bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Phase II Trial of a Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Panobinostat in Patients With Low-Grade Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Jin Ning , Lubner Sam J. , Mulkerin Daniel L. , Rajguru Saurabh , Carmichael Lakeesha , Chen Herb , Holen Kyle D. , LoConte Noelle K.
Published: June 2016

Lessons Learned

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors versus carcinoid tumors should be examined separately in clinical trials. Progression-free survival is more clinically relevant as the primary endpoint (rather than response rate) in phase II trials for low-grade neuroendocrine tumors.

Background.

The most common subtypes of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are pancreatic islet cell tumors and carcinoids, which represent only 2% of all gastrointestinal malignancies. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have already been shown to suppress tumor growth and induce apoptosis in various malignancies. In NET cells, HDAC inhibitors have resulted in increased Notch1 expression and subsequent inhibition of growth. We present here a phase II study of the novel HDAC inhibitor panobinostat in patients with low-grade NET.

Methods.

Adult patients with histologically confirmed, metastatic, low-grade NETs and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of ≤2 were treated with oral panobinostat 20 mg once daily three times per week. Treatment was continued until patients experienced unacceptable toxicities or disease progression. The study was stopped at planned interim analysis based on a Simon two-stage design.

Results.

Fifteen patients were accrued, and 13 were evaluable for response. No responses were seen, but the stable disease rate was 100%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 9.9 months, and the median overall survival was 47.3 months. Fatigue (27%), thrombocytopenia (20%), diarrhea (13%), and nausea (13%) were the most common related grade 3 toxicities. There was one grade 4 thrombocytopenia (7%). These results did not meet the prespecified criteria to open the study to full accrual.

Conclusion.

The HDAC inhibitor panobinostat has a high stable disease rate and reasonable PFS in low-grade NET, but has a low response rate.
The Commission as a Party before the Court – Reflections on the Complementarity Arrangement
Authors: Rudman Annika
Published: June 2016

The African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights has worked as the continent's watchdog, under the ACHPR, for almost 30 years. Much has changed since the time of its inception. More institutions, set to ensure the implementation of the ACHPR, have been added. As the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights became operational, a two-tiered human rights system was created.This article explores the inter-relationship between the ACHPR, the Protocol Establishing the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights and the Procedural Rules of these two institutions within the specific context of the African Commission's mandate to refer communications to the African Court. The aim is to offer a purposeful interpretation of the Procedural Rules governing referrals, guided by the understanding of the principle of complementarity in the preparatory works. The author argues that an appropriate interpretation of complementarity, within the context of referrals, becomes vital in alleviating one of the long-term plagues of the African, protective, human rights system, namely the lack of resources and human capital. It is suggested that the African Commission and the African Court can only be effective if they take proper cognisance of the principle of complementarity, in referring and receiving communications.
Analysis of the basic professional standards involving the work of psychologists in difficult and legally significant situations
Authors: Bogdanovich N.V.
Published: June 2016

In this article the analysis of professional standards in terms of the scope of work of the psychologist with clients in difficult life and legal situations. The criteria of analysis chosen: reflected in professional activities, the choice of grounds for the selection of professional activities that focus on a specific Department, selection of a particular direction of activity of the psychologist (prevention, support, rehabilitation). It is shown that all five of the analyzed standards imply such a situation, but only three of them ("educational psychologist", "Psychologist in the social sphere", "Specialist in rehabilitative work in the social sphere") describe the activities of the psychologist, and the remaining ("Expert of bodies of guardianship and guardianship concerning minors" and "Specialist in working with families") are more organizational in nature. The conclusion about compliance of the training programs developed by the Department of legal psychology and law and education, the requirements of professional standards, proposed improvements in these programs.
Psychology of high risk driving (review of foreign studies)
Authors: Bulygina V.G. , Dubinsky A.A. , Shport S. , Kalinkin D.
Published: June 2016

The article presents a brief review of foreign theoretical concepts, empirical data and methodological approaches to the problem of high risk driving. There were defined and described the factors of dangerous driving: factors of external environment and internal factors, including age, fatigue, use of medications, alcohol and drugs, personal styles, impaired sensory analyzers, neurological and cognitive disorders, emotional states, styles of responding to stress. Emphasizes the role of reduction of cognitive functioning, acquired brain injury, persistent or progressive neurological diseases, and acquired somatic disorders. The outline of its main models of driving: motivational, models of information processing, hierarchical management model. A separate section of the article focuses on cognitive factors, describes a wide spectrum of disorders of cognitive functions that may potentially impair driving safety. The theoretical and methodological grounds and empirical studies of cognitive functioning are described. Discuss prospects and limitations in studies of cognitive functioning, the predictive value of some tests, including neuropsychological. The conclusion made about the need for standardization and validation the Protocol of assessment drivers and candidates for drivers, also the necessity of the introduction of a common approach for all medical workers and specialists of nonmedical profile, in order to overcome the existing differences in estimates in the implementation of medical examination, expert activity and enforcement.
Personality characteristics of children in an orphanage as criteria for the developing of proactive attitude and successful social integration
Authors: Larin A.N.
Published: June 2016

