bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Linguistic worldview and Cultural intelligence: Azerbaijani person with a migrant background in Germany
Authors:   Azerbaijan University of Languages, Sobor Aida Burzu
Published: March 2022

The study was carried out in a new relevant linguistic paradigm — migration linguistics. The study of the interaction of Azerbaijanian and German, including multilingualism, language contacts and their linguistic consequences has taken into account cultural data. The description of the language situation is inclusive, i.e. the linguistic and cultural situation is described from the perspective of a migrant. Although the the main point of this study is to do research on the case from linguistics perspectives, the tendency related to the young adults of Azerbaijani migrant families who experienced both positive and negative apsects of second language acquisition was also thorouhgly analyzed. In this study, the method of secondary data analysis was used in order to determine the challenges that young adults encounter and benefits while learning second language including the German language as an example. The data which was obtained on the Internet shows that young adults’ linguistic perception was influenced by a wide range of factors including psychological, cultural, and family related issues which are directly connected to foreign language learning too.
E. Zamyatin and A. Platonov as critics of the Soviet regime
Authors:   Moscow Polytechnic University, Davydova Tatiana T. , Kulikova Еlena V. ,   Kosygin Russian State University
Published: March 2022

This article analyses the influence of Soviet on the destinies and works of Yevgeny Zamyatin and Andrei Platonov. There were hardly any literary contacts between them, but there is an ideological kinship. Both were critical of the death penalty actually used by the Bolsheviks, of the emergence of the Soviet Party elite in the USSR, of the plight of workers during the Civil War, and of the possibility of utopian social and political projects. Zamyatin and Platonov were persecuted by the Soviet authorities, the leaders of the All-Russian Writers’ Union and the Rappian critics. The writers analyses in detail Zamyatin’s journalistic articles, including Lenin's implicit image, as well as the genesis of some plot motifs, ideas, characters of the anti-utopian novel “We” (1920). The authors delves into Platonov’s literary criticism and examines the comparative typological similarities between Zamyatin’s journalism of the late 1910–20s and Platonov’s “The Innermost Man”, “Chevengur” and “Happy Moscow”.
Children’s literature and the reader-child in modern Ukraine
Authors:   Fedkovich Chernivtsi National University, Tychinina Alyona R. , Namestiuk Svetlana V. ,   Bukovinian State Medical University
Published: March 2022

The specificity of children’s literature is been analyzed through the method of perception survey. The features of children’s literature were emphasized with their obligatory orientation to the addressee. The type of child-reader perception is different from an adult perception. The term “perception survey” refers to the result of recording readers’ reactions by answering questions about literary orientation, which allows establishing the characteristics of perception, impression or influence of a particular literary work / phenomenon / writer on perceptual consciousness. The perception survey is been tested as an experimental practical fragment of modern perceptive poetics, which allows considering the age dynamics of the perceptual factor. The perception survey allows the recipient children to identify frankly their tastes, preferences, and specifics of perception of literature. Finally, the questionnaire is a dialogical (question / answer), dynamic and intensive process. The survey is been based on a group, onymous (with an indication of the person) questionnaire, mainly based on 5–6 grades (10–12 years) of Chernivtsi secondary school (350 questionnaires, see: Appendices). The survey was conducted during world literature lessons through specific questions and with the use of content analysis. This allowed testing some scientific hypotheses about children’s perception of literature, establishing the state of reading of modern children, identifying the quality of reading texts, and finding “readable” authors. In addition, the survey shows which specific literary characters and works are preferred in juvenile perception.
O "A Acumulação do Capital de Rosa Luxemburgo" e a sua teoria da reprodução do capital social total
Authors: Martins Matheus Fernando Moreira Dias Sadde
Published: March 2022

Já no Prefácio do A Acumulação do Capital: Contribuição ao Estudo Econômico do Imperialismo (1913), Rosa Luxemburgo nos apresenta a justificativa e a motivação que a conduziu à pesquisa e à realização desta obra que é considerada como a sua principal contribuição para a Crítica da Economia Política. Uma obra que traz uma reflexão crítica acerca do método de Marx na elaboração desta Crítica e que, ao mesmo tempo, procura trabalhar uma questão teórica assimilada como uma lacuna na teoria deste mesmo autor. O objetivo deste artigo é o de se apropriar desta ligação como o caminho que pode viabilizar um entendimento geral do significado da teoria desenvolvida por Luxemburgo. Parte-se da compreensão de que a investigação da conexão existente entre a reflexão metodológica que a autora busca demonstrar quando evidencia as limitações e as vantagens dos Esquemas de Reprodução simples e ampliada presentes no volume II de O Capital e a questão teórica que ficou conhecida como a “questão dos mercados” ou o “problema da realização” é o elemento que nos fornece a síntese nuclear da teoria da reprodução do capital social total de Rosa Luxemburgo.
The Effectiveness of Using Revised Bloom's Taxonomy-Oriented Learning Activities to Improve Students’ Metacognitive Abilities
Authors: Sudirtha I Gede , Widiana I Wayan , Adijaya Made Aryawan
Published: March 2022

