bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multifluid Modelling of Relativistic Radiation Hydrodynamics
Authors: Gavassino Lorenzo , Antonelli Marco , Haskell Brynmor
Published: September 2020

The formulation of a universal theory for bulk viscosity and heat conduction represents a theoretical challenge for our understanding of relativistic fluid dynamics. Recently, it was shown that the multifluid variational approach championed by Carter and collaborators has the potential to be a general and natural framework to derive (hyperbolic) hydrodynamic equations for relativistic dissipative systems. Furthermore, it also allows keeping direct contact with non-equilibrium thermodynamics, providing a clear microscopic interpretation of the elements of the theory. To provide an example of its universal applicability, in this paper we derive the fundamental equations of the radiation hydrodynamics directly in the context of Carter’s multifluid theory. This operation unveils a novel set of thermodynamic constraints that must be respected by any microscopic model. Then, we prove that the radiation hydrodynamics becomes a multifluid model for bulk viscosity or heat conduction in some appropriate physical limits.
Theory-Based Model and Prediction Analysis of Information Security Compliance Behavior in the Saudi Healthcare Sector
Authors: T. Alanazi Sultan , Anbar Mohammed , A. Ebad Shouki , Karuppayah Shankar , Al-Ani Hadeer A.
Published: September 2020

The adoption of health information systems provides many potential healthcare benefits. The government of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has subsidized this field. However, like those of other less developed countries, organizations in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia struggle to secure their health information systems. This issue may stem from a lack of awareness regarding information security. To date, most related studies have not considered all of the factors affecting information security compliance behavior (ISCB), which include psychological traits, cultural and religious beliefs, and legal concerns. This paper aims to investigate the usefulness of a theory-based model and determine the predictors of ISCB among healthcare workers at government hospitals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study investigated 433 health workers in Arar, the capital of the Northern Borders Province in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Two phases involved in this study were the hypothetical model formulation and identification of ISCB predictors. The results suggest that moderating and non-common factors (e.g., religion and morality) impact ISCB, while demographic characteristics (e.g., age, marital status, and work experience) do not. All published instruments and theories were embedded to determine the most acceptable theories for Saudi culture. The theory-based model of ISCB establishes the main domains of theory for this study, which were religion/morality, self-efficacy, legal/punishment, personality traits, cost of compliance/noncompliance, subjective norms, information security policy, general information security, and technology awareness. Predictors of ISCB indicate that general information security, followed by self-efficacy and religion/morality, is the most influential factor on ISCB among healthcare workers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This study is considered as the first to present the symmetry between theory and actual descriptive results, which were not investigated before.
Equilibrium Geometries, Adiabatic Excitation Energies and Intrinsic C=C/C–H Bond Strengths of Ethylene in Lowest Singlet Excited States Described by TDDFT
Authors: Tao Yunwen , Zhang Linyao , Zou Wenli , Kraka Elfi
Published: September 2020

Seventeen singlet excited states of ethylene have been calculated via time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) with the CAM-B3LYP functional and the geometries of 11 excited states were optimized successfully. The local vibrational mode theory was employed to examine the intrinsic C=C/C–H bond strengths and their change upon excitation. The natural transition orbital (NTO) analysis was used to further analyze the C=C/C–H bond strength change in excited states versus the ground state. For the first time, three excited states including πy′ → 3s, πy′ → 3py and πy′ → 3pz were identified with stronger C=C ethylene double bonds than in the ground state.
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs): Risk Factors for Autism Spectrum Disorder?
Authors: Panesar Harmanpreet Kaur , Kennedy Conner L. , Keil Stietz Kimberly P. , Lein Pamela J.
Published: September 2020

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) includes a group of multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorders defined clinically by core deficits in social reciprocity and communication, restrictive interests and repetitive behaviors. ASD affects one in 54 children in the United States, one in 89 children in Europe, and one in 277 children in Asia, with an estimated worldwide prevalence of 1–2%. While there is increasing consensus that ASD results from complex gene x environment interactions, the identity of specific environmental risk factors and the mechanisms by which environmental and genetic factors interact to determine individual risk remain critical gaps in our understanding of ASD etiology. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that have been linked to altered neurodevelopment in humans. Preclinical studies demonstrate that PCBs modulate signaling pathways implicated in ASD and phenocopy the effects of ASD risk genes on critical morphometric determinants of neuronal connectivity, such as dendritic arborization. Here, we review human and experimental evidence identifying PCBs as potential risk factors for ASD and discuss the potential for PCBs to influence not only core symptoms of ASD, but also comorbidities commonly associated with ASD, via effects on the central and peripheral nervous systems, and/or peripheral target tissues, using bladder dysfunction as an example. We also discuss critical data gaps in the literature implicating PCBs as ASD risk factors. Unlike genetic factors, which are currently irreversible, environmental factors are modifiable risks. Therefore, data confirming PCBs as risk factors for ASD may suggest rational approaches for the primary prevention of ASD in genetically susceptible individuals.
Environmental Health Surveillance System for a Population Using Advanced Exposure Assessment
Authors: Yang Wonho , Park Jinhyeon , Cho Mansu , Lee Cheolmin , Lee Jeongil , Lee Chaekwan
Published: September 2020

