bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interruption of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in Staphylococcus aureus leads to increased tolerance to innate immunity
Authors: Hobbs Alexis M. ,   Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Kearney, 2401 11th Ave, Kearney, NE 68849, USA, Kluthe Kennedy E. , Carlson Kimberly A. , Nuxoll Austin S.
Published: December 2021

Staphylococcus aureus is widely known for its resistance and virulence causing public health concerns. However, antibiotic tolerance is also a contributor to chronic and relapsing infections. Previously, it has been demonstrated that persister formation is dependent on reduced tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity. Persisters have been extensively examined in terms of antibiotic tolerance but tolerance to antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) remains largely unexplored. AMPs are a key component of both the human and Drosophila innate immune response. TCA cycle mutants were tested to determine both antibiotic and AMP tolerance. Challenging with multiple classes of antibiotics led to increased persister formation (100- to 1,000-fold). Similarly, TCA mutants exhibited AMP tolerance with a 100- to 1,000-fold increase in persister formation when challenged with LL-37 or human β-defensin 3 (hβD3). The ability of TCA cycle mutants to tolerate the innate immune system was further examined with a D. melanogaster model. Both males and females infected with TCA cycle mutants exhibited increased mortality and had higher bacterial burdens (1.5 log) during the course of the infection. These results suggest increasing the percentage of persister cells leads to increased tolerance to components of the innate immune system.
Poblamiento y asentamientos rurales andalusíes: análisis del paisaje y caracterización territorial de un valle del ʿamal Šaqūra (siglos VIII-XII)
Authors: Quesada-García Santiago
Published: December 2021

En el valle de los ríos Trujala, Hornos y Guadalimar en la Sierra de Segura, al noreste de la provincia de Jaén, se conserva un articulado sistema de estructuras medievales que configuran un paisaje. Para orientarse en él, hace falta un mapa que represente con precisión los elementos que intervienen en su conformación. El objetivo de este trabajo es revelar esos puntos y trazar una cartografía que sirva para comprender e interpretar el palimpsesto del paisaje. Con ese fin se realiza una prospección intensiva del territorio que documente los vestigios existentes, elaborando posteriormente un modelo de evaluación basado en Sistemas de Información Geográfica. Este proceso permite cuantificar variables, obtener datos estadísticamente relevantes y clasificar la información obtenida en los lugares donde se conserva alguna preexistencia medieval. Los resultados suministran parámetros útiles en la lectura analítica del paisaje, aportan conocimiento cuantitativo sobre factores que intervienen en los emplazamientos y permiten la determinación de sus patrones de asentamiento. También revelan el modo de ocupación en un territorio perteneciente alʿamal Šaqūra como reflejo de la organización campesina en el mundo rural y el rol antropizador que han tenido en la configuración del paisaje los poblamientos asociados a unas estructuras construidas en tapia durante el siglo XII.
La dramaturgie sans action : Maeterlinck, Beckett, Lagarce
Authors: Dufiet Jean-Paul
Published: December 2021

Les dramaturges dont les pièces, en rupture avec le modèle aristotélicien, sont sans action dramatique appartiennent à une généalogie désormais longue et fournie. Dans cet article, nous analysons J’étais dans ma maison et j’attendais que la pluie vienne de J.-L. Lagarce (1994) à la lumière de deux œuvres majeures qui lui ont ouvert la voie : Pelléas et Mélisande de M. Maeterlinck (1892) et En attendant Godot de S. Beckett (1952). Nous examinerons comment le texte prend forme sans aucun conflit structurant ; nous regarderons quelles sont les conséquences de l’absence d’action sur le dialogue et la parole, et comment, au bout du compte, ces pièces, en particulier celle de J.-L. Lagarce, s’inscrivent dans une théâtralité spécifique.The playwrights whose plays, breaking with the Aristotelian model, are without dramatic action belong to a long and rich genealogy. This article analyses J.-L. Lagarce's (1994) J'étais dans ma maison et j'attendais que la pluie vienne in the light of two major works that paved the way for him: M. Maeterlinck's (1892) Pelléas et Mélisande and S. Beckett's (1952) En attendant Godot. We will examine how the text takes shape without any structuring conflict; we will look at the consequences of the absence of action on dialogue and speech, and how these plays, in particular that of J.-L. Lagarce, are part of a specific theatricality.
Perplexes devant Perplexe
Authors: Laplénie Jean-François
Published: December 2021

Après une décennie de pièces réputées sombres, M. von Mayenburg (2010) confirme avec Perplexe une transition vers la satire sociale. La pièce se compose d’un enchaînement fluide de situations dans lesquelles les mêmes quatre personnages sont appelés à occuper des positions différentes. Dans ces glissements insensibles et virtuoses, le réalisme psychologique ne joue pas le rôle de donner vraisemblance aux caractères, qui demeurent relationnels et sans profondeur, mais de tuiler ensemble les différentes situations de couple pour laisser affleurer les effets de domination sociale et rendre sensible, jusque dans l’effondrement final des conventions théâtrales, la fragilité des identités.
Voice and Accountability
Authors: Eshiet Idongesit
Published: December 2021

