bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXAMINING TIME-VARYING INTEGRITY AND INTERRELATIONSHIPS AMONG GLOBAL STOCK MARKETS
Authors: ALTINBAS HAZAR
Published: September 2020

This paper examines co-movements and interrelationships among 6 emerging and 5 developed stock market returns between period 2001- 2017. First, principal components are extracted from returns. Results show that, for the period analyzed, there is no strong global stock market integration and there isn't any change in patterns of correlations of returns except short-term disturbances in global financial crisis time. Second, partial least squares regression models are used for predicting each stock market returns with other stock markets' current and all markets' up to three month lagged returns. Results identify divergence between developed and emerging markets and greater number of latent transmission channels among former ones. Findings indicate a strong integrity among global stock markets is not yet appeared and considered together with previous studies, today's international market structure can be attributed to last two decades of 20th century. International investors still may benefit from international portfolio diversification opportunities.
Analysis of Factors that Influence Financial Literacy of Millennials in Canada
Authors: Gill Varinder , Li Fuk Chang , Matovu Charles
Published: September 2020

Financial literacy has been recognized as a key skill that equips us with knowledge to manage our financial resources effectively, especially in an increasingly complex financial scenario. Despite its significance, studies around the world indicate that much of the world's population still suffers from financial illiteracy and that measures to remedy the problem are urgently needed. This research focuses on millennials that are the biggest component of the labor force in Canada and as of 2012, households in Canada of the age group under 35 held over 824 billion in assets. Millennials are vulnerable to higher than average levels of disappointment due to their unrealistic financial goals. Despite of their decent earnings, they lack money management skills. The way they behave towards financial literacy may severely affect the economies and societies in which they choose to settle. This study finds out the factors motivating millennials to become financially educated and the best way to spread financial education among motivated people. Moreover, the focus of this research is to find out the sources that millennials get their financial information from. Also, the factors influencing the perception of financial literacy among low-income millennials in comparison to middle income group are studied. Based on our data analysis, we conclude that the overall perception of millennials that they are fairly knowledgeable seems to be a hindrance to their financial literacy. Financially empowered Canadians will reduce the burden on the social safety net and enable them to better plan for their own future. Though there are several programs launched by governments and other organizations in Canada, financial literacy is still a large scale problem. This research proposes future studies on financial literacy among youngsters and millennials so that timely action could be taken to prepare them for their future goals.
The Relation between Climate Change and Economic Growth: The In-vestigation The Regional Differences with RCM Model in EU-28 Countries
Authors: Pala Aynur
Published: September 2020

This study investigates the effect of climate change on economic growth. In the study, it has been used over the period from 1996 to 2014 for EU-28 countries. We applied endogeneity, cross-sectional dependence and slope homogeneity tests. Then, we used panel unit-root and panel cointegration tests. Estimated random coefficient panel regression results show that increasing carbon emission contributes to economic growth in North and East Europe regions countries, relatively cold side. In South-West Europe countries, coefficient of CO2 is insignificant. Increasing carbon emission positively effect on economic growth through especially agricultural and tourism sector outputs in North and East Europe regions.
The Concept of Prudence in Theory and Practice
Authors: Šestanj-Perić Tanja , Keglević Kozjak Suzana
Published: September 2020

This paper studies the concept of prudence in view of the recent changes related to this accounting concept in The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting (CF) prepared by International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). Accounting standards should be based on clear concepts that enable the understanding why individual standards are stipulated the way they are and allow establishment of new recognition and measurement practices not yet covered by standards. This paper contributes to the cognition of how important it is to clarify the concepts underlying the preparation of mandatory financial statements. The conclusions of the paper could be useful for regulators.
The revised CF emphasizes ‘cautious prudence’ supposedly supporting neutrality and neglects conservatism or ‘asymmetric prudence’. Firstly, this paper examines the stance of researchers towards the concept of prudence and reviews the results of some influential theoretical and empirical papers related to accounting conservatism, which is a term used in academic literature instead of the term prudence. Secondly, the effects of more or less conservative treatment on financial reports and usefulness of such information are analyzed based on hypothetical examples. Finally, the examples of how real companies treat development costs are used for the conclusions. The results of analyzed papers show that the most useful information is often information produced by conservative accounting system. Hypothetical examples illustrate how conservatism influences financial reports and real examples confirm the use of conservatism in practice. Therefore, CF as a foundation for development of individual standards should accept conservatism or ‘asymmetric prudence’ as important as neutrality.
Generation Y on labour market – perception of work values and quality of job
Authors: Stanimir Agnieszka
Published: September 2020

