bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing and validating a parenting program based on the lived experiences of mothers with hearing impaired children
Authors: Mortazavi Kiasari Fatemeh , Donyavi Reza , Esmaeili Shad Behrang
Published: January 2024

Aim: The purpose of the research was to develop and validate a parenting program based on the lived experiences of mothers with hearing impaired children. Method: The research was conducted in a qualitative-quantitative way. The research community consisted of mothers with hearing impaired children in Sari and Miandorud cities. In the qualitative part, the purposeful sampling method was used until saturation. Sampling method was available in quantitative section and 16 mothers were selected. The interview tool was unstructured. In order to ensure validity and reliability, the recorded interviews along with the content obtained from them were provided to the interviewees and the method of reliability of extracted data according to the conducted interviews was used. Transferability method was used to provide validity. The total efficiency of two encoders is equal to 0.90. SPSS 26 and Amos software were used to determine the validity and suitability of program components. Results: Based on the interviews and the background of the research, the mentioned parenting program was compiled in 10 sessions, which consists of: accepting the child's deaf problem, using the experiences of mothers with deaf children, familiarizing mothers with how to care for a deaf child, Acquaintance with methods of emotion control, familiarization with ways to relieve the feeling of helplessness, familiarization with ways to communicate with a deaf child, interaction with the child, familiarization with ways to relieve the feeling of fatigue, relief from the feeling of hopelessness, relief from the child's feeling of loneliness. Conclusion: The research results showed the validity and appropriateness of the compiled components of the parenting program based on the lived experiences of mothers.
The effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment on sexual performance and emotional safety in men with cardiovascular disease
Authors: Amiri Majid , Khosh Akhlagh Hasan , Sajadian Parinaz Sadat , Rezaie Jamalouei Hasan
Published: January 2024

Aim: The aim of the research was to determine the effectiveness of the treatment based on acceptance and commitment on sexual performance and emotional safety in people with cardiovascular disease. Method: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a two-month follow-up phase. The statistical population of the study was cardiovascular patients in Isfahan city in 2022, and 34 patients were selected using the purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to one experimental group and one control group (17 people in each group). The research tools were Rosen's Male Sexual Performance Questionnaire (2004) and Emotional Safety Questionnaire. Treatment based on acceptance and commitment was implemented in 9 sessions of 90 minutes once a week and the control group was waiting for treatment. The data were analyzed using the statistical method of mixed analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test. Results: The results showed that the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment and transdiagnostic treatment was on the components of sexual function and emotional safety in cardiovascular patients (P<0.001). Also, the results showed that these effects had maintained their stability in the follow-up phase (P<0.001). Conclusions: Therefore, both interventions can be used to improve the components of sexual function and emotional safety of cardiovascular patients and improve their quality of life.
The effectiveness of emotion regulation protocol on family functioning and marital commitment in couples with low resilience
Authors: Gholamkia Mostafa , Karami Jahangir , Goudarzi Mohammad
Published: January 2024

Aim: The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of emotional regulation protocol on family functioning and marital commitment in couples with low resilience. Methods: The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a follow-up period. The statistical population of the research was made up of all the couples referring to education counseling centers in Kermanshah city in 2021 who had low resilience. 30 couples were selected as a sample using available sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. In order to collect data, Sikby's resilience questionnaires (2005), Epstein and Baldwin Bishop's family functioning (1983) and Adams and Jones' marital commitment (1997) were used. The experimental group received the emotional regulation protocol for 12 sessions (one session per week, each session 45 minutes). The meetings were held in groups. Results: During this time, the control group did not receive any intervention. Using analysis of covariance in the SPSS-25 software, the effectiveness of emotion regulation protocol on family functions and marital commitment was confirmed. Conclusion: Based on the results of this research, it is suggested to use the protocol of this research to improve marital commitment and family functions in family counseling centers.