The article assesses the importance of citizen engagement in engendering good governance in the health sector. However, citizens need an effective ‘voice' in order to be heard. Thus, the article argues for the need to utilise existing civic organizations like the rural women's associations as platforms of civic engagements. Using Akwa Ibom state as a study location, the article investigated the role of rural women's associations in citizen engagement in the primary health sector. Findings reveal that although rural women's associations are engaged in diverse socio-economic and political activities, they however do not engage in socially accountable activities. Nevertheless, findings further reveal that associations have the potentials of becoming platforms for social accountability if harnessed by development partners. The argument of the study is anchored on the participatory development approach which argues about the need for beneficiaries of development to become active participants in the development process.
Creating the Citizen
Authors: Masyada Steve , Washington Elizabeth Yeager
Published: December 2021

This chapter presents an approach to civic education that integrates critical literacy with the research-based promising practices of civic education and the College, Career, and Civic Life (C3) Framework for Social Studies Standards. The authors present a definition of critical literacy that reflects a broad-based approach to the concept while exploring what critical literacy may look like within a civic education classroom and the ways in which this reflects a particular approach to good citizenship. Perceived connections between critical literacy, the promising practices, and the dimensions of the C3 Framework are illustrated throughout the chapter, and the authors provide a real-world example to demonstrate what integration may look like in practice through either extra-curricular or classroom-based student engagement.
Civic Engagement in Local Environmental Initiatives
Authors: Heaton Lorna , Días da Silva Patrícia
Published: December 2021

The goal of this chapter is to draw attention to the interrelation of multiple mediatized relationships, including face-to-face interaction, in local civic engagement around biodiversity and the environment. The authors propose that civic engagement and participation transcend the type of media used, and that artificial distinctions between online and offline participation are unproductive. Their argument is supported by three examples of participatory projects in which social media-based and face-to-face interactions are closely interrelated. This contribution highlights local uses of social media and the web. It shows how engagement plays out across multiple channels and how resources can be found in a variety of media formats. In particular, online media significantly alter the visibility of both local actions and of the resulting data.
Political Mobilization Strategies in Taiwan's Sunflower Student Movement on March 18, 2014
Authors: Yang Kenneth C. C. , Kang Yowei
Published: December 2021

Taiwan's Sunflower Student Movement on March 18, 2014 has been characterized as a social movement with its sophisticated integration of social and mobile media into mobilizing Taiwanese society through participant recruitment and resource mobilization domestically and globally. Ample research has contributed the roles of these emerging media platforms as one of the main reasons for its success. This study was based on resource mobilization theory (RMT) to examine the roles of new communication technologies on mobilizing resources. This chapter focuses on the resource mobilization strategies by activists and organizations of the 318 Sunflower Student Movement. A large-scale text mining study was developed to examine how cross-national English media have described this social movement in Taiwan. Results and implications were discussed.
Heritage Education and Global Citizenship
Authors: González-Valencia Gustavo A. , Sabater Mariona Massip , Mata Jordi Castellví
Published: December 2021

Heritage education has been viewed as an aspect associated to the building of local and national identities, but there has been little exploration of the way it relates to Global Citizenship Education. This chapter explores this relationship in theoretical terms, through documentary review and analysis from a socio-critical perspective. One of the initial conclusions is that heritage education is associated with art history and is the work of formal and informal education institutions. Another more in-depth conclusion is that there are relationships between these two types of education that share the common thread of identity-building and participation, which ties in with recognition of the changes caused to societies through globalisation. The chapter concludes with a series of questions asking whether it is possible to conceive a global heritage or identity.
Service and Philanthropy as College Student Activism for Fraternity and Sorority Members
Authors: Tull Ashley
Published: December 2021

College student activism is often thought of as a problem to be dealt with, focusing on the potentially damaging role that student protest can take on a campus. Activism, however, can be defined in a multitude of ways, including how students express themselves in their commitment to others. This notion of community service or service learning has taken on a major role on many college campuses, and can highlight the powerful and positive impact of student activism. This chapter explores the role of service and philanthropy as mechanisms for college students to express their beliefs and commitments to others. Specifically exploring those student behaviors in fraternities and sororities, activism among undergraduates can be a tremendous asset to an institution, to a community, and ultimately, to the students themselves.
Durable Civic Technology
Authors: Ward Mather Lisa , Robinson Pamela
Published: December 2021

Minecraft is a video game that allows players to interact with a 3D environment. Launched in 2009, Minecraft has surprisingly durable popularity. Users report that Minecraft is easy to learn and understand, engaging and immersive, and adaptable. Outside North America it has been piloted for urban planning public consultation processes. Five years ago, authors conducted research using key informant interviews. This study asked practicing urban planners in Canada to assess Minecraft's potential. Key findings address Minecraft's usefulness as a visualization tool, its role in building public trust in local planning processes, the place of play in planning, and the challenges associated with its use in public consultation. This chapter explores Minecraft's ongoing use, offers reflections as to how this game could effectively be used for public consultation, and concludes with key lessons for urban planners whose practice intersects with our digitally-enabled world, with a particular focus on new application possibilities in smart city planning projects.
Citizen Engagement and Social Media
Authors: Sandoval-Almazan Rodrigo , Lopez Juan Carlos Montes de Oca
Published: December 2021

