bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Culturological paradigm of interuniversity interaction
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Tikhonova Anna Y. , Shabanova Anastasiya A. ,   Ulyanovsk state University, Ulyanovsk
Published: July 2022

At present, the interaction of universities and other institutional organizations is becoming relevant, it affects the development of the region positively both in economic, social and cultural terms. The article reveals the current trend in collaborations between universities and other organizations, as well as the cultural orientation of the interaction of regional universities. The main forms of relationships include competition and cooperation, and the authors prove the effectiveness of cooperation as the most productive form in which the maximum positive effect can be achieved for all participants in the educational process. The authors, analyzing the current situation, point to the contradictions and problems that regional universities face. In particular, the factors influencing the innovative development of the university are considered, which include academic mobility and internationalization, and the main subjects of these processes are teachers and students. The article presents the example of Ulyanovsk Pedagogical University in cooperation with other regional universities. Within the cooperation, the cultural potential inherent in the developed curricula and taught disciplines is realized, as well as the formation of the necessary competencies in accordance with the requirements of the current state educational standard. In addition, the programs implemented at the university for interaction with other universities in the field of culture and their products show students and the public the importance of the spiritual sphere and the possibility of its practical formation and transfer.
Transforming traditional institutions and learning environments: STEM education and modern educational landscape
Authors:   State university of management, Moscow, Krotenko Tatyana Y.
Published: July 2022

The inevitable changes in the educational sphere today are largely due to the fact that new resources are constantly appearing that feed the idea of continuity of professional engineering and technological education. Today, the ideologists of the educational sphere are talking more and more about the duality of training engineers of a new formation, about combining their theoretical training with the cultivation of the ability to solve production problems practically. Transdisciplinarity sets the most important vector for the development of technological education. The article discusses the question of how these sources are interconnected and how dependent they are on each other. The circumstances of the last decades have drastically affected the situation in education. Integration, transnationalization, information openness, commercialization and digitalization of all aspects of life have not bypassed the sphere of education, development, and training of an engineer. The events of the past year related to the pandemic have caused the active development of online learning. But, despite the gigantic changes, technical education has been and remains a problematic area. The purpose of this work is to identify problems and show the possibilities of the STEM approach. The research author uses such methods as: analysis of theoretical ideas about engineering economics, technological education, transdisciplinarity and continuity of education for the future engineer; analysis of pedagogical and research experience in the field of technological education; a local expert survey conducted in November 2021 in an online format — to identify the problems and opportunities of today's popular STEM education; content analysis of answers to open-ended questions offered to respondents working in STEM technology. The results showed that the technical educational space requires reflection of a special responsibility. The authors believe that the strategies, values, meanings and patterns of behavior of the engineering education subjects are waiting for a new understanding and analysis.
Socio-cultural approach to the development of education in rural areas
Authors:   FSBEI HE «Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation», Tsirulnikov Anatoliy M.
Published: July 2022

The main objective of the article is to reveal alternatives and opportunities for changing the situation within the framework of the development of education in rural areas. The article reveals a modern approach to solving the problem of the development of education in rural areas and the use of education as a tool for the development of the territories themselves. Different types of education and related phenomena and artifacts are highlighted. A comparative analysis of the use of technocratic and socio-cultural approaches is carried out. The article reveals the main characteristics and technologies of the socio-cultural approach to education. Technologies that allow not only to diagnose typical situations in which educational institutions in rural areas are located, but also to develop and implement the most appropriate variable strategies of educational activities and models of their development. The methodological foundations, content, tools and mechanisms of the socio-cultural approach to the development of education in rural areas are considered in more detail. The basic humanitarian technologies that make up the tools of the sociocultural approach to education in rural areas and settlements are revealed. Themechanisms of using education as a tool for solving the life problems of local communities are considered on the example of various types of socio-cultural educational projects. The socio-cultural approach has led to the interpenetration and development of different types and types of education, strengthening its influence on the socio-economic and cultural development of communities. The article describes in detail the experience and results of the implementation of the program of socio-cultural modernization of education in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). An assessment of the risks of implementing socio-cultural modernization of the education system, prospects and opportunities for its promotion in Russia is given.
Interaction of teachers with children's families in rural inclusive school
Authors:   Yaroslavl Boarding School № 7, Zhavoronkova Liliya V. , Pautova Lyubov B. ,   MEI «Emishevskaya main school in Tutaevsky municipal district», Yaroslavl region
Published: July 2022

Today, children with various types of health restrictions are increasingly appearing in rural schools, who until recently studied in special boarding schools. The parents of these children choose to study in inclusive education at school in their place of residence. The Federal State educational standard of primary general education for students with disabilities assigns a large role to parents and family in its implementation, which makes the discussion of this problem relevant. Since the federal state educational standard of primary general education for students with disabilities is a tripartite social contract, there is a need to coordinate the positions of parents and educational organizations on its implementation The main purpose of the agreements is to create favorable conditions for the complete social formation, upbringing and education of children with disabilities for the self-realization of their personality among normotypically developing peers. The authors of the article reveal the substantive aspects of the interaction of an educational organization and parents of children with disabilities on the example of the implementation of a family cooperation program in one of the rural schools of the Yaroslavl region, aimed at actively involving parents of students with disabilities in the design and implementation of an inclusive educational process. The article actualizes such forms of interaction between an educational organization and parents as: parent club, training, sports and social projects, child-parent project, consultation. As an effective form of interaction, a child-parent sports project is considered, which allows solving the tasks of different categories of interaction participants — teachers, parents and students.
Monossialitização como principal processo de intemperismo químico no planalto alcalino de Poços de Caldas (MG)
Authors: Mello Rafael Carvalho Alves , Conceição Fabiano Tomazini , Fernandes Alexandre Martins , Sardinha Diego Souza
Published: July 2022

