bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multifaceted properties of TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized using Mangifera indica and Azadirachta indica plant extracts: antimicrobial, antioxidant, and non-linear optical activity investigation for sustainable agricultural applications
Authors: Rana Archana , Pathak Saurabh , Kumar Kapil , Kumari Anjali , Chopra Samridhi , Kumar Mahesh , Kamil Deeba , Srivastava Ritu , Kim Sang-Koog , Verma Rajni , Sharma Shailesh Narain
Published: January 2024

The increasing global food scarcity necessitates the development of nanomaterials with low toxicity for use as antimicrobial agents and sensors to mitigate agricultural losses.
Recent advances in hydrothermally and solvothermally grown Co3O4nanostructures for electrochemical energy storage (EES) applications: a brief review
Authors: Desai Radhika S. , Jadhav Vinayak S , Patil Pramod S. , Dalavi Dhanaji S.
Published: January 2024

Hierarchical and porous structures, composed of diverse nanostructures are synthesized through hydrothermal and solvothermal growth processes of Co3O4on various substrates, offer promising avenues for improving energy storage technologies.
Glass-like thermal conductivity and phonon transport mechanism in disordered crystals
Authors: Ren Guoliang , Che Junwei , Zhang Hanchao , Yu Yali , Hao Wei , Shi Yinchun , Yang Fan , Zhao Xiaofeng
Published: January 2024

Glass-like thermal conductivity (κ) in disordered crystals was characterized successfully by multimodal phonon transport. Reducing κ via high-entropy engineering may be limited due to the differences in interatomic bonding.
Recent developments, advances and strategies in heterogeneous photocatalysts for water splitting
Authors: Sohail Muhammad , Rauf Sana , Irfan Muhammad , Hayat Asif , Alghamdi Majed M. , El-Zahhar Adel A. , Ghernaout Djamel , Al-Hadeethi Yas , Lv Weiqiang
Published: January 2024

Graphical illustration of the photocatalytic overall water splitting system.
The damage mechanism in copper studied using in situ TEM nanoindentation
Authors: Wang Dong , Zhang Zhenyu , Liu Dongdong , Deng Xingqiao , Shi Chunjing , Gu Yang , Liu Xiuqing , Liu Xiaoyu , Wen Wei
Published: January 2024

Copper (Cu) has a soft-plastic nature, which makes it susceptible to damages from scratching or abrasive machining, such as lapping and polishing.
The simultaneous modulation effect of N-substituents on the photochromic and electrochromic properties of naphthalenediimide-based coordination polymers
Authors: Zhang Shimin , Hao Pengfei , Zhang Yifang , Li Gaopeng , Shen Junju , Fu Yunlong
Published: January 2024

The simultaneous modulation of photo-/electrochromism has been realized for the first time by varying the N-substituents.
Photoredox- and piezo-catalysed access to complex trifluoromethylated polycyclic structures from ynamides
Authors: Lakhal Amal , Villeneuve Maud , Haberkorn Laure , Fourquez Jean-Marie , Forte Jeremy , Gontard Geoffrey , Fensterbank Louis , Ollivier Cyril
Published: January 2024

Under photoredox- and piezo-catalysis conditions, ynamides undergo a radical to yield polycyclic compounds by fully utilizing the ynamide unsaturations.
Bismuth ferrite based acetone gas sensor: evaluation of graphene oxide loading
Authors: Ghadage Pandurang , Shinde K. P. , Nadargi Digambar , Nadargi Jyoti , Shaikh Hamid , Alam Mohammad Asif , Mulla Imtiaz , Tamboli Mohaseen S. , Park J. S. , Suryavanshi Sharad
Published: January 2024

CTAB-functionalized glycine combustion yields BiFeO3/graphene oxide (BFO/GO) perovskite for acetone gas detection.
Thermodynamic, electronic, and optical properties of ultra-wide bandgap zirconium-doped tin dioxide from a DFT perspective
Authors: Peng Shan , Wu Xiaolin , Sun Yuanke , Zhou Zhanxiang , Long Debing , Yu Huaqing
Published: January 2024

The ZrSnO2 alloys may achieve a full-component solid solution above the critical temperature of 979 K. The Zr doping strategy is expected to realize the bandgap regulation of SnO2 from visible light-blind UV-B band to solar-blind deep UV band.
Ammonium niobium oxalate (ANO) as an efficient catalyst in the Paal–Knorr synthesis of N-substituted pyrroles
Authors: Dapper Luiz H. , da Rosa Kethelyn M. , Mena Viviane T. , de Souza Rodrigo O. M. A. , da Silva Felipe L. N. , Anjos Thiago , Penteado Filipe , Lenardão Eder J.
Published: January 2024

Ammonium niobium oxalate (ANO) has been proven to be an outstanding cheap, low-toxicity and readily available Lewis acid catalyst for carbonyl activation reactions.
Evaluating the synthesis of Mg[Al(hfip)4]2 electrolyte for Mg rechargeable batteries: purity, electrochemical performance and costs
Authors: Pavčnik Tjaša , Imperl Jernej , Kolar Mitja , Dominko Robert , Bitenc Jan
Published: January 2024

