bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring budgetary accounting practices on the Jaton (Javanese Tondano) eid celebration tradition in Gorontalo
Authors: Novia Maharani Putri  , Triyuwono Iwan , Purwanti Lilik
Published: December 2023

This research aims to reveal the budgeting accounting practices of the Jaton Community in Gorontalo, especially in Reksonegoro village during the Eid Ketupat celebration. Ethnomethodology is used by researchers as a research method to explore and study how humans perceive and carry out daily activities in social reality. The results of the research concluded that the Jaton Family's budgeting accounting practices during Eid Ketupat celebrations were carried out in three ways: (1) estimating the budget based on previous year's expenditure, (2) estimating the budget based on the frequency of the number of guests, and (3) estimating the budget based on nominal savings. In optimizing the budget, it is revealed that there is a role for household accounting in it. Matombol-tombolan (mutual cooperation) household accounting practices are reflected in (a) the mutual cooperation attitude between husband and wife in combining income, (b) the mutual cooperation attitude between family members in preparing the ketupat tradition so that it can be carried out efficiently and effectively, and (c) the attitude of mutual cooperation between neighbors of the Jaton community to cover each other's shortcomings during the ketupat tradition. The values that underlie accounting practices carried out in the Ketupat celebration tradition are: Amanah (Trustworthy), Maslahah, Adil (Fair) and Loyal; which can be shortened into a word namely; AMAL (Charity).
Determinants of audit fees in the consumer goods industry listed on the Indonesia stock exchange
Authors: Rizal Rahmat Mulia , Sarundayang Jenneka Ika
Published: December 2023

This paper aims to demonstrate the effects of company size, public accounting firm size, independence of the board of commissioners, size of the board of commissioners, and company risk on audit fees. The population used in this study are companies in the consumer goods industry sub-sector listed on the IDX in 2019-2022. Sample withdrawal using a purposive sampling technique with certain criteria then the data was analyzed by multiple linear regression. It is clear from the result of the analysis that the independence of the board of commissioners and the size of the board of commissioners have a positive effect on audit fees. While other variables such as company size, public accounting firm size, and company risk do not affect audit fees.
Fuzzy logic based prediction of retaining wall stability
Authors: Çubukçu Esra Aslı , Uray Esra , Demir Vahdettin
Published: December 2023

In geotechnical engineering, retaining walls are widely employed to solve the problem of supporting horizontal loads occurring between two different soil levels. In the traditional retaining wall design, stability checks continue until a safe design is obtained according to selected wall dimensions and soil properties. This design method is a process that is time-consuming and based on trial and error. In this study, the stability control of the retaining wall, which is a complex engineering design, has been carried out with fuzzy logic methods. Adaptive network-based fuzzy inference systems (ANFISs) including Grid Partition (ANFIS-GP) and Substructive Clustering (ANFIS-SC) have been utilized as fuzzy logic methods. The sliding stability criterion of the cantilever retaining wall has been obtained by performing 1024 retaining wall designs which are created using different wall dimensions. Ninety percent and ten percent of the 1024 sliding safety factor values acquired through numerical analyses were respectively allocated to the training and testing phases. The prediction performances of the methods have been evaluated by considering the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Coefficient of Determination (R²) obtained for the sliding safety factors during the training and testing stages. Upon juxtaposing the actual and anticipated sliding safety factors for a dataset comprising 1024 observations, it has become evident that the ANFIS-SC methodology outperforms the ANFIS-GP approach in terms of predictive accuracy. Furthermore, this analysis culminated in the determination that the application of fuzzy logic methods stands as an efficacious and dependable means for checking the stability criteria of retaining walls.
The Population Structure of Endemic Halmahera Walking Shark (Hemiscyllium halmahera, Allen 2013) in Kao Bay Sea, North Maluku, Indonesia
Authors: Akbar Nebuchadnezzar , Bengen Dietriech Geoffrey , Nurjaya I Wayan , Natih Nyoman MN , Baksir Abdurrachman , Subhan Beginer , Arafat Dondy , Ismail Firdaut , Siolimbona Abdul Ajiz , Najamuddin Najamuddin , Wahab Iswandi
Published: December 2023

The Halmahera Walking Shark (Hemiscyllium halmahera) is an endemic fish in the Halmahera Sea. This species is distributed and found in the Kao Bay sea. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) data shows that the Halmahera Walking Shark is in the Near Threatened status. Protection is carried out to protect the population, therefore scientific data and information are needed. This study focuses on the biological structure of the Halmahera Walking Shark population in Kao Bay sea. Data collection was carried out exploratively in coral reef, seagrass, mangrove ecosystems and by-catch. Samples were taken for morphometric data, weight and sex. Morphometric data were analyzed to obtain cohorts, separation index, class intervals, length-weight relationships and condition factors of walking shark. The result were found to be 33 individuals (13 male and 20 female). Morphological characteristics based on morphometric variables found no significant differences. Analysis of the cohort of the Halmahera Walking Shark (H.halmahera) found 3 groups namely the juvenile, mature and old age phases. The separation index shows that individuals come from different populations based on length. Growth pattern of the Halmahera Walking Shark (H.halmahera) is negative allometric. The histogram of the frequency distribution between classes found small to large size structures with different relative frequency percentages. The condition factor found that the body proportions of the Halmahera Walking Shark (H.halmahera) were in the plump category. All of this information is important to provide scientific data specifications to population.Keywords : Endemism, Halmahera, Morphology, Island, Semi enclosed
Impact Of Oxygen Levels In Beverages On The Acceleration Of Pulse Rate Reduction After Physical Activity
Authors: Putri Wahyu Setia Kuscahyaning , Aliriad Hilmy
Published: December 2023

