bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Distribution Network Single-Phase To-Ground Faulty Line Detection
Authors: Nie Guo Xing , Dong Ya Jun
Published: August 2013

The thesis is based on summing up the features of high voltage grounding grip single-phase to-ground process to analyze the characteristics of zero sequence current, zero sequence voltage, voltage phase mode transformation and current phase mode transformation. It provides solution to pick out single-phase to-ground faulty lines at the exit of converting stations by waveform recognition in the principle that voltage transformer injects signal to interfere zero sequence current, and the integrated faulty line detection that consists of waveform recognition, wavelet analysis and energy analysis, and it introduces the single-phase to-ground faulty line detection in small current earthed system.
Research and Design of Coal Mine Safety Monitoring System Based on the Wireless Network and WEB
Authors: Yang Rong Ming
Published: August 2013

In recent years, there are a lot of safety accidents in China's coal mine, it causing heavy casualties and huge economic losses, so the coal mine production safety situation is very grim. In order to improve this situation, we research and design a set of coal mine safety monitoring system. Its underlying uses a technology which is ZigBee, it is short-range, low-speed wireless networks, and it connecting the coal mine of numerous sensor and video surveillance systems. Monitoring interface uses a Web way constitute a complete set of coal mine safety monitoring system in order to be able to burst in coal mine disasters in a full range of monitoring, and to avoid the occurrence of safety accidents. In this paper, the overall coal mine safety monitoring system theory and specific design.
Development of Non-Contact Online Measuring System for Middle-Convex and Varying Ellipse Piston
Authors: Zheng Dong , Zhou Hui Xing , Wu Han , Zhang Chao Yang
Published: August 2013

A non-contact online measuring system is developed to measure the contour error of the middle-convex and varying ellipse piston. A high accuracy laser displacement sensor is used to measure the elliptical profiles of the piston, and a measuring collector is designed based on digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320F28335 to ensure strict correspondence between the angles and the radii data of the sampling points. The measured data is analyzed with least square method to calculate the contour error of the pistons cross section. The reliability of the measuring system is proved by experiment.
Applying Wireless Transmission for Aluminum Alloy Wheel Cornering Simulation and Testing
Authors: Hung San Shan , Chang Hsing Cheng , Lin Yu Hsuan
Published: August 2013

This study adopted finite element analysis (FEA) to conduct tests and simulations on the bending moment of truck wheels. Based on the simulated analysis using ANSYS Workbench software, a three-axis strain gauge was attached to locations with substantial stress variations. The strain gauge was converted into voltage. Amplification and filtering circuits were adopted for signal processing, and the processed signals were subsequently entered into the microcontroller unit. Simultaneously, a universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) communications protocol was applied for communication with the Bluetooth wireless module. The accessed signal was then transmitted to the receiver end through wireless emission. The detection interface at the monitoring end was designed using LabVIEW software, enabling operators to observe the stress and strain for wheels under various test conditions. The acquired data were stored in a computer for future reviews and analysis.
Research of Recognition Management System for Noise, Temperature and Humidity Based on ZigBee
Authors: Li Zheng Mao , Wang Jun , Zheng Di
Published: August 2013

In order to reduce the acoustics material loss caused by the temperature and humidity varying of theatre environment as well as monitoring the noise changes, we have built a ZigBee technology based wireless sensor network. By using the temperature sensor, humidity sensor and the noise sensor we can get the environment information efficiently. Moreover, with the help of the context-aware concept in pervasive computing we build up the noise and temperature humidity cognitive management system. Experimental results show that, the system can effectively locate and recognize the noise source. At the same time it can complete effective early warning and propose according to different materials temperature and humidity characters so as to prolong the service life of the materials and improve their performance effectively.
Model and Algorithm for Wood Moisture Content Detection by Capacitance Sensor
Authors: Guo Cui , Luo Yue Sheng , Gao Yang , Liu Shao Gang
Published: August 2013

In this article, a model which was used to measure wood moisture content(MC) was presented. It was founded under non-uniform and asymmetric conditions and there was no any need for wood shape. It can work out the relationship between capacitance value( ) and dielectric constant( ). Compared with previous methods, it not only can greatly lessened measuring work, but also avoided the waste of media resources, such as wood. At the same time, a new kind of numerical method was given for this problem. The number of unknown variables significantly are reduced by doing this.
Application on Pulse Energy Saving Power Supply in Electrical Precipitator Power Control System of Energy
Authors: Yang Yu Ping
Published: August 2013

Pulse power supply fully utilize the inductance and capacitance storage properties, maximize operating voltage, reduce the operating current. Used in electric precipitator power control system, in maintaining or slightly increased efficiency premise, avoid electrostatic precipitator operation process of the vulnerable emerging phenomenon, but also will corona to heat and light forms of energy consume, so as to realize the saved greatly.
Software Design and Prepayment of Intelligent Electric Meter
Authors: Zhang Shuan Ji , Xia Yu Jie , Zhang Min Zhe
Published: August 2013