The article presents the results of a personality characteristics study of orphans and children left without parental care growing up in an orphanage. It is assumed that examined personality characteristics have an effect on the socialization and integration processes after graduating from the orphanage. The paper gives a comparative analysis of personality characteristics in 18 boys and 14 girls aged from 12 to 17 years in orphanages, as well as finds out the personality characteristics undermining the developing of child’s proactive attitude. The study used a children's version of "Individual typological questionnaire" by L.N. Sobchik and Cattell 14 PF method of multivariate personality study. Statistical significance of the results is due to Mann–Whitney U test and Student t-test for nonrandom access. Cattell 14PF study shows that boys and girls in the test groups have personality differences (p≤0.05). A pattern of the results may indicate a general trend of personal characteristics negatively affecting the success of adaptation after graduating from the orphanage.
Tracheo-bronchial foreign bodies: our experience at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Suligavi Shashidhar S. , Patil Mallikarjun N. , Doddamani S. S. , Hiremath Chandrashekarayya S. , Fathima Afshan
Published: June 2016

Background:Tracheo- bronchial foreign bodies have always posed a challenge to the ENT surgeon as they present with varied symptomatology ranging from a simple cough and fever to more grave respiratory distress. It requires a strong suspicion, early diagnosis and timely intervention to reduce the overall morbidity and mortality .This study was undertaken to highlight our experiences in handling cases of tracheo- bronchial foreign bodies (FB) at our setup.

Methods:It is a retrospective case series study conducted in S. Nijalingappa Medical College between January 2011 and January 2015.  

Results:Most commonly affected were children between 1year to 3years of age. Chronic cough and wheeze were the commonest presenting symptoms. Vegetative foreign body was found to be the commonest variety of foreign body. The mortality rate in our study was 4.7% (n=3).

Conclusions:A good clinical acumen, team work, early diagnosis and timely intervention are all needed to reduce the overall mortality and morbidity associated with tracheo- bronchial foreign bodies.
‘Merantau’ - an Informal Entrepreneurial Learning Pattern in the Culture of Minangkabau Tribe in Indonesia
Authors: Rahman Hafiz
Published: June 2016

The aim of this paper is to expose an informal entrepreneurial learning pattern that is undertaken by the Minangkabau tribe in Indonesia and relate it to cultural dimension and perceived value of a society. This informal entrepreneurial learning pattern is called as ‘Merantau’ - which can simply be meant as ‘to emigrate’, in which the young males (mostly during the ages of 15-20, or even younger) leave their homeland; move to other places nationwide or abroad, and running entrepreneurial activities for their daily life. The existence of merantau as an informal cultural based entrepreneurial learning for the young Minangkabau tribe combined with their cultural dimension and perceived values have contributed to the creation of and bring positive impacts to entrepreneurial culture of the Minangkabau tribe.

The Minangkabau tribe, as one of tribes in Indonesia, experiences very supportive social environment in which entrepreneurial culture is recognised as part of the way of life. Therefore, Minangkabau tribe is known as one of the most entrepreneurial tribes in Indonesia.

This paper considers perceived value and cultural dimension that may bring consequence to entrepreneurial culture of a society, with particular analysis to Minangkabau tribe in Indonesia. Analysis is undertaken by considering the elements and index of cultural dimension and perceived values of a society that can create and intiate entreprenuerial habits and relate them to entrepreneurship.

Result of the analysis shows an evidence that culture of a society also plays an important role to create and maintain entrepreneurial habits and experience of a society. Together with cultural dimension of a society, perceived values that a society has, also contributes to the creation of entrepreneurial culture of that society. This is shown in the context of the Minangkabau tribe who is well known as an entrepreneurial tribe in Indonesia. However, this study analyses one single cultural background from a specific tribe in Indonesia and since it was undertaken to a single cultural background, it will be worth to extend this study and investigation into several cultural and value backgrounds from various ethnic groups/tribes in Indonesia or any other countries. Comparatively, this will add knowledge and dimension regarding entrepreneurship and its relationship to cultural dimension and perceived values of a society/community/ethnic group.
ON (∈,∈∨q)-FuzzyPrime Bi-Ideals of Near Ring
Authors: Kanta Barthakur Gopi , Basak Shibu
Published: June 2016

In this paper using the idea of quasi coincidence of a fuzzy point with a fuzzy set, we introduce the notion of (∈,∈∨q)-fuzzy prime bi-ideals and semiprime bi-ideals. Also we investigate some related properties of these fuzzy substructures.
Role of Fetal Serum Prolactin in Pregnancy
Authors: VIRK DR. SAYESHA , JOSHI DR SHIKHA , BHADAURIA DR AMRITA , HARIHARAN DR. C.
Published: June 2016

In our study we have tried to to study the comparison of fetal cord serum prolactin level in normal and abnormal pregnancies and correlate the cord serum prolactin level with occurrence of HMD and to establish the fact that If cord serum prolactin is less, then there might be the chances of neonate developing HMD .study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Datta Meghe Institute Of Medical Sciences, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha (1st September 2005 to 31st August 2007: on 160 randomly selected booked and unbooked women GROUP A 80 women with normal pregnancies GROUP B 80 women with abnormal pregnancies.

