bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of the Spondyloarthritis Radiography Module for Calibration of Readers Using the Modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score
Authors: Maksymowych Walter P. , Learch Thomas , Lambert Robert G. , Ward Michael , Haroon Nigil , Inman Robert , Salonen David , Gensler Lianne S. , Weisman Michael H.
Published: August 2013

Objective

To develop and validate a reference image module aimed at calibration of readers using the modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score (mSASSS) to assess radiographic progression in spondyloarthritis.

Methods

Our working group comprised 6 rheumatologists and 3 musculoskeletal radiologists. The following developmental steps were conducted: 1) review of the literature to identify aspects of the mSASSS requiring methodologic clarity; 2) independent assessment of baseline and 2‐year radiographs from 25 patients using the mSASSS (pilot exercise); 3) development of a training module (the Spondyloarthritis Radiography [SPAR] module) that clarifies definitions, rules, and scoring methodology and a set of reference radiographic images; 4) scoring exercise 1 by 6 readers on 39 patients, where baseline and 2‐year radiographs were scored blinded to time point; and 5) revision of the SPAR module followed by scoring exercise 2 conducted by the same 6 readers on 35 patients. Reliability of status and 2‐year change scores was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) method.

Results

ICCs for change scores for the radiologist reader pair improved from 0.46 to 0.62 after minimal calibration with the SPAR module. Recalibration from exercise 1 to exercise 2 with the SPAR module led to substantial improvement in interreader reliability for change in mSASSS score from ICC 0.44 (range 0.31–0.62) to ICC 0.62 (range 0.34–0.84). Simultaneous assessment of anteroposterior and lateral lumbar radiographs did not enhance reliability or detection of progression.

Conclusion

Calibration according to the SPAR module led to improved reliability in the scoring of the mSASSS, even for expert readers.
Effectiveness of Musculoskeletal Education Interventions in People With Low Literacy Levels: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lowe Wendy , Ballinger Claire , Protheroe Jo , Lueddeke Jill , Nutbeam Don , Armstrong Ray , Falzon Louise , Edwards Chris , Russell Cynthia , McCaffery Kirsten , Adams Jo
Published: August 2013

Objective

To conduct a systematic review to assess the effectiveness of patient education interventions delivered or directed by health professionals for people with musculoskeletal conditions who also have lower levels of literacy.

Methods

Electronic databases were searched from 1946 to May 2012. Randomized controlled trials with primary interventions designed specifically for individuals with musculoskeletal conditions and lower levels of literacy were eligible for inclusion. The quality of the study was determined by assessing method of randomization, allocation concealment, creation and maintenance of comparable groups, blinding of patients and providers, control of confounding, and the validity and reliability of outcome measures.

Results

Of the 2,440 studies located using the search strategy, 6 studies met the inclusion criteria. Three public health community studies and 3 rheumatology clinic‐based studies delivered educational programs to people with musculoskeletal conditions who also had lower levels of literacy. Three moderate quality studies suggest that musculoskeletal educational interventions had a small short‐term effect on knowledge and 2 moderate quality studies suggest musculoskeletal interventions had a small effect on self‐efficacy (although results on self‐efficacy were conflicting in 1 of these studies). Only 1 moderate quality study showed a small effect on anxiety and 1 on self‐perceived health and well‐being in people with lower literacy.

Conclusion

High quality evidence is lacking on the effectiveness of musculoskeletal education interventions for people with lower literacy levels. Research programs that test the effectiveness of patient education interventions for arthritis must recruit and engage people with lower levels of literacy.
High Disease Activity May Not Be Sufficient to Escalate Care
Authors: Fraenkel Liana , Cunningham Meaghan
Published: August 2013

Objective

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment regimens are not adjusted in response to active disease as frequently as indicated. The objective of this study was to examine how disease activity and patients' illness beliefs combine to predict future treatment changes in patients who are currently under the care of a rheumatologist.

Methods

We interviewed RA patients at baseline and at 2, 4, and 6 months. We examined the association of disease activity (Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data 4) and 5 specific illness beliefs (consequences, treatment control, symptom burden, concern, and emotional impact) with future escalation of treatment using logistic regression. Analyses were adjusted for age, current biologic agent use, and disease duration. Disease activity and illness beliefs were dichotomized at the median to create 4 dummy variables (e.g., low disease activity + high illness belief) in order to examine the combined impact of disease activity and illness beliefs on escalation.

Results

Twenty‐nine percent of the participants (n = 41 of 142) had an escalation of treatment during the followup period. When examined separately, disease activity and 4 of the illness beliefs (consequences, symptom burden, concern, and emotional impact) were associated with future escalation. High disease activity was predictive of future escalation only when combined with high levels of consequences, concern, and emotional impact. The combinations of high disease activity and high consequences, concern, and emotional impact were much stronger predictors of future escalation than either factor in isolation.

Conclusion

The findings suggest that patients' illness beliefs are an important determinant of treatment decisions, which are not fully captured by disease activity measures alone.
Usefulness of Power Doppler Ultrasound for Prediction of Re‐Therapy With Rituximab in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Prospective Study of Longstanding Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: Reiche B. E. , Ohrndorf S. , Feist E. , Messerschmidt J. , Burmester G. R. , Backhaus M.
Published: August 2013

Objective

To assess the value of gray‐scale (GS) and power Doppler (PD) ultrasound (US) in detecting inflammatory/destructive changes and for prediction of necessity of re‐therapy with rituximab (RTX) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) over 1 year of followup.

Methods

GSUS and PDUS were performed to assess synovitis, tenosynovitis, and erosions on the clinically dominant hand and forefoot of 20 patients with RA before and after therapy with RTX. US parameters were compared with clinical (Disease Activity Score in 28 joints, tender/swollen joint counts, and patients' visual analog scale of disease activity) and laboratory parameters (C‐reactive protein level and erythrocyte sedimentation rate). Results were compared for patients with and without re‐therapy with RTX.

