bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The interplay of family support and self-surrender practices in the quality of life of type 2 diabetes mellitus with depression patients
Authors: Faizun Muhamad , Fanani Mohammad , Subijanto Achmad Arman , Anantanyu Sapja , Amalia Fiki
Published: January 2025

Background: Studies showed that self-surrender practice is beneficial for depressive symptoms concurrent with chronic diseases, including diabetes, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, cancer, and geriatric malnutrition. To our knowledge, no study evaluates the combination of family support and self-surrender practice impact on the patient’s knowledge, self-management, control type 2 DM (T2DM), and quality of life in T2DM patients with depression.
Objectives: This study aims to investigate the impact of family support combined with self-surrender practice on the patients’ knowledge, self-management, control type 2 DM, and quality of life in T2DM patients with depression.
Methods: This study was an experimental study using a pre-and post-test group design. The study was conducted in Batang District Hospital, Central Java, in July - November 2022. Questionnaires were used as research instruments in this study, including the Diabetes Quality of Life Clinical Trial Questionnaire (DQLCTQ), Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire-24 (DKQ-24), and Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DMSQ). Path analysis was conducted in the present study.
Results: In this study, it was found that the assistance of family in self-surrender practice for type 2 DM patients strengthens the influence of patients’ knowledge on type 2 DM control. Patients with high knowledge who take part in self-surrender practice with family support tend to have better type 2 DM control (p=0.02) than patients with high knowledge but undergo self-surrender practice without family support (p=0.73). Family support in self-surrender training for patients with type 2 DM strengthens the influence of patient self-management on type 2 DM control (p<0.001). However, the results of this study show that family support in self-surrender practice for patients with type 2 diabetes does not strengthen the influence of patient’s knowledge on the patient’s quality of life (p=0.44).
Conclusion: In conclusion, the study underscores the significant positive impact of family support and self-surrender practices on the management of type 2 diabetes with depression.
The effect of relaxation response techniques on the anxiety level of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at Prof. dr. IGNG Ngoerah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Ariani Ni Ketut Putri , Wahyudianto Nur , Mahardika I Komang Ana , Nawangsari
Published: January 2025

Background: Psychological interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy, expressive supportive group therapy, and yoga have a positive effect on breast cancer patients. "Relaxation Response Technique, " a relaxation therapy that combines deep breath relaxation techniques and beliefs, provides multiple benefits in awakening calm in humans. Parasympathetic nerves will be stimulated while sympathetic nerves will be inhibited, so a sense of comfort will appear. This study aims to evaluate the effect of relaxation response techniques on the anxiety level of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Methods: Research conducted with one group pre and post-test experimental design to assess the effectiveness of relaxation response on the anxiety level of breast cancer patients before and after chemotherapy. The sample was taken at Ngoerah Hospital One Day Care (ODC) Chemotherapy Clinic from March until December 2023. Female patients aged 18 to 60 years with a diagnosis of breast cancer who undergo chemotherapy treatment in Ngoerah Hospital One Day Care (ODC) Chemotherapy Clinic were invited. The exclusion criteria are patients who had a decrease of consciousness, ever had cognitive impairment, were illiterate, had severe medical illness comorbidity, and refused to join the study. 30 patients were included in the study. Patients were evaluated two times for their anxiety level at the beginning and end of the Relaxation Response Technique (RRT) intervention was done, using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). BAI data were analyzed statistically.
Results: From 30 patients recruited, all of them finished the RRT interventions had evaluated for their anxiety level, pre and post-intervention using BAI. The BAI score pre-test was higher within the range 3 – 30, with a mean score of 8.70 ± 7.269, compared with the post-test BAI Score ranged from 0 – 8, with a mean of 2.67 ± 2.106. From the BAI score categorical data, the pre-test BAI Score showed 21 samples (70%) without anxiety and 30% with anxiety ranging from mild to severe anxiety level. After intervention with RRT, 100% of the samples were without anxiety. Analytical data with a non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed a significant decrease between the pre-test BAI mean score and the post-test BAI mean score (Z=14.50; p < 0.000).
Conclusion: The relaxation response technique (RRT) can reduce the level of anxiety in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at Ngoerah Hospital One Day Care (ODC) Chemotherapy Clinic.
Comparison of St. Thomas and Dr. Soetomo Hospital cardioplegia in coronary artery bypass grafting surgery
Authors: Pranoto Dani Yudo , Hanindito Elizeus , Perdhana Fajar , Kusuma Edward , Hardiono Hardiono , Airlangga Prananda Surya , Mahmudah
Published: January 2025

