bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RELACIJE AGENSNOG I KOMUNALNOG NARCIZMA SA SAMOEFIKASNOŠĆU U RAZLIČITIM ŽIVOTNIM DOMENIMA
Authors: Radojević Nevena , Dinić Bojana
Published: April 2020

Narcizam predstavlja multidimenzionalni konstrukt, a prema jednoj od novijih konceptualizacija koja se oslanja na model delotvornosti-zajedništva, mogu se izdvojiti dve dimenzije grandioznog narcizma - agensni i komunalni. Agensni narcizam se ispoljava kroz veličanje sopstvenog postignuća i kompetencija, a komunalni kroz isticanje empatije i činjenje dobrih dela za druge i čovečanstvo, te se može pretpostaviti da će ova dva aspekta narcizma pokazati različiti obrazac veza sa samoefikasnošću u različitim životnim sferama. Cilј ovog istraživanja je ispitivanje tipologije narcizma na osnovu orijentacije na delotvornost i zajedništvo, te poređenje dimenzionalog i tipološkog pristupa u ispitivanju relacija narcizma sa doživljajem samoefikasnosti u različitim životnim domenima (socijalnom, emocionalnom i radnom). Rezultati analize latentnih profila pokazuju da se na osnovu mera agensnog i komunalnog narcizma mogu izdvojiti četiri tipa: visok narcizam, agensni narcizam, komunalni narcizam i nizak narcizam. Dalje, rezultati pokazuju da se tipovi visokog i agensnog narcizma međusobno ne razlikuju u svim domenima samoefikasnosti, te da na njima ostvaruju više skorove. S druge strane, tipovi komunalnog i niskog narcizma se međusobno ne razlikuju u radnoj i socijalnoj samoefikasnosti, dok više skorove u emocionalnoj samoefikasnosti ostvaruje komunalni tip. Agensni tip karakteriše viša radna i socijalna samoefikasnost u odnosu na komunalni, dok razlike u emocionalnoj samoefikasnosti nisu značajne. Poređenje dimenzionalnog i tipološkog pristupa je pokazalo da tipovi imaju inkrementalnu prediktivnu moć u odnosu na dimenzije u objašnjenju socijalne i radne samoefikasnosti, ali ne i emocionalne.
Educação superior
Authors: Machado Karen Graziela Weber , Kampff Adriana Justin Cerveira
Published: April 2020

Na atual conjuntura considera-se necessário o desenvolvimento de práticas e iniciativas vinculadas à internacionalização no decorrer do processo educativo da Educação Superior, visando preparar estudantes para atuar e viver em um mundo globalizado. Desse modo, torna-se relevante que as instituições de Educação Superior busquem promover atividades que propiciem a internacionalização aos discentes, contemplando questões como a mobilidade acadêmica, a interação com pesquisadores internacionais, a participação e a apresentação de estudos científicos em eventos internacionais, o desenvolvimento de pesquisas comparativas a partir de problemas globais, entre outros. Neste sentido, o presente estudo visa analisar as aprendizagens construídas pelos estudantes de Pós-graduação em Educação, mediante experiências desenvolvidas no processo de internacionalização, durante os seus percursos de formação acadêmica. O estudo é caracterizado como uma pesquisa qualitativa, com coleta de dados realizada através de questionário on-line, contendo questões fechadas e abertas, aplicada junto a mestrandos e doutorandos. Os dados coletados foram analisados por intermédio da Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD). A fundamentação teórica do estudo se desenvolve à luz de autores como Marília Costa Morosini, Luciane Stallivieri, Jos Beelen, Jane Knight, Betty Leask, dentre outros. Com este estudo, foi possível perceber a relevância da internacionalização para os estudantes de Pós-graduação, oportunizando o desenvolvimento de conhecimentos, habilidades e valores internacionais e interculturais, em consonância com as demandas atuais para viver e trabalhar num mundo cada vez mais interconectado.
A estatística no ensino médio
Authors: Oliveira Alyson Fernandes de , Rosa Dalva Eterna Gonçalves
Published: April 2020

Este trabalho, caracterizado como estudo de caso, busca compreender como a Estatística vem sendo abordada em sala de aula no Ensino Médio, de forma a propiciar aos estudantes a contextualização dos conteúdos e uma visão crítica sobre o mundo contemporâneo. Em uma abordagem qualitativa, os dados produzidos foram obtidos por meio de observações no ambiente de investigação, entrevistas com professores e grupos focais com alunos da 3ª série do Ensino Médio, os quais foram sistematizados e interpretados de acordo com a Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados obtidos permitem considerar que, por mais que os estudantes consigam estabelecer algumas relações entre a Estatística e o cotidiano, a maneira como ela vem sendo abordada, em sala de aula, não possibilita que compreendam seus conceitos de forma crítica, visto que ela não é trabalhada de modo contextualizado.
Contextos, analogías y tareas, que exponen el propósito de los conceptos clave de probabilidad
Authors: Borovcnik Manfred
Published: April 2020

