bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
miRNA profiling of uveal melanoma exosomes as a metastatic risk biomarker
Authors: Kilic E. , Smit K. , van Poppelen N. , Lunavat T. , Derks K. , Vaarwater J. , Verdijk R. , Mensink H. , Lötvall J. , de Klein A.
Published: September 2017

Purpose

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults. It is a highly aggressive cancer in which nearly 50% of patients die from liver metastasis. UM patients can be divided into 3 groups based on their genetic profile and disease free survival; the low risk, intermediate risk and high risk tumours. Recently, we have shown that high risk patients can be identified based on the expression of five miRNAs. Since tumour tissue is not always available and biopsies are not without risk, it is important to develop a method that can identify high risk patients in a non‐invasive manner. Exosomal miRNAs are an excellent candidate for this application.

Methods

Exosomes were isolated from the cell culture medium of a non‐metastatic and high risk metastatic UM cell line by ultracentrifugation and were characterized by western blot, electron microscopy and Nanosight Tracking Analysis (NTA). RNA was isolated from exosomes by the Qiagen RNeasy micro kit and quantified by an Agilent bioanalyzer. Subsequently, miRNA expression was measured by Taqman miRNA qPCR assays.

Results

All exosome samples isolated from cell medium showed expression of CD81. Bioanalyzer confirmed the absence of ribosomal RNA and an abundance of small RNAs. qPCR analysis shows changes in the expression of some classifier miRNAs in exosomes extracted from cell lines. Showing that the classifier miRNA signature in UM cells partially overlaps with the miRNA signature in exosomes secreted by UM cells.

Conclusions

These exosomal miRNAs show great promise as a reliable predictor of disease free survival in UM. Next step is to detect these exosomal markers in blood of UM patients as this will enable us to provide all UM patients with a prognosis in a non‐invasive manner.
Semi‐efficient valuations and put‐call parity
Authors: Herdegen Martin , Schweizer Martin
Published: September 2017

We propose an approach to the valuation of payoffs in general semimartingale models of financial markets where prices are nonnegative. Each asset price can hit 0; we only exclude that this ever happens simultaneously for all assets. We start from two simple, economically motivated axioms, namely, absence of arbitrage (in the sense of NUPBR) and absence of relative arbitrage among all buy‐and‐hold strategies (called static efficiency). A valuation process for a payoff is then called semi‐efficient consistent if the financial market enlarged by that process still satisfies this combination of properties. It turns out that this approach lies in the middle between the extremes of valuing by risk‐neutral expectation and valuing by absence of arbitrage alone. We show that this always yields put‐call parity, although put and call values themselves can be nonunique, even for complete markets. We provide general formulas for put and call values in complete markets and show that these are symmetric and that both contain three terms in general. We also show that our approach recovers all the put‐call parity respecting valuation formulas in the classic theory as special cases, and we explain when and how the different terms in the put and call valuation formulas disappear or simplify. Along the way, we also define and characterize completeness for general semimartingale financial markets and connect this to the classic theory.
In Colombia, peace dividend for science proveselusive
Authors: Wade Lizzie
Published: September 2017

Scientists protest steep budget cuts floated for 2018.
High-Throughput Protein Engineering Improves the Antigenicity and Stability of Soluble HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein SOSIP Trimers
Authors: Sullivan Jonathan T. , Sulli Chidananda , Nilo Alberto , Yasmeen Anila , Ozorowski Gabriel , Sanders Rogier W. , Ward Andrew B. , Klasse P. J. , Moore John P. , Doranz Benjamin J.
Published: September 2017

Soluble envelope glycoprotein (Env) trimers (SOSIP.664 gp140) are attractive HIV-1 vaccine candidates, with structures that mimic the native membrane-bound Env spike (gp160). Since engineering trimers can be limited by the difficulty of rationally predicting beneficial mutations, here we used a more comprehensive mutagenesis approach with the goal of identifying trimer variants with improved antigenic and stability properties. We created 341 cysteine pairs at predicted points of stabilization throughout gp140, 149 proline residue substitutions at every residue of the gp41 ectodomain, and 362 space-filling residue substitutions at every hydrophobic and aromatic residue in gp140. The parental protein target, the clade B strain B41 SOSIP.664 gp140, does not bind the broadly neutralizing antibody PGT151 and so was used here to identify improved variants that also provide insight into the structural basis for Env antigenicity. Each of the 852 mutants was expressed in human cells and screened for antigenicity using four different monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), including PGT151. We identified 29 trimer variants with antigenic improvements derived from each of the three mutagenesis strategies. We selected four variants (Q203F, T538F, I548F, and M629P) for more comprehensive biochemical, structural, and antigenicity analyses. The T538F substitution had the most beneficial effect overall, including restoration of the PGT151 epitope. The improved B41 SOSIP.664 trimer variants identified here may be useful for vaccine and structural studies.

IMPORTANCE
Soluble Env trimers have become attractive HIV-1 vaccine candidates, but the prototype designs are capable of further improvement through protein engineering. Using a high-throughput screening technology (shotgun mutagenesis) to create and evaluate 852 variants, we were able to identify sequence changes that were beneficial to the antigenicity and stability of soluble trimers based on the clade B B41
env
gene. The strategies described here may be useful for identifying a wider range of antigenically and structurally improved soluble trimers based on multiple genotypes for use in programs intended to create a broadly protective HIV-1 vaccine.
Potent Plasmablast-Derived Antibodies Elicited by the National Institutes of Health Dengue Vaccine
Authors: Magnani Diogo M. , Silveira Cassia G. T. , Ricciardi Michael J. , Gonzalez-Nieto Lucas , Pedreño-Lopez Núria , Bailey Varian K. , Gutman Martin J. , Maxwell Helen S. , Domingues Aline , Costa Priscilla R. , Ferrari Lilian , Goulart Raphaella , Martins Mauricio A. , Martinez-Navio José M. , Fuchs Sebastian P. , Kalil Jorge , Timenetsky Maria do Carmo , Wrammert Jens , Whitehead Stephen S. , Burton Dennis R. , Desrosiers Ronald C. , Kallas Esper G. , Watkins David I.
Published: September 2017

