bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Trajectory of Exposure to Psychological Interpersonal Violence
Authors: Poehacker Stefanie , Phillips David , Riggs Jessica , Lauterbach Dean
Published: May 2017

Psychological intimate partner violence (P-IPV) refers to verbal abuse from one partner to another and abuse of power or control from one partner to another. To date, no studies have examined the longitudinal course of P-IPV exposure among mothers or the effect that witnessing P-IPV can have on their children. Using latent class growth analysis, the current study identified five trajectory groups with the following intercept and growth characteristics: low stable, low-increasing, moderate-decreasing, high-decreasing, and consistently elevated. Membership in the four groups characterized by higher P-IPV exposure was predicted by maternal race and exposure to physical abuse. The children of mothers in the low-increasing and consistently elevated groups had elevated scores on the Internalizing and Externalizing scales of the Childhood Behavior Checklist. These findings remained after controlling for child sex, race, cumulative trauma exposure, and maternal depression.
Management of Direct-Acting Oral Anticoagulants Surrounding Dental Procedures With Low-to-Moderate Risk of Bleeding
Authors: Lusk Kathleen A. , Snoga Jenna L. , Benitez Rebekah M. , Sarbacker G. Blair
Published: May 2017

The purpose of this article is to review the available evidence regarding how to safely manage direct-acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC) therapy in patients requiring dental procedures with low-to-moderate risk of bleeding. A literature search was performed using MEDLINE and PubMed. Each author performed an independent search to ensure all pertinent articles were identified. The reference sections of each article were also reviewed. Pertinent articles were evaluated by each author for inclusion. Articles were eligible for inclusion if the participants were taking DOAC therapy surrounding a dental procedure known to have low-to-moderate risk of bleeding. Studies could be prospective or retrospective and included case reports, case series, and clinical trials. Articles were excluded if they assessed dental procedures known to carry a high risk of bleeding or were review articles. Twenty-five articles were identified, 5 of which met inclusion criteria including 2 case series, 1 retrospective study, and 2 prospective trials. Variation in the management of DOAC therapy surrounding these procedures was found. Among patients undergoing low-to-moderate risk dental procedures while receiving DOAC therapy, bleeding rates were low regardless of whether the DOAC was held or continued surrounding the procedure. Documented bleeding was mild and easily controlled by local hemostatic measures. Patients can safely continue DOAC therapy surrounding these dental procedures.
Professionals’ perspectives on a market-inspired policy reform: A guiding light to the blind spots of measurement
Authors: Korlén Sara , Amer-Wåhlin Isis , Lindgren Peter , von Thiele Schwarz Ulrica
Published: May 2017

Implementation of market-inspired competition and incentive models in health care is increasing worldwide, assumed to drive efficiency. However, the evidence for effects is mixed and unintended consequences have been reported. There is a need to better understand the practical consequences of such reforms. The aim of the present case study is to explore what consequences of a Swedish market-inspired patient choice reform professionals identify as relevant, and why.

The study was designed as an explorative qualitative study in specialized orthopedics. Nineteen interviews were conducted with health care professionals at different providers. Data were analyzed using a hypo-deductive thematic approach.

Consequences for the organization of care, patients, work environment, education and research were included in the professionals’ analyses, covering both the perspective of their own organization and that of the health care system as a whole. In sum, the professionals provided multiple-level analyses that extended beyond the responsibilities of their own organization. Concluding, professionals are a valuable source of knowledge when evaluating policy reforms. Their analyses can contribute by covering a broad system perspective, serving as a guiding light to areas beyond the most obvious evaluation measures that should be included in more formal evaluations.
Nondimensional analysis of a two-dimensional shear deformable beam in absolute nodal coordinate formulation
Authors: Kim Kun-Woo , Lee Jae-Wook , Jang Jin-Seok , Oh Joo-Young , Kang Ji-Heon , Kim Hyung-Ryul , Yoo Wan-Suk
Published: May 2017

Absolute nodal-coordinate formulation is a technique that was developed in 1996 for expressing the large rotation and deformation of a flexible body. It utilizes global slopes without a finite rotation in order to define nodal coordinates. The method has a shortcoming in that the central processing unit time increases because of increases in the degrees of freedom. In particular, when considering the deformation of a cross section, the shortcoming due to the increase in the degrees of freedom becomes clear. Therefore, in the present research, the dimensional equation of motion concerning a two-dimensional shear deformable beam, developed by Omar and Shabana, is converted into a nondimensional equation of motion in order to reduce the central processing unit time. By utilizing an example of a cantilever beam, wherein an exact solution for the static deflection exists, the nondimensional equation of motion was verified. Moreover, by using an example of a free-falling flexible pendulum, the efficiency of the nondimensional equation of motion gained by increasing the number of elements was compared with that of the dimensional equation of motion.
Influence of a flexible wheelset on the dynamic responses of a high-speed railway car due to a wheel flat
Authors: Wu Xingwen , Rakheja Subhash , Ahmed AKW , Chi Maoru
Published: May 2017

