bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The network configuration in Parkinsonian state compensates network activity change caused by loss of dopamine
Authors: Kitano Katsunori
Published: February 2023

Parkinson's disease is a movement disorder caused by dopamine depletion in the basal ganglia. Neural activity of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and globus pallidus externus (GPe) in the basal ganglia are closely related to motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. However, the pathogenesis of the disease and the transition from the normal state to the pathological state have yet to be elucidated. The functional organization of the GPe is gaining attention due to the recent finding that it consists of two distinct cell populations, namely prototypic GPe neurons and arkypallidal neurons. Identifying connectivity structures between these cell populations, as well as STN neurons, in relation to the dependence of the network activity on the dopaminergic effects is vital. In the present study, using a computational model of the STN‐GPe network, we explored biologically plausible connectivity structures between these cell populations. We evaluated the experimentally reported neural activities of these cell types to elucidate the effects of dopaminergic modulation and changes caused by chronic dopamine depletion, such as strengthened connections in the neural activity of the STN‐GPe network. Our results indicate that the arkypallidal neurons receive cortical inputs separately from the source for prototypic and STN neurons, suggesting that arkypallidal neurons might be responsible for an additional pathway with the cortex. Furthermore, changes caused by chronic dopamine depletion compensate for the loss of dopaminergic modulation. Changes caused by dopamine depletion itself likely induce the pathological activity observed in patients with Parkinson's disease. However, such changes counteract those of firing rates caused by loss of dopaminergic modulation. In addition, we observed that the STN‐GPe tends to exhibit activity with pathological characteristics as side effects.
Impact of COVID-19 on dietary intake, sleeping patterns and physical activity levels among Malaysian University students
Authors: Lee Le Zhen , Cheng Shi-Hui
Published: February 2023

Objectives

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought a significant impact on people’s behaviour and lifestyles. Limited research has been conducted on the impact of COVID-19 on Malaysian university students’ lifestyle modifications. This study aims to identify the impact of COVID-19 on dietary intake, sleeping patterns and physical activity levels among Malaysian university students.

Methods

A total of 261 university students were recruited. Sociodemographic and anthropometric data were collected. Dietary intake was assessed using PLifeCOVID-19 questionnaire, sleep quality was assessed using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire (PSQI) while physical activity level was assessed using International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Forms (IPAQ-SF). SPSS was used to perform statistical analysis.

Results

30.7% of the participants adhered to the unhealthy dietary pattern, 48.7% had poor quality of sleep and 59.4% engaged in low physical activity levels during the pandemic. Unhealthy dietary pattern was significantly associated with a lower IPAQ category (p=0.013), and increased time spent sitting (p=0.027) during the pandemic. Participants being underweight before the pandemic (aOR=2.472, 95% CI=1.358–4.499), increased takeaway meal consumption (aOR=1.899, 95% CI=1.042–3.461), increased snacking between meals consumption (aOR=2.989, 95% CI=1.653–5.404) and engaged in a low level of physical activity during pandemic (aOR=1.935, 95% CI=1.028–3.643) were the predictors of unhealthy dietary pattern.

Conclusions

The university students’ dietary intake, sleeping patterns, and physical activity levels were impacted in different ways during the pandemic. Strategies and interventions should be developed and implemented to improve the dietary intake and lifestyle of the students.
Imperatives as persuasion strategies in political discourse
Authors: Khafaga Ayman
Published: February 2023

This paper attempts to explore the extent to which imperatives, linguistically manifested in direct commands, attention-getters, and let-constructions, function as persuasion strategies in one of the speeches of President El-Sisi of Egypt. The main objective of this paper is to test the hypothesis that imperatives, irrespective of their type, do not necessarily require a verbal or physical response, as is the case with their ordinary semantic function; however, they go beyond their common semantic functionality towards specific pragmatic purposes, targeting the communication of particular political meanings in discourse. Two main findings are revealed in this paper: first, El-Sisi uses imperatives to motivate his addressees’ pragmatic competence rather than to elicit their verbal performance. Second, the three forms of Arabic imperatives are persuasion strategies employed in the speech to initiate a cognitively communicative channel through which intended meanings are communicated to interlocutors.
Crystal structure of (E)-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzylidene)-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one, C20H17F3O3
Authors: Lai Shuai , Hou Yun , Zhao Feng-Lan , Meng Qing-Guo
Published: February 2023

C20H17F3O3, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.0684(4) Å, b = 13.1942(6) Å, c = 13.7883(7) Å, β = 96.250(5)°, V = 1639.97(13) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0415, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1125, T = 100 K.
The crystal structure of 4–(4,4,5,5–tetramethyl–1,3,2–dioxaborolan–2–yl)morpholine, C10H20BNO3
Authors: Herbig Marcus , Böhme Uwe
Published: February 2023

C10H20BNO3, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.0681(8) Å, b = 6.1883(3) Å, c = 18.1603(13) Å, β = 105.111(6)°, V = 1200.84(14) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0338, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0861, T = 153 K.
Crystal structure of cyclo-(bis(µ2-3,3′-(1H-imidazole-3-ium-1,3-diyl)dipropionato-κ4
O,O′:O″,O″′)-dinitrato-κ2
O,O′-tetraoxido-diuranium(VI) C18H22N6O18U2
Authors: Meng Yuning , Cai Bin
Published: February 2023