Human exposure to air pollution is a major public health concern. Environmental policymakers have been implementing various strategies to reduce exposure, including the 10th-day-no-driving system. To assess exposure of an entire population of a community in a highly polluted area, pollutant concentrations in microenvironments and population time–activity patterns are required. To date, population exposure to air pollutants has been assessed using air monitoring data from fixed atmospheric monitoring stations, atmospheric dispersion modeling, or spatial interpolation techniques for pollutant concentrations. This is coupled with census data, administrative registers, and data on the patterns of the time-based activities at the individual scale. Recent technologies such as sensors, the Internet of Things (IoT), communications technology, and artificial intelligence enable the accurate evaluation of air pollution exposure for a population in an environmental health context. In this study, the latest trends in published papers on the assessment of population exposure to air pollution were reviewed. Subsequently, this study proposes a methodology that will enable policymakers to develop an environmental health surveillance system that evaluates the distribution of air pollution exposure for a population within a target area and establish countermeasures based on advanced exposure assessment.
Introduction to the Toxins Special Issue on Botulinum Neurotoxins in the Nervous System: Future Challenges for Novel Indications
Authors: Luvisetto Siro
Published: September 2020

Botulinum toxins (BoNTs) are a true wonder of nature [...]
CBF-1 Promotes the Establishment and Maintenance of HIV Latency by Recruiting Polycomb Repressive Complexes, PRC1 and PRC2, at HIV LTR
Authors: Sharma Adhikarimayum Lakhikumar , Hokello Joseph , Sonti Shilpa , Zicari Sonia , Sun Lin , Alqatawni Aseel , Bukrinsky Michael , Simon Gary , Chauhan Ashok , Daniel Rene , Tyagi Mudit
Published: September 2020

The C-promoter binding factor-1 (CBF-1) is a potent and specific inhibitor of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 LTR promoter. Here, we demonstrate that the knockdown of endogenous CBF-1 in latently infected primary CD4+ T cells, using specific small hairpin RNAs (shRNA), resulted in the reactivation of latent HIV proviruses. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays using latently infected primary T cells and Jurkat T-cell lines demonstrated that CBF-1 induces the establishment and maintenance of HIV latency by recruiting polycomb group (PcG/PRC) corepressor complexes or polycomb repressive complexes 1 and 2 (PRC1 and PRC2). Knockdown of CBF-1 resulted in the dissociation of PRCs corepressor complexes enhancing the recruitment of RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) at HIV LTR. Knockdown of certain components of PRC1 and PRC2 also led to the reactivation of latent proviruses. Similarly, the treatment of latently infected primary CD4+ T cells with the PRC2/EZH2 inhibitor, 3-deazaneplanocin A (DZNep), led to their reactivation.
Re-Examination of the Relationship between Agricultural Economic Growth and Non-Point Source Pollution in China: Evidence from the Threshold Model of Financial Development
Authors: Jiang Song , Qiu Shuang , Zhou Jie
Published: September 2020

The coordinated development of agricultural economic growth and non-point source (NPS) pollution is an important task in enhancing pollution prevention. Significantly, agricultural economic growth and NPS pollution are interrelated, and their mechanism will be affected by financial development. For this reason, the current study established a panel smooth transformation regression (PSTR) model to reveal the mechanical evolution under different financial development levels. It was found that the impact of agricultural economic growth on NPS pollution was significantly positive in the low level of financial development, which is manifested as an “intensification effect”. Fortunately, when the level of financial development reaches the medium and high thresholds, agricultural economic growth will inhibit agricultural NPS pollution. At the same time it was also found that the impact of agricultural economic growth on NPS pollution is manifested as an “inhibition effect” at the overall level, but presenting significant structural differences. Specifically, the impact on the eastern and central regions of China is manifested as an “inhibition effect”, whereas the impact in the western region of China is characterized as an “intensification effect”. Finally, the elasticity analysis showed that the influence of financial development on agricultural NPS pollution was significantly positive, and that its intensification effect is ubiquitous.
Urban Stormwater Management, a Tool for Adapting to Climate Change: From Risk to Resource
Authors: Hernández-Hernández María , Olcina Jorge , Morote Álvaro-Francisco
Published: September 2020

The effects of climate change on rainfall in the Mediterranean region are manifested in an overall decreasing trend, and greater irregularity in annual volumes and the city of Alicante is no exception. In addition, there has also been a spread of the urbanised area, which has led to an increase in the flood risk in urban areas (due to a greater runoff and the occupation of flood hazard areas) and drought events due to an increase in the water demand. In light of these new scenarios, the Mediterranean cities should design adaptation systems based on rainwater harvesting within the framework of a circular economy. This study analyses the integration of rainwater in flood and water demand management in the city of Alicante (Southern Spain). In recent years, this city has developed infrastructures in order to use these resources. To do this, different databases have been analysed (rainfall and volume of water collected in the green infrastructure systems). The results reveal that stormwater has become highly important in urban water management in Alicante as the city is now using a resource that previously went to waste and created problems (flooding and pollution). By way of conclusion, it is worth mentioning that the incorporation of rainwater for urban use in Alicante has reduced the pressure on traditional resources in satisfying water demand and has also acted as a measure for adapting to climate change.
Methane Levels of a River Network in Wuxi City, China and Response to Water Governance
Authors: Li Lingling , Yan Renhua , Xue Bin
Published: September 2020

