bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FENOMENA LINGUISTIS GADIS AUTIS DALAM FILM INNOCENT WITNESS: KAJIAN PSIKOLINGUISTIK
Authors: Santosa Farihanum Shania Izza , Labibah Jihan , Herowati Kurnia Sari
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji fenomena linguistik gangguan berbahasa gadis autis dengan sindrom Asperger dalam film Innocent Witness karya Lee Han. Metode deskriptif kualitatif digunakan untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang kondisi tersebut, dengan pendekatan yang mencakup analisis teori Scovel tentang tahapan konseptualisasi, formulasi, artikulasi, dan pemantauan diri dalam produksi bahasa. Teknik pengumpulan data melibatkan peninjauan film,z transkripsi dialog, dan analisis isi untuk mengidentifikasi gangguan berbahasa yang dialami karakter autis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami kondisi autisme, khususnya sindrom Asperger, yang memengaruhi kemampuan berbahasa dan komunikasi karakter Ji-woo. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan dominasi gangguan konseptualisasi dalam interaksi Ji-woo, menyoroti tantangan yang dihadapi individu dengan autisme dalam berkomunikasi. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesadaran publik tentang autisme, serta mendorong penerimaan dan inklusi yang lebih baik bagi individu dengan gangguan berbahasa dalam masyarakat.
ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN BAHASA INDONESIA DAN KEARIFAN LOKAL YANG TERDAPAT PADA FILM IMAM TANPA MAKMUM
Authors: Dalimunthe Elvi Susana , Amaliyah Raudhatul , Mangunsong Sri Emelda , Manik Alan Kibar , Harahap Safinatul Hasanah
Published: June 2024

Film "Imam Tanpa Makmum" merupakan hasil karya anak bangsa yang dimana didalamnya tidak hanya menceritakan dengan visual sebuah kisah namun terdapat penerapan penggunaan Bahasa Indonesia yang bisa mengimplementasikan orang-orang Indonesia itu sendiri dengan penerapan beberapa kearifan lokal didalam film tersebut. Analisis ini dimaksudkan untuk menemukan, meneliti, dan menilai penggunaan dan penerapan Bahasa Indonesia dan Kearifan Lokal dalam film karya Negara Indonesia ini. Metode analisis yang dipakai pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-kualitatif dimana dalam artikel ini berfokus dalam menemukan penggunaan Bahasa Indonesia dan kearifan lokal yang terdapat pada Film Imam Tanpa Makmum. Hal ini penting agar film tidak hanya menjadi sarana hiburan sermata namun bisa memberikan pengetahuan secara tidak langsung mengenai penggunaan Bahasa Indonesia dan kearifan lokal melayu Riau.
COVID-19 prevention education using interactive comic and animated videos on the health literacy of school-aged children: Implications for healthcare policy and management
Authors: Abdillah Ina Laela , Haryanti Fitri , Lusmilasari Lely
Published: June 2024

Background: Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, the proliferation of fake news and an infodemic has highlighted the necessity to enhance health literacy, particularly among school-aged children in the concrete operational phase of cognitive development. However, current health literacy studies predominantly focus on the adult population and overlook COVID-19 prevention protocols.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of COVID-19 prevention education utilizing interactive comic and animated videos on the health literacy of school-aged children in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Methods: The study employed a quasi-experimental research design with pretest-posttest nonequivalent control groups conducted from July to November 2021. Non-random sampling was utilized to select elementary schools and students, resulting in seventy-eight respondents. Health literacy was assessed using the modified 22-item Indonesian version of the Health Literacy Scale of COVID-19. Data analysis employed the Wilcoxon test.
Results: Significant improvements in children’s health literacy were evident within the intervention group from pretest to posttest (p = 0.046, p <0.05). Conversely, no significant change was observed within the control group post-intervention. Furthermore, comparable pre-intervention health literacy levels were noted across both groups, with a modest increase post-intervention, suggesting the intervention’s potential to enhance health literacy, albeit to a limited extent.
Conclusion: The research highlights the significance of focused health education for school children, particularly in preventing COVID-19. Incorporating interactive media such as animated videos and comics in school programs can improve health literacy. Policymakers need to invest in creating and sharing engaging health education materials working with schools, communities, and parents. Moreover, integrating artificial intelligence-driven personalized learning platforms may be possible to enhance information delivery, enabling children to confidently address health issues in the digital era. These findings may also guide post-pandemic health education approaches, ensuring children are informed and ready for future health challenges.
Biosynthesis of Manganese Dioxide Nanoparticles and Optimization of Reaction Variables
Authors: Mekuria Abelneh Terefe
Published: June 2024

