bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved Adhesion of Plasma-Sprayed Ceramic Coatings on Textured Ceramic Substrates
Authors: Ferrasse T. , Costil S. , Darut G. , Bouteiller B. , Auscher M. C.
Published: August 2024

Coating adhesion by thermal spraying method requires sufficient surface roughness on particle scale particles impacting the surface, particularly in the case of plasma spraying with particle melting state. Grit blasting process is mainly used to create the fine asperities required for spread particles to adhere. To further increase adhesion, the use of laser texturing for metallic substrates is benefit and is already well documented in literature. In the case of ceramic substrates such as alumina, grit blasting with corundum particles is no longer effective in creating a roughness of a few micrometers. Laser texturing therefore appears to be a potential candidate for generating adhesion in coatings. In this work, adhesion mechanisms of three different coatings produced by Atmospheric Plasma Spraying (APS) on a textured alumina substrate were investigated. The influence of substrate surface texturing by two different laser methods, a pulsed nanosecond laser and a continuous laser, was studied. YSZ was chosen as a potential Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) and Al2O3 and Y2O3 were selected as bondcoats to observe the variation of adhesion mechanisms on ceramic substrates. Textured patterns and coating microstructures were observed by numerical and electron microscopy. Different adhesion mechanisms occurred depending on coating material. Either the geometrical parameters of the pattern and the surface roughness developed by a nanosecond laser and a continuous laser respectively, can promote mechanical anchoring and thus, a real adhesion.
Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Predicting Particle Properties in Plasma Spraying
Authors: Bobzin K. , Heinemann H. , Dokhanchi A.
Published: August 2024

Plasma spraying is a key industrial coating process that exhibits intricate nonlinear interactions among process parameters. This complexity makes accurate predictions of particle properties, which greatly affect process behavior, very challenging. Specifically, particle velocities and temperatures profoundly impact coating quality and process efficiency. Conventional methods often require empirical correlations and extensive parameter tuning due to their limited ability to capture the underlying physics within this intricate system. This study introduces Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) as a solution. By seamlessly integrating known physical laws and constraints directly into the model architecture, PINNs offer the potential to learn the underlying physics of the system. For comparison, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are also developed. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of a plasma generator and plasma jet model provide data to train both ANN and PINN models. The study reveals an improvement in particle velocity prediction through the proposed PINN model, demonstrating its capability to handle complex relationships. However, challenges arise in predicting particle temperature, warranting further investigation. The developed models can aid in optimizing the plasma spraying process by predicting essential particle properties and guiding necessary process adjustments to enhance coating quality.
Databased Optimization of Coating Characteristics—Challenges and Possible Solution
Authors: Rannetbauer Wolfgang , Hambrock Carina , Hubmer Simon , Ramlau Ronny
Published: August 2024

Thermal Spraying of tungsten carbide is usually performed to optimize surface hardness. However, often there are additional coating or process requirements, e.g., low porosity, low roughness, or high deposition efficiency, that must be met to satisfy the customer or increase the process efficiency. Such optimizations are difficult because various influencing factors, e.g., lambda (λ), standoff-distance, or powder feed rate, have different effects on the individual coating and process properties. In this study, several trials were performed and analyzed (technically & databased) to understand how each influencing factor affects these coating and process properties. It could be determined that there is no general best performance parameter but that only individual solutions depending on prioritized importance of the properties can be obtained. Using data, one way of solving the challenge is the performance of multi-objective optimization. With the help of this method, the challenges of optimization can be solved using test data. The simultaneous optimization can be visualized in a 2D/3D graph. A boundary line can be observed where different process and coating characteristics are optimized. Applying such databased methods can help to work more efficiently as well as more sustainable in development and application.
Experimental and Numerical Study of the Spattering Dynamic Mechanisms in Selective Laser Melting
Authors: Qin Shaocong , Zhang Wenyou , Yin Shuo , Lei Shenghui
Published: August 2024

Spattering is an unavoidable phenomenon in the selective laser melting (SLM) process, which can cause various printing defects and harmful powder recycling. Since the size of powder spattering is too small at the micron level, it is difficult to investigate the entire dynamic spattering process experimentally. The comprehensive understanding of the intricate dynamics of powder spattering during the SLM process remains incomplete. Therefore, we develop a new multiphase flow model to study the transient dynamic behaviors of the gas phase and powder spattering, which agrees well with the experimental observation result. It is the first time that the whole transient dynamic process of powder motion from starting to move induced by the vapor jet to falling to the substrate wall and stopping completely was observed. Powder spattering motion dynamics induced by metal vapor jet and argon gas flow, as a function of time, laser parameters, and location, are presented. The moving speed, total amount, and dropping distribution on the substrate of powder spattering that varies with laser parameters are quantified.
The Effect of Powder Particle Size on Mechanical and Fracture Properties of Cold Sprayed Al
Authors: Kovarik O. , Wick F. , Wiehler L. , Huang C. , Cizek J. , List A. , Gärtner F. , Klassen T.
Published: August 2024

