bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A clustering approach to identify multidimensional poverty indicators for the bottom 40 percent group
Authors: Abdul Rahman Mariah , Sani Nor Samsiah , Hamdan Rusnita , Ali Othman Zulaiha , Abu Bakar Azuraliza
Published: August 2021

The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is an income-based poverty index which measures multiple deprivations alongside other relevant factors to determine and classify poverty. The implementation of a reliable MPI is one of the significant efforts by the Malaysian government to improve measures in alleviating poverty, in line with the recent policy for Bottom 40 Percent (B40) group. However, using this measurement, only 0.86% of Malaysians are regarded as multidimensionally poor, and this measurement was claimed to be irrelevant for Malaysia as a country that has rapid economic development. Therefore, this study proposes a B40 clustering-based K-Means with cosine similarity architecture to identify the right indicators and dimensions that will provide data driven MPI measurement. In order to evaluate the approach, this study conducted extensive experiments on the Malaysian Census dataset. A series of data preprocessing steps were implemented, including data integration, attribute generation, data filtering, data cleaning, data transformation and attribute selection. The clustering model produced eight clusters of B40 group. The study included a comprehensive clustering analysis to meaningfully understand each of the clusters. The analysis discovered seven indicators of multidimensional poverty from three dimensions encompassing education, living standard and employment. Out of the seven indicators, this study proposed six indicators to be added to the current MPI to establish a more meaningful scenario of the current poverty trend in Malaysia. The outcomes from this study may help the government in properly identifying the B40 group who suffers from financial burden, which could have been currently misclassified.
Does market segmentation hinder interregional CO2 flow in China? — Evidence from China’s interprovincial MRIO table
Authors: Wu Shuang , Zou Jialing
Published: August 2021

China is the key player in the globalization era and is eliminating its intra-national trade barrier. This process will affect interprovincial CO2 flows. This study recalculates interprovincial CO2 flows in China by using the latest MRIO table and applies a gravity model to assess how market segmentation affects interprovincial CO2 flows. Results show that the total volume of interprovincial embodied CO2 flow did not increase excessively from 2007 to 2012, but the pattern of embodied CO2 flow had changed a lot. Market segmentation significantly decreased the interprovincial embodied CO2 flows in China and within its sub-regions. At interregional level, market segmentation’s negative effect was significant between Central and Western China. Other variables such as geographical distance showed a significant negative impact on interprovincial embodied CO2 flow in China. On the basis of our results, we raise some relevant policies to deal with the environmental inequality caused by the decrease in market segmentation.
The effect of left ventricular contractility on arterial hemodynamics: A model-based investigation
Authors: Pagoulatou Stamatia , Adamopoulos Dionysios , Rovas Georgios , Bikia Vasiliki , Stergiopulos Nikolaos
Published: August 2021

Ventricular-arterial coupling is a major determinant of cardiovascular performance, however, there are still inherent difficulties in distinguishing ventricular from vascular effects on arterial pulse phenotypes. In the present study, we employed an extensive mathematical model of the cardiovascular system to investigate how sole changes in cardiac contractility might affect hemodynamics. We simulated two physiologically relevant cases of high and low contractility by altering the end-systolic elastance, Ees, (3 versus 1 mmHg/mL) under constant cardiac output and afterload, and subsequently performed pulse wave analysis and wave separation. The aortic forward pressure wave component was steeper for high Ees, which led to the change of the total pressure waveform from the characteristic Type A phenotype to Type C, and the decrease in augmentation index, AIx (-2.4% versus +18.1%). Additionally, the increase in Ees caused the pulse pressure amplification from the aorta to the radial artery to rise drastically (1.86 versus 1.39). Our results show that an increase in cardiac contractility alone, with no concomitant change in arterial properties, alters the shape of the forward pressure wave, which, consequently, changes central and peripheral pulse phenotypes. Indices based on the pressure waveform, like AIx, cannot be assumed to reflect only arterial properties.
Normalisation process theory and the implementation of a new glaucoma clinical pathway in hospital eye services: Perspectives of doctors, nurses and optometrists
Authors: Read Simon , Morgan James , Gillespie David , Nollett Claire , Weiss Marjorie , Allen Davina , Anderson Pippa , Waterman Heather
Published: August 2021

Background

Normalisation process theory reports the importance of contextual integration in successfully embedding novel interventions, with recent propositions detailing the role that ‘plasticity’ of intervention components and ‘elasticity’ of an intended setting contribute. We report on the introduction of a clinical pathway assessing patient non-responsiveness to treatment for glaucoma and ocular hypertension. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of implementing the Cardiff Model of Glaucoma Care into hospital eye services, identifying any issues of acceptability for staff through the filter of normalisation process theory.

Methods

A prospective observational study was undertaken in four hospital eye services. This incorporated detailed qualitative semi-structured interviews with staff (n = 8) to gather their perceptions on the intervention’s usefulness and practicality. In addition, observational field notes of patient and staff consultations (n = 88) were collected, as well as broader organisational observations from within the research sites (n = 52). Data collection and analysis was informed by the normalisation process theory framework.

