bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining Linguistic Differences in Electronic Health Records for Diverse Patients with Diabetes (Preprint)
Authors: Bilotta Isabel , Tonidandel Scott , Liaw Winston R. , King Eden , Carvajal Diana , Taylor Ayana , Thamby Julie , Xiang Yang , Tao Cui , Hansen Michael
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

Individuals from minoritized racial and ethnic backgrounds suffer from pernicious and pervasive health disparities that have emerged, in part, from clinician bias.

OBJECTIVE

We used a natural language processing approach examine to whether linguistic markers in electronic health record (EHR) notes differ, based on the race and ethnicity of the patient. To validate this approach, we also assessed the extent to which clinicians perceive linguistic markers to be indicative of bias.

METHODS

In this cross-sectional study, we extracted EHR notes for patients 18 years of age or older who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and received care from family physicians, general internists, or endocrinologists practicing in an urban, academic network of clinics between 2006 and 2015. Race and ethnicity of patients were defined as ‘White Non-Hispanic,’ ‘Black Non-Hispanic,’ or ‘Hispanic/Latino’. We hypothesize that SEANCE (Sentiment Analysis and Social Cognition Engine) components (i.e., negative adjectives, positive adjectives, joy, fear and disgust, politics, respect, trust verbs, well-being) and mean word count would be indicators of bias if racial differences emerged. We performed linear mixed effects analyses to examine the relationship between the outcomes of interest (the SEANCE components and word count) and patient race and ethnicity, controlling for patient age. To validate this approach, we asked clinicians to indicate the extent to which (on a scale of 1 to 10 with 10 being extremely indicative of bias) they thought variation in the use of SÉANCE language domains for different racial and ethnic groups were reflective of bias in EHR notes.

RESULTS

We examined EHR notes (n = 12,905) of Black Non-Hispanic, White Non-Hispanic, and Hispanic/Latino patients (n = 1,562), who were seen by 281 physicians. Twenty-seven clinicians participated in the validation study. Participants rated negative adjectives as 8.63 (SD=2.06), fear and disgust as 8.11 (SD=2.15), and positive adjectives as 7.93 (SD=2.46). Notes for Black Non-Hispanic patients contained significantly more negative adjectives (coeff=0.07, SE=0.02) and significantly more fear and disgust words (coeff=0.007, SE=0.002) compared to the notes for White Non-Hispanic patients. The notes for Hispanic/Latino patients included significantly fewer positive adjectives (coeff=-0.02, SE=0.007), trust verbs (coeff=-0.009, SE=0.004), and joy words (coeff=-0.03, SE=0.01) compared to the notes for White Non-Hispanic patients.

CONCLUSIONS

If validated, this approach may enable physicians and researchers to identify and mitigate bias in medical interactions, with the goal of reducing health disparities stemming from bias.
Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Peraturan Penetapan Standar Jasa Profesi Apoteker di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Hadning Ingenida , Rahajeng Bangunawati , Utami Pinasti , Khairiati Siti Martini , Wardhani Noviya , Ramadhani Nuariska Laila , Yasin Nanang Munif
Published: July 2023

The small salary received by pharmacists is one of the reasons for the low attendance of pharmacists in pharmacies. The regional management of the Yogyakarta Special Region of Indonesian Pharmacist Association (PD IAI DIY) has issued a Decree (SK) on Professional Service Standards for Pharmacists in DIY in 2017 so that it can be used as a reference for pharmacists in Yogyakarta who practice in pharmacies. This study aims to determine the implementation of the decree on pharmacists in DIY. Research variables are basic services, additional income and other facilities. The research instrument is a questionnaire. The sampling method used is accidental sampling. To calculate the number of samples used the Slovin formula. With a confidence level of 90%, the minimum sample size is 222 respondents. However, in this study, 268 pharmacists who practice in pharmacies finally obtained respondents. Respondents came from five districts/cities in DIY. Data were collected from August 2019 to February 2020. The research instrument used an e-questionnaire on a google form which was distributed through social media for members of IAI DIY and also distributed directly to several pharmacies in DIY. The data obtained were analyzed through descriptive statistical tests. The results showed that only 11 respondents met all the criteria in the SK. In the category of pharmacists who hold SIA, only seven respondents met all the criteria in the SK, namely three respondents from Sleman, two respondents from Yogyakarta City, and two respondents from Bantul. In the non-SIA pharmacist category, only four respondents met all the criteria in the SK, namely one respondent from Sleman, two respondents from Yogyakarta City, and one respondent from Gunung Kidul. It can be concluded that the SK PD IAI DIY regarding professional service standards has not been fully implemented by DIY pharmacists.
Potentially Inappropriate Medication (PIMs) Identification Using 2019 Beers Criteria at a Secondary Referral Hospital in Jakarta
Authors: Nurhasnah Nurhasnah , Viviandhari Daniek , Sakinah Riska Nur , Wulandari Desi
Published: July 2023

