bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Screw Mufflers Equipped with Two Inlets and One Outlet Using Neural Network Model, Finite Element Method, and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Chiu Min-Chie , Chang Ying-Chun , Lan Tian-Syung , Chen Ho-Sheng
Published: October 2022

Noise abatement by using efficient mufflers is compulsory, as venting noise, a type of huge noise in the industry, has a serious impact on human hearing. In order to reduce the noise abatement cost, the idea of using a muffler to suppress two kinds of venting noise sources arises. In this study, a muffler internally inserted with a screwed plate was proposed with two inlets and an outlet for exhaust venting. An analysis of the finite element method (FEM) was performed to estimate the muffler’s acoustical performance using the COMSOL program. A simplified objective function established by an artificial neural network (ANN) was trained to shorten the optimization procedure and linked to a genetic algorithm (GA). During the muffler analysis, both Rx (the outline dimension of the muffler) and D (the diameter of a straight and perforated tube) were chosen as design parameters. In addition, two target frequencies (1500 Hz and 2000 Hz) were specified during the optimization process. Consequently, the result reveals that the optimization of a screw muffler having two inlets and one outlet was efficiently assessed.
Determination of 20 Neonicotinoid Insecticides and Their Metabolites in Infant Foods by a Modified QuEChERS Method Combined with HPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Guo Liqiang , Li Kai , Zhang Jinling , Tian Guoning , Wang Ke , Li Yajing
Published: October 2022

A rapid, effective, and reliable method for the simultaneous detection of 20 neonicotinoids and their metabolites in infant foods has been developed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). To improve the accuracy and precision of the method, different extraction solvents, extraction methods, and adsorbents were evaluated to achieve a better recovery and clean-up effect. Under optimized conditions, the samples were extracted with acetic acid acidified acetonitrile/ethyl acetate by ultrasonication, and then were cleaned with reduced graphene oxide@Fe3O4 (rGO@Fe3O4) and primary and secondary amine (PSA) through a QuEChERS step. A matrix-matched calibration method was applied for quantification. Relative standard deviations were all <15% for intraday and interday precision. The values of limit of detection and limit of quantification were ranging from 0.02–0.35 μg·kg−1 and 0.1–1.0 μg·kg−1, respectively. The presented method was applied to the analysis of real samples.
Study on Granite Permeability Zoning Based on Electrical Resistivity: Take Wuyue Pumped Storage Power Station as an Example
Authors: Huang Zhiquan , Ran Tao , Dong Jinyu , Yuan Guangxiang , Zhao Guizhang
Published: October 2022

A granite mass in Xinyang, China, was studied to better understand the features of the link between permeability and resistivity. The permeability coefficient of subsurface media has a certain correlation with electrical conductivity. The following steps are conducted in this method; first, water pressure tests were conducted on the borehole to determine the permeability of the granite mass at different depths; next, the electrical resistivity values of the borehole rock were determined using geophysical logging techniques; finally, three mathematical models were chosen to construct the relationship between the two, and their applicability in the study area was confirmed. The method has some applicability and can serve as a guide for the design of reservoir impermeability. It was discovered that the calibration permeability obtained by inverting the power function model has the greatest applicability and can be applied to the permeability zoning of two high-density logging lines to obtain the characteristic dividing line of 0.5 Lu and 1.0 Lu more clearly and that this method has certain applicability and can serve as a reference for the design of reservoir impermeability.
Decentralized Adaptive Fault-Tolerant Cooperative Control for Multiple UAVs with Input Saturation and State Constraints
Authors: Fu Minrui , Xu Yiwei , Yu Ziquan , Zhang Youmin
Published: October 2022

This paper proposes a fault-tolerant cooperative control (FTCC) scheme for multiple UAVs in a distributed communication network against input saturation, full-state constraints, actuator faults, and unknown dynamics. Firstly, by considering physical limitations, an auxiliary control signal is designed to simplify the analysis process. Secondly, to avoid the difficulty in the back-stepping design caused by full-state constraints, virtual control signals are constructed to transform constrained variables, while the dynamic surface control is adopted to avoid the phenomenon of “differential explosion.” Thirdly, a disturbance observer (DO) is designed to estimate the unknown uncertainty caused by parameter uncertainty and actuator fault. Moreover, a recurrent wavelet fuzzy neural network (RWFNN) is used to compensate for the estimation errors of DO. Finally, it is proved that all states are uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB) by Lyapunov and invariant set theory. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is further demonstrated by the simulation results.
A Novel Minimum Spanning Tree Clustering Algorithm Based on Density Core
Authors: Gao Qiang , Gao Qin-Qin , Xiong Zhong-Yang , Zhang Yu-Fang , Zhang Min
Published: October 2022