Large magnitude impact loads caused by wheel flats may excite various vibration modes of wheelsets employed in high-speed trains and thereby contribute considerably to the dynamic response of vehicles. In this study, the wheelset is modeled as a flexible body using the modal approach, which is integrated to a multibody dynamic model of the high-speed train coupled with a flexible track slab model. The multibody dynamic model is formulated for a typical high-speed train consisting of a car body, two bogie frames, and four wheelsets. The track is modeled considering the rail as a Timoshenko beam discretely supported on a flexible track slab. The effects of the wheelset flexibility on the dynamic response are illustrated through comparisons with those obtained with a rigid wheelset considering different vehicle speeds and sizes of the wheel flat. Subsequently, the effects of wheel flats on the vehicle–track system are evaluated in terms of the wheel–rail impact forces, axle-box vertical acceleration, and dynamic stress developed in the wheelset due to a haversine wheel flat. The results suggest that the wheelset flexibility can lead to significantly higher axle-box vibration and wheelset axle stress compared to a rigid wheelset in the presence of a wheel flat.
Development of a bogie for running on a track having a steep gradient and sharp curves
Authors: Seo Sungil , Mun Hyung-Suk , Suk Myung-Eun , Moon Ji-Ho
Published: May 2017

In this study, core technologies are developed for a bogie system to enable the bogie to run on a track that has a steep gradient and sharp curves. The bogie is designed to run on a minimum curve radius of 10 m by developing independently rotating wheels and axles. It is also designed to run on a maximum gradient of 180‰ with reduced noise by developing an elastic pinion. The traction motor power required for a steep gradient is calculated and reflected in the design of the traction system. In addition, a band braking system is developed to improve the braking force while running on a steep gradient track. The developed main parts are tested to evaluate their performance and are subsequently applied to the bogie systems designed to run on a steep gradient and sharp curve tracks. The maximum load on the bogie frame is reassessed by considering the running conditions on a track that has a steep gradient and sharp curves. The safety of the bogie frame is verified through a loading test. Finally, the developed bogie system with the incorporated parts and core technologies undergoes a running test on a roller rig for evaluating its performance.
Aerodynamic and static stability characteristics of airfoils in extreme ground effect
Authors: Nirooei Mohammadhossein
Published: May 2017

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the aerodynamic and stability characteristics of airfoils in extreme ground effect, where gradients of variables are intense. Camber line of NACA4412 is modified to become S-shaped, named M4412, which turns the passage shape between the ground and the lower surface of NACA4412 from convergent to convergent–divergent. Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations with Spalart–Allmaras turbulence model have been solved by applying the finite volume approach. Lift of M4412 is less than that of NACA4412. Divergent effect normally creates a negative lift zone. Reducing the height when angle of attack is lower than a specific angle strengthens the divergent effect; however, above this angle, weakens it. A stable airfoil has a negative moment coefficient derivative with the angle of attack and a negative lift coefficient derivative with height, where both airfoils satisfy them also, the height center should be upstream from the pitch center (height stability). NACA4412 is quite height unstable, whereas the neutral curve, where the pitch and the height centers are co-located, divides the height stability plane (height vs. AOA) of M4412 into the unstable and stable regions. While reducing the height influences the height stability of NACA4412 adversely, it affects that of M4412 favorably. Raising the angle of attack varies the height stability level of the both airfoils negatively.
Framework to operate multiple ship defense missiles under uncertain evasive maneuvers of target
Authors: Na Hyungho , Ahn Jaemyung
Published: May 2017

This paper proposes a two-phase framework to operate multiple ship defense missiles against the threat of an anti-ship missile. During the preparation phase, single-shot kill probability models associated with various evasive maneuvers of the anti-ship missile are developed and used to assess the overall kill probability obtained by combined operation of multiple defense missiles. An optimization problem to maximize the total kill probability of an engagement by determining the firing times of defense missiles is mathematically formulated and solved for various target maneuvers and operational conditions, whose results are stored to generate a firing logic table. During the actual battle (engagement phase), the firing logic table is used to operate multiple defense missiles against the threat with maximum probability of interception. A ship defense case study considering important target maneuvers was conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed operational framework.
Five-factor personality profiles among Norwegian musicians compared to the general workforce
Authors: Vaag Jonas , Sund Erik R. , Bjerkeset Ottar
Published: May 2017