The purposes of the study were: to characterize the Generation Y as participants in the labour market; to recognize economic conditions of labour markets; to describe social and individual factors of job values/conditions that concern Generation Y. The article presents the results of the carried out research and its main conclusions. Following hypothesis were constructed: the countries that met the conditions for joining the European Union at the same time differ in their respective ways of developing the labour market and differ on these issues from the countries which joined the Union in other periods. Some hypotheses regarding the perception of the workplace were also tested. For this purpose, subjective variables were determined for the assessment of working and private life conditions. The Eurostat data (due to the homogeneity of variables on the labour market) as well as the data from the European Social Survey (due to the representativeness of the data and the subjective nature of respondents' assessments) were used to conduct the study. As to the analysis techniques, ordering methods were selected: Hellwig's and TOPSIS and also twostep cluster analysis. The indicated set of data and selected analysis methods fully enabled the characterization of the phenomenon. In addition, it was possible to compare the results obtained from both ordering methods. As a result, it was found that a higher level of GDP per Capita does not always affect rising the employment rate and lowering the Generation's Y unemployment rate. The methods of ordering made it possible to indicate the countries that in the period from 2005 to 2017 obtained the best characteristics of the labour market. The twostep cluster for Generation Y indicated that it is not important to divide this age cohort into older and younger group because their assessments of quality and working conditions didn’t differ. The analysis carried out over three years showed how the attitudes of the inhabitants of the selected countries towards the balance between private life and work, working conditions and the possibilities of influencing organizational issues at work have changed.
The obtained results cannot be compared, in direct way, with the findings of other researches. There are no studies in which analogous methods would be used for a similar population, time range and age cohort.
LA PNEUMATOLOGIE DE VATICAN II
Authors: Routhier Gilles
Published: September 2020

La pneumatologie du Concile Vatican II figurait parmi les Questiones disputatae entre théologiens orthodoxes, protestants et catholiques après le Concile. Cette génération ayant disparu, il est important de dresser un nouveau bilan. Pour ce faire, il ne suffit pas de compter le nombre d’occurrences du terme Saint-Esprit dans le texte conciliaire, mais il importe de voir si le recours au Saint-Esprit déter­mine la perspective théologique adoptée par le Concile et intervient à des points stratégiques de l’argumentation. Un nouvel examen de la question conduit à l’iden­tification de trois domaines où la pneumatologie conciliaire joue un rôle important en ecclésiologie : l’Esprit Saint est co-instituant de l’Église. Il est en même temps source de la diversité et de l’unité, si bien qu’on ne peut la concevoir que comme unité catholique; enfin, le fait qu’il dispense ses dons à tous les fidèles fonde la participation de tous à la vie de l’Église. De plus, non seulement l’Esprit habite dans l’Église comme en un temple, mais il remplit aussi l’univers, précédant l’action de l’Église et en dépassant les frontières. En conclusion, l’essai souligne le fait que les développements postconciliaires sur des questions cruciales, telles que la théologie des ministères, la réflexion sur le sensus fidei et la synodalité, dépendent des fondements posés par Vatican II. De plus, la théologie de la mission et la théologie des religions n’auraient pas connu de tels développements sans la réflexion conciliaire sur le rôle du Saint-Esprit dans le monde et au-delà des frontières de l’Église.
Análisis de la variabilidad horaria para la detección de daños en pavimentos flexibles usando termografía infrarroja
Authors: Pacara Copa Marina , Aquino Rocha Joaquin Humberto , Ledezma Perez Jahel Sarvia
Published: September 2020

En este trabajo se discute el rango horario para optimizar e interpretar los resultados de la termografía infrarroja cuando es utilizada en la detección de daños de pavimentos flexibles. Se realizó un seguimiento de 14 horas continuas (5:00 a.m. a 7:00 p.m.) para cuatro zonas de estudio en una avenida céntrica de la ciudad de Cochabamba, Bolivia. El seguimiento evidenció un rango horario óptimo para la toma de imágenes termográficas de 11:00 a.m. hasta las 4:00 p.m.; también se constató la visualización del deterioro mediante la colorimetría diferenciada en los termogramas a diferentes horas. Este ensayo permite localizar las áreas en las que se puede efectuar una inspección detallada. Como limitante se tiene su sensibilidad a cambios en las condiciones ambientales.
An Assessment of Randomized Controlled Trial Quality in The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery
Authors: Smith Christopher S. , Mollon Brent , Vannabouathong Christopher , Fu Joyce M. , Sales Brendan , Bhandari Mohit , Whelan Daniel B.
Published: September 2020

Background:

The quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery (JBJS) from 1988 to 2000 was previously analyzed. The purpose of this current study was to analyze the quality of reporting of RCTs published in JBJS from 2001 to 2013 to identify trends over time and potential areas of improvement for future clinical trials.

Methods:

A manual search of the JBJS database identified RCTs published between January 2001 and December 2013. Quality assessments, using the Detsky quality-of-reporting index (Detsky score), a modified Cochrane risk-of-bias tool, and abstraction of relevant data identifying predictors of quality, were conducted.

