bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systematic assessment of prescribed medications and short-term risk of myocardial infarction – a pharmacopeia-wide association study from Norway and Sweden
Authors: Sen Abhijit , Vardaxis Ioannis , Lindqvist Bo Henry , Brumpton Ben Michael , Strand Linn Beate , Bakken Inger Johanne , Vatten Lars Johan , Romundstad Pål Richard , Ljung Rickard , Mukamal Kenneth Jay , Janszky Imre
Published: June 2019

Wholesale, unbiased assessment of Scandinavian electronic health-care databases offer a unique opportunity to reveal potentially important undiscovered drug side effects. We examined the short-term risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) associated with drugs prescribed in Norway or Sweden. We identified 24,584 and 97,068 AMI patients via the patient- and the cause-of-death registers and linked to prescription databases in Norway (2004–2014) and Sweden (2005–2014), respectively. A case-crossover design was used to compare the drugs dispensed 1–7 days before the date of AMI diagnosis with 15–21 days’ time -window for all the drug individually while controlling the receipt of other drugs. A BOLASSO approach was used to select drugs that acutely either increase or decrease the apparent risk of AMI. We found 48 drugs to be associated with AMI in both countries. Some antithrombotics, antibiotics, opioid analgesics, adrenergics, proton-pump inhibitors, nitroglycerin, diazepam, metoclopramide, acetylcysteine were associated with higher risk for AMI; whereas angiotensin-II-antagonists, calcium-channel blockers, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitors, allopurinol, mometasone, metformin, simvastatin, levothyroxine were inversely associated. The results were generally robust in different sensitivity analyses. This study confirms previous findings for certain drugs. Based on the known effects or indications, some other associations could be anticipated. However, inverse associations of hydroxocobalamin, levothyroxine and mometasone were unexpected and needs further investigation. This pharmacopeia-wide association study demonstrates the feasibility of a systematic, unbiased approach to pharmacological triggers of AMI and other diseases with acute, identifiable onsets.
Asynchronous non-invasive high-speed BCI speller with robust non-control state detection
Authors: Nagel Sebastian , Spüler Martin
Published: June 2019

Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) enable users to control a computer by using pure brain activity. Recent BCIs based on visual evoked potentials (VEPs) have shown to be suitable for high-speed communication. However, all recent high-speed BCIs are synchronous, which means that the system works with fixed time slots so that the user is not able to select a command at his own convenience, which poses a problem in real-world applications. In this paper, we present the first asynchronous high-speed BCI with robust distinction between intentional control (IC) and non-control (NC), with a nearly perfect NC state detection of only 0.075 erroneous classifications per minute. The resulting asynchronous speller achieved an average information transfer rate (ITR) of 122.7 bit/min using a 32 target matrix-keyboard. Since the method is based on random stimulation patterns it allows to use an arbitrary number of targets for any application purpose, which was shown by using an 55 target German QWERTZ-keyboard layout which allowed the participants to write an average of 16.1 (up to 30.7) correct case-sensitive letters per minute. As the presented system is the first asynchronous high-speed BCI speller with a robust non-control state detection, it is an important step for moving BCI applications out of the lab and into real-life.
Remote Tracking of Phase Changes in Cr2AlC Thin Films by In-situ Resistivity Measurements
Authors: Stelzer Bastian , Chen Xiang , Bliem Pascal , Hans Marcus , Völker Bernhard , Sahu Rajib , Scheu Christina , Primetzhofer Daniel , Schneider Jochen M.
Published: June 2019

Resistivity changes of magnetron sputtered, amorphous Cr2AlC thin films were measured during heating in vacuum. Based on correlative X-ray diffraction, in-situ and ex-situ selected area electron diffraction measurements and differential scanning calorimetry data from literature it is evident that the resistivity changes at 552 ± 4 and 585 ± 13 °C indicate the phase transitions from amorphous to a hexagonal disordered solid solution structure and from the latter to MAX phase, respectively. We have shown that phase changes in Cr2AlC thin films can be revealed by in-situ measurements of thermally induced resistivity changes.
Mesoscale modelling of miscible and immiscible multicomponent fluids
Authors: Zhao Z. C. , Moat R. J. , Qin R. S.
Published: June 2019

A mesoscopic simulation method based on the integration of dissipative particle dynamics (DPD), smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and computational thermodynamics (CT) has been developed. The kinetic behaviours of miscible and immiscible fluids were investigated. The interaction force between multicomponent mesoscopic particles is derived from the system free energy. The diffusivity of the components in non-ideal solution is determined by the chemical potential. The proposed method provides convincing predictions to the effects of convection, diffusion and microscopic interaction on the non-equilibrium evolution of engineering fluids, and demonstrates a potential to simulate more complicated phenomena in materials processing.
Probing the 3D molecular and mineralogical heterogeneity in oil reservoir rocks at the pore scale
Authors: Oliveira Guilherme José Ramos , de Oliveira Paula Campos , Surmas Rodrigo , Ferreira Leandro de Paulo , Markötter Henning , Kardjilov Nikolay , Manke Ingo , Montoro Luciano Andrey , Isaac Augusta
Published: June 2019