The aim of the study was to investigate differences in personality traits between professional musicians and the general workforce, as well as differences in personality traits across subgroups of musicians according to types of employment and instrument group. In 2013, 1,600 members of the Norwegian Musicians’ Union answered a questionnaire regarding type of employment, instrument group and a shortened version of the Big Five Inventory (BFI-20). The musicians were compared to a sample of the general Norwegian workforce ( n = 6,372) that answered the same personality questionnaire in the Norwegian Generation and Gender Survey of 2007. Multivariable linear regression, adjusted for age, gender, marital status and education, showed that musicians displayed higher degrees of neuroticism and openness to experience, as well as lower degrees of conscientiousness, than the general workforce. A higher degree of openness to experience was especially evident among freelance musicians and those who combined freelance work with employment. Findings also differed according to musicians’ instrument groups, with vocalists scoring higher on openness to experience and bowed string players scoring higher on neuroticism and introversion. In sum, musicians displayed somewhat different patterns of personality traits compared to the general workforce, but our results did not support some of the previously held notions of a specific distinguishable personality structure of musicians. Somewhat unsurprisingly, the major distinguishable trait of musicians was a heightened degree of openness to experience.
‘My husband is possessed by a jinn’: a case study in transcultural mental health
Authors: Cheng Kylie
Published: May 2017

Objectives

The objective of this study was to discuss jinn possession in Muslim culture, and the importance of understanding cultural differences in mental health.

Conclusion

It is important to understand cultural and religious differences in psychiatry, as it affects the way patients perceive and attribute symptoms. It also helps clinicians to reach an accurate diagnosis and provide appropriate treatments. Beliefs about jinn possession should not automatically be regarded as delusional. In alleged cases of jinn possession, clinicians should consider all the biopsychosocial, cultural and spiritual factors that are unique to the individual. Further research is still needed in this area.
Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor of the Femur: A Rare Diagnosis Supported by Complete Immunohistochemical Loss of H3K27me3
Authors: Sugawara Masato , Kobayashi Eisuke , Asano Naofumi , Yoshida Akihiko , Kawai Akira
Published: May 2017

The histological diagnosis of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is challenging because of the wide morphological spectrum and suboptimal performance of conventional immunohistochemical markers. MPNST arising primarily in the bone is exceptional, and its definitive diagnosis, particularly out of the neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) context, is even more problematic. Recurrent inactivation of EED or SUZ12 in a majority of MPNSTs results in a complete loss of trimethylated histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3) immunoreactivity, making it a highly specific biomarker of MPNSTs. In this article, we report a case of sporadic MPNST of the proximal femur that showed complete loss of H3K27me3. The patient was treated with limb-sparing surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. He developed multiple lung and bone metastases 4 months after surgery. Our case confirms the utility of H3K27me3 immunohistochemistry to yield a definitive diagnosis of sporadic MPNST in a rare primary site.
Primary Epidermoid Cyst of Biliary Duct Presenting as Choledochal Cyst
Authors: Kwon Dong Hyang , Johnson Lynt B. , Ozdemirli Metin
Published: May 2017

Choledochal cyst is a cystic dilation of the biliary tree that can increase the risk of malignancy in bile ducts and the gallbladder. These are usually lined by bile duct epithelium, which may undergo intestinal and squamous metaplasia. This is the first report of clinically diagnosed type II choledochal cyst that is entirely lined by metaplastic stratified squamous epithelium, unlike most other cysts, which are histologically lined by bile duct epithelium. This observation can potentially explain the underlying pathogenic mechanism of rare reports of squamous cell carcinomas arising in bile duct systems.
Postcards From the Edge of Europe: Immigrant Landscapes and the Creation of Greektopia, Heterotopia, and Atopia in Lesvos, Greece
Authors: Miller DeMond Shondell , Chtouris Sotiris
Published: May 2017

The island of Lesvos is composed of landscapes that have been influenced since antiquity and has been used by its inhabitants for many centuries. Now, in the wake of the civil war in Syria, social unrest in Afghanistan and Pakistan, and harsh economic and civil strife in northern Africa, more and more nonindigenous people and cultures occupy the island. Social and intercultural relations between the indigenous Greeks and non-Greeks are marked by tension and conflict as they compete for access to the island’s limited resources during this time of fiscal crisis in Greece. This postcard from two sociologists documents the struggle for space, albeit temporary, on an island where the quest for public space has led to contested landscapes of refuge and the creation or maintenance of Greektopias, or zones of exclusion.
An improved variable-length beam element with a torsion effect based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation
Authors: Yang Shuai , Deng Zongquan , Sun Jing , Zhao Yang , Jiang Shengyuan
Published: May 2017

This paper proposes an improved variable-length beam element based on absolute nodal coordinate formulation and arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian description to build dynamic model of a one-dimensional medium with mass transportation and a non-ignorable torsion effect. The rotational angle of the presented element is interpolated using the same Hermite polynomials as the position vector such that the change rate of the rotational angles of the two nodes are also introduced into generalized coordinates of the element, which ensures the continuity of the nodal torque. Numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed element can precisely describe the dynamic behaviour of a one-dimensional medium. Furthermore, its ability to describe the torsion effect is significantly enhanced compared to earlier element in the literature. In engineering applications, the proposed element can be used in the dynamic analysis of drill stems in the drilling process, slender workpieces of cylinder shafts in turning processes and leading screws in ball screw mechanisms.
News discourse and readers’ comments: Expanding the range of citizenship positions?
Authors: Pinto-Coelho Zara , Carvalho Anabela , Castro Seixas Eunice
Published: May 2017