Biosynthesis is an efficient and environmentally friendly process used to synthesize nanoparticles. This study presents a simple, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective method for synthesizing manganese dioxide nanoparticles from aqueous manganese (II) acetate using lemon extract as a reducing agent. Turmeric extract (curcumin) was employed to stabilize the biosynthesized nanoparticles. UV-visible spectroscopy was used to evaluate the concentration of nanoparticles at 350 nm wavelength. The scanning electron microscope verified that the nanoparticles had a rod-like shape. Fourier's transform infrared spectroscopy revealed an absorption peak at 558 cm-1, which corresponded to the stretching vibration of O-Mn-O. Response surface methodology, namely the central composite design, was employed to optimize reaction variables such as temperature, pH, and lemon extract ratio during the synthesis. These variables were optimized by measuring the absorption intensity of nanoparticles at 350 nm with UV-visible spectroscopy. The optimal values were claimed to be a lemon extract ratio of 75%, a temperature of 50°C, and a pH of 3.4. The lemon extract ratio was found to be a viable variable that determines the formation of nanoparticles, followed by temperature and pH. Hence, the utilization of sustainable plant extracts enhances the synthesis of nanoparticles without actual effects on the environment. MnO2 nanoparticles are used in a variety of applications, including energy storage, photocatalysis, adsorbents, sensors, and detectors for a wide range of biomedical molecules.
Oil Spill Modeling of the M/T Sti Pimlico and M/V Celestyal Crystal Accident on Çanakkale Strait
Authors: Taşlı Burhan
Published: June 2024

Turkish Sea Area is the most important waterway because of its geographical position. According to 2022 statistics of strait passage, 9904 tanker vessels passed through the Strait of Çanakkale. This statistical value shows that the Strait of Çanakkale is at risk due to the tanker vessels’ passage. On June 27, 2015, the Celestyal Crystal cruise ship and the STI Pimlico tanker ship collided in the Çanakkale Traffic Separation Scheme, approximately 0.7 nautical miles from the Gelibolu Lighthouse. STI Pimlico suffered an explosion in one of the port wing cargo tanks and listed 15° to port. There were no injuries in the incident, but it was reported that naphtha leaked from the ship into the sea. Directorate General of Coastal Safety teams responded to oil spillage immediately, the leak was taken under control before it spread too much. In this study, the pollution and spread that will occur in case the response of coastal safety teams is delayed has been estimated. The oil spill was determined according to time and place, taking into account the northerly wind direction and strength. Leak simulation was performed with the GNOMETM simulation program. Characteristic of cargo on STI Pimlico was taken from the ADIOS2 program. Results of the simulation showed that the spill reached the coast. 7 kilometers of the coast was polluted by an oil spill.
Removal of antibiotic residue from aqueous solution by
advanced oxidation process
Authors: Shahaji Sarkale Prajkta , Tanaji Chougale Sanjivani , Suhas Jadhav Aasawari
Published: June 2024

Advanced oxidation processes are low-cost, highly efficient, and eco-friendly technologies in the removal of organic pollutants in wastewater using hydroxyl radicals for oxidation. Hydroxyl radicals possess high oxidation potential and can react with organic compounds, resulting in the complete mineralization of these compounds into carbon dioxide, water, and inorganic salt or their conversion into other compounds. The present investigation deals with the removal of tetracycline from water using simulated ultraviolet radiation and hydrogen peroxide, assessing the effect of operational parameters like the solution's initial pH, retention time, hydrogen peroxide dosage in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal from the standard aqueous solution of tetracycline. Results indicate that alkaline conditions and larger hydrogen peroxide dosage negatively affect the degradation. The removal efficiency of 68 % was achieved at 150 min of batch reaction under optimum conditions: pH = 4, and a dose of hydrogen peroxide of 0.3 ml per 100 ml of the solution to be treated. At optimum conditions, LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry) analysis results showed a reduction in initial concentration of aqueous solution of tetracycline. Photocatalytic degradation followed pseudo-first-order kinetics with the rate constant (k) of 0.0061 min-1. Photocatalysis based on hydrogen peroxide is effective in the degradation of tetracycline in an aqueous solution and can be applied as a pretreatment of hospital wastewater containing tetracycline residues.
IMPLEMENTASI ALGORITMA FISHER-YATES SHUFFLE PADA APLIKASI QUIZ ONLINE MATERI PEMROGRAMAN DASAR
Authors: Pramono Bambang
Published: June 2024

Abstrak
Kebutuhan tenaga kerja di bidang Teknologi Informasi dan komunikasi semakin meningkat seiring dengan transformasi digital di berbagai industri. Mahasiswa Teknik Informatika diharapkan memiliki kompetensi pemrograman, terutama untuk memahami dan menerapkan algoritma ke dalam bahasa pemrograman. Namun, mahasiswa seringkali menghadapi kesulitan dalam menguasai logika pemrograman, yang menyebabkan rendahnya minat belajar di bidang ilmu pemrograman. Pada penelitian ini mengembangkan aplikasi quiz online yang dirancang untuk membantu mahasiswa mempelajari materi kuliah pemrograman dasar dengan cara yang menarik dan interaktif. Aplikasi ini menggunakan metode Fisher-Yates Shuffle untuk mengacak soal dengan 6 kategori dan terdiri dari 180 pertanyaan. Algoritma melakukan proses pengacakan soal serta mendistribusikannya secara merata, sehingga tidak ada urutan soal yang sama untuk setiap mahasiswa. Hal ini bertujuan untuk meminimalisir potensi kecurangan dan meningkatkan fokus belajar mahasiswa. Hasil data User Acceptance Testing menggunakan kuisioner dari 63 responden menunjukkan hasil positif, dengan 91% mahasiswa memberikan umpan balik yang baik terhadap penggunaan aplikasi. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ini bermanfaat dan mudah digunakan, meningkatkan minat dan pemahaman mahasiswa dalam mempelajari materi pemrograman. Aplikasi ini menyediakan antarmuka yang intuitif dan fitur yang mendukung pembelajaran interaktif. Kesimpulannya adalah penggunaan aplikasi quiz online dengan metode Fisher-Yates dapat meningkatkan minat belajar dan membantu mahasiswa memahami materi kuliah pemrograman dengan lebih efektif dan efisien. Pengujian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ini berfungsi dengan baik dan sudah memenuhi kebutuhan pengguna.
CBCT Artifact Evaluation in a Single Device: Insights and Limitations
Authors: Yalçın Eda Didem , Aslan Öztürk Elif Meltem
Published: June 2024

