bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Al-MOF-derived spindle-like hierarchical porous activated carbon for advanced supercapacitors
Authors: Liu Xingyu , Wang Xiaoyue , Miao Rui , Sun Yanzhi , Chen Yongmei , Tang Yang , Wan Pingyu , Pan Junqing
Published: January 2022

Spindle-like hierarchical porous activated carbon materials derived from Al-BTEC possess high specific capacitance and good cycling stability.
Mechanisms of Escherichia coli inactivation during solar-driven photothermal disinfection
Authors: Hong Yibo , Shi Weiye , Wang Hao , Ma Defang , Ren Yiran , Wang Yan , Li Qian , Gao Baoyu
Published: January 2022

This study provides a highly effective and energy-free CNT-based disinfection without toxic by-products and reveals the synergistic genic bactericidal paths of solar radiation and photo-induced heat.
Characterization of Alpinia officinarum Hance polysaccharide and its immune modulatory activity in mice
Authors: Ni Jiahao , Chen Huricha , Zhang Chenglong , Luo Qiyuan , Qin Yao , Yang Yuhui , Chen Yun
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to characterize the structural features of a novel water-soluble polysaccharide (AOHP) extracted from Alpinia officinarum Hance and to verify its regulating effect on mouse immunity.
In situnet fishing of α-glucosidase inhibitors from evening primrose (Oenothera biennis) defatted seeds by combination of LC-MS/MS, molecular networking, affinity-based ultrafiltration, and molecular docking
Authors: Wang Zhiqiang , Zhang Yuxian , Yan Hongyuan
Published: January 2022

Defatted seeds of evening primrose (DSEP), the by-product of evening primrose oil manufacture, exhibit potential α-glucosidase inhibitory activity; however, presently they are routinely discarded as waste.
Prediction of new phase 2DC2hgroup III monochalcogenides with direct bandgaps and highly anisotropic carrier mobilities
Authors: Hu Tuo , Xu Congsheng , Zhang Ao , Yu Peiyuan
Published: January 2022

A newC2hphase of 2D group III monochalcogenides with excellent electronic properties is computationally predicted and explored.
Metasurface-empowered spectral and spatial light modulation for disruptive holographic displays
Authors: Kim Gyeongtae , Kim Seokwoo , Kim Hongyoon , Lee Jihae , Badloe Trevon , Rho Junsuk
Published: January 2022

This review summarizes the advances of metasurfaces as promising candidates for holographic displays, based on light manipulation at subwavelength nanostructures.
Pathway to fully-renewable biobased polyesters derived from HMF and phenols
Authors: Tavana Jalal , Faysal Atik , Vithanage Anushka , Gramlich William M. , Schwartz Thomas J.
Published: January 2022

Lactone monomers were synthesized from biomass derivable molecules through the Ru-catalyzed hydrogenolysis of functionalized-furan carboxylic acids. Ring opening polymerization using organocatalysts yielded polyesters with tunable Tg values.
I2-Mediated [3 + 2] annulation of methyl-azaarenes with alkyl 2-isocyanoacetates or amino acid ester hydrochlorides: selective synthesis of iodine-functionalized and non-iodine-functionalized fused imidazoles
Authors: Hu Yong-Ji , Zhou Yu , Gao Jing-Jing , Zhang Han , Yang Kai-Rui , Li Jia-Jun , Yan Xiao-Xin , Li Yuan-Lin , Zhu Yan-Ping
Published: January 2022

An I2-mediated [3 + 2] annulation to access fused imidazoles from methyl-azaarenes and alkyl 2-isocyanoacetates was developed. This method can be used for the structural modification of natural products, gram scale reactions and further transformations.
Structure, preparation and properties of liquid fluoroelastomers with different end groups
Authors: Duan Jiayu , Yang Chen , Kang Hailan , Li Long , Yang Feng , Fang Qinghong , Han Wenchi , Li Donghan
Published: January 2022

Liquid fluoroelastomers with carboxyl and hydroxyl end groups were prepared by the oxidation degradation method and the functional group conversion method, the relationship between the structure and properties of them was clarified.
A facile and effective strategy to develop a super-hydrophobic/super-oleophilic fiberglass filter membrane for efficient micron-scale water-in-oil emulsion separation
Authors: Zhou Yujie , He Lantao , Wang Linxi , Chen Gaoxiang , Luo Jianhong
Published: January 2022

In order to achieve efficient micron-scale water-in-oil emulsion separation, a facile and effective strategy is developed to prepare a super-hydrophobic/super-oleophilic fiberglass filter membrane (FGm).
Synthesis and properties of wax based on waste cooking oil
Authors: Liu Yan , Liu Meng-Yu , Qi Ying-Xi , Jin Xin-Yan , Xu Han-Rui , Chen Yu-xin , Chen Shuo-ping , Su He-ping
Published: January 2022

Low-cost wax based on waste cooking oil (WCO) was synthesized and could be a substitute for commercial soybean wax.
Enantioselective one-carbon expansion of aromatic rings by simultaneous formation and chromoselective irradiation of a transient coloured enolate
Authors: Saunthwal Rakesh K. , Mortimer James , Orr-Ewing Andrew J. , Clayden Jonathan
Published: January 2022

