bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ISLAMIC EDUCATION GENEALOGY AS THE BASIS OF TREATING RELIGIOUS PLURALISM AND RELIGIOUS COMMUNITY HARMONY
Authors: Hasan Bisri
Published: July 2023

This article discusses multicultural education as a relevant educational model used as a basis for caring for religious pluralism and religious harmony for the people of Karangpandan Village who have religious diversity. The background of this study is that there are many groups of intellect towards religious pluralism which ultimately distort national unity. Seeing these conditions, it is important to make real efforts in order to re-awaken the importance of religious pluralism and religious harmony. This study uses a qualitative approach with ethnographic types. The main objective of this research is to describe religious diversity, religious pluralism, and religious harmony and to treat religious pluralism and religious harmony in Karangpandan Village that is obtained from empirical data. To obtain a valid data, it is done by means of participant observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. Data sources were selected using a snowball sampling pattern, while the analysis was based on qualitative data/informants in the field using four types of qualitative data analysis techniques, namely domain analysis, taxonomy, componential analysis, and cultural theme analysis. The results of this study indicate that the formal findings of this research is the collaborative accommodative multicultural Islamic education model, that is, a plural society that has a dominant culture, makes certain adjustments and accommodations for the cultural needs of minorities, formulates and implements culturally sensitive laws, and provides freedom to minorities to maintain and develop their culture, otherwise the majority do not against the dominant culture and between the majority and minority groups collaborate to build and maintain a culture of society that implements the values ​​of multicultural education.         

Keywords:  : Genealogy of Islamic Education, Religious Pluralism,
ADAPTATION OF SANTRI IN THE ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATIONAL CULTURE
Authors: Imam Bukhori  , Yaqub Cikusin
Published: July 2023

The objectives of the study are to describe, understand and analyze the Islamic religious educational culture at PZH Genggong which includes: the values ​​and customs of Islamic religious educational culture at PZH Genggong;  the stages of the adaptation process by new santri in the Islamic religious educational culture at PZH Genggong;  and the Multicultural Islamic Education model on the adaptation of santri in Islamic religious educational culture at PZH Genggong.  In this study used a qualitative approach with ethnographic methods.  Data collection was carried out through participant observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. Data analysis using interactive Miles-Huberman data analysis model and Spradley ethnographic analysis.  The results of the study show that the values ​​in PZH Genggong are accumulated in the Satlogi Santri and the Sembilan Budi Utama Santri (Nine Main Virtues of Santri), all of which include in moral, religious and scientific values.  These values ​​are then expressed in structured customs of yaumiyyah, usbu'iyyah, syahriyyah, and sanawiyyah.  And the process of adaptation of santri in PZH Genggong culture goes through several stages of the process including physical and psychological preparation before boarding (preparation for change), living in boarding school is fun (phase 1 –honeymoon), not feeling at home in boarding school (phase 2 - frustation), the learning to be a good santri (phase 3 - readjustment), and the last is becoming a santri of PZH Genggong (phase 4 -resolution).  The multicultural Islamic education model through the process of adaptation of santri to the culture of PZH Genggong consists of the main values ​​that exist in PZH Genggong which are accumulated in the Satlogi Santri and the Nine Main Virtues of Santri, the social structure of PZH Genggong consists of individuals and society, environment and customs, social interaction, the process of adaptation which is the process of adjusting the santri to the values ​​and customs of PZH Genggong, occurs and the social function as the output of the process of adaptation of santri in the culture of PZH Genggong is the transformation of the values ​​of  Satlogy Santri and Nine Main Virtues of Santri which is then expressed in the customs of the santri so that there is social harmony in the life of the santri at PZH Genggong.
CONSTRUCTION OF ISLAMIC CHARACTER EDUCATION MULTICULTURAL PERSPECTIVES AT TEBUIRENG ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL JOMBANG
Authors: Saihul Atho’ A’alul Huda  , Maskuri  , Djunaidi Ghony
Published: July 2023

The issue of character education and morality for the Indonesian generation entering the era of society 5.0 has received serious attention from all circles, both from the government and the community. This is motivated by the fact that there are a number of cases concerning morality and national character which are increasingly showing a shift and need to be improved immediately. Pesantren Tebuireng is well aware of this phenomenon. This pesantren has implemented character education for a long time, and even since the first time this institution was founded. The view that has always been used as a guide for this pesantren is al-muhafadzatu 'ala al-Qadimi al- Salih wa al-Akhdu bi al-Jadidi al-Ashlah.`The purpose of this study is to uncover, describe, analyze, and then provide an interpretation of the research findings; 1) Exploration of the Value of Multicultural Perspective Character Education 2) Practice of Multicultural Perspective Character Education and 3) Construction Model of Multicultural Perspective Character Education. The theory used in the value exploration aspect uses the Grand Theory of multiculturalism offered by Abdullah Aly. Meanwhile, in the construction and practical aspects, Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckman, Imam al-Ghazali, James A. Banks, and Thomas Likona's theories are used. This research method is categorized as qualitative research while the approach is a case study. Data collection techniques were carried out through, a) observation, b) in-depth interviews c) document analysis. The data source was selected through a snowball pattern (snowball sampling). While the data analysis technique refers to the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana, namely through; (1) data condensation; (2) presentation of data, and (3) drawing conclusions. Confirmability is carried out through data collection, data reconstruction. Checking the validity of the data is done through extension of participation, persistence of observation, and triangulation. The results of this study indicate that: 1) the exploration of the character values of the multicultural perspective that grows and develops in this boarding school there are 22 values which are conceptually grouped into three parts: a) the values of nationalist characters, b) values of social character, c) religious values 2) the praxis of educational learning is implemented through activities and various dimensions or approaches. 3) Thus, the findings of the new model in this study are a multiculturalist spiritual construction model and a transformative construction model: Traditional & Modern integration.
IMPLEMENTATION OF SUFISTIC EDUCATION VALUES OF QADIRIYYAH WA NAQSYABANDIYYAH TARIQA
Authors: Ainul Aziz Kafaa
Published: July 2023

