bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-objective microservice deployment optimization via a knowledge-driven evolutionary algorithm
Authors: Ma Wubin , Wang Rui , Gu Yuanlin , Meng Qinggang , Huang Hongbin , Deng Su , Wu Yahui
Published: August 2020

For the deployment and startup of microservice instances in different resource centres, we propose an optimization problem model based on the evolutionary multi-objective theory. The objective functions of the model consider the computation and storage resource utilization rate, load balancing rate, and actual microservice usage rate in resource service centres. The constraints of the model are the completeness of service, total amount of storage resources, and total number of microservices. In this study, a knowledge-driven evolutionary algorithm (named MGR-NSGA-III) is proposed to solve the problem model and seek the optimal deployment and startup strategy of microservice instances in different resource centres. The proposed model and solution have been evaluated via real data experiments. The results show that our approach is better than the traditional microservice instance deployment and startup strategy. The average computation rate, storage idle rate, and actual microservice idle rate were 13.21%, 5.2%, and 16.67% lower than those in NSGA-III, respectively. After 50, 100, and 150 evolutionary generations in serval operations, the population members in NGR-NSGA-III dominated the population members in NSGA-III 6,270, 3,581, and 7,978 times in average, respectively, which means that NGR-NSGA-III can converge to the optimal solution much quicker than NSGA-III.
Change Detection and Trend Analysis of Future Temperature and Rainfall over West Africa
Authors: Ilori Oluwaseun W. , Ajayi Vincent O.
Published: August 2020

This paper examined future trends with change detection in temperature and rainfall over three agro-climatic zones of West Africa. Historical (1961–2000) and projection (2020–2099) data of ensemble-mean of six RCMs that dynamically downscaled five GCMs that participated in CMIP5 obtained from Co-Ordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) were used. Standard normal homogeneity, Buishand’s, Pettitt’s, and Mann–Kendall test were used for change point detection and trend analysis at 5% significant level. Inter-annual anomaly and projected change in the seasonal cycle relative to historical mean were investigated. The ensemble-mean evaluation performed for the historical period (1961–2000) using CRU dataset revealed that the change point occurred in rainfall and temperature series in the 1970s and 1980s, while a significant increasing trend is observed in temperature in all climatic zones. Change-point detection test projects rainfall series to be homogeneous as significant change point is expected to occur in temperature for all zones under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 for near (2020–2059) and far-future (2060–2099). For the near-future, an increase in the mean temperature between 0.5–1.30 ℃ and 0.19–1.67 ℃ is projected to occur under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 respectively. Projected relative change in seasonal cycle shows that winter months may witness increase in rainfall amounts under RCP4.5 but significantly dry under RCP8.5 in near and far-future as temperature is expected to become warmer in all months. Rainfall anomaly projects the Sahel to have a reduced amount of rainfall compared to other zones as temperature anomaly reveals a continuous increase in all the zones under the two RCPs. The results of this study show that climate change will intensify in West Africa in the future.
The impact of transcription-mediated replication stress on genome instability and human disease
Authors: Gnan Stefano , Liu Yaqun , Spagnuolo Manuela , Chen Chun-Long
Published: August 2020

DNA replication is a vital process in all living organisms. At each cell division, > 30,000 replication origins are activated in a coordinated manner to ensure the duplication of > 6 billion base pairs of the human genome. During differentiation and development, this program must adapt to changes in chromatin organization and gene transcription: its deregulation can challenge genome stability, which is a leading cause of many diseases including cancers and neurological disorders. Over the past decade, great progress has been made to better understand the mechanisms of DNA replication regulation and how its deregulation challenges genome integrity and leads to human disease. Growing evidence shows that gene transcription has an essential role in shaping the landscape of genome replication, while it is also a major source of endogenous replication stress inducing genome instability. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on the various mechanisms by which gene transcription can impact on DNA replication, leading to genome instability and human disease.
The Prohibition on Constitutional Review by the Judiciary in the Netherlands in Critical Perspective: The Case and Roadmap for Reform
Authors: van der Schyff Gerhard
Published: September 2020

Paradoxically, at roughly the same time in the Netherlands the amendment bill to introduce constitutional review by the judiciary of acts of parliament lapsed in 2018, the State Commission on the Parliamentary System recommended that such review be introduced. This Article analyzes Dutch exceptionalism on the topic of prohibiting constitutional review and comes to the conclusion that it cannot be justified. Focusing on the nature of constitutional change in the country, the recommendation is made that the quest for reform should start with the courts, and not with the constitutional legislature, as has been the case to date.
Is the Primacy of EU Law Based on the Equality of the Member States? A Comment on the CJEU’s Press Release Following the PSPP Judgment
Authors: Lindeboom Justin
Published: September 2020