Exposure to dengue virus (DENV) is thought to elicit lifelong immunity, mediated by DENV-neutralizing antibodies (nAbs). However, Abs generated by primary infections confer serotype-specific protection, and immunity against other serotypes develops only after subsequent infections. Accordingly, the induction of these nAb responses acquired after serial DENV infections has been a long-sought-after goal for vaccination. Nonetheless, it is still unclear if tetravalent vaccines can elicit or recall nAbs. In this study, we have characterized the responses from a volunteer who had been previously exposed to DENV and was immunized with the live attenuated tetravalent vaccine Butantan-DV, developed by the NIH and Butantan Institute. Eleven days after vaccination, we observed an ∼70-fold expansion of the plasmablast population. We generated 21 monoclonal Abs (MAbs) from singly sorted plasmablasts. These MAbs were the result of clonal expansions and had significant levels of somatic hypermutation (SHM). Nineteen MAbs (90.5%) neutralized at least one DENV serotype at concentrations of 1 μg/ml or less; 6 of the 21 MAbs neutralized three or more serotypes. Despite the tetravalent composition of the vaccine, we observed a neutralization bias in the induced repertoire: DENV3 was targeted by 18 of the 19 neutralizing MAbs (nMAbs). Furthermore, the P3D05 nMAb neutralized DENV3 with extraordinary potency (concentration to achieve half-maximal neutralization [Neut
50
] = 0.03 μg/ml). Thus, the Butantan-DV vaccine engendered a mature, antigen-selected B cell repertoire. Our results suggest that preexisting responses elicited by a previous DENV3 infection were recalled by immunization.

IMPORTANCE
The dengue epidemic presents a global public health challenge that causes widespread economic burden and remains largely unchecked by existing control strategies. Successful control of the dengue epidemic will require effective prophylactic and therapeutic interventions. Several vaccine clinical efficacy trials are approaching completion, and the chances that one or more live attenuated tetravalent vaccines (LATVs) will be introduced worldwide is higher than ever. While it is widely accepted that dengue virus (DENV)-neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers are associated with protection, the Ab repertoire induced by LATVs remain uncharacterized. Here, we describe the isolation of potent (Neut
50
< 0.1 μg/ml) nAbs from a DENV-seropositive volunteer immunized with the tetravalent vaccine Butantan-DV, which is currently in phase III trials.
The Edinburgh Feeding Evaluation in Dementia Scale: A Longitudinal Study in Nursing Home Residents
Authors: Watson Roger , Bagnasco Annamaria , Catania Gianluca , Aleo Giuseppe , Zanini Milko , Sasso Loredana
Published: September 2017

Aims/Background: The Edinburgh Feeding Evaluation in Dementia (EdFED) scale has been shown to have good psychometric properties using a range of methods including Mokken scaling. We aimed to study the Italian version of the EdFED using Mokken scaling. Methods: Data were gathered at 7 time points from 401 nursing home residents affected by dementia in the course of a 6-month intervention study using analysis of variance, Mokken scaling, and person-item fit statistics. Results: The properties of the EdFED-I scale were stable over the course of the study with 4 items showing invariant item ordering at all time points. Some items behaved differently at different levels of difficulty in the scale and also depending on the mean level of feeding difficulty. The test information function showed a dip in the mid-range of difficulty scores.
X-Linked Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia: New Features and a Novel EDA Gene Mutation
Authors: Savasta Salvatore , Carlone Giorgia , Castagnoli Riccardo , Chiappe Francesca , Bassanese Francesco , Piras Roberta , Salpietro Vincenzo , Brazzelli Valeria , Verrotti Alberto , Marseglia Gian L.
Published: September 2017

We described a 5-year-old male with hypodontia, hypohidrosis, and facial dysmorphisms characterized by a depressed nasal bridge, maxillary hypoplasia, and protuberant lips. Chromosomal analysis revealed a normal 46,XY male karyotype. Due to the presence of clinical features of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED), the EDA gene, located at Xq12q13.1, of the patient and his family was sequenced. Analysis of the proband's sequence revealed a missense mutation (T to A transversion) in hemizygosity state at nucleotide position 158 in exon 1 of the EDA gene, which changes codon 53 from leucine to histidine, while heterozygosity at this position was detected in the slightly affected mother; moreover, this mutation was not found in the publically available Human Gene Mutation Database. To date, our findings indicate that a novel mutation in EDA is associated with X-linked HED, adding it to the repertoire of EDA mutations.
Variance Formulae for Correlation Measures of Linkage Disequilibrium
Authors: Roop Mary L. , Cole David E.C. , Hamilton David C.
Published: September 2017

Background: Linkage disequilibrium (LD) is the non-random association between alleles at different loci and remains important for disease mapping studies in humans. A common measure of LD is the sample correlation between indicator variables for alleles at the 2 loci. Knowledge of LD estimate precision may help inform biomedical decisions based on those estimates. Objectives and Methods: Variance formulae are obtained for correlation measures of LD in 4 scenarios. These scenarios include data in the form of gametic and genotypic counts, with different assumptions used to simplify the analysis. Results: The formulae are expressed as polynomials (or ratios of polynomials) in higher-order disequilibrium coefficients with constants which are functions of the allele frequencies and Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium coefficients. With genotypic data, the variance is the same as with gametic data when the phase is known and there is random mating. When the phase is unknown, the correlation LD has variance which is twice as large. Conclusions: Symbolic computation proved to be effective in facilitating algebraic derivations which would otherwise have been intractable.
Case Report: Pulmonary Tumor Thrombotic Microangiopathy in a Cervical Cancer Patient
Authors: Tsujimoto Naoya , Miyoshi Ai , Mimura Mayuko , Naka Toshio , Yamasaki Masaru , Yokoi Takeshi
Published: September 2017

