bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In silico Identification of Novel SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease and Nonstructural
Protein 13 (nsp13) Inhibitors through Consensus Docking and
Free Binding Energy Calculations
Authors: Mateev Emilio , Georgieva Maya , Zlatkov Alexander
Published: August 2022

Background:

A new strain of a novel disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been recently declared a pandemic by the World Health
Organization (WHO). The virus results in significant mortality and morbidity across the planet;
therefore, novel treatments are urgently required. Recently deposited crystallographic structures of
SARS-CoV-2 proteins have ignited the interest in virtual screenings of large databases.

Objective:

In the current study, we evaluated the inhibitory capacity of the IMPPAT phytochemical
database (8500 compounds) and the SuperDRUG2 dataset (4000 compounds) in SARS-CoV-2
main protease and helicase Nsp13 through consensus-based docking simulations.

Methods:

Glide and GOLD 5.3 were implemented in the in silico process. Further MM/GBSA calculations
of the top 10 inhibitors in each protein were carried out to investigate the binding free energy
of the complexes. An analysis of the major ligand-protein interactions was also conducted.

Results:

After the docking simulations, we acquired 10 prominent phytochemicals and 10 FDAapproved
drugs capable of inhibiting Nsp5 and Nsp13. Delphinidin 3,5,3'-triglucoside and hirsutidin
3-O-(6-O-p-coumaroyl)glucoside demonstrated the most favorable binding free energies
against Nsp5 and Nsp13, respectively.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the analysis of the results identified that the phytochemicals demonstrated
enhanced binding capacities compared to the FDA-approved database.
Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of Highland
Barley Monascus purpureus Went: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Zhu Mei-Ning , Wu Guang , Chen Jie , Qiu Yong-Wei , Zhu Cai-Qing , Wu Yong-Zhong , Ma Qin-Ge , Zhong Guo-Yue , Wei Rong-Rui
Published: August 2022

Background:

Highland barley Monascus purpureus Went, a traditional Tibetan medicine
with food functions, which is fermented by Monascus purpureus with highland barley as substrate.
It possesses various medical functions of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,
invigorating spleen and promoting digestion in folk of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. This review
provides a comprehensive overview of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacology
of highland barley Monascus purpureus Went.

Methods:

The references of highland barley Monascus purpureus Went were retrieved from the
online database, such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, SciFinder, PubMed, SpringLink, Elsevier,
Willy, CNKI, and so on.

Results:

Phytochemical research revealed that highland barley Monascus purpureus Went contained
multiple chemical components, including Monascus pigments, monacolins, lactones, and other
compounds. The reported pharmacological activities of highland barley Monascus purpureus Went
included hypolipidemic, anti-nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and hepatoprotective activities.

Conclusions:

In a word, botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of highland
barley Monascus purpureus Went were reviewed comprehensively in this paper. In the future, highland
barley Monascus purpureus Went needs further study, such as paying more attention to quality
control and utilization of medicine. Therefore, this review may provide a theoretical basis and valuable
data for future studies and exploitations on highland barley Monascus purpureus Went.
Impact of Physiotherapy on Functional Status and Length of Stay of
Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Mahadevan Renukadevi , Mahesh Amrutha Hosakote , Krishnarao Chaya Sindaghatta
Published: August 2022

Background:

Early mobilization of patients with critical illness reduces the consequences of extended periods of bed rest and improves self-care functions and quality of life. Early mobilization for mechanically ventilated patients in any ICU prevents patients from a spiral of progressive
complications, leading to either nursing home placement or persistent critical illness. Early mobilization of ICU patients has been associated with improved muscle strength and functional independence, a shorter duration of delirium, mechanical ventilation, and ICU length of stay.

Objective:

This study was undertaken to assess the impact of physiotherapy management and early
mobilization on Functional Status and Length of Stay in patients admitted to the Intensive Care
Unit.

Methods:

An observational study was conducted at a tertiary care university teaching hospital in
Mysore, South India, among patients admitted to medical and surgical intensive care units. The patients were assessed, and the patient’s baseline characteristics were recorded. The study subjects
were divided into two groups, the intervention and the control groups. There were 71 patients in the
intervention group and 67 patients control group. Subjects in the intervention group underwent
physiotherapy management and early mobilization. Subjects in the control group did not undergo
physiotherapy management and early mobilization. Physiotherapy intervention was given 2-3
times/day, and the outcome measures were the length of stay in ICU and assessment of physical
morbidity using the Chelsea Critical Care Physical Assessment Tool (CPAx).

Results:

The results showed that subjects in the intervention group were weaned from the ventilator
support (3.86±3.4 and 5.59±4.3, p = 0.005) and oxygen support (5.23±0.99 and 7.48±2.0, p = 0.000)
much earlier than the subjects in the control group. The length of ICU stay was significantly less in
the intervention group than in the control group (7.71±3.70 days and 11.64±4.8 days with a p-value,
p = 0.000). respectively

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated that implementation of physiotherapy intervention and early
mobilization in critically ill patients undergoing treatment in intensive care unit resulted in early
weaning from ventilator support and supplemental oxygen therapy, with improvement in functional
status leading to reduced length of ICU stays compared to the patients who were not given physiotherapy intervention and early mobilization.
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy and COVID-19: A Case Report and Literature
Review
Authors: Carrizales-Sepúlveda Edgar Francisco , Flores-Ramírez Ramiro , José Solís Gabriel , Vera-Pineda Raymundo , Morales-Rendón Eliu Jefte , de Jesús Ortiz-Corona José
Published: August 2022

Bckground:

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is characterized by transient regional ventricular abnormalities in the absence of coronary artery disease and is reported as a complication of COVID-19.

