bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Poselitev Kranja v starejši železni dobi – pregled raziskav
Authors: Sagadin Milan
Published: July 2023

V prispevku prinaša pregled dosedanjih raziskav v Kranju, ki so prinesle gradivo iz starejšega in mlajšega halštatskega obdobja, ter temu gradivu posvečene literature. Obseg naselbine v halštatski dobi, ki ga nakazuje razprostranjenost najdb, je razmeroma velik in presega velikost poznejšega srednjeveškega mesta. Grobne najdbe iz halštatske dobe so dosledno skoncentrirane na severno obrobje mesta, na rob nekdanje rečne terase. Bronastodobne najdbe so izrazito redke in brez kontekstov v obliki struktur. Količina najdb iz posameznih faz starejše železne dobe kaže, da je naselbina dosegla vrhunec v svoji začetni fazi (Ha B3/C1), medtem ko je v mlajši fazi sicer še ohranila svoj obseg, a je bila poselitev manj intenzivna. Prehod v latensko dobo in zgodnjo antiko je potekal brez prekinitve. V času starejšega in mlajšega halštatskega obdobja je bila dokaj intenzivno poseljena tudi okolica Kranja, zlasti Šmarjetna gora in pod njo ležeče Stražišče.
Prazgodovinska Ljubljana: urbano trgovsko središče na stičišču poti
Authors: Vojaković Petra
Published: July 2023

Prazgodovinska naselbina na prostoru današnje Ljubljane je bila zgrajena na stičišču pomembnih prometnic in je delovala kot trgovsko središče že od kulture žarnih grobišč. Življenje v njej je potekalo od 13. do 5. st. pr. n. št., pri čemer je od sredine 8. in v 7. st. pr. n. št. opazen drastičen upad v poselitvi, kar se odraža tudi v majhnem številu grobov. Notranja struktura naselbine, odkrite na Tribuni (predel Prul), nam priča o premišljeni, dobro načrtovani ter strnjeni poselitvi. V njej se zrcalijo zametki urbanih elementov, sploh upoštevajoč domnevo, da je akropola stala na strateško pomembnem Grajskem hribu in da je bilo na Tribuni »spodnje mesto« večjega naselbinskega areala, v katerem so živeli in ustvarjali obrtniki (rokodelci) in trgovci. Ob reki Ljubljanici bi smeli pričakovati predel z gospodarskimi objekti oz. delavnicami ter pristan, na območju Poljan pa zaradi rodovitnih evtričnih rjavih tal polja, na katerih so uspevale kultivirane rastline.
Variabilidad de la adherencia de revoques sobre paneles de tierra alivianada encofrada según distintos tipos de capa de agarre
Authors: García Villar Gonzalo
Published: July 2023

Los revoques de tierra son las capas finales de las construcciones con tierra y su función principal es protegerla de los efectos de la intemperie. En muros de tierra alivianada encofrada se generan adherencias diferenciales donde la madera de la estructura queda expuesta. Las posibles grietas y desprendimientos pueden afectar la protección de los muros y su durabilidad. Esta investigación propone capas de agarre previas a los revoques gruesos sobre las maderas expuestas, y evalúa la adherencia mediante ensayos de arrancamiento directo y cizallamiento. Los ensayos confirmaron que la compatibilidad del muro, capas de agarre, y revoques gruesos está dada por la similitud en los materiales componentes, como son tierra, arena y fibras, lo cual mejora la adherencia mecánica. Para arrancamiento directo el valor más elevado fue 0.07 N/mm², y para cizallamiento 0.08 N/mm².
Innovación en Uruguay entre 1970 y 2018: una aproximación a través de los datos de patentes
Authors: Bianchi Carlos , Galaso Pablo , Palomeque Sergio , Picasso Santiago , Rodríguez Miranda Adrián
Published: July 2023

En este artículo se sistematizan y analizan por primera vez los datos de patentes registradas en Uruguay en el período 1970-2018. Se describe el procesamiento de los registros originales y se lleva a cabo un estudio descriptivo de los datos, donde se analiza la evolución temporal de las patentes, la distribución territorial, la especialización tecnológica, así como los principales actores participantes. Posteriormente, se estudia la relación entre los datos de patentes y el desarrollo territorial en Uruguay. Los resultados corroboran la prevalencia del patentamiento de actores no residentes, a la vez que muestran el importante rol que juegan los centros públicos de investigación dentro de los actores residentes. Asimismo, se observa una consistente correlación positiva entre el nivel de desarrollo regional y el registro de patentes.
Les bibliothèques face au monde des données
Authors: Mesguich Véronique
Published: July 2023

La transformation numérique des processus documentaires amène les professionnels de l’information et des bibliothèques à gérer non seulement des documents imprimés ou numériques, mais encore des données numériques, structurées ou non. Ils sont de plus en plus concernés par ce nouveau monde de la donnée : toutes les bibliothèques produisent des données concernant leur activité (fréquentation, prêt, utilisateurs…) qu’il convient de gérer et sécuriser en vertu des nouvelles réglementations comme le RGPD. À partir de cette vision d’ensemble du monde de la donnée, les professionnels de l’information et des bibliothèques pourront détecter les enjeux et opportunités dans leurs pratiques professionnelles.
Vulnérabilités et capacités d’agir liées au genre dans l’usage et la vente de drogues
Authors: Perrin Sarah
Published: July 2023