In response to the BVerfG’s PSPP judgment, the CJEU issued an unprecedented press release in which it claimed that national courts must give full effect to EU law because this is the only way to ensure the equality of the Member States. While the press release does not contain the word “primacy,” the obligation to give full effect to EU law clearly implies primacy of EU law. This article provides a constructive and critical analysis of the press release’s “equality argument.” First, it demonstrates how the CJEU most likely borrowed it from a recent article by Federico Fabbrini, and how the argument is virtually identical to Kelsen’s defense of international law primacy. Second, it criticizes the equality argument for being inconsistent with the CJEU’s case law, and shows how it is either wrong or tautological. After suggesting three possible reasons why the press release nonetheless justifies primacy in this way, the article concludes by showing how the CJEU’s case law is better conceptualized from a Hamiltonian perspective in which full effect is a goal rather than a means.
The German Constitutional Court’s PSPP Judgment: Impediment and Impetus for the Democratization of Europe
Authors: Feichtner Isabel
Published: September 2020

The article explores the understandings of democracy underlying the judgment and its implications for the democratization of Europe. I read the judgement, critically, as impediment and, constructively, as impetus for the democratization of money and society. Firstly, I recount how the Federal Constitutional Court (FCC) through the construction of a “right to democracy” and the concepts of “ultra vires act” and “integration responsibility” asserted its jurisdiction over the limits of European integration. The court’s reasoning prompts me to understand the judgment not as a defense of democracy, but rather as an instance of upholding a “rule of law” that impedes the democratization of society. Secondly, I turn to the pronouncements on the demarcation of monetary from economic competences by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and the FCC. I explain what I hold to be the weaknesses in the FCC’s critique of the CJEU from a doctrinal perspective. I then propose to read the PSPP judgment constructively as introducing a procedural requirement that may democratize monetary policy. Thirdly, I situate my reading of the judgment in the larger debate on the democratization of society and, more specifically, money.
Oblique-change matters: ‘bradyseismic’ institutional change in local government
Authors: Bolgherini Silvia , Lippi Andrea
Published: September 2020

In the last 30 years, Local Governments all over Europe experienced an intense season of institutional change of unprecedented width and intensity. This paper focuses on a neglected type of institutional change, a more indirect one – here labeled oblique-change – that however strongly influences the overall LG institutional change and local autonomy. Taking 2012 as the climax of the austerity period in Europe and Italy as a pilot case for future comparisons, this article shows that oblique-change matters to a considerable extent, and that it is much more frequent and highly impacting than expected. Moreover, it argues that bradyseismic adjustments provoked by oblique-change may turn out in an equally profound change of the local government's asset, as that induced by major reforms.
In-phase and out-of-phase behavior of the East Asian summer and winter monsoons recorded in the South Yellow Sea sediment over the past 9.5 ka
Authors: Wang Liyan , Li Guangxue , Wang Linmiao , Zhang Wenchao , Zhang Yang , Liu Yong , Wang Xiangdong , Wang Haoyin
Published: September 2020

The variability of the East Asian monsoon (EAM) during the Holocene exhibits significant regional response, and its evolution needs further discussion. A well-dated, high-resolution sea-surface temperature record based on long-chain unsaturated alkenones, grain-size data, and clay mineral assemblages from the South Yellow Sea sediment is presented to investigate the sedimentary provenance and reconstruct the EAM over the past 9.5 ka. The results show that the sediments are most likely supplied by the Huanghe. The evolution of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) can be divided into three periods: strong and relatively stable conditions during 9.5–7.0 ka, weakened conditions during 7.0–1.5 ka, and strengthened conditions during 1.5–0 ka. The East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) has experienced five periods: weakened conditions during 9.5–6.7 ka, weak and relatively stable conditions during 6.7–5.6 ka, strong and relatively stable conditions during 5.6–2.6 ka, strengthened conditions during 2.6–1.5 ka, and weak and stable conditions during 1.5–0 ka. Moreover, in-phase correlation was found between the EAWM and EASM at the orbital time scale in response to orbital-driven solar insolation, but out-of-phase correlation at a centennial time scale is predominantly associated with solar activity.
It's All About Solidarity Stupid! How Solidarity Frames Structure the Party Political Sphere
Authors: Thijssen Peter , Verheyen Pieter
Published: September 2020

Inspired by Lipset and Rokkan, the field of political science has primarily focused on party oppositions as a derivative of historically anchored conflicts among social groups. Yet parties are not mere social mirrors; they are also active interpreters of social context. In a globalized era they deploy conflicting frames on how solidarity may be preserved, as recent work on populist welfare chauvinism shows. However, the role of party political agency in framing solidarity lacks an overarching framework. This article therefore proposes a Durkheimian model that takes the integrative pole of the conflict–integration dialectic seriously and distinguishes among group-based, compassionate, exchange-based and empathic frames. The authors test this solidarity framework in Flanders (Belgium) – a good case study due to its fragmented party system and increasing economic and cultural openness. The content analyses of party manifestos presented here suggest that a solidarity-based deductive approach to studying partisan competition is relevant because partisan differentiation along solidarity lines is growing; this evolution converges with similar inductive expert-based and issue-based findings.
FROM ONE VESSEL TO ANOTHER: REFLECTIONS ON THE MUSIC OF NAOMI PINNOCK
Authors: Fox Christopher
Published: September 2020

