bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Memory distrust and suggestibility: A registered report
Authors: Dudek Iwona , Polczyk Romuald
Published: September 2023

Purpose

The study aimed to explore how memory distrust impacts two kinds of suggestibility: misinformation effect (Experiment 1) and interrogative suggestibility (Experiment 2). We verified whether recognizing discrepancies between personal memories and externally suggested information, along with certain individual differences, moderates the memory distrust‐suggestibility link.

Methods

Experiment 1 (N = 306) followed a classic three‐step procedure with a discrepancy awareness test. In Experiment 2 (N = 316) a computerized version of the Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale with a discrepancy awareness test was utilized. Both experiments manipulated the state of memory distrust and assessed participants' trait memory distrust, compliance, anxiety and self‐esteem.

Results

While the effect of memory deterioration due to misinformation and suggestions was replicated, the hypotheses regarding the relationship between memory distrust and suggestibility were not confirmed. However, for interrogative suggestibility, individuals induced to doubt their own memory were more susceptible to suggestions when recognizing inconsistencies between the story and suggestive questions.

Conclusions

From the theoretical side, the concept of memory distrust appears to be useful to explain the reasons for succumbing to suggestions. However, our findings indicate that memory distrust toward committing omission errors and the experimentally induced state appear unrelated (misinformation effect paradigm) or marginally related (memory distrust state and interrogative suggestibility) to the tendency to yield to suggestions. This prompts further research using a different operationalisation of this construct.
Uncovering the genetic architecture of parallel evolution
Authors: James Maddie E. , Allsopp Robin N. , Groh Jeffrey S. , Kaur Avneet , Wilkinson Melanie J. , Ortiz‐Barrientos Daniel
Published: September 2023

Identifying the genetic architecture underlying adaptive traits is exceptionally challenging in natural populations. This is because associations between traits not only mask the targets of selection but also create correlated patterns of genomic divergence that hinder our ability to isolate causal genetic effects. Here, we examine the repeated evolution of components of the auxin pathway that have contributed to the replicated loss of gravitropism (i.e. the ability of a plant to bend in response to gravity) in multiple populations of the Senecio lautus species complex in Australia. We use a powerful approach which combines parallel population genomics with association mapping in a Multiparent Advanced Generation Inter‐Cross (MAGIC) population to break down genetic and trait correlations to reveal how adaptive traits evolve during replicated evolution. We sequenced auxin and shoot gravitropism‐related gene regions in 80 individuals from six natural populations (three parallel divergence events) and 133 individuals from a MAGIC population derived from two of the recently diverged natural populations. We show that artificial tail selection on gravitropism in the MAGIC population recreates patterns of parallel divergence in the auxin pathway in the natural populations. We reveal a set of 55 auxin gene regions that have evolved repeatedly during the evolution of the species, of which 50 are directly associated with gravitropism divergence in the MAGIC population. Our work creates a strong link between patterns of genomic divergence and trait variation contributing to replicated evolution by natural selection, paving the way to understand the origin and maintenance of adaptations in natural populations.
Differences in the suitability of published honey bee (Apis mellifera) reference genes between the African subspecies Apis mellifera scutellata and European derived Apis mellifera
Authors: Buttstedt Anja , Pirk Christian W. W. , Yusuf Abdullahi A.
Published: September 2023

Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is a method widely used to determine changes and differences in gene expression. As target gene expression is most often quantified relative to the expression of reference genes, the validation of suitable reference genes is of critical importance. In practice, however, such validation might not be thoroughly conducted if the same species and the same tissue or body parts are used for qPCR experiments. Here we show, that qPCR reference genes published for workers of European honey bee (Apis mellifera) subspecies fail to be stably expressed in workers of the African subspecies Apis mellifera scutellata. This is the case even when the sampled workers are in the same life stage, the same organ was dissected and the same reagents were used. Thus, reference genes need to be thoroughly re‐tested before they can be used as suitable references even when the only thing that changes is the subspecies used.
Hippocampal and neocortical BRAF mutant non‐expansive lesions in focal epilepsies
Authors: Lerond Julie , Mathon Bertrand , Scopin Mélina , Nichelli Lucia , Guégan Justine , Bertholle Céline , Izac Brigitte , Andrieu Muriel , Gareau Thomas , Donneger Florian , Mohand Oumoussa Badreddine , Letourneur Franck , Tran Suzanne , Bertrand Mathilde , Le Roux Isabelle , Touat Mehdi , Dupont Sophie , Poncer Jean Christophe , Navarro Vincent , Bielle Franck
Published: September 2023

Objective

Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy‐associated Hippocampal Sclerosis (MTLE‐HS) is a syndrome associated with various aetiologies. We previously identified CD34‐positive extravascular stellate cells (CD34+ cells) possibly related to BRAFV600E oncogenic variant in a subset of MTLE‐HS. We aimed to identify the BRAFV600E oncogenic variants and characterise the CD34+ cells.

Methods

We analysed BRAFV600E oncogenic variant by digital droplet Polymerase Chain Reaction in 53 MTLE‐HS samples (25 with CD34+ cells) and nine non‐expansive neocortical lesions resected during epilepsy surgery (five with CD34+ cells). Ex vivo multi‐electrode array recording, immunolabelling, methylation microarray and single nuclei RNAseq were performed on BRAFwildtype MTLE‐HS and BRAFV600E mutant non‐expansive lesion of hippocampus and/or neocortex.

