bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trend and predictors of change of unmet need for family planning among reproductive age women in Ethiopia, based on Ethiopian demographic and health survey from 2005-2016: Multivariate decomposition analysis
Authors: Tareke Abiyu Abadi , Bekele Ermias
Published: April 2021

Background: Family planning is a key method for reducing population growth and improving maternal and child health by spacing births and preventing unwanted pregnancies. have an unmet need for family planning is defined as women believed to be sexually involved but are not using some form of contraception, either do not want to have more children (Limiting) or want to delay their next birth for at least two years, (Spacing).Methods: The data for this study arrived from the Ethiopia Demographic Health Surveys in 2005, 2011, and 2016 to investigate trends and Predictors of change of unmet need for family planning among reproductive age women in Ethiopia. A pooled weighted sample of 26,230 (7761 in 2005, 9136 in 2011 and 9,333 in 2016 Ethiopian demographic health surveys) reproductive-age women used for this study. For the overall trend (2005-2016) multivariate decomposition analysis for non-linear response outcome was calibrated to identify the factors contributed to the change of unmet need for family planning. The Logit based multivariate decomposition analysis utilizes the output from the logistic regression model to assign the observed change in in unmet need for family planning over time into two components. Stata version 16.0 was used to analysis the data.Result: among reproductive age women in Ethiopia the magnitude of unmet need for family planning decreased from 39.6% in 2005 to 23.6% in 2016. From the decomposition analysis change of unmet need for family planning was due to change in characteristics and coefficients. About nine in ten changes in unmet need for family planning was attributable to the difference in coefficients. Factors that associated with the change of unmet need for family planning over the last 11 years were educational status, birth order, and desired number of children.Conclusion: Remarkable change in unmet need for FP was observed between the period of 2005 and 2016. Both change in characteristics and coefficient were the contributing to observed change. Majority of the change in unmet need for FP was due to difference in coefficient over the study period. Mainly the change of unmet need for FP was due to change in women having birth order of five and above, having secondary education and women who desired number of children below five.
Effects of Epinephrine on Gastric Adenocarcinoma and Brain Glioblastoma Cancer Cells
Authors: Shafaroudi Majid Malekzadeh , Rezaei Nourollah , Noori Abbas , Zarei Hooman , Akhtari Javad , kenari Saeed Abedian , Shafaroudi Ali Malekzadeh
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Gastric cancer is the third cause of death in all malignancies and the fifth most common neoplasm resulting from a combination of specific genetic alteration and environmental factors. Chronic stress can also promote brain tumor cell proliferation and leads to brain metastasis highly resistant to chemotherapy. Catecholamines, norepinephrine, and epinephrine impact neurochemistry and endocrine and immune system functions. The present study investigated the effect of different epinephrine concentrations and β-adrenergic receptor antagonists (propranolol) on proliferation, viability, and adhesion of gastric adenocarcinoma and brain glioblastoma cells.Material and methods: The human gastric cancer AGS cells and glioblastoma, U87 cell lines were obtained from the Iranian Biological Resource Center (Tehran, Iran) and cultured in RPMI-1640 culture medium supplements. The studied cells were categorized into the nine groups following treatment with epinephrine and propranolol. Wound healing assay (proliferation), Adhesion assay, and cell viability were performed on each group. Graph Pad Prism 6 was used for the statistical analysis. Results: Proliferation, Viability, cytotoxicity, and adhesion of both cell lines changed under epinephrine agonism in the presence and absence of propranolol (P value<0.001). Epinephrine enhanced the proliferation of both AGS and U87 cells in physiological concentrations, decreased adhesion and viability, and increased cytotoxicity in pharmacological concentrations.Conclusion: Using a combination of epinephrine and chemotherapy agents in the right stage of developing tumors may have more substantial effects on destroying cancer cells, obtaining the patient's recovery with less repetition of chemotherapy sessions, and curing high-grade cancer tumors.
Effect of Letrozole on hippocampal let-7 microRNAs and their correlation with working memory and phosphorylated Tau protein level in an Alzheimer's disease rat model
Authors: Moustafa Nada Alaa , El-Sayed Mohammed Abdelhamed , Abdallah Somia Hassan , Hazem Noha M. , Abdelmoety Doaa Attia
Published: April 2021

Let-7 microRNAs may contribute to neurodegeneration, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), but, they were not investigated in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced AD. Letrozole increases the expression of Let-7 in cell lines, with conflicting evidence regarding its effects on memory. This study examined Let-7 microRNAs in STZ-induced AD, their correlation with memory and hyperphosphorylated Tau (p-Tau) and the effects of Letrozole on them. Seven groups of adult Sprague Dawley rats were used: Intact, Letrozole, Letrozole Vehicle, STZ (with AD induced by intracerebroventricular injection of STZ in artificial CSF), CSF Control, STZ + Letrozole (STZ-L), and CSF + Letrozole Vehicle. Alternation percentage in T-maze was used as a measure of working memory. Let-7a, b and e and p-Tau levels in the hippocampus were estimated using qRT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. There were significant decreases in alternation percentage and increase in p-Tau in the STZ, Letrozole and STZ-L groups. Expression levels of all studied microRNAs were significantly elevated in the Letrozole and the STZ + L groups, with no difference between the two, suggesting that this elevation was due to Letrozole. Negative correlations were found between alternation percentage and the levels of all studied microRNAs, while positive ones were found between p-Tau concentration and the levels of studied microRNAs. These findings support the theory that Letrozole aggravates pre-existing lesions and add to the evidence of Let-7 neurotoxicity.
Premature differentiation of nephron progenitors and dysregulation of gene pathways critical to kidney development in a model of preterm birth
Authors: Cwiek Aleksandra , Suzuki Masako , deRonde Kimberly , Conaway Mark , Bennett Kevin , Dahr Samir El , Reidy Kimberly , Charlton Jennifer
Published: April 2021