This paper gives a solution of prepayment and software design in the intelligent electric meter. Firstly introduces the development and the future trend of the meter, the overall design scheme is given, a software platform built. Then the design of the CPU IC card circuit, IC card processing program, and the main program, real-time power program and electricity consumption measurement program are also designed. System uses LPC2290 as the main control chip, using ADI company ADE7755 electric energy metering chip, the software uses the modular design, not only can realize the measurement of electric energy, but also can accomplish the communication with the host computer, easy to build energy platform for energy management and control etc.
The Study on the Improvement for Mathematical Model and the Affected Actors of Gas Storage Vessel Leakage
Authors: Pang Kun , Duan Yao Yong , Li Xiu Lin
Published: August 2013

Based on the method of mathematics and physics, the mathematical model of gas storage vessel leakage is improved. The improved mathematical model can better simulate the leakage at anytime, And we gets some results that (1) the function of leakage of quantity, intensity and gas pressure with the variable t, (2) the more correct the mathematical model for the gas storage vessel leakage, and (3) on the analysis of the affected actors of gas storage vessel leakage, the risk order of the factors is the area of the leakage hole, gas initial temperature, and pressure storage vessel.
Bayesian Estimations of Mixed Exponential Distribution with Type-I Censored Data
Authors: Wei Cheng Dong , Wei Huan Qi , Wang Fu , Wu Wen Jun
Published: August 2013

Mixed exponential distribution is a very important statistical model in life data analysis. In this paper, we give Bayesian estimations of mixed exponential distribution with Type-Ⅰ censored data by using conjugate prior distribution based on square loss function. And we prove that the Bayesian estimations are admissible.
A Mapping Framework between Design Information and Energy Information
Authors: Ma Qin Yi , Sun Qing Chao , Yang Lin , Pang Gui Bing
Published: August 2013

Product design, energy consumption and carbon emission belong to different domain. For the purpose of achieving low carbon and energy conservation design, the relation between design information and energy information must be established. This paper employs bond graph theory for extracting and expressing basic energy characteristics and presents a mapping framework between design information and energy information.
Adaptive Switching Median Filter Based on GA-BP Neural Network
Authors: Ye Xiao Ling , Dou Yan Yan , Liu Bo
Published: August 2013

For the poor performance of conventional filtering algorithms in removing salt and pepper noise from digital images under high noise density,an adaptive switching median filter algorithm based on BP neural network optimized by genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed to detect and remove salt and pepper noise from images. Firstly,the initial weights and thresholds of BP neural network are optimized by genetic algorithm.Then image pixels are devided into either signal or noise points by the trained network automatically. The detected noise points will be removed by adaptive switching median filter algorithm,but nothing to do with the signal points. Experiment results show that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms the others and efficiently removes salt and pepper noise from digital images without distorting image details and textures .
Synthesizing the Partition Table Using Low-Energy Models
Authors: Wang Ming Qian , Kang Hao , Tian Wei , Shi Zhi Guo
Published: August 2013

Many steganographers would agree that, had it not been for vacuum tubes, the study of forward-error correction might never have occurred. After years of structured research into online algorithms, we prove the investigation of write-back caches. We describe an extensible tool for architecting replication, which we call Solve.
Design and Implementation of the Smart Home Security Control System Based on the Android Platform
Authors: Zhang Yong Hong , Huang Rui
Published: August 2013

The paper introduces the development status of smart home platform based-on Android system and advantages of Smart home security system first.As to the families internal application environment,a low-cost,easy to expand,smart home security system for home applications based on the Android platform is designed through the analysis and research of smart home security system.It Shows the basic module structures of the software according to the design scheme,and each module performs the specific implementation.
The Concentration Experiments of Chengde Iron Tailings
Authors: Liu Shu Xian , Zhang Jin Xia , Xu Zhi Shuai
Published: August 2013

For chengde iron tailings pulp, make the pH value, pulp density, density of tailings determination, then carried on the laboratory test, the pulp density 3.84%, use the 2 # flocculant : 1.2 g/m3, tailings concentrated overflow water suspended solid content is 216 mg/L, meet the national discharge standards, by the test it can be used to production water.
Preparation of Density Ceramic and Fiber Joining Materials
Authors: Ren Jiang , Zhao Ying Na , Zhang Meng , Zhang Wen Li
Published: August 2013

The joining materials of density ceramics and the fibre would be potential value as sealing materials for high-temperature seal field. Zirconia toughened mullite ceramics (ZTM) were chosen the density ceramics due to excellent high temperature mechanical properties. Aluminum silica ceramic fibre was attractive because of favorable elasticity properties. Combining the two materials, the high-temperature resistance elasticity seal materials would be prepared by microwave joining technique. Using the absorber-microwaves properties of Al-Si alloy, interlayer compositions of the joining materials were designed. The ZTM ceramics and fibers materials were joining by microwave hybrid heating method and the mechanism of microwave joining was discussed.
Three Year Performance of Sacrificial Anode Cathodic Protection System in the Reinforced Concrete Bridge Structures
Authors: Jeong Jin A , Jin Chung Kuk
Published: August 2013