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is a rapidly progressive and often fatal pulmonary disease induced by tumor emboli within the small pulmonary arteries. PTTM presents clinically as progressive hypoxia and pulmonary hypertension. Most cases of PTTM are caused by an adenocarcinoma of the stomach. We present the first case report of PTTM caused by cervical squamous cell carcinoma. An 82-year-old woman presented with vaginal bleeding and exertional dyspnea. A cervical mass biopsy showed squamous cell carcinoma. Computed tomography revealed ground glass opacity of the bilateral peripheral lung fields. Hypoxia and pulmonary hypertension gradually worsened after admission. Treatment for acute heart failure was started, but was ineffective. She died of respiratory failure 31 days after admission. She was diagnosed at autopsy as having PTTM induced by cervical squamous cell carcinoma. PTTM needs to be considered in any patient with advanced cancer and lung-related issues to rule out metastatic disease, even in the absence of imaging findings.
A new species of gall midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) damaging ornamental Callistemon (Myrtaceae) in Australia
Authors: KOLESIK PETER , MANNERS ANDREW G. , HILLS-HAYES BRENT
Published: September 2017

Callistemon (Myrtaceae) is a plant genus native to Australia with many cultivars grown as ornamentals worldwide. Several orange larvae of an undescribed gall midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) were found feeding within vegetative buds of Callistemon viminalis plants grown in a production greenhouse in Victoria, Australia. Infested buds stopped their development and, following the departure of larvae, turned necrotic. Pupation took place in the soil. Young potted plants were infested and severely retarded in their overall growth. The new species is described and named Dasineura callistemoni Kolesik sp. nov.
Association of admission and discharge anemia status with outcomes in patients hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure: Differences between patients with preserved and reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Kajimoto Katsuya , Minami Yuichiro , Otsubo Shigeru , Sato Naoki
Published: September 2017

Background:

In acute decompensated heart failure patients with a preserved or reduced ejection fraction, the association of admission and discharge anemia status with outcomes remains unclear.

Methods and results:

Of the 4842 patients enrolled in the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Syndromes (ATTEND) registry, 4433 patients (2017 with a preserved and 2416 with a reduced ejection fraction) were examined to investigate associations among the anemia status at admission and discharge (no anemia, developed anemia, resolved anemia, or persistent anemia), a preserved or reduced ejection fraction and the primary endpoint (all-cause death and readmission for heart failure). In the preserved ejection fraction group, adjusted analysis showed that either developed or persistent anemia was associated with a significantly higher risk of the primary endpoint relative to no anemia (hazard ratio: 1.53; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11–2.11; p=0.009 and hazard ratio: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.26–2.04; p<0.001, respectively), but there was no association between resolved anemia and the primary endpoint (hazard ratio: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.67–1.45; p=0.937). In the reduced ejection fraction group, either developed or resolved anemia was associated with a tendency toward higher risk of the primary endpoint relative to no anemia (hazard ratio: 1.29; 95% CI: 0.95–1.62; p=0.089, and hazard ratio: 1.31; 95% CI: 0.96–1.77; p=0.085, respectively), while persistent anemia was associated with a significantly higher risk of the primary endpoint relative to no anemia (hazard ratio: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.12–1.65; p=0.002).

Conclusions:

In acute decompensated heart failure patients, the association of admission and discharge anemia status with outcomes differs markedly between patients with a preserved or reduced ejection fraction.
Long-Term Economic and Employment Outcomes Among Partners of Women With Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Veenstra Christine M. , Wallner Lauren P. , Jagsi Reshma , Abrahamse Paul , Griggs Jennifer J. , Bradley Cathy J. , Hawley Sarah T.
Published: September 2017

Purpose:

Work loss is one of many personal costs for patients with cancer and their families. Many women with breast cancer face long-term job loss that stems from their diagnoses. However, little is known about the economic and employment outcomes of partners of women with breast cancer.

Methods:

Women with nonmetastatic breast cancer identified by the Detroit and Los Angeles SEER registries between June 2005 and February 2007 were surveyed at both 9 months and 4 years after diagnosis. Partners were surveyed 4 years after patients’ diagnoses. Nonretired partners were asked about employment and financial consequences that stemmed from the patients’ breast cancer diagnoses and treatments.

Results:

A total of 517 (67%) of 774 eligible partners completed the survey; 32% reported worsened financial status attributed to patients’ breast cancers. Two hundred forty nonretired partners worked during the year after the patients’ diagnoses; 90% were still working 4 years postdiagnosis. A total of 32% of partners decreased their work hours as a result of patients’ breast cancer diagnoses and treatments; 64% of partners reported that, as a result of patients’ breast cancer diagnoses and treatments, it was very/extremely important to keep working to keep health insurance. Overall, 51% of partners reported that it was very/extremely important to avoid changing jobs, because they were worried about loss of health insurance.