Different organometallic and inorganic synthesis methods for MgAlhfip salt are explored, evaluating purity, electrochemical performance, cost of Mg electrolyte, as well as the impact of salt purification and electrolyte additives.
Pendent carboxylic acid-fuelled high-performance uranium extraction in a hydrogen-bonded framework and prolifically improved water oxidation via post-metalation-actuated composite fabrication
Authors: Seal Nilanjan , Karmakar Arun , Kundu Subrata , Neogi Subhadip
Published: January 2024

Employing a functionality scissoring approach, a hydrogen-bonded MOF shows selective and regenerable uranium extraction alongside exceptionally improved electrochemical oxygen evolution via post-metalation.
Regulation of the upconversion effect to promote the removal of biofilms on a titanium surface via photoelectrons
Authors: Wang Kai , Tang Yufei , Yao Keyi , Feng Shuqi , Wu Bingfeng , Xiang Lin , Zhou Xuemei
Published: January 2024

An upconversion effect is employed to fabricate an antibacterial surface that produces high electron density under NIR irradiation, combined with local temperature and reactive oxygen species, can eliminate the biofilm on the surface of titanium.
Polymer-assisted crystal growth regulation and defect passivation for high-performance flexible solar-blind photodetectors based on copper-based halides
Authors: Liu Chengjun , Zhang Yuyi , Wang Lixi , Chang Jianhua , Li Qing , Zhang Xiaobing , Bae Byung Seong , Fayemi Omolola Esther , Xu Xiaobao , Pan Jiangyong , Chen Jing , Lei Wei
Published: January 2024

A PVP-assisted method regulates the crystal growth of Cs3Cu2I5 films for flexible solar-blind photodetectors.
Electric field- and light-responsive oxadiazole bent-core polycatenar liquid crystals
Authors: Alaasar Mohamed , Darweesh Ahmed F. , Cao Yu , Iakoubovskii Konstantin , Yoshio Masafumi
Published: January 2024

Columnar and helical network phases of achiral polycatenars. Functional oxadiazole-based bent-core molecules were investigated for their response to light and electric fields.
Effect of Spirulina platensis extract on growth potential of in vitro culture pear
Authors: Abd El zaher M.H. , Abd El Wahab Sahar M. , Saleh Shreif, S. , Ramadan Shaimaa M.
Published: January 2024

Pears are among the most economically important fruits in the world that are grown in all temperate zones. ‘Le-Cont’ rootstock pear is one of the gene sources used to improve fruit productivity, rootstock resistance, and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Traditional propagation of pear. Pear is time-consuming and limited by a short growing season and hard winter conditions. Therefore, in vitro propagation is a suitable alternative method. Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) and spirulina platensis extract at 5,10 and 20 % supplemented with different concentrations (0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/l) of 6-benzyladenine (BA) and kinetin (Kin), individually or in combination with them. Treatments were used for in vitro shoot proliferation. Nodal segments were used as explants. MS medium augmented was 3mg/l 6-benzyladenine (BA) plus 20 % Spirulina platensis extraction then used for shootlets proliferation of micro-shoots. A combination of 3 mg/l BA and 20 % Spirulina platensis as a growth media resulted in a significant improvement in shoot proliferation. This combination produced the highest number of shoots (2.8 per explant) and leaves (6.3 per explant) similar with those containing MS media plus 20% extraction (2.9 per explant) and leaves (6.8 per explant). The longest shoots (2.97 cm) were obtained in each previous treatment. However, these shoots were similar with those produced from classical multiplication by MS according to ISSR analysis which scored 89.1 % of mono morphism percentage and 10.1 % polymorphism. The ISSR analysis shows the highest similarity index percentage for P5-P9 0.986301.
Bioink as a type of biologically active substances: Issues of technology and legal regulation
Authors: Begishev Ildar , Shutova Albina , Denisovich Veronika , Majorov Andrey , Shatilovich Sergei
Published: January 2024

3D bioprinting as a digital innovation gives hope to patients in need of organs and awaiting transplantation, as well as other patients. The prospects for bioprinting are significant; many types of bioink are being developed, without which this digital technology may not exist. However, the legal regulation of thing developing sphere of medical science is in its initial stage. Given the complexity and duration of creating legal norms for new directions in medical science, we consider it important to start developing legislative acts that will regulate 3D bioprinting and establish requirements for bioink so that they are ready by the time the first organ (tissue) constructs suitable for clinical use appear. It is emphasized that the study of technological and legal aspects of bioinks as biologically active substances is an extremely relevant and promising scientific task.
Biologically active substances of plants of the Cupressaceae family of the genus Thuya and the genus Juniperus for phyto- and aromatherapy
Authors: Dmitriev Lev B. , Dmitrieva Valeria L. , Trukhachev Vladimir I. , Sushkova Liudmila O.
Published: January 2024