Innovative solutions have been designed to meet the global demand for energy and environmental sustainability, such as enhanced hydrocarbon recovery and geo-sequestration of CO2. These processes involve the movement of immiscible fluids through permeable rocks, which is affected by the interfacial properties of rocks at the pore scale. Overcoming major challenges in these processes relies on a deeper understanding about the fundamental factors that control the rock wettability. In particular, the efficiency of oil recovery strategies depends largely on the 3D wetting pattern of reservoir rocks, which is in turn affected by the adsorption and deposition of ‘contaminant’ molecules on the pores’ surface. Here, we combined high-resolution neutron tomography (NT) and synchrotron X-ray tomography (XRT) to probe the previously unobserved 3D distribution of molecular and mineralogical heterogeneity of oil reservoir rocks at the pore scale. Retrieving the distribution of neutron attenuation coefficients by Monte Carlo simulations, 3D molecular chemical mappings with micrometer dimensions could be provided. This approach allows us to identify co-localization of mineral phases with chemically distinct hydrogen-containing molecules, providing a solid foundation for the understanding of the interfacial phenomena involved in multiphase fluid flow in permeable media.
RDI Calculator: An Analysis Tool to Assess RNA Distributions in Cells
Authors: Stueland Michael , Wang Tianhong , Park Hye Yoon , Mili Stavroula
Published: June 2019

Localization of RNAs to various subcellular destinations has emerged as a widely used mechanism that regulates a large proportion of transcripts in polarized cells. A number of methodologies have been developed that allow detection and imaging of RNAs at single-molecule resolution. However, methodologies to quantitatively describe RNA distributions are limited. Such approaches usually rely on the identification of cytoplasmic and nuclear boundaries which are used as reference points. Here, we describe an automated, interactive image analysis program that facilitates the accurate generation of cellular outlines from single cells and the subsequent calculation of metrics that quantify how a population of RNA molecules is distributed in the cell cytoplasm. We apply this analysis to mRNAs in mouse and human cells to demonstrate how these metrics can highlight differences in the distribution patterns of distinct RNA species. We further discuss considerations for the practical use of this tool. This program provides a way to facilitate and expedite the analysis of subcellular RNA localization for mechanistic and functional studies.
Sensitive detection of low-abundance in-frame deletions in EGFR exon 19 using novel wild-type blockers in real-time PCR
Authors: Ren Xiao-Dong , Liu Ding-Yuan , Guo Hai-Qin , Wang Liu , Zhao Na , Su Ning , Wei Kun , Ren Sai , Qu Xue-Mei , Dai Xiao-Tian , Huang Qing
Published: June 2019

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are associated with response of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the existing methods for detection of samples having rare mutations(i.e. ~0.01%) have limits in terms of specificity, time consumption or cost. In the current study, novel wild-type blocking (WTB) oligonucleotides modified with phosphorothioate or inverted dT at the 5′-termini were designed to precisely detect 11 common deletion mutations in exon 19 of EGFR gene (E19del) using a WTB-PCR assay. And internal competitive leptin amplifications were further applied to enhance the specificity of the WTB-PCR system. Our results showed that WTB-PCR could completely block amplification of wild-type EGFR when 200 ng of DNA was used as template. Furthermore, the current WTB-PCR assay facilitated the detection of E19del mutations with a selectivity of 0.01% and sensitivity as low as a single copy. And, the results showed that the current WTB-PCR system exceeded detection limits afforded by the ARMS-PCR assay. In conclusion, the current WTB-PCR strategy represents a simple and cost-effective method to precisely detect various low-abundance deletion mutations.
Molecular epidemiology, pathogenicity, and structural analysis of haemoglobin variants in the Yunnan province population of Southwestern China
Authors: Zhang Jie , Li Peng , Yang Yang , Yan Yuanlong , Zeng Xiaohong , Li Dongmei , Chen Hong , Su Jie , Zhu Baosheng
Published: June 2019

Abnormal haemoglobin (Hb) variants result in the most commonly inherited disorders in humans worldwide. In this study, we investigated the molecular epidemiology characteristics of Hb variants, along with associated structural and functional predictions in the Yunnan province population of Southwestern China. A total of 41,933 subjects who sought haemoglobinopathy screening were included. Based on bioinformatics and structural analysis, as well as protein modeling, the pathogenesis and type of Hb genetic mutations were characterized. Among all individuals studied, 328 cases (0.78%) were confirmed as carriers of Hb variants, with 13 cases (0.03%) presenting α-globin variants, 313 (0.75%) β-globin variants, and two δ-globin variants. A total of 19 different mutations were identified, including three novel mutations. In addition, 48 cases of ααCS mutations and 14 cases of Hb H or Hb Bart’s were found. The isoelectric point, evolutionary conservation, and genotype-phenotype correlation for these mutations were predicted. Additionally, secondary and tertiary protein structure modeling were performed for three selected mutations. In conclusion, the prevalence of Hb variants in the Yunnan population is much higher than other regions of China. Complete characterization of these Hb variants is essential for generating a rational strategy to control the haemoglobinopathies in this region.
Qualitative discrimination of yeast fermentation stages based on an olfactory visualization sensor system integrated with a pattern recognition algorithm
Authors: Xu Weidong , Jiang Hui , Liu Tong , He Yinchao , Chen Quansheng
Published: June 2019

An olfactory visualization sensor system was developed to verify the feasibility of the in situ monitoring of yeast fermentation stages with a pattern recognition algorithm.
Superhydrophobicity: advanced biological and biomedical applications
Authors: Khanmohammadi Chenab Karim , Sohrabi Beheshteh , Rahmanzadeh Atyeh
Published: June 2019

The biological and biomedical applications of superhydrophobic surface.
Chemically exfoliated boron nitride nanosheets form robust interfacial layers for stable solid-state Li metal batteries
Authors: Shen Bao , Zhang Tian-Wen , Yin Yi-Chen , Zhu Zheng-Xin , Lu Lei-Lei , Ma Cheng , Zhou Fei , Yao Hong-Bin
Published: June 2019

