bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analytical prediction of tension force on stirrups in concrete beams longitudinally reinforced with CFRP bars
Authors: Thamrin Rendy
Published: August 2018

An analytical study to predict the tension force of stirrups in concrete beams that are longitudinally reinforced with Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) bars was carried out. Modified Compression Field Theory (MCFT) was applied in this study and a computer program was developed to facilitate the calculation process. The analytical results were compared with empirical formula and test data adopted from experimental study. Three concrete beams longitudinally reinforced with CFRP bars and transversely reinforced with steel bars were tested. Stirrups spacing was used as test variable. The beams were tested until failure and strains on the stirrups measured. The comparison between test results and the MCFT results shows that MCFT predicts the growth of tension force in stirrups well.
One-way translational magnetic mass damper model for structural response control against dynamic loadings
Authors: Bahaman Nurulashikin , Sk Abdul Razak Sk Muiz , Adnan Azlan , Zaiha Zainol Norrazman , Yahya Norhaizura , Muhamad Khairunnisa , Nurfaidhi Rizalman Ahmad , Ezdiani Mohamad Mazizah , Adibah Ayuni Abd Malek Nur
Published: August 2018

Structural responses should be reduced to minimize the consequent structural damage caused by dynamic excitation. The one-way translational magnetic mass damper model is developed as a new type of damper for the purpose of structural response control. The damper utilizes the concept of repulsive force between magnets with same poles to create a magnetic force to stabilize or bring the structure back to its original position. The dynamic performance of the structure was tested using a harmonic shaking table. In this study, the three parameters used are excitation speeds: 2.5V (low), 6.0V (medium) and 8.5V (high); strength of magnets: weak (N35), medium (N45) and strong (N52); and the mass in the damper: 40 g, 101 g and 162 g. The correlations of the parameters towards the structural displacement are verified in the testing. The displacement is highly reduced up to 100% at the first level and 85.2% at the fifth level. The most optimum structural response control was attained when a strong magnetic strength and mass of 162 g are used. When tested with three excitation speeds; 2.5V, 6.0V and 8.5V, the damper with this setting provides the optimum damping effect towards the structure in terms of displacement.
A comparative study of base isolation devices in light rail transit structure featured with lead rubber bearing and friction pendulum system
Authors: Nuraini Santi , Tambusay Asdam , Suprobo Priyo
Published: August 2018

Advanced nonlinear analysis in light rail transit (LRT) structures has been undertaken to examine the influence of seismic isolation devices for reducing seismic demand. The study employed the use of two types of commercially available bearings, namely lead rubber bearing (LRB) and friction pendulum system (FPS). Six LRT structures, designed to be built in Surabaya, were modelled using computer-aided software SAP2000, where each of the three structures consisted of three types of LRB and FPS placed onto the pier cap to support the horizontal upper-structural member. Nonlinear static pushover and dynamic time history analysis with seven improved ground motion data was performed to gain improved insights on the behavioural response of LRT structures, allowing one to fully understand the supremacy of seismic isolations for protecting the structure against seismic actions. It is shown that both devices manage to isolate seismic forces, resulting in alleviation of excessive base shear occurring at the column. In addition, it is noticeable that the overall responses of LRB and FPS shows marginal discrepancies, suggesting both devices are interchangeable to be used for LRT-like structures.
Application of high strength reinforcing bars in earthquake-resistant structure elements
Authors: Setiadi Kamaruddin Kurniawan , Imran Iswandi , Derry Imansyah Maulana , Riyansyah Muhammad , Ariyanto Aris
Published: August 2018

Currently, design of reinforced concrete buildings is still dominated with normal strength reinforcing bars, not exceeding 420 MPa yield strength. Meanwhile, the use of higher strength reinforcing bars tend to increase due to some benefits in the construction, such as reducing the total weight of reinforcing bars and alleviating reinforcing bars congestions. In this study, reinforcing bars with yield strength of 520 MPa are utilized in the reinforced concrete beam-column joint. The objective is to study the seismic performance of reinforced concrete beam-column joints. A total of 3 interior beam-column joints, half-scaled specimens with different yield strengths and bar diameters was tested. One of the test specimens which was 16 mm diameter and had normal strength reinforcing bar. The other two specimens use high strength reinforcing bars, and have 16 mm and 19 mm diameter bars. Loading protocol of all the specimens is conformed with ACI 374.2. Dissipation energy and deformability of the joints is then compared. Normalized energy dissipation of the specimens with high strength reinforcing bars was slightly lower than that of the specimens with normal reinforcing bars. However, specimens with high strength reinforcing bars tend to have smaller deformability than that of the specimens with normal reinforcing bars.
Comparative study of behaviour of reinforced concrete beam-column joints with reference to monolithic and non-monolithic connection
Authors: Catur Endah Yuliati Ninik , Sri Murni Dewi , Wisnumurti  , Ari Wibowo
Published: August 2018

