bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’article 19 du Traité sur l’Union européenne : sésame de l’Union de droit
Authors: Rizcallah Cecilia , Davio Victor
Published: March 2022

L’Union européenne fait, à l’heure actuelle, face à une crise majeure et sans précédent due au délitement de ses valeurs fondatrices dans certains États membres. Cette crise se traduit, notamment, par une mise à mal de l’indépendance de certains systèmes judiciaires nationaux. En dépit des limites qui brident son intervention en la matière, la Cour de justice a néanmoins trouvé dans l’article 19, § 1 er , alinéa 2, du TUE un sésame lui permettant d’ouvrir une porte pour venir à la rescousse des juges nationaux dont l’indépendance est menacée. L’objet de cette contribution est d’analyser l’approche retenue par la Cour de justice quant à cette disposition et, plus fondamentalement, d’en définir la portée et l’efficacité, à la lumière de la jurisprudence récente.
Les conditions de détention en France dans le collimateur de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme : coup de tonnerre ou… coup d’épée dans l’eau ?
Authors: Roets Damien
Published: March 2022

Le 30 janvier 2020, dans son arrêt J.M.B. e.a. c. France , la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme brosse, sans surprise, un tableau peu reluisant des conditions de détention en France, dont, dans les maisons d’arrêt, une désastreuse surpopulation carcérale. Elle constate par ailleurs, une nouvelle fois, l’absence de recours de nature à empêcher la perpétuation de ces traitements dégradants ou, au moins, susceptibles de permettre une amélioration des conditions matérielles de détention. Alors qu’elle identifie un phénomène structurel, elle n’utilise cependant pas la procédure de l’arrêt pilote, se contentant de recommander à la France « d’envisager l’adoption de mesures générales » pour limiter, à l’avenir, les violations des articles 3 et 13 de la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme.
Le drone en appui à la surveillance policière, quel cadre juridique et quels enjeux pour la protection des droits fondamentaux ?
Authors: Vandernacht Pascale
Published: March 2022

Dans le contexte de la surveillance des mesures de confinement décidées par le gouvernement français en vue de lutter contre la pandémie du coronavirus Covid-19, le Préfet de police de Paris a autorisé l’utilisation de drones munis de haut-parleurs et de caméras pour détecter notamment des rassemblements de personnes dans l’espace public et faciliter les interventions de ses services. Des associations de protection des droits de l’homme ont saisi les juridictions administratives pour faire cesser cette surveillance qu’elles jugent attentatoire notamment au droit à la vie privée de chacun et au droit à la protection des données personnelles. Par une ordonnance du 18 mai 2020, le Conseil d’État de France leur a donné raison en infirmant l’ordonnance du 5 mai 2020 du juge des référés du Tribunal administratif de Paris qui avait rejeté le recours de ces associations, sans toutefois remettre en question l’utilisation de drones à cette fin.
Discrimination intersectionnelle en droit : mode d’emploi
Authors: Bribosia Emmanuelle , Médard Inghilterra Robin , Rorive Isabelle
Published: March 2022

Forme spécifique de discrimination qui résulte de l’interaction de plusieurs motifs, la discrimination intersectionnelle, bien que largement étudiée au niveau théorique, suscite l’embarras des praticiens. Une analyse comparée de jurisprudence permet d’identifier les moments clés lors desquels une approche intersectionnelle est particulièrement pertinente pour la mise en œuvre du droit de la non-discrimination en Europe.
La précarité socio-économique en temps de Covid-19 : quel rôle pour la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme ?
Authors: Ganty Sarah
Published: March 2022

La pandémie de Covid-19 et les pandémies en général affectent plus gravement les personnes socio-économiquement défavorisées partout dans le monde en raison non seulement de leurs conditions précaires de vie, de santé et de travail, mais également des (in)actions publiques. Cependant, dans de nombreux cas, la détresse de ces personnes reste invisible pour l’opinion publique et les autorités publiques, ce qui soulève de nombreuses questions au regard des droits fondamentaux. Dans cette contribution, nous proposons d’explorer ces questions à la lumière de la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme et plus particulièrement de l’interdiction de traitement inhumain et dégradant, de la protection de la vie privée et familiale, ainsi que de l’interdiction de discrimination.
Sur le chemin aménagé de l’école inclusive
Authors: Rommelaere Claire
Published: March 2022

Depuis plusieurs années, la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme reconnaît l’éducation inclusive comme norme internationale de référence pour garantir l’accès non discriminatoire à l’instruction. Le présent commentaire commence par rappeler les fondements actuels de l’éducation inclusive, dans laquelle l’Italie fait figure de pionnier, et la jurisprudence antérieure de la Cour concernant le droit à l’instruction de personnes en situation de handicap. Le contexte ainsi posé, l’arrêt G.L. c. Italie ne semble pas se démarquer des tendances déjà observées dans le raisonnement de la Cour, mais il permet de confirmer celles-ci et d’imaginer, pour l’avenir, un cadre d’analyse affiné.
Lutte contre l’impunité ou alternative à la justice ? À propos des mesures restrictives de l’Union européenne en réaction aux violations des droits de l’homme
Authors: Beaucillon Charlotte
Published: March 2022

