bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the image motion compensation method for a vertical orbit dynamic scanning TDICCD space camera
Authors: Zhang Guoxiu , Xu Youfu , Liu Chunyu , Xie Peng , Ma Wenjia , Lu Yibo , Kong Xianren
Published: October 2023

In this study, a collaborative compensation method for low-dimensional attitude maneuvering and time delay integration charge-coupled device (TDICCD) line-frequency matching is proposed. The method is combined with the validation and analysis of the coordinate system transformation model to address the mismatch between the TDI charge transfer speed and the speed of the target. This mismatch is caused by the inconsistency between the rotational scanning direction of the double-sided mirror used for dynamic vertical orbit scanning imaging in low Earth-orbit satellites and the direction of the satellite along its orbit. The image motion per unit exposure time is decreased from 0.619µm to 0.023µm compared with the uncompensated maneuver mode, and the image quality is noticeably higher.
Three-dimensional force detection and decoupling of a fiber grating sensor for a humanoid prosthetic hand
Authors: Zhang Xiaodong , Wang Yachun , Liu Hongcheng , Xiong Yiwei
Published: October 2023

A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based three-dimensional (3D) force sensor for a humanoid prosthetic hand is designed, which can precisely detect 3D force and compensate for ambient temperature. FBG was encapsulated in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) for force sensitization and immobilization, and the structural parameters of the sensor were optimized by using finite element simulation, so that its sensitivity to 3D force is enhanced. In the meantime, the calibration experiments for normal force fZ, shear force fX/fY, and temperature were conducted, and the 3D force data were decoupled using the least square (LS) and backpropagation (BP) neural networks decoupling methods, so that an overall decoupling error is 0.038. The results show that the sensor has a simple structure, high sensitivity, high linearity, good creep resistance, and rapid decoupling, providing a successful design for the 3D force detection of a humanoid prosthetic hand.
In-plane ESPI with unlimited angle of view for multi-object rotation angle determination
Authors: Jiang Hanyang , Wang Jingwei , Yang Boshuo , Dai Meiling , Peng Guangjian , Yang Fujun , He Xiaoyuan
Published: October 2023

The in-plane electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI), implemented in a Michelson stellar interferometer-like configuration, offers high sensitivity and dynamic measurement. However, its limited angle of view (AOV) remains a major challenge for the rotation angle determination of multiple objects. In this Letter, we analyze the main factors that influence the AOV of the in-plane ESPI and propose an “image transmitting” approach to enlarge the AOV. With the aid of a folded dual-telescope imaging system, we develop an AOV-unlimited interferometer that can determine multi-object rotation angles in real time. The practicability of the interferometer is demonstrated by the application in real-time measuring of the rotation angles of the disks within a 2D granular system.
Counter-propagating fs/ps CARS for sub-100 µm resolution gas-phase thermometry
Authors: Dedic Chloe , Kim Alan , Thompson Ryan , Cutler Andrew
Published: October 2023

A novel counter-propagating (CoP) phase-matching configuration of hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (fs/ps CARS) for ultra-high-resolution measurements of gas temperature is demonstrated. The resulting spatial resolution is on the order of 10's of µm---more than an order of magnitude improvement over traditional phase matching geometries---which enables spatially-resolved gas-phase measurements of steep temperature gradients and minimizes effects of spatial averaging. Two additional advantages of this measurement system are the ability to simply control the location of the measurement volume by adjusting relative pulse timing and the size of the probe volume by adjusting pulse duration. The spatial resolution of the counter-propagating CARS system (CoPCARS) was quantified and the gas temperature across a high-velocity microscale jet emanating from a hypodermic needle was measured using CoPCARS.
Exciplex-forming Systems for High Efficiency OLEDs
Authors: Wong Ken-Tsung
Published: October 2023

Efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) OLED can be realized by blending electron-donating and electron-accepting materials for giving exciplex-forming system with high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and high horizontal emission dipole ratio (Θ//).
Theoretical Investigation of the Temperature-Dependent Stable CCT Operation of Trichromatic LED-based Illumination Sources
Authors: Onwukaeme Chibuzo , Ryu Han-Youl
Published: October 2023

The temperature-dependent correlated color temperature (CCT) drifts of a trichromatic white LED are investigated, and a theoretical approach to minimizing the drifts is proposed. Adjusting the red-to-blue power ratio enables a temperature-dependent stable CCT operation.
GaN µLED on 200mm Silicon Wafer toward Efficient Chip to Chip Communication
Authors: Le Maitre P. , El Badaoui S. , Cibié A. , Simon J. , Rol F. , Miralles B. , Aventurier B. , Ballot C. , Poncet S. , De Martino P.
Published: October 2023

We present experimental study of emission and reception of GaN µLED fabricated in a 200mm GaN-on-Si process compatible with ASIC monolithic integration, targeting energy efficient chip-to-chip communication through imaging fiber.
Free-Space Diffused Light Collimation and Concentration
Authors: Van de Voorde Mathis , Westerhof Jelle , Pal Shweta , Einhaus Lisanne M. , Heres Geert C. , Kumar Akshay , Zheng Jian-Yao , Hudry Damien , Richards Bryce S. , Saive Rebecca
Published: October 2023

