bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic inertia of the Diabetologist: from the clinical algorithm to the mental algorithm. DIADEMA-AMD project
Authors: Pellegrini, M.A.
Published: May 2021

Several type 2 diabetic patients never reach the recommended metabolic goals because the proper therapy is not prescribed or modified. The problem is known as “therapeutic inertia.” In the literature, there is a wide range of available methodologies suited to analyze the problem. Almost in all instances, however, this problem is attributed to external factors – organizational issues, time constraints, financial restrictions and patient resistance – while the diabetologist’s mental process, well-being and emotions are often ignored. Acknowledging the issue is the first step to overcome the impasse of therapeutic inertia. Often diabetologists lack self-awareness of their own mistakes. The goal of the Diadema project is to analyze and understand the processes that are responsible for the actions and facilitate a real change. KEY WORDS therapeutic inertia; emotions; change; communication; relationship; awareness
Heart failure in patients with diabetes in Campania
Authors: Botta, A.
Published: May 2021

Heart Failure (HF) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) are important clinical conditions that often coexist, mutually influencing intra- and extra-hospital morbidity and mortality. In order to characterize the diagnostic and therapeutic management of patients with HF and T2D, a retrospective observational study was conducted on database of the last 12 months in 8 Campania Diabetology Centers. 164 patients were affected by HF and T2D. Among them, 123 patients had a medical record with reproducible data and were recruited for the study. Diabetic patients were divided into three groups: group A included patients with preserved ejection fraction (EF) (> 50 %), group B patients with midrange EF (40-49%) and the group C patients with reduced EF (< 40%). All patients had performed ECG and echocardiography, repeated every 6 months; 41 patients (33% of the sample) also performed a cardiac Holter. The most frequent causes of HF were ischemic heart disease and hypertension. After a 12 months follow up, the clinical and laboratory parameters and the treatments adopted were re-evaluated. The antidiabetic drugs resulted modified with a reduction in the use of metformin, sulfonylureas, glinids and pioglitazone; at the same time a greater use of gliptins, gliflozines and GLP1 AR and a lower use of insulin therapy was observed. Cardiological therapy was modified with a greater use of diuretics and nitrates and a reduction of ACEI and ARB, probably due to the use of sacubitril/valsartan association in the group of patients with reduced EF. According to the recent guidelines, antidiabetic therapy must be tailored to the characteristics of the patients with diabetes and heart failure, preferring the use of molecules that have shown a cardiovascular protection effect or, secondarily, those with cardiovascular neutrality. Similarly, cardiological therapies have to consider the type of antidiabetic agents used and benefit from molecules that impact clinical symptoms and natural history. Finally, the approach to the patients with both the pathologies must necessarily take place in the healthcare districts and absolutely be multidisciplinary and integrated, involving firstly Diabetologists and Cardiologists, but also other professional roles (nurses, psychologists, physiotherapists, caregivers) operating in the territorial healthcare services. KEY WORDS diabetes mellitus; heart failure; ejection fraction.
Waste in Health Care
Authors: De Micheli, A.
Published: May 2021

