bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Highly Tunable Molecularly Doped Flexible Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Foam Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters
Authors: Petroff Christopher , Bina Thomas , Hutchison Geoffrey
Published: January 2019

Despite considerable research interest in developing new piezoelectric materials, little work has focused on the fundamental design of these materials from the ground up. Herein, we present a general, versatile method for producing tunable, flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) with excellent piezoelectric response. Using a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) foam derived from a sugar template, we separate the electrical and mechanical properties of the PEH, thereby allowing us to optimize them separately. The electrical properties were tuned by varying the poling field, the polar dopant, and the dopant concentration. The mechanical properties were tuned by varying foam preparation and thus the compressive modulus. Through the careful tuning of these properties, we are able to achieve a maximum piezoelectric response of 153 pC/N—considerably higher than most other reported flexible PEHs. Combined with our previous work, we demonstrate that doping polymer foams with polar dopants is a highly general strategy and has the potential to lead to materials with considerably higher piezoelectric responses.
Rationally Design of a Proline Transporter Inhibitor with Anti-Trypanosoma Cruzi Activity
Authors: Fargnoli Lucia , Panozzo-Zénere Esteban A. , Pagura Lucas , Barisón María Julia , A. Cricco Julia , Mariano Silber Ariel , Labadie Guillermo
Published: January 2019

L-Proline is an important amino acid for the pathogenic protists belonging to Trypanosoma and Leishmania genera. In Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease, this amino acid is involved in fundamental biological processes such as ATP production, differentiation of the insect and intracellular stages, the host cell infection and the resistance to a variety of stresses, including nutritional and osmotic as well as oxidative imbalance. In this study, we explore the L-Proline uptake as a chemotherapeutic target for T. cruzi. For this, we propose a novel rational to design inhibitors containing this amino acid as a recognizable motif. This rational consists of conjugating the amino acid (proline in this case) to a linker and a variable region able to block the transporter. We obtained a series of sixteen 1,2,3-triazolyl-proline derivatives through alkylation and copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (click chemistry) for in vitro screening against T. cruzi epimastigotes, trypanocidal activity and proline uptake. We successfully obtained inhibitors that are able to interfere with the amino acid uptake, which validated the first example of a rationally designed chemotherapeutic agent targeting a metabolite's transport. Additionally, we designed and prepared fluorescent analogues of the inhibitors that were successfully taken up by T. cruzi, allowing following up their intracellular fate. In conclusion, we successfully designed and produced a series of metabolite uptake inhibitors. This is one of few examples of rationally designed amino acid transporter inhibitor, being the first case where the strategy is applied on the development of chemotherapy against Chagas disease. This unprecedented development is remarkable having in mind that only a small percent of the metabolite transporters has been studied at the structural and/or molecular level.
An Insight on the Effect of Azobenzene Functionalities Studied in UiO-66 Framework for Low Energy CO2 Capture and CO2/N2 Membrane Separation
Authors: Ladewig Bradley P. , Prasetya Nicholaus
Published: January 2019

Abstract

In this paper, we report a simple approach to study the fundamental aspect of light-responsive metal organic framework (MOF) in UiO-66 topology through a mixed-ligand approach. Apart from change in the structural property, the loading of azobenzene linker inside the framework also affects the CO2 light-responsive property and CO2/N2 selectivity which could help to design future low-energy CO2 adsorbents. Further study to incorporate the MOFs into mixed matrix membranes also indicates the benefit of higher azobenzene loading in the MOF to enhance the CO2/N2 separation performance since it can improve the separation performance which could not be obtained in non-functionalized fillers.

Data RepositoryResearch data and additional high-resolution images are available from the open repository: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2533852
Pd-Catalyzed C–N Coupling Reactions Facilitated by Organic Bases: Mechanistic Investigation Leads to Enhanced Reactivity in the Arylation of Weakly Binding Amines
Authors: Dennis Joseph , White Nicholas , Liu Richard , Buchwald Stephen L.
Published: January 2019

The ability to use soluble organic amine bases in Pd-catalyzed C–N cross-coupling reactions has provided a long-awaited solution to the many issues associated with employing traditional, heterogeneous reaction conditions. However, little is known about the precise function of these bases in the catalytic cycle and about the effect of variations in base structure on catalyst reactivity. We used 19F NMR to analyze the kinetic behavior of C–N coupling reactions facilitated by different organic bases. In the case of aniline coupling reactions employing DBU, the resting state was a DBU-bound oxidative addition complex, LPd(DBU)(Ar)X, and the reaction was found to be inhibited by base. In general, however, depending on the binding properties of the chosen organic base, increased concentration of the base can have a positive or negative influence on the reaction rate. We propose a model in which the turnover-limiting step of the catalytic cycle depends on the relative nucleophilicity of the base compared to that of the amine. This hypothesis guided the discovery of new reaction conditions for the coupling of weakly binding amines, including secondary aryl amines, which were unreactive nucleophiles in our original protocol.
Integrated CO2 Capture and Conversion into Valuable Hydrocarbons
Authors: Ramirez Adrian , Ould-Chikh Samy , Gevers Lieven , Chowdhury Abhishek Dutta , Abou-hamad Edy , Aguilar-Tapia Antonio , Hazemann Jean-Louis , Wehbe Nimer , Al Abdulghani Abdullah J. , Kozlov Sergey M. , Cavallo Luigi , Gascon Jorge
Published: January 2019