The aim of this study was to obtain special cathodic protection (CP) behavior in coastal bridge structures. This bridge structure was located to the area where repetition between fresh water and sea water taken place due to ebb and flood tide. In this study, zinc-mesh anode was used as a sacrificial anode. Thus, it was a good opportunity to verify the effectiveness of sacrificial anode CP (SACP) in this special location. Measurement was conducted for three years. Test Factors were corrosion potential, CP potential, 4 hour depolarization potential, and CP current. Moreover, resistivity and corrosion rate were measured by the multi-functional corrosion monitoring sensor (DMS-100, Conclinic Co. Ltd) that could measure potential, galvanic current, corrosion rate, concrete resistivity, and temperature. After three years from installation of CP, it could confirm that although some pier showed low depolarization potential less than 100mV, most piers showed good protection both electrochemical and physical aspects.
Prediction Model of the Cement Strength Based on the Principal Component Wavelet Neural Network
Authors: Zhou Yong Zheng , Wu Han Jun , Hu Chun Lai
Published: August 2013

In this paper, we study the integration of principal component analysis and wavelet neural net work to establish the principle component wavelet neural network model, and apply the model to predict the strength of cement, and using the average prediction error of the strength of cement by the model to compare with the results through the BP neural network model and the principal component neural network model, the average prediction error in this paper is the smallest. Therefore, the method in this paper has guiding significance to control the quality of the cement production.
Mechanical Properties of Phenolic Foams Modified by Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite
Authors: Wang Hai Wang , Lu Guo Zhong , Zhang Yu Yan , Du Yue Wen , Song Li Hui , Li Hang Yu , Lu Xiu Yuan , Dong Gao Gao
Published: August 2013

Phenolic foam offer a multitude of advantage for energy saving and fire, however, they are brittleness and need to be improved. Nanostructured inorganic particles are good modifiers to enhance the toughness, but the problem is that inorganic particles have poor compatibility with polymer materials. To solve this problem, here SiO2and Poly acrylic acid (PAA) hybrid nanoparticles were used as a reinforcing agent, which were prepared by silica sol and polyacrylic acid. The analysis shows that the hybrid nanoparticles effectively improve the compressive strength, the compressive strength and cell structures.
Study on the Viscoelastic Performance of Asphalt Mixture Based on Dynamic Modulus
Authors: Wang Teng , Lin Jun Tao , Pang Ling , Lei Min , Jenkins Kim , Wu Shao Peng
Published: August 2013

The fitting models of dynamic modulus of asphalt mixtures were studied in this paper. UTM dynamic modulus tests were adopted to determine the dynamic modulus of two asphalt (A, B) mixtures. Then, the WLF equation and Arrhenius formula, based on the time-temperature equivalence principle, were used to get the shift factors and master curves of asphalt mixtures. Combined with Sigmoidal model and CAM model, it was founded that the Arrhenius formula was more suitable to get the master curves of asphalt mixtures. What is more, the CAM model was more suitable to fit master curves of both asphalt mixtures.
Preparation and Mineral Phases of Fired Brick Utilizing Iron Tailings
Authors: Yang Li Rong , Chen Hai Bin , Wang Chun Mei , Zhang Li
Published: August 2013

Using iron tailings from northern Tangshan region of China as the main material, fly ash and clay as the accessories, fired bricks were prepared. The influences of iron tailings content, heating rate, firing temperature and holding time on water absorption and compressive strength of bricks were investigated. the phases of fired bricks was characterized by XRD. The most suitable conditions is as follows: the range of the iron tailings content is 80%~ 95%, no more than 8°C/min has little effect on the properties of fired bricks, the range of feasible calcined temperature could be adjusted in 1020 ~ 1050°C for 1.5~2h, which make the physical properties and durability of fired bricks accorded with Chinese Fired Common Bricks Standard (GB/T5101-2003). The main mineral phases mainly constituted the mechanical strength of fired product are hematite, quartz, anorthite and augite.
Analysis for Interaction of Pile Group of Variable Stiffness Composite Foundation
Authors: Zhang Su Fen , Zhang Jian Hui , Wang Xiao Yang
Published: August 2013

In the paper, a set of analysis formulas of pile-group of variable stiffness composite foundations was derived.The reasonability and reliability of the proposed method were showed by the results of a large scale model experiment.It is valuable to the analysis of the pile-group of composite settlement, the design optimization and the study of mechanism of pile-to-pile interaction.
Study on Flotation Separation Experiment of Molybdenite Using New Type Collector
Authors: Zhang Qi Dong , Li Xiao Li , Li Ming Ming , Yuan Chuang
Published: August 2013

The flotation process of molybdenum ore from Liaoning in China with a new collector DMC is investigated. The results show that the collector DMC has stronger collecting power and better selectivity for molybdenite. Compared with traditional kerosene and xanthate flotation,this process using the new collector could have a good index with 60% sodium silicate. The closed-circuit test results are as follows:the molybdenum concentrate of 53.04% with the molybdenum recovery of 95.02% is obtained.
Study on Water Stability of Evotherm® Warm Asphalt Mixture
Authors: Li Kui , Guo De Dong
Published: August 2013

