PREGNANCY AND BIRTH OUTCOMES IN WOMEN DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors:   Izhevsk State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Izhevsk, Russia, Popova Nataliya , Sokolova Natalia ,   Ministry of Health of the Udmurt Republic, Izhevsk, Russia, Popov Aleksey ,   Russian Research Institute of Health, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Ivanova Maisa ,   Russian Research Institute of Health, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Sokolova Varvara ,   Izhevsk State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Izhevsk, Russia
Published: October 2024

Significance. The consequences of Covid-19 coronavirus infection, including in pregnant women, are currently being studied in depth. Analyzing pathological conditions in women during pregnancy against the background of Covid-19 and the outcomes of birth is important for understanding the consequences of the pandemic. A study on health status of pregnant women and the outcomes of birth makes it possible to develop targeted interventions to prevent undesirable consequences and to preserve the life of women and newborns. The purpose of the study is to analyze pregnancy and birth outcomes in women with Covid -19. Material and methods. The authors analyzed the archived labour and delivery records for 2020-2021 at the City Clinical Hospital No.7 of the Ministry of Health of the Udmurt Republic and Maternity Hospital No.5 in Izhevsk, repurposed to provide medical care to pregnant women, women in labor, new mothers and newborns with Covid -19. Analytical and statistical methods of research were applied. Results. The study shows that during the Covid-19 pandemic, Covid-19 incidence among pregnant women also increased. Premature births were most often (increased from 16.2% in 2020 to 18.1% in 2021) registered in women admitted to Maternity Hospital No.5 in Izhevsk. Over the same period, delivery by caesarean section increased from 40.2% to 49.7%. An increase in cases of severe coronavirus infection in pregnant women (from 1.6% in 2020 to 4.7% in 2021) and confirmed cases of Covid -19 in newborns immediately after birth (from 73.9% in 2020 to 80.3% in 2021) is noteworthy. Covid -19 was increasingly associated with severe pre-eclampsia (from 8.5% in 2020 to 11.7% in 2021) and an increase in stillbirths (from 16.9 in 2020 to 23.1 per 1000 births in 2021). In this regard, the frequency of hospitalization of pregnant women to the intensive care unit increased from 3.4% to 7.8%. Conclusion. In the period from 2020-2021 in the Udmurt Republic there was an increase in the frequency of hospitalization of pregnant women to the intensive care unit, as well as delivery by caesarean section. Against the background of severe course of Covid-19 coronavirus infection, there was an increase in the number of transfers of women to the intensive care unit (from 17.4% in 2020 to 20.2% in 2021), premature births (from 16.2% in 2020 to 18.1% in 2021), thromboembolic complications (from 0 in 2020 to 5.8% in 2021) and other complications of pregnancy, emphasizing the need to analyze cases of diseases in comparison with the labour and delivery medical records to develop preventive measures. Scope of application. The study results can be used in the development of preventive measures.