bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
De expedientes y narrativas: mirada médica y experiencia del padecimiento en niños y adolescentes con epilepsia en Hermosillo
Authors: Figueroa Duarte Ana Silvia
Published: February 2017

El presente artículo es una síntesis de los principales resultados obtenidos en mi trabajo de tesis, perteneciente al área de Epidemiología Sociocultural, del Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Sociales de El Colegio de Sonora. Se realizó mediante dos estrategias: la primera, un análisis de expedientes clínicos en una unidad de atención infantil de la localidad (un censo de un año), para conocer la epidemiología y las características clínicas de la enfermedad; en la segunda se llevaron a cabo entrevistas a seis familias que residen en la periferia de la ciudad, con el objetivo de conocer desde su perspectiva las principales dificultades a las que se han enfrentado para atender el padecimiento de la epilepsia de sus hijos. Se concluye con una serie de reflexiones y sugerencias.
Etnicidad y salud: Estado del arte y referentes del noroeste de México
Authors: Haro Jesús Armando
Published: February 2017

El propósito central de este ensayo es mostrar la necesidad de ampliar nuestros referentes teóricos y metodológicos en el estudio de la relación entre etnicidad y salud, a partir de la premisa de particularizar el análisis epidemiológico mediante la integración de datos cuantitativos y cualitativos, en concordancia con el enfoque de la epidemiología sociocultural. Para ello, el trabajo aborda inicialmente el estado del arte para proponer la conveniencia de distinguir entre tres ámbitos relacionados: el genotipo, el fenotipo y la etnicidad. Enseguida se presentan algunos resultados selectos de investigación que pretenden señalar ciertas diferencias relevantes entre los pueblos indígenas del país y los de la región noroeste de México. Finalmente, se amplían algunas reflexiones emanadas de este ejercicio a modo de conclusiones y se examina la pertinencia de la epidemiología sociocultural como marco analítico para aplicarse en particular al estudio de la salud en poblaciones étnicamente diferenciadas.
Los clusters industriales del noreste de México (1993-2003). Perspectivas de desarrollo en el marco de una mayor integración económica con Texas
Authors: Dávila Flores Alejandro
Published: February 2017

Con la metodología de Feser y Bergman (2000), se identifican los clusters industriales del noreste de México. Con técnicas de análisis económico regional, se evalúa su desempeño económico de 1993 a 2003. Finalmente, se exploran sus oportunidades de desarrollo en el marco de una mayor integración comercial con el estado de Texas.
Remesas y desarrollo humano: el caso de Zacatecas
Authors: Castillo Ponce Ramón A. , Larios Candelas Anayatzin
Published: February 2017

Tradicionalmente, el estudio de las remesas se ha enfocado a evaluar su repercusión económica en la comunidad receptora. El presente estudio adopta una visión alternativa y analiza su efecto en el desarrollo humano de las familias que las reciben. El interés es saber si los fondos que llegan del extranjero son empleados en rubros distintos a los del consumo tradicional; tales como cuidado médico o educación. Con datos de la muestra del XII Censo general de población y vivienda, se construyó un índice de desarrollo humano (IDH), para Zacatecas y se estimó su relación estadística con las remesas. Mediante una metodología de variables instrumentales, se encontró que están positiva y significativamente relacionadas con el IDH.
Agricultura comercial, industria y estructura ocupacional en Sonora (1900-1960)
Authors: Cárdenas García Nicolás
Published: February 2017

En este artículo se analiza la conexión entre el modelo de desarrollo y la estructura ocupacional en Sonora, entre 1900 y 1960, con el objetivo de entender el ritmo y la naturaleza de la industrialización en esta entidad. Con base en las fuentes estadísticas disponibles, se revisan los sectores que confieren dinamismo a la economía así como la composición y fuerza de trabajo del sector industrial. Se argumenta que el paso al modelo de crecimiento centrado en la agricultura comercial implicó una cierta desindustrialización, así como desequilibrios regionales graves.
La riqueza escondida en el desierto: la búsqueda de metales preciosos en el noroeste de Sonora durante los siglos XVIII y XIX
Authors: Taylor Hansen Lawrence Douglas
Published: February 2017

La explotación de yacimientos de oro y plata en el noroeste de Sonora, que inició con una serie de descubrimientos importantes durante el siglo xviii, siguió desempeñando un papel significativo en la economía regional también en el siglo xix. Esta continuidad se debió, en parte, a nuevos hallazgos de minerales, particularmente en la zona de la Papaguería (1834-1844), así como al resurgimiento de algunos de los sitios más antiguos, como La Cieneguilla y San Francisco de Asís. Al tomar en cuenta todo el periodo, la cantidad de metales preciosos producidos —en especial de oro— fue considerable. Las actividades mineras ayudaron a estimular el comercio e incrementar la población de Altar, Caborca y Sonoita, que se convirtieron en centros importantes de la región.
Conflictos en el empleo de medicina tradicional
Authors: Urióstegui Flores Adrián
Published: February 2017