The majority of rivers are a CH4 source that accounts for an important proportion of annual global emissions. However, CH4 evasion from urban river networks has received disproportionately less attention than their contribution. The effect of water governance on water quality and CH4 emission in urban areas remains unclear. Water quality, CH4 concentrations, and fluxes from a river network in Binhu District, Wuxi City, and their response to water governance were analyzed in this study. CH4 concentrations in the investigated rivers ranged from 0.05 μmol L−1 to 16.37 μmol L−1 (2.47 ± 4.5 μmol L−1, medium 0.23 μmol L−1), and CH4 diffusive fluxes were 75.55 ± 171.78 μmol m−2 h−1 with a medium of 6.50 μmol m−2 h−1. CH4 concentration showed a significant correlation with water quality parameters, especially for NH3–N (r = 0.84, p < 0.001). Significant differences in water quality and CH4 levels were found between sites that had conducted water management and those that continued to exhibit poor water quality. Our analysis showed that rivers under water governance have a positive tendency toward water ecological restoration, and a significant decrease in CH4 efflux to the air can be achieved after extensive and intensified water governance.
Delineation of Radar Glacier Zones in the Antarctic Peninsula Using Polarimetric SAR
Authors: Fu Wenxue , Li Xinwu , Wang Meng , Liang Lei
Published: September 2020

Climate change is a cause of the expansion of snowmelt phenomena in the Antarctic, and shifts in position of wet and dry snow lines have been considered as good indicators of climate changes. The impacts of climate change are observable by the delineation of significant position change of glacier zones. The principal limitation of current glacier zone classification methods by synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image is that it is difficult to discriminate dry-snow and wet-snow zones using only single-polarimetric radar backscattering intensity. This study tried to solve the problem using polarimetric SAR (PolSAR). Analysis indicates that polarimetric decomposition elements could be efficient characteristics to delineate radar glacier zones by recognition of principal backscatter patterns. Further, two radar glacier zone classification processes for polarimetric SAR are proposed: a supervised support vector machine (SVM) classification process and a simple decision-tree classification method. These methods enable reliable delineation of radar glacier zones in the Antarctic Peninsula. Polarimetric SAR, which provides more information about the scattering processes and target structure, proves to be an efficient tool for delineating radar glacier zones and snowmelt detection.
MECANISMOS DE INFLUÊNCIA DE PESSOAL: UM ETUDO FEITO COM GERENTES DE UMA AGENCIA DE UM BANCO PUBLICO NA CIDADE DE PALMAS-TO
Authors: Gomes Fernanda
Published: September 2020

O setor financeiro por se tratar de um mercado altamente competitivo e que cobram resultados rápidos, os líderes precisam saber lidar com sua equipe e motiva-los. Buscando conhecimento e aperfeiçoamento constante. O Banco estudado acredita no potencial humano por isso investe milhões em educação corporativa. O papel dos gestores é fundamental neste contexto. Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar os mecanismos de influências que os gerentes das agências bancários dos Bancos do Brasil de Palmas - TO na motivação de seus liderados. As pesquisas bibliográficas deram embasamento e referencial teórico a este objetivo. Por se tratar de uma pesquisa descritiva quantitativa, foi elaborado um questionário, de forma a buscar o perfil e as táticas aplicadas por esses gerentes no processo de influenciar seus colaborados ao alcance das metas. Foi aplicado Questionário com 10 questões numa escala de Likert aos gerentes de agências de Palmas. Os resultados sinalizam que o líder deve se autoconhecer, investir na capacitação na área de gestão para que possa compreender e entender cada membro da equipe. Por se tratar de personalidades e necessidades diferentes, cabe ao líder conhece-los e aplicar o estilo de liderança e táticas de influencia pra motivar seus colaboradores em prol da instituição, objetivando num ambiente de trabalho harmonioso e que todos estejam engajados no alcance das metas.
Synchronous Quadruple Colon Cancer With Two Lesions Previously Obscured by Ischemic Colitis, Plus Bladder Cancer and Thymoma: A Case Report
Authors: Park Byung-Soo , Cho Sung Hwan , Kim Su Jin , Kim Tae Un , Kim Dong Il , Son Gyung Mo , Kim Hyun Sung
Published: September 2020