Waste in a health service is every activity, behavior, asset and service that, using resources, does not produce results in terms of health, well-being or quality of life. According to the OECD, in different countries, about 20% of health expenditure makes little or no contribution to improving people’s health. Avoiding waste is theoretically easy: health interventions delivered according to a principle of appropriateness are not wasting. However, there are multiple obstacles. Waste has, in fact, different causes: inappropriateness, use of ineffective health interventions, over- and under- use of health interventions, low quality standards, medical errors, lack of innovation, misplaced and unmotivated resource allocation, administrative complexity, incorrect management of equipments, assets and services, wasted time, non-compliance with quality standards, purchasing of technologies and assets at an excessive price, incomplete design or non-completion of works, fraud and corruption. In Italy, in 2017, waste in Health Service, even if calculated on indirect and inaccurate data, was estimated at 21.59 (±20%: 17.27 – 25.91) billion euros, 17-21% of public health spending. Strategies to reduce waste are essentially two: stop doing activities that do not generate value; use, if any, equal in effectiveness and safety, but less expensive, alternatives. The implementation goes through targeted research and the culture of continuous improvement rooted in the organization and owned and applied by decision makers and every health or administrative provider. KEY WORDS health resources; allocation of resources; cost-benefit analysis; health services misuse; inappropriate prescribing
Undesirable effects and persistence of gliflozine treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: De Mori, v.
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY SIDECAR (SGLT2-Inhibitors in Diabetes: Evaluation of metabolic Control and Adverse events in the Real-world), is a monocentric prospective observational study performed to monitoring in clinical practice patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) treated with SGLT2-i to evaluate metabolic and anthropometric evolution during time, as well as the onset of adverse effects (AEs). Design and methods. Demographic features, T2D duration, and clinical parameters at baseline have been recorded as mean ± Standard Deviation (SD) for continuous variables, and frequency distribution for discrete variables. A repeated measures regression model was utilized for the evolution during time of parameters. AEs prevalence were recorded with stratification for main clinical and demographic features at baseline. RESULTS N=220 patients, with 18 months available follow-up, treated with SGLT2-i (N= 19 canagliflozin, 8.6%; N=91 dapagliflozin, 41.4%; N=110 empagliflozin, 50%) monotherapy or in combination according to AIFA indications). Really effective was the action of SGLT2-i on glucose  metabolism, with rapid reduction in HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose after 6 months, as well as after 12 and 18 months (HbA1c: -1,0%; fasting plasma glucose: -34,8mg/dL). Weight and BMI showed a satisfying improvement, while waist circumference was statistically significant only after 12 months. Blood pressure, total cholesterol, and renal function were not modified by the treatment. But, apart from the valuable effects on metabolic parameters, 86 patients (39%) suspended SGLT2-i treatment mainly because ineffectiveness (15,7%) or for Genito-Urinary Tract Infections (GUTIs) appearance (14,3%). CONCLUSIONS Median term follow-up confirms the efficacy of SGLT2-i, but a significant percentage of patients is forced to suspend these drugs especially for GUTIs appearance. Such high prevalence of non-serious AEs limits the potential nephro-cardiovascular benefits related to SGLT2-i utilization. A possible chance to reduce GUTIs should come from single tablet association of SGLT2-i and DPP4-i actually available on the market. KEY WORDS type 2 diabetes; SGLT2 inhibitors; genito-urinary tract infections; real world evaluation; health education
AMD Annals 2020 - Synopsis on Type 2 Diabetes. Evaluation of AMD quality indicators of type 2 diabetes care in Italy
Authors: Michelli , A.
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY The AMD 2020 Annals on Type 2 Diabetes (DM2) set out to show, 2 years after the last evaluation, how the quality of DM2 care has evolved in Italy. DESIGN AND METHODS In order to participate in the initiative, the centers had to be equipped with information systems capable of guaranteeing the standardized extraction of the information necessary for the creation of the AMD Data File. The data analyzed concern socio-de-mographic and clinical characteristics and volume of activity. The selection of indicators is based on Revision 8 of June 2019 (AMD Annals website). RESULTS DM2 patients increased to 473,740 (57.1% M; 42.9% F, 67.4% aged> 65 y). 6% new diagnoses. All monitoring indicators, of favorable and unfavorable outcome, have improved: 52.9% of DM2 have HbA1c levels <= 7.0%(53 mmol/mol), 63.5% have LDL cholesterol values <100 mg / dl, 53,5% have blood pressure levels <140/80 mmHg, 39.9% are obese. The proportion of patients with GFR <60 mL/min*1.73 m2 rose to 29%, and 7.1% had GFR <30 mL / min. Therapy: there is a reduction in the use of sulfonylureas and glinides (19.9%); stable use of insulin; new drugs are increasingly prescribed (DPPIVi:21%; GLP1-RA: 5.9%; SGLT2i: 9.6%). 60.8% are on lipid-lowering treatment, 70% are on antihypertensive therapy, but 48.6% are not on target. Complications: 22% have diabetic retinopathy; 7.5% had myocardial infarction, 2.7 had a stroke, 14.7% had a history of cardiovascular disease. 50.8% of subjects with age>75a have HbA1c levels <= 7.0%(53 mmol/mol), of these 16.3% are treated with drugs that can induce hypoglycemia. Patients with Q Score> 25 are growing (60.3%). CONCLUSIONS The AMD 2020 Annals on DM2 show a marked improvement in all indicators of quality of care, but large areas of undertreatment and other overtreatment remain, and call to action. KEY WORDS AMD Annals; type2 diabetes mellitus; quality of diabetes care in type 2 diabetes patients in Italy; undertreatment; overtreatment.
Narrative Medicine in the treatment of diabetes
Authors: Piana, N.
Published: May 2021

Medicine practiced with narrative competence, called Narrative Medicine, is the ability to acknowledge, absorb, interpret and act on the stories and plights of others and represents a model for humane and effective medical practice. In this perspective, the person’s experience and story become important tools that allow health professional to better understand their patients’ disease and to formulate more appropriate diagnostic and treatment options. Furthermore, the narrating of the patient’s story is a therapeutically central act, because to find the words to contain the disorder and its attendant worries and to develop self-awareness and motivation to self-care. KEY WORDS narrative medicine; therapeutic patient education; storytelling; training for healthcare professionals; personalized medicine
Tujuan Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Nabila Nabila
Published: May 2021

Pendidikan tidak terlepas dari hakikat pendidikan itu sendiri. Sebagaimana telah disinggung dalam kajian-kajian sebelumnya, secara filosofis pendidikan Islam diartikan sebagai pendidikan yang berparadigma universal, yaitu dalam konteks humanisasi dan liberalisasi manusia, penciptaan nilai-nilai sakral, kemanusiaan dan alam secara terintegrasi dalam rangka memenuhi pengabdian tugasnya kepada umat manusia dan umat manusia adalah semacam dedikasi Khalifah di bumi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Tujuan Pendidikan Islam di dunia dan sekitarnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Literature review. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, sebagai upaya sadar pendidikan Islam yang dapat membimbing dan mendidik peserta didik untuk memahami dan mempelajari ajaran Islam, oleh karena itu ada tujuan tertentu yang ingin dicapai. Secara garis besar pendidikan Islam mempunyai dua tujuan yaitu tujuan umum dan tujuan khusus. Tujuan umum pendidikan Islam adalah mencapai kebahagiaan di akhirat (Ukhrawi) yang merupakan tujuan akhir kehidupan manusia. Meskipun terdapat banyak definisi untuk tujuan khusus pendidikan Islam, definisi tersebut disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan tempat dan waktu tertentu. Biasanya, tujuan khusus ini adalah untuk memberi manfaat bagi kehidupan dunia (sekuler).
Pahari Distinctiveness without Pahari Language: A Study of Language Attitudes of the Pahari Community
Authors: Dr. Muhammad Gulfraz Abbasi  , Dr. Zafar Iqbal Khattak  , Dr. Yasir Arafat
Published: May 2021

