bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revocation, Withdrawal and Related Disputes in Deemed Authorization or Permission
Authors:   Korean Administrative Law Association, LEE IL-SE
Published: October 2023

The term “deemed authorization or permission” means that a person who has obtained a primary authorization or permission shall be deemed to have obtained various other relevant authorization or permission related thereto, as prescribed by statutes(General Act On Public Administration §24 ①).
For deemed authorization or permission, the primary authorization or permission and the deemed authorization or permission are closely related and affects each other. In this regard, the effect of deemed authorization or permission is questionable in case the primary authorization or permission is revoked or withdrawn, and vice versa. The General Act On Public Administration enacted in 2021 has 3 articles regarding the deemed authorization or permission, which is standards for deemed authorization or permission(§24), effect of deemed authorization or permission(§25), and follow-up management of deemed authorization or permission(§27). However, it does not regulate on revocation or withdrawal of deemed authorization or permission so there has been constant confusion regarding this topic.
This paper reviews the theories and precedents, and presents my personal opinion on the following points: Firstly, I reviewed the general theories of the deemed authorization or permission, such as its object, the difference with the concentration effect, the types of the deemed authorization or permission and the reality of the deemed authorization or permission.
Secondly, I studied the effect of the deemed authorization or permission when the primary authorization or permission is revoked or withdrawn.
Thirdly, I studied if the administrative authority can directly revoke or withdraw the deemed authorization or permission when there are reasons for revocation or withdrawal.
Fourthly, I reviewed the administrative trial methods when there are disputes regarding the deemed authorization or permission. There are mainly two types of the disputes. One is the dispute raised by the applicant of the deemed authorization or permission, which is when the administrative authority denies the deemed authorization or permission or revokes/withdraws the deemed authorization or permission. The other case is when the third party raises the dispute, which is when the administrative authority does not revoke/withdraw the deemed authorization or permission even if there are reasons for revocation or withdrawal.
Ethnobotany of Medicinal Plants for Infectious Diseases in the Besemah Tribe, Lahat Regency, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia
Authors: Tanzerina Nina , Safitri Desti , Harmida Harmida , Aminasih Nita , Juswardi Juswardi
Published: October 2023

Knowledge about medicinal plants in the Besemah tribe community in Jarai District and Sukamerindu District, Lahat Regency, South Sumatra Province, has long been known and used for generations and stored as local wisdom of the community. The use of medicinal plants as one of the community's solutions to cure infectious diseases, with natural medicinal materials the side effects caused are relatively less. This study aims to inventory and identify the types of medicinal plants and types of medicinal plants typical of the Besemah tribe, how to process, how to use, and how to use specifically to treat infectious diseases in the Besemah tribe in Jarai District and Sukamerindu District, Lahat Regency, South Sumatra Province. This research will be conducted from January to March 2023. The study was conducted using quantitative descriptive methods by conducting interviews with 9 traditional medicine (battra) as sources of information. The results showed that plants used as medicine by the Besemah tribe community as many as 94 species of plants from 47 families to treat 29 infectious diseases. There are seven species of typical plants of the Besemah tribe, namely Tetap kadam (Hadgsonia macrocarpa (Blume) Cogn.), Tetungau (Debregeasia longifolia (Burm.f) Wedd), Memban burung (Donax canniformis (G.Forst) K.Schum), Temperingat (Rubus moluccanus L.), Tapal selembar (Monophyllaea horsfieldii R.Brown), Sedingin hutan (Fissistigma fulgens (Hook.f & Thomson) Merr.), Memaye (Leea indica (Burm.f.) Merr), and the typical way of processing is that the stem is cut, the water is collected and drunk directly. The most widely used plant part is the 38% leaf part. The most processing method is used by boiling 46% and the most use method by drinking 53%.
Atención odontológica en pacientes con cirrosis hepática, una praxis que necesita ser considerada
Authors: Hernández González Ingrid Viridiana , Martínez Castillo Moisés , Gutiérrez Reyes Gabriela , Hoz Rodríguez Lía Alioth
Published: October 2023

El ecosistema de la cavidad oral es abierto y dinámico con factores que condicionan su composición y que continuamente se expone a modificaciones que afectan las características intrínsecas del microbiota bucal dando lugar a la sustitución de los microorganismos; teniendo una relación directa e indirecta con tejidos y órganos distantes de manera bidireccional. A la fecha, el efecto sistémico, clínico y microbiológico de la cavidad oral y la enfermedad hepática crónica no ha sido del todo descrita. El objetivo de este artículo fue exponer la importancia del estado de salud hepático en pacientes de la consulta odontológica, con la finalidad de realizar los procedimientos y tratamientos odontológico-adecuados. Como estrategia metodológica se realizó un estudio descriptivo a partir de una búsqueda sistematizada del acervo bibliográfico disponible en MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, ISI web Knowledge, IME), sin restricción de fecha de publicación. Este análisis arrojó como resultado que la cirrosis hepática como condición sistémica, su efecto y correlación con la cavidad oral a nivel clínico y microbiológico es poco considerada durante la atención odontológica. Por lo cual, se concluyó que es fundamental realizar un cuestionamiento dirigido a los pacientes que acuden a atención odontológica respecto al estado de salud hepático con la intención de tener una buena praxis clínica de estos pacientes
Neuroplasticidad y su significación en la praxis directiva
Authors: Desiderio Yassir Verushka
Published: October 2023

