bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detección de microorganismos y caracterización de lesiones histopatológicas en la concha de abanico cultivada y silvestre (Argopecten purpuratus) en verano e invierno
Authors: Valera A. Adhemir , Villegas Rosa , Manchego S. Alberto , LLanco A. Luis , Serrano-Martínez Enrique , Sandoval C. Nieves
Published: April 2023

El objetivo del presente estudio fue detectar agentes parasitarios y describir las lesiones histopatológicas en las conchas de abanico (Argopecten purpuratus) de Ancash, Perú, durante los periodos de verano e invierno. Se recolectaron 360 moluscos, en partes iguales de empresas acuícolas y de vida silvestre, y en las épocas de verano e invierno (90 por grupo). Las muestras se conservaron en Solución de Davidson y se analizaron por histología. Se utilizó la prueba de Chi-cuadrado para determinar posible asociación entre las variables. Los hallazgos histopatológicos en glándulas digestivas y branquias fueron semejantes, encontrando microcolonias intracelulares de bacterias (MCI), infiltración de hemocitos y necrosis de los tejidos en los cuatro grupos de estudio. La prevalencia de MCI se asoció con la estación del año. Las concreciones en nefridios se presentaron en todos los grupos. El manto estuvo mayormente afectado con la presencia de trematodos e infiltración de hemocitos, especialmente en el verano. Se concluye que existen microorganismos que afectan y causan lesiones tisulares en las conchas de abanico peruanas.
The оrigin of the palladian tradition in the early church architecture of North America of the 17–18th centuries
Authors: Tsvetkova Polina
Published: April 2023

The article discusses the stage of formation and development of classical architectural traditions in the United States of America in the 17th-18th centuries on the example of the church architecture of Swedish settlers. The main direction in which both foreign architects and later national American masters worked was classicism, often manifested in the forms of Palladianism. The article describes the degree of influence of A. Palladio's architectural treatise on colonial building practice. Church buildings were built in the settlements the very first and best preserved, for this reason, it is precisely by examining examples of such that we can conclude that the early stage in the development of the classical architectural tradition in the United States. On the basis of local specific building and cultural features, under the influence of the religious institutions of church architecture in Sweden and Northern Europe, this direction received a new reading. The article provides a brief overview of the three oldest churches of the Swedish Christian community, on the example of which the author seeks to trace the history of the origin and development of the national interpretation of the Palladian system. The question is raised about the purity of the application of order architectural solutions in the early cult architecture of North America and the degree of fundamentality of the interpretation of the ideas of classicism and Palladianism. The specific national features of architectural solutions, which manifested themselves in the early church architecture of the colony, are revealed.
Problems of reconstruction of music of the 18th century (using the example of the chant "Angel Vopiyashe")
Authors: Lebedeva-Emelina Antonina
Published: April 2023

The article deals with an unknown manuscript of the late 18th century found in the archives of the Dmitrov Kremlin. Notes previously belonged to the Apraksin family and were kept in the library of the Olgovo estate. Stepan Stepanovich Apraksin was a well-known music lover, in Olgov there was a serf theater, an orchestra, and a choir. The singers sang at divine services in the Church of the Introduction of the Virgin in the village adjacent to the estate. The manuscript contains two hymns — "Dostojno est’" and "Angel vopijashe". The manuscript contains an indication of the authorship of Bortnyansky. The question is being considered whether this authorship can be attributed to both chants, or only to “Dostojno est’”. The music of the choir "Angel vopijashe" is analyzed.The chant "Angel vopijashe" most likely belongs to early classicism, it can be dated to the 1780s. It was not written by the most skillful author, who composed it on the model of Bortnyansky's chants.
Amino acid composition of proteins of meristem cells of maize roots under the combined action of lead, cadmium and nickel ions
Authors: Bohuslavska L. V. , Shupranova L. V. , Holoborodko K. K. , Kunakh O. M.
Published: April 2023

Heavy metals are one of the main causes of plant damage. The main route of entry of  metals into plants is their absorption by the root system from the soil. The accumulation of heavy metals in plants disrupts the flow of biochemical processes. Amino acid metabolism is one of the important factors that ensure biochemical adaptation of organisms to environmental changes. Therefore, the aim of the work was to study the content of protein amino acids in the generative tissues of the maize root under the combined action of lead, cadmium and nickel ions at the early stages of ontogenesis. To assess the impact of heavy metals, two-day-old corn seedlings were transplanted to solutions with heavy metal ions of various concentrations, both individually and in a mixture. The content of protein amino acids in the meristem was characterized by significant variation associated with both quantitative and qualitative changes in the composition of water-soluble proteins during germination. The level of accumulation of amino acids in the meristem cells of maize roots depended on the concentration of the xenobiotic and the germination period, and the general regularity of the influence of nickel ions was a decrease in the content of arginine, leucine, alanine and an increase in the content of histidine, cysteine, serine, proline, and valine. During the period of germination, the qualitative amino acid composition of plants did not change, while the quantitative content of individual amino acids varied greatly. Various increases in the content of dicarboxylic amino acids (glutamate and aspartate) testify to the intensification of metabolic processes under the influence of the studied substances. However, it cannot be excluded that the increase in the content of glutamic and aspartic acids is associated with a decrease in the speed of their utilization. In addition, heavy metals caused an increase in the content of amino acids of the ornithine cycle (arginine) and the end product of the cycle (proline) to varying degrees. Proline is an amino acid that has a stress-protective effect due to the binding of proline aggregates to surface hydrophobic residues of proteins, which prevents their denaturation. Perhaps a similar protective effect of proline occurs in the case, which is being considered.
Territorios de migrantes. Conformación urbano-arquitectónica en tres procesos de asentamiento en Venezuela
Authors: Buitrago Ruiz Diego Alexander
Published: April 2023