Results

We identified a BRAFV600E oncogenic variant in five MTLE‐HS samples with CD34+ cells (19%) and in five neocortical samples with CD34+ cells (100%). Single nuclei RNAseq of resected samples revealed two unique clusters of abnormal cells (including CD34+ cells) associated with senescence and oligodendrocyte development in both hippocampal and neocortical BRAFV600E mutant samples. The co‐expression of the oncogene‐induced senescence marker p16INK4A and the outer subventricular zone radial glia progenitor marker HOPX in CD34+ cells was confirmed by multiplex immunostaining. Pseudotime analysis showed that abnormal cells share a common lineage from progenitors to myelinating oligodendrocytes. Epilepsy surgery led to seizure freedom in eight of the 10 patients with BRAF mutant lesions.

Interpretation

BRAFV600E underlies a subset of MTLE‐HS and epileptogenic non‐expansive neocortical focal lesions. Detection of the oncogenic variant may help diagnosis and open perspectives for targeted therapies.
Black and male children have an increased risk of palmoplantar psoriasis compared to White children
Authors: Roman Brittany , Collette Sydney , Smith Abigail M. , Theos Amy
Published: September 2023

A retrospective chart review of 332 pediatric psoriasis patients seen at a single academic institution from 2012 to 2022 was conducted to examine the risk factors associated with palmoplantar psoriasis (PP), a painful and treatment‐resistant subtype of plaque psoriasis affecting hands and feet. Black patients have a 6.386‐fold increase in the odds of having PP compared to White patients and males have a 2.241‐fold increase in the odds of having PP. Black and Hispanic/Latino patients displayed a higher prevalence of nail and palm/sole involvement (p < .0001), whereas White patients exhibited more scalp involvement (p = .04). This study reveals the importance of considering the diagnosis of PP in Black male patients based on its demographic prevalence, which may in turn impact clinical care for these patients.
Narrative premiums in policy persuasion
Authors: Kawata Keisuke , McElwain Kenneth Mori , Nakabayashi Masaki
Published: September 2023

Survey experiments have shown mixed results about the effect of information provision on attitudes toward controversial policies. We argue that one reason is varied receptiveness to different modes of information. Prior research suggests that people selectively ignore factual, statistical information that contradicts prior beliefs but are more attentive to narrative information that describes individual experiences. We test this in the context of Japanese attitudes toward poverty relief programs, which are less popular than other welfare expenditures. Using a conjoint survey, we show that there is a “narrative premium”: Respondents who are shown a narrative story about the plight of a single mother are more likely to support higher expenditures on poverty relief than those who are shown statistical information about the share of single parents living in poverty. This premium is particularly effective in strengthening the convictions of those who are already aware of levels of societal poverty.
Jumping demands during classical ballet class
Authors: Maloney Brian M. , Mattiussi Adam M. , Cleather Daniel J. , Price Phil , Shaw Joseph W.
Published: September 2023

Ballet class represents a considerable portion of professional ballet training, yet the external training load demands associated with class—and particularly the jumping demands—have not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to measure the jumping demands of ballet class by sex and rank. Eleven female and eight male elite professional ballet dancers participated in 109 ballet classes taught by 12 different teachers. Jump counts and jump heights were measured during each class. A Poisson generalized linear mixed effects model was used to examine the differences in jump counts between sexes and ranks. Greater jump counts were observed during class in men than in women (153, 95% confidence intervals [CI] [137, 170] vs. 119, 95% CI [109, 131], p = 0.004) and in junior ranking dancers compared with senior ranking dancers (151, 95% CI [138, 165] vs. 121, 95% CI [108, 135], p = 0.006). Female junior and senior ranking dancers jumped at rates of 9.2 ± 2.6 and 8.6 ± 4.7 jumps·min−1, respectively, while male junior and senior ranking dancers jumped at rates of 9.1 ± 2.6 and 8.7 ± 2.6 jumps·min−1, respectively. Across all classes, 73% of jumps observed were below 50% of maximum double‐legged countermovement jump height. Unlike rehearsals and performances, class offers dancers an opportunity to self‐regulate load, and as such, are a useful session to manage jump load, and facilitate gradual return‐to‐dance pathways. Communication between health care and artistic staff is essential to facilitate load management during class.
Design and Fabrication of a Lightweight and Wearable Semirigid Robotic Knee Chain Exoskeleton
Authors: Rivera Diego Martin , Sharifi Mojtaba
Published: September 2023

