bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pediatric Ramsay Hunt Syndrome: Analysis of Three Cases
Authors: Aydoğdu İmran , Ataç Enes , Saltürk Ziya , Atar Yavuz , Özdemir Erdi , Uyar Yavuz , Arslanoğlu Ahmet , Berkiten Güler
Published: September 2015

Ramsay Hunt syndrome (RHS) is a disorder characterized by herpetic eruptions on the auricle, facial paralysis, and vestibulocochlear dysfunction and is attributed to varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection in the geniculate ganglion. Although it is a common cause of acute peripheral facial paralysis, children are not usually affected. The diagnosis is based on history and physical findings. Treatment of RHS uses a combination of high-dose corticosteroids and acyclovir. This paper presents three cases diagnosed as RHS in the pediatric age group in association with the literature review. The aim of this paper is to emphasize the importance of careful examination and early initiation of therapy in suspected cases of RHS.
Optimal Facility Location Model Based on Genetic Simulated Annealing Algorithm for Siting Urban Refueling Stations
Authors: Chen Dawei , Zhou Shun , Xie Yuanchang , Li Xuhong
Published: September 2015

This paper analyzes the impact factors and principles of siting urban refueling stations and proposes a three-stage method. The main objective of the method is to minimize refueling vehicles’ detour time. The first stage aims at identifying the most frequently traveled road segments for siting refueling stations. The second stage focuses on adding additional refueling stations to serve vehicles whose demands are not directly satisfied by the refueling stations identified in the first stage. The last stage further adjusts and optimizes the refueling station plan generated by the first two stages. A genetic simulated annealing algorithm is proposed to solve the optimization problem in the second stage and the results are compared to those from the genetic algorithm. A case study is also conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and algorithm. The results indicate the proposed method can provide practical and effective solutions that help planners and government agencies make informed refueling station location decisions.
MicroRNAs in Liver Regeneration
Authors: Chen Xiaoyu , Zhao Yingying , Wang Fei , Bei Yihua , Xiao Junjie , Yang Changqing
Published: September 2015

Liver maintains a unique tremendous regeneration capacity in response to partial hepatectomy (PH) or injury. Hepatocyte proliferation critically contributes to the process of liver regeneration (LR), which is regulated by various cytokines and growth factors. However, the molecular basis of LR remains unclear. Emerging evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are involved in controlling hepatocyte proliferation during LR. In this review, an overview is provided to cover recent achievements in studies on the roles of miRNAs in LR. Studies on the regulatory effects of miRNAs and associated molecular mechanisms in LR will help enhance the understanding of the regenerative process and open up a new prospect for liver transplantation.
Circulating Tumor Cells for Predicting the Prognostic of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Meta Analysis
Authors: Fan Jun-Li , Yang Yi-Fei , Yuan Chun-Hui , Chen Hao , Wang Fu-Bing
Published: September 2015

Background/Aims: The prognostic value of circulating tumor cells (CTC) detected in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients is currently under debate. We conducted a meta-analysis of available studies to assess its prognostic value for patients diagnosed with HCC. Methods: Medline, Ovid Database, Embase, The Science Citation Index, and Cochrane library, search was conducted on all studies reporting the outcomes of interest. The studies were set up according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Using a random-effects model, meta-analysis was performed using hazard ratio (HR), risk ratio (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) as effect measures. Heterogeneity of the studies was tested for each pooled analysis. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also performed. Results: twenty-three published studies that matched the selection criteria were included in this meta-analysis. CTC positivity was significantly associated with Relapse free survival (RFS) (HR 3.03, 95% CI: [1.89-4.86]; p<0.00001) and Overall survival (OS) (HR 2.45, 95% CI: [1.73-3.48]; p<0.00001). CTC positivity were also significantly associated with TNM Stage (RR 1.30, 95% CI: [1.02-1.65]; p=0.03), Tumor size (RR 1.36, 95% CI: [1.09-1.69]; p=0.006), Vascular invasion (RR 1.99, 95% CI: [1.43-2.77]; p<0.0001), Portal vein tumor thrombus (RR 1.73, 95% CI: [1.42-2.11]; p=0.0001), Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level (RR 2.05, 95% CI: [1.18-3.54]; p=0.01). Conclusion: CTC positivity indicates poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, and associated with poor clinicopathologic parameters.
Ginsenoside Rh2 Mitigates Pediatric Leukemia Through Suppression of Bcl-2 in Leukemia Cells
Authors: Wang Xiaoru , Wang Yulin
Published: September 2015

