bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Simple and Sensitive Method for Determination of Sugar Content in Fruits and Culture Media During Fermentation
Authors: Marseno Djagal Wiseso , Indrati Retno
Published: August 2022

A colorimetric for sugar determination using cuprammonium reagent containing strong base has been improved with a heating process after a reaction started.  The reaction was started after the sugar or sample containing sugar was added to the cuprammonium reagent consisted of 1 mM CuSO – 0,4 M (NH ) SO – 0,6 M NaOH).  This heat­ ing process could enhance the formation of sugar­cupper ammonium complex, so that the intensity of absorbance increased at wavelength of 280 nm. This simple and sensitive method was applicable for various sugars detection such as sugar fraction after HPLC separation, sugar content in biological extract or in culture medium during fermentation. Interestingly, different from previous report, this method was specific for non polyol sugars.
Daya Hambat Asap Cair Kulit Batang Sagu terhadap Kerusakan Oksidatif Lemak Ikan Tuna (Thunnus sp) Asap
Authors: Nicolas Apituley Daniel Ambrosius , Darmadji Purnama
Published: August 2022

Recent years using of liquid smoke as biopreservation in fish preservation technology has been carried out and developed. The aim of this research was to study the liquid smoke of sago bark as antioxidant to inhibit oxidative damage of smoked tuna (Thunnus sp) fat. Antioxidant activity was tested by DPPH method, while oxidative damage was tested by TBA value. The result showed that liquid smoke of sago bark had ability as an antioxidant, and inhibited oxidative damage of smoked Tuna fat during storage. It concluded that treatment of liquid smoke with concentration 4% could inhibit increasing TBA value rate of smoked Tuna during storage if compared to control and traditionally smoked Tuna.ABSTRAKSekarang ini penggunaan asap cair sebagai biopreservasi dalam teknologi pengolahan ikan telah dilakukan dan dikembangkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan kajian terhadap asap cair dari kulit batang sagu untuk digunakan sebagai sumber antioksidan dalam menghambat kerusakan oksidatif ikan Tuna asap. Kemampuan sebagai antioksidan diuji dengan metode DPHH sedangkan kemampuan menghambat kerusakan oksidatif lemak ikan asap dilakukan dengan mengukur perubahan nilai TBA ikan asap selama penyimpanan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa asap cair dari kulit batang sagu memiliki kemampuan sebagai antioksidan dan dapat menghambat kerusakan oksidatif lemak ikan tuna asap selama penyimpanan. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan asap cair dengan konsentrasi 4% dapat menghambat laju peningkatan nilai TBA ikan tuna asap selama penyimpanan bila dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol dan pengasapan tradisional.
Uji Performansi Desain Terintegrasi Tungku Biomassa dan Penukar Panas
Authors: Tahir Muhammad , Kasim Rahmiaty , Bait Yoyanda
Published: August 2022

A series testing of the integrated design of biomass furnace and heat exchanger was conducted to see the performance using methods such as the effectivenes-number of transfer unit (e-NTU),  the efficiency as a function of Fin Analogy Number (h(Fa)) and the log-mean temperature difference (LMTD). The biomass furnace as a plant to generated heat produced value of energy 25,600W with the burning rated of corncob 7.03 kg/hour. The calculation of amount of heat transfer to the cold fluid in the tubes as function of fluid characteristic, mass rated of dry air in a longitudinal section was 11,285W. The effectivenes as the ratio of actual heat transfered to the absolute maximum heat that can be transferred in a heat exchanger was 0.90. The efficiency of heat exchanger as a clear measurement of performance system was 0.78. The efficiency as a function of fin analogy number, employed several variable as it function; such as the product of UA, minimum heat capacity rate (Cmin) and the capacity ratio (Cr). Another performance showed by correction factor with value of 0.5 indicated that the heat exchanger was not a pure of counter-flow but made of cross-flow in the single segmental baffle with turbulances pattern (Re: 8.524 > 6.000).ABSTRAKSerangkaian pengujian terhadap desain terintegrasi tungku biomassa dan penukar panas telah dilakukan untuk melihat performansinya menggunakan metode efektifitas-NTU (e-NTU), efisiensi sebagai fungsi dari fin analogy number (h(Fa)) dan beda temperatur rata-rata logaritmik (LMTD). Tungku biomassa sebagai pembangkit panas menghasilkan energi senilai 25.600W dengan laju pembakaran tongkol jagung 7.03 kg/jam. Perhitungan laju pindah panas ke fluida dingin dalam pipa sebagai fungsi dari karakteristik udara, laju massa melalui luas penampang laluan diperoleh sebesar 11,285W. Efektivitas sebagai rasio laju pindah panas aktual dengan panas maksimum yang dapat dipindahkan dalam sebuah penukar panas diperoleh sebesar 0,90. Efisiensi penukar panas sebagai ukuran jelas performansi sistem diperoleh sebesar 0,78. Efisiensi dalam hal ini adalah fungsi dari fin analogy number sedangkan fin analogy number merupakan fungsi dari beberapa variabel seperti hasil perkalian UA, laju kapasitas panas minimum (Cmin) dan rasio kapasitas (Cr). Performansi lainnya ditunjukkan melalui nilai faktor koreksi sebesar 0,5 menunjukkan bahwa penukar panas tidak sepenuhnya merupakan aliran-melawan melainkan terbentuk aliran-silang khususnya di dalam ruang antar sekat dengan pola turbulensi (Re: 8.524 > 6.000).
Evaluasi Kesesuaian Lahan dan Optimasi Penggunaan Lahan untuk Pengembangan Tanaman Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Batee dan Kecamatan Padang Tiji Kabupaten Pidie Propinsi Aceh)
Authors: Jayanti Dewi Sri , Goenadi Sunarto , Hadi Pramono
Published: August 2022