Results:

A total of 5,780 publications were identified in JBJS from 2001 to 2013, with 285 RCTs (4.9%), representing an increase from the prior 13-year period. The overall mean transformed Detsky score (and standard error) increased significantly (p < 0.001) from 68.1% ± 1.67% to 76.24% ± 0.72%. The percentage of multicenter RCTs decreased from 67% to 31%. The percentage of positive trials also decreased from 80% to 50.5%, as did the mean sample size (212 to 166). Regression analysis indicated that trials with an epidemiologist as the first author and nonsurgical trials were significantly associated (p = 0.001) with a higher overall trial quality score. The categories of the lowest mean methodology scores were randomization and concealment, eligibility criteria, and reasons for patient exclusion, as identified with the Detsky score, and patient and assessor blinding, as identified with the risk-of-bias assessment.

Conclusions:

The quantity and quality of published RCTs in JBJS have increased in the 2001 to 2013 time period compared with the previous time period. Although these improvements are encouraging, trends to smaller, single-center trials were also observed. To efficiently determine the efficacy of orthopaedic treatments and limit bias, high-quality randomized trials of appropriate sample size and rigorous design are needed.
Applying ISO:31000:2018 as Risk Management Strategy on Heavy Machinery Vehicle Division
Authors: Wicaksono Ananto Yusuf
Published: September 2020

The operation of heavy machinery vehicles and extensive project site areas are constrained in a general contractor services business, they need risk management to overcome obstacles that interfere project.. Transporting heavy machinery vehicles from one project location to another project site using low bed movers have a risk. Ideal condition for company heavy machinery vehicle with minimum transport. Despite their completion to represent low budget to manage project, it mitigation time, embarkation and debarkation is a challenge too. The aim of this research is to observe level of effectiveness in applying ISO 31000:2018 risk management standard in heavy machinery operations. We apply expert judgment in risk assessment techniques using questioner. This was distributed to respondents who had experience operating heavy machinery vehicles for at least 3 years. Heavy machinery vehicle operators must have enough experience and maintenance of heavy machinery just conduct routinely based on a manual book. From the results of risk identification,  there are 20 risks. Based on the results of the risk assessed from probability and impact variables, damaged risk to the undercarriage parts (R12)  as a top priority treatment risk. Risk management will be identified as mitigation strategies based on 5 aspects. They are avoided risk, risk control, separating risk, moving risk and accepting risk. Results of identification from treatment strategies will be assessed based on mitigation duration and mitigation costs, to find out the most optimal strategy for dealing with these risks. It can concluding assessment of risk management strategies well, if mitigation strategies separate risks. is the most optimal mitigation strategy.
Effect of CO2 Laser Irradiation on the Topographic and Optical Properties of CdO Thin Films
Authors: Rashid  et al. Sahar Naji
Published: September 2020

In this study, cadmium oxide (CdO) was deposited on glass bases by thermal chemical spraying technique at three concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.15) M and then was irradiated by CO2 laser with 10.6 μm wave length and 1W power. The results of the atomic force microscope AFM test showed that the surfaces of these CdO thin films were homogenous and that the laser irradiated effect resulted in decreasing the roughness of the surface as well as the heights of the granular peaks, indicating a greater uniformity and homogeneity of the surfaces. The optical properties were studied to determine laser effect. The results of optical tests of these thin films showed that the photoluminescence spectra and absorption shifted towards longer wavelengths with increased concentration, and the transmittance was high at high wave lengths. There was a decrease of energy gap values at (0.05, 0.15)M concentrations which were (2.1, 2.25)eV receptively, and an increase in the energy gap value at 0.1 M  concentration which was 2.55 eV, and other optical properties have been studied in this paper .In general, we observe that the values ​​of the optical constants of the concentrations (0.05, 0.15)M increase after laser irradiation and are lesser after irradiation at concentration 0.1 M.
In Silico Characterization of a Cyclin Dependent Kinase -A (CDKA) and its Coding Gene in some Oryza Species
Authors: Fouad Ahmed Sayed , AlSobeai Sanad M
Published: September 2020

Rice (Oryza sativa) is a fundamental food for the majority of world population. Cyclin Dependent Kinase -A (CDKA) accelerates transition through different stages of cell cycle and contributes in gametes formation. In the present investigation, a CDKA encoding gene along with the corresponding protein were characterized in O. sativa Indica Group, O. glaberrima,  O. barthii, O. brachyantha, O. glumipatula, O. longistaminata, O. meridionalis, O. nivara, O. punctata and O. rufipogon using in silico analyses. The results reflected little variation in most species except O. longistaminata and O. brachyantha. Compared with the remaining species, O. longistaminata lacked a negative regulatory binding site and had a modified cyclin binding site (PSTAICE instead of PSTAIRE) that may lead to future characterization of a new distinct subclass of CDKAs. O. brachyantha had a modified SUC/CKS (suppressor of CDC2/cyclin dependent-kinase regulatory subunit)-binding motif. The observed variations can be exploited through traditional breeding or molecular approaches to manipulate cell division and growth of cultivated Oryza species.
Numerical Solution of Mixed Volterra – Fredholm Integral Equation Using the Collocation Method
Authors: Al-Saif Nahdh S. M. , Ameen Ameen Sh.
Published: September 2020