Results

Staff reported the pathway led to beneficial knowledge on managing patient treatment, but the model was sometimes perceived as overly prescriptive. This perception varied significantly based on the composition of clinics in relation to staff experience, staff availability and pre-existing clinical structures. The most commonly recounted barrier came in contextually integrating into sites where wider administrative systems were inflexible to intervention components.

Conclusions

Flexibility will be the key determinant of whether the clinical pathway can progress to wider implementation. Addressing the complexity and variation associated with practice between clinics required a remodelling of the pathway to maintain its central benefits but enhance its plasticity. Our study therefore helps to confirm propositions developed in relation to normalisation process theory, contextual integration, intervention plasticity, and setting elasticity. This enables the transferability of findings to healthcare settings other than ophthalmology, where any novel intervention is implemented.
Unmet need for family planning among reproductive-age women living with HIV in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kefale Bereket , Adane Bezawit , Damtie Yitayish , Arefaynie Mastewal , Yalew Melaku , Andargie Assefa , Addisu Elsabeth
Published: August 2021

Background

Closing the gap of unmet for family planning is crucial to eliminate new pediatric HIV infections likewise to improve maternal and child health among reproductive-age women living with HIV. However, studies conducted on unmet need for family planning among reproductive-age women living with HIV showed inconsistent and non-conclusive findings on the magnitude of the problem. Moreover, there was no meta-analysis conducted in this area. So this systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence unmet need for family planning among reproductive-age women living with HIV in Ethiopia.

Methods

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline was followed to review both published and unpublished studies in Ethiopia. All studies in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Hinari, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and Global Health databases were searched. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA 14 software. The heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed using the I2 statistics and Egger regression asymmetry test, respectively. Forest plots were used to present the pooled prevalence with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

This review included 7 studies, and 3333 study participants. The pooled prevalence of unmet need for family planning among reproductive-age women living with HIV in Ethiopia was 25.13% (95%CI: 19.97, 30.29). The pooled prevalence of unmet need for spacing and limiting was 13.91% (95%CI: 10.11, 17.72) and 9.11% (95%CI: 6.43, 11.78), respectively.

Conclusions

One-fourths of reproductive-age women living with HIV had an unmet need for family planning. A variety of programmatic investments are needed to achieve more meaningful progress toward the reduction of unmet need for family planning among reproductive-age women living with HIV.
Identification of cell lines CL-14, CL-40 and CAL-51 as suitable models for SARS-CoV-2 infection studies
Authors: Pommerenke Claudia , Rand Ulfert , Uphoff Cord C. , Nagel Stefan , Zaborski Margarete , Hauer Vivien , Kaufmann Maren , Meyer Corinna , Denkmann Sabine A. , Riese Peggy , Eschke Kathrin , Kim Yeonsu , Safranko Zeljka Macak , Kurolt Ivan-Christian , Markotic Alemka , Cicin-Sain Luka , Steenpass Laura
Published: August 2021

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is a major global threat that sparked global research efforts. Pre-clinical and biochemical SARS-CoV-2 studies firstly rely on cell culture experiments where the importance of choosing an appropriate cell culture model is often underestimated. We here present a bottom-up approach to identify suitable permissive cancer cell lines for drug screening and virus research. Human cancer cell lines were screened for the SARS-CoV-2 cellular entry factors ACE2 and TMPRSS2 based on RNA-seq data of the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE). However, experimentally testing permissiveness towards SARS-CoV-2 infection, we found limited correlation between receptor expression and permissiveness. This underlines that permissiveness of cells towards viral infection is determined not only by the presence of entry receptors but is defined by the availability of cellular resources, intrinsic immunity, and apoptosis. Aside from established cell culture infection models CACO-2 and CALU-3, three highly permissive human cell lines, colon cancer cell lines CL-14 and CL-40 and the breast cancer cell line CAL-51 and several low permissive cell lines were identified. Cell lines were characterised in more detail offering a broader choice of non-overexpression in vitro infection models to the scientific community. For some cell lines a truncated ACE2 mRNA and missense variants in TMPRSS2 might hint at disturbed host susceptibility towards viral entry.
Resistance patterns and clinical outcomes of Klebsiella pneumoniae and invasive Klebsiella variicola in trauma patients
Authors: Kiley John L. , Mende Katrin , Beckius Miriam L. , Kaiser Susan J. , Carson M. Leigh , Lu Dan , Whitman Timothy J. , Petfield Joseph L. , Tribble David R. , Blyth Dana M.
Published: August 2021