As características das águas fluviais são fortemente influenciadas pelos processos de intemperismo químico das rochas em uma bacia hidrográfica. Assim, este trabalho investigou a influência do processo de intemperismo químico na composição das águas superficiais no planalto alcalino de Poços de Caldas, estudando-se a bacia do Córrego Ariranha. Os parâmetros físicos e químicos foram avaliados mensalmente, totalizando doze amostragens ao longo de 2016. Os resultados indicaram que as águas do Córrego Ariranha são constituídas majoritariamente pelos íons dissolvidos HCO3 - e Na+. A descarga dissolvida total foi de 247,6 t/a em 2016, com a maior parte sendo transportada no período úmido (75,6%). O fluxo anual específico de 25,3 t/km2 /a é inferior ao quantificado em outras bacias hidrográficas formadas por rochas alcalinas no Brasil e no mundo, independentemente das condições climáticas de cada região. As águas do Córrego Ariranha sãocontroladas pela mistura das águas pluviais e os processos de monossialitização dos minerais silicatos que compõe as rochasalcalinas do planalto de Poços de Caldas.
THE STUDY OF ANTHROPOGENIC DISTURBANCE ON GEOPEDOGENETIC PROCESS AT THE LOWER SLOPE OF MT. UNGARAN, INDONESIA
Authors: Juhadi Juhadi , Pratiwi ‪Elok Surya , Trihatmoko Edy , Findayani Aprillia , Sartohadi Junun , Hamid Nur
Published: July 2022

Volcanic rocks mining activity will undoubtedly remove vegetation cover and cause the physical environment changes. Revegetation effort as part of land rehabilitation program then often found many obstacles because it was mostly conducted without adequate knowledge of detailed morphology and soil characteristics at the post-mining area. This study investigates the geopedogenetic changes, including land surface morphology, recent geomorphic processes, and soil properties caused by andesite rocks exploitation at the northern flank of Mt. Ungaran, Central Java Province of Indonesia. A digital terrain model was firstly generated from small format aerial photography acquired by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to identify the surface morphology changes due to the mining. Soil observation on field and laboratory test were conducted from samples at the affected and unaffected mining areas in order to analyse the changes on pysiochemical properties. This research exhibits that the mining activities have altered a single convex hill into a complex land surface morphology consisting of sloping zone, basins and flat area. Human disturbance on pedogenetic process at the mining area are in the form of parent material alteration that make them return to the early stage of soil development and top soil reduction that modify its genetic horizons. In addition, the changes on surface morphology and the absence of vegetation cover right after the mining ends also triggered new geomorphic processes in the form of incision and deposition on slopes and basin respectively. The finer deposit layers then become a new parent material at the basin zone. Soil laboratory data demonstrate that the affected soils tend to have a high level of base saturation, but lower C-organic and N-total levels, which result in a less favourable environment for supporting vegetation growth. A precise surface morphology design, extra soil surface protection and organic matter enhancement could be wise recommendations for land managers to control soil incision and support vegetation growth at the andesite post-mining area.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING DENGAN TUGAS MIND-MAP PADA MATERI LARUTAN PENYANGGA
Authors: Ulfah Maria , Bakti Iriani , Saadi Parham
Published: July 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang penerapan model project based learning dengan tugas mind-map materi larutan penyangga. Tujuandari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan keterampilan berpikir kreatif dan hasil belajar peserta didik yang belajar menggunakan pendekatan saintifik dengan model pembelajaran project based learning dengan tugas mind-map dan peserta didik yang belajar menggunakan pendekatan saintifik pada materi larutan penyangga. Penelitian ini menggunakan quasi experiment dan desain nonequivalent control group. Sampel penelitian, yaitu kelas eksperimen adalah XI MIPA 4 dan kelas kontrol adalah XI MIPA 2 MAN 2 Model Banjarmasin. Sampel diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik tes dan non-tes digunakan untuk pengumpulan data. Uji Mann Whitney digunakan untuk analisis data. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan berpikir kreatif dan hasil belajar peserta didik berbeda antara yang belajar menggunakan pendekatan saintifik dengan model pembelajaran project based learning dengan tugas mind-map dan yang belajar menggunakan pendekatan saintifik pada materi larutan penyangga.
PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM SOLVING BERBANTUAN PETA KONSEP UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR DAN KETERAMPILAN METAKOGNISI PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATERI STOIKIOMETRI
Authors: Zubaidah Siti , Syahmani Syahmani , Hamid Abdul
Published: July 2022

