bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“I Felt Grounded and Clear-Headed”: Qualitative Exploration of a Mind-Body Physical Activity Intervention on Stress Among College Students During COVID-19
Authors: Strehli Ildiko , Ziegenfuss Donna H. , Block Martin E. , Burns Ryan D. , Bai Yang , Brusseau Timothy A.
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic affected college students’ overall health. The aims of this qualitative inquiry were to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the effectiveness of the mind-body physical activity (MBPA) intervention and to explore the MBPA intervention experiences through the use of journals and photographs (photovoice) of a purposeful sample of 21 college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. An inductive qualitative process was used to explore the data that emerged from photovoice images and journals. Students’ experiences were encapsulated in 6 key themes: (1) holistic individual well-being; (2) physical activity as a matter of necessity; (3) mind-body physical activity intervention impacts; (4) broadening strategies for adapting and reacting; (5) systemic effect of stress management changes; and (6) perceiving causes of stress. Participants reflected collective intellectual, physical, and emotional fatigue as obstacles and perceived stress. The quality of COVID-19 related perspectives and stressful experiences are defined from traumatic and overwhelming to higher than normal. Findings from this study contribute to our understanding of the distinctive factors of the COVID-19 era among college students. Health educators should consider the implementation of multilevel and multicomponent MBPA interventions, and our findings highlight the utility of supporting higher education students in a meaningful way.
A contestation of nuclear ontologies: resisting nuclearism and reimagining the politics of nuclear disarmament
Authors: Ritchie Nick
Published: September 2022

The global politics of nuclear disarmament has become deeply contested over the past decade, particularly around the negotiation of the 2017 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW). Different explanations are offered, but these tend to centre on the geopolitics of the ‘security environment’ conceived in realist terms. This article makes sense of the TPNW and the global politics of nuclear disarmament by examining its underlying discourse and contestation within a wider framework of nuclear hegemony and resistances to it, drawing on Robert Cox’s theory of hegemony. It argues that the politics of nuclear disarmament has hardened into a contestation between two broadly incommensurable nuclear worldviews, or nuclear ontologies: hegemonic nuclearism and subaltern anti-nuclearism. These are not just different perspectives, but fundamentally different ways of understanding global nuclear politics that have important implications for the nuclear disarmament movement. Three conclusions emerge from this: that intersectionality is vital to understanding subaltern anti-nuclearism within wider processes of resistance in global politics; that contestation between hegemonic nuclearism and subaltern anti-nuclearism is agonistic; and that ‘bridge building’ approaches to find a middle ground generally deny this agonism and thereby close down debate, and that this explains why they often fail to gain traction. The article builds on the critical scholarship on nuclear hegemony, discourse and resistance and develops an original framework of hegemonic and subaltern nuclearism and anti-nuclearism.
In a Toxic City Beautiful: Harvey Washington Wiley, the Model City, and the Authenticity of Science in the Nation’s Capital
Authors: Femia Vincent L.
Published: September 2022

Surrounding the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906, government chemist Harvey Washington Wiley and the Bureau of Chemistry at the Department of Agriculture conducted experiments in Washington, D.C., on food adulteration. Contributing to new urban histories of science and focusing on how Wiley saw adulteration as an urban conundrum, this article shows how D.C.’s longstanding status as a “model city” allowed Wiley and the Bureau to use the city, somewhat paradoxically, as both a laboratory for studying toxic urbanity and as a representation of a healthy urban ideal. As D.C.’s population grew dramatically at the turn of the century, Wiley’s science mirrored the unease he associated with urban growth, deception, and food adulteration. Wiley promoted an ethic of authenticity as part of an antimodernist or nostalgic modernist science that sought to quell the epidemic of deception that ravaged food production, science, and the American city.
Surgical Treatment for Empty Nose Syndrome Using Autologous Dermal Fat: Evaluation of Symptomatic Improvement
Authors: Hosokawa Yu , Miyawaki Takeshi , Omura Kazuhiro , Akutsu Taisuke , Kimura Ryohei , Ikezono Tetsuo , Otori Nobuyoshi
Published: September 2022

Background: Empty nose syndrome (ENS) is caused by nasal turbinate surgery. The standard treatment for ENS is an inferior meatus augmentation procedure (IMAP) in which autologous tissue such as auricular cartilage, rib cartilage, or artificial material is transplanted into the nasal cavity. However, some challenges like a very small auricular cartilage are associated with these autologous tissue types. Moreover, since using rib cartilage is a highly invasive technique, the scar on the chest from where the harvesting is done is easily visible, and the artificial material is susceptible to infection. We used autologous dermal fat (ADF) in IMAPs in our study for the following reasons: the quantity of ADF could be increased or reduced as needed, ADF is considered a safer option than rib cartilage because it is harvested from superficial tissue, it is superior in terms of cosmetic appearance to harvested rib cartilage, and it has a lower risk of infection than any artificial material.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of IMAPs using ADF.