Recent reclassification of the Klebsiella genus to include Klebsiella variicola, and its association with bacteremia and mortality, has raised concerns. We examined Klebsiella spp. infections among battlefield trauma patients, including occurrence of invasive K. variicola disease. Klebsiella isolates collected from 51 wounded military personnel (2009–2014) through the Trauma Infectious Disease Outcomes Study were examined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. K. variicola isolates were evaluated for hypermucoviscosity phenotype by the string test. Patients were severely injured, largely from blast injuries, and all received antibiotics prior to Klebsiella isolation. Multidrug-resistant Klebsiella isolates were identified in 23 (45%) patients; however, there were no significant differences when patients with and without multidrug-resistant Klebsiella were compared. A total of 237 isolates initially identified as K. pneumoniae were analyzed, with 141 clinical isolates associated with infections (remaining were colonizing isolates collected through surveillance groin swabs). Using PCR sequencing, 221 (93%) isolates were confirmed as K. pneumoniae, 10 (4%) were K. variicola, and 6 (3%) were K. quasipneumoniae. Five K. variicola isolates were associated with infections. Compared to K. pneumoniae, infecting K. variicola isolates were more likely to be from blood (4/5 versus 24/134, p = 0.04), and less likely to be multidrug-resistant (0/5 versus 99/134, p<0.01). No K. variicola isolates demonstrated the hypermucoviscosity phenotype. Although K. variicola isolates were frequently isolated from bloodstream infections, they were less likely to be multidrug-resistant. Further work is needed to facilitate diagnosis of K. variicola and clarify its clinical significance in larger prospective studies.
Structural insights into Cullin4-RING ubiquitin ligase remodelling by Vpr from simian immunodeficiency viruses
Authors: Banchenko Sofia , Krupp Ferdinand , Gotthold Christine , Bürger Jörg , Graziadei Andrea , O’Reilly Francis J. , Sinn Ludwig , Ruda Olga , Rappsilber Juri , Spahn Christian M. T. , Mielke Thorsten , Taylor Ian A. , Schwefel David
Published: August 2021

Viruses have evolved means to manipulate the host’s ubiquitin-proteasome system, in order to down-regulate antiviral host factors. The Vpx/Vpr family of lentiviral accessory proteins usurp the substrate receptor DCAF1 of host Cullin4-RING ligases (CRL4), a family of modular ubiquitin ligases involved in DNA replication, DNA repair and cell cycle regulation. CRL4DCAF1 specificity modulation by Vpx and Vpr from certain simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIV) leads to recruitment, poly-ubiquitylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation of the host restriction factor SAMHD1, resulting in enhanced virus replication in differentiated cells. To unravel the mechanism of SIV Vpr-induced SAMHD1 ubiquitylation, we conducted integrative biochemical and structural analyses of the Vpr protein from SIVs infecting Cercopithecus cephus (SIVmus). X-ray crystallography reveals commonalities between SIVmus Vpr and other members of the Vpx/Vpr family with regard to DCAF1 interaction, while cryo-electron microscopy and cross-linking mass spectrometry highlight a divergent molecular mechanism of SAMHD1 recruitment. In addition, these studies demonstrate how SIVmus Vpr exploits the dynamic architecture of the multi-subunit CRL4DCAF1 assembly to optimise SAMHD1 ubiquitylation. Together, the present work provides detailed molecular insight into variability and species-specificity of the evolutionary arms race between host SAMHD1 restriction and lentiviral counteraction through Vpx/Vpr proteins.
Time, being, discourse: Elements of professional friendship in the collaboration between a costume designer and a choreographer
Authors: Helve Tua
Published: August 2021

This article examines joint creation in contemporary performance making by analysing the collaboration between two prominent Finnish artists – costume designer Karoliina Koiso-Kanttila and choreographer Carl Knif. Using personal interviews along with performance analysis framed in relation to the Aristotelian term ‘friendship’ as components of this case study, the author draws conclusions from the process of a solo performance and its costume that foregrounds elements of friendship: sharing time, being and discourse. Viewing this relational understanding between parties as an asset, this study introduces elements of a positive approach and tools to achieve such in the making of dance performance.
Keep Law Alive
Authors: White James Boyd
Published: August 2021

An account of the author’s recent book, Keep Law Alive, including: an assessment of the dangers which threaten law and the democracy it depends upon; an analysis of the ethically and intellectually praiseworthy methods and traditions law once enjoyed, using as examples the Model Penal Code, a pair of judicial opinions by Justice Holmes, and an essay on affirmative action; the elaboration of a way of thinking about law not as rules or policy or theory but as an inherently unstable but crucially important structure of thought and expression; and finally some attention to the question, how we might resist the corruption of law and, failing that,  and using Augustine as an example, how we might live with its loss.
SARS CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein-mediated Enhancement of Spike pseudotyped Lentivirus Infectivity and Loss of Sensitivity to Neutralisation
Authors: Mishra Tarun , Sreepadmanabh M , Chande Ajit
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND: The causative agent of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, SARS CoV-2, is a highly pathogenic virus requiring specialized biocontainment facilities. However, pseudotyping-based approaches using the spike glycoprotein have allowed for their study in BSL-2 level laboratories, enabling the rapid screening and identification of neutralizing antibodies, entry inhibitors, host factors, and therapeutic agents. However, this minimalist approach fails to capture the possible contributions and roles of other SARS CoV-2 genes in the entry process.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the relative effects of structural and non-structural genes of the SARS CoV-2 on the infectivity of spike-pseudotyped particles, using a lentiviral vector system.
METHODS AND RESULTS: An unbiased co-transfection screen of twenty-four SARS CoV-2 genes revealed the nucleocapsid (N) protein as a prime promoter of spike-pseudotyped lentivirus infectivity, as assayed by transduction of an ACE2+ cell line. The spike protein was also observed to be enriched in virions when augmented by the presence of the N gene during virus production. Further, N-enhanced spike-pseudoviruses exhibited a lowered sensitivity to neutralisation by an IgG-Fc fused ACE2 microbody. These results highlight the broad importance of incorporating specific accessory genes during spike-pseudovirus preparation, which may help better recapitulate a physiologically relevant
in vitromodel for SARS CoV-2 infectivity.
Overview of the Dermatology department at HUEH during the month of June 2021
Authors: DESRAVINES Ansly Jefferson , Jean Paul Axler , De Laleu Medgyne , Forestal Cristel Elena
Published: August 2021

Introduction

Few epidemiological data on skin disease are available in Haiti. Moreover, it is a specialty poorly known by our population. The aim is to draw up the epidemiological overview of the HUEH Dermatology department.