Background/Aims: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a severe malignant cancer worldwide, in both adult and pediatric patients. Since bone marrow cell transplantation is seriously limited by the availability of the immune-paired donor sources, the therapy for pediatric leukemia remains challenging. Ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2) is a well-characterized component in red ginseng, and has established therapeutic effects for different diseases, although whether GRh2 may have a therapeutic effect on pediatric leukemia has not been investigated. Methods: We examined the effects of GRh2 on the survival of mice in an acute leukemia model. We analyzed the effects of GRh2 on the cell viability of leukemia cell lines in vitro, using a CCK-8 assay and an MTT assay. We analyzed the effects of GRh2 on the apoptosis of leukemia cell lines in vitro, by flow cytometry. We analyzed the levels of Bcl-2 and microRNA-21 (miR-21) in GRh2-treated leukemia cells. Prediction of binding between miR-21 and 3'-UTR of Bcl-2 mRNA was performed by a bioinformatics algorithm and confirmed by a dual luciferase reporter assay. Results: GRh2 significantly prolonged the survival of mice with pediatric leukemia. GRh2 significantly decreased the viability of leukemia cells in vitro, through induction of apoptosis. GRh2 significantly decreased the levels of an anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in leukemia cells, possibly through induction of miR-21, which suppressed the translation of Bcl-2 mRNA via 3'-UTR binding. Conclusion: GRh2 may be an effective treatment for pediatric leukemia, and GRh2 may induce apoptosis of leukemia cells through miR-21-modulated suppression of Bcl-2.
Anti-PLA2R Antibodies as a Prognostic Factor in PLA2R-Related Membranous Nephropathy
Authors: Timmermans Sjoerd A.M.E.G. , Abdul Hamid Myrurgia A. , Cohen Tervaert Jan Willem , Damoiseaux Jan G.M.C. , van Paassen Pieter ,   on behalf of the Limburg Renal Registry
Published: September 2015

Background: The natural course of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (MN) varies, as it is known through favorable outcomes in most patients. However, one third of patients with idiopathic MN will slowly progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). To prevent disease progression, patients at high risk to develop ESRD are treated with immunosuppressive agents. Therefore, a correct selection of patients who need immunosuppressive treatment is important. Methods: Here, we evaluated the prognostic value of anti-phospholipase A2 receptor 1 antibody (anti-PLA2R) levels regarding clinical outcome in a well-defined cohort of 73 PLA2R-related MN patients with long-term follow-up. At baseline, patients were subdivided into patients with either low or high antibody levels based on ELISA testing. Results: Spontaneous remission rates were highest among patients with low anti-PLA2R levels (79%; hazard ratio 2.72 (95% CI 1.22-6.08), p = 0.02) after a median follow-up of 2.9 (95% CI 0.8-5.0, p < 0.001) years, whereas high anti-PLA2R levels were associated with persistent proteinuria (p = 0.04) and/or the need for immunosuppressive therapy (p < 0.001). Renal survival rates were 97% at 5 years, 93% at 10 years, and 89% at 15 years; however, this was not different between the anti-PLA2R groups. ESRD occurred significantly faster in patients with severe proteinuria as compared to patients with either mild (p = 0.02) or moderate proteinuria (p = 0.05). Conclusions: Low anti-PLA2R levels may predict spontaneous remissions in patients with PLA2R-related MN. Therefore, we suggest that quantification of anti-PLA2R is of value to monitor these patients.
Clinical Features of Refractory Pouchitis with Penetrating Lesions and the Efficacy of Infliximab Treatment for Patients with Ulcerative Colitis after Restorative Proctocolectomy
Authors: Uchino Motoi , Ikeuchi Hiroki , Bando Toshihiro , Hirose Kei , Hirata Akihiro , Chohno Teruhiro , Sasaki Hirofumi , Horio Yuki , Takahashi Yoshiko , Takesue Yoshio , Hida Nobuyuki , Hori Kazutoshi , Nakamura Shiro
Published: September 2015

Background: Chronic pouchitis with penetrating anal lesions often leads to pouch failure after restorative proctocolectomy. The aim of this study was to analyze those predictors and to evaluate the effects of infliximab (IFX). Methods: We reviewed patients' backgrounds and performed a prospective trial of IFX treatment. Possible pre-operative factors were analyzed. Efficacy was assessed by comparing the pouchitis disease activity index (PDAI) and peri-anal DAI. Long-term efficacy was assessed via the rate of pouch failure. Results: A total of 41 patients with refractory pouchitis were included. Although the patients with penetrating lesions were younger than those without, neither predictive pre-operative factors nor a correlation of C-related protein levels were observed. A total of 10 patients with penetrating lesions were enrolled for IFX treatment. Although the PDAI and peri-anal DAI decreased significantly (p = 0.04 and p = 0.02, respectively), the primary non-responders during the induction of IFX were 3 patients with obvious abscesses. The 1-year cumulative pouch failure rate was 0% in patients without abscesses and 50% in patients with abscesses under IFX maintenance. Conclusions: IFX treatment for refractory pouchitis with penetrating complications appears to be effective. However, once penetrating lesions develop to abscesses, these lesions are difficult to heal.
Evaluation of CYP17A1 and LEP Gene Polymorphisms in Breast Cancer
Authors: Karakus Nevin , Kara Nurten , Ulusoy Ali N. , Ozaslan Cihangir , Tural Sengul , Okan Ismail
Published: September 2015

Background: Polymorphisms of estrogen synthesis- and adiposity-related genes can contribute to the development of breast cancer. The purpose of the current study was to analyze the association between CYP17A1 T27C (rs743572) and LEP -2548G>A (rs7799039) gene polymorphisms and breast cancer. Material and Methods: 199 breast cancer patients and 197 healthy controls were included in the study. The CYP17A1 and LEP gene polymorphisms were determined using polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results: No statistically significant association was found between these polymorphisms and breast cancer risk among a Turkish population. However, stratified analysis of these polymorphisms in relation to different clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer revealed an association between breast cancer diagnosis and the CYP17A1 T27C polymorphism (p = 0.024). Conclusion: Our study suggests no strong association between the CYP17A1 T27C and LEP -2548G>A polymorphisms and the incidence of breast cancer in Turkish women. The potential association between CYP17A1 T27C and the type of breast cancer deserves further consideration.
miR-584 Suppresses Invasion and Cell Migration of Thyroid Carcinoma by Regulating the Target Oncogene ROCK1
Authors: Xiang Jun , Wu Yi , Li Duan-Shu , Wang Zhuo-Ying , Shen Qiang , Sun Tuan-Qi , Guan Qing , Wang Yun-Jun
Published: September 2015

