bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“The Fatal Blemish”: Purity, Consistency, and Chemical Engineers at the Origin of a New Visual Order, 1890–1930
Authors: von Stackelberg Emmet
Published: December 2024

This article follows the early history of the Eastman Kodak Company, examining how the photographic company came to be led by experts in chemistry, who created manufacturing processes that were crucial to the mass manufacture of motion pictures. It argues that celluloid film, the substance necessary for motion pictures, was central to the evolution of Kodak into an industrial chemical company. Kodak’s work to manage the specific technological problems and risks created by this material was itself constitutive of the new industrial shape the firm took. In embracing an intraplant goal of purity of raw materials and finished goods, Kodak made it possible for cinema to become a mass medium, with moving images able to look the same way across time and space, over countless copies. Kodak’s transformation, however, was uneven, as the firm’s photosensitive emulsion continued to be made according to far more empirical, secretive, and artisanal procedures, developed by a photographer without a high school degree. These artisanal processes coexisted alongside a highly standardized plant regime, and both were required to make celluloid film. This history demonstrates one way in which broad cultural transformations of the early twentieth century were closely tied to material and practical transformations within industrial firms.
Testing a proposed mathematical model of weight loss in women enrolled on a commercial weight-loss programme: the LighterLife study
Authors: Egan Aoife M. , Rayman John F. , Collins Adam L.
Published: December 2024

Weight loss results in obligatory reductions in energy expenditure (EE) due to loss of metabolically active fat-free mass (FFM). This is accompanied by adaptive reductions (i.e. adaptive thermogenesis) designed to restore energy balance while in an energy crisis. While the ‘3500-kcal rule’ is used to advise weight loss in clinical practice, the assumption that EE remains constant during energy restriction results in a large overestimation of weight loss. Thus, this work proposes a novel method of weight-loss prediction to more accurately account for the dynamic trajectory of EE. A mathematical model of weight loss was developed using ordinary differential equations relying on simple self-reported inputs of weight and energy intake to predict weight loss over a specified time. The model subdivides total daily EE into resting EE, physical activity EE, and diet-induced thermogenesis, modelling obligatory and adaptive changes in each compartment independently. The proposed model was tested and refined using commercial weight-loss data from participants enrolled on a very low-energy total-diet replacement programme (LighterLife UK, Essex). Mathematical modelling predicted post-intervention weight loss within 0.75% (1.07 kg) of that observed in females with overweight or obesity. Short-term weight loss was consistently underestimated, likely due to considerable FFM reductions reported on the onset of weight loss. The best model agreement was observed from 6 to 9 weeks where the predicted end-weight was within 0.35 kg of that observed. The proposed mathematical model simulated rapid weight loss with reasonable accuracy. Incorporated terms for energy partitioning and adaptive thermogenesis allow us to easily account for dynamic changes in EE, supporting the potential use of such a model in clinical practice.
Gut parasites of alpacas (Vicugna pacos) raised in Poland
Authors: Szopieray K. , Templin J. , Osten-Sacken N. , Jaśkowski J.M. , Żbikowska E.
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in alpacas on selected farms in Poland. In July and August 2019 and August 2021, 223 samples from six commercial farms were examined using coproscopic techniques. The total percentage of alpacas infected with intestinal parasites was 57.7%. Eggs of Nematodirus sp. were found in 28.9%, Trichostrongylus sp. in 15.5%, Strongyloides sp. in 13.4%, Camelostrongylus sp. in 11.3%, other strongyle-type in 12.4%, Trichuris sp. in 3.1%, Capillaria spp. in 2.1%, Oesophagostomum sp. in 1.0% and eggs of Moniezia sp. in 1.0% of individuals. Oocysts of Eimeria macusaniensis were found in 8.2%, Eimeria sp. in 4.1%, and Cryptosporidium sp. in 3.1% of animals. Redundancy analysis showed that parasites and their number in faeces were related to the individual’s country of origin, sex and age. Females had significantly more eggs of parasites than males. More significant parasite infection was recorded in younger individuals. Moreover, the most infected were individuals from Germany. Some of the described parasites in tested alpacas have zoonotic potential. Due to the possibility of introducing parasites native to alpacas and acquiring species parasitising wild and farmed animals in Europe, permanent veterinary monitoring of animals imported from other regions is necessary.
First report of the pygmy slipper lobster Biarctus sordidus (Crustacea, Decapoda) in the Red Sea following the finding of its phyllosoma larva
Authors: Guy-Haim Tamar , Farstey Viviana , Iakovleva Anastasiia , Spanier Ehud , Morov Arseniy R.
Published: December 2024

The advent of integrative taxonomy in plankton research, employing molecular and morphology-based identification, promotes the discovery of new biodiversity records, especially of larval stages. The slipper lobster family Scyllaridae consists of planktonic phyllosoma larvae, persisting weeks to many months in the water column. High interspecific larval similarities and inconsistent delineation of stages have hindered the identification of scyllarid phyllosomata to the species level using morphological characteristics. Here we report the first record of the pygmy slipper lobster, Biarctus sordidus, in the Red Sea following the finding of its phyllosoma larva, extending its known distribution from the Persian Gulf to Australia and southern China. We identified the phyllosoma collected from the Northern Gulf of Aqaba as B. sordidus using the mitochondrial 16S and 18S rRNA genes, and described its morphology to determine the larval stage. We further discuss the potential factors contributing to the delayed detection of this species.
Maternal input, not transient elevated depression and anxiety symptoms, predicts 2-year-olds’ vocabulary development
Authors: Xu Rattanasone Nan , Brookman Ruth , Kalashnikova Marina , Grant Kerry-Ann , Burnham Denis , Demuth Katherine
Published: December 2024

