bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urban Planning in the Greek Motherland: Late Archaic Tegea
Authors: Ødegård Knut
Published: May 2018

Greek urban planning in the Archaic period has essentially been a history of colonial foundations, mainly in Magna Graecia and Sicily. The Greek homeland has often been considered as a place where early cities developed by chance and without any regular layout before the Hippodamean revolution in the early Classical period. The newly discovered urban plan of Late Archaic Tegea in Arkadia challenges this view, showing that the art of urban planning was as well developed in Greece as in the colonies. This new evidence puts the Greek urban development in a new light and explains how the Classical achievements in urban planning were rooted in a tradition in the Greek homeland and not only in the colonies.
An Interpretation of the Early Byzantine Martyr Inscriptions in the Mosaics of the Rotunda at Thessaloniki
Authors: Torp Hjalmar
Published: May 2018

The cupola of the Rotunda at Thessaloniki is decorated with mosaics of male martyrs, originally 20 in number. The over life-size portraits are accompanied by inscriptions giving names, occupation or civic status before martyrdom, and the month of celebration. The specific days of commemoration are not given, nor the places where they suffered martyrdom or were buried. The inscriptional brevity is intriguing and presents difficulties with regard to the identification of the individual historical holy men. Neither does it help us understand why these particular 20 saints were selected to appear together in the dome of the church. In this article I offer a reasoned interpretation of who these saints were, when and where they suffered martyrdom and why they were represented in the dome of the Rotunda.
The Word in the Image: an Epiconographic Analysis of Mosaics of the Reform in Rome
Authors: Riccioni Stefano
Published: May 2018

Using a new methodological approach, called epiconography, the present paper examines the most significant monuments produced in Rome during the Gregorian reform: the mosaics of S. Clemente and S. Maria in Trastevere. This approach situates the works in the historical and cultural contexts of their production and attempts to resolve the divide between “visible” and “legible”, figure and text, which has been present for so long in art-historical studies. The two mosaics are exemplars of a practice of “visual composition” that followed the rules of medieval rhetoric in order to emphasize an ecclesiastical message. This strategy was typical during the Gregorian reform since S. Clemente was composed under the direct influence of the initial ideals that gave impetus to this ecclesiastical reform, while S. Maria in Trastevere constitutes the apex of “Gregorian art”, showing the triumph of the Reformed Church. In both mosaics, the scripts guide the viewer by the type of letters used, the placing of texts and images, and their colors, depending on the position of the viewer in the architectural space of the church. Gregorian art demonstrates how traditional models of decoration are reinterpreted to create new schemata, closer to the contemporary message of the Church. Reformers created a visual rhetoric based on the display of closely connected scripts and images, which systematized knowledge for the benefit of the beholder.
Incense in the space between Heaven and Earth – the inscriptions and images on the Gozbert Censer in the cathedral trasury of Trier
Authors: Westermann-Angerhausen Hiltrud
Published: May 2018

The Gozbert Censer in the Cathedral Treasury of Trier, made in Cologne towards the end of the twelfth century, is one of the most conceptually rich medieval works ever cast in bronze. This article offers a close reading of the micro-architecture of the censer and its numerous inscriptions. The miniature building comprises topical elements relative to the representation of the Heavenly Jerusalem, including cosmological allusions. The architecture, built on a cruciform ground plan, is crowded with Old Testament characters and scenes presaging the coming of the Messiah and prefiguring the Eucharist. The chain holder shows Christ sitting on a throne; thus, this functional part of the vessel becomes the ultimate summit of the composition. The censer’s inscriptions in leonine hexameters refer to and interpret the figural representations. They thereby link the different pictorial levels of the complex organism, while creating their own spatial and temporal relationship between the Old and the New Testament, as well as within the miniature architecture, which is in itself a symbolical space. The inscription on the lowest rim of the censer invokes the onlookers' prayers for the eternal life of the donor, Gozbertus, and epitomises the function of the liturgical vessel: incense rising as prayer before the Deity – within the liturgical space of the liturgy, as well as inside the church building.
Rome, the site of reverberating memories
Authors: Brilliant Richard
Published: May 2018

Great cities with long, continuous histories often preserve on site more than the physical evidence for their reputed distinction, however impressive those remnants may be. Less tangible, but no less significant in establishing their reputation, is the reverberating nature of the histories, myths, and popular stories successively associated with site-engendered memories which shape and reshape the perceptions and responses of residents and citizens alike. Rome is such a place, the Roman Forum, among others, is such a site. The complex interaction between a distinguished remembered past and a self-conscious present variously affects civic responsibility to respect that pasta as well as periodic material and imaginative responses to that obligation.
The Art of Memory and Roman Art
Authors: Sande Siri
Published: May 2018

This article takes as its point of departure sculptures in late Antique Constantinople and Rome and their use as possible “memory markers”, which the viewers would associate with specific areas in the cities. The lack of written street names made such “memory markers” an invaluable aid for the citizens to find their way around. The fact that sense impressions, notable visual ones, trigger off memories, was used by the Romans to form an artificial memory system built on the concepts of loci and imagines. This system was the prerogative of the members of the upper classes, forming part of their rhetorical training. It is here argued that such mental construct of art and architecture would have influenced the Romans’ way of regarding art, both new and recycled monuments.
The Arch of Constatine: Continuity and Commemoration through Reuse
Authors: Prusac Marina
Published: May 2018