Methodology

This is a simple descriptive analysis of patients saw in the first consultation at the HUEH dermatology department during our visit. Data were collected from the register of the outpatient clinic. 367 patients from June 1 to June 30, 2021, were collected. The variables studied were gender, age, diagnosis, and outcome. We have used for this work Microsoft Excel, SPSS, Microsoft Word, and Microsoft Powerpoint softwares.

Results

Mean age of our patients was 23.19 ±17.07 years, with extremes of 1 month and 88 years. The most represented age range was [19-65] years, representing 55.9% of our population. There was a predominance of females (61.9%) over males (38.1%) with a sex ratio of 0.61.

The 5 main diagnoses were Sarcoptosis 97 cases (26.4%), Eczema, grouping 5 types, 35 cases (9.5%), Acne 30 cases (8.2%), Dermatophytosis 21 cases (5,7%), Ringworm 18 cases (4.9%).

Among sarcoptosis patients, 39.2% were in the [19-65] age group and 53.6% were women. For those with Eczema, the age group [19-65] was still the most represented with 57.1%, and 60% were women. There were no patients older than 65 years with eczema. Regarding patients with Acne, 80% were in the [19-65] age group with 83.3% women. As for patients with dermatophytosis, 71.4% were in the [19-65] age group and 81% was women. The last most frequent skin disease was ringworm with 61.1% of patients aged [5-18] years and 77.8% of these were males. 99.45% of patients were seen as outpatients.

Conclusion

Parasitic and mycotic skin diseases are the main diagnosed diseases at the HUEH Dermatology Department during our period. Women from 19 to 65 years (pillar of the national economy) are the most affected by sarcoptosis (53.6%), eczema (60%), acne (83%), and dermatophytes (81%). Note that male children represent 77.8% of ringworm cases. We couldn’t talk about women’s health without a dermatological perspective. Hence the need to integrate dermatological pathologies into prevention and health promotion policies. More extensive observations are needed for a better profile of the epidemiology of skin diseases in Haiti.
A Study on Current Perspective of Supply Chain Management of Textile & Clothing Industry of Bangladesh in relevant to Future Demand
Authors: Debnath Smita Rani
Published: August 2021