We report on the modelling and experimental validation of diffuse light collimation into free space with a photonic system using the concepts of luminophore down-conversion, spectro-angular emission control and photon recycling.
Timing Recovery for Point-to-Multi-Point Coherent Passive Optical Networks
Authors: Zhou Ji , Yang Jinyang , Wang Haide , Zeng Jianrui , Yu Changyuan
Published: October 2023

We propose a timing recovery for point-to-multi-point coherent passive optical networks. The results show that the proposed algorithm has low complexity and better robustness against the residual chromatic dispersion.
Carrier Phase Estimation for Randomly-Coupled Multi-Core Fiber Transmission Systems
Authors: Yuan Shuai , Yan Hui , Wang Yongfu , Zhang Wendou , Xu Wenwei
Published: October 2023

We compare the performance of separate-channel CPE, joint-channel CPE and master-slave CPE via a 4-core randomly-coupled multi-core fiber transmission experiment. Master-slave CPE shows the best balance between performance and complexity.
Optical Switch Architecture for Intra-datacenter Networks
Authors: Mori Yojiro , Hasegawa Hiroshi
Published: October 2023

We report recent progress in our high-port-count and high-throughput optical circuit switches for intra-datacenter switching networks and discuss their characteristics. Their benefits are realized by utilizing the different dimensions of space and wavelength.
Optimized Low-Complexity Data-Aided Adaptive Equalizer for Short-Reach Coherent Transmission
Authors: Zheng Shuo , Yang Min , Yan Guofeng , Wang Zhongyang , Zhu Yanjun , Zhang Hua , Yao Chaonan , Shao Yuchen , Wang Jian
Published: October 2023

An optimized low-complexity data-aided adaptive equalizer is proposed and demonstrated in a 25Gbaud DP-16QAM back-to-back intradyne system. Compared with conventional adaptive equalizer, complexity reduction of ~51% is achieved with a similar performance.
Tunable Photonic Analog-to-Digital Conversion enabled by a Dispersion-Diversity Multicore Fiber
Authors: García Sergi , Ureña Mario , Gasulla Ivana
Published: October 2023

We propose and demonstrate, for the first time, tunable photonic-assisted time-interleaved analog-to-digital conversion based on a customized dispersion-diversity multicore fiber, providing sampling rates from 25 up to 125 GS/s.
Advancements and Applications of Comb-Based Transceivers in Coherent Optical Networks
Authors: Di Rosa Gabriele , Smyth Frank , Gutierrez M. Deseada , Müller Jasper , Wohlfeil Benjamin , Elbers Jörg-Peter
Published: October 2023

Advancements in optical frequency combs (OFCs) enable next-generation coherent transceiver architectures based on optical carrier multiplexing. We consider state-of-the-art integrated OFCs and explore potential use cases in future optical networks.
Full Spectrum WDM Nonlinear Frequency Division Multiplexed Transmission System using Spectral Overlap
Authors: Schulz Olaf , Moscoso-Mártir Alvaro , Witzens Jeremy , Pachnicke Stephan
Published: October 2023

We present a full spectrum modulated nonlinear frequency division multiplexed transmission system in which b-modulated channels are wavelength division multiplexed with spectral overlap to compensate for nonlinear inter-channel crosstalk.
A recurrent neural network model of prefrontal brain activity during a working memory task
Authors: Piwek Emilia P. , Stokes Mark G. , Summerfield Christopher
Published: October 2023

When multiple items are held in short-term memory, cues that retrospectively prioritise one item over another (retro-cues) can facilitate subsequent recall. However, the neural and computational underpinnings of this effect are poorly understood. One recent study recorded neural signals in the macaque lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) during a retro-cueing task, contrasting delay-period activity before (pre-cue) and after (post-cue) retrocue onset. They reported that in the pre-cue delay, the individual stimuli were maintained in independent subspaces of neural population activity, whereas in the post-cue delay, the prioritised items were rotated into a common subspace, potentially allowing a common readout mechanism. To understand how such representational transitions can be learnt through error minimisation, we trained recurrent neural networks (RNNs) with supervision to perform an equivalent cued-recall task. RNNs were presented with two inputs denoting conjunctive colour-location stimuli, followed by a pre-cue memory delay, a location retrocue, and a post-cue delay. We found that the orthogonal-to-parallel geometry transformation observed in the macaque LPFC emerged naturally in RNNs trained to perform the task. Interestingly, the parallel geometry only developed when the cued information was required to be maintained in short-term memory for several cycles before readout, suggesting that it might confer robustness during maintenance. We extend these findings by analysing the learning dynamics and connectivity patterns of the RNNs, as well as the behaviour of models trained with probabilistic cues, allowing us to make predictions for future studies. Overall, our findings are consistent with recent theoretical accounts which propose that retrocues transform the prioritised memory items into a prospective, action-oriented format.
Climate variability and water-related infectious diseases in Pacific Island Countries and Territories, a systematic review
Authors: Hosking Rose , Smurthwaite Kayla , Hales Simon , Richardson Alice , Batikawai Suliasi , Lal Aparna
Published: October 2023

Background

Climate induced changes in water-related infectious disease (WRID) transmission are a growing public health concern. The effects of climate on disease vary regionally, as do key socioeconomic modifiers. Regional syntheses are necessary to develop public health tools like risk maps and early warning systems at this scale. There is a high burden of WRID in the Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs). There has been significant work on this topic in the PICTs, however, to date, there has been no regional systematic review of climate variability and WRID.

