bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sperm Storage and Artificial Insemination in Honey Bees
Authors: ÖZKÖK Arda Onur , SELCUK Murat
Published: May 2020

To obtain the expected yield from a honeybee colony, queen bee is required to have high egg capacity, the colony is also expected to be resistant to diseases, to have a low tendency for swarming, to be resistant to looting, and to be able to adapt to the climatic conditions of the region. In this context, it is important to protect the pure bee races and to improve them by conducting breeding research. To maintain the high yield aspect of honeybee colony, the queen bee needs to be replaced at most every 2 years. Queen bee becomes adult in as short as 16 days after hatching, and mating is realized in the air outside the colony, which makes it difficult to preserve the genetic line of the queen bee. At this point, artificial insemination and protection of gene resources become important. Honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) sperm can be stored for short and long periods. However, due to the delicate structure and biology of honey bee sperm, the high success rate in mammals could not be achieved in storing bee sperm. Due to the genetic damage exposed during the freezing of honey bee sperm, long-term storage difficulties are experienced. In addition, the concentration, motility and viability of spermatozoa decrease due to the short-term storage and storage conditions. In the breeding studies in the same region, after a period of time, gene resources decrease, and accordingly, the risk of inbreeding occurs. Instead of replacing the bee colonies that are at risk of inbreeding, a new different genome addition to the colony whose current yield characteristics are known can be made through the sperm storage of other colonies. Thanks to the long-term storage of sperm, long-period genetic studies can be carried out as in mammals, which is important for improving yield characteristics genetically. In addition, the long-term storage of honeybee sperm is a hope for the protection of regional races that are in danger of extinction due to unconsciousness and improper breeding policies.
CPD - Chest pain and breathlessness
Authors: Iliadou Kassiani
Published: May 2020

Presentation

A 74-year-old man presented to the emergency department with chest pain, breathlessness and abdominal discomfort for 2 days. His chest X-ray is given below. Can you identify the main findings in this X-ray?
LIETUVOS ELEKTRONINIŲ PARDUOTUVIŲ FINANSINIO PASIRENGIMO DAUGIAKRITERINIS VERTINIMAS ELEKTRONINĖS
PINIGINĖS FUNKCIONALUMUI ĮGYVENDINTI
Authors: Kiškienė Paulina , Stankevičienė Jelena
Published: May 2020

Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos elektroninės piniginės, kaip finansinės technologijų ir inovacijų
pavyzdys, bei kokie veiksniai lemia jų atsiradimo galimybes Lietuvos elektroniniame versle. Analizuojama elektroninės
piniginės sandara, saugumo aspektai, elektroninės parduotuvės privalumai ir trūkumai, bei pateikiama fizinės ir
elektroninės parduotuvių lyginamoji analizė. Detaliai analizuojami pagrindiniai veiksniai, darantys įtaką elektroninės
piniginės funkcijos paleidimui Lietuvos elektroninėse parduotuvėse. Tyrimo tikslas – remiantis atlikta analizę,
pasiūlyti elektroninių piniginių finansinio pasirengimo daugiakriterio vertinimo modelį, remiantis TOPSIS ir EDAS
metodais, bei empiriškai patikrinti pasirinktų Lietuvos elektroninių parduotuvių pasirengimą elektroninės piniginės
funkcionalumo įgyvendinimui. Didelę įtaką pasirinktiems tyrimo metodams ir gautiems rezultatams sudaro įmonių duomenų
ribotas prieinamumas. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė, kad Lietuvoje elektroninis verslas nėra tinkamai pasirengęs tokioms
inovacijoms, kaip elektroninė piniginė, dėl finansinio nestabilumo (visos tyrimui pasirinktos įmonės dirba nuostolingai),
ir to, kad šios funkcijos neturi nei viena el. parduotuvė Lietuvoje.
Evidence for He i 10830 Å Absorption during the Transit of a Warm Neptune around the M-dwarf GJ 3470 with the Habitable-zone Planet Finder
Authors: Ninan Joe P. , Stefansson Gudmundur , Mahadevan Suvrath , Bender Chad , Robertson Paul , Ramsey Lawrence , Terrien Ryan , Wright Jason , Diddams Scott A. , Kanodia Shubham , Cochran William , Endl Michael , Ford Eric B. , Fredrick Connor , Halverson Samuel , Hearty Fred , Jennings Jeff , Kaplan Kyle , Lubar Emily , Metcalf Andrew J. , Monson Andrew , Nitroy Colin , Roy Arpita , Schwab Christian
Published: May 2020

Understanding the dynamics and kinematics of outflowing atmospheres of hot and warm exoplanets is crucial to understanding the origins and evolutionary history of the exoplanets near the evaporation desert. Recently, ground-based measurements of the meta-stable helium atom’s resonant absorption at 10830 Å has become a powerful probe of the base environment which is driving the outflow of exoplanet atmospheres. We report evidence for the He i 10830 Å in absorption (equivalent width ∼0.012 ± 0.002 Å) in the exosphere of a warm Neptune orbiting the M-dwarf GJ 3470, during three transits using the Habitable Zone Planet Finder near-infrared spectrograph. This marks the first reported evidence for He i 10830 Å atmospheric absorption for a planet orbiting an M-dwarf. Our detected absorption is broad and its blueshifted wing extends to −36 km s−1, the largest reported in the literature to date. We modeled the state of helium atoms in the exosphere of GJ3470b based on assumptions on the UV and X-ray flux of GJ 3470, and found our measurement of flux-weighted column density of meta-stable state helium

