bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dark Soliton Train Generation in a Birefringent Fiber
Authors: Millot G. , Seve E. , Wabnitz S. , Haelterman M.
Published: February 2023

For both their fundamental and applied interests, optical dark solitons have attracted growing attention in recent years. In view of their potential application to fiber-based communication systems, several techniques were proposed for the generation of continuous-wave (cw) odd-symmetry dark soliton pulse trains. Two of these techniques are based on the direct modulation of a cw laser beam by a Mach-Zehnder interferometer [1] or a phase-modulated fiber loop mirror [2]. These methods suffer the limitation of the typical electronic bandwidths and are therefore adapted to repetition-rates in the GHz range. Other approaches involve the adiabatic transformation of a dual-frequency signal in a dispersion decreasing fiber with normal dispersion [3], and the passive Fourier filtering of standard mode-locked bright pulse trains [4]. Thanks to the absence of electrooptic components, the last two techniques are suitable for ultra-high repetition rates. However, because of important technical obstacles, they were demonstrated only with multi-Gigahertz repetition rates. In this work we analyze and demonstrate a new passive technique for cw dark soliton train generation, which is based on the phenomenon of modulational instability (MI) and therefore naturally leads to THz repetition rates.
Fast interrogation wavelength tuning for all-optical photoacoustic imaging
Authors: Saucourt Jérémy , Moreau Antonin , Lumeau Julien , Rigneault Hervé , Chaigne Thomas
Published: February 2023

Optical detection of ultrasound for photoacoustic imaging provides a large bandwidth and high sensitivity at high acoustic frequencies. Therefore, higher spatial resolutions can be achieved using Fabry-Pérot cavity sensors than conventional piezoelectric detection. However, fabrication constraints during the deposition of the sensing polymer layer require precise control of the interrogation beam wavelength to provide optimal sensitivity. This is commonly achieved by employing slowly tunable narrowband lasers as interrogation sources, hence limiting the acquisition speed. We propose instead to use a broadband source and a fast-tunable acousto-optic filter to adjust the interrogation wavelength at each pixel within a few microseconds. We demonstrate the validity of this approach by performing photoacoustic imaging with a highly inhomogeneous Fabry-Pérot sensor.
Simplified independent triple-sideband signal generation and transmission scheme based on one I/Q modulator at 0.3-THz
Authors: Zhou Ye , Xiao Jiangnan , Wang Leilei , Chen Yilin , Wu Dongyan , Ming Jun , Hu Zheng , Zhao Li , Xiang Changqing , Liu Yifei , Xie Zhenjun , Lu Zikang
Published: February 2023

To meet the ultra-bandwidth high-capacity communication, improve spectral efficiency and reduce the complexity of system structure, we have proposed the independent triple-sideband signal transmission system based on photonics-aided terahertz-wave (THz-wave). In this paper, we demonstrate up to 16-Gbaud independent triple-sideband 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM) signal transmission over 20 km standard single mode fiber (SSMF) at 0.3 THz. At the transmitter, independent triple-sideband 16QAM signals are modulated by an in-phase/quadrature (I/Q) modulator. Carrying independent triple-sideband signals optical carrier coupled with another laser to generate independent triple-sideband terahertz optical signals with a carrier frequency interval of 0.3THz. While at the receiver side, enabled by a photodetector (PD) conversion, we successfully obtain independent triple-sideband terahertz signals with a frequency of 0.3THz. Then we employ a local oscillator (LO) to drive mixer to generate intermediate frequency (IF) signal, and only one ADC is used to sample independent triple-sideband signals, digital signal processing (DSP) is finally performed to obtain independent triple-sideband signals. In this scheme, independent triple-sideband 16QAM signals is delivered over 20 km SSMF under the bit error ratio (BER) of 7% hard-decision forward-error-correction (HD-FEC) threshold of 3.8 × 10−3. Our simulation results show that the independent triple-sideband signal can further improve THz system transmission capacity and spectral efficiency. Our simplified independent triple-sideband THz system has a simple structure, high spectral efficiency, and reduced bandwidth requirements for DAC and ADC, which is a promising solution for future high-speed optical communications.
Optimization of deliquescence-proof perovskite-like Cs3ErF6 phosphor and dual-mode luminescent intensity ratio thermometry
Authors: Xu Hanyu , Fu Zuoling , Wei Yanling
Published: February 2023

The susceptibility of Cs-based fluorides to deliquescence has led to the fact that lanthanide-doped Cs-based fluorides and their related applications have hardly been reported. Herein, the method to solve the deliquescence of Cs3ErF6 and its excellent temperature measurement performance were discussed in this work. Initially, the soaking experiment of Cs3ErF6 found that water had irreversible damage to the crystallinity of Cs3ErF6. Subsequently, the luminescent intensity was ensured by the successful isolation of Cs3ErF6 from the deliquescence of vapor by the silicon rubber sheet encapsulation at room temperature. In addition, we also removed moisture by heating samples to obtain temperature-dependent spectra. According to spectral results, two luminescent intensity ratio (LIR) temperature sensing modes were designed. The LIR mode which can quickly respond to temperature parameters by monitoring single band Stark level emission named as “rapid mode”. The maximum sensitivity of 7.362%K-1 can be obtained in another “ultra-sensitive mode” thermometer based on the non-thermal coupling energy levels. This work will focus on the deliquescence effect of Cs3ErF6 and the feasibility of silicone rubber encapsulation. At the same time, a dual-mode LIR thermometer is designed for different situations.
Sharp MIR plasmonic modes in gratings made of heavily doped pulsed laser-melted Ge1-xSnx
Authors: Berkmann F. , Steuer O. , Ganss F. , Prucnal S. , Schwarz D. , Fischer I. A. , Schulze J.
Published: February 2023

