bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Streamline Border Control with Blockchain Towards Self-Sovereign Identity
Authors: Koskela Pekka , Karinsalo Anni , Paananen Jori , Salmela Laura
Published: December 2022

Since the mid-2000s, the digitalisation of border checks has often referred to the increased adoption of automated border control (ABC) solutions at border crossing points in all border environments from air- ports and seaports to land border crossings. Key prerequisites for the operational implementations of the so-called eGates have been the electronic machine-readable travel document together with biometric technologies that have facilitated the automation of much of the tasks performed by border guards at manual control booths for selected groups of nationalities. Now, the next wave of major changes is emerging with the development of electronic identification (eID), with certain implementations particularly designed for crossborder use cases supplementing and possibly replacing the traditional physical identity document in a long-term future. The evolution of eID strongly aligns with the increased demands for data privacy to ensure that individuals can better control how much information is shared about themselves, with whom and for what purpose. One possible technology to provide the so-called data self-sovereignty is distributed ledger technology (DLT), including blockchains. DLT is being developed for instance by the Linux foundation, dispensing several distributed ledger projects and associated solutions for digital and self-sovereign identity. One of these projects is Hyperledger Indy. In this study, we present a distributed ledger implementation based on Hyperledger Indy applied as a border check use case. Our aim is to investigate the suitability of DLT in providing data self-sovereign facility in border checks, and to discuss the benefits and disadvantages the technology might entail for this security domain.
Women, ethnic minorities and local electoral success in Auckland, New Zealand
Authors: Webster Karen , Crothers Charles
Published: December 2022

This article examines the extent to which Auckland Council candidates and elected members have reflected the diversity of the unitary city’s population since the amalgamation in 2010 of eight former local authorities. The findings confirm that electoral candidates have become more ethnically and gender diverse at the local board level, but city-wide the trend away from New Zealand’s traditional European, male and older local representatives has been less pronounced. Overall the research presents an optimistic picture of post-reform representation in Auckland local democracy. There has been a significant increase in representation of women and Pacific and Asian people. However, the ongoing challenges facing Māori to achieve fair and effective representation in Auckland raise questions about the efficacy of the Local Electoral Act 2001, as the Auckland Council persistently chooses to retain first-past-the-post voting for its electoral system.
Designing and implementing a local residential property tax from scratch: lessons from the Republic of Ireland
Authors: Turley Gerard
Published: December 2022

Assigning recurrent taxes on immovable property to cities, municipalities, and rural districts is a common practice around the world. The Republic of Ireland is no different, with its annual taxes on real property assigned to local government. Following the 2008 financial crisis and the austerity era that ensued, Ireland’s property taxes underwent major reform, most notably the design and implementation of a new residential property tax 35 years after abolition of the previous system of ‘rates’ on residential properties. In this paper the new or different features of Ireland’s residential property tax are outlined, including the use of self-assessment and valuation bands, innovative payment methods and also the multiple compliance mechanisms for taxpayers. While recognising the importance of country-specific and local circumstances in property tax design, the paper concludes that elements of Ireland’s new residential property tax have potential lessons for other jurisdictions contemplating similar tax reform. These relate to the key tax principles of simplicity and public acceptability, and on specific design features of assessment and valuation, and collection and compliance.
ICANTILEVER ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES OF MODERN BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES WITH A UNIQUE IMAGE OF OVERCOMING GRAVITY
Authors:   International Educational Corporation, Issabayev G.А.
Published: December 2022

The article reveals the features of cantilever architectural structures on a number of examples from foreign and domestic author's architecture. The article reveals the features of cantilever architectural structures on a number of examples from foreign and domestic author's architecture. Architectural cantilever structures create a unique imagery of overcoming gravity and ignoring the static laws of building mechanics. Therefore, with the development of architectural and construction engineering technologies, modern architects have exceptional opportunities for designing buildings and structures with cantilever volumes of considerable size and weight. The objects of foreign and domestic architecture given in the article speak of the close collaboration of architects and designers, when the complex and laborious search for a special imagery of cantilever structures is inextricably linked with the tasks of a sustainable balance of extraordinary cantilever structures. From the given structural diagrams and volumetric compositional solutions of cantilever architecture objects, the following stand out: inclined "falling" type; solution in the form of a cantilever "loop"; "folding" of elongated buildings with cantilever extensions; "pulling" V -shaped in terms of design in a significant console. At the present stage in architectural and construction practice, such issues of the use of cantilever structures as: research in terms of optimizing their mass, taking into account stability; features of the impact of the design of cantilever structures in modern architecture; analysis of the structural safety of cantilever elements in conditions of extreme wind; cantilever structures in modern construction, etc. Images of buildings and structures that contradict the laws of statics become the leading volumetric compositional solution in a number of buildings of modern architecture.
ASPECTS OF REGIONAL DESIGN IN THE WORKS OF ALEXANDER SHCHIPKOV
Authors:   L. N. Gumilev Eurasian National University, Mamedov S.E.
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes Alexander Shchipkov's projects for the northern regions. Based on the analysis, its integrated approach is established, which takes into account all aspects of this territory, which contributes to the formation of a regional model of residential structures. As a result, a new regional typological unit appears – "Polar", which increases the comfort level of the residential environment of the northern regions of Russia.
ADAPTIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT ARCHITECTURE IN THE XXI CENTURY
Authors:   International Educational Corporation, Onishchenko Y. , Abdrassilova G. ,   International Educational Corporation
Published: December 2022