Pahari language spoken in Murree and its suburbs is in contact with Urdu, the national language of Pakistan. It is also in contact with Punjabi and English. The present study explores the views and attitudes of the Pahari speaking community regarding the Pahari identity and culture vis-à-vis languages like Pahari, Punjabi, Urdu, and English. The study is ethnographic and is based on detailed observation and in-depth interviews of a sample of 91 people belonging to three generations. The study concludes that Pahari speaking community especially the Abbasi tribe, on the whole, claims to protect their culture and identity but gradually each new generation is hesitant in continuing Pahari as the symbol of their identity. As a result, language is, to a great extent, shifting towards Urdu. On a minor level, its shift to English and Punjabi cannot be ignored. The paper also explores certain reasons latent behind this kind of attitude.
Видовий склад і таксаційні характеристики деревних рослин санітарно-захисної зони Придніпровського ремонтно-механічного заводу
Authors: Бессонова В. П. , Чонгова А. С.
Published: May 2021

Досліджено деревні насадження санітарно-захисної зони (СЗЗ) Придніпровського ремонтно-механічного заводу міста Дніпро. Проаналізовано видове різноманіття, деякі таксаційні показники; проведено розподіл дерев за відношенням до рівня зволоження та комплексне оцінювання життєвого стану деревостану СЗЗ Придніпровського ремонтно-механічного заводу. Для оцінювання життєвого стану рослин та індексу стану деревостану використано шкалу В. А. Алексєєва (1989). Охарактеризовано планувальну структуру санітарного насадження. Встановлено, що дендрофлора цієї санітарно-захисної зони представлена 19 видами деревних порід та однією формою, котрі належать до 10 родин. З них 11 видів є інтродукованими та 8 – аборигенними. Виявлено, що найбільше таксономічне представництво має родина Salicaceae – 6 видів (35,4 % від загального числа дерев у насадженні). З'ясовано, що більшість родин презентовані тільки одним видом. Відзначено, що з хвойних порід на досліджуваній території росте тільки Pinus pallasiana D. Don. Виявлено, що 31,6 % усіх видів представлені тільки 1-3 екземплярами. Розраховано індекс біорізноманітності Шенона (Н), який становить 3,55. З'ясовано, що найбільша кількість дерев має висоту в межах 12-13 м (18,9 % від загального числа дерев в насадженні) і діаметр стовбурів від 26,0 до 29,9 см та від 38,0 до 41,9 см (по 8,8 %). Розподіл дерев за відношенням до умов зволоження показав, що більшість деревних рослин є ксерофітами (40,0 % від загальної чисельності рослин), що відповідає умовам степового регіону. Значну частину рослин віднесено до мезогігрофітів та гігрофітів (29,0 та 12,5 % відповідно), що можна пояснити наявністю природної водойми. Встановлено, що категорії стану "здорові" відповідає 37,9 % від загальної кількості, до помірно ослаблених – 47,3 % (друга категорія життєвого стану). Найбільш стійкими виявились Salix alba L. та Robinia pseudoacacia L., у найбільш непривабливому стані перебувають Populus nigra L. та Aesculus hippocastanum L. З'ясовано, що індекс життєвого стану деревних рослин захисної зони дорівнює 75,6 % і характеризується як ослаблений.
Математичне моделювання взаємовпливу динамічних характеристик сипкої сировини у процесі вібраційної сепарації
Authors: Ребот Д. П. , Топільницький В. Г.
Published: May 2021

Здійснено огляд останніх досліджень у сфері вібраційної сепарації сипкої сировини. Виявлено, що на продуктивність процесу сепарації впливають не тільки конструкційні характеристики вібраційного сепаратора, зокрема довжина, кут нахилу та ємність робочого корпуса, але й динамічні процеси, які відбуваються у сипкій сировині у процесі сепарації. Ефективність процесу сепарації істотно залежить від взаємовпливу швидкості завантаження, руху сипкої сировини вздовж сита вібраційного сепаратора та її амплітудо-частотних характеристик. На підставі здійсненого огляду встановлено актуальність подальшого дослідження цих параметрів. Використовуючи методи нелінійної механіки, побудовано математичну модель руху шару сипкої сировини по ситу вібраційного сепаратора. При цьому шар сировини моделюється пружною балкою, яка контактує пружно, жорстко або як шарнірно закріплена зі стінками робочого контейнера. Отримано графічні залежності впливу швидкості руху шару сипкої сировини на амплітуду та частоту її коливань. Отримані математична модель та графічні залежності показують, що значне збільшення швидкості руху сипкої сировини вздовж сита призводить до спадання амплітуди та незначного зростання частоти коливань шару завантаженої сировини. Аналогічно і сталі складові швидкостей впливають на збільшення власної частоти коливань сипкої сировини, що відповідно погіршує ефективність проходження частинок крізь сито сепаратора. Невеликі швидкості руху шару сипкої сировини призводять до зростання амплітуди коливання та зменшення частоти коливання, що сприяє підвищенню прохідності частинок сировини та збільшенню продуктивності процесу сепарації. Отримані дослідження дають змогу покращити ефективність процесу сепарування, регулювати процеси, які відбуваються у сипкій сировині та підвищити швидкість її проходження крізь отвори сита. Побудована математична модель може слугувати основою для подальших досліджень зміни фізико-механічних характеристик сипкої сировини на її динамічні показники в процесі вібраційної сепарації.
2020 national park visitor spending effects: Economic contributions to local communities, states, and the nation
Authors: Thomas Catherine , Koontz Lynne
Published: May 2021