Plasmonic structures made out of highly doped group-IV semiconductor materials are of large interest for the realization of fully integrated mid-infrared (MIR) devices. Utilizing highly doped Ge1-xSnx alloys grown on Si substrates is one promising route to enable device operation at near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths. Due to the lower effective mass of electrons in Sn compared to Ge, the incorporation of Sn can potentially lower the plasma wavelength of Ge1-xSnx alloys compared to that of pure Ge. However, defects introduced by the large lattice mismatch to Si substrates as well as the introduction of alloy scattering limit device applications in practice. Here, we investigate pulsed laser melting as one strategy to increase material quality in highly doped Ge1-xSnx alloys. We show that a pulsed laser melting treatment of our Ge1-xSnx films not only serves to lower the material’s plasma frequency but also leads to an increase in active dopant concentration. We demonstrate the application of this material in plasmonic gratings with sharp optical extinction peaks at MIR wavelengths.
Vacuum ultraviolet optical properties of GaSb determined by synchrotron rotating analyzer ellipsometry: applications in nanopillars and plasmonics
Authors: Hale Nathan , Bjelland Victoria M. , Cobet Christoph , Esser Norbert , Kildemo Morten
Published: February 2023

The vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) optical properties in the range 4 eV to 15 eV of GaSb have been determined by rotating analyzer ellipsometry (RAE) using synchrotron light. The localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) and surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are studied as a means to understand the plasmonic behavior of GaSb. The large imaginary part of the dielectric function causes poor confinement of the SPP. Self-assembled GaSb nanopillars of 35 nm height are studied experimentally by RAE at different angles of incidence. The pillars are simulated numerically using an effective medium approach and the finite element method (FEM), where clear similarities between the simulations and experiment are observed. Additional dips in the reflectivity accompanied by increased nanopillar absorption and local field enhancement were observed near the surface of the pillars. These results demonstrate GaSb nanopillars to be promising candidates for photocathodes.
Fiber-coupled plug-and-play heralded single photon source based on Ti:LiNbO₃ and polymer technology
Authors: Kießler Christian , Conradi Hauke , Kleinert Moritz , Quiring Viktor , Herrmann Harald , Silberhorn Christine
Published: February 2023

A reliable, but cost-effective generation of single-photon states is key for practical quantum communication systems. For real-world deployment, waveguide sources offer optimum compatibility with fiber networks and can be embedded in hybrid integrated modules. Here, we present the first chip-size fully integrated fiber-coupled Heralded Single Photon Source (HSPS) module based on a hybrid integration of a nonlinear lithium niobate waveguide into a polymer board. Photon pairs at 810 nm (signal) and 1550 nm (idler) are generated via parametric down-conversion pumped at 532 nm in the LiNbO₃ waveguide. The pairs are splitted in the polymer board and routed to separate output ports. The module has a size of (2×1) cm² and is fully fiber-coupled with one pump input fiber and two output fibers. We measure a heralded second-order correlation function of 𝑔(2)_h = 0.05 with a heralding efficiency of 𝜂_ℎ = 4.5 % at low pump powers.
Cooling colors below the ambient temperature
Authors: Wang Wanlin , xing hyun , shu xchi , zhao xink , yan xyun , Hong BinBin , Sun Lei , Zhang Wang , Wang Guo Ping
Published: February 2023

The colors of objects are generally originated from reflecting desired light in the desired direction and absorbing the undesired light, which will substantially produce heating. Many efforts have been made to focus on cooling the colorful objects. However, a cooling strategy to cool colorful objects beyond a limit of temperature below the ambient temperature while fully preserving the excellent color properties of high saturation and large viewing field is still a great challenge, as it is rather difficult to independently control the four light bands simultaneously: high diffusion of desired light, low absorption of undesired complementary visible light, low absorption of near-IR light, and high emission of mid-IR light. Inspired by Morpho butterflies, we reported here a robust configure consisting of a multilayer, a disorder structure, and a total reflection layer to cool colorful objects to overcome the challenge. Numerical simulations and experimental measurements demonstrated that our configure can cool a class of colorful objects to not only a temperature of around 2 °C below the ambient temperature, but also with ultra-high saturations (100%) and a wide range of viewing angles (±60°), indicating a great potential for energy sustainability of colorful objects such as buildings, vehicles, facilities, and equipment.
A plastic optic fiber sensor with temperature compensation for glucose concentration measurement
Authors: Wang Feng , Zhao Hongxia , cheng peihong
Published: February 2023

