bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cross-Serotype Reactivity of ELISAs Used to Detect Antibodies to the Structural Proteins of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus
Authors: Ludi Anna B. , Morris Alison , Gubbins Simon , Asfor Amin , Afzal Madeeha , Browning Clare F. , Grazioli Santina , Foglia Efrem Alessandro , Wilsden Ginette , Burman Alison , Brocchi Emiliana , Paton David J. , King Donald P.
Published: July 2022

Antibodies to the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) capsid induced by infection or vaccination can provide serotype-specific protection and be measured using virus neutralization tests and viral structural-protein (SP-)ELISAs. Separate tests are needed for each serotype, but cross-serotype reactions complicate serotyping. In this study, inter-serotypic responses were quantified for five SP-ELISA formats by testing 294 monovalent mainly bovine sera collected following infection, vaccination, or vaccination and infection with one of five serotypes of FMDV. Over half of the samples, representing all three immunization categories, scored positive for at least one heterologous serotype and some scored positive for all serotypes tested. A comparative approach to identifying the strongest reaction amongst serotypes O, A and Asia 1 improved the accuracy of serotyping to 73–100% depending on the serotype and test system, but this method will be undermined where animals have been infected and/or vaccinated with multiple FMDV serotypes. Preliminary studies with stabilized recombinant capsid antigens of serotypes O and A that do not expose internal epitopes showed reduced cross-reactivity, supporting the hypothesis that capsid integrity can affect the serotype-specificity of the SP-ELISAs. The residual cross-reactivity associated with capsid surface epitopes was consistent with the evidence of cross-serotype virus neutralization.
Human Platelet Lysate Induces Antiviral Responses against Parechovirus A3
Authors: Jan Ming-Wei , Chiu Chih-Yun , Chen Jih-Jung , Chang Tsung-Hsien , Tsai Kuen-Jer
Published: July 2022

Human platelet lysate (hPL) contains abundant growth factors for inducing human cell proliferation and may be a suitable alternative to fetal bovine serum (FBS) as a culture medium supplement. However, the application of hPL in virological research remains blank. Parechovirus type-A3 (PeV-A3) belongs to Picornaviridae, which causes meningoencephalitis in infants and young children. To understand the suitability of hPL-cultured cells for PeV-A3 infection, the infection of PeV-A3 in both FBS- and hPL-cultured glioblastoma (GBM) cells were compared. Results showed reduced PeV-A3 infection in hPL-cultured cells compared with FBS-maintained cells. Mechanistic analysis revealed hPL stimulating type I interferon (IFN) antiviral pathway, through which phospho-signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), STAT2, interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) were activated and antiviral genes, such as IFN-α, IFN-β, and Myxovirus resistance protein 1 (MxA), were also detected. In addition, an enhanced PeV-A3 replication was detected in the hPL-cultured GBM cells treated with STAT-1 inhibitor (fludarabine) and STAT1 shRNA. These results in vitro suggested an unexpected effect of hPL-activated type I IFN pathway response to restrict virus replication and that hPL may be a potential antiviral bioreagent.
Reporter Flaviviruses as Tools to Demonstrate Homologous and Heterologous Superinfection Exclusion
Authors: Torres Francisco J. , Parry Rhys , Hugo Leon E. , Slonchak Andrii , Newton Natalee D. , Vet Laura J. , Modhiran Naphak , Pullinger Brody , Wang Xiaohui , Potter James , Winterford Clay , Hobson-Peters Jody , Hall Roy A. , Khromykh Alexander A.
Published: July 2022

Binjari virus (BinJV) is a lineage II or dual-host affiliated insect-specific flavivirus previously demonstrated as replication-deficient in vertebrate cells. Previous studies have shown that BinJV is tolerant to exchanging its structural proteins (prM-E) with pathogenic flaviviruses, making it a safe backbone for flavivirus vaccines. Here, we report generation by circular polymerase extension reaction of BinJV expressing zsGreen or mCherry fluorescent protein. Recovered BinJV reporter viruses grew to high titres (107−8 FFU/mL) in Aedes albopictus C6/36 cells assayed using immunoplaque assays (iPA). We also demonstrate that BinJV reporters could be semi-quantified live in vitro using a fluorescence microplate reader with an observed linear correlation between quantified fluorescence of BinJV reporter virus-infected C6/36 cells and iPA-quantitated virus titres. The utility of the BinJV reporter viruses was then examined in homologous and heterologous superinfection exclusion assays. We demonstrate that primary infection of C6/36 cells with BinJVzsGreen completely inhibits a secondary infection with homologous BinJVmCherry or heterologous ZIKVmCherry using fluorescence microscopy and virus quantitation by iPA. Finally, BinJVzsGreen infections were examined in vivo by microinjection of Aedes aegypti with BinJVzsGreen. At seven days post-infection, a strong fluorescence in the vicinity of salivary glands was detected in frozen sections. This is the first report on the construction of reporter viruses for lineage II insect-specific flaviviruses and establishes a tractable system for exploring flavivirus superinfection exclusion in vitro and in vivo.
Polymorphic Forms of Human Cytomegalovirus Glycoprotein O Protect against Neutralization of Fibroblast Entry by Antibodies Targeting Epitopes Defined by Glycoproteins H and L
Authors: He Li , Taylor Scott , Costa Catherine , Görzer Irene , Kalser Julia , Fu Tong-Ming , Freed Daniel , Wang Dai , Cui Xiaohong , Hertel Laura , McVoy Michael A.
Published: July 2022

