bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGUATAN PARIWISATA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT KUNJUNGAN WISATAWAN DI KABUPATEN BELU, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Qorib Fathul , Fianto Latif , Barru Yosephina Anchieta
Published: July 2023

Tourism is a sector that plays an essential role in efforts to increase income. Indonesia is a country that has natural beauty and cultural diversity, so it is necessary to increase the tourism sector. This study aims to determine the communication strategy the Belu Regency Tourism Office carried out to increase the interest of tourists, especially domestic ones. The research method uses a qualitative approach by collecting data through interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the Tourism Office of the Belu Regency Government has two broad ways of promoting tourism, namely offline/direct socialization and online socialization. Offline/direct outreach is a communication strategy in promoting tourism that involves the community regarding the importance of managing tourist destinations because they are each region's most significant revenue assets. Second, socialization online (social media) through social media such as websites, Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram. Efforts that are smoothly carried out are through publicity via social media because it is easier to monitor, evaluate, and persuade the public overall. The objectives of the Belu Regency Tourism Office have been achieved, but they still need help with minimal human resources and tourist transportation.AbstrakPariwisata telah memberikan kontibusi yang besar dalam meningkatkan keuangan negara, sehingga sektor pariwisata perlu mendapat perhatian serius dalam hal penguatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi komunikasi yang dilakukan Dinas Pariwisata Kabupaten Belu untuk meningkatkan minat wisatawan khususnya domestik. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa Dinas Pariwisata Pemerintah Kabupaten Belu memiliki dua cara promosi wisata secara garis besar yaitu sosialisasi secara offline/langsung dan sosialisasi secara online. Sosialisasi secara offline/langsung adalah strategi komunikasi dalam mempromosikan pariwisata yang dilakukan dengan melibatkan masyarakat mengenai pentingnya mengelola destinasi wisata karena merupakan aset pendapatan terbesar setiap daerah. Kedua, sosialisasi secara online (media social) melalui media sosial seperti website, facebook, youtube, dan Instagram. Upaya yang lancar dilakukan adalah melalui publisitas lewat media sosial karena lebih mudah dimonitoring, dievaluasi dan lebih mudah dalam mempersuasi masyarakat dan secara keseluruahan tujuan Dinas Pariwisata Kabupaten Belu sudah tercapai namun masih mangalami kendala pada SDM dan Transportasi Wisata yang Minim.
Analisis Pengaruh Maintenance Terhadap Performance Peralatan Doppler Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Range (DVOR)
Authors: Ahmad Nusaibah Latifah , Fatonah Feti , Purnomo Sabdo
Published: July 2023

Studi sebelumnya atau studi terkait sangat penting dalam karya ilmiah atau penelitian. Karena belum terdapat pembahasan mengenai pengaruh maintenance terhadap performance peralatan DVOR, maka analisis ini diperlukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh maintenance terhadap performance peralatan DVOR. Dalam pelayanan navigasi penerbangan, peralatan DVOR harus dalam keadaan siap beroperasi, terpelihara serta terawat, maka diperlukan prosedur pemeliharaan (maintenance) dan pelaporan yang telah ditetapkan dalam SKEP 157 Tahun 2003 Tentang Pedoman Pemeliharan dan Pelaporan Peralatan Fasilitas Elektronika dan Listrik Penerbangan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kulitatif dan kajian literatur. Penelitian ini dapat menunjukkan bahwa maintenance memiliki hubungan dan berdampak pada performance peralatan untuk mencapai hasil yang optimal.
Internalisasi Nilai-Nilai Karakter Kewirausahaan Dalam Pembelajaran Keterampilan Tata Boga Di SMALB Tunarungu (Studi Fenomenologi di SLB Negeri Kota Bandung dan Cimahi)
Authors: Saefulah Aep , Sauri Sofyan , Malihah Elly
Published: July 2023

This study aims to reveal phenomena about the process of internalizing entrepreneurial character values in learning culinary skills at SMALB deaf. This research method used a descriptive phenomenological design with a qualitative approach, where the researcher was also a planner who set the focus, selected participants, or informants, as the executor of data collection, interprets data, and draws conclusions. The data was collected using interviews, observation, documentation, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) techniques. The subjects of this study were teachers and principals at SLB Negeri Kota Bandung and Cimahi. The results of this study showed that the internalization of entrepreneurial character values applied in learning culinary skills was based on teacher choices and agreements and educational unit conditions and was outlined in lesson plans, learning implementation, and learning evaluation. The character values developed by the school were based on the character education strengthening program (PPK), which carries 18-character values, including religious, honesty, tolerant, discipline, hardworking, creativity, independence, democratic, curiosity, national spirit, love of the country, respect for achievements, communicative, love of peace, love of reading, care for the environment, care for social, and be responsible.
Model Learning Cycle 5E Berbantuan LKPD Berbasis Three-Dimensional Thinking Graph dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Scientific Reasoning Pada Siswa SMP
Authors: Putri Ristia Hamidita , Nuha Ulin , Supeno Supeno
Published: July 2023

