bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Novel Picolinamide Fungicides (QiI) for Controlling Cercospora beticola Sacc. in Sugar Beet
Authors: Biró Akos F. , Leader Andy J. , Hufnagl Andrea , Kukorelli Gábor , Molnár Zoltán
Published: November 2024

Studies were initiated to find new effective fungicides to use under field conditions to discover novel approaches for optimizing disease management in sugar beet crops. Cercospora leaf spot (CLS), a prevalent foliar disease in sugar beet crops worldwide, is caused by the fungal pathogen Cercospora beticola Sacc. This disease has become the most prevalent pathogen in sugar beet crops across nearly all European growing regions, including Hungary. The epidemic spread of this disease can cause up to 50% yield loss. The use of fungicides has been a cornerstone in managing CLS of sugar beet due to the limited efficacy of non-chemical alternatives. However, the emergence of fungicide-resistant strains of Cercospora beticola Sacc. in recent decades has compromised the effectiveness of certain fungicides, particularly those belonging to the QoI (FRAC Group 11) and DMI (FRAC Group 3) classes. Hungary is among the many countries where resistance to these fungicides has developed due to their frequent application. Picolinamides represent a novel class of fungal respiration inhibitors targeting Complex III within the Quinoine-Inside Inhibitor (QiI) group. Two innovative fungicides from this class, fenpicoxamid and florylpicoxamid (both classified under FRAC Group 21), were evaluated for their efficacy in managing CLS of sugar beet in Hungary during the 2020 and 2021 growing seasons. Both fungicides were applied as formulated products at various application rates and demonstrated superior efficacy in controlling CLS compared to untreated control plots and the reference fungicides difenoconazole and epoxiconazole. The results consistently demonstrated that all tested application rates of fenpicoxamid and florylpicoxamid effectively controlled CLS in sugar beet, exhibiting a clear dose–response relationship. Disease severity, as measured by the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), was significantly correlated with yield reduction but showed no significant association with root sugar content. Moreover, data from both study years indicated that picolinamide fungicides applied at a rate of 75 g ai/ha significantly outperformed difenoconazole (100 g ai/ha) in controlling the CLS of sugar beet. Additionally, higher application rates of picolinamides at 100–150 g ai/ha outperformed epoxiconazole at 125 g ai/ha in disease suppression. Fenpicoxamid is currently registered for use in cereals within Europe, and outside of Europe in Banana against Black Sigatoka (eff. Mycosphaerella fijiensis). Florylpicoxamid, while not yet registered in Europe, is undergoing approval processes in various countries worldwide for a range of crops and is continually being evaluated for potential market introduction. Additional details regarding the efficacy of florylpicoxamid against CLS in sugar beet were presented at ‘The 10th International Conference on Agricultural and Biological Sciences (ABS 2024, Győr-Hungary)’ in 2024.
Use of Granulocyte Transfusions in the Management of Severe Infections Among Children with Neutropenia
Authors: Mielecka-Jarmocik Gabriela , Szymbor Katarzyna , Balwierz Walentyna , Skoczeń Szymon , Leń Marta , Kania Kinga , Pawińska-Wąsikowska Katarzyna
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: Infections remain the leading cause of mortality among neutropenic patients with haematologic malignancies, making effective infection management crucial. Achieving a sufficient neutrophil count is essential for the elimination of pathogens. Granulocyte concentrate (GC) can be a treatment option for neutropenic patients with severe infections. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and impact on survival of GC transfusions in neutropenic children with severe infections treated over the past 13 years in a single centre. Methods: The retrospective study analysed clinical data from 60 children (median age 9.5 years) who received GC transfusions at our centre. Granulocytes were collected by apheresis from donors stimulated with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. The majority of the patients (70%) were diagnosed with acute leukaemia. The main indications for GC were severe pneumonia (45%) and bacterial sepsis (38.33%). Results: The patients received 1 to 29 GC transfusions for 1 to 70 days, with a median time of administration of 3 days. Neutrophil counts increased to >1000/µL within a median of 5 days. GCs were well tolerated by most patients. One patient presented symptoms of anaphylaxis, the other acute lung injury related to transfusions, and alloimmunisation was reported in one patient. Of the patients analysed, 78.33% survived the infection that justified GC administration. We did not observe significant differences in survival depending on the aetiology of the infection. Conclusions: Based on our research, GC appears to be a beneficiary for neutropenic children with severe infections and reduces infection mortality rates. However, further well-designed randomised trials are needed to define its role in this setting.
Mathematical Formalization and Applications to Data with Excess of Zeros and Ones of the Unit-Proportional Hazard Inflated Models
Authors: Martínez-Flórez Guillermo , Tovar-Falón Roger , Gómez Héctor W.
Published: November 2024

In this study, we model the rate or proportion of a specific phenomenon using a set of known covariates. To fit the regression model, which explains the phenomenon within the intervals (0,1), [0,1), (0,1], or [0,1], we employ a logit link function. This approach ensures that the model’s predictions remain within the appropriate range of zero to one. In cases of inflation at zero, one, or both, the logit link function is similarly applied to model the dichotomous Bernoulli-type variable with a multinomial response. The findings demonstrate that the model yields a non-singular information matrix, ensuring valid statistical inference. This ensures the invertibility of the information matrix, allowing for hypothesis testing based on likelihood statistics regarding the parameters in the model. This is not possible with other asymmetric models, such as those derived from the skew-normal distribution, which has a singular information matrix at the boundary of the skewness parameter. Finally, empirical results show the model’s effectiveness in analyzing proportion data with inflation at zero and one, proving its robustness and practicality for analyzing bounded data in various fields of research.
Optimal Carbon Pricing and Carbon Footprint in a Two-Stage Production System Under Cap-and-Trade Regulation
Authors: Tseng Huo-Yen , Huang Yung-Fu , Fu Chung-Jen , Weng Ming-Wei
Published: November 2024

