bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematik Melalui Problem Posing
Authors: Himmah Wulan Izzatul , Istiqlal Muhammad
Published: September 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keefektifan penerapan model pembelajaran problem posing tipe post solution posing terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa pada salah satu SMP di Kota Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi-eksperimen dengan desain pretest-postest. Pemilihan sampel ditetapkan dengan teknik random sampling dan diperoleh siswa kelas VII A sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan siswa kelas VII B sebagai kelompok kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk pengambilan data penelitian adalah tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah pada pokok bahasan segi empat sub pokok bahasan persegi panjang dan persegi. Uji yang digunakan untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan rata-rata gain adalah uji t. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, rata-rata gain kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran dengan model  pembelajaran problem posing tipe post solution posing adalah 13.91, sedangkan rata-rata gain kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran secara konvensional adalah 7.09. Dengan uji t terlihat bahwa rata-rata gain kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran problem posing tipe post solution posing lebih baik daripada siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran secara konvensional.  Disarankan guru dapat terus mengembangkan pembelajaran dengan model  problem posing tipe post solution posing dan menerapkan pada materi lain.The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of applying the problem posing learning model type post solution posing to students' problem solving abilities in one of the junior high schools in the Semarang city. This research is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. Sample selection was determined by random sampling technique and was obtained by students of class VII A as an experimental group and students of class VII B as a control group. The instrument used for retrieval of research data is a problem solving ability test on the subject of rectangles. The test used to determine the difference in average gain is the t test. Based on the results of the study, the average gain problem solving ability of students who get learning with problem posing learning model type post solution posing is 13.91, while the average gain problem solving ability of students who obtain conventional learning is 7.09. With the t test it can be seen that the average gain of problem solving abilities of students who get problem posing learning model type post solution posing is better than students who get conventional learning. It is suggested that the teacher can continue to develop learning with problem posing learning model type post solution posing and apply it to other material.
KONKORDATO PROJESİNE MUHASEBE AÇISINDAN BAKIŞ: BİR VAKA ANALİZİ
Authors: SERÇEMELİ Murat , OKUTAN Adem
Published: September 2019

Son dönemlerde işletmelerin özellikle öngörülemeyen birtakım nedenlerle gerek nakit sıkıntısı çekmeleri gerekse de borçlarını vadelerinde ödemede zorluklar yaşamaları neticesinde başvurdukları yollardan birisi konkordatodur. Konkordato ile borçlular bir kısım borçlarından kurtulurken, alacaklılar da bir kısım alacağından vazgeçmiş olmaktadır. Dolayısıyla konkordato hem borçlu hem de alacaklı tarafları ilgilendiren bir husustur.  Alacaklıların bir kısım alacağından vazgeçmesi için de borçluların, borçlarını ödeme durumlarının olmadığını ve şayet borçlarında yapılandırma olursa borçlarını ödeyebileceklerini konkordato projesiyle ortaya koymaları gerekmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı konkordato ilan eden işletmelerin proje hazırlama aşamasında muhasebe açısından düzenleyecekleri mali tabloları ortaya koyarak bir nevi rehberlik sağlamaktır. Bu amaçla konkordato ilan eden bir işletme üzerinde vaka analizi yapılmıştır. İlgili vaka analizinde işletmenin halihazırdaki durumu, iflas etmesi halindeki durumu ve konkordatonun kabul edilmesi halindeki durumları mali tablolar aracılığıyla ortaya konulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda konkordato projesinin doğru bir şekilde ortaya konulması neticesinde işletmenin durumunu nasıl düzeltileceği finansal verilerle ortaya konmuştur.
DİJİTAL VATANDAŞLIK ALGISININ İNCELENMESİ: AMPİRİK BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: YALÇINKAYA Bahattin , CİBAROĞLU Mehmet Oytun
Published: September 2019

Bilişim teknolojilerindeki gelişmeler, bireyleri dijital kültürün üyesi olmaya zorlamıştır. Özellikle 20. yüzyılın son çeyreğinden itibaren artan elektronik ortam kullanımı, vatandaşlık bilincine sahip bireyleri dijital vatandaş kavramına doğru dönüştürmektedir. Bu çalışma, Marmara Üniversitesi Bilgi ve Belge Yönetimi bölümü öğrencilerinin dijital vatandaşlık algısını ölçmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Dijital vatandaşlığın 8 faktörü (dijital okuryazarlık, dijital ticaret, dijital etik, dijital iletişim, dijital erişim, dijital sağlık, dijital güvenlik ve dijital hukuk) temel alınarak yapılan çalışmada, lisans programında kayıtlı tüm öğrencilere (267) e-posta yolu ile çevrimiçi anket gönderilmiş ve anketi cevaplayan 174 öğrenciden alınan veriler ile istatistiki analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre öğrencilerin, dijital vatandaşlığın gereklerinden olan dijital okuryazarlık, dijital ticaret, dijital etik, dijital iletişim, dijital erişim, dijital güvenlik ve dijital hukuk kavramlarını benimsemiş oldukları görülmüş, fakat dijital sağlık faktörünü dikkate almadıkları anlaşılmıştır.
A GENERIC STRATEGIC SUPPLIER SELECTION MODEL IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: KARAÖZ Ali Emre , TEKİN Kemal , AKYÜZ Göknur Arzu
Published: September 2019