Irradiation of a mixture of aromatic amide and chiral base leads to a tandem reaction sequence in which dearomatization forms a chromophore capable of photochemical rearrangement leading to overall asymmetric expansion of the aromatic ring.
Fluoride-ion conversion alloy for fluoride-ion batteries
Authors: Nakayama Kei , Ishikawa Ryo , Tojigamori Takeshi , Miki Hidenori , Iba Hideki , Shibata Naoya , Ikuhara Yuichi
Published: January 2022

In the charge process of a fluoride-ion battery, LaNi5 as the cathode material is decomposed into LaF3 and Ni. The decomposition forms nano-scale networks of F−-ion and electron conduction paths, which helps to exploit a large amount of Ni.
Engineering of the alkyl chain branching point on a lactone polymer donor yields 17.81% efficiency
Authors: Ou Zongliang , Qin Jianqiang , Jin Ke , Zhang Jianqi , Zhang Lixiu , Yi Chenyi , Jin Zhiwen , Song Qiuling , Sun Kuan , Yang Junliang , Xiao Zuo , Ding Liming
Published: January 2022

Near-backbone manipulation of the alkyl chain branching point yields an efficient polymer donor L3 for organic solar cells.
Highly effective CS2 conversion with aziridines catalyzed by novel [Dy24] nano-cages in MOFs under mild conditions
Authors: Shi Ying , Tang Bo , Jiang Xiao-Lei , Jiao Yue-E , Xu Hang , Zhao Bin
Published: January 2022

A [Dy24] nano-caged MOF represents the first example of a MOF-based catalyst for CS2 conversion with aziridines, with a recorded TOF value of 51.1 h−1.
Enhanced electromechanical properties in low-temperature gadolinium-doped ceria composites with low-dimensional carbon allotropes
Authors: Han Jin Kyu , Kabir Ahsanul , Tinti Victor Buratto , Santucci Simone , Song Da Som , Kim So Young , Song Wooseok , Kim Eunyoung , Bu Sang Don , Kern Frank , de Florio Daniel Zanetti , Esposito Vincenzo
Published: January 2022

A new functional carbon–metal oxide hybrid is designed and fabricated by field-assisted sintering—the hybrid material results in enhanced electro-chemo-mechanical properties with high crystallinity, facile fabrication method, and cost-efficiency.
Influence of perhalophenyl groups in the TADF mechanism of diphosphino gold(i) complexes
Authors: Soldevilla Inés , García-Camacho Aimara , Nasibullin Rinat T. , Olmos M. Elena , Monge Miguel , Sundholm Dage , Valiev Rashid R. , López-de-Luzuriaga José M. , Rodríguez-Castillo María
Published: January 2022

Four new perhalophenylgold(i)–diphosphino complexes have been described as TADF emitters. The position and the electronegativity of the halogen atoms in the aromatic ring allow tuning of the photophysical properties.
Sintering pressure as a “scalpel” to enhance the thermoelectric performance of MgAgSb
Authors: Liao Yuntiao , Chen Jun-Liang , Liu Chengyan , Liang Jisheng , Zhou Qi , Wang Ping , Miao Lei
Published: January 2022

P-type nanostructured α-MgAgSb by virtue of its intrinsically low thermal conductivity and environment friendly characteristics has drawn a great deal of attention for low temperature power generation.
Chemical adhesion of a hydrogel on an elastomer surface enabling directionally-bendable actuators
Authors: He Junting , Zhang Lidong
Published: January 2022

We design and fabricate a sandwich-like composite that is capable of reversible and controlled motion in response to light and humidity/water without interfacial failure, showing great potential for sensing and actuating applications.
Impact of inversion and non-stoichiometry on the transport properties of mixed zinc-cobalt ferrites
Authors: Zscherp Mario F. , Bastianello Michele , Nappini Silvia , Magnano Elena , Badocco Denis , Gross Silvia , Elm Matthias T.
Published: January 2022

The control of non-stoichiometry and inversion degree allows tuning of the microscopic charge transport processes in the quaternary ferrite Zn(1−x)CoxFe2O4.
Dual-function fluorescent hydrazone-linked covalent organic frameworks for acid vapor sensing and iron(iii) ion sensing
Authors: Gong Wei , Liu Chunyu , Shi Hongliang , Yin Maoxing , Li Weijun , Song Qingbao , Dong Yujie , Zhang Cheng
Published: January 2022

Fluorescent hydrazone-linked COFs and their aerogel composites applied in acid vapor sensing and Fe3+sensing.
Enhanced performance of phase change memory by grain size reduction
Authors: Xue Yuan , Song Sannian , Chen Xiaogang , Yan Shuai , Lv Shilong , Xin Tianjiao , Song Zhitang
Published: January 2022

Phase change memory based on Ta-GST exhibits superior thermal stability and reliability, so it is expected to be used in high-temperature applications.
The earliest O-type eclipsing binary in the Small Magellanic Cloud, AzV 476: A comprehensive analysis reveals surprisingly low stellar masses
Authors: Pauli D. , Oskinova L. M. , Hamann W.-R. , Ramachandran V. , Todt H. , Sander A. A. C. , Shenar T. , Rickard M. , Maíz Apellániz J. , Prinja R.
Published: January 2022

Context. Massive stars at low metallicity are among the main feedback agents in the early Universe and in present-day star forming galaxies. When in binaries, these stars are potential progenitors of gravitational-wave events. Knowledge of stellar masses is a prerequisite to understanding evolution and feedback of low-metallicity massive stars.

