bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blockchain Token Model for Supply Chain Financing of SMMEs
Authors: Ma Yanfang , Liu Xuezhen , Deng Xiaofei
Published: April 2022

Financing difficulties are common among the small-, medium- and micro-enterprises (SMMEs). Although supply chain financing alleviates the problems of SMMEs, such as narrow financing channels, intractable financing and expensive financing, however, due to the centralised storage and management of data, the authenticity of data cannot be guaranteed. The credit of the core enterprises in the supply chain cannot penetrate the SMMEs in upstream and downstream. This paper establishes a blockchain pass-through model for supply chain financing by improving the PBFT consensus algorithm based on blockchain’s decentralised and tamper-evident characteristics and the pass-through of SMMEs’ assets in the supply chain. The model improves the circulation efficiency of the supply chain; moreover, it enables the credit of core enterprises to the upstream and downstream, solving the financing dilemma of SMMEs.
How COVID-19 Accelerates Business Model Innovation and Digital Technological Transformation in the Hospitality Industry: A Focus on Restaurants in Baden–Wuerttemberg
Authors: Ludin Daniela , Holler Markus , Wellbrock Wanja , Mueller Erika
Published: April 2022

The gastronomy sector was one of the industries most fundamentally affected by the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions and the subsequent disruption of demand. Entrepreneurs were challenged to secure their survival. This study aims to analyze how COVID-19 has accelerated digital technologies in the hospitality industry. The study assumes that due to lockdowns successful restaurants in Baden–Wuerttemberg have developed new digital business models. Data for the quantitative study were collected through a survey among randomly selected restaurants carried out between December 2020 and February 2021. A cluster analysis is used to identify different types of restaurants concerning their propensity to innovate and their success. Results of the study show that the level of digitization is one important factor regarding the range of entrepreneurial success.
Indentation Response of Power and Sigmoid Functionally Graded PSZ/NiCrAlY Composites
Authors: Eltaher M. A. , Wagih A.
Published: April 2022

Owing to their superior mechanical properties, functionally graded materials (FGMs) are currently applicable for many tribological systems, which increased the need for a rapid prediction tool of the hardness and wear behavior of these materials. To this end, this paper aims to present empirical equations to predict the residual indentation deformation for the PSZ/NiCrAlY composite FGM that could give a rapid indication on the material hardness and wear rates at different indentation loads. The empirical equations were derived for two common gradient laws, power (P-FGM) and sigmoid (S-FGM), based on numerical results obtained and validated with experimental results in this study. The numerical results were obtained by simulating indentation experiments using commercial finite element software considering the gradient of all the elastic and plastic material properties. The influence of the gradient index, gradient law and indentation displacement on the force-indentation response, contact pressure distribution, plastic stains, contact surface profile evolutions, and the residual indentation deformations were studied. The results showed that contact force and contact pressure were larger for P-FGM than S-FGM for all the gradient indices. The residual indentation deformation is larger for S-FGM than P-FGM for all the gradient indices due to the higher PSZ ceramic phase at the contact area for P-FGM than S-FGM. The residual indentation deformation of the FGM was normalized with respect to its value for the pure matrix based on the finite element results that highlighted the independence of this ratio on the indentation load. Finally, empirical equations were derived to predict the residual indentation deformation for the PSZ/NiCrAlY composite FGM with respect to the gradient index for both the gradient laws, power and sigmoid functions.
Properties of extended Robba rings
Authors: Wear Peter
Published: April 2022

We extend the analogy between the extended Robba rings of p-adic Hodge theory and the one-dimensional affinoid algebras of rigid analytic geometry, proving some fundamental properties that are well known in the latter case. In particular, we show that these rings are regular and excellent. The extended Robba rings are of interest as they are used to build the Fargues–Fontaine curve.
Constructing Antibacterial Poly(Lactic Acid)/Chitosan Nanoparticles
Authors: Ibili Hatice , Dasdemir Mehmet
Published: April 2022

Single and coaxial electrospraying techniques are superior nanofabrication methods for nanomaterial production. These nanomaterials have the unique capability to manipulate various surfaces and bring diverse additional functionalities. The objectives of the present study are to produce poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/chitosan nanoparticles and investigate the synergy of nanosize effect with different morphology structures in terms of achieved functionality. The impact of ambient humidity on coating morphology was examined via a scanning electron microscope, field emission scanning electron microscope and dynamic light scattering for size measurements and dimensional characterization of nanoparticles. The obtained results indicate that electrosprayed PLA polymer shows a tendency to have a more distinct pore structure than electrosprayed chitosan polymer. Humidity has an increasing effect on particle size. Another finding is the relationship between hygroscopic characteristics of polymer with nanoparticle size, polydispersity, surface morphology and pore structure. Overall, these methods introduced high antibacterial activity obtainment on electrosprayed surfaces. Up to 99.99% antibacterial activity was accomplished against Escherichia coli ([Formula: see text]) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria in regard to this study. The created surface layers also have the extensive potential of practicability for diversified kinds of surfaces and numerous combinations of polymers for multifunctional applications.
Measuring Objective Visual Quality of Real-Time Communication Systems in the Wild
Authors: Hsu Chih-Fan , Chang Yu-Lun , Huang Chun-Ying , Liu Xin
Published: April 2022

