bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurial network management in Arctic territories: A methodology for designing network architecture and its implementation in Python
Authors:   Research Institute for Management Problems, Kemerovo, Russia, Meteleva Marina A.
Published: April 2024

This study aims to develop a methodology for designing entrepreneurial networks based on assessing the potentials of actors, which are social and economic groups participating in entrepreneurial relations localized in the territories of the Russian Arctic. The objective is to ensure the reasoned participation of actors in network alliances. Methodological approaches and results of assessing the entrepreneurial potential of actors were previously presented, with the author developing approaches that account for the regional features of Arctic processes and allow for broad interpretation. To achieve this, the potential of various actors, or stakeholders operating in Arctic territories, is evaluated. This involves the use of indicators to integrate data in order to detail entrepreneurial properties. Among the indicators are involvement in creating business infrastructure, the scale of activity, innovative endeavors, professionalism of public organizations, and the efficiency of government administration in fostering a favorable investment climate. Other indicators include population engagement in innovation-driven processes (the degree of integration of local and scientific knowledge achieved by establishing formal and informal institutions and programs for interaction between the population and scientific communities; the degree of development of public institutions as subjects of the transfer of innovative solutions between participants in the territorial innovation system, etc.), the degree of monopolization of the territory's economy, the presence of large venture investors, and the venture policy of corporations indicating the stage of territory development. The article's objective is to lay theoretical foundations and methodological provisions for designing the architecture of Arctic network alliances. The focus is on ensuring maximum entrepreneurial potential, considering Arctic processes and their rapid recombination amid swift changes in the business environment. As a result, the author proposes a methodological approach to identifying actors in entrepreneurial networks and connections that support relationships between central actors. This identification is based on the target function of maximizing and restructuring entrepreneurial potential in the Arctic, whose calculation is automated through the use of the Python programming language. The article introduces the author's version of software for generating management information for network brokers. All data for assessment and design can be obtained from official open sources, ensuring the speed of data collection and processing. Research plans involve developing provisions of a methodology focused on the meso-level of the Russian Arctic macroregion for territorial, production, and socio-economic systems with significant potential for forming relations in the innovation economy.
SOMOphilic alkyne vs radical-polar crossover approaches: The full story of the azido-alkynylation of alkenes
Authors: Borrel Julien , Waser Jerome
Published: April 2024

We report the detailed background for the discovery and development of the synthesis of homopropargylic azides by the azido-alkynylation of alkenes. Initially, a strategy involving SOMOphilic alkynes was adopted, but only resulted in a 29% yield of the desired product. By switching to a radical-polar crossover approach and after optimization, a high yield (72%) of the homopropargylic azide was reached. Full insights are given about the factors that were essential for the success of the optimization process.
Genome mining of labdane-related diterpenoids: Discovery of the two-enzyme pathway leading to (−)-sandaracopimaradiene in the fungus Arthrinium sacchari
Authors: Sato Fumito , Sonohara Terutaka , Fujiki Shunta , Sugawara Akihiro , Morishita Yohei , Ozaki Taro , Asai Teigo
Published: April 2024

Labdane-related diterpenoids (LRDs) in fungi are a pharmaceutically important, but underexplored family of natural products. In the biosynthesis of fungal LRDs, bifunctional terpene cyclases (TCs) consisting of αβγ domains are generally used to synthesize the polycyclic skeletones of LRDs. Herein, we conducted genome mining of LRDs in our fungal genome database and identified a unique pair of TCs, AsPS and AsCPS, in the fungus Arthrinium sacchari. AsPS consists of catalytically active α and inactive β domains, whereas AsCPS contains βγ domains and a truncated α domain. Heterologous expression in Aspergillus oryzae and biochemical characterization of recombinant proteins demonstrated that AsCPS synthesized copalyl diphosphate and that AsPS then converted it to (−)-sandaracopimaradiene. Since AsPS and AsCPS have distinct domain organizations from those of known fungal TCs and are likely generated through fusion or loss of catalytic domains, our findings provide insight into the evolution of TCs in fungi.
Revisión Bibliográfica Sistemática de la Investigación en Educación Multigrado
Authors: Leones Rodríguez Sandra Patricia , Bonilla Marquinez Olga Patricia
Published: April 2024

El artículo de investigación sobre revisión bibliográfica sistemática presenta tres panoramas de análisis: internacional, latinoamericano y nacional (Colombia). Este estudio permitió identificar tendencias investigativas a partir del núcleo teórico de "educación multigrado – ruralidad". Se destacó la necesidad de identificar las tensiones y los vacíos conceptuales, teóricos y metodológicos para recuperar, reconstruir y reflexionar sobre la educación y su relación con la empatía y las interacciones entre los estudiantes. El método empleado fue el Prisma, que orientó la gestión documental basada en evidencias y el conocimiento acumulado a partir de las categorías de interés investigativo. Para el registro y análisis de información se utilizó la ficha de resumen analítico especializado en educación (RAE), la cual se basó en tres preguntas orientadoras: ¿A qué se refiere la educación rural?, ¿Cuál es la preocupación del contexto rural que están abordando? y ¿Qué autores o teorías predominan en el texto? Se identificaron vacíos metodológicos en relación con las potencialidades de la educación rural multigrado y las interacciones empáticas entre los estudiantes, así como relaciones conceptuales entre las categorías. Se considera la empatía social como una respuesta afectiva-cognitiva por parte del individuo que observa las vivencias de otros compañeros de aula.
Las Dificultades de los Alumnos Durante la Resolución de Problemas Matemáticos
Authors: Mukul Aguilar Armin Fernando
Published: April 2024

