bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of Atrial Fibrillation and Related Myocardial Ischemia Events in Chinese Community Population in 2019 (Preprint)
Authors: Li Cheng , Wang Haicheng , Li Mohan , Qiu Xiangjun , Wang Qunshan , Sun Jian , Yang Mei , Feng Xiangfei , Meng Shu , Zhang Pengpai , Liu Bo , Li Wei , Chen Mu , Zhao Yan , Zhang Rui , Mo Binfeng , Zhu Yuling , Zhou Baohong , Chen Min , Liu Xia , Zhao Yuelin , Shen Mingzhen , Huang Jinkang , Luo Li , Wu Hong , Li Yi-Gang
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia, and the incidence increases rapidly all over the world. The global prevalence of atrial fibrillation (age-adjusted) is 0·60% for men and 0·37% for women. The prevalence situation of atrial fibrillation(age-adjusted) in China is 0·65%, and it is expected that the number of patients with atrial fibrillation will continue to rise in the future worldwide due to population aging.

OBJECTIVE

To explore the prevalence of atrial fibrillation in Chinese community population in 2019 and clarify the prevalence of atrial fibrillation complicated with other arrhythmias and myocardial ischemia events.

METHODS

The remote ECG diagnosis system of Xinhua Hospital was assessed to screen participants with ECG evidence of AF from Jan 1, 2019 to Dec 31, 2019. The prevalence rates of atrial fibrillation and its association with other arrhythmias and myocardial ischemia events were analyzed and subgroup analysis was performed between different gender and age groups.

RESULTS

A total of 22016 AF cases were identified out of all ECGs derived from the remote ECG diagnosis system in 2019. The prevalence rate of atrial fibrillation in the remote ECG diagnosis platform in 2019 was about 2.75%(95%CI 2.71%-2.78%). The prevalence rate of atrial fibrillation in males was higher than that in females (p<0.001), and the ventricular rate was faster in female patients (p<0.001). The prevalence rate of atrial fibrillation in participants aged 65 or above was higher than that in participants under 65 years old (p<0.001) and the ventricular rate was lower in aged group (p<0.001). Atrial fibrillation with lower ventricular rate is associated with increased prevalence of third-degree atrioventricular block (p<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

According to these results, it is estimated that the number of patients with atrial fibrillation in China are around 7.98 million in 2019. The analysis of different genders suggests the necessity of the monitoring on ventricular rate in elderly male patients with atrial fibrillation to timely recognize severe arrhythmias.
Diagnosing Surgical Site Infections using Telemedicine: A Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Ng Hannah Jia Hui , Huang Daran , Rajaratnam Vaikunthan
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Surgical site infections (SSI) are preventable post-operative complications. With the increase in use of telehealth modalities, there is a need to assess if telehealth modalities are safe for assessment of SSI.

OBJECTIVE

This review aims to assess the accuracy of using telemedicine in the diagnosis of surgical site infections (SSI) in post-surgical adult patients as compared to in-person assessments.

METHODS

A comprehensive search on 6 databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and CENTRAL) was performed from inception to 1 December 2020. Data was extracted to determine accuracy, feasibility, acceptability, and usability of using telemedicine to detect SSIs. The primary outcome of this review was to review the diagnostic accuracy of telemedicine to diagnose SSIs as compared to direct, in-person assessment. Methodological quality was evaluated using the MINORS criteria.

RESULTS

Six studies met inclusion criteria. Results were summarized qualitatively. The overall methodological quality of the studies was moderate based on the MINORS score. Four studies utilized telephone surveillance, whilst two utilized mobile applications. Telemedicine modalities were able to accurately diagnose 66 SSIs, where an additional 15 were found on direct clinical review. The diagnostic accuracy across the studies ranged from 69.5 – 100%. Between 82.5 – 100% of patients were able to be contacted through these telemedicine modalities.

CONCLUSIONS

Telemedicine modalities are a feasible option for post-operative follow-up, especially in the identification of SSIs. As technology becomes more affordable and widely available, future applications of telemedicine are limitless. However, further research is still required to ensure that telemedicine is a safe and effective tool.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Smartwatches for the Detection of Cardiac Arrhythmia: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Nazarian Scarlet , Lam Kyle , Darzi Ara , Ashrafian Hutan
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Significant morbidity, mortality, and financial burden are associated with cardiac rhythm abnormalities. Conventional investigative tools are often unsuccessful in detecting cardiac arrhythmias because of their episodic nature. Smartwatches have gained popularity in recent years as a health tool for the detection of cardiac rhythms.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyze the diagnostic accuracy of smartwatches in the detection of cardiac arrhythmias.

METHODS

A systematic literature search of the Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases was performed in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines to identify studies reporting the use of a smartwatch for the detection of cardiac arrhythmia. Summary estimates of sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve were attempted using a bivariate model for the diagnostic meta-analysis. Studies were examined for quality using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool.