Objective: To classify the types of artifacts in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to evaluate them according to age and gender.
Methods: CBCT images of 1500 patients (766 males and 734 females) aged 5-92 (mean age: 40.89 ± 18.82 years) were retrospectively evaluated and the patients were categorized into 4 age groups: under 20 years old, 20-39 ages, 40-59 and over 60 years old. The types of artifacts encountered in CBCT images were classified. The relationship between the artifact types with age and gender were investigated. Chi-square test was applied to analyze the relationships between variables and distribution of parameters.
Results: Of the cases, 284 (18.9%) were under the age of 20, 389 (25.9%) were between the ages of 20-39, 554 (36.9%) were between the ages of 40-59 and 273 (18.2%) were over the age of 60. Moire artifact was observed at the highest rate (100%), while motion artifact was determined at the lowest rate (19.5%), and no ring artifact was detected in the analyzed images. Metallic artifact, metallic artifact removal, streak artifact and presence of dark bands were found to be statistically significant in females (p = .002, p = .001, p = .002 and p = .002, respectively). There was no statistically significant correlation between cupping artifact, metallic artifact, metallic artifact removal, streak artifact, dark band and noise, and stitched artifact (p > .05).
Conclusion: Both device and patient-based artifacts in CBCT images should be known, as well as the ways to prevent them.
Female Adolescents’ Experiences with Contraceptive Method Decision-Making, Access, and Continuation: Qualitative Research
Authors: Dönmez Ayşegül , Karaçam Zekiye
Published: June 2024

Objective: Because of early sexual activity that starts in adolescence, critical problems such as unwanted pregnancies arise. The aim of this study was to examine the experiences of female adolescents in decision making, accessing, and maintaining contraception.
Methods: The study was conducted as a case study with a phenomenological design and a qualitative approach. The study included adolescents who had contraception experience and were present in the gynecology clinic(s) of the hospital to receive any care service. Participants (n=22) was selected through purposive sampling. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted, transcribed, and analyzed using the approach, content, and descriptive analysis.
Results: Through the analysis of in-depth interview data with female adolescents examining their experiences related to contraceptive method use, four themes were identified: "reasons for using and deciding on pregnancy prevention methods, accessibility to pregnancy prevention methods, experiences during the use of pregnancy prevention methods, and continuity of pregnancy prevention method use."
Conclusion: In this study, it was determined that female adolescents faced some difficulties in deciding on, accessing, and maintaining contraceptive methods. In this context, units such as youth centers where adolescents can apply can be established. Unwanted pregnancies can be prevented by regulations regarding the provision of counseling and contraceptive services to adolescents.
Evaluation of Food Security Status and Mediterranean Diet Adherence of Air Services Employees in İstanbul, Türkiye
Authors: Demircioğlu Begüm Rabia , Kalyoncu Atasoy Zeynep Begüm
Published: June 2024

Objective: Since airports operate in foreign currency and are far from cities, employees could be limited to purchase food and beverages from more expensive sales points. Additionally, air services employees may be at risk for poor nutritional status due to job-specific unhealthy dietary habits and lifestyle behaviors. Yet, air services as workplaces have been understudied in terms of nutritional environment. Hence, in this study the aim is to assess food security (FS) and Mediterranean diet adherence (MDA) among Atatürk and Istanbul airports’ employees.
Methods: The face-to-face cross-sectional study was conducted with a non-probability sample of 381 employees that were recruited between February and May 2022. FS was assessed with Food Insecurity Experience Scale and MDA with Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS). Regression analyses were conducted to analyze the independent variables affecting FS.
Results: MDA was found to be 7.6±2.07 and most of the participants were within a moderate adherence range. While 14.6% (n: 55) of the participants have moderate or severe food insecurity, 2.9% (n: 11) have severe food insecurity. The regression analyses revealed the factors affecting food insecurity as education, income, smoking, use of medication, and dieting status (p
Disease Management in Individuals with Phenylketonuria
Authors: Gül Esra , Güneş Bayır Ayşe
Published: June 2024