By sunnatullah every creature experiences a period of birth, development, maturity, aging and then death, including humans. Old age or old age is actually a natural process, but specifically for humans, this period leaves many problems both for those concerned and those around them, especially the problem of difficulties in adjustment and self-control. Based on the hadith of the Prophet saw. that every disease has a cure, except for old age, so old age, including diseases, needs to find a solution, primarily a solution so that the elderly (elderly humans) can have self-control to adjust to the life they live. However, often because of various impulses and other disturbances, how difficult it is to regulate self-control. To achieve complete mental health in humans, education for something must be carried out consistently and within a certain frequency to play a role as a means of self-control, as is often found in Sufistic education in the Qodiriyah wa Naqsabandiyah Order at the Miftahul Huda Islamic Boarding School, Gading, Malang.
Penerapan Perumusan Organik Manajemen Dalam Simulasi Pembelajaran Kerja Sama Tim Pada Proses Abandon Ship Menggunakan Breeches Buoy
Authors: Chandra Kusuma Ade , Handojo Budi , Yahya Herkanus Bee Joshua , Syahputra Ganda
Published: July 2023

Fungsi organik dalam manajemen berupa planning, organising, actuating, dan controlling perlu dilakukan dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran kerja sama crew kapal dalam proses abandon ship dengan menggunakan breeches buoy. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji metode pembelajaran berupa role play (simulasi) kerja sama pada pembelajaran Kecakapan Bahari II di Sekolah Tinggi Maritim Yogyakarta. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif sebagai model penjabaran berupa narasi kegiatan yang dilaksanakan. Peneliti menggunakan fasilitas Mooring and Winch Model milik Sekolah Tinggi Maritim Yogyakarta untuk melaksanakan praktik abandon ship. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perumusan organik dalam manajemen kerja sama tim pada proses abandon ship menggunakan breeches buoy meliputi perencanaan dengan memutuskan tujuan dan kegiatan yang harus dikerjakan, organising dengan membuat kelompok dengan tugas masing-masing, dan actuating dengan kerja sama antar taruna dalam persiapan securing rope pada persiapan rangkaian tali breeches buoy.
Dampak Beban Kerja Unit Sium Terhadap Layanan di Polsek Tempuran Karawang Tahun 2021
Authors: Ridwan Rafid Maulana , Nandang Nandang , Apriani Zenita
Published: July 2023

Polsek Tempuran merupakan wadah bagi masyarakat untuk membuat laporan dan aduan terkait tindak pindana, pencurian, pemukulan, hingga permohonan perlindungan. Pengaduan dan pelaporan dari masyarakat akan diterima dan diproses lebih lanjut oleh pihak kepolisian sesuai dengan hukum yang berlaku, untuk tujuan dari penelitian ini dilakukan oleh peneliti, yaitu pertama untuk mengetahui kurangnya tenaga kerja pada Unit Sium Polsek Tempuran Karawang; kedua untuk mengetahui kurangnya kinerja dalam pemahaman komputasi digitalisasi pada Unit Sium Polsek Tempuran Karawang; ketiga untuk mengetahui intensitas beban kerja yang ditanggung oleh tenaga kerja yang ada di Unit Sium Polsek Tempuran Karawang, metode yang digunakan peneliti adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif yaitu suatu metode analisis data yang menentukan, menafsirkan, serta mengklasifikasikan data-data atau informasi juga dibantu dengan metode penelitian library research yaitu melakukan kajian yang mendalam melalui  jurnal,  buku,  dan  media sosial. Masalah yang dihadapi oleh peneliti diantaranya pertama tugas rutin salah satu unit dialihkan ke unit Sium karena minimnya anggota Polsek Tempuran dan yang kedua dengan jumlah dua anggota Unit Sium yang sangat tidak memungkinkan untuk efektif dan efisiensinya penyelesaian laporan dan penginputan data dengan cepat dan tepat waktu. Maka dari itu peneliti memberikan saran solusi akan permasalahan tersebut yang pertama harus menambahkan jumlah anggota, tenaga kerja, atau pegawai baru dibagian unit Sium tersebut dan yang kedua dengan taraf standar terutama dapat mengurangi intensitas kelelahan yang dialami anggota lainnya sehingga peneliti dapat mengetahui dan memberikan penjelasan akan keefektifan dan efisiensi waktu pada pengerjaan laporan maupun input data tersebut.
Dampak Cyberbullying di Media Sosial pada Perilaku Reaktif Remaja di Desa Sei Rotan
Authors: Ardyah Rahmadani Tasya , Harahap Nursapia
Published: July 2023