Penelitian yang dilakukan mengenai penggunaan model pembelajaran problem solving yang dibantu dengan media peta konsep pada materi stoikiometri kelas X SMA Negeri 9 Banjarmasin. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui (1) kegiatan guru, (2) kegiatan peserta didik, (3) keterampilan metakognisi, (4) hasil belajar aspek kognitif, dan afekti (5) respon peserta didik terhadap pembelajaran menggunakan model Problem Solving berbantuan Peta Konsep. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan dalam dua siklus. Subjek penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas X MIA 1 dengan jumlah 35 peserta didik. Instrumen penelitian berupa instrumen tes keterampilan metakognisin dan hasil belajar peserta didik, sedangkan instrumen non tes menggunakan lembar observasi dan angket. Analisis data menggunakan teknik deksriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) kegiatan guru meningkat dengan kategori kurang baik menjadi kategori sangat baik; (2) kegiatan peserta didik meningkat dengan kategori aktif menjadi kategori sangat aktif; (3) keterampilan metakognisi peserta didik meningkat dari kategori mulai berkembang menjadi sudah berkembang dengan baik; (4) kognitif peserta didik meningkat dari 68,89% menjadi 86,81%, afektif peserta didik meningkat dari 8,97 menjadi 10,97, (5) respon peserta didik menunjukan respon dengan kategori sangat baik.
Perfil epidemiológico das intoxicações exógenas no Tocantins de 2014 a 2019
Authors: Rodrigues Nathália , Cândido Mansos Thayslla Priscylla , Souza Carvalho Melyssa , Das Dores Dias Oliveira Jaqueline
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil clínico e epidemiológico de indivíduos intoxicados por causas externas no estado do Tocantins entre 2014 e 2019. Método: Realizou-se um estudo transversal retrospectivo, a partir de dados acerca de intoxicações exógenas entre os anos de 2014 a 2019, coletados no Sistema de Informações sobre Agravos e Notificações. Efetuou-se análise das variáveis número de casos, sexo, faixa etária, agente tóxico, circunstância, município de notificação, classificação final e evolução. Resultados: Constatou-se 9140 casos notificados, sendo que o sexo masculino (57,71%) e as faixas etárias de 20 a 39 anos (36,55%) e de 1 a 4 anos (19,21%), foram os mais prevalentes. A cidade de Palmas apresentou a maior quantidade de notificações do estado (28,92%). A tentativa de suicídio foi a circunstância mais registrada (35,45%) e o agente tóxico primordialmente utilizado foram os medicamentos (40,07%), no entanto a maioria dos desfechos resultaram em cura sem sequelas(86,38%). Conclusão: A tentativa de suicídio foi o principal responsável por intoxicações, especialmente por ingestão de medicamentos, que ocorreram em jovens de 20 a 39 anos, demonstrando crescente preocupação dos profissionais da saúde frente ao uso indevido de medicamentos com a finalidade de autoextermínio, devido a sua letalidade e obtenção facilitada. O elevado grau de intoxicações em crianças menores de 4 anos se mostrou alarmante, uma vez que os casos presentes no estados se encontram elevados e cuja principal causa estão a curiosidade, falta de conhecimento e falta de supervisão.

 

Palavras chaves: Intoxicação; Tentativa de suicídio; Uso indevido de medicamentos; Substâncias tóxicas.
ARGUIÇÃO DO PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DA HANSENÍASE NO TOCANTINS DE 2017 A 2021
Authors: Soares Martins Gustavo , Soares Araujo Felipe , Martins Correia Júnior Aures , Diniz Oliveira Monalisa , Do Nascimento Souza Bruno Cesar , Cunha Reis Lucas , Rangearo Peres Carlos Alberto
Published: July 2022

INTRODUÇÃO: A hanseníase é uma doença infecciosa, contagiosa, que afeta os nervos e a pele e é causada por um bacilo chamado Mycobacterium leprae ou bacilo de Hansen. Dentre os sintomas destacam-se parestesia e dormência nas extremidades do corpo; manchas esbranquiçadas ou avermelhadas. As formas clínicas são Hanseníase indeterminada (HI), Hanseníase tuberculóide (HT), Hanseníase virchowiana (HV) e Hanseníase dimorfa (HD). O tratamento compreende a poliquimioterapia (PQT). OBJETIVOS: realizar o estudo epidemiológico do perfil da Hanseníase no estado do Tocantins entre 2017 e 2021. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico descritivo, realizado por meio da coleta de dados anuais referentes ao período entre 2017 até 2021, no estado do Tocantins (TO). RESULTADOS: Das 7.812 infecções totais, 4.306 foi de homens e a faixa etária mais acometida foi a de adultos com 5.264 registros. A Região de Saúde mais acometida foi o Capim Dourado com 46,59% das notificações. CONCLUSÕES: Tendo em vista maior incidência em homens adultos da região do Capim Dourado é fundamental politicas públicas visem o controle da doença.
ARGUIÇÃO EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DA INSUFICIÊNCIA CARDÍACA NO TOCANTINS DE 2016 A 2020 E ESTRATÉGIAS PARA SUA MITIGAÇÃO
Authors: Viana Maia Thiago , Soares Martins Gustavo , Leite Bitencourt Evandro , Rangearo Peres Carlos Alberto
Published: July 2022

