bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Markov decision process for modeling adverse drug reactions in medication treatment of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Eghbali-Zarch Maryam , Tavakkoli-Moghaddam Reza , Esfahanian Fatemeh , Azaron Amir , Sepehri Mohammad Mehdi
Published: June 2019

Type 2 diabetes has an increasing prevalence and high cost of treatment. The goal of type 2 diabetes treatment is to control patients’ blood glucose level by pharmacological interventions and to prevent adverse disease-related complications. Therefore, it is important to optimize the medication treatment plans for type 2 diabetes patients to enhance the quality of their lives and to decrease the economic burden of this chronic disease. Since the treatment of type 2 diabetes relies on medication, it is vital to consider adverse drug reactions. Adverse drug reaction is undesired harmful reactions that may result from some certain medications. Therefore, a Markov decision process is developed in this article to model the medication treatment of type 2 diabetes, considering the possibility of adverse drug reaction occurring adverse drug reaction. The optimal policy of the proposed Markov decision process model is compared with clinical guidelines and existing models in the literature. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to address the manner in which model behavior depends on model parameterization and then therapeutic insights are obtained based on the results. The satisfying results show that the model has the capability to offer an optimal treatment policy with an acceptable expected quality of life by utilizing fewer medications and provide significant implications in endocrinology and metabolism applications.
Thermal and rheological properties of polyamide 6/layered double hydroxide clay composites
Authors: Zwane RDS , Sadiku ER , Ray SS , Luruli NE
Published: June 2019

Thermal and rheological properties of polyamide 6/layered double hydroxide (PA6/LDH) composites were studied. Pristine (U-LDH) and organically modified (M-LDH) clays were used in this study. Some evidence of intercalation was observed on the microstructure of PA6/M-LDH samples, while PA6/U-LDH was characterised by microcomposite morphology as shown by the transmission electron microscopy results. The scanning electron microscopy results showed a complete delamination of the M-LDH in the PA6 matrix while U-LDH was evenly dispersed as immiscible tactoids. In the melt state, the M-LDH had a significant influence on the melt microstructure of PA6 matrix when compared to U-LDH. Differential scanning calorimetry results, both dynamic and isothermal experiments, showed that LDH had a heterogeneous nucleating effect on the PA6 matrix, with the U-LDH showing better nucleating effect when compared to M-LDH. The thermogravimetric analysis results showed that M-LDH had a negative influence on the thermal stability of the composites, while U-LDH improved their thermal stability. The X-ray diffraction and dynamic mechanical analysis results showed that the presence of M-LDH promoted the formation of γ-crystallites in the PA6 matrix, while U-LDH composites were dominated by the α-crystallites. This phenomenon had a positive correlation with increasing content of both LDH clays. An overall improved dynamic mechanical properties were observed for PA6/U-LDH when compared to PA6/M-LDH composites.
Intra-European Union investor–State arbitration post-Achmea: RIP? An assessment in the aftermath of the Court of Justice of the European Union, Case C-284/16, Achmea, Judgment of 6 March 2018, EU:C:2018:158
Authors: Fanou Maria
Published: June 2019

In its judgment in Case C-284/16 Achmea, the Court of Justice of the European Union declared the investor–State dispute settlement provisions included in intra-European Union Bilateral Investment Treaties incompatible with European Union law. The court based its finding on the adverse effect on the autonomy of European Union law, while avoiding a discussion of other grounds of potential incompatibilities (such as compatibility with the principle of discrimination or substantive incompatibilities). This article presents the judgment of the court and provides an account of its implications for the future of intra-European Union investment arbitration.
Time to end the drought in the bush
Authors: Coleman Mathew , Playford Denese
Published: June 2019

Objective:

This paper outlines the current psychiatry workforce shortages experienced by rural and remote communities in Australia and argues that postgraduate training in psychiatry may play a role in rectifying these healthcare access inequities.

Conclusion:

Funding for postgraduate medical specialist training in Australia is undergoing a shift away from solely metropolitan-centric training schemes, based on substantial evidence over the past two decades in undergraduate medical training. Psychiatry is well placed to lead the development of dedicated postgraduate rural training pathways to enhance recruitment and retention of an urgently required rural and remote psychiatry workforce.
An inertial piezoelectric hybrid actuator with large angular velocity and high resolution
Authors: Bao Huilu , Wen Jianming , Chen Kang , Ma Jijie , Lei Dan , Zheng Jiajia
Published: June 2019

This article proposes an inertial piezoelectric actuator with hybrid design of asymmetrically clamping structures and a bias unit for the achievement of large angular velocity and high resolution. To investigate the influence of asymmetrical clamp and bias unit on the driving performance, two types of actuators were fabricated and tested. Combined effects from asymmetrical clamp and bias unit contribute to type A, while their subtractive effect is applied to type B. Using a scanning laser vibrometer, experiments were conducted to analyze the characteristics of the angular displacement and corresponding velocity. It is indicated that the measured first-order natural frequencies for above two types are 13.828 and 14.141 Hz, which agrees well with the simulation results of 16.666 and 17.379 Hz, respectively. Besides, compared with the actuators with simple asymmetrical clamping structure or bias unit, this hybrid actuator can obtain an angular velocity 6.87 rad/s at 80 V and 16 Hz and a resolution of 2.80 μrad under a square signal of 20 V and 1 Hz and an offset distance of −22 mm. As a result, the proposed actuators can achieve large angular velocity and high resolution, which is potentially applicable to quick positioning with high accuracy.
Validity of the Health Systems Science Examination: Relationship Between Examinee Performance and Time of Training
Authors: Dekhtyar Michael , Ross Linette P. , D’Angelo Jean , Guernsey Jeanne , Hauer Karen E. , Lawson Luan , Pusic Martin V. , Hawkins Richard E.
Published: June 2019