Case Representation:

It can have a diverse clinical presentation, occasionally resembling an acute coronary syndrome, and progress to acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock with an adverse effect on patients' prognosis. A high index of suspicion and a thorough diagnostic approach supported by ancillary studies like echocardiography and coronary angiography is key for an accurate diagnosis and correct medical treatment. Herein, we report a patient with severe COVID-19 who developed Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.

Conclusion:

We also present a detailed review of the available literature regarding the relationship between COVID-19 and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.
Current Trends, Advances, and Challenges of Tissue Engineering-Based
Approaches of Tooth Regeneration: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Hazrati Parham , Mirtaleb Mohammad Hassan , Boroojeni Helia Sadat Haeri , Koma Amir Ali Yousefi , Nokhbatolfoghahaei Hanieh
Published: August 2022

Introduction:

Tooth loss is a significant health issue. Currently, this situation is often treated
with the use of synthetic materials such as implants and prostheses. However, these treatment modalities
do not fully meet patients' biological and mechanical needs and have limited longevity. Regenerative
medicine focuses on the restoration of patients' natural tissues via tissue engineering techniques instead of
rehabilitating with artificial appliances. Therefore, a tissue-engineered tooth regeneration strategy seems
like a promising option to treat tooth loss.

Objective:

This review aims to demonstrate recent advances in tooth regeneration strategies and discoveries
about underlying mechanisms and pathways of tooth formation

Results and Discussion:

Whole tooth regeneration, tooth root formation, and dentin-pulp organoid generation
have been achieved by using different seed cells and various materials for scaffold production. Bioactive
agents are critical elements for the induction of cells into odontoblast or ameloblast lineage. Some
substantial pathways enrolled in tooth development have been figured out, helping researchers design
their experiments more effectively and aligned with the natural process of tooth formation.

Conclusion:

According to current knowledge, tooth regeneration is possible in case of proper selection of
stem cells, appropriate design and manufacturing of a biocompatible scaffold, and meticulous application
of bioactive agents for odontogenic induction. Understanding innate odontogenesis pathways play a crucial
role in accurately planning regenerative therapeutic interventions in order to reproduce teeth.
Protective Effect of Crocin on Cadmium Induced-Overexpression of Matrix
Metalloproteinases (MMPs) Gene Family in Rat Liver
Authors: Heiat Mohammad , Varnamkhasti Farzaneh Amourizi , Heydari Seyede Fatemeh , Safari Newsha , Cheraghi Nilufar , Sohrabi Ehsan , Torabi Raheleh
Published: August 2022

Background:

Metal pollutants such as Cadmium are known as carcinogenic agents and correlated with metastatic potential and tumor aggressiveness. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are taken into account as the focal points of metastasis. Crocin, a carotenoid chemical compound in Saffron, has been proved to have anti-cancerous properties. However, there is no reliable evidence yet to prove its anti-metastatic activity.

Objective:

The evaluation of the protective effect of Crocin against Cadmium through monitoring the expression of MMP genes.

Materials and Methods:

The in-silico analysis based on the GEO database was done for purposefully choosing MMPs. At the wet lab step, after 8 weeks of treatment of the animal (40 female Wistar rats divided into four groups of 10) with Cadmium, Crocin, complex (Cadmium+Crocin) and placebo (control), RNA extraction followed by cDNA synthesizing was done from rats’ liver tissues. Using primers for MMP genes (MMP-1, 3, 7, 12 and 13), the relative fold change of gene expression was studied. Ultimately, the statistical analysis determined the difference in gene expression between groups.

Results:

Cadmium significantly upregulated the selected MMP genes in comparison with controls. In contrast, Crocin significantly downregulated the expression of all studied MMP genes. Complex administration of Cadmium and Crocin displayed a controlled increase of expression in all MMPs except MMP-1, which was lower than the Cadmium group.

Conclusion:

These results indicated that the elevation of MMPs expression level by Cadmium was significantly suppressed by Crocin. This could promisingly demonstrate that Crocin possesses a modulating role in inhibiting overexpression of MMPs that might be considered as the anti-metastatic agent.
Fabrication and Applications of Polymeric Nanoparticles for Herbal Drug Delivery and Targeting
Authors: Shree Dipthi , Patra Chinam N. , Sahoo Biswa M.
Published: August 2022

Background and objective:

In the pharmaceutical era, nanoscience and nanotechnology have been revolutionary as substantial and scientific growth with the development of several innovative nanocarriers to amplify the therapeutic worth. In particular, the invention of nanomedicine is impetuous to developing nanocarriers, enabling the phytoconstituents to encapsulate within the smart carrier to boost nanotherapeutics. Thus, herbal drugs molded-in novel nanocarriers have been extensively investigated as they are the most promising drug delivery system. Herbal-based polymeric nanoparticles are the most prominent and emerging polymeric nanocarrier that have gained much research attention in the field of novel drug delivery systems.