The implementation method of reinforced concrete construction has progressed very rapidly. This development aims to speed up time and reduce costs. One of the most widely used methods is the precast method, but the less popular precast method is used for simple storey buildings. Therefore, in this study the semi-precast method, which is easy to implement in a simple storey building, was presented. Parts of columns and beams were cast in place with different casting times. Therefore, the connection become non-monolithic. This study presented a comparison between the deflection and the static load capacity that can be received by the connection of reinforced concrete beam-column which is monolithically connected and non- monolithic. 3 sets of specimens were made to represent monolithic and non-monolithic specimens. The nonmonolithic specimens were made with 2 models, i.e. without and with a notch. The beam-column connections were tested experimentally and compared to the monolithic beam-column connection. The results showed that the notch on non-monolithic test specimens can increase the load capacity and reduce deflection compared to the specimen test without notch. The experimental results also showed that the strength and performance of structural non-monolithic beam-column connections were as good as those of monolithic beam-column joints.
Stress-strain response of high-volume fly ash self-compacting concrete (HVFA-SCC) under uniaxial loading and its effect on the reinforced HVFA-SCC nominal strength
Authors: Kristiawan Stefanus , Sunarmasto  , Budi Agus S , Kurniawati Desi C
Published: August 2018

Utilization of High-Volume Fly Ash-Self Compacting Concrete (HVFA-SCC) as a reinforced concrete structural element requires a rational analysis to accommodate the mechanical characteristics of HVFASCC. This study aims to investigate and analyze the mechanical characteristics of HVFA-SCC by examining the experimentally obtained complete stress-strain behavior of this concrete. The results indicate that the compression stress-strain curve of HVFA-SCC is diverse to that of normal concrete (NC) in which the average area under the curve represents 64% to that of NC. Consequently, the equivalent rectangular compression stress for calculating the nominal flexural strength of reinforced HVFASCC section should be modified by a factor of 0.64. Based on this theoretical analysis, a close agreement exists between the predicted nominal flexural strength and the experimental result.
High volume fly ash as substitution of fine aggregates with the proportion of 50%, 60%, and 70% to the shear strength of reinforced concrete beams
Authors: Lisantono Ade , Yoso Wigroho Haryanto , Krisna Murti Daniel
Published: August 2018

Indonesia has plenty of fly ash as waste materials of coalburning thermal power stations. Fly ash was usually used as a supplementary cementitious material in concrete. One of the basic materials of concrete is fine aggregates which are taken from natural resources. Substitution of fine aggregates by using high volume fly ash concrete (HVFAC) can save the natural deposit of fine aggregates. Fly ash with the portion of 50 %; 60 %; and 70 % as replacement of fine aggregates in concrete was carried out to study the effect on the shear strength of reinforced concrete beam through an experimental program. Eight beams were cast and tested. Two beams were cast and made of normal concrete as control beams, while six others beams were cast and made of HVFAC as replacement of fine aggregates by mass (two beams with 50 % of fly ash; two beams with 60 % of fly ash; two beams with 70 % of fly ash). There were no shear reinforcements in the shear-test regions of the beams. The experimental results show that the load-carrying capacities of HVFAC beams increased with the increase of the portion of fly ash as replacement of fine aggregates.
Predicting bending creep of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) beams from initial creep test data
Authors: Basuki Achmad , Awaludin Ali , Suhendro Bambang , Siswosukarto Suprapto
Published: August 2018

This paper presents the results of creep tests of Laminated Veneer Lumber Sengon (LVL Sengon) beams, aiming to determine the creep factor and to establish the prediction beam deflection based on the initial creep test data. The LVL Sengon beams have a cross section of 40 mm by 80 mm and a clear span length of 2,000 mm, they were loaded at midspan for three different stress levels: 30%, 40%, and 50% of the ultimate load within 30, 60, and 90 days. Each loading level consists of four repetitive beams where one beam was wrapped with a plastic sheet. The test results showed that for 90 days the bending creep test can not determine the secondary creep yet. Curve fitting of bending creep test data indicated that the parameters of the Modified Burger creep model of the first 30 days can be accurately used to predict the beam deflection curve up to 60 and 90 days of loading.
Aerodynamic performance of long span steel truss bridges in Indonesia
Authors: Made Suangga , Herry Irpanni
Published: August 2018

Indonesia is the world’s largest archipelago with many major rivers in the big islands of Sumatera, Kalimantan, and Java. As part of its road network, major bridges are constructed to cross these rivers. Considering the span of the bridges and its aesthetic point of view, the application of Long Span Steel Truss Bridges in Indonesia is very popular among others. Its span varies from 70 to 270 meters in length. For long span bridges, aerodynamics is an important aspect for the design and construction of the bridges. In order to ensure the stability of the bridges against the aerodynamic effect of the wind, wind tunnel study and test has been conducted for most of the bridges. This paper presents the parameter and characteristic of several Long Span Steel Truss Bridges in Indonesia, i.e. Tayan Kapuas Bridge, Musi VI Bridge, New Kutai Kartanegara Bridges and Teluk Mesjid Bridge. The bridges will be assessed against BD 49/01. Parameters and assessment results are then compared with wind tunnel results.
Application of NDT apparatus for possible use as structural health monitoring of concrete building in the field
Authors: Akmaluddin Akmaluddin , Kencanawati Ni Nyoman , Gazi Paedullah Ahmad
Published: August 2018

