bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gendered images of international research collaboration
Authors: Zippel Kathrin
Published: February 2018

Joan Acker's theory on gendered organizations offers important tools for understanding subtler forms of inequalities and gendered practices in the workplace. According to Acker, invisible mechanisms in organizations such as the symbolic and material/structural aspects of organizations reproduce gendered inequalities. My application of Acker's theory demonstrates how imagery itself assigns value to collaborative practices in gender stereotypical ways. In an institutional context that devalues international research collaboration among faculty, gendered images of exploiter, patronizing helper, partner, or friend ultimately serve to construct glass fences ‐ obstacles to international collaborative engagement ‐ particularly for women. The reflection and potential recreation of gendered inequalities among academics simultaneously reconstructs inequalities between the U.S. and abroad, as institutional reward structures attach gendered symbolic and material values that (re)shape (international) collaborations themselves. Together, these processes construct the gendered organization of global science and academia.
Clinical use of recombinant factor VIII Fc and recombinant factor IX Fc in patients with haemophilia A and B
Authors: Wang C. , Young G.
Published: February 2018

Introduction

Although clinical trials have demonstrated extended half‐life (EHL) VIII and IX fusion proteins to be safe and efficacious in patients with haemophilia A and B, studies on real‐world clinical application have not been performed.

Aim

To retrospectively examine the real‐world experience of rFVIII Fc and rFIX Fc in patients.

Methods

A retrospective review of existing medical records of patients with haemophilia A or haemophilia B who had been prescribed rFVIII Fc or rFIX Fc was conducted from the Children's Hospital Los Angeles Haemostasis and Thrombosis Centre database.

Results

A total of 36 male subjects enroled in the study (17 patients with haemophilia A and 19 patients with haemophilia B; 0‐18 years of age, N = 27; >18 years of age, N = 9). Patients had a reduction of their ABR and AJBR following initiation of EHL factors. For patients with haemophilia A, the ABR and ABJR fell from 2.3 and 1.8 to 1.3 and 0.71, respectively. For patients with haemophilia B, the ABR and ABJR fell from 2.5 and 2.1 to 0.82 and 0.37, respectively. Five of 36 patients reverted from EHL back to standard half‐life (SHL) factor treatment. Overall, treatment with EHL factors reduced factor consumption by nearly half compared to treatment with SHL factors in patients with haemophilia B.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates the largely successful transition of 36 patients from SHL to EHL factor products.
CROSS‐BORDER MARRIAGE COSTS AND MARRIAGE BEHAVIOR: THEORY AND EVIDENCE
Authors: Weiss Yoram , Yi Junjian , Zhang Junsen
Published: February 2018

This article analyzes cross‐border marriages between mainland China and Hong Kong (HK). We examine the effects of a reduction in cross‐border marriage costs following an increase in marriage‐migration quotas and the handover of HK to China. We find that cross‐border marriages mainly involve men from the low tail of the HK attribute distribution. We also find that HK women's position in the marriage market and within households deteriorated following the reduction in cross‐border marriage costs and that their disadvantaged position exerts an incentive effect on their labor market behavior. These outcomes are consistent with our matching model.
Disseminated actinomycetoma due to Nocardia wallacei
Authors: Welsh Oliverio , Salinas‐Carmona Mario C. , Brown‐Elliott Barbara A. , Smith Terry , Cardenas‐De La Garza Jesus A. , Wallace Richard J.
Published: February 2018

Background

Actinomycetoma caused by Nocardia usually responds well to antibiotics. Emerging species of Nocardia, such as N. wallacei, can be a therapeutic challenge.

Aims

Confirm the therapeutic effectivity of linezolid in multidrug resistant Nocardia Wallacei actinomycetoma.

Materials and Methods

We evaluated the medical management of an 18‐year‐old man with multidrug resistant actinomycetoma of the left leg caused by N. transvalensis complex treated 17 years ago with linezolid 1200 mg a day. This bacteria was recently reclassified as Nocardia Wallacei by specific molecular biology technique.

Results

The infection was cured after 3 months of treatment; the patient remained asymptomatic for the past 17 years. No adverse effects were found.

Discussion

Frequently, strains of N. transvalensis complex have aminoglycoside resistance; in this case, we highlight the effectiveness of linezolid for the successful medical management of multidrug resistant actinomycetoma.

Conclusion

Linezolid can be an alternative for the treatment of multidrug resistant Nocardia Wallacei.
Emigration of Poles to the United Kingdom: history, present state and future prospects
Authors: Mąkosa Paweł Michał
Published: February 2018

The history of Polish immigration within the United Kingdom is several centuries old. Yet never in its history was such a mass migration as that after the Polish accession to the EU in 2004. During the over ten years that followed, almost a million Poles chose to settle in the United Kingdom. This article reviews and analyses past and present Polish emigration to the United Kingdom. It provides answers to questions regarding who the Polish immigrants are, what work they perform and how they have integrated within British society. It also considers the factors that have influenced the future dynamics of migration from Poland. Based on these, we have formed the hypothesis that while the years of 2004‐2016 saw, statistically, the largest emigration from Poland to the United Kingdom in recorded history, in the future, the number of Polish expatriates living in the United Kingdom will drop or at least the number of newcomers will decrease.
Creating a multilayered representational ‘package’ for subcontracted workers: the case of cleaners at Ben‐Gurion University
Authors: Preminger Jonathan
Published: February 2018