Synchronous quadruple colorectal cancer (CRC) is extremely rare without genetic alterations. We present a case of synchronous quadruple CRC with 2 lesions previously obscured by ischemic colitis. A 73-year-old woman was admitted to our emergency department. An abdominal computed tomography revealed ischemic colitis and irregular wall thickening of the sigmoid colon and sigmoid-descending junction, suspicious of 2 colon cancers. A colonoscopy examination revealed a fungating mass 20 cm from the anal verge, as well as ischemic colitis spanning the mucosa from the sigmoid colon to the transverse colon. The patient underwent laparoscopic Hartmann procedure. Pathologic examination confirmed both lesions as adenocarcinomas with microsatellite stable. Seven months postoperatively, instead of a laparoscopic Hartmann reversal, a laparoscopic total colectomy was performed due to the continued presence of severe ischemic colitis. The pathologic report suggested the presence of 2 distinct invasive adenocarcinomas in the descending colon without genetic alterations such as microsatellite instability.
Characteristics of Patients Presented With Metastases During or After Completion of Chemoradiation Therapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Case Series
Authors: Torky Radwan , Alessa Mohammed , Kim Ho Seung , Sakr Ahmed , Zakarneh Eman , Sauri Fozan , Bae Heejin , Kim Nam Kyu
Published: September 2020

Purpose: Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is managed by chemoradiotherapy (CRT), followed by surgery. Herein we reported patients with metastases during or after CRT.Methods: Data of patients with LARC who received CRT from 2008 to 2017 were reviewed. Patients with metastases after CRT were included. Those with metastatic tumors at the initial diagnosis were excluded.Results: Fourteen patients (1.3%) of 1,092 who received CRT presented with metastases. Magnetic resonance circumferential resection margin (mrCRM) and mesorectal lymph nodes (LNs) were positive in 12 patients (85.7%). Meanwhile, magnetic resonance extramural vascular invasion (mrEMVI) was positive in 10 patients (71.4%). Magnetic resonance tumor regression grade (mrTRG) 4 and mrTRG5 was detected in 5 and 1 patient respectively. Ten patients (71.4%) underwent combined surgery and 3 (21.4%) received palliative chemotherapy.Conclusion: Patients with metastases after CRT showed a higher rate of positive mrCRM, mrEMVI, mesorectal LNs, and poor tumor response. Further studies with a large number of patients are necessary for better survival outcomes in LARC.
Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis for Ulcerative Colitis: An Australian Institution’s Experience
Authors: Lim Ming Han , Lord Anton R. , Simms Lisa A. , Hanigan Katherine , Edmundson Aleksandra , Rickard Matthew J.F.X. , Stitz Russell , Clark David A. , Radford-Smith Graham L.
Published: September 2020

Purpose: We report outcomes and evaluate patient factors and the impact of surgical evolution on outcomes in consecutive ulcerative colitis patients who had restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) at an Australian institution over 26 years.Methods: Data including clinical characteristics, preoperative medical therapy, and surgical outcomes were collected. We divided eligible patients into 3 period arms (period 1, 1990 to 1999; period 2, 2000 to 2009; period 3, 2010 to 2016). Outcomes of interest were IPAA leak and pouch failure.Results: A total of 212 patients were included. Median follow-up was 50 (interquartile range, 17 to 120) months. Rates of early and late complications were 34.9% and 52.0%, respectively. Early complications included wound infection (9.4%), pelvic sepsis (8.0%), and small bowel obstruction (6.6%) while late complications included small bowel obstruction (18.9%), anal stenosis (16.8%), and pouch fistula (13.3%). Overall, IPAA leak rate was 6.1% and pouch failure rate was 4.8%. Eighty-three patients (42.3%) experienced pouchitis. Over time, we observed an increase in patient exposure to thiopurine (P=0.0025), cyclosporin (P=0.0002), and anti-tumor necrosis factor (P<0.00001) coupled with a shift to laparoscopic technique (P<0.00001), stapled IPAA (P<0.00001), J pouch configuration (P<0.00001), a modified 2-stage procedure (P=0.00012), and a decline in defunctioning ileostomy rate at time of IPAA (P=0.00002). Apart from pouchitis, there was no significant difference in surgical and chronic inflammatory pouch outcomes with time.Conclusion: Despite greater patient exposure to immunomodulatory and biologic therapy before surgery coupled with a significant change in surgical techniques, surgical and chronic inflammatory pouch outcome rates have remained stable.
Semiotic and Temporal Relativity in Arrival
Authors: Akter Habiba
Published: September 2020

This paper is an attempt to discover the semiotic relationship between time and language in the motion film Arrival. There is a clear attempt from the makers of this film to blend linguistic research with humane narrative. Time and Semiotics play seminal factors in this film as they both mark the understanding of the unique plot structure of the film that converts a popular Hollywood theme into an academic research. This study will also examine the practicability of linguistic relativity in this film through the lead character Dr. Louse Banks. It will also shade some light considering novel languages from a culturally and temporally connected perspectives.
Ultrasound assisted extraction for the recovery of phenolic compounds from waste hazelnut shell
Authors: Dal Orkan , Şengün Duygu , Yüksel Özşen Aslı
Published: September 2020

Hazelnut shell is the primary byproduct of hazelnut industry which has the potential source of antioxidants, and phenolics with interest of pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries. The main goal of this study is to determine effects of extraction method, extraction time, solvent type, solid to liquid ratio, and particle size on extraction yield, antioxidant capacity, and total phenolic content of waste hazelnut shell. The highest extraction yield was found as 15.4% by using methanol as solvent, in combined extraction for 16 h total extraction time. As for the best antioxidant capacity, 0.0508 mg TE mL-1 was observed by using methanol as a solvent in ultrasonic extraction, whereas the highest phenolic content was found as 0.188 mg GAE mL-1 by Soxhlet extraction with acetone for 8 h. After extraction of hazelnut shell waste, major components were found as oleic and palmitic acids for all solvent types according to GC-MS results.
Discovering Markets
Authors: Kleinheyer Marius , Mayer Thomas
Published: September 2020