A condition assessment of reinforced concrete building structures can be conducted accurately when the components of the building structure data are available. Otherwise, data must be developed through testing directly in the field. Non-Destructive Test method (NDT) was considered to avoid disruptions to the existing building structures. This study aims to develop a model for interpreting the residual strength of concrete structures in the field. Nine cylinder specimens with a diameter of 150 mm and a height of 300 mm and 27 cube specimens of 200x200x200 mm were prepared. Nine reinforced concrete beam specimens of 100x150x1100 mm were also prepared to represent a component of the reinforced concrete structure. Hammer and UPV apparatuses were applied to the cylinder and cube specimens considered. Results concluded that the value of the pulse velocity is directly proportional to the load and inversely proportional to the residual strength. The concrete structure with a residual strength of more than 60% is considered healthy or a structural in “good” condition. The concrete structure is also healthy when the v measured gives a value of 3.5 and above. This value is acceptable as it lies within the range v given in the reference of 3.5 to 4.5.
Ground anchors corrosion - the beginning of the end
Authors: Liao Hung-Jiun
Published: August 2018

Ground anchor corrosion is a common problem for anchored slopes in Taiwan. It is partly due to the humid climate condition and abundant groundwater in the slope and partly due to poor corrosion protection of anchor design and construction. In 2010, an anchored slope at Taiwan National Freeway No. 3 failed suddenly after 13 years of service. It buried 3 cars and killed 4 people. It caught the public’s attention and initiated the island-wide program on over hauling the anchors slopes in Taiwan. Since this event, the Ministry of Transportation and Communication (MOTC) of Taiwan government had launched an extensive inspection and maintenance program for the existing anchored slopes along the freeways, highways, and railways. Totally, more than 100,000 ground anchors had been inspected. This paper will evaluate the findings from this inspection program. It includes (1) the status quo of the anchors regarding the corrosion condition and the residual load that remained on the existing anchors; (2) remedial measures taken to sustain the serviceability of existing corroding anchors; (3) measures taken to enhance the long-term durability of new anchors without changing the strand material and the practice of anchor construction commonly used by the local contractors.
Predicting heave on the expansive soil
Authors: Diana Willis , Widianti Anita , Hartono Edi , Setyo Muntohar Agus
Published: August 2018

The heave of expansive soil information is a fundamental part of the preparation of a foundation design to accommodate the anticipated volume change and consequences associated with the foundation movement over the design life of the structure. The one-dimensional oedometer is the most widely accepted method to identify and evaluate the amount of swell that may occur. Although the oedometer is used extensively for evaluating the amount of heave, the procedures used are quite varied, and few of the methods have been validated experimentally. An objective of this research study is to briefly explain common practices and existing heave prediction by oedometer methods and then, to validate by experimental laboratory heave tests using soil sample from Ngawi. The two prediction methods provided results that represent low and upper bound predictions of the actual soil heave movement in the laboratory. The difference between the prediction with heave measurement is about 29,50% and 45,02%, respectively.
Expansive soil improvement of Glagahagung village, Purwoharjo sub-district, Banyuwangi district, which is chemically stabilized
Authors: Purnama Putra Paksitya , Ayu Paramiswari Diah , Ilham Abdullah , Ma’ruf M. Farid
Published: August 2018

Expansive soil can be easily found at Purwoharjo, a sub-district of Banyuwangi. Swelling and shrinkage behavior of the soil is usually referred to by the local community as a “moving soil” phenomenon. It causes cracks on a number of buildings which is a major issue in that area. Various methods of expansive soil stabilization are available. This work intends to lay comparisons on stabilizations using wood charcoal powder and salt. The stabilizing materials are mixed with the soils under different proportion. Volume weight, index properties, and dry density are parameters to be investigated during the stabilization process. The results show that salt stabilized expansive soil is better than wood charcoal powder. 15% proportion of salt to soils weight increases the density by about 20%. Meanwhile, the stabilized soil is as a result of change to low plasticity silt (ML) from previously high plasticity soil (CH) of the original one.
The effect of egg shell powder on the compression strength of fine-grained soil
Authors: Silmi Surjandari Niken , Harya Dananjaya Raden , Jauharotus S Ely
Published: August 2018

High plasticity clay has several problems including a high plasticity index and low bearing capacity. Stabilization of high plasticity clay is still extensively explored, especially for a low-cost and easily obtainable material. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of eggshell powder (ESP) on high plasticity clay. This research uses a soil sample obtained from Jenggrik Village, Ngawi Regency, East Java. Furthermore, the problematic soils at liquidity index of 0 - 1.25 are mixed with the ESP in various percentages, i.e. 0%, 10%, 15%, 20%. Several laboratory tests have been conducted to examine the effects of the mixtures, such as index properties, unconfined compressive strength and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The result indicates that the liquidity index affects the soil stabilized by ESP. SEM test results show that the soil structure changes, it becomes dense on a mixture containing 10% ESP. The conclusion of this research is that the higher the liquidity, the lower the strength.
Inverse distance weighting interpolated soil properties and their related landslide occurrences
Authors: B. Santoso Purwanto , Yanto  , Apriyono Arwan , Suryani Rani
Published: August 2018