Learning activities carried out in schools today lack innovative and varied approaches. There are few learning activities that can help develop students' meta cognitive abilities. Meta cognitive abilities are important for students to realize their weaknesses and strengths in studying and utilizing learning materials. This study analyses the effectiveness of developing revised Bloom's taxonomy-oriented learning activities to improve students' meta cognitive abilities. A quasi-experiment was used as the research design, in the form of a posttest which allowed control over the design. The subjects of this survey were all fourth graders, consisting of 132 students. The random sampling method was used to select 44 students. The data collection method used was via a test. The testing instrument used was a 10-item descriptive test. The methods and techniques of data analysis used were inferential statistical analyses. The data analysis used an independent sample t-test using SPSS. The independent sample t-test result showed 0.00 < 0.05. This meant that the development of learning activities based on Bloom's revised classification method was effective for improving students' meta cognitive skills.
TRANSPARÊNCIA DIGITAL NO ÂMBITO DA JUSTIÇA ELEITORAL: Uma análise do tribunal regional eleitoral do Tocantins
Authors: Brito Denilson Mariano de , Cançado Airton Cardoso
Published: March 2022

O arcabouço da Justiça Eleitoral está firmado na Constituição Federal e na Lei de Acesso à Informação (LAI). Deste modo, o trabalho questiona se o Portal da Transparência (PT) da Justiça Eleitoral tocantinense apresenta transparência nas informações que ficam à disposição do cidadão e se é de fácil compreensão o conteúdo da informação pesquisada pelo usuário. O trabalho utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. A coleta de dados foi baseada nos resultados do questionário aplicado pelo CNJ. A escolha pelo método da Análise de Conteúdo se deu pela própria natureza interpretativa deste trabalho. Os resultados demonstram que a política de visibilidade implantada pelo TRE-TO tem se mostrado eficaz e eficiente, porém, ainda há possíveis aprimoramentos.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Justiça Eleitoral; Lei de Acesso à Informação; Transparência; Portal da Transparência.
NYAH! FANFICTION E AS TRANSFORMAÇÕES DO AMOR
Authors: Santos André Luís dos , Drigo Maria Ogécia
Published: March 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivos explicitar como o amor se atualiza em romances produzidos pelos fãs do Nyah! FanFiction, bem como avaliar se tal comunidade configura-se como uma Comunidade de Inquirição. Apresentamos reflexões sobre o conceito de Comunidade de Inquirição, proposto por Peirce e sobre as transformações da intimidade na contemporaneidade, com Giddens, as quais também permeiam a análise de um romance via análise de conteúdo, conforme Bardin. O romance analisado amalgama especificidades do amor apaixonado, romântico e puro, e devido à interação empreendida na comunidade, os fãs podem ressignificar suas crenças relativas ao amor.
AS REDES SOCIAIS ON-LINE E A ORALIDADE COMO TRILHAS DE COMUNICAÇÃO PARA A PRODUÇÃO E REPRODUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO
Authors: Carvalho Pires Bruno Ricardo , Moraes Nelson Russo de
Published: March 2022

O presente artigo contextualiza teoricamente a oralidade e as redes sociais on-line junto à produção e reprodução de conhecimento tradicional de comunidades tradicionais. Permeou-se fundamentalmente, abordagens históricas pelas áreas antropológica e sociológica para descrever os aspectos comunicacionais em questão, o que permite horizontalmente apresentar uma  discussão sobre a relevância da preservação da cultura das comunidades tradicionais.   Neste sentido, faz-se considerações sobre o nivel de importância da oralidade e das redes sociais on-line na realidade comunitária. O conteúdo ora apresentado foi extraído dos resultadas de pesquisa de nível de mestrado do Curso de Comunicação e Sociedade (PPGCOM/UFT) do ano 2020.
Targeting the COP9 signalosome for cancer therapy
Authors: Du Wenqi , Zhang Ruicheng , Muhammad Bilal , Pei Dongsheng
Published: March 2022

The COP9 signalosome (CSN) is a highly conserved protein complex composed of 8 subunits (CSN1 to CSN8). The individual subunits of the CSN play essential roles in cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, cell cycle regulation, DNA damage repair, angiogenesis, and microenvironmental homeostasis. The CSN complex has an intrinsic metalloprotease that removes the ubiquitin-like activator NEDD8 from cullin-RING ligases (CRLs). Binding of neddylated CRLs to CSN is sensed by CSN4 and communicated to CSN5 with the assistance of CSN6, thus leading to the activation of deneddylase. Therefore, CSN is a crucial regulator at the intersection between neddylation and ubiquitination in cancer progression. Here, we summarize current understanding of the roles of individual CSN subunits in cancer progression. Furthermore, we explain how the CSN affects tumorigenesis through regulating transcription factors and the cell cycle. Finally, we discuss individual CSN subunits as potential therapeutic targets to provide new directions and strategies for cancer therapy.
SATCOM, The Future UAV Communication Link
Authors: Barua Nick
Published: March 2022

