bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Equivalence between exponential stabilization and observability inequality for magnetic effected piezoelectric beams with time-varying delay and time-dependent weights
Authors: Kong Aowen , Nonato Carlos , Liu Wenjun , Santos Manoel Jeremias dos , Raposo Carlos
Published: July 2021

This paper is concerned with system of magnetic effected piezoelectric beams with interior time-varying delay and time-dependent weights, in which the beam is clamped at the two side points subject to a single distributed state feedback controller with a time-varying delay. Under appropriate assumptions on the time-varying delay term and time-dependent weights, we obtain exponential stability estimates by using the multiplicative technique, and prove the equivalence between stabilization and observability.
Effort de conservation et Aires marines protégées : quatre illusions et un changement de perspective
Authors: Beuret Jean-Eudes , Cadoret Anne
Published: July 2021

Dans les argumentaires politiques et parfois scientifiques, l’effort consenti pour la conservation des milieux marins via les aires marines protégées (AMP) est évalué sur la base des surfaces classées, ce qui sous-entend que leur statut offre une protection à l’échelle de leur périmètre. Plus généralement, les AMP reposeraient sur quatre piliers : un statut, un périmètre, des règles, un gestionnaire. Une analyse comparative internationale interdisciplinaire (géographie et économie), fondée sur 13 cas étudiés dans des contextes géographiques et sociétaux très différenciés, nous conduit à revenir sur quatre illusions fondatrices selon lesquelles : a) le statut marque l’institutionnalisation de l’AMP et offre une protection ; b) au périmètre de l’AMP correspond l’espace géré et protégé ; c) des règles spécifiques sont nécessaires à l’action de conservation et sont conçues de façon à les faire respecter via des sanctions ; et d) la mise en œuvre de la politique territoriale de conservation suppose une centralité, avec un gestionnaire disposant ou non d’une autorité. À ces quatre illusions, qualifiées respectivement de statutaires, surfacique, normative et centralisatrice correspondent des réalités plus complexes illustrées par les cas d’étude. Leur analyse nous conduit à préciser ce que sont les AMP, à en tirer des enseignements pour l’accompagnement des processus d’institutionnalisation des AMP, puis à proposer de nouvelles modalités et indicateurs d’évaluation de l’effort consenti en faveur de la conservation.
Protéger la biodiversité marine : regard sur la Méditerranée au prisme des outils de l’UICN
Authors: Crouteix  Orianne
Published: July 2021

La mer Méditerranée réunit de forts enjeux économiques (transports mondiaux, tourisme, pêche), sociaux (immigration) et environnementaux (hotspot de biodiversité, et zone fortement impactée par le changement climatique). Cette petite mer semi-fermée apparaît alors comme un espace adapté pour interroger deux outils de protection environnementale du milieu marin : les listes rouges de l’Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature (UICN) et les aires protégées. Cette étude s’attache à comprendre la mise en place de ces deux outils sur le milieu marin, après avoir analysé l’émergence des enjeux environnementaux dans les arènes politiques et scientifiques. Basée sur une méthodologie regroupant observation participante au sein d’une institution vouée à la protection des espaces insulaires de Méditerranée, entretiens semi-directifs et analyses de documents, cette étude propose une réflexion s’appuyant sur des concepts et des cadres d’analyses développés par les science studies, les sciences de gestion et la géographie. L’objectif est d’analyser la construction des enjeux environnementaux en formalisant une dynamique cyclique reliant objet scientifique et sujet environnemental politique. Les enjeux marins sont repositionnés dans cette dynamique en étudiant plus particulièrement la place des incertitudes. L’objectif de l’étude est d’interroger la pertinence du transfert des deux outils utilisés dans les politiques de protection de la biodiversité (listes rouges et aires protégées) du milieu terrestre vers le milieu marin. Ces outils ne s’adaptent pas aussi facilement au milieu marin où les données naturalistes sont moindres et les usages peu compatibles avec certains objectifs des aires protégées.
Quand la trajectoire d’objets techniques liés à la gestion des eaux agricoles révèle des valeurs attachées à la nature
Authors: Seguin Laura , Barataud Fabienne
Published: July 2021