The causes of landslides can be categorized into three factors: climate, topographic, and soil properties. In many cases, thematic maps of landslide hazards do not involve slope stability analyses to predict the region of potential landslide risks. Slope stability calculation is required to determine the safety factor of a slope. The calculation of slope stability requires the soil properties, such as soil cohesion, the internal friction angle and the depth of hard-rock. The soil properties obtained from the field and laboratory investigation from the western part of Central Java were interpolated using Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) to estimate the unknown soil properties in the gridded area. In this research, the IDW optimum parameter was determined by validation toward the percent bias. It was found that the IDW interpolation using higher weighting factor corresponds with a higher percent bias in case of the depth of hard-rock and soil cohesion, while the opposite was found for the internal friction angle. Validation to landslide incidents in western parts of Central Java shows that the majority of landslide incidents occur at depths of hard rock of 6 m-8 m, at soil cohesions of 0.0 kg/cm2-0.2 kg/cm2, and at internal friction angles of 30°-40°.
Parametric study on the behaviour of bagasse ash-calcium carbide residue stabilized soil
Authors: Tri Hatmoko John , Suryadharma Hendra
Published: August 2018

A series of experiments including unconfined compression tests, three-axial tests, compaction tests, and split tensile tests were undertaken to investigate the influence of compaction parameters on the behaviour of bagasse ash-calcium carbide residue stabilized soil. A preliminary study on soil with the addition of 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, and 12% calcium carbide residue established that the lime fixation point (LFP) was 4%. Then 9% bagasse ash was added to soil with 4% calcium carbide residue, and the cation exchanges and pozzolanic reactions were investigated. The addition of calcium carbide residue to bagasse ash stabilized soil caused short-term changes due to cation exchange reactions, including an increase in the friction angle and cohesion in the stabilized soil. In addition, due to the short-term reaction, the maximum stiffness in three-axial tests occurred in the samples moulded with less than their optimum moisture content (OMC), whereas the peak strength occurred in the samples moulded at their OMC. After a 28-day curing period, pozzolanic reactions improved significantly the three-axial peak strength and stiffness of the stabilized soil, and the maximum three-axial shear strength and stiffness occurred in the samples prepared below their OMC.
Application of deflection bowl parameters for assessing different structures of road pavement
Authors: Hario Setiadji Bagus
Published: August 2018

To date, non-destruction testing (NDT) method is the most popular method to assess the condition of road pavement. Among all evaluation procedures of the NDT method, load-deflection backcalculation analysis is one that is developed widely to understand the structural behavior of road pavement. On one side, the use of this analysis is greatly beneficial for presenting the layer characteristic accurately. However, the analysis requires specialist expertise. To overcome this, deflection bowl parameter application could become one alternative. The parameters are very easy to use; however, the intention of the parameters so far is only as an indication of the condition of the structural layer of the road pavement. Therefore, the parameters have to be used with careful consideration. In this study, the parameters were evaluated to determine the optimal usage of the parameters against different structures of road pavements. The results showed that a simplification of the number of parameters and a reformulation of the parameters were required by taking into account the ease of use in practice, the accuracy of subgrade modulus determination and the possibility to evaluate pavement structures with a layer number less than four.
The influence of vehicle speed changes at mechanistic performance of asphalt mixture
Authors: Rum Harnaeni Senja , Budiarto Arif , Pramesti F. Pungky , Setyawan Ary
Published: August 2018

Asphalt mixture is a viscoelastic material. Several factors affect the behavior of a viscoelastic material. Temperature and loading time are the most critical of these parameters. Vehicle speed affects time loading, therefore it’s very important to know the influence of vehicle speed changes in mechanistic performance of bitumen and asphalt mixture with different aggregate gradation types, namely dense graded and gap graded. Based on data of bitumen penetration, bitumen softening point, volume of bitumen, volume of aggregate and volume of voids, mechanistic performance of bitumen and asphalt mixture influenced by vehicle speed changes can be predicted using the software BANDS 2.0. The variation of vehicle speed will be carried out to see its significance. The results of the BANDS 2.0 simulation show that vehicle speed changes influence bitumen stiffness, asphalt mix stiffness and fatigue life asphalt mix. The higher the vehicle speed is, the higher bitumen stiffness and asphalt mix stiffness will be, but fatigue life asphalt mix will be lower. At the same vehicle speed, asphalt mix stiffness of dense graded mixture will be higher than gap graded mixture. The other way for fatigue life asphalt mix.
System model for physical conditions of road components in Magetan district
Authors: Gadha Gilang Kencana Ferro , Setyawan Ary , Syafi’i
Published: August 2018

Road an important component for a region, as well as for Magetan Regency, its position is located at the end of East Java, making the road infrastructure very useful. For this reason, it is necessary to assess the condition of the pavement and the outer side of the pavement and get results. The assessment model of the national road component condition in Magetan district was developed by adopting a condition index system according to the weight and hierarchy of each road component. The weighting of road components using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method through questionnaires resulted in the weight of pavement components 0,80 and for the components outside the pavement of 0.20 with the road shoulder sub component having a weight of 0.37; drainage channel / edge 0.33; edge slopes 0.15; sidewalks of 0.09 and 0.06 and pavement values using the PCI method, where the results of road performance when observed from pavement or out of pavement spawn periodic maintenance.
Crashworthiness assessment of double-hull tanker structures under ship grounding actions
Authors: Prabowo Aditya Rio , Sohn Jung Min , Bae Dong Myung , Harsritanto Bangun IR
Published: August 2018