Both the quantity and quality of the maternal language input are important for early language development. However, depression and anxiety can negatively impact mothers’ engagement with their infants and their infants’ expressive language abilities. Australian mother-infant dyads (N = 30) participated in a longitudinal study examining the effect of maternal language input when infants were 24 and 30 months and maternal depression and anxiety symptoms on vocabulary size. Half the mothers had elevated depression and anxiety symptoms during at least one point in the study (at 6, 12, 18, 24, or 30 months). The results showed that only maternal input measures (word tokens, types, and mean length of utterance) predicted vocabulary size. While no evidence was found that brief periods of maternal depression and anxiety negatively impacted early vocabulary development, the findings highlight the critical importance and possible mitigating effects of maintaining good quality mother–infant interactions during early development.
Emerging trends: evaluating general purpose foundation models
Authors: Church Kenneth Ward , Alonso Omar
Published: December 2024

We suggest that foundation models are general purpose solutions similar to general purpose programmable microprocessors, where fine-tuning and prompt-engineering are analogous to coding for microprocessors. Evaluating general purpose solutions is not like hypothesis testing. We want to know how well the machine will perform on an unknown program with unknown inputs for unknown users with unknown budgets and unknown utility functions. This paper is based on an invited talk by John Mashey, “Lessons from SPEC,” at an ACL-2021 workshop on benchmarking. Mashey started by describing Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation (SPEC), a benchmark that has had more impact than benchmarks in our field because SPEC addresses an import commercial question: which CPU should I buy? In addition, SPEC can be interpreted to show that CPUs are 50,000 faster than they were 40 years ago. It is remarkable that we can make such statements without specifying the program, users, task, dataset, etc. It would be desirable to make quantitative statements about improvements of general purpose foundation models over years/decades without specifying tasks, datasets, use cases, etc.
Characterising the extent and nature of digital food and beverage marketing in Singapore: a descriptive study
Authors: Chua Xin Hui , Whitton Clare , Vandevijvere Stefanie , Kelly Bridget , van Dam Rob M , Rebello Salome A
Published: December 2024

Objective:

To characterise the nature of digital food and beverage advertising in Singapore.

Setting:

Food and beverage advertisements within twenty clicks on the top twelve non-food websites and all posts on the Facebook and Instagram pages of fifteen major food companies in Singapore were sampled from 1 January to 30 June 2018.

Design:

Advertised foods were classified as being core (healthier), non-core or mixed dishes (e.g. burger) using the WHO nutrient profile model and national guidelines. Marketing techniques were assessed using published coding frameworks.

Participants:

NA

Results:

Advertisements (n 117) on the twelve non-food websites were largely presented as editorial content. Food companies posted twice weekly on average on social media sites (n 1261), with eatery chains posting most frequently and generating the largest amount of likes and shares. Key marketing techniques emphasised non-health attributes, for example, hedonic or convenience attributes (85 % of advertisements). Only a minority of foods and beverages advertised were core foods (non-food website: 16·2 %; social media: 13·5 %).

Conclusions:

Top food and beverage companies in Singapore actively use social media as a platform for promotion with a complex array of marketing techniques. A vast majority of these posts were unhealthy highlighting an urgent need to consider regulating digital food and beverage advertising in Singapore.
Walk the green talk? A textual analysis of pension funds' disclosures of sustainable investing
Authors: Bauer Rob , Broeders Dirk , van Ool Annick
Published: December 2024

We analyze the disclosures of sustainable investing by Dutch pension funds in their annual reports by introducing a novel textual analysis approach using state-of-the-art natural language processing techniques to measure the awareness and implementation of sustainable investing. We find that a pension fund's size increases both the awareness and implementation of sustainable investing. Moreover, we analyze the role of signing a sustainable investment initiative. Although signing this initiative increases the specificity of pension fund statements about sustainable investing, we do not find an effect on the implementation of sustainable investing.
The incidence of Social Security taxes on teacher wages and employment
Authors: Kim Dongwoo , Koedel Cory , Gorina Eugenia , Harrington James
Published: December 2024

We study the incidence of Social Security taxes on teacher wages and employment. On average, we estimate teachers with Social Security coverage take home 9.6 percent less in wages than observationally similar teachers in similar districts without Social Security coverage. This accounts for about three-fourths of the 12.4-percent total Social Security tax. Moreover, our analysis suggests this is likely a lower-bound estimate of the true incidence of Social Security taxes – under reasonable assumptions, we cannot rule out full (100%) tax incidence on teacher wages. We find no evidence of tax incidence on teacher staffing levels.
US public opinion about interior border checkpoints and health care access for undocumented immigrants
Authors: Crudo Blackburn Christine , Haeder Simon F.
Published: December 2024