Remaja adalah salah satu kelompok yang paling rentan saat menggunakan internet. Salah satu dampak negatif penggunaan media sosial adalah cyberbullying. Cyberbullying dapat dilihat dalam bentuk agresi, pelecehan, penghinaan, ketidakmanusiawian, toksisitas, pelecehan verbal. rasisme, seksisme, hasutan untuk melakukan kekerasan, ujaran kebencian, ancaman, atau kombinasinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap dampak dari adanya cyberbullying di media sosial dan perilaku reaktif remaja yang ditimbulkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian yakni  fenomenologi. Informan penelitian ini yakni remaja di desa Sei Rotan, sebanyak 20 orang yang diidentifikasi dengan teknik purposive sampling. Uji keabsahan datanya dilakukan dengan triangulasi data. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa lebih dari setengah informan yang diperoleh mengalami cyberbullying dan menunjukkan perilaku reaktif yang bersikap apatis ketika hal tersebut terjadi pada diri sendiri, namun ketika terjadi pada temannya, mereka cenderung bertindak. Disamping itu, cyberbullying yang mereka terima berlanjut pada bullying yang terjadi disekolah.
PENGEMBANGAN DESTINASI PARIWISATA HUTAN MANGROVE KECAMATAN GUNUNG ANYAR KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Alfariq Sandika , Hardjati Susi
Published: July 2023

This qualitative research with a descriptive method is entitled: "Development of Mangrove Forest Tourism Destinations, Gunung Anyar District, Surabaya City". development of mangrove forest tourism, Gunung Anyar sub-district, Surabaya City. Based on research results including: Natural Tourism Attraction, this is evidenced by the fact that in 2019-2021 the number of visitors experienced a significant increase with a total of 61,359 total visitors. Attractions, in the Mangrove Forest tourist area, Gunung Anyar District, Surabaya City, namely: planting mangrove seedlings and planting mangroves. The facilities in the Mangrove Forest include: Lobby, Front office & ticketing, Flora information center, Fauna information center, Mangrove UKM Workshop, Mangrove UKM Gallery, Mangrove research, Mangrove nursery area, Mangrove forest planting area, Mangrove forest jogging track, Foodcourt, and Café. Accessibility, This tourist location is not far from the city of Surabaya and easy access. The Surabaya Mangrove Forest is located on Jalan Raya Wonorejo No.1, Gunung Anyar District, Surabaya City, East Java.
Peran Domestik dan Hubungan Sosial dalam Keluarga Perempuan Pengemudi Ojek Online Maxim di Kota Makassar
Authors: Rais Lukman , Ramli Umar , Hidaya Nur , Halik Wahyuddin , Purnomo Arie
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bagaimana peran domestik dan hubungan sosial dalam keluarga perempuan pengemudi ojek online maxim di Kota Makassar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan tipe deskriptif. Penentuan informan dengan Snowball Sampling, dimana informan berjumlah 8 (delapan) orang perempuan pengemudi ojek online Maxim dengan status keluarga lengkap, atau memiliki suami yang bekerja ataupun tidak lagi bekerja dan single parent. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peran domestik perempuan pengemudi ojek online adalah menjalankan tanggung jawabnya terhadap anak dan suaminya, mengurus segala kebutuhan rumah tangga baik mengenai pendidikan maupun mengelola kebutuhan keluarga. Jika perempuan pengemudi ojek online nya itu single parent maka tanggung jawabnya lebih besar karena tidak memiliki rekan atau pasangan yang dapat diajak untuk bekerja sama dalam mengurus segala kebutuhan rumah tangga. Sementara Hubungan sosial perempuan pengemudi ojek online dalam keluarga adalah berbentuk harmonis jika terjalin kerja sama jika saling mendukung dan saling menjaga satu sama lain, tetapi tercipta konflik karena tidak seimbangnya peran yang dilakukan sehingga dibutuhkan pembagian peran dan manajemen waktu untuk mengurus keluarga dan mencari nafkah.
Unravelling elusive mysteries of bovine milk proteins by mass spectrometry
Authors:   , Gazi Inge
Published: July 2023

Milk is the first source of nutrition of the neonate and has constituted a major food group in the human diet for over 9 millennia, also beyond infancy. The discovery of milk proteins dates back to the early 1800s, marking over 2 centuries of milk protein research. More recently, genome sequencing and the advancement of mass spectrometry techniques have created the opportunity for booming research on milk proteins. The hereby generated knowledge is part of the foundation for understanding the physical-chemical and biological functionality of milk proteins.

The work described in this PhD thesis is based on modern mass spectrometric approaches applied for studying the dynamic changes in bovine milk proteins, with emphasis on carbohydrate modifications of proteins including glycation and glycosylation.
Glycation is a chemical modification that alters the digestibility and decreases the bioavailability of essential amino acids from milk proteins. Here, we found that milk protein glycation was triggered during the thermal processing steps during production and advanced during subsequent storage of skim milk powder. We characterized the diversifying milk proteoform profiles, with identification of glycation hot-spots, and of a preferential primary sequence motif of glycation.