Biologically active substances of plants of the Cupressaceae family, especially the genera Thuja and Juniperus, are used in various sectors of the national economy. The quality of essential oils is determined by a set of chemical compounds and their concentrations. In this case, the quality is determined by the ratio between the macro- and micro-components of essential oils. More than 40 biologically active compounds in essential oils have been determined by gas chromatography, which may also depend on the growing region of these plants.
Biology of Pomegranate Pests, Control Measures and First Aid in Case of Pesticide Poisoning
Authors: Yusupova Makhpuza , Irisova Shakhnoza , Numonov Otabek
Published: January 2024

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a shrub up to 5 m tall, belonging to the family Pomegranate. It is a subtropical plant, native to Israel, Iran and Asia Minor, and widely grown in the Caucasus. There are more than 40 varieties in Uzbekistan. The article discusses the biology of pomegranate plant pests, control measures and effective first aid solutions in case of pesticide poisoning.
Productivity of cows of the red steppe breed, considering the physique
Authors: Oleinikand S.A. , Lesnyak A.V. , Nizeva D.R. , Kokotka M.G , Falko A.A. , Grushko D.S.
Published: January 2024

As a result of a comparative assessment of the qualitative indicators of milk productivity of dairy cows of the red steppe breed of the III lactation, two controlled groups of animals were selected for the study according to two body types. It was found that broad-bodied cows have higher milk yields by 5.91% compared to narrow-bodied animals. Broad-bodied cows also produce more milk fat and protein during the standard lactation period, by an average of 21.36% and 20.5%.
Lignohumate AM – prospects for use in floriculture and reproduction
Authors: Beksheneva L.F. , Reut A.A. , Shigapov Z.Kh.
Published: January 2024

Improving agricultural technology and supporting plant reproduction in the collections of botanical gardens remain relevant. Using the example of species and varieties of the genus Iris L., the effectiveness of using the preparation Lignohumate AM was studied. Root watering and foliar treatment of varieties with the preparation stimulated leaf growth. However, the preparation was ineffective for improving the decorativeness of plants. Treatment of plants with Lignohumate had a positive effect on the water regime of irises. Water deficit decreased by 2,8%−5,3% as a result of root treatment, water-holding capacity increased by 5,7% during irrigation and mixed treatment. The preparation had no effect on the germination of seeds of I. sibirica and I. pseudacorus, but was highly effective in long-term experience. Lignohumate contributed to a reduction in the loss of one-year-old I. sibirica plants by 20,8%, as well as the growth of surviving I. pseudacorus plants by 39,7%. The stimulator also showed a significant prolonged growth-stimulating effect, which contributed to improving the quality of seedlings. The length of leaves under the influence of the preparation increased by 64% for I. sibirica and 17% for I. pseudacorus, the width of leaves of I. sibirica increased by 14%. Based on the results of the study, the growth stimulator Lignohumate AM can be considered an effective promising preparation for use in floriculture and the reproduction of decorative, rare species of iris.
The effect of the biologically active substance Baikal EM-2 on the intestines of quails
Authors: Agarkova Alisa , Ivanova Olga , Prosekova Elena , Cherepanova Nadezhda , Karmishkin Alexey
Published: January 2024

5 groups were formed from quails of the Manchurian breed. The control group - the main diet, and the experimental ones were given 0.25% (1 experimental group (EG)); 0.5% (2EG); 0.75 (3EG) and 1% (4EG) Baikal EM-2 solution at the rate of 3 ml per head. Histological studies were performed at the age of 147 days. Egg production per average laying hen in the experimental groups was on average 11.7% higher compared to the control group, the average live weight of quails in the experimental groups is 1.2% higher. In the duodenum, in all experimental groups, there was a better development of villi by 19.8-58.6% (P≤0.001), and in the skinny, the height of the villi was significantly higher in EG1, EG2, and EG4 by 19%-48%. The crypt layer significantly increased in the duodenum of 4EG by 13.9% (P≤0.05). The muscular elements of the duodenum were better developed in the experimental groups. In the cecum, the size of the layers did not differ. We assume that the experienced bird achieved high zootechnical results due to the better development of the villi of the small intestine.
Introduction of Guizotia abyssinica (L.F.) Cass. in agroecological conditions of the Central region of the Russian Federation
Authors: Kurenkova E.M. , Tolkacheva A.N. , Zapivalov S.A.
Published: January 2024

Global climate changes taking place over the past decades make the issue of biodiversification of the food supply of our country more and more urgent, which can serve to strengthen it through the introduction of ecologically plastic plants, and, most importantly, resistant to abiotic stresses of the growing season. In this regard, the Abyssinian herb is of interest, in the world it is considered not only as an oilseed, but also as a fodder crop, the green mass of which is suitable for use both fresh and for silage. In 2023, in the agroecological conditions of the Field Experimental Station of the RGAU-MSHA named after K.A. Timiryazev, we conducted a study of nougat in order to determine the possibility of cultivating this crop in the conditions of the Central region of the Russian Federation for fodder purposes. The object of research was the Lipchanin variety, sowing was carried out with a row spacing of 15 cm, without fertilizing in 4-fold repetition.
Prospects of using adaptogens to stimulate nonspecific resistance and reduce stress factors of aquaculture facilities
Authors: Sidorova Natalya , Kuchko Aleksandr
Published: January 2024

