bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Psychological Capital and Anxiety Felt by Post-Market Fire Disaster Victims
Authors: Fitria Dian , Mustikasari Mustikasari , Panjaitan Ria Utami
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Traditional markets are a financial resource for traders. Fire disasters at the traditional markets will have a bad effect in terms of generating both financial and psychological problems. There is a lack of studies about the psychological problems experienced by traditional market fire victims. The aim of this study is to identify the correlation of psychological capital (hope, self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism) with the anxiety level among the victims of market fire disasters in Central Jakarta.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional approach with a non-probability sampling method. This study involved 174 market fire victims from Central Jakarta. The independent variables were psychological capital, which includes hope, self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism. The dependent variable was anxiety level. The instruments used the Hope scale, the General Self Efficacy scale, The 14-item Resilience scale (RS-14), the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) scale and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale. The data analysis used an Independent T-Test, Chi-Square, and multiple logistic regression prediction modeling.Results: The more kiosks burned, the more that the informant’s anxiety increased by about4.845 times after applying a control factor of self-efficacy and optimism with a Wald value of 23.146.Conclusion: Psychological capital (self-efficacy and optimism) have a significant correlation with anxiety in the market fire disaster victims. Good self-efficacy and optimism can reduce the level of anxiety felt.  This study highlighted that psychological capital is a part of the disaster assessment as the basis for providing disaster nursing interventions.
Risk of Mortality on Patients with Traffic Accidents of Emergency Department at dr. Soebandi Hospital, Jember Regency
Authors: Setioputro Baskoro , Listiyawati Indah , Rosyidi Muhammad Nur Kholid
Published: July 2020

Introduction: The number of deaths due to traffic accidents has become a global burden. In addition SDGs 2030 has set a target to decrease the number of fatalities and global injuries due to traffic accidents. The purpose of this study was to analyse the risk of mortality due to traffic accidents in the Emergency Department (ED) of dr.Soebandi Hospital Regional, Jember Regency.Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out in the ED by studying medical records of the traffic accident patients aged ≥16 years. The sampling technique was simple random sampling with sample size 250. The study collected data with Modified Rapid Emergency Medicine Score. This study result was analyzed with frequency distribution and Chi-square test.Results: The result showed respondents who experienced traffic accidents were mostly 20-29 years old (19.6%). The majority of the patients were men (68.4%). The riders of two/three-wheeled vehicles who suffered traffic accidents reached 73.2%. Most of the accidents   occurred between 06.00-11.59am, 37.6%. Generally, traffic accidents occur to drivers as much as 68.4% and the number of types of head trauma as much as 57.2%. This study showed that 94.8% patients were at low risk of mortality. There was significant relationship between risk of mortality and the role in vehicle use (p-value = 0.043).Conclusion: Almost all patients have a low risk of mortality in the ED of dr. Soebandi Hospital Jember Regency.
Self-Efficacy and Health Status in Coronary Artery Disease Patients
Authors: Wantiyah Wantiyah , Saputra Mochamad Riko , Deviantony Fitrio
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) impairs all aspects of the patient's life due to the decrease in physical function and lower quality of life, indicating an overall decreased health status. Self-efficacy as a psychological factor plays an important role in individuals maintaining a healthy lifestyle and improving their health status. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between self-efficacy and the health status of coronary artery disease patients.Methods: This study used an observational analytic research design with a cross-sectional approach. This study involved 112 respondents who were coronary artery disease patients in RSD Dr. Soebandi Jember obtained through the incidental sampling method. The data was collected using Cardiac Self-Efficacy (CSE) and Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ). The data analysis used the Spearman rank test with a 95% CI.Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between self-efficacy and health status (p = 0,001, r = 0.307, α = 0,05). Self-efficacy was in good category (71,41 points) while health status was also in the good category (79,56 points).Conclusion: The low positive correlation between the two variables shows that the higher the value of self-efficacy, the higher the value of health status. Good self-efficacy through healthy living behaviors can increase the health status of coronary heart disease patients. It is important for nurses to improve the psychological aspect of the patients including self-efficacy when optimizing their self-care and health status.
The Effect of Nursing Intervention-based Levine Conceptual Model Program on Rehabilitation Process among Fracture Patients
Authors: Siregar Henrianto Karolus , Tanjung Dudut , Sitepu Nunung Febriany
Published: July 2020