Volterra – Fredholm integral equations (VFIEs) have a massive interest from researchers recently. The current study suggests a collocation method for the mixed Volterra - Fredholm integral equations (MVFIEs)."A point interpolation collocation method is considered by combining the radial and polynomial basis functions using collocation points". The main purpose of the radial and polynomial basis functions is to overcome the singularity that could associate with the collocation methods. The obtained interpolation function passes through all Scattered Point in a domain and therefore, the Delta function property is the shape of the functions. The exact solution of selective solutions was compared with the results obtained from the numerical experiments in order to investigate the accuracy and the efficiency of scheme.
Fluid-Present Partial Melting of Paleoproterozoic Okbang Amphibolite in the Yeongnam Massif, Korea
Authors: Lee Yuyoung , Cho Moonsup
Published: September 2020

The waning stage of a long-lived collisional orogeny is commonly governed by an extensional regime in association with high-temperature metamorphism, anatexis, and magmatism. Such a late-orogenic process is well-recorded in the Okbang amphibolite, Yeongnam Massif, Korea, where thin layers or irregular patches of tonalitic leucosomes are widespread particularly in association with ductile shear zones. Various microstructures including interstitial felsic phases and former melt patches indicate that leucosomes are the product of partial melting. These leucosomes are aligned en echelon and contain large (up to ~2 cm) grains of peritectic hornblende, suggesting synkinematic fluid-present anatexis. The leucosomes are enriched in Na2O and Sr contents compared to the amphibolite but depleted in rare earth and high field-strength elements. P-T conditions of the anatexis were estimated at 4.6–5.2 kbar and 650–730°C, respectively, based on hornblende-plagioclase geothermobarometry. Sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe U-Pb analyses of zircon from an amphibolite and a leucosome sample yielded weighted mean 207Pb/206Pb ages of 1866±4 Ma and 1862±2 Ma, which are interpreted as the times for magmatic crystallization and subsequent anatexis of mafic protolith, respectively. The latter is consistent with the time of partial melting determined from a migmatitic gneiss and a biotite-sillimanite gneiss at 1861±4 Ma and 1860±9 Ma, respectively. The leucosomes are transected by an undeformed pegmatitic dyke dated at 1852±3 Ma; by this time, extensional ductile shearing has ceased. Initial εHft values of zircon from the amphibolite range from 4.2 to 6.0, suggesting juvenile derivation of basaltic melt from the mantle. In contrast, lower εHft values (–0.1 to 3.5) in leucosome zircons indicate a mixing of crust-derived melt. Taken together, the Okbang amphibolite has experienced synkinematic fluid-present melting during the waning stage of Paleoproterozoic hot orogenesis prevalent in the Yeongnam Massif as well as the North China Craton.
Lithospheric Structure of Eastern Tibetan Plateau from Terrestrial and Satellite Gravity Data Modeling: Implication for Asthenospheric Underplating
Authors: Singh Harshpal , Mahatsente Rezene
Published: September 2020

The lithosphere of the eastern Tibetan plateau is underlain by a low-velocity zone at shallow depths which is interpreted as asthenospheric material in the upper-most mantle in various seismic tomography studies. The driving mechanism for the presence of asthenospheric material in the upper-most mantle is not well understood, and the spatial extent of the asthenospheric material is not well delineated. We use 2.5D gravity models to assess what drove the asthenospheric flow upwards in the past and determine the lateral extent of the asthenospheric material in the upper-most mantle. The models also allow us to determine the Indian slab configuration below the Tibetan plateau. The gravity models show that lithospheric thickness increases from ~120 km in the central and eastern parts of the plateau to ~150 km in the west, indicating that the lithosphere in the central and eastern parts of the plateau may have been delaminated. The ~30 km shallower Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary in the central and eastern Tibetan plateau may indicate that asthenospheric flow could have been induced in the past by a combination of lithospheric delamination and a slab break-off event of the Greater Indian slab. The spatial extent of the asthenospheric material in the upper-most mantle beneath the Tibetan plateau is ~15,000 km2 (N−S length=500 km and thickness=30 km) between 85°E and 88°E, which could even extend east of 92°E. The Indian slab is dipping more steeply in the east. The slab dip along the Indian plate increases from ~10° in the west to ~18° in the central (~87°E) and ~25° in the eastern part (~91°E) of the plateau, indicating that the style of lithospheric deformation changes from underthrusting to slab roll-back from west to east.
Issues to Consider Before Asserting A Software Patent
Authors: Greenbaum Michael C. , Herrman S. Gregory
Published: September 2020

