bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heat current in non-Markovian open systems
Authors: Chen Ruofan
Published: March 2023

We generalize time-evolving matrix product operators method to nonequilibrium quantum transport problems. The nonequilibrium current is obtained via numerical differentiation of the generating functional which is represented as a tensor network. The approach is numerically exact and the non-Markovian effects are fully taken into account. In the transport process, a part of the heat that flows out from a bath flows into the system and other baths, and the rest is stored in the system-bath coupling part. We take the spin-boson model as a demonstration to show the details of this heat flowing and the establishment of a steady current between two baths.
Probing dark matter interactions with 21cm observations
Authors: Mosbech Markus R. , Boehm Celine , Wong Yvonne Y.Y.
Published: March 2023

Similarly to warm dark matter which features a cut-off in the matter power spectrum due to
free-streaming, many interacting dark matter models predict a suppression of the matter power
spectrum on small length scales through collisional damping. Forecasts for 21cm line intensity
mapping have shown that an instrument like the SKA will be able to probe a suppression of power in
warm dark matter scenarios in a statistically significant way. Here we investigate the
implications of these findings on interacting dark matter scenarios, particularly dark
matter-neutrino interactions, which we use as an example. Using a suite of cosmological N-body
simulations, we demonstrate that interacting scenarios show a suppression of the non-linear power
spectrum similar to warm dark matter models. This implies that 21cm line intensity mapping will
be able to set the strongest limits yet on dark matter-neutrino scattering, improving the
constraints by two orders of magnitude over current Lyman-α bounds, and by four orders of
magnitude over cosmic microwave background and baryon acoustic oscillations limits. However, to
distinguish between warm dark matter and interacting scenarios, our simulations show that
percent-level precision measurements of the matter power spectrum at redshifts z ≳ 15 are
necessary, as the key features of interacting scenarios are washed out by non-linear evolution at
later times.
Optical recursional binormal optical visco Landau–Lifshitz electromagnetic optical density
Authors: Körpinar Talat , Körpinar Zeliha
Published: March 2023

In this manuscript, we study a new version of the optical recursional binormal microbeam model for a flexible binormal microscale beam in terms of a binormal normalized operator. Also, we give new explanations for the optical recursional visco Landau–Lifshitz binormal electromagnetic binormal microscale beam. Finally, we obtain an optical application for the normalized visco Landau–Lifshitz electromagnetic binormal optimistic density with an optical binormal resonator.
Simple scenario of integrated neutron-proton interaction*
Authors: Yin Xin , Zhao Yumin
Published: March 2023

In this study, we investigate the patterns exhibited by integrated neutron-proton interactions (denoted as

) that exhibit systematic differences among particle-particle, hole-hole, hole-particle, and particle-hole cases. A simple formula of

is proposed to be in approximate linearity with

. This formula yields regular patterns of

that are highly consistent with those previously extracted according to binding energies. The observed ordering of

, i.e.,

of the particle-particle case is the largest,

of the hole-hole case is in-between, and

of the particle-hole and hole-particle cases is the smallest, is explained in terms of the dominant part of

originating from symmetry energy and refinement involving the shell correction in the mass formulas.
Cosmic time evolution and propagator from a Yang–Mills matrix model
Authors: Karczmarek Joanna L , Steinacker Harold C
Published: March 2023

We consider a solution of a IKKT-type matrix model which can be considered as a 1+1-dimensional space-time with Minkowski signature and a Big Bounce (BB)-like singularity. A suitable

i
ε

regularization of the Lorentzian matrix integral is proposed, which leads to the standard

i
ε

-prescription for the effective field theory. In particular, the Feynman propagator is recovered locally for late times. This demonstrates that a causal structure and time evolution can emerge in the matrix model, even on non-trivial geometries. We also consider the propagation of modes through the BB, and observe an interesting correlation between the post-BB and pre-BB sheets, which reflects the structure of the brane in target space.
A consistent quantum field theory from dimensional reduction
Authors: Maiezza Alessio , Carlos Vasquez Juan
Published: March 2023

We incorporate the concept of dimensional reduction at high energies within the perturbative formulation of quantum field theory (QFT). In this new framework, space and momentum integrations are modified by a weighting function incorporating an effective mass energy associated with the dimensional reduction scale. We quantize the theory within canonical formalism. We then show that it can be made finite in perturbation theory, free of renormalon ambiguities, and with better analytic behavior for infinitesimal coupling constant compared to standard QFT. The new approach reproduces the known results at low energies. One key feature of this class of models is that the coupling constant always reaches a fixed point in the ultraviolet (UV) region, making the models UV complete.
Investigation of the cleaning the air flow process from aerosol particles in the electric fields of the corona discharge’s streamer form
Authors: Muzafarov Sh M , Balitsky V E , Togaev B K , Babayev A G , Kilichov O G
Published: March 2023