Entre 1830 y 1960 arribaron a Venezuela oleadas de migrantes, cuyo número varió de acuerdo con las políticas migratorias regentes. La principal causa de la inmigración fue la necesidad local de fuerza de trabajo para la colonización y explotación de los inexplorados territorios agrícolas, los recién descubiertos territorios petroleros, y los aun en conformación territorios urbanos. Los extranjeros que salían de sus países de origen a causa del conflicto o la pobreza tenían el potencial para impulsar la prosperidad en dichas tierras.
            Ante este panorama, el objetivo del presente artículo es examinar la conformación urbano-arquitectónica en tres procesos de asentamiento de migrantes europeos en territorio venezolano. Para ello se asumió que los grupos inmigrados portan valores, memorias y conocimientos que perviven en la cultura material del lugar de acogida. Para caracterizar a los territorios de migrantes se indagó en sus huellas a través de una revisión documental de fuentes secundarias relacionadas con las temáticas de políticas y datos estadísticos de inmigración, distribución del territorio productivo, proyectos urbanos y arquitectónicos, y el fenómeno de adaptación e identidad cultural.
Necesidades formativas del profesorado unidocente del circuito 07, Pérez Zeledón, Costa Rica
Authors: Salazar-Ureña Olman , Maury-Mena Sara Concepción , Marín-Escobar Juan Carlos , Maury Antony
Published: April 2023

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las tareas del profesorado de enseñanza unidocente (PEU) y determinar sus necesidades formativas en los ámbitos pedagógico y administrativo. La investigación se llevó a cabo durante el primer semestre del año 2021 en el circuito escolar 07 de la Dirección Regional de Educación de Pérez Zeledón (DREPZ), Costa Rica. La muestra la constituyen siete personas, que incluye seis unidocentes y su jefatura. El enfoque utilizado fue cualitativo, por medio de un diseño de estudio de caso. Para la recolección de la información, se realizó un análisis de contenido documental inicialmente, después se desarrolló un grupo focal con las personas participantes y finalmente se aplicaron dos entrevistas a profundidad. Los resultados indican que existen carencias formativas en el ámbito pedagógico, especialmente en relación con métodos constructivistas, contextualización curricular, atención a la diversidad, competencias y habilidades actuales, manejo de las TIC y evaluación auténtica. En el ámbito administrativo, se encontraron necesidades formativas en temas como el Modelo de Evaluación de Calidad de la Educación, manejo financiero y administrativo, presupuestos, actas, licitaciones, planillas, solicitudes de infraestructura, archivos de gestión digital y físico, y planes en general. Además, el estudio identifica la falta de formación integral universitaria y la necesidad de procesos de actualización y autocapacitación en ejercicio para el PEU. En conclusión, el estudio muestra la importancia de una formación más robusta e integrada para el PEU, así como un acompañamiento adecuado durante el ejercicio docente para garantizar un servicio educativo de calidad.
Los planes de estudio de las carreras de formación docente que imparten las universidades públicas y privadas y su coherencia con las políticas educativas en Costa Rica
Authors: Chaves Salas Ana Lupita , Cárdenas Leitón Helvetia , Castro Bonilla Julieta , Olivas Gómez Carlos , Gómez Acuña Yendry
Published: April 2023

Este artículo presenta el resultado de una investigación cuyo propósito fue determinar si los planes de formación de docentes de Educación Preescolar, Educación Primaria y algunas carreras de Educación Secundaria (Matemática, Español, Ciencias e Inglés) de tres universidades públicas y tres privadas son coherentes con la Política Curricular Educar para una nueva ciudadanía y la Política Educativa La Persona: centro del proceso educativo y sujeto transformador de la sociedad, aprobadas por el Consejo Superior de Educación (CSE), en Costa Rica. La investigación se desarrolló en el periodo 2021-2022. Se realizó un estudio mixto con un enfoque socio-crítico naturalista y exploratorio que analizó la propuesta de los planes de estudio de dichas universidades para encontrar, de manera objetiva evidencias al respecto, también se elaboró un cuestionario para atender el criterio de las personas docentes y de quienes coordinan esas carreras universitarias, el cual respondieron 77 de ellas. Los resultados mostraron que las universidades públicas incluyeron el análisis reflexivo y crítico de ambas políticas en los planes de estudio de las carreras de Educación y presentaron mayor coherencia con estas que las universidades privadas. Igualmente se evidenció que las carreras acreditadas son congruentes con las políticas y que tanto las coordinadoras de planes como el profesorado de universidades públicas y privadas las conocían e indicaron que estas forman parte de los planes de estudio. Concluida la investigación, se consideró relevante definir lineamientos para que el Ministerio de Educación Pública (MEP), máximo empleador, trabaje de manera conjunta con las universidades públicas y privadas. Así mismo, se hace necesario dialogar, integrar experiencias e incentivar una reflexión que invite al rediseño de los planes de estudio de formación docente con base en el Marco Nacional de Cualificaciones de las carreras de Educación en concordancia con el escenario expuesto y en el marco de la autonomía universitaria.
Análisis de idoneidad de un banco de ítems para personas con discapacidad auditiva y visual en una prueba estandarizada de acceso a la educación superior en Costa Rica
Authors: Arias Monge Mónica , Solano Alvarado Laura , Rojas Rojas Guaner
Published: April 2023