The Structural Model of Relationships Between Dimensions of Personality Pathology and bullying Through Self handicapping Among High School Students
Authors: Poure Maria , Sabet Mehrdad , Dortaj Fariborz , Bagheri Nasrin
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: The phenomenon of bullying in schools is one of the things that can threaten the safety of students and consequently cause educational issues. The present study aimed to evaluate the structural model of the relationship between the dimensions of personality pathology and bullying through conditional self-handicapping among high school students. Methods: This research was conducted using the structural equation modeling method. The statistical population of the present study included all high school girls of District 2 of Tehran in the academic year 2021-22, who were 145,398 students, according to the Tehran Department of Education. According to the Michel (1993) criteria and the multi-stage cluster sampling method, 300 people were selected as a sample. They completed the following instruments: Schwinger, & Stiensmeier-Pelster self-incapacitation questionnaire (2011), Olweus bullying questionnaire (1986), and the short form of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Personality Questionnaire (PID-5-BF). Data analysis was done using Pearson correlation method and structural equation modeling with SPSS and Lisrel software. Results: The findings of the structural model test showed that personality dimensions have a positive relationship with self-handicapping (β=0.43; P<0.001) and bullying (β=0.33; P<0.001). Also, the relationship between self-handicapping and bullying was positive (β=0.25; P<0.001). The results of mediation effects showed that academic self-handicapping plays a mediating role in the relationship between abnormal personality dimensions and bullying (P<0.001). Conclusion: The results generally showed that the tested model has a good fit with the conceptual model.
Identifying and analyzing the challenges of virtual education during the Covid-19 pandemic in the first secondary school
Authors: Soleimani Touran , Nakhostin Goldoust Asghar
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: virtual education is the intersection of distance education, computer-based education and internet technologies. The main purpose of this article was to identify and analyze the challenges of virtual education during the Covid-19 pandemic in the first secondary school. Methods: The research method is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). To conduct this research, in addition to document study, thematic analysis technique with MAXQDA12 software was used. The statistical population consisted of all experts in the field of educational management and primary education and teachers with high experience and work experience in education, after conducting 15 theoretical saturation interviews, and in the quantitative part of the statistical population, all university experts and teachers included 21 people. Dimtel technique has been used to determine the effectiveness and effectiveness of virtual education threats and opportunities Results: Qualitative findings showed that 7 components were extracted for threats and 6 components for opportunities; Quantitative findings showed that the criteria of economic components, parental involvement, educational-emotional and cultural, reduction of time and distance, evaluation and feedback, infrastructures and educational opportunities are effective components respectively. Conclusion: The components of economy, parental participation, educational-emotional and cultural, reduction of time and distance, evaluation and feedback, infrastructure and educational opportunities were the most effective. The components of preserving social and national resources, opportunities for evaluation and feedback, educational justice, attracting students, reducing costs, and learning quality are considered to be the most effective components, respectively.
Prediction of adolescent social anxiety based on parents' parenting styles
Authors: Karimzadeh Navadian Taha
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: Social anxiety is one of the most common anxiety disorders that are influenced by factors such as parenting styles. Parents' parenting styles play the most important role in raising children. Considering the importance of this issue, the present study was conducted with the aim of predicting social anxiety based on parents' parenting styles. Methods: This research is of applied type and its method is survey and quantitative in terms of implementation. The statistical population of this research was all male students of the first level of secondary school in Tehran, who were studying in the second semester of the academic year 2014-2016. Considering the size of the population (26600 people) and referring to the table of Morgan and Karjesi, 258 male students were selected as a sample by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The instruments studied were Baumrind's parenting style questionnaires (1973) and Leibovitz's social anxiety questionnaire (2003). Data analysis was done using Spss software version 23. Results: Data analysis using Pearson's correlation coefficient showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between permissive parenting and performance anxiety, as well as between authoritarian parenting and performance anxiety and authoritarian parenting and situational anxiety. There was a positive and meaningful relationship between social groups. In contrast, there was no significant relationship between permissive parenting and social situation anxiety, authoritarian parenting and performance anxiety, and between authoritarian parenting and social situation anxiety. Also, data analysis using multiple regression showed that authoritative parenting style is a negative and significant predictor of social anxiety (P<0.01) and permissive and authoritarian parenting styles are predictive. Social anxiety is positive and significant (P<0.01). Conclusion: According to the findings, it is very necessary to design and hold family education programs and workshops in the field of informing parents about parenting styles and the effect of each of them on their children. It is possible to reduce children's social anxiety by changing parents' attitudes and improving family relationships.