La neurociencia brinda conocimientos valiosos para la gestión de organizaciones. Comprenderla es fundamental dada su contribución para adaptar la praxis a las circunstancias de los individuos que forman parte de estas organizaciones. Este artículo presenta un estudio sobre la importancia de la neuroplasticidad en la gestión educativa de la Universidad Nacional Experimental Simón Rodríguez Núcleo Coro, con el objetivo de interpretar los significados emergentes. El estudio se enmarcó en el paradigma cualitativo y utilizó el método fenomenológico hermenéutico basado en las contribuciones de Van Manen (2003). La técnica empleada fue la observación participante, en el marco del método investigativo FH y referencias teóricas como Bairot y Arana. Como resultado, se concluye que el ejercicio de la gestión educativa debe comprender la promoción de una estructura en la actividad neuronal que permita la neuroplasticidad, lo cual lleva a una nueva forma de dirigir las instituciones adaptadas al contexto con directivos que actúen como articuladores, generando propuestas y alternativas en una gestión sostenible y sustentable ante los desafíos presentes y futuros. Esto implica un desempeño que facilite abordar estos escenarios y, por ende, mejorar la labor profesional mediante los efectos que trae consigo la neuroplasticidad y la autorregulación de las emociones para tomar decisiones acertadas en la gestión directiva.
DIVERSIDAD DE HYPHOMYCETES ACUÁTICOS ASOCIADOS A ESPUMA EN EL RÍO DAIRA, DISTRITO DE JIRONDAI, REGIÓN ÑO KRIBO, COMARCA NGÄBE BUGLÉ
Authors: Montero Jurado Maryory Sthephany
Published: October 2023

La investigación tuvo como objetivo general: Determinar la presencia de hyphomycetes acuáticos en los tres sitios de muestreo (Comunidades de Venado, Daira Arriba y Guabal), en el río Daira, Distrito de Jirondai, Comarca Ngäbe Buglé e identificar hyphomycetes acuáticos mediante las claves taxonómica; Estableciendo las especies de hyphomycetes que prevalecen en los diversos puntos de muestreo; además medir la biodiversidad de hyphomycetes acuáticos mediante los índices de Shannon-Wiener, Simpson y Margalef entre los puntos de muestreo y toda el área de estudio. Se tomaron muestras semanales de espumas en las corrientes de agua, por un período de cuatro meses, en tres comunidades del distrito de Jirondai. La diversidad encontrada fue alta para la comunidad de Venada y Guabal y media para Daira Arriba, relacionándose presumiblemente con las alteraciones antropogénicas (Desechos de comida, detergentes producto del lavado de la ropa y los trastes y construcción del puente sobre el río), realizadas en el río Daira, Distrito de Jirondai, Región de Ño Kribo, Comarca Ngäbe Buglé.

Se identificaron 48 especies de hyphomycetes, distribuidos de la siguiente manera: 30 especies para el poblado de Venado, 12 en el poblado de Daira Arriba y 34 en el poblado de Guabal. El índice total de diversidad de Shannon Wiener fue de 2.977, de Margalef fue de 7.974 y el de Simpson de 0.9114. Los géneros Phalangispora constricta y Flagellospora curvula identificados en este estudio, son considerados indicadores de contaminación.
การสร้างจินตกรรมความเป็นพลเมืองของคาทอลิกในสังคมไทย
Authors: ตรียะประเสริฐ ชวลิต
Published: October 2023

งานชิ้นนี้วิเคราะห์กระบวนการสร้างจินตกรรมความเป็นพลเมืองของชาวคาทอลิก ภายใต้จินตกรรมของสังคมไทยที่นิยามว่า “ความเป็นพุทธคือความเป็นไทย” ซึ่งกลายเป็นปัญหาสำคัญที่ทำให้สังคมไทยมองว่าชาวคาทอลิกไม่ใช่คนไทย จากการวิจัยพบว่าในช่วงแรกของการก่อตัวในการสร้างความเป็นพลเมืองของชาวคาทอลิก แม้ชาวคาทอลิกจะได้ความเป็นพลเมืองไทยทางกฎหมายแล้ว แต่สังคมไทยก็ยังไม่ยอมรับในความเป็นพลเมืองไทยของชาวคาทอลิก โดยเฉพาะในสมัยจอมพล ป. พิบูลสงคราม ที่เกิดการเบียดเบียนศาสนาคริสต์อย่างรุนแรง แต่ภายหลังเมื่อเกิดการสังคายนาวาติกันครั้งที่ 2 ซึ่งเป็นจุดเปลี่ยนสำคัญที่ช่วยให้ชาวคาทอลิกไทยสามารถปรับตัวและสร้างจินตกรรมความเป็นพลเมืองไทยได้สำเร็จ ผ่านการลดความแปลกแยก (ความเป็นตะวันตก) และเพิ่ม “ความเป็นไทย” ให้กับศาสนาคริสต์ในประเทศไทย ทั้งจากการผสมผสานศิลปวัฒนธรรมของศาสนาคริสต์ในแบบไทย การปรับตัวเรื่องภาษาในบทสวด การบวชบาทหลวงชาวไทย โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งการเข้าไปมีความสัมพันธ์ที่ดีกับสถาบันกษัตริย์
Muamalah
Authors: Badriya Hisniati Sally , Sihabudin S Atthariq , Fitriyani Dewi , Luthfi Muhammad , Ayu F Nabila
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbandingan belanja melalui online shop dan offline shop serta menganalisis preferensi konsumen dalam memilih salah satu metode belanja tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei konsumen dan pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner. Responden yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen yang aktif melakukan belanja baik melalui online shop maupun offline shop. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi preferensi konsumen, pengeluaran belanja, kenyamanan, keamanan, kualitas produk, dan kecepatan pengiriman.

Dari hasil tersebut, menunjukkan bahwa orang-orang merasa lebih sering belanja melalui online shop dikarenakan praktis, Mudah dan bisa dimana saja serta kapan saja. Studi ini memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang perilaku konsumen dalam memilih metode belanja dan dapat memberikan wawasan kepada pengecer dalam mengembangkan strategi penjualan yang efektif.

