bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Philosophy and Ideology of the Future in the Context of Modern Science
Authors: Malinetskiy Georgiy G.
Published: August 2020

The article analyzes the issues of the philosophy and ideology of the future from the point of view of the theory of self-organization, or synergetics. This interdisciplinary approach allows researchers to focus their efforts on the key problems of the development of civilization and, in particular, on designing the future. In the theory of valuable information developed by D.S. Chernavsky, it is shown that there is a number of knowledge, skills, and abilities that increase the probability of their holders to survive and convey essential information to the future generations. In the 21st century, civilizational choice and ideology will be such knowledge. Several “brief histories of the future” are currently popular, from S. Lem and A. Toffler to J. Attali and S.P. Huntington. All of them focus on the projection onto society of achieved or promising industrial technical changes. D. Bell’s theory of post-industrial development as well as the theory of the humanitarian and technological revolution, which is actively developing at the present time, show that this is not correct. The key factor will be the image of the desired future, which underlies the ideology adopted by the elites and public consciousness. The article shows that now a choice is being made between the society that adopts a new leftist ideology or the New Middle Ages. The current socio-economic and military-political instability in the world, which was clearly demonstrated by the situation of the COVID-19 pandemic, shows that without it the world will be dependent on the establishment and other centers of power pursuing their own, far from common, interests.
Criteria to Assess Oral Speech Skills of Secondary School Pupils Studying Udmurt as a Foreign Language
Authors: Botalova Nadezhda Prohorovna , Kotkova Aljona Valerjevna
Published: August 2020

The research objective includes approbation of the developed criteria to assess oral speech skills of secondary school pupils studying Udmurt as a foreign language. The study focuses on analysing the formation of secondary school pupils’ oral speech skills at the lessons of Udmurt as a foreign language. The emphasis is made on speaking as a type of speech activity aimed to develop the Udmurt-language competence. The article introduces an educational-methodological complex for secondary school pupils “Ӟеч-а, бур-а, удмурт кыл!” (“Hello, Udmurt!”). Scientific originality of the paper involves developing criteria to assess oral speech skills of secondary school pupils studying Udmurt as a foreign language. The research findings are as follows: the authors provide a list of communicative skills pupils should acquire when studying Udmurt and introduce criteria to assess oral speech skills of secondary school pupils studying Udmurt as a foreign language.
Using Game Technologies at Online Foreign Language Lessons When Teaching the Theme “Coronavirus Infection” to Secondary and Higher School Students
Authors: Kushnyr Maria Andreevna , Prikhodchenko Petr Ivanovich
Published: August 2020

The paper aims to justify efficiency of using game technologies at online foreign language lessons at institutions of higher and secondary education. The article describes a set of interrelated games dedicated to a relevant problem of COVID-19 spread and summarizes results of their approbation. Scientific originality of the study includes development and approbation of a set of games that familiarize students with the English terminology concerning the basic symptoms, general principles of treatment and prevention of COVID-19. The conclusion is made that games help to assimilate and actualize thematic vocabulary, consolidate previously studied grammatical material, assimilate rules of behaviour under pandemic conditions, raise students’ motivation for learning a foreign language.
Methodology to Develop Military Students’ Infographic Competence
Authors: Rapakova Tat'yana Borisovna
Published: August 2020

The research objective includes development and presentation of the author’s original methodology to develop military students’ infographic competence in the process of foreign language teaching. The article considers the problem of using infographics while teaching a foreign language to military students with the purpose to develop their infographic competence, the essence and specificity of which are revealed. The researcher’s attention is focused on identifying structural components of a methodological system for formation of military students’ infographic competence. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the author develops a unified structural model of her original methodological system, which allows achieving optimal organization of foreign language teaching focused on forming military students’ infographic competence. The research findings justify efficiency of the proposed methodology.
Pedagogical Model of Using Digital Technologies in Realization of Intercultural Component of Bachelor’s Foreign-Language Professional Communicative Competence
Authors: Chernyaeva Irina Vasil'evna
Published: August 2020

The article theoretically justifies the necessity to use digital technologies in realization of the intercultural component of the bachelor’s foreign-language professional communicative competence. The author introduces a pedagogical model developed on the basis of theoretical material analysis, describes stages of approbation experiment, summarizes experimental data, identifies practical value of the findings and specifies research methods. Scientific originality of the paper includes developing a pedagogical model of using digital technologies in realization of the intercultural component of “Information Security” speciality bachelors’ foreign-language professional communicative competence. The findings indicate that the proposed pedagogical model promotes formation of intercultural skills required in a future specialist’s professional activity.
Purifikasi Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Daerah Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 30/PUU-XVI/2018
Authors: Arif M. Yasin Al , Muhammad Hasanuddin
Published: August 2020

