bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TNF-α promotes α-synuclein propagation through stimulation of senescence-associated lysosomal exocytosis
Authors: Bae Eun-Jin , Choi Minsun , Kim Jeong Tae , Kim Dong-Kyu , Jung Min Kyo , Kim Changyoun , Kim Tae-Kyung , Lee Jun Sung , Jung Byung Chul , Shin Soo Jean , Rhee Ka Hyun , Lee Seung-Jae
Published: July 2022

Cell-to-cell propagation of α-synuclein is thought to be the underlying mechanism of Parkinson’s disease progression. Recent evidence suggests that inflammation plays an important role in the propagation of protein aggregates. However, the mechanism by which inflammation regulates the propagation of aggregates remains unknown. Here, using in vitro cultures, we found that soluble factors secreted from activated microglia promote cell-to-cell propagation of α-synuclein and further showed that among these soluble factors, TNF-α had the most robust stimulatory activity. Treatment of neurons with TNF-α triggered cellular senescence, as shown by transcriptomic analyses demonstrating induction of senescence-associated genes and immunoanalysis of senescence phenotype marker proteins. Interestingly, secretion of α-synuclein was increased in senescent neurons, reflecting acquisition of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Using vacuolin-1, an inhibitor of lysosomal exocytosis, and RNAi against rab27a, we demonstrated that the SASP was mediated by lysosomal exocytosis. Correlative light and electron microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy confirmed that propagating α-synuclein aggregates were present in electron-dense lysosome-like compartments. TNF-α promoted the SASP through stimulation of lysosomal exocytosis, thereby increasing the secretion of α-synuclein. Collectively, these results suggest that TNF-α is the major inflammatory factor that drives cell-to-cell propagation of α-synuclein by promoting the SASP and subsequent secretion of α-synuclein.
Efficacy of psychosocial interventions for Autism spectrum disorder: an umbrella review
Authors: Gosling Corentin J. , Cartigny Ariane , Mellier Baptiste C. , Solanes Aleix , Radua Joaquim , Delorme Richard
Published: July 2022

Introduction

The wide range of psychosocial interventions designed to assist people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) makes it challenging to compile and hierarchize the scientific evidence that supports the efficacy of these interventions. Thus, we performed an umbrella review of published meta-analyses of controlled clinical trials that investigated the efficacy of psychosocial interventions on both core and related ASD symptoms.

Methods

Each meta-analysis that was identified was re-estimated using a random-effects model with a restricted maximum likelihood estimator. The methodological quality of included meta-analyses was critically appraised and the credibility of the evidence was assessed algorithmically according to criteria adapted for the purpose of this study.

Results

We identified a total of 128 meta-analyses derived from 44 reports. More than half of the non-overlapping meta-analyses were nominally statistically significant and/or displayed a moderate-to-large pooled effect size that favored the psychosocial interventions. The assessment of the credibility of evidence pointed out that the efficacy of early intensive behavioral interventions, developmental interventions, naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions, and parent-mediated interventions was supported by suggestive evidence on at least one outcome in preschool children. Possible outcomes included social communication deficits, global cognitive abilities, and adaptive behaviors. Results also revealed highly suggestive indications that parent-mediated interventions improved disruptive behaviors in early school-aged children. The efficacy of social skills groups was supported by suggestive evidence for improving social communication deficits and overall ASD symptoms in school-aged children and adolescents. Only four meta-analyses had a statistically significant pooled effect size in a sensitivity analysis restricted to randomized controlled trials at low risk of detection bias.

Discussion

This umbrella review confirmed that several psychosocial interventions show promise for improving symptoms related to ASD at different stages of life. However, additional well-designed randomized controlled trials are still required to produce a clearer picture of the efficacy of these interventions. To facilitate the dissemination of scientific knowledge about psychosocial interventions for individuals with ASD, we built an open-access and interactive website that shares the information collected and the results generated during this umbrella review.

Pre-registration

PROSPERO ID CRD42020212630.
Detection of dental fomites using topical fluorescein
Authors: Newsom Richard , Pattison Chris , Amara Adam , Louca Chris
Published: July 2022

Background Thorough disinfection of dental facilities is of paramount importance during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients, clinicians, students and nurses can all be infected by aerosols and dental droplets bearing COVID-19. However, droplets are transparent and often microscopic, so are difficult to detect in clinical practice.

Methods To better understand the spread of dental droplets, we stained the dental irrigant with fluorescein and performed a series of procedures on a dental manikin. We then viewed droplets and fomite spread around the dental chair, with and without an ultraviolet (UV) light.

Results Observations without the UV light showed minimal or no fluid spread. However, using UV light, we detected fluorescein on the dentist, chairs and the handpiece, as well as splatter on the floor and on the instrument tray. This was of educational value to the staff, who were reminded how far droplets had spread.