Methods

We searched the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus scientific databases in September 2022 using a combination of disease, climate, and country terms. We included studies that evaluated the association between climate or weather variability and a WRID in the PICTs using a quantitative epidemiological design. We assessed risk of bias using validated tools. We analysed spatiotemporal publication patterns, synthesised the outcomes of studies in relation to the international literature and identified missing evidence.

Results & discussion

We identified 45 studies of climate and malaria, dengue, diarrhoea, leptospirosis, and typhoid, which represent major WRIDs of concern in the Pacific Islands. More than half of the studies were set in Papua New Guinea or Fiji. The number of studies published each year increased exponentially over time from the 1980s to present. We found few comparable outcomes per disease and setting across epidemiological studies which limited the potential for meta-analysis. However, we identified consistent increased incidence of diarrhoea, dengue, leptospirosis, and typhoid following extreme weather events, highlighting the necessity for adequate water, sanitation, and hygiene access across the PICTs. Additionally, there were consistent positive associations between temperature and dengue incidence in New Caledonia, highly seasonal malaria in PNG, increased diarrhoea incidence with high and low rainfall, and positive associations between leptospirosis and rainfall. These findings are biologically plausible and consistent with the international literature. Future work on this topic in the PICTs can take advantage of increasingly available health and climate data to consolidate the field across a greater diversity of settings and apply these findings to strengthening climate resilient health systems.

Registration

This review is registered with the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPEROCRD42022353853), in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.
Machine learning algorithms’ application to predict childhood vaccination among children aged 12–23 months in Ethiopia: Evidence 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey dataset
Authors: Demsash Addisalem Workie , Chereka Alex Ayenew , Walle Agmasie Damtew , Kassie Sisay Yitayih , Bekele Firomsa , Bekana Teshome
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Childhood vaccination is a cost-effective public health intervention to reduce child mortality and morbidity. But, vaccination coverage remains low, and previous similar studies have not focused on machine learning algorithms to predict childhood vaccination. Therefore, knowledge extraction, association rule formulation, and discovering insights from hidden patterns in vaccination data are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to predict childhood vaccination among children aged 12–23 months using the best machine learning algorithm.

Methods

A cross-sectional study design with a two-stage sampling technique was used. A total of 1617 samples of living children aged 12–23 months were used from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey dataset. The data was pre-processed, and 70% and 30% of the observations were used for training, and evaluating the model, respectively. Eight machine learning algorithms were included for consideration of model building and comparison. All the included algorithms were evaluated using confusion matrix elements. The synthetic minority oversampling technique was used for imbalanced data management. Informational gain value was used to select important attributes to predict childhood vaccination. The If/ then logical association was used to generate rules based on relationships among attributes, and Weka version 3.8.6 software was used to perform all the prediction analyses.

Results

PART was the first best machine learning algorithm to predict childhood vaccination with 95.53% accuracy. J48, multilayer perceptron, and random forest models were the consecutively best machine learning algorithms to predict childhood vaccination with 89.24%, 87.20%, and 82.37% accuracy, respectively. ANC visits, institutional delivery, health facility visits, higher education, and being rich were the top five attributes to predict childhood vaccination. A total of seven rules were generated that could jointly determine the magnitude of childhood vaccination. Of these, if wealth status = 3 (Rich), adequate ANC visits = 1 (yes), and residency = 2 (Urban), then the probability of childhood vaccination would be 86.73%.

Conclusions

The PART, J48, multilayer perceptron, and random forest algorithms were important algorithms for predicting childhood vaccination. The findings would provide insight into childhood vaccination and serve as a framework for further studies. Strengthening mothers’ ANC visits, institutional delivery, improving maternal education, and creating income opportunities for mothers could be important interventions to enhance childhood vaccination.
Maternal hepatitis C virus infection and three adverse maternal outcomes in the United States
Authors: Hood Robert B. , Miller William C. , Shoben Abigail , Harris Randall E. , Norris Alison H.
Published: October 2023

Background

Hepatitis Virus C (HCV) infection rates have trended upwards among pregnant people in the USA since 2009. Existing evidence about HCV infections and maternal outcomes is limited; therefore, we used birth certificate data to investigate the association between HCV infection and maternal health outcomes.

Methods

We used the 2017 US birth certificate dataset (a cross-section of 1.4 million birth records) to assess the association between prevalent HCV infection and gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, and eclampsia. Potential confounding variables included prenatal care, age, education, smoking, presence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), body mass index (BMI), and weight gain during pregnancy. We restricted our analysis to only women with a first singleton pregnancy. Odds ratios were estimated by logistic regression models and separate models were tested for white and Black women.

Results

Only 0.31% of the women in our sample were infected with HCV (n = 4412). In an unadjusted model, we observed a modest significant protective association between HCV infection and gestational diabetes (Odds ratio [OR]: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.76–0.96); but this was attenuated with adjustment for confounding variables (Adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.76, 1.02). There was no association between HCV and gestational hypertension (AOR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.91, 1.16) or eclampsia (AOR: 1.15; 95% CI: 0.69, 1.93). Results from the race stratified models were similar to the non-stratified summary models.