Di dalam sistem perwakilan, DPD memiliki peran penting untuk mengartikulasikan kepentingan daerah dalam praktik negara dan pemerintahan, oleh karena itu DPD memiliki kedudukan yang sejajar dengan DPR. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implikasi putusan MK No. 30/PUU-XVI/2018 terhadap perkembangan kepemiluan di Indonesia khususnya pemilihan umum anggota DPD yang dibatasi pada dua pokok permasalahan. Pertama, apa implikasi hukum putusan MK No. 30/PUU- XVI/2018 terhadap pencalonan DPD dan Apa urgensi Penegasan Anggota DPD RI Bebas dari Anggota Partai Politik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa implikasi hukum yang ditimbulkan pasca dikeluarkannya putusan MK No. 30/PUU- XVI/2018  terjadi terhadap perubahan mekanisme pendaftaran calon peserta pemilu anggota DPD dan urgensi penegasan anggota DPD bebas dari partai politik adalah agar terhindar dari Double Representation serta untuk memperkuat prinsip check and balances antara DPD dan DPR.
Menata Ulang Relasi Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat dan Presiden Melalui Politik Hukum Haluan Negara
Authors: Sorik Sutan , Aulia Dian
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini membahas tentang relasi MPR dan Presiden dalam pembentukan, penetapan, serta pertanggungjawaban pencapaian pembangunan nasional. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, dengan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasca reformasi tidak adanya pedoman pembangunan nasional yang secara konkret dijalankan oleh Presiden dan Wakil Presiden terpilih, rencana pembangunan selalu mengacu kepada visi misi pada saat pencalonan pemilihan umum Presiden dan Wakil Presiden. Sehingga pembangunan nasional mengalami benturan politik dan tidak berkelanjutan. Selain hal tersebut, juga dikarenakan tidak adanya lembaga negara yang mampu mengontrol secara penuh terhadap pertanggungjawaban pencapaian rencana pembangunan nasional. Oleh karenanya, penataaan relasi MPR dan Presiden sudah seharusnya dilaksanakan. Idealnya diharapkan MPR dan Presiden kedepan bekerja sama dalam membuat dan menetapkan haluan negara. MPR dan Presiden harus melakukan koordinasi dengan prinsip check and balances. Sehingga tujuan pembentukan pemerintahan Indonesia yang tercantum dalam alinea ke empat pembukaan UUD 1945 dapat tercapai.
A Qualitative Assessment of the Influence of Power, Subjectivity and Discourse on Judges' Access to Justice in Iran's Criminal Justice System
Authors: vahed farzaneh , moazami shahla
Published: August 2020

 I have not come across a paper that deals with
access to criminal justice for women’s with postmodern feminist criminology view.
We conducted Library study and field research between women who enter the
criminal justice system as judges and employees and
came up and they face inequalities in the criminal justice system because of
the dominance of discourse, subjectivity and masculine power.

I
feel that this article will be the beginning
of further research in the field of women and the analysis of masculine
concepts in the criminal justice system.
Crisis management and risk management in the digital age
Authors: Ghenaiet Abir
Published: August 2020

This article examines the nature and role of the media in rendering organizations responsible for managing crises, whether they are governments, business executives, lawyers, communications experts, etc. it is important tounderstand that crises began and continuing to represent a new and significant challenge for organizations of all natures making the latter including communication experts within their workforce as to simplify crisis management operations and to avoid any unnecessary delay creating a crisis. When organizations are affected by a crisis in a race against time, plans and scenarios previously developed are to be readjusted in which media is to be countered with similar communication infrastructures, technologies and services for crisis management?
Understanding Human Learning: Estimating Parameters of Temporal Difference Learning
Authors: Yang Xiao
Published: August 2020

Previous work in psychology has demonstrated how to use the Rescorla-Wagner model to estimate learning parameters from experimental design data (e.g., Iowa gambling test). Yet, the effect of actions on states often occur with a temporal delay in naturalistic settings, which the Rescorla-Wagner model does not model. To explain how humans learn about the time-delayed consequence of their actions requires a temporal difference (TD) learning model, like the state-action-reward-state-action model (SARSA), to incorporate the process of how humans learn about the temporal relations between state and action. This paper proposes a SARSA-based algorithm to estimate the learning rate and discount factor in such temporal difference learning processes, in order to quantify human learning process from behavior sequence data in naturalistic settings (e.g., experience sampling). Specifically, this paper uses a grid search over possible parameter space of learning rate and discount factor to find the best fitting values. To evaluate this estimation algorithm, simulations are conducted to provide evidence that the estimation algorithm can accurately recover the TD learning parameters. Then this estimation method is applied on an empirical dataset of exercise and stress. This new estimation method of TD learning parameters can open opportunities for important health-related empirical applications, including explaining individual-level TD learning, specifically, how human change their behaviors to achieve health-related goals. Additionally, the estimated learning parameters can also be used to design just-in-time adaptive personalized intervention (control) to induce behavior change.
Depth-resolved approach for the attenuation coefficient calculation from the Optical Coherence Tomography data and its application for the brain imaging
Authors: Moiseev Alexander A. , Achkasova Ksenia , Yashin Konstantin , Kiseleva Elena , Bederina Eugenia , Kuznetsov Sergey , Gelikonov Grigory V. , Shilyagin Pavel A. , Medyanik Igor , Zagaynova Elena , Gladkova Natalia
Published: August 2020