The article considers with the architecture of airports adapted to complex natural and anthropogenic conditions. The study has identified the methods used in modern architecture and engineering solutions to create sustainable airport complexes. Examples of artificial land formation, incorporation of dynamic structures and intelligent building management systems have been described as evolutionary solutions affecting the functioning of facilities.
INNOVATIVE TRENDS IN THE FORMATION OF INTERNAL EDUCATIONAL SPACES OF NEW SCHOOLS IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   L. N. Gumilev Eurasian National University, Sadykova S.Sh.
Published: December 2022

The article considers innovative trends in the formation of internal educational spaces of a new type of school in modern Kazakhstan. Based on specific examples of secondary education institutions built in the cities of Nur-Sultan and Almaty, new architectural and planning approaches to the creation of educational spaces and the features of their object-spatial solution and content are described and analyzed. Along with this, the article details the latest methods and principles in the formation of internal educational spaces, such as: transformation, mobility, adaptability, ergonomics, accessibility, energy efficiency, smart technologies, etc.
Technical Instructions for Utilizing Chicken Waste as A Bokashi Organic Fertilizer in Lepo-Lepo Village, Barug a District, Kendari City
Authors: Astuty Auza Fuji , Badaruddin Rusli , Azulyatno Hadini Hairil , Sandiah Natsir , Murlina Tasse Andi , Aka Rahim
Published: December 2022

Increasing the population of chickens nationally and regionally will increase the waste generated. If the waste is not managed properly, it has the potential to cause environmental pollution, especially from manure that is produced by livestock every day. Livestock rearing produces a lot of waste/manure which is abundant and has not been used properly by the community. Chicken is one of the animals or livestock whose livestock manure contains nutrients and organic matter which is quite high and has the potential to produce organic fertilizer which is needed for the maintenance of soil fertility. Organic fertilizers produced from the fermentation of organic materials such as compost and manure using the help of effective microorganism technology (EM4) are known as bokashi. The purpose of this activity is to provide guidance and counseling in managing and utilizing chicken manure waste as organic bokashi fertilizer as well as providing economic benefits and benefits to farmers/breeders. The activity approach method is carried out by (1) lectures and discussions about the prospects and benefits obtained from chicken manure processing technology, (2) demonstrations in providing in-depth understanding and introduction of ingredients used in the manufacture of organic bokashi fertilizer, (3) the practice of making organic bokashi fertilizer using EM4 technology. The counseling material presented received a positive response and the participants were quite enthusiastic, considering that so far, the manufacture of fertilizers has been carried out without a touch of technology. It was concluded that the practice of making organic bokashi fertilizer in addition to increasing livestock production can also increase the income of farmers from the sale of organic bokashi fertilizer.
Efforts To Improve Village Administration Services Through The Digital Mail Information System
Authors: Basuki Andi , Rahman Andrean Moch , Churiyah Madziatul , Adi Dharma Buyung , Ayu Sakdiyyah Dewi
Published: December 2022

The development of technology is currently growing so rapidly and is able to affect all aspects of human life, one of which is the administration of the Kambingan Village which must provide effective and efficient services to the community. This service activity aims to provide convenience for the Kambingan village community so that the management of correspondence can be faster and more precise. The service method used is using a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation studies. Based on the results of observations and interviews, it is known that the correspondence technology used so far is considered to be less effective and efficient where the processing of correspondence takes a long time. Therefore, as an effort to improve village administration services, a Macro Vba Excel-based correspondence administration information system was developed which can provide faster correspondence services than the technology used previously. The resulting product has proven to be effective in facilitating the work of village officials, especially in the process of managing correspondence. In addition, village officials do not have to worry about filling in the wrong data because the resident's biodata is filled in automatically.
Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları ve Sağlıklı Aile-Ebeveynlik Risk Faktörlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KARAÇAY Rabia , GÜLOĞLU Berna
Published: December 2022

Bu araştırmanın amaçlarından biri ebeveynlerdeki çocukluk çağı travma yaygınlığını belirlemektir. Çocukluk çağı travmasına maruz kalan ebeveynlerin sağlıklı aile-ebeveyn olmadaki risk faktörlerini incelemek ise diğer amaçtır. Çalışmanın örneklemini, kolay örnekleme yöntemiyle ulaşılan 5-17 yaş aralığında çocuğu olan 411 ebeveyn (314 anne, 97 baba) oluşturmuştur. Katılımcılara Demografik Bilgi Formu, Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları Ölçeği ve Sağlıklı Aile Ebeveynlik Envanteri çevrimiçi ortamda uygulanmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizinde frekans analizi ve Pearson ki-kare testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgulara göre ebeveynlerin ihmale/istismara uğrama oranları %6.8 ile %16.3 arasında değişmektedir. Duygusal ihmale maruz kalan ebeveynlerle duygusal ihmale maruz kalmayan ebeveynler arasında Sağlıklı Aile Ebeveynlik Envanteri’nin tüm alt boyutlarında anlamlı farklılık saptanmıştır. Ayrıca tüm ihmal ve istismar türlerinde Sağlıklı Aile Ebeveynlik Envanteri’nin depresyon ve rol memnuniyeti alt boyutlarında fark olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, çocukluk çağı travmalarının bireylerin hayatını etkilediği, bu etkinin ebeveynlik rolüne de yansıdığı görülmektedir. Bu deneyimlerin nesilden nesile aktarıldığı düşünüldüğünde ailelerle çalışan uzmanların çocukluk çağı travmalarını gözardı etmemesi gerekir.
Symbiotic effect of Bacillus clausii and Galacto-oligosaccharide on growth and survival rates in red cherry shrimp (Neocaridina davidi)
Authors: KAYA Doğukan , HERSİ Mursal Abdulkadir , GENÇ Ercüment , ARSLAN Hacer Özlem
Published: December 2022