The article considers the possibility of using adaptogens based on lactobacilli that stimulate nonspecific resistance and help reduce the impact of stress factors on aquaculture facilities as a result of the current difficult situation on the market of feed and feed additives for trout. The object of the study was authentic strains of lactobacilli − Lactobacillus brevis 1.5, L. brevis 1.7 and L. brevis 2.6. Under experimental conditions, the biochemical activity of lactobacilli was evaluated in relation to glucose, sucrose, mannitol, L-arabinose and glycerol; antibacterial activity and the ability to co-culture. According to the results of the study, the most promising strains were selected for use as a basis for the development of biologics of targeted adaptogens.
Genetic Nature of Fertility Type in Cotton Hybrids
Authors: Khalikova Malokhat , Matyakubova Elmira , Uzokov Turgun , Soriyeva Sayyora
Published: January 2024

Studies have been conducted to evaluate the genetic potential of cotton species and to develop disease and pest resistant cotton varieties from them. The significance of the level of leaf hairiness in the representatives of the Gossypium L. family in tolerance to sucking pests, spider mite, aphid, was studied. Resources were obtained to measure or qualitatively assess leaf hairiness, transfer the hairiness marker for pest tolerance into the genome of G. hirsutum L., and create cultivars with a combination of tolerance and economic traits. In the C2 plants of the combinations obtained by cross-breeding the wild-type ridges with twisting hairiness with the analyzer L-001 line, separation of the hairiness character was noted, its ratio was 3:1 according to the phenotype (1:2:1 according to the genotype). This separation in second-generation hybrids indicates that the feather shape trait is monogenic in nature.
The effectiveness of the protective action of mineral adaptogen in respiratory diseases of broilers
Authors: Donnik Irina M. , Usevich Vera M. , Drozd Maria N.
Published: January 2024

There has been unrelenting interest of poultry farmers in feed additives that help to increase the viability of poultry, reduce mortality, and increase the absorption of feed. Adaptogens are such feed additives. Adaptogens increase nonspecific resistance, which has led to their use in poultry farming. However, their use in broiler feeding is limited. The reasons for the mortality of young animals are not only infections and violations in the technology of breeding, but also an increased concentration of harmful gases that can take the life of many chickens. Therefore, the search for new and effective means of protecting broilers is urgent. The aim of the study was: to determine the effectiveness of the pulmo-protective action of adaptogens in broiler feeding. Studies were carried out on arbor acres broilers to determine the effectiveness of the adaptogen as a protective drug, and to determine the efficiency of feeding and the safety of the broiler population when feeding the adaptogen. Micromorphological studies of the respiratory organs were carried out, features of the microstructure of the lungs were revealed with and without adaptogens. For the first time, the pulmo-protective effect of the fodder adaptogen against the background of disturbed microclimate parameters in the poultry house was histologically confirmed.
Green economy as a tool for sustainable development and a factor contributing to the formation of a low-carbon economy
Authors: Khasanova Satsita S. , Saydulgerieva Maryam A.
Published: January 2024

With the development of humanity, a number of global problems have emerged. One of the most dangerous problems for people’s lives is the environmental problem, which is based on the harmful influence of humans on nature. Environmental problems became more dangerous for humanity after the industrial revolution, when man began to dictate his own rules to nature, ignoring its laws. This article defines the concepts of “green” economy, “green” technologies, “cross-border carbon tax”, “carbon neutrality”, discusses the principles on the basis of which they operate, and also provides examples of some “green” technologies. Throughout the development of mankind, the question of the exhaustibility of resources and meeting the unlimited needs of people with limited resources has been relevant and remains so today, which raises an objective need to find solutions to emerging global environmental problems. The rapid development of production not only contributes to an increase in the level of well-being of the population, but is also associated with enormous damage to the environment due to anthropogenic impact. In the development of world economic processes, the industrial revolution was a new step, but at the same time it led to the formation of a huge number of problems that need to be dealt with. The green economy, as one of the tools for sustainable development, implies, among other things, a low level of carbon emissions, thus responding to the solution of environmental problems and, in principle, ensuring social well-being. In order to stimulate this area, it is necessary to constantly look for mechanisms and tools, one of which is the introduction of a carbon tax.
The role of commercialization of high technologies in scientific and production cooperation
Authors: Nasedkina T.I. , Chernykh A.I. , Demesheva I.A. , Molchanova L.A.
Published: January 2024

The article reveals the role and importance of types of high-tech products, taking into account international practice, domestic official statistics and classification of goods of foreign economic activity. It is established that in some cases innovative and high-tech products are identified. It is revealed that currently the most high-tech is the production of basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, the production of computers, electronic and optical products; production of various air and space aircraft. The key regional leaders in the production of high-tech products in the world by region are considered. Based on the results of the consideration of the content of the concepts “innovation” and “technology”, “commercialization of innovations” and “commercialization of high-tech products”, the author’s vision of interpretations is proposed, with the justification that innovativeness actually acts as an additional feature of high-tech products. A study of the types of commercialization of high-tech products was conducted, according to the results of which the author’s classification was proposed according to the content, level of efficiency, number of subjects of commercialization, geographical coverage of subjects of commercialization and methods of financing.
Multi-Layer Architecture for Enhancing Crop Quality with AI and IoT: A Structural Modelling Approach
Authors: Choubey Shilpi , Divya
Published: January 2024

