bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolution and Transformation of the Central Place Theory in E-Business: China’s C2C Online Game Marketing
Authors: Li Qiang , Liu Qing , Guo Xiaona , Xu Shuo , Liu Jingyu , Lu Heli
Published: April 2019

In contemporary studies in areas such as the field of classical theory, there has been an increasing emphasis on E-Business. In this study, we examine central place theory principles using China’s consumer-to-consumer online game marketing as a case of E-business. The results indicate that virtual goods in China’s C2C online game marketing are distributed in areas with high economic development and where residents have high purchasing power. Further, we found that the transmission capacity of virtual goods is affected by the level of telecommunication services because they are transmitted through information flow. Such effects illustrate that virtual goods are no longer affected by spatial distance and traffic conditions because virtual goods do not need to be touched; however, they are still affected by market forces. We conclude that there are key differences between the marketing and transport principles of CPT based on the hierarchical model describing new internal and external relations and the level of complexity in E-Business processes.
A Holistic Overview of Qatar’s (Built) Cultural Heritage; Towards an Integrated Sustainable Conservation Strategy
Authors: Fadli Fodil , AlSaeed Mahmoud
Published: April 2019

Historic urban cores are the backbone of a city’s cultural identity. Maintaining and preserving the socio-cultural, environmental and economic characteristics of the built heritage is vital for cultural identity survival. The Gulf region gathered important architectural and urban richness observed through the massive military towers, mosques, houses, palaces and grand souks. The state of Qatar is under huge pressure to preserve its cultural identity, which resulted from the rapid development, population growth, urban expansion and economic boom since the 1970s. The cities of Qatar are facing difficult challenges to preserve the cultural identity and built heritage without compromising the need for development. Consequently, this study aims to define a set of heritage restoration-preservation tools and an integrated sustainable conservation strategy as part of deliberate planning and design processes. This, certainly, will help achieve sustainable future scenarios for the survival of vernacular architecture and historic buildings in Qatar through their sustained adaptive (re)use.
Shifts in the Microbial Community of Activated Sludge with Different COD/N Ratios or Dissolved Oxygen Levels in Tibet, China
Authors: Xu Jin , Wang Peifang , Li Yi , Niu Lihua , Xing Zhen
Published: April 2019

In this study, we examined the influence of the organic carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (chemical oxygen demand (COD/N)) and dissolved oxygen (DO) levels on the removal efficiency of pollutants and on the change in total microflora in the cyclic activated sludge system (CASS) in the Nyingchi prefecture in Tibet. The results demonstrated that the treatment performance was the best when the COD/N ratio was 7:1 or the DO levels were 2–2.5 mg/L in comparison with four different tested COD/N ratios (4:1, 5:1, 7:1, and 10:1) and DO concentrations (0.5–1, 1–2, 2–2.5, and 2.5–3.5 mg/L). The treatment performance can be explained by the relative operational taxonomic unit richness and evenness of the microbial communities in activated sludge. Evident microbial variance was observed, especially different COD/N ratios and DO concentrations, which were conducive to the disposal of urban sewage in plateaus. The results help to understand sewage treatment under different COD/N ratios or DO concentrations on plateaus. This work provides practical guidance for the operation of any wastewater treatment plant on a plateau.
Developing a Framework for the Implementation of Landscape and Greenspace Indicators in Sustainable Urban Planning. Waterfront Landscape Management: Case Studies in Gdańsk, Poznań and Bristol
Authors: Badach Joanna , Raszeja Elżbieta
Published: April 2019

Urban landscape (UL) management and urban greenspace (UG) delivery require effective planning tools. The aim of the study is to develop a conceptual framework for the implementation of ecological, structural and visual landscape and greenspace indicators (LGI) in spatial development of urban areas. The UL and UG management provisions in Poland are identified at various levels of urban planning (local, municipal and regional). Furthermore, the applicability of the selected set of LGI in the Polish planning system is considered based on the existing planning documents. The quality of UL and UG transformation is discussed in three case studies in Bristol, Gdańsk and Poznań in the broader context of the English and Polish spatial planning systems. Bristol is used as a point of reference for the evaluation of UL and UG management in Poland and for the comparison between English and Polish landscape policies. Based on the conceptual framework and the analysis of the case studies, critical areas of UL and UG management in Poland are identified. The existing planning system often fails to ensure the continuity of landscape structures, and it does not include its preservation and enhancement to a sufficient extent. Therefore, the implementation of the proposed LGI framework could significantly improve the ecological and visual quality, as well as the structural diversity of UL and UG. Moreover, the article concludes by indicating some practical implications of the proposed LGI framework for urban planners, policy makers and other stakeholders in terms of improving the modes of governance for UL and UG management as well as of accounting for human health and well-being.
Dynamic Assessment of Environmental Efficiency in Chinese Industry: A Multiple DEA Model with a Gini Criterion Approach
Authors: Xie Li , Chen Chunlin , Yu Yihua
Published: April 2019