Ship grounding is considered as a serious maritime accident which highly contributes to environmental pollution. This impact phenomenon attracts audiences to be studied and assessed since in an instantaneous moment, oil or waste from the damaged bottom tank can spill and contaminate wide water territory. In this study, grounding scenario is modelled as hard grounding where a rock geometry is chosen as representative of oceanic obstruction. The contribution of several main parameters, such as target component and oceanic obstruction are evaluated. The method is to apply a virtual experiment by nonlinear finite element (FE) method to conduct a simulation. A chemical tanker is taken as representative of a marine structure which is subjected to impact load on its bottom structure during interaction with the obstruction. The results indicate that the space between girders provides less resistance in the crushing process. The internal energy in this work is presented to estimate the strength capability of the impacted component, which is followed by the deformation pattern on the lower part of the bottom structure. Finally, the effect of the obstruction on failure sequences in grounding is summarised.
Evaluation of hub-spoke airport networks in Sumatra island, Indonesia to increase efficiency of air transportation
Authors: Sugiyanto Gito , Bekti Santosa Purwanto , Jajang  , Fadli Ari , Yumei Santi Mina
Published: August 2018

Kualanamu International Airport is the busiest airport in Sumatra. In 2015, it served 8 million passengers and 41.6 thousand tons of goods for international and domestic flights. Hub-spoke networks are optimized when generally having a transport efficiency of at least 49-52% as well as providing air service in a wide geographic area and to many destinations. The aim of this study is to analyse the hub-spoke airport networks based on the Herfindahl-Hirschmann Index (HHI) to increase air transport efficiency in Sumatra Island. This study uses data from cargo production and couple’s flights from 10 airports in Sumatra Island for domestic flight route pairs and 6 airports for international flight route pairs. The results of the study show that route networks in Sumatra Island in existing conditions have not developed with the hub-spokes concept. The HHI analysis, indicates 2 hubs for domestic flights and 1 hub (Kualanamu) for international flights. Kualanamu International Airport and Hang Nadim International Airport were indicated as hub airports in Sumatra Island for domestic flights. The efficiency of air cargo transportation through the system (2 hubs and 8 spokes) results in a transport efficiency at 68.37%, which is still far above the efficient range at 49-52%.
The influence of age and gender of student motorcycle riders on traffic violations and accidents using a structural equation model
Authors: Suteja I Wayan , Holman Mifta , Wedagama D.M. Priyantha , Suthanaya P. Alit
Published: August 2018

During the last three years, traffic accidents in Mataram City- Lombok have increased significantly. Interestingly, most of the accidents were involved high school motorcyclist. This study aims to investigate the influence of age and gender of student motorcycle riders on traffic violations and accidents, which represents a city with moderate growth. The investigation was conducted using a questionnaire survey, in which the data were collected from 394 students covering eighteen high schools. The model developed consists of behavioral, violation and accident latent variables. Behavioral constructs are comprised of five observed variables, the violation constructs consist of three observed variables, and accident constructs have two observed variables. It was found that 51.53% from 87.5% of the student’s motorcycle riders did not have the proper riding license, whom has age under 17 years old and had been involved in traffic accidents. The study was indicated a significant relationship between student riding behavior to traffic violations, and between traffic violations to accidents. Gender and age show differences in the significance (chi-square) values between riding behaviors relationship to traffic violations and accidents too.
Data mining applied for earthworks optimisation of a toll road construction project
Authors: Irfan Rifai Andri , Latief Yusuf , Sagita Rianti Leni
Published: August 2018

The length of the toll roads operating in Indonesia is still less than in other countries. Significant acceleration is needed to keep up with the country’s traffic needs. Acceleration of development should be supported by the development capacities of road operators, one such capacity being earthworks. Data on earthworks can be utilised as a knowledge base and processed via a data mining approach, the results of which form the basis for interpretation and productivity predictions. The aim of this study is to develop a decision support system for the earthworks of a toll road construction project using the approach of data mining historical cases. The data mining approach used an artificial neural network and support vector machine analysis methods. The result is multi-objective optimisation with a genetic algorithm using real-world data from previous Indonesian toll road construction. This work aims to present a practical alternative for the optimisation of earthworks.
Temporal variations of bed load transport rate and the grain size distribution of non-uniform size sediment during a constant flow rates
Authors: Saadi Yusron , Bagus Giri Putra Ida , Suroso Agus
Published: August 2018

Bedload transport rates at a point using both laboratory and field measurement vary with time, from almost zero to several folds of the mean rate. The need to carry out point measurements over a sufficiently long sampling period is very important to cover inconsistency in the transport rate during a short period of observation. In this experiment the bedload was collected at a slot type sediment trap with ten-minute intervals throughout the tests. The aim was to examine the behaviour of mixed grain size sediment transportation during constant flowrates. Two hydrographs were applied to quantify the transport mode changes caused by an increase in time length as the mixtures were continuously exposed to the flow. It shows that intense bed degradation process occurred within three hours of the tests as indicated by almost identical rates of bedload transport during this period and the diminishing rate in the remaining hours. This reflects that a stable bed was achieved after three hours in which the armouring process was believed to take place. The grain size distribution suggests that the proportion of fine mode was relatively stable and the modal grain size of this mode experienced a similar pattern throughout the tests whilst the coarse mode was inconsistent and varied periodically.
The interrelationship between ISTN lake, Babakan lake and the surrounding wells of shallow groundwater using stable isotopes δ 2H and δ 18O for the lake bank filtration potential
Authors: Marsiano W. , Syafalni S. , Kuswaya Wawan , Djamhuri M. Falaqi , Pratikno BungKus
Published: August 2018