Conventional crop management methods must be improved to address the increasing global food requirements. The exponential growth of the population exacerbates the issue at hand, the impacts of climate change and inadequate farming practices. This study analyzes the key determinants contributing to establishing a comprehensive framework for using Internet of Things (IoT) technology in the agricultural sector. The proposed Multi-Layer Architecture for Crop Quality (MLA-CQ) employs a modified version of the Total Interpretive Structural Modelling (mv-TISM) methodology to achieve this objective. This research used a mv-TISM approach to build and analyze the interrelationships among various factors that influence the adoption of IoT technology in the agriculture industry. This study introduces Artificial Intelligence (AI) by incorporating soft sensors into a remote sensing framework via deep learning. The initial data has undergone pre-processing procedures to identify and address missing values and perform data cleaning and noise reduction on the picture data obtained from farmland. Following the feature representation, a categorization procedure was performed employing an ensemble design. The suggested approach has been used to conduct experimental trials on various crops, resulting in a computing time reduction of 62%, accuracy of 95.2%, precision of 91.3 %, recall of 92.3%, and an F score of 93.1%.
Distributed and Analogous simulation framework for the control of pests and diseases in plants using IoT Technology
Authors: Dashand Sushree Sasmita , Kumar Pawan
Published: January 2024

In contemporary society, agriculture is progressively embracing technological innovations called Precision Agriculture. The utilization of various pest control and disease management strategies is of considerable importance in the surveillance of plants. The current framework encounters multiple challenges. The pest control and disease surveillance system employs a solitary Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) to manage the diverse array of connected sensors. Hence, this paper proposes utilizing the Distributed and Analogous Simulation Framework (DASF) in conjunction with the Internet of Things (IoT) to address the issue of pest control and diseases in plants. The approach reduces the strain on a specific GPU, effectively allocates the computational tasks across all accessible GPUs concurrently, and ensures continuous data transmission to the dashboards even in the event of GPU malfunction. The implementation of this procedure is anticipated to result in a reduction in overall system performance. In the DASF multi-threading framework, the allocation of tasks to particular auxiliary cores is performed by each GPU unit. The execution of the different functions within this system is allocated among four levels: disease management, pest recognition and control, output operations, and input functions. The data is analyzed concurrently and managed in a proficient and regulated manner. The proposed system demonstrates a significant enhancement in performance measures, with a value of 99.05%.
Analysis of the fisheries industry and the development of its feed supply, taking into account biologically active substances
Authors: Trukhachev V.I. , Stepantsevich M.N. , Khudyakova E.V. , Motorin O.A. , Gorbachev M.I.
Published: January 2024

The study presents the results of the assessment of the current state of the fisheries complex, the dynamics of extraction (catch) of aquatic biological resources, the state of the feed industry for certain types of feed. The study was conducted on the basis of relevant statistical, scientific, practical, and other materials in the field of activity of the fishery complex. The analysis was carried out in accordance with the key indicators identified. The State Program for the development of the fishery complex of the Russian Federation. A significant place in ensuring the positive dynamics of the development of the fishing industry is given to feed. Indicators of feed production are generally growing for older age and sex fish groups. Nevertheless, for the repair of young animals at the early stages of cultivation, to stimulate vitality and immunity, so-called starter, production and functional feeds containing specific ingredients and probiotics are required - biologically active substances that are not produced enough. As a result, a significant proportion of imported feed remains.
Analysis of the cutting machine movement across the field when harvesting dead crops
Authors: Salikhova M.N. , Aleksandrov V.A. , Galchak I.P. , Aleksandrova N.A. , Kukhar V.S.
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of various types of cutting machine movement across the field when harvesting dead crops. It is noted that despite improvements in the design of the cutting machine, the problem of grain loss remains unresolved. A classification of the types of cutting device movement according to the movement nature is proposed, which can serve as a basis for substantiating agrotechnical requirements for the quality of soil surface treatment.
Digitalization of the agricultural sector in Kazakhstan
Authors: Gabdualiyeva Raushan , Melekova Assel , Jakupova Aigul , Bazarova Baktigul
Published: January 2024

The agrarian sector of Kazakhstan’s economy is dynamically developing in the system of market relations. The system of market relations, production and economic relations are transformed, new forms of interaction between the subjects of the agrarian sector are used. Today, agrarians are actively using information technologies to improve production efficiency. They see the importance of digitalization of agribusiness, the advantages of information technology implementation in practice. Ultimately, the digitalization of the studied sphere of economy will ensure the normal functioning of the industry. In order to ensure efficient production, any enterprise is interested in reducing the costs associated with the production of crop and livestock products. The agricultural products produced for consumers must also meet the required quality characteristics and withstand competition in the market. And this can be achieved only through intensive factors of production and digitalization of agro-industrial complex. The need to implement digital technologies in the sphere of agriculture is the purpose of writing this study.
Influence of tillage methods on carbon dioxide emissions in spring wheat crops
Authors: Demin Evgeniy , Miller Stanislav , Likhanov Kirill
Published: January 2024