The National Park Service (NPS) manages the Nation’s most iconic destinations that attract millions of visitors from across the Nation and around the world. Trip-related spending by NPS visitors generates and supports economic activity within park gateway communities. This report summarizes the annual economic contribution analysis that measures how NPS visitor spending cycles through local economies, generating business sales and supporting jobs and income. In 2020, the National Park System received over 237 million recreation visits (down 28% from 2019). Visitors to national parks spent an estimated $14.5 billion in local gateway regions (down 31% from 2019). The estimated contribution of this spending to the national economy was 234,000 jobs, $9.7 billion in labor income, $16.7 billion in value added, and $28.6 billion in economic output. The lodging sector saw the highest direct effects, with $5 billion in economic output directly contributed to this sector nationally. The restaurants sector saw the next greatest effects, with $3 billion in economic output directly contributed to this sector nationally. Results from the Visitor Spending Effects report series are available online via an interactive tool. Users can view year-by-year trend data and explore current year visitor spending, jobs, labor income, value added, and economic output effects by sector for national, state, and local economies. The interactive tool is available at https://www.nps.gov/subjects/socialscience/vse.htm.
Pembinaan Kader Posyandu tentang Perawatan Masa Nifas
Authors: Khair Anwar Khalidatul , Syahrianti Syahrianti , Sarita Sultina , Patongai Nurnasari
Published: May 2021

Asuhan masa nifas sangat diperlukan karena merupakan periode kritis dimana 60% kematian ibu terjadi pada masa nifas. Bidan yang bertanggung jawab dalam memberikan asuhan pada masa nifas sangat membutuhkan bantuan dari masyarakat. Kader sebagai bagian dari masyarakat tersebut sangat penting diberikan pembinaan termasuk perawatan masa nifas sehingga dapat membantu petugas Kesehatan dalam memberikan edukasi ke ibu. Tujuan kegiatan adalah melakukan pembinaan kader tentang perawatan masa nifas dan meningkatkan pengetahuan kader tentang perawatan masa nifas. Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah dan simulasi. Kegiatan dengan melibatkan bidan koordinator di Puskesmas Soropia dan kader posyandu Kecamatan Soropia yaitu 30 orang sebagai sasaran pembinaan. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan rerata nilai pre-test pengetahuan adalah 58,52 dan rerata nilai post-test pengetahuan adalah 85,93. Hasil pengabdian dapat disimpulkan terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan kader. Kegiatan ini sangat penting agar kader dapat mengedukasi ibu nifas dan keluarganya sehingga pada masa depan ibu dan bayinya melewati masa nifas dengan sehat dan menyenangkan.
INVESTIGATION OF THE SPEED OF MOVEMENT OF POWDER PARTICLES OF COLD GAS DYNAMIC SPRAYING
Authors: Gaidamak Oleg
Published: May 2021

The article shows the results of the study of the velocity of the sprayed powder particles on the example of cold gas-dynamic spraying of copper powder C01-11. Features and advantages of gas-dynamic spraying before other gas-thermal coating methods are given. The importance of the speed regime of coating and its influence on the formation of the coating is analyzed. A computational experimental method for determining the velocity of sprayed particles is proposed, as well as an experimental setup with the help of which it is possible to obtain objective data on the velocity regime of cold gas-dynamic coating. The design of the applied gas-dynamic spraying device is shown, which contains an electric heater of the compressed air flow and an accelerator of the heated compressed air into which the sprayed metal powder is driven due to the ejection effect. An experimental setup was used for the study, which contained two rotating disks mounted at a distance of 20 mm from each other on the shaft of a high-speed electric motor, with holes in the upper disk through which spraying occurs on the surface of the lower disk. Due to the fact that the disks with the spraying process rotate at a speed of 10587 rpm is the displacement of the sputtering figure on the lower disk relative to the projection of the hole of the upper disk on the lower disk. The magnitude of this displacement is calculated by the velocity of the particles of the sprayed powder, according to the above method. The parameters that are taken into account when calculating the speed of the spray particles of the powder is the diameter of the nozzle of the spray device 5 mm. The distance from the nozzle cut to the upper disk is 10 mm. The distance from the nozzle cut to the lower disk is 32 mm. The distance between the disks a = 22 mm. The radius on which the nozzle of the spray device is installed is 90 mm.
As a result of the experiments, it was found that when spraying copper powder C01-11 at a temperature of 20 ºC, the spraying speed is 232.2 m / s, which does not provide conditions for coating, and at elevated temperatures to 285 ºC quality coating was formed. The spraying speed was from 302.7 to 359.2 m / s for critical sections of 2.5 and 3.01 mm2, and the spraying area at higher speeds was approximately 20% higher than at lower speeds. This makes it possible for researchers to determine the velocity modes of spraying and, accordingly, to more accurately assign the optimal technological parameters to achieve the highest quality results of creating functional coatings.
Pengaruh Sosialisasi Terhadap Kepatuhan Warga dalam Membayar Kewajiban Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan di Desa Solokan Jeruk Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Rahmadianti  , Ahmad Saepudin
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Solokan Jeruk Kabupaten Bandung dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat sosialisasi, kepatuhan dan besarnya pengaruh sosialisasi terhadap kepatuhan warga dalam membayar kewajiban pajak bumi dan bangunan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian survey dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 1.419 orang. Teknik  pengambilan  sampel  yang  digunakan  dalam penelitian ini adalah probability sampling berupa simple random sampling. Dengan menggunakan rumus dari Slovin dan taraf kesalahan (e) sebesar 10%, maka jumlah sampel yang diambil sebanyak 93 orang. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis korelasi Product Moment dan analisis regresi sederhana. Berdasarkan pada hasil pengujian hipotesis, menunjukkan bahwa sosialisasi perpajakan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kepatuhan.
Gymnastics Improve Quality Of Life
Authors: Wahyuni Endang Sri , Arifiati Retna Febri
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT

Background: The increase in the number of elderly people needs to be balanced with increased expectations and quality of life. One of the causes of the low quality of life of the elderly is influenced by a lack of physical activity. Efforts that can be made to improve the quality of life of the elderly are by doing physical activity or exercising regularly. This study aims to determine the effect of physical activity on the quality of life of the elderly.