Conclusion Fluorescein facilitates the detection of droplet spread and helps clinical staff to see high-risk areas that require in-depth cleaning. As clinical grade fluorescein is cheap and widely available, this technique may be useful for dental practices to train staff in the thorough decontamination of the clinical environment.
Who does what to whom? graph representations of action-predication in speech relate to psychopathological dimensions of psychosis
Authors: Nikzad Amir H. , Cong Yan , Berretta Sarah , Hänsel Katrin , Cho Sunghye , Pradhan Sameer , Behbehani Leily , DeSouza Danielle D. , Liberman Mark Y. , Tang Sunny X.
Published: July 2022

Graphical representations of speech generate powerful computational measures related to psychosis. Previous studies have mostly relied on structural relations between words as the basis of graph formation, i.e., connecting each word to the next in a sequence of words. Here, we introduced a method of graph formation grounded in semantic relationships by identifying elements that act upon each other (action relation) and the contents of those actions (predication relation). Speech from picture descriptions and open-ended narrative tasks were collected from a cross-diagnostic group of healthy volunteers and people with psychotic or non-psychotic disorders. Recordings were transcribed and underwent automated language processing, including semantic role labeling to identify action and predication relations. Structural and semantic graph features were computed using static and dynamic (moving-window) techniques. Compared to structural graphs, semantic graphs were more strongly correlated with dimensional psychosis symptoms. Dynamic features also outperformed static features, and samples from picture descriptions yielded larger effect sizes than narrative responses for psychosis diagnoses and symptom dimensions. Overall, semantic graphs captured unique and clinically meaningful information about psychosis and related symptom dimensions. These features, particularly when derived from semi-structured tasks using dynamic measurement, are meaningful additions to the repertoire of computational linguistic methods in psychiatry.
Long-term outcome of patients with vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
Authors: Kehr Sarah , Berg Philipp , Müller Susanne , Fiedler Sarah A. , Meyer Britta , Ruppert-Seipp Gabriele , Witzenhausen Cornelia , Wolf Marc E. , Henkes Hans H. , Oberle Doris , Keller-Stanislawski Brigitte , Funk Markus B.
Published: July 2022

We present the long-term outcomes of 44 patients who developed cerebral venous sinus thrombosis after vaccination with the adenoviral vector ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 COVID-19 vaccine. Assessment of the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale was performed within 3–6 months after the initial hospital admissions. Patient outcomes ranged from good recovery (13 patients, 29.6%) to moderate disability (11 patients, 25.0%) and severe disability or vegetative state (6 patients, 13.6%). Fatal outcomes were reported in 14 patients (31.8%).
Gray matter volumetric correlates of attention deficit and hyperactivity traits in emerging adolescents
Authors: Li Clara S. , Chen Yu , Ide Jaime S.
Published: July 2022

Previous research has demonstrated reduction in cortical and subcortical, including basal ganglia (BG), gray matter volumes (GMV) in individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a neurodevelopmental condition that is more prevalent in males than in females. However, the volumetric deficits vary across studies. Whether volumetric reductions are more significant in males than females; to what extent these neural markers are heritable and relate to cognitive dysfunction in ADHD remain unclear. To address these questions, we followed published routines and performed voxel-based morphometry analysis of a data set (n = 11,502; 5,464 girls, 9–10 years) curated from the Adolescent Brain Cognition Development project, a population-based study of typically developing children. Of the sample, 634 and 2,826 were identified as monozygotic twins and dizygotic twins/siblings, respectively. In linear regressions, a cluster in the hypothalamus showed larger GMV, and bilateral caudate and putamen, lateral orbitofrontal and occipital cortex showed smaller GMVs, in correlation with higher ADHD scores in girls and boys combined. When examined separately, boys relative to girls showed more widespread (including BG) and stronger associations between GMV deficits and ADHD scores. ADHD traits and the volumetric correlates demonstrated heritability estimates (a2) between 0.59 and 0.79, replicating prior findings of the genetic basis of ADHD. Further, ADHD traits and the volumetric correlates (except for the hypothalamus) were each negatively and positively correlated with N-back performance. Together, these findings confirm volumetric deficits in children with more prominent ADHD traits. Highly heritable in both girls and boys and potentially more significant in boys than in girls, the structural deficits underlie diminished capacity in working memory and potentially other cognitive deficits in ADHD.
Genetic polymorphisms in TLR3, IL10 and CD209 influence the risk of BK polyomavirus infection after kidney transplantation
Authors: Redondo Natalia , Rodríguez-Goncer Isabel , Parra Patricia , López-Medrano Francisco , González Esther , Hernández Ana , Trujillo Hernando , Ruiz-Merlo Tamara , San Juan Rafael , Folgueira María Dolores , Andrés Amado , Aguado José María , Fernández-Ruiz Mario
Published: July 2022

Genetic determinants of BK polyomavirus infection after kidney transplantation remain poorly investigated. We assessed the potential impact of 13 different single nucleotide polymorphisms within genes mainly involved in innate immune responses on the risk of BKPyV viremia in 204 KT recipients. After a median follow-up of 1121.5 days, the cumulative incidence of any-level BKPyV viremia was 24.5% (50/204). There was a significant association between the minor T allele of TLR3 (rs3775291) SNP and the development of BKPyV viremia (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 2.16; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08–4.30; P value = 0.029), whereas the minor G allele of CD209 (rs4804803) SNP exerted a protective role (aHR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.29–1.00; P value = 0.050). A higher incidence of BKPyV viremia was also observed for the minor G allele of IL10 (rs1800872) SNP, although the absence of BKPyV events among homozygotes for the reference allele prevented multivariable analysis. The BKPyV viremia-free survival rate decreased with the increasing number of unfavorable genotypes (100% [no unfavorable genotypes], 85.4% [1 genotype], 70.9% [2 genotypes], 52.5% [3 genotypes]; P value = 0.008). In conclusion, SNPs in TLR3, CD209 and IL10 genes play a role in modulating the susceptibility to any-level BKPyV viremia among KT recipients.
Prediction of postoperative cardiac events in multiple surgical cohorts using a multimodal and integrative decision support system
Authors: Kim Renaid B. , Alge Olivia P. , Liu Gang , Biesterveld Ben E. , Wakam Glenn , Williams Aaron M. , Mathis Michael R. , Najarian Kayvan , Gryak Jonathan
Published: July 2022