Methods:

In herbal drug delivery technologies, the advancement of phytopharmacological science has led to the elucidation of the composition of phytoconstituents and their biological activities. By fabricating herbal medicaments in nano-size-form, there are considerable chances to circumvent poor bioavailability, in vivo degradation and toxicity, uneven drug distribution, intestinal absorption, and non-specific site of action. The combinatorial strategy of employing both herbal drugs and nanotechnology enables potentiation of the therapeutics, reducing the required dose and unwanted toxic effects. The herbal nanosystem has the potential to convey the active constituents in a controlled manner to the targeted site with greater therapeutic value compared to the conventional system. In this current manuscript, sterling efforts were made to gather information from the existing original research papers using databases viz., Google Scholar, Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, Baidu, Web of Science, etc. Furthermore, painstaking efforts were made to compile and update potential pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical applications of herbal-based polymeric nanoparticles in the form of tables. This article portrays a comprehensive recent finding that formulation scientists are working on novel herbal nanocarriers to pave the way for future research in the field of pharmaceutical nanotechnology.

Conclusion:

The herbal extracts encapsulated within the nanocapsule or nanosphere are an effective and emerging way for the herbal drug delivery to the intended site of action with pronounced therapeutic worth. Therefore, extensive scientific research is still being carried out in the field of herbal drug technology, which offers several positive aspects to impart the phytoconstituents to the intended sites and is a considerably promising herbal drug delivery system for controlled drug delivery and targeting.
Decentralized Wind Power Forecasting Method Based on Informer
Authors: Li Wei , Yan Yuting , Su Shi , Bai Hao , Yang Yang , Pan Shuhui , Yuan Zhiyong , Chen Jun , Zhao Qindao
Published: August 2022

Background:

Improving the accuracy of decentralized wind power forecasting has become an important means to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Traditional
prediction methods cannot meet the requirements of precise wind power prediction for long time
series

Methods:

A decentralized wind power prediction model based on Informer is established. Introducing the model's sparse self-attention mechanism, self-attention distillation mechanism and The
generative decoder model realizes the long-term sequence power prediction of decentralized wind
power.

Results:

The results of the proposed model are analyzed by comparing it with traditional neural
network models such as LSTM and feed-forward neural networks. The root mean square error
(RMSE) can be reduced by up to 6.3%

Conclusion:

It is proved that the Informer model prediction has a lower prediction error and performs better in long-term sequence power pre-tasks.
Competências no âmbito da práxis informacional do século XXI: modelo teórico propositivo
Authors: Dufloth Simone Cristina , Nassif Monica Erichsen
Published: August 2022

The article presents a propositional theoretical model for information skills in the context of the 21st century. From the historical evolution and main theoretical foundations, evidences of convergence of the areas of librarianship, information science and information and communication technologies are investigated that allow the establishment of a theoretical model capable of representing the intersections between information, digital, managerial and by professional specialty. The research is characterized as qualitative, based on bibliographical and documentary research. The model reveals that information skills have a central role, linked to digital skills, highlighting the importance of mastering these skills in the current context.
mHealth Physical Activity Intervention for Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury: Planning and Development Processes
Authors: Lawrason Sarah Victoria Clewes , Brown-Ganzert Lynda , Campeau Lysa , MacInnes Megan , Wilkins C J , Martin Ginis Kathleen Anne
Published: August 2022

Background

Interventions to support physical activity participation among individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) are required given this population’s low levels of physical activity and extensive barriers to quality physical activity experiences.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a mobile health intervention, called SCI Step Together, to improve the quantity and quality of physical activity among individuals with SCI who walk.

Methods

Our overarching methodological framework was the Person-Based approach. This included the following 4 steps: conduct primary and secondary research (step 1); design intervention objectives and features (step 2a); conduct behavioral analysis and theory (step 2b); create a logic model (step 3); and complete the SCI Step Together program content and integrated knowledge translation (IKT; step 4), which occurred throughout development. The partnership approach was informed by the SCI IKT Guiding Principles. Three end users pilot-tested the app and participated in the interviews.

Results

Step 1 identified issues to be addressed when designing intervention objectives and features (step 2a) and features were mapped onto the Behavior Change Wheel (step 2b) to determine the behavior change techniques (eg, action planning) to be included in the app. The logic model linked the mechanisms of action to self-determination theory (steps 2/3). Interviews with end users generated recommendations for the technology (eg, comparing physical activity levels with guidelines), trial (eg, emailing participants’ worksheets), and intervention content (eg, removing graded tasks; step 4).

Conclusions

Using the SCI IKT Guiding Principles to guide partner engagement and involvement ensured that design partners had shared decision-making power in intervention development. Equal decision-making power maximizes the meaningfulness of the app for end users. Future research will include testing the acceptability, feasibility, and engagement of the program. Partners will be involved throughout the research process.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05063617; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05063617
Designing Studies to Inform Tobacco Harm Reduction: Learnings From an Oral Nicotine Pouch Actual Use Pilot Study
Authors: Campbell Chris , Feehan Michael , Kanitscheider Claudia , Makena Patrudu S , Cai Jenny , Baxter Sarah A
Published: August 2022

Background

Introduction of new tobacco products in the United States, including those that may be lower on the risk continuum than traditional combustible cigarettes, requires premarket authorization by the US Food and Drug Administration and information on the potential impact of the products on consumer behaviors. Efficient recruitment and data capture processes are needed to collect relevant information in a near-to-real-world environment.