This study aims to analyze the effect of the 5E learning cycle model assisted by LKPD based on a three-dimensional thinking graph on scientific reasoning and the improvement of scientific reasoning. The research method was a quasi-experiment using a non-equivalent control group design. The research subjects consisted of 32 students of class VII SMP. The research instruments were tests and data analysis techniques used: the normality test, the independent sample t-test, and the N-gain test. This study's results showed that the Independent Sample T-Test test obtained a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.000, which means there was a significant effect. The N-gain test results showed a value of 0.51 with moderate criteria. It showed that the 5E learning cycle model assisted by LKPD based on a three-dimensional thinking graph influences scientific reasoning which was shown by an increase in students' scientific reasoning scores.
Strategi Pengembangan Kemampuan Resolusi Konflik Melalui Pembelajaran Sosiologi bagi Peserta Didik Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Hasbi Muh. , Komariah Siti , Wilodati Wilodati
Published: July 2023

This study aims to describe strategies for developing conflict resolution skills through sociology learning for high school students. This research method used case studies with a qualitative approach. The informants in this study were sociology teachers, students, and school principals. Informants were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The data collection in this study was carried out by observation, documentation, and in-depth interviews. The data analysis technique of this research used interactive analysis, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. Testing the validity of the data in this study used a triangulation technique. The results of this study found that the development of conflict resolution skills through sociology learning for students at SMA Negeri 7 Makassar used the case study method. Students analyzed the cases presented by the teacher to find solutions to the problems of these cases. Through the case study method, students practiced dealing with conflict situations and encouraged them to analyze how to deal with conflicts appropriately to develop conflict resolution abilities.
Pengembangan E-LKPD Berbasis Question Prompt Scaffolding untuk Meningkatkan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMP pada Pembelajaran IPA
Authors: Rohma Anggita Wahyuni , Budiarso Aris Singgih , Supeno Supeno
Published: July 2023

The research aims to analyze the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of question prompt scaffolding-based E-LKPD products in improving students' critical thinking skills in science learning. The research method was research and development with the Plomp development model, which has three stages: preliminary research, prototype stage, and assessment phase. The research subjects were 23 class VII students of SMPN 12 Jember. The data analysis technique used qualitative data and quantitative data. The research instruments were validation sheets, learning implementation sheets, student response questionnaires, and pretest and posttest questions. The results of the E-LKPD validation score based on the question prompt scaffolding obtained 79.13% with valid criteria. The practicality of the E-LKPD based on question prompt scaffolding obtained a score of 88.05% with very practical criteria. The effectiveness of the question prompt scaffolding-based E-LKPD obtained an N-gain score of 0.66 with moderate criteria, while student response questionnaire scores obtained an average of 83.33% with good criteria. The results showed that the question prompt scaffolding-based E-LKPD was valid, practical, and effective in improving students' critical thinking skills in science learning.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Berbasis Problem Based Learning pada Muatan Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Isnawati Isnawati , Nurwahidin Muhammad , Samhati Siti , Riswandi Riswandi
Published: July 2023

This study aims to develop and analyze the feasibility and effectiveness of student worksheets based on problem-based learning in the Indonesian language lesson content, theme 1, class V of elementary school. This study used the Research and Development (R&D) method with the Brog & Gall model. The subjects in this study were determined using a purposive sampling technique and obtained as many as 25 students in class V SDN 01 Setia Negara and Negara Batin. The instrument used in this study was a multiple-choice test instrument that had been tested for validity, reliability, discriminatory power, and difficulty level of the questions. The results of this study indicated that student worksheets based on problem-based learning were very feasible and effective to use. Test the effectiveness of using N-Gain with a calculation result 0.60 with independent test results t test sig. 0.01<0.05. Based on this research, problem-based learning student worksheets on developed Indonesian language lesson content were feasible and effective for improving student learning outcomes on theme 1 class V of elementary school.
Development of a WordPress-Based Learning Website to Train Students' Visual Intelligence on Chemical Equilibrium Material
Authors: Azizah Putri Nur , Lutfi Achmad
Published: July 2023

This research aims to develop a WordPress-based chemistry learning website that can train students' visual intelligence on chemical equilibrium material. This study used the 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate), which was limited to the development stage with limited trials conducted in class XI SMAN 1 Cerme Gresik. The instruments used in this study were media validation sheets, practicality questionnaires, student activity observation sheets, and cognitive and visual intelligence learning outcomes test sheets. The data from this study were analyzed descriptively quantitatively, with a validity score of≥3, a percentage of practicality obtained ≥61%, and the effectiveness analyzed using N-Gain and t-test. The results showed that WordPress-based chemistry learning website media was feasible to use and could train visual intelligence to students. That is because chemistry learning websites have mode four validity, categorized as very valid. Then the percentage of practicality obtained from the student response questionnaire was 96.21% with a very practical category and was measured by observing student activities with relevant activities at meeting 1 of 91.85% and meeting 2 of 90.74% so that the media can be said to be very practical. The effectiveness of the media was measured based on the posttest results with the N-Gain score obtained on cognitive learning outcomes of 0.75 and visual intelligence learning outcomes of 0.73 with a high category so that the website media was said to be effective. Wilcoxon test results showed that cognitive learning outcomes had a significance value of 0.000, and visual intelligence learning outcomes had a significance value of 0.000, indicating a significant variation between pretest and posttest results because of the significant value <0.05.
Development of Flipped Guided Inquiry Learning (FGIL) System Using Discord Application on Chemical Equilibrium
Authors: Ananda Restu , Mawardi Mawardi , Suryani Okta
Published: July 2023