L’Union européenne a adopté le 7 décembre 2020 son premier régime de mesures restrictives en réaction à des violations et atteintes graves aux droits de l’homme de par le monde. Suivant l’impulsion des États-Unis ( Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act , 2016), l’Union européenne conçoit ces mesures restrictives comme des outils de lutte contre l’impunité. Cet article examine ainsi la portée de ces mesures et pose la question de leur complémentarité ou de leur concurrence avec la justice pénale.
Entrée en vigueur du Protocole n o 15 à la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme : le Protocole de l’ère de la subsidiarité
Authors: Merloz Florence
Published: March 2022

Le Protocole n o  15 à la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme est entré en vigueur le 1 er  août 2021, près de huit années après son ouverture à la signature. Il s’inscrit dans le processus de réforme du système conventionnel, initié à la Conférence d’Interlaken, qui s’est poursuivi lors des Conférences d’Izmir et de Brighton. Il apporte cinq amendements à la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme destinés à renforcer l’efficacité du système conventionnel : ajout d’un considérant dans le préambule de la Convention faisant référence au principe de subsidiarité et à la doctrine de la marge d’appréciation ; suppression de la limite d’âge des juges ; réduction du délai de dépôt d’une requête ; renforcement du critère d’irrecevabilité du préjudice peu important et suppression du droit de veto en cas de dessaisissement au profit de la Grande Chambre. Ce texte, dont les effets devront être évalués, est un texte de compromis qui donne une illustration des conceptions parfois divergentes de la relation entre la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme et les États parties, et de l’équilibre, parfois fragile, de cette relation.
Chronique de jurisprudence de la Cour africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples (2020)
Authors: Burgorgue-Larsen Laurence , Ntwari Guy-Fleury
Published: March 2022

Le contentieux africain est en nette extension, en dépit des retraits de la déclaration de l’article 34, § 6, du Protocole par le Bénin et la Côte d’Ivoire. Les thèmes abordés par la Cour, dans le cadre de sa compétence contentieuse comme consultative, sont variés : de l’indépendance du pouvoir judiciaire, aux subtilités des facettes du procès équitable, en passant par la criminalisation des personnes vulnérables et, last but not least , les éléments essentiels du bon fonctionnement des sociétés démocratiques. Les questions procédurales sont également à l’honneur puisque la Cour ne cesse de préciser les modalités d’accès à son prétoire ou encore celles permettant aux États de présenter des requêtes en intervention.
Les environnements personnels d’apprentissage en milieu organisationnel : un dispositif qui facilite le développement de l’autorégulation
Authors: Roussel Jean-François , Roch Joanne , Jeunesse Christophe
Published: March 2022

Les environnements personnels d’apprentissage (EPA) constituent une façon d’utiliser les technologies à des fins d’apprentissage qui permet à l’apprenant d’être proactif afin d’identifier et de trouver de l’information pertinente, de collaborer avec des pairs et de produire différents artefacts. Ce caractère proactif fait appel à certaines compétences, dont l’autorégulation, l’apprentissage collaboratif et la résolution de problèmes. Bien que le rôle des EPA soit reconnu quand il est question d’apprentissage tout au long de la vie, leur utilisation en milieu organisationnel pose des difficultés, que ce soit en raison de la gestion centralisée de l’apprentissage ou d’enjeux liés à la sécurité des données. Cette recherche menée auprès de techniciens clientèle qui travaillent dans une entreprise de télécommunications canadienne cherche à repérer des activités qui favorisent l’apprentissage au moyen des EPA et à établir des liens avec l’autorégulation.
Acceptabilité des efforts spatiaux : enseignements et conséquences de l’arrivée à maturité du New Space sur la bataille du faire-savoir
Authors: Dufay Amaury
Published: March 2022