Drug information about Potentially Inappropriate Medications (PIMs) for elderly inpatients based on Beers 2019 is still limited in Indonesia. This study aimed to identify the incidence of PIMs using the 2019 Beers criteria in elderly patients and determine the factors associated with the incidence of PIMs. This research was observational with a cross-sectional approach. Data collection was carried out in the medical records section of a secondary referral hospital in Jakarta during August and September 2019. The number of samples was calculated using a sample size calculator, and data were obtained from the medical records of inpatients for the period January 2018-December 2018. The sampling of medical records was conducted with a non-probability sample with a purposive sampling technique. Inclusion criteria were medical records of inpatients aged 60 years or older. The exclusion criteria were patient medical records with incomplete data. The Beers 2019 criteria were used to identify PIMs. The results showed that from 325 medical records analyzed, PIMs were found in 122 (37.5%) elderly patients with a total incidence of 181 PIMs. Furosemide (25.4%) was the most common PIMs, followed by spironolactone (18.2%) and ranitidine (16%). The use of 10 medicines or more p<0.001, OR 4.26 95%CI (2.4-7.5) and a length of stay more than five days p=0.043 OR 1.65 95%CI (1.0- 2,6) was associated with a higher incidence of PIMs. However, age, gender, and the number of diagnoses were not significantly related to the incidence of PIMs. Health workers are advised to check serum creatinine in all hospitalized elderly patients and minimize the number of drugs used.
Profil Perawatan Sendiri (Self-care) dan Swamedikasi (Self-medication) pada Madrasah Aliyah Berasrama di Aceh Besar selama Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Hakim Abdul , Maulina Novia , Sugihantoro Hajar , Ramzi Humaira
Published: July 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought many changes to society, especially in carrying out daily activities. One of the changes is an increase in self-care and self-medication as an effort to survive during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research was conducted at Madrasah Aliyah (MA) Ruhul Islam Anak Nation Aceh Besar. The school is a boarding school that conducts offline learning activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to find out the description of self-care and self-medication during the COVID-19 pandemic at MA Ruhul Islam Anak Bangsa Aceh Besar. The research method uses descriptive research methods. Data was collected by filling out the questionnaire directly using a sample of 90 respondents. The results showed that the self-care profile showed that respondents who always made efforts to prevent COVID-19 were 21.9% and respondents who always maintained their well-being were 34.4%. In the self-medication profile, data showed that when self-medication, most of the respondents used synthetic drugs (69.5%), most of the respondents received information about self-medication from their parents (57.3%), the purpose of doing self-medication was mostly to increase endurance (45.1%), when doing self-medication, there are respondents who experience side effects, and the most are dizziness (29.1%) and 56.5% of respondents will immediately stop treatment if there are side effects, The most obstacles experienced by respondents in carrying out self-medication was that respondents did not know what medicine to use (40.2%). Based on these results, it can be concluded that it is necessary to increase the prevention of COVID-19 and provide education in conducting self-medication during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Supreme Court of Ruhul Islam Anak Bangsa Aceh Besar.
Cost Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) Strategi Terapi Anemia pada Pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronis
Authors: Kartikawati Nurfina Dian , Andayani Tri Murti , Endarti Dwi
Published: July 2023

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition in which the kidneys are unable to maintain a fluid balance of metabolic waste that is progressive, irreversible, and takes place slowly. Anemia is a complication of CKD that contributes to morbidity, mortality, and quality of life of patients, as well as greater costs of care. This study aims to evaluate the differences in the effectiveness and cost of anemia therapy with epoetin in patients with chronic kidney disease. The study was conducted in an analytical-observational manner with a retrospective cohort design from the provider's perspective. The sample used was CKD patients with anemia who met the inclusion criteria for the period January - December 2020, data were taken from medical records and patient financial recapitulation. Statistical analysis was carried out on the effectiveness of anemia therapy with epoetin based on the achievement of clinical outcomes of increasing Hb values within 3 months and financing calculated based on direct medical costs. A total of 113 patients met the inclusion criteria, consisting of 96 patients in the epoetin alpha group and 17 patients in the epoetin beta group. The percentage of achieving therapeutic targets in the epoetin beta group was higher (11.76%) than in the epoetin alfa group (10.42%). The average increase in Hb in the EPO beta group was higher than in the EPO alpha group. The cost of epoetin for anemia treatment in the beta epoetin group (Rp 1,005,365) was lower than the epoetin alfa group (Rp 1,017,188). The ICER value obtained was IDR -125,966, indicating a cost savings of IDR 125,966 to increase 1% of the achievement of therapeutic targets for Hb values >10 g/dl. The cost of therapy with EPO beta is lower than EPO alpha and the achievement of Hb therapy targets is better in EPO beta than EPO alpha.
Importance Performance Analysis Pelayanan Farmasi Klinik di RS Universitas Sumatera Utara dalam Persepsi Perawat
Authors: Rambe Rima Elfitra , Khairunnisa Khairunnisa , Wiryanto Wiryanto
Published: July 2023

