bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Determination of Phosphor Status in Leaf Tissues to Make a Fertilizer Recommendation and Predict Mangosteen Yield
Authors: Kurniadinata Odit F. , Poerwanto Roedhy , Susila Anas D.
Published: December 2018

Mangosteen (GarciniamangostanaL.) knows as one of the most delicious fruit in the word, it’s call as “Queen of fruits”. The problems in mangosteen culture are low productivity and low fruit quality due to less developed technical culture, especially on fertilizer. There is a little information available on mangosteen fertilizer recommendation standards based on scientific experiment.Phosphor fertilizer increased growth especially in the generative stage of mangosteen. Phosphor increases the number of flowers and fruits set. It also decreases the number of flowers and fruits drop, with a linear response. It indicates mangosteen trees absorb phosphor to increase the vegetative growth and support production. Fertilizers increase phosphor concentrations in leaf tissues. Leaf tissues analyses showed the status of phosphor status, This status has a correlation to the yield. The higher the nutrients concentration in the leaf tissues, the higher the mangosteens yield in the next harvest
Potential Changes in Watermelon (Citrullus lannatus) Ploidy Treated By Colchicine
Authors: Handayani Rd. Selvy , Yusuf Muhamad , Akmal Ajmir
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of colchicine on changes in ploidy watermelon. The research was conducted in Agroecotechnology laboratory Universitas Malikussaleh, Microtechnique laboratory Agronomy and Horticulture Departement, Bogor Agricultural University, and Beuringen, Murah Mulia subdistrict, North Aceh. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) two factors. The first factor was watermelon seed soaking time in colchicines 0,02% ie.0, 24,36, and 48 hours. The second factor was the concentration of the colchicine solution on the sprout growth point i.e. 0, 0,1, and 0,2 %. The results showed that plants were given colchicine became to shorter and fewer number of leaves than plants without any treatment. Colchicine could increase the size of the stomata, but it did not change the shape of stomata. Plants that were given colchicine had the potential to ploidy multiplication.
The Relationship between Transpiration and Calcium Fertilization on Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Seedlings
Authors: Akmal Ajmir , Santosa Edi , Poerwanto Roedhy , Yunus Ismadi , Handayani Rd. Selvy
Published: December 2018

The availability of nutrients in plants depends on the ability of plants to absorb nutrients from the soil. One of the processes absorbed by plants is by the presence of the transpiration process.  Good transpiration will provide enough nutrients for plants which increase the productivity and quality of mangosteen. One of the quality standards of mangosteen fruit for export quality is the free from yellow sap contamination. It can be possible that transpiration can improve the quality of mangosteen fruit by applying fertilization. In this study Ca fertilization was carried out on mangosteen seeds, where this study aims to investigate the effectiveness of Ca uptake by mangosteen plants with the level of water loss by transpiration. This research was conducted in November 2016-March 2017 at the Leuwikopo Experimental Garden, Bogor Agricultural University. Morphological observations were carried out in its Experimental Garden and the Postharvest Laboratory whileanalysis of calcium content of plant tissue was done at the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University. Data obtained then were analyzed using ANOVA test. If the results were significant, Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was then tested at 0.05 probability level. The results revealed that the transpiration rate of mangosteen plants from several treatments showed a significant difference, the transpiration rate was higher, especially in fertilized plants. The size of the 12th leaf, plants treated with fertilizer have a larger size than the treatment without fertilization. Fertilizing and providing enough water can maintain the growth of the plants.
Characterization of Pamelo Leaves (Citrus maxima (Burm) Merr) Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Yunus Ismadi , Putri Intan Yatima , Hafifah Hafifah
Published: December 2018

Pamelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr) is one type of orange that is prospectively cultivated in Indonesia. Pamelo in Indonesia is very diverse, as the skin of the fruit is green to red, some are  with seed and seedless. Pamelo plants have diverse leaves, both in shape, size, lamina and thickness. The various leaf shapes between plants which show below the genetic resources of pamelo plants are numerous and varied. Information about pamelo aceh plants, especially about the character of leaves is still very limited. This information can be used to determine the characteristics of pamelo aceh so that later it will be very useful in classifying and grouping plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the character of the Pamelo Giri Matang leaf in Aceh, Indonesia. The study aims to see the level of diversity of pamelo in the village of Pante Lhong. The study was conducted in the village of Pante Lhong, Peusangan District, Bireuen,  District, Aceh, Indonesia and at the Laboratory of Agroecotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Malikussaleh, from September to November 2017. The sample plants used were 15, aged between 10 and 25 years. The research was conducted using descriptive method with sampling by purposive sampling method. Observations were carried out quantitatively and qualitatively based on Descriptors for Citrus (PGRI). The results showed that Pamelo Giri Matang Aceh Indonesia was an evergreen plant with an intensity of green to dark leaf color. The average leaf lamina has a length of 14.62 cm and a width of 7.04 cm with an average area of 59.74 cm2. The most commonly found leaf wings are obovate.
الثقافة المنظمية واثرها في تعزيز الاداء الوظيفي	بحث في شركة صناعات الاصباغ الحديثة
Authors: هادي عفاف حسن , محمود ياسر عادل
Published: December 2018