La probabilidad es y seguirá siendo un concepto virtual. Esta especificidad requiere meta-estrategias que van mucho más allá de la instrucción de los detalles matemáticos y piden un uso sensato de la simulación. Sugerimos enfocar los esfuerzos de enseñanza en exponer explícitamente a los estudiantes al propósito del concepto de probabilidad. El propósito muestra el carácter de probabilidad indirectamente como los pasos requeridos para resolver una tarea hacen que las propiedades parezcan naturales en el contexto. Elaboramos tareas adecuadas y animaciones interactivas, que están diseñadas para superar los obstáculos de aprendizaje. Nos centramos en tres aspectos de la probabilidad: El carácter de las afirmaciones probabilísticas, el uso transparente de la probabilidad para las decisiones bajo riesgo y las consideraciones de inferencia informal en la educación temprana de probabilidad. Un criterio esencial de la enseñanza es hasta qué punto permite a los alumnos un acceso más directo a los conceptos en un nivel intuitivo. Para el diseño de animaciones didácticas, nuestros principios se caracterizan por las siguientes ideas: Se explora un cambio dinámico en comparación con la situación inicial. Como si se tratara de ver un vídeo, se observan las diferentes etapas de la emergencia de una relación entre los conceptos investigados.
APROVEITAMENTO TECNOLÓGICO DAS SEMENTES DE CUPUAÇU E DE OKARA NA OBTENÇÃO DE CUPULATE
Authors: Moura Rebouças Aline , Martins da Costa Douglas , Priulli Erica , Teles Jamayle , Roberta Freitas Pires Caroline
Published: April 2020

O cupulate é um produto semelhante ao chocolate, obtido a partir das amêndoas do cupuaçu e pode ser apresentado em barra ou em pó. O processamento de alimentos a partir de incorporação de co-produtos da indústria pode agregar valores tecnológicos e nutricionais. A exemplo destes subprodutos pode-se citar a okara que consiste no resíduo obtido a partir da extração do extrato hidrossolúvel da soja, o qual contém alto teor de proteínas e fibras. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo produzir um alimento do tipo cupulate branco enriquecido com okara, e avaliar a composição físico-química deste novo produto. Foram elaboradas 4 formulações de cupulate, sendo um tradicional e 3 cupulates com substituição parcial de cupulate por okara, nas proporções de 15%, 30% e 45 %. As amostras foram avaliadas quanto ao teor de umidade, lipídios, proteínas, fibras, cinzas, carboidratos e valor calórico total. Observou-se um aumento nos teores proteínas, umidade, cinzas e fibras nas formulações com maior adição de okara, enquanto os carboidratos e lipídeos apresentaram uma redução dos seus valores. A adição da farinha de okara no cupulate melhorou o valor nutricional do produto final.
PRIMEIRAS EXPERIÊNCIAS NA RESIDÊNCIA PEDAGÓGICA DA UFT/ARRAIAS: A INSERÇÃO DA MÚSICA NO ESPAÇO ESCOLAR CAMPESINO
Authors: De Jesus Soares Pereira Aparecida , Firmino da Cunha Gomes Maristela , Gomes Rosário Santos Angela , Alves dos Santos Erli , Barbosa Celedonio Warlen
Published: April 2020

O PRP vem contribuir para o crescimento dos futuros professores, permitindo a oportunidade de participar na prática da realidade da escola, estando envolvidos nas discussões promovidas, além preparar os acadêmicos na elaboração do plano de atividades das aulas, projetos e a sistematização dos registros que, de forma significativa estão contribuindo para uma mudança de perspectivas dos alunos da Escola Estadual Girassol de Tempo Integral Agrícola David Aires França, escola esta que participa do RP selecionada pela Capes, e também, através do projeto Institucional e do Subprojeto “O Ensino de Música nas Escolas do Campo”.
IMPORTÂNCIA DAS CUIDADORAS NA CONSTITUIÇÃO PSÍQUICA DE CRIANÇAS INSTITUCIONALIZADAS
Authors: C. R. Silva Marjorie , A. Fiamenghi-Jr Geraldo , T. Martins Jessica , T. Martins Nellie , F. Xavier Maria
Published: April 2020

O vínculo é uma das formas de se demonstrar a afetividade e permite um desenvolvimento psíquico mais saudável. Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo compreender a importância do cuidado e acolhimento realizado por parte das cuidadoras na construção do vínculo, visando reduzir o sofrimento de crianças institucionalizadas. Foi realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada com nove cuidadoras de uma Associação localizada numa cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo. Os resultados mostraram que as cuidadoras desenvolvem vínculo afetivo com as crianças, e contribuem na amenização dos impactos da institucionalização, uma vez que realizam o papel de figura materna. Em contrapartida, as cuidadoras demonstraram um descontentamento com a instituição referente ao número reduzido de funcionárias, destacando a alta rotatividade como um fator que prejudica o cuidado das crianças. Além disso, apresentaram dificuldades em compreender o limite de envolvimento afetivo com as crianças, para que seja uma relação saudável para ambas as partes. Espera-se que os resultados desta pesquisa forneçam conhecimento às cuidadoras, referente à importância no processo de cuidar, e o papel do vínculo no desenvolvimento psíquico ao longo do processo de abrigamento.

Palavras-chave: desenvolvimento psíquico; cuidadoras; vínculo.
INVENTÁRIO DA LIBRAS NO TOCANTINS: CONSTITUIÇÃO E COLETA DE DADOS
Authors: Ludwig Carlos Roberto , Leão Renato Jefferson Bezerra , Miranda Roselba Gomes de , Carneiro Bruno Gonçalves , Maia Maria Inez de Souza , Khouri José Ishac Brandão El , Cruz Cristiano Pimentel , Coura Felipe de Almeida , Ferreira Rodrigo Augusto , Alencar de Araújo Cruz Alanna , Suellen Sobrinho Costa Gésica , Otaviani Barbosa Gabriela , Fernandes Pires Cleysson Wender , Fagundes Lucas
Published: April 2020