The messages which can be discerned in the sculpture programme of the Arch of Constantine are here discussed, taking as a point of departure the collective memories of late-antique Rome. The direct involvement of Constantine in the erection of the Arch is sustained through a comparison with other examples of Constantinian public art, architecture, and topography in Rome. Particular focus is directed to the significance of recarved portraiture, and how it could be used to commemorate earlier individuals and periods. The stance taken is that although the Arch was a recycled monument with a new, Constantinian significance, the spolia were carriers of collective memories in a society where remembrance was central. The cultural adaptation of the eye as a source of error is taken into consideration in connection with the discussion of what the ancient viewer actually perceived. The general conclusion is that the Arch of Constantine is a monument which had different messages for different groups. These messages were presented in a montage of the past, present, and future. The interpretation of the details as well as of the totality of the monument dependent partly on the viewer.
Ab Urbe in Franciam: Local topographies and the papal tour in the 12th century Liber pontificalis of Petrus Gulielmus
Authors: Vircillo Franklin Carmela
Published: May 2018

The chronicle known as the Liber Pontificalis was redacted in Rome in the papal entourage. Begun in the middle of the 6th century, it was brought up to date for the next several centuries by several, largely anonymous compilers. Its central concerns were the papacy, and the city over which the bishop of Rome exercised his authority, whose monuments and physical development are charted in great detail. My paper examines a unique version of the Liber pontificalis, redacted in 1142 not in Rome, but in France, by Petrus Gulielmus, the librarian of the Abbey of Saint-Gilles (Nîmes). Using a Roman exemplar, composed in the 1130’s and now lost, Petrus Gulielmus revised the papal chronicle by inserting key episodes of his own abbey’s history within the ancient framework. In some cases, an imagined Rome and the papal court provide the setting in which the affairs of Saint-Gîlles are discussed and decided; in other cases, the abbey and its neighborhood are inserted within the itinerary of papal tours in France, creating a new ecclesiastical geography into which the pope’s person and its ceremonies are transferred from Rome and adapted to the local topographies.My paper explores these layered textual and geographical transformations, as a document of Rome and about the sites of Rome becomes a vehicle for the political and religious interests of a distant place.
Reconsidering the Ancient Algerian Basilica of Chlef and its Mosaics
Authors: Jensen Robin M.
Published: May 2018

An early Christian basilica, discovered in the Algerian city of Al-Asnam and excavated and studied from the mid-nineteenth century until most of its remains were wither covered or lost by the last quarter of the twentieth century, provides some important evidence for the practice of Christianity in Mauretania Caesariensis in the fifth century. Among this evidence is a dedicatory inscription referring to the church’s foundation; a shrine to a local bishop, placed in a counter apse; a mosaic indicating the probable placement and design of the church’s altar; and two additional mosaics that may reflect aspects of the church’s situation within certain theological and political conflicts of the fourth through sixth centuries (i.e., between Donatists and Catholics, between Vandal Arians and Africans Nicenes, and between the Mauri (Berbers) and both Vandals and Romans). This brief essay summarizes and supplements existing publications on this basilica by exploring the connections between the design and décor of the basilica and the theological and ecclesial context of its particular time and place.
Note on a torso in Vicolo dei Catenari in Rome
Authors: Sande Siri
Published: May 2018

This note concerns a fragmentary torso in a courtyard of Vicolo dei Catenari, in an area between Via Arenula and Campo de’ Fiori in Rome. It is here suggested that it belonged to a statue representing a tragic actor, which may have decorated the Theatre of Pompey or the building of the Actors’ Guild, which was situated in the neighborhood.
The "Barbarian Princes" in the Ara Pacis Procession and the origin and development of the so-called "Camillus Coiffure".
Authors: Sande Siri
Published: May 2018

The procession on the Ara Pacis includes two young boys whose identity has been disputed. Their long curly hair and short tunics set them apart from the other participants. Various explanations for their presence have been given, the most popular hypotheses being that they are either barbarian princes living as hostages at the Augustan court, wearing their national costume or that they are Augustus' grandsons Gaius and Lucius Caesar, dressed as participants in the Trojan game. It is here proposed that they are Lucius Caesar and his younger brother Agrippa Postumus, dressed up as sacrificial servants. Their dress and coiffure influenced later representations of sacrificial servants in public and private contexts and determined the development of the so-called Camillus coiffure.
The frescoes of Pope John VII (705-707 A.D.) in S. Maria antica
Authors: Nordhagen Per Jonas
Published: May 2018

This contribution is a supplement to the author's publication of the frescoes of John VII (A.D. 705-707) in the church of S. Maria Antiqua in Tome (1968). For reasons of economy, the inscriptions were included in the book only as tracings. The photographs of the material are here finally published, showing the inscriptions as they appeared sixty years ago, at a time when they were relatively untouched by air pollution
ANALYSIS OF FIRE SERVICES COVERAGE IN SPAIN
Authors: ECHEVERRIA IRIARTE FRANCISCO JAVIER , ABREGO ANDRES , GONZALEZ DE AUDICANA MARIA
Published: April 2018