, derived from our transit observations, to be consistent with the model, within its uncertainties. The methodology developed here will be useful to study and constrain the atmospheric outflow models of other exoplanets like GJ 3470b, which are near the edge of the evaporation desert.
A comparative description of the mesosomal musculature in Sphecidae and Ampulicidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) using 3D techniques
Authors: Willsch Maraike , Friedrich Frank , Baum Daniel , Jurisch Ivo , Ohl Michael
Published: May 2020

Conflicting hypotheses about the relationships among the major lineages of aculeate Hymenoptera clearly show the necessity of detailed comparative morphological studies. Using micro-computed tomography and 3D reconstructions, the skeletal musculature of the meso- and metathorax and the first and second abdominal segment in Apoidea are described. Females ofSceliphron destillatorium, Sphex (Fernaldina) lucae (both Sphecidae), andAmpulex compressa(Ampulicidae) were examined. The morphological terminology provided by the Hymenoptera Anatomy Ontology is used. Up to 42 muscles were found. The three species differ in certain numerical and structural aspects. Ampulicidae differs significantly from Sphecidae in the metathorax and the anterior abdomen. The metapleural apodeme and paracoxal ridge are weakly developed in Ampulicidae, which affect some muscular structures. Furthermore, the muscles that insert on the coxae and trochanters are broader and longer in Ampulicidae. A conspicuous characteristic of Sphecidae is the absence of the metaphragma. Overall, we identified four hitherto unrecognized muscles. Our work suggests additional investigations on structures discussed in this paper.
The Nepalese species of the genus Enicospilus Stephens, 1835 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ophioninae): a preliminary revision and identification key to species
Authors: Shimizu So
Published: May 2020

A total of 10 species of Enicospilus (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ophioninae) have previously been reported from Nepal. Six new species are described here (E. alleni Shimizu sp. nov., E. kakanicus Shimizu sp. nov., E. nepalensis Shimizu sp. nov., E. nikami Shimizu sp. nov., E. phulchokiensis Shimizu sp. nov., and E. tangi Shimizu sp. nov.), and 10 are newly recorded (E. ashbyi Ashmead, 1904, E. bifasciatus (Uchida, 1928), E. capensis (Thunberg, 1824), E. flavocephalus (Kirby, 1900), E. formosensis (Uchida, 1928), E. grammospilus (Enderlein, 1921), E. pudibundae (Uchida, 1928), E. purifenestratus (Enderlein, 1921), E. yonezawanus (Uchida, 1928), and E. zebrus Gauld & Mitchell, 1981) from Nepal. A preliminary identification key to the Nepalese species of Enicospilus is provided. The elevational pattern of Nepalese Enicospilus is briefly discussed. Enicospilus purifenestratus is also recorded for the first time from Brunei.
Review on the book Nuclear Doping of Semiconductor Materials
Authors: Sobolev Nikolai A.
Published: May 2020

Review on the book Kharchenko V. A., Smirnov L. S., Solov’ev S. P., Stas’ V. F. Nuclear Doping of Semiconductor Materials (second edition, revised). Executive Editor, Dr. Sci. (Engineering) V.A. Kharchenko
Une sommation utopique pour notre temps
Authors: Manale Margaret
Published: May 2020

La revue Lignes rend hommage à Miguel Abensour, disparu en 2017, avec un recueil de textes qui constitue un bilan des travaux de cet universitaire et éditeur, qualifié à juste titre de « penseur libertaire ». Les dix-sept contributions mettent diversement en valeur les raisonnements et les refus d’Abensour face aux courants d’idées dominantes de notre époque, de gauche comme de droite. Plutôt que d’« enseigner Abensour » nous nous sommes efforcée, au travers les textes de Monique Rouillé-Boireau et de Louis Janover, de sensibiliser le lecteur quant à cette « sommation utopique », sous-jacente à l’ensemble de ses travaux, et qui nous invite à revoir l’utopie comme résistance à la domination et lutte pour une communauté égalitaire, à construire en rapport avec les idées d’émancipation.
Effect of Rotation on Frontal Plane Deformity in Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Göçen Sedat , Havitçioglu Hasan
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT

To analyze the effect of rotation on frontal plane deformity in idiopathic scoliosis, 44 patients with idiopathic scoliosis aged 11 to 18 years were examined using standing anteroposterior and true AP radiographs. Axial rotation was measured by computed tomography. Patients were divided into two groups according to Cobb angle: patients with angles <30° comprised group 1 and patients with angles >30° comprised group 2. Cobb angle increased with true-AP projection a mean of 21 .2% in group 1 and 1 6.7% in group 2. Rotation degree was significantly correlated with increasing degree of frontal plane deformity (P<.01) in group 1 but not in group 2 (P>.05). These results demonstrate the influence of rotation over frontal plane deformity and is more apparent at curves >30°.
Choroidal Neovascularization in Children: Report of Five Cases and Literature Review
Authors: Wilson M Edward , Mazur David O
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT

Choroidal neovascularization is rare in the pediatric population. It has been associated in this age group with a variety of conditions. Increasing ability to treat these neovascular lesions with laser photocoagulation makes early recognition very important for visual preservation.