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) utilizes different glycoproteins to enter into fibroblast and epithelial cells. A trimer of glycoproteins H, L, and O (gH/gL/gO) is required for entry into all cells, whereas a pentamer of gH/gL/UL128/UL130/UL131A is selectively required for infection of epithelial, endothelial, and some myeloid-lineage cells, but not of fibroblasts. Both complexes are of considerable interest for vaccine and immunotherapeutic development but present a conundrum: gH/gL-specific antibodies have moderate potency yet neutralize CMV entry into all cell types, whereas pentamer-specific antibodies are more potent but do not block fibroblast infection. Which cell types and neutralizing activities are important for protective efficacy in vivo remain unclear. Here, we present evidence that certain CMV strains have evolved polymorphisms in gO to evade trimer-specific neutralizing antibodies. Using luciferase-tagged variants of strain TB40/E in which the native gO is replaced by gOs from other strains, we tested the effects of gO polymorphisms on neutralization by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting four independent epitopes in gH/gL that are common to both trimer and pentamer. Neutralization of fibroblast entry by three mAbs displayed a range of potencies that depended on the gO type, a fourth mAb failed to neutralize fibroblast entry regardless of the gO type, while neutralization of epithelial cell entry by all four mAbs was potent and independent of the gO type. Thus, specific polymorphisms in gO protect the virus from mAb neutralization in the context of fibroblast but not epithelial cell entry. No influence of gO type was observed for protection against CMV hyperimmune globulin or CMV-seropositive human sera, suggesting that antibodies targeting protected gH/gL epitopes represent a minority of the polyclonal neutralizing repertoire induced by natural infection.
Willingness to Accept the COVID-19 Vaccine and Related Factors among Indian Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Parthasarathi Ashwaghosha , Puvvada Rahul , Shankar Malavika , Siddaiah Jayaraj , Ganguly Koustav , Upadhyay Swapna , Mahesh Padukudru
Published: July 2022

To achieve herd immunity to a disease, a large portion of the population needs to be vaccinated, which is possible only when there is broad acceptance of the vaccine within the community. Thus, policymakers need to understand how the general public will perceive the vaccine. This study focused on the degree of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and refusal and explored sociodemographic correlations that influence vaccine hesitancy and refusal. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among the adult population of India. The survey consisted of basic demographic questions and questions from the Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) Scale. Multinomial logistical regression was used to identify correlates of vaccine hesitancy and refusal. Of the 1582 people in the study, 9% refused to become vaccinated and 30.8% were hesitant. We found that both hesitancy and refusal predictors were nearly identical (lower socioeconomic status, female gender, and older age groups), except for three groups (subjects aged 45–64 years, those with approximate income <10,000 INR/month, and those residing in rural households) that showed slightly higher odds of vaccine hesitancy than refusal. We need to address the underlying sociodemographic determinants and formulate public awareness programs to address specific subgroups that are at higher risk of rejecting the vaccine and convert those who are undecided or hesitant into those willing to accept the vaccine.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Recent Advances in Vaccine Development
Authors: Killough Matthew , Rodgers Aoife , Ingram Rebecca
Published: July 2022

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important opportunistic human pathogen. Using its arsenal of virulence factors and its intrinsic ability to adapt to new environments, P. aeruginosa causes a range of complicated acute and chronic infections in immunocompromised individuals. Of particular importance are burn wound infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and chronic infections in people with cystic fibrosis. Antibiotic resistance has rendered many of these infections challenging to treat and novel therapeutic strategies are limited. Multiple clinical studies using well-characterised virulence factors as vaccine antigens over the last 50 years have fallen short, resulting in no effective vaccination being available for clinical use. Nonetheless, progress has been made in preclinical research, namely, in the realms of antigen discovery, adjuvant use, and novel delivery systems. Herein, we briefly review the scope of P. aeruginosa clinical infections and its major important virulence factors.
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI H5Nx, Clade 2.3.4.4.b) in Poultry and Wild Birds in Sweden: Synopsis of the 2020–2021 Season
Authors: Grant Malin , Bröjer Caroline , Zohari Siamak , Nöremark Maria , Uhlhorn Henrik , Jansson Désirée S.
Published: July 2022