Tedarikçi derecelendirme ve seçim konusu, tedarik zinciri yönetiminde stratejik önem kazanmıştır ve tedarikçi seçim süreci, literatürde çok kriterli karar verme konusu olarak görülmektedir. Bu çalışma, bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri (BİT) sektöründe mal ve hizmet sağlayan tedarikçiler için stratejik tedarikçi seçimine odaklanmaktadır. Örnek şirkette karşılaştırmalı bir analiz yapılmıştır. Analiz sırasında, şirkette kullanılan kriterlerin literatürde var olan kriterlere göre eşleştirilmesi yapılmış ve karşılaştırmalı çalışma iki farklı ağırlık seti ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Önerilen entegre TOPSIS - [ANP-TOPSIS] yaklaşımından elde edilen sonuçların daha ayırımcı sonuçlarla sonuçlandığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Kullanılan karşılaştırmalı yaklaşıma ve karar destek sistemine olan gereksinime dayanarak, tedarikçi seçimi için genelleştirilmiş bir model ve bu genelleştirilmiş model ile bağlantılı olarak bir karar destek sisteminin kavramsal tasarımı önerilmektedir.
SAĞLIK İLETİŞİMİ BAĞLAMINDA HASTA-HEKİM ETKİLEŞİMİNİN ÖNEMİNİN KATILIMCI EYLEM ARAŞTIRMASI (PAR) VE ELEKTRODERMAL VERİ TOPLAMA (GSR) YÖNTEMLERİ İLE DENETLENMESİ
Authors: AYTEKİN Behiç Alp , ŞİMŞEK Hasan Onur
Published: September 2019

Hasta-hekim etkileşiminin doğru ve etkili yönetilebilmesi sağlık iletişimi çerçevesinden ele alındığı zaman farklı bilimsel disiplinler dahilinde en çok araştırılan sorunsallardan biri olarak gündemdedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın temel hedefi, diş çekimi işlemi sırasında hastaların nasıl etkilendiklerini tanımlamak ve hasta-hekim etkileşiminin doğru kurulumuna yönelik bulguları açığa çıkarmaktır. Araştırma ile diş hekimliği ile iletişim bilimleri bakış açıları bir arada kullanılarak, disiplinlerarası bir yaklaşım benimsenmektedir. Bu bağlamda diş çekimi prosedürü uygulanan 120 hasta (70 kadın, 50 erkek); operasyonlar esnasında katılımcı tasarım yöntemi ile gözlemlenmiş, 12 hastadan ise üç farklı fazda olmak üzere biyometrik veri toplanmıştır (elektrodermal SCL değeri). Tüm süreç esnasında, biyometrik verilerin yanı sıra, her iki araştırmacı tarafından katılımcı gözlem esasına dayalı olarak katılımcı eylem araştırması tekniği ile diğer bulgular da elde edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda hasta-hekim etkileşiminin kuvvetlendirilmesi ve her iki taraf içinde daha konforlu hale getirilmesi adına nasıl aksiyon alınması gerektiğine dair çıktılara ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmanın disiplinlerarası ve çoklu metodoloji temelli yaklaşımının; orijinal ve örnek bir bilimsel uygulama yapısı sunması, sağlık iletişimi bağlamında ilerleyen çalışmalara örnek teşkil etmesi açısından önemsenmektedir.
ETKİLEŞİMSEL ADALET VE İŞGÖREN PERFORMANSI İLİŞKİSİ: DEMOGRAFİK ÖZELLİKLER AÇISINDAN AMPİRİK BİR İNCELEME
Authors: BAHAR Belgin
Published: September 2019

Örgütsel adalet, çalışan tutum ve davranışlarına etki eden önemli bir kavramdır. Bununla birlikte yazında örgütsel adalet ve çalışan performansı arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen çalışma sayısı azdır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, örgütsel adalet kavramının daha iyi anlaşılmasını sağlamak ve çalışanların etkileşimsel adalet algılarının çalışan performansı ile ilişkisini incelemektir. Bu çalışma İstanbul’da bankacılık sektöründe çalışan 183 kişinin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, söz konusu kavramlar öncelikle demografik faktörler temel alınarak incelenmiş, daha sonrasında aralarındaki ilişki analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, çalışanlar arasındaki olumlu ilişkiler ve adalet algısı, performansı belirleyen etmenler arasındadır. Bununla birlikte demografik farklılıkların etkileşimsel adalet algısı ve çalışan performansı üzerinde etkisi bulunmadığı görülmüştür.
HASTANELERDE KURUM KÜLTÜRÜ, KİMLİĞİ VE ETKİLEŞİM ALANLARI AÇISINDAN WEB SİTESİ KULLANIMI VE ÖNEMİ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ DEVLET ÜNİVERSİTESİ HASTANELERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: DEĞİRMEN Gül Coşkun , KÜÇÜKCAN Gizem
Published: September 2019