In a prospective study umbilical cord serum prolactin level was found to be lower in women with abnormal pregnancy.
An Analysis on the Functioning Of Grievance Redressal Mechanism of Public Distribution of Kerala with Special Reference to Wayanad District
Authors: Nair Geethu R
Published: June 2016

Grievance Redress Mechanism is the part and parcel of the machinery of any administration. The present article aims at assessing the efficiency of existing consumer grievance redressal mechanism of PDS system and to identify the impediments responsible for its effective working. The study covers the nature of the citizen’s requests and complaints, the processing of the applications, the time taken in disposal and the reasons for the delay.No administration can claim to be accountable, responsive and user-friendly unless it has established an efficient and effective grievance redress mechanism. In fact, the grievance redress mechanism of an organization is the gauge to measure its efficiency and effectiveness as it provides important feedback on the working of the administration. Through this study, we tries to find out,how effective is the functioning of grievance redressal mechanism in Wayanad (study area), the existing weakness in the machinery and procedures for the redress of citizens’ complaints and to suggest appropriate remedial measures for improving its efficiency.
PENGUATAN KESADARAN HUKUM PERLINDUNGAN ANAK BAGI GURU MADRASAH DINIYAH TAKMILIYAH DAN PONDOK PESANTREN ANAK-ANAK SE KABUPATEN BLORA JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Imron Ali , Supangat Supangat , Rosyidah Noor
Published: June 2016

Terdapat beberapa kasus kekerasan anak yang melibatkan guru. Keterbatasan pemahaman para guru Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah dan Pondok Pesantren Anak-Anak terhadap regulasi perlindungan anak berdampak terhadap kasus criminal justis yang melibatkan para guru.

Guru madrasah terkadang mempunyai perspektif lain terhadap tata hubungan murid dan guru ketika proses belajar mengajar. Oleh karena itu perlu diberikan kesempatan kepada para guru madrasah untuk memperoleh penguatan pendidikan kesadaran hukum perlindungan anak.

Alasan memilih guru Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah dan Pondok Pesantren Anak-Anak sebagai dampingan di antaranya adalah 1)mereka dalam beraktifitas kesehariannya berinteraksi dengan peserta didik yang usianya masuk kategori anak-anak, 2)mereka kurang mempunyai pemahaman yang cukup tentang hukum, 3)peran sosial guru madrasah mempengaruhi sistem tata perilaku masyarakat dan peserta didik.
Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah, diskusi kelompok, dan studi kasus untuk mencari solusi pemecahannya.Hasil akhir dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah terdapat peningkatan pemahaman dan pengetahuan para guru terhadap regulasi tentang perlindungan anak. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan adanya peningkatan scor tes hasil evaluasi yaitu nilai rata-rata dari 3,7 menjadi 7,9 dari total score 10.
PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI PROFESIONAL DAN INOVASI GURU DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE MELALUI PEMBUATAN PORTAL “CHANNEL PEMBELAJARAN SAINS BERBASIS UNITY OF SCIENCE
Authors: Arsini Arsini
Published: June 2016

Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk 1) meningkatkan kompetensi profesional dan inovasi guru-guru madrasah di Kota Semarang dalam menyusun media pembelajaran berupa video yang berbasis unity of science, 2) melatih keterampilan guru-guru madrasah di Kota Semarang dalam mengunggah video di situs berbagi video Youtube, 3) Meningkatkan ketersediaan sumber belajar online bagi para peserta didik berupa Portal” Channel pembelajaran sains” yang berisi berbagai video pembelajaran IPA.Subyek dampingan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah guru-guru madrasah (MI/MTs/MA) di Kota Semarang. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan dalam empat tahap yaitu 1) tahap persiapan, 2)tahap pelatihan, dan 3) tahap evaluasi dan 4) tahap pendampingan. Melalui kegiatan Pelatihan pembuatan Channel pembelajaran sains telah dihasilkan karya peserta pelatihan berupa video pembelajaran yang dapat dilihat di https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ch1Ea2KEMW4&feature=youtu.be dan juga di grup Facebook (FB) : “Pelatihan pembuatan video pembelajaran sains online “FITK UIN Walisongo”. Tindaklanjut dari kegiatan ini yaitu berupa pendampingan yang dilakukan secara online melalui e-mail dan grup Facebook yang telah dibuat dan juga secara offline melalui pendampingan ke sekolah dengan tim ahli.
IMPLIKASI SHARIAH GOVERNANCE TERHADAP REPUTASI DAN KEPERCAYAAN BANK SYARIAH
Authors: Wardayati Siti Maria
Published: June 2016

The object of this study is Bank MuamalatÂ IndonesiaÂ in Central Java, while the number of samples used was 200 respondents using purposive sampling techniques. The techniques of analysis used descriptive analysis and SEM analysis with the help of AMOS. The results of computational data show that the implementation of sharia government that consists of 6 (six) indicators, namely: transparency, accountability, responsibility,Â indedendency, justice and shariah complianceÂ has shown good results. Shariah compliance is an indicator of the dominant Islamic government, while responsibility and justice is an indicator of weak governance in explaining sharia. ImpleÂ­mentation of shariah governanceÂ significant effect on the reputationÂ and customerÂ confidence in Islamic banks.