RESULTS

A total of 18 studies examining atrial fibrillation detection, bradyarrhythmias and tachyarrhythmias, and premature contractions were analyzed, measuring diagnostic accuracy in 424,371 subjects in total. The signals analyzed by smartwatches were based on photoplethysmography. The overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of smartwatches for detecting cardiac arrhythmias were 100% (95% CI 0.99-1.00), 95% (95% CI 0.93-0.97), and 97% (95% CI 0.96-0.99), respectively. The pooled positive predictive value and negative predictive value for detecting cardiac arrhythmias were 85% (95% CI 0.79-0.90) and 100% (95% CI 1.0-1.0), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

This review demonstrates the evolving field of digital disease detection. The current diagnostic accuracy of smartwatch technology for the detection of cardiac arrhythmias is high. Although the innovative drive of digital devices in health care will continue to gain momentum toward screening, the process of accurate evidence accrual and regulatory standards ready to accept their introduction is strongly needed.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020213237; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=213237.
Telehealth Adoption and Discontinuation by US Hospitals: Results From 2 Quasi-Natural Experiments (Preprint)
Authors: Baird Aaron , Cheng Yichen , Xia Yusen
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Prior US hospital telehealth (video visit) studies have focused on describing factors that influence telehealth adoption or performance effects for specific patient segments, hospital systems, or geographic regions. To our knowledge, a larger-scale, national-level (US) study has yet to be conducted on the causal impacts of hospital telehealth adoption as well as discontinuation.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to understand the causal impact of US hospital telehealth adoption or discontinuation on hospital performance from 2016 to 2018.

METHODS

We analyzed impacts of telehealth adoption or discontinuation by US hospitals on emergency department visits, total ambulatory visits (minus emergency department visits), outpatient services revenue, total facility expenses, and total hospital revenue for the 2016-2018 period. We specifically focused on performance effects for hospitals that switched from not having telehealth to adopting telehealth, or vice versa, during the 2016-2018 period, thus exploiting 2 quasi-natural experiments. We applied a difference-in-differences research design to each of the 2 main analyses. We compared hospitals that have made a telehealth change to groups of hospitals with similar characteristics that did not make a telehealth change, which established a counterfactual. To appropriately match hospitals between treatment and control groups, we applied propensity score matching. Our primary data were from the American Hospital Association Annual Survey and the Healthcare Cost Report Information System data. Several control variables were obtained from additional sources, including the Area Health Resource File and the Federal Communications Commission.

RESULTS

We found that telehealth adoption by US hospitals during the 2016-2018 period resulted in, on average, an increased number of total ambulatory visits (P=.008), increased total facility expenses (P<.001), and increased hospital revenue (P=.004) compared with the control group. We found that telehealth discontinuation during the same period resulted in, on average, decreased outpatient services revenue (P=.02) compared with the control group.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that telehealth adoption increases use but has mixed impacts on performance, given that cost and revenue increase. However, once telehealth is offered, removing it can have a negative impact on performance, implying that returning to prior performance levels, if telehealth is removed, may be challenging.
Relationship between Customer Satisfaction and Customer Attitude and Loyalty According to the Mediating Variable of Customer Trust (Case Study: Matin Abad Eco Camp)
Authors: Shahbandi Mohammadali , Farrokhshad Hessameddin
Published: March 2021

The overall purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between customer satisfaction and customer attitude and loyalty with respect to the mediating variable of customer trust. This research is applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive correlational research in nature and method. This study’s study population is all people who have used or are using Matin Abad Eco Camp. The number of samples was determined based on the Krejcie and Morgan sampling table equal to 120 people selected by a simple random sampling method. To collect information from standard questionnaires of customer satisfaction, attitude, customer loyalty, and customer trust in a 5-point Likert scale have been used. Cronbach’s alpha was used for its reliability, and the obtained numbers indicate the appropriate reliability of the questionnaires. SPSS 24 software and PLS structural equations were used for data analysis. The results indicate that customer satisfaction is related to customer attitude, customer loyalty, and customer trust. Customer trust is related to customer attitude and customer loyalty. The results also showed that customer trust has a mediating role in establishing the relationship between customer satisfaction with customer attitude, and customer loyalty.
Vinculación a proceso. Análisis al estándar probatorio.
Authors: Ortiz Garcia Jorge Eduardo
Published: March 2021

  El análisis planteado en el presente texto abarca el origen en que se estableció un sistema normativo en México, continuando por un análisis interpretativo y la complejidad para unificar criterios en establecer un estándar probatorio. Desde su inicio el auto de vinculación a proceso ha planteado distintas dicotomías hasta el día de hoy, como se intentará analizar.

 
El derecho a la educación y la progresividad en tiempos de la pandemia
Authors: Contreras Bustamante Raúl
Published: March 2021

El presente artículo pretende contribuir a generar consenso en torno no sólo a la importancia que tiene la educación como derecho de las personas, sino también como una obligación y la responsabilidad de garantizarla que deben asumir los Estados, aún en época de emergencias como la que hoy en día vivimos.
Hasta la vista, baby: reflections on the risks of algocracy, killer robots, and artificial superintelligence
Authors: Borges Fortes Pedro Rubim
Published: March 2021