Los practicantes biomédicos de Taxco, Guerrero, guardan una relación conflictiva y complementaria respecto al empleo de la medicina tradicional y la nosología popular. Situación que se analiza aquí, a la vez que se aportan experiencias vinculadas con la implementación de programas relacionados con dicha opción, y posturas de curanderos ante la expansión de la medicina científica en el ámbito local. Los hallazgos principales demuestran la apertura, aprobación y complementación hacia la medicina tradicional por parte del personal de salud estudiado. En contraparte, los datos también reflejan cómo curanderos comunitarios continúan luchando contra las técnicas e ideología biomédicas difundidas de manera insistente entre la población de Taxco.
Liberalización económica y desigualdad salarial en 12 áreas urbanas de México, 1987-2002: la hipótesis de la “u” invertida de Kuznets
Authors: Plascencia López Ismael
Published: February 2017

En este artículo se analiza la evolución de la desigualdad del ingreso salarial, medida por el coeficiente de Gini en 12 áreas urbanas del país —por tamaño de población y producto interno bruto estatal— de 1987 a 2002, y su relación con otras variables asociadas al proceso de liberalización económica, como la apertura comercial, las exportaciones, la inversión extranjera directa nacional y el pib manufacturero estatal. Se contrasta la relación entre variables con la hipótesis de la “u” invertida de Kuznets, mediante datos en panel, corte trasversal y series de tiempo en el análisis regional (zonas urbanas y entidades federativas).
Mercado de trabajo e industria maquiladora en Sonora y la frontera norte
Authors: Díaz González Eliseo
Published: February 2017

En el presente trabajo se analiza el mercado laboral en Sonora y los demás estados de la frontera norte de México, a partir de la evolución de la industria maquiladora y su relación con el empleo y los salarios regionales. Para una economía de bienes comercializables y no comercializables, que utiliza un modelo en el que el comercio internacional influye sobre el empleo y los salarios de la región, y con base en una estimación con datos de panel, se estudia el efecto de la demanda del empleo y los salarios provenientes de la demanda de exportaciones de bienes manufacturados sobre el sector no maquilador, de 1997 a 2004, con énfasis en la etapa de cierre de empresas maquiladoras en 2001 y 2003. Los resultados sugieren que, para este periodo en particular, el empleo en los sectores distintos a la maquila determina el equilibrio en el mercado de trabajo, y que los salarios de las maquiladoras son influidos por el equilibrio en la oferta y demanda de dichos sectores.
Las exportaciones de China y los determinantes locales del empleo en las maquiladoras de la frontera norte de México
Authors: Mendoza Jorge Eduardo
Published: February 2017

Recientemente, las maquiladoras mexicanas han reducido su ritmo de crecimiento. El estudio estima la repercusión de la industria de Estados Unidos y las exportaciones de China en la demanda de trabajo de las maquiladoras de la frontera norte de México. Con datos sobre la industria estadounidense, las exportaciones de China, los salarios en la maquila y el tipo de cambio peso-dólar, se estableció un modelo empírico de cointegración. Los resultados muestran que la demanda de trabajo tiene una relación negativa con las exportaciones de China y los salarios, y la producción industrial de Estados Unidos, pero que el tamaño promedio de la planta y el tipo de cambio tienen un efecto positivo.
El estudio de las percepciones de la gestión de la calidad del agua, una herramienta para fortalecer la participación pública en la microcuenca del río Fogótico, Chiapas
Authors: Benez Mara Cristina , Kauffer Michel Edith F. , Soares Moraes Denise , Álvarez Gordillo Guadalupe
Published: February 2017

Existen diferencias en las percepciones de los grupos sociales del tipo “político”, “institucional” y “usuarios del agua” acerca de la gestión actual de la calidad del agua y la esperada a futuro, en la microcuenca del río Fogótico en San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas. El objetivo del presente artículo es mostrar estas discrepancias. Los resultados de la investigación, fundamentada en herramientas cualitativas, permitieron identificar la relación de dichos grupos con la desarticulación y omisión de acciones por parte de las autoridades responsables del manejo del agua, el marco legal en la materia, la organización de la comunidad y las cuestiones de género que también influyen. Lo anterior llevó a reflexionar sobre la contribución potencial de los estudios sobre las percepciones acerca del medio ambiente para la gestión de cuencas hidrográficas y la participación pública.
La descentralización: una mirada desde las políticas públicas y las relaciones intergubernamentales en Baja California
Authors: Jaramillo Cardona Martha Cecilia
Published: February 2017

Otorgar autonomía política a los gobiernos no basta para asegurar o mejorar los servicios públicos, así lo muestra el análisis teórico de la presente investigación. Es necesario considerar la descentralización desde otros enfoques, porque sólo así se abren espacios para establecer relaciones francas, y tomar decisiones conjuntas entre Estado y sociedad para lograr las metas. Por tanto, el objetivo aquí es analizar la importancia del concepto descentralización y sus implicaciones, a partir de las políticas públicas y relaciones intergubernamentales. La descentralización constituye la oportunidad para que las administraciones locales diseñen políticas públicas acordes a las necesidades reales de sus regiones, y para que establezcan relaciones coordinadas entre los diversos ámbitos de gobierno. La investigación se realizó de 2003 a junio de 2006 en el estado de Baja California.
Regímenes de planificación transfronteriza: México-Estados Unidos
Authors: Peña Medina Sergio
Published: February 2017

