bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF MEMBER CONNECTION MODELING FOR REDUNDANCY ANALYSIS OF TRUSS BRIDGES
Authors: Tajima Keiji , Oka Naoyuki , Uchiyama Kazuaki , Aso Toshihiko
Published: March 2020

To assess critical state of bridges, after-fracture-redundancy plays an important role. Therefore, it is necessary to make a correct prediction of redundancy. However, redundancy from numerical analysis is strongly influenced by various analytical conditions. This study aimed to clarify the influence of member connection modeling and shape of gusset plates on redundancy analysis of truss bridges. Redundancy were computed for three types of analysis model of truss bridge. Model A was a frame model of truss bridge, frame members were connected to each other rigidly as it is. On the other hand, in Model B and Model C, members were connected via gusset plates modeled by shell elements. Gusset plates in model B were rectangle and these of model C had curved shape. Using these three models, redundancies under different analytical condition and different gusset plate shape were compared. From the results of calculation, it was found that bending moment on truss members were strongly influenced by difference of member connection modeling. Computed results also indicated that the influence appears more strongly in damage state than normal state (non-damage state). This result suggested the necessity of accurate modeling of member connection. Furthermore, it was indicated that the redundancy of truss bridges could be improved by change in shape of gusset plates.
EFFECT OF SURFACE ROUGHENING ON CONCRETE/TRM BOND
Authors: Shrestha Kshitij C. , Ebead Usama , Younis Adel
Published: March 2020

Textile reinforced mortar (TRM) is applied on the concrete surface with the aim of strengthening reinforced concrete structures. The performance of the strengthened structural system is directly related to the bond between the existing concrete substrate and the freshly applied TRM layer. This paper presents the results of an experimental study carried out to investigate the significance of concrete surface preparation, performed prior to strengthening, on the bonding behavior of the TRM system. For this purpose, concrete slabs of size (500 mm × 500 mm × 100 mm) were prepared and strengthened using a 10-mm thick TRM layer. After that, the bond performance of the strengthening layer with the concrete slab was assessed using the pull-off test. Three different levels of surface roughening were considered before strengthening: (i) no roughening (regarded as the reference), (ii) low roughening level, and (iii) high roughening level. Two types of textile materials are used in strengthening systems: carbon and polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole (PBO). A total number of 72 pull-off tests were performed, of which the results were analyzed to examine the significance of the test variables. Results revealed that as the concrete surface is more roughened before strengthening, the bond between concrete substrate and TRM layer becomes stronger. Moreover, the PBO-TRM systems exhibit more desirable bonding behavior compared to the carbon-TRM counterpart.
STUDY OF CRITERIA USED TO OBTAIN A SUSTAINABLE BRIDGE
Authors: Penadés Vicent , Yepes Víctor , García-Segura Tatiana , Martí José-Vicente
Published: March 2020

The sustainable development of bridges is mainly based on meeting the three pillars of sustainability (economic, social and environmental factors) which have different goals. Each main criterion groups a large number of subcritera. Therefore, achieve a sustainable bridge is a complicate problem that involves a high number of factors in each stage of bridge life-cycle. For this reason, decision-making is a helpful process to solve the sustainability problem. The objective of this work is to review the bridge life-cycle decision-making problems that involve criteria that represent the pillars of the sustainability. While some works only consider criteria related to one or two of these pillars, the most current works consider criteria that involve all the pillars of sustainability. Furthermore, most of the works reviewed only study one stage of bridge life-cycle. This study shows the criteria used in some revised journal articles in each bridge life-cycle phase and, the multi-attribute decision-making used to achieve the sustainability. In addition, a small explanation of the obtained information will be carried out.
COMPARISON OF BUILDINGS IN ANCIENT TIMES WITH MODERN GREEN BUILDING PRACTICES
Authors: Sayer Elizabeth , Syal M. G. Matt , Berghorn George
Published: March 2020

Since the focus on sustainable development in 1980s, there has been an increased awareness for well-defined green building standards worldwide. Before the advent of much of the modern green construction standards and practices, ancient European buildings had implemented many features that would be considered green today. Ancient European construction used vernacular architectural, which incorporated climate responsive designs and solar architecture. In some instances, ancient building practices have been used to improve modern building materials, such as brick and concrete. These aspects of green buildings in ancient Europe can provide ample opportunity for research today. The goal of this paper is to analyze building designs, materials, and methods used in ancient Europe and compare these practices to current green building guidelines. The scope of this paper includes examining preexisting literature on building practices in Europe before 1800AD and analyzing two case study buildings in light of LEED green building guidelines. Finally, a comparison matrix of green building features, in ancient European buildings and in modern LEED buildings, is developed. It is hoped that such comparison will provide an insight into the relevance of ancient building attributes in modern green building practices.
CERAMIC WASTE POWDER: AN ALTERNATIVE INGREDIENT FOR GREEN CONCRETE
Authors: Aly Sama , Kanaan Dima , El-Dieb Amr , Reda Taha Mahmoud , Abu-Eishah Samir
Published: March 2020

