bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Solar Energy Management Using a V-Groove: An Approach Based on a Multiple Optical Path Algorithm
Authors: Kawtharani Fadel , Serio Bruno , Guida Geraldine , Twardowski Patrice , Hammoud Mohammad
Published: September 2022

Angular and spectral separations of thermal radiation have become a key challenge in solar concentration or thermal management of sources radiating at extremely high or low temperatures. Reflections obtained from electromagnetic theory in an open cavity geometry increase the emission and absorption compared to a flat surface due to the cavity effect. In this paper, in order to obtain the directional emission of geometric surfaces (V-Grooves) using ray tracing and studying the propagation of light, a new algorithm is developed. The numerical simulations take into account the materials properties of both facets of the V-shape, thus simulating an original asymmetric and a multilayer V-shape and providing a very interesting directive thermal emission behavior. We evaluated the emission behavior from the reflection and emission coefficients of different rays at different angles for different parameters (materials properties, wavelength, and geometry). The simulations of a V-groove showed that due to the different reflections occurring inside an aluminum V-cavity with an aperture angle of 28°, the emissivity was well enhanced by 86% in the normal direction compared to a flat surface made of the same material. Moreover, using the original asymmetric opposite-sided materials (Al and Si) in a V- groove, it was possible to separate and control the emission by focusing the radiation or directing different spectral bands in different directions.
The Future of Destination Marketing Organizations in the Insight Era
Authors: Huang Arthur , De la Mora Velasco Efrén , Haney Adam , Alvarez Sergio
Published: September 2022

There has been a growing interest in examining the implementation of insight-era technologies (e.g., AI, social media) and big data for sustainable tourism development. However, actionable guidelines to promote a holistic adaptation and the effective functioning of destination marketing/management organizations (DMOs) in the increasingly data-infused world are still needed. This perspective paper posits a research-based framework that DMOs can use to become more responsive and efficient in their marketing and planning efforts in the current AI-infused world. Four propositions are presented to support DMOs’ transition to the insight-era: (a) DMOs’ organizational adaptations and workforce development and training, (b) active engagement with destinations’ stakeholders and data sharing, (c) leverage user-generated data and emergent technologies for destination marketing, and (d) DMOs’ data-driven decision making.
Biodegradation of Dibutyl Phthalate by the New Strain Acinetobacter baumannii DP-2
Authors: Li Cheng , Liu Chunjing , Li Rongzhen , Liu Yue , Xie Jianzhi , Li Bowen
Published: September 2022

Optimizing the culture conditions of DBP degradation by bacteria and investigating its biodegradation pathways have a great importance to develop effective PAEs pollution control strategies. In this study, we investigated the cultivation condition optimization, degradation kinetics, and degradation pathways of a newly isolated dibutyl phthalate (DBP) degradation strain, which was isolated from activated sludge and identified as Acinetobacter baumannii DP-2 via morphological observation, biochemical identification, and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The degradation conditions were optimized based on the results of single-factor experiments and response surface optimization experiments. The DBP degradation rate of Acinetobacter baumannii DP-2 reached up to 85.86% when the inoculation amount was 17.14%, the DBP concentration was 9.81 mg·L−1 and the NaCl concentration was 5 g·L−1. The GC-MS analysis results indicated that the intermediate metabolites of Acinetobacter baumannii DP-2 mainly consisted of DMP, MBP, PA, and benzoic acid derivatives, which confirmed the degradation pathway from DBP to PA under aerobic pathway and then to BA under anaerobic pathway. In summary, Acinetobacter baumannii DP-2 shows great potential for the degradation of DBP in contaminated soils.
Association of Duration of Smoking Cessation or Cumulative Smoking Amount with Serum hs-CRP Level in Korean Adults: A Nationwide Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Cho Ju-Hye , Lee Duk-Chul , Lee Hye-Jun
Published: September 2022

This study investigates the association between the duration of smoking cessation or cumulative smoking amount with serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels. We assessed the decreasing risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer following smoking cessation in Korean adults who were former smokers compared with current smokers. This study used data from the 2016–2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 5411 participants were included. The duration of smoking cessation and cumulative smoking amount were classified into cut-offs for 6 and 17 months, and 5 and 20 pack-years, respectively, using tertile values. Elevated serum hs-CRP level was defined as ≥1 mg/L. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. The odds ratio (OR) for elevated serum hs-CRP level was 0.73 times lower in the group whose duration of smoking cessation was 17 months or more than that in the group who were current smokers after adjusting for confounding variables (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.57–0.92; p < 0.01). The OR for elevated serum hs-CRP level was 0.71 and 0.67 times lower in the groups whose cumulative smoking amounts were less than 5 and 5–20 pack-years than that in the group who were current smokers (95% CI: 0.50–0.99 and 0.50–0.92, respectively; both p < 0.05). This study reveals that a duration of smoking cessation of more than 17 months and a cumulative smoking amount of less than 20 pack-years were significantly associated with a decreased risk of elevated serum hs-CRP levels in Korean adults who were former smokers. Therefore, quitting smoking early and a low cumulative smoking amount are a potential preventive strategy for CVD and cancer that can be easily accessible using serum hs-CRP.
Deoxynivalenol Induces Apoptosis via FOXO3a-Signaling Pathway in Small-Intestinal Cells in Pig
Authors: Kang Tae Hong , Kang Kyung Soo , Lee Sang In
Published: September 2022