Legal status is an important social determinant of health. Immigration enforcement policies may be an important contributor to health disparities in the form of interior border checkpoints (IBCs). These checkpoints may prevent immigrants and their families from seeking needed medical care. Currently, we do not know how these barriers are perceived by the public. We administered a survey of 6,178 respondents from 13 November to 19 November of 2023 that contained a survey experiment to assess public attitudes on the issue. Respondents were generally not supportive of detaining individuals at IBCs or medical facilities for emergencies regardless of characteristics of the care-seeking individual. A majority was supportive of detention when medical treatment was complete. Respondents were generally more sympathetic towards children and pregnant women. Partisanship and sympathy expressed towards immigrants influenced attitudes towards detention. Findings based on race and ethnicity showed inconsistencies. A majority of Americans did not believe that IBCs should impede undocumented immigrants from accessing medical care, especially in emergency situations and for children and pregnant women. Our findings indicate that there is broad public support for expanding existing policies to allow for undocumented individuals to pass through IBCs to access medical care.
Vetoes, deadlock and deliberative umpiring: Toward a proportionality doctrine for power-sharing constitutions
Authors: Levy Ron , O’Flynn Ian
Published: December 2024

This article addresses power-sharing constitutions that include powers of veto wielded by discrete ethnonational groups. Such constitutional arrangements – seen, for example, in Northern Ireland and Bosnia – have often prompted severe deadlock, a problem that in turn threatens democratic functioning and raises the risk of renewed communal violence. We consider the use of ‘umpires’ of power-sharing constitutional systems to vet the use of vetoes and (potentially) to prevent their overuse or misuse. Power-sharing umpires are not uncommon in practice. However, as yet there is little scholarship evaluating how, in substance, power-sharing veto umpires should approach their task. Relying on deliberative democracy theory, the article outlines three forms of ‘deliberative agreement’ that, in principle, deeply divided groups may reach in the course of policymaking. It goes on to explain how existing proportionality doctrines drawn from federalism and rights cases can be imported into the power-sharing context to ‘scaffold’ these broad ideals. This approach, it is argued, may provide a more detailed, coherent and practically workable approach to umpiring power-sharing constitutions.
Unveiling the Multidimensional Nature of the Intention–Behavior Gap
Authors: Jekauc Darko , Voelkle Manuel C. , Giurgiu Marco , Nigg Claudio R.
Published: December 2024

Abstract: The intention-behavior gap (IBG) is a central challenge in health psychology, with significant implications for behavior change and health promotion. Prevailing approaches to IBG assessment involve quantifying it as either the proportion of unexplained variance in behavior attributable to intention or the ratio of unsuccessful intenders to all intenders. While these concepts provide insight into IBG variation at the between-person level, the major part of the variation of intentions and behaviors is at the within-person level. This paper addresses these limitations by introducing a novel framework, in which the IBG is mathematically conceptualized as a multidimensional difference between an individual’s behavioral intention and the individual’s subsequent observed behavior. Key tenets of this framework include: (1) Recognizing the dynamic nature of intentions as a fundamental driver of IBG, with the timing of intention measurement playing a crucial role in predicting behavior. (2) Highlighting the importance of within-person factors and contextual intricacies in influencing the translation of intentions into behavior. (3) Emphasizing the need for intensive longitudinal data with frequent measurements within individuals to capture the dynamic intention-behavior relation in daily life. This framework also highlights implications for study designs, theory, and interventions in health psychology and offers promising avenues for reducing the IBG and improving health behavior outcomes.
Improving GCM‐Based Decadal Ocean Carbon Flux Predictions Using Observationally‐Constrained Statistical Models
Authors: Gooya P. , Swart N. C. , Landschützer P.
Published: December 2024

An essential step toward meeting agreed climate targets and policies is the ability to understand and predict near‐term changes in global carbon cycle, and importantly, ocean carbon uptake. Initialized climate model simulations have proven skillful for near‐term predictability of the key physical climate variables, for example, temperature, precipitation, etc. By comparison, predictions of biogeochemical fields like ocean carbon flux, are still emerging. Initial studies indicate skillful predictions are possible for lead‐times up to 6 years at global scale for some CMIP6 models. However, unlike core physical variables, biogeochemical variables are not directly initialized in existing decadal prediction systems, and extensive empirical parametrization of ocean‐biogeochemistry in Earth System Models introduces a significant source of uncertainty. Here we propose a new approach for improving the skill of decadal ocean carbon flux predictions using observationally‐constrained statistical models, as alternatives to the ocean‐biogeochemistry models. We use observations to train multi‐linear and neural‐network models to predict the ocean carbon flux. To account for observational uncertainties, we train using six different observational estimates of the flux. We then apply these trained statistical models using input predictors from the Canadian Earth System Model (CanESM5) decadal prediction system to produce new decadal predictions. Our hybrid GCM‐statistical approach significantly improves prediction skill, relative to the raw CanESM5 hindcast predictions over 1990–2019. Our hybrid‐model skill is also larger than that obtained by any available CMIP6 model. Using bias‐corrected CanESM5 predictors, we make forecasts for ocean carbon flux over 2020–2029. Both statistical models predict increases in the ocean carbon flux larger than the changes predicted from CanESM5 forecasts. Our work highlights the ability to improve decadal ocean carbon flux predictions by using observationally‐trained statistical models together with robust input predictors from GCM‐based decadal predictions.
Climate Warming Will Exacerbate Unequal Exposure to Compound Flood‐Heatwave Extremes
Authors: Zhao Qikang , Gao Liang , Meng Qingyan , Zhu Mingming
Published: December 2024