This study examines the effect of drinking water with oxygen levels to decrease the pulse rate after physical activity in students of Physical Education Health and Recreation. The research method used is experimental research with Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Two groups were formed: a control group and an experimental group of 20 UNUGIRI Health and Recreation Physical Education Study Program students. Sampling is done randomly (Random Sampling). The pulse rate is measured before and after running for 20 minutes. The results of the analysis showed a significant difference between the provision of oxygenated drinking water (experimental group) and ordinary drinking water (control group) on the acceleration of pulse rate reduction after running activities. The significance value obtained was 0.057, indicating a significant difference between the two groups. The average pulse of the experimental group was 89.44, while the average pulse of the control group was 98.33. The administration of drinking water with an oxygen content has a positive effect on the decrease in the pulse rate after physical exertion. Subjects who consumed oxygenated drinking water after a 20-minute run had a faster pulse rate decrease than those who consumed only plain water. The conclusion of this study shows that the provision of oxygenated drinking water positively affects the decrease in pulse rate after physical activity in health and Recreation physical education students. Oxygenated drinking water can be an effective alternative to accelerate pulse recovery after intense physical exertion. This research provides a better understanding of the benefits of oxygenated drinking water in maintaining health and accelerating physical recovery after sports activities
Overexpression of SETD7 is associated with progression of ovarian cancer
Authors: Zhang Ziwei , Hou Yanan , Huang Ting , Zhang Bowen , Li Mingyang , Lin Qiong , Shao Genbao
Published: December 2023

SETD7 is a member of the SET domain-containing lysine methyltransferase family and is a crucial component in the development and spread of a number of human cancers. However, the specific function of the SETD7 gene in ovarian cancer (OC) is still unclear. The purpose of this research was to elucidate the expression and role of SETD7 in OC. In comparison to normal controls, OC tissues (83%, 73/88) and cell lines exhibited higher protein levels of SETD7 (p < 0.001). High SETD7 protein levels were substantially correlated with M category (p = 0.019) and FIGO stage (p = 0.021). Furthermore, the high mRNA levels of SETD7 were correlated to poor progression-free survival (PFS) in all patients and serous patients with OC (p < 0.05). Importantly, the biological function experiments showed that SETD7 behaved as an oncogene in OC by dramatically facilitating the proliferation and migration of A2780 and SKOV3 cells. Additionally, SETD7 might promote cell migration via accelerating the EMT process in A2780 and SKOV3 cells. Our findings reveal that SETD7 may be a valuable molecular marker for identifying and anticipating the development of OC.
Long Range Effects in Topologically Defective Arm-Chair Graphene Nanoribbons
Authors: Louis Enrique , Chiappe Guillermo , Vergés José A. , San-Fabián Emilio
Published: December 2023

The electronic structure of 7/9-AGNR superlattices with up to eight unit cells has been studied by means of state of the art DFT and a model Hamiltonian that follows two different approaches: Hubbard type (Hu) and including long range Coulomb interaction (PPP), solved in the mean field approximation. We show that 7/9 interfaces stabilizes non polarized solutions at the mean field level. Considering non-polarized solutions, Hu and PPP Hamiltonians gives solutions with a gap that is closed as the size is increased. This is in line with DFT results. However the density of states around the Fermi level is not correctly described neither in Hu nor in the PPP model. We also interpret the DFT density of states in terms of bands of topological states: localized edge topological states and extended bulk topological states which interacts between them due to the long range Coulomb terms of Hamiltonian. In this line, we show that a screened long range interaction instead describe correctly DFT results and the interaction between topological states. Screening consists of introducing a parameter for an exponential decay in the long range potential of the model Hamiltonian, to vary its spatial range. Calculations on the superlattice just mentioned, illustrate the relevance of include appropriate long range interactions in determining the density of states around the Fermi level (Dirac point).
Toxicity Evaluation and Control Release of Curcumin-Loaded Amphiphilic Poly-n-vinylpyrrolidone Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Malignant Tumors: In Vitro and In Vivo Models
Authors: Luss Anna L. , Bagrov Dmitry V. , Yagolovich Anne V. , Kukovyakina Ekaterina V. , Khan Irina I. , Pokrovsky Vadim S. , Shestovskaya Maria V. , Gasparian Marine E. , Dolgikh Dmitry A. , Kuskov Andrey N.
Published: December 2023