While China’s rapid industrialization has brought great pressure on environmental pollution, great variations appear in terms of environmental pollution levels among industries. The effective assessment of the environmental performance of different industries is not only conducive to identifying the major sources of pollution in China but also of great significance to the Chinese government in formulating differentiated industry environmental control policies in a targeted manner. Using data of 36 Chinese industries from 2006 to 2015 and a multiple data envelopment analysis (DEA) with a Gini criterion as well as a systematic clustering approach, this study first calculates the environmental efficiency score of Chinese industries and then identifies those pollution sources based on a ranking and clustering analysis. The main result indicates that the ranking of environmental efficiency of various industries overall varies greatly by time. In addition, using a clustering analysis, this study finds that 13 labor-intensive light industries and heavy chemical industries with high energy use and high emissions are medium- and high-pollution industries. Important policy implications are drawn to achieve green industrial development.
The Impact of Tourism Quality on Economic Development and Environment: Evidence from Mediterranean Countries
Authors: Ren Taizeng , Can Muhlis , Paramati Sudharshan Reddy , Fang Jianchun , Wu Wanshan
Published: April 2019

This paper is the first of its kind to measure the income level of a country’s tourist arrival and empirically examine its impact on economic growth and environmental pollution in a sample of eight Mediterranean countries. The paper undertakes annual data from 1995 to 2014 and employs quantile regression models, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) estimations, and a heterogeneity causality test. The empirical results show that the income level of a country’s tourist arrival, across all quantiles, plays an important role in promoting economic development. However, the role of the income level of a country’s tourist arrival on environmental pollution varies with the changes in quantiles. More specifically, income level of a country’s tourist arrival has a positive impact on environmental pollution for the lower quantiles, while it has a negative impact for higher quantiles. The findings from panel ARDL models confirm that the income level of a country’s tourist arrival has positive and negative impacts on economic growth and emissions, respectively. Given these results, these findings provide information to take the necessary actions to ensure sustainable tourism development, i.e., the expansion of the tourism industry without harming the environment in the Mediterranean countries.
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and China’s Belt and Road Initiative in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Li Yuanbo , Zhu Xufeng
Published: April 2019

During the initial implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (the 2030 Agenda), the Second Ministerial Meeting of the Forum of China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) was held in Santiago, Chile, in January 2018. During this forum, China officially invited 33 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) to join the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). This study links three important global governance issues: The 2030 Agenda, China-LAC relations and BRI. The authors attempt to analyze how China’s BRI in the LAC region can learn from the 2030 Agenda of the United Nations with 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs). This study shows that although China and the LAC region have strong political, economic and trade relationships, they must deepen dialogues and cooperation on sustainable development, especially the 2030 Agenda with 17 SDGs, which can be inspirations for China’s BRI in this region. BRI, which aligns with the 2030 Agenda and contributes to Chinese experience in development, can generate new opportunities for the LAC region to implement such an agenda. However, the challenges and risks of BRI cannot be ignored, and adequate answers and solutions should be provided to allow BRI to achieve a win–win outcome for China and LAC countries. The authors also examine the alignment of China’s policies towards LAC and BRI with the 2030 Agenda (17 SDGs) and the involvement of each SDG in these policies as the 2030 Agenda (17 SDGs) should be considered in policy-making for China’s BRI in the LAC region. Moreover, on the basis of previous analyses, suggestions for a successful BRI in the LAC region in six sectors are proposed in the context the 2030 Agenda.
Municipal Social Responsibility of Statutory Cities in the Czech Republic
Authors: Tetrevova Libena , Jelinkova Martina
Published: April 2019

Application of the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is demanded of an ever-wider range of entities as time goes by, among which are municipalities. However, the topic of social responsibility of municipalities stands outside of the bounds of mainstream research. This article presents the results of a study, the objective of which was to identify the socially responsible practices applied by the statutory cities in the Czech Republic, in order to analyse and evaluate the scope and structure of socially responsible activities performed by them and communicated on the internet. The study shows that statutory cities in the Czech Republic perform similar activities to those performed by enterprises within the framework of application of the concept of CSR, this being in the field of economic, environmental, ethical, social and philanthropic responsibility. They perform and communicate economic responsibility activities to the greatest extent and, by contrast, ethical responsibility activities to the least extent. Examples of good practice in performance and communication of these activities on the internet are documented in the article using the example of the City of Pardubice.
The Mediating Role of Environmental Innovation on Knowledge Acquisition and Corporate Performance Relationship—A Study of SMEs in China
Authors: Guo Ying , Wang Lifang , Wang Miao , Zhang Xiaodi
Published: April 2019

Open innovation theory believes that external knowledge acquisition is the key to gaining competitive advantage. This research aimed to examine the relationship between external knowledge acquisition, environmental innovation, and performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This study divides the external knowledge acquisition of enterprises into external technical knowledge acquisition and external market knowledge acquisition, and examines this theoretical framework with environmental innovation as a mediator. Using a sample of 416 Chinese SMEs, empirical results revealed that high levels of technical knowledge acquisition and market knowledge acquisition were positively related to SMEs’ performance. The positive impact of technical knowledge acquisition is mainly embodied through economic performance; the positive impact of market knowledge acquisition is mainly embodied through environment performance. Meanwhile, environmental innovation plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between external knowledge acquisition and enterprise performance; environmental performance plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between environmental innovation and economic performance. This paper provides several managerial implications for managers and policy makers to improve SMEs’ performance.
Considerations on the Environmental and Social Sustainability of Animal-Based Policies
Authors: Santeramo Fabio Gaetano , Lamonaca Emilia , Tappi Marco , Di Gioia Leonardo
Published: April 2019