An optical fiber sensor based on a gradually hot-pressed flatted plastic optical fiber (GPF) and F-P interference structure is proposed to eliminate the effect of ambient temperature drift in the detection of glucose concentration. The sensing characteristics of the prepared sensing head were studied at various glucose concentrations and ambient temperatures. Based on the differential sensitivity of GPF and F-P interference film to glucose concentration and temperature, temperature-compensated glucose concentration sensing monitoring was obtained by the sensitivity matrix equation, where the peak wavelength of interference peak and transmitted light intensity were used as information carriers. The results show that the proposed plastic optical fiber sensor can provide the monitoring of glucose sample concentrations ranging from 0 to 500mg.ml-1, and the effect of ambient temperature drift is eliminated to make it more useful. Because of its simple structure, high repeatability, easy integration with the chip, and ability to eliminate the effect of temperature drift, the sensor has potential applications in biochemistry, medical diagnosis, and environmental monitoring.
Predicting critical transitions in assortative spin-shifting networks
Authors: Füllsack Manfred , Reisinger Daniel , Adam Raven , Kapeller Marie , Jäger Georg
Published: February 2023

Methods to forecast critical transitions, i.e. abrupt changes in systems’ equilibrium states have relevance in scientific fields such as ecology, seismology, finance and medicine among others. So far, the bulk of investigations on forecasting methods builds on equation-based modeling methods, which consider system states as aggregates and thus do not account for the different connection strengths in each part of the system. This seems inadequate against the background of studies that insinuate that critical transitions can originate in sparsely connected parts of systems. Here we use agent-based spin-shifting models with assortative network representations to distinguish different interaction densities. Our investigations confirm that signals of imminent critical transitions can indeed be detected significantly earlier in network parts with low link degrees. We discuss the reason for this circumstance on the basis of the free energy principle.
Using the Culex pipiens sperm proteome to identify elements essential for mosquito reproduction
Authors: Thaler Catherine D. , Carstens Kaira , Martinez Gabrielle , Stephens Kimberly , Cardullo Richard A.
Published: February 2023

Mature sperm from Culex pipiens were isolated and analyzed by mass spectrometry to generate a mature sperm proteome dataset. In this study, we highlight subsets of proteins related to flagellar structure and sperm motility and compare the identified protein components to previous studies examining essential functions of sperm. The proteome includes 1700 unique protein IDs, including a number of uncharacterized proteins. Here we discuss those proteins that may contribute to the unusual structure of the Culex sperm flagellum, as well as potential regulators of calcium mobilization and phosphorylation pathways that regulate motility. This database will prove useful for understanding the mechanisms that activate and maintain sperm motility as well as identify potential molecular targets for mosquito population control.
Reliability of species detection in 16S microbiome analysis: Comparison of five widely used pipelines and recommendations for a more standardized approach
Authors: Hiergeist Andreas , Ruelle Jean , Emler Stefan , Gessner André
Published: February 2023

The use of NGS-based testing of the bacterial microbiota is often impeded by inconsistent or non-reproducible results, especially when applying different analysis pipelines and reference databases. We investigated five frequently used software packages by submitting the same monobacterial datasets to them, representing the V1-2 and the V3-4 regions of the 16S-rRNA gene of 26 well characterized strains, which were sequenced by the Ion Torrent™ GeneStudio S5 system. The results obtained were divergent and calculations of relative abundance did not yield the expected 100%. We investigated these inconsistencies and were able to attribute them to failures either of the pipelines themselves or of the reference databases they rely on. On the basis of these findings, we recommend certain standards which should help to render microbiome testing more consistent and reproducible, and thus useful in clinical practice.
Procalcitonin detection in human plasma specimens using a fast version of proximity extension assay
Authors: Bedin Frederic , Benoit Vincent , Ferrazzi Elsa , Aufradet Emeline , Boulet Laurent , Rubens Agnes , Dalbon Pascal , Imbaud Pierre
Published: February 2023

An exciting trend in clinical diagnostics is the development of easy-to-use, minimally invasive assays for screening and prevention of disease at the point of care. Proximity Extension Assay (PEA), an homogeneous, dual-recognition immunoassay, has proven to be sensitive, specific and convenient for detection or quantitation of one or multiple analytes in human plasma. In this paper, the PEA principle was applied to the detection of procalcitonin (PCT), a widely used biomarker for the identification of bacterial infection. A simple, short PEA protocol, with an assay time suitable for point-of-care diagnostics, is presented here as a proof of concept. Pairs of oligonucleotides and monoclonal antibodies were selected to generate tools specifically adapted to the development of an efficient PEA for PCT detection. The assay time was reduced by more than 13-fold compared to published versions of PEA, without significantly affecting assay performance. It was also demonstrated that T4 DNA polymerase could advantageously be replaced by other polymerases having strong 3’>5’ exonuclease activity. The sensitivity of this improved assay was determined to be about 0.1 ng/mL of PCT in plasma specimen. The potential use of such an assay in an integrated system for the low-plex detection of biomarkers in human specimen at the point of care was discussed.
Characterizing the consensus residue specificity and surface of BCL-2 binding to BH3 ligands using the Knob-Socket model
Authors: Yi Jennifer , Kellner Vivian , Joo Hyun , Chien Nathaniel , Patel Shivarni , Chaban Zaina , Tsai Jerry
Published: February 2023