Background: Uncovering the target gene of miR-584 to control thyroid carcinoma (TC) invasion and migration is of central importance in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of TC. To validate whether miR-584 has a tumor-suppressive role in thyroid cancer cells by targeting ROCK1, a series of experiments were conducted to figure out the mechanism of action of miR-584. Material and Methods: Migration analyses and cell proliferation assays were performed using miR-584-transfected cells. The expression levels of miR-584 in TC were detected by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Western blot analyses were conducted to find out the relationship between the tumor suppressor miR-584 and the target oncogene ROCK1 protein expression levels. Wound healing experiments were used to examine the relationships between miR-584 and the migration of thyroid cancer K1 cells and the effects of ROCK1 knockdown on K1 cell motility. Results: Our results demonstrate that altering the miR-584 levels affects human thyroid cancer cell migration, but has no effect on cell proliferation. The relative ROCK-1 expression levels were 1 and 0.54 in the scrambled-sequence control group and the miR-584 group, respectively. K1 cells transfected with siRNA-ROCK-1 showed weaker cell migration than cells transfected with siRNA-NC (negative control); the cell motility ratios were 18% and 27%, respectively. Conclusion: These results indicate that miR-584 could inhibit the expression of ROCK1, and ROCK1 knockdown would further affect the migration ability of K1 cells.
Acute Kidney Injury in the Surgical Patient: Recognition and Attribution
Authors: Bihorac Azra
Published: September 2015

Postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is not only one of the most common postoperative complications but is also associated with increased in-hospital mortality, decreased survival for up to 10 years after surgery and an increased risk for progression to chronic kidney disease and hemodialysis. Most of the studies that have developed clinically applicable risk models for prediction of AKI have focused on the most severe stages of AKI and rarely on less severe stages defined by consensus definitions. Furthermore, although multiple physiological signals are continuously recorded as a part of intraoperative management, their use for the development of risk models for AKI has been limited. Accurate risk stratification of patients in real time would enable the selection of optimal therapy in a timely fashion to prevent AKI altogether, or to mitigate the effects of the complication even before symptoms arise and can be tailored to a patients' personal clinical profile.
Curricular guidelines and citizenship attitudes in Latin American students: a comparative analysis
Authors: Bascopé Martín , Bonhomme Macarena , Cox Cristián , Castillo Juan Carlos , Miranda Daniel
Published: September 2015

(analytical): Curricular guidelines have become progressively relevant for educating future active citizens. In such a context, it becomes crucial to explore the relationship between the curricular guidelines and how citizenship education is currently acquired by students in Latin American countries. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to comparatively evaluate the institutional view of citizenship expressed in each curriculum and students’ attitudes on civic issues. The exploratory factor analysis and curricular descriptive statistical analysis are based in two valuable and complementary sources, respectively: The Latin American module of the International Civic and Citizenship Study (ICCS) and the Regional System of Citizenship Skills (Sredecc). By making a systematic comparison of both sources, this study reveals that several curricular aspects are consistent with students’ citizenship attitudes and beliefs, and suggests some guidelines for improving and expanding citizenship education in Latin America, considering the importance of education for the formation of an active citizenship.
Pedagogía de los movimientos sociales como prácticas de paz en contextos de guerra
Authors: Botero-Gómez Patricia
Published: September 2015

(descriptivo): En este texto se confronta una discusión disciplinar pedagógica -epistemológica- con una no disciplinar -ontológica- relacionada con procesos formativos que explicitan diferentes experiencias organizativas en Colombia. En su primera parte se presenta la relación entre las nociones de pedagogía, formación, educación y movimientos sociales; en la segunda, se exponen algunas narrativas colectivas acerca de las prácticas formativas construidas en comunidades y movimientos sociales en contextos de guerra. Las comunidades vinculadas a movimientos sociales, además de traer una lucha política, aportan formas alternativas de formación política y nuevas epistemologías desde la diversidad, y una crítica no sólo cognitiva o ideológica sino, principalmente, existencial, que re-crea los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje y la construcción de poderes subalternos anclados a los contextos culturales y territorios de vida capaces de cambiar las formas de relación inter-humanas y entre mundos, cruzando fronteras civilizatorias y con la tierra entre nos.
Saberes ambientales lafkenche en escuelas de la costa de la Araucanía (Chile)
Authors: Rojas-Maturana Marcela , Peña-Cortés Fernando
Published: September 2015

(analytical): This study is an approach to the reality of the oral transmission of knowledge and practices in the lafkenche territory by families that live in the wetlands areas along the coastal rim of La Araucanía (Chile). Surveys were applied children, parents, teachers and cultural advisors in five schools for the data collection process. The study identifies the existence of territorial knowledge among this population, however this is only expressed and transmitted within the home. The authors conclude that a systematic approach to engaging students with their original culture, the permanence of cultural advisors in the context of the school, a real commitment by non-indigenous teachers and their knowledge and respect of the local indigenous culture can eventually achieve satisfactory results in the preservation of the lafkenche language and cultural practices.
Key words: bilingual education, wetlands, traditional knowledge, Chile, lafkenche (Unesco Social Science Thesaurus).
“The Misinterpretation of Violence”: Heidegger’s Reading of Hegel and Schmitt on Gewalt
Authors: Bernasconi Robert
Published: September 2015