Introduction: The nursing intervention program is a strategy for the rehabilitation process among fracture patients The Levine conceptual model program is a practical nursing theory using energy conservation, energy, structural integrity, personal integrity, and social integrity. The study aims to identify the effect of nursing intervention based on Levine's theory of the rehabilitation process among fracture patients.Methods: A quasi-experimental with equivalent control group design was applied in this study. Sixty-two respondents were selected into the experimental group (n=31) and control group (n=31) by using a consecutive sampling technique. The patients' rehabilitation on fracture included sleep disorder, pain, anxiety, and family support as dependent variables. Researchers used the Sleep Quality Scale (SQS) instrument, the Numeric Rating Scale, the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and the family support scale. Data were analyzed using a Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test.Results: The results showed a significant effect of patients' recovery on fracture among patients after receiving Levine-based nursing intervention than before receiving the intervention (p <0.05). The results of research on the nursing intervention program are based on Levine's conceptual model of sleep disorders, pain, anxiety, and family support (p <0.05). In conclusion, there was significantly different nursing intervention based on Levine in   energy conservation, energy, structural integrity, personal integrity, and social integrity.Conclusion: The nursing intervention program based on Levine's conceptual model could be part of independent nursing intervention to deal with recovery in fracture patients. Based on this description, the researcher is interested in examining the effect of nursing intervention based on Levine’s conceptual model program on rehabilitation process among fracture patients.
Exploring the Influencing Factors on Breast Self-Examination Among Myanmar Women: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Myint Nyein Moh Moh , Nursalam Nursalam , Mar’ah Has Eka Mishbahatul
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Breast self-examination (BSE) is the most sensitive and cost-effective method to diagnose breast cancer at an early stage in healthcare resources’ limited setting. However, the practice of BSE is low in Myanmar. Although various international studies were conducted to clarify the influencing factors in irregular BSE practice, there is a range of different factors and the answer is not yet clear. Hence, this study is aimed to explore the influencing factors on the practice of breast self-examination among Myanmar women.Methods: A qualitative exploratory-descriptive study was conducted on eight women through in-depth semi-structured interviews between February 2020 and March 2020. The samples were women who lived in the rural area of Myanmar and purposive sampling technique was used. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s method, which consisted of seven stages.Results: Four themes emerged as the results of the in-depth interview, namely knowledge of breast cancer, knowledge regarding breast self-examination, barriers to performing regular BSE and ways to improve BSE practice.Conclusion: This study showed that the women were inadequate in knowledge and practice regarding BSE and breast cancer. Some barriers of BSE practice are rooted in the inadequate skill of BSE and the women’s attitude.  Greater understanding about breast cancer and improving the confidence of women in BSE will lead to better prognosis. Hence, healthcare authorities and providers should encourage a formal health education program and the results from this study hope to be useful in future rural health education programs of BSE practice.
Family Health Tasks Implementation and Medication Adherence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients: A Correlational Study
Authors: Sukartini Tintin , Purwanti Nora Dwi , Mariyanti Herdina
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Non-adherence medication is found among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Various factors influence patient adherence to medication. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between family health tasks to medication adherence among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods: The design of this study was cross-sectional, with 45 sample size of pulmonary tuberculosis patients at Polyclinic of Pulmonary Disease in Haji General Hospital Surabaya taken by using a purposive sampling technique. Independent variables of this study were family health task which includes five dimensions, recognizing the family member health problem, making decisions for appropriate treatment measures, caring for sick family members, modifying the healthy environment and utilizing the healthcare facilities. The dependent variable was medication adherence. Data were taken using the questionnaires then analyzed by Spearman rho test.Results: There was a relation between tasks of family health: recognizing the family member health problem (p=0.001), taking decisions for appropriate treatment measures (p=0.000), caring for sick family members (p=0.003), modifying the healthy environment (p=0.006), and utilizing the healthcare facilities (p=0.001) with medication adherence in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.Conclusion: The research of this study suggests the hospital arrange health education for the family and the patient to increase the quality of health services. The family can provide a conducive environment for the patient and further research can develop better research by using other methods such as direct observation, demonstration, and simulation.
SPIRITUAL WELL BEING WITH QUALITY OF LIFE IN DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENT IN WORKING AREA TANJUNGANOM HEALTH CENTER OF NGANJUK REGENCY
Authors: Ardiansyah Ganda , Purwandari Henny , Wahyuni Ririn Tri
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Physical and psychological problems in Diabetes Mellitus patient can affect quality of life. Good quality of life can help Diabetes Mellitus patient manage disease and maintain good health. Spiritual well being is associated with individual coping patterns and self care behavior of Diabetes Mellitus patient who can improve quality of life. The purpose of this research is to know the relation of spiritual well being with quality of life in Diabetes Mellitus patient in working area Tanjunganom Health Center of Nganjuk Regency. Methods: The research was conducted on 1 February 2018 and 18 March 2018 in auxiliary Health Center Jogomerto, auxiliary Health Center Surodadi and auxiliary Health Center Sumberkepuh. Correlation study design with crosssectional approach. The population was Diabetes Mellitus patient in working area Tanjunganom Health Center of Nganjuk regency with total 61 people. A sample of 27 respondents, the sampling technique was cluster random sampling. The independent variable was spiritual well being and the dependent variable was quality of life. Data collection using Spirituality Well Being Scale and Diabetes Quality of Life questionnaires. Statistical test using Spearman Rank SPSS 16 with significance α = 0,05. Results: The result showed almost half of Diabetes Mellitus patient 13 respondents (48.1%) has spiritual well being medium and almost half were 12 respondents (44,4%) has medium quality of life. Spearman Rank test results obtained ρ value = 0,000 and r = 0.963 because ρ value ≤ α (α = 0,05) then Ha accepted and Ho rejected. Conclusion: The results showed there is a relation between spiritual well being with quality of life in Diabetes Mellitus patient in working area Tanjunganom Health Center of Nganjuk Regency. Spiritual approach through religious activities can be used as a strategy to improve spiritual well being, so as improve quality of life.