With the population of people affected by lower limb disability and physical impairments continuing to grow, engineers in response have begun to develop exoskeletons designed to assist and rehabilitate those in need. While there have been great strides and advancements in the development of exoskeletons, many of them are still too cumbersome, heavy, and expensive for most people. The project described in this paper aims to design and manufacture a wearable robotic knee exoskeleton that helps solve some of the drawbacks that exoskeletons have today. The exoskeleton is designed with lightweight and durable three-dimensional (3D)-printed PETG, TPU, and PLA components combined with soft, flexible, and wearable materials to achieve improved human–robot interaction while providing support when bending and extending the knee joint. The three main assemblies designed in this project were a 3D-printed semirigid knee chain, a 3D-printed flexible shin brace, and a motor actuator assembly mounted on a carbon fiber back plate. The semirigid knee chain is actuated using a Bowden cable which allows the heavy motor to be relocated onto the user's back. solidworks topology optimization and finite element analysis (FEA) were used to reduce weight while keeping the overall strength of the chain and ensuring the safety factor of 2. The exoskeleton was observed to be able to withstand applied torques of up to 29 N·m during the walking functionality test. This exoskeleton is also designed to be integrated into a larger hip exoskeleton system.
Toward Development of Novel Remote Ultrasound Robotic System Using Soft Robotics Technology
Authors: Papendorp Sky , Ovando Ammy , Gharaie Saleh , Mosadegh Bobak , Guerra-Zubiaga David , Alaie Seyedhamidreza , Ashuri Turaj , Amiri Moghadam Amir Ali
Published: September 2023

This paper reports on the development of a novel soft robotic system for remote ultrasound applications. Direct contact of the ultrasound probe with the patient's body represents a safety risk and therefore control of the probe's positioning and applied force is a crucial task. The proposed robot uses a passive control system that provides safe interaction between the robot and the patient by leveraging soft robotics technology. The soft robot's structure can be considered as a nonlinear spring which can be designed to exert a safe force within the robot's workspace to guarantee the safety of human–robot interaction. The literature suggests that effective ultrasound imaging of both the heart and abdomen requires six degrees-of-freedom. These degrees-of-freedom consist of three translational motions, which are achieved using a novel hybrid soft cable-driven parallel robot, and three wrist motions, which is based on a universal joint design. The experimental results show that the robot can achieve all these six degrees-of-freedom, and its blocking force can be engineered to generate a uniform force within the workspace.
Development and Validation of Nonhuman Primate Head-Neck Computational Model for Frontal Impact Injury Analysis
Authors: Gerringer Jesse W. , Somasundaram Karthik , Pintar Frank A.
Published: September 2023

Severe cervical spine injuries are rare in an automobile crash, however, the recovery for an individual is difficult. With no suitable surrogate in the laboratory setting, the exact head-neck (HN) response to severe impact accelerations is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a nonhuman primate (NHP) HN model and validate it using a historic NHP kinematic dataset that tested noninjury, as well as injury-inducing impact accelerations. The geometry of the NHP HN model was constructed from a previously CT-scanned skeleton and idealized as a two-dimensional quadrilateral shell mesh. Inertial properties of the vertebra and skull were defined, as well as 1D beam elements representing the spinal ligaments and discs. The model was then driven at the T1 vertebra using a literature-derived 10G acceleration curve to simulate frontal impact. Output peak Head X-acceleration was measured at 19.8G, which fell within the average peak response of 18.8 ± 4.6 G. Capsular ligament and interspinous ligament strains were measured along the cervical spine and the relative magnitudes were consistent with areas of likely injury at more severe impact accelerations. Once tested at more severe impact accelerations, this NHP HN model will provide a suitable way to study potential human cervical spine dynamics during frontal impact.
Machine Learning Analysis of Autonomous Vehicle Sensors Under Extreme Conditions in Alaska
Authors: Park Jewoo , Quach Nhi V. , Kim Yonghwi , Cheng Ruey-Hwa , Jenco Michal , Yin Chenxi , Lee Alex K. , Won Yoonjin
Published: September 2023

Autonomous vehicles are part of an expanding industry that encompasses various interdisciplinary fields such as dynamic controls, thermal engineering, sensors, data processing, and artificial intelligence. Exposure to extreme environmental conditions, such as changes to temperature and humidity, affects sensor performance. To address potential safety concerns related to sensor perception used in autonomous vehicles in extremely cold real-world situations, specifically Alaska, examination of frosts and water droplets impact on vehicle optical sensors is conducted in both real-world and laboratory-controlled settings. Machine learning models are utilized to determine the vision impediment levels. Potential hardware and software tools are then introduced as solutions for the environmental impacts. Through this research, a better understanding of the potential caveats and algorithm solutions can be suggested to improve autonomous driving, even under challenging weather conditions.
The Relationship Between Isometric and Dynamic Strength Following Resistance Training: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Level of Agreement
Authors: James Lachlan P. , Weakley Jonathon , Comfort Paul , Huynh Minh
Published: September 2023