يعد موضوع ثقافة المنظمة من المواضيع المهمة ، والتي تم اختياره في هذا البحث للتعرف على واقع ثقافة المنظمة التي تسود شركة صناعات الاصباغ الحديثة وما لهذا المفهوم من دور في تعزيز الاداء الوظيفي من خلال بيان وجود علاقة وتاثير من عدمها وبيان قوة هذه العلاقة وتاثيرها في حالة وجودها ، وقد تم اختيار عينة البحث من المدير المفوض ومعاونه ورؤساء الاقسام ومعاوني رؤساء الاقساء والبالغ عددهم (40) موظف ، تم توزيع عليهم استمارة الاستبيان والمكونه من محورين المحور الاول الخاص بثقافة المنظمة ويتضمن اسئلة تندرج ضمن ستة متغيرات تم تثبيتها وهي (الهياكل المادية ، الرموز ، القيم التنظيمية ، المعتقدات التنظيمية ، التوقعات التنظيمية ، الشعائر والطقوس ) ، والمحور الثاني الخاص بالاداء الوظيفي والذي يمكن الاستدلال على مستواه من خلال ستة مؤشرات تم دراستها في هذا البحث وهي ( الرضا الوظيفي ، الجودة ، الانتاجية ، غياب العاملين ، الابداع ، الوقت ) ، وبعد جمع الاستمارات من عينة البحث ومعالجتها من خلال البرامج الاحصائية التي يحتاجها البحث ، اظهرت النتائج وجود علاقة ايجابية قوية بين ثقافة المنظمة والاداء الوظيفي ، كذلك وجود تاثير ايجابي قوي لثقافة المنظمة على الاداء الوظيفي ، هذا وقد اوصى الباحث الجهة المستفيدة من البحث الاهتمام من قبلها بموضوع ثقافة المنظمة وفهمه بالصورة الصحيحة ، والاهتمام بجميع عناصر ثقافة المنظمة وذلك لدورها الكبير والايجابي في تعزيز مستوى الاداء الوظيفي .
A Candidate Dengue Vaccine- Current Status
Authors: Islam M Akhtarul
Published: December 2018

Abstract not availableTAJ 2015; 28(1): i
Hyperbaric 0.5% Bupivacain used in subarachnoid block which spread of anesthesia to cephalic at the different site of injection specially L 2-3, L 3-4, L 4-5 inter vertebral space
Authors: Azad AK , Taher SMA , Raihan Jamil , Zahid M Abu , Rahman Mahbubur , Alam M Intekhab
Published: December 2018

75 (18-45 years) caesarean section were done in RMCH from 2015 July to 2015 December, who received Hyperbaric 0.5% Bupivacain 2.5 ml at the site of L 2-3, L3-4 and L 4-5 inter vertebral spaces. All patients used 25 gauze spinal Needles after 5 & 10 minutes analgesia effect at the level of T10 and T6 respectively. But analgesia effect at the level of T4 was found 15-20 minutes. SPO2 were not significantly different among the three groups, but small changes of HR and BP among them.TAJ 2015; 28(1): 1-5
Clinical Profile of Meningitis in Children
Authors: Uddin MB , Rahman M , Jahan KI , Yeasmin S , Rahman F
Published: December 2018

Meningitis is an emergency clinical problem in pediatrics. The mortality from meningitis is close to 100% in untreated individuals and can still be up to 40% in children who received appropriate antibiotic therapy in developing countries. A cross sectional study was done to address the common presentation of meningitis among the children. The study was conducted in the Pediatric unit of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital from March 2008 to July 2009. A total of 130 suspected case of meningitis patients were included in the study. Among them 102 were diagnosed as meningitis of 66 children with pyogenic meningitis, 36 children with aseptic meningitis and 28 children without meningitis were taken as non meningitis group. This study showed that all patients (100%) had fever. 97 (95.10%) had symptom of convulsion. Vomiting was present in 62 (60.78%), excessive cry or irritability present in 50(49%) cases. This study expressed that 75 (73.53%) patients had bulged fontanel. Neck rigidity was present in 67 (65.69%). Only 32.35% had kernig’s sign positive and 17.65% present with Brudginsky’s sign positive. The infancy was the most vulnerable age for pyogenic meningitis. H. influenzae were the leading pathogen (24.24%) in infancy followed by S. pneumoniae (21.21%). The result shows that among 66 pyogenic meningitis, 26 (39.39%) were completely cured and 24 (36.37%) were cured with sequelae. Out of 36 aseptic meningitis 27 (75.00%) were completely cure.TAJ 2015; 28(1): 6-11
Uses of Chemotherapeutic agents during pregnancy
Authors: Ghosh AK , Saha E , Das CK
Published: December 2018

Chemotherapy services have expanded over recent years. Mothers remain concerned about the safety of their unborn babies while handling hazardous materials. Most chemotherapy drugs are cytotoxic. This means they may be mutagenic, carcinogenic, or teratogenic in nature. How toxic they can be during pregnancy is not absolutely clear. Therefore, handling such drugs may not be 100% safe in pregnancy. Although several chemotherapeutic agents have been proven to be safe for the fetus after the organogenesis period, there is limited information on their use during the first trimester of pregnancy.TAJ 2015; 28(1): 12-15
A Study of Echocardiographic Changes Among the Patients of COPD
Authors: Uddin SM Afzal , Rahman MK , Khan MMR , Rahman M Moksedur , Islam MN , Ghose Sandipan , Huda MN , Begum Shahana , Basak PM , Rahman M Tuhitur
Published: December 2018