The investigation of the interrelationship between shallow groundwater and lake water is one of the important characteristics in groundwater basin research. An understanding of the location properties can be used for the lakebank fitration pontential evaluation. The objective of this research was to describe the interrelationship of shallow groundwater and the lake water from ISTN lake and Babakan lake. An effective tracer in groundwater basin research can use the environmental isotopes method for revealing the interrelationship between lake water and surrounding shallow groundwater. This research was conducted by taking samples of shallow groundwater from the surrounding wells around the ISTN and Babakan lakes. Based on isotopes δ 2H vs. δ 18O results, the shallow groundwater of the surrounding wells originated from the lake water. The results were verified with a student test distribution using 95% confidence level which showed that all samples were in one cluster. From the analysis of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) of the samples locations, all of the samples were in range of fresh water but the pH of some samples was lower than the pH requirement for drinking water, so the pH should be improved before consumption.
Technical audit of operations and maintenance needs in the Tlatak irrigation area in East Java’s Magetan regency
Authors: Iswahyudi Yuli K , Suprapto Mamok
Published: August 2018

Irrigation water shortages have the potential to limit agricultural development otherwise arable land. To resolve such irrigation water shortages, accurate evaluations focusing on the assessment of the irrigation system’s physical condition, the functionality of the infrastructure components, and the irrigation efficiency are all needed. The assessments of physical condition and functionality are metrics used to establish the performance index value of the irrigation system. The performance index value can be used to identify sections that need maintenance and to define the level of damage that has impacted the irrigation network infrastructure. The irrigation network’s overall performance is analyzed based on the weight of each criterion as defined in the Minister of Public Works Regulation No.32 Year 2007. This research location is Tlatak Irrigation Area, in the District of Parang, Magetan Regency. The results of the analysis showed that the efficiency of irrigation was 74.24%, and the irrigation system performance was only 61.11%. These numbers indicate that the Tlatak irrigation network is categorized as ‘Requiring Attention.' Efforts should be made to resolve the irrigation issues by conducting periodic maintenance, constructing one or more deep wells, and enhancing the role of the Water User Farmers’ Association.
BIM adoption towards the sustainability of construction industry in Indonesia
Authors: Zhabrinna  , Davies Richard J. , Pratama M. Mirza Abdillah , Yusuf Muhammad
Published: August 2018

The Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry is known as one of the prominent sectors contributing to economic stability in Indonesia. On the other hand, this sector is also responsible for significant environmental impact in the country. Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a key innovative technology enabling advanced management within the construction and civil engineering industries and facilitating improvements in sustainability and asset management across the globe. BIM enables the achievement of three sustainable dimensions which are known as Triple Bottom Line (TBL). However, to enable the construction industry in Indonesia to expand and adopt this new engineering technology, the scarcity of the experts in BIM remains a barrier to initiate the migration from traditional management to BIM. From 40 respondents who participated in this study, only 2 respondents had competence in BIM. However, the awareness rate of Indonesian engineers about BIM is actually quite good with 67.5% of respondents having recognised BIM, although mostly with limited or basic knowledge. This research also defines BIM’s impact to sustainability aspects in construction.
Are Indonesia contractors ready to implement last planner system? – an early investigation
Authors: Utomo Dwi Hatmoko Jati , Adi Darmawan Human , Sabrian Zuldi , Agung Wibowo Mochamad
Published: August 2018

Last Planner System (LPS) is one of Lean Construction’s tools for scheduling to enhance project’s reliability, productivity, and performance. It has already been widely adopted in many developed countries and shown benefits, such as shorter duration, less rework, and better communication. Despite its benefits, the use of LPS is almost unheard of in Indonesian. The aim of this exploratory research is to investigate the readiness of LPS implementation for Indonesia’s projects. The assessment is based on five principles of LPS, i.e. Master Schedule, Pull Planning, Making Work Ready, Weekly Work Plan, and Learning, using four categories of assessment, i.e. not aware, aware, willing, and implemented. The levels of readiness are categorised into none, poor, moderate, high and excellent. Data was collected by interviews and questionnaire surveys with project managers and observations of four construction projects. The results show that on average the readiness level is moderate, particularly for Pull Planning and Look-ahead Plan. The main challenges identified include lack of confidence and resistance to change. These research findings provide an initial understanding of LPS as perceived by contractors, and later can be used as inputs to build a strategic framework to enable wider LPS adoption to improve Indonesia’s project performance.
Häufigkeit ethischer Konflikte in der ambulanten Versorgung und Bedarf an Ethikberatung – aus Sicht von Hausärzten
Authors: Kallusky Konstantin , Gágyor Ildikó , Heßling Arndt , Himmel Wolfgang
Published: August 2018

Einleitung Über ethische Konflikte und ihre Besonderheiten im ambulanten Bereich ist wenig bekannt. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, die Häufigkeit ethischer Konflikte und den Bedarf an professionellen Beratungsangeboten aus Sicht von Hausärzten zu erheben.