Este artigo discute a proposta de documentação da libras que será desenvolvida no âmbito do projeto Inventário da Língua Brasileira de Sinais da Região Metropolitana de Palmas – Tocantins. Inicialmente pontuamos algumas questões sobre a libras e a documentação das línguas de sinais. Em seguida, focamos algumas questões contextuais que têm impacto significativo na constituição de um corpus da libras no estado do Tocantins. Por fim, apresentamos a equipe de trabalho e a metodologia de coleta, transcrição e análise dos dados do inventário da Língua Brasileira de Sinais da Região de Palmas – Tocantins.
AVALIAÇÃO DE DIFERENTES PRÉ-TRATAMENTOS QUÍMICOS EM BIOMASSAS DE BARU PARA OBTENÇÃO DE BIOPRODUTOS
Authors: Santana Junior Claudio Carneiro , Rambo Magale Karine Diel , De Melo Polyana Morais , Katharine Souza Romano Joelma , Rambo Michele Cristiane Diel
Published: April 2020

O baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) possui grande potencial energético para a produção de bioprodutos, a partir do pericarpo e mesocarpo. O objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar a biomassa residual (endocarpo e mesocarpo) de baru para a obtenção de bioprodutos em processos de biorrefinarias. Cada amostra foi analisada em duplicata e o espectro médio foi utilizado. Foram realizadas análises aproximadas de umidade, cinzas, VMC, FC e matéria orgânica. As biomassas foram pré-tratadas com peroxidativos e solução alcalina submetidos à hidrólise ácida para produção de açúcares. As caracterizações físico-químicas mostraram que, em geral, as biomassas do endocarpo e mesocarpo de baru podem fornecer uma gama de produtos de valor agregado, pois seus parâmetros se encaixam nas exigências da biorrefinaria, tais como: alto teor de carboidratos, baixo teor de umidade, extrativos e cinzas. Maiores teores de lignina contribuem para a obtenção de insumos aromáticos e carvão, do qual foram obtidos para o epicarpo bruto.
PERFIL DA VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA CRIANÇAS EM UMA CAPITAL BRASILEIRA
Authors: Santos Leidiene Ferreira , Silva Maitê da Veiga Feitoza Borges , Santos Nayane de Sousa Silva , Pacheco Leonora Rezende , Da Silva Juliana Bastoni , Mutti Cintia Flôres
Published: April 2020

A violência está presente nos diversos cenários sociais e a infantil, especificamente, provoca repercussões negativas ao longo da vida do indivíduo, configurando-se em desafio das políticas públicas de saúde mundialmente. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se identificar o perfil da violência infantil no município de Palmas, Tocantins, Brasil, por meio de pesquisa documental e análise descritiva dos casos de violência infantil registrados no SINAN Net (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação) no período de 2009 a 2015. Ao total, foram notificados 737 (100%) casos de violência contra crianças, sendo possível identificar expressivo aumento do número de registros ao longo dos anos, alcançando a marca de 268 (36,4%) somente em 2015. Acredita-se que conhecer o perfil da violência infantil pode contribuir para seu enfrentamento e fortalecimento da rede de proteção da criança.
ATIVIDADES PRÁTICAS DE LABORATORIO NO ENSINO DE BIOTECNOLOGIA APLICADA À INDÚSTRIA DE ALIMENTOS E BEBIDAS
Authors: Santos Claudia Cristina Auler do Amaral , De Abreu Danilo José Machado
Published: April 2020

O desenvolvimento de atividades práticas de laboratório no ensino de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Industria de Alimentos e Bebidas torna-se necessário para promover maior aprendizagem teórico-prática por parte dos alunos. O trabalho iniciou-se através do Programa Institucional de Monitoria (PIM) na Universidade Federal do Tocantins, no curso de Engenharia de Bioprocessos e Biotecnologia. O objetivo foi desenvolver protocolos experimentais para a realização das aulas práticas da disciplina baseando-se em livros didáticos, periódicos e artigos científicos. As atividades englobavam a organização e viabilização das aulas, através da disponibilização dos materiais diretamente na bancada e auxílio ao docente, acompanhando os alunos durante a manipulação dos materiais e equipamentos laboratoriais. O melhor desempenho acadêmico, motivação e o envolvimento dos alunos confirmaram o potencial didático do auxílio do monitor ao docente em aulas experimentais, bem como a iniciação à docência do monitor e a forma como relaciona tópicos de engenharia de alimentos e biotecnologia.
DEFINIÇÃO DO ANO CLIMÁTICO DE REFERÊNCIA (TRY) PARA A CIDADE DE PALMAS- TOCANTINS
Authors: Menezes Ana Maria , Ayres de Oliveira Mariela Cristina
Published: April 2020

O desenvolvimento dessa pesquisa se baseia na coleta de dados climáticos da estação meteorológica automática local do INMET e sua sistematização, em busca da definição do Ano Climático de Referência- TRY como fundamento para elaborar uma Carta Bioclimática para a cidade de Palmas- TO. Para isto, fundamentou- se em trabalhos anteriores para diferentes localidades como a Carta bioclimática de Cuiabá por Leão (2007), sobretudo aplicando a mesma metodologia para a determinação do TRY, de ASHARAE (1993). Tal metodologia se baseia na reunião das médias mensais de Temperatura de Bulbo Seco de pelo menos 10 anos consecutivos, em seguida, a eliminação de anos com extremos de temperatura até que se tenha apenas um, sendo considerado o TRY para aquela localidade. Os anos tratados se delimitaram entre os anos de 2008 a 2017. Chegou- se ao TRY local como sendo o ano de 2015. Com a inserção das 8670 horas do TRY no AnalysisBio, foi possível a geração da Carta Bioclimática. As horas de desconforto por calor para Palmas chegam a 74,1 % do total de horas no ano. As principais estratégias bioclimáticas sugeridas pela simulação para o calor foram, a ventilação, alta inércia para o resfriamento, resfriamento evaporativo e ar condicionado.
Impact of penguin biotransport on the floral landscape of the South Sandwich Islands
Authors: Gotts Max , Taylor Dylan
Published: April 2020