Background: Maximal lower-body strength can be assessed both dynamically and isometrically; however, the relationship between the changes in these 2 forms of strength following resistance training is not well understood. Purpose: To systematically review and analyze the effects of resistance training on changes in maximal dynamic (1-repetition-maximum back squat, deadlift, and power clean) and position-matched isometric strength (isometric midthigh pull and the isometric squat). In addition, individual-level data were used to quantify the agreement and relationship between changes in dynamic and isometric strength. Methods: Databases were systematically searched to identify eligible articles, and meta-analysis procedures were performed on the extracted data. The raw results from 4 studies were acquired, enabling bias and absolute reliability measures to be calculated using Bland–Altman test of agreement. Results: Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria, which resulted in 29 isometric–dynamic change comparisons. The overall pooled effect was 0.13 in favor of dynamic testing; however, the prediction interval ranged from g = −0.49 to 0.75. There was no evidence of bias (P = .825) between isometric and dynamic tests; however, the reliability coefficient was estimated to be 16%, and the coefficient of variation (%) was 109.27. Conclusions: As a range of future effects can be expected when comparing isometric to dynamic strength changes following resistance training, and limited proportionality exists between changes in these 2 strength qualities, there is strong evidence that isometric and dynamic strength represent separate neuromuscular domains. These findings can be used to inform strength-assessment models in athlete populations.
Minimal Number of Events Required for Acceleration–Speed Profiling in Elite Women’s Soccer
Authors: Cormier Patrick , Tsai Ming-Chang , Meylan Cesar , Soares Victor H.T. , Clarke David C. , Klimstra Marc
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To determine the minimum number of events (training or matches) for producing valid acceleration–speed (AS) profiles from global navigation satellite system (GNSS) data. Methods: Nine elite female soccer players participated in a 4-week training camp consisting of 19 events. AS profile metrics calculated from different combinations of athlete events were compared to force–velocity (FV) profile metrics from 2 × 40-m stand-alone sprint effort trials, using the same GNSS 10-Hz technology. Force–velocity profiles were calculated, from which AS profiles were obtained. AS profiles from training and matches were generated by plotting acceleration and speed points and performing a regression through the maximal points to obtain the AS metrics (theoretical maximal speed, x-intercept [in meters per second], theoretical maximal acceleration, y-intercept [in meters per second squared], and the slope per second). A linear mixed model was performed with the AS metrics as the outcome variables, the number of events as a fixed effect, and the participant identifier as a mixed effect. Dunnett post hoc multiple comparisons were used to compare the means of each number of event grouping (1–19 events) to those estimated from the dedicated sprint test. Results: Theoretical maximal speed and theoretical maximal acceleration means were no longer significantly different from the isolated sprint reference with 9 to 19 (small to trivial differences = −0.31 to −0.04 m·s−1, P = .12–.99) and 6 to 19 (small differences = −0.4 to −0.28 m·s−2, P = .06–.79) events, and the slopes were no longer different with 1 to 19 events (trivial differences = 0.06–0.03 s−1, P = .35–.99). Conclusions: AS profiles can be estimated from a minimum of 9 days of tracking data. Future research should investigate methodology resulting in AS profiles estimated from fewer events.
Tracking District and School Physical Education Time Policies After Legal Adjudication: A Case Study in California
Authors: Kahan David , McKenzie Thomas L. , Satnick Maya , Hansen Olivia
Published: September 2023

Purpose: Studies tracking changes in physical education (PE) policy adherence after an intervention are scarce. In California, successful litigation against 37 school districts for not providing adequate PE time compelled district schools’ teachers to post PE schedules online or on-site for 3 years. We performed a follow-up study 4 years after the expiration of lawsuit settlement stipulations to determine the level of adherence in the absence of external accountability. Methods: We reexamined the websites of all 37 school districts, 106 schools’ websites that posted time information in spring 2018 (Time 1), and a proportionate 20% random sample of schools’ websites (n = 150) that posted no information at Time 1. We used descriptive statistics and paired t tests to detect differences between Times 1 and 2. Discussion/Conclusion: District websites mostly maintained postings of PE time documents and information, while the proportion of Time 1 posting school websites with such content dropped by 58%–67%. At the school level, compliance to policy mandates was positively, but not permanently impacted by a lawsuit intervention.
Creating and Retaining an Inclusive Graduate Program in Kinesiology
Authors: Liu Ting , Hamilton Michelle , Chen YuChun
Published: September 2023

Over the past decade, enrollment in the exercise science graduate program at Texas State University has shown consistent growth. However, the program’s level of diversity has been low, as indicated by the college’s equity audit report. In response to the imperative of social justice and equity in the field of kinesiology, this article presents one recruitment strategy and two retention strategies aimed at fostering inclusivity in the graduate program. The recruitment strategy describes the steps to establish a partnership with Huston-Tillotson University (a historically Black university). This partnership serves as a means to create a pathway for underrepresented students to pursue graduate studies in exercise science. The two retention strategies explain how a peer-mentoring program and alumni connect can be used to foster an inclusive experience for current students and recent graduates and to promote student success and retention. The benefits of each strategy and suggestions to implement the strategies are also described.
An Equity-Focused Approach to Graduate Student Recruitment and Retention
Authors: Davis Brooks DeAnne , Griffin Lauren D. , Rawlings Teah , Stowe Rennae W. , Norwood Dawn
Published: September 2023

Kinesiology programs seeking to prepare an inclusive workforce are committed to recruiting and retaining graduate students who represent the demographic diversity of our country, communities, and undergraduate universities. Plans for enhancing diversity, including partnerships between historically Black undergraduate institutions and graduate programs located on predominantly White campuses, must incorporate equity-focused strategies. In this article, four Black women with various experiences as students and faculty at predominantly White institutions and historically Black colleges and universities offer their advice on equity-focused approaches to graduate student recruitment and retention. This article is meant to provide nuanced understandings of the benefits and challenges of such approaches for students and faculty of color.
Transverse momentum and multiplicity dependence of $$\varLambda _{c}^{+}/D^{0}$$ ratio in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s}=13$$ TeV
Authors: Song Jun , Li Hai-hong , Shao Feng-lan
Published: September 2023