Preterm birth is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity. Survivors have a greater risk for kidney dysfunction and hypertension. Little is known about the molecular changes that occur in the kidney of individuals born preterm. Here, we demonstrate that mice delivered two days prior to full term gestation undergo premature cessation of nephrogenesis, resulting in a lower glomerular density. Kidneys from preterm and term groups exhibited differences in gene expression profiles at 20- and 27-days post-conception, including significant differences in expression of fat-soluble vitamin-related genes. Kidneys of the preterm mice exhibited decreased proportions of endothelial cells and a lower expression of genes promoting angiogenesis compared to the term group. Kidneys from the preterm mice also had altered nephron progenitor subpopulations, early Six2 depletion, and altered Jag1 expression in the nephrogenic zone, consistent with premature differentiation of nephron progenitor cells. In conclusion, preterm birth alone was sufficient to shorten the duration of nephrogenesis and cause premature differentiation of nephron progenitor cells. These candidate genes and pathways may provide targets to improve kidney health in preterm infants.
Novel Paenibacillus sp. Strains From the Perennial Ryegrass Seed Microbiome Reveal Bioprotectant and Biofertiliser Activity - Differentiating Similar Strains via Genomics and Transcriptomics
Authors: Li Tongda , Mann Ross , Kaur Jatinder , Spangenberg German , Sawbridge Timothy
Published: April 2021

Paenibacillus species are Gram-positive bacteria that have been isolated from a diverse array of plant species and soils, with some species exhibiting plant growth-promoting (PGP) activities. Here we report a novel Paenibacillus sp. (strains S02 and S25) that was isolated from perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) seeds. Comparative genomics analyses showed this novel species was closely related to P. polymyxa. Genomic analyses revealed that strains S02 and S25 possess PGP genes associated with biological nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilisation and assimilation, as well as auxin production and transportation. Moreover, secondary metabolite gene cluster analyses identified 13 clusters that are shared by both strains and three clusters unique to S25. In vitro assays demonstrated strong bioprotection activity against phytopathogens (Colletotrichum graminicola and Fusarium verticillioides), particularly for strain S02. A transcriptomics analysis evaluating nitrogen fixation activity showed both strains carry an expressed nif operon, but strain S02 was more active than strain S25 in nitrogen-free media. Another transcriptomics analysis evaluating the interaction of strains with F. verticillioides showed strain S02 had increased expression of core genes of secondary metabolite clusters (fusaricidin, paenilan, tridecaptin and polymyxin) when F. verticillioides was present and absent, compared to S25. Such bioactivities make strain S02 a promising candidate to be developed as a combined biofertiliser/bioprotectant.
Cannabidiol confers neuroprotection in rats in a model of transient global cerebral ischemia: impact of hippocampal synaptic neuroplasticity
Authors: Meyer Erika , Bonato Jéssica Mendes , Mori Marco Aurélio , Mattos Bianca Andretto , Guimarães Francisco Silveira , Milani Humberto , de Campos Alline Cristina , Oliveira Rubia M W
Published: April 2021

Evidence for the clinical use of neuroprotective drugs for the treatment of cerebral ischemia (CI) is still greatly limited. Spatial/temporal disorientation and cognitive dysfunction are among the most prominent long-term sequelae of CI. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychotomimetic constituent of Cannabis sativa that exerts neuroprotective effects against experimental CI. The present study investigated possible neuroprotective mechanisms of action of CBD on spatial memory impairments that are caused by transient global cerebral ischemia (TGCI) in rats. Hippocampal synaptic plasticity is a fundamental mechanism of learning and memory. Thus, we also evaluated the impact of CBD on neuroplastic changes in the hippocampus after TGCI. Wistar rats were trained to learn an eight-arm aversive radial maze (AvRM) task and underwent either sham or TGCI surgery. The animals received vehicle or 10 mg/kg CBD (i.p.) 30 min before surgery, 3 h after surgery, and then once daily for 14 days. On days 7 and 14, we performed a retention memory test. Another group of rats that received the same pharmacological treatment was tested in the object location test (OLT). Brains were removed and processed to assess neuronal degeneration, synaptic protein levels, and dendritic remodeling in the hippocampus. Cannabidiol treatment attenuated ischemia-induced memory deficits. In rats that were subjected to TGCI, CBD attenuated hippocampal CA1 neurodegeneration and increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels. Additionally, CBD protected neurons against the deleterious effects of TGCI on dendritic spine number and the length of dendritic arborization. These results suggest that the neuroprotective effects of CBD against TGCI-induced memory impairments involve changes in synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus.
Prevalence and Outcome of Abdominal Vascular Injury in Severe Trauma Patients – An International Registry Analysis
Authors: Barbati Mohammad Esmaeil , Hildebrand Frank , Andruszkow Hagen , Lefering Rolf , Jacobs Michael , Jalaie Houman , Gombert Alexander
Published: April 2021