Unmanned Aerial vehicles (UAVs) can transmit critical Intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance data right from drones when operators need real-time access to information and find it hard to wait for the return of aircraft. Artificial satellites are applied in offering communication links between different points on earth. Satellite communication can be helpful in telecommunication systems globally. SATCOM is the data and voice service that allows aircraft to communicate using satellite using air traffic control and airline operations centers at high-frequency stations and when covering the conventional ground radar. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Satcom are applied in different aspects of real-life applications like traffic monitoring, play load delivery, surveillance, and seemingly dangerous areas. They can go where one cannot go and experience experiences that were never seen before. UAV Satcom is used when transmitting the ISR, Intelligence, and reconnaissance data right from drones, especially in situations in which the decision-makers need near real-time. All current signs show the exciting and bright future for using unmanned aerial vehicle Satcom technology. The future generations are projected to feature enhanced autonomy and improve safety standards. SATCOM can be the future communication link for UAVs. SATCOM is being used increasingly in surveys in the aftermath of any disaster.
Tilted Implants and Sinus Floor Elevation Techniques Compared in Posterior Edentulous Maxilla: Retrospective Clinical Study of Four Years Follow-up
Authors: Felice Gherlone Enrico , Bianca D’Orto , Matteo Nagni , Paolo Capparè , Vinci Raffaele
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate implants survival rate, marginal bone loss, surgical and prosthetic complications of implants placed through sinus floor elevation and tilted implants en-gaged in basal bone in order to bypass maxillary sinus. 60 patients were enrolled for this study. According with residual bone height of posterior maxilla the sample was divided in three groups of 20 patients: Group A (lateral sinus floor elevation), Group B (transrectal sinus floor elevation) and Group C (tilted implants employed to bypass sinus floor). Follow-up visits were performed one week after surgery, at 3, 6 months and then once a year for next 4 years. The outcomes were implants survival rate, marginal bone loss and surgical and prosthetic complications. Although the Group A, B and C have demonstrated an implants survival rate of 83.3%, 86,7% and 98,3% respectively, the statistically analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference between groups. Statistically significant differences between the groups were also not found con-cerning marginal bone loss, as recorded by intra-oral X-ray measurements during follow-up. About complications it wasn’t possible to perform a statistical analysis. To as to reduce potential surgical risks implants placement in basal bone should be preferred.
KOMPONEN INTEGRASI FISIK PADA KAMPUNG WISATA SOSROMENDURAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Rivandi Pascal , Putri Rufia Andisetyana , Rahayu Murtanti Jani
Published: March 2022