Hastaneler oldukça geniş bir hedef kitleye hitap eden kurumlardır. Değişen hedef kitle beklentileri hastanelerinde internet teknolojilerine uyum sağlaması gerekliliğini beraberinde getirmiştir. Bugün ve gelecekte birçok kurum gibi hastanelerinde en önemli temsil aracı web üzerindeki siteleri ve uygulamaları olacaktır. Hedef kitleler kurumu ya da doktoru tercih etmeden önce ön araştırmalarının bir bölümünü internetten gerçekleştirmekte, hastane süreçlerinde randevu, test sonucu hizmetlerini internetten alabilmekte, gerektiğinde iletişim olanaklarından da faydalanmak istemektedirler. Hastane ve hasta arasındaki ilişkinin yüz yüze iletişimi gerekli kıldığı bilinmekte ancak muayene, ameliyat vb. dışında yüz yüze iletişimi gerektirmeyen alanlarda da internetin aktif kullanımı söz konusudur. Çalışma kapsamında ise hastanelerin web siteleri ele alınmış, hastanelerde kurum kültürü, kimliği ve etkileşim alanları açısından web sitesi kullanımı ve önemi üzerinde durulmuştur. Araştırma ile Türkiye’de bulunan devlet üniversitelerinin hastanelerine ait web siteleri hakkında ilgili konularda genel bir değerlendirme yapmak amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırma Türkiye’deki 55 adet üniversite hastanesi web sitesi üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. İçerik analizi yönteminin kullanıldığı bu araştırmada kurum kültürü, kimliği, genel bilgiler, iletişim bilgileri ve etkileşim alanları ana kategorilerini içeren ve toplam 56 maddeden oluşan kodlama formları kullanılmıştır. İncelenen web sitelerinin çoğunda eksikler olduğu görüşmüştür. Özellikle kurum kültürü, kimliği, etkileşim alanları konusunda daha fazla çalışma yapılması önerilmektedir.
OECD ÜLKELERİ KAPSAMINDA REBOUND ETKİSİNİN GEÇERLİLİĞİNE YÖNELİK BİR SINAMA
Authors: KONAK Ali , ŞAHİN Güller
Published: September 2019

Günümüzde üretim teknolojisinde meydana gelen gelişmeler, enerjinin eskiye oranla daha verimli bir şekilde kullanımına olanak sağlamaktadır. Enerjinin daha verimli bir şekilde kullanımı ise, enerji tasarrufunu mümkün kılmakta ve literatürde rebound etkisi olarak adlandırılan iktisadi olgunun ortaya çıkmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, 1995-2015 dönemi içerisinde OECD ülkelerinde rebound etkisinin geçerli olup olmadığının incelenmesidir. Amaç doğrultusunda enerji kullanımı, birincil enerji yoğunluğu, Gayri Safi Yurtiçi Hâsıla ve kentsel nüfus değişkenleri arasındaki ilişki için panel eşbütünleşme analizi yapılmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonucunda, birincil enerji yoğunluğundaki artışın, enerji kullanımını artırdığı; ekonomik büyümenin, enerji kullanımında artışa neden olduğu; kentleşme oranlarının yükselmesinin ise, enerji kullanımını azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. Ulaşılan sonuç, 1995-2015 döneminde OECD ülkeleri için enerji yoğunluğundaki artışların, enerji verimliliğini azaltarak enerji kullanımının arttığını göstermiştir. Bu bağlamda, enerji yoğunluğundaki azalışlara bağlı olarak, enerji verimliliğinde görülen artışların piyasada geçerli olan fiyat mekanizması aracılığıyla enerji kullanımında yarattığı pozitif yönlü eğilimi açıklayan rebound etkisinin geçerli olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Poor Outcome of Surgical Management of Acute Malfunctioning Mechanical Mitral Valve During Pregnancy. Should Centers with Limited Resources Find Different Options?
Authors: Elsayed Abdelrahman Adel Abdelaziz , Abdelaal Khaled Mohamed , Abdelghaffar Ayman Mohammad mohammad , Mohamed Essam Elbadry Hashim , Mahran Tarek Mohamed Afifi , Ahmed Mohsen Saber Mohammed , Ibrahim Alaa Mahmoud , Mansour Albaraa Ali
Published: September 2019

Background: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the most common cardiac disease in pregnancy in developing countries with the mitral valve being the most affected. In this study, the results of surgical intervention in pregnant women presented with acute malfunctioning mechanical mitral valve were discussed.
Methods: All patients underwent emergency redo mitral valve replacement due to acute malfunctioning mechanical mitral valve during pregnancy in a single center between January 2005 and December 2017. These patients were retrospectively analyzed. Additionally, anticoagulation strategy before the event and outcomes for the mother and the fetus were outlined.
Results: Between 2005 and 2017, 16 pregnant women arrived in a single tertiary center with acute malfunctioning mechanical mitral valves. The mean gestational age at the time of presentation was 13.19 ± 2.6 weeks. Fifteen out of the 16 patients changed their anticoagulation regimen either with or without medical advice. After replacing the valve, cardiopulmonary bypass successfully was weaned in 12 patients, who were transferred to the ICU sedated and ventilated with variable doses of chemical Inotropes. The remaining 4 patients died on the table after failure of weaning from bypass. In one case, the patient developed immediate postoperative stroke with the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 7, CT brain revealed massive infarction, her fetus was not viable, she remained sedated and ventilated, and she passed away on post-operative Day 12, due to pneumonia and sepsis. Another patient, with a viable fetus, passed away on post-operative Day 1, due to low cardiac output.
Conclusion: Acute malfunctioning MHV during pregnancy represents a real dilemma to patients and caregivers. It carries high fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality, especially in centers with limited resources. We believe that an alternative plane must be formulated for such patients to avoid devastating complications, including maternal and fetal deaths.
A Mouse Mutation That Dysregulates NeighboringGalnt17andAuts2Genes Is Associated with Phenotypes Related to the Human AUTS2 Syndrome
Authors: Weisner P Anne , Chen Chih-Ying , Sun Younguk , Yoo Jennifer , Kao Wei-Chun , Zhang Huimin , Baltz Emily T , Troy Joseph M , Stubbs Lisa
Published: September 2019