Background: Temporary cardiac arrest using cardioplegia is a critical step during coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery to protect the heart from ischemia. Due to limited availability, Dr. Soetomo Hospital in Surabaya developed an alternative mixture to replace the standard St. Thomas cardioplegia. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of St. Thomas and Dr. Soetomo Hospital cardioplegia in CABG surgery in terms of achieving cardioplegic arrest, plasma potassium balance, and preventing arrhythmias.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among adult patients undergoing CABG who were administered either St. Thomas or Dr. Soetomo Hospital cardioplegia during November 2019 and May 2020. The time to achieve cardioplegic arrest, plasma potassium levels, and ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia incidence were recorded and analyzed.
Results: Out of 74 patients, 37 each received St. Thomas cardioplegia and Dr. Soetomo Hospital cardioplegia, with no significant differences in demographic characteristics between the two groups (p>0.05). The results revealed that both types of cardioplegia were equally effective in maintaining plasma potassium balance and preventing life-threatening arrhythmias. However, Dr. Soetomo Hospital cardioplegia achieved cardioplegic arrest significantly (p<0.05) faster than St. Thomas cardioplegia.
Conclusion: Dr. Soetomo Hospital’s cardioplegia demonstrated increased efficacy in achieving faster cardiac arrest, which has significant implications for optimizing surgical efficiency and reducing myocardial damage during CABG.
Combination of C-MAC videolaryngoscope and fiber optic laryngoscope in a pediatric case with difficult airway: a case report
Authors: Rizkinanto Galih Surya , Salinding Agustina
Published: January 2025

Background: Supraepiglottic masses are recognized as risk factors for unexpected failed tracheal intubation, and have been reported to cause difficult airway. In planning the management of anticipated difficult airways, the primary focus should be on ensuring adequate oxygenation and ventilation. This study presents a case of a 7-year-old male child with a difficult airway managed using combination C-MAC videolaryngoscope and fiber optic laryngoscope.
Case Presentation: A 7-year-old male presented with complaints of uncomfortable sensation when swallowing for 2 months and progressively getting worse. He often snores and experiences periods of apnea during sleep. On examination, there was difficulty to intubate and supraglottic airway difficulty, based on Mallampati score 4, T1/T4 tonsil, and airway obstruction. During oxygenation and ventilation attempt using a face mask, the chest was expanded adequately with saturation maintained at 98-99%. Nasal intubation then performed with a fiber optic scope. The procedure was converted into a left tonsil biopsy followed by a tracheostomy.
Conclusion: The efficient management option is to use technology such as a CMAC-video laryngoscope and fiber optic laryngoscope and combination in difficult airway management.
The characteristics of hydatidiform mole pregnant patients at Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital 2020 – 2023
Authors: Djusad Suskhan , Shahnaz Puti , Hadiwinata Daniel , Herianti Hana Fathia
Published: January 2025

Introduction: One of the causes of bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy is hydatidiform mole pregnancy. There are two main variants, namely partial mole and complete mole. Indonesia has a high incidence of molar pregnancies, reaching 10 per 1000 pregnancies, placing it at the top of Asia. Molar pregnancies also have the potential for neoplastic transformation, which can lead to Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia (NTG), which has serious impacts on women's health. General treatment includes giving a blood transfusion if shock or anemia appears. Specific treatment includes vacuum curettage and hysterectomy.
Method: Observational research with a cross-sectional study design to determine the characteristics of molar pregnancy patients at Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital in 2020-2023. This research uses secondary data in the form of medical records. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.
Result: A total of 15 patients were obtained from the total sampling. A total of 12 patients (80%) experienced complete moles, while the rest (3 out of 15 patients, 20%) experienced incomplete moles. Patients with hydatidiform mole mean age 35.2+10.304 years (p=0.01), gravidity 2.87+1.4 (p=0.004), parity 1.67+1.34 (p=0.002), and gestational age 13.6+6.401 (p=0.008) have a risk for occurrence of hydatidiform mole. However, there is no relationship between obstetric history and blood pressure on the incidence of hydatidiform mole pregnancy.
Conclusion: The incidence of hydatidiform mole pregnancy at Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital is related to maternal age, gravidity, parity, and gestational age. However, there is no relationship between obstetric history and blood pressure.
Metformin and insulin increase the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), nitric oxide (NO), and the level of angiogenesis in increasing flap viability in modified Mcfarlane flaps of Wistar rats
Authors: Brahmananta Anak Agung Bagus Satria , Sanjaya I Gusti Putu Hendra , Hamid Agus Roy Rusly Hariantana
Published: January 2025