Aims. Using abundant spectroscopic and photometric measurements of an outstandingly bright eclipsing binary, we compare its dynamic, spectroscopic, and evolutionary mass estimates and develop a binary evolution scenario.

Methods. We comprehensively studied the eclipsing binary system, AzV 476, in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). The light curve and radial velocities were analyzed to obtain the orbital parameters. The photometric and spectroscopic data in the UV and optical were analyzed using the Potsdam Wolf–Rayet (PoWR) model atmospheres. The obtained results are interpreted using detailed binary-evolution tracks including mass transfer.

Results. AzV 476 consists of an O4 IV-III((f))p primary and an O9.5: Vn secondary. Both components have similar current masses (20 M⊙ and 18 M⊙) obtained consistently from both the orbital and spectroscopic analysis. The effective temperatures are 42 kK and 32 kK, respectively. The wind mass-loss rate of log(Ṁ∕(M⊙ yr−1)) = −6.2 of the primary is a factor of ten higher than a recent empirical prescription for single O stars in the SMC. Only close-binary evolution with mass transfer can reproduce the current stellar and orbital parameters, including orbital separation, eccentricity, and the rapid rotation of the secondary. The binary evolutionary model reveals that the primary has lost about half of its initial mass and is already core helium burning.

Conclusions. Our comprehensive analysis of AzV 476 yields a consistent set of parameters and suggests previous case B mass transfer. The derived stellar masses agree within their uncertainties. The moderate masses of AzV 476 underline the scarcity of bright massive stars in the SMC. The core helium burning nature of the primary indicates that stripped stars might be hidden among OB-type populations.
Do the majority of stars form as gravitationally unbound?
Authors: Dinnbier František , Kroupa Pavel , Anderson Richard I.
Published: January 2022

Context. Some of the youngest stars (age ≲ 10 Myr) are clustered, while many others are observed scattered throughout star forming regions or in complete isolation. It has been intensively debated whether such scattered or isolated stars originate in star clusters or whether they form in truly isolated conditions. Exploring these scenarios could help set constraints on the conditions in which massive stars are formed.

Aims. We adopted the assumption that all stars form in gravitationally bound star clusters embedded in molecular cloud cores (Γ-1 model), which expel their natal gas early after their formation. Then we compared the proportion (fraction) of stars found in clusters with observational data.

Methods. The star clusters are modelled by the code NBODY6, which includes binary stars, stellar and circumbinary evolution, gas expulsion, and the external gravitational field of their host galaxy.

Results. We find that small changes in the assumptions in the current theoretical model estimating the fraction, Γ, of stars forming in embedded clusters have a large influence on the results, and we present a counterexample as an illustration. This calls into question theoretical arguments about Γ in embedded clusters and it suggests that there is no firm theoretical ground for low Γ in galaxies with lower star formation rates (SFRs). Instead, the assumption that all stars form in embedded clusters is in agreement with observational data for the youngest stars (age ≲ 10 Myr). In the Γ-1 scenario, the observed fraction of the youngest stars in clusters increases with the SFR only weakly; the increase is caused by the presence of more massive clusters in galaxies with higher SFRs, which release fewer stars to the field in proportion to their mass. The Γ-1 model yields a higher fraction of stars in clusters for older stars (ages between 10 Myr and 300 Myr) than what is observed. This discrepancy can be caused by initially less compact clusters or a slightly lower star-formation efficiency than originally assumed in the Γ-1 model, or by interactions of the post-gas-expulsion revirialised open clusters with molecular clouds.
The origin of the high metallicity of close-in giant exoplanets
Authors: Shibata S. , Helled R. , Ikoma M.
Published: January 2022

Context. The composition of gas giant planets reflects their formation and evolution history. Revealing the origin of the high heavy-element masses in giant exoplanets is an objective of planet formation theories. Planetesimal accretion during the phase of planetary migration could lead to the delivery of heavy elements into gas giant planets. In our previous paper, we used dynamical simulations and showed that planetesimal accretion during planetary migration occurs in a rather narrow region of the protoplanetary disk, which we refer to as the “sweet spot” for accretion.

Aims. Our understanding of the sweet spot, however, is still limited. The location of the sweet spot within the disk and how it changes as the disk evolves were not investigated in detail. The goal of this paper is to reveal the nature of the sweet spot using analytical calculations and to investigate the role of the sweet spot in determining the composition of gas giant planets.

Methods. We analytically derived the required conditions for the sweet spot. Then, using the numerical integration of the orbits of planetesimals around a migrating planet, we compared the derived equations with the numerical results.

Results. We find that the conditions required for the sweet spot can be expressed by the ratio of the aerodynamic gas damping timescale of the planetesimal orbits to the planetary migration timescale. If the planetary migration timescale depends on the surface density of disk gas inversely, the location of the sweet spot does not change with the disk evolution. We expect that the planets observed inner to the sweet spot include a much greater amount of heavy elements than the planets outer to the sweet spot. The mass of planetesimals accreted by the protoplanet in the sweet spot depends on the amount of planetesimals that are shepherded by mean motion resonances. Our analysis suggests that tens Earth-masses of planetesimals can be shepherded into the sweet spot without planetesimal collisions. However, as more planetesimals are trapped into mean motion resonances, collisional cascade can lead to fragmentation and the production of smaller planetesimals. This could affect the location of the sweet spot and the population of small objects in planetary systems.