This article explores aspects of the work of the composer Naomi Pinnock, focusing on six works written between 2012 and 2019: String Quartet No. 2 (2012), The Writings of Jakob Br. (2013), Lines and spaces (2015), Music for Europe (2016), The field is woven (2018) and I am, I am (2019). Each work is analysed and the analyses contextualised within a discussion of the works by other artists that form a creative hinterland to Pinnock's music: respectively art from the Sammlung Prinzhorn, paintings by Paul Klee and Agnes Martin, and the poetry of Rachael Boast.
Successfully treating refugees’ post-traumatic stress symptoms in a Ugandan settlement with group cognitive behaviour therapy
Authors: Goninon Elsa J. , Kannis-Dymand Lee , Sonderegger Robi , Mugisha Doddy , Lovell Geoff P.
Published: September 2020

Background:

High rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are documented within refugee populations. Although research supports effectiveness of trauma-focused cognitive behaviour therapy (TF-CBT) among Western populations, little research exists for its efficacy among refugees living in camps and settlements in developing nations.

Aims:

To investigate whether a culturally sensitive, group-based TF-CBT programme (EMPOWER) delivered in a Ugandan refugee settlement effectively reduced refugees’ post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and whether sociodemographic factors, trauma characteristics, or PTSS severity related to programme completion or treatment outcomes.

Method and Results:

Data linkages were conducted on information provided by 174 Congolese refugees living in a Ugandan settlement (mean age = 33.4 years, SD = 11.7; 49% male). Using a quasi-experimental design, participants who initially completed the intervention (n = 43) delivered across nine 90-minute sessions, reported significant reductions in self-reported PTSS with a large effect size. The delayed treatment group (n = 55) also reported significant treatment gains once they received the intervention. Participants who completed the programme reported significantly greater initial PTSS severity than those who dropped out, while no sociodemographic factors, trauma characteristics or PTSS were associated with better treatment outcomes.

Discussion:

A culturally sensitive, group-based TF-CBT programme delivered in a refugee settlement meaningfully reduces refugees’ PTSS severity and is equally effective for all participants, with the highest retention rates found among those in greatest need of treatment. Programmes such as this, with capacity to treat hundreds of people simultaneously, represent highly cost-effective, accessible, disseminable and effective treatment for PTSS among refugees living in humanitarian settings in developing nations.
Membership born in the Interstitial Spaces of the British Empire: The Indian Question in South Africa from 1860 to 1960
Authors: MARTIN MARINA
Published: September 2020

This article revisits the question of Indian South Africans as a means of looking at a small selection of events1 situated within the dynamics between India, Britain and South Africa from 1860 to 1960, which were particularly influential in moulding the status of membership born within these interstitial spaces of the British Empire. Adopting a wider rather than a nationalist perspective, this discussion contributes to the growing global history scholarship looking at the relationship between India, Britain and its dominions.
Kurzfassung der S1-Leitlinie „Rehabilitation bei Störungen der Raumkognition“ (AWMF-030/126)
Authors: Karnath Hans-Otto , Zihl Josef , Benke Thomas , Brötz Doris , Brinkmann Sabine , Hildebrandt Helmut , Kerkhoff Georg , Kiesewalter Corina , Müri René , Wallesch Claus-W. , Wessel Karl
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung. Gegenwärtig mangelt es noch an randomisierten und kontrollierten Studien zur Behandlung von Störungen der Raumkognition. Lediglich bei der Behandlung des Neglects kann für einige der vorgeschlagenen Therapieverfahren auf methodisch hochwertigere Studien zurückgegriffen werden. Trotzdem bieten gut durchgeführte und dokumentierte Einzelfall- oder Kleingruppen-Therapiestudien hilfreiche und valide Hinweise zur Behandlung auch anderer Störungen der Raumkognition.
A New Frontier in Ionospheric Observations: GPS Total Electron Content Measurements From Ocean Buoys
Authors: Azeem Irfan , Crowley Geoff , Forsythe Victoriya V. , Reynolds Adam S. , Stromberg Erik M. , Wilson Gordon R. , Kohler Craig A.
Published: September 2020

Ground‐based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers have become a ubiquitous tool for monitoring the ionosphere. Total electron content (TEC) data from globally distributed networks of ground‐based GNSS receivers are increasingly being used to characterize the ionosphere and its variability. The deployment of these GNSS receivers is currently limited to landmasses. This means that 7/10 of Earth's surface, which is covered by the oceans, is left unexplored for persistent ionospheric measurements. In this paper, we describe a new low‐power dual‐frequency Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, called Remote Ionospheric Observatory (RIO), which is capable of operating from locations in the air, space, and the oceans as well as on land. Two RIO receivers were deployed and operated from the Tropical Atmosphere Ocean buoys in the Pacific Ocean, and the results are described in this paper. This is the first time that GPS receivers have been operated in open waters for an extended period. Data collected between 1 September 2018 and 31 December 2019 are shown. The observed TEC exhibits a clear seasonal dependence characterized by equinoctial maxima in the data at both locations. Both RIO receivers, deployed near the magnetic equator, show an 18–35% increase in TEC during moderately disturbed geomagnetic periods. Comparisons with the International Reference Ionosphere model show good agreement. The new capability presented in this paper addresses a critical gap in our ability to monitor the ionosphere from the 70% of the Earth's surface that is covered by water.
Pellino1 promotes chronic inflammatory skin disease via keratinocyte hyperproliferation and induction of the T helper 17 response
Authors: Kim Suhyeon , Lee Si-Yeon , Bae Seoyoon , Lee Jin-Kwan , Hwang Kyungrim , Go Heounjeong , Lee Chang-Woo
Published: September 2020