Integrating low-carbon design into products is crucial for reducing carbon emissions throughout their life cycle and promoting sustainable development. Addressing the uncertainty in the carbon footprint resulting from the unknown choice of product material solutions. This paper considers ABC (activity-based costing) along with the components’ carbon footprint and scrap return issues to illustrate the above challenge in a two-stage production-inventory system with imperfect processes. We determine the optimal production and sales strategies that maximize total profit per unit time. An algorithm is developed to identify these optimal solutions. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm, two numerical examples from the Taiwan die casting industry are presented. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to provide valuable managerial insights.
Unveiling the Anticancer Potential of a New Ciprofloxacin-Chalcone Hybrid as an Inhibitor of Topoisomerases I & II and Apoptotic Inducer
Authors: Ali Doaa Mohamed Elroby , Aziz Hossameldin A. , Bräse Stefan , Al Bahir Areej , Alkhammash Abdullah , Abuo-Rahma Gamal El-Din A. , Elshamsy Ali M. , Hashem Hamada , Abdelmagid Walid M.
Published: November 2024

The current study has yielded promising results in the evaluation of a new ciprofloxacin-chalcone hybrid (CP derivative) for its anticancer activity as potential Topoisomerases (Topo) I and II inhibitors. The in vitro results showed that the CP derivative significantly suppressed the growth of HCT-116 and LOX IMVI cells, with IC50 values of 5.0 μM and 1.3 μM, respectively, outperforming Staurosporine, which had IC50 values of 8.4 μM and 1.6 μM, respectively. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the new CP derivative triggered apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, associated with the up-regulation of pro-apoptotic genes (Bax and Caspase 9) and downregulation of the anti-apoptotic gene (Bcl-2). Further investigations showed that the CP derivative inhibited Topo I and II enzymes, as expected molecular targets; docking studies further supported its dual inhibitory action on Topo I and II. These findings suggest that the ciprofloxacin-chalcone hybrid could be a promising lead compound for developing new anticancer therapy.
Unexpected XPS Binding Energy Observations Further Highlighted by DFT Calculations of Ruthenocene-Containing [IrIII(ppy)2(RCOCHCORc)] Complexes: Cytotoxicity and Crystal Structure of [Ir(ppy)2(FcCOCHCORc)]
Authors: Buitendach Blenerhassitt E. , Erasmus Elizabeth , Fourie Eleanor , Malan Frederick P. , Conradie Jeanet , Niemantsverdriet J. W. (Hans) , Swarts Jannie C.
Published: November 2024

The series of iridium(III) complexes, [Ir(ppy)2(RCOCHCOR′)], with R = CH3 and R′ = CH3 (1), Rc (2), and Fc (3), as well as R = Rc and R′ = Rc (4) or Fc (5), and R = R′ = Fc (6), ppy = 2-phenylpyridinyl, Fc = FeII(η5–C5H4)(η5–C5H5), and Rc = RuII(η5–C5H4)(η5–C5H5), has been investigated by single-crystal X-ray crystallography and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) supplemented by DFT calculations. Here, in the range of 3.74 ≤ ΣχR ≤ 4.68, for Ir 4f, Ru 3d and 3p and N 1s orbitals, binding energies unexpectedly decreased with increasing ΣχR (ΣχR = the sum of Gordy group electronegativities of the R groups on β-diketonato ligands = a measure of electron density on atoms), while in Fe 2p orbitals, XPS binding energy, as expected, increased with increasing ΣχR. Which trend direction prevails is a function of main quantum level, n = 1, 2, 3…, sub-quantum level (s, p, d, and f), initial state energies, and final state relaxation energies, and it may differ from compound series to compound series. Relations between DFT-calculated orbital energies and ΣχR followed opposite trend directions than binding energy/ΣχR trends. X-ray-induced decomposition of compounds was observed. The results confirmed good communication between molecular fragments. Lower binding energies of both the Ir 4f7/2 and N 1s photoelectron lines are associated with shorter Ir-N bond lengths. Cytotoxic tests showed that 1 (IC50 = 25.1 μM) and 3 (IC50 = 37.8 μM) are less cytotoxic against HeLa cells than cisplatin (IC50 = 1.1 μM), but more cytotoxic than the free β-diketone FcCOCH2COCH3 (IC50 = 66.6 μM).
Spirulina—An Invaluable Source of Macro- and Micronutrients with Broad Biological Activity and Application Potential
Authors: Podgórska-Kryszczuk Izabela
Published: November 2024

