bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nationwide study on development and validation of a risk prediction model for CIN3+ and cervical cancer in Estonia
Authors: Tisler Anna , Võrk Andres , Tammemägi Martin , Ojavee Sven Erik , Raag Mait , Šavrova Aleksandra , Nygård Mari , Nygård Jan F. , Stankunas Mindaugas , Kivite-Urtane Anda , Uusküla Anneli
Published: October 2024

Transitioning to an individualized risk-based approach can significantly enhance cervical cancer screening programs. We aimed to derive and internally validate a prediction model for assessing the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or higher (CIN3+) and cancer in women eligible for screening. This retrospective study utilized data from the Estonian electronic health records, including 517,884 women from the health insurance database and linked health registries. We employed Cox proportional hazard regression, incorporating reproductive and medical history variables (14 covariates), and utilized the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) for variable selection. A 10-fold cross-validation for internal validation of the model was used. The main outcomes were the performance of discrimination and calibration. Over the 8-year follow-up, we identified 1326 women with cervical cancer and 5929 with CIN3+, with absolute risks of 0.3% and 1.1%, respectively. The prediction model for CIN3 + and cervical cancer had good discriminative power and was well calibrated Harrell’s C of 0.74 (0.73–0.74) (calibration slope 1.00 (0.97–1.02) and 0.67 (0.66–0.69) (calibration slope 0.92 (0.84–1.00) respectively. A developed model based on nationwide electronic health data showed potential utility for risk stratification to supplement screening efforts. This work was supported through grants number PRG2218 from the Estonian Research Council, and EMP416 from the EEA (European Economic Area) and Norway Grants.
Insect responses to seasonal time constraints under global change are facilitated by warming and counteracted by invasive alien predators
Authors: Sniegula Szymon , Stoks Robby , Golab Maria J.
Published: October 2024

In seasonal environments, organisms with complex life cycles not only contend with seasonal time constraints (TC) but also increasingly face global change stressors that may interfere with responses to TC. Here, we tested how warming and predator stress imposed during the egg and larval stages shaped life history and behavioural responses to TC in the temperate damselflyIschnura elegans. Eggs from early and late clutches in the season were subjected to ambient and 4 °C warming temperature and the presence or absence of predator cues from perch and signal crayfish. After hatching, larvae were retained at the same thermal regime, and the predator treatment was continued or not up to emergence. The late eggs decreased their development time, especially under warming and when not exposed to predator cues. However, the late eggs increased their development time when exposed to predator cues, especially to crayfish cues. The TC decreased survival of late larvae that were as eggs exposed to crayfish cues, indicating a carry-over effect. The TC and warming additively reduced late larvae development time to emergence. Independent of the TC, predator cue effects on development time were stronger during the egg than during the larval stage. The late individuals expressed lower mass at emergence, which mirrored the size difference between field-collected mothers. Warming caused a higher mass at emergence. The late individuals increased their boldness and showed a higher number of moves, whereas warming caused a decreased boldness. There was no predator cue effect on larval behaviour. The results indicate that late individuals compensate for late season egg laying, which is facilitated under warming but counteracted under predation risk, especially when imposed by the crayfish.
Novel paediatric case of a spinal high-grade astrocytoma with piloid features in a patient with Noonan Syndrome
Authors: Staunton Jordan , Ajuyah Pamela , Harris Angela , Mayoh Chelsea , Wong Marie , Rumford Megan , Sullivan Patricia J. , Ekert Paul G. , Fuentes-Bolanos Noemi , Cowley Mark J. , Lau Loretta M. S. , Ziegler David S. , Barahona Paulette , Manoharan Neevika
Published: October 2024

Noonan Syndrome (NS) is associated with an increased risk of low-grade central nervous system tumours in children but only very rarely associated with high-grade gliomas. Here we describe the first reported case of a spinal high-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP) in a child with NS. This case was a diagnostic and treatment dilemma, prior to whole-genome germline and tumour sequencing, tumour transcriptome sequencing and DNA methylation analysis. The methylation profile matched strongly with HGAP and sequencing identified somatic FGFR1 and NF1 variants and a PTPN11 germline pathogenic variant. Therapeutic targets were identified but also alterations novel to HGAP such as differential expression of VEGFA and PD-L1. The germline PTPN11 finding has not been previously described in individuals with HGAP. This case underscores the power of precision medicine from a diagnostic, therapeutic and clinical management perspective, and describes an association between HGAP and NS which has not previously been reported.
Discovery of Trypanosoma brucei inhibitors enabled by a unified synthesis of diverse sulfonyl fluorides
Authors: Mantilla Brian S. , White Jack S. , Mosedale William R. T. , Gomm Andrew , Nelson Adam , Smith Terry K. , Wright Megan H.
Published: October 2024