Objective

The aim of this pilot study was to develop and test a protocol for an actual use study of a new tobacco product. The product included in this study was a commercially available oral nicotine pouch. Through the process of study design and execution, learnings were garnered to inform the design, execution, analysis, and report writing of future full-scale actual use studies with tobacco products.

Methods

A small sample (n=100) of healthy adult daily smokers of 7 or more cigarettes per day were recruited to participate in an 8-week prospective observational study conducted at 4 geographically dispersed sites in the United States. A smartphone-based customized electronic diary (eDiary) was employed to capture daily tobacco product use, including 1 week of baseline smoking and 6 weeks during which participants were provided with oral nicotine pouches for use as desired.

Results

Online screening procedures with follow-up telephone interviews and on-site enrollment were successfully implemented. Of 100 participants, 97 completed the study, with more than half (59/99, 60%) identifying as dual- or poly-users of cigarettes and other types of tobacco products at baseline. There was more than 90% (91-93/99, 92%-94%) compliance with daily eDiary reporting, and the majority (92/99, 93%) of participants expressed satisfaction with the study processes. Product use data from the eDiary indicated that after an initial period of trial use, pouches per day increased among those continuing to use the products, while per day average cigarette consumption decreased for 82% (79/97) of all study participants. At the end of the week 6, 16% (15/97) of participants had reduced their cigarette consumption by more than half.

Conclusions

The design of this study, including recruiting, enrollment, eDiary use, and oversight, was successfully implemented through the application of a detailed protocol, a user-friendly eDiary, electronically administered questionnaires, and remote monitoring procedures. High-resolution information was obtained on prospective changes in tobacco product use patterns in the context of availability of a new tobacco product. Future, larger actual use studies will provide important evidence supporting the role that alternatives to combustible cigarettes may play in smoking reduction and/or cessation and lowering the population health burden of tobacco and nicotine-containing products.
Technology-Based Innovative Health Care Solutions for Improving Maternal and Child Health Outcomes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Rahman Md Obaidur , Yamaji Noyuri , Suzuki Daichi , Sasayama Kiriko , Yoneoka Daisuke , Ota Erika
Published: August 2022

Background

Technology-based health care interventions (TBIs) are being considered as a promising solution to effectively strengthen maternal and child health (MCH) service uptake in resource-limited settings.

Objective

This study aimed to identify the most effective TBIs that could achieve the best functional MCH outcomes in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods

A comprehensive search was performed in January 2021. In all, 2 independent researchers identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) implemented in LMICs using the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes framework: Population: healthy pregnant women; Intervention: TBIs; Comparison: usual care or non-TBIs; and Outcomes: MCH outcomes. We estimated the direct, indirect, and relative effects, with their certainty based on the Grading of Recommendations, Assessments, Development, and Evaluations approach, for a wide range of MCH outcomes.

Results

In total, 30 trials with 70,807 participants were included, and 80% had low risk of bias. Our network meta-analysis (NMA) estimates indicated that TBIs, particularly SMS text messaging or phone call with mobile voucher interventions, were likely to be effective in improving MCH outcomes. The 1-way communication intervention was likely to be the most effective for the uptake of ≥4 antenatal care visits (relative risk [RR] 1.81, 95% CI 1.33-2.45; moderate certainty), facility delivery (RR 1.45, 95% CI 1.10-1.91; moderate certainty), early breastfeeding initiation (RR 1.18, 95% CI 1.02-1.37; moderate certainty), and caesarean delivery (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.84-0.91; low certainty) outcomes; however, 2-way communication intervention was likely to be the most effective for the skilled birth attendance (RR 1.36, 95% CI 1.14-1.63; low certainty), maternal (RR 2.04, 95% CI 1.05-3.96; very low certainty) and infant’s postnatal care use (RR 1.55, 95% CI 1.19-2.04; low certainty), exclusive breastfeeding practice (RR 1.53, 95% CI 1.14-2.05; moderate certainty), and perinatal death (RR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32-0.83; low certainty) outcomes. There was no substantial inconsistency between direct and indirect evidence, but small study effects were detected in the NMA.

Conclusions

Different forms of TBIs have a possibility to improve MCH outcomes in LMICs and can be integrated into the existing health systems based on their priorities. This study suggests the implementation of large-scale, well-designed RCTs in low-income countries due to the limited number of RCTs in the NMA.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42021239185; https://tinyurl.com/yuvmp35x
Systematic Approaches for Telemedicine and Data Coordination for COVID-19 in Baja California, Mexico
Authors: Castillo Olea Jr Cristian , Vera Hernandez Sr Carlos , Mendias Alarcon Amellaly , Conte Galvan Sr Roberto
Published: August 2022

Background

In 2019, the State of Baja California had a total population of 3,682,063 inhabitants; in the city of Tijuana, there were only 13 Red Cross ambulances and 1 fire department ambulance to attend to the prehospital emergencies of almost 2 million inhabitants.

Objective

This study aimed to provide information to the public; evaluate COVID-19 in real time; and track regional, municipal, and state-wide data in real time that inform supply chains and resource allocation with the anticipation of a surge in COVID-19 cases.

Methods

Our model is based on human-centric design factors and cross-disciplinary collaborations for the scalable, data-driven enablement of smartphone teleconsultation technologies to link hospitals, clinics, and emergency medical services for point-of-care assessments of COVID-19 testing and subsequent treatment and quarantine decisions.