Methods: This type of research is quantitative, pre-experimental with one group pretest-posttest design, using purposive sampling technique. The research instrument was the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. The research subjects were 30 people. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test.

Results: As many as 80% of the subjects were in the age range 66-74 years, 26 subjects were women (53.3%), the latest education was dominated by Bachelor 43.4%. As many as 76.7% are retired civil servants, 70% still have a partner, 26.7% live with a partner and children, and 66.7% are healthy elderly without a history of disease. The results show a positive value and an increase in the mean in each domain. The asymptotic significance values of the pre-post Wilcoxon ranking test on the domain of physical and environmental conditions were 0.000 and 0.003 on psychological conditions and social relationships.

Conclusion: The provision of physical activity interventions in the form of flexible exercise for the elderly has a significant impact on improving the quality of life of the elderly.
Spatial association between platinum minerals and magmatic sulfides imaged with the Maia Mapper and implications for the origin of the chromite-sulfide-PGE association
Authors: Barnes Stephen J. , Ryan Chris , Moorhead Gareth , Latypov Rais , Maier Wolfgang D. , Yudovskaya Marina , Godel Bélinda , Schoneveld Louise E. , Le Vaillant Margaux , Pearce Mark B.
Published: May 2021

The spatial association between Pt minerals, magmatic sulfides, and chromite has been investigated using microbeam X-ray fluorescence (XRF) element mapping and the Maia Mapper. This lab-based instrument combines the Maia parallel energy dispersive (ESD) detector array technology with a focused X-ray beam generated from a liquid metal source. It proves to be a powerful technique for imaging Pt distribution at low-ppm levels on minimally prepared cut rock surfaces over areas of tens to hundreds of square centimeters, an ideal scale for investigating these relationships. Images of a selection of samples from the Bushveld Complex and from the Norilsk-Talnakh ore deposits (Siberia) show strikingly close association of Pt hotspots, equated with the presence of Pt-rich mineral grains, with magmatic sulfide blebs in all cases, except for a taxitic low-S ore sample from Norilsk. In all of the Bushveld samples, at least 75% of Pt hotspots (by number) occur at or within a few hundred microns of the outer edges of sulfide blebs. In samples from the leader seams of the UG2 chromitite, sulfides and platinum hotspots are also very closely associated with the chromite seams and are almost completely absent from the intervening pyroxenite. In the Merensky Reef, the area ratio of Pt hotspots to sulfides is markedly higher in the chromite stringers than in the silicate-dominated lithologies over a few centimeters either side. We take these observations as confirmation that sulfide liquid is indeed the prime collector for Pt and, by inference, for the other platinum group elements (PGEs) in all these settings. We further propose a mechanism for the sulfide-PGE-chromite association in terms of in situ heterogeneous nucleation of all these phases coupled with transient sulfide saturation during chromite growth and subsequent sulfide loss by partial re-dissolution. In the case of the amygdular Norilsk taxite, the textural relationship and high PGE/S ratio is explained by extensive loss of S to an escaping aqueous vapor phase.
Persepsi Mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang Tentang Kemacetan di Kota Malang
Authors: Sugiharto Mochamad Aan
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui persepsi mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang tentang kemacetan lalu lintas di Kota Malang. Kota Malang dipilih menjadi lokasi penelitian karena Kota Malang selama ini dikenal sebagai Kota Pendidikan di Jawa Timur, salah satunya karena banyaknya Perguruan Tinggi yang ada di Kota Malang. Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang dipilih karena beberapa pertimbangan, di antaranya adalah karena lokasi kampus yang terletak di lokasi yang memang saat ini dikenal dengan daerah yang paling sering terjadi kemacetan. Jumlah mahasiswa yang sangat besar, menjadikan Kota Malang sangat sesuai untuk mendapatkan data terkait persepsi mahasiswa tentang kemacetan, terutama kemacetan yang terjadi di Kota Malang. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam kepada mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang dengan tujuan bisa mengungkap pengalaman dan pengetahuan subjek penelitian terkait dengan kemacetan yang dari sana bisa didapatkan persepsi mahasiswa tentang kemacetan. Subjek penelitian dipilih mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang yang selama ini terdampak oleh kemacetan lalu-lintas Kota Malang, yaitu mereka yang berdomisili di Kota Malang, Kabupaten Malang dan Kota Batu yang kesehariannya harus melakukan perjalanan pulang dan pergi (commuter) dan melewati titik-titik kemacetan di jalanan Kota Malang. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah kemacetan dianggap sebagai permasalahan yang perlu diatasi, tetapi mahasiswa merasa bahwa mereka tidaklah menjadi pihak yang harus terlibat dalam menyelesaikan masalah kemacetan. hal tersebut bisa dilihat dari mahasiswa masih tetap menggunakan kendaraan pribadi meskipun mereka tahu bahwa salah satu penyebab dari kemacetan adalah tingginya angka penggunaan kendaraan pribadi.
NILAI-NILAI KARAKTER PADA BUKU SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR TEMA KELUARGAKU
Authors: Fatmawati Mina , Sudiyana Benedictus
Published: May 2021