***
Obyek dari kajian ini adalah Bank MuamalatÂ IndonesiaÂ di Jawa Tengah dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 200 responden dan dengan mengunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik analisisÂ yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dan SEM dengan bantuan AMOS. Hasil penghitungan data menunjukkan bahwa impleÂ­mentasi shariah governanceÂ meliputi enam indikator yaitu transparansi, akunÂ­tabilitas, pertanggungjawaban, independensi, keadilan, dan shariah complianceÂ telah menunjukkan hasil baik. Shariah compliance merupakan indikator islamic govenrment yang dominan, sementara pertanggung jawaban dan keadilan merupakan indikator lemah untuk menjelaskan shariah governance. ImpleÂ­mentasi shariah governance memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan pada reputasiÂ dan kepercayaanÂ pelanggan terhadap perbankan syariah.
A modified topographic index that incorporates the hydraulic and physical properties of soil
Authors: Yi Lu , Zhang Wan-Chang , Yan Chang-An
Published: June 2016

Aiming at quantifying the impacts of soil properties on rainfall–runoff processes, the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and the soil erodibility factor (K) were selected and incorporated into the classical topographic index ln(α/tanβ) (TI) to construct a modified topographic index (TI′). Stream network extractions and performance evaluations of topography-based hydrological models based on TI and TI′ were carried out in three watersheds with different climate conditions. The investigations indicated that: (1) the changes of stream networks caused by the incorporation of Ks·K could correctly present the phenomenon that the points would show greater potential to be saturated to become contributing areas if their underlying soils possess higher hydraulic conductivities and stronger erodibility; and (2) the performances of the topography-based hydrological models TOPMODEL and TOPX were improved when simulating the daily rainfall–runoff processes with the input of ln(α/(tanβ·Ks·K) (TI3). TI3 was suitable for rainfall–runoff simulation in arid and semi-arid, humid and semi-humid, and humid regions. The performance improvements increased as the spatial heterogeneity of Ks·K enlarged. Based on these investigations, TI3 was recommended for the modified form of TI′.
Detecting climate variability impacts on reference and actual evapotranspiration in the Taohe River Basin, NW China
Authors: Yang Linshan , Feng Qi , Li Changbin , Si Jianhua , Wen Xiaohu , Yin Zhenliang
Published: June 2016

Analysis of the impacts of climate variability on evapotranspiration (ET) is of great importance in understanding climate variability and its effect on hydrological aspects. In this study, temporal and spatial variations in reference evapotranspiration (ET0) and actual evapotranspiration (AET) were comprehensively detected in the Taohe River Basin from 1981 to 2010. The spatial distributions of annual sensitivity of ET0 and AET to climatic variables were investigated. The quantitative contributions, the possible causes and dominant controlling factors were analyzed. The results suggested the following. (1) Considerable changes in ET0 occurred due to climate variability in the Gannan Plateau area (GPA) and Loess Plateau area (LPA) by 3.54 mm/yr and 3.39 mm/yr from 1981 to 2010, respectively. (2) Net solar radiation was the most sensitive factor on ET0. The dominant factor was air temperature leading to increase in ET0 due to high sensitive coefficient to ET0 and also exhibited significant increasing magnitude. (3) Precipitation (PPT) was the most sensitive factor for AET. AET in the GPA is controlled by air temperature and in LPA is controlled by PPT. This study provides a beneficial reference to agriculture, water resource and eco-environment management strategies in this region for associated policymakers and stakeholders.
Prokaryote community dynamics in anaerobic co-digestion of swine manure, rice straw and industrial clay residuals
Authors: Jiménez Janet , Theuerl Susanne , Bergmann Ingo , Klocke Michael , Guerra Gilda , Romero-Romero Osvaldo
Published: June 2016

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of the addition of rice straw and clay residuals on the prokaryote methane-producing community structure in a semi-continuously stirred tank reactor fed with swine manure. Molecular techniques, including terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and a comparative nucleotide sequence analyses of the prokaryotic 16S rRNA genes, were performed. The results showed a positive effect of clay addition on methane yield during the co-digestion of swine manure and rice straw. At the digestion of swine manure, the bacterial phylum Firmicutes and the archaeal family Methanosarcinaceae, particularly Methanosarcina species, were predominant. During the co-digestion of swine manure and rice straw the microbial community changed, and with the addition of clay residual, the phylum Bacteroidetes predominated. The new nutritional conditions resulted in a shift in the archaeal family Methanosarcinaceae community as acetoclastic Methanosaeta species became dominant.
High performance of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in an electrolysis-integrated biofilter
Authors: Gao Y. , Xie Y. W. , Zhang Q. , Yu Y. X. , Yang L. Y.
Published: June 2016

A novel electrolysis-integrated biofilter system was developed in this study to evaluate the intensified removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from contaminated water. Two laboratory-scale biofilter systems were established, one with electrolysis (E-BF) and one without electrolysis (BF) as control. The dynamics of intensified nitrogen and phosphorus removal and the changes of inflow and outflow water qualities were also evaluated. The total nitrogen (TN) removal rate was 94.4% in our newly developed E-BF, but only 74.7% in the control BF. Ammonium removal rate was up to 95% in biofilters with or without electrolysis integration with an influent ammonium concentration of 40 mg/L, and the accumulation of nitrate and nitrite was much lower in the effluent of E-BF than that of BF. Thus electrolysis plays an important role in TN removal especially the nitrate and nitrite removal. Phosphorus removal was significantly enhanced, exceeding 90% in E-BF by chemical precipitation, physical adsorption, and flocculation of phosphorus because of the in situ formation of ferric ions by the anodizing of sacrificial iron anodes. Results from this study indicate that the electrolysis integrated biofilter is a promising solution for intensified nitrogen and phosphorus removal.
The use of Azoles Containing Natural Products in Cancer Prevention and Treatment: An Overview
Authors: Jabir Nasimudeen R. , Firoz Chelapram K. , Bhushan Ashish , Tabrez Shams , Kamal Mohammad A.
Published: June 2016

Background & Objective: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In view of ever
increasing number associated with cancer related death, there is an urgent need to find out a novel compound
especially of natural origin (better efficacy, less or non-toxic and cost effective) that could serve against the treatment
of all forms of cancer. Currently, available treatment options related to cancer have their certain limitations especially
in the case of solid tumors.