Este artículo ofrece un marco teórico conceptual aplicado a la frontera México-Estados Unidos, para abordar la planificación transfronteriza desde la óptica de los regímenes identificados, que están enfocados al manejo de recursos compartidos, a la oferta de bienes públicos y al manejo de riesgos. El argumento central gira en torno a la habilidad de ambos países para desarrollar una capacidad institucional de planificación transfronteriza. Se analiza la evolución de sus prácticas, actores y la agenda, que da como resultado la formación de regímenes de planificación transfronteriza que operan de manera simultánea.
Cultura política: una propuesta socio-antropológica de la construcción de sentido en la política
Authors: Castro Domingo Pablo
Published: February 2017

Este artículo analiza algunos de los paradigmas más importantes de la cultura política, con la finalidad de intentar una síntesis fenomenológica desde las ciencias antropológicas. Al mismo tiempo, a partir de la noción de cultura política, se propone la construcción de una ruta nueva de investigación para enriquecer los estudios regionales.
EL PAPEL DE LOS JUEGOS EN LA TRANSMISIÓN CULTURAL: LOS POEMAS HOMÉRICOS Y LAS OLIMPIADAS EN LA SOCIEDAD ORAL GRIEGA
Authors: Cantarero Luis
Published: February 2017

La intención de este trabajo es revelar el papel de los juegos en la cultura oral griega. A modo de introducción resumimos los rasgos más generales y característicos del oralismo. Una vez situados en el contexto general veremos que los juegos descritos en los poemas homéricos y los que se realizaban en la Grecia clásica –Olímpicos, Píticos, Ístmicos y Nemeos– tenían dos funciones primordiales: proporcionar entretenimiento y construir un orden social; orden que, como mostramos en las siguientes líneas, viene sintetizado por los valores que aglutina el héroe homérico y olímpico: el noble-deportista-amateur.
GÉNERO Y CULTURA DEPORTIVA: JÓVENES DE ETNIA GITANA Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA EN ESPAÑA
Authors: Blasco Dora
Published: February 2017

En este artículo me he centrado en las relaciones entre el género y el desempeño de la actividad deportiva en los colegios. Más concretamente, en las líneas que siguen he querido poner de manifiesto que la cultura de las jóvenes gitanas repercute directamente en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la educación física. Mi intención ha sido analizar cuáles son los rasgos que caracterizan dicha cultura y cómo interactúan con la docencia mencionada. En el texto, se describen situaciones diarias y problemas cotidianos observados en un centro escolar público con el objetivo de proporcionar algunas claves para llevar a buen término los contenidos curriculares básicos de la educación física en el caso en concreto de las niñas de etnia gitana de tercer ciclo de primaria.
ESTUDIOS DE CULTURA MAYA, VOL. 26, CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS MAYAS
Authors: S. Lowe Lynneth
Published: February 2017

RESEÑAESTUDIOS DE CULTURA MAYA, VOL. 26, CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS MAYAS, INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES FILOLÓGICAS, UNAM, MÉXICO, 2006
Factores descriptivos para la conformación de cooperativas binacionales: Costa Rica-Panamá
Authors: Hernández Castro Gustavo , Li Bonilla Federico , Cordero Prendas Angélica
Published: February 2017

El siguiente artículo explica los factores descriptivos determinantes que inciden en la conformación de un cooperativa binacional, para el caso de la región fronteriza entre Costa Rica y Panamá. La importancia de delimitar los factores descriptivos, radica en que estos, facilitarán comprender las expectativas de las personas y de las comunidades que habitan en la zona de estudio en el engranaje del desarrollo económico y social de esos espacios fronterizos. Asimismo, se define las cooperativas binacionales como una forma de organización que tiene como propósito representar intereses económicos en territorios entre dos países, para el desarrollo económico y social de las naciones participantes, a su vez, implica normalizar aspectos jurídicos que le permitan funcionalidad y grado de independencia en su gestión administrativa.
Pengaruh Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw Pada Materi Kesetimbangan Kimia Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas XI MIA SMA Negeri 2 Palu
Authors: Sisilia Maria , Sakung Jamaluddin , Said Irwan
Published: February 2017

The aim of this study is to determine the learning outcomes of students in the class which is treatedwith the cooperative learning model Jigsaw whether it is better than the untreated class on chemicalequilibrium topic. This study is a quasi-experimental research design with Non Randomized Pretest-posttest control group design. The population in this study is 245 students of class XI MIA withacademic year 2014/2015, from 8 classes. The sample in this study class XI MIA 5 (n = 32) as anexperimental class while class XI MIA 6 (n = 32) as a control class. The analysis of data obtained inthe experimental class, X1 1 valueis 79.66 with a standard deviation = 9.41. In the control class, X2valueis 70.03 with a standard deviation = 11.13. The result of hypothesisis found that tcalculated>ttable(5.53 > 1.67) with a significance level (α = 0.05) and degrees of freedom = 62. This shows that H0 isrejected and H1 is accepted. Therefore, it can be concluded that student learning outcomes in class which is treated using the cooperative learning model Jigsaw is better than the untreated class on chemicalequilibrium topic.
Pemanfaatan Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) Sebagai Adsorben Untuk Meningkatkan Mutu Minyak Jelantah
Authors: Juliana I Nengah , Gonggo Siang Tandi , Said Irwan
Published: February 2017