Results

The Telehealth System handled 28,964 telephone calls in the period from April 1, 2020, to January 30, 2022, and accumulated 20,287 working hours. In total, 13,721 follow-up calls were made to quarantined patients, providing medical and psychological counseling, and 12,643 calls were received and transferred from the 911 system, of which 4964 calls from patients with respiratory symptoms required urgent ambulance dispatch.

Conclusions

Telehealth offers capabilities for remote detection, care, and treatment to help with supervision, surveillance, discovery, and prevention, as well as to mitigate the effects of health care indirectly related to COVID-19.
Personalized prediction of response to smartphone-delivered meditation training: A machine learning approach (Preprint)
Authors: Webb Christian , Hirshberg Matthew , Davidson Richard , Goldberg Simon
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Meditation apps have surged in popularity in recent years, with an increasing number of individuals turning to these apps to cope with stress, including during the COVID-19 pandemic. In fact, meditation apps now represent the most commonly used mental health apps for depression and anxiety. However, little is known regarding who is well-suited to these apps.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to develop and test a data-driven algorithm to predict which individuals are most likely to benefit from app-based meditation training.

METHODS

Using randomized controlled trial data comparing a 4-week meditation app (Healthy Minds Program; HMP) with an assessment-only control condition in school system employees (n = 662), we developed an algorithm predicting who is most likely to benefit from HMP. Baseline clinical and demographic characteristics were submitted to a machine learning model to develop a “Personalized Advantage Index” (PAI) reflecting an individual’s expected reduction in distress (primary outcome) from HMP vs. control.

RESULTS

A significant Group x PAI interaction emerged, indicating that PAI scores moderated group differences in outcome. A regression model including repetitive negative thinking as the sole baseline predictor performed comparably well. Finally, we demonstrate the translation of a predictive model to personalized recommendations of expected benefit.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, results reveal the potential of a data-driven algorithm to inform which individuals are most likely to benefit from a meditation app. Such an algorithm could be used to objectively communicate expected benefits to individuals, allowing them to make well-informed decisions about whether a meditation app is right for them.

CLINICALTRIAL

clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04426318)
Investigations on diesel engine characteristics using waste biomass Pyrolysis oil: A study on the effect of compression ratio
Authors: MarshalS Joseph John , Rajamohan Sakthivel , Gnanasundari Kondru , Kumar Gomathi , Sharon Mary Goldena
Published: August 2022

This work is focussed at studying the compression ratio (CR) effect on the operating characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with  diesel (80%) and pyrolytic oil (20%) blend, derived from Bael de oiled cake at standard conditions. Engine was operated at three CR’s namely 18:1 (higher), 17.5:1 (standard) and 16:1 (lower). For the blended fuel operation at full load, the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) improved by 5% and brake specific energy consumption (BSEC) diminished by 3% as the CR increased from 17.5 to 18. At high CR, the carbon monoxide (CO) and unburnt hydrocarbon (HC) were lowered by 58.3% and 38.5% respectively for blended fuel when compared to diesel at peak load. The nitrogen oxides emission (NOx) increased by 25.7% for blended fuel at peak load and CR of 18:1. On the whole the experimental results suggest that optimum performance of the engine can be attained at CR 18:1.
Electromagnetic fields as a non-invasive alternative therapy for the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases
Authors: Vaca-González Juan Jairo , Cantillo Bermúdez Juliana I. P. , Rodríguez Sarmiento Liliana Andrea , Fonseca Velásquez Aldemar
Published: August 2022

This review article elucidates the application and viability of electromagnetic fields as therapy and rehabilitation method for the treatment of musculoskeletal pathologies. All studies were found in different databases such as Science Direct, Scielo, IEEE, ProQuest, Pubmed, among others, where the search for information contemplated a period of 5 years (2016-2020). Results evidenced that electromagnetic fields used to treat musculoskeletal conditions showed positive results and improvements in reducing chronic and acute pain in different musculoskeletal pathologies such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, nonunions, fractures, fibromyalgia, muscular system injuries, among others. It was possible to evidence that one of the most used magnetic treatments were pulsed electromagnetic fields, which have been implemented to treat joint, muscle and nervous diseases. Additionally, several devices to generate the magnetic stimulation have been designed with a therapeutic and rehabilitation approach, which elucidate the progress in the implementation and acceptance of this type of therapeutic alternatives to treat musculoskeletal conditions. Finally, magnetic stimulation has been also implemented to enhance biomaterials function, evidencing that scaffolds stimulated with electromagnetic fields improve musculoskeletal tissue regeneration.
Current-controlled grounded memristor emulator circuit based on analog multiplier
Authors: Carrasco-Aguilar Miguel Angel , Sanchez-López Carlos , Morales-López Francisco Epimenio
Published: August 2022

This paper proposes a current-controlled grounded memristor emulator circuit based on single four-quadrant analog multiplier, a resistor and a capacitor. The behavioral model of the proposed emulator circuit is analyzed, highlighting its characteristics. Experimental results are given to investigate its ability for different operating frequencies and they are in accordance with theoretical analysis and simulation results. By using a divider circuit, the memristance variation in the time domain is obtained. It is observed that the pinched hysteresis loop at high frequency loses symmetry due in part to the shift that introduces a multiplication of sinusoidal signals.
Investigating the Potential Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Intestinal Coccidian Infections
Authors: Abou-Seri Hanan Mahmoud , Abdalgaber Mohammad , Zahran Fatima
Published: August 2022