With population growth expected in the near future and the planet’s limited resources, alternative food sources are already being looked for. In this context, spirulina is called the food of the future due to its rich nutritional composition. This blue–green alga is primarily a valuable source of protein (55–70%) containing all essential amino acids. In its composition, it also contains unsaturated fatty acids, minerals, vitamins, and pigments, including the valuable protein–pigment complex—phycocyanin. Due to its high content of complete protein and minerals such as iron and calcium, it is an excellent addition to diets, especially those of vegans and vegetarians. Despite several limitations to the use of spirulina, including its distinctive marine flavour, low consumer awareness, or relatively high price, scientists are attempting to enrich many food products with the microalga. This is supported not only by the improved nutritional composition of the fortified product but also by spirulina’s impact on sustainable food production. Therefore, this review aims to create consumer attention by presenting spirulina as a valuable and sustainable food source with health-promoting potential and great future significance.
Epigallocatechin Gallate Enzymatic Alpha Glucosylation Potentiates Its Skin-Lightening Activity—Involvement of Skin Microbiota
Authors: Boira Cloé , Chapuis Emilie , Lapierre Laura , Auriol Daniel , Jarrin Cyrille , Robe Patrick , Tiguemounine Jean , Scandolera Amandine , Reynaud Romain
Published: November 2024

(1) Background: Ultraviolet radiation takes part in photoaging and pigmentation disorders on skin. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a well-known brightening and photoprotective compound but it faces limitations in terms of stability and solubility. (2) Methods: A more stable and water-soluble glucoside called EGCG-G1 was obtained by enzymatic glucosylation of EGCG. In vitro and ex vivo experiments evaluated EGCG-G1 skin penetration, antioxidant activity, and antimelanogenic properties compared to EGCG. This gene expression study characterized the pathways impacted by EGCG-G1. Four clinical studies covering phototypes I to V, at various ages, and different skin areas, using several tools, were conducted to assess the effect of EGCG-G1 on skin hyperpigmentation and tone. The impact of glucoside on skin microbiota, especially Lactobacillus sp., was assessed through in vitro and in vivo investigations. (3) Results: EGCG-G1 better penetrated the epidermis than EGCG due to a possible interaction with GLUT1. EGCG-G1 presented similar antioxidant activity to that of EGCG and decreased melanogenesis through the inhibition of 13 genes, including MITF. The skin Lactobacillus population increased with EGCG-G1, which promoted bacterial growth in vitro as prebiotic, and induced the release of a microbial brightening metabolite. Clinical trials demonstrated EGCG-G1 to decrease hyperpigmented spots and increase skin brightness and homogeneity in a large panel of phototypes, outperforming EGCG and vitamin C. (4) Conclusions: Glucosylation of EGCG maintained its photoprotective antioxidant properties and enhanced penetration across the epidermis. EGCG-G1 demonstrated brightening properties on all skin types by down-regulation of melanogenesis pathways and indirectly by skin microbiota stimulation.
Nanothermodynamics: There’s Plenty of Room on the Inside
Authors: Chamberlin Ralph V. , Lindsay Stuart M.
Published: November 2024

Nanothermodynamics provides the theoretical foundation for understanding stable distributions of statistically independent subsystems inside larger systems. In this review, it is emphasized that extending ideas from nanothermodynamics to simplistic models improves agreement with the measured properties of many materials. Examples include non-classical critical scaling near ferromagnetic transitions, thermal and dynamic behavior near liquid–glass transitions, and the 1/f-like noise in metal films and qubits. A key feature in several models is to allow separate time steps for distinct conservation laws: one type of step conserves energy and the other conserves momentum (e.g., dipole alignment). This “orthogonal dynamics” explains how the relaxation of a single parameter can exhibit multiple responses such as primary, secondary, and microscopic peaks in the dielectric loss of supercooled liquids, and the crossover in thermal fluctuations from Johnson–Nyquist (white) noise at high frequencies to 1/f-like noise at low frequencies. Nanothermodynamics also provides new insight into three basic questions. First, it gives a novel solution to Gibbs’ paradox for the entropy of the semi-classical ideal gas. Second, it yields the stable equilibrium of Ising’s original model for finite-sized chains of interacting binary degrees of freedom (“spins”). Third, it confronts Loschmidt’s paradox for the arrow of time, showing that an intrinsically irreversible step is required for maximum entropy and the second law of thermodynamics, not only in the thermodynamic limit but also in systems as small as N=2 particles.
Comprehensive Management of Drunkorexia: A Scoping Review of Influencing Factors and Opportunities for Intervention
Authors: Pérez-Ortiz Naroa , Andrade-Gómez Elena , Fagundo-Rivera Javier , Fernández-León Pablo
Published: November 2024

Background and objectives: Drunkorexia is a novel alcohol-related disorder prevalent among adolescents and young adults. Extensive research on the causes and their relationship is lacking. Identifying these aspects could improve early detection and management by healthcare professionals. The aim of this review was to identify the influencing factors of drunkorexia in adolescents and young adults, as well as the main opportunities for action by health professionals. Methods: A scoping review was conducted in June and July 2024 using three databases (Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science). A search and review protocol were established and registered in PROSPERO. The research questions were formulated in Patient, Concept, Context (PCC) formats for an adequate literature review. Original articles from January 2008 to July 2024 were included. Reviews, meta-analyses, and doctoral theses or academic texts were excluded. In the screening phase, a methodological assessment was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute’s (JBI) critical appraisal tools to support study eligibility. Depending on the study design, different checklists were used, and cross-sectional studies that received scores of 4/8 or higher, quasi-experimental designs that obtained 5/9 or higher, and qualitative research that obtained 5/10 or higher were accepted. Results: A total of 1502 studies were initially found. After applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 20 studies were selected. Complications of emotion regulation, both positive and negative metacognitive beliefs, inability to effectively manage stress and anxiety, symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, self-discipline and self-control, or differences in social expectations are predisposing factors for drunkorexia. The management of malnutrition and dehydration is an opportunity for clinical professionals to address this problem. In addition, mental health issues can provide another opportunity to manage heavy alcohol consumption. Conclusions: Drunkorexia must be recognized as a new disease to be addressed from a multidisciplinary perspective. In this way, increasing research on this trend would support prevention and intervention strategies. The use of digital platforms is essential for raising social awareness of this negative habit.
Impact of Early Ying Yang Bao Nutritional Support on Growth and Neurodevelopment in Preschool Children in China
Authors: Zhao Xiayu , Liu Tingting , Han Chao , Zhao Jinpeng , Li Yan , Huo Junsheng , Zhuo Qin , Gong Zhaolong
Published: November 2024