This study aims to describe the character values ​​contained in the grade 1 student book of the 2017 edition of the My Family theme published by Kemendibud. The research method uses descriptive qualitative research. The research data consisted of (1) orders / tasks, (2) expressions / statements, (3) dialogues / interviews. The source of the data is in the form of reading / content text in the first grade elementary school student book with the theme of my family, published by the Ministry of Education and Culture's revised 2017 edition. Data analysis was carried out using content analysis. Data collection was done using artifact analysis techniques in the form of writing or text. Data processing is done by collecting the character values ​​that have been reviewed in the student book theme My Family. The results of the study were six character values, namely, (1) social care. Social care is able to show students' attitudes to love each other, helping and helping fellow families. (2) tolerance. Tolerance is shown by students discussing in groups. (3) creative. Creative shows students by making handicrafts with their ideas and ideas. (4) self-confidence. Students show their actions in front of the class by appearing bold. (5) communicative. students are able to talk and tell experiences in front of the class and around their environment. (6) religious. The value of religious character shows the attitude of students obeying God's commands and avoiding prohibitions and carrying out worship with family.
STRATEGY FOR RESUMING ELECTIVE SURGICAL PROCEDURES DURING & AFTER COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Khan Muhammad Iqbal , Shabir Ahmed Lehri  , Riffat Arbab
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT

       COVID-19 pandemic has afflicted the individuals, national economies, and healthcare system worldwide. It has badly struck the ongoing and planned surgical procedures in nearly all healthcare centers which has led the surgical procedures to come to a grinding halt. This serious issue invites comments from surgical experts throughout the world.
Pengaruh E-Module Speaking Berbasis Website Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berbicara
Authors: Setyawan Wawan Herry , Nawangsari Tantin
Published: May 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah 1) untuk mengetahui kelayakan e-modul untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara peserta didik dan 2) untuk mengetahui keefektifan e-modul untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara peserta didik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan desain Research & Development (R&D) dengan pendekatan Borg & Gall. Tahapan yang dilakukan dalam tujuh tahap yaitu: 1) Penelitian dan Pengumpulan Informasi, 2) Perencanaan, 3) Pengembangan Bentuk Produk Asli, 4) Pengujian Bidang Awal Produk, 5) Revisi Produk Awal untuk Menghasilkan Produk Utama, 6) Menguji Bidang Produk Utama, dan 7) Revisi Produksi Utama Menghasilkan Produk Operasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari penilaian para ahli diperoleh hasil pengukuran 92% dengan kategori nilai 81% -100% valid. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa modul e-learning sangat sesuai untuk proses belajar mengajar sebagai hasil evaluasi pre-test dan post-test. Nilai rata-rata hasil belajar pada Pre Test 70,00 <Post Test 90,00, nilai Sig. (2-tailed) adalah 0,000 <0,05, maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi e-modul Speaking on website by (Zoom) sangat berpengaruh dan efektif untuk diterapkan dalam sistem pembelajaran online di Kampung Course Pare-Kediri.

The aimed of this research was 1) to know the feasibility of e-Module to improve learners’ speaking skill. This research was a development research using Research & Development (R&D) design by using Borg & Gall approach. The stages were carried out in seven steps such as: 1) Research and Information Collection, 2) Planning, 3) Developing the Original Product Form, 4) Testing The Field of Product Scratch, 5) Initial Product Revision to Produce the Main Product, 6) Test The Main Product Field, and 7) Major Production Revisions Produce Operational Products. The result showed that from assessment by experts, the measurement results were 92% with a category value of 81% -100% valid. It showed that the e-learning module was very suitable for the teaching and learning process as the result of the pre-test and post-test evaluations. The average value of learning outcomes on the Pre Test 70.00 <Post Test 90.00, the value of Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.000 <0.05, then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. So, it can be concluded that the e-module Speaking on website by (Zoom) application was very influential and effective to be applied in the online learning system at Kampung Course Pare-Kediri.      
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Karismatik Dan Kompetensi Kepribadian Guru Terhadap Disiplin Kerja Guru
Authors: Holilah Lilah , Fatmasari Rhini , Rosita Tita
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kepemimpinan karismatik dan kompetensi kepribadian terhadap disiplin kerja guru sekolah dasar. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistic deskriptif dan inferensial yaitu SEM dan analisis jalur (metode simultan yaitu uji-F). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Kepemimpinan Karismatik berpengaruh signifikan dan positif diterima terhadap disiplin kerja guru, hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan Thitung >Ttabel (3,49>1,97) dan nilai koefisien loading faktor  sebesar 0,33; (2) kompetensi kepribadian guru berpengaruh signifikan dan positif diterima, hal ini dapat dibuktikan  dengan Thitung >Ttabel (6,67>1,97) dan nilai koefisien loading faktor 0,65; (3) hasil uji bersama-sama kepemimpin karismatik dan kompetensi kepribadian guru berpengaruh signifikan terhadap disiplin kerja guru, hal ini dapat dibuktikan  dengan F hitung sebesar 5.155, nilai prob<alpha (0.007<5%), dan nilai R-square sebesar 51,44% sudah baik karena memiliki nilai lebih dari 50%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kepemimpinan karismatik dan kompetensi kepribadian guru yang baik memiliki tingkat disiplin kerja guru yang tinggi.