Thick deposits were produced from pure Al powder of three different sieve sizes using cold spraying at the same process parameters. The in-plane mechanical and fracture properties of the deposits were investigated using bending of small specimens in four specimen orientations. It was shown that increasing the Al particle size by approximately 50% and 100% leads to small, but statistically significant differences of yield strength. Further, the increase in the powder particle size led to higher fracture toughness KIC but lower fatigue crack growth threshold ΔKthr. This can be attributed to two different fracture mechanisms in the cold sprayed deposits. A trans-particular fracture in the near-threshold fatigue regime is controlled by the microstructure and work hardening of the particles. At higher cyclic loads and in quasi-static regime, the particle decohesion and the resulting crack path determine the fracture behavior instead. However, the observed effect of particle size was rather small, much smaller than the effect of spray process parameters observed in the previous research.
Plasma-Sprayed Bulk-Like Ni-Based Alloy Coating Enabled by Boron-Containing Powder Design with Exceptional High Tensile Strength
Authors: Li Chang-Jiu , Dong Xin-Yuan , Song Jiu-Jing , Zhu Yong-Sheng , Luo Xiao-Tao , Zhang Li
Published: August 2024

Plasma spraying is the most versatile coating process for depositing a wide range of materials to enhance material performance in harsh conditions. However, severe oxidation during the plasma spraying of metal coatings often results in coatings with high oxide content, limiting interlamellar bonding. Consequently, as-sprayed metal coatings offer inadequate protection against severe corrosion and wear. To address this challenge, we developed Ni-, Cu-, and Fe-based materials containing boron as a deoxidizer. This innovative approach effectively suppresses in-flight oxidation, producing oxide-free molten droplets and enabling the formation of bulk-like metal coatings with sufficient metallurgical bonding between splats. We employed a modified tensile test to evaluate the adhesive and cohesive strengths of these coatings. The Ni-based coatings exhibited adhesive strength exceeding 150 MPa on Fe-based substrates, while cohesive strength surpassed 260 MPa with a novel bond coat. Corrosion and gas penetration tests confirmed the creation of dense, bulk-like Ni-based alloy coatings, demonstrating their potential for various applications in severe service environments.
Opportunities and Limitations of a Holistic Process Monitoring System for Arc Processes
Authors: Weis Sebastian , Brumm Stefan , Grunert Robin , Halmaghi Manuel , Morgenschweis Jan , Bosler Jürgen
Published: August 2024

Thermal spraying, especially wire arc spraying, represents a strong growing and developing technology due to the possibility of current modulation. However, achieving consistently high coating quality in an automated production environment is strongly influenced by a large number of sensitive process parameters, including base current, pulse current, pulse duration, impulse frequency, alternating current frequency, and wire speed. To monitor and store the coating process data, a holistic process monitoring system was designed and tested numerous times. The scalable system is able to compare a wide variety of different process signals on one timeline. In addition to arc spraying, it can also be used for other arc processes. Custom software enables the comparison and analysis of selected process data sets in order to identify and correct irregularities in the process and the resulting coating. This article uses selected examples to demonstrate the opportunities and limitations of the system.
A Comparative Investigation of Feedstock Materials on Multiple Properties of HVOF-Formed Cr3C2-NiCr Coatings: Size Effects of Powders and Carbides on Sliding Abrasive Wear Behavior
Authors: Ma Xinqing , Ruggerio Peter
Published: August 2024

Nowadays, Cr3C2-based cermet coatings by HVOF process are widely recognized for their corrosion and erosion resistance, particularly at high temperatures. These coatings also offer the advantage of being lightweight and exhibiting superior wear, corrosion and cavitation resistance in room-temperature applications. Their lightweight nature and high temperature capability make them an attractive alternative to WC-based alloy coatings and hard Cr plating coatings. The objective of this study is to develop optimal Cr3C2-NiCr coatings by comparing different feedstock materials, including feedstock with nanocrystalline and/or submicron sized Cr3C2 phases. The focus of the investigation is on understanding the impact of feedstock features such as particle size, morphology, and carbide sizes, as well as sliding abrasive wear conditions (specifically SiC grit size and working load), on the coating properties and sliding wear performance. The results of the study indicate that the sliding wear resistance of the Cr3C2-NiCr coatings is highly influenced by the features of the Cr3C2 carbides. The presence of nano, submicron and few microns sized carbides in the coatings improves their density and hardness, leading to a significant reduction in wear rates under test conditions. Furthermore, the size of the abrasive SiC grit on the counter surface plays a significant role in determining the sliding wear behavior of these coatings. Based on the analysis of the test data, the mechanisms behind the performance of the Cr3C2-NiCr coatings have been investigated and used to interpret their sliding wear behaviors. A high microhardness in the coating is considered a reliable indicator of high quality, full density, and satisfactory wear resistance. This study has identified and recommended optimized materials for improved coating properties based on the key findings. These findings contribute to the understanding of the relationship between feedstock features, sliding abrasive wear conditions, and the wear rates of HVOF-sprayed Cr3C2-NiCr coatings.
Dynamic Impact Wear Behavior of HVOF Sprayed Hardmetal Coatings
Authors: Houdková Š. , Duliškovič J. , Vostřák M. , Taranda T. , Skála O. , Musilová R. , Daniel J. , Berger L.-M.
Published: August 2024