Curcumin attracts a huge attention because of its biological properties: antiproliferative, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and so on. However, its usage has been limited by poor water solubility and low bioavailability. Herein, to solve these problems we developed curcumin-loaded nanoparticles based on end-capped amphiphilic poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone). Nanoparticles were obtained using the suspension method and were characterized by dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The average particle size was 200 nm, and ζ-potential was -4 mV. Curcumin release studies showed that nanoparticles are stable in water solution. In vitro release study showed prolonged action in gastric, intestinal and colonic fluids, consistently and in PBS. In vitro studies on epidermoid carcinoma and human embryonic kidney cells showed that the cells absorbed more curcumin in nanoparticles compared to pure curcumin. Nanoparticles are safe for healthy cells and show high cytotoxicity for glioblastoma cells in cytotoxicity studies in vitro. Median lethal dose was determined in acute toxicity assay on Zebrafish and was 23 μM. Overall, the curcumin-loaded nanoparticles seem promising for cancer treatment.
An Assessment of Urban Wind Potential and the Stakeholders Involved in Energy Decision-Making
Authors: Vallejo Díaz Alexander , Herrera Moya Idalberto , Garabitos Lara Edwin , Casilla Victorino Cándida K.
Published: December 2023

Urban wind energy has emerged as an attractive source of distributed generation in cities to achieve sustainable development goals. The advance in technologies for the use of urban wind energy has turned this source into an attractive alternative for the decarbonization of cities and the energy transition. The objectives of this work are (1) to identify the potential of wind energy through numerical weather prediction (NWP) data tools and (2) to identify the roles and responsibilities of the stakeholders involved in the decision-making process. A methodology was developed in two phases and applied to a case study in the Dominican Republic. The first phase consisted of estimating the wind energy potential for the 32 provinces at a height of 10 m using open-access geographic reference systems tools provided by NASA. In the second phase, 28 stakeholders were identified through snowball sampling. The Responsible, Accountable, Consult, and Informed (RACI) matrix tool was applied to identify the roles of the 28 institutions addressed at the country level as relevant in the decision-making process for the energy sector. The annual average wind speed and energy potential for each province were determined. It was found 24 provinces have poor potential, below <4.5 m/s. In the northwest and east is where there is the greatest potential, between 4.83 - 6.63 m/s. The population density was established and was observed that the provinces with greater potential are less densely populated. Through 59 interviews 28 institutions were identified and evaluated due to their relevance in decision-making for the implementation of energy projects. The MEM has strongly categorized as “A”, electricity distribution companies as “R”, energy associations and universities as “C”, and educational and justice institutions as “I”.
Impact of Statins on the Survival of Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Sorafenib or Lenvatinib
Authors: Cho Hyo Jung , Han Ji Eun , Kim Jisu , Cheong Jae Youn , Kim Soon Sun , Lim Sun Gyo , Yang Min Jae , Noh Choong-Kyun , Lee Gil Ho , Eun Jung Woo , Park Bumhee
Published: December 2023

We aimed to evaluate the survival benefits of coadministering statins and multityrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service in Korea (2010–2020) were utilized. Statin use (≥28 cumulative defined daily doses) was analyzed, with 1,534 statin users matched to 6,136 non-users (1:4 ratio) using propensity scores. Primary and secondary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Statin use significantly improved OS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.72–0.82, P<0.001) and PFS (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.74–0.84, P<0.001). Continuous or post-TKI statin users had better OS, while discontinuation after TKI use led to poorer OS. Both lipophilic and hydrophilic statins improved OS and PFS, particularly with ≥730 cumulative defined daily doses. In conclusion, combining statins and TKIs in patients with advanced HCC yielded significant survival benefits, influenced by statin dosage and duration. Continuous statin administration post-TKI treatment is crucial for improving outcomes in patients with HCC.
  Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Hypericin: Molecular Docking with ABAD and BACE1 targets in Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis
Authors: FERRARI IVAN VITO
Published: December 2023

This study employs molecular docking experiments to investigate the binding interactions of Hypericin with key proteins implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hypericin demonstrated a significant binding energy of -10.1 kcal/mol with ABAD (3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase type II). The analysis revealed multiple binding interactions, including hydrogen bonds with arginine 6, serine 7, and glutamic acid 140, as well as hydrophobic bonds involving leucine 11, aspartic acid 142, and aspartic acid 86. These findings illuminate the intricate molecular interactions between Hypericin and ABAD, suggesting its potential as a lead compound for further therapeutic development in the context of Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, a parallel docking investigation was conducted for Beta-secretase 1 (BACE1), a protein pivotal in the generation of beta-amyloid peptides—a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Inhibiting BACE1 activity is considered a promising therapeutic strategy for AD. Computational analyses suggest that Hypericin may serve as a potential inhibitor of BACE1. Molecular Docking results reveal a robust binding affinity between Hypericin and BACE1, supported by a significant binding energy score of -10.3 kcal/mol. Notably, both ABAD and BACE1 exhibit high binding affinity with Hypericin. This theoretical exploration provides an initial understanding of the intricate molecular pathways involved in Alzheimer's disease and proposes Hypericin as a potential therapeutic compound for mitigating its progression.
Sistem Pembuktian Terbalik Dalam Upaya Penanganan Tindak Pidana Korupsi
Authors: Ismawati Novita Tri
Published: December 2023