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin that is found in feed ingredients derived from grains such as corn and wheat. Consumption of DON-contaminated feed has been shown to cause damage to the intestine, kidneys, and liver. However, the molecular mechanism by which DON exerts its effect in the small intestine is not completely understood. As a result, we profiled gene expression in intestinal epithelial cells treated with DON and examined the molecular function in vitro. We hypothesized that DON could induce apoptosis via the FOXO3a-signaling pathway in intestinal epithelial cells based on these findings. DON induced the apoptosis and the translocation of FOXO3a into the nucleus. Moreover, the inhibiting of FOXO3a alleviated the apoptosis and expression of apoptosis-related genes (TRAL, BCL-6, CASP8, and CASP3). ERK1/2 inhibitor treatment suppressed the translocation of FOXO3a into the nucleus. Our discovery suggests that DON induces apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells through the FOXO3a-signaling pathway.
Phosphate Glass Detectors for Heavy Ion Identification
Authors: Burtebayev Nassurlla , Chernyavskiy Mikhail , Gippius Alexei , Kalinina Galina , Konovalova Nina , Nassurlla Marzhan , Kvochkina Tatyana , Nassurlla Maulen , Okateva Natalia , Pan Andrey , Polukhina Natalia , Sadykov Zhakypbek , Shchedrina Tatiana , Starkov Nikolay , Starkova Elena , Zasavitskii Ivan
Published: September 2022

The problem of the boundaries of the Mendeleev table of chemical elements is closely related to the understanding of the properties of nuclear matter. In this regard, the synthesis of superheavy nuclei on accelerators and the registration of their decay products are of fundamental scientific interest. The Joint Institute of Nuclear Research in Dubna (JINR) conducts research on the synthesis of superheavy nuclei on the new DC-280 cyclotron (the Factory of Superheavy Elements). As part of the development of this experiment, the possibility of using phosphate glass as a material for detectors of heavy and superheavy nuclei is being considered. This issue requires test experiments to study the recording properties of the glass at different irradiation and treatment conditions. The article presents a method for identifying heavy ions in phosphate glass detectors under various conditions by the geometric characteristics of ion tracks. The results obtained indicate the possibility of using the KNFS-3 phosphate glass detectors for registration and identification of accelerated superheavy nuclei.
Jittering Jets by Negative Angular Momentum Feedback in Cooling Flows
Authors: Soker Noam
Published: September 2022

I apply the jittering jets in a cooling flow scenario to explain the two pairs of bubbles in the cooling flow galaxy cluster RBS 797 which are perpendicular to each other and almost coeval, and conclude that the interaction of the jets with the cold dense clumps that feed the supermassive black hole (SMBH) takes place in the zone where the gravitational influence of the SMBH and that of the cluster are about equal. According to the jittering jets in a cooling flow scenario, jets uplift and entrain cold and dense clumps, impart the clumps’ velocity perpendicular to the original jets’ direction, and ‘drop’ them closer to the jets’ axis. The angular momentum of these clumps is at a very high angle compared to the original jets’ axis. When these clumps feed the SMBH in the next outburst (jet-launching episode) the new jets’ axis might be at a high angle to the axis of the first pair of jets. I apply this scenario to recent observations that show the two perpendicular pairs of bubbles in RBS 797 have a small age difference of <10 Myr, and conclude that the jets–clumps interaction takes place at a distance of about ≈10–100 pc from the SMBH. Interestingly, in this zone, the escape velocity from the SMBH is about equal to the sound speed of the intracluster medium (ICM). I mention two other clusters of galaxies and discuss the implications of this finding.
Probing Our Universe’s Past Using Earth’s Geological and Climatological History and Shadows of Galactic Black Holes
Authors: Oikonomou V. K. , Tsyba Pyotr , Razina Olga
Published: September 2022

In this short review, we discuss how Earth’s climatological and geological history and also how the shadows of galactic black holes might reveal our Universe’s past evolution. Specifically we point out that a pressure singularity that occurred in our Universe’s past might have left its imprint on Earth’s geological and climatological history and on the shadows of cosmological black holes. Our approach is based on the fact that the H0 tension problem may be resolved if some sort of abrupt physics change occurred in our Universe 70–150 Myrs ago, an abrupt change that deeply affected the Cepheid parameters. We review how such an abrupt physics change might have been caused in our Universe by a smooth passage of it through a pressure finite-time singularity. Such finite-time singularities might occur in modified gravity and specifically in F(R) gravity, so we show how modified gravity might drive this type of evolution, without resorting to peculiar cosmic fluids or scalar fields. The presence of such a pressure singularity can distort the elliptic trajectories of bound objects in the Universe, causing possible geological and climatological changes on Earth, if its elliptic trajectory around the Sun might have changed. Also, such a pressure singularity affects directly the circular photon orbits around supermassive galactic black holes existing at cosmological redshift distances, thus the shadows of some cosmological black holes at redshifts z≤0.01, might look different in shape, compared with the SgrA* and M87* supermassive black holes. This feature however can be checked experimentally in the very far future.
Non-Human Primate Models of HIV Brain Infection and Cognitive Disorders
Authors: Byrnes Sarah J. , Angelovich Thomas A. , Busman-Sahay Kathleen , Cochrane Catherine R. , Roche Michael , Estes Jacob D. , Churchill Melissa J.
Published: September 2022

Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorders are a major burden for people living with HIV whose viremia is stably suppressed with antiretroviral therapy. The pathogenesis of disease is likely multifaceted, with contributions from viral reservoirs including the brain, chronic and systemic inflammation, and traditional risk factors including drug use. Elucidating the effects of each element on disease pathogenesis is near impossible in human clinical or ex vivo studies, facilitating the need for robust and accurate non-human primate models. In this review, we describe the major non-human primate models of neuroHIV infection, their use to study the acute, chronic, and virally suppressed infection of the brain, and novel therapies targeting brain reservoirs and inflammation.
A Critical Analysis of the Use of Cilgavimab plus Tixagevimab Monoclonal Antibody Cocktail (Evusheld™) for COVID-19 Prophylaxis and Treatment
Authors: Focosi Daniele , Casadevall Arturo
Published: September 2022

Evusheld® (tixagevimab + cilgavimab; AZD7442) was the first anti-Spike monoclonal antibody (mAb) cocktail designed not only for treatment but also with pre-exposure prophylaxis in mind. The immunoglobulins were engineered for prolonged half-life by modifying the Fc fragment, thus creating a long-acting antibody (LAAB). We review here preclinical development, baseline and treatment-emergent resistance, clinical efficacy from registration trials, and real-world post-marketing evidence. The combination was initially approved for pre-exposure prophylaxis at the time of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC wave based on a trial conducted in unvaccinated subjects when the Alpha VOC was dominant. Another trial also conducted at the time of the Alpha VOC wave proved efficacy as early treatment in unvaccinated patients and led to authorization at the time of the BA.4/5 VOC wave. Tixagevimab was ineffective against any Omicron sublineage, so cilgavimab has so far been the ingredient which has made a difference. Antibody monotherapy has a high risk of selecting for immune escape variants in immunocompromised patients with high viral loads, which nowadays represent the main therapeutic indication for antibody therapies. Among Omicron sublineages, cilgavimab was ineffective against BA.1, recovered efficacy against BA.2 and BA.2.12.1, but lost efficacy again against BA.4/BA.5 and BA.2.75. Our analysis indicated that Evusheld® has been used during the Omicron VOC phase without robust clinical data of efficacy against this variant and suggested that several regulatory decisions regarding its use lacked consistency. There is an urgent need for new randomized controlled trials in vaccinated, immunocompromised subjects, using COVID-19 convalescent plasma as a control arm.
Cell Compartment-Specific Folding of Ty1 Long Terminal Repeat Retrotransposon RNA Genome
Authors: Zawadzka Małgorzata , Andrzejewska-Romanowska Angelika , Gumna Julita , Garfinkel David J. , Pachulska-Wieczorek Katarzyna
Published: September 2022

The structural transitions RNAs undergo during trafficking are not well understood. Here, we used the well-developed yeast Ty1 retrotransposon to provide the first structural model of genome (g) RNA in the nucleus from a retrovirus-like transposon. Through a detailed comparison of nuclear Ty1 gRNA structure with those established in the cytoplasm, virus-like particles (VLPs), and those synthesized in vitro, we detected Ty1 gRNA structural alterations that occur during retrotransposition. Full-length Ty1 gRNA serves as the mRNA for Gag and Gag-Pol proteins and as the genome that is reverse transcribed within VLPs. We show that about 60% of base pairs predicted for the nuclear Ty1 gRNA appear in the cytoplasm, and active translation does not account for such structural differences. Most of the shared base pairs are represented by short-range interactions, whereas the long-distance pairings seem unique for each compartment. Highly structured motifs tend to be preserved after nuclear export of Ty1 gRNA. In addition, our study highlights the important role of Ty1 Gag in mediating critical RNA–RNA interactions required for retrotransposition.
Anti-HBc IgG Responses Occurring at the Early Phase of Infection Correlate Negatively with HBV Replication in a Mouse Model
Authors: Wang Xuyang , Zhang Yumeng , Ben Yinyin , Qiu Chao , Wu Jing , Zhang Wenhong , Wan Yanmin
Published: September 2022

Anti-HBc IgG is usually recognized as a diagnostic marker of hepatitis B, while the functional role anti-HBc IgG in HBV infection has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we firstly investigated the relationship between the anti-HBc IgG responses and the replication of HBV using AAV8-1.3HBV infected C57BL/6N mice. Our data showed that the anti-HBc IgG responses at the early phase of infection correlated negatively with the concentrations of circulating HBsAg and HBV DNA at both the early and chronic phases of infection. This observation was confirmed by an independent experiment using AAV8-1.3HBV infected C57BL/6J mice. Furthermore, to comprehend the potential causal relationship between the anti-HBc IgG responses and HBV infection, mice were treated with an anti-HBc monoclonal antibody at three days post AAV8-1.3HBV infection. Our data showed that the anti-HBc mAb significantly suppressed the fold increase of circulating HBsAg level, and the protective effect was not affected by NK cell depletion. Collectively, our study demonstrated that anti-HBc antibodies occurring at the early phase of HBV infection may contribute to the constraint of the virus replication, which might be developed as an immunotherapy for hepatitis B.
Wild Bird Surveillance in the Gauteng Province of South Africa during the High-Risk Period for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Introduction
Authors: Abolnik Celia , Phiri Thandeka P. , van der Zel Gerbrand , Anthony Jade , Daniell Nadine , de Boni Liesl
Published: September 2022