Conclusion

We observed no statistically significant associations between maternal HCV infection with maternal health outcomes. Although, our analysis did indicate that HCV may lower the risk of gestational diabetes, this may be attributable to confounding. Studies utilizing more accurately measured HCV infection including those collecting type and timing of testing, and timing of infection are warranted to ensure HCV does not adversely impact maternal and/or fetal health. Particularly in the absence of recommended therapy for HCV during pregnancy.
Variance Decomposition of the Continuous Assessment of Interpersonal Dynamics (CAID) system: Assessing sources of influence and reliability of observations of parent-teen interactions
Authors: Ramer Nolan E. , Fox Sydney E. , Meisel Samuel N. , Kiss Nicole , Page Jamie L. , Hopwood Christopher J. , Colder Craig R.
Published: October 2023

The Continuous Assessment of Interpersonal Dynamics (CAID) is an observational tool that measures warmth and dominance dynamics in real time and is sensitive to individual, dyadic, and contextual influences. Parent-adolescent interpersonal dynamics, which conceptually map onto parenting styles, are an integral part of positive adolescent adjustment and protect against risky outcomes. The current study’s goal was to test the degree to which sources of influence on CAID data observed in a previous study of married couples generalize to a sample of parent-adolescent dyads. We examined data from ten raters who rated moment-to-moment warmth and dominance using CAID in a sample of 61 parent-adolescent dyads (N = 122) who were largely non-Hispanic White (62%) or African American (30%) based on parent report (adolescent M age = 14; 57% female). Dyads interacted in four different discussion segments (situations). We applied Generalizability Theory to delineate several sources of variance in CAID parameters and estimated within and between-person reliability. Results revealed a number of different influences, including the person, kinsperson (adolescent versus parent), dyad, rater, situation, and interactions among these factors, on ratings of parent-adolescent interpersonal behavior. These results largely replicate results from married couples, suggesting that the factors that influence ratings of interpersonal interactions largely generalize across sample types.
Changes in economic activity and mental distress among young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: Differences between the first and second infection waves in the UK
Authors: Zhang Linruo , Gagné Thierry , McMunn Anne
Published: October 2023

Background

While infection rates, lockdown policies, and labor market conditions substantially varied across COVID-19 waves, the majority of evidence on young adults’ mental health remains focused on initial responses in early 2020. The variability of the relationship between economic activity and mental health over time therefore remains poorly understood in this age group.

Methods

Using linear mixed models, we investigated the relationship between current activity and changes in activity and mental distress (GHQ-12) among 1,390 young adults aged 16–34 via the UK Household Longitudinal Study COVID-19 survey. The association was explored in the first (from April to July 2020) and second (from September 2020 to March 2021) infection waves. Current activity was defined as “not working”, “working <17.5 hours/week”, “17.5–35 hours/week”, and “> = 35 hours/week”. Changes in activity were derived from current and pre-pandemic working hours and divided into four categories: “working with no reduced hours”, “working fewer hours”, “no longer working”, and “did not work before the pandemic”.

Results

During the first wave, no association reached statistical significance. During the second wave: 1) compared to “currently not working”, working 35 or more hours was associated with decreased distress (b= -1.54; 95%CI -2.39, -0.69) and working less than 17.5 hours was not (b= -0.62; 95%CI -1.66, 0.41); 2) compared to “working with no reduced hours compared with before the outbreak”, no longer working was associated with increased distress (b= 1.58, 95%CI 0.61, 2.55) and working with reduced hours was not (b= 0.47, 95%CI -0.24, 1.17).

Conclusion

Above the mental health inequalities experienced at the start of the pandemic, full-time work–even with variation in work hours–continued to be a protective factor against mental distress among young adults during the second wave in the UK. Stable, full-time work can better support this age group’s mental well-being over time.
Associations between Social Isolation Index and changes in grip strength, gait speed, bone mineral density (BMD), and self-reported incident fractures among older adults: Results from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA)
Authors: Lee Ahreum , McArthur Caitlin , Ioannidis George , Mayhew Alexandra , Adachi Jonathan D. , Griffith Lauren E. , Thabane Lehana , Papaioannou Alexandra
Published: October 2023

Background

The aim is to investigate whether social isolation and loneliness are associated with changes in grip strength, gait speed, BMD, and fractures.

Methods

Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) Comprehensive Cohort participants aged 65 years and older at baseline (2012–2015) who completed the three-year follow-up interview (2015–2018) were included in this analysis (n = 11,344). Social isolation and loneliness were measured using the CLSA social isolation index (CLSA-SII, range 0–10). We calculated absolute and percent change in grip strength (kg) and gait speed (m/s) and annualized absolute (g/cm2) and percent change in femoral neck and total hip BMD during the three-year follow-up. Self-reported incident fractures of all skeletal sites in the previous 12 months were measured at three-year follow-up. Multivariable analyses were conducted. Odd ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) are reported.

Results

The mean age (standard deviation [SD]) was 72.9 (5.6) years and 49.9% were female. The mean (SD) of CLSA-SII at baseline was 3.5 (1.4). Mean absolute and percentage change (SD) in grip strength (kg) and gait speed (m/s) were -1.33 (4.60), -3.02% (16.65), and -0.05 (0.17), -3.06% (19.28) during the three-year follow-up, respectively. Mean annualized absolute (g/cm2) and percentage change (SD) in femoral neck and total hip BMD were -0.004 (0.010), -0.47% (1.43) and -0.005 (0.009), -0.57% (1.09), respectively. 345 (3.1%) participants had incident fractures. As CLSA-SII increased (per one unit change), participants had 1.13 (adjusted OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.01–1.27) times greater odds for incident fractures. The interaction term between the CLSA-SII and centre for epidemiology studies depression 9 scale (CES-D 9) for self-reported incident fractures was shown (interaction OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00–1.04).