During the outbreak of epidemic diseases, the importance of real-time communication (RTC) systems dramatically increases. People use RTC systems for communicating with others, presenting projects, attending online courses, and sharing videos. With different network conditions, applications, and scenarios, how to choose an appropriate system for high-quality RTC is an open question. To the best of our knowledge, there is no general and unified method to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the publicly available RTC systems. In this paper, we systematically evaluate several performances of RTC systems. Our method treats systems as a black-box, which can be easily adapted to other systems. Our method is also available for other video transmission systems, such as streaming and live broadcasting systems. According to our measurement method, we evaluate three web-based and three software-based RTC systems on two video conferencing (VC)-based and two screen sharing (SS)-based scenarios. We measure the received video quality (graphical quality and frame rate) at the receiver, the upload bitrate at the sender, and four usages of local resource. Furthermore, we propose a new metric to measure the ability of the system to handle insufficient bandwidth situations. Our proposed metric is the first one directly measure the ability of the rate adaptation mechanism for RTC systems. We expect the measurement method, the metric, and our findings can help system development in the future. Our detailed analysis reveals that (1) the software-based systems are more efficient than the web-based systems for bitrate usage; (2) the web-based systems are more tolerant to insufficient bandwidth conditions than the software-based systems; (3) the studied RTC systems currently are not designed for the scenario of sharing dynamic videos because of their low-frame-rate strategy, which limits the usage; and (4) decreasing graphical quality is more likely to be recognized than decreasing the frame rate. Frame rate adjustment for rate adaptation can be considered.
China’s Contributions to the Building of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind
Authors: Jiang Shixue
Published: April 2022

The vision of mankind as a community with a shared future is the most important initiative Beijing has put forward in the past decade, a blueprint through which China intends to work with the rest of the international community to address the most pressing global challenges and advance the long-term interests of mankind. In launching this initiative Beijing also hopes to burnish its international image as a responsible great power contributing its wisdom and strength. This article lays out four major areas where Beijing has made consistent efforts in building such a community: peace and security, prosperity and growth, culture and civilization, and green development and environmental protection.
A brief review on mechanical designs for 4D printing
Authors: Wang Li-Chen , Zhang Qiang , Zhao Zeang , Song Wei-Li , Fang Daining
Published: April 2022

4D printing is a fast-developing technique which enables the transformation of shape, property, and function after a structure is manufactured. Here the ’fourth dimension’ refers to a time-dependent deformation, and thus 4D printing technique is closely related to the mechanical design strategies of materials and structures. This review concentrates on the recent progress of fundamental mechanical theories, analytical methods, and designing tools, for three categories of designing principles in 4D printing. The first type of 4D printing relies on active materials that respond to external stimuli. The second type includes a wide range of 4D-printed innovative structures, where the automatic actuation mainly comes from a combination of different deformation mechanisms. The third type of 4D printing focuses on mechanical designs related to the manufacturing process. The classification bridges the gaps between materials, microarchitectures, and large-scale structures, while some 4D printing strategies might involve more than one aforementioned design principle. This review provides reference and guidance for future 4D printings with customized deformation modes and multiple functionalities.
Simulating the effect of injection well on groundwater table in unconfined aquifer using numerical model of isogeometric analysis and optimization of injection rate with PSO algorithm
Authors: Poursalehi F. , Akbarpour A. , Hashemi S. R.
Published: April 2022

Currently, one of the solutions to improve the decline in the water table of aquifers owing to their uncontrolled extraction is artificial recharge schemes, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. The present study applies a nonuniform rational B-spline functions (NURBS) based isogeometric method to investigate the effects of an injection well on the rise of water table, unconfined aquifer hydrodynamic parameters and injection rate. Also, the best injection rate was determined by linking the isogeometric analysis (IGA) simulation model to the particle swarm optimization (PSO) model. Initially, the IGA method was implemented to simulate a water table over an unconfined aquifer with two extraction wells with discharges of 1142.85 and 1428.57 m
3
 day
−1
for 210 days and was compared with the Modflow model. The model was tuned and run by constructing an injection well with 8214.28 m
3
 day
−1
injection rate for 1500 days. The IGA simulation results with ME = −0.0096, MAE = 0.0111 and RMSE = 0.0146 indicated the accuracy of the model in water table simulation compared with the Modflow model with ME = −0.0188, MAE = 0.023 and RMSE = 0.0284. The findings revealed that the use of an injection well has a positive impact on raising the water table, with a rise of 1.24 m in the observation well. Investigating the effect of the parameters on the water table changes indicated that the injection rate directly affects changes in the water table. The water table rises by more than 43% with a 50% increase in the injection rate. Also, compared with the effect of the injection rate on the water table, the transmissivity and specific yield effects were not substantial. The results of IGA–PSO showed that the best value of injection rate is 2000 m
3
day
−1
, whereby the aquifer water table rises by an average of 37.12 cm.
Interest Development Theory in Computing Education: A Framework and Toolkit for Researchers and Designers
Authors: Michaelis Joseph E. , Weintrop David
Published: April 2022