The health systems science (HSS) framework articulates systems-relevant topics that medical trainees must learn to be prepared for physician practice. As new HSS-related curricula are developed, measures demonstrating appropriate levels of reliability and validity are needed. The authors describe a collaborative effort between a consortium of medical schools and the National Board of Medical Examiners to create a multiple-choice HSS examination in the areas of evidence-based medicine/population health, patient safety, quality improvement, and teamwork. Fifteen schools administered the 100-question examination through 2 academic years a total of 1887 times to 1837 first-time takers. Total test score mean was 67% (SD 11%). Total test reliability as measured by coefficient α was .83. This examination differentiated between medical students who completed the examination before, during, and after relevant training/instruction. This new HSS examination can support and inform the efforts of institutions as they integrate HSS-related content into their curricula.
A Sample of Predominately African American Domestic Violence Victims’ Responses to Objective Risk Assessments
Authors: Dinwiddie Krystal , Zawadzki Sandra , Ristau Kelly , Luneburg Amanda F. , Earley Taylor A. , Ruiz Mairey , Talley DiJonée , Iaccino Jim , Coker Kendell L.
Published: June 2019

One area of significant concern for researchers of domestic violence is identifying the utility of objective risk assessment tools on diverse samples. This study included a sample of predominately African American women ( n = 57) living in a domestic violence shelter. The study compared the Danger Assessment (DA) and the Ontario Domestic Assault Risk Assessment (ODARA) to evaluate their responses of their risk for re-abuse. Results revealed a moderate to strong correlation between the DA and ODARA ( r = .73). Offender’s age, habitation, and pregnancy status were not related to the victim’s perceptions of risk for future abuse. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Effects of Animal-Assisted Activity on Mood States and Feelings in a Psychiatric Setting
Authors: Brown Sandra , Snelders Jill , Godbold Joan , Moran-Peters Judith , Driscoll Denise , Donoghue Donna , Mathew Lilly , Eckardt Sarah
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND: Research has shown that animal-assisted activity (AAA) effectively improves physiological, psychological, emotional, and social well-being in various environments. AIMS: To identify how AAA affects mood states and feelings among both patients and staff on inpatient psychiatric units. METHODS: This study used a quasi-experimental, pre-/posttest design with nonequivalent comparison groups. Quantitative data were collected using the Visual Analog Mood Scale. Demographic data, with an open-ended question, were obtained postsessions. RESULTS: Significant changes were observed pre- and postexposure to AAA sessions with a therapy dog. Negative moods decreased, and positive moods increased as measured by the Visual Analog Mood Scale. Content analysis identified themes of feeling happy, feeling relaxed, and feeling calm. CONCLUSIONS: This research expands scientific evidence associated with AAA by identifying changes in mood states and feelings among individuals in a psychiatric setting.
Vehicle weight identification for a bridge with multi-T-girders based on load transverse distribution coefficient
Authors: Zuo Xiao-Han , He Wen-Yu , Ren Wei-Xin
Published: June 2019

It is still an issue to identify the vehicle weight for bridges with multi-T-girders which is essential in bridge operation management. In this study, a vehicle weight identification method is proposed for bridges with multi-T-girders. To consider the load transverse distribution effect, first the separation variable method is adopted to separate the spatial influence surface function of vehicle load into the product of two single-valued functions. Then the procedures of the vehicle weight identification method are proposed using the measured strain responses of the T-girders caused by the passing vehicle accordingly. A numerical example of a bridge with five T-girders and an experimental example of a bridge with two T-girders are conducted to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. Furthermore, the performance of the proposed method is compared with the typical existing method in which the load transverse distribution effect is not considered.
In their own words: A normative-empirical approach to journalistic roles around the world
Authors: Standaert Olivier , Hanitzsch Thomas , Dedonder Jonathan
Published: June 2019

Based on qualitative responses from journalists working in 67 countries, this article presents evidence from a comparative assessment of normative journalistic roles. Different from other types of journalistic roles, normative roles refer to professional aspirations as to how journalism and journalists are supposed to contribute to society. While these roles are typically studied through standardized sets of statements, this study builds on journalists’ own assessments of what should be the most important roles of journalism in their societies. The material for this analysis was obtained from the 2012–2016 wave of the Worlds of Journalism Study. Responses of 20,638 journalists from around the world yielded 45,046 references to journalistic roles. Results show that journalists still see their normative roles primarily in the political arena – a finding that is consistent across the countries investigated. In non-Western countries, journalists articulated a normative demand for intervention in social processes and a more constructive attitude toward ruling powers. Overall, our analysis demonstrates that the normative core of journalism around the world is still invariably built on the news media’s contribution to political processes and conversations, while other areas, such as the management of self and everyday life, remain marginalized.
Latinx Students’ Mathematics Anxiety and Their Study Habits: Exploring Their Relationship at the Postsecondary Level
Authors: Fernández Luis Miguel , Wang Xiaohui , Ramirez Olga , Villalobos María Cristina
Published: June 2019