Untuk mencapai strategi pariwisata yang semakin baik, model pengembangan pariwisata yang ideal terus dikembangkan. Pada proses ini, integrasi pariwisata muncul sebagai paradigma baru. Kota Yogyakarta sebagai daerah tujuan wisata berusaha merespon adanya pergeseran minat wisatawan terhadap apresiasi budaya dan masyarakat lokal melalui pengembangan kampung wisata. Kampung Wisata Sosromenduran hadir sebagai kampung wisata rintisan dengan keberagaman daya tarik dan dukungan beragam fasilitas. Sebagai sebuah kampung wisata yang merupakan bauran antar komponennya, Kampung Wisata Sosromenduran dengan beragam potensi berupaya menjadi produk wisata yang utuh. Artikel ini berupaya melihat kesesuaian Kampung Wisata Sosromenduran ditinjau dari komponen integrasi fisik. Komponen integrasi fisik dipilih karena sesuai dengan karakteristik Kampung Wisata Sosromenduran yang memiliki beragam atraksi dalam satu kampung dan didukung kelengkapan fasilitas. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Kampung Wisata Sosromenduran tergolong sesuai ditinjau dari komponen integrasi fisik, baik dalam komponen daya tarik dan komponen pendukung. Kampung Wisata Sosromenduran telah mempunyai keberagaman atraksi yang ditawarkan dalam satu kesatuan wilayah kampung, serta mampu menyediakan sarana yang lengkap dan menjangkau seluruh kawasan, juga penyediaan jaringan prasarana, serta aksesibilitas yang mendukung kegiatan pariwisata. Kampung Wisata Sosromenduran telah membentuk bauran unsur fisik ke dalam satu destinasi wisata pada suatu wilayah geografis yang meliputi daya tarik dengan komponen pendukungnya.
PENGGUNAAN LIMBAH GYPSUM DAN SERBUK KACA UNTUK MEMPERKECIL POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN TANAH EKSPANSIF
Authors: Prabowo Gumilang Pambudi , Nurhidayati Aryanti , Sukatiman Sukatiman
Published: March 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hasil penambahan limbah gypsum dan
limbah kaca terhadap stabilisasi tanah ditinjau dari potensi pengembangan (swelling potential) dan
mengetahui persentase optimal penggunaan limbah gypsum dan limbah kaca pada nilai pengembangan
tanah ekspansif untuk menghasilkan potensi pengembangan minimum. Pada penelitian ini
menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan mengukur hasil perlakuan pada sampel penelitian
dilaboratorium. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tanah yang berasal dari Soko,
Ngawi dengan variasi penambahan limbah gypsum dan serbuk kaca pada variasi 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%
dan 10% dari berat tanah yang dijadikan sampel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa nilai
pengembangan tanah (swelling) pada tanah asli sebesar 6,57% setelah dilakukan stabilisasi
menggunakan limbah gypsum dan limbah kaca tereduksi menjadi 2,96% dan stabilisasi menggunakan
limbah gypsum dan limbah kaca didapatkan variasi 10% limbah gypsum dan 4% limbah kaca untuk
mendapatkan nilai pengembangan tanah (swelling) minimum.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KACA SEBAGAI PENGGANTI SEBAGIAN VOLUME PASIR DAN FLY ASH 20% SEBAGAI BAHAN PENGGANTI SEMEN DITINJAU DARI KUAT TEKAN DAN BERAT JENIS BETON DALAM LINGKUNGAN AGRESI SULFAT 5%
Authors: Taufiq Lilo Adi Sucipto Muharram Wijaya Kusuma, Ernawati Sri Sunarsih,
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui : (1) pengaruh variasi penggunaan limbah kaca sebagai pengganti pasir dan fly ash 20% sebagai bahan pengganti semen terhadap kuat tekan dan berat jenis beton pada lingkungan agresi sulfat 5%. (2) persentase penggunaan limbah kaca sebagai pengganti pasir yang optimal dan fly ash 20% sebagai bahan pengganti semen terhadap ketahanan beton dalam agresi sulfat 5% agar diperoleh kuat tekan beton maksimal dan diperoleh berat jenis beton yang  normal. (3) ketahanan beton dengan bahan serbuk kaca sebagai pengganti pasir dan fly ash 20% sebagai pengganti sebagian semen dibandingkan dengan beton normal. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan mengukur hasil perlakuan pada sampel penelitian di Laboratorium. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah silinder berdiameter 150 mm dengan tinggi 300 mm sebanyak 48 buah sebagai benda uji kuat tekan dan 48 buah sebagai benda uji berat jenis. Variasi serbuk kaca dimulai dari beton normal 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% dan 40%. Pengujian kuat tekan menggunakan dasar SNI 1974:2011 dan berat jenis beton berdasarkan SNI 7656 – 2012. Masing-masing variasi berjumlah 4 buah sampel.  Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi dengan bantuan aplikasi SPSS 21.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa : (1)Penggunaan limbah kaca sebagai pengganti pasir  dan fly ash 20% sebagai bahan pengganti semen berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kuat tekan pada lingkungan agresi sulfat 5% dengan pengaruh dari serbuk kaca sebesar 73% dan berpengaruh negatif secara signifikan menurunkan berat jenis dengan besar pengaruh dari serbuk kaca sebesar 22,9%. (2)Persentase penggunaan limbah kaca sebagai pengganti pengganti pasir memiliki nilai optimal penambahan sebesar 18,44% terhadap ketahanan beton dalam agresi sulfat dan diperoleh kuat tekan beton maksimal sebesar 21,07MPa sedangkan pada hasil uji berat jenis beton didapatkan hasil yang  normal pada setiap variasi. (3)Penambahan sebuk kaca 20% memiliki ketahanan yang lebih baik dari pada beton normal maupun beton dengan variasi lainnya dengan selisih kuat tekan dan berat jenis setelah perendaman beton dalam lingkungan agresi sulfat 5% masing-masing sebesar 0,32% dan 0,04%.
PENGARUHlLIMBAH BATU KAPUR KABUPATEN LAMONGAN SEBAGAI PENGGANTIlSEBAGIAN AGREGAT HALUS TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN DAN PENYERAPAN AIR PAVING BLOCK
Authors: Budi Siswanto Mohammad Abdul Mughni, Rima Sri Agustin,
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian adalah (1) Untuk mengetahuivpengaruh limbah batu kapur Kabupaten Lamongan sebagai penggantivsebagian agregat halus terhadap kuat tekan dan penyerapan air paving block. (2) Untuk mengetahui persentase optimal limbah batu kapur Kabupaten Lamongan sebagai penggantixsebagian agregat halus untuk mencapai kuat tekan dan penyerapan air maksimal paving block. Penelitian iniumenggunakan metode kuantitatif eksperimen. Bentuk;sampel dari paving block yaituxbalok dengan dimensi 20 cm x 10 cm x 6 cm. Jumlah sampelssebanyak 40 paving block. Variabellyang mempengaruhi dalam penelitian iniladalah (1) variabel terikat:jkuat tekan dan penyerapan air (2) variabel bebas: persentase limbah batu kapur sebagai pengganti sebagian agregat halus dengan variasi 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20% dari perbandingan volume Pasir. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistik parametris pada program SPSS 17 dengan uji prasyarat analisis normalitas data, homogenitas data, serta uji regresi linier sederhana untuk pengujian hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Ada pengaruh limbah batu kapur Kabupaten Lamongan sebagai pengganti sebagianjagregat halus terhadap kuat tekan dan penyerapan air paving block. (2) Belum didapatkan persentase optimal limbah batu kapur Kabupaten Lamongan sebagai pengganti sebagian agregat halus pada campuran paving block, karena hasil kuat tekan dan penyerapan air selalu mengalami kenaikan dengan adanya penambahan limbah batu kapur. Pada penelitian ini, rata-rata kuat tekan maksimal sebesar 17,03 Mpa pada variasi 20% dan rata-rata penyerapan air maksimal sebesar 11,12% pada variasi 20%.
Financial Hardships Caused by Out-of-Pocket Abortion Costs in Texas, 2018
Authors: Dickman Samuel L. , White Kari , Sierra Gracia , Grossman Daniel
Published: March 2022

Objectives. To identify financial hardships related to costs of obtaining abortion care in Texas, which has the highest uninsured rate in the United States and restricts insurance coverage for abortions.

Methods. We surveyed patients seeking abortion at 12 Texas clinics in 2018 regarding costs and financial hardships related to abortion care. We compared mean out-of-pocket costs and the percentage reporting hardships across income and insurance categories.