The research was conducted to find out the classification of land suitability and the influences of land characterization for cacao; and to optimize the land use based on the classification of land suitability. This classification was derived from physical and chemical properties of land and by overlaying maps which suitable with the requirements of cacao’s growth using ArcGIS. The suitable level for cacao was optimized using QM for windows to obtain the optimal land. The classification of land suitability in Batee District were: S1 (very suitable) was 35,42 % (2.572,662 ha); S2 (suitable) was 20,31 % (1.922,737 ha) and N (not suitable) was 44,27 % (3.572,008 ha), respectively. The classification of land suitability in Padang Tiji District were: S1 (very suitable) was 2,72 % (306,173 ha); S2 (suitable) was 92,50 % (10.429,770 ha) and N (not suitable) was 4,79 % (539,606 ha), respectively. Based on the linear programming, the results showed that the optimal land was 3.475,065 ha with the maximum profit was Rp 29.756.057.638,21. This production begun at the 7th year. The actual land areas in Batee and Padang Tiji Districts were 4.495,359 ha and 10.735,943 ha, respectively. This results implied that there was still the availability of land that could be used to develop cacao.ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelas kesesuaian lahan tanaman kakao; mengetahui pengaruh karakteristik lahan untuk pengembangan kakao dan memperoleh tingkat kelayakan usahatani; dan optimalisasi penggunaan lahan berdasarkan kelas kesesuaian lahan. Kelas kesesuaian lahan didapatkan dengan mencocokkan sifat fisik dan kimia dari lahan usahatani serta mengoverlaikan peta-peta yang sesuai dengan persyaratan tumbuh tanaman kakao dengan ArcGIS. Selanjutnya dihitung tingkat kelayakan usahatani kakao dan dilakukan optimasi menggunakan QM for Windows untuk mendapatkan lahan optimum dengan keuntungan maksimum. Kelas kesesuaian lahan yang didapatkan di Kecamatan Batee: kelas S1 (sangat sesuai) sebesar 35,42% (2.572,622 ha); S2 (sesuai) sebesar 20,31% (1.922,737 ha) dan N (tidak sesuai) sebesar 44,27% (3.572,008 ha); serta di Kecamatan Padang Tiji: kelas S1 (sangat sesuai) sebesar 2,72% (306,173 ha); S2 (sesuai) sebesar 92,50% (10.429,770 ha); dan N (tidak sesuai) sebesar 4,79% (539,606 ha). Hasil analisis program linier menunjukkan bahwa luas lahan yang optimal digunakan seluas 3.475,065 ha. Keuntungan maksimum yang dapat diperoleh dengan luas lahan 3.475,065 ha adalah Rp 29.756.057.638,21 dimulai pada tahun produksi ke-7. Luas lahan aktual saat ini di Kec. Batee seluas 4.495,359 ha dan di Kec. Padang Tiji seluas 10.735,943 ha yang merupakan sumberdaya yang dapat ditingkatkan. Hal ini berarti masih besarnya ketersediaan lahan yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pengembangan tanaman kakao.
Aktivitas Antioksidasi Ekstrak Fenol Umbi Sarang Semut (HYDNOPHYTUM SP.) Pada berbagai Suhu Penyeduhan
Authors: Dewi Yohana S.K. , Dominika Dominika
Published: August 2022

Antioxidant activity of Sarang Semut tubers (Hydnophytum sp.) extracts toward stepping treatments was investigated. Powder of sarang semut tubers was diluted in 200 ml of distilled water then its being subjected to stepping treatment of three different treatments: cooked at 60, 80 and 100 °C for 2, 4 and 6 minutes. Effect of stepping treatment of Sarang Semut tuber juices on the antioxidant activity and the total phenol contents was investigated. Antioxidant activity of Sarang Semut tuber juices was estimated according to DPPH methods. The total phenol content in the tuber juices was measured with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent using gallic acid as a standard. The results showed that stepping treatment did not affect antioxidant activity of Sarang Semut tuber juices. Stepping treatment of Sarang Semut tuber juices at 100 °C exhibited the highest total phenol contents.ABSTRAKAktivitas antioksidasi ekstrak umbi sarang semut (Hydnophytum sp.) telah diteliti pada berbagai suhu penyeduhan. Serbuk umbi sarang semut (2,5g) diseduh dalam akuades yang telah dipanaskan pada suhu 60,8 dan 100 °C selama 2,4, dan 6 menit. Pengaruh perlakuan penyeduhan terhadap serbuk sarang semut diuji aktivitas antioksidasi dan kand- ungan total fenol. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidasi dengan metode DPPH dan kandungan total fenol dengan metode Folin Ciocalteou dengan standar asam galat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan penyeduhan tidak mempengar- uhi aktivitas antioksidasi serbuk sarang semut. Suhu penyeduhan 100 °C menghasilkan kandungan total fenol umbi sarng semut tertinggi.
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from the Endophytic Fungi Alternaria sp.
Authors: Ola Antonius Rolling Basa , Darmakusuma Dodi , Kadang Luther , Karyawati Amor Tresna , Ledoh Sherly Monitha Febriani , Gauru Imanuel , Ola Pius Dore , Suwari Suwari , Belli Henderiana Laura Loiusa
Published: August 2022