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a promising tool for intraoperative tissue morphology determination. Several studies suggest that the attenuation coefficient, derived from the OCT images can differentiate between normal and tumorous tissues, as well as between gray and white brain matter. The methods used for attenuation coefficient derivation in these studies follow the assumption that the optical properties of the specimen are uniform within the OCT imaging depth range. Although this approximation is appropriate for the brain tissue, it is still quite restrictive. In the present study depth-resolved method for attenuation coefficient calculation was adopted for the real-world situation of the depth-dependent OCT sensitivity and additive imaging noise and applied to the imaging of the cadaveric brain. It was shown that the application of the less restrictive method for the attenuation calculation may reveal additional brain structures in the same dataset, as well as provide a statistically significant difference for the white matter attenuation coefficient in the different brain areas.
Verbal interference suppresses object-scene binding in visual long-term memory
Authors: Urgolites Zhisen , Brady Timothy F. , Wood Justin Newell
Published: August 2020

Building a unified representation of an event requires binding object and scene information in visual long-term memory (VLTM). While previous studies have examined how humans remember individual objects and scenes, little is known about the mechanisms that support object-scene binding. In this study, we examined whether language plays a role in binding objects and scenes in VLTM. Participants studied a large number of object-scene pairs, either while performing no concurrent task, a concurrent verbal shadowing task, or a concurrent rhythmic shadowing task. Participants were then tested on their memory for the individual objects and scenes (entity memory) or their memory for which objects were displayed in which scenes (object-scene binding). We found that (1) the rhythmic load and verbal load impaired memory for objects and scenes to a similar extent, but (2) the verbal load impaired object-scene binding significantly more than the rhythmic load. Thus, suppressing verbal resources during encoding selectively disrupts object-scene binding in long-term memory. We conclude that language networks play an important role in object-scene binding in VLTM.
Restraint use in psychiatric emergency services: Intentions of staff vs consumer experiences in Singapore
Authors: Poremski Daniel , Tham Josephine , Wang Peizhi , Koh Doris , Hariram Jayaraman , Fung Daniel S.S. , Cheng Lee
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground: Physical restraints applied at psychiatric emergency services are infrequent but concerning. Such measures are deleterious to the health of the individual and to the working alliance that exists between the individual and service providers. Aims: To juxtapose service users’ experiences of restraints at a psychiatric emergency service in Singapore with staff’s intention. Methods: Three qualitative interviews were conducted over a year with 44 frequent service users to query their experiences with services. The views of 26 emergency department staff were also obtained. We took a descriptive phenomenological approach to analyse the data.Results: Sixteen of 44 frequent service users report being restrained at emergency services. Service users’ experiences are incongruent with the staff’s meaning of restraints, which relates to safety. The experience of being restrained began with confusion, followed by fear and irritation, ending with embarrassment. Importantly, these emotions were unaddressed during debriefing, when service users were released. Conclusions: Staff must be mindful that their actions are not perceived as intended. Additional staff training may help staff better understand the way in which service users perceive the phenomenon of restraint. De-escalation must not be done in a way that introduces anger into situations where it had previously been absent.
Feeling emotions for others that they don’t feel: Agency appraisals and vicarious anger
Authors: Wondra Joshua Daniel
Published: August 2020

How do people feel emotions for someone else? This has been studied asempathy—feeling the same emotion that someone else feels. But people also feel emotions for someone else that the other person doesn’t feel, such as feeling angry for someone who is sad. We use appraisal theories to predict that people feel an emotion for someone else when they appraise that person’s situation differently. According to appraisal theories, people react to misfortunes with anger if they are caused by another person, but not if the cause is impersonal, and we predicted that this would also be true in feeling emotions for another person, regardless of what the other person feels. In two studies, subjects learned about a disadvantaged high school student who applied to college and was rejected from every school. Subjects felt angrier when they learned that the student’s friend caused the bad outcome than when the student made a well-intentioned mistake, but they did not think the student felt angry. The difference in subjects’ anger was mediated by changes in appraisals of agency. The student believed the rejections were caused by bad circumstances and felt sad in both conditions. The results extend research on empathy and other vicarious emotional experiences by supporting appraisal as a process that is involved in feeling emotions for other people.
When Values Collide: Why Scientists Argue About Open Science and How to Move Forward
Authors: Fife Dustin , Lung Matthew , Sullivan Nadine , Young Chelsie
Published: August 2020

In the early/mid 20th century, scientists and philosophers advocated for a scientific framework that valued objectivity and certainty. This framework was committed to the value-free ideal, which held that social, political, ethical, and personal values are irrelevant to the process of science. This value system was adopted, both in science and public education systems. Indeed, the value of objectivity is thought to be synonymous with sound scientific practice. However, the “replication crisis” showed objectivity and certainty are illusory, and a value-system that favors objectivity may actually incentivize researchers to hide their biases. Over the last few years, a new value system is emerging, one that embraces uncertainty, encourages openness and transparency, and recognizes bias inherent in the scientific enterprise. These values conflict with those of the previous system, which creates discord among the scientific community. In this paper, we trace the origins of the existing value system and delineate new values emerging in the post-replication-crisis scientific community. This new set of values, objectified by the open science movement, recognizes the scientific process as a social enterprise. Neither set of values is inherently better, but both are reactions to the social environment in which researchers participate. What is important, however, is to recognize the significance of personal values in scientific discovery and to open dialogue about how to leverage these values. We conclude with recommendations about how to overcome both discord and the current incentive structure to increase the validity and reputability of science.
Analogy as a catalyst for cumulative cultural evolution
Authors: Brand Charlotte Olivia , Mesoudi Alex , Smaldino Paul E.
Published: August 2020

