bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nexus Analysis as a Tool for Investigation of Digital Literacy and Digital Competency in Using LMS Labeled to Unlock Textbook Taught at King Khalid University
Authors: Abdala Ayman Hamad Elneil Hamdan
Published: April 2023

This study investigates digital literacy and digital competency in using LMS among KKU students studying English as an intensive English course. The study is based on using nexus analysis. This study adopts a descriptive-analytical method, and the main instrument used for collecting data is a questionnaire for teachers to investigate how students can use LMS to do their homework and activities related to Unlock textbooks. The study's findings have revealed that most students use LMS professionally but feel bored because of lengthy tasks, exercises and activities which consume a long time. In addition, most of the activities, tasks and exercises do not match the textbook unit contents. The study recommends that Cambridge LMS should be loaded with tasks, exercises and activities matching the unit content, and they should not be lengthy.
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF MIXING NATURAL GAS IMPINGING JETS AND AIR DURING COMBUSTION AT A VERTICAL REFRACTORY SURFACE
Authors: Smikhula A.V. , Sigal I.Ya. , Marasin O.V. , Sigal O.I.
Published: April 2023

In the work determined the conditions for the start of chemical reactions of natural gas and air mixture at combustion on a refractory surface, when a single submerged turbulent impinging jet is fed from a natural gas collector at the angle α to the vertical refractory surface, at the relative distance L/d0 along the geometric axis of the jet. It is determined that combustion starts under the condition when the excess air coefficient in the mixture reaches about λ = 0.93, at which the laminar flame propagation velocity S°L, m/s, for a premixed mixture of methane and air is maximum. The dependence of the height of the flame Lf, m, on the relative dimensionless step of the location of the nozzles s/d0 in the row was obtained during studying the groups of gas nozzles with the supply of natural gas for combustion through them range diameters 1–3.5 mm (which are used at precent time in the construction of slot bottom burners). It was determined that the flame height of slot bottom burner during its operation on natural gas (tested for the pressure of natural gas in the collector from 2 kPa to 18 kPa, respectively, natural gas outflow velocity, WNG from about 60 m/s to 185 m/s) depends slightly on gas pressure, the relative distance L/d0 that the aerated jet of natural gas travels to the refractory surface in the range of 15 ≤ L/d0 ≤ 30 and the Reynolds number, and strongly depends from on the dimensionless step of the nozzles in the row — s/d0. It has been experimentally proven that by adjusting the dimensionless step of the nozzles (holes) s/d0 in the row of the slot bottom burner, it is possible to adjust the height of the flame and thus obtain the flame of the appropriate height for different heights of fireboxes and boilers powers. Bibl. 29, Fig. 3, Tab. 3.
Molecular characterization of endophytic fungi-Daldinia eschscholtzii from Aloe vera plants in Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmmed Md Sabbir , Sikder Md Maniruzzaman , Alam Nuhu
Published: April 2023

Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. is a plant of health, beauty and medicine that is widely used in Bangladesh with high demand. An experiment was performed to find out the association of endophytic fungus with Aloe vera leaves and to assess their growth behavior on different culture media, temperatures and pH. The endophytic fungus-Daldinia eschscholtzii (Ehrenb.) Rehm. was identified based on the morphological and molecular characterization using the ITS-rDNA sequence. Various solid culture media were used to assess the fungal growth, and temperature regimes i.e., 15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃, 35℃ were investigated. The fungal endophyte showed maximum mycelial growth on Potato Sucrose Agar followed by Potato Dextrose Agar and Carrot Agar media. Optimum growth and development of the endophyte was recorded at temperature 25 to 35℃. We observed the effect of five different pH conditions, viz., 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 on the mycelial growth of the fungus. However, the fungal endophyte was very insensitive to the pH of the substrate. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first known occurrence of D. eschscholtzii as an endophyte in Aloe vera in Bangladesh.

Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 11(1 & 2): 1-11, 2022 (June & December)
Integrated management of flea beetle and thrips on mungbean in coastal habitat
Authors: Ullah MH , Khan MMH , Latif MA , Das GP , Faruq MO
Published: April 2023

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of five IPM packages in controlling flea beetles and thrips on mungbeans. The results showed that the lowest number of flea beetles (1.67/plot), the highest reduction in flea beetle population the over control (72.17%), the lowest leaf area damaged (3.33%) and the lowest percent reduction in damaged leaf area versus control (72.99%) was recorded from plots treated with Package 2 (Virtako 80WG @ 0.15 g/L water + white sticky trap). The lowest number of thrips populations (1.00/20flowers), the highest reduction in thrips population versus control(85.0%), the lowest number of damaged flowers (2.33/plant), and the highest reduction in infested flowers over control (79.44%)observed in plots treated with Package 1 (Bioneem plus 1% EC at the rate of 1 ml/L water + white sticky trap). There was a negative correlation between the numbers of flea beetles and thrips with total yield. A negative relationship was observed between flea beetle leaf area infestation and total yield, and between thrips flower infestation and total yield from different IPM packages. This study concluded that IPM package 2 was the most effective package for controlling flea beetles and IPM package 1 was good enough for controlling thrips in mungbeans.

Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 11(1 & 2): 81-91, 2022 (June & December)
Pengaruh Earning per Share, Arus Kas Operasi, dan Nilai Buku Ekuitas terhadap Harga Saham dengan Profitabilitas sebagai Variabel Moderasi pada Perusahaan Index LQ45 yang terdaftar di BEI
Authors: Sitompul Juliyanti , Irawati Nisrul , Muluk Chairul
Published: April 2023

The objective of the research was to find out the influence of Earning per Share (EPS), Operating Cash Flow, and Book Value per Share on Stock Price in the LQ45 Index companies listed in BEI (Indonesian Stock Exchange) and to find out whether Profitability proxied by return on assets (ROA) could be used as moderating variable in this model. The research used associative causal method. The samples were 24 LQ45 companies listed in BEI (Indonesian Stock Exchange) in the period 2016-2020, taken by using purposive sampling technique. Secondary data were analyzed by using multiple linear regression analysis and interaction (moderating) test with E-views 12 software program. The result of the research showed that, partially, Earnings per Share (EPS) and Book Value per Share had positive and significant influence on stock prices while Operating Cash Flow had negative and insignificant influence on stock prices. It was also found that Return on Assets (ROA) could strengthen the correlation of Earnings per Share (EPS) with stock prices while Return on Assets (ROA) could not moderate the correlation of Operating Cash Flows and Book Value per Share with stock prices in LQ45 Index companies listed in BEI (Indonesia Stock Exchange).
Огляд окремих аналітичних моделей щодо управління в системах на основі спроможностей
Authors: Yasenko Serhii , Tkach Ivan
Published: April 2023

Мета роботи: є демонстрація зв’язності набору моделей щодо управління в системах на основі спроможностей в межах відомих теорій (теорії систем, теорія суб'єктивного аналізу).

Метод: було використано елементи теорії графів, теорії ймовірності, теорії оптимальності, сценарного підходу, моделі успішності та поняття “активної системи” з теорії суб’єктивного аналізу.

Результати дослідження: у статті сформульовано проблемну ситуацію щодо  розвитку оборонної системи країни; сформульовано задачу реформування системи оборони, як заходи з переведення системи із стану з незадовільними показниками у стан з задовільними показниками; надано формальний запис оцінки спроможності через умовні ймовірності декомпозиції загальної спроможності; надано опис формалізованого визначення завдань в межах типових сценаріїв оборонного планування; показано зв’язок між відомими моделями щодо управління в системах на основі спроможностей в межах відомих теорій (теорії систем, теорія суб'єктивного аналізу).

Теоретична цінність дослідження: в статті було показано, що моделі управління на основі спроможностей є гармонійною частиною класичних моделей теорій систем.

Практична цінність дослідження: результати роботи дозволяють значну кількість якісних досліджень у напрямку оборонного планування на основі спроможностей представити за допомогою інструментів формального аналізу.

Майбутні дослідження: в статті розглянуто виклад частини задач управління на основі спроможностей на основі лише незначної частини найбільш відомих класичних моделей теорії систем. Подальший розвиток цього напрямку досліджень пов’язаний з формалізацією практичних прикладів щодо планування і оцінювання спроможностей із застосуванням запропонованих моделей.

Тип статті: описовий, методичний.
До проблеми безпечності харчування в ЗСУ в умовах загрози радіаційного зараження
Authors: Yakymynska Liubov , Pasternak Igor , Ivanitskyi Denis
Published: April 2023

Мета роботи: аналіз можливостей превентивних заходів, які здатні мінімізувати ризики зараження продовольства в результаті техногенних катастроф, пов’язаних з обстрілами державою-терористом АЕС та інших об’єктів критичної інфраструктури, або використання Росією “брудних бомб”.

Метод: історичний метод, метод порівняння.

Результати дослідження: визначено, що додавання радіонуклідів у продукти харчування, призначені для ЗСУ, є трудомістким і неефективним процесом. З огляду на це вірогідність його використання є мінімальною. Радіоактивне зараження внаслідок вибуху ядерної бомби носитиме комплексний характер, внаслідок чого знезараження продовольства у радіоактивній зоні не матиме скільки-небудь ефективного результату.

Цінність дослідження: Продовольчі служби ЗСУ мають знати, як проводити превентивні заходи, направлені на недопущення потрапляння радіонуклідів у продукти харчування у випадку техногенної катастрофи, а також здійснювати очищення забрудненого продовольства.

Тип статті: теоретична.
Аспектація напрямів удосконалення сфери державного регулювання, експертизи та соціального страхування з охорони праці
Authors: Bochkovskyi Аndrii , Sapozhnikova Nаtalia , Kurska Tetiana
Published: April 2023

Мета роботи: аспектація напрямів підвищення ефективності державного регулювання в сфері діяльності об’єктів та проведення робіт підвищеної небезпеки, а також напрямів реформування системи соціального страхування в сфері охорони праці для стимулювання роботодавця до розвитку стану професійної безпеки на підприємстві.

Метод: аналіз науково-технічної літератури та нормативно-правових актів з охорони праці в сфері державного регулювання, експертизи діяльності об’єктів підвищеної небезпеки та соціального страхування.

Результати дослідження: розробка, в рамках методики проведення експертизи зазначених об’єктів, алгоритму дій експерта та критеріїв відповідності документації вимогам з охорони праці; встановлення вимог щодо проведення обов’язкової наочної експертизи таких об’єктів та психофізіологічної експертизи виконавців робіт підвищеної небезпеки.

Теоретична цінність дослідження: Проведено аналіз основних проблем в сфері державного регулювання діяльності об’єктів підвищеної небезпеки, а також соціального страхування.

Практична цінність. Результати дослідження можуть бути використано відповідними органами для підготовки пропозицій щодо удосконалення сфер державного регулювання діяльності об’єктів підвищеної небезпеки та соціального страхування.