Glycosylation is an enzymatic modification of the proteins, which heavily impacts a multitude of biological processes and functions. Our study of N-glycosylation during the transition from colostrum to mature milk in individual cows revealed changes in (N-glyco)protein abundances and dynamic changes in protein-specific N-glycosylation during lactation. Colostrum and mature milk proteins exhibited distinct N-glycosylation characteristics, indicating differences in their origin and functionality.
FUTBOL KULÜPLERİNDE GELİR VE GİDER FAALİYETLERİ: ÖRNEK MUHASEBE UYGULAMALARI
Authors: HACIHASANOĞLU Tansel , ASLAN Tunay , ÜNLÜ Ahmet
Published: July 2023

Spor denince öncelikle futbol akla gelmekte olup dünyada yaklaşık 3,5 milyar insan futbolu takip etmektedir. Yıllara göre değişmekle birlikte futbol ekonomisinin dünyada pazar payı yaklaşık 400 milyar civarındadır. Dünyada ciddi bir pazar haline gelen futbol ekonomisi faaliyetlerini sürdürürken önemli ölçüde gelir yaratmakta aynı ölçüde harcamaya(gider) katlanmaktadır. Futbol kulüplerinin gelir ve gider faaliyetleri çeşitlilik göstermekte ve muhasebe işlemlerinde farklılıklar ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu farklılıkları ortadan kaldırmak için önemli bir bölümü dernek statüsünde olan futbol kulüplerinin iktisadi işletme statüsüne geçmesi önem arz etmekte olup çalışmada bu faaliyetler örnek muhasebe olayları ile açıklanmıştır. Futbol kulüplerinin hem gelirlerine hem de giderlerine ilişkin çeşitli muhasebe yaklaşımları örnek olaylarla açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Dynamic attentional mechanisms of creative cognition
Authors: Tabatabaeian Shadab , Jennings Carolyn
Published: July 2023

In popular imagination creativity requires us to surrender control. Yet, attention is at the heart of control, and many studies show attention to play a key role in the creative process. This is partly due to the selective nature of attention—creative cognition consists of two phases, idea generation and idea evaluation, and selective processes are essential for both phases. Here, we investigate attentional (i.e., selective) mechanisms underlying each phase, using the framework of two major attention taxonomies: top-down/bottom-up and internal/external attention. We argue that creative cognition is supported by a dynamic interplay between the typically opposing sides of each taxonomy. Further, we argue that this dynamic relationship is reflected in interactions across three large-scale brain networks: the default mode (DMN), frontoparietal control (FPN), and salience (SN) networks. Our review of the evidence suggests that creative cognition is best achieved through the flexible use of multiple forms of attention, rather than through reduced attention. We thus propose a two-dimensional space, including one dimension for top-down/bottom-up attention and another for internal/external attention, which can sufficiently capture the flexibility and diversity of attentional mechanisms underlying different stages and components of creative cognition.
International Negotiation Techniques and Communication for the Sale Contract: a Special Reference to the United Arab Emirates & India
Authors: Marinò Graziella
Published: July 2023

The main purpose of this dissertation is to study various communication and negotiation techniques, due to the cultural diversity of the international community. Although the exchange of goods and products (international business) has become easier and more common, it cannot be ignored that the successful completion of the business depends to a large extent on the understanding of the framework in which it will operate. Therefore, when companies want to enter a new territory, enterprises analyze the scenario, and weigh the political and social environment of the territory, regardless of whether or not they intend to open a new establishment. Since one of the most common operations in international business transactions is related to international sale contracts, this dissertation pays special attention to this legal category and the most common conflict resolution mechanisms.
System for the protection of human rights worldwide with special attention to Arab-Muslim countries. Comparing the fundamental rights of women in Muslim countries and Saudi Arabia: Introduction of a new personal status law
Authors: Marinò Graziella
Published: July 2023

The main aim of this paper is to show how the protection of human rights contemplated in the Charter of the United Nations (1945) has also been applied in Muslim Arab countries, through the issue of regionalization of rights, which resulted in the adoption of new documents related to the protection of human rights. Likewise, a comparison will be carried out on the protection of women's rights in some Muslim countries in which it has been shown that we cannot speak of a single Islam, given that Islam is a religion present not only in countries with a Muslim majority but also in Europe, being affected both by history and tradition and culture present in all countries. In this way, we observe how, through the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, seeks to provide different interpretations of it.
Linear regression for Poisson count data: a new semi-analytical method with applications to COVID-19 events
Authors: Bonamente Massimiliano
Published: July 2023

This study presents the application of a new semi-analytical method of linear regression for Poisson count data to COVID-19 events. The regression is based on the maximum-likelihood solution for the best-fit parameters presented in an earlier publication, and this study introduces a simple analytical solution for the covariance matrix that completes the problem of linear regression with Poisson data for one independent variable. The analytical nature of both parameter estimates and their covariance matrix is made possible by a convenient factorization of the linear model proposed by J. Scargle. The method makes use of the asymptotic properties of the Fisher information matrix, whose inverse provides the covariance matrix. The combination of simple analytical methods to obtain both the maximum-likelihood estimates of the parameters and their covariance matrix constitutes a new and convenient method for the linear regression of Poisson-distributed count data, which are of common occurrence across a variety of fields. A comparison between this maximum-likelihood linear regression method for Poisson data and two alternative methods often used for the regression of count data—the ordinary least–square regression and the χ2 regression—is provided with the application of these methods to the analysis of recent COVID-19 count data. The study also discusses the relative advantages and disadvantages among these methods for the linear regression of Poisson count data.
Sheepfolds induce significant increase of seasonal CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions in temperate steppes of Inner Mongolia
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Guo Xudong , Zhou Di , Wang Hao , Li Haoxin , Li Frank Yonghong
Published: July 2023

Introduction

The changes in grassland management and grassland types are strongly linked with dynamics in soil physico-chemical properties and vegetation attributes, with important implications for carbon/nitrogen cycling and greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes. However, the seasonal variations of GHG emissions from sheepfolds, and the underlying biotic and abiotic drivers affecting GHG exchanges across different steppe and management types remain largely unclear.