The neologism Algocracy may mean government or governance by algorithms. Architects of artificial intelligence have perspectives on killer robots and government by artificial superintelligence and are engaged in public debate on both themes. The risks of being dominated by artificial superintelligence and of being subjected to undemocratic, unconstitutional or illegal algo norms inspires our reflection. Institutions should organize rules of the game that prevent machine learning algorithms from learning how to dominate humans. Algorithms need new design requirements to incorporate responsibility, transparency, auditability, incorruptibility, and predictability. The algorithmic responsibility of the state, national public policies for developing a trustworthy AI, and the algorithmic law of killer robots and artificial superintelligence could reduce the risks of algocracy. The particular character of algorithms demands a special discipline to control their power, architecture, and commands. law and government can channel the development and use of killer robots, eventually even setting a global prohibition of autonomous weapons. Likewise, the threat of government by algorithms posed by the emergence of an artificial superintelligence that dominates humankind also requires the development of a new algorithmic law that establishes checks and balances and controls the technological system.
El femicidio en la legislación nicaragüense
Authors: Fletes Mercado José Antonio
Published: March 2021

La violencia contra las mujeres ha tomado gran relevancia social debido que la cultura nicaragüense se ha acogido bajo un modelo vulnerador de derechos de las mujeres, lo que promueve amplios procesos de violencia en la vida privada, que culminan con femicidios. Nicaragua ha optado por penalizar este tipo de conductas mediante el delito de femicidio, con el fin de prevenir y erradicar la violencia. Dicho delito ha recibido dos reformas desde su entrada en vigencia en el año dos mil doce. A continuación, se analizará de que manera este delito ha sido normado dentro de la legislación nicaragüense y sus características principales.
El juez constitucional como garante de los derechos humanos de las personas mayores
Authors: Miranda Bonilla Haider
Published: March 2021

La presente investigación analiza la protección especial que han recibido las personas adultas mayores en sentencias de algunos Tribunales Constitucionales de la región y por la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, lo que evidencia el rol fundamental que tienen en esta temática los jueces constitucionales y convencionales.
Does Diet Impact the Risk of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?
Authors: Lewandowska Marta , Aune Dagfinn , Bristor Doug , Kassam Shireen
Published: March 2021

The incidence of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) continues to rise beyond that expected by an aging population alone. There are some established risk factors, including viral infections, autoimmune disease, occupational exposures, radiation, but the vast majority of cases remain unexplained. However, one of the most frequent questions asked by patients is ‘what about my diet’? For certain cancer types there are well-established associations with dietary exposures, such as processed meat and bowel cancer. However, for NHL the associations with dietary factors are less well established and not often considered in consultations. Given that some common NHL subtypes have a familial risk, there may be an opportunity to counsel family members on lifestyle approaches aimed at risk reduction. In this spotlight, we review evidence for the relationship between diet and the risk of NHL.
Proceedings: American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
Authors: Lin Krystal , Lawenda Steven , Williams Kim , Misquitta Rajiv
Published: March 2021

These proceedings look at evidence-based nutrition information that you did not learn in medical school.
Beyond Simple Caloric Restriction in the Management of Obesity
Authors: Kane Jamie
Published: March 2021

No abstract as this is a review article.
Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with a Whole-Food, Plant-Based Diet
Authors: Zaki Timothy A. , Sharma Gaurav , Correa Lilian M. , Polito-Moller Krisann , Shah Sapana , Joshi Shivam , McMacken Michelle M. , Freeman Andrew M.
Published: March 2021

We report the case of a 41-year-old male with severe obesity, hypertension, and an 8-year history of type 2 diabetes mellitus who achieved dramatic glycemic improvement following a 10-week low-fat, whole-food, plant based diet. Improvements in weight, blood pressure, and lipid values were noted as well.
Sponsorship
Authors: Marbas Laurie
Published: March 2021

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Lifestyle Habits of Senior Executives and Implications for Cognitive Function
Authors: McDowell-Larsen Sharon
Published: March 2021

