bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A genome-wide association study provides insights into the genetic etiology of 57 essential and non-essential trace elements in humans
Authors: Moksnes Marta R. , Hansen Ailin F. , Wolford Brooke N. , Thomas Laurent F. , Rasheed Humaira , Simić Anica , Bhatta Laxmi , Brantsæter Anne Lise , Surakka Ida , Zhou Wei , Magnus Per , Njølstad Pål R. , Andreassen Ole A. , Syversen Tore , Zheng Jie , Fritsche Lars G. , Evans David M. , Warrington Nicole M. , Nøst Therese H. , Åsvold Bjørn Olav , Flaten Trond Peder , Willer Cristen J. , Hveem Kristian , Brumpton Ben M.
Published: April 2024

Trace elements are important for human health but may exert toxic or adverse effects. Mechanisms of uptake, distribution, metabolism, and excretion are partly under genetic control but have not yet been extensively mapped. Here we report a comprehensive multi-element genome-wide association study of 57 essential and non-essential trace elements. We perform genome-wide association meta-analyses of 14 trace elements in up to 6564 Scandinavian whole blood samples, and genome-wide association studies of 43 trace elements in up to 2819 samples measured only in the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT). We identify 11 novel genetic loci associated with blood concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, manganese, selenium, and zinc in genome-wide association meta-analyses. In HUNT, several genome-wide significant loci are also indicated for other trace elements. Using two-sample Mendelian randomization, we find several indications of weak to moderate effects on health outcomes, the most precise being a weak harmful effect of increased zinc on prostate cancer. However, independent validation is needed. Our current understanding of trace element-associated genetic variants may help establish consequences of trace elements on human health.
Visualizing subcellular changes in the NAD(H) pool size versus redox state using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy of NADH
Authors: Song Angela , Zhao Nicole , Hilpert Diana C. , Perry Caroline , Baur Joseph A. , Wallace Douglas C. , Schaefer Patrick M.
Published: April 2024

NADH autofluorescence imaging is a promising approach for visualizing energy metabolism at the single-cell level. However, it is sensitive to the redox ratio and the total NAD(H) amount, which can change independently from each other, for example with aging. Here, we evaluate the potential of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) of NADH to differentiate between these modalities.

We perform targeted modifications of the NAD(H) pool size and ratio in cells and mice and assess the impact on NADH FLIM. We show that NADH FLIM is sensitive to NAD(H) pool size, mimicking the effect of redox alterations. However, individual components of the fluorescence lifetime are differently impacted by redox versus pool size changes, allowing us to distinguish both modalities using only FLIM. Our results emphasize NADH FLIM’s potential for evaluating cellular metabolism and relative NAD(H) levels with high spatial resolution, providing a crucial tool for our understanding of aging and metabolism.
Vaccine-elicited IL-1R signaling results in Th17 TRM-mediated immunity
Authors: Hoffmann Joseph P. , Srivastava Akhilesh , Yang Haoran , Iwanaga Naoki , Remcho T. Parks , Hewes Jenny L. , Sharoff Rayshma , Song Kejing , Norton Elizabeth B. , Kolls Jay K. , McCombs Janet E.
Published: April 2024

Lung tissue resident memory (TRM) cells are thought to play crucial roles in lung host defense. We have recently shown that immunization with the adjuvant LTA1 (derived from the A1 domain of E. coli heat labile toxin) admixed with OmpX from K. pneumoniae can elicit antigen specific lung Th17 TRM cells that provide serotype independent immunity to members of the Enterobacteriaceae family. However, the upstream requirements to generate these cells are unclear. Single-cell RNA-seq showed that vaccine-elicited Th17 TRM cells expressed high levels of IL-1R1, suggesting that IL-1 family members may be critical to generate these cells. Using a combination of genetic and antibody neutralization approaches, we show that Th17 TRM cells can be generated independent of caspase-1 but are compromised when IL-1α is neutralized. Moreover IL-1α could serve as a molecular adjuvant to generate lung Th17 TRM cells independent of LTA1. Taken together, these data suggest that IL-1α plays a major role in vaccine-mediated lung Th17 TRM generation.
Observation of two-dimensional acoustic bound states in the continuum
Authors: Martí-Sabaté Marc , Li Junfei , Djafari-Rouhani Bahram , Cummer Steven A. , Torrent Dani
Published: April 2024

The design of devices based on acoustic or optical fields requires the fabrication of cavities and structures capable of efficiently trapping these waves. A special type of cavity can be designed to support resonances with a theoretically infinite quality factor, named bound states in the continuum or BICs. The experimental measurement of such modes is still a challenging problem, as they are, by definition, not accessible from external perturbations. Here we report on the theoretical design and experimental realization of a two-dimensional, fully open acoustic resonator supporting BICs. This accidental BIC, whose symmetry is chosen during design by properly tailoring the geometrical properties of the system, is completely accessible and allows for the direct measurement of the whole pressure field and properties. We experimentally demonstrate its existence with high quality factor and field enhancement properties.
Beyond boundaries: governance considerations for climate-driven habitat shifts of highly migratory marine species across jurisdictions
Authors: Santos Bianca S. , Hazen Elliott L. , Welch Heather , Lezama-Ochoa Nerea , Block Barbara A. , Costa Daniel P. , Shaffer Scott A. , Crowder Larry B.
Published: April 2024