Conclusions. We conclude that the composition of gas giant planets depends on whether the planets crossed the sweet spot during their formation. Constraining the metallicity of cold giant planets, which are expected to be beyond the sweet spot, with future observations would reveal key information for understanding the origin of heavy elements in giant planets.
After the Indian Ocean Tsunami (IOT): Natural beach recovery, Meulaboh, Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Buck Lucy , Bristow Charlie , Meilianda Ella
Published: January 2022

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) offers an efficient and non-invasive method of identifying and characterising subsurface features. It has previously been used to investigate both tsunami deposits and marine erosion surfaces from tsunamis as well as the structure of the structure of prograding beaches. The present study investigates beach deposits at Meulaboh, western coast of Aceh Province in Sumatra Island of Indonesia, to estimate the volume of sediment that has been deposited since the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, using the GPR with an antenna of 200 MHz. Two profiles perpendicular to the coastline were collected, one 93 m long and the other 30 m long, to capture the internal profile of beach ridge deposition. From the GPR measurement the amount of 1,190,191,716 tons of sediment redeposited along the 1092 m coastline since the 2004 tsunami, with a prograding length of 73 m per year. As beaches provide a good form of tsunami protection the rapid beach recovery and the return of a large amount of sediment helps provide much needed coastal protection to the area.
An update on reservoir operating rules following changes on the effective capacity due to land erosion
Authors: Azmeri Azmeri , Sundary Devi , Mutiawati Cut , Rani Hafnidar A.
Published: January 2022

Reservoirs play a role in decreasing the temporal variability of river flow by regulating the reservoir water release for several downstream water needs. The Keuliling Reservoir was built to meet the needs of irrigation water. However, the dry season in Aceh Besar Regency significantly impacts irrigation areas because water from the Keuliling Reservoir cannot meet the demands. During the dry season, which is also the beginning of the second rice planting season (for gadu rice variety), the water source of the Keuliling Reservoir significantly decreases. The rate of land erosion leads to sedimentation, which may cause a reduction in the effective reservoir capacity. A decline in reservoir function due to sedimentation can affect the reservoir’s performance. The reservoir operating rules need to be adjusted due to a decline in capacity caused by sedimentation. This study aims to develop updated reservoir operating rules that can be used as an operational guideline for the Keuliling Reservoir. The study used a non-linear program to optimize the reservoir operation, which required objective functions and constraints. Optimization will result in reservoir operations that can supply water according to the target rice field area in normal and wet years. The irrigation area is 578 hectares for Group I (Keuliling Upstream Irrigation Area) and 1053 ha for Group I (Keuliling Downstream Irrigation Area). However, in the dry year of Group I (DI Keuliling Hulu), with an irrigation area of 578 hectares, the rice planting pattern (one rice planting season) begins with the planting season in October I. In addition, in Group II (DI Keuliling Hilir), with an irrigation area of 781 ha, the rice planting pattern (one rice planting season) starts the planting season in October II. The reduced inflows during dry years have decreased the target irrigation area by 113 ha. This Keuliling Reservoir operating manual can determine the reservoir water release to balance it with needs and storage targets.
Focal mechanism and source determination of the Padang Lawas earthquake april 30, 2020, using moment tensor inversion
Authors: Agung Prasetyo Retno , Rohadi Supriyanto , Florida Riama Nelly , Hadi Perdana Yusuf , Setyo Yuliatmoko Rahmat , Ristiyono Lewi , Sinambela Marzuki
Published: January 2022

The earthquake focal mechanism is one of the essential parameters in understanding the characteristics of an earthquake source. For example, the earthquake mainshock at the Padang Lawas Regency and South Tapanuli Regency on April 30, 2020, caused some damage to houses, schools, and mosques, especially in the South Tapanuli Regency. BMKG released the first information that the earthquake was 1.17N, 99.53E, 24 kilometers northwest of Padang Lawas, North Sumatra province, at a depth of 10 kilometers, Thursday (30/4/2020) at 15.20.25 Local Time with a magnitude of 5.6. The purpose of this study is to determine the focal mechanism of the Padang Lawas earthquake mainshock on April 30, 2021, and determine the fault nodal plane that best suits local tectonic conditions. We used the moment tensor inversion method by using waveform velocity data from the BMKG mini regional station seismic network installed in 2019 and close to the epicenter, namely TTSM, PLSM, LTSM, and RRSI. We also used the velocity model from AK135. In this study, we applied the filter technique using a Butterworth bandpass filter with a lower limit of 0.05 Hz, an upper limit of 0.10 Hz, and a cut frequency of 0.13 Hz. The result of the moment tensor inversion shows the variance of the observation and calculation data is 0.3824. The earthquake source parameters show that the Nodal I plane with strike/dip/slip values is 100.1/88.3/7.5 and the Nodal II plane with strike/dip/slip values is 9.9/82.5/178.3. The value of Seismic Moment (Mo) is 0.4653E+17 Nm or Mw 5. Based on the distribution of aftershocks and the mechanism pattern of the Tapanuli earthquake source on April 30, 2020, it is consistent with the nodal plane II. The mechanism is in the form of a strike-slip fault and corresponds to the movement mechanism of the Sumatran fault system in the Toru segment. Therefore, the tectonic conditions in the southern part of Padang Lawas Regency and South Tapanuli Regency are classified as active. Thus, the government and society need to be aware and make mitigation efforts against the impact of the next earthquake in the future.
Analysis of land use change using normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) as input parameter to flood risk assessment of Krueng Kluet watershed in South Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Zaitun Nurnalisa Fitri , Meilianda Ella , Azmeri
Published: January 2022