Migratory birds carried clade 2.3.4.4B H5Nx highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses to South Africa in 2017, 2018 and 2021, where the Gauteng Province is a high-risk zone for virus introduction. Here, we combined environmental faecal sampling with sensitive rRT-PCR methods and direct Ion Torrent sequencing to survey wild populations between February and May 2022. An overall IAV incidence of 42.92% (100/231) in water bird faecal swab pools or swabs from moribund or dead European White Storks (Ciconia ciconia) was detected. In total, 7% of the IAV-positive pools tested H5-positive, with clade 2.3.4.4B H5N1 HPAI confirmed in the storks; 10% of the IAV-positive samples were identified as H9N2, and five complete H9N2 genomes were phylogenetically closely related to a local 2021 wild duck H9N2 virus, recent Eurasian LPAI viruses or those detected in commercial ostriches in the Western and Eastern Cape Provinces since 2018. H3N1, H4N2, H5N2 and H8Nx subtypes were also identified. Targeted surveillance of wild birds using environmental faecal sampling can thus be effectively applied under sub-Saharan African conditions, but region-specific studies should first be used to identify peak prevalence times which, in southern Africa, is linked to the peak rainfall period, when ducks are reproductively active.
Active and Passive Immunization with an Anti-Methamphetamine Vaccine Attenuates the Behavioral and Cardiovascular Effects of Methamphetamine
Authors: Haile Colin N. , Varner Kurt J. , Huijing Xia , Arora Reetakshi , Orson Frank M. , Kosten Thomas R. , Kosten Therese A.
Published: September 2022

Background: Methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) is a growing health concern with no FDA-approved treatment. The present series of studies build upon our previous work developing an anti-methamphetamine (MA) vaccine for MUD. We determined the effects of a formulation that included tetanus-toxoid (TT) conjugated to succinyl-methamphetamine (TT-SMA) adsorbed onto aluminum hydroxide (alum) in combination with the novel Toll-Like Receptor-5 agonist, entolimod. Methods: Mice were vaccinated (0, 3, 6 weeks) with TT-SMA+alum and various doses of entolimod to determine an optimal dose for enhancing immunogenicity against MA. Functional effects were then assessed using MA-induced locomotor activation in mice. Experiments using passive immunization of antibodies generated by the vaccine tested its ability to attenuate MA-induced cardiovascular effects and alter the reinforcing effects of MA in an MA-induced reinstatement of a drug seeking model of relapse in male and female rats. Results: Antibody levels peaked at 10 weeks following vaccination with TT-SMA+alum combined with entolimod (1, 3 and 10 μg). MA-induced locomotor activation was significantly attenuated in vaccinated vs. unvaccinated mice and antibody levels significantly correlated with ambulation levels. Passive immunization decreased mean arterial pressure following MA dosing in rats of both sexes but did not alter heart rate. Passive immunization also attenuated the ability of MA to reinstate extinguished drug-seeking behavior in male and female rats. Results support further development of this vaccine for relapse prevention for individuals with MUD.
Antibody Response against Circulating Omicron Variants 8 Months after the Third Dose of mRNA Vaccine
Authors: Anichini Gabriele , Terrosi Chiara , Gori Savellini Gianni , Gandolfo Claudia , Barbagli Francesca , Carta Giulio Alberto , Fabrizi Simonetta , Miceli Giovanni Battista , Cusi Maria Grazia
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19 wave is being recently propelled by BA.2 and, particularly, BA.5 lineages, showing clear transmission advantages over the previously circulating strains. In this study, neutralizing antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 Wild-Type, BA.2 and BA.5 Omicron sublineages were evaluated among vaccinees, uninfected or infected with Omicron BA.1 strain, 8 months after the third dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. The aim of this study was to compare the cross-protective humoral response to the currently circulating variant strains induced by vaccination, followed by Omicron infection in some subjects. Results showed a low antibody titer against all three variants in uninfected vaccinated subjects. On the other hand, vaccinated subjects, infected with BA.1 variant after receiving the third dose (about 40 days later), showed a strong response against both BA.2 and BA.5 strains, albeit with lower titers. This reinforces the concept that vaccination is fundamental to induce an adequate and protective immune response against SARS-CoV-2, but needs to be updated, in order to also widen the range of action towards emerging variants, phylogenetically distant from the Wuhan strain, against which the current formulation is targeted.
Distribution of Coronavirus Receptors in the Swine Respiratory and Intestinal Tract
Authors: Nelli Rahul , Roth James , Gimenez-Lirola Luis
Published: September 2022

