bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DYNAMICS OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATUS OF PATIENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF CLAVICLE FRACTURES BY TRANSOSSEOUS OSTEOSYNTHESIS
Authors: Shchurov V. A. , Darvin E. O.
Published: April 2018

Purpose - assessment of the dynamics of the state, blood supply regenerate bone, muscle contractility of the arm and forearm in patients with clavicle fractures during the treatment with external fixation device. Material and methods. Authors studied 38 patients during the treatment by Ilizarov method. The muscle dynamometry, Doppler ultrasound, psychophysiological study using SF-36 test were performed. Results. The strength of the humeral and forearm muscles on the side of damage was reduced and increased by 50-80% of the conditional baseline during transosseous fixation. The high rate of blood flow in the area of injury was characteristic during the first week in the fixation period. In the process of the treatment and recovery of muscle contractility its value normalized. The treatment of clavicle fractures by Ilizarov method allows in the early period of fixation to restore the ability of patients to self-service, to reduce the influence of pain limiting factor, improves mood and health of patients.
Planning of surgical treatment of upper extremity in patients with cerebral palsy
Authors: Umnov V. V. , Novikov V. A. , Zvozil’ A. V. , Zabolotskiy D. V. , Kozyrev A. S.
Published: April 2018

The purpose - to devise the algorithm of patient examination with spastic hand to determine what the variant of surgical treatment is indicated. The variant of surgical treatment and it's results are depend on the cause of upper extremity deformation. Materials and methods. This study is based on a survey of children with cerebral palsy with lesions of the upper extremity. The main criterion for the selection of patients was the presence of the combined lesion of the upper extremity, where the cause of dysfunction hands are not only fixed contractures, but primary tonic. Was to survey 47 patients with spastic forms of cerebral palsy with the defeat of the upper limb, but the study group included only 26 of them in the ages of 7 to 18 years (average 12,1), as having the clinical picture both types of contractures. We have developed and applied a system of examinations, modeling expected outcome of selective neurotomy motor nerves of the upper limb, which allows to estimate the possible result of such treatment, and clearly differentiate tonic and fixed contracture. Results and conclusions. Based on the results of study we supposed that, using diagnostic blockade motor nerve at the period of planning surgical treatment help us to create temporary reversible model of selective neurotomy motor nerve branches and identify the type of contracture, degree of manifestation and functional perspective.
Medical and social characteristics of in-patients with injuries
Authors: Cherniy A. G.
Published: April 2018

An anonymous sociological survey of 408 patients hospitalized due to injuries in R.R.Vreden RNIITO and traumatological departments of St. Petersburg city hospitals was carried out. The social structure of injury victims under hospital care has no fundamentally differences comparing to the social structure of the city population. The most patients were males, aged 20-30 and 40-50 years, St. Petersburg residents, with higher and secondary education. Most of the patients were married, had an average or low income, living in decent housing. Many of the injured have abused alcohol, smoked regularly, some use drugs. Most often injuries leading to hospitalization occur as a result of falls, and criminal attacks and road accidents. According to opinion of the majority of patients, sanitary condition of their departments is good, but the quality and range of food does not satisfy most of the respondents. Many patients are faced with the need to pay for the recommended care. Patients highly appreciate the human and professional qualities of the medical staff. The social efficiency of treatment coefficient was 0.95.
System lipidic distress-syndrome at traumatic illness
Authors: Vlasov A. P. , Trofimov V. A. , Mitroshin A. N. , Shevalayev G. A.
Published: April 2018