C18H22N6O18U2, monoclinic, P2/c (no. 13), a = 10.894(2) Å, b = 7.9674(16) Å, c = 16.787(3) Å, β = 100.823(2)°, V = 1399.1(5) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0307, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0728, T = 296(2) K.
Solid lipid nanoparticles for targeted natural and synthetic drugs delivery in high-incidence cancers, and other diseases: Roles of preparation methods, lipid composition, transitional stability, and release profiles in nanocarriers’ development
Authors: Mohammed Hamdoon A. , Khan Riaz A. , Singh Varsha , Yusuf Mohammad , Akhtar Naseem , Sulaiman Ghassan M. , Albukhaty Salim , Abdellatif Ahmed A. H. , Khan Maria , Mohammed Salman A. A. , Al-Subaiyel Amal M.
Published: February 2023

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), the spheroidal-shaped, colloids state lipophilic-natured, innovative nanoscale particulate materials, are being concurrently prepared by the quality-by-design approach for cellular and sub-cellular delivery of drugs and other payloads with facilitated physicochemical characteristics for targeted delivery. The delivery of drugs, other pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceutical materials, and genes to the diseased body organs, tissues, and cellular mass have been developed as promising nanocarriers for different high-incidence cancers and other disease therapies, including the Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and tuberculosis. SLNs have evolved as favorable lipid-based formulation, and have served as oral and intravenous carriers that targeted the drug with stable and sterile transport, sustained delivery, controlled drug/payload deloading, and requisite biodistributions. SLNs advantages, shortcomings, and bottlenecks have been discussed with plausible remediation strategies. The laboratory-scale and bulk preparations, use of different lipids in various preparation, surface coatings, physicochemical properties of the final product, and characterization protocols are also encompassed, as are the routes of administrations, specific-sites-targeting, and on-site outreach with biocompatibility, bioavailability, and the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion and pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics inputs with relevance to the therapy. Plausible applications in complex and genetic disorders, and as personalized medicine, also of traditional and alternative medicine prospects, are also discussed.
Skaitmeninių technologijų integravimas į mokyklos, kaip organizacijos, procesus ir praktikas: teorinis modelis
Authors: Batuchina Aleksandra , Melnikova Julija
Published: February 2023

Mokslinio straipsnio tikslas – pristatyti kuriamą teorinį modelį, kuris apibūdintų pagrindinius mokyklų tobulinimo pasitelkus skaitmenines technologijas elementus ir leistų atskleisti mokyklų skirtumus bei nustatyti jų geriausią praktiką ir iššūkius. Modelis projektuojamas tokių teorijų, kaip, pvz., mokyklos tobulinimo, edukacinių inovacijų, besimokančios mokyklos, pagrindu, integruojant naujausias skaitmeninių technologijų vaidmens edukacijoje ir mokyklos vadyboje teorijas. Modelio pagrindą sudaro šeši pagrindiniai elementai, apibūdinantys inovatyvią skaitmeninę mokyklą: mokyklos vizija, lyderystė, mokymo(si) procesas, besimokanti bendruomenė, veiklos kokybės užtikrinimas, skaitmeniniai ištekliai. Ypatingas dėmesys skiriamas skaitmeninių technologijų taikymo galimybėms, atsakant į klausimą, kaip jos prisideda tobulinant pedagoginę ir vadybinę praktiką. Sukurtas inovatyvios skaitmeninės mokyklos teorinis modelis bus tolesnio tyrimo pagrindas, leisiantis mokykloms apmąstyti, suprasti ir tobulinti savo praktikas, siekiant pasitelkus skaitmenines technologijas siekti tvarių pedagoginių ir vadybinių pokyčių.
Deletion ofSod1in Motor Neurons Exacerbates Age-Related Changes in Axons and Neuromuscular Junctions in Mice
Authors: Pollock N. , Macpherson P. C. , Staunton C. A. , Hemmings K. , Davis C. S. , Owen E. D. , Vasilaki A. , Van Remmen H. , Richardson A. , McArdle A. , Brooks S. V. , Jackson M. J.
Published: February 2023

Whole-body knock-out of Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (Sod1KO) results in accelerated, age-related loss of muscle mass and function associated with neuromuscular junction (NMJ) breakdown similar to sarcopenia. In order to determine whether altered redox in motor neurons underlies this phenotype, an inducible neuron-specific deletion of Sod1 (i-mnSod1KO) was compared with wild-type (WT) mice of different ages (adult, mid-age, and old) and whole-body Sod1KO mice. Nerve oxidative damage, motor neuron numbers and structural changes to neurons and NMJ were examined. Tamoxifen-induced deletion of neuronal Sod1 from two months of age. No specific effect of a lack of neuronal Sod1 was seen on markers of nerve oxidation (electron paramagnetic resonance of anin vivospin probe, protein carbonyl, or protein 3-nitrotyrosine contents). i-mnSod1KO mice showed increased denervated NMJ, reduced numbers of large axons and increased number of small axons compared with old WT mice. A large proportion of the innervated NMJs in old i-mnSod1KO mice displayed a simpler structure than that seen in adult or old WT mice. Thus, previous work showed that neuronal deletion of Sod1 induced exaggerated loss of muscle in old mice, and we report that this deletion leads to a specific nerve phenotype including reduced axonal area, increased proportion of denervated NMJ, and reduced acetyl choline receptor complexity. Other changes in nerve and NMJ structure seen in the old i-mnSod1KO mice reflect aging of the mice.
Rethinking Multilateralism: Some Reflections
Authors: Raghavan Vikram
Published: February 2023

Multilateralism occupies a vast canvas. It means different things to different people. It is studied across many disciplines from political science and international relations to history, sociology, and international law. Its theorists are as diverse as its critics (Alvarez 2000). As the contributions to this special collection reveal, our understanding of multilateralism is constantly evolving with new research, experience, and insights.