The aim of this paper is to identify the current status of Supply Chain Management (SCM) in Textile & clothing Industry of Bangladesh. Also to discover the main issues faced regarding the supply chain, such as, inventory management, Longer Lead time ,collaboration, technology & logistics management . Also to relate it to the Modern Supply Chain in relevant to future Demand for the sustainable growth of this Industry . Textile industry of Bangladesh has been occupying as the largest source of exports and foreign currency for the country . It contributes 82.3% of the total export of Bangladesh .Also 4.00 Millions of women and men are employed in this industry. The export-oriented RMG sector has some distinctive features, which differentiate it from other businesses. Wage, supply chain, timeframe, and compliances are among the most important features of this business. Whatever the wage level or lead time is without proper supply chain management no business is viable. Our endeavor was to manage and exploit the opportunity that lies in an integrated supply chain which will provide competitive advantage to the Bangladesh garment factories. The study revels that the decision makers and planners of Textile & Clothing Industry should align their supply chain strategies, work together with all the supply chain partners, share information among the stages of supply chain, have a standard SCM procedure, comply the code of conduct, adapt changing technologies, minimize corruption and bureaucratic tangles in customs, cut lead time etc to sustain its growth.
Perception of discrimination in a group of colombian general practitioners during the COVID-19 pandemic and its relation to labor and psychological factors
Authors: Monterrosa-Castro Álvaro , González-Sequeda Andrea , Beltrán-Barrios Teresa
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: estimar la prevalencia de percepción de discriminación y su asociación con estrés laboral, ansiedad y miedo al COVID-19 en médicos generales colombianos. Métodos: Estudio transversal que pertenece al proyecto Dinámicas Psicosociales Universitarias, aval institucional de la Universidad de Cartagena, Colombia. Médicos generales colombianos fueron invitados por redes sociales a diligenciar, los primeros cinco días de abril-2020, un formulario Google Forms© con preguntas sobre temores y opiniones respecto al COVID-19 y las herramientas: Test de Estrés Laboral, Generalized Anxiety Disorder y Fear of COVID-19 Scale. Estudio anónimo, voluntario, aceptación de términos y consentimiento informado. Se conformaron dos grupos: con percepción de discriminación y sin percepción de discriminación, según respuesta a la pregunta “haber tenido percepción de discriminación por su condición de médico”, en los últimos días de marzo-2020. Se realizó regresión logística entre percepción de discriminación con ansiedad, estrés laboral y miedo al COVID-19. Resultados: Participaron 531 médicos colombianos, la mitad entre 20-30 años. 207 (39%) informaron percepción de discriminación. Ansiedad, estrés, temores y miedos relacionados con la pandemia y la labor profesional fueron altamente prevalentes y más frecuentes en el grupo con percepción de discriminación (p<0.05). La presencia y severidad de ansiedad, estrés y temores por el COVID-19 se asociaron con mayor presencia de percepción de discriminación; sentirse protegido por sus superiores laborales se asoció con menor percepción de discriminación. Conclusión: Dos de cada cinco participantes informaron percepción de discriminación, evento social que se asoció con ansiedad, estrés, temores y opiniones sobre la actividad médica en la pandemia.
Self Medication Prevalence in Child’s who Consult for Respiratory Tract Diseases and Acute Diarrheal Disease to Clínica Universidad de la Sabana
Authors: Agudelo Pérez Sergio Iván , Maldonado Calderón María José , Gamboa Garay Oscar Andrés , Upeguí Daniel , Durán Cárdenas Catalina
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Establecer la prevalencia de automedicación en niños de 0 a 15 años que consultan a un servicio de pediatría y explorar posibles factores de riesgo. Metodología: Estudio de corte transversal. Se incluyeron pacientes pediátricos con enfermedad respiratoria o enfermedad diarreica aguda. Se aplicó un instrumento para recolectar la información. Se exploraron posibles factores de riesgo asociadas con la automedicación. Se estimó, como medida de efecto, OR con su intervalo de confianza. Se estableció el valor de significancia estadística con un valor de p< 0,05. Resultados: Se incluyeron 300 menores. Se encontró una prevalencia de automedicación del 46%. Los medicamentos más usados fueron el acetaminofén (78%) y el ibuprofeno (15%). El 75% consideran que la automedicación es perjudicial para la salud. Se encontró posible asociación para la automedicación con el antecedente de previo de automedicación y la edad del niño. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de automedicación es alta y similar a la encontrada en la literatura. Los posibles factores de riesgo son la experiencia previa de automedicación y la edad del niño. Desde la atención primaria es adecuado realizar campañas educativas a la población de los riesgos de la automedicación.
Asociación entre la exposición al frío y el asma: revisión sistemática y meta-análisis, 1965-2015
Authors: Zuluaga Ramírez Germán , Sarmiento Combariza Iván , Pimentel González Juan , Andersson Neil
Published: August 2021

Objectives: to conduct a systematic review and a meta-analysis of observational and expe- rimental studies that explore the relation between asthma and cold exposure. Materials and methods: systematic review of experimental and observational studies pu- blished up to August 2015 in Pubmed, Embase and Lilacs. Two researchers selected studies that measured the occurrence of asthma in individuals exposed to different environmen- tal temperatures. A meta-analysis used RevMan 5.3’s random effects model to calculate a summary weighted Odds Ratio with 95% confidence intervals, and a sensitivity analysis identified the influence of each study. Subsequent subgroup analyses identified summary measures by type of cold exposure and study design. Additional analysis measured hetero- geneity and risk of bias. Results: we found 86 studies measuring the relation between cold exposure and asthma. We included 11.6% (10/86) of the studies in the meta-analysis and found an association between cold exposure and asthma with all the studies (ORw 2.0 95%CI 1.28-3.14), with the subgroup of experimental studies (ORw 3.8 IC95% 1.70-8.86), and with cold environmental air (ORw 1.59 IC95% 1.10-2.30). The studies had high risk of bias and statistical heteroge- neity [I2 : 63.1% (27%-81.4%)]. Conclusions: the results support the hypothesis of an association between asthma and cold exposure. This study encourages to explore the concepts proposed by traditional medi- cine to establish its benefits on prevention and care of respiratory diseases, such as asthma.
Assessment of body composition according to obesity risk factor in university
Authors: Carrero González Carmen , Lastre-Amell Gloria , Alejandra-Oróstegui María , Ruiz-Escorcia Linda , Parody Muñoz Alexander
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Evaluar la composición corporal según impedancia y factor de riesgo de obesidad en estudiantes universitarios sanos. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal. Población muestra; 217 estudiantes pertenecientes a la facultad de ciencias de la salud de una Universidad privada de Barranquilla en edades entre 18 a 33 años quienes cumplían los criterios de inclusión previo consentimiento informado. Se evaluaron las variables: sexo, edad, índice de masa corporal, grasa corporal, grasa visceral, musculo esquelético por método de impedancia y niveles de presión arterial. Resultados: el 77% de sexo femenino y 23% masculino, el promedio de edad (homogéneo 21.0), el 57,6% revelo IMC normal, 24,4% sobre peso, el grupo femenino con IMC normal presentaron grasa corporal alto (44,80%) y muy alto (12,00%), un incremento en grasa corporal se detectó como alto (30,95%) y muy alto (44,64%)en el sexo femenino y la grasa visceral como alto (16,33%) y muy alto(4,08%) en el sexo masculino, se observaron cifras de franca hipertensión (26,53%) en el grupo de estudiantes masculino. Conclusiones: Jóvenes de ambos sexos quienes se les detecto sobre peso u obesidad y niveles altos de grasa corporal y visceral, en los del sexo masculino se les detecto una prevalencia de hipertensión leve y franca hipertensión. Es necesario tomar medidas para fomentar practicas saludables.
Developing Oral Interaction Skills in Foreign Language Learners through Media Literacy
Authors: Neiva Montaño Heydi Karen
Published: August 2021