Introdução: A insuficiência cardíaca (IC) é definida como uma incapacidade do coração em bombear sangue adequadamente para todo o corpo para suprir as necessidades metabólicas do mesmo, também definida como síndrome de disfunção ventricular. Acredita-se que a IC seja a via final das cardiopatias de diversas etiologias. Nesse contexto, no Tocantins, essa tendência se apresenta nos últimos anos com uma incidência e prevalência crescentes e consideráveis, sendo importante a realização do estudo de análise epidemiológica da IC no estado. Objetivos: Realizar um estudo epidemiológico do perfil da IC no estado do Tocantins entre 2016 e 2020. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico de natureza descritiva, realizado por meio da coleta de dados anuais referentes ao período entre 2016 até 2020, no estado do Tocantins (TO), disponibilizado pelo Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH). Resultados: Há prevalência de casos em indivíduos do sexo masculino (59,13%) e também óbitos (53,84%) em pessoas desse gênero. A faixa etária mais acometida em relação às internações foi a de idosos (60 anos ou mais) com 75,11% e a maior prevalência de óbitos também foi nesse grupo etário com 83,07%. O estado registrou Taxa de Mortalidade (TM) de 10,59 sendo a Ilha do Bananal a região com maior TM (16,17) Conclusão: A arguição epidemiológica da Insuficiência Cardíaca (IC) permitiu identificar prevalência de internações e óbitos em homens idosos (60 anos ou mais), sendo a falta de instrução e informação sobre a doença fatores potencializadores da mesma. O estado apresentou TM de 10,59. Assim políticas públicas e a pratica física são fundamentais para, ao menos, mitigar a problemática.

Palavras-chave : Insuficiência Cardíaca; Falência Cardíaca; Epidemiologia
CISTO ÓSSEO TRAUMÁTICO EM CORPO MANDIBULAR:
Authors: Santana Alessandra Monteiro , Silva Maiara Lopes Ferreira , Rodrigues Rafael Drummond , Santos Rair de Miranda , Santos Jean Nunes dos , Carneiro Júnior Bráulio
Published: July 2022

Introdução: O cisto ósseo traumático é uma lesão intraóssea rara e assintomática, caracterizada por cavidade sem revestimento epitelial, sendo classificado como um pseudocisto.  A sua descoberta é realizada por meio de achados radiográficos de rotina. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar dois casos clínicos de cisto ósseo traumático em mandíbula. Desenvolvimento: Caso 1: paciente gênero masculino, 17 anos, portando exame radiográfico com imagem radiotransparente em corpo mandibular, assintomático ao exame físico. Ao exame tomográfico, observou-se região hipodensa em corpo mandibular (ápices dentários 47/48) e o mesmo foi submetido a curetagem total da lesão, observou-se loja óssea com ausência de cápsula e discreto sangramento, confirmando hipótese diagnóstica de COT. Caso 2: paciente gênero feminino, 15 anos, portando exame radiográfico de rotina com imagem semelhante, assintomática ao exame físico. Ao exame tomográfico, notou-se região hipodensa em corpo mandibular (ápices dentários 44/45), sendo essa submetida a curetagem total da lesão, com características semelhantes. Os casos apontam neoformação óssea ao acompanhamento radiográfico. Considerações finais: Conclui-se ser primordial o diagnóstico clínico-radiográfico de lesões intraósseas para melhor conduta terapêutica, sendo consenso na literatura os excelentes resultados a longo prazo da curetagem das paredes ósseas como tratamento.
Figura 2: Análise multivariada de agrupamento cluster para verificar a similaridade da localização anatômica nos nervos Juncionais, Compostos e Intradermicos, com coeficiente de Bray-Curtis de 0,8718.
Authors: Xavier Jose Candido , Polizel Ocanha-Xavier Juliana , Felix Negreiros Natalia , Correa Garcia Pires D’Ávilla Solange , Alencar Marques Mariângela Esther
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: descrever a frequência dos nevos comuns e a distribuição dos mesmos nos diferentes sítios anatômicos e em grupos etários distintos.

Métodos: Estudo observacional, transversal e retrospectivo que analisou todos os nevos comuns (juncionais, compostos e intradérmicos). Informações sobre idade, gênero, localização anatômica e classificação histológica foram extraídas das requisições médicas. Para análise da distribuição dos casos em relação à idade e ao sítio anatômico foi utilizado o teste estatístico de Kruskall-Wallis e a análise multivariada através do coeficiente de similaridade Bray-Curtis.

Resultados: 3.471 patientes e 6.802 lesões foram analisados. Nevos intradérmicos foram os mais frequentes (70,2%), seguidos dos compostos (20,1%) e dos juncionais (9,7%). Nevos compostos estiveram associados a idade mais jovem. Em relação à distribuição anatômica não houve diferença estatística.