This article presents the methodology and results of experimental studies of the parameters of the electrode system “Potential plane with corona needles - grounded plane”. The parameters of the electrode system were determined for a distance between the electrodes of 0.15 m. The parameters of the electrode system determined on the basis of these studies were verified on the basis of experimental studies of the process of trapping dust particles from an air stream. The methodology and analysis of the results of these studies are given. Based on these studies, the best ratios of the parameters of the electrode system were determined according to the highest degree of purification of the cleaned air. The difference in the distances between the needles in a row located perpendicular to the flow of the cleaned air and between the rows of needles is determined.
Measuring systems in technologies of automated humidity control
Authors: Kalandarov P , Olimov O
Published: March 2023

This paper examines intelligent humidity sensors (transducers) as a component of an automated process control system that converts a controlled physical quantity into a measured signal for further processing in an automatic device, as well as mathematical models of intelligent support for bulk material moisture meters. It is demonstrated that one method for increasing the efficiency of the functioning of quality meters for various bulk materials is the development of conceptual foundations and their practical implementation in the construction of express devices capable of measuring grain and grain materials. The interaction of intelligent support measuring tools in technologies for automated moisture control in technological processes and control is investigated. The microwave method is recommended for monitoring the moisture content of grain and grain materials, as well as their metrological characteristics.
Influence of the parameters of the impact of electrical impulses on the yield of juice from the pulp
Authors: Eshpulatov N , Khalmuradov T , Rakhimov F , Abdurayimov S , Khurramov A , Ruziyeva U , Normetov T , Maftuna I
Published: March 2023

This article presents the results of experimental studies to determine the effect of electrical impulse processing parameters on the output of juice from the pulp. It is based on the effect of pulse energy and voltage on apple juice. The influence of an electrical impulse on the production of juice before pressing fruit pulps has been studied. It is based on the optimal parameters of the grinding rate of the raw material, which affects the efficiency of processing with electric pulses. An additional large amount of juice was detected after the pulp was treated with electrical impulses. Based on the voltage dependence of the juice obtained from the raw material and the direct interaction of the field with the electrically charged system of the cell protoplasm.
Study on two-step ozone treatment of liquid effluents from livestock farms
Authors: Ibragimov M , Berdishev A S , Tadjibekova I E
Published: March 2023

Wastewater ozonation, for epidemic animal diseases, is an effective method. The disadvantage of this method is relatively high percentage of unreacted ozone (10-40%). This paper proposes a combined method of mixing ozone with liquid effluents: first - barbotage, and at the second stage - injection or mechanical emulsification. It was found that the two-stage treatment increases the mixing efficiency (respectively disinfection) to 88 - 90 %.
Improving automatic control of a solar heating system for increasing its efficiency
Authors: Anarbaev A , Kodirov D , Khushiev S , Izzatillaev J , Makhmudov Yu , Mamadjanov B , Shukuraliev A , Normuminov J
Published: March 2023

The control scheme for the operation of a solar circuit pump with a bypass and photovoltaic batteries during the period of solar insolation is considered. At the same time, optimal modes of functioning are provided by thermal processes in the heat supply system. Are shown results of experimental researches by energy efficiency for developed technical solutions.
Smart system for cavitation cause measurement and control in irrigation pump
Authors: Baratov R J , Chulliyev Ya E , Bon Thomas , Abdullayev M
Published: March 2023

The objective of this study is to develop an effective smart system for cavitation cause measurement and control in pump units. An analysis of the known sources of measurement and control of the cavitation shows that the known methods are based on the measurement of the effects of causing cavitation such as vibration, temperature and pressure changes in the pipeline. The proposed smart cavitation cause measurement and control system is based on converting water- air ratio to the electrical signal by means of capacitance sensor that has very low value. The electrical scheme of low capacitance measurement by means of modern microcontrollers, block diagram and algorithm of smart system for cavitation cause measurement were developed. The complete smart system for cavitation cause measurement and control by means of modern microcontrollers was implemented in hardware and conducted experiments. The theoretically and experimentally obtained capacitance and the water - air ratio relationship is presented. Based on experimental studies, the relative error of the measurement system was determined and its graph is submitted.
Analysis of the double-side power supply for electronic-ion technology devices with pulse voltage
Authors: Muzafarov Sh M , Balitsky V E , Togaev B K , Babayev A , Kilichov O
Published: March 2023

This article provides an analysis of existing high voltage power supply devices for devices of electron-ion technology, in particular devices for cleaning gases from aerosol particles. Advances in this technology are described. The following are the disadvantages of the electric fields of a corona discharge when powered by a constant high voltage. To increase the efficiency of catching aerosol particles, the authors propose to combine self-sustained and non-sustained discharges in one discharge gap. To do this, it is proposed to use unipolar high-voltage pulses with a constant component and pulses with a duty cycle of more than 5. An analysis is made of the possibility of increasing the efficiency of the impact of electric fields when using circuits with two-sided power supply, the analysis of which makes it possible to increase the pulse repetition rate, as well as to regulate the process of the impact of electric fields on processed particles., regulation by the parameter of impulse voltage.
Study on energy balance calculation of the electric network
Authors: Rakhmatov A , Aripov Kh
Published: March 2023