Methods: We included nine patients with ENS who underwent an IMAP using ADF. The patients’ backgrounds and responses to the Empty Nose Syndrome 6-Item Questionnaire (ENS6Q) were recorded. Changes in each item of the ENS6Q before and after surgery (up to 3 months) were analyzed.

Results: The postoperative ENS6Q total score and parameters were significantly better than their preoperative counterparts. Nasal dryness improved slightly less than other symptoms. There were no complications.

Conclusions: The IMAP using ADF was effective in improving ENS symptoms; however, some physiological functions were difficult to improve, and dryness persisted. Autologous dermal fat is larger than auricular cartilage, less invasive than rib cartilage, and has a lower risk of infection than artificial material.
Giftedness, ethics, and humanism
Authors: Pihlström Sami
Published: September 2022

This paper examines giftedness and gifted education from the point of view of humanistic ethical critique. While religious worldviews may conceptualize individual talent as something that human beings have received (as a “gift”) from God or (more generally) from a divine world-order, secular humanism may also implicitly presuppose a quasi-theological understanding of giftedness as something for which we might be expected to maintain a proper attitude of gratitude. Drawing on humanistic sources ranging from Hannah Arendt’s concept of natality, Richard Rorty’s pragmatist challenge to the idea of human “answerability” to the world, and Primo Levi’s ethical criticism (in the context of his Holocaust writings) of the notion of providence, the paper argues that developing an appropriate stance toward whatever gifts and talents individuals may have is a matter of continuous ethical self-reflection that needs to be incorporated in gifted education.
A study of the efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan plus dapagliflozin combination treatment in pulmonary arterial hypertension due to left heart disease
Authors: Ge Ting , Yang Yang , Zhao Yanfang
Published: September 2022

Objective

To determine the efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan plus dapagliflozin in the treatment of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) due to left heart disease and to explore new treatment regimen for PAH due to left heart disease.

Methods

This study is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) study of 120 patients with PAH due to left heart disease admitted to the cardiovascular department of our hospital from Dec. 2019 to Dec. 2021. The patients were randomized 1:1 to the study group and control group. All patients were given baseline treatments targeting left heart disease and symptoms of PAH. In addition to the baseline treatments, patients in the control group were given sacubitril/valsartan tablets, while patients in the study group were given sacubitril/valsartan tablets plus dapagliflozin tablets. After 6 months of treatment, parameters including left heart function and exercise tolerance, Hemodynamics (left ventricular end systolic diameter [LVSED], left ventricular end diastolic diameter [LVEDD], left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF], 6 min walk distance (6MWD), mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP)), vascular endothelial function (plasma endothelin (ET) −1 and nitric oxide [NO]), heart failure markers (plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)], inflammatory factors (serum C reactive protein [CRP], interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α], and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were assessed in both groups.

Results

Both groups had reduced LVESD and LVEDD, increased LVEF, and extended 6MWD after 6 months of treatment. The improvements in these parameters were significantly greater in the study group than in the control group (all P < 0.05). In addition, both the mPAP and PASP showed a decrease, and the mPAP and PASP in the study group were lower than those in the control group ( p<0.05). Furthermore, both groups had decreased plasma ET-1 and NT-proBNP but increased plasma NO after 6 months of treatment. The improvements in these parameters were significantly greater in the study group than in the control group (all P < 0.05). Serum CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were decreased in both groups after 6 months of treatment, and were significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the overall incidence of ADRs between the two groups ( P > 0.05).

Conclusion

Sacubitril/valsartan plus dapagliflozin in the treatment with PAH due to left heart disease can improve left heart function of patients by improving vascular endothelial functions and alleviating inflammation, which helps to reduce the PAH process. Therefore, this combination treatment is safe and effective in PAH due to left heart disease.
Eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis of the sinonasal tract: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Javadirad Etrat , Roozbahani Narges Eskandari , Sadafi Sepehr
Published: September 2022

Eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis (EAF) is a rare chronic benign disorder of unknown etiology and is characterized by submucosal thickening and fibrosis in the upper respiratory tract. In this report, we describe a case of EAF in the nasal cavity of a woman who underwent elective surgery for division of adhesions and has had no recurrence during 2 years of postoperative follow-up. A review of the literature on the clinical manifestations of EAF, sites of lesions, management, and outcomes identified 48 articles that included 72 cases. A summary of these reports is presented, including our present case. The most common anatomic site involved was the nose (77.8%), the most common manifestation was nasal obstruction (66.7%), and the most common treatment modality was surgical resection (83.3%). After surgery, 36% of patients remained free of EAF. The most common pharmacologic agent used was a corticosteroid (38.9%).
Epidemiology and treatment utilization for Canadian patients with migraine: a literature review
Authors: Graves Erin B , Gerber Brittany R , Berrigan Patrick S , Shaw Eileen , Cowling Tara M , Ladouceur Marie-Pier , Bougie Joanna K
Published: September 2022