À partir d’une enquête qualitative, dans un contexte d’agriculture intensive en Brie humide drainée, l’article retrace la manière dont est pensée la mise en discussion de deux objets techniques (le système de drainage et les zones tampons humides artificielles). Il examine comment ces objets sont « apportés » sur ces territoires par les pouvoirs publics et les scientifiques et ce qu’ils révèlent des représentations et valeurs attachées à la fois à la technique et à la nature. Le travail met en évidence que s’il y a certes émergence de nouveaux paradigmes d’action publique fondés sur l’expression de nouvelles attentes sociales (notamment au travers d’un impératif de participation) et environnementales, l’adoption de ces deux objets dessine de manière similaire une forme de confiance en la technique et un souci de maîtrise de la nature.
Effectiveness of intramyometrial oxytocin versus intravenous oxytocin bolus administration during elective caesarean section – a randomized control trial
Authors: Dissanayake A. D. , Samaratunge U. Y. , Piyadigama I. , Gunawardena K.
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Intravenous oxytocin (IVO) is recommended during elective caesarean section to prevent postpartum haemorrhage. However, compared to IVO intramyometrial oxytocin (IMO), may result in better contractility with minimal haemodynamic side effects. Limited number of studies are available on IMO use at elective Caesarean section (CS). Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic IMO against IVO, in term singleton mothers at elective CS. Methods: Sixty five term singleton mothers undergoing elective CS at the Teaching Hospital, Kandy from 1st February 2015 to April 2015 were randomized to IMO and IVO. Prior to umbilical cord clamping, either IMO 5 IU divided half to each cornu or routine IVO 5 IU was administered. Blood loss was assessed using gravimetric methods and allowable blood loss calculation. Surgeon assessed uterine tone at 2,5,10 and 15 minutes following injection and gave a score of 1 to 5. Hameodynamic parameters, side effects, haemoglobin and haematocrit were recorded. Results: Thirty three were in IMO group while 32 were in IVO group. There was no significant difference between IVO and IMO groups in relation to mean blood loss, (303.83, SD 103.77ml vs 267.65 SD 93.53 ml, p=0.43), uterine contractions at 2 and 5 minutes and side effects. Calculated allowable blood loss in IMO group was significantly less than IVO group (p=0.04) and contraction scores at 10 and 15minutes were significantly higher in IMO group. There was no difference in haemodynamic parameters in each group. Conclusion: IMO oxytocin was not more effective than IVO during elective CS.
Outcome assessment of total abdominal hysterectomy vs ascending vaginal hysterectomy
Authors: Kumara S. K. W. R. , Hemapriya S.
Published: July 2021

Introduction

Hysterectomy is a reasonably safe, common and routine surgical procedure which rarely leads to perioperative death. Minor complications including postoperative infections, fever, wound hematomas or wound separation occur in approximately 25% of patients.

Objective

A comparative assessment of the post-operative outcomes of Sri Lankan patients subjected to Total Abdominal Hysterectomy and Ascending Vaginal Hysterectomy for benign uterine diseases.

Methods

A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 60 patients who underwent hysterectomy from July 2013 to June 2014, in a tertiary care hospital. Women those who were waiting for hysterectomy for benign uterine diseases within age 35-55yrs were included for the study.30 patients were underwent abdominal hysterectomy and 30 patients were underwent vaginal hysterectomy. Five main variables were measured such as operative time in minutes, blood loss, post operative pain, pyrexia, hospital stay in days. Data entered and analyzed by SPSS 25.0.

Result

Age of participants was between 37 years of age to 51 years of age. Mean age was 44.87 years among Vaginal Hysterectomy group (SD 3.4 years) and 44.71 among Abdominal Hysterectomy group (SD 3.756 years).

The average time duration for two procedures (t=10.4: p
Mechanisms of action and adverse effects of the major therapeutic agents in trial for COVID-19 therapeutics: Review of literature
Authors: Ogiji Emeka Donald , Ezeanosike Obumneme Benaiah , Ofor Casimir C. , Ezeanosike Edak , Maduba Charles C. , Ghasi Samuel
Published: July 2021

The race to find an effective cure for COVID-19 is on. Most of the candidate drugs in various clinical trials are being re-purposed but none has been approved as at date. It is pertinent for the bedside physicians to understand the mechanisms of action of these agents and their peculiar adverse effects so they are properly guided on the risk/benefit of the drugs they choose in managing COVID-19 patients. Clinicaltrials.gov, the international clinical trials platform of the WHO, the EU clinical trials register and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for registered clinical trials. Studies in therapeutic trials were considered eligible for the work. Frequency table was made for the most common trialled drugs and the mechanisms of actions and adverse effects of the selected drugs were reviewed. Ten studies were selected for review in a descending order of their frequency in different therapeutic trials and these are ritonavir, lopinavir, chloroquine/ hydroxychloroquine, interferon, remdesvir, favipravir, umifenovir, darunavir, tocilizumab and methylprednisolone. The bedside physicians need to understand the mechanisms of action of these agents and their peculiar adverse effects for proper guidance on the risk/benefit of the drugs they choose in managing COVID- 19 patients.
Metabolic changes in colorectal carcinomas are key factors for the early detection of neoplastic change
Authors: Orugbo Voke Peter , Akpo Esaba Emmanuel
Published: July 2021

Potential metabolic biomarkers have been developed by the use of modern analytical techniques and nanotechnology in metabolomics, providing insight into the pathophysiological basis and changes, tumorigenesis, and molecular mechanisms that underpin better therapeutic, monitoring, and prognostic evaluations of colon malignancies. This would allow early detection and characterization of malignant colon tumors and could reduce the risk of mortality and morbidity of colorectal carcinomas. Based on their association with certain metabolic pathways linked to malignancies, a number of tumor markers have been designed. Whereas some have been associated with only one cancer type, while others are associated with many different forms of cancer. No tumor marker has been found to have universal application as a metabolism-related marker; although some are circulating tumor markers found in blood, urine, stool, or other body fluids, others may be found in the specific tumors themselves. This paper addresses a number of associated metabolic changes linked to colorectal cancers and potential applications for disease condition diagnosis, monitoring, treatment, and prognosis.
Dapagliflozin Regulates Cardiac Metabolic Remodeling Partially via Uncoupling Protein 3 in a Nondiabetic Thoracic Aortic Constriction-Induced Mouse Model
Authors: Bao Li-Wen , Liu Rong-Chen , Yan Fang-Ying , Fan Hui-Hua , Huang Guo-Qian , Gao Xiu-Fang , Xie Kun , Li Yong , Shi Hai-Ming
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives:

We aimed to examine the protective effects of dapagliflozin (dapa) on thoracic aortic constriction (TAC)-induced heart failure in a nondiabetic mouse model. More specifically, we determined the effects of dapa on uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) activation and subsequent metabolic remodeling.