Цінність дослідження: Визначено основні напрями удосконалення порядку проведення державної експертизи об’єктів підвищеної небезпеки та виконання робіт підвищеної небезпеки, а також сфери обов’язкового соціального страхування в Україні.

Майбутні дослідження: Отримані результати дослідження є основою для подальшої розробки проектів змін до нормативно-правових актів в сфері діяльності об’єктів підвищеної небезпеки та соціального страхування.

Тип статті: Концептуальний.
Теоретичні аспекти формування обрису (перспективної моделі) Збройних Сил України на основні теорії процесно-орієнтованого управління
Authors: Semenenko Oleh , Onofriichuk Petro , Motrunych Ivan , Chuhui Herman , Prokhorskyi Serhii , Petrenko Stanislav
Published: April 2023

Мета роботи: мета статті полягає у визначенні теоретичних аспектів формування обрису (перспективної моделі) Збройних Сил України на основні теорії процесно-орієнтованого управління.

Метод дослідження: основними методами досліджень є методи аналізу та синтезу; індукції та дедукції, а також історичний, термінологічний, функціональний, системний, когнітивний методи.

Результати дослідження: в статті сформовані основні теоретичні аспекти впровадження теорії процесно-орієнтованого управління в систему розвитку Збройних Сил України.

Теоретична цінність дослідження: основними результатами досліджень за тематикою статті є: розкриття теоретичних понять теорії процесно-орієнтованого управління в рамках трансформації Збройних Сил України, а також визначення поглядів щодо формування моделі клієнтського ряду Збройних України в теорії процесно-орієнтовного управління та основних стейкхолдерів Збройних Сил України в рамках формування владного та ресурсноутворюючого потенціалу.

Тип статті: теоретичний, описовий, практичний, методичний.
Сутнісна характеристика та необхідність нормативно-правового регулювання механізму управління оборонними ресурсами
Authors: Koretskyi Andriy , Sotnyk Viktoriia , Mogylevska Viktoriia , Boiko Ruslan , Kosaretskyi Yevhenii
Published: April 2023

Мета роботи: є розкриття сутності дефініцій “оборонні ресурси” та “управління оборонними ресурсами”; виділення основних проблем в теоретичній площині та напрямків їх вирішення.

Метод: основними методами дослідження є методи аналізу та синтезу, індукції та дедукції, структурного аналізу.

Результати дослідження: В умовах обмеженості та нестачі оборонних ресурсів виникає ряд питань, які стосуються системи їх управління, оптимального розподілу та ефективного використання. Для того, щоб всі прийняті керівництвом країни рішення могли ефективно реалізуватися спочатку варто виокремити всі види ресурсів, які для цього необхідні, нормативно узгодити положення в керівних документах, які їх стосуються та виділити проблеми в науково-теоретичному апараті, які в подальшому впливають на ефективність системи управління оборонними ресурсами.

Теоретична цінність дослідження: подальші дослідження будуть спрямовані на втілення прийнятих змін в теоретичних питаннях в практичну площину з виділенням відповідних пропозицій щодо їх вирішення.

Тип статті: описовий,  методичний.
Results of Using Optical Simulators “Zenitsa” for the Treatment of Myopia in School Settings
Authors: Korepanov A. V. , Lyalin A. N. , Korepanova O. A. , Rychkova A. V. , Terekhina D. I.
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Acquired myopia (AM) is currently a growing medical and social concern as it is associated with a steadily increasing number of myopic students, early onset of its development, rapid progression and further complications. The main cause of AM is considered to be the depletion of the visual system adaptive capabilities because of too much near vision. According to the adaptation theory, it is necessary to create a high stable level of adaptive reserves of the visual system in order to normalize the process of refractive development in AM. Treatment methods of AM aimed to increase the efficacy and adaptive capabilities of eyes include optical reflex exercises. These exercises in particular using Zenitsa optical simulators compare favorably with other methods due to their physiological and pathogenetic orientation of the action mechanisms.

Purpose. To study the features of using optical simulators “Zenitsa” for the treatment of acquired myopia in school settings and the dynamics of myopic process course.

Material and methods. The group of 25 elementary students (50 eyes, the average age was 9.05 ± 0.72 years) with mild myopia was identified by random sampling. The study was conducted from November to December 2021. 95% of children had asthenopic complaints and 85% of students had a hereditary predisposition to it. The examination included questionnaire, visiometry, skiascopy, ophthalmoscopy, a measure of subjective refraction and relative accommodation reserves, a study of binocular stability of visual perception to hypermetropic retinal defocus. The course of treatment included 10 sessions that were carried out in school settings. We used seven simulators “Zenitsa” each of different optical strength.

Results. After the treatment with the use of optical simulators, visual acuity improved on average from 0.58 to 0.67 (P < 0.01). Subjective refraction decreased from (-)1.48 ± 1.1 to 1.28 ± 1.08 D, by an average of 0.20 D (P < 0.01). Relative accommodation reserves increased from 2.33 ± 0.84 to 3.17 ± 1.07 D, by an average of 0.84 D (P < 0.01). Binocular stability of visual perception increased by an average of 1.5 D that is 15% of the initial level. The value of visual resolution increased by an average of 7.2%.