Clustering analysis is an unsupervised learning method, which has applications across many fields such as pattern recognition, machine learning, information security, and image segmentation. The density-based method, as one of the various clustering algorithms, has achieved good performance. However, it works poor in dealing with multidensity and complex-shaped datasets. Moreover, the result of this method depends heavily on the parameters we input. Thus, we propose a novel clustering algorithm (called the MST-DC) in this paper, which is based on the density core. Firstly, we employ the reverse nearest neighbors to extract core objects. Secondly, we use the minimum spanning tree algorithm to cluster the core objects. Finally, the remaining objects are assigned to the cluster to which their nearest core object belongs. The experimental results on several synthetic and real-world datasets show the superiority of the MST-DC to Kmeans, DBSCAN, DPC, DCore, SNNDPC, and LDP-MST.
Optimal Management of Computer Network Security in the Era of Big Data
Authors: Chen Minfeng
Published: October 2022

As the “new oil of the future,” big data is becoming the leading industry of the new economy, the core asset of the country and enterprises, the “new blue ocean” to be pursued, and the national strategy to be developed by all countries. The development of big data and its related technology supports and promotes a new round of technological innovation, making a new generation of information security technology reform and innovation, bringing opportunities and challenges to optimize, and consolidating national information security. In the era of big data, what kind of challenges and impacts will information security face? and is it crucial to explore the response strategies? At present, China has risen to become the world’s largest number of Internet users and the largest number of people using smartphones, but because China’s information security is the initial stage, involving information security, especially national information security laws and regulations are not much, the national social supervision and monitoring mechanisms are not much, the application level of science and technology content is relatively backward, the core technology has a patent technology not much, resulting in the flood of network data nowadays. Therefore, the underground illegal “data industry chain” activities are rampant. Therefore, this paper proposes a security-aware model based on the combination of distributed data analysis technology and data features. The model uses data features to dynamically generate a library of situational anomalies, effectively solving the problem of analyzing and processing rapidly and dynamically generated data streams, increasing the detection rate to more than 98%, effectively reducing the possibility of false detection, and having good results on large-scale datasets.
[Retracted] Clinical Analysis of 85 Cases of External Auditory Canal Cholesteatoma Surgery under Specialized Endoscopy
Authors: Guo Yanan , Qian Minfei , Li Jiping , Xu Ji , Chen Hao , Zhang Hua
Published: October 2022

Objective. To investigate the clinical characteristics, surgical experience, and surgical outcomes of external auditory canal cholesteatoma (EACC) surgery under endoscopic otolaryngoscopy. Methods. A retrospective analysis of 85 EACC cases admitted to the Department of Otolaryngology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, from January 2016 to February 2021 was performed, followed by retrospective analysis of clinical data to explore the feasibility and clinical characteristics of all‐oral endoscopic EACC surgery. A total of 85 EACC patients (90 ears) with a mean age of 49.93 ± 14.87 years were included in the study. According to Udayabhanu staging, 43 ears (47.78%) were stage I, 40 ears (44.44%) were stage II, and 7 ears (7.78%) were stage III. All patients underwent transendoscopic surgery. Results. 79 ears (87.78%) underwent endoscopic EACC resection alone (+external auditory canal tumor resection/tympanostomy tube insertion), 9 ears (10%) underwent endoscopic EACC resection+tympanostomy+tympanoplasty, 1 ear (1.11%) underwent endoscopic EACC resection+tympanoplasty, and 2 ears (2.22%) underwent EACC resection+otolaryngotomy+tympanoplasty+auditory chain reconstruction endoscopically. Of these, 7 ears (7.78%) underwent auricular cartilage‐chondroplasty and 2 ears (2.22%) underwent auricular cartilage membrane repair. All patients were reviewed at 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively. One patient with stage II external auditory atresia had a recurrence after 6 months and underwent endoscopic ear surgery (ESS) again. One patient with stage 2 atresia recurred after 1 year and again underwent endoscopic ear surgery. The rest of the patients recovered well after the surgery, and the grafts healed well. Conclusion. EACC surgery through the external ear canal under a dedicated endoscope is a safe, reliable, and effective method. Patients with stage I and II external auditory canal cholesteatoma surgery under endoscopy have a rapid postoperative recovery with significant hearing improvement, and stage IIIA patients can also achieve good results under strict evaluation of indications.
Upregulation of miR‐335‐5p Contributes to Right Ventricular Remodeling via Calumenin in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Ma Hong , Ye Peng , Zhang Ai-kai , Yu Wan-de , Lin Song , Zheng Ya-guo
Published: October 2022

Right ventricular (RV) failure determines the prognosis in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Growing evidence has shown that microRNAs participate in RV remodeling. This study is undertaken to explore the role of miR‐335‐5p in regulating RV remodeling induced by PAH. Two PAH models were used in the study, including the monocrotaline rat model and hypoxia/su5416 mouse model. miRNA sequencing and RT‐qPCR validation identified that miR‐335‐5p was elevated in the RV of PAH rats. In vitro, miR‐335‐5p expression was increased after angiotensin II treatment, and miR‐335‐5p inhibition relieved angiotensin II‐induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. The luciferase reporter assay showed that calumenin was a target gene for miR‐335‐5p. Pretreatment with miR‐335‐5p inhibitors could rescue calumenin downregulation induced by angiotensin II in H9C2 cells. Moreover, intracellular Ca2+ concentration and apoptosis were increased after angiotensin II treatment, and miR‐335‐5p inhibition decreased intracellular Ca2+ accumulation and apoptosis. Finally, in vivo miR‐335‐5p downregulation (antagomir miR‐335‐5p) attenuated RV remodeling and rescued calumenin downregulation under conditions of hypoxia/su5416 exposure. Our work highlights the role of miR‐335‐5p and calumenin in RV remodeling and may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for right heart failure.
Deep-Learning-Guided Point Cloud Modeling with Applications in Intelligent Manufacturing
Authors: Wang Guifeng , Shuigen Ning , Xiao Jianzhang
Published: October 2022