The purpose of work was studying of a role of systemic lipid metabolism disturbances in a pathogenesis of homeostasis disorders in the early posttraumatic period at fractures of pelvic bones in experiment and clinic. Pilot and clinical studies are put in a basis of work with application of the techniques estimating structure phospholipid membranes of erythrocytes, cells of a liver, kidneys, heart, lungs, and also intensity of the processes participating in a regulation of a lipid metabolism. Results. It is established that at a pelvic trauma change of lipids structure arise not only in a blood, but also other tissues structures (a liver, kidneys, lungs, heart) that is caused by activization of phosfolipaze systems, an intensification of lipids peroxidation process. There is a systemic lipid distress syndrome. The arisen changes - one of significant in a pathogenesis of traumatic illness. At modification of lipid structure of a biomembrane the morphological and functional condition of a cell starts suffering. It is substrate of emergence of disregulation pathologies. The received scientific facts can be the base for intelligent medical actions for the purpose of the prevention of emergence of a "favorable" background of disregulation conditions by vectorial impact on one of its main pathogenetic links - a systemic lipide distress syndrome.
Retrospective analysis of effectiveness of different flaps in patients 5 with open tibia fractures
Authors: Shibaev E. Y. , Vlasov A. P. , Kisel D. A. , Lazarev M. P. , Nevedrov A. V. , Tsoglin L. L. , Ivanov P. A.
Published: April 2018

In the article the results of 67 procedures of soft tissue reconstructions for the patients with open tibia fractures were analyzed. In the group, where the authors used skin rotational flaps, afterwards there were 3 (37.5%) patients with deep infection. The skin flap necrosis was diagnosed in 5 (62.5%) cases. In the group, where the authors used the reverse sural flap the deep infection occurred in 2 (28.6%) cases, but the flap necrosis developed in 3 (42.9%) cases. In the group where the authors used local muscular flaps, the deep infection occurred in 5 cases (13.2%) and the flap necrosis developed in 5 cases. In the group where we used the free muscular flap there was only 1 patient who got the deep wound infection and there were 2 patients who got necrosis. The clinical results that demonstrated the best healing and minimal complication rate of muscular flaps were confirmed high blood flow data in those flaps, measured by laser Doppler flowmetry. It means that using muscular flaps technique is most suitable for the soft tissue reconstructions in open tibia fractures. The type of the flap’s utilization is not important. Skin flap is a second line method of choice if it’s not possible to use muscular flap technique.
Biomechanical consequences of anatomical reconstruction of the lateral ligaments to the ankle joint complex: an in vitro investigation
Authors: Shmidt R. , Benesh S.
Published: April 2018

The three-dimensional kinematics of both the ankle and the subtalar joints was examined after cutting and subsequent repairing the lateral ligaments using three anatomical procedures: direct repair, tendon graft and carbon-fibre implant. All procedures restored the original kinematics of the subtalar joint, except the plantar/dorsiflexion. For the talocrural joint, the tendon graft and the carbon fibre implant left a minimal laxity for the inversion/eversion and internal/external rotation movements. The direct repair procedure restored the physiologic kinematics almost completely and gave the best results, allowing to restore almost completely the physiologic kinematics. Each procedure respected the insertion points and the directions of the original ligaments. However, the different results for the direct repair and the other two anatomical procedures show that this condition alone is not sufficient to restore the kinematics of the talocrural and subtalar joints perfectly. None of the procedures caused a movement restriction. Thus, we recommend the direct repair of the ligaments as the method of choice. If the quality or the conditions of the ligaments do not allow a direct repair, we recommend to use another anatomical reconstruction.
TWO-STAGE REOSTEOSYNTHESIS OF TIBIA IN THE PATIENT WITH FRACTURE NON-UNION COMPLICATED BY POSTOPERATIVE OSTEOMYELITIS
Authors: Efremov I. M. , Sibaev F. Ya. , Shevalaev G. A.
Published: April 2018