Cancer cells bypass cell death by changing the expression of the BCL-2 family of proteins, which are apoptotic pathway regulators. Upregulation of pro-survival BCL-2 proteins or downregulation of cell death effectors BAX and BAK interferes with the initiation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. In normal cells, apoptosis can occur through pro-apoptotic BH3-only proteins interacting and inhibiting pro-survival BCL-2 proteins. When cancer cells over-express pro-survival BCL-2 proteins, a potential remedy is the sequestration of these pro-survival proteins through a class of anti-cancer drugs called BH3 mimetics that bind in the hydrophobic groove of pro-survival BCL-2 proteins. To improve the design of these BH3 mimetics, the packing interface between BH3 domain ligands and pro-survival BCL-2 proteins was analyzed using the Knob-Socket model to identify the amino acid residues responsible for interaction affinity and specificity. A Knob-Socket analysis organizes all the residues in a binding interface into simple 4 residue units: 3-residue sockets defining surfaces on a protein that pack a 4th residue knob from the other protein. In this way, the position and composition of the knobs packing into sockets across the BH3/BCL-2 interface can be classified. A Knob-Socket analysis of 19 BCL-2 protein and BH3 helix co-crystals reveal multiple conserved binding patterns across protein paralogs. Conserved knob residues such as a Gly, Leu, Ala and Glu most likely define binding specificity in the BH3/BCL-2 interface, whereas other residues such as Asp, Asn, and Val are important for forming surface sockets that bind these knobs. These findings can be used to inform the design of BH3 mimetics that are specific to pro-survival BCL-2 proteins for cancer therapeutics.
Status and determinants of saving behavior and intensity in pastoral and agro-pastoral communities of Afar regional state, Ethiopia
Authors: Asfaw Dagmawe Menelek , Belete Atinkugn Assefa , Nigatu Abibual Getachew , Habtie Getnet Mamo
Published: February 2023

Saving is a crucial tool for enhancing the livelihoods of pastoral and agro-pastoral communities, but due to a number of factors, its status and intensity are still in their infancy. Because of this, the current state of saving practices, their causes, and the size of pastoral and agro-pastoral communities are all examined in this study. A multi-stage sampling process was used to determine the 600 typical selected households. In order to assess the data, a double hurdle model was used. From the descriptive analysis result, only 35% of pastoral and agro-pastoral groups were savers. In comparison to their counterparts, households who have access to credit, are financially literate, engage in non-farm activities, cultivate crops in addition to livestock husbandry, use informal financial institutions, are educated, and wealthier are more likely to be savers and eager to save a larger amount of property. Households with more livestock and who live far away from formal financial institutions, on the other hand, are less likely to be savers and save only a small fraction of their income. Male-headed families are more likely to participate in saving decisions, whereas female-headed households must save more than their male counterparts once they have opted to save. Instead of relying on ineffective monetary policy (changing interest rates), any concerned bodies should emphasize mixed farming practices, establish financial institutions nearby to improve saving habits, provide non-farm training, and empower women in order to close the gap between savers and non-savers and mobilize resources to save and invest. Furthermore, raise awareness of financial institutions’ products and services, as well as provide credit.
The role of Atg16 in autophagy, anthocyanin biosynthesis, and programmed cell death in leaves of the lace plant (Aponogeton madagascariensis)
Authors: Rowarth Nathan M. , Dauphinee Adrian N. , Lacroix Christian R. , Gunawardena Arunika H. L. A. N.
Published: February 2023

Aponogeton madagascariensis, commonly known as the lace plant, produces leaves that form perforations by programmed cell death (PCD). Leaf development is divided into several stages beginning with “pre-perforation” furled leaves enriched with red pigmentation from anthocyanins. The leaf blade is characterized by a series of grids known as areoles bounded by veins. As leaves develop into the “window stage”, anthocyanins recede from the center of the areole towards the vasculature creating a gradient of pigmentation and cell death. Cells in the middle of the areole that lack anthocyanins undergo PCD (PCD cells), while cells that retain anthocyanins (non-PCD cells) maintain homeostasis and persist in the mature leaf. Autophagy has reported roles in survival or PCD promotion across different plant cell types. However, the direct involvement of autophagy in PCD and anthocyanin levels during lace plant leaf development has not been determined. Previous RNA sequencing analysis revealed the upregulation of autophagy-related geneAtg16transcripts in pre-perforation and window stage leaves, but how Atg16 affects PCD in lace plant leaf development is unknown. In this study, we investigated the levels of Atg16 in lace plant PCD by treating whole plants with either an autophagy promoter rapamycin or inhibitors concanamycin A (ConA) or wortmannin. Following treatments, window and mature stage leaves were harvested and analyzed using microscopy, spectrophotometry, and western blotting. Western blotting showed significantly higher Atg16 levels in rapamycin-treated window leaves, coupled with lower anthocyanin levels. Wortmannin-treated leaves had significantly lower Atg16 protein and higher anthocyanin levels compared to the control. Mature leaves from rapamycin-treated plants generated significantly fewer perforations compared to control, while wortmannin had the opposite effect. However, ConA treatment did not significantly change Atg16 levels, nor the number of perforations compared to the control, but anthocyanin levels did increase significantly in window leaves. We propose autophagy plays a dual role in promoting cell survival in NPCD cells by maintaining optimal anthocyanin levels and mediating a timely cell death in PCD cells in developing lace plant leaves. How autophagy specifically affects anthocyanin levels remained unexplained.
Prediction of crossover recombination using parental genomes
Authors: Peñuela Mauricio , Riccio-Rengifo Camila , Finke Jorge , Rocha Camilo , Gkanogiannis Anestis , Wing Rod A. , Lorieux Mathias
Published: February 2023