AUTS2 was originally discovered as the gene disrupted by a translocation in human twins with Autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. Since that initial finding, AUTS2-linked mutations and variants have been associated with a very broad array of neuropsychiatric disorders, sugg esting that AUTS2 is required for fundamental steps of neurodevelopment. However, genotype-phenotype correlations in this region are complicated, because most mutations could also involve neighboring genes. Of particular interest is the nearest downstream neighbor of AUTS2, GALNT17, which encodes a brain-expressed N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase of unknown brain function. Here we describe a mouse (Mus musculus) mutation, T(5G2;8A1)GSO (abbreviated 16Gso), a reciprocal translocation that breaks between Auts2 and Galnt17 and dysregulates both genes. Despite this complex regulatory effect, 16Gso homozygotes model certain human AUTS2-linked phenotypes very well. In addition to abnormalities in growth, craniofacial structure, learning and memory, and behavior, 16Gso homozygotes display distinct pathologies of the cerebellum and hippocampus that are similar to those associated with autism and other types of AUTS2-linked neurological disease. Analyzing mutant cerebellar and hippocampal transcriptomes to explain this pathology, we identified disturbances in pathways related to neuron and synapse maturation, neurotransmitter signaling, and cellular stress, suggesting possible cellular mechanisms. These pathways, coupled with the translocation’s selective effects on Auts2 isoforms and coordinated dysregulation of Galnt17, suggest novel hypotheses regarding the etiology of the human “AUTS2 syndrome” and the wide array of neurodevelopmental disorders linked to variance in this genomic region.
VICTIMS OF EXTRAJUDICIAL REPRESSION AND SUBJECTS OF CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR COUNTERREVOLUTIONARY CRIMES IN THE TERRITORY OF UKRAINE (1918–1922 AD)
Authors: D. S. Honchar
Published: September 2019

The article examines the relation between the Bolshevik political doctrine and the activity of the extraordinary commissions in theUkrainian SSR in 1918-1922. The forms and methods of combating counterrevolutionary crimes are shown.
The mechanism of implementation of the “red terror” policy in the context of the struggle with counterrevolution was explored.
The legal basis for the work of extraordinary commissions on repression is analyzed. Compared the legalization of responsibility forcounter-revolutionary crimes and the practice of its application. The article analyzes the class affiliation, the social status of victims ofextrajudicial repressions by extraordinary commissions.
Compares the experience of the Jacobin terror during the French Revolution and the Bolshevik “red terror” policy. The author presentsstatistical data on the number of victims of repression, their social status, class membership both during the Jacobin dictatorshipin France and during the implementation of the “red terror” policy in Ukraine.
The author mentions information from archival sources about the activities of extraordinary commissions and their repression.
The normative basis of the policy of “red terror”, a special legislation that was active in this field is explored. The author in the articlepresents assessments of the activities of the Bolshevik bodies of state security in Ukraine from the side of real eyewitnesses, participantsin those events, party figures, and publicists of those times.
The provisions of secret documents that aimed at manually managing the policy of “red terror” were set forth. The author presentsa series of statistical data on the performance of state security bodies in Ukraine. The genesis of the development of criminal-law policyin the field of struggle with counterrevolutionary crimes was explored.
The article analyzes the provisions of the Criminal Code of the USSR in 1922, which concern the establishment of criminal responsibilityfor counter-revolutionary crimes. Significant differences of the current criminal law in the field of crimes against the nationalsecurity of Ukraine and the Bolshevik criminal legislation regarding the fight against state crimes were revealed.
CLASSIFICATION OF CRIME OBJECTS IN THE CONCEPTUAL POSITIONS OF THE THEORY OF STATE AND LAW
Authors: Panchenko O. H.
Published: September 2019