Background: The method of using flap is a reconstructive modality for wound closure, which still becomes challenging in reconstructive surgery, because the risk of flap failure due to flap necrosis increases. Hence, better understanding and knowledge are needed to increase the success of a flap methods. Apart from controlling blood sugar, metformin and insulin also have angiogenesis and proliferative effects through stimulation of VEGF and NO, as well as increasing flap viability, which can be promising in preventing flap necrosis. To determine the effect of administering metformin and insulin in increasing VEGF, NO and angiogenesis levels as parameters of flap viability in the Modified McFarlane Flap in Wistar rats.
Methods: An experimental study was conducted using 28 Wistar rats. The Modified McFarlane Flap elevation procedure was carried out and divided into 4 treatment groups. Group 1, observation group with intragastric normal saline. Group 2, intervention by administering metformin 300 mg/kg. Group 3, intervention by administering long-acting insulin injection 0.25 unit/day (U/day) subcutaneously (SC). Group 4, intervention with a combination of Metformin 300 mg/kg intraorally and long-acting insulin 0.25 U/day SC. Assessment of angiogenesis flap viability rate was carried out on the 5th day, also the levels of VEGF and NO were measured between the treatment and control groups.
Results: There were statistically significant results that the angiogenesis rate (23.95%), flap viability rate (68.5%) of Wistar rats were the highest in the metformin and insulin combination group (p<0.001) compared to all groups. It was also found that the highest levels of VEGF and NO in combination of metformin and insulin compared to all groups, which were 38.11 nmol/L and 34.21 nmol/L respectively (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Metformin combined with insulin increases flap viability in Modified McFarlane Flap in Wistar rats resulting from increased angiogenesis rate and the levels of VEGF and NO.
Evaluating Moringa oleifera extract: antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and histopathological effects in rat model of pneumonia
Authors: Aphridasari Jatu , Reviono  , Purwanto Bambang , Widyaningsih Vitri
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Moringa oleifera is a miracle tree for its high nutritive and medicinal values with immune modulating, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antimicrobial properties. Pneumonia induces immune system activation, and the phagocytic cells try to eliminate pathogens, leading to increased oxidative stress and tissue damage. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and histopathological effects of Moringa oleifera in rat pneumonia models.
Methods: Twenty-five male sex rats of Rattus novergicus were divided into five groups with various treatments. The assessment of Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and Caspase-3 levels with Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), colony forming unit (CFU) conducted with total plate count method, and the lung tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) to observe the histopathological lesions. Data analysis used were ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis, and Fisher's exact.
Result: Administration of Moringa oleifera extract significantly improved polymorphonuclear (PMN) levels (p=0.01) and lung tissue necrosis (p= 0.01) in pneumonia model rats. Moringa oleifera had no significant effect on reducing IL-8 (p= 0.083), Caspase-3 (p= 0.09), and CFU (p= 0.09) in pneumonia model rats.
Conclusion: Moringa oleifera extract can be used as an adjuvant to treat respiratory tract infections as an anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial to improve the histopathological of the lungs.
Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal hypophysectomy in an adult male patient with prolactinoma acromegaly who did not respond to bromocriptine therapy: a case report
Authors: Sujaka Aditya Brahmantio , Santosa Dhania A.
Published: January 2025

Background: The most common pituitary tumor, prolactin-secreting tumors (prolactinomas), have a frequency of females between the ages of 20 and 50 are the most likely to experience the condition with the female to male ratio is roughly 10:1. However, up to 4% of well-controlled prolactinoma patients can develop acromegaly. This case report aims to present a case of prolactinoma acromegaly male patient underwent endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal hypophysectomy.
Case Presentation : A 29-year-old male patient with a diagnosis of pituitary macroadenoma due to prolactinoma with clinical symptoms of acromegaly has been treated previously with bromocriptine for three years, but the size of the tumor in this patient is getting bigger and causing visual field disorders so that this patient is performed endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. After the surgery, the patient had a period of diabetes insipidus during treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU) and the patient's visual field improved. Patient’s condition has improved following the surgery.
Conclusion: Patients with prolactinoma acromegaly treated mainly with bromocriptine to decrease prolactin production and so shrink the tumor. Nevertheless, endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal hypophysectomy approach is applied if pharmacological therapy has not been effective.
Testicular adrenal rest tumors in an Indonesian patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: A first case report
Authors: Chandra Epifani Angelina , Utari Agustini , Adriaansen Bas P.H. , Claahsen-van der Grinten Hedi L.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Testicular adrenal rest tumors (TART) are the leading cause of infertility in male patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Late identification and poor hormonal control can increase the prevalence of this long-term complication. Until recently, there have not been any reported case of TART in the Indonesian population. Here, we describe the clinical symptoms and manifestations, laboratory, scrotal ultrasonography (US), bone age examination, and the treatment of the first detected TART patient in a boy with CAH in Indonesia.
Case Presentation: A nine-year-old patient diagnosed with classic CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) after a history of precocious puberty underwent scrotal US showing bilateral nodules near the mediastinum testes with a clear boundary, round shape, and hypoechoic lesions, which confirmed the presence of TART. The patient was poorly controlled with elevated 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), androstenedione, testosterone, and luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations, advanced bone age, and normal concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and inhibin B. Glucocorticoid treatment was intensified after the TART diagnosis.
Conclusion: This is the first case report of an Indonesian patient with CAH, in whom TART was detected by US at an early age. Especially in poorly controlled patients, US should be performed regularly already during childhood.
Association of Immune Score, KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF Mutation with Clinicopathological Aspects Among Indonesian Colorectal Cancer Cases
Authors: Saditya Jeo Wifanto , Wisaksono Sudoyo Aru , Setiawan Suryadi Andre , Tanara Maida , Saputra Meggiy , Farah Yoladifa Safira
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Colorectal cancer ranked as the leading three cancers in Indonesia presented with various clinical characteristics that remain a pressing challenge. KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF are mostly found mutations that become an essential part in the assessment of CRC patients. Immune score (IS) is a widely applicable prognostic factor sensitive in deciding the degree of immunity which is useful in selecting tailored treatment options. This research focused to define the characteristics of immune scores in various mutational states of KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF and explore its association with relevant clinicopathological aspects.
Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study analyzing genomic and immune score profiles of 237 CRC patients treated at three cancer-center hospitals in Jakarta. The biomarkers studied were collected from Kalgen Laboratory between February 2011 and December 2023 and were analyzed using univariate analyses.
Result: The majority (70%) of patients had high immunity with KRAS mutation observed in 83 (86.5%) patients, NRAS in 9 (9.4%) patients, and BRAF in 4 (4.2%) patients. Several significant associations were identified between immune score, mutational status, and clinicopathological features (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Our findings indicated that immune score acts as a beneficial indicator primarily for stage II CRC. Mutational status remains an essential assessment as they were significantly associated with related clinicopathological features. These highlight the relevance of comprehensive genomic evaluation along with host immune scoring.
Correlation of blood sugar levels, serum cortisol levels, and outcome in critically ill children
Authors: Setiawaty Kartika , Artati Ratna Dewi , Lawang St. Aizah , Maddeppungeng Martira , Rahmawaty  , Urfianty
Published: January 2025