The mobile nature of migratory marine animals across jurisdictional boundaries can challenge the management of biodiversity, particularly under global environmental change. While projections of climate-driven habitat change can reveal whether marine species are predicted to gain or lose habitat in the future, geopolitical boundaries and differing governance regimes may influence animals’ abilities to thrive in new areas. Broad geographic movements and diverse governance approaches elicit the need for strong international collaboration to holistically manage and conserve these shared migratory species. In this study, we use data from the Tagging of Pacific Predators program to demonstrate the feasibility of using climate-driven habitat projections to assess species’ jurisdictional redistribution. Focusing on four species (shortfin mako shark, California sea lion, northern elephant seal, and sooty shearwater), we calculate the projected change in core habitat across jurisdictional boundaries throughout the century and highlight associated management implications. Using climate-driven habitat projections from the period of 2001 to 2010, and an RCP 8.5 climate scenario, we found that all four species are projected to face up to a 2.5-10% change in core habitat across jurisdictions in the Northeast Pacific, with the greatest gains of core habitat redistribution within the United States exclusive economic zone and in areas beyond national jurisdiction. Overall, our study demonstrates how efforts to understand the impacts of climate change on species’ habitat use should be expanded to consider how resulting shifts may provoke new management challenges in a legally bounded, yet physically borderless ocean. We discuss governance implications for transboundary habitat redistribution as highly migratory marine species potentially shift across legal jurisdictions, including new ocean areas beyond national judications, considerations which are applicable within and beyond this Pacific case study. Our study also highlights data needs and management strategies to inform high-level conservation strategies, as well as recommendations for using updated tagging data and climate models to build upon this approach in future work.
Substituted 4-methylcoumarin inhibitors of SLC26A3 (DRA) for treatment of constipation and hyperoxaluria
Authors: Ahmadi Maria , de Souza Goncalves Livia , Verkman Alan S. , Cil Onur , Anderson Marc O.
Published: April 2024

Substituted 4-methylcoumarins were found to be active against SLC26A3 (DRA) using in vitro and in vivo assays.
Why do Si quantum dots with stronger fast emission have lower external photoluminescence quantum yield?
Authors: Popelář Tomáš , Matějka Filip , Kopenec Jakub , Morselli Giacomo , Ceroni Paola , Kůsová Kateřina
Published: April 2024

We explain the observed correlation of increased fast emission of quantum dots with lower photoluminescence quantum yield as selective lifetime-based quenching, or in other words, preferential switching off of quantum dots with slow emission.
Suppression of Jahn–Teller distortion in a layered Mn-based oxide cathode with Li substitution toward achieving stable K-storage
Authors: Yin Xiaoyu , Gu Mengjia , Yang Qian , Lei Kaixiang
Published: April 2024

Li-substitution suppressed the Jahn–Teller distortion, restraining unfavorable phase transition in KMO, and decreases the diffusion energy barrier of K+, promoting the diffusion of K+, which provides excellent K-storage activity in KLMO electrodes.
Recent advances in noble metal-free electrocatalysts to achieve efficient alkaline water splitting
Authors: Jamesh Mohammed-Ibrahim , Hu Dingqin , Wang Jing , Naz Farah , Feng Jianpei , Yu Li , Cai Zhao , Colmenares Juan Carlos , Lee Duu-Jong , Chu Paul K. , Hsu Hsien-Yi
Published: April 2024

Electrochemical water splitting is one of the promising approaches for generating hydrogen.
Tracking the effects of PLGA-based nanoparticles on protein expression in living cells through quantitative proteomics
Authors: Chen Yuwan , Zhou Wen , Liu Jianhui , Li Xinwei , Fu Wenxin , Ma Baofu , Liang Zhen , Yang Kaiguang , Zhang Lihua , Zhang Yukui
Published: April 2024

Mass spectrometry-based proteomics can identify and quantify the differential abundance of expressed proteins in parallel. Here, quantitative proteomics was used to observe the changes of protein expression in cells by nanoparticles over time.
Colloidal quantum dots as single photon sources
Authors: Nelson Damian , Byun Sujeong , Bullock James , Crozier Kenneth B. , Kim Sejeong
Published: April 2024

Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are promising candidates for single photon sources (SPSs), pivotal for quantum technology. This review explores their applications, advancements, and potential in quantum photonics.
Magnetic ionic crystals with light controllable mobility and CO2 physisorption/desorption
Authors: Ge Yifan , Tan Shuai , Wu Yong , Wang Caihong
Published: April 2024

Azobenzene doped magnetic ionic liquid demonstrated an advanced mobility and reversible physisorption/desorption of CO2.
Chemical solution deposition of a (GaAl)2O3 single layer with high thickness and silver-enhanced crystal quality
Authors: Tang Xiao , AlQanbar Wesam A. , Hassine Mohamed Ben , Lu Yi , Cao Haicheng , Wang Chuanju , Jiang Zixian , Liu Tingang , Xiao Na , Nong Mingtao , Khandelwal Vishal , Li Xiaohang
Published: April 2024

A new study presents a revolutionary CSD method to create thick (180 nm) single-layer (GaAl)2O3 films with enhanced crystal quality through silver doping.
Distribution of oxygen-containing functional groups on defective graphene: properties engineering and Li adsorption
Authors: Xiang Jiang , Xu Jing , Li Hongyan , Chen Liang , Liu Wei
Published: April 2024