In this article, we developed the power balance of the power grid in the Sulkandariyo region and analyzed the main parameters of the grid in the context of the power grid enterprise in the region. Regional consumer load charts and substation 10, 35, 110 kV loads were investigated. Given the energy balance situation, recommendations for installing new generation capacity in this area have been proposed.
Study on the effective use of solar and hydro energy for powering agriculture and water management
Authors: Kodirov D , Muratov Kh , Davirov A , Normuminov J , Mamadjanov B , Shukuraliyev A , Berdiyorova I , Musayev Sh
Published: March 2023

This article highlights the combined use of solar and hydropower based on a rational combination of traditional and renewable energy sources for powering agriculture and water management. At the same time, a combined integrated power supply system was formed. Provided, the energy is required from renewable sources, it fully provides the consumer, and the excess energy is transferred to the centralized network (N″), if the energy received from the network is less than the energy entering the network, the recommended system is efficient (N′″).
Method for oxidative roasting of sulfide zinc concentrates in an air oxygen stream in fluidized bed furnaces
Authors: Berdiyarov B , Matkarimov S
Published: March 2023

An increase in the oxygen content in the blast to a concentration of 26-28% during the firing of zinc concentrates in the KS furnaces leads to a decrease in the formation of undesirable compounds of ferrites and zinc silicates, increases the degree of desulfurization, and shortens the firing time. At the same time, it becomes possible to load concentrate with high humidity into the furnace, which will save costs for drying the raw materials. Ultimately, it leads to an increase in the complexity of raw materials, increasing the profitability of production and making the products competitive in the world market. The article is considered questions of increased efficiency of processing collective zinc concentrates without their preliminary selective division. Our developments on the processing of collective zinc concentrates are directed to that in the maximum degree to receive sulfates of zinc transferring zinc to the solution. Thermodynamic calculations show that the formation of sulfates most intensively precedes in the range of 1000-1100 °C. It is offered to carry out roasting of a collective concentrate to furnaces of the boiling layer in the gas environment.
Study of regularities of structural-phase transformations during thermocyclic treatment of tool steels
Authors: Norkhudjaev F , Mukhamedov A , Djalolova S , Pardayeva G , Komilova G , Sung Kim Bum
Published: March 2023

Movement of carbon atoms to dislocations reduces the specific volume of the martensite phase, which, in turn, affects the general level of volumetric changes that occur as a result of phase transformations during quenching. The measurements carried out on samples of steel ShX15 showed that the minimum increase in geometric dimensions is observed. Intermediate tempering and re-quenching do not change this pattern. At the same temperature, for this steel grade, the minimum degree of martensite tetragonality was recorded. This study has shown that to obtain a high level of final properties of tool steel, the most optimal is to obtain a substructure with a high level of defectiveness of the crystal structure of steel. It was found that the use of thermal cycling treatment contributes to an increase in the level of defectiveness of the crystal structure. It was also found that the use of aqueous solutions of polymers as a quenching medium makes it possible to obtain a cooling rate less than in oil quenching, which helps to reduce the level of quenching stresses.
Study on reinforced concrete elements of buildings and structures with cracks, reinforced with composite polymer materials
Authors: Sagatov B
Published: March 2023

With the rapid development of modern construction practice around the world, serious problems arise in the application and subsequent operation of reinforced concrete structures. Today, the problem of reconstruction and restoration of buildings and structures requires an urgent solution. The deterioration of the environmental situation threatens the reliability of buildings and structures, a sharp deterioration in their condition is observed in almost all countries and climatic zones. In our case, the trend towards wear is developing due to the imperfection of regulatory documents and the need for proper maintenance of objects. The development of the construction industry and the use of innovative composite polymer materials in construction and the strengthening of existing buildings and structures with modern methods are relevant. Often very rare, expensive, historically significant structures require reliable operation, and their dismantling or replacement is more expensive than repair, or even impossible. Reinforcement of building structures using composite polymer materials (CPM) is by far the most “cautious” measure for their restoration and improvement of performance. In our research, the main attention is paid to the technology of external reinforcement of reinforced concrete beams using CFRP to increase their load-bearing capacity at shear. To reduce material consumption when strengthening the structure, it is more efficient to use CFRP in the form of strips, however, this practice has not been practically studied. Previous researchers have concentrated their attention mainly on external reinforcement, generally ignoring the effect of internal reinforcement. However, it is known that internal and external reinforcement complement each other and the destruction during shearing of reinforced concrete elements is mainly influenced by such factors as steel clamps, longitudinal reinforcement and the ratio of the shear span to the working height of the section. Therefore, in our studies, special attention was paid to considering the influence of these factors on the overall bearing capacity of beams. In addition, the work studied the ability to transfer shear stresses through cracks in reinforced concrete beams reinforced with external reinforcement from CFRP compared to the same unreinforced ones.
Effectiveness of cleaning of sunflower oil with filter material made from composition of organic and inorganic fibers
Authors: Egamberdiev E , Makhkamov A , Rakhimjonov B , Khusanov D , Akmalova G , Mirzakhmedova M , Rahmonberdiev G
Published: March 2023