Structural equations of the relationship between the psychological needs of male and female employees with the experience of being overwhelmed at work with the mediation of organizational commitment
Authors: Attaran Elnaz , Tizdast Taher , Zarbakhsh Bahri Mohammad Reza
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: The current research was conducted with the aim of structural equations of the relationship between the psychological needs of employees and the experience of being overwhelmed at work with the mediation of organizational commitment. Methods: The method of the current research was of the correlation type and the method of structural equations was used. All the employees of the Islamic Azad Universities of Tehran in the academic year of 2020-21 formed the statistical population of the present study, and 339 employees were selected as a sample using random sampling. To collect data, a questionnaire tool was used: a questionnaire on the experience of drowning in work (Talabeigi, 2013), psychological needs (Deci & Ryan, 2000) and an organizational commitment questionnaire (Allen & Mayer, 1997) were the research tools, which were reliable and valid. Questionnaires in this research were calculated using Cronbach's alpha 0.865, 0.921 and 0.793 respectively for the aforementioned questionnaires. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation model were used and using software SPSS 24 and AMOS 24 were used. Results: The results of the analysis showed that there is a significant positive and direct relationship between the psychological needs of employees with the experience of drowning in work and the organizational commitment of the organization (P ≥ 0.05). Also, the results of structural equation analysis showed that organizational commitment mediates the relationship between employees' psychological needs and the experience of being overwhelmed at work (P ≥ 0.05). Conclusion: Attention and emphasis on promoting organizational commitment help creating a clear image of effective human resources with appropriate psychological needs and the experience of drowning in work.
A research synthesis of effective components of depression treatment to develop a web-based package
Authors: Fathi Ali , Koochak Entezar Roya , Golshani Fatemeh
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: Treating depression as one of the most common mental disorders has always been a challenge. The aim of this study was to thematically analyze depression and find related topics in order to develop a web-based treatment package. In this research, depression and its treatment have been studied from different aspects. Methods: In order to achieve this qualitative research goal, research synthesis and thematic analysis techniques have been used. After analyzing related articles, 114 Persian and English articles indexed in reliable scientific databases were targeted. Results: The results of the study showed that depression treatment contains eighteen sub-themes which are classified into 4 main themes. Sub-themes such as “behavior modification and adjustment, reward, behavioral activation, improvement of sleep quality” were categorized as behavioral components of depression. Another major theme was the cognitive component, which included problem solving skill, changing inefficient schemas, reducing rumination, challenging negative beliefs, decision-making skill, reducing selfcriticism, fixing cognitive errors and mindfulness skill. Another main theme was related to the emotional component, which included three themes of strengthening of internal motivation, self-compassion and emotion regulation skill. Finally, the communication component was identified as the last main theme and included three components of empathy skill, effective communication skill and assertiveness skill. Conclusion: Based on the results of the thematic (theme) analysis that was done on 114 scientific research articles with the topic of depression, 4 main themes with 18 secondary primary themes were obtained to prepare the structure and content of depression intervention software.
The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment approach on quality of life and body image in patients with skin disorders by modulating emotional reactivity
Authors: Alikhah Sanaz , Akbari Bahman , Abolghasemi Abbas
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: Psychosomatic disorders of the skin include skin diseases in which psychological causes and consequences or accompanying conditions have a fundamental and therapeutic effect on the disease process. The aim of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of the acceptance and commitment approach on quality of life and body image by modulating emotional reactivity in patients with skin disorders. Method: In this semi-experimental research, pre-test and post-test were used for two experimental and control groups, and the follow-up phase was implemented after two months. The statistical population included all patients with skin disorders in Tabriz, 15 people with high reactivity and 15 people with low reactivity in the acceptance and commitment group, and 15 people with low reactivity and 15 people with high reactivity in the control group. They were randomly replaced. World Health Organization quality of life questionnaires and body image scale (1990) were used as data collection tools. Analysis of variance with repeated measurements was used to analyze the data. Findings: The results of the analysis of variance with repeated measurements showed that the approach based on acceptance and commitment has created a significant increase in the body image (P<0.01) and the quality of life (P<0.01) of patients with skin disorders. And these results remained stable in the two-month follow-up (P<0.05). Also, the results showed that the interactive effect of emotional reactivity and group has no significant effect on quality of life and body image. Conclusion: Teaching interventions based on acceptance and commitment are effective in improving the quality of life and body image in patients with skin disorders.