In the winter semester 1934–35 Heidegger used the occasion of an introductory seminar on Hegel’s Philosophy of Right as the context for a sustained confrontation with the legal theorist Carl Schmitt. In this paper, I establish the context for Heidegger’s confrontation with Schmitt from 1933 to early 1935; I explain why Heidegger chose Hegel as the context for his discussion; and above all, I demonstrate how their various attempts to make sense of the seizure of power by the Nazis was combined with a systematic neglect of the pervasive violence of the times.
A Failure of Modernization: Police Reform, The “Common Good,” and Serfdom In Eighteenth-Century Russia
Authors: Hudson Hugh D.
Published: September 2015

For Russian subjects not locked away in their villages and thereby subject almost exclusively to landlord control, administration in the eighteenth century increasingly took the form of the police. And as part of the bureaucracy of governance, the police existed within the constructions of the social order—as part of social relations and their manifestations through political control. This article investigates the social and mental structures—the habitus—in which the actions of policing took place to provide a better appreciation of the difficulties of reform and modernization. Eighteenth-century Russia shared in the European discourse on the common good, the police, and social order. But whereas Michel Foucault and Michael Ignatieff see police development in Europe with its concern to surveil and discipline emerging from incipient capitalism and thus a product of new, post-Enlightenment social forces, the Russian example demonstrates the power of the past, of a habitus rooted in Muscovy. Despite Peter’s and especially Catherine’s well-intended efforts, Russia could not succeed in modernization, for police reforms left the enserfed part of the population subject to the whims of landlord violence, a reflection, in part, of Russia having yet to make the transition from the feudal manorial economy based on extra-economic compulsion to the capitalist hired-labor estate economy. The creation of true centralized political organization—the creation of the modern state as defined by Max Weber—would require the state’s domination over patrimonial jurisdiction and landlord control over the police. That necessitated the reforms of Alexander II.
The Alliance between Byzantium and Rus’ Before the Conquest of Constantinople by the Crusaders in 1204
Authors: Maiorov Alexander V.
Published: September 2015

The Galician-Volhynian prince Roman Mstislavich became the main military ally of the Byzantine Empire in the early 13th century. The circumstances and the time of Roman’s campaign in Niketas Choniates’ account are the same as in the Russian chronicles reporting the steppe campaigns of the prince. All the Byzantine sources name Roman Mstislavich the “igemon of Galicia”. The term igemon, unlike other Byzantine titles of Rusian princes, meant the Emperor’s ally and relative (or in-law). The alliance between Alexios III and Roman led also to more stable relations with the Rusian population of the Lower Dniester and the Lower Danube. The military aid that Roman rendered to Alexios III was guaranteed by Roman’s marriage to the niece of Alexios III, the elder daughter of the overthrown emperor Isaak II.
1944–1948
Authors: Stotland Daniel
Published: September 2015

This work contests that the shift in the Soviet policies, usually referred to as Zhdanovshchina, was not the function of the war’s end and the response to bipolar confrontation between the Soviet Union. Rather, the rise of Andrei Zhdanov began during the war itself and was the result of the ongoing cyclical conflict within the party state between the pragmatist faction of Georgii Malenkov advocating the focus on the technological expertise of the Soviet administrative elite and Zhdanov’s faction intent on prioritizing political education and ideological purity.

The paper, drawing heavily on the archival materials, will analyze the failure of the ideologues to roll back the gains made by the technocrats under the pressure of the early wartime crisis. Zhdanov’s reform program utilized a universalist approach, which was an attempt to use the ideological purification of the party as a vehicle to restore the Kremlin’s political control over the provinces and the technocrats. Both the provincial party bosses and the chiefs of the economic Ministries achieved a considerable degree of autonomy during the war, a compromise made by Moscow in order to allow a more efficient mobilization of resources.

Yet the dream of maintaining adequate economic performance through increased political education quickly turned out to be a mirage. Under the rising pressure of post-war reconstruction to retain the productivity, the wartime compromises proved increasingly durable. Faced with the united opposition of the technocrats, the provincial party bosses, and the Ministerial apparatus Zhdanov’s reforms, and his political fortunes, floundered and collapsed.
Conflict, Social Identity, and Violence in the World of Russian Rural Medicine: Two Chekhov Stories
Authors: Ramer Samuel C.
Published: September 2015

Anton Chekhov’s stories “An Unpleasantness” (1888) and “Thieves” (1890) provide nuanced portrayals of the world of rural medicine in late tsarist Russia. The stories, which are rooted in the historical experience of zemstvo medicine, explore the conflicts and everyday travails that physicians and feldshers encountered in their zemstvo service. This article locates the stories in the historical environment of the time in which they are set. Chekhov focuses particular attention upon physicians’ and feldshers’ preoccupation with their status and social identity together with their relationships both with one another and with their zemstvo employers. The stories suggest the ways in which the frustrations and conflicts of rural practice fostered an undercurrent of despair or even violence within the zemstvo medical world itself. Within the stories, Chekhov explicitly links his protagonists’ everyday experience to the transformations that occur in their overall consciousness.
Foreign Policy Doctrine of the Kadets on the Eve of the First World War: Discussion Questions
Authors: Селезнев Федор Александрович , Seleznev Fedor Aleksandrovich
Published: September 2015