La resolución de problemas matemáticos en la escuela primaria es considerada como un conocimiento esencial del currículum educativo escolar. En el presente estudio se describen las dificultades que presentan los niños durante la resolución de problemas matemáticos sustractivos, de igual manera se señala como aquellas dificultades son indispensables para el desarrollo del razonamiento lógico-matemático. La investigación se realizó bajo el enfoque cualitativo utilizando el método etnográfico educativo ya que permitió conocer, comprender e interpretar lo que sucedía en el campo de investigación. El objetivo de estudio fue conocer y comprender cuales son las dificultades que presentan los niños de tercero de primaria al resolver problemas sustractivos. En este trabajo se conceptualiza a las dificultades como aquellos obstáculos que impiden resolver un problema matemático, de igual manera el razonamiento es concebida como parte de un proceso que los niños deben recorrer para lograr concretar sus acciones y conceptos matemáticos para llegar al razonamiento lógico matemático. Las dificultades halladas durante la investigación fueron la transformación en lenguaje matemático el lenguaje cotidiano y la confusión en la aplicación del algoritmo de la resta.
The first experience in the treatment of small bowel biliary obstruction using tulium laser (Tm:YAG) in a patient with Bouveret syndrome
Authors: Bedin V. V. , Korzheva I. Yu. , Amirova V. V. , Amirov M. Z.
Published: April 2024

Cholelithiasis complicated with a bilioenteral fistula and small bowel biliary obstruction is an absolute indication for surgical treatment. To date, modern capabilities of high-tech specialized intra-luminal operative endoscopy with laser lithotripsy can prevent the routine surgical intervention, thus reducing the risk of adverse events and length of hospital stay. This clinical case describes diagnostics of the pathology and the first experience in treating the Bouveret syndrome with lithotripsy and thulium laser (Tm:YAG) light.Purpose: to improve outcomes in patients with small bowel biliary obstruction and a bilioenteral fistula using thulium laser (Tm:YAG) light as the first and final method of surgical (endoscopic) treatment.Material and methods: a patient with pains in the upper abdomen, weakness, vomiting after eating was admitted to the Botkin Hospital. Complete blood analysis, biochemical blood analysis, transabdominal ultrasound and X-ray examination of abdominal organs were made at the reception department. After that, she was transferred to the surgical department where computed tomography, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and esophagogastroduodenoscopy were performed.Results: The performed instrumental diagnostics revealed a large calculus with diameter up to 4.5 cm in the bulb of the duodenum and a fistula passage connecting to the gallbladder with diameter of up 2.0 cm. Because of long disease duration and a formed internal fistula the patient was simultaneously made esophagogastroduodenoscopy and lithotripsy to resolve small bowel obstruction. The calculus was removed using thulum laser (Tm:YAG) technique, a lithotriptor basket and an endoscopic loop for fragments extraction. The performed endoscopic procedure with thulium laser light has showed its high efficiencyConclusion: The effectiveness of laser medical technique with Tm:YA in patients with Bouveret syndrome has been proven by the authors
Morphological features of wound repair processes under low-level laser therapy in patients with diabetic foot syndrome
Authors: Bagry A. E. , Lutsenko Yu. G. , Sycheva D. R.
Published: April 2024

Purpose. To assess morphological features of tissue regeneration processes in lower extremities in patients with the diabetic foot syndrome after low-level laser therapy (LLLT).Materials and methods. The article presents a comparative retrospective analysis of the histological material of wound tissues in 125 patients with the diabetic foot syndrome (DFS). Studied material – histological sections of wound tissues stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The material was divided into two groups: main group – 65 micro-preparations of wound tissues of DFS patients who were treated traditionally plus LLLT; control group – 60 micro-preparations of wound tissues of DFS patients who had surgical wound debridement , then traditional comprehensive therapy with local wet-drying dressings.Results and discussion. The analysis of the obtained results has shown that LLLT promotes activation of cellular components and increases their number: macrophages, lymphocytes, fi broblasts. One can also see faster regenerative processes and granulation tissue formation as well as signifi cantly less area of wound surface, if to compare to the group of patients treated with traditional comprehensive wound management and local techniques.Conclusion. LLLT in the comprehensive management of patients with DFS purulent-necrotic forms can accelerate reparative processes in wound defects and signifi cantly reduce their area. It also helps to clean wounds, to reduce or eliminate infl ammatory processes within much shorter terms than under traditional care. LLLT stimulates production of granulation tissue and accelerates epithelialization as well.
Personal Adjusment of Female Students from Eastern Indonesia at Satya Wacana Christian University
Authors: Noya Angeliq Shareen , Kristinawati Wahyuni
Published: April 2024