An overview is presented, including an updated list of conditions associated with choroidal neovascularization in children and adolescents. Guidelines to recognition, parent and patient instructions, and the selective use of fluorescein angiography are emphasized. Five illustrative cases are highlighted, including a 10-year-old boy successfully treated with krypton laser photocoagulation near the fovea.
Adapting the European Health Literacy Survey for Fourth-Grade Students in Germany: Questionnaire Development and Qualitative Pretest
Authors: Bollweg Torsten Michael , Okan Orkan , Pinheiro Paulo , Bröder Janine , Bruland Dirk , Freţian Alexandra Maria , Domanska Olga Maria , Jordan Susanne , Bauer Ullrich
Published: May 2020

Background:

Promoting health literacy in early life is regarded as an important means of sustaining health literacy and health over the life course. However, little evidence is available on children's health literacy, partly due to a scarcity of suitable measurement tools. Although there are 18 tools to measure specific items of health literacy for people younger than age 13 years, there is a lack of comparable, valid, and age-appropriate measures of generic health literacy.

Objective:

This study aimed to develop and qualitatively test an age-adapted version of the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q) for German-speaking children age 9 and 10 years. Although validated for adults and adolescents, the HLS-EU-Q has never been age-adapted or used with children.

Methods:

The content and language of HLS-EU-Q items were adapted for this age range. The literature was consulted to inform this process, and adaptations were developed and selected based on consensus among authors. From an item pool of 102 adapted items, 37 were given to 30 fourth-grade students in a cognitive pretest, which is a standard procedure in questionnaire development aiming to explore how items are interpreted. Participants (18 girls, 12 boys) were mostly age 9 or 10 years (range, 9–11 years).

Key Results:

Problems with misinterpretation were identified for some items and participants (e.g., items designed to assess participants' perceived difficulty in accessing and appraising health information were partly answered on the basis of knowledge and experience). A final selection of 26 well-performing items corresponded to the underlying HLS-EU-Q framework.

Conclusions:

This is the first age-adapted version of the HLS-EU-Q. A preliminary 26-item questionnaire was successfully developed that performed well in a cognitive pretest. However, further research needs to verify its validity and reliability. The present findings help to advance the measurement of generic self-reported health literacy in children and highlight the need for cognitive pretesting as an essential part of questionnaire development

. [
HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2020;4(2):e119–e128.]

Plain Language Summary:

The European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire is used for testing adults' health literacy. It was adapted for German-speaking children age 9 and 10 years. Based on a review of the original items and the literature, 26 questionnaire items were developed and tested in interviews with 30 children. Although problems with understanding could be identified, the questionnaire was mostly well understood.
Don Quijote y el diálogo de la novela
Authors: Gómez Jesús
Published: May 2020

No disponible.
El triunfo de Don Quijote: una máscara estudiantil burlesca de 161O y otras invenciones
Authors: Buezo Catalina
Published: May 2020

No disponible.
El cronotopo de la novela española de peregrinación: Miguel de Cervantes
Authors: Deffis de Calvo Emilia I.
Published: May 2020

No disponible.
La providencia divina en Cervantes
Authors: Bañeza Román Celso
Published: May 2020

No disponible.
«Las Meninas» y «El Quijote» o los planos de la representación
Authors: Zanetta María Alejandra
Published: May 2020

No disponible.
Los destinos de don Quijote en Checoslovaquia
Authors: Štěpánek Pavel
Published: May 2020

No disponible.
Una recuperación: Las semanas del jardín, de Miguel de Cervantes
Authors: Cruz Casado Antonio
Published: May 2020

No disponible.
Aventura fingida y aventura verdadera: Roque Guinart frente a don Quijote
Authors: García Santo-Tomás Enrique
Published: May 2020

No disponible.
Proyecto de catalogación retrospectiva en la Universidad Carlos III
Authors: Bustelo Ruesta C. , Alonso Rodríguez P. , Taladriz Mas M.
Published: May 2020

La Biblioteca de la UCAR III, debido a las circunstancias de su creación y rápido desarrollo, ha tenido que afrontar un proyecto de catalogación retrospectiva. Utilizando los servicios de la empresa Gabinete de Asesores Documentalistas, S. A., el proceso se abordó con una fase de preparación inicial que incluía la clasificación e indización para la realización de una estadística previa y la redacción del manual de procedimiento. Se utilizaron diversas modalidades de proceso. Una de ellas fue la importación de registros de Bibliofile y de Bibliografia Española, obteniendo muy distintos resultados según la materia de la que trate el fondo.
Desarrollo de la colección de publicaciones periódicas en una biblioteca especializada o centro de documentación
Authors: Fernández Ferreras J. , Garcia Caballero R. , Guzmán Aparicio A. , Hernández Calonge L. , Prieto Alonso J. A.
Published: May 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es hacer una selección de las publicaciones periódicas básicas que una biblioteca especializada debe contener, en este caso en el área de Biomedicina. La metodología empleada es aplicable a publicaciones periódicas de cualquier campo temático y consistió en el acceso, consulta, comparación y análisis de las distintas bases de datos especializadas, tanto en soporte CD-ROM, como impreso o magnético. Se extrajo una lista de títulos indizados por estas bases de datos y se procedió a la comparación, confrontación y análisis de los títulos obtenidos. La selección de revistas obtenida se comparó con la del Journal Citation Reports para analizar en qué medida se aproximan ambos listados.
La investigación histórica sobre el franquismo: un análisis de su productividad en las revistas españolas (1976-1992)
Authors: Rubio Liniers M. C. , Ruiz Franco M. del R.
Published: May 2020