Coronaviruses use a broad range of host receptors for binding and cell entry, essential steps in establishing viral infections. This pilot study evaluated the overall distribution of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), aminopeptidase N (APN), carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1), and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) receptors in the pig respiratory and intestinal tract. All the receptors evaluated in this study were expressed and differentially distributed through the respiratory and intestinal tract. The presence and expression levels of these receptors could determine susceptibility to coronavirus infections. This study may have important implications for the development of research models and the assessment of the potential risk and introduction of novel coronaviruses into the swine population.
Maternal and Fetal PI3K-p110α Deficiency Induces Sex-Specific Changes in Conceptus Growth and Placental Mitochondrial Bioenergetic Reserve in Mice
Authors: Pereira-Carvalho Daniela , Salazar-Petres Esteban , Lopez-Tello Jorge , Sferruzzi-Perri Amanda N.
Published: September 2022

Fetal growth is reliant on placental formation and function, which, in turn, requires the energy produced by the mitochondria. Prior work has shown that both mother and fetus operate via the phosphoinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-p110α signalling pathway to modify placental development, function, and fetal growth outcomes. This study in mice used genetic inactivation of PI3K-p110α (α/+) in mothers and fetuses and high resolution respirometry to investigate the influence of maternal and fetal PI3K-p110α deficiency on fetal and placental growth, in relation to placental mitochondrial bioenergetics, for each fetal sex. The effect of PI3K-p110α deficiency on maternal body composition was also determined to understand more about the maternal-driven changes in feto-placental development. These data show that male fetuses were more sensitive than females to fetal PI3K-p110α deficiency, as they had greater reductions in fetal and placental weight, when compared to their WT littermates. Placental weight was also altered in males only of α/+ dams. In addition, α/+ male, but not female, fetuses showed an increase in mitochondrial reserve capacity, when compared to their WT littermates in α/+ dams. Finally, α/+ dams exhibited reduced adipose depot masses, compared to wild-type dams. These findings, thus, demonstrate that maternal nutrient reserves and ability to apportion nutrients to the fetus are reduced in α/+ dams. Moreover, maternal and fetal PI3K-p110α deficiency impacts conceptus growth and placental mitochondrial bioenergetic function, in a manner dependent on fetal sex.
Online Estimation of Internal Short Circuit Resistance for Large-Format Lithium-Ion Batteries Combining a Reconstruction Method of Model-Predicted Voltage
Authors: Chen Anci , Zhang Weige , Sun Bingxiang , Li Hao , Fan Xinyuan
Published: September 2022

The resistance of the internal short-circuit (ISC) has a potential evolution trend accompanied by an increasing safety risk. Thus, an accurate online resistance estimation for the ISC is crucial for evaluating its safety risk and taking staged handling measures. Since the ISC battery mainly presents abnormal stage of charge (SOC) depletion behaviors, the SOC estimation processes based on state observers and battery models will act an important basis of the ISC resistance estimation problem. However, as it will be exhibited in this paper, when directly using the measured voltage of the ISC battery as the output variable of the state observer, the battery model error will limit the SOC estimation accuracy and further lead to very inaccurate or even divergent ISC resistance estimation results for large-format batteries, which present quite slight SOC depletion behaviors at the ISC state. To this end, this paper proposes a novel SOC and ISC resistance co-estimation method which combines a reconstruction method of the model-predicted voltage of the ISC battery. Experimental validations are carried out with a 37 Ah battery, results show that the proposed method which uses the reconstructed model-predicted voltage (RMPV) as the output variable of the state observer only present maximum estimation errors of 39.96 Ω and 2.00 Ω for the ISC resistances of 100 Ω and 10 Ω, respectively.
Pathways of Transition to Organic Agriculture in Morocco
Authors: El Ghmari Hamza , Harbouze Rachid , El Bilali Hamid
Published: September 2022

Agriculture is a vital sector in Morocco through its contribution to the gross domestic product (13%) and workforce (30%). However, the sector faces important sustainability challenges due to Morocco’s dependence on rain-fed crops for 90% of the production and its vulnerability to climate change. In this context, organic agriculture presents itself as a promising alternative to valorize production and mitigate climate change effects. This article describes the dynamics and development of the organic agriculture niche in Morocco through the lens of the Multi-Level Perspective (MLP) on socio-technical transitions. The MLP is a widely used framework that bases its analysis on transitions being the result of the interaction of niches, socio-technical regimes, and socio-technical landscape. Results of the literature review and semi-structured interviews show that, although the organic niche is relatively well established (11,000 ha of organic land area in 2019), it is still developing at a slower rate than expected due to multiple setbacks. While organic farming does solve many sustainability challenges that Moroccan agriculture faces, it still lacks the infrastructure and human capital to succeed as a niche. All in all, organic farming is still in the first transition stages and can follow a multitude of pathways before becoming relevant in the current agri-food system.
Komunikasi Interpersonal Orang tua dan Pendampingan Pastoral dalam Perkembangan Sikap Remaja Kristen
Authors: Sarwono Agoeng Tjahajani , Soerjantoro Edi , Silaen Riko
Published: September 2022