Computing is rapidly becoming a critical literacy for succeeding in an increasingly technological world. While the proliferation of programs dedicated to broadening participation in computing increases access, computing education research can benefit from more directly drawing on current interest development theory to improve interventions that increase the desire to participate and persist in computing. In this article, we present an overview of current interest development theory and provide guidance to computing education researchers on ways to ground their conceptualization and measurement of interest in contemporary theory and inform ways of interweaving interest theory throughout intervention or curriculum design. The central contribution of this work is presenting the Integrated Interest Development for Computing Education Framework. This framework is organized around three central dimensions of interest: value, knowledge, and belonging. For each of these dimensions, the framework presents key factors that link the dimension to strategies that can be employed in computing education contexts to help develop interest. The article also describes methods of measuring interest in computing that are consistent with interest development theory, and provides examples and resources for validated measures of interest. We conclude with a discussion of the implications and potential for improving the conceptualization and measurement of interest development in computing education and future work needed to advance an understanding of how interest in computing develops that can lead to improving the design of computing educational programs to support interest development.
Learning Theories Use and Relationships in Computing Education Research
Authors: Szabo Claudia , Sheard Judy
Published: April 2022

The use of established and discipline-specific theories within research and practice is an indication of the maturity of a discipline. With computing education research as a relatively young discipline, there has been recent interest in investigating theories that may prove foundational to work in this area, with discipline-specific theories and many theories from other disciplines emerging as relevant. A challenge for the researcher is to identify and select the theories that provide the best foundation for their work. Learning is a complex and multi-faceted process and, as such, a plethora of theories are potentially applicable to a research problem. Knowing the possible candidate theories and understanding their relationships and potential applicability, both individually or as a community of theories, is important to provide a comprehensive grounding for researchers and practitioners alike.

In this work, we investigate the fundamental connections between learning theories foundational to research and practice in computing education. We build a comprehensive list of 84 learning theories and their source and influential papers, which are the papers that introduce or propagate specific theories within the research community. Using Scopus, ACM Digital Library, and Google Scholar, we identify the papers that cite these learning theories. We subsequently consider all possible pairs of these theories and build the set of papers that cite each pair. On this weighted graph of learning theory connections, we perform a community analysis to identify groups of closely linked learning theories. We find that most of the computing education learning theories are closely linked with a number of broader learning theories, forming a separate cluster of 17 learning theories. We build a taxonomy of theory relationships to identify the depth of connections between learning theories. Of the 294 analysed links, we find deep connections in 32 links. This indicates that while the computing education research community is aware of a large number of learning theories, there is still a need to better understand how learning theories are connected and how they can be used together to benefit computing education research and practice.
ClioQuery
: Interactive Query-oriented Text Analytics for Comprehensive Investigation of Historical News Archives
Authors: Handler Abram , Mahyar Narges , O’Connor Brendan
Published: April 2022

Historians and archivists often find and analyze the occurrences of query words in newspaper archives to help answer fundamental questions about society. But much work in text analytics focuses on helping people investigate other textual units, such as events, clusters, ranked documents, entity relationships, or thematic hierarchies. Informed by a study into the needs of historians and archivists, we thus propose
ClioQuery
, a text analytics system uniquely organized around the analysis of query words in context.
ClioQuery
 applies text simplification techniques from natural language processing to help historians quickly and comprehensively gather and analyze all occurrences of a query word across an archive. It also pairs these new NLP methods with more traditional features like linked views and in-text highlighting to help engender trust in summarization techniques. We evaluate
ClioQuery
 with two separate user studies, in which historians explain how
ClioQuery
’s novel text simplification features can help facilitate historical research. We also evaluate with a separate quantitative comparison study, which shows that
ClioQuery
 helps crowdworkers find and remember historical information. Such results suggest possible new directions for text analytics in other query-oriented settings.
Image Quality Assessment–driven Reinforcement Learning for Mixed Distorted Image Restoration
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Gao Wei , Li Ge , Jiang Qiuping , Cong Runmin
Published: April 2022