Conclusions

Socially isolated and lonely older adults were more likely to have had incident fractures, but social isolation was not associated with the three-year changes in grip strength, gait speed, or BMD.
Engagement with a youth violence intervention programme is associated with lower re-attendance after violent injury: A UK major trauma network observational study
Authors: Dickson Edward A. , Blackburn Lauren , Duffy Miriam , Naumann David N. , Brooks Adam
Published: October 2023

The hospital based Redthread Youth Violence Intervention Programme (YVIP) utilises experienced youth workers to support 11–24 year olds following an episode of violent injury, assault or exploitation who present to the Emergency Department (ED) at the East Midlands Major Trauma Centre (MTC), Nottingham, UK. The YVIP aims to promote personal change with the aim of reducing the incidence of further similar events. We conducted a retrospective, observational, cohort study to examine the association between engagement with the YVIP and re-attendance rates to the ED following a referral to Redthread. We also examined factors associated with engagement with the full YVIP. We found that 573 eligible individuals were referred to the YVIP over two years. Assault with body parts 34.9% (n = 200) or a bladed object 29.8% (n = 171) were the commonest reason for referral. A prior event rate ratio (PERR) analysis was used to compare rates of attendance between those who did and did not engage with the full YVIP. Engagement was associated with a reduction in re-attendances of 51% compared to those who did not engage (PERR 0.49 [95% 0.28–0.64]). A previous attendance to the ED by an individual positively predicted engagement. (OR 2.82 [95% CI 1.07–7.42], P = 0.035). A weekend attendance (OR 0.26 [0.15–0.44], P<0.001) and a phone call approach (OR 0.25 [0.14–0.47], P = 0.001), rather than a face-to-face approach by a Redthread worker, negatively impacted engagement. In conclusion, assaults with or without a weapon contributed to a significant proportion of attendances among this age group. The Redthread YVIP was associated with reduced rates of re-attendance to the East Midlands MTC among young persons who engaged with the full programme.
Association between dietary calcium, potassium, and magnesium consumption and glaucoma
Authors: Zhang Yin , Zhao Zhihua , Ma Qingmin , Li Kejun , Zhao Xiaobin , Jia Zhiyang
Published: October 2023

Background

Calcium (Ca), potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) may be involved in the occurrence and development of glaucoma by influencing the retinal oxidative stress and regulate blood pressure. However, epidemiological opinions on dietary intake of macroelement related to glaucoma are inconsistent. Herein, this study aims to explore the association between dietary Ca, K, and Mg consumption and glaucoma.

Methods

Data of 7,042 adults aged ≥40 years old who received the glaucoma examinations were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2005 to 2008 in this cross-sectional study. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to explore the association between dietary Ca, K, and Mg intake and glaucoma with the odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We also investigated this relationship in individuals of different age, with/without hypertension and visual field defect (VFD).

Results

There were 502 (8.11%) participants had glaucoma. After adjusted for covariables, we found that enough dietary Ca consumption was related to a decreased risk of glaucoma [OR = 0.59, 95%CI: (0.42–0.81)], whether in persons with/without hypertension (all P<0.05). In particular, dietary K intake may be a potential protect factor for glaucoma in non-hypertension populations [OR = 0.47, 95%CI: (0.22–0.99), P = 0.049]. Additionally, hypertension/non-hypertension persons who aged <65 years old or with/without VFD should all pay attention to the enough dietary supplement of Ca, K, and Mg according to their own circumstances.

Conclusion

Enough dietary Ca, K, and Mg consumption may be potential protect factors of glaucoma that could provide some dietary reference for developing targeted glaucoma prevention and control measures.
Intensified seed spices-based cropping systems for higher productivity, resource-use efficiency, soil fertility and profitability in arid and semi-arid regions of India
Authors: Chaudhary Narendra , Lal Shiv , Singh Ravindra , Meena M. D. , Meena S. S. , Meena R. D. , Jangir C. K. , Bhardwaj V. , Sharma Asheesh
Published: October 2023

Coriander, fenugreek, nigella etc. are collectively known as seed spices. They are “High value and low volume crops” and considered cash crops for the growers of arid and semi-arid regions of India. Coriander, fenugreek and nigella are grown during therabiseason and take hardly 130–140 days to attain full maturity. In this context, farmers are not able to develop income from available arable land round the year, even though they have sufficient resources as well as manpower. Therefore, coriander, fenugreek and nigella-based cropping systems, four of each (total 12) were evaluated during 3 consecutive years (2019–20 to 2021–22) for their productivity, resource-use efficiency, economics and soil fertility. The results showed that among the seed spices-based cropping systems, maximum system productivity (5193 kg ha-1), production efficiency (18.81 kg ha-1day-1), water-use efficiency (2.31 kg ha-1mm-1), economic efficiency (11.85 US $ ha-1day-1), net return (3270 US $ ha-1), benefit:cost ratio (3.27) and available N (165.6 kg ha-1) were observed under nigella-green coriander-mungbean cropping system. Hence, seed spices growers are recommended to adopt nigella-green coriander-mungbean cropping system in order to realize better productivity, resource-use efficiency, soil fertility and profitability.
El enoturismo como catalizador de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible: un análisis aplicado a la industria vinícola española
Authors: Martínez-Falcó Javier , Marco-Lajara Bartolomé , Sánchez-García Eduardo , Martínez-Falcó Joaquín
Published: October 2023