Postoperative patients are at risk of life-threatening complications such as hemodynamic decompensation or arrhythmia. Automated detection of patients with such risks via a real-time clinical decision support system may provide opportunities for early and timely interventions that can significantly improve patient outcomes. We utilize multimodal features derived from digital signal processing techniques and tensor formation, as well as the electronic health record (EHR), to create machine learning models that predict the occurrence of several life-threatening complications up to 4 hours prior to the event. In order to ensure that our models are generalizable across different surgical cohorts, we trained the models on a cardiac surgery cohort and tested them on vascular and non-cardiac acute surgery cohorts. The best performing models achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.94 on training and 0.94 and 0.82, respectively, on testing for the 0.5-hour interval. The AUROCs only slightly dropped to 0.93, 0.92, and 0.77, respectively, for the 4-hour interval. This study serves as a proof-of-concept that EHR data and physiologic waveform data can be combined to enable the early detection of postoperative deterioration events.
Impact of COVID-19 on cancer screening in South Korea
Authors: Lee Kyeonmin , Lee Yun Yeong , Suh Mina , Jun Jae Kwan , Park Bomi , Kim Yeol , Choi Kui Son
Published: July 2022

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic significantly declined cancer screening rates worldwide. Its impact on the South Korean population is unclear, depending on socioeconomic status (SES), residence, and history of chronic disease. This study utilized data (2018–2020) from the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey, an annual cross-sectional study employing nationally representative random sampling. Cancer screening rates were defined as the proportion of the eligible population who received respective cancer screening within the last 1 year and investigated four major cancers (stomach, colorectal, breast, and cervical). Screening rates every year were compared with screening rate ratios (SRRs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Between 2019 and 2020, screening rates declined significantly by 23%, 17%, 12%, and 8% for colorectal cancer (SRR 0.77; 95% CI 0.73–0.82), stomach cancer (SRR 0.83; 95% CI 0.79–0.87), breast cancer (SRR 0.88; 95% CI 0.82–0.93), and cervical cancer (SRR 0.92; 95% CI 0.87–0.97), respectively. Regardless of cancer type, screening was significantly lower in metropolitan residents, those with higher SES, and, interestingly, those without a history of chronic diseases. The significant decline in cancer screening during the pandemic requires urgent political intervention to reduce the burden of future cancer incidence and mortality.
A paired-end whole-genome sequencing approach enables comprehensive characterization of transgene integration in rice
Authors: Xu Wenting , Zhang Hanwen , Zhang Yuchen , Shen Ping , Li Xiang , Li Rong , Yang Litao
Published: July 2022

Efficient, accurate molecular characterization of genetically modified (GM) organisms is challenging, especially for those transgenic events transferred with genes/elements of recipient species. Herein, we decipher the comprehensive molecular characterization of one novel GM rice event G281 which was transferred with native promoters and an RNA interference (RNAi) expression cassette using paired-end whole genome sequencing (PE-WGS) and modified TranSeq approach. Our results show that transgenes integrate at rice chromosome 3 locus 16,439,674 included a 36 bp deletion of rice genomic DNA, and the whole integration contains two copies of the complete transfer DNA (T-DNA) in a head-to-head arrangement. No unintended insertion or backbone sequence of the transformed plasmid is observed at the whole genome level. Molecular characterization of the G281 event will assist risk assessment and application for a commercial license. In addition, we speculate that our approach could be further used for identifying the transgene integration of cisgenesis/intragenesis crops since both ends of T-DNA in G281 rice were from native gene or elements which is similar with that of cisgenesis/intrasgenesis. Our results from the in silico mimicking cisgenesis event confirm that the mimic riceGt1gene insertion and its flanking sequences are successfully identified, demonstrating the applicability of PE-WGS for molecular characterization of cisgenesis/intragenesis crops.
BayesR3 enables fast MCMC blocked processing for largescale multi-trait genomic prediction and QTN mapping analysis
Authors: Breen Edmond J. , MacLeod Iona M. , Ho Phuong N. , Haile-Mariam Mekonnen , Pryce Jennie E. , Thomas Carl D. , Daetwyler Hans D. , Goddard Michael E.
Published: July 2022

Bayesian methods, such as BayesR, for predicting the genetic value or risk of individuals from their genotypes, such as Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP), are often implemented using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) process. However, the generation of Markov chains is computationally slow. We introduce a form of blocked Gibbs sampling for estimating SNP effects from Markov chains that greatly reduces computational time by sampling each SNP effect iteratively n-times from conditional block posteriors. Subsequent iteration over all blocks m-times produces chains of length m × n. We use this strategy to solve large-scale genomic prediction and fine-mapping problems using the Bayesian MCMC mixed-effects genetic model, BayesR3. We validate the method using simulated data, followed by analysis of empirical dairy cattle data using high dimension milk mid infra-red spectra data as an example of “omics” data and show its use to increase the precision of mapping variants affecting milk, fat, and protein yields relative to a univariate analysis of milk, fat, and protein.
De-sialylation of glycopeptides by acid treatment: enhancing sialic acid removal without reducing the identification
Authors: Dong Wenbo , Liu Huanhuan , Chen Zexuan , Chen Lin , Jia Li , Shen Jiechen , Zhu Bojing , Li Pengfei , Fan Daidi , Sun Shisheng
Published: July 2022