Social media has transformed election campaigns around the world. While it is difficult to determine to what extent social media influence voters' decisions, there is no doubt that social media platforms impact on candidate advertising and public debate during elections. This research, the methodological formulation of which is based on a case study, seeks to investigate the use of social media during political campaigns to collect signatures of support. In the elections of 2018, aspiring candidates for presidential election required a certain number of signatures of support in order to register as official candidates. We collected social media data on a weekly basis from the Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube accounts of seven candidates and contrasted this data with the number of signatures validated by the electoral authority. We found no relationship between the level of support received and the use of social media in the case of any of the candidates. However, we observed candidates who did achieve the required number of signatures and who did receive official presidential candidate status as a result of their high level of visibility. This research contributes methodologically to the current literature and provides empirical evidence regarding independent candidates in Mexico.
Effectiveness of Game-Based Learning as a Pedagogy Among the MBA Students
Authors: Chellaswamy Karthigai Prakasam , Gururaj Rao Nagarjuna , Varghese Sharon , Kurien Georgy P. , Raman Sreedhara , Manivannan Anand Shankar Raja
Published: December 2021

Game-based learning is an exciting and interactive tool used by many teachers across the globe. This research aims to check whether any significant change is found in the learning of the student before and after introducing game-based learning in classroom teaching. MBA students were identified as the target group for this research. The production dice game was used for this experiment. The teacher engaged the first session traditionally and later with the production dice game. Student learning was captured through a Google form before and after the game. The Google form had questions ranging from understanding to analyzing to application-level to capture exactly the effectiveness of game-based learning, Paired sample t-test was applied to check the before and after test results, and it was found that there was a significant change in the learning among the identified target group. Through this study, the authors conclude that game-based learning provides better results in student learning as compared to regular classroom teaching.
Game-Based Pedagogy
Authors: Lane Carol-Ann
Published: December 2021

Interpretations of the cultural meanings made by each of the boys in the study, based on their individual unique experiences engaging with video games, can provide readers with insights into how to approach adolescent aged boys' literacy development through game-based pedagogy. In this chapter the author describes how these four boys developed their multimodal ways of learning by engaging with visual perspectives of video games. The methodological approach documented what boys are saying, as much as possible, which is currently understudied in the literature surrounding boys and their video gaming practices. This chapter addresses some boys' out-of-school video gaming practices for meaning-making and gaining cultural knowledge. Studying the ways in which boys make meanings through multimodal ways of learning can offer insights into strategies for cyber culture that can potentially reinvent traditional literacy pedagogical boundaries and establish new ways and practices for building knowledge.
Discrete Primary Education Curriculum in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Md Jahangir , Islam Sheikh Rashid Bin , Ogawa Keiichi
Published: December 2021

The curriculum is an essential and integral part of the education system for lifelong learning and better children's outcomes. The sum of experience throughout their schooling journey can be defined as an educational curriculum expressed in a much broader sense. The school's type of school, study materials used, teaching methods, available school facilities, and the qualifications of schoolteachers provided at the end of primary schooling often diverge with different educational curricula due to the government policy dilemma. There is no unified primary education curriculum in Bangladesh's case. More than three mainstream educational curricula can be founded, each with its own unique set of traits, benefits, and shortcomings. This chapter explores what factors affect a school's choice, which is linked with the educational curriculum being offered, and how it affects the student's quality of education. This chapter also explores gamification theory's implementation to ensure quality primary education in Bangladesh.
Learner Motivation Through Gamification in E-Learning
Authors: Chelawat Anshita , Sant Seema
Published: December 2021

It is a proven fact that learning with the element of fun and games makes the learning process interesting and also helps in student retention. Especially, in the context of e-learning environment, where learner motivation and engagement level are not easy to monitor, it is required to implement some mechanism which can improve their intrinsic motivation and make them self-motivated. Gamification in education and using game-based formative assessment tools will be of great help to not only motivate learners to opt for e-learning courses, but to complete till the end. The current study, thus, focuses on use of game-based formative assessment to improve learners' motivation in the e-learning environment so that their drop-out rates can be controlled, and their engagement level can be improved. Also, it intends to assess the past literature and identify the essential gaming mechanics which can possibly impact the learner motivation. It will also highlight the theoretical perspective used in previous studies on gamification, engagement, and motivation.
An Empirical Assessment of the Relationship Between Information Intensity and IT Leaders' Role and Structural Power
Authors: Al-Taie Moyassar Zuhair , Nour Mohamed Abdalla , Cater-Steel Aileen
Published: December 2021