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI, Gs/Gd lineage) was introduced to Europe in 2005 and has since caused numerous outbreaks in birds. The 2020–2021 season was the hitherto most devastating when considering bird numbers and duration in Europe. Surveillance data, virologic results and epidemiologic investigations from the 2020–2021 outbreaks in Sweden were analysed. Subtypes H5N8 and H5N5 were detected on 24 farms with poultry or other captive birds. In wild birds, subtypes H5N8, H5N5, H5N1, H5N4, H5Nx were detected in 130 out of 811 sampled birds. There was a spatiotemporal association between cases in wild birds and poultry. Based on phylogeny and epidemiology, most of the introductions of HPAI to commercial poultry were likely a result of indirect contact with wild birds. A definite route of introduction to poultry could not be established although some biosecurity breaches were observed. No spread between farms was identified but airborne spread between flocks on the same farm was suspected. Our findings exemplify the challenges posed by the continuously changing influenza viruses that seem to adapt to a broader species spectrum. This points to the importance of wild bird surveillance, compliance to biosecurity, and identification of risk factors for introduction on poultry farms.
Procedures and Legal Instruments for Drought Declaration in the Segura River Basin (Spain)
Authors: Redondo-Orts José Alberto , Sáez-García Miguel A. , López-Ortiz María Inmaculada
Published: July 2022

The phenomenon of drought and its socioeconomic and environmental consequences have been addressed in many studies, which show that anticipating its diagnosis and activating specific management measures are fundamental for providing an efficient response. In the Segura River Basin, located in south-east Spain, many episodes have occurred throughout history, with devastating effects on production and supply systems. However, they have enabled us to learn and evolve towards developing a resilient system to address these situations, through the application of external resources, transfers from other basins and non-conventional resources derived from the reuse of treated water and desalinated seawater. This evolution has been possible thanks to the advances made in hydrological planning and, specifically, the Special Drought Plans, through the development of indicator systems associated with scenarios which enable the automatic activation of specific actions to reduce the impacts. Climate change is already a reality and has led to an increase in the frequency and intensity of droughts, testing the capacity to respond based on the current policies. Therefore, the objective of this research is to analyse the last drought occurring in the Segura River Basin in the period 2015–2019 by comparing the status indicators developed for detecting drought in the SDP 2007 with its subsequent review carried out in the year 2018, in which these indicators were updated and expanded so as to cover both drought and scarcity. Subsequently, an in-depth analysis has been made of the approved legislation and the measures adopted which consisted in the mobilisation of more than 600 hm³ of extraordinary resources, which have been able to maintain the supply to the population and minimise the economic losses of the productive systems, particularly in irrigated agriculture.
A Study on the Online Attention of Emergency Events of Torrential Rain in Shanxi and Henan
Authors: Guo Xiaojia , Yao Huilin , Chen Xingpeng , Li Ya
Published: July 2022

To analyze the differences in the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of online attention to sudden torrential rain public events in Shanxi and Henan provinces in China, and their influencing factors, the Baidu index search platform was used to obtain the online attention of 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) nationwide for the 20 July 2021 to 9 August 2021 Henan torrential rain and the 5 October 2021 to 25 October 2021 Shanxi torrential rain. The geographical concentration index, the coefficient of variation, the Moran index, and the Pearson correlation were used to analyse the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the online attention of the floods in Shanxi and Henan and their influencing factors. The study shows that: (1) from a temporal perspective, the daily internet attention of both the Shanxi and Henan torrential rain reached its highest value on the third day, showing a sharp rise followed by a sharp fall in an inverted “V” pattern, and compared to the prolonged and continuous torrential rain in Shanxi, the short-lived precipitation and broken ring of the Henan torrential rain were seriously urgent, showing a higher internet attention. For example, the highest daily attention in Shanxi was only 73,643, while the highest daily attention in Henan was 56,054, which is 7.6 times higher than the former. The Geographical Concentration (G) index of internet attention for torrential rain in Shanxi increased from 1.55 to 8.25 within three weeks, with attention shifting from scattered to concentrated, while the G-index for torrential rain in Henan showed an inverted “V” shape; the Coefficient of Variation (CV) index for torrential rain in both provinces showed a downward trend within three weeks. (2) In terms of spatial distribution, the regional distribution of the network concern about the torrential rain in Shanxi and Henan is uneven. The provinces and cities with a higher concern about the torrential rain in Shanxi are mainly some eastern provinces and cities, such as Jiangsu, Beijing, Zhejiang, Fujian, Hainan, etc., who have signed coal protection agreements with Shanxi. The provinces and cities with a higher concern about the torrential rain in Henan are mainly the economically developed coastal provinces or provinces adjacent to Henan, such as Beijing, Zhejiang, Shandong, and Shaanxi, etc. The concern of each city for the torrential rain in the two provinces is in line with the law of distance decay. (3) In terms of influencing factors, the level of regional economic development, demographic factors, and Internet penetration and distance all have a certain influence on the level of attention to sudden torrential rain, and the study found that the level of economic development and demographic factors have the most significant influence on the level of internet attention.
Pirmieji Vilniaus pranciškonų geradariai: 1522 m. Žygimanto Senojo privilegijos tyrimas
Authors: Baronas Darius
Published: July 2022