Software patents have garnered a lot of attention in recent years due, at least in part, to the proliferation of software-enabled devices, such as smartphones and tablets, and the use of software to control a range of devices from automobiles to kitchen appliances. Enforcement of software
patents involves unique legal issues that should be considered before asserting a patent against an accused infringer. A primary issue to consider is whether the patent claims are still patent-eligible under recent changes in the law. Also, certain types of software patents are vulnerable
to attack in U.S. Patent Office proceedings, but these proceedings are not available unless the patent owner takes step to provoke them. In addition, software inventions are often implemented as method patents, which have unique requirements and restrictions that should be considered. For
example, steps of a method patent must all be performed by an accused infringer in the United States and must all be performed by the same entity (or under the direction or control of that entity). Where a software invention is not implemented as a method patent, pre-suit damages may not be
available unless the patentee's own products are properly marked with the patent number, and software has very different requirements for marking than more tangible products. A careful consideration of each of these issues is essential before moving forward with a lawsuit.
DEVELOPMENT OF A MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE FUNCTIONING OF ADAPTIVE ROUTING PROTOCOLS IN TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORKS WITH THE POSSIBILITY OF SELF-ORGANIZATION
Authors: Nalapko Oleksii
Published: September 2020

The necessity of developing a mathematical model for the functioning of adaptive routing protocols in telecommunication networks with the ability to self-organize has been substantiated. The results of the study of the information transmission route choice in communication networks with the possibility of self-organization under the influence of deliberate interference and cyber-attacks are presented. New analytical dependencies have been obtained that allow calculating the influence of destabilizing factors on the efficiency of determining the route in the network.

Object of research: development of a mathematical model of the functioning of adaptive routing protocols in telecommunication networks with the ability to self-organize.

Investigated problem: taking into account additional destabilizing factors when choosing the information transmission route.

Main scientific results: when forming a route in a special-purpose network with the possibility of self-organization, the following are taken into account: battery charge, information transfer rate, the presence of cyber-attacks, the presence of deliberate interference, the reliability of the route and the time of packet delivery to the addressee. It has been established that the use of all parameters in the system allows to increase both the total operating time of a special-purpose network with the ability to self-organize as a whole, and an individual node. It is shown that the presence of a DoS attack in the network is identified by increasing the delay time for information transmission between network nodes.

Review of the practical use of research results: automated systems for various purposes.

Innovative technologies product: a technology for choosing the information transfer route, which can increase the efficiency of choosing the information transfer route, taking into account additional destabilizing factors.

Review of an innovative technological product: automated control systems, network controllers when choosing a route for information transmission.
NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE EXHAUST GAS FLOW OF TV3-117 TYPE ENGINES IN COMPOSITION WITH A SCREEN - EXHAUST DEVICE
Authors: Kinaschuk Mykhailo
Published: September 2020

The object of research is a screen-exhaust device in the TV3-117 engine of the Mi-8 helicopter.

Investigated problem: The problem of equalizing the flow in the exhaust nozzle is solved. As a result of the numerical study, the total pressure losses are calculated and the flow structures in the structural elements of the exhaust nozzle and the screen-exhaust device (SED) are analyzed.

Main scientific results: Obtained Gas-dynamic parameters of the flow in the SED flow path are obtained and the verification of injection processes between the working circuits along the path in the SED design is done. Numerical modeling of gas flows in the SED flow path makes it possible to study in detail the characteristics of the flow at any of its points, as well as to determine the values of hydrodynamic losses associated with the formation of a boundary layer and the emergence of separation zones. A constructive method for leveling the gas-dynamic flow is proposed by installing a blade in the form of an aerodynamic profile in a standard engine exhaust nozzle. Two variants of engine nozzles are investigated under the same boundary conditions using a standard exhaust nozzle with and without a blade. The influence of uneven flow in the exhaust nozzle on the nature of the flow in the SED is shown. An insignificant equalization of the flow in the exhaust nozzle using the installed blade led to a decrease in the total pressure loss in the SED by more than 1 %.

The area of practical use of the research results: The results of calculations and modeling can be used for computational and experimental studies aimed at improving the flow path of the exhaust nozzle and the screen-exhaust device by the developers of new military aviation equipment or when modernizing the existing helicopter fleet.

Scope of application of the innovative technological product: a new screen-exhaust device has been proposed for left and right TV3-117 engines of all types, which can be installed on the Mi-8MSB-V, Mi-8MT, Mi-14, Mi-24 helicopters. It is competitive and has significantly higher technical and economic indicators compared to known analogues.
FORECASTING OF FORMATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL GLASS WASTE TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE COVID-19 DATABASE
Authors: Baranova Antonina , Samoilenko Nataliia , Pitak Inna
Published: September 2020

Subject of research: forecasting the formation of pharmaceutical glass waste in medical institutions, taking into account the peculiarities of the use of medicines during the COVID-19 epidemic in Ukraine.

Research problem: Predicting the formation and accumulation of pharmaceutical glass waste in hospitals in order to implement effective environmental management and determine the resource possibilities for further waste disposal.

Main scientific results: A model has been developed that can be used to predict the generation of pharmaceutical waste from glass in hospitals in the country during an epidemic, as well as in the presence of the necessary input data in a non-epidemic period. Based on regression analysis and using the Minitab-19 software, the dependences of the volume of pharmaceutical waste from glass on three variable factors were determined. Using statistical data on the incidence of COVID-19 in Ukraine, using the developed model, the PGW volume in the Volyn region for a given period of time was calculated.

The scope of practical application of the research results: planning of measures to improve the environmental safety of handling pharmaceutical glass waste; development of business models for the disposal of this waste.