Lifestyle behaviors such as exercise, diet, smoking, and alcohol consumption can profoundly affect long-term health outcomes like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer as well as acute and long-term cognitive function. for those in leadership roles, stamina, a baseline level of good health, and optimal cognitive function are important for leadership performance and sustainability. The purpose of this study is to describe various biometric markers and lifestyle behaviors of senior level executives and the implications for health, leadership, and brain function. Data were collected from male (n = 2925) and female (n = 574) executives who attended the Leadership at the Peak (LaP) course at the Center for Creative Leadership (CCL) between November 2007 and July 2018  fifty-two percent of male participants and 48% of female participants were maintenance exercisers. only 2.2% of males and 0.7% of females were current smokers. average servings of alcohol per week were 5.6 and 4.5 for males and females, respectively. However, 23% of executives reported drinking little to no alcohol. The average number of hours of sleep per week was 6.6 hours for both male and female executives. On average, executives were slightly overweight with an average body fat percentage of 22.6% for males and 30.1% for females and an average waist circumference of 82.7 cm and 97.5 cm for males and females, respectively. Non-high-density lipoprotein levels were above ideal at 138.3 mg/dL for males and 125.2 mg/dL for females. Daily servings of fruit and vegetable consumption was less than ideal, averaging 4.7 servings a day for females and 3.7 servings for males. Overall, senior executives are healthier than the average american; however, given that their jobs are cognitively demanding, strategies such as eating more nutrient-rich plant foods and getting adequatesleep and regular exercise are increasingly important.
Educating Patients on Nutrition Using a Short Computer-Based Video
Authors: Cole Kalonji , Wenger Danielle , Guha Anika , Yarosh Carlyn , Koney Nii , Hoffman Cheryl Heidi
Published: March 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine if computer-based videos can successfully educate patients about the health benefits of a whole-food, plant-based diet (WFPBD) during the clinic wait time. As physicians, we recognize the importance of nutrition in disease prevention and treatment. Therefore, we investigated the effectiveness of a video-based educational model in increasing patient knowledge and confidence regarding diet.
Methods: Subjects (n = 77) were recruited from an outpatient clinic. An electronic survey was developed and administered to patients before and after watching a 5-minute educational computer-based video about the beneficial health effects of WFPBD. Responses to the survey’s 10 knowledge-based (KB) questions were scoredon a dichotomous incorrect/correct scale, and the survey’s 9 confidence-based (CB) questions were scored on a likert scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Paired pre- to post-video intervention difference scores (knowledge and confidence) were calculated for each patient and independently analyzed using a related-samples Wilcoxon signed rank test. one-way ANoVA tests were used to investigate survey questions demonstrating the greatest improvement post-video intervention.
Results: Statistically significant improvements in patient knowledge and confidence in their knowledge of nutrition after watching the brief educational video on nutrition were found. Patients scored significantly higher post-video intervention than pre-video intervention on KB survey questions (z = 5.748; P< .001) and CB survey questions (z= 6.605; P< .001). Statistical significance remained across all self-reported chronic condition groups, except for obesity (oB) and atherosclerosis (AS) groups for total knowledge and AS group for total confidence. one-way ANoVA tests confirmed that self-reported chronic conditions did not significantly predict baseline (pre-intervention) total KB or CB scores. The exploratory question-specific analysis demonstrated that the survey questions regarding average daily fiber consumption (P< 0.001) and the association of saturated fats with chronic disease (P= 0.001) were the most significant predictors of the increase in patient knowledge post-intervention.
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that providing patients with a short computer-based educational video during clinic wait time can significantly increase patient knowledge on the health benefits of a WFPBD. Future studies can test the model on a larger, more varied sample of patients and gauge the longevity of the knowledge gained from this educational model.
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Resource Poor Communities in Lima, Peru: A Pilot Study
Authors: Sarver Jordan , Simon Janet , Drozek David
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the second leading cause of death inPeru, behind respiratory disease. e purpose of this study was to better quantify thelevel of CVD risk in resource poor communities of northern Lima.

Methods and findings: Data was collected from urban, impoverished communitiesof Lima, Peru consisting of demographics, dietary recall, glycosylated hemoglobin,lipids and body mass index.

Conclusion: Cardiovascular disease risk factors are prevalent with alarming percentagesof the population demonstrating abnormal values in most variables examined, andincreased risk utilizing the risk calculator. Higher levels of modifiable CVD risk factorsexist in resource poor communities in northern Lima, Peru. Lifestyle modification focusedon a plant-based diet might be an affordable, cost-effective approach to reducingCVD risk.
Effort-focused praise between friends: Effects on mindset and motivation of giver and receiver
Authors: Kakinuma Kyosuke , Nishiguti Fumika , Sonoda Kotoe , Tajiri Haruhi , Tanaka Ayumi
Published: March 2021

We examined the effects of effort-focused versus ability-focused praise between friends on individual mindset and motivation, and investigated the effects on the person receiving praise as well as on the praiser. We conducted a scenario-based experiment focusing on an everyday situation
based on cooking. The participants were 271 undergraduates who were randomly assigned to six groups, comprising a 2 (receiving or offering praise) × 3 (effort-focused praise, abilityfocused praise, or no praise) design. The results show that both receiving and offering effort-focused
praise positively and significantly affected a growth mindset and also had an indirect positive effect on persistence following failure; however, ability-focused praise affected neither mindset nor persistence. Our findings suggest that in daily friendship-based interactions, praise focused
on effort over ability encourages adaptive outcomes for both the praised individual and the person offering the praise; therefore, students need to not only praise each other but also pay attention to the type of praise offered.
Proactive personality triggers employee resilience: A dual-pathway model
Authors: Zhu Yanhan , Li Wenjie
Published: March 2021

The many uncertainties and challenges during an employee's career journey have stimulated growing scholarly interest in developing employee resilience to cope with them. Adopting an intrapersonal perspective, we extended self-determination theory to the resiliencebuilding context and
explored the means by which proactive personality influences employee resilience. Using data obtained from a sample of 650 adults employed in workplaces in Mainland China, we found that proactive personality facilitates employee resilience via increasing work-related promotion focus and perceived
insider identity. Our results provide insight into the development of employee resilience from a personality perspective through two different types of workrelated motivation. The findings also have practical implications for managers of organizations seeking alternative elements for future
employee resilience interventions.
Third-party fairness maintenance in five types of group relationships
Authors: Li Zhuang , Hu Gengdan , Xu Lei , Rui Yang
Published: March 2021