The aim of this study is to lower the value quality parameters of used cooking oil to reach thenational industry standards using adsorbent of noni (morinda citrifolia L.) fruit as well as to determinethe optimum concentration (% w/w) of noni in increasing quality of used cooking oil. The parametersin this study are the water content, free fatty acids, colour and density. The method used to determinethe water content and free fatty acid levels were the gravimetric method and acid-base titration,while determination of the colour and density used UV-Vis spectrophotometer and pycnometer. Theconcentration of noni adsorbent in the oil refining process varied ie 12%, 15%, 18%, 21%, and 24%.The results showed that the water content, free fatty acids, and the density decrease with an increase inadsorbent. The oil colourwas brighter with increasing noni fruit adsorbent used. The study showed thatthe noni fruit adsorbent can lower the value quality parameters of used cooking oil, and only the densityfrom the four parameters did not meet ISO standard. The concentration weight per weight (% w/w)optimum noni fruit was 24%.
Adsorpsi Ion Tembaga (Cu) Dan Ion Besi (Fe) Dengan Menggunakan Arang Hayati (Biocharcoal) Kulit Pisang Raja (Musa sapientum)
Authors: Nirmala Nirmala , Tiwow Vanny M. A. , Suherman Suherman
Published: February 2017

This study determine the contact time, pH, and the optimum concentration of the solution ofcopper (Cu) and iron (Fe) from skin the plantain (musa sapientum). Advances in the industry todayresulted in many human activities that caused increasing impact of the pollution on surrounding of theenvironment. Environmental pollution by heavy metals being a serious problem along with increasingthe use of heavy metals in the industry. The method used in this study was a laboratory experiment usingcolorimeter. The results showed that the adsorption of copper and iron on the plantain bark influencea time variation of Cu and Fe occurred in the 60 minute and 30 minute (99.64% and 99.54%);variation of pH for Cu and Fe occurrs in pH 4 and pH 3 (99.62% and 99.58%) and variation ofconcentration for Cu and Fe occurred at 20 ppm and 1 ppm (80.74% and 96.81%), respectively.
Pengaruh Waktu Perebusan Biji Nangka (Artocapus heterophyllus Lamk) Terhadap Kadar Karbohidrat, Protein, Dan Lemak
Authors: Yulianti Selvi , Ratman Ratman , Solfarina Solfarina
Published: February 2017

Jackfruit seeds are part of the jackfruit which were not used optimally. The seeds can be eat directly after boiling and can also be changed as flour because it contains carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. This study was conducted to test the levels of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats of Jackfruit seeds after boiledat different times, i.e 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 45 minutes. Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats weredetermined successively using the phenol sulfuric acid, the Kjeldahl and the Soxhlet extraction methods.Levels of carbohydrates atvarious boiling timesof 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 45 minutes were 49.06 %, 43.68 %, dan 42.75 %. . Levels of proteinswere 3.928 %, 3.837 %, and 3.568 %, while levels of fatswere 5.40 %, 0.95 %, and 0.40 %. The results showed that the longer the boiling time affected to declining levels of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Demographic Prevalence of Drug Abuse in youth: Cases from the Surkhet District of Nepal
Authors: Pathak Dhanush Chandra
Published: February 2017

Any substance used in chemistry, dyeing, or any technical process or mix or adulterate with a drug, esp. a narcotic or prison. Drug abuse as a term used to indicate the excessive use of a drug, regardless of whether an individual has reached the point of true dependence on it, or not. The main objective of this study is to identify the demographic prevalence of drug abuse among youth in Surkhet district. Quantitative research method was used to draw the data from 29 respondents of Birendranagar valley of Nepal. Simple Random sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Frequency table was generated for quantitative data. Demographic factors and pattern were taken to identify the demographic prevalence of drug abuse. Demographic factors had covered age, family, caste/ethnicity, education, occupation and marital status. Likely pattern factors had covered place where they use drug, what types of drug they use and with whom they use drug. Among them, majority respondents reported they use mostly drug use age is between 21 - 25. Likewise Brahmin/Chhetri Caste and ethnicity used more drug to compare others caste. Equally more prevalence of drug use can see in Nuclear Family.Journal of Advanced Academic Research Vol. 3, No. 2, 2016, Page: 82-91
Predictors of the level of Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of HIV & AIDS
Authors: Karki Tej Bahadur
Published: February 2017

The study was conducted with the aim to explore the predictors of the level of knowledge, attitude, practices of HIV and AIDS. The study was conducted among the 404 respondents of 15-49 years in Kathmandu valley, Nepal. Quantitative technique was adopted during the data collection. Respondents were selected by using the simple random sampling. Linear regression model was used to find out the impact of demographic variables and social factors on level of knowledge, attitude and practices of HIV and AIDS. The result shows that the demographic variables only explain 10.80% of the variation in the knowledge, 39.40% of the variation in the attitude towards the HIV and AIDS and 33.10% of the variation in the practices of HIV and AIDS. Similarly, individual factors (IF), political factors (PF), educational factors (EF), economic factors (EcoF) and socio-cultural factors (SCF) only explains 17.7% of the variation in the knowledge, 12.40% of the variation in the attitude towards HIV and AIDS and  5.01% of the variation in the practices of HIV and AIDS. Individual should be sincere in his/her behavior and practices to reduce the risk of HIV transmission. Besides that, Government should take the responsibilities to address the other factors associated with risk of HIV and AIDS.Journal of Advanced Academic Research Vol. 3, No. 2, 2016, Page: 115-127
Studies on the prevalence of zoonotic important protozoan parasite Sarcocystis sp. in Nepal
Authors: Rana Hari Bahadur , Manandhar Krirshna Das
Published: February 2017