Flood events have been escalating in the last decade at the Kluet River, one of the major rivers in the South Aceh district, Aceh Province, Indonesia. The frequent flood events have made remarkable changes to the river morphology including river meander and delta particularly at the downstream. One of the interplaying parameters contribute to flood events is the land use changes in the watershed. This study aimed to analyze the land use changes of Krueng Kluet Watershed using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The satellite image data series were obtained to remotely monitor the land use change over 20 years period (1998-2018). NDVI was used in classifying the vegetation density distribution value of the Krueng Kluet Watershed. The output of the study explained that there were increase in the plantation, bareland, grassland, water and settlement areas, while in contrary the forest area and bush. There was an increase by 8.05%, 0.15%, 0.14%, 0.10%, and 0.07% respectively to the plantation, bareland, grassland, water, settlements/urban areas, during the period of 1998-2018. On the other hand, the forest and bush were significantly decreased by 8.25%, and 0.3, respectively in the same period. Overall, the land use changes have also increased the Curve Number (CN) of Krueng Kluet Watershed from 61.8 in 1998 to 62.1 in 2008 and to 62.5 in 2018. This suggests the land use change as an important parameter to take into account in flood risk assessment of the Krueng Kluet Watershed
Landslide tsunami impact assessment toward human lives using numerical modelling: A case study from Banten, Indonesia
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Rasyif Teuku , Mahlil Teuku
Published: January 2022

After the eruption of Mount Anak Krakatoa, December 22, 2018, which was accompanied by a large landslide into the waters of the Sunda Strait, resulting a tsunami that hit South Coast of Lampung and West of Banten. According [1], 437 peoples were death, 31,942 peoples were injured and 10 peoples were lost due to this disaster. The tsunami impact toward human lives was calculated by using the human instability equation [3] and TUNAMI Two Layer model was applied to simulate the landslide and propagation of tsunami [2]. The simulation results were validated with observations and field measurements data [1]. The result of simulation showed that flow depth of the tsunami reached 0.29-5.83 m with the tsunami velocity about 0.23-7.49 m/s along the shore of Pandeglang Regency. Using Aida Equation for validate simulation results, has K = 0.96733. The results of calculations using the human instability equation show that the value of hazard risk (HR) > 1 because all critical velocity values lower than velocity of simulation. So, it was mean that tsunami waves occurred in Banten especially Pandeglang Regency has high risk impact for the balance of the human body and this condition related with the observation condition that show many victims included people died and injured in this area.
A preliminary result of microtremor study to identify the subsurface condition in the Aceh Tenggara region
Authors: Simanjuntak Andrean V. H. , Muksin Umar
Published: January 2022

The Aceh Tenggara region is located in an tectonically active region and it can be categorized as the prone-area. Historically, there were many major earthquakes occured the active fault called the Tripa segment that has generated massive damages and losses. The study of the seismic vulnerability around the highly populated city in the Aceh Tenggara region, Kutacane City, as the center of economy and office activities must be conducted to prepare the suitable earthquake mitigation program. The microtremor have been recorded at 25 sites with one km grid interval between all points. The record lengths have 30 minutes duration at each site, and they were measured with the Taurus Seismometer in miniseed format. The data were analyzed by using the HVSRpy in order to obtain the Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio for each site by means of the geometric-mean and the multiple azimuths methods. Both methods provided a similar result at both focuses with dominant frequency of 0.8 Hz at the AT01 site and 4.8 Hz at the AT14 location. The preliminary result shows that the higher dominant frequency were recorded along the southern part of the Kutacane city which is associated with the Alas formation.
Development of fragility curve due to the effect of tsunami force on existing building in Banda Aceh city
Authors: Irfan Zu , Abdullah  , Afifuddin Moch.
Published: January 2022

Aceh is located on the Indian Ocean Coast which is very prone to Tsunamis, this is due to frequent large earthquakes due to Megatrust faults, such as those that occurred during the earthquake on December 26, 2004. Based on the 2012 Aceh earthquake, the Acehnese prefer horizontal evacuation to vertical evacuation [1]. In this case, many people in Banda Aceh do not believe in the strength of TVE buildings (distrust building). From this research, it it is possible for the Acehnese will do the same thing in the future when the tsunami occurs. Horizontal evacuation puts them at risk of traffic accidents so that they cannot reach a safe area in a short time, whereas through vertical evacuation they can reach the TVE of a building in a short time due to its proximity to settlements. When the earthquake and tsunami occured Banda Aceh in 2004, many buildings were destroyed due to the earthquake load and also the Tsunami load. For this problem, a vulnerability analysis of buildings that can be used as TVE buildings can be carried out. If an earthquake magnitude more than 7.0 Mw can cause a tsunami, the TVE building should be counted on the structural strength caused by the Tsunami waves. In this research, a hydrodynamic analysis will be carried out due to air pressure and collision which is a function of velocity and depth of flow and also the influence of drag and drift variables on the building.
A comparative analysis of seismic and tsunami fragility curves for school buildings in Banda Aceh coastal area
Authors: Irvansyah Rifqi , Rusydy Ibnu , Simanjuntak Andrean V H
Published: January 2022