The authors present a case report of a patient with pseudarthrosis of the right tibia complicated by chronic postoperative osteomyelitis. The development of the osteomyelitis process is caused by locked intramedullary fixation of the right tibia by a retrograde nail. Unstable fixation led to the development of acute periimplant infection and osteomyelitis.A radical surgical debridement of the focus site of chronic infection was performed by removing locking screws and nail, removal of necrotic bone tissues by handling the tibial medullary cavity by special reamers. The authors used the pulse lavage with active removal of the solution for an additional sterilization of the surgical wound and medullary cavity. A reinforced spacer impregnated with vancomycin and polyvalent bacteriophage was placed in the medullary cavity to ensure local prolonged antimicrobial therapy. Instead of the removed monomer the polyvalent bacteriophage was introduced into the polymer composition including phages against the main infectious agents in patients of traumatology and orthopedics clinic.Three months after the first stage of treatment and stabilization of laboratory parameters the patient was readmitted to the clinic. The second stage of procedure included removal of spacer, closed antegrade locked internal fixation of the right tibia and talus by a nail with an antimicrobial coating of bone cement impregnated with vancomycin and a polyvalent bacteriophage. Antimicrobial coating of the nail was made intraoperatively using an original mold.Two stage procedure allowed to achieve a stable remission of chronic osteomyelitis and stable internal fixation of tibia pseudarthrosis with preservation of the supporting function of the lower limb.
BONE GRAFTING ENHANCED BY PLATELET-RICH PLASMA IN TREATMENT OF AVASCULAR NECROSIS OF FEMORAL HEAD
Authors: Korytkin A. A. , Zykin A. A. , Zakharova D. V. , Novikova Ya. S.
Published: April 2018

Treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head is an issue of current interest while it affects young and employable people. So far there is no well-defined strategy of management which would help to postpone hip arthroplasty and further revision procedure. Hip sparing surgical treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head by bone grafting prior to head collapse proved to be a viable option not only during early stages of disease but also at advanced stages. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) addition to treatment plan potentially helps improving bone regeneration in situ.In this article the authors present a case of a 37 years old patient with avascular necrosis of the femoral head at a fragmentation stage (type 4B by ARCO). The authors centrifuged 15 ml of autologous whole blood (1500 RPM) obtained by a special double-contoured syringe. During the surgical stage of treatment PRP and morselized bone graft were mixed to introduce and impact into the debrided zone of avascular necrosis. The authors also introduced 0.3–0.4 ml of PRP into the debrided zone of avascular necrosis after bone grafting. At 6 months follow-up CT images of the studied patient demonstrated signs of bone reorganization and no loss of femoral head sphericity. Preoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Harris Hip Score (HHS) and Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) prior to treatment were 60, 45 and 33 points respectively. Postoperative VAS, HHS and HOOS scores were 10, 78 and 78 respectively. In the authors’ opinion, impaction bone grafting enhanced by PRP helps obtaining good and excellent outcomes not only at early but also at advanced stages of avascular necrosis.
OSTEOPOROSIS IN RUSSIAN FEDERATION: EPIDEMIOLOGY, SOCIO-MEDICAL AND ECONOMICAL ASPECTS (REVIEW)
Authors: Lesnyak O. M. , Baranova I. A. , Belova K. Yu. , Gladkova E. N. , Evstigneeva L. P. , Ershova O. B. , Karonova T. L. , Kochish A. Yu. , Nikitinskaya O. A. , Skripnikova I. A. , Toroptsova N. V. , Aramisova R. M.
Published: April 2018

The authors performed an analysis of published stadies devoted to osteoporosis situation in Russian Federation including epidemiological, social, medical and economical aspects of this pathology. The analysis demonstrated that osteoporosis is reported in every third woman and every forth man of 50 years old and older. Seven vertebra fractures happen every minute and one fracture of proximal femur — every 5 minutes in Russia. An overall number of all key osteoporotic fractures will increase from 590 thousand up to 730 thousand cases by the year 2035. Osteoporosis is financially demanding for healthcare due to high treatment cost of fractures that are accompanied by life quality deterioration, high mortality and invalidization of patients. Epidemiological studies demonstrated that due to high fracture risk the osteoporosis therapy should be assigned to 31% of female and 4% of male patients over 50 years old. Such factors of osteoporosis risks are widespread in the society: smoking, low food calcium consumption, vitamin D deficit, low physical activity. The authors analyzed the problems in organization of medical care to patients with osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures and possible solutions to existing issues. The organization of healthcare should be addressed at identification of high risk patient groups, early diagnosis and assignment of corresponding treatment aimed at decreasing potential fracture risk as well as at pathology prophylaxis.
OUR APPROACH TO TREATMENT OF NEGLECTED ACHILLES TENDON RUPTURES. IS THERE A SIMPLE SOLUTION?
Authors: Chugaev D. V. , Konovalchuk N. S. , Sorokin E. P. , Kogan P. G. , Gudz A. I. , Lasunsky S. A. , Stafeev D. V.
Published: April 2018