A study carried out in Spain on the location of fire stations and their territorial coverage points out deficiencies in relation to care within a reasonable time frame. This article analyzes the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to determine the territorial coverage and population served by fire services in a specific response time. This road response time is based on the response from other countries. The study compares the information obtained in an analytical manner from the population and surface area served in Spain by firefighters, with the data obtained through the use of GIS tools, concluding that the population and surface area left unattended is higher than initially estimated. The article describes and analyzes an alternative solution to reinforce the current network of fire stations with fire stations with localised professional staff capable of being deployed in underserved areas, mainly in rural areas.
DESIGN OF A TERRESTRIAL COMMAND CENTER FOR CONTROL OF UAVS USING FMEA TECHNIQUES
Authors: TREJO MEDINA LIDIA ESTHER , CABRERA PEÑA JOSE MARIA , AGUASCA COLOMO RICARDO JOSE , GALVAN  GONZALEZ BLAS
Published: April 2018

Summary: We present the design proposal for a center of remote control for UAVs, based on the improvement of different types of ground stations by analysis of mode effect and mode of failure, FMEA and Ishikawa diagrams.
So, that has been a center of command and control robust and reliable analysis FMEA analysis of the basic functions of control center.
This Control Center, allows to remotely control UAVs in NLOS (Non Line Of Sight) mode as well as the transmission and the reception of data and video from a local earth station that controls the UAV in the LOS (Line Of Sight) mode.

Key words: FMEA, diagrams of Ishikawa, ground stations, command and control center, UAV, UAS
LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA) METHOLOGY OF AIR/AIR HEAT PUMP APLICATED TO A TERTIARY BUILDING AS A CONTRIBUTION TO RENEWABLE ENERGY
Authors: LOZANO MIRALLES JOSE ADOLFO , PALOMAR CARNICERO JOSÉ MANUEL , LOPEZ GARCIA RAFAEL , REY MARTINEZ FRANCISCO JAVIER
Published: April 2018

Industry and construction are responsible of the most important environmental impact generated by the man in their activities, being environmentally the most devastating activities. According to many current researches, it has been proved that between 60% and 65% of atmosphere emissions are caused by processes developed in the life cycle of industry and buildings. The use of materials industrially processed, the international origin of these ones, the high consumption of energy demanded by buildings during their phase of use and an inadequate treatment of waste in a final stage, connect straightly the development of countries and their environmental impact.

Many different strategies, i.e. a reduction of energy consumption, a decrease of energy demand with passive design in buildings, a progressive rise of renewable energy and the use of sustainable materials among others, have been started to relieve these problems.

One of the most important phases to reduce the enviromental impact is the choice of materials. That is why, it is essential to have the environmental information of the LCA at the stage of elaboration of the projects.
In this research, I will develop a "Life Cycle Assessment". This "Life Cycle Assessment" will let us determine which impacts will take place in a heat pump system and which ones will be the most important with the main aim of reducing impacts after a deep analysis of results.
SMART ZERO CARBON CITY READINESS LEVEL: INDICATORS SYSTEM FOR CITY DIAGNOSIS TOWARDS DECARBONISATION AND ITS APLICATION IN THE BASQUE COUNTRY
Authors: URRUTIA AZCONA KOLDO , FONTAN  AGORRETA LUIS , DIEZ TRINIDAD FRANCISCO JAVIER , RODRIGUEZ PEREZ-CURIEL FRANCISCO , VICENTE GOMEZ JULIA
Published: April 2018

Nowadays urban environments concentrate more than half the world’s population, reaching up to 70% on 2050 according to forecasts. This concentration implies that most of future challenges will take place in cities as well as the opportunities coming from their potential solutions.
Current technological innovation can provide support in facing one of main challenges society is facing: reducing carbon footprint from our cities. This ambitious transition, steered by the Smart Zero Carbon City (SZCC) concept, needs a flexible characterisation method, which can be adapted to different kinds of cities to evaluate the main features of each city, hence proposing and prioritising most suitable interventions.
The aim of this study is focused on the characterisation of cities according to the SZCC concept through a set of indicators: the Smart Zero Carbon City Readiness Level (SZCC Readiness Level), able to analyse key aspects of cities according to SZCC concept (Characteristics of the city; City plans and strategies; Energy; Mobility; Infrastructures and ICT services; Citizen Engagement).
This characterisation enlightens the development of SZCC concept in the city, identifying its strengths and weaknesses in order to ease the alternatives’ selection towards decarbonisation, being handy at a time for those small and medium-sized municipalities, so common in the European context, which usually hold less resources than big capitals to implement decision-making support diagnoses.
In order to validate this set of indicators, SZCC Readiness Level has been implemented in 5 Basque cities, which represent different urban typologies, analysing its current situation regarding SZCC concept.

Keywords: Smart Zero Carbon City Readiness Level, Smart Zero Carbon Cities, Decarbonisation, City diagnosis, Indicators.
MENTORING IN PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS: A TOOL FOR CAREER DEVELOPMENT
Authors: GISBERT TREJO NURIA , AZPIAZU CANIVELL LUCIANO MARIA , LANDETA RODRIGUEZ JON , ALBIZU GALLESTEGI ENEKA , FERNANDEZ FERRIN PILAR
Published: April 2018

Traditional mentoring that takes places between a mentor and a mentee who belong to the same organization has been professionally studied during the last four decades. In engineering discipline, mentoring has been used within companies in an intuitive and not very systematic way, mainly for knowledge management, transfer and also in order to develop key competences. In that sense, professional associations can play a fundamental role in the systematization of mentoring programs that help the integral development of engineers.