To find out if third-party fairness maintenance is affected by group relationships, we divided participants into three groups and had them play a game of third-party fairness maintenance, in which a third party chooses between keeping (not intervening), punishing, or compensating, when
the other players face unfair dictator game results. Results show that when faced with in-group unfair events, the third party tended to choose keeping or compensating strategies, and to opt not to intervene in the unfair events of the out-group. This tendency was stronger when both the dictator
and the recipient belonged to the same out-group. In addition, there was intergroup bias in maintenance of third-party fairness. When the violator was an in-group member, the third party tended to use keep and compensate strategies, and chose to punish when facing violation by the out-group.
Our findings illustrate the influence of group relationships on third-party fairness maintenance.
Preschool teachers' social support and intention to stay: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Guo Liping , Gai Guoying , Huang Mingming , Wang Anquan , Yang Liheng , Ling Xiaojun
Published: March 2021

We explored the relationship between social support and preschool teachers' intention to stay in their job, as well as the mediating role of work engagement and the moderating role of resilience. We recruited a sample of 1,693 Chinese preschool teachers to complete a survey on their
social support, work engagement, intention to stay, and resilience. Results indicate that the social support of preschool teachers was positively correlated with their intention to stay, work engagement, and resilience. Social support had a positive predictive effect on the intention to stay.
Work engagement partially mediated the effects of social support on the intention to stay. Additionally, resilience significantly moderated the effects of work engagement on the intention to stay. Thus, we have affirmed that work engagement significantly mediates the effects of social support
on the intention to stay, and that resilience moderates the second half of this mediation process.
Dampening entrepreneurial passion: The effect of observational monitoring on startup venture employees
Authors: Wu Di , Lin Haitianyu , Wang Zhongming
Published: March 2021

Observational monitoring of employees is becoming increasingly common in startup ventures in China, creating new problems regarding employee psychology—in particular, the diminishing of employee entrepreneurial passion. We conducted a survey with 303 employees of startups in China
and found that observational monitoring was negatively associated with the employees' entrepreneurial passion for inventing because it eroded employee trust in management. However, when the employees perceived a high level of psychological safety, the negative effects of observational monitoring
were mitigated. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Device-independent certification of tensor products of quantum states using single-copy self-testing protocols
Authors: Šupić Ivan , Cavalcanti Daniel , Bowles Joseph
Published: March 2021

Self-testing protocols are methods to determine the presence of shared entangled states in a device independent scenario, where no assumptions on the measurements involved in the protocol are made. A particular type of self-testing protocol, called parallel self-testing, can certify the presence of copies of a state, however such protocols typically suffer from the problem of requiring a number of measurements that increases with respect to the number of copies one aims to certify. Here we propose a procedure to transform single-copy self-testing protocols into a procedure that certifies the tensor product of an arbitrary number of (not necessarily equal) quantum states, without increasing the number of parties or measurement choices. Moreover, we prove that self-testing protocols that certify a state and rank-one measurements can always be parallelized to certify many copies of the state. Our results suggest a method to achieve device-independent unbounded randomness expansion with high-dimensional quantum states.
Prevention of Youth Deviations in Russia and Abroad
Authors: Tsinchenko G. M. , Orlova I. S.
Published: March 2021

Goals and objectives. The article analyzes the resources of support for families with disabled children living in the Leningrad region. There is substantial state support for this category of families, developing the potential of non-state support resources. The results of the government’s efforts to support families with children with disabilities, as well as the tasks set to be solved in the near and long term, are considered.

Methods. The study used a set of general scientific methods, such as analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison, system-functional and integrated approach. Within the framework of the stated theme, theoretical provisions and modern approaches have been organized by studying the works of various authors, regulatory documents and official statistics.

The theoretical and practical significance of the study is that it can be the basis for further study of social resources and life strategies of families with children with disabilities, their transformation. The analysis provides an opportunity to identify the problems of families with children with disabilities in Leningrad, actualizes the importance of state policy regarding these categories of families, both in the process of formation and in its implementation. The materials provide us with positive results achieved by the authorities of the Leningrad region and identify ways to further develop both state and non-state social support for families with children with disabilities in the region.

Results and conclusions. The article presents the results of the research of the resources of state and non-state social support for families with children with disabilities in The Leningrad region. Conclusions have been drawn on the need to unite the efforts of state and non-state resources in this direction.
PERILAKU HEDONISME PADA WANITA SOSIALITA
Authors: Tobing Alex W. Fahri
Published: March 2021