This paper extends subjective expectations theory to form a new approach called the discovering markets hypothesis (DMH). Market participants form expectations on the basis of subjective knowledge and communicate with each other through narratives to improve their understanding of factual information before acting in markets. Thus, market prices are shaped by the subjective interpre-tation of emerging facts and shared narratives. To understand how new narratives replace existing ones, we refer to the theory of scientific revolutions. Winning narratives shape market prices until their victory is confirmed by the facts or they are discredited by facts and replaced by new narratives.
Planned Economy and Economic Planning: What "The People's Republic of Walmart" Got Wrong about the Nature of Economic Planning
Authors: Kónya Márton
Published: September 2020

Leigh Phillips and Michal Rozworski’s The People’s Republic of Walmart entered the scene in 2019 with the remarkable idea that mammoth firms such as Walmart and Amazon, by being able to direct huge volumes of resources—sometimes with the capacity of entire countries—without an inner market to signal prices, are living evidence of the viability of a collectively planned economy. Moreover, they argue that the nondemocratic command system that often accompanies the structure of firms is due to their operation in a profit-seeking market system. Using the Austrian arguments propounded during the economic calculation debate, this essay shows that not only are firms, like other organizations, unable to substitute the market in coordinating their economic plans, but that their nondemocratic elements arise precisely from their function as “miniature planned economies,” demonstrating that the authors have misunderstood the nature of economic planning in a market economy. It is further argued that the problems that a planned economy would face without market signals would no less obstruct the efficient and successful operation of private firms if they ever tried to eliminate the market creating them.
Sversare, sversamento, pessime pratiche ma parole del tutto accettabili
Authors: Iacobini Claudio
Published: September 2020

Diversi lettori dichiarano perplessità sulla correttezza dell’impiego del verbo sversare e del suo derivato sversamento.
RANCANG BANGUN ROBOT VACUUM CLEANER DENGAN MENERAPKAN PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC UNTUK PENGATURAN NAVIGASI
Authors: Adeyanto Zamroni , Izzuddin Ahmad , Hikmah Nuzul
Published: September 2020

Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sering kita jumpai kotoran ataupun debu yang tersebar di dalam maupun di luar rumah, ini disebabkan karena adanya partikel debu yang datang melalui udara dan menempel pada setiap permukaan rumah. Membersihkan lantai dari kotoran ataupun debu adalah suatu kegiatan yang harus dilakukan oleh masyarakat agar dapat menjaga kebersihan rumah sehingga rumah akan tampak bersih dan indah. Untuk membersihkan debu yang selalu menempel pada lantai biasanya masyarakat menggunakan alat sederhana berupa sapu ijuk ataupun kemoceng serta adapula yang menggunakan vacuum cleaner manual yang masih dikontrol oleh manusia Hal ini dinilai sangat konvensional karena dengan menggunakan alat tersebut pekerjaan akan memakan energi dan waktu yang lama dibandingkan dengan menggunakan robot vacuum cleaner yang bernavigasi secara otomatis. Berdasarkan permasalahan yang telah diuraikan peneliti akan merancang dan membangun sebuah robot vacuum cleaner yang dapat bernavigasi secara otomatis dan menerapkan logika propositional logic pada robot sehingga robot dapat kembali ke jalur setelah melewati rintangan agar tidak terdapat daerah yang tidak dilewati oleh robot vacuum cleaner tersebut. Dari penelitian ini berhasil membangun robot dengan menerapkan propositional logic yang berintegrasi dengan sistem kontrol PID, yang mana robot dapat mengitari seluruh ruangan dengan skala 160 cm2 dan dapat menghindari rintangan lalu kembali pada jalur yang belum dilalui oleh robot. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan 10 kali pengujian pada robot dalam bernavigasi sehingga didapat presentase keberhasilan robot dalam bernavigasi yaitu berhasil 90%.
ELT written discourse vs. a teacher’s speech: experience of Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors:   Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics, Ukraine, Suknov Mykhail , Krynska Nataliia
Published: September 2020

This article aims to contrast examples of teachers’ speech as spoken pedagogic discourse with the written discourse of a Teacher’s book enclosed with an international English language teaching (ELT)). During any EFL (English as a Foreign Language) lesson based on published ELT materials, a teacher uses printed texts of ELT materials, adjuncts and expands them in the learning process according to a particular educational setting and learning needs. The teacher sets tasks from a textbook but articulates them through his/her own interpretation related to local educational paradigm and social ideology. Being a mediator between the written discourse of ELT materials and the learners, the teacher produces his/her speech, which presents another example of pedagogic discourse. Applying methods of critical discourse analysis (CDA) we compare examples of the written discourse of the Teacher’s book (TB) and the teacher’s spoken discourse. We analysed how the latter was developed on the basis of a detailed lesson plan from the Teacher’s book (TB). The comparative analysis reveals a difference between the spoken teacher’s discourse derived from the discourse of ELT materials and the written discourse of the TB in that it shows the dominance of the teacher’s discourse within the local educational paradigm over those who produce such ELT materials. / Keywords: pedagogic discourse, classroom discourse, critical discourse analysis (CDA), written discourse of textbook, teacher’s speech
Critical secrets: tensions between authoring texts and the readability of leveled books
Authors: Gallagher Tiffany L. , Winters Kari-Lynn
Published: September 2020