Background: Hyperglycemia occurs due to acute stress in critically ill patients, and this can be attributed to an intricate pathophysiological pathway involving the elevation of counter-regulatory hormones like catecholamines, cortisol, glucagon, and proinflammatory cytokines. This study aims to explore the correlation between blood sugar levels and serum cortisol levels in critically ill children.
Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study involving 80 critically ill children treated at the hospital from November 2023 until February 2024. Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo, Makassar. Blood sugar levels and serum cortisol levels measured during the observation period were correlated with critical illness according to the Pediatric Early Warning Signs (PEWS) score.
Results: Glucose levels were found to have no significant relationship with cortisol levels (p=0.640) and PEWS scores (p=0.116). Meanwhile, cortisol levels showed a significant relationship to PEWS scores with a positive correlation (r=0.325, p=0.003). ROC analysis showed that serum cortisol levels (cut off 42.24 ng/ml) and PEWS score (cut off 5.5) were good predictors of mortality. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that cortisol levels as an independent risk factor predicted mortality in critically ill children (p=0.000).
Conclusion: An increase in serum cortisol levels is directly proportional to an increase in the PEWS score, which indicates that an increase in blood serum cortisol levels increases the risk of death in critically ill children.
Imaging of eyelid pilomatrixoma: a case report from Medan
Authors: Daulay Elvita Rahmi , Rodiah Rahmawaty Lubis
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Pilomatrixoma is a rare subcutaneous tumor arising from the hair follicle matrix, and it is often misdiagnosed. Imaging can aid in the preoperative diagnosis of pilomatrixoma. This case report presents a pilomatrixoma located on the eyelid of a middle-aged female.
Case Description: A 45-year-old female presented with complaints of a painless lump in the left upper eyelid for the past 7 years, which had shifted the position of the eye. Physical examination revealed a solid, immobile, round-shaped lump in the left upper eyelid with a smooth surface, along with decreased vision in the left eye. CT imaging showed an oval lesion with multiple calcifications. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of pilomatrixoma.
Conclusion: Imaging plays a crucial role in enhancing the accuracy of pilomatrixoma diagnosis, particularly in cases involving tissues or structures surrounding the tumor.
PET-based perovskite solar cells to avoid potential-induced degradation
Authors: Breugelmans Robbe , Lammar Stijn , Aguirre Aranzazu , Aernouts Tom , Vermang Bart , Daenen Michaël
Published: January 2025

Interest in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has grown, with advances in stability and scalability for commercialization. However, in real-world conditions, PSCs can encounter potential-induced degradation (PID), primarily due to sodium ion (Na+) migration from conventional soda-lime glass (SLG) substrates. This study investigates whether PID can be completely avoided using Na+-free substrates such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET). PET and SLG-based PSCs were subjected to –1000 V PID stress. The test was conducted in an inert environment to exclude other degradation factors. After 300 h, PET-based PSCs demonstrated only a 0.11% efficiency loss, staying well below the 5% stability threshold, compared to a 15% loss in SLG-based PSCs. The results confirm that using Na+-free substrates effectively prevents PID, and that Na+ migration is the primary cause of degradation during PID stress. These findings support further research to develop PID-resistant PSCs.

Impact statement

Potential-induced degradation (PID) is a critical challenge for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in real-world conditions, significantly impacting their stability and posing a barrier to large-scale commercialization. This study provides evidence that PSCs can be engineered to resist PID. The findings pave the way for developing strategies to mitigate, prevent, and even eliminate PID in future PSC designs. Moreover, the study confirms that Na+ migration is the primary driver of degradation during PID stress under inert conditions, providing valuable insights that could accelerate the advancement of long-term stability solutions for PSCs, thereby expediting their commercialization.