Due to the diversity of the degradation process that is difficult to model, the recovery of mixed distorted images is still a challenging problem. The deep learning model trained under certain degradation declines significantly in other degradation situations. In this article, we explore ways to use a combination of tools to deal with the mixed distortion. First, we illustrate the limitations of a single deep network in dealing with multiple distortion types and then introduce a hierarchical toolkit with distinguished powerful tools. Second, we investigate how an efficient representation of images combined with a reinforcement learning (RL) paradigm helps to deal with tool noise in continuous restoration. The proposed method can accurately capture the distortion preferences for selecting the optimal recovery tools by RL agent. Finally, to fully utilize random tools for unknown distortion combinations, we adopt the exploration scheme with various quality evaluation methods to achieve more quality improvements. Experimental results demonstrate that the peak signal-to-noise ratio of the proposed method is 3.30 dB higher than other state-of-the-art RL-based methods on the CSIQ single distortion dataset and 0.95 dB higher on the DIV2K mixed distortion dataset.
An Algorithm for Efficient Real-Time Airplane Landing Scheduling
Authors: Velilani Keerthana , Subramanya Vikram , Chowdaiah Pathanjali
Published: April 2022

The Air Traffic Controller sequences and schedules the flow of aircrafts around a defined airspace. One of the important operations performed by the ATC is the landing procedure. Algorithms pertaining to the aircraft landing scheduling (ALS) have been intriguing researchers for many years. There have been multiple theoretical approaches proposed. This paper suggests a simple solution for landing procedure based on the landing patterns and conditions of the given airport, thereby reducing the manual dependency on ATC.
Demystifying Data Justice: Legal Response to India’s Privacy and Security Standards: Challenges in Cloud Computing
Authors: Shastri Arunima , Singh Bhupinder
Published: April 2022

Data is the new oil of this economy. Cloud computing acts in the capacity of storing databases, in operational analytics, networking, and intelligence. Indian cloud computing market is valued at 2.2 billion dollars, which is said to scale by 30 percent in 2022. It’s therefore pertinent to understand Indian’s data protection landscape in the light of the Personal Data Protection Bill, 2018 to answer the questions of ownership, controlling, and processing of data in order to reflect upon the liability, obligations, and compliances by intermediaries, dispute resolution forums, data portability, and indemnification. The authors will explore by means of doctrinal method and the challenges posed on the content regulatory mechanism for the internet architecture, which paves responsibility of data classification into lawful and unlawful, with the exception of section 79 of the Information Technology Act. The authors will further examine the encryption standard tools exhibiting data security and the obstacles created by the 40-bit limit encryption standard as part of the DoT’s telecom licensing conditions and section 84A IT Act, 2008, to provide suggestions towards pragmatic delimitation. Cloud computing, being the next growth frontier of the IT industry, makes it more evident to enable cloud forensics in entrusting with investigations and establishing confidence within end-users.
The Review on Cosmetic Regulation: Quality Education
Authors: Chauhan Amisha , Chauhan Shikha Baghel , Nainwani Sakshi
Published: April 2022

The cosmetics industry is undergoing substantial transformations all over the world. It has grown dramatically over the world, providing a means for a person to alter his or her appearance and make a product instantly noticeable and appealing. To accomplish effective promoting, one must consider a variety of factors. Today's cosmetic industry or market takes use of cutting-edge technology to create new cosmetic agents with enhanced qualities. Trend for cosmetics is getting elevated each passing day, hence enormous growth is encountered in the cosmetic market globally. If we talk about legislation of the cosmetic industries nowadays then they are kind of stringent all over the globe. There are different regulatory bodies globally with their own rules and regulation regarding cosmetics. The major market for cosmetics is in United states and in European Union, and all other developing countries ideally look the regulation of these developed countries as a role model. Despite of all the differences in regulatory bodies their aim is somewhat similar which is to ensure the safety, efficacy, and stability of the product. So, in this article we are going to study about the various differences which are present regarding the regulatory bodies and rules and regulation among India, United States and European Union.
A Comprehensive Review on Involvement of Drones in Covid-19 Pandemics
Authors: Mishra Ruby
Published: April 2022

The core idea of the paper is to create a multi-purpose drone/unmanned aerial vehicle which are used to counter challenges faced by COVID-19. Our work is structured to give insights into our theory method with a constructive form of qualitative research. This work's main contribution lies in the comparative study of many research articles based on the use of drone in different fields specially in sanitization of a large area in a stipulated period, thermal screening of people and storing their temperature recorded data in cloud, AI implementation in order to detect abnormal pattern of coughing, heart rate, etc., and delivery of medicines and necessary essential to quarantined people and migrants this will cause a large-scale implementation of drone delivery may drastically change the business, substituting hundreds of workers, fossil-fuel-powered delivery vehicles, traffic congestion, and centralized distribution centers of drone, which performs point A to point B parcel delivery. The challenges faced by drone and its operators during active mission are studied. This study will help others who are new to drones in the COVID and medical field.
Smart Stretcher for Measuring Vital Signs of Unconscious Persons
Authors: B Thyla , G Bhuvanesh , A Jacob Novan Nelson , M Abishek
Published: April 2022