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the major health problems and causes of chronic morbidity and mortality in Bangladesh as well as worldwide. Echocardiogram was performed to observe changes among the patients of COPD. Objectives: To observe echocardiographic changes among the patients of COPD. Methods: It was a cross-sectional observational study carried out in the Department of Medicine, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi from July, 2010 to June, 2012. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria 64 people aged 40-70 years having COPD were selected. Thorough history, physical examination and spirometric along with echocardiographic assessment were done. Results: In case of COPD, 22(34.4%) cases showed echocardiographic changes and 42(65.6%) cases showed normal echocardiogram. Conclusion: In this study, Echocardiographic changes were 34.4% in COPD patients which would help in early detection of cardiac morbidity among those patients and to manage them accordingly.TAJ 2015; 28(1): 16-20
Clinical Presentation of Ovarian Tumour
Authors: Nawrozy MS , Sultana F , Kamal AHM , Begum A , Tasmin SF , Nahaer MK
Published: December 2018

Background: Clinical course of ovarian tumours are amazingly quite and the malignant ones are often inoperable by the time they are diagnosed. Aim of this study was to look into any probable way of early diagnosis of ovarian tumour.Methods: This study was carried out at the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology of Rangpur Medical College Hospital, Rangpur from July 2012 to June 2014. In this study, total 31 cases were included. The findings were described as percentage of total. In addition, χ2 test & Pearson’s correlation coefficient ‘r’ test were also used.Results: Age range of all the cases was between 16 and 65 years. Among the 31 cases, benign cases were 77.41% and malignant were 22.59%. The highest incidence of benign case was observed around 35 years of age and for the malignant cases was above 60 years. Patients commonly presented with abdominal lump (83.87%), abdominal pain (83.87%) and dyspepsia (74.19%). Other presentations were weight loss (22.58%), rapid enlargement of growth (16.13%), sense of heaviness of abdomen (9.67%) and abdominal enlargement (3.23%). Histologically serous cystadenoma was 38.71%, dermoid cyst 22.58%, mucinous cystadenoma 16.13%, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma 12.90%, serous cyst adenocarcinoma 6.45% and immature teratoma was 3.23%.Conclusion: This sample is too small to draw any conclusion. Yet, as it was found, the incidence of benign tumours rises with increasing age up to 40 years and thereafter it declines. Whereas, the incidence of malignant tumours are very low before 40 years and thereafter it increases gradually. Also, public awareness may be developed regarding a female, specifically above 40 years of age, if complaints of abdominal lump, abdominal pain or dyspepsia should be evaluated properly; this may help in early diagnosis of many malignant ovarian tumours.TAJ 2015; 28(1): 21-25
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Virus among Healthy Blood Donors in Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Pramanik SH , Rahman Abu Shahin Mohammed Mahbubur , Islam Md Nurul , Rabbani Md Golam , Rahman Md Khalilur
Published: December 2018

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) & Hepatitis C virus (HCV) are transfusion transmissible infections. A study was conducted from September, 2015 to March, 2016 at the Transfusion Medicine Department of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic hepatitis B and C virus in apparently healthy blood donors, were subjected to ELISA for screening of hepatitis B surface antigen and Hepatitis C virus. A total of 200 blood donors were screened, the seroprevalence of HBV & HCV infection was 5.0% & 2.0% respectively. The HBV seroprevalence in male donors was 182/8 (4.4%) and in female donors was 18/2 (11.1%). Four donors were found seropositive for HCV giving a seroprevalence of 2%. HCV seroprevalence in male was 182/4 (2.2%) and no female. Seroprevalence of HCV and HBV were higher in younger donors, service holders, married respondents and middle class donors. To reduce the prevalence of post-transfusion hepatitis and stringent donor screening procedure, routine screening for HBV & HCV in blood banks should be performed using more sensitive methods (ELISA).TAJ 2015; 28(1): 26-31
Correlation Between Clinical And Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings In Patients With Lumbosacral Radiculopathy
Authors: Sarkar Mukul Kumar , Kundu Pijush Kumar , Alahi Md Munzur , Amin Md Pervez , Mallick Achinta Kumar , Ahmed Quamruddin , Kafiluddin Md
Published: December 2018

Low back pain accounts for a large amount of loss of productivity in the workforce. When the low back pain extends into the lower limb along the distribution of a dermatome then radiculopathy is said to be present. Although most people experience back pain during their lifetime, only a fraction experience lumbosacral radiculopathy as a consequence of nerve root compression or irritation. Almost 5% males and 2.5% females experience lumbosacral radiculopathy at some time in their lifetime. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred investigation for the diagnosis of lumbosacral radiculopathy. So, in the evaluation of a patient of lumbosacral radiculopathy is essential to correlate clinical symptoms and signs with the finding detected in the MRI to arrive at a correct diagnosis and arrange an appropriate management. So this study was done to see the correlation between clinical and MRI finding of radiculopathy at different nerve root level in patients with lumbosacral radiculopathy. It was a cross sectional descriptive study. All 40 patients of lumbosacral radiculopathy who were presented to Rajshahi Medical College Hospital during the study period from 01/11/2011 to 30/10/2012 were included in the study. There were 30 males and 10 females having an M: F ratio of 3:1. Mean age of total patients 43 + 14.74 years. 67.5% patients were between 20 to 50 years and 60% patients were performing heavy work. 67.5% patients had unilateral involvement while 32.6% patients had bilateral involvement. 72.5% patients had muscle weakness and 27.5% had no muscle weakness. 67.5% patients had sensory impairment and 32.5% had no sensory involvement. Knee jerk changes were present in 60% patients and ankle jerk changes in 66.66% patients. As expected 52.18% had L5 and 32.61% had S1 radiculopathy. The difference in clinical and MRI detection of root involvement was statistically significant (p value < 0.05) in both sides at L4, L5 and S1 root levels but there was no significant difference at the L3 root level (p value 1.00) Intervertebral disc herniation was the commonest cause of lumbosacral radiculopathy (72.32%) and second common cause was spinal canal stenosis (19.44%). Others are intervertebral disc budging (61.52%), disc protrusion (23.08%) and disc extrusion (15.38%). Correlation between clinical severity and MRI grading of lumbosacral radiculopathy which was statistically significant. So, it is concluded that clinical findings correlate well with MRI finding, but all MRI abnormalities need not have a clinical significanceTAJ 2015; 28(1): 32-39
Thyroid Dysfunction In Patient With Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Amin Ruhul , Huda Md Nazmul , Islam Md Nurul , Ghose Sandipon , Rahman ASM M , Hoque Md Azizul , Islam AKM Monoarul
Published: December 2018