The agriculture intensification is associated with an increase in anthropogenic load on arable soils. Tillage leads to disruption of the natural process of soil formation in connection with which the soil biota activity changes and the carbon cycle is disrupted. The purpose of the study is to establish the effects of the tillage method on the carbon dioxide emission in spring wheat crops. The emission of carbon dioxide during the growing season of spring wheat varies significantly depending on the soil processing method and temperature. At the beginning of spring wheat development, the daily emission of carbon dioxide during the dump and subsurface tillage method does not exceed 36.0 and 36.2 CO2 kg/ha using zero technology provides a reduction in production CO2 production to 27.8 kg/ha*day. With an increase in soil temperature by July 24, the daily emission increases on a dump and subsurface background to 105.5 and 106.0 CO2 kg/ha*day, on a zero background to 95.4 CO2 kg/ha*day. In the future, it decreases. The total carbon losses during the dump and subsurface tillage methods are 2829 and 2793 kg/ha, the use of zero tillage technology reduces carbon losses in grain agrocenosis by 18%.
Green technologies are an integral element in environmental protection
Authors: Khasanova Malika S.
Published: January 2024

Currently, there is a large-scale transformation in all areas of activity, including through changes in the field of approaches to the anthropogenic impact of humans on nature. Unfortunately, today the environment is in a critical condition, therefore environmental protection activities based on increasing environmental safety are one of the priority areas of development. The purpose of the work is to consider the main types of green technologies and the prospects of investing in sustainable development.
Study of the dependence of component composition - degree of wastewater purification by adsorbents based on plant raw materials to control the content of priority pollutants in water bodies
Authors: Myrzalieva S.K. , Bagasharov Zh.T. , Akilbekova Sh.K. , Serikbaev P.C. , Isagaliev Kh.G.
Published: January 2024

In conditions of intensive development of industrial and agricultural production, measures aimed at protecting the hydrosphere from harmful substances are becoming increasingly important every year. Water purification using the sorption method and water treatment is one of the most common technological processes. Almost unlimited reserves of sorbents of natural origin, their low cost, and fairly high adsorption and ion-exchange properties make their use advisable. Sorbents developed on the basis of available secondary plant raw materials show high efficiency and open up the possibility of their practical use in solving environmental problems. New sorbents based on plant raw materials have been developed, their structure and morphology have been studied in order to identify the absorption capacity and effectiveness of use as oil sorbents. Studies of the kinetics and dynamics sorption of oil pollutants confirm the effectiveness of mentioned sorbents and sorption purification technology can be used for environmental monitoring of water bodies.
Multi-instrument observations and tracking of a coronal mass ejection front from low to middle corona
Authors: Stepanyuk Oleg , Kozarev Kamen
Published: January 2024

The shape and dynamics of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) vary significantly based on the instrument and wavelength used. This has led to significant debate about the proper definitions of CME/shock fronts, pile-up/compression regions, and core observations in projection in optically thin vs. optically thick emission. Here we present an observational analysis of the evolving shape and kinematics of a large-scale CME that occurred on May 7, 2021 on the eastern limb of the Sun as seen from 1 AU. The eruption was observed continuously, consecutively by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) telescope suite on the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), the ground-based COronal Solar Magnetism Observatory (COSMO) K-coronagraph (K-Cor) on Mauna Loa, and the C2 and C3 telescopes of the Large Angle Solar Coronagraph (LASCO) on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SoHO). We apply the updated multi-instrument version of the recently developed Wavetrack Python suite for automated detection and tracking of coronal eruptive features to evaluate and compare the evolving shape of the CME front as it propagated from the solar surface out to 20 solar radii. Our tool allows tracking features beyond just the leading edge and is an important step towards semi-automatic manufacturing of training sets for training data-driven image segmentation models for solar imaging. Our findings confirm the expected strong connection between EUV waves and CMEs. Our novel, detailed analysis sheds observational light on the details of EUV wave-shock-CME relations that lacking for the gap region between the low and middle corona.
First Trimester Contingent Screening for Aneuploidies with Cell-Free Fetal DNA in Singleton Pregnancies – a Swiss Single Centre Experience
Authors: Proto Alice , Trottmann Fabienne , Schneider Sophie , Amylidi-Mohr Sofia , Badiqué Florent , Risch Lorenz , Surbek Daniel , Raio Luigi , Mosimann Beatrice
Published: January 2024

Switzerland was amongst the first countries to offer cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) testing covered by the health insurance to pregnant women with a risk ≥ 1:1000 for trisomies at first trimester combined screening (FTCS). The aim of this study is to evaluate the implementation of this contingent model in a single tertiary referral centre and its effect on gestational age at diagnosing trisomy 21.

Between July 2015 and December 2020 all singleton pregnancies at 11–14 weeks of gestation without major fetal malformation were included and stratified according to their risk at FTCS. Statistical analysis was performed by GraphPad Version 9.1 for Windows.