The alarming atmospheric concentration and continuous emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) require immediate action. As a result of advances in CO2 capture and sequestration technologies (generally involving point sources such as energy generation plants), large amounts of pure CO2 will soon be available. In addition to geological storage and other applications of the captured CO2, the development of technologies able to convert this carbon feedstock into commodity chemicals may pave the way towards a more sustainable economy. Here, we present a novel multifunctional catalyst consisting of Fe2O3 encapsulated in K2CO3 that can capture and simultaneously transform CO2 into olefins. In contrast to traditional systems in Fischer-Tropsch reactions, we demonstrate that when dealing with CO2 activation (in contrast to CO), very high K loadings are key to capturing the CO2 via the well-known ‘potassium carbonate mechanism’. The proposed catalytic process is demonstrated to be as productive as existing commercial processes based on synthesis gas while relying on economically and environmentally advantageous CO2 feedstock.
Gas Permeation Through Single-Crystal ZIF-8 Membranes
Authors: Chen Chen , Ozcan Aydin , Yazaydin A. Ozgur , Ladewig Bradley P.
Published: January 2019

AbstractGrain boundaries are an unavoidable microstructural feature in intergrown polycrystalline metal-organic framework (MOF) membranes. They have been suspected to be less size-selective than a MOF’s micropores, resulting in suboptimal separation performances – a speculation recently confirmed by transmission electron microscopy of MOF ZIF-8. Single-crystal membranes, without grain boundaries, should confine mass transport to micropores and reflect the intrinsic selectivity of the porous material. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of fabricating single-crystal MOF membranes and directly measuring gas permeability through such a membrane using ZIF-8 as an exemplary MOF. Our single-crystal ZIF-8 membranes achieved ideal selectivities up to 28.9, 10.0, 40.1 and 3.6 for gas pairs CO2/N2, CO2/CH4, He/CH4 and CH4/N2 respectively, much higher than or reversely selective to over 20 polycrystalline ZIF-8 membranes, unequivocally proving the non-selectivity of grain boundaries. The permeability trend obtained in single-crystal membranes aligned with a force field that had been validated against multiple empirical adsorption isotherms.
PROBLEM OF ISIS’S QUR’ANIC INTERPRETATIONS AND CLAIM OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SHARIA LAW
Authors: Aulassyahied Qaem
Published: January 2019

This paper discusses the problem of ISIS’s Qur’anicinterpretations regarding the implementation of sharia law andthe concept of jihad. It is essential to address this topic becausethe self-proclaimed Caliphate have claimed that their barbaricactions such as indiscriminate killing of civilians, plundering,and declaring other Muslims as apostates are based on Qur’anicverses. They also consider these actions as part of the jihad touphold sharia law. This paper argues that there are two mainproblems in ISIS’s Qur’anic interpretations, namely (1) cherrypicking Qur’anic verses that support their causes. According tothe principles of Qur’anic exegesis (ushul al-tafsir), thismethod of interpretation is certainly not justified because it willlead to the partial understanding of the message of the Qur’an;(2) attempting to enforce the sharia law without properunderstanding of the law. As a result, ISIS’s implementation ofsharia goes against the ultimate purposes of the sharia (maqasidal-shari’ah).
PELATIHAN PENGELOLAAN LABORATORIUM PENDIDIKAN KIMIA BAGI GURU-GURU MGMP KIMIA BLITAR
Authors: Mitarlis Mitarlis , Herdyastuti Nuniek
Published: January 2019

Community Service Activities (PKM) have been carried out regarding the management of chemical education laboratories in the form of training. The training was given to teachers of Blitar Regency MGMP members. The training activities aimed to increase teachers' knowledge about the management and management of the Chemistry Education Laboratory. The implementation method started from preparation and planning, implementation and evaluation. The results of the training showed an increase in participants' understanding of the management of chemical laboratory. Training activities can be carried out well, and receive positive responses from participants. As many as 67% of participants sent a report on the implementation of laboratory management tasks as a post test in their respective schools. Related to the implementation of the evaluation of the training showed a positive response as indicated by the dominant percentage in the positive (very good and good) total answer statements between 70-90%. Judging from its total usefulness, 89% stated that training activities were very useful and beneficial.
Aprendizaje, arte y creación. Bases para una educación autónoma
Authors: Jaramillo Gonzalo
Published: January 2019

El presente escrito realiza un acercamiento al aprendizaje como actividad humana importante para el buen desarrollo biopsicosocial de las personas, en relación con las prácticas artísticas actuales y la creación como dispositivos vitales de la educación, por tanto es necesario emprender este recorrido de la mano de varios autores de diferentes campos de conocimiento, así como examinar brevemente sobre cada uno de los procesos mencionados, para encontrar algunas relaciones existentes entre ellos, que contribuyan a reflexionar sobre la posibilidad cierta de una educación autónoma en la coyuntura actual.
Mediaci(on):
Authors: Avila Meléndez Norma Angélica
Published: January 2019