The contribution of the livestock sector to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as well as the worsening of animal welfare, with the intensification of production methods, have become increasingly relevant. Our contribution investigates the environmental impacts, in terms of methane and nitrous oxide emissions, of animal-based policies supported by the European Union. We examine factors affecting the adoption and the magnitude of related budget of Measure 215—animal welfare—of Rural Development Programmes 2007–2013. Our focus is cattle farming in Italy. The results highlight that the problem of animal welfare is highly perceived in regions with greater livestock intensity, also where GHG emissions are relevant. Given the adoption of measure 215, more budget tends to be allocated in regions where livestock units are particularly high. In addition, from the analysis emerges the bargaining position of regions with a higher propensity to the agricultural sector.
Acquisition of Competences for Sustainable Development through Visual Thinking. A Study in Rural Schools in Mixco, Guatemala
Authors: Carrascal Silvia , Magro Montserrat , Anguita Juana , Espada María
Published: April 2019

The acquisition of competences for sustainable development can be promoted in educational contexts through Visual Thinking. This study is based on the implementation of the Visual Arts in Education (VA.E) project and the development of a programme of socialization and training for teachers of schools in area 6 of the city of Mixco in Guatemala. The participant observation and research action are the core methodological tools to study four key competences, namely critical analysis, systemic analysis, collaborative work or work through projects, and commitment to society. The results were obtained from the analysis of the competences and capacities acquired during the training process, in which students and teachers participated and expressed through observable learning conducts or achievements. The proposal aims to contribute to the study of the impact of Visual Thinking as a tool for teaching-learning of students in rural schools, and of teaching practices based on the acquisition of competences for sustainable development that can be assumed by teachers in all educational levels and contexts.
Making a Transition toward more Mature Closed-Loop Supply Chain Management under Deep Uncertainty and Dynamic Complexity: A Methodology
Authors: Coenen Jannie , van der Heijden Rob , van Riel Allard C. R.
Published: April 2019

This article develops a methodology to empirically study and cope with deep uncertainty and dynamic complexity when the actors in a traditional supply chain make a transition toward more mature closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) management. The methodology addressed calls for innovative research and decision-making approaches in this field. Mature, in this context, refers to moving operationally and mentally away from a stochastic, one-dimensional and static approach to CLSC management, towards an exploratory, multi-dimensional and dynamic approach. To empirically study and cope with deep uncertainty and dynamic complexity in a CLSC context, a conceptual framework and related methodological toolbox are developed, together called the ‘closed-loop integration: collective keystones methodology’ (hereinafter CLICK methodology). The conceptual framework entails six maturity stages, which have been defined based on the well-known capability maturity framework and the concept of double-loop learning. Based on the conceptual framework, methods to equip the toolbox have been systematically identified and evaluated. The study identified 31 potentially appropriate methods, varying from non-participatory methods, to the active engagement of actors and stakeholders, and from analytical methods to evaluation/assessment methods.
Effects of Selected Positive Resources on Hospitality Service Quality: The Mediating Role of Work Engagement
Authors: Wang Chung-Jen , Tseng Kuan-Ju
Published: April 2019

This paper aims to investigate the mediating role of work engagement for the effects of deep acting, perceived organizational support, and self-efficacy on service quality under the conservation of resources (COR) theory and the job demands–resources (JD-R) model. Questionnaires were rigorously distributed by stratified random sampling. Data were collected from hospitality frontline employees (HFLEs) of hotels and restaurants in Taiwan during a period of two months. Structural equation modeling analyses were conducted to assess the data. Empirical results demonstrated work engagement is a significant mediator, enriching the antecedents and consequences of work engagement in hospitality literature. The findings suggest hospitality practitioners should consider a high-performance work system (HPWS) as an employee management tactic to implement sustainable human resource management (HRM). This practice can augment hospitality frontline employees’ willingness to stay in organizations in the long term and to maintain a satisfying service quality.
Disturbance Decoupling Problem: Logic-Dynamic Approach-Based Solution
Authors: Zhirabok Alexey
Published: April 2019

This paper considers the disturbance decoupling problem by the dynamic measurement feedback for discrete-time nonlinear control systems. To solve this problem, the algebraic approach, called the logic-dynamic approach, is used. Such an approach assumes that the system description may contain non-smooth functions. Necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained in terms of matrices similar to controlled and ( h , f ) -invariant functions. Furthermore, procedures are developed to determine the corresponding matrices and the dynamic measurement feedback.
Edge Detection Algorithm of a Symmetric Difference Kernel SAR Image Based on the GAN Network Model
Authors: Zhang Ziwen , Liu Yijun , Liu Tie , Li Yang , Ye Wujian
Published: April 2019