In this 30-day experiment, the effect of probiotics (Bacillus clausii, commercial probiotics: Enterogermina) and prebiotics (Galactooligosaccharides, GOS) on the growth of red cherry shrimp (Neocaridina davidi) has been investigated for 30 days. The trial was conducted with 270 red cherry shrimps (initial weight: 0.24±0.03 g) in 27 plastic tanks (volume 0.01 m3 and area of 0.05 m2) representing 9 groups. Except for the control group, diets were supplemented with either GOS or synbiotics per kg of feed as G1 (1g GOS), G2 (2g GOS), G3 (3g GOS), G4 (4g GOS), G1P (1g GOS+ 1 ml probiotic), G2P (2 g GOS+ 1 ml probiotic), G3P (3 g GOS+ 1 ml probiotic) and G4P (4 g GOS+ 1 ml probiotic). This study showed significantly (P< 0.05) higher growth rate indices of male and female shrimps fed with feed additives groups compared to the control group. The highest final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate in male shrimps were recorded from the 2 g GOS+ 1 ml probiotic and 3 g GOS+ 1 ml probiotic groups. Similarly, the highest final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate in the female shrimps were found in the G1P and G2P synbiotic groups. Conversely, the lowest final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate of both the female and male groups were noted in the control groups. Regarding feed conversion ratio and survival rates of both female and male shrimps, G2P and G3P groups showed significant improvements. Regarding our study's findings, 2 g GOS and 1 ml of Bacillus clausii (commercial probiotic: Enterogermina) dietary synbiotics can be used to improve red cherry shrimp growth rates.
Kombinasi Steganografi LSB dan Kriptografi AES dalam Sekuriti Teks Rahasia Pada Citra Berwarna
Authors: Chaerul Umam  , Muslih Muslih  , Daffa Fadillah
Published: December 2022