Research into the organising of subcontracted workers tends to focus on how such campaigns contribute to union revitalisation, the shortcomings of non‐union organisations in comparison with classic unionism and opposition rather than complementarity between strategies. Analysing the organising of subcontracted cleaners at a university, this article shifts this focus, evaluating the campaign in terms of how it assisted the workers, regardless of whether it contributed to union renewal, and in terms of complementarity between new and traditional industrial relations actors. Drawing on the power resources approach, it asserts that collaboration across different ‘paths to representation’ can create a multilayered representational ‘package’ in which different organisations with different power resources take on different aspects of what was once a (single) union's role, covering each other's shortcomings in a kind of de facto representational ‘division of labour’.
Epidemiology of seasonal influenza in the Middle East and North Africa regions, 2010‐2016: Circulating influenza A and B viruses and spatial timing of epidemics
Authors: Caini Saverio , El‐Guerche Séblain Clotilde , Ciblak Meral A. , Paget John
Published: February 2018

Background

There is a limited knowledge regarding the epidemiology of influenza in Middle East and North Africa.

Objectives

We described the patterns of influenza circulation and the timing of seasonal epidemics in countries of Middle East and North Africa.

Methods

We used virological surveillance data for 2010‐2016 from the WHO FluNet database. In each country, we calculated the median proportion of cases that were caused by each virus type and subtype; determined the timing and amplitude of the primary and secondary peaks; and used linear regression models to test for spatial trends in the timing of epidemics.

Results

We included 70 532 influenza cases from seventeen countries. Influenza A and B accounted for a median 76.5% and 23.5% of cases in a season and were the dominant type in 86.8% and 13.2% of seasons. The proportion of influenza A cases that were subtyped was 85.9%, while only 4.4% of influenza B cases were characterized. For most countries, influenza seasonality was similar to the Northern Hemisphere, with a single large peak between January and March; exceptions were the countries in the Arabian Peninsula and Jordan, all of which showed clear secondary peaks, and some countries had an earlier primary peak (in November‐December in Bahrain and Qatar). The direction of the timing of influenza activity was east to west and south to north in 2012‐2013 and 2015‐2016, and west to east in 2014‐2015.

Conclusions

The epidemiology of influenza is generally uniform in countries of Middle East and North Africa, with influenza B playing an important role in the seasonal disease burden.
La2O2SO4:RE/Yb new phosphors for near infrared to visible and near infrared upconversion luminescence (RE=Ho, Er, Tm)
Authors: Wang Xuejiao , Hu Zhipeng , Zhu Qi , Li Ji‐Guang , Sun Xudong
Published: February 2018

The 3 new upconversion (UC) phosphors of La2O2SO4:RE/Yb (RE=Ho, Er, and Tm, respectively) were derived via facile dehydration of their layered hydroxide precursors that were hydrothermally synthesized at 100°C. Rietveld XRD refinement found contracting cell dimension with decreasing RE3+ size, confirming the direct crystallization of solid solution. The Er3+ and Ho3+ activators both exhibited simultaneous green and red (dominant) emissions under 978‐nm near‐infrared (NIR) laser excitation (NIR‐Vis UC). Particularly, Tm3+ produced a Gaussian‐shaped pure NIR emission band at ~812 nm via its 3H4 → 3H6 transition (NIR‐NIR UC), which is highly desired for NIR biological application. Analysis of the excitation‐power dependent UC properties manifested a 3‐photon mechanism for the 3 phosphors, and the possible photon reactions leading to UC were illustrated.
ECG electrode reversals: An opportunity to learn from mistakes
Authors: Sakaguchi Scott , Sandberg Jeremy , Benditt David G.
Published: February 2018

An ECG with an “odd” appearance may raise the suspicion that ECG recording electrodes may have been reversed. Odd appearances include unexpected Q‐waves or R‐waves, markedly isoelectric leads, and abrupt changes from previous ECGs. A few examples of ECG electrode reversal provide the opportunity to review some fundamental principles of ECG recording. Some ECG electrode reversals will invert the QRS complex recorded in a lead. Other ECG leads may be affected in a manner that initially may seem unexpected. These patterns may be understood upon reviewing the genesis of the “unipolar” leads, particularly the “augmented” leads. Recording an ECG between electrodes placed on the two legs will produce a nearly isoelectric tracing. Elucidation of electrode reversals is often less difficult than it seems, may present an enjoyable intellectual challenge, and provides insight into the process of ECG recording.
Development of Asian parasitoids in larvae Of Drosophila Suzukii feeding on blueberry and artificial diet
Authors: Girod P. , Rossignaud L. , Haye T. , Turlings T. C. J. , Kenis M.
Published: February 2018