A large amount of protein is lost in urine along with thyroid hormones and hormone binding proteins in nephrotic syndrome (NS). This hormone loss may lead to low T4, T3 and sometimes high TSH level and often to be associated with subclinical or overt hypothyroidism. This study was done to assess thyroid dysfunction in patients with NS and to correlate thyroid hormones with albumin level of those subjects. Forty diagnosed patients of idiopathic NS and same number of age matched healthy control were selected in this study. Thyroid status was evaluated in all the subjects. In patients with NS mean (± SD) of T4, T3 and TSH were 39.34 (±29.49), 1.05 (±0.83) and 11.34 (±18.15) respectively. Mean (±SD) of T4, T3 and TSH in healthy control were 83.34 (±27.23), 2.04 (±0.70) and 2.73 (±1.79) respectively. Mean serum total T4 and T3 of patients with NS were found to be significantly lower (t= -6.935, df= 78, p<0.001 and t = -5.750, df = 78, p<0.001 respectively) and mean TSH was found to be significantly higher (t= 2.984, df = 78, p<0.01) in patients with NS as compared to healthy control. Sub clinical hypothyroidism was observed in 20 (50%) and overt hypothyroidism in 4 (10%) of patients. Significant positive correlation was found between serum albumin and serum total T4 (r = 0.818, p <0.001) and also with total T3 level (r = 0.903, p <0.001). But no correlation was found between serum albumin and serum TSH (r = - 0. 292, p>0.05) in patients with NS. So, nephrotic range proteinuria may be associated with loss of thyroid hormone in urine and can lead to subclinical or even overt hypothyroidism.TAJ 2015; 28(1): 40-44
Kartagener’s Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Basak PM , Islam MN , Sarkar BC , Islam MA , Rashed HM , Islam Jafor , Das HS
Published: December 2018

Abstract not availableTAJ 2015; 28(1): 45-47
Umbilical endometriosis in a 42 years old parous woman: A Case Report
Authors: Shamima Mosammat Nargis , Hossain Mohd Alamgir , Jesmin Shahela , Jahan Nargis , Das Arpita
Published: December 2018

Endometriosis is a common gynaecological condition and presents mainly with involvement of the pelvic organs. However umbilical endometriosis is uncommon. A correct differential diagnosis can be difficult and the use of epiluminescence and MRI is suggested for the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis. This case report was experienced at a tertiary care hospital at Rajshahi. The patient was 42 years old multigravid woman presented with umbilical swelling and pain during menstruation for last 6 years with cyclical bleeding from the umbilical region for same duration. The patient had regular menstrual bleeding since the time of menarche. The patient had no previous history of endometriosis, dysmenorrhea or dyspareunia. Physical examination showed a hyperpigmented tender paraumbilical swelling with bloody discharge through umbilicus. Clinical examination together with the use of high resolution ultrasonography and fine needle aspiration cytology led to an accurate pre-operative diagnosis of umbilical endometriosis. The surgical approach to umbilical endometriosis represented an important step in achieving a satisfying result. The lesion to be excised and adequate umbilical repositioning was done. The patient was asymptomatic at the follow-up visit (12 months after surgery). A natural-looking umbilicus was observed with minimal visible scars.TAJ 2015; 28(1): 48-51
Global Health Problems of Obesity
Authors: Basak PM
Published: December 2018

Abstract not availableTAJ 2015; 28(2): i
Intra- Abdominal Injuries Following Blunt Abdominal Trauma-Analysis of 100 cases.
Authors: Sarker MM , Sarker MK , Perveen NA
Published: December 2018

With the advent of industrialization, accelerated social violence, increasing road traffic accident and increasing use of machineries trauma has become the leading cause of mortality and disability. Considering trauma abdominal trauma is one where early diagnosis and accurate assessment and timely intervention can save the life of the victim in most of the instances. This is a prospective observational study that represents the experience of 100 consecutive patients of blunt abdominal trauma with suspected intra-abdominal injuries admitted in surgical words of RMCH, Rajshahi. The most of the patients were male (87%) and in active phase of life. RTA (53%) was the most common cause of blunt abdominal trauma and majority of the patients (38%) arrived in the hospital within 7-24 hours. Major clinical signs of intra-abdominal injuries were signs of peritonitis. The main investigation done was plain X-ray abdomen (71%) in erect posture, of which 55% cases showed free gas under the done of the diaphragm. Out of 100 cases 77 patients were operated upon and 23 patients were managed conservatively. The incidence of hollow viscus injury (57%) was higher than solid organs (36%) injury but only five patients came out to be a negative laparotomy. Of all operated cases fifty one were recovered uneventfully and only twenty three patients developed various postoperative complications. The most of the patients (40%) left the hospital within 11-14 days. Seven patients died on the day of admission but total mortality was nine (9%) in number.TAJ 2015; 28(2): 7-14
By-pass Marker for detecting Esophageal Varices in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease
Authors: Ghose Sandipan , Hoque Md Azizul , Rahman MK , Khan MMR , Rashid Mohd Harun Or , Uddin Sk Md Afzal , Basak PM
Published: December 2018

