bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influencia e impacto de las reformas educativas de Enrique Peña Nieto y Andrés Manuel López Obrador en la sociedad mexicana del siglo XXI
Authors: Bustamante Domínguez Nathali , Urías Quintero Ariel Leonel
Published: December 2023

La educación en México ha sufrido varios cambios a lo largo del recorrido de la historia, que se identifican como reformas en el sistema educativo. Desde la época de 1980 se introdujeron políticas en las leyes, para que desde la educación básica hasta el nivel superior, se incluyeran libros de texto, contenidos curriculares y formación de docentes, para así mejorar la educación en la población. Desde entonces la economía se ha impuesto sobre la educación minimizando su estatus de bien público y afectando la formación integral de niñas, niños y jóvenes; es decir, el servicio educativo está más preocupado por el capital humano que por la calidad del aprendizaje, el cual es un efecto de una educación individualista y competitiva, alejada de una realidad solidaria y comunitaria, provocando desigualdades en la sociedad y afectando el derecho humano a la educación. Así, el derecho a la educación nos permite ingresar a una institución educativa para aprender en condiciones dignas, pero para ello la comunidad debe jugar un papel imprescindible. Las pedagogías deben ir de la mano una de otra, para así poder ampliar los conocimientos y el poder de la educación. Es por ello que en el presente escrito, se hace mención de las últimas reformas educativas en nuestro país: una, basada en cambiar la forma de entender y aprender en función de mejorar la calidad educativa (Nueva Escuela Mexicana) y la otra, una reforma centrada en la capacitación y evaluación por competencias para el personal docente (Programa Sectorial de Educación).
Experiencias docentes en la pedagogía digital en educación superior: Integración de tecnologías digitales en la transición a lo virtual
Authors: Vázquez Rodríguez Rafael , Flores Pizarro Isaac
Published: December 2023

La emergencia sanitaria trajo consigo varios cambios en la sociedad actual como lo es la transición de una modalidad presencial a lo virtual, presentando desafíos a los docentes de educación superior como es la obtención de competencias en el manejo de herramientas que apoyen en la práctica docente. Se abordaron conceptos como sustento teórico de la investigación: TIC, modalidad virtual, competencias digitales docentes, herramientas digitales y clases virtuales: síncrona y asíncrona. El objetivo de la investigación es: Analizar las experiencias docentes en su práctica pedagógica durante la transición de presencial a virtual durante la emergencia sanitaria del año 2020 en educación superior. La interpretación de los resultados arrojó 4 categorías: traslado, clase virtual, capacitaciones y herramientas. Se concluyó que el uso de herramientas digitales no simboliza la totalidad de las enseñanzas dentro del aula virtual, ya que se tienen que integrar simultáneamente a un entorno de pedagogía digital.
La educación inclusiva en las escuelas primarias multigrado en el municipio de Guadalupe y Calvo, estado de Chihuahua (marzo de 2023)
Authors: DE SANTIAGO ACOSTA MYRIAM EDITH
Published: December 2023

En este trabajo se pretende determinar el impacto que ha tenido en alumnos con necesidades educativas especiales (nee) la falta de estrategias personalizadas y adecuadas impartidas por los docentes de los planteles estudiados. Los participantes fueron la totalidad de la comunidad educativa de las tres escuelas de educación básica de la microrregión de San Julián, Zona 154, Sector 31, las cuales están ubicadas en la sierra Tarahumara del estado de Chihuahua. El método de la investigación es totalmente fenomenológico y la recolección de datos, se dio mediante entrevistas con padres y madres de familia de niños con nee, así como entrevistas a estudiantes, docentes y directivos de los planteles. Los resultados nos indican que hay desconocimiento por parte de la comunidad educativa acerca de los conceptos que engloban las nee; también nos arrojan que hay inexperiencia por parte de los docentes en relación con las estrategias que se deben aplicar en cada caso, debido a que no se cuenta con los perfiles adecuados. Por parte de los padres y madres de familia hay cierto desinterés por apoyar a sus hijos y a los docentes en las tareas escolares.
Percepciones sobre liderazgo educativo de docentes y directivos en escuelas secundarias
Authors: Yáñez Campos Raquel
Published: December 2023

El liderazgo es un elemento esencial para obtener mejores resultados en cualquier tipo de organización, de acuerdo con el estudio de Mckinsey, citado por la UNESCO en 2014, es el segundo factor en importancia para el aprendizaje escolar después del maestro del aula y representa gran parte de la influencia, ya sea positiva o negativa al interior de la institución. Por ello, el presente artículo tiene el objetivo de analizar las percepciones de los docentes y directivos de las escuelas de educación secundaria de la región noroeste en el estado de Chihuahua, respecto al ejercicio de liderazgo educativo en sus centros escolares. Sigue una metodología con un enfoque cuantitativo de corte transversal. Para la recolección información se aplicó una encuesta mediante un cuestionario a 50 docentes y directivos. La encuesta plantea una integración de cuatro dimensiones que abarcan la interpretación del liderazgo educativo efectivo, como la posición y ejercicio profesional sobre: los fines de la educación, las creencias pedagógicas y las buenas escuelas. Los resultados muestran que existen diferencias significativas en los docentes y directivos de acuerdo a los años de antigüedad en el servicio, el género y el nivel de estudios con que cuentan los entrevistados.
Conflicting Opinions and Emotions in Students’ Responses to Feminist Resistance in the Film Photocopier
Authors: Sari Artanti Puspita
Published: December 2023