In just a few years, the Asian fly Drosophila suzukii has invaded several continents and has become a very serious pest of many fruit crops worldwide. Current control methods rely on chemical insecticides or expensive and labour‐intensive cultural practices. Classical biological control through the introduction of Asian parasitoids that have co‐evolved with the pest may provide a sustainable solution on condition that they are sufficiently specific to avoid non‐target effects on local biodiversity. Here, we present the first study on the development of three larval parasitoids from China and Japan, the Braconidae Asobara japonica and the Figitidae Leptopilina japonica and Ganaspis sp., on D. suzukii. The Asian parasitoids were compared with Leptopilina heterotoma, a common parasitoid of several Drosophilidae worldwide. The three Asian species were successfully reared on D. suzukii larvae in both, blueberry and artificial diet, in contrast to L. heterotoma whose eggs and larvae were encapsulated by the host larvae. All parasitoids were able to oviposit one day after emergence. Asobara japonica laid as many eggs in larvae feeding in blueberry as in artificial diet, whereas L. heterotoma oviposited more in larvae on the artificial diet and the Asian Figitidae oviposited more in larvae feeding on blueberry. Ganaspis sp. laid very few eggs in larvae in the artificial diet, suggesting that it may be specialized in Drosophila species living in fresh fruits. These data will be used for the development of a host range testing to assess the suitability of Asian parasitoids as biological control agents in invaded regions.
Interleukin‐2, ‐16, and ‐17 gene polymorphisms in Iranian patients with chronic periodontitis
Authors: Vahabi Surena , Nazemisalman Bahareh , Hosseinpour Sepanta , Salavitabar Simindokht , Aziz Alireza
Published: February 2018

Aim

Chronic periodontitis (CP) is a multifactorial disease and the most common type of periodontitis mainly caused by microbial plaque. CP can be brought on by, and progresses with, insufficient oral hygiene, and environmental and genetic susceptibilities. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between interleukin (IL)‐2 (T‐330G), IL‐16 (T‐295C), and IL‐17 (A‐7383G) gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility to CP in an Iranian population.

Methods

Ninety‐nine cases diagnosed with CP and 75 matched healthy controls engaged in the present study. 3 cc peripheral blood samples were obtained for DNA isolation. Genotype analysis was performed using restriction fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction. Genotype distribution and allele frequencies within groups were compared using χ2‐test, and logistic regression analysis was used to recognize the independent relation between the disease and the absence or presence of alleles.

Results

There was no polymorphism in IL‐2 (T‐330G) among our patients, and the TT genotype was present in both study groups. Moreover, none of the studied genotypes and alleles of IL‐16 (T‐295C) and IL‐17 (A‐7383G) was significantly associated with CP.

Conclusion

The present study demonstrated no association between IL‐2 (T‐330G), IL‐16 (T‐295C), and IL‐17 (A‐7383G) genotypes and CP in an Iranian population.
Inferior alveolar nerve injury: Correlation between indicators of risk on panoramic radiographs and the incidence of tooth and mandibular canal contact on cone‐beam computed tomography scans in a Western Australian population
Authors: Winstanley Kate L. , Otway Lisa M. , Thompson Lionel , Brook Zoe H. , King Nigel , Koong Bernard , O'Halloran Michael
Published: February 2018

Aim

The aim of the present study was to assess risks prior to third molar removal. A 2‐D panoramic radiograph or a 3‐D cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan can be used to visualize the proximity of the third molar to the mandibular canal. We aimed to correlate panoramic indicators of risk with the incidence of contact between these two structures on CBCT scans.

Methods

Patients were selected from a Western Australian population if they had a panoramic radiograph that illustrated signs of risk of inferior alveolar nerve injury and had a CBCT scan on file. Statistically‐significant relationships between the relative position and distance between the mandibular canal and third molar were investigated using χ2‐test and Fisher's exact test in Stata version 13.

Results

Within the Western Australian sample (N = 100), of six possible panoramic indicators of risk, two were significantly associated with contact between the tooth and mandibular canal on CBCT: (a) interruption of the radiographic white line of the canal; and (b) darkening of the root(s).

Conclusions

Two panoramic radiograph risk signs are significantly more likely to indicate contact on the CBCT scans: interruption of the white line and darkening of the root(s). Further research is required to develop CBCT prescription guidelines for surgical planning.
Privacy at end of life in ICU: A review of the literature
Authors: Timmins Fiona , Parissopoulos Stelios , Plakas Sotirios , Naughton Margaret T , de Vries Jan MA , Fouka Georgia
Published: February 2018

Aims and objectives

To explore the issues surrounding privacy during death in ICU.

Background

While the provision of ICU care is vital, the nature and effect of the potential lack of privacy during death and dying in ICUs have not been extensively explored.

Design

A literature search using CINAHL and Pubmed revealed articles related to privacy, death and dying in ICU.

Method

Keywords used in the search were “ICU,” “Privacy,” “Death” and “Dying.” A combination of these terms using Boolean operators “or” or “and” revealed a total of 23 citations. Six papers were ultimately deemed suitable for inclusion in the review and were subjected to code analysis with Atlas.ti v8 QDA software.

Findings

The analysis of the studies revealed eight themes, and this study presents the three key themes that were found to be recurring and strongly interconnected to the experience of privacy and death in ICU: “Privacy in ICU,” “ICU environment” and “End‐of‐Life Care”.