In this comment, I reflect on international organizations as multilateralism’s laboratories and agents. Multilateralism is a cyclical phenomenon at an international institution (Cohen 2018). My focus, therefore, is on a multilateral institution’s life cycle and some of its legal and policy conundrums. I must caution, however, that I am neither a scholar nor an expert. My perspectives are shaped by my professional experience as an international institution’s staff member and by a personal interest in the history, law, and practice of multilateral organizations.
Comparing the Inspiratory Capacity Measurements Obtained by Incentive Spirometry and Ultrasonic Spirography in the Early Postoperative Period in Cardiac Surgery Patients
Authors: Eremenko A. A. , Zyulyaeva T. P. , Ryabova D. V. , Grekova M. S. , Alferova A. P. , Goncharova A. V. , Grin O. O. , Dmitrieva S. S. , Dmitrieva A. S.
Published: February 2023

Incentive spirometry is one of the most common methods used for respiratory rehabilitation in the early period after cardiac surgery. Inspiratory capacity values, obtained by a patient using spirometer, are not reliably trusted.

Objectives. To compare volumetric parameters measured with incentive spirometer and results obtained with bedside ultrasound-based spirometer to assure the feasibility of the use of incentive spirometry to assess the inspiratory capacity and eﬀectiveness of postoperative respiratory rehabilitation.

Materials and methods. The study included 50 patients after elective cardiac surgery. Pulmonary rehabilitation involved the use of various respiratory therapy methods. Spirography was performed before and after each session. Both approaches were used simultaneously to obtain the spirometry maximum inspiratory capacity (SMIC) with a bedside ultrasonic spirography and maximum inspiratory capacity (MIC) index using an incentive spirometer. Patient’s discomfort and adverse events during the procedures were recorded.

Results. The absolute values of the MIC measured before and after each session by the two methods were dissimilar, however, the average increment values (6) did not show statistically significant differences. The correlation analysis revealed a strong positive statistically significant relationship between 6 SMIC and 6 MIC (R = 0.74 before the session, R = 0.79 after the session, R = 0.77 across the whole data set, P < 0.01), also consistent with the Bland–Altman analysis, evidencing that more than 95% of all values fell within ± 1.96 SD of the mean difference. The inspiratory spirometry method showed good diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity 87%, specificity 85%, area under the curve (AUC) 0.8 (95% CI: [0.76; 0.83]), P < 0.001). Refusals of procedure were more often documented with ultrasonic spirography.

Conclusion. The increment in the inspiratory capacity index measured with incentive spirometer shows good agreement with ultrasonic spirography measurements. Therefore, incentive spirometry can be reliably used to assess the effectiveness of respiratory rehabilitation interventions in cardiac surgery patients during early postoperative period.
Inter-Alpha Inhibitor Proteins as a Predictor of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Newborn Infants
Authors: ELMeneza S. A. , Arafat N. M. , El-Bagoury I. M. , Gaber A.
Published: February 2023

Necrotizing enterocolitis is a devastating emergency, multifactorial disease. Inter-alpha inhibitor proteins are serine protease inhibitors involved in many physiological and pathological activities.

Aim: this study was designed in order to assess the value of inter-alpha inhibitor proteins in predicting and improving accuracy of diagnosis of NEC in newborn infants with non-precise abdominal and intestinal manifestations.

Materials and Methods. This study was prospective longitudinal research that included 80 newborn infants presented with non-specific abdominal manifestations. Infants were divided into two groups. Group A; infants who developed necrotizing enterocolitis, they had stage II or III necrotizing enterocolitis according to modified Bell's criteria. Group B; included infants who did not develop necrotizing enterocolitis. Serum inter alpha inhibitor proteins level was measured by ELISA.

Results. In necrotizing enterocolitis group, the median inter-alpha inhibitor protein level was (9.38 mg/L), this was significantly lower than non-necrotizing enterocolitis group (44.40 mg/L), P<0.01. Inter-alpha inhibitor protein was reduced in stage IA than stage IIIB. Inter-alpha inhibitor protein values were decreased in preterm and full term infants with sensitivity of 98 % and specificity of 96% at cutoff <19.42 and <19.96 mg/L. The cut off in non-survival cases was >13.29 mg/L with sensitivity of 53.33 % and specificity of 92.31%.

Conclusion. Inter-alpha inhibitor protein levels were reduced in full term and preterm infants with necrotizing enterocolitis, consequently it may improve diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis in newborn infants. It has prognostic value and correlate with severity of necrotizing enterocolitis. It might predict non-survival cases.
Pie diabético: tasas de mortalidad en pacientes con amputaciones mayores
Authors: Coria Hernán Eduardo , Sartorelli Daniel , Taffarel Bruno , Pérez Di Felice Matías E. , Anfuso Héctor S. , Silvestri Alicia E. , Fedun Rodríguez Emanuel
Published: February 2023

Introducción: Las amputaciones mayores provocan una elevada tasa de morbimortalidad. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron evaluar la tasa de mortalidad al mes, y a los 2 y 5 años de una amputación por pie diabético y comparar la tasa de mortalidad en pacientes con amputación infrarrotuliana o supracondílea.