This qualitative research aims to understand the adaptation process of female students hailing from Eastern Indonesia in the environment of Satya Wacana Christian University. The study explores various aspects of self-adjustment, including internal motivation, involvement in student activities, cultural adaptation skills, and the social support they receive. The research employs in-depth interviews and content analysis of data obtained from female Eastern Indonesian students who have relocated to the university. The findings reveal that internal motivation plays a significant role in encouraging Eastern Indonesian female students to migrate and actively participate in campus life. Involvement in student organizations with similar cultural backgrounds accelerates both academic and social adjustment. Adaptation skills in a cultural context, including the ability to adapt to new languages and cultures, enable students to build close social relationships and boost self-confidence. Social support from peers with similar cultural backgrounds also provides crucial assistance in overcoming challenges and difficulties in adaptation. However, the research also identifies several challenges, such as language and communication difficulties, as well as pressure to conform to group norms. The findings of this study can offer valuable insights for educational institutions and policymakers to develop more effective support programs for female students originating from Eastern Indonesia in the university environment.
Vibration-Induced Flow and Streaming in Oscillatory Flow of Thermoacoustics
Authors: Azman Hafiidz Aji  , Fatimah Al Zahrah Mohd Saat  , Fadhilah Shikh Anuar  , Patcharin Saechan
Published: April 2024

Induced acoustic streaming flow in thermoacoustic systems occurs due to acoustic vibrations, causing changes to the mean flow in the systems. This phenomenon creates a tendency to generate net fluid flow that can cause energy change within certain areas inside the system. However, the effects of the entire system’s vibrations on the flow streaming are not yet fully understood, yet it is important for a more effective operation. This study experimentally investigated the flow streaming resulting from vibration in a standing-wave thermoacoustic test rig with a flow frequency of 23.6 Hz. The existence of flow streaming due to vibration which was not counted in the theoretical formula is shown and indicated by experimental values. The result shows that there is a correlation between the amplitude of the drive ratio (DR) and the velocity of the oscillation of the flow. Upon examining both the theoretical and the practical evidence, it becomes clear that there exists a marginal flow velocity in directions other than the main flow due to the vibration of resonator’s wall as measured at the intake and outflow areas of the stack. This marginal flow velocity amplifies as the drive ratio of flow increases and it may potentially explain the observed difference between measured flow amplitude and the theoretical value.
Recent in vitro models and tissue engineering strategies to study glioblastoma
Authors: Karakaya Melike , Obakan Yerlikaya Pınar
Published: April 2024

Glioblastoma is a highly malignant brain tumor classified as grade IV with a poor prognosis and approximately a year of survival rate. The molecular changes that trigger primary glioblastoma are usually epidermal growth factor receptor mutations and amplifications, Mouse Double Minute and TP53 mutations, p16 deletion, phosphatase and tensin homolog and telomerase promoter mutations. In the vast majority of glioblastomas, altered signaling pathways were identified as receptor tyrosine kinase/Ras/PI3K, p53. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 mutations have also been associated with poor prognosis in glioblastoma The treatment options are very limited and complicated because of the diverse composition and heterogeneity of the tumors and unresponsiveness to the treatments with the existence of barriers reaching the brain tissue. Despite new trials, drug candidates that appeared effective in cell culture or mouse models failed in the clinic. Recently, new sophisticated experimental systems, including the those that mimic the tumor microenvironment, have started being used by several research groups, which will allow accurate prediction of drug efficacy. Tissue engineering strategies are also being combined with innovative cancer models, including spheroids, tumorspheres, organotypic slices, explants, tumoroids, and organoids. Such 3D systems provide powerful tools for studying glioblastoma biology by representing the dynamic evolution of the disease from the early to the metastatic stages and enabling interaction with the microenvironment. In this review, we both enlighten the molecular mechanisms that lead to glioblastoma development and detailed information on the tissue engineering approaches that have been used to model glioblastoma and the tumor microenvironment with the advantages and disadvantages. We anticipate that these novel approaches could improve the reliability of preclinical data by reducing the need for animal models.
Performance Analysis of Vedic Multiplier in Hardware Implementation of Biomedical Applications
Authors: Agarwal Meenakshi
Published: April 2024

As technology advances at a rapid pace, there is an increasing need for real-time digital signal processing (DSP) applications that are efficient and swift. DSPs, or digital signal processors, are crucial components of several engineering disciplines. For processes like convolution and Fourier transforms in DSPs, rapid multiplication is essential. Multiplication is one of the basic mathematical operations used by all applications. Many different multiplier designs have been developed to boost their speed. When compared to array and booth multipliers—the products of decades of hard research—vedic multipliers are among the fastest and lowest power multipliers. The sixteen sutras, or algorithms, that the Vedic Multiplier uses are primarily logical procedures. They are the fastest and most effective because several of them have been proposed using the Urdhava Tiryakbhyam sutra. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the numerous biomedical applications of Vedic Multiplier in the wide field of digital signal processing, including denoising of Electrocardiogram (ECG) and Electroencephalogram ( EEG) signal. Particular attention is paid to how current Vedic Multiplier designs have been altered to increase speed and performance metrics.
Data Mining in Different Fields: A Study
Authors: Kaderye Golam , Arif Ahsan , Kundu Ronjon
Published: April 2024