Little attention has been paid to the relation between citizens’ representation in news media and citizen participation in readers’ comments, and to the roles both discourses may play in fostering public engagement in official consultation processes. This article offers a discursive analysis of these questions by focusing on how commenters, through their uses of language in connection with news texts, address the political ordering of news discourse and their positioning therein. Using Critical Discourse Analysis and other interaction-oriented forms of discourse analysis, we examine, first, the topics and the framing of voices in news coverage and, second, the interactional order, stance markers and style features of readers’ comments. Based on data regarding a policy plan on hydroelectric power in Portugal that was submitted to public consultation, we show that citizen positionings emerging from the interaction between news texts and comments change the balance of power within the discussion, but their participatory potential is restrained by traditional citizenship regimes.
Journalism, not ‘cheerleading’: An ombudsman’s paradigm repair in the JNU sedition case in India
Authors: Paul Subin
Published: May 2017

With increasing expectations to be accountable in the digital era, some newspapers have appointed ombudsmen. This study examines the process of ‘paradigm repair’ undertaken by the ombudsman of The Hindu, a leading English-language newspaper in India. The study qualitatively analyzes The Hindu’s coverage of the Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) sedition controversy case, its ombudsman’s editorials pertaining to the case, and the readers’ responses to them. The study demonstrates that in transitional societies paradigm repair remains incomplete, and the strategies employed to undertake the paradigm repair extend beyond those used by newspapers in the Western context. The study, furthermore, argues that newspaper readers also contribute to paradigm repair in limited ways, and the ombudsman’s role, as shown in the JNU sedition case, is more of an ambassador for the newspaper than an advocate for the reader.
The pros and cons of researching events ethnographically
Authors: van Dooremalen Thijs
Published: May 2017

Events (remarkable, disruptive happenings) are important subjects of study for understanding processes of change. In this essay, I reflect upon the issue of what the ethnographic method has to offer for the analysis of this social phenomenon. To do so, I review three recently published ethnographic studies of events. My conclusion is that it is indeed a very useful method for understanding the feelings and ideas of people who are experiencing eventful situations, for instance around protests or natural disasters. However, using this method also brings about practical difficulties, such as the ‘luck’ that an event occurs at the ethnographic fieldwork site. Next, as transformative responses to events are not bound by the place or time of the happening, other methods (interviews, discourse analysis, surveys) that make it easier to follow them in varying locations and periods might be more suitable for getting a comprehensive picture of their meaning-making dynamics.
Low body weight and clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndrome patients: results of the ACHILLES Registry
Authors: Rivera-Caravaca José Miguel , Ruiz-Nodar Juan M , Tello-Montoliu Antonio , Esteve-Pastor María Asunción , Veliz-Martínez Andrea , Orenes-Piñero Esteban , Valdés Mariano , Pernias-Escrig Vicente , Sandin-Rollán Miriam , Vicente-Ibarra Nuria , Macías-Villanego Manuel J , Candela-Sánchez Elena , Lozano Teresa , Carrillo-Alemán Luna , Marín Francisco
Published: May 2017

Background:

Being overweight increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality. However, among high-body-weight patients with established acute coronary syndrome (ACS) this evidence is not clear. In this scenario, a low body weight (LBW) has been proposed to confer higher prognostic risk and higher bleeding risk with new P2Y12 inhibitors.

Aims:

We aimed to examine differences in mortality, catheterizations/revascularizations, antiplatelet therapy and ischemic/bleeding adverse events between ACS patients with LBW.

Methods:

This is a multicenter registry involving 1576 consecutive ACS patients (ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-STEMI, or unstable angina) from three tertiary institutions. Patients were divided into two groups: LBW (weight < 60 kg, n = 176) and non-LBW (weight ⩾ 60 kg, n = 1400). During 12 months follow-up, we recorded management (catheterizations/revascularizations), antiplatelet therapy, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), bleeding events (BARC classification), and mortality.

Results:

Catheterizations (86.4% vs. 93.4%; p = 0.001) and revascularizations (64.8% vs. 76.1%; p = 0.001) were significantly lower in the LBW group. At discharge, prescription of new P2Y12 inhibitors was also lower in LBW patients (24.4% vs. 37.8%; p = 0.001). After 12-month follow-up, the incidence of MACE (HR 1.61 (95% CI 1.03–2.50]; p = 0.038) and mortality (HR 2.18 (95% CI 1.33–3.58); p = 0.002) was higher in LBW patients compared with non-LBW. In contrast, there were no significant differences for bleeding events.