Analogies, broadly defined, map novel concepts onto familiar concepts, making them essential for perception, reasoning, and communication. We argue that analogy-building served a critical role in the evolution of cumulative culture, by allowing humans to learn and transmit complex behavioural sequences that would otherwise be too cognitively demanding or opaque to acquire. The emergence of a protolanguage consisting of simple labels would have provided early humans with the cognitive tools to build explicit analogies and to communicate them to others. This focus on analogy-building can shed new light on the coevolution of cognition and culture, and addresses recent calls for better integration of the field of cultural evolution with cognitive science.
Laying personality BARE: Behavioral frequencies strengthen personality-criterion relationships
Authors: Elleman Lorien Grey , Condon David M , Revelle William
Published: August 2020

Personality consists of stable patterns of cognitions, emotions, and behaviors, yet personality psychologists rarely study behaviors. Even when examined, behaviors typically are considered to be validation criteria for traditional personality items. In the current study (N = 332,489), we conceptualize (self-reported, yearlong) behavioral frequencies as measures of personality. We investigate whether behavioral frequencies have incremental validity over traditional personality items in correlating personality with six outcome criteria. We use BISCUIT, a statistical learning technique, to find the optimal number of items for each criterion’s model, across three pools of items: traditional personality items (k = 696), behavioral frequencies (k = 425), and a combined pool. Compared to models using only traditional personality items, models using the combined pool are more strongly correlated to four criteria. We find mixed evidence of congruence between the type of criterion and the type of personality items that are most strongly correlated with it (e.g., behavioral criteria are most strongly correlated to behavioral frequencies). Findings suggest that behavioral frequencies are measures of personality that offer a unique effect in describing personality-criterion relationships beyond traditional personality items. We provide an updated, public-domain item pool of behavioral frequencies: the BARE (Behavioral Acts, Revised and Expanded) Inventory.
Stanley et Conrad, paradigmes de deux traditions discursives sur l'Afrique centrale
Authors: HALEN Pierre
Published: August 2020

Version française de : « Stanley and Conrad, founders of Alternative Discourses about Central Africa », in Remembering Africa. Edited by Elisabeth Mudimbe-Boyi. Portsmouth (NH) : Heinemann, Studies in African Literature, 2002, 339 p. ; pp. 56-73.
The long-term effects of oppression: Prussia, Political Catholicism and the Alternative für Deutschland
Authors: Haffert Lukas
Published: August 2020

Contemporary political behavior is often affected by historical legacies, but the specific mechanisms through which these legacies are transmitted are difficult to pin down. This paper argues that historical political conflicts can affect political behavior over several generations when they trigger an enduring organizational mobilization. It studies how the oppression of German Catholics in the 19th century led to a regionally differentiated mobilization of political Catholicism that still affects political support for the radical right Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) today. Using newly collected data on historical oppression events, it shows that Catholic regions where oppression was intense saw greater mobilization of Catholic lay organizations than Catholic regions where oppression was milder and show lower support for the AfD today. The paper thus contributes to the literature on the historical determinants of political behavior as well as to the question which regional context effects strengthen or weaken the radical right.
Co-authorships and gender bias in academia
Authors: Gërxhani Klarita , Kulic Nevena , Liechti Fabienne
Published: August 2020

This article examines gender bias in the Italian academia, and whether this bias depends on one’s collaborative work and its related conventions across academic disciplines. We carry out the research by relying on status characteristics theory, which is tested via a factorial survey experiment of 2,098 associate and full-time professors employed in Italian public universities in 2019. This is one of the few experiments of the hiring process in academia conducted on a nationally representative population of university professors. Our article focuses specifically on three academic disciplines: humanities, economics, and social sciences. The results indicate that female academics in Italy are penalized for co-authoring. They receive less favorable evaluations of their competence, but only when the evaluator is a male. This gender bias is most pronounced in economics, a discipline where conventions of co-authorship allow for more uncertainty on individual contributions to a joint publication. Overall, the results partially confirm our postulates based on status characteristics theory.
A General Framework of Crime Determination and the Controversial Use of Crime in the Efficiency Analysis
Authors: Nepomuceno Thyago Celso Cavalcante
Published: August 2020

Using crime as production input or output has been reported in many assessments of police efficiency. This discussion Preprint evaluates this controversial use based on a general framework of crime and comments from the scientific literature. The complete assessment and discussion of this paper can be accessed in Nepomuceno et al. (2020) "Exogenous Crimes and the Assessment of Public Safety Efficiency and Effectiveness", Annals of Operations Research.
Variable power pacing decreases finishing time compared to constant pacing in cycling time trials: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Martin Jack
Published: August 2020