Phenylketonuria (PKU), one of the most common metabolic diseases, is a recessive, congenital and hereditary disease that occurs with the absence or deficiency of the enzyme called phenylalanine hydroxylase, which converts phenylalanine to tyrosine. Therefore, the aim of this review was to discuss the disease management in individuals with phenylketonuria. As a result of the inability to metabolize phenylalanine amino acid in patients with PKU, the level of phenylalanine increases in the systemic circulation and brain, which may lead to neurocognitive activity and psychosocial dysfunctions and various disorders. If infants with PKU, who are indistinguishable from healthy babies at first birth, are fed like normal babies, phenylalanine accumulates in the body and symptoms occur and gradually worsen. To keep the blood sugar phenylalanine level at the desired range various medical treatment methods (pharmacological treatment and gene therapy), especially nutritional therapy, can be preferred. However, alternative treatment methods should be carried out in combination with diet therapy. Some dietary restrictions are maintained for life, while patients follow a strict diet in dietary protein intake to prevent high plasma phenylalanine levels and neurological damage. In this review, the definition, classification and phenylalanine-restricted diet treatments of phenylketonuria are discussed.
Biphasic bone substitutes coated with PLGA incorporating therapeutic ions Sr2+ and Mg2+: cytotoxicity cascade and in vivo response of immune and bone regeneration
Authors: Ren Yanru , Jung Ole , Batinic Milijana , Burckhardt Kim , Görke Oliver , Alkildani Said , Köwitsch Alexander , Najman Stevo , Stojanovic Sanja , Liu Luo , Prade Ina , Barbeck Mike
Published: June 2024

The incorporation of bioactive ions into biomaterials has gained significant attention as a strategy to enhance bone tissue regeneration on the molecular level. However, little knowledge exists about the effects of the addition of these ions on the immune response and especially on the most important cellular regulators, the macrophages. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the in vitro cytocompatibility and in vivo regulation of bone remodeling and material-related immune responses of a biphasic bone substitute (BBS) coated with metal ions (Sr2+/Mg2+) and PLGA, using the pure BBS as control group. Initially, two cytocompatible modified material variants were identified according to the in vitro results obtained following the DIN EN ISO 10993-5 protocol. The surface structure and ion release of both materials were characterized using SEM-EDX and ICP-OES. The materials were then implanted into Wistar rats for 10, 30, and 90 days using a cranial defect model. Histopathological and histomorphometrical analyses were applied to evaluate material degradation, bone regeneration, osteoconductivity, and immune response. The findings revealed that in all study groups comparable new bone formation were found. However, during the early implantation period, the BBS_Sr2+ group exhibited significantly faster regeneration compared to the other two groups. Additionally, all materials induced comparable tissue and immune responses involving high numbers of both pro-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs). In conclusion, this study delved into the repercussions of therapeutic ion doping on bone regeneration patterns and inflammatory responses, offering insights for the advancement of a new generation of biphasic calcium phosphate materials with potential clinical applicability.
Phylogenetic and mutational analysis of H10N3 avian influenza A virus in China: potential threats to human health
Authors: Dai Jingyi , Zhao Jun , Xia Jiawei , Zhang Pei , Ding Yadi , Li Qiujing , Hou Min , Xiong Xianhui , Jian Qianqi , Liu Yanyan , Liu Guiming
Published: June 2024

In recent years, the avian influenza virus has emerged as a significant threat to both human and public health. This study focuses on a patient infected with the H10N3 subtype of avian influenza virus, admitted to the Third People’s Hospital of Kunming City on March 6, 2024. Metagenomic RNA sequencing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis were conducted on the patient’s sputum, confirming the H10N3 infection. The patient presented severe pneumonia symptoms such as fever, expectoration, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and cough. Phylogenetic analysis of the Haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes of the virus showed that the virus was most closely related to a case of human infection with the H10N3 subtype of avian influenza virus found in Zhejiang Province, China. Analysis of amino acid mutation sites identified four mutations potentially hazardous to human health. Consequently, this underscores the importance of continuous and vigilant monitoring of the dynamics surrounding the H10N3 subtype of avian influenza virus, utilizing advanced genomic surveillance techniques.
Potential perioperative cardiovascular outcomes in cannabis/cannabinoid users. A call for caution
Authors: Echeverria-Villalobos Marco , Guevara Yosira , Mitchell Justin , Ryskamp David , Conner Joshua , Bush Margo , Periel Luis , Uribe Alberto , Weaver Tristan E.
Published: June 2024

Background

Cannabis is one of the most widely used psychoactive substances. Its components act through several pathways, producing a myriad of side effects, of which cardiovascular events are the most life-threatening. However, only a limited number of studies address cannabis's perioperative impact on patients during noncardiac surgery.

Methods

Studies were identified by searching the PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases using relevant keyword combinations pertinent to the topic.

Results

Current evidence shows that cannabis use may cause several cardiovascular events, including abnormalities in cardiac rhythm, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cerebrovascular events. Additionally, cannabis interacts with anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents, decreasing their efficacy. Finally, the interplay of cannabis with inhalational and intravenous anesthetic agents may lead to adverse perioperative cardiovascular outcomes.

Conclusions

The use of cannabis can trigger cardiovascular events that may depend on factors such as the duration of consumption, the route of administration of the drug, and the dose consumed, which places these patients at risk of drug-drug interactions with anesthetic agents. However, large prospective randomized clinical trials are needed to further elucidate gaps in the body of knowledge regarding which patient population has a greater risk of perioperative complications after cannabis consumption.
3D deformation analysis for earth dam monitoring based on terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and the iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm
Authors: Ning Xing-Yi , Zhang Kun , Jiang Nan , Luo Xiang-Long , Zhang Dong-Ming , Peng Ju-Wei , Luo Xiao-Xiong , Zheng Yong-Sheng , Guo Ding
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The conventional 3-D point cloud-based deformation analysis methods, such as the shortest distance (SD), cloud-to-cloud (C2C), and multiscale model-to-model cloud comparison (M3C2), essentially regard the closest distance between two periods of point cloud data as the deformation, rather than the true position of the same point in 3-D space before and after deformation.