The article analyzes views of the Constitutional Democratic Party (Kadets) on Russia’s foreign policy before 1914. The article shows that the Kadets favored an alliance with England, and never supported Russian diplomatic attempts to maneuver between the Allies and the Central Powers. Any political contacts between Russia and Germany immediately elicited a negative reaction from the Kadet press.
Conspiracy and Ambition in Russian Politics before the February Revolution of 1917: The Case of Prince Georgii Evgen’evich L’vov
Authors: Lyandres Semion
Published: September 2015

This article uses new and previously known but under-exploited sources to reexamine the significance of pre-revolutionary conspiracies centered around Prince G.E. L’vov for the liberals’ dilemma about the leadership and form of a popular cabinet. The article sheds new light on L’vov’s efforts and motives to organize these plots, challenges his traditional depiction as a ‘soft’ and ineffectual politician, and questions his long-assumed rivalry with the Duma President M.V. Rodzianko for the premiership in a post-Nikolaevan government.
об эпистолярном архиве Н.А. Роскиной
Authors: Роскина Ирина , Roskina Irina
Published: September 2015

Drawing on archival letters from the writer and memoirist N.A. Roskina (1927–1989), the article traces important events affecting Roskina’s daily life and that of her friends, relatives, and associates, including many prominent figures of the post-1945 Soviet literary world.
Bryophytes from restinga in Setiba State Park, Espírito Santo State, Brazil

Authors: Visnadi Sandra Regina , Vital Daniel Moreira
Published: September 2015

A total of 34 bryophyte species were identified (25 hepatics, 9 mosses) from restinga at Setiba State Park, Guarapari Municipality, Espírito Santo State, Brazil. Several species reported previously from restinga appear to be erroneous records, based on misidentification.
Nomenclatural notes on some species of Arthothelium (Lichenized Ascomycotina)

Authors: Makhija Urmila , Patwardhan P. G.
Published: September 2015

Nomenclatural changes are presented for eleven species of the genus Arthothelium, resulting in four new combinations and five new synonyms. The new combinations are: Arthothelium subbessale (Nyl.) comb. nov., Cyclographina circumscissa (Vain.) comb. nov., Minksia angolensis (Nyl.) comb. nov. and Thelotrema puniceum (Müll. Arg.) comb. nov. In addition, a new species is described, Arthothelium endoaurantiacum.
The influence of leaf characteristics on epiphyllic cover: a test of hypotheses with artificial leaves

Authors: Monge-Najera Julian , Blanco Mario A.
Published: September 2015

Studies of epiphyll ecology have been hindered by the biochemical and morphological variability of the leaf substrate. The use of artificial (plastic ribbon tape) leaves solved that problem in a study done at the Braulio Carrillo National Park, Costa Rica. It showed that after nine months of field exposure, relative epiphyll cover was similar in five leaf shapes and two sizes. Driptips do not affect epiphyll cover, which was four times higher under a clearing than in the shaded understory, for all leaf shapes and sizes.
First record of the genus Lumahyphes Molineri, 2004 (Ephemeroptera: Leptohyphidae) from Brazil with description of a new species
Authors: BOLDRINI R. , SANTOS G.C. , OLIVEIRA D.R.
Published: September 2015

The genus Lumahyphes Molineri, 2004 (Ephemeroptera: Leptohyphidae) currently is comprised of three species. Lumahyphes cocal sp. nov. is described based on material from the state of Roraima in northern Brazil. The new species differs from the other described species by having the following combination of characteristics: greyish wing membrane; terga base color whitish and terga I–III & VIII–X washed completely with gray; dorsal structure of penes rounded; spines of penes S-shaped in lateral view; and apex of spines directed anteriorly.
A new species of Camellocossus Yakovlev, 2011 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) from Southern Oman
Authors: YAKOVLEV ROMAN V. , SALDAITIS AIDAS , RIMSAITE JOLANTA , IVINSKIS POVILAS
Published: September 2015

The genus Camellocossus Yakovlev, 2011 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) was established for Cossus abyssinica (Hampson 1910) by Yakovlev (2011). Camellocossus is close to Mahommedella Yakovlev, 2011 (type species—Catopta rungsi (Daniel & Witt 1974), distributed in Western part of Sahara) but differs from it by having the following characters: 1) male antennae have much shorter rami 2) a straight phallus, 3) juxta with acute-angled upwardly divergent lateral processes. Currently, three species are included in the genus Camellocossus (Yakovlev 2011): C. abyssinica (Hampson, 1910), C. henleyi (Warren & Rothschild 1905) and C. osmanya Yakovlev (2011). Members of the genus are spread throughout Northern Africa (Algeria, Egypt, Ethiopia, Mauritania, Morocco, Somalia, Sudan and Yemen). The host plants – Vachellia nilotica and V. tortilis var. raddiana (de Joannis 1909; Rungs 1972) are known for C. henleyi. During a study of Arabian Lepidoptera by Jurgen Krüger and Aidas Saldaitis a new species of the genus Camellocossus was discovered and is described below. All specimens were collected using light traps. The genitalia slides were examined with the use of a Zeiss Stemi 2000 C microscope and the images were taken with an Olympus XC 50 camera.
Redefinition of the genus Bannapone and description of B. cryptica sp. nov. Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Amblyoponinae)
Authors: EGUCHI KATSUYUKI , VIET BUI TUAN , YAMANE SEIKI , TERAYAMA MAMORU
Published: September 2015