4424 pregnancies were included. Of 166 (3.8%) pregnancies with a NT ≥ 3.5 mm and/or a risk ≥ 1:10 at FCTS, 130 (78.3%) opted for direct invasive testing. 803 (18.2%) pregnancies had an intermediate risk, 692 (86.2%) of them opted for cffDNA first. 3455 (78.1%) pregnancies had a risk < 1:1000. 63 fetuses were diagnosed with trisomy 21, 47 (74.6%) directly by invasive procedures after FTCS, 16 (25.4%) by cffDNA first.

Most women choose cffDNA or invasive testing as second tier according to national guidelines. Despite the delay associated with cffDNA testing after FCTS, 75% of all trisomy 21 are still diagnosed in the first trimester with this contingent screening model.
Photoredox-Catalyzed C(sp3)–H Difluoroallylation of Amides
Authors: Huo Haohua , Lin Yanmei , Shu Xiaomin
Published: January 2024

A photoredox-catalyzed, bromine-radical-mediated C(sp3)–H difluoroallylation of amides is disclosed. This modular approach exploits the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) ability of photooxidatively generated bromine radicals to convert both cyclic and acyclic amides into the corresponding α-amino alkyl radicals that then are coupled with readily available trifluoromethyl alkenes. This method is distinguished by its mild conditions, broad substrate scope (30 examples), and the use of a simple HAT reagent, namely sodium bromide (NaBr). This strategy offers a promising paradigm for the incorporation of carbonyl isosteres into saturated aliphatic amines.
Undocumented immigrants at work: invisibility, hypervisibility, and the making of the modern slave
Authors: Segarra Paulina , Prasad Ajnesh
Published: January 2024

The undocumented immigrant represents a socio-legal category, referring to a subject who does not have legal standing to be in the country in which they are located. Extending from their lack of legal standing, undocumented immigrant workers in the United States occupy spaces marked by extreme conditions of vulnerability, which were exacerbated by the election of Donald Trump as president in 2016. The aim of this ethnographic study is to make sense of the experiences of undocumented immigrants under a particularly vicious political rhetoric. Studying the lives of Latinx undocumented immigrant workers in the U.S., our findings capture how the dynamic interplay between the types of labor that they undertake and the socio-legal identity they are attributed function together to systematically disenfranchise them. Specifically, we explicate how doing invisible labor while, at the same time, occupying a hypervisible identity culminates in extreme conditions of vulnerability. In addition to developing the concept of hypervisible identity, we also inform theory on the idea of modern slavery. We contend that without the existence of invisible labor and hypervisible identity performing as interlocking, constitutive precursors, some forms of modern slavery would be negated.
Effective public health messaging for university students: lessons learned to increase adherence to safety guidelines during a pandemic
Authors: Milich Krista M. , Fisher Natalie , Sobral Gisela
Published: January 2024

Variation in compliance with recommended safety behaviors early in the COVID-19 pandemic was especially concerning in places where people aggregated after traveling from a range of geographical areas, such as many universities. Understanding variation in these behaviors is important for continuing to address the COVID-19 pandemic and planning for future disease outbreaks. We examined the relationship between safety behaviors, risk perception, COVID-19-related knowledge, and information sources among university students during the Fall 2020 semester. A person’s preferred information sources were associated with differences in knowledge, risk perception, and protective behaviors. Furthermore, people with higher COVID knowledge practiced more protective behaviors. Providing reliable information can reduce harm during future global health crises, particularly at universities where interventions on campus can also protect the larger community, as spillover from universities has impacted the most vulnerable members of the surrounding communities. Our study adds to public health literature on factors influencing personal behaviors.
Networked framing of GMO risks and discussion fragmentation on Chinese social media: a dynamic perspective
Authors: Cheng Xiaoxiao
Published: January 2024

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have been highly controversial in China and beyond. The burgeoning of social media has created an online activist field where participants utilize networked framing practices to engage in connective actions related to GMO risks. However, a dynamic perspective on the co-production of GMO risk discourses has yet to be fully explored, and it is still under debate whether such a collective interpretation is fragmented. To address this gap, this study investigates the risk-invoked GMO controversy by longitudinally exploring the structural characteristics and discursive power structures in the networked framing of GMO risks on social media. This study examines 356,227 GMO risk posts from 2010 to 2020 on the Chinese social media platformWeibo. A longitudinal social network analysis and computational text-mining approach are used to construct representation networks among participants based on their joint sponsorship framing practices of GMO risks. The findings suggest that there is a multipolar discussion fragmentation in the networked framing of GMO risks. However, the temporal evidence shows that the risk discussion has become increasingly interconnected and less structurally fragmented over time. In addition, this study highlights the unequal distribution of discursive power among participants; nevertheless, the analysis reveals that this inequality has shown signs of easing over the study period. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the GMO controversy from a risk perspective and sheds light on the dynamics of networked framing practices and discursive power structures on social media.
Effect of digital literacy on social entrepreneurial intentions and nascent behaviours among students and practitioners in mass communication
Authors: Ip Ching Yin
Published: January 2024