Methods:

Sixty C57BL/6J mice were divided into six groups for TAC surgery and received different doses of dapa via gavage for 4 weeks. Echocardiography was performed to evaluate cardiac structure and function. Histological and molecular markers of cardiac remodeling and metabolic changes were assessed through staining assays, RT-PCR, western blot, and ELISA. HL-1 cells were used to explore the role of UCP3 in metabolic remodeling through transfection with UCP3 siRNA.

Results:

Mice that received TAC exhibited elevated heart weight/body weight ratios (HW/BW), left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, impaired LV ejection fraction, and increased rates of fibrosis and apoptosis, unlike mice that received sham operation. Treatment with dapa after TAC restored HW/BW, improved LV parameters, and reduced fibrosis and apoptosis. dapa changed the expression levels of enzymes involved in glucose and fatty acid (FA) metabolism, such as pyruvate dehydrogenase lipoamide kinase isozyme 4, glucose transporter 4, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1α, carnitine O-acetyltransferase, carnitine O-octanoyltransferase, acyl-CoA thioesterase 1, acyl-CoA thioesterase 2, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α and β, proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α, and UCP3, relative to the levels in mice in the TAC group. UCP3 siRNA reduced the expression of AMP-activated protein kinase and of factors involved in FA oxidation in vitro.

Conclusions:

Dapa exhibits cardioprotective effects in the model and augments expression of UCP3, which may be involved in metabolic remodeling in the failing heart.
Differential Diagnosis of PRKAG2 Cardiac Syndrome in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Patients of Han Nationality
Authors: Li Xue-Jie , Zhou Nian-Wei , Xie Hui-Lin , Liu Wen , Pan Cui-Zhen , Shu Xian-Hong
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives:

This study aimed to diversify the spectrum of PRKAG2 variants and explore its clinical features in a Chinese Han population with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).

Methods:

Whole-exome sequencing was performed on 200 patients diagnosed with HCM, and four causative PRKAG2 variants were identified in the probands and their relatives using Sanger sequencing. Their clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, therapeutic methods, and outcomes were documented and analyzed.

Results:

Four variants were identified in six probands and seven of their relatives. Left ventricular hypertrophy was present in all probands. Five probands had sinus bradycardia, three had implanted pacemakers (PM), one developed heart failure, two had ventricular preexcitation, and one had atrial fibrillation.

Conclusions:

PRKAG2 cardiac syndrome (PCS) is a rare autosomal dominant disease characterized by ventricular hypertrophy, preexcitation, and progressive conduction defects, resulting in a high incidence of PM implantation. Genetic testing provides robust information for distinguishing PCS from sarcomeric HCM, which will be beneficial in guiding therapy and improving prognosis.
Congenital Heart Defects: A Morphological Approach
Authors: Ho Siew Yen
Published: July 2021

Congenitally malformed hearts are often perceived as too complex for the general practitioner. By using a descriptive method, each malformed heart can be analyzed systematically without reference to presumptions of what went wrong during cardiac embryogenesis. The basis of this method, systemic segmental approach, is reviewed followed by examples of the common malformations.
Cultural Revolution and Political Ambivalence in Zhao Xiaosheng’s Two Ballades for Piano Solo
Authors: Xue Ke , Loo Fung Ying , Loo Fung Chiat , Wang Xiaohang
Published: July 2021

The ascendancy of China’s Cultural Revolution led to a purge of the rightists, including musicians. This article unveils composer Zhao Xiaosheng’s emotional entanglement of fear and suppressed hostility toward the revolution, reflected in the political and artistic ambivalence in his two ballades for solo piano composed after his father’s death.
Orchestration as a Means of the Synthesis of Classical and Romantic Approaches in Brahms’ Second Piano Concerto
Authors: Rakochi Vadim
Published: July 2021

The synthesis of ‘Classical’ and ‘Romantic’ concepts in the orchestration of Brahms’ Second Piano Concerto is discussed. The composer rethinks ways of presenting musical material in the orchestra by conceptualising both the ‘Classical’ orchestral structure (the size, the approach to the brass section) and the Romantic-like treatment of solos, alternations, etc. as unified domains.
Emerging infectious disease preparedness and response in healthcare: perspectives from COVID-19 and the role of College-Learnt Microbiology
Authors: Tonui J. , Chepkutto W. , Rotich J.
Published: July 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic began in December 2019 in Wuhan City China where it is believed to have been transmitted to humans from an unknown animal species. The public health, social and economic impact of the pandemic world over is detrimental. Health care providers at the frontline in the fight against COVID-19 are at the greatest risk of infection and so far, many have been infected and some have already died from the disease. Thus, it is imperative that healthcare providers have adequate knowledge of infectious diseases and microbial pathogens to comprehend the scale of risk for better recognition and response. Microbiological concepts of infection prevention and control, hand hygiene and aseptic techniques are essential in slowing down the spread of the virus. COVID-19 has proven that infectious agents can emerge from any region in the world and can spread rapidly with ominous consequences to all humanity. This narrative review discusses the role of college-learnt microbiology in health care provider preparedness for emerging infectious diseases in light of the current pandemic.