Sarcocystosis is a disease caused by Sarcocystis sp. of protozoan parasite and it has a zoonotic aspect. Four hundred forty one water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) were examined to assess zoonotic important protozoan and helminth parasites. Among them 441 buffalo samples were observed, only 285 (64.63%) buffaloes were infected with protozoan and helminth parasites. The total prevalence rate of protozoan parasite Sarcocystis sp. was the highest 124 (43.51%). The prevalence rate of five different areas of the country, the highest prevalence rate was found in Butwal 37 (49.46%) followed by Dharan 26 (48.14%), Kathmandu 22 (46.80%), Chitwan 38 (41.30%) and Nepalganj 18 (32.72%). So, in Nepal Sarcocystis sp. was most common parasite of water buffaloes and most of the human infection occurs by ingestion of raw or improperly cocked meat of infected animals. The risk of infection of Sarcocystis sp. was very high but not yet paid attention neither from the Government nor from the private sectors.Journal of Advanced Academic Research Vol. 3, No. 2, 2016, Page: 147-149
Restricted opportunity: the missing point in Nepali migration- discourse
Authors: Karki Pralhad , Manandhar K D
Published: February 2017

Restricted opportunity is the key push-factor that compels Nepalis to leave home for job abroad. Yet it is not taken seriously in the Nepali migration-discourse. A general survey of literature of migration issues in Nepal reveals how the factor is sidelined by stakeholders of migration particularly policy makers and those who are responsible for managing the foreign employment sector. Scholars are mostly found not emphasizing the point in their academic rhetoric on migration issues. Because of this there is a trend to surround migration discussion with two themes - remittance and labor-export.  Although the themes are important and relevant, they alone cannot make the migration discourse complete. Due attention should therefore be given to the restricted opportunity and all components attached to it.  Journal of Advanced Academic Research, Vol. 3, No. 2, 2016 150-159
Earthquake Damage Assessment in the Traditional Town of Sankhu, Kathmandu
Authors: Shrestha Sudha , Bajracharya Ashim R. , Bajracharya Luna , Shrestha Nisha , Maharjan Monika
Published: February 2017

Nepal Earthquakes 2015 April and may caused huge loss of lives and properties in the country. Several traditional buildings and monuments in the Kathmandu Valley were literally collapsed to the ground, completely changing the built form of several traditional towns such as Bungamati, Khokana, and Lubhu. In this regards, traditional town Sankhu is also not in an exception. According to the field survey, 90% of traditional houses were severely damaged in Sankhu. In this respect, this study was focused on rebuilding of Sankhu, preserving its traditional form and analyzing it from economic perspective. The study was based on household survey and the respondents were selected as per their availability and willingness to participate in the research process. The traditional building construction technology is rich in terms of resilience against earthquakes, if it is well maintained. Maintenance and repair of building elements of traditional building is relatively simple, without affecting the building structure and other building elements, as compared to RCC structure. Sankhu is economically struggling town and, it is very important to rebuild the town in traditional style to bring back its original identity for its prosperity in trade and tourism. It is an opportunity to bring some of the lost glory of the past and its outstanding building and monuments.Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2016, 12(1): 27-38
Effect of Modification of Deck Properties on Suspension Bridges
Authors: Shrestha Jagat Kumar
Published: February 2017

Different type of deck configuration has been used for suspension bridge depending upon different design requirements. Changes in deck properties lead to changes in behavior of a suspension bridge. In this study, effect of deck modification of a existing bridge from timber to steel deck is considered. Three dimensional finite element models is developed and analyzed changing the deck material from timber to steel which causes reduction in weight and changes in design parameters. This changes the dynamic behavior of the bridge and affects the performance of bearings. The study has been carried out in real world problem encountered in Mugling Suspension Bridge over Trishuli River in Nepal. The study has come up with conclusions and recommendations to increase mass of deck material and replacement of bearings for better performance.Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2016, 12(1): 39-50
Temperature-Dependent Sellmeier Equations of IR Nonlinear Optical Crystal BaGa4Se7
Authors: Zhai Naixia , Li Chao , Xu Bo , Bai Lei , Yao Jiyong , Zhang Guochun , Hu Zhanggui , Wu Yicheng
Published: February 2017

The thermal dependent principal refractive indices of a new promising IR nonlinear optical crystal BaGa4Se7 at wavelengths of 0.546, 0.5806, 0.644, 0.7065, 1.530, 1.970, and 2.325μm were measured by using the vertical incidence method within the temperature range from 25 to 150 °C. We derived equations of thermal refractive index coefficients as a function of wavelength that could be used to calculate the principal thermal refractive indices at different wavelengths. The temperature-dependent Sellmeier equations were also obtained and used to calculate the phase matching angles for the optical parametric process of BaGa4Se7 crystal at different temperatures.
Equivalent Circulation Density Analysis of Geothermal Well by Coupling Temperature
Authors: Zheng Xiuhua , Duan Chenyang , Yan Zheng , Ye Hongyu , Wang Zhiqing , Xia Bairu
Published: February 2017