Thermally sprayed wear resistant coatings have proven their effectiveness in many applications. Their benefit is unquestionable in the case of mutual sliding contact or abrasive stress caused by hard particles. However, for the case of dynamic impact loading, either single or cyclic, the lifetime of different types of coatings is rarely described, probably due to the complex influence of many parameters. The paper deals with the evaluation of resistance to dynamic impact loading of two types of HVOF-sprayed Cr3C2-rich binary hardmetal coatings (Cr3C2-42%WC-16%Ni and Cr3C2-37%WC-18%NiCoCr) with respect to the variation of their deposition parameters and compares them to a well established Cr3C2-25%NiCr coating. For each coating, a Wohler-like curve was constructed based on a failure criterion of sudden increase in impact crater volume. Besides, coatings deposition rate, residual stress, microstructure and hardness were evaluated. Differences in the coatings dynamic impact wear resistance was found, related to their residual stress. The failure mechanism and crack propagation mode are analyzed using SEM of impact surface and cross-sections. Deformation and related stress changes in coated systems during dynamic impact loading are described using FEA analyzes.
Enhancing the Optimized HEA Bond Coating in TBC Systems via HVAF Technique
Authors: Shahbazi Hossein , Lima Rogerio S. , Stoyanov Pantcho , Moreau Christian
Published: August 2024

To achieve higher engine combustion efficiency while reducing emissions, it is necessary to address the challenges posed by elevated operating temperatures. High Entropy Alloys (HEAs) have emerged as promising materials for this purpose, offering exceptional properties at high temperatures, including synergistic effects and excellent resistance to oxidation and corrosion. In this study, a FeCoNiCrAl HEA was investigated as a bond coat material due to its excellent balance of strength and ductility, coupled with outstanding oxidation resistance. It was deposited using HVAF M3 and i7 guns equipped with different nozzles/powder injectors and pressures. Notably, this research marks the first study of the i7 gun globally for the HEA bond coat, coupled with the optimization of HVAF parameters for both i7 and M3 guns. Characterization of both powder and as-sprayed samples was carried out using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) techniques. The results revealed the formation of a dense and homogeneous microstructure. Additionally, isothermal oxidation tests were conducted to analyze the behavior of the thermally grown oxide. After 50 hours at 1000 °C, a dense, uniform, and thin alumina TGO layer was observed to have formed. These tests revealed that FeCoNiCrAl HEA exhibits significant potential to enhance oxidation resistance at high temperatures.
The Performance of Metal Based Abradable Sealing Coatings Based on Peeling Medium Particle Structure Design
Authors: Guo Dan , Liu Jianming , Liu Tong , Wu Chao
Published: August 2024

In order to overcome the problem of insufficient abradability of existing metal based coatings that cannot meet the requirements of harsh working conditions, this article designs two types of metal based abradable sealing coating materials based on the particle structure of "peeling medium", and studies the basic performance and simulated working condition service performance of the coatings. The research shows that, after undergoing a 1000 hour heat exposure test at high temperature, the two coatings still maintain good hardness, bonding strength, and abradability, indicating that under long-term high-temperature service environment, the two coatings can fracture at the location where the abradable components are exposed, thereby maintaining the abradability and good thermal stability that meet the requirements of use.
Fluid Velocity Sensors Made by Thermal Spray
Authors: Hanna Andre , Chandra Sanjeev
Published: August 2024

Sensors to measure gas velocities in high temperature flows need to be robust, low-profile so that they do not obstruct the flow, and easy to apply on metal surfaces. Thermal spray offers a method of making low-cost sensors that can be applied on large areas. Plasma spray was used to deposit an electrically insulating layer of alumina on a 316 stainless steel block. A 17 mm diameter heater coil was deposited on top of the alumina layer by spraying Nichrome from a twin wire arc spray system through a 3D printed polymer mask. A thermocouple junction was built next to the heater by inserting an insulated Constantan wire through a vertical hole drilled in the steel block and spraying steel on the top of the hole to close it and form an electrical connection between the wire and the surrounding substrate. The junction of the wire and the steel formed a thermocouple whose output voltage was calibrated. A flow loop was built to calibrate the sensor by passing air over it at velocities of up to 5 m/s. A series of 2 min long voltage pulses were applied to the heater, increasing its temperature by approximately 5°-10°C each time, before letting it cool. A calibration curve was developed of the air velocity as a function of the time constant for cooling of the sensor.
Improvements in Cavitation and Slurry Wear Erosion of Inconel 718 Laser Cladding through the NiNb Addition
Authors: Fals Hipolito D. C. , Sabino Simone R.F. , Pukasiewicz Anderson G.M. , Pacheco Jeferson T. , Veiga Marcelo T.
Published: August 2024