The potential for a large disaster in Banda Aceh City requires that the school buildings to be highly resilient to the risks that may arise. One of the efforts to evaluate the performance of the building structure is by developing a fragility curve that shows the probability of damage to school buildings. For seismic susceptibility, the fragility curve is formed using the Incremental Dynamic Analysis method which uses historical earthquake data. As for tsunami susceptibility, the fragility curve is formed by reviewing the inundation heights that have occurred based on the data that have been available. The aim of this study is to elaborate the seismic and tsunami susceptibility of the typical school buildings that located in three coastal districts in Banda Aceh City. The summary results of this study indicate that it is necessary to carry out periodic maintenance of school buildings in the coastal area of Banda Aceh city so that they become strong buildings and are ready to be used if a large-scale disaster occurs.
The implementation of disaster education after the sixteen years of the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami in Aceh-Indonesia: Progress or regress?
Authors: Ridha Syahrul , Rahman Alfi , Wahab Abdi Abdul , Annaba Kamil Puspita
Published: January 2022

Strengthening disaster education for the community is an effort to build awareness, knowledge, and actions that need to be taken before, during, and after a disaster. Disaster risk communication plays an important role in disaster education as an effort to provide views about disasters to the community. This study aims to look at the progress of the implementation of disaster education school-based after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Progress is assessed through two aspects, namely: (1) the national curriculum in education unit level, namely Elementary Schools; Junior High School; and Senior High Schools, and (2) the implementation of disaster education school-based in the learning process. The national curriculum will synthesize by using a comprehensive literature review in national curriculum documents. This study applied a content analysis method in analyzing the qualitative data. The questionnaire survey was conducted at (Sekolah Siaga Bencana, SSB) in two districts affected by the 2004 tsunami. A literature study on the national curriculum documents in schools shows that disaster education has been integrated into the curriculum; for example, learning in elementary schools uses a thematic learning approach following factual conditions in the field, such as learning related to disasters. In junior high schools, the curriculum is integrated in an integrated manner in social science learning to provide awareness and knowledge about disasters. Meanwhile, the high school curriculum is integrated into geography subjects to increase knowledge and skills about disasters and make decisions before, during, and after a disaster occurs. This progress has occurred since the change in the curriculum from the KTSP curriculum (2006-2012) to the National Curriculum (2013). However, there are still several obstacles in implementing disaster education in Aceh, such as a lack of facilities for disaster learning. Therefore, a synergy between the government and schools is needed to improve disaster education school-based implementation within the national curriculum.
The change of land use and land suitability of agriculture due to flow liquefaction in Palu and Sigi valley after the Palu earthquake in September 2018
Authors: Nurdin Sukiman , Akbar Ali Amar , Marhum F.A , Ramadhani Sriyati
Published: January 2022

After the Palu earthquake in 2018, there were many paddy fields has been impacted by liquefaction in three locations, namely, Sibalaya is around 30 Ha, Jono Oge is about 1784 ha, and Petobo was affected around 388 Ha. The entire paddy fields affected are about 2.202 Ha. The procedure model was used to analyse the most suitable location for the rainfed agricultural and irrigated crops after the Palu Earthquake in September 2018. Four levels of land suitability class were pre-pared based on five criteria: rainfall, temperature, slope percentage, soil types, and the spatial distribution of groundwater wells. The process in land suitability analysis with GIS after the suitability class of each parameter is an overlay process after some exploration and testing with the Land; the results show about 65% of the paddy fields land is in category S2; this limiting factor will affect its productivity, requiring additional inputs. The land users themselves can usually overcome these boundaries. And others about in class S3 is about 35% Paddy fields Land has a heavy limiting factor, which will significantly affect its productivity, requiring more additional input than Land Classified as S2. To overcome the limiting factor in S3 requires high capital, so there needs to be assistance or intervention (intervention) from the government or the private sector.
Community strategies in the development of Merapi permanent settlements
Authors: Ramadhan Bagus , Bidari Adninda Gardyas
Published: January 2022

Merapi relocated settlements has been inhabited since 2012, two years after the Merapi Volcano eruption. Despite the adequate facilities, the land and house are not enough to accommodate the additional family members. Adapting to the condition, the community made several improvements in the physical condition of the permanent settlement. This study aims to determine the community’s strategies in the Karangkendal and Plosokerep resettlement area in developing their dwellings. The observation includes the community’s methods in enhancing the existing housing and its funding strategies in developing houses in general. Employing a case study approach, observation and in-depth interviews conducted with the head of the family and the head of the local hamlet. Based on the analysis, most of the community in the Karangkendal and Plosokerep resettlement area prefer to develop their existing houses. Although several residents consider leaving the resettlement area, most of them remain to stay and develop the existing house because building a new house requires a lot of money. They spend their private savings that are soon considered as the community’s financial strategy. To fulfill that demand, the community needs external support. For instance, the government could provide revolving funds or build a coop that effectively supports housing improvement.
Coastal management status of Banda Aceh city and Aceh Besar and the future trends
Authors: Irham Muhammad , Authar Muhammad , Miswar Edy , Deli Anwar
Published: January 2022