Clinical Pharmacy Services (CPS) is provided by clinical pharmacists as members of the healthcare team. This is beneficial for hospital care. Therefore, knowing nurses' perception of CPS can determine the quality of healthcare provided and help in its improvement. This study aims to determine nurses' perception of clinical pharmacy services at the Universitas Sumatera Utara hospital, Medan, Indonesia. This is a descriptive study that used the Importance–Performance Analysis (IPA) method. The data were obtained by interviews and questionnaires to 60 nurses from October-December 2021. Five clinical pharmacy services are patient drug history, reconciliation, drug information services, recommendations and intervention in the integrated medical record, and sterile product dispensing. This study found that nurses have experienced the five clinical pharmacy services for as many as 52-60 people (87%-100%). Reconciliation, recommendations, and intervention in the integrated medical record are in Quadrant I.        It shows that the performance of these services has not met the nurses' expectations. Drug information services are in Quadrant II. It shows that the service performance has been in line with the expectations. The patient's drug history is in Quadrant III. It shows low performance and is not expected by the nurse. The sterile product dispensing by clinical pharmacists is in quadrant IV. It shows that even though the perceived performance is good, the respondents do not consider this service to be important.
Perancangan Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) untuk Drug Drug Interaction (DDI) pada e-Prescription
Authors: Perwirani Resia , Puspitasari Ika
Published: July 2023

Not all drugs side-effect that occur can be avoided, but those caused by drug-drug interactions (DDI) are among the most likely to be prevented and managed due to their predictability. The increasing number of drugs co-prescribed, affects the potential for drug interactions exponentially. Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) is a promising strategy to prevent patient safety risks caused by drug interactions. This study aims to design a CDSS for DDI on e-Prescription. This research is qualitative study with action research design. The research was carried out at Digital Health Innovation Studio (DHIS) UGM, and at Budi Rahayu Hospital Magelang with the implementation time November 2021 - April 2022. Data collection for user needs analysis was carried out by interviewing management, doctors and pharmacists at the hospital, and also pharmacologists. Design and development of CDSS-DDI was executed in collaboration with DHIS UGM programmers. The evaluation was done by interviews and a System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaire filled in by 17 system-related users. CDSS-DDI successfully developed according to user needs, it can be accessed by doctors and pharmacy units. The drug interaction warning display pop-up appears on one screen in the e-Prescription menu with a description of drug interactions in Bahasa. Drug interaction data refers to the National Drug Information Center (PIONas) which is managed by the POM. CDSS-DDI then implemented in hospital after going through socialization. Based on evaluation with SUS data processing tools, the CDSS-DDI received a score of 83 in the acceptable category and excellent rating. Based on results of evaluation interviews, CDSS for DDI is considered to have been successfully developed with the principle of user centered design and optimally efficient to help improve the quality of patient care.
Pengaruh Edukasi oleh Apoteker dengan Metode Brief Counseling terhadap Pengetahuan, Kepatuhan dan Glukosa Darah Pasien DM Tipe 2 di Puskesmas Kabupaten Pemalang
Authors: Syafitri Irrene Wulan , Yasin Nanang Munif , Sari Ika Puspita
Published: July 2023

The problem currently encountered by Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients is a decrease interaction in routine activities carried out at first-level health facilities due to the Covid-19 pandemic. This study is to determine the effect of education by pharmacists with media brief counseling on the knowledge, compliance, and clinical outcomes of DM patients. This type of research is a quasi-experimental method with a pretest and posttest design with the control group. This study was conducted prospectively to analyze the effect of brief counseling-based pharmaceutical services by pharmacists on the level of knowledge measured using the Diabetic Knowledge Questionnaire-24 (DKQ-24), the level of compliance was measured using the Morisky Green Levine Scale (MGLS) questionnaire, and the clinical outcomes of type 2 DM patients at the Puskesmas in Pemalang Regency from October to November 2021. The analysis to measure the bivariate differences in one group used the paired sample t-test, and the bivariate differences between groups were measured using the independent sample t-test. This study consisted of 32 patients in each control and intervention groups. The descriptive analysis of this study showed no differences in data on patient characteristics in the control and intervention groups (p>0.05). The results showed that there was an increase in patient knowledge from 12,66±2,43 to 21,75±1,81 (p=0,000) and an increase in patient compliance from 2,03±0,96 to 0,25±0,51 (p=0,000) after being given brief counseling. The clinical outcomes of DM patients showed that there was an improvement from 177,63±82,4 to 159±58,1 (p=0,002). Based on these results, it can be concluded that there is an effect of education by a pharmacist using the brief counseling method on the level of knowledge, compliance, and clinical outcome of type 2 DM patients.
Keamanan Penggunaan Antiglukolan pada Pasien Rawat Inap Stroke Iskemik dengan Atrial Fibrilasi
Authors: Mende Juniarto , Rahmawati Fita , Puspitasari Ika
Published: July 2023