Using the theoretical lens of the contingency approach to leadership, this study explores the relationship between the information intensity of the organization’s value chains and IT leaders’ role and structural power. Based on data obtained from a sample of 174 Australian IT senior executives, a multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) is used to empirically test for differences between the IT leader’s role and structural power in high and low information intensive organizations. Findings suggest that value chain information intensity significantly influences the importance of individual CIO roles as well as the combined operational (supply) and strategic (demand) groups of roles. However, the IT leaders’ structural power was found to be unrelated to the level of information intensity of the organization. Implications and future research directions are discussed.
Representações sociais de homens sobre autocuidado e pressão alta
Authors: Arreguy-Sena Cristina , Santos Jéssica de Castro , Marcelo Thayrine Silva , Pinto Paulo Ferreira , Dutra Hérica Silva , Melo Laércio Deleon de , Brandão Marcos Antônio Gomes
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: compreender as representações sociais de homens sobre autocuidado e pressão alta. Método: pesquisa qualitativa alicerçada na Teoria das Representações Sociais (abordagens processual e estrutural) e no conceito de Déficit de autocuidado de Orem. Realizada em via pública em uma cidade da Zona da Mata mineira com 118 homens (idade ≥18anos). Coletados os dados de caracterização sociodemográficas, as técnicas de evocação livre das palavras e a entrevista individual em profundidade com gravação de áudio guiada por questões norteadoras. Os dados foram consolidados com apoio dos softwares: EVOC®, SPSS24, Nvivo Pro11 e Iramuteq. Realizada análise de conteúdo (adensamento teórico - coeficiente de Pearson). Atendidos os aspectos ético-legais. Resultados: faixa etária predominante 18-29 anos (41,5%). Foram categorias emergentes: 1) adesão às ações preventivas no autocuidado da hipertensão (demonstraram conhecimento e inserção dos participantes) e; 2) negligências ao autocuidado nas ações preventivas da hipertensão (evidenciou-se dúvidas ou justificativas para os homens não se cuidarem). Considerações finais: o grupo consideraque o autocuidado é a responsabilidade em terhábitos saudáveis (alimentação e atividade física) para prevenção de doenças; e apressão alta é influenciada por: alimentação desregrada, sedentarismo e estresse, sendo necessário o autocuidado para o controle e manutenção da saúde.
Deficiência de vitamina D e mortalidade cardiovascular na doença renal crônica: revisão integrativa
Authors: Mendes de Araújo Ivo , Lima da Silva Elza , Lima Pestana Magalhães Aline , D’Eça Júnior Aurean , Baluz Bezerra de Farias Nunes Flávia , Milhomem dos Santos Elisângela
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: analisar os estudos científicos desenvolvidos sobre a deficiência de vitamina D e a mortalidade por causa cardiovascular nas pessoas com doença renal crônica. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura a partir das bases de dados LILACS, PubMed, Medline e na biblioteca eletrônica SciELO, utilizando os descritores deficiência de vitamina D, mortalidade cardiovascular e doença renal crônica, sendo selecionados 14 artigos para análise. Resultados: A partir da análise dos artigos selecionados, foi possível identificar que a deficiência de vitamina D e a mortalidade cardiovascular são condições muito frequentes em renais crônicos e, por isso, discutem-se hipóteses de que a correção desta deficiência pode exercer efeitos benéficos sobre a doença e mortalidade cardiovascular nessa população. Conclusão: Há uma intrínseca relação entre a carência de vitamina D e a mortalidade cardiovascular. Entretanto, ainda é discutível se a suplementação de vitamina D reduz a mortalidade cardiovascular nos doentes renais crônicos. Tal hipótese precisa ser testada em ensaios clínicos, ensejando a necessidade de se desenvolver mais pesquisas sobre o tema.
Saberes e experiências de idosos sobre a cirurgia de catarata: um diálogo com uma profissional de enfermagem
Authors: Da Silva Márcia Cristina Marques Pereira , Alvim Neide Aparecida Titonelli , Valadares Glaucia Valente , Faria Beatriz Gomes , Ribeiro Ana Clara Rodrigues
Published: December 2021