Method:

In search of the natural anticancer compound, alkaloids, in general, have been exploited by the scientist
working in this field of research. Among these alkaloids, azoles (secondary metabolite) have been significantly
highlighted in literature because of their anticancer potential and better efficacy against various forms of cancer.

Results:

Their mechanism of action includes induction in the cleavage of poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP),
induction of caspase 3 and caspase 9, modulation of nuclear factor kappa B, damage to DNA, cell cycle arrest at G1
and G2/M stage, apoptosis and c-Myb inhibition. In the current article, we have tried to cover various azoles especially
from oxazoles, thiazoles and carbazoles class that have been reported for their anticancer potential.

Conclusion:

Based on our article, we believe that, soon, the scientific community will come up with certain azole
which will work against cancer at large rather than a specific type of cancer.
Contemporary issues of poisoning: what we can learn for Bangladesh
Authors: Amin Robed , Ghose Aniruddha , Sayeed Abdullah Abu , Rahman Md Ridwanur , Faiz MA
Published: June 2016

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Medicine Jan 2016; 27 (1) : 1-2
Mortality Burden of Non Communicable Disease  A Retrospective Study In A Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Tarafder Binoy Krishna , Hossain Ahmed Manadir , Sarker Karzan Dey , Podder Palash Kumar , Islam Muhammad Nurul , Rahman Md Mostafizur , Saha Suranjit Kumar , Islam Mohammad Tanvir , Khan Mohammad Ehasun Uddin
Published: June 2016

Pattern of mortality gives a picture of disease burden of a community and helps in evaluation of health care system. A retrospective study was done in medicine wards of a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh from 1st July 2014 to 30st June 2015 to see the mortality pattern. Data obtained from death and admission registrar. Total 1306 deaths were recorded. Mortality rate was 7%. Male female ratio was 1.65:1. Average age at death was 56.05 years. Highest 11.3% death occurred in January, 48.6% deaths occurred during night shift. Average stay in hospital was 42.1 hours. Non communicable disease causing 87%, communicable disease causing 8.8% deaths and 4.2% were brought dead and undiagnosed. Stroke and IHD caused 54.1% deaths. Among diagnosed causes, ratio of NCD and CD was 9.9:1.Bangladesh J Medicine Jan 2016; 27(1) : 22-26
Dandy Walker Syndrome- A 13 Years Old Girl With Walking Difficulties
Authors: Anonnya Kaniz Fatema , Ekram Md Rezaul , Mallik Pranab Kumar , Islam Mohammad Rafiqul , Amin Md Robed
Published: June 2016

DandyWalker malformation (DWM) is a uncommon intracranial congenital abnormality that affects the cerebellum and some of its components; particularly cerebellar vermis, fourth ventricle and is characterized by an enlarged posterior fossa. Although there is an extensive list of signs attributed to DWM, final diagnosis is solely dependent on imaging techniques as there are no signs that are characteristic of DWM. This article reports a case with DWM who was diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging.Bangladesh J Medicine Jan 2016; 27(1) : 33-36
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis as complication of Mixed Connective Tissue Disorder with autoimmune hypothyroidism- a case report
Authors: Islam Md Daharul , Rahman SM Tajdit , Akter Khaleda , Hoque Md Azizul
Published: June 2016

Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a constellation of syndromes arising from different derangements of tubular acid transport. Multiple associations have been established with renal tubular acidosis. We report a case of distal renal tubular acidosis which may be associated with undifferentiated connective tissue disease in which patient is also having autoimmune hypothyroidism along with that is not very common.Bangladesh J Medicine Jan 2016; 27(1) : 37-39
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
Authors: Adhikari Mihir Kanti , Arafat Shohael M
Published: June 2016

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Medicine Jan 2016; 27(1) : 43
Sensitive Determination of Cetirizine Using CdS Quantum dots as Oxidase Mimic-mediated Chemiluminescence of Sulfite
Authors: Kouhestany Reza Hoseinpour , Azizi Seyed Naser , Shakeri Parmis , Rahmani Shaghyegh
Published: June 2016

A new chemiluminescence (CL) method using cadmium sulfide quantum dots (QDs) as sensitizers is proposed for the chemiluminometric determination of cetirizine pharmaceutical formulation. CdS QDs were synthesized by using water soluble route. The nanoparticles were structurally and optically characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultra Violet-Visible (UVVis) absorption spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In this study results shows that CdS quantum dots are enhancers of the weak CL emission. Trace amounts of cetirizine improved the sensitize effect of CdS quantum dots yielding a significant chemiluminescence enhancement of the Ce(IV)SO32?CdS QDs system. So, a new CL analysis system was selected for the determination of cetirizine. There is a good linear relationship between the relative chemiluminescence intensity and the concentration of cetirizine in the range of 1×10?9 1×10?6 molL?1 with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9963 at the optimum conditions. The limit of detection (LOD) of this system was found to be 5×10?11 M. This method is simple, sensitive and cost effective, and also is accommodating for pharmaceutical applications.Kouhestany et al., International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, June 2016, 5(7): 59-62
Laboratory Errors: Types and Frequency in a Tertiary Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Nasreen , Ibrahim Md , Khan Md Aminul Haque
Published: June 2016