Increasing Latinx students’ success in college-level mathematics calls for exploration on their mathematics anxiety as it relates to study habits. Using a sample of Latinx students in a Hispanic Serving Institution and their levels of mathematics anxiety, pairwise analyses revealed significant differences among subgroups. Moreover, regression analyses showed Latinx students’ study habits being predictive of mathematics anxiety. As a result, recommendations are provided that could alleviate mathematics anxiety and its effects on Latinx college students.
Smart cities survey: Technologies, application domains and challenges for the cities of the future
Authors: Sánchez-Corcuera Ruben , Nuñez-Marcos Adrián , Sesma-Solance Jesus , Bilbao-Jayo Aritz , Mulero Rubén , Zulaika Unai , Azkune Gorka , Almeida Aitor
Published: June 2019

The introduction of the Information and Communication Technologies throughout the last decades has created a trend of providing daily objects with smartness, aiming to make human life more comfortable. The paradigm of Smart Cities arises as a response to the goal of creating the city of the future, where (1) the well-being and rights of their citizens are guaranteed, (2) industry and (3) urban planning is assessed from an environmental and sustainable viewpoint. Smart Cities still face some challenges in their implementation, but gradually more research projects of Smart Cities are funded and executed. Moreover, cities from all around the globe are implementing Smart City features to improve services or the quality of life of their citizens. Through this article, (1) we go through various definitions of Smart Cities in the literature, (2) we review the technologies and methodologies used nowadays, (3) we summarise the different domains of applications where these technologies and methodologies are applied (e.g. health and education), (4) we show the cities that have integrated the Smart City paradigm in their daily functioning and (5) we provide a review of the open research challenges. Finally, we discuss about the future opportunities for Smart Cities and the issues that must be tackled in order to move towards the cities of the future.
Walking the Tightrope between Study Participant Autonomy and Researcher Integrity: The Case Study of a Research Participant with Alzheimer’s Disease Pursuing Euthanasia in Switzerland
Authors: Portacolone Elena , Covinsky Kenneth E. , Johnson Julene K. , Rubinstein Robert L. , Halpern Jodi
Published: June 2019

This article addresses ethical issues in the conduct of ethnographic research with vulnerable study participants, such as individuals with cognitive impairment. Seven ethical issues emerged from this case study, in which a participant diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease wished to pursue euthanasia in Switzerland: (a) How to protect the participant’s autonomy while ensuring his decision had not resulted from untreated depression or modifiable social factors; (b) How to interpret self-harm; (c) How to protect the research team members’ “mandated reporter” status; (d) How to counteract the attractive qualities of pro-euthanasia videos depicting an easy end to personal suffering; (e) How to find a better alternative to the common practice of reporting self-harm cases to Adult Protective Services and then removing these cases from studies; (f) How to leverage a participant’s trust to address these issues; and (g) Whether researchers should do anything further to help address unmet needs in similar situations.
The year in between: 1917, Passchendaele, and the Queensland press
Authors: Kerby Martin , Baguley Margaret
Published: June 2019

This article explores newspaper reports appearing in the Australian state of Queensland during the main Australian participation in the Third Battle of Ypres (31 July–10 November 1917). The manner in which the fighting at Ypres was mediated to Queenslanders through press reports offers an insight into the impact of war correspondence and censorship on a population with limited access to dissenting views or informed analysis. Although there was considerable domestic turmoil across Australia, Queensland was subject to a variety of heightened political and social pressures which makes it a fruitful area of study. The newspaper reports initially emphasized the battle’s potential to end the war and the central role being played by Australian troops. When the advance stalled, the press shifted its focus to the heroic endurance of the troops as they battled the Germans, the weather and the terrain. By then, the battle had been reimagined as a tactical move toward higher ground rather than the promised breakthrough. This shift in focus reflected the major alteration in the relationship between the army and the war correspondents, who were now a vital component of a complex system of propaganda, one that saw them increasingly acting as a mouthpiece for the British Army. By the final year of the war, Queensland was derided as being conspicuous among the Australian states for its disloyalty and anti-Empire and anti-Australian feeling. Nevertheless, the reports of the fighting at Ypres appearing in Queensland newspapers, which were numerous and detailed, are significant for their studied avoidance of anything other than the battlefield.
South–South Cooperation in Southeast Asia: From Bandung and Solidarity to Norms and Rivalry
Authors: Engel Susan
Published: June 2019