 

Kata Kunci : Online Shop, Offline Shop, Preferensi Konsumen
HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: Badriya Hisniati Sally , D Priyadi Muchamad , Herol  , Rivaldino  , Ulum Miftahul
Published: October 2023

ABSTRAK

Muamalah merupakan bagian dari hukum Islam yang mengatur hubungan antara dua pihak atau lebih, baik antara seorang pribadi dengan dengan peribadi lain, maupun antar badan hukum, seperti perseroan, firma, yayasan, negara, dan sebagainya. Dalam kehidupan sehari hari banyak permasalahan masyarakat yang menyangkut tentang tata cara dan hukum produk perbankan konvensional dan syariah. Masyarakat umum masih banyak yang memahami hukum syariah keuangan dan perbankan secara simpang siur dan multitafsir. Padahal dalam hukum tata negara republik Indonesia peraturan dan ketentuan perundang- Undangan telah mengatur perihal tersebut dengan sedemikian rupa. Ulama Fiqh Kontemporer juga telah memberikan gambaran jelas sesuai dengan studi kasus fiqh masa kini. Dengan adanya publikasi tentang literatur yang membahas persoalan tersebut diharapkan dapat menambah wawasan di kalangan masyarakat luas sehingga memiliki pemahaman dan paradigma sesuai ketentuan syariah Islam.

Kata Kunci : Fiqih Kontemporer, Perbankan, Hukum Perbankan.
PENGARUH STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PEMASARAN TERHADAP KUALITAS PRODUK DIMARKOPI BREWING AND KITCHEN BANDUNG
Authors: Saepul Ma’mun  , Aep Saefuddin  , Saefuloh Irfan , Ricke Shaniyah
Published: October 2023

Kualitas produk merupakan suatu kemampuan produk yang mampu memenuhi setiap kebutuhan konsumen sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan keinginan konsumen. Untuk meningkatkan kualitas produk dapat dipengaruhi oleh strategi komunikasi pemasaran, manajemen pemasaran, bauran pemasaran, strategi pemasaran. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif menggunakan metode penelitian dengan menggunakan angket. Populasi menggunakan random sampling berjumlah 40 orang untuk mengisi angket yang disebarkan pelanggan Markopi Brewing and Kitchen Bandung. Hasil penelitian pertama, variabel strategi komunikasi pemasaran (X) berdistribusi secara normal dengan kategori cukup. Kedua, hasil analisis deskriptif kualitas produk (Y) di Markopi Brewing and Kitchen Bandung berdistribusi secara normal dengan kategori baik. Ketiga, kolerasi product moment nilai r (koefisien) adalah 0,499 kategori cukup. Nilai R Square  model  regresi  diperoleh  adalah 0,249. Sedangkan variabel  independen  mampu  menjelaskan  variabel  dependen sebesar 24,9%, sedang  sisanya 75,1% (tidak diteliti). Hasil  analisis regresi diperoleh koefisien untuk variabel strategi komunikasi pemasaran pada kualitas produk sebesar 0,444 dengan konstanta sebesar 35,307 sehingga model persamaan regresi yang diperoleh Y = 35,307+0,444 X. Hasil uji hipotesis variabel X terhadap variabel Y menunjukkan nilai t-hitung  3,993 dan  r-tabel value  (Sig)  sebesar 0,000 yang di bawah alpha 5%. Artinya terdapat pengaruh yang positif antara strategi komunikasi pemasaran terhadap kualitas produk Markopi Brewing and Kitchen Bandung.
patrimonialismo é o problema brasileiro?
Authors: Souza Jessé
Published: October 2023

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Projeto IRIS – Informações e Relatórios de Interesse Social
Authors: Reis Mário Augusto de Toledo
Published: October 2023

A tecnologia da informação, por seu processo contínuo e acelerado de evolução, possibilita a redução do custo das informações, tornando-se, cada vez mais, uma ferramenta usual de transparência na gestão pública, fomentando uma maior divulgação e interação entre governo e sociedade. O visível amadurecimento da sociedade, principalmente com a criação da Lei de Acesso à Informação em 2011, que exigiu dos governos a publicidade de seus atos e o acesso mais rápido e eficiente aos serviços prestados pelo Estado, faz com que seja fundamental avaliar o nível e a qualidade das informações prestadas. É nesse contexto que a experiência vivida pelo Tribunal de Contas do Município de São Paulo através de seu projeto denominado IRIS – Informações e Relatórios de Interesse Social, cujo principal objetivo é o fomento à transparência e à participação da sociedade na gestão do bem público com o uso da tecnologia da informação, se mostra particularmente importante.
Motivasi Berhias dan Kaitannya dengan Kepercayaan Diri Remaja Putri di Teratak Baru Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Astuti Puji , Nasril  , Zakirman
Published: October 2023

Kajian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya fenomena atau permasalahan penting yang perlu diteliti, khususnya permasalahan remaja putri yang mendandani diri di Teratak Baru. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan yang bertujuan untuk menyelidiki alasan biogenetik, sosiogenetik, dan teogenetik remaja putri di Teratak Baru berhias diri. Tujuh remaja putri dengan kriteria berusia antara 19 hingga 21 tahun, metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa remaja putri menghias dirinya untuk menyenangkan dan memuaskan dirinya, untuk menarik perhatian masyarakat, dan untuk beribadah kepada Allah SWT. Namun dari tujuh remaja putri tersebut sebagian masih kurang percaya diri meskipun telah berhias karena faktor fisik seperti jerawat dan badan gemuk, serta mereka juga kurang memahami tentang apa saja yang diperbolehkan berhias dalam Islam.
När kulturarvet fick rädda balansräkningen. Striden om hockeymuseet i Örnsköldsvik
Authors: Berg John
Published: October 2023