The development of materials and alloys for coatings has been increasingly important for reducing costs in different manufacturing processes. The Inconel alloy is widely used due to its chemical inertness and high resistance to high temperatures, but it does not present adequate resistance to erosive wear. In this context, the resistance to wear from cavitation erosion and slurry erosion was evaluated of samples with depositions obtained by laser cladding (Laser directed energy deposition - L-DED) of Inconel 718 and Inconel 718+10%NiNb. The cavitation erosion wear tests were carried out following the ASTM G32 standard (2016), and the ASTM G73-10 standard (2017) was used to evaluate the resistance to slurry erosion wear. The scanning electron microscopy technique (SEM-EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the cross-section and the surface after wear. The wear mechanism was checked and identified. Microhardness profiles of the cladding cross-section were carried out. The mass loss and wear rate due to cavitation and slurry jet erosion of Inconel 718 and Inconel 718+ 10% NiNb coatings were determined. It was proven that the addition of 10% NiNb in the formation of the cladding caused a 45% increase in average microhardness in the cross-section of the Inconel 718 cladding. The addition of 10% NiNb to the Inconel 718 cladding caused a decrease in mass loss due to slurry erosion from 38.9 mg to 21.9 mg (33%) when the erodent impact angle was 60°.
Design and Development of Cost-Effective Equipment for Tribological Evaluation of Thermally Sprayed Abradable Coatings
Authors: Bertuol K. , Rivadeneira F. R. E. , Castilho B. C. N. M. , Moreau C. , Stoyanov P.
Published: August 2024

Thermally sprayed abradable coatings are essential for improving the performance of gas turbine engines. They act as a protective barrier between the stationary casing and rotating blades. Though a lot of research has been done on abradable coatings, little attention has been paid to comprehending wear mechanisms in the abradable-blade tip interaction. The goal of this project is to create a cost-effective test rig that can evaluate different thermally sprayed abradable coatings and understand how they interact with titanium blade tips under application-relevant conditions. Blade tip velocity, incursion rates, incursion depths, reaction forces, and interfacial temperatures are some of the inputs and outputs that the testing rig can provide. Aiming to validate the rig, this study examined the wear behavior of aluminum, thermally sprayed polyester, and AlSi-40Polyester abradable coating. The reaction forces for aluminum and polyester were overall higher when compared to AlSi-40Polyester. However, thermally sprayed polyester showed the highest interfacial temperatures of all materials tested. The difference in the reaction forces and interfacial temperature correlates well with the different wear mechanisms and thermal conductivities. Overall, the equipment showed to be a promising pre-screening methodology to evaluate and develop novel thermal spray abradable coatings.
Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Cobalt Chromium Additively Manufactured Using Direct Energy Deposition: Experimental Study and Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Smith David , Pickett Paula , Grabowski Theresa , Thorpe Joncy , Azarmi Fardad
Published: August 2024

Cobalt chromium (CoCr), a well-known biocompatible material, was additively manufactured using direct energy deposition (DED) technology in this study. Since DED is a relatively new addition to additive manufacturing (AM) processes, there is not enough information about important properties of fabricated parts and components using this technology. This study investigates some important mechanical characteristics of the additively manufactured CoCr using a variety of numerical simulation methods in addition to mechanical tests and experiments. Mechanical experiments such as hardness, wear, and flexural bending test were conducted on DED processed samples. All experiments were also conducted on conventionally processed CoCr specimens for comparison purposes. This study attempts to explain mechanical properties in terms of microstructural characteristics of each sample. DED processed CoCr samples exhibited a complex microstructure with a variety of features such as cellular, columnar, and equiaxed grains within their melt pools. While the DED processed sample had a lower hardness compared to the conventionally processed one, it exhibited a higher wear resistance. These results were discussed in terms of microstructural characteristics and metallurgical bonding knowing that porosity level was negligible in both samples. The out-of-plane mechanical strength of CoCr samples was measured by conducting flexural bending test, and the conventional sample showed a higher flexural modulus than the DED sample. The bend tests were also numerically simulated using two different finite element analysis (FEA) procedures. The FEA results for the DED and conventionally processed samples follow the same trend as the results obtained from the experimental flexural bending test. The layer structure and interfacial bonding of the DED sample could have contributed to the lower flexural modulus compared to the conventional sample.
Cold-Sprayed Aluminum Alloys: Exploring the Differences Between 6061 and 7075
Authors: Rafiee K. , Barbosa de Melo E. , Vo P. , Martin M.H. , Yue S.
Published: August 2024