Conclusion. The use of optical simulator “Zenitsa” sets significantly improves the performance of accommodation and vergence and increases the level of visual system adaptive capabilities in whole.
Comparative analysis of local cytokine profile and corneal regenerator process after LASIK and Femto-LASIK surgery
Authors: Khadzhimukhamedov B. B. , Mirrahimova S. Sh. , Bakhritdinova F. A. , Maksudova Z. R.
Published: April 2023

Introduction. The existing data in the scientific literature on the role of cytokines as a special biological system, a function of which is the local regulation of regeneration, justifies the relevance of research task in this direction.

Purpose: to study changes of the cytokines concentration in the lacrimal fluid in patients after excimer laser vision correction with LASIK and Femto-LASIK surgery and its correlation with postoperative patients’ parameters.

Methods. The study included 20 patients (40 eyes) with mild myopia and compound myopic astigmatism. The prospective study was carried out in January-August 2022. The patients were divided into 2 groups. In the comparison group (n = 10, 20 eyes) patients underwent LASIK surgery, in the main one (n = 10, 20 eyes) – Femto-LASIK. During the study, the tear fluid was taken and its further biochemical study was carried out to determine the level of cytokines: IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α.

Results. In the main group, frequency detection of the cytokine IL-1β that is the main pro-inflammatory agent was 80%. In the comparison group it was detected in 90% of the tear fluid samples. Mean IL-1β values were the highest in the comparison LASIK group. Mean TNF-α scores were the highest in the comparison LASIK group. In the same time, differences of the average values between the main and comparison groups were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Mean IL-8 values were the highest in the main group who underwent Femto-LASIK surgery.

Conclusion. The course of regenerative process in patients after excimer laser vision correction depends on concentration of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-8. Based on this, a higher level of the pro-inflammatory cytokines in the lacrimal fluid determines the prolongation of pain relief and epithelialization after surgery.
Review of foreign scientific publications
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: April 2023

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On the anniversary of Zulfiya Ruzimatovna Maksudova
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: April 2023

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Новое в законодательстве
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: April 2023

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Multimodal prerehabilitation for elderly patients with sarcopenia in colorectal surgery
Authors: Wu Jingting , Chi Hannah , Kok Shawn , Chua Jason M.W. , Huang Xi-Xiao , Zhang Shipin , Mah Shimin , Foo Li-Xin , Peh Hui-Yee , Lee Hui-Bing , Tay Phoebe , Tong Cherie , Ladlad Jasmine , Tan Cheryl H.M. , Khoo Nathanelle , Aw Darius , Chong Cheryl X.Z. , Ho Leonard M.L. , Sivarajah Sharmini S. , Ng Jialin , Tan Winson J.H. , Foo Fung-Joon , Teh Bin-Tean , Koh Frederick H.
Published: April 2023

Sarcopenia, which is characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, has been well described to be associated with numerous poor postoperative outcomes, such as increased perioperative mortality, postoperative sepsis, prolonged length of stay, increased cost of care, decreased functional outcome, and poorer oncological outcomes in cancer surgery. Multimodal prehabilitation, as a concept that involves boosting and optimizing the preoperative condition of a patient prior to the upcoming stressors of a surgical procedure, has the purported benefits of reversing the effects of sarcopenia, shortening hospitalization, improving the rate of return to bowel activity, reducing the costs of hospitalization, and improving quality of life. This review aims to present the current literature surrounding the concept of sarcopenia, its implications pertaining to colorectal cancer and surgery, a summary of studied multimodal prehabilitation interventions, and potential future advances in the management of sarcopenia.
Operational Capacity of County Governments to Plan on Performance of Devolved Health Sector in Kenya
Authors: Mutangili Cornelius , Waiganjo Esther , Njeru Agnes
Published: April 2023

In Kenya, devolution of health services has resulted in the decentralization of many health services from the national government to local governments in order to improve the health of citizens. Despite political support of such a system and initiatives to increase devolution, the performance of the devolved health sector in Kenya has not improved as expected. The was meant to determine how citizen participation influence organizational performance of devolved health care sector in Kenya. The current study utilized cross-sectional research design because it involved the collection of data in 47 counties across the country and focused on several selected officials who gave information regarding governance factors influencing devolved health care sector in Kenya. Since the study utilized census sampling, the 47 county referral hospitals were targeted. Further purposive sampling was used to arrive at the 188 selected respondents who became the sample size of the study. Descriptive statistics was used to outline the fundamental characteristics regarding the collected information in the research. The study combined the elements of both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection. The primary data was collected using questionnaires whose content was appropriate to test the hypothesis and address the research questions.  Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) data analysis software package was employed to examine the quantitative data using the descriptive statistics. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) table techniques and beta coefficient tables were utilized in the presentation of regression analysis outcomes. The findings of the study revealed that operational capacity of county governments to plan and management transparency had positive significant relationship with organizational performance of devolved health care sector. The findings suggest that there is need for the health care sector function to be devolved to the counties to allow for more citizen inclusivity in decision making, timely response to health care needs and government planning.
Spaceborne radar identification of desert regions as suppliers of dust into the atmosphere
Authors: Ivanov Viktor , Matveyev Aleksandr , Tsymbal Valeriy , Yatsevich Sergey , Bychkov Dmytro
Published: April 2023