En la actualidad, el enoturismo es una de las modalidades turísticas más importantes y prometedoras al estar vinculada con los nuevos patrones de consumo de los turistas basados en la importancia de la experiencia, así como en una menor duración y una mayor frecuencia en el número de visitas. Esta tipología de turismo favorece el desarrollo territorial de las regiones vinícolas, permitiendo promocionar la gastronomía del territorio, proteger el patrimonio tangible e intangible y generar riqueza económica en el territorio. Por lo tanto, dada la reconocida capacidad de dicha actividad para mejorar el entorno en el que operan las bodegas, a través del presente estudio se propone la existencia de un vínculo positivo entre dicha modalidad turística y la consecución de los ODS aprobados en el seno de las Naciones Unidas en 2015, dentro de la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible. Para llevar a cabo esta tarea se hace uso del método del caso. Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto que el enoturismo cataliza la consecución de los ODS 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 17, siendo una actividad estratégica para mejorar la sostenibilidad de las bodegas en su triple dimensión: económica, social y medioambiental.
Un diario de la infanta María de las Nieves Braganza y Borbón en las trincheras de la I Guerra Mundial
Authors: Martínez García Cristina Bienvenida
Published: October 2023

El auge de biografías, memorias y autobiografías ha abierto campos de análisis poco transitados hasta el momento, como la forma en que los sentimientos y las emociones se constituyen en referencias decisivas para la acción política. La investigación en este tema, referido al período liberal, resulta muy abundante y ha servido como línea de estudio para profundizar en la historia de la mujer. Ahora bien, si han existido excelentes trabajos sobre las mujeres liberales, no hay tantos sobre las mujeres carlistas. María de las Nieves Braganza y Borbón escribió dos diarios referidos a dos guerras que vivió (la guerra Carlista de 1872 y la Primera Guerra Mundial). A pesar del protagonismo que la autora tuvo en ambas y que la dimensión y el significado de cada una de ellas fueron completamente distintos, existe un planteamiento subyacente que corresponde a una misma ideología política y religiosa, que es necesario investigar en las memorias de otras mujeres carlistas considerando sus diferencias o semejanzas con las liberales.
Diffuse Jejunal Lipomatosis and Associated Complications
Authors: Tkachuk Bryce , Collins Reid , Stukalin Igor , Gupta Milli , Ng Danny , Jijon Humberto
Published: October 2023

Small intestinal lipomatosis is a rare condition with a poorly understood epidemiology and pathophysiology. Cases of small intestinal lipomatosis have been documented in multiple countries over the last century, yet little has been published regarding the natural history of this disease. Therapeutic options are largely surgical and based on limited evidence. We report a unique case of diffuse jejunal lipomatosis in a 62-year-old man with complications of small bowel obstruction, small bowel volvulus, jejunal diverticulosis, pneumatosis intestinalis, malnutrition, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, and intestinal dysmotility developing over a 12-year period.
PROSEDUR PEMERIKSAAN DAN PERTIMBANGAN HAKIM PADA PERMOHONAN KEPAILITAN YANG MEMUAT KLAUSUL ARBITRASE DALAM PERJANJIAN
Authors: Rahmadiana Afitrah , Marjo Marjo , Leonard Lapon Tukan
Published: October 2023

Kepailitan merupakan perkara yang timbul akibat tidak dipenuhinya perjanjian dalam kerja sama bisnis, Pengadilan Niaga merupakan jalur litigasi yang disediakan dalam penyelesaian perkara kepailitan. Penulisan hukum ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana prosedur pengajuan dan pemeriksaan permohonan kepailitan yang memuat klausul arbitrase serta terkait pertimbangan majelis Hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan atas permohonan kepailitan yang memuat klausul arbitrase dengan disesuaikan pada peraturan perundang-undangan serta pendapat praktisi yang diperoleh melalui wawancara. Penulisan hukum ini menggunakan metode yuridis empiris yang memperoleh data dengan penelitian langsung ke lapangan dengan spesifikasi penelitian deskriptif analitis guna menjelaskan prosedur pemeriksaan permohonan kepailitan yang memuat klausul arbitrase. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan terkait prosedur pengajuan, pemeriksaan serta pertimbangan Majelis Hakim dalam permohonan kepailitan yang memuat klausul arbitrase dengan permohonan tanpa memuat klausul arbitrase. Hal tersebut ditegaskan melalui Pasal 303 UU KPKPU yaitu apabila syarat untuk dapat diajukannya permohonan kepailitan terpenuhi, dengan adanya utang yang sudah jatuh tempo dan dapat ditagih serta ada 2 kreditor atau lebih. Pertimbangan Hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan atas permohonan kepailitan yang memuat klausul arbitrase yaitu apakah terkait adanya utang yang sudah jatuh tempo dan dapat ditagih serta ada 2 kreditor atau lebih dapat dibuktikannya secara sederhana.
The feasibility of utilizing microwave-assisted pyrolysis for Albizia branches biomass conversion into biofuel productions
Authors: Abd Maha Faisal , Al-Yaqoobi Atheer Mohammed
Published: October 2023