The article examines the specifics of the philosophical and legal classification of crime in the conceptual positions of the theory of state and law. The categorical classification of the objects of the crime system as structured vertically and structured horizontally, which allowed distribution of crimes directly, kind, generic, general, was analyzed. It is shown that the general object of the crime is
traditionally in the conceptual positions of the theory of state and law called the whole set of social relations, which are protected by criminal law.
The generic object of the crime is a certain circle of homogeneous economic, social, political content of social relations, which, for some reason, should be protected by a single set of legal norms. It is made general that the specific object of a crime is a set of social relations within the generic object, which reflect the same interest of the participants in such relations or express though the nonidentical,
but closely interrelated interests.
The direct object of the crime is those specifically social relations, set by the legislator under the protection of a certain legal norm.
It is shown that structured horizontal objects of crime are distributed directly to the main and directly additional. It is traced that under the direct object of the crime is understood those social relations, the violation of which is the social content of the crime and for the protection of which there is a legal norm, which implies responsibility for the commission of the crime.
Under the direct additional object of the crime are those social relations, the encroachment on which does not constitute the content of the crime, but the commission of such a crime is always caused damage. It is concluded that the study of the concept of crime within the conceptual concepts of the theory of state and law is justified by the subject of its study. The fundamental questions in this context arose the problem of what exactly is the legal facts, which, depending on the result, can be classified categorically into legal,
lawful, and law-stopping. It is proved that the most important is the distribution of legal facts by their individual connection with the participants in the legal relationship. Thus, according to the categorical regularity of concepts of the theory of state and law, wrongful actions are divided, first, into offenses, that is, crimes and misdemeanors; and secondly, on objectively unlawful acts.
METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL STATUS OF THE PROSECUTOR OF UKRAINE
Authors: Skybenko O. I.
Published: September 2019

The article deals with the concept of methodology and types of methods of studying the constitutional and legal status of the Prosecutor’s Office of Ukraine. The works of such authors are analyzed: VS Babkova V.O. Bonyak, IV Vernidubova, L.P. Zhuk, A.E. Konversky, O.V. Krushelnytska, A.Yu. Oliynyk, O.F.Skakun, F.O. Chmilenko The philosophical, general theoretical, constitutional aspects of methodology and separate groups of methods are investigated.
The specific types of methods of research of the constitutional and legal status of the Prosecutor’s Office of Ukraine are analyzed.
In the framework of scientific research an analysis of the use of the following methods is carried out: 1) dialectic method; 2) system method; 3) historical method; 4) formal-logical methods of research. The application of these methods will provide a qualitative analysis of the study of the constitutional and legal status of the prosecutor’s office in Ukraine in the process of reforming it and will allow formulating qualitative conclusions, proposals and recommendations.
The author’s definition of the methodology and methods of study of the constitutional and legal status of the Prosecutor’s Office of Ukraine is proposed. The methodology of the study of the constitutional and legal status of the Prosecutor’s Office of Ukraine in the context of its reform is the doctrine of scientific methods of knowing the constitutional and legal status of the prosecutor’s office of Ukraine, which includes a system of general approaches, principles, methods, methods and means of such knowledge, conditions and preconditions for cognitive activity, including philosophical-ideological and methodological analysis for the purpose of scientific research of the most informed choice.
The signs of the methodology of the study of the constitutional and legal status of the Prosecutor’s Office of Ukraine in the conditions of its reform are: 1) the doctrine of scientific methods of knowledge of the constitutional and legal status of the Prosecutor’sOffice of Ukraine; 2) a system of general approaches, principles, methods, methods and means of knowing the constitutional and legalstatus of the Prosecutor’s Office of Ukraine; 3) the combination of knowledge and activities, as conditions and prerequisites for thecognitive activity of prosecutors, including philosophical and ideological and methodological analysis, transforming their activitiesinto means of conscious choice and scientific research. Conclusions and recommendations are given.
ISSUES OF THE DAY OF REFORMATION OF INHERITED LEGISLATION IN UKRAINE
Authors: Hlushko O. A. , Karpenko R. V.
Published: September 2019

The article covers issues of the place of inheritance of Ukraine and its legislative consolidation in the system of law of Ukraine, as well as issues of reforming and legislative improvement of inheritance law.
JUDICIAL ENFORCEMENT IN LEGAL REGULATION MECHANISMS: SOME THEORETICAL ASPECTS
Authors: Kopytova O. S.
Published: September 2019

The article is devoted to the disclosure of theoretical approaches to the definition of judicial enforcement. It has been proven that judicial enforcement is based on legal regulation, principles of law and its own principles.
It was concluded that the current legislation of Ukraine does not define the legal category “judicialenforcement”. It was found that the categories of “judicial enforcement”, “judicial authority”, “judicial activity”, and “justice” were identified; however, not the synonymy of such categories, but their relationship: judicial authority (subject to constitutional regulation) is exercised in justice (content,
functions of judicial authority), but Justice is administered by the court through judicial enforcement.
It is substantiated that the defining elements of the enforcement mechanism are two phenomena: the legal norm and the social situation to which the norm directly relates. The presence of these components causes a chain of organizational and psychological events (events): assessment of the situation, analysis of the norm, comparison of the norm with the interests and motives of the subjects, prediction of consequences, by the end of decisions and actions (inaction). In the course of development of this chain of events, social
factors act: the particularities of the situation, interests, motives, the characteristics of the subjectʼs characteristics, the prediction of social consequences etc.
It is concluded that judicial enforcement is based primarily on the regulatory regulation (as the leading part of the legal regulation as a whole), as well as on the principles of law and its own principles. The position is upheld that judicial enforcement is connected with one incident, is individual in nature and directed to specific individuals (with the exception of decisions of the Supreme Court).
This makes it important to distinguish special cases of factual and legal significance in a court case in a particular court case, which may be relevant when forming a convincing case law as a way to ensure the unity of court practice. All these situations in their totality determine the existence of freedom of internal conviction of the court and a certain freedom of judicial discretion in the implementation of judicial law in the implementation of judicial proceedings.
DISTINCTION OF TRANSPORT CONTRACT FROM TRANSPORT EXPRESSION AGREEMENT
Authors: Myropolskyi V. V. , Karpenko R. V.
Published: September 2019