This article demonstrates how South–South Cooperation (SSC), as it is now constituted in Southeast Asia, is little more than a liberal norm retaining only echoes of its origins in the 1955 Bandung Conference that first created SSC based on solidarity, common interests, and sovereignty. Southeast Asia is a useful case study of SSC’s evolution, as its states have been major players over the decades – with Indonesia proposing the Bandung Conference, Malaysia playing a key role in the 1980s, and Indonesia again at the forefront of the region from the first years of the new century onwards. Thailand and Singapore also have notable SSC programmes. However, the practices of SSC in the region show that it has become a liberal norm based on one key instrument – technical cooperation programmes. The process of SSC norm internalisation has occurred through a complex webbing of the interests and ideas of Southeast Asia’s states, regional dynamics, and Northern donor interests.
Inhibitory Mechanism of Baicalein Against α-Glucosidase
Authors: He Chengyun , Liu Xiaoling , Sun Junliang
Published: June 2019

Baicalein is one of the main bioactive compounds in Scutellaria baicalensis. In this study, its inhibitory mechanism against α-glucosidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was clarified based on experimental and molecular simulation methods. According to HPLC analysis, the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of S. baicalensis (IC50, 6.75 ± 0.08 μg mL−1) was superior to that of acarbose (IC50, 2.52 ± 0.12 mg mL−1). The fluorescence results suggested that baicalein could form a complex with α-glucosidase at the molar ratio of 1 under the drive of hydrogen bonding and van der Waals force. Molecular docking showed that baicalein could form hydrogen bonds with Trp391, Arg428, Gly566,and Glu771 of α-glucosidase, and interacted with Phe385, Phe389, Arg387, Glu429, Phe444, Trp789, and Trp710 by hydrophobic force, which coincided with the experimental results. It can be concluded that baicalein is a potential α-glucosidase inhibitor for controlling the postprandial blood glucose level of diabetics.
Cost Comparison of Synthetic Hydrogel Implant and First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthrodesis
Authors: Rothermel Shane D. , King Jesse L. , Tupinio Maegan , Walley Kempland C. , Juliano Paul J. , Aynardi Michael C.
Published: June 2019

Background. First metatarsophalangeal (MTP) arthrodesis is the “gold standard” treatment for hallux rigidus. Recently, there has been increased interest in new synthetic cartilage implants to preserve joint motion while eradicating pain. With current health care economics, the cost of a treatment is gaining particular importance. This study set out to perform a cost comparison between MTP arthrodesis and synthetic hydrogel implant to determine which treatment modality is more cost-effective based on direct aggregate costs. Study design. Economic and decision analysis. Methods. Studies in the available literature were analyzed to estimate hardware removal rates for MTP fusion and failure rates for a synthetic hydrogel implant and MTP fusion. Costs were determined by examining direct costs at a single institution for implants and data reported in the literature for operating room time. Sensitivity analysis and Monte Carlo simulation were performed to examine cost and measurement uncertainty. Results. Assuming a 4.76% MTP arthrodesis revision rate and 7.06% hardware removal rate, the total direct cost of MTP joint arthrodesis was $3632. Using a 9.2% failure rate with subsequent conversion to MTP arthrodesis, the total cost of synthetic hydrogel implant was $4565. Sensitivity analysis revealed that MTP fusion was more cost-effective even if the failure rate increased to 15% and synthetic hydrogel implant failure rate was 0%. The synthetic cartilage implant cost would have to be reduced 28% or approximately 200% the cost of MTP fusion implants to be comparable to MTP arthrodesis. Conclusion. Hallux rigidus treatment with a synthetic hydrogel implant resulted in a higher direct aggregate cost than MTP arthrodesis.

Level of Evidence: Level II: Cost analysis
Primary cementless stems in septic hip revision: Indications and results
Authors: Cavagnaro Luca , Chiarlone Francesco , Divano Stefano , Capello Andrea Giorgio , Felli Lamberto , Burastero Giorgio
Published: June 2019

Purpose:

The aim of our work is to evaluate results obtained from a cohort of patients affected by periprosthetic joint infection and treated with a primary cementless stem in a two-stage technique framework.

Methods:

Eighty-four patients were evaluated at a mean follow-up of 37.4 months. The main demographic, surgical, clinical, and radiographic data were recorded. A femoral window for stem removal was performed in 33 patients.

Results:

Statistically significant improvement was noted for both the Harris Hip score and the Oxford Hip score. Postsurgical complications included thigh pain in three patients, subsidence (>2 mm) in one patient, implant dislocation in two patients, cup revision in one patient, implant revision for septic failure in two patients, and stem revision for varus position in one patient. The stem survivorship rate was 96.3%. There were no significant differences between the groups in which a cortical window was created or not.

Conclusion:

Femoral stem revision with primary cementless stems is a viable option in selected patients undergoing two-stage hip revision surgery. Correct indication is a cornerstone of good outcome. The use of a cortical window does not affect the final outcome or implant survivorship rate.
BM is preferred over PBSCs in transplantation from an HLA-matched related female donor to a male recipient
Authors: Nakasone Hideki , Kawamura Koji , Yakushijin Kimikazu , Shinohara Akihito , Tanaka Masatsugu , Ohashi Kazuteru , Ota Shuichi , Uchida Naoyuki , Fukuda Takahiro , Nakamae Hirohisa , Matsuoka Ken-ichi , Kanda Junya , Ichinohe Tatsuo , Atsuta Yoshiko , Inamoto Yoshihiro , Seo Sachiko , Kimura Fumihiko , Ogata Masao
Published: June 2019