Results

Significant decreases in clinical and laboratory parameters were observed after 6 and 12 months. US synovitis scores significantly decreased after 6 and 12 months (P < 0.05 for each). Regarding patients who received re‐therapy between 6 and 9 months after the start of therapy (n = 9), a fair therapy response was still detectable before re‐therapy. In these patients, PD‐positive synovitis was the only parameter that increased up to the 6‐month examination. All patients negative for rheumatoid factor and anti–cyclic citrullinated peptide (n = 4) were in the group of patients receiving a second course of treatment. Seropositive patients showed a better response to treatment with less need for re‐therapy.

Conclusion

Response to therapy was measurable by clinical and laboratory parameters as well as by US. Since PDUS was able to detect the onset of disease activity before worsening of clinical symptoms occurred, PDUS is most helpful in evaluating disease activity and making earlier therapy decisions.
Splicing biomarkers of disease severity in myotonic dystrophy
Authors: Nakamori Masayuki , Sobczak Krzysztof , Puwanant Araya , Welle Steve , Eichinger Katy , Pandya Shree , Dekdebrun Jeannne , Heatwole Chad R. , McDermott Michael P. , Chen Tian , Cline Melissa , Tawil Rabi , Osborne Robert J. , Wheeler Thurman M. , Swanson Maurice S. , Moxley Richard T. , Thornton Charles A.
Published: August 2013

Objective

To develop RNA splicing biomarkers of disease severity and therapeutic response in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2).

Methods

In a discovery cohort, we used microarrays to perform global analysis of alternative splicing in DM1 and DM2. The newly identified splicing changes were combined with previous data to create a panel of 50 putative splicing defects. In a validation cohort of 50 DM1 subjects, we measured the strength of ankle dorsiflexion (ADF) and then obtained a needle biopsy of tibialis anterior (TA) to analyze splice events in muscle RNA. The specificity of DM‐associated splicing defects was assessed in disease controls. The CTG expansion size in muscle tissue was determined by Southern blot. The reversibility of splicing defects was assessed in transgenic mice by using antisense oligonucleotides to reduce levels of toxic RNA.

Results

Forty‐two splicing defects were confirmed in TA muscle in the validation cohort. Among these, 20 events showed graded changes that correlated with ADF weakness. Five other splice events were strongly affected in DM1 subjects with normal ADF strength. Comparison to disease controls and mouse models indicated that splicing changes were DM‐specific, mainly attributable to MBNL1 sequestration, and reversible in mice by targeted knockdown of toxic RNA. Splicing defects and weakness were not correlated with CTG expansion size in muscle tissue.

Interpretation

Alternative splicing changes in skeletal muscle may serve as biomarkers of disease severity and therapeutic response in myotonic dystrophy. Ann Neurol 2013;74:862–872
Catalytic behavior of Co(II) complexes with 2‐(benzimidazolyl)‐6‐(1‐(arylimino)ethyl)pyridine ligands on isoprene stereospecific polymerization
Authors: Wang Geng , Jiang Xiubo , Zhao Weizhen , Sun Wen‐Hua , Yao Wei , He Aihua
Published: August 2013

Polymerization behaviors of isoprene under different polymerization conditions with 2‐(1‐methyl‐2‐benzimidazolyl)‐6‐(1‐(arylimino)ethyl) pyridine cobalt(II) dichloride and ethylaluminum sesquichloride or diethylaluminum chloride catalyst system were evaluated. The effects of temperature, solvents, [Al]/[Co] molar ratio, and the structure of cocatalysts on the catalyst activity and the characteristics of polyisoprenes (PIs) were investigated and optimum conditions for synthesizing stereoselective PIs were obtained. The results showed that pre‐catalyst activity was strongly influenced by polymerization temperature, [Al]/[Co] molar ratio and solvents, and the kinds of solvents and cocatalysts affected the microstructures of PIs greatly. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 39703.
Preparation and properties of dopamine reduced graphene oxide and its composites of epoxy
Authors: Hu Xinli , Qi Rongrong , Zhu Jian , Lu Jiaqi , Luo Yu , Jin Jieyu , Jiang Pingkai
Published: August 2013

To improve the thermal and mechanical properties and further to expand its applications of epoxy in electronic packaging, reduced graphene oxide/epoxy composites have been successfully prepared, in which dopamine (DA) was used as reducing agent and modifier for graphene oxide (GO) to avoid the environmentally harmful reducing agents and address the problem of aggregation of graphene in composites. Further studies revealed that DA could effectively eliminate the labile oxygen functionality of GO and generate polydopamine functionalized graphene oxide (PDA‐GO) because DA would be oxidated and undergo the rearrangement and intermolecular cross‐linking reaction to produce polydopamine (PDA), which would improve the interfacial adhesion between GO and epoxy, and further be beneficial for the homogenous dispersion of GO in epoxy matrix. The effect of PDA‐GO on the thermal and mechanical properties of PDA‐GO/epoxy composites was also investigated, and the incorporation of PDA‐GO could increase the thermal conductivity, storage modulus, glass transition (Tg), and dielectric constant of epoxy. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 39754.
Online conductivity and stability in the emulsion polymerization of n‐butyl methacrylate: Batch versus semibatch systems
Authors: Zhao Funian , David Sudol E. , Daniels Eric S. , Klein Andrew , El‐Aasser Mohamed S.
Published: August 2013