The work provides a legal description of the contract of freight forwarding and finds out its place in the contractual obligations.
The features and differences of the contract of freight forwarding and transportation agreement and other agreements in the provision of services are considered.
NAMED AND UNNAMED KINDS OF PERSONAL ENSURING
Authors: Shymon L. S.
Published: September 2019

The article deals with the named and unnamed special kinds of enforcement of the obligation. Special kinds of the fulfillment of an obligation ensuring are proposed to be considered as a means of protecting the rights of the creditor in contractual obligations, where the fulfillment of obligations caused by the debtor is due to the fulfillment of the obligation of the third (other than the debtor) of the surety, guarantor, joint or subsidiary debtor, insurer.
Among the named kinds of securing the fulfillment of the obligation is investigated surety and warranty.
Surety as a special kind of ensuring the fulfillment of the obligation means that in the event of a debtor breaking the obligation
secured by it, the creditor’s property interests are met by a third party – guarantor.
Surety arises exclusively on the basis of the concluded contract on surety. A surety contract may be concluded not only between the creditor and the surety, but also as a tripartite agreement between the creditor, the debtor and the surety, for example, when a surety contract is concluded as one of the part of the main contract. A surety agreement gives the right to thecreditor in the event of breach of a secured obligation to require the guarantor to fulfill the obligation incurred by the debtor.
The surety is liable to the creditor so as a debtor, including the payment of principal debt, interests, penalty, damages, that is, he bears full responsibility for the debtor. As a rule, the surety and the debtor act as solidary debtors.
The guarantee, as personal kind of ensuring the fulfillment of the obligation, protects the violated rights of the creditor by the way of enforcing the guarantor to bear responsibility for breaching the obligation by the debtor. Under guarantee, a bank, another financial institution, an insurance organization (guarantor) guarantees to the creditor (beneficiary) the fulfillment of the debtor (principal) of his
duty. The guarantor independently is responsible to the creditor for violation of the obligation by the debtor. He is not a solidary debtor.
The article considers the possibility of recognizing insurance as one of the unnamed to the research of insurance financial risks and insurance. Оf responsibility of the personal kinds of enforcement of the obligation fulfillment. This problem is given special attention.
The author also proposes to refer to the unnamed types of enforcement of the obligation fulfillment the following: factoring – financing in the case of the right deviation to money claim, which legal structure has found its securing in Article 1077 of the Civil Code of Ukraine.
INSTRUMENTAL MECHANISM OF FORMATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STATE’S COMPETITIVE POLICY
Authors: Shvydka T. I.
Published: September 2019

The article is devoted to the consideration of the essence of competition policy through the definition of its directions, functional purpose and instrumental support. The author identified the need for the relationship of competition policy with other areas of state economic policy. The author determines that the main directions of state competition policy should be not only protecting economic competition,
but also encouraging the creation of a competitive environment by creating an attractive investment climate, especially for a foreign investor, developing market infrastructure, supporting innovation, and increasing the competitiveness of the national economy.
The effectiveness of competition policy in Ukraine can be achieved only with the use of effective implementation tools, through the definition of clear goals and objectives that will be implemented by anti-monopoly authorities.
Directions of antitrust policy may have prohibitions and preventive norms. The legislation provides for certain prohibitions (abuse of a monopoly position, anticompetitive concerted actions of business entities, etc.) and preventive mechanisms providing for permittingprocedures (obtaining permission forconcentration and concerted actions of business entities while observing the standardsestablished by law). The application of competition law in essence requires a daily choice between a ban and a permit. In this case, thepermit may be due to the absence of restrictions on competition, or the lack of awareness of entities in the need to obtain one or anotherpermit, which leads to competitive offenses on the part of economic entities.
An important point is the need to develop and implement forms of competitive policy implementation through the adoption ofdevelopment concepts and programs, taking into account the differentiated approach of means to ensure and protect economic competitiondepending on the competitive internal structure of markets, the pressure of external competitors, market entry barriers and theavailability of domestic investment resources.
FEATURES OF FUNCTIONAL ZONING NATIONAL NATURAL PARKS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Kosheliuk T. V.
Published: September 2019