This report details a new acid-treatment condition and database search method for completely removing sialic acid from glycopeptides.
Ferroelectric coordination metal complexes based on structural and electron dynamics
Authors: Akiyoshi Ryohei , Hayami Shinya
Published: July 2022

This feature article reviews the recent advances in ferroelectric coordination metal complexes whose the reversible polarisation originates from structural and electron dynamics.
Iron(iii)-catalyzed tandem annulation of indolyl-substituted p-quinone methides with ynamides for the synthesis of cyclopenta[b]indoles
Authors: Yu Ke-Yin , Ge Xiao-Min , Fan Yi-Jun , Liu Xiao-Tao , Yang Xue , Yang Yu-Han , Zhao Xian-He , An Xian-Tao , Fan Chun-An
Published: July 2022

Indolyl-substituted p-QMs are explored in the development of iron(iii)-catalyzed tandem annulation, leading to a new method for accessing the synthetically important functionalized cyclopenta[b]indoles.
A graceful break-up: serendipitous self-assembly of a ferromagnetically coupled [NiII14] wheel
Authors: Agapaki Eleftheria , Singh Mukesh K. , Canaj Angelos B. , Nichol Gary S. , Schnack Jürgen , Brechin Euan K.
Published: July 2022

The complex [NiII14(HL2)12(HCOO)14Cl14(MeOH)(H2O)] describes an aesthetically pleasing wheel displaying ferromagnetic exchange.
Factors allowing small monovalent Li+ to displace Ca2+ in proteins
Authors: Grauffel Cédric , Weng Wei-Hsiang , Lim Carmay
Published: July 2022

We present a strategy using nonredundant metalloprotein structures to compute metal exchange free energies and applied it to identify Ca2+-sites in proteins that are prone to Li+ substitution.
Theoretical study on the mechanism of hot excitons combined with aggregation-induced emission in efficient red fluorescent molecules
Authors: Wang Jiao , Jiang Xinnan , Liang Tingdong , Pan Yuyu , Yang Bing
Published: July 2022

There is a hot exciton channel between the S1 and T2 state of PBTPA. Meanwhile, in the aggregated state, its low frequency vibrations are suppressed, reducing its non-radiative transitions. Therefore, PBTPA shows both hot exciton and AIE properties.
Key roles of surface Fe sites and Sr vacancies in the perovskite for an efficient oxygen evolution reactionvialattice oxygen oxidation
Authors: Zhao Jia-Wei , Zhang Hong , Li Cheng-Fei , Zhou Xia , Wu Jin-Qi , Zeng Feng , Zhang Jiangwei , Li Gao-Ren
Published: July 2022

Highly efficient La/Sr-based perovskites with surface Fe sites and Sr vacancies were developed for the active lattice oxygen mechanism (LOM) of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and a relationship between the LOM and dynamic surface structure was established.
Peripheral halogenation engineering controls molecular stacking to enable highly efficient organic solar cells
Authors: Zou Yalu , Chen Hongbin , Bi Xingqi , Xu Xiaoyun , Wang Hebin , Lin Menglu , Ma Zaifei , Zhang Mingtao , Li Chenxi , Wan Xiangjian , Long Guankui , Zhaoyang Yao , Chen Yongsheng
Published: July 2022

The diverse molecular stacking tuned by peripheral halogens in non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) significantly affects the molecular physicochemical properties, the film morphologies and thus the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of organic solar cells (OSCs).
The interfacial effect induced by rare earth oxide in boosting the conversion of CO2 to formate
Authors: Song Lianpeng , Liang Zhong , Sun Mingzi , Huang Bolong , Du Yaping
Published: July 2022

This work has proposed the novel composite electrocatalyst CeO2/Bi3NbO7 for CO2 reduction, where the interfacial effect leads to significantly improved performances and benefits the future design of efficient electrocatalysts based on oxides.
Tunable mono- and di-methylation of amines with methanol over bimetallic CuCo nanoparticle catalysts
Authors: Li Ke-Ming , Zhang Qi , Xu Zhong-Ming , Chen Ran , Liu Tian-Tian , Luo Jin-Yue , Wu Yang-Wen , Huang Yao-Bing , Lu Qiang
Published: July 2022

Heterogeneous non-noble bimetallic CuCo nanoparticle catalysts for selective N-monomethylation and N,N-dimethylation reactions under base-free conditions, offering >50 examples from aromatic/aliphatic amines, nitrocompounds and different alcohols.
Urushiol derivatives as biomass-based photocatalysts for the transition-metal-free synthesis of 1,2-amino alcohols
Authors: Huang Xiaozhou , Hu Ya-Qing , Zhou Cen , Zheng Ying , Zhang Xiao
Published: July 2022

We report the design and synthesis of urushiol derivatives as biomass-based catalysts for photocatalytic, transition-metal-free access to 1,2-amino alcohols.
Understanding tyrosine self-assembly: from dimer assembly to magnetized fluorescent nanotubes embedded into PVA films
Authors: Singh Prabhjot , Sharma Rohit K. , Katare O. P. , Wangoo Nishima
Published: July 2022

Fate of tyrosine self assembly from dimer formation to photoluminescent and magnetically active ternary nanocomposite containing tyrosine nanotubes.
Correlating doping with the stability and color rendition of red phosphors
Authors: Chang Shuqin , Fu Jipeng , Wang Kaina , Sun Xuan , Ma Yingying , Bai Guangcan , Liu Guoquan , Wang Yonggang , Tang Mingxue
Published: July 2022