Producing "greener" concrete that meets various construction/industrial needs will have significant positive impacts on both the construction field and the environment. This paper investigates the use of ceramic waste powder (CWP); a waste material from the final polishing process of ceramic tiles, in producing different concrete types; conventional concrete (CV), self-compacting concrete (SCC), and geopolymer concrete. The conducted study highlights the feasibility of using CWP as a cement replacement in producing conventional concrete, as a filler and cement replacement in making SCC, and as a main binder in developing geopolymer concrete. The study signifies the promising opportunities of utilizing CWP as an alternative ingredient in producing green concrete. Different concrete mixtures were prepared and tested for various properties: slump retention for conventional concrete, flowability, passing ability, segregation resistance and viscosity for judging fresh properties of SCC. Strength development for all three concrete types, chloride ion permeability for evaluating the durability characteristics of conventional and SCC, in addition to resistivity test for the produced geopolymer. Results indicated that CWP can be used 10-30% as partial replacement of cement in CV, and 40% in SCC for producing concrete with acceptable fresh and hardened properties. While for the geopolymer a main conclusion was the use of alkali activating solutions with a concentration of 12M to obtain compressive strength for structural applications.
DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL PARTS BY USING MODERN SIMULATION PROCEDURES
Authors: Harl Boštjan , Predan Jožef , Kegl Marko , Dinevski Dejan
Published: March 2020

This paper discusses modern simulation procedures used in design of structural load-carrying parts that are based on the Finite Element Method. The specific focus of the paper is the topology optimization usage within the context of two currently very interesting topics: configuration and optimization of lattice structures and modern additive manufacturing technologies. Both types of structures are presented together with their limits as well as their potentials for optimization. The discussion is illustrated by two numerical examples and experimentally obtained results. In the examples, a simple beam with three points load is optimized regarding to the different topology setups. The stress fields for different loaded optimized versions of structures are presented and the solutions are discussed and compared to the results of the experiment. A standalone topology optimization software CAESS ProTOp is used for the domain configuration and topology optimization in both examples.
IMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY, WORKFLOW MANAGEMENT, AND RESOURCE UTILIZATION IN PRECAST CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Arashpour Mehrdad , Too Eric , Le Tiendung
Published: March 2020

Construction industry has long dealt with problems such as low productivity, unstable workflow in projects and low utilization rate of resources. Off-site construction, which is a hybrid of mass manufacturing and construction, has significant potential to address aforementioned problems. In order to realize this potential, off-site construction needs to avoid replicating the traditional subcontracting approach and therefore fragmented practice in the construction industry. The current research focuses on restructuring the interaction of resources by using cross-training. Findings show that cross-training resources results in transferring excess capacity from underutilized to over utilized resources in direct or indirect pathways. Such initiatives can significantly improve productivity, workflow management and resource utilization in precast construction that highly specialized resources are not required. The study contributes to the construction management literature by providing insight into dynamics of using multiskilled resources in off-site construction.
ANALYZING DATABASES IN THE TAIWAN BRIDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM USING BIG DATA APPROACHES
Authors: Chuang Yu-Han , Yau Nie-Jia
Published: March 2020

This paper describes some preliminary results of this research. Before conducting a comprehensive big data analysis of the whole system of Taiwan Bridge Management System (TBMS), a pilot test was performed to explore possible outcomes. A total number of 34,099 records each having 305 fields of 24 bridges in a specific region were analyzed using the famous R software. The resulting correlations between inventory fields and deterioration of bridge components are categorized in three types: explicable, inexplicable, and irrelevant. For those inexplicable correlations, interviews with experts are found necessary in order to explore useful or meaningful maintenance information. Two more similar tests are also being planned for two groups of bridges that are nearby sea or solely in the mountainous area. In addition to the correlation between a specific deterioration and all existing inventory fields, other maintenance information such as frequently maintained components as well as their maintenance frequencies and costs, and other crucial relationships among fields in the TBMS are highly anticipated in this research in order to establish beneficial suggestions to the bridge maintenance strategies in Taiwan.
BIM EXECUTION PROCESS OF CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES FOR BUILDING PROJECTS
Authors: Gercek Bilge , Tokdemir Onur Behzat , Ilal Mustafa Emre , Gunaydin Husnu Murat
Published: March 2020

Building Information Modeling (BIM) has been an emerging concept in architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry with a vast amount of promising benefits to construction projects. Implementation of BIM, however, requires comprehensive research and strategic planning. Industry-wide and organizational implementation guidelines and standards have been published around the world either to encourage organizations to adopt BIM or to present the minimum requirements to be followed where BIM implementation is a statutory obligation. In contrast, governments or organizations in several countries such as Turkey have not mandated BIM implementation and provide no guidance. Organizations in these countries which plan to adopt BIM processes are forced to develop their own implementation plans. The purpose of this study is to provide guidance in BIM implementation for construction companies in countries where BIM implementation has not been mandated particularly during the construction phase of the building projects. 23 BIM standards and guidelines covering the BIM execution process have been reviewed. Topics that need to be addressed by BIM implementation plans have been identified and categorized under four headings. A case study of BIM implementation at a large construction company that focuses on conducting quantity takeoff and cost estimation is presented, and unique challenges of BIM implementation in Turkish AEC industry are discussed.
CURRICULUM RENEWAL IN ARCHITECTURE, ENGINEERING, AND CONSTRUCTION EDUCATION: VISUALIZING BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING VIA AUGMENTED REALITY
Authors: Arashpour Mehrdad , Aranda-Mena Guillermo
Published: March 2020