Shifting the drug discovery from plants to microorganisms due to minimizing the ecological effects has led to the increasing work on finding bioactive metabolites from endophytic fungi, especially those isolated from medicinal plants growing in arid and semi-arid land. An endophytic fungi Alternaria sp. isolated from dry land was cultivated on solid rice media and then extracted with ethyl acetate. From the fungal ethyl acetate crude extract of Alternaria sp., compounds altertoxin I (1) and II (2), and stemphyltoxin III (3), were isolated based on the bioactivity assay. The structures of compounds 1-3 were identified using UV, NMR, and mass spectral data and compared to those spectral data reported in the literature. The absolute configuration was determined to be the same as the previous report based on the comparison with the optical rotation value. The three compounds showed strong cytotoxic activity, with altertoxin II being the most active ones having the inhibition of growth observed at 94.4% against murine lymphoma L5178Y cell line at 10 µg/mL. The activity of altertoxin II (2) was probably contributed by the epoxytetralone moiety. The finding of this study still confirms the importance of endophytic fungi as sources of bioactive molecules.
Application of Poly(Ethyl Eugenyl Oxyacetate) Compounds as the Ions Carrier for Heavy Metals Separation and Separation of Fe and Ni in Ferronickel Using Liquid Membrane Transport Method
Authors: Harimu La , Matsjeh Sabirin , Siswanta Dwi , Santosa Sri Juari , Baari Muhamad Jalil
Published: August 2022

Poly(ethyl eugenyl oxyacetate) (PEEOA) had been synthesized for separating heavy metals like Fe(III), Cr(III), Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Pb(II) by liquid membrane transport method. The effects of pH, ion carrier volume, stripping concentration, transport time, and metal ion concentration were investigated to obtain optimum conditions. Experimental results showed that optimum pH occurred at pH 4 for Fe(III) ions and pH 5 for others. Carrier volumes were optimum at 8.5 mL for Fe(III) and Pb(II) ions but 7.5 mL for others. The optimum concentrations of the stripping phase were 2 M for Fe(III) and Cu(II) ions, 1 M for Cr(III), Ni(II), Co(II) ions, and 0.5 M for Pb(II) ion. Transport times were optimum at 36 h for Fe(III) and Co(II) ions and 48 h for others. The optimum metal ion concentrations were 0.25 mM for Fe(III) and Cr(III) ions, while other ions were 0.1 mM. The response of PEEOA to Fe(III) ion was the best with selectivity order, Fe(III) > Cr(III) > Pb(II) > Cu(II) > Ni(II) > Co(II). PEEOA also could separate Fe and Ni in a ferronickel sample whose transport percents were 8.87 and 0.92%, respectively. Hence, PEEOA is reasonably effective as an ions carrier for separating metal ions individually or ionic mixture and also in a ferronickel compound.
The Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Properties of Compounds in Hemigraphis alternata (Burm.F.) T. Ander Leaves Using pkCSM
Authors: Yeni Yeni , Rachmania Rizky Arcinthya
Published: August 2022

The inflammatory process aids in healing and maintains the body's balance. Untreated acute inflammation can cause organ disease, which can lead to a chronic inflammatory phenotype. Hemigraphis alternata is a plant that has anti-inflammatory activity. The compounds contained in H. alternata leaves have been predicted to have an affinity for receptors involved in the inflammatory process. A large number of drug candidates were withdrawn from preclinical trials due to their poor pharmacokinetic profiles. Drug compounds must cross the barriers that exist in the body to reach their biological targets so that they can generate a biological effect. The pharmacokinetic features of 22 components in H. alternata leaves were predicted in order to search for inflammatory medication candidates with suitable pharmacokinetic profiles. The pkCSM, a strategy for predicting and optimizing the pharmacokinetic properties of small molecules based on distance-based graph signatures was used in this work. The pkCSM employed 20 predictors separated into four groups: absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Based on the prediction findings, there are five substances with the best pharmacokinetic features, 8a-methyl-3,4,4a,5,6,7-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-1,8-dione, (E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-ol, 2-methylenecholestan-3-ol, 5-(hydroxymethyl) furan-2-carbaldehyde and 2,3-dihydro-2,5-dimethyl-5H-1,4-dioxepin.
Blended Learning: Strategies and Challenges in Teaching 21st Century Literature of the Philippines and the World to Grade 12 Students
Authors: S. Bobila Shenna Joy , Daing Dr. Crisanto A.
Published: August 2022

This study examined various teaching strategies using Blended Learning in teaching 21st Century Literature of the Philippines and the World (21st CLPW) in the university, assessed various challenges that teachers encountered using Blended Learning in teaching the subject,  identified the significant difference in the extent of the use of Blended Learning in teaching 21st CLPW according to their profile, and recognized the significant relationship between the strategies and the profile of the teacher-respondents. The study employed a mix method of quantitative and qualitative research approaches. The researcher utilized a researcher-made questionnaire to identify teachers using Blended Learning to teach 21st CLPW among Grade 12 students in a university. Data gathering was administered via Google form, and interpretated using mean, standard deviation, Kruskal-Wallis H Test, and Chi-square Test of Independence. Results revealed that most of the teacher-respondents are young adults who are Bachelor’s Degree holders, have been teaching for five years or less, and the most common seminars and pieces of training they have attended were school-based. Challenges Encountered obtained an overall mean of 3.12 and a standard deviation of 0.47, which is interpreted as Agree. This means that challenges in using Blended Learning in teaching 21st CLPW is inevitable.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria and Yeasts Isolated from the Milk of Dairy Cattle Presenting with Subclinical Mastitis in Puebla, Mexico
Authors: Toxqui-Munguia Miriam , Avila-Sosa Raul , Castaneda-Roldan Elsa , Duarte-Escalante Esperanza , Castaneda-Antonio Dolores , Leon-Tello Gloria , Munguia-Perez Ricardo
Published: August 2022