A BNNSs coating can form a robust protective layer on a PEO-based electrolyte to suppress the growth of Li dendrites and improve the performance of solid-state Li metal batteries.
Unveiling the structural evolution of 1T SnS2 anode upon lithiation/delithiation by TEM
Authors: Xie Ruicong , Cui Ying , Zhou Tong , Ren Junqiang , Zhuo Longchao , Luo Jun , Li Chao , Liu Xizheng
Published: June 2019

Pure 1T SnS2 was synthesized by the hydrothermal method and its atomic image was obtained. The Li-storage performance and its structure evolution were revealed by ex situ TEM.
Designing a new family of oxonium-cation based structurally diverse organic–inorganic hybrid iodoantimonate crystals
Authors: Parmar Swati , Pal Shiv , Biswas Abhijit , Gosavi Suresh , Chakraborty Sudip , Reddy Mallu Chenna , Ogale Satishchandra
Published: June 2019

We report proton-bound oxonium cation based iodoantimonate hybrid organic–inorganic crystals with diverse structure–property relationships.
Quinone-amine polymers as metal-free and reductant-free catalysts for hydroxylation of benzene to phenol with molecular oxygen
Authors: Wang Weitao , Tang Hao , Jiang Xulu , Huang Fu-E , Ma Yangmin
Published: June 2019

Quinone-amine polymers can be employed as a metal-free and reductant-free catalyst for the hydroxylation of benzene to phenol and can yield phenol as high as the transition metal catalyst.
Tracking the origin of photostability in purine nucleobases: the photophysics of 2-oxopurine
Authors: Martínez-Fernández Lara , Arslancan Serra , Ivashchenko Dmytro , Crespo-Hernández Carlos E. , Corral Inés
Published: June 2019

Molding purine PES through functionalization: whilst purine C2-substitution maintains the features of the spectroscopic PES of the heterocycle, C6-functionalization reshapes its topography leading to photostable systems.
Electronic structure and localized states in amorphous Si and hydrogenated amorphous Si
Authors: Vatan Meidanshahi Reza , Bowden Stuart , Goodnick Stephen M.
Published: June 2019

Calculated DOS of a-Si:H close to the band gap for different H concentrations in the case of (a) thermodynamic and (b) kinetic H addition.
Ultrafast flavin/tryptophan radical pair kinetics in a magnetically sensitive artificial protein
Authors: Bialas Chris , Barnard David T. , Auman Dirk B. , McBride Rylee A. , Jarocha Lauren E. , Hore P. J. , Dutton P. Leslie , Stanley Robert J. , Moser Christopher C.
Published: June 2019

Flavin/tryptophan radical pairs in artificial proteins demonstrate that singlet- and triplet-born pairs can be exploited as biological magnetic sensors.
Temperature and isotope effects in the reaction of CH3CHOO with methanol
Authors: Chao Wen , Lin Yen-Hsiu , Yin Cangtao , Lin Wei-Hong , Takahashi Kaito , Lin Jim Jr-Min
Published: June 2019

syn-CH3CHOO reacts quickly with 2CH3OH molecules; this reaction shows a strong negative temperature dependence.
Versatile coordinating abilities of acyclic N4 and N2P2 ligand frameworks in conjunction with Sn[N(SiMe3)2]2
Authors: Raut Ravindra K. , Sahoo Padmini , Chimnapure Dipti , Majumdar Moumita
Published: June 2019

The conjoint effort of the –CH2–CH2– linker backbone and coordinating sites in the tetradentate ligand stabilizes a variety of stannylenes.
Mono- and ditopic hydroxamate ligands towards discrete and extended network architectures
Authors: Fugu Mohammed B. , Ellaby Rebecca J. , O'Connor Helen M. , Pitak Mateusz B. , Klooster Wim , Horton Peter N. , Coles Simon J. , Al-mashhadani Mohammed H. , Perepichka Igor F. , Brechin Euan K. , Jones Leigh F.
Published: June 2019

A family of mono- and ditopic hydroxamic acids has been employed in the synthesis of discrete (0D) and (1- and 2-D) extended network coordination complexes.
Heterometallic 3d–4d coordination polymers assembled from trans-[RuIII(L)(CN)2]− tectons and 3d cations
Authors: Marinescu Gabriela , Madalan Augustin M. , Maxim Catalin , Shova Sergiu , Clérac Rodolphe , Andruh Marius
Published: June 2019

Two families of magnetic heterometallic coordination polymers (1D and 2D) have been assembled using heteroleptic dicyanido-RuIII building blocks.
Response of sulfate-reducing bacteria and supporting microbial community to persulfate exposure in a continuous flow system
Authors: Bartlett Christopher K. , Slawson Robin M. , Thomson Neil R.
Published: June 2019

Recovery of BTEX biodegradation, sulfate-reducing bacteria and associated community profile following exposure to persulfate in a continuous flow system.
Enhancement and mechanism of nano-BaTiO3 piezocatalytic degradation of tricyclazole by co-loading Pt and RuO2
Authors: Feng Jinxi , Sun Jingxiang , Liu Xiaosheng , Zhu Jinzhu , Xiong Ya , Tian Shuanghong
Published: June 2019

It was found that dual electrocatalysts Pt and RuO2 could synergistically improve the piezo-degradation efficiency of nano t-BaTiO3 for pollutants.
Functional genomics in cancer immunotherapy: computational approaches for biomarker and drug discovery
Authors: Chin Wee Loong , Zemek Rachael M. , Lesterhuis W. Joost , Lassmann Timo
Published: June 2019

A hitchhiker's guide to biomarker discovery in immune checkpoint blockade.
Electrochemical study of fast blue BB. A green strategy for sulfination of fast blue BB
Authors: Masoudi Khoram Mahmood , Nematollahi Davood , Jamshidi Mahdi , Goljani Hamed
Published: June 2019