Background: Providing early nutritional support through Ying Yang Bao (YYB) can assist children in achieving their full developmental potential. We aimed to examine the lasting impact of YYB and how growth affects neurodevelopment in preschool children. Methods: 1104 children aged 1 year were divided into a YYB control group (YYB-CG) and a YYB intervention group (YYB-IG). Information on basic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, dietary status, YYB consumption, and neurodevelopment for these children was taken annually from 2018 to 2022 until they reached 5 years old. Confounders were well balanced using propensity score matching (PSM), and then 474 pairs of children were included in subsequent analyses. The comparison between groups was performed using t-tests or chi-square analyses. Linear regressions were used to examine the independent associations between children’s dimensions (Z-score for weight relative to age [WAZ], Z-score for height relative to age [HAZ], Z-score for body mass index by age [BAZ], and conditional measures of height- and weight-based growth) and neurodevelopment. Results: Children in the YYB-IG had higher scores in the mental index (MI), the developmental quotient (DQ), height, and BAZ (p < 0.05) and had a lower risk of stunting. Accelerated weight gain from ages 1 to 5 (β (95% confidence interval [CI]): 0.26 (0.08–0.45)) and increased height gain during this period (β (95% CI): 0.68 (0.14–1.23)) were associated with greater MI. A higher WAZ was linked to increased MI at 1 year (β (95% CI): 0.89 (0.09–1.68)), 2 years (β (95% CI): 0.99 (0.20–1.78)), 3 years (β (95% CI): 0.92 (0.15–1.69)), 4 years (β (95% CI): 0.88 (0.09–1.68)), and 5 years of age (β (95% CI): 1.01 (0.28–1.74)). An increased HAZ corresponded with a higher MI score at ages 1 year (β (95% CI): 1.47 (0.75–2.20)), 2 years (β (95% CI): 1.25 (0.49–2.02)), 3 years (β (95% CI): 1.11 (0.31–1.90)), 4 years (β (95% CI): 0.93 (0.12–1.74)), and 5 years old (β (95% CI): 1.17 (0.43–1.90)); higher DQ levels were also recorded at 1 year (β (95% CI): 0.82 (0.10–1.55)) and 5 years of age (β (95% CI): 0.79 (0.06–1.51)). Conclusions: YYB can improve specific areas of neurodevelopment and growth in preschool children. Additionally, children’s linear growth is positively linked to neurodevelopment in those of preschool age.
Comparative Pharmacokinetic Assessment of Curcumin in Rats Following Intratracheal Instillation Versus Oral Administration: Concurrent Detection of Curcumin and Its Conjugates in Plasma by LC-MS/MS
Authors: Li Nan , Lou Jinle , Wang Lingchao , Zhang Wenpeng , Jin Chunmei , Zhuang Xiaomei
Published: November 2024

Objective: To establish and validate an LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of curcumin (CUR) as well as its glucuronide conjugate (COG) and sulfate conjugate (COS) in rat plasma. The method was employed to evaluate and compare the pharmacokinetic behaviors of curcumin following oral and intratracheal administration in rats. Methods: Rat plasma samples were separated by chromatography on a C18 column after protein precipitation with acetonitrile. Gradient elution with a mobile phase of 0.5 mM ammonium acetate in acetonitrile was utilized. Mass spectrometry detection incorporated an electrospray ionization (ESI) source, multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), and dual-mode (positive and negative) scanning for quantitative analysis. A total of 12 SD rats were randomly divided into two groups and were orally (20 mg/kg) or intratracheally (10 mg/kg) administrated curcumin, respectively. CUR, COG, and COS concentrations in plasma were measured to assess pharmacokinetic disparities. Results: The method demonstrated linearity within the ranges of 2–400 ng/mL for CUR and COS and 5–1000 ng/mL for COG. Intratracheal administration significantly elevated CUR plasma concentrations compared to oral administration. The exposure of COG was higher than COS following oral administration. Conversely, intratracheal administration resulted in markedly higher COS exposure, with no significant difference in COG exposure after dose normalization between oral and inhalation routes. Conclusions: The established LC-MS/MS method provides a reliable tool for the simultaneous measurement of CUR, COG, and COS in rat plasma, facilitating preclinical pharmacokinetic investigations. The study reveals distinct pharmacokinetic profiles for CUR following oral versus intratracheal administration, suggesting that inhalation may offer superior therapeutic efficacy.
Sub-Micron Two-Dimensional Displacement Sensor Based on a Multi-Core Fiber
Authors: Zhu Kexin , Ren Shijie , Li Xiangdong , Liu Yuanzhen , Li Jiaxin , Zhang Liqiang , Wang Minghong
Published: November 2024