BackgroundAbdominal vascular injuries and the resulting hemorrhagic shock are still one of the main causes of death in trauma patients. This study details the etiology, frequency and effect of major vessel lesions of the abdomen in patients after polytrauma.Patients and methodsAll patients of TraumaRegister DGU® who met the following criteria were included: online documentation of European trauma centers, age 16-85 years, presence of abdominal vascular injury, and AIS ≥ 3. Patients were divided in three groups based on the type of vessel injuries: arterial injury only, venous injury only, mixed arterial and venous injuries.ResultsA total of 2949 patients met the inclusion criteria. A blunt mechanism of abdominal vascular injuries was more frequent in all three groups. All types of vessel injuries were more prevalent in patients with relevant abdominal trauma followed by relevant thoracic trauma. On admission to hospital the rate of patients with shock were the same in patients with arterial injury alone (n= 606, 33%) and venous injury alone (n=95, 32%). Patients with venous injury alone or together with arterial injuries had higher early (within first 24h) mortality rates (isolated arterial injury OR: 1.31; 95%, CI 1.14-1.50, p<0.001; isolated venous injury OR: 1.48; 95%, CI 1.10-1.98, p=0.010) and also in-hospital mortality.ConclusionAbdominal arterial injury and venous injury were equally responsible for the rate of hemodynamic instability at the time of admission. However, the proportion of adverse outcome during hospital stay was significantly higher in patients with venous injury. Stable patients suspected of abdominal vascular injuries should be further investigated to exclude or localize the possible retroperitoneal hematoma caused by subtle venous injury.
Genetic association tests in family samples for multi-category phenotypes
Authors: Wang Shuai , Meigs James , Dupuis Josee
Published: April 2021

Background
Advancements in statistical methods and sequencing technology have led to numerous novel discoveries in human genetics in the past two decades. Among phenotypes of interest, most attention has been given to studying genetic associations with continuous or binary traits. Efficient statistical methods have been proposed and are available for both type of traits under different study designs. However, for multinomial categorical traits in related samples, there is a lack of widely used efficient statistical methods and software.
Results
We propose an efficient score test to analyze a multinomial trait in family samples, in the context of genome-wide association/sequencing studies. An alternative Wald statistic is also proposed. We also extend the methodology to be applicable to ordinal traits. We performed extensive simulation studies to evaluate the type-I error of the score test, Wald test compared to the multinomial logistic regression for unrelated samples, under different allele frequency and study designs. We also evaluate the power of these methods. Results show that both the score and Wald tests have well-controlled type-I error rate, but the multinomial logistic regression has inflated type-I error rate when applied to family samples. We illustrated the application of the score test with an application to the Framingham Heart Study to uncover genetic variants associated with diabesity, a multi-category phenotype.
Conclusion
Both proposed tests have correct type-I error rate and similar power rate. However, because the Wald statistics rely on computer intensive estimation, it is less efficient than the score test in terms of applications to large-scale genetic association studies. We provide computer implementation for both multinomial and ordinal traits.
Modified OOK in DWDM-FSO Systems Under Atmospheric Turbulence Channel and Interchannel Crosstalk
Authors: Elsayed Ebrahim E.
Published: April 2021

This paper presents designing and analysis using a dense wavelength division multiplexing free-space optical (DWDM-FSO) communication systems and shows the noise effects, interchannel crosstalk, and atmospheric turbulence in the weak and strong turbulence with an on-off keying (OOK) modulation. Numerical results show error floor occurs in the DWDM-FSO link using an OOK and adaptive detection threshold.
Neuropsychiatric Score for Early Detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment of Elderly Populations in The Community
Authors: Pandhita Gea , Darwin Prasila , Lakhsmi Bety
Published: April 2021

Background: The increase in the elderly population in a developing country like Indonesia will increase people with cognitive impairment. Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is the most common cognitive impairment among the elderly. However, some health workers are not satisfied with the current tools for detecting MCI in the community.Objective: This study intends to develop a novel, easy, and accurate method for early detection of MCI of the elderly population in the community in Indonesia.Methods: This study analyzed the database of 110 elderly population in East Jakarta, Indonesia. We explored several brief neuropsychiatric battery and developed a neuropsychiatric score to detect MCI.Results: The abnormal verbal semantic fluency test (p = 0.000), the existence of subjective memory complaints (p = 0.007), and low education level (p = 0.049) were found to be good predictors to detect MCI. The neuropsychiatric score, a combination of those variables, with a cut-off point of 2, has good accuracy to detect MCI (Sensitivity = 91.20%; Specificity = 78.9%).Conclusion: The neuropsychiatric score is a novel, easy, and accurate method for early detection of MCI of the elderly population in the community in Indonesia.
SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain-specific antibodies activate platelets with features resembling the pathogenic antibodies in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
Authors: Zhu Wen , Zheng Yongwei , Yu Mei , Wei Jianhui , Zhang Yongguang , Topchyan Paytsar , Nguyen Christine , Janecke Rae , Kreuziger Lisa Baumann , White Gilbert C. , Hari Parameswaran , Aster Richard , Cui Weiguo , Jobe Shawn , Graham Mary Beth , Wang Demin , Wen Renren
Published: April 2021