Introduction: In our country, very few of clinical laboratories are running proper quality control program and to the best of our knowledge the preanalytical, analytical, and postanalytical rates of laboratory errors have not been studied extensively. In this study we evaluated the preanalytical, analytical, and postanalytical components of laboratory errors in 3,200 consecutive specimens of a clinical chemistry laboratory in a tertiary hospital for measurement of different analyte concentrations in plasma or serum. Materials and methods: This study was conducted during the period from June 2009 to July 2010 on 3,200 specimens. Analytical errors were detected by repeat analysis of primary sample and by checking quality control. Results: The numbers of preanalytical, analytical and postanalytical errors were 23, 14 and 76 respectively among 32000 tests that we have done on 3,200 specimens (average 10 tests per specimen). Moreover, the causes of errors were analyzed and it was found that preanalytical errors were mostly due to specimen drawn distal to IV infusion, specimen for potassium first drawn into GREY tube (containing sodium fluoride and K EDTA) and then transferred into GREEN tube, long tourniquet time and underfilling of blood collection tube. The analytical errors were due to random and systemic errors and postanalytical errors were due to transcription errors. Conclusion: Results of our study suggest that errors mostly occur in the postanalytical part of testing and they are due to transcription errors. To reduce the laboratory errors we suggest introduction of Laboratory Information System (LIS) of the clinical laboratories connected with Hospital Management System along with stringent quality control program in preanalytical, analytical and postanalytical stages.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2015; 33(1): 3-6
Induction in Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia: A Study of 22 Cases
Authors: Khatun Hazera , Morshed Manzur , Anam Sadia
Published: June 2016

Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia yields high complete remission (CR) rate with disappointingly low overall survival. We describe the results of induction in 22 cases of adult acute lymphoblastic leukaemia treated between January 2011 and January 2013. Median age at presentation was 28 years (range 13-70). Fatigue (n=15, 68%) was the most frequent presenting complaint followed by fever (n=14, 63.7%). 36.3% patients presented with splenomegaly while 31.8% had lymphadenopathy. The average presenting white cell count was 61 k/ul. B-ALL was more common than TALL (59% and 27% respectively). 8 cases were deemed high risk and 14 cases were standard risk. One patient died early in induction before specific treatment. 20 patients were treated with intensive chemotherapy (CALGB8811=12, MCP 841=4, CCG-BFM=2 and BFM-90=1, others 1). Overall CR was 85% while CR in CALGB8811 was 83.3%.The average time to NADIR was 10 days (range 6 -17 days). The most common complication in induction was neutropenic sepsis (n=19, 86.4%) contributing alone to induction mortality of 15% (n=3). Causative organism was identified in only 31.8% cases (n=7), the commonest being pseudomonas and coagulase negative staphylococcus. Facilities for extended immunophenotyping and cytogenetic tests (in addition to BCR-ABL by PCR) are required for administration of standard of treatment.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2015; 33(1): 18-22
Endoscopic Ultrasound : A New Hope for Patients
Authors: Perveen Shaila , Dhir Vinay , Paramasivam Rajesh Kumar , Hossain Md Rabiul , Ahmed Mir Azimuddin , Maydeo Amit
Published: June 2016

Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) combines endoscopic view and ultrasound images to obtain information about the gastrointestinal tract and the surrounding tissues and organs in abdomen and mediastinum. Placing the transducer on the tip of an endoscope allows it to get close to the organs inside the body. The EUS can also obtain information about the layers of the intestinal wall as well as adjacent areas such as lymph nodes and the blood vessels. It can study the flow of blood inside blood vessels using Doppler ultrasound and obtain tissue samples by passing a FNA needle into enlarged lymph nodes or suspicious tumors. Staging of cancer is becoming an important use of EUS. It can provide information regarding the depth of penetration and spread of cancer to adjacent tissues and lymph nodes, useful for staging. Interventional EUS offers durable analgesia for palliation and minimally invasive drainage procedures which does not result in cutaneous fistulae. In future, Interventional EUS will open up a new frontier hence further improving the contributory role of GI endoscopy. Our aim was to evaluate the role of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in literatures of the past 3 decades as diagnostic and therapeutic aid based on original articles (randomized controlled trials, prospective and retrospective studies), meta-analyses, reviews and surveys pertinent to gastrointestinal EUS. MEDLINE and PubMed search (1984-2013) were conducted using Endoscopic Ultrasound for re-trieving pertinent studies and arranged according to equipment introduction, uses, procedures, advantage, disadvantage, complications,, therapeutic applications and limitations of EUS. Figures included are taken during performance of the EUS procedures at the institute.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2015; 33(1): 23-31
Skin Metastasis from Malignant Ovarian Tumor - A Rare Entity
Authors: Chowdhury TS , Ruman U , Chowdhury TA
Published: June 2016

Skin metastasis from malignant ovarian carcinoma is rare and seen in only 3% of patients. Hence, we report a case of ovarian cancer with scar metastasis. The patient, a 31 year old woman presented with two skin nodules in the previous laparotomy scar which revealed metastatic papillary serous cyst adenocarcinoma on histopathology. So, it should be considered that ovarian malignancy is not always confined to pelvis and may present with associated skin lesion.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2015; 33(1): 41-43
Glycogen Storage Disease: An Unusual Presentation
Authors: Afroza Syeda , Rouf MA , Haque MM
Published: June 2016