A sub-micron two-dimensional displacement sensor based on a segment of multi-core fiber is presented in this paper. Light at the wavelengths of 1520 nm, 1530 nm, and 1540 nm was introduced separately into three cores of a seven-core fiber (SCF). They were independently transmitted in their respective cores, and after being emitted from the other end of the SCF, they were irradiated onto the end-face of a single-mode fiber (SMF). The SMF received light at three different wavelengths, the power of which was related to the relative position between the SCF and the SMF. When the SMF moved within a two-dimensional plane, the direction of displacement could be determined based on the changes in power at different wavelengths. As a benefit of the high sensitivity of the spectrometer, the sensor could detect displacements at the sub-micron level. When the SMF was translated in 200 nm steps over a range from 5.2 μm to 6.2 μm, the sensitivities at the wavelengths of 1520 nm, 1530 nm, and 1540 nm were 0.34 dB/μm, 0.40 dB/μm, and 0.36 dB/μm, respectively. The two-dimensional displacement sensor proposed in this paper offers the advantages of high detection precision, simple structure, and ease of implementation.
The Active and Critical Participation: A Study on Belonging and Believing Among Young Catholics in Rome
Authors: Casavecchia Andrea , Canta Alba Francesca , Turco Benedetta
Published: November 2024

This article deals with the relationship between young Catholics, their faith, and the Church. Several studies show a progressive distancing of the new generations from traditional religions, especially in European societies. This research focuses on young Catholics and observes their way of believing and belonging. Data collection was conducted in the religious and cultural context of the Diocese of Rome through semi-structured interviews with young key informants chosen for their educational engagement with their faith community. The results, analyzed through a reflective and positional approach conducted with N-vivo, highlight the emerging sensitivities of young people interested in the experience of faith and involvement in their community, despite a critical and not submissive sense of belonging towards the ecclesial institution and the proposed educational pathways for young people who are adapting to this new condition.
Dynamics of Changes in the Surface Area of Water Bodies in Subsidence Basins in Mining Areas
Authors: Rzetala Martyna A. , Machowski Robert , Solarski Maksymilian , Rzetala Mariusz
Published: November 2024

The Silesian Upland in southern Poland is known as a place where subsidence processes induced by mining activities occur in an area of nearly 1500 square kilometres, with many water bodies that formed in subsidence basins. This study concerned the dynamics of changes in the occurrence, boundaries and area of water bodies in subsidence basins (using orthoimagery from 1996 to 2023), as well as the assessment of the factors underlying the morphogenetic and hydrogenetic transformations of these basins. Within the subsidence basins covered by the study, water bodies occupied a total area that changed from 9.22 hectares in 1996 to 48.43 hectares in 2003, with a maximum of 52.30 hectares in 2009. The obtained figures testify to the extremely dynamic changes taking place in subsidence basins, which are unprecedented within such short time intervals in the case of other morphogenetic types of lakes and anthropogenic water bodies (for instance, from 1996 to 2003, the basin of the Brantka water body in Bytom underwent a more than two-fold change in its area, with RA values in the range of 54.4% to 131.9). A reflection of the dynamics of short-term changes in the water bodies in question in the period from 1996 to 2023 is the increase in the water area of the three studied water bodies, which was projected by linear regression to range from 0.09 hectares/year to 0.56 hectares/year. The area change trends, as determined by polynomial regression, suggest a slight decrease in the water table within the last few years, as well as within the next few years, for each of the studied basins.
Porphyria, a rare hereditary disease: a clinical case
Authors:   FSBEI HE Tyumen State Medical University, 54 Odesskaya str., Tyumen, 625023, Russian Federation, Boldyreva Yu.V.
Published: November 2024

Porphyria is a group of diseases associated with a violation of pigment metabolism, in which hemeformation is disrupted, accompanied by the accumulation of porphyrins or their toxic precursors. The incidence of the disease is 7-12:100,000 people. Porphyrins build up and, as a result, many organs and systems of the body are affected. The variability of the clinical picture and poor knowledge of this pathology lead to delayed diagnosis. Consequently, these patients may remain without treatment and medical supervision for a long time.
Orientation of psychocorrectional classes to optimize interpersonal interaction of primary school students with mild intellectual disability
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education ", Chetverikova T. Yu. ,   Omsk State Pedagogical University",   , Omsk, Russia
Published: November 2024