Aims This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effects of variable pacing strategies for outdoor cycling time trials in relation to reducing event time by optimising power distribution in parallel with course characteristics. Secondly, this meta-analysis seeks to compare the proposed time savings of variable pacing strategies to constant pacing during cycling time trails. Methods Pubmed, SportsDiscus and Scopus were used with the academic search engines Google Scholar and ResearchGate. The databases were searched for randomised control trials and repeated measures design studies and any other study type which met the inclusion criteria. Two repeated measures design studies, one randomised control trial and eight mathematical modelling and simulation studies were included after screening a total of 281 studies. Sample sizes range from 1-20 consisting of either mathematically modelled cyclists or well trained racing cyclists. Results Three different variable pacing strategies were explored (5%, 10% and 15% power variation) concerning three different course lengths; 10, 16.1 and 40-km. For all course profiles and conditions where it was possible, a 15% variation in power output resulted in the most significant time savings compared to constant pacing. The standardised mean difference for 15% variability for a 10-km time trial was -77.682 (s). For 40-km the time saving was -63.684(s). For courses where a 15% variation in power was not achievable (e.g courses with long steep uphill segments where a 15% variation would result in a power output significantly above critical power output) a 10% variation power resulted in the biggest time-saving. Conclusion The primary finding of this meta-analysis was that variable pacing strategies applied in parallel to course characteristics will always result in a significant time saving compared to constant pacing. Cyclists should aim to vary power output by 15% to experience maximal time savings. However, for a variation in power to be successful, it needs to be applied in parallel to course characteristics (course profile or wind conditions). A variable pacing strategy based on distance and irrespective of course characteristics was always detrimental to performance.
A Cross Sectional Study to Assess Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Healthy School Children for Establishment of Normative Data
Authors: Sharma Rajeev , Kaur Avneet , Gupta Manish , Kaur Amarpreet , Arora Hobinder , Singh Sukhpal
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) can be measured by cheap and portable instrument, peak flowmeter which is useful in detecting early asthmatic changes and monitoring the treatment response.

Methods: This study was conducted on 1000 normal healthy children of nine to 14 years of age of either sex from various schools of Faridkot district in South West Punjab, India. Anthropometry was done and PEFR was measured using Mini Bell Peak Flow Meter. Linear regression analysis was done and normograms were constructed.

Results: Linear regression equations were derived for PEFR with height, weight, BSA and BMI in boys and girls. The most significant correlation was seen with height (r = 0.527 in boys, r = 0.410 in girls) followed by body surface area (r = 0.506 in boys, r = 0.296 in girls). Body mass index had negative correlation (r = -0.200) with PEFR in girls. Nomograms were constructed on basis of linear regression equations of PEFR with height (-46.67 + 2.02 x height for boys, -12.64 + 1.50 x height for girls) and BSA (82.02 + 137.2 x BSA for boys, 96.61 + 88.11 x BSA for girls)

Conclusion: There is need for nomogram for each region so that personal value of PEFR can be compared to normal reference population and also with predicted value from regression equation as PEFR varies from region to region. The nomograms and regression equations derived from this study can be useful for predicting normal values of PEFR of children of South West Punjab.
We Are All Digital Now: Digital Photography and the Reshaping of Historical Practice
Authors: Milligan Ian
Published: August 2020

Visiting a reading room in the last five years is a very different experience than what it looked like even fifteen years ago: while a few researchers carefully read archival documents in situ, most are crouched over their archival documents with a smartphone or digital camera in hand, taking thousands of photos that will be analyzed upon return to their home institutions. With the advent of digital photography and less-restrictive archival policies on digital reproduction for personal use, historical research is now characterized by quick trips to gather thousands of photos. What does this mean for the research and writing of history, however? How do researchers create their corpuses and on what information? What work takes place before the archival visit, after the archival visit, and how can we better support this sort of work? Drawing on a 2019 survey of 253 historians employed at Canadian universities, this article argues that through specific reference to the use of digital archival photography, we can see the varied ways in which historical work is being adapted to these new and emerging technological circumstances.
Direitos humanos e democracia participativa sob a lógica capitalista: um debate para repensar o trabalho na política de assistência social
Authors: Cristiane Natalício de Souza  , Andre Luis Duarte
Published: August 2020