Methods: This paper proposes a method based on the ICP algorithm to calculate the differences between the chunked multi-period point clouds to recognizes the 3-D deformations.

Results and discussion: The results show that the obtained results are very close to the GNSS data but with a much larger spatial monitoring range. The accuracy is higher than that of the SD method. Moreover, we analyze the statistical relationship between the point cloud block size and the deformation vector error and determine the optimal block size. The aim of this article is to optimize the deformation analysis method and improve its accuracy to provide techniques and ideas for the wider surface deformation monitoring research field. For instance, combining this method with data from contact methods constructs a 3D overall deformation model of the mountain, enabling real-time monitoring and early warning of debris flows.
Association between life’s essential 8 and male biochemical androgen deficiency: evidence from NHANES 2013–2016
Authors: Huang Weisheng , Chen Mutong , Zhang Haiyu , Zhang Zhongfu , Yin Cong , Huang Meiyang , Shi Bentao
Published: June 2024

Purpose

To evaluate the association of Life’s Essential 8 (LE8) and its subscales with male biochemical androgen deficiency (MBAD) and total testosterone based on the data from the national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) database.

Methods

Data of males aged 20 years or older from NHANES of 2013–2016 were extracted. LE8 score was calculated based on American Heart Association definitions. Total testosterone (TT) values were measured in NHANES using precise isotope dilution liquid chromatography. MBAD was defined as serum TT of <300 ng/dL. Univariate and multivariable analyses were conducted. Propensity score matching (PSM) and weighted regression after matching were added as sensitivity analyses. The generalized additive model, smooth curve fitting, and the recursive algorithm were used to determine the potential inflection points. Piecewise regression models with log-likelihood ratio test were used to quantify nonlinear effects.

Results

A total of 3094 participants who were males and aged 20 years or above were included. Out of them, 805 males were diagnosed with MBAD. After adjusting the confounders in the multivariable model, LE8 was independently associated with MBAD (OR 0.96, P < 0.001) and TT (β 2.7, P < 0.001). The association remained robust even after PSM. The non-linear relationship of LE8 behaviors score with MBAD and TT was revealed.

Conclusion

LE8 was an independent protective factor of MBAD and a feasible approach to promote male endocrine sexual function.
Reproductive function and behaviors: an update on the role of neural estrogen receptors alpha and beta
Authors: Torres Thomas , Adam Nolwenn , Mhaouty-Kodja Sakina , Naulé Lydie
Published: June 2024

Infertility is becoming a major public health problem, with increasing frequency due to medical, environmental and societal causes. The increasingly late age of childbearing, growing exposure to endocrine disruptors and other reprotoxic products, and increasing number of medical reproductive dysfunctions (endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome, etc.) are among the most common causes. Fertility relies on fine-tuned control of both neuroendocrine function and reproductive behaviors, those are critically regulated by sex steroid hormones. Testosterone and estradiol exert organizational and activational effects throughout life to establish and activate the neural circuits underlying reproductive function. This regulation is mediated through estrogen receptors (ERs) and androgen receptor (AR). Estradiol acts mainly via nuclear estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ. The aim of this review is to summarize the genetic studies that have been undertaken to comprehend the specific contribution of ERα and ERβ in the neural circuits underlying the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and the expression of reproductive behaviors, including sexual and parental behavior. Particular emphasis will be placed on the neural role of these receptors and the underlying sex differences.
The impact of clomiphene citrate on the endometrium in comparison to gonadotropins in intrauterine insemination cycles: is it thinner and does it matter?
Authors: Lu Yao , Cherouveim Panagiotis , Jiang Victoria , Dimitriadis Irene , James Kaitlyn E. , Bormann Charles , Souter Irene
Published: June 2024

Objective

To determine whether endometrial thickness (EMT) differs between i) clomiphene citrate (CC) and gonadotropin (Gn) utilizing patients as their own controls, and ii) patients who conceived with CC and those who did not. Furthermore, to investigate the association between late-follicular EMT and pregnancy outcomes, in CC and Gn cycles.

Methods

Retrospective study. Three sets of analyses were conducted separately for the purpose of this study. In analysis 1, we included all cycles from women who initially underwent CC/IUI (CC1, n=1252), followed by Gn/IUI (Gn1, n=1307), to compare EMT differences between CC/IUI and Gn/IUI, utilizing women as their own controls. In analysis 2, we included all CC/IUI cycles (CC2, n=686) from women who eventually conceived with CC during the same study period, to evaluate EMT differences between patients who conceived with CC (CC2) and those who did not (CC1). In analysis 3, pregnancy outcomes among different EMT quartiles were evaluated in CC/IUI and Gn/IUI cycles, separately, to investigate the potential association between EMT and pregnancy outcomes.