In this inquiry an educational researcher and children’s book author interrogated the process of the authorship of leveled readers, reconciling publishing protocols and readability formulae in order to encourage critical viewpoints for readers and educators. Data included publishers’ guidelines, interviews, journaled field notes, readability scores, and draft samples of leveled book manuscripts. Qualitative analyses yielded three themes that offer a glimpse into the tensions that a leveled text author contemplates prior to and during the writing process. Issues of engagement, power, identity and agency are peppered throughout the author’s process. Finally, there is a discussion of the impact of text readability calculations. This paper brings to light critical questions that educators and administrators might ask about leveled text readability in relation to their students’ needs and considerations for educators to bring a critical literacy approach into the classroom during the use of leveled texts. / Keywords: readability, leveled readers, book authoring, publishing, critical literacy, engagement, identity, agency
The applicability of English language teaching methods to other subjects
Authors:   British Council, Afghanistan, Hussain Parwiz
Published: September 2020

This paper reports the findings of a pilot teacher training course being delivered to teachers and teacher educators of Islamic studies subject at British Council Afghanistan. The main aim of the training course was to find out to what extent the methodologies and approaches being used to teach English language are applicable in teaching other subjects. In this research fifteen teachers and educators participated in a four-day training course. The findings show that Test-Teach-Test, Task-based Learning, Jigsaw Reading, and many other teaching methods are easily applicable in teaching Islamic studies. / Keywords: teaching methodology, English language, applicability, other contexts, test-teach-test, task-based learning, teaching listening, teaching reading, jigsaw reading
Partida de reator uasb em escala real no tratamento de esgoto doméstico em região de clima quente
Authors: Wandréia Nogueira Moreira Yanka , Raya Paula de Lima Mira , Lima de Oliveira Júnior José , Barbosa de Araújo Silva Priscilla , Batista de Almeida Ana Beatriz
Published: September 2020

A presente pesquisa avaliou a partida de um Reator UASB no tratamento de efluente doméstico por meio de parâmetros físico-químicos e operacionais. A partida empregou inoculação de 10 m³ de lodo anaeróbio como semeadura. Durante 12 semanas de avaliação observou-se estabilidade em relação aos parâmetros: pH, Temperatura, Alcalinidade Total (AT) e Ácidos Graxos Voláteis (AGV). Todavia, houve baixas eficiências de remoção para Sólidos Suspensos Totais (SST), Demanda Química de Oxigênio (DQO) e Demanda Bioquímica de Oxigênio (DBO), de 36,8%, 56,13% e 42,04%, respectivamente, justificadas pelas variações de vazão afluente à ETE, e pelas características do lodo ocasionando perda de sólidos com o efluente. Assim, apesar da inoculação, a partida não foi concluída, constatada, contudo expressiva menor variabilidade nas eficiências para DQO e DBO nas últimas semanas, apontando tendência do reator ao alcance do estado estacionário.
Palavras-chave: Esgoto Sanitário. Tratamento Anaeróbio. Inoculação de Biomassa. Parâmetros Hidráulicos.
Influência das condições de aplicação do carvão ativado pulverizado na eficiência de remoção de azul de metileno no tratamento de água em ciclo completo
Authors: Aparecida Biscola Tainara , Di Bernardo Dantas Angela , Filomena Pereira  Rosa Paschoalato Cristina , Marrengula Fernando Afonso , Ancheschi Roveda Guimarães Mateus
Published: September 2020

A adsorção em carvão ativado pulverizado (CAP) pode ser usada para complementar o tratamento de água em ciclo completo para a remoção de compostos orgânicos em águas superficiais. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a influência do tempo de contato e dosagem de dois CAP na remoção do azul de metileno (AZM) no tratamento de água em ciclo completo, sendo um mineral-CAP A e um vegetal umectado-CAP B. Os resultados mostraram que o CAP A, com IAM de 162 mLg-1, resultou em eficiência de 100% de adsorção do AZM apenas com tempos de contato superiores a 60 min e dosagens acima de 20 mgL-1, enquanto o CAP B, com IAM de 59 mLg-1, resultou em adsorção máxima de 85%. Para o tempo de 5 min, que simula a aplicação do CAP na chegada de água bruta na ETA, as eficiências de adsorção com dosagens de 10 a 30 mgL-1 com os dois CAP estudados não foram satisfatórias, indicando que a seleção de um CAP não deve ser feita apenas por suas características, mas a partir da execução de ensaios de tratabilidade.
Palavras-chave: Adsorção. Carvão Ativado Pulverizado. Tratamento de Água. Microcontaminantes. Tempo de Contato. Dosagem. Azul de Metileno.
Site selection for scaled open water testing of a wave energy converter
Authors: McLean Niall D. , Holland Matthew A. , Maciver Ruairi D. , Bannon Elva B.
Published: September 2020