AC-13C asphalt mixtures were mixing with 3% Evotherm® content and the optimal compaction temperature was determined according to test results of specimens formed at 4 different compaction temperatures by Marshall method. The general water stability tests and Hamburg wheel-tracking device (HWTD) were used to test the water stability of 4 kinds of asphalt mixtures, which were ordinary asphalt mixture, Evotherm® asphalt mixture without adding any anti-stripping agent, Evotherm® asphalt mixture adding liquid anti-stripping agent and Evotherm® asphalt mixture adding hydrated lime. Test results shows that the optimal compaction temperature is about 125°C; and compared to ordinary asphalt mixture, the long-term water stability of Evotherm® asphalt mixture is obviously poor caused by the lower compaction temperature; the addition of either liquid anti-stripping agent or hydrated lime improve the water stability to a great extent; comparatively speaking, addition of hydrated lime is the optimum measure to improve the water stability of Evotherm® warm mixture asphalt.
Study on the Effect of Impregnation Process on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Chinese Fir LVL
Authors: Shen Yu Cheng , Yin Li Ping , Huang Cheng Jian , Yao Chi Qiang , Yu Li , Li Yan Jun
Published: August 2013

Laminated veneer lumber (LVL) was manufactured from Chinese fir, which had been impregnated with laboratory prepared low-molecular-weight water-soluble phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin. The effects on the mechanical and physical properties of the LVL were investigated which made from veneer that had been subjected to various levels of the resin treatment. The results showed that either under conditions of normal temperature and pressure, or at increased pressure, the weight gain would increase with the impregnating time. Under the same impregnation technology, along with the increase of resin concentration, dry weigh gain increased, wet weight gain first increased and then decreased. Density of LVL increased, TS reduced, MOR and MOE first increased and then decreased as the weight gain increased.
The Lithogeochemistry of the Keno Hill District, Yukon Territory
Authors: Boyle R W , Gleeson C F
Published: August 2013

The lithogeochemistry of the Keno Hill district, Yukon is discussed in terms of the analytical data for Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Co, As, Sb, Mo, W, U, Sn, Ag, F and Ba on 381 rock samples and limonite precipitates from springs. In addition, analytical data for the major
constituents of the principal rock types in the district are given. The limonite precipitates vary greatly in their metal content, enrichments being marked in Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, As, Sb, Mo, and F in a number of samples. The trace element content of the limonite precipitates commonly reflects the type
of mineralization present in the rocks from which their parent springs issue. Certain quartz vein samples analyzed are remarkably high in Sn, and the skarn samples report high contents of W and locally high contents of F. The granitic rocks have high median values for Pb, As, W, U, Sn, F, and Ba,
and certain of the porphyries contain significantly high contents of copper and other metals. The greenstones have high median values for Cu, Zn, Ni and Co and some samples are mineralized with chalcopyrite. The various sedimentary rocks range widely in their metal content with relatively high
concentrations of the metals in the vicinity of mineralization. Sites from which samples report medium to high metal values should be thoroughly prospected. The Ordovician-Silurian slate samples are exceptionally high in Ba which may indicate the possible presence of barium deposits in these and
associated rocks.
Atmospheric deposition of polybromodiphenyl ethers in remote mountain regions of Europe
Authors: Arellano L. , Fernández P. , López J. F. , Rose N. L. , Nickus U. , Thies H. , Stuchlik E. , Camarero L. , Catalan J. , Grimalt J. O.
Published: August 2013

Abstract. Polybromodiphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were analyzed in bulk atmospheric deposition collected in four European remote mountain areas over a period of two years (2004–2006): Lake Redon (Pyrenees), Gossenköllesee (Alps), Lochnagar (Grampian Mountains) and Skalnate (Tatras). In all sites, the PBDE distributions were dominated by BDE209. BDE47 and BDE99 were the major low-brominated congeners, followed by BDE100 and BDE183. This composition is consistent with predominant inputs from the commercial mixtures decaBDE and pentaBDE. The total congener site-averaged fluxes ranged between 100 ng m−2 mo−1 (Alps) and 190 ng m−2 mo−1 (Tatras). Significant correlations between PBDE deposition and percent of North Atlantic backwards air mass trajectories in the collected samples of the westernmost sites, Lochnagar and Redon, suggested an impact of transcontinental transfer of these pollutants from North American sources into Europe. Skalnate and, to a lower extent Redon, recorded another main PBDE source from central Europe corresponding to secondary emissions of the penta BDE commercial mixture. The fluxes of these secondary emissions were temperature dependent and correlated to total particle deposition and rainfall. Higher PBDE fluxes were observed at increasing temperature, particle deposition and precipitation. Another specific PBDE source was observed in United Kingdom and recorded in Lochnagar. Photolytic degradation during transport decreased the relative abundance of BDE209 and modified the emitted pentaBDE technical mixtures by depletion of the relative composition of BDE99 and, to a lower extent, BDE47. The transformations were more intense in the sites located above 2000 m, Redon and Gossenköllesee, and, particularly, during the warm periods.
Conversion of upland to paddy field specifically alters the community structure of archaeal ammonia oxidizers in an acid soil
Authors: Alam M. S. , Ren G. D. , Lu L. , Zheng Y. , Peng X. H. , Jia Z. J.
Published: August 2013