We apply an equal-velocity quark combination model to study the $$\varLambda _{c}^{+}/D^{0}$$

Λ

c

+

/

D
0

ratio in the range $$p_{T}\lesssim 10$$

p
T

≲
10

 GeV/c in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s}=13$$

s

=
13

 TeV. We decompose the ratio into four parts which are related to quark numbers, light-flavor quark $$p_{T}$$

p
T

spectrum, charm quark $$p_{T}$$

p
T

spectrum, momentum correlation between light and charm quarks, respectively. Their influence on $$\varLambda _{c}^{+}/D^{0}$$

Λ

c

+

/

D
0

ratio is individually studied. The curvature property of light-flavor quark $$p_{T}$$

p
T

spectrum is the main reason of the non-monotonic $$p_{T}$$

p
T

dependence of $$\varLambda _{c}^{+}/D^{0}$$

Λ

c

+

/

D
0

ratio exhibited in high multiplicity events. Moreover, the multiplicity dependence of $$\varLambda _{c}^{+}/D^{0}$$

Λ

c

+

/

D
0

ratio as the function of $$p_{T}$$

p
T

is mainly because of the multiplicity dependence of light-flavor quark $$p_{T}$$

p
T

spectrum. Using the light-flavor quark $$p_{T}$$

p
T

spectrum obtained from experimental data of light-flavor hadrons and charm quark $$p_{T}$$

p
T

spectrum obtained from FONLL and/or PYTHIA calculations, the $$p_{T}$$

p
T

dependence of experimental data of $$\varLambda _{c}^{+}/D^{0}$$

Λ

c

+

/

D
0

ratio in high multiplicity events and that in low multiplicity events in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s}=13$$

s

=
13

TeV are reasonably understood.
Methodology for Estimating the Cost of Construction Equipment Based on the Analysis of Important Characteristics Using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Boyko Nataliya , Lukash Oleksii
Published: September 2023

This paper considers the current market pace, which requires a corresponding competitive advantage. This study forecasted the cost of heavy machinery depending on geolocation and essential characteristics by the field of activity. This study analyzes specific categories of heavy machinery for important price characteristics. The study classified them by keywords in the text description as essential characteristics. Accordingly, a dataset was formed based on the data obtained. The research objective is to collect and structure data from web resources for the sale of heavy equipment. This paper describes in detail the preliminary data processing. The main stages of preprocessing are presented in detail: detection and processing of missing data, removing anomalous data, coding of categorical data, and scaling. The method of the average value of a specific grouped set was applied to fill in the gaps according to the characteristics and available data. The mode value from the grouped items was used to fill in the gaps. The interquartile range and standard deviation were used to detect anomalies. We used the Kolmogorov–Smirnov, KS_Test, and Lilliefors tests to check the data for normality. In this study, the assessment of abnormal data was applied separately to each set of grouped data with the same parameters. The study built and analyzed models using machine learning methods (linear and polynomial regression, decision trees, random forest, support vector machine, and neural network). Two data encoding methods were used to achieve maximum model accuracy: Label Encoder and One Hot Encoder. The work of each algorithm is considered on the example of the created dataset. In this study, the parameter used for coding was the geolocation of heavy equipment. The study pays additional attention to the specific characteristics of heavy machinery by the sector of the economy. The existing methods and tools for price forecasting, depending on the specific characteristics of the equipment, were analyzed. The practical significance of this work lies in developing an algorithm for predicting the cost of heavy machinery by assessing several parameters.
Muses as ‘Fellow Citizens’?
Authors: Mojsik Tomasz
Published: September 2023

In line 1 of the so-called Seal (118 AB), Posidippus invokes Μοῦσαι πολιήτιδες (‘Muses fellow citizens’). This fact has puzzled scholars for years, as the Muses are nowhere else referred to as such. Referring to an epigram of Queen Eurydice, a dedication in honour of the Muses from the Pella area as well as evidence of cultural activity in the Macedonian capital, I demonstrate that the term πολιήτιδες used in the poem is related to the poet’s hometown. I also illustrate that naming the Muses ‘fellow citizens’ and placing their statues in the agora, theatre or gymnasion reflected the central position of mousikē, education and literature, in Greek culture. In addition, I draw a parallel with the phenomenon of honouring poets with statues at central points in the city, often surrounded by the Muses.
Niche evolution and diversification in Middle Eastern stream salamanders (Paradactylodon): vulnerability to future climate change
Authors: Vaissi Somaye , Heshmatzad Pouria , Hernandez Axel
Published: September 2023