Conclusions:

LBW in ACS patients was associated with higher incidence of MACE and mortality. In this group of patients less catheterizations and coronary revascularizations were performed. Despite there being no differences in bleeding rates, new P2Y12 inhibitors were less prescribed in LBW patients.
Drinking High Amounts of Alcohol as a Short-Term Mating Strategy: The Impact of Short-Term Mating Motivations on Young Adults’ Drinking Behavior
Authors: Vincke Eveline
Published: May 2017

Previous research indicates that drinking large quantities of alcohol could function as a short-term mating strategy for young adults in mating situations. However, no study investigated whether this is actually the case. Therefore, in this article, the link between short-term mating motivations and drinking high amounts of alcohol is tested. First, a survey study ( N = 345) confirmed that young adults who engage in binge drinking are more short-term oriented in their mating strategy than young adults who never engage in binge drinking. Also, the more short-term-oriented young adults were in their mating strategy, the more often binge drinking behavior was conducted. In addition, an experimental study ( N = 229) empirically verified that short-term mating motivations increase young adults’ drinking behavior, more so than long-term mating motivations. Results of the experiment clearly showed that young men and young women are triggered to drink more alcoholic beverages in a short-term mating situation compared to a long-term mating situation. Furthermore, the mating situation also affected young adults’ perception of drinking behavior. Young adults in a short-term mating context perceived a higher amount of alcoholic beverages as heavy drinking compared to peers in a long-term mating context. These findings confirm that a high alcohol consumption functions as a short-term mating strategy for both young men and young women. Insights gained from this article might be of interest to institutions aimed at targeting youth alcohol (ab)use.
Intergenerational Programs May Be Especially Engaging for Aged Care Residents With Cognitive Impairment: Findings From the Avondale Intergenerational Design Challenge
Authors: Baker Jess Rose , Webster Lindl , Lynn Nigel , Rogers Julie , Belcher Jessica
Published: May 2017

Intergenerational programs are an authentic way to engage elders in meaningful activity and report benefits to both elders and youth. The Avondale Intergenerational Design Challenge (AVID) randomly assigned small teams of technology students aged 13 to 15 years (total N = 59) to 1 of 24 aged care residents with a range of cognitive impairment. Students met with the resident 4 times over 15 weeks and ultimately crafted a personalized item for them. Students showed no change in self-reported attitudes to elders, empathy, or self-esteem post-AVID or at 3-month follow-up, compared to a 3-month within-subject control period pre-AVID. Compared to usual lifestyle activities, residents showed significant improvements in self-reported positive affect and negative affect after student visits and were observed to be significantly more engaged during visits, especially residents with greater cognitive impairment. The personal and guided nature of intergenerational programs may be especially effective in engaging elders with cognitive impairment in meaningful activity.
The Validation Function of a Sustained Orientation and Transfer Program: A Longitudinal Qualitative Study
Authors: Andrade Luis M.
Published: May 2017

This study longitudinally examined the experiences of four different student cohorts who participated in Adelante, a sustained orientation/transfer program designed to assist students in the transfer process from the community college to a baccalaureate-degree granting university. The researcher found that students positively perceived the services, structure, social networking environment, and early exposure to careers. The study provides evidence for the validation function of sustained orientation programs and suggestions for similar programs to help Latina/o students succeed.
Efficacy of high-resolution cone-beam CT in the evaluation of perforators in vertebral artery dissection
Authors: Shimada Kenji , Tanaka Michihiro , Kadooka Keisuke , Hadeishi Hiromu
Published: May 2017

Introduction

A major complication of internal coil trapping for vertebral artery dissection (VAD) is medullary infarction associated with perforator occlusion. Currently, higher spatial resolution imaging can be obtained with high-resolution cone-beam computed tomography (VASO CT), and the efficacy of perforator visualization adjacent to VAD was examined.

Methods

Eight patients who underwent internal coil trapping or stent-supported coil embolization underwent VASO CT to evaluate perforators around VAD. Visualization of perforators was compared with conventional digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and three-dimensional rotational angiography (3D-RA). Postoperative MRI was performed in all patients to investigate ischemic complications. The relationship between the perforators and the infarction was analyzed.

Results

Perforator visualization was much clearer on VASO CT than on 2D DSA or 3D-RA. It was sharp enough to identify each perforating artery. Medullary infarctions were detected in two cases. In these two cases, each ischemic lesion corresponded to the territory of a perforator that was well visualized on VASO CT. The axial view with adjoining tissue structures on VASO CT was useful to detect the territories of perforators.

Conclusions

VASO CT is an efficient modality for the detection and identification of perforators in the vicinity of VAD. It provides accurate anatomical information about the vertebrobasilar system that is useful for the treatment of unruptured VAD.
Laterality frequency, team familiarity, and game experience affect kicking-foot identification in Australian football players
Authors: Moore Benjamin B , Adams Roger D , O’Dwyer Nicholas J , Steel Kylie A , Cobley Stephen
Published: May 2017