Graphical abstract
Pengaruh herbisida bahan aktif glifosfat dan parakuat terhadap gulma dan hasil tanaman kacang hijau
Authors: Al Afgani Rony , Purwanto Purwanto , Fauzi Khafid
Published: January 2025

Weed kontrol using herbicides is more efficient and effective. A combination of contact and systemic toxic active ingredients will be more effective in controlling weeds. This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of the combination of active ingredients (paraquat and glyphosate) to control weeds. This research used a Randomized Block Design with non-factorial patern, seven treatments, and was repeated four times. The treatments P1: control without weeding; P2: manual weeding; P3: paraquate 600 g ha-1+ glyphosate 0 g ha-1; P4: Paraquat 450 g ha-1+ glyphosate 360 g ha-1; P5: paraquate 300 g ha-1 + glyphosate 720 g ha-1. The variables observed Summed Domonace Ratio, weeds biomassa, community coeficient, soil bacteria population, and green bean yield. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, and if significantly different, continued with DMRT 5%. The research results showed that the application of a combination of herbicides was able to suppress weed growth in green bean plantings. The herbicide with active ingredient of paraquat 600 g ha-1 was able to suppress weed growth at the beginning of the growth of green bean plants and was able to support the growth and yield components of green bean plants with the highest yield reaching 1258.43 kg ha-1. Parakuat 600 g ha-1 can be used to control weeds.

Pengendalian gulma menggunakan herbisida lebih efisien dan efektif. Kombinasi bahan aktif racun kontak dan sistemik akan lebih efektif dalam mengendlaikan gulma. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas kombinasi bahan aktif (parakuat dan glifosat) serta mengetahui dosis yang tepat untuk mengendalikan gulma dan pengaruhnya terhadap hasil tanaman kacang hijau. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok non faktorial, tujuh perlakuan, dan diulang empat kali. Perlakuan P1: kontrol tanpa penyiangan; P2: penyiangan manual; P3: parakuat 600 g ha-1+ glifosfat 0 g ha-1; P4: Parakuat 450 g ha-1+ glifosat 360 g ha- 1; P5: parakuat 300 g ha-1 + glifosfat 720 g ha-1. Variabel yang diamati antara lain summed dominace ratio, community coeficient, bobot kering gulma, kepadatan populasi bakteri tanah, dan hasil kacang hijau. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA, dan apabila berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan DMRT 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi kombinasi herbisida mampu menekan pertumbuhan gulma pada pertanaman kacang hijau. Herbisida dengan kandungan bahan aktif parakuat 600 g ha-1 mampu menekan pertumbuhan gulma pada awal pertumbuhan tanaman kacang hijau dan mampu mendukung komponen pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kacang hijau dengan hasil tertinggi mencapai 1258,43 kg ha-1. Parakuat 600 g ha-1 dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan gulma.
Kajian pengaruh iradiasi gamma cobalt-60 terhadap tanaman kapulaga jawa (Amomum compactum)
Authors: Aprianti Rina , Devy Lukita , Devy Lukita , Nurhangga Eka , Devy Lukita , Nurhangga Eka , Nawfetrias Winda , Nurhangga Eka , Widiarsih Sasanti , Nawfetrias Winda , Nawfetrias Winda , Widiarsih Sasanti , Widiarsih Sasanti
Published: January 2025

Javanese cardamom plants are mostly propagated vegetatively using its rhizome. Therefore, the genetic variability is quite low so that the variability needs to be enhanced, one of them is by gamma irradiation. The objectives were to reveal the optimal dose (LD20 and LD50) of gamma irradiation on Java cardamom seedlings and to assess the performance of seedlings post irradiation. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with 6 replications. Gamma ray used were 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, 250, 275 and 300 Gy. Survival rate, quantitative and qualitative observation of plant growth were conducted. Irradiation was conducted on mature plant. Result showed the LD20 and LD50 values were 55,89 Gy and 100,75 Gy. Seedling showed necrosis on leaves and stem area after irradiation especially in high gamma ray doses. Until 25 weeks after irradiation, plants irradiated with 50 Gy and 100 Gy produced 16.7% new shoots, but their development was very slow. Control plants produced 5.2 new shoots with good agronomic appearance and 67% produced flowers at 25 weeks after irradiation. Furthermore, the irradiation dose for cardamom cultivation needs to be optimized in the range of 50-100 Gy by using younger plant material.

ABSTRAK

Tanaman kapulaga jawa sebagian besar diperbanyak secara vegetatif dengan menggunakan rimpangnya. Oleh karena itu, variabilitas genetiknya cukup rendah sehingga variabilitas tersebut perlu ditingkatkan, salah satunya dengan iradiasi sinar gamma. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dosis optimal (LD20 dan LD50) iradiasi gamma pada bibit kapulaga Jawa dan menilai keragaan bibit kapulaga pasca iradiasi gamma. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak dengan 6 ulangan. Iradiasi sinar gamma digunakan adalah 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, 250, 275 dan 300 Gy. Tingkat kelangsungan hidup, pengamatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif pertumbuhan tanaman dilakukan. Iradiasi dilakukan pada tanaman dewasa. Hasil menunjukkan nilai LD20 dan LD50 sebesar 55,89 Gy dan 100,75 Gy. Bibit menunjukkan nekrosis pada area daun dan batang setelah penyinaran terutama pada dosis sinar gamma tinggi. Sampai umur 25 minggu setelah iradiasi (MSI), tanaman yang diiradiasi 50 Gy dan 100 Gy menghasilkan 16,7% tunas baru, namun perkembangannya sangat lambat. Tanaman kontrol menghasilkan 5,2 tunas baru dengan penampilan agronomis baik dan 67% menghasilkan bunga pada umur 25 minggu setelah iradiasi. Selanjutnya dosis iradiasi pada budidaya kapulaga perlu dioptimalkan pada kisaran 50-100 Gy dengan menggunakan bahan tanaman yang lebih muda.
Melissos i Atomiści
Authors: Gródek Wojciech
Published: January 2025