Atmosphere dust represents a mixture of minute particles of various salts and minerals. Also it contains remains of animal and vegetable organisms, spores of causative organisms and so forth. The dust is carried by winds over considerable distances and its presence in the atmosphere is among the factors which have essential influence on the global climate of the Earth. At present the Aeolian processes and their consequences are monitored from space using multispectral optical systems (TOMS, METEOSAT, MODIS etc.) only. These are not capable of reliable identification of the areas themselves that are sources of raising the dust in the atmosphere independently of the cloudiness, solar illumination and transparency of the atmosphere. This problem can be solved with the use of space radar systems of the Earth remote sensing. The paper presents the first results of the development of a radar technique of identification of desert regions in which dust from the surface is transported up into the atmosphere under the action of Aeolian processes. The work was performed using data of Earth remote sensing SAR Envisat-1 obtained over deserts of Mauritania. Specific features of display of the narrow-beam backscattering of radio waves in radar images in dependence on the surface wind speed and direction and direction of radar illumination of the surface. It is concluded that the radar means of remote sensing represent an efficient tool for detecting regions of dust raise into the atmosphere. Results of the study can be used for the development of new methods of remote monitoring of the processes in desert areas that affect the climate of vast regions of the Earth.
Modeling of radar scattering by aeolian desert landforms
Authors: Matweev Oleksandr , Velichko Sergey , Bychkov Dmytry , Ivanov Viktor , Tsymbal Valery
Published: April 2023

In order to identify the origin of the effect of anomalously narrowly-directional backscattering of radio waves (ANDBR) of the X-band in desert areas, the work describes a complex analysis of many years of research in the Sahara desert regions. According to the results of the analysis, which was carried out using the SAR radar data of the Envisat-1 satellite, results of contact measurements, weather conditions and taking into account modern theories, the characteristics of the scattering of radio waves by the aeolian landforms of the desert were modeled. A new model of anomalous backscatter is proposed, according to which the main scatterer towards the radar is a grid formed by the wind from electrified saltons and reptons at a height of 2–3 cm from the surface and repeating the landform of ripples and barchans. The new model made it possible to explain the main features of experimental studies of the ANDBR effect. Namely: the dependence of the normalized radar cross-section (NRCS) of the researched terrain on the near-surface wind speed up to 10 m/s with opposite directions of the wind and radar survey vectors, as well as with their mutual azimuthal deviation of ±45 degrees. By using the new model, satellite monitoring of the near-surfacelayer moisture of the Earth desert regions at 3 cm and 5.6 cm radio wave length swith radar viewing angles is proposed.

Keywords: radar remote sensing, desert monitoring, anomalously narrowly-directional backscattering, sand electrified layer.
Determination of perspective objects for oil and gas exploration in the Krasnopavlovsk-Hrushivsk transverse zone of the Dnipro graben, using a complex of geological-geophysical, morphometric and remote sensing methods
Authors: Yesipovich Stanislav , Rybak Olena , Bondarenko Alla , Holovashchuk Olena
Published: April 2023

The location of predictive and prospective objects for the oil and gas deposits exploration within the Krasnopavlovsk-Hrushivsk zone is substantiated, using a complex of geological-geophysical, morphometric and remote sensing methods. The data of the geodynamic scale of cyclicity for the Phanerozoic are used, which are consistent with the structural-facies complexes (SFC) identified by V.K. Havrysh for the Dnieper-Donets Rift (DDR). The region of articulation with Donbass has a sickle shape, and it is to it that the wedging zones of anomalous Early Permian deposits, described by I.I. Demyanenko, gravitate. The Permian period of the development of the Earth's crust is the beginning of the Alpine stage of the expansion of the planet, the rocks of which (early Permian) are characterized by excellent accumulation properties, as well as the subsequent layers of the late Triassic and early Cretaceous. Complex processing of the remotely sensed data and seismic exploration within the area of the Lozova-Shebelinka-Staropokrivka regional seismic profile made it possible to identify promising objects exactly within its boundaries of the field of scattered waves, using mapping of non-structural information.
Abnormal Blood Pressure Load by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitor as a Predictor for Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Hypertensive Patients.
Authors: Aldabbagh Laith Abdulhussein , Hmood Abdulhamza Rajooj
Published: April 2023

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the accuracy of ambulatory blood pressure load as a predictor for LVH in comparison with echo in hypertensive patients.
Methodology: We report ECG, echo study, and then ABPM findings in 53 individuals during 1 year. All of the referred subjects were hypertensive with variable socio-demographic characteristics.
Results: We found 31 patients having LVH on echo study; most of them were male and significantly correlated with duration of hypertension, average 24-hours SBP and DBP, mean day-time and mean night-time SBP and DBP, and with the circadian rhythm. The association between LVH and BP load was also significant.
Discussion: Echo was more sensitive than ECG in detecting LVH and ABPM was rather more sensitive than echo. The study had found that BP load measurement had very high sensitivity with an acceptable specificity and an excellent negative predictive value in rolling out LVH. The association between LVH and parameters of ABPM was also significant.
Conclusions: Abnormalities on ABPM are very common in hypertensives and are strongly indicated to identify the BP profile.
Recommendations: ABPM was more sensitive than ECG and echo study in the detection of LVH. Echo, on the other hand is rather more sensitive than ECG for the same purpose. Male hypertensive should be offered an ABPM at every opportunity for early detection of LVH.
Comparison of Post-Operative Outcomes Predicted By Ultrasonic and Optic Biometry after Phacoemulsification
Authors: Mazhry Zia ul , Hassan Faiza , Abdullah Muhammad , Asif Laiba
Published: April 2023