Conclusion:

Nearly one third of partners reported that their financial status was worse because of the patient’s breast cancer, although most remained working 4 years after a diagnosis. Partners may continue to work longer than desired to compensate for a loss of financial resources in the family.
The Evolution of Value Systems: A Review Essay on Ian Morris's Foragers, Farmers, and Fossil Fuels
Authors: Bisin Alberto
Published: September 2017

Foragers, Farmers, and Fossil Fuels: How Human Values Evolve is a large-scale history of the world through the different modes of production humanity has adopted over time and their implications in terms of moral values. Morris argues that the predominant value systems of human societies are cultural adaptations to the organizational structures of the societies themselves, their institutions, and ultimately to their modes of production. In particular, the book contains a careful analysis of how the hunting–gathering mode of production induces egalitarian values and relatively favorable attitudes toward violent resolution of conflicts, while farming induces hierarchical values and less favorable attitudes toward violence, and in turn the fossil fuel (that is, industrial) mode of production induces egalitarian values and nonviolent attitudes. The narrative in the book is rich, diverse, and ultimately entertaining. Morris's analysis is very knowledgeable and informative: arguments and evidence are rooted in history, anthropology, archeology, and social sciences in general. Nonetheless, the analysis falls short of being convincing about the causal nature of the existing relationship between modes of production and moral value systems. ( JEL A13, D02, N30, N60, Z13)
Cortázar et Saramago : la représentation de la dictature et l’affirmation de l’engagement
Authors: Martins Celina
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Cortázar and Saramago: the Representation of Dictatorship and the Strength of Engagement. Julio Cortázar and José Saramago create the poetics of compromise focused on a critique of the Argentinian and Portuguese dictatorships as paradigms of oppression and censorship. With this study, based on a comparatist analysis approach, we intend to show how the short stories “The Second Time Around” and “The Chair” denounce the evils of dictatorship, shaping fictions that explore the experience of impoverishment of the self. Cortázar’s text explores the practice of disappearance during Videla’s dictatorship from a absurd Kafkaesque perspective whereas Saramago’s writing focuses on the decline of Salazar’s dictatorship as a carnival game. Cortázar and Saramago assume the relevance of compromise, the aim of which is political disalienation in order to shape consciences enabling reassessing the evil effects of disalienating dictatorial regimes.
Medikamentenbezogene Überzeugungen („beliefs about medicines“): Konzept und Rolle in Public Health
Authors: Brandstetter Susanne , Apfelbacher Christian
Published: September 2017

Non-Adhärenz bzgl. der verordneten Medikation ist ein ubiquitäres Phänomen in der Versorgung chronischer Krankheiten. Unter den Adhärenz beeinflussenden Faktoren wurden in jüngerer Zeit vermehrt sog. medikamentenbezogene Überzeugungen betrachtet. Über eine Vielzahl von Studien hinweg zeigt sich Adhärenz konsistent mit stärker ausgeprägten Überzeugungen zur Notwendigkeit der eigenen Medikation und weniger stark ausgeprägten Befürchtungen assoziiert. Die Evidenzlage zu Interventionen ist unklar.
Microstructure and corrosion properties of SiC/Al-Mg-Cu-Si-Sn composites
Authors: Shen Rujuan , Zhou Pengfei , Xiao Daihong , Song Min
Published: September 2017

The SiC/Al-Mg-Cu-Si-Sn composites with different quantities of SiC particles by volume were fabricated using hot-pressing sintering. The effects of SiC volume fraction on the microstructure, Vickers hardness, and corrosion behavior of the composites were studied using the optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, Vickers hardness test, and corrosion testing. The results show that adding SiC particles shortened the time required to reach the peak-aged state of the composites and increased the hardness. Corrosion potentials of the composites did not vary greatly or show any definite trends in relation to the amounts of the SiC contents.
Elternschaft aus theologisch-ethischer Perspektive vor dem Hintergrund des EKD-Familienpapiers
Authors: Schardien Stefanie
Published: September 2017

Die evangelische theologisch-ethische und kirchliche Perspektive auf Elternschaft hat sich in den vergangenen Jahren deutlich verändert. Anstatt auf die jeweilige Gestalt von Familie und die damit verbundenen Formen von Elternschaft zu fokussieren, ist die Gestaltung der Beziehungen deutlicher in den Blick gerückt. Der Artikel beschreibt die Entwicklung und theologische Motivation dieser Veränderungen und skizziert die möglichen gemeindepraktischen Konsequenzen in der heutigen Elternarbeit.
Religiöse Bildung und Elternarbeit im schulischen Kontext
Authors: Domsgen Michael
Published: September 2017

In jüngerer Zeit rückt der Zusammenhang zwischen schulischer Bildung und familialer Sozialisation verstärkt in das Blickfeld des Interesses. Nicht zuletzt die PISA-Studien zeigen, dass gegenwärtige Unterrichtsformen und -stile nicht für alle Schülerinnen und Schüler gleichermaßen anschlussfähig sind. Religiöse Bildung ist davon nicht ausgenommen, wie ein Blick (hier am Beispiel Sachsen-Anhalts) auf ausgewählte empirische Befunde zeigen kann. Das lässt verstärkt nach der Einbeziehung der Familienperspektive fragen. Entfaltet wird das einerseits hinsichtlich ihrer religionsdidaktischen Implikationen und andererseits mit Blick auf Anforderungen einer religionspädagogisch profilierten Elternarbeit.
Nicholas Kaldor’s life and insights into the applied economics of growth
Authors: Thirlwall Anthony Philip
Published: September 2017

This article celebrates the life and work of the Hungarian economist Nicholas Kaldor, and particularly his emphasis on industrial structure and the role of demand in determining the growth performance of nations.
PEMELIHARAAN LARVA KERAPU RAJA SUNU (Plectropomus laevis) DENGAN PERBEDAAN AWAL PEMBERIAN PAKAN BUATAN
Authors: Slamet Bejo , Aslianti Titiek , Setiawati Ketut Maha , Andriyanto Wawan , Nasukha Afifah
Published: September 2017