Few studies in Colombia have incorporated media literacy in TEFL (Teaching English as a Foreign Language) environments. This paper presents the results of a research conducted in an upper-intermediate course in the Language Institute of the District University (ILUD) in Bogotá. A media literacy model was adapted to create weekly radio workshops in an eight-week pedagogical intervention. During the research study, data were collected from the participants' weekly interactions, discussions, reflections, as well as from semi-structured interviews and field notes taken from my observations as a participant-observer. It was found that EFL learners from a mixed-ability group were engaged in media literacy practices, mainly when they reflected upon news through their realities, beliefs, and attitudes. The results of this study demonstrated that students developed oral interaction skills and acquired diverse strategies that helped them discuss messages from different media outlets, express their personal opinions, and gather additional information to support their findings.
¿Cuál es el input lingüístico al que se exponen los aprendices de inglés como lengua extranjera?
Authors: Hernández Méndez Edith , Chi Canul Hilario , Ortiz Martínez Azucena
Published: August 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo describir la exposición al inglés (dentro y fuera del salón de clases) por parte de estudiantes de tres licenciaturas de una universidad del sureste mexicano. Utilizamos un enfoque cuantitativo con alcance correlacional, mediante una encuesta, y adoptamos el modelo cognitivista e interaccionista de Gass (2018) como perspectiva teórica. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de los aprendices no recurren a otras fuentes de input lingüístico fuera del aula, o lo hacen por muy poco tiempo y con poca frecuencia. Además, muchas fuentes utilizadas por docentes y estudiantes no son interactivas. Identificamos como factores que median el input lingüístico de estos estudiantes el tipo de texto (oral vs. escrito), la saliencia de las formas lingüísticas, los conocimientos previos, la distancia social, la motivación, las actitudes y la atención, y agregaríamos otro filtro: las fuentes humanas o no humanas; la interacción con humanos es la menos utilizada y puede ser por cuestiones de personalidad o por las emociones que provoca el intercambio oral con nativo-hablantes. Con respecto al nivel de inglés, los estudiantes del nivel introductorio e intermedio parecen ser los más motivados para exponerse a actividades fuera del salón de clases.
Presentation of combinatorial concepts in mathematics textbooks and its compliance with a concept development theory
Authors: Zenkl David
Published: August 2021

Článek analyzuje přístupy k vybraným kombinatorickým konceptům v pěti českých středoškolských učebnicích matematiky s cílem zjistit, do jaké míry tyto učebnice poskytují podporu učitelům pro výuku založenou na teorii poznávacího procesu v matematice. Analýza učebnic byla vedena na pozadí teorie generických modelů, přičemž důraz byl položen na přítomnost a kvalitu a) izolovaných modelů a nemodelů budoucího poznatku, b) výzev k zobecňování jako nutnému předpokladu tvorby generického modelu, c) grafických  reprezentací jako nezbytné podpory rozvoje kombinatorického uvažování. Bylo zjištěno, že učebnice jsou si v mnoha směrech dosti podobné, ale v jistých ohledech se odlišují. V učebnicích jsme identifikovali mj. nedostatečnou motivaci pro kombinatoriku, nízký počet izolovaných modelů budoucího poznatku, absenci explicitních výzev k zobecňování a z toho plynoucí absenci významného konceptu izomorfismus. Navzdory výzkumně prokázanému pozitivnímu vlivu přítomnosti a vlastní tvorby grafických reprezentací na rozvoj žákovského kombinatorického myšlení se v učebnicích vyskytují reprezentace zřídka, a navíc s malou rozmanitostí. Autoři učebnic až na výjimky nevyzývají čtenáře k tvorbě vlastních grafických reprezentací. Od analyzovaných učebnic se odlišuje jedna, která obsahuje časté výzvy k tvorbě vlastních reprezentací, pracuje záměrně s izomorfními úlohami a vyzývá čtenáře k zobecňování konkrétních postupů.
On Writing Fluid Histories of Modern Art with Jacques Rancière
Authors: Rybačiauskaitė Karolina
Published: August 2021

In this paper it is claimed that the conception of art regimes by Jacques Rancière may be a productive tool for coming across various binary oppositions used while thinking about modern art, such as modernism/social realism, official/non-official, political/apolitical, and let us write more fluid histories of modern art in the post-socialist and post-soviet countries.
Apuleiův Zlatý osel a antická literární tradice v umění rudolfínské doby
Authors: Savická Pavla
Published: August 2021