Materiales y Métodos: Se evaluó retrospectivamente a 60 pacientes con 64 amputaciones mayores, operados entre 2010 y 2018. Se reunió la siguiente información: datos personales, lateralidad, puntaje de la clasificación de la Universidad de Texas, análisis bioquímicos, estudio Doppler, comorbilidades, supervivencia y causa del óbito. Se calculó la tasa de mortalidad general y por tipo de amputación al mes, a los 2 y 5 años.

Resultados: Se realizaron 58 amputaciones en hombres y 6, en mujeres (37 derechas, 27 izquierdas), 39 fueron supracondíleas, y 25 infrarrotulianas. La edad promedio era de 68 años. Hubo 28 óbitos: 15 pacientes con amputación supracondílea y 13 con amputación infrarrotuliana. Las tasas de mortalidad fueron: 13,33% al mes; 33,3% a los 2 años y 46,42% a los 5 años (pacientes con amputación supracondílea 26,78%; pacientes con amputación infrarrotuliana 19,64%). Las diferencias en los niveles de creatinina de los pacientes que murieron fueron estadísticamente significativas. Las principales causas de muerte fueron las complicaciones cardiovasculares.

Conclusiones: Las tasas de mortalidad fueron significativamente superiores en los pacientes con amputación supracondílea. La tasa de mortalidad al mes relacionada con sepsis fue alta. Los enfermos renales tuvieron una tasa de mortalidad mayor.
Effect of loss of bond on flat-slab building collapses
Authors: Kotsovos Gerasimos , Vougioukas Emmanouil , Kotsovos Michael D.
Published: February 2023

Between 1997 and 2010, there was a small, yet unexpected, number of flat-slab car park buildings that collapsed under service loading. In all the cases, the collapse was preceded by loss of bond (LoB) between the concrete and flexural reinforcement. All investigations of the causes of these collapses have since been inconclusive, particularly as regards the effect of LoB. Yet, LoB due to yielding of the flexural reinforcement in tension had already been proposed as the main cause of punching, and failure criteria derived on the basis of this proposal were found to produce predictions that correlated closely with experimentally established values of the punching failure load. The aim of the present work was to extend the range of application of these criteria to the case of LoB due to steel corrosion and test their validity against the available information on the car park building collapses.
MU‘TEZİLE AKILCILIĞINDA! HAVÂTIRIN ROLÜ: MÂRİFETULLAH ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: DURMUŞ Nuray
Published: February 2023