Severe COVID-19 is associated with unprecedented thromboembolic complications. We found that hospitalized COVID-19 patients develop immunoglobulin Gs (IgGs) that recognize a complex consisting of platelet factor 4 and heparin similar to those developed in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (HIT), however, independent of heparin exposure. These antibodies activate platelets in the presence of TLR9 stimuli, stimuli that are prominent in COVID-19. Strikingly, 4 out of 42 antibodies cloned from IgG1+ RBD-binding B cells could activate platelets. These antibodies possessed, in the heavy-chain complementarity-determining region 3, an RKH or Y5 motif that we recently described among platelet-activating antibodies cloned from HIT patients. RKH and Y5 motifs were prevalent among published RBD-specific antibodies, and 3 out of 6 such antibodies tested could activate platelets. Features of platelet activation by these antibodies resemble those by pathogenic HIT antibodies. B cells with an RKH or Y5 motif were robustly expanded in COVID-19 patients. Our study demonstrates that SARS-CoV-2 infection drives the development of a subset of RBD-specific antibodies that can activate platelets and have activation properties and structural features similar to those of the pathogenic HIT antibodies.
Ischemic stroke prevention.
Authors: Kanteluk Artur Andrzej , Krajewska-Kułak Elżbieta
Published: April 2021

Health prophylaxis is the most effective way to reduce the incidence of diseases, and the knowledge of factors predisposing to the increase in the incidence of a given disease directs actions aimed at maintaining health. The proprietary stroke prevention program was used, which consisted in introducing dietary changes, health education and increasing the physical activity of the respondents. At quarterly intervals, each examined person was measured: blood pressure, glucose level, total cholesterol and its fractions, triglycerides, sodium and potassium levels, prothrombin time (PT), INR, PT activity, INR. The study included 40 randomly selected women (the research and control group consisted of 20 people) aged 40–60 years from the Michałowo Commune in the Białystok poviat. Additionally, an interview was collected with the completion of the proprietary questionnaire. The most important conclusions are: people aged 40–60 are the group most at risk of stroke; stroke prevention significantly reduces the likelihood of developing a stroke; normalization of test results (in the experimental group there was a decrease in body weight, normalization of blood pressure, increase in HDL level) improves the biopsychosocial state. The analysis performed is a sample and it is recommended to repeat the study on a large population.
Synergy Assessment for Plant Growth by Independent Joint Action Theory
Authors: Huang Zhengyu , Falco Kimberly Ann
Published: April 2021

Calculating the predicted biological efficacy of a mixture and determining the significance of the difference between the predicted efficacy and the measured efficacy of that mixture are fundamental when assessing the synergy of mixtures. The Independent Joint Action theory and Bliss’s formula are well-known and widely accepted for predicting pesticide mixture effects that are expressed in terms of percent mortality. Bliss’s formula, however, is not applicable to growth-affecting components, such as plant growth regulators. Therefore, there is an unmet need of critical importance: an appropriate method for assessing synergy of growth-affecting mixtures needs to be identified within the scientific community. The formula, G(1 + 2..n) = G1G2…Gn/(GCTL)n−1, which was derived from the Independent Joint Action theory, is presented for calculating the predicted efficacy for mixtures of growth-affecting components that either promote or inhibit growth. Its application is demonstrated by analyzing data from a greenhouse assay in which a mixture of S-abscisic acid and gibberellic acid was used to promote the growth of corn seedlings.
Giant hemangioma of the thing in the fetus, complicated with KasabachMerritt syndrome: clinical observation with a favorable outcome
Authors: A.E. Volkov , O.A. Fomenko , V.V. Voloshin et all ,
Published: April 2021

А case of prenatal diagnosis of Kasabach — Merritt syndrome with subsequent successful complex
conservative treatment (prednisolone, endoxan, vincristine, propranalol) is presented. Catamnesis follow-up
after therapy for 2 years is presented.
Giant congenital melanocytic nevus in fetus in combination with a
unmature teratoma of the trunk: prenatal diagnosis
Authors: A.E. Volkov , V.V. Voloshin , E.S. Åmelyanenko et all
Published: April 2021

А case of prenatal diagnosis of a giant congenital melanocytic nevus in combination with a unmature
teratoma of the fetal trunk is presented.
Experiments of an IoT-based wireless sensor network for flood monitoring in Colima, Mexico
Authors: Mendoza-Cano O. , Aquino-Santos R. , López-de la Cruz J. , Edwards R. M. , Khouakhi A. , Pattison I. , Rangel-Licea V. , Castellanos-Berjan E. , Martinez-Preciado M. A. , Rincón-Avalos P. , Lepper P. , Gutiérrez-Gómez A. , Uribe-Ramos J. M. , Ibarreche J. , Perez I.
Published: April 2021

Urban flooding is one of the major issues in many parts of the world, and its management is often challenging. One of the challenges highlighted by the hydrology and related communities is the need for more open data and monitoring of floods in space and time. In this paper, we present the development phases and experiments of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based wireless sensor network for hydrometeorological data collection and flood monitoring for the urban area of Colima-Villa de Álvarez in Mexico. The network is designed to collect fluvial water level, soil moisture and weather parameters that are transferred to the server and to a web application in real-time using IoT Message Queuing Telemetry Transport protocol over 3G and Wi-Fi networks. The network is tested during three different events of tropical storms that occurred over the area of Colima during the 2019 tropical cyclones season. The results show the ability of the smart water network to collect real-time hydrometeorological information during extreme events associated with tropical storms. The technology used for data transmission and acquisition made it possible to collect information at critical times for the city. Additionally, the data collected provided essential information for implementing and calibrating hydrological models and hydraulic models to generate flood inundation maps and identify critical infrastructure.
Effect of organic loading on phosphorus forms transformation and microbial community in continuous-flow A2/O process
Authors: Li Yajing , Wu Yaping , Wang Shaopo , Jia Liyuan
Published: April 2021