Developing an intervention program based on attachment to God and investigating its effectiveness on ineffective spiritual schemas and spiritual well-being
Authors: Nazari Mohammad , Ghobari Bonab Bagher , Bahrinan Seyed Abdul Majid , Haji Alizadeh Kobra
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: Inefficient spiritual patterns of our adaptation to God's laws cause problems in the society in living environments, the present study aims to formulate an intervention program based on attachment to God and examine its effectiveness on ineffective spiritual patterns and spiritual well-being. Methods: From a methodological point of view, the current research was a quasi-experimental research design with a pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population of this research was made up of all employees of Continental Plateau Oil Company in 2019. The sample of this study was 60 people who were randomly selected in two experimental and control groups (20 people in each subgroup) based on the criteria of entering and exiting the study. The research tool was the questionnaire of ineffective spiritual schemas, attachment to God and spiritual well-being, which was completed by all participants in the pre-test and post-test phases. God attachment sessions were held for experimental group participants in nine 120-minute sessions, while control group participants did not receive any intervention. Research data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance and using SPSS-22 software. Results: The results showed that the intervention based on the quality of attachment to God has an effect on all the components of ineffective spiritual schemas and spiritual well-being (P<0.01). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the intervention based on the quality of attachment to God led to the improvement of all the components of ineffective spiritual schemas and spiritual well-being
Sociological explanation of the use of information technology and the feeling of social security among young people in Tabriz
Authors: Moslemi Roghayeh , Zolghadr Khadijeh , Mohseni Tabrizi Alireza
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: Throughout human life, security is considered one of the main human needs and its importance has increased in the modern era to such an extent that according to some experts, the special and unique work of governments in today's modern world is to establish Security is due to the importance of security and the feeling of security, the present research has investigated the level of feeling of social security and the recognition of the most important factors related to it. Methods: This research was conducted by survey method and using questionnaire technique. The statistical population of the research is all young people aged 20-35 living in Tabriz city, and the sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula of 400 people. They were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. Results: The data analysis indicated that, if communication and information technology is used correctly, it can be used as an empowerment tool for the development of more comprehensive social security. The correlation coefficient between the amount of use of information technology with the social security feeling variable is equal to (0.115) and its significance level is (0.021), which indicates that there is a significant and direct relationship between the two variables. Among the dimensions of feeling of social security, the lowest feeling of security is related to the dimension of moral security and the highest feeling of security is related to the dimension of personal security. Conclusion: The findings indicated that there was a significant and direct relationship between the amount of information technology use and the feeling of social security.
Comparison of the effectiveness of positive cognitive behavior therapy and rational emotive behavior therapy on psychological well-being among unmarried women aged 25 to 35 in Tehran
Authors: Soleimani Delfared Saba , Saffarian Toosi Mohammad Reza , Jafari Forough
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: One of the axes of evaluating the health of different societies is the mental health status of the people of that society, and it is very important to pay attention to the psychological health status of different groups of society, especially the youth. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating and comparing the effectiveness of rational emotional behavior therapy and positive cognitive behavior therapy on psychological well-being in unmarried women aged 25 to 35 in Tehran. Methods: The test was with a control group and with a follow-up phase. The statistical population of this research was unmarried women aged 25 to 35 years old in Tehran who visited the neighborhood centers in one district of Tehran in the second half of 2021. The sampling method was purposeful. The research included a control group and two experimental groups, the number of each group was 20 people who were randomly placed in these groups. The instrument used in this research included Ryff's psychological well-being questionnaire (1989). The data analysis of this research was done in two sections of descriptive and inferential statistics. In the inferential statistics section, according to the research design, univariate covariance analysis test was used and SPSS version 24 software was used for data analysis. Results: The findings showed that both interventions are effective in increasing the psychological well-being of unmarried women aged 25 to 35, and this effect is stable in the follow-up phase. Comparing the results of these two interventions showed that the effect of positive cognitive behavior therapy on psychological well-being with an effect size of 0.54 is greater than that of rational emotional behavior therapy with an effect size of 0.49. Conclusion: According to the findings of this research, it can be said that the positive cognitive behavior therapy method is more effective than the rational emotional behavior therapy method on the psychological well-being of unmarried women aged 25 to 35 in Tehran, and this effect is stable in the follow-up phase. The positive cognitive behavior therapy approach can be used by therapists and clients as an effective method to improve the psychological well-being of unmarried women.