The symmetrical difference kernel SAR image edge detection algorithm based on the Canny operator can usually achieve effective edge detection of a single view image. When detecting a multi-view SAR image edge, it has the disadvantage of a low detection accuracy. An edge detection algorithm for a symmetric difference nuclear SAR image based on the GAN network model is proposed. Multi-view data of a symmetric difference nuclear SAR image are generated by the GAN network model. According to the results of multi-view data generation, an edge detection model for an arbitrary direction symmetric difference nuclear SAR image is constructed. A non-edge is eliminated by edge post-processing. The Hough transform is used to calculate the edge direction to realize the accurate detection of the edge of the SAR image. The experimental results show that the average classification accuracy of the proposed algorithm is 93.8%, 96.85% of the detection edges coincide with the correct edges, and 97.08% of the detection edges fall into the buffer of three pixel widths, whichshows that the proposed algorithm has a high accuracy of edge detection for kernel SAR images.
Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Mould Contamination of Selected Plants from Meadows Covered by the Agri-Environmental Program
Authors: Twarużek Magdalena , Dembek Romuald , Pańka Dariusz , Soszczyńska Ewelina , Zastempowska Ewa , Grajewski Jan
Published: April 2019

The aim of the study was the evaluation of selected species of meadow plants obtained from the first cut from the area covered by the agri-environmental program ‘Natura 2000’ in terms of the presence of cytotoxic compounds detected by the MTT test and the level of fungal contamination. The research was carried out on plant species that were evaluated differently in previously used methods for quality assessment of pasture feeds according to Klapp and Filipek. Twenty-six plant species were harvested in 2014 from meadows located in the valley of the Bydgoszcz Canal. Mycological examination of meadow plant samples was carried out according to PN-ISO 7954:1999. Cytotoxicity evaluation was performed using the MTT [3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] test. Selected samples were also subjected to evaluation of the endophytes occurrence in grasses using PCR. Natural meadow positions included in the study were dominated by moulds belonging to Humicola spp., Alternaria spp., Cladosporium spp., Torula spp., Fusarium spp. and Mucor spp. The highest level of fungal contamination was observed for Carex acutiformis Ehrh. The most infested grasses were Deschampsia caespitosa (L.) P.Beauv., Festuca arundinacea Schreb. and Lolium perenne L. The MTT test showed that the most cytotoxic species were Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) P.Beauv. (IC50 1.563 mg/mL) and Ranunculus repens L. (IC50 3.125 mg/mL). Epichloë endophytes were detected in one of 13 examined grass samples. Our own research suggests that previously used feed quality assessments should be verified by introducing modern methods of molecular biology and instrumental analysis. Results of this study may broaden the knowledge of the causes of problems resulting from feeding of roughage, mainly from natural meadows, and help in creating new rankings of the feed value of meadow sward components.
Whole-Genome Analysis of Human Papillomavirus Type 16 Prevalent in Japanese Women with or without Cervical Lesions
Authors: Hirose Yusuke , Onuki Mamiko , Tenjimbayashi Yuri , Yamaguchi-Naka Mayuko , Mori Seiichiro , Tasaka Nobutaka , Satoh Toyomi , Morisada Tohru , Iwata Takashi , Kiyono Tohru , Mimura Takashi , Sekizawa Akihiko , Matsumoto Koji , Kukimoto Iwao
Published: April 2019

Recent large-scale genomics studies of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have shown a high level of genomic variability of HPV16, the most prevalent genotype in HPV-associated malignancies, and provided new insights into the biological and clinical relevance of its genetic variations in cervical cancer development. Here, we performed deep sequencing analyses of the viral genome to explore genetic variations of HPV16 that are prevalent in Japan. A total of 100 complete genome sequences of HPV16 were determined from cervical specimens collected from Japanese women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cervical cancer, or without cervical malignancies. Phylogenetic analyses revealed the variant distribution in the Japanese HPV16 isolates; overall, lineage A was the most prevalent (94.0%), in which sublineage A4 was dominant (52.0%), followed by sublineage A1 (21.0%). The relative risk of sublineage A4 for cervical cancer development was significantly higher compared to sublineages A1/A2/A3 (odds ratio = 6.72, 95% confidence interval = 1.78–28.9). Interestingly, a novel cluster of variants that branched from A1/A2/A3 was observed for the Japanese HPV16 isolates, indicating that unique HPV16 variants are prevalent among Japanese women.
Surveys in the Chrysanthemum Production Areas of Brazil and Colombia Reveal That Weeds Are Potential Reservoirs of Chrysanthemum Stunt Viroid
Authors: Gobatto Danielle , de Oliveira Lucas Araújo , de Siqueira Franco Daniel Andrade , Velásquez Nubia , Daròs José-Antonio , Eiras Marcelo
Published: April 2019