The accurate control of the wellbore pressure not only prevents lost circulation/blowout and fracturing formation by managing the density of the drilling fluid, but also improves productivity by mitigating reservoir damage. Calculating the geothermal pressure of a geothermal well by constant parameters would easily bring big errors, as the changes of physical, rheological and thermal properties of drilling fluids with temperature are neglected. This paper researched the wellbore pressure coupling by calculating the temperature distribution with the existing model, fitting the rule of density of the drilling fluid with the temperature and establishing mathematical models to simulate the wellbore pressures, which are expressed as the variation of Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD) under different conditions. With this method, the temperature and ECDs in the wellbore of the first medium-deep geothermal well, ZK212 Yangyi Geothermal Field in Tibet, were determined, and the sensitivity analysis was simulated by assumed parameters, i.e., the circulating time, flow rate, geothermal gradient, diameters of the wellbore, rheological models and regimes. The results indicated that the geothermal gradient and flow rate were the most influential parameters on the temperature and ECD distribution, and additives added in the drilling fluid should be added carefully as they change the properties of the drilling fluid and induce the redistribution of temperature. To ensure the safe drilling and velocity of pipes tripping into the hole, the depth and diameter of the wellbore are considered to control the surge pressure.
Complexing Methylene Blue with Phosphorus Dendrimers to Increase Photodynamic Activity
Authors: Dabrzalska Monika , Janaszewska Anna , Zablocka Maria , Mignani Serge , Majoral Jean , Klajnert-Maculewicz Barbara
Published: February 2017

The efficiency of photodynamic therapy is limited mainly due to low selectivity, unfavorable biodistribution of photosensitizers, and long-lasting skin sensitivity to light. However, drug delivery systems based on nanoparticles may overcome the limitations mentioned above. Among others, dendrimers are particularly attractive as carriers, because of their globular architecture and high loading capacity. The goal of the study was to check whether an anionic phosphorus dendrimer is suitable as a carrier of a photosensitizer—methylene blue (MB). As a biological model, basal cell carcinoma cell lines were used. We checked the influence of the MB complexation on its singlet oxygen production ability using a commercial fluorescence probe. Next, cellular uptake, phototoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and cell death were investigated. The MB-anionic dendrimer complex (MB-1an) was found to generate less singlet oxygen; however, the complex showed higher cellular uptake and phototoxicity against basal cell carcinoma cell lines, which was accompanied with enhanced ROS production. Owing to the obtained results, we conclude that the photodynamic activity of MB complexed with an anionic dendrimer is higher than free MB against basal cell carcinoma cell lines.
Dietary Protein in Older Adults: Adequate Daily Intake but Potential for Improved Distribution
Authors: Cardon-Thomas Danielle , Riviere Timothy , Tieges Zoë , Greig Carolyn
Published: February 2017

Daily distribution of dietary protein may be important in protecting against sarcopenia, specifically in terms of per meal amounts relative to a proposed threshold for maximal response. The aims of this study were to determine total and per meal protein intake in older adults, as well as identifying associations with physical activity and sedentary behavior. Three-day food diaries recorded protein intake in 38 participants. Protein distribution, coefficient of variation (CV), and per meal amounts were calculated. Accelerometry was used to collect physical activity data as well as volume and patterns of sedentary time. Average intake was 1.14 g·kg−1·day−1. Distribution was uneven (CV = 0.67), and 79% of participants reported <0.4 g·kg−1 protein content in at least 2/3 daily meals. Protein intake was significantly correlated with step count (r = 0.439, p = 0.007) and negatively correlated with sedentary time (r = −0.456, p = 0.005) and Gini index G, which describes the pattern of accumulation of sedentary time (r = −0.421, p = 0.011). Total daily protein intake was sufficient; however, distribution did not align with the current literature; increasing protein intake may help to facilitate optimization of distribution. Associations between protein and other risk factors for sarcopenia may also inform protective strategies.
Conceptualizing the Impact of Festival and Event Attendance Upon Family Quality of Life (QOL)
Authors: Jepson Allan , Stadler Raphaela
Published: February 2017

Quality of life (QOL) research has been well explored in medicine, psychology, and the social sciences, although it has received very little attention within festival and event studies. This proposition article is both conceptual and exploratory and will seek to establish the foundations
of a framework to investigate the impact(s) festivals and events may have upon individual and family QOL and to set an agenda for research into QOL in the field of festival and event studies. The article begins with a review of literature, which sets the conceptual nature of the article in
the area of festival studies and in doing so investigates interconnected themes such as: political, social, cultural, and personal impact discourses. Following this our article provides a review of literature introducing key QOL theories, concepts, and research undertaken in previous studies.
The article then progresses naturally into a discussion of the key differences and relationships between individual and family QOL, and provides an overview of previous research in festivals and events to allow the study to develop research questions in order to situate this article and our
future research agenda. Following the literature review we present a discussion of key methodological considerations in order to determine the most appropriate and practical framework for collecting and analyzing primary data to better understand the potential impacts of festivals and events
on families' QOL. The final section of the article concludes and reflects upon our review of literature and research questions, which we hope will set an agenda for future research in this area and on the development of a framework to test QOL within events.
Equilibrium of truss and beam structures of inelastic materials
Authors: HAGSTEN Lars German
Published: February 2017