THE FIRST PATRONS OF VILNIUS FRIARS MINOR CONVENTUAL: A STUDY OF KING SIGISMUND THE OLD‘S CHARTER OF 1522

On 3 December 1522, the King of Poland and the Grand Duke of Lithuania Sigismund the
Old issued a charter whereby he confirmed all donations and emoluments granted by his
predecessors, by magnates, boyars, and townspeople to the Franciscans of Vilnius established there in about 1387. The documents were brought to the royal attention by prior George of Cracow who asserted that he managed to collect only 54 ones, while the rest must have perished due to the lack of care on the part of his own predecessors. Fortunately, the prior was not right as no less than 27 additional documents did survive to this day. The analysis of all of them (81) allowed us to break down the patrons into such groups as grand dukes 4 (4.9%), magnates 15 (18.5%), boyars 55 (67.9%), and townspeople 7 (8.6%).
Formal Home Care, Informal Support and Caregiver Health: Should Other People Care?
Authors: Juin Sandrine
Published: July 2022

Dans un contexte de vieillissement de la population, il est important de s’intéresser aux aidants informels qui sont les principaux fournisseurs d’aide aux personnes âgées en perte d’autonomie. Ce travail étudie dans quelle mesure le soutien social (i. e. le soutien informel fourni par les proches et l’aide formelle à domicile) influe sur la santé mentale et l’état de santé général des aidants. Afin de corriger des potentiels biais d’endogénéité, des modèles à variables instrumentales sont estimés sur un échantillon de 755 aidants non-cohabitants de l’Enquête Handicap-Santé (2008-2009). Les estimations montrent qu’une hausse du nombre d’heures d’aide formelle réduit significativement le risque que l’aide affecte la santé et qu’elle conduise à des troubles du sommeil ou à un sentiment dépressif. Le nombre total d’aidants informels réduit quant à lui le risque de fatigue morale, de palpitations/ tachycardie et de troubles du sommeil. Ces résultats soulignent l’importance d’améliorer l’accès aux services d’aide à domicile et d’encourager le soutien et les solidarités informels.
Attitude of higher education learners toward online examination
Authors: Almoslamani Yousef
Published: July 2022

The study aimed to enrich the national online learning context and settle the skeptical arguments regarding the student's attitude toward online examination and misconduct among them. A cross-sectional approach is used, and an online survey distributed over the sample of the study consists of 762 higher education learners in Saudi universities. The results of the study showed those positive students' attitudes toward online examination, reveals no significant differences exist on the dependent variables between the different genders and degrees, and significant differences were evident on the dependent variables related to study year and college.
The impact of the war with Russia on the export/import of Ukraine and possible tools to restore the Ukrainian economy
Authors: Lytvynova Ievgeniia , Ignatyuk Anzhela , Knir Mariya , Liubkina Olena
Published: July 2022

The war posed a new challenge to the Ukrainian economy: how to ensure the recovery of Ukrainian exports / imports and enable businesses to recover after the war. The aim of this study was to identify possible tools of the customs tariff mechanism that will help Ukrainian companies to recover and start working. This study is comparative and compares the structures of customs and tariff regulation of the EU and Ukraine, both in pre-war Ukraine and during the war. A poll conducted in 2022 shows the attitude of Ukrainian business to reforms and the introduction of new instruments of the customs tariff mechanism. The survey was conducted among 76 companies engaged in exports and import, of which 29 have an import component in their goods. The survey examined the business response to the introduction of the proposed innovations in Ukraine. The research methodology is based on qualitative and quantitative research methods. This study proposes ways to improve the customs tariff mechanism in Ukraine, namely the presentation of the latest models to improve the existing customs tariff mechanism, which were developed in early 2022, and are effective for the recovery of the Ukrainian economy after the war. This study also includes an analysis of the impact of the proposed models on the achievement of sustainable development goals in Ukraine in the future.
The impact of pandemic on the development of distance learning technologies in the training of music teachers
Authors: Shcherbak Ihor , Mykhaskova Maryna , Parfentieva Iryna , Ilinitska Nataliia , Oleksyuk Miroslava
Published: July 2022

During the Covid-19 pandemic, each of us should be able to continue working, studying, and living, although the disease imposes certain restrictions because people have to maintain a social distance and have many other limitations. The main thing for the educational space is that you have to minimize contact in all areas.

This article aims to substantiate the feasibility of distance education and its technologies scientifically. Furthermore, the relationship between distance music education, modern computer technology, and applications that are now called know-how is revealed.