This study was designed to make a relation between gall bladder wall thickening (GBWT) measured by ultrasonography and esophageal varices (EV) measured byupper gastrointestinal endoscopy in chronic liver disease patients. Itwas cross- sectional descriptive study. 50 cases ofChronic Liver Disease were recruited. GBWT was measured by ultrasonography and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was done for assessment of the presence and grade of EV in all cases. Among 50 cases, 34 (68%) were male and 16(32%) were female. Mean age (±SD) of the study population was 46.7 (±13.28) years of age. Esophageal varices were found in 42(84%) cases and 8(16%) cases had no varix. Among 42 cases of esophageal varices 9 cases had grade-I, 17 cases had grade-II and 16 cases had Grade-III esophageal varices. Gall bladder wall thickness up to 3mm was considered as normal. In this study GBWT value between (1-3) mm8 cases had no EV GBWT value between (3.1-5.9) mm ,10 cases had EV(9 cases had grade 1 and 1 case had grade 11 EV); GBWT value between (6-8.9) mm, 16 cases had grade 11 EV and GBWT value between (9-12) mm 16 cases had grade 111 EV. A significant statistical correlation was found between the level of GBWT and EV (P<0.001) and also between mean GBWT and EV (P<0.001). This study shows that the presence of EV is directly related to the level of GBWT and there is also association with the grade of EV and level of GBWT. This finding will permit the use of GBWT as a preliminary indirect parameter that will predict the presence EV. It can help clinicians in determining the urgency of care, especially where endoscopy facilities are not available.TAJ 2015; 28(2): 15-21
Epidemiological study of oral squamous cell carcinoma: A hospital based study in Dhaka city
Authors: Hossain Md Abul , Ahmed Md Mahiuddin , Rahman AFM Shahidur , Haider Md Nasim , Alam AKM Serajul
Published: December 2018

Objective: To find out the prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma among the tertiary and specialized level hospital in Dhaka cityMaterials and methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery of DDCH, NICRH, BSMMU and ShSMCH from january2009 to july 2010 .A total of 324 patient of histopatholgically proven cases of oscc were selected as a sample size. Both primary and secondary data were collected for the study. The prevalence OSCC were calculated by dividing the OSCC patient by total number of patient multiplying 100.Results: The total prevalence of OSCC 3.55% among the 4 tertiary and specialized level hospital in Dhaka city.Conclusion: The prevalence of OSCC among tertiary and specialized level hospital of Dhaka city was 3.55%.The rate is quite high. The prevalence of risk factor includes betel quit, smokeless tobacco, smoking and poor oral hygiene mas also high. The majority of the patient were present in advance stage of the diseases.TAJ 2015; 28(2): 22-25
Presentation and Risk Factors of Ischaemic Stroke Patients
Authors: Islam MN , Huda MN , Afzal SKM , Rahman MK , Khan MMR , Moni BP , Ekram ARMS
Published: December 2018

Stroke is the third most common cause of death and is the main cause of neurological disability today. This is an observational study conducted at the department of Medicine, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, to observe the risk factors of ischaemic stroke and their presentation during hospital admission. Fifty patients of stroke with cerebral infarction confirmed by CT scan of brain were included. Hypertension (74%), diabetes (42%), overweight (22%), alcoholic (12%), past history of stroke (10%), previous history of TIA (16%), Carotid bruit (20%) and hypercholesterolemia (48%) were found as risk factors. Hemiplegia (96%), facial weakness (34%), deglutition problem (38%), speech difficulty (60%) and coma (14%) were observed during hospitalization.TAJ 2015; 28(2): 40-43
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Metabolic Syndrome among patients attending in a tertiary care center in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan MMR , Rahman MK , Sana NK , Basak PM , Sarker BC , Islam M Akhtarul , Siddiqui Nure Alam , Jahan KI , Rashid MHO , Sarker A , Das CK , Majumder SC
Published: December 2018

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an emerging chronic liver disease and may lead to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is now the most common chronic liver disease in many developed as well as developing countries. This hospital based study was done to see the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome among patients attending in a tertiary care center in Bangladesh. Here, 334 nonalcoholic subjects of both sex and age were included. Metabolic syndrome was assessed by modified ATP III criteria and fatty liver diagnosis was based on ultrasound findings. 27.2% had the metabolic syndrome and was more common in female. Prevalence of NAFLD was 44% and was more common in female. Metabolic syndrome was found in 61.5% with NAFLD.TAJ 2015; 28(2): 44-51
Factors Associated with Hospital Admission in Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a Teaching Hospital
Authors: Siddiqui Md Nure Alom , Sultana Shahnaj , Khan MMR , Basak PM
Published: December 2018