Conclusions

Research has shown that patient and family privacy during the ICU hospitalisation and the provision of the circumstances that lead to an environment of privacy during and after death remains a significant challenge for ICU nurses. Family members have little or no privacy in shared room and cramped waiting rooms, while they wish to be better informed and involved in end‐of‐life decisions. Hence, death and dying for many patients takes place in open and/or shared spaces which is problematic in terms of both the level of privacy and respect that death ought to afford.

Relevance to clinical practice

It is best if end‐of‐life care in the ICU is planned and coordinated, where possible. Nurses need to become more self‐reflective and aware in relation to end‐of‐life situations in ICU in order to develop privacy practices that are responsive to family and patient needs.
Mothers’ experience of caring for a child with early onset scoliosis: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Lauder Bonnie , Sinclair Peter M , Maguire Jane
Published: February 2018

Aims and objectives

This study aimed to identify and describe the experience of parents of children diagnosed with early onset scoliosis living in Australia.

Background

Chronic childhood disease has a major impact on health‐related quality of life. Caring for a child with a chronic illness is well documented but the specific experiences of parents who care for children with early onset scoliosis, a rare but devastating illness, has not been explored. Numerous studies have described the interrelated psychological, financial, social, physical and logistical factors that impact the experience of the caregiver role with various diseases, but in the case of early onset scoliosis, limited studies have been conducted about the parental experience.

Methods

A qualitative descriptive design was used. A snowball sampling technique assisted in the recruitment. Parents invited to the study included mothers, fathers and guardians. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were analysed thematically. Data collection complied with the Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research guidelines.

Findings

Twelve mothers of children with early onset scoliosis were interviewed, as only mothers consented to participate. Four major themes emerged: emotional rollercoaster ride, a lack of resources, money talks and pervasive burden. Factors that impacted on the participants’ ability to confront, manage and endure caring for a child with early onset scoliosis emerged from the data.

Conclusion

The findings suggest there are multiple factors that influence the experience of mothers’ caring for a child with early onset scoliosis. The recognition and appropriate management of these factors by healthcare professionals have the potential to improve the quality of life of parents who care for a child with early onset scoliosis.

Relevance to clinical practice

Healthcare professionals have first‐line contact with parents of children with early onset scoliosis and are well placed to provide parents with evidence‐based education and increased support.
Endometrioid carcinoma arising from diaphragmatic endometriosis treated with laparoscopy: A case report
Authors: Okimura Hiroyuki , Tatsumi Hiroshi , Ito Fumitake , Yamashita Suguru , Kokabu Tetsuya , Kitawaki Jo
Published: February 2018

Malignant transformation of diaphragmatic endometriosis is rare. We present a case of endometrioid carcinoma arising from diaphragmatic endometriosis treated with laparoscopy. A 59‐year‐old primigravida woman who had undergone abdominal hysterectomy for adenomyosis at the age of 47 years was referred to our hospital for investigation of a tumor on the surface of the liver. An integrated positron emission tomography‐computed tomography scan revealed a 3‐cm nodule on the surface of the liver with abnormal fluorine‐18‐deoxyglucose accumulation. Partial resection of the diaphragm and liver was performed. Histopathological examination revealed an endometrioid carcinoma arising from diaphragmatic endometriosis. We additionally performed laparoscopic bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy and partial omentectomy. The resected tissues revealed no malignancy. Adjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin was administered. In cases of diaphragmatic tumors, endometriosis and its associated malignancies should be considered. Laparoscopic surgery is effective in patients with such conditions.
Online Social Interactions Predict Academic and Emotional Adjustment in the Transition to University
Authors: Mikami Amori Yee , Szwedo David E. , Khalis Adri , Jia Mary , Na Jennifer Jiwon
Published: February 2018

We investigated the developmental implications of online social interactions among 590 youth transitioning to university. We observed friends’ posts on participants’ Facebook pages, and considered attributes of friends’ posts used to indicate positive and negative relationship quality in face‐to‐face interactions. After statistical control of beginning‐of‐year functioning and participants’ Facebook content, Facebook friends’ deviant content posts (swearing; illegal/sexualized activities) predicted participants’ lower grade point average, Facebook friends’ posts indicating connection to participants predicted participants’ lower psychopathology, and Facebook friends’ verbal aggression posts predicted participants’ lower institutional attachment, by the end of the year. Negative effects of friends’ posts were strongest for participants who were disliked by peers face to face. The online context may uniquely influence youth adjustment in conjunction with face‐to‐face relationships.
Sexting, Risk Behavior, and Mental Health in Adolescents: An Examination of 2015 Pennsylvania Youth Risk Behavior Survey Data
Authors: Frankel Anne S. , Bass Sarah Bauerle , Patterson Freda , Dai Ting , Brown Deanna
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND

Sexting, the sharing of sexually suggestive photos, may be a gateway behavior to early sexual activity and increase the likelihood of social ostracism.

METHODS

Youth Risk Behavior Survey (N = 6021) data from 2015 among Pennsylvania 9th‐12th grade students were used to examine associations between consensual and nonconsensual sexting and substance use, mental health, neighborhood safety, and demographic variables.