Compound flood‐heatwave extremes (CFHWs) have threatened the sustainable development of human society and ecosystems. However, the disproportionate risks in regions with different economic development under a warming climate have not been quantified. This study carries out a global investigation on the future CFHWs under three scenarios based on 11 models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). Results reveal a 7.5‐fold increase in global annual CFHW days by 2100 under the intermediate greenhouse‐gas‐emission scenario SSP2‐4.5 compared to that in 1980. Under SSP2‐4.5, population exposure in low‐income countries in the late future (2071–2090) will be about 9‐fold higher than in high‐income countries compared to baseline period (1995–2014). Moreover, exposure of the poor groups living on less than $6.85/day will increase by nearly 28.1‐fold. Eastern Africa and South Asia are identified as particularly high‐risk regions, where large populations living in poverty face rapidly increasing CFHWs. These findings indicate that climate inequality will become more pronounced if climate warming continues without immediate effective measures. Our study also underscores the urgent need for mitigation and adaptation strategies against the future increasing CFHWs, especially for the vast low‐income and high‐risk regions.
Ground‐Truth Validation of T2 ${T}_{2}$ Estimates From Steady‐State Surface NMR
Authors: Griffiths Matthew P. , Grombacher Denys , Mashhadi Seyyed Reza , Larsen Jakob Juul
Published: December 2024

Steady‐state sequences are a new protocol for surface nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), that can yield high quality data in a short time. In addition to faster acquisition, steady‐state surface NMR purports to measure the transverse relaxation time , which is correlated with hydrogeological parameters like pore‐size. This is in contrast to the effective transverse relaxation time associated with standard single pulse measurements, which may or may not be correlated with pore‐size. While previous studies suggest that steady‐state measurements have enhanced sensitivity to , a ground‐truth validation has not yet been done. We compare steady‐state surface NMR results against borehole NMR logs at four locations. For relaxation regimes of  > 10 ms, profiles from steady‐state data are in excellent agreement with borehole measurements, provided the assumption of homogeneous horizontal layers is valid. Even in more complex geological environments, steady‐state surface NMR delivers representative estimates of .
Transient Deformation in the Tatun Volcano Group, Taiwan: A Spatiotemporal GPS Analysis
Authors: Huang Yi‐Sheng , Chang Wu‐Lung , Pu Hsin‐Chieh , Chiu Chi‐Yu , Lai Ya‐Chuan , Shih Min‐Hung
Published: December 2024

This study analyzed time series data from six GPS stations within the Tatun Volcano Group (TVG), a long‐dormant volcanic system in northern Taiwan, using multichannel singular spectrum analysis to search for potential spatiotemporally correlated transient deformations. A notable cycle of transient deformation was identified from 2015 to 2020, characterized by ground subsidence and uplift of up to 10 mm, accompanied by asymmetric horizontal motions directed inward and outward toward Dayoukeng, the largest fumarole and hydrothermal area in TVG. Evidence from earthquake focal mechanisms and gas composition, along with preliminary source modeling, suggest that these transient phases were likely caused by the pressure change of shallow hydrothermal systems beneath Dayoukeng. Further analysis of time series data from three long‐operating GPS stations revealed similar patterns of transient motion in the area from 2006 to 2015, indicating that TVG has experienced cyclical deformation, akin to many other volcanic systems worldwide.
Assessing the Impacts of Assimilating GOLD Disk O/N2 Observations on the Thermosphere‐Ionosphere System
Authors: Laskar F. I. , Pedatella N. M. , Codrescu M. V. , Eastes R. W. , Anderson J. L.
Published: December 2024

The Global‐scale Observations of Limb and Disk (GOLD) imagers scan the Earth's Thermosphere‐Ionosphere (TI) in the far ultraviolet wavelengths. Measurements from GOLD daylit spectrum are used to retrieve the column integrated atomic oxygen to molecular nitrogen density ratio (O/N2) over about one fourth of the globe. The present investigation assesses the impact of assimilating GOLD disk O/N2 on the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere‐ionosphere eXtension (WACCMX) using the Data Assimilation Research Testbed (DART) ensemble adjustment Kalman filter. Two Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) are performed, and improvements are quantified by calculating root mean square error (RMSE) and bias with respect to a truth run. In addition to solar and geomagnetic forcing, we introduced gravity wave forcing perturbations to increase the ensemble spread, which has not previously been applied in ensemble assimilation. One of the OSSEs assimilates only the lower atmosphere (LA, 100 km) observations, referred to as LA experiment, and the second assimilates GOLD O/N2 and LA observations, referred to as Whole Atmosphere (WA) experiment. The WA‐analysis O/N2 RMSE and bias are about 60% and 87% better compared to LA‐analysis. Also, the O/N2 RMSE and bias for the WA‐analysis are about 23% and 54% better compared to WA 1‐hr forecasts. The improvement in WA electron column density (ECD), a model equivalent of Total Electron Content (TEC), is about 24% compared to the LA experiment. These results demonstrate that the assimilation of GOLD O/N2 improves both the thermosphere and ionosphere in a whole atmosphere data assimilation system.
Religious and Spiritual Experiences of Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Youth
Authors: Mohr October , Chiaramonte Danielle , Olezeski Christy L.
Published: December 2024