A continuous-flow Anaerobic/Anoxic/Oxic (A2/O) system was operated at different organic concentrations to systematically investigate the effect on the nutrient removal, secretion characteristics of extracellular polymer, phosphorus forms transformation and changes in functional flora in this system. The results showed that high organic loading was more conducive to promote the secretion of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), the increase of polysaccharide content was more obvious compared with protein, the impact of organic loading on the components of loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) was higher than that of tight-bound EPS (TB-EPS). Phosphorus in sludge floc mainly existed in the form of inorganic phosphorus (IP), and IP mainly existed in the form of apatite inorganic phosphorus (AP). High organic load showed higher phosphorus storage in EPS, and the phosphorus content in EPS was positively correlated with the content of EPS. Non-apatite phosphorus (NAIP) content played an important role in the extracellular dephosphorization. The abundance of Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira responsible for nitrification decreased with the increase in organic loading. The group of denitrifiers was large, and Azospira was the most abundant genus among them. Dechloromonas, Acinetobacter, Povalibacter, Chryseolinea and Pirellula were the functional genera closely associated with phosphorus removal.
Selecting the best electron donor and operational temperature for the rapid biotransformation of the insensitive munitions compound 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) by anaerobic sludge
Authors: Melo Natanna , Menezes Osmar , Paraiso Matheus , Florêncio Lourdinha , Kato Mário T. , Gavazza Sávia
Published: April 2021

2,4-Dinitroanisole (DNAN) is a toxic compound increasingly used by the military that can be released into the environment on the soil of training fields and in the wastewater of manufacturing plants. DNAN's nitro groups are anaerobically reduced to amino groups by microorganisms when electron donors are available. Using anaerobic sludge as the inoculum, we tested different electron donors for DNAN bioreduction at 20 and 30 °C: acetate, ethanol, pyruvate, hydrogen, and hydrogen + pyruvate. Biotic controls without external electron donors and abiotic controls with heat-killed sludge were also assayed. No DNAN conversion was observed in the abiotic controls. In all biotic treatments, DNAN was reduced to 2-methoxy-5-nitroaniline (MENA), which was further reduced to 2,4-diaminoanisole (DAAN). Ethanol or acetate did not increase DNAN reduction rate compared to the endogenous control. The electron donors that caused the fastest DNAN reductions were (rates at 30 °C): H2 and pyruvate combined (311.28 ± 10.02 μM·d−1·gSSV−1), followed by H2 only (207.19 ± 5.95 μM·d−1·gSSV−1), and pyruvate only (36.35 ± 2.95 μM·d−1·gSSV−1). Raising the temperature to 30 °C improved DNAN reduction rates when pyruvate, H2, or H2 + pyruvate were used as electrons donors. Our results can be applied to optimize the anaerobic treatment of DNAN-containing wastewater.
National followers in the students use of educational technologies instruction of interests
Authors: Shomirzayev Shomirzayev
Published: April 2021

This article discusses how to use the craft of national crafts. More importantly, the role of the teacher in the learning process is determined by the fact that the learners are helped by independent learning. In addition to teaching the readers not only the knowledge they have, they also understand their role in teaching independent, creative thinking, critical thinking about their personality and knowledge, analyzing information, identifying what needs to be done, drawing conclusions, and teaching their own ideas. The main purpose of collaborative learning is to work on a common problem and focus on the problem.
Basic Steffensen's Method of Higher-Order Convergence
Authors: A. Ashour Ola
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we introduce a new analog of a variant of Steffensen's method of fourth-order convergence for solving non-linear equations based on the q-deference operator.
Analysis of the epidemiological profile of patients with traumas: A literature review
Authors: Andrade Gustavo Sousa , Pereira Rocha Daniella Antunes , Gusmão Bruna Da Silva , Andrade Batista Beatriz Sousa , Novas Hellen Santos , Santos Maria Clara Ferreira , Cardoso Ingrid Guimarães , Morais Teixeira Mariana , Ribeiro Vieira João Ernesto , Sousa Andrade Guilherme , De Andrade Bruno Brito , Moreira Saiane Menezes , Maria Lago Lisandra , da Silva Júnior Anselmo Messias Ribeiro
Published: April 2021

Trauma is a public health problem, with a high morbidity and mortality profile that generates high costs for health systems all over the world. Several factors can trigger the different types of trauma, which may require specific treatments, often even surgical procedures, and may also cause incapacity for work. In light of this, this research was intended to evaluate the epidemiological profile of patients with traumas in different regions of the world. To this end, a systematic literature review was performed by searching the Scielo database, using the descriptors “trauma” and “epidemiology”, finding a total of 270 articles. Subsequently, filters were applied, which allowed 92 scientific articles to be obtained. The titles and abstracts of these articles were analyzed; and, from that, 15 articles were selected, which were read in full and then discussed. The literature analysis allowed us to characterize the epidemiological profile of traumas in Brazil and in other countries around the world, detecting that most trauma affects men at a young age, which can affect the labor system; that the low level of education can influence the trauma profile; and that factors such as car and motorcycle accidents, falls and physical aggressions are the main etiological factors of cranioencephalic, maxillofacial, thoracic, upper limbs and lower limbs traumas, among others. Thus, there is a need to formulate better preventive measures and pre- and in-hospital treatments, aiming at reducing the impact on trauma morbidity and mortality.
Effect of the Marination Time & Marinade Ingredients on Sensory Evaluation of Tawouk
Authors: Dally Rana , Alkatib Ali , S. Hajj Hussein Hassan , Tlais Sami
Published: April 2021