The implementation of health monitoring technology in the stretcher can help to improve the quality of health management in India. Health is one of the global challenges for humanity especially in the countries with overpopulation. The main idea here is to provide a smart system that measures the vital signs of the unconscious person so that the health care professionals can monitor the person. PIC micro controller is the device used for information processing which collectively obtains the respiratory rate, heartbeat, temperature, and the blood pressure rate of the patient which is directly updated to the hospital server via IOT. This further updates the biometric details of the patient to the police station about the accident. This system is developed by using affordable technology and merging different functions to offer a proper solution. The aim of the system is to save many human lives by preparing intense care unit in hospital, as their physical parameters are updated to the hospital before their arrival to the hospital.
Environmental Risk Assessment Ascribed to Particulate Matter for Kota City, Rajasthan (India)
Authors: Kuldeep Kuldeep , Sisodiya Sohil , Mathur Anil
Published: April 2022

The present study analyses the current PM10 and PM2.5 pollution scenarios for Kota City (India) to evaluate human health and ecological environment risks associated with particulate matter pollution exposure. Particulate matter concentration revealed a falling trend during the research period, but PM10 and PM2.5 exceeded the Indian NAAQS and WHO standards. The dust ratio (PM10/PM2.5) has been increased over the years from 0.36 to 0.51. and continue to overgrow for Kota City, showing that fine particulates share more than 45% of total particulate matter. Kota exhibits a high exposure of population towards pollution compared to other megacities of the state. The ecological environment and health risk assessment showed the greater vulnerability of the people to potential risks caused by particulate matter as the risk level remained more than one throughout the research period. The exposure presents important conclusions to stakeholders and policymakers for the proper adoption of mitigation measures.
A Framework for Sea Breeze Front Detection from Coastal Regions of India Using Morphological Snake Algorithm
Authors: Papolu Jaya Sai , Bhanu Prasad Meka , Vasavi Sanikommu , Geetha Gujjari
Published: April 2022

Sea breezes are the most common winds experienced by people living in coastal regions. In general, the sea breeze is a flow of winds that particularly takes place in coastal areas. Sea breezes cause irregular climatic conditions. The salty air coming from the sea breeze has got many adverse effects like deterioration. The collision of two powerful sea breezes fronts can cause severe thunderstorms across the coastal regions. Therefore, it is important to know the location of the sea breeze front to define the regions affected by sea breezes. In order to detect the sea breeze front from satellite images, it is important to segment the satellite images. Image segmentation which helps in extracting the objects of interest and make the image more meaningful for further processing. Then using contour detection, the outline of sea breeze, which is sea breeze front can easily be extracted. A proper methodology with user interface is proposed in this paper for detecting the sea breeze front from the satellite images.
E-Tailing in Odisha: Its Expansion, Problems, Opportunities, and Development
Authors: Sabat Deepti Ranjan
Published: April 2022

India's retail sector is undergoing a transformation. The recent web-technique e-commerce process is still in its early stages, indicating a period of rapid change, confrontation, and opportunity in Indian retail. In the new internet-based world, e-commerce and e-marketing are two key concepts. E-commerce is a business model in which organizations and people conduct e-tailing over the internet. E-tailing, also known as internet shopping, web shopping, or online shopping, is the online promotion of products or services. E-tailing, on the other hand, is the sale of different brands over the internet. The term "e-tailing" refers to electronic retail conducted over the internet. In this present era of electronic retailing importance and market viabilities and developments, various things are discussed in this paper.
Design and Exploration of Micro Cantilever Biosensor for Detection of Tuberculosis
Authors: Thorat Bali , Jadhav Mukti
Published: April 2022

According to the WHO, health is a circumstances of personal resources. There is a necessity to prevent health related issues by diagnosing the disease within time. Number of hazardous diseases are there which are not able to catch within time. Globally from top ten diseases, one of the leading cause of death is tuberculosis. Due to the complicated structure, diagnose the bacteria of tuberculosis is very tedious job. Its an airborne disease. So there is a huge requirement to build a technique which can detect tuberculosis easily and at an early stage. The purpose of the paper is to study, design, and simulate the cantilever biosensor for quick detection of tuberculosis. Micro cantilever biosensor are designed with different dimensions and shapes. The surface of micro cantilever biosensor are prepared with various materials and are coated with antibodies. The sample of patient is placed on to the cantilever, if sample is infected with tuberculosis then antibodies get binds with antigens and it generate stress on the surface and it delivers displacement. Displacement of various designs of micro cantilever were analyzed and maximum displacement were recorded. Rectangle shape with gold material of micro cantilever biosensor achieved maximum displacement as 1.71 x 1028 µm for a load of 100N.
Design and Bending Analysis of Wearable Compact Patch Antenna for Medical Telemetry Based on Flexible Material
Authors: Tiwari Archana R. , Tiwari S. D. , Khurshid A. A.
Published: April 2022