Ketergantungan terhadap teknologi sebagai alat untuk melakukan dan membantu manusia dalam mengerjakanbanyak hal dan instan, membuat penggunaan teknologi menjadi semakin massif dan seringkali terjadipenyalahgunaan terhadap teknologi. Penggunaan yang massif dalam skala besar-besaran dan tidak terkontrolmembuat teknologi menjadi media yang rawan akan tindakan kriminal dan illegal. Faktor keamanan data menjadisuatu hal yang sangat penting dan harus dipertimbangkan terkait dengan semakin tingginya tingkat pertukaran data.Oleh sebab itu penulis memiliki gagasan dalam pengamanan data dengan menggabungkan teknologi kriptografi dansteganografi. Pemanfaatan algoritma kriptografi Advanced Encryption Standard dan steganografi Least SignificantBit diharapkan mampu untuk membantu dalam pengamanan data di era saat ini.
PENGARUH RELIGIUSITAS DAN KUALITAS LAYANAN TERHADAP MINAT DAN KEPUTUSAN MASYARAKAT MEMBAYAR ZAKAT MELALUI PLATFORM DIGITAL PADA YAYASAN PENGELOLA ZAKAT DI SURABAYA
Authors: Erwan Aristyanto  , Agus Sarwo Edi
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan pengaruh religiusitas dankualitas layanan terhadap minat dan keputusan masyarakat membayar zakat melalui platform digital.Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruhmasyarakat yang membayar zakat melalui platform digital dengan sampel yang digunakan ada sebanyak97 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dandata lainnya. Analisis data menggunakan analisis SPSS dengan tujuan menguji variabel religiusitas (X1),variabel kualitas pelayanan (X2), variabel keputusan masyarakat membayar zakat melalui platform digital(Y1) dan minat masyarakat dalam membayar zakat melalui platform digital (Y2). Hasil Penelitian inimenunjukkan bahwa variabel religiusitas dan variabel kualitas layanan sangat berpengaruh terhadapminat dan keputusan masyarakat membayar zakat melalui platform digital karena membuat masyarakatlebih mudah dalam membayar zakat yang bisa di lakukan kapan saja dan dimana saja.
Inferring and evaluating satellite-based constraints on NOx emissions estimates in air quality simulations
Authors: East James D. , Henderson Barron H. , Napelenok Sergey L. , Koplitz Shannon N. , Sarwar Golam , Gilliam Robert , Lenzen Allen , Tong Daniel Q. , Pierce R. Bradley , Garcia-Menendez Fernando
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Satellite observations of tropospheric NO2 columns can provide top-down observational constraints on emissions estimates of nitrogen oxides (NOx). Mass-balance-based methods are often applied for this purpose but do not isolate near-surface emissions from those aloft, such as lightning emissions. Here, we introduce an inverse modeling
framework that couples satellite chemical data assimilation to a chemical
transport model. In the framework, satellite-constrained emissions totals
are inferred using model simulations with and without data assimilation in
the iterative finite-difference mass-balance method. The approach improves
the finite-difference mass-balance inversion by isolating the near-surface
emissions increment. We apply the framework to separately estimate lightning and anthropogenic NOx emissions over the Northern Hemisphere for 2019. Using overlapping observations from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), we compare separate NOx emissions inferences from these satellite instruments, as well as the impacts of emissions changes on modeled NO2 and O3. OMI inferences of anthropogenic emissions consistently lead to larger emissions than TROPOMI inferences, attributed to a low bias in TROPOMI NO2 retrievals. Updated lightning NOx emissions from either satellite improve the chemical transport model's low tropospheric O3 bias. The combined lighting and anthropogenic emissions updates improve the model's ability to reproduce measured ozone by adjusting natural, long-range, and local pollution contributions. Thus, the framework informs and supports the design of domestic and international control strategies.
Evaluation of statistical climate reconstruction methods based on pseudoproxy experiments using linear and machine-learning methods
Authors: Zhang Zeguo , Wagner Sebastian , Klockmann Marlene , Zorita Eduardo
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Three different climate field reconstruction (CFR) methods are employed to reconstruct spatially resolved North Atlantic–European (NAE) and Northern Hemisphere (NH) summer temperatures over the past millennium from proxy records. These are tested in the framework of pseudoproxy experiments derived from two climate simulations with comprehensive Earth system models. Two of these methods are traditional multivariate linear methods (principal component regression, PCR, and canonical correlation analysis, CCA), whereas the third method (bidirectional long short-term memory neural network, Bi-LSTM) belongs to the category of machine-learning methods. In contrast to PCR and CCA, Bi-LSTM does not need to assume a linear and temporally stable relationship between the underlying proxy network and the target climate field. In addition, Bi-LSTM naturally incorporates information about the serial correlation of the time series. Our working hypothesis is that the Bi-LSTM method will achieve a better reconstruction of the amplitude of past temperature variability. In all tests, the calibration period was set to the observational period, while the validation period was set to the pre-industrial centuries. All three methods tested herein achieve reasonable reconstruction performance on both spatial and temporal scales, with the exception of an overestimation of the interannual variance by PCR, which may be due to overfitting resulting from the rather short length of the calibration period and the large number of predictors. Generally, the reconstruction skill is higher in regions with denser proxy coverage, but it is also reasonably high in proxy-free areas due to climate teleconnections. All three CFR methodologies generally tend to more strongly underestimate the variability of spatially averaged temperature indices as more noise is introduced into the pseudoproxies. The Bi-LSTM method tested in our experiments using a limited calibration dataset shows relatively worse reconstruction skills compared to PCR and CCA, and therefore our working hypothesis that a more complex machine-learning method would provide better reconstructions for temperature fields was not confirmed. In this particular application with pseudoproxies, the implied link between proxies and climate fields is probably close to linear. However, a certain degree of reconstruction
performance achieved by the nonlinear LSTM method shows that skill can be
achieved even when using small samples with limited datasets, which
indicates that Bi-LSTM can be a tool for exploring the suitability of
nonlinear CFRs, especially in small data regimes.
Effects of a biased LAI data assimilation system on hydrological variables and carbon uptake over Europe
Authors: Scherrer Samuel , De Lannoy Gabriëlle , Heyvaert Zdenko , Bechtold Michel , Albergel Clement , El-Madany Tarek S. , Dorigo Wouter
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Data assimilation (DA) of remotely sensed leaf area index (LAI) can help to improve land surface model estimates of energy, water, and carbon variables. So far, most studies have used bias-blind LAI DA approaches, i.e.\\ without correcting for biases between model forecasts and observations. This might hamper the performance of the DA algorithms in the case of large biases in either observations or simulations, or both. We perform bias-blind and bias-aware DA of the Copernicus Global Land Service LAI into the Noah-MP land surface model forced by the ERA5 reanalysis over Europe in the 2002–019 period, and evaluate how the choice of bias correction affects estimates of gross primary productivity (GPP), evapotranspiration (ET), runoff, and soil moisture. In areas with a large LAI bias, the bias-blind LAI DA leads to a reduced bias between observed and modelled LAI, an improved agreement of GPP, ET, and runoff estimates with independent products, but a worse agreement of soil moisture estimates with the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative (ESA CCI) soil moisture product. Bias-blind LAI DA can also lead to unrealistic shifts in soil moisture climatologies, for example when the assimilated LAI data in irrigated areas are much higher than those simulated without any irrigation activated. Furthermore, the bias-blind LAI DA produces a pronounced sawtooth pattern due to model drift between update steps. This model drift also propagates to short-term estimates of GPP and ET, and to internal DA diagnostics that indicate a suboptimal DA system performance. The bias-aware approaches based on a priori rescaling of LAI observations to the model climatology avoid the negative effects of the bias-blind assimilation. They retain the improvements of GPP anomalies from the bias-blind DA, but forego improvements in the root mean square deviation (RMSD) of GPP, ET, and runoff. As an alternative to rescaling, we discuss the implications of our results for model calibration or joint parameter and state update DA, which has the potential to combine bias reduction with optimal DA system performance.
Upper ocean temperature characteristics in the subantarctic Southeast Pacific based on biomarker reconstructions
Authors: Hagemann Julia Rieke , Lembke-Jene Lester , Lamy Frank , Vorrath Maria-Elena , Kaiser Jérôme , Müller Juliane , Arz Helge W. , Hefter Jens , Jaeschke Andrea , Ruggieri Nicoletta , Tiedemann Ralf
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Alkenones and Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraether lipids (GDGT) as remnants of living organisms are widely used biomarkers for determining past oceans’ water temperatures. The organisms these proxy carriers stem from, are influenced by a number of environmental parameters, such as water depth, nutrient availability, light conditions or seasonality, which all may significantly bias the calibration to ambient water temperatures. Reliable temperature determinations remain thus challenging, especially in higher latitudes and for under-sampled regions. We analyzed 33 sediment surface samples from the Southern Chilean continental margin and the Drake Passage for alkenones and GDGTs and compared the results with gridded instrumental reference data from the World Ocean Atlas 2005 (WOA05), as well as previously published data from an extended study area covering the Central and Western South Pacific towards the New Zealand continental margin. We show that for alkenone-derived SSTs, the widely-used global core-top calibration of Müller et al. (1998) yields the smallest residuals, whereas the calibration of Sikes et al. (1997), adapted to higher latitudes and supposed to show summer SSTs, overestimates modern WOA05-based (summer and annual mean) SSTs. Our alkenone SSTs show a slight seasonal shift of ~1 °C at the Southern Chilean Margin and up to ~2 °C in the Drake Passage towards austral summer SSTs, whereas samples in the Central South Pacific reflect an annual mean signal. We show that for GDGT-based temperatures, a more complex pattern emerges. In areas north of the Subantarctic Front (SAF) the subsurface calibration of Kim et al. (2012a) best reflects temperatures from the WOA05, largely within the margin error of ±2.2 °C. Temperatures south of the SAF instead are significantly overestimated by up to 14 °C, irrespective of the applied calibration. Based on a qualitative assessment of the GDGT [2] / [3]-ratios, which likely indicate water depth of origin, our samples reflect a subsurface (0 to 200 m water depth) rather than a surface (0–50 m water depth) signal. The overestimation of surface and subsurface temperatures south of the SAF highlights the need for a re-assessment of existing calibrations in the polar Southern Ocean, and leads to limitations in reliably both obtaining absolute values and assessing relative changes. Therefore, we suggest a modified Southern Ocean calibration for surface and subsurface GDGT-based temperatures, which shows a lower temperature sensitivity of the TEXL86 and yields principally lower absolute temperatures, which align more closely with WOA05-derived values.
Deep-water hydrodynamic observations of two moorings sites on the continental slope of the southern Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea)
Authors: Paladini de Mendoza Francesco , Schroeder Katrin , Langone Leonardo , Chiggiato Jacopo , Borghini Mireno , Giordano Patrizia , Verazzo Giulio , Miserocchi Stefano
Published: December 2022