Building information modeling (BIM) has long been utilized in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) education. Learning and teaching (L & T) research has revealed a range of shortcomings in using BIM such as unfamiliarity of students and graduates with real-world field operations and decision making processes. Better visualization of BIM via augmented reality (AR) is an innovative educational approach that can address the aforementioned problems. This paper, proposes AR-powered BIM as a robust platform to be adopted in the AEC education with the aim of improving student experience and learning. After discussing advantages and disadvantages of BIM and AR as two separate platforms, opportunities and challenges to combine the two are investigated. This work contributes to the body of knowledge in the field of AEC education by investigating the dynamics of using AR-powered BIM in curriculum design.
COASTAL PROTECTION OF GOTVAND RESERVOIR DAM: ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY PERFECTION OF SALTY DOMES
Authors: Turk Afshin , Mombeni Bahram , Khodabakhshi Hamidreza , Bahmaei Dariush , Askar Mehdi Behdarvandi , Ghanavatizadeh Shabnam
Published: March 2020

The Gotvand reservoir dam is located at SW of Iran where the Karun River orients from the Zagros Mountains. The nominal volume is 5,500 million cubic meters. It is a rock-fills dam with clay core. The height of crown is about 180 m with 130 m normal water depth. Depth from bottom (0-30 m), the water layer’s electrical conductivity (EC) will be as 150,000 to 85,000 mµ/cm. Also the EC will decrease from depth (85-30 m) corresponding the water layer’s EC between 85,000 to 20,000 µm/cm. Finally, at depth (30-0.0 m) the EC is controlled with values (15,000-1,000 µm/cm). The salty domes will produce unexpected salty sediments into reservoirs. Consulting engineering said that more than 8,000,000 tons of pure salt sediments were interned into the Gotvand Lake reservoir from 2011 through 2015. If this regime of salty material continues, downstream agricultural lands will completely disturb and disuses. Turk salty concrete (SC) could present innovative solution to reduce salty feed in lake. It is based on the chemical reaction of salt-clay-cement that salty volumes could be stabled through special material injection inside the domes. Sliding resistance will be increased by SC injection in the salty dome layers. Finally, the salty sediment should be stabled by SC injection in the old mine Anbal salt dome. SC may be designed to cementize salty domes through powder of bentonite clay, type-II cement, water, and Shushtar ceramic clay.
EVALUATION OF CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING ADMIXTURE ON PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE
Authors: Petrucci Rodolfo De Sá , Hastenpflug Daniel
Published: March 2020

The search of reduction for the permeability of concrete structures, and consequently, increase in the durability of the structural elements has led to develop products for this purpose. One of the options is the use of crystalline waterproofing admixture (CWA). This research evaluated the influence of the use of crystalized admixture for waterproofing on the Portland cement concrete porosity. Water absorption and compressive strength of concretes with crystalline waterproofing admixture at the dosage recommended by the supplier were evaluated and the results were compared with regular concrete, without addition of admixture. The results show a reduction of porosity with reduction of absorption from 3.30% to 0.32% at 56 days of age after specimens molding. A reduction of compressive strength by 7.89% in concrete with admixture was also observed.
Effects of Boerhavia diffusa L. nom. cons. and Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. M. King & H. Rob. extracts on some field insect pests of okra (Aabelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench)
Authors: NNEJI Emmanuel Tochukwu , UDDIN II Robert O. , MUSA Abdulrasak K.
Published: March 2020

A field study was carried out to assess the efficacy of some botanicals in the control of field insect pests in two varieties of okra. Dry leaf extract of Chromolaena odorata (Siam weed) and fresh and dry root extracts of Boerhavia diffusa served as treatments which were compared with Lambda-cyhalothrin and a control. The experiment was fitted into a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data collected were subjected to Spearman’s correlation analysis and a two-way analysis of variance and significant different means were separated using Fishers Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at 5 % level of probability. The results revealed that treated plants generally performed better than the untreated plants as they were taller, had more leaves, branches, wider stem girths and gave higher fruit yield. Fresh root extract of B. diffusa performed better in most parameters measured. A significant positive correlation was observed between insect pest populations, and between growth and yield parameters, while there was a significant negative correlation between overall yield and insect pest population. NHAe 47-4 okra variety performed better than F1-Lucky variety. Fresh root extract of B. diffusa is recommended for management of B. tabaci (Genadius, 1889) and Amrasca biguttula Ishida, 1912 in okra.
Biblioteczna mediacja pod lupą
Authors: Jacek Wojciechowski Jacek Wojciechowski
Published: March 2020