Eu-doped SrS red-emitting phosphors show superior thermal quenching resistance and luminescent intensity when the energy transfer from Ce3+ to Eu2+ is boosted.
Strain- and electric field-enhanced optical properties of the penta-siligraphene monolayer
Authors: Maymoun M. , Oukahou S. , Bahou Y. , Hasnaoui A. , Sbiaai K.
Published: July 2022

The effect of biaxial strain and an external electric field on the optical properties of the penta-siligraphene monolayer are reported.
Selective deposition of cocatalyst NiS on a g-C3N4/ZnIn2S4 heterojunction for exceptional photocatalytic H2 evolution
Authors: Xia Yuzhou , He Yunfeng , Liu Xiyao , Huang Renkun , Liang Ruowen , Chen Feng , Yan Guiyang
Published: July 2022

A ternary hybrid g-C3N4/ZnIn2S4/NiS, in which NiS is directionally anchored onto ZnIn2S4, is synthesized and exhibits exceptional photocatalytic H2 generation performance.
Tailoring benzo[α]phenoxazine moiety for efficient photosensitizers in dye sensitized solar cells via the DFT/TD-DFT method
Authors: Sahoo Suprabha S. , Murmu Manilal , Banerjee Priyabrata , Pathan Habib M. , Salunke-Gawali Sunita
Published: July 2022

Three benzo[α]phenoxazine-based dyes were designed by tailoring donor (D) and anchoring (A) moiety to benzo[α]phenoxazinetemplate via DFT and TD-DFT method for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) applications.
Synthetic approach for the control of self-doping in luminescent organic semiconductors
Authors: Kuimov Anatoly D. , Becker Christina S. , Shumilov Nikita A. , Koskin Igor P. , Sonina Alina A. , Komarov Vladislav Yu. , Shundrina Inna K. , Kazantsev Maxim S.
Published: July 2022

Combination of Suzuki cross-coupling and McMurrey reactions yielded materials with controllable molecular self-doping and luminescence.
A high-performance hybrid supercapacitor by encapsulating binder-less FeCoSe2 nanosheets@NiCoSe2 nanoflowers in a graphene network
Authors: Amiri Maryam , Mohammadi Zardkhoshoui Akbar , Hosseiny Davarani Saied Saeed , Maghsoudi Majid , Altafi Mohammad Kazem
Published: July 2022

FeCoSe2 nanosheets@NiCoSe2 nanoflowers encapsulated in a graphene network are fabricated for hybrid supercapacitors.
Sex and Race Reporting and Representation in Noncancerous Voice Clinical Trials: A Meta-Analysis of National Institutes of Health–Registered Research Between 1988 and 2021
Authors: Morton Mariah E. , Sandage Mary J.
Published: July 2022

Purpose:

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the frequency of sex, race, and ethnicity reporting and proportional representation in funded, noncancerous voice clinical trials to determine the state of compliance with National Institutes of Health (NIH) guidelines for inclusivity in clinical research.

Method:

Clinical trials registered with the NIH/U.S. National Library of Medicine between January 1988 and September 2021 were analyzed. Primary reports of the trials were obtained from
clinicaltrials.gov
and PubMed. Outcomes included the proportion of trials reporting sex, race, and ethnicity and the proportion of participants by sex, race, and ethnicity in the trials. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used to analyze the data with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) reported.

Results:

The search yielded 46 research studies. After inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied and attempts to locate studies were conducted, 11 total articles were ultimately evaluated. Descriptively, there were more female subjects, yet overall, no significant difference in sex distribution (χ
2
= 0.07,
p
= .75, 95% CI [−0.25, −0.19]). Race and ethnicity were only reported in two clinical trials. Black participants were underrepresented in one clinical trial (χ
2
= 4.93,
p
= .02, 95% CI [−0.11, −0.02]), whereas Hispanic participants were underrepresented in a second trial (χ
2
= 11.27,
p
< .00, 95% CI [−0.20, − 0.13]).

Conclusions:

This preliminary analysis highlights the disparities in race and ethnicity recruitment and reporting in noncancerous voice clinical trials. There is a need for strategic recruitment strategies and improved reporting practices to adhere to the NIH inclusivity directives.
Cross backstepping sliding mode control using integral barrier Lyapunov function for cross‐strict feedback systems
Authors: Paylakhi Seyedeh Zahra , Pariz Naser , Naghibi Sistani Mohammad Bagher , Javidi Dasht Bayaz Mohammad Hossein
Published: July 2022

Cross‐backstepping control for a type of uncertain non‐strict‐feedback non‐linear systems with time‐varying partial state constraints is the main subject of this work. Non‐strict‐feedback non‐linear systems are partitioned into two strict‐feedback non‐linear subsystems: constrained subsystem and unconstrained subsystem. An integral barrier Lyapunov function (IBLF) is used in each step of the backstepping design for the constrained subsystem to guarantee the boundedness of the fictional or actual state tracking errors. The effect of uncertainty is reduced using a hybrid cross‐backstepping sliding mode control (SMC) technique. The algorithm employs a systematic approach to developing control laws for non‐linear systems with matched and unmatched uncertainties. The simulation results of the proposed controller are juxtaposed with those of the cross backstepping with the time‐varying barrier Lyapunov function (TVBLF). The results demonstrate the overall better performance of the proposed method.
Coordinated multi‐objective scheduling of a multi‐energy virtual power plant considering storages and demand response
Authors: Ghasemi Olanlari Farzin , Amraee Turaj , Moradi‐Sepahvand Mojtaba , Ahmadian Ali
Published: July 2022