Ikan kerapu raja sunu (Plectropomus laevis) merupakan komoditas ekspor yang bernilai ekonomis tinggi di pasar Asia, namun stoknya di alam sudah langka. Pemberian pakan buatan dalam pemeliharaan larvanya telah dilakukan, namun waktu respon awal larva terhadap pakan buatan secara tepat belum diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui waktu awal pemberian pakan buatan yang efektif pada pemeliharaan larvanya. Tiga perlakuan pemberian pakan buatan yang diuji yaitu mulai umur 7 hari (D-7) (A), D-10 (B), dan D-13 (C). Parameter yang diamati meliputi perkembangan panjang total, sintasan larva, jumlah rotifer dalam lambung dan histologi organ pencernaan larva. Penelitian berlangsung sampai larva berumur 43 hari, menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga kelompok waktu untuk setiap perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan waktu awal pemberian pakan buatan berpengaruh terhadap sintasan dan pertumbuhan larva. Panjang total dan sintasan larva umur 43 hari yang tertinggi dicapai pada perlakuan B yaitu 29,3 mm ± 0,36 mm dan 2,61% ± 0,21%; diikuti oleh perlakuan C dengan nilai 28,0 mm ± 0,85 mm dan 1,55% ± 0,18%; dan yang terendah pada perlakuan A adalah 27,0 mm ± 0,25 mm dan 0,85% ± 0,13%. Data ini menunjukkan bahwa waktu awal pemberian pakan buatan yang terbaik adalah mulai larva berumur 10 hari.
ISOLASI DAN SELEKSI BAKTERI PROBIOTIK DARI LINGKUNGAN TAMBAK DAN HATCHERI UNTUK PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT VIBRIOSIS PADA LARVA UDANG WINDU, Penaeus monodon
Authors: Widanarni Widanarni , Rajab Fahmi , Sukenda Sukenda , Setiawati Mia
Published: September 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh bakteri probiotik yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan Vibrio harveyi untuk pengendalian penyakit vibriosis pada larva udang windu. Jumlah isolat bakteri yang berhasil diisolasi dari 34 sumber yang berbeda di lingkungan tambak dan hatcheri ada 118 isolat. Dari total isolat tersebut setelah diseleksi secara in vitro menggunakan metode Kirby-Bauer dipilih 3 isolat bakteri kandidat probiotik yang paling potensial dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri V. harveyi MR5339, yaitu isolat 9a berasal dari Cyclotella dengan zona hambat 12,8 mm; isolat Ua berasal dari saluran pencernaan udang vaname dengan zona hambat 14,5 mm; dan isolat P17Bb berasal dari air pemeliharaan kerapu bebek dengan zona hambat 15,0 mm. Hasil uji patogenisitas dengan konsentrasi bakteri 106 CFU/mL menunjukkan bahwa ketiga isolat tersebut tidak bersifat patogen pada larva udang windu. Hasil uji tantang pada larva udang juga menunjukkan bahwa ketiga isolat tersebut mampu meningkatkan sintasan larva udang windu. Nilai sintasan larva pada perlakuan yang selain diinfeksi dengan V. harveyi MR5339 juga ditambah probiotik Ua, 9a, dan P17Bb masing-masing adalah 88,3%; 88,3%; dan 76,7% sedangkan pada perlakuan yang hanya diinfeksi dengan V. harveyi MR5339 tanpa probiotik nilai sintasannya hanya mencapai 65,0%. Populasi V. harveyi pada perlakuan dengan penambahan bakteri probiotik tampak lebih rendah dibanding perlakuan tanpa probiotik, hal ini menunjukkan kemungkinan adanya kompetisi antara bakteri V. harveyi dengan bakteri probiotik
Islamic and Jewish Religious Feminists Tackle Islamic and Jewish Oral Law: Maintenance and Rebellion of Wives
Authors: Roded Ruth
Published: September 2017

Beginning in the early 1970s, Jewish and Muslim feminists, tackled “oral law”—Mishna and Talmud, in Judaism, and the parallel Hadith and Fiqh in Islam, and several analogous methodologies were devised. A parallel case study of maintenance and rebellion of wives —mezonoteha, moredet al ba?ala; nafaqa al-mar?a and nush?z—in classical Jewish and Islamic oral law demonstrates similarities in content and discourse. Differences between the two, however, were found in the application of oral law to daily life, as reflected in “responsa”—piskei halacha and fatwas. In modern times, as the state became more involved in regulating maintenance and disobedience, and Jewish law was backed for the first time in history by a state, state policy and implementation were influenced by the political system and socioeconomic circumstances of the country. Despite their similar origin in oral law, maintenance and rebellion have divergent relevance to modern Jews and Muslims.
太阳能在绿色建筑中的应用浅析
Authors: 王 晶
Published: September 2017

太阳能是取之不尽，用之不竭的绿色新自然能源，是既可以免费使用，又可不断地再生，无需运输，没有污染物排放，应用中无噪声的清洁能源，因此很符合我国目前“节能减排”的国策，目前已得到广泛应用。
新技术和新材料在建筑设计中的应用研究
Authors: 吴 春
Published: September 2017

伴随我国建筑行业的蓬勃发展，各种新型的施工技术和建筑材料被广泛应用与建筑设计中，节能环保领域的研究和创新尤为突出，本文简要针对新技术和新材料在建筑设计中的应用进行研究，帮助建筑行业提升质量和功能水平。
探析桩基工程管理存在的问题及其对策
Authors: 金 吉祥
Published: September 2017

基础作为工程建设的重要内容，其也是保障工程安全的立足之本。随着工程建设高度的增加和地下层数的增多，桩基已经成为首选的基础类型。但是由于桩基工程施工会受地质条件影响大、施工工艺隐蔽性强等特殊性因素，所以加强桩基工程管理就显得特别重要，基于此，本文概述了桩基工程，对桩基工程管理存在的主要问题及其对策进行了探讨分析，旨在保障工程建设的顺利实施。
低碳环保理念在建筑设计中的应用研究
Authors: 李 鹏飞
Published: September 2017