This study aims to develop and analyze the validity and practicality of the Flipped Guided Inquiry Learning (FGIL) system using Discord application on chemical equilibrium. The research method used was Educational Design Research (EDR) with the Plomp model. Chemistry lecturers and teachers were experts and 12 students of grade XI SMAN 8 Padang who became subjects in this development research. The instruments used were the validity sheet for content validity and construct validity tests which were then processed using Aiken's V formula. In contrast, the practicality test's teacher and student response surveys included a practicality percentage. Based on the analysis results, it was found that the V values for content and construct validity were 0.88; and 0.89, with a valid category. Practicality results showed a value of 92% for students and 93% for teachers with a practical category. Therefore, the learning system created is reliable and useful for teaching.
Comparison of Intraocular Pressure Measurements Obtained Using Three Tonometers after Descemet Membrane Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty
Authors: Choi Jeong Mun , Kang Yong Koo , Kim Hong Kyun , Kim Dai Woo
Published: July 2023

Purpose: To compare the level of agreement between the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT), iCare IC200 rebound tonometer (IRT), and noncontact tonometer (NCT) in patients who underwent Descemet membrane stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK), and to identify factors contributing to variations in intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements among the three tonometers.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 41 patients who underwent DSEK. IOP was measured using NCT, IRT, and GAT, in this order. We evaluated the level of agreement among IOP measurements using the three tonometers, and analyzed whether clinical factors affected the results.Results: We analyzed 49 eyes of 41 patients (average age: 62.0 years). The IOP values measured by IRT and NCT were lower than those measured by GAT, although the difference was not significant (p = 0.098 and p = 0.320, respectively). A Bland-Altman plot showed greater agreement between IOP measurements obtained by IRT and GAT than those obtained by NCT and GAT. In multivariate regression analysis, the IOP measured by GAT (β = 0.215, p = 0.022), corneal curvature (β = -1.692, p = 0.037), and postoperative duration (β = 0.042, p = 0.018) affected the difference in IOPs measured by GAT and IRT. The IOP measured by GAT (β = 0.301, p = 0.013) and corneal curvature (β = -2.670, p = 0.010) affected the difference in IOP measurements obtained by GAT and NCT.Conclusions: In DSEK eyes, IRT showed good agreement and high correlation with GAT, suggesting that it is useful for IOP measurement. However, the IOP measured by GAT, corneal curvature, and postoperative duration should be considered when measuring IOP with an IRT.
Aqueous Misdirection Syndrome after Laser Iridotomy in a Patient with Intermediate Uveitis
Authors: Ha Dong Hee , Choi Sang Uk , Jeong Jae Hoon , Kim Hee Sung , Chun Yeoun Sook
Published: July 2023

Purpose: We report a case of aqueous misdirection syndrome triggered by pilocarpine use after laser iridotomy, which was treated by pars plana vitrectomy and phacoemulsification.Case summary: A 48-year-old female patient presented with sudden-onset right eye pain and decreased vision. The patient had presented to another institute with similar symptoms 20 days prior; she had been diagnosed with acute angle closure. Laser iridotomy was performed, followed by administration of pilocarpine twice daily. In the right eye, visual acuity was hand motion, and intraocular pressure was 31 mmHg. The laser iridotomy site was located at the 11 o’clock position; microcysts, anterior chamber cells, corneal endothelium precipitates, and glaukomflecken were observed. The anterior chamber was shallow due to forward movement of the lens and iris. Despite the application of atropine and pressure-lowering eyedrops, anterior chamber shallowing continued along with a progressive myopic shift of -4.5 diopters. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with aqueous misdirection syndrome. Pars plana vitrectomy was performed, followed by phacoemulsification, intraocular lens insertion, and posterior capsulotomy. During surgery, vitreous inflammation, a peripheral snowball, and an anterior hyaloid inflammatory membrane were observed, indicating the presence of intermediate uveitis.Conclusions: The administration of miotics after laser iridotomy, intraocular inflammation, and uveitis can lead to aqueous misdirection syndrome. Effective treatment of aqueous misdirection syndrome involves controlling inflammation and performing surgery.
Adenocarcinoma de saco anal em canino: Relato de caso
Authors: Moraes Rayssa Emiliavaca de , Ataide Michelli Westphal de , Santos Vitória Rigon dos , Seibel Renata , Dieterich Júnior João Renato
Published: July 2023

A região perianal de caninos é constituída por grupos celulares e glandulares específicos que podem originar diferentes tipos de neoplasias. Um dos principais tumores malignos desse sítio é o adenocarcinoma de saco anal, o qual afeta as glândulas apócrinas do saco anal de cães com idade mais avançada. O diagnóstico da neoplasia é realizado através do conjunto de informações clínicas, citológicas e/ou histológicas. O tratamento compreende a excisão tumoral associada à quimioterapia ou radioterapia e o prognóstico é reservado. Este relato tem como objetivo descrever o caso cirúrgico de um canino da raça West Terrier, macho, castrado, 9 anos de idade, que apresentava aumento em região perianal direita em decorrência de um adenocarcinoma de saco anal, o qual foi tratado com o procedimento cirúrgico de exérese.
Controle biológico de doenças foliares na soja
Authors: Abrantes Matheus Faria , Marques Mônica Lau da Silva , Santos Tassia Tuane Moreira dos , Jesus Jéssica Maria Israel de , Martins Adriana Lau da Silva , Sousa Antônio Evamir Cavalcante , Rangel Wesley de Melo
Published: July 2023