Estudio del período histórico denominado «franquismo» (1939-1975) a través de la producción historiográfica de las revistas españolas recogidas en la base ISOC, desde 1976 hasta 1992. A partir del análisis de los datos, se presentan resultados en los siguientes aspectos: producción por materias y épocas (primer franquismo, segundo franquismo), productividad por años, valoración de revistas y autores más prolíficos.
Modelo conceptual de un sistema de información documental
Authors: Codina L.
Published: May 2020

Según el modelo conceptual que se expone aquí, un sistema de información documental es un sistema de información especializado en la explotación del conocimiento, concretamente del conocimiento registrado en documentos cognitivos. Tal clase de sistemas aceptan documentos y necesidades de información como entradas y, tras un proceso de transformación, producen personas informadas como salida.
The Abundance and Availability of Cytokine Receptor IL-2Rβ (CD122) Constrain the Lymphopenia-Induced Homeostatic Proliferation of Naive CD4 T Cells
Authors: Keller Hilary R. , Kim Hye Kyung , Jo Yuna , Gress Ronald E. , Hong Changwan , Park Jung-Hyun
Published: May 2020

Lymphopenia-induced homeostatic proliferation (LIP) is a critical mechanism for restoring T cell immunity upon lymphodepleting insults or infections. LIP is primarily driven by homeostatic cytokines, such as IL-7 and IL-15, but not all T cells respond with the same efficiency to homeostatic proliferative cues. Although CD8 T cells vigorously proliferate under lymphopenic conditions, naive CD4 T cells are substantially impaired in their response to homeostatic cytokines, and they fail to fully expand. In this study, we show that the availability of IL-2Rβ (CD122), which is a receptor subunit shared by IL-2 and IL-15, affects both the cytokine responsiveness and the LIP of naive CD4 T cells in the mouse. The enumeration of surface IL-2Rβ molecules on murine naive CD4 and naive CD8 T cells revealed a 5-fold difference in IL-2Rβ abundance. Notably, it was the limited availability of IL-2Rβ that impaired CD4 T cell responsiveness to IL-15 and suppressed their LIP. As such, forced IL-2Rβ expression on CD4 T cells by transgenesis bestowed IL-15 responsiveness onto naive CD4 T cells, which thus acquired the ability to undergo robust LIP. Collectively, these results identify IL-2Rβ availability as a new regulatory mechanism to control cytokine responsiveness and the homeostatic proliferation of murine CD4 T cells.
Enhancing Intrinsic Motivation in Physical Activity through Quantified-self Data Sharing
Authors: Yang Nan , Van Hout Gerbrand , Feijs Loe , Chen Wei , Hu Jun
Published: May 2020

INTRODUCTION: Quantified-self application is widely used in sports and health management; the type and amount of data that can be detected and fed back to the user are growing rapidly. However, only a few studies discussed the social attributes of quantified-self data, especially in the context of cycling.OBJECTIVES: To design and evaluate SocialBike - a digitally augmented bicycle that aims to increase user’s motivation in physical activity by showing their quantified-self data to each other.METHODS: We conducted a within-subject experiment on a cycling simulation system with 20 participants. The on-bike display of SocialBike was compared to a control display to evaluate its impact on two dependent variables, including user’s intrinsic motivation in physical activity and social relatedness with other cyclists nearby. Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) was used to measure users’ self-reported intrinsic motivation and social relatedness. The user’s cycling behaviour data were also recorded by the simulation system. We extracted six indicators about the two dependent variables from the behaviour data. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews. We conducted a paired sample T-test on both types of quantitative data. Qualitative data were analysed by the method of thematic analysis.RESULTS: The results of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory show that SocialBike’s on-bike display has significant positive effects on four subscales, including intrinsic motivation, perceived competence, values/usefulness, and relatedness. The results of user cycling behaviour indicate that SocialBike increased user’s social relatedness with other cyclists nearby by significantly affecting three indicators. Three themes were identified from qualitative data, including motivation, social interaction, and data visualization. The qualitative result provides supplementary evidence for the quantitative result and additional insights into the overall design of SocialBike.CONCLUSION: SocialBike as a platform for sharing quantified-self data have positive effects in enhancing users’ intrinsic motivation in physical activity and social relatedness with other cyclists nearby.
Stability of valuations and Kollár components
Authors: Li Chi , Xu Chenyang
Published: May 2020

We prove that among all Kollár components obtained by plt blow ups of a klt singularity

o \in (X,D)

, there is at most one that is (log-)K-semistable. We achieve this by showing that if such a Kollár component exists, it uniquely minimizes the normalized volume function introduced in [Li18] among all divisorial valuations. Conversely, we show that any divisorial minimizer of the normalized volume function yields a K-semistable Kollár component. We also prove that for any klt singularity, the infimum of the normalized volume function is always approximated by the normalized volumes of Kollár components.
Evaluation of Financial Management of Towns in relation to Political Cycles using CV-TOPSIS
Authors: Vavrek Roman , Papcunová Viera , Tej Juraj
Published: May 2020