A homemade resistance probe (R) and a torroidal probe (T), which work on different principles to measure conductivity, were used as online sensors to monitor conductivity during the course of emulsion polymerizations of n‐butyl methacrylate (BMA). Six batch emulsion polymerizations of BMA (20% solids content) were carried out using sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) as surfactant. To compare latex stability and conductivity profiles, the SLS concentration was varied (5, 6, 8, 10, 20, and 30 mM). Seven semibatch emulsion polymerizations of BMA (40% solids content) were also run. All semibatch polymerizations had the same seed stage, while different amounts of SLS were fed during the feed stage. During these reactions, the conductivity curves obtained from the two different probes overlapped if the SLS concentration was high enough (20 and 30 mM); on the other hand, the two curves diverged if the SLS concentration was low. Since the final conductivity values obtained from the two probes were not the same in most of the reactions, the ratio between them (R/T) was used to correlate conductivity to latex stability. A blender test and turbidity measurements were carried out to estimate the mechanical stability and the electrolyte stability of the prepared latexes, respectively. The results showed that R/T varied linearly with the latex stability. These results showed that latex stability could be predicted through online conductivity measurements. Moreover, the reason for an observed increase in conductivity during these emulsion polymerization reactions was also investigated. This increase was related to the disappearance of monomer droplets, which demonstrated that the conductivity measurements could also be used to aid in the study the kinetics of the emulsion polymerization process. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 4001–4013, 2013
Investigation of Steric Influences on Hydrogen‐Bonding Motifs in Cyclic Ureas by Using X‐Ray, Neutron, and Computational Methods
Authors: McCormick Laura J. , McDonnell‐Worth Ciaran , Platts James A. , Edwards Alison J. , Turner David R.
Published: August 2013

A series of urea‐derived heterocycles, 5N‐substituted hexahydro‐1,3,5‐triazin‐2‐ones, has been prepared and their structures have been determined for the first time. This family of compounds only differ in their substituent at the 5‐position (which is derived from the corresponding primary amine), that is, methyl (1), ethyl (2), isopropyl (3), tert‐butyl (4), benzyl (5), N,N‐(diethyl)ethylamine (6), and 2‐hydroxyethyl (7). The common heterocyclic core of these molecules is a cyclic urea, which has the potential to form a hydrogen‐bonding tape motif that consists of self‐associative (8) dimers. The results from X‐ray crystallography and, where possible, Laue neutron crystallography show that the hydrogen‐bonding motifs that are observed and the planarity of the hydrogen bonds appear to depend on the steric hindrance at the α‐carbon atom of the N substituent. With the less‐hindered substituents, methyl and ethyl, the anticipated tape motif is observed. When additional methyl groups are added onto the α‐carbon atom, as in the isopropyl and tert‐butyl derivatives, a different 2D hydrogen‐bonding motif is observed. Despite the bulkiness of the substituents, the benzyl and N,N‐(diethyl)ethylamine derivatives have methylene units at the α‐carbon atom and, therefore, display the tape motif. The introduction of a competing hydrogen‐bond donor/acceptor in the 2‐hydroxyethyl derivative disrupts the tape motif, with a hydroxy group interrupting the NH⋅⋅⋅OC interactions. The geometry around the hydrogen‐bearing nitrogen atoms, whether planar or non‐planar, has been confirmed for compounds 2 and 5 by using Laue neutron diffraction and rationalized by using computational methods, thus demonstrating that distortion of O‐C‐N‐H torsion angles occurs to maintain almost‐linear hydrogen‐bonding interactions.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Nickel Oxide Nanosheets for Lithium‐Ion Batteries and Supercapacitors with Excellent Performance
Authors: Mondal Anjon Kumar , Su Dawei , Wang Ying , Chen Shuangqiang , Wang Guoxiu
Published: August 2013

Nickel oxide nanosheets have been successfully synthesized by a facile ethylene glycol mediated hydrothermal method. The morphology and crystal structure of the nickel oxide nanosheets were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, field‐emission SEM, and TEM. When applied as electrode materials for lithium‐ion batteries and supercapacitors, nickel oxide nanosheets exhibited a high, reversible lithium storage capacity of 1193 mA h g−1 at a current density of 500 mA g−1, an enhanced rate capability, and good cycling stability. Nickel oxide nanosheets also demonstrated a superior specific capacitance of 999 F g−1 at a current density of 20 A g−1 in supercapacitors.
More Is Less: Pitch Discrimination and Language Delays in Children with Optimal Outcomes from Autism
Authors: Eigsti Inge‐Marie , Fein Deborah A.
Published: August 2013

The autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders diagnosed behaviorally but associated with differences in brain development. Individuals with ASD exhibit superior auditory perceptual skills, which may correlate with ASD symptomatology, particularly language skills. We describe findings from individuals diagnosed with ASD before age five, who now have no symptoms (e.g., having optimal outcomes). Unlike an ASD group, which shows heightened pitch discrimination, the Optimal Outcome group's abilities do not differ from those of typically developing controls. Furthermore, pitch discrimination is associated with both current autism symptomatology and early‐language milestones. Findings illuminate processes associated with resolution of autism. We also discuss a specific mechanism by which heightened auditory discrimination leads to language delays in ASD. Autism Res 2013, 6: 605–613. © 2013 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Structure‐Guided Rational Design of α/β‐Peptide Foldamers with High Affinity for BCL‐2 Family Prosurvival Proteins
Authors: Smith Brian J. , Lee Erinna F. , Checco James W. , Evangelista Marco , Gellman Samuel H. , Fairlie W. Douglas
Published: August 2013