This study was designed to identify the bacteria and yeasts from the milk samples of dairy cattle presenting with subclinical mastitis and evaluate their antimicrobial susceptibility. We collected a total of 52 milk samples from cows across three farms in San Salvador El Seco (Puebla, Mexico). Microbial isolation was performed using microbiological techniques followed by taxonomic identification of bacteria and yeasts. Antimicrobial susceptibility was evaluated using the guidelines provided by the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI). 1 We identified three genera and six species of yeasts including Candida glabrata, C. krusei, C. lipolytica, Cryptococcus laurentii, Rhodotorula rubra, and R. glutinis and five species of bacteria, including Staphylococcus saprophyticus, S. aureus, S. hominis, S. epidermidis, and Streptococcus disgalactiae. All of the yeast strains were sensitive to amphotericin B; 1/23 (4.3%) were resistant to ketoconazole and nystatin, 10/23 (43%) were resistant to fluconazole, and 13/23 (53%) were resistant to 5-fluorocytosine. The dominant genus isolated was Candida, with the most abundant groups being C glabrata and C. krusei. Resistance to 5-fluorocytosine was observed in all yeasts except C. lipolytica, while both S. aureus and S. epidermidis were resistant to oxacillin and dicloxacillin. S. hominis was resistant to gentamicin. These antimicrobials are still used in bovine therapy for mastitis, directly affecting healthy cattle and, therefore, raw milk.
Potential of Impatiens balsamina Leaf Extract against Quorum Sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01
Authors: Rajeswari V. , Gunasekar Bhuvaneshwari , Chinnasamy Selvakkumar
Published: August 2022

Bacteria control gene expression by quorum sensing (QS) mechanism owing to producing small signal molecules associated with population density. Both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria use QS to manage various physiological characteristics, including bioluminescence, virulence gene expression, biofilm formation, and antibiotic resistance. Impatience balsamina is a flowering, perennial and annual herb indigenous to southern Asia in India. All parts of Impatience balsamina have a therapeutic effect on different diseases. This study evaluated the anti-quorum sensing activity of leaf extract of Impatience balsamina by examining its action on Violacein production by Chromobacterium violaceum, a biosensor strain, and Biofilm, Pyocyanin, Protease, and Chitinase production by the reference strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA 01. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA 01was 3.125mg/ml. A concentration of 1.563mg/ml (sub-MIC) showed inhibition of 100% on Las A protease, 78.42% on chitinase, 30.75% on biofilm, and 93.33% on pyocyanin production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA 01. This article displayed the quorum quenching activity of Impatience balsamina by hindering the quorum-sensing controlled characteristics of bacteria without killing it, which reduces the proneness of drug resistance in bacteria, a globally accepted emerging problem in the medical field.
Utilization of Non- Biodegradable Material for Repairing Potholes
Authors: Gosavi Shashank Nandkumar , Kadam Manthan Ravindar , Pandey Abhishek Jaynarayan , Nikam Prathamesh Vilas , Mali V. M.
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Today’s asphaltic concrete pavements are expected to perform better asthey are experiencing increased volume of traffic, increased loads and increased variations in daily or seasonal temperature over what has been experienced in the past. In addition, the performance of bituminous pavements is found to be very poor in moisture induced situations. Considering thislot of work has been done on use of additives in bituminous mixtures and as well as on modification of bitumen. Research has indicated that the addition of polymers to asphalt binders helps to increase the interfacial cohesiveness of the bond between the aggregate and the binder which can enhance many properties of the asphalt pavements to help meet these increased demands. However, the additive that isto be used for modification of mix or binder should satisfy both the strength requirements as well as economic aspects. Plastics are everywhere in today’s lifestyle and are growing rapidly throughout particularly in a developing country like India. As these are non-biodegradable there is a major problem posed to the society with regard to the management of these solid wastes. This plastic waste coated aggregate is mixed with hot bitumen andtheresultedmixisusedforroadconstruction.Theuseoftheinnovativetechnology willnotonly strengthen the road construction but also increase the road life as well as will help to improve the environment. Plastic roads would be a boon for India’s hot and extremely humid climate, where temperatures frequently cross 50°C and torrential rains create havoc, leaving most of the roads with big potholes.
Comparative Study of Waffle Slab with Bracing System and Conventional Slabs without Bracing System
Authors: Singh Shivani , Mishra Vinayak
Published: August 2022

Abstract: The analysis and design of structures are influenced by earthquake ground motion. The objective of this work is to analyse a commercial building with two different slab configurations, including conventional slabs, grid/waffle slabs and structures with bracings. The bracing system allows load to be transmitted from the frame to the braces, increasing the structure's capacity to withstand lateral loads. Time history analysis is performed in order to study the impact of seismic loads on structures with two different slab layouts using ETABS software. Storey drift, stiffness, joint displacement and storey displacement are among the parameters that have an influence on a structure's performance and are vital in determining how building will respond under seismic loads and other load combinations. IS 456-2000 code is taken into consideration for designing purpose. Live loads are taken in accordance to IS 875-part 1 and earthquake analysis is performed according to IS 1893-2016 Part 1. Results are depicted in the form of graphs and tables in the research paper. The outcome demonstrates that waffle slab with bracing system in terms of displacement and drift shows better performance, in contrast to alternative slab arrangements utilized in the seismic evaluation of the buildings.
Peran Aktif Amerika Serikat Era Joe Biden dalam Konflik Palestina dan Israel
Authors: Muntasyir Muhammad Badry
Published: August 2022