En plus de mutations technologiques et économiques, le New Space a bouleversé l’ensemble des dynamiques des politiques spatiales en vigueur depuis la fin de la Guerre froide. Dans un contexte mondial troublé, où les programmes spatiaux sont discutés, il change aussi la façon de communi­quer sur les exploits spatiaux. Cet article propose une analyse de cet aspect culturel, et cherche à en tirer les premiers enseignements. Les acteurs euro­péens pourraient en effet s’inspirer des États-Unis. L’inscription du secteur spatial dans la philosophie de la Manifest Destiny , combinée aux communi­cations actives de ses industries, consolide les dynamiques nationales d’inno­vation. La mobilisation des passionnés, la dédramatisation de l’échec et la publicité des prototypages, ou bien encore l’usage rare de communications spectaculaires sont autant de pistes à étudier. L’exemple chinois démontre pour sa part comment une communication contrôlée, fondée sur une stratégie déclaratoire forte et une mobilisation des partenariats, peut amener le dévelop­pement d’une véritable culture spatiale. Cet exemple permet également d’illus­trer l’importance vitale de construire et d’alimenter un narratif géopolitique pour motiver les efforts spatiaux. Enfin, la construction d’un plan français, voire européen, de plaidoyer pour le spatial serait une chance pour l’Europe de trouver une voie singulière de puissance. Il faut cependant au préalable que le secteur spatial européen se voit fixer des objectifs clairs et ambitieux.
Highly accurate operator factorization methods for the integral fractional Laplacian and its generalization
Authors: Wu Yixuan , Zhang Yanzhi
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we propose a new class of operator factorization methods to discretize the integral fractional Laplacian \begin{document}$ (- \Delta)^\frac{{ \alpha}}{{2}} $\end{document} for \begin{document}$ \alpha \in (0, 2) $\end{document}. One main advantage is that our method can easily increase numerical accuracy by using high-degree Lagrange basis functions, but remain its scheme structure and computer implementation unchanged. Moreover, it results in a symmetric (multilevel) Toeplitz differentiation matrix, enabling efficient computation via the fast Fourier transforms. If constant or linear basis functions are used, our method has an accuracy of \begin{document}$ {\mathcal O}(h^2) $\end{document}, while \begin{document}$ {\mathcal O}(h^4) $\end{document} for quadratic basis functions with \begin{document}$ h $\end{document} a small mesh size. This accuracy can be achieved for any \begin{document}$ \alpha \in (0, 2) $\end{document} and can be further increased if higher-degree basis functions are chosen. Numerical experiments are provided to approximate the fractional Laplacian and solve the fractional Poisson problems. It shows that if the solution of fractional Poisson problem satisfies \begin{document}$ u \in C^{m, l}(\bar{ \Omega}) $\end{document} for \begin{document}$ m \in {\mathbb N} $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ 0 < l < 1 $\end{document}, our method has an accuracy of \begin{document}$ {\mathcal O}(h^{\min\{m+l, \, 2\}}) $\end{document} for constant and linear basis functions, while \begin{document}$ {\mathcal O}(h^{\min\{m+l, \, 4\}}) $\end{document} for quadratic basis functions. Additionally, our method can be readily applied to approximate the generalized fractional Laplacians with symmetric kernel function, and numerical study on the tempered fractional Poisson problem demonstrates its efficiency.
A Lie algebra-theoretic approach to characterisation of collision invariants of the Boltzmann equation for general convex particles
Authors: Wilkinson Mark
Published: March 2022

By studying scattering Lie groups and their associated Lie algebras, we introduce a new method for the characterisation of collision invariants for physical scattering families associated to smooth, convex hard particles in the particular case that the collision invariant is of class \begin{document}$ \mathscr{C}^{1} $\end{document}. This work extends that of Saint-Raymond and Wilkinson (Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics (2018), 71(8), pp. 1494–1534), in which the authors characterise collision invariants only in the case of the so-called canonical physical scattering family. Indeed, our method extends to the case of non-canonical physical scattering, whose existence was reported in Wilkinson (Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis (2020), 235(3), pp. 2055–2083). Moreover, our new method improves upon the work in Saint-Raymond and Wilkinson as we place no symmetry hypotheses on the underlying non-spherical particles which make up the gas under consideration. The techniques established in this paper also yield a new proof of the result of Boltzmann for collision invariants of class \begin{document}$ \mathscr{C}^{1} $\end{document} in the classical case of hard spheres.
Fundamental Design of Flood Management Educational Games Using Virtual Reality Technology
Authors: Rismayani  , Paliling Alders , Nurhidayani Asma , Pineng Martina
Published: March 2022

The geographical location of Makassar, which is included in the lowlands and the increasingly uncertain climate change, makes this area included in the flood map in Indonesia. Almost every year, the city of Makassar is haunted by the potential for flooding in several vulnerable areas such as the sub-districts of Manggala, Wajo and Bontoala and the Antang National Housing, every disaster in the city of Makassar is handled by the Regional Office. Disaster Management Agency. So far, flood disaster preparedness is still not responsive to a disaster, most of them sit around waiting for help, and the community lacks understanding of what to do when a flood disaster hits them. This study aims to design a system that provides education to the public about flood disaster management using virtual reality technology. This research method uses Virtual Reality technology based on educational games. The result of this research is the existence of a flood control simulation system that can help the people of Makassar understand what to do in the event of a flood and with virtual reality-based, educational game technology providing a more attractive appearance. So that people are happy and happy to use educational games. Based on black-box testing, valid results were obtained for all functional tests on the flood prevention educational game simulation system, especially in Makassar. Then based on the results of a questionnaire to determine the system's benefits obtained from fifty respondents consisting of children, adolescents and adults, the outcomes received 91.3% stated very useful, 5.2% useful, 3.5% quite helpful and 0% useless.
A Novel Method of Multimodal Medical Image Fusion Based on Hybrid Approach of NSCT and DTCWT
Authors: Alseelawi Nawar , Tuama Hazim Hussein , Alrikabi Haider Th.Salim
Published: March 2022