The distribution of oxygen-containing functional groups on graphene with vacancies and topological defects was systematically investigated using advanced computational methods and the structure models for multi-defect graphene oxides were proposed.
Lithium-ion battery electrode properties of hydrogen boride
Authors: Akiyama Tatsuya , Ukai Marina , Ishii Yosuke , Kawasaki Shinji , Hattori Yoshiyuki
Published: April 2024

First experimental examination of the negative electrode properties of hydrogen boride (HB) with a pseudo-two-dimensional sheet structure was performed.
Probing the thermoelectric properties of aluminium-doped copper iodide
Authors: Venkata Ramana Tatavarthi Veera , Battabyal Manjusha , Kumar Santosh , Satapathy Dillip K. , Kumar Ravi
Published: April 2024

Al doped CuI exhibit the increase in carrier density, decrease in optical bandgap and phonon life time thus improves the power factor and figure of merit. The maximum PF and ZT obtained at 400 K are 79 μW m−1 K−2 and 0.08 for 0.1 mol% Al-doped CuI.
Efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution of g-C3N4/Vs-SnS2/CdS through a sulfur vacancy-rich SnS2 induced charge storage effect
Authors: Xing Fangyuan , Li Junyan , Wang Chengzhi , Jin Shaohua , Jin Haibo , Li Jingbo
Published: April 2024

Photocatalytic hydrogen production using semiconductors is one of the most promising routes for sustainable energy production.
Assembly of ionic supramolecular polymers using a decacationic pillar[5]arene to noncovalently crosslink hyaluronic acid for short DNA delivery
Authors: Li Qian , Ma Danying , Liu Yue-Yang , Wang Hui , Zhou Wei , Zhang Dan-Wei , Li Zhan-Ting
Published: April 2024

A multicationic pillar[5]arene noncovalently crosslinks hyaluronic acid to afford ionic supramolecular polymers for intramolecular delivery of short DNA.
Three-component Friedel–Crafts-type difunctionalization of ynamides with (hetero)arenes and iodine(iii) electrophile
Authors: Kikuchi Jun , Nagata Toya , Ito Shingo , Yoshikai Naohiko
Published: April 2024

A three-component Friedel–Crafts type difunctionalization of ynamides with an iodine(iii) electrophile and electron-rich (hetero)arenes has been developed, enabling regio- and stereoselective synthesis of densely functionalized enamides.
Controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil from monodisperse chitosan microspheres prepared by emulsion crosslinking
Authors: Wan Tong , Zhang Qianqian , Jin Guocheng , Xu Shiai
Published: April 2024

This work aims to determine the optimal conditions for emulsion cross-linking of chitosan (CHS) with various molecular weights using glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking agent to produce 5-fluorouracil-loaded CHS microspheres (5-FU/CHS).
Engineering 2D nickel boride/borate amorphous/amorphous heterostructures for electrocatalytic water splitting and magnetism
Authors: Lin Xu , Tzitzios Vasileios , Zhang Qiancheng , Rodriguez Brian J. , Rafferty Aran , Bekarevich Raman , Pissas Michael , Sofianos M. Veronica
Published: April 2024

Engineering nickel boride/borate amorphous/amorphous heterostructures using a simple one-pot chemical reduction method.
A multipurpose mitochondrial NIR probe for imaging ferroptosis and mitophagy
Authors: Rajput Deeksha , Pradhan Nachiket , Mansuri Shabnam , Soppina Virupakshi , Kanvah Sriram
Published: April 2024

A dicationic styrylpyridinium fluorophore for selective staining of mitochondria and investigation of the associated physiological processes is described
Cyaonoside A-loaded composite hydrogel microspheres to treat osteoarthritis by relieving chondrocyte inflammation
Authors: An Xingyan , Zhou Fengjin , Li Guangfeng , Wei Yan , Huang Biaotong , Li Mengmeng , Zhang Qin , Xu Ke , Zhao Robert Chunhua , Su Jiacan
Published: April 2024

Drug-loaded composite hydrogel microspheres HAMA@Lipo@CyA (HLC) alleviate osteoarthritis by suppressing inflammation and restoring the cartilage matrix.
Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and Kokazolla Fertilizer on Physiological Parameters and Production Components of Purple Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Elvira  , Haring Feranita , Rasyid Burhanuddin
Published: April 2024

The production of purple maize was essential to maintain the soil fertility development without environmental impact. The arbuscular mycorrhiza and kokazolla fertilizer are biological and organic material applications in the field. This study aims to determine the effect of arbuscular Mycorrhiza and Kokazolla fertilizer on purple maize production. This experiment used a group randomized design separate plot design. The main plot consists of 3 treatments (e0 = control, e1 = Mycorrhiza dose 7.5 g/plant, e2 = Mycorrhiza dose 15 g/plant), and the plot consists of 4 treatments (l0 = Control - NPK dose 0.3 Ton/Ha, 1 = Kokazolla dose 6.25 Ton/Ha, l2 = Kokazolla dose 12.5 Ton/Ha, and l3 = Kokazolla dose 18.75 Ton/Ha). The results showed that the application of Mycorrhizal biofertilizer 15 g/plant+Kokazolla fertilizer 18.75 Ton/Ha was higher for male flowering age, female flowering age, cob weight with petals per Ha, and cob weight without petals per Ha.
Isolation of Lignocellulolytic Bacteria From Erek-erek Geoforest Ijen Geopark, Indonesia
Authors: Utarti Esti , Sari Manda Triono Indria , Rohma Ainur , Labes Antje , Arimurti Sattya
Published: April 2024