The political cycle and its impact of economy is usually monitored at the macroeconomic level. Nonetheless, abroad studies are emerging which analyzed the impact of the political cycle on economy on the level of territorial self-government. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the impact of the political cycle on  the financial management of municipalities on  a sample of 69 district towns in Slovak Republic in time period 2007-2017. The results point that to significant heterogeneity, whether at the level of individual towns or when comparing the results for individual years. As a result of the differences observed at the level of the political cycles, we analyzed the differences between the results in each year of each political cycle through CV-TOPSIS method. The financial management of the analyzed towns are very diverse and the increase of town´s expenditures is not always linked to the political cycle.
Explaining Unsuccessful Public Administration Reforms in Postsocialist Serbia: The Neoinstitutional Perspective
Authors: Mojić Dušan , Jovančević Jelena
Published: May 2020

Public administration reforms in transition countries of Eastern Europe have gained considerable attention from researchers and practitioners in the recent decades. The main reason for this interest has been the fact that public administration transformation is closely related to the overall process of transition from planned economy and socialism to market economy and capitalism. Public administration has been considered one of the key institutional aspects in modern economies and societies, including the former socialist states of Eastern Europe. According to the neoinstitutional theoretical framework, changes of formal institutions (including public administration) are deeply embedded in informal institutions or culture (represented by informal norms and values). The main aim of the paper has been to explain unsuccessful reforms of public administration in postsocialist Serbia utilizing the propositions of the neoinstitutional approach developed by Richard Scott. The analysis has focused on normative institutional elements – informal norms and values. The survey on a nationally representative sample of citizens of Serbia was conducted in 2016, on the basis of the GLOBE theoretical and methodological principles. The study has confirmed the initial assumption about normative institutional elements (informal norms and values) as the most important obstacles for public administration reforms in Serbia.
The Influence of Financial Literacy on Interest in Investing for the Academic Community of Akademi Keuangan & Bisnis Indonesia Internasional (AKBII), Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Hamka Hamka , Jupri Muhamad , Budiono Ruly
Published: May 2020

This paper aims to analyze the effect of financial literacy on investment interests among academicians. The study was conducted on all four aspects of financial literacy, namely general knowledge of personal finance, savings and loans, insurance, and investment partially and simultaneously on investment decisions from lecturers, employees, and students at the Indonesian International Finance and Business Academy in Bandung. The subjects in this study were lecturers, employees, and active students majoring in management and accounting at the Indonesian International Finance and Business Academy in Bandung with a total number of 240 questionnaire respondents. The results of the analysis show that financial literacy has a strong influence on investment interests for the academics of the Bandung International Finance and Business Academy.
Implementation of Performance Measurement Systems at PT. Pos Indonesian
Authors: Jupri Muhamad , Hamka Hamka , Budiono Ruly
Published: May 2020

This paper aims to carry out performance measurement at PT. Pos Indonesia, which consists of measurements of financial and non-financial performance. The preparation of this paper uses the study method of various literature from various international article sources. Public sector organizations or institutions in implementing their financial and non-financial performance measurements use a variety of steps. Therefore, the managers of PT. Pos Indonesia must adjust the appropriate performance measurement system, such as what will be used by PT. Pos Indonesia, according to the conditions of each PT. Pos Indonesian.
A Review on Fiber Metal Laminates and Their Usage in Aerospace Industry
Authors: GÜLCAN Orhan , TEKKANAT Kazım , ÇETİNKAYA Burhan
Published: May 2020

In todays competitive aerospace environment, it is very important to design and produce aircrafts with high performance and lightweights and in this context, to find new production processes and new production materials. Forth is reason, Fiber metal laminates (FML) developed by Delft University, are special composite materials that can be used as an alternative to the conventional aluminium materials used in aircrafts for their high fatigue resistance. The aim of this study is to provide a broad literature review about the history of FML, their usage areas, variants and properties (static, fatigue, impact, corrosion and thermal resistance) and to suggest research areas in the future.
Klimatik Kontrollü Treyler İçerisindeki Hava Akışının Optimizasyonu
Authors: GÜLER Tayfun , KILIÇ Muhsin
Published: May 2020

Klimatik kontrollü treyler yaş meyve sebze, dondurulmuş ürün ve hayvansal gıdaların taşımacılığında önemli rol oynayan araçlardan biridir. Bu treyler bir soğutucu ünite, izolasyonlu üst yapı ve şasiden oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında genellikle dondurulmuş ürünlerin taşınmasında kullanılan ağır izolasyonlu sınıftaki bir treyler üzerinde çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın temel amacı kabin içi soğutma performansının iyileştirerek taşınan ürünlerin kalitesini arttırmak ve soğutma yüklerini azaltarak yakıt tasarrufu sağlamaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda standart olarak sunulan araç içerisindeki hava akışı modellenmiş ve görülen eksiklikleri giderecek bir tasarım yapılmıştır. Daha sonra yapılan analizler gerçek araç modelleri üzerinde yapılan testlerde doğrulanmıştır. Son olarak ilk yapılan tasarımda iyileştirme yapılmış ve farklı bir hava dağıtım metodolojisi düşünülmüştür ve modellenmiştir. Sonuçlar birbiri ile kıyaslanmış ve araç içi hava akışında elde edilen iyileştirmeler gösterilmiştir. Çalışma sonunda, havanın yeni tasarlanan kanallar vasıtasıyla aktarılması sayesinde soğuma performansının arttığı ve araç içi sıcaklık dağılımının homojen hale geldiği görülmüştür.
Plastik Parçaların Montajında Kullanılan Geçmeli Bağlantılar İçin Takma Çıkarma Yüklerinin İki Boyutlu Sonlu Elemanlar Analizleri Yardımıyla Belirlenmesi
Authors: BAHAR İlker , ŞEN Nejdet
Published: May 2020