The changing organizational environment determines that professionals must develop in wider facets and in a very rapid way. In response to the precedent need, new forms of alternative mentoring have arisen and represent an opportunity for engineers. That is why their implementation through professional associations should be studied, as other disciplines do already. This contribution presents the principal mentoring modalities that have been applied in the professional sphere and proposes the key elements for the implementation of inter-organizational mentoring systems through engineering professional associations as an additional way of providing added value to their collegiate members. The conclusions of this work show singular advantages for this type of alternative mentoring, that can be explained because of the need of the mentee to learn beyond his / her organization and because the nature of the relationship transcends to the organization itself. Likewise, a series of steps are proposed in order to follow the exploration of this alternative mentoring phenomena.
COMMUNICATION OBLIGATIONS FOR SPANISH ENTERPRISES RECEIVING STATE R+D+I FUNDS
Authors: VILAPLANA APARICIO MARIA J. , MARTIN LLAGUNO MARTA , IGLESIAS  GARCIA MAR
Published: April 2018

Diffusion is a key element for innovation. Under this premise, private enterprises benefiting from state aid for Research, Development and Technological Innovation (R&D&I) should carry out communication activities. The objective of this work is to analyze the communicative obligations in the state funds (direct and indirect). From the compilation of all the calls published in the year 2015, we identify the following: the information requirements to be disseminated, the mechanisms for non-compliance, and the distribution of tasks between companies and funding agencies. The results indicate that the demands in terms of communication vary in direct and indirect funds, in the latter nonexistent. The requirements in the calls for direct grants of R&D&I are very general and are not unified. In order to comply with the transparency and communication objectives set in the European Union, communication actions should be intensified and aspects such as the amount of the grant or the type of project should be taken into account. The agencies that manage the subsidies should increase the level of demand, promote data sharing and develop a more active role in disseminating results.

Keywords: diffusion of innovation, communication, data sharing, innovation, R&D&I, public funds.
VARNISH DELAMINATION IN TINPLATE CUTTING AND DRAWING OPERATIONS: MINIMIZATION THROUGH APPLICATION OF FRACTIONATED EXPERIMENT DESIGN
Authors: ALVAREZ ANTOLIN JOSE FLORENTINO , FRANCOS GARROTE LAURA , MARTINEZ  FERNANDEZ RAMON , ASENSIO LOZANO JUAN
Published: April 2018

The aim of this work is to avoid varnish delamination during cutting and drawing operations, which are carried out in the manufacturing process of tinplate lids for cans intended for food storage. Delamination, which occurs in the periphery of tin discs during the cutting operation, generates a varnish “thread” that can be thicker than 200 ?m and may adhere to the cutting tool, compromising product quality and productivity. As a consequence, lengthy production downtimes for tool cleaning operations are required.
By means of optical or electronical microscopy it is possible to determine the amount of varnish adhered to the tool, as it is directly related to the depth of the delamination layer.
The experimental methodology followed a fractioned Design of Experiments with 8 factors, 2 levels and resolution IV. The research was carried out in an industrial scale and studied parameters were those inherent to the manufacturing process.
It is concluded that the depth of the delamination layer is uneven and manifests two different behaviours depending on the direction: one in the direction of the fabrication line and other in the opposite direction. The factor with greater influence over the depth of the delamination layer is the stamping pressure. If the stamping pressure decreases, the thickness of the detached varnish thread also decreases. Tin plate thickness resulted to be another important process variable, being smaller thicknesses beneficial.
A thicker varnish layer (amount of varnish applied) and a specific curing treatment are possible solutions to counter the deleterious effects of high stamping pressure and thicker tinplates respectively.

Keywords: Varnish Delamination, Tinplate, Cutting, Drawing, Design of Experiments
SELECTION OF THE FASTER POCKETING STRATEGIES FOR REDUCTION OF MACHINING TIME IN MANUFACTURING OF CAR WHEELS-RIMS
Authors: ROMERO CARRILLO PABLO EDUARDO , RODRIGUEZ ALABANDA OSCAR , GUERRERO VACAS GUILLERMO , DORADO VICENTE RUBEN
Published: April 2018

Pocketing is one of the milling operations most used in the aeronautical and automotive sector. They are employed in the roughing during the manufacture of complex geometries, for dies cavities and moulds, as well as for the machining of pockets of simple geometry. In literature, there are many works focused on the generation of new strategies that allow machining complex geometries by reducing the cutting forces generated or obtaining a best surface quality. However, there are hardly any work focused on the study of the milling of pockets with simple, but with great industrial interest geometries. In this case, by its presence in many components of products manufactured in mass causes, the most important parameter to control is the machining time.
In the present work, we studied what strategy is the most efficient in the pocketing of an aluminum car wheel. The strategies employed have been: direction-parallel (one-way, zig-zag), parallel to the contour (contour-parallel, cleaning the corners, constant) and the spirals (real spiral, morph spiral). It has been used a simple design of a wheel, formed by four simple geometries: large circular, small circular, triangular and rectangular.
The results show that the family of parallel strategies to the contour are the fastest, even in the machining of circular pockets, where apparently the spiral strategies could have some advantage. In three of the geometries studied (large circular, small circular and triangular) the winning strategy has been the contour-parallel. However, the global faster strategy is the constant. Besides, in non-passant pockets (small circular ones, in this case), it is interesting to choose this strategy since it guarantees the removal of excess material in the corners and changes of direction of the tool.