Dalam sebagian besar pengadilan pidana, beban pembuktian ada pada penuntutan. Berbeda dengan persidangan korupsi, terdakwa memiliki hak guna mengungkapkan bahwasanya dirinya tidak terlibat tindak pidana korupsi dalam perkara ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas dan penggunaanmetode pembuktian terbalik dalam tipikor. Kajian semacam ini menganalisis teks  memakai metodologi hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwasanya terdakwa memakai haknya guna memanfaatkan alat bukti terbalik dalam penerapan alat bukti terbalik. Namun, terdakwa tidak bisa mengungkapkan bahwasanya hartanya bukanlah merupakan hasil tindak pidana korupsi, padahal diharuskan. Akibatnya, terdakwa tidak sepenuhnya memakai hak yang dimilikinya guna mengajukan bukti terbalik, dan Jaksa Penuntut Umum mesti terus membuktikan adanya tipikor.
Pengembangan Umkm Kerajinan Bambu & Bank Sampah Desa Ganggangpanjang Menuju Desa Mandiri
Authors: Maryam Effy Wardati
Published: December 2023

Alhamdulillah, segala puji bagi Allah SWT atas Rahmat dan Hidayah-Nya sehingga penyusunan Buku Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat UMSIDA di Desa Ganggangpanjang Tahun 2019 dapat diselesaikan dengan baik. Buku ini merupakan rangkaian dari Kegiatan Mahasiswa KKN-T Kelompok 32 Tahun 2019 dan merupakan evaluasi dari Program Kerja yang didalamnya disajikan acuan untuk melihat sejauh mana keterlibatan mahasiswa dalam mengaplikasikan ilmu dan pengabdiannya kepada masyarakat. Demikian pula bagaimana sikap dan respon masyarakat terhadap peserta KKN-T selama menempati lokasi Kuliah Kerja Nyata Terpadu tesebut.
Instrumented manikin data experiments 1 & 2
Authors: Hoemann John , Fulk Jessica , Sherburn Jesse
Published: December 2023

In this report, pressure-time histories from a shock front propagating past an instrumented manikin head are presented for two separate experiments. Data represents physical measurements to support an ongoing collaboration between with the US Army Medical Research and Development Center (MRDC) and the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC).
Weakening Effect of Water on Mechanical Properties of Brittle Shale under Triaxial Compression
Authors: Yang F. W. , Li B. Y. , Du P. Z. , Liu Z. H.
Published: December 2023

The mechanical properties of rock materials are remarkably affected by water. To reveal the effect of water on the mechanical properties of shale, the conventional triaxial compression tests were implemented for shale with the five kinds of water saturation coefficient. According to the test results, the influence of the saturation coefficient on strength and deformation parameters was analyzed. Based on the fitting result of the Mohr-Coulomb criterion, the relationship between the strength parameters and the water saturation coefficient was analyzed. The softening effect of water on shale is mainly due to the decrease of cohesion and internal friction coefficient with increasing of water saturation coefficient. The strength criterion considering the influence of water weakening was established according to the function relationship between the fitting parameters and the water saturation coefficient. In addition, three kinds of brittleness indexes were selected to quantitatively analyze the influence of the saturation coefficient on shale brittleness. The results indicated that the brittleness indexes all decreased with the increase of the saturation coefficient, and the brittleness of shale is weakened after water absorption. The research results can provide a reference for the evaluation of saturated shale brittleness.
Inseguridad alimentaria y consumo de agua en migrantes en tránsito por México durante la pandemia por Covid-19
Authors: Montes-Micker Ana Patricia , Mundo-Rosas Verónica , Infante-Xibillé Cesar , Deschak Caroline , Aragón-Gama Alondra Coral , Dolores-Maldonado Gandy , Orjuela-Grimm Manuela
Published: December 2023

Objetivo. Examinar la magnitud de la inseguridad alimentaria (IA) de personas migrantes, tanto en su lugar de origen como en su tránsito por México, y estimar la proporción de personas que no pudieron consumir agua, en el contexto de la pandemia por Covid-19. Material y métodos. Se entrevistó a 166 migrantes, usuarios de un comedor humanitario ubicado en el norte de México. Para medir el estado de inseguridad alimentaria en el lugar de origen y en el tránsito por México, se aplicó la Escala Latinoamericana y Caribeña de Seguridad Alimentaria (ELCSA) y una versión adaptada. Se indagó sobre el consumo de agua durante el tránsito. Resultados. 60.8% de los migrantes se clasificaron en IA moderada y severa en su lugar de origen, en los tres meses previos al desplazamiento. Durante el tránsito por México, 91.6% se clasificó en IA moderada y severa, y 86.8% tuvo, en algún momento, sensación de sed, pero no ingirió agua porque no se encontraba disponible, no era segura o por falta de dinero para comprarla. Conclusiones. Es necesario trabajar en soluciones que mejoren el acceso al agua y laalimentación de la población en tránsito como parte de sus derechos universales.
Ultrahigh-Resolution Reconstruction of Shale Digital Rocks from FIB-SEM Images Using Deep Learning
Authors: Liang Yipu , Wang Sen , Feng Qihong , Zhang Mengqi , Cao Xiaopeng , Wang Xiukun
Published: December 2023