Rola bibliotek w społeczeństwie, pomimo kontynuacji, wymaga nowych przemyśleń. Nie grozi im zanik, ale paninformacjonizm oraz mity automatyzacji i digitalnej hiperświadomości trzeba koniecznie przezwyciężyć. Biblioteczne pośrednictwo w komunikacji jest nadal niezbędne, ale usługi wymagają znacznych udogodnień. Ogólna oferta informacyjna potrzebuje uporządkowania i weryfikacji, a do tego konieczne byłoby powiązanie bibliotek w system. Oczywiście trzeba kontynuować przedsięwzięcia bibliograficzne, tworzyć (w skoordynowaniu) katalogi oraz rozwijać biblioteczne, środowiskowe informacje użytkowe. Oferta elektroniczna to tylko jedno z ogniw informacyjnej transmisji. Biblioteki muszą nadal wspierać instytucjonalne formy edukacji oraz samokształcenie spontaniczne, natomiast odnosząc się ostrożnie do kształcenia zautomatyzowanego. Wsparcie nauki, obok międzybibliotecznej oferty zasobów piśmienniczych, wymaga tworzenia repozytoriów oraz zatrudniania bibliotekarzy dziedzinowych. Finalnym efektem procesów komunikacyjnych powinny być nowe i kreatywne refleksje, wsparte emocjonalnie, czemu sprzyjają zwłaszcza literatura piękna i ogólnie: piśmiennictwo. To zaś wyznacza bibliotekom powinności szczególne. Trzeba też odrzucić uprzedzenia wobec zadań rekreacyjnych, umożliwiających wszak zagospodarowanie czasu wolnego oraz odreagowanie zmęczenia i znużenia: biblioteki mogą i powinny służyć temu także. Jak również możliwie licznie i bogato realizować bezpośrednie programy ponadusługowe, dla wsparcia środowiskowych kontaktów i miejscowych integracji.
Artur Jazdon, Biblioteka Uniwersytecka w Poznaniu 1919–2018. Zasoby. Działania. Ludzie
Authors: Wojciechowski Jacek
Published: March 2020

Recenzja. Artur Jazdon, Biblioteka Uniwersytecka w Poznaniu 1919–2018. Zasoby. Działania. Ludzie, Poznań: Biblioteka Uniwersytecka 2019, s. 771. ISBN 978-83-60961-20-9
Mirosława Malczewska-Kamińska (1942–2018)
Authors: Jazdon Andrzej
Published: March 2020

Wspomnienia. Mirosława Malczewska-Kamińska (1942–2018)
Wspomnienie o Mamie – Barbarze Kunzendorf (1933–2019)
Authors: „Biblioteki” Redakcja
Published: March 2020

Wspomnienie. Wspomnienie o Mamie – Barbarze Kunzendorf (1933–2019)
On the maximum ABC index of bipartite graphs without pendent vertices
Authors: Shao Zehui , Wu Pu , Jiang Huiqin , Sheikholeslami S.M. , Wang Shaohui
Published: March 2020

For a simple graph G, the atom–bond connectivity index (ABC) of G is defined as ABC(G) = $\sum_{uv\in{}E(G)} \sqrt{\frac{d(u)+d(v)-2}{d(u)d(v)}},$where d(v) denotes the degree of vertex v of G. In this paper, we prove that for any bipartite graph G of order n ≥ 6, size 2n − 3 with δ(G) ≥ 2, $ABC(G)\leq{}\sqrt{2}(n-6)+2\sqrt{\frac{3(n-2)}{n-3}}+2,$and we characterize all extreme bipartite graphs.
Use of mathematical models and computer software for analysis of traffic noise
Authors: Fedorko Gabriel , Heinz David , Molnár Vieroslav , Brenner Tomáš
Published: March 2020

Noise measurement and evaluation of the existing noise situation is carried out in the vicinity of selected roads to demonstrate the need for the design of anti-noise measures or to assess the effectiveness of the measures. The selection and number of measuring points, time and intervals, the road noise measurement procedure and the measuring instruments used shall be used in accordance with the provisions of the STN ISO 1996-1 and STN ISO 1996-2 standards. During the measurement, it is also necessary to determine the microclimatic conditions of measurement, such as temperature and relative humidity, wind direction and speed, barometric pressure, duration and intensity of precipitation at the measuring point. The determinant for the definition of road traffic noise is the equivalent sound level A or the equivalent sound level in the third octave bands over a given time interval. In specific cases, it is possible to determine the equivalent sound pressure level from individual vehicle transit.
On the classification of endomorphisms on infinite-dimensional vector spaces
Authors: Pablos Romo Fernando
Published: March 2020

The aim of this work is to offer a new solution to the problem of the classification of endomorphisms with an annihilating polynomial on infinite-dimensional vector spaces. For these endomorphisms we provide a family of invariants that allows us to classify them when the group of automorphisms acts by conjugation. Moreover, the description of a new method to construct Jordan bases is given.
Research on Power Optimization Based on Adaptive Passive Optical Networks
Authors: Li Li , Hong-Jie Li
Published: March 2020

For the commercial wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (WDM-PON) with standard single-mode fiber SSMF-28 and 1:64 passive fiber branching at its far end (RN) and 100 GHz C-band continuous wavelength (CW) lasers, the maximum coverage and optimal transmission power of STM-16 and STM-64 with external modulators at different speeds and wave numbers (4λ, 8λ and 16λ) are obtained, respectively. The performance parameter of the high data rate WDM-PON system is analyzed with respect to a number of channels and reach. In order to improve the network utilization and receiving efficiency, the influence of different channels and transmission distances on the performance of high data rate WDM-PON system is analyzed. Simulation analysis with Optisystem15.0. The maximum transmission power required to achieve the maximum transmission distance under the condition of nonlinear constraints is obtained. In order to save power consumption, the configuration of each multi-band PON is optimized in terms of transmission power. It is found that WDM-PON system has to compromise between aggregated data rate and system reach. Future software defined access network reconfigure the access network depending on the dynamic demand and the resources available. Hence depending on the distance between the optical line terminal (OLT) and optical network unit (ONU) guaranteed data rate can be estimated. ONU is equipped with a tunable optical filter (TOF) hence future wavelength can be reconfigured by both service provider and user. It makes it possible for software to customize optical access network.
Hardy’s inequalities and integral operators on Herz-Morrey spaces
Authors: Yee Tat-Leung , Ho Kwok-Pun
Published: March 2020