Psoriasis is one of the most common immune-mediated chronic inflammatory skin diseases. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying the immunological circuits that maintain innate and adaptive immune responses in established psoriasis. In this study, we found that the Pellino1 (Peli1) ubiquitin E3 ligase is activated by innate pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), and is highly upregulated in human psoriatic skin lesions and murine psoriasis-like models. Increased Peli1 expression is strongly correlated with the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis by activating hyperproliferation of keratinocytes in the S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle and promoting chronic skin inflammation. Furthermore, Peli1-induced psoriasis-like lesions showed significant changes in the expression levels of several T helper 17 (Th17)-related cytokines, such as IL-17a, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23, and IL-24, indicating that overexpression of Peli1 resulted in the sequential engagement of the Th17 cell response. However, the overexpression of Peli1 in T cells was insufficient to trigger psoriasis, while T cells were indispensable for disease manifestation. In summary, our findings demonstrate that Peli1 is a critical cell cycle activator of innate immunity, which subsequently links Th17 cell immune responses to the psoriatic microenvironment.
PuMYB21/PuMYB54 coordinate to activate PuPLDβ1 transcription during peel browning of cold-stored “Nanguo” pears
Authors: Sun Hua-Jun , Luo Man-Li , Zhou Xin , Zhou Qian , Sun Yang-Yang , Ge Wan-Ying , Yao Miao-Miao , Ji Shu-Juan
Published: September 2020

Refrigeration is commonly used to extend the storage life of “Nanguo” pears, but fruit in long-term refrigeration is prone to peel browning, which is related to membrane lipid degradation. To determine the mechanism of membrane lipid degradation, we identified two R2R3-MYB transcription factors (TFs), PuMYB21 and PuMYB54, from “Nanguo” pears, which were notably expressed in response to cold stress and during the peel-browning process. The results from yeast one-hybrid, electrophoretic mobility shift, and transient expression assays indicated that both PuMYB21 and PuMYB54 directly bind to the promoter of PuPLDβ1 (a key enzyme catalyzing the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids) and activate its expression, which probably enhances the degradation of membrane phospholipids and eventually results in peel browning. Moreover, the overexpression of PuMYB21 and PuMYB54 can greatly activate the transcription of endogenous PuPLDβ1 in both “Nanguo” pear fruits and calli, and their silencing can inhibit its transcription. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and pull-down assays verified that PuMYB21 interacts with PuMYB54 to enhance the expression of PuPLDβ1. In summary, we demonstrate that PuMYB21 and PuMYB54 may have roles in membrane lipid metabolism by directly binding to the downstream structural gene PuPLDβ1 during the low temperature-induced peel browning of “Nanguo” pears.
Impact of rescanning and normalization on convolutional neural network performance in multi-center, whole-slide classification of prostate cancer
Authors: Swiderska-Chadaj Zaneta , de Bel Thomas , Blanchet Lionel , Baidoshvili Alexi , Vossen Dirk , van der Laak Jeroen , Litjens Geert
Published: September 2020

Algorithms can improve the objectivity and efficiency of histopathologic slide analysis. In this paper, we investigated the impact of scanning systems (scanners) and cycle-GAN-based normalization on algorithm performance, by comparing different deep learning models to automatically detect prostate cancer in whole-slide images. Specifically, we compare U-Net, DenseNet and EfficientNet. Models were developed on a multi-center cohort with 582 WSIs and subsequently evaluated on two independent test sets including 85 and 50 WSIs, respectively, to show the robustness of the proposed method to differing staining protocols and scanner types. We also investigated the application of normalization as a pre-processing step by two techniques, the whole-slide image color standardizer (WSICS) algorithm, and a cycle-GAN based method. For the two independent datasets we obtained an AUC of 0.92 and 0.83 respectively. After rescanning the AUC improves to 0.91/0.88 and after style normalization to 0.98/0.97. In the future our algorithm could be used to automatically pre-screen prostate biopsies to alleviate the workload of pathologists.
Detection of the SARS-CoV-2 humanized antibody with paper-based ELISA
Authors: Kasetsirikul Surasak , Umer Muhammad , Soda Narshone , Sreejith Kamalalayam Rajan , Shiddiky Muhammad J. A. , Nguyen Nam-Trung
Published: September 2020

This work reports the development of a rapid, simple and inexpensive colorimetric paper-based assay for the detection of the severe acute respiratory symptom coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) humanized antibody.
Protocells with hierarchical structures as regulated by liquid–liquid and liquid–solid phase separations
Authors: Jing Hairong , Chang Haojing , Lin Ya’nan , Bai Qingwen , Liang Dehai
Published: September 2020