Abstract. This work presents an 8-years-long dataset of monitoring activities conducted on the western margin of the southern Adriatic Sea where two moorings
have been placed since 2012 in sites that are representative of different morpho-dynamic conditions of the continental slope (open slope
vs. submarine canyon). The dataset includes measurements conducted with both current meters and conductivity, temperature and depth (CTD) probes, and it provides information about the
hydrodynamics and thermohaline properties of the last 100 m of the water column. The hydrodynamics in both sites are dominated by weak currents
(< 0.1 m s−1) which undergo yearly to episodic pulsation able to exceed intensity greater than 0.5 m s−1, which are
linked to the passage of dense waters. The 8-years records presented here represent a starting point for the continuous observation activity set
up on occasion of the “Operation Dense Water” in 2012 focussed on the southern Adriatic deep-water dynamics. Since then, the observatory has been
ongoing since 2012 and the database is regularly updated. All the data described here are made publicly available from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6770201
(Paladini de Mendoza et al., 2022) and are compliant with the FAIR principles (findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable).
Transformation of geological sciences and geological engineering field methods course to remote delivery using manual, virtual, and blended tools in fall 2020
Authors: Day Jennifer Jane
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Geological (Engineering) Field Methods (GEOE/L 221) is a core course for two programs at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, Canada, where students learn foundational knowledge, skills, and methods to conduct fieldwork that is used to investigate geological and geological engineering aspects of the Earth. Typically, this fall-term course involves weekly field trips in the Kingston area to visit a variety of rock outcrops to learn and practice methods of field navigation, observation, and
measurement. Remote delivery of this course in fall 2020 due to COVID-19,
without in-person field trips, required a significant transformation, which
included creating field and demonstration instructional videos, using 3D
digital photogrammetry models of rock samples and outcrops, developing
independent outdoor activities for pace and compass navigation, manual
sketching, and graphical measurements on paper, and utilizing a culminating
immersive 3D video-game-style geological field mapping exercise. This paper
examines these new course elements, how well the course learning objectives
were achieved in a remote setting, and the successes and limitations of
remote delivery. Although many new virtual elements enhance the course, and
some have been incorporated into subsequent in-person offerings, a return to in-person teaching for geological sciences and geological engineering field methods courses is strongly recommended.
An ensemble Kalman filter-based ocean data assimilation system improved by adaptive observation error inflation (AOEI)
Authors: Ohishi Shun , Miyoshi Takemasa , Kachi Misako
Published: December 2022