A comprehensive study of compact flexible patch antenna, which is the suitable topology for medical telemetry operated in the industrial scientific and medical (ISM) band, is presented. For establishing efficient wireless links for assisting medical diagnostics, the antenna is required to be of a low profile, safe, and simple geometry. To achieve the compactness of the structure, Taguchi’s optimization method has been applied based on the concept of orthogonal array. The designed antenna uses two distinct flexible substrates, namely polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with dimension 43.5x36.89x0.175 mm3, and Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 with dimension 48.5x49.66x1.58 mm3 categorized under materials, namely plastic and circuit (microfiber reinforced PTFE) material respectively. The approach has been demonstrated for a simple, compact flexible antenna with reduced dimension by 5.37% for PET, and 23.96% for RT 5880 as compared to the conventional rectangular patch design parameters. The resonant frequencies of the designed antennas are 2.435 GHz and 2.45 GHz for PET, and Rogers RT/Duroid 5880, respectively, with a bandwidth of 73.2MHz for RT/Duroid, and 16.8 MHz for PET. The maximum observed directivity of the proposed antenna using PET and Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 are 5.15 dBi, and 6.117 dBi, respectively, at 2.45 GHz. Furthermore, characterization for performance variation is carried out through bending analysis for different curvatures and Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) analysis in order to demonstrate its suitability for direct integration with wearable biomedical sensing chips used for medical telemetry.
Statistical Modeling of Temperature for Coastal and Non-Coastal Regions on the Dynamics of COVID-19 with ANOVA
Authors: Devi Supriya , Nagaraja K , Pothina Harshini , L Thanuja , Reddy M.V.
Published: April 2022

The spread of COVID-19 has been statistically analyzed with meteorological factors such as varying ecogeographical regions and climatic conditions i.e., the temperature of India. Although the transmission of the virus can be mainly detected by the humidity, still the temperature imparts a moderate effect on the COVID-19 pandemic. The number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in coastal and non-coastal regions of Kerala have been analyzed statistically with the change in climatic condition and its interaction during the pandemic period i.e., March 2020 to May 2021. The analysis is carried out by bifurcating the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases based on different regions. The data spectrum of the regions under consideration has shown the impact with temperature by ANOVA analysis. The present study can be utilized to frame a strict guideline to restrict the spread of COVID-19 cases. The intellectual awareness developed among the individuals could overcome the pandemic situation.
Biogenesis of MnO2 Nanoparticles Using Momordica Charantia Leaf Extract
Authors: David Alwin , Kumar Ram
Published: April 2022

In this present study, an easy, eco-friendly, and efficient method for the biogenesis of manganese dioxide nanoparticles (MnO2 NPs) using Momordica charantia leaf extract is discussed. The MnO2 NPs were synthesised by reduction of potassium permanganate using Momordica charantia leaf extract as a reducing agent. Fourier-transform infrared spectra exposed the contribution of the biomolecules in the Momordica charantia leaf extract for the formation of MnO2 NPs. The UV–visible spectrum of the biosynthesized MnO2 NPs displayed absorption peaks at 371 nm, which was the absorption maximum of MnO2 NPs. Crystal phase and crystalline size of the biosynthesized MnO2 NPs was characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. The X-ray diffraction pattern indicated that the average size of MnO2 NPs was about 36.01 nm. The field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that the biosynthesized MnO2 NPs have irregularly spherical shape with 16 – 63 nm in size. EDAX confirmed the presence of Mn and O in the MnO2 NPs. The antibacterial activities of MnO2 NPs were evaluated against Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus cereus. The total antioxidant capacity was evaluated by phosphomolybdenum method. The biosynthesized MnO2 NPs have significant antibacterial activity and antioxidant activity.
Business Opportunities and Challenges Amid COVID-19 Indian Perspective
Authors: Somu Subbulakshmi , Karlapathi Vishnupriya
Published: April 2022

The discovery and the spread of COVID-19 forced countries to implement measures, such as lockdown, resulting in economic slumps. These types of epidemic outbreaks always challenged the humans, but we didn’t fail to find opportunities in the midst of them, and COVID-19 is no exception. This study is an attempt to analyze the current external environment, such as the political environment, economic environment, socio-cultural environment, and technological environment in the Indian perspective. The business opportunities and challenges arisen from these environmental factors are discussed. Earlier pandemic and war outbreaks and the positive outcomes of these outbreaks are also discussed in this paper.
Frequency Stabilization of Stand-Alone Microgrid with Tuned PID Controller
Authors: G Nisha , K Jamuna
Published: April 2022