Objective: Research concerning the relationship between transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) youth and religion and spirituality is sparse with mixed findings. The research that has been done focuses on spirituality and religion as both a source of joy and a stressor for TGNC youth. Method: The current study uses qualitative data collected from 141 TGNC youth and 103 caregivers to capture the experiences of TGNC youth and their families in relation to their spiritual and religious communities and commitments. Results: Findings revealed the majority of TGNC youth reported having a religious or spiritual affiliation. Approximately one-third of youth responses discussed their affiliations positively with many feeling affirmed in their place of worship. Two-thirds of respondents reported neutral or negative experiences related to their affiliation. The majority of youth and guardian dyads reported alignment in their religious or spiritual affiliation. Conclusions: This study is the first to showcase TGNC youth and their guardians’ views about religious and spiritual affiliation. Findings highlight the need for religious/spiritual interventions and programming such as chaplaincy as a part of an interdisciplinary care team and revised intake questions that seek to understand both the spiritual and religious elements of patients’ lives.

Implications for Impact Statement

Religious and spirituality among transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) youth may be an important point of intervention for youth and families. Cross-disciplinary interventions and programming, such as chaplaincy, affirming religious communities, interdisciplinary clinics, and specific inquiry about religious and spiritual beliefs may help to support TGNC youth and their families.
Training-Clinician Perspectives: Religion, Spirituality, and Meaning-Making in Pediatric Psychology Training
Authors: Catlin Perry A. , Quiñones Rebecca , Fisher Rachel S. , Blakey Ariel O. , Flagg Amanda M. , Dimentstein Karen , Sereno Isabella , Kelleher Jennifer , Choate Ellison S. , Ahmed Annisa M.
Published: December 2024

Objective: Reflect and comment on the inclusion of religion, spirituality, and other sources of meaning-making (RSM) within the context of pediatric psychology training. Method: This invited commentary is the collective effort of a diverse workgroup of trainees from clinical and counseling psychology disciplines, who came together to reflect on our experiences with RSM in the training context and review related literature. A brief Qualtrics survey was utilized to gather background information about the authors for the positionality statement; no other analytic methods were employed. Results: RSM is an aspect of the human experience that must be considered in all realms of clinical work to ensure comprehensive and equitable care. Mental health providers are uniquely positioned to assess for and integrate RSM into all aspects of mental health care (e.g., assessment of presenting concerns, treatment planning, tailoring interventions). Spirituality and connectedness are psychologically grounded concepts that can be leveraged clinically to foster rapport and a sense of belonging, problem-solve collaboratively, and encourage meaningful behavior change by establishing and working toward goals and values. Despite the importance of considering RSM in clinical contexts, limited guidance, training, and coursework exists to facilitate the incorporation of RSM into clinical practice. Conclusion: Implementation of the outlined recommendations may be instrumental in mitigating the systemic challenges and barriers to incorporating RSM into clinical training and practice.

Implications for Impact Statement

This commentary emphasizes the importance of integrating religion, spirituality, and meaning-making into pediatric psychology training to provide comprehensive and equitable care. It recognizes that mental health providers are uniquely positioned to assess for and integrate these elements into their practice, which can strengthen the therapeutic relationship and promote coping and adjustment among patients and families. The article provides recommendations to overcome current challenges in including these vital aspects in clinical education and practice.
Intersections of Religion, Faith, Spirituality, and Pediatric Psychology: Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Burton E. Thomaseo , Kaufman Caroline C.
Published: December 2024

Objective: As psychologists continue to expand our understanding and appreciation for how multiple aspects of identity are associated with pediatric health, it is critical to examine the intersections of these various identities. Pediatric psychologists are experts in collaborating with interdisciplinary colleagues (including chaplains, clergy, and spiritual counselors) to support patients and families as they cope with adversity and find meaning in pediatric illness. Similarly, pediatric psychologists are advocates for inclusion, which may entail cultural adaptation of evidence-based protocols, facilitating understanding within medical teams, and navigating relationships with community supports. The last few years have also highlighted the importance of balance, wellness, self-care, and coping for health care providers, including pediatric psychologists. Method: This special issue sought regular empirical articles, topical and systematic reviews, commentaries, case studies, and provider perspectives showcasing clinical practice innovations and novel research on the intersecting roles of religion, faith, and spirituality in pediatric psychology. Results: The special issue includes 11 articles, encompassing topical reviews, qualitative and quantitative research, a commentary, and a bioethics-based case series. Many articles include actionable recommendations for addressing religion, faith, and spirituality in pediatric psychology. Conclusion: This collection of articles highlights important ways in which religion, faith, and spirituality have been integrated into pediatric psychology practice and research, and illuminates multiple future pathways for increased integration of this important aspect of identity.