Monografia Wojciecha Kleofasa Gródka podejmuje próbę wyjaśnienia wpływu Melissosa na teorię atomistów. Zgodnie z przekazem Arystotelesa, Leukippos sprzeciwiał się monizmowi eleatów, a w szczególności tezom Melissosa. Przyjmuje się, że hipoteza Melissosa o wielości rzeczy spełniających warunki bytu, który jest zawsze jeden, mogła zainspirować Leukipposa do stworzenia teorii atomów. Powstaje zatem pytanie, czy Leukippos rzeczywiście sprzeciwiał się eleatom, czy raczej akceptował ich tezy. W celu odpowiedzi na to pytanie przeprowadzono analizę tekstu Arystotelesa zawartego w dziele „O powstawaniu i ginięciu”, w którym opisano stosunek Leukipposa do myśli eleackiej, a w szczególności do tez Melissosa. Z uwagi na wątpliwości dotyczące sposobu rozumienia przez Arystotelesa filozofii Parmenidesa i Melissosa, szczególną uwagę poświęcono zachowanym fragmentom traktatu Melissosa. Analiza wskazuje, że Melissos, podobnie jak Parmenides, mógł rozumieć byt jako myśl, a nie jako obiekt, co sugeruje, że nie należy go uznawać za radykalnego monistę. Jest zatem prawdopodobne, że Leukippos, rozwijając hipotezę Melissosa o wielości rzeczy spełniających warunki jednego, sformułował teorię atomów – prostych ciał odpowiadających koncepcji bytu przedstawionej przez eleatów. Jednak pełne uzasadnienie tego poglądu jest utrudnione z powodu braku zachowanych traktatów zawierających pierwotną teorię atomów. Przedstawiona w tej książce interpretacja opiera się głównie na tekstach Arystotelesa oraz na analizie innych starożytnych komentatorów.
The relationship between digital literacy levels and lifelong learning tendencies of future teachers
Authors: Elçi Ebru
Published: January 2025

With this research we aimed to determine the correlation between teacher candidates’ digital literacy levels and lifelong learning tendencies. This research was created as a mixed methods research. The quantitative group of the research consisted of 650 teacher candidates studying at the education faculties of different universities in Istanbul in the 2023–2024 academic year. The study group of the qualitative part of the research consisted of 25 faculty members working at different universities in Istanbul. Research data were obtained with the digital literacy scale, lifelong learning tendencies scale, and semi-structured knowledge collection form developed by the researchers. SPSS 25.0 statistical program was used to analyse the quantitative data and the content analysis method was used to analyse the qualitative data. Research results show that there was a moderately positive linear relationship between the digital literacy levels of teacher candidates and their lifelong learning tendencies. While the digital competencies and lifelong learning tendencies of teacher candidates differed according to gender and study year variables, there was no remarkable difference accordingly the year variable.
The mediating role of cognitive flexibility in the relationship between creative thinking tendencies and problem-solving skills
Authors: Aydın Kılıç Zeynep Nur , Çelik Ercoşkun Nilay
Published: January 2025

In the study reported on here we aimed to investigate the mediating effect of pre-school teacher candidates’ cognitive flexibility between creative thinking tendencies and problem-solving skills. The relational model was used to examine the direct and mediation relationship between the variables. The sample consisted of 516 pre-school teacher candidates, 445 of whom were female and 71 male, studying at 16 universities in Türkiye. Three Likert-type scales were used in the research: the Marmara creative thinking tendencies scale, the problem-solving inventory and the cognitive flexibility scale. To analyse data, the Pearson moment correlation coefficient and Hayes process macro for the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) were used through the SPSS-22 program to examine the relationship between the variables and to conduct the mediation analysis. The results show a moderate relationships between the creative thinking tendencies, problem-solving skills, and cognitive flexibility of pre-school teacher candidates. Cognitive flexibility also played a mediating role between creative thinking tendencies and problem-solving skills. According to these results, creative thinking tendencies and cognitive flexibility variables together explain 35% of the change in problem-solving skills. Based on the results, some suggestions are made.
Strengthening teachers’ assessment skills for accurate reading inferences and learning support in Grade 3 classrooms
Authors: Strauss Annaly M.
Published: January 2025