Sets of electrophilic probes are generally prepared using a narrow toolkit of robust reactions, which tends to limit both their structural and functional diversity. A unified synthesis of skeletally-diverse sulfonyl fluorides was developed that relied upon photoredox-catalysed dehydrogenative couplings between hetaryl sulfonyl fluorides and hydrogen donor building blocks. A set of 32 diverse probes was prepared, and then screened against Trypanosoma brucei. Four of the probes were found to have sub-micromolar anti-trypanosomal activity. A chemical proteomic approach, harnessing an alkynylated analogue and broad-spectrum fluorophosphonate tools, provided insights into the observed anti-trypanosomal activity, which likely stems from covalent modification of multiple protein targets. It is envisaged that the unified diversity-oriented approach may enable the discovery of electrophilic probes that have value in the elucidation of biological and biomedical mechanisms.
Influence of cobalt on the performance of Pt/CeO2 for CO-PROX at low temperature: reducing the energy of the Pt–O–Ce bond
Authors: Xu Ao , Zhang Jing , Yang Chunhua , Li Jinxiao , Song Rensheng , Zhao Yue , Liu Yulong , Lian Minghui , Pan Liwei
Published: October 2024

The interaction of Pt–Co–Ce decreases the bond energy of Pt–O–Ce, thereby promoting the redox cycle via the MvK mechanism. It is helpful in reducing the reaction temperature, widening the temperature window and improving the selectivity of CO2.
Neutral mononuclear indium(iii) photosensitizers for CO2 photoreduction
Authors: Zhang Zaichao , Fu Li-Zhi , He Piao , Yi Xiao-Yi
Published: October 2024

Neutral mononuclear indium(iii) complexes (In-1–In-3) containing 2,6-di(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)pyridine and substituted dipyridylpyrrole pincer ligands are employed as photosensitizers in photocatalytic CO2 reduction.
A thermal evaporation–trapping strategy to synthesize flexible and robust oxygen electrocatalysts for rechargeable zinc–air batteries
Authors: Zhang Hong-Bo , Meng Yu , Fang Lingzhe , Yang Fei , Zhu Shangqian , Li Tao , Yu Xiaohua , Rong Ju , Chen Weiwei , Su Dong , Mei Yi , Hou Peng-Xiang , Liu Chang , Shao Minhua , Li Jin-Cheng
Published: October 2024

A thermal evaporation–trapping strategy is developed to fabricate a flexible N-doped carbon fiber cloth loaded with both CoFe-oxide nanoparticles and atomic Co/Fe–Nx sites, showing outstanding oxygen electrocatalytic performance.
Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation and C–C coupling of lignin and its derivatives into renewable jet-fuel-range cycloalkanes
Authors: Diao Xinyong , Xiong Ying , Shi Yawen , Ma Longlong , Dong Chenglong , Zhang Shengbo , Ji Na
Published: October 2024

This review provides an in-depth understanding of the synthesis pathways and corresponding catalytic systems for the production of jet-fuel-range cycloalkanes from lignin and its derivatives via catalytic hydrodeoxygenation and C–C coupling.
Highly sensitive strain sensors with ultra-low detection limit based on pre-defined serpentine cracks
Authors: Meng Qingshi , Chi Tengfei , Guo Shuang , Razbin Milad , Wu Shuying , He Shuai , Han Sensen , Peng Shuhua
Published: October 2024

In this study, we introduce a novel resistive strain sensor with high sensitivity, excellent linearity, and an ultra-low detection limit by simply modulating ohmic contact within pre-defined conductive cracks.
Highly-stable and homogenous perovskite-based luminescent films with honeycomb-patterned surfaces
Authors: Zhou Ying , Zhao Chunyu , Ou Jiachen , Li Yuan , He Ling , Xiong Yanlu , Pan Aizhao
Published: October 2024

A highly-stable and homogenous perovskite-based luminescent film with honeycomb-patterned surfaces was fabricated by using the breath-figure method.
Near-infrared-II photothermal conversion and magnetic dynamic regulation in [Ln3Rad2] aggregation by rigidity modification of nitronyl nitroxide
Authors: Li Hongdao , Jin Chaoyi , Han Jing , Tang Jianke , Han Xiaofeng , Song Zhenjun
Published: October 2024

Nitronyl nitroxide in Ln(iii) multi-spin clusters has been utilized for realizing the regulation of NIR-II photothermal conversion and magnetic dynamics.
Methyl scanning approach for enhancing the biological activity of the linear peptidic natural product, efrapeptin C
Authors: Lin Yuanqi , Itoh Hiroaki , Dan Shingo , Inoue Masayuki
Published: October 2024

Efrapeptin C is a linear peptidic natural product that exerts potent anticancer activity. The methyl scanning approach led to the discovery of a fully synthetic efrapeptin analogue with superior bioactivity and proteolytic stability.
A reversed strategy for designing high-performance anode materials from a traditional NaxV2O5 cathode
Authors: Yao Jing , He Meichun , Li Pengju , Zhu Chao , Zhang Dongmei , Pei Cunyuan , Sun Bing , Ni Shibing
Published: October 2024

A novel high-performance α′-NaxV2O5 anode with a layered orthorhombic structure is designed and synthesized via a reversed strategy realized by tuning the Na/V ratio in the NaxV2O5 cathode.
Mn-doping method boosts Se doping concentration in Cu2S towards high thermoelectric performance
Authors: Gong Chen , Zeng Zhiwei , Sun Xiaoling , Luo Chengran , Chen Hongyi
Published: October 2024

The Mn, Se co-doping method increases the doping limit of Se. High-concentration Se doping not only optimises the electrical transport but also decreases the lattice's thermal conductivity, resulting in the zT value of 0.97 at 723 K.
Massive MIMO uplink and downlink joint representation based on couple dictionary learning
Authors: Guan Qing Yang
Published: October 2024