The film Photocopier depicts how its main character, a victim of sexual harassment, exercised her feminist resistance toward hegemonic and patriarchal power in society. Studies have been conducted in the past to examine feminist resistance in this film and a few other films. Yet, none have looked closely into students' responses to feminist resistance in those films. Engaging students in responding to film contents is important because films have the potential to provoke students’ critical thinking and emotions toward various issues in society, such as issues related to the victimization of women. To address the gap in research, this   study aimed to examine how students express their opinions and emotions toward the female main character’s resistance in the film Photocopier. It also aimed to analyze how those opinions and emotions may influence students’ potential actions when faced with sexual harassment issues in real life. Using an audience response method, data were collected through observations that included film viewing, a classroom discussion, and an open-ended questionnaire. The study involved eleven female and two male graduate students in a literature teaching and appreciation course. The results showed that each student experienced conflicting opinions and emotions with regard to the main character’s resistance. After watching the film, students felt motivated and inspired to advocate for victims of sexual harassment in real life. The researcher argues that conflicting opinions and emotions were inevitable consequences of students’ critical thinking and emotional processes while responding to the film. The negative opinions and emotions that even led to victim blaming did not hinder them from supporting the main character’s efforts to obtain justice. Furthermore, the researcher argues for the necessity of developing audience responses to films as a powerful strategy in critical literature pedagogy.
Calculations of contaminants removal from liquid aluminium to top slag
Authors: Żak Paweł Leszek , Kalisz Dorota , Kuglin Kamil , Szucki Michał
Published: December 2023

In the paper results of numerical analysis of KCl and KF contamination particles present in liquid aluminium assimilation to the slag are presented. Authors analyzed contamination particle movement in the slag model, which base on buoyant, capillary, viscosity, Newton and repulsion forces, interfacial tensions at the interface of phases and surface energy during the particle movement through phases boundary. On the base of the mathematical model computer program was written to make simulations under different conditions. In the paper results of particle position in the slag for different particle radiuses: 1, 5, 10, 20 µm, and constant slag viscosity including velocity evolution are presented. Another approach was used to indicate influence of slag viscosity on particle and slag penetration depth. During computations selected slag viscosities of 0.0012, 0.0015, 0.0018 [kg / m·s] were taken into account. Different comparisons were made for chosen particle sizes. Each examination takes into account impact of contamination particle type. Results clearly show that for larger particles slag penetration depth is greater and viscosity of the slag has an impact on velocity evolution during assimilation process.
Seasonal Potential of Typhadomingensis (Pers.) Poir. ex Steud to Restore Heavy metals’ Contaminated Wetlands in Egypt
Authors: Soliman Manar A. , Ahmed Dalia A. , Mansour Khalid H. , Gharib Fatma A. , Galal Tarek M. , Slima Dalia F.
Published: December 2023

Typha domingensis (Typhaceae) has been reported as a heavy metal (HV) hyperaccumulator in several studies. The purpose of the current study was to look into the seasonal variations in the accumulation potential of T. domingensis (TD) for HV in degraded wetlands in Greater Cairo, Egypt. Sampling of recent wild plants from the TD's subterranean and surface components was gathered from different contaminated sites distributed in the canal of Ismailia and Nahia drain, as well as from the River Nile as an uncontaminated site (control). The findings showed that pollution had a negative effect on the chemical characteristics of sediment and water. Seasonal fluctuations in the growth characteristics that are significant, except for the leaf area of the TD, were recognized. The subterranean plant components stored higher amounts of HV than that of aboveground shoots. Mn concentration (413.2 mg kg-1) was greater in the roots of autumnal plants, whereas their shoots recorded the highest Pb (225.8 mg kg-1). Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, and Zn concentrations were highest in summer plant roots (1499.9, 74.8,1356.1, 3948.8, 403.8 and 1294.2 mg kg-1, respectively). Chlorophyll b and carotenoid levels both decreased significantly. Chlorophyll b decreased by 32%, while carotenoid content decreased by 28% in contrast to the control samples. The factor of metal bioaccumulation (BF) values, were high in TD plants growing in a contaminated Ismailia canal, but factors for translocation (TF) values for all measured elements were lower than one, except for Pb. As a result, summer is the best time of year for TD to sequester high HV concentrations. The authors recommended that TD may be employed to mitigate HVs pollution in wetlands.
Encoding Ordered Complexity to Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Zhao Yingbo , Wei Lei , Hai Xinyue , Xu Tongtong , Wang Zidi , Jiang Wentao , Jiang Shan , Wang Qisheng , Zhang Yue-Biao
Published: December 2023