Accurate characterization of shale pore structures is of paramount importance in elucidating the distribution and migration mechanisms of fluids within shale rocks. However, the acquisition of high-resolution (HR) images of shale rocks is limited by the precision of the scanning equipment. Even with higher-precision devices, compromising the image field of view becomes inevitable, making it challenging to faithfully represent the actual conditions of shale. We propose a stepwise 3D super-resolution (SR) reconstruction method for shale digital rocks based on the widely used focused-ion-beam scanning electron microscope (FIB-SEM) technique. This method effectively addresses the issues of inconsistent horizontal and vertical resolutions as well as low 3D image resolution in FIB-SEM images. By adopting this approach, we significantly enhance image details and clarity, enabling successful observations of pores smaller than 10 nm within shale and laying a foundation for further pore-scale flow simulations. Furthermore, we extract the pore network model (PNM) from the SR reconstructed digital rock to analyze the pore size distribution, coordination number, and pore-throat ratio of shale samples from the Jiyang Depression. The results demonstrate a pore radius distribution in the range of 0 nm to 40 nm, which aligns with the results from nitrogen adsorption experiments. Notably, pores with radii smaller than 10 nm account for 50% of the total connected pores. The proportion of isolated pores in the SR reconstructed shale PNM is significantly reduced, with the coordination number mainly distributed between 1 and 4. The pore-throat ratio of shale ranges from 1 to 3, indicating a relatively uniform development of pores and throats. This study introduces a novel method for accurately characterizing the shale pore structure, which aids researchers in evaluating the pore size distribution and connectivity of shales.
Multi-output prediction of dose-response curves enable drug repositioning and biomarker discovery
Authors: Wang Dennis , Gutierrez Juan-José Giraldo , Lau Evelyn , Dharmapalan Subhashini , Parker Melody , Chen Yurui , Alvarez Mauricio
Published: December 2023

Drug screening plays a crucial role in the development of innovative therapeutics for various diseases. In this study, we propose a novel approach using probabilistic multi-output models to predict drug response at all doses and uncover their biomarkers. By leveraging genomic features and chemical properties of drugs, our multi-output Gaussian Process (MOGP) models provide a comprehensive understanding of drug efficacy across different dose metrics. This approach was tested across two drug screening studies and five cancer types. It captured underlying response trends and enabled the identification of the EZH2 gene as a novel biomarker of BRAF inhibitor response. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our MOGP models in accurately predicting dose-responses in different cancer types and when there is limited number of drug screening experiments for training. Our findings highlight the potential of MOGP models in enhancing drug development pipelines by reducing data requirements and improving precision in dose-response predictions.
Potential Adoption and Benefits of Co-optimized Multimode Engines and Fuels for U.S. Light-duty Vehicles
Authors: Hawkins Troy , Oke Doris , Sittler Lauren , Zaimes George , Cai Hao , Brooker Aaron , Longman Doug , Vijayagopal Ram , Gohlke David , Newes Emily , Singh Avantika , Dunn Jennifer , Gaspar Daniel
Published: December 2023

The multimode engine research focuses on the benefits of light-duty vehicle engines which can operate in multiple modes depending on the vehicles’ load. Low temperature combustion can improve efficiency and reduce emissions during low-load operation, while spark ignition performance is maintained in high-load operation. These advanced engines can be optimized to run on blends of biobased fuels. This analysis models scenarios for potential market adoption of co-optimized multimode vehicles fueled by three different bioblendstocks: Ethanol, Isopropanol, and Isobutanol. We combine vehicle sales modeling, systems dynamics modeling of the biorefining industry, and life cycle assessment to estimate environmental impacts across a wide parameter space for incremental vehicle cost and engine efficiency improvement. Analysis reveals that co-optimized multimode fuels and vehicles can reduce light-duty greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 5% in 2050, relative to a business-as-usual scenario. Results indicate that co-optimized multimode vehicles can be cost competitive with conventional gasoline and can be strategically leveraged in tandem with electrification. Co-optimized vehicles could play a role in the early years, while electric vehicles could become more competitive in the later years, highlighting their complementary roles for GHG reductions.
Unagi: Deep Generative Model for Deciphering Cellular Dynamics and In-Silico Drug Discovery in Complex Diseases
Authors: Zheng Yumin , Schupp Jonas , Adams Taylor , Clair Geremy , Justet Aurelien , Ahangari Farida , Yan Xiting , Hansen Paul , Carlon Marianne , Cortesi Emanuela , Vermant Marie , Vos Robin , De Sadeleer Laurens , Rosas Ivan , Pineda Ricardo , Sembrat John , Königshoff Melanie , Mcdonough John , Vanaudenaerde Bart , Wuyts Wim , Kaminski Naftali , Ding Jun
Published: December 2023