Frequency deviation is a major concern in a power network due to the frequent load changes. The stand-alone hybrid microgrid is developed with wind/solar systems with MPPT techniques, and this system also faces frequency instability due to the source and load variations. PID controllers are used to mitigate the frequency deviation in the proposed stand-alone hybrid microgrid. The PID controller parameters are optimized using the Ziegler-Nichols method. The system is developed in MATLAB Simulink, and the proposed Ziegler-Nichols tuned PID controllers maintain the system frequency within the IEEE standards under both source and load variations.
A Literature Review on Orifice as a Flow Measuring Device
Authors: Panda Santosh Kumar , Choudhury Balaji Kumar , Rath Kali Charan
Published: April 2022

An orifice meter is one of the flow measuring devices which are more popular among all the instruments because of its simple design, less cost, and easy manufacturing to determine the discharge in single and multi-phase flow. In a multiphase flow problem such as oil and gas industry, chemical and processing industry wellhead chokes are used to control the production of oil and control, which create more fluctuation in the downstream flow due to back pressure on the reservoir and create significantly error in the measurement. To avoid the above problem orifice is an alternative device. The review paper gives an idea about single orifice consider for various applications, which will be helpful for betterment of orifice design and analysis. The review papers also produce the numerical and experimental studies on orifice to determine the pressure drop and coefficient of discharge on the variation of geometrical and flow parameters.
The Contribution of Polyaniline and Gold Nanoparticles for Enhancing Current Signals of Streptavidin Based Immunosensors
Authors: Samae Hazim , Thamphiwatana Soracha , Phairatana Tonghathai
Published: April 2022

The presence of streptavidin has been found to serve as an electrically insulating layer. This could reduce the initial current response of an electrochemical immunosensor, reducing its performancefor detecting the analyte of interest. The work aimed to investigate the current response of the streptavidin based electrochemical immunosensor at polyaniline and gold nanoparticle modified screen-printed electrodes and compare to without gold nanoparticle addition. The result of the streptavidin modified gold nanoparticles - polyaniline sensor exhibited a three-times higher current response than that of the streptavidin modified polyaniline sensor (without gold nanoparticle).Additionally, antibody immobilization (EpCAM as a model) on the modified electrode showed high performances for use further in antigen target detection. The high conductivity of the developed immunosensor could become a promising candidate for immunosensor development with high sensitivity in the future.
Simulation of the Effect of Frequency and Aspect Ratio on Ribbon Bond Wire Performance
Authors: Robert Femi , Puri Muskan , Nair Sanyukta
Published: April 2022

The frequency dependent impedance and power loss are essential in the design of bond wires in power electronics packages. In this paper, the simulation of the effect of frequency and aspect ratio on the performance of the ribbon bond wire is presented. A copper ribbon bond wire is considered and 2D FEM electromagnetic simulation is carried out. The current density, resistance, and power losses obtained for power frequency using simulation are compared with the calculated values. The performance parameters are obtained for the frequency range from 200 Hz to 20 MHz. Also simulation is carried out to obtain the performance of the ribbon bond wires for the aspect ratios 6, 24, 54, 96, and 150.
Water Quality Assessment for Sustainable Environmental Management
Authors: Khan Iqbal , Zakwan Mohammad , Mohanty Bijayananda
Published: April 2022

Access to clean water, proper sanitation and hygiene is a human right therefore clean water and proper sanitation management is a key foundation for achieving sustainable development. Hussainsagar and Himayathsagar are the important lakes of twin cities, Secunderabad and Hyderabad, India. The water of these lakes was used for drinking and irrigation purposes in the past. In this paper physicochemical parameters of both the lakes were analysed for post-monsoon, monsoon and pre-monsoon for the year 2020, were used to determine the status of water quality based on CCME and NSF methods. The WQI of Hussainsagar and Himayathsagar based on CCME-WQI method 44.83 and 87.71 indicating poor and good water quality respectively. Whereas the results of NSF-WQI indicate poor and moderate water quality for Hussainsagar and Himayathsagar respectively. The average value SAR for Hussainsagar and Himayathsagar are 23.08 and 7.32, representing poor/doubtful and excellent for irrigation respectively. Sodium percentage of the lakes indicate that water is safe for irrigation.
Effects of the Doctrine of Discovery: A Strive to Build Sustainable and Peaceful Communities in North East India
Authors: Haokip Paul Lelen , M Maya , Haokip D Benjamin
Published: April 2022