Methods

Taking the Inner Mongolian grassland as a model system, we measured the fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O, as well as soil and vegetation variables, in three contrasting grassland management areas (grazing, sheepfold, enclosure) and in three representative (wet typical, dry typical, desert) grassland ecosystems in July, September and November 2016.

Results

Our results showed that: (1) GHG fluxes were mostly higher in the plant growing season (July and September) than in the nongrowing season (November); sheepfold area had significantly higher GHG emissions (in July and mean over the season) than enclosed and grazing areas, with the effects being most pronounced in dry typical steppe. (2) The high GHG emissions in dry typical steppe were closely associated with the interactions among favorable soil temperature and moisture, high total organic carbon (TOC) content, and high aboveground biomass. The important predictors for CO2 emission were soil TOC and pH, whereas that for CH4 and N2O emissions were soil temperature and moisture content, in sheepfold areas. (3) Three GHG emissions were negatively affected by species richness across all steppe and management types, which might be a consequence of indirect effects through the changes in soil TOC and total nitrogen (TN).

Discussion

These results indicate that sheepfold areas are intensive hotspot sources of GHGs in the steppes, and it is of great importance to help to account GHG emissions and develop mitigation strategies for sheepfold areas for sustainable grassland management in the natural steppe based pastoral production ecosystems.
Fish in Kongsfjorden under the influence of climate warming
Authors: Gorska Natalia , Schmidt Beata , Węsławski Jan Marcin , Grabowski Miłosz , Dragan-Górska Agata , Szczucka Joanna , Beszczynska-Möller Agnieszka
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Kongsfjorden is being impacted by climate warming, which has fostered the increase of abundance of Atlantic fish (e.g. Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua), fish that are non-endemic for Kongsfjorden. The growth and high predation potential of Atlantic fish may affect the survival of polar cod (Boreogadus saida), native species of the Kongsfjorden, a species with ecological and economic value. This means that it is important to monitor the impact of climate change on the fjord fish community. This, as well as the experience of the successful use of hydroacoustic techniques in the fjord, encouraged us to continue in 2022 the hydroacoustic study of fish that began in 2013 and 2014. Our main goal was to understand and confirm how the fish community in Kongsfjorden has changed over the last decade under the influence of global warming.

Methods

Our approach aimed not only to replicate the previous research conducted in 2013 and 2014, based on the same methodology for collecting and analyzing hydroacoustic data, but also to compare the newly acquired data with the results available in the previous publications. The histograms of fish target strength (a measure of sound backscatter by an individual) were analyzed and the fish spatial distribution (regarding thermohaline structure and “predator-prey” relationships) was acoustically observed.

Results

The presence of native polar cod and non-endemic Atlantic cod in the Kongsfjorden was shown. Furthermore, during the study period, an increase in fish size diversity was observed, which suggests change in the food web and a decline in native polar cod. It was confirmed that the process of establishment of non-Arctic species Atlantic cod in Kongsfjorden continues.

Discussion

We went beyond the spatial and temporal constraints of previous Kongsfjorden studies, taking into account fjord fish communities over a wider area and over the long term. Therefore, our understanding of climate warming impact on the fish community of Kongsfjorden has been deepened. Further progress necessitates annual hydroacoustic observation of the fjord fish community accompanied by biological sampling.
Early changes of ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness and macular microvasculature in Posner-Schlossman syndrome: a binocular control study by OCTA
Authors: Hu Zhiyi , Zhu Liwei , Xu Junli , Wei Jiamin , Wu Shuangqing , Dai Qi , Xu Qibin
Published: July 2023

To evaluate the early changes in ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness and macular microvasculature in Posner-Schlossman syndrome (PSS) with a binocular control study involving optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Twenty-six patients with unilateral PSS were included in this cross-sectional study. All subjects underwent a thorough ocular examination. Macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) and superficial macular microvasculature measurements, including vessel density (VD), perfusion density (PD) and the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), were recorded. In PSS-affected eyes, the mGCIPL thickness was significantly lower in all quadrants than in the contralateral eyes (all p < 0.05). Significant macular microvascular damage was found in the PSS-affected eyes, including whole-image VD (wiVD), wiPD, perifoveal VD (periVD) and periPD (all p < 0.05); but there was no obvious difference in parafoveal VD (paraVD), paraPD and FAZ parameters (all p > 0.05). In addition, a decreased wiVD and wiPD were significantly correlated with a smaller mGCIPL thickness and a decreased MD (all p < 0.05). These parameters may contribute to the early detection of glaucomatous damage and timely supervision of disease progression in PSS.
Whole genome sequencing for metastatic mutational burden in extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma
Authors: Zou Trudy , Sethi Rahil , Wang Jiefei , Budak Gungor , Chandran Uma , John Ivy , Watters Rebecca , Weiss Kurt
Published: July 2023

Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma (EMC) is an ultra-rare cancer that makes up less than 3% of all soft tissue sarcomas. It most often arises in the soft tissues of the proximal limbs and has a higher incidence in males. Though EMC has a good prognosis, it has an indolent course with high rates of local recurrence as well as metastasis to the lungs. EMC is characterized in 70% of cases by an EWS1-NR4A3 translocation, leading to constitutive expression of NR4A3. Structural variants (SVs) in EMC, especially large-scale genomic alterations, have not been well studied and studies are severely limited by sample size. In this study, we describe Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) of a rare case of matched EMC primary tumor, lung metastasis, and pelvic metastasis to identify genomic alterations. We examined somatic variants, copy number variants (CNVs), and larger scale SVs such as translocations and breakend points. While the primary tumor and lung metastasis had similar somatic variations and CNVs, the pelvic metastasis had more unique SVs with especially increased mutational burden of SVs in chromosome 2. This suggests that different molecular drivers appear in more advanced, relapsing EMC compared with the primary tumor and early lung metastasis. Genomic studies such as ours may identify novel molecular complexities in rare cancers that may be leveraged for therapeutic strategies and precision medicine.
Finite element analysis of Kirschner wire fixation for lateral condyle fracture in children in the sagittal plane
Authors: Bai Huanan , Lu Qingda , Liang Xiaoju , Wang Xiaoming , Yang Yating , Wang Huan , Wang Jiaju , Jie Qiang
Published: July 2023

Objective

This study aims to find the optimal arrangement of the Kirschner wire (K-wire) in the sagittal plane for fixation of a pediatric lateral condylar humeral fracture (Milch type II) by using finite element analysis (FEA).

Methods

A model of lateral condyle fracture in a 6-year-old boy was developed, and an XYZ coordinate system was established based on this model. The YZ plane was defined as the sagittal plane to investigate the impact of the angle formed by the first and second K-wires on stability. Two configurations were studied for each angle: parallel and divergent. Evaluation indicators included the maximum displacement of the fracture fragment and the maximum von Mises stress in the pins and bone.

Results

The model with a −60° angle showed the best performance in both evaluation indicators. The parallel and divergent pin configurations had different performances in each group. The displacement results for negative angles were similar, and this result was better than those for positive angles.

Conclusion

We successfully created a model of pediatric lateral condyle humerus fracture (Milch type II) and performed K-wire fixation with varying sagittal plane configurations, combined with FEA. Our findings demonstrate that the angle of −60° between the two pins in the sagittal plane provided the highest level of stability, with divergent configurations proving superior to parallel pinning at this angle.
Ingested histamine and serotonin interact to alter Anopheles stephensi feeding and flight behavior and infection with Plasmodium parasites
Authors: Coles Taylor A. , Briggs Anna M. , Hambly Malayna G. , Céspedes Nora , Fellows Abigail M. , Kaylor Hannah L. , Adams Alexandria D. , Van Susteren Grace , Bentil Ronald E. , Robert Michael A. , Riffell Jeffrey A. , Lewis Edwin E. , Luckhart Shirley
Published: July 2023

Blood levels of histamine and serotonin (5-HT) are altered in human malaria, and, at these levels, we have shown they have broad, independent effects on Anopheles stephensi following ingestion by this invasive mosquito. Given that histamine and 5-HT are ingested together under natural conditions and that histaminergic and serotonergic signaling are networked in other organisms, we examined effects of combinations of these biogenic amines provisioned to A. stephensi at healthy human levels (high 5-HT, low histamine) or levels associated with severe malaria (low 5-HT, high histamine). Treatments were delivered in water (priming) before feeding A. stephensi on Plasmodium yoelii-infected mice or via artificial blood meal. Relative to effects of histamine and 5-HT alone, effects of biogenic amine combinations were complex. Biogenic amine treatments had the greatest impact on the first oviposition cycle, with high histamine moderating low 5-HT effects in combination. In contrast, clutch sizes were similar across combination and individual treatments. While high histamine alone increased uninfected A. stephensi weekly lifetime blood feeding, neither combination altered this tendency relative to controls. The tendency to re-feed 2 weeks after the first blood meal was altered by combination treatments, but this depended on mode of delivery. For blood delivery, malaria-associated treatments yielded higher percentages of fed females relative to healthy-associated treatments, but the converse was true for priming. Female mosquitoes treated with the malaria-associated combination exhibited enhanced flight behavior and object inspection relative to controls and healthy combination treatment. Mosquitoes primed with the malaria-associated combination exhibited higher mean oocysts and sporozoite infection prevalence relative to the healthy combination, with high histamine having a dominant effect on these patterns. Compared with uninfected A. stephensi, the tendency of infected mosquitoes to take a second blood meal revealed an interaction of biogenic amines with infection. We used a mathematical model to project the impacts of different levels of biogenic amines and associated changes on outbreaks in human populations. While not all outbreak parameters were impacted the same, the sum of effects suggests that histamine and 5-HT alter the likelihood of transmission by mosquitoes that feed on hosts with symptomatic malaria versus a healthy host.
Investigating the experiences of family caregivers who shackle people with mental disorders
Authors: Kusumawaty Ira , Yunike Yunike
Published: July 2023