Tawouk is the chicken's breast meat. Traditionally, meat has been marinated to improve flavor, improve tenderness, and increase product shelf life. The purpose of the marinating time is to permit the marinade to soak as deeply into the food as potential. Here, we studied the effect of marinating time and marinade ingredients on color, flavor, juiciness, chewiness and overall acceptability of chicken breast meat. Our results showed a difference in color, flavor and juiciness between different treatments according to the panelists. Panelists preferred red-colored chicken meat with a strong flavor. We also showed a correlation between color and the overall acceptability of breast chicken meat. This work is laying the ground for better customer service for poultry businesses and restaurant chains. Our work shows that focusing on color is essential to increase consumers' acceptability.
G. B. Shaw's War Antipathy in Arms and the Man and Major Barbara
Authors: Ibrahim Ghassan Awad , Omer Mahmoud Ali Ahmed
Published: April 2021

This research paper deals with George Bernard Shaw's treatment of wars and their warmongers whose intention is to urge or attempt as much as they can to stir up war which largely culminates in death, destruction and all kinds of evil not to mention social diseases such as poverty, ignorance, starvation, prostitution and the like. In Arms and the Man and Major Barbara, Shaw expresses by his own ideas his real feelings of hatred and hostility when he pours his poignant criticism against capitalists and war makers, including weapon dealers, who encourage people to start or join a war to achieve their personal interests. The purpose of Shaw in writing his aforementioned plays is to show people the real ugly face of the wicked forces whose capitalistic and insatiable greed are so profound that they only aspire to personal power so that people can amend their wrong ideas of war fascination. Shaw's ideas represent a revolution against those warmongers who cannot silence him so that no peoples worldwide are denied their right to peace and a life free from fear.
Identifying Opportunities for Collective Curation During Archaeological Excavations
Authors: Faniel Ixchel , Austin Anne , Whitcher Kansa Sarah , Kansa Eric , Jacobs Jennifer , France Phoebe
Published: April 2021

Archaeological excavations are comprised of interdisciplinary teams that create, manage, and share data as they unearth and analyse material culture. These team-based settings are ripe for collective curation during these data lifecycle stages. However, findings from four excavation sites show that the data interdisciplinary teams create are not well integrated. Knowing this, we recommended opportunities for collective curation to improve use and reuse of the data within and outside of the team.
Revisión de perspectivas del docente y el estudiante universitario frente a Moodle (2009-2019)
Authors: Rey Somoza Nuria
Published: April 2021

Moodle es la plataforma online para el aprendizaje más popular en el sistema universitario. En este artículo se expone una revisión bibliográfica (enfoque documental-descriptiva) con el objetivo de determinar las características de la plataforma Moodle para comprobar las problemáticas de su uso como herramienta didáctica. Se analizaron los siguientes ítems desde la perspectiva del docente y el estudiante: realidad ante la tecnología educativa, capacidad del agente educativo, resultados previos y reacciones ante Moodle. El análisis permitió definir categorías útiles para explorar vías alternativas para un futuro que responda al escenario contemporáneo, relacionadas con el fomento del aprendizaje con móviles o el uso de redes sociales.
Witnessing quantum memory in non-Markovian processes
Authors: Giarmatzi Christina , Costa Fabio
Published: April 2021

We present a method to detect quantum memory in a non-Markovian process. We call a process Markovian when the environment does not provide a memory that retains correlations across different system-environment interactions. We define two types of non-Markovian processes, depending on the required memory being classical or quantum. We formalise this distinction using the process matrix formalism, through which a process is represented as a multipartite state. Within this formalism, a test for entanglement in a state can be mapped to a test for quantum memory in the corresponding process. This allows us to apply separability criteria and entanglement witnesses to the detection of quantum memory. We demonstrate the method in a simple model where both system and environment are single interacting qubits and map the parameters that lead to quantum memory. As with entanglement witnesses, our method of witnessing quantum memory provides a versatile experimental tool for open quantum systems.
RIVERA CUSICANQUI, Silvia. Un mundo Ch’ixi Es Posible: Ensayos Desde un Presente en Crisis. Buenos Aires: Tinta Limón, 2018.
Authors: Pimentel Spensy Kmitta
Published: April 2021

A resenha analisa o mais recente livro da socióloga boliviana Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui. Os quatro ensaios contidos na obra retomam o uso do termo aymara ch’ixi (abigarrado), além de vários outros conceitos nessa língua andina, para pensar a realidade boliviana dos tempos atuais (qhipnayra). O livro traz ainda uma série de reflexões sobre a relação “bovarista” dos intelectuais mestiços latino-americanos com o contexto colonial que vivem em seus países (exortando-os a reconhecerem sua potência pa chuyma – duplas entranhas –, em lugar de permanecer nessa alienação) e retoma as obras de diversos autores bolivianos do século XX para demonstrar que os chamados “estudos decoloniais” não constituem uma novidade, e sim uma usurpação. Também tece críticas ao governo Evo Morales (2006-2019) como exemplo típico dos impasses vividos pelo novo progressismo latino-americano nas duas últimas décadas – considerados não só como parte de uma crise de valores, mas de uma crise epistêmica muito mais ampla.
Approximate controllability of multivalued stochastic fractional differential equations with Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo derivatives
Authors: Bedi Pallavi , Kumar Anoop , Khan Aziz
Published: April 2021