The article analyzes the Doctrine of Discovery, which advocates racial superiority and colonization of indigenous lands. Indigenous people of North East India continually strive for sustainable and peaceful situation. A strong relational bond between the ethnic tribes and the environment is fundamental for self-determination, sustainability, and peace. Consequently, humans bond with land stirs a readiness to sacrifice their lives for their motherland juxtaposed in the precarious context of international boundaries and past colonial annexations. The colonial-influenced literature has molded their ethnic identity. This further leads to an upsurge of emic historical and anthropological perspective writings, framing their history, interaction with the environment, the rise of ethnic consciousness and identity politics. There is a continuous struggle to free themselves from the colonial enslavement of the Doctrine of Discovery that has ultimately encroached on their land and culture.
An Empirical Study on Students’ Satisfaction Towards Sustainable Online Education
Authors: A Thilaka Dharmarajan , G Velmurugan , N Saravanabhavan , R Subashini
Published: April 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has interrupted and upset the education system globally. As such, online education has gained prominence, and has become an ideal option for learning. This study analyses the satisfaction level of the students towards online education during this pandemic period. This study focuses to identify the most influencing factor of user satisfaction towards online education and the relationship dimension of user satisfaction towards online education namely: instructor knowledge, course syllabus, responsiveness, self-motivation, studying method, and interaction. A sample size of 90 students studying arts and management in a private educational institution at Pondicherry was taken into account. Results concluded that instructor knowledge, course syllabus, response, enthusiasm, and studying method and communication has a constructive relationship with user satisfaction. While self-motivation highly influences user satisfaction followed by learning styles, course structure and interaction does not influence user satisfaction in online education.
Usage of Magnetic Spinel Nano-Ferrites in Waste Water Treatment
Authors: Takkar Rajat , Kaur Baljinder , Rana Shikha , Kumar Pankaj , Khanra Partha , Dhiman Meenakshi
Published: April 2022

In this review we study spinal ferrite magnetic nanoparticle for the effective removal of harmful contaminates from the waste water. It is well known that synthesis methods strongly effect the crystalline and the magnetic properties of the synthesized materials. In order to improve the magnetic properties various method of synthesis along with their effective applications have been discussed and published in various scientific journal. Main contaminants of water are classified broadly in two categories that are organic and inorganic. Here in pollutants are classified and probable removal methods are explained throughout this content using magnetic separation methods. The effective spinel ferrites consisted with lower hysteresis loop and lower coercivity, which is beneficiary for the removal of the pollutant from waste water.
Barriers to Adoption of e-Vehicles in India: A Literature Review and Prospects for Sustainability
Authors: Tiwari Dhirendra
Published: April 2022

The purpose of the study is to understand diverse bottlenecks and barriers towards adoption of eVehicles in India. Articles published in Scopus Q1 journals covering barriers were considered to identify barriers. These identified barriers were categorized under different headings and sub-headings. The review draws attention towards comparatively less studied factors like behavioral barriers, external barriers, as well as throws light on most prominent barriers like technological barriers and infrastructural barriers. The study would be beneficial to researchers, as well as policy makers due to dearth of studies related to electric vehicles in India. The findings from the study will provide notable insights for stakeholders to facilitate electric mobility in India. Prioritization of the barriers will help the decision-makers to focus on high-priority barriers in addressing them and finding solutions. This research will contribute in attaining an in-depth understanding multifaceted dimensions of the barriers and inter-dependency in policy and decision making.
Joint Natural and Fourier Transform Technique for Unified Fractional Schrodinger Equation in Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Ghiya Neeti , Patil Vidya , Shivakumar N
Published: April 2022

Integral transform method plays a significant role to solve different kinds of integral and differential equations of fractional order and integer order that arise in several applications of engineering and physical sciences. Natural transform converges to Laplace and Sumudu transforms. The aim of this present paper is to solve the unified fractional Schrödinger equation that occurs in the field of quantum mechanics. The solution is obtained by Natural transform technique for the Caputo fractional derivatives with time variable and Fourier transform for the Liouville fractional derivative with space variable. The result is provided in the computational form of the H-function. The paper explicitly reveals the efficiency and reliability of joint Natural and Fourier transform technique. Some special cases of the main result are mentioned. Achieved result is general in nature and has the capability of providing a number of known and new results.
A Study of Investment Behavior of Economically Weaker Section (EWS) Investors
Authors: Rastogi Sanjay , Gupta Dr. Saurabh
Published: April 2022

While investing, it is most important for an investor that he/she understand and follows the basic principles of investing to gain maximum advantages out of it. The present study analyzes the investment behavior of 190 economically weaker section (EWS) investors and rank their preferences and reasons using Garret ranking. The study observes that investors prefer to invest in traditional investment avenue over modern avenue due to lack of awareness and ease of investing across demographics. Results of ANOVA inform a small shift to mutual funds and change in perceived risk and return behavior in selected age, income, and education category. The study recommends for opening of dedicated small financial planning centers/branches/kiosks, etc. to increase their awareness level and participation so that they can gain maximum advantages from their investment.