In this study, the process of purification of sunflower oil per day using a filter material based on cellulose and inorganic fiber basalt fiber obtained from annual plants was studied. Studies have shown that sunflower oil obtained has improved a number of quality indicators. It was observed that the indicators such as transparency, color, acid number of the refined oil improved. Filtration is the process of separating solid particles from a liquid by passing a sufficiently thin and porous (fine-grained) barrier. The liquid passes through the pores, i.e. the capillaries of the filter material, and as the size of the suspended particles is larger than the capillary size, a precipitate forms on the surface of the fabric. Typically, this sediment itself has a major impact on the entire filtration process, as the material accumulates on the surface and serves as a self-filtering material.
Automated control system of drip irrigation and mathematical modeling
Authors: Kalandarov P , Kutlimurotov Zh , Eshchanova G , Mustafakulov A
Published: March 2023

In this article, the theoretical and methodological foundations for the use of an automated control system for drip irrigation of crops are considered. The analyzed system is automated through integration, which allows controlling the entire irrigation process through a control device with controllers, shows the main elements of the drip irrigation system that carry out complete controlling and the procedure for moistening the soil and fertilizing, presents a functional diagram of the automated system for regulating soil moisture, as well as pressure in the pipeline, mathematical modeling of water consumption of crops under drip and combined irrigation is considered, the influencing factors that require regulation, which will ensure the management of plant development are shown. The complexity of the simulated system “Plant-moisture-soil-atmosphere-solar radiation” and its subsystems are explained by a large number of interrelated factors of various nature and requires the construction of numerical schemes, computer simulation using various computer programs.
Obtaining of complex hydrogel fertilizers with moisture-retaining NPK based on local raw materials
Authors: Abduhakimov T , Sherkuziev D , Aripov X
Published: March 2023

This article presents the results of research on the production of fertilizers using water-saving hydrogel on the basis of local raw materials. The reaction of ParPAN raw materials with inorganic and organic acids and in the presence of formalin has been studied. According to the results of research, a new type of hydrogel was synthesized. The degree of swelling of the hydrogel has been found to be related to the amount of formalin and other additives. The composition of the hydrogel composition with mineral fertilizer was developed, its basic physico-chemical characteristics and swelling kinetics were studied. The use of hydrogels as a means of keeping moisture and feed components in arid and low-water agricultural regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan is recommended.
Study on the characteristics of water resources through electrical conductivity: A case study of Uzbekistan
Authors: Gapparov A , Isakova M
Published: March 2023

The article presents an analysis of the characteristics of water based on the electrical conductivity of samples taken from some water sources in the Tashkent region of our republic. By directly measuring the electrical conductivity of water, it is possible to make several conclusions about the presence of inorganic impurities. The conductivity of pure water is extremely low. For example, 18°C (at room temperature) is equal to 0.04*10−6 OM−1 cm−1. The reason for thinking about this is that among the methods used to determine the quality and physical-chemical parameters of water, electrical Conductivity-based methods are extremely sensitive and accurate. Water with high conductivity indicates impurity (rich in various ions).
Intensity of egg laying dynamics by butterflies in the first day of the caterpillar’s life’s period and their relationship with the silkworm selection characteristics
Authors: Khudjamatov S , Nasirillaev B , Rajabov N
Published: March 2023

The research is devoted to the study of the genetic parameters of a less studied trait - the intensity of egg laying on the first day of female silkworm butterflies. Based on genetic experiments conducted in promising lines Line 27 and Line 28, it was found that the variability of this trait is Cv = 15,0-15,3%, and the heritability coefficient h2 = 0,321-0,340. Also, for the first time, a close positive correlation was established between the intensity of egg laying on the first day and the leading reproductive signs. A close positive correlation (rp = 0,432-0,692) was found between the growth rate of caterpillars and their productivity reflected in the yield of cocoons. At the same time, it was found that fast-growing caterpillars are less susceptible to diseases.
Study on protection of forest plants from pests inhabited in the dry part of the Aral Sea
Authors: Khujaev O , Obidjanov D , Mukhsimov N , Nazarova O , Turatbekova A , Tokhtamurodova N
Published: March 2023

34 types of pests were found on haloxylon and other sand-retaining plants planted in the dry area of the Aral Sea. The main dominant species of these pests are large and small haloxylon humpback grasshoppers. When the insecticide Imitrin 20% sus.K. was tested on humpback grasshoppers at 0.05 L/ha distribution patter measurement against 2-3-year-old nymphs of grasshoppers and 0.1 L/ha against 4-5-year-old nymphs: after 3 hours - 89.2-87.4%, 24- 95.1-94.0% after 72 hours - 96.3-95.6% biological efficiency was obtained respectively. This preparation has been recommended to produce at the specified measures and periods.
Biodiagnostic survey of salt soils of the desert zone of Uzbekistan
Authors: Saidova M , Gafurova L , Kodirova D , Shadiyeva N , Ergasheva O
Published: March 2023