Penelitan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai perspektif hedonisme pada wanita sosialita. Penelitian ini menggunakan tipe penelitian Studi Kasus Instrumental dengan melibatkan seorang partisipan penelitian yang terlibat dalam beberapa grup sosialita di Surabaya antara lain WOSCA, IWAPI dan TDA. Partisipan penelitian ini kemudian diwawancarai dengan menggunakan wawancara semi terstruktur untuk mengetahui gambaran mengenai perilaku hedonis pada wanita sosialita. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa partisipan cenderung menganggap bahwa perilaku hedonis di kalangan wanita sosialita merupakan sebuah bentuk interaksi sosial yang juga terjadi di kelompok sosial lainnya. Partisipan menganggap bahwa beberapa faktor yang terkait dengan pelabelan hidup mewah pada wanita sosialita adalah pemaknaan identitas sosial yang cenderung eksklusif dan adanya motif berpengaruh dari anggota, sementara faktor eksternal yang mempengaruhi antara lain adalah kurangnya komunikasi dengan masyarakat, minimnya aktivitas sosial dan pencitraan di media sosial yang berlebihan.
AKTIVITAS HUMAS SEBAGAI FUNGSI MANAJEMEN DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN DI BIRO HUMAS DAN PROTOKOL SEKRETARIAT DAERAH PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGAH
Authors: Rahmarini Giska Mala
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mengetahui aktivitas humas sebagai fungsi manajemen dalam pengambilan keputusan di Biro Humas dan Protokol Sekretariat Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Dasar penelitian ini menggunkan metode studi kasus. Informan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 7 orang yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Jenis data yaitu data primer dan sekunder kemudian teknik penggumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam pelaksanaan pekerjaannya, Humas akan menggunakan konsep-konsep manajemen untuk mempermudah pelaksanaan tugas-tugasnya. Menentukan masalah (defining the problem), Perencanaan dan penyusunan program (planning and programming), Melakukan tindakan dan berkomunikasi (taking action and communicating), Evaluasi program (evaluating the program), Pada dasarnya keempat proses humas yang penulis lihat dan jelaskan pada biro humas dan protokol di atas merupakan sistem yang saling terkait dalam pelaksanaannya. Kemudian, humas selalu dekat dengan pimpinan dan pimpinan tentunya tidak lepas dari yang namanya pengambilan keputusan. Pengambilan keputusan sangat penting dalam manajemen dan merupakan tugas utama dari seorang pemimpin. Pada Biro Humas sendiri, tugas humas sebatas pemberian saran namun tidak sepenuhnya dapat mempengaruhi keputusan dari pimpinan. Jika hanya keputusan yang tidak terlalu formal dalam artian bukan suatu peraturan perundangan yang mengikat dan membutuhkan rapat dalam pengambilan keputusannya, memang saran humas sering mempengaruhi pimpinan. Karena pada dasarnya keputusan utama ada ditangan gubernur itu sendiri.
MAKNA SIMBOLIK MENDIRIKAN RUMAH PADA ETNIS TA’A DESA DOLAGO KABUPATEN PARIGI MOUTONG
Authors: Faranda Dian
Published: March 2021

Adat mendirikan rumah adalah salah satu bagian dari tradisi budaya masyarakat Ta’a, yang telah diciptakan dan diekspresikan baik secara pribadi dan kelompok dalam masyarakat. Tradisi membangun rumah ini memiliki seperangkat nilai dan aturan sebagai bentuk simbol yang mengandung   makna. Hal inilah yang menjadi kajian semiotik. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagaimana proses mendirikan rumah pada etnis Ta’a, simbol apa saja yang  dimunculkan  dalam  tradisi  mendirikan  rumah  dan  apa  makna  dari  simbol  yang digunakan dalam tradisi tersebut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Dolago, Kecamatan Parigi  Selatan,  Kabupaten  Parigi  moutong  Propinsi  Sulawesi  Tengah.  Metode  yang digunakan  yaitu metode kualitatif dan selanjutnya data dideskripsikan.  Penarikan sampel ditentukan  dengan  cara  purposive  sampling.  Kemudian  data  dianalisis  menggunakan semiotika Peirce. Adapun simbol yang menjadi kajiannya yaitu uratana, tiang tengah, molanda ayu oo(menginjak kayu keras), dan kalimat yang diucapkan ketika prosesi berlangsung serta benda dan makanan tersebut memiliki makna yaitu   dapat   menjauhkan pemilik rumah dari hal-hal buruk seperti dijauhkan dari penyakit, dimudahkan rejeki, dan keharmonisan dalam rumah tangga selalu terjaga.
GAYA KOMUNIKASI KEPALA DESA DALAM MENINGKATKAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT PADA PEMBANGUNAN DESA KETONG KEC. BALAESANG TANJUNG KAB. DONGGALA
Authors: Fikri
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini difokuskan pada gaya komunikasi kepala desa dalam meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat pada pembangunan desa ketong kec balaesang tanjung kabupaten donggala. Dengan menggunakan beberapa teori yang dikemukakan oleh senjaya sebagai acuan di dalam penelitian ini. Teknik penentuan informan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, jumlah informan dalam penelitian ini adalah 6 orang, yang terdiri dari Kepala Desa, Sekretaris Desa, Kaur Pemerintahan, Ketua BPD, dan Masyarakat 2 orang. Dimana keenam informan tersebut dianggap sangat memahami permasalahan yang sedang diteliti. Tipe penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif, sebelum proses penelitian berlangsung peneliti melakukan observasi terlebih dahulu, setelah itu peneliti melakukan penelitian lebih dalam dengan melalui teknik wawancara dalam mengumpulkan data penelitian yang diperlukan. Setelah melihat hasil penelitian yang telah diuraikan ada bab sebelumnya, maka pada bagian ini peneliti menarik sebuah kesimpulan bahwa dalam menggunakan gaya komunikasinya, Kepala Desa Ketong Kecamatan Balaesang Tanjung Kabupaten Donggala menggunakan beberapa gaya komunikasi di dalam oganisasinya, diantara beberapa gaya komunikasi yang ia gunakan tersebut ialah gaya mengendalikan, gaya berlandaskan kesamaan, gaya struktur serta gaya dinamis, dimana setiap gaya komunikasi yang ia gunakan tersebut disesuaikan dengan kondisi yang ada di dalam organisasinya. Selain itu, peneliti melihat bahwa Kepala Desa Ketong lebih dominan menggunakan mengendalikan dan gaya struktur di dalamorganisasinya, hal ini dikarenakan Kepala Desa Ketong selalu menggunakan gaya mengendalikan dan gaya struktur di dalama menerapkan gaya komunikasinya sebagai pemimpin di Desa tersebut.
PERLAWANAN MASYARAKAT ATAS IMPLEMENTASI CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILTY (CSR) PT. DONGGI SENORO LIQUFIED NATURAL GAS (LNG) DI KELURAHAN BALANTANG KECAMATAN BATUI KABUPATEN BANGGAI
Authors: Riansyah Moh. , Lampe Ilyas
Published: March 2021