The approach of multimodal medical image fusion, which extracts complementary information from several multimodality medical pictures, is one of the most significant and beneficial illness study tools. This work proposed an effective strategy for multimodal medical picture fusion based on a hybrid approach of NSCT and DTCWT. The experimental study's input multimodality medical images included computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET). A suggested approach employs a convolutional network to generate a weight map that incorporates pixel movement information from dual or more multimodality medical pictures. To provide greater visual comprehension by humans, the medical picture fusion method is performed on a multiscale basis using medical image pyramids. Additionally, a local comparison-based method is employed to adaptively alter the fusion mode for the decomposed coefficients. The proposed fusion methodologies result in the highest-quality fused multimodal medical pictures, the lowest processing period, and the finest visualization in terms of visual quality and objective assessment standards.
COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kol Emre
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study is to evaluate and provide an overview of the significant impact of the increasing mean age of the communities on social insurance as well as the effects of COVID-19, which has turned into a pandemic, on social security rights of elderly. In this framework, strategies are suggested to minimize the negative effects of the issue on social security. This study aims to investigate the effects of aging of the population on social security systems in line with the reformist approach to social security systems, to seek an answer to the question of how social security systems will respond to this transition in the demographic structure and to suggest solutions against the effects of COVID-19. In addition, the authors discuss the implementation methods of a three-pillar social security model proposal, which is based on individual pension programs within the scope of social security reforms. Finally, flexible retirement plans developed in order to keep the aging workforce in employment for longer periods are discussed.
Cervical smear screening in a tertiary care gynaecological clinic in Sri Lanka: A survey from a middle income country
Authors: Patabendige M. , Perera S. S. , Wickramasooriya D. J. , Jayawardane A.
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Awareness and knowledge about cervical smear are lacking among the women in the developing world. The aim of the study was to study the awareness and knowledge regarding cervical smear screening among a cohort of Sri Lankan women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a gynaecology clinic in a tertiary care hospital, Sri Lanka from January to August 2018. A consecutively recruited clinic attendees who attended the clinic for the first-time; aged over 35 years were interviewed using a previously piloted questionnaire. Outcome measures were socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, knowledge about cervical smear screening and uptake of Pap smear testing. Results: Among the 165 women interviewed, 146 (88.5%) had heard about cervical carcinoma. Median (IQR) age was 46.0 (39.0-54.0) years. Only 75.2% had heard about cervical screening. Knowledge about cervical smear screening was low and 60% of women were not worried about themselves getting cervical carcinoma. Awareness about cervical smear screening was 58.8% and only 78/165 (47.3%) had ever undergone screening. Fear of vaginal examination and lack of awareness was noted in 6.7% and 29.7% of them respectively. Public health midwives were the commonest source of information to them regarding cervical smear. Conclusion: Awareness and knowledge regarding cervical carcinoma is poor in the study sample.
Undiagnosed pheochromocytoma; a dilemma to the surgeon and the anaesthetist
Authors: Nishantha J. L. A. R. , Perera S. C. R. , Thilini H. G. D. , Wijesinghe H. , Iresha P. V. , Lankage W. , Amarasooriya A. M. D. B.
Published: March 2022

No abstract available
Effects of Dexmedetomidine Infusion in Low Dose on Dose Reduction of Propofol, Intraoperative Hemodynamics, and Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Kalaskar Vijay Pratap , Ruparel Dipakkumar Hiralal , Wakode Rohini Pradip
Published: March 2022

Background:

Dexmedetomidine, alpha 2 agonist, with its anxiolytic, sympatholytic and sedative property can be good adjuvant in anesthesia by modifying stress response to various stimuli during laparoscopic cholecystectomy including laryngoscopy, intubation, pneumoperitoneum, and extubation. We aimed to evaluate low dose dexmedetomidine for reducing hemodynamic perturbations to stressful events with secondary aim of evaluating propofol dose reduction and postoperative analgesia.

Methods:

Sixty patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA PS) Classes I and II were randomized to two groups of 30 each to receive dexmedetomidine infusion (0.5 mcg.kg−1.h−1) starting 15 min before induction (Group A) and normal saline (Group B). Patient induced and maintained with propofol infusion to keep BIS value 55–60 in both groups and heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded. We stopped infusions at surgical closure. VAS score recorded till 24 h of surgery. Total propofol required in both groups were recorded. Data were statistically analyzed using the SPSS software version 15.0.

Results:

MAP and HR remain elevated following intubation in Group B and remain so throughout procedure and during all stressful events including CO2 insufflation and tracheal extubation and were statistically significant. Significantly lower doses (almost 30%) of Propofol required in Group A to achieve similar BIS values compared to Group B. Visual Analog Scale score remained on the lower side in Group A for 24 h than Group B.

Conclusion:

Low dose dexmedetomidine (0.5 mcg.kg−1.h−1) can effectively maintain hemodynamics during stressful events, reduces propofol requirement and improves postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia in COVID-19
Authors: Sulakshana Sulakshana , Nayak Sudhansu Sekhar , Perumal Siva , Das Badri Prasad
Published: March 2022

Background:

It has been more than a year since the whole world is struggling with COVID-19 pandemic and may experience resurgences in the near future. Along with severe pneumonia, this disease is notorious for extensive thromboembolic manifestations. That is why experts advocated aggressive anticoagulation as a part of the therapy since the beginning. However, from May 2020 onwards, cases of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) are being reported. HIT in itself is an autoimmune entity leading to life-threatening thrombosis in the setting of thrombocytopenia. Continuation of heparin can have disastrous consequences in case of unrecognized HIT. Hence, timely recognition of HIT is of utmost value to modify the anticoagulation strategy and salvaging lives. We performed a systemic review trying to find all reported cases of HIT in COVID-19.