Abstract. A previous study proposed an adaptive observation error inflation (AOEI)
method for an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF)-based atmospheric data assimilation
system to assimilate all-sky infrared brightness temperatures. Brightness
temperature differences between clear- and cloudy-sky radiances are large,
and observation-minus-forecast differences (or innovations) are therefore
likely to be large around boundaries between clear- and cloudy-sky regions.
The AOEI method mitigates these discrepancies by adaptively inflating
observation errors. Ocean frontal regions have similar characteristics to
the borders between clear- and cloudy-sky regions with large innovations.
Consequently, we have implemented the AOEI with an EnKF-based regional ocean
data assimilation system, in which the assimilation interval is set to 1 d to utilize frequent satellite observations. We conducted sensitivity
experiments to investigate the impacts of the AOEI on salinity structure,
geostrophic balance, and accuracy. A control run, in which the AOEI is not
applied, shows the degradation of low-salinity North Pacific Intermediate
Water around the Kuroshio Extension region, where the innovation amplitude
and forecast ensemble spread are large in association with the fronts and
eddies. The resulting large temperature and salinity increments weaken the
density stratification, leading to large vertical diffusivity. As a result,
the low-salinity water in the intermediate layer is lost through strong
vertical diffusion. When the AOEI is used, the salinity structure in the
ocean interior is preserved because the AOEI suppresses the salinity
degradation by reducing the temperature and salinity increments. We also
demonstrate that the AOEI provides significant improvement of the
geostrophic balance and the analysis accuracy of temperature, salinity, and
surface-flow fields.
Decadal variations of European windstorms: linking research to insurance applications
Authors: Cusack Stephen
Published: December 2022

Abstract. The insurance sector is affected by decadal-scale variations in annual European windstorm losses amounting to a few billion euros, yet has not applied recent advances in understanding and predicting this variability to their pricing of windstorm risk. This is mainly due to an unknown relation between insured wind losses and meteorological definitions of storminess used in research. This study aimed to reduce this uncertainty. A history of windstorm insurance losses over the past 72 years was developed from winds in weather reanalyses. Then, typical storm proxies used by researchers, such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Arctic Oscillation, were compared to the new windstorm loss record. The relationship between the proxies and losses has two distinct regimes: highly consistent from 1950 up to the 2000s, then a divergence in the past 10 to 15 years. The recent separation is large and robust, with high confidence that modern values of researchers’ proxies approach levels last seen 30 years ago, whereas decadal-mean losses are far lower today than in the 1980s and ‘90s. The cause of this divergence was explored. Storm damages are most closely associated with peak gusts deriving their momentum from winds in the free troposphere, and pressure gradients at the surface used in typical climate indices can only partially describe higher level winds. Based on this reasoning, a new Hemispheric Geostrophy Index (HGI) was defined as the difference in 700 hPa heights between the tropics and the Arctic. It was found to vary coherently with decadal losses in the past, and crucially retains this consistency in the past 15 years too. Breaking down the HGI into component parts revealed that lower storminess in recent times is linked to ongoing reductions in poleward baroclinicity. Further development of loss history and climate indices would help bridge decadal research to insurance applications.
Emergence timing and voltinism of phantom midges, Chaoborus spp., in the UK
Authors: Cockroft Robert J. G. , Jenkins W. Richard , Irwin Anthony G. , Norman Steve , Brown Kevin C.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Phantom midges, Chaoborus spp. (Diptera: Chaoboridae), are an
important taxon in environmental risk assessment of plant protection products due to the sensitivity of their larvae to insecticides. To aid
modelling of population responses to xenobiotic exposure, information on
emergence timing and voltinism is needed, but definitive evidence to support
these parameters is lacking in the literature. We investigated emergence
timing of overwintering Chaoborus larvae and the number of life cycles occurring per year in two separate, mesh-enclosed outdoor microcosm experiments in the spring and summer of 2017. Emergence from overwintering larvae of a population of predominantly C. obscuripes (99.68 %) commenced on 13 April and peaked on 2 May. The majority of emergence was completed by 3 June. Emergence success ranged from 51.4 % to 66.2 %, indicating that for overwintered C. obscuripes larvae, adults emerged contemporaneously in spring, rather than sporadically over the course of spring and summer. A population of C. crystallinus larvae produced up to four discrete generations over the spring and summer months (i.e. were confirmed to be multivoltine), with life cycle durations (egg-to-egg) ranging from 14 to 56 d. The differences in life cycle strategy observed in this study have implications for assessment of the capacity of populations of Chaoborus spp. to recover if there are localised impacts due to insecticide exposure or other stressors.
Global Streaming Strategy Assessment
Authors: Lotz Amanda , Eklund Oliver
Published: December 2022