CORRELATIONS OF GIVING DESINFECTION (ALCOHOL SWAB) WHEN GIVING INTRAVEIN INJECTION WITH PHLEBITIS
Authors: , Rindayati
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Phlebitis is inflammation of the veins caused by chemical irritations of additives and drugs that are given intravenously. Phlebitis is characterized by the presence of a red and warm area around the area of stabbing or along the vein. This study aims to determine the effect of disinfection (alcohol swab) on intravenous bolus injection with phlebitis. Methods: The research design used in this study is pre-experiment (Static Group Comparison). In this study the population was all patients who received intravenous bolus therapy. The sample in this study were some patients who received intravenous bolus therapy who met the inclusion criteria. Sampling in this study was simple random sampling with a total sample of 52 respondents. Results: From the Chi Square Test x2 = 17,333 and p = 0,00 because p <0. (0,00 <0,05) then H0 is rejected which means there is an influence of disinfection of alcohol swab during intravenous bolus injection with phlebitis occurrence. The number of respondents in the control group who did not / without using alcohol swab almost all respondents had phlebitis (84.6%) and only a small number did not occur phlebitis (15.3%) while respondents who were given alcohol swab during injection via intravenous bolus almost all phlebitis did not occur (92.3%) and a small proportion occurred phlebitis (7.6%). Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, can be concluded that there is an influence of alcohol swab during intravenous injection with the occurrence of plebebitis. The effort that can be done to prevent phlebitis is aseptic technique in the area of insertion and disinfection that is strong in medical devices, observation of signs and symptoms of phlebitis, infusion catheter must be replaced if it is installed > 27 hours.
EFFECT OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH EDUCATION ON ADOLESCENT KNOWLEDGE LEVEL ABOUT UNWANTED PREGNANCY IN PALALANGON VILLAGE, CIANJUR REGENCY
Authors: Natalia Lidya , Hariningsih Wintari , Majiah Isna Tresna
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Adolescence is one of the stages of life. Adolescents hope that the future of the nation needs to be taken care of physically and mentally and socially as a whole (Law No. 61/2014 about Reproductive Health), as well as all matters relating to the system and functions and processes of reproduction. In Indonesia the incidence of unwanted pregnancy in adolescents has a percentage of 17%. Adolescent reproductive health education about unwanted pregnancy is very important to be known by adolescents as one of the preventions of unwanted pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of reproductive health education on adolescent knowledge level about unwanted pregnancy in adolescent Palalangon. Methods : The study design uses a pre-experimental design one group pretest-posttest design, using a purposive sampling technique and obtained a total sampling of 39 respondents. The method of data collection is done by using a questionnaire statement totaling 25 items. Results : The results showed that 38 respondents (97.4%) before the health education program was knowledgeable and less than 1 person (2.6%) knowledgeable, whereas after health education all respondents had a good knowledge with a percentage (100%). The conclusion of Wilcoxon's statistical test analysis results obtained sig (0.00) <sig (0.05) which means that there is an effect of adolescent reproductive health education between knowledge before and after health education. Conclusion: Health care workers are expected to be able to carry out health education specifically on adolescent reproductive health as one of the preventions of unwanted pregnancy problems among adolescents
CORRELATION NURSING WORKLOAD WITH THERAPEUTIC COMMUNICATION IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Sulistyowati Arlina Dhian , Rusminingsih Esri , Prakosa Wendhi
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Therapeutic communication is communication between nurses and patient.  Some cases and action done by nurses make nurses only focus on the action carried out without regard to therapeutic communication. This study aims to determine the correlation of nurses' workload with therapeutic communication in RSU Islam Klaten. Methods: The research design was correlation with cross sectional approach. The population in this study was inpatient room nurses. Questionnaire was used as the instrument to collect the data from the total 80 respondents which were taken as sample using the purposive sampling technique. The data was analyzed using Kendall tau. Results: Based on the research show that most respondents stated that work as a nurse did not become a workload of 66,3% and able to implement communication well at 63,8%. There was correlation between nursing workload with therapeutic communication with p value= 0,000. Consulsion: Based on the results analysis, there was a correlation between nursing workload with therapeutic communication implementation. The task rolling should be applied to avoid the workload and to conduct development of therapeutic communication training.
THE EFFECT OF THERAPEUTIC GROUP THERAPY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENT SELF IDENTITY IN ORPHANAGE
Authors: Kholifah Siti , Margono Hendy Muagiri , Fitryasari Rizki , , Ah Yusuf , Endang Hanik , , Budiono
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Adolescents living in orphanages experience a lack of self-confidence, withdrawal, lack of interest in learning, lack of communication, and a closed attitude so that it will have a negative impact on cognitive, emotional, and social development. This study aims to determine the effect of Therapeutic Group Therapy (TKT) on the development of adolescent self-identity in orphanages. Methods : The study design was a Quasy experimental pre-post test control group design. The population was 104 children living in orphanages A and B. The research sample was 30 intervention groups and 32 control groups that met the inclusion criteria obtained through purposive sampling. The independent variable is Therapeutic Group Therapy while the dependent variable is self-identity. Data obtained using a questionnaire and analyzed using the Wilcoxon Sign Ranks Test and Mann-Whitney U Test with a significance level ∝ <0.05. Results : The results of the analysis of the intervention group showed the effect of TKT on self-identity (p = 0.0001). The results of the Mann-Whitney U Statistical Test of self-identity test showed a value of p = 0,0001 ( ∝ <0.05) meaning that there was an effect of TKT on self-identity between the two groups. Conclusion : TKT is done by health workers can help identify identity status teenagers and can improve self-identity teenager who lived in the orphanage through health education.
Current state of minimally invasive treatment of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Dolan Daniel P. , Dezube Aaron R. , Swanson Scott J.
Published: July 2020

Locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has historically been defined as Stage III by the IASCLC staging. While the workup for these patients has been standardized, the treatment algorithms remain unclear. The use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and now immunotherapy still awaits results in terms of optimal regimen. Surgery for local disease control is routinely used and this group of patients have historically been treated with open thoracotomy for resection. Only in the last 10-20 years have minimally invasive surgical methods been applied for treatment. Video-assisted and robotic-assisted thoracoscopic surgery have retrospectively been shown to be safe and effective with equivalent or better perioperative outcomes, long-term overall and disease-free survival, mediastinal lymph node staging to open thoracotomy, and the ability to operate on patients who are too sick for thoracotomy. This review shows that minimally invasive surgery for treatment of locally advanced NSCLC disease should now be routinely offered to patients as the initial surgical method of resection.
Grayscale Color Mapping with the Mathematical Analysis of an Ultrasound Image in the Differential Diagnosis of Cystic and Solid Breast Masses
Authors: Pasynkov D. V. , Egoshin I. A. , Kolchev A. A. , Klyushkin I. V. , Pasynkova O. O.
Published: July 2020

Objective. Atypical breast cysts are often quite a serious problem in noninvasive ultrasound differential diagnosis. To develop a system for automated analysis of grayscale ultrasound images, which on the principles of mathematical processing would make it possible to increase the specificity of diagnosis in this situation.Material and methods. The authors developed the CystChecker 1.0 software package. To test this system, they used a set of 217 ultrasound images: 107 cystic (including 53 atypical lesions that were hardly differentially diagnosed by standard methods) and 110 solid (both benign and malignant) breast masses. All the masses were verified by cytology and/or histology. Visual assessment was carried out analyzing grayscale ultrasound, color/power Doppler, and elastography images.Results. Using the system developed by the authors could correctly identify all (n = 107 (100%)) typical cysts, 107 (97.3%) of 110 solid masses, and 50 (94.3%) of 53 atypical cysts. On the contrary, the standard visual assessment provided a possibility of correctly identifying all (n = 107 (100%)) typical cysts, 96 (87.3%) of 110 solid masses, and 32 (60.4%) of 53 atypical cysts (p < 0.05). The corresponding values of the overall specificity of automated and visual assessments were 98 and 87%, respectively.Conclusion. Using the system developed by the authors for automated analysis provides a higher specificity than the visual assessment of an ultrasound image, which is carried out by a qualified specialist.
Assessment of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Baker’s Cysts and Their Correlation with the Age of Patients
Authors: Chernyad’ev S. A. , Aretinskiy V. B. , Sivkova N. I. , Zhilyakov A. V. , Korobova N. Yu. , Blinov V. S. , Grebenev E. A.
Published: July 2020

Objective. To determine the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) morphological features of Baker’s cysts and to assess their correlation with the age of patients.

Material and methods. The investigation was based on the assessment of MRI readings in 37 patients with Baker’s cysts; of them there were 29 (78.4%) women and 8 (21.6%) men. The mean age of the examinees was 60.3 years (25 to 82 years).

Results. The mean dimensions of the cysts were measured. Their length, width, and height were 34 ± 2.1 mm, 5 ± 1.2 mm (range 4–31 mm), and 58 ± 2.9 mm, respectively. Their mean thickness was 0.7 mm. Intracystic chondral bodies were detected in 3 (7.5%) cases. These parameters were shown to be unrelated to age. It was found that all cysts were multi-chamber and an average of 6.8 chambers was detected. There was a weak, inversely proportional, statistically significant relationship between the age of the patients and the number of chambers in the cyst. The younger participants of the investigation exhibited no meniscal damage in an overwhelming case (57.1%); whereas complete and incomplete meniscal tears much more often occurred in older patients with Baker’s cysts (from 29 (78.4%) to 34 (91.9%) people, respectively).

Conclusion. Degenerative bone and cartilage tissue changes in the joint increase with age, regardless of the cyst sizes.
Detectability of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations with CT Angiography in the Chuvash Republic
Authors: Mikhaylova M. N. , Kostrova O. Yu. , Merkulova L. M. , Struchko G. Yu. , Semenov A. Yu.
Published: July 2020

Objective. To estimate the detection rate of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in the Chuvash Republic and their characteristics.

Material and methods. The results of CT angiographies performed at the Unit of Radiation Diagnosis in 2014–2017 were retrospectively analyzed.

Results. Over 4 years, brain AVMs were first detected in 29 patients (5–9 cases per year); of them 59% were men and 41% were women. The peak detectability occurred at the age of 31–40 years. AVMs were more frequently localized in the frontal and temporal regions. The high risk of surgery for AVMs according to the grading scheme by R. Spetzler and N. Martin (1986) occurred in 10% of cases. Besides AVMs, cerebral vascular aneurysms were detected in 14% of patients.