A revolutionary technique for managing massive amounts of data from databases is data mining. These days, information is more commonplace in all types of businesses and industries. For a range of business objectives, fields choose data mining approaches, and data mining is what makes it possible for fields to establish the ideal customer baseline and cultivate long-lasting relationships. Statistical analysis, machine learning, predictive modelling, and database approaches are all combined in knowledge discovery. This review research focuses on and quickly discusses the various domains in which data mining is applied. Here, we discuss several sectors where data mining is relevant in order to comprehend its significance. We also discuss the numerous technologies used in related fields, which depend on user desire. To learn about it, many algorithms are described.
An Analytical Perspective to Evaluate the Noise Level and Respective Spatial Noise Mapping Induced by Metro-Rail Movement in Dhaka City
Authors: Rana Adel Masud , Basak S. Bipulendu , Hossain Monabbir , Talukder Probal
Published: April 2024

Metro rail systems, which provide efficiency and speed, have revolutionized urban travel. However, the subsequent influence on environmental acoustics, notably noise pollution, needs further examination. This study evaluates noise pollution from the Dhaka metro rail along an 11.7 km segment, focusing on 27 monitoring points across commercial, mixed, and residential areas. Sampling on working and non-working days, representing a three-shift day, revealed average morning noise levels during working days (72 dB to 78.7 dB), increasing in the afternoon (76.2 dB to 83.6 dB), and peaking in the evening (80.8 dB to 89 dB). On non- working days, morning levels ranged from 69.1 dB to 73.1 dB, with afternoon and evening levels at 75.2 dB to 81.6 dB and 75.2 dB to 84 dB, respectively. Identified noise levels at specific locations underscored the need for managing metro rail-induced noise pollution, especially in commercial zones during working days. To address this issue, the research recommends implementing noise reduction measures and planning strategies to minimize disturbances in sensitive areas, ensuring a sustainable and harmonious urban environment.
Emotional Recognition Based on Faces through Deep Learning Algorithms
Authors: Goswami Saikat , Ahmed Siddiqee Tanvir , Barid Khurshedul , Mozumder Pranta Shuvendu
Published: April 2024

Facial expressions have long been a straightforward way for humans to determine emotions, but computer systems find it significantly more difficult to do the same. Emotion recognition from facial expressions, a subfield of social signal processing, is employed in many different circumstances, but is especially useful for human-computer interaction. Many studies have been conducted on automatic emotion recognition, with the majority utilizing machine learning techniques. However, the identification of basic emotions such as fear, sadness, surprise, anger, happiness, and contempt remains a challenging subject in computer vision. Recently, deep learning has gained more attention as potential solutions for a range of real-world problems, such as emotion recognition. In this work, we refined the convolutional neural network method to discern seven basic emotions and assessed several preprocessing approaches to illustrate their impact on CNN performance. The goal of this research is to enhance facial emotions and features by using emotional recognition. Computers may be able to forecast mental states more accurately and respond with more customised answers if they can identify or recognise the facial expressions that elicit human responses. Consequently, we investigate how a convolutional neural network-based deep learning technique may enhance the recognition of emotions from facial features (CNN). Consequently, we investigate how a convolutional neural network-based deep learning technique may enhance the recognition of emotions from facial features (CNN). Our dataset, which comprises of roughly 32,298 pictures for testing and training, includes multiple face expressions. After noise removal from the input image, the pretraining phase helps reveal face detection, including feature extraction. The preprocessing system helps with this.
Breathe In, Breathe Out: Asthmatics and Environmental Challenges in Grand-Lome, Togo
Authors: PASSIKE POKONA Essoninam , YAKA Pascal , BOKO Essohanam , KONE Brama
Published: April 2024

Over recent decades, interest in the impact of climate change and air pollution on respiratory conditions has significantly increased. Despite this attention, patients, as a vulnerable group, remain relatively uninformed about the potential links between climate, pollution, and their health. This study aimed to assess the perception of asthmatics in Togo regarding the relationship between climatic variables, air pollution, and the severity of their asthma attacks. Conducted in healthcare centers in the Grand-Lome regions, the survey revealed a predominance of young adults, mainly males aged 18 to 30 years. Most participants have attained an education level ranging from high school diploma to bachelor's degree, but a significant portion has an education level below high school diploma. Regarding knowledge about climate change and air pollution, a quarter of participants have no knowledge on the subject, while a minority possess an advanced level of knowledge. Nearly half of the participants attribute their asthma attacks to climate and pollution, with critical periods being the dry season, rainy season, and harmattan, with major triggers including heat, exhaust fumes, and dust. The majority of participants use charcoal and firewood as cooking energy sources, exacerbating asthma symptoms. Although 60% of participants regularly visit healthcare centers for asthma control, nearly 40% do not, citing social beliefs that asthma is a spiritual disease and should be treated in convents or prayer places. Financial constraints also contribute to non-attendance. Among those who experienced at least 10 attacks in the last 12 months, over half have no knowledge of climate change and air pollution, mainly within the under 30 age group, highlighting the need for targeted awareness and intervention programs for this demographic.
Predictive Maintenance using Machine Learning in Industrial IoT
Authors: Narkarunai Arasu Malaiyappan Jesu , Krishnamoorthy Gowrisankar , Jangoan Suhas
Published: April 2024