Meiotic recombination is a crucial cellular process, being one of the major drivers of evolution and adaptation of species. In plant breeding, crossing is used to introduce genetic variation among individuals and populations. While different approaches to predict recombination rates for different species have been developed, they fail to estimate the outcome of crossings between two specific accessions. This paper builds on the hypothesis that chromosomal recombination correlates positively to a measure of sequence identity. It presents a model that uses sequence identity, combined with other features derived from a genome alignment (including the number of variants, inversions, absent bases, and CentO sequences) to predict local chromosomal recombination in rice. Model performance is validated in an inter-subspecific indica x japonica cross, using 212 recombinant inbred lines. Across chromosomes, an average correlation of about 0.8 between experimental and prediction rates is achieved. The proposed model, a characterization of the variation of the recombination rates along the chromosomes, can enable breeding programs to increase the chances of creating novel allele combinations and, more generally, to introduce new varieties with a collection of desirable traits. It can be part of a modern panel of tools that breeders can use to reduce costs and execution times of crossing experiments.
A product-driven system with an evolutionary algorithm to increase flexibility in planning a job shop
Authors: Sáez Patricio , Herrera Carlos , Booth Camila , Belmokhtar-Berraf Sana , Parada Victor
Published: February 2023

The scheduling of a job shop production system occurs using models to plan operations for a given period while minimizing the makespan. However, since the resulting mathematical models are computationally demanding, their implementation in the work environment is impractical, a difficulty that increases as the scale problem grows. An alternative approach is to address the problem in a decentralized manner, such that real-time product flow information feeds the control system to minimize the makespan dynamically. Under the decentralized approach, we use a holonic and multiagent systems to represent a product-driven job shop system that allows us to simulate real-world scenarios. However, the computational performance of such systems to control the process in real-time and for different problem scales is unclear. This paper presents a product-driven job shop system model that includes an evolutionary algorithm to minimize the makespan. A multiagent system simulates the model and produces comparative results for different problem scales with classical models. One hundred two job shop problem instances classified as small, medium, and large scale are evaluated. The results suggest that a product-driven system produces near-optimal solutions in short periods and improves its performance as the scale of the problem increases. Furthermore, the computational performance observed during the experimentation suggests that such a system can be embedded in a real-time control process.
Intrinsic velocity differences between larynx raising and larynx lowering
Authors: Kleiner Christian , Häsner Patrick , Birkholz Peter
Published: February 2023

In this study, 23 subjects produced cyclic transitions between rounded vowels and unrounded vowels as in /o-i-o-i-o-…/ at two specific speaking rates. Rounded vowels are typically produced with a lower larynx position than unrounded vowels. This contrast in vertical larynx position was further amplified by producing the unrounded vowels with a higher pitch than the rounded vowels. The vertical larynx movements of each subject were measured by means of object tracking in laryngeal ultrasound videos. The results indicate that larynx lowering was on average 26% faster than larynx raising, and that this velocity difference was more pronounced in woman than in men. Possible reasons for this are discussed with a focus on specific biomechanical properties. The results can help to interpret vertical larynx movements with regard to underlying neural control and aerodynamic conditions, and to improve movement models for articulatory speech synthesis.
Comparing the effects of dynamic and holding isometric contractions on cardiovascular, perceptual, and near-infrared spectroscopy parameters: A pilot study
Authors: Santarém Daniel , Machado Isabel , Sampaio Jaime , Abrantes Catarina
Published: February 2023

The aim of this pilot study was to assess the effect of muscle contraction type on SmO2 during a dynamic contraction protocol (DYN) and a holding isometric contraction protocol (ISO) in the back squat exercise. Ten voluntary participants (age: 26.6 ± 5.0 years, height: 176.8 ± 8.0 cm, body mass: 76.7 ± 8.1 kg, and one-repetition maximum (1RM): 112.0 ± 33.1 kg) with back squat experience were recruited. The DYN consisted of 3 sets of 16 repetitions at 50% of 1RM (56.0 ± 17.4 kg), with a 120-second rest interval between sets and 2 seconds per movement cycle. The ISO consisted of 3 sets of 1 isometric contraction with the same weight and duration as the DYN (32 seconds). Through near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in the vastus lateralis (VL), soleus (SL), longissimus (LG), and semitendinosus (ST) muscles, the minimum SmO2 (SmO2 min), mean SmO2 (SmO2 avg), percent change from baseline (SmO2 Δdeoxy) and time to recovery 50% of baseline value (t SmO2 50%reoxy) were determined. No changes in SmO2 avg were found in the VL, LG, and ST muscles, however the SL muscle had lower values in DYN, in the 1st set (p = 0.002) and in the 2nd set (p = 0.044). In terms of SmO2 min and ΔSmO2 deoxy, only the SL muscle showed differences (p≤0.05) and lower values in the DYN compared to ISO regardless of the set. The t SmO2 50%reoxy was higher in the VL muscle after ISO, only in the 3rd set. These preliminary data suggested that varying the type of muscle contraction in back squat with the same load and exercise time resulted in a lower SmO2 min in the SL muscle in DYN, most likely because of a higher demand for specialized muscle activation, indicating a larger oxygen supply-consumption gap.
The effects of social media (Snapchat) interventions on the knowledge of oral health during pregnancy among pregnant women in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aboalshamat Khalid , Alharbi Jomana , Alharthi Sharifah , Alnifaee Alaa , Alhusayni Amal , Alhazmi Reem
Published: February 2023

Background

There is growing interest in using social media to improve pregnant women’s well-being. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of social media (Snapchat) dissemination of health-promoting interventions on knowledge of oral health during pregnancy among pregnant women in Saudi Arabia.