The mental health literacy gap has resulted in the shackling of people with mental illness by family caregivers. Although shackling violates human rights and impacts physical and psychological health, it still occurs in some countries, such as Indonesia. An in-depth study using the family function approach is needed to distinguish the components behind the application of shackling by families to find solutions to prevent shackling. Thus, this study aims to identify family functions in people with mental disorder (PWMD) care and to create a family care model for PWMD in accordance with the family function approach and recommendations for preventing shackling. This qualitative research used a phenomenological approach, involving eight participants who are family caregivers and live with their patients. Triangulation was conducted by applying interviews with four health cadres to confirm previous information. The process of in-depth interviews and observational data collection methods was carried out until reaching data saturation. The data analysis process used Collaizi's pattern to formulate three main themes, namely confinement as the final solution for the family, the specifics of confinement, and the family's purpose for confinement. The conclusion is that shackling occurs due to a lack of understanding of the impact of shackling and the various limitations experienced, so shackling becomes the last resort when dealing with patients. Peer support is very important for families to prevent the confinement of mentally ill family members. Technological advances are an inherent need in everyday life and must support family caregivers with mental disorders.
The influence of depressive symptoms and school-going status on risky behaviors: a pooled analysis among adolescents in six sub-Saharan African countries
Authors: Partap Uttara , Assefa Nega , Berhane Yemane , Sie Ali , Guwatudde David , Killewo Japhet , Oduola Ayoade , Sando Mary M. , Vuai Said , Adanu Richard , Bärnighausen Till , Fawzi Wafaie W.
Published: July 2023

Background

Evidence from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) regarding risky behaviors among adolescents remains scarce, despite the large population (approximately 249 million out of 1.2 billion globally in 2019) of adolescents in the region. We aimed to examine the potential influence of depressive symptoms and school-going status on risky behaviors among adolescents in six SSA countries.

Methods

We used individual cross-sectional data from adolescents aged 10–19 based in eight communities across six SSA countries, participating in the ARISE Network Adolescent Health Study (N = 7,661). Outcomes of interest were cigarette or tobacco use, alcohol use, other substance use, getting into a physical fight, no condom use during last sexual intercourse, and suicidal behavior. We examined the proportion of adolescents reporting these behaviors, and examined potential effects of depressive symptoms [tertiles of 6-item Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale (KADS-6) score] and school-going status on these behaviors using mixed-effects Poisson regression models. We also assessed effect modification of associations by sex, age, and school-going status.

Results

The proportion of adolescents reporting risky behaviors was varied, from 2.2% for suicidal behaviors to 26.2% for getting into a physical fight. Being in the higher tertiles of KADS-6 score was associated with increased risk of almost all risky behaviors [adjusted risk ratio (RR) for highest KADS-6 tertile for alcohol use: 1.70, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.48–1.95, p < 0.001; for physical fight: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.36–1.70, p < 0.001; for suicidal behavior: 7.07, 95% CI: 2.69–18.57, p < 0.001]. Being in school was associated with reduced risk of substance use (RR for alcohol use: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.53–1.00, p = 0.047), and not using a condom (RR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.66–0.99, p = 0.040). There was evidence of modification of the effect of school-going status on risky behaviors by age and sex.

Conclusion

Our findings reinforce the need for a greater focus on risky behaviors among adolescents in SSA. Addressing depressive symptoms among adolescents, facilitating school attendance and using schools as platforms to improve health may help reduce risky behaviors in this population. Further research is also required to better assess the potential bidirectionality of associations.
Validity of activity wristbands for estimating daily physical activity in primary schoolchildren under free-living conditions: School-Fit study
Authors: Mayorga-Vega Daniel , Casado-Robles Carolina , Guijarro-Romero Santiago , Viciana Jesús
Published: July 2023

Introduction

The use of activity wristbands to monitor and promote schoolchildren's physical activity (PA) is increasingly widespread. However, their validity has not been sufficiently studied, especially among primary schoolchildren. Consequently, the main purpose was to examine the validity of the daily steps and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) scores estimated by the activity wristbands Fitbit Ace 2, Garmin Vivofit Jr 2, and the Xiaomi Mi Band 5 in primary schoolchildren under free-living conditions.

Materials and methods

An initial sample of 67 schoolchildren (final sample = 62; 50% females), aged 9–12 years old (mean = 10.4 ± 1.0 years), participated in the present study. Each participant wore three activity wristbands (Fitbit Ace 2, Garmin Vivofit Jr 2, and Xiaomi Mi Band 5) on his/her non-dominant wrist and a research-grade accelerometer (ActiGraph wGT3X-BT) on his/her hip as the reference standard (number of steps and time in MVPA) during the waking time of one day.