Objetivo. Descrever o conhecimento e experiências de idosos sobre a cirurgia de catarata e os cuidados pré e pós-operatórios. Método. Estudo qualitativo-descritivo feito com 24 idosos em hospital privado no Rio de Janeiro e em domicílio. Realizaram-se entrevistas individuais, seguidas de discussão com cada participante, entre setembro e dezembro de 2017. Aplicou-se análise de conteúdo temática na organização dos dados. Resultados. Categorias de análise: concepções sobre a doença e a cirurgia, fontes de acesso à informação, a cultura do silêncio no contexto do cuidado em saúde, e expectativas dos idosos sobre a cirurgia e seus resultados. Os idosos apresentaram lacunas sobre o que sabem sobre a cirurgia e os cuidados pré e pós-operatórios; trouxeram situações que reiteram, por vezes, a cultura do silêncio na relação com os profissionais de saúde e fizeram proposições sobre o que consideravam importante na educação em saúde sobre o tema. Conclusões. A partir da reunião com os idosos, foi possível evidenciar não apenas seus conhecimentos sobre a patologia enfrentada e o procedimento cirúrgico de catarata, como também avaliar, de forma integral, o processo e as mudanças necessárias no âmbito da promoção da saúde.
Cuidados com o uso de insulinas disponibilizadas pelo sus subsídios para o controle em diabetes mellitus
Authors: Gonçalves Barros Daniela Gonçalves , Santos Kássylla Ferreira dos , Lima Juliana de Oliveira Roque e , Malaquias Suelen Gomes , Sousa Ana Luiza Lima , Silveira Erika Aparecida , Pagotto Valéria
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: Descrever os cuidados com o uso de insulinas disponibilizadas pelo SUS e analisar os fatores associados aos cuidados inadequados.
Método: Estudo transversal com 113 pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus de um ambulatório de Goiânia-GO. Foram coletados dados em prontuários sobre conservação, preparo e administração de insulina que foram classificados em adequados e inadequados.
Resultados: Do total de participantes,58,4% eram mulheres e a média de idade foi 48 anos. Hipertensão arterial foi relatada por 70,8% e 89,0% apresentaram hemoglobina glicada ≥7%. A totalidade dos usuários de insulina realizavam pelo menos um tipo de cuidado inadequado e 62,8% realizavam quatro ou mais. Os mais frequentes foram:conservarem locais não recomendados (46,7%), não aplicar insulina 30 minutos antes da refeição (87,5%), não avaliar presença de grumos no frasco de insulina NPH (71,9%) e não retirar a insulina da geladeira entre 15 e 30 minutos antes da aplicação (88,7%). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante com as variáveis de exposição analisadas, porém a maior proporção de quatro ou mais cuidados inadequados ocorreu nas mulheres, nos jovens, naqueles com 11 ou mais anos de estudo, tempo de doença superior a 10 anos e, entre os que aplicam insulina uma ou duas vezes ao dia.
Conclusão: Houve alta prevalência de cuidados inadequados e grande variabilidade de práticas, reforçando a importância da implementação da linha de cuidados em Diabetes Mellitus em todos os níveis de atenção à saúde
Desempenho dos serviços da atenção primária à saúde: satisfação das pessoas com hipertensão
Authors: Ane Caroline Rodrigues Miranda Lucena  , Anderson da Silva Rêgo  , Patrícia Bossolani Charlo  , Thamires Fernandes Cardoso da Silva Rodrigues  , Maria Aparecida Salci  , Cremilde Aparecida Trindade Radovanovic  , Lígia Carreira
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: avaliar o desempenho do elenco de serviços ofertados pela Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) e associar ao controle pressórico e ao acompanhamento de pessoas com hipertensão arterial (HA). Métodos: estudo transversal, realizadocom 417 pessoas com HA, vinculadas a 34 Unidades Básicas de Saúde de um município do Paraná. Os dados foram coletados entre fevereiro e junho de 2016, utilizando instrumento de satisfação com serviços prestados pela APS, empregando questões referentes ao bloco sobre Elenco de Serviços.Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: observou-se prevalência de pessoas com idade superior a 70 anos, do sexo feminino, brancas e com baixa escolaridade. Obteve-se melhor avaliação nas questões relacionadas à aferição da pressão arterial, presença de no mínimo um profissional na unidade e participação em grupos de pessoas com HA. Pessoas com acompanhamento inadequado avaliaram insatisfatoriamente a aferição da pressão arterial nas consultas e visitas domiciliares. Os estratificados com controle pressórico inadequado avaliaram insatisfatoriamente a educação em saúde e informações sobre medicamentos e seus efeitos. Conclusão: destaca-se a necessidade de aperfeiçoar o acompanhamento e atendimento aos pacientes com HA, de modo que os serviços dispensados pela APS sejam satisfatórios.
A percepção dos familiares sobre a unidade de internação psiquiátrica em um hospital geral
Authors: Aparecida Buriola Aline , Stefani Torquato da Silva Amanda , Elias de Freitas Ribeiro Jorge , Possa Juliana , Liberati Silingovschi Guilherme , Ângela Zamora Arruda Gregolin Maria , Mori Pires de Camargo Raquel