Human diseases are characterized by intricate cellular dynamics. Single-cell sequencing provides critical insights, yet a persistent gap remains in computational tools for detailed disease progression analysis and targeted in-silico drug interventions. We introduce UNAGI, a deep generative neural network tailored to analyze time-series single-cell transcriptomic data. This innovative tool captures the complex cellular dynamics underlying disease progression, enhancing drug perturbation modeling and discovery. When applied to a dataset from patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), UNAGI adeptly learns disease-informed cell embeddings that sharpen our understanding of disease progression, leading to the identification of potential therapeutic drug candidates. Validation via proteomics reveals the accuracy of UNAGI’s cellular dynamics analyses, and the use of the Fibrotic Cocktail treated human Precision-cut Lung Slices confirms UNAGI’s predictions that Nifedipine, an antihypertensive drug, may have antifibrotic effects on human tissues. UNAGI's versatility extends to other diseases, including a COVID dataset, demonstrating adaptability and confirming its broader applicability in decoding complex cellular dynamics beyond IPF, amplifying its utility in the quest for therapeutic solutions across diverse pathological landscapes.
The HOXC10/NOD1/ERK axis is sufficient to induce osteolytic bone metastasis of pan-KRAS-mutant lung cancer
Authors: li lei , li kun , Ding Yi , Shen Shihui , Sun Zhengwang , Zheng Wei , Yan Wangjun
Published: December 2023

While KRAS mutation is the leading cause of low survival rates in lung cancer bone metastasis patients, effective treatments are still lacking. Here, we identified homeobox C10 (HOXC10) as a lynchpin in pan-KRAS-mutant lung cancer bone metastasis. Through RNA-seq approach and patient tissue studies, we demonstrated that HOXC10 expression was dramatically increased. Genetic depletion of HOXC10 preferentially impeded cell proliferation and migration in vitro. The bioluminescence imaging and micro-CT results demonstrated that inhibition of HOXC10 significantly reduced bone metastasis of KRAS-mutant lung cancer in vivo. Mechanistically, the transcription factor HOXC10 activated NOD1/ERK signaling pathway to reprogram epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT）and bone microenvironment by directly activating the NOD1 promoter. Strikingly, inhibition of HOXC10 in combination with STAT3 inhibitor was effective against KRAS-mutant lung cancer bone metastasis by triggering ferroptosis. Taken together, these findings reveal that HOXC10 effectively alleviates pan-KRAS-mutant lung cancer with bone metastasis in the NOD1/ERK axis-dependent manner, and support further development of an effective combinatorial strategy for this kind of disease.
Study of ionospheric scintillation according to the satellite elevation angle
Authors: Mene N. M. , Yao J. N. , Kamenan Koffi A. , Gnombléi J. L.
Published: December 2023

Today, by providing the possibility of mixing signals from different satellite constellations, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) provide users with better availability of precise positioning. However, GNSS often undergo a rapid variation in amplitude and phase as they pass through the ionosphere, a region of the Earth's atmosphere where plasma “bubbles” are formed. This fluctuation of the signal, called ionospheric scintillation, sometimes severely limits the performance of GNSS. At GNSS station at Korhogo ( 9° 27′ 41″ North, 5° 38′ 19″ West), located in the equatorial region of west Africa, the dependence of the ionospheric scintillation on the elevation angle of the satellite was demonstrated for the magnetically calm days of 2017. As result, there is a decreasing of the occurrence and the intensity of the ionospheric scintillation when the elevation angle of satellite increases. Signals from satellites with elevation angles of 30° to 45°are impacted by medium level ionospheric scintillation effects (0.2 < S4 < 0.5). The signals of elevation angles between 45° and 90° are almost unaffected by the scintillation (S4 < 0.2).
Sparse autoencoder-based ensemble model for particulate matter estimation using outdoor images
Authors: Mohan Anju S , Abraham Lizy
Published: December 2023

Air pollution is a significant environmental threat faced by the world today. With each passing day, the air we breathe becomes increasingly contaminated, leading to severe health issues for individuals. Unfortunately, the existing air pollution monitoring stations are both expensive and insufficiently distributed. Consequently, the effectiveness of air pollution mitigation measures is hindered by inadequate data, underscoring the necessity for cost-effective alternatives. This paper introduces a sparse autoencoder-based ensemble model for estimating particulate matter concentrations using outdoor images. First, an L1 regularized sparse convolutional autoencoder compresses and extracts the pertinent features from images. Subsequently, these extracted image features are combined with weather and traffic data, followed by dimensionality reduction through principal component analysis. The final step involves a stacked ensemble of regression models to estimate PM2.5 concentrations. The ensemble incorporates support vector regression, k-nearest neighbor, and random forest regressor as base learners, with the light gradient boost machine acting as the meta-learner. An extensive dataset of 8488 single-scene outdoor images, named 'AirSetTvm,' has been meticulously collected and labeled with corresponding ground truth values derived from the continuous monitoring station. Encouraging results from this model, in comparison with other deep learning models in the existing literature, suggest that the proposed approach is a viable, cost-effective alternative for estimating PM2.5 concentrations.
Double-averaged velocity profile and its representative profile for turbulent flows over two-dimensional fixed dunes
Authors: Xu Puer , Cheng Nian-Sheng , Guo Dongxin
Published: December 2023

A laboratory study was conducted using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) to measure flow velocity distributions over two-dimensional smooth and rough fixed dunes. It comprised 28 tests, each yielding 146 velocity profiles over one complete dune length. Two kinds of double-averaged velocity profiles were computed, one based on all the 146 lines of data (called global average), and the others from only some of them (called partial average). The results show that the global average velocity distribution is generally close to the partial average profile derived from evenly-distributed three or five lines along one dune length. Furthermore, the global average velocity profile can also be reasonably approximated using a single profile, referred to as the representative velocity profile in this paper, thereby eliminating the need for double averaging. The representative velocity profile is found to locate near the reattachment point. This result would be helpful to simplify measurements of general velocity distribution for a flow over dunes. The paper also discusses the extension of representative profile to turbulence characteristics.
Quantifying the chemical activity of acoustic cavitation bubbles in a cluster
Authors: Fattahi Kobra , Boffito Daria C. , Robert Etienne
Published: December 2023