Este ensaio teórico problematiza o tema da democracia participativa como expressão dos direitos humanos sob a lógica da sociabilidade capitalista. Para este encaminhamento, o texto contextualiza a democracia das massas no processo de universalização dos direitos sociais, orientada por princípios de equidade e apresenta limites dessa institucionalização evidenciados em conselhos municipais de políticas públicas. Por fim, o debate informa sobre avanços e retrocessos da democracia deliberativa associados a emancipação política e humana na ordem burguesa e apresenta apontamentos importantes para ampliar acessos da sociedade civil às informações institucionais e redistribuir a riqueza socialmente produzida em instâncias públicas de decisão.
Do direito humano à alimentação e à segurança alimentar ao direito à terra: reflexões necessárias em políticas públicas
Authors: Sousa Júnia Marise Matos de
Published: August 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir o Direito Humano À Alimentação Adequada (DHAA), a segurança alimentar e nutricional (SAN) e as políticas públicas, bem como areforma agrária e a luta pela garantia de direitos. Para tanto, buscou-se amparo na discussão teórica sobre as temáticas em voga, em revisão bibliográfica dos documentos oficiais e principais autores, em uma análise crítica dos seus conteúdos. A Constituição Brasileira e outros garante a proteção dos direitos fundamentais de todos os cidadãos. Entre estes direitos, estão o DHAA, a SAN e o direito a terra, sendo todos estes pleiteados pela sociedade, apresentando uma relação direta entre eles. O acesso a terra via reforma agrária é considerado o elemento fundamental para garantí-los. Ressalta-se que não apenas uma política de segurança alimentar será capaz de garantir estes direitos. O acesso à terra  via política de reforma agrária igualmente se faz importante enquanto elemento estrutural neste processo, justificando a luta pela terra, DHAA e a SAN de cada brasileiro. Por isso os movimentos sociais lutaram e permanecem lutando nesta sociedade capitalista e excludente, num país cuja concentração fundiária permanece aos dias de hoje.
Cidade, cultura e acessibilidade: notas iniciais da relação entre cidades educadoras e direitos humanos
Authors: Sousa Ribeiro Gabriela , Karoline Alves da Silva  , Matheus Trindade Coelho da Silva  , Thaynnara de Farias Pinto
Published: August 2020

Ao considerar as premissas das cidades educadoras e dos direitos humanos, buscamos refletir sobre como as cidades podem ser vetores educacionais a ampla gama populacional, independente de suas características antropométricas, sensoriais, cognitivas, etárias etc. Para isso, entendemos que os preceitos do direito à cidade, da acessibilidade integral e do design universal  são fundamentais para possibilitar que cidadãos realmente incluídos na dinâmica citadina possam vivenciar sua cidade, auxiliar a construí-la e aprender e ensinar constantemente com esse processo de vivência de seu território, de sua cultura, de sua identidade. É objetivo deste artigo problematizar em que medida a acessibilidade plena às pessoas com deficiência aos espaços citadinos, principalmente aos espaços culturais, contribui para uma educação holística de ampla gama populacional possibilitada pela troca de experiências e conhecimentos entre pessoas distintas e entre ambientes diversos, reafirmando seus direitos humanos pela possibilidade de vivenciar seu direito à cidade. Para isso, foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais com análise crítica das mesmas. A retroalimentação entre acessibilidade, direito à cidade e cidade educadora se dá na construção diária e cotidiana de vidas dignas, de subjetividades possíveis, de diversidades respeitadas, vozes ouvidas e demandas alcançadas.
As subjetividades do paciente oncológico em um hospital de ensino: a perspectiva do assistente social
Authors: Menezes Lena Lansttai , Brandão Lopes Eli Fernanda
Published: August 2020

O câncer é apontado como a segunda principal causa de morte no mundo, sendo considerado um problema de saúde pública que ganha contornos de ordem biopsicossociais, os quais necessitam da intervenção do assistente social. O presente estudo teve como objetivo retratar a subjetividade vivenciada pelos pacientes oncológicos/hematológicos de um hospital de ensino na perspectiva do assistente social. Trata-se de uma pesquisa fundamentada na metodologia dialética, de abordagem qualitativa, exploratória, e prospectiva, ocorrida no setor oncológico, de um hospital de ensino, localizado no município de Campo Grande-MS no período de maio a julho de 2016. A amostra contou com 10 voluntários, sendo utilizada a entrevista semi-estruturada e a análise de conteúdopara interpretação dos dados apurados. Dos depoimentos obtiveram-se as seguintes vertentes: fator cultural; atendimento psicológico; impossibilidade de trabalhar; colostomia nova realidade; determinantes do tratamento; atendimento do serviço social; tratamento quimioterápico. Conclui-se que a complexidade do atendimento integral das necessidades dos pacientes oncológicos requer que os mesmos sejam reconhecidos e compreendidos de forma multidimensional, por uma equipe multiprofissional, com abordagem interdisciplinar. Acredita-se que, por meio deste estudo, a transmissão dos anseios dos pacientes entrevistados do setor de oncologia, tenha sido viabilizada, oportunizando a socialização de suas vivências, suas necessidades e carências
Pericardial Hydatic Cyst: An Unusual Cause of Heart Failure
Authors: Abdou Abdessamad , Abdou Abdessamad , Boulahya A. , Almaghraoui Oussama , Ezzahraoui R. , Alaoui M.
Published: August 2020

Pericardial hydatic cyst is rare even in endemic countries. We report a case of 69-year-old man with isolated
pericardial hydatid cyst that presented an overall heart failure. Tran thoracic echocardiography and
computed tomography are revealed the pericardial cystic mass. Surgical cystectomy was realized without
cardiopulmonary bypass. In post-operative the patient received albendazole. He remained asymptomatic
without recurrence during 18 months follow-up period.
Variáveis lexicais e ortográficas no acesso lexical das palavras do português brasileiro
Authors: Estivalet Gustavo Lopez
Published: August 2020