Materials and methods

Using a single-blinded parallel group randomized controlled trial design, 68 volunteers were assigned to either a study group (SG) or a control group (CG). The SG received information about oral health during pregnancy via Snapchat, while the CG received the same information using WhatsApp. The participants were assessed three times: T1 prior to the intervention, T2 immediately following the intervention, and T3 as a follow-up 1 month later.

Results

A total of 63 participants completed the study in the SG or CG. According to paired t-test, total knowledge scores in the SG and CG increased significantly from T1 to T2 (p < 0.001) and from T1 to T3 (p < 0.001), but there was no significant change from T2 to T3 in either the SG or CG (p  =  0.699 and p  =  0.111, respectively). Using t-test, no significant differences were found between the SG and CG at T2 (p  =  0.263) or T3 (p  =  0.622). Also using t-test, no significant differences were found in the scores of the SG and CG from T2 to T1 (p  =  0.720), T3 to T2 (p  =  0.339), or T3 to T1 (p  =  0.969).

Conclusions

Using social media (e.g., Snapchat and WhatsApp) as a health-promoting intervention is a promising method for improving women’s knowledge about oral health during pregnancy for short term. However, further studies are needed to compare social media with conventional standard lecturing methods. also, to assess the longevity of the impact (short or long term).
Essays on Production and Trade in Late Medieval Iberia and the Mediterranean: 1100-1500
Authors: Miranda Flávio
Published: February 2023

A partir do século X, avanços técnicos e tecnológicos na agricultura resultaram num aumento considerável da área cultivada na Europa, contribuindo para uma progressiva integração de mercados. Este impulso económico aconteceu durante uma época de profundas mudanças políticas, sociais e religiosas. Em certas partes da Europa, as cidades-estado tornaram-se modelos políticos, quebrando estruturas de governação anteriores e abrindo caminho a uma nova era de vida urbana e de crescimento económico. Este período foi, igualmente, marcado pelo apogeu do Islão no Médio Oriente, no Magrebe e na Península Ibérica, com os seus povos a revolucionarem as práticas agrícolas. Através de casos de estudo, este livro ambiciona entender como é que estas peças da economia medieval funcionaram e evoluíram, identificar as especificidades regionais, e apresentar as consequências do comércio local, regional e internacional no quotidiano das pessoas.
A Study on the Reinforcement of Forest Carbon Sinks through the Improvement of Reforestation Acts for Forest Fire Damaged Areas
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Sung Joon Kyoung , Yun Hoa-Young , Yang Bong Suk , Byeon Jihui , Kang Kyu-Young
Published: February 2023

Maintaining and promoting forest carbon sinks in response to climate change is a very important issue. Korea has also established a plan to increase forest carbon uptake under the 2050 Carbon Neutrality Scenarios. The acts related to the current reforestation of forest fire damaged areas, the ‘Act on the Management and Improvement of Carbon Sink’, the ‘Forest Protection Act’, and the ‘Creation and Management of Forest Resources Act’ were analyzed in this study. As a result, problems of the current restoration of forest damage areas and potential improvements were proposed. First, supplementations of the laws and regulations are needed to induce private participation on the carbon offset project currently in effect. Second, in consideration of the fragmentary ownership of private forests, responsibilities for reforestation of forest fire damaged areas should be clearly classified by region and size. Finally, reforestation of forest fire damaged areas by utilizing the carbon offset project of the Forest Carbon Center and its institutionalization was proposed.
Recobrimento radicular de recessões gengivais múltiplas pela técnica VISTA (Vestibular Incision Subperiosteal Tunnel Access): relato de caso clínico
Authors: Chaves Aline Rocha , Caetano Ana Clara Ferreira , Avelar Kimberlly De Paula , Freitas Iuri Dornelas Prates , Fernandes Daniel Guião , Amormino Simone Angelica de Faria
Published: February 2023

OBJETIVO: Apresentar um relato de caso onde foi realizado o recobrimento radicular por uma modificação da técnica de tunelização subperiosteal por incisão vestibular (VISTA). As modificações da técnica original foram: a presença de incisões na região posterior e a inserção do enxerto a partir de tais incisões, diminuindo a chance de laceração do retalho e das papilas. A escolha da técnica foi baseada na necessidade de um procedimento conservador e previsível, visto que a paciente apresentava fenótipo fino e recessões que mediam até 4 mm. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Paciente do sexo feminino, 45 anos de idade, com múltiplas recessões RT1 de Cairo na região dos dentes #14 a #24 e #34 a #45. O tratamento escolhido foi a tunelização associada à técnica VISTA modificada, associada ao enxerto de tecido conjuntivo subepitelial e recobrimento da área doadora utilizando-se membranas de PRF (Fibrina Rica em Plaquetas) associada a placa de Hawley. A dor pós-operatória foi medida a partir de uma Escala Visual Analógica (EVA). RESULTADOS: Ao exame clínico pós-cirúrgico, foi possível notar o recobrimento radicular total da região tratada. A paciente apresentou baixos níveis de dor após três, sete e quatorze dias do procedimento. CONCLUSÃO: A técnica VISTA é uma alternativa previsível e minimamente invasiva para tratamento de recessões RT1 múltiplas. A utilização de PRF associada à placa de Hawley favoreceu a cicatrização, além de trazer conforto à paciente no período pós-operatório.
Novidades na Brazilian Journal of Periodontology
Authors: Cortelli Sheila C. , Rovai Emanuel S.
Published: February 2023