Abstract. The function of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) depends on the major energy-generating compounds (i.e., ammonia and oxygen). The diversification of AOA and AOB communities along ecological gradients of substrate availability in a complex environment have been much debated but rarely tested. In this study, two ecosystems of maize and rice crops under different fertilization regimes were selected to investigate the community diversification of soil AOA and AOB upon conversion of an upland field to a paddy field and long-term field fertilization in an acid soil. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction of ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes demonstrated that the abundance of AOA was significantly stimulated after conversion of upland to paddy soils for more than 100 yr, whereas a slight decline in AOB numbers was observed. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis fingerprints of amoA genes further revealed remarkable changes in the community compositions of AOA after conversion of aerobic upland to flooded paddy field. Sequencing analysis revealed that upland soil was dominated by AOA within the soil group 1.1b lineage, whereas the marine group 1.1a-associated lineage predominated in AOA communities in paddy soils. Irrespective of whether the soil was upland or paddy soil, long-term field fertilization led to increased abundance of amoA genes in AOA and AOB compared with control treatments (no fertilization), whereas archaeal amoA gene abundances outnumbered their bacterial counterparts in all samples. Phylogenetic analyses of amoA genes showed that Nitrosospira cluster-3-like AOB dominated bacterial ammonia oxidizers in both paddy and upland soils, regardless of fertilization treatment. The results of this study suggest that the marine group 1.1a-associated AOA will be better adapted to the flooded paddy field than AOA ecotypes of the soil group 1.1b lineage, and indicate that long-term flooding is the dominant selective force driving the community diversification of AOA populations in the acid soil tested.
A one-dimensional model intercomparison study of thermal regime of a shallow, turbid midlatitude lake
Authors: Stepanenko V. M. , Martynov A. , Jöhnk K. D. , Subin Z. M. , Perroud M. , Fang X. , Beyrich F. , Mironov D. , Goyette S.
Published: August 2013

Abstract. Results of a lake model intercomparison study conducted within the framework of Lake Model Intercomparison Project are presented. The investigated lake was Großer Kossenblatter See (Germany) as a representative of shallow, (2 m mean depth) turbid midlatitude lakes. Meteorological measurements, including turbulent fluxes and water temperature, were carried out by the Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory of the German Meteorological Service (Deutscher Wetterdienst, DWD). Eight lake models of different complexity were run, forced by identical meteorological variables and model parameters unified as far as possible given different formulations of processes. All models generally captured diurnal and seasonal variability of lake surface temperature reasonably well. However, some models were incapable of realistically reproducing temperature stratification in summer. Total heat turbulent fluxes, computed by the surface flux schemes of the compared lake models, deviated on average from those measured by eddy covariance by 17–28 W m−2. There are a number of possible reasons for these deviations, and the conclusion is drawn that underestimation of real fluxes by the eddy covariance technique is the most probable reason. It is supported by the fact that the eddy covariance fluxes do not allow to close the heat balance of the water column, the residual for the whole period considered being ≈–28 W m−2. The effect of heat flux to bottom sediments can become significant for bottom temperatures. It also has profound influence on the surface temperatures in autumn due to convective mixing but not in summer when the lake stratification is stable. Thus, neglecting sediments shifts the summer–autumn temperature difference in models lacking explicit treatment of sediments considerably. As a practical recommendation based on results of the present study, we also infer that in order to realistically represent lakes in numerical weather prediction and climate models, it is advisable to use depth-resolving turbulence models (or equivalent) in favor of models with a completely mixed temperature profile.
Fundamentals of Pyrosequencing
Authors: Harrington Colleen T. , Lin Elaine I. , Olson Matthew T. , Eshleman James R.
Published: August 2013

Context.—DNA sequencing is critical to identifying many human genetic disorders caused by DNA mutations, including cancer. Pyrosequencing is less complex, involves fewer steps, and has a superior limit of detection compared with Sanger sequencing. The fundamental basis of pyrosequencing is that pyrophosphate is released when a deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate is added to the end of a nascent strand of DNA. Because deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates are sequentially added to the reaction and because the pyrophosphate concentration is continuously monitored, the DNA sequence can be determined.

Objective.—To demonstrate the fundamental principles of pyrosequencing.

Data Sources.—Salient features of pyrosequencing are demonstrated using the free software program Pyromaker (http://pyromaker.pathology.jhmi.edu), through which users can input DNA sequences and other pyrosequencing parameters to generate the expected pyrosequencing results.

Conclusions.—We demonstrate how mutant and wild-type DNA sequences result in different pyrograms. Using pyrograms of established mutations in tumors, we explain how to analyze the pyrogram peaks generated by different dispensation sequences. Further, we demonstrate some limitations of pyrosequencing, including how some complex mutations can be indistinguishable from single base mutations. Pyrosequencing is the basis of the Roche 454 next-generation sequencer and many of the same principles also apply to the Ion Torrent hydrogen ion-based next-generation sequencers.
Sclerosing Angiomatoid Nodular Transformation of the Spleen
Authors: Pradhan Dinesh , Mohanty Sambit K.
Published: August 2013