This study examined whether laterality frequency, team familiarity, and game experience affected preferred kicking foot identification in professional Australian Football players. Using a repeated-measures experimental design, 13 and 10 players, respectively, identified the kicking foot of 30 teammates and 30 opponents using static images in a randomised sequence. Accuracy (%), reaction time (RT ms), and discrimination capability indices were examined. Overall, participants were less accurate and had slower reaction times when identifying the kicking foot of opposing team players relative to the speed and accuracy of identifying teammates. Significantly lower discrimination accuracy was also evident in participants’ capability to identify left-footed players from two different opposing teams. In moderating trends, opposing player game experience was correlated with accuracy and reduced reaction times, while participant game experience correlated with faster reaction times only. Laterality, (opposing) team familiarity, and game experience affect kicking foot identification in Australian Football with training and performance implications.
A strategic analysis of goals scored in open play in four FIFA World Cup football championships between 2002 and 2014
Authors: Smith Ronald A , Lyons Keith
Published: May 2017

This study analyzed game events leading up to the goals in four FIFA World Cups. Three categories of goals are presented: (a) from passing the ball behind the opposing defense or to a player level with the last defender who could either shoot or take the ball forwards or pass to a team mate to score, (b) from in front of the opposing defense or from dribbling past the last line of defense, referred to as ‘Other Methods’, and (c) from Crosses. The field of play was divided into seven zones to determine the origin of passes for goals in category (a) and (c) and three equal areas lengthwise to determine where possession was regained. The study concludes that the most dominant method of scoring goals in Open Play was from category (a), followed by category (b) and (c). Most goals in category (a) were from passes in the area referred to as Zone 14+ and the majority of goals in all categories came from regained possessions in the middle third.
East–west trans-mediatisation of terrorism and Islamophobia: Sydney siege and Peshawar massacre
Authors: Ali Saira , Khattab Umi
Published: May 2017

This article interrogates the notions of terrorism and Islamophobia in two cultural sites. Deploying case study, the article examines the 15 December 2014 Lindt Café siege in Australia and the 16 December 2014 Army Public School massacre in Pakistan. These sites were selected for comparative analysis due to their concurrence and as concerns surrounding terrorism have been mostly West-centric. Findings show that despite socio-political differences, terror attacks in both states ignited activist movements such as ‘Reclaim Pakistan’ and ‘Reclaim Australia’, with both aiming to eradicate extremism. However, while the former focused on the need to reclaim the country from militants, the latter engaged in hate narratives about Islam and Muslims. Islamophobia was identified in Australia, with Taliban-phobia and rejection of Islamo-fascism in Pakistan, as Pakistanis negotiated their identities in a pluralistic Muslim world. The article suggests the need for both local and global processes that are culturally appropriate to mitigate terrorism.
Prediction of adverse pregnancy outcomes by extreme values of first trimester screening markers
Authors: Gomes Marina S , Carlos-Alves Mariana , Trocado Vera , Arteiro Diana , Pinheiro Paula
Published: May 2017

Background

To determine the association between extreme values of first trimester markers and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study of 916 women who underwent first-trimester combined screening during 2015 was performed. Extreme values of NT, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and free β-hCG, and their association with adverse pregnancy outcomes were analyzed.

Results

Low PAPP-A (<10th percentile) was associated with an increased risk for preeclampsia (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 4.13), fetal growth restriction (AOR 3.94) and abruptio placentae (AOR 52.63). Abnormally low or high free β-hCG, high PAPP-A or increased NT was not associated with an increased risk for adverse outcomes.

Discussion

PAPP-A <10th percentile could be associated with an increased risk for adverse outcomes. However, the majority of patients with these events do not have abnormal PAPP-A and few patients with PAPP-A <10th percentile will have an adverse outcome.
Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Needle Fenestration and Corticosteroid Injection for Anterior and Anterolateral Ankle Impingement
Authors: Nazarian Levon N. , Gulvartian Nar V. , Freeland Erik C. , Chao Wen
Published: May 2017

Background. Ankle impingement is a common cause of chronic ankle pain. We retrospectively studied the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle fenestration of the pathological soft tissues combined with corticosteroid injection to treat this condition. Methods. We administered a telephone survey to patients who underwent the procedure. Patients were asked questions on the Foot Function Index and queried about their overall satisfaction with the procedure on a scale of 0 (completely unsatisfied) to 10 (very satisfied). Results. Forty-nine patients participated in the survey: 26 women and 23 men, mean age 42.7 years (range, 19-65 years). Impingement was anterior in 26/49 (53.1%), anterolateral in 14/49 (28.6%), and both in 9/49 (18.4%). Mean pain level before the procedure was 6.76 ± 1.84 and after the procedure was 2.73 ± 2.21. Reported pain scale levels declined by 4.02 ± 2 units after the procedure (P < .0001). Patient’s overall satisfaction was 7.9 ± 2.44. Conclusions. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle fenestration and corticosteroid injection appears to be an effective nonoperative alternative for treatment of anterior and/or anterolateral ankle impingement.