Konflik antara Palestina dan Israel telah terjadi lebih dari setengah abad dan tidak kunjung terselesaikan hingga saat ini. Konflik yang dilatarbelakangi oleh berbagai faktor seperti teologi, ekonomi, dan politik tersebut menyita perhatian dunia yang mendorong perlunya intervensi dari negara lain dalam penyelesaian konflik. Amerika Serikat (AS) yang merupakan hegemon dunia telah lama terlibat sebagai mediator dalam konflik ini. Namun, kebijakan AS selalu berubah-ubah seiring dengan pergantian kepemimpinan di negara adidaya tersebut. Penelitian yang bersifat kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data melalui studi literatur dan data sekunder ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran aktif Amerika Serikat era Joe Biden dalam konflik berkepanjangan antara Palestina dan Israel. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa AS era Joe Biden berada di posisi tengah antara Palestina dan Israel dengan mengusung two-state solution yang lebih objektif dibandingkan AS pada era Donald Trump yang sangat pro-Israel.  Namun, berbagai kepentingan AS terhadap Israel yang merupakan sekutunya menjadi sebuah paradoks yang menunjukkan tendensi AS kepada Israel dalam proses resolusi konflik melalui berbagai kebijakan.
Security Dilemma: Indonesia Dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Kawasan Segitiga Emas (The Golden Triangle) di Asean
Authors: Srifauzi Aulia , Azhimi Nurul , Lubis M. Ikrar Mahendra
Published: August 2022

Hingga kini, Indonesia masih menghadapi tantangan dinamika perdagangan gelap narkotika (drugs traffiking) di kawasan ASEAN  dengan adanya 3 negara pengedar opimum yang disebut sebagai kawasan segitiga emas (The Golden Triangle) meliputi negara Myanmar, Thailand, dan Laos di ASEAN. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengamati Indonesia sebagai salah satu sasaran dalam penyeludupan drugs trafficking dikarenakan Indonesia masuk kedalam posisi strategis perdagangan Internasional di Asia Tenggara. Dalam menjawab penelitian ini penulis menggunakan penelitian kualitatif menggunakan library researh dengan melakukan penelusuran akademis mengenai kawasan segitiga emas dan dokumen terkait posisi Indonesia dalam menghadapi tantangan di ASEAN untuk memahami, dan menafsirkan serta mengurutkan hasil penelitian dari fenomena jalur segitiga emas (the golden triangle). Penulis menggunakan teori Security Dilemma secara khusus membahas paradigma kebutuhan negara akan rasa aman dari ancaman negara lain. Berdasarkan analisis dari data yang dikumpulkan Indonesia dalam menghadapi security dilema di ASEAN dikarenakan belum optimalnya penganggulangan keamanan kolektif di ASEAN dengan adanya prinsip non intervensi di ASEAN (ASEAN WAY). Walaupun Indonesia telah melakukan upaya untuk mencegah perdagangan gelap narkotika Indonesia belum memprioritaskan masalah drugs trafficking kedalam diplomasi luar negerinya. Untuk mewujudkan solusi nyata, Indonesia perlu melakukan kerjasama kolektif bersama negara lain dalam menghadapi tantangan drugs trafficking.
The Challenges of Gender Mainstreaming in Community Development Projects in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Self-Help Groups in Rural India
Authors: Simatupang Helga Yohana
Published: August 2022

In many developing countries, women are commonly married young, quickly become mothers, and then burdened by domestic work and financial responsibilities. As a result of these conditions, we now live in a world where women are living in poverty and are subjected to injustices and discrimination. This paper aims to examine the critical roles of women and the importance of their involvement in decision-making processes, including the challenges, failures, and success stories in implementing gender-just development strategies in developing countries, specifically India. Since India has been the world's second-most-populous country, the majority of people live in rural areas and millions face extreme poverty. The country is now in a process of rapid economic development, but it faces complex and enduring internal problems, such as those around the caste system. The gap between rich and poor in India is vast. This research uses a qualitative method with the help of a literature review that supports adequate analysis and discussion of the material in this research. In India, where a patriarchal system is deeply entrenched,women have long been denied the legal right to own land. Over the years, several strategies have been created to empower women. One of them is starting Self-Help Groups (SHGs) which are created by governmental organizations that generally have broad anti-poverty agendas. The goal of SHGs is to bridge the gap between high-caste and low-caste members. But in fact, the group members mainly belong to the backward and most backward castes, and they collectively form a category known as 'marginalized'. Investing in women's economic empowerment sets a direct path towards gender equality, poverty eradication, and inclusive economic growth. But they also remain disproportionately affected by poverty, discrimination, and exploitation.Are these women only seen as important end-users and beneficiaries to have a better life within the existing patriarchal system?
Sistema de gestión de energía para una microrred con almacenamiento en baterías e incorporación de biomasa
Authors: Deluque Pinto Albert , Pérez González Ernesto , Gutiérrez Ramírez Gail
Published: August 2022