Keywords: Emerging; Infections; Preparedness; Response; Microbiology; COVID-19; Training
Starodruki pochodzące z Archiwum Aktów Dawnych Miasta Krakowa w zasobie bibliotecznym Archiwum Narodowego w Krakowie. Wstępne rozpoznanie, analiza proweniencji
Authors: Lesiak-Przybył Bożena
Published: July 2021

Early printed books from the Krakow Town Archives of Former Records in the resources of the National Archives in Krakow. Initial investigation, provenance analysis

The collection of early printed books stored in the National Archives in Krakow has not been processed so far. This article aims to approximate the current state of knowledge regarding the contents of the collection. The historic book collection of the Archives, represented by both Polish and foreign printed books covering various subjects, numbers slightly over 650 works issued before 1801. Included in this number are 28 early printed books from the 16th century, 210 from the 17th century and 413 from the 18th century. The oldest one – Liber horarum canonicarum secundum veram rubricam sive notulam ecclesiae Cracoviensis – was issued in 1508 by the publishing house of Jan Haller in Krakow. The origins of the early printed books vary – they come from donations, acquisitions of archival materials as well as purchases. The greatest number come from donations, with the following donors worthy of special mention: Ambroży Grabowski, Józef Seruga and Franciszek Biesiadecki, as well as Józef Muczkowski, Karol Estreicher and others. An invaluable part of the collection (61 works) are the printed books from the library of Hieronim Pinocci (1612–1676), a merchant, royal secretary and diplomat, acquired from the town archives at the end of the 19th century. Many works, especially those concerning the history of Krakow, were also purchased using the funds of the Archives. The early printed books gathered in the library of the National Archives in Krakow create a particularly valuable collection, which may also be a source of information concerning provenance.
Archiwum zakładowe Izby Administracji Skarbowej w Krakowie. Organizacja i zasób archiwalny
Authors: Adamski Dariusz , Amrogowicz Anna , Białobrzeski Mieczysław , Naprawca Dawid , Pliszczyńska Katarzyna
Published: July 2021

Archives of the Chamber of Fiscal Administration in Krakow. Organisation and archival resources
The archives of the Chamber of Fiscal Administration in Krakow is an independent unit within the structure of the Malopolska fiscal administration. It was established in 2015 based on the employment archives and repository of fiscal records of the Chamber and all tax offices in the Malopolska region, and in 2017 its resources were expanded by the consolidated records of customs and fiscal control offices from the region. At the end of 2020, the archives of the Chamber in Krakow possessed approx. 45,000 metres of records, including around 550 metres of archival documentation. They were taken care of by 25 employees, working in 35 locations and 131 storage rooms throughout the whole region. They include records from a total of 501 organisational units, in which approx. 4,700 clerks and officers worked.The resources of the archives of the Chamber in Krakow consist, to a significant extent, of documentation created by tax and customs bodies in the last dozen years or so, however, the archival materials also include numerous records of bodies that no longer exist, most frequently legal predecessors of, among others, the Regional Liquidation Office in Krakow, the Control-Review Inspectorate in Krakow, the Regional Board of State Income and Financial Control in Krakow, and financial departments of various national council bureaus e.g. the Krakow-Old Town District National Council Bureau or the Directorate of Customs in Krakow.
Armenia in Ptolemy’s Geography (ca. AD 150): A “Parody” of His Work? Some Corrections and Suggestions
Authors: Geus Klaus
Published: July 2021

Ptolemyʾs Geographike Hyphegesis (Introduction to Geography) (ca. AD 150) consists of a huge and invaluable stock of topographical information. More than 6,000 toponyms are even defined by coordinates. Nevertheless, Ptolemyʾs cities are often misplaced or pop up more than once in his maps. This is especially true with his confusing description of Armenia (geogr. 5.13), which caused a modern scholar to call it a ‘parody’ of his work and method. This paper aims at clarifying the basic error in all of Ptolemyʾs coordinates and proposes some explanations and corrections for his Armenian toponyms.
Parthian-Armenian Relations from the 2nd Century BCE to the Second Half of the 1st Century CE
Authors: Dąbrowa Edward
Published: July 2021

The aim of this paper is to present Parthian-Armenian relations from the end of the 2nd century BCE to the so-called Treaty of Rhandeia (63 CE). This covers the period from the first contact of both states to the final conclusion of long-drawn-out military conflicts over Armenia between the Arsacids ruling the Parthian Empire and Rome. The author discusses reasons for the Parthian involvement in Armenia during the rule of Mithradates II and various efforts of the Arsacids to win control over this area. He also identifies three phases of their politics towards Armenia in the discussed period.
Armenia and Iran: The Birth of Two Nations in Late Antiquity
Authors: Daryaee Touraj
Published: July 2021

This paper discusses the idea of Armenian and Iranian identity in 3rd century CE. It is proposed that the bordering region of the Armeno-Iranian world, such as that of the Siwnik‘ and its house saw matters very differently from that of the Armenian kingdom. The Sasanians in return had a vastly different view of Armenia and Georgia as political entities, and used their differences to the benefit of their empire.
Narseh, Armenia, and the Paikuli Inscription
Authors: Cereti Carlo G.
Published: July 2021