Implications for Impact Statement

This special issue aims to highlight the role of religion, faith, and spirituality in clinical care, research, and advocacy within the field of pediatric psychology. Increased integration of these factors is key to enhancing our understanding and appreciation of diversity, equity, and inclusion.
Bi-allelic MYMX variants cause a syndromic congenital myopathy with recognizable facial palsy, growth restriction, and dysmorphism
Authors: Rahman Fatima , Marsili Luisa , Pasquetti Domizia , Rad Aboulfazl , Nadeem Anjum Muhammad , Oprea Gabriela , Cheema Huma Arshad , Vona Barbara , Augusto Alves Cesar , Houlden Henry , Maqbool Shazia , Efthymiou Stephanie , Smol Thomas , Maroofian Reza
Published: December 2024

Myogenic fusion, primarily regulated by the Myomaker and Myomixer proteins, is essential for skeletal muscle development, yet its mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study presents the clinical and molecular details of the third and fourth reported patients with biallelic variants in MYMX, the gene that encodes Myomixer. We identified a homozygous truncating variant [c.107 T > A (p.Leu36Ter)] and a homozygous stop-codon loss variant [c.255 A > G (p.Ter85TrpextTer41)] in MYMX, both associated with a complex neuromuscular syndrome characterized by generalized hypotonia, congenital myopathy, facial nerve palsy, growth restriction and facial dysmorphism. Additional variable features include hearing loss (confirmed in one patient, suspected in the other), scoliosis, joint contractures, cleft palate, hypoglossia, potentially contributing to Pierre Robin sequence, and abnormalities on neuroimaging studies including cerebellar atrophy and Chiari 1 deformity. Comparative analysis of patients with pathogenic variants in MYMK and MYMX, including our cases, reveals largely overlapping phenotypes, underscoring their synergistic role in myofiber formation and implicating their involvement in the etiology of neuromuscular conditions.
African ancestry neurodegeneration risk variant disrupts an intronic branchpoint in GBA1
Authors: Álvarez Jerez Pilar , Wild Crea Peter , Ramos Daniel M. , Gustavsson Emil K. , Radefeldt Mandy , Damianov Andrey , Makarious Mary B. , Ojo Oluwadamilola O. , Billingsley Kimberley J. , Malik Laksh , Daida Kensuke , Bromberek Sarah , Hu Fangle , Schneider Zachary , Surapaneni Aditya L. , Stadler Julia , Rizig Mie , Morris Huw R. , Pantazis Caroline B. , Leonard Hampton L. , Screven Laurel , Qi Yue A. , Nalls Mike A. , Bandres-Ciga Sara , Hardy John , Houlden Henry , Eng Celeste , Burchard Esteban González , Kachuri Linda , Lin Chia-Ho , Black Douglas L. ,   Global Parkinson’s Genetics Program (GP2), Nalls Mike A. , Singleton Andrew B. , Fischer Steffen , Bauer Peter , Reed Xylena , Ryten Mina , Beetz Christian , Ward Michael , Okubadejo Njideka U. , Blauwendraat Cornelis
Published: December 2024

Recently, an African ancestry-specific Parkinson disease (PD) risk signal was identified at the gene encoding glucocerebrosidase (GBA1). This variant (rs3115534-G) is carried by ~50% of West African PD cases and imparts a dose-dependent increase in risk for disease. The risk variant has varied frequencies across African ancestry groups but is almost absent in European and Asian ancestry populations. GBA1 is a gene of high clinical and therapeutic interest. Damaging biallelic protein-coding variants cause Gaucher disease and monoallelic variants confer risk for PD and dementia with Lewy bodies, likely by reducing the function of glucocerebrosidase. Interestingly, the African ancestry-specific GBA1 risk variant is a noncoding variant, suggesting a different mechanism of action. Using full-length RNA transcript sequencing, we identified partial intron 8 expression in risk variant carriers (G) but not in nonvariant carriers (T). Antibodies targeting the N terminus of glucocerebrosidase showed that this intron-retained isoform is likely not protein coding and subsequent proteomics did not identify a shorter protein isoform, suggesting that the disease mechanism is RNA based. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats editing of the reported index variant (rs3115534) revealed that this is the sequence alteration responsible for driving the production of these transcripts containing intron 8. Follow-up analysis of this variant showed that it is in a key intronic branchpoint sequence and, therefore, has important implications in splicing and disease. In addition, when measuring glucocerebrosidase activity, we identified a dose-dependent reduction in risk variant carriers. Overall, we report the functional effect of a GBA1 noncoding risk variant, which acts by interfering with the splicing of functional GBA1 transcripts, resulting in reduced protein levels and reduced glucocerebrosidase activity. This understanding reveals a potential therapeutic target in an underserved and underrepresented population.
Advancing lithium-ion battery performance with heteroatom-based anode architectures for fast charging and high capacity
Authors: Patnaik Kottisa Sumala , Mantripragada Bharat Srimitra , Punyasloka Saibrata , Matsumi Noriyoshi
Published: December 2024

This feature article explores alternative solutions to address the current challenges of using graphite in fast-charging and silicon in high-energy applications with a special focus on hard carbons as efficient solutions for fast charging.
Synergistic photocatalysis enables aerobic oxo-hydrazination of α-diazoacetates with azobenzenes
Authors: Yang Jingya , Wang Shengyu , Han Yating , Dong Qi , Ma Wantong , Zhou Hongyan
Published: December 2024