La implementación de fuentes no convencionales de generación de energía eléctrica se ha realizado por medio de microrredes, en las cuales los sistemas de gestión de energía juegan un papel importante, ya que, por medio de estos, se busca el suministro económico de potencia a la carga. El objetivo de este estudio fue el desarrollo de un sistema de gestión de energía que considera el comportamiento de un sistema gasificador-generador mediante el uso de modelos matemáticos en la generación de electricidad basada en biomasa en una microrred con inclusión de fuentes convencionales y no convencionales de generación de energía eléctrica, almacenamiento en baterías, respuesta a la demanda y conexión a la red para el suministro económico de potencia a la carga. Para ello, se realizó la formulación matemática, tanto de la función objetivo de optimización, como de las restricciones de las fuentes y cargas que componen la microrred, y se implementó un algoritmo en Matlab para la ejecución de simulaciones y obtención de resultados, los cuales mostraron que el sistema de gestión opera satisfactoriamente a la microrred aislada y conectada a la red, aprovechando la fuente de biomasa para atender a la carga en un entorno de operación económica, combinando cada una de las fuentes y almacenamiento que componen el sistema. Finalmente, el uso de modelos matemáticos permite la incorporación del comportamiento de fuentes como la biomasa en la generación de potencia para diferentes valores de parámetros como la humedad de la biomasa y el factor de aire en esquemas de gestión económica de microrredes.
As Contribuições do Pibid para a Formação Docente: uma análise a partir das práticas adotadas no ensino remoto emergencial
Authors: Freitas Maria Luziana Costa de , Ferreira Leonardo Chaves , Pereira Antonia Suele de Souza Alves
Published: August 2022

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as contribuições do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (Pibid) para a formação inicial docente, a partir das práticas adotadas pelos bolsistas do subprojeto de Letras - Língua Portuguesa da Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira (Unilab), durante o contexto do Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE). Para darmos conta desse objetivo, adotamos algumas noções teóricas sobre as contribuições do Programa à formação (TARDIF, 2007; BRITO, 2012) e sobre os desafios nas práticas pedagógicas adotadas no ERE (GARCIA et al., 2020). Em termos metodológicos, após levantamento bibliográfico, aplicou-se um questionário, por meio do formulário eletrônico, que se dividia nas seguintes seções: (1) As práticas utilizadas no Ensino Remoto Emergencial; (2) Avaliação pessoal das contribuições do Programa para a formação profissional na pandemia. Como resultado, constatou-se que o Pibid durante a pandemia, no Subprojeto Letras/Unilab/Ceará, manteve a sua coerência, permitindo ao futuro professor articular seus conhecimentos nos campos práticos da educação.
A sequência didática através das metodologias ativas para o ensino de biologia e suas contribuições na formação docente de bolsistas do Pibid
Authors: Correia Thávyla Ellen Duarte , Oliveira Larissa Kênia Silva , Silva Lívia Rodriguês da , Santos Wesley Henrique Medeiros dos , Barbosa Monaliza Silva Amorim , Luna Karla Patrícia de Oliveira
Published: August 2022

As Sequências Didáticas (SD) são válidas para o ofício docente, e com as Metodologias Ativas (MA) tornam-se ferramentas úteis para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Assim, analisou-se a estruturação desses mecanismos por um relato de experiência de bolsistas Pibid de Biologia/Química, a qual uma SD com MA foi empregada na educação básica. Nesse viés, encontros e ações didáticas foram propostas refletindo pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos da literatura, mobilizando os conhecimentos prévios, objetivos educacionais, a pesquisa, contextualização e outros assuntos capazes de serem adaptados ao contexto social. Sendo vultoso, a inclusão da SD para propor mudanças e encorajar profissionais da área educacional a refazer seus planejamentos e construir saberes pedagógicos desde a formação inicial.
Relationship between Emotional Intelligence, Maternal Accuracy in the Perception of Infant Emotions, and Parenting Difficulties
Authors: Ishii Ryo , Obara Tomoko
Published: August 2022

This study examined age-related differences in the relationship between parenting difficulties, a mother’s emotional intelligence, and the accuracy of a mother’s perception of her infant’s emotions. Specifically, this study compares three aged-based conditions: (1) infants at the age of three months, when their emotions are undifferentiated, (2) infants at six months, when emotional differentiation is underway, the target is in mutual interaction and triadic interaction begins, and (3) infants at nine months, when their subjective world begins to develop an understanding of the intention of others. A semi-structured interview using controlled VTR stimulation and a questionnaire survey were administered to 74 first-time mothers of infants. In the interview, each mother was asked about the infant’s feelings in the VTR and what might explain the infant’s emotions. The results of a correlation analysis showed consistent negative moderate correlation between the mother’s parenting difficulties and her emotional intelligence, regardless of the infants’ age. On the other hand, the partial correlation between the accuracy of a mother’s reading of infant emotions and parenting difficulties, controlled for emotional intelligence, showed differences by infant age. Although there was almost no correlation for mothers with a six-month-old infant, mothers with a three-month-old infant showed a positive correlation and mothers with a nine-month-old infant showed a negative correlation. The participants’ accounts of the VTR also indicated the mechanism of those age differences. The findings of this research reveal a part of the developmental process of a mother and provide knowledge concerning childcare support.
Assessment of an oocyte retrieval simulation training program for residents: from training to clinical practice
Authors: Watelet Amelie , Brilland Benoit , Hachem Hady El , Dreux Cecile , Jeanneteau Pauline , Legendre Guillaume , Descamps Philippe , May-Panloup Pascale , bouet pierre-emmanuel
Published: August 2022

Objective: To assess the impact of an oocyte retrieval simulation
training program (ORSTP) on the clinical performance of residents.
Design: Prospective comparative study. Setting: A tertiary care center.
Population: All OR performed by residents between May 2017 and November
2020. Methods & main outcome measures: The Simulation (S) group
included OR performed by residents who had undergone an ORSTP before
performing them on patients (n=422) and the control (C) group included
OR performed by residents who had not received prior simulation training
(n= 329). Our main outcome measure was the OR rate (ORR) (number of
oocytes collected/number of follicles aspirated) during the first 3
months of the rotation. Results: In the S group, 6 residents aspirated
657 ovaries while in the C group, 5 residents aspirated 508 ovaries. The
mean ORR during the first 3 months of rotation were comparable between
the S and C groups (59% vs 58%). ORR during the first and second
month, and at the end of the rotation were also comparable between the S
and C groups (54% vs 63%, 58% vs 59% et 58% vs 58%, respectively).
There was no significant difference in the rate of failed OR (3.3% vs
1.8%) between the S and C groups. Finally, 16% of residents in the S
group reported being stressed before their first OR compared to 40% in
the C group. Conclusions: The ORSTP does not improve the residents’
clinical performance, but it could decrease their stress in clinical
practice.
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia: In the Setting of Staphylococcus aureus Endocarditis
Authors: Mull Eric , Cohen Sarah , George Ashish , Krivchenia Katelyn , Druhan Stephen , Baker Peter , Kopp Benjamin
Published: August 2022