We obtain some estimates for the operator norms of the dilation operators on Herz-Morrey spaces. These results give us the Hardy’s inequalities and the mapping properties of the integral operators on Herz-Morrey spaces. As applications of this general result, we have the boundedness of the Hadamard fractional integrals on Herz-Morrey spaces. We also obtain the Hilbert inequality on Herz-Morrey spaces.
Investigation of the fifth Hankel determinant for a family of functions with bounded turnings
Authors: Arif Muhammad , Ullah Inayat , Raza Mohsan , Zaprawa Paweł
Published: March 2020

The main aim of this paper is to study the fifth Hankel determinant for the class of functions with bounded turnings. The results are also investigated for 2-fold symmetric and 4-fold symmetric functions.
Oscillation of second order half-linear neutral differential equations with weaker restrictions on shifted arguments
Authors: Fišnarová Simona , Mařík Robert
Published: March 2020

Neutral differential equations are one of the most important extensions of classical ordinary differential equations and aim to give a better explanation for modeling phenomena where ordinary differential equations are insufficient. Naturally, all the questions studied in the scope of ordinary differential equations attracted the attention also for neutral differential equations. In this paper we study the oscillatory properties of second order half-linear neutral differential equations. We present oscillation criteria derived using a new approach. This approach allows us to reduce common restrictions on the deviations in arguments which are present in the currently known results of this type.
Stabilizing effect of methylcellulose on the dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in cementitious composites
Authors: Du Mingrui , Gao Yuan , Han Guansheng , Li Luan , Jing Hongwen
Published: March 2020

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been added in the plain cementitious materials to manufacture composites with the higher mechanical properties and smart behavior. The uniform distributions of MWCNTs is critical to obtain the desired enhancing effect, which, however, is challenged by the high ionic strength of the cement pore solution. Here, the effects of methylcellulose (MC) on stabilizing the dispersion of MWCNTs in the simulated cement pore solution and the viscosity of MWCNT suspensions werestudied. Further observations on the distributions of MWCNTs in the ternary cementitious composites were conducted. The results showed that MC forms a membranous envelope surrounding MWCNTs, which inhibits the adsorption of cations and maintains the steric repulsion between MWCNTs; thus, the stability of MWCNT dispersion in cement-based composites is improved. MC can also work as a viscosity adjuster that retards the Brownian mobility of MWCNTs, reducing their re-agglomerate within a period. MC with an addition ratio of 0.018 wt.% is suggested to achieve the optimum dispersion stabilizing effect. The findings here provide a way for stabilizing the other dispersed nano-additives in the cementitious composites.
Involvement of green technology in microalgal biodiesel production
Authors: Verma Samakshi , Kuila Arindam
Published: March 2020

According to the report of the renewable energy policy network for the 21st century published in 2014, biodiesel and bioethanol are the most used biofuels and are responsible for transportation worldwide. Biodiesel specially has shown an increase in production globally by 15 times by volume from 2002 to 2012. Promising feedstock of biodiesel are cyanobacteria and microalgae as they possess a shorter cultivation time (4 fold lesser) and high oil content (10 fold higher) than corn, jatropha and soybean (conventional oil-producing territorial plants). Various valuable natural chemicals are also produced from these organisms including food supplements such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), pigments, and vitamins. Additionally, cellular components of microalgae and cyanobacteria are connected with therapeutic characteristics such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral and immune stimulating. Commercialization of algal biodiesel (or other products) can be achieved by isolating and identifying the high-yielding strains that possess a faster growth rate. Indigenous strains can be genetically engineered into high-yielding transgenic strains. The present article discusses about the use of nanotechnology and genetic engineering approach for improved lipid accumulation in microalgae for biodiesel production.
Leadership transformationnel et citoyenneté organisationnelle au sein d’une équipe
Authors: Dussault Marc , Deschênes Andrée-Ann , Émeriau-Farges Clémence
Published: March 2020

Plusieurs facteurs peuvent influencer l’efficacité et la productivité des équipes de travail, dont les comportements de citoyenneté. L’étude porte sur la relation entre le leadership du superviseur et les comportements de citoyenneté des subordonnés dans l’équipe. Les participants sont 288 adultes qui travaillent dans diverses organisations. Les résultats des analyses de régression soutiennent l’idée que le leadership transformationnel est positivement lié aux comportements de citoyenneté dans l’équipe. Le leadership transactionnel et le leadership laisser-faire ne sont pas liés aux comportements de citoyenneté dans l’équipe. Ces résultats tendent à confirmer l’importance du leadership transformationnel du superviseur dans la compréhension du succès des équipes au travail et, par voie de conséquence, des organisations.
Conclusion
Authors: Baron Marie-Pierre , Barry Souleymane
Published: March 2020