Les carrières délinquantes des femmes dans l’usage et la revente de drogues ont moins été analysées que celles des hommes en France. Le genre a peu été questionné par les recherches sur l’usage-revente, alors même que les interpelés par la police pour Infraction à la Législation sur les Stupéfiants sont essentiellement des jeunes hommes précaires et racisés et que les usages de drogues se féminisent. Cet article analyse les trajectoires de femmes insérées socialement dans l’usage-revente en s’intéressant à leurs vulnérabilités et capacités d’agir, tant dans leurs relations avec la police qu’avec les hommes consommateurs et vendeurs de drogues, à Bordeaux. Les résultats présentés reposent sur 27 entretiens réalisés avec des usagères-revendeuses, 12 entretiens réalisés avec des usagers-revendeurs et 11 entretiens effectués avec des policiers et une magistrate. Dans le milieu étudié des ventes et des usages, les femmes sont décrédibilisées, considérées comme inaptes à la violence, sexualisées et fréquemment victimes de tentatives d’escroquerie et de violences. Elles peuvent cependant retirer des capacités d’agir de cette stigmatisation genrée, en tirant profit de stéréotypes de douceur et de fiabilité liés à une forme de sexisme bienveillant pour se constituer une clientèle, ou en mobilisant leur sexualisation pour obtenir des produits gratuits ou moins cher. Leur discrétion face à la police constitue également une ressource centrale. Les policiers, mus par un impératif managérial d’efficacité, interpellent en effet essentiellement des jeunes hommes racisés. Les femmes sont moins soupçonnées, mais aussi moins contrôlables du fait de la faiblesse des effectifs féminins au sein de la police. Les usagères-revendeuses sont conscientes des critères qui orientent les profilages policiers, et elles les mobilisent pour diminuer les risques répressifs, notamment en performant leur genre. Le genre agit ainsi comme une matrice de sélection dans la sanction formelle des conduites déviantes.
Qual o limite da análise da atividade nas Ciências do Trabalho ? : Artigo-resposta à Lima, Ribeiro, La Guardia e Nagem (2020)
Authors: Rocha Raoni
Published: July 2023

Este artigo parte da crítica feita por Lima, Ribeiro, La Guardia e Nagem (2020) sobre a carência no desenvolvimento de uma teoria da atividade nas abordagens das Ciências do Trabalho. A partir de uma revisão não exaustiva das contribuições e insuficiências do referido artigo, o objetivo do presente texto é estimular o debate científico a fim de avançar na reflexão sobre os limites da análise da atividade nessas abordagens. Embora a crítica feita por Lima et al. (2020) possua legitimidade, ela necessita ser melhor construída, já que os autores parecem equivocadamente generalizar a maneira como o debate se desenvolve em cada dessas abordagens, negligenciando as contribuições trazidas por ele. Além disso, o estudo de caso mostrado pelos autores parece insuficiente e contraditório com a argumentação desenvolvida, uma vez que não aplica integralmente o método defendido e não consegue demonstrar as transformações geradas.
Leer o releer “El origen de las técnicas” de André-Georges Haudricourt, para interrogar nuestra manera de considerar las técnicas, hoy.
Authors: Prot Bernard
Published: July 2023

Esta nota presenta un texto del etnobotánico André-Georges Haudricourt publicado en 1965 que trata sobre “el origen de las técnicas”. Un breve recordatorio del contexto histórico precede la puesta en evidencia de los argumentos del texto original que sostiene que “la tecnología es la actividad más racional que existe”. Luego, el autor subraya las características de la obra de Haudricourt por medio de varios ejemplos : la misma es concreta, comparativa, histórica. La última parte menciona varios trabajos contemporáneos que se inscriben en la misma perspectiva, particularmente en el campo de la formación y de las ciencias del trabajo.
13 de outubro de 2013 : Assinatura da Convenção de Minamata sobre Mercúrio - Análise a partir da realidade dos mineiros que trabalham na mineração aurífera artesanal e em pequena escala em Madre de Dios, no Peru
Authors: Baudin Carole
Published: July 2023

Este ano assinalar-se-á o décimo aniversário da assinatura da Convenção de Minamata sobre a utilização de mercúrio. Este acordo, assinado por 128 países, visa proteger a saúde humana, a preservação do ambiente e a biodiversidade, dos efeitos nefastos do mercúrio, centrando-se igualmente na regulamentação da utilização desta substância na mineração aurífera artesanal e em pequena escala. Esta é uma oportunidade de analisar a forma como esta política internacional se traduziu na atividade real das comunidades mineiras da região amazónica de Madre de Dios, no Peru, com as quais o Projeto Wanamei trabalhou. Ao descrever o impacto deste acordo na vida e no trabalho destas comunidades, procuraremos discutir duas linhas de reflexão : 1) a necessidade de repensar as dimensões territorial e temporal destas ações públicas ; 2) a necessidade de mudar o foco das racionalidades subjacentes à ação de uma lógica unicêntrica para uma filosofia pluricêntrica, valorizando as práticas e saberes locais a fim de alcançar soluções sustentáveis.
Estudio sociológico del dispositivo de inaptitud laboral en la función pública francesa: el caso del ayuntamiento de París
Authors: Gaboriau Marion
Published: July 2023