Research methodology. The research practice is based on quantitative and qualitative analysis of the information sources and the results obtained. These collection methods are valid for secondary and primary information. The survey method became necessary in this context. Research data was obtained through thematic analysis and observations related to the research objectives of the work. The research results of the survey were used in the systematization and formation of conclusions. The introduction of audio-visual technology in the educational process contributes to the improvement of motivation to learn in the background of improved academic performance. The importance of this study is determined by the fact that it is not only concerned with the general problem of the educational system in general but pays special attention to music education in particular. The study also deals with technological innovation and all that goes along. Another factor in the importance of the study is that the methodological developments presented in the research and the research problem are relevant to workers in the field of music education, which makes the promulgation of successful teaching practices essential.
Time-Modulated Transmissive Programmable Metasurface for Low Sidelobe Beam Scanning
Authors: Bai Xudong , Zhang Fuli , Sun Li , Cao Anjie , Zhang Jin , He Chong , Liu Longhai , Yao Jianquan , Zhu Weiren
Published: July 2022

Programmable metasurfaces have great potential for the implementation of low-complexity and low-cost phased arrays. Due to the difficulty of multiple-bit phase control, conventional programmable metasurfaces suffer a relatively high sidelobe level (SLL). In this manuscript, a time modulation strategy is introduced in the 1-bit transmissive programmable metasurface for reducing the SLLs of the generated patterns. After the periodic time modulation, harmonics are generated in each reconfigurable unit and the phase of the first-order harmonic can be dynamically controlled by applying different modulation sequences onto the corresponding unit. Through the high-speed modulation of the real-time periodic coding sequences on the metasurface by the programmable bias circuit, the equivalent phase shift accuracy to each metasurface unit can be improved to 6-bit and thus the SLLs of the metasurface could be reduced remarkably. The proposed time-modulated strategy is verified both numerically and experimentally with a transmissive programmable metasurface, which obtains an aperture efficiency over 34% and reduced SLLs of about −20 dB. The proposed design could offer a novel approach of a programmable metasurface framework for radar detection and secure communication applications.
A Study on Brands of North Korea: Focusing on trademarks of North Korea registered in the World Intellectual Property Organization(WIPO)
Authors:   Public Policy Research Institute, Korea University, Jeon Byung-kil
Published: July 2022

This study aims to understand the current status of brands of North Korea through trademarks registered in the World Intellectual Property Organization(WIPO), a global forum related to Intellectual Property(IP) services, including trademarks and patents. Since Kim Jong-un called for the implementation of the Socialist Corporate Responsible Management System in 2014, more than 50 trademarks of North Korea have been registered in WIPO until now. However, analysis and research on each brand of North Korea have not been actively conducted. In particular, not much research was trying to academically analyze brands of North Korea that are registered in global organizations. As so, this study will be a valuable guide to related research in the future.
The Role of ‘Science, Technology, and Education’ in the Survival Strategy of the Kim Jong-un Regime
Authors:   Public Policy Research Institute, Korea University, Kim Jeong-ho , Cho Yun Young
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the role of the Kim Jong-un regime's survival strategy as the topic of "science, technology, and education" emphasized by North Korea in its push for the five-year national economic development plan from 2021.
Considering that "science, technology, and education" is an important factor in economic growth in the (neo) growth theory, the Kim Jong-un regime's five-year economic development plan must be key factors for the success of the plan.
In addition, an analysis of why the North Korean authorities make "science, technology, and education" an important topic through 2,228 pages published by the 『Rodong』 Newspaper in 2021 showed that the Kim Jong-un regime's "science, technology, and education" has a strong political and social propaganda meaning and is used as a kind of political instigation/control tool.
“Science, technology, and education” presented by Kim Jong-un are tools to control the thoughts and actions of internal members to maintain the regime by presenting advanced images to residents.
RISKS OF MANIFESTATION OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN CHILDREN - RECONVALESCENTS OF ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA
Authors: Белова В.Ю. , Спичак И.И.
Published: July 2022

Изучение метаболического синдрома берет свое начало с середины XX века, когда впервые обратили внимание на взаимосвязь ожирения, заболеваемости сердечно-сосудистой системы и смертности. На сегодняшний день термин «метаболический синдром», помимо ожирения, включает в себя артериальную гипертензию и нарушение толерантности к глюкозе. Среди онкологических пациентов интерес к данному синдрому вызван возрастающей когортой пацентов-реконвалесцентов острого лимфобластного лейкоза, которые после проведенного лечения имеют риск проявления ранних и поздних побочных эффектов, одним из которых является развитие метаболического синдрома.
CARDIOTOXICITY OF ANTICANCER THERAPY: ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC PHENOMENOLOGY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS AT THE STAGES OF REHABILITATION
Authors: Жуковская Е.В. , Кудинова Т.В. , Бостанов Д.Е. , Алексеева С.И.
Published: July 2022