Installing different chemical entities onto crystalline frameworks with well-defined spatial distributions represents a viable approach to achieve ordered and complex synthetic materials. Herein, a covalent organic framework (COF-305) was constructed from tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)methane and 2,3-dimethoxyterephthalaldehyde, which has the largest unit cell and asymmetric unit among known COFs. The ordered complexity of COF-305 is embodied by nine different stereoisomers of its constituents showing specific sequences on topologically equivalent sites, which can be attributed to its building blocks deviating from their intrinsically preferred simple packing geometries in their molecular crystals to adapt to the framework formation. The insight provided by COF-305 supplements the principle of reticular chemistry from the perspective of non-covalent interactions and opens opportunities for pursuing complex chemical sequences in molecular frameworks.
Natural ecosystems outperform agricultural lands in global soil nitrogen retention
Authors: Gu Baojing , Yang Fei , Li Yiqun , Wang Yiling , Zhao Kankan , Song Xinwei , Xu Jianming , Ma Bin
Published: December 2023

Nitrogen (N) is a vital nutrient essential for both soil microbiota and plant growth. The intersection of climate change and human activities has increased N inputs, leading to notable N losses that have concerning effects on human health. It is widely recognized that soils can retain large amounts of N. Therefore, understanding the global patterns of N cycling, influenced by regional environmental variations, is crucial for estimating soils' N retention abilities. In this paper, we analyzed 2,039 soil metagenomic samples to map out N cycling processes worldwide and revealed significant differences in N cycling among various ecosystems. Remarkably, natural ecosystems, especially grasslands, showed a much higher potential to retain soil N than agricultural lands. Moreover, natural ecosystems provided more consistent predictions of potential N retention relative to total soil N than agricultural systems. This divergence might be due to disruptions caused by intensive farming, which can lead to ecological imbalance in cultivated areas. These insights highlight the urgent need for global sustainable farming practices, aligning agricultural goals with ecosystem health.
Ecological Zoning of the World – An Evolving Approach based on the Holdridge Life Zones
Authors: Audebert Philip , Milne Eleanor , Schiettecatte Laure Sophie , Dionisio Daniel , Sinitambirivoutin Maidie , Pais Carolina , Proença Clara , Bernoux Martial
Published: December 2023

For the first time, at COP28 countries will convene to take stock of their collective progress towards achieving the Paris Agreement and its long-term goals. Parties are expected to update their climate change mitigation commitments using a standardized methodology based on best available science. To report on Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from the Agriculture Forestry and Other Land Use sector, nations rely on data related to land use/management, climate, and soil type. Where such data is unavailable, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) provides a set of default factors, based on an extensive literature review of likely GHG emission factors and carbon stock changes disaggregated by the Food and Agriculture Organization’s Global Ecological Zones. The current study proposes a new globally consistent ecological zoning approach based on Holdridge’s life zones (HLZ) using climatic data from the Climate Research Unit of East Anglia University on a 0.5° grid, which tackles certain limitations found in the existing guidance provided by IPCC. A set of three global ecological zone maps based on HLZs were devised using increasing levels of aggregation, which could be particularly useful in studies of global environmental change, specifically climate change and used as a zoning approach by IPCC.
Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate regulates oxidative stress and apoptosis via PI3K/AKT1 pathway to improve myocardial remodeling in mice
Authors: Qian Kai , Zhou Xingyu , Fu Dan , Shi Jia , Sun Saige , Li Lei
Published: December 2023

The role of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MgIG) in myocardial remodeling is being investigated. We evaluated the result of MgIG on isoproterenol (ISO) -enticed myocardial remodeling in mice by activating the PI3K/AKT1 pathway. The heart function of mice was tested by echocardiography, and it was found that MgIG could improve the left ventricular function. Pathological staining analysis showed that MgIG could decrease the degree of myocardial injury caused by ISO. The serum data detected by ELISA showed that MgIG could reduce the content of CK-MB, MDA and LDH, and increase the activity of GSH-Px. Western blotting showed that the protein expressions of Collagen Ⅰ, BNP, Bax, Cleaved caspase-3, p-PI3K and p-AKT1 were decreased, while the protein expressions of Bcl-2, COX2 and SOD1 were increased. Meanwhile activation of the PI3K activator (740Y-P) reverses the cardioprotective effect of MgIG. These findings suggest that the myocardial remodeling induced by ISO could be improved by MgIG, and its mechanism may be associated with inhibite PI3K/AKT1 pathway to regulate apoptosis and oxidative stress.
Three new species of Nothoscordum (Amaryllidaceae) from the Campos eco-region of the Grassland Ecosystems of Río de la Plata, Southeast South America
Authors: Deble Leonardo Paz , Moreira Bárbara Pinheiro , Keller Héctor Alejandro
Published: December 2023