Results. Of 603 respondents, 42% were Latinx, 25% White, and 21% Black or African American, and most (62.0%) reported having low incomes (< 200% federal poverty level). Mean out-of-pocket costs were $634, which varied little across insurance groups. Patients with low incomes were more likely to obtain financial assistance from an abortion fund than were wealthier patients (12.3% vs 1.6%, respectively; P < .05). Financial hardships related to abortion costs were more common among uninsured (57.6%) and publicly insured (55.1%) patients than those with private insurance (48.2%). One in 5 (19.8%) uninsured respondents delayed buying food to pay for abortion care.

Conclusions. Restrictions on insurance coverage for abortions result in high out-of-pocket costs and major financial hardships for most patients with low incomes in Texas. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(5):758–761. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306701 )
Trends in Hospital Care for Intentional Assault Gunshot Wounds Among Residents of Cook County, Illinois, 2018–2020
Authors: Feinglass Joe , Patel Tulsi R. , Rydland Kelsey , Sheehan Karen
Published: March 2022

Objectives. To examine gun violence with respect to hospital visits for treatment of intentional assault gunshot wounds (IGWs).

Methods. IGW-coded visits among residents of Cook County, Illinois, were matched to census zip code tabulation areas (ZCTAs) to map changes in IGW visit frequencies between 2018 and 2020. Patient characteristics were compared across years, and Poisson regression models for the likelihood of an inpatient admission or in-hospital death were estimated.

Results. Over the study period, Cook County residents made 7122 IGW-coded hospital visits to 89 Illinois hospitals, resulting in $342 million in charges and 24 894 hospital days. The number of visits almost doubled between 2018 and 2020, from 1553 to 3031; 6 ZCTAs had increases of more than 60 visits. Approximately one third of patients with a visit were admitted, and 6.5% died.

Conclusions. Hospital statistics do not include the full toll of nonfatal gun injuries or the costs of related community-level trauma. The health care system remains crucial in implementing epidemiological approaches to violence prevention. Addressing the national spike in shootings will require large investments in community economic development and a professional public safety workforce. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(5):795–802. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306747 )
School Mandate and Influenza Vaccine Uptake Among Prekindergartners in New York City, 2012–2019
Authors: Hong Kai , Lindley Megan C. , Tsai Yuping , Zhou Fangjun
Published: March 2022

New York City (NYC) introduced a universal prekindergarten program in 2014 that mandated influenza vaccination for enrollment. We conducted a difference-in-difference-in-differences study to evaluate the program using 2012 to 2019 MarketScan claims data. After the introduction of the program, influenza vaccine uptake among four-year-old children in NYC during the subsequent seasons increased by 6.3 to 9.8 percentage points compared with the rest of New York State. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(5):719–723. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306765 )
Objects in Mirror Are Closer Than They Appear: Symptoms of Depression and Suicidality in Orthopaedic Surgeons
Authors: Stein Matthew K. , Fryhofer George W. , Blumenthal Sarah , Huang Vincent , Donegan Derek J. , Mehta Samir ,   the Behavior in Orthopaedics Over Mental Health (BOOM) Group
Published: March 2022

Background:

Suicide and depression among orthopaedic surgeons have recently emerged as rising concerns. Prior research has suggested that orthopaedic surgeons have the highest prevalence of suicide among surgical specialties. We sought to determine the factors associated with depression and suicidal ideation (SI) in orthopaedics, including subspecialty.

Methods:

A survey including demographic questions, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale was administered electronically via a listserv to the orthopaedic subspecialties of trauma, adult reconstruction, hand and upper extremity, shoulder and elbow, foot and ankle, spine, pediatrics, sports medicine, and oncology. The responses were quantified according to previously published criteria. The associations of demographic factors, training, and current practice environment with depression and suicidality were assessed using Fisher exact tests. Reverse stepwise multivariable logistic regression models were developed to identify factors associated with depression and SI.

Results:

The responses were obtained from 661 board-certified, practicing orthopaedic surgeons. In this study, 156 surgeons (23.6%) endorsed some level of active SI in their lifetime, 200 surgeons (30.3%) reported either active or passive SI in their lifetime, and 33 surgeons (5%) reported that, on at least 1 occasion in their lifetime, they had experienced active SI with a specific plan and intention to harm themselves. Gender, relationship status, having children, and residency and/or current practice region were significantly associated with depression and/or SI. Younger age, divorce, adult reconstruction and foot and ankle subspecialties, and attending residency in the Western U.S. were found on multivariable testing to be associated with symptoms of depression and SI (odds ratios, 1.03 [per 1-year decrease in age] to 8.28).

Conclusions:

Symptoms of depression and suicidality are not uncommon among orthopaedic surgeons, and variation by gender, relationship status, and geographic location are supported by prior research. Based on our results, depression and/or SI likely affect someone close to you or someone with whom you work. The normalization of discussions surrounding emotional well-being, depression, and SI is imperative.
The Dangers of Being Relaxed in a Fictional World: A Study of Subject Positioning, Focalisation and Point of View in Two Novels
Authors: Dean Sharon
Published: March 2022

See article
The ABBA project (Assess Better Before Access): a retrospective, cross-sectional study of neonatal intravascular device outcomes
Authors: Rens Matheus F.P.T. van , Bayoumi Mohammad A.A. , Hoogen Agnes van den , Francia Airene L.V. , Cabanillas Irian J. , Loon Fredericus H.J van , Spencer Timothy R.
Published: March 2022