Pensando em evoluir sempre e buscando otimizar o processo editorial, a Brazilian Journal of Periodontology passará a utilizar a plataforma de submissão mundialmente conhecida ScholarOne Manuscripts. A plataforma ScholarOne Manuscripts possui novas ferramentas e contribuirá para simplificar os procedimentos de submissão e o acompanhamento do fluxo editorial para os autores que desejam publicar seus manuscritos na Brazilian Journal of Periodontology. A ScholarOne Manuscripts é uma plataforma eletrônica de editoração de periódicos científicos da Clarivate Analytics (Thomson Reuters) e está associada a grandes editoras e bases de dados científicas mundo afora, sendo uma plataforma internacional, que padroniza os processos de editoração entre os periódicos com grande fator de impacto.
Cirurgia plástica periodontal: determinantes de sucesso relativos ao paciente — revisão narrativa
Authors: Oliveira Clara Fernandes Viana de , Rocha Luiz Eduardo Monteiro Dias da
Published: February 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: Certos fatores podem infl uenciar no resultado da cirurgia de recobrimento radicular, como: características anatômicas (extensão óssea, dimensão da papila interdental tamanho do defeito, espessura do retalho e localização do dente); outros fatores relacionados ao paciente, como tabagismo e doenças sistêmicas; e, também, fatores cirúrgicos/técnicos. OBJETIVO: O presente estudo apresenta uma revisão da literatura e examina aspectos relacionados ao paciente que podem infl uenciar no resultado da cirurgia plástica periodontal. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: As bases de dados PubMed foram pesquisadas sem restrições de data ou idioma. As listas de estudos elegíveis foram, então, selecionadas manualmente. A pesquisa foi realizada por um único autor utilizando as palavras-chave "periodonto" ou "recessão gengival" e "retalhos cirúrgicos" ou "cirurgia plástica". O revisor selecionou os principais estudos relacionados ao tema com base no título, no resumo e na leitura na íntegra. Os que não eram relevantes foram excluídos. RESULTADOS: Foram encontrados 29.704 estudos. Os estudos em inglês mais relevantes foram incluídos com base na leitura do título e do resumo. Trinta estudos foram selecionados após a leitura total. CONCLUSÃO: O cirurgião deve considerar todos os fatores relativos ao paciente, como características anatômicas, comportamento e doenças sistêmicas que possam exercer infl uência durante ou após o procedimento cirúrgico. O grau de recessão, espessura gengival e tamanho da papila podem infl uenciar o resultado. O controle do biofi lme é essencial após a cirurgia. O tabagismo pode fazer com que a resposta seja menos satisfatória, principalmente quando em combinação com o mau controle do biofi lme, pois ocorre um efeito sinérgico.
Koncept album – między teorią a praktyką i literaturą a muzyką. Próba wyostrzenia definicji i propozycja metody badania mechanizmów spójności
Authors: Barski Kamil
Published: February 2023

In its title, this article indicates two purposes. The first is to attempt to give a precise description of the category of the concept album, whose specificity (also in the opinion of foreign researchers) is usually described in a blurred, intuitive and rather imprecise way. This attempt is made through reference to the literary side of this kind of album. Based on these reflections, the author also attempts to create a typology of concept albums, which constitutes a fluent transition to the second purpose of the article, namely to propose (in terms of this field of knowledge, which we call linguistics of text and discourse) a method for analysing the coherence mechanisms seen in lyrics of this sort of album. Although it is not a theory in the strict sense, the author’s intention was to lend it a practical usability: it is an operation whose purpose is to support the interpretation of concept albums.
Generalized Bessel matrix functions
Authors: Patel Farhatbanu H. , Jana Ranjan K. , Shukla Ajay K.
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we discuss the generalized Bessel matrix functions and their integral representations.
Also, we derive some properties using integral transform and fractional calculus of these functions.
Real movement or systematic errors? – TLS-based deformation analysis of a concrete wall
Authors: Jost Berit , Coopmann Daniel , Holst Christoph , Kuhlmann Heiner
Published: February 2023

Performing deformation analyses with high accuracy demands using terrestrial laser scanners is very challenging due to insufficient knowledge about the error budget and correlations. Terrestrial laser scans suffer from random and systematic errors that degrade the quality of the point cloud. Even though the vast majority of systematic errors can be calibrated, remaining errors or errors that vary with time or temperature influence spatially neighboring points in the same way. Hence, correlations between the measurements exist. Considering area-based deformation analyses, these correlations have two effects: On the one hand, they reduce the effective number of measurements in the point cloud, which mainly influences the decision of whether the movement is significant or not. On the other hand, correlations caused by systematic errors in the scanner can lead to a misinterpretation as a deformation of the object. Within this study, we analyze the deformation of a concrete wall (9.50 m height, 50 m width), and we develop a workflow that avoids the misinterpretation of correlated measurements as deformations of the object. Therefore, we first calibrate the scanner to reduce the influence of systematic errors. Afterwards, we use the average of two-face measurements from several scanner stations to eliminate remaining systematic errors and correlated measurements. This study demonstrates that systematic effects can lead to errors of a few millimeters that are likely to be interpreted as small deformations, and it provides a strategy to avoid misinterpretation. Hence, it is inevitable either to model or to eliminate systematic errors of the scanner while performing a precise deformation analysis with a magnitude of a few millimeters.
Conditions forcing the existence of relative complements in lattices and posets
Authors: Chajda Ivan , Länger Helmut
Published: February 2023