The objective of this narrative review was to identify real-world evidence regarding the burden of migraine in Canada. We conducted a literature search in MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for studies published between August 2010 and August 2020. Of the 3269 publications identified, 29 studies were included. Prevalence estimates varied widely across Canada, and mental health comorbidities were common. Individuals with migraine have a lower quality of life, detrimental impact on workforce productivity, and higher rates of health care resource utilization (HCRU), with HCRU and costs highest among those with chronic migraine. We found inconsistencies in care, including underutilization of medications such as triptans, and varied utilization of over-the-counter and prescription medications. Increased medication use was identified among those with chronic migraine, and only a small number of patients used migraine preventive medications. The burden of migraine in Canada is substantial. Reduced quality of life and workforce productivity, increased HCRU and costs, and underutilization of triptans and migraine preventive medications highlight an important need for more effective management of individuals with migraine.
An Empirical Comparison of the Profiles of Security Threat Group Offenders with General Offenders
Authors: Leuprecht Christian , B. Skillicorn David , Bright David
Published: September 2022

Datasets of offender attributes, both pre-custody and in-custody, were provided by the Correctional Service of Canada with the goal of exploring whether Security Threat Group (STG) offenders (informally, gang members of various kinds) differ in any systematic way from other offenders. For pre-custody attributes, we show that the entire offender population varies along two almost independent axes, one associated with affinity for violence, and the other with affinity for substance abuse. Within this structure, STG offenders are characteristically less extreme, in either direction, than the general offender population. For approximately two dozen attributes, STG offenders, as a group, tend to have higher values; for a few, they tend to have lower values. For in-custody attributes, the entire offender population forms a triangular structure whose vertices represent: passivity; violence and troublemaking; and involvement in programs leading to partial release. The differences between the STG offender population and the general offender population are small. An offender who is placed at the high end of the propensity for violence axis and/or the high end of the substance abuse axis based on pre-custody attributes is much more likely to be involved in incidents, grievances, and violence while in custody. This may have implications for risk stratification of incoming offenders.
Geospatial alternatives for quantification of bio-thermal influence zone in the vicinity of a solid waste dump
Authors: Basit Iqra , Faizi Fiza , Mahmood Khalid , Bilgili Mehmet Sinan , Yildirim Yilmaz , Mushtaq Fatima
Published: September 2022

Owing to the release of toxic gases, leachate and thermal emissions that originate from waste dumps, these sites significantly impact environmental sustainability. The study attempts to assess the deleterious impact of municipal solid waste (MSW) dump on surrounding forested landscape by employing geospatial technologies, which are cost and time-effective. For this purpose, temporal period ranging from 2015 to 2020, having 41 valid satellite observations has been selected for study. Firstly, the radii of intense hazardous zone and hazardous zone have been measured, as two separate parameters, which are 580 ± 30 m and 1260 ± 30 m, respectively. Secondly, average spatial extent of bio-influence zone is measured to be 1262 m while the average thermal influence zone extends up to 530 m around the MSW dumping site. A detailed analysis of influence zone variations reveals that the bio-influence zone depends on multitude of meteorological parameters, whereas the thermal influence zone relies mainly on seasonal temperature fluctuations. Moreover, the level of severity of emissions from MSW decomposition directly depends upon temperature. The long-term variability analysis of these hazardous zones reveals the stationarity of their spatial extents, signifying forest resilience. This study has proved significance of geospatial techniques as an alternate of expensive and time intensive assessment methods involving in situ measurements. So the proposed technique is beneficial for environmentalists, decision-makers and municipal authorities for analysing the extent and severity of MSW pollutants for forest community to address the problem of ecological degradation.
Value Priorities, Honoring the Dignity of Persons, and Living the Art of Nursing
Authors: Carroll Karen
Published: September 2022

Values and expression of values reflect an explicit-tacit coming to know, and value priorities sculpt theoretical knowledge and practice. The author in this article proposes that values, theory, and practice provide a connectedness among persons, families, and communities that promotes the dignity of persons. The promotion of dignity of persons goes beyond a framework that only focuses on the critical elements of missed or incomplete nursing care.
Holistic Nursing: An Essence of Nursing Philosophies
Authors: Doe Mi Jin
Published: September 2022

The author in this article provides introduction to the eighth edition of Dossey & Keegan’s Holistic Nursing: A Handbook for Practice, reflecting on holistic nursing as an essence of nursing philosophies.
Did Amram have a choice? Divine determinism and human choice in 4QVisions of Amram
Authors: Siegismund Kasper
Published: September 2022