Methods:

It involved extensive search of the databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Embase in an attempt to find all reported literature in the last 1 year (November 1, 2019–December 25, 2020) using keywords in various combinations. Literature search resulted in a total of 27 articles and 12 articles were finally selected based on the study design and their relevance pertaining to the intervention done and the outcome of interest.

Results:

A total of 35 patients were included (mean age 56.7 ± 12.8 years, male-to-female ratio = 2:1). The most frequent comorbidity was hypertension. Fifty-seven percent of cases were with low-molecular weight heparin and the rest with unfractionated heparin. Confirmatory functional assay was done in 85.7% of cases (67% by serotonin-release assay [SRA] and 33% by heparin-induced platelet aggregation [HIPA]). All cases tested with HIPA were positive, while with SRA, only 30% were positive. The most common alternate anticoagulation used was argatroban infusion. The new arterial thrombotic event was seen in only 5.7% of cases as repeat myocardial infarction, stroke, and splenic infarction, while clinically significant bleeding was seen in 17.1% of cases. Fifty percent of bleeding episodes were seen where conventional doses of argatroban were used, while no mortality was seen with low-dose argatroban infusion. However, only 45.7% of patients were discharged, 31.4% of patients died, while the outcome was pending for 23% of patients.

Conclusion:

Severe endotheliitis and immune dysregulation giving rise to HIT antibodies and antiphospholipid antibodies have been demonstrated in COVID-19 and modifying our therapy becomes indispensable when it is pathogenic with potentially fatal consequences. In the light of interim results of REMAP-CAP study in severe COVID-19 cases where heparin does not improve the outcome, the present anticoagulation strategy needs re-evaluation. Unrecognized HIT can be catastrophic and close clinical monitoring is required for patients on heparin therapy.
A computed tomography-based clinical-radiomics model for prediction of lymph node metastasis in esophageal carcinoma
Authors: Li Xu , Liu Qingwei , Hu Beini , Xu Jingxu , Huang Chencui , Liu Fang
Published: March 2022

Aims:

Evaluation of lymph node metastasis (LNM) is an essential component of preoperative assessment of esophageal carcinoma (EC). This study aimed to develop and validate a computed tomography (CT)-based clinical-radiomics model for the prediction of LNM in patients with EC.

Subjects and Methods:

This is a retrospective study of 195 patients with biopsy-proven EC. 70% of the included patients were randomly allocated to the training cohort and the remaining 30% of subjects were allocated to the testing cohort. Radiomics models were developed based on features of multi-phase contrast-enhanced CT images using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method. The predictive values of these models for LNM were examined in both the training and testing cohorts. Furthermore, the benefits of adding two clinical features (CT report of LNM and tumor location) to the models were also investigated.

Results:

Seven radiomics models were established based on features identified on single-phase images (plain, P; arterial phase, A; and venous phase, V) and multi-phase images (P + A, P + V, A + V, P + A + V). The model that included 26 features derived from P + A + V had the best predictive value in the training cohort (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve [AUC] 0.783) and testing cohort (AUC: 0.741). The inclusion of CT reports of LNM to the models further improved their performances (AUC 0.814 in the training cohort and AUC 0.813 in the testing cohort).

Conclusions:

A clinical-radiomics model based on a multi-phase CT study may be useful in predicting LNM in EC.
Efficacy and safety of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors therapy for BRCA-mutated breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Mingyang , Yu Xinshuang , Wang Jianguo , Li Yongxiang , Cao Lili
Published: March 2022

Background:

To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and potential advantages of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) in treating BRCA-mutated breast cancer, we performed a meta-analysis of published studies.

Materials and Methods:

Four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the meta-analysis. Data analysis was conducted in Review Manager 5.4.

Results:

The progression-free survival (PFS) of the patients with triple-negative (hazard ratio [HR] 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74–0.88; P < 0.00001) or hormone receptor-positive (HR 0.83; 95% CI 0.77-0.91; P < 0.0001) BRCA-mutated breast cancer was significantly extended in the containing PARPi therapy arm versus the chemotherapy arm. PFS of the patients who did not receive platinum-based therapy (HR 0.78; 95% CI 0.70–0.86; P < 0.0001) was significantly extended in the PARPi monotherapy arm versus the chemotherapy arm. The objective response rate of patients treated by PARPi monotherapy (risk ratio [RR] 2.51; 95% CI 1.81–3.47; P < 0.00001) was significantly higher than that of patients treated by chemotherapy. The incidence of thrombocytopenia in patients received PARPi combined therapy was obviously increased compared with chemotherapy group (RR 1.36; 95% CI 1.07–1.72; P = 0.01). PARPi monotherapy markedly increased the incidence of anemia (RR 5.83; 95% CI 2.64–12.88; P < 0.0001) versus chemotherapy. However, the risk of neutropenia (RR 0.48; 95% CI 0.29–0.81; P = 0.006) was reduced in the PARPi monotherapy arm. There were no statistical differences in other adverse events among these three groups.