Mu‘tezile mezhebi denince akla gelen ilk mesele akılcılıktır. Mu‘tezile akılcılığı denince de verilen örneklerin başında mârifetullah konusu gelmektedir. Mârifetullah, kelâmda hüsün-kubuh, bilgi ve nazar bahisleri altında ele alınmıştır. Kelâm ekolleri arasında temel bir tartışma olan mârifetullah, günümüzde de birçok çalışmaya konu olmuştur. Bu çalışmaların bazılarında konu ya genel olarak mezheplere göre ya da önemli Mu‘tezilî âlimlere göre incelenmiştir. Burada Mu‘tezile’nin mârifetullahı aklî bir yükümlülük olarak gördüğü ve mârifetullah konusunda aklı mutlak bilgi kaynağı kabul ettiği ifade edilmiş ancak havâtırın rolüne değinilmemiştir. Yapılan bazı çalışmalarda ise havâtırın mârifetullahtaki rolüne kısaca değinilmekle yetinilmiştir. Bu çalışmada ise Mu‘tezile tarafından özelikle mârifetullaha ulaşma bağlamında teorik içeriğe büründürülmüş bir sâik olan havâtırın mahiyeti, kaynağı ve bulundurması gereken şartlar incelenmiştir. Ayrıca havâtırın akıl ve mârifetullah konularındaki rolüne yönelik Mu‘tezile’nin görüşü aktarılmıştır. Son olarak mârifetullah bağlamında Mu‘tezile’ye verilen akılcı hükmünün keyfiyeti değerlendirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda Muʻtezilî düşünürlerin, önemli epistemolojik kaynak kabul ettikleri aklı, havâtırla destekleyerek onun işlevselliğini artırdıkları tespiti yapılmıştır. Hatta havâtırla desteklenen aklın bilgi elde etmedeki hata olasılığını ortadan kaldırmaya yönelik havâtırın belli zorunlu şartları bulundurması gerektiğini söylemiş ve bununla metafizik alanda objektif bir bilginin imkânını göstermişlerdir. Ayrıca eylemlerin olumsuz neticeleri hakkında uyarıda bulunmasından dolayı havâtıra, kişiyi iyiye yönlendirme, yaratılış gayesi olan mükâfatlandırma ve özelliklede mârifetullaha ulaştırma yolunda tedbir mahiyetinde uyarıcı görev yüklemişlerdir. Ancak havâtırla harekete geçen bir akıl yürütme eylemine bağlı olarak mârifetullaha yönelik mükellefiyetin meydana geleceğini ifade etmişlerdir. Bu sebeple herkese havâtırın gelmesinin vâcip/zorunlu olduğu ve gelmediği takdirde kişinin mârifetullaha ulaşmakla mükellef tutulamayacağı yönünde neredeyse görüş birliği sağlamışlardır. Sonuç olarak Muʻtezile’ye göre havâtırla, bir taraftan Allah’a bağlı olan aklın dinî ve ahlakî alandaki işlevselliği artmaktadır. Öte yandan da Allah’tan bağımsız bir akıl düşünülemeyeceği için insan, mutlak olarak değil, Allah’ın sınırlarını çizdiği oranda bir düşünme potansiyeline sahiptir. Bu sebeple mârifetullah konusunda Mu‘tezile’ye verilebilecek akılcılık hükmü yanlış, en azından eksik bir yargıdır.
“I am all impulse, I am all seeking...”: “Tomsk period” in the life and work of G. A. Vyatkin
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Zhilyakova Natalia V. , Gerasimchuk Irina V. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation)
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to identify the features of the “Tomsk period” of the work of G. A. Vyatkin and define the main directions of his literary activity. Publications in the Tomsk pre-revolutionary periodical press were analyzed, with the information from research papers generalized and systematized. Vyatkin is known to have lived in Tomsk from 1893 to 1915. He collaborated with many periodicals in Tomsk and Siberia, published his works in the capital magazines, and was personally acquainted with prominent contemporaries - I. A. Bunin, A. M. Gorky, and A. N. Tolstoy. Vyatkin was most in demand as a poet. He published several poetry collections, with some works “tested” on the pages of newspapers and magazines. The poet tried his hand not only in poetry: in 1902, he was invited as a permanent reviewer to the magazine “Sibirskiy nablyudatel’” (“Siberian Observer”). Vyatkin successfully combined his poetic and literary criticism with fictional and journalistic work in Tomsk and Russian newspapers and magazines. Numerous essays, stories, and etudes by Vyatkin were interspersed with travel notes, press reviews, articles on a political theme, and feuilletons. The analysis of the “Tomsk period” of Vyatkin’s creativity gives an idea of his growth, the development of various spheres of literature and journalism, and the expansion of the range of methods and techniques. The combination of journalistic and literary activities was reflected in Vyatkin’s texts, with many of them being the responses to the actual events of the author’s personal life and the socio-political situation of Russia and Siberia.
Import dependency of the Russian civil aviation industry: Development prospects in the light of “Sanctions 2022”
Authors:   Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Kapoguzov Evgeny A.
Published: February 2023

Sanctions and restrictions by “unfriendly countries” in February-March 2022 affected many areas of the Russian economy. The article discusses the possible consequences of sanctions for Russian aviation and the aviation industry in terms of the problem of overcoming dependency on imports and the potential for transition to long-term development based on an import substitution strategy. Data on the structure of the aircraft fleet of the largest Russian companies are presented, and a conclusion is made about the critical dependency of most of them on import supplies and services. The historical development of the domestic aviation industry in the post-Soviet period is shown, the conclusion is made about the choice of a strategy for international cooperation, including in connection with the use of the advantages of “catch-up development” on the basis of the strategy of “market fundamentalism”, within the framework of the “Ideologeme of Philippe Aghion”. The predominance of foreign-made liners in the flight fleet of Russian companies is explained by the significant opportunities for the acquisition of new airliners through leasing schemes by Russian air carriers, the lack of a strategy for independence from imports of domestic aviation companies in the period up to 2014, and an emphasis on the priority renewal of the aircraft fleet by Russian airlines. The history of the development of two models of domestic aircrafts -Sukhoi Superjet 100 and MS-21, and the difficulties associated with the orientation of companies towards the production of military aircrafts, especially in the light of sectoral sanctions, are discussed. Based on an analysis of the development of the aviation industry in Russia in 2014-2022, the difficulty of abandoning international cooperation in the production of civil aircraft is stated. Despite the adoption of the Sectoral Plan of Measures for Import Substitution in the Civil Aircraft Industry of the Russian Federation, in fact, the goal of reducing import dependency was not achieved. The prospects for the proposed measures in the field of import substitution in the new conditions are discussed, in particular in relation to the production of Russian aircraft engines. Despite partial success, the work on certification of domestic PD-8 and PD-14 engines is still far from industrial development. The complexity of implementing the autarchy strategy for the development of a competitive Russian aviation industry in the medium term is shown. It is noted that in the medium term, in the conditions of a tough version of the current sanctions, the civil aircraft industry is waiting for a difficult path with “self-reliance”.
Forest tourism development management in the Russian Federation: Problems and prospects
Authors:   Cherepovets State University, Yashalova N.N. , Ruban D.A. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: February 2023

The development of the national tourism industry involves the development and promotion of new tourist destinations within the country. The aim of this work is to develop practical recommendations for the development of forest tourism in spe- cially protected natural areas. The article identifies the main trends in the development of tourism activities in the forests of specially protected natural areas. The author conducted a SWOT analysis that demonstrated the advantages and threats of this type of domestic tourism for the Russian Federation. The main attention is paid to the issues of development, promotion, and increasing of the attractiveness of forest tourism in the country. The theoretical provisions presented in the article can be applied in scientific and educational activities, and practical recommendations will be useful for municipal and regional authorities developing and implementing programs for the development of new types of domestic tourism in order to meet the target indicators of the Tourism and the Hospitality Industry national project.
Threats to the economic security of an individual: A subjective view (with afterword by Anatoly Zemtsov)
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Oblaukhova Maria V.
Published: February 2023