In this study I explored how professional development training impacts Grade 3 teachers’ ability to assess reading proficiency and provide targeted support to enhance learner outcomes in Namibia. An action research methodology was used to plan, engage, and reflect on reading assessment. Data were collected from artifacts gathered during training and teacher reflections in focus groups. Key themes included pacing when taking running record assessment, sign and symbol conventions, and effective data capturing. The main findings reveal teachers’ accuracy in recording running records, assessment influenced by learners’ reading pace, fluency and comprehension of text, and the overall reading levels of Grade 3 learners. The focus group results indicate the need for more effective assessment tools such as running records, consideration of linguistic diversity within the classroom setting, strategies to address the impact of class size on individual reading assessment, and opportunities for training teachers. Further research is recommended to identify teachers’ English language needs and explore integrating linguistic frameworks into teachers’ practices to tailor professional development for improved Grade 3 reading outcomes. The study contributes toward research in professional development to refine teachers’ assessment skills for learners’ literacy development.
Towards a taxonomy of artificial intelligence in teaching writing in a foreign language
Authors: Laborda Jesús García , Magal Royo Teresa , Madarova Slavka
Published: January 2025

The use of artificial intelligence in foreign language teaching, and particularly in teaching writing, is still under investigation for its potential positive impact and potential benefits. So far, the focus was on controversial uses, due to the challenges for the teachers. However, when used just for learning purposes, it can be a facilitating tool for the students. The key now is to understand its effects, challenges, and opportunities, to establish a framework for its use, and to make teachers aware of its potential. To this end, in this article we take a functional and utilitarian approach by identifying the characteristics and capacities of currently available sites. A description of the different sites is given along with their advantages and disadvantages. Since only a few fundamental works have been published on the subject, we propose a taxonomy with examples, evaluate its benefits and drawbacks and suggests potential applications for teaching and research.
Examination of students’ success in the use of artificial intelligence
Authors: Uaidullakyzy Elmira , Oralbekova Aliya Kurbanovna , Dosbenbetova Anara Shaimahanovna , Yerubay Baibekov , Nauryzbayev Bauyrzhan Amangazyuly , Turmanov Rakhymzhan
Published: January 2025

The purpose with this mixed-methods research was to examine students’ success in using artificial intelligence. The research sample consisted of 50 first-grade primary school students, 239 parents, and 25 primary school teachers studying in Almaty, Kazakhstan. A descriptive analysis technique was used to analyse the qualitative data. Findings are explained in themes. As a result of the research, it has been observed that parents’ attitudes towards their children’s use of technology were high. Most primary school teachers who participated in the research stated that students were interested in artificial intelligence, they supported the use of artificial intelligence technologies to some extent, and they found the students partially successful in this regard. Students participating in the research defined artificial intelligence as technology, computers that think like humans, smart machines, entertaining and educational computer content, robots that obey given commands, and technological devices that make life easier. Most students stated that they liked using artificial intelligence and that they found themselves somewhat successful in using artificial intelligence.
Is ChatGPT reliable in education?
Authors: Alibrahim Amal Abdullah
Published: January 2025

After ChatGPT was released late in 2022, many arguments about its accuracy and use in education arose. In this article, I seek to provide evidence of the accuracy and validity of ChatGPT’s responses to users’ queries in education by applying a systematic review methodology to analyse publications in specific databases following PRISMA guidelines which provide a high level of evidence. Of 274 publications initially identified, 18 were included based on eligibility criteria. My findings show some limitations of ChatGPT, for example, a lack of deep understanding, limited ability to calculate problems, and difficulty with complex problems. Despite these limitations it was clear that ChatGPT was able to pass many exams and succeed in many assessment problems in a variety of education disciplines. Finally, based on the findings, I suggest an ABCD framework to successfully apply ChatGPT in education.
The Effects of Virtual-abstract Integrated Instructional Sequence on Arithmetic in Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Kim Soo Jung , Song Myoung-Suk
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to examine the effects of Virtual-Abstract Integrated (VA-I) instructional sequence on arithmetic performance of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The study’s participants were three elementary school students with ASD from grades 2-4. Using a multiple probe baseline design of single-case research, this study analyzed the functional relation between VA-I instructional sequence and arithmetic performance using virtual manipulatives through visual analysis of the single-subject research graph. Additionally, the study examined whether the intervention was effective without providing virtual manipulatives, whether the effects were maintained after the intervention ended, and whether the intervention effects were reflected in a standardized math fluency test. The results showed that after the VA-I instructional sequence intervention, all participants’ arithmetic performance using virtual manipulatives improved significantly compared to the baseline, and these effects were maintained after the intervention ended. However, limited effects were observed in arithmetic assessments without virtual manipulatives and the standardized math fluency assessment. Based on the results of this study, implications related to Artificial Intelligence Digital Textbooks (AIDT) and the need for follow-up research were suggested.
Impactos ambientais do descarte inadequado de medicamentos em clínicas e hospitais: Desafios e soluções para a gestão sustentável de resíduos farmacêuticos
Authors: Chaves Ana Shirley Freire Ramos , Chaves Francisco Denis Pereira , Chaves Eduardo Pereira , Ribeiro Jailson de Assis , Vinagre Marco Valério de Albuquerque
Published: January 2025