A virtual power plant (VPP) is a solution that brings distributed generation (DG) resources together and allows them to be optimally utilized to meet load demands in the presence of technical and pollution constraints. Electricity, heat, and natural gas are interdependent at the levels of generation, transmission, and consumption, and the interactions of these energy sources need to be considered. This paper presents an optimal model for daily operation of a multi‐energy virtual power plant (MEVPP), including electric, thermal, and natural gas sectors. MEVPP includes small‐scale gas‐fired and non‐gas‐fired DGs, combined heat and power (CHP), power to gas (P2G), boilers, electrical storage, electric vehicles (EV), and thermal storage. Renewable energy resources (RES), including wind turbines (WT), photovoltaic (PV), and PV‐thermal (PVT), also supply P2G technology. Smart grid technologies such as price‐based demand response (PBDR) and incentive‐based demand response (IBDR) are employed for electric loads. The proposed MEVPP model is eligible to participate in day‐ahead electricity, natural gas, heat markets, and electrical spinning reserve market. The scheduling model is multi‐objective to maximize MEVPP profit and minimize carbon dioxide emissions. The Epsilon constraint method is utilized to solve the problem, and the best Pareto point is chosen using the fuzzy satisfying approach.
From the Circumnuclear Disk in the Galactic Center to thick, obscuring tori of AGNs
Authors: Vollmer B. , Davies R. I. , Gratier P. , Lizée Th. , Imanishi M. , Gallimore J. F. , Impellizzeri C. M. V. , García-Burillo S. , Le Petit F.
Published: July 2022

The high accretion rates needed to fuel the central black hole in a galaxy can be achieved via viscous torques in thick disks and rings, which can be resolved by millimeter interferometry within the inner ∼20 pc of the active galaxy NGC 1068 at comparable scales and sensitivity to single dish observations of the Circumnuclear Disk (CND) in the Galactic Center. To interpret observations of these regions and determine the physical properties of their gas distribution, we present a modeling effort that includes the following: (i) simple dynamical simulations involving partially inelastic collisions between disk gas clouds; (ii) an analytical model of a turbulent clumpy gas disk calibrated by the dynamical model and observations; (iii) local turbulent and cosmic ray gas heating and cooling via H2O, H2, and CO emission; and (iv) determination of the molecular abundances. We also consider photodissociation regions (PDRs) where gas is directly illuminated by the central engine. We compare the resulting model datacubes of the CO, HCN, HCO+, and CS brightness temperatures to available observations. In both cases the kinematics can be explained by one or two clouds colliding with a preexisting ring, in a prograde sense for the CND and retrograde for NGC 1068. And, with only dense disk clouds, the line fluxes can be reproduced to within a factor of about two. To avoid self-absorption of the intercloud medium, turbulent heating at the largest scales, comparable to the disk height, has to be decreased by a factor of 50–200. Our models indicate that turbulent mechanical energy input is the dominant gas-heating mechanism within the thick gas disks. Turbulence is maintained by the gain of potential energy via radial gas accretion, which is itself enhanced by the collision of the infalling cloud. In NGC 1068, we cannot exclude that intercloud gas significantly contributes to the molecular line emission. In this object, while the bulk of the X-ray radiation of the active galactic nucleus is absorbed in a layer of Compton-thick gas inside the dust sublimation radius, the optical and UV radiation may enhance the molecular line emission from photodissociation regions by ∼50% at the inner edge of the gas ring. Infrared pumping may also increase the HCN(3−2) line flux throughout the gas ring by about a factor of two. Our models support the scenario of infalling gas clouds onto preexisting gas rings in galactic centers, and it is viable and consistent with available observations of the CND in the Galactic Center and the dense gas distribution within the inner 20 pc of NGC 1068.
The Effect of Chlorogenic Acid on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Steroidogenesis in the Testes of Diabetic Rats: Study of mRNA Expressions of GRP78, XBP1s, 3β-HSD, and 17β-HSD
Authors: Sari Indah , Moch Rizal Dicky , Afiyah Syarif Rul
Published: July 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic endocrine metabolic disorder that can increase the incidence of infertility. Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can trigger oxidative stress reactions and reduce antioxidant content. The increase of ROS can exert an impact on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress conditions and inhibit the steroidogenesis of the testes. The objectives of the current study were to determine the effect of chlorogenic acid (CGA) as an antioxidant in reducing ER stress conditions (mRNA expressions of GRP78, XBP1s), and to increase steroidogenesis (mRNA expressions of 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD) in the testis of DM rats. A total of 24 rats were randomly divided into six groups, namely: control group, DM1.5 months, DM2 months, and DM group were treated with CGA with three different doses (12.5 mg/kgBW, 25 mg/kgBW, and 50 mg/kgBW), respectively. Testicular tissue was isolated for examination of GRP78, XBP1s, 3β-HSD, and 17β-HSD mRNA expressions using RT-PCR. In the CGA1 group, GRP78 mRNA expression level was lower than in the DM2 group and was statistically different (p=0.021). XBP1s mRNA expression in the CGA1 group was lower and significantly different when compared to the DM2 group (p=0.018). The mRNA expression of 3β -HSD in the CGA1 group was higher than that in the DM1.5 and DM2 groups, which were statistically significant with p=0.000 and p=0,008. The comparison of 17β - HSD mRNA expression in the CGA1 group was higher than the DM1,5 and DM2 groups with p=0.013 and p=0.012. Administration of CGA at a dose of 12.5 mg/kgBW can reduce ER stress conditions and increase testicular steroidogenesis in DM rat models. These results were seen based on low GRP78 and XBP1s mRNA expressions, and high 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD mRNA expressions after CGA administration.
Zinc and Shell Flour as Innovative Natural Aromatase Blocker to Increase Testosterone Concentration
Authors: Amalia Reski , Mona Airin Claude , Astusti Pudji
Published: July 2022