The stunting disease, incited by chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd), has become a serious problem in chrysanthemum production areas worldwide. Here we identified 46 weed species from chrysanthemum fields in two producing regions of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The mechanical inoculation of these weeds with a Brazilian CSVd isolate revealed that this viroid was able to infect 17 of these species, in addition to chrysanthemum, tomato and potato. Plants of Oxalis latifolia and chrysanthemum naturally infected with CSVd were found in chrysanthemum fields in Colombia, which is the first CSVd report in that country. Therefore, weeds have the potential to act as reservoirs of CSVd in the field. These results are the first reports of experimental CSVd infection in the following species: Amaranthus viridis, Cardamine bonariensis, Chamaesyce hirta, Conyza bonariensis, Digitaria sanguinalis, Gomphrena globosa, Helianthus annuus, Lupinus polyphyllus, Mirabilis jalapa, Oxalis latifolia, Portulaca oleracea and Catharanthus roseus. The phylogenetic analyses of the CSVd variants identified herein showed three groups with Brazilian CSVd variants distributed in them all, which suggests that Brazilian CSVd isolates may have different origins through successive introductions of infected germplasm of chrysanthemum in Brazil.
A Recursive Wheel Wear and Vehicle Dynamic Performance Evolution Computational Model for Rail Vehicles with Tread Brakes
Authors: Pradhan Smitirupa , Samantaray Arun Kumar
Published: April 2019

The increased temperature of the rail wheels due to tread braking causes changes in the wheel material properties. This article considers the dynamic wheel material properties in a wheel wear evolution model by synergistically combining a multi-body dynamics vehicle model with a finite element heat transfer model. The brake power is estimated from the rail-wheel contact parameters obtained from vehicle model and used in a finite element model to estimate the average wheel temperature. The wheel temperature is then used for wheel wear computation and the worn wheel profile is fed to the vehicle model, thereby forming a recursive simulation chain. It is found that at a higher temperature, the softening of the rail-wheel material increases the rate of wheel wear. The most affected dynamic performance parameter of the vehicle is found to be the critical speed, which reduces sharply as the wheel wear exceeds a critical limit.
Methods of In Situ Assessment of Infiltration Rate Reduction in Groundwater Recharge Basins
Authors: Barquero Felix , Fichtner Thomas , Stefan Catalin
Published: April 2019

As an alternative to the use of tracers, easy-to-measure soil moisture dynamic parameters (e.g., water content) provide in situ estimates of the infiltration rate reduction state of a soil medium. For instance, managed aquifer recharge operations control the hydraulic state of their infiltration basins by measuring the infiltrated volume under constant head conditions. Instantaneous profile measurement systems can be used to manage the basins by determining the reduction of the infiltration rate over time. This study combines the empirical methods of Libardi, the self-developed water content and root mean square difference-based procedures and the trigger time method, to get a similar reproduction of tracer results from river water spreading basins. The methods based on water content showed a good fitting in comparison to the results obtained with the tracer experiment and represent a promising source for detecting changes in the flow impedance during infiltration events.
A Modified Green-Ampt Model and Parameter Determination for Water Infiltration in Fine-textured Soil with Coarse Interlayer
Authors: Chen Shuai , Mao Xiaomin , Wang Chunying
Published: April 2019

A modified Green-Ampt model was developed to simulate water infiltration in fine-textured soil with a coarse interlayer. Because under such a soil structure, the two soils may not be fully saturated during infiltration, the model introduced two parameters—that is, the saturation coefficients a and b, to reflect the incomplete saturation condition and their influence on infiltration processes. In order to analyze the variation pattern of the two parameters in the above proposed model, scenarios were set for soil column infiltration in fine-textured soil with a coarse interlayer under different buried depths. A Richards equation-based model (RE-Model) was built for simulating the above scenarios and to obtain the evolution of soil water content along the soil profiles. Simulation results show that the infiltration rate decreased to a constant value when the wetting front crossed the upper interface between the fine and coarse soil layer. The soil matrix suction (ψ2) at the upper interface remained unchanged after the wetting front advanced into the coarse layer, and the steady value of ψ2 showed a linear relationship with the buried depth of the coarse layer. Based on the simulation results of the RE-Model, a method was proposed to determine the saturation coefficients related to the relative hydraulic conductivity and water content at ψ2 in the modified Green-Ampt model. Then, the modified model was tested under various infiltration conditions with different soil layered structures, and the results showed good agreement with the experimental data.
Estimation of Urbanization Impacts on Local Weather: A Case Study in Northern China (Jing-Jin-Ji District)
Authors: Su Hui-Dong , Cao Xuejian , Wang Da-Cheng , Jia Yang-Wen , Ni Guangheng , Wang Junhua , Zhang Mingxi , Niu Cunwen
Published: April 2019