The ant genus Bannapone was established by Xu in 2000 and has been recognized as one of the rarest ant genera in the world. In the course of our careful examination of Asian species of Stigmatomma, we have found that the following Stigmatomma species share a unique morphological characteristic in mandibular dentition with Bannapone mulanae and B. scrobiceps: Stigmatomma caliginosum (Onoyama, 1999), Stigmatomma fulvida (Terayama, 1987), S. pertinax (Baroni Urbani, 1978), S. zwaluwenburgi Williams, 1946 and an unnamed species “Stigmatomma sp. eg-3”. In the present paper, we redefine Bannapone, describe “Stigmatomma sp. eg-3” as a new species of Bannapone, and transfer S. caliginosum, S. fulvida, S. pertinax and S. zwaluwenburgi Williams, 1946 to Bannapone.
Two new species of Phyllodistomum Braun, 1899 (Digenea: Gorgoderidae), from freshwater fishes (Cyprinodontiformes: Goodeidae: Goodeinae) in central Mexico: An integrative taxonomy approach using morphology, ultrastructure and molecular phylogenetics
Authors: DE LEÓN GERARDO PÉREZ-PONCE , MARTÍNEZ-AQUINO ANDRÉS , MENDOZA-GARFIAS BERENIT
Published: September 2015

An integrative taxonomy approach is used to characterise the diversity of gorgoderid trematodes that parasitize freshwater fishes of the subfamily Goodeinae in central Mexico. Records of Phyllodistomum sp. and Dendrorchis sp. from the urinary bladder of goodeines have been previously published, although the identification at species level was not achieved. A few specimens were collected and fixed to conduct a scanning electron microscopy study, and to obtain sequences of a mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear (28S rRNA) gene, to be analysed in the context of the molecular phylogeny of gorgoderid trematodes. Based on the new findings, two new species of Phyllodistomum Braun, 1899 are described. Phyllodistomum cribbi n. sp. was found in Zoogoneticus quitzeoensis (Bean), Allotoca zacapuensis Meyer, Radda & Domínguez-Domínguez, Hubbsina turneri de Buen and Z. purhepechus Domínguez-Domínguez, Pérez-Rodríguez & Doadrio from Zacapu Lake, and La Luz Spring, in Michoacan, central Mexico. Phyllodistomum wallacei n. sp. parasitized Xenotaenia resolanae Turner, Ilyodon furcidens (Jordan & Gilbert), and Allodontichthys tamazulae Turner from the Cuzalapa, Ayuquila and Tamazula Rivers in Jalisco, western Mexico. These species are compared with several freshwater Phyllodistomum species from different areas of the world, especially a group of eight species that comprise a monophyletic clade in recent phylogenetic hypotheses of the Gorgoderidae Looss, 1899. The two new species are distinguished from other close relatives by the combination of morphological traits such as the body shape, sucker ratio, shape of the gonads, and extension of intestinal ceca. The new species are distinct in some ultrastructural characters of the body surface when compared with those species where scanning electron micrographs (SEM) and/or microphotographs are available. Data of two molecular markers (28S rRNA and COI genes) demonstrate that the two new species are distinct from each other and from those species of Phyllodistomum Braun, 1899 for which sequences are available.
Pochodzenie i znaczenie wyrazu szkulepa
Authors: Waniakowa Jadwiga
Published: September 2015

The origin and meaning of the word szkulepaThe article deals with the history and etymology of the word szkulepa ‘jade’, ‘old cow’, ‘old, ugly woman’. It exists in the Doroszewski’s dictionary as an old word with no etymology. The author presents the lexicographical history of the word in Polish and reflects on its origin and morphological structure. She explores for this purpose various dictionaries of foreign languages as follows: Russian, Byelorussian and Lithuanian. She confirms that probably related words appear only in Lithuanian. Then she analyses the morphology of the discussed word. Finally, she comes to a conclusion that the word szkulepa comes into existence on the Lithuanian-Byelorussian borderland and makes a hybrid consisting of the Lithuanian lexical morpheme škùl-, which exists in a few Lithuanian words, and the unproductive Byelorussian suffix -ep-a.  Происхождение и значение лексемы szkulepaСтатья посвящена этимологическому анализу лексемы szkulepa ‘дряхлая коняга’, ‘старая корова’, ‘старая, некрасивая женщина’. Данное слово отмечено в словаре под редакцией Дорошевского с пометой устарелое и без этимологии. Автор представила лексикографическую историю слова, обсуждая его происхождение и морфологическую структуру. Для этого использовались разные словари: русские, белорусские, литовские. Оказывается, что родственные слова можно найти лишь в литовском языке. На основе морфологического анализа можно сделать вывод, что слово szkulepa образовалось на литовско-белорусском пограничье и является гибридом, состоящим из литовской лексической морфемы škùl-, встречающейся в нескольких литовских словах, и непродуктивного белорусского суффикса -ер-а.
К истории формирования древних фамилий современного белорусского ареала
Authors: Гурская [Hurskaia] Юлия [IUliia]
Published: September 2015