Keywords: tool path; pocketing strategy; optimizing; machining time; automobile parts
ROTOR’S CAPACITY OF A FES (FLYWHEEL ENERGY STORAGE) SYSTEM FOR DIFFERENT MATERIALS USING ANALYTICAL STRESS CALCULATION
Authors: CORRAL  ABAD EDUARDO , GOMEZ  GARCIA MARIA JESUS , SPALLA VALENCIANO IGNACIO , GARCIA  PRADA JUAN CARLOS
Published: April 2018

Nowadays, the energy storage is a fundamental aspect and there exists so many ways to do it. One of these ways, is the energy storage associated to rotational kinetic energy, better known like Flywheel Energy Storage (FES). FES is a complex system formed by different subsystems, and the most important of these subsystems is the rotor because it´s the element that enabled performs the function of storing energy. Rotor’s can be classified into two types: the rotors made with metal and the rotors made with composites. This article exposes a comparison between different settings of rotors to demonstrate the advantage of the use of composites comparing with the use of metals, especially in terms of energy density.

Key Words: Rotor; Flywheel Energy Storage; Stress; Composites
LOW MELT VISCOSITY NOVEL BLEND BASED ON POLYPROPYLENE OBTAINED BY THE ADDITION OF CYCLICBUTYLENETEREPHTHALATE
Authors: ASTIGARRAGA RUIZ DE VELASCO VICTORIA , GONDRA ZUBIETA KOLDO , VALEA PEREZ ANGEL
Published: April 2018

In this work, polymeric blends based on polypropylene (PP) combined with cyclic butylene terephthalate (CBT) and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP-g-AM) have been prepared and studied for applications in thermoplastic composites and as multimaterial composites for automotive industry. The principal aim has been to reduce the melt viscosity of thermoplastic matrixes to values similar to thermosetting ones in order to be able to use more economic equipment for the thermoplastic composites development.. For that purpose, different polymeric blends of CBT/PP have been prepared, and the effect of the addition of a PP-g-AM compatibilizer in the fibrillar morphology and in the rheological behavior of the compounds has been analyzed. For compatibilized blends, apart from a substantial reduction of the size of CBT, a thixotropic behavior has been observed, with a marked reduction of the viscosity at the beginning of the shear test followed by a slight restoration at the conclusion of the shear stress. Stationary values as low as 20000 mPa.s have been registered which corresponds with a reduction greater than 90% from PP viscosity.

Keywords: Polymer blending, thermoplastic composites, compatibilizer , fibrillar morphology, viscosity, thixotropic.
USE OF TTT AND CCT PHASE TRANSFORMATION DIAGRAMS FOR MANUFACTURING ROUTE DESIGN OF ADVANCED HIGH STRENGTH STEELS
Authors: PACHECO CEDEÑO JOSE SERGIO , CRUZ RIVERA JOSE DE JESUS , GUTIERREZ CASTAÑEDA EMMANUEL JOSE , GARNICA GONZALEZ PEDRO
Published: April 2018

Advanced High Strength Steels (AHSS) have been developed to meet the demands of the automotive industry, which are focused on making the use of fuel more efficient, with a special interest in reducing the weight of vehicles but without sacrificing the safety of passengers. Microstructural control is the key in the development of these steels, making it possible to obtain different degrees of resistance but with the same chemical composition. In the present work, TTT and CCT diagrams were used as a potential tool for designing an appropriate thermal treatment for the manufacture of two AHSS steels. The CCT and TTT diagrams were simulated using the JMat-Pro? software version 8.0. The critical temperatures of transformation A1 and A3, were determined experimentally by dilatometry. The steel was heat treated following two routes. In the first route a two-phase microstructure consisting on ferrite+martensite was generated, which is typical of dual phase steels (DP). The second was designed to obtain a multiphase microstructure consisting on ferrite+retained austenite+bainite+martensite, which is typical of transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steels. The strength of the two types of steels was evaluated by uniaxial tensile tests, obtaining average values of ultimate tensile strength and % elongation of 1067 MPa and 7.51 % for DP steel and 890 MPa and 30.75 % for TRIP steel, respectively. These values are in accordance with those expected for this type of steels. The results show that CCT and TTT diagrams can be used to determine optimal processing conditions for the development of AHSS steels, by which time and processing costs can be reduced.