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: identificar a percepção dos familiares sobre assistência e organização da unidade de internação psiquiátrica em um hospital geral. Método: Pesquisa descritiva exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, realizada em um hospital geral no interior do Oeste Paulista, junto a 13 familiares de pessoas com transtorno mental. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado e a análise ocorreu mediante ao referencial metodológico da análise temática de conteúdo proposta por Bardin. Resultados: A partir da análise dos discursos, emergiram duas categorias: a) “Relevância da ambiência e equipe multidisciplinar no tratamento de pessoas com transtornos mentais”, destacando o ambiente físico, o tratamento ministrado pela equipe multidisciplinar e o contato e participação dos familiares durante a internação; e b) “Fragilidades da dinâmica assistencial como suporte nas relações interpessoais”, na qual foram evidenciados os aspectos apontados como ainda frágeis na assistência. Considerações Finais: A percepção familiar foi predominantemente positiva em relação ao serviço oferecido e, mesmo com as fragilidades apontadas, estes sentem-se satisfeitos com o ambiente hospitalar no que tange ao trabalho realizado pela equipe multidisciplinar e o cuidado inclusivo da família na terapêutica.
Percepções da equipe de enfermagem sobre preparo e administração de medicamentos em pediatria
Authors: Camargo Priscyla Tainan , Renovato Rogério Dias , Melo Heinen Ganassin Fabiane
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: analisar as percepções da equipe de enfermagem sobre preparo e administração de medicamentos em pediatria. Método: estudo de abordagem qualitativa realizado na clínica pediátrica de um hospital público. Entrevistaram-se vinte profissionais de enfermagem por meio de questões norteadoras sobreo processo de administração de medicamentos em seu local de trabalho e fatores que contribuem para os erros de medicação. As entrevistas foram gravadas e posteriormente transcritas.  Os resultados foram categorizados de acordo com análise de conteúdo e o referencial teórico foi a segurança do paciente. Resultados: as categorias identificadasforam processo de trabalho relacionado à medicação; precarização do trabalho em saúde; sistema de medicação: prescrição médica; e protocolos relacionados a medicamentos. A prescrição médica foi apontada comoum dos fatores indutoresde erro de medicação, além da interrupção durante o preparoe administração de medicamentos e ausência de protocolo sobre os cuidados específicos em pediatria. Situações como sobrecarga profissional, conflitos, falta de materiais eestrutura física inadequada foram percebidas no processo de medicação em pediatria. Conclusão: as percepções da equipe de enfermagem demonstrarama necessidade de espaços de diálogos dentro da equipe multiprofissional e maior envolvimento da gestão na busca de um cuidado seguro prestado ao paciente.
Mulheres com câncer ginecológico: significado da braquiterapia
Authors: Martins da Rosa Luciana , Bernardes Duarte Érica , Hames Maria Eduarda , Radünz Vera , Dias Mirella , Beltrame Bagio Camila , Arzuaga Maria Angélica
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: conhecer o significado da braquiterapia em mulheres com câncer ginecológico. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória realizada com 32 mulheres, submetidas à braquiterapia em instituição oncológica de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Na coleta de dados, entre setembro de 2017 e julho de 2018, aplicou-se entrevista semiestruturada. As comunicações foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo, incluindo regras de enumeração para análise dos dados sociodemográficos, clínicos e para quantificação dos relatos agrupados. Publicações relacionadas com o tema e a Teoria do Conforto sustentaram teoricamente a inferência dos dados. Emergiram cinco categorias temáticas, neste artigo apresentam-se três. Resultados: a categoria “O medo e as crenças pessoais no enfrentamento do câncer ginecológico e da braquiterapia” destaca o medo da morte, o desejo pela cura e o apego à família e à religiosidade; “Medo do tratamento e desconfortos relacionados” retrata as alterações relacionadas aos contextos físico, psicológico e ambiental; “Dor como significado” revela a percepção dolorosa sentida pelas mulheres em decorrência da doença ou da braquiterapia. Conclusão: conhecer o significado da braquiterapia permite que os enfermeiros possam repensar a coleta de dados e o planejamento de enfermagem para melhor educação em saúde e redução dos desconfortos.
Avanços e desafios das políticas públicas de gestão das tecnologias em saúde nas américas: scoping review
Authors: Nascimento de Vasconcelos Mayara , Sales da Silva Lucilane Maria , Veraci Oliveira Queiroz Maria , Magalhães Moreira Thereza Maria , Bezerra Sousa George Jó , Duarte Pereira Maria Lúcia
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: mapear evidências científicas sobre os avanços e desafios das políticas públicas de gestão das tecnologias em saúde nas Américas. Método: trata-se de uma scoping reviewrealizada em junho de 2021, nos portais e base de dados: National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde (BVS) e ScientificElectronic Library Online (SciELO). Resultados: ao final, 16 estudos foram selecionados. A discussão sobre as políticas públicas de gestão das tecnologias em saúde estava pautada principalmente na Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde (ATS). Como desafios apresentados destacaram-se: falta de investimentos e de recursos humanos; alinhamento da inovação em saúde com demandas de saúde pública; baixa contextualização do papel das tecnologias em saúde; metodologias que permitem avaliação de tecnologias leves. Em relação aos avanços, ressalta-se aumento de pesquisas com ênfase no componente tecnológico e busca de inovação, bem como avanços relacionados à ATS nos países identificados. Conclusão: a maioria dos avanços revelados são referentes ao processo de avaliação dessas tecnologias em saúde, mas existem oportunidades de melhorias, principalmente no investimento, expansão das áreas de conhecimento e no reconhecimento das tecnologias leves e leve-duras.
Nonsignificant relation of seminal and serum vitamin D levels and semen parameters of males in Upper Egypt
Authors: Kamal Emad E. , Bakry Rania M. , Danyail Mary Y. , Badran Aya Y.
Published: December 2021