The use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor–mobilized peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) and sex-mismatched hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), especially with female donors and male recipients (FtoM), is known to be associated with an increased risk of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) compared with transplantation with bone marrow (BM). This raises the question of whether the use of PBSCs in FtoM HCT might affect allogeneic responses, resulting in fatal complications. Using a Japanese transplantation registry database, we analyzed 1132 patients (FtoM, n = 315; MtoF, n = 260; sex-matched, n = 557) with standard-risk diseases who underwent HCT with an HLA-matched related donor without in vivo T-cell depletion between 2013 and 2016. The impact of PBSC vs BM on transplantation outcomes was separately assessed in FtoM, MtoF, and sex-matched HCT. Overall survival (OS) and nonrelapse mortality (NRM) at 2 years post-HCT were significantly worse in patients with PBSCs vs those with BM in FtoM HCT (2-year OS, 76% vs 62%; P = .0084; 2-year NRM, 10% vs 21%; P = .0078); no differences were observed for MtoF or sex-matched HCT. Multivariate analyses confirmed the adverse impact of PBSCs in FtoM HCT (hazard ratio [HR] for OS, 1.91; P = .025; HR for NRM, 3.70; P = .0065). In FtoM HCT, patients with PBSCs frequently experienced fatal GVHD and organ failure. In conclusion, the use of PBSCs in FtoM HCT was associated with an increased risk of NRM in the early phase, resulting in inferior survival. This suggests that, when we use female-related donors for male patients in HCT, BM may result in better outcomes than PBSCs.
Outcome-based providing and commissioning: pathways and standards
Authors: Kingdon David
Published: June 2019

Aims and method

Implementation of evidence-based psychosocial interventions in accordance with National Institute of Health and Care Excellence guidelines and quality standards has been incomplete. This project involved allocation of adults under mental health services to six guideline categories, completion of a clinician- and patient-rated outcome measure, and individual assessment against clinical standards.

Results

In the first 3 months of the project, 5048 patients were allocated to a pathway and 3734 (73%) were assessed against at least one of the relevant standards. All were assessed using the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (91–93% of scales completed) and 1866 (36%) completed the patient-rated outcome measure, DIALOG.

Clinical implications

Clinicians will allocate patients to pathways, complete outcome measures and assess against standards, providing data to guide practice, service design and costing of mental health systems with supporting technology to assist data entry and presentation. This has the potential to provide much improved and readily accessible information about individual outcomes and standards for people with mental health problems and those working with them. It could also provide a method for payment for services which directly support good clinical practice.
Advanced Lipoprotein Analysis Shows Atherogenic Lipid Profile That Improves After Metreleptin in Patients with Lipodystrophy
Authors: Kinzer Alexandra B , Shamburek Robert D , Lightbourne Marissa , Muniyappa Ranganath , Brown Rebecca J
Published: June 2019

Context

Patients with lipodystrophy have dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. Leptin treatment with metreleptin in lipodystrophy decreases insulin resistance and lowers triglycerides without changing high-density lipoprotein. Detailed measurement of lipoprotein particles with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy can offer insights into cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and lipid metabolism beyond a standard lipid panel. We hypothesized that patients with lipodystrophy would have a more atherogenic lipid profile than controls at baseline, which would be ameliorated with metreleptin treatment.

Objective

To characterize the lipoprotein profile in patients with lipodystrophy compared with controls and to evaluate effects of metreleptin treatment.

Design, Setting, Patients, and Intervention

Patients with lipodystrophy (N = 17) were studied before and after metreleptin for 2 weeks and 6 months and compared with 51 insulin-sensitive sex-matched controls.

Main Outcome Measures

Lipoprotein profiles were measured by NMR with the LP4 deconvolution algorithm, which reports triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particles (TRLPs), high-density lipoprotein particles (HDLPs), and low-density lipoprotein particles (LDLPs).

Results

Patients with lipodystrophy had elevated large TRLPs and smaller HDLPs and LDLPs compared with controls. Five patients with lipodystrophy had chylomicrons, compared with zero controls. Metreleptin decreased the size and concentration of TRLPs, eliminated chylomicrons in all but one patient, decreased LDLPs, and increased LDLP size. Metreleptin treatment did not have major effects on HDLPs.

Conclusions

Patients with lipodystrophy had an atherogenic lipoprotein profile at baseline consistent with elevated CVD risk, which improved after metreleptin treatment. The presence of fasting chylomicrons in a subset of patients with lipodystrophy suggests saturation of chylomicron clearance by lipoprotein lipase.
“Wishes Unknown:” A Case Report
Authors: Perez-Protto Silvia E. , Rowbottom James R. , Taylor Mark A.
Published: June 2019

We report the case of a 55-year-old woman who required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for extreme respiratory distress after a liver transplant and eventually died. As is so often the case, this patient’s values and wishes were not documented before she had a risky surgical procedure. Anesthesiologists, in partnership with surgeons, can participate in preoperative discussions exploring wishes and values and document them in advance directives which will help clinicians respect patients’ preferences.
Preoperative Ultrasound-Guided Botulinum Toxin A Injection Facilitates Closure of a Complex Abdominal Wall Hernia: A Case Report
Authors: Tamboli Mallika , Kitamura Riley , Ma Wendy , Kumar Gunjan , Harrison T. Kyle , Wang Rachel R. , Mariano Edward R. , Leng Jody C.
Published: June 2019