Machining feature recognition is a key technology to realize CAD/CAPP/CAM system integration. Aiming at high robustness of traditional processing feature recognition in image reasoning, an automatic processing shape recognition method based on fuzzy learning of processing surrounding point black data is proposed. The Cloud RNN in the PointNet stage strongly demonstrates that the framework originates from convolutional neural spider webs. Protector shape for detailed discoloration data on constructed prominence surfaces for automatic rifle recognition is conducted. Spot staining data sample library is also constructed. The prosecuting feature recognizer gained advantages through sample training, which realized robot-style notification of 36 processing shapes. This is conducted with a recognition accuracy rate of over 90%. The method is simple and efficient, although it is not suitable for point cloud data with backlash and defects. It is sensible and still has usable robustness and confirmation performance against mischief around shape peripheries due to shape intersections.
The Development Strategy of the Multimedia Fusion Mode of Big Data Technology in Japanese Translation Teaching
Authors: Qian Wanwan
Published: October 2022

With the in-depth development of economic globalization, the connection and communication between China and other countries in the world are increasingly deepened, so the task of cultivating translation talents in various languages is particularly important. In the teaching process, teachers mainly focus on explaining theoretical knowledge and lack of classroom interaction, resulting in a boring and dull classroom atmosphere. At the same time, it does not pay attention to the practice of translation after class and often pays attention to interpretation and neglects written translation, which leads many students to think that Japanese translation is difficult and boring, which greatly reduces students’ enthusiasm for learning. In view of this situation, the application of multimedia technology in Japanese translation teaching proposes that the application of multimedia technology in Japanese teaching can improve the interest of students in Japanese learning and improve the teaching effect of Japanese teaching. Firstly, this paper constructs a logistic semantic ontology model based on automatic calibration of Japanese translation, extracts Japanese semantic features through this model, and performs relational mapping on the extracted Japanese semantic features. Starting from each aspect, optimize the automatic calibration algorithm of Japanese translation, find the best semantic relevance feature in each sentence, and realize automatic optimization, thereby improving the automatic calibration of Japanese translation machines and the registration of subject words.
[Retracted] Dilemma and Solution of Copyright Justice System for Health Short Video under Network Big Data Environment Monitoring
Authors: Li Fangfang
Published: October 2022

Short videos have quickly taken over the mobile screens of network users and established themselves as one of the most significant social platforms in the “Internet+era” as a new carrier of social culture. Short films have the qualities of high participation, strong engagement, high real‐time, and quick propagation, which satisfy the needs of Internet users in interpersonal communication and reading or enjoyment in leisure time. This is against the backdrop of network big data environment monitoring. Based on this, the paper defines the fair use system of short video copyright, elaborates on its concept, examines the system’s challenges and potential fixes in the context of networks, and develops a model for short video repeat detection using local key points. According to the experimental findings, this algorithm’s short video repetition detection accuracy rate can reach 95.8%, and its recall rate can reach 94.5%. For the development of the fair use system of short video copyright in the current network environment, the video in some complex scenes can achieve good detection performance, which establishes a good data analysis foundation and provides a significant amount of assistance for the system to escape its predicament.
Demonstration of the Antitumor Activity of the iNKT Agonist ABX196, a Novel Enhancer of Cancer Immunotherapy, in Melanoma and Hepatocarcinoma Mouse Models
Authors: Scherrer Didier , Barrett Noel , Teyton Luc , Pearce Tillman , Nitcheu Josianne , Pouletty Philippe , Santo Julien , Ehrlich Hartmut J.
Published: October 2022

Immune checkpoint blockers (ICB) provide a promising approach to antitumor immunotherapy through blockade of immunosuppressive pathways. The synthetic glycolipid, ABX196, is a potent stimulator of invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT), a small subset of regulatory lymphocytes, which are powerful enhancers of immunity when activated. ABX196 was investigated alone and in combination with chemotherapy and ICBs in a melanoma B16F10 tumor cell-bearing and an orthotopic Hepa 1–6 hepatocarcinoma (HCC) cell-bearing C57BL/6 mice model. In the melanoma model, immune response evaluation included immunofluorescence staining and detection by flow cytometry to identify anti-CD45, anti-CD8, anti-CD4, anti-CD3, anti-CD19, anti-FoxP3, CD1d tetramer, and anti—programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) markers. Analysis by MRI, liver weight, and IHC staining to detect CD4, CD8, F4/80, PD-1, programmed death-ligand 1, Ki67, and FoxP3 markers were used to measure antitumor response in the HCC model. Combination treatment with ABX196 and anti–PD-1 resulted in significant synergistic antitumor effects, reflected by the increase of CD8+ cells in the tumor and an increased ratio of CD8+ effector cells to FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) in mice with melanomas. ABX196 monotherapy and combination therapy resulted in antitumor effects in the HCC model. No significant differences in survival were demonstrated between monotherapy and combination therapy due to high response levels with either treatment. A synergistic combination effect was apparent when IFNγ was measured in peripheral blood, indicating sustained activation of iNKT cells. In both models, the antitumor effects were associated with a generation of a more advantageous T-effector to Treg cell ratio within the tumor, which could lead to in the proliferation and accumulation of cells that would otherwise be anergized.