We have used computational methods to improve the affinity of a foldamer ligand for its target protein. The effort began with a previously reported α/β‐peptide based on the BH3 domain of the proapoptotic protein Puma; this foldamer binds tightly to Bcl‐xL but weakly to Mcl‐1. The crystal structure of the Puma‐derived α/β‐peptide complexed to Bcl‐xL was used as the basis for computational design of variants intended to display improved binding to Mcl‐1. Molecular modelling suggested modification of three α residues of the original α/β backbone. Individually, each substitution caused only a modest (4‐ to 15‐fold) gain in affinity; however, together the three substitutions led to a 250‐fold increase in binding to Mcl‐1. These modifications had very little effect on affinity for Bcl‐xL. Crystal structures of a number of the new α/β‐peptides bound to either Mcl‐1 or Bcl‐xL validated the selection of each substitution. Overall, our findings demonstrate that structure‐guided rational design can be used to improve affinity and alter partner selectivity of peptidic ligands with unnatural backbones that bind to specific protein partners.
Regeneration of a Commercial Catalyst for the Dehydrogenation of Isobutane to Isobutene
Authors: Masoudian S. K. , Sadighi S. , Abbasi A. , Salehirad F. , Fazlollahi A.
Published: August 2013

In the chemical and petrochemical industries, dehydrogenating of hydrocarbons to olefins as raw materials for the manufacture of various chemical products is an important economic issue. So, here, the redispersion and regeneration of a commercial Pt‐Sn/γ‐Al2O3 catalyst utilized for the conversion of isobutane to isobutene was studied. First, in order to regenerate the deactivated commercial catalyst unloaded from a commercial reactor, coke burning under controlled conditions was carried out. Then, to redisperse the platinum on the surface of the catalyst, a HCl solution (injected through a syringe pump) and Cl2 were passed over the catalytic bed at specific flow rates and temperatures. Evaluation tests carried out over the regenerated catalyst prove that the regenerated catalyst has similar conversion, selectivity, and structural characteristics as compared to the fresh one.
Reversible Control over Molecular Recognition in Surface‐Bound Photoswitchable Hydrogen‐Bonding Receptors: Towards Read–Write–Erase Molecular Printboards
Authors: Liang Chih‐Kai , Dubacheva Galina V. , Buffeteau Thierry , Cavagnat Dominique , Hapiot Philippe , Fabre Bruno , Tucker James H. R. , Bassani Dario M.
Published: August 2013

The synthesis of an anthracene‐bearing photoactive barbituric acid receptor and its subsequent grafting onto azide‐terminated alkanethiol/Au self‐assembled monolayers by using an CuI‐catalyzed azide–alkyne reaction is reported. Monolayer characterization using contact‐angle measurements, electrochemistry, and spectroscopic ellipsometry indicate that the monolayer conversion is fast and complete. Irradiation of the receptor leads to photodimerization of the anthracenes, which induces the open‐to‐closed gating of the receptor by blocking access to the binding site. The process is thermally reversible, and polarization‐modulated IR reflection–absorption spectroscopy indicates that photochemical closure and thermal opening of the surface‐bound receptors occur in 70 and 100 % conversion, respectively. Affinity of the open and closed surface‐bound receptor was characterized by using force spectroscopy with a barbituric‐acid‐modified atomic force microscope tip.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Growth and Real Structure Effects of the First Weak 3D Stacked Topological Insulator Bi14Rh3I9.
Authors: Rasche Bertold , Isaeva Anna , Gerisch Alexander , Kaiser Martin , Van den Broek Wouter , Koch Christoph T. , Kaiser Ute , Ruck Michael
Published: August 2013

Microcrystalline Bi14Rh3I9 is obtained by annealing a mixture of Bi, Rh, and BiI3 in the molar ratio of 11:3:3 (evacuated silica ampule, 365 °C, 3 d; 97% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Cation, Vacancy, and Spin Ordered 15R‐Superstructures in Sr(Cr1‐xFex)O3‐y (0.4 ≤ x ≤ 0.6) Perovskites.
Authors: Arevalo‐Lopez Angel M. , Sher Falak , Farnham James , Watson Adam J. , Attfield J. Paul
Published: August 2013

Sr(Cr1‐xFex)O3‐y perovskites (0.2 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) are prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of SrCO3, Fe2O3, and Cr2O3 (argon atmosphere, 1200 °C, 24 h, quenching in liquid N2).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structure Determination of Ag9FeS4.1Te1.9, the First Example of an Iron Containing Argyrodite.
Authors: Frank Dominik , Gerke Birgit , Eul Matthias , Poettgen Rainer , Pfitzner Arno
Published: August 2013

Ag9FeS4.1Te1.9 is prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric amounts of the elements (evacuated quartz ampoule, 873 K, 2 weeks).
ChemInform Abstract: Nb2OsB2, with a New Twofold Superstructure of the U3Si2 Type: Synthesis, Crystal Chemistry and Chemical Bonding.
Authors: Mbarki Mohammed , Touzani Rachid St. , Fokwa Boniface P. T.
Published: August 2013

The new title compound is synthesized by arc melting of the elements in a water‐cooled Cu crucible under argon (ratio 7:6:8 for Nb:Os:B, 80% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Direct Aldol Reaction under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Zhang Furen , Li Chunmei , Qi Chenze
Published: August 2013

The catalyst is also applied to nitro Michael reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnesium—Tartramide Complex Mediated Asymmetric Strecker‐Type Reaction of Nitrones Using Cyanohydrin
Authors: Sakai Takahiro , Soeta Takahiro , Endo Kohei , Fujinami Shuhei , Ukaji Yutaka
Published: August 2013

as a source of HCN
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Cross‐Coupling of Vinylsilanes in Water.
Authors: Cicco Stefania R. , Martinelli Carmela , Pinto Vita , Naso Francesco , Farinola Gianluca M.
Published: August 2013

The reactions proceed in micelles using water and a non ionic surfactant as medium.
ChemInform Abstract: Bimetallic Enantioselective Approach to Axially Chiral Allenes.
Authors: Ma Shengming , et al. et al.
Published: August 2013