KEYWORDS: TRIP steels, simulation, advanced high strength steels, double phase steel, multiphase steel.
MENTAL MODELS ASSOCIATED TO VOICE USER INTERFACES FOR INFOTAINMENT SYSTEMS
Authors: LUNA GARCIA HUIZILOPOZTLI , MENDOZA GONZALEZ RICARDO , GAMBOA ROSALES HAMURABI , CELAYA  PADILLA JOSE , GALVAN TEJADA CARLOS , LOPEZ MONTEAGUDO F.E. , COLLAZOS CESAR A. , MENDOZA GONZALEZ ALFREDO
Published: April 2018

Philosopher Kenneth Craik explained that mental models are internal representations that people build about the world around them, including their activities, and being influenced by their cultural practices. In this vein, people structure their communications using mental models, which should be reflected in user interfaces to encourage adequate human-machine interfaces (HMI).
QUANTUM COMPUTING: SIX KEY FACTORS TO UNDERSTAND THE FUTURE OF COMPUTATION
Authors: VILLAR RODRIGUEZ ESTHER , OSABA ICEDO ENEKO , DEL SER LORENTE JAVIER
Published: April 2018

The future of computing has been seen since its inception with the focus on the two objectives: more data and less energy. Continued advances in computer technology have allowed, since the 1960s, a steady and dizzying reduction in the size of transistors, which has translated into a faster process speed at exponentially higher levels of efficiency.
SUSTAINABILITY IS CHANGING THE WAY THAT WE INNOVATE IN THE ENERGY SECTOR, THROUGH ENERGY SERVICE COMPANIES (ESCO)
Authors: MORCILLO BELLIDO JESUS , PRIDA ROMERO BERNARDO
Published: April 2018

In order to survive in a global competitive environment such as the current one, companies must monitor and control their economic development, but at the same time they must take into account all the stakeholders (social partners) in their decisions.
SMART METERS: POTENTIAL SAVINGS FOR CONSUMERS
Authors: ARCOS VARGAS ANGEL , LUNA ROMERA JOSE MARIA , GARCIA GUTIERREZ JORGE , RIQUELME  SANTOS JOSE CARLOS
Published: April 2018

The introduction of smart electric meters provides a huge amount of information that, in addition to the power companies, can be used by users to reduce their bills. Analyzes made so far focus on the case of an electrical company or, at most, the impact of the treatment of this information on the national economy. The present work develops an original method for the calculation of the cost-benefit analysis orientated to the end user.
They are presented as potential sources of savings choosing hourly rate discrimination and contracted power. It has been applied to a sample of more than one thousand users, obtaining average savings around € 100 per year, with no need to change consumer habits.

Keywords: Big data, Electric tariff, Saving, Cost-Benefit Analysis, New technologies, Smart meters
Comparative digestive physiology of archosaurs with notes on bird origins
Authors: Bajdek Piotr
Published: April 2018

It is widely accepted that birds evolved from theropod dinosaurs, and few paleontologists disagree preferring a more ancient split of the avian and dinosaur lineages. The difference in digestive physiology between members of the theropod and crocodile lineages, documented by fossil feces and gut contents, offers an opportunity to test these phylogenetic hypotheses. Birds share with crocodiles the functional gizzard that contains swallowed stones and where gastric pellets are formed before regurgitation, as well as a mechanism that prevents the passage of indigestible residues into the intestine. Both these adaptations are missing in unquestionable theropod groups (compsognathids, tyrannosaurids, allosaurids, coelophysids). The theropod ancestry of birds implies reappearance and strong development of a specific stomach functionality that either had been already lost in the theropod dinosaurs or was never present in their lineage. Coprolites of early archosaurs contain undigested bones, which suggests a short digestion time and higher metabolic rates than in extant crocodiles. Early archosaurs were similar to birds, but not to dinosaurs, in all these aspects of physiology.
Boosting ATM activity alleviates aging and extends lifespan in a mouse model of progeria
Authors: Qian Minxian , Liu Zuojun , Peng Linyuan , Tang Xiaolong , Meng Fanbiao , Ao Ying , Zhou Mingyan , Wang Ming , Cao Xinyue , Qin Baoming , Wang Zimei , Zhou Zhongjun , Wang Guangming , Gao Zhengliang , Xu Jun , Liu Baohua
Published: May 2018

DNA damage accumulates with age (Lombard et al., 2005). However, whether and how robust DNA repair machinery promotes longevity is elusive. Here, we demonstrate that ATM-centered DNA damage response (DDR) progressively declines with senescence and age, while low dose of chloroquine (CQ) activates ATM, promotes DNA damage clearance, rescues age-related metabolic shift, and prolongs replicative lifespan. Molecularly, ATM phosphorylates SIRT6 deacetylase and thus prevents MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Extra copies of Sirt6 extend lifespan in Atm-/- mice, with restored metabolic homeostasis. Moreover, the treatment with CQ remarkably extends lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, but not the ATM-1 mutants. In a progeria mouse model with low DNA repair capacity, long-term administration of CQ ameliorates premature aging features and extends lifespan. Thus, our data highlights a pro-longevity role of ATM, for the first time establishing direct causal links between robust DNA repair machinery and longevity, and providing therapeutic strategy for progeria and age-related metabolic diseases.
Proximity‐dependent biotinylation reveals an interaction between ubiquitin‐specific peptidase 46 and centrosome‐related proteins
Authors: Yoshioka Kazuma , Nakagawa Reiko , Nguyen Chi Lieu Kim , Suzuki Hayate , Ishigaki Kiyohiro , Mizuno Seiya , Okiyoneda Tsukasa , Ebihara Shizufumi , Murata Kazuya
Published: November 2024