Conclusion. Small AVMs with a low risk of surgery are more common; however, there is a higher risk of hemorrhagic complications. The risk of cerebral hemorrhage is higher when AVMs are fed by the internal carotid arteries and drained into the deep veins. The likelihood of strokes in AVMs is 27% higher in patients with the open circle of Willis.
The Problem of Timely Diagnosis of Multiple Primary Colon Cancer
Authors: Nudnov N. V. , Goncharov S. V. , Stanoevich U. S. , Bliznyukov O. P. , Kontorovich D. S.
Published: July 2020

Multiple primary colon cancer is an urgent medical problem of our time, which is associated with a steady increment in the incidence of the above disease and with the high complexity of its diagnosis. According to the literary sources, the incidence of this form of cancer of the colon has recently amounted to as much as 17% among all multiple primary neoplasms and this organ is a very common site. The paper describes a clinical case confirming the need for a thorough diagnosis of multiple primary colon cancer, by applying radiation techniques to further define treatment policies.
Forcing vine regrowth: a new technique to delay grape ripening until a cooler period
Authors: Martínez de Toda Fernando
Published: July 2020

One of the most important climate change-related effects on wine grapes is the advance in harvest period. A strategy to counteract this effect consists in postponing berry ripening until the conditions are cooler. A technique for forcing vine regrowth to delay grape ripening by more than two months was studied. Forced vines produced smaller berries with lower pH and higher acidity and anthocyanin concentration than non-forced vines.
The “pied de cuve” as an alternative way to manage indigenous fermentation: impact on the fermentative process and Saccharomyces cerevisiae diversity
Authors: Börlin Marine , Miot-Sertier Cécile , Vinsonneau Emmanuel , Becquet Stéphane , Salin Franck , Bely Marina , Lucas Patrick , Albertin Warren , Legras Jean-Luc , Masneuf-Pomarède Isabelle
Published: July 2020

Winemakers are increasingly keen to limit the use of commercial yeasts in order to reduce oenological inputs. The preparation of an indigenous winery-made fermentation starter from grapes called ‘pied de cuve’ (PdC) is becoming popular, especially in organic farming systems. However, the implementation of the PdC method is still empirical and knowledge is lacking regarding the impact of PdC on S. cerevisiae diversity during alcoholic fermentation. In this study, the impact of PdC on S. cerevisiae genetic diversity and wine composition was evaluated at an industrial scale. Despite very low initial population level of S. cerevisiae before inoculation, the use of PdC was as efficient as Active Dry Yeast in terms of fermentation kinetics and chemical analyses on the resulting wines, except for one modality. At mid-fermentation, the diversity of S. cerevisiae strains was different depending on the PdC used, and was also different from that in the spontaneous fermentation with, in some cases, clonal expansion. Our results provide evidence that the use of PdC could secure the fermentation process more efficiently than spontaneous fermentation.
Les méthodes d’appréciation du bien-être des animaux d’élevage
Authors: VEISSIER I. , SARIGNAC C. , CAPDEVILLE J.
Published: July 2020

La protection des animaux d’élevage devient une demande sociale prioritaire. Pour y répondre, il est nécessaire de disposer d’outils d’appréciation du bien-être animal. Bien que le bien-être renvoie directement à la perception que l’animal a de sa situation, il est possible de le mesurer objectivement. Pour cela, plusieurs approches sont possibles. En premier lieu, l’ergonomie, qui consiste à considérer l’animal comme un acteur devant réaliser des tâches, permet d’obtenir des renseignements sur les besoins des animaux. Cette approche doit être complétée par la mesure des préférences, qui consiste à proposer des choix aux animaux. Ces mesures permettent d’obtenir le "point de vue de l’animal". Enfin, dans les comparaisons de situations, l’animal est alors placé dans un environnement déterminé et on estime l’inconfort qu’il peut en percevoir. Ces comparaisons doivent reposer sur des critères sanitaires, zootechniques, physiologiques et comportementaux.
Réforme et renouvellement dans les grands troupeaux laitiers caprins de l’Ouest de la France
Authors: MALHER X. , BEAUDEAU F. , POUPIN B. , FALAISE G. , LOSDAT J.
Published: July 2020

Les pratiques de réforme et de renouvellement, ainsi que les paramètres économiques nécessaires à leur caractérisation, ont été étudiés pendant deux campagnes successives dans 20 troupeaux laitiers de 100 à 520 chèvres de l’Ouest de la France. La description de ces pratiques a porté sur le niveau des flux entrants et sortants et sur leurs caractéristiques à l’échelle du troupeau à chaque campagne. Elle a mis en évidence une grande diversité des situations parmi les élevages, mais également à l’intérieur de ceux-ci d’une année sur l’autre. En terme de réforme, la place relative des motifs de réforme est également très variée, en particulier les proportions respectives de réforme pour troubles de la santé et pour production insuffisante. Si le coût du renouvellement dépend du sens et de l’importance de la variation d’effectif du troupeau recherché conjoncturellement, il dépend également de l’efficacité technico-économique de l’activité d’élevage du pré-troupeau. Celle-ci a été mesurée par le coût de revient de la chevrette de remplacement dont le montant a varié, selon les troupeaux, entre 450 F et 1050 F pour une valeur médiane de 750 F. L’utilisation des descripteurs techniques et économiques des pratiques est recommandée pour compléter les bilans et les programmes d’action mis en œuvre à l’échelle du troupeau dans les grands élevages caprins laitiers.
Sous-nutrition, reproduction et système nerveux central chez les mammifères : rôle de la leptine
Authors: CHEMINEAU P. , BLANC M. , CARATY A. , BRUNEAU G. , MONGET P.
Published: July 2020