Three new species of Nothoscordum are described: Nothoscordum elongatum Deble & B.P.Moreira, Nothoscordum parvum Deble & B.P.Moreira and Nothoscordum urutauense Deble & H.A.Keller. Nothoscordum elongatum and N. parvum grow in central-eastern Rio Grande do Sul state, while N. urutauense is narrowly endemic in southern Misiones Province, northeast Argentina. The three new taxa are characterized by their strong alliaceous smell, pilose leaves and scapes, and one or two-flowered inflorescence. Nothoscordum elongatum is segregated from Nothoscordum marchesii by its densely pilose leaves and scapes (vs. glabrous leaves and scapes), flowers with longer pedicels and ovaries with fewer ovules per locule. Nothoscordum parvum is similar to N. modestum and N. urutauense; however, can be readily separated from both species by its bulbs with bulbils surronding the main bulb, by its narrowly infundibuliform flowers, fused towards the base for 1.8–2.2 mm and by its scapes erect at fruit maturity. Nothoscordum urutauense differs from N. inundatum by its broader leaves, by its flowers with tepals fused at the base for 0.5–1 mm, and by its free filaments at base. These three species of Nothoscordum are described, illustrated, compared with morphologically similar taxa, and featured with their geographic distribution.
The Rohingya Refugee Crisis in Bangladesh: Assessing the Impact on Land Use Patterns and Land Surface Temperature Using Machine Learning
Authors: Ahmed Faishal , Alam Siam , Saha Ovi Ranjan , Rahman Afeefa
Published: December 2023

Bangladesh, a third-world country with the 7th highest population density in the world, has always struggled to ensure its residents' basic needs. But in recent years, the country is going through a serious humanitarian and financial crisis that has been imposed by the neighboring country Myanmar which has forced the government to shelter almost a million Rohingya refugees in less than 3 years (2017–2020). The government had no other option but to acquire almost 24.1 km2 of forest areas only to construct refugee camps for the Rohingyas which has led to catastrophic environmental outcomes. This study has analyzed the land use and land surface temperature pattern change of the Rohingya camp area for the course of 1997 to 2022 with a 5 years interval rate. Future prediction of the land use and temperature of Teknaf and Ukhiya was also done in this process using a Machine Learning algorithm for the years 2028 and 2034. The analysis says that in the camp area, from 1997 to 2017 percentage of settlements increased from 5.28–11.91% but in 2022 it reached 70.09%. The same drastically changing trend has also been observed in the land surface temperature analysis. In the month of January, the average temperature increased from 18.860 C to 21.310 C between 1997 and 2017. But in 2022 it was found that the average temperature had increased up to 25.940 C in only a blink of an eye. The future prediction of land use also doesn’t have anything pleasing in store.
Introgression of tetraploid Thinopyrum elongatum 6EL segments enhances the stripe rust resistance of adult wheat plants
Authors: Zeng Chunyan , Li Liangxi , He Zaimei , Zhu Wei , Xu Lili , Cheng Yiran , Wang Yi , Zeng Jian , Fan Xing , Sha Lina , Zhang Haiqin , Chen Guoyue , Zhou Yonghong , Wu Dandan , Kang Houyang
Published: December 2023

Preventing the widespread occurrence of stripe rust in wheat largely depends on the identification of new stripe rust resistance genes and the breeding of cultivars with durable resistance. We obtained a wheat–tetraploid Thinopyrum elongatum 6E (6D) substitution line and determined that chromosome 6E contains genetic material conferring superior resistance to stripe rust at the adult stage. In this study, three novel wheat–tetraploid Th. elongatum translocation lineswere generated from the offspring of a cross between common wheat and the 6E (6D) substitution line. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), fluorescence in situ hybridization chromosome painting (FISH painting), repetitive sequential FISH, and 55K SNP analyses indicated that K227-48, K242-82, and K246-6 contained 42 chromosomes and were 6ES·6DL, 2DL·6EL, and 6DS·6ELtranslocation lines, respectively. The assessment of stripe rust resistance revealed that K227-48 was susceptible to a mixture of Pst races, whereas the 6EL lines K242-82 and K246-6 exhibited adult plant resistance to stripe rust. Thus, this resistance was due to the 6EL chromosome. The overall good agronomic performance of K246-6 implies this line may be a useful germplasm resource for wheat breeding programs. Furthermore, 34 PCR-based markers for chromosome 6EL were developed using the whole-genome sequence of diploid Th. elongatum. This novel translocation line may be applicable for breeding wheat lines resistant to stripe rust. Additionally, themarkers developed in this study will enablethe accurate tracing of tetraploid Th. elongatum chromosome 6E and the mapping of additional favorable genes on 6EL.
The impact of acute and prior SARS-CoV-2 infection on maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women: a single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Tang Yujie , Chen Liang , Han Tao , Hu Cuixia , Li Pan , Tang Jing , Li Aiyuan , Peng Xianglian , Zhang Jie
Published: December 2023