Este artigo apresenta uma investigação de doutoramento em sociologia sobre o reconhecimento da inaptidão para o trabalho por motivos de saúde na função pública territorial francesa. Toma como caso de estudo a Câmara Municipal de Paris, que identifica todos os anos a inaptidão para o trabalho de mais de 500 trabalhadores/as e encaminha-os/as para a reclassificação profissional ou para a reforma por invalidez. O trabalho baseia-se num estudo etnográfico de três anos que combina a observação de situações de trabalho e de perícia, entrevistas com diversos profissionais e trabalhadores/as reconhecidos/as como inaptos/as para as suas funções, a análise qualitativa de processos médico-administrativos e o tratamento estatístico de bases de dados. A análise visa compreender as lógicas institucionais (jurídicas, económicas e de gestão) que sustentam o dispositivo de inaptidão, bem como o que alimenta as decisões de inaptidão numa determinada situação. Em particular, a tese explora diferentes cenários de perícia, caracterizados por relações assimétricas de poder entre médicos/as e trabalhadores/as e por um tratamento da informação que é fonte de mal-entendidos e incerteza. De igual modo, lança luz sobre o efeito de (re)produção de desigualdades sociais e de género no reconhecimento e tratamento dos problemas de saúde no trabalho, cujas causas potencialmente profissionais são muitas vezes ignoradas.
Waste Management Using Nanotechnology
Authors: Elwaheidi Mahmoud M.
Published: July 2023

Waste management represents a challenge due to the rapid increase in waste production and the emergence of new waste types. Overcoming the issue involves using innovative technologies such as nanotechnology. Nanotechnology uses nanomaterials, which are materials that have at least one dimension less than 100 nm. Due to their small size, these materials increase reactivity in processes such as adsorption and oxidation/reduction. The application of nanotechnologies is significant in the production of new materials to replace current raw materials, and in providing novel solutions for waste recycling and disposal. Furthermore, nanofiltration is effective in the treatment of metals, toxic waste, and nonbiodegradable materials of leachate. Nanomaterials, however, represent a safety risk for the environment, and a serious threat to human health due to their small size and long suspension time. This chapter deals with the use of nanotechnology in waste management, including reduction, recycling, treatment, and disposal phases.
Smart Waste Management
Authors: Singh Jashandeep , Malhotra Meenakshi
Published: July 2023

Waste has become a major concern in the current era. Most nations across the globe have also become more concerned about a safe and healthy environment, and they are working on the issue continuously. Therefore, waste management has emerged as a major challenge, and smart waste management is proving very helpful in dealing with waste, especially in developing countries. However, the implementation of smart waste management systems is not without its challenges. This chapter aims to identify and analyse the key issues and challenges in smart waste management.
Green Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Verma Jyoti , Gagandeep  , Gupta Monica
Published: July 2023

Green environmental sustainability is a responsible human interaction with the ecosystem which allows for long-term environmental quality and avoids depletion of our natural resources. It focuses on environmentally friendly products that satisfy the needs of ultimate customers and its vision is to protect the environment. Nowadays, customers must be self-socially responsible and concerned about the environment. A massive amount of plastic waste has been generated due to increasing dependency and consumption of its wide range, which is increasingly being used in the packaging of different food items, cosmetic products, pharmaceuticals, and other production sectors. If not processed and managed appropriately, the after-use of generated plastic waste has many poor impacts on the environment. Data had been collected from multiple sources of evidence. This chapter aims to discuss some initiatives taken by the Indian Corporate Sector and the Indian Government in this context. It also discusses various methods adopted by the authorities to manage plastic waste.
Biofuels and Health Hazards
Authors: Banerjee Swapan , Ghosh Soumen , Bhowmick Gourav Dhar , Pandey Digvijay , Pandey Binay Kumar , Dadheech Pankaj
Published: July 2023

Biofuels, such as coal and oil, have been the most suitable and sufficient substitutes for other conventional fuels in the energy sector for the last few years. For decades, entire populations have suffered from deforestation, global warming, and carbon monoxide issues. Biofuel production is an eco-friendly process that still has health hazards for manufacturing unit workers. That is due to flammable and combustible raw materials and their chemical reactions. Bioethanol is a flammable biofuel prepared by cellulose items and the fermentation of grains. Biodiesel is another combustible liquid-based biofuel produced by alcohol and glyceride in vegetable oil duly catalyzed by strong alkaline like caustic soda. Biofuel plants or trees are the biggest isoprene producers, which meet the ozone layer in the earth's atmosphere. While combining with ozone always causes many health hazards for manufacturing units' employees despite several safety measures. One of the significant consequences is that some factory workers often have asthma, allergy, and lung disorders due to ozone attacks.
Effective Information Retrieval Framework for Twitter Data Analytics
Authors: Singh Ravindra Kumar
Published: July 2023