La relation entre la quantité de réserves adipeuses et la reproduction est connue depuis longtemps, mais le moyen par lequel les animaux sont capables d’estimer leur propre contenu en lipides corporels n’est connu que depuis peu. La leptine, une hormone principalement synthétisée et sécrétée par le tissu adipeux, identifiée en 1994, joue en grande partie ce rôle. Cette hormone agit sur des récepteurs spécifiques, présents dans de nombreux tissus. Chez les rongeurs, la leptine est impliquée dans la régulation centrale de l’ingestion alimentaire, de l’équilibre énergétique, de la thermorégulation, de l’activité reproductrice ainsi que dans la régulation de l’angiogenèse et des processus de cicatrisation.
Pour la régulation de l’activité des neurones à LHRH (Luteinising Hormone-Releasing Hormone, le décapeptide hypothalamique qui contrôle la synthèse et la libération de LH et de FSH dans l’hypohyse), la leptine agit au niveau hypothalamique, sur la forme longue du récepteur. Son action, indirecte, passerait très probablement par des neuromédiateurs tels que le neuropeptide Y (NPY), la pro-opiomélanocortine (POMC), la sérotonine ou la galanine. Des récepteurs à la leptine se rencontrent également dans l’hypophyse, les gonades et le placenta. Chez les ruminants, la leptine et ses récepteurs n’ont été identifiés et clonés que récemment ; leurs rôles sont en cours de détermination.
La leptine chez le ruminant. Facteurs de variation physiologiques et nutritionnels
Authors: CHILLIARD Y. , BOCQUIER F. , DELAVAUD C. , FAULCONNIER Y. , BONNET M. , GUERRE-MILLO M. , MARTIN P.
Published: July 2020

La leptine est une hormone produite principalement par le tissu adipeux. Un de ses rôles essentiels est d’informer l’organisme sur le niveau de ses réserves lipidiques. Le gène spécifiant la leptine est exprimé dans différents tissus adipeux chez les bovins et ovins. Les résultats récents sur les concentrations plasmatiques de leptine et/ou d’ARN messager de cette hormone dans le tissu adipeux montrent des effets positifs de l’adiposité corporelle et du niveau alimentaire, et un effet bêta-adrénergique négatif chez les bovins. Chez les ovins, on observe des effets similaires de l’adiposité et du niveau alimentaire, ainsi qu’un effet positif de la durée quotidienne d’éclairement. Par ailleurs, la production de leptine est stimulée in vitro par les glucocorticoïdes et l’insuline, dont les effets sont inhibés par l’hormone de croissance. Le progrès des connaissances sur la leptine permettra de mieux comprendre et maîtriser les adaptations du métabolisme énergétique et de l’activité reproductrice des ruminants aux variations saisonnières de la durée d’éclairement et des disponibilités alimentaires, ainsi que les variations de l’adiposité des carcasses chez les ruminants en croissance.
La stéatose hépatique des palmipèdes gavés : bases métaboliques et sensibilité génétique
Authors: HERMIER D. , SALICHON M.R. , GUY G. , PERESSON R. , MOUROT J. , LAGARRIGUE S.
Published: July 2020

Chez les Palmipèdes, l’induction contrôlée d’une stéatose hépatique par gavage permet la production de foie gras. Or, la réponse métabolique au gavage est très variable et dépend, entre autres facteurs, de l’espèce ou de la race, ce qui laisse supposer un déterminisme génétique. Après une revue prenant en compte les éléments les plus récents disponibles sur la stéatose de gavage et son mécanisme, cet article décrit les études menées sur les oies Landaises (très sensibles à la stéatose hépatique) et sur les oies Polonaises (partiellement résistantes). Avant gavage, il existe très peu de différence dans le métabolisme lipidique entre les deux races. En revanche, durant un gavage à ingéré égal d’aliment, les oies Polonaises réagissent par une exportation plus efficace, sous forme de lipoprotéines, de leurs triglycérides hépatiques, mais aussi des phospholipides et des acides gras polyinsaturés qui leurs sont associés. Ainsi, comparées aux oies Landaises, elles montrent un engraissement périphérique plus important. Les oies Landaises associent une lipogenèse hépatique plus intense à une meilleure rétention des triglycérides et, probablement, de la phosphatidylcholine et des acides gras polyinsaturés, ce qui permet l’hypertrophie cellulaire par synthèse membranaire, et donc se traduit par une stéatose hépatique plus importante.
La lipogenèse chez le lapin. Importance pour le contrôle de la teneur en lipides de la viande
Authors: GONDRET F.
Published: July 2020