National natural parks, as one of the forms of nature conservation objects, best reflect the modern concept of the social role of protected areas, according to which the latter are not excluded from the sphere of economic use, but indirectly included in it in qualitatively new forms, in particular, through maintenance of the ecological balance in regions, preservation of specificity and use of ecosystem properties.
Unlike nature reserves, national parks play an overwhelming role, while simultaneously combining the environmental and environmental objectives and the social plan.
The article presents an analysis of the current state of functional zoning of national natural parks. This problem is very relevant at the present time because of the limited amount of research and data that can be relied on. Another legislative problem is the lack of a unified system for distributing territories between zones. National parks vary in their ratio and quantity in different ways.
This problem for modern environmental activities is one of the key, based on the fact that functional zones are not only referred to differently, but also perform excellent functions. The author conducts research on the process of development of functional zoning, his scientific substantiation at the stage of the project organization of the territory of national natural parks. Comparable methods and approaches to the functional zoning of national parks. An example of jurisprudence is presented regarding the occurrence of conflict in the established boundaries of functional zones. Proposals on amendments to the current legislation are made.
Functional zoning allows you to resolve conflict situations. Particularly protected natural areas traditionally perform the following functions: nature conservation, research, recreation, educational and cognitive, cultural heritage protection, and economic. The environmental function often conflicts with other target functions.
The latter can be combined with each other: recreational and economic, recreational and educationalcognitive. The emergence and exacerbation of contradictions can be influenced by a number of factors: the socio-economic situation, the environmental situation, the existing types of land use and nature use. Avoid contradictions by zoning. Functional zoning reflects the spatial differentiation of environmental regimes and, after that, the differentiation of permissible and necessary activities. Specifying the mode allows you to regulate activities within each zone, determine access opportunities, optimal level of recreational load, rules of the internal order.
Fucoxanthin from marine microalga Isochrysis galbana: optimization of extraction methods with organic solvents
Authors: Medina Perez Elena Beatriz , Ruiz-Domìnguez Mari Carmen , Morales Juan Eduardo , Cerezal Mezquita Pedro
Published: September 2019

Fucoxanthin was the carotenoid studied from the marine microalga Isochrysis galbana for its importance in preventing obesity and diabetes. In this manner, seven solvents were used to fucoxanthin extraction, highlighting methanol and ethanol with 6.282 and 4.187 mg/g, respectively. However, petroleum ether and n-hexane were the worst solvents for fucoxanthin extraction, obtaining approximately 12-folds less content. Extraction time was another relevant parameter in improve fucoxanthin extraction where 10 min was the best time reaching 7.464 mg/g under 100% ethanol. Finally, we propose the use of I. galbana as natural source of fucoxanthin, a bioactive compound usefulfor food industry.
Physico-chemical and sensory evaluation of a mango-based fruit bar
Authors: Leguizamón Delgado Maria Alejandra , Duque Cifuentes Alba Lucía , Quintero Castaño Victor Dumar
Published: September 2019

The objective of this work was the evaluation of a mango-based fruit bar. Tommy Atkins pulp and mango peel physicochemically were characterized. Three drying methods were compared: lyophilization, convection drying, and microwave assisted convection drying. Subsequently six formulations were made varying the amount of pectin from 0.5 to 2.5%, water, inulin, glycerol and ascorbic acid. The results obtained showed that microwave-assisted convection drying at 40 ° C for the shell showed a higher concentration of fiber. Two formulations were selected for physicochemical, microbiological and sensory analysis. Formulation D with a higher percentage of pectin was more widely accepted. The values obtained from vitamin C and total phenolic compounds show that the formulation of a fruit bar is feasible, taking advantage of the shell mainly as a raw material for foods with functional characteristics.
Laboratory study of cyclic liquid solvent injection process for heavy oil recovery through computed tomography
Authors: Sandoval Martinez Maria Isabel , Muñoz  Navarro Samuel Fernando
Published: September 2019

The cyclic solvents injection has been considered for years as an improved non-thermal enhanced oil recovery method for the recovery of heavy oil, which includes three stages: injection, soaking, and production. This paper describes a laboratory study with Computed Tomography and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of a cyclic solvent injection process in a porous medium, using naphtha as a liquid diluent to recover a Colombian heavy oil in a porous medium at 84 °C. The core was scanned during the soaking time to determine the expansion behavior of the mixing zone by analyzing the density profiles obtained after each scan. It was also scanned after the production stage to observe the distribution of saturation in the porous medium after each cycle. Finally, the fluids recovered from porous medium were taken to a nuclear magnetic resonance equipment to determine the recovery factor.
Evaluation of the fermentation process and final quality of five cacao clones from the department of Huila, Colombia.
Authors: Horta Tellez Heidi Briggity , García Muñoz Maria Cristina , Ceron Salazar Ivonne Ximena , Sandoval Aldana Angelica Piedad
Published: September 2019

The aim of this work was to study the microfermentation process of five cacao clones, ICS 01, ICS 95, ICS 39, TSH 565 and CCN 51, from the department of Huila, Colombia. These clones were characterized by their physicochemical properties followed by their fermentation process. The behavior of temperature, pH, total acidity, total polyphenols and fermentation index was recorded. Additionally, the physical cutting test was carried out at the end of the process, as well as the sensory evaluation of the cocoa liquor, in order to establish the sensory profile of each material. Results showed that fermentation time for clones ICS 95, ICS 01 was five days t was obtaining a standard cocoa quality for ICS 01. The other three clones ICS 39, TSH 565 and CCN 51 required six days of fermentation but a premium cocoa was obtained. The establishment of fermentation parameters allows improving final cocoa quality, and thus, increasing its commercial value.
Obtaining nitrite from vegetables sources by fermentative process using nitrate-reducing bacteria Sthaphylococcus carnosus and S. xylosus
Authors: Restrepo Molina Diego Alonso , Rodríguez Daza María Carolina , Arias Zabala Mario Evelio
Published: September 2019