Las pruebas estandarizadas utilizadas para seleccionar a las personas aspirantes a ingresar a la universidad deben garantizar la igualdad de oportunidades y la equidad. Los bancos de ítems constituyen una valiosa fuente de información sobre la consideración del ítem como objeto de estudio. El propósito de la investigación fue analizar la idoneidad del banco de ítems para personas con discapacidad auditiva y visual del Programa Permanente de la Prueba de Aptitud Académica (PPPAA) de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR). La investigación utilizó un enfoque mixto y de carácter descriptivo, se realizó entre 2016 y 2020, se utilizaron 636 ítems del banco y participaron 5 personas que aportaron el criterio (experto) de idoneidad para cada ítem. El criterio de juzgamiento y la idoneidad del ítem constituyeron las variables de este estudio. Las técnicas utilizadas fueron el análisis de contenido y la hoja de cotejo. Los resultados indicaron que el 31% de los ítems del banco no se consideraron aptos para personas con discapacidad visual y que los criterios de juzgamiento con mayor frecuencia fueron los elementos que complejizan la lectura y el contraste entre enunciado y opciones de respuesta. Adicionalmente, se obtuvo como resultado que el 58% de los ítems del banco no se consideraron aptos para personas con discapacidad auditiva y que el criterio de juzgamiento con mayor frecuencia fue el de vocabulario no apto. Las conclusiones señalan la pertinencia del ajuste del texto del ítem, suprimiendo discursos visuales hegemónicos que posiblemente inciden en la ejecución de la prueba en personas con discapacidad visual. Además, se destaca la importancia de la creación de un banco de ítems en lengua de señas para personas con discapacidad auditiva que garantice la equidad en la ejecución de una prueba estandarizada de altas consecuencias para las personas participantes en el proceso de admisión a la Universidad.
Base de datos para Efecto del ejercicio aeróbico sobre la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria en pacientes sobrevivientes de covid-19: metaanálisis
Authors: Jiménez-Rodríguez Hibsen Alonso , Araya Araya Gerardo
Published: April 2023

El propósito del estudio fue cuantificar el tamaño de efecto (TE) del ejercicio aeróbico sobre la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria en sobrevivientes de la enfermedad COVID-19, producida por el virus SARS-CoV 2. Se revisaron dos bases de datos (EBSCO host y PubMed) entre los meses de agosto a noviembre del año 2021. Se encontraron 142,656 posibles artículos y luego de varios filtros, se incluyeron 9 estudios que cumplían los requisitos de inclusión. Se usó el modelo de efectos aleatorios. Se obtuvieron 12 TE en un primer metaanálisis que tuvo sesgo (según prueba de Egger). Tras identificar y eliminar grupos con TE extremo, se obtuvo un modelo corregido y sin sesgo con 7 estudios y 9 TE, donde se encontró que el ejercicio aeróbico tiene un efecto significativo, positivo y de magnitud grande, sobre la condición cardiorrespiratoria en sobrevivientes a la enfermedad de COVID-19 (TE=0.849; IC95%: 0.715 - 0.982; Q=7.13; p=0.522; I2=0.87%; Egger p=0.205). Las intervenciones con ejercicio aeróbico favorecen la mejora de la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria, en pacientes sobrevivientes de COVID-19. Dos estudios aplicaron solo ejercicio aeróbico, mientras que los otros siete, combinaban aeróbico con ejercicio de fuerza y otras modalidades. En todos los casos se tuvo TE significativo. Finalmente, estos resultados fueron relativamente homogéneos, sin evidenciar la influencia de posibles variables moderadoras.
„Aki keres, az talál?” – A szándékértelmezés szerepe a 36 hónapos gyerekek modellalapú keresési teljesítményében
Authors: Szalai Gerda Margit , Egyed Katalin
Published: April 2023

Háttér és célkitűzések

A vizuális szimbólumok jelentős szerepet játszanak mindennapi életünkben, mivel az indirekt tanulás fontos támogatói. Ahhoz, hogy gazdagodhassunk a szimbólum hordozta információból, értenünk kell szimbólum és referense szimbolikus kapcsolatát, ami hároméves kor előtt nem magától értetődő. Jelen kutatás célja a vizuális szimbólummegértés közvetítő mechanizmusának azonosítása, és ezen keresztül a kisgyermekek vizuális szimbólummegértésének facilitálása volt a gyerekek számára kevéssé ismerős háromdimenziós vizuális szimbólumok esetében.