Dans ce texte de clôture au numéro thématique, nous donnons suite au premier bilan proposé dans l’article d’introduction, sous forme de prospective, en nous projetant vers l’avenir, avec quelques questions et défis qui nous semblent cruciaux pour consolider et continuer de développer les recherches participatives. Ces défis et questions issus d’une réflexion-bilan, ne correspondent qu’à une partie des nombreuses questions soulevées par les riches contributions réunies dans ce numéro. Nous portons également à l’attention du lecteur le fait que les articles- contributions à ce numéro thématique n’abordent que quelques-unes des nombreuses problématiques et questions qui résultent de toute tentative de bilan (forcément partiel) du désormais très mâture, dynamique et créatif domaine des recherches participatives.
The Effect of Counterfactual Information on Outcome Value Coding in Medial Prefrontal and Cingulate Cortex: From an Absolute to a Relative Neural Code
Authors: Pischedda Doris , Palminteri Stefano , Coricelli Giorgio
Published: March 2020

Adaptive coding of stimuli is well documented in perception, where it supports efficient encoding over a broad range of possible percepts. Recently, a similar neural mechanism has been reported also in value-based decision, where it allows optimal encoding of vast ranges of values in PFC: neuronal response to value depends on the choice context (relative coding), rather than being invariant across contexts (absolute coding). Additionally, value learning is sensitive to the amount of feedback information: providing complete feedback (both obtained and forgone outcomes) instead of partial feedback (only obtained outcome) improves learning. However, it is unclear whether relative coding occurs in all PFC regions and how it is affected by feedback information. We systematically investigated univariate and multivariate feedback encoding in various mPFC regions and compared three modes of neural coding: absolute, partially-adaptive and fully-adaptive.

Twenty-eight human participants (both sexes) performed a learning task while undergoing fMRI scanning. On each trial, they chose between two symbols associated with a certain outcome. Then, the decision outcome was revealed. Notably, in one-half of the trials participants received partial feedback, whereas in the other half they got complete feedback. We used univariate and multivariate analysis to explore value encoding in different feedback conditions.

We found that both obtained and forgone outcomes were encoded in mPFC, but with opposite sign in its ventral and dorsal subdivisions. Moreover, we showed that increasing feedback information induced a switch from absolute to relative coding. Our results suggest that complete feedback information enhances context-dependent outcome encoding.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis study offers a systematic investigation of the effect of the amount of feedback information (partial vs complete) on univariate and multivariate outcome value encoding, within multiple regions in mPFC and cingulate cortex that are critical for value-based decisions and behavioral adaptation. Moreover, we provide the first comparison of three possible models of neural coding (i.e., absolute, partially-adaptive, and fully-adaptive coding) of value signal in these regions, by using commensurable measures of prediction accuracy. Taken together, our results help build a more comprehensive picture of how the human brain encodes and processes outcome value. In particular, our results suggest that simultaneous presentation of obtained and foregone outcomes promotes relative value representation.
Rapid Release of Ca2+from Endoplasmic Reticulum Mediated by Na+/Ca2+Exchange
Authors: Liu Che-Hsiung , Chen Zijing , Oliva Megan K. , Luo Junjie , Collier Simon , Montell Craig , Hardie Roger C.
Published: March 2020

Phototransduction inDrosophilais mediated by phospholipase C (PLC) and Ca2+-permeable TRP channels, but the function of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+stores in this important model for Ca2+signaling remains obscure. We therefore expressed a low affinity Ca2+indicator (ER-GCaMP6-150) in the ER, and measured its fluorescence both in dissociated ommatidia andin vivofrom intact flies of both sexes. Blue excitation light induced a rapid (tau ∼0.8 s), PLC-dependent decrease in fluorescence, representing depletion of ER Ca2+stores, followed by a slower decay, typically reaching ∼50% of initial dark-adapted levels, with significant depletion occurring under natural levels of illumination. The ER stores refilled in the dark within 100–200 s. Both rapid and slow store depletion were largely unaffected in InsP3receptor mutants, but were much reduced intrpmutants. Strikingly, rapid (but not slow) depletion of ER stores was blocked by removing external Na+and in mutants of the Na+/Ca2+exchanger, CalX, which we immuno-localized to ER membranes in addition to its established localization in the plasma membrane. Conversely, overexpression ofcalxgreatly enhanced rapid depletion. These results indicate that rapid store depletion is mediated by Na+/Ca2+exchange across the ER membrane induced by Na+influx via the light-sensitive channels. Although too slow to be involved in channel activation, this Na+/Ca2+exchange-dependent release explains the decades-old observation of a light-induced rise in cytosolic Ca2+in photoreceptors exposed to Ca2+-free solutions.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPhototransduction inDrosophilais mediated by phospholipase C, which activates TRP cation channels by an unknown mechanism. Despite much speculation, it is unknown whether endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+stores play any role. We therefore engineered flies expressing a genetically encoded Ca2+indicator in the photoreceptor ER. Although NCX Na+/Ca2+exchangers are classically believed to operate only at the plasma membrane, we demonstrate a rapid light-induced depletion of ER Ca2+stores mediated by Na+/Ca2+exchange across the ER membrane. This NCX-dependent release was too slow to be involved in channel activation, but explains the decades-old observation of a light-induced rise in cytosolic Ca2+in photoreceptors bathed in Ca2+-free solutions.
A Novel Variation in the FRIZZLE PANICLE (FZP) Gene Promoter Improves Grain Number and Yield in Rice
Authors: Wang Sheng-Shan , Chung Chia-Lin , Chen Kai-Yi , Chen Rong-Kuen
Published: March 2020