Актуальность изучения проявлений кардиотоксичности у детей и подростков после окончания терапии обусловлена риском развития опасных для жизни осложнений. В качестве индикативных показателей проявлений кардиотоксичности рассмотрена феноменология ЭКГ обследования. Цельюисследования был сравнительный анализ тяжести поражения сердца у пациентов с различной токсической нагрузкой ПОТ.Материалы и методы. Группа из 293 пациентов разделена на 3 составные части в зависимости от нозологической принадлежности (острый лимфобластный лейкоз, опухоли задней черепной ямки и выделена группа иммунодефицитых состояний).Результаты. Нарушение процессов реполяризации и нарушений ритма чаще встречаются у пациентов с острым лимфобластным лейкозом. Наиболее благополучной оказались дети с иммунодефицитными состояниями, не получавшие противоопухолевую терапию.Заключение. Кратность и продолжительность курсов реабилитации определяется тяжестью выявленных проявлений кардиоксичности.
Results of “proroot mta” application in treatment of chronic periodontitis in teeth with incomplete root formation
Authors: Korneeva N.M. , Novikova E.A. , Popova D.S. , Rabadanova K.S. , Rzaeva L.Ya
Published: July 2022

Based on the literature data, the article analyzes the features of the morphological structure of the endodontic teeth with incomplete root formation, pathomorphological characteristics of the development of periodontal inflammation in children and the features of the tactics of conservative endodontic treatment of chronic periodontitis.
In detail discussed methods of treatment aimed at the formation of a barrier separating the lumen of the canal and the periodontium, the main of which is apexification.
The technique of apexification using calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), as well as the technique of revascularization or regeneration of pulp-like tissue (RPT), their advantages, limitations and possible complications are considered. Indications are formulated for choosing a particular treatment method.
The features of the application of the discussed methods are illustrated by a clinical case.
A study of the prevalence of dental anomalies among orthodontic patients of different age groups
Authors: Skubitсkaya A.G. , Strusovskaya O.G.
Published: July 2022

The aim of the work was to determine the prevalence of dentoalveolar anomalies among orthodontic patients of different age groups. According to the analysis, it was found that for 11 months of work, 473 people turned to one orthodontist, which averages from 40 to 45 new visits per month. The largest group was the group of patients aged 18—35 years, which accounted for 66% of the total number of requests. Other age groups were distributed as follows: children under 12 — 20.5%; 12—17 years old — 11.2%; patients aged 36—55 years — 2.3%. Comprehensive orthodontic examination included biometric examination of models, analysis of cone-beam computed tomography, targeted radiography, orthopantomogram and teleroentgenogram. As a result of the studies, it was found that the diagnosis “K07.3 Anomaly in the position of individual teeth. Crowding of teeth” prevailed in each age group and was diagnosed in 88.58% of cases (419 people out of 473 examined). The crowded position of the teeth greatly complicates oral hygiene, contributing to an increase in the level of contamination by microorganisms, the formation of plaque, tartar, the development of dental caries and periodontal pathologies, resulting in early tooth loss. Taking into account the number of requests from patients under the age of 12 (20.5%), it was concluded that it is necessary to popularize orthodontics as a type of dental care that allows you to choose the most effective ways to solve problems caused by dental anomalies in childhood and adolescence with maximum accuracy.
On the issue of hygienic maintenance of post-resection maxillary obturator prostheses (literature review)
Authors: Galonsky V.G. , Kostritsky I.Yu. , Surdo E.S. , Mokrenko E.V.
Published: July 2022

Based on literature data, this article reviews a range of problems associated with hygienic care after obturation prostheses and the oral cavity after combined treatment of malignant neoplasms. At the present time, replacing prosthetic care after maxillary resection due to malignant neoplasms using obturator prostheses is the main method for rehabilitation of oncological patients. Such methods as dental prosthetic care based on dental implants and removable dentures for elimination of partial and complete edentulism is impossible in such conditions. A defect in the maxilla, an oronasal fistula, post-operative and post-radiation jaw contracture as well as hyposalivation, impair the hygiene of the oral cavity. Acrylic plastics used for production of obturator prostheses have such substantial flaws leading to development of inflammation and progression of atrophy in the supporting tissues of the basal seat. This reduces short-term and long-term efficacy of orthopaedic dental rehabilitation procedures after replacing dental prosthetics. A conclusion has been drawn on the necessity of development and practical introduction of a special complex of dental hygienic procedures — professional and individual — adapted for oncological patients that would be implemented within the framework of dynamic dispensary observation in the setting of a dental polyclinic.
PROBLEMS OF DIALECTAL CLASSIFICATION OF THE KARELIAN LANGUAGE
Authors: Novak Irina Petrovna
Published: July 2022