The unfavorable climatic conditions of the desert territory are the reason for the reduced biological activity of the studied soils; the highest BA was observed mainly in spring. This is due to the presence of favorable hydrothermal conditions and nutrients for the occurrence of biological processes at this time, in summer there is a slight decrease and by autumn a slight increase in the biological activity of the soil. Also, it was found that the change in the general biological activity of soils depends on the content of humus and nutrients in them, the mechanical composition, the duration of irrigation and the degree of salinity. Thus, the results show that the integral indicator of soil biological activity can be widely used in assessing the response of the region’s soils to external influences, as well as the effectiveness of measures taken to preserve and increase soil fertility.
Correlation between family and range value economic traits in cotton
Authors: Kholmurodova G R , Yuldasheva R A , Barotova A R , Yakubjanova N A , Khakimova M M , Aktamova I A
Published: March 2023

It is stated that interdependence is the main feature of the heredity of quantitative traits of cotton and other agricultural plants. Clearly, the dependence of traits is explained genetically in two ways: pleiotropic effects, in which a change in one gene causes changes in several traits, and gene fusion. In this research, it was aimed at investigating correlation between family and range value economic traits in cotton. For this research, laboratory and field experiments were undertaken towards taking results and doing correlation analysis. According to the research results, it was appropriate to use O-609-610, O-105-108, O-117-120 families and T-482-483/07 T-814-815/07 lines in practical selection. However, it was necessary to continue the research on achieving moderate and strong correlations from the weak level of negative correlation (in this place (-) is considered appropriate). Compared to the convergent hybrids obtained on the basis of the transgressive recombination principle, convergent hybrids obtained by the combined transgressive recombination principle and incomplete recrossings have been found to have relatively high ripening speed, wilt tolerance and fiber quality indicators.
Econometric analysis and forecast of the development of the fruit and vegetable network in the conditions of digitalization of the economy
Authors: Abduvasikov A A , Mengnorov A A , Achilov M U
Published: March 2023

In the article, the dynamics of the development of the fruit and vegetable industry in the republic under the conditions of the digitalization of the economy and the pandemic, the analysis of the statistical indicators of the results achieved in the industry, the specific aspects of the industry and the main directions of the priority development of the fruit and vegetable industry, as well as the issues of the development of the production and export of fruit and vegetable products, are researched. Also, in the article, the gross yield of fruit and vegetable products and the factors that strongly affect it are analyzed and forecasted using the correlation-regression analysis methods of econometric modeling, and practical recommendations and suggestions are given.
Investigating the properties of cotton fabric coating with polyacrylic rubber and using this polyacrylic rubber coated fabric as an alternative to polyethylene bags
Authors: Kawser Md. Nakibul , Rahim Abdur , Emon Jabed Hossen , Bhattacherjee Jinia , Dutta Pranay , Khujaev Otabek , Karimov Sarvarjon
Published: March 2023

Cotton fabric coated with polyacrylic rubber can be used as a replacement for polyethylene bags to avoid plastic pollution. In this research, we have investigated the use of polyacrylic rubber with 100% cotton fabric as a finishing agent where 2% of ammonium chloride was used as a catalyst. A pad-dry-cure technique was applied for the preparation of cotton fabric samples varying 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, and 14% polyacrylic rubber. Tensile strength, tear strength, and bursting strength produced a balanced improvement in properties. After appealing gyro wash on each sample, it is established that the strength of the fabric has decreased slightly. Assessment of these properties has had a good impact on the strength of the fabric making which is a viable substitute for polyethylene bags.
Wastewater treatment using heat-treated defectate and MAP solution
Authors: Azimova D , Salikhanova D , Eshmetov I , Umirov F , Temirov U
Published: March 2023

This article presents the results of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of wastewater from the tailing pond of the Navoi Mining and Metallurgical Combine. Pollutants coming from the processing of ores were determined. The studied effluents had high concentrations of dissolved salts and suspended solids. Laboratory tests were carried out for wastewater treatment using samples of thermally processed defecate and MAP solution. It has been shown that thermal processed defecation and monoammonium phosphate (MAP) solution are effective for wastewater treatment from polluting ions. The consumption of thermally processed defecation was 10 g/l and 25% MAP was 15 ml/l, while the degree of reduction of the elements Ca, Mg, K, Be, AI, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Mo, Pb was 87.82, 90.64, 70.72, 96.35. 92.64, 99.79, 63.69,18.95, 91.12, 98.38, 70.85, 78.56%.
The effect of sowing time and sowing rate on the duration of developmental phases and growth period of rice varieties
Authors: Urazmetov K K , Abdumajitov A A , Meyliyeva N N
Published: March 2023