Ijen Geopark is one of the UNESCO Global Geoparks in Indonesia. The Erek-erek Geoforest (EEG) is one of the biosites in the Ijen Geopark. The EEG has an abundant biomass which is composed of lignocellulosic complex. The abundance of biomass has the potential as a source of lignocellulolytic microorganisms that can degrade lignocellulose material. The purpose of this research was to isolate lignocellulolytic bacteria from the Erek-erek Geoforest. This research method was soil sampling, physicochemical analysis of soil, isolation, and purification of bacteria, growth capability in lignocellulose media, and pathogenicity-test. The results showed that a total of 180 were isolated from EEG. There are 93 bacteria growth in lignin media and 142 bacteria growth in cellulolytic with the isolated code EIB (erek-erek Ijen Banyuwangi) under aerobic conditions which had various bacterial morphologies. To ensure the safety of using these isolates, it is necessary to do a pathogenicity test of these bacteria using a blood agar plate. Indicated pathogenic bacteria will form a clear zone around the bacterial colony on the blood media. The pathogenicity test of the highest lignocellulolytic bacteria showed that the 3 ligninolytic and 3 cellulolytic EIB bacteria isolates were non-pathogenic. Further, non-pathogenic bacteria from the soil litter of erek-erek forests can be tested for their potential as biological agents for the industry.
Antibody Response to Sars-CoV-2 in Adults After 18 Months of Second Dose Vaccination of Astra Zeneca
Authors: Handayani Sarwo , Khariri  , Sembiring Maha Masri , Ullyartha Pangaribuan Helena , Hidayat Syarif , Purnamasari Telly , Dwi Ardyanto Tonang
Published: April 2024

Vaccination is one of the methods of preventing SARS-Cov-2 infection. Although the efficacy of several vaccines has been observed, it is unknown how long the antibodies remain in the body. The purpose of this study was to examine the antibody titers in adults, 18 months after receiving two doses of the Astra Zeneca vaccine. This is a cross-sectional study with adult subjects who received two doses of the Astra Zeneca vaccine in the Bogor area, conducted in 2023. To evaluate antibody titers (IgG) in serum specimens, the Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay (CMIA) method was utilized. The antibody titer ≥ 50.0 AU/mL was considered positive. The characteristics 122 subjects were mostly: female (63,1%), 36-45 years old, senior high school graduate (45.9%), unemployed (62,3%), had hypertension history (44.7%), and had no COVID-19 infection during the last six months. The results demonstrate that all the subjects had a positive SARS Cov-2 antibody titer, with a range titer of 87 - 80260 AU/mL and a geometric mean titer of 3246.4 AU/mL. In conclusion, this study found that the two doses of the Astra Zeneca vaccine made a significant contribution to the acquisition of anti-SARS-CoV-2S antibodies in adults.
Anthropogenic changes of the agricultural production features of river valley-еscarpment soils in Martuni region, Sevan basin, RA
Authors: Kroyan Samvel , Tovmasyan Suren , Margaryan Anush
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the agro-production features of the river valley-escarpment soils of the Republic of Armenia, the negative changes occurring in the soils due to the impact of climate change and the anthropogenic factor, as well as a number of issues related to the ways of increasing soil fertility. According to the Research results, river valley-escarpment soils are in general, characterized by high natural fertility and are widely used in agricultural production as high-quality arable land. Meantime, significant changes in the agro-productive features of soils are observed as well. In order to efficiently use the land, increase and maintain the fertility, it is recommended that scientifically based complex agrotechnical measures in compliance with local conditions are applied.
Clearance tests to assess liver function state of animals using compounds with high hepatic metabolism
Authors: Ponamarev Vladimir , Popova Olga , Kostrova Anastasia , Agafonova Ludmila
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the medicinal substances metabolism in the liver and the possibility of using clearance tests with lidocaine and caffeine in veterinary medicine. It has been established that liver is the main organ where metabolism takes place, which is carried out in two stages involving the reactions of microsomal oxidation of fermentable cytochrome P450. Substances with a high metabolic rate undergo presystemic elimination. In liver pathologies, the metabolism of xenobiotics changes, substances with a high metabolism can cause toxic effects with a single application, with a low one – with cumulation. Intravenous clearance test with lidocaine showed that the lower the concentration of metabolites after 15 and 30 minutes, the more unfavorable the prognosis for survival. The test can also be used on dogs. The clearance test with caffeine can be performed intravenously, by respiratory methods or through saliva sampling. The test showed results comparable to the lidocaine test. However, clearance tests are influenced by many factors, so researchers recommend using them as an additional research method.
Analysis of the effect of the sorbent probiotic drug “Florin Forte” on the cellular immunity of the Russian-Lena sturgeon
Authors: Zhandalgarova Adelya , Grozesku Yulia , Egorova Vera , Sergeeva Yulia , Sergina Yulia
Published: April 2024