Methoden Eine Zufallsstichprobe von Hausärzten aus Niedersachsen wurde über Erfahrungen mit ethischen Konflikten in der Praxis sowie Wünsche an eine ambulante Ethikberatung schriftlich befragt.

Ergebnisse An der Befragung nahmen 456 Ärzte teil; das entspricht einer Teilnahme von 45,6 %. Mit dem Konflikt „Absetzen von Arzneien bei mittlerweile fraglichem Nutzen für den Patienten“ sahen sich 80 % der Hausärzte mindestens einmal im Vierteljahr konfrontiert (95 %-Konfidenzintervall: 76,0 bis 83,6 %). Weitere häufig genannte Konflikte waren die „Fortsetzung einer potenziell kurativen Therapie, die schlecht vertragen wird“ (68 %; 63,3 bis 72,0 %) und die „Sinnhaftigkeit diagnostischer Maßnahmen zur Früherkennung bei bereits schwerkranken Patienten“ (62 %; 57,7 bis 66,8 %). Etwa 30 % (138/451) aller Befragten wünschten sich eine ambulante Ethikberatung, besonders häufig wurde eine Ethikberatung in telefonischer Form gewünscht.

Diskussion Zwar erlebten Hausärzte einige der geschilderten ethischen Konflikte häufig, aber nur ein Drittel wünschte explizit eine ambulante Ethikberatung. Niederschwellige Angebote könnten Ethikberatung für Hausärzte attraktiver machen.
Die akute Cholezystitis
Authors: Burmeister Greta , Hinz Sebastian , Schafmayer Clemens
Published: August 2018

Die akute Cholezystitis ist eine Inflammation der Gallenblase und wird zu ca. 90% der Fälle durch eine Cholelithiasis getriggert. Gallensteinassoziierte Erkrankungen gehören zu den teuersten im Bereich der Gastroenterologie und haben somit eine hohe volkswirtschaftliche Relevanz. Der Entstehungsprozess von Gallensteinen ist multifaktoriell. Mit steigendem Alter steigt das Risiko für das Gallensteinleiden. Insbesondere die kohlenhydrat- und fettreiche Ernährung sowie der Mangel an körperlicher Bewegung in der westlichen Welt sind an der Entstehung von Gallensteinen beteiligt. Als weiterer wichtiger Risikofaktor konnten genetische Varianten in Cholesterintransportern identifiziert werden. Die Diagnose erfolgt durch die Kombination aus Anamnese, körperlichem Untersuchungsbefund, abdomineller Sonografie sowie laborchemischen Infektparametern. Typisch sind kolikartige Schmerzen im rechten Oberbauch, die länger als 6 Stunden anhalten, Fieber bzw. Leukozytose und ein Gallenblasenwandödem im Ultraschall in Kombination mit einem positiven Murphy-Zeichen. Die Therapie der Wahl stellt die frühzeitige laparoskopische Cholezystektomie dar.
Anti-Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Activity of Specially Selected Groups of Tannins
Authors: Vilhelmova-Ilieva Neli , Jacquet Rémi , Deffieux Denis , Pouységu Laurent , Sylla Tahiri , Chassaing Stefan , Nikolova Ivanka , Quideau Stéphane , Galabov Angel S.
Published: August 2018

Anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) activity of 9 ellagitannins, including 6 natural compounds (castalin, vescalin, acutissimin A, epiacutissimins A and B, mongolicain) and 3 vescalagin synthetic derivatives (VgSBuSH, VgSOctSH, VgOMe), and 13 gallotannin-type compounds [Gal-01A, Gal-01B, Gal-02A, Gal-02B, Gal-03M, Gal-04A, Gal-04B, Gal-05M, Gal-07, Gal-08, Gal-09, Gal-11M (tannic acid), as well as Gal-12 (gallic acid), Gal-13 and Gal-14 (ellagic acid)] were examined in MDBK monolayer cell culture. Their antiviral activity was determined by the cytopathic effect (CPE) inhibition test and their cytotoxicity was evaluated through the neutral red uptake assay. In general, the series of ellagitannins showed a significantly stronger activity against HSV-1 replication than that of the gallotannins. Six of the tested ellagitannins manifested a well-pronounced activity: epiacutissimin B (selectivity index, SI>60.6), epiacutissimin A (SI>55.5), acutissimin A (SI>34.8), mongolicain (SI>32.5), VgSBuSH (SI>24.6) and VgOMe (SI>22.0). Four gallotannin-type compounds inhibited the replication of HSV-1 at a lower but still significant extent: Gal-04B (SI>35.7), Gal-04A (SI>28.5), Gal-11M (tannic acid) (SI>25) and Gal-05M (SI=15.6).
Psychologische Strategien zur Bewegungsförderung: Entwicklung von Fortbildungen für die Bewegungstherapie (BeFo)
Authors: Göhner Wiebke , Schagg Daniela , Küffner Roland , Reusch Andrea
Published: August 2018