A physically based method for the determination of equilibrium for structures with inelastic response is described. The method is based on minimisation of the potential energy. For structures with inelastic response, some of the applied en­ergy is converted to non-mechanical energy. This part of the energy is dissipated. According to the conservation of energy the dissipated energy must simultaneously be subtracted the mechanical energy in order to determine the change of the potential energy. Changes of the strains in the structure, from non-static conditions, such as thermal deformations and shrinkage, as well as plastic strains from previous load scenarios, will also change the potential energy. The method is also capable of taken these effects into account. Three examples are included in order to support the physical understanding, and to illustrate the procedure for the application of the method. Information regarding the necessary ductility of the individual parts forming the complete structure is achieved as outcome of the analysis.
Mobile Banking Roll-out in Egypt
Authors: Awad Tamer Abbas , Dessouki Yasmine Salah AlDin
Published: February 2017

Mobile phone Banking is the latest self-service banking innovation; which represents potential opportunities for both customers and banks. Though it emerged in the early 2000's, it is still in its infancy stage in Egypt. This study aimed to investigate the factors that affect customers' acceptance of mobile banking. The theoretical framework of this study is an extension of TAM and IDT. A sample of 461 bank customers participated in this study. The most significant factors which affected customer's adoption of mobile banking were; perceived compatibility, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, credibility, trust, risk, and cost, respectively. Moreover, it was found that ease of use influenced usefulness, while perceived trust affected risk perceptions. Marketers should emphasize on developing a positive customers' attitude towards M-banking, the ease of use of mobile banking which will enhance customer's perception of usefulness, and focus on communications that enhances customers' trust to decrease their perception of risk.
An Improved Method to Extract Crystalline Cellulose from Alternatives Sources
Authors: Sánchez M. , Terence Mauro Cesar , Carrió Juan Alfredo Guevara
Published: February 2017

Crystalline cellulose can be obtained from alternative sources like waste wood by hydrolysis with hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. In this study we report a process for producing crystals with high cellulose crystallinity index of approximately 82%. We chose to work with eucalyptus FSC certified as a way to ensure the reproducibility of experiments. Said wood samples were subjected to acid hydrolysis with nitric acid. The resulting mass was dried out and measured by the X-ray diffraction method.
Stability of MgH2 Samples after Thermodesorption
Authors: Lushnikov Stepan Alexandrovich , Filippova Tatyana Victorovna
Published: February 2017

Samples of partly desorbed MgH2 have been studied by the X-ray diffraction method. All samples contained two phases (Mg and MgH2) and were stable at ambient condition for several months. After fast quenching in liquid nitrogen the samples became unstable and transformed after several days into Mg. The rate of decomposition depends on the amount ratio of Mg and MgH2 phases in the sample. Destabilization of the hydride phase observed in quenched samples can be explained on the basis of different diffusion of disordered and ordered hydrogen atoms.
A Combinatorial Study for Interdiffusion, Crystallography and Mechanical Behavior of Ni-Mn-Ga Alloys
Authors: Zhou Le , Giri Anit , Cho Kyu , Sohn Yong Ho
Published: February 2017

The ferromagnetic shape memory and magnetocaloric properties of NiMnGa alloys are closely related to the martensitic transformation from high temperature austenitic phase to low temperature martensitic phase. The transformation temperature and the resulting microstructure and crystallography of the martensites can be very complex, but are crucial to the optimization of the material performance. A combinatorial study with a series of solid-to-solid diffusion couples and various characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, focused ion beam, transmission electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis, and nanoindentation, was carried out to investigate the microstructural and crystallographic development, and mechanical properties in NiMnGa alloys. Both austenitic and martensitic phases were found at room temperature in each diffusion couple with a clear interphase boundary. Crystallographic variations in martensitic phase, including non-modulated (NM) martensite and modulated (5M or 7M) martensite, were found in the diffusion couples. All martensitic microstructure consists of variants with different orientations and the twinning relationship. A decrease of reduced elastic modulus (Er) was observed with Ni substituting for Ga in the austenitic phase. However, an opposite trend of an increase in Er was found in the martensitic phase. The softening of the elastic constants near the vicinity of martensitic transformation contributed to a sharp decrease in Er near the interphase boundary. The measured Er had a larger scatter for the martensitic phase than that for the austenitic phase.
Analysis of Bone Plate with Different Material in Terms of Stress Distribution
Authors: de la Mora-Ramírez T. , Doñu Ruiz M.A. , López Perrusquia N. , Sánchez Huerta D. , Cortes-Suarez J.V.
Published: February 2017