Glycogen storage disease(GSD) are a group of disorders caused by lack of enzymes involved in glycogen synthesis or breakdown with buildup of glycogen in tissue. The incidence of glycogen storage disease (GSD) is not uncommon in paediatric population. We report the case of a twelve year old boy of glycogen storage disease who presented with gradual abdominal distension since his two years of age and two episodes of epistaxis. There was no history of jaundice, blood transfusion, convulsion, contact with TB patient, travelling to malaria or kala azar endemic zone or deterioration of school performance. On examination, he was mildly pale, stunted and had gross hepatosplenomegaly. The single positive lab investigation in this case was increased triglyceride and the final diagnosis was made by liver biopsy. After diagnosis, treatment was provided by counseling and appropriate feeding advice. This case is being reported because this type of presentation with gross hepatosplenomegaly without a single episode of convulsion is unusual in glycogen storage disease, and the age of presentation is also late.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2015; 33(1): 48-51
Acrorenal Mandibular Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Nahar Begum Sharifun
Published: June 2016

Abstract not availableJ Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2015; 33(2): 95-97
College News 33(2)
Authors: Ahasan HAM Nazmul
Published: June 2016

Abstract not availableJ Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2015; 33(2): 109-115
From the desk of editor in Chief 33(2)
Authors: Ahasan HAM Nazmul
Published: June 2016

Abstract not availableJ Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2015; 33(2): 116
Obituary 33(2)
Authors: Alam Md  Mahbub Ul , Akhtar Dil Afroza
Published: June 2016

Abstract not availableJ Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2015; 33(2): 117
Medication Bezoar Causing acute Gastric Outlet Obstruction: A Case Report
Authors: Mazid Md Abdul
Published: June 2016

Medication bezoars are rare and are composed of medications and/or medication vehicles. Rarely, medication bezoars can cause serious problems due to complications such as perforation, obstruction, haemorrhage. A 60 years old woman presented with 10 days history of epigastric pain, weakness and postprandial non-bilious vomiting. Her abdominal ultrasonography showed strong post acoustic shadow noted within 1st part of duodenum possibly foreign body. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed and a bezoar of tablet of aluminum hydroxide was extracted. The patient had uneventful recovery. Acute gastric outlet obstruction is relatively uncommon and mostly due to foreign bodies related to food impaction, with meat being the most frequent culprit. The diagnostic approach to acute gastric outlet obstruction is similar to other cause of GOO. However, therapeutic options differ for each patient. The diagnosis should be made in prompt time to prevent life threatening complications due obstruction and/or effect of medication forming bezoar.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2015; 33(3): 177-180
Letter to the Editor 33(3)
Authors: Begum Nazneen , Islam Ferdousi , Alam Irin Parveen
Published: June 2016

Abstract not availableJ Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2015; 33(3): 184-185
From the desk of editor in Chief 33(3)
Authors: Azad Khan Abul Kalam
Published: June 2016

Abstract not availableJ Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2015; 33(3): 186
The Right to Energy: Meaning, Specification and the Politics of Definition
Authors: Walker Gordon
Published: June 2016

Les débats à propos des droits intègrent de plus en plus l’énergie dans un ensemble de droits de « deuxième génération » qui cherchent à satisfaire des demandes socio-économiques ou de bien-être politiquement importantes pour la citoyenneté contemporaine (globale). Le « droit à l’énergie », comme énoncé dans ses deux formes internationales et régionales, cherche à établir que l’énergie est davantage qu’une simple marchandise, et que les acteurs étatiques et autres impliqués dans la fourniture d’énergie ont donc des obligations qui vont au-delà des relations normales (inégales) de marché. Qu’il s’agit d’une question spécifique de justice. Dans cette discussion, nous allons examiner ce que l’on entend par droit à l’énergie, et comment, ce faisant, il est nécessaire d’examiner soigneusement à quoi sert l’énergie. Catégoriser le droit à l’énergie aux côtés de la provenance plus établie du droit à l’eau, met en évidence que l’énergie n’est pas une chose (une catégorie construite plutôt que naturelle) ; que sa valeur ainsi que sa demande est dérivée - pour des services multiples - plutôt qu’immédiatement vitales ou directes ; et que les flux (socio)naturels sont imbriqués dans la géographie de la manière dont l’énergie (produite) importe pour le bien-être. Ces caractéristiques compliquent la formulation pratique d’un droit à l’énergie en soi, et suggèrent (peut-être) que des termes plus spécifiques sont plus appropriés - le droit à l’électricité, le droit à la chaleur, par exemple. Elles orientent également vers des distinctions entre un droit d’accès (qui accorde une attention à la fourniture de l’infrastructure et la possibilité de la demande) et un droit d’utilisation (qui attire l’attention sur les termes de l’offre, la capacité d’achat et la nécessité de la demande) ; ainsi que la mesure dans laquelle le droit à l’énergie peut ou doit prendre une forme universelle, applicable.
Populisme et politique énergétique en Hongrie
Authors: Fodor Ferenc
Published: June 2016