The study aims to identify how to manage coastal zones, the scope, rationality of coastal development, challenges, frameworks, environmental impacts, and future trends in Banda Aceh City and Aceh Besar. This research is based on information from the scientific literature and secondary data. The results of the study inform that currently integrated coastal management in Banda Aceh City and Aceh Besar is not mainly used for coastal development strategies. Therefore, this coastal area requires integrated management to build reciprocal interactions between coastal communities, policies, the environment to achieve sustainable development. This coastal zone has a diversity of natural resources, minerals and tourism potential and much more to explore, therefore Banda Aceh City and Aceh Besar need to take roles and initiatives in marine governance. Judging from the results of the trend that the status of coastal management in Banda Aceh City and Aceh Besar has development opportunities that can reduce coastal poverty and contribute to local economic development.
High order approximation of Hodge Laplace problems with local coderivatives on cubical meshes
Authors: Lee Jeonghun J.
Published: January 2022

In mixed finite element approximations of Hodge Laplace problems associated with the de Rham complex, the exterior derivative operators are computed exactly, so the spatial locality is preserved. However, the numerical approximations of the associated coderivatives are nonlocal and can be regarded as an undesired effect of standard mixed methods. For numerical methods with local coderivatives, a perturbation of low order mixed methods in the sense of variational crimes has been developed for simplicial and cubical meshes. In this paper we extend the low order method to all high orders on cubical meshes using a new family of finite element differential forms on cubical meshes. The key theoretical contribution is a generalization of the linear degree, in the construction of the serendipity family of differential forms, and this generalization is essential in the unisolvency proof of the new family of finite element differential forms.
Nachbesprechung von Zwangsmaßnahmen
Authors: Milena Freier Deborah
Published: January 2022

Zwangsmaßnahmen können Patienten psychisch zutiefst erschüttern. Um traumatische Folgen zu vermindern und ähnliche Situationen künftig zu vermeiden, ist es sinnvoll, die Zwangsmaßnahme mit dem Patienten im Nachhinein zu besprechen. Förderlich ist dabei ein Gesprächsleitfaden, mit dem alle Aspekte erfasst werden, die zu der Zwangsmaßnahme geführt haben und fortan verhindert werden sollen.
Der vergessliche Clown
Authors: Kurz Oliver
Published: January 2022

Als Clown in einer pflegerischen Einrichtung auf Menschen mit Demenz zu treffen, ist eine Begegnung im Moment: offen, echt und unbefangen, voller Wertschätzung und Empathie. Warum der Clown für diese Art der Begegnung besonders geeignet ist und wie er die Freude am Sein (wieder-)erweckt, schildert unser Autor, der bei seinen Clown-Visiten selbst schon viele Herzen berührt hat.
Vascular and Interventional Radiology in Sudan
Authors: Mohammed Alaaeldeen Mohammed
Published: January 2022

There are only 4 interventional radiologists working in Sudan with many difficulties such as lack of resources and high cost of interventional equipments and procedures. This result in shortage of interventional radiology services which is severely affecting the quality of patient care.
Physicians' Views on Utilization of an Electronic Health Record–Embedded Calculator to Assess Risk for Venous Thromboembolism among Medical Inpatients: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Moss Stephanie R. , Martinez Kathryn A. , Nathan Cassandra , Pfoh Elizabeth R. , Rothberg Michael B.
Published: January 2022

Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE) causes preventable in-hospital morbidity. Pharmacologic prophylaxis reduces VTE in at-risk patients but also increases bleeding. To increase appropriate prescribing, a risk calculator to guide prophylaxis decisions was developed. Despite efforts to promote its use, providers accessed it infrequently.

Objective This study aimed to understand provider perspectives on VTE prophylaxis and facilitators and barriers to using the risk calculator.

Design This is a qualitative study exploring provider perspectives on VTE prophylaxis and the VTE risk calculator.

Participants We interviewed attending physicians and advanced practice providers who used the calculator, and site champions who promoted calculator use. Providers were categorized by real-world usage over a 3-month period: low (<20% of the time), moderate (20–50%), or high (>50%).

Approach During semistructured interviews, we asked about experiences with VTE, calculator use, perspectives on its implementation, and experiences with other risk assessment tools. Once thematic saturation was reached, transcripts were analyzed using content analysis to identify themes.

Results Fourteen providers participated. Five were high utilizers, three were moderate utilizers, and six were low utilizers. Three site champions participated. Eight major themes were identified as follows: (1) ease of use, (2) perception of VTE risk, (3) harms of thromboprophylaxis, (4) overestimation of calculator use, (5) confidence in own ability, (6) underestimation of risk by calculator, (7) variability of trust in calculator, and (8) validation to withhold prophylaxis from low-risk patients.