本文首先对低碳环保理念在建筑设计中的具体表现进行了分析，并从合理设计建筑空间、使用绿色建筑材料、加强自然光源的利用以及加强保温设计四个方面对低碳环保理念在建筑设计中的应用策略进行了分析与研究。
对生态城市规划的具体工作的探讨
Authors: 赵 晓红
Published: September 2017

分析了生态城市规划的一般性、价值性和原则性，阐述了生态城市规划中存在的问题，并在此基础上提出了生态城市规划的建议。
Activite Antifongique Des Extraits Aqueux De Calendula Officinalis L, Urginea Maritima (L.) Baker Et Chenopodium Ambrosioides L.
Authors: Amine Daoudi , Mohamed Bammou , Zoubida Haloui , Jamal Ibijbijen , Laila Nassiri
Published: September 2017

Fungi are the cause of many human, animal and plant diseases. In the context of valorization of aromatic and medicinal plants of the Central Middle Atlas of Morocco, three plants were selected, based on the results of an ethnobotanical survey in this region, to evaluate their antifungal activity against five Fungi, namely Fusarium oxysporum sp. albedinis, Alternaria sp, Penicillium expansum, Aspergillus brasiliensis and Rhizopus stolonifer. A quantification of the total polyphenols was mesured out for the aqueous extracts of the studied plants Urginea maritima (L.) Baker of the Liliaceae family, Chenopodium ambrosoides L. of the Chenopodiaceae Family and Calendula officinalis L of the Asteraceae family, to choose the form in which the tests will be performed. According to the results, Aspergillus brasiliensis was found sensitive to the macerate of Urginea maritima (L.) Baker at a concentration of 10.71 mg / ml. The percent of inhibition (PI) of mycelial growth was 43.33%. At the same concentration, Fusarium oxysporum showed a slight sensitivity with PI = 19.25%. Furthermore the Chenopodium ambrosoides L decoctate was active against Aspergillus brasiliensis, Alternaria sp and Fusarium oxysporum with PI respectively equal to 41.11%, 40.37% and 27.77%. However, the infusion of Calendula officinalis L showed no effect on the strains tested.
PENGARUH MEKANISME CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN UMUR PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP KETEPATAN WAKTU PELAPORAN KEUANGAN (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Sektor Pertambangan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Pada Tahun 2010-2012)
Authors: Bulo Randi Hermawan , Arafat M. Yasser , Anggraini Ratna
Published: September 2017

The objective of study examines the influence of mechanism corporate governance consist of managerial ownership and institutional ownership, and then age of company on timeliness of corporate financial reporting. This research represents the empirical test which used purposive sampling techniques in data collection. Data were collected using a secondary data of 28 from mining company listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange 2010-2012. Data analysis uses multiple regression with the program SPSS 16.00 version for windows. Results of hypothesis examination indicate there is influence between institutional ownership and age of company on Timeliness of Corporate Financial Reporting, and there is no influence between Managerial ownership on Timeliness of Corporate Financial Reporting.

 

Keywords: Timeliness, Managerial Ownership, Institutional Ownership, Age of Company
Estimation of Thermal Instabilities in Soils around Underground Electrical Power Cables
Authors: Kroener Eva , Campbell Gaylon S. , Bittelli Marco
Published: September 2017

Core Ideas

We studied coupled water, vapor, and heat flow around underground cables.

There is a water–vapor flow cycle in the soil around these cables.

This water–vapor cycle breaks down at the critical heat dissipation rate.

The critical heat dissipation rate depends on soil hydraulic properties.

The decentralized production of electrical energy from wind requires the installation of more and more underground power cables. From an economic standpoint it is very important to estimate the cables' lifetime, which strongly depends on the temperature. A correct estimation of cable temperature requires an accurate description of the heat balance equation around the cable. Most of the models used to assess heat dissipation from cables, however, do not consider that the soil thermal conductivity strongly depends on soil water content and hydraulic dynamics in the vicinity of the cable. The high temperature around the cable induces a water–vapor cycle in the soil: liquid water evaporates near the cable, and this vapor condensates in the more distant and colder parts of the soil. Above a critical heat dissipation rate, the soil around the cable dries out and the water–vapor cycle breaks down. In this study, we analytically estimated the critical heat dissipation rate as a function of soil type, soil temperature, and water content. We validated the analytical estimation by comparison to a numerical solution of the coupled heat–water–vapor transport for various soil types and conditions. The numerical code was validated by simulating a soil drying experiment. The proposed estimation of thermal instabilities in soils could become a powerful tool in the design of underground electrical power cable systems.
HUKUMAN BAGI PELAKU PERKOSAAN MELALUI ANUS (ANAL SEX): PERSPEKTIF FIKIH JINAYAH DAN HUKUM PIDANA INDONESIA
Authors: Al Masyariqi Ubaidillah
Published: September 2017