La question de la précarité énergétique s’inscrit dans le cadre plus global des politiques conduites depuis 2010 par les gouvernements Fidesz sous l’autorité de Viktor Orbán qui, à partir de 2013, a initié des baisses du prix des énergies domestiques (électricité, gaz, chauffage urbain) de l’ordre de près de 25 % au total. Ces baisses ont été accordées à tous les ménages sans aucune distinction ni du niveau des consommations, ni du niveau des revenus. Cela a ainsi favorisé mécaniquement les plus aisés sans apporter de véritables réponses aux plus fragiles. Malgré cela, la question de la précarité énergétique est considérée par les autorités en place depuis ces baisses comme quasiment résolue. Les motivations électoralistes du pouvoir autocratique et nationaliste d’Orbán sont doublées d’une volonté de mettre dans une situation intenable les propriétaires étrangers des sociétés de distribution en vue d’une renationalisation du secteur. Cette politique (re)centralisatrice s’inscrit dans des pratiques clientélistes et autoritaires où les « fidèles » sont récompensés, les catégories sociales les plus riches privilégiées notamment sur le plan fiscal et les plus pauvres stigmatisés et laissés au bord de la route. Elles subissent la baisse voire la suppression de nombreuses aides sociales comme celle liée aux frais de logement également supprimée depuis mars 2015.
La crónica en Rufino Blanco-Fombona
Authors: Blancofombona Maguy
Published: June 2016

La crónica modernista hispanoamericana de finales del siglo XIX y comienzos del XX sienta las bases de la crónica contemporánea. Se orienta hacia una toma de conciencia de sí, de lo autobiográfico y de lo íntimo. Entre los escritores que se instalan en Europa, por razones de un exilio impuesto o voluntario, la palabra libertad los incita a extasiarse y a dejar constancia de la transformación trascendental que viven las ciudades y los espacios a donde llegan.La lámpara de Aladino, del escritor venezolano Rufino Blanco-Fombona, es un ejemplo de una nueva estética concebida en breves crónicas sobre la vida, los espacios, las ideas sociopolíticas, la historia, las lecturas y el arte. Estas Notículas, como las denomina el escritor, incluyen entre otros textos páginas de sus Diarios, libros de viaje, cartas, demostrando con ello la hibridez de este tipo de género.
Luis Tejada: la crónica como crítica literaria
Authors: Montoya Pablo
Published: June 2016

En la segunda década del siglo XX Colombia intenta integrarse a la modernidad artística. Expresiones de la vanguardia literaria, sobre todo en la poesía, empiezan a aparecer, y es en el espacio periodístico en donde surge una suerte de debate literario entre las corrientes más conservadoras y las más liberales. Luis Tejada (1898-1924), uno de los exponentes más interesantes de la crónica literaria en el país, manifiesta en sus crónicas la segunda tendencia y abre con sus textos, breves, irónicos y contestatarios, una veta donde se instala un fenómeno híbrido entre la crónica y la crítica literaria. La ponencia estudia el perfil de estos textos, y cómo en ellos respira la presencia de una vanguardia literaria en Colombia. Vanguardia que será ahogada por el fuerte establecimiento conservador del país.
La chronique comme genre : Tinísima d’Elena Poniatowska
Authors: Bisson-Fradet Rachel
Published: June 2016

Le Prix Cervantes 2013 a été décerné à Elena Poniatowska pour : « sa trajectoire littéraire dans plusieurs genres, en particulier pour sa prose narrative, et pour s’être consacrée de manière exemplaire au journalisme, de la chronique à l’essai ». La particularité de l’auteure mexicaine réside dans l’hybridité générique de ses ouvrages qui combinent les techniques journalistiques et littéraires, c’est pourquoi nous avons fait le choix d’étudier, plutôt qu’une de ses chroniques, le roman photographique Tinísima. Notre propos consiste à démontrer qu’Elena Poniatowska ne se départit jamais complètement du genre littéraire de la chronique qui s’immisce dans ses œuvres de fiction.
Chronique, poésie et prophétie dans l’œuvre de Pablo Neruda
Authors: Casimiro Dominique
Published: June 2016

Profondeur temporelle. Besoin de continuité. Tentative de définition de l’identité des peuples. La chronique, selon Pablo Neruda, est un récit qui configure le temps, lui donne une structure porteuse de sens avant de devenir la base d’une construction prophétique. À partir d’une étude des trois chroniques créées par le poète chilien – Canto general (1950), Canción de gesta (1960) et Incitación al nixonicidio y alabanza de la revolución chilena (1973) –, nous balaierons plus de vingt ans de création poétique, et observerons que le récit qui relaie et invente à la fois la mémoire collective se substitue à celui du colonisateur, change les clefs d’organisation, les principes axiologiques qui sont à la base de toute histoire. Ce faisant, la chronique, selon Pablo Neruda, présente un nouvel assemblage du monde, une nouvelle donne pour l’avenir. Le découpage du temps, dans les trois œuvres convoquées, est un choix politique et poétique, un récit permettant au travail de création de Pablo Neruda de ne pas être une poésie de circonstance mais de s’ancrer dans la durée. L’articulation entre la chronique et la poésie amarre donc l’engagement politique à une profondeur historique, atteste la volonté de tramer le présent avec le passé, fait sens et pointe vers un avenir qui se dessine parce que la chronique poétique met au jour les structures de l’histoire du sous-continent américain.Ainsi, pouvons-nous conclure que le poète, à partir de patrons événementiels, prétend asseoir sa légitimité prophétique.