Conclusão: pacientes com nevos compostos demonstraram idade mais jovem e nevos intradérmicos apresentaram distribuição anatômica dissimilar aos demais.
Análise do perfil epidemiológico da meningite na região norte do Brasil entre 2010 e 2020
Authors: Bento Camila , Barros Trindade  Chaves Vera Lucas , Cotrim Rodrigues Renata , Vaz Guilherme , Alves da Silva Sílvio , Leite Bintencourt Evandro
Published: July 2022

Introdução: A meningite é uma inflamação que acomete as meninges, principalmente o espaço subaracnóideo e que pode atingir os segmentos craniano e medular. É uma infecção associada mais comumente com vírus e bactérias, sendo a etiologia bacteriana a responsável pelos piores prognósticos. Nesse sentido, a incidência da meningite na região Norte do país torna importante e propícia a pesquisa sobre o perfil epidemiológico da doença no estado do Tocantins e a sua comparação com a região Norte do Brasil. Objetivo: Diante disso, foi realizado um estudo transversal com o objetivo de traçar o perfil dos indivíduos acometidos por essa doença. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico de natureza descritiva, realizado por meio da coleta de dados anuais disponibilizados pelo Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) do Departamento de Informação e Informática do SUS (DATASUS), referentes ao período entre 2010 e 2020, na região Norte do Brasil e no estado do Tocantins. Foram coletados dados em todas as faixas etárias disponíveis entre menores de 1 ano e acima de 80 anos, observando-se dentro de cada faixa etária a incidência de Meningite e a evolução. Resultados: Foi possível verificar o registro total de 8043 casos confirmados na região norte, em comparação com 662 casos no estado do Tocantins no período determinado. Quanto à evolução, destaca-se que o maior número de óbitos por meningite está concentrado nos extremos de idades (menor que 1 ano e maior que 60 anos) e a predominância do sexo masculino. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a meningite possui caráter endêmico e que há uma existência contínua de novos casos, sendo necessário intensificar as ações de combate de região por meio de reforços nas ações preventivas da atenção primária e com a conscientização da população sobre a importância do calendário nacional de vacinação.

Palavras-chave: Meningite; Epidemiologia; Atenção Primária; Região Norte.
Renal hypoxia, vascular calcification and crystalline nephropathy
Authors: Mendes Tavares Gomes Glísia
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

 

Objective: To emphasize the increase, in the last decades, in the incidence of kidney diseases and associated comorbidities and, within a wide range of kidney injury triggers, it is important to mention the nephropathies caused by crystal and mineral deposition, considering the often slow, gradual and asymptomatic progression of these disorders.

Methods: This is a literature review based on the search for articles related to the topics ‘Crystalluria and renal hypoxia’, in databases such as Pubmed, Bireme, Web of Science and Google Scholar.

Results: It can be observed that, of the metabolic processes involved, inflammation and renal hypoxia, which are mutually related, are variables of interest to be considered in this type of injury. Understanding and monitoring the impact of mineral deposition and / or the formation of crystals in the renal parenchyma is an extremely important factor in this context.

Conclusion: Mineral imbalance and the urinary saturation of some crystallization promoters, such as oxalate, as well as the inflammation and hypoxemia process, make the kidney environment prone to acute or chronic disorders, possibly due to the disconnected of these variables.

Keywords: Oxalate; hypoxia; vascular calcification; renal failure, chronic; COVID-19
DIAGNÓSTICO DE HANSENÍASE POR AVALIAÇÃO DE CONTATOS: ANÁLISE DE TENDÊNCIA E PERFIL DOS CASOS
Authors: De Campos Lico Pedro Henrique , Silva Luz Josué Junior , Dias Bizerra Maria Amália , Cerqueira de Santana Letícia , Dias Monteiro Lorena
Published: July 2022

Introdução: Palmas permanece como a capital mais hiperendêmica para hanseníase no Brasil. Objetivo: descrever a tendência dos indicadores operacionais e perfil dos casos diagnosticados por avaliação de contatos. Metodologia: Estudo de série temporal baseado em dados epidemiológicos relativos à hanseníase oriundos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação e de relatórios de capacitação. A análise de tendência incluiu modelos de regressão de Poisson por pontos de inflexão (Joinpoint), considerando-se os indicadores operacionais. Resultados: Verificou-se tendência de aumento na detecção de casos por avaliação de contatos (Annual Percent Change [APC] = 62,5; IC95% 35,4 a 29,5) entre 2010 e 2017, detecção por demanda espontânea (APC=88,7; IC95% -25,1 a 350,6) entre 2015 e 2017, redução significativa de encaminhamentos (APC=21,6; IC95% -42,9 a -7,7) entre 2014 e 2017. Houve aumento significativo para a proporção de casos detectados por exame de coletividade (Average Annual Percent Change [AAPC] = 20,9; IC95% 7,1 a 36,5). Conclusão: O diagnóstico foi tardio para 95,92% dos contatos. A estratégia ouro adotada na execução desse projeto para o alcance de contatos para avaliação proporcionou significativa mudança no padrão dos indicadores operacionais da hanseníase, bem como um melhor controle da doença no município de Palmas.
LEISHMANIOSE TEGUMENTAR AMERICANA COM PADRÃO CUTANEOMUCOSO DISSEMINADO: UM RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Carvalho Murilo Bazzo , Simões de Sousa Natália Ferrer , Lopes Dias da Silva Luísa , Silva Dias Franco Mônica , Araújo de Lima Rafael Nogueira
Published: July 2022