A synergistic photocatalytic strategy has been developed to achieve the previously unreported oxo-hydrazination of α-diazoacetates with azobenzenes.
Three-phase reversible mechanochemical interconversion of hydrogen-bonded melamine : barbiturate co-crystals: from rosette to linear tape polymorphs
Authors: Martins Inês C. B. , Belenguer Ana M. , Lampronti Giulio I. , Motloch Petr
Published: December 2024

This work is the experimental proof that full reversibility between three phases under milling conditions is a general phenomenon.
Evaluation of hydrogen storage in sandstone reservoirs using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Dang Son T. , Mamoudou Sidi , Rai Chandra S. , Ho Tuan A.
Published: December 2024

Nuclear magnetic resonance is a reliable tool for investigating H2 behavior in sandstones under varying water saturations.
Electronic structures of blue copper centers of amicyanin and azurin in the solution state
Authors: Izumi Yudai , Ugalino Ralph , Miyawaki Jun , Shibazaki Chie , Adachi Motoyasu , Kurahashi Naoya , Kiuchi Hisao , Harada Yoshihisa , Fujii Kentaro
Published: December 2024

Cu L3-edge XANES spectra of blue copper proteins, amicyanin and azurin, in the solution state were measured. These show that the copper–ligand bonds in amicyanin have lower covalency than those in azurin.
Correction: Construction of efficient Pb(ii) carboxylate catalysts for the oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions
Authors: Janak  , Sapner Vijay S. , Sathe Bhaskar R. , Khullar Sadhika
Published: December 2024

Correction for ‘Construction of efficient Pb(ii) carboxylate catalysts for the oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions’ by Janak et al., Dalton Trans., 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/d4dt02958e.
Synergic effect of a MoS2–V2O5 heterostructure as an advanced catalyst for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue
Authors: Nadeem Muhammad Tariq , Aqeel Rimsha , Zafar Amina , Nisar Amjad , Iftikhar Khan Muhammad , Ahmad Mashkoor
Published: December 2024

The MoS2–V2O5 hetero-structure exhibits superior photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue due to the synergy as well as strong electronic interaction  between MoS2 and V2O5 structures.
Strategic design of emerging (K,Na)NbO3-based perovskites for high-performance piezocatalysis and photo-piezocatalysis
Authors: Park Seonhwa , Jeong Hui Yong , Kim Seokhwan , Peddigari Mahesh , Hwang Geon-Tae , Moon Geon Dae , Roh Jong Wook , Min Yuho
Published: December 2024

This comprehensive review of (K,Na)NbO3-based perovskites explores design strategies, mechanisms, and applications in piezocatalysis and photo-piezocatalysis for sustainable environmental and energy solutions.
Asymmetric synthesis of spiro[oxindole-3,2′-pyrrolidine]s through organocatalytic 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition via cycloreversion of precursor isatinimine homodimers
Authors: Liu Qian , Yoshikawa Isao , Okuyama Kohsaku , Kudo Kazuaki
Published: December 2024

Spiro[oxindole-3,2′-pyrrolidine]s were obtained in a highly diastereo- and enantioselective manner by organocatalytic 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition via cycloreversion of precursor isatinimine homodimers.
Comparative optical thermometry analysis using Na2SrP2O7:Er3+/Yb3+ phosphors: evaluation of LIRTCL and LIRNTCL methods for high-resolution temperature sensing
Authors: Fhoula Mouna , Khitouni Mohamed , Dammak Mohamed
Published: December 2024

Optical thermometry is a valuable non-contact technique for temperature measurement, especially in environments where traditional methods are impractical.
Correction and removal of expression of concern: Enhancement of anti-leukemic potential of 2-hydroxyphenyl-azo-2′-naphthol (HPAN) on MOLT-4 cells through conjugation with Cu(ii)
Authors: Deb Tathagata , Gopal Priya Kalyan , Ganguly Durba , Das Piyal , Paul Mausumi , Saha Manju Bikash , Paul Santanu , Das Saurabh
Published: December 2024

Correction and removal of expression of concern for ‘Enhancement of anti-leukemic potential of 2-hydroxyphenyl-azo-2′-naphthol (HPAN) on MOLT-4 cells through conjugation with Cu(ii)’ by Tathagata Deb et al., RSC Adv., 2014, 4, 18419–18430, https://doi.org/10.1039/C3RA44765K.
Phosphite mediated molecular editing via switch to meta-C–H alkylation of isoquinolines: emergence of a distinct photochemical [1,3] N to C rearrangement
Authors: Rani Soniya , Ray Anuj Kumar , Dewangan Devendra Kumar , Patil Nita Aruna Ramchandra , Aarthika M , Paul Ankan , Maity Pradip
Published: December 2024

A phosphite-mediated photochemical [1,3] alkyl migration from N-alkyl isoquinolinium salt led to its meta-C–H alkylation. Subsequent N-functionalization and tuning of migration protocol allow regioselective double C–H functionalization.
Substrate specificity in decarboxylation of mixtures of acetate and propionate using oxidized Pt electrodes and galvanic square-wave pulsed electrolysis
Authors: Olde Nordkamp Margot , Ashraf Talal , Mul Guido , Mei Bastian Timo
Published: December 2024