Introduction. Subcutaneous rupture of achilles tendon is a frequent trauma and most patients with such pathology are men of working age. Even though it is not difficult to diagnose such ruptures, especially those that need surgical treatment, there are numerous cases when patients come to a surgeon with a big delay. In such cases, the rupture becomes «chronic» or «neglected» and can be no longer treated as an acute rupture. There are many techniques of operative treatment of chronic achilles tendon ruptures, but still there is no consensus on which technique is to be considered the most simple, effective and safe.The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of using peroneus brevis tendon as a graft for treatment of achilles tendon defects type 3 in Kuwada classification. Will this technique bring good and excellent results that are comparable with end-to-end suture after acute achilles tendon ruptures?Materials and methods. The present study includes 13 patients in which peroneus brevis was used for treatment of neglected achilles tendon rupture (group I) and 18 patients after end-to-end suture after acute achilles tendon rupture (group II). Group I consisted of patients with neglected rupture of achilles tendon that was not previously treated due to various reasons and with a significant defect.Results. Mean surgery duration in group I was 91.9±6.6 (Me — 100) min, in group II — 43.2±2.2 (Me — 45) (p = 0.0001). damaged limb was evaluated using achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score, mean post-op follow up was around 1 year. The results were: group I — 86.6±2.28 (Me — 87), group II — 93.4±1.01 (Me — 94) (p = 0.04). This means, that despite quite high scores in group I, they are still statistically worse than scores after suture of acute rupture in group II. There was no difference in post-operative complication rate between the groups (p0.05). The most common complication for both groups was range of motion restriction in ankle joint. None of the patients had ankle joint instability after surgery.Conclusion. Management of neglected ruptures of achilles tendon type 3 (in Kuwada classification) with peroneus brevis autologous graft is an effective and safe technique, that achieves good and excellent results in treatment of this group of patients, in absolute numbers is comparable to functional outcomes after end-to-end suture of acute achilles tendon ruptures, but statistically demonstrates significantly worse results.
TOPOGRAPHIC AND ANATOMICAL FEATURES OF ANTEROLATERAL LIGAMENT OF THE KNEE
Authors: Goncharov E. N. , Koval O. A. , Krasnov G. O. , Mironov A. N. , Goncharov N. G.
Published: April 2018

Background: anterolateral ligament (ALL) is known since it was found in 1879 by Paul Segond. During more than 130 years this anatomical structure was not popular, later it became especially relevant, when its involvement in knee joint rotational stability was demonstrated by different studies. However, data about anterolateral ligament in the knee joint is controversial and limited so further research is necessary.Purpose of the study: to investigate frequency of occurrence, severity and features of topography of anterolateral ligament of the knee joint in the context of stabilizing procedures on the knee joint.Materials and methods: the study included 60 samples of lower limbs obtained from 30 unfixed corpses of people who died at the age from 69 to 99 years. Topography-anatomical study was performed with knee bent at 90° with internal rotation of lower leg using basic surgical instruments set and precision preparation instruments set. When the ligament was identified, relationship with the lateral meniscus body was evaluated, relationship with peroneal collateral ligament (mainly by connective fibers) and the presence of lateral lower knee vessels (artery and veins) were evaluated. Also, the place of ligament attachment on lateral epicondyle of femur and lateral condyle of tibia were measured.Results: the incidence of ALL in studied age group is 56.6 percent. ALL was observed in both knee joints in 100% of cases. In women ALL was observed in 66.7% (24 joints out of 36), in men — 41.6% (10 joint out of 24). The average length of the ALL was 38.5±4.4 mm. The average width at the level of joint gap — 4.45±0.85 mm.The location of the attachment to the lateral epicondyle of the femur was represented in three anatomical variants: posterior and proximal to the lateral collateral ligament — 64.7%, anterior to the lateral collateral ligament — 23.5%, in the place of attachment of popliteal muscle tendon or next to it — 11.8%. The place of attachment on lateral condyle of the tibia is typical — approximately in the middle of the line from fibula head to Gerdy tubercle.Conclusion. Based on the authors’ findings and findings of foreign studies the optimal area for proximal channel formation is the posterior position and proximal to place of lateral collateral ligament beginning. Also, the anatomical regularity of lateral lower knee vessels is obtained, that allows to preserve one of the main blood supply sources of anterolateral area of the knee joint.
Modificaciones en el índice de masa y composición corporal en personal activo del Ejército colombiano: un estudio de caso
Authors: Cortés Fernández Santiago , Camargo Iván Yesid , Botero Rosas Daniel
Published: April 2018