The hormone testosterone is essential in various biological processes, including reproductive function so its presence in the body must remain stable. Low concentrations of testosterone can affect secondary traits and libido in male animals. Testosterone concentrations are usually increased through hormonal induction, but this will harm long-term administration. The alternative offered in this problem is to give aromatase blockers both in the form of commercial drug injection (letrozole) and natural ingredients (shell powder). Aromatase blockers can inhibit the synthesis of estrogen from testosterone at certain doses that are usually different for each animal, administering aromatase blockers has been shown to increase testosterone concentration, in birds and chickens the administration of aromatase blockers did not have any significant side effects.
Confusão sexual contra a traça-da-uva, Lobesia botrana, na região Demarcada do Douro usando dois modelos de difusores de feromona: ISONET-LTT BIO® E ISONET-LTT®
Authors: Seixas Maria , Carlos Cristina , Gonçalves Fátima , Ferreira Ana , Salvação Juliana , Oliveira José Carlos , Torres Laura , Oliveira Paula Seixas
Published: July 2022

A confusão sexual é uma técnica inovadora de proteção biotécnica contra a traça-da-uva, Lobesia botrana, considerada praga-chave da vinha na Região Demarcada do Douro (RDD). O difusor ISONET-LTT®, desenvolvido pela Shin-Etsu Chemical Co, mostrou, em trabalhos recentes, ser eficaz na proteção da vinha contra L. botrana. Porém, a utilização repetida de difusores feitos à base de polietileno, gera um problema de natureza ambiental, pela acumulação de plástico na vinha. Recentemente, a mesma empresa desenvolveu um novo difusor feito com materiais biodegradáveis, o ISONET-LTT BIO®, semelhante aos tradicionais. No presente estudo, que decorreu durante 2020, pretendeu-se avaliar a eficácia destes dois modelos de difusores de feromona na proteção da vinha contra a traça-da-uva na RDD. Adicionalmente, foi também avaliado o efeito da altitude na evolução da quantidade de feromona libertada por cada modelo. De forma geral, os dois difusores permitiram uma redução da intensidade de ataque de L. botrana, nas três gerações, com exceção de algumas parcelas durante o terceiro voo e terceira geração. A evolução da quantidade de feromona libertada pelos difusores estudados prolongou-se até ao início de agosto. A avaliação da quantidade de feromona emitida, em miligramas por dia por hectare, permitiu identificar diferenças de perdas a cotas diferentes, com maior libertação nas cotas mais baixas. A aplicação do difusor biodegradável foi eficaz na proteção contra a traça-da-uva, podendo constituir uma alternativa viável para a redução de resíduos de plástico no ecossistema vitícola.
Equilibrium decisions and coordination of a logistics service supply chain with bilateral corporate social responsibility
Authors: Liu Junhua , Liu Xiaoli , Wang Fu , Ma Xuejiao , Yue Xiaohang
Published: July 2022

This paper establishes centralized decision-making models (CDMM) and decentralized decision-making models (DCDMM) for a two-echelon logistics service supply chain (LSSC) composed of an integrator and a functional provider. This takes into consideration implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR). The equilibrium decisions are obtained and the impacts of CSR on the price, service level, consumer surplus, profit, and utility of the LSSC are discussed. A newly designed two-part pricing contract ensures implementation of CSR. We demonstrate that (1) under DCDMM, improvement of the functional provider’s CSR has more positive effects on the level of service, market demand, consumer surplus, overall profit, and utility of the LSSC than the same level of CSR for an integrator. (2) An increase of one member’s CSR upgrades the profit of the other members but damages its own profits. Therefore, LSSC members’ final profits will depend on the influence of CSR on both sides. (3) There is an optimal total critical CSR value for an integrator and functional provider. If the sum of both CSR values exceeds this, the profit under CDMM will be less than that under DCDMM, and LSSC members need not implement contract coordination. Finally, a numerical example is used to verify the relevant conclusions.
Aripiprazole Once-Monthly Versus Oral Aripiprazole for Schizophrenia
in the Maintenance Phase: A Systematic Review and Network
Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kishi Taro , Sakuma Kenji , Iwata Nakao
Published: July 2022

IntroductionTo examine whether aripiprazole once-monthly (AOM) was more
beneficial than oral aripiprazole (OARI) in the treatment of adults with
schizophrenia during the maintenance phase.

MethodsWe performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis of
double-blind, randomized controlled trials that included two of the following
treatments: AOM, OARI, and placebo.

ResultsWe identified four studies involving 1830 adults. Relapse rates at
26 weeks were lower for both AOM (odds ratio [OR] 0.240, 95% confidence
interval [CI] 0.169–0.341) and OARI (OR=0.306,
95%CI=0.217–0.431) than for placebo, although their
treatment outcomes did not differ significantly (OR=0.786,
95%CI=0.529–1.168). Rates of all-cause discontinuation
were also lower with AOM (OR=0.300, 95%
CI=0.227–0.396) and OARI (OR=0.441,
95%CI=0.333–0.582) than with placebo. The rate of
all-cause discontinuation was lower with AOM than with OARI (OR=0.681,
95% CI=0.529–0.877)]. Other outcomes did not differ
significantly between AOM and OARI.