The author addresses the problem of optimizing interpersonal interactions of primary school children with mild intellectual disability as an important condition for strengthening and maintaining their psychological health. Cognitive impairments caused by the primary dis order and "social distortion" result in ineffective social interactions. Children in this category experience the need to master positive behavioral patterns and the basics of psychohygienic knowledge. This ensures the establishment of partnerships, the implementation of joint activ ities on an equal footing, the minimization of psychotraumatic situations, and the formation of social competencies necessary for incorporation into the system of social relations. The article reflects the results of the study, which allowed establishing the features of interpersonal interaction of schoolchildren in pairs and small and large groups. It is noted that the most successful partnerships of these children are formed when implementing joint activities in dyads. About a quarter of all subjects demonstrated a low degree of readiness for interpersonal interaction with peers in various organizational forms. It is reported that some schoolchildren operate with destructive behavioral patterns in the form of physical and verbal aggression. Victimhood is inherent in the behavior of some children. The article notes that an essential role in optimizing interpersonal interactions of younger schoolchildren with mild intellectual disability belongs to psychocorrectional classes. Based on the data obtained from the results of the monitoring program, the author presents recommendations on the organization and conduct of these classes by specialists in disability studies. In the structure of psychocorrectional work, two main content lines are identified. They are due to the specifics of the professional tasks of specialists. The first of them is associated with the formation of a positive "I-image" (I-concept) in children, while the second one – with "We-image" (We-concept). Information on the range of means, methods, and techniques of psychocorrectional influence, the use of which contributes to the optimization of interpersonal interactions of younger schoolchildren with mild intellectual disability is reflected.
Day-of-the-Week-Effect and Month-of-the-Year-Effect on Carbon Emissions Contract Trading
Authors: Azalia Kezia Maylani , Robiyanto Robiyanto
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aims to examine whether there is a potential Day-of-the-Week-Effect and Month-of-the-Year-Effect on carbon emissions trading. Research Design & Methods: This research uses secondary data obtained through the Investing.com website. The carbon market data used is daily closing data, then the daily effect test is carried out, and monthly closing data to determine the monthly effect. Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) (2,1) and (3,1) method used to analyse the data. Findings: The correlogram and GARCH (2,1) and GARCH (3,1) test results show that the carbon market does not move randomly, but there are Day-of-the-Week-Effect and Month-of-the-Year-Effect phenomena. From this study, it was also found that on Wednesday in April, there was a significant increase in returns. So, it can also be concluded that the carbon market is not efficient. Implications and Recommendations: There are opportunities that can be taken from carbon trading which turns out to have a Day-of-the-Week-Effect and Month-of-the-Year-Effect so that investors who want to join carbon trading can more easily learn about it to get maximum profit in the carbon market. Contribution & Value Added: It is hoped that the results of this study can prove whether or not there is an influence on seasonal patterns so that it can be useful for speculators and business people related to carbon trading to design the right strategy in the carbon emissions market.
Qualitative Study of Entrepreneurial Marketing and Performance of Village-Owned Enterprises (VOEs) In Indonesia
Authors: Makmur Makmur , Mohamad Norhidayah , Norbaya Siti
Published: November 2024

Objective: The performance of village-owned enterprises is examined in this study along with the key components of the entrepreneurial marketing idea. The degree to which current marketing techniques align with entrepreneurial marketing strategies is also evaluated. Research Design & Methods: This study uses a qualitative research design and semi-structured in-depth interviews with 12 directors of chosen village-owned enterprises. The interviews were based on seven components of the entrepreneurial marketing concept: financial performance and non-financial performance. The ATLAS.ti program was used to facilitate the thematic analysis of the gathered data. Findings: The research conclusions demonstrate that village-owned enterprises have been successful in incorporating entrepreneurial marketing ideas, which are crucial to their operations. Contribution & Value Added: The main contribution behind this study is the lack of empirical research on entrepreneurial marketing from the perspective of village-owned enterprises.
Determinants of Corporate Financial Fraud: A Synthesis
Authors: Maulidiyah Dewi Nur , Harto Puji
Published: November 2024

Objective: Corporate fraud has consistently been a subject of interest and remains an engaging topic of discussion. This paper aims to provide an understanding of the determining factors of corporate financial fraud and offer recommendations for potential variables that can be further analyzed. Research Design & Methods: This paper reviews empirical studies from the last 10 years (2013-2023) published in the ScienceDirect.com database. A total of 31 papers were analyzed. Findings: 132 determining factors were identified as influencing corporate financial fraud. The most frequently investigated factors are financial ratios. Meanwhile, recent studies have increasingly linked financial fraud to board characteristics and external corporate factors. Overall, corporate financial fraud is driven by two key sources: internal and external factors, encompassing a variety of aspects such as economic, social, and political influences. Contribution & Value Added: This paper provides valuable insights for developing an effective fraud prevention and detection model for corporations.
Effects of gamma radiation on the structure and thermal properties of ebony wood
Authors:   University of Sofia “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia, Bulgaria, Kovacheva P. G. , Boshnakova N. G. ,   BULGAMMA, Sopharma AD, Sofia, Bulgaria
Published: November 2024

Gamma irradiation is an effective method for disinfestation of wood-made materials, including cultural heritage treatment. Selection of the absorbed dose and dose rate is needed to avoid radiation-induced destruction that would compromise the preservation of the artifacts. Therefore, the side effects of the radiation on different types of wood are worth exploring. This study describes the effects of gamma irradiation with doses up to 25 kGy, absorbed at two dose rates, on ebony wood samples with different radiocarbon age. The investigation aims to identify the side effects of gamma disinfestation on the structure and thermal properties of ebony wood using FTIR/ATR, ESR and TG/DTG analysis. Higher susceptibility to the radiation-induced radical formation both at low (0.037 Gy/s) and standard (1 Gy/s) dose rates was found in the younger ebony wood. Stronger radiation-induced effects were found in the older ebony wood, as revealed by FTIR/ATR analysis. TG analysis showed an increase of the residual weight with 6 % to 17 % after heating up to 700 oC of the irradiated sample with higher radiocarbon age. This was most strongly expressed in the samples with 15 kGy absorbed doses at standard dose rate. The TG data showed that the gamma irradiation of the younger wood led to 7 % to 10 % increase of the residual weight after heating up to 700 oC. The DTG analysis did not show significant changes in the temperature of maximum weight loss in both ebony woods before and after gamma irradiation at the two dose rates.
Integracija imigranata u Hrvatskoj
Authors: Jurić Tado
Published: November 2024