Background: Vascular access devices (VADs) play a vital role within the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). However, VAD-use is not without significant risks, with complications such as infection, thrombosis, device occlusion and infiltration/extravasation frequently contributing to device-related failures and increase the risk of significant patient harm or injury. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional, single-center study in a large 112-bed NICU in Qatar that routinely collected intravenous device data from January 2016 to December 2018 was evaluated. The outcome of interest was to identify and evaluate the relationships between unmodifiable and potentially modifiable factors and Assess the situation and patients Better Before initiating vascular Access (ABBA), potentially reducing unwarranted complication rates leading to therapy failure within the neonatal setting.Results: During the study period, 23858 VADs were inserted. Of these, 89.3% were peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs). Infants who received a peripheral device were slightly older, with a median age of 8 (5) days, when compared to all infants receiving a central device, with a median age of 6 (4) days. Univariate logistic regression analyses identified 10 variables demonstrating significant relationships to device-related outcomes.Conclusions: Four subgroups of VAD were identified (peripheral intravenous catheters, extended dwell-peripheral intravenous devices, peripherally inserted central catheters and umbilical venous catheters). Central vascular access (peripherally inserted central catheters and umbilical venous catheters) had the least reported complications. Future research toward improving patient and intravenous therapy-related outcomes plays an important role. It requires a focus on innovations and clinical advancements in the world of neonatology and vascular access devices.
Hormone and transcript changes in a growing leaf and roots of wheat seedlings in response to water restriction
Authors: Ptošková Klára , Szecówka Marek , Jaworek Pavel , Tarkowská Danuše , Petřík Ivan , Pavlović Iva , Novák Ondřej , Thomas Stephen G. , Phillips Andrew L. , Hedden Peter
Published: March 2022

BackgroundBread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a major source of nutrition globally, but yields can be seriously compromised by water limitation. Redistribution of growth between shoots and roots is a common response to drought, promoting plant survival, but reducing yield. Gibberellins (GAs) are necessary for shoot and root elongation, but roots maintain growth at lower GA concentrations compared with shoots, making GA a suitable hormone for mediating this growth redistribution. In this study, the effect of progressive drought on GA content was determined in the base of the 4th leaf and root tips of wheat seedlings, containing the growing regions, as well as in the remaining leaf and root tissues. In addition, the contents of other selected hormones known to be involved in stress responses were determined. Transcriptome analysis was performed on equivalent tissues and drought-associated differential expression was determined for hormone-related genes.ResultsAfter 5 days of applying progressive drought to 10-day old seedlings, the length of leaf 4 was reduced by 31% compared with watered seedlings and this was associated with significant decreases in the concentrations of bioactive GA1 and GA4 in the leaf base, as well as of their catabolites and precursors. Root length was unaffected by drought, while GA concentrations were slightly, but significantly higher in the tips of droughted roots compared with watered plants. Transcripts for the GA-inactivating gene TaGA2ox4 were elevated in the droughted leaf, while those for several GA-biosynthesis genes were reduced by drought, but mainly in the non-growing region. In response to drought the concentrations of abscisic acid, cis-zeatin and its riboside increased in all tissues, indole-acetic acid was unchanged, while trans-zeatin and riboside, jasmonate and salicylic acid concentrations were reduced.ConclusionsReduced leaf elongation and maintained root growth in wheat seedlings subjected to progressive drought were associated with attenuated and increased GA content, respectively, in the growing regions. Despite increased TaGA2ox4 expression, lower GA levels in the leaf base of droughted plants were due to reduced biosynthesis rather than increased catabolism. In contrast to GA, the other hormones analysed responded to drought similarly in the leaf and roots, indicating organ-specific differential regulation of GA metabolism in response to drought.
Climate Change Multi-Model Projections in CMIP6 Scenarios in Central Hokkaido, Japan
Authors: Peng Shilei , Wang Chunying , Li Zhan , Mihara Kunihito , Kuramochi Kanta , Toma Yo , Hatano Ryusuke
Published: March 2022

Simulating future climate changes (like temperature and rainfall) is critical for water resource management, disaster mitigation, and agricultural development. Based on the category-wise indicator method, two preferred Global Climate Models (GCMs) for the Ishikari River basin (IRB), the socio-economic center of Hokkaido, Japan, were examined from the newly released Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). Climatic variables (maximum/minimum temperature and precipitation) were projected by the Statistical DownScaling Model (SDSM) under all shared socioeconomic pathway-representative concentration pathway (SSP-RCP) scenarios (SSP1-1.9, SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, SSP4-3.4, SSP4-6.0, SSP5-3.4OS, and SSP5-8.5) in two phases: 2040–2069 (2040s) and 2070–2099 (2070s), with the period of 1985-2014 as the baseline. Predictors of SDSM were derived from CMIP6 GCMs and the reanalysis dataset NOAA-CIRES-DOE 20th Century Reanalysis V3 (20CRv3). Results showed that CMIP6 GCMs had a significant correlation with temperature measurements, but could not represent precipitation features in the IRB. The constructed SDSM could capture the characteristics of temperature and precipitation during the calibration (1985-1999) and validation (2000-2014) phases, respectively. The selected GCMs (MIROC6 and MRI-ESM-2.0) generated higher temperature and less rainfall in the forthcoming phases. The SSP-RCP scenarios had an apparent influence on temperature and precipitation. High-emission scenarios (like SSP5-8.5) would project a higher temperature and lower rainfall than the low-emission scenarios (like SSP1-1.9). Spatial-temporal analysis indicated that the northern part of the IRB is more likely to become warmer with heavier precipitation than the southern part in the future. Higher temperature and lower rainfall were projected during the late 21st century (2070s) than the mid-century (2040s) in the IRB.
Evaluation of Bone Repair After Periapical Surgeries Using Leukocyte Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF) and Blood Clot: A Double-Blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Pessoa Thomaz Jefferson De Lemos , Gasparello Gil Guilherme , Ignácio Sérgio Aparecido , Carneiro Everdan , Pessoa Yassmine , Couto Douglas , Filho Odilon Guariza , Pes Rafael , Westphalen Vânia Portela Ditzel
Published: March 2022