4QVisions of Amram has often been presented as a text that stands for human choice or some kind of “free choice” theology. The basis for this interpretation is an intriguing passage that most scholars—with a few notable exceptions—read as an invitation to Amram to choose his own position in relation to two beings who are described as the rulers of light and darkness, respectively. Taking its cue from Perrin’s call for a skeptical stance toward the dominant reading, the article reexamines the passage and its context and questions the standard interpretation from various angles. It discusses the surviving text of the passage, finds the usual reconstruction problematic, and proposes a number of other possible reconstructions. It argues that other parts of the composition are not concerned with the notion of human choice. Rather, deterministic thoughts seem to play a more prominent role, especially if 4Q542 (Testament of Qahat) is seen as part of the work, as has been recently proposed. In addition, the article gives a critical evaluation of the suggested resemblance between Visions of Amram and the Avestan Yasna 30. Various aspects of the relationship between human choice and divine determinism are discussed, leading to the conclusion that choice is often less “free” than it may seem to be.
Design of micro-vibration suppression platform based on piezo-stack array intelligent structure
Authors: Wang Chengyang , Lu Qian , Zhang Kaikai , Shao Li
Published: September 2022

Micro-vibration seriously affects the precision and stability of precision mechanical systems. Aiming at the micro-vibration existing in the semiconductor package positioning system, this paper first designed an active-passive integrated actuator (APIA) based on piezo-stack array, which compensated the mechanical error through the piezo-stack array to improve its positioning accuracy. Based on the APIA, a 6-PUU parallel micro-vibration suppression platform (MVSP) was designed, in which the two APIAs were combined into one and installed on the lower platform along the tangential distribution of the circle, and then the kinematic model of the platform was established. Finally, the PID control algorithm was used to conduct vibration isolation experiments on the MVSP. The experimental results showed that the MVSP had good vibration isolation performance for micro-vibration, the vibration isolation frequency band was above 5 Hz, and the attenuation of micro-vibration signals was between 18% and 64%.
Placebo Analgesia Reduces Costly Prosocial Helping to Lower Another Person’s Pain
Authors: Hartmann Helena , Forbes Paul A. G. , Rütgen Markus , Lamm Claus
Published: September 2022

Painkiller administration lowers pain empathy, but whether this also reduces prosocial behavior is unknown. In this preregistered study, we investigated whether inducing analgesia through a placebo painkiller reduced effortful helping. When given the opportunity to reduce the pain of another person, individuals experiencing placebo analgesia ( n = 45 adults from Austria; 21 male, 24 female) made fewer prosocial choices at the lowest helping level and exerted less physical effort when helping, compared with controls whose pain sensitivity was unaltered ( n = 45; 21 male, 24 female). Self-reported empathic unpleasantness positively correlated with prosocial choices across the whole sample. While not replicating group differences in empathy, a mediation analysis revealed that the level of unpleasantness to other people’s pain fully mediated the effect of placebo analgesia on prosocial choices. Given the importance of prosociality for social cohesion, these findings have broad potential implications both for individuals under the influence of painkillers and for society at large.
Overcoming chemoresistance in glioblastoma by fluvastatin via prenylation-dependent inhibition of Ras signaling
Authors: Long Cheng , Yuan Limei , Wei Wei , Li Jingwen
Published: September 2022

The resistance of glioblastoma to chemotherapy remains a significant clinical problem. Targeting alternative pathways such as protein prenylation is known to be effective against many cancers. Fluvastatin is a potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl- CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase, thereby inhibits prenylation. We demonstrate that fluvastatin alone effectively inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in multiple human glioblastoma cell lines. The combination index analysis shows that fluvastatin acts synergistically with common chemotherapy drugs for glioblastoma: temozolomide and irinotecan. We further show that fluvastatin acts on glioblastoma through inhibiting prenylation-dependent Ras activation. The combination of fluvastatin and low dose temozolomide resulted in remarkable inhibition of glioblastoma tumor in mice throughout the whole treatment duration without causing toxicity. Such combinatorial effects provide the basis for utilizing these FDA-approved drugs as a potential clinical approach in overcoming resistance and improving glioblastoma treatment.
Implication of microglia in ketamine-induced long-term cognitive impairment in murine pups
Authors: Yin Y , Li H , Wang J , Kong Y , Chang J , Chu G
Published: September 2022

Background

Ketamine, a non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, is widely applicable to anesthesia, analgesia, and sedation. However, the function and mechanisms of ketamine in the long-term learning and memory function of neonatal mice are unclear.

Objective

The present study aims to investigate whether long-term learning and memory function will be affected by multiple ketamine exposures in the early development period.

Methods

The mRNA and protein levels were measured by RT-qPCR and western blot, respectively. The Morris Water Maze test was performed to assess spatial learning and memory.