The reaction proceeds via an intermediate formation of the propargylic amines with CuBr catalyzing this step and combination of CuBr and ZnBr2 being responsible for the transformation of the intermediate to allenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal and H2O2 Free Aerobic Oxidative Aromatic Halogenation with [RNH3+] [NO3‐]/HX and ([BMIM(SO3H)][NO3)x(X)y] (X: Br, Cl) as Multifunctional Ionic Liquids.
Authors: Prebil Rok , Laali Kenneth K. , Stavber Stojan
Published: August 2013

Novel multifunctional ionic liquids are generated by addition of HBr or HCl to alkylammonium nitrates and to 3‐methyl‐1‐(butyl‐4‐sulfonyl)imidazolium salts.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of 1,3‐Dinitroalkanes Catalyzed by Nickel Species.
Authors: Gao Min , Wei Yu‐Ping
Published: August 2013

The title compounds are efficiently obtained by a simple one‐pot reaction of various aromatic aldehydes with nitromethane under mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Deoxygenation of α,β‐Unsaturated Acylphenols Through Ethyl o‐Acylphenylcarbonates with Luche Reduction.
Authors: Zhang Weidong , et al. et al.
Published: August 2013

The reaction shows a very good selectivity as well as tolerance for a wide range of functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Practical Enantioselective Arylation and Heteroarylation of Aldehydes with in situ Prepared Organotitanium Reagents Catalyzed by 3‐Aryl‐H8‐BINOL‐Derived Titanium Complexes.
Authors: Uenishi Ami , Nakagawa Yuya , Osumi Hironobu , Harada Toshiro
Published: August 2013

The developed highly efficient title reaction affords a wide range of different substituted chiral alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: NBS‐Initiated Electrophilic Phenoxyetherification of Olefins.
Authors: Ke Zhihai , Yeung Ying‐Yeung
Published: August 2013

A one‐pot electrophilic multicomponent phenoxyetherification using an olefin, a cyclic ether, a phenol, and NBS is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: A Phosphane‐Free, Atom‐Efficient Cross‐Coupling Reaction of Triarylbismuths with Acyl Chlorides Catalyzed by MCM‐41‐Immobilized Palladium Complex.
Authors: Zhao Hong , Yin Lin , Cai Mingzhong
Published: August 2013

The catalyst can be reused at least 10 times without any significant decrease in activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Regio‐ and Chemoselective C—H Chlorination/Bromination of Electron‐Deficient Arenes by Weak Coordination and Study of Relative Directing‐Group Abilities.
Authors: Sun Xiuyun , Shan Gang , Sun Yonghui , Rao Yu
Published: August 2013

The novel and scalable ortho‐chlorination/bromination reaction can be applied for the synthesis of a broad range of arene chlorides and bromides.
ChemInform Abstract: Influence of an Internal Trifluoromethyl Group on the Rhodium(II)‐Catalyzed Reactions of Vinyldiazocarbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Nikolaev Valerij A. , Supurgibekov Murat B. , Davies Huw M. L. , Sieler Joachim , Zakharova Valerija M.
Published: August 2013

Incorporation of a trifluoromethyl group into the starting compounds strongly reduces the tendency of intermediate vinyloxocarbenoids to undergo intermolecular reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Cascade Reactions of 1‐(3‐Arylprop‐2‐ynyloxy)‐2‐bromo Benzene Derivatives with Organoboron Compounds.
Authors: Arcadi Antonio , Blesi Federico , Cacchi Sandro , Fabrizi Giancarlo , Goggiamani Antonella , Marinelli Fabio
Published: August 2013

The methodology allows a new access to various 2‐unsubstituted, 3‐functionalized benzofuran skeletons.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Indolyltriethylborate: A Useful Reagent for Synthesis of C3‐Quaternary Indolenines.
Authors: Lin Aijun , Yang Jiong , Hashim Mohamed
Published: August 2013

N‐Indolyltriethylborate is found to be a useful reagent for dearomatizing C3‐alkylation of 3‐substituted indoles with alkyl halides.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Friedel—Crafts Alkylation of Indoles with (E)‐1‐Aryl‐4‐benzyloxybut‐2‐en‐1‐ones Catalyzed by an (R)‐3,3′‐Br2BINOLate—Hafnium(IV) Complex.
Authors: Blay Gonzalo , Fernandez Isabel , Munoz M. Carmen , Pedro Jose R. , Vila Carlos
Published: August 2013

This method uses N‐unprotected indoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Desymmetrization: Facile Access to Spirolactone‐Pyrrolidines Containing a Spiro Quaternary Stereogenic Center.
Authors: Liu Kang , Teng Huai‐Long , Yao Lu , Tao Hai‐Yan , Wang Chun‐Jiang
Published: August 2013

The title method represents the first catalytic asymmetric synthesis of highly functional spirolactonepyrrolidine derivatives bearing five contiguous stereocenters and one unique spiro quaternary stereocenter.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophile‐Dependent Regioselective Reaction of (S)‐4‐Benzyl‐2‐fluoroalkyl‐1,3‐oxazolines.
Authors: Jiang Haizhen , et al. et al.
Published: August 2013

Substituted oxazolines, oxazolidines, or fluorinated acetamides are obtained depending on the nucleophile used.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed ortho‐Aroylation of 2‐Arylbenzothiazoles and 2‐Arylbenzoxazoles with Aldehydes.
Authors: Banerjee Arghya , Santra Sourav Kumar , Guin Srimanta , Rout Saroj Kumar , Patel Bhisma K.
Published: August 2013

This reaction has high regioselectivities and tolerates a wide range of functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Reductive Homocondensation of Benzylidene‐ and Alkylidenepyruvate Esters by a P(NMe2)3‐Mediated Tandem Reaction.
Authors: Wang Sunewang Rixin , Radosevich Alexander T.
Published: August 2013