The widespread adoption of opinion mining and sentiment analysis in higher cognitive processes encourages the need for real time processing of social media data to capture the insights about user's sentiment polarity, user's opinions, and current trends. In recent years, lots of studies were conducted around the processing of data to achieve higher accuracy. But reducing the time of processing still remained challenging. Later, big data technologies came into existence to solve these challenges but those have its own set of complexities along with having hardware deadweight on the system. The contribution of this article is to touch upon mentioned challenges by presenting a climbable, quick and fault tolerant framework to process real-time data to extract hidden insights. This framework is versatile enough to support batch processing along with real time data streams in parallel and distributed environment. Experimental analysis of proposed framework on twitter posts concludes it as quicker, robust, fault tolerant, and comparatively more accurate with traditional approaches.
Inhibiting Isoprenylation Suppresses FcεRI-Mediated Mast Cell Function and Allergic Inflammation
Authors: Dailey Jordan M , Kee Sydney A , Tharakan Anuj , Kazi Aslamuzzaman , Burchett Jason R , Kolawole Elizabeth Motunrayo , Boyd Ballance William , Kotha Aditya , Le Quang T , Schwartz Lawrence B , Straus David B , Martin Rebecca K , Sebti Said M , Ryan John J
Published: July 2023

IgE-mediated mast cell activation is a driving force in allergic disease in need of novel interventions. Statins, long used to lower serum cholesterol, have been shown in multiple large-cohort studies to reduce asthma severity. We previously found that statins inhibit IgE-induced mast cell function, but these effects varied widely among mouse strains and human donors, likely due to the upregulation of the statin target, 3-hydroxy-3-methylgutaryl-CoA reductase. Statin inhibition of mast cell function appeared to be mediated not by cholesterol reduction but by suppressing protein isoprenylation events that use cholesterol pathway intermediates. Therefore, we sought to circumvent statin resistance by targeting isoprenylation. Using genetic depletion of the isoprenylation enzymes farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyl transferase 1 or their substrate K-Ras, we show a significant reduction in FcεRI-mediated degranulation and cytokine production. Furthermore, similar effects were observed with pharmacological inhibition with the dual farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyl transferase 1 inhibitor FGTI-2734. Our data indicate that both transferases must be inhibited to reduce mast cell function and that K-Ras is a critical isoprenylation target. Importantly, FGTI-2734 was effective in vivo, suppressing mast cell–dependent anaphylaxis, allergic pulmonary inflammation, and airway hyperresponsiveness. Collectively, these findings suggest that K-Ras is among the isoprenylation substrates critical for FcεRI-induced mast cell function and reveal isoprenylation as a new means of targeting allergic disease.
Design and numerical analysis of shaped connection made of CFRP
Authors:   Polskie Zaklady Lotnicze Mielec, Login Waldemar , Dylewski Andrzej
Published: July 2023

Project BloStEr (Block Structures - Mechanical joining innovations to replace conventional fasteners in aerostructures) is being realized within consortium between PZL Mielec and research partner Lublin University of Technology. In the project, a new approach for mechanical assembling of thin - walled structures is being realized by developing geometry of shaped connections for joining different materials. The scope of work cover 3 configurations of joints: metal + metal (aluminum alloys), metal + composite (hybrid) and composite + composite. The main idea is to eliminate or reduce connecting elements like rivets, screws, adhesives, or welding. The design of this approach required these mechanical connections to be analyzed using FEM (Finite Element Method) tools and verified numerical models in laboratory tests. In parallel with the design task the technology limitations have been studied for manufacturing of thin-wall integral elements made of carbon woven composites using autoclave technology, dedicated tooling and appropriate polymerization parameters. A critical element is the achieving the desired shape accuracy to get optimal connection properties.
Additive manufacturing of titanium alloys by cold spraying onto Al7075
Authors:   PZL Mielec, Sienicki Jaroslaw ,   Kielce University of Technology, Żórawski Wojciech
Published: July 2023

The aluminum alloy Al7075 is commonly used in aircraft industry due to its high mechanical resistance to weight ratio. Nevertheless when the structure is being serviced upon the severe environmental conditions or loads degradation mechanisms could often been found in the material. To improve its behavior the cold spray process with various titanium powders (e.g. CP Ti, Ti-64) deposited onto Al7075 was investigated. The spraying of angular titanium powder was performed in the presence of nitrogen and helium supplied at process parameters (temperature, pressure), which were the maximum values attainable by the CS system used. The deposits were sprayed while maintaining a standoff distance in the range from 20 to 100 mm increased by 10 mm. The experimental data indicated that the deposition efficiency had increased significantly with increasing standoff distance. The coating porosity first decreased to minimum 0.6% and then increased significantly to 9.8%. The mechanical properties of the coatings reached the highest values when the porosity was minimum. No new phases were reported in the cold sprayed titanium coatings when compared with the starting feedstock. The same process parameters were transferred to Ti6Al-4V coral like powder deposition process. The shear strength between Ti coating material and Al7075 substrate was measured. Additionally the tensile strength of the deposit only, previously disintegrated from the substrate, was checked out. The data obtained indicate that the consolidation of Ti powder with Al7075 substrate made by cold spray could be served for both: materials integration and building a component by materials disintegration, where Al substrate is removed on spraying and machining; and simply used as a technological support for additive manufacturing of a self-standing real life component.
Analysis and Comparison between Different Joining Technology of Aircraft Structures including Innovative FSW and RFSSW Processes
Authors:   PZL Mielec - a Sikorsky Company, Luty Grzegorz , Wronska Agata , Andres Jacek , Login Waldemar , Gałaczynski Tomasz
Published: July 2023