Atrial fibrillation can cause stroke due to blood stasis in the left atrium which triggers thrombus formation and embolization of the brain. Administration of anticoagulants is used to prevent clot formation to prevent the occurrence of stroke, but on the other hand, it is associated with the risk of bleeding side effects. This study aims to evaluate the safety of anticoagulants in ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation. The study used a cross-sectional design. Retrospective data were taken from the medical records of RSUP Dr. Sardjito, Yogyakarta period January 2018 to December 2020. The research subjects were ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation. Evaluation of the safety of anticoagulants includes the number of major and minor bleeding events in each type of anticoagulant and the factors that influence the occurrence of bleeding. A total of 70 patients met the study inclusion criteria. Bleeding occurred in 41 cases (58,57%). Major bleeding was 28 patients (40%) and minor bleeding was 13 patients (18,57%). The most common anticoagulant that causes bleeding is warfarin. Multivariate test of the factors that influence the occurrence of bleeding in kidney failure (OR = 5,990; 95% Cl 2,002-17,920; p = 0,001). Monitoring the side effects of anticoagulants, especially warfarin is necessary. Pharmacists can play an important role in monitoring and preventing bleeding events by taking into account risk factors, especially kidney failure.
Evaluasi Sistem Informasi Manajemen pada Laporan Pemakaian dan Lembar Permintaan Obat di Puskesmas X
Authors: Pratitis Mera Putri , Peranginangin Jason Merari , Purwidyaningrum Ika
Published: July 2023

The required elements in drug procurement are usage and drug requisition report or Laporan Pemakaian dan Lembar Permintaan Obat (LPLPO). The application of the Management Information System (MIS) at X Public Health Center cannot fulfill the function of preparing the LPLPO, so it has an impact on the planning and procurement of the drug. This study aims to evaluate and determine the design of MIS development of LPLPO at X Public Health Center, Surakarta City. The study is a qualitative descriptive study with inductive analysis. The sampling in this study is a purposive sampling. The sample in this study were officers who operated SIM both pharmacists and assistant pharmacists for at least 1 year. This research was conducted at X Public Health Center Surakarta City in September-October 2021. The design of the system in this study uses the prototype method based on the results of interviews. Interviews were conducted as an evaluation of MIS using the PIECES Framework method involving 4 informants. The license design is made using the context diagram and the flow diagram data (DFD). The results of the evaluation with the PIECES Framework show that the MIS that is applied can provide convenience for users in managing drug supplies even though it has not been optimized and has not met the needs so that the MIS is feasible to be developed. Based on the results of the evaluation, it can be concluded that the application of MIS can help and facilitate pharmacists in carrying out their work by providing accurate and complete data and information as supporting data for the preparation of LPLPO, but it cannot be used to monitor expired date of drug and prepare automatic LPLPO.
Comparative Study of Cycle Threshold RT-PCR SARS Cov-2 between Saliva Specimen and Nasopharyngeal Swab
Authors: Indriana Citraningtyas , Kok Tjie
Published: July 2023

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) is an infectious disease that spreads quickly and attacks respiratory system that can cause death. The main diagnosis of Covid-19 is conducted by nasopharyngeal swab, an invasive method which can in turn increase the risk of transmission from patient to swabber. Hence, there is a need for non-invasive methods development, one of which is using saliva specimen. This study aims to evaluate the potential of using saliva specimen for diagnosis as an alternative of nasopharyngeal swab. The study was conducted on confirmed patients at Hajj Dormitory Embarcation Surabaya. The samples were collected randomly form 35 patients at Hajj Dormitory Embarcation Surabaya and evaluated at Surabaya Regional Health Laboratory. The results showed that there was no significant difference between cycle threshold RT-PCR of nasopharyngeal swab and saliva specimen. The sensitivity and specificity of saliva specimen are 88.2% and 100%, respectively, of nasopharyngeal swab. Hence, saliva specimen has the potential to be used as an non-invasive method for Covid-19 diagnosis.
Pemanfaatan Modal Sosial dalam Proses Pemberdayaan Penyandang Disabilitas oleh Komunitas Disable Motorcycle Indonesia
Authors: Santoso Budhy , Sari Fitria Wulan
Published: July 2023

Disable Motorcycle Indonesia (DMI) merupakan wadah bagi pemotor roda tiga untuk beraktualisasi dan melakukan advokasi hak. Kehadiran komunitas berdampak pada proses pemberdayaan yang terjadi bagi anggotanya. Peluang dan kesempatan untuk beraktualisasi diperoleh para anggota melalui jaringan sosial yang difasilitasi oleh komunitas. Dalam prosesnya, para anggota yang semula kurang berdaya  menjadi berdaya berkat modal sosial yang menjadi fondasi pemberdayaan. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Setelah data terkumpul, data kemudian dianalisis dan disajikan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa proses pemberdayaan DMI dilakukan dengan mengoptimalkan potensi modal sosial yang ada berupa kesamaan nilai, pengalaman dan kepentingan sebagai disabilitas daksa dan pemotor roda tiga. Potensi modal sosial ini kemudian didayagunakan untuk membentuk komunitas secara formal. Pembentukan komunitas ini mempermudah pengorganisasian jaringan sosial yang ada, sehingga modal sosial mampu dimanfaatkan untuk melaksanakan aktivitas komunitas yang berfokus pada pemberdayaan bagi para anggotanya.