In situ hybridization of oligonucleotides turns a PLL/oligo coacervate droplet into a microcapsule, while the mixture of PLL, oligo, and oligocomp spontaneously forms a composite droplet with hierarchical sub-structures.
Fabrication of a sandwiched silicalite-1 membrane in a 2D confined space for enhanced alcohol/water separation
Authors: Luo Ruiwen , Ding He , Lyu Jiafei , Fu Tianyi , Bai Peng , Guo Xianghai , Tsapatsis Michael
Published: September 2020

The fabrication of a sandwiched silicalite-1 membrane in a 2D confined space and its application for the separation of alcohol/water.
Enhanced fluorescence by increasing dimensionality: a novel three-dimensional luminescent metal–organic framework with rigidified ligands
Authors: Lin Yuhan , Yu Liang , Wang Hao , Li Jing
Published: September 2020

A novel 3D luminescent MOF has been developed by the incorporation of an organic chromophore, demonstrating the photoluminescence of MOFs can be greatly enhanced by increasing their structural dimensionality.
An intraresidue H-bonding motif in selenocysteine and cysteine, revealed by gas phase laser spectroscopy and quantum chemistry calculations
Authors: Goldsztejn Gildas , Mundlapati Venkateswara Rao , Donon Jérémy , Tardivel Benjamin , Gloaguen Eric , Brenner Valérie , Mons Michel
Published: September 2020

Models of protein chains containing a seleno-cysteine (Sec) residue have been investigated by gas phase laser spectroscopy in order to document the effect of the H-bonding properties of the SeH group in the folding of the Sec side chain, by comparison with recent data on Ser- and Cys-containing sequences.
Color tuning of chlorophyll a and b pigments revealed from gas-phase spectroscopy
Authors: Kjær Christina , Gruber Elisabeth , Nielsen Steen Brøndsted , Andersen Lars H.
Published: September 2020

New perspectives of light harvesting: impacts of dimerization and axial ligation on electronic transition energies of chlorophylls in vacuo.
Molecular insight into the anion effect and free volume effect of CO2solubility in multivalent ionic liquids
Authors: Liu Xiaoyang , O’Harra Kathryn E. , Bara Jason E. , Turner C. Heath
Published: September 2020

Linear relationship maps between fractional free volume and CO2solubility in multivalent ionic liquids.
Synthetic applications of type II intramolecular cycloadditions
Authors: Min Long , Hu Ya-Jian , Fan Jian-Hong , Zhang Wen , Li Chuang-Chuang
Published: September 2020

Type II intramolecular cycloadditions ([4+2], [4+3], [4+4] and [5+2]) have emerged recently as an efficient and powerful strategy for the construction of bridged ring systems.
Nucleic acid constructs for the interrogation of multivalent protein interactions
Authors: Yeldell Sean B. , Seitz Oliver
Published: September 2020

Sequence-programmed self-assembly provides multivalent nucleic acid–ligand constructs used as tailor-made probes for unravelling and exploiting the mechanisms of multivalency-enhanced interactions on protein receptors.
Promotional mechanism of activity via three-dimensional ordered macroporous Cu-doped Ce–Fe mixed oxides for the CO-SCR reaction
Authors: Liu Hao , Liang Qiuxia , Liu Jiaxing , Liu Xia , Li Danyang , Xie Shangzhi , Jin Lijian , Dong Lihui , Li Bin , Yao Yinchao
Published: September 2020

Mechanism illustration of 3DOM Ce0.7Fe0.2Cu0.1O2 catalyst for NO + CO reaction.
Bioconversion of methane to cadaverine and lysine using an engineered type II methanotroph, Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b
Authors: Nguyen Thu Thi , Lee Ok Kyung , Naizabekov Sanzhar , Lee Eun Yeol
Published: September 2020

Cadaverine is an important monomer used for the production of bio-polyamides. Based on the genome-scale metabolic model of type II methanotroph, iMsOB3b1_cadaverine, we engineered Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b to produce cadaverine from methane.
Unleashing the therapeutic potential of apoptotic bodies
Authors: Phan Thanh Kha , Ozkocak Dilara Ceyda , Poon Ivan Ka Ho
Published: September 2020

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), membrane-bound vesicles that are naturally released by cells, have emerged as new therapeutic opportunities. EVs, particularly exosomes and microvesicles, can transfer effector molecules and elicit potent responses in recipient cells, making them attractive therapeutic targets and drug delivery platforms. Furthermore, containing predictive biomarkers and often being dysregulated in various disease settings, these EVs are being exploited for diagnostic purposes. In contrast, the therapeutic application of apoptotic bodies (ApoBDs), a distinct type of EVs released by cells undergoing a form of programmed cell death called apoptosis, has been largely unexplored. Recent studies have shed light on ApoBD biogenesis and functions, promisingly implicating their therapeutic potential. In this review, we discuss many strategies to develop ApoBD-based therapies as well as highlight their advantages and challenges, thereby positioning ApoBD for potential EV-based therapy.
A new equation of state applied to planetary impacts
Authors: Wissing Robert , Hobbs David
Published: September 2020