The selective decarboxylation of short-chain carboxylic acids into fuels and chemical feedstocks can be accomplished via galvanic square-wave pulse electrolysis.
A bifunctional self-powered electrochromic and thermochromic smart window with enhanced privacy protection ability
Authors: Yong Wanxiong , Liu Weining , Xin Xiaoying , Fu Guodong
Published: December 2024

A bifunctional self-powered chromic smart window can achieve four distinct states: a highly transparent state, a milky white state (thermochromic), a blue color state (electrochromic), and a nontransparent state (the dual-color private state).
Highly stable organic solar cells with robust interface using fullerenol as molecular linker
Authors: Chen Guan-Lin , Wang Shih-Hao , Tseng Kai-Wei , Huang Ching-I , Wang Leeyih
Published: December 2024

Fullerenol (C60(OH)x) serves as an interfacial molecular linker, forming hydrogen bonds with ZnO (O–H⋯O) and Y6 (O–H⋯F), establishing a robust interface that substantially boosts the stability of organic solar cells.
Effective degradation of antibiotics using near-infrared excited nonlinear optical heterojunctions through atomic-level regulation
Authors: Sun Jianzhe , Yu Jiaqi , An Jing , He Minghao , Qu Yang , Wang Guofeng
Published: December 2024

A series of g-C3N4:Tm@Ba4Yb3F17:Tm composite catalysts with infrared light response based on Tm single atoms were constructed for the degradation of antibiotics. The possible mechanisms are discussed by combining multiple characterization techniques.
From experimental studies to computational approaches: recent trends in designing novel therapeutics for amyloidogenesis
Authors: Ghosh Pooja , Kundu Agnibin , Ganguly Debabani
Published: December 2024

This review highlights the integration of various experimental and computational methods to control amyloid aggregation process. We believe that this article will help researchers develop novel therapeutic methods that influence protein aggregation.
Multifunctional piezoelectric PVDF–Ba0.97Sr0.03TiO3 composite films for electrostatic energy storage, bio/force sensing, and optical applications
Authors: Elorika P. , Anwar Sharmistha , Anwar Shahid
Published: December 2024

A PVDF–BST3 polymer–ceramic composite film with recoverable energy storage density, energy harvesting with varying mechanical loads, stability performance over 50 N loading and unloading cycles, and bandgap.
Deciphering carbon–sulfur rotational distribution in a crystalline host for enhanced red persistent organic phosphorescence
Authors: Ueda Sakuya , Fujita Kazuki , Sk Bahadur , Hirata Shuzo
Published: December 2024

A collaborative synthesis and computational approach is used to decipher confined carbon–sulfur rotational distribution in a crystalline host for enhanced red persistent phosphorescence.
Correction: Facile synthesis of silicon quantum dots with photoluminescence in the near-ultraviolet to violet region via wet oxidation
Authors: He Yizhou , Hao Qianxi , Zhang Chi , Wang Qi , Zeng Wenxin , Yu Jiamin , Yang Xue , Li Shaorong , Guo Xiaowei , Lazarouk Serguei K.
Published: December 2024

Correction for ‘Facile synthesis of silicon quantum dots with photoluminescence in the near-ultraviolet to violet region via wet oxidation’ by Yizhou He et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tc02095b.
Augmenting Verb-Naming Therapy With Neuromodulation Decelerates Language Loss in Primary Progressive Aphasia
Authors: Sheppard Shannon M. , Goldberg Emily B. , Sebastian Rajani , Vitti Emilia , Ruch Kristina , Meier Erin L. , Hillis Argye E.
Published: December 2024

Purpose:

The purpose of the study was to evaluate Verb Network Strengthening Treatment (VNeST) paired with the transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the left inferior frontal gyrus, which was compared to VNeST paired with a sham stimulation in primary progressive aphasia (PPA).

Method:

A double-blind, within-subject, sham-controlled crossover design was used. Eight participants with PPA were enrolled. Participants were enrolled in two treatment phases, one with VNeST plus real tDCS and one with VNeST plus sham. Participants received fifteen 1-hr sessions of VNeST in each phase. Linear mixed-effects models were used to compare changes between baseline and two follow-up time points (1 week and 8 weeks posttreatment) in naming trained verbs, untrained verbs, and untrained nouns; sentence production and comprehension; and producing content units and complete utterances in discourse.

Results:

VNeST was effective for significantly improving naming trained verbs and producing more complete utterances in discourse at 1 week posttreatment in both tDCS and sham conditions. A significant tDCS advantage yielded generalization of treatment effects to untrained verbs (at 1 week and 8 weeks posttreatment), sentence production (at 1 week posttreatment), and sentence comprehension (at 8 weeks posttreatment). Untrained verb naming and sentence comprehension declined when VNeST was not augmented with tDCS.

Conclusions:

Our findings provide emerging evidence that VNeST paired with tDCS can improve word finding, and other language abilities, in people with PPA. VNeST without neuromodulation can improve trained verb naming, but untrained verbs will likely decline faster when VNeST is not augmented with tDCS. Future research is required with a larger sample size to continue investigating the potential of treating word finding with VNeST and tDCS in PPA.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27914325