Secondary branch number per panicle plays a crucial role in regulating grain number and yield in rice. Here, we report the positional cloning and functional characterization for SECONDARY BRANCH NUMBER7 (qSBN7), a quantitative trait locus affecting secondary branch per panicle and grain number. Our research revealed that the causative variants of qSBN7 are located in the distal promoter region of FRIZZLE PANICLE (FZP), a gene previously associated with the repression of axillary meristem development in rice spikelets. qSBN7 is a novel allele of FZP that causes an ∼56% decrease in its transcriptional level, leading to increased secondary branch and grain number, and reduced grain length. Field evaluations showed that qSBN7 increased grain yield by 10.9% in a temperate japonica variety, TN13, likely due to its positive effect on sink capacity. Our findings suggest that incorporation of qSBN7 can increase yield potential and improve the breeding of elite rice varieties.
Toward an Evolutionarily Appropriate Null Model: Jointly Inferring Demography and Purifying Selection
Authors: Johri Parul , Charlesworth Brian , Jensen Jeffrey D
Published: March 2020

The relative evolutionary roles of adaptive and non-adaptive processes remain a central question in population genetics. Resolution of this debate has been difficult as an appropriate null model incorporating...

The question of the relative evolutionary roles of adaptive and nonadaptive processes has been a central debate in population genetics for nearly a century. While advances have been made in the theoretical development of the underlying models, and statistical methods for estimating their parameters from large-scale genomic data, a framework for an appropriate null model remains elusive. A model incorporating evolutionary processes known to be in constant operation, genetic drift (as modulated by the demographic history of the population) and purifying selection, is lacking. Without such a null model, the role of adaptive processes in shaping within- and between-population variation may not be accurately assessed. Here, we investigate how population size changes and the strength of purifying selection affect patterns of variation at “neutral” sites near functional genomic components. We propose a novel statistical framework for jointly inferring the contribution of the relevant selective and demographic parameters. By means of extensive performance analyses, we quantify the utility of the approach, identify the most important statistics for parameter estimation, and compare the results with existing methods. Finally, we reanalyze genome-wide population-level data from a Zambian population of Drosophila melanogaster, and find that it has experienced a much slower rate of population growth than was inferred when the effects of purifying selection were neglected. Our approach represents an appropriate null model, against which the effects of positive selection can be assessed.
Los fantasmas de la colonialidad en el mundo moderno contemporáneo
Authors: Mejía Navarrete Julio
Published: March 2020

El texto describe el desarrollo de la colonialidad en el mundo moderno contemporáneo, de su lado oscuro. Fantasmas de la colonialidad que anuncian un mundo deshumanizado, futuro marcado por la inferiorización de las mayorías, el advenimiento de un nuevo conflicto xenófobo-racial, la emergencia de fuerzas políticas «populistas» y neofascistas, que envuelven la propagación de un proyecto global de barbarie cultural y de un régimen político segregacionista.
Biblical Motifs and Images in E. I. Kostrov’s Poetry
Authors: Maslova Anna G.
Published: March 2020

The article analyzes the peculiarities of biblical motifs and images in E. I. Kostrov’s works. In his odes the poet often refers to the Old Testament scenes and images through the prism of a Christian aspect. Kostrov considers ancient and the Old Testament subjects in the light of the Christian and Orthodox tradition. The poet attributes a Christian sound to the secular genre of the ode, saturating his works with the motifs of the Holy Scriptures. Kostrov often uses the concept of “meekness” emphasizing the sanctity of the Orthodox power, which gets commandments of mercy and humility from God leading to spiritual salvation. The motif of two paths — the unholy and righteous ones — becomes cross-cutting in Kostrov’s poetry. The path of Russia corresponds to the latter one. The motif of divine light descending into the world and eradicating the darkness is the motif of the people “chosen by God”. According to Kostrov, not the Jews but the Russians are such a people. Working with the texts of the Psalms, Kostrov introduces his own motifs, shows his individuality, reveals his own experiences and doubts, and disagrees with some ideas of his era. Christian ideals of meekness and non-violence are the main values in E. I. Kostrov’s poetry.
The Medieval Tradition in the Prose of V. P. Astafiev: Genre and Cycle
Authors: Bolshakova Alla Yu.
Published: March 2020

The article contributes to the study of implementation of the genre traditions of the Russian Medieval literature in the prose of the second half of the twentieth century, specifies categorical coordinates and challenges research approaches, artificially separating a single movement of Russian literature from the time of Ilarion and Avvakum to the present day. On the example of V. P. Astafiev’s book “Zatesi” which united the writer's small prose on the principle of cyclization of works based on the common stylistic and thematic features, the author comes to the conclusion about the artistic relevance of this technique, which originates in the medieval collections, in the aspiration of their compilers to work “outside of genre traditions” (D. S. Likhachev). But if in the Middle Ages this aspiration is more due to the subject-thematic tasks, in the New and Modern times the super-genre unity of the collection, of the book is a result of strengthening the compositional role of the author in their structural organization and the individualization of his image.
Physics Beyond Physics: Application of Physical Approaches in Quantitative Linguistics
Authors: Vasilev A. N. , Vasileva I. V.
Published: March 2020