Synopsis:

Using melanoma and HCC tumor models in mice, this study demonstrates the potential of ABX196, alone and in combination with anti–PD-1 antibody, as a novel strategy to overcome the immunosuppressive microenvironment and to produce antitumor activity.
The Boring Schwann Cells: Tumor Me-TAST-asis along Nerves
Authors: Amit Moran , Maitra Anirban
Published: October 2022

Perineural spread is an ominous feature of cancer. Here, Deborde and colleagues describe for the first time the biophysical coupling driving this route of tumor spread and the role of Schwann cell activation in the mobilization of cancer cells within and along the tumor-associated nerves.

See related article by Deborde et al., p. 2454 (8).
Dangerous Liaisons betweenTet2Mutation, Inflammatory Monocytes, and Leukemogenesis
Authors: Pietras Eric M. , DeGregori James
Published: October 2022

Transgenic knockin mice expressing a common loss-of-function mutation in human TET2 exhibit aging-related accelerated myeloid leukemia development and skewing of myelopoiesis toward the production of proinflammatory MHC-IIhi monocytes that may contribute to disease.

See related article by Yeaton et al., p. 2392 (2).
Complications Associated with Fetal Cardiac Interventions: Prevalence and Management – Experience from 213 Procedures
Authors: Tulzer Andreas , Arzt Wolfgang , Scharnreitner Iris , Hochpoechler Julian , Bauer Christoph , Tulzer Gerald
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Fetal cardiac interventions (FCIs) were introduced to change the natural history of some congenital heart defects. The aim of this study was to analyze the complications and management strategies associated with FCI at our institution. Methods: The local FCI database was retrospectively reviewed for all fetuses who underwent FCI in our center since 2000 regarding complications and fetal outcome. Results: 213 FCIs have been performed in 165 fetuses since October 2000: 60 with fetal pulmonary valvuloplasty, 4 with atrial septostomy, 7 with atrial septal stents, and 142 with fetal aortic valvuloplasty (FAV). The median gestational age at intervention was 27+1/7 weeks (21+4/7–38+3/7) for all interventions. The most common complications needing treatment were bradycardia (37%) and pericardial effusions (12%). FAV procedure-related mortality was significantly lower in the recent period since 2014 (14% early vs. 4% recent era, p = 0.03) due to a learning curve and improved management strategies. There were no relevant maternal complications. Premature deliveries occurred in 22.8% percent of all patients. Conclusions: Complications during FCI were frequent and must be expected. Strategies to reduce their prevalence as well as timely and correct treatment are mandatory to keep mortality rates low.
Amphibians and reptiles from a protected area in western Brazilian Amazonia (Reserva Extrativista do Baixo Juruá)
Authors: Moraes Leandro João Carneiro de Lima , Rainha Raíssa do Nascimento , Werneck Fernanda de Pinho , Oliveira Alan Filipe de Souza , Gascon Claude , Carvalho Vinícius Tadeu de
Published: October 2022

Sampling gaps across the logistically challenging and extremely biodiverse Amazonia largely hamper our understanding of broad-scale amphibian and reptile diversity patterns in this ecosystem. The Juruá River basin, a southwestern tributary of the Amazon River, is one of these undersampled areas, with only punctual information documented for these vertebrates that are spatially or temporally biased. This is especially the case for the lower-middle courses of the Juruá River, which also has comparatively less protected areas than its upper course. In order to fill some biodiversity knowledge gaps associated with amphibians and reptiles in this river basin, we combined results of our field expeditions carried out in 1992, 2005-2007, and 2018 to the Reserva Extrativista (Extractive Reserve) do Baixo Juruá, a Brazilian protected area in the right bank of the lower Juruá River. Amphibians and reptiles were sampled using four complementary methods: active surveys, pitfall traps, funnel traps, and trammel nets. We identified species or updated their taxonomic status with a reanalysis of the external morphology of the preserved material in the light of novel taxonomic literature (more than 1,500 specimens) and employment of DNA barcoding analyses for some newly collected specimens with contentious taxonomic status. Our combined sampling evidenced 149 species of amphibians and reptiles occurring in this protected area (72 amphibians, 68 squamates, six chelonians, and three crocodilians). Recorded species highlight the value of the lower Juruá River region as harboring quite diverse assemblages for these vertebrates, with species typical of the western and southwestern Amazonia sub-regions. Remarkable species records are presented, as well as accounts on species with lower taxonomic resolution. Furthermore, we discuss the biogeographic affinities of recorded assemblages based on the species geographic range and preferred habitats, and the value of this protected area to preserve the regional biological diversity.
A new species of Marganana (Declivana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini), the first record of the genus from Brazil
Authors: Domahovski Alexandre Cruz , Cavichioli Rodney Ramiro
Published: October 2022