RESULTS

Almost one‐third (29%) of students reported consensual sexting, while 3% reported nonconsensual sexting. Female students were 49% less likely to report consensual sexting (OR = .69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.54, 0.87]); consensual sexting was significantly more likely in students who reported depressive symptoms (OR = 1.39, 95% CI: [1.10, 1.75]), electronic bullying (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: [1.05, 2.04]), suicide attempts (OR = 1.96, 95% CI: [1.22, 3.17]), current tobacco use (OR = 1.99, 95% CI: [1.30, 3.03]), current alcohol use (OR = 4.23, 95% CI: [3.04, 5.89]), ever having sex (OR = 5.21, 95% CI: [3.87, 7.02]), and reported both ever having sex, and current alcohol use (OR = 7.74, 95% CI: [5.37, 11.14]).

CONCLUSIONS

High school students, particularly men, that report sexting may be more likely to participate in other risk behaviors and experience negative mental health outcomes. Further research should clarify the temporality of links between sexting, cyberbullying, depression, and suicide to inform mental health screening and treatment availability in high schools.
MOBILE‐izing Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Care: A Pilot Study Using a Mobile Health Unit in Chicago
Authors: Stefansson Lilja S. , Webb M. Elizabeth , Hebert Luciana E. , Masinter Lisa , Gilliam Melissa L.
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND

Adolescents experience numerous barriers to obtaining sexual and reproductive health care (SRHC). Mobile Health Units (MHUs) can remove some barriers by traveling to the community. This pilot study developed Mobile SRHC through an iterative process on an existing MHU and evaluated it among adolescents and providers.

METHODS

Mobile SRHC was developed through a mixed‐method, multiphase study. Three key informant interviews with MHU providers, an adolescent needs assessment survey, and a Youth Model Development Session informed model development. Emergency contraception (EC), oral contraceptive pills (OCPs), and depot‐medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) were sequentially incorporated into MHU services. Administrative data assessed method distribution and surveys assessed patient satisfaction.

RESULTS

Key informants held positive attitudes toward implementing Mobile SRHC into their practice. Needs assessment surveys (N = 103) indicated a majority was interested in learning about sexual health (66.0%) and obtaining birth control (54.4%) on an MHU. Over 3 months, 123 adolescents participated in Mobile SRHC. Seven packs and 9 prescriptions of EC, 8 3‐month packs and 10 prescriptions of OCPs, and 5 injections and 5 prescriptions of DMPA were distributed. Ninety‐two percent of adolescent participants reported they would recommend Mobile SRHC to friends.

CONCLUSIONS

Mobile SRHC is a feasible approach for reproductive health care among adolescents.
Suicide Risk and Resiliency Factors Among Hispanic Teens in New Mexico: Schools Can Make a Difference
Authors: Hall Meryn , Fullerton Lynne , FitzGerald Courtney , Green Dan
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND

Youth suicide is a serious public health problem in the United States. School environments, and the attention of school adults, are promising but minimally studied avenues for promoting mental health among students.

METHODS

The 2013 New Mexico Youth Risk and Resiliency Survey data were analyzed to identify ways in which the school environment influences suicide attempts in a sample of Hispanic students. Factors examined were: relationships with school adults, speaking a language other than English at home, being born outside the United States and not having enough to eat. Odds ratios were used to measure relationships.

RESULTS

Factors influencing suicide attempt were similar for boys and girls. The odds of suicide attempt declined by approximately one third as measures of positive relationships with school adults increased. Post‐high school education plans also were protective. Being born outside the United States and not having enough to eat increased the odds of past‐year suicide attempt. Speaking a language other than English at home was a weak risk factor for suicide attempt only among Hispanic girls.

CONCLUSIONS

Teachers and other school adults can decrease suicide risk for Hispanic teens by forming supportive relationships with students. Special consideration should be given to providing free breakfast in schools.
Perceived Weight and Bullying Victimization in Boys and Girls
Authors: Carey Felicia R. , Wilkinson Anna V. , Ranjit Nalini , Mandell Dorothy , Hoelscher Deanna M.
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND

Research suggests that perceived weight poses separate risks from objective weight on adolescents' risks of being bullied. We examined if the prevalence of bullying victimization differed by perceived and objective weight status, and how these associations varied by sex.

METHODS

Data were analyzed for 6716 8th and 11th graders from the School Physical Activity and Nutrition project, a Texas statewide survey of public school students. Participants reported demographics, bullying victimization, and weight perceptions. Height and weight were measured.

RESULTS

In the last 6 months, 10.8% of students reported being bullied. Nearly 70% of normal weight and overweight and 50% of obese adolescents perceived themselves as weighing the right amount. Perceiving oneself as weighing too little or too much was significantly associated with increased bullying victimization (p < .05 for both), whereas objective weight was not. Statistical interactions between perceived weight and sex were significantly associated with victimization (p < .05) among boys only; boys who perceived themselves as weighing too little had higher predicted probabilities of victimization.

CONCLUSIONS

Perceived weight may play a greater role in bullying victimization than objective weight, especially among boys. Interventions to prevent bullying should consider adolescents' self‐perceptions of weight to effectively identify those at greater risk for victimization.
The School Contextual Effect of Sexual Debut on Sexual Risk‐Taking: A Joint Parameter Approach
Authors: Cai Tianji , Zhou Yisu , Niño Michael D. , Driver Nichola
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND

Previous research has identified individual and school‐level characteristics that are associated with sexual risk‐taking, but the impact of school‐level mechanisms on sexual risk‐taking is not well understood. We examine the aggregated effects that early sex at the school level have on risky sexual behaviors.