Observed FeO/MgO ratios in the Moon and Earth are inconsistent with simulations done with a single homogeneous silicate layer. In this paper we use a newly developed equation of state to perform smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations on the lunar-forming impact, testing the effect of a primordial magma ocean on Earth. This is investigated using the impact parameters of both the canonical case, in which a Mars-sized impactor hits a non-rotating Earth at an oblate angle, and the fast-rotating case, in which a half-sized Mars impactor hits a fast-spinning Earth head-on. We find that the inclusion of a magma ocean results in a less massive Moon and leads to slightly more mixing. Additionally, we test how an icy Theia would affect the results and find that this reduces the probability of a successful Moon formation. Simulations of the fast-spinning case are found to be unable to form a massive-enough Moon.
Study on gas drainage effect of hydraulic fracturing in soft coal seam
Authors: Li Liangwei
Published: September 2020

Aiming at the difficulty of gas drainage by drilling along the seam in soft coal seam, the permeability of coal seam was increased by hydraulic fracturing test in the field, and the permeability and gas drainage parameters of coal seam before and after fracturing were studied. The results show that: ① The fracture initiation pressure of 3# coal seam in Guojiahe coal mine is 15~20MPa. When the water injection is 30~40m3, the fracturing radius is 15m, when the water injection is 50 ~ 60m3, the fracturing radius can reach 20m, when the water injection reaches 70m3, the fracturing radius can reach 30m; ② Driven by high pressure water, the gas in the fractured area migrates to the unfractured area, and the gas content in the fractured area decreases; ③ The attenuation coefficient of natural gas flow after fracturing is reduced by 50% compared with that before fracturing, and the permeability coefficient of coal seam after fracturing is increased by 50 times compared with that of original area; ④ The recovery concentration after fracturing is much higher than that before fracturing.
Electricity Demand, GDP and Employment: Evidence from Shandong
Authors: Li Bing , Zhang Zhiwei
Published: September 2020

This paper analyses the possible relationship among the electricity demand, GDP and employment in Shandong. The cointegration equation coefficients show that there is a positive correlation among electricity demand, GDP and employment. Granger causality test indicates that there is a one-way Granger causal relationship both from electricity demand to GDP and from electricity demand to employment. Since that Shandong GDP growth can be explained by the increased electricity demand and the increased number of people employed, policies encouraging electricity demand and employment can be issued to help push further economic development in Shandong province.
Research on Funding Differences among Regional Electricity Markets in Northern China based on Thermoelectric Decoupling
Authors: Wang Sen , Sun Can , Gan Zhiyong , Zhou Liansheng , Wang Guilin , Bian Jiang , Xue Zehai , Zhang Changzhi
Published: September 2020

With the development of China’s electricity spot market, planned power and market power will coexist for a long time. At the same time, by avoiding the risk of market price fluctuation through medium and long-term market, spot market guarantees electricity balance and secure operation of the grid. The electricity market mechanism has an increasingly large influence on the operation and dispatching model of power system. In spot market, decoupling operation model of market and non-market power has a large influence on both supply and demand sides and improper dredging mechanism may cause significant settlement deviation. To solve this problem, the paper, taking a city in northern China as an example, analyzes the electricity spot market, compares the sources of difference fund of market and non-market power under decoupling and non-decoupling models and compares the pros and cons of coupling and decoupling. The paper also studies the disparity of difference fund and proposes advice adapted to the electricity spot market development of northern China.
The Key Techniques of Constructing the Database of Treatment Measures for Hidden Troubles in Electric Power System
Authors: Wang Shuchun , Sun Xiaoguang , Geng Jianyu , Han Yuan , Zhang Chunyong , Zhang Weihua
Published: September 2020

This article adopts a research method that combined with theoretical analysis and system design, analyzes multiple dimensions of common safety hazard events, uses support vector machine classification algorithms to filter and mine valuable information in massive data, and establishes a common safety hazard event feature set. This kind of technology can realize the automatic classification of safety hazards and extract their characteristic information, introduce the semantic analysis, word segmentation clustering method to determine the typical processing measures of events, and generate knowledge items to add methods and models to the processing measures database, which can solve the grid safety hazard data entry specifications, In-depth analysis and other issues.
5G Communication Based Distributed Fault Recovery Scheme of Active Distribution Network
Authors: Li Xin , Gao Houlei , Yuan Tong , Xu Bin
Published: September 2020

As more and more distributed power sources are connected to low and medium voltage distribution networks, the traditional single-ended passive distribution networks have evolved into multi- terminal, multi-source active distribution networks. When distributed generations with high permeability are connected to a distribution network, the structure and power flow of this network will change significantly, thus the original fault detection method and reclosing scheme may be challenged, which may cause incorrect action of protection or failure of reclosing. On basis of that, this paper proposes an active distribution network fault recovery scheme based on 5G wireless communication, in which the topology recognition technology and smart terminal units with peer-to-peer communication capability are applied. To prove the method’s feasibility, delay of 5G communication is analysed and tested online. In addition, a model of 10 kV active distribution network is built on Real Time Digital Simulation system. Principle investigation and simulation indicate that the proposed scheme can adapt to the change of network structure and implement the fault self-healing quickly.
The Research of real-time identification system of types of lightning failures of UHV transmission lines based on UV detection technique
Authors: Wang Yunlong , Yan Lidong , Wang Yongning , Yang Guochao
Published: September 2020