Levels of Evidence: Level IV
Advancing Research on Cognitive Processes in Social and Personality Psychology
Authors: Johnson David J. , Hopwood Christopher J. , Cesario Joseph , Pleskac Timothy J.
Published: May 2017

We provide a primer on a hierarchical extension of the drift diffusion model (DDM). This formal model of decisions is frequently used in the cognitive sciences but infrequently used in social and personality research. Recent advances in model estimation have overcome issues that previously made the hierarchical DDM impractical to implement. Using examples from two paradigms, the first-person shooter task and the flash gambling task, we demonstrate that the hierarchical DDM can provide novel insights into cognitive processes underlying decisions. Finally, we compare the DDM to dual-process models of decision-making. We hope this primer will provide researchers a new tool for investigating psychological processes.
I Gave Too Much
Authors: Righetti Francesca , Visserman Mariko
Published: May 2017

Low self-esteem is often related to interpersonal difficulties. In fact, low self-esteem people fear rejection and tend to adopt self-protection goals. In the present work, we tested the idea that when low self-esteem individuals decide to sacrifice personal preferences for their relationship, they come to regret those actions, with further consequences for their well-being. We conducted a study with 130 couples, using experience sampling, daily diary, and a 1-year follow-up assessment. Results showed that low self-esteem is related to greater regret of past sacrifices, which, in turn, affects negative mood, stress, and life satisfaction. Furthermore, mediation analyses revealed that low self-esteem individuals feel less supported by the partner after they sacrifice, which helps explaining why they come to regret their sacrifices.
Explaining System Missing
Authors: McLean Derrick C. , Nakamura Jeanne , Csikszentmihalyi Mihaly
Published: May 2017

Missing values are nearly inescapable within social science research. The problem of missing data is especially troubling in longitudinal and intensive longitudinal studies when participants miss an entire collection cycle compared to item nonresponse. The present study examines some of the contextual influences of missed study participation using unobtrusive measures of experience in conjunction with the experience sampling method (ESM). A sample of 66 participants generated 2,940 observations across a 7-day study, yielding a missing response rate of 34%. Multilevel binary logistic regression was used to estimate the probability of missing the study participation signal based upon study time and physical activity states. Results indicate that the probability of missing collection signals increases throughout the duration of the study and with high levels of physical activity. The strongest predictor of missed participation occurred when participants’ activity monitors were set to “asleep” mode. Implications of these findings and recommendations for future ESM studies are discussed.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension and acute respiratory distress syndrome in a patient with adult‐onset stills disease
Authors: Lowther Grant H. , Chertoff Jason , Cope Jessica , Alnuaimat Hassan , Ataya Ali
Published: May 2017

Adult‐onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is an inflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent fevers, arthralgia, leukocytosis, and a salmon‐colored rash. Diagnosis is made based on the Yamaguchi criteria. Various cardiac and pulmonary manifestations have been described in association with AOSD, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We describe the first case of both PAH and ARDS in a patient with AOSD who, despite aggressive therapy, declined rapidly and ultimately died. There was concern for pulmonary veno‐occlusive disease given the rate of her decompensation, but this was found not to be the case on autopsy. Treatment of AOSD with cardiopulmonary involvement requires rapid identification of AOSD followed by aggressive immunosuppression.
Quantitative assessment of left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony using cine cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging: Inter-study reproducibility
Authors: Kowallick Johannes T , Morton Geraint , Lamata Pablo , Jogiya Roy , Kutty Shelby , Hasenfuß Gerd , Lotz Joachim , Chiribiri Amedeo , Nagel Eike , Schuster Andreas
Published: May 2017

Objectives

To determine the inter-study reproducibility of left ventricular (LV) mechanical dyssynchrony measures based on standard cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) cine images.

Design

Steady-state free precession (SSFP) LV short-axis stacks and three long-axes were acquired on the same day at three time points. Circumferential strain systolic dyssynchrony indexes (SDI), area-SDI as well as circumferential and radial uniformity ratio estimates (CURE and RURE, respectively) were derived from CMR myocardial feature-tracking (CMR-FT) based on the tracking of three SSFP short-axis planes. Furthermore, 4D-LV-analysis based on SSFP short-axis stacks and longitudinal planes was performed to quantify 4D-volume-SDI.

Setting

A single-centre London teaching hospital.

Participants

16 healthy volunteers.

Main outcome measures

Inter-study reproducibility between the repeated exams.

Results

CURE and RURE as well as 4D-volume-SDI showed good inter-study reproducibility (coefficient of variation [CoV] 6.4%–12.9%). Circumferential strain and area-SDI showed higher variability between the repeated measurements (CoV 24.9%–37.5%). Uniformity ratio estimates showed the lowest inter-study variability (CoV 6.4%–8.5%).

