bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolic Switching of Tumor Cells under Hypoxic Conditions in a Tumor-on-a-chip Model
Authors: Palacio-Castañeda Valentina , Kooijman Lucas , Venzac Bastien , Verdurmen Wouter , Le Gac Séverine
Published: April 2020

Hypoxia switches the metabolism of tumor cells and induces drug resistance. Currently, no therapeutic exists that effectively and specifically targets hypoxic cells in tumors. Development of such therapeutics critically depends on the availability of in vitro models that accurately recapitulate hypoxia as found in the tumor microenvironment. Here, we report on the design and validation of an easy-to-fabricate tumor-on-a-chip microfluidic platform that robustly emulates the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. The tumor-on-a-chip model consists of a central chamber for 3D tumor cell culture and two side channels for medium perfusion. The microfluidic device is fabricated from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and oxygen diffusion in the device is blocked by an embedded sheet of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Hypoxia was confirmed using oxygen-sensitive probes and the effect on the 3D tumor cell culture investigated by a pH-sensitive dual-labeled fluorescent dextran and a fluorescently labeled glucose analogue. In contrast to control devices without PMMA, PMMA-containing devices gave rise to decreases in oxygen and pH levels as well as an increased consumption of glucose after two days of culture, indicating a rapid metabolic switch of the tumor cells under hypoxic conditions towards increased glycolysis. This platform will open new avenues for testing anti-cancer therapies targeting hypoxic areas.
An Optimised Step-by-Step Protocol for Measuring Relative Telomere Length
Authors: Joglekar Mugdha V. , Satoor Sarang N. , Wong Wilson K.M. , Cheng Feifei , Ma Ronald C.W. , Hardikar Anandwardhan A.
Published: April 2020

Telomeres represent the nucleotide repeat sequences at the ends of chromosomes and are essential for chromosome stability. They can shorten at each round of DNA replication mainly because of incomplete DNA synthesis of the lagging strand. Reduced relative telomere length is associated with aging and a range of disease states. Different methods such as terminal restriction fragment analysis, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization are available to measure telomere length; however, the qPCR-based method is commonly used for large population-based studies. There are multiple variations across qPCR-based methods, including the choice of the single-copy gene, primer sequences, reagents, and data analysis methods in the different reported studies so far. Here, we provide a detailed step-by-step protocol that we have optimized and successfully tested in the hands of other users. This protocol will help researchers interested in measuring relative telomere lengths in cells or across larger clinical cohort/study samples to determine associations of telomere length with health and disease.
CYP27B1 Gene Polymorphism rs10877012 in Patients Diagnosed with Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Latacz Maria , Snarska Jadwiga , Kostyra Elżbieta , Wroński Konrad , Fiedorowicz Ewa , Savelkoul Huub , Jarmołowska Beata , Płomiński Janusz , Grzybowski Roman , Cieślińska Anna
Published: April 2020

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly occurring cancer worldwide. Intestinal cells are CYP27B1 gene expression sites and, as a consequence, they are capable of converting pro-vitamin D into the active paracrine and autocrine forms. It was demonstrated that rs10877012 polymorphism in the CYP27B1 gene influenced the circulating vitamin D level. This provided a rationale for determining the role that this polymorphism plays in the risk of developing colon cancer. In this study, we investigated the association of rs10877012 (T/G) polymorphism in the CYP27B1 gene with CRC susceptibility. The study population (n = 325) included CRC patients (n = 106) and healthy controls (n = 219). DNA was extracted from peripheral leukocytes and analyzed for the CYP27B1 polymorphism using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. We found an association between the presence of the T allele at the polymorphic site (odds ratio (OR) = 2.94; 95% CI 1.77–4.86; p < 0.0001) and a decreased CRC incidence.
Cooperation, Proximity, and Social Innovation: Three Ingredients for Industrial Medium-Sized Towns’ Renewal?
Authors: Gros-Balthazard Marjolaine , Talandier Magali
Published: April 2020

Over several decades, medium-sized industrial towns have suffered from a combination of economic and political processes: Deindustrialization, metropolization, and withdrawal of public services. After two decades in which they have been somewhat neglected (in favor of metropolises), there have recently been State and European public policies aimed at them. Medium-sized cities are not homogeneous and present several trajectories. Based on quantitative approach in France, we highlight the very diverse socio-economic dynamics of French medium-sized industrial towns. Thus, far from widespread decline or shrinking dynamics, some of these cities are experiencing an economic rebound. This is the case of Romans-sur-Isère, a medium-sized town located in the south-east of France. Focusing our qualitative analyze on this city, we try to understand this type of process. In this medium-sized town, former capital of the shoe industry, local stakeholders, private, and public try to support a productive renewal. The results of our case study highlight the role that cooperation, spatial and organizational proximity, and social innovation could play in the renewal of productive economy in medium-sized industrial towns. Even if the economic situation remains difficult for many medium-sized cities in France as in Europe, we argue that they could have a productive future making and ultimately take advantages of their “medium-sized” attributes.
Virus-Induced Cytoplasmic Aggregates and Inclusions Are Critical Cellular Regulatory and Antiviral Factors
Authors: Olasunkanmi Oluwatayo , Chen Sijia , Mageto James , Zhong Zhaohua
Published: April 2020