Developing a structural model of maladaptive schemas based on individual trauma and social trauma with the mediation of attachment styles
Authors: Chaharrahi Matin , Zarbakhsh Bahri Mohammad Reza , Khalatbari Javad , Tizdast Taher
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: Entering the university is always associated with a range of stressful academic, financial, communication, social and sometimes distance from the family. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the fit of the structural model of maladaptive schemas based on individual trauma and social trauma with the mediation of attachment styles. Methods: The study method was correlational. The statistical population was all the students of Islamic Azad University, Karaj branch, in the academic year 2020-21. The statistical sample consisted of 380 students who were selected online. Hazan and Shaver's (1987) attachment style questionnaire, Young's early maladaptive schemas questionnaire (1998), Bernstein et al.'s (2003) childhood trauma questionnaire, and researcher-made social trauma questionnaire were used. Results: The results showed that personal trauma has an effect on early maladaptive schemas with the mediation of secure attachment style (P<0.01); Personal trauma with the mediation of avoidant and ambivalent attachment style has no effect on early maladaptive schemas (P<0.05); Social trauma has an effect on early maladaptive schemas with the mediation of secure and avoidant attachment style (P<0.01); Social trauma with the mediation of ambivalent attachment style does not affect early maladaptive schemas (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that the structural model of maladaptive schemas based on individual trauma and social trauma with the mediation of attachment styles in the students of Islamic Azad University of Karaj has a sufficient fit; Therefore, providing the right environment from childhood can help reduce mental and personality disorders in the society.
Comparison of the effectiveness of conjoint behavioral counseling model and the application of parent-child relationship-based on games on the sleep quality of students with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Tabrizi Alireza , Tabrizi Mostafa , Estaki Mahnaz
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: Sleep problems in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder are a significant challenge for parents and teachers. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of parent training based on the Conjoint Behavioral Counselling (CBC) model and the application of parent-child relationship training based on games (CPRT) on the sleep quality in students with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Methods: The research method was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. For this purpose, a semi-structured interview was taken from the volunteer parents of students referred to the Roozbeh Mandegar Tehran counseling center with the aim of having physical health, not receiving treatment, not taking medication by the child, and not receiving counseling in the field of parenting from other counseling centers. In order to diagnose attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, CSI4 children's symptoms questionnaire was used. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire was also administered. Among those whose children had attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and also had poor sleep quality, 45 people were selected to participate in the research and were randomly divided into groups of 15 people as two experimental groups and one control group. The experimental groups were trained every week for 1 hour for 10 weeks, while the control group did not receive any training. For data analysis, statistical test of mixed analysis of variance and SPSS-23 software were used. Results: The results showed that the quality of sleep has increased in both groups, but there was a significant difference in the comparison of the effectiveness of the two groups (p<0.05) and the CBC pattern was more effective, and in the four-month follow-up, it was found that CPRT is more durable. Conclusion: The findings of this research showed that both methods can be used to increase the sleep quality of students with ADHD.
Young people lived experience of parental divorce with an emphasis on educational consequences
Authors: Reisi Sarteshneizy Mojtaba
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: Divorce has adverse effects on children and can have adverse effects on their mental and physical health. Also, divorce has negative effects on children's education. Based on this, the aim of the present study was to investigate the lived experience of young people from their parents' divorce, emphasizing the educational consequences. Methods: The present research method was qualitative with thematic analysis and applied in terms of purpose. The participants included high school students of Kurdish city in the academic year of 2022, who were selected purposefully. Some of the criteria for their selection were the experience of parental divorce and the desire to participate in the research. Also, the interviews were continued up to 14 cases based on the theoretical saturation criterion. For validity, face validity was used and for reliability, the agreement coefficient between coders was used, and the result of recoding was 0.86. For data analysis, manual coding method was used in the form of open, axial and selective coding. Results: The findings showed that 162 open codes, 13 core themes include: taunting by peers, blaming family, stigma of school environment, shame of divorce, family instability, children's cold heart, emotional void, reluctance to study, excessive study fatigue, drop in academic mentality, Change in academic priority, academic aspirations, lack of morale and vitality, weak self-confidence, increased isolationism and increased introversion and 6 optional themes including: social stigma, cultural challenges, emotional challenges, poor education, academic conflict and psychological consequences for the lived experience of young people. Parental divorce was identified with an emphasis on educational outcomes. Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that divorce creates different and negative challenges for children and their education, which cultural and educational planners of the country can reduce the negative effects of these effects by empowering them.