Introdução: A Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana (LTA) se configura como uma patologia endêmica ao Estado de Tocantins, sendo responsável por importante morbidade e estigma social. A doença pode se apresentar de diversas maneiras, variando de formas cutâneas localizadas a cutaneomucosas disseminadas, sendo esta última uma apresentação rara e objeto deste trabalho. Desenvolvimento: Paciente com lesões dolorosas ulceradas disseminadas em pele e região cutânea, diagnosticado com leishmaniose tegumentar americana, tratado com anfotericina B lipossomal, apresentando boa resposta à terapia. Considerações finais: Pela gravidade do caso e pela endemicidade das patologias que integram o diagnóstico diferencial, a descrição desta patologia pode auxiliar futuras pesquisas e no reconhecimento precoce de novos casos.
Síndrome visual informático: un problema emergente durante la emergencia sanitaria por COVID-19
Authors: Estrada Araoz Edwin Gustavo , Paricahua Peralta Jimmy Nelson
Published: July 2022

La pandemia por COVID-19 ha forzado la virtualización de las actividades que las personas realizaban de manera presencial para cumplir con las disposiciones de aislamiento social obligatorio y evitar que las tasas de contagio se incrementen. Por ello, fue necesario que ellas estén conectadas durante muchas horas a los dispositivos digitales como las computadoras, laptops, tablets y celulares, principalmente, lo cual podría haber ocasionado el síndrome visual informático, afección que impacta en el normal desenvolvimiento de las actividades académicas, laborales, sociales, etc. En ese sentido, consideramos que a pesar que durante la pandemia podría haberse evidenciado con mayor frecuencia, tendría una prevalencia que seguiría siendo significativa en el actual contexto pospandemia.
Data Science Approach to Compare the Lyrics of Popular Music Artists
Authors: Rosebaugh Caleb , Shamir Lior
Published: July 2022

Popular music lyrics exhibit clear differences between songwriters. This study describes a quantitative approach to the analysis of popular music lyrics. The method uses explainable measurements of the lyrics and therefore allows the use of quantitative measurements for consequent qualitative analyses. This study applies the automatic quantitative text analytics to 18,577 songs from 89 popular music artists. The analysis quantifies different elements of the lyrics that might be impractical to measure manually. The analysis includes basic supervised machine learning, and the explainable nature of the measurements also allows to identify specific differences between the artists. For instance, the sentiments expressed in the lyrics, the diversity in the selection of words, the frequency of gender-related words, and the distribution of the sounds of the words show differences between popular music artists. The analysis also shows a correlation between the easiness of readability and the positivity of the sentiments expressed in the lyrics. The analysis can be used as a new approach to studying popular music lyrics. The software developed for the study is publicly available and can be used for future studies of popular music lyrics.
Development of Global Impervious Surface Area Index for Automatic Spatiotemporal Urban Mapping
Authors: Javed Akib , Shao Zhengfeng , Ara Iffat , Huq Md. Enamul , Ali Md. Yeamin , Saleem Nayyer , Ahmad Muhammad Nasar
Published: July 2022

Impervious surface area (ISA) is a crucial indicator for quantitative urban studies. It is also important for land use land cover classification, groundwater recharge, sustainable development, urban heat island effects, and more. Spectral ISA mapping suffers from mixed pixel problems, especially with bare soil. This study aims to develop an ISA index for spatiotemporal urban mapping from common multispectral bands by reducing soil signature better than in previous studies. This study proposed a global impervious surface area index (GISAI) enhancing ISA mapping accuracy using a temporal parameter of the remote sensing (RS) dataset. Bare soil spectral reflectance shows more fluctuation than urban ISA. Therefore, the study uses minimum composites of earlier urban indices to compile minimum soil signature. It is later improved by removing water, increasing the contrast between bare soil and urban ISA and reducing bright bare soil area. This study maps the ISA of all 12 megacities using the annual RS image collection from 2021. GISAI reduced the bare soil signature and achieved an overall accuracy of 87.29%, F1-score of 0.84, and Kappa coefficient of 0.75. However, it has some limitations with grey bare soil and barren hilly areas. By limiting bare soil signature, GISAI broadens the scope of inter-urban studies globally and lengthens potential urban time-series analysis using common multispectral bands.
Biocompatibility of Ceramic Materials in CaO-P2O5 System, Obtained via Heat Treatment of Cement-Salt Stone
Authors: Toshev Otabek , Safronova Tatiana , Kaimonov Maksim , Shatalova Tatiana , Klimashina Elena , Lukina Yulia , Malyutin Konstantin
Published: July 2022