Introduction

Since the discovery of vitamin D (Vit. D) in 1922, a plethora of researches has been conducted on it describing its role in many physiological and pathological processes.

Aim

This research targeted to assess both seminal and serum Vit. D levels in Egyptian males and to establish the relation between both serum and seminal Vit. D and the age, residence, education, marital and fertility states, and semen parameters of men in our community.

Patients and methods

A prospective cross-sectional hospital-based study targeted men who attended the andrology clinic during the period from the beginning of May 2019 to the end of August 2019 with various complaints. All participants were subjected to conventional semen analysis using the WHO 2010 as a reference. Both serum and seminal Vit. D levels were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique.

Results

The study included 100 male participants. Their age ranged from 20.0 to 50.0 years, with a mean±SD of 34.97±8.37 years. Most of them were from rural areas of Upper Egypt (60 vs. 40% from urban areas). The participants were classified into groups according to semen analysis using the WHO 2010 criteria. Serum Vit. D deficiency, insufficiency, and normal levels were observed in 4, 25, and 71% of participants, respectively. Seminal Vit. D sufficiency and insufficiency were reported in 83 and 17%, respectively. Both serum and seminal Vit. D levels had nonsignificant correlations between their levels and all semen parameters.

Conclusion

As most Egyptian men are subjected to sunny climate of our country, the prevalence of Vit. D deficiency is low in both serum and seminal fluid. The results of the current study did not support any evidence for the role of Vit. D in semen parameters or male fertility status.
Serum interleukin 15 level may serve as a new marker for alopecia areata
Authors: Omar Nehal M. , Ghanem Bothaina M. , Abdelsalam Maha , Elmogy Mohammed H.
Published: December 2021

Background

Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune form of nonscarring hair loss that may affect any hair-bearing area. It is one of the most common forms of hair loss seen by dermatologists. The serum level of interleukin 15 (IL-15) is elevated in AA; subsequently, IL-15 limits the suppressive effect of regulatory T cells and activates CD8+NKG2D+ T cells to attack the cells of the hair bulb and initiate AA. Inhibiting IL-15 activity might be a breaking new therapeutic strategy in the treatment of AA.

Patients and methods

Serum IL-15 levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for 30 patients with active AA (group A), 30 patients with stable AA (group B), and 60 healthy participants of age-matched and sex-matched controls (group C).

Results

Serum levels of IL-15 were significantly increased in patients with AA and showed a significant positive correlation with severity (Severity of Alopecia Tool score) and activity of the disease. Receiver operating characteristics curve detected the validity of serum IL-15 in differentiating patients with AA from controls. The best cutoff point for IL-15 was determined to be more than or equal to 7.66 pg/ml, which was able to predict AA with 98.3 sensitivity and 100% specificity. Receiver operating characteristics curve of IL-15 was also conducted to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of serum IL-15 as a diagnostic index for discrimination between active and stable AA cases, and the best cutoff point for IL-15 was determined to be more than or equal to 21.2 pg/ml, which was able to predict active AA, with 93.3 sensitivity and 100% specificity. Higher IL-15 levels were associated with prediction of severity and activity of AA.

Conclusion

Serum IL-15 may represent a new marker for AA diagnosis as well as a predictor of the disease severity and activity.
Trappin-2/Elafin and Clusterin serum levels in pemphigus vulgaris and correlation with the severity score
Authors: Aya Badran Y. , Rofaida Shehata Refaat , Alaa Abd-Elkader S. , Amira Kamel A. , Fatma Abd-Elsamea S. , Ahmed Gomaa S.
Published: December 2021

Background

Trappin-2/Elafin is a 9.9 KDa molecule released from its precursor Preproelafin that exists principally in immune cells, skin, the lungs, the vagina, and other organs. Clusterin is a heterodimeric glycoprotein that plays a major role in many biological processes such as interaction with lipids, apoptosis regulation, weakening of complement activation, toxin removal, response to damage, and stress as well as autoimmune damage.

Both Trappin-2/Elafin and Clusterin serum levels have been studied in various immunologically mediated dermatological and nondermatological diseases. However, it still unknown whether their circulating levels are altered in pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and whether they play a role in this disease.

Objective

This study aimed to elucidate the potential link between both Trappin-2/Elafin and Clusterin levels and PV through a quantitative assessment of their serum levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and also to detect their possible correlations with PV severity using the pemphigus disease area index.

Patients and methods

Fifty patients with PV and 40 matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. After a full assessment of history and complete dermatological examination, the severity score was calculated using pemphigus disease area index, and then serum samples were collected and subjected to quantitative measurements of serum Trappin-2/Elafin and Clusterin levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

Serum levels of both Trappin-2/Elafin and Clusterin were significantly higher in the patients than in the controls (P<0.001); still, their levels were not correlated with the severity of the disease.

Conclusion

The finding indicates that both Trappin-2/Elafin and Clusterin serum levels become elevated in patients with PV; however, the increase is not specific for the disease. None of the markers are correlated with the severity score of PV. Increased Trappin-2/Elafin levels indicate the existence of chronic inflammation, autoimmunity and skin or other system damage. Increased Clusterin levels suggest autoimmune damage, stress or transforming growth factor stimulation.
EPOS 2012: European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps 2012. A summary for otorhinolaryngologists
Authors: Fokkens W.J. , Lund V.J. , Mullol J. , Bachert C. , Alobid I. , Baroody F. , Cohen N. , Cervin A. , Douglas R. , Gevaert P. , Georgalas C. , Goossens H. , Harvey R. , Hellings P. , Hopkins C. , Jones N. , Joos G. , Kalogjera L. , Kern B. , Kowalski M. , Price D. , Riechelmann H. , Schlosser R. , Senior B. , Thomas M. , Toskala E. , Voegels R. , Wang D.Y. , Wormald P.J.
Published: December 2021