The article discusses the current state of research on the economic security of an individual and emphasizes the need to study subjective ideas about the level and components of personal economic security, existing threats and ways to protect against them. The article contains the results of a study of the subjective ideas of student youth about the most pressing threats to personal economic security, which indicate that students have certain skills in identifying threats to the economic security of their families, assessing their significance, and forming recommendations to eliminate the identified threats. The pressing threats to the economic security of an individual that students most often name are the loss of income sources, a decrease in income levels or their initially low level, ineffective personal financial planning, macroeconomic problems, and disability due to health problems. Despite the fact that most of the noted threats are predominantly external in relation to the family/individual, the students' works largely contain recommendations for reducing the damage from these threats by the efforts of an individual, which may indicate a trend towards a decrease in paternalistic sentiments among the youth. An analysis of the students' proposals to reduce the negative consequences of emerging threats indicates the need to continue active work to improve the financial literacy of the population. The author concludes that it is expedient to further research the subjective component of an individual's economic security in order to develop theoretical ideas about the essence of the phenomenon under study and increase the effectiveness of the state's social policy.
Jump-landings that supersede bone health threshold requirements for premenopausal women
Authors: Tracey Clissold , Cronin JB , De Souza MJ , Winwood PW
Published: February 2023

Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by a reduction in the density and quality of bone leading to a weakness of the skeleton and associated increased risk of fracture [1]. The most common type of osteoporosis is termed primary osteoporosis and includes both postmenopausal and age-related osteoporosis, which involves the structural deterioration of bone and increased porosity leading to increased fragility [2] (Figure 1).
Effects of using augmented reality on students’ learning
Authors: António Faria , Guilhermina Lobato Miranda
Published: February 2023

This article presents the results of a systematic review of the literature regarding the effects of using Augmented Reality (AR) on the learning of science students (Natural Sciences and Biology). The PRISMA methodology was used. Ten articles were selected from indexed journals, in a period of time between 2010 and 2022, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The main inclusion criteria were: only articles with students from Basic and Secondary Education (equivalent to ISCED 2 and 3) and that report results in students’ learning. The main exclusion criteria were: duplicate articles and those that did not present a teaching strategy associated with the use of AR. The databases consulted were Scopus, ScienceDirect, Springer Link, EBSCO and Web of Science. Eight out of ten of the selected articles used an experimental methodology. The results indicate that AR had positive effects on students’ learning and motivation, as well as on other variables such as visuospatial skills and student involvement in tasks.
FAME analysis of pollen fatty acids v1
Authors: J. Carroll Mark
Published: February 2023

This protocol uses FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Esterification) techniques adapted from Seppanen-Laasko et al., 2002 to quantify fatty acid contents in small samples (10 mg) of anther pollen, corbicular pollen, or stored pollen. Pollen is initially fractured by cell disruption and fatty acids are extracted by Folch extraction/partition. Fatty acids are converted to their fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) equivalents by acid methylation then separated and analyzed by GCMS in SIM mode. Seppänen-Laasko, T., Laakso, I., & Hiltunen, R. (2002). Analysis of fatty acids by gas chromatography and its relevance to research on health and nutrition. Analytica Chimica Acta, 465, 39-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(02)00397-5 National Program Number: NP 305 Project Number: 2022-21000-022-000D, 2022-21000-022-053-I Carl Hayden Bee Research Center, USDA-ARS PWA, Tucson, Arizona, USA Grand Challenge - Assessing the Nutrient Contents of Pollen for Bees
Calibration Protocol v1
Authors: Khmelnitsky Olga
Published: February 2023

This is a quick calibration protocol for the Arduino AAWsmo box. Use this protocol at the beginning of every new experiment and as needed. This is part of a larger phenotyping project in the Julkowska Lab at the Boyce Thompson Institute in Ithaca NY
Matematik Derslerinin Zenginleştirilmiş Öğrenme Ortamlarında Yapılması ile Öğrencilerin Akademik Başarıları Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: YAŞA Kübra Nur , KALE Mustafa
Published: February 2023