RNA granules, aggresomes, and autophagy are key players in the immune response to viral infections. They provide countermeasures that regulate translation and proteostasis in order to rewire cell signaling, prevent viral interference, and maintain cellular homeostasis. The formation of cellular aggregates and inclusions is one of the strategies to minimize viral infections and virus-induced cell damage and to promote cellular survival. However, viruses have developed several strategies to interfere with these cellular processes in order to achieve productive replication within the host cells. A review on how these mechanisms could function as modulators of cell signaling and antiviral factors will be instrumental in refining the current scientific knowledge and proposing means whereby cellular granules and aggregates could be induced or prevented to enhance the antiviral immune response in mammalian cells.
Immune Responses and Protective Efficacy of a Formalin-Killed Francisella Noatunensis Subsp. Orientalis Vaccine Evaluated through Intraperitoneal and Immersion Challenge Methods in Oreochromis Niloticus
Authors: Pulpipat Theeraporn , Maekawa Shun , Wang Pei-Chi , Chen Shih-Chu
Published: April 2020

Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis (Fno), an intracellular bacterium, causes systemic granulomatous diseases, resulting in high mortality and huge economic losses in Taiwanese tilapia farming. In this study, we tested the efficacy of a formalin-killed Fno vaccine in cultured tilapia. Fno was isolated from diseased tilapia, inactivated with formalin, and mixed with the mineral oil base adjuvant (MontanideTM ISA 763 AVG). A total of 300 tilapia were divided into two groups. The experimental group was intraperitoneally injected with 0.1 mL of vaccine, which was substituted with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) in the control group. A booster was administered at 2 weeks post-immunization. Tilapia were challenged at 6 weeks post primary immunization by intraperitoneal (IP) injection and immersion methods. Mortality was recorded at 21 and 60 days. The results revealed that the vaccine induced a greater antibody titer and led to 71% and 76% of relative percent survival (RPS) after the IP and immersion challenge. The transcripts of proinflammatory cytokines and immune-related genes, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8), and interleukin-17C (IL-17C), were significantly upregulated after vaccination. Additionally, vaccinated fish had lower bacterial loads in the blood and lower granuloma intensities in the kidney, spleen, liver, and gill than control fish. The results in this study demonstrate that the inactivated Fno vaccine could be an essential resource in Taiwanese tilapia farming.
New Insights on the Emerging Genomic Landscape of CXCR4 in Cancer: A Lesson from WHIM
Authors: Scala Stefania , D’Alterio Crescenzo , Milanesi Samantha , Castagna Alessandra , Carriero Roberta , Farina Floriana Maria , Locati Massimo , Borroni Elena Monica
Published: April 2020

Deciphering the molecular alterations leading to disease initiation and progression is currently crucial to identify the most relevant targets for precision therapy in cancer patients. Cancers express a complex chemokine network influencing leucocyte infiltration and angiogenesis. Moreover, malignant cells also express a selective repertoire of chemokine receptors that sustain their growth and spread. At present, different cancer types have been shown to overexpress C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and to respond to its ligand C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12). The CXCL12/CXCR4 axis influences cancer biology, promoting survival, proliferation, and angiogenesis, and plays a pivotal role in directing migration of cancer cells to sites of metastases, making it a prognostic marker and a therapeutic target. More recently, mutations in the C-terminus of CXCR4 have been identified in the genomic landscape of patients affected by Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia, a rare B cell neoplasm. These mutations closely resemble those occurring in Warts, Hypogammaglobulinemia, Immunodeficiency, and Myelokathexis (WHIM) syndrome, an immunodeficiency associated with CXCR4 aberrant expression and activity and with chemotherapy resistance in clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the relevance of CXCR4 mutations in cancer biology, focusing on its importance as predictors of clinical presentation and response to therapy.
The Patras Blended Strategy Model for Deep and Meaningful
Learning in Quality Life‑Long Distance Education
Authors: Mystakidis Stylianos , Berki Eleni , Valtanen Juri
Published: April 2020

Life‑long learning is currently being embraced as a central
process that could disrupt traditional educational paths.
Apparently, the (ideal) type of learning often promoted is deep and
meaningful learning, though it is not always required to be so. Deep
learning goes beyond superficial knowledge assimilation of unlinked
facts; it aims at developing deep disciplinary understanding,
transformative knowledge, personal meaning, emotional intelligence,
critical thinking, creativity and metacognitive skills. Meaningful
learning occurs when learning is active, constructive, intentional,
authentic, and cooperative. Technology enhanced teaching and
learning methods should prove their potential to transform life‑long
learning provision and facilitate the achievement of deep and
meaningful learning. In the context of distance education in
life‑long learning, one important challenge is the design of
versatile quality assurance strategies for e‑training. Based on the
experiences in distance lifelong learning programmes in the
University of Patras’ Educational Center for Life‑Long Learning
(KEDIVIM) the authors present how the principles and attributes of
deep and meaningful learning can be combined with project management
in practice and be incorporated in an e‑Learning quality strategy.
We present i) the methods used to assess the quality of the
e‑Learning programmes, ii) key findings of the evaluation process
and iii) first research evaluation results on the quality of
learning. This research study on learning process quality was
conducted by using an online questionnaire, which aimed at
estimating the level of participants’ satisfaction while using
interactive learning methods such as collaborative learning. Some
results of the evaluation indicate that the e‑Learning quality
strategy led to e‑Learning programmes that used active learning
methods to achieve high learners’ satisfaction towards deep and
meaningful learning.
Driving High Inclination to Complete Massive Open Online
Courses (MOOCs): Motivation and Engagement Factors for
Learners
Authors: Chaw Lee Yen , Tang Chun Meng
Published: April 2020