Sclerosing Angiomatoid Nodular Transformation (SANT) of the spleen is a rare benign lesion of the spleen with unknown etiology. SANT is classically considered to be a female-predominant disease, with most of the patients in the 30- to 60-year age group. Most lesions are found incidentally on imaging. Although SANT has specific imaging findings, the differential diagnosis from other splenic tumors or malignant lesions is very difficult. Histopathologically, these tumors reveal multiple confluent angiomatoid nodules; these nodules are surrounded by concentric collagen fibers exhibiting an inflammatory and myofibroblastic response and are accompanied by numerous erythrocytes and siderophages. The nodules are populated by endothelial cells, phenotypically recapitulating normal splenic vasculature, such as sinusoids, capillaries, and small veins. Nuclear atypia is minimal, mitotic figures are extremely rare, and necrosis is consistently absent. This lesion has a unique immunohistochemical profile characterized by CD34−CD31+CD8+ sinusoids, CD34+CD31+CD8− capillaries, and CD34−CD31+CD8− small veins. CD68 is positive in macrophages. Splenectomy is a useful and effective technique for the management of SANT. SANT patients have a good prognosis, with no recurrence after splenectomy. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of SANT of the spleen and its clinical relevance.
Redes cooperativas - alternativa para o desenvolvimento das MPE
Authors: Silva Neto Romeu e
Published: August 2013

Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta para o desenvolvimento tecnológico e gerencial das Micro e Pequenas Empresas (MPE) dos diversos setores da indústria. A proposta consiste na formatação de uma rede de organizações, onde as instituições de ensino tecnológico participam com a responsabilidade de desenvolver, coletar e disseminar tecnologias e ferramentas úteis aos processos produtivos e gerenciais das micro e pequenas empresas. Estas instituições, que podem ser públicas ou privadas. A participação destas últimas permite a ampliação da rede de organizações com responsabilidades compartilhadas e objetivos comuns.
O desenvolvimento do norte/noroeste fluminense: problematizando o consenso
Authors: Cruz José Luis Vianna da
Published: August 2013

O presente artigo se apóia no Estudo de Tendências do Desenvolvimento das Regiões Norte e Noroeste Fluminense, encomendado pela Escola Técnica Federal de Campos ao Centro de Pesquisas da Faculdade Cândido Mendes e a realizado sob a coordenação deste autor e da profª. Denise Terra, diretora do referido Centro. O artigo busca, através do citado Estudo de Tendências, relativizar a visão dominante, de cunho conservador (no sentido de preservar a hierarquia econômica e social tradicional), sobre o Desenvolvimento Regional, bem como não sintonizada com as condicionantes contemporâneas do desenvolvimento, tanto do ponto de vista do empresariado quanto do Poder Público artigo busca mostrar, ainda, que o Estudo reforça uma outra perspectiva de Desenvolvimento para a região, capaz de oferecer respostas aos seus problemas sociais e econômicos mais importantes, do ponto de vista da diversidade do seus segmentos e grupos sociais, e, por isso mesmo, mais potencializadora das atividades regionais e mais afinada com a visão de Desenvolvimento para enfrentar as tendências da Globalização frente ao aprofundamento das desigualdades regionais e sociais.
A língua inglesa na ETFC: Um Projeto em Busca da Competência Comunicativa e da Visão "Cross Cultural"
Authors: Monteiro Cibele Daher Botelho
Published: August 2013

Segundo R. R. Allen, “a comunicação serve para cinco objetivos principais: informar, expressar sentimentos, imaginar, influenciar e satisfazer expectativas sociais”. Ensinar uma língua, portanto, não se resume ao estudo de regras lingüísticas, mas refere-se ao desenvolvimento da competência comunicativa, fator indispensável e que justifica a existência dos códigos lingüísticos. No caso do ensino da língua inglesa em um contexto não-nativo, não podemos deixar também de considerar a visão “Cross Cultural” (do cruzamento entre as culturas) que reforça o pluralismo cultural e lingüístico que hoje reveste esta língua, e também norteia toda a prática realizada pelos professores de inglês da Escola Técnica Federal de Campos.
Coreografrando a semiótica
Authors: Sendra Arlete Parrilha
Published: August 2013

A Semiótica está presente em todas as áreas e em todos os níveis de conhecimento, ainda que muitos não saiba, que estão trabalhando com semioses. Daí a necessidade de coreografá-la para que em seu movimento os semioticistas se reconheçam.
Contribuição marxiana e gramasciana para a educação profissional
Authors: Gomes Luiz Claudio Gonçalves
Published: August 2013

No presente artigo, abordamos a pedagogia socialista e trazemos para a discussão uma possível pedagogia marxiana. Abordamos, à luz de Gramsci, a defesa da escola unitária com crítica à tradicional divisão entre escolas humanísticas e escolas técnicas.
Impactos da poluição química ambiental na saúde da população
Authors: Schunk-Vasconcellos Erik , Minayo-Gomes Carlos
Published: August 2013

Este trabalho aborda a questão do risco decorrente de indústrias que produzem, trasnportam, armazenam, consomem ou despejam produtos químicos tóxicos em regiões povoadas. Discute-se o risco da contaminação humana decorrente da poluição industrial gerada regularmente, ilustrando com alguns exemplos de ocorrências de grande expressão como as de Donora (EUA) e a da Baía de Minimata (Japão). Apresentam-se também os riscos dos acidentes químicos, em especial nos países periféricos, onde esses eventos causam danos de maior gravidade, devido à deficiente regulamentação sobre poluição ambiental industrial e aos processos e relações de trabalho nesses países. Aponta-se a necessidade de o Estado e as insdústrias assumirem suas responsabilidades na amenização dos riscos derivados do manuseio do produtos químicos tóxicos, particularmente, quando um grande contingente populacional pode ser atingido, como aconteceu nos acidentes de Seveso(Ítalia) e Bophal (Índia).
Escola viva
Authors: Cunha Hélia Coelho Mello
Published: August 2013