Araştırmanın genel amacı, zenginleştirilmiş öğrenme ortamında (ZÖO) işlenen matematik dersleri ile dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin matematik akademik başarıları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Araştırma tarama modeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Şırnak ili, ilkokul dördüncü sınıf öğrencileri evreni oluşturmaktadır. Evreni temsil edecek örneklem seçilirken önce küme örnekleme yöntemiyle okullar belirlenmiş, ardından belirlenen okullardan eleman örnekleme ile öğrenciler seçilmiştir. Şırnak merkez dâhil olmak üzere 7 ilçeden, 20 ayrı okuldan 608 dördüncü sınıf öğrencisi araştırma örneklemine alınmıştır. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak 2018’de yenilenen Matematik Öğretim Programı’ndaki kazanımlar göz önünde bulundurarak Balcı’nın (2019) geliştirmiş olduğu dördüncü sınıf matematik başarı testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada toplanan verilerin tanımlayıcı istatistikleri kapsamında standart sapma, aritmetik ortalama, maksimum ve minimum değerler, frekans ve yüzdeler hesaplanmıştır. Tüm alt amaçlarda grupları karşılaştırmak için Mann-Whitney-U testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarında geleneksel ve zenginleştirilmiş öğrenme ortamında (ZÖO) yapılan matematik dersi başarı puanları arasında bütün alt boyutlar, test-1 ve test-2’de, ZOÖ ders yapanlar lehine anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. ZÖO’da ders yapan öğrencilerin, matematik dersi başarı puanları arasında cinsiyet değişkeni açısından alt boyutların hiçbirinde anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır. ZÖO’da ders yapan öğrencilerin matematik dersi puanları arasında yerleşim yeri değişkenine göre ise alt boyutlardan sayılar ve işlemler test-1 ve test-2’de, geometri test-1’de, tüm test-1 ve test-2’de şehir merkezinde bulunan öğrenciler lehine anlamlı fark bulunmuştur.
Choroid melanoma, developed from nevus
Authors: Stoyukhina Alevtina S. , Lerner Marina Yu.
Published: February 2023

It is known that 25% of choroidal nevus are suspicious, and the risk of their malignanisation is 2-13% with a tendency to increase during follow-up me elongation. It is known that 5.8% undergoes malignancy within 5 years, and 13.9% of suspicious choroidal nevi undergoes malignancy within 10 years. In the article, a clinical case of choroidal melanoma development 5.5 years after the detection of suspicious nevus in a patient who refused to follow up is described. In the presented case, there was a combination of two risk factors of nevus malignisation, which significantly increases the likelihood of such an outcome. Long-term follow-up of patients is required from the first day of diagnosis nevus of the choroid with signs of progression.
Reflections by Community Partners of Hong Kong-based Universities on Key Process Variables in Service-Learning: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Lau Ka Hing , Snell Robin Stanley , Chan Maureen Yin Lee , Yeung Cynthia Lok Sum
Published: February 2023

This research study aims to validate the typology of process variables salient in service-learning projects proposed by Snell and Lau (2023) with empirical evidence. The study employed a qualitative approach by interviewing partner organization representatives (PORs) from 11 local and two international community partner organizations (CPOs), which had a history of collaboration in various service-learning projects with four universities based in Hong Kong. Our analysis identified five key factors that were perceived to be conducive to the success of service-learning projects. These positive factors were: student ownership and initiative, positive roles for PORs and their staff; an established collaborative relationship between the CPO and university; university unit-provided support and preparation for students; and instructor commitment. These factors confirmed several variables in the Snell and Lau (2023) typology, and relationships among these factors were identified. Interviewees identified factors impeding effective service, including the absence of some success factors, failure to align community/CPO needs and instructor requirements, and insufficient time parameters for the service. In our discussion of the findings, we infer some possible causal relationships among the positive factors. Limitations of the present study are discussed, and directions for further research are suggested.
Testing the Bounds of Universities’ Merchandising Rights in Light of Penn State v. Vintage Brand
Authors: Grady John
Published: February 2023

The district court opinion in Pennsylvania State University v. Vintage Brand (2022) offers new legal insight about how judicial interpretations of trademark law in merchandising cases may be evolving to be much less protective of universities than in the past. Whereas successful legal arguments by universities in past trademark infringement cases have largely shielded universities and given them adequate trademark protection, that legal status quo may be shifting to be less protective of the universities as a result of recent case law, including in the instant case. Because of how the logos and emblems are used on the merchandise, the case suggests there may be an opportunity for unauthorized retailers to be able to use the names and past logos of the university without a license, a legal proposition that would curtail the expansive merchandising rights in sport. This article explores these legal issues through the Penn State case and examines how they may affect university athletics trademark licensing practices going forward if the legal climate shifts in how universities approach protection of their intellectual property.
CBR cíclico como método alternativo para la determinación del módulo resiliente en suelos blandos de subrasante
Authors: Bojacá Torres Diana Carolina , Campagnoli Martínez Sandra Ximena
Published: February 2023

El CBR cíclico (cCBR) puede ser una alternativa de ensayo para estimar el módulo resiliente (Mr) de suelos blandos de subrasante, de manera relativamente económica y sencilla. En el presente trabajo se presenta una comparación de los resultados obtenidos de Mr, siguiendo la norma de ensayo del Instituto Nacional de Vías, INV 156-13 “Módulo resiliente de suelos y agregados”, cuya norma de referencia es la AASHTO T-307 (Standard Method of Test for Determining the Resilient Modulus of Soils and Aggregate Materials), con el módulo equivalente (Eequi) de muestras de arcilla inalterada de la zona lacustre de la ciudad de Bogotá, obtenido en el ensayo cCBR, adaptado principalmente de la propuesta presentada por investigadores de la Universidad de Delft. Los resultados muestran que la prueba de cCBR es una opción viable para estimar el Mr a partir del Eequi de arcillas blandas, con una confiabilidad del 95 %.
Comparación entre el ACI-318-19 y la NSR-10 para diseño estructural de pórticos de concreto en zonas de amenaza sísmica alta
Authors: Amariles López Cristhian , Ramírez-Sepúlveda Daniel , Cano-Saldaña Leonardo
Published: February 2023