Kata kunci: komunitas disabilitas, modal sosial, proses pemberdayaan

 

Abstract

Disable Motorcycle Indonesia (DMI) is a forum for three-wheeled motorcycle users to actualize and advocate rights. The presence of this community has an impact on the empowerment process that occurs among its members. Members obtain opportunities and chances for actualization through social networks facilitated by the community. In the process, from powerless members becoming empowered, social capital becomes a power base used to go beyond the stages in the empowerment process. The research method used is qualitative research. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. After the data is collected, the data is analyzed and presented descriptively. The results of this study indicate that the DMI empowerment process is conducted by optimizing the potential of social capital in the form of shared values, experiences and interests as disabled people and tricycle motorists. This potential of social capital is then utilized to form a formal community. This community facilitates the organization of existing social networks so that social capital can be used to carry out community activities that focus on empowering its members.

Keywords: disability community, social capital, the empowerment process
Kewirausahaan Sosial pada Sentra Budidaya dan Pengolahan Perikanan Air Tawar Si Pujuk Farm untuk Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat
Authors: Yudi Ariski  , Muhtadi  , Tantan Hermansah  , WG Pramita Ratnasari
Published: July 2023

Kesulitan dalam mendapatkan hasil yang maksimal seringkali menjadi permasalahan yang dialami para pembudidaya dalam membudidayakan ikan air tawar. Bertolak dari masalah tersebut, Si Pujuk Farm hadir membawa misi untuk menyejahterakan masyarakat terutama pembudidaya perikanan air tawar berbasis kewirausahaan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pemenuhan keriteria kewirausahan sosial, proses dan hasil pemberdayaan yang dilaksanakan oleh Si Pujuk Farm. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan wawancara, observasi, dan studi pustaka sebagai teknik pengumpulan data. Hasil penelitiannya menunjukkan bahwa Si Pujuk Farm telah memenuhi kelima syarat kewirausahaan sosial. Pada aktivitas pemberdayaan, Si Pujuk Farm melakukannya dengan tiga tahapan, yaitu penyadaran, pengkapasitasan dan pendayaan. Tahapan tersebut telah memberikan dampak signifikan kepada penerima manfaat pada bina manusia, usaha, lingkungan dan kelembagaan. Adapun rekomendasi dari penelitian ini adalah perlunya dukungan pemerintah dan masyarakat untuk keberlanjutan pemberdayaan masyarakat tersebut melalui Si Pujuk Farm.
Eel Oil Attenuates Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Injury Through Inhibition of Oxidative Stress in Rats
Authors: Sasongko Heru , Hidayati Renita Wahyu Nur , Saputro Bayu Anggoro , Mahmud Muhammad Fiqri Zulpadly , Farida Yeni
Published: July 2023

Health practitioners all over the world have studied liver injury caused by drug side effects. Excessive production of free radicals causes cell damage, which has implications for pathological conditions in both humans and animals. Omega-3 fatty acids are a component of fish that can work as hepatoprotective agents. Eel (Anguilla bicolor) is known to contain omega-3 including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). This study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of eel oil on rats via inhibiting oxidative stress. Methods: Acetaminophen-induced male Wistar rats were used as liver injury experimental models. Rats were divided into 5 groups, namely normal control, negative control, positive control (silymarin, 100 mg/kg), and two groups of eel oil dose (2000 mg/kg and 4000 mg/kg). The study was conducted for 14 days. The levels of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, albumin, Malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) levels of the liver organ were measured. The data were analyzed using statistics and analysis of variance. Results: The study showed that eel fish oil can reduce SGPT and total bilirubin levels of male Wistar rats induced by acetaminophen. Eel oil at a dose of 4000 mg/kg could significantly reduce SGPT and liver bilirubin levels in male Wistar rats (p<0.05). Eel oil is effective in reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increasing glutathione (GSH) levels at a dose of 2000 mg/kg. Conclusion: Eel oil has hepatoprotective activity by inhibiting SGPT, total bilirubin, MDA, and increasing GSH levels in rats.
Histórias e memórias da educação brasileira
Authors: Silveira Lima Solyane
Published: July 2023

Esta coletânea é resultado do II Colóquio Internacional do Diretório de Pesquisa Essa obra foi concebida no âmbito do Grupo de Pesquisa História e Memória da Educação Brasileira, o HIMEB, ao longo de quase uma década de atuação junto a estudantes de graduação, pós-graduação, professores e pesquisadores da UFRB e de outras Instituições de Ensino Superior, como UFBA, UFS, PUC-PR, UFJF e UERJ. Aqui nos propomos a discutir e aprofundar temas relacionados à História da Educação, memória, arquivos, cultura material escolar, instituições e práticas educativas, desenvolvidos tanto em âmbito local, como no nacional. Nossa ideia foi organizar uma coletânea que apresente, a um público mais amplo e de maneira democrática, nossa produção acadêmica. Assim, apresentamos esta obra que conta com dezesseis capítulos, dispostos em três seções que dialogam com as linhas de pesquisa do nosso Grupo, são elas: História e Memória da Educação; Sujeitos e Trajetórias Educacionais e Práticas e Instituições Educativas.
Role of Russian Peacekeeping in the Pridnestrovian Settlement Process
Authors: Shevchuk Nina V.
Published: July 2023