This article examines the debate surrounding an ice hockey museum in Örnsköldsvik, Sweden. In 2013, the local ice hockey club, Modo Hockey, received a loan from Örnsköldsvik municipality to build an ice hockey museum in its home arena. The ice hockey museum was a part of a bigger heritage project that involved various sites in the area around Örnsköldsvik, with the intention of increasing the number of tourists and branding the region as an attractive destination. However, the museum was never built in its intended form. The financial resources were instead used to cover regular costs for the club. This led to a conflict between Modo Hockey, Örnsköldsvik municipality and parts of the civil society. Theoretically, this study is inspired by heritage theory, stating heritage as a social constructed collective memory, yet also something that can be used for marketing and commercial branding. Lastly, the article is positioned against previous research about sports heritage in general, revealing that the planned ice hockey museum in Örnsköldsvik could be seen as an example of the priority conflict between balancing the heritage and continuing to be a financially strong elite club.
Vaccination with mycobacterial lipid loaded nanoparticle leads to lipid antigen persistence and memory differentiation of antigen-specific T cells
Authors: Morgun Eva , Zhu Jennifer , Almunif Sultan , Bobbala Sharan , Aguilar Melissa S , Wang Junzhong , Conner Kathleen , Cui Yongyong , Cao Liang , Seshadri Chetan , Scott Evan A , Wang Chyung-Ru
Published: October 2023

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection elicits both protein and lipid antigen-specific T cell responses. However, the incorporation of lipid antigens into subunit vaccine strategies and formulations has been underexplored, and the characteristics of vaccine-induced Mtb lipid-specific memory T cells have remained elusive. Mycolic acid (MA), a major lipid component of the Mtb cell wall, is presented by human CD1b molecules to unconventional T cell subsets. These MA-specific CD1b-restricted T cells have been detected in the blood and disease sites of Mtb-infected individuals, suggesting that MA is a promising lipid antigen for incorporation into multicomponent subunit vaccines. In this study, we utilized the enhanced stability of bicontinuous nanospheres (BCN) to efficiently encapsulate MA for in vivo delivery to MA-specific T cells, both alone and in combination with an immunodominant Mtb protein antigen (Ag85B). Pulmonary administration of MA-loaded BCN (MA-BCN) elicited MA-specific T cell responses in humanized CD1 transgenic mice. Simultaneous delivery of MA and Ag85B within BCN activated both MA- and Ag85B-specific T cells. Notably, pulmonary vaccination with MA-Ag85B-BCN resulted in the persistence of MA, but not Ag85B, within alveolar macrophages in the lung. Vaccination of MA-BCN through intravenous or subcutaneous route, or with attenuated Mtb likewise reproduced MA persistence. Moreover, MA-specific T cells in MA-BCN-vaccinated mice differentiated into a T follicular helper-like phenotype. Overall, the BCN platform allows for the dual encapsulation and in vivo activation of lipid and protein antigen-specific T cells and leads to persistent lipid depots that could offer long-lasting immune responses.
Noncanonical usage of stop codons in ciliates expands proteins with structurally flexible Q-rich motifs
Authors: Chuang Chi-Ning , Liu Hou-Cheng , Woo Tai-Ting , Chao Ju-Lan , Chen Chiung-Ya , Hu Hisao-Tang , Hsueh Yi-Ping , Wang Ting-Fang
Published: October 2023

Serine(S)/threonine(T)-glutamine(Q) cluster domains (SCDs), polyglutamine (polyQ) tracts and polyglutamine/asparagine (polyQ/N) tracts are Q-rich motifs found in many proteins. SCDs often are intrinsically disordered regions that mediate protein phosphorylation and protein-protein interactions. PolyQ and polyQ/N tracts are structurally flexible sequences that trigger protein aggregation. We report that due to their high percentages of STQ or STQN amino acid content, four SCDs and three prion-causing Q/N-rich motifs of yeast proteins possess autonomous protein expression-enhancing activities. Since these Q-rich motifs can endow proteins with structural and functional plasticity, we suggest that they represent useful toolkits for evolutionary novelty. Comparative Gene Ontology (GO) analyses of the near-complete proteomes of 26 representative model eukaryotes reveal that Q-rich motifs prevail in proteins involved in specialized biological processes, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae RNA-mediated transposition and pseudohyphal growth, Candida albicans filamentous growth, ciliate peptidyl-glutamic acid modification and microtubule-based movement, Tetrahymena thermophila xylan catabolism and meiosis, Dictyostelium discoideum development and sexual cycles, Plasmodium falciparum infection, and the nervous systems of Drosophila melanogaster, Mus musculus and Homo sapiens. We also show that Q-rich-motif proteins are expanded massively in 10 ciliates with reassigned TAAQ and TAGQ codons. Notably, the usage frequency of CAGQ is much lower in ciliates with reassigned TAAQ and TAGQ codons than in organisms with expanded and unstable Q runs (e.g. D. melanogaster and H. sapiens), indicating that the use of noncanonical stop codons in ciliates may have coevolved with codon usage biases to avoid triplet repeat disorders mediated by CAG/GTC replication slippage.
Noncanonical usage of stop codons in ciliates expands proteins with structurally flexible Q-rich motifs
Authors: Chuang Chi-Ning , Liu Hou-Cheng , Woo Tai-Ting , Chao Ju-Lan , Chen Chiung-Ya , Hu Hisao-Tang , Hsueh Yi-Ping , Wang Ting-Fang
Published: October 2023