With the past rapid economic development and large population growth, Jing-Jin-Ji District has been undergoing rapid urbanization, which has caused considerable regional weather changes in local regions. In this paper, we used the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to quantitatively analyze the effects of past urbanization and potential future urbanization on the regional weather in the center of Jing-Jin-Ji District. The hydrometeorological data from two weeks in July 2019 were used to simulate the influence of urbanization on local weather in the Jing-Jin-Ji District at regional scales using a single-layer canopy parameterization scheme. To better quantify the differences in temperature and precipitation induced by urbanization, three simulation scenarios were designed, which were no urban cover (NU), current urbanization cover (CU), and full urban land cover (FU), respectively. The results showed that: (1) Urbanization progress (from NU to CU and from CU to FU) in Jing-Jin-Ji District increased the daytime temperature, night temperature, and temperature difference between day and night, while decreasing the total rainfall and peak rainfall. (2) Compared with NU, the mean temperature of the CU and FU increased 0.3 K and 0.6 K, respectively, and the mean precipitation of CU and FU decreased by approximately 6% and 8.4%, respectively. (3) The main influence of urbanization on weather was reflected by the maximum temperature and peak rainfall, while the other impacts were relatively insignificant. (4) Compared with NU, the maximum temperature of CU and FU increased 0.82 K and 1.35 K, respectively, and the peak rainfall of NU and FU decreased by approximately 9.5% and 19.0%, respectively; The results of this study bring to light the urban management strategies for policy makers.
Cosmetics and its Health Risks
Authors: Pereira Jonathas Xavier , Pereira Thais Canuto
Published: April 2019

The use of cosmetic products is increasing around the world and a variety of chemical compounds used in the manufacture of these products grows at the same time. In this way, the risk of
intoxication, allergic processes, prolonged chemical exposure, side effects and indiscriminate use are also increased. The present work aims to highlight the biological risks that cosmetics can pose to human
health against the toxic substances used in its formulation. This work is an integrative literature review structured according to the methodology described by Whittemore, R. and Knafl, K., 2005. This work
relates the main toxic chemical substances present in cosmetic products to the possible health complications reported in the scientific literature. Currently, the cosmetic industries have increased the
use of compounds with preservative action, surfactant, fragrances, stains, etc. in the formulation of
cosmetic products. Such substances potentiate the quality, property and shelf life of cosmetics, but on
the other hand, many of these substances are toxic to the human body, presenting health risks ranging
from a simple mild hypersensitivity reaction to an anaphylactic process or even a lethal intoxication. Thus,
the indiscriminate use of cosmetics may present itself as an emerging issue of public health. In view of the
above, this work seeks to encourage improvements in the search for new methodologies for quality
control in the production and consumption of cosmetic products around the world.
Three new species of Rhaphium from China, with an updated key to Chinese Rhaphium (Diptera, Dolichopodidae, Rhaphiinae)
Authors: Qilemoge Qilemoge , Wang Mengqing , Yang Ding
Published: April 2019

At present, there are 26 species in the genusRhaphiumMeigen known from China. In this paper, three species from China are described as new to science:Rhaphiumgangchanumsp. n.,Rhaphiumshaliuhensesp. n., andRhaphiumtianshuiensesp. n.A key to the Chinese species ofRhaphiumis provided.
La fabrique des programmes d’enseignement dans le supérieur
Authors: Barrier Julien , Quéré Olivier , Vanneuville Rachel
Published: April 2019

Cet article d’introduction au dossier présente les principaux enjeux théoriques et empiriques d’une sociologie du curriculum appliquée à l’enseignement supérieur. Il montre d’abord comment l’entrée par le curriculum permet de réintroduire la question des savoirs dans l’étude de l’enseignement supérieur, lieu privilégié de production, certification et transmission de savoirs théoriques et de légitimation de groupes professionnels. À partir d’une revue de littérature de travaux français et internationaux sur les curricula dans le supérieur, l’article souligne ensuite les apports de cette sociologie pour analyser les formes de production et d’institutionnalisation des savoirs, sur leur traduction en programmes d’enseignement et sur leurs effets socialisateurs. Enfin, la présentation des articles du dossier permet de mettre en lumière les enjeux politiques, les cadres institutionnels et les logiques professionnelles qui structurent les curricula.
L’individu d’abord ?
Authors: Iori Ruggero
Published: April 2019

Cet article se focalise sur le travail de formation des assistantes sociales, en regardant de près les contenus de son curriculum. Dans une optique comparée France/Italie, nous montrons les usages que les différents instituts de formation font des enseignements professionnels, en s’éloignant d’une logique scolaire et dans l’objectif de la fabrication de professionnelles assistantes sociales. À partir de l’étude de différents dispositifs mis en place à l’entrée et en cours de formation, il s’agit d’appréhender comment l’accent mis sur la « personnalité » des étudiantes produit un double regard, une homogénéisation biographique de l’étudiante et une vision singulière de l’usager de l’action sociale, dans le cadre d’une matrice disciplinaire commune aux deux pays.
Hypergamie et célibat selon le statut social en France depuis 1969
Authors: Bouchet-Valat Milan
Published: April 2019