A P(III)‐mediated trimerization of unsaturated keto esters to diverse oxygenated heterocycles is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Fused Bicyclic Aminals Through Sequential Gold/Lewis Acid Catalysis.
Authors: Wang Xianghua , Yao Zhili , Dong Shuli , Wei Fang , Wang Hong , Xu Zhenghu
Published: August 2013

The products are biologically important and are formed along with the small amounts of the spirocyclic derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu/SiO2: A Recyclable Catalyst for the Synthesis of Octahydroquinazolinone.
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Karimi Narges , Hamidi Hoda , Oskooie Hossein A.
Published: August 2013

A simple one‐pot three‐component condensation allows the access to the desired heterocyclic scaffold in a short time and with high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Cooperative Iron—Broensted Acid Catalysis: Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Quinoxalines and 2H‐1,4‐Benzoxazines.
Authors: Fleischer Steffen , Zhou Shaolin , Werkmeister Svenja , Junge Kathrin , Beller Matthias
Published: August 2013

Among the agents tested, chiral acids (I) and iron complex IIC are found to be the most efficient ones for the title reactions and the reductive amination investigated for the preparation of (Va).
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed C—N Bond Formation/Rearrangement Sequence: Synthesis of 4H‐3,1‐Benzoxazin‐4‐ones.
Authors: Ge Zhi‐Yuan , Xu Qiong‐Ming , Fei Xiang‐Dong , Tang Ting , Zhu Yong‐Ming , Ji Shun‐Jun
Published: August 2013

as potential biologically important agents
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective [3 + 2] Annulation of Cyclic Enol Silyl Ethers with Donor—Acceptor Cyclopropanes: Accessing 3a‐Hydroxy [n.3.0]Carbobicycles.
Authors: Xu Hao , Qu Jian‐Ping , Liao Saihu , Xiong Hu , Tang Yong
Published: August 2013

This is the first [3 + 2] annulation of enol silyl ethers with cyclopropanes.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed ortho‐Olefination of Benzylic Phosphonic Monoesters.
Authors: Meng Xiangjiang , Kim Sunggak
Published: August 2013

A method for direct ortho‐olefination of benzylic phosphonates based on Pd(II)‐catalyzed C—H activation reactions using the phosphoryloxy directing group is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Alkynylated Selenophenes by Site‐Selective Sonogashira Reactions of Tetrabromoselenophene.
Authors: Ehlers Peter , Dang Tung T. , Patonay Tamas , Villinger Alexander , Langer Peter
Published: August 2013

This method can also be combined with Suzuki reactions to give access to other tetrasubstituted selenophenes, e.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Bioactive Ursane‐Type Triterpenoid from Croton bonplandianum Bail.
Authors: Ghosh Pranab , Mandal Amitava , Rasul Mohammad Golam
Published: August 2013

New triterpernoid 3α‐hydroxy‐urs‐12,15‐diene (I) is isolated together with three known compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Caulerprenylols A and B, Two Rare Antifungal Prenylated para‐Xylenes from the Green Alga Caulerpa racemosa.
Authors: Mao Shui‐Chun , et al. et al.
Published: August 2013

Title compounds [(I) and (II)] exhibit a broad spectrum of antifungal activity against C.
ChemInform Abstract: Fast, High Yield, and High Solid Loading Synthesis of Metal Selenide Nanocrystals.
Authors: Flamee Stijn , Cirillo Marco , Abe Sofie , De Nolf Kim , Gomes Raquel , Aubert Tangi , Hens Zeger
Published: August 2013

The synthesis of metal selenide nanocrystals based on the injection of selenium powder in a hot mixture containing the metal cation precursor complexed by a carboxylic acid is demonstrated by the formation of CdSe and ZnSe nanocrystals.
ChemInform Abstract: Radiation‐Induced Synthesis of Oxide Compounds
Authors: Cuba Vaclav , Barta Jan , Jary Vitezslav , Nikl Martin
Published: August 2013

Review: 124 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Prediction of Solid Solubility of Alloys: Developments and Applications of Hume‐Rothery′s Rules
Authors: Zhang Y. M. , Evans J. R. G. , Yang S.
Published: August 2013

Review: 167 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Coordination Chemistry of Supramolecular Rhodanine Azodye Sulphadrugs
Authors: El‐Sonbati A. Z. , Diab M. A. , El‐Bindary A. A. , Morgan Sh. M.
Published: August 2013

Review: 49 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Based Molecular Chains: Design by Coordination Chemistry
Authors: Aromi Guillem
Published: August 2013

Review: 96 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: How Do Multivalent Glycodendrimers Benefit from Sulfur Chemistry?
Authors: Gingras Marc , Chabre Yoann M. , Roy Myriam , Roy Rene
Published: August 2013

Review: 118 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Sustainable Routes to Polyurethane Precursors
Authors: Kreye Oliver , Mutlu Hatice , Meier Michael A. R.
Published: August 2013

Review: < 200 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ten Years of Research in Chicago
Authors: Yamamoto Hisashi
Published: August 2013

Review: in the field of catalysis; 64 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Drug Mystery of Heterocycles: Various Molecules for One Target or One Compound for Multiple Targets?
Authors: Shcherkakova I.
Published: August 2013

Review: [design, development, and biological evaluation of a multitarget series of tetrahydroindolo[2,3‐c]quinolinones based on the “old” drug ambocarb; 109 refs.].
ChemInform Abstract: Catalysis of Organic Reactions by Carbenes and Carbene Complexes
Authors: Korotkikh N. I. , Saberov V. Sh. , Glinyanaya N. V. , Marichev K. A. , Kiselyov A. V. , Knishevitsky A. V. , Rayenko G. F. , Shvaika O. P.
Published: August 2013

Review: 70 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Methods of Sultam Synthesis
Authors: Rassadin V. A. , Grosheva D. S. , Tomashevskii A. A. , Sokolov V. V.
Published: August 2013