The study analyses the current situation of the peacekeeping operation in Pridnestrovie (Transnistria), carried out in conditions of a growing clash of interests between Russia and the West, the militarization of Moldova and its aspirations to join the EU and NATO, as well as the proximity of the security zone controlled by peacekeepers to the region of Russia’s special military operation in Ukraine. The author summarizes the experience of Russia’s peacekeeping activities in the region of the Moldovan-Pridnestrovian conflict, highlights the key features of the Dniester peacekeeping operation and shows its importance for the negotiation process on the Pridnestrovian settlement at the political and diplomatic level. The article provides an overview of the international peacekeeping initiatives in the conflict region, assesses the status of the negotiation process and the related military component of the settlement, identifies the specific features of the peacekeeping format and its control mechanisms, and analyzes the legal status of Russian troops. The author concludes that the peacekeeping operation in Pridnestrovie is still in demand, fully functional and ready for combat. According to the author, in case of withdrawal from the operation of the Republic of Moldova, the Russian military formations stationed in Pridnestrovie may be forced to receive the mandate of a special guarantee military operation to protect the stocks of Russian weapons remaining from Soviet times in the conflict region, to prevent the resumption of armed conflict and to ensure guarantees of peace and security for the population of Pridnestrovie, at least one third of which are citizens of the Russian Federation.
The UN - African Union Partnership on the Women, Peace and Security Agenda: Frameworks, Policies and Strategies
Authors: Bokeriya Svetlana A. , Kiamba Anita
Published: July 2023

A strong partnership between the United Nations (UN) and the African Union (AU) is essential to achieve strategic convergence, coherence and effective solutions to Africa’s complex peace and security challenges. This article analyzes the key challenges in the UN - AU partnership for peacekeeping, including the UN - AU frameworks, policies and strategies in implementing the Women, Peace and Security (WPS) agenda to establish equal, full and constructive participation of women in the peacekeeping process. The authors identify key challenges in the UN - AU partnership for peacekeeping and assess the effectiveness of the mechanisms and tools of this partnership in the field of maintaining peace and security. The implementation of the WPS agenda in Africa in 2003-2022 is discussed in detail. The empirical basis for the research was drawn from the UN peacekeeping website database, official AU documents, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) and United Nations Security Council (UNSC) resolutions, and AU and UN statistics on the gender composition of key UN peacekeeping missions during the period under review. This study employs quantitative methods of assessment and comparative analysis of UN and the AU statistics on women’s participation in African peacekeeping from 2003 to 2022. It focuses on the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) as a case study. The article concludes that there is a direct link between the deteriorating security situation in Africa, the effective implementation of the WPS agenda, and the level of strategic partnership between the UN and the AU.
Book Review: Markakis, J., Schlee, G., & Young, J. (2021). The Nation State: A Wrong Model for the Horn of Africa. Berlin: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften, 184 p.
Authors: Bayeh Endalcachew
Published: July 2023

-
National and Cultural Features Representations of the Concept of “War” in the Russian and Chuvash language Pictures of the World
Authors: Borisova Ludmila V. , Ivanova Alyona M. , Chuyeva Elvira V.
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to a comparative study of the national and cultural features of the representation of the concept of “war” in the Russian and Chuvash pictures of the world. Based on the material of Russian and Chuvash proverbs and sayings selected from lexicographic and folklore sources, a comprehensive comparative analysis of the concept of “war” at the semantic, pragmatic and culturological levels was conducted for the first time, the features of its verbalization were considered. For the first time, the national-cultural features of the representation of the concept of “war” at the cognitive-discursive level are revealed, which determines the relevance of our research. The analysis made it possible to reveal that the concept of “war” is a universal unit included in the spiritual code of the nation, has a dynamic semantic structure and is multidimensional in its content. As a result of a comparative analysis, it was found that the fundamental values of the moral order in the study of the concept of “war” are the same for both peoples. The speech embodiment of this concept in the Russian and Chuvash language pictures of the world is defined as a process that contradicts the human mind.
Semantics of Verbs of Rotation in the Khanty language
Authors: Solovar Valentina N.
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the identification of the national specifics of the representation of rotational movement in the Khanty linguoculture, the analysis of the semantics of verbs of rotation, the possibility of their lexical compatibility on the material of the Western dialects of the Khanty language (Kazym, Shuryshkar, Uralic) and one of the eastern (Surgut) by the types of situations described by them. The purpose of our study is to identify the parameters relevant to the lexical rotation zone. The article uses the method of corpus research: a sample of examples with verbs of rotation is analyzed and the boundaries of their compatibility are determined. The method of field research is used. There is a difference between movement along a trajectory close to an ideal circle (rotation in a circle) and movement along a chaotic trajectory, i.e. rotation of a set of homogeneous objects / gaseous particles (deer, snow vortex, smoke). In this case, the second type of rotation is marked. The subject performs multiple or single rotations around its axis or causates a rotational movement. The key parameter for distinguishing verbs of rotation and skating is animateness. Verbs of rotation around a landmark reflect the way of movement. Verbs of rolling and rotation do not reflect the environment of movement, but may reflect the direction of movement, which is regulated by the special compatibility of the subject and the predicate, or the word-formation capabilities of the predicate. The rolling zone reflects rotation in contact with the plane during translational motion and multidirectional rotation (about natural phenomena and about the movement of deer). The selected parameters and values are not lexicalized into separate verbs, but are combined inside lexemes. One lexeme describes situations of rotation in the same plane with and above the landmark, however, skating on the surface and rotation around the landmark is marked in dialects by separate lexemes.
Bilingualism in the Author’s Translation of the National Epic: on the Material of “Mastorava”
Authors: Sharonov Alexander M. , Sharonova Elena A.
Published: July 2023