Günümüzde üretilen araçların hemen hemen hepsinde iç döşeme, araç dış stili, kapılar vb. gibi alt montaj gruplarında yer alan plastik parçaların montajı için vidalama ve yapıştırmanın yanında çoğunlukla esneyebilen ve takıldığında kilitlenen geçmeli tırnak ya da buton bağlantıları kullanılmaktadır. Bu tip bağlantıların kullanılmasıyla, ilgili plastik parça sökülebilir ve değiştirebilir hale gelmektedir. Tam da bu noktada, tırnak ya da buton bağlantıları için montaj ve demontaj esnasında oluşan takma-çıkarma yüklerinin hesabı, tasarım ve sonrasındaki doğrulama ile kullanım ömrü için en önemli parametre olmaktadır. Farklı tasarım alternatiflerinin en az prototip ve en hızlı şekilde değerlendirilebilmesi için sonlu elemanlar yöntemlerinden faydalanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, araç iç döşemesinde kullanılan plastik bir kaplamaya ait tırnak bağlantısı için takma çıkarma yükleri iki boyutlu sonlu elemanlar analizleri yardımıyla belirlenmiştir.
Assessing Spanish Proficiency of Online Language Learners after Year 1
Authors: Aldrich Rosalie S. , Moneypenny Dianne
Published: May 2020

Online (OL) second language (L2) courses are becoming more widely offered in the United States; however, little information exists about the effectiveness of OL L2 courses beyond one semester or course. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess Spanish students’ oral proficiency after completing one year of OL only L2 courses. At the end of year one, students (n=65) completed the Versant exam, which scored overall level of oral proficiency as well as four sub-categories: pronunciation, fluency, sentence formation, and vocabulary production. The results showed that 40% of OL Spanish students met the ACTFL benchmark of Intermediate-Low, while 49% scored Novice-High, one level below the benchmark. A portion (15%) of students not reaching Intermediate-Low scored within a few points of the benchmark. A majority of the students also met the benchmark for pronunciation and fluency, but not for sentence formation or vocabulary production. These results show that it is possible for students enrolled exclusively in online Spanish language classes to meet benchmarks. Thus, OL language students can and should be held to the same standards of oral proficiency as their peers in seated classrooms.
A freely-available system for browser-based Q&A practice in English, with speech recognition
Authors: O'Brien Myles
Published: May 2020

A browser-based system to facilitate practice in asking and answering simple questions in English was developed. The user may ask or answer by speaking or typing and the computer’s output is in the form of speech and / or text. The types of questions handled and the permitted vocabulary are limited, though the vocabulary items may be edited freely. The system was well received in a small pilot study among Japanese students. It is freely available for download, and requires no technical expertise to deploy, just the facilities and ability to edit text files and upload to the internet.
The Linguacuisine Project: A Cooking-based Language Learning Application
Authors: Seedhouse Paul
Published: May 2020

In this article, we present the Linguacuisine app, which was a product of the Erasmus Plus-funded project ‘Linguacuisine’.
Evaluation of Gokshuradi Guggulu and Guduchi Churna in the Management of Type II Diabetes Mellitus (Madhumeha)
Authors: Mangal Anil , Jadhav Ankush D , Ota Sarada , Khanduri Shruti , Sharma Bhagwan Sahay , Rana Rakesh , Srikanth Narayanam
Published: May 2020

Background:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become an increasing global health problem among all socioeconomic groups, leading to various complications such as nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy which are responsible for morbidity and mortality. Ayurvedic approach to pathogenesis of Madhumeha can provide solution in managing the incidence of diabetes among population by using various preparations. Gokshuradi Guggulu and Guduchi Churna are such Ayurvedic preparations.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of Gokshuradi Guggulu and Guduchi Churna in the management of type II DM using Diabetes Symptom Questionnaire (DSQ) score, short-form health survey (SF-36) score, and laboratory investigation.

Materials and methods:

It was an open-label, prospective, clinical trial conducted on 50 patients of type II DM (Madhumeha).Gokshuradi Guggulu 1 g (two tablets of 500 mg) twice daily after food (chew the tablets before swallowing) and Guduchi Churna 3 g twice daily after food with lukewarm water for 12 weeks were given to all study participants. The DSQ was assessed with the help of Visual Analog Scale (VAS; 0–10). Health-related quality of life was recorded at baseline and end of the 84th day by using RAND-36 items SF-36 questionnaire. In laboratory investigations, blood sugar levels, hematological parameters, renal function tests, liver function test, lipid profile, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were performed at baseline and at the end of 84th day for efficacy and safety evaluation of the drugs.