This article examines anal rape, one of the most often ignored by modern criminal jurists. There are two things studied, namely how Indonesian criminal law view penalties for rape perpetrators through anal (anal sex)? And what about jināyāh jurisprudence about punishment for rape perpetrators through anal (anal sex)? This article is a library research. The data obtained were analyzed by analytical descriptive method and content analysis. After that, it is computed based on the perspective of criminal law and fiqh law. The results of the study yielded two findings. First, in criminal law, anal sex rape is juridically categorized as obscene acts, so the perpetrator is only sentenced to a maximum of 9 years in prison, 3 years lighter than the threat of intra vaginal rape for 12 years. Secondly, in jināyāh jurisprudence, if based on jikhur ulama's jurisprudence, the penalty for anal sex rape perpetrators is ḥadd zina punishment and coupled with the penalty of payment of dowry to the victim, there is no difference with intra vaginal rape penalty. If based on the doctrine of al-Ḥanafiyyah cleric, then the punishment for the perpetrators of anal sex rape is ta'zīr penalty, but there is no penalty of dowry payment.
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Artikel ini mengkaji tentang salah satu bentuk perkosaan, yang paling sering diabaikan oleh para ahli hukum pidana di abad modern ini, yaitu perkosaan melalui anus (anal sex). Ada dua hal yang dikaji, yaitu bagaimana pandangan hukum pidana Indonesia tentang hukuman bagi pelaku perkosaan melalui anus (anal sex)? Dan bagaimana pandangan fikih jināyāh tentang hukuman bagi pelaku perkosaan melalui anus (anal sex)? Artikel ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Data-yang diperoleh dianalisa berdasarkan metode deskriptif analitis dan content analysis. Setelah itu, dikomparasikan berdasarkan sudut pandang hukum pidana dan hukum fikih. Hasil studi menghasilkan dua temuan. Pertama, di dalam hukum pidana, perkosaan anal sex secara yuridis dikategorikan sebagai perbuatan cabul, sehingga pelakunya hanya diganjar hukuman maksimal 9 tahun penjara, 3 tahun lebih ringan dibandingkan dengan ancaman pidana perkosaan intra vaginal selama 12 tahun. Kedua, di dalam fikih jināyāh, jika mendasarkan pada fikih jumhur ulama, hukuman bagi pelaku perkosaan anal sex adalah hukuman ḥadd zina dan ditambah dengan hukuman pembayaran mahar kepada korban, tidak ada perbedaan dengan hukuman perkosaan intra vaginal. Jika mendasarkan pada doktrin ulama al-Ḥanafiyyah, maka hukuman bagi pelaku perkosaan anal sex adalah hukuman taʻzīr, namun tidak terdapat hukuman pembayaran mahar.
MEMAHAMI SURABAYA DARI KAMPUNG DINOYO
Authors: Husain Sarkawi B.
Published: September 2017

Tepat satu dekade setelah Howard Dick menerbitkan bukunya yang berjudul “Surabaya, City of Work: A Socio-economic Histroy, 1900-2000” (2003), akhirnya sebuah buku tentang masyarakat dan kota Surabaya terbit kembali di penghujung tahun 2013. Buku yang berjudul “Surabaya, 1945-2010: Neighbourhood, State, and Economy in Indonesia’s City of Struggle” ini ditulis oleh Robbie Peters, seorang antropolog dan dosen di University of Sydney yang sekaligus dapat dikatakan sebagai Indonesianis generasi baru. Pilihannya memilih Surabaya sebagai fokus kajian patut diapresiasi. Sepanjang pengetahuan saya, tidak banyak ilmuan asing yang menaruh perhatian pada Kota Surabaya terutama untuk kajian yang sifatnya komprehensif. Sebelum Robbie Peters, beberapa nama dapat disebut seperti James Peacok (1968), William Frederick (1978; 1986), dan Howard Dick (2003).
Optimización del proceso de elaboración del bollo de yuca en el municipio de San Juan Nepomuceno, Bolívar-Colombia
Authors: Granados Conde Clemente , Sarabia Caffroni Estefanía , Granados Llamas Edgar
Published: September 2017

El objetivo de ésta  investigación fue optimizar el proceso de  elaboración del bollo de yuca, el cual es un producto autóctono  de la costa caribe colombiana y se procesa en el municipio de San Juan de Nepomuceno, departamento de Bolívar, donde se evaluó el proceso actual y el propuesto con el fin de verificar su  calidad, aceptación, estudio de tiempos y movimientos. Los resultados obtenidos establecieron que ambos  bollos presentaron un nivel de calidad microbiológica de acuerdo a lo establecido en la NTC 4519;  el proceso propuesto presentó un menor recuento microbiano debido a que se estableció control higiénico sanitario. En lo referente a la evaluación sensorial el proceso propuesto favoreció la aceptabilidad del bollo de yuca, con altos valores de olor, sabor y color respectivamente, la textura del bollo de yuca artesanal fue el de mayor aceptación; en el aspecto fisicoquímico el bollo  de yuca propuesto presentó mejores características como un incremento en proteínas y fibras. En el  estudio de tiempos y movimientos, estos se disminuyeron un  24.4% en tiempo y un 33 % en movimientos, los cuales optimizaran el proceso y disminuirán los costos.
DOSIMETRÍA IN VIVO EN TRATAMIENTOS DE CANCER DE CÉRVIX CON Ir-192
Authors: Alvarino Gustavo B , Pardo P Enrique , Quijano Parra Alfonso
Published: September 2017

Para asegurar la calidad en los tratamientos de braquiterapia de alta tasa de dosis intracavitarios en Ca de cérvix, es necesario que los fotones de Ir – 192 entreguen la dosis prescrita, con la mayor precisión posible, en el tumor y se debe minimizar la distribución de dosis, en el tejido sano y órganos críticos que rodean al tumor, tan baja como sea razonablemente deseable. Por esta razón debemos hacer la medición directamente sobre el  tejido humano. En este trabajo se realiza el proceso de medición en pacientes con cáncer de cérvix tratados con Ir –192, en los cuales utilizamos dosímetros TLD-100 de LiF: Mg; Ti, que se ubican en recto y vejiga para comprobar la dosis real recibida, utilizando la dosimetría in vivo, comparándola con la medición arrojada por el sistema de planeación Abacus 3.1, puesto que estos órganos deben recibir menos del 70%. Palabras clave: Braquiterapia HDR, Dosimetría in vivo, Termoluminiscencia
Chunibyo: Psychological Disorders in Anime Aura: Maryuinko Ga Saigo No Tatakai
Authors: Laksmita Sari Ida Ayu , Aggraeny Renny
Published: September 2017