Although COP is idiopathic by definition, it is important to investigate
each diagnosed case for potential causes, such as iatrogenic from
radiation or known causative medications ,
connective tissue diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, malignancies,
history of lung transplant or bone marrow graft. OP may present weeks to
months before other signs of connective tissue disorders and therefore
the patient should undergo serologic testing for these diseases.
In the case presented, the specific
etiology was unyielding and so remains cryptogenic in nature. This
patient’s symptoms quickly improved following the use of steroids and
tolerated tapering off completely without relapse one year out from
initial diagnosis.
FOOD ALLERGEN SENSITIVITY AND THE PROGNOSIS OF WHEEZING IN CHILDREN
Authors: Yilmaz Ozge , Patino Cecilia , Taneli Fatma , kanık Esra Toprak , Turkeli Ahmet , Gozukara Ceyhun , Irmak Sezen , Yüksel Hasan
Published: August 2022

Background : We aimed to investigate food allergen
sensitization as a prognostic factor of new onset wheezing episodes as
well as of wheezing severity during follow up in young children with
recurrent wheezing. Our secondary aim was to compare serum levels of
Club Cell-16 (CC-16) and surfactant protein D (SP-D) among wheezing
children with and without food allergen sensitization as potential
pathogenetic indicators of the association between food allergen
sensitivity and wheezing. Methods : This was a prospective
cohort study among children with recurrent wheezing; specific-IgE to
five common foods allergens was assessed at baseline and children were
followed-up for one year for new onset wheezing episodes. Baseline
wheezing severity score, CC-16 and SP-D levels were measured.
Results : We enrolled 295 children among which 44 were food
specific IgE (Fx5) (+). Poisson regression analysis with food allergen
sensitivity, age and wheezing score at presentation revealed that Fx5
positivity changed yearly frequency of wheeze by a factor of 1.66
(p=0.05, 95%CI: (0.99-2.75)). Age changed the yearly frequency of
wheeze by a factor of 0.95 (p=0.005, 95%CI: (0.92-0.99)). One-point
change in wheezing score at presentation changed the wheezing frequency
in the following year by a factor of 1.11 (p=0.005, 95%CI:
(0.67-1.99)). Levels of CC-16 and SP-D were not significantly different
between the two groups (p=0.679 and p=0.988). Conclusion : Food
allergen sensitization defined as serum specific IgE positivity
irrespective of food associated clinical allergy findings is associated
with worse prognosis of wheezing in children.
Exogenous calcium regulates the growth and development of Pinus massoniana detecting by physiological, proteomic, and calcium-related genes expression analysis
Authors: Liu Jiyun , Hu WenJun , Liu Tingwu , Zhu ChunQuan , Jiang Chenkai , Wu Qian , Chen Lin , Lu Hongling , Shen Guoxin , Zheng Hailei
Published: August 2022

In the presented study, a combined physiology, proteomics and gene
expression study was performed using P. massoniana seedlings
cultivated at various calcium levels. The aim of the study is to
investigate the impacts of exogenous calcium on P. massoniana
seedling growth and development and to reveal the underlying molecular
mechanisms. The results showed that calcium deficiency lead to severe
seedling growth and development inhibition while adequate exogenous
calcium markedly improved the growth and development. The underlying
mechanisms involved diverse calcium influenced biological processes and
metabolism pathways including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism
and energy production, protein metabolism, secondary metabolism and
calcium signal transduction and calcium ion homeostasis. In general,
calcium deficiency inhibited or impaired these pathways and processes,
while sufficient exogenous calcium improved and benefited these cellular
events through regulating a number of related enzymes and proteins.
Besides, adequate exogenous calcium supply relieved oxidation stress
which occurred at low calcium level. Enhanced cell wall formation and
consolidation and cell division also play a role in exogenous calcium
improved P. massoniana seedling growth and development. Our study
facilitates the elucidation of the potential regulatory role of calcium
in P. massoniana physiology and biology and is of guiding
significance in pinaceae plants forestry.
A universal coexistence hypothesis resolves the biodiversity paradox: Species differences that generate diverse forests
Authors: Clark James , Clark Adam , Courbaud Benoit , Fortunel Claire , Girard-Tercieux Camille , Kunstler Georges , Maréchaux Isabelle , Rüger Nadja , Vieilledent Ghislain
Published: August 2022

Ecological theory aims to understand how and why species differences
allow competitors to coexist, but explanations remain inconsistent with
data. Tightly constrained parameter tradeoffs needed for coexistence in
models contrast with evidence that forests can support high diversity
and be invaded repeatedly by species that lack specialized tradeoffs. By
translating environmental responses to individual covariance, a
universal coexistence hypothesis shows i) that species differences lead
to a natural tendency to concentrate competition within the species, the
common feature needed to promote coexistence in models, and ii) the
fingerprint of this effect is available in covariances between
individuals that can be observed in nature. The many ways in which
species differ make high diversity almost inevitable. This covariance
not only provides the evidence for this mechanism; it further provides a
new direction for earth surface models that currently cannot sustain
diverse communities despite large numbers of evidence-based parameters.
A GRAIN DIET SUPPLEMENTED WITH INSECTS RATHER THAN FRUITS SUPPORTS A MORE ROBUST BODY CONDITION IN AN OMNIVOROUS TROPICAL SONGBIRD
Authors: SIMON OJODOMO , Manu Shiiwua , Nwaogu Chima , Omotoriogun Taiwo
Published: August 2022