Research Question: To what extent is local flora influenced by ornithogenic soil biochemical-composition in the South Sandwich Islands, with special attention given to Zavodovski, and what are the down-stream effects on the geology of the islands? Hypothesis: Areas supplied by fluvial run-off from penguin colonies, especially crˆeches, host the most productive and species rich floral landscapes, even after controlling for geothermal activity.
Therapeutic Approach for Global Myocardial Injury Using Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Cardiac Support Device in Rats
Authors: Liu Ziwei , Naveed Muhammad , Baig Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf , Mikrani Reyaj , Li Cuican , Dar Kashif , Saeed Muhammad , Zhan Qin , Ahmed Bilal , Zhou Xiaohui
Published: April 2020

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been considered a promising therapeutic approach to cardiovascular disease. This study intends to compare the effect of BMSCs through a standard active cardiac support device (ASD) and intravenous injection on global myocardial injury induced by isoproterenol. BMSCs were cultured in vitro, and the transplanted cells were labeled with a fluorescent dye CM-Dil. Isoproterenol (ISO) was injected into the rats; two weeks later, the labeled cells were transplanted into ISO-induced heart injury rats through the tail vein and ASD device for five days. The rats were sacrificed on the first day, the third day, and the fifth day after transplantation to observe the distribution of cells in the myocardium by fluorescence microscopy. The hemodynamic indexes of the left ventricle were measured before sacrificing. H&E staining and Masson’s trichrome staining were used to evaluate the cardiac histopathology. In the ASD groups, after three days of transplantation, there were a large number of BMSCs on the epicardial surface, and after five days of transplantation, BMSCs were widely distributed in the ventricular muscle. But in the intravenous injection group, there were no labeled-BMSCs distributed. In the ASD+BMSCs-three days treated group and ASD+BMSCs -five days-treated group, left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), maximum rate of left ventricular pressure rise (+dP/dt), maximum rate of left ventricular pressure decline (-dP/dt) increased compared with model group and intravenous injection group (P<0.05). By giving BMSCs through ASD device, cells can rapidly and widely are distributed in the myocardium and significantly improve heart function.
Gravity as An Explanation of Spin Measurement in Quantum Entanglement: Possible Timeless State of the Universe
Authors: Farag Ali Ahmed
Published: April 2020

We investigate the matching point between non-inertial frames and local inertial frames. This localization of gravity lead to an emergence of a timeless state of the universe in a mathematically consistent way. We find a geometric interpretation of the speed of light and mass. I find also a relation between every mass measured and the black hole entropy which introduces an information-matter equation from gravity. The experimental evidence of the timeless state of the universe is the quantum entanglement. Since the spin measurement is the manifestation of quantum entanglement measurement. Therefore, the internal spin of quantum particles can be understood as a relative gravitational red-shift at two different points. Therefore the spin measurements introduce the quantum gravity measurements in local inertial frames. We found that uncertainty is reduced as the measurements happens closely to the gravitational source. Least computations of gravitational measurement is achieved when the relative gravitational red-shift is equal to the difference in gravitational red-shift.
Gravity as An Explanation of Spin Measurement in Quantum Entanglement: Possible Timeless State of the Universe
Authors: Farag Ali Ahmed
Published: April 2020

We investigate the matching point between non-inertial frames and local inertial frames. This localization of gravity lead to an emergence of a timeless state of the universe in a mathematically consistent way. We find a geometric interpretation of the speed of light and mass. We find also a relation between every mass measured and the black hole entropy which introduces an information-matter equation from gravity. The experimental evidence of the timeless state of the universe is the quantum entanglement. Since the spin measurement is the manifestation of quantum entanglement measurement. Therefore, the spin of quantum particles can be understood as a relative gravitational red-shift at two different points. Therefore the spin measurements introduce the quantum gravity measurements in local inertial frames. We conjecture that the universe emerges from a black hole that has global symmetry of $SU(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)$. We introduce a geometric realization of spontaneous symmetry breaking in the timeless state of the universe and emergence of mass.
New Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic: Complexities Resulting in a Tragedy
Authors: Grunig Gabriele , Durmus Nedim , Marsh Leigh
Published: April 2020

A striking aspect of COVID-19 is the difference in the outcome of the infection between different countries, and different ethnic groups within one country. We surveyed the literature on SARS-CoV-2 complemented with comparative publications on SARS-CoV and other coronaviruses to capture the current understanding of virus – host interactions including virus subtypes, transmission, zoonotic aspects, and potential host determinants.
Almond Skin Extracts and Chlorogenic Acid Delay Replicative Aging by Enhanced Oxidative Stress Response Involving SIR2 and SOD2 in Yeast
Authors: Tungmunnithum Duangjai , Abid Malika , Elamrani Ahmed , Drouet Samantha , Addi Mohamed , Hano Christophe
Published: April 2020

Almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb) is one of the largest nut crops in the world. Recently, phenolic compounds, mostly stored in almond skin, have been associated with much of the health-promoting behavior associated with their intake. The almond skin enriched fraction obtained from cold-pressed oil residues of the endemic Moroccan Beldi ecotypes is particularly rich in chlorogenic acid. In this study, both almond skin extract (AE) and chlorogenic acid (CHL) supplements, similar to traditional positive control resveratrol, significantly increased the replicative life-span of yeast compared to the untreated group. Our results showed that AE and CHL significantly reduced the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), most likely due to their ability to maintain mitochondrial function during aging, as indicated by the maintenance of normal mitochondrial membrane potential in treated groups. This may be associated with the observed activation of the anti-oxidative stress response in treated yeast, which results in activation at both gene expression and enzymatic activity levels for SOD2 and SIR2, the latter being an upstream inducer of SOD2 expression. Interestingly, the differential gene expression induction of mitochondrial SOD2 gene at the expense of the cytosolic SOD1 gene confirms the key role of mitochondrial function in this regulation. Furthermore, AE and CHL have contributed to the survival of yeast under UV-C-induced oxidative stress, by reducing the development of ROS / RNS, resulting in a significant reduction in cellular oxidative damage as evidenced by decreased membrane lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl content and 8-oxo-guanine formation in DNA. Together, these results demonstrate the interest of AE and CHL as new regulators in the replicative life-span and control of the oxidative stress response of yeast.
Atherosclerosis as Pathogenetic Substrate for Sars-Cov2 ‘‘Cytokine Storm’’
Authors: Vinciguerra Mattia , Romiti Silvia , Greco Ernesto
Published: April 2020

Sars-CoV-2 outbreak represents a public health emergency, affecting different regions of the world. Lung is the organ more damaged due to the high presence of Sars-CoV-2 binding receptor ACE2 on epithelial alveolar cells. Severity of infection vary from absence of symptomatology to be more severe, characterized by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multiorgan failure and sepsis requiring treatment in Intensive Care Unit (ICU).It is not still clear why in a small percentage of patients immune system is not able to efficiently suppress viral replication. It has been documented as predictive factors for severity and susceptibility affections of cardiovascular system such as heart failure (HF), coronary heart disease (CHD) and risk factors for atherosclerotic progression, hypertension and diabetes among others.Atherosclerotic progression, as chronic inflammation process, is characterized by immune system dysregulation leading to pro-inflammatory pattern, including (Interleukin 6) IL-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α) and IL-1β raise. Reviewing immune system and inflammation profiles in atherosclerosis and laboratory results report in severe Sars-CoV-2 infection we have supposed a pathogenetic correlation. Atherosclerosis may be a pathogenetic ideal substrate to high viral replication ability leading to adverse outcomes, how reported in patients with cardiovascular factors. Moreover, level of atherosclerotic progression may impact on a different degree of severe infection and in a vicious circle feeding itself Sars-CoV-2 may exacerbate atherosclerotic progression due to excessive and aberrant plasmatic concentration of cytokines.
Novel Method for Detection of Genes With Altered Expression Caused by Coronavirus Infection and Screening of Candidate Drugs for SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Taguchi Y-H. , Turki Turki
Published: April 2020

To better understand the genes with altered expression caused by infection with the novel coronavirus strain SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19 infectious disease, a tensor decomposition (TD)-based unsupervised feature extraction (FE) approach was applied to a gene expression profile dataset of the mouse liver and spleen with experimental infection of mouse hepatitis virus, which is regarded as a suitable model of human coronavirus infection. TD-based unsupervised FE selected 134 altered genes, which were enriched in protein-protein interactions with orf1ab, polyprotein, and 3C-like protease that are well known to play critical roles in coronavirus infection, suggesting that these 134 genes can represent the coronavirus infectious process. We then selected compounds targeting the expression of the 134 selected genes based on a public domain database. The identified drug compounds were mainly related to known antiviral drugs, several of which were also included in those previously screened with an in silico method to identify candidate drugs for treating COVID-19.
Nitazoxanide/Azithromycin Combination for COVID-19: A Suggested New Protocol for COVID-19 Early Management
Authors: Kelleni Mina
Published: April 2020

Azithromycin has been shown to have a clinical efficacy against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2); ivermectin has also demonstrated a remarkable experimental efficacy with a potential to be used for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Further, BCG vaccination is being considered for clinical trials aiming to test its potential for lowering COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. This article illustrates some structural and functional relationships that may gather these drugs and the author, basing on a combined pathophysiological and pharmacological approach, recommends the FDA-approved antidiarrhea drug; nitazoxanide, which has been previously suggested but unfortunately ignored, to be tested in combination with azithromycin for their potential activity against SARS CoV-2 soonest. The author recommends testing their combined administration as early during the clinical course of COVID-19 as possible. Further, basing on the same represented concept, the author recommends more trials for interferons to be tested against SARS CoV-2 especially in severe and critical cases.
Virtual Reality for Teaching and Learning in Crime Scene Investigation
Authors: Mayne Richard , Green Helen
Published: April 2020

Simulated crime scene investigation is an essential component of forensic science education, but its implementation poses challenges relating to cost, accessibility and breadth of experience. Virtual reality (VR) is an emerging technology which offers exciting prospects for teaching and learning, especially for imparting practical skills. We document here a multidisciplinary experimental study in which a bespoke VR crime scene app was designed and implemented, after which it was tested by both undergraduate student and staff/postgraduate student cohorts. Through both qualitative and quantitative analyses, we demonstrate that VR applications support learning of practical crime scene processing skills. VR-based practical sessions have the potential to add value to forensic science courses through offering cost-effective practical experience and the ability to work in isolation, in a variety of different scenarios. Both user groups reported high levels of satisfaction with the process and reports of adverse effects (motion sickness) were minimal. With reference to user feedback, we proceed to evaluate the scalability and development challenges associated with large-scale implementation of VR as an adjunct to forensic science education.
A Study On Sums of Cubes of Generalized Fibonacci Numbers: Closed Formulas of $\sum_{k=0}^{n}x^{k}W_{k}^{3}$ and $\sum_{k=1}^{n}x^{k}W_{-k}^{3} $
Authors: Soykan Yüksel
Published: April 2020