Acoustic cavitation bubbles drive chemical processes through their dynamic lifecycle in liquids. These bubbles are abundant within sonoreactors, where their behavior becomes complex within clusters. This study quantifies their chemical effects within well-defined clusters using a new laser-based method.
We focus a laser beam into water, inducing a breakdown that generates a single cavitation bubble. This bubble undergoes multiple collapses, releasing several shockwaves. These shockwaves propagate into the surrounding medium, leading to the formation of secondary bubbles near a reflector, separated from the input laser beam. We evaluate the chemical activity of these bubble clusters of various sizes by KI dosimetry, and to gain insights into their dynamics, we employ high-speed imaging.
Hydrophone measurements show that conversion from focused shockwave energy to chemical reactions increases to a maximum of 16.55 %. Additional increases in shockwave energy result in denser bubble clusters and a slightly decreased conversion rate, falling to 14.94 %, highlighting the key role of bubble dynamics in the transformation of mechanical to chemical energy and as a result in the efficiency of the sonoreactors.
The size and frequency of bubble collapses influence the cluster’s chemical reactivity. We introduce a correlation for predicting the conversion rate of cluster energy to chemical energy, based on the cluster's energy density. The maximum conversion rate occurs at a cluster energy density of 2500 J/L, linked to a cluster with an average bubble diameter of 91.42 μm, a bubble density of 3422 bubbles/ml, and a bubble-to-bubble distance ratio of 8.
Unexpected results for the non-trivial fusion of Majorana zero modes
in interacting quantum-dot arrays
Authors: pandey Bradraj , Okamoto Satoshi , Dagotto Elbio
Published: December 2023

Motivated by recent experimental reports of Majorana zero modes (MZMs) in quantum-dot systems at the “sweet spot,” where the electronic hopping th is equal to the superconducting coupling ∆, we study the time-dependent spectroscopy corresponding to the non-trivial fusion of MZMs. For the first time, we employ an experimentally accessible time-dependent real-space local density-of-states (LDOS) method to investigate the non-trivial MZMs fusion outcomes in canonical chains and in a Y-shape array of interacting electrons. In the case of quantum-dot chains where two pairs of MZMs are initially disconnected, after fusion we find equal-height peaks in the electron and hole components of the LDOS, signaling non-trivial fusion into both the vacuum I and fermion Ψ channels with equal weight. For π-junction quantum-dot chains, after the non-trivial fusion, surprisingly we observed the formation of an exotic two-site MZM near the center of the chain, coexisting with another single-site MZM. Furthermore, we also studied the fusion of three MZMs in the Y-shape geometry. In this case, after the fusion we observed the novel formation of another exotic multi-site MZM, with properties depending on the connection and geometry of the central region of the Y-shape quantum-dot array.
Improving the Communicative Competence Through the Tutorial Learning Model for Bipa Learners
Authors: Martutik Martutik , Suyitno Imam , Fawzi Ary , Arista Heni Dwi
Published: December 2023

BIPA learning is one of the Indonesian language learning programs whose students are foreign speakers. In BIPA learning, teachers apply the tutorial learning model by involving the learners directly in the context of natural communication. This learning model was widely used to improve student's communication skills in foreign language learning. The study used a qualitative approach to describe the implementation of the tutorial model in BIPA learning and its impact on students' language skills. The study involved three instructors, seven tutors, and fourteen BIPA learners. Collecting data using interviews, questionnaires, and document studies. Data analysis followed a qualitative procedure with the following steps: data reduction, presentation, interpretation, and conclusion. The study found that the BIPA learning tutorial used simple designs, flexible to change, and was oriented to learners' characteristics and learning needs. In the implementation of learning, tutors must be creative in developing various techniques to optimize learners’ opportunities to use the target language. Optimizing the opportunity to use the target language and practicing communication in the natural context improves learners’ language skills and adds value to learners' good perceptual, impacting their success in learning the language. These findings suggested that the diversity of student characteristics needs to be early because it can become an obstacle in developing the design and implementation of tutorial learning. These findings contributed to the development of second language learning and as a reference for further research.
Is a definite genetic diagnosis all we need to manage patients with Inborn Error of Immunity prenatally and during childbearing? Running title: Prenatal and Childbearing Considerations
Authors: Salemi Negin , Bakhshesh Shima , Zamanifar Aryana , Bahreini Amir , Salehi Rasoul , Sherkat Roya
Published: December 2023