Adolescents was a period of crisis due to feelings change  (moody, depressed, insecure) behaviour change (getting alone, stubborn); lack of environment awareness such as refused adolescent advices, refused involve family activities, and  annoyed by information technology. This study aimed was to analysed the effect of parental interpersonal communication and pastoral assistance on Adolescents' Attitudes (age 10-18 years old) GSKI Jakarta. This research used a quantitative descriptive method. Total samples are 97 respondents includes parents, church administrators, Teens or Youth mentor GSKI Jakarta. Collecting data used form of questionnaire written in google form and distributed online. Processing data using multiple regression analyzed with SPSS 25 and T test. The results showed that parental interpersonal communication variable had regression coefficient value of 0.503 (Sig.) 0.000 < 0.05. The T test showed that t count (4,901) > t table (1.67528), However, Pastoral Assistance variable had regression coefficient value of 0.276 (Sig.) 0.002 < 0.05. The T test showed that t count 3.256 > t table (1.67528). Conclusion showed that  parental interpersonal communication and pastoral assistance had positive and significant influence on adolescents’ attitudes (10-18 years) GSKI Jakarta. Masa remaja merupakan masa krisis akibat perubahan pada perasaan (moody, perasaan tertekan dan tidak aman), perubahan perilaku (ingin menyendiri dan sulit diatur), kurangnya kesadaran terhadap lingkungan, seperti menolak mendengarkan nasihat, menolak terlibat dalam urusan keluarga; sering terpengaruh oleh perubahan teknologi informasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menelaah pengaruh komunikasi interpersonal orang tua dan pendampingan pastoral terhadap sikap remaja (10 -18 tahun) GSKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 97 responden, terdiri dari orang tua, pengerja gereja, pembina Teens dan Youth GSKI Jakarta. Desain metodologi penelitian ini berbasis kuestioner mengenai pendampingan pastoral dan sikap remaja yang dituangkan dalam format google (google form) dan disebarkan secara daring. Hasil menunjukkan variabel Komunikasi Interpersonal Orang tua mempunyai nilai koefisien regresi 0.503, (Sig.) 0.000 < 0.05; hasil uji T memperlihatkan t hitung 4.901 > t tabel (1.67528), Sedangkan, variabel Pendampingan Pastoral mempunyai nilai koefisien regresi 0.276, (Sig.) 0.002 < 0.05; dan hasil uji T memperlihatkan t hitung 3.256 > t tabel (1.67528). Kesimpulan memperlihatkan bahwa komunikasi interpersonal orang tua dan pendampingan pastoral memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap sikap remaja (10-18 tahun) GSKI Jakarta.
Das variáveis por trás dos excessos policiais: um estudo de caso
Authors: Fontana Filho Mauricio
Published: September 2022

A pesquisa trata da morte de Eric Garner e perscruta as circunstâncias e o meio em que ele estava inserido. A partir desta investigação inicial que compõe a primeira seção do artigo, trabalha-se na segunda com o movimento Black Lives Matter, sua origem, organização, objetivos e o impacto do uso de vídeo como mecanismo de mobilização social. Analisa-se os diversos contornos que o caso de Eric tomou ao longo dos anos e a sua contribuição para com o movimento. O método é o fenomenológico. Conclui-se apontando o vídeo como garantia de visibilidade da arbitrariedade que alimentaria o movimento por anos, até que em 25 de maio de 2020 um novo homem negro, George Floyd, morreria proferindo as mesmas palavras de Garner, reforçando ou substituindo-o como símbolo contra a brutalidade policial.
Turbulências à frente: discussões sobre saúde no trabalho a partir dos relatos de Comissários de Bordo
Authors: Abreu Coletto Kaick , Estevão-Rezende Yuri Alexandre , Dos Santos Alves Kerley
Published: September 2022

O Comissário de Bordo é o profissional que está em contato direto com os passageiros, responsável por recebê-los a bordo, pela hospitalidade e por zelar pela segurança de todos dentro da aeronave. Este profissional é visto no imaginário popular como alguém que viaja e conhece lugares, culturas e pessoas diferentes e ainda recebe por isso. Porém, as características tão singulares dessa profissão implicam diversas alterações no modo de vida e também na saúde desse trabalhador, seja de forma física, psicológica ou social. O objetivo do presente estudo foi discutir os aspectos da profissão e a relação saúde – doença laboral desses profissionais. A metodologia utilizada foi o levantamento teórico do assunto, aliado à aplicação de questionário aberto não-assistido a dez comissários de cinco companhias aéreas diferentes. A partir dos dados coletados, os resultados – dentro da amostra específica - comprovaram os impactos da profissão no cotidiano e também na saúde dos entrevistados: dores musculares, ressecamento da pele e vias nasais, estresse. Percebeu-se ainda, problemas relacionados a questões sociais, seja com a família, amigos e/ou parceiros (as).
Currículo Paulista Etapa Ensino Médio:educação pública, interesses empresariais e implicações
Authors: Goulart Débora Cristina , Soares Moimaz Rodolfo
Published: September 2022