Migracije i s njima povezano pitanje integracije ne samo da djeluju na ekonomiju pojedine države, nego utječu i na cjelokupno društvo. Radi se o procesu koji utječe na društveno povjerenje, sigurnost i na promjene unutar političkog sustava. Potreba za razvojem hrvatske integracijske politike događa se sve ubrzanije jer broj stranih radnika, tražitelja azila i izbjeglica tako brzo raste da je njihova vidljivost danas neoporeciva, dok istodobno Hrvatska nema ni migracijsku ni integracijsku strategiju. Predstavljanje načela učinkovitog integracijskog modela ključan je dio ovog rada, koji pri tome uzima u obzir propuste zemalja bogate imigracijske prošlosti. Osnovna teza rada je da integracija, kako bi uspjela, ne smije ciljati samo na potrebe imigranata, nego je nužno da uzima u obzir i potrebe domicilne zajednice te apsorpcijski kapacitet određenog društva. Preporuke rada su: 1. Spriječiti separaciju – primarni problem nije diskriminacija imigranata, već njihova samoizolacija; 2. Jasno definirati što hrvatsko društvo očekuje od imigranata; 3. Integracija nije samo učenje jezika, nego i tradicije, kulture, prošlosti i normi ponašanja useljeničkog društva; 4. Integracija je u slučaju određenih imigrantskih skupina izazovnija; 5. Nužno je značajno usporiti tempo useljavanja – vratiti sustav kvota; 6. Otvoriti široku javnu raspravu, oslobođenu ideološkog pristupa i etiketiranja (ali i nijekanja postojanja zabrinutosti); 7. Integracija treba biti usklađena s hrvatskim okolnostima, a ne prepisana; 8. Integracija nije samo ponuda nego i obveza.
Tecnologias digitais em atividades de estágio supervisionado nos anos iniciais
Authors: Silva Maria de Fatima Vilhena da , Queiroz Gilvana do Socorro de Souza , Rosário Natalia Monteiro do , Albuquerque Orlando D’Antona , Silva Francisco Hermes Santos da
Published: November 2024

O objetivo principal deste trabalho é analisar o estágio supervisionado em atividades remotas por meio de tecnologias digitais. O texto trata de tecnologias que influenciam na interação dos alunos durante as aulas. Também discorre sobre experiências do estágio supervisionado, de um curso de Licenciatura em Educação em Ciências, Matemáticas e Linguagens, realizado em uma escola pública federal em Belém do Pará, entre 11 e 25 de agosto de 2021, com 50 horas de práticas. Participaram deste trabalho duas professoras da escola e 28 crianças de uma turma do 1º ano do ensino fundamental. A classe foi subdividida em quatro grupos, com aulas de 45 minutos e intervalos de 15 minutos entre um grupo e outro. Os métodos utilizados na pesquisa foram observação, planejamento e acompanhamento das atividades didáticas, todos desenvolvidos remotamente; as análises dos dados estão centradas no planejamento e na prática dos docentes. Resultados demonstram que as tecnologias digitais facilitaram o planejamento e a realização das práticas pedagógicas dentro do contexto de ensino remoto; elas também promoveram o envolvimento e a  participação ativa dos estudantes nas tarefas em formato digital. Apesar de imprevistos quanto ao uso das tecnologias digitais, observou-se o processo  de ensino e aprendizagem acontecer positivamente.
Functions of two variables applied to indigenous graphics
Authors: Silva Maylan Erae Mendonça da , Silva Neto João Ferreira da , Magalhães Willames Ferreira de
Published: November 2024

The aim of this work is to mathematically represent geometric figures that refer to the indigenous graphics of the Kariri-Xocó people. To do this, we will use the concept of functions with two variables, studied in Calculus III of the Curso de Licenciatura Intercultural Indígena em Matemática at Universidade Estadual de Alagoas. This connection is made based on body paintings that have familiar geometric shapes, which can be seen through the level surfaces of functions with two variables. One of the functions used is the exponential, while the other is made up of the sum of sine and cosine. In addition to this aspect of calculus teaching applied to indigenous culture, the results of this study motivate the development of research on the subject, contributing to the production of works that disseminate indigenous culture in Brazil and around the world.
Exploring Torus Black-Holes In (1+3)-Dimensions: A Novel Approach to Higher Genus Solution
Authors: Rodríguez E. García- , Medina M. , Nieto J. A.
Published: November 2024

A torus black-hole solution of the vacuum gravitational field equation of general relativity in (1 + 3)-dimensions is obtained. Starting with a metricansatz associated with the torus, our method is based on straight forward computations the usual geometric mathematical tools of the Christoffel symbols and the Riemann tensor. Specifically, after deriving such mathematical tools the field equations of general relativity are considered. The resultatning equations are properly combained to find the solution. Moreover, the novelty and potential implications of this solution emerges from the fact that is based on a coordinate transformation metric ansatz. This provides with broad implications and future research directions. In particular we argue that our formalism can properly be used for a search of higher genus black-hole solution.
ВЛИЯНИЕ СИСТЕМ ЗАЩИТЫ НА РАЗВИТИЕ ПАРШИ, БИОЛОГИЧЕСКУЮ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ И УРОЖАЙ В НАСАЖДЕНИЯХ ЯБЛОНИ
Authors: Н.Я. Каширская , А.М. Кочкина
Published: November 2024