Este texto es una invitación a compartir ideas acerca de las estrategias de mediación en museos de arte y, en particular, sobre los usos posibles del museo por los jóvenes que habitan en las ciudades de América Latina. Presenta un proceso de mediación educativa en el Museo Jumex de la Ciudad de México diseñado entre educadores de museos y docentes en artes visuales para jóvenes de un bachillerato público que permitió identificar tres núcleos de discusión: tensiones entre los fines institucionales de la educación formal (escuela) y no formal (museo) ; las estrategias de mediación para acercarse a obras  prácticas procesuales y efímeras; y el potencial de las tácticas del arte contemporáneo para explorar otras posibilidades de uso del museo.
Conversación con Celso Rojas
Authors: Del Pino Inés
Published: January 2019

La entrevista a Celso Rojas, arquitecto y artista plástico cuya pasión es el dibujo, es la oportunidad para conocer desde el propio autor, los significados que están detrás del dibujo, caracterizado por colores oscuros, realizado en carboncillo, aguada o tinta, y en unos casos con la combinación de estas técnicas.  El dibujo sugiere imágenes de seres imaginados, ángeles, demonios, textos que no son legibles, Para Celso Rojas, sus dibujos muestran el lado oscuro del ser humano, la otredad, la vida y la muerte como las dos caras de una totalidad. Una particularidad de su obra es que no tiene fecha, lo que hace que sea percibida como “atemporal”.
Manuela Ribadeneira. Sobre la dirección en la que sopla el viento
Authors: Kronfle Rodolfo , Ribadeneira Manuela
Published: January 2019

Una parte importante del trabajo de Manuela Ribadeneira ha orbitado alrededor del castigo como tema significante, pudiéndose contrastar frente al discurso polarizante de las ideologías y frente al clima agresivo y punitivo instaurado por varios regímenes. Todos los trabajos reunidos en esta exposición, producidos en la última década, surgieron como reacciones a los convulsos escenarios políticos mundiales y regionales del período.

Aunque las indagaciones de la artista en torno a gestos hostiles y arbitrarios en la cotidianidad o en el anecdotario histórico atraviesa intermitentemente su práctica, es desde el 2009 hasta el presente cuando este subtexto adquiere una singular presencia.

El período presidencial de Rafael Correa en el Ecuador (2007-2017), el trágico devenir del socialismo del siglo XXI en Venezuela, los extremos cambios de rumbo o el lenguaje recalcitrante y fustigador que aparece en los escenarios políticos de distintas regiones, lucen como buenas razones para acercarnos al cuerpo de obra aquí reunido.

El trabajo de la artista opera en un registro emocional atravesado por lo político: si bien cada pieza se activa por curiosos datos históricos que actúan como una declaración referida a hechos y circunstancias de la vida pública, estas son también, en esencia, una deriva de los sentimientos que ejemplifica cómo cada quien puede narrar el curso del presente y sus intensidades desde la perspectiva íntima de su experiencia vivencial. Más allá de todas las conexiones contextuales que perfilan en las obras un ángulo crítico, estas comunican cierta impotencia: un sentido de urgencia causado por el entendimiento de vivir inmersos en un mundo gobernado por la incertidumbre y donde impera la posverdad.

Las crónicas involucradas en esta muestra, y los sentidos que se desprenden de ellas, funcionan además como telón de fondo de la participación oficial de la artista en la presente edición de la Bienal de Cuenca. Este texto, a manera de visita guiada, recoge una conversación pieza por pieza entre el curador y la artista, a quien se invitó a revisitar estos trabajos y ponerlos en perspectiva.
Propiedades hipoglucemiantes del chocho Lupinus mutabilis
Authors: Álvarez del Pozo Ana María , Montes Vaca Estela Amalia
Published: January 2019

Se evaluaron las propiedades hipoglucemiantes de la leguminosa Lupinus mutabilis (chocho) en un grupo de 36 estudiantes de educación superior (19 a 47 años). Se distribuyeron dosis de la leguminosa a dos grupos experimentales de los participantes con niveles de glucosa entre 70,9 mg/dl y los 99,8 mg/dl. El primer grupo (GEXP1) recibió una dosis en cada reunión por 6 meses; mientras, el segundo (GEXP2) ocho dosis en cada reunión en el mismo lapso. Tras finalizar cada tratamiento, se evaluó una vez por mes por cinco ocasiones; exámenes de sangre en ayunas determinaron los niveles de glicemia. Se realizaron análisis estadísticos en el programa SPSS que incluyeron el de t de Student para grupos independientes y ANOVA de medidas repetidas. Se certificó que solamente en el (GEXP2) el 100 % de los participantes tuvo una disminución del nivel de glicemia durante los periodos de análisis. Sin embargo, en el ANOVA de los valores de glucosa obtenidos en GEXP1 fueron significativos; no así, en GEXP2. De las 5 ocasiones del análisis de glicemia, en la segunda toma disminuyeron los niveles de glucosa tanto en el Grupo 1 como en el 2. A pesar de que los resultados del estudio observacional fueron positivos, los valores obtenidos no se relacionan con el número de dosis suministrado a los participantes del estudio.
THE USE OF CRYO-FEED IN THE RATION OF DAIRY COWS AND HERD HORSES OF YAKUTIA
Authors: Ivanov R. V. , Nikolaeva N. A. , Hompodoeva U. V. , Borisova P. P.
Published: January 2019