La teneur en lipides d’un tissu est la résultante de plusieurs flux métaboliques (dépôt, synthèse, utilisation). Cet article présente les principales caractéristiques de la synthèse des lipides chez le lapin, dans le muscle comparativement aux tissus adipeux visibles et au foie. Le potentiel de synthèse de novo exprimé par le muscle augmente avec l’âge de l’animal, en parallèle à l’accumulation des triglycérides dans les adipocytes intramusculaires. L’activité des enzymes qui fournissent le NADPH nécessaire à la synthèse des acides gras est réduite si l’animal est soumis à une restriction alimentaire en fin d’engraissement, et ceci en parallèle avec une baisse de la teneur en lipides des muscles. A valeur énergétique égale, la nature des acides gras présents dans le régime alimentaire est sans incidence sur l’activité des enzymes de la lipogenèse, mais peut moduler la quantité et la nature des lipides intramusculaires. Des études ultérieures devront être conduites pour évaluer l’importance respective des différentes voies métaboliques dans la détermination de la teneur finale en lipides des muscles.
Digestibilité et valeur énergétique des ensilages de maïs : le point sur les méthodes de prévision au laboratoire
Authors: ANDRIEU J. , BARRIÈRE Y. , DEMARQUILLY C.
Published: July 2020

Ce texte a pour objectif de faire le point sur les méthodes actuellement disponibles en France pour évaluer au laboratoire la qualité nutritionnelle du maïs fourrage, tant sur le plan du rationnement que sur celui de la sélection. Pour évaluer, dans le cadre du rationnement, la valeur énergétique de la plante entière, les équations proposées à Nantes en 1996 par l’INRA-Theix et faisant intervenir la digestibilité enzymatique de la plante entière et sa teneur en matières azotées, sont les plus performantes actuellement, mais n’expliquent que 50 % de la variation totale de la digestibilité "in vivo" de la plante entière. La relation très étroite entre la digestibilité"in vivo" de la plante entière et sa teneur en parois indigestibles met en lumière l’importance de la qualité des parois dont l’évaluation au laboratoire, à partir de plusieurs critères (DINAG et DEPAR), est décrite. Moins précis que la digestibilité enzymatique de la plante entière pour prévoir sa digestibilité, ces nouveaux critères sont par contre intéressants notamment en sélection pour caractériser la qualité nutritionnelle des parois. Par ailleurs leur intérêt pour évaluer l’ingestibilité de l’ensilage de maïs est en cours d’étude à l’INRA.
Maîtrise de l’activité ovarienne chez la jument
Authors: BRIANT C.
Published: July 2020

Cet article fait partie du dossierActualités en reproduction équine
Endocrinologie de l’étalon
Authors: VIDAMENT M.
Published: July 2020

Cet article fait partie du dossierActualités en reproduction équine
A TRANSFORMAÇÃO DA PRÁTICA JUDICIÁRIA COM A IMPLANTAÇÃO DO PROCESSO ELETRÔNICO
Authors: Lopes Ribeiro Graziele , Pereira Wanderley Kauã
Published: July 2020

O congestionamento de processos sobrecarrega o Poder Judiciário brasileiro e interfere diretamente na qualidade e eficiência da prestação jurisdicional à sociedade. Diante deste cenário, surgiu uma ferramenta tecnológica cujo objetivo é a celeridade processual. A digitalizaram dos processos e migração para o sistema e-proc minimizaram o congestionamento judicial. O Tocantins foi o primeiro estado brasileiro a ter 100% dos processos digitalizados e desde então a taxa de congestionamento tem diminuído e a de produtividade aumentado. O presente trabalho pretende verificar se a ferramenta do e-proc propicia a celeridade processual e eficiência na prática de prestação de serviços aos cidadãos e na prática judiciária para os operadores do Direito no Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Tocantins, através da análise comparativa do sistema e-proc nas varas criminais do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Tocantins (TJTO) no período de 2011 a 2016. O caminho metodológico consistiu numa pesquisa documental com analise de relatórios de gestão do Tribunal de Justiça do Tocantins. Concluiu-se que, houve uma diminuição na taxa de congestionamento de processos após a implantação de e-proc e diversas outras vantagens que acarretam na melhoria da prestação jurisdicional.
Metabolic Pathways Underpinning Lymphocyte Differentiation and Responses in Health and Disease
Authors: Bystrom Jonas , Taher Taher E. , Mageed Rizgar A.
Published: July 2020

Lymphocytes mount protective immunity from infectious pathogens and from cancer. Their engagement by target antigens prompt activation, differentiation to effector cells and proliferation. These responses require energy that is generated by cellular metabolic processes, such as glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm while oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria. Energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate is generated from the uptake of glucose, amino acids and free fatty acids. Important recent evidence indicates that naïve and activated lymphocytes and functionally distinct subsets preferentially use different metabolic pathways for their energy needs. Thus, effector Th17 cells primarily use glycolysis to generate energy required for their activities. Memory T and B cells and regulatory T cells, in contrast, rely on mitochondrial metabolism for their energy requirements. Naïve T and B are in a quiescent state with small mitochondria. Extrinsic factors such as oxygen tension and intrinsic substrates can also influence the choice of metabolic pathways and functional flexibility. Studies of lymphocytes in disease states reveal alterations to choices of metabolic pathways from those in lymphocytes in healthy individuals. This article provides an overview of metabolic pathways required for energy generation during homeostasis and those induced during cellular differentiation and responses. Furthermore, we explore available evidence for altered metabolic pathway induction in some autoimmune diseases. A focus of the overview will be on helper T lymphocytes involved in chronic inflammation and those that regulate the immune response. The report alludes to the potential that targeting metabolic pathways could provide a strategy for the treatment of chronic diseases.
Skeletal Muscle Metastases from Carcinomas
Authors: Pretell-Mazzini Juan , Younis Manaf H. , Subhawong Ty
Published: July 2020

» Bones are a common site for metastases; however, muscle metastases recently have been more commonly reported, not only as a result of the multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of these patients but also because of more sensitive imaging modalities such as positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) that identify these lesions in early stages.