In 1994, the Erzya epic “Mastorava” was published in the Erzya language. The success of this work made us think about the need for its translation into Russian. It was decided to entrust the translation to the author of “Mastorava” - Alexander Markovich Sharonov, who is equally fluent in Erzya and Russian. The relevance of the study is determined by the enduring interest in the phenomenon of bilingualism in the author’s translation of the national epic. A bilingual poet translating his own text is in a more difficult situation than a poet translating interlinear. For the former, hearing the music of both languages, seeks to harmonize it, to make its sounding adequate in the spaces of these languages. He is faced with the task of synchronizing the work of figurative and semantic series, preserving the authenticity of Erzya mythological and folklore images, moving them into the space of Russian images and meanings that instantly begin to appear with the first sounds of the Russian word, and arrange everything so that the national retains its uniqueness. This work is given to a bilingual translator with great effort precisely because he hears and feels both languages, he is aware of the nuances of meanings and semantic nuances. While the interlinear translator exists in the sound and semantic spaces of only one language and does not see the details. The translation of the text of a work of art is complicated by its metaphorical figurativeness, which allows for a variety of perceptions, and hence the difficulty in conveying its meaning, assumed by the author. However, high-quality translation moves a work from one language to another language, from one literature to another literature, expanding, enriching and complicating the scope of its existence. Research methods: descriptive, genetic, comparative.
Sun vs Moon in the Mythopoetic Picture of the World of the Udmurt Bilingual Poet Vyacheslav Ar-Sergi
Authors: Panteleeva Evgenia V.
Published: July 2023

The Russian-language creativity of national authors is one of the most relevant topics of modern research. The issue of the preserving their identity in a different language field is complex and is ambiguously covered in the scientific literature. The matter of manifestation of ethno-cultural markers in their Russian creativity is no less important. Based on the questions posed, the aim of the article was to study the imagery (on the material of Russian poetry by the Udmurt writer Vyacheslav Ar-Sergi). The analysis of his creative works is carried out on the examples of the imagines of the Sun and the Moon, which more accurately indicate the uniqueness of the religious and mythological thinking of the ethnos, as well as the level of interpenetration of different literary layers. We have found out that the dominate place is occupied by the imagine of the Sun personifying the Supreme God - Inmar in the Udmurt picture of the world. The Sun is often opposed to the Moon in Udmurt mythology. The comparative analysis has shown that the images of heavenly bodies are differently presented in the Russian-language works of V. Ar-Sergi. We have established that the Sun personifies life, rebirth, and the Moon becomes the embodiment of the mental state of lyrical subjects. Our research confirms that, in his Russian-language poetry, V. Ar-Sergi continues to broadcast intraethnic plots correlated with the narratives of world literature, mythology, culture.
Lateralization of emotion word in the first and second language: Evidence from Turkish-English bilinguals
Authors: Mergen Filiz , Kuruoglu Gulmira
Published: July 2023

As interest in cognitive sciences has grown over the years, language representation in the brain has increasingly become the subject of psycholinguistic studies. In contrast to the relatively clear picture in monolingual language processing, there is still much controversy over bilinguals’ processing of their two languages. The goal of this paper is therefore to provide more evidence on the way emotion words are processed and represented in the brain in late bilinguals. The study seeks to answer three questions: 1. Are positive words processed faster than negative and neutral words in both languages of bilinguals? 2. Is there a difference in the speed in which emotion words are processed in the first (L1) and second language (L2) of bilinguals? 3. How are emotion words represented in the bilingual brain? Participants were late Turkish-English bilinguals (N = 57). We used a visual hemi-field paradigm, in which the stimuli were presented either on the right or left of a computer screen. By pressing the designated keys, the participants performed a lexical decision task in which they determined whether the visually presented L1 and L2 words were real words or non-words. The first result showed that positive words are processed faster than negative and neutral words in both languages of bilinguals, providing further support for the differential processing of emotion words. Second, longer response times were found for L2 as compared to L1. Finally, we found bilateral hemispheric representation for both English and Turkish. These results contribute to the psycholinguistic literature by providing evidence from the relatively understudied language pairs such as English and Turkish.
Tense-aspect constructions in Jish Arabic: Morphological, syntactic, and semantic features
Authors: Habib Sandy
Published: July 2023