The challenge of jointly representing both the uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) in massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems have been tackled. Considering the angular reciprocity, a couple dictionary learning (CDL) support to enhance performance and address high complexity has been introduced. This approach minimizes the number of pilots and improves accuracy. Currently, accuracy analysis of UL/DL representation primarily relies on simulation. To bridge this gap, a proportion factor (PF) operator is proposed for CDL to assess accuracy. Specifically, a qualitative analysis formula is provided for accuracy and an optimal upper bound is established. Through theoretical proof, it is demonstrated that the accuracy of CDL for representation is mainly influenced by the cross‐correlation between the pilot matrix and the dictionary matrix. Inspired by PF operator, an optimal couple dictionary learning (OCDL) algorithm using singular value decomposition (SVD) is introduced to obtain dictionary updating, aiming at high‐precision representation. By establishing normalized mean squared error (NMSE), successful representation ratio, bit error rate (BER), and constellation performance, an OCDL algorithm that outperforms existing methods is showcased and channel representation accuracy is enhanced significantly.
An enhanced sensitivity‐based combined control method of battery energy storage systems for voltage regulation in PV‐rich residential distribution networks
Authors: Rezaei Farzaneh , Esmaeili Saeid
Published: October 2024

Commercial off‐the‐shelf (OTS) photovoltaic systems coupled with battery energy storage units (PV‐BES) are typically designed to increase household self‐consumption, neglecting their potential for voltage regulation in low voltage distribution networks (LVDNs). This work proposes an enhanced sensitivity‐based combined (ESC) control method for voltage regulation, using BES control as level 1 and reactive power compensation as level 2. A centralized controller manages charging/discharging intervals, while local inverters handle real‐time power rates and reactive power, ensuring effective LVDN voltage regulation. The BES set points are obtained concerning the measured local bus voltage and according to enhanced sensitivity coefficients. The enhancement algorithm ensures that the full capacity of BES is utilized and that there is adequate capacity during charging and discharging time intervals. The proposed method, tested on 8‐bus and 116‐bus LV test feeders, outperforms OTS and an adaptive decentralized (AD) control method by completely preventing overvoltage issues, minimizing various changes in the direction of BES power, and reducing voltage deviation without significantly affecting consumers' grid dependency.
An online frequency allocation strategy for multi‐carrier radar against spot jammer
Authors: Shan Zhao , Wang Lei , Zhang Zhe , Liu Yimin
Published: October 2024

Spot jamming poses a significant threat to radar detection due to its ability to rapidly intercept radar signals and emit high‐power interference. A novel Cognitive Multi‐Carrier Radar (CMCR) is proposed, which utilises a detection waveform comprising multiple narrow bands to reduce the disruption from the spot jammer. Additionally, it can analyse the target’s Radar Cross‐Section (RCS) characteristics and proactively select frequencies with high RCS for detection, thereby enhancing target detection capability. The online frequency allocation problem of CMCR is a Multi‐Armed Bandit (MAB) problem with a combinatorial action space. To tackle the challenge from the huge action space, an efficient aDaptive Accept Reject (DART) method is employed, which significantly reduces the regret of CMCR in the detection task. Moreover, a slide‐window change point indicator is proposed to monitor the change of target’s RCS, which enables CMCR to be applicable in scenarios where target’s RCS varies. Finally, the effectiveness and robustness of CMCR are through extensive numerical experiments.
Enhancing underwater target detection: Fusion of spatio‐temporal incompletely‐aligned AIS and sonar information via DTW and multi‐head attention mechanism
Authors: Zhao Wenbo , Cheng Xinghua , Wang Dezhi , Xiong Xiaodan , Zhang Xiaoshuang
Published: October 2024

In the field of underwater target detection, the passive sonar is an important means of long‐distance target detection. The sonar detection information typically includes both surface and underwater targets, whereas it is a great challenge on effectively distinguishing between surface and underwater targets solely based on sonar information. Effective fusion of sonar and AIS (Automatic Identification System) data can leverage their complementary nature to compensate for the limitation of sonar information. However, the sonar information and AIS information are acquired based on different detection principles and systems, which are essentially multi‐source heterogeneous information with obvious spatio‐temporal misalignment in nature. Existing fusion methods normally struggle to effectively align sonar and AIS data in both time and space subject to the complexity of the problem. In this study, the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm is applied to align sonar and AIS data in the time domain. In addition, a deep learning algorithm with multi‐head attention mechanism is proposed to achieve the spatial alignment of sonar and AIS data, where the matching between the surface targets in AIS data and the same surface targets in sonar data can also be successfully achieved. It provides a priori knowledge to enhance the underwater target detection of the passive sonar by eliminating the interference of the surface targets. Based on the attention mechanism, the abstract features extracted from the intermediate‐layer of the neural networks are found to be effective to represent the typical features of the target motion trajectories, which also demonstrates the effectiveness of the attention mechanism. The experiment results show that the proposed method can successfully achieve a MatchingSucccessRate of over 95% between the AIS targets and sonar detection targets.
Warum Kleinkinder auf moderne Systeme länger warten müssen
Authors: Stephanie Balz
Published: October 2024