Biocompatibility of ceramic materials in CaO-P2O5 system was investigated using different methods, including in vitro and in vivo tests. Ceramics based on calcium pyrophosphate Ca2P2O7 were obtained by annealing cement-salt stone from highly concentrated hardening suspensions (HCHS). Cement-salt stone was prepared using powder mixtures of calcium citrate tetrahydrate Ca3(C6H5O7)2·4H2O and monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM) Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O. These salts were mixed with each other in such a way that calcium pyrophosphate and calcium polyphosphate were present in the final ceramic product in the following weight ratios: Ca(PO3)2/Ca2P2O7 = 0/100; 5/95; 10/90 and 20/80. Distilled water was added to a homogenized powder mixtures of Ca3(C6H5O7)2·4H2O and Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O by a water/solid ratio of 0,5 by weight. The obtained suspensions were shaped using silicon molds and left to dry in air for a week. The phase composition of the obtained samples of cement-salt stone was represented by brushite CaHPO4·2H2O, monetite CaHPO4, calcium citrate tetrahydrate Ca3(C6H5O7)2·4H2O and monocalcium phosphate monohydrate Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O. According to the XRD data, the phase composition of ceramic materials after annealing in the temperature range of 800-1000 0C was mainly represented by the β-Ca2P2O7 phase. In vivo tests shown that obtained ceramic materials can be recommended for regenerative treatments for bone defects.
Two Common Mistakes in Applying ANOVA Test: Guide for Biological Researchers
Authors: Azizi Fateme , Ghasemi Rasoul , Ardalan Maryam
Published: July 2022

The importance of statistics in biological research is inevitable. The appliance of statistics is the most powerful tool to support the scientific hypothesis and to give credibility to biological research methodology, to interpret convoluted explanations and conclusions based on the research findings. The evidences from literatures point the persistent statistical errors, selection of non-proper statistical test with the consequence of misinterpretation of the scientific results which are published in international journals. One of the most extensively used statistical tests in the field of biology (preclinical and clinical) is analysis of variance (ANOVA). ANOVA test is in place of multiple T-tests to compare the means of more than two groups at a time; and there are some important points which biologists should be aware of them to avoid possible misinterpretation of results with the consequence of wrong conclusion. Accordingly, the aim of the current review is to help biologists to understand the basic concepts of ANOVA test and reach to a more valid interpretation of achieved results.
Preharvest Environmental and Management Drivers of Multidrug Resistance in Major Bacterial Zoonotic Pathogens in Pastured Poultry Flocks
Authors: Ayoola Moses B. , Pillai Nisha , Nanduri Bindu , Rothrock Michael , Ramkumar Mahalingam
Published: July 2022

Due to nutritional benefits and perceived humane ways of treating the animals, the demand for antibiotic-free pastured poultry chicken has continued to be on a steady rise. However, despite non-usage of antibiotics in pastured poultry broiler production, antibiotic resistance (AR) is reported in zoonotic poultry pathogens. However, actors that drive multidrug resistance (MDR) in pastured poultry are not known. In this study, we used machine learning and deep learning approaches to predict farm management practices, and physicochemical properties of feces and soil that drive MDR in zoonotic poultry pathogens. Antibiotic use in agroecosystems is known to contribute to resistance. Evaluation of the development of resistance in environments that are free of antibiotics such as the all-natural antibiotic-free, pastured poultry production systems described here is critical to understand the background AR. We analyzed 1,635 preharvest (feces and soil) samples collected from forty-two pastured poultry flocks and eleven farms in the Southeastern United States. CDC National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System guidelines were used to determine antimicrobial/multidrug resistance profiles of Salmonella, Listeria and Campylobacter. A combination of two traditional machine learning (RandomForest and XGBoost) and three deep learning (Multi-layer Perceptron, Generative Adversarial Network, and Auto-Encoder) approaches, identified critical farm/environmental variables that drive multidrug resistance in poultry pathogens, in broiler production systems that represents background resistance. This study enumerates management practices that contribute to AR and recommendations to potentially mitigate multidrug resistance and prevalence of Salmonella and Listeria in pastured poultry.
Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Diversity in Academic Orthopaedic Surgery Leadership
Authors: Meadows Austin M. , Skinner Madelyn M. , Faraj Majd T. , Hazime Alaa A. , Day Russell G. , Fore Jessi A. , Day Charles S.
Published: July 2022

Background:

Multiple investigations in the past 50 years have documented a lack of racial/ethnic and gender diversity in the orthopaedic surgery workforce when compared with other specialties. Studies in other industries suggest that diversification of leadership can help diversify the underlying workforce. This study investigates changes in racial/ethnic and gender diversity of orthopaedic surgery leadership from 2007 to 2019 and compares leadership diversity to that of other surgical and nonsurgical specialties, specifically in terms of chairpersons and program directors.

Methods:

Demographic data were collected from The Journal of the American Medical Association and the Association of American Medical Colleges. Aggregate data were utilized to determine the racial, ethnic, and gender composition of academic leadership for 8 surgical and nonsurgical specialties in 2007 and 2019. Comparative analysis was conducted to identify changes in diversity among chairpersons between the 2 years. Furthermore, current levels of diversity in orthopaedic leadership were compared with those of other specialties.

Results:

A comparative analysis of diversity among program directors revealed that orthopaedic surgery had significantly lower minority representation (20.5%) when compared with the nonsurgical specialties (adjusted p < 0.01 for all) and, with the exception of neurological surgery, had the lowest proportion of female program directors overall, at 9.0% (adjusted p < 0.001 for all). From 2007 to 2019, orthopaedic surgery experienced no change in minority representation among chairpersons (adjusted p = 0.73) but a significant increase in female representation among chairpersons, from 0.0% (0 of 102) to 4.1% (5 of 122) (adjusted p = 0.04). Lastly, a significant decrease in minority and female representation was observed when comparing the diversity of 2019 orthopaedic faculty to orthopaedic leadership in 2019/2020 (p < 0.05 for all).