This study discusses the behavior of the characters in anime Aura: Maryuinko ga Saigo no Tatakai who are suffering from chunibyo psychological disorders. Chunibyo? behavior can occur because of excessive admiration of animated character so that one can be dissolved in an imaginary world. Through the psychological theory of literature and psychology of personality this paper analyzes the behavior of chunibyo in Anime Aura: Maryuinko ga Saigo no Tatakai, discrimination exercised by the local community and how to cure chunibyo psychological disorders. The results showed that the characters in anime Aura: Maryuinko ga Saigo no Tatakai suffer from psychological disorder of chunibyo jakigankei type characterized, among others, by possession of another identity, consider themselves super hero, come from other world, and the rejection of the environment. Discriminatory behavior which is the most widely accepted by the patient of chunibyo is ijime (bullying). In this anime, the characters can be cured in many ways by involving them into the fantasy world and taking them back to the real world.
Filiação, Adopção e Protecção de Menores
Authors: Gomes Carla Amado
Published: September 2017

A filiação, tal como a família, é um conceito apanhado na tempestade da revolução dos costumes que assola as estruturas sociais (dos Estados ocidentais) desde os anos 1960. À família tradicional, fundada no casamento, junta-se a família tecida nos afectos, em união de facto; aos votos de casamento "até que a morte os separe" sobrepõe-se, em proporções crescentemente preocupantes, a atitude do "é eterno enquanto dura", proliferando os divórcios e a fragmentação da família; à filiação natural acrescenta-se a filiação através de técnicas de procriação artificial, concretizando legítimos desejos de desenvolvimento da personalidade de pais incapazes de gerar por processos biológicos naturais, mas abrindo possibilidades de filiação alheias à contextualização familiar tradicional. Já não constituem propriamente surpresas (embora possam gerar perplexidade...) notícias como a de uma mãe de 50 anos que se prestou a ser inseminada com sémen do marido da filha, a fim de dar a luz os filhos (irmãos? netos?) que esta não podia gerar. O Tribunal Europeu dos Direitos do Homem, numa decisão que tem ressonâncias da filmografia de Pedro Almodovar, já reconheceu que existe família entre um transsexual, a sua companheira e um filho que esta gerou, por inseminação artificial. Enfim, com a viragem do século, já há até quem defenda — em dissertação de doutoramento em Inteligência Artificial —a possibilidade de casamento entre humanos e robots (e porque não, levando o raciocínio às últimas consequências, a filiação robótica?).
A Caminho da Administração Pública Electrónica
Authors: Cabral Manuel De Novaes , Maia Raquel
Published: September 2017

As ideias liberais cimentaram-se a nível económico com Friedrick August von Hayek, um economista liberal clássico, Prémio Nobel da Economia em 1974, que defende que uma economia é um sistema demasiado complexo para ser planeado por uma instituição central e deve evoluir espontaneamente. Pela mesma época, o neo-liberal Milton Friedman, também Prémio Nobel da Economia em 1976, torna-se um dos mais influentes teóricos do liberalismo económico e defensor do capitalismo laissez-faire e do livre mercado. O reforço dos ideais liberais no mundo da economia dispara grandes críticas ao funcionamento da Administração Pública pela excessiva burocracia e ineficiência, acusando-a de obstaculizar o desenvolvimento económico.
Reorganizações Societárias e Arrendamento
Authors: Falcão José Diogo
Published: September 2017

No início do século XXI, em pleno capitalismo globalizado, as sociedades comerciais, mercê de diversificadas razões (conquista de quota no mercado, crescimento, concorrência de outras empresas, por vezes motivada pela entrada de grandes empresas estrangeiras no mercado nacional, diminuição de capitais próprios, etc.), têm vindo a sentir a necessidade de se reestruturar, por vezes de se reinventar, com vista a enfrentar as dificuldades com que no seu giro comercial diário se deparam. Esta necessidade das sociedades comerciais se reorganizarem implica, por vezes, a transmissão definitiva da sua empresa (do seu estabelecimento comercial ou industrial), quer se trate de transmissão directa (asset deal) quer de transmissão indirecta (share deal). As presentes notas referem-se aos efeitos que a reorganização das sociedades, designadamente ao nível do instituto da fusão, cisão e transformação da sociedade, provocam no contrato de arrendamento no caso de aquelas sociedades serem titulares de empresa explorada em imóvel arrendado. Durante o século XX assistimos à transformação gradual da forma organizativa da empresa, enquanto organização unitária de meios produtivos. Com efeito, a empresa individual do início do século XX, explorada por um empresário ou comerciante singular, foi dando lugar à empresa colectiva, normalmente explorada por uma sociedade comercial.
As Garantias dos Contribuintes no Âmbito do Processo Tributário
Authors: Amorim José De Campos
Published: September 2017

Vários são as garantias previstas no sistema tributário português que visam assegurar uma protecção plena e efectiva dos direitos e interesses dos contribuintes no âmbito do procedimento e processo tributário. Enquadram-se nos meios de impugnação administrativa ou judicial destinados a impedir a prática de acções ou omissões susceptíveis de lesar os contribuintes e evitar situações de injustiça fiscal. Através dos meios de defesa existentes, pretende-se reforçar as posições jurídicas substantivas dos contribuintes e restabelecer uma relação de confiança entre a administração tributária e os contribuintes.
Do Direito de Reclassificação nos Grupos de Empresas
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Teresa
Published: September 2017

Introdução 1. O direito de reclassificação 1.1. Características e conteúdo do direito de reclassificação 1.2. Especificidades da fase de negociação 2. Os grupos de empresas 3. Articulação entre o direito de reclassificação e os grupos de empresas 3.1. Enquadramento do problema 3.2. Fundamentação jurídica do alargamento da obrigação de reclassificação 3.3. Delimitação do perímetro da reclassificação ao nível do grupo 3.4. Dificuldades práticas suscitadas pelo alargamento da obrigação de reclassificação Conclusão Bibliografia