The paper presents testing results of feeding dry cows and horses with cryo-feed, preserved by using natural techniques, at winter grazing (tebenevka). Research into digestibility of nutrition substances of cow ration was carried out on 30 cows of Sirrrmental breed divided into three groups (control and two experimental ones, whose ration included 4 and 1.5 kg of cryo-feed respectively). The introduction of cryo-feed in the ration of cows increased the level of metabolizable energy and had a positive impact on the efficiency of energy metabolism. Cows of the 1 st experimental group, where cryo-feed accounted for 12% of the nutrition ration, showed 5.8% higher protein digestibility than the control group. Feeding cows with cryo-feed in the dry period contributed to the maintenance of reproductive qualities. The percentage of fertilization of cows was 90-100%. It was established that feeding horses on cryo-feed significantly increased their nutritional level at tebenevka in the winter time and fully met the need of animals in feeding elements. This marked a high horse feeding capacity per 1 ha of cryo-feed, which amounted to 129-142 horse days. The advantage in organic matter digestibility at tebenevka on cryo-feed accounted for 11.9%, dry matter - 10.48%, crude protein - 18.3%, crude fiber- 21.9%, crude fat - 13.3%, and nitrogen-free extractive substances - 11.7%. The energy supply of a horse organism per 100 kg of live weight was 32.6 MJ, which exceeded the norm by 14.5%. Better digestibility of nutrients of winter-green mass of oats compared to the grass stand was due to the high content of carotene and provitamin Е in plants preserved on the root by natural cold. During the study it was established that the actual foal crop increased by 12-14% at tebenevka with horses on cryo-feed compared to traditional technology.
REGIONAL EPIZOOTOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS AND INVASIVE DISEASES OF HORSES
Authors: Neustroev M. P. , Tarabukina N. P. , Reshetnikov A. D. , Kokolova L. M.
Published: January 2019

The analysis of infectious and invasive diseases of horses spread in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) was carried out. The data from the reports of the Department of Veterinary Medicine and the Republican Veterinary and Testing Laboratory for the period 1986-2017 was used. The main diseases of horses bred in herds in the conditions of Yakutia, which cause significant economic damage, are rhinopneumonia, salmonellosis, leptospirosis, horse strangles, strongylatoses and parascaridosis. These diseases reduce actual foal crops by 20-40% due to infectious abortions. Economic damage per 100 mares may amount to 800-1600 thousand rubles per year. Salmonellosis abortion was registered in 143 settlements of 22 districts, leptospirosis - in 199 settlements in 25 districts. Incidence of horse strangles accounts for 62%, mortality rate being from 4 to 22%. Circulation of the rhinopneumonia virus was noted in 99 settlements of 16 districts. The prevalence of strongylatoses and parascaridosis is 100 and 64.7%, respectively. The greatest concern for horses is caused by 6 species of gadflies of the genus Hybomitra. Species composition of bloodsucking mosquitoes of Central and Western Yakutia is represented by 14-15 species. The epizootic situation in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) with salmonellosis abortion, rhinopneumonia, leptospirosis, horse strangles, strongylatosis, parascaridosis and entomosis remains tense. It is necessary to develop and implement plans for the prevention of infectious and parasitic diseases using diagnostic stodies, effective vaccines, anthelmmtics and probiotics.
BEAF QUALITY OF PURE-BRED AND CROSS-BRED BEEF CATTLE OF SIBERIA
Authors: Inerbaev B. O. , Borisov N. V.
Published: January 2019

The paper presents requirements to high-quality beef in terms of its general view, biochemical composition, taste and nutritional properties. The parameters which determine the taste, aroma, juiciness, tenderness of meat, as well as the strength and richness of the broth are given. Quality of beef obtained from animals of different beef breeds and their hybrids was assessed. Meat quality of the Hereford breed is higher than that of other most common breeds by the main parameters. The effect of the cow class on the meatproductivity of the young Hereford bulls was experimentally established. They were superior to animals of the control group in pre-slaughter weight by 25 kg (6.4%), slaughter weight - by 15.4 kg (7.5%), relative mass of flesh - by 7.8 kg, half-carcass weight - by 8.1 kg (7.6%). At the age of 20 months Hereford x Simmental steers of the 1st generation and heifers of the 3rd generation were characterized by high quality meat. Depending on housing conditions (with an area of 3.5 m 2 per head), the Kazakh-white-headed x Simmental steers of the 1st generation were in the lead in terms of meat quality. When fattened at the site, the Kazakh-white-headed x young Simmental bulls and heifers of the 1st generation were superior. The positive effect of semen production of Australian stud bulls on meat marbling of Siberian analogues (6 points) was experimentally proven. A new accelerated method of taking a sample of meat for research is described. In this method probes are taken from four easily accessible large muscles: m. supraspinatus, longissimus dorsi, m. iliopsoas (fillet), m. semimembranosus. Their biochemical composition is determined, after which the quality composition of carcass flesh is defined by a special formula with allowance for correction factors.
А METHOD OF EVALUATING THE ABSORPTION SPECTRUM OF WHEAT LEAF BY THE SPECTRUM OF DIFFUSE REFLECTION
Authors: Nikolaev S. V. , Urbanovich E. A. , Shayapov V. R. , Orlova E. A. , Afonnikov D. A.
Published: January 2019