Many wave energy converter developers opt to carry out scaled prototype open water testing of their device as part of their technology development. Developers who have done this recently include Sea Power (1/5 scale, Galway Bay, 2017), CorPower (1/4 scale, EMEC, 2018) and Marine Power Systems (1/4 scale, FaBTest, ongoing). Scaled open water testing offers several benefits, including more representative realisations of sub-systems, identification and resolution of technological issues associated with scaling-up, and de-risking the manufacturing and marine operational procedures ahead of commercial-scale testing. In preparation for testing in Stage 3 of the Novel Wave Energy Converter programme, Wave Energy Scotland has considered requirements of a suitable scaled open water site and the methods for selection. In common with commercial site identification, this must consider operational infrastructure, time and funding constraints, and the appropriateness of site characteristics. This appropriateness is further complicated by the need to find a site of comparable scaled water depth and where the sea-states of interest (when scaled to full-scale) are likely to occur with sufficient frequency over the duration of the intended testing campaign. This paper presents an approach, and its associated assumptions, to identify locations which have the potential to satisfy the scaled open water site considerations, before discussing the challenges to satisfy the critical testing outcomes, and the pragmatism required to meet all requirements.
Enhancement of a 3-DOF submerged wave energy device using bistability
Authors: Schubert Benjamin , Robertson William S. P. , Cazzolato Benjamin S.
Published: September 2020

The dynamic response of a submerged CETO shaped quasi-point absorbing wave energy converter coupled to a bistable power take off is presented in this study. Whilst the impact of bistability has been shown in a limited number of situations to improve the amount of power generated, many models have been restricted to a single degree of freedom and often ignore drag effects. To overcome these model limitations, a submerged single tether point absorber with a bistable power take off was modelled using both 1 and 3 degrees of freedom. The device was subjected to regular waves and included a simple model of viscous drag. The bistable mechanism was provided by a magnetic dipole model quantified by a dimensionless parameter applicable to any bistable system. The performance of the device was is assessed by the theoretical power generated. Over each model, the previously observed benefit of bistability was not consistently obtained. Simulations of regular waves demonstrated an increase in generated power for suboptimal conditions for some frequencies, while a reduction in generated power was observed in optimal conditions. The performance increase showed strong correlation to the phase relationship between the motion and exciting forces as a result of bistability.
Review of tidal turbine wake modelling methods
Authors: Jump Ellen , Macleod Alasdair , Wills Tom
Published: September 2020

Enabling Future Arrays in Tidal (EnFAIT) is an EU Horizon 2020 flagship tidal energy project. It aims to demonstrate the development, operation and decommissioning of the world’s largest tidal array (six turbines), over a five-year period, to prove a cost reduction pathway for tidal energy and confirm that it can be cost competitive with other forms of renewable energy. To determine the optimal site layout and spacing between turbines within a tidal array, it is essential to accurately characterise tidal turbine wakes and their effects. This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of tidal turbine wake modelling methods, with an overview of the relevant fundamental theories. Numerical and physical modelling research completed by both academia and industry are considered to provide an overview of the contemporary understanding in this area. The scalability of single device modelling techniques to an array situation is discussed, particularly with respect to wake interactions.
TWIN BALANCE SHEET PROBLEM OR ASSISTANCE: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORPORATE LEVERAGE AND NON-PERFORMING ASSETS
Authors: Ms. Bhavna Kumawat
Published: September 2020

The paper aimed at studying the twin balance sheet problem in Indian context. Twin balance sheet problem connotes that the effect of failure of corporate loans on the balance sheets of two entities i.e. the banker who grants the loan and the corporate entity who takes the loan. The main objective of the study is to know the relationship between leverage indicators of corporate and NPAs of their bankers. To meet this objective the data were collected from the financial statements of three sample companies and their bankers. The collected data were analyzed using leverage ratios and basic statistical tools like mean, standard deviation, and correlation. The study ratiocinates that some leverage indicators of corporate have strong correlation with the NPAs of bankers therefore the bankers should put in place such system that assess continuously the leverage strength of the corporate before & after the loan is imparted. This system will also aid in reducing the amount of NPAs along with the non remittals of the corporations. This will be beneficial to both the parties and result into twin balance sheet assistance instead of the problem.
KEYWORDS: Twin Balance Sheet, Leverage, Non-Performing Assets, Corporate
Penerapan Analitycal Hierarchy Process (Ahp) dalam Menentukan Lokasi Pabrik Tempe
Authors: Permatasari Cahyaning Kilang
Published: September 2020