An innovative technological product: the predictive model helps to identify the resource possibilities of using pharmaceutical glass waste for industrial waste disposal.

Scope of application of the innovative technological product: medical waste management, industrial disposal of pharmaceutical glass waste.
CRITERIA FOR SUCCESSFUL WEANING FROM MECHANICAL VENTILATION IN CHILDREN
Authors: Filyk Olha
Published: September 2020

The aim of the research was to establish criteria for successful weaning from mechanical ventilation in children based on analysis of Paediatric rapid shallow breathing index, maximum amplitude of diaphragm movements, diaphragm thickening fraction and pressure support (PS), which ensure minimal respiratory muscle load, level of consciousness which ensure minimal respiratory muscle load and presence of cough and swallowing reflexes and previous unsuccessful attempts of weaning.

Investigated problem: there is no consensus on the basic physiological parameters for successful extubation that have to be achieved during weaning from mechanical ventilation in children due to variability in size and degree of maturity of lungs and patients’ comorbidities. It leads to the lack of clinical justification for the routine practice of weaning in children.

The main scientific results: We have established a list of causes of unsuccessful weaning depending on the function of the diaphragm in children with different types of respiratory failure.

We have clarified and supplemented the list of reasons for unsuccessful weaning from mechanical ventilation depending on nutritional status and level of serum electrolytes in children.

We have identified and supplemented the list of reasons for unsuccessful weaning from mechanical ventilation depending on the disorders of neurological status in children.

We have supplemented the algorithm for predicting difficult weaning from mechanical ventilation in children.

The area of practical use of the research results: the obtained results have to increase the rate of successful weaning in children with acute respiratory failure in pediatric intensive care units.
PREDICTION OF THE STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF A ROAD STRUCTURE WITH SHALLOW TRANSVERSE TUBULAR DRAINAGE
Authors: Slavinska Olena , Bubela Andrii , Davydenko Oleksandr
Published: September 2020

The stress-strain state of a road structure with shallow tubular drainage, which is arranged on waterlogged sections of public highways, has been investigated. Three-dimensional models of the road structure with pipes made of various materials were built using the finite element method. Experimental studies on models were carried out for cases of normative and over-norm load on the basis of the SCAD Office software and calculation complex. The distribution of normal stresses, deformation values in the road structure and directly in the body of the tubular drain is obtained. The working conditions were determined and the expediency of using PVC pipes and concrete pipes on the road of III category was substantiated.

Subject of research: stress-strain state of a road structure with shallow transverse tubular drainage.

Investigated problem: determination of deformations in a road structure with tubular drains based on the distribution of normal stresses.

Main scientific results: distribution of isopoles and isolines of normal stresses, deformation values in road structures with shallow transverse tubular drainage. The expediency of using the type of drainage pipes on waterlogged sections of roads under conditions of excess load has been determined.

The area of practical use of the research result: design institutions and enterprises specializing in the road transport industry.

An innovative technology product: stress and strain distribution in atypical road structures with tubular holes.

Scope of application of the innovative technological product: for the design of atypical road structures with tubular holes on waterlogged road sections.
Strategies for Combating Dark Networks
Authors: Roberts Nancy , Everton Sean F.
Published: September 2020

Our goal in this paper is to explore two generic approaches to disrupting dark networks: kinetic and non-kinetic. The kinetic approach involves aggressive and offensive measures to eliminate or capture network members and their supporters, while the non-kinetic approach involves the use of subtle, non-coercive means for combating dark networks. Two strategies derive from the kinetic approach: Targeting and Capacity-building. Four strategies derive from the non-kinetic approach: Institution-Building, Psychological Operations, Information Operations and Rehabilitation. We use network data from Noordin Top’s South East Asian terror network to illustrate how both kinetic and non-kinetic strategies could be pursued depending on a commander’s intent. Using this strategic framework as a backdrop, we strongly advise the use of SNA metrics in developing alterative counter-terrorism strategies that are contextdependent rather than letting SNA metrics define and drive a particular strategy.
Social Structural Analysis of Street-Involved Youth in Winnipeg, Canada
Authors: Thompson Laura H. , Schellenberg John , Ormond Margaret , Wylie John L.
Published: September 2020

In the present study, the social linkages of street-involved youth and correlates of infection with chlamydia and gonorrhea are explored. This is the first study to assess the social linkages of street- involved youth using RDS. Eleven street-involved youth aged 14 to 24 were selected as seeds to recruit their peers into the study using RDS (N=169). Study staff administered a questionnaire, obtained a urine specimen, and provided recruitment coupons to participants. A week later, participants were provided with test results and treatment if necessary. RDS Analysis Tool was used to assess the effectiveness of RDS and define the social linkages. A Fisher’s Exact test was used to identify any correlates of infection. Gender was the only variable that correlated with infection status (22 percent of females vs. 8 percent of males). A high proportion of male participants had never been tested before. Despite the fact that most female participants had been tested before, high infection rates indicate that more accessible and frequent testing is required. Street-involved youth are connected socially to those who share similar health related behaviors. There is a need for increased testing options and opportunities for street-involved youth.
Processamento de licores tipo creme como alternativa para o aproveitamento de resíduos agroindustriais
Authors: Feitosa Bruno Fonsêca , Oliveira Emanuel Neto Alves de , Oliveira Neto Juvêncio Olegário de , Farias Antonio Mateus Tavares , Feitosa Regilane Marques
Published: September 2020