The use of predictive maintenance Machine learning techniques aid systems or machines in lowering the occurrence of certain types of machine failures via prediction and the use of specific methods. An essential tactic for improving the efficiency and reliability of industrial equipment and optimizing maintenance operations is predictive maintenance (PdM). Machine learning-based predictive maintenance helps businesses reduce unscheduled downtime, maintenance expenses, and operational efficiency by identifying and fixing potential equipment issues in advance.
Two Judeo-Spanish ‘Marrano’ hymns in the liturgy of the Jews of Cochin
Authors: NAHON PETER
Published: April 2024

The liturgy of the Jews of Cochin, Kerala, is extant in several manuscripts, the oldest dating back to the end of the seventeenth century. Among the Hebrew pieces, we find two compositions in Old Spanish written in Hebrew characters,
Alto dio de Abraham
and
Todos kiriados
. Here we provide for the first time an edition of these texts (from MS. Roth 33 of the Brotherton Library, University of Leeds and MS. Or. 2242 of the Cambridge University Library). A philological analysis reveals that these two texts – a supplication paraphrasing Psalm 121 and a translation of a medieval Hebrew
pizmon, Kol bĕruʾe
– are orally transmitted versions of prayers belonging to the liturgy of the Hispano-Portuguese New Christians. A comparison with their European counterparts and the study of the linguistic peculiarities of these Indian versions show influences from Portuguese and Malayalam. In the context of the history of Jewish and Marrano migrations to the Malabar Coast, these texts represent an important vestige of a Judeo-Iberian heritage within Indian Jewish culture.
A cross-homilies analysis of Tanhuma-Yelamdenu
Aharei Mot
Authors: SACHER TOVA , LAVEE MOSHE
Published: April 2024

This article introduces a method to further the mapping and analysing of the abundant Tanhuma Yelamdenu Literature (TYL) materials by surveying homilies devoted to a single lection across their different versions and variants in print, manuscripts and Genizah fragments, prior to analysis of various works of TYL in their entirety. Comparative analysis of the structural composition, motifs, themes and linguistic features detects the relations between various TYL representations and illuminates the homily’s transmission history. This method is demonstrated with a study of TYL homilies for
Aharei-Mot
, Leviticus 16:1. A late insertion of Amoraic
Pesiqta
homily into the majority of witnesses of Tanhuma print editions corrupted the text, but an original TYL homily is preserved intact – and so far unnoticed – in MS. Vatican 34. We also present the unique TYL homilies for this lection in Genizah fragments and
Pesiqta Rabbati
, and their relationship to the print versions.
Lost and found manuscripts of Targum
Authors: EFRATI SHLOMI
Published: April 2024

In this article I describe the re-identification of two Targum manuscripts thought to be lost. (1) A Pentateuch with Targum formerly held in the convent of S. Salvatore, Bologna (Kennicott 532): I show that the lost manuscript is identical with MS. Vatican ebr. 608, and provide an updated catalogue summary of the Hebrew manuscripts from the convent’s library. (2) A manuscript of Writings Targums in Turin, National University Library, 22 (A.II.2): an examination of the restored remains of the manuscript reveals it contains a hitherto unknown copy of the Aramaic Dream of Mordecai.
Love and fear of God in the thought of Isaac of Corbeil
Authors: GALINSKY JUDAH D.
Published: April 2024

In this study I present Isaac of Corbeil’s thoughts on the topic of the love and fear of God, and their relationship to the other biblical commandments. His position is strikingly similar to that of Nahmanides (Ramban) found in his commentary on the Torah, although they both seem to have arrived at their understanding independently of the other. In the first part I show how his theological musings seemingly deepened and became better defined over time, and suggest that part of this development may be related to his changing assessment of his ultimate audience, the people for whom he crafted his religious message. In the second part I explore the possible medieval sources that influenced Isaac’s theological thinking. The two most likely sources were the writings of the German scholars known as
Ḥasidei Ashkenaz
, especially Eleazar of Worms, and the Andalusian Abraham ibn Ezra.
Adjusting the Potential Field Source Surface Height Based on Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations
Authors: Huang Zhenguang , Tóth Gábor , Huang Jia , Sachdeva Nishtha , van der Holst Bart , Manchester Ward B.
Published: April 2024