Spectral analysis methods are widely used to assess the condition of plants during normal growth and the development of infections. In combination with mathematical methods of pattern recognition from reflection spectra, different indices are constructed, which vary for plants in different studied physiological (and pathophysiological) states. This approach involves setting up indices for specific shared states. Information about the content of pigments is more universal, and allows to talk about the state of the plant on the basis of physiological concepts, regardless of the task being solved. Methods of reflective spectroscopy have recently been developed to obtain information about the content of pigments. The absorption spectrum is estimated from the diffuse reflection spectrum based on the light propagation model in a disperse medium. One of the models of this type is the model Kubelka-Munch. In the case of the large optical thickness of the sample, when the flow passing through the sample at the output is almost zero, one can use a simplified formula, which does not include the thickness of the sample. In other cases, it is necessary to measure this thickness, which is problematic for such biological objects as a plant leaf, because of the complex relief of the leaf surface. The article presents the measurement method and results of studying the applicability of the formula Kubelka-Munch for obtaining absorption spectra from reflection spectra of a wheat leaf without measuring its thickness. The formula is derived for calculation of Kubelka-Munch function (ratio of the absorption coefficient to the diffusion coefficient) by two measurements of diffusion scattering coefficients from the sample, which are performed with absorbing and reflecting substrates. The method allows to calculate the ratio of the absorption coefficient to the diffusion coefficient without measuring the thickness of the sample under study. This index can be used as an assessment criteria of the absorption spectrum with some proportionality factor. It is possible to recommend the method described as the most valid and accurate one for the determination of the absorption coefficient to the diffusion coefficient ratio of a leaf in the laboratory conditions.
EASIER: Evolutionary Approach for multi-objective Software archItecturE Refactoring
Authors: Arcelli Davide , Cortellessa Vittorio , D'Emidio Mattia , Di Pompeo Daniele
Published: January 2019

Multi-objective optimization has demonstrated, in the last few years, to be an effective paradigm to tackle different architectural problems, such as service selection, composition and deployment. In particular, multi-objective approaches for searching architectural configurations that optimize quality properties (such as performance, reliability and cost) have been introduced in the last decade. However, a relevant amount of complexity is introduced in this context when performance are considered, often due to expensive iterative generation and solution of performance models. In this paper we introduce EASIER (Evolutionary Approach for multi-objective Software archItecturE Refactoring), that is an approach for applying architecture refactoring based on performance aspects and on the cost of architectural changes. In order to mitigate the complexity related to performance, we exploit the knowledge dwelling in performance antipatterns for more effectively driving the evolutionary algorithm towards optimal solutions. We have implemented our approach on AEmilia ADL, so to carry out performance analysis, antipatterns detection and architecture refactoring within the same environment. We demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of our approach through a non-trivial experimentation on a case study.
ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РЕЛІГІЙНОСТІ СТУДЕНТІВ – МАЙБУТНІХ СВЯЩЕННОСЛУЖИТЕЛІВ: ЕМПІРИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Kostruba Natalia
Published: January 2019

У статті розглянуто особливості професійної релігійної освіти Української православної церкви Київського патріархату. Окреслено напрями розвитку релігійної освіти в Україні. Висвітлено основні соціально-психологічні особливості та умови професійної підготовки студентів-богословів: чіткий розпорядок дня, часткова соціальна депривацiя, переважання професійного виховання над професійним навчанням, життя згідно з положенням «церковного уставу», постійна включенiсть у практичну діяльність. Окреслено специфіку релігійних ВНЗ, порівняно з державними. Емпірично досліджено та описано особливості загальної релігійності як соціально-психологічної властивості особистості і її компонентів у студентів-богословів. Серед таких компонентів – ставлення до релігії як філософської концепції; ставлення до магії як віри в інший світ; тенденція пошуку в релігії підтримки й розради; зовнішні ознаки релігійності; інтерес до так званої «псевдонауки», загадкових і таємничих явищ; тенденція вірити у творця; наявність релігійної самосвідомості; ставлення до релігії, як зразку моральних норм поведінки. Виявлено недостатньо розвинені структурні компоненти релігійності в студентів-богословів, серед яких – віра в інший світ, який впливає на реальність через певні знаки та більша опору на знання, а не на віру під час сприймання навколишнього світу. Простежено динаміку розвитку релігійності студентів майбутніх священнослужителів на 1–6 курсах, що дає підстави стверджувати про зростання загального рівня релігійності протягом навчання в релігійних ВНЗ.
КОПІНГ-ПОВЕДІНКА: ОСОБИСТІСНІ ІНВАРІАНТИ ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО СТРЕСУ В ЮРИДИЧНІЙ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: Martirosian Marina
Published: January 2019