In this paper, closed forms of the sum formulas $\sum_{k=0}^{n}x^{k}W_{k}^{3}$ and $\sum_{k=1}^{n}x^{k}W_{-k}^{3}$ for the cubes of generalized Fibonacci numbers are presented. As special cases, we give sum formulas of Fibonacci, Lucas, Pell, Pell-Lucas, Jacobsthal, Jacobsthal-Lucas numbers.
Liver and COVID 19 Infection: A Very Preliminary Lesson Learnt from Histological Post-mortem Findings in 48 patients
Authors: Sonzogni Aurelio , Previtali Giulia , Seghezzi Michela , Alessio Maria Grazia , Gianatti Andrea , Licini Lisa , Zerbi Pietro , Carsana Luca , Rossi Roberta , Lauri Eleonora , Pellegrinelli Alessandro , Nebuloni Manuela
Published: April 2020

COVID-19 breakout in Italy has caused a huge number of severely ill patients with a serious increase in mortality. Although lungs seem to be the main target of the infection very few information are available about liver involvement in COVID-19 infection, that could possibly evocate a systemic disease targeting a lot of organs. Since now there are no reports of large series of histological evaluation of liver morphology in this setting. Knowledge of histological liver findings connected to clinical data is crucial in management of this disease.Post-mortem wedge liver biopsies from 48 patients died for COVID-19 infection were available from two main hospitals located in northern Italy, Lombardy; all sample were obtained during autopsies. No patient has a significant clinical complain of liver disease or signs of liver failure before and during hospitalization; for each of them laboratory data focused on liver were available. All liver samples showed minimal inflammation features; on the other side, many histological pictures compatible with vascular alterations were observed, characterized by portal vein braches number increase associated with lumen massive dilatation, partial or complete recent luminal thrombosis of portal and sinusoidal vessels, fibrosis of portal tract, focally severely enlarged and fibrotic. Our preliminary results concerning histological liver involvement in COVID-19 infection confirm the clinical impression that liver failure is not a main concern and this organ is not the target of significant inflammatory damage; histopatological findings are highly suggestive for marked alteration of intrahepatic blood vessel network secondary to systemic alterations induced by virus that could target, besides lung parenchyma, cardiovascular system, coagulation cascade or endothelial layer of blood vessels.
Highly Conserved Homotrimer Cavity Formed by the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein: A Novel Binding Site
Authors: Kalathiya Umesh , Padariya Monikaben , Mayordomo Marcos , Lisowska Małgorzata , Nicholson Judith , Singh Ashita , Baginski Maciej , Fåhraeus Robin , Carragher Neil , Ball Kathryn , Haas Juergen , Daniels Alison , Hupp Ted R. , Alfaro Javier Antonio
Published: April 2020

An important stage in SARS-CoV-2 life cycle is the fusion of spike(S) protein with the ACE2 host-cell receptor. Therefore, to explore conserved features in S protein dynamics and to identify potentially novel regions for drugging, we measured variability derived from 791 viral genomes and studied its properties by MD simulation. The findings indicated that S2 subunit (HR1, CH, and CD domains) showed low variability, low fluctuations in MD, and displayed a trimer cavity. By contrast, the RBD domain, which is typically targeted in drug discovery programmes, exhibits more sequence variability and flexibility. Interpretations from MD suggest that the monomer is in constant motion showing transitions up-to-down state, and the trimer cavity may function as a 'bouncing spring' that may facilitates S protein interactions with ACE2. Feasibility of trimer cavity for potential drug target was examined by SBVS screening. Several hits that have already been validated or suggested to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 virus in cell systems were identified; in particular, the data suggest an action mechanism for such molecules including Chitosan and macrolide types. These findings identify a novel binding-site formed by the S protein, that might assist in future drug discovery programmes aimed at targeting the CoV family of viruses.
Explicit Representation of SO(3) Rotation Tensor for Deformable Bodies
Authors: Sun Bohua
Published: April 2020

Computing the rotation tensor is vital in the analysis of deformable bodies. This paper describes an explicit expression for the SO(3) rotation tensor R of the deformation gradient F, and successfully establishes an intrinsic relation between the exponential mapping Q = exp A and the deformation F. As an application, Truesdell's simple shear deformation is revisited.
Pulmonary Vesicle and Bullae Formation in Patients With COVID-19: Experiences from Wuhan
Authors: Tang Hexiao , Zhang Li , Wei Yanhong , Li Changsheng , Hu Bo , Zhao Jinping , Mokadam Nahush A , Zhu Hua , Lin Jun , Tian Sufang , Zhou Xuefeng
Published: April 2020