Results

We identified that neonatal exposure to ketamine downsized the positive neurons for microtubule-associated protein doublecortin (DCX) and Ki67 in hippocampal dentate gyrus at the juvenile and late adolescence stages. Double-labeling tests demonstrated that the counts of Iba1+ cells and Ki67+ cells were pronouncedly diminished with exposure to ketamine. Further, qPCR assays to screen the key factors predisposing the populations and maturation of microglia exhibited remarkable decline of CX3CR1 mRNA levels in ketamine group versus the control group. The close relation of microglia to synaptic plasticity was depicted by the significantly downregulated synaptic plasticity-related proteins NR2B and PSD-95 subsequent to multiple exposures to ketamine. Finally, we found that both the protein and mRNA levels of BDNF were markedly decreased in ketamine group versus the control group.

Conclusion

We found that multiple exposures to ketamine in neonatal mice lead to spatial learning and memory dysfunction. The alterations of microglial development and function are the possible mechanisms of long-term learning and memory impairment.
Australian healthcare workers experiences of peer support during COVID-19: Hand-n-Hand peer support
Authors: Musgrove Erica , Bil Daniel , Bridson Tahnee , McDermott Brett
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Founded at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, Hand-n-Hand Peer Support (HnH) offers free, confidential peer support to healthcare workers (HCWs) across Australia and New Zealand. This survey aimed to evaluate HCWs experiences of peer support and collect demographic data about what groups of HCWs were seeking support.

Methods

An online survey was conducted in November 2021 of HCWs who were either active or past HnH participants ( n = 158). Questions included 5-point Likert scales, multiple choice and free text responses.

Results

We received 66 responses (42% response rate). The median age range of respondents was 41–45 years and most were female (87.9%). Most respondents (57.4%) reported experiencing no barriers to accessing peer support. The vast majority (81.4%) of HCWs reported a ‘good’ or ‘very good’ peer support experience. Respondents felt peer support helped in multiple ways, particularly in feeling less alone and having a safe space to discuss issues.

Conclusion

Australian HCWs accessing peer support tended to be female and more senior clinicians. Most HCWs engaged in HnH reported overall very positive experiences. Our survey helped to identify several areas for improvement in HnH, including clearer marketing about peer support and more targeted triage assessments.
Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor of the Head and Neck: A Clinicopathological, Immunohistochemical and Molecular Analysis of Three Cases with Literature Review
Authors: Sun Meng , Shao Mengyuan , Jiang Xuebing , Yin Tangchen , Wang Qifeng , Zhao Lu , Liu Jiahan , Lao I Weng , Yu Lin , Wang Jian
Published: September 2022

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare aggressive malignancy typically originating from the abdominal or pelvic cavity. DSRCT presenting as a primary head and neck tumor has rarely been described in the literature. We present three cases of DSRCT arising in the head and neck to further characterize its clinicopathological features. All three patients were male and aged 36, 30 and 17 years. The involved sites included the orbit (1 case) and submandibular gland (2 cases). The tumors ranged in size from 2.4 to 3.5 cm (mean, 2.1 cm). Histologically, all tumors showed irregular-shaped, variable-sized nests of small round cells deposited in an abundant desmoplastic stroma. Tumor cells contained scant amounts of eosinophilic cytoplasm and small hyperchromatic nuclei with inconspicuous nucleoli. Immunohistochemically, the tumors were positive for keratin (AE1/AE3) (3/3), desmin (3/3), vimentin (2/2), NSE (1/1) and EMA (1/1). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis demonstrated the presence of EWSR1 and WT1 rearrangements in all three cases. All patients received surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. There was no evidence of recurrence and metastasis in two patients, and the third suffered lung metastasis. DSRCT arising in the head and neck represents an extremely rare condition. It is easily mistaken as poorly differentiated carcinoma due to similar morphology and expression of epithelial markers. Immunohistochemistry assay in conjunction with molecular detection of EWSR1::WT1 fusion will be helpful for arriving at an accurate diagnosis to avoid misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment.
Transcription Elongation Factor A (SII)-Like (TCEAL) Gene Family Member-TCEAL2: A Novel Prognostic Marker in Pan-Cancer
Authors: Sun Yu , Zhao Jun
Published: September 2022

Background:

Cancer is the leading cause of death in the world. The mechanism is not fully elucidated and the therapeutic effect is also unsatisfactory. In our study, we aim to find new target gene in pan-cancer.

Methods:

Differently expressed genes (DEGs) was screened out in various types of cancers from GEO database. The expression of DEG (TCEAL2) in tumor cell lines, normal tissues and tumor tissues was calculated. Then the clinical characteristics, DNA methylation, tumor infiltration and gene enrichment of TCEAL2 was studied.

Results:

TCEAL2 expressions were down-regulated in most cancers. Its expression and methylation were positively or negatively associated with prognosis in different cancers. The tumor infiltration results revealed that TCEAL2 was significantly related with many immune cells especially NK cells and immune-related genes in majority cancers. Furthermore, tau protein and tubulin binding were involved in the molecular function mechanisms of TCEAL2.