Die neuen Diabetestechnologien haben in den letzten 25 Jahren die Behandlung von Typ-1-Diabetes revolutioniert. Die automatisierten Insulin-Dosierungssysteme (AID) – auch hybrides Closed-Loop-System oder „künstliche Bauchspeicheldrüse“ genannt – sind ein Game-Changer in der Diabetestherapie. Doch für Kleinkinder stehen diese Systeme nur eingeschränkt zur Verfügung, da für diese Altersgruppe nur wenige Systeme zugelassen oder praktikabel sind. Doch weil gerade für die jüngsten Diabetespatientinnen und -patienten ein gutes technisch unterstütztes Therapieangebot enorm wichtig ist, fordert die Deutsche Diabetes Gesellschaft (DDG) einen leichteren und schnelleren Zugang zu modernen Systemen.
Die Rechtsfrage: Wie ist die Rechtslage bei der Behandlung von Kindern?
Authors: Schlegel Thomas
Published: October 2024

Darf ich in einer Behandlung von Kindern beiden Erziehungsberechtigten alles über die Therapie erzählen oder gibt es hier Ausnahmen in Bezug auf die Schweigepflicht?

Therapeutin aus Sachsen
Zeichen erkennen und Kinder schützen – Körperlicher und emotionaler Missbrauch von Kindern und Jugendlichen
Authors: Eißmann Sven
Published: October 2024

Angehörige der Heilberufe sind seit 2012 durch das Gesetz zur Kooperation und Information im Kinderschutz (KKG) verpflichtet, bei Verdachtsfällen von Misshandlung angemessene Maßnahmen zu ergreifen. Kennen Fachkräfte typische Verhaltensweisen und Verletzungsmuster, können sie im Berufsalltag solche Fälle frühzeitig bekämpfen, rechtzeitig Hilfe anbieten und junge Menschen schützen.
Tief ein-, langsam ausatmen – Neurozentriertes Training bei Migräne
Authors: Daboul Hady
Published: October 2024

Die aktuelle Forschung zeigt, dass sich Migräne durch eine Stimulation des Vagusnervs positiv beeinflussen lässt. Der Neurowissenschaftler Hady Daboul erklärt die dabei wirkenden Mechanismen und auch, wie Physiotherapeut*innen den Betroffenen helfen können. Im Zentrum stehen einfache Atemübungen.
Mit Bewegung gegen den Schmerz – Hypoalgesie durch Training
Authors: Heitkamp Hauke , Adamczyk Waclaw , Szikszay Tibor
Published: October 2024

Seit Jahren gibt es einen regelrechten Hype um die übungsinduzierte Hypoalgesie. Schmerz mit Schmerzen hemmen – weshalb das funktionieren kann, wird von der Forschung auf unterschiedliche Arten erklärt. Fest steht, dass zentrale und periphere Mechanismen im Nervensystem die entscheidende Rolle bei diesem Phäomen spielen.
„Der Goldstandard ist eine Kombination aus Spiroergometrie und Laktatmessung“ – Dr. phil. Andreas Greiwing über Leistungsdiagnostik
Authors: Heitkamp Hauke
Published: October 2024

Andreas Greiwing interessiert sich seit seiner Jugend für Sport. In seiner Abschlussarbeit in der Sportmedizin kam er erstmals mit der Spiroergometrie in Kontakt. Auch nach fast 30 Jahren und 10 000 Diagnostiken fasziniert ihn die Methode weiterhin.
Physiotherapie bei COPD
Authors: Schneeberger Tessa
Published: October 2024

Die pneumologische Reha ist bei Patient*innen mit symptomatischer COPD eine evidenzbasierte Therapiemaßnahme e 1, 2. Sie reduziert Dyspnoe und verbessert die körperliche Leistungsfähigkeit und Lebensqualität 1, 3.
„Es fehlten wissenschaftlich fundierte und unkomplizierte Tools“ – Dr. Melanie Kleynen über motorisches Lernen
Authors: Teetz Christiane
Published: October 2024

Ein Forschungsteam der Zuyd-Universität im niederländischen Heerlen hat motorisches Lernen anwendungsbezogen weitergedacht. Dr. Melanie Kleynen erklärt, wie die Ergebnisse des „TREAT“-Projekts den Praxisalltag erleichtern – auch bei jahrzehntelanger praktischer Erfahrung.
„Die Atemtherapie hat ein Imageproblem“ – Albert und Marlies Ziegler im Porträt
Authors: Palisi Anna
Published: October 2024

Das Ehepaar Ziegler ist Experte auf dem Gebiet der Atemphysiotherapie. Doch obwohl der Behandlungsbedarf sehr hoch ist, gibt es wenige Kolleg*innen, die das Interesse an diesem Fach teilen – und das, obwohl die Therapie viel facettenreicher ist, als Schulen es unterrichten. Die Praxisinhaber erklären, weshalb die Atemtherapie einen Imagewechsel verdient hat.
Mein fremdes Körperteil – Fallbeispiel Körperwahrnehmungsstörung
Authors: Luomajoki Hannu , Kehl Corinne
Published: October 2024

2014 wird Herr Müller am Rücken operiert. Danach verbessern sich zwar seine Beschwerden, er hat jedoch zunehmend das Gefühl, sein linkes Bein gehöre nicht mehr zu seinem Körper. Besonders einschränkend erlebt er das Gefühl beim Joggen. Dabei hat er permanent das Gefühl, zu stolpern.
Intraoperative bleeding model for swine gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection via heparinization
Authors: Masunaga Teppei , Sasaki Motoki , Sato Moe , Minezaki Daisuke , Morioka Kohei , Tojo Anna , Sakurai Hinako , Iwata Kentaro , Miyazaki Kurato , Kubosawa Yoko , Mizutani Mari , Akimoto Teppei , Takatori Yusaku , Kawasaki Shintaro , Matsuura Noriko , Nakayama Atsushi , Sujino Tomohisa , Takabayashi Kaoru , Yahagi Naohisa , Nakajima Kiyokazu , Kato Motohiko
Published: October 2024

Background and study aims: Live swine have a high degree of coagulation and aggregation and using them for training about how to manage intraoperative bleeding during endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is unsatisfactory. This study aimed to identify the appropriate heparin dose in an intraoperative bleeding model and validate its applicability.