Sodium nitrate is an essential food additive widely used in cured meats. The increased unfavorable perceptions about chemicals in foods and their repercussions on health have positioned the nitrite as undesirable compound in meat products. Natural and organic ingredients have taken an important place within the consumer preferences. Here, obtaining nitrite from natural source was achieved using nitrate-reducing bacteria Staphylococcus carnosus and S. xylosus. The strains pre-incubation into the celery-based medium allowed the stimulation of nitrate reductase activity. The increased values of substrate, the oxygen condition and pH influenced the nitrite generation significantly (p<0.05). The reduction rate from nitrate to nitrite was 50.85%, with a value 320.2 mg L-1 nitrite for 4h. This method presents characteristics comparable to those traditionally applied in the generation of conventional sodium nitrite and lead to the food industry to take advantage of fermentation processes to supply needs in meats and supplementary food products.
Characterization a polyurethane-based reactive hot melt adhesive for applications in materials
Authors: MARULANDA AREVALO JOSE LUDDEY , Martinez Casanova Miguel Angel , BUENDIA JUANA ABEJONAR , PEREZ ANTONIO PIQUERAS
Published: September 2019

In the present study, we used tensile shear tests, Shore hardness tests, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetry (TGA) to characterize a reactive polyurethane-based hot melt adhesive. We also measured contact angles at various temperatures to evaluate the wettability of the adhesive and to determine the optimum temperature range for applications. The adhesive was tested following curing for various times, and the bonding of the adhesive with several materials was investigated to determine whether it has the potential for greater versatility of application. Therefore, we explored new uses of the adhesive, such as in the matrix of a composite with fiberglass. Reactive hot melt adhesives are useful because they provide a certain degree of flexibility to joints, and have high processing speeds, high initial rigidity, and high working temperatures.
Actinic Cheilitis: Report of Three Cases and Review of Literature
Authors: Boza Oreamuno DDS, MSc Yadira V. , Guillén Colombari DDS, MSc, Path Diego
Published: September 2019

Actinic cheilitis (AC) is a potentially malignant lip disorder induced by chronic exposure to ultraviolet light, which mainly affects the vermilion of the lower lip of adults and fair skin. If it is not treated in a timely manner it can become a squamous cell carcinoma of the lip. Histologically, AC presents a series of alterations at the epithelial level ranging from hyperplasia to dysplasia; Connective tissue presents different degrees of actinic elastosis accompanied by inflammatory infiltrate. The objective of this work is to present three cases of patients with AC and analyze their clinical and histopathological characteristics.
Knowledge of Antibiotic Therapy Protocols by the Students of Costa Rican Dental Schools
Authors: Hernández Montero DDS Rodrigo , Pozos-Guillén DDS, MSc, PhD Amaury , Chavarría-Bolaños DDS, MSc, PhD Daniel
Published: September 2019

The knowledge of antibiotic protocols is essential to guarantee its correct use in our patients. A poor selection of antibiotic therapy may be associated with the development of adverse effects, therapeutic ineffectiveness or development of bacterial resistance among others. The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge of antibiotic therapy protocols in students of the last year of Dentistry during their clinical practice in different costa rican universities. The study was performed at three of the costa rican universities that offer the career of Dentistry. A descriptive transversal study was performed by applying a questionnaire in different dental schools, to the students undergoing clinical practice. The questionnaire consisted in thirty closed questions and was divided in five segments, assessing the knowledge of general aspects of antibiotics, indications and clinical conditions for antibiotic therapy, and the special protocols in this field. Demographic data and certain academic of the students interviewed were also recorded. From the students who participated in the study, 40% answer correctly the segment concerning general knowledge of antibiotics, 40% to the segment of clinical indications for antibiotic protocols and only the 32,8% of the answers of special antibiotic protocols was correct. The general knowledge of antibiotic protocols of the students surveyed was low. It is recommended to reinforce the study programs and the implementation of seminars to strengthen this area, as well to reinforce the discipline of constant revision of literature in order to update their acquired knowledge in Pharmacology.
Compressive Strength of a Glass Ionomer Cement Under the Influence of Varnish Protection and Dietary Fluids
Authors: Bohner DDS, MSc, Ph L.O.L. , Prates L.H.M.
Published: September 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the compressive strength of a glass ionomer cement (GIC) under the influence of varnish protection and dietary fluids. Eighty cylindrical test specimens were made from GIC and distributed into four groups (G1, G2, G3, G4) according to the dietary fluid. Each group was further divided into subgroups A and B according to the presence or absence of varnish protection. The eight subgroup samples were stored in distilled water for 30 days and received the following treatments for 14 days: G2A: varnish protection and immersion in soft drink, G2B: no varnish protection and immersion in soft drink, G3A: varnish protection and immersion in orange juice, G3B: no varnish protection and immersion in orange juice, G4A: varnish protection and immersion in yogurt, G4B: no varnish protection and immersion in yogurt. The immersion procedure was performed three times a day, for 15 minutes at a time, for a total of 14 days. The samples from subgroups G1A (with varnish) and G1B (without varnish) were used as controls and stored in distilled water only for 30 days. The samples were submitted to a compressive strength test after the immersion period. The results were analyzed using the ANOVA 2, Tukey test (5%) and Student’s t-test (5%). There were no significant differences between the subgroups, except for the subgroup with varnish protection and immersion in orange juice, which showed reduced GIC compressive strength.