A potential field solution is widely used to extrapolate the coronal magnetic field above the Sun’s surface to a certain height. This model applies the current-free approximation and assumes that the magnetic field is entirely radial beyond the source surface height, which is defined as the radial distance from the center of the Sun. Even though the source surface is commonly specified at 2.5 R

s
(solar radii), previous studies have suggested that this value is not optimal in all cases. In this study, we propose a novel approach to specify the source surface height by comparing the areas of the open magnetic field regions from the potential field solution with predictions made by a magnetohydrodynamic model, in our case the Alfvén Wave Solar atmosphere Model. We find that the adjusted source surface height is significantly less than 2.5 R

s
near solar minimum and slightly larger than 2.5 R

s
near solar maximum. We also report that the adjusted source surface height can provide a better open flux agreement with the observations near the solar minimum, while the comparison near the solar maximum is slightly worse.
Domitius lusitanicus (Araneae, Nesticidae) - an umbrella species for the conservation of troglobionts in the Estremenho Karst Massif, Portugal
Authors: Alves Tomás , Reboleira Ana Sofia P. S.
Published: April 2024

Domitius lusitanicus (Fage, 1931) is a troglobiont spider, endemic from caves in the largest karst massif in Portugal, the Estremenho. It was the first described cave-adapted species from Portugal, but the male of the species was only described in 1988.

Over the last two decades, the knowledge on the distribution of D. lusitanicus increased significantly. We assess the conservation status of D. lusitanicus, providing new information on its extent of occurrence and the anthropogenic threats, and present a IUCN Red List profile. D. lusitanicus faces various anthropogenic threats, such as habitat loss, agriculture, pollution, and tourism impacts. Despite a large part of its distribution is included in a Natural Park, it expands outside of the areas deemed for protection in the Natura 2000 network. This species has the widest spread distribution of all troglobionts in the Estremenho Massif, therefore it may be used as an umbrella species for the protection of other cave-adapted species of the massif.
Revisionary notes on the genus Aulacocentrum Brues (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Macrocentrinae) from Vietnam
Authors: Pham Thi Nhi , Long Khuat Dang , van Achterberg Cornelis , Cao Thi Quynh Nga , Pham Van Phu , Dang Thi Hoa
Published: April 2024

This paper contains descriptions and illustrations of five new species of the genus Aulacocentrum Brues, 1922, from Vietnam, viz. Aulacocentrum assitum Long & Pham, sp. nov.; A. glabrum Long, sp. nov.; A. imparum Long & van Achterberg, sp. nov.; A. intermedium Long & van Achterberg, sp. nov.; and A. simulatum Long, sp. nov. Additionally, Aulacocentrum seticella van Achterberg & He is newly recorded for Vietnam’s braconid fauna. A checklist and a key to the Oriental and East Palaearctic Aulacocentrum species is provided and the in-country distribution of the Vietnamese species is given.
Quantitative, Qualitative, Mixed Methods, and Triangulation Research Simplified
Authors: Kawar Lina Najib , Dunbar Ghada B. , Aquino-Maneja Emma M. , Flores Sarah L. , Squier Victoria Rondez , Failla Kim Reina
Published: April 2024

For the novice nurse researcher, identifying a clinical researchable problem may be simple, but discerning an appropriate research approach may be daunting. What are the differences among quantitative, qualitative, mixed methods, and triangulation research? Which method is applicable for the study one wants to conduct? This article discusses the two main research traditions (quantitative and qualitative) and the differences and similarities in methods for frontline nurses. It simplifies and clarifies how the reader might enhance the rigor of the research study by using mixed methods or triangulation. The four types of research are described, and examples are provided to support readers to plan projects, use the most appropriate method, and effectively communicate findings.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2024;55(7):338–344.]
Enhanced Total Hip Arthroplasty Education Using Augmented Reality: A Survey From a Tertiary Center
Authors: Ryan Sean P. , Cochrane Niall , Bolognesi Michael P. , Wellman Samuel S.
Published: April 2024

Background:

For total hip arthroplasty (THA), a new technology in the evolution of computer-assisted surgery has emerged in the form of augmented reality (AR). We sought to determine the impact of AR on resident and fellow education after implementation at an academic teaching center.

Materials and Methods:

The senior author's intraoperative technique allows for the orthopedic trainee to use AR to correct the acetabular component's position after an attempt is made with standard instrumentation. One year after the implementation of this AR method, both resident and fellow trainees were issued an anonymous survey regarding their experience and descriptive statistics were calculated for the results.

Results:

Sixteen trainees responded to the survey. One hundred percent felt the use of AR improved their understanding of acetabular component placement and improved their intraoperative experience. Sixty-nine percent reported feeling there was a small increase in operative time but 25% reported no increase in operative time when using AR. Seventy-five percent of trainees felt that patients benefited from the technology and would be in favor of AR if they were having a THA. The majority of those surveyed reported a desire to use AR in their practice if it is available.