Cold spray is a solid-state metal powder deposition technique that has proven to be highly effective in depositing a wide range of metals, including aluminum and its alloys. However, higher strength, heat treatable Al alloys appear to exhibit variable deposition efficiencies and responses to heat treatments designed to increase ductility. This work is aimed at understanding the sources of these variabilities. In this study, 6061 (0.9% Mg, 0.6% Si, 0.3% Cu, 0.1% Cr, 0.1% Fe) alloy is compared to 7075 (6% Zn, 1.6% Cu, 2.4% Mg, 0.2% Cr, 0.3% Fe) alloy. These are common heat treatable alloys, but they exhibit quite different cold spray characteristics. Generally, 7075 is more problematic in terms of deposition efficiency and the mechanical properties after heat treatment. The alloys were processed under various cold spray conditions, including laser assisted cold spray designed to soften the 7075, and subjected to heat treatments intended to increase ductility. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the as sprayed and heat-treated coatings were characterized and compared. The results of this investigation will reveal possible mechanisms explaining the different cold spray behaviors and some suggestions will be proposed to overcome the problems associated with 7075.
Investigation of the Pore Formation during the Cold Spray Additive Manufacturing of a Bulk Aluminum Part
Authors: Sokore Mohamed , Deng Sihao , Liao Hanlin , Raoelison Rija Nirina
Published: August 2024

Cold spray is an emergent sold-state manufacturing process based on high-speed consecutive collision of small sized particles powders. Such a cold process principle led to the recent development of coatings for various surface functionalization and direct component manufacturing applications. This study investigates the mechanisms of porosity formation during the additive growth of Al1050 powders. To this end, a thermo-mechanical computational model based on the Eulerian computational approach using the Johnson-Cook constitutive law is applied on the case of an additive growth from a stacking of powder layers. The model uses in-flight velocities measured by a DPV2000 system during a cold spray test and an isentropic gas flow model. The measurements show the velocity distribution within the powder jet at the nozzle exit and consists of a Gaussian-like distribution within the typical range of 450-650m/s. The centerline zone at the nozzle exhibits the highest velocity. These data used as input data of the model allowed to apprehend some circumstances of pore formation, in terms of site occurrence, pore behavior over time, and deficient in-flight velocity.
The relationship between dietary polyphenol intake and adherence to the Mediterranean diet, mental health, and sleep quality among Turkish adults: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Bayram Hatice Merve , Aydın Adile Gizem , Okur Hilal , Karalı Ahmet Evren , Öztürkcan Arda
Published: August 2024

A high intake of polyphenols has been shown to benefit health, protect against the risk of mental disorders, and improve sleep quality. This study aimed to determine the relationship between polyphenol intake, sleep quality, depression, stress, and anxiety in Turkish adults. This cross-sectional study was conducted with adults aged 18-64 between December 5, 2023, and May 12, 2024, in Istanbul, Türkiye. Participants completed a questionnaire with demographic characteristics, the Mediterranean Dietary Adherence Screener (MEDAS), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and a 7-day food consumption record. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0. One hundred nineteen adults (73.1% female, mean age 23.69 ± 3.76 years) participated. There was a statistically significant difference in MEDAS classification across tertiles of polyphenol intake (p: 0.015). After controlling for confounders, the depression score significantly decreased across tertiles of polyphenol intake (OR: 0.990, p: 0.001). Similar results were observed for the anxiety score (OR: 1.006, p< 0.001). MEDAS scores showed a statistically significant difference across tertiles in unadjusted and all adjusted models (p: 0.049, p: 0.030, p: 0.020, and p: 0.015, respectively). Our findings revealed that dietary polyphenols may have a beneficial effect on depression and anxiety.
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Pasien Di Puskesmas Seroja Bekasi Menggunakan Metode Servqual
Authors: Tansiri Roberta Heni Anggit , Setyorini Indri
Published: August 2024

Puskesmas as a health service center has two functions, namely the function of general services and the function of clinical or medical services. Indications of service at the puskesmas can be reflected in the patient's perception of the health services received. Puskesmas Seroja Bekasi has 27 health experts and eight employees in the administrative field. The problem to be studied is about the level of patient satisfaction at the Seroja Health Center and proving the satisfaction level of the Seroja Health Center patient or patient dissatisfaction with the influence of the services provided by the Puskesmas. The method used in this study is a service quality approach to see a picture of patient satisfaction with health services, so that it can be seen the elements that are maintained and improved by the Seroja Health Center and can further improve the quality of its services. From the research results, the gap value (the gap between the reality value and the expected value) for the tangible dimension is (-0.52), the responsiveness dimension is (-0.7), the reliability dimension is (-0.54), the assurance dimension is (-0.54) -0.79), and the empathy dimension is (-0.55).
Perbaikan Unit Hydrocyclone Menggunakan Metode 8 Steps Untuk Mengurangi Losses Kernel Pt Karya Tanah Subur
Authors: Rosyidi Edward
Published: August 2024

Perkebunan memiliki beberapa komoditas, salah satunya adalah kelapa sawit yang merupakan komoditas unggulan pada perkebunan. Perkebunan diolah dengan bantuan alat. Hydrocyclone adalah suatu alat pemisah yang biasa digunakan dalam industri pengolahan minyak kelapa sawit untuk memisahkan bahan berdasarkan berat jenisnya. PT Karya Tanah Subur, merupakan sebuah anak perusahaan dari PT Astra Agro Lestari tbk yang mengelola kelapa sawit menjadi Crude Palm Oil. Perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang pengolahan produk kelapa sawit ini menghadapi tantangan dalam pengoperasian unit hydrocyclone mereka. Salah satu masalah yang sering terjadi adalah tingginya losses kernel, yang menyebabkan rendahnya efisiensi pemisahan biji-bijian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi losses kernel di PT Karya Tanah Subur menggunakan metode eight steps yang melibatkan analisis menyeluruh terhadap faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja unit hydrocyclone. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan menerapkan metode 8 langkah, losses kernel pada unit hydrocyclone di PT Karya Tanah Subur mengalami penurunan sebanyak 4% dengan dilakukannya pergantian cone kernel hydrocyclone dengan standar cone dan pipa inlet dome hydrocyclone yang telah ditetapkan.
FENOMENA PENERAPAN HUKUM PIDANA MODERN TAHUN 2026
Authors: Hartanto Hartanto
Published: August 2024