Complex abdominal wall hernia repairs can have high failure rates. Many surgical techniques have been proposed with variable success. We report our experience with a new collaborative protocol between general surgery and regional anesthesiology and acute pain medicine services to provide preoperative botulinum toxin A injections to a patient with a large complex ventral hernia to facilitate primary closure. Toxin was administered into the 3 abdominal wall muscle layers under ultrasound guidance at multiple sites 2 weeks before surgery. The resulting flaccid paralysis of the abdominal musculature facilitated a successful primary surgical closure with no postoperative complications.
Optimization of the Capital Structure of Telecommunications Companies in Russia
Authors: Филонова Елена , Filonova Yelyena
Published: June 2019

The choice of optimal capital structure is one of the most important tasks solved by financial management and management of any company. This structure allows you to minimize the weighted average cost of capital and increase the value of the company. The study of problems of optimizing the capital structure and identifying ways to solve them is an urgent task of strategic and financial management. This article presents the results of work in the direction of building the optimal capital structure in the strategic group of competitors of the Russian telecommunications market, which include Rostelecom, Mobile TeleSystems, Megafon, Vympel Communications. The initial informational and statistical base of the performed calculations was the materials of the accounting (financial) statements of the selected companies for 2014–2017.
Study of Approaches to Assessing the Economic Security of the Region
Authors: Каргинова-Губинова В. , Karginova-Gubinova V.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this article is the systematization and critical analysis of existing approaches to assessing the economic security of the region. The author reveals the advantages and disadvantages of theoretical and methodological concepts of the regional economic security assessment presented in the works of domestic and foreign scientists, as well as the system of indicators of economic security of the relevant strategy of the Russian Federation. Based on the results of the study, it is proposed to build a methodology for the analysis of regional economic security of Russian regions on the basis of the synthesis of economic and statistical methods, in particular, multi-purpose optimization, and subjective methods (discourse analysis). The main directions of improvement of the method of assessment of economic security of the Russian Federation established in the corresponding Strategy are defined. The article is of interest to representatives of federal and regional authorities, economists specializing in theoretical and regional issues.
Coworking As a new Form of Work Organization in the Digital Economy
Authors: Ширинкина Елена , Shirinkina Elena
Published: June 2019

The relevance of this study is due to the fact that technological progress forms a networked society, which is manifested in the changing attitude of people to work, consumption, leisure and other aspects of life. In this regard, the article provides a comparative analysis of the principles of workplace organization and their actualization in the digital economy, as well as its impact on the existing forms of work organization. The dynamics of coworking distribution in the world as a new form of labor organization is investigated, however, its borders as a social entity are blurred and unstable, the structure and main characteristics are not described sufficiently. The main conclusions and results of the research will allow to take into account new forms of labor organization in managing human capital, as a new environment for its functioning.
Improving the Efficiency of Internal Control When Calculating with the Budget
Authors: Яровова В. , Yarovova V. , Жукова Н. , Zhukova N. , Шишкин Андрей , Shishkin Andrey
Published: June 2019

The article analyzes the possibility of reducing tax risks in the enterprise through the introduction of tax compliance. The main stages of tax compliance implementation are presented. The method of tax risk management on the introduction of tax compliance is substantiated.
Corporate law
Authors: Ручкина Гульнара , Ruchkina Gul'nara , Ромашкова Ирина , Romashkova Irina , Васильева Оксана , Vasil'eva Oksana , Венгеровский Евгений , Vengerovskiy Evgeniy
Published: June 2019

The manual is a systematic presentation of the main institutions of corporate law. The principles of corporate law, the classification of corporate relations, the sources of corporate law are considered. Special attention is paid to the analysis of corporate legal entities and their system of governing bodies. For a better mastery of the material, each chapter of the textbook ends with test questions and tasks, practice-oriented and test tasks, a list of recommended sources.
The publication contains regulatory material as of April 1, 2019.
Complies with the requirements of the federal state educational standard of higher education of the last generation.
Designed for use in the educational process in the direction of training 40.03.01 "Jurisprudence" in legal educational institutions of higher education.
Ostatnie miesiące życia, proces i ścięcie Karola I Stuarta w opinii prasy angielskiej
Authors: Nortowska Paulina
Published: June 2019

The Last Months , Trial and Execution of Charles I in the Opinion of the English Press

The aim of this article is to compare different points of view on phenomenon of the trial, conviction and execution of the English (and Scottish) monarch, Charles I. The newsbooks A Perfect diurnall of the passages in Parliament (paper published by Parliament) and Mercurius Pragmaticus, Communicating intelligence from all parts, touching all affaires, designes, humours, and conditions, throughout the kingdome, especially from Westminster and the head‑quartes (newspaper of supporters of King Charles I of England) were analysed and compared. The comparison was made for the years 1647–1649 with a focus on the Second English Civil War. In the case of A Perfect diurnall, the articles published between 3.06.1647 and 7.02.1649 — from the extradition of King Charles I of England to Commissioners to the King’s funeral. The other newsbook, Mercurius Pragmaticus, was published from 14.09.1947 to 1.05.1649. The main focus of this analysis is to show the differences between the two publications in their presentation of the imprisonment, trial and execution of King Charles I.
Rozczarowania i animozje polskich kombatantów w latach 30. XX wieku
Authors: Kasprzycki Remigiusz
Published: June 2019