The Global Streaming Strategy Assessment identifies the range of sectors emerging in the streaming video marketplace. It identifies how key conditions such as ownership and underlying technology norms shape different experiences by country and the characteristics that organise distinct sectors of service. The assessment uses data about the composition of service libraries to identify different strategies and value propositions on offer.
الحجاج في القرآن الكريم (قصة موسى والخضر -عليهما السلام- أنموذجا)
Authors:   ماجستير، قسم اللغة العربية، كلية الآداب والعلوم، جامعة قطر، دولة قطر, عبد الرحمن الخضير
Published: December 2022

يدرس هذا البحث الكشف عن جوانب حجاجية جديدة تساعد في تعميق البحث في سورة الكهف بشكل عام وقصة موسى والخضر على وجه الخصوص. اعتمدت في هذا البحث على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، نسبر أغوار الظاهرة الحجاجية ونربطها بالنص القرآني، ثم نرى مدى مطابقتها له، من خلال دراسة الأسلوب القصصي والواقعي والكشف عن الطرق الإقناعية في الحوار الإقناعي. تناولت في هذا البحث مفهوم الحجاج من حيث اللغة والاصطلاح، وحاولت أن أوضح مدى الاختلاف الحاصل بين العلماء والدارسين قديما وحديثا في تحديد المراد بالحجاج، وبينت أنواع الحجاج، وذلك اعتمادا على تعريفاته عند العلماء والباحثين. ووضعته تحت عنوان: الطرق الحجاجية وقصة موسى والخضر، وفيه مطلبان: المطلب الأول: بينت فيه الأسلوب الحجاجي المتبع في قصة موسى والخضر. المطلب الثاني: خصصته لتبيان حجة روابط التتابع أو التعاقب في قصة موسى والخضر. وتكمن أهمية الحجاج فيما يولده من اقتناع لدى المتلقي، الذي لا يتأتى له إلا باستعمال اللغة، مما يؤكد أن نظرية الحجاج في اللغة تنطلق من فكرة أننا نتكلم عامة بقصد التأثير، وأن الوظيفة الأساسية للغة هي الحجاج، وأن المعنى ذو طبيعة حجاجية. ويهدف هذا البحث إلى الكشف عن جوانب حجاجية جديدة تساعد في تعميق البحث في سورة الكهف بشكل عام وقصة موسى والخضر على وجه الخصوص. كما يهدف كذلك إلى إثراء الدراسات القرآنية والدراسات المتعلقة بالتفسير البلاغي والحجاجي. فضلا عن أنه يسعى إلى فتح الآفاق أمام الباحثين والدارسين للوقوف على أساليب القرآن الكريم في الحجاج، والنظر في مراميه ومقاصده. وقد توصل البحث إلى عدة نتائج أهمها: أن هناك خلاف كبير بين العلماء قديما وحديثا حول تحديد مفهوم للحجاج، هل هو مرادف للجدل والمناظرة أم خلافهما؟. أهم ما تقوم عليه الدراسة الحجاجية في القرآن الكريم، هو تقديم الأطروحات التي تدعو العقول إلى التدبر الموضوعي والواعي بغية الاقتناع وبناء الرأي المعقول.
LOCAL COMMUNITIES IN RURAL AREA AS A FORM OF CIVIL ACTIVITY: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   KazISS under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Zholdybalina Alua , Akhmetzharov Slyamzhar ,   KazISS under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Toktarov Yermek ,   KazISS under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: December 2022

Within the framework of the article, an analysis of international experience in the development of local communities was carried out, the implementation of individual social projects to increase the capacity of local communities in rural areas of Kazakhstan was considered, and, according to an expert survey, the main tools for involving rural citizens in the decision-making process at the local level were studied. In addition, recommendations are presented to increase the capacity of local communities in rural areas.
MIGRATION AND SOCIAL ADAPTATION OF INTERNAL MIGRANTS AND STUDENTS IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Executive visitor Scholar of Maxwell Scholl of Citizenship and Public Affairs of Syra-cuse University, USA, Sadvokassova Aigul , Kazmirkevich Petr ,   MA international expert of IOM, Poland, Baglay Bauyrzhan ,   Academy  of  Public  Administration under  the  President  of  the  Republic  of  Kazakhstan, Muslimova Korlan ,   E .A . Buketov Karaganda University
Published: December 2022

This article discusses the issues of internal migration in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The researchers based on a secondary analysis of data obtained by as part of an assessment of the resettlement program initiated and supported by the International Organization for Migration in 2021. The social adaptation of internally displaced persons and students, their integration into the host society, as well as public policy was studied in the field of migration and management of migration processes in the country. The methodological basis of the study was the results of a sociological survey of migrants (N=354), in-depth interviews with specialists from employment centers, civil servants working in the regions of arrival and departure and in central ministries, a survey of students (N=150) of the “Serpin” program.
The University Students’ Awareness of Hyperreality on Social Media and Problematic Social Media Usage: A Qualitative Study
Authors: KARCI Huri Deniz
Published: December 2022