Because journalism and mass communication have changed dramatically in the digital era, exploring alternative career paths for students and practitioners in mass communication may offer valuable insights for the future of the field. Considering the emphasis on decent work opportunities and responsible production practices outlined in the Sustainable Development Goals, this study evaluates the determinants of social entrepreneurial intentions and behaviours of students and practitioners of mass communication in Taiwan. A quantitative survey method is adopted. In total, 814 participants, consisting of 373 students and 441 practitioners, provided valid responses, which were analysed utilising structural equation modelling. The results in both samples indicate positive direct effects of perceived social support, perceived social awareness of peers, and digital literacy on social entrepreneurial intentions, and positive direct effects of digital literacy and social entrepreneurial intentions on social entrepreneurial behaviours. The study identifies digital literacy as a critical element for fostering social entrepreneurial intentions and behaviours. Moreover, educational implications and suggestions are also provided.
A versatile pressure-cell design for studying ultrafast molecular-dynamics in supercritical fluids using coherent multi-pulse x-ray scattering
Authors: Muhunthan Priyanka , Li Haoyuan , Vignat Guillaume , Toro Edna R. , Younes Khaled , Sun Yanwen , Sokaras Dimosthenis , Weiss Thomas , Rajkovic Ivan , Osaka Taito , Inoue Ichiro , Song Sanghoon , Sato Takahiro , Zhu Diling , Fulton John L. , Ihme Matthias
Published: January 2024

Supercritical fluids (SCFs) can be found in a variety of environmental and industrial processes. They exhibit an anomalous thermodynamic behavior, which originates from their fluctuating heterogeneous micro-structure. Characterizing the dynamics of these fluids at high temperature and high pressure with nanometer spatial and picosecond temporal resolution has been very challenging. The advent of hard x-ray free electron lasers has enabled the development of novel multi-pulse ultrafast x-ray scattering techniques, such as x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) and x-ray pump x-ray probe (XPXP). These techniques offer new opportunities for resolving the ultrafast microscopic behavior in SCFs at unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution, unraveling the dynamics of their micro-structure. However, harnessing these capabilities requires a bespoke high-pressure and high-temperature sample system that is optimized to maximize signal intensity and address instrument-specific challenges, such as drift in beamline components, x-ray scattering background, and multi-x-ray-beam overlap. We present a pressure cell compatible with a wide range of SCFs with built-in optical access for XPCS and XPXP and discuss critical aspects of the pressure cell design, with a particular focus on the design optimization for XPCS.
Surfactant slug assisting CO2 huff and puff in enhancing shale oil reservoir recovery
Authors: Xia Zhizeng , Yin Hongjun , Wang Xuewu , Xu Guohan
Published: January 2024

Focusing on problems of rapid production decline and poor development effect after volume fracturing of the shale oil reservoir, a production method of SC-HNP (surfactant slug assisting CO2 huff and puff) was proposed. Taking CQ block (CQ, the reservoir block name) as an example, laboratory experiments were carried out using typical oil samples and core samples, and a numerical simulation model of SC-HNP was established based on the experimental results. The production performance and oil recovery mechanism were analyzed, and the oil production by SC-HNP of a typical well was predicted. The results showed that (1) the oil recovery degree of the surfactant imbibition experiment is 34.5%, showing good imbibition oil recovery effect. CO2 has good swelling effect and viscosity reduction ability to the oil. (2) SC-HNP combines the effects of the surfactant and CO2, and it has the best replenishing formation energy ability and the highest oil production level. Its improved recovery degree is about 2.4% (one cycle), showing the best development effect. (3) Compared with SF-HNP (surfactant huff and puff), SC-HNP can improve the oil displacement effect in the far-well fractured area, and compared with CO2-HNP (CO2 huff and puff), SC-HNP can improve the oil displacement effect in the near-well fractured area. (4) Using SC-HNP, it is predicted that the oil recovery degree of well CQP-32 (CQP-32, the well name) can be increased by 1.84%, which significantly improves the development effect, and the CO2 storage percent is about 32%.
Unbiased construction of constitutive relations for soft materials from experiments via rheology-informed neural networks
Authors: Mahmoudabadbozchelou Mohammadamin , Kamani Krutarth M. , Rogers Simon A. , Jamali Safa
Published: January 2024

The ability to concisely describe the dynamical behavior of soft materials through closed-form constitutive relations holds the key to accelerated and informed design of materials and processes. The conventional approach is to construct constitutive relations through simplifying assumptions and approximating the time- and rate-dependent stress response of a complex fluid to an imposed deformation. While traditional frameworks have been foundational to our current understanding of soft materials, they often face a twofold existential limitation: i) Constructed on ideal and generalized assumptions, precise recovery of material-specific details is usually serendipitous, if possible, and ii) inherent biases that are involved by making those assumptions commonly come at the cost of new physical insight. This work introduces an approach by leveraging recent advances in scientific machine learning methodologies to discover the governing constitutive equation from experimental data for complex fluids. Our rheology-informed neural network framework is found capable of learning the hidden rheology of a complex fluid through a limited number of experiments. This is followed by construction of an unbiased material-specific constitutive relation that accurately describes a wide range of bulk dynamical behavior of the material. While extremely efficient in closed-form model discovery for a real-world complex system, the model also provides insight into the underpinning physics of the material.