Perjalanan Panjang hukum pidana kita telah sampai pada pembaharuan Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidnaa (KUHP), hak ini menjadi nilai penting dalam peradaban hukum pidana kita mengingat KUHP adalah backbone pengaturan hukum pidana. Pengesahan sempat tertunda akibat berbagai demo penolakan, namun itu merupakan dinamisasi demokrasi dibidang hukum. UU No. 1 Tahun 2023 tentang KUHP merupakan pengaturan hukum pidana yang mendasarkan pada nilai-nilai keIndonesiaan, diharapkan lebih maksimal dalam memberikan perlindungan hukum bagi seluruh bangsa. Beberapa perubahan yang muncul dalam UU No. 1 Tahun 2023 tentang KUHP adalah masukannya nilai-nilai Pancasila, hukum yang hidup di masyarakat, nilai kesimbangan, dan hak asasi manusia. Dalam konsep pemidanaan juga telah bergeser dari konsep retributif diwujudkan dengan alternatif pemidanaan yang lebih beragam. Pemahaman terhadap filosofis maupun teknis penerapan KUHP yang baru ini menjadi tantangan tersendiri bagi Polri untuk segera mempersiapkan diri sebagai garda terdepan untuk melaksanakan penegakan hukum. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalh yuridis normatif terkait KUHP.  Aparat penegak Hukum harus menjaga keseluruhan kepentingan antara kepentingan individu, perlindungan pelaku tindak pidana dan korban, antara perbuatan dan sikap batin, antara hukum tertulis dengan hukum yang hidup dalam masyarakat (the living law/adat), antara nasional dan universal, serta antara HAM dan kewajiban asasi. Perlunya sosialisasi maupun penyesuaian peraturan perundang-undang dalam lingkup Kepolisian. Mengantisipasi potensi tantangan atau masalah yang mungkin muncul seiring dengan perubahan sistem hukum dalam bidang pidana di Indonesia, yang pada hakekatnya untuk mewujudkan hukum di Indonesia yang memenuhi asas kesimbangan dan berkeadilan.
ASAS PENGAYOMAN DALAM SISTEM JAMINAN PRODUK HALAL DI KABUPATEN ACEH BARAT
Authors: Yuana Adella , Sandela Ilka , Trisna Nila
Published: August 2024

Aceh Qanun No. 8/2016 on Halal Product Guarantee System is based on the principle of protection. The principle of protection is a function of the Government of Aceh to protect the lives of all people, not only Muslims, but all other religious communities. In this case, the Government of Aceh tries to provide a guarantee of legal certainty for products consumed by the community. Based on the data found, there are 94 MSMEs in West Aceh Regency, but only 30 MSMEs have halal certificates. Based on this, there are two problems, namely the implementation of the principle of protection in the halal product guarantee system and how the form of Local Government supervision of the halal product guarantee system in West Aceh Regency. The research method used is empirical juridical which produces descriptive data regarding the Principle of Protection in the Halal Product Guarantee System in West Aceh Regency. The result of the research found that the implementation of the principle of penayoman by the Government of Aceh to provide legal certainty guarantees for products consumed by the public has not been maximized. This can be seen from the number of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises that do not have halal certificates that are still many. The application of the principle of protection that has not been maximised is also influenced by the supervision system that has not been maximised either. Supervision involves several institutions in the West Aceh District Government such as the Ministry of Religion and the Health Office. The main obstacle that occurs is the lack of funds allocated for this limited supervision so the supervision of halal products for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in West Aceh is not optimal
KEWENANGAN KANTOR PERTANAHAN DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SENGKETA OVERLAPPING PADA BIDANG TANAH: STUDI DI KABUPATEN KUNINGAN
Authors: Budiman Haris , Firdansyah Muhammad Faldi
Published: August 2024