Conclusions:

PARPi combined therapy and monotherapy improved PFS of patients with BRCA-mutated breast cancer compared with standard chemotherapy, which was unrelated to type of BRCA mutation and status of hormone receptor. PARPi therapy has slightly higher hematological toxicity and better overall safety and tolerance.

Prospero registration number:

CRD42020204385.
A retrospective comparative study of thulium laser and mechanical stapler in pulmonary wedge resection under thoracoscopy
Authors: Liu Lei , Zhang Yi , Zhi Xiuyi , Liu Baodong
Published: March 2022

Objectives:

This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of thulium laser pulmonary wedge resection under thoracoscopy.

Methods:

Sixty cases of thoracoscopic pulmonary wedge resection by thulium laser and sixty cases with mechanical stapler from February 2015 to September 2018 were selected. The operation time, intraoperative hemorrhage, postoperative hospital stay, severe air leaks, drainage time, and complications (including postoperative hemorrhage, hemoptysis, atelectasis, and pulmonary infection) were compared between groups.

Results:

The thulium laser group showed a lower incidence of intraoperative hemorrhage (10.0 [5.0–20.0] ml vs. 15.0 [10.0–50.0] ml, P = 0.010) and a shorter postoperative hospital stay (3.9 ± 2.5 days vs. 4.9 ± 2.0 days, P = 0.031). There was no significant difference between groups in the operation time, postoperative drainage time, the occurrence of severe air leaks, or complication rate (P > 0.05). No patients were lost during follow?up (median follow?up time: 28.4 months, range: 18.0–36.0 months). No statistically significant difference in overall survival was found (P = 0.547).

Conclusion:

pulmonary wedge resection with thulium laser under thoracoscopy had better safety, less damage, and higher accuracy compared with the control group.
C2/3 Transfacetal fixation
Authors: Singh Deepak Kumar , Shankar Diwakar , Singh Rakesh Kumar , Kaif Mohammad , Yadav Kuldeep
Published: March 2022

Background:

Atlantoaxial Dislocation (AAD) is a complex disorder of craniovertebral junction (CVJ). Many techniques are available to treat AAD but there are some specific conditions where some techniques have advantage over the other.

Technical Advantage:

C2-3 transfacetal screw with standard C1 lateral mass fixation provides a stronger construct because of four cortices incorporation and divergent course of screws and is biomechanically comparable to other forms of C2 fixation techniques. It is a technically less demanding and time-consuming. It is also a good alternative in cases having significant osteopenia.

Conclusion:

C2-3 transfacetal screw with standard C1 lateral mass fixation is an effective alternative to routine C1 lateral mass and C2 pedicle/pars screw fixation in cases of atlantoaxial dislocation complicated with high riding or posteriorly placed vertebral artery and thin pedicle of C2 vertebra.
Extragingival pyogenic granuloma of the lower lip masquerading as a vascular lesion
Authors: Prajapat Jyoti , Prajapat Rajesh , Khanagar Sanjeev B. , Siddeeqh Salman
Published: March 2022

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a benign nonneoplastic mucocutaneous lesion. It occurs as a result of chronic irritation or due to hormonal changes. The most favorable site for this fairly common lesion is gingiva, but rarely, it can occur outside the oral cavity, later often difficult to diagnose, as a diverse group of the pathologic process can produce such lesions outside the oral cavity. The diagnosis is also challenging as the lesions appear as smooth or lobulated red nodules with easy bleeding, occasionally ulcerated mimicking malignancies. The purpose of this article is to report a rare case of extragingival PG of the lower lip simulating as a vascular lesion in young male of 30 years old diagnosed by ultrasound followed by histopathological examination.
Dentinogenic ghost cell tumor
Authors: Reddy Vandana , Wadhwan Vijay , Singh Roli , Bansal Vishal
Published: March 2022

The dentinogenic ghost cell tumor (DGCT), a solid variant of the calcifying odontogenic cysts, is an uncommon odontogenic neoplasm which is aggressive and has a propensity for recurrence. It accounts for <0.5% of all odontogenic tumors which can exhibit intraosseous (central) or extraosseous (peripheral) localization. Till today, only 39 cases of central DGCT have been reported in English literature according to WHO 2017 Classification. Therapeutic intervention of central variant should be aggressive, local resection with adequate safety margins and monitoring the patient for recurrence as the lesions show recurrence rate up to 71%. The purpose of this paper is to describe a rare case report of central DGCT in a 57-year-old female patient with a brief review of literature which provides an update on the epidemiology, diagnostic and clinicopathological characteristics of the published cases.
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in the retromolar region of an 8-year-old child
Authors: Patil P Harshali , Pereira Treville , Winnier J Jasmin , Shetty J Subraj
Published: March 2022

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the oral cavity is an extremely rare finding. The etiology and pathogenesis of IMT is controversial and unclear. The tumor requires complete surgical excision and continuous monitoring of clinical consequences. The present article describes the clinical, histological, operative and immunohistochemical features of a case of IMT in the mandibular retromolar region of an 8-year-old male. Histologically, the lesion shows myofibroblastic spindle cell proliferations with infiltrative margins in an inflammatory background. Immunohistochemically, the myofibroblastic spindle cells in the present case were positive for α-smooth muscle actin and CD68 due to which the diagnosis of IMT was confirmed.
Brown tumor of hyperparathyroidism with multiple lesions
Authors: Majumdar Sumit , Uppala Divya , Kotina Sreekanth , Alekhya Bandi
Published: March 2022