Marganana DeLong, 1948 currently includes three species known to occur in the United States, Mexico and Guyana. In this paper, we describe a new species from Brazil – Marganana (Declivana) tetramaculata sp. nov. – which represents the first record of this genus for the country. A revised diagnosis of the subgenus Declivana is provided, along with detailed descriptions and illustrations of males and females of the new species. A key to the four species of Marganana is also provided.
Aitiai as Middle Terms
Authors: Hennig Boris
Published: October 2022

Aristotle’s aitiai (‘causes’) are middle terms in Aristotelian syllogisms. I argue that stating the aitia of a thing therefore amounts to re-describing this same thing in an alternative and illuminating way. This, in turn, means that a thing and its aitiai really are one and the same thing under different descriptions. The purpose of this paper is to show that this view is implied by Aristotle’s account of explanation, and that it makes more sense than one might expect.
O Anel de Gyges nos Devaneios de Rousseau
Authors: Menezes Luiz Maurício Bentim da Rocha
Published: October 2022

The present work aims at studying the myth of Gyges’ ring from Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s work The Reveries of a solitary Walker. Gyges’ ring is a magic artefact, allowing its bearer to be visible or invisible according to his will. The ring’s myth is portraited for the first time in the Second Book of Plato’s Republic. Thusly, our article is divided in two parts: the first one presents an analysis of the Republic observing its challenge of justice and the relation it holds with the art of ruling; the second part presents an investigation of Rousseau’s work to show how he had absorbed the ring’s myth. The main objective of our work is the comparison between Plato’s and Rousseau’s view of Gyges’ ring, and the investigation of the concept of nature as one of the pillars of the social contract theory. As results we present the way Rousseau answers to the challenge of justice from the concept of justice within the soul, whereas no harm could be done to others. In his reflexion on the ring, Rousseau seems to point at the existence of an interior justice according to its “natural inclination”, opposite to any obligation of the positive law among men. Therefore, one needs to observe that Rousseau is defending justice according to the natural rights holding that any contract established among men should be according to nature. This agrees with our thesis of a possible political ontology based on firstly, the concept of a universal justice, and secondly, on the art of ruling according to justice.
Os Trocadilhos de Hamlet em Tradução
Authors: Afonso Leonardo Augusto de Freitas
Published: October 2022

O trocadilho, ou jogo de palavras, é a um tempo uma forma disseminada de humor e um obstáculo para tradutores(as). Trocadilhos baseiam-se na própria carne das palavras, o significante, tanto quanto no sentido, geralmente sentidos; baseiam-se em esquisitices e coincidências em um sistema linguístico em particular, daí sua suposta intraduzibilidade. No entanto, tradutores(as) têm de fato alguns recursos à mão, que podem envolver sacrificar a fidelidade semântica estrita (daí o debate entre tradução e adaptação nesses casos). Este artigo se propõe apresentar teoria sobre o tópico do trocadilho, em si mesmo e em tradução, a qual será então aplicada numa exploração dos trocadilhos em Hamlet de William Shakespeare, e de como eles são tratados num conjunto de traduções brasileiras.
Synergistic Effects of Particle Radioactivity (Gross β Activity) and Particulate Matter ≤2.5 μm Aerodynamic Diameter on Cardiovascular Disease Mortality
Authors: Dong Shuxin , Koutrakis Petros , Li Longxiang , Coull Brent A. , Schwartz Joel , Kosheleva Anna , Zanobetti Antonella
Published: October 2022

Background

Although the effects of fine particulate matter (particulate matter ≤2.5 μm aerodynamic diameter [PM
2.5
]) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality are well established, little is known about the CVD health effects of particle radioactivity. In addition, there are still questions about which of the PM
2.5
physical, chemical, or biological properties are mostly responsible for its toxicity.

Methods and Results

We investigated the association between particle radioactivity, measured as gross β activity from highly resolved spatiotemporal predictions, and mortality for CVD, myocardial infarction, stroke, and all‐cause nonaccidental mortality in Massachusetts (2001–2015). Within both difference‐in‐differences model and generalized linear mixed model frameworks, we fit both single‐exposure and 2‐exposure models adjusting for PM
2.5
and examined the interaction between PM
2.5
and gross β activity. We found significant associations between gross β activity and PM
2.5
and each mortality cause. Using difference‐in‐differences and adjusting for PM
2.5
, we found the highest associations with myocardial infarction (rate ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.08–1.24]) and stroke (rate ratio, 1.11 [95% CI, 1.04–1.18]) for an interquartile range increase (0.055 millibecquerels per cubic meter) in gross β activity. We found a significant positive interaction between PM
2.5
and gross β activity, with higher associations between PM
2.5
and mortality at a higher level of gross β activity. We also observed that the associations varied across age groups. The results were comparable between the 2 statistical methods also with and without adjusting for PM
2.5
.