Methods: First, we explored the dose of heparin required for a swine bleeding model in which the activated clotting time reached and maintained the upper limit of measurement (1500 s) after 10 minutes. Second, we compared intraoperative bleeding and hematoma frequency during ESD for 2-cm lesions between the heparinized bleeding model and control groups. Intraoperative bleeding was classified according to the Forrest classification.

Results: The combination of a bolus (300 U/kg), continuous infusion (300 U/kg/h), and a bolus dose (150 U/kg) of heparin 10 minutes after the first infusion was identified as the dose for the bleeding model. Five ESDs were performed in each heparinized bleeding model and the control group. The median number of intraoperative bleeds was significantly higher in the heparinized model than in the control group (5 interquartile range [IQR] 4–7 vs. 3 [IQR 0–4, P = 0.028). All of the intraoperative bleeding events oozing (Forrest Ib) rather than spurting (Forrest Ia). The median number of hematomas was significantly higher in the heparinized model group than in the control group (3 [IQR 1–4] vs. 0 [IQR 0–1], P = 0.023).

Conclusions: High doses of heparin significantly increased intraoperative bleeding and hematoma during swine ESD.
Case Report: Erfolgreiche präklinische Erythrozytentransfusion bei einem polytraumatisierten Patienten unter besonderen Bedingungen
Authors: von Rottkay Eberhard , Werdermann Sandra , Rößler Jörg
Published: October 2024

Polytraumatisierte Patienten nach Verkehrsunfällen zählen weltweit, vor allem aber in ländlichen Regionen aufgrund der längeren Transportwege, zu den kritischen Patientengruppen. Wir stellen einen Fall vor, bei dem die Stabilisierung und das Überleben eines jungen Menschen durch den Einsatz des Epoc-Systems (EPOC BGA-System, Siemens Healthineers) der DRF-Luftrettung und der Sonografie sowie einer unkonventionellen Entscheidung aller Beteiligten ermöglicht werden konnte.

Durch die Möglichkeit der Durchführung einer präklinischen Blutgasanalyse, sowie einer Point-of-Care-Sonografie (POCUS) wurde bei dem Patienten eine abdominelle Blutung diagnostiziert und die Indikation zur präklinischen Bluttransfusion gestellt. Der Patient konnte durch die Bereitstellung und Transfusion von Erythrozytenkonzentraten (EK) präklinisch stabilisiert werden.

Der Fall verdeutlicht, dass eine Vorhaltung von Blutprodukten auf geeigneten Rettungsmitteln ein verbessertes Outcome kritisch verletzter Patienten ermöglichen kann.
Postpartum Readmission after Unscheduled Cesarean Delivery in Patients with Class 3 Obesity
Authors: Tewari Surabhi , Yao Meng , DeAngelo Lydia , Rogness Victoria , Buckley Lauren , Kollikonda Swapna , Goje Oluwatosin , Hopkins Maeve
Published: October 2024

Objective This study aimed to identify risk factors for postpartum readmission (PPR) in class 3 obese patients undergoing unscheduled cesarean deliveries.

Study Design Retrospective cohort study of patients with a body mass index (BMI) of ≥40 kg/m2 undergoing unscheduled cesarean delivery from 2017 to 2020 comparing patients with and without PPR (unexpected admission, emergency room/overnight observation visit, unscheduled outpatient visit, or ambulatory surgery within 30 days). Medical history, operative data, and postpartum outcomes were compared between the cohorts.

Results The electronic medical record was queried to identify cesarean deliveries documented as “unscheduled.” In total, 255 of 1,273 identified patients (20.0%) had a PPR. Median BMI was similar between the cohorts (44.2 kg/m2, interquartile range [IQR]: [41.8, 47.9] vs. 44.8 kg/m2 [42.0, 48.9], p = 0.066). Readmitted patients were more likely to have a history of smoking during or prior to pregnancy (p = 0.046). A subgroup exploratory analysis excluding outpatient and emergency room visits demonstrated higher rates of type II diabetes mellitus in patients with PPR (11.5 vs. 4.6%, p = 0.030). Patients with readmission in comparison to those without readmissions were less likely to receive cefazolin prophylaxis (78.0 vs. 84.3%, p = 0.014) in comparison to gentamicin/clindamycin prophylaxis. Patients with readmission were less likely to have had vaginal preparation (56.9 vs. 64.3%, p = 0.027). On multivariable logistic regression analysis, smoking history (odds ratio [OR] = 1.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06–1.96, p = 0.0220) and hypertensive disease (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.18–2.09, p = 0.002) were associated with readmission. Cefazolin preoperative prophylaxis (OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.41–0.84, p = 0.004) and vaginal sterile preparation (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.54–0.95, p = 0.022) were associated with decreased risk of readmission.