Narseh son of Šābuhr I reigned from 293 to 302, once he had won the dynastic war that saw him opposing his grand-nephew, Wahrām III, he narrated the events in the great Paikuli inscription, which also contains the names of a long list of nobles and magnates, who paid obeisance to the new king. In Šābuhr’s inscription at Naqš-i Rustam Narseh bore the title of « King of Hindestān, Sagestān and Tūrān up to the seashore,” while later, likely under either Ohrmazd I or Wahrām I, he became King of the Armenians and stayed in office until 293, when he moved south to challenge his nephew’s right to the crown. Crossing the lower ranges of the Zagros mountains on his way to Mesopotamia, Narseh met the nobles loyal to his cause near the pass of Paikuli, about one hundred kilometres south of the modern city of Sulaimaniya. Recent archaeological excavations on the site have brought to light a number of new inscribed blocks that allow for a better understanding of the structure of the monument. In this paper the passages relative to Armenia will be presented and discussed, together with those containing the name of the goddess Anāhīd, whose cult was widely spread in Armenia.
The Roman Senate and Armenia (190 BC–AD 68)
Authors: Buongiorno Pierangelo
Published: July 2021

Even with the Principate, the Senate kept a major role in Rome’s diplomatic relations with Armenia. This paper will examine the extant evidence of the senatorial decrees, paying a spe­cial attention to the decrees dating to the reigns of Augustus and Tiberius. These decrees can be reconstructed analysing some relevant epigraphic texts (the Res Gestae divi Augusti, the Senatus consultum de Cn. Pisone patre, the Senatus consultum de honoribus Germanico decernendis) and a source of absolute importance as the Annales of Tacitus.
Politics, Ideology and Landscape: Early Christian Tigranakert in Artsakh
Authors: Petrosyan Hamlet
Published: July 2021

Tigranakert in Artsakh was founded at the end of 90s BC by the Armenian King Tigranes II the Great (95–55 BC) and in the Early Christian period continued to play a role of an important military-administrative and religious center. As аresult of excavations the Early Christian square of the Central district with two churches, remains of a monumental stela witha cross, as well as an Early Christian underground reliquary and a graveyard were unearthed.

The sepulchre-reliquary was opened under the floor of the small church of early Christian Square. It has only the eastern entrance. As had been shown by further excavations Saint Grigoris’s sepulchre-reliquary in Amaras also had an eastern entrance. Saint Stephanos’s reliquary in Vachar also has only an eastern entrance. All these three structures are dated from 5th–6th centuries. In early Christian East the only tomb that had an only eastern entrance is Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem.

Analysis of the data on Vachagan the Pious (end of 5th–early 6th centuries), king of Albania (which included since the middle of 5th century the eastern provinces of Greater Armenia – Artsakh and Utik), allows us to conclude that at the end of the 5th century the king initiated theecclesiastical reform, trying to link the origin of the Albanian church to Jerusalem. One ofthe manifestations of this reform was the creation of the legend of the Apostle Yeghisha arriving to Albania from Jerusalem. Comparative analysis of archaeological, architectural and written data leads to the conclusion that all three tombs with the single east entrance are the result of the reformist activity of Vachagan, and the idea of single eastern entrance, most likely, was taken from the tomb of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem.

A new approach to the localizations of Early Christian sanctuaries in and near Tigranakert allows to compare this sacred area with early Christian sacred topography of Jerusalem.
Armenien und Iberien zwischen Rom und Iran: wechselseitige Bezüge, parallele Entwicklungen
Authors: Stickler Timo
Published: July 2021

Das Ziel der Aufsätze in diesem Sammelband ist es, die Kontexte aufzuzeigen, innerhalb derer sich die Geschichte (Groß-)Armeniens in den Jahrhunderten vor und nach Christus entfaltet hat. Es handelt sich um geographische, politische und kulturelle Kontexte. Der folgende Beitrag unternimmt es hierbei, den Blick auf die Beziehungen zwischen Armenien und dem Königreich Iberien (Kʽartʽli) zu richten. Iberien, gelegen zwischen Kolchis und Albanien, war die mittlere der drei antiken südkaukasischen Landschaften, die sich nördlich von Armenien zwischen dem Schwarzen und dem Kaspischen Meer erstreckten. Heute befinden sich hier die Staaten Georgien und Aserbaidschan. In meinem Aufsatz richte ich den Fokus auf die wechselseitigen politischen Bezüge zwischen Armenien und Iberien in der Zeit der späten römischen Republik und der Kaiserzeit (1. Jh. v. Chr. bis 3. Jh. n. Chr.). Es geht mir insbesondere darum, auf Grundlage der griechisch-römischen, der iranischen und der kaukasischen (armenischen, georgischen) Quellen strukturelle Gemeinsamkeiten herauszuarbeiten, die unsere Überlieferung insgesamt kennzeichnen.
Armenia and the Land of the Mazkut‘ (3rd–5th Centuries AD): Written Sources and Archaeological Data
Authors: Gadjiev Murtazali S.
Published: July 2021

Since the early 4th century, ancient Armenian authors (P‘awstos Buzand, Movsēs Xorenac‘i, Agat‘angełos, Movsēs Dasxuranc‘i, the Ašxarac‘oyc) begin to mention the Land of the Mazk‘ut‘ (Arm. ašharh Mazk‘t‘acʻ), located in the East Caucasus. The Sarmato-Alan burial mounds of plain Daghestan of the 3rd–5th centuries (Lvov, Palasa-Syrt, etc.) are attributed to this ethnic community. In 216 AD these tribes invaded Armenia through the Derbent pass (Arm. durn Čoray) (Khorenatsi 2,65), and took part in the Armenian-Iranian war in the middle of the 3rd century.