Results

In analysis 1, when CC1 was compared to Gn1 cycles, EMT was noted to be significantly thinner [Median (IQR): 6.8 (5.5–8.0) vs. 8.3 (7.0–10.0) mm, p<0.001]. Within-patient, CC1 compared to Gn1 EMT was on average 1.7mm thinner. Generalized linear mixed models, adjusted for confounders, revealed similar results (coefficient: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.52–1.85, CC1 as ref.). In analysis 2, CC1 was compared to CC2 EMT, the former being thinner both before [Median (IQR): 6.8 (5.5–8.0) vs. 7.2 (6.0–8.9) mm, p<0.001] and after adjustment (coefficient: 0.59, 95%CI: 0.34–0.85, CC1 as ref.). In analysis 3, clinical pregnancy rates (CPRs) and ongoing pregnancy rates (OPRs) improved as EMT quartiles increased (Q1 to Q4) among CC cycles (p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively), while no such trend was observed among Gn cycles (p=0.94, p=0.68, respectively). Generalized estimating equations models, adjusted for confounders, suggested that EMT was positively associated with CPR and OPR in CC cycles, but not in Gn cycles.

Conclusions

Within-patient, CC generally resulted in thinner EMT compared to Gn. Thinner endometrium was associated with decreased OPR in CC cycles, while no such association was detected in Gn cycles.
Measuring the impact of wharf construction on the Antarctic benthos
Authors: Robinson Ben J. O. , Hughes Kevin A. , Seaton David , Morley Simon A.
Published: June 2024

Shallow water Antarctic marine macroepifaunal assemblages live in one of the most naturally disturbed marine environments due to the impact of icebergs scouring the seafloor. They are, however, amongst the least anthropogenically impacted assemblages and are afforded protection under the Antarctic Treaty system. When the British Antarctic Survey’s Rothera Research Station wharf needed extending to accommodate the newly constructed UK polar research vessel, the RRS Sir David Attenborough, a Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation (CEE) was conducted to assess the impact. The macroepifaunal likely to be impacted by the construction was surveyed through ROV videos of five transects, centered on the middle of the construction zone, from 10–100 m deep. A pre-construction survey was completed in March 2017, as part of the CEE impact assessment, and a post-build survey in 2022 (delayed from 2021, and reduced in scope, due to the COVID-19 pandemic). Sedimentation rates were also measured before and during construction and were high during the second summer when the wharf pilings were being back filled with crushed rock. The measured differences between pre- and post-construction assemblages were minor and were not reflected in the overall number of taxa (operational taxonomic units – OTU), or diversity, but there were subtle shifts in species composition. The largest differences in the macroepifauna were a reduction in the number of the common urchin, Sterechinus neumayeri, and seastar, Odontaster validus, and were within expected variability. The small changes detected in the macroepifauna indicate it was minimally impacted and/or recovered in the subsequent two years, therefore during wharf construction the accompanying mitigation measures were robust.
Feasibility and effectiveness of global intact forest landscape protection through forest certification: the conservation burden of intact forest landscapes
Authors: Zwerts Joeri A. , van der Linde Chaia M. , Praamstra Gijsbert J. , Schipper Joep , Trolliet Franck , Waeber Patrick O. , Garcia Claude A.
Published: June 2024

Intact Forest Landscapes (IFLs) are defined as forested areas of at least 500 km2 that show no signs of remotely sensed human activity. They are considered to be of high conservation value due to their role in maintaining biodiversity and mitigating climate change. In 2014, the members of the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), one of the major global certification schemes for responsible forest management, took a conservation stand by restricting logging in FSC-certified IFLs. However, this move raised concerns about the economic viability of FSC-certified logging in these areas. To address these challenges, in 2022, FSC proposed an integrated landscape approach, considering local conditions and stakeholders’ needs to balance IFL protection, economic sustainability, and community interests. Here, we leverage publicly available management unit (MU) data, to provide a global quantitative overview of IFLs designated for timber production. We use the concept of ‘conservation burden’ for the extent that MUs overlap with IFLs, representing the impact that IFL protection has on forest management operations if logging is disallowed. Our data indicates that currently FSC-certified MUs affect 0.6% of global IFLs. Too restrictive policies for logging in IFLs may discourage FSC-certification in global IFLs. Considering the environmental and social benefits of FSC certification, it warrants careful examination whether the benefits of protecting a limited subset of FSC-certified IFLs outweighs the cost of potentially reduced growth of the total FSC-certified area. Our data can provide a basis to facilitate stakeholder engagement for landscape-level IFL management.
Cardiovascular adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysis
Authors: Li Xi , Li Dan
Published: June 2024

Objective

To evaluate the cardiovascular safety of anticancer drug immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) used in patients with malignant tumors.

Methods

Four clinical research databases that have been completed since their establishment were searched, and the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of each indicator were statistically calculated.

Results

62 randomized controlled trial and controlled trials were included. In single drug treatment ICIs group, the overall risk of cardio cerebral Vascular disease at all levels was higher than that in the placebo/chemotherapy group. Especially in all grades of Myocarditis and above grade 3 compared with normal controls, except for pericardial lesions, other indicators have no obvious side effects.