Background
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during pregnancy have an adverse impact on perinatal outcomes, including cesarean section, preterm birth, fetal distress. However, it’s uncertain whether these adverse consequences are caused by acute viral infection or post-acute impact of viral infection.
Methods
We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study among pregnant women with singleton pregnancy who delivered between 1 December 2022 and 1 February 2023 (n = 2472). The clinical data for mothers and neonates came from medical records on internal healthcare system. Follow-up time spanned from admission to discharge. We investigated the impact of acute and prior SARS-CoV-2 infection on maternal and neonatal outcome. Multivariable logistic models were used to assess the risk of adverse perinatal outcome in pregnant women with acute and prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Results
Compared to the non-infected pregnant women, acute SARS-CoV-2 infected pregnant women had significant higher rates of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) (26 women [4.4%] vs. 8 women [1.0%]; aOR, 4.9 [95% CI, 2.2–11.0]; P < 0 .001), preterm birth (༜37 wk) (53women [9.0%] vs. 45 women [5.7%]; aOR, 1.7 [95% CI, 1.1–2.7]; P < 0.05), fetal distress(106 women [18.1%] vs. 82 women [10.4%]; aOR,1.9 [95% CI, 1.4–2.6]; P < 0 .01), first-cesarean section (216 women [36.9%] vs. 239women [30.3%]; aOR, 1.4[95% CI, 1.1–1.8]; P < 0.01) and neonatal unit admission (69 neonates [12%] vs. 64 neonates [8.3%]; aOR, 1.6 [95% CI, 1.1–2.3]; P < 0.05), prior SARS-CoV-2 infection were associated with an increased risk of ICP (40 women [3.7%] vs. 8 women [1.0%]; aOR, 3.9 [95% CI, 1.8–8.5]; P < 0 .001).
Conclusions
Pregnant women with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with higher risk of ICP, preterm birth, fetal distress, first-cesarean section and neonatal unit admission. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women was associated with higher risk ICP. These findings emphasize the need for optimization of strategies for prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women, especially for acute infection at delivery.
Lung Cancer Awareness Among Lebanese General Population: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hmeidan Mariam , Salameh Pascale , Awada Sanaa , Ajrouche Roula
Published: December 2023

Background
Lung cancer is a significant contributor to mortality worldwide, with an expected further increase in its incidence in the upcoming years, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to assess the level of lung cancer awareness among the Lebanese general population using the Lung Cancer Awareness Measurement (LCAM) tool.
Methods
An online-based, self-administered questionnaire was completed by 410 participants all over Lebanon. A validated LCAM tool comprising recall and recognition questions was used to assess participants’ awareness of lung cancer. Multivariate analysis using Generalized Linear model and post-hoc analysis were performed after assessing validity and reliability of the scale.
Results
Only 13.7% correctly recognized age-related lung cancer risk, while 60.7% thought age was unrelated. Warning signs were poorly recalled, with persistent cough being the most remembered (58%), and coughing up blood being highly recognized (87.8%). Participants struggled to recognize persistent shoulder pain (28.7%) and finger/nail changes (29.51%) as possible warning signs of lung cancer. Multivariate analysis showed that governorates, educational level, and occupation significantly affected warning signs-scores. Post-hoc analysis revealed that people residing in Bekaa scored approximately two times lower warning sign recognition scales compared with participants residing in Beirut, Mount Lebanon, and North Lebanon. Postgraduates and medical field workers were able to recognize symptoms compared to others, with the latter scoring higher recall scales as well. Smoking was the most recalled and recognized risk factor (82% and 95.6%). Females, postgraduates, and medical workers showed higher risk factor recognition. While 75% were willing to seek medical attention for lung cancer suspicion, 58% lacked confidence in identifying warning signs.
Conclusion
Despite positive proactive approach toward seeking medical attention, insufficient warning signs awareness along with low confidence in identifying lung cancer hinders early diagnosis. Extensive awareness campaigns focusing on age-related misconceptions, warning signs, and risk factors hold immense promise for improved therapeutic outcomes.
Gimatecan regulates the death receptor signaling by autophagic lysosomal homeostasis and promotes cardia cancer cell death
Authors: Li Bo , Li Siying , Yan Chao
Published: December 2023

Gastric cardia cancer(GCC)is a common digestive tract tumor with a low cure rate and ineffective treatment drugs. Camptothecin (CPT) compounds showed good therapeutic effect in the treatment of gastric cancer. Gimatecan, synthesized as a camptothecin-derived compound, has entered the clinic and demonstrated an excellent therapeutic effect in treating gastric tumors. However, whether it has a curative effect on gastric cardia tumors is still unclear. In this study, the pro-apoptotic effect of gimatecan on gastric cardia cancer was investigated in vitro by isolating primary human cardia cancer cells: gimatecan can effectively induce cell DNA damage in the cardia cancer cells. The results showed that lysosomal protease D leakage, caspase3 activation, and mitochondrial membrane potential changes in primary cardia cancer cells exposed to gimatecan damaged lysosomal integrity, blocked the binding of autophagy products to lysosomes, disrupted the homeostasis of autophagy lysosomal system, and increased apoptosis of cardia cancer cells. When gimtecan acted on cardia cancer cells, the specific protective autophagy occurred, and the expression of autophagy regulatory protein TP53INP2 increased, this protein promoted autophagy in LC3-ATG7 interaction. Although protective autophagy of cardia cancer cells increased during the gimatecan intervention, gimatecan still showed a significant pro-apoptotic effect on cardia cancer. Through the GFP-Cherry-LC3 validation system, we found that gimatecan promoted the death of cardia cancer cells by blocking autophagosome-lysosome fusion. This effect may be due to the inhibition of lysosomal clearance of autophagy products through the release of targeted lysosomal cathepsin D, the impaired lysosome results in the failure of the autophagy and lysosome to fuse normally, and the downstream flux of autophagy is inhibited. In summary, these data provide us with new insights into the therapeutic effect of gimatecan on cardia cancer, and gimatecan, a camptothecin analogue, is expected to be a potential candidate for the treatment of cardia cancer.
Oxidative Stress and Diabetic Retinopathy: Evidence from Epidemiological Studies
Authors: Liu Xiangliang , Chang Yu , Li Yuguang , Liu Yingrui , Song Wei , Lu Jin , Chen Naifei , Cui Jiuwei
Published: December 2023