Conclusion In class 3 obese patients, a history of smoking and a diagnosis of hypertensive disease are associated with an increased risk of PPR. Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis with cefazolin along with vaginal sterile preparation associate with a decreased risk of PPR.

Key Points
The Collection and Application of Autologous Amniotic Fluid to Cesarean Delivery Closure
Authors: Grotegut Chad A. , Weaver Kristin E. , Fried Lena , Dotters-Katz Sarah K. , Gilner Jennifer B.
Published: October 2024

Background Amniotic fluid and amnion membranes have been used in surgery specialties to improve wound healing and decrease surgical adhesion formation.

Objective The objective was to determine if amniotic fluid could be collected at cesarean delivery and then reapplied to the layers of the closure using the CeaLogic Specimen Collection and Ratio Applicator Kit.

Study Design Twenty pregnant individuals who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled. Amniotic fluid was collected at artificial rupture of the membranes using the collection kit. Autologous amniotic fluid was then transferred to the applicator kit, mixed with calcium chloride solution, and applied directly to each of the surgical repair layers during closure: closed hysterotomy incision, closed fascial incision, closed subcutaneous layer (if applicable), and closed skin. Subjects were then followed for six weeks. Photographs of the incision were taken immediately following surgery, one-week following surgery, and at the four-week postpartum visit. The Modified Hollander Cosmesis Score was used to assess wound appearance.

Results Twenty pregnant individuals who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled and all completed the study. The mean volume of amniotic fluid collected was 30 ± 19 mL. The median (IQR) Modified Hollander Cosmesis Score (Range 0-best, to 6-worst) at the one week and four-week postpartum visits was 0 (0,1) and 0 (0,2), respectively. There were no wound complications nor surgical site infections among the cohort. Further, there were no unscheduled visits for wound issues among any of the subjects.

Conclusion The CeaLogic Specimen Collection and Ratio Applicator Kits can be used to collect and reapply autologous amniotic fluid at the time of cesarean delivery. Future studies are needed to determine if the application of autologous amniotic fluid to cesarean delivery closure can improve cosmesis and wound healing, as well as decrease the risk for the development of intraabdominal adhesions.
Tellurenated Compounds: Synthesis and Application in Ion Detection and as a Catalyst
Authors: Kaswan Poonam
Published: October 2024

Tellurium is now recognized as a ‘technology-critical element’ that is quickly being used in innovative applications. The chemistry of organotellurium ligands has improved rapidly during the last three decades. Because of their enhanced accessibility and the possibility that they would display significantly different properties than their sulfur counterparts, these ligands of heavier chalcogens have sparked considerable attention. The next sections will go through the various tellurium ligands and associated transition-metal complexes. Organochalcogen ligands are exceedingly flexible ligands that may react with nearly any transition metal to form a wide range of compounds, including multidentate ligands.Tellurides of various metals have lately been investigated for potential use in storage devices, solar cells, piezoelectric, medical applications, electronics, photothermal treatment, nanoplatelets, nanocrystals, catalysis, and other fields. Researchers are interested in metal chalcogenide heterostructures because of their improved charge transport and synergistic optoelectronic and catalytic properties. A sensor for various metals based on Te electrodes and a donor ligand are used to generate electrical signals and identify different metals. Due to the scarcity of tellurium, metal telluride nanocrystal heterostructures have received less attention than metal sulfide and metal selenide nanocrystal heterostructures.

1 Introduction

2 Tellurenated Compounds of Zwitterionic Nature

3 Synthesis of Tellurenated Ligands and Complexes

4 Catalytic Application and and Suzuki–Miyara Coupling

5 Tellurenated Sensors for Metal-Ion Sensing

5.1 Tellurium-Ion Detectors

5.2 Drawbacks/Catalyst Poisoning

5.3 Disadvantages

5.4 Advantages and Future Prospects

6 Conclusions
Methanol for Hydrogenation and Methylation of Carbonyls: Advances and Challenges in Homogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Pratihar Sanjay , Padmor Manohar Shivaji
Published: October 2024

The catalytic dehydrogenation of methanol to give formaldehyde or formic acid, followed transfer hydrogenation and/or tandem (de)hydrogenation for the hydrogenation and C-methylation of carbonyls, offers advantages over traditional methods, including milder reaction conditions, improved safety, greater selectivity, and enhanced sustainability. This account provides a comprehensive overview of homogeneous catalysts reported for the transfer hydrogenation and C-methylation of various substrates, including ketones, chalcones, esters, and amides, using methanol as both a hydrogen donor and methylation source. We provide specific examples and mechanistic insights for each strategy, offering a thorough and concise overview of recent advancements from 2014 to 2024.