Background: The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading globally now. However, the clinical presentation that predict prognosis of the patients are still largely unknow. Methods: We enrolled 393 patients infected with COVID-19 and 30 patients with common pulmonary bulla and reviewed their clinical features to evaluate the potential prognostic value of pulmonary vesicles, especially in the patients with severe symptoms. One COVID-19 patient with vesicles was treated by bullectomy for last resort, and its characteristics of the patient’s perioperative laboratory tests was analyzed. The pathological findings of bullectomy were described and compared with those of common bulla cases. Results: Patients infected with COVID-19 showed more dependence on ventilator, occurrence of super resistant bacteria, and prone to vesicle formation than common bulla (p<0.05). Disease severity is associated with age, sex, and usage of ventilator, ECMO and antibiotics, super resistance bacteria and vesicle formation (p<0.05). The average mortality rate of COVID-19 patients was 4.10% (25.4% in severe patients, 0.00% in mild patients). Interestingly, the mortality rate further increased in severe patients with pulmonary vesicles than those without pulmonary vesicles (35.7% vs 22.4%, p=0.0442). One COVID-19 patient with vesicles underwent bullectomy and had a poor prognosis, who showed diffuse alveolar damage and extensive necrosis in bullectomy specimen. Conclusions: Patients infected with COVID-19 are more prone to form pulmonary vesicles showed on chest CT scans, as an important poor prognosis factor, especially in the severe patients.
Relative Handgrip Strength is Inversely Associated with the Presence of Type 2 Diabetes in Overweight Elderly Women with Varying Nutritional Status
Authors: Lombardo Mauro , Padua Elvira , Campoli Francesca , Panzarino Michele , Mîndrescu Veronica , Annino Giuseppe , Iellamo Ferdinando , Bellia Alfonso
Published: April 2020

Background and Aims: We aimed to investigate cross-sectional relationships of relative handgrip strength (RHGS) with presence of diabetes and hypertension in a community setting. Methods and Results: Between 2016 and 2018, we enrolled 601 consecutive women with an average age of 70.7 ± 6.9 years (mean ± SD). Nutritional status was evaluated by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) score. Muscular strength and level of fitness were assessed by handgrip strength (HGS) and other standardized physical functional tests. The majority of participants were overweight or obese (80% with BMI > 25). Prevalence of diabetes and hypertension was 13 and 60%, respectively. Participants in the lowest quartile of HGS adjusted for BMI (RHGS) had significantly higher prevalence of diabetes and hypertension compared with those in the lower quartile (20.7 vs. 5.3% and 49.3 vs. 39.3%, respectively, p < 0.01 for both), whereas differences in nutritional status were not observed. Likelihood of having diabetes was significantly reduced in women with higher RHGS values (OR 0.77; 0.59–0.86 CI95%; p=0.002), independently of age, abdominal adiposity and presence of hypertension. RHGS was positively correlated with most of the physical functional tests performed. Conclusion: RHGS is an easy-to-obtain and inexpensive measure of muscular strength, independently associated with presence of diabetes in overweight elderly women. Prospective studies are required to assess its predictive value in individuals at risk of new onset or progression of diabetes.
The clinical outcome of concurrent speech therapy and transcranial direct current stimulation in dysarthria and palilalia following traumatic brain injury: A case study
Authors: Bayat Masumeh , Tahamtan Mahshid , Sabeti Malihe , Nami Mohammad
Published: April 2020

Purpose: Dysarthria, a neurological injury of the motor component of the speech circuitry, is of common consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Palilalia is a speech disorder characterized by involuntary repetition of words, phrases, or sentences. Based on the evidence supporting the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in some speech and language disorders, we hypothesized that using tDCS would enhances the effectiveness of speech therapy in a client with chronic dysarthria following TBI. Method: We applied the constructs of the “Be Clear” protocol, a relatively new approach in speech therapy in dysarthria, together with tDCS on a chronic subject who affected by dysarthria and palilalia after TBI. Since there was no research on the use of tDCS in such cases, regions of interest (ROIs) were identified based on deviant brain electrophysiological patterns in speech tasks and resting state compared with normal expected patterns using the Quantitative Electroencephalography (QEEG) analysis. Results: Measures of perceptual assessments of intelligibility, an important index in the assessment of dysarthria, ​​were superior to the primary protocol results immediately and 4 months after intervention. We did not find any factor other than the use of tDCS to justify this superiority. The percentage of repeated words, an index in palilalia assessment, had a remarkable improvement immediately after intervention but fell somewhat after 4 months. We justified this case with subcortical origins of palilalia. Conclusion: Our present case-based findings suggested that applying tDCS together with speech therapy may improve intelligibility in similar case profiles as compared to traditional speech therapy. To reconfirm the effectiveness of the above approach in cases with dysarthria following TBI, more investigation need to be pursued.
On the Effects of COVID-19 outbreak on the Nigerian Stock Exchange performance: Evidence from GARCH Models
Authors: Adenomon Monday Osagie , Maijamaa Bilkisu , john Daniel Owoicholofu
Published: April 2020

COVID-19 was first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and has caused huge death and has spread to almost all the parts of the world. There are speculation that most of the world economy and financial markets would be affected due to lockdown and social distancing. The first case of COVID-19 was first identified in Nigeria on 27th February 2020 and this study examines the effect of COVID-19 outbreak on the performance of the Nigeria stock exchange using historical data covering 2nd March 2015 to 16th April, 2020 sourced from a secondary source. This study considered the COVID-19 period from 2nd January 2020 to 16th April 2020, the results revealed a loss in stock returns and high volatility in stock returns under the COVID-19 period in Nigeria as against the normal period under study. In addition, Quadratic GARCH (QGARCH) and Exponential GARCH (EGARCH) models with dummy variable were applied to the stock returns shows that the COVID-19 has had negative effect on the stock returns in Nigeria. The study recommended that political and economic policy such as stable political environment, incentive to indigenous companies, diversification of the economy, flexible exchange rate regime be implemented so as to improve the financial market and to attract more and new investors to the Nigerian Stock Exchange.
COVID-19 Disease Severity Correlates with Smoking Status
Authors: Lansiaux Edouard , Pébaÿ Pierre-Philippe , Picard Jean-Laurent , Son-Forget Joachim
Published: April 2020