It is elementary and well known that if an element x of a bounded modular lattice

L

$ \mathbf L $

has a complement in

L

$ \mathbf L $

then x has a relative complement in every interval [a, b] containing x. We show that the relatively strong assumption of modularity of

L

$ \mathbf L $

can be replaced by a weaker one formulated in the language of so-called modular triples. We further show that, in general, we need not suppose that x has a complement in

L

$ \mathbf L $

. By introducing the concept of modular triples in posets, we extend our results obtained for lattices to posets. It should be remarked that the notion of a complement can be introduced also in posets that are not bounded.
Solution of logarithmic coefficients conjectures for some classes of convex functions
Authors: Analouei Adegani Ebrahim , Bulboacă Teodor , Hameed Mohammed Nafya , Zaprawa Paweł
Published: February 2023

In [Logarithmic coefficient bounds and coefficient conjectures for classes associated with convex functions, J. Funct. Spaces 2021 (2021), Art. ID 6690027], Alimohammadi et al. presented a few conjectures for the logarithmic coefficients γ

n
of the functions f belonging to some well-known classes like

C

(
1
+
α
z
)

$ \mathcal{C}(1+\alpha z) $

for α ∈ (0, 1], and

C
V

h
p
l

(
1

/

2
)

$ \mathcal{CV}_{hpl}(1/2) $

. For example, it is conjectured that if the function

f
∈

C

(
1
+
α
z
)

$ f\in\mathcal{C}(1+\alpha z) $

, then the logarithmic coefficients of f satisfy the inequalities

|

γ
n

|

≤

α

2
n
(
n
+
1
)

,

n
∈

N

.

$$ |\gamma_n|\le\dfrac{\alpha}{2n(n+1)},\quad n\in\mathbb{N}.
$$

Equality is attained for the function L

α, n
, that is,

log

L

α
,
n

(
z
)

z

=
2

∑

n
=
1

∞

γ
n

(

L

α
,
n

)

z
n

=

α

n
(
n
+
1
)

z
n

+
…
,

z
∈

U

.

$$ \log\dfrac{L_{\alpha,n}(z)}{z}=2\sum\limits_{n=1}^{\infty}{\gamma_n(L_{\alpha,n})z^n} =\frac{\alpha}{n(n+1)}z^n+\dots,\quad z\in\mathbb{U}.
$$

The aim of this paper is to confirm that these conjectures hold for the coefficient γ

n
0−1 whenever the function f has the form

f
(
z
)
=
z
+

∑

k
=

n

0

∞

a
k

z
k

$ f(z)=z+\sum\limits_{k=n_{0}}^{\infty}{a_kz^k} $

,

z
∈

U

$ z\in\mathbb{U} $

for some

n
0

∈

N

$ n_0\in\mathbb{N} $

, n
0⩾2.
Asymptotic stability of nonlinear neutral delay integro-differential equations
Authors: Nowak Grzegorz , Saker Samir H. , Sikorska-Nowak Aneta
Published: February 2023

In this paper, by using Sadovskii’s fixed point theorem and the properties of the measure of noncompactness, we establish some sufficient conditions for the asymptotic stability results of nonlinear neutral integro-differential equations with variable delays. The results presented in this paper improve and generalize some results in the literature. An example is considered to illustrate our main results.
Tribological properties of UHMWPE/PAANa/Ph4Sn composite materials in seawater lubrication
Authors: Yang Tian , Zhan Shengpeng , Jia Dan , Tu Jiesong , Ma Lixin , Duan Haitao
Published: February 2023

The blended composites with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) as the matrix polymer, sodium polyacrylate (PAANa), and tetraphenyltin (Ph4Sn) as fillers were prepared by hot compression molding process. The friction and wear behavior of GCr15 balls with composites mating pairs under the seawater environment was explored, and the friction and wear mechanism was analyzed. The results show that adding PAANa, a polyelectrolyte material, can effectively reduce the friction coefficient of UHMWPE/PAANa/Ph4Sn composites. The wear resistance of composites increased significantly with increasing Ph4Sn content compared with pure UHMWPE, and the best wear resistance was observed at 1% content. The primary wear mechanism of UHMWPE/PAANa/Ph4Sn composites changed from adhesive wear of pure UHMWPE to plastic deformation at lower PAANa and Ph4Sn contents and finally to adhesive wear and spalling. This work provides a theoretical basis for preparing and applying other polymer blend composites.
Structure elucidation of an aspidofractinine-type monoterpene indole alkaloid from Melodinus reticulatus
Authors: Jagora Adrien , Szwarc Sarah , Litaudon Marc , Dumontet Vincent , Gallard Jean-François , Beniddir Mehdi A. , Le Pogam Pierre
Published: February 2023

The structure and complete NMR assignments of aspidoreticulofractine, an aspidofractinine N-oxide, are reported. Its structure was elucidated based on a combination of spectroscopic techniques including 1D and 2D NMR, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and electronic circular dichroism.