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Escravidão interna na África, antes do tráfico negreiro
Authors: Souza Talita Tavares Batista Amaral de
Published: August 2013

O artigo que segue tem como principal objetivo fazer uma leitura panorâmica histórica da realidade cultural, social e política da África, antes do século XV, portanto, anterior ao impacto do tráfico negreiro no Oceano Atlântico. Revisando autores especializados como: Paul Lovejoy, Claude Meillassoux, Rolland Oliver, João José Reis, Alberto Costa e Silva, tentaremos mostrar a especificidade da cultura africana, refletindo sobre a gênese da escravidão na África, o conceito de escravidão, a natureza da escravidão doméstica ou de linhagem e a formação de Estados africanos produtores de escravos.
Émile Durkheim: Contribuições para se pensar a sociedade
Authors: Lemos Linovaldo Miranda , Gusmão Bernadette Barbeitas
Published: August 2013

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar a teoria sociológica elaborada por Émile Durkheim a partir de duas de suas mais importantes obras: “Da Divisão do Trabalho Social” e “O Suicídio”. Em que se pese os limites do seu pensamento – e as críticas daí advindas – o presente autor contribuiu de forma decisiva para a consolidação da sociologia enquanto ciência, bem como forneceu subsídios valiosos para a compreensão da sociedade. Não sem motivos, figura ao lado de Karl Marx e Max Weber, como um dos pilares do pensamento sociológico clássico.
Da materialidade do texto à constituição do leitor: A prática interacionista da leitura como ponto de partida para a instigação sócio-cognitiva
Authors: Gomes Maria Lúcia Moreira
Published: August 2013

Ler e escrever têm constituído atividades sobre as quais deitam olhos o professor e a educação como um todo, atribuindo-se a estas atividades importância primeira no que diz respeito à educação. No entanto, vemos perpetuar práticas de leitura cujo único objetivo tem sido a decodificação de sinais com pouca ou nenhuma preocupação com o aspecto interacionista na relação texto/leitor. Perde-se, portanto, aí sim, o foco maior da educação que é a formação de um leitor que consiga associar a leitura imposta à leitura de mundo, suscitando reflexões permanentes que possam imprimir mudança de comportamento.
Prevalência e Características do Tabagismo entre Universitários de Instituições Públicas e Privadas da Cidade de Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ
Authors: Barros Érika Robaina de , Lima Rodrigo Maciel
Published: August 2013

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a prevalência do tabagismo de uma amostra de universitários de Instituições públicas e privadas da cidade de Campos dos Goytacazes. Participaram da pesquisa 600 estudantes, os quais responderam a um questionário. Da amostra estudada, 85,5% eram não fumantes, 5,5% eram ex-fumantes e 9,0% eram fumantes. Entre os fumantes a faixa etária de início do consumo de cigarros teve maior percentual entre 16 e 17 anos (38,9%), e a curiosidade foi o motivo mais citado (55,6%) para terem começado a fumar. Diante desse quadro, propõem-se a adoção de medidas antitabágicas pela instituição escolar.
O estudante do ensino superior: identificando categorias de análise
Authors: Moraes Carlos Antonio de Souza , Botelho Thaynara Moreira , Fonseca Thuanny Alves , Almeida Danielle de Oliveira , Bastos Joelma Candido
Published: August 2013

Por meio e revisão de literatura objetiva-se identificar categorias que contribuam para analisar a atual situação dos estudantes do ensino superior brasileiro. A relevância desta proposta está em pensar a educação no Brasil e contribuir para os debates acerca da reformulação de currículos dos cursos de graduação. Para tanto, utiliza indicadores nacionais, não desconsiderando a realidade internacional. Já no âmbito local, apresenta uma proposta em operacionalização na UFF/Campos. Os resultados demonstram que o trabalho, a família, a assistência estudantil, além das características gerais do estudante (origem socioeconômica, perfil, relação com a universidade, etc.) são categorias fundamentais para análise de tal realidade.
Proposta de um modelo de análise do valor de ativos estratégicos
Authors: Moron Macadar Jaime Adrian , Moron de Macadar Beky
Published: August 2013

Este ensaio teórico, de caráter exploratório, propõe um modelo teórico de análise de ativos estratégicos que é ilustrado com base em dados secundários e documentais coletados sobre o caso da marca Ortopé. Com base na teoria schumpeteriana da dinâmica econômica e a contribuição da visão baseada em recursos, destaca-se o papel dos recursos estratégicos como fonte de valorização das empresas. Advoga-se que o controle sobre alguns recursos específicos repercute no controle indireto dos demais recursos necessários à composição de uma unidade produtiva rentável, tornando tais recursos estratégicos. O modelo proposto relaciona a dimensão tecnológico-organizacional às dimensões institucional e mercadológica, utilizando-se a noção de valor dos economistas clássicos como elo de ligação. Considerando essas três dimensões de análise, os recursos estratégicos, ao mesmo tempo em que cumprem sua função como recurso, também capturam os benefícios econômicos gerados pela combinação de todos os demais recursos detidos pela empresa. Com base nesse modelo, foram analisados os fundamentos econômicos que sustentaram o elevado preço de venda da marca Ortopé. A sua venda, em virtude das características que a cercaram, oferece uma perspectiva concreta para a análise do valor de uma marca com base no modelo proposto e permite diferenciar o complexo de recursos e capacitações que geram valor dos recursos estratégicos que capturam valor econômico para a organização, sendo estes últimos capazes de serem transacionados por preços mais elevados. Conclui-se que esse modelo é aplicável a casos que envolvam quaisquer ativos estratégicos, não apenas aqueles associados a uma marca comercial, contanto que possuam as características de apropriabilidade necessárias para converter o valor econômico gerado pela organização em valor de mercado.
High frequency of intermediate alleles on huntington disease‐associated haplotypes in British Columbia's general population
Authors: Semaka Alicia , Kay Chris , Doty Crystal N. , Collins Jennifer A. , Tam Natalie , Hayden Michael R.
Published: August 2013