New infectious agents pose a global threat to the healthcare system, and studies are conducted to estimate their health and epidemiological outcomes in the long run. The SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has caused the COVID-19 disease, was formerly assumed to be a respiratory virus; however, it can have serious systemic effects, affecting organs such as the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Viral RNA was reported in the stool in a subset of patients, indicating another mode of transmission and diagnosis. In COVID-19, prolonged GIT symptoms, especially diarrhea, were associated with reduced diversity and richness of gut microbiota, immunological dysregulation, and delayed viral clearance. Intestinal coccidian parasites are intracellular protozoa that are most typically transmitted to humans by oocysts found in fecally contaminated food and water. Their epidemiological relevance is coupled to opportunistic infections, which cause high morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised individuals. Among immunocompetent people, intestinal coccidia is also involved in acute diarrhea, which is usually self-limiting. Evaluating the available evidence provided an opportunity to carefully consider that; the COVID-19 virus and coccidian protozoan parasites: namely, Cryptosporidium spp., Cyclospora cayetanensis, and Isospora belli, could mutually influence each other from the microbiological, clinical, diagnostic, and elimination aspects. We further systemically highlighted the possible shared pathogenesis mechanisms, transmission routes, clinical manifestations, parasite-driven immune regulation, and intestinal microbiota alteration. Finally, we showed how this might impact developing and developed countries prevention and vaccination strategies. To the best of our knowledge, there is no review that has discussed the reciprocal effect between coccidian parasites and COVID-19 coinfection.
Assessment of Methemoglobin, Hemoglobin, Ferritin and Lactate dehydrogenase in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Pawar Vaishali S. , Jain Divya Anand , Sontakke Ajit , Redkar Vivek , Pawar Satyajeet
Published: August 2022

Today world is trying to cope with the biggest pandemic caused by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The disease is graded as mild, moderate, serious and critical illness. Very few studies are done with methemoglobin along with other parameters for the assessment of the severity of COVID-19 disease. The objectives of the study were to estimate methemoglobin (Met-Hb), hemoglobin (Hb), ferritin and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in patients with COVID-19 disease and to investigate the interaction between these parameters and the severity of the disease. This observational study was conducted in three groups of COVID-19 patients- moderate, severe and critical, each group containing 30 patients, between June 2021 and September 2021 in the biochemistry department of a tertiary care hospital. For all patients, Met-Hb, Hb, ferritin, and LDH levels were estimated on the 2nd-3rd day of hospital admission. Patients in the critical group were older and had significantly high values of Met-Hb, ferritin and LDH and significantly low values of Hb (P<0.05). In multivariate ordinal regression analysis, older age (OR-3.08; 95%CI:1.19-7.19;P-0.019), higher values of LDH (OR-8.66; 95%CI:2.53-29.5; P-0.001) and ferritin (OR-3.08; 95%CI:1.09-8.7;P-0.033) were independently associated with severity of the disease. A cut-off value of 410.50 U/L for LDH predicted the severity of the disease with 90% sensitivity and 88.3% specificity. In conclusion, higher levels of LDH and ferritin were related to the severity of the disease in COVID-19 cases. Although Met-Hb showed a minimal increase without any association with severity, it may be an underlying cause of hypoxia that may go unnoticed. So, monitoring of all these parameters should be done at intervals.
Leader–member exchange and employee voice: Zhongyong thinking as a mediator
Authors: Ma Shengqing , Xuan Shanwen , Rui Mingjie
Published: August 2022

Existing research has established a link between leader–member exchange (LMX) and employee voice. However, there is still a wide scope for exploring the mechanisms of this relationship. From the perspective of traditional Chinese values, we investigated the mediating role of Zhongyong thinking in the relationship between LMX and employee voice. We conducted a field survey with 252 employees of a state-owned organization in China. Results of structural equation modeling show there was a significant and positive relationship between LMX and employee voice. Additionally, Zhongyong thinking was an important mediating mechanism. This study indicates voice behavior can be fostered by establishing a high-quality LMX relationship and cultivating Zhongyong thinking among employees. Suggestions for future research are offered.
Leveraging the Olympic volunteer legacy: From perceived benefits to sustained volunteer behavior
Authors: Wang Yan
Published: August 2022

Host cities have shown the intention of using the Olympic Games as a leverageable resource in achieving sustained volunteering among Olympic volunteers. I examined the relationship between the perceived benefits of Olympic volunteering and sustained volunteer behavior years after the
megaevent. Participants were 353 volunteers who had been involved with the Beijing 2008, Singapore 2010, or Nanjing 2014 Games. The results of an online survey reveal that perceived benefits directly influenced sustained volunteering. A critical relationship between the development of volunteers'
role identity and volunteering afterwards was confirmed. Perceived benefits were positively associated with role identity and, thus, indirectly promoted sustained volunteering behavior. Hence, perceived benefits arising from Olympic volunteering are the key to volunteer identity and sustained
volunteering. For future practice, significant efforts are needed in the development of perceived benefits and role identity as a volunteer via individuals' experience of volunteering at sporting megaevents.
SISTEM PEMBAYARAN SEWA TANAH PADA PENAMBANGAN EMAS SECARA TRADISIONAL DI KEC. SAWANG DALAM PERSPEKTIF AKAD IJĀRAH BI AL-MANFA’AH
Authors: Mutia Arjayanda
Published: August 2022