Background: Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AE-COPD) impair quality of life (QOL), accelerate the decline in lung function and often require hospitalization, and thus, leading to increased healthcare burden. By identifying factors that may be associated with AE-COPD and managing them rationally, not only the hospital admissions could be avoided but progression of the disease may also be slowed.Objective. The aim of the present study was to determine the factors associated with hospital admissions among adults with AE-COPD.Methods. Seventy-three patients admitted with AE-COPD were administered a structured questionnaire during their hospital stay. Data on body mass index (BMI), smoking, symptoms, co-morbidities course of the disease, spirometry management and outcomes during the hospitalisation were obtained. Factors associated with hospital admissions were analyzed.Results. The hospitalization due to AE-COPD was significantly associated with the reduced forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and peak expiratory flow rates, increasing sputum purulence, number of hospitalizations during previous year for COPD and presence of co-morbidities.Conclusions. The study shows that both disease and healthcare-related factors are predictors for hospitalisation. Identification of risk factors and appropriate management may reduce hospitalisation due to AE-COPD.TAJ 2015; 28(2): 52-57
Disease severity and colonic involvement of Ulcerative colitis in a tertiary care hospital of Rajshahi Medical College
Authors: Basak PM , Khan MMR , Rahman MK , Das HS , Siddiqui Md Nure Alam , Islam M Akhtarul , Islam M Towfiqul , Islam MN , Rabbani Golam , Hannan MA
Published: December 2018

Ulcerative colitis is an idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that starts in the rectum and extends proximally. Ulcerative colitis is considered frequent in majority of European and North American population and exceptional in most of the developing Asian countries. The present study was designed to estimate the disease severity and colonic involvement of ulcerative colitis in a tertiary care hospital of Rajshahi Medical College. The study population includes of 60 ulcerative colitis patients. Patients were categorized on the basis of disease severity ; moderate : 34, and severe: 26 and involvement of colon: 28 (46.40%) pancolitis, 20 (33.96%) left sided colitis and had 12 (19.61%) proctosigmoiditis.TAJ 2015; 28(2): 58-60
A Retroperitoneal Inflammatory Pseudotumor involving Duodenum: A Case Report and Review of literature
Authors: Sarker MM , Ali MS , Sarker MK , Perveen NA
Published: December 2018

Inflammatory pseudotumor or (IPT) is a rare lesion of unclear etiology reported in various organs. Although mostly benign, these tumor may pose a therapeutic challenge in cases of recurrence. We report the case of a 65- years -old male who presented with a mass in the left upper abdomen and upon evaluation was noted to have IPT in the retro-peritoneum involving the duodenum. Complete surgical resection was done with primary repair of the 3rd part of the duodenum with no evidence of tumor recurrence on 6 months follow-up. We review the literature and discern the epidemiological, clinical, pathophysiological and management aspects of IPTs.TAJ 2015; 28(2): 61-63
Gastroschisis and Omphalocele: A Case report
Authors: Shamima Mosammat Nargis , Hossain Mohd Alamgir , Jesmin Shahela , Jahan Nargis , Tasnim Noshin
Published: December 2018

Fetal gastroschisis and omphalocele are congenital defects of abdominal wall that are often diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound done for routine screening or for obstetric indications such as evaluating an elevated maternal serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP).Regular antenatal checkup and Prenatal ultrasound could potentially identify the overwhelming majority of abdominal wall defects and accurately distinguish omphalocele from gastroschisis. But in a developing country like Bangladesh neglected patients fail to seek antenatal visit and prenatal diagnosis. Here we report a case of gastroschisis and omphalocele diagnosed incidentally during last trimester.TAJ 2015; 28(2): 64-65
Evaluation of Liver Function Tests in Type2 Diabetic patients
Authors: Islam M Akhtarul , Khan MMR , Basak PM , Khanam MM , Bhattacharyya PM
Published: December 2018

This was a descriptive cross-sectional comparative study carried out in Department of Medicine, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital and Rajshahi Diabetic Association Hospital from July 2008 to June 2010. 100 (one hundred) diagnosed type2 diabetic patients and 30 apparently healthy people were included. All of those study population were free from taking any hepatoxic drugs and free from any preexisting liver disease. This exclusion was done by history, through clinical examination and relevant investigations. The prevalence of abnormal serum bilirubin, ALT, AST, Alkaline phosphatase, prothrombin time and S. albumin were 6%, 30%, 7%, 6%, 54% and 12% respectively in type2 diabetic patients and 00%, 3.3%, 00%, 6.7%, 10% and 3.3% respectively in normal people. All the LFTs of type 2 diabetic patients were mildly abnormal except 2 patients (2%) had moderate elevation of ALT, 7 patient (7%) had markedly prolonged PT, and 1 patient (1%) had moderately decreased s. albumin. In normal people all LFTs abnormalities were mild.TAJ 2016; 29(1): 21-23
Normal Functioning Fused Pelvic Kidney: A Very Rare Renal Anomaly
Authors: Ahmed Parvez , Shah Kabiruzzaman , Begum Nasrin , Hossain Mosharruf , Chowdhury Shariful Islam , Islam Rafiqul , Khatun Shafaly
Published: December 2018

This study highlights two cases having fused pelvic kidneys who were referred at this institute by clinicians/nephrologists for 99mTechnetium (99mTc) DMSA and DTPA renal scintigraphy. One case was 24 year old female and the other case was 21 year old male. Both cases were undergone ultrasonographic examination for correlative purpose before renal scintigraphy. Their urinary drainage system was assessed with DMSA and DTPA renal scintigraphy, showing normal functioning fused pelvic kidneys. The authors also used diuretic during DTPA renogram to exclude the true obstructive feature of urinary tract.TAJ 2016; 29(1): 55-57
Ten Years of Participatory Cinema as a Form of Political Solidarity with Refugees in Italy. From ZaLab and Archivio Memorie Migranti to 4CaniperStrada
Authors: Frisina Annalisa , Muresu Stefania
Published: December 2018