Today, online learning is prospering from the widely
available and easily accessible connection to the Web. Massive open
online course (MOOC) platforms such as Coursera, edX, and Udemy have
made available several thousands of short courses at several
difficulty levels in a wide variety of disciplines, ranging from
business, computer science to literature, for learners to select
from. Learners who are looking to earn credentials for career
advancement or personal interest would find MOOCs attractive not
only because of the time and place flexibility these courses offer,
but also because of the free enrollment or the very small
certificate fee upon completion, as well as the emergent recognition
these courses are receiving for their high quality learning delivery
from leading educational institutions. Learners who enroll in a MOOC
would typically need to participate in various learning activities
and complete a few assessment tasks to complete the course. However,
it has been commonly reported that the completion rates of MOOCs are
low. Based on the common notion that when learners are more
motivated to learn, they are likely to better engage in learning and
have a higher likelihood to complete a MOOC, this study adopted the
Motivation and Engagement Scale (MES) by Martin (2007, 2009) to
collect responses from university students to examine whether
positive motivation resulted in positive engagement; whether
negative motivation resulted in negative engagement; and how
positive or negative engagement swayed learners’ inclination to
complete a MOOC if they were to enroll in one. Findings show that
there was a statistically significant positive relationship between
positive motivation and positive engagement, between negative
motivation and negative engagement, and between positive engagement
and inclination to complete a MOOC. However, the relationship
between negative engagement and inclination to complete a MOOC was
statistically not significant. Findings of this study can be useful
to MOOC providers and learners in their effort to develop strategies
to increase completion rates of MOOCs.
Kelola Bumi Peduli Ekologi Menurut Kej 1:28
Authors: Surip Stanislaus
Published: April 2020

Gen. 1:28 presents the three blessings of God to humans in the form procreation, natural subdue and rule over creatures. These three blessings must be placed in the context of human creation as image and likeness of God (Gen. 1:26-27) so that he becomes his co-worker in cultivating nature and pastoring all His creatures (Gen. 1:28). It was on this purpose that God placed humans in the garden of Eden and gave the task of cultivating and maintaining them (Gen. 2:4-8,15). The Sabbath of God, which became a crown of His creative work, was explored as a model for humans to carry out their missionary work (Gen. 2:1-3). As God rests after six days of work, man must know the limits in cultivating nature and mastering other creatures so as to avoid exploitative greed. The catastrophe of the Flood was the impact of the failure of humans to become partners with God and the presence of the figur of Noah reveals symbolically efforts to preserve the environment or care fo the ecology (Gen. 6-9). The ark that Noah made was like a house, a place to protect and care for all living creatures and their existence was threatened with extinction. Gen. 1:26-28; 2:1-3; 2:4-8,15 and Gen. 6-9 inspire us to care about ecology.

Kej 1:28 memaparkan tiga berkat Allah kepada manusia yang berupa prokreasi, penaklukan alam dan penguasaan makhluk-makhluk ciptaan lainnya. Ketiga berkat itu harus ditempatkan pada konteks penciptaan manusia sebagai gambar dan rupa Allah (Kej 1:26-27) sehingga menjadi rekan kerja-Nya dalam mengolah alam dan menggembalakan segenap makhluk ciptaan-Nya (Kej 1:28). Atas tujuan inilah Allah menempatkan manusia di taman Eden dan memberi tugas mengusahakan dan memeliharanya (Kej 2:4-8,15). Sabat Allah yang menjadi mahkota karya penciptaan-Nya pun dieksplor sebagai model bagi manusia dalam menjalani karya misinya (Kej 2:1-3). Sebagaimana Allah beristirahat setelah enam hari berkarya demikianlah manusia harus tahu batas dalam mengolah alam dan menguasai makhluk ciptaan lainnya sehingga terhindar dari kerakusan yang eksploitatif. Malapetaka Air Bah adalah dampak dari gagalnya manusia menjadi rekan kerja Allah dan kehadiran figur Nuh menyingkapkan secara simbolis upaya pemeliharaan lingkungan atau peduli ekologi (Kej 6-9). Bahtera yang dibuat Nuh ibarat sebuah rumah, tempat perlindungan dan pemeliharaan segala makhluk yang hidup dan keberadaannya terancam kemusnahan. Kej 1:26-28; 2:1-3; 2:4-8,15 dan Kej 6-9 menginspirasi kita untuk peduli ekologi.
Pengujian Organoleptik Produk Yogurt dengan Penambahan Variasi Konsentrasi Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera)
Authors: Aznury Martha , Zaman Zaman , Zikri Ahmad , Panzurli Panzurli
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berapa persentase penambahan tepung daun kelor dan lama waktu fermentasi untuk menghasilkan yogurt yang berkualitas. Pada pembuatan yogurt ini memvariasikan konsentrasi penambahan tepung daun kelor dan lama waktu fermentasi selama 14 dan 16 jam. Bahan baku yang digunakan adalah susu UHT dengan variasi yang sama untuk semua sampel, sedangkan variasi penambahan tepung daun kelor sebanyak 0, 2, 4, 6 dan 8 gram. Pada pembuatan yogurt ini dilakukan uji organoleptik untuk mengetahui tingkat kesukaan konsumen terhadap penambahan tepung daun kelor yang paling tepat agar dihasilkan formula yogurt daun kelor yang paling baik.  Pilihan pada B1 (kontrol), B2 (disukai) dan B5 (tidak disukai).
Manejo de desechos tecnológicos: Negocio floreciente
Authors: Castillo-Merino Miriam Adriana , Mero-Suárez Karina Virginia , Paladines-Moran Julio Pedro
Published: April 2020