At the beginning of the 4th century the post of “bdeašx from the Mazk‘ut‘s” (Agatangełos. 874) appears in administrative apparatus of Armenia, which shows the military and strategic value of the Land of Mazk‘ut‘s. At the same time, the family dynastic ties are apparently established between the ruling houses of Armenia and the kingdom of the Mazk‘ut‘ (Ašxen, Ašxadar, Trdat, Sanesan, Xosrow). The importance of this kingdom can be seen by the events of the 330s’—the struggle for the Armenian throne after the king Trdat’s death in c. 330 AD, in which the different tribes led by Sanesan, the King of the Mazk‘ut‘, took active part.

The discontinuance of the Mazk‘ut‘ burial mounds in the middle of the 5th century might be explained, on the one hand, by the possible annexation of the Mazk‘ut‘ by the Huns during the invasion of Transcaucasia and the seizure of the Derbent pass in circa 440 AD; on the other hand, by the subsequent forceful displacement of the Mazk‘ut‘s and the Huns from the territory to the south of Derbent along with the strengthening of Sasanian Iran in the East Caucasus in the 440s’ and regain of control over the Derbent pass, which can be traced both in written sources (Ełishe, History of Karka de Beth Selok) and fortification monuments (mud-brick fortifications of Derbent and Torpakh-kala).
Bridging the Divide: Marriage Politics across the Caucasus
Authors: Fabian Lara
Published: July 2021

The early relationships between the polities of Armenia and K‘art‘li in the South Caucasus and their neighbours in the North Caucasus is a central, but underappreciated, factor in the development of the South Caucasus’ social and political world in the Hellenistic period. Typically, only military aspects of these interactions are considered (e.g., Alan raids and control thereof). Hazy evidence of cross-Caucasus marriage alliances preserved in both the Armenian and Georgian historiographic traditions, however, hints at a far wider sphere of interaction, despite the inherent challenges in gleaning historical reality from these medieval accounts. This paper contextualizes two stories of cross-Caucasus marriage related to foundational dynastic figures in the Armenian and Georgian traditions, Artašēs and P‘arnavaz respectively, within a wider body of evidence for and thought about North-South Caucasus interaction. Taken as a whole, this consideration argues that North-South relationships should be seen as integral to the political development of the South Caucasus.
The Archives of Artaxata: Archival Practice in the Capital of Ancient Armenia
Authors: Schreiber Torben
Published: July 2021

This article examines the seal impressions from Artaxata discovered in 1979/80 during excavations carried out by the Armenian Academy of Sciences on Hills V and VIII. As the archive on Hill VIII is quite small with only 20 to 25 seal impressions, the focus of this paper lies on the approximately 8,000 seal impressions found on hill V. The complex was dated to the period from 180 BC to 59 AD and it was assumed that it was a “private” archive or a kind of “chancellery.” An analysis of the finds in a wider context and the comparison with other archival complexes of the Hellenistic period as well as an examination of the characteristic features of “official” seals (size, image, shape, number of impressions) leads to the conclusion that it must have been a public archive, most probably it is the city archive of Artaxata.
Napływ ludności do kolonii fryderycjańskich na terenie Polski Środkowej i jej późniejsze przemiany
Authors: Cepil Monika
Published: July 2021

Influx of population to the Frederician colonies in central Poland and its subsequent transformations The author made an attempt to present the demographic aspects of the Frederician colonization in central Poland within the present Łódź Voivodeship. In the first section of the paper, analyses in the field of historical geography dealt with the formation of colonies at the turn of the 18/19th century. Based on archival sources, the dynamics, number and origin of incoming population were shown. The second section of the paper contains an analysis of the demographic development of Frederician settlements till their end in 1945. The research included e. g. comparisons of the lists of German settlers drawn up for selected time periods.
Inwestycje w kapitał ludzki w ramach polityki spójności a rozwój regionalny
Authors: Biedka Wanda
Published: July 2021

Investments in human capital within the cohesion policy and their impact on regional development
The aim of this paper is to systematize the existing literature on the effects of cohesion policy and specifically on the effectiveness of public investments in human capital through typology of research. The conclusions are used to give recommendations both for the academic as well as the public sector. There is a need for long-term statistical and macroeconomic analyses as well as in-depth qualitative research on the quality of interventions and differences between different types of investments. While there is a lot of potential in human capital investments to stimulate regional development, they are not a sole key to success and should rather be considered as part of a horizontal and complex development strategy.
Grey market of gambling in Poland – Counteraction and Forecasts
Authors: Wiśniewski Piotr
Published: July 2021