One of the most used in the field of medicine for the treatment of tibial shaft fractures internal fixation methods is by osteosynthesis plates, the most common plate limited contact dynamic compression (DCP-LC) [1]. This paper presents the results of the fracture site grade 1, where the contact plate and the bone callus area on plates made of bone (LVM stainless steel, titanium alloy different biomedical materials and cobalt alloy), in recovery conditions 1% (one week of recovery), 50% (three weeks of recovery), 75% (six weeks of recovery) and 100%. The fractured tibia bone was modeled with an ideal geometry in CAD [2], modeling of commercial DCP-LC plate was obtained by parameterization of the part using a coordinate machine equipment for the exact geometry.
The finite element method for the analysis of each case under the same loads and boundary conditions is used, the results were used to determine stress concentrations in the displacement plate and the fracture callus in the load direction, to have a starting point in the optimization of the geometry from a commercial plate minimizing mass while determining that the material has faster and better biocompatibility with the human body recovery.
The results obtained show that the plate under the conditions of three different types of biomaterials has a greater stress concentration in the part located in the fracture zone from stage with 1% recovery between the surfaces of the bone callus upper and lower, keeping this a significant effect on the recovery of the fracture. The compression and tension strength that occur in the intact part of the bone and the tibial fracture interface at different stages of osseous healing have been investigated, The results were compared and presented, showing that the stress distribution in the callus to 1% recovery in the stainless steel plate indicate considerable compression in the area of the callus with this causing deterioration in the area fracture because the callus is not strengthened by contact between fractured bone by increasing the recovery time, the results also indicate that the titanium plate is the one with the lower shielding effect [3] according to the distribution of contact stresses according to the recovery period in the part of callus, making it the material of which the best adaptability to the bone is obtained.
Microstructure Analysis of the Weld Metal of Ni-Based Superalloys
Authors: Kim Young Min , Kang Min Jung
Published: February 2017

In this study, we analyzed weld cracking in Ni-based superalloys. Alloys with about 64 wt.% Ni and 31 wt.% Ni were used for the weld metal analysis. Phase transition predicted by thermodynamic calculation were compared with experimental results. The weld metal’s microstructure was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) mapping, and its mechanical properties tested. From EDX mapping, it was established that the alloying elements (Nb and Mo) were segregated around the weld crack as a result of the formation of a niobium carbide (NbC).
DSISoft - customized VSP processing software
Authors: Beaty K S , Perron G , Kay I , Adam E
Published: February 2017

DSISoft is a customized vertical seismic profile (VSP) processing software package developed at the Geological Survey of Canada. The software runs in MATLAB version 5.0 and above and hence is portable between computer operating systems (Unix, Windows, Macintosh).
The package includes processing modules for reading and writing various data formats, performing data editing, sorting, filtering, and other basic processing steps. Processing modules can be scripted allowing batch processing and easy documentation of the processing sequence. A variable description
has been developed to ensure that future additions to the package are compatible with existing software. Several interactive modules have been created using MATLAB's graphical user interface (GUI) builder for displaying seismic data, picking first break times, examining frequency spectra, doing fk
filtering, and plotting the trace header information. DSISoft is designed to be extensible, incorporating new processing algorithms as they are developed. This paper open file gives an overview of the scope of the software and serves as a guide for the addition of new
modules.
The PMIP4 contribution to CMIP6 – Part 4: Scientific objectives and experimental design of the PMIP4-CMIP6 Last Glacial Maximum experiments and PMIP4 sensitivity experiments
Authors: Kageyama Masa , Albani Samuel , Braconnot Pascale , Harrison Sandy P. , Hopcroft Peter O. , Ivanovic Ruza F. , Lambert Fabrice , Marti Olivier , Peltier W. Richard , Peterschmitt Jean-Yves , Roche Didier M. , Tarasov Lev , Zhang Xu , Brady Esther C. , Haywood Alan M. , LeGrande Allegra N. , Lunt Daniel J. , Mahowald Natalie M. , Mikolajewicz Uwe , Nisancioglu Kerim H. , Otto-Bliesner Bette L. , Renssen Hans , Tomas Robert A. , Zhang Qiong , Abe-Ouchi Ayako , Bartlein Patrick J. , Cao Jian , Lohmann Gerrit , Ohgaito Rumi , Shi Xiaoxu , Volodin Evgeny , Yoshida Kohei , Zhang Xiao , Zheng Weipeng
Published: February 2017

Abstract. The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 21,000 years ago) is one of the suite of paleoclimate simulations included in the current phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). It is an interval when insolation was similar to present, but global ice volume was at a maximum, eustatic sea level was at or close to a minimum, greenhouse gas concentrations were lower, atmospheric aerosol loadings were higher than today, and vegetation and land-surface characteristics were different from today. The LGM has been a focus for the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) since its inception, and thus many of the problems that might be associated with simulating such a radically different climate are well documented. The LGM state provides an ideal case study for evaluating climate model performance because the changes in forcing and temperature between the LGM and pre-industrial are of the same order of magnitude as those projected for the end of the 21st century. Thus, the CMIP6 LGM experiment could provide additional information that can be used to constrain estimates of climate sensitivity. The design of the Tier 1 LGM experiment (lgm) includes an assessment of uncertainties in boundary conditions, in particular through the use of different reconstructions of the ice sheets and of the change in dust forcing. Additional sensitivity experiments have been designed to quantify feedbacks associated with land-surface changes and aerosol loadings, and to isolate the role of individual forcings. Model analysis and evaluation will capitalise on the relative abundance of palaeoenvironmental observations and quantitative climate reconstructions already available for the LGM.