El tema de la basura tecnológica ha sido una problemática para las ciudades que no han comprendido la premisa de que la materia no se destruye, sino que se transforma. Por ello, este articulo tiene como objetivo evaluar la propuesta de un manual para el manejo de los desechos tecnológicos como un negocio floreciente en el canton de  Jipijapa – Ecuador, con la finalidad de convertir  el volumen de desperdicios tecnológicos depositados en los rellenos sanitarios de la basura en un medio de ingreso económico para la comunidad, a través de su recuperación y transformación útil,  al  llevarla devuelta al circuito productivo, sirviendo como un centro de investigación visitable y educativo, sobre el reciclaje,  tratamiento y gestionamiento de los desechos. Metodológicamente, se utilizó  la observación y el estudio a un  radio de acción a nivel estatal del Canton de Jipijapa que incluyeron a 80 habitantes y los cuales respondieron a un instrumento de repuestas dicotómicas. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron conocer la disposición de los investigados en cuanto al conocimiento y necesidad del reciclaje Tecnológico, lo que permitió concluir  que existe disposición en aceptar la propuesta de un manual para el manejo de los desechos tecnológicos como un negocio floreciente para el canton de Jipijapa – Ecuador, admitiendo minimizar el daño ambiental, fomentar el aporte del reciclaje y el reusó de la basura tecnológica,  formando concientizadores que difundirán conocimiento sobre el tema para mejorar la calidad ambiental y por extensión la humana.
علوم الفن الإسلامي: العلاقات البَيْنية والتكامل المعرفي
Authors: حنش ادهام محمد
Published: April 2020

يكاد موضوع الفن الإسلامي يكون اليوم مجالاً معرفياً غربياً بامتياز؛ صنعته الدراسات الاستشراقية على مبادئ كلٍ من علمَي الآثار والمتاحف، وطورته الدراسات ما بعد الاستشراقية على مبادئ العلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية والثقافية بشكل عام؛ ففتحت الباب للدراسات المعرفية التي غالباً ما تتصف بمنظور علمي أشمل ومنهج وظيفي أوسع، يقومان على العلاقات البينية والتكامل المعرفي لعلوم الفن الإسلامي ونظرياته الفلسفية والجمالية والإبداعية والنقدية، ويتجاوزان المنظور الآثاري والوظيفة الـمَتْحفِيّة لموضوع الفن الإسلامي.

تهدف هذه المقاربة إلى تحقيق الاستدامة المعرفية للفن الإسلامي بوصفه معرفة جمالية إسلامية مركبة من عدد من العلوم والنظريات التأسيسية والبنائية والتأصيلية والمساعدة لتكوين هذا الفن. وتخلص هذه المقاربة إلى بعض النتائج المعرفية والمنهجية والوظيفية القابلة للاستلهام الثقافي والاستثمار المعرفي في الدراسات المستقبلية المتعلقة بالفن الإسلامي. 

Islamic Art may be an Orientalistic subject of Archaeology & Museology, which have been developed later by the post-Orientalistic studies around the principles of social, human and cultural sciences. Then its door was open for epistemological studies which adopted an approach of a comprehensive scientific perspective and a wide functional methodology based on interdisciplinarity and epistemological integration of the philosophical, aesthetic, creative and critical theories of Islamic art, in order to transcend the archaeological perspective and the museum's function.

This study aims to achieve the cognitive sustainability of Islamic Art as a complex aesthetic knowledge of Islam, composed of many theories, which can be described as foundational, structural in the formation of Islamic Art. The study concludes with some cognitive, methodological and functional results that can inspire culturally and creatively the future studies related to Islamic art.
الفكر الإسلامي بين التعاضد النقلي والتمايز النقدي
Authors: الحسني إسماعيل
Published: April 2020

التعاضد النقلي هو أنْ يتصف تفكيرنا في النقل واستثمارنا له بوصف الاتساق، فتتسق أطرافه في ذهن العالِم المسلم. أمّا التمايز النقدي فهو القدرة العلمية المتنوعة على التمييز. وعلى هذا، فإنَّ تأويلات الـمُفسِّرين "العلمية" تقتضي أولاً الوعي الدقيق بالمنحى التمايزي للعمل العلمي الذي يجعل من مسلسل بناء العالِم لأفكاره وتشكيله لقواعده وقوانينه ونظرياته مسلسلاً مستأنفاً لا تكتمل حلقاته في التاريخ. وهي تقتضي ثانياً الحرص على تعاضد الآيات القرآنية؛ نظراً لخلوِّها ممّا يدل دلالةً قطعيةً على أيِّ معرفة علمية قطعية؛ ذلك أنَّ المعرفة العلمية الكونية هي من المعارف المتمايزة التي تتفاوت فيها الأنظار، وتتغاير فيها الأفكار.
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK AND STEPWISE APPROACH FOR PREDICTING TRACTIVE EFFICIENCY OF THE TRACTOR (CASE JX75T)
Authors: & et al. Almaliki
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study is to develop and predict models of tractive efficiency using the artificial neural network and stepwise approach. The tractive efficiency of tractor (CASE JX75T) was measured experimentally. Experiments were conducted in the site of Basrah University. Which had silty clay soil texture. The field conditions included effect of two level of cone index (550 and 980 kPa), two level of moisture content (8 and 21%), three forward speeds (0.54, 0.83 and 1.53 m/s) and four level of tillage depths (10, 15, 20 and 25 cm). The results illustrated that both developed models (stepwise approach and ANN technique) had acceptable performance for predicting tractive efficiency of tractor under various field conditions. However, ANN model outperformed stepwise model, where 4-7-1 topology showed the best power for predicting tractive efficiency with R-squared of 0.97 and MSE of 0.0074 with Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithm. The analysis of variance demonstrated that the studied parameters had single significant effect on tractive efficiency. The most parameter influential on tractive efficiency was tillage depth followed forward speed, cone index and moisture content.
ROLE OF THE AGRICULTURAL INITIATIVE AND SUPPORTING AGENCIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PALM GROVES IN DIWANIYA AND MUTHANNA PROVINCES
Authors: & Naji Hamza
Published: April 2020