The article relates to the dynamics of change of the grey market of gambling in Poland. The meaning of legal regulations concerning organisation of gambling and gaming tax within the mechanism to prevent shadow economy of gambling constitute the basic research issue. Its purpose is to identify legal solutions that effectively protect public finance. A broad definition of the phenomenon of the grey market of gambling comprising distortion of the market competitiveness mechanism for the business makes allowance for its consequence in the form of tax gap, which is a real loss for the public finance. Multidimensional, complex nature of gambling justifies diversification of test methodology and application of a dogmatic-legal method. The selected model of scientific cognition is based on an intuitive-synthetic assumption that the gambling matter is not completely recognisable due to the dynamics of the occurring processes. The available statistical works that give rise to the conclusions related to the effectives of the adopted legal solutions have empirical value. The efficiency of legal solutions enhancing the attractiveness of legal gambling activities, which guarantee cash flow transparency and ensure safety of gamers has been confirmed. Creating optimal conditions for conducting legal gambling activity is of basic importance when it comes to combating shadow economy of gambling. Decreasing tax rates along with tax bases has a stimulating impact on the increase of the number of entities operating in a legal manner on the gambling market. Prohibitive solutions related to determination of the access to legal gambling services inadequate in relation to the demand fail to comprise efficient counteraction measures for the grey market of gambling. The absence of unambiguous criteria for estimation of the size of the grey market of gambling limits the cognitive possibilities. The available data allow for an optimistic conclusion that the grey market of gambling in Poland is gradually decreased. However, the forecasts exclude the anticipated elimination of the entire phenomenon, making allowance for cross-border nature of games on the Internet, technological progress used by the unfair businesses and difficulties of legislative process in the scope of gambling. The author of the paper hopes that the presented considerations may comprise material helpful in the course of further scientific research.
Wszystko za Everest Jona Krakauera w kontekście głównych założeń Nowego Nowego Dziennikarstwa
Authors: Żyrek-Horodyska Edyta
Published: July 2021

Into Thin Air by Jon Krakauer in the Context of the Main Features of New New Journalism The aim of this article is to present Jon Krakauer’s reportage Into Thin Air in the context of the main features of New New Journalism. The author critically discusses the most important elements of this paradigm, which refers on the one hand to the legacy of muckrakers from the beginning of 20th-century, and on the other hand – to the tradition of American reporters from the 1960s and 1970s. Detailed research was devoted to the Krakauer’s book Into Thin Air, which has been described as a journalistic syncretic form, combining elements of auto-reportage, immersive reportage and paraliterature.
Kobieta wyzwolona jako przykład emancypacji prezentowany w programie „Warsaw Shore: Ekipa z Warszawy”
Authors: Rybka Sławomir
Published: July 2021

A liberated woman as an example of emancipation presented in the TV show "Warsaw Shore: Ekipa z Warszawy”
MTV is a TV channel that has had a revolutionary impact on the development of pop culture. This station, which initially broadcast only videoclips, under the influence of the development of the Internet, especially YouTube, was forced to change its profile. Nowadays MTV is dominated by reality shows, some of which are very controversial. In Poland, “Warsaw Shore: Ekipa z Warszawy” – local version of the American “Jersey Shore” format, is very popular. That TV show presents a specific woman’s image, which has been described as a “liberated woman”. Analysing 12 seasons of that show, seven main characteristics that make up the image were identified.
Africa’s Capital Cities: Tourism Research in Search of Capitalness
Authors: Rogerson Christian M , Rogerson Jayne M
Published: July 2021

Although African cities are significant tourism destinations scholarship on African tourism is rural biased. This paper centres on one aspect of the neglected urban tourism research agenda of Africa, namely the state of tourism research in Africa’s national capital cities. A review of extant research is conducted on tourism in Africa’s capital cities. It pinpoints an upturn of research over the past decade with a concentration of scholarly contributions on a small group of cities and with many capitals lacking any research on aspects of the local tourism industry. Prominent thematic foci in research on capital cities are tourism and planning related issues and the development and impacts of various forms of niche tourism, most commonly of heritage and culture. Only minimally represented in Africa literature is investigations of the role of ‘capitalness’ in defining and impacting the character of capital city tourism. Arguably, therefore, Africa’s capital cities provide the setting for examining a variety of issues in tourism and hospitality research albeit that ‘capital city tourism’ is scarcely evident in contemporary scholarship about urban Africa.
Service quality in higher education: Applying HEdPERF scale in Vietnamese universities
Authors: Tri Le Dinh Minh , Lam Tran Thi Hoang , Trang Nguyen Quang
Published: July 2021

As the higher education sector is more competitive and globalized, service quality and student satisfaction are increasingly essential and attract more attention. However, research on this topic usually employed general service models applied for the higher education context. This paper investigates the service quality in higher education by combining the HEdPERF model and the popular two-dimensional service quality model to link the general and context-focused perspective. Data were obtained from 335 respondents who are students in Vietnamese universities. Findings indicate the effects of functional and technical service quality on student satisfaction and determine each HEdPERF dimension’s relationships on the two dimensions of service quality. This study contributes to understanding the path from service performance in the higher education sector, service quality dimensions, and satisfaction. This also provides suggestions for Vietnamese universities in improving their performance and services.
The cost effectiveness of aging in place: A literature review
Authors: Loi Nguyen Tan , Dung Nguyen Tien , Quang Ho Nhut
Published: July 2021