En este trabajo se realiza un análisis comparativo de la Norma Colombiana Sismorresistente NSR-10 y el reglamento ACI 318-19 (base del próximo título C de la norma NSR actualmente en desarrollo), en dicha comparación se detallaron las exigencias técnicas actuales presentes en ambos reglamentos para sistemas de pórticos de concreto reforzado en zonas de amenaza sísmica alta. Inicialmente se realizó un análisis comparativo entre el cuerpo del título C de la NSR-10 y el reglamento ACI 318-19 mostrando las diferencias en la disposición de cada uno de los capítulos presentes en cada normatividad, de este análisis se obtiene una matriz comparativa y los mapas de ruta correspondiente a cada capítulo, los cuales facilitaran la búsqueda y comprensión de las diferencias encontradas en la disposición de los capítulos. Posteriormente se realiza un segundo análisis comparativo confrontando uno a uno los requisitos para elementos pertenecientes a estructuras con capacidad especial de disipación de energía. De esta segunda comparación se detallan las diferencias más relevantes encontradas entre las especificaciones de ambas normativas, acompañada de una breve justificación de los cambios encontrados. Finalmente, se realiza el diseño estructural de dos edificaciones aporticadas de concreto reforzado, siguiendo los lineamientos de ambas normativas con el fin de realizar un comparativo final de las cuantías de refuerzo y volúmenes de concreto por medio del cual, se realizó un análisis del impacto económico que generará la aplicación de las nuevas especificaciones establecidas en el reglamento ACI 318-19, encontrándose una diferencia porcentual de aumento de costos del 2.2%.
Metasuperficies en el diseño de antenas: una introducción
Authors: Moreno Gina M. , Perez-Walton Santiago , López Francisco
Published: February 2023

En los últimos años las metasuperficies se han perfilado como nuevos materiales que pueden utilizarse de manera eficiente en diversos campos prácticos. Aplicaciones como cambio de polarización, antenas, superficies de impedancia y cámaras anecoicas han mostrado resultados esperanzadores en diferentes líneas de investigación. Sin embargo, su modelado y caracterización es complejo comparado con otros tipos de materiales, lo que dificulta la obtención de resultados relevantes de manera eficaz. En este trabajo se presentan algunos de los resultados más importantes asociados a la física de las metasuperficies junto con sus potenciales usos y aplicaciones, describiendo su caracterización en el diseño de antenas: metapantallas y metafilms. Además, se hace un paralelo entre sus ventajas y desventajas y al final se muestran resultados de simulación de diversos subtipos de antenas y el análisis de su comportamiento a distintas frecuencias de operación.
Aromatherapy for Postpartum Depression – A Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis
Authors: Shamsunisha Yusuff , Arunesh Aishwarya , Pandiaraja Muthupandi , Venugopal Vijayakumar , Poonguzhali Shanmugam , Kuppusamy Maheshkumar
Published: February 2023

Objective: The incidence and prevalence of postpartum depression is increasing due to multiple factors. Aromatherapy is a widely used complementary and alternative (CAM) therapy in the management of depression. This systematic review and meta-analysis was done to find the effect of aromatherapy on postpartum depression.
Materials and methods: Electronic databases like PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Science Direct since inception till February 2021 were searched using related keywords to obtain eligible studies. Randomised controlled trial studies (RCTs) reporting the effects of aromatherapy therapy in women with postpartum depression were included. Aromatherapy studies conducted on population other than postpartum women were excluded. The primary outcome was depression scores obtained by using valid depression scales. Meta-analysis was performed using the random-effects model of Der Simonian and Laird to produce summary treatment effects in terms of Hedges' g effect sizes with 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results: A total of 4 RCTs (n=303) were included. The results indicate that aromatherapy (Hedges' g =-0.94, 95 CI= -2.55, 0.61, I2=88%, p<0.01) reduces depression levels among postpartum women without statistical significance.
Conclusion: The available evidences suggest aromatherapy may be effective in reducing post-partum depression. The number of scientific evidences currently available are very limited and more studies with robust study designs are required to strongly recommend aromatherapy in the management of post-partum depressions. However, being a safer intervention with no adverse effects being reported in previous studies, aromatherapy could definitely be added as an effective complementary therapy in the management of post-partum depression along with conventional medicine.
Is The Co-administration of Metformin and Clomiphene Superior to Induce Ovulation in Infertile Patients with Poly Cystic Ovary Syndrome And Confirmed Insulin-resistance: A Double Blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Azargoon Azam , Mousavi Fatemi Human , Mirmohammadkhani Majid , Darzi Satinik
Published: February 2023

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of clomiphene citrate (CC) combined with metformin or placebo on infertile patients with poly cystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and insulin resistance (IR).
Materials and methods: We included 151 infertile women with PCOS and IR in a university hospital from November 2015 to April 2022 in this prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Patients were randomized into two groups; group A: received CC plus metformin (n = 76) and group B: received CC plus placebo (n = 75). The ovulation rate was the main outcome measure. Clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, live birth and abortion rates were secondary outcome measures.
Results: There was no remarkable difference in ovulation rate in two groups. Moreover, no significant changes were observed in clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, live birth and abortion rates between two groups. A larger proportion of women in group A suffered from side effects of metformin (9.3% versus 1.4%; p=0.064), although this was not significant.
Conclusion: In IR infertile women with PCOS, metformin pre-treatment did not increase the ovulation, clinical pregnancy and live birth rates in patients on clomiphene citrate.