The consumption of fossil fuels has caused many challenges, including environmental and climate damage, global warming, and rising energy costs, which has prompted seeking to substitute other alternative sources. The current study explored the microwave pyrolysis of Albizia branches to assess its potential to produce all forms of fuel (solid, liquid, gas), time savings, and effective thermal heat transfer. The impact of the critical parameters on the quantity and quality of the biofuel generation, including time, power levels, biomass weight, and particle size, were investigated. The results revealed that the best bio-oil production was 76% at a power level of 450 W and 20 g of biomass. Additionally, low power levels led to enhanced biochar production, where a percentage of 70% appeared when employing a power level of 300 W. Higher power levels were used to increase the creation of gaseous fuels in all circumstances, such as in 700 W, the gas yield was 31%. The density, viscosity, acidity, HHV, GC-MS, and FTIR instruments were used to analyze the physical and chemical characteristics of the bio-oil. The GC-MS analysis showed that the bio-oil consists of aromatic compounds, ketones, aldehydes, acids, esters, alkane, alkenes and heterocyclic compounds. The most prevalent component was aromatic compounds with 12.79% and ketones with 12.15%, while the pH of the oil obtained was 5, and the HHV was 19.5 MJ/kg. The pyrolysis productions could be promising raw materials for different applications after further processing.
Zmiany regionalnych struktur sektora usług w krajach UE w latach 2010–2020
Authors: Dominiak Joanna , Kossowski Tomasz M.
Published: October 2023

Rozwój sektora usług, który obserwowany jest wraz ze wzrostem poziomu rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego, jest tylko jednym z symptomów przemian zachodzących w gospodarce. Znacznie istotniejsze są zmiany w strukturze samego sektora usług. Ze względu na dużą heterogeniczność tego sektora, dopiero analiza przekształceń w odniesieniu do poszczególnych rodzajów usług daje pełen obraz przemian i znaczenia trzeciego sektora w gospodarce.

Głównym celem artykułu jest identyfikacja zmian zachodzących w strukturze sektora usług krajów UE z wykorzystaniem metody przesunięć udziałów. Analiza została przeprowadzona w układzie sekcji NACE (PKD) w latach 2010–2020 dla liczby podmiotów gospodarczych oraz liczby zatrudnionych w układzie terytorialnym na poziomie NUTS2. Analiza prowadzi do wniosku, że następuje spadek znaczenia tradycyjnych usług zaliczanych do sekcji G oraz rozwój usług profesjonalnych, naukowych i technicznych (sekcja M), a także wzrost znaczenia usług związanych z sektorem ICT (sekcja J). Polskie regiony nie odstają od ogólnoeuropejskiego wzorca zmian, a niektóre z nich należały do jednostek z najdynamiczniej rozwijającymi się sekcjami badanych usług w Europie.
Identyfikacja relacji budujących lokalny kapitał terytorialny w kontekście adaptacji do zmian klimatu w Metropolii Poznań – doświadczenia projektu TeRRIFICA
Authors: Herodowicz Tomasz , Kaczmarek Patryk , Morawska Joanna
Published: October 2023

Zmiany klimatu są problemem globalnym, który wymaga podejmowania działań adaptacyjnych na poziomie lokalnym, dostosowanych do uwarunkowań i potrzeb danego obszaru. Przygotowując działania adaptacyjne, można skutecznie wykorzystywać kapitał terytorialny regionu, który w dużej mierze tworzą relacje pomiędzy kluczowymi aktorami pięcioelementowej helisy regionalnego środowiska innowacji. Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia wyniki studium przypadku, którego przedmiotem była Metropolia Poznań stanowiąca jeden z regionów pilotażowych, w których realizowano w okresie 2019–2022 międzynarodowy projekt TeRRIFICA (Territorial RRI Fostering Innovative Climate Actions). Jego celem było wspieranie odpowiedzialnych badań i innowacji (RRI) na rzecz wzmocnienia działań związanych ze zmianami klimatu, zwłaszcza poprzez zaangażowanie różnego rodzaju przedstawicieli lokalnej społeczności reprezentujących mieszkańców, naukę, władze lokalne, organizacje pozarządowe i przedsiębiorstwa. Pozwoliło to wskazać główne kategorie relacji, które budują lokalny kapitał terytorialny na rzecz adaptacji do zmian klimatu. Istotnym wątkiem poruszonym w artykule było również znaczenie uspołecznienia odpowiedzialnych badań i innowacji oraz procesu adaptacji do zmian klimatu przy wykorzystaniu innowacji społecznych.
Long Memory, Time Trends, and the Degree of Persistence in Water Temperatures of Five European Rivers and Lakes
Authors:   University of Navarra, and Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Gil-Alana Luis A. , González-Blanch María Jesús ,   Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Lafuente Carmen ,   Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Nõges Tiina ,   Estonian University of Life Sciences, Pulkkanen Merja ,   Finnish Environment Institute SYKE
Published: October 2023