This study evaluated the effectiveness of the use of an autologous membrane of fibrin rich in platelets and leukocytes (LPRF) and blood clot, in bone repair after periapical surgery, in teeth with apical lesions. Methodology: Randomized clinical study of 64 teeth with periapical lesions submitted to apicectomy and retrograde filling with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). The teeth were divided into 2 groups according to the filling of the bone pocket: LPRF (n = 34) and only with blood clot (n = 30). The areas were measured twice, T0 after periapical surgery and T1 after 90 days, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to assess bone pocket repair in cubic millimeters using the ITK-SNAP program.
Results: Statistical analyses revealed significant reductions in the volume of bone stores in the LPRF group, with a 48.47% reduction compared to 29.25% for the blood clot group (p < 0.01), with the power of test at 99.86%. Conclusion: The use of LPRF membrane can be recommended as a bone site filler after periapical surgery compared to blood clot.
Affordable Artificial Intelligence-assisted Machine Supervision System for the Small and Medium-sized Manufacturers
Authors: Li Chen , Bian Shijie , Wu Tongzi , Donovan Richard P. , Li Bingbing
Published: March 2022

With the rapid concurrent advance of artificial intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) technology, manufacturing environments are being upgraded or equipped with smart and connected infrastructure that empower workers and supervisors to optimize manufacturing workflow and processes for improved energy efficiency, equipment reliability, quality, safety, and productivity. For many small and medium-sized manufacturers (SMMs) who heavily rely on people to supervise manufacturing processes and facilities, this presents a challenge of capital cost and complexity. This research aims to create an affordable, scalable, accessible, and portable (ASAP) solution to automate supervision of manufacturing processes. The proposed approach seeks to reduce the cost and complexity of smart manufacturing deployment for SMMs through deployment of consumer grade electronics and novel AI development methodology. The proposed system, AI-assisted Machine Supervision (AIMS), provides SMMs with two major subsystems: direct machine monitoring (DMM), and human-machine interaction monitoring (HIM). The AIMS system was evaluated and validated with a case study in 3D printing through the affordable AI accelerator solution of the vision processing unit (VPU).
Total Salivary Immunoglobulin A determination before and after Non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with Aggressive periodontitis
Authors: Ayettey-Adamafio MNB , Tormeti D , Vasco E , Ndanu TA , Nartey NO , Asamoah K , Kyei-Baafour E , Hewlett SA
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Aggressive periodontitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease with rapid periodontal attachment and bone loss in healthy individuals. It exists as Localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP) and Generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP). They raise total salivary immunoglobulin A(IgA) levels. This study aimed at determining IgA in AP patients compared with controls before and after non-surgical debridement.Materials and methods: Consented 37 Ghanaians aged 20-50 years were recruited. Questionnaire was used and periodontal examination was done with Orthopantomogram taken. Unstimulated saliva was collected before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Centrifuged Samples were stored at -800C. Human IgA ELISA kits were used to determine levels. Results: The mean concentration of total salivary IgA before treatment for the cases was 90.3 ± 33.1 (µg/ml) and controls was 92.0±29.4 (µg/ml). After treatment, the concentration of IgA among the cases was 90.5±31.7 (µg/ml) and controls was 84.6±31.7 (µg/ml). There was no significant difference in the mean IgA values between cases and controls as well as before and after treatment (P>0.05).Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the total salivary IgA levels in participants with AP and the control group before and after treatment. But there was a significant drop in the total IgA levels for the LAP participants after treatment.
Translational profiling of neuronal subtypes in pre-symptomatic fatal familial insomnia mice reveals TOR signaling in somatostatin-expressing neurons
Authors: Bauer Susanne , Dittrich Lars , Kaczmarczyk Lech , Schleif Melvin , Benfeitas Rui , Jackson Walker S.
Published: March 2022