Praktek sewa-menyewa tanah di lokasi penambangan emas di gampong Panton Luas dilakukan oleh masyarakat yang berprofesi sebagai penambang dengan pihak pemilik lahan, karena eksplorasinya harus dilakukan secara legal. Pembayaran sewa lahan galian batuan mengandung emas dilakukan dengan menggunakan bebatuan hasil galian yang dibagi antara pihak penambang dengan pihak pemilik lahan. Namun pembayaran sewa dengan batuan merupakan cost yang tidak ada kepastian nilainya bahkan tidak dapat diestimasikan nilai atau kadar emasnya sebagai biaya sewa. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui mekanisme penetapan harga sewa tanah pada penambangan emas secara tradisional di kecamatan Sawang, bagaimana ketentuan dan kesepakatan dalam pengambilan manfaat atas sewa tanah pada penambangan emas secara tradisional di kecamatan Sawang serta bagaimana perspektif akad ijārah bi al-manfa'ah terhadap praktik sewa-menyewa tanah pada penambangan emas secara tradisional di kecamatan Sawang. Dalam penelitian skripsi ini digunakan jenis  penelitian deskriptif analisis dengan metode pengumpulan data dengan library research dan field research.Teknik pengumpulan dengan wawancara dan observasi. Hasil analisis data yang diperoleh bahwa pembayaran sewa tanah dari lahan galian emas di gampong Panton Luas tidak ditetapkan pada saat akad sewa, ujrah yang dibayar pihak penggali bersifat relatif dan biasanya standar yang digunakan tiap sepuluh karung hasil eksplorasi dijatahkan untuk pemilik lahan sebanyak dua goni. Setelah pihak penggali mendapat izin untuk mengeksplor lahan, pihak  pemilik lahan tidak membatasi wiayah eksplorasi dan kedalaman galian karena sepenuhnya diserahkan kepada pihak penggali untuk menambang emas di lahan yang yang diekspektasi mengandung logam mulia tersebut. Menurut konsep ijārah bi-al manfaah bentuk akad sewa lahan galian tersebut tidak memenuhi syarat karena para pihak tidak menetapkan ujrah tertentu, kesepakatan yang dibuat lebih mengedepankan sistem bagi hasil, dan hal tersebut lebih tepat dan mengutungkan bagi para pihak.
PEMBINAAN KECERDASAN SPIRITUAL ANAK DALAM KELUARGA
Authors: Dewi Nurma
Published: August 2022

Tulisan ini berjudul â€œFungsi Keluarga dalam Pembinaan Kecerdasan Spiritual

Anakâ€. Kecerdasan spiritual sangat penting dalam kehidupan manusia apalagi

dalam dunia pendidikan. Karena ia akan memberi kemampuan kepada

manusia untuk membedakan yang baik dengan yang buruk, memberi manusia

rasa moral dan memberi manusia kemampuan untuk memecahkan persoalan

makna dan nilai. Ketiadaan kecerdasan spiritual akan mengakibatkan

hilangnya ketenangan bathin dan pada akhirnya hilangnya kebahagian. Dari

itu, perlunya penanaman kecerdasan spiritual sejak dini pada buah hati, dan itu

dimulai dari lingkungan keluarga terutama orang tua. Dengan kecerdasan

spiritual manusia dapat mengenal jati dirinya dan mengenal Tuhannya. Karena

manusia yang memiliki spiritual yang baik akan memiliki hubungan yang kuat

dengan Allah, sehingga akan berdampak pula kepada kepandaian dalam

berinteraksi dengan manusia. Permasalahan pokok penelitian ini adalah

bagaimana peran keluarga dalam membina kecerdasan spiritual anak, langkahlangkah

apa saja yang dilakukan keluarga dalam pembinaan kecerdasan

spiritual anak. Adapun tujuan penulis mengangkat sebuah karangan ini adalah

untuk mengetahui peran keluarga dalam membina kecerdasan spiritual anak,

untuk mengetahui langkah-langkah yang dilakukan keluarga dalam

pembinaan kecerdasan spiritual anak. Untuk sampai pada tujuan penelitian ini,

maka penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis yaitu penelitian

terhadap fakta-fakta yang ada sekarang dan melaporkan seperti apa yang

terjadi. Untuk pengumpulan data dilakukan kajian kepustakaan (Library

Research) baik terhadap literatur-literatur yang mendukung kajian ini. Hasil

penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fungsi keluarga dalam pembinaan kecerdasan

spiritual antara lain meliputi, fungsi edukatif, sosialisasi, afeksi, religius,

ekonomis, rekreasi dan bioligis. Secara keseluruhan keluarga mempunyai peran

yang sangat besar dalam mencendaskan anak-anaknya. Karena keluarga

merupakan lembaga pendidikan utama dan pertama yang di dapat oleh anak.
THE GOLDEN AGE : MASA EFEKTIF MERANCANG KUALITAS ANAK
Authors: Uce Loeziana
Published: August 2022