One of the alternative method for welding method is a friction stir welding (FSW), which was developed in 1991 at TWI Ltd. (The Welding Institute) in the United Kingdom, initially especially for joining aluminum and its alloys [1]. This process consists in joining of materials in solid state, which eliminates the problems resulting from melting the material and its re-solidifying, such as, hot cracking, residual stresses and distortion created during conventional welding.
Multirotor Electric Aerial Vehicle Model Validation with Flight Data: Physics-Based and System Identification Models
Authors:   University of Portland, Ivler Christina ,   Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Niemiec Robert ,   San Jose State University Research Foundation, Sanders Frank , Gandhi Farhan
Published: July 2023

Developing standard, well-vetted methods for modeling and simulation, prediction of flying/handling qualities, and control system design is critical for improving safety and quality control of multirotor electric aerial vehicles. This paper explores two methods for modeling the dynamics of a small (56 cm, 1.56 kg) hexacopter at hover and forward flight. The first modeling method was system identification from flight data, the second method was a physics-based blade element model with 10 state Peter-He inflow. Evaluation of the fidelity for both the system-identification and physics-based models was completed by comparison to flight data at hover and forward flight. The results were used to classify the importance of key dynamic building blocks on the model fidelity, such as motor/rotor lag dynamics, inertia, and dynamic inflow.
Flight Simulator Testing to Enhance Comprehension and Modeling of Rotorcraft Pilot Couplings
Authors:   Politecnico di Milano, Zanoni Andrea ,   Leonardo Helicopters, Maisano Giorgio ,   Line Up Aviation, Frigerio Lorenzo ,   Poznan University of Physical Education, Murawa Michal , Zago Matteo , Paolini Rita , Quaranta Giuseppe , Masarati Pierangelo , Galli Manuela
Published: July 2023

This work presents the results of a piloted flight simulator campaign aimed at measuring biomechanical performance indicators - upper limbs motion and electromiography of main muscle bundles - of pilots performing complex, realistic tasks. Ship deck landings performed by a single pilot, flying several helicopter configurations with sea conditions of increasing intensity have been considered. The analysis of the results shows an increase in muscular activity in relation with the increase in task difficulty, in agreement with subjective ratings (Bedford workload scale). The study provided useful indications to improve the corresponding biomechanical simulations, as well as to characterize pilot performance during specific tasks.
Simulation and Analysis of Oscillating Airfoil Ice Shapes via a Fully Unsteady Collection Efficiency Approach
Authors:   Politecnico di Milano and University of Glasgow, Morelli Myles ,   Politecnico di Milano, Guardone Alberto ,   Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Zhou Beckett
Published: July 2023

The aerodynamics associated with complex ice shapes degrades performance characteristics and handling qualities of rotorcraft. As a consequence, it generates high compensatory workloads for pilots making it difficult to fly in icing environments. Simulating rotorcraft icing is challenging as rotor blades experience flows at high Mach numbers which regularly produces difficult to predict mixed rime-glaze ice shapes. In conjunction with this, the motion of the blade during each revolution produces unsteady flow field behaviour and so unsteady ice accretion needs to be considered. A fully unsteady collection efficiency approach is hereby introduced to study the ice shapes formed on an oscillating rotor airfoil. The work focuses solely on two different test cases which produce largely different ice shapes caused entirely by different ice regimes. The ice shapes are measured and compared against icing wind tunnel experimental test data and prior calculations using a different approach for computing the ice thickness. These ice structures are then subject to analyses to assess possible performance degradation against the performance of a clean airfoil. Additionally, a computational aeroacoustic study investigates the possibility of using noise to detect different types of ice formation to help aid warning the pilot of dangerous icing conditions.
Validation of a Dynamic Stall Model Extended to Pitching Moment and Drag with Unsteady, Yawed Free-Stream
Authors:   Washington University St. Louis, Malick Michael , Peters David
Published: July 2023

A state-space, semi-empirical dynamic stall model is presented for use in helicopter flight simulators and onboard flight computers. Dynamic stall is a limiting flight condition for helicopters at high advance ratios and during high-g maneuvers, and to represent it requires the development of reduced-order models that compute loads in real-time. This work validates the stall model of Ref. [1] against wind tunnel rests of NACA 0012 wing sections in unsteady freestream and yawed flow. An improvement of the optimization technique in Ref. [2] is presented to greatly reduce time required to identify parameters.
Speed and Maneuverability Benefits of Sikorsky's X2 Technology versus Air-Defense Artillery
Authors:   Sikorsky a Lockheed Martin Co., Foote Bjorn ,   US Army ADD, Robeson Mark , Kaye Jordan , Weintraub Alexander , Kiser Jay , Camp Daniel
Published: July 2023

An aircraft's survivability in a hostile environment is a mixture of factors that stem from both susceptibility and vulnerability. Conducting analyses that incorporate these factors into a blended solution is vital. One such analysis was conducted using the government-provided Air-Defense Artillery (ADA) simulation tool Radar Directed Gun System (RADGUNS). RADGUNS provides a three-dimensional engagement space to conduct one versus one encounters against Radio Frequency (RF) guided threats. Complex user-generated flight paths can be simulated with varying relative starting locations of the aircraft relative to the threat being considered. The simulations conducted incorporated various aircraft parameters. Aircraft velocity, acceleration rates, deceleration rates, vulnerable area, and radar cross section (RCS) were the primary parameters whose effects were investigated.