The paper analyzes the effect of the sorbent probiotic drug “Florin Forte” on the cellular immunity of the Russian-Lena sturgeon. The proposed dosages of the drug in compound feeds (4 g/kg, 6 g/kg, 8 g/kg) allowed us to evaluate the effect of the drug on the cellular immunity of individuals of the Russian-Lena sturgeon. The combined effect of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, which are part of the drug, has been proven, which makes it possible to accelerate the normalization of the qualitative and quantitative composition, metabolic and functional activity of the microflora, and enhance the suppressive effect on the pathogenic microflora of a living organism. Bifidobacteria, being a biosorbent, neutralize toxins, accumulate toxic substances and remove them from the body.
Algae in the diete of quails
Authors: Yunusov H.B. , Khodjaeva N.D. , Ummatov U. , Khujaeva N. , Buranova K.
Published: April 2024

In this work, the subject of research was a microscopic algae – chlorella and a higher aquatic plant – duckweed. The most optimal variants of nutrient media for algae cultivation have been studied. It is proposed to cultivate chlorella on a nutrient medium “04” based on farm wastewater and farm wastewater for duckweed. The influence of algae biomass (chlorella and duckweed) on the growth and development of quails has been studied. It is proposed to include quails in the diet as a dietary supplement to the main feed Chlorella vulgaris and Lemna minor L, which will improve zootechnical and economic indicators, has a positive effect on increasing live weight, egg production and viability.
Clinical symptoms of cows with purulent-catarrhal endometritis of fungal etiology, fungal species and their sensitivity to drugs
Authors: Niyazov Hakim , Abdiev Salokhiddin , Eshkuvatov Khonkeldi , Ruziev Adham , Ruziboev Ahmad
Published: April 2024

In the article, the prevalence of cows with mycotic etiology purulent-catarrhal endometritis, clinical symptoms and types of fungi and their sensitivity to drugs were studied in the conditions of farms specializing in cattle breeding of the districts of Samarkand region. It was analyzed that in endometritis of bacterial-mycotic etiology, the body temperature and heart rate, high breathing, and their sharp increase with the increase of the inflammatory process in the uterus, as well as the presence of traces of white loose films on the lower surface of the vaginal mucosa, are the main clinical signs. When examining samples taken from the uterus of cows infected with purulent-catarrhal endometritis of bacterial and mycotic etiology, Candida albicans 41.8-45.2%, Candida glabrata 26.8-29.2%, and Candida krusei 26.0-30.0% and it was studied that the highest indicator of the zones formed in terms of antibiotic sensitivity of microbes was observed in discs soaked with fluconazole and ketoconazole, and the lowest indicator appeared in discs soaked with nystatin and emulsion.
Functional characteristics of bivalves of the genus Unio as indicators of the ecological state of populations and water quality
Authors: Klishko Olga
Published: April 2024

The levels of accumulation of heavy metals (HM) in mollusks of the genus Unio from different zones of Lake Kenon, the cooling reservoir of the Chita Thermal Power Plant, were studied. The priority role of mollusk gills in the process of water filtration and bioaccumulation of heavy metals (HM) in tissues has been revealed. The calculated values of IB, an indicator of the bioaccumulation of heavy metals, make it possible to assess the ecological state of mollusks, water quality and technogenic load on the reservoir in the current growing season. It has been shown that the increase in the accumulation of heavy metals in the shell, which integrates this long-term process corresponding to the age of the mollusk, has a reliable connection with the increase in the content of heavy metals in the aquatic environment.
Geological exploration and degree of urbanization of the Kumtor deposit
Authors: Kenetayeva Aigul , Salkeyeva Aizhan , Akhmetova Alma , Tokusheva Zhibek , Ametova Takhmina , Maliukova Nataliya
Published: April 2024

It should not normally exceed 200 words. In this work, the object of study is the Kumtor gold deposit. In the course of research work, the degree of knowledge and the main features of the geological structure are covered in detail. Based on the assigned tasks and priorities, a full-scale collection and processing of geological information was required based on the results of the work of predecessors. The degree of exploration of the deposits determines the feasibility of continuing exploration work at the site.
The dependence of the amount of energy obtained by solar cells on the temperature of the environment
Authors: Alikulov Muysin
Published: April 2024

In this work, the dependence of the amount of energy obtained using the device of automatic control of small power solar batteries in the climatic conditions of the city of Karshi, Kashkadarya region, depending on the temperature of the environment was studied. Based on the experiment, it is shown that the value of the voltage decreases with the increase of the temperature of the environment, and its reasons are explained.
Development of a simulation model for assessing the technical condition of oil power transformers by measuring vibroacoustic parameters
Authors: Yusupov D.T. , Ismoilov I.K. , Norboev A.E. , Beytullaeva R.X. , Yuldashev A.A.
Published: April 2024

In the electric power industry, oil-type power transformers are considered the main device that ensures reliable transmission of electric power, and their technical capabilities are analyzed. Factors affecting long-term reliable operation of oil-fired power transformers are investigated. In this paper, a simulation model is developed to assess the condition of oil power transformers during rapid diagnosis. A mathematical model has also been developed that allows calculating the absorption coefficients and the general technical condition of oil power transformers depending on the value of the input variables of oil power transformers operating in city power networks. The authors developed a Simulink model for rapid assessment of the technical condition of the oil power transformer. A block diagram is created that allows to determine the value of the technical condition of the oil power transformer according to the vibroacoustic parameters.
Digital supply chain: literature review of seven related technologies
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Yu Qianhui , Wan Shuwei , Cao Hanyue , Huang Yun
Published: April 2024