Quais variáveis influenciam o acesso lexical no português brasileiro? O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a influência das principais variáveis lexicais e ortográficas no acesso lexical: a. frequência lexical, b. vizinhança ortográfica, c. categoria gramatical, d. número de letras e e. número de sílabas. Modelos de leitura de via dupla postulam diferentes rotas para o processamento lexical e ortográfico, nos quais essas variáveis influenciam diferentemente as etapas do processamento das palavras. Portanto, para uma melhor compreensão do léxico mental, as influências dessas variáveis devem ser analisadas no português brasileiro. Para tanto, aplicou-se um experimento psicolinguístico com tarefa de decisão lexical na modalidade visual entre palavras e pseudopalavras selecionadas e criadas a partir do Léxico do Português Brasileiro. Os resultados apontaram as seguintes diferenças significativas: palavras foram reconhecidas mais rapidamente do que pseudopalavras; palavras de alta frequência foram reconhecidas mais rapidamente do que palavras de média frequência, que por sua vez, foram reconhecidas mais rapidamente do que palavras de baixa frequência; palavras com alta vizinhança ortográfica foram reconhecidas mais rapidamente do que palavras de baixa vizinhança. Esses resultados sugerem que essas variáveis influenciam o processamento das palavras no acesso lexical. Ainda, os resultados das variáveis número de letras e número de sílabas indicam efeitos graduais no reconhecimento das palavras. Assim, a presente investigação contribui para uma melhor compreensão dos processos de leitura durante o acesso lexical, assim como valida a seleção, criação e controle de estímulos com o uso de corpora na pesquisa em psicolinguística experimental no português brasileiro.
O impacto do uso linguístico oral em L2 no reconhecimento de palavras por bilíngues tardios do português e do inglês
Authors: Rodrigues Jamila Viegas , Souza Ricardo Augusto de
Published: August 2020

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar a hipótese de modulação do uso de L2 sobre o reconhecimento por falantes bilíngues do português brasileiro e do inglês de palavras escritas em inglês após sua apresentação oral.  Os pares de palavras alvo se distinguem pelas consoantes nasais /m/ e /n/ em final de sílaba (ex.: them /ðem/ ‘eles, elas’; then /ðen/ ‘então’) porque o contraste fonotático na organização silábica do inglês e do português acarreta impactos sobre o valor fônico atribuído por leitores a grafemas compartilhados pelas convenções ortográficas dessas línguas e que ocorrem em posições grafotáticas análogas na ortografia de sílabas das duas línguas. A investigação ocorreu a partir do rastreamento ocular em experimentos baseados no Paradigma Mundo-Visual (TANENHAUS et al., 1995; TANENHAUS; SPIVEY-KNOWLTON, 1996). O construto “uso linguístico oral” foi operacionalizado através de auto-declaração dos participantes em resposta a itens adaptados do questionário utilizado por Valadares (2017). Os participantes foram 28  brasileiros e nove falantes nativos de língua inglesa. A análise mostrou que maior uso linguístico oral em L2 afeta a capacidade discriminatória dos falantes não nativos. Nossos resultados indicam que o uso é um fator tão relevante na constituição de representações sonoras do léxico em L2 quanto se hipotetiza, a partir da Teoria de Exemplares (BYBEE, 2001, 2010; JOHNSON, 1997, 2005; PIERREHUMBERT, 2001, 2003), que o é na constituição de representações análogas em L1.
Interferência de verbos de concordância da Libras (l1) no uso de preposições na interlíngua de surdos aprendizes de português L2 (escrito)
Authors: Mesquita Aline , Salles Heloisa
Published: August 2020

O estudo investiga a aquisição de português (escrito) como segunda língua (L2) por surdos falantes da Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras) como primeira língua, enfocando o uso da preposição ‘para’ introdutora do complemento dativo no Português Brasileiro (PB). Tomando por referência a hipótese do Acesso Parcial à Gramática Universal, segundo a qual existe interferência da L1 na aquisição de L2, e a hipótese de que o movimento direcional (DIR) em verbos de concordância na Libras e a preposição  ‘para’ no PB são projeções de um núcleo relacional Q/P(⊂), que denota posse/ inclusão, verificamos, por meio de estudo experimental, que a presença do morfema DIR, no verbo de concordância da Libras, favorece a ocorrência da preposição ‘para’ na interlíngua com o verbo correspondente no PB. A interferência é positiva nos casos de coincidência na marcação paramétrica entre as duas línguas, já que o verbo em português seleciona a preposição ‘para’ e seu correspondente em  Libras manifesta DIR. No entanto, a interferência é negativa nos casos em que a preposição ‘para’ ocorre com verbos que não selecionam a preposição dativa no PB, e o verbo correspondente na Libras manifesta DIR.
Avaliando a vitalidade linguística em contextos de multilinguismo: etnografias versus modelos computacionais
Authors: Viotti Evani
Published: August 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é o de discutir o alcance de estudos sobre a vitalidade linguística em regiões multilíngues, feitos no âmbito da teoria da complexidade por meio de modelagens computacionais. Um desses estudos será descrito e comparado com relatos etnográficos que expõem a dinâmica das relações socioeconômicas e políticas que caracterizam algumas ecologias multilíngues, como a do Alto Rio Negro na Amazônia brasileira. Considerando que assumir a língua como um sistema complexo, aberto, dinâmico e auto-organizado é uma avenida promissora para as investigações linguísticas, este trabalho sugere que etnografias e descrições sociolinguísticas parecem capturar mais adequadamente a dinamicidade e complexidade da língua como um fenômeno social do que alguns modelos computacionais que precisam simplificar sobremaneira a caracterização do sistema, e que se baseiam antes em escolhas feitas pelos pesquisadores do que em fatores que, de fato, são definidores do sistema.
O papel da morfologia construcional na formação de antropônimos neológicos
Authors: Rodrigues Letícia Santos
Published: August 2020