Módszer

Kutatásunkban harminckét hároméves vett részt véletlenszerűen kísérleti és kontroll feltételbe sorolva. A szorosan illesztett személyek közti elrendezést alkalmazó kísérlet lehetővé tette, hogy a két feltételben alkalmazott procedúra különbségét a szimbólumértés feltételezett közvetítő mechanizmusára korlátozzuk. Ez a különbség a manipulációs fázis során alkalmazott szimbólumok eredetében volt. Míg a kísérleti feltételben használt vizuális szimbólumokat a felnőtt szándékosan hozta létre (társas eredet), a kontroll feltételben véletlenül talált rá az előre elkészített tárgyakra (társas eredet hiánya). Ezt követően minden résztvevő ugyanabban a manipulációs fázistól független modellalapú keresési helyzetben vett részt, ahol az alkalmazott szimbólumok eredetéről már nem állt rendelkezésre információ.

Eredmények

A két feltétel résztvevőinek szimbólumalapú keresési teljesítményét Mann–Whitney-próbával összehasonlítva szignifikáns, nagy hatáserősségű különbség igazolódott a kísérleti feltétel javára, U = 77, p = 0,04, η2 = 0,14. Vagyis, ha hozzáférhetővé tesszük a szimbólum-létrehozás társas eredetét, jobb teljesítményt eredményez a modellalapú keresési feladat során.

Következtetések

A szimbólummegértés és -használat hatékonyan facilitálható, ha a háromévesek rövid tapasztalatot szerezhetnek a szimbólum-létrehozás társas eredetéről. E tapasztalat hatására sikeresebben használják fel a szimbólum hordozta információt egy problémamegoldási helyzetben. Vagyis képesek tapasztalatukat általánosítani olyan szimbólumokra, melyek társas eredete nem hozzáférhető.
New record of Vitex orinocensis Kunth (Lamiaceae) for the state of Ceará, Brazil: insights on its conservation
Authors: Santos Diego , da Costa Francisco Carlos Pinheiro
Published: April 2023

We report the first record of Vitex orinocensis Kunth (Lamiaceae) from Ceará state, northeastern Brazil. This species was collected in an upland Semideciduous Seasonal Forest. This occurrence adds new information about the flora of Ceará and expands the geographic range of this species in Brazil, which is important for its conservation. We provide taxonomic information, distribution map, implications for its conservation status, photographs, and a identification key for the Vitex Tour. ex L. species from Ceará.
Annotated checklist of amphibians and reptiles from Querétaro, Mexico, including new records, and comments on controversial species
Authors: Tepos-Ramírez Mauricio , Garduño-Fonseca Fátima Soledad , Peralta-Robles Cristhian Alejandro , García-Rubio Oscar Ricardo , Cervantes Jiménez Ricardo
Published: April 2023

We present an updated checklist of amphibians and reptiles of Querétaro, Mexico. The herpetofauna of Querétaro is composed of 136 species, 35 amphibians (seven caudates and 28 anurans) grouped in nine families and 20 genera; 101 reptiles (five turtles, 33 lizards, and 63 snakes) grouped in 20 families and 59 genera. We did not include 13 previous records that do not have adequate evidence. We include three newly reported species for Querétaro: Coniophanes imperialis (Baird & Girard, 1859), Scaphiodontophis annulatus (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854), and Xenosaurus newmanorum (Taylor, 1949). A total of 69 species (51% of the total species) are endemic to Mexico, while one species, Sceloporus exsul (Dixon, Ketchersid & Lieb, 1972), is endemic to the state. According to Mexican law (SEMARNAT NOM-059), 50 species are threatened or under special protection, while according to the IUCN red list, only 11 species are under some category of risk. We suggest that a greater survey effort for amphibians and reptiles is required to discover unrecorded species in those areas that have not been sufficiently sampled.
DETERMINATION OF ECONOMIC LOSSES ON AGRICULTURAL LAND IN CONNECTION WITH HOSTILITIES ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE TERRITORY OF KYIVSKA OBLAST IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Land Management Institute of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Ibatullin Shamil , Dorosh Iosyp ,   Land Management Institute of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Dorosh Olha ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Sakal Oksana ,   Land Management Institute of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Butenko Yevhen ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kharytonenko Roman ,   Land Management Institute of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Shtohryn Halyna ,   Land Management Institute of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine
Published: April 2023

Aim of the study: The aim of the study is a determination of economic losses on agricultural lands (arable land) that have been affected by hostilities and need further measures to demine them and to make them eligible for safe food production in order to resolve acute humanitarian and food crisis. Material and methods: The generally accepted methods of scientific research are used: monographic, statistical, analytical, method of comparison, method of interpolation, forecasting, abstract-logical and engraving. Results and conclusions: Economic losses caused by hostilities on the example of the agricultural lands (arable land) in Kyivska oblast in Ukraine were calculated. The spatial aspect of administrative-territorial reform carried out in Ukraine in terms of changes to the number of administrative districts and their area is considered. It was made to be able to work with the data regarding agricultural lands collected for both new and old administrative-territorial divisions of Kyivska oblast. The approximate term of demining works on territories affected by hostilities is considered, taking into account various degree of the shelling intensity and demining works complexity. The unearned income of agricultural producers within cereals, legumes and oilseeds in Kyivska oblast were calculated. The calculations of economic losses associated with the cost of demining works and the impossibility of growing crops in Kyivska oblast were made. Results obtained for Kyivska oblast were interpolated in order to determine the approximate area of arable land affected by hostilities and therefore economic losses on these lands throughout Ukraine.
SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE MAIN CRITICAL TEMPERA-TURES OF NICKEL-BASED SUPERALLOYS OF EQUIAXIAL CRYSTALLIZATION
Authors: Glotka O. , Ol’shanetskii V. , Byelikov S. , Kononov V. , Hvostak V.
Published: April 2023

Purpose. It consists in establishing regularities of the influence of alloying elements on the thermophysical characteristics of nickel-based superalloys of equiaxial crystallization, which allows to optimize the manufacturing and heat treatment processes.