Review: 97 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclizations of Enediynes under the Action of Electrophiles
Authors: Gulevskaya A. V. , Lazarevich R. Yu.
Published: August 2013

Review: 48 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: [1,7]‐Electrocyclization Reactions in the Synthesis of Azepine Derivatives
Authors: Nedolya N. A. , Trofimov B. A.
Published: August 2013

Review: 136 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in the Synthesis of Quinoxaline Derivatives by Green Synthetic Approaches
Authors: Nageswar Y. V. D. , Reddy K. Harsha Vardhan , Ramesh K. , Murthy S. Narayana
Published: August 2013

Review: 59 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: C—P Bond‐Forming Reactions
Authors: Petit C. , Montchamp J.‐L.
Published: August 2013

Review: 116 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Carbonylation Reactions
Authors: Wu Xiao‐Feng , Neumann Helfried , Beller Matthias
Published: August 2013

Review: 203 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: An Overview of the Magnetoresistance Phenomenon in Molecular Systems
Authors: Gu Hongbo , Zhang Xi , Wei Huige , Huang Yudong , Wei Suying , Guo Zhanhu
Published: August 2013

Review: 411 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecule—Electrode Interfaces in Molecular Electronic Devices
Authors: Jia Chuancheng , Guo Xuefeng
Published: August 2013

Review: 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Probing Excited Electronic States and Ionization Mechanisms of Fullerenes
Authors: Johansson J. Olof , Campbell Eleanor E. B.
Published: August 2013

Review: 53 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkaline Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications
Authors: Wang Yan‐Jie , Qiao Jinli , Baker Ryan , Zhang Jiujun
Published: August 2013

Review: 114 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Learning from Nature: Advances in Geldanamycin‐ and Radicicol‐Based Inhibitors of Hsp90.
Authors: Kitson Russell R. A. , Moody Christopher J.
Published: August 2013

Review: < 120 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Manipulating Biological Agents and Cells in Micro‐Scale Volumes for Applications in Medicine
Authors: Tasoglu Savas , Gurkan Umut Atakan , Wang ShiQi , Demirci Utkan
Published: August 2013

Review: 240 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: New Drugs, Old Fashioned Ways: ER Stress Induced Cell Death
Authors: Di Fazio Pietro , Ocker Matthias , Montalbano Roberta
Published: August 2013

Review: 75 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Solar Cells in a Wire Format
Authors: Chen Tao , Qiu Longbin , Yang Zhibin , Peng Huisheng
Published: August 2013

Review: 48 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanistic Insight to the Reaction Pathway of Aerobic Oxidative C—C Bond Cleavage of α‐Hydroxy Ketones
Authors: Lui Hui , Jiang Xuefeng
Published: August 2013

Review: [70 refs.]
ChemInform Abstract: Microfluidics and Raman Microscopy: Current Applications and Future Challenges
Authors: Chrimes Adam F. , Khoshmanesh Khashayar , Stoddart Paul R. , Mitchell Arnan , Kalantar‐zadeh Kourosh
Published: August 2013

Review: 295 refs.
Early NT‐proBNP Decrease With Ivabradine in Ambulatory Patients With Systolic Heart Failure
Authors: Sargento Luis , Satendra Milan , Longo Susana , Lousada Nuno , Palma dos Reis Roberto
Published: August 2013

Background

Heart rate (HR) reduction in patients with systolic heart failure (HF) is a cornerstone of current therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the short‐term effect of the HR reduction with ivabradine on N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) in outpatients with systolic HF.

Hypothesis

Ivabradine improves survival and promotes left ventricle remodelling by reducing resting heart rate. Nt‐ProBNP absolute and trends predict prognosis. We hypothesized a possible association between heart rate decrease and Nt‐ProBNP values.

Methods

We included 25 outpatients with systolic HF on optimized medical therapy (80% on angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors, 56% on spironolactone, and 88% on β‐blocker therapy), left ventricle ejection fraction <40%, and sinus rhythm and HR >70/bpm. After a 1 month running‐out period, to establish the clinical and NT‐proBNP stability, patients were started on ivabradine for 3 months.

Results

Ivabradine decreased NT‐proBNP (P = 0.002) from a median of 2850 pg/mL to 1802 pg/mL, corresponding to a median absolute and percent decrease of 964 pg/mL and 44.5%, respectively. The baseline HR correlated significantly with the baseline NT‐proBNP (rs = 0.411, P = 0.041). The absolute and percent HR decrease correlated with the absolute NT‐proBNP decrease (rs = 0.442, P = 0.027; rs = 0.395, P = 0.05). The greater the NT‐proBNP absolute decrease tertile, the greater the baseline HR (P = 0.023) and the absolute (P = 0.028) and percent (P = 0.064) HR variation.

Conclusions

In outpatients with systolic HF, the NT‐proBNP reduction obtained by short‐term ivabradine treatment correlates closely with the degree of HR reduction.
Inhibition of Human α‐Methylacyl CoA Racemase (AMACR): a Target for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Carnell Andrew J. , Kirk Ralph , Smith Matthew , McKenna Shane , Lian Lu‐Yun , Gibson Robert
Published: August 2013

The enzyme α‐methylacyl CoA racemase (AMACR) is involved in the metabolism of branched‐chain fatty acids and has been identified as a promising therapeutic target for prostate cancer. By using the recently available human AMACR from HEK293 kidney cell cultures, we tested a series of new rationally designed inhibitors to determine the structural requirements in the acyl component. An N‐methylthiocarbamate (Ki=98 nM), designed to mimic the proposed enzyme‐bound enolate, was found to be the most potent AMACR inhibitor reported to date.
All‐Metal Clusters that Mimic the Chemistry of Halogens
Authors: Zhao Tianshan , Li Yawei , Wang Qian , Jena Puru
Published: August 2013