A cultura da soja vem se destacando cada vez mais no cenário nacional. Grandes avanços e melhorias na produtividade foram alcançados. No entanto, ainda há fatores limitantes que influenciam seu desempenho, principalmente as doenças foliares. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho do biofungicida, Bacillus subtilis BV02, no controle de doenças foliares da soja. O ensaio foi realizado na estação experimental da Semear, Campinorte – Goiás, com delineamento de blocos inteiramente casualizados (DBC), composto por 6 tratamentos com 4 repetições. As observações foram feitas por meio de avaliações de folhas do terço inferior, médio e superior, comparando com as escalas diagramáticas. Ademais, foram analisadas a desfolha, incidência de doenças, produtividade e peso de mil grãos (PMG). Inicialmente obteve-se uma baixa pressão de mancha parda, porém ao final do ciclo a doença se intensificou juntamente com outra DFC, onde o tratamento 3 e 6 obtiveram melhores resultados. Já a ferrugem asiática, apresentou uma alta incidência, resultando em uma desfolha precoce nos tratamentos 1, 4 e 5, enquanto nos tratamentos 3, 2 e 6, foi observado um bom controle. O tratamento 3 teve produtividade similar ao T6, de forma que sobressaíram        T2, sendo a produtividade deste similar ao T5. Portanto, a utilização de fungicida biológico associado ao químico demonstrou um melhor resultado, de forma que os biofungicidas podem ser uma importante ferramenta no manejo integrado das doenças foliares, que impactam na produtividade da cultura.
Motivos para reviver o Pacto Nacional pelo fortalecimento do Ensino Médio em meio à reformulação curricular no Brasil
Authors: Brito Daniel Azevedo de , Silva Silvina Pimentel , Lima Leiliane Frota Correia , Castro Francisco Mirtiel Frankson Moura , Oliveira Cosmo Mauro de
Published: July 2023

A legislação educacional é modificada periodicamente com base em diversos fatores e interesses presentes na sociedade. Uma tentativa de reforma do Ensino Médio brasileiro está em curso, mesmo sendo alvo de inúmeras críticas. Em torno desta temática, este trabalho tem como objetivo elencar aspectos do Pacto Nacional pelo fortalecimento do Ensino Médio (PNEM) que poderiam ser úteis a este momento de discussão sobre alterações curriculares: seja para negar totalmente a proposta posta, posição aqui defendida, ou para alterar pontos específicos do texto. Este estudo é caracterizado como documental e de revisão da literatura, sendo produzido numa abordagem qualitativa. Foi analisado o documento original do projeto, bem como artigos de referência pesquisados no portal de periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior sobre textos que elencassem os benefícios percebidos no PNEM que poderiam ser úteis ao contexto atual. De modo geral, os argumentos destacados foram: ressignificação da profissão docente; qualificação da escolha do livro didático; base para o exercício docente em novas possibilidades curriculares; reflexão sobre a educação profissional. O PNEM não é uma fórmula mágica que irá vencer os desafios impostos pela situação atual. Mas o fato é que sem um olhar e ação docente mais qualificados, tais melhorias dificilmente serão alcançadas.
FARMASÖTİK ENDÜSTRİDE FARMA 4.0 YAKLAŞIMI
Authors: BEBEK Gözde , AKDAG Yagmur , ÖNER Levent
Published: July 2023

Amaç: Bu derlemede, teknolojideki gelişmelerin farmasötik endüstri bakış açısı ile değerlendirilmesi ve gelişen teknoloji ile ortaya çıkan Farma 4.0 yaklaşımının farmasötik üretim ve Ar-Ge alanlarına etkisinin tartışılması amaçlanmıştır.
Sonuç ve Tartışma: Farmasötik endüstri, teknolojik gelişmelerin öncelikle uygulandığı en önemli endüstri alanlarından biridir. Bununla birlikte, kaliteli, etkili ve güvenli ilaç üretme gerekliliği çoğu zaman farmasötik endüstrinin teknolojik gelişmeleri eş zamanlı takibi açısından kısıtlayıcı bir etken olarak görülmüştür. İlaç üretiminde konvansiyonel sistemlerin kullanılması ile yaşanan zorluklar, ilaç üreticilerini kaçınılmaz olarak ve teknolojik gelişmeler doğrultusunda verimli alternatifler aramaya yöneltmiştir. Endüstri 4.0 kavramının ortaya çıkması ile bu yaklaşımın farmasötik endüstrideki uygulanabilirliği tartışılmaya başlanmıştır. Yapay zeka, nesnelerin interneti, makine öğrenimi ve bulut sistemler, Endüstri 4.0’ın temel bileşenlerini oluşturmaktadır. Veri ve deney tasarımlarının oldukça önemli olduğu ilaç keşfi ve formülasyon geliştirme alanlarında bu bileşenlerin kullanımı verimlilik, etkililik ve güvenlik açısından büyük bir potansiyele sahiptir. Endüstri 4.0 kavramının farmasötik alandaki karşılığı olarak tanımlanan Farma 4.0, verimliliği artırmasının yanında çevreci üretim sistemleri kurmayı da vadeden ve böylece sürdürülebilirliği destekleyen bir yaklaşımdır. Yeni endüstri devrimi ile tüm dünyanın büyük bir dönüşüm içerisine girdiği teknoloji çağında, farmasötik endüstrinin de bu gelişmelere en kısa sürede uyum sağlaması gerekmektedir.
Stomach content characterisation of the marine range-shifting Octopus tetricus using DNA metabarcoding
Authors: Ramos JE , Roura Á , Strugnell JM , Moltschaniwskyj NA , Bargiela R , Pecl GT
Published: July 2023