Research methods. The experimental values were processed by mathematical methods to obtain correlation dependencies of the "parameter-property" type and establish regression models that optimally describe these dependencies.

Results. The regularities of the influence of the chemical composition of nickel-based superalloys on thermophysical characteristics have been established. We have obtained ratios that allow us to take into account the criteria of competition (cooperation) of chemical elements and obtain diagrams by which it is possible to determine critical temperatures.

Scientific novelty. The established ratios of Kg¢, Kg, KMC and KM23C6 allow taking into account the criteria of competition (cooperation) of chemical elements in the chemical composition of nickel-based superalloys of equiaxial crystallization. Thanks to the obtained ratios, a diagram was obtained with the help of which it is possible to establish thermophysical characteristics for the alloys of the specified group.

Practical value. An effective solution for establishing the main critical temperatures of nickel-based superalloys of equiaxial crystallization is proposed, which made it possible to optimize the temperatures of production, heat treatment and operation.
STUDY OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL POSSIBILITIES OF THE BALL PROCESSING METHOD IN THE MAGNETIC FIELD OF BLADES WITH OPERATIONAL DAMAGE
Authors: Pukhalska G. , Subbotin S. , Leoshchenko S. , Bezkhlibnyi D.
Published: April 2023

Purpose. To conduct a study of the technological possibilities of the method of treatment with balls in the magnetic field of the pen of vanes that have operational damage.
Research methods. A mechanical method for the study of residual stresses, developed by аcad. Davydenkov, an experimental method for determining the endurance of blades, stepwise regression methods for building regression models.
Results. The study of the geometry of the blade feathers shows that the biggest change in the geometry of the blades occurs in the peripheral zone (intersections A7-A7 and A8-A8). The measurement results show that the microhardness of the surface on the side of the trough is significantly lower than on the backs, and the highest values of roughness are recorded in the peripheral zone of the trough on the side of the entrance edge, which corresponds to the place of maximum operational damage. The parameters of the surface layer were studied and the scheme and optimal mode of processing blades with steel balls in a magnetic field was determined, which leads to a 39% increase in the endurance limit compared to blades that have experience in operation. Regression models of self-oscillation frequencies and blade run-in were built for two engines operated under the same conditions, but with different run-in. Special attention should be paid to measures that can minimize erosive wear of blade edges and increase the service life of engines.
Scientific novelty. A new method of processing the blade feathers with balls in a magnetic field is proposed, which allows differential processing of the blade feathers: only the edge or the entire feather. Also, the method allows you to process blade feathers with operational damage, which leads to increased durability of blades.
Practical value. The conducted studies allow us to recommend the use of the method of processing blade feathers with steel balls in a magnetic field as a technological operation for the restoration of compressor blades that have operational damage in the form of potholes on the inlet edges.
THE EFFECT OF CARBON AND NEGATIVE TEMPERATURE ON THE PHYSICAL, MECHANICAL AND OPERATIONAL PROPERTIES OF AUSTENITIC HIGH-MANGANESE STEEL
Authors: Sazhnev V. , Snizhnoi G.
Published: April 2023

Purpose. It consists in determining the influence of carbon and manganese, concentrations of modifiers, test temperatures on the physical and mechanical properties and wear resistance of austenitic highmanganese steel Г13Л.

Research methods. Determination of impact viscosity was carried out on the MK-30A pendulum probe, microhardness – on the PMT-3 device. The hydrostatic weighing method was used to determine the density. Microstructural analysis and study of non-metallic inclusions were carried out using metallographic and electron microscopes. Corrosion resistance was determined in a model environment with pH9, which corresponded to the production conditions of beneficiation processes of ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy.

Results. It was established that the best indicators of the properties of steel 110Г13Л are provided at average values of carbon and manganese concentrations within the standard. For parts that work under low shock loads, it is advisable to use austenitic wear-resistant steels with lower manganese concentrations and higher carbon concentrations within the standard chemical composition.

Scientific novelty. New dependences on carbon influence, structural modification, non-metallic inclusions, and physical and mechanical properties of high-manganese steel were clarified and obtained. The strength limit of steel increases monotonically with increasing carbon content, and the dependences describing changes in plasticity, impact toughness, and hardness are extreme in nature.

Practical value. A rational method of modification to improve the operational characteristics of steels is proposed. The influence of the test temperature on the impact toughness of steel with changes in carbon concentrations was studied, as the main indicator of the reliability of machine parts at low temperatures.
RESEARCH AND IMPROVEMENT OF THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SILUMIN AK7ч
Authors: Petrashov O. , Kapustian O. , Volchok I. , Mityaev O. , Akimov I.
Published: April 2023

Purpose. Research and improvement of the technology of improving the quality of secondary silumins developed by Zaporizhzhya Polytechnic National University. Due to the lack of own production of primary aluminum in Ukraine, improving the mechanical and service properties of secondary aluminum alloys obtained from scrap is an urgent task.