This paper introduces the context of European mobilizations for and against refugees and how participatory cinema has become a way of expressing political solidarity with refugees in Italy. We present and discuss ten years of the artistic work of ZaLab and Archivio Memorie Migranti and focus on two film projects of 4CaniperStrada. Central to the production of participatory cinema in Italy is challenging the mainstream narrative of migration through the proactive involvement of asylum seekers, with their political subjectivity, by using a self-narrative method.
Associating an Entropy with Power-Law Frequency of Events
Authors: Curado Evaldo M. F. , Nobre Fernando D. , Plastino Angel
Published: December 2018

Events occurring with a frequency described by power laws, within a certain range of validity, are very common in natural systems. In many of them, it is possible to associate an energy spectrum and one can show that these types of phenomena are intimately related to Tsallis entropy S q . The relevant parameters become: (i) The entropic index q, which is directly related to the power of the corresponding distribution; (ii) The ground-state energy ε 0 , in terms of which all energies are rescaled. One verifies that the corresponding processes take place at a temperature T q with k T q ∝ ε 0 (i.e., isothermal processes, for a given q), in analogy with those in the class of self-organized criticality, which are known to occur at fixed temperatures. Typical examples are analyzed, like earthquakes, avalanches, and forest fires, and in some of them, the entropic index q and value of T q are estimated. The knowledge of the associated entropic form opens the possibility for a deeper understanding of such phenomena, particularly by using information theory and optimization procedures.
Theoretical Modeling, Design and Simulation of an Innovative Diverting Valve Based on Coanda Effect
Authors: Comes Giancarlo , Cravero Carlo
Published: December 2018

The present work is focused on the study of an innovative fluidic device. It consists of a two-ways diverter valve able to elaborate an inlet water flow and divert it through one of the two outlets without moving parts but as a result of a fluctuation of pressure induced by two actuation ports, or channels. Such apparatus is named Attachment Bi-Stable Diverter (ABD) and is able to work with the effect of the fluid adhesion to a convex wall adjacent to it, this phenomenon is known as Coanda Effect; it generates the force responsible for the fluid attachment and the consequent deviation. The main purpose of this work is to develop a knowhow for the design and development of such particular device. A mathematical model for the ABD has been developed and used to find the relationships between the geometrical parameters and the operative conditions. A configuration has been designed, simulated with a computational fluid dynamics approach. A prototype has been printed with and additive manufacturing printer and tested in laboratory to check the effective working point of the device.
Comparison of Nano-Mechanical Behavior between Selective Laser Melted SKD61 and H13 Tool Steels
Authors: Yun Jaecheol , Nguyen Van Luong , Choe Jungho , Yang Dong-Yeol , Lee Hak-Sung , Yang Sangsun , Yu Ji-Hun
Published: December 2018

Using nanoindentation under various strain rates, the mechanical properties of a laser powder bed fusion (PBF) SKD61 at the 800 mm/s scan speed were investigated and compared to PBF H13. No obvious pile-up due to the ratio of the residual depth (hf) and the maximum depth (hmax) being lower than 0.7 and no cracking were observed on any of the indenter surfaces. The nanoindentation strain-rate sensitivity (m) of PBF SKD61 was found to be 0.034, with hardness increasing from 8.65 GPa to 9.93 GPa as the strain rate increased between 0.002 s−1 and 0.1 s−1. At the same scan speed, the m value of PBF H13 (m = 0.028) was lower than that of PBF SKD61, indicating that the mechanical behavior of PBF SKD61 was more critically affected by the strain rate compared to PBF H13. PBF processing for SKD61 therefore shows higher potential for advanced tool design than for H13.
Nuts and Cardio-Metabolic Disease: A Review of Meta-Analyses
Authors: Kim Yoona , Keogh Jennifer , Clifton Peter M.
Published: December 2018

Objectives: Accumulating epidemiological and intervention evidence suggest that nut consumption is associated with reduced incidence of some cardiometabolic diseases. However, to date no review of meta-analyses of epidemiological and intervention studies has evaluated the effects of nut consumption on cardiometabolic disease. Design/Results: Electronic searches for meta-analyses of epidemiological and intervention studies were undertaken in PubMed®/MEDLINE®. Meta-analyses of prospective studies show that nut consumption appears to be associated with reduced all-cause mortality by 19–20% (n = 6), cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence (19%; n = 3) and mortality (25%; n = 3), coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence (20–34%; n = 2) and mortality (27–30%; n = 2) and stroke incidence (10–11%; n = 7) and mortality (18%; n = 2). No association between nut consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was observed in meta-analyses of prospective studies, whereas a decrease in fasting blood glucose ranging from 0.08 to 0.15 mmol/L was observed in 3 meta-analyses of intervention studies. In the interventions, nut consumption also had favorable effects on total cholesterol (0.021 to 0.28 mmol/L reduction from 8 meta-analyses of interventions) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.017 to 0.26 mmol/L reduction from 8 meta-analyses of interventions) and endothelial function (0.79 to 1.03% increase in flow-mediated dilation from 4 meta-analyses of interventions). Nut consumption did not significantly affect body weight. Nut consumption had no effect on inflammatory markers in intervention studies. The effect on blood pressure was inconsistent. A higher nut consumption was associated with a lower incidence of hypertension in prospective studies, while nut consumption did not improve blood pressure in intervention studies. Conclusions: Nut consumption appeared to be associated with lower all-cause mortality and CVD and CHD mortality. There was no association between nut consumption and the incidence of T2DM although fasting blood glucose is decreased in intervention studies. In intervention studies nuts lower total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).
Molecular Targets of Epigallocatechin—Gallate (EGCG): A Special Focus on Signal Transduction and Cancer
Authors: Negri Aide , Naponelli Valeria , Rizzi Federica , Bettuzzi Saverio
Published: December 2018