Conclusions

This is the first study that, using highly spatiotemporal predictions of gross β‐activity, provides evidence that particle radioactivity increases CVD mortality and enhances PM
2.5
CVD mortality. Therefore, particle radioactivity can be an important property of PM
2.5
that must be further investigated. Addressing this important question can lead to cost‐effective air‐quality regulations.
Archaean Memory Farm: Notes on the Creation Process
Authors:   Where Dogs Run, Inozemtseva Olga , Grekhova Natalia , Korzukhin Alexey
Published: October 2022

This article outlines the history, stages, and processes of work on the Archean Memory Farm project by the Where Dogs Run Group. The work is concerned with magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) as organisms that mediate between bio- and information technologies. The authors describe their experiments in creating a symbiotic bio-cybernetic structure, conceived as new media for preserving and transforming information. The article outlines ongoing experimentation with cultivating MTB and building a roboticized setup capable of both maintaining the environmental parameters needed for these species and using bacterial qualities for input and preservation of data, with the aim of receiving artificial “geological clots of information” created through hybrid human-bacterial efforts.
Fermenting Futures: An Artistic Exploration of Yeast Biotechnology
Authors: May Alex , Dumitriu Anna
Published: October 2022

The Fermenting Futures project is a body of artworks by the authors that explore the importance of yeast from cultural, scientific, ethical, and aesthetic perspectives. The project was created through an embedded artists’ residency at the Institute of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology of the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria. Yeast’s ability to ferment alcohol and make bread rise has played a key role in the development of human civilization; the works in the project ask us to consider how yeast biotechnology might now help confront global environmental problems.
THE ARTIST AS FERMENT OF THE SOCIAL BODY
Authors:   ORLAN
Published: October 2022

Multidisciplinary artist ORLAN offers a glimpse into her revolutionary work and creative process as fermentation.
Aspects of the Digital Fermentation of Moving Images
Authors: Ilyushkina Victoria
Published: October 2022

This article examines the diverse methods used by artists working with both analog and digital images in time-based art, using examples from the collection of the CYLAND video archive. The aim of this brief study is to examine and analyze the “fermentation” of the image of film and video art in the transition from analog technologies working with film, light and color transmission, animation, and editing, to digital special effects, computer processing, spatial video and media installations, and the use of Web 2.0 and Web 3.0. The author dissects the creative methods of artists Evgeny Yufit, Boris Kazakov, Andrius Venclova, judmila Belova, Anna Frants, Alexander Shishkin-Hokusai, Alek Borisov, and Anna Tolkacheva. The author seeks to identify a certain fermentation that causes a “reaction” that changes the very structure and texture of an image and leads to the creation of vivid artistic expression.
Implementing Gender Provisions: A Study of the Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro in the Philippines
Authors: Duque-Salazar Juan Diego , Forsberg Erika , Olsson Louise
Published: October 2022

While scholars on gender provisions have focused on why and how this type of peace agreement clause gets incorporated, few studies have sought to improve our understanding of the implementation process. Addressing this gap empirically, this study utilizes unique interview material to analyze the initial stages of realizing the 2014 Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro in the Philippines. The article bridges and expands on key theoretical insights based on three explanations suggested by previous research: 1) state capacity on promoting gender equality; 2) the mobilization of women’s organizations; and 3) gender awareness of international actors. We find that the strategic actions of women’s organizations combined with state capacity accelerated the implementation. However, their influence was dependent on whether or not the government prioritized the gender provisions, and whether international actors provided financial support to the agreement infrastructure.
Negotiating Justice: From Conflict to Agreement
Authors: Albin Cecilia
Published: October 2022

This special issue of International Negotiation explores how justice is, and may best be, negotiated when parties adhere to conflicting notions of what it means and requires. “Conflicting notions” refer to the endorsement of different principles or to conflicting interpretations of how the same justice principle is to be applied. It may also involve some party’s adhering to a justice principle, while its counterpart endorses criteria other than justice as the proper basis for the case at hand. A diversity of cases and methodological traditions is used to explore a set of analytical questions: Why do parties adhere to conflicting notions of justice in international negotiations? How do conflicting justice notions affect negotiation dynamics and what are different ways in which they can be handled? Are some ways of handling such notions better than others, in the sense of enhancing the chances of a durable agreement?
Who Killed Osman Xate?
Authors: Häberl C.G. , Kashintseva K. , Loesov S.
Published: October 2022

The grammar of the village dialects of Ṭuroyo remains poorly described apart from that of Midən, and within the documentation there is a dearth of spontaneous conversations. Consequently, much about Ṭuroyo pragmatics and sociolinguistics in general also remains undescribed. We therefore present two short conversations between three residents of Kfarze in Tur Abdin, concerning a significant event in its recent history, together with a translation and a glossary. In addition to their value as oral histories of the Christian-Kurdish relationship in the region, they reveal significant details about the dialect of Kfarze, including 1) the contraction of triphthongs in ii-y verbs; 2) nouns consistently marked with l- when they express the agent of an ‘ergative’ preterite; and 3) the retention of ‘soft’ (unaspirated) ḳ in Kurmanji loan vocabulary. The presence of the last feature, and of frequent code-switching between Ṭuroyo and Kurmanji in the spontaneous speech of these villagers, attests to the bilingual situation in Kfarze.
Taxonomy of 'Euconnus complex'. Part XXIV. Intermediate forms between Psomophus, Eupentarius and Euconnus s. str. in the East Palaearctic fauna unify problematic subgenera (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)
Authors: JAŁOSZYŃSKI PAWEŁ
Published: October 2022