Este artigo faz uma análise do Currículo Paulista Etapa Ensino Médio (CPEM). Para tal, realizamos uma breve retomada histórica e bibliográfica sobre as articulações entre setores público e privado na formulação das políticas educacionais em escala nacional e regional, mostrando que o CPEM é parte de um processo amplo e complexo. A partir do levantamento de documentos oficiais, são apresentadas as características do currículo, desde sua proposição pedagógica até o lugar central dos agentes privados na oferta desta etapa da escolarização. Assim, o CPEM expressa os acordos entre agentes que formulam as políticas públicas de educação no país com organismos multilaterais, a fim de submeter a formação da juventude trabalhadora a interesses empresariais.
SOBE: A Fraud Detection Platform in Insurance Industry
Authors: ÖZCAN H. Onur , ÇOLAK İsmail , ERIMHAN Selin , GÜNEŞ Vedat , ABUT Fatih , AKAY Fatih
Published: September 2022

Fraud detection identifies suspicious activities, false pretenses, wrongful or criminal deception intended to result in financial gain. Fraud is rare, well thought, effortful, and deceiving throughout claims. Detecting fraudulent claims is essential for the insurance industry. Therefore, most insurance companies must devote time and budget to fraud detection. Fraud detection can be divided into two categories; the main and most common type of fraud is individual fraud. Individual frauds can appear in many kinds of forms. For example, damage to an asset might be occurred before issuing a policy and be reported after. The second category is organized fraud which is much rarer and harder to detect than individual fraud. Especially motor insurance fraud is commonly attempted by organized crime rings. Counterparties involved in fraudulent claims change frequently, and changes make fraud detection difficult. According to Insurance Information and Monitoring Center findings, the fraudulent claim payment ratio is 10 to 30 %, and the detection success rate for an individual is at 1.4 to 5%. At the same time, the annual fraud cost is at 200 to 300 $ million. This study proposes a fraud detection platform called SOBE, which assists fraud departments’ claim inquiry more easily and shorter than manual investigation made by employees. At its core, SOBE uses a rule engine approach. In order to support the rule engine, there is also a machine learning algorithm for fraud detection. In addition, the SNA module detects interconnected fraud counterparts among claim files. Consequently, the SOBE fraud detection platform allows Anadolu Sigorta to prevent improper payments from claiming participants. SOBE platform, the central fraud detection platform at Anadolu Sigorta, was developed in-house using different technologies and methods, including KNIME Analytics Platform, Python, graph methods, and web service methodologies.
A 30 m Resolution Distribution Map of Maize for China Based on Landsat and Sentinel Images
Authors: Shen Ruoque , Dong Jie , Yuan Wenping , Han Wei , Ye Tao , Zhao Wenzhi
Published: September 2022

As the second largest producer of maize, China contributes 23% of global maize production and plays an important role in guaranteeing maize markets stability. In spite of its importance, there is no 30 m spatial resolution distribution map of maize for all of China. This study used a time-weighted dynamic time warping method to identify planting areas of maize by comparing the similarity of time series of a satellite-based vegetation index at each pixel with a standard time series derived from known maize fields and mapped maize distribution from 2016 to 2020 over 22 provinces accounting for more than 99% of the maize planting area in China. Based on 18800 field-surveyed pixels at 30-meter spatial resolution, the distribution map yields 76.15% and 81.59% of producer’s and user’s accuracies averaged over the entire investigated provinces, respectively. Municipality- and county-level census data also show a good performance in reproducing the spatial distribution of maize. This study provides an approach to mapping maize over large areas based on a small volume of field survey data.
Effects of Temperature Fluctuations on Darcy-Forchheimer Flow of Oil-Based Nanofluid with Activation Energy and Velocity Slip
Authors: Etwire Christian John , Seini Ibrahim Yakubu , Musah Rabiu , Makinde Oluwole Daniel
Published: September 2022

The effects of fluctuating temperature on Darcy-Forchheimer flow of oil-based nanofluid with activation energy and velocity slip has been analyzed. Similarity transformation was used to transform the governing partial differential equations into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations and solved numerically with the aid of the fourth order Runge-Kutta algorithm with a shooting technique. Results for the embedded parameters controlling the flow dynamics have been tabulated and illustrated graphically. The slip velocity parameter was found to enhance the Nusselt number but depleted both the skin friction coefficient and Sherwood number while the local inertial was noted to increase both the skin friction coefficient and Sherwood number but diminishes the Nusselt number. These results indicate that the velocity slip parameter and local inertial coefficient can be used to control flow characteristics in industrial and engineering systems.
An Analytical Approach to Investigate the Parthians Painted Stuccoes from Qal‘eh-i Yazdigird, Western Iran
Authors: KHANMORADI Mozhgan , NIKNAMI Kamal Aldin
Published: September 2022

The use of stucco decoration on buildings has become popular in Iran from the first century but from the second century onwards stucco decorations were painted in bright colors. An important group of the Parthians Painted Stuccoes excavated in the 1965-79 and 2008 in Qal‘eh-i Yazdigird. Qal'eh-i Yazdigird is a Parthian Palace Stronghold in the Zagros range of mountains in western Iran. At Qal'eh-i Yazdigird the decoration includes geometric, figural, vegetal and architectural motifs. Much of the stucco decorations were vividly painted. Some of the fragments arePolychrome. These colors consist of green, deep blues, pink, deep reds, orange, brown, purple and yellow. These were analyzed for the first time within in 2013 in Iran. The pigments red ochre and yellow ochre (identified by the presence of the main chromophores hematite and goethite), Egyptian blue and green earth (terre-verte glauconite) were found on decorated surfaces. FTIR, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Petrography methods have been used to study the characterize pigments used in the stucco decoration.
Parthian Cataphract vs. the Roman Army 53 BC-AD 224
Authors: SYVÄNNE Ilkka
Published: September 2022