The aim of this research is to identify the role of the agricultural initiative and the supporting devices in the development of palm orchards in Diwaniyah and Muthanna provinces. The aims of the research a questionnaire was prepared consisting (62) items distributed over (7) roles. The provinces of Diwaniyah and Muthanna were chosen for conducting the research. The owners of palm orchards benefiting from the agricultural initiative in the development of palm orchards in the provinces of Diwaniyah and Muthanna were (623) borrowers: including (294) borrowers for the establishment of modern palm groves and (329) borrowers  for the development and service of existing palm orchards. A random sample 20% was selected from the research society, with a sample of (125) namely: (59) for the establishment of a modern palm grove and (66) for the development and servicing of existing palm orchards. The results of the research found that the numbers of palm orchards established through the agricultural initiative reached (294) and the numbers of orchards developed and served were (329). The numbers of palm trees planted through the establishment of modern palm groves on agricultural initiative loans amounted to (113978) palm trees. Also, the results found the extension agencies carried out (288) extension activities related to the development of palm orchards in the research area during the agricultural initiative period. The average percentage of the extension role paragraphs was 73%. But, the average percentage of the prevention role paragraphs was 69% in the field of modern palm groves. However, 70% in the development and service of existing palm orchards and the average percentage of the follow-up role paragraphs  reached 75%. The research recommends the continuation of the agricultural initiative through the launch of a new initiative for the development of palm orchards such as the comprehensive agricultural initiative to promote the palm sector.
High-Order Dual-Port Quasi-Absorptive Microstrip Coupled-Line Bandpass Filters
Authors: Wu Xiaohu , Liu Xiaoguang , Li Yingsong
Published: April 2020

In this article, we present the first demonstration of distributed and symmetrical all-band quasi-absorptive filters that can be designed to arbitrarily high orders. The proposed quasi-absorptive filter consists of a bandpass section (reflective-type coupled-line filter) and absorptive sections (a matched resistor in series with a shorted quarter-wavelength transmission line). Through a detailed analysis, we show that the absorptive sections not only eliminate out-of-band reflections but also determine the passband bandwidth (BW). As such, the bandpass section mainly determines the out-of-band roll-off and the order of the filter can be arbitrarily increased without affecting the filter BW by cascading more bandpass sections. A set of 2.45-GHz one-, two-, and three-pole quasi-absorptive microstrip bandpass filters are designed and measured. The filters show simultaneous input and output absorption across both the passband and the stopband. Measurement results agree very well with the simulation and validate the proposed design concept.
Using Open Sound Control Hardware and Software with ROS
Authors: Carroll Michael
Published: April 2020

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Antimicrobial resistance of Haemophilus influenzae clinical isolates in Russia: the results of multicenter epidemiological study «PEHASus 2014–2017»
Authors: Ivanchik Nataly V. , Sukhorukova Marina V. , Chagaryan Aida N. , Dekhnich Andrey V. , Kozlov Roman S. , Arkhipenko М.V. , Bekker G.G. , Ershova М.G. , Zholobova А.F. , Zubareva N.А. , Ishakova L.М. , Kirillova G.Sh. , Krechikova О.I. , Lazareva А.V. , Morozova О.А. , Moskvitina Е.N. , Petrova Т.А. , Sivaya О.V. , Chernyavskaya Yu.L.
Published: April 2020

Objective.

To evaluate antimicrobial resistance patterns of clinical Haemophilus influenzae isolates from different regions of Russia during 2014–2017.
Materials and Methods.

We included in the study 185 clinical H. influenzae isolates from 13 Russian cities. Susceptibility testing was performed by reference broth microdilution method (ISO 207761:2006). Susceptibility testing results were interpreted using EUCAST v. 10.0 breakpoints.
Results.

H. influenzae isolates were highly susceptible to all (96.8%-100%) β-lactams tested (amoxicillin/ clavulanate, cefixime, ceftaroline, ceftibuten, cefditoren, ertapenem) with the exception of ampicillin (15.1% isolates were resistant). Fluoroquinolones, – ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin were active against 95.7%, 94.6% and 97.9% of isolates, respectively. Chloramphenicol was active against 97.9% of isolates, tetracycline – against 98.4% of isolates. Activity of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was low (69.2% of susceptible isolates).
Conclusions.

In general, we can state the favorable situation with the susceptibility of H. influenzae to antimicrobials in Russia. However, the increasing of resistance to aminopenicillins and emerging of quinolone-resistant strains could become a problem in the future. Study Results are deposited at on-line resource AMRmap (http://AMRmap.ru).
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI PENILAIAN HASIL BELAJAR BERBASIS INTRANET BAGI SISWA SISWI KELAS XI SMK PASAR MINGGU JAKARTA
Authors: Mazia Lia , Sopawiro Zaki , Pujiastuti Endang , A.R Syaifur Rahmatullah
Published: April 2020

SMK Pasar Minggu adalah salah satu Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan yang berada di wilayah Jakarta Selatan. Proses penilaian hasil belajar dilaksanakan di dalam kelas dengan cara guru membuat soal dan membagikan soal tersebut kepada siswa untuk dikerjakan dan dikumpulkan kembali ke guru saat waktu pengerjaan telah selesai. Cara seperti ini tidak bisa dilaksanakan bagi siswa/siswi kelas XI yang sedang melaksanakan PKL Solusi yang diberikan dari pihak sekolah saat ini adalah untuk siswa/siswi kelas XI yang sedang melaksanakan PKL dapat hadir untuk mengerjakan soal pada hari Sabtu di sekolah. Untuk  perekapan nilai dilakukan oleh guru masing-masing pelajaran dengan cara menuliskan satu persatu pada buku nilai sehingga besar kemungkinan terjadi kesalahan guru dalam menuliskan nilainya. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dibangunlah sistem informasi berbasis intranet yang digunakan untuk proses penilaian hasil pembelajaran bagi siswa/siswi kelas XI dengan menggunakan metode waterfall
Assessment of Knowledge of Nurses in Providing Psychosocial Care for Mothers with Sickle Cell Child in Osun State Nigeria
Authors: Omolola Adams Olatayo , Adesuyi Aderonke Bosede , Omolola Basirat Temitope , Kosemani Tolulope
Published: April 2020

Introduction: This descriptive study is designed to assess the knowledge of nurses in providing psychosocial care for mothers with sickle cell diseases child in Osun State Nigeria.