Conclusion:

TCEAL2 may be a novel prognostic marker in different cancers and may affect tumor through immune infiltration.
Public health pedagogy and digital misinformation: Health professional influencers and the politics of expertise
Authors: Thompson Jay Daniel
Published: September 2022

This article asks: ‘To what extent can health professional influencers function as health pedagogues, educating their audiences and protecting public health in an era of digital misinformation?’ The article teases out that question by applying Content Analysis and Framing Analysis to a selection of TikTok and Instagram posts by Dr Michael Mrozinski, a Scottish general practitioner who is based in Australia. The posts seek to debunk online misinformation and provide facts regarding COVID-19. Mrozinski's social media content exemplifies what the article terms ‘public health pedagogy’ (PHP) – pedagogy that is informed by public health principles and that is undertaken outside traditional educational institutions. The article also asks: ‘How exactly does Mrozinski respond to misinformation actors and to what extent does this diminish the effectiveness of his PHP?’ The article investigates whether Mrozinski's hostility towards these actors actually invokes stereotypes of medical experts as elitist and uncaring. Those stereotypes are commonly expounded by misinformation and conspiracy actors.
Stochastic seismic analysis of structures with nonlinear eddy current dampers
Authors: Huo Zhao-Yu , Khalique Chaudry Masood
Published: September 2022

Eddy current damper (ECD), a contactless energy-dissipating device, is applying to control the vibration induced by earthquake and strong wind in civil structures. Combining with motion magnification mechanisms improves the damping effect of the ECD while significantly strengthens its nonlinearity. The response of single degree of freedom and multi-degree of freedom system with ECDs under a stationary stochastic earthquake characterized by the power spectral density function is evaluated using the stochastic linearization technique and expressions of the equivalent linear damping coefficient based on force criterion and energy criterion have been found, respectively. Comparisons with results obtained by Monte Carlo simulations confirm that for the nonlinearity of eddy current dampers the force-based criterion stochastic linearization technique gives accurate estimation.
Mediating Agent Reliability with Human Trust, Situation Awareness, and Performance in Autonomously-Collaborative Human-Agent Teams
Authors: Rodriguez Sebastian S. , Zaroukian Erin , Hoye Jefferson , Asher Derrik E.
Published: September 2022

When teaming with humans, the reliability of intelligent agents may sporadically change due to failure or environmental constraints. Alternatively, an agent may be more reliable than a human because their performance is less likely to degrade (e.g., due to fatigue). Research often investigates human-agent interactions under little to no time constraints, such as discrete decision-making tasks where the automation is relegated to the role of an assistant. This paper conducts a quantitative investigation towards varying reliability in human-agent teams in a time-pressured continuous pursuit task, and it interconnects individual differences, perceptual factors, and task performance through structural equation modeling. Results indicate that reducing reliability may generate a more effective agent imperceptibly different from a fully reliable agent, while contributing to overall team performance. The mediation analysis shows replication of factors studied in the trust and situation awareness literature while providing new insights: agents with an active stake in the task (i.e., success is dependent on team performance) offset loss of situation awareness, differing from the usual notion of overtrust. We conclude with generalizing implications from an abstract pursuit task, and we highlight challenges when conducting research in time-pressured continuous domains.
Reconstructing authenticity through a multi-paradigmatic umbrella: A process perspective
Authors: Vendette Sebastien , Helmuth Catherine A , Intindola Melissa L , Spiller Chellie
Published: September 2022

While there is a substantive body of research that recognizes the importance of authentic leadership theory, critiques have challenged its dominant and positive-focused conceptualization. We synthesize these extant critiques, providing researchers with an integrative understanding of the theoretical, conceptual, and empirical deficiencies facing authenticity in a leadership context.

These deficiencies have thwarted authentic leadership’s development limiting our understanding of what authentic leadership is and who authentic leaders are. Synthesizing what has been said about authentic leadership demonstrates why authenticity needs to be conceived of and studied differently. We offer being-in-becoming as a multi-paradigmatic umbrella which accommodates different ontological foundations of what it means to be authentic. A being-in -becoming approach recognizes that authenticity emanates from a developmental process, suggesting the study of authenticity must also be thought of processually. Studying authenticity as a developmental process holds important theoretical and practical implications as it embraces the processual nature of our dynamic, evolutionary beings.
Evaluating adherence to American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists guidelines at the first obstetric visit
Authors: Christopher Diane , Markese Amy , Tonick Shawna , Carpenter Lauren , Harrison Margo S
Published: September 2022

Objective:

This is a prospective observational cohort study with the objective of assessing adherence to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists guidelines regarding the first prenatal visit and determining what patient and provider factors are associated with high adherence in a faculty obstetric clinic at an academic medical center.