Brown tumors are rare focal giant-cell lesions that arise as a direct result of the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on bone tissue in some patients with hyperparathyroidism. Browns tumor is a syndrome associated with an increase in PTH levels by parathyroid glands resulting in hypercalcemia. In the present case report, a 44-year-old female patient presented with a rare case of brown tumor with multiple lesions in the head-and-neck region. The recent advance in various diagnostic and biochemical tests helps in early diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism cases. The dentist should be aware of oral manifestations associated with this type of systemic disease.
A case of migratory stomatitis in a young male patient
Authors: Bernaola-Paredes Wilber Edison , Filho Valdener Bella , Vilela Dias Eleazar Mezaiko , Sugaya Norberto Nobuo
Published: March 2022

Migratory stomatitis (MS) is an uncommon inflammatory condition with unclarified etiology, which despite its benign nature, may raise concerns for patients and diagnostic difficulties for professionals. This case report aims to describe the clinical features of a patient who presented with MS in conjunction with benign migratory glossitis (BMG), and its diagnostic process and management. The patient, a 25-year-old man, sought diagnosis of an oral condition, with cyclic behavior, which had been causing him great discomfort for a year. The patient presented erythematous patches on his lower lips and right side of the buccal mucosa, surrounded by a slightly elevated halo with a concomitant classical picture of BMG. After analysis of his entire symptomatology, the diagnosis of MS associated with BMG was concluded. The patient received clear explanations and symptomatic treatment. The diagnosis of MS may be challenging, even to oral medicine practitioners, especially if it occurs alone. MS with concurrent manifestation of BMG may make the conditions easier to diagnose, but it does not exclude the need to apply a complete process of differential diagnosis to rule out other similar possibilities.
Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia on lip in a 10-year-old girl
Authors: Chaturvedi Himani Tiwari , Chaturvedi Chandrashekher , Thammaiah Smitha
Published: March 2022

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is an uncommon benign vascular lesion that is clinically characterized as papule or nodule and commonly found in the head-and-neck areas although rarely involve oral cavity. The etiology of ALHE is currently unknown, and various hypotheses include a reactive vascular proliferation, vascular malformation or neoplasm. ALHE is mostly occurs in middle-aged females and rare in children. Here, we are presenting a case of ALHE on lip in a 10-year-old female child.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma
Authors: Singaraju Medhini , Singaraju Sasidhar , Patel Shubham , Sharma Shweta
Published: March 2022

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ADCC) is an uncommon tumor of head and neck, whose clinical patterns are characterized by slow growth, perineural invasion and distant metastasis. Cribriform, tubular and solid are the three recognized histopathological patterns which are seen in ADCC. We report a case of ADCC involving palate with an update on the current understanding of its clinical behavior, molecular biology, pathogenesis, histopathological aspect, treatment and prognosis.
Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of buccal mucosa
Authors: Narayen Vaishali , Shyam N D V N , Shravani Renukuntla , Priyanka Mudududla
Published: March 2022

Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SNEC) was first described in the 19th century which is usually seen in association with lung cancer and is very rare in the oral cavity. Here, we report one such case in a 39-year-old male patient who presented with swelling on the left middle third of the face for 6 months. This is the 12th SNEC of oral cavity case so far reported in the English literature and the third case to be present on buccal mucosa. It presented as a nodular swelling over the buccal mucosa and was clinically diagnosed as a traumatic fibroma. The histopathological sections showed diffuse sheets of round cells with granular chromatin. Immunohistochemical findings helped us arrive at a final diagnosis. SNECs are highly proliferative tumors characterized by early and widespread metastases through the vascular channels. Hence, the diagnosis and appropriate management of these lesions is important to decrease the morbidity and mortality rate.
Unusual cause of dorsal compressive myelopathy - Double butterfly vertebra mimicking vertebral fracture
Authors: Singh Thakur Dig Vijay , Parmar Nisarg , Mishra Rakesh Kumar , Devi Bhagavatula Indira
Published: March 2022

Structural developmental anomalies affecting the vertebral column resulting in malformed vertebrae are numerous. It can arise secondary to errors of vertebral formation, fusion and/or segmentation and developmental variation. These anomalies can occasionally mimic acute trauma and predispose the affected individual to compressive myelopathy. A butterfly vertebrae is a rare form of congenital vertebral segmentation anomaly resulting from symmetric fusion defect. It can easily be confused with burst fracture, hence though rare, we should be aware of this anomaly for a correct diagnosis while treating a patient.
Clinico-Radiological assesment of lumbar spinal canal stenosis and evaluation of its surgical treatment
Authors: Dhatt Sarvdeep Singh , Kumar Vishal , Dagar Ashish , Salaria Amit Kumar , Neradi Deepak
Published: March 2022

Objective:

This study aimed to predict the absolute criteria for surgical intervention and study the outcome of surgical intervention.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective study was conducted from June 2002 to July 2003. A total of 35 patients were included in the study. Pre- and postoperative Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores were evaluated for all the patients. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The surgical indications were disabling backache with radicular pain, limited walking capacity, and neurological deficits leading to a poor ODI score. Surgical procedures done were discectomy and laminectomy with or without fixation with pedicle screws on a case-to-case basis. Follow-up was done for up to 1 year at three-monthly intervals. The final ODI score was taken at the last follow-up and was compared with preoperative scores.