Research methods. The object of research was the secondary aluminum alloy AK7ч with chemical composition, %: 6.72 Si, 0.05 Cu, 0.08 Mn, 0.32 Mg, 0.02 Zn, 0.01 Ti, from 0.49 to 1 .59 Fe (5 fractions), the rest – Al. To neutralize the negative effect of iron and other impurities on the mechanical properties of the secondary alloy AK7ч, a complex technology (sorting of scrap, refining and modification of liquid metal) was used. The content of the complex modifying additive MK-1 was 0.10%; 0.12%; 0.14%; 0.16% and 0.20%, respectively, with increasing iron content. Yield strength, elongation, and hardness were determined by standard methods at room temperature. Fatigue tests were performed on a magnetostriction machine at a frequency of 18 kHz. Control of the frequency of oscillations was carried out using a frequency meter. The influence of the load frequency on the fatigue characteristics of the alloy was evaluated using the fatigue life curves with a limited endurance limit.

Results. An increase in mechanical properties, including resistance to destruction at high load frequencies, has been achieved.

Scientific novelty. New data were obtained on the effect of iron on the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy AK7ч.

Practical value. The obtained results expand the possibilities of using secondary aluminum alloys. The established dependencies can be used in the optimization of the composition of secondary silumins.
Characteristics of Adults Aged 18–64 Who Did Not Take Medication as Prescribed to Reduce Costs: United States, 2021
Authors: Mykyta Laryssa , Cohen Robin
Published: April 2023

This report examines the characteristics of adults aged 18–64 who took prescription medication in the past 12 months and did not take medication as prescribed due to cost.
Technological Entrepreneurship and Rural Development: A Binomial to Combat Depopulation in Spain
Authors: Jorge-Vázquez Javier , Náñez Alonso Sergio Luis , Kolegowicz Konrad , Kaczmarek Jarosław
Published: April 2023

Objective: This study aims to characterise the phenomenon of depopulation in the rural environment from the point of view of the opportunities offered by technology-based rural entrepreneurship as a lever that promotes population fixation and the economic dynamisation of the most depressed territories subject to the economic and social imbalances generated by depopulation. Research Design & Methods: The research approach is based on the application of case studies as an empirical research technique. In particular, the strategy for the promotion of rural start-ups in CyL – the largest European region and one of the Spanish regions most affected by the negative consequences of depopulation – is analysed. Findings: Empirical evidence has shown that economic conditions have impacted the extent and duration of migration flows from rural areas to a more industrialised urban environment. Thus, in recent decades, the spatial distribution of the population has taken shape characterised by strong concentrations in large cities as opposed to the dispersion and low density of the population in large areas of the territory. Implications / Recommendations: The promotion of rural entrepreneurship through the development of specific actions to encourage the creation of start-up companies could be a solution to the demographic challenge. Contribution / Value Added: The creation of a regional entrepreneurial ecosystem has been possible owing to the financing, growth, scaling, and business internationalisation programmes promoted by the regional government.
Long-term evaluation of patients with BMI = 50kg/m2 who underwent Bariatric Surgery
Authors: MEIRA MATHEUS DUARTE , OLIVEIRA FERNANDO DE SANTA CRUZ , COUTINHO LUCAS RIBEIRO , LEÃO LUÍS HENRIQUE DE ALBUQUERQUE , VASCONCELOS GÉSSICA DE PAULA , SIQUEIRA LUCIANA TEIXEIRA DE , FERRAZ ÁLVARO ANTÔNIO BANDEIRA
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Purpose: to determine the risks and benefits of bariatric surgery in patients with super obesity (SO) in comparison with obesity grades II and III. Methods: retrospective cohort that included a study group of 178 patients with SO and a control group of 181 patients with BMI 35-49.9Kg/m2. The groups were formed in a 1:1 nearest neighbor matching. The main variables were pre- and postoperative BMI and comorbidities, occurrence of severe postoperative complications, bowel obstruction, marginal ulcer, fistulae and 30-day death, besides the necessity of emergency room (ER) admission and abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans in the postoperative period due to acute abdomen. Results: the study group comprised 74.0% of women while the control group had 56.7%. The mean follow-up time was similar between both groups (5.48 x 6.09 years, p=0.216). There was no statistically significant difference on the prevalence of hypertension and T2D between the groups according to the surgical technique. All deaths occurred in the Study group (BMI = 50kg/m2) who underwent RYGB. There was no difference between the groups regarding the occurrence of severe complications. Data on ER admissions and the need for abdominal CT to investigate postoperative abdominal pain did not show statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: despite the high risk related to bariatric surgery in patients with SO, the benefits related to the remission of comorbidities are significant; although being lower than those found in patients with milder grades of obesity.
Comparison of bacterial profile of gallbladder with gallstones from patients undergoing cholecystectomy due to complicated and uncomplicated cholelithiasis: changes in the epidemiological scenario
Authors: HIRATA BRUNO HENRIQUE NUNES , SASAGAWA SUZETHE , NAVARINI ALESSANDRA , MATEUS HENRIQUE CUNHA , PACHECO JUNIOR ADHEMAR MONTEIRO , SALLES MAURO JOSÉ COSTA
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: cholelithiasis is a highly prevalent disease of the digestive system in the world. In Brazil, it is a routine condition, whose studies suggest a prevalence of around 10% of adults. Colonization of bile and gallstone pathogens can occur when there is bacterial stasis and proliferation. This proliferation is facilitated by the adhesion and biofilm formation capacity of some bacteria. There are also lithogenic processes that involve bacterial participation. Studies have shown changes in the microbiota of the gallbladder of patients undergoing cholecystectomy, which may impact empirical treatment with antibiotics. Methodology: microbiological analyzes of the sonication fluid of the gallstones and of two samples with bile were performed. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed according to a standard routine. Results: of the 34 patients, 76.4% were female. The age group was 48 years +/- 16.61. Acute cholecystitis occurred in 50% of cases. Bactobilia was evidenced in 32.1% of the cases. Klebisiella pneumoniae was noted as the most prevalent pathogen in acute cholecystitis; and Enterobacter sp, in cases of uncomplicated cholelithiasis. Greater sensitivity was obtained in the search for microorganisms in the sonication fluid samples of the stones in relation to the bile samples (p=0.0058). Conclusion: there was a higher prevalence of bactobilia in patients with acute cholecystitis compared to those with uncomplicated cholelithiasis. The use of sonication in bacterial investigation proved to be superior to the conventional method and can be considered.
Research on countermeasures for the development of ecological civilization education in schools in the context of cultural diversity
Authors: Chang Bingyu , Liu Xiaodan , Xian Chao
Published: April 2023