Intermediate alleles (27–35 CAG, IAs) for Huntington disease (HD) usually do not confer the disease phenotype but are prone to CAG repeat instability. Consequently, offspring are at‐risk of inheriting an expanded allele in the HD range (≥36 CAG). IAs that expand into a new mutation have been hypothesized to be more susceptible to instability compared to IAs identified on the non‐HD side of a family from the general population. Frequency estimates for IAs are limited and have largely been determined using clinical samples of HD or related disorders, which may result in an ascertainment bias. This study aimed to establish the frequency of IAs in a sample of a British Columbia's (B.C.) general population with no known association to HD and examine the haplotype of new mutation and general population IAs. CAG sizing was performed on 1,600 DNA samples from B.C.'s general population. Haplotypes were determined using 22 tagging SNPs across the HTT gene. 5.8% of individuals were found to have an IA, of which 60% were on HD‐associated haplotypes. There was no difference in the haplotype distribution of new mutation and general population IAs. These findings suggest that IAs are relatively frequent in the general population and are often found on haplotypes associated with expanded CAG lengths. There is likely no difference in the propensity of new mutation and general population IAs to expand into the disease range given that they are both found on disease‐associated haplotypes. These findings have important implications for clinical practice. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optimization‐based group performance deducing
Authors: Lv Lei , Mao Tianlu , Liu Xuecheng , Wang Zhaoqi
Published: August 2013

Large‐scale group performance animation has been an important research topic because of its diverse range of applications including virtual rehearsal and film production. Animating hundreds of virtual actors as what the director wishes is a tough task. In this paper, we address this challenge by introducing an optimization method that generates large‐scale group performance by deducing a small‐scale one with fewer actors. We introduced group motion bigraph technique and transformed the motion‐deducing problem into a constrained optimization problem. A solving process is then presented to automatically obtain the motion of the large group with velocity constraints. Moreover, an interactive system of constructing the group motion bigraph has been implemented, which provides flexible edit and control on deducing group motion. The animation results show that our method is competent for deducing large‐scale group performance from only several motion clips performed by small groups. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Mannich Reaction: A Versatile and Convenient Approach to Bioactive Skeletons.
Authors: Subramaniapillai Selva Ganesan
Published: August 2013

Review: 131 refs.
Change and continuity in the advancement of (scholarly) knowledge and its dissemination
Authors: Hodgkinson Gerard P. , Ford J. Kevin
Published: August 2013

This issue comprises the inaugural IRIOP Annual Review Issue, following the incorporation of the International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology (IRIOP) into the Journal of Organizational Behavior (JOB). In this editorial, we explain our rationale for transforming the IRIOP series from a long‐established, highly successful invitation‐only edited volume to a double‐blind, peer reviewed issue of the JOB, and outline our vision for its continuing development as the leading outlet for the publication of critical, state‐of‐the‐art overviews and commentary on established knowledge and developments at the forefront of the field. In so doing, we clarify the sorts of contributions we are looking to publish, exemplified by the seven papers appearing in this first issue. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microbial and chemical properties of Cambodian traditional fermented fish products
Authors: Chuon Mony R , Shiomoto Mimoe , Koyanagi Takashi , Sasaki Tetsuya , Michihata Toshihide , Chan Sarun , Mao Sopheareth , Enomoto Toshiki
Published: August 2013

BACKGROUND

Fermented fish products, commonly consumed in south‐east Asia, are used as condiments that contribute to people's nutritional sources and as seasonings to improve food taste and flavour. Among these, the Cambodian products prahok (fish paste), kapi (shrimp paste) and toeuk trey (fish sauce) have not been examined in detail. This is the first study to investigate their chemical and microbial properties.

RESULTS

Acetic acid was the most common organic acid with the highest concentration in 10/13 samples (1.9–26.6 g kg−1). Lactic acid was also found at high concentrations (0.4–12.9 g kg−1). 16S ribosomal RNA gene‐dependent phylogenetic analyses indicated that Gram‐positive cocci and rods, such as Bacillus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus and Tetragenococcus, were the major microbial populations. High sodium chloride concentrations detected in these products (170–270 g kg−1) could be responsible for inhibition of the growth of Gram‐negative putrefactive microorganisms.

CONCLUSION

This study established a relationship between the chemical and microbial compositions of Cambodian fermented fish products, which provides a basis for preservation and maturation. These data could be beneficial in the manufacturing of these products in terms of microbial control and quality stabilisation. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry