bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of alkynyl-substituted camphor derivatives and their use in the preparation of paclitaxel-related compounds
Authors: Carvalho M Fernanda N N , Herrmann Rudolf , Wagner Gabriele
Published: June 2017

Compounds containing two alkyne groups in close vicinity at the rigid skeleton of camphorsulfonamide show unique reactivities when treated with electrophiles or catalytic amounts of platinum(II). The formed product structures depend not only on the reagents used but also on the substituents attached to the triple bonds. Cycloisomerisations with perfect atom economy lead to polycyclic heterocycles that resemble to some extent the AB ring system of paclitaxel. Herein, we present practical synthetic methods for the selective synthesis of precursor dialkynes bearing different substituents (alkyl, aryl) at the triple bonds, based on ketals or an imine as protecting groups. We show for isomeric dialkynes that the reaction cascade induced by Pt(II) includes ring annulation, sulphur reduction, and ring enlargement. One isomeric dialkyne additionally allows for the isolation of a pentacyclic compound lacking the ring enlargement step, which we have proposed as a potential intermediate in the catalytic cycle.
USING SMART PHONES FOR DEFORMATIONS MEASUREMENTS OF STRUCTURES
Authors: EL-ASHMAWY Khalid L. A.
Published: June 2017

The present work tests the suitability of using the digital cameras of smart phones for close range photogrammetry applications. For this purpose two cameras of smart phones Lumia 535 and Lumia 950 XL were used. The resolutions of the two cameras are 5 and 20 Mpixels respectively. The tests consist of (a) self calibration of the two cameras, (b) the implementation of close-range photogrammetry using the cameras of the two smart phones, theodolite intersection with LST method, and linear variable displacement transducers (LVDTs) for the measurement of vertical deflections, and (c) accuracy of photogrammetric determination of object space coordinates. The results of using Lumia 950 XL are much better than using Lumia 535 and are better or comparable to the results of theodolite intersection with least squares technique (LST). Finally, it can be stated that the digital cameras of smart phones are suitable for close range photogrammetry applications according to accuracy, costs and flexibility.
Critical Height of the Torus Instability in Two-ribbon Solar Flares
Authors: Wang Dong , Liu Rui , Wang Yuming , Liu Kai , Chen Jun , Liu Jiajia , Zhou Zhenjun , Zhang Min
Published: June 2017

We studied the background field for 60 two-ribbon flares of M-and-above classes during 2011–2015. These flares are categorized into two groups, i.e., eruptive and confined flares, based on whether a flare is associated with a coronal mass ejection or not. The background field of source active regions is approximated by a potential field extrapolated from the B

z
component of vector magnetograms provided by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager. We calculated the decay index n of the background field above the flaring polarity inversion line, and defined a critical height h
crit corresponding to the theoretical threshold (n
crit = 1.5) of the torus instability. We found that h
crit is approximately half of the distance between the centroids of opposite polarities in active regions and that the distribution of h
crit is bimodal: it is significantly higher for confined flares than for eruptive ones. The decay index increases monotonously with increasing height for 86% (84%) of the eruptive (confined) flares but displays a saddle-like profile for the rest, 14% (16%), which are found exclusively in active regions of multipolar field configuration. Moreover, n at the saddle bottom is significantly smaller in confined flares than that in eruptive ones. These results highlight the critical role of background field in regulating the eruptive behavior of two-ribbon flares.
Avaliação do efeito da cintilação ionosférica e de diferentes intervalos de tempo de coleta de dados no posicionamento por ponto preciso na sua forma on-line
Authors: Mendes da Rocha Rodrigo Santos , Jerez Gabriel Oliveira , Brassarote Gabriela De Oliveira Nascimento , Monico João Francisco Galera
Published: June 2017

O PPP é um método de posicionamento por GNSS que utiliza efemérides precisas, correções dos relógios dos satélites e possíveis modelagens de erros. As possibilidades de aplicações do PPP têm aumentado nos últimos anos, especialmente devido aos serviços on-line, destacando-se entre estes IBGE-PPP, GAPS, APPS e RT_PPP. Esses serviços têm sido utilizados em várias pesquisas e aplicações, porém são poucos os experimentos que consideram ocorrência de cintilação ionosférica. Portanto, no estudo realizado foram selecionados dados de duas estações da RBMC em regiões de alta e baixa atividade ionosférica. Utilizou-se dados de duas épocas do ano, com fraca e forte influência da cintilação ionosfera, buscando-se avaliar o desempenho dos serviços de PPP ­on-line em diferentes intervalos de tempo de coleta de dados GNSS e sob a influência da cintilação ionosférica no posicionamento PPP utilizando o software RT_PPP. Com os dados disponíveis o IBGE-PPP obteve melhores resultados que os demais softwares e o aumento de tempo de coleta de dados melhorou a acurácia do posicionamento. A estação na região sob menor cintilação ionosférica no período de maior atividade ionosférica alcançou resultados mais acurados, entretanto, não se pôde concluir que o motivo foi a cintilação ionosférica.
Morphological variation in Opuntia jaliscana (Cactaceae)
Authors: López-Borja Edgar Noel , Romo-Campos Rosa de Lourdes , Arreola-Nava Hilda Julieta , Muñoz Urias Alejandro , Loza-Cornejo Sofía
Published: June 2017

The aim of this study was to describe morphological variations of Opuntia jaliscana in 5 wild populations in the state of Jalisco (Mexico). Populations were selected along an environmental aridity gradient, and 61 vegetative and reproductive characters from 25 individuals were measured per population. Quantitative characters were analyzed independently by a one-way ANOVA test using the site as variation factor. Subsequently, a discriminant analysis was performed. The discriminant analysis results showed that the 46% of the total variation was explained by the first four discriminant functions. The analysis of overall membership between populations indicated that individuals were correctly classified in 87% of cases. Pearson linear correlation between the most significant variables and the aridity index, showed a positive relationship to cladode thickness and diameter of the trunk. The population from Tierra Blanca shows an outlier behavior because of variation in cladode thickness and fruit size, which might be related to plasticity of individuals to have a greater availability of water, while in Los Vallejo the separation might be due to selection by management and use. The remaining populations exhibited some morphological variability without separation.
Hotel Hilton, en Estambul
Authors: Skidmore – Owings – Merrill Arquitectos , Eldem Sedad H.
Published: June 2017

Una de las mayores atracciones de este hotel la constituye el magnífico panorama que se divisa desde la cúspide de la colina, sobre la cual se halla construido. A sus pies descansa la exótica ciudad y el Bósforo, que, tranquilo y sosegado, reproduce fielmente la silueta de la airosa mezquita y de los altos minaretes.
Compreendendo a vivência dos idosos com dor crônica: a luz da teoria de Callista Roy/Understanding the experience of older people with chronic pain: the light of Callista Roy's theory
Authors: Oliveira Camila Helen , Martins Eleine Aparecida Penha , Montezeli Juliana Helena , Souza Taline Garcia , Dellaroza Mara Solange Gomes
Published: June 2017

O objetivo do estudo foi compreender a vivência de idosos com dor crônica. Estudo qualitativo, realizado com dez idosos com dor crônica. A coleta de dados foi realizada em agosto de 2013, por meio de entrevistas domiciliares, utilizando instrumento semiestruturado Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, utilizando como referencial teórico o Modelo de Adaptação de Sister Callista Roy. Os Resultados estão organizados em quatro categorias: Dor crônica: origem, localização, cronicidade e suas consequências; Sentimentos frente à vivência da dor crônica; Estímulos contextuais vivenciados pelo idoso com dor crônica e estratégias de enfrentamento e adaptativas. A vivência da dor pelos idosos mostrou que eles têm conhecimento da causa de sua dor e agregam a sensação física aos seus sistemas reguladores e cogniscente. Cabe ao enfermeiro avaliar e potencializar os recursos pessoais do idoso, no sentido de melhorar a reposta adaptativa.
The Comparison on Mechanical Bonding Properties of Untreated Coconut Fiber towards Synthetic Fiber for Fiberglass Boat Building
Authors: Yaacob Amirrudin , Zakaria Z.A. , Jaswar Koto , Yahya M.Y.
Published: June 2017

The development of high performance materials made from natural resources is increasing worldwide. The interest in natural fiber reinforced polymer composite materials is rapidly growing both in terms of their industrial applications and fundamental research. They are renewable, cheap, completely or partially recyclable, and biodegradable. The coconut fiber can be a potential candidate to replace the industrial core and foam which its application are worldwide and it is used to increase the thickness of the fiberglass boat. In this research, three types of testing panel are constructed by using 10 mm of Coconut Fiber, 3D Core Foam and Infusion Grooved PVC Foam as the sandwich core. The resin infusion method which is produce quality final products have been used. The findings be obtained by conducting two testing methods, for the Flatwise Tensile Strength testing, the specimens taken from Coconut Fiber product yielded a higher value of strength which is 3.005 MPa compared to the specimens taken from Infusion Grooved PVC Foam and 3D Core Foam which is 2.963 MPa and 1.264 MPa respectively. For the Flatwise Compressive Strength testing, the specimens taken from the Coconut Fiber product had higher value of compressive stress compared to the value of specimens taken from Infusion Grooved PVC Foam and 3D Core Foam which is 29.66 MPa, 2.58 MPa and 4.68 MPa respectively. This research has proved that the Coconut Fiber is quite suitable to become as one of the laminating schedule for the construction of the fiberglass boat hull.
Critical Thrust Force for On-Set Delamination of Hybrid FRP Composite during Drilling Process
Authors: Tan Chye Lih , Azmi Azwan Iskandar , Muhammad Noorhafiza
Published: June 2017

Hole quality is one of the important criteria for hybrid composite components when assessing drilling behaviour because it influences the strength of composite parts post assembly. Nonetheless, some unique characteristics of hybrid Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites make them difficult to obtain the required quality and strict final dimensional accuracy. Based on previous studies, delamination has been recognized as one of the critical failure mechanisms in the drilling operation of FRP composites. It can often be the limiting factor for the final composite materials applications. Thus, in order to achieve a delamination-free in the drilling of hybrid FRP composites, an analytical model and a series of thrust force experiments are endeavoured in this study. The main purpose of the model is to compute the critical thrust force at the on-set of delamination during the drilling process. Results of this analytical study indicated that the delamination damage can be alleviated if the applied thrust force is lower than the critical thrust force value. Importantly, a good agreement was evident between the estimated critical thrust force and the measured thrust force in this particular study.
Machinability Study of Hybrid FRP Composite Using Abrasive Waterjet Trimming Technology
Authors: Irina M.M.W. , Azmi Azwan Iskandar , Lee Chang Chuan
Published: June 2017

Machining of fiber reinforcement polymer (FRP) composite without any defect is extremely challenging when using conventional processes. This mainly due to its inherent anisotropic, heterogeneous, thermal sensitivity, and highly abrasive of nature of fiber reinforcement. Therefore, a kind of non-conventional machining process namely abrasive waterjet machining (AWJM) was endeavoured as it has been reported to be able to machine or cut almost any material included composites. In fact, previous research only provides partially desired parameters on machining these materials and mainly focuses on plain FRP composite. Therefore, this research attempted to evaluate the significant AWJM process parameters comprehensively on the main machinability output on the hybrid FRP composite. 2k factorial design and statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) were applied to determine the performance of trimming process regarding surface roughness and delamination (entrance and exit). Experimental results revealed that the surface roughness was affected by the stand-off distance, abrasive flow rate, traverse rate rather than hydraulic pressure. Similar findings as to that of surface roughness were also observed for the top and bottom delamination damage.
Fundamental Research on Hobbing and Finish-Hobbing in Dry and with MQL System
Authors: Sato Yuta , Matsuoka Hironori , Ryu Takahiro , Nakae Takashi , Kubo Akio , Qiu Hua , Shuto Shuichi , Anan Ruito
Published: June 2017

This paper deals with hobbing and finish-hobbing that considers the machine environment when using various hard hob materials. Experiments were conducted by simulating hobbing by fly tool cutting on a milling machine. The results are summarized as follows. (1) Under the condition of hobbing with TiN-coated tools in dry cutting and with a minimal quantity of lubricant (MQL) system, P20 and P30 hob materials as the substrate show stable cutting and do not cause tool failure. The flank wear obtained with P30 is less than that obtained with P10 and P20 in the case of the coated TiAlN film tool. The MQL system shows flank wear reduction compared with dry cutting. (2) Under the condition of finish-hobbing, when using the TiN-coated tool, the flank wear obtained with dry cutting is smaller than that obtained with the MQL system. The flank wear increases in the order of P10, P20 and P30 hob materials, and the P10 hob material is effective. The TiAlN-coated P30 tool decreases flank wear and is suitable for finish-hobbing in dry cutting and with the MQL system. (3) Under the condition of hobbing, the finished surface roughness obtained with the MQL system when using TiN-and TiAlN-coated tools is smaller than that obtained by dry cutting. (4) Under the condition of finish-hobbing, the finished surface roughness obtained with TiN-and TiAlN-coated P30 is small in dry cutting and with the MQL system.
A Multiphase Eulerian-Eulerian CFD Simulation of Fluidized Bed Gasification Using Malaysian Low-Rank Coal-Merit Pila
Authors: Md Isa Kamariah , Osman Kahar , Othman Nor Fadzilah , Abdullah Nik Rosli , Hamid Mohd Norhakem
Published: June 2017

A multiphase Eulerian- eulerian model integrating the kinetic theory of granular particle (KTGF) was used to simulate the gasification of Malaysian low- rank coal (LRC), Merit- Pila inside a bubbling fluidised bed (BFB) gasifier. The model used includes the bubbling phenomenon and gasificationprocess that occurs inside a BFB gasifier. The gasification process simulated includes drying, heterogeneous reactions of char combustion, devolatilization, water- gas shift reaction, Boudourd reactionand gas phase homogenous reactions. The results from this model are compared to the results of Merit-Pila coal gasification, from which experimental data is available. Comparison of the pressure profile shows good agreement with experimental results. The temperature distribution shows that the maximum temperature is around 1100K which also shows good agreement with experimental values which is 1087K. Besides that, three out of six species mass fraction which is N2, H2 and CH4 produced similar values with experimental values. This shows the simulation conducted was capable to predict the gasification process of Low- rank coal, namely Merit-Pila.
Cubulation of Gromov–Thurston manifolds
Authors: Giralt Anne
Published: June 2017

In this article we prove that the fundamental group of certain manifolds, introduced by Gromov and Thurston [GT87] and obtained by branched cyclic covering over arithmetic manifolds, acts geometrically on a CAT (0) cube complex. We show in particular that these groups are linear over

\mathbb Z

.
On the joint behaviour of speed and entropy of random walks on groups
Authors: Amir Gideon
Published: June 2017

For every

3/4 \le \delta, \beta< 1

satisfying

\delta\leq \beta < \frac{1+\delta}{2}

we construct a finitely generated group

\Gamma

and a (symmetric, finitely supported) random walk

X_n

on

\Gamma

so that its expected distance from its starting point satisfies

\mathbf E |X_n|\asymp n^{\beta}

and its entropy satisfies

H(X_n)\asymp n^\delta

. In fact, the speed and entropy can be set precisely to equal any two nice enough prescribed functions

f,h

up to a constant factor as long as the functions satisfy the relation

n^{\frac{3}{4}}\leq h(n)\leq f(n)\leq \sqrt{{nh(n)}/{\log (n+1)}}\leq n^\gamma

for some

\gamma<1

.
Full groups of Cuntz–Krieger algebras and Higman–Thompson groups
Authors: Matsumoto Kengo , Matui Hiroki
Published: June 2017

In this paper, we will study representations of the continuous full group

\Gamma_A

of a one-sided topological Markov shift

(X_A,\sigma_A)

for an irreducible matrix

A

with entries in

\{0,1\}

as a generalization of Higman–Thompson groups

V_N, 1 < N \in {\mathbb{N}}

. We will show that the group

\Gamma_A

can be represented as a group

\Gamma_A^{\operatorname{tab}}

of matrices, called

A

-adic tables, with entries in admissible words of the shift space

X_A

, and a group

\Gamma_A^{\operatorname{PL}}

of right continuous piecewise linear functions, called

A

-adic PL functions, on

[0,1]

with finite singularities.
On the genericity of pseudo-Anosov braids I: rigid braids
Authors: Caruso Sandrine
Published: June 2017

We prove that, in the

l

-ball of the Cayley graph of the braid group with

n \geqslant 3

strands, the proportion of rigid pseudo-Anosov braids is bounded below independently of

l

by a positive value.
On the genericity of pseudo-Anosov braids II: conjugations to rigid braids
Authors: Caruso Sandrine , Wiest Bert
Published: June 2017

We prove that generic elements of braid groups are pseudo-Anosov, in the following sense: in the Cayley graph of the braid group with

n \geqslant 3

strands, with respect to Garside's generating set, we prove that the proportion of pseudo-Anosov braids in the ball of radius

l

tends to

1

exponentially quickly as

l

tends to infinity. Moreover, with a similar notion of genericity, we prove that for generic pairs of elements of the braid group, the conjugacy search problem can be solved in quadratic time. The idea behind both results is that generic braids can be conjugated „easily" into a rigid braid.
Minimal models for actions of amenable groups
Authors: Frej Bartosz , Huczek Dawid
Published: June 2017

We prove that on a metrizable, compact, zero-dimensional space every free action of an amenable group is measurably isomorphic to a minimal

G

-action with the same, i.e. affinely homeomorphic, simplex of measures.
Embedding mapping class groups into a finite product of trees
Authors: Hume David
Published: June 2017

We prove the equivalence between a relative bottleneck property and being quasi-isometric to a tree-graded space. As a consequence, we deduce that the quasi-trees of spaces defined axiomatically by Bestvina-Bromberg-Fujiwara are quasi-isometric to tree-graded spaces. Using this we prove that mapping class groups quasi-isometrically embed into a finite product of simplicial trees. In particular, these groups have finite Assouad–Nagata dimension, direct embeddings exhibiting

\ell^p

compression exponent

1

for all

p\geq 1

and they quasi-isometrically embed into

\ell^1(\N)

. We deduce similar consequences for relatively hyperbolic groups whose parabolic subgroups satisfy such conditions.

In obtaining these results we also demonstrate that curve complexes of compact surfaces and coned-off graphs of relatively hyperbolic groups admit quasi-isometric embeddings into finite products of trees.
Almost algebraic actions of algebraic groups and applications to algebraic representations
Authors: Bader Uri , Duchesne Bruno , Lécureux Jean
Published: June 2017

Let

G

be an algebraic group over a complete separable valued field

k

. We discuss the dynamics of the

G

-action on spaces of probability measures on algebraic

G

-varieties. We show that the stabilizers of measures are almost algebraic and the orbits are separated by open invariant sets. We discuss various applications, including existence results for algebraic representations of amenable ergodic actions. The latter provides an essential technical step in the recent generalization of Margulis–Zimmer super-rigidity phenomenon [2].
Assessing the Environmental Benefits of Watershed Development: Evidence from the Indian Semi-Arid Tropics
Authors: Wani Suhas P , Anantha KH , Sreedevi TK , Sudi R , Singh SN , D’Souza Marcella
Published: June 2017

Many environmental benefits result from watershed interventions in the semi-arid tropics. Environmental benefits may be defined as the condition and process through which ecosystems sustain and fulfill human life, including the provision of food and other goods. The spillover effects of these benefits range from an increase in household welfare condition to ecosystem sustainability. An attempt is made in this paper to assess these benefits in the context of Indian Semi-arid tropics using primary data collected from two micro watersheds (Rajasamadhiyala and Shekta watersheds). Results indicate that groundwater availability has substantially increased and soil conservation has brought changes in cropping patterns with high-value crops. Rainwater harvesting through check dams, causeway cum check dams, percolation tanks, farm ponds and earthen bunds have significantly increased water storage capacity and water availability along with doubling the production of major crops. Significant increases in irrigated area, cropping intensity along with diversification of crops from traditional to commercial cash crops were recorded in the watersheds. Assessing the environmental benefits accrued from the watershed development approach may lead to the identification of ‘keystone elements’ in a landscape that have a substantial impact by providing multi-functions. The integrated watershed management practices adopted in the two micro watersheds substantially improved the sustainability in these watersheds. Using available methods we have assessed the environmental benefits of micro watersheds in the Indian semi-arid tropics.
Delineation of the Flood Prone Zones Along the Medjerda River Downstream of Sidi Salem Dam in Tunisia
Authors: Djebbi Mohamed
Published: June 2017

The surge of extreme flooding events in the lower valley of the Medjerda between 1993 and 2005 raised people’s awareness to their effects. The main goal of this study is to delineate flood prone zones in response to the release of water volumes from Sidi Salem Dam, Tunisia. In order to achieve this goal, it was necessary to quantify the inflow flood hydrograph and characterise the geomorphology of the Medjerda River downstream the dam. The US Army Corps of Engineers HEC-RAS program was used to estimate the extent of floodplains associated with the released waters from the dam of Sidi Salem during historical and potential flooding events. The flood conveyances were calculated using surveyed topography, and HEC-RAS which was calibrated using site specific field data. The model output included water surface profiles. These profiles, coupled with a digital elevation model, were utilized to generate flood maps. Results showed a reduction of the main channel conveyance and overflows even for modest discharges. Data analysis proved that there were minor changes in the riverbed profile and the shape of the river’s cross-sections resulting in slower flow rates and larger sediment load depositions. This variability in the geomorphology of the river suggests that the flow friction factor varied as well. It is therefore crucial to monitor this friction factor variability in order to adjust the hydraulic models for better performances and forecasting capabilities with respect to standard models forced with static friction parameters. The produced flood maps are of great importance for several end-users particularly those in charge of: i) flood control and mitigation, ii) hydraulic structure design and deployment along major rivers, and iii) urban planning in order to avoid construction in flood-prone areas. The accuracy of these maps can be further improved by taking into account the morphological changes of the riverbed during each flooding event.
Simulating the Transport and Fate of Trifluralin in Soil
Authors: Ouyang Ying , Zhang Jia-En , Cui Li Hua , Nkedi-Kizza Peter
Published: June 2017

Understanding herbicide dynamics in agricultural soils is crucial to evaluate herbicide application efficiency and its environmental consequences. A model for herbicide trifluralin (α,α,α-reifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-ρtoluidine) dynamics namely runoff, erosion, leaching, volatilization, and degradation losses in agricultural soils was developed using the software package Structural Thinking and Experiential Learning Laboratory with Animation (STELLATM). The model was calibrated using field data with a good agreement between model predictions and field measurements before its applications. A simulation scenario was then performed to predict trifluralin dynamics in a 1.26 ha soybean field. Simulation results showed that in general, the rate of water runoff decreased with the rate of rainfall; however, the rates of trifluralin and sediment losses in runoff depended not only on the rate of rainfall but also on the content of trifluraline in the liquid and solid phases. The rates of trifluralin leaching and volatilization decreased sharply within the first couple of days following the surface spray of trifluralin due to its strong adsorption and soil incorporation. Simulation results further revealed that the rate of trifluralin degradation in the soil decreased exponentially with time. About 6% of the total applied trifluralin remained in the soil at the end of the simulation period (120 days). This study suggests that the model, developed with STELLATM, is a useful tool for estimating herbicide dynamics in agricultural soils.
Tillage and Nitrogen Fertilization Impact on Irrigated Corn Yields, and Soil Chemical and Physical Properties Under Semiarid Climate
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Khan Abdul Ghaffar , Ul-Hassan Anwar- , Islam K.R.
Published: June 2017

study evaluated the effects of tillage (deep tillage (DT), conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT) and no-till (NT)), and nitrogen (N) rates (0 (N0), 200 (N200), 250 (N250), and 300 (N300) kg ha-1) on: i) corn growth and yields, ii) some soil chemical properties (total soil carbon, nitrogen, and available nutrient stocks), and iii) selected soil physical properties (bulk density, total porosity, and infiltration) under semiarid climate. Total carbon (Corg), total nitrogen (TN), nitrate, available phosphorus (AP), exchangeable potassium (K), bulk density (ρb), penetration resistance (PR) and soil infiltration rates were measured. No-till had significantly higher Corg (9%) but lower TN (5%) as compared to CT. Deep tillage decreased ρb (2 to 5%) and PR (35 to 60%) compared to other tillage practices. The highest level of N had higher Corg (20%), TN (30%) and nitrate (35%) compared to the control treatment. The Highest N rate under DT has higher harvest index than those of CT, MT, and NT treatments. The nitrogen rate of 240 kg ha-1 produced near maximum yields (~90%) in DT and CT than the 260 kg ha-1 N – MT treatment and the 270 kg ha-1 N-NT treatment.
Nonlinear response of tropical lower stratospheric temperature and water vapor to ENSO
Authors: Garfinkel Chaim I. , Gordon Amit , Oman Luke D. , Li Feng , Davis Sean , Pawson Steven
Published: June 2017

Abstract. A series of simulations using the NASA Goddard Earth Observing System Chemistry-Climate Model are analyzed in order to assess interannual and sub-decadal variability in tropical lower stratospheric temperature and water vapor over the past 35 years. The impact of El Niño-Southern Oscillation in this region is nonlinear. While moderate El Niño events lead to cooling in this region, strong El Niño events appear to lead to warming, even as the response of the large scale Brewer Dobson Circulation appears to scale nearly linearly with El Niño. The tropospheric warming associated with strong El Niño events extends into the tropical tropopause layer and up to the cold point, where it allows for more water vapor to enter the stratosphere. The net effect is that both strong La Niña and strong El Niño events lead to enhanced entry water vapor and stratospheric moistening. These results lead to the following interpretation of the millennial drop in water vapor in 2001: the very strong El Niño event in 1997/1998 followed by more than two consecutive years of La Niña led to enhanced lower stratospheric water vapor. As this period ended in early 2001, entry water vapor concentrations declined. The net effect is that sea surface temperature variability led to a decrease in water vapor of 0.14 ppmv after 2001, which accounts for approximately 23&thinsp.% of the observed drop.
Fur-rubbing withPiperleaves in the San Martín titi monkey,Callicebus oenanthe
Authors: Huashuayo-Llamocca Rosario , Heymann Eckhard W.
Published: June 2017

Abstract. We report observations on fur-rubbing with leaves from Piper aduncum by a San Martín titi monkey, Callicebus oenanthe. Fur-rubbing occurred during the transition from the dry to the rainy season in a titi monkey group living in a forest fragment in the Moyobamba region of Peru. Since Piper leaves include very potent compounds that may affect ectoparasites, we tentatively interpret the observed fur-rubbing as self-medication.
A propòsit dels nusos mòbils en la construcció dels sermons vicentins
Authors: Ysern Josep
Published: June 2017

Fra Vicent es refereix a la seva predicació a través del símil de la xarxa. La predicació es conforma -segons ell- com una mena de filat o xarxa, teixida a partir d’autoritats, exempla, similitudines, etc. Seguint aquesta metàfora, en aquest article estudiem alguns dels nusos d’aquesta xarxa: els grups consolidats de símils que podem trobar, repetidament, tot al llarg dels seus sermons. Pensem que aquestes agrupacions faciliten el desenvolupament d’aquestes peces oratòries i ens mostren una tècnica de construcció que havia quedat eclipsada per l’atenció concedida a altres aspectes de la predicació vicentina.
A Study of Hedges in Chinese Foreign Ministry Spokespersons’ Speeches at Regular Press Conference
Authors: Yuan Ting
Published: June 2017

As a tool effective in yielding special semantic and pragmatic effects through promoting linguistic fuzziness, hedges are widely applied to various discourses, and thus hold tight a high position in the fuzzy linguistics research. Based on Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson’s speeches at regular press conference, the present study intends to analyze the hedges in qualitative and quantitative methods at both lexical and non-lexical levels, for the purpose of discovering the features of the usage of hedges in Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson’s speeches at regular press conference and figuring out how spokesperson’s speeches achieve his political meaning through hedges and the corresponding reason, hoping to help the public and foreign media comprehend Chinese foreign policy better.
Thai Traditional Hanging Garland Decoration to the Pattern Design Adapted on Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University Souvenir
Authors: Chandhasa Rosjana
Published: June 2017

The study aimed to analyze the Thai traditional hanging garland decoration for modeling in the pattern design adapted on a souvenir item, as well as to evaluate the souvenir pattern design result. In regard to the research process, the researcher initially applied the mixed method in learning and investigating information by using qualitative research. Additionally, the researcher used quantitative research in souvenir pattern design assessment. The area delimitation of this study was a souvenir shop in Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, as well as Suan Sunandha royal residence where Thai traditional hanging flower decoration models were gathered. Another delimiting factor was the sample which consisted of 3 design experts (post evaluation), 10 souvenir shopkeepers (post evaluation), and 100 consumers (pre- and post-questioning) using the accidental sampling method at the souvenir shop in order to evaluate the satisfaction towards souvenir design. Furthermore, the research instruments consisted of a literature review, in-depth interviews, questionnaires and evaluation formats.The research result elucidates that 10 Thai traditional suspended garland decoration motifs were collected; however, only the first motif was selected to be adapted in the pattern design since it was an original and the most-found figure. According to the pattern design development, 10 patterns were created which included: Kledgardenia net, Kra-Bueang gardenia net, Si-Dok-Si-Karn gardenia net, Jan-Krueng-Seek gardenia net, Kaew-Ching-Duang gardenia net, Daw-Kra-Jai gardenia net, Oak-Mang-Mum gardenia net, Hok-Karn-Hok-Dok gardenia net, Daw-Lom-Deaun gardenia net, as well as Lai gardenia net. Moreover, the recreated souvenir which the consumers purchase the most was a coffee mug.The evaluation result of adapting the patterns on the coffee-mug souvenirs illustrated that there was a high level of satisfaction on the beauty involving color and pattern, there was a high level of satisfaction on size and usage, and the highest level of satisfaction regarding the product was towards marketing in selling itself, as well as representing the place identity.
The Development of Home Decorative Vetivers Seat Cushion
Authors: Chandhasa Rosjana
Published: June 2017

The aims of this study were: 1) to create a home decorative vetiver seat cushion. 2) To evaluate the received product design (the home decorative vetiver seat cushion), as well as the development process, which covers the research and trial-production improvement by cooperating with vetiver handicraftsmen; furthermore, its procedures consisted of: 1) searching for cultural capital in order to be an inspiration in product design; 2) experimenting to develop the product; 3) summarizing the development procedures; and 4) presenting the result of developed handcraft vetiver sitting-pad model on the following. 1) The identity of handicraftsman community: it should be investigated from the aspect of cultural capital represented by the earthenware shape as well as fabric pattern, 2) the delicate figure and pattern, 3) the usability: the design, size and proportion are suitable and easy to use, 4) the vetiver leaf and production process: the leaves should be tough, strong and hard to be torn; moreover, regarding weaving and finishing the rim, it should be done neatly without visible welded joints, and also 5) the product quality: each part is assembled fixing by leather, inside of the product is attached by cloth as well as filled with leftover fabric. Besides, the sewing should be considerably emphasized the strength to carry weight. In addition, the overall assessment of handcraft vetiver seat cushion model is at a high level.
The Consumer, the Consumed, & the Devastated: A Longitudinal Study of Jordanian Consumers
Authors: Obeidat Mohammad Ibrahim
Published: June 2017

Based on a longitudinal study of a 120 Jordanian housewives, this study examines the influence of the Arab spring events on the Jordanian consumers in the form of the changes in the demographic and consumption patterns of the Jordanian consumers during the years 2012-2017 (i.e. the Arab spring phase). The results of this study reveals significant implications of the events of the region and governmental policies on the Jordanian consumers and presents the first ever typology of Jordanian consumers. Generally, the findings of this study reveal a decrease in the middle class segment in favor of the upper class. A number of managerial implications and suggestions for solving these issues are also presented.
Determination of the Point of Zero Charge pH of Borosilicate Glass Surface Using Capillary Imbibition Method
Authors: Amadu Mumuni , Miadonye Adango
Published: June 2017

The point of zero charge pH of an oxide surface is a fundamental surface chemistry property or solids or metal oxides that determine the nature of interaction at the solid-aqueous solution interface. In colloid chemistry this physical parameter controls the evolution of the electric double layer as well as adsorption and desorption processes.In colloid chemistry a number of methods have been used for the determination of the point of zero charge pH of an oxide surface. This ranges from titrimetric to radiation chemistry approach that deals with scanning electron microscopy.In this study, the direct effect of aqueous solution acidity on the solid-liquid interfacial free energy and the consequence of this effect on spontaneous imbibition of aqueous solution into borosilicate glass have been exploited for the determination of the point of zero charge pH of this type of glass. What is new in this method is that while the traditional titration method relies on neutralization of surface charges, the present method relies on interfacial free energy changes due to aqueous solution pH changes and the effect of this on the wettability of borosilcate glass surface. Result of point of zero charge pH obtained from the present method has been compared with those obtained using traditional methods. The comparison shows close agreements and this proves the technique used in the present work as a novel method for the determination of the point of zero charge pH of oxide surfaces.
English language and research: the most common traps
Authors: Wasilewski Weronika
Published: June 2017

O angielskim często się mówi, że jest językiem „uniwersalnym”. Wiele osób decyduje się studiować go z różnych przyczyn: by poznać kulturę krajów anglojęzycznych, zdobyć narzędzie do komunikacji międzykulturowej, znaleźć pracę itd. W Polsce, studenci poznają gramatykę oraz teorię uczenia się języka obcego równolegle z praktyczną nauką angielskiego. W rezultacie częste błędy gramatyczne towarzyszą im przez cały proces nauki. Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia listę błędów gramatycznych popełnianych często przez osoby uczące się angielskiego oraz porady, jak poprawić swoją gramatykę i na co zwracać uwagę.

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Epidemiological studies in the work of young scientists. Good publication practices
Authors: Shpakou Andrei , Szpakou Aleksander
Published: June 2017

Badania epidemiologiczne zajmują ważną pozycję w pracach młodych naukowców. Jednym z najważniejszych celów epidemiologii chorób niezakaźnych jest badanie występowania cech stanów, zdarzeń związanych ze zdrowiem w określonych populacjach. To z kolei jest ściśle związane z oceną czynników wpływających na stan zdrowia, których znajomość jest podstawą informacji do wykorzystywania przez służbę zdrowia i inne instytucje. Młody naukowiec oprócz planowania i wykonywania badań musi opisywać ich wyniki oraz publikować w czasopismach. Tylko pełna publikacja w recenzowanym czasopiśmie ma największą wartość naukową. Artykuł przedstawia epidemiologię jako naukę i metodologię poprzez definicje, klasyfikacje i główne cele. W skrócie przedstawiono epidemiologię jako narzędzie dla oceny sytuacji zdrowotnej społeczeństwa i omówiono ważniejsze zasady dobrej praktyki publikacyjnej wyników badań epidemiologicznych.
A PUBLICIDADE VIRTUAL E O DESAFIO DO CONSUMO SUSTENTÁVEL
Authors: Pereira Marília Do Nascimento , Do Nascimento Valéria Ribas
Published: June 2017

O presente estudo coloca em discussão a correlação entre a publicidade virtual, potencializada pelo uso mais corriqueiro das novas tecnologias da informação e comunicação, sobretudo, a internet com as questões envolvendo o meio ambiente, através da premente necessidade de se pensar em um consumo consciente e sustentável. Para isso aborda-se em um primeiro momento a temática da proteção consumerista no Brasil e suas nuances diante da veiculação da publicidade em ambiente virtual. Já em um segundo passo, orienta-se pela questão que evolve as práticas de publicidade cotejada pelos desafios da sustentabilidade. Elenca-se para melhor compreensão do tema o método de abordagem dedutivo, pois parte da matéria da publicidade para especificar aquelas voltadas ao ambiente virtual e sua correlação com o consumo sustentável. Para o procedimento de pesquisa utiliza-se do método de procedimento monográfico. Diante de tais considerações, destaca-se que a necessidade de uma mudança estrutural nos padrões de consumo, que através do ciberespaço, estão propiciando uma maior aceleração nas relações e provocando o consumo desmedido e em desconformidade com a sustentabilidade.
OS DESLOCADOS AMBIENTAIS E A SEGURANÇA INTERNA DOS PAÍSES DE DESTINO: QUAL JUSTIÇA É POSSÍVEL?
Authors: Pererira Ramos Júnior Dempsey , Pedrosa dos Reis Marques Mário Alberto
Published: June 2017

Este trabalho foi produzido no Curso de Doutoramento em Direito da Universidade de Coimbra, durante o seminário especializado de Ciências Jurídico-Filosóficas, “Os Direitos Humanos na Globalização”. Como método, utilizou a revisão bibliográfica, a análise do Relatório do Centro de Estudos de Refugiados, da Universidade de Oxford (Inglaterra), além de documentos oficiais da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU). O objetivo central é responder à questão: como conciliar os direitos humanos de 40 milhões de pessoas, que serão deslocadas até 2050, com os direitos humanos das populações dos países de destino? Existe uma lacuna normativa específica sobre “direitos” de “deslocados ambientais”. Além disso, o recebimento de deslocados, embora seja um ato humanitário, produz repercussões econômicas, demográficas, ambientais e energéticas nos países de destino, com impacto na sua segurança interna. O segundo e o terceiro capítulos mostram como essa dinâmica acontece. O quarto capítulo compara as Constituições de Bangladesh, Quênia, Ghana e Vietnã, países hoje já afetados. O quinto capítulo apresenta uma proposta de justiça global, com base em Aristóteles e Tomás de Aquino. A ponderação prudente e temperada de todos os valores envolvidos permite, em nome da Ética, distribuir os esforços humanitários por todos os países do globo, não só pelos europeus.
THE ETHIC GROUND OF JURIDICAL PRACTICE UNDER AN ARISTOTELIAN PRISM: A STUDY ON ARGUMENTATIVE RATIONALITY AND ITS USES IN LAW PRACTICE
Authors: Gontijo Prof. Dr. Lucas De Alvarenga
Published: June 2017

The purpose of the present text is to analyze the juridical phenomenon through the perspective of its rhetorical practice and to discuss whether such posture is by itself censorable from the ethical point of view. In order to achieve our purpose in this text, we have chosen to study, within the broad oeuvre of Aristotle, parts of the Organon collection, namely: Analytics, Topics, Sophistical Refutations, and also Rhetoric and Poetics, with an emphasis on the Art of Rhetoric. The aim that governs this entire demarche is to understand the Aristotelian proposals to a theory of rationality, which is to be investigated through the discursive practices applied to the juridical phenomenon. The utility of rhetoric is thus emphasized to what concerns it as a technique of discourse analysis, not its power to dominate minds. The function of rhetoric is not only to persuade, but also to find the persuasion means that fit better each case, to recognize what seems to convince and what convinces indeed. Even though it may be dishonestly used, that does not diminish its value. Aristotle has freed rhetoric from the burden of moral. It is necessary to be capable of defending the pro as well as the contra, not to make them equivalent, but in order to understand the adversary mechanism of argumentation and, thus, refute it. Aristotle believes that the true and the just are by nature stronger than their contraries. This is also how juridical praxis works.
CONSELHOS DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS : espaços legítimos de participação social na defesa das políticas públicas
Authors: Ferri Caroline , De Oliveira Mara , Rech Stedile Nilva Lúcia
Published: June 2017

O presente artigo trata do tema dos Conselhos Municipais, considerados estes como espaços políticos propícios à proteção social e a defesa das políticas públicas e dos direitos a ela vinculados. Esses Conselhos são componentes do processo de descentralização político-administrativa, no que se refere a sua organização e gestão, uma vez que se constituem em campos (jurídico legais) de compartilhamento de responsabilidades entre as estruturas governamentais em seus três níveis – nacional, estadual, municipal – e a sociedade civil organizada. Objetiva-se mostrar que a ocupação de unidades públicas legítimas de participação social, como os Conselhos, é uma das possibilidades de resgate do processo de democratização da coisa pública. Com uso de uma metodologia analítica, o artigo analisa a questão dos conselhos de políticas públicas enquanto instrumentos de defesa de direitos, destacando a ideia da participação social como um elemento central no processo de democratização, mostrando que estes Conselhos podem se configurar como espaços propícios de constituição de práticas democráticas.
O CONFLITO ENTRE REDUÇÃO VERSUS PRORROGAÇÃO DA JORNADA DE TRABALHO: AS PROPOSIÇÕES DA TEORIA JURÍDICO-TRABALHISTA CLÁSSICA E DA TEORIA JURÍDICO-TRABALHISTA CRÍTICA, NO CONTEXTO DA REFORMA TRABALHISTA BRASILEIRA.
Authors: Andrade Everaldo Gaspar Lopes de , Castilho Larissa Ximenes de
Published: June 2017

O artigo objetiva desenvolver uma narrativa diferente sobre o tema prorrogação da jornada de trabalho. Por meio de uma versão analítica estruturante, parte da história da formação operária, para identificar a nova divisão social do trabalho e a aceleração da exploração da força de trabalho, no contexto do Modo de Produção Capitalista. Em seguida, analisa o embate entre prorrogação da jornada de trabalho, na experiência brasileira, a partir de uma análise entre a teoria tradicional e a teoria jurídico-trabalhista crítica. Por fim deixa transparecer a concepção desastrosa inserida da reforma trabalhista, que ampliará ainda mais a prorrogação da jornada de trabalho, o adoecimento e a morte lenta no trabalho, por meio da flexibilização.
ACRL honors the 2017 award winners, part 2: A recognition of professional development
Authors: Ollis Chase
Published: June 2017

Deborah L. Schaeffer, instruction and reference librarian and liaison librarian to the School of Social Work (retired) at California State University-Los Angeles, is the recipient of the Education and Behavioral Sciences Section (EBSS) Distinguished Education and Behavioral Sciences Librarian Award.This award honors a distinguished academic librarian who has made an outstanding contribution as an education and/or behavioral sciences librarian through accomplishments and service to the profession.
Seeing the world through adult eyes
Authors: Ludovico Carrie
Published: June 2017

How does the ACRL Framework for Information Literacy reflect our current understanding of adult learning theory? Is it beneficial to students whose life situations mean they are uniquely challenged to balance a variety of roles and obligations, and whose primary focus may not be a career in academia? How can we, as librarians who work more and more with adult students, incorporate the best of adult education theory into our information literacy instruction?