Serine(S)/threonine(T)-glutamine(Q) cluster domains (SCDs), polyglutamine (polyQ) tracts and polyglutamine/asparagine (polyQ/N) tracts are Q-rich motifs found in many proteins. SCDs often are intrinsically disordered regions that mediate protein phosphorylation and protein-protein interactions. PolyQ and polyQ/N tracts are structurally flexible sequences that trigger protein aggregation. We show that four SCDs and three prion-causing Q/N-rich motifs of yeast proteins possess autonomous protein expression-enhancing activities. Comparative Gene Ontology (GO) analyses of the near-complete proteomes of 27 representative model eukaryotes reveal that Q-rich motifs prevail in proteins involved in specialized biological processes, including
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
RNA-mediated transposition,
Candida albicans
filamentous growth, ciliate peptidyl-glutamic acid modification,
Tetrahymena thermophila
xylan catabolism and meiosis,
Dictyostelium discoideum
development and sexual cycles,
Plasmodium falciparum
infection, and the
Drosophila melanogaster
nervous system. We also show that Q-rich motifs are expanded massively in ten ciliates with reassigned TAA
Q
and TAG
Q
codons. Our results provide new insights to explain why many ciliates reassign their nuclear stop codons into glutamine (Q). The consequence of this preponderance of Q is massive expansion of proteins harboring three structurally flexible or even intrinsically disordered Q-rich motifs. Since these Q-rich motifs can endow proteins with structural and functional plasticity, we suggest that they represent useful toolkits for evolutionary novelty.
Sigh Ventilation in Patients With Trauma
Authors: Albert Richard K. , Jurkovich Gregory J. , Connett John , Helgeson Erika S. , Keniston Angela , Voelker Helen , Lindberg Sarah , Proper Jennifer L. , Bochicchio Grant , Stein Deborah M. , Cain Christian , Tesoriero Ron , Brown Carlos V. R. , Davis James , Napolitano Lena , Carver Thomas , Cipolle Mark , Cardenas Luis , Minei Joseph , Nirula Raminder , Doucet Jay , Miller Preston R. , Johnson Jeffrey , Inaba Kenji , Kao Lillian
Published: October 2023

Importance

Among patients receiving mechanical ventilation, tidal volumes with each breath are often constant or similar. This may lead to ventilator-induced lung injury by altering or depleting surfactant. The role of sigh breaths in reducing ventilator-induced lung injury among trauma patients at risk of poor outcomes is unknown.

Objective

To determine whether adding sigh breaths improves clinical outcomes.

Design, Setting, and Participants

A pragmatic, randomized trial of sigh breaths plus usual care conducted from 2016 to 2022 with 28-day follow-up in 15 academic trauma centers in the US. Inclusion criteria were age older than 18 years, mechanical ventilation because of trauma for less than 24 hours, 1 or more of 5 risk factors for developing acute respiratory distress syndrome, expected duration of ventilation longer than 24 hours, and predicted survival longer than 48 hours.

Interventions

Sigh volumes producing plateau pressures of 35 cm H2O (or 40 cm H2O for inpatients with body mass indexes >35) delivered once every 6 minutes. Usual care was defined as the patient’s physician(s) treating the patient as they wished.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was ventilator-free days. Prespecified secondary outcomes included all-cause 28-day mortality.

Results

Of 5753 patients screened, 524 were enrolled (mean [SD] age, 43.9 [19.2] years; 394 [75.2%] were male). The median ventilator-free days was 18.4 (IQR, 7.0-25.2) in patients randomized to sighs and 16.1 (IQR, 1.1-24.4) in those receiving usual care alone (P = .08). The unadjusted mean difference in ventilator-free days between groups was 1.9 days (95% CI, 0.1 to 3.6) and the prespecified adjusted mean difference was 1.4 days (95% CI, −0.2 to 3.0). For the prespecified secondary outcome, patients randomized to sighs had 28-day mortality of 11.6% (30/259) vs 17.6% (46/261) in those receiving usual care (P = .05). No differences were observed in nonfatal adverse events comparing patients with sighs (80/259 [30.9%]) vs those without (80/261 [30.7%]).

Conclusions and Relevance

In a pragmatic, randomized trial among trauma patients receiving mechanical ventilation with risk factors for developing acute respiratory distress syndrome, the addition of sigh breaths did not significantly increase ventilator-free days. Prespecified secondary outcome data suggest that sighs are well-tolerated and may improve clinical outcomes.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02582957
Safety and Effectiveness of Oral Nutraceuticals for Treating Acne
Authors: Shields Ali , Ly Sophia , Wafae Bruna , Chang Yu-Feng , Manjaly Priya , Archila Marjorie , Heinrich Christina , Drake Lara , Mostaghimi Arash , Barbieri John S.
Published: October 2023

Importance

Patients with acne are interested in nutraceuticals as a potential treatment option. However, there is uncertainty regarding the efficacy and safety of these products.

Objective

To evaluate the evidence for oral nutraceuticals in the treatment of acne.

Evidence Review

The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception through January 30, 2023, to identify randomized clinical trials evaluating oral nutraceutical interventions (ie, vitamins and minerals, botanical extracts, prebiotics, and probiotics) in individuals with acne. Clinician-reported outcomes (eg, investigator global assessment, lesion counts), patient-reported outcomes (eg, quality of life), and adverse events were extracted from the included studies. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias checklist tool for randomized clinical trials. Based on the Risk of Bias tool, articles were converted to Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality standards of good, fair, or poor quality.

Findings

A total of 2582 abstracts were identified in the database search, 42 of which met inclusion criteria (a total of 3346 participants). Studies of fair or good quality showed the potential benefit of vitamins B5 and D, botanical extracts (green tea), probiotics, and ω-3 fatty acids in the treatment of acne. These interventions were most frequently associated with decreased lesion counts or improved investigator global assessment scores. Adverse effects were rare for most of the therapies evaluated, but gastrointestinal tract adverse effects were reported for zinc therapy.