Results

Results showed that the validity of the daily step scores estimated by the Garmin Vivofit Jr 2 and Xiaomi Mi Band 5 were good and acceptable (e.g., MAPE = 9.6/11.3%, and lower 95% IC of ICC = 0.87/0.73), respectively, as well as correctly classified schoolchildren as meeting or not meeting the daily 10,000/12,000-step-based recommendations, obtaining excellent/good and good/acceptable results (e.g., Garmin Vivofit Jr 2, k = 0.75/0.62; Xiaomi Mi Band 5, k = 0.73/0.53), respectively. However, the Fitbit Ace 2 did not show an acceptable validity (e.g., daily steps: MAPE = 21.1%, and lower 95% IC of ICC = 0.00; step-based recommendations: k = 0.48/0.36). None of the three activity wristbands showed an adequate validity for estimating daily MVPA (e.g., MAPE = 36.6–90.3%, and lower 95% IC of ICC = 0.00–0.41) and the validity for the MVPA-based recommendation tended to be considerably lower (e.g., k = −0.03–0.54).

Conclusions

The activity wristband Garmin Vivofit Jr 2 obtained the best validity for monitoring primary schoolchildren's daily steps, offering a feasible alternative to the research-grade accelerometers. Furthermore, this activity wristband could be used during PA promotion programs to provide accurate feedback to primary schoolchildren to ensure their accomplishment with the PA recommendations.
Why We Must Think About Climate Change When Planning How to Use Our Seas
Authors: Brévière Emilie , Hammar Linus , Wåhlström Iréne , Pålsson Jonas , Arneborg Lars , Almroth-Rosell Elin , Jonsson Per
Published: July 2023

Many activities take place at sea. For example, goods are transported by ships, people enjoy time by the beach, piers and buildings are constructed on the coastline, and fishermen fish. Human activities change the sea’s environment and can harm ocean animals and plants. To find a good balance between using and protecting the sea, many countries have begun planning their ocean space—a process called marine spatial planning. Planners use tools developed by researchers to understand how various human activities will affect the sea in the future. When we added climate change into a software tool for marine spatial planning in Sweden, we found that climate change alone might be as harmful to the sea as all other human activities taken together! Climate change is strongly affecting the sea and should, therefore, be included in marine spatial planning.
Decisional Needs of People From Minority Ethnic Groups Around Living Donor Kidney Transplantation: A UK Healthcare Professionals’ Perspective
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed , Winterbottom Anna , Ahmed Shenaz , Stoves John , Daga Sunil
Published: July 2023

Despite improved patient and clinical outcomes, living donor kidney transplantation is underutilized in the United Kingdom, particularly among minority ethnic groups, compared to deceased donor kidney transplantation. This may in part be due to the way in which kidney services present information about treatment options. With a focus on ethnicity, semi structured interviews captured the views of 19 kidney healthcare professionals from two renal centres in West Yorkshire, about the decisional needs and context within which people with advanced kidney disease make transplant decisions. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Themes were categorized into three groups: 1) Kidney healthcare professionals: language, cultural awareness, trusted personnel, and staff diversity, 2) Patient information resources: timing and setting of education and suitability of patient-facing information and, 3) People with advanced kidney disease: knowledge, risk perception, and cultural/religious beliefs. To our knowledge, this is the first study in the United Kingdom to investigate in depth, healthcare professionals’ views on living donor kidney transplantation decision making. Six recommendations for service improvement/delivery to support decision making around living donor kidney transplantation among minority ethnic groups are described.
A kőzetjövesztés energiaigény-csökkentésével kapcsolatos kutatások eredményei
Authors: András József , Kovács József
Published: July 2023

Az energiaigény a fő paraméter, amely leírja a kőzetjövesztési folyamat hatékonyságát a mechanikai kitermelésben. Mivelhogy a kőzetnyerési folyamat nagyon komplex, csak a klasszikus kőzetmechanika által előírt kőzetszilárdsági tulajdonságok ismerete nem elegendő, a forgácsolóerők értékeinek, az eltávolított forgácsok alakjának és mennyiségének ismerete a szerszám-geometria és a jövesztőeszköz kinematikája alapján, jelentős súllyal bír a kitermelő gépek optimális kialakításában és működési paramétereik javításában. A tanulmány a Petrozsényi Egyetemen végzett kutatások néhány eredményével foglalkozik, mind elméleti kibontásban, mind laboratóriumi és helyszíni kísérleti vizsgálatokban.
Különböző munkaközeggel működő hőszivattyúk összehasonlító exergetikai elemzése
Authors: Dósa János , Ovidiu-Bogdan Tomuș
Published: July 2023

A dolgozat bemutatja a különböző ózonlebontó potenciállal és globális felmelegedési potenciállal rendelkező hűtőközegeket használó hőszivattyúk összehasonlító exergetikai elemzését. Világviszonylatban a házak légkondicionálását nagy energiaügyi kihívásnak tekintik, mivel a túlnyomórészt forró éghajlaton elhelyezkedő országok gazdasági fejlődése a hűtés iránti kereslet növekedéséhez vezet. Emellett a hőszivattyúk egyre elterjedtebb alkalmazása a mérsékelt éghajlatú területeken az energiahatékonyság növelése érdekében tovább növeli a hűtőközegek széles körű felhasználását. Ennek eredményeként nem szabad figyelmen kívül hagyni a hűtőközegek környezeti hatását. Másrészt a magas energiahatékonyság környezeti előnye a fosszilis tüzelőanyagok különféle célú elégetése során keletkező üvegházhatású gázok kibocsátásának csökkentése. Ennek a megközelítésnek az a célja, hogy rávilágítson arra, hogy a modern környezetkímélő hűtőközegek használata milyen hatással van a hőszivattyúk exergiahatékonyságára.