Egineering running experience shows that with the increase of the operating voltage of the transmission line, the lightning trip rate is increasing. According to theoretical calculation ， UHV transmission lines should be provided with full lightning protection characteristics；however，running experience shows that the lightning withstand level of UHV transmission lines is high，not completely lightning protection; it puts forward higher requirements for lightning protection design of UHV transmission line in China. UHV transmission line is mainly against direct lightning stroke characteristics， one is caused by lightning counterattack trip，the other is the shielding failure of lightning around the line to strike the wound caused by the wire. The lightning fault type identification is based on the micro topography of UHV transmission tower，accumulation of historical data，the development of a more targeted and high voltage transmission line lightning protection scheme is of great significance. In this paper, a real-time identification system based on UV detection technology, which has high accuracy and fast response time, is proposed for lightning fault types of UHV transmission lines, the systems use ultraviolet light to realize online detection of high-voltage transmission line tower nearby lightning, can effective observation tower near lightning discharge, and it has the characteristics of continuous detection, longdistance, no power supply, no contact and no disassembly, it provides an advanced technology for the detection of lightning discharge in UHV transmission line.
Integrated Energy Multi-Objective Operation Optimization
Authors: Liu Zhao , Hu Mengjin , Zhao Xianlong , Wang Yongli , Yao Suhang , Ma Yang , Zhou Minhan , Song Fuhao
Published: September 2020

The Integrated Energy System (IES) offers a new approach to the energy dilemma. It introduces demand-side response into the Regional Integrated Energy System (RIES) and proposes an operational optimization model considering Integrated Demand Side Response (IDSR) in the framework of RIES. First of all, the typical cold\thermal\electric RIES is used as a framework to establish the multi-energy flow model of RIES based on the energy flow relationships among energy production, conversion and consumption. Then, from the perspective of energy transfer, the potential to enhance renewable energy consumption by carrying out RIES to transfer the system energy flow is analyzed. Finally, the RIES operation optimization model considering IDSR is established with the goal of the economy of system operation, considering the system energy balance and the operating constraints of each energy device, and the solution algorithm is designed. Taking the RIES in a certain region as an example, the proposed method and model were verified computationally, and the results showed that IDR can effectively improve system economics and increase the level of renewable energy consumption.
Experimental results on pulse magnetic field coupling into PCB and its suppression with shielding box
Authors: Chen Longlong , Li Tianle , Jiao Chongqing
Published: September 2020

Due to the periodic switching operation of IGBT, there is a complex and high-intensity electromagnetic environment around the flexible DC converter valve. During this process, strong transit magnetic field caused by the turning on and off of large current can produce induced voltage on the nearby PCBs and even may affect the normal function of the PCBs. In this paper, the induced voltage in the output port on a PCB caused by a pulsed magnetic field is measured in laboratory. The effectiveness of a shielding box on suppressing the induced voltage and the magnetic field is also investigated experimentally. The results show that the induced voltage is about 12mV (in peak to peak value) for a 1.5kA/m, 6.4μs pulse magnetic field, and the shielding box has about 50dB time-domain shielding effectiveness.
Application of non-contact magnetic corresponding on the detection for natural gas pipeline
Authors: Zeng Weiguo , Dang Xiaofeng , Li Shuhua , Wang Hongmei , Wang Hao , Wang Bo
Published: September 2020

This study examined natural gas pipeline by the non-contact magnetic corresponding. To confirm the reliability for the examination of natural gas pipelines by non-contact magnetic corresponding, three abnormal nodes were detected by the appearance inspection and ultrasonic testing. The results suggested that the grade of abnormal nodes by non-contact magnetic corresponding were not absolutely agree with that of the corrosion by ultrasonic testing. However, there was an obvious relevance between the comprehensive index of F by non-contact magnetic corresponding and the maximum degree of corrosion by ultrasonic testing. To sum up, the magnetic corresponding was an effective non-contact detection technology for the natural gas pipeline, while it was necessary to rationally grade the abnormal node according to the comprehensive index of F.
The influence of the Pb Content of Source Transport on its Distribution in the Bottom Layer
Authors: Yang Dongfang , Yang Dong , Ling Weifeng , Lin Dong , Li Haixia
Published: September 2020