The study follows fortunes of the famous Ancient Roman novel and its impact on the visual arts in the early modern period. Special attention is paid to the Rudolphine art and to the distinctive transformation of the theme of Cupid and Psyche at the court of the emperor. It deals with various changes in meaning of the iconography as it traveled through time, space, and different media and suggests diverse possible readings of works inspired by Apuleius's Golden Ass.
Panelák jako výsledek vědeckotechnického experimentu
Authors: Novotná Eva
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the history of prefabricated houses (panelaks) in the context of Czechoslovakian construction industry at the turn of the 50´s and 60´s. It focuses on the historical, ideological and material aspects of the development and seeks further influences in political and social issues of that time, including a short excursion to the Soviet Union. The article pays main attention to construction experiments (especially monoliths) and the invention of housing districts (estates) of the time.
Numerical simulation of hydrodynamic oscillation of side-by-side double-floating-system with a narrow gap in waves
Authors: Zhang Zhiyang , Liu Weixing , Zheng Xiongbo , Liu Hengxu , Li Ningyu
Published: August 2021

In offshore oil and gas exploration and transportation, it is often encountered that the multi-floating structures work side by side. In some sea conditions, there is a strong coupling between the multi-floating structures that seriously affects the safety of offshore operations. Therefore, the prediction of the relative motion and force between the multi-floating structures and the wave elevation around the multi-floating-system has become a hot issue. At present, the problem of double-floating-system is mostly based on linear potential flow theory. However, when the gap width between two floating bodies is small, the viscous and nonlinear effects are not negligible, so the potential flow theory has great limitations. Based on the viscous flow theory, using the finite difference solution program of FLOW3D and using volume of fluid technology to capture the free surface, a three-dimensional numerical wave basin is established, and the numerical results of the wave are compared with the theoretical solution. On this basis, the hydrodynamic model of side-by-side double-floating-system with a narrow gap is established, and the flow field in the narrow gap of the fixed double-floating-system under the regular wave is analyzed in detail. The law of the gap-resonance is studied, which provides valuable reference for the future research on the multi-floating-system.
Position-dependent finite symmetric mass harmonic like oscillator: Classical and quantum mechanical study
Authors: Rath Biswanath , Mallick Pravanjan , Mohapatra Prachiprava , Asad Jihad , Shanak Hussein , Jarrar Rabab
Published: August 2021

We formulated the oscillators with position-dependent finite symmetric decreasing and increasing mass. The classical phase portraits of the systems were studied by analytical approach (He’s frequency formalism). We also study the quantum mechanical behaviour of the system and plot the quantum mechanical phase space for necessary comparison with the same obtained classically. The phase portrait in all the cases exhibited closed loop reflecting the stable system but the quantum phase portrait exhibited the inherent signature (cusp or kink) near origin associated with the mass. Although the systems possess periodic motion, the discrete eigenvalues do not possess any similarity with that of the simple harmonic oscillator having m = 1.
Study of dynamic pressure on the packer for deep-water perforation
Authors: Huang Hao , Deng Qiao , Zhang Hui
Published: August 2021

The packer is one of the most important tools in deep-water perforation combined well testing, and its safety directly determines the success of perforation test operations. The study of dynamic perforating pressure on the packer is one of the key technical problems in the production of deep-water wells. However, there are few studies on the safety of packers with shock loads. In this article, the three-dimensional finite element models of downhole perforation have been established, and a series of numerical simulations are carried out by using orthogonal design. The relationship between the perforating peak pressure on the packer with the factors such as perforating charge quantity, wellbore pressure, perforating explosion volume, formation pressure, and elastic modulus is established. Meanwhile, the database is established based on the results of numerical simulation, and the calculation model of peak pressure on the packer during perforating is obtained by considering the reflection and transmission of shock waves on the packer. The results of this study have been applied in the field case of deep-water well, and the safety optimization program for deep-water downhole perforation safety has been put forward. This study provides important theoretical guidance for the safety of the packer during deep-water perforating.
Crystallization law of karst water in tunnel drainage system based on DBL theory
Authors: Wang YongDong , Liu Yang , Qi ChuFan , Zhou TianYue , Ye Ming , Wang Tao
Published: August 2021

When a tunnel is constructed in a karst area, crystallization of the drainage pipe caused by karst water often threatens the normal operation of the tunnel. This work contributes to this field of research by proposing a functional model based on the diffusion boundary layer (DBL) theory proposed by Dreybrodt in the 1990s. The model is formed by determining the flow rate distribution of the drainage pipe in a laminar flow state and turbulent state, and then by applying Fick’s diffusion law and Skelland’s approximate formula. Then, to further verify the applicability of the functional model, a model test was carried out in the laboratory and the test results are compared to the theoretical results. The results show that the crystallization rate of karst water is mainly affected by the roughness of the pipe wall, followed by the slope of pipes. The slope can affect flow state by controlling the flow rate, which in turn affects the crystallization rate of karst water. When the slope of the drainage pipe is 3, 4, and 5%, the error between the experimental results and the theoretical calculation results is 24.7, 8.07, and 27.9%, respectively, and when the liquid level in the pipe is 7.2, 10.2, and 13.3 mm, the error is 27.9, 9.82, and 2.07%, respectively. Considering that the flow will take away the crystalline deposits on the pipe wall in the experiment, although some results have certain errors, they do not affect the overall regularity.
Diesel engine waste heat recovery system comprehensive optimization based on system and heat exchanger simulation
Authors: Li Da , Sun Qiang , Sun Ke , Zhang Guodong , Bai Shuzhan , Li Guoxiang
Published: August 2021