Purpose:  To compare postoperative refractive outcomes predicted by ultrasonic and optical biometry after phacoemulsification.
Study Design:  Descriptive observational.
Place and Duration of Study:  WAPDA Teaching Hospital and Acuity Eye Center in Lahore Pakistan from January 2022 to May 2022.
Methods:  The study included 59 eyes with cataracts and required phacoemulsification and implantation of a foldable intraocular lens. They were divided into two groups; (29 in the ultrasonic biometry group and 30 in the optical biometry group). The first group was subjected to ultrasound biometry, whereas the second was subjected to optical biometry. We compared ocular refractions following cataract surgery in two groups. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the mean absolute refractive error (MAE). The operating surgeon was the same in both the groups.
Results:  All the participants were between 40 and 70 years of age. The preoperative mean target refraction in the ultrasonic group was 0.05 ± 0.13D (range: -0.01 to + 0.17D) and 0.12 ± 0.33D in the optical group (range:-0.01 to +0.49D). Thus, there was a non-significant difference between both groups regarding target refraction(P = 0.58, U = 398.5). The MAE measured for the first group was 0.14 ± 0.46D and for the second group was 0.60 ± 0.53D. The comparison between both the biometry procedures showed that the difference was non-significant between the biometry methods (P = 0.430).
Conclusion:  The difference between Post-Operative MAE of patients undergoing two different biometry procedures (Optical and Ultrasonic) after cataract surgery was non-significant at P > 0.05.
A Novel Technique of Suturing Sclerotomy in Pars Plana Vitrectomy
Authors: Muaz Abdullah , Jamil Ahmad Zeeshan , Jamil Muhammad Hannan , Rizwan Muhammad , Iqbal Kashif
Published: April 2023

Purpose:  To describe a new technique of suturing sclerotomy after 23- gauge pars plana vitrectomy using10 – 0 nylon suture with releasable knot.
Study Design:  Quasi experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Sahiwal Teaching Hospital, Sahiwal, from January 2022 to June 2022.
Methods:  10 – 0 nylon sutures with releasable knots were applied to close the sclerotomy after 23 – gauge pars plana vitrectomy in 100 cases. Complications like hypotony and wound leakage were recorded. Intra ocular pressures on 1st post-operative day and after 1 week were monitored. Inflammation at suture site, pain experienced by the patient and surgeon’s convenience of suture removal under a slit lamp after 1 week were documented.
Results:  Patients included 58 women and 42 men. Post-operatively, there was no wound leakage and hypotony in any patient, with mean intra ocular pressure of 13.5 ± 2.0 mmHg on 1st post-operative day and 17.6 ± .0.5 mmHg after 1 week of surgery. In 4% cases inflammation was observed at suture site. The mean pain score, measured according to visual analogue scale, at post-operative day 1 and day 7 was 1.25 ± 1.19 and 1.08 ± 0.99 respectively. No discomfort was reported during removal of releasable sutures in 96% of the patients. Surgeon found it convenient to remove the sutures under slit lamp illumination.
Conclusion:  Closure of 23 – gauge sclerotomy using nylon 10 – 0 suture with releasable knot is a useful option. It prevents post-operative wound leakage and hypotony.
Exploring the Assessment Tool ICO OSCAR. A Comparison of Reliability of Whole of the Operation with Its Parts
Authors: Shoaib Khawaja Khalid , Scopes Judy , Mubarik Zunaira , Azhar Fiza , Mehmud Amna
Published: April 2023

Purpose:  To compare the reliability of Ophthalmology Surgical Competency Assessment Rubric (ICO-OSCAR: phaco) between assessment of whole of the operation and its parts.
Study Design:  Mixed method study design.
Place and Duration of Study:  Mughal Eye Hospital, Lahore from January 2020 to January 2021.
Methods:  Three raters assessed six anonymized phaco video operations with the help of ICO OSCAR phaco first as whole operations and then as parts of the operation. Inter rater reliability of the assessments of parts of the operation were compared with inter rater reliability of whole of the operation. Intra class coefficient (ICC) was used in SPSS – version 20. Raters also filled a survey form to detect how satisfied they were with the rubric. Raters’ feedback was taken to describe shortcomings/faults found during the use of ICO OSCAR phaco form.
Results:  In the quantitative part, the ICC for the combined parts of the operation (0.910) was better than the value of ICC for the whole operation (0.904). In the questionnaire part, raters were satisfied with ICO OSCAR phaco rubric as a useful tool for learning and assessment of phacoemulsification surgical skills. In the qualitative part, many deficiencies were observed by the assessors in the rubric during videos analysis with the rubric ICO OSCAR phaco. This rubric is more accurate for assessment of operations in the operation theater.
Conclusion:  Parts of the operations can be used instead of the whole operations for the assessment of surgical skills of phacoemulsification with the help of ICO OSCAR phaco rubric. For assessment of videos, it requires some modifications as it is more valid for the assessment of surgical skills during live surgery than in operation theater.
Correlation between Central Corneal Thickness and Intraocular Pressure: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Alberta Ivana Beatrice , Ernawati Titiek , Rofiq Rofiqi
Published: April 2023