Today, with the world’s growing population, global climate change, rising temperatures, increasing rainfall in some areas, and contrarily, severe droughts in some areas, it is becoming increasingly difficult to grow abundant and high-quality farming crops. This means that the issue of food security will become more complicated in the future. One of the priorities in solving this problem is to modernize the agricultural sector by using intensive agro-technologies in the cultivation of agricultural products. Due to the fact that the length of the day in the climatic conditions of our country is different, very short and very cold in winter, and very hot and extremely long in summer, paddy is naturally adapted to spring planting and ripening in autumn (to make offspring). In the second half of April, when rice planting begins, the length of the day is around 13,5 hours, with the longest day being 15,1 hours on June 20-22 and 12,5 hours in mid-September when rice is harvested.
Assessment of drought stress impact on winter wheat using landsat 8 images: comparison of field data and vegetation indices
Authors: Usmanov R , Madaminov R , Jumaniyazov F , Abdurakhimov U , Bakhodirov Z , Sobirov E , Sagdiev M T
Published: March 2023

In recent years, the use of remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS) in observing changes in crop development phases and assessing the impact of various stress factors has been developing around the world. Vegetation indices developed by scientists in the field are widely used in the observation and monitoring of crop conditions, stages of development, biomass and productivity, as well as stress conditions related to water and nutrients. The spectral reflectance characteristics of crops vary under different drought stress conditions. In this article the effect of water shortage on the growth and development of winter wheat is analyzed using satellite data. Within the framework of the research transpiration intensity, water deficiency and water-holding capacity of leaves of winter wheat were studied in climatic conditions of Khorezm region, Uzbekistan.
Evaluation the effect of different doses of mineral fertilizers on the height growth of forest seedlings: A case study of Chatkal ridge
Authors: Mamutov B
Published: March 2023

This article describes the effects of different mineral fertilizer doses on the growth and development of seedlings of four forest-forming species grown with a closed root system on the western and southern slopes of the Chatkal ridge. The results show that different fertilizer doses have various effects on different types of seedlings. The effect of fertilizers on improving the growth of forest crops in the first year was not fully manifested, since growth buds were laid a year before fertilization against a natural background of growth conditions. Plants that had received more nutrients the year before grew the year ahead after fertilization, and a beneficial effect became apparent. The rate of fertilizer N90P90 K60 was more effective on pine growth on the western slope, while N120P180K60 showed high results on the southern. Oak on both slopes was better affected by a lower dose of fertilizer, hawthorn on both slopes by higher doses, and both doses had roughly the same effect on an apple tree. Therefore, for the apple trees, it can be recommended, as for oak, the depositing of a smaller dose due to the lower cost.
Theoretical study of the effect of improving cleaning efficiency and fiber quality from a double-drum fiber cleaner
Authors: Egamberdiev F , Jumaniyazov K , Abbazov I , Yodgorova H
Published: March 2023

This paper studies the effect of the arrangement of saw cylinders in a double-drum fiber cleaner in a checkerboard pattern on the cleaning efficiency and fiber quality. That is, as a result of the experimental work on the manufacture of a double-drum fiber cleaner, the distance between the saw axes in the saw cylinder of the cleaner is 7 mm, and the saw axes in the second saw cylinder are in line with the saw axis in the first saw cylinder, so the fiber cleaned from the first saw cylinder completely blocked by saws in the second cylinder. It has been studied that the fibers not processed by the second saw cylinder are added to the total purified fiber in the transit state after the first saw cylinder, which causes a decrease in the quality of the resulting fiber. The arrangement of the axes of the saws in the first saw cylinder and in the second saw cylinder in one line is based on the fact that the process of cutting and combing the fiber in the second saw cylinder is reduced and the cleaning efficiency of the cleaner is reduced. In order to drastically reduce the transit state of the part of the fiber peeled from the first saw cylinder, in order to ensure its transfer to the second saw cylinder, as well as for efficient cutting and carding of the fiber in the second saw cylinder, the distance between the axes of the saws in the second saw cylinder is 2-4 mm compared with the distance between the axes of the saws in the first saw cylinder was changed to mm and studied.
Creation of goods with high fiber quality from the selection of varieties belonging to G.Hirsutum L. species
Authors: Kholmurodova G R , Mirkhomidova N A , Yuldasheva R A , Nazarova M B , Barotova A R , Aktamova I A
Published: March 2023

One of the important problems in cotton breeding is the creation of high-yielding, fast-maturing varieties with high fiber yield and quality and their wide use in production. In the world, the cotton plant occupies a key place in the world textile industry. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of these methods in creating genetically enriched selection materials based on a comparative study of the heredity, variability and formation of economic traits in cotton hybrids created by different methods of convergent hybridization. The analysis of the homogeneity index showed that the character index of convergent families based on the principle of transgressive recombination ranged from 86.7 % (O-329/30) to 88.3% (O-32/35). In families O-85/90 and O-325/26, it was 87.4% and 87.95%, respectively.
Adaptation of phlegfix simmental cattle to the mountainous climate and formation of breeding and production potential in Uzbekistan
Authors: Shakirov Q , Shokirov A , Sharapatov T
Published: March 2023