Abstract Ecological civilization is a form of civilization and has cultural values. In the process of economic and social development, different countries, regions and ethnic groups are bound to differ in their understanding of the connotation of ecological civilization and its external expression due to differences in social practices. In the context of cultural diversity, the development of ecological civilization education in China is a long-term systematic project, which requires all people’s participation, and can generally be carried out at three levels, including the social level, the national level and the school level. This paper argues that the whole society is the soil for developing ecological civilization education in China, the government is the external guarantee, the schools are the main battlefield and the government mainly relies on schools to achieve the goal of ecological civilization education. Therefore, this paper will focus on the school level to discuss the countermeasures for the development of ecological civilization education in China in the present day of cultural diversity, which includes the goal system, teachers, students, curriculum, methodology and environment. Besides, this article takes Sichuan-Tibet region and Tianjin city as examples to elaborate the specific actions of integrating ethnic ecological culture into ecological civilization education in schools.
Marxist view on global political economy and new market trends
Authors: Zhang Fengrong , Xiao Qianwen
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Capitalism was always dishonest. However, capitalism has generated massive wealth. Capitalism has been linked to exploitation, wealth inequality, economic collapse, and world strife. Political economy has studied capitalism’s multiple faces. Can capitalism’s problems be eliminated while retaining its benefits, as proponents claim? Capitalism can only be eliminated by limiting or abolishing it, say some critics. This issue’s outcome is largely influenced by theory. Economists believe markets are fair for assessing and rewarding economic contributions to society. Individual inadequacy, not market dominance, causes social and individual problems. The Marxian notion that production relations underpin every society is the key to understanding the contemporary breakdown of order. Class structures sustain political, cultural, and ideological institutions. New production relations, or “no class” interactions, are needed to create a postcapitalist society. Just as new economic relationships arose over the centuries during Europe’s transition from feudalism to industrial capitalism, and a new society developed on the foundation of these systems, so new manifestations of monumental growth in production will evolve in the coming generations to reduce crisis-stricken times. Banks needed a rescue after the global economy collapsed in late 2007. Market economies are not self-regulating. Since it upended traditional patterns of thinking, the disaster allowed people to reconsider long-standing issues that had never been resolved. After the crisis, Marx’s “Capital” sold well worldwide, according to booksellers. Marxism is making a return. Due to its critical legacy in the humanities and social sciences, Marxism cannot be confined in a 19th-century framework. Marx permeated our water and air even while he was rejected. Marxism is everywhere in the 21st century. Modern Marxism supports entrepreneurship and free enterprise if they improve society.
Microconcreto autoadensável em reforços estruturais: aplicação como ponte de aderência
Authors: Machado Michelle , Bacarji Edgar , Carasek Helena
Published: April 2023