Nesta pesquisa, intenta-se observar o papel da Morfologia Construcional na formação de antropônimos neológicos, segundo o aporte teórico da Linguística Cognitiva (BOOIJ, 2005; 2007; 2010; GOLDBERG, 1995; 2006). Os antropônimos em questão provêm do corpus analisado por Rodrigues (2019), a saber, as fichas de registros dos indivíduos que, ao fim do século XIX até início do século XXI, desejaram se vincular à Ordem Terceira do Carmo, localizada no Centro Histórico de Salvador/BA. O critério de seleção dos antropônimos é que estes apresentem, em suas construções, formativos vinculados parcial ou integralmente a uma origem germânica, em razão do fator histórico da ocupação da Península Ibérica pelos considerados “povos germânicos”, que influenciou o léxico antroponímico do Brasil não só pela presença desses formativos, mas também pela herança do modelo bitemático, a partir do qual a união de duas bases resulta em um novo item lexical. A consideração do critério neológico advém de os antropônimos não constarem em alguns dos principais dicionários onomásticos em língua portuguesa: Nascentes (1952), Guérios (1981) e Machado (2003). Dentre os resultados encontrados, é possível confirmar a presença do modelo bitemático nos antropônimos neológicos. Outro fato confirmado é o de que os indivíduos, quando expostos a um conjunto de antropônimos que se utilizam de dado formativo ou a um antropônimo muito produtivo, são capazes, por analogia, de depreender o modelo e reproduzi-lo ao criar novos antropônimos, como é possível demonstrar a partir de esquemas construcionais específicos, segundo os pressupostos da Linguística Cognitiva.
A Comparison of Disability Weights for Alcohol Use Disorders
Authors: Nontarak Jiraluck , Assanangkornchai Sawitri , Callinan Sarah
Published: August 2020

Objective: This study aims to determine and compare the disability weights of alcohol use disorders (AUD) based on responses from AUD patients and a non-patient population using three valuation methods. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected from three hospitals in southern Thailand. Two groups of participants were recruited: 150 patients diagnosed with AUD and a control group containing 150 persons without AUD. Both groups were asked to rate the AUD health states using a visual analogue scale (VAS), and again using either the European Quality of Life-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) instrument or the time trade-off (TTO) technique. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews. Results: The mean disability weights, based on the VAS, TTO and EQ-5D valuation methods obtained from AUD patients were: 0.485, 0.405, and 0.311, respectively, while those obtained from the control group were: 0.541, 0.330, and 0.237, respectively. Disability weights had a positive correlation with AUD severity levels. Employment status and family income were significantly associated with VAS disability weight among the control group. Conclusion: The use of three different instruments to calculate disability weights for people with AUD is feasible in Thailand. The disability weights differ depending on the valuation methods used and respondent groups.
Conference matrices from Legendre C-pairs
Authors: Balonin Nikolay , Ðoković Dragomir
Published: August 2020

Introduction: There are just a few known methods for the construction of symmetric C-matrices, due to the lack of a universal structure for them. This obstruction is fundamental, in addition, the structure of C-matrices with a double border is incompletely described in literature, which makes its study especially relevant. The purpose: To describe the two-border two-circulant construction in detail with the proposal of the concept of C-pairs Legendre. Results: The paper deals with C-matrices of order n=2v+2 with two borders and extends the so called generalized Legendre pairs, v odd, to a wider class of Legendre C-pairs with even and odd v, defined on a finite abelian group G of order v. Such a pair consists of two functions a, b: G→Z, whose values are +1 or −1 except that a(e)=0, where e is the identity element of G and Z is  the ring of integers. To characterize the Legendre C-pairs we use the subsets X={xÎG: a(x)=–1} and Y={xÎG: b(x)=–1} of G. We show that a(x−1)=(−1)v a(x) for all x. For odd v we show that X and Y form a difference family, which is not true for even v. These difference families are precisely the so called Szekeres difference sets, used originally for the construction of skew-Hadamard matrices. We introduce the subclass of the special Legendre C-pairs and prove that they exist whenever 2v+1 is a prime power. In the last two sections of the paper we list examples of special cyclic Legendre C-pairs for lengths v<70. Practical relevance: C-matrices are used extensively in the problems of error-free coding, compression and masking of video information. Programs for search of conference matrices and a library of constructed matrices are used in the mathematical network “mathscinet.ru” together with executable on-line algorithms.