This paper systematically reviews literature related with digital supply chains (DSC) and investigates the application status and development trend of different digital technologies in supply chain management. The review is conducted from the perspective of seven key digital supply chain technologies, i.e. Internet of Things (IoT) & Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology (5G), 3D Printing, Big data (BD), Blockchain, Digital Twins (DT), and Intelligent autonomous vehicles (IAVs). It highlights the main limitations and opportunities of the various DSC technologies, provides an overview of prior studies, and identifies knowledge gaps by outlining the advantages, weaknesses and restrictions of individual technology. The paper also aims at providing a development framework as a roadmap for the match of different digital technologies with different strategic goals.
The Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Mental Workload and Fatigue of Students during Online and Offline Practicum
Authors: Ramadhani Dinda Safitri , Muslimah Etika , Bagaskara Wildan Bramantya , Fitriadi Ratnanto , Sakti Arga Seta Asmara
Published: April 2024

Learning activities underwent policy changes during the Covid-19 pandemic were carried out online and offline. During the Covid-19 pandemic, there were many ways that universities did to keep learning going, such as implementing online learning and online learning. Practical learning experiences changes in the teaching and learning process system due to university policies. This study aims to measure the level of mental workload and the level of student fatigue during online and offline practicums and to determine the relationship between mental workload and fatigue level. The methods used in this research are the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) and Subjective Self Rating Test (SSRT) methods. The results showed that the level of mental workload of students was in the high classification with the NASA-TLX dimensions of effort, mental needs, and performance. The level of student fatigue is in the moderate classification with part of the SSRT, namely the weakening of activities. The results of the correlation test show that there is a relationship between mental workload and student fatigue levels with a positive direction of relationship.
The effect of body mass index and physical activity on recovery heart rate time post treadmill exercise
Authors: Palit Herry Christian , Aysia Debora Anne Yang
Published: April 2024

One important component of health-related physical fitness is cardiovascular-respiratory capacity. Cardiovascular-respiratory capacity can affect the recovery heart rate (RHR) time. RHR is the total pulse measured after a person has finished carrying out certain activities until return to resting heart rate (HRR). The aim of this study is to determine the effect of body mass index (BMI) and physical activity on RHR time post treadmill exercise. The research subjects were 39 healthy male students with an age range of 18-22 years who had been selected based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression. The results of this study show that most students have high levels of physical activity (69.23%). The level of physical activity has a significant negative effect on the RHR time post treadmill exercise, but BMI has no effect on the RHR time post treadmill exercise. Thus, subjects who have a high level of physical activity require a faster RHR time.
Developing Rattan Baby Crib: Focus Group Discussion in Safety, Aesthetics, and Manufacturing Efficiency Consideration
Authors: Lulu Purwaningrum , Ambar Mulyono , Ratriana Aminy
Published: April 2024

Recently, there has been a growing demand for Rattan baby cribs in the international market, primarily due to aesthetic appeal of handwoven rattan. Given that these cribs are intended for infants, safety is a paramount concern alongside aesthetics. Previous research identified a potential risk of limb injury in infants aged 5-12 months due to inconsistent rattan gap decorations exceeding 60 mm in crib width. However, achieving standard gap dimensions in conventional handcrafted production methods has been challenging. This study aims to investigate safety, aesthetics, and manufacturing efficiency in Rattan baby crib production through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) involving research designers, the Research and Development (R&D) Department, the production department, the marketing division, and expert guest designers. Rattan with a diameter of 22 mm and a consistent gap width below 60 mm, is utilized. The crib’s structural elements will apply simple, robust, straight rattan weaving. Visual design recommendation encompasses natural luxury, playfulness, and safety. Various rattan types that balance aesthetics and strength, including thinner-diameter rattan with intricate weaving as non-structural aesthetic elements and side-by-side dual system, enhance beauty while meeting strength and material efficiency requirements. The development of Rattan baby cribs, focusing on child safety and aesthetics, is highly demand due to increasing market demand in the United States, Australia, and Europe and potential opportunities in the local market.
Designing an IoT-Based Vest for Elderly People with Dementia
Authors: Anggi Satrio Pangestu Novanda , Iryani Devina Inayah , Febian Tiara , Suryoputro Muhammad Ragil
Published: April 2024

The increasing elderly population is causing various changes that have an impact on health problems, one of which is cognitive function, namely dementia. This research will aim to create a smart vest that will have the main feature of location tracking, especially when the user is outside the home and has no supervision. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method, usability, and anthropometry will be used to determine appropriate evaluation steps based on product needs analysis to ensure users can use the product easily, efficiently, and satisfactorily. In making VesTi products, several processes are carried out based on the main and body parts, namely the front and back vest, vest pockets, zippers, heart rate sensors, airbags, GPS sensor module, and crash collision sensor. Using the QFD method, the crash sensor variable has a value importance rating of 5.33 and a value relative view of 30%, which means that more attention is needed for developing crash sensors in VesTi products. Based on usability testing, the level of satisfaction at grades A+ or acceptable. The anthropometry used; chest circumference is 106 cm, shoulder width is 37 cm, waist circumference is 100 cm, wrist circumference is 18 cm, and front torso height is 67 cm.
Effect of Split Condition and Driving Duration on Fatigue Based on Changes in Brain Wave Signals when Driving a Train Simulator
Authors: Auliani Sevty , Teresa Maria , Cahyaningsih Aulia Rahma , Emanuele Clementine , Soetisna Herman Rahadian , Iridiastadi Hardianto
Published: April 2024