Background: Patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) who want to have children face concerns about the impact of their condition on fertility, pregnancy, and disease inheritance. In tribal cultures with consanguineous marriages, prenatal genetic counseling is critical. Case presentation: 10 families with genetically confirmed IEI were reported: An architect with an autosomal dominant STAT-1 gain of function who had planned preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) to prevent disease transmission. However, she unexpectedly became pregnant and underwent prenatal diagnosis (PND) at 12 weeks. Despite the diagnosis, her husband refused to allow her to abort the affected child.
Another case involved a consanguineous family who lost their first child to leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 (LAD1). The second child was also affected. Despite the availability of PND during the second pregnancy, the father refused the procedure.
In another instance, a first cousin couple had two children with Bruton disease. Despite being informed about the disease, the mother refused to abort her second child. Likewise, a consanguineous couple with two children affected by Ataxia Telangiectasia opted for a donated oocyte for their third child, resulting in a healthy child.
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) was observed in a mother who was later diagnosed with ZAP70 deficiency. In another case, a mother with a child affected by Wiskott Aldrich Syndrome (WAS) underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) without sex selection, resulting in a healthy boy after PND was performed during pregnancy.
In a family with multiple cases of WAS, another child was mistakenly diagnosed with anaplastic anemia. A case of LAD1 resulted in the parents' divorce, with the father denying the child's condition and impeding necessary bone marrow transplantation. In a non-consanguineous couple, the father was diagnosed with TACHI deficiency and Hypogammaglobulinemia. PND revealed that the mother and child had the same heterozygote gene, leading the mother to decide against continuing the pregnancy.
Conclusion: Genetic diagnosis alone is not enough for optimal prenatal care in immune dysregulation disorders. Factors like patient awareness, social beliefs, ethics, and economic considerations impact pregnancy decisions. Clinical immunologists must consider these factors and provide guidance for better outcomes.
Simulation study of magnetic microcalorimeters for rare event search experiments
Authors: Lee D.Y. , Chung J.S. , Jeon J.A. , Kim H.B. , Kim H.J. , Kim Y.H. , Kim Y.M. , Kwon D.H. , Lee Y.C. , Lim H.S. , Park H.K. , Woo K.R.
Published: December 2023

We present advancements in a finite element method for computing the physical properties of magnetic microcalorimeters (MMCs). Utilizing the COMSOL package, we conducted 3D simulations of a meander-shaped Nb coil with a realistic geometry. The resulting magnetic field distribution showed good agreement with a previous 2D simulation and revealed non-negligible differences at the side edge of the sensor material. Employing the simulation results, we calculated the MMC properties and compared them with previous measurements. Our calculated values closely align with the measured values for the sensor magnetization, the pulse heights from alpha detection, and the coil inductance.
Robots, Exports and Top Income Inequality: Evidence for the U.S.
Authors: César Andres Manuel , Falcone Guillermo , Garriga Pablo
Published: December 2023

The last decades have witnessed a revolution in manufacturing production characterized by increasing technology adoption and a strong expansion of international trade. Simultaneously, the income distribution has exhibited both polarization and concentration among the richest. Combining datasets from the U.S. Census Bureau, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service, the International Federation of Robotics, EU KLEMS, and COMTRADE, we study the causal effect of industrial automation on income inequality in the U.S. during 2010--2015. We exploit spatial and time variations in exposure to robots arising from past differences in industry specialization across U.S. metropolitan areas and the evolution of robot adoption across industries. We document a robust positive impact of robotics on income for only the top 1 percent of taxpayers, which is largest for top income fractiles. Therefore, industrial automation fuels income inequality and, particularly, top income inequality. According to our estimates, one more robot per thousand workers results in relative increments of the total taxable income accruing to fractiles P99 to P99.9, P99.9 to P99.99 and P99.99 to P100, of 2.1 percent, 3.5 percent and 5.9 percent, respectively. We also find that robotization leads to increased exports to high-income and upper-middle-income economies, and that this is one of the key mechanisms behind the surge in top income inequality.
JEL Classification: J23, J24, J31, O14, O33.
CMA-YOLO: A Wine Grape Detection Model Based on YOLOv5x Combining Mixed Attention Mechanism
Authors: Lu Hu , Zhang Xiao , Sun Jun , Wan Shaohua
Published: December 2023

The progress of object detection technology can promote the automation and modernization of agricultural production. In order to improve the feasibility and efficiency of automated fruit harvesting, this study proposes an improved object detection model based on YOLOv5x. Firstly, considering the lack of training samples, we improved the data loading method by adding an input branch for grayscale processing. Combined with the mosaic data augmentation method, the diversity of training samples has been dramatically improved, enriching the training set and significantly improving training effectiveness. Secondly, we add a global self-attention mechanism to the middle layer of the backbone network to highlight essential features and suppress irrelevant features, making the distinction between targets and the background more obvious. Finally, we recombined channel and spatial attention in serial and parallel methods. We integrated them into the C3 module of the neck section of the model to obtain a new CMA-C3 module, effectively improving the model's attention to features. Compared with the baseline network, our model only adds minimal complexity, but the detection precision, F1-score, mAP@0.5, and mAP@[0.5:0.95] have improved by 1.7%, 3.2%, 8.7%, and 10.2% respectively. In addition, we have verified the effectiveness and generalization of the improved modules and schemes through multiple ablation experiments and confirmed that the proposed improved model could achieve accurate object detection of wine grapes, providing fast and accurate guidance for the automatic harvesting of grapefruits and promoting the automation and intelligence of orchard agricultural production.