Conclusions and Relevance

This systematic review suggests a possible role for nutraceutical supplements in the treatment of acne. Physicians should be prepared to discuss the evidence regarding the potential role of nutraceuticals with patients. Many studies were of small size, and future research should focus on larger randomized clinical trials to assess the utility of nutraceuticals in the treatment of acne.
Choosing Between Ketamine and Electroconvulsive Therapy for Outpatients With Treatment-Resistant Depression—Advantage Ketamine?
Authors: Mathew Sanjay J. , Jha Manish K. , Anand Amit
Published: October 2023

This Viewpoint examines key issues stemming from several recent reports of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) vs ketamine for improving depressive symptoms in treatment-resistant depression (TRD).
Co‐transcriptional assembly mechanisms of protein‐RNA complexes
Authors: Qureshi Nusrat S. , Duss Olivier
Published: October 2023

This graphical review provides a mechanistic overview of different molecular processes that are tightly coupled and cooperate to achieve efficient and spatial‐temporally regulated co‐transcriptional protein‐RNA complex assembly, including co‐transcriptional RNA folding, processing, modification and the assembly in context of biomolecular condensates.
Modulation of Charge Redistribution in Heterogeneous NiO‐Ni3Se4 Nanosheet Arrays for Advanced Water Electrolysis
Authors: Yan Liang , Liang Jiayu , Song Dan , Li Xinyi , Li Hao
Published: October 2023

Developing highly effective electrocatalysts capable of bifunctionally facilitating hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is paramount for advancing water electrolysis. Herein, the authors report heterogeneous NiO‐Ni3Se4 nanosheet arrays grown on Ti3C2Tx MXene (NiO‐Ni3Se4/MXene) with asymmetrical charge distribution as bifunctional electrocatalysts to enhance the electrocatalytic performance for overall water splitting. Impressively, the meticulously engineered NiO‐Ni3Se4/MXene exhibits remarkable catalytic activities for the HER and the OER with low overpotentials of 50 mV and 260 mV at 10 mA cm−2, respectively. Moreover, the electrolyzer equipped with NiO‐Ni3Se4/MXene as both the cathode and anode demonstrates outstanding performance, reaching 10 mA cm−2 at a low cell voltage of 1.54 V and maintaining exceptional long‐term durability for over 50 h. The combination of theoretical calculations and experiments unveils the charge transfer induced at heterointerfaces in the NiO‐Ni3Se4 heterogeneous, leading to asymmetrical charge distributions, which modulate the adsorption/desorption of the reaction intermediates and enhance the reaction kinetics. This study presents a promising approach for rationalizing heterogeneous electrocatalysts with exceptional performance.
An Ultra‐High Transparent Electrode via a Unique Micro‐Patterned AgNWs Crossing‐Network with 3.9% Coverage: Toward Highly‐Transparent Flexible QLEDs
Authors: Zhang Kejie , Meng Lili , Zhang Min , Li Yan , Jiang Lei , Liu Huan
Published: October 2023

Micro‐patterning silver nanowires (AgNWs) via solution processes is vital in making high‐performance transparent flexible electrodes (TFE) that have been widely used in optoelectronic devices. However, it has suffered from the limitation of a trade‐off relationship between the coverage and the arrangement of AgNWs, which determine the transparency and the conductivity, respectively. Here, unique AgNWs micro‐patterns, featuring as the crossing‐grid of high‐resolution and highly‐aligned AgNWs micro‐lines, which enable the micro‐pattern highly cross‐aligned with a limited 3.9% coverage, are developed. Consequently, a TFE with an ultra‐high transmittance over 98.5% and a sheet resistance of 25.5 Ω sq−1 is developed. Guided by the unit of triple conical fibers, AgNWs are controllable transferred onto the target area, leaving a line with a width‐resolution up to 2 µm. Simultaneously, AgNWs are aligned under the synergistic effect of both the solution‐shearing and the tri‐phase contact line confinement. Using the as‐developed TFE as either the top or the bottom electrode, a transparent quantum dot light‐emitting diode (T‐QLED) with a transmittance of 89.8%, as well as a flexible T‐QLED with a transmittance of 92.8% are demonstrated, much higher than those of T‐QLEDs reported. It is envisioned that the result would inspire the fabrication of high‐performance transparent optoelectronic devices.
Nanoengineering Liquid Metal Core–Shell Nanostructures
Authors: Lu Hongda , Tang Shi‐Yang , Zhu Jiayuan , Huang Xumin , Forgham Helen , Li Xiangke , Shen Ao , Yun Guolin , Hu Jinming , Zhang Shiwu , Davis Thomas P. , Li Weihua , Qiao Ruirui
Published: October 2023

Nanoengineering the composition and morphology of functional nanoparticles endows them to perform multiple tasks and functions. An intriguing strategy for creating multifunctional nanomaterials involves the construction of core–shell nanostructures, which have enabled promising applications in biomedicine, energy, sensing, and catalysis. Here, a straightforward nanoengineering approach is presented utilizing liquid metal nanoparticles and galvanic replacement to create diverse core–shell nanostructures. Controlled nanostructures including liquid metal core‐gold nanoparticle shell (LM@Au), gold nanoparticle core‐gallium oxide shell (Au@Ga oxide), and hollow Ga oxide nanoparticles are successfully fabricated. Remarkably, these investigations reveal that LM@Au exhibits exceptional photothermal performance, achieving an impressive conversion efficiency of 65.9%, which is five times that of gold nanoparticles. By leveraging the high photothermal conversion efficiency and excellent biocompatibility of LM@Au, its promising application in hyperthermia cancer therapy is demonstrated. This simple yet powerful nanoengineering strategy opens new avenues for the controlled synthesis of complex core–shell nanostructures, advancing various fields beyond biomedicine.
Heterointerface Design of Perovskite Single Crystals for High‐Performance X‐Ray Imaging
Authors: Zhang Xiaojie , Chu Depeng , Jia Binxia , Zhao Zeqin , Pi Jiacheng , Yang Zhou , Li Yaohui , Hao Jinglu , Shi Ruixin , Dong Xiaofeng , Liang Yuqian , Feng Jiangshan , Najar Adel , Liu Yucheng , Liu Shengzhong (Frank)
Published: October 2023