BackgroundSelective neuronal vulnerability is a common, yet poorly understood characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. It is particularly fascinating in familial prion diseases, such as fatal familial insomnia (FFI) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), where different mutants of the prion protein manifest as clinically and neuropathologically distinct diseases. MethodsTo determine how distinct neurons respond to different mutations in the prion protein gene at pre-symptomatic stages, we used RiboTag to isolate cell type-specific, translating mRNA from GABAergic, glutamatergic, somatostatin- (SST) and parvalbumin- (PV) expressing neurons of 9-month-old knock-in mouse models of FFI and CJD. Differential gene expression analysis followed by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed for all cell types in both diseases. We further constructed a undirected weighted gene co-expression network for SST neurons to identify functional models and hub genes.ResultsWe found SST+ neurons showed the most prominent gene expression changes in both diseases, especially in FFI, with high similarities between the two diseases. GSEA demonstrated similar enrichment patterns of functional terms for GABAergic cell types in both FFI and CJD, whereas responses in glutamatergic neurons were disease specific. For SST+ neurons, functional analysis revealed upregulation of ribosomal biogenesis, mitochondrial function and neurodegenerative disease pathways, and downregulation of synaptic function and small GTPase mediated signaling in FFI. Analysis of an SST co-expression network revealed a disease-associated module, functionally associated with autophagy and TORC1 signaling. Of the identified module hub genes, three were further significantly differentially expressed in FFI SST neurons, including Depdc5, a component of mTOR regulator complex GATOR1, and Nucleosome Remodeling Deacetylase complex component Mta3. Importantly, the molecular changes reported here were very different from those reported for an acquired prion disease model.ConclusionsThis study identifies SST neurons as an early affected cell type, showing similar responses in both FFI and CJD with downregulation of mTOR signaling as a potential explanatory mechanism underlying many of the observed changes. The observation that FFI and CJD have such similar cellular and molecular signatures indicates that a common therapy may be effective for multiple inherited prion diseases, but possibly less effective for acquired prion disease.
Effects of warm-up exercises with dynamic stretching and total-resistance exercise (TRX) suspension for enhancing core body temperature and the metabolic equivalents of task of body extremities on Crawl stroke speed in young athlete swimmers with different BMI classifications
Authors: Pengkumpa Sittichai , Sangpara Paramaporn , Konharn Kurusart
Published: March 2022

Purpose We aimed to compare the effects of warm-up exercises with dynamic stretching and total-resistance exercise (TRX) suspension for enhancing core body temperature and the metabolic equivalents of task of body extremities on Crawl stroke speed in young athlete swimmers with different body mass index (BMI) classifications. Methods The sample comprised 32 young athlete swimmers (age 13.74 ± 1.03 years, BMI 19.91 ± 3.34 kg/m2) who had been involved in organized competitive swimming. BMI was divided into 3 classifications. After a conventional warm-up and 10-mins rested, the intervention group were received the TRX warm-up protocol, while the control group performed with dynamic stretching. They then performed a 50-meters and a 100-meters crawl-stroke for speed. Before completing the testing, swimmers had a one-day rest period for their own activities. Results Warm-ups with dynamic stretching affect the core body temperature, heart rate, and metabolic equivalent of task (METs rate), and enhance crawl-stroke speed performance in young athlete swimmers. While swimmers in BMI class 2 have shown the best crawl-stroke speed, warm-ups with TRX suspension required lower energy expenditures (METs rate) than warm-ups with dynamic stretching (P<0.01). Male swimmers were found to have faster crawl-stroke speed performances than female swimmers in warm-ups with TRX suspension and dynamic stretching. Conclusion Energy expenditure, body temperature, and heart rate in the warm-up protocol have correlations with swimming performance.
Chemotherapy may facilitate colorectal cancer metastasis through vessel formation by upregulating G-CSF
Authors: zhan Yueping , Fang Kai , wang Yuqian , Liang Mengting , Wu Ruiying , Xu Jian , Yuan Zeting , Wu Chengqi , Zhu Ruiqiu , Xu Jianhua , Chen Teng , Wang Jie , Zhang Jun , Yin Peihao , Liang Xin , Xu Ke
Published: March 2022

Background
Chemotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment for various cancers. However recent studies suggested that it may also induce local or systemic changes that promote the dissemination and proliferation of cancer cells leading to successful metastasis. Understanding this process is therefore instrumental to help us identify patient population that may or may not be benefit from chemotherapy, and develop innovative approaches to prevent metastasis.
Methods
In this study, we investigated the mechanism of chemotherapy causing the metastasis of colorectal cancer, and the roles of G-CSF induced by chemotherapy in the vessel formation. Eight-week-old C57/BL6 mice were used as animal models in this study to investigate the lung metastasis by the chemotherapy. Conditional endothelial cell STAT3−/− (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription, STAT) knockout mice (STAT3flox/flox; Tek-Cre mice), were used to investigate the function of STAT3 on lung metastasis under the chemotherapy. Bone marrow and plasma was selected to detect the mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and MDSCs. To trace BM-derived cells, we prepared chimeric mouse transplanted with BM cells from green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mouse. In vitro, experiments were performed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) to analyse the function of G-CSF on angiogenesis. Detected the G-CSF content in the plasma of the patients who received an adjuvant chemotherapy with the XELOX (oxaliplatin plus capecitabine) regimen.
Results
Our study showed that oxaliplatin chemotherapy could increase the expression of G-CSF to promote lung metastasis. First, G-CSF/STAT3 signaling facilitated lung metastasis by enhancing vascular adhesion rather than diminishing the blood vessel density. G-CSF also promoted Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) mobilization that devoted to vasculogenesis, a critical step for vessel density in metastatic sites; moreover, chemotherapy augmented the mobilization of MDSCs from the bone marrow by G-CSF. In consistent with these, anti-G-CSF suppressed the formation of a functional vasculature and induced tumoral immunosuppression, resulting in an anti-metastasis effect during chemotherapy. Furthermore, at human level, we observed high level of G-CSF, either at baseline or after receiving adjuvant XELOX chemotherapy, correlated with poor overall and recurrence-free survival.
Conclusions
These results demonstrate that certain chemotherapy could paradoxically result in worse outcome due to increased expression of G-CSF. Our findings provide mechanistic insight into cautious use of G-CSF and potential utility of anti-G-CSF in personalized cancer therapy.