Background Previous studies have suggested oxidative stress may play a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy, while evidence from observational studies directly linking oxidative biomarkers to clinically relevant outcomes has been limited. This study aims to investigate the association between an integrated oxidative balance score (OBS) and risk as well as severity of diabetic retinopathy.Methods National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants between 2005–2008 were included and the weighted logistic regression model based on digital imaging of the retina was utilized to investigate the association between OBS and retinopathy. The multifactorial Cox regression model was developed to explore the correlation between OBS and all-cause mortality among individuals with diabetic retinopathy.Results In the adjusted multifactorial logistic regression model, participants in the top OBS quartile demonstrated a 25% lower risk of diabetic retinopathy compared to those in the bottom quartile (OR 0.75, 95%CI 0.57–0.99, P = 0.041). In the multifactorial Cox regression model, among those with diabetic retinopathy in the top OBS quartile exhibited a 51% lower risk of mortality compared to those in the bottom quartile (HR 0.49, 95%CI 0.32–0.74, P < 0.001).Conclusion Our study suggests that higher cumulative antioxidant exposure assessed by OBS is associated with a reduced risk and severity of diabetic retinopathy in U.S. adults.
Measuring responsiveness and mistreatment in maternity care in sub-Saharan Africa: a questionnaire validation and development of a score
Authors: Morris Zoë , Halabi Soha El , Hanson Claudia , Kandeya Bianca , Ayebare Elizabeth , Houngbo Gisele , Månsson Anastasia , Al-Beity Fadhlun Alwy , Annerstedt Kristi Sidney
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Mistreatment and abuse are still experienced by women during hospital childbirth in many parts of the world, with sub-Saharan Africa being one of the places where it is most common. Interventions aiming to improve respectful maternity care must be able to assess the prevalence of responsiveness and mistreatment women experience. This is usually done with questionnaires, though these are not always validated. Scores to represent the level of responsiveness and mistreatment experienced have many uses and can be created from questionnaire results, though no score is consistently used in this field. A new questionnaire measuring responsiveness and mistreatment was developed for use in the ALERT (“Action leveraging evidence to reduce perinatal mortality and morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa”) study, as a questionnaire covering both of these concepts did not previously exist. This study aimed to validate this questionnaire and to create a scoring method. Methods: Psychometric analyses, including exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, were performed on data collected from the ALERT project to identify and confirm underlying factors. Using these factors, simple summation and factor-weighted methods were used to create scores and their results compared. Results: Six factors were identified: “Communication & supportive care”, “Hospital environment”, “Respect & dignity”, “Social support”, “Privacy & confidentiality” and “No normalised abuse”. The results of the two scoring methods developed were similar. Conclusions: The responsiveness and mistreatment questionnaire has high validity in the ALERT study population for the six factors identified. The two scoring methods developed are useful for many aspects of the ALERT intervention, including to facilitate comparisons and measure progress towards improving respectful maternity care.
Evaluation method of college students' psychological quality of innovation and entrepreneurship based on big data analysis
Authors: Guo Haina
Published: December 2023

In the process of innovation and entrepreneurship, college students have different degrees of psychological problems due to the influence of market environment and their level of professional knowledge. In order to accurately evaluate the psychological quality of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship, an evaluation method of college students' psychological quality of innovation and entrepreneurship based on big data analysis is proposed. The historical information data and real-time data flow of college students’ psychological quality of innovation and entrepreneurship in the data source are collected, and the association rule feature extraction method in big data analysis technology is used to fuse the collected data, and complete the preprocessing, then the preprocessed data are stored in the database. According to the construction criteria of the indicator system, the sick indicator cycle analysis method in big data analysis technology is used to build the evaluation indicator system of college students' psychological quality of innovation and entrepreneurship, and the evaluation model of college students' psychological quality of innovation and entrepreneurship is built by combining the self-organization feature mapping neural network. The experimental results show that the information contribution rate of the evaluation indicator system of this method is higher than 95%, and the accuracy rate of the evaluation result is higher than 98%, which can effectively and accurately evaluate the psychological quality of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship.
The effect of a plant-based pediatric nutrition drink based on almonds and buckwheat on reported relief of intolerance symptoms: retrospective analysis of a parent survey
Authors: Bridges Kayla M , Bar-Yoseph Fabiana , Meyer Rosan , Mizrahi Renana , Vanderhoof Jon
Published: December 2023