Conclusions While providers found the calculator is easy to use, routine use may be hindered by distrust of its recommendations. Inaccurate perception of VTE and bleeding risk may prevent calculator use.
Crack propagation in low dislocation density quantum dot lasers epitaxially grown on Si
Authors: Shang Chen , Begley Matthew R. , Gianola Daniel S. , Bowers John E.
Published: January 2022

Low threading dislocation density in epitaxial lasers on Si is required for high performance and robust devices for silicon photonic integrated circuits. However, as the threading dislocation density is further reduced, a point is reached where it is energetically favorable for cracking to occur in the layers after cooldown to room temperature due to the thermal expansion coefficient mismatch between the film and the substrate. This can be solved in most cases by increasing the optical confinement and reducing the total layer thickness. We combine models of dislocation motion (controlling plastic relaxation) and thin film channel cracking to describe the impact of dislocation density and cooling rate, which addresses a well-known and previously unsolved problem in heteroepitaxial growth for optoelectronic and electronic devices. Agreement between predictions and experiments illustrates that the model is effective in identifying critical dislocation densities, film thickness, and cooling rates that avoid cracking. We believe that this work is the first attempt to merge the fracture mechanism and dislocation-mediated plastic relaxation in semiconductor films to solve a practical problem in optoelectronic materials.
Design and testing of an intermittent fertilisation method for seeding of maize (
Authors: Pan Rui , Meng Zhijun , Dong Jianjun , Shang Yehua , Mei Hebo , Yan Bingxin , Fu Weiqiang , Gao Nana , Xue Zhong , Zhang Zhaoguo
Published: January 2022

The fertiliser that is applied between maize (Zea mays L.) plants via furrow application cannot be completely absorbed and used because of the wide planting space, resulting in fertiliser wastage and soil pollution. To address this issue, we proposed an intermittent fertilisation method for single maize plant seeding, and designed a fertilisation device that can control the intermittent timing and duration of fertiliser application. A simple indoor bench test was done to verify the feasibility of the device. A synchronised control model of the seed and fertiliser was also established. Thus, a quantitative precision intermittent fertilisation system for a single maize plant was developed. The technique was integrated and applied in a current mainstream quantitative precision seeder and fertiliser feeder for maize in field trials. The trial results showed that the average centre distance between the seed and the fertiliser was 5–8 cm and the qualification rate was >90%. The effective length of fertilisation was about one-third of plant spacing, and the largest coefficient of variation was 12.37%. In conclusion, the present quantitative precision interval fertilisation system can feed and apply fertiliser to the predetermined fertiliser site of maize plants, realising the ‘one seed and one fertiliser’ seeding and fertilisation mode, which reduced the fertiliser application amount and increased the fertiliser utilisation rate.
Extracellular vimentin is an attachment factor that facilitates SARS-CoV-2 entry into human endothelial cells
Authors: Amraei Razie , Xia Chaoshuang , Olejnik Judith , White Mitchell R. , Napoleon Marc A. , Lotfollahzadeh Saran , Hauser Blake M. , Schmidt Aaron G. , Chitalia Vipul , Mühlberger Elke , Costello Catherine E. , Rahimi Nader
Published: January 2022

Significance

Human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the most widely known entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2. The possible involvement of other cellular components in viral entry mechanisms remains unknown. Vimentin is expressed in human endothelial cells, binds to SARS-CoV-2-spike, and expedites SARS-CoV-2 entry. Treatment of lung ACE2/A549 carcinoma cells with purified vimentin or coculture of ACE2/A549 cells with HEK-293 cells expressing vimentin increased ACE2-dependent viral entry. CR3022 antibody blocked vimentin interaction with SARS-CoV-2-spike and inhibited SARS-CoV-2 entry. Vimentin could facilitate SARS-CoV-2 infection and contribute to vascular complications associated with COVID-19.
DBI inflation and warped black holes
Authors: Kamenshchik Alexander Y. , Tronconi Alessandro , Venturi Giovanni
Published: January 2022

We study a possible amplification mechanism for the curvature perturbations generated during inflation by a Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) inflaton in the presence of a sharp feature in the warp factor. The large growth resulting in the scalar power spectrum is a consequence of the decreasing speed of sound. We obtain analytical approximate expressions for the relevant dynamical quantities both in the slow roll phase and during the transient phase which leads to the amplification. We finally compare our approximations to the exact numerical evolution and give, in such a context, the general rules for building a viable inflationary model leading to, during the subsequent radiation dominated era, an abundant primordial black holes formation.
Decoding motor imagery tasks using ESI and hybrid feature CNN
Authors: Fang Tao , Song Zuoting , Zhan Gege , Zhang Xueze , Mu Wei , Wang Pengchao , Zhang Lihua , Kang Xiaoyang
Published: January 2022

Objective. Brain–computer interface (BCI) based on motor imaging electroencephalogram (MI-EEG) can be useful in a natural interaction system. In this paper, a new framework is proposed to solve the MI-EEG binary classification problem. Approach. Electrophysiological source imaging (ESI) technology is used to solve the influence of volume conduction effect and improve spatial resolution. Continuous wavelet transform and best time of interest (TOI) are combined to extract the optimal discriminant spatial-frequency features. Finally, a convolutional neural network with seven convolution layers is used to classify the features. In addition, we also validated several new data augment methods to solve the problem of small data sets and reduce network over-fitting. Main results. The model achieved an average classification accuracy of 93.2% and 95.4% on the BCI Competition III IVa and high-gamma data sets, which is better than most of the published advanced algorithms. By selecting the best TOI for each subject, the classification accuracy rate increased by about 2%. The effects of four data augment methods on the classification results were also verified. Among them, the noise addition and overlap methods are better than the other two, and the classification accuracy is improved by at least 4%. On the contrary, the rotation and flip data augment methods reduced the classification accuracy. Significance. Decoding MI tasks can benefit from combing the ESI technology and the data augment technology, which is used to solve the problem of low spatial resolution and small samples of EEG signals, respectively. Based on the results, the model proposed has higher accuracy and application potential in the task of MI-EEG binary classification.