The research aims to analyze the influences charismatic leadership and personality competence of teacher towards the discipline of work of states elementary teacher. The primary data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics that is SEM and path analysis (simultan method that is uji-F).  The result showed that: Firt, charismatic leadership significant influence and be accepted positively on the discipline of work of states elementary teacher, this was proved by  Thitung >Ttabel (3,49>1,97) and factor loading coefficient value equal to 0,33. Secondly, personality competence of teacher significant influence and be accepted positively on the discipline of work of states elementary teacher, this was proved by Thitung >Ttabel (6,67>1,97) dan factor loading coefficient value equal to 0,65. Third, the test results together charismatic leadership and personality competence of teacher towards the discipline of work of states elementary teacher, this was proved by F hitung amounting to 5.155, prob score<alpha (0.007<5%), dan R-square equal to 51,44% is good because it has a value of more than 50%. So it can be concluded that charismatic leadership and good teacher personality competence have a high level of teacher work discipline.
Pengaruh Beban Kerja, Kompensasi Dan Rotasi Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Melalui Stres Kerja Pada Pt. Bank Sulteng Luwuk Banggai
Authors: Tamping Nurrahmi Utami , Taroreh Rita N. , Jan Arrazi Hasan
Published: May 2021

Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode
analisis jalur untuk menjelaskan hubungan langsung dan tidak langsung terhadap
beban kerja, kompensasi dan rotasi kerja melalui stres kerja. Objek penelitian yang
dipilih adalah PT Bank Sulteng Luwuk Cabang Banggai dengan jumlah sampel
sebanyak 34 responden dengan menggunakan teknik analisis sampel jenuh. Teknik
analisis data dengan bantuan software SPSS v.22.0 for Windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beban kerja (X1) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap stres kerja karyawan (Y1). Kompensasi (X2) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap stres kerja karyawan (Y1). Rotasi kerja (X1) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap stres kerja karyawan (Y2). Beban kerja (X1) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan (Y2). Kompensasi (X2) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan (Y2). Rotasi Kerja (X3) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan (Y2). Stres kerja (Y1) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan (Y2).
Validity of National Involvement of Indonesian National Army in The Eradication of Terrorism
Authors: Putra Irman , Sinaulan Ramlani Lina
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bermaksud mengkaji validitas norma pelibatan tentara nasional
Indonesia dalam pemberantasan terorisme sebagaimana diatur dalam UU No. 5
Tahun 2018 dari sudut pandang konstitusi dam peraturan perundang-undangan.
Untuk menganalisis masalah tersebut, digunakan teori kedaulatan negara, teori
8norma hukum dan teori kewenangan sebagai perangkat analisis. Penelitian ini
menunjukan bahwa norma pelibatan TNI dalam pemberantasan terorisme
sebagaimana diatur dalam UU No. 5 Tahun 2018 memiliki validitas yang kuat
dalam sistem hukum nasional karena norma tersebut konsisten dengan Pancasila
dan UUD 1945 sebagai norma dasar (Staatsfundamentalnorm) dan hukum dasar
negara (staatsgrundgesetz) yang menjadi landasan pemberlakuan norma tersebut.
Disebut valid dan konsisten karena pelibatan TNI dalam pemberantasan terorisme
dibatasi pada aksi-aksi terorisme yang mengancam pertahanan negara dan
kedaulatan nasional.
NT DINTE 31 - A Segunda Onda da Pandemia (Mas Não do Distanciamento Físico): Covid-19 E Políticas de Distanciamento Social dos Governos Estaduais no Brasil
Authors: Moraes Rodrigo Fracalossi de
Published: May 2021

Esta nota técnica apresenta dados sobre medidas legais de distanciamento físico adotadas pelos governos estaduais no Brasil. A nota enfatiza que medidas rigorosas de distanciamento foram adotadas antes e durante a primeira onda, mas não o foram antes da segunda onda ou mesmo quando a segunda onda já se manifestava em várias partes do país. Ao se comparar os meses de abril e dezembro de 2020, o grau de rigor das medidas de distanciamento físico no país diminuiu de 6,3 para 2,9 (-54%) – em uma escala de 0 a 10. Ao mesmo tempo, o número médio de novos óbitos aumentou de 1,0 para 3,1 por 1 milhão de habitantes no mesmo período. A adoção de medidas mais rígidas provavelmente teria prevenido casos, internações, óbitos e pressão sobre os sistemas de saúde. O aumento acelerado no número de casos e óbitos no Amazonas em dezembro de 2020 indica os riscos de medidas pouco rígidas de distanciamento, bem como os problemas decorrentes da ausência de parâmetros claros, transparentes, objetivos e abrangentes para se determinar o grau de rigor das medidas. Sem tais parâmetros, governos se tornam mais suscetíveis à influência de pressões aleatórias e contrárias a medidas rígidas de distanciamento – oriundas de associações de classe, autoridades, ou outros grupos influentes. Recomenda-se que governos adotem medidas de distanciamento de forma preventiva caso necessário e que criem parâmetros claros, transparentes, objetivos e abrangentes para a adoção de medidas de distanciamento físico, uma política já adotada em diversos estados: Acre, Espírito Santo, Rio Grande do Sul, Rondônia e São Paulo, por exemplo.
NT DISET 78 - Gerando Famílias Artificiais Intraurbanas: Censo 2010
Authors: Furtado Bernardo Alves
Published: May 2021

Esta Nota Técnica descreve o processo computacional de geração de indivíduos e famílias artificiais, a partir de dados do censo demográfico de 2010. As famílias geradas podem ser utilizadas em processos de simulação e modelagem mantendo a proporção e os detalhes da população de interesse, sem necessidade de manipulação direta dos dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Adicionalmente, o processo computacional inclui ainda o download do arquivo de limites geoespaciais (em formato shapefile) de todos os setores censitários e sua junção em áreas de ponderação (APs). O site oficial que disponibiliza esses dados no IBGE não contém todos os municípios e regiões metropolitanas. Finalmente, informações de outras tabelas não presentes neste estudo podem utilizar os processos aqui descritos de forma similar.