Background
There is a demonstrated need for pediatric plant-based alternatives that are non-soy, low in added sugars, and have age-appropriate nutrient profiles. In the absence of prospective clinical trial data, it is beneficial to evaluate parent-reported health-related outcomes. This study aims to assess the use of a commercially available low-sugar, non-soy pediatric whole plant-based formula with a novel complementary protein source based on minimally processed almonds and buckwheat.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of anonymized data from a parent-reported consumer survey was conducted with an IRB waiver. Survey content included questions related to usage, demographic and anthropometric information, and other pertinent nutrition-related outcome data. Descriptive and exploratory analyses were conducted, and further analyses were conducted on two identified subgroups. Quantitative growth analyses were conducted for available/valid data using multiple regression analysis.
Results: Significant improvements were subjectively reported for weight gain, stool patterns/consistency, tolerance, and general acceptance since using this novel product. Parents reported overcoming more than 80% of growth problems and a reduction in over 75% of symptoms related to gastrointestinal tolerance and skin rash.
Conclusion: These novel whole plant-based complete nutrition products were accepted and well tolerated by toddlers and children experiencing clinical symptoms not otherwise addressed by previous nutrition products.
Accuracy Improvement of Mutual Integration Mechanism Driven Algorithms for Boom Cable Force Recognition
Authors: Zhang HaoYu , Yang Yang , Zhang He , LI Xiao zhang
Published: December 2023

Accurate measurement of cable tension is crucial for real-time monitoring of bridge systems, preventing potential risks, and ensuring bridge safety and continuous operation. However, traditional cable tension measurement often faces the challenge of ensuring accuracy when dealing with complex elastic boundary conditions. This article uses 9 finite element model suspension cables with complex elastic boundary conditions as data for cable force identification, and uses heuristic algorithms to achieve cable force identification with the goal of minimizing the frequency and actual frequency. Based on the recognition results and process, the reasons for inaccurate identification of cable forces under complex elastic boundaries were analyzed, and a mutual fusion mechanism was proposed to improve the accuracy of cable force identification. The results show that the proposed mutual fusion mechanism reduces the maximum relative error of cable tension in accuracy by 12.6%, significantly improving accuracy, and reduces the relative error of most initial cable tension identification to 5%, meeting the needs of practical engineering. In addition, the non parametric test statistical method also proves that the introduction of mutual fusion mechanism has a significant impact on the relative error value of cable tension. Finally, the fusion mechanism was verified through data from three engineering cables to meet engineering requirements. This method provides a new technical solution for intelligent and accurate identification of cable forces in long bridge beams, and has broad application prospects.
Involvement of CX3CR1+ cells appearing in the abdominal cavity in the immunosuppressive environment immediately after gastric cancer surgery
Authors: Natsuki Seiji , Yoshii Mami , Tanaka Hiroaki , Mori Takuya , Deguchi Sota , Miki Yuichiro , Tamura Tatsuro , Toyokawa Takahiro , Lee Shigeru , Maeda Kiyoshi
Published: December 2023

Background
Gastric cancer is primarily treated by surgery; however, little is known about the changes in the intraperitoneal immune environment and the prognostic impact of surgery. Surgical stress and cancer-associated inflammation cause immune cells to mobilize into the abdominal cavity via numerous cytokines. One such cytokine, CX3CR1, has various immune-related functions that remain to be fully explained. We characterized the intraperitoneal immune environment by investigating CX3CR1+ cells in intraperitoneal lavage fluid during gastric cancer surgery.
Methods
Lavage fluid samples were obtained from a total of 41 patients who underwent gastrectomy. The relative expression of various genes was analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR. The association of each gene expression with clinicopathological features and surgical outcomes was examined. The fraction of CX3CR1+ cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. Cytokine profiles in lavage fluid samples were investigated using a cytometric beads array.
Results
CX3CR1high patients exhibited higher levels of perioperative inflammation in blood tests and more recurrences than CX3CR1low patients. CX3CR1high patients tended to exhibit higher pathological T and N stage than CX3CR1low patients. CX3CR1 was primarily expressed on myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor-associated macrophages. In particular, polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells were associated with perioperative inflammation, pathological N, and recurrences. These immunosuppressive cells were associated with a trend toward unfavorable prognosis. Moreover, CX3CR1 expression was correlated with programmed death–1 expression.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that CX3CR1+ cells are associated with an acute inflammatory response, tumor-promotion, and recurrence. CX3CR1 expression could be taken advantage of as a beneficial therapeutic target for improving immunosuppressive state in the future. In addition, analysis of intra-abdominal CX3CR1+ cells could be useful for characterizing the immune environment after gastric cancer surgery.
Augmented Reality-Based Surgical Navigation of Pelvic Screw Placement. Feasibility, Technique, and Limitations
Authors: Heining Sandro Michael , Raykov Vladislav , Wolff Oliver , Alkadhi Hatem , Pape Hans-Christoph , Wanner Guido A.
Published: December 2023