Methods: Nurses working in the two teaching hospitals were used. Simple self-designed questionnaire was adopted, two hundred (200) respondents primarily the nurses were used in the research study. The questionnaire has three sections: the demographic variables, Knowledge of nurses on use of psychosocial care and mothers’ knowledge on care of child with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). The data were collected and analysed using a descriptive statistics of percentage and frequency.

Results: The results revealed that there is a need to improve nursing skills on psychosocial care among the nurses. The current nursing practices with regard to psychosocial care needs to be reviewed and upgraded so as to give a desired outcome. 46.5% of the nurses reported that mothers do not have confidence in the skills of nurses in providing psychosocial care, 43.5% have confidence in the skills of nurses while 10% were undecided. Besides, 90% of nurses agreed that there is a need for continuous retraining of nurses in providing a positive outcome of psychosocial care while only 10% do not agreed.

Conclusion: It was concluded that psychosocial care plays an important role in managing patients with SCD, hence, there is a need to retrain nurses on standard method of psychosocial care.
Antalya ilinde hanehalklarının ev dışı gıda tüketimi ve tüketici eğilimleri
Authors: Gönül Semra , Karlı Bahri
Published: April 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmada,
Antalya ili merkez ilçelerinde (Konyaaltı, Kepez, Muratpaşa, Döşemealtı) farklı
gelir gruplarında (1-5000 TL, 5001-10000 TL ve 10001 TL ve üzeri)
hanehalklarının ev dışı gıda tüketimine yönelik tutum ve davranışları analiz
edilmiştir.Yöntem ve Bulgular: Araştırma verileri yüz yüze
anket yöntemiyle elde edilmiş ve 384 kişi ile görüşme yapılmıştır. Anket
verileri SPSS 22.0 paket programında değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucu
ortalama hane genişliği 2.9 kişi bulunmuştur. Ailelerin, ev dışında gıda tercih
etme nedenleri; lezzetli olması (%54.40), arkadaşları ile iyi vakit geçirmek
(%48.20), farklı ortamlarda yemek yeme isteği (%46.90), çocukların tercih
etmesi (%36.70), ekonomik olması (%34.10), besin değerinin yüksek olması
(%30.20) ve alışkanlık (%13.80) gibi kriterler olarak belirlenmiştir.Genel Yorum: Ev dışı gıda tüketiminde
ailenin karar vermesinde en etkili bireyin çocuklar olduğu ve tüketicilerin
gıda ürünlerine harcadıkları ücretin aylık ortalama 207.55 TL olduğu tespit
edilmiştir.Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Türkiye’nin beşinci büyük
şehri olmasının yanında önemli bir turizm merkezi olan Antalya ilinde, gerek
nüfus gerekse toplumun yapısı düşünüldüğünde ev dışı gıda tüketiminin
incelenmesi çalışmanın önemini arttırmaktadır.
Comparing a chromameter and a hand held NDVI meter to predict nitrogen and water content of turfgrass
Authors: Keskin Muharrem , Cam Cagatay , Sekerli Yunus Emre
Published: April 2020

Aims:
Nitrogen content (NC) and water content
(WC) of turfgrass is traditionally determined by laboratory analysis which is
time-consuming, tiresome, laborious and costly. The aim of this study was to
examine the suitability of two hand held optical instruments (GreenSeeker NDVI
meter and chromameter) to evaluate NC and WC of turfgrass.Methods and Results:
Six turfgrass plots of 1 m x 1 m with a
mixture of five different species were used and variable rate nitrogen
fertilizer (N0: 0 g N m-2, N1: 2.5 g N m-2,
N2: 5 g N m-2) was applied. NDVI measurements were taken
at around noon with a GreenSeeker NDVI instrument from the plots. After mowing,
the color values of the clippings were measured using a hand-held chromameter.
The data were analyzed using correlation and partial least square regression
(PLSR). A high correlation was found between leaf NC, WC, NDVI and color
values. The leaf NC (%) can be estimated from the NDVI (R2val=0.73,
SEP=0.19%) and color values (L*a*b*C*h°) (R2val=0.76; SEP=0.18%).
Also, it was found that the WC (%) can be predicted from the NDVI (R2val=0.40,
SEP=5.07%) and color values (L*C*h°) (R2val=0.69; SEP=3.67%) with
slightly lower accuracy.Conclusions:
Turfgrass leaf NC can be estimated with
either an NDVI instrument (R2=0.73, SEP=0.19%) or a chromameter (R2=0.76,
0.18%) with reasonable accuracy in a more objective and economical way.Significance and Impact of
the Study: Considering
the reduction in time and cost required in the NC and WC analysis, we think
that results of this study may be useful for turf field managers. Also,
nitrogen determination with sensors will be a more eco-friendly way if used by managers.
Ceviz gövde kanseri hastalığı etmeni Botryosphaeria dothidea’nın tanılanması ve bazı fungisitlerin hastalık etmenine karşı in vitro antifungal etkinliklerinin belirlenmesi
Authors: Kurt Şener , Soylu Soner , Uysal Aysun , Soylu Emine Mine , Kara Merve
Published: April 2020