The relict genus Paradactylodon is narrowly distributed in temperate forests throughout the Middle East region, including P. mustersi in Afghanistan, P. persicus, and P. gorganensis in northwestern and northeastern Iran. Recent phylogenetic analyses suggest that the Iranian Paradactylodon populations may belong to a single species, P. persicus. In this study, we addressed how climatic niche conservatism and/or niche divergence may have affected the evolution of all Paradactylodon species using ecological niche models and multivariate niche analyses to identify niche overlap and assess equivalency and similarity tests. We also used an ensemble of ten algorithms to predict Paradactylodon species distributions for recent (1970-2000) and future (2081-2100) climate conditions. The results show that future climate change may cause the loss of 80 to 97% of these species’ suitable habitat, especially at lower elevations. The niche divergence hypothesis was supported by the results of niche equivalency tests on P. persicus vs. P. gorganensis (and vice versa) with moderate overlap (D = 0.23, I = 0.41) and P. persicus vs. P. mustersi (and vice versa) with little overlap (D = 0.05, I = 0.06). Meanwhile, the niche similarity test for the niche conservatism hypothesis revealed significant results for P. persicus vs. P. gorganensis, P. mustersi vs. P. persicus, and P. persicus + P. gorganensis (as a single species) vs. P. mustersi. Due to these complex evolutionary ecological patterns and allopatric distributions, we recommend that P. gorganensis be considered a valid subspecies.
Following the Pipeline
Authors: Olszok Charis
Published: September 2023

Contributing to the fields of eco- and petro-criticism, this article argues for significant connections in the Arabic novel between fantastical and uncanny aesthetics, on the one hand, and ecological awareness and energy anxiety on the other. Moving from nation-based comparisons, in recognition of how energy ecologies similarly traverse sovereign borders, it does so through Iraqi author Fāḍil al-ʿ⁠Azzāwī’s Ākhir al-malāʾikah (1992) and the Palestinian Imīl Ḥabībī’s Sarāyā, bint al-ghūl (1991). Set at either end of the Kirkuk-Haifa oil pipeline, in their authors’ home cities, these novels were completed within a few weeks of one another, during the first months of the petroleum-driven Gulf War (1990–1991), to which they allude. Through phantoms, jinn, angels, and zombies, they dramatize the emotional, environmental, and social disturbances of petro-modernity.
Sophoclean Epistemology: Justice in the Theban Plays
Authors: Hunnisett Gillian , MacDonald Sara
Published: September 2023

In Oedipus at Colonus Sophocles shows that neither individual reason nor piety are singularly sufficient for either individual happiness or the common good. Human understanding is dependent on a decentering of the individual, such that the reason of the wider community, including that of the gods, can augment the limitations of individual perspective. Sophocles shows not only the dependence of faith and reason on one another, but the degree to which both are dependent on reciprocal good will within a community.
Persistent Dissent and Plato’s Later Theory of Civic Participation
Authors: Bartninkas Vilius
Published: September 2023

Plato in the Laws proposes a simulation of nearly ideal conditions regarding the experts’ persuasion and observes that even in these circumstances some citizens will not agree with the epistemic authorities. In this paper, such situations are labelled as exhibiting persistent dissent. Plato maintains that persistent dissenters lack the virtue of sōphrosynē, but its meaning is notoriously difficult to decipher. This paper offers to examine the role of sōphrosynē in tackling persistent dissent in light of Plato’s reflections on civic participation. This angle will not only uncover the epistemic aspect of sōphrosynē that lays the groundwork for persuasion, but it will also give a less optimistic assessment of the civic theory of the Laws, whilst simultaneously widening our own understanding of the range of disagreements between the experts and the non-experts and the difficulties in removing them.
Mining Plato’s Cave: Silver Mining, Slavery, and Philosophical Education
Authors: Bakewell Geoffrey
Published: September 2023

The Allegory of the Cave (Pl. Resp. 514a1–520e2) is often analyzed in terms of metaphysical, epistemological, political, and psychic hierarchies that are clarified and reinforced by philosophical education. But the Allegory also contains an important historical allusion to the silver mining that took place in classical Attica. Examining the Cave in light of the enslaved miners around Lavrio leads us to reconsider the philosophical ‘liberation’ (λύσιν … τῶν δεσμῶν, 515c4) at the Allegory’s heart in the context of Athenian slavery and Plato’s thoughts on the practice. Elsewhere in his work Plato generally uses servile metaphors in two ways: to depict ‘bad’ internal psychic subjection and ‘good’ submission to logos as manifested in various entities. This historical dimension of the Allegory works to undermine the ostensible naturalness of the slave/citizen distinction and suggest that philosophical education has the potential to ‘free’ the former and ‘subjugate’ the latter. The implication that these juridical categories are, to an extent, arbitrary and mutable reveals important differences between Plato’s views and those of his classical peers, and it adds to the dialogue’s protreptic dimension for its readers then and now.
Aristotle on Friendship in Association
Authors: Brennan Mark C.
Published: September 2023

This paper argues that Aristotle’s account of friendship can be applied equally to cases of friendship in association and personal friendship. It argues that both types of friendship are similar insofar as both are primarily concerned with the common good that serves as the basis of the friendship. This notion of the common good is what allows Aristotle to draw a connection between personal relationships, the more circumscribed associations, and the political association. This focus on the common good allows one to look to the political association to inform one’s understanding of both friendship and justice in both the smaller associations and in personal relationships.
“That’s where I get reach!” Marketing Strategies of a Salafi Influencer on YouTube and TikTok
Authors: Klapp Marcel
Published: September 2023