У статті наведено теоретичне обґрунтування закономірностей взаємозв’язку особистісних інваріант переживання професійного стресу в юридичній діяльності засобом вироблення відповідної копінг-поведінки цих фахівців. Розроблено теоретичну модель особистісно-інваріативної зумовленості копінг-поведінки в переживанні професійного стресу в юридичній діяльності; виокремлено основні функціональні характеристики копінг-поведінки особистості (мінімізація негативної дії обставин, адаптація, підтримка позитивного «Образу Я», підтримка емоційної рівноваги; підтримка взаємодії з іншими людьми); зазначено харак­теристики переживання професійного стресу в юридичній діяльності в ознаках професійної відповідальності й конфліктності. Наголошено, що подолання несприятливих професійних ситуацій залежить від індивідуальних особливостей особистості, які оформлено в комплекс особистісних якостей фахівців (морально-психологічні, комунікативні, емоційно-вольові, пізнавальні та інтелектуальні), які забезпечують психологічний потенціал й ефективність виконання складних професійних завдань юриста. Визначено взаємозв’язок особистісних інваріант у виборі форм подолання стресових ситуацій через характеристики професійно-психологічної готовності (мобілізаційна, орієнтаційна, операційна, вольова, оцінна) та виокремлено складники професійної стійкості через домінанти активності фахівця (пізнання та самопізнання, діяльності, інтеракції). Наведено й проаналізовано дані щодо особистісно-інваріативної зумовленості регуляції професійного стресу в специфічних модусах психологічного копінгу (раціональний та емоційний) і розкрито вплив негативних професійних факторів юридичної діяльності на особистісний статус фахівця та визначення його адаптаційних можливостей у подоланні професійних стресів.
МОДЕЛЬ СТРУКТУРНОЇ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТІ ПЕДАГОГА
Authors: Gayduk Galina
Published: January 2019

У статті зроблено спробу побудови теоретичної моделі структурної організації професійної толерантності педагога. Аналіз теоретико-емпіричних досліджень проблеми особистості педагога дав змогу зосередити увагу на спе­цифічному підході тісного взаємозв’язку професійної толерантності педагога з його особистістю та встановити необхідність виокремлення психологічних чинників, котрі у своїй сукупності й узгодженості є запорукою успішної професійної реалізації в педагогічній діяльності. На основі визначення педагогічної толе­рантності як системи особистісних характеристик, які визначають стійке усвідомлення провідних професійних ролей, цінностей і норм педагога та ініціюють розвиток професійної культури гуманного й терпимого ставлення до інших людей, розроблено теоретичну модель структурної організації професійної толерантності педагога, яка включає такі компоненти, як когнітивно-інформа­тивний, емоційно-регуляційний, особистісно-комунікативний і поведінково-нормативний. Вищеназвані компоненти професійної толерантності педагога тісно взаємопов’язані між собою й становлять комплекс когнітивних, емоційних, особистісних та поведінкових характеристик фахівця, котрий охоплює оціню­вання можливостей і набуття відповідних рис толерантної особистості. Кожен із них уміщує мотиваційні ознаки професійної самореалізації педагога, які уреальнені в мотиваційно-смислових модусах їх продуктивного функціонування: операційно-смисловому, рефлексивно-смисловому, мотиваційно-регуляційному (внутрішному), мотиваційно-контролюючому (зовнішнішньому).
Judicial Citation, the Supreme Court of Canada, and the Lower Courts: The Case of Alberta
Authors: McCormick Peter J.
Published: January 2019

The author undertakes an examination of the citation practices of the Supreme Court of Canada from 1984 to 1994, with a look at which courts and which judges the Supreme Court tends to favour. Particular attention is given to the frequency of references to the decisions of Alberta courts. Additionally, the article canvasses the basic functions served by the practice of judicial citation.
Using a Contextual Methodology to Accommodate Equality Protections along with the Other Objectives of Government (with Particular Reference to the Income Tax Act): Not the Right Answer, Stupid. The Best Answer
Authors: Fulcher J. E. (Ted)
Published: January 2019

The article examines the judicial development of the Charter's equality provision. The author proposes a "middle-of-the-road" or contextual approach as the most preferable path for this development. He canvasses the approaches to either side of the "middle ground," those of the democrats and the civil libertarians. He argues that both of these more extreme positions should be discouraged in favour of the more "equivocal" contextual approach.
After explaining how the contextual approach has arisen and been developed in recent Supreme Court cases, the author examines this methodology with respect to the interpretation of the Income Tax Act He then utilizes the methodology to resolve some difficult factual situations arising from application of the Income Tax Act.
The New Ontario Judicial Alternative Dispute Resolution Model
Authors: Bowal Peter
Published: January 2019

The author introduces the new ADR Pilot Project currently being tried in the Ontario Court of Justice (General Division). Taking place in Toronto, the project is aimed at avoiding civil litigation. It involves ADR referral and management after filing of the Statement of Defence. First, the parties must meet. If the dispute remains unsettled, statements are submitted by the parties. The parties and counsel then attend an ADR session, which can be a mediation, mini-trial, or neutral evaluation. The advantages and disadvantages of the project are then detailed, for the parties, the public interest, and otherwise.
The author notes that the pilot project stresses many of the same values that are dominant in provincial arbitration legislation. However, there are also significant differences between the schemes.
In the end, the author is optimistic for the success of the project, but cautions that more time must pass before any meaningful assessments can be made.
The Ombudsman: Maladministration and Alternative Dispute Resolution
Authors: Marshall Mary A. , Reif Linda C.
Published: January 2019