Amaç: Çalışmada
Hatay’ın İskenderun ilçesinde Mayıs 2019 tarihinde ceviz bahçelerdeki ceviz
ağaçlarında, iletim dokularında kahverengi-koyu kahverengi renk değişikliği,
odun dokusu nekrozu ve dallarda geriye doğru ölüm hastalık belirtilerine neden
olan fungal etmenin tanılanması ve etmenin bazı fungisitlere karşı duyarlılık
düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem ve Bulgular: Hastalıklı dallardan, kanserlerden ve belirti göstermeyen ceviz örneklerinden yapılan izolasyonlar sonucunda elde edilen fungal izolat morfolojik ve moleküler çalışmalara göre Botryosphaeria dothidea olarak tanılanmıştır. Patojenisite denemeleri, fungal izolatın bölgede yetiştirilen Chandler çeşidi ceviz ağacı sürgünlerinde oldukça virülent olduğunu göstermiştir. Mevcut bilgilerimize göre bu çalışma, Türkiye’de cevizi enfekte eden Botryosphaeria dothidea’nın ilk raporudur. Fluazinam (0.001-0.015 µg/ml), thiophanate-methyl (0.1-10.0 µg/ml), boscalid + pyraclostrobin (1.0-50.0 µg/ml), trifloxystrobin (0.5-50.0 µg/ml), kresoxim-methyl (0.1-50.0 µg/ml) ve tebuconazole (0.5-50.0 µg/ml) gibi 6 farklı fungisitin farklı konsantrasyonlarının, fungal etmene karşı in vitro antifungal etkileri belirlenmiştir. Fungisitlerin ortalama etkili konsantrasyon (EC50) değerleri, Probit analiziyle belirlenmiştir. Hesaplanan EC50 değerlerine göre hastalık etmenine karşı en etkili fungisit fluazinam (0.002 µg/ml) olarak kaydedilmiş olup, bu fungisiti thiophanate-methyl (0.275 µg/ml), tebuconazole (0.994 µg/ml), boscalid + pyraclostrobin (3.993 µg/ml) ve trifloxystrobin (4.262 µg/ml) izlemiştir. En düşük antifungal etkinlik fungisitler arasında misel gelişimini %37.5 oranında engelleyen kresoxim-methyl tarafından gösterilmiştir.Genel Yorum: Bu çalışma fungal etmen Botryosphaeria dothidea’nın Türkiye’de
yetiştirilen ceviz ağaçlarında gövde kanseri hastalığa neden olduğunun ilk
kayıdıdır. Elde edilen sonuçlar ayrıca Botryosphaeria
dothidea’nın sebep olduğu ceviz kanser hastalığının seçilen fungisitlerin
uygulanmasıyla ağaçların hastalıktan korunabileceğini önermektedir.Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Sonuç olarak, fluazinam,
thiophanate-methyl ve tebuconazole’ün fungal patojen B. dothidea’nın kontrolünde kullanım potansiyeli bulunduğunu ortaya
koymaktadır.
Simulating JWST/NIRCam Color Selection of High-redshift Galaxies
Authors: Hainline Kevin N. , Hviding Raphael E. , Rieke Marcia , Shivaei Irene , Endsley Ryan , Curtis-Lake Emma , Smit Renske , Williams Christina C. , Alberts Stacey , K Boyett Kristan N. , Bunker Andrew J. , Egami Eiichi , Maseda Michael V. , Tacchella Sandro , Willmer Christopher N. A.
Published: April 2020

The Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) instrument on the upcoming James Webb Space Telescope will offer an unprecedented view of the most distant galaxies. In preparation for future deep NIRCam extragalactic surveys, it is crucial to understand the color selection of high-redshift galaxies using the Lyman dropout technique. To that end, we have used the JAdes extraGalactic Ultradeep Artificial Realizations mock catalog to simulate a series of extragalactic surveys with realistic noise estimates. This enables us to explore different color selections and their impact on the number density of recovered high-redshift galaxies and lower-redshift interlopers. We explore how survey depth, detection signal-to-noise ratio, color selection method, detection filter choice, and the presence of the Lyα emission line affects the resulting dropout selected samples. We find that redder selection colors reduce the number of recovered high-redshift galaxies, but the overall accuracy of the final sample is higher. In addition, we find that methods that utilize two or three color cuts have higher accuracy because of their ability to select against low-redshift quiescent and faint dusty interloper galaxies. We also explore the near-IR colors of brown dwarfs and demonstrate that, while they are predicted to have low on-sky densities, they are most likely to be recovered in F090W dropout selection, but there are color cuts that help to mitigate this contamination. Overall, our results provide NIRCam selection methods to aid in the creation of large, pure samples of ultra-high-redshift galaxies from photometry alone.
Evidence for Magnetar Precession in X-Ray Afterglows of Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Suvorov A. G. , Kokkotas K. D.
Published: April 2020

Many gamma-ray bursts are followed by periods of extended emission. At least in some cases, the burst afterglow may be powered by a rapidly rotating, highly magnetized neutron star, which spins down due to electromagnetic and gravitational-wave emission. Such a remnant is likely to strongly precess in the early stages of its life, which would lead to modulations in the X-ray luminosity as the triaxiality of the system evolves over time. Using a radiation profile appropriate for a precessing, oblique rotator, we find that Swift-XRT data of a long (080602) and a short (090510) burst matches the model with significantly higher accuracy (mean-square residuals dropping by ≳200% in the early stages of the extended emission) than for an orthogonal rotator. We interpret this as evidence for precession in newborn magnetars.
In-season leaf damage by a biocontrol agent explains reproductive output of an invasive plant species
Authors: Augustinus Benno A. , Lommen Suzanne T. E. , Fogliatto Silvia , Vidotto Francesco , Smith Tessa , Horvath David , Bonini Maira , Gentili Rodolfo F. , Citterio Sandra , Müller-Schärer Heinz , Schaffner Urs
Published: April 2020