Los entrenamientos militares en el Ejército Nacional, programados por la Dirección de Instrucción y distribuidos a lo largo de la carrera militar, someten al combatiente a diversas condiciones que pretenden simular actividades desarrolladas en el ejercicio profesional. Actualmente, no existe literatura especializada sobre las modificaciones en el índice y composición corporal de quienes desarrollan actividades de entrenamiento militar y, en consecuencia, tampoco hay claridad respecto a la posible prevalencia de afectaciones a la salud generadas por este entrenamiento físico. El objetivo de este documento es caracterizar estas modificaciones en el personal militar participante en el Curso Avanzado de Combate del Ejército Nacional mediante la técnica de bioimpedancia eléctrica, con el propósito de establecer una línea base (baseline) sobre la cual desarrollar estudios posteriores en otros cursos de entrenamiento de las Fuerzas Militares de Colombia.
Bring-your-own-device in medical schools and healthcare facilities: A review of the literature (Preprint)
Authors: Kadimo Khutsafalo , Kebaetse Masego B. , Ketshogileng Dineo , Seru Lovie Edwin , Sebina Kagiso B. , Kovarik Carrie , Balotlegi Kutlo
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

The ‘culture’ or ‘habit’ of using personal mobile devices for work and learning is expected to continue growing with advances in information and communication and network technologies. Even with the benefits of users bringing their personal devices to working and learning spaces, the fluid relationship and user movement between medical schools and healthcare facilities can pose challenges for data security, particularly patient information security. The bring-your-own device (BYOD) policy is perceived as a driver for balancing user needs for convenience and institutional needs for security.

OBJECTIVE

This review sought to explore the literature to identify BYOD policy components (issues, interventions, and guidelines) that could potentially inform BYOD policy development and implementation in healthcare facilities and medical schools.

METHODS

A literature search on PubMed, Web of Science, and Ebscohost (Academic Search Premier, ERIC, CINAHL, and MEDLINE) was conducted using the following search terms and their synonyms: healthcare facilities, mobile devices, BYOD, privacy and confidentiality, and health records. We developed a review matrix to capture the main aspects of each article and coded the matrix for emerging themes. The database and hand search yielded 1 594 articles, 14 of which were deemed as meeting the inclusion criteria.

RESULTS

Themes emerging from the study include: device management, data security, medical applications, information technology, education and/or curriculum, policy, and guidelines. The guidelines theme seems to provide a direction for BYOD policy development and implementation.

CONCLUSIONS

A more feasible approach towards achieving a safe mobile device use environment is through the development of comprehensive BYOD policies that would balance users’ need for convenience with organizational security and patient privacy. The paucity in peer-reviewed literature calls for robust research that uses socio-technical approaches to development and evaluation of BYOD policies in healthcare facilities and medical schools.

CLINICALTRIAL

none
Relationship Between Weekly Patterns of Caloric Intake and Reported Weight Loss Outcomes: Retrospective Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hill Christine , Weir Brian W , Fuentes Laura W , Garcia-Alvarez Alicia , Anouti Danya P , Cheskin Lawrence J
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

Although millions of overweight and obese adults use mobile phone apps for weight loss, little is known about the predictors of success.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to understand the relationship between weight loss outcomes and weekly patterns of caloric intake among overweight and obese adults using a mobile phone app for weight loss.