Os resultados do processo computacional incluem indivíduos, suas características e a composição de quais indivíduos pertencem à mesma família. A respeito de cada membro da família é possível identificar: i) a AP de residência; ii) o gênero; iii) a idade; iv) os anos de instrução; v) a cor; e vi) o salário. O tamanho médio das famílias segue os padrões observados nos setores censitários.

O repositório – escrito em linguagem de programação Python – está disponível em: . Adicionalmente, a geração de famílias foi utilizada em uma simulação de violência doméstica,1 cujo código também está disponível de forma aberta em: 
Coaque: An Astronomical Icon in the Middle of the World*
Authors: Vásquez Nicolás A. , Erazo Cristopher , Domínguez Diego , Caiza Ricardo
Published: May 2021

This study aims to contribute to the astronomical studies for the creation of the astronomical and archaeological museum in Ecuador. Coaque, a fishermen village in the north coastal of Ecuador, is an iconic place where astronomy and archeology converge and portrays the geodesic and astronomical history of Ecuador. The 16th Century ethnohistorical data is rich on descriptions about abundance of wealth and land fertility within equinoctial zones. This awoke the curiosity of Europeans on the geodesic position. Two centuries later, La Condamine and Bouguer of the French-Hispanic Geodesic Mission, first measured the zero-degrees latitude at Punta Palmar, just south of Coaque. We present the detectability of the Crab Nebula, a high energy TeV source revealing the potential for astroparticles field of study. Also, we clarified the wrong idea of the equilibrium of an egg at zero latitude, a popular misinterpreted physical phenomenon.
Reappraisal of Nertera (Rubiaceae) in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Wei-Chih , Wang Chih-Chiang , Chang Kun-Cheng
Published: May 2021

Only one species in the genus Nertera, N. granadensis, had been identified in Taiwan. This study discovered that there are two additional species in the genus endemic to Taiwan: N. nigricarpa and N. taiwanian. These species are both distinguishable from N. granadensis through an examination of their holotype and living individuals. N. nigricarpa is characterized by the unapparent or slightly convex leaf venation on the upper surface, spreading leaf margins, purple petals, black fruits, and dark-purple seeds with raised striate. N. taiwanian has leaves with distinctly convex veins on the upper surface, undulated margins, yellowish-green petals, red fruits, and yellow-white seeds without striate.
Quelques aspects des rapports entre la franc-maçonnerie et la sphère politique en Haïti au XIX e siècle
Authors: Clorméus Lewis Ampidu
Published: May 2021

Très peu d’études scientifiques concernent l’histoire de la franc-maçonnerie en Haïti. Pourtant, particulièrement au xix e  siècle, cette association a eu une influence considérable sur la vie sociale et politique du pays. Par tradition, la plupart des hommes d’Etat haïtiens ont fréquenté des loges maçonniques qui, bien que se rejoignant autour de certains principes idéologiques, se sont souvent opposées sur le plan politique. En conséquence, la franc-maçonnerie peut être considérée comme un espace de sociabilité et de pouvoir pour les élites politiques d’Haïti.
L’ESS existe-t-elle ?   Des approches institutionnelles aux initiatives solidaires de proximité
Authors: Astier Karine
Published: May 2021

Cet article a été écrit durant l’année 2019, en master ids essap . Lorsque je me suis assise sur les bancs de l’université, j’avais une représentation idéaliste et simpliste de l’ ess  : une démarche sociétale innovante axée sur une économie solidaire. La chute de mes représentations a été un peu brutale et la vision s’est quelque peu confrontée à une réalité moins idéale, avec des définitions institutionnelles, une histoire politique. La frontière entre l’économique et le social reste floue.
Optimization of Process Parameters for Plasma Sprayed Lanthanum Zirconate TBCs on Nickel Based Superalloy
Authors: Keshavamurthy R. , Naveena B.E. , Ramesh T. , Shashikumara N.K.
Published: May 2021

Thermal Barrier Coating are highly advanced material systems usually applied to metallic surfaces, such as gas turbine or aero-engine parts, operating at elevated temperatures. They have ceramic and metallic multilayers which have been widely used in the aeroturbine engines to increase the life of metallic components and turbine efficiency. Many different types of coatings are used to protect variety of engineering materials from wear, corrosion and erosion. Of all these, TBC’s play a vital role in providing thermal insulation and protect the material from high temperature environment. In this paper Lanthanum Zirconate (La2Zr2O7) is used as a coating material which is phase-stable to its melting point, Lanthanum Zirconate is a promising material which exhibit lower thermal conductivity and higher thermal stability compared to other TBC system. High quality Lanthanum Zirconate based TBC is developed by plasma spray technique on superalloys. In the present investigation porosity, microstructure, hardness and bond strength of the developed TBC’s were characterized and significant parameters of plasma spray process were identified.