A produção de bebidas alcoólicas, como licores, pode ser uma alternativa para o aproveitamento de resíduos da agroindústria processadora de polpa de frutas. Estes resíduos em sua maioria são compostos por nutrientes e podem desempenhar funções fisiológicas importantes. Assim, objetivou-se com esta pesquisa avaliar a viabilidade de processamento de licores tipo creme com resíduos de acerola, abacaxi, manga, goiaba e graviola provenientes da agroindústria de polpa de frutas. Os licores foram elaborados com resíduos secos e triturados de abacaxi, acerola, goiaba, graviola e manga, além de xarope de sacarose e destilado alcoólico. O processamento seguiu com maceração alcoólica, filtração, adição de xarope de sacarose, tratamento térmico e acondicionamento. Em seguida, foram avaliadas a qualidade microbiológica, os parâmetros físicos e químicos, o conteúdo de antocianinas e flavonoides, colorimetria, assim como o estudo da cinética de degradação da cor e análise sensorial, quanto a aceitação sensorial, índice de aceitabilidade e intenção de compra. Os resultados obtidos foram tratados utilizando a Análise de Variância, em Delineamento Inteiramente Casualizado, comparando-se as médias pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de significância. Os licores tipo creme atenderam aos padrões de identidade e qualidade preconizados pela legislação, com condições higiênico-sanitárias adequadas para o consumo. Pela legislação vigente, os licores elaborados a partir de resíduos agroindustriais nesta pesquisa foram denominados como "tipo creme". A baixa atividade de água associada ao baixo pH, teor alcoólico e concentração de sólidos tende a limitar a multiplicação de microrganismos e favorecer a conservação desses produtos. Observou-se um maior conteúdo de antocianinas nos licores de acerola (4,86 mg/100 g) e manga (5,38 mg/100 g). O teor de flavonoides foi superior principalmente no licor de acerola, com 40,72 mg/100 g. O licor de goiaba foi o mais estável durante a cinética de degradação da cor para luminosidade. Os licores apresentaram boa aceitação sensorial, com índice de aceitabilidade acima de 70%. Portanto, o processamento de licores com resíduos agroindustriais pode ser viável como mais uma fonte de renda para os produtores de polpa de frutas.
ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA ENTRE UM SISTEMA SOLAR COM RASTREIO E UM FIXO
Authors: Lima Daniel Silva
Published: September 2020

A energia solar é uma fonte alternativa às fontes tradicionais que vem ganhando espaço ano após ano. A partir da conversão da radiação solar incidente em um módulo fotovoltaico é possível obter energia elétrica. No entanto a baixa eficiência na conversão ainda é um ponto negativo para consolidação da tecnologia solar fotovoltaica. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo construir um sistema fotovoltaico com seguimento solar em um eixo e compará-lo a um sistema estático. Foram utilizados sensores, resistores, dispositivos elétricos, equação para descrever a trajetória do sol no caso do sistema com seguidor solar e um Arduino® Mega para armazenamento, sensoriamento, controle e leitura dos dados das cinco horas da manhã as seis horas da noite. Os resultados do sistema com rastreio se sobressaíram em relação ao sistema estático, onde foi constatado um ganho de até 23% na geração de energia. Diante disso, foi possível observar que o sistema com rastreio solar é uma opção a ser considerada em sistemas fotovoltaicos.
Editorial Vol 4
Authors: Gonçalves Tiago Estevam
Published: September 2020

Editorial
An invitation to the principal series
Authors: Anous Tarek , Skulte Jim
Published: September 2020

Scalar unitary representations of the isometry group of
dd-dimensional
de Sitter space SO(1,d)SO(1,d)
are labeled by their conformal weights \DeltaΔ.
A salient feature of de Sitter space is that scalar fields with
sufficiently large mass compared to the de Sitter scale
1/\ell1/ℓ
have complex conformal weights, and physical modes of
these fields fall into the unitary continuous principal series
representation of SO(1,d)SO(1,d).
Our goal is to study these representations in
d=2d=2,
where the relevant group is SL(2,\mathbb{R})SL(2,ℝ).
We show that the generators of the isometry group of
dS_22
acting on a massive scalar field reproduce the quantum mechanical model
introduced by de Alfaro, Fubini and Furlan (DFF) in the early/late time
limit. Motivated by the ambient dS_22
construction, we review in detail how the DFF model must be altered in
order to accommodate the principal series representation. We point out a
difficulty in writing down a classical Lagrangian for this model,
whereas the canonical Hamiltonian formulation avoids any problem. We
speculate on the meaning of the various de Sitter invariant vacua from
the point of view of this toy model and discuss some potential
generalizations.
Experiences of running a hydroponic system in a pilot scale for resource-efficient water reuse
Authors: Bliedung Alexa , Dockhorn Thomas , Germer Jörn , Mayerl Claudia , Mohr Marius
Published: September 2020