Conclusions

Derivation of LV mechanical dyssynchrony measures from standard cine images is feasible using CMR-FT and 4D-LV-analysis tools. Uniformity ratio estimates and 4D-volume-SDI showed good inter-study reproducibility. Their clinical value should next be explored in patients who potentially benefit from cardiac resynchronization therapy.
Big Data, urban governance, and the ontological politics of hyperindividualism
Authors: Lake Robert W
Published: May 2017

Big Data’s calculative ontology relies on and reproduces a form of hyperindividualism in which the ontological unit of analysis is the discrete data point, the meaning and identity of which inheres in itself, preceding, separate, and independent from its context or relation to any other data point. The practice of Big Data governed by an ontology of hyperindividualism is also constitutive of that ontology, naturalizing and diffusing it through practices of governance and, from there, throughout myriad dimensions of everyday life. In this paper, I explicate Big Data’s ontology of hyperindividualism by contrasting it to a coconstitutive ontology that prioritizes relationality, context, and interdependence. I then situate the ontology of hyperindividualism in its genealogical context, drawing from Patrick Joyce’s history of liberalism and John Dewey’s pragmatist account of individualism, liberalism, and social action. True to its genealogical provenance, Big Data’s ontological politics of hyperindividualism reduces governance to the management of atomistic behavior, undermines the contribution of urban complexity as a resource for governance, erodes the potential for urban democracy, and eviscerates the possibility of collective resistance.
Quality of primary health care and autonomous motivation for effective diabetes self-management among patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Koponen Anne M , Simonsen Nina , Suominen Sakari
Published: May 2017

This study showed, in line with self-determination theory, that of the six central quality dimensions of primary health care (access to care, continuity of care, diabetes counseling, autonomy support from one’s physician, trust, patient-centered care), autonomy support from one’s physician was most strongly associated with autonomous motivation (self-regulation) for effective diabetes self-management among patients with type 2 diabetes ( n = 2866). However, overall support for diabetes care received from friends, family members, other patients with diabetes, and health care professionals may even play a greater role.
‘It is a bit like being a parent’: A discourse analysis of how nursing identity can contextualize patient involvement in Danish psychiatry
Authors: Oute Jeppe
Published: May 2017

During an ethnographic field work in Danish psychiatry taking place between 2011 and 2013, the emergence of an exemplary textbook symbolized a dominant perception of the relationship between psychiatric nursing professionals and patients that contextualized their ways of involving the patient in clinical practice. Drawing on the discourse theory of Laclau and Mouffe, this article elucidates how this particular textbook articulates the relation between two gendered subjects: a dominant and caring mother, and a childlike male patient. This article takes up the discussion about how nursing discourse is embedded in a range of ideological structures about gender, theory of science and ethics of the psychiatric field. It proceeds to discuss what possibilities and problems it delineates for the nursing profession and for patients, and involvement and recovery of patients in daily clinical practice.
Disability Levels and Cognitive Functioning Reported by Patients Impaired by Gentamicin and Other Aminoglycosides
Authors: Kerlin Ann M.
Published: May 2017

The purpose of this study was to explore disability levels and cognitive functioning in patients who reported being damaged by aminoglycosides, a class of antibiotic drugs. An online questionnaire was published using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) and the NeuroQol Cognitive Functioning v.2. Gentamicin was the most frequent cause of impairment in patients, and the overall disability level was moderate (46.05%). Severe impairments were reported in mobility (Getting Around: 53.67%), Life Activities (60.20%), and Participation in Society (55.19%), and the NeuroQol Cognitive Function measure was approximately 1 standard deviation below normal. Participants who reported impairment from gentamicin and other aminoglycosides indicate a diminished quality of life, along with accompanying depression and anxiety.
Short-Term Complications of Anterior Fixation of Odontoid Fractures
Authors: Cutler Holt S. , Guzman Javier Z. , Lee Nathan J. , Kothari Parth , Kim Jun S. , Shin John I. , Leven Dante M. , Cho Samuel K.
Published: May 2017

Study Design:

Retrospective study.

Objective:

Anterior fixation of odontoid fracture has been associated with high morbidity and mortality in small, single institution series. Identifying risk factors may improve risk stratification and highlight factors that could be optimized preoperatively. The objective of this study was to determine the 30-day complication rate following anterior fixation of odontoid fractures and to identify associated risk factors among patients in a large national database.

Methods:

Patients who underwent anterior fixation were identified in the American College of Surgeons National Quality Improvement Program database (ACS NSQIP) from 2007 to 2012. Patient demographics, medical comorbidities, perioperative complications, and postoperative complications up to 30 days were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis.

Results:

Overall, 103 patients met criteria for the study. The average age was 73.9 years and patients were predominantly white (85.4%). Cardiac comorbidity was common (66.0%), as were dependent functional status (14.6%) and bleeding disorders (13.6%). Complications occurred in 37.9% of patients, and mortality was high (6.8%). Age, white race, and history of bleeding disorders were independently predictive of complications in the multivariate analysis. The postoperative hospital stay was >5 days for 45.6% of patients.

Conclusion:

In a large, multicenter database study, anterior fixation of odontoid fracture was associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although advanced age was associated with increased risk of complications, patients undergoing anterior fixation were older, on average, than in prior studies. Bleeding disorder was a potentially modifiable risk factor for complications that could be optimized prior to surgery.