Today in Uzbekistan it is important to strengthen the breeding base of cattle, increase the fertility and productivity of cattle. One of the main methods is purebred breeding breeds and crossbreeding with regionalized cattle breeds. Fertilization of Holstein breeds in hot climates, the formation of productive genetic potential of cattle of different genotypes, and the interaction of genotype-environment have not been sufficiently studied. Group I received 20% bloody holstin and 80% bloody simmental cattle obtained by crossing Simmantal cattle with red-and-Holstein breed. In groups II and III purebred phlegfix simmental-red-ola simmental cattle were selected. The cattle in this experiment were cared for in the storage and feeding conditions of the farm in the mountains.
Investigation of local resistance and air velocity in narrowing pipes for the transport of fibrous materials
Authors: Abbazov I , Usmankulov A , Sharopov B
Published: March 2023

In the world, one of the main tasks is to improve the quality of cotton and products from it, the introduction of energy and resource-saving technologies and technical means at enterprises, which make it possible to reduce their cost. In the priorities of the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated January 28, 2022 No. PF-60 “New Development Strategy of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2022-2026”, the third priority area called “Advanced development of the national economy and ensuring high growth rates” clarifies the inclusion of a number of tasks in the state program. Air pipes are used in most stages of the primary cotton processing process. In this direction, a scientific base is being created to improve the efficiency of the process of transporting fibrous materials by air, special attention is paid to improving product quality and reducing costs through the creation of automated pneumatic transport systems, and the widespread introduction of modern pneumatic equipment and technology into production is accelerating. Although many studies have been done on the loss of fibrous products during the air transport of cotton and cotton products, some fibrous material is released into the atmosphere. To prevent this, it is necessary to determine the aerodynamic resistances that form in the areas of the changed surface of pneumatic transport pipes, and develop recommendations for their reduction. In this article, based on the results of theoretical and practical studies, local resistances are determined in the zones of narrowing of air pipelines of pneumatic transport, and the change in air speed is presented in graphical form.
Trial results for the production of the improved 5LP linter
Authors: Norboyev U , Sulaymonov R , Sharopov B
Published: March 2023

A pilot-industrial copy of an improved mixer has been developed to implement an effective process of seed raising. The manufactured pilot copy was installed on the 5LP linter in the cotton spinning workshop of the cotton spinning enterprise SANGZOR TEKSTIL LLC, Dostlik district, Jizzakh region, and the linter was improved, comparative research work was carried out with the 5LP linter with a simple construction mixer in the workshop. The studies were carried out at a distance of 8-12 mm between the saw cylinder and the mixer, selected on the basis of theoretical and practical results. During the experimental period, the quality of seeds obtained from the lint of seeds of the Bukhoro-6 variety of selection I improved by an average of 0.37 (abs)% to 0.85 (abs)%, and the quality of down improved by 0.62 (abs) % to 0.78 (abs.)%. Improving the quality of down one class higher, UzDST 645:2016 “Cotton lint. Technical conditions” type I corresponded to type B “Middle” class. Linter performance averaged 47 kg/h to 35 kg/h of seed and 2.8 kg/h to 3.4 kg/h of fluff compared to the existing 5LP linter. The quality of seeds obtained by linting seeds of the III variety of Bukhara-6 selection in the proposed 5LP linter by an average of 0.46 (abs)% to 0.38 (abs)%, the quality of fluff by 0.37 (abs)% improved by 0.25 (abs) %. Produced down is a class higher, UzDst 645:2016 “Cotton lint. Technical conditions”, type II type B was the “Middle” class. It was found that the productivity of the linter is 46-49 kg/h higher for seeds and 3.1-4.0 kg/h for linter than that of the 5LP linter with a simple mixer design. As a result of research work using an improved mixer in a 5LP linter working chamber, installing 6 mm thick rubber on metal sheets in the mixer, while pushing rubber from metal sheets to a distance of 6 mm, so as not to adversely affect the amount of oil extracted from seeds when lintering technical seeds, the distance between the rubber sheets and the saw cylinder was determined to be set at 8-10 mm, and when linting seeds, 12 mm should be left so as not to exceed the specified rate.
Effects of soil salt-leaching terms on growth, development and yield of corn in Uzbekistan
Authors: Toshpulatov Ch , Tukhtashev B , Charshanbiev U , Mavlonov B
Published: March 2023

The issue of growing field crops in saline soils and increasing their resistance to salt remains a topical issue in terms of land reclamation. In saline soils, it is important to increase the resistance of field crops to salinity on the basis of the use of advanced technologies, as well as to pay special attention to soil reclamation. The study shows that the salinity of the soils of the planned area, the lack of saline leaching and the presence of a seasonal salt accumulation process, the problem is solved from a scientific point of view, as well as its complexity. Proper timing of saline leaching is an important reclamation measure in eliminating the negative effects of salt accumulation in saline soils. When washing the soil brine in October-November, a complete leaching of the salt was achieved, resulting in a 17.6% higher biomass than the unsalted variant of the salt. The optimal irrigation rate for corn is determined by soil moisture. The number of irrigations for the biomass was set to 5 times during the growing season. At this irrigation rate, the soil moisture did not fall below 75-80% of the limited field moisture capacity (LFMC) until the oats sprouted. During the growing season, the first watering was started when the plant produced 5-6 leaves.
Parasitic entomophages against plant lice in vegetable agrobioticenose
Authors: Rustamov A A , Kimsanbaev H K
Published: March 2023