Methods:

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists guidelines recommend addressing 72 topics early in prenatal care. A research assistant observed the first prenatal encounter and noted which topics were discussed during the visit. Patient and clinic characteristics were also collected. The primary outcome was the percentage of topics covered at each visit. After analyzing all encounters, patient encounters that scored above the median score were compared with encounters scoring below the median using bivariate comparisons with respect to patient and clinic characteristics. A multivariable Poisson regression model with robust error variance was performed on characteristics with a p value of ⩽0.2.

Results:

Fifty-one patient encounters met inclusion criteria and the median score for topics covered was 74%. Patients with chronic disease were more likely to have a higher percentage of topics covered (odds ratio 1.67, 95% confidence interval: 0.91–3.09). Patients who completed a prenatal questionnaire were also more likely to have a higher percentage (odds ratio 2.28, 95% confidence interval: 1.00–5.15) as well as patients who had nurse-led education integrated into their visit during (odds ratio 1.82, 95% confidence interval: 1.19–2.78). Patient satisfaction had no correlation with the number of topics covered.

Conclusion:

The number of topics to cover at the first prenatal visit has expanded creating challenges for patients and providers. Integration of prenatal questionnaires and nurse-led education has the potential to address gaps in antenatal care.
Examination of the COVID-19 Pandemic’s Impact on Mental Health From Three Perspectives: Global, Social, and Individual
Authors: Thomas Lauren E. , Emich Abigail , Weiss Emily , Zisman Corina , Foray Katherine , Roberts Deborah M. , Page Emily , Ernst Monique
Published: September 2022

The extent of the deleterious effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health is recognized ubiquitously. However, these effects are subject to many modulatory factors from a plethora of domains of examination. It is important to understand the intersection of societal and individual levels for global stressors compared with local phenomena and physical-health outcomes. Here, we consider three perspectives: international/cultural, social, and individual. Both the enduring threat of COVID-19 infection and the protective measures to contain contagion have important consequences on individual mental health. These consequences, together with possible remedial interventions, are the focus of this article. We hope this work will stimulate more research and will suggest factors that need to be considered in the coordination of responses to a global threat, allowing for better preparation in the future.
Educators and child health nurses: Working together to support responsive infant and young child feeding practices in early childhood education and care
Authors: Byrne Rebecca A , Baxter Kimberley A , Irvine Sue , Vidgen Helen , Davidson Kamila , Gallegos Danielle
Published: September 2022

The NOURISH:ECE project explored the role of maternal and child health nurses (MCHNs) in early childhood education and care (ECEC) through the design and pilot of professional learning (PL) regarding responsive feeding practices. Eight focus groups were conducted in Queensland (MCHNs, n = 20; educators, n = 29) to explore attitudes regarding partnerships, PL, and feeding practices. Subsequently, a PL module was developed - incorporating videos, group discussion and reflection - and delivered to 64 educators by a MCHN. Educator practices were compared pre- and post-PL. The proportion of meals at which an educator was observed to use responsive feeding practices increased (praise for eating healthy foods, 11.3%–29.2%), but educators were observed pressuring children to eat more often (19.9%–40.1%). NOURISH:ECE provided promising preliminary results regarding PL. However, adequate resourcing and workforce issues in both sectors are barriers to developing effective partnerships across education and health.
Clinical application of ultra-high resolution compressed sensing time-of-flight MR angiography at 7T to detect small vessel pathology
Authors: Lakhani Dhairya A , Zhou Xiangzhi , Tao Shengzhen , Westerhold Erin M , Eidelman Benjamin H , Singh Sandhu Sukhwinder Johnny , Middlebrooks Erik H
Published: September 2022

3D time-of-flight (TOF) MR angiography (MRA) benefits from ultra-high-field MRI (≥7 T) due to improved contrast and increased signal-to-noise ratio. However, high-resolution TOF MRA at 7T usually requires longer acquisition times. In addition, relatively higher specific absorption rate (SAR) at 7T limits the choice of optimal pulse sequence parameters, especially if venous saturation is employed. Here, we illustrate the clinical application of ultra-high resolution cerebral 7T TOF MRA using compressed sensing in cases of artery of Percheron and lacunar infarcts, which showed superior resolution and exquisite details pertinent to the clinical diagnosis. The technical challenges associated with high-resolution 7T imaging were alleviated by optimization of sequence parameters and utilization of compressed sensing acceleration.
The dynamics of the general practitioner-nephrologist collaboration for the management of patients with chronic kidney disease before and after dialysis initiation: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Raffray Maxime , Vigneau Cécile , Couchoud Cécile , Laude Laetitia , Campéon Arnaud , Schweyer François-Xavier , Bayat Sahar
Published: September 2022

Background:

Effective collaboration between general practitioners (GP) and nephrologists is crucial in CKD care. We aimed to analyse GPs’ and nephrologists’ presence and involvement in CKD care and assess how they intertwine to shape patients’ trajectories.