Based on the survey data of Jiaozhou Bay in 1992, the vertical distribution and seasonal
variation of Pb in the surface and bottom waters from the bay center to the south of the bay mouth were
studied, and the seasonal distribution, range and horizontal distribution trend of Pb content in the surface
and bottom waters were determined. The results show that in May, August and October, Pb content in the
waters from the south of the bay mouth to the center of the bay, and in the whole water body from the
surface to the bottom, ranged from 4.20 to 24.39 μg/L, which met the national sea water quality standard of
class II, class III and class IV. In other words, water quality was mildly, moderately and severely polluted by
Pb. In the surface and bottom water, the Pb content was from low to high in May, October and August; In
addition, the seasonal change of Pb content in the water body from low to high was as follows: spring,
autumn and summer. In May, August and October, when the content of Pb in the surface layer was high, the
corresponding bottom layer was high. And when the content of Pb in the surface layer was relatively high,
and the corresponding bottom layer was relatively high. It shows that in May, August and October, the loss
of Pb content from the surface layer to the bottom layer was relatively large. Further, in the waters from the
southeast to the center, in May and August, the horizontal distribution trend of Pb in the surface layer was
opposite to that in the bottom layer. But in October, the horizontal distribution trend of Pb in the surface
layer was consistent with that in the bottom layer. What’s more, from May to October, the seasonal variation
of Pb content in the bottom layer of the water body in the southeastern Jiaozhou Bay was mainly decided by
that of Pb content transported by the open ocean current. In the water body in the center of Jiaozhou Bay,
the seasonal change of Pb content in the bottom layer was different from that in the surface layer and from
that in the ocean current. In terms of time scale, in the waters from the southern bay mouth to the center of
the bay, in May, August and October, the Pb content in the surface and the bottom layer changed in the same
range, maintaining the consistency. Furthermore, in terms of spatial scale, in May and August, according to
the high content and increasing trend of Pb transported by the open sea current, the horizontal distribution
trend of Pb in the surface layer was opposite to that in the bottom layer. Nonetheless, in October, the Pb
content transported by the open sea current was relatively low and showed a trend of decrease. And the
horizontal distribution of Pb in the surface layer was consistent with that in the bottom layer.
Probabilistic prediction for the ampacity of overhead lines using Quantile Regression Neural Network
Authors: Jin Xu , Cai Fudong , Wang Mengxia , Sun Yang , Zhou Shengyuan
Published: September 2020

The ampacity of overhead transmission lines play a key role in power system planning and control. Due to the volatility of the meteorological elements, the ampacity of an overhead line is timevarying. In order to fully utilize the transfer capability of overhead transmission lines, it is necessary to provide system operators with accurate probabilistic prediction results of the ampacity. In this paper, a method based on the Quantile Regression Neural Network (QRNN) is proposed to improve the performance of the probabilistic prediction of the ampacity. The QRNN-based method uses a nonlinear model to comprehensively model the impacts of historical meteorological data and historical ampacity data on the ampacity at predictive time period. Numerical simulations based on the actual meteorological data around an overhead line verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Research on overhead line Engineering Cost prediction based on PCA-LSSVM model
Authors: Yabo Shen , Ning Ma , Yan Men , Xin Zhao , Zhenghao Jia
Published: September 2020

In recent years, the investment projects of overhead line engineering increase year by year. Establishing scientific cost prediction concept and optimizing cost prediction method can improve the investment utilization efficiency. Based on the actual cost data of 110kV overhead line project, this paper extracts the principal component factor through principal component analysis and eliminates the correlation between the original indicators. Then, the training sample is input into the least-squares support vector machine model to build a learning network. Finally, the predicted value of the model is compared with the actual cost level for analysis. The prediction results show that the average error rate is less than 5%, indicating that the PA-LSSVM model constructed in this paper can effectively predict the overhead line engineering cost.
Analysis on Standardization of Building Ceramic Raw Material Based on Manufacturability
Authors: Bai Hubin , Gong Ming , Wang Kaifang
Published: September 2020

Building ceramic consume a lot of mineral raw materials. The standardization of raw materials is the trend of ceramic industry. This paper analyzes the manufacturability of clay, quartz and feldspar, and their function in the ceramic production process, aims to provide some thoughts for the realization of raw material standardization, promotes the standardization of raw materials forward, improves the utilization rate of mineral raw materials and reduces environmental damage.
Level control system of connecting rod ultrasonic cleaning based on fuzzy algorithm
Authors: Mo Weiqiang , Liu Na , Li Lin , Han Huanqing
Published: September 2020

During the ultrasonic cleaning of the connecting rod, the liquid level should be constantly changed to minimize the impact of the cleaning blind area. Dealing with the level requirement of connecting rod ultrasonic cleaning，this paper uses the controller based on fuzzy algorithm to control the level. The design of control system including Analysis of liquid level system，fuzzy variables, the controlling rule and control polling list. The controller outputs the actual variable and then operates the solenoid valve to change the liquid level. The response curve of level control system in ultrasonic cleaning is obtained through simulation. The test result of Matlab simulation indicate how fast the system is on responsing,and the design meets the requirements.
Advance on synthesis, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of the anti-epileptic drug: Levetiracetam
Authors: Wang Wei
Published: September 2020

Over the past few decades, many patients around the world have suffered from epilepsy, and epilepsy treatment is a long-term process. Thus, the safety and efficacy of medication for epilepsy are of equal importance. Levetiracetam is a second-generation anti-epileptic drug with a unique mechanism of action, good anti-epileptic efficacy, and safety. The therapeutic field has broad application prospects because levetiracetam offers several advantages over other anti-epileptic drugs. In this review, the synthesis, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and reverse reaction of levetiracetam were summarized and discussed. This paper will be helpful for the development and application of levetiracetam.