Protein ubiquitination extensively modulates protein functions and controls various biological processes, such as protein degradation, signal transduction, transcription, and DNA repair. Ubiquitination is a reversible post‐translational modification, and deubiquitinating enzymes cleave ubiquitin from proteins. Ubiquitin‐specific peptidase 46 (USP46), a deubiquitinase, is highly expressed in the brain and regulates neural functions. Deleting lysine 92 (ΔK92) in USP46 reduces murine depression‐like behavior in the tail suspension test. However, the molecular basis for USP46's role in regulating neural function has not yet been fully understood. Here we employed a proximity‐dependent biotinylation approach to characterize the USP46 protein interaction partners. Using homology‐independent targeted integration (HITI), a genome editing technique, we established knockin cell lines that stably express USP46 wildtype‐ or ΔK92‐biotin ligase fusion protein. We identified 286 candidate interaction partners, including well‐known binding partners of USP46. Although there were no obvious differences in the interactome of USP46 between wildtype and ΔK92, a gene ontology analysis revealed that centrosome‐related proteins were significantly enriched in the proximal proteins of USP46. Several centrosome‐related proteins were bound to USP46 in Neuro2a cells, but their protein expression levels were not affected in the brains of USP46‐deficient mice. These results uncover a potential relationship between USP46 and centrosome regulation independently of protein stabilization.
Between Utopia and Hallucination: The Holistic Space in Speculative Drawing Practices
Authors: Chelushkin Kirill
Published: November 2024

The surface of an architectural drawing can be a cauldron of creativity, a place where even gravity and friction might not exist. Russian‐born and based in Paris, architecturally trained artist Kirill Chelushkin creates astounding, often large‐scale works that explore the ontology of drawing. Here he describes the inspirations for his machine‐related architectural representations, including Russian Constructivism and historical, battered and burnt blueprint drawings of the rapidly disappearing machines of the Soviet industrial complex.
The Machinic Garden of Forking Paths: Time, Tempo and Tango
Authors: Martin Bea
Published: November 2024

Argentinian architect Adolfo Luis Moure Strangis has a passion for designing machine‐like, labyrinthine spatial constructions. His work can be seen as architecturally analogous to Argentinian author Jorge Luis Borges's famed literary experiments. Architect and academic Bea Martin uses some of Borges's iconic texts to interrogate Moure Strangis's architectural and narrative intentions – bringing layers of meaning, time and multiple pathways to the featured works. Throughout it all, the spectre of the machine is always present.
Machine Aesthetics: Material Indices of Post‐Digital Architecture
Authors: White Caleb
Published: November 2024

Virtual technologies, such as AI and parametric protocols, can mash‐up infinite architectural forms in infinite configurations. Perhaps it is beneficial for students to concentrate on the real world for a while. Architectural educator Caleb White teaches at the Weitzman School of Design at the University of Pennsylvania and the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute School of Architecture, where he guides students to examine machines, their vectors, geometries and components, as a means to re‐engage the physicality of reality. Here, he explains his architectural agenda and shows some of the fruits of his students’ labours.
The First Allegory and the Last Word
Authors: Jones Wes
Published: November 2024

Right from the beginning of the history of architecture, humanity's search for enclosure has always, in some respect, been in thrall to various guises of technology and the machine. Los Angeles architect Wes Jones has always been fascinated with technological forms, articulations and the philosophy of the machine. In a wide‐ranging article, he describes some of the key ideas that have influenced him and his work over the years, illustrated with some of the work from his two practices.
Rapid and Green Production of Mo2C Nanoparticles with High Photo‐Thermalization via Single‐Step Femtosecond‐Laser Irradiation
Authors: Ullah Farman , Karimi Reza , Sanderson Joseph , Musselman Kevin P.
Published: November 2024

Photothermal cancer therapy demands nanomaterials with specific traits, including selective absorption of biotransparent near‐infrared (NIR) light, efficient light‐to‐heat conversion, biocompatibility, dispersibility, and prolonged temporal stability. These desirable properties are achieved by synthesizing Mo2C nanoparticles via an environmentally friendly femtosecond‐laser ablation method. Mo2C flakes are dispersed in water and treated with different laser powers for different durations. This process produces Mo2C nanoparticles in a single step in 10 min with water as the only additional material, forming stable colloidal solutions with no contaminants or hazardous waste. Structural and compositional characterization indicates laser‐induced amorphization of the nanoparticles, including gradual oxidation that enhances NIR light absorption. Notably, the Mo2C nanoparticle solution prepared using a 1.6‐W laser power in 10 min demonstrates photothermal conversion efficiencies exceeding 45% and 50% and temperature increases of 21 and 22 °C when illuminated with biotransparent 800 and 1064 nm NIR light, respectively. Furthermore, the solution exhibits exceptionally stable photothermal behavior over 6 months. These Mo2C nanoparticles, prepared by a rapid and clean laser manufacturing method, hold great promise for advancing photothermal therapy to combat cancer noninvasively.
Enhancement in the Electrical Properties and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Performance of Acrylonitrile–Butadiene–Styrene/Carbon Nanotubes Foams via the Introduction of Bimodal Cell Structures
Authors: He Xin , Zhang Meng , Hu Jing , Wen Bianying , Wang Xiangdong , Zhou Hongfu
Published: November 2024