Overlapping or multiple certificates occur because there are two certificates on the same land and are officially issued by the National Land Office. As a result this overlap raises a dispute between the parties, and then the certificate is no longer valid evidence. The formulation of the problem is the regulation of overlapping dispute resolution according to legislation in Indonesia and how the authority of the Land Office in resolving disputes overlapping land parcels. The research method used is empirical juridical using primary and secondary data. The results showed that there is no specific regulation regarding disputes over double or overlapping certificates, currently the regulations used by the District Land Office still refer to the Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning number 11 of 2016 concerning Settlement of Land Cases. To reinforce the authority of the Land Office in resolving cases of multiple certificates, a special regulation on the settlement of overlapping land cases is needed. The conclusion shows that the Land Office has carried out its role by its duties, principal, and functions, but because the regulations used are general, many obstacles are found in solving the problem of multiple certificates, therefore there is a need for legal reform and education from the government to the public about the importance of officially registering land.
TANTANGAN HUKUM TERKAIT REGULASI KAMPANYE DI MEDIA SOSIAL DALAM PEMILU 2024
Authors: Ngazis Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji tantangan hukum yang terkait dengan regulasi kampanye di media sosial dalam konteks pemilu 2024. Dengan semakin masifnya penggunaan media sosial dalam politik, terdapat permasalahan hukum yang timbul terkait dengan kampanye politik di platform tersebut. Penelitian ini mempertimbangkan tantangan-tantangan seperti penyebaran informasi palsu (hoaks), upaya menjatuhkan lawan politik melalui konten yang merugikan, dan ketidakjelasan regulasi terkait kampanye di media sosial. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis normatif fokus terhadap perundang-undangan yang ada serta pendekatan deskriptif untuk memahami perkembangan dan dampak praktik kampanye di media sosial. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan mengenai permasalahan hukum yang muncul dalam kampanye politik di media sosial, serta memberikan dasar untuk penyusunan regulasi yang lebih efektif dalam mengatasi tantangan tersebut pada pemilu 2024.Undang-undang yang dapat digunakan dalam menghadapi tantangan hukum terkait regulasi kampanye di media sosial dalam Pemilu 2024 antara lain, Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 tentang Pemilu dan Undang-Undang Nomoe 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (UU ITE). Ketentuan-ketentuan dalam undang-undang tersebut menjadi dasar hukum untuk mengatur pelaksanaan kampanye di media sosial dan menanggapi tantangan hukum yang mungkin timbul dalam konteks Pemilu 2024.
EKSISTENSI SANKSI PIDANA KEBIRI KIMIA DALAM KEBIJAKAN HUKUM NASIONAL DITINJAU PADA PERSPEKTIF HUKUM DAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Hanafi Hanafi
Published: August 2024

Dalam penelitian ini ada dua hal yang peneliti kemukakan didalam rumusan masalah yaitu pertama, bagaimana keberadaan sanksi pidana kebiri kimia sebagai pidana tambahan terhadap pelaku kekerasan seksual pada anak ditinjau dari perspektif tujuan pemidanaan dalam kebijakan hukum nasional. Kedua, bagaimana kedudukan sanksi pidana kebiri kimia dalam kebijakan hukum nasional ditinjau dari perspektif hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif, yaitu penelitian kepustakaan dengan menggunakan 3 (tiga) bahan hukum yaitu bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier yang memiliki relevansi dengan permasalahan yang akan dibahas. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan yang dielaborasi dengan pendekan konseptual. Hasil analisis dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan sanksi pidana kebiri kimia sebagai pidana tambahan terhadap pelaku kekerasan seksual pada anak ditinjau dari perspektif tujuan pemidanaan adalah bertujuan memberikan efek jera dan dianggap sebagai bentuk langkah yang optimal dan komprehensif dengan tidak hanya memberikan pemberatan sanksi pidana tetap juga menerapkan bentuk pencegahan (preventif) terhadap terjadinya kekerasan seksual. Kemudian kedudukan sanksi pidana kebiri kimia dalam kebijakan hukum nasional adalah sebagai pidana tambahan bagi pelaku pelecehan seksual pada anak berdasarkan perspektif hukum pidana merupakan pengembangan langkah pemidanaan dan pola pencegahan terhadap para pelanggar hukum yang diharapkan berkembang secara efektif guna mencegah dan menimbulkan efek jera (deterrent effect). Meskipun demikian dalam perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia hadirnya sanksi kebiri dianggap sebagai bentuk perlakukan penyiksaan, perbuatan kejam dan tidak manusiawi. Kebijakan hukum baru dalam pidana kebiri kimia ini idealnya harus mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor nilai atau pendekatan yang berorientasi pada nilai dan norma di masyarakat.
Comparación de dos métodos de estudio SQ3R y SOAR para una mejor comprensión lectora.
Authors: Dionisio Murakami Mabel Noriko
Published: August 2024

Introducción: Esta investigación intenta contrastar dos métodos de estudio SQ3R (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review) y SOAR (Selction, Organization, Association, Regulation) que hacen uso de estrategias cognitivas y metacognitivas utilizadas de forma diferente en la comprensión de textos. Metodología: La obtención de resultados se realizó mediante pruebas basadas en la taxonomía de Barret (1967)[1]que implicaban  preguntas de comprensión literales, inferenciales, crítica y de apreciación en textos en inglés y en español, además de  la realización de una encuesta de opinión sobre la comprensión lectora. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 100 alumnos de bachillerato de tres ramas distintas. Resultados: Los estudiantes, cuando aplican las estrategias de ambos métodos durante la lectura, obtienen   buenos resultados de comprensión, siendo la técnica SOAR la más valorada especialmente en el ámbito de las ciencias. Conclusiones: El estudio confirma que en las tareas de comprensión los aprendices cuando leen, prefieren el método SOAR y consideran de gran  importancia aplicar este tipo de estrategias para obtener resultados óptimos en sus estudios.
Climate change and migration dynamics in the Horn of Africa: a comprehensive review and future research directions
Authors: Gómez Álvaro Gema , Caro Carretero Raquel
Published: August 2024