METHODS

We examined the relationship between weekly patterns of caloric intake and weight loss outcomes among adults who began using a weight loss app in January 2016 and continued consistent use for at least 5 months (N=7007). Unadjusted and adjusted linear regression analyses were used to evaluate the predictors of percentage of bodyweight lost for women and men separately, including age, body mass index category, weight loss plan, and difference in daily calories consumed on weekend days (Saturday and Sunday) versus Monday.

RESULTS

In adjusted linear regression, percentage of bodyweight lost was significantly associated with age (for women), body mass index (for men), weight loss plan, and differences in daily caloric intake on Mondays versus weekend days. Compared with women consuming at least 500 calories more on weekend days than on Mondays, those who consumed 50 to 250 calories more on weekend days or those with balanced consumption (±50 calories) lost 1.64% more and 1.82% more bodyweight, respectively. Women consuming 250 to 500 calories or more than 500 calories more on Mondays than on weekend days lost 1.35% more and 3.58% more bodyweight, respectively. Compared with men consuming at least 500 calories more on weekend days than on Mondays, those consuming 250 to 500 calories or more than 500 calories more on Mondays than on weekend days lost 2.27% and 3.42% less bodyweight, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Consistent caloric intake on weekend days and Mondays or consuming slightly fewer calories per day on Mondays versus weekend days was associated with more successful weight loss.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03136692; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03136692 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6y9JvHya4)
ON MAXIMAL FUNCTION AND V-CONJUGATION
Authors: Sadikovic Samra
Published: April 2018

In this paper we prove that on the 3-series field H1 cannot be defined by means of the V-conjugation. In other words, the norms kfkH1 and k ˜ fkL1 are not equivalent in the case of the 3-series field. This gives a new proof to the result of Memić [7], which answers a question raised by P. Simon [13]. Also, we prove that the mean value of function f ∈ L1(G) on the coset IN−1(x) is dominated by either MN−1 or MN on some translated element.
COMMON FIXED POINTS OF A PAIR OF SELFMAPS SATISFYING CERTAIN WEAKLY CONTRACTIVE INEQUALITY INVOLVING RATIONAL TYPE EXPRESSIONS VIA TWO AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS IN PARTIALLY ORDERED METRIC SPACES
Authors: Babu Gutti Venkata Ravindranadh , Sarma Kandala Kanaka Mahalakshmi , Kirshna Padala Hari , Kumari Vallabhapurapu Asunee , Satyanarayana Gedala , Kumar Pathina Sudheer
Published: April 2018

In this paper, we prove the existence of coincidence and common fixed points of a pair of selfmaps satisfying certain weakly contractive inequality with two auxiliary functions involving rational type expressions in partially ordered metric spaces. These results extend some of the known existing results in the literature from a single selfmap to a pair of selfmaps. Examples are provided in support of our results.
EXISTENCE OF N(k)-QUASI EINSTEIN MANIFOLDS
Authors: Chaubey Sudhakar Kumar
Published: April 2018

The aim of the present paper is to study the properties of pseudo Ricci symmetricquasi Einstein and N(k)-quasi Einstein manifolds. We construct some examples ofN(k)-quasi Einstein manifolds which support the existence of such manifolds.
THE GENERALIZED NON-ABSOLUTE TYPE OF TRIPLE Γ3 SEQUENCE SPACES DEFINED MUSIELAK-ORLICZ FUNCTION
Authors: Debnath Shyamal , Subramanian Nagarajan
Published: April 2018