One of the biggest challenges in classical biological control of invasive weeds is predicting the likelihood of success. Ambrosia artemisiifolia, a North American plant species that has become invasive in Europe, causes economic losses due to health problems resulting from its huge amount of highly allergenic pollen and as a weed to agricultural crops resulting from high seed densities. Here we assessed whether the pollen and seed output of the annual A. artemisiifolia (at the end of the season) is related to in-season abundance of, or damage by, the accidentally introduced biological control agent Ophraella communa. We monitored the growth and leaf damage of individually labelled A. artemisiifolia plants at four locations in Northern Italy and recorded abundance of different O. communa life stages at regular intervals. We found that the in-season level of leaf damage by O. communa consistently helped to explain seed production in combination with plant volume and site throughout the season. Feeding damage, plant volume and site also explained pollen production by A. artemisiifolia six weeks before male flower formation. At three out of four sites, plants with more than 10% leaf damage in mid-June or early July had a very low likelihood of seed formation. Leaf damage proved to be a better explanatory variable than O. communa abundance. Our results suggest that the monitoring of the in-season leaf damage can help to project the local impact of O. communa on A. artemisiifolia at the end of the season and thus inform management regarding the needs for additional measures to control this prominent invader.
Suicide and Substance Use Disorder
Authors: Connery Hilary S. , Korte Francesca M. , McHugh R. Kathryn
Published: April 2020

Premature mortality trends in the United States are alarming, and years of life lost are mainly attributable to substance-related deaths and suicide. Suicide risk is significantly elevated among those with substance use and substance use disorder, even after adjusting for co-occurring mental health disorders and other social determinants of suicide risk. Potential mechanisms underlying these associations include the acute intoxication effects of substances on disinhibition, impulsivity, aggression, and psychosis; overlapping social and medical risk factors associated with both substance use disorder and suicide risk; and possibly overlapping genetic determinants in stress response circuitry and neurotransmitter functioning. Evidence-based treatments for substance use disorder (both medication interventions and psychosocial treatments) are effective in reducing substance use and suicide risk. Further development of universal suicide risk screening protocols and prevention training and education is especially important for the person at risk for using substances.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2020;50(4):158–162.]
Efficacy of Visual Surveys for Monitoring Populations of Talus-Roosting Bats
Authors: Moosman Paul R. , Marsh David M. , Pody Emily K. , Dannon Mitch P. , Reynolds Richard J.
Published: April 2020

Winter cave and mine surveys have been the primary method to monitor status of bat populations but they are not equally effective across regions or species. Many species of bats that roost in rock outcrops during the nonhibernation period are difficult for researchers to monitor with existing methods. Although some wildlife biologists have speculated visual surveys could be used to monitor populations of bats roosting on talus slopes, they did not know the efficacy of the method. We used standardized plot-based visual surveys to quantify presence and abundance of eastern small-footed bats Myotis leibii on talus slopes in Virginia, and studied sources of variation and error. Detection probability for talus surveys was relatively high but varied based on search effort and site characteristics. Both abundance and detection probability varied more among plots within sites than among sites or years. In trials with radio-tagged bats to study the causes of false negatives, 18% of bats roosted where surveyors could not see them, and 18% of bats were visible but overlooked due to human error. Less experienced surveyors counted slightly fewer bats than the principal investigator, we suspect because the principal investigator simply found the bats first. There also was a slight learning curve among less experienced observers. Visual surveys have strong potential to aid in the study of bats that roost on talus slopes. Talus surveys, unlike longer-established methods to monitor bat populations, provide ways to assess error. We recommend using talus surveys to monitor other rock-roosting bat species with poorly understood populations, such as many species in western North America.
Micro-Tremor Data Analysis for Site Response Studies of Srinagar, Garhwal (India)
Authors: Chauhan Pradeep Kumar Singh , Mittal Abha , Devi Gayatri , Singh Anirudh
Published: April 2020

Site response studies using micro-tremor or ambient noise data are one of the well-known tools of seismic hazard assessment and microzonation. Different soil types behave differently for the same ground motion - some amplify it and some do not. It is well-accepted that, besides the earthquake magnitude and epicenter distance, local geology exerts significant influence on earthquake ground motion at a given location. In general, soft soil and thick overburden amplify the ground motion. Micro-tremor data provides an important input in seismic microzonation studies. Srinagar (Garhwal Himalaya), the largest growing city of Uttarakhand, India, lies in seismic zone V and has long seismic history. The micro-tremor data using Altus K2SMA has been collected from 47 locations in different parts of the city. The city has been divided into three zones on the basis of natural frequency (Nf). The most part of the city lies in zone 1. The central part of the city has a share of rest zones i.e. II and III. Vulnerability index has been also computed and found in the range from 1–236.
A Systematic Literature Review on DevOps Capabilities and Areas
Authors: Teixeira Daniel , Pereira Ruben , Henriques Telmo Antonio , Silva Miguel , Faustino João
Published: April 2020

Businesses today need to respond to customer needs at an unprecedented speed. Driven by this need for speed, many companies are rushing to the DevOps movement. DevOps, the combination of development and operations, is a new way of thinking in the software engineering domain that recently received much attention. Since DevOps has recently been introduced as a new term and novel concept, no common understanding of what it means has yet been achieved. Therefore, the definitions of DevOps often are only a part relevant to the concept. This research presents a systematic literature review to identify the determining factors contributing to the implementation of DevOps, including the main capabilities and areas with which it evolves.