Introduction: In this study, relevant references are analysed to establish what factors determine migratory movements in the Horn of Africa and what role climate change plays. Methodology: A systematic literature review in five phases is conducted, selecting 221 relevant references based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. These references are used to analyze migration movements and the factors influencing them. Results: A notable increase in publications is highlighted since 2011, coinciding with a devastating drought in the region. Findings indicate that while climate change is an important factor, other elements such as poverty, insecurity, and conflicts play an even more significant role in regional migration. Discussion: Challenges, such as the lack of reliable data and the need for a multidisciplinary approach to address these complex issues, are identified. The region faces a critical situation with high levels of food insecurity, conflicts, and climate vulnerability, suggesting that climate change is an added factor to an already complicated situation. Conclusions: The study concludes that integrating climate change, migration, and conflicts in future research is crucial to develop effective and sustainable responses.
Opportunities and challenges of multicultural education in Ethiopian public universities
Authors: Tezera Debela , Seyoum Yilfashewa
Published: August 2024

This study assessed the implementation of multicultural education in Ethiopian public universities. Using a qualitative holistic case study design, faculty members were selected from Dire Dawa University and Haramaya University using purposive sampling to participate in the study. In addition to interviews, document reviews, and observation were used to collect data. The findings revealed that the implementation of multicultural curricula is at a very low level. Among the major challenges to the implementation of multicultural education are inadequate resources, prejudiced attitudes towards diversity, curriculum politicization, and institutional fragility.  Nonetheless, the data analysis also revealed that there are potential opportunities for effective implementation, namely the university's nature, multicultural education courses, guidelines, cultural events, co-curricular activities, and intergroup discussions, all of which offer promising prospects. Faculty members' insight can promote multicultural education by leveraging identified prospects, employing strategic approaches, and embracing culturally responsive pedagogy. Further study is recommended for broader context and generalizability.
Recognition of domestic Felis Catus vocalisations using a computational associative model
Authors: Morales-Rodríguez Úrsula Samantha , Carbajal-Hernández José Juan , Luna-Benoso Benjamín , Rodríguez-Jordán Gabriel de Jesús , Martínez Perales Jose Cruz
Published: August 2024

The cat (Felis catus) lives around or with humans and is considered one of the most popular pets in the world. Domestic cats have an extensive and complex vocalisation repertoire, and little is known about the meaning of their vocalisations; these animal sounds have been studied to determine their behavioural characteristics. This work implemented a computational model for cat vocalisation as a signal process to characterise it. Additionally, a recognition model is proposed to identify and associate domestic cat vocalisations with cat intentions. Domestic cat vocalisations were studied by obtaining sounds from audio and video sources stored in the web cloud and processing signals (distress, hiss, howl, meow, fright, purr, sexual call, and trill vocalisations) that belong to some cat situations (soliciting attention, complaining, surprise, threatening, welcoming, fighting, feeling hungry, mating, etc.). In measured signals, environmental noise was removed using a computational algorithm to increase the effectiveness of the recognition process. As a first approach, cat vocalisation patterns were extracted using Welch's method for spectral density estimation, appreciating vocalisation frequency characteristics and statistics. Additionally, a similarity function to compare cat vocalisation signals was developed, excluding useless patterns that could introduce computational problems in the learning phase of the recognition model. Then, an associative memory, the Lernmatrix Thresholded model, was used to recognise the domestic cat vocalisation needed, and pair associations between sounds and moods related to the recognition process result were established, i.e., identifying cat intention through vocalisation by analysing the signals emitted. The experimental results show the performance of the thresholded Lernmatrix among different pattern recognition models, where accurate vocalisation recognition rates are obtained. This computational model emerges as a suitable tool that could be helpful in animal care and ethology science to characterise the behaviour of animals through their vocalisation.
Sociocultural Cognitive Development (SCCD) of language learning in an extended reality environment
Authors: Bhagya-Prabhashini Cheeli
Published: August 2024

The present technology provides multifaceted aid in education through teaching and learning. Synchronous and asynchronous teaching-learning became popular with regular add-on updates with the required amendments, as f2f teaching has restrictions. One such advancement is extended reality (XR) technology in language learning, which has accelerated since the pandemic. Despite the increased use of technology in teaching and learning, few studies concerning sociocultural cognitive development (SCCD) are available. Therefore, this study is concerned with the possibility of Vygotsky’s sociocultural grounds in extended reality (XR) being used as an enriched resource in English language learning (ELL). On this occasion, the study reviews recent scholarly articles on XR tools in language learning to determine how the sociocultural components of XR contribute to potential learning in achieving its outcomes.