Program CSR oleh PT. Donggi Senoro Liquefied Natural Gas yang berlangsung dari tahun 2013 hingga tahun 2019, dinilai belum maksimal dan kurangnya perhatian kepada masyarakat sekitar tapak proyek. Sehingga lahirnya gerakan sosial masyarakat. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan gambaran Gerakan Sosial masyarakat atas program Corporate Social Responsibility PT. Donggi Senoro Liquefied Natural Gas dan bagaimana pelaksanaan program Corporate Social Responsibility oleh PT. Donggi Senoro Liquefied Natural Gas. Penelitian ini, merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, Informan dipilih berdasarkan kepentingan penelitian yang terdiri dari masyarakat, tokoh gerakan, mahasiswa, kepala Kelurahan, dan aparatur Kecamatan. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan studi dokumentasi. Perlawanan yang terjadi adalah bermula dari kekecewaan masyarakat atas janji perusahaan, sehingga menghasilkan pertentangan antara perusahaan dan masyarakat sampai aksi-aksi protes melalui media sosial, hingga berujung aksi unjuk rasa/demostrasi yang tuntutanya adalah bantuan pendidikan untuk pelajar dan perhatian perusahaan atas kewajibanya kepada masyarakat. Implementasi CSR di Kelurahan Balantang terdapat tiga program yang di Laksanakan yaitu program kemanusiaan program kesehatan dan program sosial. Bentuk dan program adalah pemberian beasiswa donasi baju sekolah dan bukubuku Selanjutnya memberikan pelatihan kepada tenaga kesehatan posyandu dan sosialisasi cara hidup sehat kepada masyarakat Hingga bantuan rumah pintar bagi masyarakat.
KOMUNIKASI POLITIK JOKOWI MELALUI DIPLOMASI DI MEJA MAKAN
Authors: Rusdin Rusmawaty Bte.
Published: March 2021

Komunikasi politik meja makan ala jokowi ini sangat efektif meraih simpati masyarakat. Sehingga tak heran jika Jokowi melakukan hal yang sama ketika menjadi berlanjut menjadi Gubernur DKI Jakarta sampai menjadi Presiden Republik Indonesia untuk kedua kalinya. Makanan digunakan alat komunikasi politik dalam berdiplomasi. Sejarah telah mencatat bahwa sesungguhnya makanan menjadi alat diplomasi yang baik, koneksi yang menghubungkan antarmanusia, budaya, dan masyarakat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan metode analisis deskriptif, yang bertujuan untuk menggambarkan tentang komunikasi politik meja makan ala Jokowi untuk kepentingan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan penulis adalah metode berbasis telaah pustaka, yang bersumber dari berbagai literatur, sepsserti buku-buku, jurnaljurnal, artikel, surat kabar harian, dan internet yang terkait dengan permasalahan dalam penelitian ini. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis juga menggunakan teknik analisis data kualitatif, yang menganalisa komunikasi politik meja makan ala Jokowi.
PERAN JURNALIS MCTV AJATAPPARENG DALAM MENANGKAL PEMBERITAAN HOAX LOKAL DI KABUPATEN SIDRAP
Authors: Nirma
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu (1) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana jurnalis berupaya menangkal pemberitaan hoax lokal di Sidrap. Tipe penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif atau masalah sosial yang dideskripsikan dari hasil wawancara dengan informan dan disandikan oleh penulis. Penelitian deskriptif bertujuan melukiskan secara sistematik fakta atau karakteristik tertentu atau bidang tertentu secara aktual dan cermat. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti melakukan analisa deskriptif terhadap menangkal pemberitaan hoax, adapun objek penelitian ini adalah peran wartawan dalam menangkal pemberitaan hoax lokal di Sidrap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Fenomena yang terjadi saat ini yaitu maraknya berita-berita hoax yang menyebar, sehingga dapat membuat masyarakat merasa tidak aman, tidak nyaman, serta kebingungan. Dalam hal ini jurnalis dalam menangkal pemberitaan hoax lokal di Sidrap minimal harus mengimbangi dengan berita-berita positif, mencari, melaporkan dan meyakinkan kebenaran kepada publik. Jurnalisme di Sidrap dalam rangka mengantisipasi berita hoax melakukan tahapan- tahapan yaitu akurasi, objektifitas, fairness (adil) dan akuntabilitas kepada publik. Kebenaran dalam jurnalisme adalah semua hal yang berhubungan fakta yang didapatkan dari sumber yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Sebelum dipublikasikan kepada masyarakat, jurnalis dalam menangkal pemberitaan hoax lokal melakukan upaya-upaya agar berita yang dihasilkan memiliki keakuratan yang terjamin dengan jalan memeriksa kembali nama dari narasumber beserta kutipannya, dan jangan sampai tertukar atau merekam seluruh pembicaraan agar kita bisa menulis kata perkata dengan tepat dengan apa yang dibicarakan oleh narasumber.
JARINGAN KOMUNIKASI AKSI CEPAT TANGGAP (ACT) DALAM PENANGANAN TANGGAP DARURAT PASCA BENCANA DI KOTA PALU
Authors: Lestari Zulvaningsih
Published: March 2021