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de um microconcreto para reforços estruturais, como ponte de aderência entre concreto velho e concreto novo. Foi avaliada a substituição da areia por um fíler, subproduto de britagem, a partir de um traço de referência. Os ligantes utilizados foram cimento Portland (85%) e sílica ativa (15%). A relação água/ligante e proporção entre cimento e sílica ativa foram obtidas de forma experimental, maximizando-se a utilização do aditivo superplastificante e obtendo-se condições aceitáveis de autoadensabilidade das misturas. Foram avaliadas as propriedades no estado fresco e endurecido, aderência do microconcreto em dois substratos e como ponte de aderência, simulando uma situação de reforço estrutural. Obtiveram-se boas propriedades de autoadensabilidade do MC, com aumento de 26% no espalhamento e 5% no tempo de escoamento do MC com 15% de substituição em relação ao MC de referência. Para 15% de substituição, observou-se aumento de 18% no módulo de elasticidade e redução de quase 9% na absorção total de água. Também se obtiveram bons resultados de aderência em substrato de concreto, demonstrados pela ruptura coesiva observada no ensaio de aderência. Em situação de reparo estrutural, o material mostrou-se satisfatório como ponte de aderência entre concretos.
The bycatch of piramutaba, Brachyplatystoma vaillantii industrial fishing in a salinity and depth gradient in the Amazon estuary, Brazil
Authors: MARCENIUK Alexandre Pires , SOARES Bruno Eleres , ROTUNDO Matheus Marcos , CAIRES Rodrigo Antunes , ROSA Ricardo de Souza , SANTOS Wagner César Rosa dos , CORDEIRO Ana Patrícia Barros , ROMÃO JUNIOR João Gomes , AKAMA Alberto , WOSIACKI Wolmar Benjamin , KLAUTAU Alex Garcia Cavalleiro de Macedo , CINTRA Israel Hidenburgo Aniceto , BARTHEM Ronaldo
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT The piramutaba, Brachyplatystoma vaillantii is a freshwater catfish that is the most abundant fishery resource in the Amazon estuary. Piramutaba trawling is done on industrial fishing scale and is characterized by the presence of many freshwater and marine bycatch species, with and without commercial value. Here we describe the bycatch of the industrial fishery of piramutaba in the Amazon estuary and evaluate the relationship of two important environmental factors, depth and salinity, with the accidental capture of freshwater and marine fishes in the Amazon estuary in the rainy and dry seasons. We identified 21 cartilaginous fish species (19.1% freshwater and 80.9% marine) and 125 bony fish species (25.6% freshwater and 74.4% marine). The bycatch included 64 species without commercial value (43% of all bycatch species), which are always discarded. Freshwater and estuarine fishes exhibited significantly higher abundances in shallower environments, while marine fishes were similarly abundant along the entire depth gradient. On the contrary, the abundance of freshwater fishes significantly decreased, and that of estuarine and marine fishes significantly increased with increasing salinity. Regarding the conservation status of the bycatch species, one is classified as vulnerable (VU), and seven as critically endangered (CR). The information on the bycatch of piramutaba fishery in the Amazon estuary is important to subsidize regional fisheries policies and the management of protected areas.
Streblid flies parasitizing cave bats in Carajás, Amazonia, with a new record for Brazil
Authors: BARBIER Eder , BERNARD Enrico
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Streblid flies (Diptera: Streblidae) are hematophagous and highly specialized parasitic insects, found only on bats (Chiroptera). Caves are important roosts for bats but, despite harboring high bat richness, relatively few studies exist on the ecology and biology of streblid flies in cave environments, especially in Amazonia, the largest domain in northern Brazil, with >140 bat species and thousands of caves. To fill some of the gaps in the geographical distribution and interspecific relationships for streblid flies in the region, we sampled bats in six caves in Carajás National Forest, a protected area in Pará state (Brazil). Thirteen of the 14 streblid species found are new records for Carajás, with three new records for Pará state and two for the northern region of Brazil. Nycterophilia fairchildi was recorded for the first time in Brazil. Most streblids had host-specific behavior, however, N. fairchildi, Trichobius caecus, and T. johnsonae were less host-specific, parasitizing different Pteronotus bat species. The gregarious behavior of Pteronotus species and the spatial distribution of their colonies within the caves may be important factors in the flies’ exchange among congener hosts and deserve special attention in future studies. Furthermore, studies on ecological interaction networks between bats and their ectoparasitic flies in caves will be useful for a broader understanding of how this relationship is structured over time and space, as well as its impact on both bats and flies.
Enfermeiro de Prática Avançada da Família: estudo exploratório
Authors: Melo Marjorie Dantas Medeiros , Silva Isabelle Pereira da , Freitas Luana Souza , Mesquita Simone Karine da Costa , Sonenberg Andrea , Costa Isabelle Katherinne Fernandes
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender sobre a prática, processo educacional e política dos Enfermeiros de Prática Avançada da Família dos Estados Unidos. Método: Estudo exploratório, quanti-qualitativo, desenvolvido em 2019 a partir de observações clínicas e entrevistas com sete Enfermeiros de Prática Avançada da Família no estado de Nova Iorque. As entrevistas foram transcritas e analisadas pela pesquisadora mediante as observações realizadas e também pelo software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionneires. A pesquisa foi aprovada sob Parecer IRB19-49. Resultados: Três partições de conteúdo emergiram na Classificação Hierárquica Descendente: 1) O ser Enfermeiro de Prática Avançada; 2) Rotas Educacionais e possibilidades de atuação; e 3) Ser político: um caminho para transformação. Foi possível descrever competências e habilidades consideradas destaque em relação a outras categorias profissionais, pontos de melhorias na sua formação educacional e a importância da representação política e do ser ativo no desempenho da função. Conclusão: A realização deste estudo realça as similaridades com o enfermeiro atuante na Atenção Primária no Brasil e serve como subsídio no processo de implementação dessa categoria na Atenção Primária brasileira.