The common Sydney octopus Octopus tetricus has undergone range extension along the east coast of Australia, associated with regional warming and the strengthening and southward extension of the East Australian Current (EAC). Its historical range of distribution is from southern Queensland to southern New South Wales, but it is now also found off north-east Tasmania, where it may affect local ecosystem dynamics due to changes in trophic interactions. This study aims to identify the prey and trophic level of O. tetricus from specimens collected off Tasmania to anticipate potential ecological, economic, and conservation effects in the range-extended area. The stomach contents of 18 O. tetricus individuals captured off north-east Tasmania in 2011 were characterised using DNA metabarcoding. Sixteen families of prey were identified; crustaceans (Alpheidae, Calcinidae, Diogenidae, and Galatheidae) were the most frequently detected prey, followed by fishes and bivalves. Prey species of commercial importance included blue-throated wrasse Notolabrus tetricus and the scallop Pecten fumatus. O. tetricus was found to have an intermediate trophic level of 3.66, participating in the transfer of energy from lower to upper trophic levels. Predation by O. tetricus could present competition to local fishers for resources and additional pressure on local fishery stocks, and may alter estimates of natural mortality used by fisheries management. The present study may be useful to scientists, fishery managers, and conservationists because it provides a preliminary assessment of the diet of O. tetricus, with potential ecological, economic, and conservation implications in the range-extended area.
Effects of migrating mesopelagic fishes on the biological carbon pump
Authors: Aksnes DL , Løtvedt AS , Lindemann C , Calleja ML , Morán XAG , Kaarvedt S , Thingstad TF
Published: July 2023

Mesopelagic fishes and invertebrates contribute to the biological carbon pump (BCP) through direct and indirect effects on the gravitational, diffusive, and migrant (active) fluxes. Here, we analyzed the effect of these organisms on total carbon export and sequestration using an idealized depth-resolved food-web model. We constrained a baseline scenario with observations from the Red Sea where mesopelagic fishes perform extensive diel vertical migration (DVM), presumably making them particularly important in carbon export. Our results are consistent with previous studies suggesting that mesopelagic fishes fuel a hotspot of heterotrophic activity in the mesopelagic zone of the Red Sea. While the supply of new nutrients to the euphotic zone is of first order in framing total carbon export and sequestration, we found 2 modulating effects of fish DVM. First, DVM enhances carbon sequestration because active carbon flux attenuates less than the gravitational and diffusive fluxes, and also because migrators fuel the gravitational flux deep into the mesopelagic zone. Secondly, through microbial food-web cascades, fish predation affects the relative contribution of the active and the passive fluxes with non-linear, less intuitive consequences for carbon export and sequestration. These food-web cascades involve a surprisingly large variation in the depth of the euphotic zone that is associated with a ‘diatom nutrient trap’ at the bottom of the euphotic zone.
Riemann Hypothesis on Grönwall's Function
Authors: Vega Frank
Published: July 2023

Grönwall's function $G$ is defined for all natural numbers $n>1$ by $G(n)=\frac{\sigma(n)}{n \cdot \log \log n}$ where $\sigma(n)$ is the sum of the divisors of $n$ and $\log$ is the natural logarithm. We require the properties of extremely abundant numbers, that is to say left to right maxima of $n \mapsto G(n)$. We also use the colossally abundant and hyper abundant numbers. There are several statements equivalent to the famous Riemann hypothesis. We state that the Riemann hypothesis is true if and only if there exist infinitely many pairs $(N,N')$ of consecutive colossally abundant numbers $N< N'$ such that $G(N)< G(N')$. Using this new criterion, we prove that the Riemann hypothesis is true.
On sums involving divisor function, Euler's totient function, and floor function
Authors: Sebata Junya
Published: July 2023

Every positive integer $l \in \mathbb{N}$ can be formed $l = (m + n)d$, provided $gcd(m,n)=1$. From this point of view, the next formulas $n=\sum_{d|l} \varphi(d)$ and $\frac{n(n+1)}{2}=\sum_{k=1}^{n} \varphi(k)[\frac{n}{k}]$, and these equivalence had been proved. In this paper on an extension of these results, the next identity is proved: $\sum_{k=1}^{n} \sum_{\substack{(a+b)c=k \\ gcd(a,b)=1}} f(a,b)\cdot g(c) = \sum_{k=1}^{n} \sum_{\substack{a+b=k \\ gcd(a,b)=1}} f(a,b) \sum_{i\leq [\frac{n}{k}]} g(i) = \sum_{a+b \leq n} f(\frac{a}{gcd(a,b)},\frac{b}{gcd(a,b)})\cdot g(gcd(a,b))$. We also show the next formulas are corollaries of it: $\sum_{k=1}^{n} \tau(k)=\sum_{k=1}^{n} [\frac{n}{k}] = \sum_{a+b \leq n} \frac{1}{\varphi(\frac{a+b}{gcd(a,b)})}$, $\sum_{d|n} f(d)\cdot g(\frac{n}{d}) = \sum_{k = 1}^{n} f(gcd(k,n))\cdot\frac{g(\frac{n}{gcd(k,n)})}{\varphi(\frac{n}{gcd(k,n)})}$, $\sigma(n) = \sum_{k = 1}^{n} \frac{\frac{n}{gcd(k,n)}}{\varphi(\frac{n}{gcd(k,n)})} = \sum_{k = 1}^{n} \frac{gcd(k,n)}{\varphi(\frac{n}{gcd(k,n)})}$, $n = \sum_{k = 1}^{n} \frac{\varphi(gcd(k,n))}{\varphi(\frac{n}{gcd(k,n)})}$, $\sum_{\substack{a+b=n \\ gcd(a,b)=1}} gcd(a-1,b+1) = \sum_{a+b=n} \frac{\varphi(n)}{\varphi(\frac{n}{gcd(a,b)})}$, and so on. In addition to it, we evaluate a sequence $\sum_{k=1}^{n} \varphi(k)\tau(k)$.
Peanut butter feeding induces oral tolerance in genetically diverse collaborative cross mice
Authors: Immormino Robert M. , Smeekens Johanna M. , Mathai Priscilla I. , Kesselring Janelle R. , Turner Andrew V. , Kulis Michael D. , Moran Timothy P.
Published: July 2023