For each encounter, the Probability of Hit (PH) and Probability of Kill given a Hit (PK|H) were calculated, accounting for the susceptibility and vulnerability segments of the kill chain, respectively. A holistic metric of the kill chain, Probability of Kill (PK), and Engagement Time were the primary results of each engagement. Varying prominent aircraft input parameters can provide key insights in the prediction of an aircraft's survivability. This paper will focus on the benefits of speed and maneuverability, obtainable with Sikorsky's X2 TechnologyTM, in the realm of survivability versus radar and human guided threats.
Modeling Ice Accretion: Full Integration into Navier-Stokes Solver
Authors:   Georgia Institute of Technology, Gupta Avani ,   NASA Glenn Research Center, Kreeger Richard , Sankar Lakshmi
Published: July 2023

Ice accretion for the NACA 0012 and the SC 2110 airfoils was modeled for different steady and unsteady flow conditions and compared with available experimental data. A previously developed spatially marching scheme for ice accretion was recast as a time-marching algorithm, allowing reversed flow and radial flow to be readily handled. The simulation was carried out as a multi-step process where the flow field around the iced airfoil was recomputed periodically. A two-dimensional compressible Navier Stokes solver was used to obtain the flow field, followed by an Eulerian droplet model and an icing model based on the extended-Messinger model. The results show reasonable agreement with experimental data for most of the conditions tested. Iced airfoil results for the steady and the oscillating SC 2110 airfoil cases were compared and it was determined that the differences in the two cases are small. A short simulation for 120 seconds for the oscillating case was carried out which confirmed that the differences between the final ice shape for a steady and an oscillating case are negligible.
Re-strategizing Army MQ-1C System Sustainment Support Post-Production & Deployment Phase
Authors:   US Army CCDC AvMC, Ramos Victoria , Chhotu Prasant
Published: July 2023

The U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command's (CCDC) Aviation Engineering Directorate's Maintenance Engineering Division provides maintenance engineering support to a variety of Army aircraft systems. The Maintenance Engineering Division has historically supported overhaul, repair and maintenance functions for Army rotary aircraft, but has recently unveiled an avenue of opportunity to support Army unmanned aircraft system platforms as well. The Army's leading unmanned system is the MQ-1C, more frequently referred to as the Gray Eagle. The Maintenance Engineering Division assumed sustainment support of this system post production and deployment phase in the program lifecycle and has had to overcome several obstacles in that process. Even though the Army has provided sustainment support for rotary aircraft for several decades, unmanned aircraft programs in the Army are fairly new territory and a new path was paved to ensure similar sustainment support was provided. Forging this path has proved to be challenging since sustainment support was not well-defined early in the lifecycle even though approximately 70% of program costs are attributed to sustainment efforts on average. Consequently, engineers within the organization were challenged to pursue creative tactics to provide product support to unmanned aircraft in an equivalent manner to manned rotary aircraft, specifically for Gray Eagle Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) in this report. The intent of this report is twofold; (1) inform the engineering community of the unique challenges of Gray Eagle UAS product support team, from a maintenance engineering perspective, and provide further insight into how they were overcome and (2) increase awareness in the acquisition community of the importance in considering sustainment/maintenance support early in the acquisition lifecycle to prevent technical barriers for a product support team with fielded systems.
The effectiveness of aerobic exercise for pain management in patients with fibromyalgia
Authors: Manojlović Denisa , Kopše Eva Ivana
Published: July 2023

The effectiveness of exercise therapy is being increasingly studied in patients with fibromyalgia. The aim of our systematic review was to determine the effectiveness of different types of aerobic exercise programs for pain management in patients with fibromyalgia. The literature search was performed by two independent researchers in the PubMed, CINAHL and PEDro databases using various combinations of the following keywords: fibromyalgia, pain and aerobic exercise. Studies were eligible if they included adults diagnosed with fibromyalgia and examined the effectiveness of at least one aerobic exercise program on pain management. A total of 14 randomized controlled trials were screened in full-text, nine of which were included in the systematic review. Overall, our results indicate that aerobic exercise is effective for pain management in patients with fibromyalgia. The results of the aerobic exercise programs were more effective for pain management than stretching exercises, but did not differ significantly from those of pilates, muscle strengthening exercises, relaxation techniques and stress management treatment. Additional high-quality studies are warranted to determine accurate clinical guidelines in terms of aerobic exercise programs for pain management in patients with fibromyalgia.
Therapeutic response and safety of different treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis in patients: A retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Montoya Nicolás Rozo , Pulgarín Juliana Quintero , Carvajal Liliana López
Published: July 2023

Objective:

To analyze the therapeutic response and safety of different treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis, received by patients in the Program for the Study and Control of Tropical Diseases- PECET-Medellín-Colombia.

Methods:

This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients attended at PECET Research Center during 2016-2021. Relevant information regarding sociodemographic characteristics, history of leishmaniasis, characterization of current infection, treatment received, follow-up of therapeutic response and safety was collected from the medical records. Data were analyzed with Pearson's Chi-square association tests and Mann-Whitney U test using statistical software.