METHODS

We use 3 waves of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. An individual's first sexual intercourse before age 15 was recorded along with various risky sexual behaviors at debut. Two variables at respondent's later stage of life were also included: having sex in exchange for drugs or money, and contraction of sexually transmitted disease (STD). Longitudinal analysis was conducted using a joint parameter model that tested unobserved school effects on individual behaviors simultaneously.

RESULTS

An increase in early sexual initiation at the school level was associated with higher probability of sexual debut, along with increased involvement in sexual risk‐taking controlling for student family background.

CONCLUSIONS

School behavioral mechanisms are directly related to sexual health behaviors among youth. Our findings have implications for school‐based interventions, education programs, and the role of parents.
Stereotyped feeding behaviors of polyphenic bluegill sunfish
Authors: Moran C. J. , Rzucidlo C. L. , Carlowicz R. M. , Gerry S. P.
Published: February 2018

Polymorphic populations are often considered as intermediate stages of speciation. Bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) from Lake Waban, Wellesley, MA have diverged into two ecomorphs based on their diet, occupied habitat and morphology. Littoral bluegills are generalist feeders that consume a variety of aquatic invertebrates. Pelagic bluegills feed primarily onDaphnia. We aimed to understand if suction pressure generation, prey capture behaviors and pharyngeal jaw morphology differed between the littoral and pelagic ecomorphs feeding on three prey types. Littoral and pelagic bluegills showed similar feeding kinematics and peak pressure, however, significant differences were observed among prey types within an ecomorph. Feeding events on brine shrimp were slower and accompanied by less negative pressure for both ecomorphs. Littoral bluegills varied their use of ram among prey types, however, pelagic bluegills (zooplankton specialists) did not. Similar to previous studies, when presented with different prey items both dietary generalists and specialists varied equally in most aspects of their feeding behaviors. However, pelagic bluegills (dietary specialists) did not vary in their approach behaviors. Despite the lack of differences in trophic morphology among the individuals sampled here, the prey approach behaviors of dietary specialists appears to be fixed in pelagic bluegills. This result deemphasizes the importance of suction during feeding and places more importance on prey approach behaviors.
Predictors of health‐promoting behaviors in children from low‐income families: An ecological approach
Authors: Park Jiyoung
Published: February 2018

In this study, we investigated the ecological factors that influence health‐promoting behaviors in children from low‐income families in South Korea using a descriptive correlational design. The participants included 297 elementary school students who used community childcare centers, 297 caregivers, and 68 teachers at the centers. Data were collected using a structured self‐report survey, and were subjected to a multi‐level regression analysis. The factors influencing the health‐promoting behaviors of children were as follows: self‐efficacy and self‐regulation as intrapersonal factors; caregivers’ parenting behavior and peer relationships as interpersonal factors; and the number of months since the centers’ establishment, teachers workloads, and centers’ perceived environments as institutional factors. The findings emphasize the need to create a healthy environment to promote the health of children from vulnerable groups, and that community‐based participatory research might be an effective strategy to address these environmental problems, and ultimately help reduce health disparities between children.
Outsourcing, bureaucratic personnel quality and citizen satisfaction with public services
Authors: Dahlström Carl , Nistotskaya Marina , Tyrberg Maria
Published: February 2018

This article investigates the relationships between outsourcing, bureaucratic personnel quality (BPQ) and citizen satisfaction with public services. Our baseline expectation is of a negative association between outsourcing and service quality; however, we argue that this tendency can be counteracted when the government buyer has a more competent and motivated personnel, not only in managerial positions, but across the board. Better‐educated and paid public employees are likely to have an important moderating effect on service quality through their input into quality specifications, their ability to recognize the provider's consummate or perfunctory behaviour, and their willingness to act on the observed performance. Using data from a cross‐section of Sweden's municipalities, our analysis reveals a robust association between higher levels of outsourcing and lower levels of citizen satisfaction, but the data do not provide unambiguous support for the hypothesis that the strength of this association diminishes when BPQ is higher.
The choice between deceased‐ vs living‐donor renal transplantation in children: Analysis of data from a Belgian tertiary center
Authors: Van Cauwenberghe Katty , Raes Ann , Pauwels Lut , Dehoorne Jo , Colenbie Luc , Dequidt Clement , Dossche Lien , Vande Walle Johan , Prytuła Agnieszka
Published: February 2018

Pediatric renal transplantation with a living donor (LD) has superior outcome, but there is a paucity of studies analyzing the reasons for not undertaking living donation in West‐European countries. The aim of this study was to retrospectively review the choice of donor source in our center. We also aimed to identify factors which prevented transplantation with a LD. This retrospective study was performed including children aged 2‐19 years who underwent kidney transplantation (KT) at the Ghent University Hospital between 1996 and 2016. Relevant data were collected from medical files to identify the main medical, psychological, and socio‐economic factors influencing the choice of the donor source. There were 48 patients (boys n = 33) who underwent KT. Thirty‐nine patients received a deceased donor (DD) kidney and nine patients received a LD kidney. Sixteen of 48 transplantations were preemptive. The reasons for DD KT included socio‐economic factors such as single caregiver families, one or both parents with a criminal record or convictions and religious or cultural constraints (n = 15), medical considerations (n = 13), refusal of the close relatives/parents to donate (n = 7), and acceptance of an organ from a DD while prospective donor was undergoing medical screening (n = 4). The low incidence of living kidney donation can be explained by socio‐economic and medical factors. Refusal to donate is a potentially modifiable factor and strategies aimed at education and guidance of the families might contribute to a higher incidence of living donation in our setting.
Dynamic Pricing through Data Sampling
Authors: Cohen Maxime C. , Lobel Ruben , Perakis Georgia
Published: February 2018