Results:

The DSQ score and clinical symptoms reduced significantly from baseline to the end of the treatment in 50 subjects aged between 30 years and 60 years of both sexes. The RAND SF-36 health survey showed an improvement in quality of life of all the participants.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated the effectiveness of Gokshuradi Guggulu along with Guduchi Churna in the management of type II DM.
Informação e patrimônio cultural LGBT: as mobilizações em torno da patrimonialização da Parada do Orgulho LGBT de São Paulo
Authors: Britto Clovis Carvalho , Machado Rafael dos Santos
Published: May 2020

Objetivo: O artigo investiga as mobilizações em prol da patrimonialização de bens relacionados à comunidade LGBT no Brasil e o modo como o campo da Informação dialoga com essa temática. Compreende que, apesar de nas últimas décadas ter ocorrido uma flexibilização conceitual, quando se trata da seleção, registro e difusão do patrimônio relacionado às práticas e produções culturais da comunidade LGBT, evidenciam-se lacunas, ausências e silenciamentos. Utiliza como estudo de caso as tentativas de reconhecimento da Parada do Orgulho LGBT de São Paulo como patrimônio.    Método: Pesquisa de caráter descritivo e exploratório com abordagem qualitativa, sendo analisados dois tipos de fontes: (1) a literatura científica sobre a temática; (2) documentos relativos ao Projeto de Lei n.º 399/2017 da Câmara Municipal de São Paulo e ao Projeto de Lei n.º 176/2015 da Assembleia Legislativa de São Paulo.  Resultado: Explicita as transformações no campo nacional do Patrimônio, o lugar dos patrimônios LGBT nas produções do campo da Ciência da Informação e da Museologia no Brasil e as mobilizações em torno da tentativa de reconhecimento da Parada do Orgulho LGBT de São Paulo como Patrimônio Cultural Imaterial do Município e do Estado.Conclusões: O artigo destaca a importância de realizar estudos voltados para a comunidade LGBT no campo da Informação, da Museologia e do Patrimônio, observando as reverberações da patrimonialização enquanto um processo informacional.
Bolivia’s "Proceso de Cambio": Adjusting the Ideological Paradigm from Social to Economic
Authors: Mendoza-Botelho Martín
Published: May 2020

Bolivia’s political transition in 2006 represented more than just a transfer of power. It also marked the arrival of a new political, economic and social paradigm. The newly elected leader (Evo Morales Ayma) and his political party, the Movimiento al Socialismo (MAS) brought with them an ambitious agenda for social change. Most of the initial efforts were aimed at responding to electoral promises and the demands from the myriad of social movements that supported Morales’ ticket. As time progressed, the ideological components of the model were refined and transformed from an anti-neoliberal rhetoric to a comprehensive agenda of state reform. Part of the ideological components were rooted in the notion of “Vivir Bien” [Living  Well], which in essence is a balanced approach for development considering human wellbeing in harmony with mother nature. The political challenge, however, has been the transformation of this holistic approach into a practical one and the policy implications that this entails ‒a particularly difficult issue in a country with weak institutional settings and limited state capacity. This article argues that although there have been many gains, particularly in reorienting the notion of the welfare state and in key economic and social areas, the model is still highly dependent on a  neo-patrimonial  state  that relies heavily on a few commodities to support a growing social agenda. Moreover, in the past years the political emphasis and efforts have favored economic reforms over social ones, which might jeopardize the whole model in the not so near future.
The Political Economy of Gas, Soy and Lithium in Morales’s Bolivia
Authors: Fabricant Nicole , Gustafson Bret
Published: May 2020

Bolivia has accomplished some of its goals since Evo Morales was elected president in 2006. It has made advances in expanding inclusion for indigenous peoples and reducing levels of poverty. They have expanded services and infrastructure for the poor and prioritized long-abandoned rural areas. Middle class has grown by more than 10% and both government and the economy have tripled in size. Yet Bolivia remains deeply embedded in extractivist economics. This piece looks at the relationship to global trade and the political paradoxes that gas drilling, soy production and mineral extraction create for the country. Export-oriented dependency have had predictable effects on labor relations, policy planning, and most significantly the lives of people on the ground.
Centroamérica: neoliberalismo y COVID-19
Authors: Díaz Arias David , Viales Hurtado Ronny
Published: May 2020

Este artículo examina la historia reciente de transformaciones políticas y económicas en Centroamérica y la forma en que esas circunstancias determinan la acción frente a la pandemia global por la COVID-19. Nuestro argumento es que en los últimos años, la región centroamericana ha vuelto a tener gobiernos conservadores y de derecha que han consolidado una reforma neoliberal cuyos resultados han sido el crecimiento de la desigualdad y la pobreza en la región. En ese marco, el impacto de la pandemia no solo será en la salud pública, sino en la economía y en la ampliación de la pobreza en Centroamérica. Por eso, las elites deben cambiar su actitud egoísta y autoritaria para poder sortear esa tremenda crisis.
COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan: Containment Failed or Successful?
Authors: Yamazaki Takashi
Published: May 2020

This short article examines key governmental measures against the spread of COVID-19 in Japan from a geopolitical perspective. “Geopolitical” in this article means to see the measures as spatial strategies. At the stage of globalized pandemic, state territoriality or border control is no longer able to effectively control the spread of the virus. Instead, this article argues, multi-scalar intergovernmental coordination is inevitable to tackle the virus moving along increasing trans-border/local human flows. Using the case of Japan, this article overviews how effective social distancing as a spatial strategy has been and illustrates how the limits to such a strategy to control human behavior can affect anti-virus measures. In conclusion, this article argues that the effective devolution of state power to local governments and the strengthening of state supplementary function to sustain local healthcare system and economy would be more desirable than the authoritative concentration of state power in the state of emergency.
Geografía política de los cuidados (O por qué la pandemia del coronavirus confinó a buena parte del Norte global)
Authors: Espinel Vallejo Manuel
Published: May 2020