The authors seek to highlight the office of the ombudsman, which represents a potentially powerful form of alternative dispute resolution. They first examine the "classic" ombudsman. This ombudsman is basically a neutral party who decides which side is justified in a dispute. They examine how Canadian ombudsman legislation ensures that many of the ombudsman's most important aspects are protected, such as impartiality and immunity from prosecution. They next examine the boundaries of the ombudsman's jurisdiction which, for the classic ombudsman, encompass only the administrative actions of government. The procedures common to most classic ombudsman offices are also outlined.
Next, some challenges to the classic ombudsman are canvassed, such as the privatization of government services. They favour a continuing role for the ombudsman in regulating privately-delivered "public" services. Next, the article looks at different forms of the ombudsman, as adapted around the world. They provide an organizational scheme for these adaptations. Each model is analyzed, and its strengths and weaknesses assessed. The article concludes by stating the similarities found in all ombudsman models and which make the office an important form of ADR.
Dispute Resolution Provisions of the Agreement on Internal Trade
Authors: Di Marzo Luigi
Published: January 2019

The author discusses the new Agreement on Internal Trade, a multilateral trade agreement to which the federal government and all the provincial governments in Canada are parties. The Agreement can also extend to municipal governments and any qualifying 'persons' in certain circumstances. The object of the Agreement is to remove barriers to the free movement of persons, goods, services and investment within Canada.
This article concentrates on the dispute resolution provisions of the Agreement The article is organized into three parts: the main characteristics of these provisions, how they operate for different entities and an assessment of the provisions.
The Agreement prescribes alternative dispute resolution in an effort to avoid the length and cost of traditional court settlements. It has dispute resolution provisions in two places: for each industry in its respective sector chapter and for general application in chapter 17. While the provincial and federal governments may use the dispute resolution provisions directly as needed, non-parties to the Agreement who wish to make use of the provisions may do so only if a government with which they have a "substantial connection" initiates proceedings on their behalf, or after passing a screening process.
The article reviews each step of the process that must be made in order to resolve disputes under the Agreement, both for government-to-government and person-to-government disputes. The article ends with an assessment of the dispute resolution provisions and some suggested improvements to them that may have improved and streamlined the provisions, especially for person-to-government disputes.
A View as to the Profile of a Lawyer in Private Practice
Authors: Hunter Alan D.
Published: January 2019

This article presents a view of the qualifications a lawyer in private practice ought to possess, based on the experiences that the author has had in his years in practice and as a Bencher of the Law Society of Alberta. He lists the professional and personal characteristics that the public should expect from a lawyer.
Some Thoughts on a More Humanist and Equitable Legal Education
Authors: MacKay A. Wayne
Published: January 2019

This article starts with the premise that all teaching is a communication of values between student and teacher. An important challenge in confronting law is making it more inclusive and equitable. A critical step in this process is first recognizing one's own biases. Only then will genuine dialogue about the inherent biases in the legal profession and in law schools be possible. Making law schools more inclusive entails not only superficial changes, but an examination of what is taught, how it is taught and how students are evaluated.
Normative, and Somewhere to Go - Reflections on Professional Responsibility
Authors: Devlin Richard F.
Published: January 2019

In this article the author offers some reflections on professional responsibility. He straddles the optimist and pessimist perspectives espousing "pessoptimism" as a more adequate position than either extreme. The author begins by deconstructing the title of the conference in which the paper was delivered: "A New Look: A National Conference on the Legal Profession and Ethics," which took place in Calgary, in June 1994. Pursuing a middle path between the optimistic and pessimistic approaches to professional responsibility, the author outlines the parameters of his ethical vision which provides some directions for legal practice. There are three elements to his restructured ethical vision: the "talent" of critical self-reflexivity, the maxim to act responsibly and the injunction to do no harm. The author draws two conclusions from his study: first, it is possible to talk about legal ethics and to outline some procedural and substantive ethical guidelines. Second, ethics are plural and diversified, contingent upon the nature of the "law job" involved. Finally, the author attempts to locate the "ethical triad" in the context of several different aspects of the legal profession; in legal education, as law students, lawyers, judges, benchers and legislators. He suggests that the primary responsibility for improved legal service lies with those who are within the system and that legal ethics ought to be seen as enforceable "public" norms. In conclusion, returning to the notion of "pessoptimism," the author advocates an optimistic approach but sets out reservations and cautions. In the end, the author hopes that if the legal community cannot agree to do more good, perhaps it can at least agree to do less harm.
A Theory of Democratic Adjudication: Towards a Representative, Accountable and Independent Judiciary
Authors: Ewing K. D.
Published: January 2019

This article explores how the judiciary, particularly in the modern British context, could increase its representational capacity and its accountability while maintaining its independence. The analysis includes an examination of the functions and principles underlying the judiciary, as well as the current movement for judicial reform in Britain. The author suggests a number of ways for judges to be made accountable in order to promote dialogue between judges and the public, including the appearance before a Select Committee. It is also suggested that a Registrar of Judicial Interests would strengthen both judicial independence and accountability. The author further notes that the creation of a Judicial Appointments Commission, not only to monitor but also to appoint judges, would protect the judiciary's independence from the political sphere.
Still Crazy after All These Years: Section 88 of the Indian Act at Fifty
Authors: Wilkins Kerry
Published: January 2019

Section 88 of the Indian Act which provides, as a matter of federal law, for the application of much provincial law to Indians, is fifty years old this year: an apt time to review what we know of its origins and to reflect on the impact it has had on the Canadian law of Aboriginal peoples. This article attempts just such an assessment.