1 Introduction

2 Methanol Activation Strategies

3 Hydrogenation of Carbonyls

4 Methylation of Carbonyls

5 Outlook and Summary
How the Menstrual Cycle Can Be Utilized During Sports Training, Performance, and Recovery through Wearable Technology: A Narrative Review for Researchers, Physicians, Coaches, and Athletes
Authors: Hunter Naiomi Nhen , Smith Morgan A.
Published: October 2024

The menstrual cycle (MC) serves as a vital indicator of overall health and metabolic function, regulated by the hypothalamic–pituitary axis and involving a complex interplay of hormones. Understanding these hormonal dynamics is crucial for deciphering an individual's physiological status and performance potential, particularly in athletes. Studies regarding the MC's impact on athletic performance and training often lack inclusivity, standardized methodologies, and inconsistent biological definitions, hindering comprehensive conclusions. Moreover, societal inequalities contribute to the underrepresentation of female athletes in research, exacerbating the lack of understanding regarding female physiology in sports medicine. Leveraging wearable technology presents a promising avenue for both tracking MCs and optimizing athletic training/recovery. Wearables offer real-time monitoring of biometrics that often correlate with hormonal fluctuations, and lifestyle trends (diet, sleep, stress) aiding in personalized training schedules and performance optimization. Integrating data collected by MC dynamics and wearable technology into athletic training has the potential to decrease the generally perceived negative impacts MC has on athletic performance. Addressing gaps in research methodologies and promoting awareness among athletes, coaches, and healthcare professionals are essential steps toward maximizing the potential of MC-informed training strategies.
Devising a Breast Cancer Diagnosis Protocol through Machine Learning
Authors: Mujtaba Tooba , Hashmi Saif Ullah , Imtiaz Usama Bin , Nusra Sheikh Jameel Fathima
Published: October 2024

Breast cancer is a life-threatening disease and has serious health implications. It is categorized based on receptors, including the estrogen receptor (ER) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which are the focus of the present research We analyzed gene expression from data obtained from a functional genomics repository called Array Express. The accession numbers are E-GEOD-52194, E-GEOD-75367, and E-GEOD-58135, and the molecular details of these subsets of cancer receptors. Upon following a predefined computational pipeline, we identified 369 genes that had distinct patterns of gene expression profiles in cases of ER-positive (ER + ) and HER2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer. The support vector machine (SVM) and decision tree models of machine learning were used to evaluate the prognostic and diagnostic significance. Accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were examined to gauge the effectiveness of these models. Then, a network analysis was performed to assess the significant biological process and signaling pathways of HER2- and ER+ breast cancer development. The present study facilitates an enhanced approach to these subcategories of breast cancer so that precise diagnoses can be made, and better and more focused treatment plans can be provided. The current research provides valuable information on the molecular and genetic basis of ER+ and HER2- breast cancer and has great potential for improving patients' treatment.
Evaluation of a Risk Model for Sepsis Early Prediction in Infants with Epidermolysis Bullosa
Authors: Zhang Shuyan , Wang Jing , Li Lingyu , Jiao Liyan , Liu Xiaojuan , Ping Lili
Published: October 2024

Objective Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a severe hereditary condition characterized by fragile skin that can lead to complications, including severe infections such as sepsis. Current research on sepsis in children with EB is limited, and there is a need for specific biomarkers that can aid in early detection and management.

Methods This study analyzed blood samples from 92 children diagnosed with EB, 42 of whom developed sepsis. We investigated various inflammatory proteins and clinical parameters as potential biomarkers. Multivariate analysis was used to determine predictors of sepsis occurrence.

Results Elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), lactate, and decreased oxygen saturation were significantly associated with sepsis in children with EB. The predictive model displayed an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.80 in the training set and 0.77 in the validation set, indicating good predictive accuracy.

Conclusion Our findings suggest that CRP, IL-6, lactate, and oxygen saturation are reliable predictors of sepsis in children with EB. These biomarkers should be monitored closely to facilitate early diagnosis and improve outcomes in this vulnerable population. The study underscores the need for tailored research and diagnostic strategies for children with EB at risk of sepsis.
Carotid Endarterectomy with Twisted Internal Jugular Vein Located Anterior to the Common Carotid Artery
Authors: Endo Arumu , Toyooka Terushige , Fujii Kazuya , Takeuchi Satoru , Yoshiura Toru , Nakagawa Masaya , Otsuka Yohei , Tomiyama Arata , Wada Kojiro
Published: October 2024

The knowledge of both normal and abnormal anatomy of the veins of the neck may be important for surgeons performing carotid endarterectomy (CEA), to avoid inadvertent injury to vascular structures. We present three cases of abnormal course of the internal jugular vein (IJV) which run anterior to the common carotid artery, named twisted IJV, that usually run posterolateral to the common carotid artery in patients undergoing CEA. These twisted IJV cases were detected by preoperative multidetector computed tomography angiography evaluation. During the CEA procedure, before identifying the common carotid artery, we dissected the retromandibular space to find the common facial vein. Then, dissection proceeded along the common facial vein caudally to find the IJV. After ligation and cutting of the common facial vein, a carotid sheath with the IJV turned laterally revealed the common carotid artery safely, and CEA was accomplished. Our clinical experience shows that knowledge of the anatomical anomaly of the IJV allows safe dissection of the carotid triangle avoiding inadvertent injury to the vasculature and vagus nerve.
Players in the Women's National Basketball Association Are More Likely to Tear Their Anterior Cruciate Ligament if They Are a Guard, Forward, or Driving to the Basket: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Hansen Payton Yerke , Hansen Austin , Baran Jessica V. , Kushner Jared , Jackson Garrett R. , Fomunung Clyde , John Devin Q. , Sabesan Vani J.
Published: October 2024

The Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) has grown in popularity since its induction in 1996. Furthermore, it is well known that female athletes are at an increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears compared with their male counterparts. The purpose was to examine the player positions and player movements during basketball games and practices that contribute to ACL tears in WNBA players. Player position and demographics from WNBA players who suffered an ACL tear from 1996 to 2021 were collected from publicly available sources. Entertainment and Sports Programming Network news reports and video analysis were reviewed to determine what movements each player was performing when the injury occurred. Injured players were matched with two noninjured players by age, position, height, and league experience. Performance statistics were collected one season prior to injury and compared with the matched controls. A total of 62 WNBA players with ACL injuries were identified with an average age of 26.7 (±3.9) years. More guards and forward were seen in the injured cohort and more players were injured while driving to the basket (p < 0.05). ACL injuries occurred more commonly during games than in practice (p < 0.05). Compared with controlled match cohort, the players who suffered ACL tears started more games (p = 0.007), had higher minutes played per game (p = 0.003), more field goals per game (p = 0.04), more field goal attempts per game (p = 0.03), more 3-point attempts per game (p = 0.04), more rebounds per game (p = 0.04), more steals per game (p = 0.02), and more points per game (p = 0.02). WNBA guards and forward were more likely to tear their ACL, especially while driving to the basket during real game play. Additionally, players with higher playing times, rebounds, and steals per game had higher rates of ACL tears. However, there was no impact on their performance on season statistics after returning to sport.

Level of Evidence III.
Foreign direct investment, total factor productivity, and economic growth: evidence in middle-income countries
Authors: Le Hoa Thanh Phan , Pham Ha , Do Nga Thi Thu , Duong Khoa Dang
Published: October 2024

This study examines the relationship between foreign direct investment and total factor productivity on economic growth in 90 middle-income countries. Because middle-income countries often face particular challenges in achieving sustainable economic development. Investigating how FDI and TFP contribute to or hinder economic growth in these countries can provide insight and help policymakers make policy decisions. We employ the dynamic system Generalized Method of Moments to analyze an unbalanced sample with 2714 annual observations from 1990 to 2020. The empirical results show that a percentage increase in foreign direct investment will increase economic growth in middle-income countries by 9.3%. In addition, Total Factor Productivity also has a positive relationship with economic growth due to improved labor quality and production innovations. Furthermore, the results indicate that Total Factor Productivity empowers the positive nexus between Foreign Direct Investment and economic growth. In addition, the main findings are also robust even though we employ alternative economic growth proxies. These findings support economic growth and industrialization theories but do not support labor market dynamics theories. Finally, this study contributes practical suggestions for sustainable economic development in middle-income countries.
Identifying the antecedents for the green transformation of resource-exhausted cities in China
Authors: Feng Yanchao , Gao Yue , Pan Yuxi
Published: October 2024

To address the issue of green transformation in resource-exhausted cities, this study employs the Policy Modeling Consistency (PMC) index model to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the effectiveness of support policies execution at both central and local levels, covering 16 policies at the different administrative levels. Meanwhile, utilizing the fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) method, the study investigates the interaction mechanisms and effects of various internal and external factors in the context of policy coordination, from the perspective of green transformation condition configurations. The findings reveal that the overall effect of supporting policies for resource-exhausted cities in China is generally commendable. Moreover, there is a notable characteristic that “the lower the administrative level, the higher the quality of the support policies”. Notably, organizational, technological, environmental, and policy conditions alone cannot solely facilitate the green transition of resource-exhausted cities. Instead, it is the harmonious configuration of these antecedents that drives successful green transformation. Additionally, the configuration of antecedent conditions for green transformation exhibits the heterogeneity of different types. Specifically, the eastern region primarily relies on technological innovation and production process improvement, while the central region focuses on both production process improvement and support policy combinations. By contrast, the western region primarily emphasizes support policy combinations and the fostering of environmental conditions. Furthermore, the green transformation of resource-exhausted cities with coal and oil types mainly depends on the combination of policy support and technological innovation. Metal, forestry, and other types of resource-exhausted cities rely on the upgrading and advancement of industrial structures. In the grouped analysis of administrative level, innovation capability, and distance to the provincial capital city, cities with higher administrative levels, higher innovation capabilities, and closer proximity to the provincial capital city are more likely to achieve green transformation. Thereby, this study emphasizes the critical role of support policies and the identification of effective pathways in promoting the green transformation of resource-exhausted cities.
Green hotels visit intention among young adults: integrating the familiarity, novelty, trust, perceived risk, and theory of planned behaviour
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhang Qi , Ye Meng-Jie , Wong Philip Pong Weng , Gong Yue
Published: October 2024

Previous hospitality research typically focuses on consumers’ positive attitudes and intentions toward addressing an existing research gap in the literature on consumer attitude and behaviour in green hotel marketing. Those studies have frequently neglected to investigate the effects of negative attitudes and perspectives. This study aims to explore the relationships between seven indicators of perceived risk, familiarity, novelty, trust, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control, and intention to visit green hotels. A total of 606 questionnaires were collected and analysed using structural equation modelling. Results showed that perceived risk negatively influences trust, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control. Familiarity positively influences perceived risk but negatively influences attitude. Novelty negatively influences perceived risk and attitude, while trust positively influences attitude and intention. Subjective norm positively influences attitude, perceived behavioural control, and intention, and attitude influences intention. This study provides an alternative negative factor perspective on green hotel visitation using a theoretically driven approach.