How social media has changed people’s perception of reality is a question of debate in recent years. Excessive social media usage particularly among young people has begun to worry parents, educators and youth researchers. Hence; the study aims to detect how young people are aware of their social media usage and their ability to differentiate the reality between social media and their normal life. The 3rd grade Graphic Design students, consisting 30 persons of population, in a university in Konya started a social responsibility project called “ThisIsNotYourLife” in the first term of 2021-2022 academic year. Regarding the fact that those students have an awareness in a certain extent, the sample was crewed from this population. 27 of the population participated in the study to make an in-depth interview. Thematic analysis was employed depending on Baudrillard’s Simulations Theory and Griffiths’ addiction variables used in the BSMAS as SM addiction components. The study concluded young people could hold a balance between the reality of their normal life and social media life and control their social media usage if they are given an awareness task or training. The study is thought to make contributions to social media usage research and professionals who work on young people’s addiction behavior.
Contemporary Methods, Forms and Tools of Terrorist Activity in the Countries of the European Union
Authors:   The University of Public Safety and Individual ", Stelmach Jarosław ,   Apeiron",   in Krakow
Published: December 2022

The article aims to present the nature and typology of terrorist attacks taking into account the contemporary conditions of the security environment of the European Union. The author describes the leading methods, forms and tools of contemporary terrorist attacks carried out on the territory of the Community countries. He bases on the latest reports and analyses of the leading security institutions, both in the national and regional dimensions. These data are complemented by analyses of selected terrorist attacks, which allow us to draw additional conclusions and generalizations. The article is innovative due to the specific approach to the threat of terrorist attacks, allowing the reader to easily recognize the leading methods of terrorist struggle and examples of their use. The value of the article is its topicality and focus on the subject of the modus operandi of perpetrators. Thanks to that, the content of the text may constitute a real source of knowledge on the nature of contemporary attacks and trends in their evolution. Due to the utilitarian character of the content, the text may be addressed both to scientists and practitioners performing tasks in the area of counterterrorist operations. An additional advantage of the work is the use of a wide spectrum of doctrine in the area under study, which translates into the possibility of getting acquainted with a variety of opinions of experts and scientists. In the article, the reader will also find a summary of selected opinions on the development of the phenomenon of terrorism and terrorist attacks, which can be a source of knowledge when designing future anti-terrorism solutions.
Towards sustainability: The effect of industries on CO2 emissions
Authors: Ghasemi Morteza , Rajabi Mohammad Sadra , Aghakhani Sina
Published: December 2022

During the last decades, environmental crises through energy consumption and economic growth were noticed as a growing concern among researchers. The industrial sector is the main part of economic growth in each country using conservative energy and emitting carbon dioxide that causes global warming. The Paris agreement and Kyoto protocol were two agreements to prevent governments from emitting CO2 freely. Purpose of this research was to investigate the cement industry, steel industry, and automobile industry products’ effects on CO2 emissions in Iran and to rank them according to their measured effects on CO2 emissions. The methodology used in this study was to estimate equations with CO2 emissions as a dependent variable and cement, steel, and automobile industries’ products with ordinary least squares (OLS) and generalized moment method (GMM) approaches. Stationary, Johansen cointegration, Durbin-Watson, Breusch-Godfrey, Chow breakpoint, and normal residual tests were checked. In-sample forecasting was implemented to check the precision of the estimation and an updated ranking was reported as a final result to consider which industry has affected CO2 emissions more than the others per unit of production cost. In conclusion, the cement industry, steel industry, and automobile industry had the most positive effects on CO2 emissions, respectively. This result is suitable to prioritize the industries for enhancing green technology and optimizing industrial production for a more sustainable economy.
Linguistic Glocalization as a Promotional Strategy by Multi-National Fast-Food Chains: A Case Of Pakistan
Authors: Noor Amna , Yasir Hafiz Syed Muhammad
Published: December 2022

This research discusses that how international fast food chains use glocal strategies for promoting and localizing their brands in Pakistan. The major source, that these fast food chains use, is advertisements, and their focus is on the language of the target country. The purpose is to investigate the language of advertisements and how they use local language in special events of Pakistan, and thus promote their products through local language in advertisements. Qualitative research approach has been used for the analysis of advertisements and to answer the research questions. The concepts of universalizing and particularizing tendencies by Ronald (1980) and the theory of ‘Cultural Glocality’ by Fernandez (2009) with some modifications, have been used as a theoretical framework. For this purpose, top three international fast food chains such as, McDonald’s, KFC, and Pizza Hut have been selected. All the advertisements fromJanuary 2021 to June 2021 have been collected for this research. Findings reveal that international fast food chains are more popular in Pakistan because of the language they use in their advertisements to attract and convey their message to their customers. After analyzing the data, it is concluded that the main glocal strategies are the use of the local language(s), code switching, use of location, use of cultural and religious events and language features, which they exhibit through their advertisements. By using local language, they promote their products and at the same time localize themselves in Pakistan.