The objective of this paper is to discover the evidence supporting or refuting the cost-effectiveness of Assisted Living Technology (ALT) in aging in place of older adults through a comprehensive presentation of cost studies and economic analyses. The search was conducted on two main databases for health economic valuation: The NHS economic valuation database (NHS EED) and the health economic valuation database (HEED). The study was evaluated using the protocol required by Campbell and Cochrane Economic Methods. As an aging society evolves, the need for long-term care services increases. The prevalence of chronic diseases increases in the older population; seniors may have to abandon their bative social life and need long-term care in a nursing home. Aging is a global phenomenon. Asia is aging rapidly. By 2030, the number of Asians aged 65 and over will increase from the current 300 million to 565 million. By 2050, this number will increase to 900 million, about one-sixth of the number of people in Asia. Aging trends are regional, but demographic changes are diverse. Countries such as Japan, South Korea, Singapore, and China, whose populations are steadily aging, are in extreme situations. Research has shown that ALT can reduce costs in some cases, but with little precise data and low quality. Later developments, e.g., capacity methods, should be used for further research. Qualitative research is needed to assess the cost-effectiveness of ALT before making reliable conclusions about the application.
Nonlinear Dynamics Identification of the Oculo-Motor System based on Eye Tracking Data
Authors: Pavlenko Vitaliy , Shamanina Tetiana , Chori Vladislav
Published: July 2021

Instrumental computing and software tools have been developed for constructing a nonlinear dynamic model of the human oculo-motor system (OMS) based on the data of input–output experiments using test visual stimuli and innovative technology eye tracking. For identification the Volterra model is used in the form of multidimensional transient functions of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd orders, taking into account the inertial and nonlinear properties of the OMS. Software tools for processing eye tracking data developed in the Matlab environment are tested on real data from an experimental study of OMS.
A la sombra del dragón. Interdependencia asimétrica de China con Ecuador y Costa Rica
Authors: Herrera-Vinelli Lorena
Published: July 2021

El panorama global del siglo XXI está marcado por la consolidación de China como la segunda economía mundial. A medida que se afianza su penetración en Latinoamérica, Ecuador y Costa Rica alcanzan alianzas estratégicas con el gigante asiático. No obstante, tal relación comercial se caracteriza por una profunda asimetría. Lorena Herrera-Vinelli busca revelar cómo la influencia china, derivada de su poderío económico, incide en un ámbito muy particular: las votaciones de los dos países latinoamericanos en la Asamblea General de Naciones Unidas (AGNU). Para ello sistematiza y estudia nada menos que 1030 resoluciones votadas a lo largo de 15 períodos ordinarios de sesiones, entre 2001 y 2015. Sus hallazgos son el corazón de este libro, pues en ellos se observa cuáles son los temas cruciales para la potencia asiática, qué posturas adopta en tales debates en el seno de la AGNU, y cómo Ecuador y Costa Rica se alinean o se apartan de dichas tomas de posición. La autora muestra, además, cuáles son los resquicios de negociación que les quedan a los Estados pequeños al tratar con un socio de esta envergadura. Se trata de un libro de interés para quienes buscan una panorámica sobre la geopolítica contemporánea y, de modo particular, para quienes estudian los vínculos entre China y América Latina.
DAMAGE CAUSED BY LARVAE OF MINING FLY (PHYTOMYZA AGROMYZINA MEIGEN, 1830) TO DOGWOODS IN URBAN GREEN SPACES
Authors:   Belarusian State University, Lazarenko Marina V. , Buga Sergey V. ,   Belarusian State University
Published: July 2021

According to the results of the investigations, carried out in 2017–2020 in the green spaces of cities in Belarus, the damage caused by larvae of Phytomyza agromyzina Meigen, 1830 to Siberian dogwood (Cornus alba L.) and blood twig dogwood (Cornus sanguinea (L.) Opiz), based on determining the relative area of damaged leaf surface, was assessed. The values of this parameter for individual leaf blades varied in the range from 0.86 to 63.58 %, while the average for the samples did not exceed 24.47 %. The total area of Ph. agromyzina mines on individual Cornus leaf blades ranged from 0.23 to 3.65 cm2. Using the nonparametric Mann–Whitney and Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests, the differences in medians and the integral differences between the samples were estimated. These values were not statistically significant when comparing data for Minsk and Vitebsk, and different years for both C. alba and C. sanguinea. However, in the values of the relative area of the damaged surface between the samples of both Cornus species the differences were statistically significant (p <0.05).
METHODS OF THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE INSECT SPECIES COMPOSITION IN DIFFERENT HABITATS USING THE SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENT R
Authors:   Vitebsk State University named after P. M. Masherova, Sushko Gennadi G.
Published: July 2021

Analysis of publications on the ecology of communities, in focus insects, over the past five years, available in the international database PubMed Central, showed that the most common scheme for assessing the species composition of different habitats are comparison using multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) and ANOSIM test, visualization of the differences using ordination (NMDS). The scheme is completed by identifying the species that are most responsible for the differences in the samples, using the IndVal and SIMPER procedures. All these methods can be implemented in the R software environment, which is currently a generally recognized standard in scientific publications in the world. The presented article includes a brief overview of the methods of comparative analysis of the insect species composition. The program code for this implementation in R using the results of our own research is also given.