This research has led to the development of an environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of some new sulfone derivatives with high yields and without using any toxic reagents and solvents.
Enantioselective vinylogous Michael addition of β,γ-unsaturated butenolide to 2-iminochromenes
Authors: Gupta Vijay , Singh Ravi P.
Published: June 2019

An efficient organocatalyzed asymmetric synthesis of 2-amino-4H-(2-furanone)-3-carbonitrile via vinylogous Michael addition of non-activated β,γ-unsaturated butenolide to 2-iminochromenes has been realized.
Visible light-induced transformation of aldehydes to esters, carboxylic anhydrides and amides
Authors: Gaspa Silvia , Raposo Inês , Pereira Leonor , Mulas Gabriele , Ricci Pier Carlo , Porcheddu Andrea , De Luca Lidia
Published: June 2019

A transition metal- and organophotocatalyst free synthesis of esters, carboxylic anhydrides and amides from aldehydes induced by visible-light has been reported.
1,4-Anhydro-4-seleno-d-talitol (SeTal): a remarkable selenium-containing therapeutic molecule
Authors: Davies Michael J. , Schiesser Carl H.
Published: June 2019

1,4-Anhydro-4-seleno-d-talitol is an exceptional selenium-containing small molecule with significant therapeutic potential; its beneficial actions firmly establish a new therapeutic paradigm in which selenium plays a central role.
Discovery, biological evaluation, structure–activity relationships and mechanism of action of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-one derivatives as a new class of anticancer agents
Authors: Guo Qingqing , Luo Yao , Zhai Shiyang , Jiang Zhenla , Zhao Chongze , Xu Jianrong , Wang Ling
Published: June 2019

We have recently reported computational models for prediction of cell-based anticancer activity using machine learning methods.
BODIPY analogues: synthesis and photophysical studies of difluoro boron complexes from 2-aminotropone scaffolds through N,O-chelation
Authors: Palai Bibhuti Bhusana , Soren Ramachandra , Sharma Nagendra K.
Published: June 2019

2-Aminotropones form fluorescent BODIPY analogues via N,O-chelation with quantum yield 0.16 and their structures are confirmed by X-ray studies.
Recent progress in selenium-catalyzed organic reactions
Authors: Shao Lixiong , Li Yiming , Lu Jianmei , Jiang Xuefeng
Published: June 2019

Selenium-based catalysts, including organo- and inorganoselenium ones, in organic synthesis in the recent decade are reviewed.
Combinedin silicoandin vitrostudy of an aptasensor based on citrate-capped AuNPs for naked-eye detection of a critical biomarker of oxidative stress
Authors: Choodet Cherdpong , Toomjeen Pakawat , Phanchai Witthawat , Matulakul Piyaporn , Thanan Raynoo , Sakonsinsiri Chadamas , Puangmali Theerapong
Published: June 2019

A visual strategy for 8-oxo-dG monitoring based upon the dispersion of citrate-capped gold nanoparticles has been developed.
Cinchona alkaloids as natural fetal hemoglobin inducing agents in human erythroleukemia cells
Authors: Iftikhar Fizza , Ali Hamad , Musharraf Syed Ghulam
Published: June 2019

Pharmacologically mediated reactivation of γ-globin gene and fetal hemoglobin (HbF) induction by cinchona alkaloids; a cost effective experimental therapeutic intervention for the efficient management of β-thalassemia.
In vivo evaluation of the subchronic systemic toxicity of akermanite bioceramic for bone regeneration following ISO standard methods
Authors: Ma Nan , Ma Bing , Zhou Yanling , Zhu Haibo , Zhou Ying , Huan Zhiguang , Wang Peiji , Chang Jiang
Published: June 2019

This study demonstrated that the extracts of akermanite bioceramic did not cause in vivo subchronic systemic toxicity and suggested that Ca2MgSi2O7 with desirable biocompatibility may be a potential candidate for orthopedic clinical applications.
Heteroatom-doped nanoporous carbon initiated from bimetallic molecular framework micro-rods for supercapacitor electrodes
Authors: Wang Qiang , Liang Hongwei , Wu Dun
Published: June 2019

Zinc and cobalt bimetallic-organic-framework (BMOF) crystalline micro-rods are able to be constructed instantly with the eco-friendly glutamate ligand and building unit of double metallic ions.
Syntheses, structures, and magnetic properties of mixed-ligand complexes based on 3,6-bis(benzimidazol-1-yl)pyridazine
Authors: Dong Jun-Liang , Zhu Peng-Yin , Du Jia-Qiang , Xie Fei , Lan Hai-Ming , Yang Ru-Xia , Yang Li-Zheng , Wang Duo-Zhi
Published: June 2019

Six new metal–organic coordination polymers were prepared by reactions of the corresponding metal salt with mixed organic ligands under solvothermal conditions. The compounds were structurally, magnetically and catalytically characterized.
Controlling upconversion luminescence patterns in space with red emission enhancement from a single fluoride microcrystal by tuning the excitation mode
Authors: Han Qingyan , Lu Zhu , Gao Wei , Zhou Wanting , Qi Jianxia , Hao Aihua , Dong Jun
Published: June 2019

The UC luminescence patterns can be controlled from the flower-like emission pattern to the red flame-like irradiation pattern with a red luminescence enhancement for a single lanthanide-doped fluoride material by varying the excitation position.
Photoelectrochemical water vapor splitting using an ionomer-coated rutile TiO2 thin layer on titanium microfiber felt as an oxygen-evolving photoanode
Authors: Amano Fumiaki , Mukohara Hyosuke , Sato Hiroki , Ohno Teruhisa
Published: June 2019