Purpose:  To find out correlation between Central Corneal Thickness (CCT) and Intra Ocular Pressure (IOP).
Study Design:  Observational Correlational study.
Place and Duration of Study:  This study was conducted in Ophthalmology Clinic Primasatya Husada Citra Hospital Surabaya from September 2021 to October 2021.
Methods:  One hundred and fifteen subjects were selected through consecutive sampling. Patients of 20-60 years age and visiting ophthalmology clinic were included. Patients with history of glaucoma, hypertension, body mass index (BMI) above 30 kg/m2, under steroid treatment (topical, systemic, peri ocular, inhalation), undergone eye surgery including corneal and refractive surgery,  smoker (> 100 cigarettes in his/her life and is still smoking), Alcoholic (> 1 time/month), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and myopia (> 6 diopters) were excluded. Association between CCT and IOP was calculated using Pearson's correlation coefficient.
Results:  A total 115 patients were included, 69 (60%) females and 46 (40.0%) males. Mean age was 35.78 ± 11.64 years old. Mean CCT was 550.26 ± 31.66 µm and 551.43 ± 34.92 µm for right and left eye respectively. IOP was 16.06 ± 3.71 mmHg and 15.76 ± 3.52 mmHg in right and left eyes respectively. There was a moderate positive relationship of CCT and IOP. There was a good relationship between right and left “IOP (R = 0.830, p = 0.000) and CCT (R = 0.856, p = 0.000).”
Conclusion:  CCT had a moderate positive correlation with IOP (right eyes: R = 0.355, p = 0.000; left eyes: R = 0.381, P = 0.000). There is a positive relationship between CCT and IOP in both eyes (p = 0.000).
Assessment of Safety, Efficacy and Predictability of a Trifocal Intraocular Lens
Authors: Girgis Marian , Osman Amr , Eissa Sherif A. , Anis Mohamed , Barrada Omar A. , Hasaballah Mohamed
Published: April 2023

Purpose:  To evaluate the performance and the visual outcomes of Acrysof PanOptix trifocal IOL in terms of safety, efficacy, predictability and assessment of the quality of vision after implantation as regards; contrast sensitivity and ocular aberrations.
Study Design:  Quasi experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study:  Dar el Ouyon hospital and Rowad Correction Center, Egypt, from September 2019 and January 2020.
Methods:  Forty eyes of twenty-one patients with senile cataract were included by convenient sampling. All eyes underwent phacoemulsification with IOL implantation. They were divided into two groups; group A included twenty eyes of eleven patients who were implanted AcrySof IQ PanOptix trifocal IOL Model TFNT00. Group B included twenty eyes of ten patients who were implanted monofocal AcrySof IOLs as a control group. A questionnaire was given to every patient after explaining to him\her the questions in Arabic, and clarifying the aim of evaluation.
Results:  Mean age was 56.6 ± 6.9 years in group A and 62.8 ± 7.1 years in group B, range 50 – 70 (P = 0.861). We found statistical significant difference between both groups with group A showing better post operative uncorrected distance, intermediate, near, and best corrected near visual acuity (P values were 0.001, 0.556, 0.001, 0.177, 0.001, 0.001 respectively). Group B showed statistically significant better post operative contrast sensitivity compared to group A.
Conclusion:  In this study, Acrysof PanOptix trifocal IOL showed excellent safety, efficacy, predictability and spectacle independence at all distances, However, contrast sensitivity was compromised in comparison to the monofocal group.
Outcomes of Intravitreal Bevacizumab Combined with Suprachoroidal Triamcinolone Acetonide in Central Retinal Vein Occlusion with Macular Edema
Authors: Salah-ud-din  , Jan Sanaullah , Mahsood Yousaf Jamal , Shahnam Tariq , Khalil Zia-ud-Din
Published: April 2023

Purpose:  To determine the outcomes of intravitreal Bevacizumab 1.25 mg in 0.05 ml combined with supra-choroidal triamcinolone acetonide 0.05 ml in terms of safety and efficacy, while treating macular edema associated with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).
Study Design:  Interventional case series.
Place and Duration of Study:  This study was conducted at ophthalmology department of Hayatabad medical complex, Peshawar from July 2021 to December 2021.
Methods:  Total 34 patients of CRVO with macular edema were included in the study. After complete ocular examination each patient received one injection of intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.05 ml) along with supra-choroidal triamcinolone acetonide (2 mg/0.05 ml), followed by similar monthly injections for two months. Visual acuity and central macular thickness and intra-ocular pressure (IOP) were assessed at presentation and then monthly for 3 months. Visual acuity was measured in Log-MAR, central foveal thickness on SD-OCT and IOP was measured with Goldmann Applanation Tonometer. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 24. For comparison of means, the paired-t test was used. A significance level of <0.05 was set for significance.
Results:  There were 22 (64.7%) males and 12 (35.5%) females. Mean age of the patients was 53.18 ± 13.39 years. Central foveal thickness decreased significantly at 3 months post treatment (p ˂ 0.001). Visual acuity also significantly increased from presentation to 3rd month post treatment (p ˂ 0.001), and the intra-ocular pressure remained within normal range from presentation to 3rd month post treatment.
Conclusion:  Both supra-choroidal triamcinolone acetonide and intravitreal bevacizumab are safe and effective in the treatment of macular edema secondary to CRVO.
Ophthalmic Presentation of Lipoid Proteinosis in Iraqi Siblings: Case Report
Authors: Ali Nema Abushnein  , Khitam Fakhir Alhasseny
Published: April 2023

The present study highlights the clinical manifestations, progression, and conservative treatment of lipoid proteinosis in two patients from an Iraqi family. An abnormal buildup of glycoprotein in numerous organs is known as lipoid proteinosis (LP), an autosomal recessive disorder. Hoarseness of speech, skin lesions, scars, papules that bead up around the eyelids, are all potential symptoms. Epilepsy and neuropsychiatric diseases can result from calcifications of brain tissue. In this paper, two cases of 13 and 15-yearold Iraqi family siblings (born to consanguineous parents) are reported. They were presented to Ibn Al-Haithem Hospital with hoarseness and characteristic symptomatic moniliform eyelid lesions. Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. Though ocular involvement in LP is rare, ophthalmologists may encounter diverse ocular complications. With the exception of possible acute respiratory or neurological sequelae, the disease runs a slowly progressive but otherwise benign course. The rarity of this disease motivated this report.
Evaluation of the effects of electronic cigarettes on the tear film of Smokers using Keratograph and SM Tube
Authors: Alshammeri Saleh
Published: April 2023