Green tea is a beverage that is widely consumed worldwide and is believed to exert effects on different diseases, including cancer. The major components of green tea are catechins, a family of polyphenols. Among them, epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant and biologically active. EGCG is widely studied for its anti-cancer properties. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms explaining its action have not been completely understood, yet. EGCG is effective in vivo at micromolar concentrations, suggesting that its action is mediated by interaction with specific targets that are involved in the regulation of crucial steps of cell proliferation, survival, and metastatic spread. Recently, several proteins have been identified as EGCG direct interactors. Among them, the trans-membrane receptor 67LR has been identified as a high affinity EGCG receptor. 67LR is a master regulator of many pathways affecting cell proliferation or apoptosis, also regulating cancer stem cells (CSCs) activity. EGCG was also found to be interacting directly with Pin1, TGFR-II, and metalloproteinases (MMPs) (mainly MMP2 and MMP9), which respectively regulate EGCG-dependent inhibition of NF-kB, epithelial-mesenchimal transaction (EMT) and cellular invasion. EGCG interacts with DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs), which modulates epigenetic changes. The bulk of this novel knowledge provides information about the mechanisms of action of EGCG and may explain its onco-suppressive function. The identification of crucial signalling pathways that are related to cancer onset and progression whose master regulators interacts with EGCG may disclose intriguing pharmacological targets, and eventually lead to novel combined treatments in which EGCG acts synergistically with known drugs.
Celiac Disease Diagnosed through Screening Programs in At-Risk Adults Is Not Associated with Worse Adherence to the Gluten-Free Diet and Might Protect from Osteopenia/Osteoporosis
Authors: Tovoli Francesco , Negrini Giulia , Sansone Vito , Faggiano Chiara , Catenaro Teresa , Bolondi Luigi , Granito Alessandro
Published: December 2018

Screening strategies to detect celiac disease (CD) in at-risk subjects are of paramount importance to prevent the possible long-term complications of this condition. It is therefore of strategic relevance to understand whether patients diagnosed through screening follow a strict gluten-free diet (GFD), as the non-compliance to this diet can make screening efforts pointless. Currently, no studies have verified whether CD patients diagnosed in their adulthood are adhering to the GFD years after the diagnosis. We retrospectively evaluated the medical records of 750 CD patients diagnosed in our center during January 2004–December 2013 to verify differences between screening detected and clinically diagnosed patients. The groups shared a similar adherence to the GFD (91.2 versus 89.8%, p = 0.857). Moreover, the rates of non-responsive CD, GFD-induced metabolic alterations, and persistence in controls were also similar. Instead, screening-detected patients had a significantly lower rate of osteopenia/osteoporosis at diagnosis (31.3 versus 46%, p < 0.001). In conclusion, screening strategies for CD in at-risk groups should be encouraged even in the adult population. Patients diagnosed through these strategies had no additional problems compared to those diagnosed for clinical suspicion and might benefit from a protective effect against metabolic bone disease.
Determinants of Plasma Docosahexaenoic Acid Levels and Their Relationship to Neurological and Cognitive Functions in PKU Patients: A Double Blind Randomized Supplementation Study
Authors: Demmelmair Hans , MacDonald Anita , Kotzaeridou Urania , Burgard Peter , Gonzalez-Lamuno Domingo , Verduci Elvira , Ersoy Melike , Gokcay Gulden , Alyanak Behiye , Reischl Eva , Müller-Felber Wolfgang , Faber Fabienne Lara , Handel Uschi , Paci Sabrina , Koletzko Berthold
Published: December 2018

Children with phenylketonuria (PKU) follow a protein restricted diet with negligible amounts of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Low DHA intakes might explain subtle neurological deficits in PKU. We studied whether a DHA supply modified plasma DHA and neurological and intellectual functioning in PKU. In a double-blind multicentric trial, 109 PKU patients were randomized to DHA doses from 0 to 7 mg/kg&day for six months. Before and after supplementation, we determined plasma fatty acid concentrations, latencies of visually evoked potentials, fine and gross motor behavior, and IQ. Fatty acid desaturase genotypes were also determined. DHA supplementation increased plasma glycerophospholipid DHA proportional to dose by 0.4% DHA per 1 mg intake/kg bodyweight. Functional outcomes were not associated with DHA status before and after intervention and remained unchanged by supplementation. Genotypes were associated with plasma arachidonic acid levels and, if considered together with the levels of the precursor alpha-linolenic acid, also with DHA. Functional outcomes and supplementation effects were not significantly associated with genotype. DHA intakes up to 7 mg/kg did not improve neurological functions in PKU children. Nervous tissues may be less prone to low DHA levels after infancy, or higher doses might be required to impact neurological functions. In situations of minimal dietary DHA, endogenous synthesis of DHA from alpha-linolenic acid could relevantly contribute to DHA status.