The European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2012 is the update of similar evidence based position papers published in 2005 and 2007. The document contains chapters on definitions and classification, we now also proposed definitions for difficult to treat rhinosinusitis, control of disease and better definitions for rhinosinusitis in children. More emphasis is placed on the diagnosis and treatment of acute rhinosinusitis. Throughout the document the terms chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) are used to further point out differences in pathophysiology and treatment of these two entities. There are extensive chapters on epidemiology and predisposing factors, inflammatory mechanisms, (differential) diagnosis of facial pain, genetics, cystic fibrosis, aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease, immunodeficiencies, allergic fungal rhinosinusitis and the relationship between upper and lower airways. The chapters on paediatric acute and chronic rhinosinusitis are totally rewritten. Last but not least all available evidence for management of acute rhinosinusitis and chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps in adults and children is analyzed and presented and management schemes based on the evidence are proposed. This executive summary for otorhinolaryngologists focuses on the most important changes and issues for otorhinolaryngologists. The full document can be downloaded for free on the website of this journal: http://www.rhinologyjournal.com.
Utilization of Digoxin among Hospitalized Older Patients with Heart Failure and Atrial Fibrillation in Thailand: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Singkham Noppaket , Wongsalap Yuttana , Poolpun Duangkamon , Phetnoo Sirichok , Somkhon Chuthalak
Published: December 2021

BackgroundDigoxin is used to control heart rate in patients with heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF). However, its use is often limited in older patients, as they are prone to digoxin toxicity. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of digoxin use, investigate the factors associated with digoxin use, and explore the association between digoxin use and clinical outcomes in older Thai patients with HF and AF.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used data obtained from an electronic medical records database. We performed logistic regression analysis to determine the prevalence of digoxin use at index discharge and the factors associated with its use. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine the association of all-cause mortality and HF rehospitalization with digoxin use.ResultsOf the 640 patients assessed, 107 (16.72%) were prescribed digoxin before discharge. The factors negatively associated with digoxin use included high serum creatinine level (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] =0.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.22–0.65) and ischemic heart disease (IHD) (AOR=0.52; 95% CI, 0.30–0.88). The factors positively associated with digoxin use were the use of diuretics (AOR=2.65; 95% CI, 1.60–4.38) and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) (AOR=2.24; 95% CI, 1.18–4.27). We observed no significant association between digoxin use and clinical outcomes (adjusted hazard ratio=1.00; 95% CI, 0.77–1.30).ConclusionDigoxin use was prevalent among older patients with HF and AF. Patients with high serum creatinine or IHD were less likely to be prescribed digoxin, whereas those using diuretics or MRAs were more likely to be prescribed digoxin. Although digoxin use was not uncommon among older patients, it was prescribed with caution among Thai patients hospitalized with HF and AF.
Data Dictionary for Quantities Used in Cyber Physical Systems (Enhanced License)
Authors:   AS-4UCS Unmanned Systems Control Segment Architecture
Published: December 2021

Enhanced License for Data Dictionary for Quantities Used in Cyber Physical Systems (AS6969B) allowing for greater usage as outlined in the terms of the Enhanced License. Terms can be reviewed prior to purchase once item is added to the cart.

 Data Dictionary for Quantities Used in Cyber Physical Systems (AS6969B) This data dictionary provides definitions for quantities commonly used in the command and control of cyber physical systems. It defines mathematical and logical terms, quantities, measurement units, reference systems, measurands, and measurements. It also defines common quantity modalities. The dictionary is structured to be convenient to data modelers. It is also extendable so that users can create their own quantity domains.
Why do people own horses? The experiences of highly involved dressage hose owners in the United Kingdom.
Authors:   , Bornemann Darcy
Published: December 2021

Horse ownership is simplistically defined through the possession of a horse; however, the logistics of keeping horses and using horses are evidenced as far more complex than the mere ownership of an object. Although it is understood horses and humans develop a relationship built on a mutual communication system, the horse is more the focus of the relationship than the human despite humans’ position of power as the possessor. The existing areas of research seek to describe the equestrian population, the physiology and biomechanics of the horse rider, and the culture of human-horse relationships. Missing from these, however, is the underlying motivation to own horses, because humans can access horses without ownership. This thesis uses an inductive qualitative approach to investigate the motivations for dressage horse ownership (because equestrians appear to self-segregate by competitive discipline). Twenty-one highly involved dressage horse owners ranging in age, experience, and professional affiliation with horses were interviewed. Two core themes emerged. The core theme ‘Getting Into Horses’ is composed of people’s discussions around becoming horse owners and has two motivation themes: ‘Always Wanted’ and ‘Securing the Horse’. Respectively, these comprise people’s attraction to horses and how they first became horse owners. The core theme of ‘Horse-Human Interaction’ is composed of people’s discussion regarding their interactions with the horses they own and contains two motivation themes: ‘Caregiving’ and ‘Using the Horse’. Respectively, these cover how caring for the horse is motiving and how riding and training is motivating for ownership. All the themes come together to form a novel theory of horse ownership motivation. The horse ownership theory is explained by utilising four other theories. Biophilia explains the initial attraction to horses. Self-determination theory explains how horse ownership is fulfilling of humans’ basic psychological needs of autonomy, competency, and relatedness. Attachment theory and achievement goal theory work in conjunction with self-determination theory to further explain why human-horse interactions are fulfilling of relatedness and competency needs. Horse ownership is motivated by the ability to control the decision-making regarding the horse, which becomes important as humans begin interacting with horses and experience satisfaction through their subsequent relationship with the horse. Furthermore, ownership protects the human-horse relationship because ownership provides the power to control decision-making.