The cell structures of conductive polymer‐based composite foams significantly influence their electrical properties and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE), necessitating a thorough understanding of how these properties improve with evolving cell structures. In this study, supercritical CO2 foaming technique was manipulated to fabricate acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS)/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) foams. The constant‐temperature mode was used to prepare unimodal foams (UF), while the bimodal foams (BF) were produced by varying‐temperature mode. The foaming properties, electrical conductivity, complex permittivity, and EMI SE of ABS/CNTs foams with various cell structures are methodically investigated at identical volume expansion ratio and CNTs content. The electrical conductivity of bimodal ABS/CNTs foam with CNTs content of 20% (BF‐C20) is 0.2191 S cm−1, higher than that of unimodal ABS/CNTs foam with CNTs content of 20% (UF‐C20) (0.1765 S cm−1) owing to the introduction of bimodal cell structures. Complex permittivity results manifest that at 8.2 GHz, the ε′ and ε″ of BF‐C20 are 67.7 and 74.5, respectively, which are higher than 57.9 and 52.9 of UF‐C20. Among all ABS/CNTs foams, the total EMI SE of BF‐C20 attains the highest EMI shielding value, which reaches 30.2 dB. Furthermore, the absolute shielding effectiveness of BF‐C20 is 188.5 dB (g cm−2)−1, which is 17.3% higher than that of UF‐C20.
Enhanced Optical Properties of Green‐Emitting InP Quantum Dots with Matched Junctions of the Core and Mn‐Doped Novel Shells
Authors: Okamoto Akihito , Toda Shintaro , Tsujihata Takumi , Kamada Takaki , Huang Maowei , Hashimoto Yusuke , Isojima Seiichi , Kajii Hirotake , Seino Satoshi , Kurashiki Tetsusei
Published: November 2024

Indium phosphide (InP) quantum dots (QDs) offer a promising alternative to (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) restricted cadmium‐based QDs, however, their performance is limited by surface defects and weak quantum confinement. This study introduces a novel approach to enhance the optical properties of InP QDs through manganese (Mn) doping into the zinc selenide and zinc sulfide shell. This aims to expand the bandgap of the shells and adjust its lattice constant to better match the InP core. A comprehensive investigation of the effect of Mn‐doping concentration reveals that optimal properties are developed at a 10% feed ratio, resulting in improved crystallinity, reduced interfacial defects, and enhanced quantum confinement. X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy confirm the structural improvements and spectroscopic analyses demonstrate remarkable enhancement of optical properties. Notably, the photoluminescence quantum yield reaches 83% in the green emission region (λ ≈535 nm), a significant improvement over undoped QDs. Time‐resolved photoluminescence measurements indicate extended carrier lifetimes, supporting the effect of defect reduction. This strategy not only addresses the long‐standing challenges of InP QDs but also opens new avenues for designing high‐performance, environmentally friendly nanomaterials for various optoelectronic applications, including displays, lighting, and photovoltaics.
Carboxylate‐Directed Oxidative Annulation via C(Alkenyl)−H Activation/Double Alkyne Insertion/1,4‐Pd Migration: Synthesis of Functionalized Naphthalenes
Authors: Fu Cheng‐Hao , Ajitha Manjaly J. , Kadiyala Veerabhushanam , Wang Yu‐Chun , Hsu Tzu‐Yu , Sung I‐Hsuan , Huang Kuo‐Wei , Chou Chih‐Ming
Published: November 2024

A palladium‐catalyzed double consecutive C(alkenyl)−H activation/alkyne insertion method utilizing a free carboxylic acid as a directing group in the preparation of functionalized naphthalenes is reported. The reaction mechanism involves a sequence of the C (alkenyl)−H activation/alkyne insertion/1,4‐palladium migration/reductive elimination steps. The second alkyne insertion occurred at the phenyl ring of the intermediate generated from the first alkyne insertion via 1,4‐palladium migration, which is an uncommon case in typical C−H activation/alkyne insertion chemistry, providing functionalized naphthalene products. Additionally, the kinetic studies and control experiments as well as density functional theory (DFT) studies are also investigated to elucidate the reaction mechanism.
Massively Parallel Screening of Toll/Interleukin‐1 Receptor (TIR)‐Derived Peptides Reveals Multiple Toll‐Like Receptors (TLRs)‐Targeting Immunomodulatory Peptides
Authors: Lim Yun , Kang Tae Kyeom , Kim Meong Il , Kim Dohyeon , Kim Ji Yul , Jung Sang Hoon , Park Keunwan , Lee Wook‐Bin , Seo Moon‐Hyeong
Published: November 2024

Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are critical regulators of the immune system, and altered TLR responses lead to a variety of inflammatory diseases. Interference of intracellular TLR signaling, which is mediated by multiple Toll/interleukin‐1 receptor (TIR) domains on all TLRs and TLR adapters, is an effective therapeutic strategy against immune dysregulation. Peptides that inhibit TIR‐TIR interactions by fragmenting interface residues have potential as therapeutic decoys. However, a systematic method for discovering TIR‐targeting moieties has been elusive, limiting exploration of the vast, unsequenced space of the TIR domain family. A comprehensive parallel screening method is developed to uncover novel TIR‐binding peptides derived from previously unexplored surfaces on a wide range of TIR domains. A large peptide library is constructed, named TIR surfacesome, by tiling surface sequences of the large TIR domain family and screening against MALTIR and MyD88TIR, TIRs of two major TLR adaptor proteins, resulting in the discovery of hundreds of TIR‐binding peptides. The selected peptides inhibited TLR signaling and demonstrated anti‐inflammatory effects in macrophages, and therapeutic potential in mouse inflammatory models. This approach may facilitate the development of TLR‐targeted therapeutics.