This paper aims to examine the present and past tense-aspect constructions in Jish Arabic, an undocumented Arabic variety of Upper Galilee (Israel), and delineate their morphological, syntactic, and semantic features. Nine such constructions are identified, and the structure of each construction is discussed. In addition, using the Natural Semantic Metalanguage approach (NSM), an explication (a definition using simple words) of the meaning of each construction is presented. In discussing the Jish Arabic constructions, a comparison is made with their English counterparts, which are chosen as a familiar point of reference. The comparison with English does not make the explications prone to Anglocentrism, as the explications are built via a simple, universal language. This language ensures their translatability into Jish Arabic and their verification by native Jish Arabic speakers. In addition, it makes their meanings accessible to non-specialists, as the explications can be translated into any language. This study can be seen as a contribution to the field of theoretical linguistics, particularly descriptive linguistics, as it documents the tense-aspect constructions of an undocumented variety. In addition, it can be seen as a contribution to the field of applied linguistics, especially as it compares these constructions to their English counterparts. It is hoped that this paper will stimulate the investigation of tense-aspect constructions in other non-standard Arabic varieties, most of which are undocumented.
Effect of Prolonged Running On the Development of Endurance and Thinking Indicators of Children
Authors: Polevoy Georgiy , Sablin Andrew , Chernishev Stanislav
Published: July 2023

The development of physical qualities in school is relevant. It is at school that the foundation of motor actions is laid. One of the most important qualities is endurance. The study's objectives were to study the indicators of endurance in schoolchildren and the influence of aerobic abilities on children's thinking. It will increase the development of mental processes and aerobic abilities of schoolchildren. The study's design is a pedagogical experiment conducted over 4 months in an ordinary school in Russia. The study involved 120 boys and girls who studied in the 3rd grade. All students were engaged in the usual program, and the children from the experimental group additionally performed a long run during the lesson. The Cooper test assessed aerobic abilities and the children's thinking by "Simple analogies." We used the Student's t-test. Before the study, there were no significant differences between classes in both tests (p>0.05). After the end of the study, the performance of children in the control group improved in the endurance test from 6.8% to 7.2% (p>0.05), and in the experimental group improved on average from 18.9% to 24.9% (p<0.05). The thinking of children from the control group increased by 7.3-8.4% (p>0.05), and in the experimental group, 23.5%-24.8% (p<0.05). Prolonged running in physical education classes at school increases the aerobic abilities of schoolchildren and improves their thought processes.
Estrategias de evaluación de los aprendizajes en laboratorios y giras de campo de la carrera Manejo de Recursos Naturales durante la Covid-19
Authors: Rodríguez Calvo Magaly , Valverde Rojas Idannia
Published: July 2023

Antes de la pandemia provocada por la COVID-19, los laboratorios y giras de campo de las asignaturas de la carrera Manejo de Recursos Naturales (MARENA) se realizaban de forma presencial. Una vez llegada la pandemia, las cátedras de Ciencias Naturales (CN) y Ecología y Educación Ambiental (EEA) de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia diseñaron y aplicaron distintas evaluaciones de los aprendizajes para transformar la presencialidad de los laboratorios y giras de campo hacia una modalidad 100% virtual. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar las formas de evaluación de los aprendizajes aplicadas durante la pandemia COVID-19 (2020- 2021) en actividades que sustituyeron laboratorios y giras de campo presenciales y exponer la relación identificada con un modelo evaluativo innovador, como lo es la evaluación socioformativa.  Se utilizó un modelo cualitativo de investigación compuesto por aspectos descriptivos y por la aplicación del análisis de contenido como método analítico. Se comprende que la evaluación formativa es una opción eficaz para afrontar los desafíos impuestos en el contexto educativo actual que demanda la innovación integral, dinámica y continua de los roles de la persona docente y del estudiantado. Se concluye que el profesorado debe ser facilitador y guía del proceso de evaluación de los aprendizajes. La flexibilidad, reflexión y capacidad de adaptación ante los cambios de un proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje virtualizado, permite obtener en los estudiantes un aprendizaje significativo idealmente fundamentado en una pedagogía integral y que logre establecer objetivos claros, demostrables y factibles de comprobar
A Case Report of Extensive Penile Inflammation
from Dermofat Graft
Authors: Chung Chan Min , Choi Jong Min , Park Myong Chul , Kim Jae Hyun
Published: July 2023

Dermofat grafting is one of the most commonly used procedures for soft tissue augmentation. It requires precise excision of the epidermal layer during harvesting; however, a residual epidermal layer is sometimes observed on the dermofat graft. Here, we describe a case of extensive penile inflammation caused by the residual epidermal layer of a dermofat graft. En bloc excision of the residual epidermal layer of the dermofat graft and Buck’s fascia enabled complete healing without sequelae.