À la suite de l’augmentation du niveau d’éducation des femmes, les couples dans lesquels la femme est plus diplômée que son conjoint sont désormais majoritaires en France : l’hypergamie féminine s’est inversée. Cet article actualise ce résultat à partir des enquêtes Emploi de l’Insee, et met en évidence une tendance similaire quoique de moindre ampleur sur le plan professionnel : la proportion de femmes appartenant à une classe sociale (classification EGP) plus élevée que leur conjoint est passée de 13 % en 1969 à 23 % en 2016. Ces tendances sont allées au-delà de ce que l’évolution de la structure de la population impliquait (hypergamie relative). En revanche, on ne relève aucune hypergamie en termes d’origine sociale. La théorie classique liant l’hypergamie à une distribution asymétrique du célibat selon le sexe est pleinement confirmée. Ainsi, si le célibat augmentait à mesure que le diplôme, la classe sociale et l’origine sociale s’élevaient chez les femmes en début de période, cette échelle s’est inversée pour les deux premières dimensions et a disparu pour la dernière. La distribution du célibat des femmes s’est globalement rapprochée de celle des hommes.
Sécurité réglée et/ou sécurité gérée : quand l’ingénierie de la résilience réinterroge l’ergonomie de l’activité
Authors: Cuvelier Lucie , D. Woods David
Published: April 2019

En 10 ans, l’émulation scientifique autour de « l’ingénierie de la résilience » a suscité de nombreux débats et mobilisé une diversité de concepts : décisions de sacrifices, compromis, marge de manœuvre, adaptabilité / variabilité, culture de sécurité… Ces différentes notions ont toutes en commun leur lien fort avec les concepts développés depuis les années 1950 dans le cadre de l’ergonomie dite « de l’activité » (Leplat & Cuny, 1977 ; Ombredane & Faverge, 1955  ; Wisner, 1972) . Bien que la distinction entre le travail prescrit et le travail réel (désormais discutée en anglais sous l’angle de l’écart entre le travail réalisé (WAD, pour « work-as-done ») et le travail imaginé (WAI, pour « work-as-imagined »)) soit un pilier de l’ergonomie francophone, les débats qu’elle engendre sont loin d’être clos, et il semble que toutes les conclusions n’ont pas été tirées de ce postulat (Duraffourg, 2003 ; Maline & Guérin, 2009). Les formulations telles que « sécurité réglée versus sécurité gérée » développées dans le domaine de la sécurité par les auteurs francophones dans la continuité du courant de l’ingénierie de la résilience, et les diverses tentatives de combiner ces deux formes de sécurité, nous invitent à discuter des positions possibles des ergonomes de l’activité (Maline & Guérin, 2009). À partir des trois orientations que Béguin (2007b, 2012) distingue dans le domaine de la conception, cet article dessine trois perspectives possibles selon les objectifs généraux que poursuivent les ergonomes face à l’écart entre le travail prescrit et le travail réel.
Les archives d’une bibliographe des sciences de l’Antiquité : Juliette Ernst et la fabrique des relations internationales
Authors: Hilbold Ilse
Published: April 2019

Bien connue du milieu spécialisé en bibliographie des sciences de l’Antiquité, Juliette Ernst a été la rédactrice, puis la directrice de L’Année philologique (APh) de 1929 jusqu’aux années 1990. J. Ernst a aussi été la secrétaire de la Fédération Internationale des Associations d’Études Classiques (FIEC) depuis sa fondation, de 1948 à 1974. Avec ses deux carrières, J. Ernst dévoile en fait un même domaine de compétences, que l’on peut résumer par la fabrique des relations internationales entre savants spécialisés en sciences de l’Antiquité. L’objet de cet article est de présenter la situation documentaire du projet de recherche sur J. Ernst, en historicisant les traces qu’hommes et femmes du monde académique ont laissées et en interrogeant en regard l’emprise qu’avait J. Ernst sur les sciences de l’Antiquité.
L’influence de l’Arte nuevo de hacer comedias de Lope de Vega dans l’usage des modèles classiques latins en Espagne pendant le Siècle d’Or et le Baroque*
Authors: López Gregoris Rosario
Published: April 2019

L’objectif de la présente recherche vise à contextualiser le moment théâtral et social dans lequel s’inscrit la preceptiva de Lope de Vega, Arte nuevo de hacer comedias (1606), et à évaluer les conséquences de son application sur le théâtre du xviie siècle. Pour ce faire, l’auteur analyse les changements introduits par Lope et leurs conséquences sur la tradition ultérieure en Espagne, qui signifieront pratiquement l’oubli des modèles classiques, en particulier des auteurs de comédie latine.
Sophoclean scholarship as a tool to interpret eighteenth-century England
Authors: Ryan Dr Cressida
Published: April 2019

Dans cet article, je vais aborder les travaux érudits sur Sophocle parus au xviiie siècle en Angleterre. Je considère que la critique textuelle et l’annotation de Sophocle montrent certains aspects de la relation entre l’érudition, l’esthétique littéraire, la religion et la politique. En cette ère de nouvelles approches de la réception classique, j’examine le texte comme réception, avec une attention particulière pour l’Œdipe à Colone de Sophocle, et indique de quelle manière le texte devient un outil pour penser son propre objet, au-delà de sa fonction d’enregistrement ou de transmission d’une ancienne représentation.
Lire Ovide au xiie siècle : Arnoul d’Orléans, commentateur des Métamorphoses
Authors: Fritz Jean-Marie , Noacco Cristina
Published: April 2019