Within the West Palaearctic region, the subgenera Psomophus and Eupentarius can be easily distinguished from Euconnus s. str. based on the antennal, pronotal and male genital structures. However, in other regions, described and undescribed species of Euconnus can be found that show intermediate features between these three subgenera. This problem is analyzed based on fourteen exemplary species that occur in the East Palaearctic region, mainly in Japan. It is concluded that there are intermediate forms between a trimerous antennal club, previously treated as the primary diagnostic feature of Psomophus, and a tetramerous club, typical of most species placed in Eupentarius and Euconnus s. str. The shape of the pronotum, the median pronotal antebasal pit, and the bifurcate aedeagal apex, thought to be typical of Eupentarius, were also found to vary among apparently closely related species. Consequently, Psomophus syn. n. and Eupentarius syn. n. are placed as junior synonyms of Euconnus s. str. The following species are redescribed or described: (1) Euconnus callidus group: E. chinensis Franz (China: Fujian), E. multiinsularis sp. n. (Japan: C & N Ryūkyū); (2) species sola E. rectitibia sp. n. (Japan: Honshū, Kyūshū); (3) Euconnus kirin group: E. kirin sp. n. (Japan: Honshū), E. yaimanus sp. n. (Japan: S Ryūkyū), E. uchinaanchu sp. n. (Japan: C Ryūkyū); (4) Euconnus pseudotrimerus group: E. pseudotrimerus sp. n. (Japan: Honshū), E. urauchianus sp. n. (Japan: S Ryūkyū); (5) Euconnus taiwanus group: E. taiwanus Franz (Taiwan and newly recorded from Japan: S Ryūkyū), E. fukiensis Franz (China: Fujian), E. bibaculatus sp. n. (Japan: S Ryūkyū), E. cryptoiriomotensis sp. n. (Japan: S Ryūkyū), E. oitaensis sp. n. (Japan: Kyūshū), and E. banana sp. n. (Japan: C Ryūkyū). A synonymic checklist of subgenera of Euconnus and a preliminary illustrated key to subgenera are given.
Three new species of Tanytarsus van der Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae) from the Amazon rainforest
Authors: REIS PATRICIA DO ROSARIO , LIN XIAO-LONG , FERREIRA-KEPPLER RUTH L.
Published: October 2022

In the present study, three new species of Tanytarsus, collected in Brazilian Amazonia, are described and illustrated as adult males: T. pollicis sp. nov., T. marianae sp. nov. and T. rafaeli sp. nov. Tanytarsus pollicis is placed in kiche species group due to its bilobed superior volsella. Tanytarsus marianae and T. rafaeli are not placed in any known species group, and although these two new species share characters that suggest they may be closely related, we do not propose that they form a new species group for Tanytarsus without prior phylogenetic analysis.
Environmental Modulation of Mechanical and Thermodynamic Forcing from Cold Pool Collisions
Authors: Falk Nicholas M. , van den Heever Susan C.
Published: October 2022

Cold pools can initiate new convection by increasing vertical velocity (mechanical forcing) and locally enhancing moisture content (thermodynamic forcing). This study investigates the impact of the environment on mechanical and thermodynamic forcing from cold pool collisions. An ensemble of high-resolution numerical simulations was conducted that tested the sensitivity of cold pool collisions to three parameters: 1) the initial temperature deficit of cold pools, 2) the initial distance between cold pools, and 3) the static stability and moisture content of the environment. These parameters are tested in the absence of condensation, surface fluxes, radiation, and wind shear. Colder initial cold pools increase mechanical and thermodynamic forcing owing to greater horizontal winds during collisions. For all environments tested, mechanical forcing peaked robustly at an optimal initial distance between the cold pools due to a balance between the creation and dissipation of kinetic energy, and the different phases of density current evolution. Thermodynamic forcing peaked for greater initial cold pool distances than those associated with mechanical forcing. Decreased low-level static stability and an increased vertical gradient in low-level moisture enhanced mechanical and thermodynamic forcing, respectively. It is also shown that the initial temperature deficit had the greatest impact on mechanical and thermodynamic forcing, followed by the environment, and finally the initial separation distance. Finally, cold pool collisions are classified as “mechanically strong” or “mechanically weak,” where mechanically strong collisions increased mechanical forcing beyond that driven by the initial outward spreading of the cold pools. An analogous classification of “thermodynamically strong/weak” is also presented.
Low Cloud–SST Feedback over the Subtropical Northeast Pacific and the Remote Effect on ENSO Variability
Authors: Yang Liu , Xie Shang-Ping , Shen Samuel S. P. , Liu Jing-Wu , Hwang Yen-Ting
Published: October 2022