ACT adalah yayasan yang bergerak di bidang sosial dan kemanusiaan. ACT mengembangkan aktivitasnya, mulai dari kegiatan tanggap darurat, pemulihan pasca bencana, pemberdayaan dan pengembangan masyarakat. Pada tahun 2018 untuk pertama kalinya ACT berada di Kota Palu, memiliki 16 posko wilayah, 36 posko unit dan 159 posko dapur umum yang terbagi di wilayah Sulteng. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan jaringan komunikasi ACT pada saat penanganan pasca bencana di Kota Palu, adapun data informan diperoleh dari observasi awal di Kantor ACT cabang Sul-Teng. Penelitian ini merupakan tipe penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi partisipasi, wawancara mendalam dan dokumen. Informan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah delapan (8) orang. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan, ACT membangun jaringan dengan membangun posko kemanusiaan menggunakan jaringan yang telah terbentuk sebelumnya. Melalui posko ini banyak yang ingin ikut terlibat langsung dalam penanganan tanggap darurat hingga pasca bencana yang di lakukan oleh ACT kemudian hal ini membuat jaringan ACT makin berkembang dalam membangun jaringan ACT menggunakan pola semua saluran yang dimana pola ini tidak harus mengikuti garis struktur koordinasi. Adapun pola internal yang digunakan oleh ACT ialah pola semua saluran dan pola rantai. Pola rantai digunakan untuk menerima intruksi atau perintah dari atasan sedangkan pola semua saluran, semua anggota memiliki kekuatan yang sama untuk mempengaruhi anggota lainnya.
Antibiotic Stewardship Program’s potential impacts on financial and clinical outcomes in a public hospital: a Real-World study
Authors: Garbero Rodrigo , Silveira Nathalia Lobão Barroso de Souza , Simões Analice Alves , Martins Gabriela Alves , Cruz Ludmilla Vale da , Zuben Vinícius Gabriel Monteiro von , Rodrigues Camila Serra , Silva Natan da , Lopes Derek Chaves
Published: March 2021

Background: In times of antibiotic resistance, Antimicrobial Stewardship
Programs (ASP) emerge as a strategy to improve clinical outcomes and
hospital resource management. Methods: The study was conducted on a
single-center retrospective cohort of adult inpatients admitted to a
public hospital in Brazil’s capital and submitted to ASP from September
2018 to April 2019, aiming to assess the clinical and economic impact of
following ASP instructions. Results: The medical records of 449 patients
were included. Mean age was 54.92 years, with a predominance of male sex
273 (60.93%), and 374 (83.48%) had comorbidities. Only 52.56% of the
prescriptions followed the guidelines of ASP. The study demonstrated a
significant improvement in clinical outcomes, such as a reduction of
mortality (p=0.01), of hospital length of stay (p<0.01) and of
ICU admissions (p<0.01). We also detected potential savings
per patient provided by compliance with ASP’s recommendations.
Conclusion: The present study was able to demonstrate positive clinical
outcomes associated with the implementation of an ASP in a real-world
scenario.
Vertebroplasty as a palliative treatment option for intractable pain in pediatric patients with spinal tumors
Authors: Leite Leandro Cardarelli , Rassekh Shahrad , D'Ortenzio Robert , Heran Manraj
Published: March 2021

Background: Primary and secondary malignant tumors of the spine are
relatively uncommon in the pediatric population but are associated with
high morbidity and significantly decreased quality of life due to pain.
Local management of these tumors is often challenging due to the
importance of maintaining vertebral mechanical integrity as well as the
spinal growth potential. Typically, surgery and/or radiation therapy
have been used in the primary management of these tumors. However,
treatment options become more limited when there is relapse or
refractory disease, with re-resection or additional radiotherapy often
not being viable therapies. The purpose of this study was to assess the
feasibility of percutaneous vertebroplasty as a palliative treatment for
intractable pain secondary to malignant tumors affecting the spine.
Procedure: A retrospective review of all cases of vertebroplasty
performed at a single institution between 2003 and 2020. Results: A
total of 11 vertebral levels were treated in 3 children with relapsed
cancers (two with alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, and one with Wilms tumor).
All three had clinical benefit with sustained significant improvement in
their pain. Conclusions: Vertebroplasty is a currently underutilized
modality that might provide excellent pain palliation in cases of
relapsed cancer in the spine. Future prospective studies of its use in
pediatric oncology are needed.