The associations of anthropometric, behavioural and sociodemographic factors with circulating concentrations of IGF‐I, IGF‐II, IGFBP‐1, IGFBP‐2 and IGFBP‐3 in a pooled analysis of 16,024 men from 22 studies
Authors: Watts Eleanor L. , Perez‐Cornago Aurora , Appleby Paul N. , Albanes Demetrius , Ardanaz Eva , Black Amanda , Bueno‐de‐Mesquita H. Bas , Chan June M. , Chen Chu , Chubb S.A. Paul , Cook Michael B. , Deschasaux Mélanie , Donovan Jenny L. , English Dallas R. , Flicker Leon , Freedman Neal D. , Galan Pilar , Giles Graham G. , Giovannucci Edward L. , Gunter Marc J. , Habel Laurel A. , Häggström Christel , Haiman Christopher , Hamdy Freddie C. , Hercberg Serge , Holly Jeff M. , Huang Jiaqi , Huang Wen‐Yi , Johansson Mattias , Kaaks Rudolf , Kubo Tatsuhiko , Lane J. Athene , Layne Tracy M. , Le Marchand Loic , Martin Richard M. , Metter E. Jeffrey , Mikami Kazuya , Milne Roger L. , Morris Howard A. , Mucci Lorelei A. , Neal David E. , Neuhouser Marian L. , Oliver Steven E. , Overvad Kim , Ozasa Kotaro , Pala Valeria , Pernar Claire H. , Pollak Michael , Rowlands Mari‐Anne , Schaefer Catherine A. , Schenk Jeannette M. , Stattin Pär , Tamakoshi Akiko , Thysell Elin , Touvier Mathilde , Trichopoulou Antonia , Tsilidis Konstantinos K. , Van Den Eeden Stephen K. , Weinstein Stephanie J. , Wilkens Lynne , Yeap Bu B. , Key Timothy J. , Allen Naomi E. , Travis Ruth C. 
Published: March 2019

Insulin‐like growth factors (IGFs) and insulin‐like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) have been implicated in the aetiology of several cancers. To better understand whether anthropometric, behavioural and sociodemographic factors may play a role in cancer risk via IGF signalling, we examined the cross‐sectional associations of these exposures with circulating concentrations of IGFs (IGF‐I and IGF‐II) and IGFBPs (IGFBP‐1, IGFBP‐2 and IGFBP‐3). The Endogenous Hormones, Nutritional Biomarkers and Prostate Cancer Collaborative Group dataset includes individual participant data from 16,024 male controls (i.e. without prostate cancer) aged 22–89 years from 22 prospective studies. Geometric means of protein concentrations were estimated using analysis of variance, adjusted for relevant covariates. Older age was associated with higher concentrations of IGFBP‐1 and IGFBP‐2 and lower concentrations of IGF‐I, IGF‐II and IGFBP‐3. Higher body mass index was associated with lower concentrations of IGFBP‐1 and IGFBP‐2. Taller height was associated with higher concentrations of IGF‐I and IGFBP‐3 and lower concentrations of IGFBP‐1. Smokers had higher concentrations of IGFBP‐1 and IGFBP‐2 and lower concentrations of IGFBP‐3 than nonsmokers. Higher alcohol consumption was associated with higher concentrations of IGF‐II and lower concentrations of IGF‐I and IGFBP‐2. African Americans had lower concentrations of IGF‐II, IGFBP‐1, IGFBP‐2 and IGFBP‐3 and Hispanics had lower IGF‐I, IGF‐II and IGFBP‐3 than non‐Hispanic whites. These findings indicate that a range of anthropometric, behavioural and sociodemographic factors are associated with circulating concentrations of IGFs and IGFBPs in men, which will lead to a greater understanding of the mechanisms through which these factors influence cancer risk.