Disappointment and Animosities among Polish Combatants in the 1930s

The Polish combatant environment was extremely divided in the 1930s, even among members of the same organisations. This is confirmed by a 1935 report by the Ministry of the Interior. The strongest accusations and assaults were directed against Polish and Jewish legionnaires by the national press — including in the papers Polska Narodowa, Falanga and books like Kazimierz Dołega’s Żydzi w czasie walk o niepodległość Polski. War veterans were supposed to be idols and models for society, particularly youths. The divided combatants were hardly able to live up to those ideals.
The Human Coping Process in the Context of Organizational Change
Authors: Silva Andre Luis , Sachuk Maria Iolanda
Published: June 2019

This article systematizes an innovative empirical framework that shows how the transformative process of human coping strategies offers an alternative way to understand the contemporary relations established between individuals and contexts of organizational change. Based on the positive psychology movement, this empirical-qualitative study uses in-depth interviews to professionals, who worked for companies acquired by an international financial institution, for which they worked in the Brazilian market. Through a content analysis, researchers interpreted all data. As a result of this research, the article shows how individual employees transform their protection factors (coping and buffer) through defense mechanisms in managing organizational change imposed in the workplace. This study contributes to the fields of organizational psychology and health psychology, as it delves into the processes through which individual and contextual elements can protect workers under organizationally adverse conditions that can affect them negatively.Keywords: Coping strategies, defense mechanisms, organizational change, qualitative research, positive psychology.
Indicadores emocionais de Koppitz no desenho da figura humana: comparação entre uma amostra clínica e escolares
Authors: Rosa Helena Rinaldi , Okawa Belizario Gabriel , Boccato Alves Irai Cristina , Louro de Castro Valente Maria Luísa
Published: June 2019

Um dos instrumentos mais empregados na avaliação psicológica infantil é o Desenho da Figura Humana (DFH), que possui diversos sistemas de pontuação, sendo um dos mais utilizados internacionalmente o de Koppitz, no qual é verificada a presença de Indicadores Maturacionais para avaliação do desenvolvimento da criança, e de Indicadores Emocionais, para determinar comprometimentos nessa área. Uma revisão da literatura indicou que, embora muitos estudos tenham sido feitos com o DFH, existe controvérsia a respeito desses indicadores. O uso dessa técnica justifica a relevância dessa pesquisa. A presente pesquisa investigou os itens propostos por Koppitz para avaliação de dificuldades emocionais, comparando uma amostra de 74 crianças, na faixa etária de 6 a 11 anos, que buscaram atendimento psicológico com queixas diversas, com um grupo controle de 74 escolares pareados por idade, sexo e tipo de escola, sem queixas emocionais. A aplicação foi individual e ocorreu nas clínicas de atendimento para o primeiro grupo e nas escolas para o grupo controle. Os resultados indicaram que os Indicadores Emocionais diferenciaram as crianças com dificuldades emocionais, que em geral têm seus desenhos afetados por tais dificuldades, contribuindo para confirmar a validade do dfh para avaliação emocional no Brasil.Palavras-chave: avaliação psicológica, desenho de figuras humanas, indicadores maturacionais de Koppitz, indicadores emocionais de Koppitz.
A concepção de psicólogos sobre o rural nas políticas sociais
Authors: Silva Katya de Brito e , Macedo Joao Paulo
Published: June 2019

As políticas sociais constituem um campo de trabalho significativo para a psicologia na contemporaneidade e têm contribuído para a aproximação de psicólogos com os contextos rurais. Assim, este artigo tem por objetivo discutir as concepções a respeito de rural, de psicólogos que atuam nas políticas sociais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada com seis psicólogos que trabalham em três municípios de pequeno porte do estado do Piauí, no Brasil. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de observação participativa, entrevistas semiestruturadas, conversas informais e diários de campo. Os resultados apontam que o termo rural é concebido por esses profissionais prioritariamente como local físico, carente e separado da realidade urbana. Além disso, constatou-se que a inserção mais recente de psicólogos nos contextos rurais trouxe desafios para nossa ciência e profissão em termos de considerar a complexidade do rural brasileiro. Dessa maneira, torna-se necessário que os psicólogos se apropriem de discussões teóricas e críticas sobre o rural como categoria do pensamento, sendo composto de potencialidades e diversidades, para que suas compreensões, abordagens e inserções nesse campo sejam qualificadas.Palavras-chave: psicólogos, políticas sociais, rural.
Estratégias de clustering e switching na evocação lexical de adultos após acidente vascular cerebral nos hemisférios direito e esquerdo
Authors: Beckenkamp Carolina Luísa , Becker Natália , De Carvalho Rodrigues Jaqueline , Fumagalli de Salles Jerusa
Published: June 2019