DiscussionAlthough both AOM and OARI were efficacious in the treatment of
schizophrenia during the maintenance phase, AOM was better accepted than
OARI.
Korneales Kollagen-Crosslinking (CXL) bei Hornhautektasie nach SMILE (Small Incision Lenticule Extraction)
Authors: Feldhaus Lukas , Mayer Wolfgang J. , Gerhardt Maximilian , Siedlecki Jakob , Schworm Benedikt , Dirisamer Martin , Priglinger Siegfried , Luft Nikolaus
Published: July 2022

Das SMILE-Verfahren scheint mit einer geschätzten Inzidenz von 0,011% unter allen gängigen keratorefraktiven Verfahren das geringste Risiko für eine postoperative Keratektasie aufzuweisen.
Dennoch kann zum jetzigen Zeitpunkt aufgrund der Neuheit des Verfahrens sowie der mangelnden Datenlage diesbezüglich keine eindeutige Überlegenheit gegenüber der Femto-LASIK oder PRK
ausgesprochen werden. Insofern sind die identischen, strengen Kriterien zur Indikationsstellung analog zu den Excimer-basierten Verfahren von großer Bedeutung, um das Risiko einer
Hornhautektasie zu minimieren. Additiv zur konventionellen Hornhauttomografie sollten neuere bildgebende Modalitäten wie OCT-basiertes Epithel-Mapping standardmäßig zum präoperativen
Screening vor keratorefraktiven Eingriffen eingesetzt werden. Mit dem kornealen Crosslinking steht eine etablierte Behandlungsmethode der Post-SMILE-Keratektasie zur Verfügung, die
insbesondere in frühen Stadien hohe Erfolgschancen verspricht. Der vorgelegte Fallbericht legt diese Sachverhalte genauer dar.
Uncovering Consciousness and Revealing the Preservation of Mental Life in Unresponsive Brain-Injured Patients
Authors: Naci Lorina , Owen Adrian M.
Published: July 2022

In the last few years, functional neuroimaging and electroencephalography-based techniques have been used to address one of the most complex and challenging questions in clinical medicine, that of detecting covert awareness in behaviorally unresponsive patients who have survived severe brain injuries. This is a very diverse population with a wide range of etiologies and comorbidities, as well as variable cognitive and behavioral abilities, which render accurate diagnosis extremely challenging. These studies have shown that some chronic behaviorally unresponsive patients harbor not only covert consciousness but also highly preserved levels of mental life. Building on this work, although in its infancy, the investigation of covert consciousness in acutely brain-injured patients could have profound implications for patient prognosis, treatment, and decisions regarding withdrawal of care. The body of evidence on covert awareness presents a moral imperative to redouble our efforts for improving the quality of life and standard of care for all brain-injured patients with disorders of consciousness.
The language of happiness in self-reported descriptions of happy moments: Words, concepts, and entities
Authors: Moreno-Ortiz Antonio , Pérez-Hernández Chantal , García-Gámez María
Published: July 2022

This article attempts to study the language of happiness from a double perspective. First, the impact and relevance of sentiment words and expressions in self-reported descriptions of happiness are examined. Second, the sources of happiness that are mentioned in such descriptions are identified. A large sample of “happy moments” from the HappyDB corpus is processed employing advanced text analytics techniques. The sentiment analysis results reveal that positive lexical items have a limited role in the description of happy moments. For the second objective, unsupervised machine learning algorithms are used to extract and cluster keywords and manually label the resulting semantic classes. Results indicate that these classes, linguistically materialized in compact lexical families, accurately describe the sources of happiness, a result that is reinforced by our named entities analysis, which also reveals the important role that commercial products and services play as a source of happiness. Thus, this study attempts to provide methodological underpinnings for the automatic processing of self-reported happy moments, and contributes to a better understanding of the linguistic expression of happiness, with interdisciplinary implications for fields such as affective content analysis, sentiment analysis, and cultural, social and behavioural studies.
QM/MM study on thermally activated delayed fluorescence mechanism of a three-coordinated Au(I) complex: Key roles of crystal environments
Authors: Li Zi-Wen , Peng Ling-Ya , Song Xiu-Fang , Gao Yuan-Jun , Cui Ganglong
Published: July 2022

Three-coordinate Au(I) complexes with thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) have recently gained experimental attention. However, its luminescence mechanism is elusive. Herein, we have employed density functional theory (DFT), time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT), and QM/MM methods to investigate the excited-state and emission properties of the Au(I) complex in both gas and crystal phases. In both environments, the S1 and T1 emitting states mainly involve HOMO and LUMO and show clear metal-ligand charge transfer and intraligand charge transfer characters. The good spatial separation of HOMO and LUMO minimizes the S1–T1 energy gap, which benefits the reverse intersystem crossing (rISC) from T1 to S1. At 300 K, the rISC rate is faster than the T1 phosphorescence emission, which enables the TADF emission. However, at 77 K, such a rISC process is blocked and TADF disappears; instead, only phosphorescence is recorded experimentally. Importantly, this work highlights the importance of environments in regulating luminescence properties and contributes to understanding the TADF emission of organometallic complexes.