One of the causes of train accidents is driver fatigue. Train driver fatigue can be caused by sleep factors, known as split sleep. This study aims to assess the impact of split sleep on train driver fatigue. A total of 12 male participants were asked to drive a train simulator for 2.5 hours after facing two sleep conditions, namely split sleep and baseline. The split sleep condition required participants to sleep in two segments at 05.00-10.00 and 12.00-15.00, while the baseline condition was conducted in one segment at 21.00-05.00. Fatigue was measured based on changes in brain wave signals via electroencephalogram (EEG) and Swedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory (SOFI). Fatigue measurements with EEG were conducted at the 10-minute start and end of the simulation, while fatigue measurements with SOFI were conducted before and after the simulation. The results of this study showed a higher level of subjective fatigue in split sleep compared to the baseline. However, the EEG signal change data and other dimensions of SOFI dimensions showed no difference between the two sleep states. Another result was an increase in fatigue after simulation in all dimensions of the SOFI. Therefore, split sleep should not be applied by drivers because it can increase subjective fatigue. However, if split sleep needs to be applied, it is necessary to fulfill sleep quantity (7-9 hours) and improve sleep quality. In addition, the company also needs to ensure that the train driver are awake at least 15 minutes.
Postural Ergonomic Risk Assesment of Augmented Reality User Interface on Smarthpones in Cosmetic Industry Advertising
Authors: Nugraha Asep Erik , Sari Rianita Puspa , Santoso Deri Teguh , Rachmat Muhamad Taufiq
Published: April 2024

Augmented reality (AR) technology is widely used in marketing activities and promotional strategies so that many users or customers use it, including beauty products, which already offer many applications that are used as promotional tools. Augmented reality technology is accompanied by technological developments and the COVID-19 pandemic, especially among female customers in various groups, including teenage girls who use many cosmetic products daily. The use of this technology requires an evaluation regarding its use, where in this evaluation, an evaluation can be used in terms of ergonomics for the user using the ergonomics concept PERA (Postural Ergonomic Risk Assessment). This research aims to evaluate the postural risk regarding the level of use of augmented reality technology for beauty product applications used by female students when using AR applications on smartphones when accessing cosmetics industry advertising. This research was conducted on female teenage respondents among vocational school students who focused on skill competencies, namely the Skin and Hair Beauty Department at one of the private vocational schools in the Cilamaya-Karawang area. The sample for data collection in this study was by taking 30 respondents using a saturated sample. The results of this research indicate that there must be an evaluation regarding the level of ergonomics with the PERA measurement results ranging between 7.4 - 11.8, indicating that the AR user interface in the cosmetic industry advertising is in the high-risk category so that further improvements are needed in the future so as not to pose a risk of musculoskeletal disorders in teenagers. Thus, AR developers in the advertising industry must pay attention to the comfort of the user’s posture in terms of duration, smartphone weight, and grip strength when using AR applications.
Mitochondrien und Orthomolekularmedizin: neue Perspektiven in der Behandlung des Fibromyalgie-Syndroms
Authors: Bulasikis Cosmo
Published: April 2024

Das Fibromyalgie-Syndrom, eine häufige Schmerzerkrankung mit Symptomen wie Schmerzen, Müdigkeit und kognitiven Störungen, ist eng mit mitochondrialen Dysfunktionen verbunden. Mitochondrien, die für die ATP-Produktion in den Zellen zuständig sind, spielen bei Fibromyalgie eine Schlüsselrolle. Dysfunktionale Mitochondrien führen zu verringerter ATP-Produktion und erhöhter Abhängigkeit vom weniger effizienten anaeroben Stoffwechsel, was die Symptome von Fibromyalgie verstärken kann. Aktuelle Forschungen zeigen eine deutliche Korrelation zwischen mitochondrialen Dysfunktionen und Fibromyalgie, einschließlich Störungen im Muskelenergiestoffwechsel und Anzeichen von oxidativem sowie nitrosativem Stress. Orthomolekularmedizinische Ansätze wie die Supplementierung mit Koenzym Q10, L-Carnitin, B-Vitaminen, D-Ribose und R-Alpha-Liponsäure könnten die mitochondriale Funktion verbessern und bieten neue Behandlungsmöglichkeiten. Diese Methoden zielen darauf ab, die zugrunde liegende Mitochondriopathie zu behandeln, und könnten einen wesentlichen Fortschritt in der Behandlung von Fibromyalgie darstellen. Zusätzlich spielen Lebensstil- und Verhaltensansätze eine wichtige Rolle in der Therapie, indem sie die mitochondriale Biogenese und den Muskelstoffwechsel fördern.
Numerical study of porous tip treatment in suppressing tip clearance vortices in cavitating flow
Authors: Bi Zhen , Bao Fubing , Zhang Lingxin , Shao Xueming , Li Shishan
Published: April 2024