Within the research project HypoWave, a hydroponic system for plant production was investigated. The hydroponic system was fed with wastewater that had undergone specially adapted treatment. The principal aim was to develop a combined system for water treatment and hydroponic plant production, where water and nutrients were reused efficiently to produce marketable food products. Another goal was to find out whether the reuse of pre-treated wastewater for plant growth in a hydroponic system could also present an additional alternative wastewater treatment step for enhanced nutrient removal. A pilot plant, consisting of various treatment steps such as activated sludge process, ozonation and biological activated carbon filtration, was used to produce lettuce with irrigation water of different qualities. The hydroponic pilot plant was operated in two different modes – flow-through and feed & deplete. This paper focuses on the influence of the various modes of operation and accordingly varying nutrient concentrations (N, P, K) on plant growth. Furthermore, heavy metal content in the various types of treated wastewater and in the produced plants was investigated. In addition, the results of the different modes of operation were verified by mass balances for N, P and K.
Application of copper tailings combined with persulfate for better removing methyl orange from wastewater
Authors: Wang Jinpeng , Zhang Ming , Zhou Runjuan , Li Jiyuan , Zhao Wei , Chen Wenyuan , Zeng Jianping
Published: September 2020

In this paper, wasted copper tailings (CT) were used to activate persulfate (PS) to degrade azo dye methyl orange (MO). The results show that a large amount of FeS2 contained in CT can slowly release Fe2+ in the aqueous solution to activate PS to generate reactive oxygen species to degrade MO. When the dosage of CT and PS was 2 g/L and 3 mM respectively, the MO degradation efficiency of 20 mg/L in the CT/PS system was 96.52% within 60 min. At the same time, it is found that CT has a certain adsorption capacity for MO, and the intra-particle diffusion model can well describe the adsorption process of MO by CT. The effects of related reaction parameters (CT dosage, PS dosage, initial MO concentration and solution pH) on MO degradation in CT/PS system were investigated. Compared with the direct addition of an equal amount of Fe2+ as in the CT/PS system, for homogeneous activated PS to degrade MO (Fe2+/PS), the results showed that the degradation efficiency of Fe2+/PS system for MO was lower than that of CT/PS system due to excessive Fe2+ consumption of . By comparing the Fe2+ and Fe3+ concentrations in the two systems, it was found that the CT/PS system could maintain a low Fe2+ concentration during the reaction process, and the Fe2+ released by CT could be used by PS to degrade MO more efficiently. The free radical scavenging experiments showed that the reactive oxygen species in the CT/PS system was mainly . This study not only proposed a new CT utilization approach, but also solved the problem of reduced degradation efficiency of organic pollutants caused by excessive Fe2+ in the Fenton-like reaction.
Regulation of the Pre-Launch State by Means of Influencing the Sensory System
Authors: Travkin Sergei Alekseevich
Published: September 2020

This article deals with the problem of psychological preparation of runners. The author provides new methods of psychological training.
Increasing the Level of Reader Interest Among High School Students by Means of New Technologies
Authors: Puchnina Iuliia Nikolaevna
Published: September 2020

In this article, the problem of declining reader interest among high school students is considered. A way of solving this problem is proposed: increasing high school students' interest in reading by using modern technologies. The research methods used in this paper include theoretical (analysis of scientific, non-fiction and fiction literature, followed by analysis and synthesis of obtained data), as well as empirical (a survey in order to determine the reading activity of students, comparison and analysis of obtained data, systematization and statistical processing of research materials) methods. The author has examined several modern information and communication resources, of which those most suitable for the purpose of this study have been selected: an online survey, a poster, a book trailer and an Internet forum. The results of this study demonstrated a positive dynamic in 10th grade students' reader interest, thus confirming the hypothesis.
Online Classes for Children With Special Educational Needs. Creative Workshop “Skazka”
Authors: Leonova Zoia Nikolaevna , Khodosovskaia Iuliia Sergeevna
Published: September 2020

The article highlights the problem of distance learning for children with special educational needs during the period of self-isolation. The article presents the online project Creative Workshop “Skazka”, developed and implemented in children's groups in the period of coronavirus pandemic.
Analysis of Registration of Individual Entrepreneurs
Authors: Chang Hong
Published: September 2020

This article discusses the materials and requirements required to register individual entrepreneurs in China and Russia. Based on a study of registered individual entrepreneurs, the requirements for registering individual entrepreneurs in China and Russia are compared, and the similarities and differences in registered individual entrepreneurs between China and Russia are analyzed.
Art as a Cultural Text
Authors: Novikova Marina Mikhailovna
Published: September 2020

The article examines the relationship between cultural and artistic cycles, defines the significance of art in the spiritual formation of civilization, and gives a cultural assessment of stylistic models of artistic creativity.