The application of physical methods to solve non-physical problems has been considered. In particular, the prospects of physical approaches in quantitative linguistics are analyzed. The difference between the physical and non-physical methods is illustrated by an example of already existing “classical” models. A few mathematical models which make it possible to determine the rank-frequency dependence for words in a frequency dictionary, as well as the dependence of the dictionary volume on the text length, are proposed. It is shown that the physical approaches and principles that are used in physics can also be successfully applied to create mathematical models in linguistics.
Response to Neutrons and γ-rays of Two Liquid Scintillators
Authors: Hector Rene Vega-Carrillo  , Martha Isabel Escalona-Llaguno  , Luis Hernandez-Adame  , Sergio M. Sarmiento-Rosales  , Claudia A. Márquez-Mata  , Guillermo E. Campillo-Rivera  , V.P. Singh  , Teodoro Rivera-Montalvo  , Segundo Agustin Martínez-Ovalle
Published: March 2020

UltimaGoldTM AB and OptiphaseTrisafe are two liquid scintillators made by Perkin Elmer and EG & G Company respectively. Both are commercially promoted as scintillation detectors for α and β particles. In this work, the responses to γ-rays and neutrons of UltimaGoldTM AB and OptiphaseTriSafe liquid scintillators, without and with reflector, have been measured aiming to use these scintillators as γ-rays and neutron detectors. Responses to γ-rays and neutrons were measured as pulse shape spectra in a multichannel analyzer. Scintillators were exposed to gamma rays produced by 137Cs, 54Mn, 22Na and 60Co sources. The response to neutrons was obtained with a 241AmBe neutron source that was measured to 25 and 50 cm from the scintillators. The pulse height spectra due to gamma rays are shifted to larger channels as the photon energy increases and these responses are different from the response due to neutrons. Thus, UltimaGoldTM AB and OptiphaseTrisafe can be used to detect γ-rays and neutrons.
PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE AND BLOOD PROFILE OF CLIMBING PERCH Anabas testudineus Bloch CULTURED IN PEAT POND WITH DIFFERENT STOCKING DENSITIES
Authors: Widiyati Ani , Saputra Adang , Setiadi Eri
Published: March 2020

Climbing perch is one of economically-valued local fish in Indonesia, particularly in Borneo, Sumatra, and Java Islands. The fish has the potential to be developed as freshwater aquaculture species. The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the production performance and blood profile of climbing perch cultured in peat pond with different stocking densities. The research was conducted in Kereng Bangkiray Village, Sebangau District, Palangkaraya City, Central of Borneo. Nine fish ponds sized 5.0 m x 5.0 m x 1.5 m were used. Nets with a mesh size of 1 cm measuring 2.0 m x 1.5 m x 1.0 m was installed in each fish pond for the experiment. The treatment consisted of different stocking densities, namely 15 fish/m2, 30 fish/m2, and 45 fish/m2. Fish with the body weight of 20 ± 1.25 g were used. Fish were cultured for four months. An artificial diet containing 30% protein was given with a feeding rate of 5%. The experiment was designed in a complete randomized design. The result showed that the production performances (i.e. survival, specific growth rate, absolute weight, and biomass) were significantly higher at the densities of 15 and 30 fish/m2 than that of 45 fish/m2 (P<0.05). Blood profile such as glucose, erythrocyte, leucocyte, and hemoglobin were higher at the density of 45 fish/m2 except for hematocrit which was higher at the densities of 30 and 15 fish/m2. Water quality parameters such as dissolved oxygen, nitrite, nitrate, and ammonia at the densities of 15 and 30 fish/m2 showed better values than that of 45 fish/m2 stocking density. To optimize the productivity and maintain the optimum water quality condition, the optimal stocking density for climbing perch culture is suggested at 30 fish/m2.
Some inequalities for homogeneous $B_n$-potential type integrals on $H^{p}_{\Delta_{\nu}}$ Hardy spaces
Authors: KESKİN Cansu , EKİNCİOĞLU İsmail
Published: March 2020

We prove the norm inequalities for potential operators and fractional integrals related to generalized shift operator defined on spaces of homogeneous type. We show that these operators are bounded from $H^{p}_{\Delta_{\nu}}$ to $H^{q}_{\Delta_{\nu}}$, for $\frac{1}{q}=\frac{1}{p}-\frac{\alpha}{Q}$, provided $0<\alpha<\frac{1}{2}$, and $\alpha<\beta\leq 1$ and $\frac{Q}{Q+\beta}<p\leq\frac{Q}{Q+\alpha}$. By applying atomic-molecular decomposition of $H^{p}_{\Delta_{\nu}}$ Hardy space, we obtain the boundedness of homogeneous fractional type integrals which extends the Stein-Weiss and Taibleson-Weiss's results for the boundedness of the $B_n$-Riesz potential operator on $H^{p}_{\Delta_{\nu}}$ Hardy space.