Background

Early dietary introduction of peanut has shown efficacy in clinical trials and driven pediatric recommendations for early introduction of peanut to children with heightened allergy risk worldwide. Unfortunately, tolerance is not induced in every case, and a subset of patients are allergic prior to introduction. Here we assess peanut allergic sensitization and oral tolerance in genetically diverse mouse strains.

Objective

We aimed to determine whether environmental adjuvant-driven airway sensitization and oral tolerance to peanut could be induced in various genetically diverse mouse strains.

Methods

C57BL/6J and 12 Collaborative Cross (CC) mouse strains were fed regular chow or ad libitum peanut butter to induce tolerance. Tolerance was tested by attempting to sensitize mice via intratracheal exposure to peanut and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), followed by intraperitoneal peanut challenge. Peanut-specific immunoglobulins and peanut-induced anaphylaxis were assessed.

Results

Without oral peanut feeding, most CC strains (11/12) and C57BL/6J induced peanut-specific IgE and IgG1 following airway exposure to peanut and LPS. With oral peanut feeding none of the CC strains nor C57BL/6J mice became sensitized to peanut or experienced anaphylaxis following peanut challenge.

Conclusion

Allergic sensitization and oral tolerance to peanut can be achieved across a range of genetically diverse mice. Notably, the same strains that became allergic via airway sensitization were tolerized by feeding high doses of peanut butter before sensitization, suggesting that the order and route of peanut exposure are critical for determining the allergic fate.
Apolipoprotein E deficiency potentiates macrophage against Staphylococcus aureus in mice with osteomyelitis via regulating cholesterol metabolism
Authors: Lu Mincheng , He Ruiyi , Li Chao , Liu Zixian , Chen Yuhui , Yang Bingsheng , Zhang Xianrong , Yu Bin
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) osteomyelitis causes a variety of metabolism disorders in microenvironment and cells. Defining the changes in cholesterol metabolism and identifying key factors involved in cholesterol metabolism disorders during S. aureus osteomyelitis is crucial to understanding the mechanisms of S. aureus osteomyelitis and is important in designing host-directed therapeutic strategies.

Methods

In this study, we conducted in vitro and in vivo experiments to define the effects of S. aureus osteomyelitis on cholesterol metabolism, as well as the role of Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) in regulating cholesterol metabolism by macrophages during S. aureus osteomyelitis.

Results

The data from GSE166522 showed that cholesterol metabolism disorder was induced by S. aureus osteomyelitis. Loss of cholesterol from macrophage obtained from mice with S. aureus osteomyelitis was detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS), which is consistent with Filipin III staining results. Changes in intracellular cholesterol content influenced bactericidal capacity of macrophage. Subsequently, it was proven by gene set enrichment analysis and qPCR, that ApoE played a key role in developing cholesterol metabolism disorder in S. aureus osteomyelitis. ApoE deficiency in macrophages resulted in increased resistance to S. aureus. ApoE-deficient mice manifested abated bone destruction and decreased bacteria load. Moreover, the combination of transcriptional analysis, qPCR, and killing assay showed that ApoE deficiency led to enhanced cholesterol biosynthesis in macrophage, ameliorating anti-infection ability.

Conclusion

We identified a previously unrecognized role of ApoE in S. aureus osteomyelitis from the perspective of metabolic reprogramming. Hence, during treating S. aureus osteomyelitis, considering cholesterol metabolism as a potential therapeutic target presents a new research direction.
Pressure and perfectionism: a phenomenological study on parents’ and teachers’ perceptions of the challenges faced by gifted and talented students in self-contained classes
Authors: Noor Bushra
Published: July 2023

This qualitative study sought to examine the challenges of pressure and perfectionism among gifted and talented students in self-contained class settings at the primary level, based on the experiences of their teachers and parents. To obtain comprehensive details and complete descriptions from the participants, a phenomenological design was used to collect data from 13 participants, including 10 parents and 3 teachers of gifted and talented students through semi-structured interviews. The major findings indicate that while self-contained classes help to raise the academic potential of gifted and talented students, teachers and parents were concerned about challenges related to the pressure of a competitive environment along with the pressure of high expectations and perfectionism in these selective class settings that may hinder the student’s academic development and negatively affect their social–emotional wellbeing. Using full-time ability grouping practices in self-contained settings for gifted learners was quite challenging and could hamper their talent development. This study recommends that pressure and perfectionism can be overcome if educators use flexible grouping practices, motivational strategies and encourage feedback in such settings. Consequently, educators and policy makers in gifted education should plan and implement educational provisions that help to meet the academic as well as social emotional needs of highly intellectual learners.
Thymus-derived hormonal and cellular control of cancer
Authors: Savino Wilson , Lepletier Ailin
Published: July 2023