Purpose:  To evaluate the effects of e-cigarettes on tear film by comparing the tear film parameters of smokers and non-smokers using Keratograph and SM Tube.
Study Design:  Cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study:   Qasim University, from Saudi Arabia.
Methods:  A total of 60 males of age group 20 – 38 years were divided into three groups (Twenty non-smokers, 20 tobacco smokers and 20 vapor users). After consent, dry eye symptoms questionnaire was given to the participants. Four different test parameters through the Keratograph (5M JENVIS). Tear meniscus height, non-invasive tear break-up time, ocular redness and lipid layer thickness were measured. The new strip menis cometry tube (SM Tube) was used to test tear production. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) with p value of less than 0.05 considered as significant.
Results:  The average tear breakup time was significantly decreased in both smokers and vapors group (10.15 ± 1.92 and 10.25 ± 2.65 respectively) than in nonsmokers (13.35 ± 2.36). There was also statistically significant difference in tear meniscus height, redness and lipid layer thickness between e-smokers and non-smokers(p > 0.05). The difference in these parameters was statistically non-significant between smokers and e-cigarette users.
Conclusion:  E-cigarettes cause low tear breakup time, less tear volume and other dry eye parameters, which leads to dry eye. There is a need for strict checks and balances on E-cigarette consumption for controlling cases of vision impairments related with e-cigarettes.
Challenging the Dogma – It Takes 5 Years for Visual Field Defects to Appear After Glaucoma Damage
Authors: Zia Rashid , Ali Kashif
Published: April 2023

Recently, I had an opportunity to observe a postgraduate evaluation. One of the questions was; how long does it take for a visual field defect to appear in glaucoma? The favoured answer was 5 years. This led me to ponder on the authenticity of this commonly taught concept.
      Conceptually, all glaucoma patients progress, albeit at different rates and their rate of change is the most objective measure to guide treatment decisions and interventions. A rate of progression resulting in significant decrease in vision related quality in a patient's lifetime requires expert input and many a times an aggressive management.
Development of the cassette seal for the wheel bearing
Authors:   Klebanov J.M. Murashkin V.V. Kondratev M.I. Aleksandrova M.YU. Adeyanov I.E. Kichaev P.E.
Published: April 2023

The mechanical characteristics and design features of a three-comb cassette seal of a wheel bearing are analyzed. NBR70 nitrile butadiene rubber was tested and a finite element analysis of the stress-strain state of the seal was performed. The ratios of axial and radial interferences are determined, which ensure the tightness of the bearing and minimize the moment of resistance to rotation.
Keywords: seal, bearing, hyperelastic properties, finite element method.
jklebanov@mail.ru, kris-maks@mail.ru, adigorev@gmail.com, kichaevp@yandex.ru
Determination of the properties of lubricant additives operating under boundary friction conditions
Authors:   Kokhanovsky V.A. Mayba I.A. Glazunov D.V.
Published: April 2023

Sodium silicate and sodium hydroorthophosphate dissolved in glycerin are tested on an ИИ-5018 friction machine during sliding under boundary friction conditions. The dependences of the change in the friction force on normal loads and the coefficient of friction on the sliding speed are obtained. The optimal composition of the lubricant with a complex of additives is determined.
Keywords: friction machine, laboratory tests, lubricant, coefficient of friction, additive.
vkohan@yandex.ru, mia@rgups.ru, glazunovdm@yandex.ru
Computer simulation of heating and cooling processes of power elements made of ТН-1 alloy
Authors:   Alehina V.K. Chernikov D.G. Zvonov S.YU.
Published: April 2023

The types of heating and cooling of power elements made of a material with a shape memory effect, in particular, a power drive made of ТН-1 alloy, are considered. Computer modeling of wire, plate and rod power elements and heat transfer processes are performed. Variants of cyclic operation of power elements are proposed.

Keywords
power drive, shape memory effect, simulation, heating, cooling.
alekhina.vk@ssau.ru
Control of milling of highly hard workpieces
Authors:   Mokritskiy  B.  Ya.,  Skripilev  A.  A.
Published: April 2023

The processing of workpieces with a hardness of 65 HRC by foreign and domestic cutters is considered. It is established that processing is possible with the right choice of tool, its material and geometry, and cutting mode parameters. The fulfillment of these conditions allows you to control the effectiveness of processing by the period of tool life.

Keywords: milling cutter, tool life, machining, highly hard material.
boris@knastu.ru
Production of composite materials based on titanium and molybdenum by hot rolling
Authors:   Mahmudov K.D. Sanaev N.K. Salnitskiy F.A.
Published: April 2023

The production of composite layered materials from titanium and molybdenum, from titanium and molybdenum wire by hot rolling in vacuum is considered. The rolling conditions and the results of mechanical tests of the obtained composite materials are presented.
Keywords: composite layered material, titanium, molybdenum, molybdenum wire, deformation, vacuum, package.
kas_kktompim@dstu.ru, nurik909@mail.ru, fed40@yandex.ru