The article examines the history of the formation of traditional dialectal classification of the Karelian language, highlights its main problems, and also outlines the ways to solve them. In the course of developing this classification, the administrative principle, based on the volost division of the territory of Karelia at the beginning of the XX century, was used. In Fennistics, there are several variants of this classification, however, they all have a number of specific problems, which can be reduced to the following: 1) the problem of determining the status of individual groups of dialects: Ludic, dialects of Border Karelia, so-called transitional dialects between North Karelian and South Karelian dialects of Karelian Proper; 2) the problem of terminology: on the dialect map of the Karelian language, in fact, supradialects and subdialects are represented, and not dialects; 3) the problem of choosing the basic principle of dialectal division: the administrative principle cannot be used as the dominant one, since the volost boundaries of the beginning of the XX century do not always coincide with typical isoglosses. The article provides illustrative examples that indicate the inconsistency of the existing classification and the need to develop its version based on the results of linguistic analysis. The study is based on the results of the use of two computer programs: a program for comparing dialects of the Karelian language and a program for clustering, based on large volumes of pre-coded dialectal material from the "Dialectological Atlas of the Karelian Language" (1997) (over 38 thousand dialect units). The relevance of the study is due to the urgent need to solve the problems of Karelian dialectology. This is important for determining the actually required number of newly written variants of the Karelian language for the Karelian-speaking population of Russia and Finland.
YRJÖ WICHMANN’s CONTRIBUTION TO UDMURT FOLKLORISTICS
Authors: Nurieva Irina Murtazovna
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to identifying the role of the Finnish scientist Yrjö Jooseppi Wichmann in the formation and development of Udmurt folkloristics. In Udmurt sciences, Yrjö Wichmann is represented as a linguist, one of the founders of comparative historical permistics, who made a huge contribution to Udmurt dialectology, historical phonetics, historical lexicology and etymology. However, the role of the Finnish scientist as a folklorist, who laid the foundations for the principles of recording and publishing folklore material, including music, has not yet been appreciated in Finno-Ugric studies. He made two long trips to the Udmurts in order to study some Udmurt dialects, there he recorded a significant corpus of samples of Udmurt speech. The corpus is composed of different genres of Udmurt folklore: songs, conspiracies, prayers, riddles, legends, etc., published in two volumes of "Wotjakische sprachproben" (1893; 1901). In addition, possessing musical notation, he recorded and published a corpus of melodies of Udmurt ritual songs, which have become a valuable source for modern comparative research. A rare success of the Finnish researcher should be considered records of rare instrumental tunes that accompanied pagan prayers. Publishing and describing folklore material, Yu. Vihmann, as a linguist-dialectologist, used the areal method, and for the first time used the folkloristic principles of classification, dividing the folklore material of each dialect into genre-thematic groups. At the same time, Yu. Wichmann, the first scientist in the history of Udmurt folkloristics, applied ethnomusicological methods in describing the genre system, the structure of melodies and the performing manner. Yrjö Wichmann rightfully occupies a prominent place in the history of Udmurt folklore studies. To a certain extent, he was ahead of his time, using the methodology and principles of working with folklore material, which have become fundamental in modern Russian folklore studies.
KARELIAN STUDIO: THE REASONS AND CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE ACTOR’s CLASS CREATION
Authors: Ruzhinskaya Irina Nikolaevna
Published: July 2022

The article examines the history of creation of the Karelian studio of the Central Theater School - Leningrad Theater Institute in 1938-1943. The author focuses on the reasons for the formation of actors' studio in connection with the transformation of the Finnish Drama Theater KASSR into Karelian one. The article discusses the specifics of the work of theater schools in the 1930s which prepare the national personnel. Attention is focused on the stages of the formation of the Karelian studio and its composition. The work is based on a complex of methods with the dominance of the historical and biographical method. Variety of sources, mainly archival documents, have been used in the study, most of which are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. As a result of the work done, the personnel of the Karelian workshop was restored. It is concluded that the emergence of the national studio was caused by a complex of circumstances, the dominant role among which was played by the vector of national-state policy in the USSR.
TO THE 85th ANNIVERSARY OF EGOR EGOROVICH ZAGREBIN
Authors: Kirillova Roza Vladimirovna
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the 85th birthday anniversary of the playwright, novelist, publicist, people's writer of the UR Egor Zagrebin. He is one of the most famous Udmurt writers in the Finno-Ugric world, who has done a lot for the national culture not only as an author, but also as a chairman of the UR Union of Writers. Egor Zagrebin raised the Udmurt drama to a new level. His works have become an organic part of multinational Russian literature. The creative legacy of Egor Zagrebin remains in demand among cultural figures and readers of Russia and foreign countries.
CONTEMPORARY RUSSIAN EUROPEANISM AS A "MARGINAL" POLITICAL TRADITION AND A HISTORIOGRAPHIC GRAND NARRATIVE
Authors: Kirchanov M.V.
Published: July 2022