In this paper we introduce the notion of λmnk - Γ3 and Λ3 sequences. Further, we introduce the spaces hΓ3 fλ; k(d (x1; 0) ; d (x2; 0) ; · · · ; d (xn-1; 0))kpiand hΛ3 fλ; k(d (x1; 0) ; d (x2; 0) ; · · · ; d (xn-1; 0))kpi ; which are of nonabsolute type and we prove that these spaces are linearly isomorphicto the spaces Γ3 and Λ3; respectively. Moreover, we establish someinclusion relations between these spaces.
EXISTENCE OF SOLUTIONS FOR NONLINEAR IMPULSIVE DYNAMIC EQUATIONS ON A TIME SCALE
Authors: Ardjouni Abdelouaheb , Djoudi Ahcene
Published: April 2018

Let T be a time scale such that 0,t_{i},T∈T, i=1,2,…,n, and 0<t_{i}<t_{i+1}. Assume each t_{i} is dense. Using a fixed point theorem due to Krasnoselskii-Burton, we show that the nonlinear impulsive dynamic equation    {┊y^{Δ}(t)=-a(t)h(y^{σ}(t))+f(t,y(t)), t∈(0,T],y(0)=0,y(t_{i}⁺)=y(t_{i}⁻)+I(t_{i},y(t_{i})), i=1,2,…,n,where y(t_{i}^{±})=lim_{t→t_{i}^{±}}y(t), and y^{Δ} is the Δ-derivative on T, has a solution.
Optimization of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Using P&O-Fuzzy and IC-Fuzzy Algorithms on Photovoltaic
Authors: Pratama Rido Octa , Effendy Machmud , Zulfatman Zulfatman
Published: April 2018

Solar energy is energy which can be harnessed conveniently and free. However, its conversion result may not be easily obtained. Based on the previous research, solar power plant is a source of renewable energy, utilizing solar energy. Solar power plant converts solar energy into electricity using Photovoltaic (PV) or solar cells. Even though solar power plant is considered as better energy alternative, it presents problems and weaknesses. In this case, the problems are related to insufficient power generation with low power efficiency, high oscillation and very slow power tracking. Hence, in order to solve these problems, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) has been utilized. Combination method of P&O-fuzzy and IC-fuzzy is employed to its design. Moreover, combined algorithm may result better power from conventional algorithm due to appropriate performance of duty cycle according to system design, with efficiency result of 79%-85.6%, tracking in searching output power of 0,0055s - 0,008s, low oscillation and maximum power generated by combined algorithm of 1028 watt.
Proses Pembuatan Kertas Dari Kombinasi Limbah Ampas Tebu dan Sekam Padi Dengan Proses Soda
Authors: Ristianingsih Yuli
Published: April 2018

Salah satu limbah yang dapat diolah menjadi bahan baku alternatif pembuatan kertas adalah sekam padi dan ampas tebu. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh komposisi bahan baku (sekam padi dan ampas tebu) terhadap yield pulp yang dihasilkan dan mengetahui karakteristik kertas kombinasi antara sekam padi dan ampas tebu menggunakan proses soda berdasarkan uji SEM dan XRD. Penelitian ini menggunakan proses soda karena cocok untuk bahan baku non wood, biaya operasi murah dan tidak menggunakan senyawa sulfur. Bahan baku kering yang dicampur dengan NaOH dimasak menggunakan autoclave (120°C, 1 atm) selama 60 menit. Pencampuran bahan baku dilakukan pada perbandingan ampas tebu dan sekam padi yaitu 1:3; 1:2; 1:1; 2:1 dan 3:1. Pulp diberi pemutih NaClO 5,25% (v/v), kemudian dicetak dan dikeringkan sebagai produk kertas. Yield pulp terendah diperoleh pada perbandingan 3:1 sebesar 33,48%. Berdasarkan observasi dari SEM diketahui serat sekam padi dan ampas tebu berukuran 5,88-9,8 µm dan 8,82-14,71 µm, sedangkan berdasarkan observasi XRD, chemical treatment dapat meningkatkan karakteristik peak intensity pada sekam padi sebesar 81,67% (selulosa I) dan 89,82% (selulosa II) dan untuk ampas tebu sebesar 75% (selulosa I) dan 67,91% (selulosa II).
Molar incisor hypomineralization in children with systemic diseases
Authors: Bodrumlu Ebru , Avşar Aysun
Published: April 2018