Owing to their s2p5 electronic configuration, halogen atoms are highly electronegative and constitute the anionic components of salts. Whereas clusters that contain no halogen atoms, such as AlH4, mimic the chemistry of halogens and readily form salts (e.g., Na+(AlH4)−), clusters that are solely composed of metal atoms and yet behave in the same manner as a halogen are rare. Because coinage‐metal atoms (Cu, Ag, and Au) only have one valence electron in their outermost electronic shell, as in H, we examined the possibility that, on interacting with Al, in particular as AlX4 (X=Cu, Ag, Au), these metal atoms may exhibit halogen‐like properties. By using density functional theory, we show that AlAu4 not only mimics the chemistry of halogens, but also, with a vertical detachment energy (VDE) of 3.98 eV in its anionic form, is a superhalogen. Similarly, analogous to XHX superhalogens (X=F, Cl, Br), XAuX species with VDEs of 4.65, 4.50, and 4.34 eV in their anionic form, respectively, also form superhalogens. In addition, Au can also form hyperhalogens, a recently discovered species that show electron affinities (EAs) that are even higher than those of their corresponding superhalogen building blocks. For example, the VDEs of M(AlAu4)2− (M=Na and K) and anionic (FAuF)Au(FAuF) range from 4.06 to 5.70 eV. Au‐based superhalogen anions, such as AlAu4− and AuF2−, have the additional advantage that they exhibit wider optical absorption ranges than their H‐based analogues, AlH4− and HF2−. Because of the catalytic properties and the biocompatibility of Au, Au‐based superhalogens may be multifunctional. However, similar studies that were carried out for Cu and Ag atoms have shown that, unlike AlAu4, AlX4 (X=Cu, Ag) clusters are not superhalogens, a property that can be attributed to the large EA of the Au atom.
Syntheses of LiCoO2 Mesocrystals by Topotactic Transformation and Their Electrochemical Properties
Authors: Nakajima Keisuke , Oaki Yuya , Imai Hiroaki
Published: August 2013

Synthetic routes for LiCoO2 mesocrystals with porous and single‐crystalline structures through the topotactic transformation of precursor crystals are developed. Octahedral LiCoO2 frameworks of 4–6 μm in diameter, consisting of 600–800 nm subunits, are obtained from octahedral solid particles of Co2(OH)3Cl. Hollow LiCoO2 plates about 600 nm wide and 40 nm thick composed of 100–400 nm subunits are produced from hexagonal disks of β‐Co(OH)2. The LiCoO2 mesocrystals exhibit enhanced charge–discharge cycle stability and rate performance as a cathode material for lithium‐ion batteries. The high reactive surface area, owing to the porous framework, and high lithium‐ion and electron conductivities, originating from the single‐crystalline nature, effectively enhance their electrochemical properties.
Three‐Dimensional Superwetting Mesh Film Based On Graphene Assembly for Liquid Transportation and Selective Absorption
Authors: Sun Hanxue , Li An , Qin Xiaojuan , Zhu Zhaoqi , Liang Weidong , An Jin , La Peiqing , Deng Weiqiao
Published: August 2013

Superwetting membranes or porous absorbent materials have recently attracted considerable interest from both commercial and academic communities due to their excellent performance for separation or selective absorption of organic compounds and oils from water, which shows great potential for addressing environmental issues. Herein, the first example of engineering a commercially available stainless‐steel grid based on the assembly of graphene for the fabrication of superwetting mesh films (SMFs) is reported. An excellent surface wettability of the SMFs, which exhibit a unique adhesion force to liquids, is observed; this makes it possible to transfer small quantities of liquid samples to perform microsample analysis. A three‐dimensional SMF shows unprecedented performance in the separation, transportation, and selective absorption of organic compounds or oils from water. The performance is considerably improved in comparison to traditional separation/absorption technologies and may useful for a wide range of applications such as purification, water treatment, or oil‐spill cleanup.
Security analysis of an authentication and key agreement protocol for satellite communications
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Chen Jianhua , Huang Baojun
Published: August 2013

Recently, Chang et al. proposed an authentication and key agreement protocol for satellite communications, and they claimed that their scheme could withstand various attacks. However, in this paper, we will show that their scheme is vulnerable to the denial of service attack and the impersonation attack. Moreover, we also point out that the adversary could compute the session key through the intercepted message. The analysis shows the scheme of Chang et al. is not secure for practical applications. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dipyridyl‐immobilized ionic liquid type hybrid silica monolith for hydrophilic interaction electrochromatography
Authors: Wang Xiao , Zheng Na , Huang Yifang , Wang Jiabin , Lin Xucong , Xie Zenghong
Published: August 2013

A pyridinium‐based immobilized ionic liquid type multifunctional hybrid silica monolith was prepared by the in situ polymerization of 3‐chloropropyl‐silica matrix and 4,4′‐dipyridyl for hydrophilic interaction CEC. The obtained hybrid monolith possessed of high stable skeletal microstructures with obviously hydrophilic retention mechanism under ACN content >50% in the mobile phase. Strong and stable anodic EOF could be observed under a broad pH range from pH 3.0 to 9.0. Due to the immobilized dipyridyl groups bonded to the silica matrix surface, the resulting hydrophilic hybrid monolith possessed multiple separation interactions including hydrogen bond, π–π, and anion exchange. Excellent separations of various polar analytes including electroneutral phenols, charged acid nucleotides, and basic analytes were successfully achieved. The highest column efficiencies up to 120 000, 164 000, and 106 000 plates/m were obtained for nucleotides, nucleic acid bases, and nucleosides and nicotines, respectively. These results demonstrated that the dipyridyl‐immobilized ionic liquid functionalized hybrid monolith possessed highly mechanical stability and good chromatographic performance for hydrophilic interaction electrochromatography.