Mencetak anak sukses bukan hanya tergantung pada lembaga pendidikan

formal, melainkan bisa kita mulai dengan memberikan pendidikan di dalam

keluarga sejak usia dini. Satu diantara faktor penentu keberhasilan mencetak

anak yang berkualitas adalah dengan memanfaatkan suatu kesempatan emas,

atau masa keemasan dalam periodisasi tumbuh kembanh mausia atau yang

dalam kajian periodisasi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan manusia. dikenal

dengan istilah The Golden Age. Dari berbagai penelitian ditemukan bahwa The

Golden Age ini terdapat pada masa konsepsi,yakni sejak manusia masih

sebagai janin dalam Rahim ibunya hingga beberapa tahun pertama

kelahirannya yang diistilahkan dengan usia dini. Dalam kajian mengenai The

golden age yang berarti masa keemasan dalam periodisasi kehidupan ini,

ternyata peranannya mengambil porsi cukup besar dalam menentukan kualitas

manusia. Dari berbagai penelitian diketahui bahwa the Golden Age merupakan

masa yang sangat efektif dan urgen untuk dilakukannya optimalisasi berbagai

potensi kecerdasan yang dimiliki oleh anak manusia untuk menuju Sumber

Daya Manusia yang berkualitas. Keberhasilan ataupun kegagalan

pengembangan kecerdasan intelektual, emosional dan spiritual seorang anak

sering terletak pada tingkat kemampuan dan kesadaran orang tua dalam

memanfaatkan peluang pada masa keemasan ini. Tingkat optimalisasi peran

pengasuhan orang tua yang kontinyu dan konsisten terhadap pertumbuhan

dan perkembangan anak pada priode tersebut sangat menentukan kualitas

anak dikemudian hari. Pengasuhan yang dimaksud adalah perawatan dan

pendidikan , selain dengan pemberian nutrisi makanan yang memadai

untuk pengembangan kecerdasan intelektual, juga nutrisi pemberian non

materi untuk pengembangan kecerdasan emosi dan spiritual yang dilakukan

melalui kontinuitas dan konsistensi pengasuhan, pendidikan serta penerapan

disiplin dalam internalisasi dan sosialisasi ajaran agama , nilai-nilai moral,

sosial dan budaya pada periode the golden age tersebut.
PENERAPAN PERMAINAN SENTRA PERSIAPAN TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN KOGNITIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN CALISTUNG TEHADAP ANAK INKLUSIF
Authors: Desi Kurniati Nurafni Siregar,
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh penyusunan metode pembelajaran pusat pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru dengan sangat menarik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana metode pembelajaran centre games yang digunakan guru dalam menggugah tumbuh kembang anak. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian tentang penyusunan play center yang dilakukan oleh guru disesuaikan dengan tema dan sub tema, metode yang digunakan guru dalam penyusunan play center dapat mengembangkan pemahaman anak. Model pendidikan anak yang semacam ini merupakan suatu korelasi atas suatu dunia pendidikan dunia yang intergratif yang muncul sebelumnya. Dunia pendidikan segregatif yaitu suatu pendidikan yang memisahkan antara kaum difabel dengan non difabel seharusnya dalam dunia pendidikan tidak boleh memilih bulu tentang siapa anak itu dan bagaimana fisik si anak maupun dari mana berasal anak itu dalam suatu persekolahan tidak boleh melakukan suatu perpisahan antara anak normal dan anak norma karena semua anak memilik hak yang salam terhadap dunia pendidikan. Sebelumnya ada suatu anggapan bahwa pencampuran kelompok difabel dan anak non-difabel akan terpengaruh dalam proses pembelajaran anak-anak non- difabel karena ada suatu alasan yang lain yaitu bahwasanya anak-anak difabel membutuhkan pendidikan yang khusus yang berbeda perlakuannya dengan anak-anak.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PAPAN PINTAR HURUF UNTUK MENGENALKAN HURUF ABJAD PADA ANAK USIA 4-5 TAHUN
Authors: Heliati Fajriah Cut Maranda Suryanti, Putri Rahmi,
Published: August 2022

Permasalahan yang terdapat di PAUD Ibnu Sina adalah terbatasnya media pembelajaran dalam menunjang proses belajar mengajar sehingga hal tersebut menyebabkan perkembangan bahasa keaksaraan anak kurang optimal seperti anak-anak mengalami kesulitan dalam membedakan bunyi dan bentuk antara huruf B,D,F,P,M,N,V,W,S dan Z. Penelitian  ini bertujuan  untuk mengembangkan dan menghasilkan sebuah media papan pintar  huruf yang layak untuk membantu anak dalam mengenal huruf abjad. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian R&D dengan model ADDIE yang terdiri dari 5 tahap yaitu, Analysis, Design, Development, Implementasi, dan Evaluation. Berdasarkan hasil uji kelayakan pengembangan media papan pintar huruf oleh ahli materi dengan skor persentase 96,87% termasuk dalam kategori “Sangat Layak”, penilaian ahli media dengan skor 77,27% termasuk dalam kategori “Layak”. Berdasarkan hasil uji kepraktisan yang dilakukan di PAUD Ibnu Sina dapat disimpulkan bahwa media papan pintar huruf untuk mengenalkan huruf abjad pada anak usia 4-5 tahun “Layak” digunakan dan diterapkan dalam pembelajaran sesuai  dengan hasil penilaian lembar observasi pada anak dengan  skor 85,71%.