Conclusion

Single drug use of an anti-tumor ICIs may increase cardiovascular side effects risk in cancer patients, so we need to strengthen monitoring, identification and management, and timely intervention to manage ICI induced adverse events.
Inhibiting SIRT-2 by AK-7 restrains airway inflammation and oxidative damage promoting lung resurgence through NF-kB and MAP kinase signaling pathway
Authors: Yadav Vandana , Pandey Vinita , Gaglani Pratikkumar , Srivastava Atul , Soni  , Subhashini
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global cause of mortality with limited effective treatments. Sirtuins (SIRT) are histone deacetylases that are involved in the regulation of redox and inflammatory homeostasis. Hence, the present study aims to investigate the role of SIRT-2 in modulating inflammation in a murine model of COPD.

Methods

COPD in mice was established by cigarette smoke (CS) exposure for 60 days, and AK-7 was used as the specific SIRT-2 inhibitor. AK-7 (100 µg/kg and 200 µg/kg body weight) was administered intranasally 1 h before CS exposure. Molecular docking was performed to analyze the binding affinity of different inflammatory proteins with AK-7.

Results

Immune cell analysis showed a significantly increased number of macrophages (F4/80), neutrophils (Gr-1), and lymphocytes (CD4+, CD8+, and CD19+) in the COPD, group and their population was declined by AK-7 administration. Total reactive oxygen species, total inducible nitric oxide synthase, inflammatory mediators such as neutrophil elastase, C-reactive protein, histamine, and cytokines as IL4, IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α were elevated in COPD and declined in the AK-7 group. However, IL-10 showed reverse results representing anti-inflammatory potency. AK-7 administration by inhibiting SIRT-2 decreased the expression of p-NF-κB, p-P38, p-Erk, and p-JNK and increased the expression of Nrf-2. Furthermore, AK-7 also declined the lung injury by inhibiting inflammation, parenchymal destruction, emphysema, collagen, club cells, and Kohn pores. AK-7 also showed good binding affinity with inflammatory proteins.

Discussion

The current study reveals that SIRT-2 inhibition mitigates COPD severity and enhances pulmonary therapeutic interventions, suggesting AK-7 as a potential therapeutic molecule for COPD medication development.
Regulation of MAIT cells through host-derived antigens
Authors: Ito Emi , Yamasaki Sho
Published: June 2024

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a major subset of innate-like T cells that function at the interface between innate and acquired immunity. MAIT cells recognize vitamin B2-related metabolites produced by microbes, through semi-invariant T cell receptor (TCR) and contribute to protective immunity. These foreign-derived antigens are presented by a monomorphic antigen presenting molecule, MHC class I-related molecule 1 (MR1). MR1 contains a malleable ligand-binding pocket, allowing for the recognition of compounds with various structures. However, interactions between MR1 and self-derived antigens are not fully understood. Recently, bile acid metabolites were identified as host-derived ligands for MAIT cells. In this review, we will highlight recent findings regarding the recognition of self-antigens by MAIT cells.
High-resolution sampling in the eastern tropical North Atlantic reveals episodic Saharan dust deposition: implications for the marine carbon sink
Authors: Matzenbacher Blanda A. , Brummer Geert-Jan A. , Prins Maarten A. , Stuut Jan-Berend W.
Published: June 2024

In this study we present data collected between August 2017 and December 2018 from submarine sediment trap M1 located in the eastern tropical North Atlantic and determine lithogenic and biogenic fluxes, and grain-size distributions of aerosol dust. An unprecedented high sampling resolution of four days in combination with satellite imagery allowed the identification of thirteen major dust events of two types within the 468-day series. Seven dust events were classified as high-flux events identified by a deposition of >=25 mg m-2 d-1. The average dust deposition rate increased by 461.3% during these types of events. The remaining six events were characterized by a high composition of giant particles (>7.3 vol%). Seasonal variations of dust flux were recorded, with highest fluxes observed in spring at an average deposition rate of 14.8 mg m-2 d-1, and lowest fluxes in fall with an average rate of 8.6 mg m-2 d-1. The estimated total dust flux in the tropical North Atlantic was 4040.02 mg m-2 y-1. We suggest that most of the summer dust was likely transported over the sampling site at high altitudes while winter transport occurred closer to the sea surface, resulting in generally higher background fluxes. Grain-size distributions exhibited seasonal variations with increased occurrences of giant particles (>62.5 μm) in fall 2017 and spring, and less occurrences in winter and fall 2018. Grain-size sorting was high in spring and most variable in summer. Precipitation did not affect depositional fluxes or grain-size distributions of the aeolian dust significantly. Organic matter was deposited continuously at the sampling site with a deposition rate ranging from 14.4–862.25 mg m-2 d-1. Organic matter fluxes increased by 199.5% during high-flux dust events but decreased by 13.6% during anomalous grain-size events. Spring experienced the highest number of dust events (n=5). This unprecedented high-resolution dataset of dust deposition in marine sediment-traps enabled the distinction of dust events and their relation to organic matter flux. This suggests the possibility of a dust fertilization or mineral ballasting effect.
Variable-density solute transport in unconfined coastal aquifers with a subsurface dam
Authors: Fan Yu , Shen Chengji , Xie Yifan , Lu Chunhui , Zhang Chenming , Li Ling
Published: June 2024