Low clouds frequent the subtropical northeastern Pacific Ocean (NEP) and interact with the local sea surface temperature (SST) to form positive feedback. Wind fluctuations drive SST variability through wind–evaporation–SST (WES) feedback, and surface evaporation also acts to damp SST. This study investigates the relative contributions of these feedbacks to NEP SST variability. Over the summer NEP, the low cloud–SST feedback is so large that it exceeds the evaporative damping and amplifies summertime SST variations. The WES feedback causes the locally enhanced SST variability to propagate southwestward from the NEP low cloud deck, modulating El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) occurrence upon reaching the equator. As a result, a second-year El Niño tends to occur when there are significant warm SST anomalies over the subtropical NEP in summer following an antecedent El Niño event and a second-year La Niña tends to occur when there are significant cold SST anomalies over the subtropical NEP in summer following an antecedent La Niña event The mediating role of the NEP low cloud–SST feedback is confirmed in a cloud-locking experiment with the Community Earth System Model, version 1 (CESM1). When the cloud–ocean coupling is disabled, SST variability over the NEP weakens and the modulating effect on ENSO vanishes. The nonlocal effect of the NEP low cloud–SST feedback on ENSO has important implications for climate prediction.
Rainfall–Mixed Layer–SST Feedback Contributing to Atlantic Meridional Mode Development
Authors: Kataoka Takahito , Suzuki Tatsuo , Tatebe Hiroaki
Published: October 2022

A simple air–sea coupled model for wind–evaporation–sea surface temperature (SST), wind-induced turbulence–mixed layer (ML)–SST, and wind–evaporation–ML–SST feedback is extended to unitedly represent the precipitation anomaly associated with moisture convergence and the ML depth (MLD) anomaly due to freshwater-induced buoyancy flux. An eigenanalysis reveals the presence of yet another feedback accompanying a cross-equatorial SST gradient. The feedback operates as follows: A cross-equatorial SST gradient anomaly forces surface wind anomalies to blow toward the warmer hemisphere, causing low-level convergence (divergence) and hence a positive (negative) precipitation anomaly in the warmer (cooler) hemisphere. The positive (negative) precipitation anomaly stratifies (destabilizes) the near-surface ocean and results in a shallower (deeper) ML, which enhances (reduces) the warming by climatological shortwave radiation, and thus provides positive feedback to the initial SST gradient anomaly. The strength of this feedback is similar to the three known feedbacks in terms of stability. Sensitivity experiments with the coupled general circulation model MIROC6 reveal that the precipitation-induced buoyancy flux anomaly accounts for up to ∼14% of the Atlantic meridional mode (AMM) amplitude in boreal spring through affecting the MLD anomaly in the deep tropics, which is consistent with the simple model results, supporting the existence of the feedback. In contrast, the evaporation-induced buoyancy anomaly contributes only marginally to the MLD and thus the SST anomalies. The ML temperature budget from MIROC6 confirms that sensitivity changes of the ML to the warming by climatological shortwave radiation due to the MLD anomaly are important in generating the SST anomalies associated with the AMM, which is consistent with previous observational studies.

Significance Statement

It is known that year-to-year variations in the sea surface north–south temperature gradient in the tropical Atlantic can affect the climate in both surrounding and remote regions. In this study, we used theoretical and state-of-the-art climate models to investigate a tropical air–sea coupled process and establish its contribution to the Atlantic climate variability. As a result, we identified a previously unknown process contributing to north–south gradient variations in which the atmosphere and ocean interact to enhance the initial variation, thus forming a positive feedback loop. In particular, precipitation and near-surface ocean state changes were determined to be essential. This feedback process accounts for up to 14% of the north–south temperature gradient variations in the tropical Atlantic during the boreal spring.
The Indo-Pacific Maritime Continent Barrier Effect on MJO Prediction
Authors: Abhik S. , Hendon Harry H. , Zhang Chidong
Published: October 2022

The Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is often observed to weaken or sometimes completely decay as its convective anomaly moves from the Indian Ocean over to the Maritime Continent (MC), which is known as the MC barrier effect on the MJO. This barrier effect is often exaggerated in numerical models. Using 23 years of the retrospective intraseasonal forecast from two coupled model systems with useful MJO prediction skills, we show that the predictive skill of the real-time multivariate MJO (RMM) index for the continuously propagating MJO events across the MC region is higher than for the blocked MJO events. The greater prediction skill is not related to the higher initial RMM amplitude for the continuous MJO events. Rather the higher skill arises from the more persistent behavior of the propagating MJO events as the convective anomaly moves through the MC region into the western Pacific. The potential predictability is similar for both types of MJO events, suggesting the forecast models hardly differentiate the two types of MJO events in prediction; they only maintain higher RMM magnitudes of the continuously propagating events. The global reanalysis dataset indicates that the blocked events are often associated with persistent higher surface pressures over colder sea surface temperatures in the central Pacific, suggesting the large-scale environment plays a role in promoting or inhibiting the MJO propagation across the MC region. Caveats in the models to reproduce the observed MJO events are also discussed.