Conclusion:

Computer-assisted surgery has demonstrated variable impacts on orthopedic education. After the implementation of AR at an academic teaching center, all trainees reported it improved their intraoperative experience and their understanding of acetabular component placement. Further studies are needed to determine if AR is able to improve a trainee's component placement. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(4):e157–e160.]
Factors Associated With Episode of Care Adverse Events After Humerus Nonunion Repair
Authors: Zhang Dafang , Jupiter Jesse B. , Blazar Philip , Earp Brandon E. , Dyer George S. M.
Published: April 2024

Background:

Humeral nonunions have devastating negative effects on patients' upper extremity function and health-related quality of life. The objective of this study was to identify factors independently associated with 30-day complication, hospital readmission, and reoperation after surgical treatment of humeral nonunions.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective case-control study was performed using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database by querying the
Current Procedural Terminology
codes for patients who underwent humeral nonunion repair from 2011 to 2020. The study outcomes were 30-day complication, hospital readmission, and reoperation.

Results:

Of the 1306 patients in our cohort, 135 patients (10%) developed a complication, 66 patients (5%) were readmitted to the hospital, and 44 patients (3%) underwent reoperation during the 30-day postoperative period. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that older age, longer operative time, partially dependent functional status, congestive heart failure, bleeding disorder, and contaminated wound classification were associated with 30-day complication after humeral nonunion repair. Older age and disseminated cancer were associated with 30-day reoperation after humeral nonunion repair. Disseminated cancer was associated with 30-day readmission after humeral nonunion repair.

Conclusion:

Using a large database over a recent 10-year period, we identified demographic and comorbid factors independently associated with episode of care adverse events after humeral nonunion repair. Patients 50 years or older had approximately three times the incidence of complications, readmissions, and reoperations in the first month after humeral nonunion repair compared with patients younger than 50 years. Our findings are relevant for preoperative risk stratification and counseling. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(4):e181–e187.]
Shoulder Hemiarthroplasty Is Associated With Higher 30-Day Complication Rates Compared With Total Shoulder Arthroplasty for Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis
Authors: Wyatt Phillip B. , Reiter Charles R. , Satalich James R. , O'Neill Conor N. , Vap Alexander R.
Published: April 2024

Background:

Anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) and shoulder hemiarthroplasty (HA) have both been shown to have good outcomes in patients with osteoarthritis of the glenohumeral joint. However, evidence comparing perioperative complications between these procedures in this population is heterogeneous.

Materials and Methods:

The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried between the years 2012 and 2021 (10 years in total) for records of patients who underwent either TSA or HA for osteoarthritis of the glenohumeral joint. Patients in each group underwent a 1:1 propensity match for demographic variables. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to compare complications and risk factors between these cohorts.

Results:

A total of 4376 propensity-matched patients, with 2188 receiving TSA and 2188 receiving HA, were included in the primary analyses. The HA cohort had a higher rate of any adverse event (7.18% vs 4.8%,
P
=.001), death (0.69% vs 0.1%,
P
=.004), sepsis (0.46% vs 0.1%,
P
=.043), postoperative transfusion (4.62% vs 2.2%,
P
<.001), postoperative intubation (0.5% vs 0.1%,
P
=.026), and extended length of stay (23.77% vs 13.1%,
P
<.001). HA was found to increase the odds of developing these complications when baseline demographics were controlled. Older age (odds ratio, 1.040; 95% CI, 1.021-1.059;
P
<.001) and lower body mass index (odds ratio, 0.949; 95% CI, 0.923-0.975;
P
<.001) increased the odds of having any adverse event in the HA cohort but not in the TSA cohort.

Conclusion:

Compared with TSA, HA appears to be associated with significantly higher rates of 30-day postoperative complications when performed for glenohumeral osteoarthritis. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(4):217-224.]
Clinical Outcome of Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy Versus Chemotherapy, Radiation Therapy, and Multilevel Vertebroplasty or Kyphoplasty for Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Alkhatatba Mohammad , Alma'aiteh Ala'a , Audat Ziad , Bani Essa Suhaib , Radaideh Ahmad , Mohaidat Ziyad , Ziad Audat Hamzeh , Manasreh Tarek
Published: April 2024

Background:

Vertebral augmentation including vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty may restore function without interfering with the therapeutic regimen of patients with multiple myeloma. We sought to evaluate the effects of adding multilevel vertebral augmentation to conventional therapy protocols for patients with multiple myeloma.

Materials and Methods:

Forty-four patients recently diagnosed with multiple myeloma were randomly assigned to two groups. One group received multilevel vertebral augmentation (kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty) in addition to conventional therapy (MVA), and the other group received conventional therapy alone (CTA). Patients were evaluated before treatment and at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, and 5 years after treatment by using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), the Stanford Score (SS), and the Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS).

Results:

The mean ODI, SS, and SINS were nearly equal before treatment, being 34.19 (68.38%), 4.58, and 12.30, respectively, for the MVA group and 32.29 (64.58%), 4.63, and 13.88, respectively, for the CTA group. There were significant differences in the ODI, SS, and SINS between the two groups at all follow-up intervals. The ODI and SINS were statistically significantly different between the two groups (
P
=.020 and
P
<.001, respectively). There was an insignificant difference in SS between the two groups.