Developing a model about Academic Performance, based on Screen time, metacognition and Mindfulness: The Mediating Role of Self-esteem, Self-regulation in high school
Authors: Fasihi Ardebili Elmira , Golshani Fatemeh , Javadi Mohamadjafar
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: Academic performance is considered one of the important variables in achieving job success and social acceptance in any society, so that sometimes academic performance is considered equivalent to academic success. The aim of the current research was to determine the formulation of the academic performance model based on the duration of using screens, metacognition and the conscious mind with the mediation of self-esteem and self-regulation in adolescents. Methods: The current research was of correlation and structural equations type. The statistical population of the research included second grade high school students in Tehran in the academic year 2020-2021, 517 of whom were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. In order to collect the data required for this research, the Freiburg Mindfulness Questionnaire (2001), the Dortaj Academic Performance Questionnaire (2005), the Cooper Smith Self-Respect Questionnaire (2017), the Wells Metacognition Questionnaire (2004), and the questionnaire for the duration of using Tirgar screens (2018) and the self-regulation questionnaire of Miller and Brown (1992) was used. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test and path analysis. Results: The results showed that the direct paths of metacognition, mindfulness and the duration of using screens are significant with academic performance (P<0.01) and the indirect effect of metacognition, the duration of using screens and mindfulness with The mediation of self-respect is significant (P=0.20) and it showed its mediating role well, while although self-regulation has a direct effect on academic performance, it cannot indirectly affect academic performance as a mediating variable. Academic performance has an effect. Conclusion: It can be said that the duration of using screens and metacognition and mindfulness, along with other factors such as self-esteem and self-regulation, play a key role in academic performance, and it seems that the role of self-esteem is more important. Therefore, in order to increase academic performance, it is necessary to pay attention to these factors in improving the academic performance of students.
The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on alexithymia, concern about body image and negative spontaneous thoughts in patients with diabetes in Gorgan city
Authors: Naseri Sogand Sadat , Ali Mehdi Mansour
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: Diabetes is one of the chronic diseases in the world. Economic growth, development of urban life, change in lifestyle, obesity and weight gain and decrease in activity of people are of special importance in the occurrence of diabetes. The present study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on dyslexia, concern about body image and negative spontaneous thoughts in patients with diabetes in Gorgan city. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with two experimental groups and a control group. The statistical population of this research included female patients aged 20 to 40 with type 2 diabetes who referred to Deziani Diabetes Clinic in Gorgan city in the summer quarter of 2011, their number was about 300. In the following, 30 patients were screened with Bagby et al.'s aphasia questionnaires (1994), Littleton's (2005) body image concerns, and Kendall and Hallon's (1980) negative spontaneous thoughts using purposive sampling as samples. were selected, and were randomly divided into two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. The subjects of the experimental group underwent acceptance and commitment therapy for 8 sessions (one 90-minute session per week for two months), and the control group did not receive any treatment. At the end of the treatment sessions, the subjects of both groups answered the mentioned questionnaires again as a post-test. Data analysis in this research was done using SPSS version 20 statistical software in two descriptive and inferential sections (MANCOVA multivariate covariance analysis test). Results: The results of data analysis showed that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) reduced Alexithymia and its components (difficulty in recognizing emotions, difficulty in describing emotions, externally oriented thinking), body image concerns and Its components (dissatisfaction and shame of the person with his appearance, interference in social functioning), negative spontaneous thoughts and its components (individual incompatibility and desire to change, negative self-concepts / negative expectations, low self-esteem, helplessness) in the subjects of the experimental group in The post-test stage was done. Conclusion: It can be concluded that ACT is effective on alexithymia, concern about body image and negative spontaneous thoughts in patients with diabetes.
Investigating the effect of generation gap on the occurrence of running away from home among adolescents in Tehran
Authors: Meynaghi Aghdam Zeinab , Mirzaei Khalil , Safiri Khadijeh , Shakerbeigi Alieh
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: The family, as the first center of common life and socialization of children, will be effective in the occurrence of many social harms in case of disorder and critical relations between members. The present study was conducted with the aim of studying the effect of generation gap on the occurrence of running away from home among the youth of Tehran. Methods: This research is descriptive analytical research and in terms of method, it is quantitative and survey type, taking into account the cross-sectional time criterion. The statistical population includes families with children aged 10 to 19 years old in Tehran city, who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling in a period of nine months according to the families living in areas two, nine and sixteen using the Cochran formula, 324 people. The tool is a researcher-made questionnaire and an interview, which was used to determine the validity of the questionnaire using the face validity method, Cronbach's alpha method was used to calculate the reliability, and SPSS software were used to analyze the data. Results: The findings showed that the generation gap has a significant and direct relationship in the occurrence of running away from home among the youth of Tehran (T=3.51). Also, a statistically significant difference was observed between the two different age groups of 14-10 and 19-15 years old in terms of average social damage (p = 0.001). Conclusion: According to the results, it can be said that training parents in order to increase the ability to establish a relationship with their children, especially in the face of generational differences, can be a very important step in preventing the emergence of many deviations and social harms. For this reason, it is very necessary to raise the level of awareness in families in order to improve the mentioned process.
The Effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction Training on Increasing of Emotional Intelligence, Job Satisfaction and Mental Health of a Petroleum Employees
Authors: Hematian Fatemeh , Moraveji Mahtab
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: One of the major challenges of managers at different levels of the organization is how to create a suitable platform for employees so that they can perform their duties properly with responsibility and a sense of commitment, have the ability to adapt and adapt to the environment and enjoy their work and life. The main goal of this study was to investigate the Effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction training on increasing of emotional intelligence, job satisfaction and mental health of a petrochemical employees. Methods: The research method of this study was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with a control group, and the statistical population of this research was consisted off all employees who referred to the occupational health center of this Petrochemical company in June 2022. Among a statistical sample of 200 male volunteers who referred to this center, those their GHQ-28 score were one standard deviation above the cutoff point, 40 individuals were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly divided them to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group underwent eight sessions of 90-minute mindfulness-based stress reduction training (Kabat Zain, 2003), but the control group did not receive any training. The research instruments were the emotional intelligence questionnaire (Bradbury & Greaves, 2005), the general health questionnaire (Goldberg & Hillier, 1978) and the Minnesota job satisfaction questionnaire (Weiss, Davis, England, and Lafquist, 1977). SPSS-24 was used for statistical analysis of data. Results: The results of multivariate covariance analysis showed that mindfulness-based stress reduction training is effective on emotional intelligence, mental health, and job satisfaction. Also, the results indicated that mindfulness-based stress reduction training was also effective on the subscales of emotional intelligence and mental health. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that stress reduction training based on mindfulness can be used to increase emotional intelligence, mental health and job satisfaction of employees in industrial companies.
Presenting the quality of life model related to the health of patients with type 2 diabetes based on disease perception and demographic characteristics with the mediating role of self-care behaviors
Authors: Pourrostami Ahmad , Zarbakhsh Bahri Mohammadreza , Bahrami Sobhan
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim: Type 2 diabetes, which is the most common type of this disease, is caused by the inefficiency of the body regarding the proper use of insulin, and this disease can affect the quality of life of affected patients due to its chronic nature. The present study was conducted with the aim of providing a health-related quality of life model for type 2 diabetes patients based on disease perception and demographic characteristics with the mediating role of self-care behaviors. Methods: The method of this study was correlation type. The statistical population of this study was all patients with type 2 diabetes who had visited the hospitals of Tonkabon and Ramsar cities within a six-month interval. 350 patients were selected by available sampling method. The data were obtained using the health-related quality of life questionnaire (Baroghs et al., 2004), the illness perception questionnaire (Weinman et al., 1996), the self-care behavior questionnaire (Tobert et al., 2000) and the demographic characteristics questionnaire. Came. Data analysis was done by structural equation method and using SmartPLS and SPSS software. Results: The results showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between the perception of the disease and the quality of life related to the patients' health (P<0.01). There is a positive and significant relationship between self-care behaviors and quality of life related to patients' health (P<0.01). There is a significant relationship between demographic characteristics and quality of life related to patients' health (P<0.01). Conclusion: As a result, the quality of life model related to the health of patients with type 2 diabetes based on the perception of the disease and demographic characteristics is suitable for the mediating role of self-care behaviors. Since the quality of life is considered an important health outcome, it is recommended to be considered as a main issue in the care of patients with diabetes.