The article examines the media practices of a German Salafi missionary through the perspective of theories on Islamic authority and digital online marketing. Following an understanding of online Salafism as a cross-platform phenomenon, the paper draws on an ethnographic case study of Salafi Influencer Abdurrashid, examining the specific strategies he develops for his channels on YouTube and TikTok, the synergies he generates between them, and the active outreach measures through which he creates a gateway for his YouTube profile via TikTok in order to gain authority.
The Classification Characteristics and Dynamic Changes of Desert Vegetation Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Remote Sensing
Authors: Yue Kun , Li Penghui
Published: September 2023

The common ground sample method of vegetation survey requires a lot of manpower and time. Meanwhile, many vegetation information may not be revealed because the scale of standard sample is usually only 100 m2. For this reason, this study developed a set of desert vegetation
sample survey method based on UAV technology, and further developed a set of vegetation spatial distribution pattern analysis method based on it, and carried out an empirical study with typical shrub communities in Inner Mongolia as an example. It is expected to provide scientific basis for
wind and sand control, vegetation restoration and ecological construction in the ecologically fragile area at the edge of Inner Mongolia.
Nutritional and Sensory Quality Evaluation of Low-Temperature Yogurt Sold in the Market Based on Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis
Authors: Zhang Siran
Published: September 2023

In order to explore the quality differences of various brands of low-temperature yogurt sold in the market, the nutritional components and physical characteristics of 11 kinds of stirred lowtemperature commercial yogurt were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA), including
protein content, total sugar content, fat content, sodium content, calcium content, probiotic content, solid content, pH value, L*, a*, b*, viscosity and whey precipitation rate. In addition, combined with the method of sensory evaluation, the quality evaluation model
is initially constructed. The results show that the cumulative variance contribution rate of the four principal components extracted by principal component analysis method reaches 90.74%. Based on the comprehensive evaluation function of principal component analysis method, the calculated
results are significantly positively correlated with the sensory evaluation results (r = 0.909, P <0.001), which reflects the high reliability and effectiveness of the evaluation model. By cluster analysis, 11 kinds of yogurt can be divided into four groups. The first group
is characterized by high protein and mellow taste, the second group is characterized by balanced nutrition and popular taste, the third group is characterized by no additive and original flavor, and the fourth group is characterized by moderate quality in all aspects. The research results
provide a theoretical basis for the quality evaluation of stirred low-temperature yogurt and the research and development of fermented dairy products.
Unveiling Oil Seed Cakes Ability to Suppress Fusarium Wilt (Fusarium udum Butler) in Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.)
Authors: Maurya Amit Kumar , Aditya  , John Vinny , Pant Hemlata , Sharma Sujata P. , El-Refaey Doaa Z. , Sami Rokayya , Helal Mahmoud , Baakdah Fadi , Ahmed Nevin
Published: September 2023

Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) holds significant economic importance as a versatile crop due to its various uses. It is a valuable source of nutrition for human consumption, rich in protein, dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals. Additionally, pigeonpea plays a crucial role in sustainable
agriculture by fixing atmospheric nitrogen and enhancing soil fertility. Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium udum is an important economic threat to the growers of pigeonpea in India and across the globe. The study was therefore conducted during the years 2017–2019 to determine the
impact of the various oil seed cakes on the fusarium wilt of pigeonpea. Seven treatments including different types of oil seed cakes viz., mustard cake, neem cake, linseed cake, mahua cake, sunflower cake, groundnut cake and carbendazim (treated check) were employed by adopting the
soil inoculation method. All of the treatments employed notably diminished the incidence of fusarium wilt. Among the treatments, neem cake (T2) was most effective in suppressing disease incidence (73.78% and 76.89%), registering the least plant fatalities (19.05 and 18.02), respectively.
Furthermore, treatment (T2) also showed maximum plant height at 120 DAS (151.86 cm and 153.34 cm) and the highest root-nodules count of pigeon pea (5.71, 5.66) respectively in both the cropping years compared to other treatments and untreated control (T0).
Screening of Cadmium-Resistant Microbes to Improve the Tolerance of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench Against Cadmium
Authors: Chen Ying , Wu Xinlin , Zhao Yaming , Chen Shaoning , Hu Xiufang
Published: September 2023

To improve the cadmium (Cd) resistance and the remediation ability of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, fourteen Cd-resistant bacteria were screened from cadmium-contaminated soil, together with two strains preserved in the laboratory. It was found that 3 strains (ZR451, ZR452, and
ZJSH1) significantly promoted the growth of Cd-stressed S. bicolor in hydroponics and mitigated Cd toxicity to plants, and SR8, ZRK1, and ZR211 promoted sorghum growth lightly. Further studies indicated that strains SR8, ZR211, and ZJSH1 were Cd-resistant and acid-resistant strains.
Strains ZR211and ZR121 significantly produced two hormones (SA and GA), ZJSH1 significantly produced IAA and SA, and strains SR8, ZR451 and ZR452 produced one hormone. Strains SR8, ZR451, ZR452, and ZJSH1 produced siderophores. In addition, strain ZJSH1fixed nitrogen and produced ACC deaminase,
while ZR451 and ZJSH1 solubilized phosphorus Correlation analysis showed that the Cd resistance of the strains was significantly and positively correlated with their IAA and GA production. The screening of the three cadmium resistant strains ZJSH1 (Sphingomonas paucimobilis), ZR451
(Bacillus cereus) and ZR452 (Bacillus cereus) provided bacterial resources for the efficient remediation of Cd-contaminated soils by bacterial - S. bicolor combination.
Characteristics of Pseudomonas stutzeri Oxidation of As(III)/Sb(III)
Authors: Tian Miao , Jin Linfeng , Xu Zhouyou , Zhang Erke , Li Biyu , Deng Xinhui , Chen Liang
Published: September 2023