Nowadays, tempe household industry entrepreneurs must choose the right factory location. Location is very influential for develop of a company, besides it can minimize problems in the future. The purpose of this study was to determine the percentage of priority criteria in selecting factory locations. The results of the calculation of priority criteria, it is hoped that entrepreneurs will find it easier to determine a suitable location to build a tempe factory. This research was conducted in Karanganyar Regency. The method used to determine the priority criteria for selecting the tempe factory location is Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. After through the process of obtaining data and analyzing calculations using Microsoft Excel, the percentage result of the criteria are geological and climatic conditions (34.67%), availability of labor (26.94%), market and marketing distance (14.93%), transportation facilities (11.36%), supporting facilities and utilities (7.08%) and distance to the location of raw material suppliers (5.02%). This criterion combines several aspects based on the level of importance, so that the results of the order in selecting the location of the tempe factory will be more objective
THE PRAGMATIC USE OF VERISIMILITUDE IN SELECTED INTERACTIONS BETWEEN TERMINALLY-ILL PATIENTS AND THEIR CAREGIVERS
Authors: Jolaoso Oluwafemi , Olajimbiti Ezekiel
Published: September 2020

Concealment, an act of intentionally withholding information for some purposes, is considered to be often employed by caregivers to veil the terminal status of the patients. This paper therefore investigates the pragmatics of concealment in interactions between terminally-ill patients and their caregivers as it relates to psychotherapeutic process; thereby complementing existing studies which have largely captured attitudes, strategies and structures of such discourses. Seven interactions, capturing cancer, heart disease and kidney failure, were collected through tape-recording and participants’ observation at University College Hospital, Ibadan, between February and August, 2016. These were transcribed and analysed using convergence aspect of Gile’s Communication Accommodation Theory. Findings show that concealment in this discourse pragmatically configures psychotherapeutic context which bifurcates into palliative psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioural therapy. Palliative psychotherapy, through shared situational knowledge and mutual contextual belief, raises hope of recovery and dislodges fear of death. Cognitive-behavioural therapy, through shared cultural knowledge, facilitates compliance and support in the healing process. The aforementioned findings resonate that the use of concealment in therapeutic discourse psychologically changes the underlying thoughts that contribute to mental depression and modifies the problematic behaviours that result from these thoughts
Effectiveness of Tutorials in Improving the Academic Performance of English Language Learners
Authors: Glomo-Narzoles Danebeth , Glomo-Palermo Donna
Published: September 2020

This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of an academic intervention, tutorial classes in particular, as perceived by the students specifically in improving their performance in their English subjects. This study made use of the Tutorial Survey questionnaire adapted from Xixi Lu, et.al. (2003). The questionnaire was distributed to the students who attended English language tutorial classes in a private university. In order to substantiate the information gathered through the questionnaire, interviews were also conducted to selected participants.  Results revealed that majority of students who availed the English language tutorials were males. On the other hand, there were more working students who attended the tutorials than the non-working students. The students noted that the tutorial classes for their English subjects were very effective. They perceived the tutorial classes and the faculty tutors positively. Moreover, they were also very satisfied with the tutorial venue and time. The students do not have further recommendations to improve the university’s tutorial classes. The students also added that these tutorials have improved their listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills. For the other academic interventions, the students suggested to have peer tutoring, additional activities or enrichment materials through e-learning sites, and video tutorials for those English subjects with lab components.
THE TEACHERS’ OPINION ON EFFICIENCY OF DISTANCE EDUCATION
Authors: Gayvoronskiy V. G.
Published: September 2020

The article presents the findings of large-scale sociological survey titled ‘Assessment of the distance learning mode in the self-isolation conditions by educators of Rostov Region.’ The survey reflects the opinion of 8,079 teachers, including 7,608 women and 470 men, who work in general education. The relevance of the study is significant given that the entire general education system of the Russian Federation was urgently transferred to the distance learning mode due to the rapid spread of novel coronavirus in first-half 2020. The respondents assessed their own technical and material conditions in which they carried out the educational activities. The survey included analyses of the financial capabilities necessary to ensure the educational process in distance learning from home and the state of health of teachers working in the distant mode. The presented findings indicate that the teaching community negatively assessed the transition. The health of teachers suffered due to long hours in front of the computer, the effectiveness of teaching decreased, and transferability of learning deteriorated due to deficiencies in technical equipment. The article draws a general conclusion that for the present distance education cannot be a full-fledged alternative to general education in its traditional form.
Self-Cleaning Concretes: An Overview
Authors: topçu ilker bekir
Published: September 2020

Many studies have been carried out on the problems of civil engineering with the change of human problems today and in the past. These studies contributed to the development of concrete technology. Concrete is an important building material consisting of mixing aggregate, cement and water with or without chemical and mineral additives since the first day of use. Concrete technology has made great progress and continues. With developing concrete technology, self-cleaning concretes have emerged. Many studies have been conducted on self-cleaning concretes by researchers. This article reviews the research published on self-cleaning concretes and presents its role in reducing environmental pollution and its place in future engineering studies. When we look at the studies on self-cleaning concretes that emerged as a result of the developments in concrete technology, it is seen that the developments have progressed considerably. Contemporary civil engineering has provided a highly effective solution for the solution of modern problems. Environmentally friendly building materials will fulfil their duty in reducing air pollution, one of the biggest problems of our time. Self-cleaning buildings and roads that reduce pollution may sound like futuristic ideas, but it is not far away to encounter these structures more widely in our country and our world.