The thymus gland is a central lymphoid organ in which developing T cell precursors, known as thymocytes, undergo differentiation into distinct type of mature T cells, ultimately migrating to the periphery where they exert specialized effector functions and orchestrate the immune responses against tumor cells, pathogens and self-antigens. The mechanisms supporting intrathymic T cell differentiation are pleiotropically regulated by thymic peptide hormones and cytokines produced by stromal cells in the thymic microenvironment and developing thymocytes. Interestingly, in the same way as T cells, thymic hormones (herein exemplified by thymosin, thymulin and thymopoietin), can circulate to impact immune cells and other cellular components in the periphery. Evidence on how thymic function influences tumor cell biology and response of patients with cancer to therapies remains unsatisfactory, although there has been some improvement in the knowledge provided by recent studies. Herein, we summarize research progression in the field of thymus-mediated immunoendocrine control of cancer, providing insights into how manipulation of the thymic microenvironment can influence treatment outcomes, including clinical responses and adverse effects of therapies. We review data obtained from clinical and preclinical cancer research to evidence the complexity of immunoendocrine interactions underpinning anti-tumor immunity.
A new technique for recovering aged mineral oil to promote lifetime and sustainability
Authors: Sarathkumar D. , Montanari Gian Carlo , Sarathi R. , Srinivasan M. , Karthik R. , Sivadasan J.
Published: July 2023

Using mineral oil (MO) derived from petroleum, e.g., transformer insulation, raises environmental risk and affects sustainability. Due to its affordability and easy availability, MO will ineluctably be preferred over other biodegradable oils. Therefore, tools must be developed to recover aged MO, extend the life cycle, and increase its sustainability. The work presented here is aimed at the investigation of the electrical insulation properties of thermally-aged recovered-aged mineral oil (RAMO), as well as of aged cellulose pressboard impregnated by fresh mineral oil (FMO), aged mineral oil (AMO), and RAMO. The AMO is recovered using the combined adsorbents, A* and B*, which are Chitosan-activated Bentonite (CTN-aB) and Polyaniline coated Kapok Fibre (PANI-c-KPF) mix. According to FTIR, the recovered oil, RAMO, displays less C=C double bonds and carbonyl vibrations at 140°C, indicating lower oil ageing compared to AMO. The distribution of the crystalline and amorphous peaks is uniform for aged oil-impregnated pressboard (PB) with FMO and RAMO. Overall, it has been discovered that PB is impregnated with RAMO, resulting in an extended lifetime for the solid insulation. As a result, the increase in emissions slows down, and global sustainability targets are met.
Henipavirus zoonosis: outbreaks, animal hosts and potential new emergence
Authors: Li Hongzhao , Kim Ji-Young V. , Pickering Bradley S.
Published: July 2023

Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV) are biosafety level 4 zoonotic pathogens causing severe and often fatal neurological and respiratory disease. These agents have been recognized by the World Health Organization as top priority pathogens expected to result in severe future outbreaks. HeV has caused sporadic infections in horses and a small number of human cases in Australia since 1994. The NiV Malaysia genotype (NiV-M) was responsible for the 1998–1999 epizootic outbreak in pigs with spillover to humans in Malaysia and Singapore. Since 2001, the NiV Bangladesh genotype (NiV-B) has been the predominant strain leading to outbreaks almost every year in Bangladesh and India, with hundreds of infections in humans. The natural reservoir hosts of HeV and NiV are fruit bats, which carry the viruses without clinical manifestation. The transmission pathways of henipaviruses from bats to humans remain poorly understood. Transmissions are often bridged by an intermediate animal host, which amplifies and spreads the viruses to humans. Horses and pigs are known intermediate hosts for the HeV outbreaks in Australia and NiV-M epidemic in Malaysia and Singapore, respectively. During the NiV-B outbreaks in Bangladesh, following initial spillover thought to be through the consumption of date palm sap, the spread of infection was largely human-to-human transmission. Spillover of NiV-B in recent outbreaks in India is less understood, with the primary route of transmission from bat reservoir to the initial human infection case(s) unknown and no intermediate host established. This review aims to provide a concise update on the epidemiology of henipaviruses covering their previous and current outbreaks with emphasis on the known and potential role of livestock as intermediate hosts in disease transmission. Also included is an up-to-date summary of newly emerging henipa-like viruses and animal hosts. In these contexts we discuss knowledge gaps and new challenges in the field and propose potential future directions.
Comparing the therapeutic potentials of Lactobacillus johnsonii vs. Lactobacillus acidophilus against vulvovaginal candidiasis in female rats: an in vivo study
Authors: ElFeky Dalia Saad , Awad Alaa Reda , Shamseldeen Asmaa Mohammed , Mowafy Hagar Lotfy , Hosny Sara Adel
Published: July 2023

Background

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a highly prevalent illness affecting women globally. Lactobacilli, which make up the majority of healthy vaginal microbiota (VMB), serve as a powerful barrier against infections. Probiotic therapy has been recommended for the treatment or prevention of VVC.

Aim of work

To compare the in vivo therapeutic effects of Lactobacillus johnsonii (B-2178) vs. Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA-5®) on VVC in a rat model, particularly highlighting the immune response of the host vaginal epithelium.