Rutile TiO2 thin layers on a titanium microfiber electrode split water vapor into hydrogen and oxygen via a proton exchange membrane.
Non-aqueous dual-carbon lithium-ion capacitors: a review
Authors: Li Guangchao , Yang Zhewei , Yin Zhoulan , Guo Huajun , Wang Zhixing , Yan Guochun , Liu Yong , Li Lingjun , Wang Jiexi
Published: June 2019

Lithium-ion capacitors have attracted tremendous attention among various electrochemical energy storage systems, benefitting from the merits of high energy density, high power output, long cycle life and favorable chemical stability.
Morphology of a thermally stable small molecule OPV blend comprising a liquid crystalline donor and fullerene acceptor
Authors: Bourque Alexander J. , Engmann Sebastian , Fuster Allison , Snyder Chad R. , Richter Lee J. , Geraghty Paul B. , Jones David J.
Published: June 2019

We combine thermodynamic modeling of molecular interactions in OPV blends with in situ measurements of morphology to link performance, structure and processing.
Enhanced stability and photovoltage for inverted perovskite solar cells via precursor engineering
Authors: Liu Changwen , Kong Weiguang , Li Wang , Chen Hong , Li Dedi , Wang Weijun , Xu Baomin , Cheng Chun , Jen Alex K. Y.
Published: June 2019

Precursor engineering toward enhanced Voc and stability of inverted perovskite solar cells with a champion power conversion efficiency of 20.7%.
All-printed solid-state supercapacitors with versatile shapes and superior flexibility for wearable energy storage
Authors: Liang Jing , Feng Yu , Liu Li , Li Shuaiqi , Jiang Changzhong , Wu Wei
Published: June 2019

A diverse design pattern-based flexible supercapacitor is fabricated via a scalable screen printing method by using CoHCF as an electrode material.
Discovery of a new intercalation-type anode for high-performance sodium ion batteries
Authors: Zhao Yajun , Sun Tao , Yin Qing , Zhang Jian , Zhang Shuoxiao , Luo Jianeng , Yan Hong , Zheng Lirong , Han Jingbin , Wei Min
Published: June 2019

A CoFe layered double hydroxide (LDH) pillared by nitrates as an anode for sodium ion batteries exhibits high capacity with excellent cycling stability. An exceptional intercalation/de-intercalation mechanism for Na+ storage has been revealed in metal hydroxides, rather than the routinely believed conversion reaction presenting in lithium ion batteries.
Surface activation of cobalt oxide nanoparticles for photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction to methane
Authors: Choi Ji Yong , Lim Chan Kyu , Park Bumjin , Kim Minjun , Jamal Aqil , Song Hyunjoon
Published: June 2019

Surface treatment of cobalt oxide nanoparticles with N-bromosuccinimide and sulfur resulted in high photocatalytic efficiency of CO2 reduction into methane.
Amorphous outperforms crystalline nanomaterials: surface modifications of molecularly derived CoP electro(pre)catalysts for efficient water-splitting
Authors: Beltrán-Suito Rodrigo , Menezes Prashanth W. , Driess Matthias
Published: June 2019

Amorphous CoP outperforms the crystalline phase in the OER, HER and overall water splitting with low overpotential and remarkable long-term stability.
Methods and strategies for achieving high-performance carbon-based perovskite solar cells without hole transport materials
Authors: Chen Haining , Yang Shihe
Published: June 2019

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have garnered great attention from the scientific community due to their high power conversion efficiency (PCE) achieved via low-cost and solution-processed fabrication techniques.
Cell migration and growth induced by photo-immobilised vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) isoforms
Authors: Ren Xueli , Akimoto Jun , Miyatake Hideyuki , Tada Seiichi , Zhu Liping , Mao Hongli , Isoshima Takashi , Müller Stefan , Kim Seong Min , Zhou Yulai , Ito Yoshihiro
Published: June 2019

VEGF isoforms immobilised by photo-reactive gelatin (AzPhe-gelatin) enhance cell migration and proliferation.
Thermoelectric properties of electronegatively filled SyCo4−xNixSb12 skutterudites
Authors: Li Jialiang , Duan Bo , Yang Houjiang , Wang Hongtao , Li Guodong , Yang Jiong , Chen Gang , Zhai Pengcheng
Published: June 2019

The rattling-mode vibrations are unambiguously observed by Raman spectroscopy experimentally, leading to κL reducing by nearly 60% for SyCo4−xNixSb12 specimens.
Optical characterization of a two-dimensional BODIPY-based polymer material and its related chromophores
Authors: Piatkowski P. , Moreno M. , Liras M. , Sánchez F. , Douhal A.
Published: June 2019

Elucidating the ultrafast photoevents happening in an excited BODIPY 2-D-material and its parent units: relevance of intramolecular-charge transfer and interunit interactions to their photoresponse.
Performance analysis of mixed RF/FSO system with CCI
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Shi Wenxiao , Liu Wei
Published: June 2019

In this study, the performance of the mixed radio‐frequency (RF)/free‐space optical (FSO) system with co‐channel interference (CCI) is investigated. The RF links are modelled as Rayleigh fading, whereas FSO links follow M‐distribution with pointing errors. Assume the amplify‐and‐forward relay is corrupted by multiple CCIs, and both fixed and variable gain relay schemes are considered. Novel expressions for the end‐to‐end outage probability (OP), symbol error rate (SER) and outage capacity in different cases are presented and analysed. Numerical results demonstrate the existence of OP and SER floors in the presence of CCIs, which implies system performance is dominant by RF links, and interference is the main factor affecting the system performance. Additionally, the fixed gain scheme provides a performance enhancement compared with the variable gain scheme in the authors’ system.
A hybrid active load and ideal synchronous condenser‐based model for STATCOM applied to power flow studies
Authors: Karami Ehsan , B. Gharehpetian Gevork , Moradi CheshmehBeigi Hassan , Rouzbehi Kumars
Published: June 2019

This study proposes a generalised STATCOM model employing active load and ideal synchronous condenser representation and its related power flow solution. The proposed method considers the effects of DC side voltage, internal switching losses, and operation mode on the power flow problem. To such aim, the proposed model tackles with a tap changing transformer accompanied by a variable conductance at the DC side in order to model the switching losses. This model can also take into account voltage regulation, reactive power control as well as amplitude modulation ratio and practical limitations. It is worth noting that the proposed model can be easily used for power flow studies by applying ordinary changes to the prevalent Newton–Raphson‐based power flow methods. The introduced model is applied to two test systems including IEEE 14‐Bus system, followed by a discussion on results.
Compact microstrip low‐pass filtering power divider with wide harmonic suppression
Authors: Sen Sarbani , Moyra Tamasi
Published: June 2019

A compact, low‐cost Wilkinson power divider (WPD) of 1.3 GHz (f0) operating frequency, with a low‐pass filtering response, is presented in this study. Power division and low‐pass filtering responses are both achieved by using two symmetrical units of interdigital line resonators (ILRs). Each square unit of ILR exhibits a low‐pass filtering response, with a minimum insertion loss of 0.3 dB. The dumbbell‐shaped, defected ground structures are introduced for widening the attenuation band by suppressing the harmonics up to 14 GHz (up to 10.76 f0) and also for miniaturising the circuit. An isolation resistor of 100 Ω is placed between two output ports of the WPD for obtaining good isolation. The operating frequency of the low‐pass filter is 2 GHz with an attenuation of −17 dB up to 20 GHz. The proposed structure is fabricated using low‐cost substrate material FR4. Both the low‐pass filter and the power divider are fabricated and measured. The electromagnetic‐simulated and measurement results are experimentally verified.
Estimating the mass of CMEs from the analysis of EUV dimmings
Authors: López F. M. , Cremades H. , Balmaceda L. A. , Nuevo F. A. , Vásquez A. M.
Published: June 2019

Context. Reliable estimates of the mass of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are required to quantify their energy and predict how they affect space weather. When a CME propagates near the observer’s line of sight, these tasks involve considerable errors, which motivated us to develop alternative means for estimating the CME mass.

Aims. We aim at further developing and testing a method that allows estimating the mass of CMEs that propagate approximately along the observer’s line of sight.

Methods. We analyzed the temporal evolution of the mass of 32 white-light CMEs propagating across heliocentric heights of 2.5–15 R⊙, in combination with that of the mass evacuated from the associated low coronal dimming regions. The mass of the white-light CMEs was determined through existing methods, while the mass evacuated by each CME in the low corona was estimated using a recently developed technique that analyzes the dimming in extreme-UV (EUV) images. The combined white-light and EUV analyses allow the quantification of an empirical function that describes the evolution of CME mass with height.

Results. The analysis of 32 events yielded reliable estimates of the masses of front-side CMEs. We quantified the success of the method by calculating the relative error with respect to the mass of CMEs determined from white-light STEREO data, where the CMEs propagate close to the plane of sky. The median for the relative error in absolute values is ≈30%; 75% of the events in our sample have an absolute relative error smaller than 51%. The sources of uncertainty include the lack of knowledge of piled-up material, subsequent additional mass supply from the dimming region, and limitations in the mass-loss estimation from EUV data. The proposed method does not rely on assumptions of CME size or distance to the observer’s plane of sky and is solely based on the determination of the mass that is evacuated in the low corona. It therefore represents a valuable tool for estimating the mass of Earth-directed events.
Transversal views on work in agriculture
Authors: Dedieu Benoît
Published: June 2019

Agriculture employs 1.3 billion people throughout the world. Changes to working conditions in agriculture are investigated by several disciplines that explore different themes. These themes are summarized here through two areas: one that focuses on the worker (employment, health and skills) and the other on work as a component of farming systems. The analytical frameworks and core research issues are described. This paper is designed to be a general introduction to the special issue ofCahiers Agricultures, entitled “Multifacet realities of work in agriculture”.
Synergetic effects of Cu-Zn bimetallic ions exchanged in NaX on acid sites of M(x)X zeolites (M = Cu2+ and/or Zn2+, x = level of exchange). An in situ FTIR study using pyridine adsorption/desorption
Authors: Hammoudi Habib , Bendenia Souhila , Batonneau-Gener Isabelle , Comparot Jean-dominique , Marouf-Khelifa Kheira , Khelifa Amine
Published: June 2019

X zeolites were prepared by ion-exchange with Cu2+ and/or Zn2+ cations, at different concentrations of the exchange solution, and characterized by thermal analysis and nitrogen adsorption. The acidity of the samples was investigated by pyridine adsorption–desorption followed by in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Desorption was carried out at 150, 250 and 350 °C. The objective is to estimate the nature and concentration of acid sites. A comparison between the binary (Cu(x)X, Zn(x)X) and ternary (CuZn(x)X) exchanges was also established (x = level of exchange) through the Cu(43)X, Zn(48)X and CuZn(50)X samples. Lewis acidity decreases overall with desorption temperature and the level of exchange. As the latter increases, there is a conversion of some Lewis sites into those of Brønsted during thermal treatment. In return, the concentration of Brønsted sites increases with the degree of exchange. The Brønsted acidity of CuZn(50)X at 350 °C is more important than the sum of those of Cu(43)X and Zn(48)X with respectively values of 73, 32 and 15 μmol g−1. Besides, the concentration of Brønsted sites for CuZn(50)X increases with desorption temperature. These features indicate the presence of a synergetic effect amplifying the strength of these sites when Cu2+ and Zn2+ cations compete for the occupancy of sites distributed in zeolite cavities.
Study of the mechanical properties of sheet metals drawn through drawbeads
Authors: Schmid Harald , Merklein Marion
Published: June 2019