This article provides a short overview of the Parthian military and it tactics, and what were the Roman responses to that and what were the Parthian countermeasures against the Roman methods from ca. 53 BC until AD 224. It also suggests that when the sources claim that the Parthian monarchs fielded massive numbers of cataphract cavalry that we should really accept what these sources state: namely that the entire Parthian cavalry force of Parthia proper was really encased in armour as cataphracts.
The “Paulo Fraire” Educational Thinking Paradigm in the Service Learning Model in Higher Education
Authors: Mahardhani Ardhana Januar , Utami Prihma Sinta
Published: September 2022

he study of writing this article is focused on discussing the concept of an educational paradigm of thinking about problems or problem-posing offered by Paulo Fraire's character in relation to the implementation of lecture activities combined with the service-learning model. The purpose of writing this article will be focused on seeing how the implementation pattern or learning stage model uses the problem-posing paradigm of Paulo Freire's thinking which will be linked to the service-learning model. The method in writing this article uses the literature review method. The literature review was carried out by analyzing journals in the 2010-2021 period related to the study of Paulo Fraire's paradigm of thinking about problem posing and theoretical studies on the implementation of service-learning. From the results of the analysis of related journals found 15 journals that can be used as a reference for the analysis. Based on the findings of the integration of the service-learning model and problem posing, it was found that 4 steps can be taken, namely: listening, action, reflection, and demonstration. Paulo Fraire's paradigm of thinking about education facing problems or problem posing is based on the phenomenon of education with the "bank system" style, in which students are like "empty souls" who passively receive explanations from the teacher in the classroom. Through this paper, it will be emphasized how the pattern or model of implementing the learning paradigm of educational thinking towards the Paulo Freire problem is offered with the service-learning model approach.
The Effect of Online Learning Towards Learning Motivation of University Students on Social Student Course
Authors: Nurhikmah Nurhikmah , Pambudi Dholina Inang , Mustadi Ali
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of online learning toward the learning motivation of Elementary School Teacher Education (PGSD) students in social studies learning.  The research approach used is quantitative research, ex post facto type.  The research population was 316 students at Primary School Teacher Education (PGSD) at Ahmad Dahlan University, Yogyakarta. The research sample was 118 students. Data obtained through interviews and questionnaires.  The data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential analysis.  The results of the regression test with a simple linear test showed a sig value of 0.827, with the criteria Sigα (0.05) this means that there is no effect of variable X (online learning) on variable Y (learning motivation). Thus, this study concludes that there is no significant negative effect of online learning on students' learning motivation. Of the four indicators of learning motivation, namely a sense of responsibility, enthusiasm, independence, and belief, they are in the very good category.  During the teaching and learning process, most of the students were enthusiastic about participating in lectures and flexible learning.  Through online learning, there are many positive things that can be felt to be able to increase the spirit of learning, such as more flexible learning, not being hindered by distance and time and being able to train students' learning independence.
The Effect of TGT Cooperative Learning Model Assisted by Multimedia Learning on Cooperation and Learning Outcomes of Class V Elementary School Students for Social Sciences
Authors: Banani Ulil Azmi , Aman Aman
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Cooperative Learning Model Type Team Games Tournament (TGT) Assisted by Multimedia Learning on Cooperation and Learning Outcomes of Fifth Grade Elementary School Students in Social Sciences. The design in this study is a quasi-experimental with one group pre-test post-test. The purpose of using this design is to determine whether or not there is an increase in the application of the cooperative learning model of the type of TGT assisted by multimedia learning on the cooperation and learning outcomes of fifth grade elementary school students in social studies subjects. The subjects in this study were the fifth grade elementary school students totaling 30 students. The research instrument consisted of observation sheets and questionnaires to measure cooperation and student learning outcomes. Based on the research that has been done, it is found that cooperative learning of the type of TGT assisted multimedia learning has an influence on cooperation. It was also found that cooperative learning of the type of TGT assisted by multimedia learning had an influence on student learning outcomes. So it is necessary to increase cooperative learning type TGT to improve cooperation and student learning outcomes.
“Cerita Corona” Application As Learning Media
Authors: Juansah Dase Erwin , Mawadah Ade Husnul , Devi Ade Anggraini Kartika
Published: September 2022

Online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic triggered the acceleration of the digitization of learning media. Media digitization could be done in the form of mobile learning applications that were in accordance with today's lifestyle. Learning media in the form of applications on mobile phone were expected to provide a meaningful learning experience so that students were not bored and the learning objectives were achieved maximally. However, in reality, not all teachers were ready and able to independently create digital learning media. This study aimed to develop a children's storybook application with the theme of Covid-19 to help children and teachers obtained learning media whose content was in accordance with current issues. This study used the Educational Design Research (EDR) model. The educational design research (EDR) model has stages 1) analysis and exploration; 2) design and construction; and 3) evaluation and reflection. From the results of expert validation, practitioners, and trials, a children's story book with the Covid-19 theme, named "Cerita corona" was successfully developed and met the eligibility criteria.