1. Omnivores utilise dietary sources which differ in nutrients, hence
dietary restrictions due to environmental change or habitat alteration
should cause nutrient limitations; and thus, deterioration of body
condition if omnivory is obligate. 2. We investigated how the body
condition of the Village weaver Ploceus cucullatus (weavers), which
forages predominantly on grains, responds to insects and fruits
deprivation. 3. Forty wild-caught weavers held in aviaries were fed a
combination of grains and fruits, or grains and insects ad libitum for
eight weeks. We confirmed diet preference by recording the number of
foragers on each diet option per minute for one hour and the amount of
food left-over after 3 hours of foraging. Fortnightly, we assessed
indices of body condition including body mass, pectoral muscle, and fat
scores, Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and Haemoglobin Concentration (HBC). We
modelled the number of foragers, food left-over and body condition as
functions of diet, while accounting for time (weeks) and sex effects. 4.
We confirmed grains as the preferred diet and found that males ate more
fruits and insects than females. Weavers fed on grains and fruits lost
body and pectoral muscle mass and accumulated less fat than those fed on
grains and insects. This effect was sex-dependent: females deprived of
insects lost more pectoral muscle mass than males of the same group and
males but not females, deprived of fruits accumulated more fat reserve
than those deprived of insects. PCV and HBC did not differ between diets
but increased over the eight weeks. 5. Weavers are likely obligate
rather than facultative omnivores, with insects as being a more
nutritive supplement than fruits. We conclude that nutrient limitation
arising from environmental change or habitat alteration can impair body
condition and affect physiological response to environmental seasonality
in other obligate omnivores like the weavers.
Factors affecting spatiotemporal patterns of nest site selection and abundance in diamondback terrapins
Authors: Levasseur Patricia , Prescott Robert , Faherty Mark , Sutherland Chris
Published: August 2022

Determining what factors influence the distribution and abundance of
wildlife populations is crucial for implementing effective conservation
and management actions. Yet, for species with dynamic seasonal, sex-,
and age-specific spatial ecology, like the diamondback terrapin
(Malaclemys terrapin; DBT), doing so can be challenging. Moreover,
environmental factors that influence the distribution and abundance of
DBT in their northernmost range have not been quantitatively
characterized. We investigated proximity to nesting habitat as one
potential driver of spatiotemporal variation in abundance in a
three-step analytical approach. First, we used a scale selection
Resource Selection Function (RSF) approach based on NLCD landcover data
to identify the scale at which DBT are selecting for (or avoiding)
landcover types to nest. Next, we used RSF to predict areas of suitable
nesting habitat and created an index of nest suitability (NSI). Finally,
analyzing visual count data using a generalized linear mixed model
(GLMM), we investigate spatiotemporal drivers of relative abundance,
with a specific focus on whether similar factors affect offshore
abundance and onshore nest site selection. We found the scale of
selection for developed and saltmarsh land use classes to be 500 m and
525 m and coniferous, beach and open water land use classes to be 100 m.
Selection was positive for nesting areas proximal to saltmarsh and beach
habitat and negative for developed, coniferous and open water. Expected
relative abundance was best explained by the interaction between NSI and
day of season, where expected relative abundance was greater within high
NSI areas during the nesting season (2.30 individuals, CI: 1.29 – 4.10)
compared to areas of low NSI (1.99 individuals, CI: 1.27 – 3.13). Our
results provide evidence that inferred spatial patterns of suitable
nesting habitat explain spatiotemporal patterns of terrapin movement and
abundance.
Spontaneous Regression of Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma in a Pediatric Patient with Ataxia-Telangiectasia: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Al-Battashi Abeer , Abla Dima , Bayroti Khalil Al , Qasida Khuloud Abu , Al-Rahbi Nasser
Published: August 2022

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is an uncommon subtype of
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) in children with less than 20 cases
reported in the literature. In this paper, we present a case of AITL in
a three years old male with Ataxia-Telangiectasia which regressed
spontaneously without any therapy. A comprehensive review of the
literature regarding treatment and outcome of pediatric patients with
AITL has been also discussed in this article.
Analysis of flow structure of tunnel fire based on modal decomposition
Authors: Chen Minggao , Mao Jun , Xi Yanhong
Published: August 2022

In order to study the large scale flow structure of fire smoke in tunnels, this paper uses the excellent ability of proper orthogonal decomposition for the first time to extract flow field structure, processes the flow field data obtained from numerical simulation, obtains the 2-D and 3-D large-scale flow structure of fire smoke in tunnels and analyzes it. The proper orthogonal decomposition of temperature and velocity pulsation field shows that the proportion of first-order modal energy in temperature field is much higher than that in velocity field, indicating that the flow structure of velocity field is more complex than that of temperature field. Through modal phase analysis and modal decomposition of 3-D flow field, the influence of mode on fire smoke flow is recognized, and the understanding of tunnel fire smoke flow structure is deepened. The low-order mode is closely related to smoke flow. The increase of fire power has little effect on the reconstruction of flow field, and the cross-section energy recovery ratio near the fire source is higher under the same fire power.