Background
Minimally invasive surgical treatment of pelvic trauma requires a significant level of surgical training and technical expertise. Novel imaging and navigation technologies have always driven surgical technique, and with head-mounted displays being commercially available nowadays, the assessment of such Augmented Reality (AR) devices in a specific surgical setting is appropriate.
Methods
In this experimental Level 2 study, an AR-based surgical navigation system was assessed in a specific clinical scenario with standard pelvic and acetabular screw pathways. The system has the following components: an optical-see-through Head Mounted Display (HMD, HoloLens 2), a specifically designed modular AR software (HoloMA), and surgical tool tracking using pose estimation with synthetic square markers (ArUco).
Results
The success rate for entry point navigation was 93.8%, the overall translational deviation of drill pathways was 3.99 ± 1.77mm, and the overall rotational deviation of drill pathways was 4.3 ± 1.8°. There was no relevant theoretic screw perforation, as shown by 88.7% Grade 0–1 and 100% Grade 0–2 rating in our pelvic screw perforation score. Regarding screw length, 103 ± 8% of the planned pathway length could be realized successfully.
Conclusions
The system proved feasible for the task of percutaneous screw placement in the pelvis and, thus, could easily be adapted to a specific clinical scenario. The system showed comparable performance with other computer-aided solutions while providing specific advantages such as true 3D vision without intraoperative radiation.
Integrated environmental and clinical surveillance for the prevention of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in indoor environments and vulnerable communities (Stell-ARI)
Authors: Carducci Annalaura , Arzilli Guglielmo , Atomsa Nebiyu Tariku , Lauretani Giulia , Verani Marco , Pistelli Francesco , Tavoschi Lara , Federigi Ileana , Fornili Marco , Petri Davide , Lomonaco Tommaso , Meschi Claudia , Pagani Alessandra , Agostini Antonello , Carrozzi Laura , Baglietto Laura , Paolotti Daniela , Cattuto Ciro , Dall'Amico Lorenzo , Rizzo Caterina
Published: December 2023

Background
The epidemiological relevance of viral acute respiratory infections (ARIs) has been dramatically highlighted by COVID-19. However, other viruses cannot be neglected, such as the influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, human adenovirus. These viruses thrive in closed spaces, influenced by human and environmental factors. High-risk closed communities are the most vulnerable settings, where the real extent of viral ARIs is often difficult to evaluate, due to the natural disease progression and case identification complexities. During the COVID-19 pandemic, wastewater-based epidemiology has demonstrated its great potential for monitoring the circulation and evolution of the virus in the environment. The “Prevention of ARIs in indoor environments and vulnerable communities” study (Stell-ARI) addresses the urgent need for integrated surveillance and early detection of ARIs within enclosed and vulnerable communities such as Long-Term Care Facilities (LTCFs), prisons and primary schools. The rapid transmission of ARIs in such environments underscores the importance of comprehensive surveillance strategies to minimise the risk of outbreaks and safeguard community health, enabling proactive prevention and control strategies to protect the health of vulnerable populations.
Methods
The Stell-ARI study consists of designing and validating tools for integrated clinical and environmental-based surveillance for each setting, coupled with analytical methods for environmental matrices. The study design encompasses the development of specialised clinical surveillance involving pseudonymized questionnaires and nasopharyngeal swabs for virus identification, while the environmental surveillance includes air and surface microbiological and chemical monitoring, and virological analysis of wastewater. Integrating this information and the collection of behavioural and environmental risk factors into predictive and risk assessment models will provide a useful tool for early warning, risk assessment and informed decision-making.
Discussion
This study seeks to integrate clinical, behavioural, and environmental data to establish and validate a predictive model and risk assessment tool for the early warning and risk management of viral ARIs in closed and vulnerable communities prior to the onset of an outbreak.
Distinct Epigenetic Modulation of Differentially Expressed Genes in the Adult Brain Following Prenatal Exposure to Low-Dose Bisphenol A
Authors: Weng Jie , Zhu Yue-yan , Liao Li-yong , Yang Xin-tong , Dong Yu-hao , Meng Wei-da , Sun Dai-jing , Liu Yun , Peng Wen-zhu , Jiang Yan
Published: December 2023

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a common component in the manufacture of daily plastic consumer goods. Recent studies have suggested that prenatal exposure to BPA can increase the susceptibility of offspring to mental illness, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed transcriptomic and epigenomic profiling in the adult brain following prenatal exposure to low-dose BPA. We observed a sex-specific transcriptional dysregulation in the cortex, with males exhibiting more significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene ontology analysis revealed that the upregulated genes primarily influenced neuronal functions, while the downregulated genes were significantly enriched in the energy metabolism pathways. Further evidence supporting impaired mitochondrial function in the cortical neurons of the BPA group, including a decreased ATP level and a reduced number of mitochondria. We further investigated the higher-order chromatin regulatory patterns of DEGs by incorporating our previously published Hi-C data. Interestingly, we found that upregulated genes exhibited more distal interactions with multiple enhancers, while downregulated genes displayed relatively short-range interactions among adjacent genes. Our data further revealed decreased H3K9me3 signal on the distal enhancers of upregulated genes, whereas increased DNA methylation and H3K27me3 signals on the promoters of downregulated genes. In summary, our study provides compelling evidence for the potential health risks associated with prenatal exposure to BPA, and uncovers sex-specific transcriptional changes with a complex interplay of multiple epigenetic mechanisms.