The use of modern materials leads to a need for detailed knowledge of the material flow. Drawbeads are one common way to control serial forming processes. Although they are already well investigated, the effect on the resulting mechanical properties after a drawbead passage is not analysed in detail yet. This work is showing the influence of a drawbead geometry used in deep drawing on typical mechanical properties. Therefore, different sheet metal materials are preloaded in a modified strip drawing test with commonly used drawbeads. In testing, three different levels of pressure between 2.5 MPa and 7.5 MPa and of drawing speed between 10 mm/s and 50 mm/s are combined to nine variations and are examined. Afterwards, specimens are cut out by a laser cutting machine of the drawn strips. Those specimens are then tested with the use of an optical measurement system. Results are discussed in relation to blankholder pressure, drawing velocity and drawbead geometry to work out the main effects. Overall it can be stated, that variations of blank holder pressure and drawbead height lead to significant changes for the material properties. A variation of the drawing velocity in the observed range does not show significant effects.
Was ist neu in der Diagnostik und Therapie der Hämoglobinopathien?
Authors: Cario Holger , Lobitz Stephan
Published: June 2019

Therapie der Thalassämien 1. Schwere α-Thalassämie: Der intrauterine Beginn einer postnatal fortgeführten Transfusionstherapie (Alternative: postnatale allo-SZT) ermöglicht das Überleben mit Hb-Bart’s-Hydrops-fetalis-Syndrom. Einschränkend ist festzustellen, dass erhebliche Risiken sowohl für kindliche Fehlbildungen (skelettal, urogenital) als auch für maternale Komplikationen (z. B. Eklampsie) bestehen. 2. Gentherapie bei β-Thalassämie: Klinische Studien belegen den potenziellen Nutzen einer Gentherapie mit einem lentiviralen Vektor bei β-Thalassaemia major. Besonders erfolgreich ist die Therapie bisher bei mindestens einer β+-Mutation. Für den Erfolg der Gentherapie ist eine myeloablative Konditionierung erforderlich, die bisher mit Busulfan vorgenommen wird und das Nebenwirkungsprofil dominiert. 3. Medikamentöse Therapie bei β-Thalassämie: Die Medikamente Luspatercept und Sotatercept steigern die Effektivität der Erythropoese bei β-Thalassämie, mit dem Ergebnis einer wesentlichen Reduktion des Transfusionsbedarfs bei regelmäßig transfundierten Patienten sowie mit einem deutlichen Hämoglobinanstieg bei Thalassaemia intermedia. Mittelbar erfolgt damit auch eine Reduktion der Eisenüberladung.

Therapie der Sichelzellkrankheit Kurzfristig sind die Zulassungen folgender Substanzen zu erwarten:

Zudem ist davon auszugehen, dass insbesondere die SZT von einem haploidenten Spender in naher Zukunft für wesentlich mehr Patienten eine gute Therapieoption sein wird.
Radiologietechnologen im Ultraschall — ein Erfahrungsbericht aus Lausanne
Authors: Santner Tina
Published: June 2019

In der Radiologie der Uniklinik Lausanne (Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois / CHUV) ist es seit über 40 Jahren üblich, dass Radiologietechnologen unter der Aufsicht von Radiologen sonografische Untersuchungen durchführen. Wie diese Tradition praktisch umgesetzt wird, wollte ich mir in einem Praktikum im Rahmen meines Masterstudiums anschauen. Eine berufserfahrene Kollegin, die auch deutsch spricht, erklärte sich bereit, mich dort eine Woche lang zu betreuen.
Das neue Strahlenschutzrecht ab 2019
Authors: Wucherer Michael , Loose Reinhard , Hertlein Thomas
Published: June 2019

Das ab dem 1. Januar 2019 geltende neue Strahlenschutzrecht bringt eine Reihe von Änderungen, die allerdings das hohe Niveau und die grundsätzlichen Regelungen des Strahlenschutzes in Deutschland nicht grundlegend verändern. Insbesondere in der Medizin bleiben die meisten der bisher geltenden Regelungen erhalten. Neuerungen in der medizinischen Strahlenanwendung ergeben sich insbesondere für Ärzte und Medizinphysiker.
Perspektiven für junge Ärztinnen und Ärzte in der Infektiologie
Authors: Raspe Matthias , Rolling Thierry , Leisse Charlotte , Fischer Julia , Lehmann Clara
Published: June 2019

Die Infektiologie ist ein Querschnittsfach mit Verbindungen zu vielen medizinischen Disziplinen und bietet interessierten Ärztinnen und Ärzten eine Vielzahl von interessanten Betätigungsfeldern. Das Spektrum umfasst sowohl die ambulante und stationäre Patientenversorgung als auch grundlagenorientierte, klinische und epidemiologische Forschung. Der Bedarf an infektiologisch weitergebildeten Ärztinnen und Ärzten steigt, sodass die Berufsaussichten als sehr gut einzuschätzen sind. Die Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Familie in der Infektiologie ist vergleichsweise günstig. Mit diesem Artikel wollen wir bei jungen Kolleginnen und Kollegen Interesse an diesem vielseitigen und spannenden Querschnittsbereich wecken und Berufsperspektiven aufzeigen. Daten aus einer Mitgliederbefragung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Infektiologie e. V. geben Einblicke, in welchen Bereichen und mit welchen Tätigkeitsschwerpunkten Infektiologen heute überwiegend tätig sind.
Hip and Pelvis Bone Tumors: Can You Make It Simple?
Authors: Afonso P. Diana , Weber Marc-André , Isaac Amanda , Bloem Johan L.
Published: June 2019

Although it is possible for any osseous tumor or tumorlike lesion to occur in and around the hip and pelvis, there are preferential lesions. Most tumors share many imaging features with those arising elsewhere in the skeletal system, but some may show specific morphological and imaging features. Furthermore, specific criteria and rules of thumb are related to this anatomical area that radiologists should know, which together with the imaging findings and clinical context will lead to a more confident diagnosis.