» The most common carcinoma is lung carcinoma, with a hematogenous route of spread mainly to the axial region of the body (the psoas muscle, the gluteal muscles, and the paravertebral muscles).

» Clinically, skeletal muscle metastases from carcinomas frequently present as painful palpable masses with or without swelling and are commonly found before diagnosis of the primary carcinoma.

» Multiple imaging modalities, including radiographs, CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and PET-CT, have been used for diagnosis and staging, but tissue sampling is needed for a final diagnosis. The most important differential diagnosis of skeletal muscle metastases is with soft-tissue sarcomas.

» Treatment is mainly based on chemotherapy and/or radiation; surgery is performed in cases of symptomatic lesions that fail to respond to nonoperative treatment.
Colores urbanos: Mariposas (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) de Bogotá Región (Colombia)
Authors: Duran prieto Juliana , Molina Fonseca Astrid Gissell
Published: July 2020

En el mundo las áreas urbanas están en continua expansión, generando paisajes fragmentados a nivel local y regional, los cuales configuran territorios heterogéneos con áreas naturales remanentes y espacios verdes diseñados. Los inventarios de biodiversidad en las ciudades han sido propuestos como una herramienta útil para evaluar el estado de su biodiversidad y para el diseño de estrategias de conservación de la fauna y flora en estos ambientes. Las mariposas han sido uno de los grupos taxonómicos más usados en los inventarios de biodiversidad urbana. En este estudio se realizó un inventario de las mariposas presentes en ocho áreas verdes de importancia socio-ambiental para la ciudad de Bogotá y su región (Colombia). Se encontraron 45 especies pertenecientes a cuatro familias, Nymphalidae, Pieridae, Lycaenidae y Hesperiidae. La mayor riqueza en el continuo ciudad-región la aportó la familia Nymphalidae con 23 especies, de las cuales la mayoría son pronophilinos propios de los ecosistemas altoandinos suramericanos. Las especies Colias dimera Boisduval, 1836, Dione glycera (C. & R. Felder, 1861) y Vanessa virginiensis (Drury, [1773]) fueron las mariposas con más amplia distribución. Se plantea que la urbanización como factor modelador del paisaje urbano-regional está afectando la riqueza y distribución de mariposas de Bogotá-Región.
Reexamen de la morfología y primeras imágenes de los holotipos de Cryptops nautiphilus y C. orizaba (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha, Cryptopidae)
Authors: Cupul Magana Fabio Germán
Published: July 2020

En 1939 y 1943, R.V. Chamberlin erigió a Cryptops nautiphilus y Cryptops orizaba, respectivamente, a partir de especímenes recolectados en México. Chamberlin no proporcionó ilustraciones. En este trabajo, se presentan las primeras imágenes de las especies y se describen algunas características morfológicas con base en la revisión de los holotipos depositados en la Colección Entomológica del National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) del Smithsonian Institution en Washington, D.C.
Karakterisasi Kuantitatif Diosgenin dengan Spetrofotometri UV-Vis pada Koleksi Umbi Dioscorea spp. di Indonesia
Authors: Haryati Titin , Dwiatmini Kristina , Diantina Surya , Koswanudin Dodin , Yuniawati Rafika , Priyatno Tri P.
Published: July 2020

Dioscorea spp. merupakan tanaman umbi-umbian yang termasuk dalam kategori pangan fungsional karena mengandung senyawa bioaktif, di antaranya ialah diosgenin. Senyawa ini merupakan senyawa golongan steroid saponin digunakan sebagai bahan baku dalam sintesis obat golongan steroid. Sumber utama senyawa diosgenin adalah Dioscorea spp. Indonesia sebagai salah satu center of origin Dioscorea berpeluang untuk menjadi produsen diosgenin dunia karena mempunyai beragam plasma nutfah Dioscorea. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dikaji potensi diosgenin dari Dioscorea spp. lokal Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan karakterisasi kuantitatif senyawa diosgenin menggunakan metode spektrofotometri Ultra Violet-Visible (UV-Vis) pada 26 aksesi Dioscorea spp. lokal Indonesia, terdiri atas 10 aksesi D. alata, 7 aksesi D. esculenta, dan 9 aksesi D. hispida. Validasi metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis ditentukan berdasarkan nilai korelasi linear, LOD, dan LOQ. Ekstraksi diosgenin dilakukan dengan refluks dan
hidrolisis pada saat yang bersamaan dengan pelarut isopropanol 70% dan H2SO4 20%. Metode UV-Vis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini cukup sensitif dan akurat dengan nilai korelasi linear 0,996, LOD 2,604 μg, dan LOQ 7,890 μg. Kandungan diosgenin tertinggi diperoleh dari aksesi D. hispida dengan kode II sebesar 0,294%. D. hispida dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai kandidat sumber potensial senyawa diosgenin.