Conclusions:

Diversity in orthopaedic surgery leadership has improved on some key fronts, specifically in gender diversity among chairpersons. However, a significant decrease in minority and gender representation was observed between 2019 orthopaedic faculty and 2019/2020 orthopaedic leadership (p < 0.05), which was a trend shared by other specialties. These findings may suggest a more pervasive problem in diversity of medical leadership that is not only limited to orthopaedic surgery.
Transphyseal Distal Humeral Fractures
Authors: Crowe Mary , Byerly Luke , Mehlman Charles T.
Published: July 2022

Background:

The transphyseal distal humeral fracture has been well described as a concerning fracture pattern for non-accidental trauma (NAT) in young pediatric patients. Because of the infrequent presentation of this fracture, the association historically has been anecdotal. The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the incidence of NAT among displaced transphyseal distal humeral fractures and displaced supracondylar humeral fractures in children <3 years of age.

Methods:

All displaced transphyseal distal humeral fractures and displaced supracondylar humeral fractures in patients <3 years of age admitted because of injury during an 18-year period were reviewed retrospectively for inclusion. Patient demographics, mechanisms of injury, results of child protective services investigations, and medical records were reviewed. A chi-square test was utilized to analyze significance for categorical data; p values of <0.05 were defined as significant.

Results:

The charts of 23 transphyseal distal humeral and 205 supracondylar humeral fracture cases were reviewed. NAT was the cause for 6 (26%) of the displaced transphyseal distal humeral fractures and 4 (2%) of the displaced supracondylar fractures. The associated risk of NAT was 13 times greater (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.05 to 43.7; p < 0.001) for children admitted for operative management of displaced transphyseal distal humeral fractures compared with those admitted for operative management of displaced supracondylar humeral fractures.

Conclusions:

The classic 1980 paper by DeLee et al. sensitized the orthopaedic community to the relationship between transphyseal distal humeral fractures and child abuse. Our study is the first, to our knowledge, to bring statistical weight to this association. We found a 13-times-greater risk of NAT for children <3 years of age who sustain a displaced transphyseal distal humeral fracture compared with a displaced supracondylar fracture.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Spatial Pattern of Late Quaternary Shortening Rate in the Longmen Shan Foreland, Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Jiang Dawei , Zhang Shimin , Ding Rui
Published: July 2022

As the eastern boundary of the Tibetan Plateau, Longmen Shan possesses a narrow thrust belt with steep topography but lacks matching Cenozoic foreland basin. Multiple kinetic models have been proposed to debate on the dominant mechanism of developing such range–foreland system. Crustal shortening rate is a feasible approach to test different tectonic models and estimate structural patterns. In this study, we focused on the deformation pattern and shortening rate of the complex foreland area of the southern Longmen Shan, which is comprised of the Xiongpo, Sansuchang, and Longquanshan anticlines. By the means of net-based RTK measurement and Quaternary chronology, we measured and dated the six-level terraces of the Qingyi River, which flows southeastward across this region. Excess area method was applied to calculate shortening rate. The results indicate that the Late Quaternary shortening rates of the Xiongpo anticline, Longquanshan anticline, and Sansuchang anticline are 1.01 mm/yr, 0.89 mm/yr, and 0.16 mm/yr, respectively. The total shortening rate of the foreland in southern Longmen Shan is 2.06 mm/yr. Consequently, a mechanical model was presented to show the tectonic pattern: the southern Longmen Shan is an actively expanding edge of the plateau, and the shortening is distributed to the three anticlines dominated by the foreland detachment system. This model supports that crustal shortening is the dominating force in the current orogenesis of the Longmen Shan. In addition, the along-strike variation of the Longmen Shan was further specified from the perspective of crustal shortening distribution. We propose that the southern Longmen Shan and its foreland basin are in a state of compression, while the northern Longmen Shan has both thrust and strike-slip characteristics.
Social Media Use and Academic Performance among High School Students: Roles of Time Spent and Purpose of Use
Authors: Zeleke Seleshi , Kibret Abebe
Published: July 2022

Background Studies have shown that social media (SM) can influence academic performance both positively and negatively depending on the students’ social media use (SMU) behaviors. Though many studies have examined time spent on SM and academic performance, the findings are inconclusive. Besides, only few studies have directly assessed the role of purpose of SMU. This study examines the influence of purpose of SMU, time spent on SM and their interaction on students’ academic performance. Method The sample comprised 110 Grade 11 students from a private high school in Addis Ababa. We collected data on students’ academic performance from official school records and the students’ demographics and SMU behaviors through a survey questionnaire developed for the purpose. We employed two-way ANOVA and chi-square test for data analyses. Findings Slightly more than 67% of the students used SM for noneducation purposes and on average these students spent more time on SM than those who used SM for education purposes. The students who used SM for education purposes scored significantly higher in all three subjects (English, mathematics and chemistry) than those who used SM for noneducation purposes. Students who spent shorter time on SM daily scored significantly better in all three subjects than those who spent longer. The purpose-by-time interaction effect is, however, not statistically significant. Conclusion Mainly the study showed that spending more time on SM particularly for noneducation purposes is harmful to students’ academic performance.