Körperliche Aktivität führt zur Verbesserung von Erkrankungsverläufen und hat daher in der stationären Rehabilitation einen hohen Stellenwert. Personen mit muskuloskelettalen Erkrankungen fällt es jedoch oft schwer, auch im Alltag aktiv zu bleiben. Um die langfristige Bewegungsaktivität im Alltag zu unterstützen, können psychologische Strategien der Verhaltensänderung eingesetzt werden. Das Team der Bewegungstherapie, welches den Transfer von Bewegungsaktivität in den Alltag unterstützt, sollte über Wissen und Kompetenzen verfügen, wirksame Strategien der Verhaltensänderung zielgerichtet und präzise einzusetzen. Bislang wurde selten systematisch evaluiert, wie diese Kompetenzförderung bezüglich der Strategien der Verhaltensänderung in Fortbildungen gelingen kann. Ziel des Beitrags ist, die inhaltliche und methodische Entwicklung einer Fortbildung mit 2 Vertiefungsformaten (arbeitsbegleitend vs. Workshop) und deren Evaluation darzustellen. Erste Ergebnisse belegen eine gute Implementation und Machbarkeit der Fortbildung sowie eine sehr gute bis gute Akzeptanz seitens des Teams der Bewegungstherapie.
Webbasierte Weiterbildungen für eine kompetenzorientierte Bewegungstherapie – hinderliche und förderliche Faktoren der Implementation
Authors: Streber René , Pfeifer Klaus
Published: August 2018

Die Hinführung und Bindung an körperliche Aktivität von Personen mit chronischen Erkrankungen ist in der Bewegungstherapie innerhalb der medizinischen Rehabilitation ein bedeutendes Ziel geworden. Bewegungstherapeuten sind wichtige Akteure, um Rehabilitanden bei der Initiierung und Aufrechterhaltung eines körperlich-aktiven Lebensstil zu unterstützen, jedoch besteht ein Qualifikationsbedarf bzw. der Bedarf eines Wissensaustauschs zwischen Wissenschaft und Praxis, der bisher noch unzureichend gedeckt ist. Es sind verschiedene Lern- und Lehrformate notwendig, um eine (Weiter-)Qualifikation zu ermöglichen.

Im Rahmen des Projekts „KMU-bewegt“ wurde eine webbasierte Lernplattform entwickelt und erprobt, die aktuelle Inhalte, Methoden und Materialien zum Thema der Bewegungsförderung bereithält. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt die Erfahrungen sowie förderliche wie hinderliche Faktoren, die bezüglich der Nutzung und Durchführung der digitalen Lernformate und des Praxistransfers von Inhalten und Materialien aufgetreten sind.
Pneumologische Bewertung und Begutachtung im Spiegel von Beanspruchungskriterien
Authors: Kroidl R. , Fröhlich M. , Welte T.
Published: August 2018

Gutachterliche bzw. bewertende Aussagen zur physischen Leistungsfähigkeit müssen sich zum einen an der (Dauer-) Leistungsfähigkeit des Probanden/des Patienten orientieren, zum andern sind sie in ein Verhältnis zu der erwarteten Last (Arbeit, Sport, operativer Stress) zu setzen. Dieses „Last-Kapazitäts-Konzept“ war bisher zweifellos schon Teil der ärztlichen Gesamtschau, wobei deren Grundlage mehr auf der Erfahrung und persönlichen Einschätzung und weniger auf abrufbaren Daten beruhte.

Die Einschätzung der Arbeitsschwere in der sozialmedizinischen Begutachtung („leicht – leicht bis mittel – mittelschwer – schwer“ – siehe Begutachtungsempfehlungen zur sozialmedizinischen Beurteilung der Deutschen Rentenversicherung, REFA-Klassifikation) kann jetzt durch gut verfügbare und valide Daten aus lebens- und tätigkeitsnahen Messungen ergänzt werden. Auch der Anteil der Dauerleistung in Bezug auf die maximale Leistung (VO2peak) und die Leistung im Bereich des aerob-anaeroben Übergangs (VO2@VT1) ist gut etabliert. Diese Informationen sind über eine Spiroergometrie zu erreichen.

Im Zentrum der Betrachtung steht der O2-Verbrauch (V’O2), der sich als isolierter Messwert (V’O2 in L/min) präsentiert oder in einem komplexen Parameter wie „MET“ oder „kcal“.

Aktuelle Studien profitieren vom technischen Fortschritt bei der Sensorik von Messdaten und deren Präsentation in Grafiken und Tabellen, letztere unter Bezug zu Erwartungswerten/Normwerten. Unbenommen davon findet sich in der Literatur eine große Zahl älterer Daten zu Leistungsanforderungen bei diversen Verrichtungen (siehe Ainsworth et al.). Diese Informationen aus früheren Jahrzehnten sind zur Orientierung geeignet, sie müssten aber nach Möglichkeit mittels der jetzt verfügbaren Techniken (siehe portable Spiroergometrie) validiert werden.

Die Spiroergometrie hat sich bereits in den Empfehlungen bei der Begutachtung im Unfallrecht etabliert. Ihre Möglichkeiten sollten aber auch auf den anderen Rechtsebenen (Rentenrecht u. a.) genutzt werden. Positive Erfahrungen dazu werden aus einer eigenen Studie zu „Arbeitsbelastung bei hauswirtschaftlicher Tätigkeit in Kliniken“ berichtet.