Применение современных средств защиты в насаждениях яблони имеет важное значение для получения высоких урожаев высококачественных плодов. Целью нашей работы было изучение эффективности использования систем защиты по снижению развития парши и влиянию на продуктивность насаждений. Исследования были выполнены в 2021– 2022 гг. в АО «Дубовое» на сорте Богатырь. Использование опытной системы защиты способствовало снижению развития парши, повышению биологической эффективности и урожая. Степень поражения паршой на листьях была выше, чем на плодах. В 2021 г. развитие парши в контрольном варианте на листьях составило 9,65 % и плодах — 3,74 %, в 2022 г. — 8,05 % и 3,27 %. Данный показатель в обработанных вариантах варьировал от 0,14 % до 1,0 %. Наименьшее развитие парши наблюдалось в варианте с опытной системой защиты. На листьях и плодах развитие парши составило от 0,14 % до 0,58 %. В варианте с хозяйственной системой защиты данный показатель имел значение от 0,35 % до 1,0 %. Биологическая эффективность в снижении развития парши на листьях и плодах при использовании опытной системы защиты была выше на 4,4 %...7,6 % по сравнению с хозяйственной и составила 94,0 % на листьях и 96,3 % на плодах.

Application of contemporary protection means in apple plantations is important to ensure high yields with high quality fruits. The aim of our investigations was to study the effectiveness of protection systems use to reduce the development of scab and to observe the effect on productivity of plantings. The investigations were carried out in 2021– 2022 in Joint stock company “Dubovoye” on Bogatyr variety. The use of experimental protection system contributed to a decrease in development of scab, an increase in biological efficiency and yield. Scab damage degree on leaves was higher than on fruits. In 2021 the development of scab in control variant was 9.65 % on leaves and 3.74 % on fruits, but in 2022 — 8.05 % and 3.27 % respectively. This indicator in treated variants varied from 0.14 % to 1.0 %. The least scab development was observed in the variant with experimental protection system. There was scab development from 0.14 % to 0.58 % on leaves and fruits. In the variant with self-sustaining plant protection system the indicator had values from 0.35 % to 1.0 %. Biological efficiency in reducing of scab development on leaves and fruits with the use of experimental plant protection system was higher on 4.4 %–7.6 % compared to farm’ s one and was 9.4 % on leaves and 96.3 % on fruits.
Phytochemical profile and antioxidant potential of four cultivars of Corchorus olitorius l: traditional African vegetables underused in Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Harouna Diete Souleymane , Kouakou N’Goran David Vincent , Botezatu Andreea Veronica , Mihaila Maria Daniela , Soro Yaya , Dinica Rodica Mihaela
Published: November 2024

Corchorus olitorius L, a traditional leafy vegetable of the Malvaceae family, is well appreciated in the central region of Côte d'Ivoire, where there are 5 cultivars whose phytochemical profile and antioxidant potential remain poorly understood. To better characterise them, phytochemical analysis and evaluation of antioxidant activity by DPPH and ABTS were carried out. The analyses revealed that the leaves of these cultivars are good sources of nutrients, with high levels of protein (19 - 25%), ash (8 - 12%), fibre (3 - 9%), total carbohydrates (40 - 48%), energy (252 - 288 Kcal/100g), iron (29 - 192 mg/100g), calcium (2167 - 2574 mg/100g) and potassium (6799 - 10692 mg/100g). The leaves are also rich in bioactive compounds such as polyphenols (11 - 81 mg GA eq/g extract), flavonoids (268 - 474 mg Q eq/g extract) and condensed tannins (8 - 75 mg TA eq/g extract). High antioxidant activity was observed (IC50 DPPH = 61 - 173 µg/mL and IC50 ABTS = 12 - 29 µg/mL). The best phytochemical profile and antioxidant potential were obtained in the CONB cultivar, which is also the most widely consumed by the population.
Bioactive compounds and pharmacological properties of some date cultivars (Phoenix dactylifera L.)
Authors: Fatiha Benkerrou , Mostapha Bachir Bey , Meriem Amrane , Ryszard Amarowicz , Connie Schisano , Viviana Narciso , Gian Carlo Tenore
Published: November 2024

In this study, five Algerian date cultivars (Phoenix dactylifera L.) were investigated for their antioxidant contents, phenolic profiles, and some pharmacological properties (anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and antioxidant activities). The results showed that the Tanslit cultivar was the most concentrated in total phenolic compounds and flavonoids with 433.03±0.47 96 mg QE/100g DM and 102.5±3.96 mg QE/100g DM, respectively. The Tamdjohert cultivar was the richest on anthocyanins (9.83±0.07mg CE/100g DM). HPLC analysis indicated that the Tamdjohert cultivar contained a high flavonoids concentration (8.22 ± 0.53mg/100g DM), and the Takarmoust cultivar displayed the highest concentration of phenolic acids (15.64±0.41mg/100g DM). The results indicated that the Litim cultivar exhibited strong hydroxyl radical inhibition (134.95±18.07mg GAE/100g DM), and also potently inhibited α-amylase activity (35.19±4.98%). The Tamdjohert cultivar exerted the highest reduction of inflammatory mediators (255.87±18.47mg GAE/100g DM). This study demonstrated that date fruit was a good source of bioactive compounds with important pharmacological properties and can be considered as functional food.