To the history of the ancient family names format on of modern Belarus arealThe aim of the article is investigation of the ancient family names formation of the modern Belarus areal covering three aspects: areal topological, comparatively historical and lingua cultural.The Object Subject of the article is the etymological reconstruction of the anthroponymycal archetypes, cultural possibilities and modes of ancient family names conceptualization. We understand the term “ancient family names” as family naming in the XIV–XV centuries when this territory belong to the Great Principality of Lithuania. We attributed to the ancient family names’ nuclear composite and formed out of them short onomastic units that go back, regarding X. Krae, to the ancient European areal. Many anthroponymycal roots entering into the composition of ancient complex names are referred by investigators to the category of relict proper names.Methods of investigation is areal‑typological, comparatively‑historical and descriptive. Some methods of onomastic investigation such as etymological, structural and word‑formative analysis were also used.The scientific novelty of the investigation lies in the fact that we propose the concept of the ancient family names formation in Belarus areal in the context of the formation of the European anthroponymycal systems; singled out and systematize the corpus of ancient anthroponymycal and toponymycal lexemes of investigated areal and their etymological conceptual analysis was carried out.
The principles of making maps and commmmentaries to the Atlas of the Baltic Languages
Authors: Leskauskaitė Asta , Mikulėnienė Danguolė
Published: September 2015

The principles of making maps and commentaries to The Atlas of the Baltic LanguagesPeople in Lithuania and Latvia speak related languages which belong to the Baltic branch. The fate of both states was also similar. After the restoration of independence of both countries in 1990 it was very important to bring out the similarities which link them. This is how the idea of making an atlas of the Baltic languages evolved.Preparing the Atlas of the Baltic Languages Lithuanian and Latvian linguists hope for the following: 1) to research using the geolinguisitc method into what has been common in the Baltic languages; 2) to record the boundaries of the former common area of the living Baltic languages as it was at least at the end of the 20th century; 3) to demonstrate the vast variety of the Baltic dialects which have been formed naturally in the course of history; 4) to prove the variance and archaism of the lexicon, phonetics, morphology and word formation, syntax and other linguistic phenomena, which exist in the living Baltic languages on the basis of the data obtained from old writings and dialects.The material is not only part of the historical and cultural heritage of the two related nations but also a very valuable treasure of linguistic data on an international level, which can supply much information not only to experts in the Baltic and Slav languages but also to specialists on Indo-European linguistics, ethnography, history, archaeology and other branches. Принципы составления карт и комментариев к Атласу балтийских языковВ Литве и Латвии процесс общения осуществляется на родственных языках, относящихся к балтийской ветви индоевропейской группы. После восстановления независимости государств в 1990 г. для обеих народов важным стало не только сохранение национального идентитета, но актуализация объединяющих их общих явлений. Таким образом возникла идея создания Атласа балтийских языков. При подготовке Атласа балтийских языков литовские и латвийские языковеды должны были решить следующие задачи: 1) пользуясь геолингвистическими методами выявить общие признаки живых балтийских языков; 2) установить общую площадь распространения родственных явлений и фиксировать ее границы на конец XX в.; 3) представить многообразие диалектов балтийских языков, сформировавшихся в ходе исторического развития; 4) на основе сведений диалектов и старых письменных источников раскрыть разнообразие и архаичность лексики, фонетики, морфологии, словообразования, синтаксиса и других общеязыковых явлений.Материалы Атласа балтийских языков являются неотъемлемой частью исторического и культурного наследия родственных народов; они важны и в международном масштабе, поскольку содержат полезную информацию не только для специалистов в области балтийских и славянских языков, но и для широкого круга исследователей-индоевропеистов: лингвистов, историков, археологов и др.
Rosyjskie skrótowce porewolucyjne w pierwszych radzieckich słownikach dwujęzycznych
Authors: Mędelska Jolanta
Published: September 2015

Russian post-revolutionary abbreviations in the first bilingual Russian dictionariesThe process of real expansion of abbreviations started at the end of 19th century and it developed tremendously in 20th century. The process of creating abbreviations in Russian became active after World War I and suddenly became widespread particularly in the post-revolutionary period. At that time abbreviations were created spontaneously and in a disorganized way, yet numerous creations were commonly used. The period of time during which they were used was usually short, compare: ОСОАВИАХИМ (= Общество содействия обороне, авиации и химическому строительству). In most cases they were names of political parties, combat, revolutionary, social and other organizations, for instance: волисполком, военкомат, ревком. This characteristic type of Russian lexis was very troublesome for Polish intellectuals who were trying to code the Polish Russian language, i.e. specific, language code with many Russian and Soviet idioms that was used by the Polish living in the Soviet Union during the post-revolutionary period. Attempts to standardize abbreviations were reflected in translation dictionaries (Polish-Russian and Russian-Polish) published in Moscow in the 30s of 20th century. Русские послереволюционные аббревиатуры в первых советских двуязычных словаряхПроцесс настоящей экспансии аббревиатур начался в конце XIX столетия и продолжался, продвигаясь большими темпами, в ХХ веке. В русском языке аббревиация сильно активизировалась после первой мировой войы, особенно бурно распространялась в ранний послереволюционный период. В то время аббревиатуры образовались спонтанно, стихийно, неупорядоченно, но – несмотря на это – многие подобные образования попадали в общенародный обиход. Как правило, их жизнь быстро обрывалась, ср. ОСОАВИАХИМ (= Общество содействия обороне, авиации и химическому строительству). В основном это были названия политических партий, боевых, революционных, общественных и др. организаций, напр.: волисполком, военкомат, ревком. Этот характерный слой русской лексики доставлял много хлопот польским интеллигентам, пытавшимся кодифицировать советский польский язык, этот особый, сильнорусифицированный и советизированный языковой код, используемый поляками, проживавшими в СССР в межвоенный период. Попытки нормализовать образования аббревиатурного типа нашли отражение в переводных словарях (польско-русском и русско-польском), выпущенных в Москве в 30-е годы ХХ в.
Sytuacja socjolingwistyczna Polaków bukowińskich
Authors: Krasowska Helena
Published: September 2015