The novel COVID-19 disease is a contagious acute respiratory infectious disease whose causative agent has been demonstrated to be a new virus of the coronavirus family, SARS-CoV-2. Multiple studies have already reported that risk factors for severe disease include older age and the presence of at least one of several underlying health conditions. However, a recent physiopathological report and the French COVID-19 scientifific council have postulated a protective effect of tobacco smoking. We have been able to demonstrate the statistical signifificance in this regard of recent series from both China and in the US, reporting smoking status as well as disease severity (p-values of 2.27 × 10 3 and 11.7 × 10 15, respectively). Subsequently and using a Bayesian approach we have established that disease severity is positively associated with smoking status. Finally, we refute claims linking general population smoking status (N in O(108) or O(109)) to much smaller disease course series (N in O(103)). The latter point in particular is presented to stimulate academic discussion, and must be further investigated by well-designed studies.
China Neighborhood and Village Committee confront the COVID-19 Pandemic；Cultural History and Tracking back Review of Relevant Public Health Events in Last Century
Authors: Tan Huibing , Jia Yunge , Li Yinhua , Hou Wei
Published: April 2020

Managing epidemics need to unite each individual of the nations. Lockdown is an essential strategy to fatal and threatening epidemic. All of the citizens should realize that each of people has a responsibility to support the public health crisis. How to organize individual to fight against the epidemic plaque depends each of them. This essay discussed the COVID-19 pandemic relevant self-governance of community from a historical perspective in China. Self-governance of neighborhood committee and community residential office in urban and rural helped to control the COVID-19 pandemic in the communities in China. Co-operation and collective responsibility of citizens and community support is a critical condition to prevent epidemic. The community self-governance can track back Qin Dynasty in China history. It established baojia system to maintain social control for thousand years. Now, the community-based system, baojia system is becoming more autonomous for local citizenship and socialized governance in China. We reviewed a historical pneumonia plaque in North China in 1911. Chinese doctor, Wu Lien-teh (伍連德) confronted the epidemic crisis with many measures such as lockdown, quarantine, the wearing of mask, setup mobile hospitals, travel restriction, the cremation of victims, and border control. Dr. Wu made effort to establish the modern public health service in China. We think that the combination of culture background of China community with modern public healthcare system determinedly played important role to control the COVID-19 pandemic.
Acetyleugenol from Acacia nilotica (L.) exhibits a strong antibacterial activity and its phenyl and indole analogs show a promising anti-TB potential
Authors: Abdulhamid Abubakar , Adlan Talal , Ahmed Abdalla , Koua Faisal , Ismail Amar
Published: April 2020

Acetyleugenol is a phytochemical compound with broad effect against infectious diseases and tumors. Here, we extracted, characterized and elucidated the structure of acetyeugenol, for the first time, from the leaves of Acacia nilotica (L.)―a well-known medicinal plant. The broad antibacterial potential of acetyleugenol was first confirmed against seven bacterial pathogenic isolates with best activity against Proteus sp., Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcu aureus, and Streptococcus pneumonia, which showed similar or better zone of inhibition to that of the control amoxicillin. To further investigate its effect against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, acetyleugenol and its indole and phenyl analogs were subjected to molecular docking experiments against two potential tuberculosis drug targets―MtPknE and MtPknB Ser/Thr protein kinases. The results reveal that all of the analogs have improved docking scores comparing to the acetyleugenol. The indole analogs EUG-1 and EUG-3 were more effective with better docking scores for MtPknE with –11.08 and –10.05 kcal/mol, respectively. Similar results were obtained for the MtPknB. In contrast, only the EUG-2 phenyl analog has given rise to similar docking scores for both targets. This opens the door for further comprehensive studies on these acetyleugenol analogs with in vitro and in vivo experiments to validate and get more insights into their mechanisms of action.
A Primer on SARS-CoV-2 and the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mani Subramani
Published: April 2020

In this paper we first provide a primer on SARS-CoV-2 and Covid-19 delineating the etiopathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical features and the course of the disease. We then trace the evolution of the Covid-19 pandemic highlighting the characteristics of the epidemic in select countries of Europe and the US. We also project some possible trajectories for the mega cities of India based on the demographic characteristics of the cities in comparison to New York city.
Novel Mutations in the S1 domain of COVID 19 Spike Protein of Isolate from Gujarat Origin, Western India
Authors: Banerjee Arup Kumar , Begum Feroza , Thagriki Dluya , Tripathi Prem Prakash , Ray Upasana
Published: April 2020

Till date there are three full length COVID 19 virus genome sequences available from India. The earlier two were reported from Kerala, Southern India and the more recent one has been reported from Gujarat, western part of India. In this paper we report two novel mutations in the Spike protein sequence of Gujarat’s isolate. These mutations are based on comparison with the original Wuhan sequence. The two mutations have been found to be located just upstream and downstream of the receptor binding domain (RBD). Out of these two one has also been found to affect the secondary structure of the S1 domain. Since both of these mutations lie near the receptor binding domain, they might influence the spike receptor interactions by changing the conformation of the spike protein S1 domain. These mutations are uniquely placed and might be important in the context of vaccine engineering and therapeutic interventions.