The author analyses the development features of Europeanism as an invented political tradition and historiographic grand narrative in Russian intellectual history. It is assumed that modern Russian Europeanism is related to the cultural traditions of Russian Westernisation genetically, as well as the reforms of the 1990s, when the political elites of Russia had pro-Western sympathies. The author perceives Europeanism as a number of heterogeneous intellectual phenomena. The author believes that historical and literary academic studies became the main form of the history and functioning of Russian Europeanism in the 2000s and 2010s. It is assumed that the Russian intellectual communities of historians, philologists and literary critics exist in a state of institutionalised dependence on the Western European model of humanitarian knowledge. The article shows that Russian Europeanism has two forms: firstly, the desire of Russian intellectuals to write the history of Russia in the European system of coordinates, “imagining” and “inventing” it as a European one; secondly, the refusal of some of them to analyse Russian problems as ideologically and politically motivated a priori. The author analyses attempts to Europeanise the Russian historical process as invented traditions in contexts of alternative historiographic interpretations. It is assumed that the European perception of the historical process became one of the historiographic grand narratives. The author believes that Russian Europeanism had significant cultural and intellectual potential, but it was unable to actualize its adaptive potential in competition with alternative ideological trends, including various versions of the left (communist) and right (nationalist) ideologies. Therefore, contemporary Russian Europeanism is not institutionalised and does not have a formal organisational structure. The author believes that the national intellectual communities, unlike the Russian ones, have not lost interest in the European idea yet, which guarantee the further development of Europeanism in Russia, but in substantially different forms.
VIOLENCE IN THE CLASSROOM. INTEGRATION OF MIGRANTS IN GERMANY
Authors: Tamcke Martin
Published: July 2022

The text reviews a few books, written by muslim migrants in Germany. The kurdish author Balci speaks about the violence in the submilieu of some muslim migrants with special respect to turkish and arab (and kurdish) differences and the violence against the christian migrants. As she had a job in social work with migrants, she relies on facts, but call her book a "novel". The two Iraqis present two ways to think about IS. The one, who never lived for a longer time in the Orient, tries to imagine, how the radicalisation can come into being in Germany among muslim migrants, that leads them to terrorism. The other is coming form this experience, but dont focus on the facts, that pushed him into migration. So the paper give an insight into the sub-milieu of islamists in Germany. Fiction and facts are not easy to differentiate, but each of these books shows aspects of the current debate among them.
Electrostatic effect on the dissolution kinetics of poly(4-hydroxystyrene) in alkaline aqueous solution
Authors: Tanaka Naoki , Kozawa Takahiro , Ikeda Takuya , Komuro Yoshitaka , Kawana Daisuke
Published: July 2022

The effects of pH and ionic strength on the dissolution behavior of poly(4-hydroxystyrene) (PHS) in an alkaline solution were studied to gain a fundamental understanding of the dissolution of chemically amplified resists (CARs). Tetramethylammonium hydroxide, which is a standard developer in recent lithography, and its corresponding salts were used. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) methods were used to study the state of PHS chains in solution and the dissolution behavior of PHS films, respectively. In DLS, a higher pH and ionic strength caused PHS chains to become more dispersed owing to an increase in the number of dissociated acidic groups and the resulting increase in repulsive force. The results of the QCM method showed that the diffusion of the polymer into the liquid phase from the film corresponds to an increase in the number of dissociated acidic groups, but did not correspond to the magnitude of transient swelling.
Fundamental Limits on the Uplink Performance of the Dynamic-Ordered SIC Receiver
Authors: Lusvarghi Luca , Merani Maria Luisa
Published: July 2022

Due to the rapid and widespread growth of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) paradigm, present days witness an exponential increase in the number of connected devices. In this regard, the orthogonal transmission techniques featured by conventional 4G and 5G systems can only support a limited number of simultaneously active users, due to their low spectral efficiency and poorly flexible resource allocation.

To overcome such limitations, the 6G framework will include novel Next Generation Multiple Access (NGMA) solutions that will efficiently and flexibly connect a significantly larger number of devices over the same portion of spectrum. Under the NGMA umbrella, the Power-Domain Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (PD-NOMA) technology is able to accommodate multiple users on the same frequencies by carefully assigning different power levels to the active users and employing Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) receivers.

In this work, we put forth a novel analytical approach to evaluate the performance that PD-NOMA achieves on the uplink of a single cell when a dynamic-ordered SIC receiver is considered. 

With respect to other existing works, the fundamental limits on the system performance are assessed analytically for an arbitrary number $n$ of simultaneously transmitting users, and both the case of Rayleigh and lognormal-shadowed Rayleigh fading are examined.

The closed-form expressions presented in this work, whose correctness and excellent accuracy are validated through Monte Carlo simulations, disclose the impact of lognormal shadowing and an increasingly larger number of active users on the PD-NOMA performance. 