Methods

In total, 30 female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups; Group 1: no intervention, Group 2: ovariectomy group, while animals in Groups 3–5 were subjected to ovariectomy and an intravaginal inoculation of Candida albicans (C. albicans) to establish VVC. The animals in Groups 4 and 5 received intravaginal lactobacilli treatment with L. acidophilus (LA-5®) and L. johnsonii (B-2178) strains, respectively, for 7 days. C. albicans load was measured in a vaginal lavage 1, 3, and 7 days after the stoppage of the treatment. Histological, morphometric, and immunohistochemical studies of the vaginal tissues were done. IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-17 were measured in the vaginal tissue.

Results

Both L. johnsonii and L. acidophilus significantly reduced C. albicans vaginal load (250 ± 77.46 and 133.33 ± 40.82 CFU/mL) compared to the count before treatment in both groups (4,850 ± 1419.51 and 4966.67 ± 852.45 CFU/mL) even after 7 days of stoppage of lactobacilli treatment. A statistically significant reduction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-17 and IFN-γ was reported in both treated groups compared to the infected untreated group. L. johnsonii has a significant effect on the reduction of hyphae formation of C. albicans as well as the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) immunostaining density of vaginal tissue compared to L. acidophilus. Moreover, treatment with L. johnsonii significantly minimized the epithelium damage triggered by C. albicans infection and restored normal vaginal architecture as evidenced by the histologic and morphometric studies when compared to L. acidophilus.

Conclusion

Through maintaining an immune tolerant state in the vaginal epithelium and ameliorating the undesirable uncontrolled inflammatory response in the vaginal tissue, L. johnsonii (B-2178) has the potential to be utilized alone or in combination with other lactobacilli species in probiotic clinical trials to treat or prevent VVC.
Effectiveness of different exercises in improving postural balance among Parkinson's disease patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Di , Cui Wen J. , Hou Zhen H. , Gao Ying
Published: July 2023

Background

Exercise has been reported as an effective intervention for Parkinson's disease. However, there is still debate on the what kinds of exercises prior to choosing. This study aimed to compare and rank the different exercises that effectively enhance postural balance in Parkinson's disease patients by quantifying the information gleaned from randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods

We conducted a comprehensive database search, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and PsycINFO. The included studies were evaluated for methodological quality by the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool.

Results

The RCTs were collected between the earliest available date and March 2023. Sixty RCTs were included and the total sample size used in the study was 3,537. Thirty-five studies were defined as low risk of bias, twenty-one studies as medium risk of bias, and four studies as high risk of bias. The network meta-analysis results showed that exergaming exercise can significantly improve patients' Timed-Up-and-Go time (SUCRA = 91.5%). Dance can significantly enhance patients' Berg Balance Scale (surface under the cumulative ranking curve, SUCRA = 81.3%), and rhythmical auditory exercise can significantly improve patients' Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test score (SUCRA = 95.6%).

Conclusion

Compared with other exercises, exergaming exercise, Dance, and rhythmical auditory exercise showed superior efficacy in improving postural balance among Parkinson's disease patients.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42023411918.
Spastic paraplegia is the main manifestation of a spinocerebellar ataxia type 8 lineage in China: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Chen Shuling , Li Siyu , Liu Ying , She Renyi , Jiang Wei
Published: July 2023

The diagnosis and treatment of cerebellar atrophy remain challenging owing to its nonspecific symptoms and laboratory indicators. Three patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 8 caused by ATXN8OS were found among the 16 people in the studied family. The clinical manifestations of the patients included progressive spastic paraplegia of the lower extremities, mild ataxia, mild cognitive impairment, and cerebellar atrophy. After administering antispasmodic rehabilitation treatment, using oral drugs, botulinum toxin injection, baclofen pump, and other systems in our hospital, the patients' lower extremity spasticity was significantly relieved. To our knowledge, till date, this is the first domestic report of spinocerebellar ataxia type 8 affecting a family, caused by ATXN8OS with spasticity onset in early childhood. Manifestations of the disease included spastic dyskinesia (in early disease stages) and cerebellar atrophy. Through systematic rehabilitation, the daily life of patients with this movement disorder was improved. This case report adds to the literature on spinocerebellar ataxia type 8 by summarizing its features.
Effect of Predry-treatment on the bioactive constituents and quality of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) oil from three cultivars growing in China
Authors: Wang Jiashui , Yang Hongbin , Wu Peicong , Zhang Jiali , Ma Weihong , Li Yanxia , Liu Jinping
Published: July 2023

Avocado oil has gained a lot of favor in foods and cosmetics because of its high-quality fatty acid composition and bioactive components. This study aimed to compare the effect of various predry-treatments on the yield and quality of avocado oil from three Chinese avocado (Persea americana Mill.) varieties (Hass, Reed, and Pinkerton). The results showed that drying methods had significant effect on the avocado oil yield and its composition. Among the three drying methods the highest yield was obtained by freeze drying, and Hass showed the highest yield in the three avocado varieties with its oil owning the lowest peroxide and anisidine value. Reed oil owned the highest levels of functional micronutrients (e.g., tocopherols, phenolics, squalene). Vacuum drying resulted in higher concentrations of tocopherols, phytosterols, phenolics, squalene, and thus rendered greater DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity. These results are important to improve the quality of Chinese avocado oil.