Tip clearance cavitation (TCC) is a type of vortex cavitation. It widely exists in axial flow hydraulic machinery and has significant negative influence on the mechanical service life and the operating stability. It is necessary to suppress the tip clearance vortices (TCV) to control the TCC in engineering applications. Based on the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the present various suppression strategies, a new coupling method is proposed in this study by combining the damping approach and the diversion approach. Porous medium material is used to realize the coupling effect. A 2 mm span length porous tip is installed on the solid tip surface of a hydrofoil under two gap sizes conditions (representing two types of gap flow pattern), and excellent suppression results of the TCV and TCC are obtained. The characteristics and mechanism of the clearance flow are analyzed by numerical simulation. The numerical accuracy is verified by experimental qualitative observations. The simulation results show that the temporal and spatial stability of the clearance flow field is enhanced, and the leakage velocity and the TCV strength are weakened via the combined action of damping and diversion effects. There is a difference in the damping mechanism between the two gap flow patterns. It is a comprehensive result of viscous dissipation and momentum loss in the jet pattern represented by the small gap size, and primarily, the result of momentum loss in the rolling pattern represented by the large gap size.
Coherent surface acoustic wave–spin wave interactions detected by micro-focused Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy
Authors: Kunz Yannik , Küß Matthias , Schneider Michael , Geilen Moritz , Pirro Philipp , Albrecht Manfred , Weiler Mathias
Published: April 2024

We investigated the interaction of surface acoustic waves and spin waves with spatial resolution by micro-focused Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy in a Co40Fe40B20(10 nm) ferromagnetic layer on a LiNbO3-piezoelectric substrate. We experimentally demonstrate that the magnetoelastic excitation of magnons by phonons is coherent by studying the interference of light scattered off generated magnons and annihilated phonons. We find a pronounced spatial dependence of the phonon annihilation and magnon excitation, which we map as a function of the magnetic field. The coupling efficiency of the surface acoustic waves (SAWs) and the spin waves is characterized by a magnetic field-dependent decay of the SAWs amplitude.
Anisotropic attenuation of GHz-frequency acoustic phonons and the Grüneisen tensor in MgO crystal
Authors: Akhmedzhanov F. R. , Makharov N. M. , Lomonosov A. M. , Temnov V. V.
Published: April 2024

We report on measurements of the anisotropy of velocities and attenuation of GHz-frequency acoustic phonons in a cubic MgO crystal at room temperature. They are used to quantify the strong anisotropy of the Grüneisen parameter and calculate the attenuation anisotropy for Rayleigh surface acoustic waves. These observations constitute important building blocks for better understanding of ultrafast laser-based magneto-acoustic and nonlinear acoustic experiments at ultrahigh frequencies.
Massively scalable workflows for quantum chemistry: BigChem and ChemCloud
Authors: Hicks Colton B. , Martinez Todd J.
Published: April 2024

Electronic structure theory, i.e., quantum chemistry, is the fundamental building block for many problems in computational chemistry. We present a new distributed computing framework (BigChem), which allows for an efficient solution of many quantum chemistry problems in parallel. BigChem is designed to be easily composable and leverages industry-standard middleware (e.g., Celery, RabbitMQ, and Redis) for distributed approaches to large scale problems. BigChem can harness any collection of worker nodes, including ones on cloud providers (such as AWS or Azure), local clusters, or supercomputer centers (and any mixture of these). BigChem builds upon MolSSI packages, such as QCEngine to standardize the operation of numerous computational chemistry programs, demonstrated here with Psi4, xtb, geomeTRIC, and TeraChem. BigChem delivers full utilization of compute resources at scale, offers a programable canvas for designing sophisticated quantum chemistry workflows, and is fault tolerant to node failures and network disruptions. We demonstrate linear scalability of BigChem running computational chemistry workloads on up to 125 GPUs. Finally, we present ChemCloud, a web API to BigChem and successor to TeraChem Cloud. ChemCloud delivers scalable and secure access to BigChem over the Internet.
First-principles prediction of one-dimensional conductive metallic organic polymers as ultrahigh energy density anode for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Li Mingli , Wu Zhenzhen , Yang Pan , Allen Oscar J. , Zhao Di , Zhang Lei , Zhang Shanqing , Wang Yun
Published: April 2024

Metal–Organic Polymers (MOPs) have attracted growing attention for lithium-ion battery (LIB) applications due to their merits in orderly ionic transportation and robust structure stability in electrochemical reactions. However, they suffer from poor electronic conductivity. In this work, we apply first-principles density functional theory to explore the potential of three one-dimensional (1D) electrically conductive C6H2S4TM (TM = Fe, Co, and Ni) MOPs with the π–d conjugated coordination as anode materials for Li+ ions storage. Our theoretical results reveal that these 1D MOPs possess a superior theoretical capacity of over 748 mA h g−1. In particular, the 1D C6H2S4Ni MOP shows an exceptional theoretical specific capacity of 1110 mA h g−1 based on the three-electron transferring reaction, which significantly outperforms the traditional graphite-based anode material in LIBs. Moreover, the resonant charge transfer between Ni metal and ligand within the 1D C6H2S4Ni MOP reduces the diffusion energy barrier of the Li atoms when they migrate on the surface of the MOP. The ultrahigh theoretical specific capacity of the C6H2S4Ni MOP predicts that it can be a promising anode material for LIBs.