Results:

A 50 ± 10 years was the average age of patients included in the study. The average walking capacity was 40 m; the average duration of symptoms was 41 months. ODI improved from average score of 71% ± 4% preoperatively to 22% ± 6% postoperatively. L4–L5 was the level most severely narrowed, with a mean cross-sectional area of 75 mm2. The most common surgical interventions done were discectomy and laminectomy, which were performed in 54% of the cases. We had good-to-excellent results in all our cases. None of the cases deteriorated after surgery.

Conclusion:

The findings in this study have important implications in clinical practice. The radiological findings in the MRI correlated well with the clinical signs and symptoms of the patients, i.e., patients with significant findings in the MRI had profound clinical symptoms and neurological deficits.

Clinical Significance:

Lumbar canal stenosis is a clinicoradiological diagnosis. ODI score is related to canal narrowing on MRI. Clinical improvement is related to preoperative disability and canal narrowing on MRI.
Conceptual Approach to Periodontal Microsurgery
Authors: Awasthi Riddhi , Jalaluddin Mohammad , Agrawal Urmi , Singh Dhirendra Kumar
Published: March 2022

Periodontal treatment modalities have evolved since the 20th century. This era of periodontal treatment is progressing towards minimally invasive techniques. Nowadays, microscopes and surgical loupes are being used in different fields of dentistry. Periodontal surgeries like root coverage procedures, esthetic surgeries, scaling & root planing have also incorporated these methods for better esthetic results and patient compliance. Unlike in other fields of dentistry, there is more to be explored in the periodontal field with microsurgical methods. This article aims to discuss the evolution of periodontal treatment with microsurgical procedures and its principles. The literature concerning the efficacy of microsurgical approaches in treating periodontal diseases has been evaluated.
Dental Hygiene and Noncommunicable Diseases – Current Trends and Future Perspective
Authors: Kutikuppala L. V. Simhachalam , Ram Sabita , Unani Natasha , Memon Mehnaz A. , Agrawal Sanjana
Published: March 2022

Dental hygiene is an integral and also a major part of a person's general health, thereby better prevention of oral disease would save millions of rupees for the health-care systems. Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and their rising global burden are the primary reason for disability among people worldwide. Oral health is one of the reflections on the overall health and well-being of a person, and several oral diseases are even associated with chronic diseases like diabetes and periodontal diseases. Oral health is a heterogeneous entity composing the ability to chew, swallow, smile, smell, speak, taste and touch to convey a wide spectrum of emotions via expressions of face with confidence and without craniofacial complex discomfort, pain, and disease. Oral health remains a neglected and an under-recognized global health issue, where oral diseases affect around 3.9 billion people globally. Exacerbation of certain NCDs predisposes to oral dysbiosis and poor dental hygiene that may further lead to increased edentulism and periodontal diseases. The organizations and policymakers must shift the programs, policies, and public perceptions and viewpoints in support of sustaining adequate hygiene for overall health and well-being.
О размерности пространства темных состояний
в модели Тависа-Каммингса
Authors: Ozhigov Yuri Igorevich
Published: March 2022

Пространство минимальной энергии кубитовой системы есть
темное подпространство квантовых состояний
системы двухуровневых атомов в конечномерной модели
квантовой электродинамики Тависа-Каммингса (ТС).
Двухуровневые атомы, находящиеся в темном состоянии,
не взаимодействуют с электромагнитным полем,
что делает это подпространство свободным от декогерентности.
Приводится точное выражение для размерности темного подпространства
для точной модели ТС и для приближения вращающейся волны.
Библиография: 10 названий.
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a Nigerian diagnostic center: a retrospective study of endoscopic records
Authors: Odeghe Emuobor Aghoghor , Adeniyi Oluwafunmilayo Funke , Oluyemi Aderemi Omololu , Nwude Vivian Ngozi , Keshinro Samuel Olalekan
Published: March 2022

Background: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common indication for endoscopy. We aimed to describe the endoscopic findings in patients referred to our center with UGIB. Methods: This was a singlecenter retrospective study of the endoscopic findings in patients with UGIB between August 1, 2017, and April 30, 2019, in Lagos, Nigeria. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0.Results: Eight hundred thirty-two patients underwent endoscopy, of which 129 (16%) were for UGIB, which occurred twice as frequently in males. Melena was the most frequent presentation. Endoscopic abnormalities including gastric/duodenal peptic ulcers (39%),gastroduodenal erosions (36%), and varices (12%), were identified in 83% of the participants. Most ulcers were ow risk. Conclusion: Patients presenting to our center with UGIB commonly have gastric/duodenal peptic ulcers or gastroduodenal erosions.