Sociolinguistic situation of Poles in BukovinaIn the present article the author presented the sociolinguistic situation of Poles in Bukovina. She paid attention to the group of Bukovina mountaineers who stayed in Bukovina after the repatriation in 1945 and those who currently inhabit the so called Western Lands. The Poles in Bukovina were not a homogenous group. The Polish population settling in Bukovina since the 18th century was of a different place of origin. We need to distinguish three basic groups: newcomers from Galicia, Lesser Poland and from the region of Cadca in Slovakia. This resulted in using three variations of the Polish language in this area.The following domains of language usage have been distinguished for the description of the Polish mountaineers in Bukovina and so called Western Lands: family, neighbourhood, church, school, offices.The author highlights that there should be a sociolinguistic research of all the Bukovina mountaineers in Poland in comparison with studies which have discussed this group in Bukovina so far. Apart from problems regarding linguistic interference, shifting codes, the theory of bilingualism and diglossia such research should include extralinguistic conditions, e.g. origin, age, education, profession, departures.  Cоциолингвистическая ситуация поляков в БуковинеВ статье представлена социолингвистическая ситуация поляков, проживающих в Буковине. Особое внимание обращено на группу граждан не эвакуирующуюся в Польшу в 1945 году и оставшуюся на постоянное жительство вне родины. Те, кто покинул Буковину и переехал в Польшу, поселились на западных польских территориях. Буковинские поляки–горцы не составляли однородной группы. Польские поселенцы, прибывающие в Буковину, начиная с XVIII столетия, были выходцами из разных районов Польши: прибыли из Галиции, Малой Польши, и чадецкого района Словакии. Cледовательнo они разговаривали на разных диалектах. Oбcyждалось употребление данной разновидности языка в следующих областях: семья, соседи, церковь, школа, правительственные организации.Автор статьи обращает внимание на необходимость сравнительных социолингвистических исследований всех групп польских буковинских горцев с группой, проживающей с 1945 года в Польше.
Obszar językowy litewski w państwie polskim 1927–1933
Authors: Chomiński Olgierd
Published: September 2015

Lithuanian linguistic territory in the Polish state between 1927–1933Olgierd Chomiński (1884–1943), professor of Stephan Batory’s University in Vilnius, investigated and described in detail the territory and the boundaries of Lithuanian language in Poland, and presented them in the form of a map published in 1939. Full list of localities and the number of persons speaking Lithuanian (as well as Polish, Belorussian, Russian Old Believers and Yiddish in mutual relations) were arranged and discussed successively: uniform areas (Święciany 50 000, Orany 24 000, Puńsk–Sejny 8 200) mixed areas (Ejszyszki, Soleczniki, Werenów, Raduń 9 500), and linguistic islands (Opsa 2 200, Gierwiaty 4 000, Dziewieniszki 4 200, Łazduny 2 500, Wilno–Troki 900 and several dozen people in Zdzięcioł), altogether about 106 000 persons, who could speak or understand Lithuanian language. After the author’s death the materials have been supplemented by Professor Jan Safarewicz, but the whole has been prepared for publication by Leszek Bednarczuk.  Литовский языковой ареал в Польском государстве 1927–1933В северо-восточных районах Польши в междувоенный период проживало литовское меньшинство, главным образом на этнических литовских землях. С течением времени обнаружилась тенденция к сокращению этого ареала. Pacceлeние и кoличecтвo литовского нacceлeния нa мecтах иccлeдовaл пoльcкий yчeный O. Хоминьски. Автор публикуемых материалов, Ольгерд Хоминьски, был профессором в Университете им. Стефана Батория в Вильнюсе. Умер в 1943 году, не окончив начатого труда. До начала II мировой войны (в 1939 году) была издана лишь карта литовского языкового ареала в Польше и подготовлена к печати лишь глава, описываюшая свенцянскинй район. Остальной материал остался необработанным. К изданию данный материал подготовил профессор Л. Беднарчук. Нecкoлькo нeбoльших глaв oбрaбoтал в началe 50-их гoдов XX вeка проф. Ян Caфаpeвич.
A Practically Validated Adaptive Calibration Technique using Optimized Artificial Neural Network for Level Measurement by Capacitance Level Sensor
Authors: KV Santhosh , Roy Binoy Krishna
Published: September 2015

Design of an adaptive calibration technique using an optimized artificial neural network for liquid-level measurement is discussed in this paper. The objective of the present work is to design and validate an adaptive calibration technique so as (1) to extend the linearity range of measurement to 100% of full-scale input range and (2) to make the measurement technique adaptive of variations in tank diameter, permittivity of liquid, liquid temperature, and to achieve objectives (1) and (2) using an optimized neural network. An optimized artificial neural network is a network having least possible number of hidden layers to achieve minimum mean square error between outputs and targets by comparing various algorithms, schemes, and transfer functions of neuron. The output of capacitance level sensor is capacitance. A data conversion unit is used to convert it to voltage. A suitable optimized artificial neural network is designed and used in place of conventional calibration circuit. The proposed technique is tested with simulated data and validated with practical data. Results show that proposed technique has fulfilled the set objectives.