Conclusion:

This study found that performing kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty in addition to conventional therapy for patients with multiple myeloma resulted in enhanced morbidity and functional outcomes. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(4):225–231.]
Psychiatric Diagnosis Does Not Influence Management or Resolution of Confirmed Fracture-Related Infection
Authors: Fisher Nina D. , Merrell Lauren A. , Solasz Sara J. , Ganta Abhishek , Konda Sanjit R. , Egol Kenneth A.
Published: April 2024

Background:

The purpose of this study was to determine if the presence of a standing
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,
Fifth Edition, psychiatric diagnosis is associated with worse outcomes for patients who develop a confirmed fracture-related infection (FRI).

Materials and Methods:

Included patients had open or closed fractures managed with internal fixation and had confirmed FRIs. Baseline demographics, injury information, and outcomes were collected via chart review. All patients who had a diagnosis of psychiatric illness, which included depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, and schizophrenia, were identified. Patients with and without a psychiatric diagnosis were statistically compared.

Results:

Two hundred eleven patients were diagnosed with a confirmed FRI. Fifty-seven (27.0%) patients had a diagnosis of a psychiatric illness at the time of FRI diagnosis. Patients with a psychiatric diagnosis had a higher rate of smoking (56% vs 40%,
P
=.039) and drug use (39% vs 19%,
P
=.004) and a higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification (2.35±1.33 vs 1.96±1.22,
P
=.038); however, there were no other demographic differences. Clinical outcomes also did not differ between the groups, as patients with an FRI and a psychiatric diagnosis had a similar time to FRI diagnosis, similar confirmatory FRI characteristics, and a similar rate of reoperation. Furthermore, there was no difference between patients with FRI with and without a psychiatric diagnosis regarding rate of infection resolution (89% vs 88%,
P
=.718) or time to final follow-up (20.13±24.93 vs 18.11±21.81 months,
P
=.270).

Conclusion:

The presence of a psychiatric diagnosis does not affect clinical outcomes in the patient population with FRI. This is the first study exploring the impact of psychiatric illness on patient outcomes after a confirmed FRI diagnosis. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(4):198–204.]
A one-step graph clustering method on heterogeneous graphs via variational graph embedding
Authors: Ma Chuang , Xia Helong
Published: April 2024

Graph clustering is one of the fundamental tasks in graph data mining, with significant applications in social networks and recommendation systems. Traditional methods for clustering heterogeneous graphs typically involve obtaining node representations as a preliminary step, followed by the application of clustering algorithms to achieve the final clustering results. However, this two-step approach leads to a disconnection between the optimization of node representation and the clustering process, making it challenging to achieve optimal results. In this paper, we propose a graph clustering approach specifically designed for heterogeneous graphs that unifies the optimization of node representation and the clustering process for nodes in a heterogeneous graph. We assume that the relationships between different meta-paths in the heterogeneous graph are mutually independent. By maximizing the joint probability of meta-paths and nodes, we derive the optimization objective through variational methods. Finally, we employ backpropagation and reparameterization techniques to optimize this objective and thereby achieve the desired clustering results. Experiments conducted on multiple real heterogeneous datasets demonstrate that the proposed method is competitive with existing methods.
Recurrent neural network for the dynamics of Zika virus spreading
Authors: Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Anjum Muhammad Wajahat , Raja Muhammad Asif Zahoor , Shoaib Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), a type of machine learning technique, have recently drawn a lot of interest in numerous fields, including epidemiology. Implementing public health interventions in the field of epidemiology depends on efficient modeling and outbreak prediction. Because RNNs can capture sequential dependencies in data, they have become highly effective tools in this field. In this paper, the use of RNNs in epidemic modeling is examined, with a focus on the extent to which they can handle the inherent temporal dynamics in the spread of diseases. The mathematical representation of epidemics requires taking time-dependent variables into account, such as the rate at which infections spread and the long-term effects of interventions. The goal of this study is to use an intelligent computing solution based on RNNs to provide numerical performances and interpretations for the SEIR nonlinear system based on the propagation of the Zika virus (SEIRS-PZV) model. The four patient dynamics, namely susceptible patients S(y), exposed patients admitted in a hospital E(y), the fraction of infective individuals I(y), and recovered patients R(y), are represented by the epidemic version of the nonlinear system, or the SEIR model. SEIRS-PZV is represented by ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which are then solved by the Adams method using the Mathematica software to generate a dataset. The dataset was used as an output for the RNN to train the model and examine results such as regressions, correlations, error histograms, etc. For RNN, we used 100% to train the model with 15 hidden layers and a delay of 2 seconds. The input for the RNN is a time series sequence from 0 to 5, with a step size of 0.05. In the end, we compared the approximated solution with the exact solution by plotting them on the same graph and generating the absolute error plot for each of the 4 cases of SEIRS-PZV. Predictions made by the model appeared to be become more accurate when the mean squared error (MSE) decreased. An increased fit to the observed data was suggested by this decrease in the MSE, which suggested that the variance between the model's predicted values and the actual values was dropping. A minimal absolute error almost equal to zero was obtained, which further supports the usefulness of the suggested strategy. A small absolute error shows the degree to which the model's predictions matches the ground truth values, thus indicating the level of accuracy and precision for the model's output.