We study a dynamic pricing problem, where a firm offers a product to be sold over a fixed time horizon. The firm has a given initial inventory level, but there is uncertainty about the demand for the product in each time period. The objective of the firm is to determine a dynamic pricing strategy that maximizes revenue throughout the entire selling season. We develop a tractable optimization model that directly uses demand data, therefore creating a practical decision tool. We show computationally that regret‐based objectives can perform well when compared to average revenue maximization and to a Bayesian approach. The modeling approach proposed in this study could be particularly useful for risk‐averse managers with limited access to historical data or information about the true demand distribution. Finally, we provide theoretical performance guarantees for this sampling‐based solution.
A Review of Production and Operations Management Research on Outsourcing in Supply Chains: Implications for the Theory of the Firm
Authors: Tsay Andy A. , Gray John V. , Noh In Joon , Mahoney Joseph T.
Published: February 2018

This paper reviews the state of the art in Productions and Operations Management (POM) academic research regarding outsourcing in supply chain contexts. We first acknowledge the “Theory of the Firm” (ToF), the venerable and vast body of thought regarding where the firm draws the boundary between what it performs in‐house and what it outsources. Despite the clear linkage between outsourcing and POM, the ToF literature is most closely associated with the fields of strategy and economics. This disconnect might in part be due to a difference in theoretical lenses and terminology, which we address for the POM audience by providing a ToF tutorial. Our review of publications by the POM community from 2000 to 2016 includes a framework that organizes the in‐scope papers and a structured summary of each work. We partition the research into empirical/conceptual and analytical sub‐literatures, each of which gets its own critical assessment and discussion of open opportunities. Along the way, we articulate the features of the POM lens that distinctively position POM researchers to contribute further to the ToF, a convergence which we hope to encourage through this study. A deeper conversation among strategy, economics, and POM would enrichen the rigor and the relevance of each field.
Structural basis for substrate recognition and inhibition of prephenate aminotransferase from Arabidopsis
Authors: Holland Cynthia K. , Berkovich Daniel A. , Kohn Madeleine L. , Maeda Hiroshi , Jez Joseph M.
Published: February 2018

Aromatic amino acids are protein building blocks and precursors to a number of plant natural products, such as the structural polymer lignin and a variety of medicinally relevant compounds. Plants make tyrosine and phenylalanine by a different pathway from many microbes; this pathway requires prephenate aminotransferase (PAT) as the key enzyme. Prephenate aminotransferase produces arogenate, the unique and immediate precursor for both tyrosine and phenylalanine in plants, and also has aspartate aminotransferase (AAT) activity. The molecular mechanisms governing the substrate specificity and activation or inhibition of PAT are currently unknown. Here we present the X‐ray crystal structures of the wild‐type and various mutants of PAT from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtPAT). Steady‐state kinetic and ligand‐binding analyses identified key residues, such as Glu108, that are involved in both keto acid and amino acid substrate specificities and probably contributed to the evolution of PAT activity among class Ib AAT enzymes. Structures of AtPAT mutants co‐crystallized with either α‐ketoglutarate or pyridoxamine 5′‐phosphate and glutamate further define the molecular mechanisms underlying recognition of keto acid and amino acid substrates. Furthermore, cysteine was identified as an inhibitor of PAT from A. thaliana and Antirrhinum majus plants as well as the bacterium Chlorobium tepidum, uncovering a potential new effector of PAT.
Randomized control trial to test the effect of a feed additive on Campylobacter contamination in commercial broiler flocks up to slaughter
Authors: Huneau‐Salaün A. , Guyard‐Nicodème M. , Benzoni G. , Gautier X. , Quesne S. , Poëzevara T. , Chemaly M.
Published: February 2018

A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was carried to evaluate the effect of a feed additive on Campylobacter contamination of broilers reared in commercial conditions. Twenty‐four broiler flocks naturally contaminated with Campylobacter were enrolled in the RCT: 12 were assigned to a control group (C) fed with a conventional finishing feed from 4 weeks of age to slaughter (around 35 days), and the other group of 12 flocks (S) was fed with a finishing feed supplemented with 250 ppm of a patented feed additive (an ion‐exchanged clay compound) previously proven to reduce Campylobacter contamination in broiler caeca under experimental conditions. Enumeration of Campylobacter colonies in caeca (8 per flock) was carried out following ISO standards before feed distribution and at slaughter. Before treatment, the caecal Campylobacter load tended to be lower in C flocks (7.1 ± 1.9 log CFU/g, CI95% [6.6–7.5]) than in S flocks (7.7 ± 1.0 log UFC/g, CI95% [7.5–7.9]) (p = .05). At slaughter, the bacterial load was similar in the S (7.7 ± 1.0 log CFU/g, CI95% [7.5–7.9]) and C groups (7.5 ± 1.2 log CFU/g, CI95% [7.2–7.8]) (p = .73). Therefore, the feed additive had no significant effect on the caecal Campylobacter load at slaughter under the tested conditions. The logistical constraints inherent in field trials and the natural variability of Campylobacter contamination in naturally infected broiler flocks make it difficult to reproduce experimental results in in situ farm conditions. RCT testing of an intervention strategy in commercial situation is therefore a key step in evaluating pre‐harvest interventions against food‐borne pathogens.
De los árboles y la pantalla: la amistad viril a través de Alberto Nin Frías y Gabriela Mistral
Authors: Horan Elizabeth
Published: February 2018