As it turns out, we know very little about the reasons for s. 88 's enactment; when introduced, it attracted almost no scrutiny from the public, in Parliament, or even at Cabinet. In the years since, we have paid dearly for that inattention. By happenstance, it has managed to fulfill its original mandate to protect Aboriginal peoples' treaty rights from the impact of standards enacted provincially. In almost every other respect, however, s. 88 has given rise to confusion and to controversy, frustrating courts' efforts to apply it coherently, thwarting Aboriginal peoples' (and others') attempts to tell what mainstream law prescribes, and complicating otherwise routine tasks of enforcement and administration. It is, for these reasons, a provision overdue for reconsideration.
Equitable Compensation for Breach by Fact-Based Fiduciaries: Tentative Thoughts on Clarifying Remedial Goals
Authors: Berryman Jeff
Published: January 2019

The Supreme Court of Canada has purported to distinguish the approach to quantifying equitable compensation from that applied to the quantification of damages in common law for breach of contract or tort. In particular, the rules associated with causation and remoteness and the application of evidential presumptions has dominated this discourse. In this comment the author suggests that these distinctions are adding to conceptual muddling of the fiduciary relationship and that it would be better for the court to embrace totally the sophisticated analytical rules of the common law rather than recreate new rules in equity. Further, he argues that the distinctive features of the fiduciary relationship would be better recognized through the application of punitive damages rather than the distortion of compensation principles.
If the Queen Were to Abdicate: Procedure under Canada's Constitution
Authors: Banks Margaret A.
Published: January 2019

The author looks at the legal aspects of the question of how Queen Elizabeth II could successfully abdicate the throne in order to allow the Prince of Wales to become the King of Canada as well as the King of the United Kingdom. Particular attention is given to the issues of which measures Canada would have to adopt to allow the abdication, how these measures would have to be enacted, and which level of government in Canada would have constitutional jurisdiction to enact them.
Trusts in the Construction Industry
Authors: Ettinger L. P.
Published: January 2019

The author examines the recommendations of the Joint Government/Industry Task Force on Builders' Liens, with particular emphasis on the use of a trust obligation to ensure payment. The article also deals with how this trust condition would operate.
Stipendiary Magistrates and Supreme Court of the North-West Territories, 1876-1907
Authors: Bowker W. F.
Published: January 2019

The author discusses the office and role of the early Stipendiary Magistrates in the North- West Territories and their effect on establishing judicial institutions.
The Right to Silence in the Presence of Anton Piller: A Question of Self Incrimination
Authors: McInnes Mitchell P.
Published: January 2019

The author discusses recent cases concerning judicial review of private arbitration awards for errors of law. The author discusses in particular the patent unreasonability test and final and binding clauses.
Constructive Murder and the Charter: In Search of Principle
Authors: Grant Isabel , MacKay A. Wayne
Published: January 2019

This article explores the principle of "constructive" murder and how it interacts with the sentencing and the parties sections of the Criminal Code. The authors re-examine these issues in light of the Charter. They conclude that constructive murder has no place in a post-Charter Canada.
Mortgage Renewals in Alberta
Authors: Mirth E.
Published: January 2019

The subject of mortgage renewals has become important in light of the shorter term mortgages being given today. The author reviews some of the more important decisions in this area and highlights some of the pitfalls that can occur when renewing a mortgage, concentrating mainly with the "peculiarities" of Alberta law.
Environmental Assessment in Alberta
Authors: Elder P. S.
Published: January 2019

Environmental impact assessment, as practiced in Alberta, includes considerable social impact assessment requirements. The author, while favouring a comprehensive assessment and project approval process, argues that the Minister of the Environment Jacks the legal authority to require project proponents to carry out socio-economic impact assessments. According to the author, the Energy Resources Conservation Board's power to require and consider social impact assessment in the approval process is also doubtful. Legislative clarification is desirable.
Privacy and Technology: A Canadian Perspective
Authors: Rankin Murray
Published: January 2019

After introducing the topic, the author proceeds to a discussion in which he considers the definition and value that various commentators have associated with the concept of privacy. He then goes on to examine the issue of privacy, specifically as it relates to computers and computer “data bases”. The final section of the paper reviews and assesses the Canadian legislative response.
Recovery of Interest as Damages
Authors: Thrasher R. J.
Published: January 2019

The recovery of interest as damages is becoming an increasingly important area of the law. This paper provides a detailed and comprehensive review of the law in this area. The author begins by briefly discussing the historical underpinnings of the recovery of interest as damages, and then goes on to examine the various instances in which interest as damages may be recoverable.
Interest Obligations in Real Estate Transactions - A Researcher's Guide
Authors: Irwin H. J. Lyndon
Published: January 2019

As in other areas of the law which are sensitive to economic change, the jurisprudence relating to the exaction of interest under land mortgages and agreements for the pur chase and sale of land has undergone significant refinement in recent years. This paper seeks to provide a brief summary of the present law, and to identify some of the unresolved issues. No attempt has been made to analyze the authorities critically. Primarily it is hoped that the compilation of cases will provide a useful reference source for further research