The negative impact of pests on world agriculture is estimated at 1.4 trillion dollars, which is 5% of the global gross domestic product. In order to save the crops lost due to agricultural pests in the world, it is of urgent importance to develop effective and fundamentally based control measures against them. In this research, the main studied pests were Aphis craccovora Koch; Aphis gossypii Glow; Brevicoryne brassicae, Lysiphlebus fabarum Marsch, which is parasitic entomophages of Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae and sucking pests. It was found that the parasitic worm Aphis gossypii infects plant juices was on average 79.6 + 0.03. The parasite developed in this type of plant aphids lived for 7.1+0.02 days, the sex ratio was 1:5 (♂:♀). When the mummified and swollen plant aphids were examined due to infection with the parasite, it was found that the degree of damage to the host’s offspring was 67.2%.
Effect of baikal em-1 microbiological fertilizer on growth and development of cotton
Authors: Rakhimova G Kh , Niyazaliev B I , Asatova S S , Bekmuratov S A
Published: March 2023

Level of soil salinity and water scarcity increases from year to year, it is necessary to increase the immune system of crops against diseases, pests and stressors, stable, high even in any unfavorable conditions. In the field experiment, 60-70% of the annual rate of phosphorus fertilizers, 50% of potassium was applied before autumn plowing, the rest of the rates of phosphorus fertilizers were applied together with nitrogen fertilizers during the flowering period, and potassium fertilizer was applied during the tillering period. The results showed that Baikal EM-1 (without mineral fertilizers) was sprinkled before plowing, before sowing seeds, on 3-4 true leaves, during pruning, flowering (10+10+3.0+3.5+3.5 l/ha) in the 8 variant, compared to the control variant (variant 1), the number of bolls decreased by 0.4 units, and the opening of bolls was around 30.0%.
Investigation of air velocity in expanding and contracting pipes for the transport of fibrous materials
Authors: Abbazov I , Khodjiev M , Salimov A , Egamberdiyev F
Published: March 2023

Uzbekistan is implementing comprehensive measures to produce a wide range of high-quality and inexpensive textile and light industry products based on the production and deep processing of cotton fiber, which is the main textile raw material, to prevent waste and increase its competitiveness. This article, to a certain extent, serves to implement the tasks specified in the Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers dated November 25, 2018 No. 53 “On additional measures to organize the activities of cotton and textile industries and clusters” and other regulatory and legal documents related to this activity. The science of cotton transport by pneumatic transport has a long history, and with an air flow speed of more than 28 m/s, cotton is distributed more evenly over the pipe section. In it, the transportation process is carried out mainly in the suspended state of the material. With a decrease in the air flow velocity from 25.0 m/s, an analysis of the literature on the uneven distribution of material over the pipe section was carried out. It has been practically proven that an increase in the expansion angle in expanding or contracting pipes depends on air resistance, and the expansion or contraction angle depends on the speed of air movement at the point of expansion or contraction of the pipe. Therefore, the optimal value of the angle of expansion or contraction of expanding or contracting pipes was determined.
Cultivation of the Saksaul (Haloxylon aphyllum Minkw.) seedlings in the plant nurseries of the Aral Sea region
Authors: Novitskiy Z , Hamzayev A , Bakirov N , Kurbanov G , Atadjanova G
Published: March 2023

The drained bottom of the Aral Sea is a planetary problem, as millions of tons of harmful salts, dust and sand are removed from it, which settle on plants and have damaged ecosystems and biodiversity of the Aral Sea region. Methods and technologies have been developed for forest reclamation of the drained bottom, but for their practical implementation, seeds for sowing and planting material for planting are needed, which will fix the drained bottom and prevent the removal of salt, dust, and sand. The air will be cleaner also decrease sickness. But to fix the drained bottom, it is necessary to have standard planting material, which is not enough in the nurseries of this region. Growing seedlings according to the old technology without using innovative methods does not allow obtaining standard planting material in the required quantity. In our experiment, we practiced a universal liquid organic mineral fertilizer produced in Slovakia “Rokohumin”. Treatment of seedlings at the nursery of Takhtakupyrskiy forestry with rokohumin allowed increasing the total yield of seedlings of Haloxylon aphyllum (Minkw.) at the end of the growing season by 27%, Ceratoideslatens J.F. (Gmel) by 16.4%, Salsola orientalis S.G.Gmel. by 16.2% and Salsola arbuskula Pall. by 11.4%. At the same time, the yield of standard seedlings increased in Haloxylon aphyllum (Minkw.) by 12.7%, Ceratoideslatens J.F. (Gmel) by 14.2%, Salsola orientalis S.G.Gmel. by 17.6% and Salsola arbuskula Pall. by 9.0%.