Results:

A total of 486 clinical records of patients were analyzed, and 356 received treatment. Eight different therapeutic alternatives (systemic, local and in combination) were analyzed. The therapeutic response of the different alternatives used (except thermotherapy) was higher than 50%. Most frequent adverse events were myalgias, arthralgias and headache, and vesicles for systemic and local treatment, respectively.

Conclusions:

Safety profile and performance of local therapeutic alternatives and combined schemes for the treatment of uncomplicated cutaneous leishmaniasis are an interesting option for the management of the disease.
Role of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) in disease prevention and treatment
Authors: Manimurugan C. , Sujatha M. , Rathnakumar A. L. , Sandhanalakshmi M. , Zanwar Anand A.
Published: July 2023

Seeds of flax or linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) are important nutraceutical foods with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, estrogenic, laxative, and antibacterial properties. Flaxseed oil and seeds are the richest vegetarian source of omega-3 fatty acids. Consumption of flaxseeds helps in prevention and control of cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, obesity, diabetes mellitus, polycystic ovary syndrome, gout, liver and kidney dysfunction, oxidative stress-related diseases, post-menopausal symptoms, osteoporosis, irritable bowel syndrome, dry eye disease, cystic fibrosis, diarrhea, and cancer, particularly of the mammary and prostate gland cancer. Of late, flaxseed is gaining more importance not only because of its industrial values but also due to its nutraceutical and pharmaceutical properties. The literature review was performed using PubMed, Scopus, PubMed Central, Google Scholar, and Web of Science from 1995 onwards. Data was also obtained from websites/books/book chapters.
Characterization and antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-proliferative activities of green synthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticles with shoot extracts of Plicosepalus curviflorus
Authors: Alrashoudi Reem Hamoud , Abudawood Manal , Mateen Ayesha , Tabassum Hajera , Alghumlas Noura Ibrahem , Fatima Sabiha , Almaarik Basmah , Maqsood Farah , Al Musayeib Nawal M. , Amina Musarat
Published: July 2023

Objective:

To synthesize magnesium oxide nanoparticles using ethanol extract of shoots of Plicosepalus curviflorus (PC-MgONPs) and evaluate the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-proliferative activities of PC-MgONPs.

Methods:

The green synthesized PC-MgONPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible (UV), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, zeta potential, energy dispersive X-ray, and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, we investigated total antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial and anti-proliferative activities using breast cancer cell lines (MDA-231).

Results:

The UV spectrum of PC-MgONPs showed a sharp absorption peak at 300 nm. The presence of magnesium, oxygen, and sodium was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Scanning electron microscopy revealed PC-MgONPs as roughly spherical granular structures with sizes ranging from 20.0 to 76.4 nm. PC-MgONPs showed considerable antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans with zones of inhibition of 11-17 mm. In addition, total antioxidant capacity and anti-proliferative activity of PC-MgONPs against MDA-231 cells were dose-dependent.

Conclusions:

The synthesized PC-MgONPs could be a potent antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-cancer agent, which needs further investigation.
Expression and ratio of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand and osteoprotegerin following application of Nigella sativa/bovine bone graft combination in post tooth extraction sockets
Authors: Kresnoadi Utari , Laksono Valerian , Dahlan Agus
Published: July 2023

Aims:

The aim of this study was to analyze the induction effect of a combination of N. sativa and bovine bone graft on the expression and ratio of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand expression (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) on alveolar bone socket preservation on days 7 and 14.

Settings and Design:

The research incorporated a posttest-only control group design. A total of 56 Cavia cobaya were divided into four groups: a control group, an N. sativa group, a bovine bone graft group, and a combined N. sativa and bovine bone graft group.

Materials and Methods:

The lower incisors of the C. cobaya were extracted with material subsequently being applied to the resulting socket. After the 7th and 14th days, the experimental animals were terminated to enable observation of the socket. Following processing, the tissue was subjected to immunohistochemistry staining consisting of RANKL and OPG antibodies before being observed under a light microscope at × 400.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Statistical analysis was carried out using the one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s honestly significant difference tests.

Results:

A combination of N. sativa and bovine bone graft reduced both RANKL expression and the RANKL/OPG ratio while increasing OPG expression in comparison to the other groups. In all the results obtained, the N. sativa and bovine bone graft combination was significant (P < 0.05) when compared to the control group on both the 7th and 14th days.

Conclusion:

A combination of N. sativa and bovine bone graft reduced both RANKL expression and the RANKL/OPG ratio while increasing OPG expression.
Unusual Case of Bladder Stone with an Embedded Scalpel Blade
Authors: Amu OC , Affusim EA , Nnadozie UU , Eze BU
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

ME is an 84-year old man who presented with a 3-year history of storage urinary symptoms associated with strangury. He had an open radical prostatectomy and direct visual internal urethrotomy 10 years prior to presentation for early prostate cancer and partial urethral stricture, respectively. A plain abdominal X-ray revealed a bladder stone in which there was an opaque foreign body embedded within the stone. A cystolithotomy was done, and the retrieved stone was cracked open, revealing a surgical blade.The patient had an uneventful recovery postoperatively.
A Split-Mouth Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare the Rate of Canine Retraction after a Soft Tissue Procedure Compared Against a Corticotomy Procedure for Accelerated Tooth Movement
Authors: Gopalakrishnan U , Madasamy R , Mathew R , Alsulaimani FF , Sayed M , Mugri M , Baeshen HA , Bhandi S , Testarelli L , Mahendra L , Muruganandhan J , Raj AT , Patil S
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background and Aim:

Various methods to accelerate the orthodontic tooth movement have been used, among which corticotomy is considered to be the most common one. The suggested reasoning for such acceleration was the regional acceleratory phenomenon (RAP). Since the RAP is a property of both the hard and soft tissues, we designed a soft tissue flap procedure to compare the effects with the conventional corticotomy procedure. A split-mouth study was conducted where the two procedures were assessed in a single participant.