Metal halide perovskite single crystals (MHP‐SCs) are known for their facile fabrication into large sizes using inexpensive solution methods. Owing to their combination of large mobility‐lifetime products and strong X‐ray absorption, they are considered promising materials for efficient X‐ray detection. However, they suffer from large dark currents and severe ion migration, which limit their sensitivity and stability in critical X‐ray detection applications. Herein, a heterointerface design is proposed to reduce both the dark current and ion migration by forming a heterojunction. In addition, the carrier transport performance is significantly improved using heterointerface engineering by designing a gradient band structure in the SCs. The SC heterojunction detectors exhibit a high sensitivity of 3.98 × 105 µC Gyair−1 cm−2 with a low detection limit of 12.2 nGyair s−1 and a high spatial resolution of 10.2 lp mm−1 during imaging. These values are among the highest reported for state‐of‐the‐art MHP X‐ray detectors. Moreover, the detectors show excellent stability under continuous X‐ray irradiation and maintainclear X‐ray imaging after 240 d. This study provides novel insights into the design and fabrication of X‐ray detectors with high detection efficiency and stability, which are beneficial for developing inexpensive, high‐resolution X‐ray imaging equipment.
Advanced Composite for sp3‐Carbon‐Based Gas Sensing Application from Gold Organometallic Single Nanolayering on Diamondoids
Authors: Bouzid Moad , Poinsot Didier , Mboyi Clève. D. , Krystianiak Anna , Herbst Frédéric , Heintz Olivier , Domenichini Bruno , Bouvet Marcel , Hierso Jean‐Cyrille
Published: October 2023

The assembly of hybrid materials combining a pure sp3‐C platform from nano‐and microcrystals of molecularly‐defined nanometer‐sized functionalized diamondoids (nanodiamonds) coated with a gold transition metal nanolayer is conducted from the gas phase, following a two‐steps vapor phase dry construction process. By using first the controlled vapor phase self‐assembly of primary phosphine diamantane derivatives, followed by a chemical vapor decomposition of a suited gold organometallic complex the synthesis of the nanocomposite Au@H2P–DiamOH 2 is achieved. The gold deposit surface analysis reveals the formation of a Au–P covalent bonding, which excludes the formation of phosphine oxide, as confirmed at higher depth into the nanocomposite by Hard X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy analysis (HaXPES). The thickness d of the gold layers deposited onto the surface of diamondoids is estimated to be around d = 0.8 ± 10% nm from XPS data, which allows combining the composite Au@H2P–DiamOH 2 with ITO interdigitated electrodes, to produce a long‐life, highly stable and reproducible, n‐type behavior sensor for ammonia detection. A relative response (RR) of 150% at 30 ppm and a limit of detection of 6 ppm are measured at room temperature (20 to 25 °C) and at 45% of relative humidity.
CO2 Adsorption Behavior of Nanosized CHA Zeolites Synthesized in the Presence of Barium or Calcium Cations
Authors: Magisson Aymeric , Clatworthy Edwin B. , Ghojavand Sajjad , Bazin Philippe , Ruaux Valérie , Dib Eddy , Mintova Svetlana
Published: October 2023

Alkaline‐earth metal cations impact the rate of crystallization and the adsorption of N2 and CO2 on nanosized chabazite zeolites. In this study, either calcium or barium is added to precursor mixtures containing alkali‐metal cations (Na+, K+, Cs+) to prepare chabazite (labeled Ca‐CHA and Ba‐CHA), and are compared to a reference sample (Ref‐CHA) synthesized using exclusively Na+, K+, and Cs+. Partial substitution of the Na+ and the pore‐blocking Cs+ extra‐framework cations is observed for Ca‐CHA depending on the molar ratio of K2O used in the synthesis, while a change to the amount of Na+ cations only is observed for Ba‐CHA. The type of alkaline‐earth metal cation affects the crystallization rate; slower in the presence of Ca2+ (10 h to full crystallinity) and similar rates in the presence of Ba2+ (4 h to full crystallinity); the crystallite size and morphology remained similar. The presence of Ca2+ or Ba2+ extra‐framework cations leads to N2 uptake values of 290 and 169 mmol g−1 (−196 °C, 100 kPa), respectively, while at low CO2 pressure (<1 kPa, 25 °C), the physisorbed CO2 capacity for Ref‐CHA, Ca‐CHA, and Ba‐CHA zeolites is 0.63, 0.66, and 0.59 mmol g−1, respectively. Interestingly, an opposite effect is observed for the amount of chemisorbed CO2 species.
Tumor Environment Regression Therapy Implemented by Switchable Prune‐to‐Essence Nanoplatform Unleashed Systemic Immune Responses
Authors: Huang Xianzhou , Li Lu , Ou Chunqing , Shen Meiling , Li Xinchao , Zhang Miaomiao , Wu Rui , Kou Xiaorong , Gao Ling , Liu Furong , Luo Rui , Wu Qinjie , Gong Changyang
Published: October 2023