Recently, the influence of subsurface dams on solute transport in coastal aquifers has become a hot research topic. Although many studies have been conducted, the combined effects of subsurface dam and tides on variable-density solute transport remain unclear, and this study aimed to fill this research gap. In the current study, a numerical model representing a 2-D cross-shore coastal aquifer was established. The model simulated cases with and without a subsurface dam, and sensitivity analysis cases with different height and location of the subsurface dam and solute concentration. The results show that a subsurface dam blocks a portion of the solute plume, which can only be discharged by dilution at the edges, thereby altering its discharge pattern and reducing their discharge rate. The addition of a subsurface dam may either prolong or shorten the residence time of solute,depending on the location rather than the height of the subsurface dam. In particular, a more landward subsurface dam would significantly increase the residence time; sensitivity analysis demonstrates that both the landward shift and the height increase of the subsurface dam contribute to a heightened ratio of dynamic mass distribution for the solute plume within the freshwater and saltwater zones of the aquifer, with maximum changes in mass distribution ratios of 87.22% and 300%, respectively. Also, these factors cause the solute to migrate both seaward and landward, respectively, across the primary outflow regions of the aquifer-ocean interface. Results from this study may provide theoretical guidance for the optimal design and environmental impact assessment of subsurface dams.
Analysis of physical activity in psoriatic arthritis: relationship with clinical and analytical parameters and comorbidity—description of the sedentary patient
Authors: Toledano Esther , Chacón Carolina Cristina , Compán Olga , Gómez-Lechón Luis , Hidalgo Cristina , Ibañez Marta , Márquez Antonio , Montilla Carlos
Published: June 2024

Objective

This study aimed to relate physical activity and a sedentary lifestyle to clinical, biological, functional, and comorbid parameters in a cohort of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA).

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 232 PsA patients. Physical activity and sedentary lifestyle were obtained using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) questionnaire. The demographic, clinical, and biological variables measured were age, time since PsA diagnosis, smoking, type of treatment used, clinical form, presence of enthesitis, dactylitis (present or past), fatigue, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Activity and functionality were measured using the Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA) and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) in peripheral forms, while the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS-PCR) and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) were measured in axial forms. Disease impact was assessed using the Psoriatic Arthritis Impact of Disease (PsAID) questionnaire. Alongside comorbidities, obesity, anxiety, depression [Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)], and sleep quality [Insomnia Severity Index (ISI)] were assessed.

Results

The mean age was 54.6 (SD: 11.4) years, with 54.3% being male. A total of 25.6% of patients were sedentary. Physical activity and sedentary lifestyle were inversely correlated with fatigue, activity, functionality, and disease impact. Within comorbidities, they correlated with anxiety, depression, and insomnia. In addition, physical activity was inversely correlated with obesity. In linear regression analysis, physical activity was found to be related to body mass index (BMI) with a ß coefficient of −0.1 (p < 0.04; 95%CI: −194.1–−4.5), and an R2 value of 0.11. In logistic regression analysis, a sedentary lifestyle was found to be related to pain, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.5 (p < 0.001; 95%CI:1.1–1.8) and an R2 Nagelkerke value of 0.36.

Conclusion

A quarter of the patients were sedentary. Lack of physical activity correlated with worse parameters of clinical activity, functionality, disease impact, and the presence of comorbidities.
The association between vitamin D and the progression of diabetic nephropathy: insights into potential mechanisms
Authors: Gao Jiachen , Song Xiujun , Ou Hongling , Cheng Xiyu , Zhang Lishu , Liu Chen , Dong Ya , Wang Xinru
Published: June 2024

Aims

Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is prevalent in the population, with inadequate intake, impaired absorption and metabolism as the main causative factors. VDD increases the risk of developing chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic nephropathy (DN), but the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are not known. The aim of this study was to investigate the association and potential mechanisms of vitamin D levels with the progression of DN by analyzing general clinical data and using bioinformatics methods.

Methods

The study included 567 diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) patients from the Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center as the case group and 221 healthy examinees as the normal control group. T2DM patients were categorized into T2DM, early diabetic nephropathy (EDN), and advanced diabetic nephropathy (ADN) based on the progression of diabetic nephropathy. The renal RNA-seq and scRNA-seq data of patients with DN were mined from public databases, and the differential expression of vitamin D-related genes in normal-EDN-ADN was analyzed by bioinformatics method, protein interaction network was constructed, immune infiltration was evaluated, single cell map was drawn, and potential mechanisms of VD and DN interaction were explored.

Results

Chi-square test showed that vitamin D level was significantly negatively correlated with DN progression (p < 0.001). Bioinformatics showed that the expression of vitamin D-related cytochrome P450 family genes was down-regulated, and TLR4 and other related inflammatory genes were abnormally up-regulated with the progression of DN. Vitamin D metabolism disturbance up-regulate “Nf-Kappa B signaling pathway,” B cell receptor signaling pathway and other immune regulation and insulin resistance related pathways, and inhibit a variety of metabolic pathways. In addition, vitamin D metabolism disturbance are strongly associated with the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy and several neurological disease complications.

Conclusion

VDD or vitamin D metabolism disturbance is positively associated with the severity of renal injury. The mechanisms may involve abnormal regulation of the immune system by vitamin D metabolism disturbance, metabolic suppression, upregulation of insulin resistance and inflammatory signalling pathways.