Heavy metal pollution, especially arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) pollution, seriously threatens people’s health and the ecological system. It is a common occurrence for As and Sb to coexist in the environment as inorganic species, including trivalent/pentavalent As or trivalent/pentavalent
Sb. In addition, trivalent As and trivalent Sb are more toxic and difficult to remove than pentavalent As and pentavalent Sb. Therefore, the simultaneous pre-oxidation of trivalent As and trivalent Sb to pentavalent As and pentavalent Sb is a very critical step in the process of pollution
control. A strain of Pseudomonas stutzeri, by which trivalent As/trivalent Sb can be oxidized to pentavalent As/pentavalent Sb, was selected, and its oxidation characteristics were studied in detail. The oxidation mechanism was thoroughly analyzed through a series of experiments and
characterization. The results indicated that Pseudomonas stutzeri could tolerate trivalent As (577 mg/L) and trivalent Sb (1752 mg/L); the highest oxidation ratio of trivalent As was 53.05% and that of trivalent Sb was 83.05%. According to the cytotoxicity assay, the largest inhibition
ratio was 89.22% for trivalent As and 74.98% for trivalent Sb under 5 mM of trivalent As/trivalent Sb stress. In addition, the minimum inhibitory concentrations of trivalent As and trivalent Sb were 0.22 mM and 0.43 mM, respectively. The results of Raman and FTIR spectroscopy analyses revealed
that the peak vibration intensity of all strains under trivalent As and trivalent Sb stress was weaker than that of the control group. Therefore, it could be concluded that the toxicity of trivalent As for Pseudomonas stutzeri is greater than that of trivalent Sb according to the maximum
concentration tolerated by Pseudomonas stutzeri and the minimum inhibitory concentrations. The oxidation ratio of trivalent Sb for Pseudomonas stutzeri is higher than that of trivalent As, with both trivalent As and trivalent Sb being bonded to the organic groups. The simultaneous
oxidation of Sb(III) and As(III) by Pseudomonas stutzeri suggests its potential as a candidate for bioremediation of environments contaminated with these elements. This study provides a theoretical basis and guidance for the microbial oxidation of trivalent As and trivalent Sb.
Machine guardians: The Terminator, AI narratives and US regulatory discourse on lethal autonomous weapons systems
Authors: Watts Tom FA , Bode Ingvild
Published: September 2023

References to the Terminator films are central to Western imaginaries of Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS). The puzzle of whether references to the Terminator franchise have featured in the United States’ international regulatory discourse on these technologies nevertheless remains underexplored. Bringing the growing study of AI narratives into a greater dialogue with the International Relations literature on popular culture and world politics, this article unpacks the repository of different stories told about intelligent machines in the first two Terminator films. Through an interpretivist analysis of this material, we examine whether these AI narratives have featured in the US written contributions to the international regulatory debates on LAWS at the United Nations Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons in the period between 2014 and 2022. Our analysis highlights how hopeful stories about what we coin ‘machine guardians’ have been mirrored in these statements: LAWS development has been presented as a means of protecting humans from physical harm, enacting the commands of human decision makers and using force with superhuman levels of accuracy. This suggests that, contrary to existing interpretations, the various stories told about intelligent machines in the Terminator franchise can be mobilised to both support and oppose the possible regulation of these technologies.
Dynamic movement primitives in robotics: A tutorial survey
Authors: Saveriano Matteo , Abu-Dakka Fares J , Kramberger Aljaž , Peternel Luka
Published: September 2023

Biological systems, including human beings, have the innate ability to perform complex tasks in a versatile and agile manner. Researchers in sensorimotor control have aimed to comprehend and formally define this innate characteristic. The idea, supported by several experimental findings, that biological systems are able to combine and adapt basic units of motion into complex tasks finally leads to the formulation of the motor primitives’ theory. In this respect, Dynamic Movement Primitives (DMPs) represent an elegant mathematical formulation of the motor primitives as stable dynamical systems and are well suited to generate motor commands for artificial systems like robots. In the last decades, DMPs have inspired researchers in different robotic fields including imitation and reinforcement learning, optimal control, physical interaction, and human–robot co-working, resulting in a considerable amount of published papers. The goal of this tutorial survey is two-fold. On one side, we present the existing DMP formulations in rigorous mathematical terms and discuss the advantages and limitations of each approach as well as practical implementation details. In the tutorial vein, we also search for existing implementations of presented approaches and release several others. On the other side, we provide a systematic and comprehensive review of existing literature and categorize state-of-the-art work on DMP. The paper concludes with a discussion on the limitations of DMPs and an outline of possible research directions.