To further improve the thermal efficiency of diesel engines, a waste heat recovery system model utilizing organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is constructed and verified through system bench test and heat exchanger bench test. To recover waste heat from diesel engine exhaust, ethanol, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, R1233zd (E), and R245fa were selected for comparison. The quality of heat source, the quality of evaporator, the system output, and the system complicity were taken as variables for comparison. Analysis shows that for ORC systems without recuperator, ethanol system has the best system output of the five in a wide operation temper range, with the highest exergy efficiency of 24.1%, yet the exergy efficiency increase after the application of recuperator, 9.0%, is limited. For low temperature exhaust, cyclopentane system has the best performance with or without recuperator, and the cyclopentane system with recuperator has the best performance in terms of exergy efficiency, 27.6%, though complex heat exchangers are also required for high power output. The system output of the R1233zd system is better than the R245fa system, yet the advantage of low evaporate temperature can be better utilized for low quality waste heat recovery.
The impact of antisperm antibodies on human male reproductive function: an update
Authors: Silva Andreia Filipa , Ramalho-Santos João , Amaral Sandra
Published: August 2021

Immune infertility occurs due to the presence of antisperm antibodies (ASA). This type of infertility has a relatively low prevalence (2.6–6.6% in infertile men), and its etiology, risk factors, targets, and consequences for male fertility are not completely understood. While it is largely accepted that abnormalities in the blood–testis barrier and/or blood–epididymal barrier are the main factors behind its etiology, and that sperm motility is the most frequently reported altered parameter, few are the well-defined risk factors and ASA targets only now started to be disclosed, with proteins involved in sperm–oocyte interaction rising as the most significant. The development of potential treatments is also limited, being the corticosteroids the more promising. Overall, there are still many knowledge gaps related to immune infertility. With this review, we aimed to gather all the information collected from studies developed in humans in the last decade. Despite the controversial results/inconsistencies, that are not only a result of the complexity of mechanisms/variables involved in ASA infertility but also from the technical approaches to assess ASA and the lack of a consensus regarding the thresholds to be used, this manuscript aims to bring a fresh update on the field. It has become clear that, to obtain more/reliable data, there is a need to assess ASA in all the routine seminal analyses, following WHO recommendations. In this way, it will be possible to obtain consistent and comparable information, that can add to current knowledge. Additionally, multicentric studies with large cohorts are also missing, and future research should take this into consideration.
Blastocyst trophectoderm endocytic activation, a marker of adverse developmental programming
Authors: Caetano Laura , Eckert Judith J , Johnston David , Chatelet David S , Tumbarello David A , Smyth Neil R , Ingamells Sue , Price Anthony , Fleming Tom P
Published: August 2021

The mouse preimplantation embryo is sensitive to its environment, including maternal dietary protein restriction, which can alter the developmental programme and affect lifetime health. Previously, we have shown maternal low-protein diet (LPD) causes a reduction in blastocyst mTORC1 signalling coinciding with reduced availability of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in surrounding uterine fluid. BCAA deficiency leads to increased endocytosis and lysosome biogenesis in blastocyst trophectoderm (TE), a response to promote compensatory histotrophic nutrition. Here, we first investigated the induction mechanism by individual variation in BCAA deficiency in an in vitro quantitative model of TE responsiveness. We found isoleucine (ILE) deficiency as the most effective activator of TE endocytosis and lysosome biogenesis, with less potent roles for other BCAAs and insulin; cell volume was also influential. TE response to low ILE included upregulation of vesicles comprising megalin receptor and cathepsin-B, and the response was activated from blastocyst formation. Secondly, we identified the transcription factor TFEB as mediating the histotrophic response by translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus during ILE deficiency and in response to mTORC1 inhibition. Lastly, we investigated whether a similar mechanism responsive to maternal nutritional status was found in human blastocysts. Blastocysts from women with high body-mass index, but not the method of fertilisation, revealed stimulated lysosome biogenesis and TFEB nuclear migration. We propose TE lysosomal phenotype as an early biomarker of environmental nutrient stress that may associate with long-term health outcomes.
Investigation of a formaldehyde-free cottonseed flour-based adhesive for interior plywood
Authors: Chen Nairong , Huang Jian , Li Kaichang
Published: August 2021

A new formaldehyde-free wood adhesive, primarily composed of defatted cottonseed flour (CF) and polyamine-epichlorohydrin (K736) resin, was investigated for the preparation of interior plywood. Sodium hydroxide was an essential component of the adhesive. The effects of pH values of the CF-K736 adhesive, the CF/K736 weight ratio on the pot life of the adhesive, and the water resistance of the resulting plywood panels were investigated in detail. The hot-pressing temperature and time were optimized in terms of the water resistance of the resulting plywood panels. The resulting 5-ply plywood panels met the industrial water resistance requirements for interior application under the following conditions: pH > 11, CF/K736 weight ratio in the range of 8/1 to 5/1, hot-press temperature ≥ 120 °C, and hot-pressing time > 4 min. The pot life of the adhesive was approximately 3 h when the pH was 12 and the CF/K736 weight ratio was 8/1. The curing mechanism of the adhesive is discussed.