Le commentaire d’Arnoul aux Métamorphoses d’Ovide que forment son accessus et, surtout, les Allegorie super Ovidii Metamorphosin, ouvre la voie à une vaste palette d’interprétations à caractère didactique, suivant un code tantôt courtois, tantôt religieux, mais où le point de vue essentiel est la lecture morale de la fable mythologique. La tradition manuscrite de ces textes, recopiés seuls comme une sorte de Compendium ou dans les marges du texte ovidien, couplés le plus souvent avec un autre commentaire, celui de Jean de Garlande, est complexe et révèle l’importance du travail des copistes. Dans ce type de commentaires scolaires, le copiste est plus qu’un simple scribe : il prend des initiatives, il décide de démembrer un texte antérieur et propose d’autres associations. À côté d’Ovide, l’auctor, et à côté d’Arnoul, le grammaticus ou commentator (ou glossator), il faut donc envisager la présence d’un troisième homme, la figure anonyme, et pourtant essentielle, du copiste.
Gas Chromatography and Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis of Biodiesel from Used and Unused Palm Olein Oil
Authors: Daniyan Ilesanmi Afolabi , Bello Emmanuel I. , Ogedengbe Tunde I. , Mogaji Pius B.
Published: April 2019

The need for quality control of biodiesel is important to ensure the development of a clean, trouble free and safe alternative fuel technology to fossil diesel. In this work, the gas chromatography analysis of the biodiesel produced from used frying oil was carried out using PerkinElmer Clarus 500 Gas Chromatograph (GC), fitted with a capillary split injector and Fourier Infrared Detector (FID). Also, the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy was used to determine and monitor the concentration of biodiesel produced from used and unused palm olein oil. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis was carried out using the FTIR Spectroscopy (FTIR 1-S Shimadzu, Japan, Model 4100) and Microlab software as well as Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) sample interface system. 0.5 ml of samples of the unused palm olein oil and biodiesel were taken in at the interface at a resolution of 4 cm-1 within the region of 4000 cm-1 to 400 cm-1 . The GC-MS analysis did not indicate any soap-like material, indicating that the catalyst was able to handle transesterification reaction without transition to saponification reaction. The results of the interaction between the components of the fuel samples and the radiation as a function of wavelength indicates the functional groups and the type of vibration in the fuel samples. The results obtained indicate the presence of an intense band of C=O stretching of methyl ester and O-CH3 group. It also show concentration of the five main fatty acids that are present in most biodiesel; palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids indicating the successful transesterification of palm olein oil to biodiesel.
Knowledge management in knowledge-intensive organisations: Understanding its benefits, processes, infrastructure and barriers
Authors: Mazorodze Alfred H. , Buckley Sheryl
Published: April 2019

Background: Knowledge management aims to improve organisational performance and it marks the beginning of organisational transformation. Most knowledge-intensive organisations engage and practise knowledge management without a full understanding of its benefits. A knowledge-intensive organisation is an organisation whose services and operations are heavily reliant on professional knowledge. The study, therefore, provides a solid understanding of knowledge management benefits, processes, infrastructure and barriers in knowledge-intensive organisations.Objectives: To understand knowledge management, its benefits, processes, infrastructure and barriers in knowledge-intensive organisations. The research objectives extend our understanding of knowledge management in organisations, identify and describe knowledge management benefits. Identification of the most important knowledge management process and associated infrastructure are among other objectives.Method: A survey was used to solve the problem. A structured questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data from 112 participants from knowledge-intensive firms in Namibia. The quantitative data were analysed using Microsoft Excel 2013 spreadsheet package.Results: The study has revealed that the prime benefit of knowledge management in knowledge-intensive organisations is to allow improved knowledge flow, thereby enhancing the capability of the organisation to manage change with more than 50% representation of the participants. In addition to that, the study also found that knowledge sharing is the most important knowledge management process, among other processes such as knowledge creation, knowledge capture and knowledge reuse. All the participants (100%) concurred that a flat organisational structure supports knowledge sharing. The research findings have further discovered that the biggest barrier to effective knowledge management is the lack of budget to support knowledge management efforts. This was represented by 67.9% of the participants. Lack of executive support and lack of time were also among the great barriers with 57.1% and 52.7%, respectively.Conclusion: Knowledge management allows improved knowledge flow in knowledge-intensive organisations. We can, therefore, conclude that the participants believed that knowledge sharing is more important than creation, capturing, transferring and reuse. It is, therefore, important to underscore that knowledge sharing should be taken as a priority if organisations are to remain competitive. Research results have also revealed that a flat organisational structure is the best for knowledge sharing. For improved organisational performance, knowledge management barriers must be removed with the assistance of management.
Statistical distribution of the Stern sequence
Authors: Bettin Sandro , Drappeau Sary , Spiegelhofer Lukas
Published: April 2019

We prove that the Stern diatomic sequence is asymptotically distributed according to a normal law, on a logarithmic scale. This is obtained by studying complex moments, and the analytic properties of a transfer operator.