The model for explaining the addiction attitude of clients who are quitting based on emotion regulation strategies and attachment styles with the mediating role of ego capacity
Authors: Saatchi Haleh sadat , Tizdast Taher , Rahmani Mohammad Ali
Published: January 2024

The present study was carried out with the aim of determining the model for explaining the attitude towards addiction of clients who are quitting based on emotion regulation strategies and attachment styles with the mediating role of ego capacity. The method of this study was descriptive-correlation based on the structural equation model. The statistical population of this research included all drug addicts in the process of withdrawal who referred to addiction treatment centers in the 1st district of Tehran, and a sample of 214 people was selected using random cluster sampling method (n = 214). The data collection tool was Markstrom et al.'s (1997) psycho-social ego strength inventory, theoretical addiction attitude questionnaire (1379), Gross and John's (2003) emotion regulation strategies questionnaire, and Hazan and Shaver's (1987) adult attachment questionnaire. Data analysis using structural equation modeling showed that due to the fact that the effect of the direct path is less than the indirect paths, the presence of the mediating variable of ego capacity increases the effect and the mediating role of ego capacity in the present hypothesis was confirmed. Therefore, there is a relationship between attachment styles and emotion regulation strategies with attitude towards addiction of clients who are quitting with the mediation of ego capacity. Knowing the effective factors in a positive attitude towards drug abuse and its consequences is one of the first and most important actions in drug abuse prevention programs. Practical suggestions were presented based on the interrelationships of research variables.
Hand Hygiene Practices among Healthcare Professionals based on Theory of Planned Behaviour during Corona Pandemic in Pakistan.
Authors: Rehana Sajid  , Atta Ur Rehman  , Ume Hani
Published: January 2024

Introduction: In the time of novel corona virus pandemic, the improper hygiene practices have significantly associated with high incidence rate of this dreadful disease spread. Theory of planned behavior is the best cognitive model to understand healthcare professional’s adherence toward hand hygiene practices. Objective: To evaluate the awareness, professional attitude and practices of health care professionals in relation to theory of planned behaviour during COVID-19.Methodology: We studied health care professionals visiting a health care facility. Systematic random sampling method was adapted for data collection with 384 sample size. Awareness, professional attitudes and practices were calculated and using theory of planned behavior, behavioral beliefs, normative beliefs and control beliefs were accessed. Results: In term of awareness and practices more than 70% of professionals were more prospective to follow hygiene of hands. However, using theory of planned behavior 70.1% of healthcare professionals were more into following hand hygiene practices but insisted to be more followed by their seniors and management.Conclusion: During COVID-19 pandemic, behavioral beliefs are strongly responsible to develop adherence toward hygiene, but such compliance is more motivated by peers, disease outbreak and self-efficacy rather than effect of hygiene itself. Awareness through workshops could be helpful to increase likelihood of compliance of hand washing practices. Keywords: Hand hygiene, normative beliefs, behavioral beliefs, control beliefs, COVID-19.
Clinical Presentation of Alzheimer Disease (ad): a hospital based observational study.
Authors: Abdul Malik  , Muhammad Athar Khan  , Bushra Ammad Taimuri  , Muhammad Azhar Hussain  , Sadaf Nasir  , Aisha
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative illness that mani-fests itself clinically and pathologically.Objective: To identify the various patterns of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in adults.Methodology: A hospital based observational study was conducted in the Depart-ment of Neurology Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC) Karachi, Pakistan from May 2018 to November 2019.Cases with complaint of memory impairment and/or cognitive impairment, with or without behavioral changes were included in the study. Acute delirious state uremia / hepatic encephalopathy hypo / hypergly-cemia and hypo / hypernatremia were excluded diagnosis. The main outcome measures were clinical patterns of AD with age and sex distribution, affective disor-der with cognitive impairment (Pseudo dementia) and affective disorder without cognitive impairment.Results: A sample of 51 cases (36 males and 15 females) with memory impairment was included. Age’s between 25-85years (mean 57years). Out of 51 cases 44 had probable /possible Alzheimer’s disease (AD) 03 had affective disorder with cogni-tive impairment (pseudo dementia), 04 patients had affective disorder without cognitive impairment. Among probable / possible cases of AD 23 (52.27%) had multi infarct dementia (having history of past cerebrovascular disease), same sta-tistics among Parkinson’s patient’s i.e. diagnosis was Parkinson’s disease with memory impairment were 18 (40.90%) followed by alcoholic dementia in 03 (6.8%). There was no definite Alzheimer’s disease case in this study.Conclusion: Vascular dementia not the definite Alzheimer’s disease is the com-monest memory impairment type presentation in our study. Among Parkinson’s disease patient’s dementia was found quite high in our study.Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Vascular dementia (MID), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Cognition, Memory .