El objetivo principal de este artículo es poner en evidencia como la pandemia de COVID-19 ha generado una nueva geografía política, en algunos países del Norte global, relacionada con “el gobierno” de los espacios de cuidado. Esta nueva geografía política, que se expresa entonces en hogares, residencias de mayores y los propios centros asistenciales (hospitales), ha obligado a confinar (lockdown) a buena parte de la población del Norte global y ha generado una “especie de cierre económico”, con el consecuente desplome de la economía. Tomando como referencia el caso de España, se afirma que esta nueva geografía política de los cuidados hace emerger las profundas contradicciones que existe entre los espacios de la actividad productiva y los espacios de los cuidados, principalmente en relación con el cuidado de las personas mayores de edad. A partir de un breve recorrido sobre la configuración de los espacios de protección de la salud, de organización de los cuidados y de su crisis, particularmente en la sociedad española, se analizan los últimos datos disponibles sobre el impacto de la COVID-19 en la salud de las personas mayores de 65 años, y se proponen algunas conclusiones que permiten dar cuenta de esta nueva geografía política.
La inexistente respuesta regional a la COVID-19 en América Latina
Authors: Ríos Sierra Jerónimo
Published: May 2020

América Latina afronta la situación de pandemia ocasionada por la COVID-19 desprovista de espacios regionales de consenso y cooperación. El fin de un ciclo expansivo de la economía, sumado a una estructura social maltrecha, con necesidades acuciantes irresolutas, no representa el mejor escenario para hacer frente a la situación de alerta sanitaria. El objetivo de este trabajo es reflexionar sobre estos aspectos, alertando de la inexistencia de una arquitectura regional sólida y sus consecuencias. Para ello, se revisan todos los esquemas regionales del continente y se analiza la manera en la cual se han dispuesto espacios multilaterales para la toma conjunta de decisiones. Así, con la excepción del Sistema de Integración Centroamericano y la Organización Panamericana de Salud, apenas es posible encontrar compromisos regionales más allá del intercambio de información o la preocupación por la reactivación económica.
Greta’s Wrath; or 'quédate en casa', Agamben: COVID-19 and the (Non-)State of Exception
Authors: Oslender Ulrich
Published: May 2020

This essay examines the usefulness (or not) of Agamben’s notion of the state of exception as a framework for understanding the drastic changes to social life brought on by the ongoing coronavirus pandemic. It also considers a number of alternative interpretations – of metaphysical or divine inspiration. COVID-19 has brought on much confusion, and this essay might or might not contribute to dissipating some of it. As always, it’s best to wash our hands.
Confinamiento/aislamiento: del lenguaje preventivo de la COVID-19 a la pragmática de la guerra en Colombia
Authors: Montoya Arango Vladimir
Published: May 2020

En Colombia la COVID-19 llegó hasta territorios históricamente marginalizados y afectados por la disputa territorial actual entre grupos armados ilegales y guerrilla. Del lenguaje preventivo del confinamiento y el aislamiento social como mecanismos de contención del contagio, se derivan amenazas para los planes de vida de las comunidades que plantean retos para la construcción de paz durante y después de la pandemia.
Los Estados cierran sus territorios por seguridad… pero los virus están emancipados de las fronteras
Authors: Lois María
Published: May 2020

Este texto propone una reflexión sobre el recurso al cierre de fronteras como elemento para afrontar situaciones de excepcionalidad. En tiempos de pandemia global, nos acercamos a las fronteras externas e internas de la Unión Europea, como medio para especular desde las intersecciones entre soluciones territoriales securitizadoras y otras imaginaciones geopolíticas posibles para las fronteras.
La pandemia del 2020 en el debate teórico de las Relaciones Internacionales
Authors: Bosoer Fabián , Turzi Mariano
Published: May 2020

¿Podemos releer el encuadre geopolítico que proveen autores como Robert Kaplan y Robert Kagan para pensar la pandemia de la COVID-19 como un “problema ambiental” que guía/determina la acción política de los Estados-nación? En este artículo se exponen algunos de sus tópicos principales con el propósito de analizar los impactos de la crisis sanitaria que afectó a todo el planeta contraponiendo la mirada de la geopolítica determinista conservadora con una perspectiva de geopolítica crítica.
Long-term outcome after surgery in a patient with intestinal Behçet’s disease complicated by myelodysplastic syndrome and trisomy 8
Authors: Mori Yuki , Iwamoto Fumihiko , Ishida Yasuaki , Kuno Toru , Kobayashi Shoji , Yoshida Takashi , Yamaguchi Tatsuya , Sato Tadashi , Sudo Makoto , Ichikawa Daisuke , Enomoto Nobuyuki
Published: May 2020

Behçet’s disease (BD) is a multisystem inflammatory disease of unknown origin. Rarely, BD occurs together with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Interestingly, it is speculated that these are not simple coexistence but that the etiology of intestinal BD is at least partly derived from MDS itself. Furthermore, there is a relationship between MDS in patients with intestinal BD and trisomy 8. Immunosuppressive agents alone are insufficient to control MDS-associated BD, and many of these patients die of infection or hemorrhage. Surgery is considered for intestinal BD patients who are unresponsive to medical treatment or those with bowel complications such as perforation or persistent bleeding. We report a case of intestinal BD associated with MDS and trisomy 8. The patient was unresponsive to oral steroids and immunosuppressive treatment; the patient improved by surgical repair of a bowel perforation. Five years after the surgery, the patient is free of recurrence and not on medication. Our experience suggests that surgery may provide an effective therapeutic option for the treatment of MDS-related BD.