Patients and Methods:

The total sample size was calculated to be 40 with 20 participants in each group. The rate of tooth movement was the primary outcome measure, and the secondary outcomes were dentoalveolar changes, which were studied in both the conventional corticotomy and the flap-only procedure based on a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) wherein the alveolar bone density (BD) around canines, tipping, and rotational changes in canines, premolars, and molars were assessed.

Results:

Corticotomy resulted in greater canine angulation, lesser canine rotation and premolar rotation, and greater molar rotation compared with flap elevation, but these differences were statistically insignificant.

Conclusion:

Though the corticotomy resulted in higher BD, the differences were statistically insignificant. There was no significant difference in the rate of space closure assessed by the two techniques compared.
Evaluation of Postoperative Pain Relief after Pulpotomy using Different Procedures for Disinfection and Hemostasis in Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis
Authors: Altunbaş D , Ayhan M , Bilgin Ö
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

This study aimed to evaluate postoperative pain scores after sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and KTP laser pulpotomies in the permanent teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis retrospectively.

Materials and Methods:

This study is based on the records of patients treated with pulpotomy using sodium hypochlorite or KTP laser for disinfection and hemostasis at the Department of Endodontics. Sixty patients’ molar teeth were treated with either NaOCl or KTP laser. Sodium hypochlorite was used on 31 teeth, and KTP laser was used on another 29 teeth, for disinfection and hemostasis. Initial bleeding control was obtained with saline. 2.5% NaOCl or KTP laser was applied to complete hemostasis. Calcium hydroxide was then placed on the chamber floor to cover the canal orifices. The permanent restoration was completed with composite resin. Pre and postoperative pain scores were recorded with a visual analog scale. The evaluation was performed on the 6th, 24th, 48th, 72nd hours, and 7th days depending on the severity of the pain.

Results:

There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of demographic data and preoperative pain scores (P > 0.05). The postoperative pain score in the KTP laser group was significantly lower at the 24th hour than in the NaOCl group (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found between the groups at other evaluated time intervals (P > 0.05). The greatest pain score was recorded at the 6th hour in both groups.

Conclusion:

Although the level of pain decreased significantly in both groups in the postoperative period, KTP laser-assisted pulpotomy provided better pain control, especially at the 24th hour.
Classification of the invariants of foliations by curves of low degree on the three-dimensional projective space
Authors: Corrêa Maurício , Jardim Marcos , Marchesi Simone
Published: July 2023

We study foliations by curves on the three-dimensional projective space with no isolated singularities, which is equivalent to assuming that the conormal sheaf is locally free. We provide a classification of the topological and algebraic invariants of the conormal sheaves and singular schemes for such foliations by curves, up to degree 3. In particular, we prove that foliations by curves of degree 1 or 2 are contained in a pencil of planes or are Legendrian, and are given by the complete intersection of two codimension one distributions. Furthermore, we prove that the conormal sheaf of a foliation by curves of degree 3 with reduced singular scheme either splits as a sum of line bundles or is an instanton bundle. For degree larger than 3, we focus on two classes of foliations by curves, namely Legendrian foliations and those whose conormal sheaf is a twisted null-correlation bundle. We give characterizations of such foliations, describe their singular schemes and their moduli spaces.
A comparative study of stored arterial versus venous blood collected using the acute normovolemic hemodilution method in coronary artery bypass grafting patients in Iran
Authors: Mansouri Mojtaba , Yazdani Alireza , Masoumi Gholamreza , Mirmohammadsadeghi Mohsen , Mirmohammadsadeghi Amir
Published: July 2023

Background: In the present study, arterial and venous blood was collected from patients who were candidates for elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG); the blood was stored for 28 days and cellular, biomechanical, and hematological changes in blood were compared to determine whether stored arterial blood is superior to stored venous blood. Methods: The present follow-up comparative study included 60 patients >18 years of age, with hemoglobin >14 mg/dl and ejection fraction >40% who were candidates for CABG. After induction of anesthesia, 250 ml of arterial or venous blood was drawn from patients (arterial blood group and venous blood group). Laboratory blood samples were taken at specified times from the collected blood and re-injected into the patients after CABG. Results: Significant differences were observed in pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), partial pressure of oxygen (PO2), bicarbonate (HCO3), and glucose values at several time points between the groups. Other parameters such as urea and creatinine did not show any significant differences between the groups. Conclusions: Twenty-eight days of storage can have a negative effect on some of the cellular, biochemical, and hematological components of arterial and venous blood; however, the quality of stored arterial blood and venous blood does not differ significantly.