El descarte inadecuado de medicamentos en clínicas y hospitales es un problema global que impacta negativamente el medio ambiente y la salud pública. El artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las prácticas existentes de descarte de medicamentos en clínicas y hospitales, identificando los impactos ambientales causados por estas prácticas inadecuadas. La metodología adoptada involucró la investigación en bases de datos académicas, enfocándose en artículos publicados en los últimos diez años, siguiendo las normas de la Asociación Brasileña de Normas Técnicas (ABNT). El referencial teórico incluye directrices de organismos de salud y legislación ambiental. Los principales resultados indican que la falta de prácticas adecuadas de gestión de residuos farmacéuticos resulta en la contaminación de suelos y cuerpos de agua, además de contribuir a la resistencia antimicrobiana. La conclusión destaca la necesidad urgente de políticas institucionales rigurosas y programas continuos de educación y entrenamiento para profesionales de salud, con el objetivo de mitigar los impactos ambientales del descarte inadecuado de medicamentos y promover la sostenibilidad y la salud pública.
Neural network technologies in supply chain management: Consumer selection technique
Authors: Nazarkina Valeriya , Shchekoldin Vladislav
Published: January 2025

The supply chain management’s effectiveness depends, among other things, on the selection and coordinated interaction with product consumers. This article is devoted to the development of a method for selecting a consumer in the regional wholesale and retail fuel market. The methodological basis of the study is the theory of statistical analysis and neural networks. The main tool for developing the methodology was neural network technologies, with the help of which it is most likely possible to correctly estimate the boundaries for indicators’ values that characterize consumers and reflect their history of purchasing behavior, to select potential clients and the possibility of further cooperation with existing ones. The information base for the work is the data on consumers of a given company’s products, data from the 2GIS electronic directory, as well as the results of the primary statistical analysis and forecasts made based on neural networks of various topologies. The author presents his methodology for selecting a consumer. It has the potential for development and implementation for solving a number of other management problems. As part of the testing, the best configuration (topology) of the neural network was determined, and standard values of entry barriers when consumer choice accomplished were assessed. The methodology we developed was tested using the example of a company operating in the wholesale and retail fuel market in Novosibirsk and the Novosibirsk region. When verifying the neural network model, the quality of client classification was compared based on logistic regression, decision tree and random forest models and we found that the neural network approach provides the best results for assessing the degree of client suitability. As a result of testing the methodology, recommendations for improving neural network models were developed, including expanding the set of factors that determine the characteristics of consumers, as well as optimizing the internal structure of neural networks.
A spectral theorem for a non-Archimedean valued field whose residue field is formally real
Authors: Ishizuka K.
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we will prove a spectral theorem for self-adjoint compactoid operators. Also, we will study the condition on which the coefficient field must be imposed. In order to get the theorems, we will use the Fredholm theory for compactoid operators. Moreover, the property of maximal complete field is important for our study. These facts will allow us to find that the spectral theorem depends only on the residue class field, and is independent of the valuation group of the coefficient field. As a result, we can settle the problem of the spectral theorem in the case where the residue class field is formally real.
Some operators on finite-dimensional non-Archimedean normed spaces
Authors: Babahmed M
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we are interested in the study of certain operators in non-Archimedean normed spaces of finite dimension. We introduce the notion of p-delta function, then we characterize the simple operators, the similarities and the expansions. We show if E has an orthogonal basis, then each injective operator on E is the composition of an isometry and an expansion.
Pal_finder protocol in Galaxy and MiMi protocol v1
Authors: Madrigal-Brenes Ruth , Barrantes Gilbert , Sandoval Luis , J. Fuchs Eric
Published: January 2025

The number of species threatened by fragmentation and loss of natural habitats due to changes in land use and unplanned urban expansion are rapidly increasing. Despite the seriousness of the situation, information on the impact of isolation caused by fragmentation and urbanization on spider genetic diversity is scarce, owing mostly to a lack of appropriate molecular markers. The main objective of this study was to develop microsatellite (SSR) primers for the spider Theridion evexum using low-coverage next-generation sequencing and bioinformatic tools. To increase the yield of DNA extracted from small spiders like T. evexum, we also optimized a CTAB DNA extraction protocol. We sequenced eight individuals at 4X using paired-end sequencing on an Illumina Novaseq 6000. Reads were cleaned and processed using the MiMi python pipeline. MiMi produced a total of 3999 putative microsatellite primers. After filtering for polymorphic loci with an allelic richness greater than three and primers that were present in at least 5 of the 8 sequenced individuals, 34 final markers were identified. An in vivo test of 13 of these 34 markers showed that 10 loci were polymorphic with at least three detectable alleles, one locus was monomorphic, and two loci did not produce PCR products. These markers will allow a better assessment of the effects of fragmentation and isolation across populations of this spider species. Furthermore, developing markers using low-coverage NGS (next-generation sequencing) and bioinformatic methods provide a valuable approach for uncovering SSR markers at a reduced cost for other tropical species, thereby broadening the scope of molecular ecology research in the tropics.
Derivation of Gnotobiotic Stickleback Fish v2
Authors: Milligan-McClellan Kat
Published: January 2025

This protocol is used to generate gnotobiotic stickleback fish. Based on the zebrafish protocols, this was optimized for stickleback. See the paper https://doi.org/10.1242/dmm.021881 for the first description of the use of this protocol. This was created by Kat Milligan-McClellan with extensive help from Erika Mittge at the University of Oregon.