This paper uses long memory and fractional integration techniques to analyze the presence of time trends in the water temperatures of three large European rivers (the Rhine at Lobith, the Danube at Wienna, the Meuse at Eijsden) and two lakes (Saimaa in Finland, and Võrtsjärv in Estonia). Long memory is a feature frequently observed in hydrological data, and it is important to consider it to appropriately estimate the potential trends in the data. The results indicate the existence of significant positive trends in all the five series examined, possibly as a consequence of global warming. Interestingly, once the time trends are taken into consideration, the degree of persistence substantially decreases in all cases and the long memory property in the data disappears.
Effect of truck and train loading on permanent deformation and fatigue cracking behavior of asphalt concrete in flexible pavement highway and asphaltic overlayment track
Authors: Setiawan Dian M.
Published: October 2023

This research investigated the largest magnitude of displacement and horizontal tensile strain in several critical locations within the asphalt concrete (AC) layer in both the flexible pavement highway (FPH) and asphaltic overlayment track (AOT) structure using the numerical modeling method. The role of the hauling loads, speed, and loading cycles of freight truck’s dumps and freight train’s wagons on the mechanical behavior of FPH and AOT in terms of the permanent deformation and fatigue cracking was examined. Furthermore, the performance of the FPH and AOT in terms of permanent deformation and fatigue cracking characteristics due to various magnitudes of hauling loads, speed, and loading cycles of freight truck’s dumps and freight train’s wagons was compared to determine the optimum infrastructure for the freight coal transportation, based on the hauling capacity as well as the magnitude of permanent deformation and the horizontal tensile strain of the AC layer. According to the findings of this study, it is suggested to choose the AOT structure with fourth or sixth loading systems to run the freight coal transportation with the highest magnitude of the hauling capacity of 360,000 tons, since it produces the minimum magnitude of the permanent deformation and fatigue cracking of the AC layer. Future research should be conducted to examine the potential and the characteristics of fatigue cracking due to the contact between the edge of the sleeper and the surface of the AC layer in AOT.
Line coding performance integrated with measured multimode index fibers and high speed spatial single mode laser sources
Authors: Prabu Ramachandran Thandaiah , Kumar Chandran Ramesh , Shibu Soman , Gopinathan Charulatha , Xavier Benisha Maria , Ahammad Shaik Hasane , Ahmed Aisha Abd Rahman
Published: October 2023

This study demonstrates the line coding performance integrated with measured multimode index fibers and high speed spatial single mode laser sources. The line coding that are used are pulse amplitude modulation and non return to zero coding. Optimum lighted power form with the spectral base band form wavelength based on NRZ line coding is clarified. Optimum lighted form band power with the spectral base band form wavelength based on the PAM line coding is studied. The max lighted base power base band form variations with the time durations in the presence of NRZ line coding is simulated. Optimum lighted band form power with the time durations based on both PAM and NRZ line coding. Max electrical base band power form amplitude variations with time durations based on the NRZ line coding is clarified.
Cyberpunk,steampunk, and all thatpunk: genre names and their uses across communities
Authors: Ursini Francesco-Alessio , Samo Giuseppe
Published: October 2023

The goal of this paper is to offer an analysis ofcyberpunk,steampunk, and other genre names related via thepunkelement. We study the emergence and popularity of these names among science fiction fans and scholars, comparing them with “mainstream” appreciators. We carry out a corpus study that analyses data extracted from textual corpora in four languages (English, German, French, and Italian) and encyclopedias (fandom communities, e.g., Aesthetics Wiki). We show that the proliferation ofpunkgenre names tends to be closely related to science fiction and other (fan-)fiction communities, who display an emotive and intellectual investment inpunksubgenres. We propose an analysis via a frame-theoretical model that shows howcyberpunkand related genre names can describe the core narrative themes of each subgenre. We then propose thatpunkgenre names form sets of near-synonym words via their ability to describe fictional narratives featuring anti-authoritarian protagonists across different world settings and technologies. We conclude by discussing the consequences of our account for possible theories of genres, genre names, and linguistic studies focusing on science fiction and other fictional genres.
Superhydrophobic bilayer coating for passive daytime radiative cooling
Authors: Zhao Bin , Xu Chengfeng , Jin Cheng , Lu Kegui , Chen Ken , Li Xiansheng , Li Lanxin , Pei Gang
Published: October 2023

Passive radiative cooling is an energy-free cooling method by exchanging thermal radiation with the cold universe through the transparent atmospheric window. Spectrum tailoring of the radiative cooler is the key to daytime radiative cooling in previously reported works. In addition, radiative coolers with large-scale fabrication and self-cleaning characteristics should be further developed to improve their industrial applicability. Herein, we propose a bilayer radiative cooling coating with the superhydrophobic property and a scalable process, by covering TiO2/acrylic resin paint with a silica/poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (SiO2/P(VdF-HFP)) composite masking layer. The strong Mie scattering in TiO2/acrylic resin paint contributes to high solar reflection, while the SiO2/P(VdF-HFP) masking layer is responsible for superhydrophobicity and synergetic solar reflection in the ultraviolet band, resulting in an effective solar reflectivity of 94.0 % with an average emissivity of 97.1 % and superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 158.9°. Moreover, the as-fabricated coating can be cooled to nearly 5.8 °C below the temperature of commercial white paint and 2.7 °C below the local ambient temperature under average solar irradiance of over 700 W m−2. In addition, yearly energy saving of 29.0 %–55.9 % can be achieved after the coating is applied to buildings in Phoenix, Hong Kong, Singapore, Guangzhou, and Riyadh.