In this article we review the basic anatomical and imaging principles in the hip and pelvis and their diagnostic criteria, describe the most common regional benign and malignant bone tumors and pseudotumors, and highlight their main imaging features and common differential diagnosis while keep this article as relatively simple and straightforward as possible. Soft tissue tumors are beyond the scope of this article.
Collisional excitation of NH(3Σ−) by Ar: A new ab initio 3D potential energy surface and scattering calculations
Authors: Prudenzano D. , Lique F. , Ramachandran R. , Bizzocchi L. , Caselli P.
Published: June 2019

Collisional excitation of light hydrides is important to fully understand the complex chemical and physical processes of atmospheric and astrophysical environments. Here, we focus on the NH(X3Σ−)-Ar van der Waals system. First, we have calculated a new three-dimensional Potential Energy Surface (PES), which explicitly includes the NH bond vibration. We have carried out the ab initio calculations of the PES employing the open-shell single- and double-excitation couple cluster method with noniterative perturbational treatment of the triple excitations. To achieve a better accuracy, we have first obtained the energies using the augmented correlation-consistent aug-cc-pVXZ (X = T, Q, 5) basis sets and then we have extrapolated the final values to the complete basis set limit. We have also studied the collisional excitation of NH(X3Σ−)-Ar at the close-coupling level, employing our new PES. We calculated collisional excitation cross sections of the fine-structure levels of NH by Ar for energies up to 3000 cm−1. After thermal average of the cross sections, we have then obtained the rate coefficients for temperatures up to 350 K. The propensity rules between the fine-structure levels are in good agreement with those of similar collisional systems, even though they are not as strong and pronounced as for lighter systems, such as NH–He. The final theoretical values are also compared with the few available experimental data.
Highly accurate experimentally determined energy levels of H3+
Authors: Markus Charles R. , McCall Benjamin J.
Published: June 2019

A sub-Doppler rovibrational spectroscopic survey of H3+ has been conducted which included 36 transitions in the ν2 ← 0 fundamental band, 15 transitions in the 2ν22←ν2 hot band, and 7 transitions in the 2ν22←0 overtone band, improving the uncertainties of most transitions by more than an order of magnitude to ∼4 MHz. Combination differences were used to determine relative energy levels and forbidden rotational transitions up to J = 6. A fit of the ground state to an effective Hamiltonian was used to connect ortho and para states, and to determine the absolute energy levels relative to the forbidden (0, 0) state. Ultimately, 62 rovibrational energy levels in the ground, ν2, and 2ν22 states were determined with ∼10 MHz uncertainty. Comparing the experimentally determined energy levels with ab initio calculations revealed an unexpected dependence of the residuals on the quantum number G.
Ancient
Yersinia pestis
genomes from across Western Europe reveal early diversification during the First Pandemic (541–750)
Authors: Keller Marcel , Spyrou Maria A. , Scheib Christiana L. , Neumann Gunnar U. , Kröpelin Andreas , Haas-Gebhard Brigitte , Päffgen Bernd , Haberstroh Jochen , Ribera i Lacomba Albert , Raynaud Claude , Cessford Craig , Durand Raphaël , Stadler Peter , Nägele Kathrin , Bates Jessica S. , Trautmann Bernd , Inskip Sarah A. , Peters Joris , Robb John E. , Kivisild Toomas , Castex Dominique , McCormick Michael , Bos Kirsten I. , Harbeck Michaela , Herbig Alexander , Krause Johannes
Published: June 2019

The first historically documented pandemic caused by
Yersinia pestis
began as the Justinianic Plague in 541 within the Roman Empire and continued as the so-called First Pandemic until 750. Although paleogenomic studies have previously identified the causative agent as
Y. pestis
, little is known about the bacterium’s spread, diversity, and genetic history over the course of the pandemic. To elucidate the microevolution of the bacterium during this time period, we screened human remains from 21 sites in Austria, Britain, Germany, France, and Spain for
Y. pestis
DNA and reconstructed eight genomes. We present a methodological approach assessing single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ancient bacterial genomes, facilitating qualitative analyses of low coverage genomes from a metagenomic background. Phylogenetic analysis on the eight reconstructed genomes reveals the existence of previously undocumented
Y. pestis
diversity during the sixth to eighth centuries, and provides evidence for the presence of multiple distinct
Y. pestis
strains in Europe. We offer genetic evidence for the presence of the Justinianic Plague in the British Isles, previously only hypothesized from ambiguous documentary accounts, as well as the parallel occurrence of multiple derived strains in central and southern France, Spain, and southern Germany. Four of the reported strains form a polytomy similar to others seen across the
Y. pestis
phylogeny, associated with the Second and Third Pandemics. We identified a deletion of a 45-kb genomic region in the most recent First Pandemic strains affecting two virulence factors, intriguingly overlapping with a deletion found in 17th- to 18th-century genomes of the Second Pandemic.