Methods:

We conducted a mixed-methods study that included all patients with CKD who started dialysis in France in 2015 (the REIN registry) and a sample of nephrologists and GPs. We quantified professionals’ presence through patients’ reimbursed healthcare from the French National Health Data System, 2 years before and 1 year after dialysis start. Involvement in CKD care was derived from the nephrologists’ and GPs’ interviews.

Results:

Among 8856 patients included, nephrologists’ presence progressively increased from 29% to 67% of patients with a contact during the 2 years before dialysis start. However, this was partly dependent on the GPs’ referral practices. Interviews revealed that GPs initially controlled the therapeutic strategy on their own. Although unease grew with CKD’s management complexity, reducing their involvement in favour of nephrologists, GPs’ presence remained frequent throughout the pre-dialysis period. Upon dialysis start, nephrologists’ presence and involvement became total, while GPs’ greatly decreased (48% of patients with a contact at month 12 after dialysis start). Collaboration was smooth when GPs maintained contact with patients and could contribute to their care through aspects of their specialty they valued.

Conclusions:

This mixed-methods study shows presences and forms of involvement of GPs and nephrologists in CKD care adjusting along the course of CKD and unveils the mechanisms at play in their collaboration.
The Operating Culture of Finnish Christian Schools1
Authors: Saari Kirsti
Published: September 2022

The main focus of the article is to describe the educational purpose of Finnish Christian schools within their operating culture. The empirical data was derived from the curricula of the schools, questionnaires and interviews. The curricula were examined for the background of the schools’ operations. The theoretical and conceptual framework of the study was built on the philosophy of Martin Buber. The research findings are integrated with the theoretical framework. The study does not emphasise the Christian values but considers them as presuppositions. The context of the questionnaires was a Christian worldview. The method of the research study was mainly content analysis interpreted according to the hermeneutical tradition emphasising interpretation. and understanding.

It was concluded that educational relationship was regarded as fundamental reflecting the absolute value of each student. Communication skills were viewed as essential in building relationships including taking account of emotions. Pupils learned to understand one another's experiences by discussions and listening to the others. Individual attention and time were the keys to promoting wellbeing and personal encounter. Shared everyday life at schools was emphasised by teachers. The active role of parents was also an essential part of the school culture.
A data-driven investigation on park visitation and income mixing of visitors in New York City
Authors: Wei Hanxue , Huang Xiao , Wang Sicheng , Lu Junyu , Li Zhenlong , Zhu Liao
Published: September 2022

It is crucial to understand the current pattern of urban park visitation to achieve environmental justice. Current discussions of environmental equity of parks mainly focus on the inequality provision measured by park accessibility, park area, park quality, and park congestion, ignoring the inequity of social benefits through interactions among mixed-income groups. Based on fine-grained mobile phone location data at the census block group level in 2018 and 2019, we explored visitation patterns and the mixed-income levels of visitors in urban parks in New York City. The visitors were divided into five income groups, with the “income entropy” used as a measure of the mixed level of the visitors in terms of income groups. We answered an important question: what factors affect the visitation intensity and the mixed level of income groups in urban park visitors? Our results revealed that the time of year and season, the parks’ characteristics, the built environment, and the socioeconomic characteristics of the park’s surrounding neighborhoods have strong associations with park use patterns. We also offered implications for urban planning and urban design to promote park visitation and income-diverse park use and improve social inclusion and environmental equity.
Pedagogy for Intangible Cultural Heritage in Pandemic Times: Reflections from an International Workshop during Covid-19
Authors: Chapagain Neel Kamal , Chheda Bharvi
Published: September 2022

Intangible cultural heritage (ICH) as an articulated concept and terminology gained prominence with the adoption of UNESCO’s 2003 convention on safeguarding ICH. The convention also emphasizes capacity building as a key strategy for the safeguarding of ICH (UNESCO, n.d.-b). UNESCO, through the Global Capacity Building programme (UNESCO, n.d.-c), has already put together a network of facilitators and a series of initiatives to promote and implement these activities. Yet, there is a need for more capacity-building programmes to cater to diverse needs and audiences.

During the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, one of the many programmes offered online was that by the Centre for Heritage Management, Ahmedabad University, on ‘ICH and Sustainable Development’ with financial assistance from the International Centre for Information and Networking for Safeguarding ICH (ICHCAP) and supported by UNESCO Bangkok. Originally intended to be in person, it had to be offered online due to the uncertainties of the pandemic. However, the change of mode allowed a larger access to more participants and an extended timeline for the workshop. It also became a constructive challenge to adapt a pedagogy from a field-based into an online environment. This article reflects on such experiences and outcomes of the workshop and concludes with some thoughts on the post-COVID-19 pedagogical strategies for teaching and learning on ICH.