This article aims to discuss the approximate controllability of
multivalued impulsive stochastic fractional differential equations with
ABC derivatives in Hilbert space. Firstly, with the help of stochastic
analysis, theory of resolvent operators and the fixed point technique,
we confirm the existence of mild solutions for the proposed control
system. Secondarily, we show that the proposed system of equations is
approximately controllable under a certain hypothesis. To confirm the
applicability of the obtained results, an example is provided at the end
of this paper.
Propensity score-based analysis of 30-day survival in cardiogenic shock patients supported with different microaxial left ventricular assist devices
Authors: Nersesian Gaik , Potapov Evgenij , Nelki Vivian , Stein Julia , Starck Christoph , Falk Volkmar , Schoenrath Felix , Krackhardt Florian , Tschoepe Carsten , Spillmann Frank
Published: April 2021

Microaxial LVADs are increasingly used for cardiogenic shock treatment.
We compared the short-term outcome of patients supported with different
microaxial devices for cardiogenic shock. A retrospective propensity
score-adjusted analysis was performed in cardiogenic shock patients
treated with either the Impella CP (n=64) or the Impella 5.0/5.5 (n=62)
at two tertiary cardiac care centers between 1/14 and 12/19. Patients in
the Impella CP group were significantly older (69.6±10.7 vs 58.7±11.9
years, p=0.001), more likely in an INTERMACS level 1 (76.6% vs 50%,
p=0.003) and post CPR (36% vs 13%, p=0.006). The unadjusted 30-day
survival was significantly higher in Impella 5.0/5.5 group (58% vs
36%, p=0.021, odds ratio (OR) for 30-day survival on Impella 5.0/5.5
was 3.68 (95% CI [1.46-9.90], p=0.0072). After adjustment, the
30-day survival was similar for both devices (OR 1.23, 95% CI
[0.34-4.18], p=0.744). Lactate levels above 8 mmol/L and
preoperative CPR were associated with a significant mortality increase
in both cohorts (OR=10.7, 95% CI [3.45-47.34], p<0.001;
OR=13.2, 95% CI [4.28-57.89], p<0.001, respectively).
Both Impella devices offer a similar effect with regards to survival in
cardiogenic shock patients. Preoperative CPR or lactate levels exceeding
8 mmol/L immediately before implantation have a poor prognosis on
Impella CP and Impella 5.0/5.5.
Thoracoscopic Transmitral Myectomy of Apical HOCM with Concomitant Valve Procedure with 3D Printing Technique Assistant: Response to Letter to the Editor
Authors: J ASHOK KUMAR C
Published: April 2021

We thank Shixiong Wei et al for their interest in our technical paper on
Robotic Septal myectomy for HOCM and their letter to the editor. Their
technique of using the Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) along with
3D Printing technology for the better delineation of the anatomy of HOCM
has been an evolving way to approach the problem. As they have mentioned
in their letter, we used cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
predominantly for all our patients who undergo septal myectomy. Using 3D
printing technology augmenting CTA or MRI can certainly augment the
surgical planning in complex patients. In their case report, Wei et al
have shaved off most of the subvalvular tissue along with the mitral
valve. Removal of the entire mitral valve definitely would have enhanced
the exposure to the mid-ventricular cavity and the apex for their
thoracoscopic approach. It will be interesting to know whether they
tried to repair the valve before replacement. Our technique of Robotic
mitral valve repair, septal myectomy, and particularly papillary muscle
re-orientation tries to preserve the sub-valvular apparatus even after
completely relieving the mid-cavitary obstruction and this may provide
better ventricular re-modeling. We congratulate them on providing a
successful surgical option to this complex subset of patients using
novel evolving technology and meticulous surgical planning.
Sector stability criteria for a nonlinear axial motion string system
Authors: Wu Rui , Cheng Yi , O'Regan Donal
Published: April 2021

The paper investigates the exponential stability criterion for an
axially moving string system driven by a nonlinear partial differential
equation with nonlinear boundary feedback.The control criterion based on
a sector condition contains a large class of nonlinearities, which is a
negative feedback of the velocity at the right boundary of the moving
string. By invoking nonlinear semigroup theory, the well-posedness
result of the closed-loop system is verified under the sector criteria.
Furthermore, a novel energy like function is constructed to establish
the exponential stability of the closed-loop system by using a
integral-type multiplier method and the generalized Gronwall-type
integral inequality.
How accurate is radiological imaging for perirenal fat and renal vein invasion in Renal Cell Carcinoma ?
Authors: Ucer Oktay , Muezzinoglu Talha , Ozden Ender , Aslan Guven , Izol Volkan , Bayazıt Yıldırım , Altan Mesut , Akdogan Bulent , Ozen Haluk , Sözen Sinan , Çetin Serhat , Suer Evren , Esen Baris , Baltacı Sumer
Published: April 2021