Este trabajo rastrea archivos epistolares de Gabriela Mistral, poniendo especial énfasis en las marcas que sitúan a emisores y destinatarios en tiempos y espacios queer. Concentrada en la etapa inicial de su carrera, la pesquisa demuestra cómo Mistral ensaya estrategias retóricas que le permiten escenificar un tipo de amistad queer (amistad viril) y cómo, a partir de ellas, establece relaciones de intercambio afectivo (queer sociability) con intelectuales de las Américas; en especial, Alberto Nin Frías, su primer amigo diplomático y abiertamente homosexual.
Minúsculos terroristas
Authors: Castillo Debra A.
Published: February 2018

De manera comparada y transmedial, este trabajo pone en escena una serie de materiales que hacen entrar en crisis las concepciones comunes, en Occidente, sobre la niñez, en especial la masculina; a saber, el filme Little Terrorist, una fotografía de Diane Arbus y las novelas El ejército iluminado de David Toscana y Loosing my Espanish de H.G. Carrillo. A partir de estos materiales, el trabajo discute la manera en que la cultura hegemónica sostiene una ley de valores que, amparada en la díada niñez inocencia, naturalizan la violencia. 
Ruinas modernas y arte contemporáneo: el caso de El Helicoide de la Roca Tarpeya
Authors: Blackmore Lisa
Published: February 2018

Atendiendo a recientes discusiones sobre las ruinas modernas, este artículo propone que el arte contemporáneo ofrece vías para mirar y relatar estos monumentos truncos sin neutralizarlos como patrimonios nostálgicos ni reducirlos a meras imágenes desprovistas de sus heterogéneas historias. Tomando como caso de estudio El Helicoide —un audaz centro comercial convertido en sede policial— analizo tres instalaciones que capturan el potencial productivo de las ruinas para mostrar el “andamiaje ideológico” (Boym) de la arquitectura y ensayar nuevas formas monumentales (Rancière).
Sobre la piel: Reinaldo Arenas y Severo Sarduy en contacto
Authors: Guerrero Javier
Published: February 2018

A partir de los archivos fotográficos y epistolares que Reinaldo Arenas (1943-1990) y Severo Sarduy (1937-1943) depositan en la Firestone Library de Princeton University, este ensayo aborda las intersecciones entre materialidad corporal, cultura visual y archivo, inscritas en tales colecciones especiales. Así, mediante un minucioso análisis de imagen y letra, y apoyado sobre conceptos tales como plasticidad, cuerpo y materialidad, el ensayo propone un genuino archivo de la piel de Arenas y Sarduy, de las consecuentes narrativas somáticas y de las tecnologías que lo median.
La vida secreta de un pintor neoclásico: Roger y Angélica en Balneario de Adolfo Couve
Authors: Toro Felipe , Chiuminatto Pablo
Published: February 2018

Por medio de la lectura de Balneario de Adolfo Couve —relato breve que aborda las fantasías eróticas de Angélica Bow, vieja aristócrata que anhela el encuentro con jóvenes de clases bajas en un balneario popular de Chile—, intentamos despejar la referencia de la poética de Couve a la escuela neoclásica, y en especial su apelación a la herencia pictórica de Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres. Así, proponemos que en Balneario Couve reescribe la famosa pintura de Ingres Roger liberando a Angélica —a su vez basada en el canto X del Orlando furioso de Ariosto— actualizando un debate de larga data entre imagen y escritura en un escenario provinciano. 
La construcción visual de la nación y sus otros. Imágenes y alteridades en la Patagonia argentina
Authors: Sánchez Fernando M.
Published: February 2018

En el contexto de constitución del Estado argentino a fines del siglo XIX, las campañas militares de extensión de fronteras fueron acompañadas por una abundante elaboración cartográfica de los nuevos espacios y una práctica etnográfica de apropiación de la vida de las poblaciones nativas, que derivó en la conformación de colecciones de fotografías, cráneos y esqueletos, así como en la exhibición de grupos de nativos vivos en museos. El presente trabajo aborda los procesos de producción simbólica y efectiva de la nación y sus otros internos. A partir del análisis de registros fotográficos documentales de la llamada Conquista del Desierto, y de una serie de fotografías producidas por las propias organizaciones mapuche durante las últimas décadas, en tiempos de reafirmación cultural, se intenta dar cuenta de los cambios en las políticas de representación visual, así como de su imbricación en disputas político-culturales más amplias.