Comparou-se o número total de palavras evocadas, número de clusters e de switches e média do tamanho de clusters em fluência verbal com critério semântico e ortográfico, e o desempenho entre essas tarefas em cada grupo. Analisaram-se correlações entre essas variáveis e dados sociodemográficos. Participaram 43 adultos após lesão cerebrovascular (11 com lesão no hemisfério cerebral direito - lhd; 32 com lesão no hemisfério cerebral esquerdo - lhe) e 40 adultos neurologicamente saudáveis. Os principais resultados indicaram maior número de palavras evocadas e número de clusters e de switches em ambas tarefas de fluência verbal dos indivíduos saudáveis em relação ao grupo com lhe, mas desempenho similar ao grupo com lhd. Na tarefa com critério ortográfico, o grupo com lhd evocou maior número de palavras, de clusters e de switches do que o grupo com lhe. Os grupos apresentaram melhor desempenho em fluência verbal semântica, em relação à ortográfica. Análises qualitativas permitiram identificar processos cognitivos distintos em fluência verbal após lesão cerebrovascular unilateral.
Psicología Positiva para la Promoción de Salud en Jubilados: estudio de Viabilidad
Authors: Durgante Helen , Navarie e Sá Caroline , Dell’Aglio Débora Dalbosco
Published: June 2019

Estudios sobre programas para la promoción de salud en jubilados, a través del desarrollo de fuerzas-virtudes, demandan profundización empírica en Brasil, dada su relevancia para los campos del envejecimiento activo y positivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la viabilidad de un programa de psicología positiva para la promoción de salud en jubilados, en los siguientes criterios: demanda, aceptabilidad, evaluación del moderador (habilidades sociales e integridad/fidelidad) adhesión, dosis, satisfacción con el programa y con el moderador, comprensión/generalización de los contenidos e implementación del programa. Participaron 11 individuos jubilados (54-75 años) de la región metropolitana de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: cuestionario de admisión, diario de campo del moderador, ficha de evaluación de los observadores, y medida de evaluación del programa. Se observó alta demanda (N=55), satisfacción con el programa y moderadora, así como adhesión/retención. Fueron propuestas alteraciones estructurales, así como retirada de ítems de cuestionarios y fichas de evaluación. Los resultados satisfactorios permiten dar continuidad a la propuesta del programa con estudio de eficacia.Palabras clave: promoción de la salud, jubilación, psicología positiva, evaluación de programa, intervención psicológica.
Integrando estrategias de aceptación y compromiso, conductuales tradicionales, nutricionales y de actividad física para el manejo de la obesidad. Un estudio piloto
Authors: Rodríguez Castellanos Fredy Alexander , García Diana , Gálvez Ángela , Ayala Edward , Fonseca Lorena
Published: June 2019

La obesidad es factor de riesgo para enfermedades crónicas. Esta puede ser tratada con actividad física, dieta con restricción calórica y educación nutricional, incluyendo los componentes psicológicos que median la adherencia a estos hábitos. En un diseño de línea de base múltiple abca entre participantes, el objetivo planteado fue identificar cambios en número de pasos, gasto calórico, aptitud física, indicadores antropométricos, atención plena, evitación experiencial y factores psicológicos relacionados con la conducta alimentaria de cuatro adultos, mediante una intervención multicomponente (entrenamiento concurrente, dieta, educación nutricional, estrategias conductuales estándar y entrenamiento act). Aumentó el promedio de pasos diarios y el gasto kilocalórico en la mayoría de participantes y hubo una mejoría en la mayoría de indicadores antropométricos; no obstante, no ocurrió lo mismo con la aptitud física (exceptuando el incremento de fuerza en miembros inferiores) ni con los aspectos conductuales evaluados. Finalmente, se discuten los hallazgos para mejorar próximas investigaciones.Palabras clave: obesidad, modificación de conducta, actividad física, restricción dietética, terapia de aceptación y compromiso.
Percepção de doença e distress emocional numa amostra de mulheres brasileiras com e sem histórico familiar de câncer de mama
Authors: De Matos Otaran Paola , Kern de Castro Elisa
Published: June 2019

O câncer de mama representa uma preocupação entre as mulheres de modo geral, em especial para aquelas com histórico familiar da doença. A exposição a estímulos externos relacionados à doença pode modificar a percepção da mulher sobre o câncer de mama como, por exemplo, seus sintomas, percepção de controle e cura, causas e consequências envolvidas na possibilidade de adoecer. O objetivo do estudo foi examinar a relação entre percepção do câncer de mama e distress emocional em mulheres com e sem histórico familiar da doença. Participaram deste estudo de delineamento observacional analítico e transversal 114 mulheres usuárias de serviços de atenção básica de saúde do sul do Brasil, 43 delas com histórico de câncer de mama (idade média=48.21; DP=11.91) e 71 sem histórico familiar (idade média=50.21; DP=11.44). Os instrumentos foram: questionários de comportamentos em saúde, de percepção da doença e termômetro de distress. Os resultados sugerem que as mulheres com histórico familiar acreditaram ter menos controle da doença por meio do tratamento (U=1088.5; p<0.05) em comparação às mulheres do grupo sem histórico. Não se observaram diferenças entre os grupos em relação ao distress. Conclui-se que em geral a percepção da doença e distress é semelhante entre mulheres com e sem histórico familiar, porém mulheres com histórico acreditam que a doença é de mais difícil controle.Palavras-chave: percepção da doença, distress, câncer de mama, histórico familiar.