Coevolution of tumor cells and surrounding stroma results in protective protumoral environment, in which abundant vessel, stiff structure and immunosuppression promote each other, cooperatively incurring deterioration and treatment compromise. Reversing suchenvironment may transform tumors from treatment‐resistant to treatment‐vulnerable. However, effective reversion requires synergistic comprehensive regression of such environment under precise control. Here, the first attempt to collaboratively retrograde coevolutionary tumor environment to pre‐oncogenesis status, defined as tumor environment regression therapy, is made for vigorous immune response eruption by a switchable prune‐to‐essence nanoplatform (Pres) with simplified composition and fabrication process. Through magnetic targeting and multimodal imaging of Pres, tumor environment regression therapy is guided, optimized and accomplished in a trinity way: Antiangiogenesis is executed to rarefy vessels to impede tumor progression. By seizing the time, cancer associated fibroblasts are eliminated to diminish collagen and loosen the stiff structure for deep penetration of Pres, which alternately functioned in deeper tumors, forming a positive feedback loop. Through this loop, immune cell infiltration, immunosuppression mitigation and immunogenic cells death induction are all fulfilled and further escalated in the regressed environment. These transformations consequently unleashed systemic immune responses and generated immune memory against carcinoma. This study provides new insights intotreatment of solid tumors.
Water‐Assisted Programmable Assembly of Flexible and Self‐Standing Janus Membranes
Authors: Yi Qun , Qiu Mingyue , Sun Xiaoyu , Wu Haonan , Huang Yi , Xu Hongxue , Wang Tielin , Nimmo William , Tang Tian , Shi Lijuan , Zeng Hongbo
Published: October 2023

Janus membranes with asymmetric wettability have been considered cutting‐edge for energy/environmental‐sustainable applications like water/fog harvester, breathable skin, and smart sensor; however, technical challenges in fabrication and accurate regulation of asymmetric wettability limit their development. Herein, by using water‐assisted hydrogen‐bonded (H‐bonded) assembly of small molecules at water/oil interface, a facile strategy is proposed for one‐step fabrication of membranes with well‐regulable asymmetric wettability. Asymmetric orderly patterns, beneficial for mass transport based on abundant high‐permeability sites and large surface area, are constructed on opposite membrane surfaces. Upon tuning water‐assisted H‐bonding via H‐sites/configuration design and temperature/pH modulation, double‐hydrophobic, double‐hydrophilic, and hydrophobic‐hydrophilic membranes are facilely fabricated. The Janus membranes show smart vapor‐responsive curling and unidirectional water transport with promising flux of 1158±25 L m−2 h−1 under natural gravity and 31500±670 L·(m−2 h−1 bar−1) at negative pressure. This bottom‐up approach offers a feasible‐to‐scalable avenue to precise‐manipulation of Janus membranes for advanced applications, providing an effective pathway for developing tailor‐made self‐assembled nanomaterials.
Loan survival: Are Black farmers more likely to default?
Authors: Vekemans Marie‐Cécile , Short Gianna , Dodson Charles B. , Ahrendsen Bruce L.
Published: October 2023

This paper discusses differences in the likelihood of loan default between Black and other farmers who took out USDA direct operating loans from 2011 to 2020. By controlling for financial, demographic, and other factors using a Cox proportional hazards model, we found that Black farmers have a higher incidence of default than other farmers. We advanced the research on the relative loan performance of different racial/ethnic minority groups, revealing heterogeneity in the likelihood of default that indicates using a single grouping for all minorities obscures important differences. There could be multiple contributing factors to higher rates of default among Black borrowers that deserve future attention and study, though it is beyond the scope of this paper to identify a causal mechanism.
A detection model of cognitive impairment via the integrated gait and eye movement analysis from a large Chinese community cohort
Authors: Lin Jingyi , Xu Tianyan , Yang Xuan , Yang Qijie , Zhu Yuan , Wan Meidan , Xiao Xuewen , Zhang Sizhe , Ouyang Ziyu , Fan Xiangmin , Sun Wei , Yang Fan , Yuan Li , Bei Yuzhang , Wang Junling , Guo Jifeng , Tang Beisha , Shen Lu , Jiao Bin
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION

Whether the integration of eye‐tracking, gait, and corresponding dual‐task analysis can distinguish cognitive impairment (CI) patients from controls remains unclear.

METHODS

One thousand four hundred eighty‐one participants, including 724 CI and 757 controls, were enrolled in this study. Eye movement and gait, combined with dual‐task patterns, were measured. The LightGBM machine learning models were constructed.

RESULTS

A total of 105 gait and eye‐tracking features were extracted. Forty‐six parameters, including 32 gait and 14 eye‐tracking features, showed significant differences between two groups (P < 0.05). Of these, the Gait_3Back‐TurnTime and Dual‐task cost‐TurnTime patterns were significantly correlated with plasma phosphorylated tau 181 (p‐tau181) level. A model based on dual‐task gait, dual‐task smooth pursuit, prosaccade, and anti‐saccade achieved the best area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) of 0.987 for CI detection, while combined with p‐tau181, the model discriminated mild cognitive impairment from controls with an AUC of 0.824.

DISCUSSION

Combining dual‐task gait and dual‐task eye‐tracking analysis is feasible for the detection of CI.

Highlights

This is the first study to report the efficiency of integrated parameters of dual‐task gait and eye‐tracking for cognitive impairment (CI) detection in a large cohort.

We identified 46 gait and eye‐tracking features associated with CI, and two were correlated to plasma phosphorylated tau 181.

We constructed the model based on dual‐task gait, smooth pursuit, prosaccade, and anti‐saccade, achieving the best area under the curve of 0.987 for CI detection.