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of radiological staging, especially
renal venous and perirenal fat invasion, in renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
Material & Methods: Data of 4823 renal tumor patients from Renal Tumor
Database of Association of Uro-oncology in Turkey were evaluated. Of
4823 patients, 3309 RCC patients had complete radiological and
histopathological data were included to this study. The Pearson
Chi-squared test (χ2) was used to compare radiological and
histopathological stages. Results: The mean (SD) age of 3309 patients
was 58 (12.3). Preoperative radiological imaging was performed using
computed tomography (CT) (n=2510, 75.8%) or magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI) (n=799, 24.2%). There was a substantial concordance between
radiological and pathological staging (к=0.52, p<0.001).
Sensitivities of radiological staging in stage I, II, III and IV were
90.7%, 67.3%, 27.7% and 64.2%, respectively. The sensitivity in
stage III was lower than the other stages. Sub-analysis of stage IIIa
cases revealed that, for perirenal fat invasion and renal vein invasion,
sensitivity values were 15.4% and 11.3%, respectively. Conclusions:
There was a substantial concordance between radiological (CT and/or MRI)
and pathological T staging in RCC. However, this is not true for T3
cases. Sensitivity of preoperative radiological imaging in patients with
pT3a tumors is insufficient and lower than the other stages.
Consequently, preoperative imaging in patients with T3 RCC has to be
improved, in order to better inform the patients regarding prognosis of
their disease.
How We Approach: Pediatric Congenital Chylous Effusions and Ascites
Authors: Nakano Taizo , Dori Yoav , Gumer Lindsey , Liptzin Deborah , Hill Lauren , Kulungowski Ann
Published: April 2021

Congenital lymphatic leak may develop in patients with maldeveloped
lymphatics and result in life-threatening fluid and electrolyte
imbalance, protein deficiency and immunodeficiency. Rapid diagnosis and
therapy are necessary to prevent these complications; however, the field
lacks clinical trials to support standardized diagnostic treatment
guidelines. We present our current multidisciplinary approach to the
diagnosis and management of congenital lymphatic leak including chylous
pleural effusion and ascites. Depending on the rate of lymphatic leak,
therapy can range from observation with nutritional modifications to
surgical and interventional procedures aimed to reduce lymphatic
drainage. Modalities to image central and peripheral lymphatics have
advanced considerably. Genetic variants and subsequent targets that
drive lymphatic maldevelopment have expanded the repertoire of possible
pharmacotherapeutic options.
DIVERSIDADE CULTURAL: processos migratórios e a educação municipal de Boa Vista-RR
Authors: Baptaglin Leila Adriana , De Sousa Silva Monteiro Patrícia
Published: April 2021

Vivemos em um processo de deslocamento populacional que vem impulsionando a revisão de valores sociais, culturais, políticos e educacionais. Percebemos que esse deslocamento pode ocorrer a partir de crises econômicas e políticas até desastres naturais, o que acabam impulsionando a diversidade cultural e a necessidade de medidas educacionais distintas para o trato com esses sujeitos. Diante deste contexto, objetivamos analisar a diversidade cultural decorrente da imigração nas escolas municipais de Boa Vista/RR, a partir de dados da Secretaria Municipal de Educação, no ano de 2020. Verificamos que o número de alunos matriculados nas suas escolas, provenientes de vários países, trazem consigo características culturais particulares e, consequentemente, a necessidade de outras formas de atuação docente. O estado de Roraima tem características muito fortes de imigração, desde seu projeto de colonização nos anos de 1980, até a intensificação da imigração venezuelana, a partir de 2015. A maior parte destes imigrantes, que adentram pelo estado de Roraima, acabam se concentrando na capital Boa Vista/RR. Com esta realidade houve um aumento expressivo do número de alunos venezuelanos nas escolas municipais, por a enxergarem como uma oportunidade de integração com a nova sociedade. A análise dos dados nos mostra a necessidade de desenvolver práticas educacionais que atendam a diversidade cultural no ambiente escolar. Situação essa, que perpassa pela formação e atuação do profissional docente, mas também pela qualificação da equipe gestora das escolas e da Secretaria Municipal.
CURRÍCULOS E CURRICULARIZAÇÃO DA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE CONTEMPORÂNEA NOS MESTRADOS EM EDUCAÇÃO DA UFPA, UEPA, UFT NA/DA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Rocha Damião , Irondes Coelho Marcos
Published: April 2021

A curricularização da formação inicial docente, no ensino, na pesquisa e na extensão, nos mestrados em educação são questões das quais nos ocupamos e refletimos neste trabalho. A produção textual resulta da Pesquisa Documental de aspectos dos currículos dos cursos de mestrados em educação da UFPA, UEPA, UFT; três universidades públicas da região Norte, na Amazônia brasileira. Fazemos, também Análise Qualitativa Interpretacionista, conforme as três etapas metódicas inter-relacionadas: a etapa investigativa, uma interpretativa e outra propositiva. Nossa fundamentação teórica é de autores da área de currículo e formação de professores tais como: Bernard Charlot (2000), Jurjo Santomé (1998), Gimeno Sacristán (2000), Ivani fazenda (2001, 2008), Elizabeth Macedo (2001), Tomaz Tadeu Silva (2000). A curricularização da extensão na educação superior para a formação inicial, está prescrita na legislação; na pós-graduação ainda não está definida, mas, poderá vir a ser exigida já que a legislação sobre a extensão para a educação superior aponta para o processo de curricularização também na especialização, no mestrado, doutorado. Os cursos de mestrado em educação da UFPA, UEPA, UFT, criados antes do marco legal da extensão acadêmica, não explicitam nos seus currículos a curricularização da extensão, apesar de, curricularizadas estarem, o ensino e a pesquisa.