Introduction/Objective. Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is an important clinical problem, but its exact etiology is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate MIH in children with systemic diseases diagnosed before the age of four and assess whether systemic diseases are a risk factor for the development of MIH. Methods. A total of 394 children aged eight and older, who had been diagnosed with a systemic disease under the age of four were included in the study group. A total of 18 different systemic diseases were assessed. An additional 394 children with no systemic disease were included in the control group. All the children were evaluated for the presence of MIH. Results. The frequency of MIH in the study group and control group was found to be 28.93% and 23.60%, respectively (p < 0.05). Of all the systemic diseases evaluated in this study [nephrotic syndrome (OR = 1), congenital hypothyroid (OR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.22?4.10), and Wilms? tumor (OR = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.07?4.64)] were determined to be risk factors for the development of MIH. Conclusion. Wilms? tumor, congenital hypothyroid, and nephrotic syndrome may be considered to be risk factors for MIH.
Managerial Ability and the Accuracy of the Going Concern Opinion
Authors: Berglund Nathan R. , Herrmann Donald R. , Lawson Bradley P.
Published: April 2018

Current audit guidance directs the auditor to modify their opinion in the presence of significant doubt about their client's ability to continue as a going concern. This paper examines whether managerial ability influences the accuracy of auditors' going concern information signal. Following prior literature, we assess accuracy based on the subsequent viability of the client. We find that, while managerial ability decreases the risk of Type I errors (the auditor issues a going concern opinion for a firm that subsequently remains viable), managerial ability increases the risk of Type II errors (the auditor issues a standard unqualified report for a firm that subsequently files for bankruptcy). Considering prior research indicates that the auditor's opinion provides important information to the market, this finding has important public interest implications regarding the signaling of bankruptcy risk to investors and creditors by auditors' going concern opinion.
Una aproximación a las plazas actuales del Centro Histórico de San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas / The current squares of the Historical Center in San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, an approach
Authors: Gómez Coutiño José Francisco , Vázquez Novillo María José
Published: April 2018

Muchas de las plazas en las ciudades hispanoamericanas fueron creadas con base en la mezcla de las culturas prehispánica y española que dio lugar a un nuevo modelo urbano adaptado para cada una de estas ciudades[1]. El caso estudiado en este artículo es el de la ciudad de San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, la cual, por contar con un Centro Histórico protegido, ha conservado sin alteraciones significativas las plazas que la conforman —a diferencia de otras ciudades, donde la transformación en la composición de sus plazas propició el cambio de uso de estas. Este conjunto fue conformado inicialmente por medio de una plaza principal que se ubicó en el centro; y más tarde, cuando creció la ciudad, fue rodeada por otras plazas construidas en el núcleo de cada barrio. Por lo tanto, se llevó a cabo una recopilación de los datos históricos del surgimiento de estas y los cambios que las han llevado a su consolidación actual. Finalmente, con la información recabada, se elaboró una clasificación que engloba sus funciones y características.[1] Variación que se generaba a partir de la traza ya existente y a la topografía del lugar. El modelo resultó un intento para compatibilizar la tradición presente con la norma oficial  (Terán, 2002).
Ortaokul Matematik Ders Kitaplarında Yer Verilen Temsiller Arası İlişkilendirmeler
Authors: İNCİKABI Semahat , BİBER Abdullah Çağrı
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ortaokul matematik ders kitaplarındaki
kullanılan temsil türlerini belirlemek ve temsil türleri arasında yer verilen
ilişkilendirmeleri ortaya koymaktır.  Bu
araştırma nitel bir araştırma olup, ortaokul matematik ders kitaplarında yer
alan temsil türlerini analiz etmek için doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılarak
matematik ders kitapları, matematikte kullanılan sözel, cebirsel, model, tablo,
grafik ve gerçek yaşam temsilleri dikkate alınarak incelenmiştir.  Çalışmada MEB komisyonu tarafından
hazırlanmış ve 2015-2016 akademik yılında kullanımda olan ders kitaplarında yer
alan etkinlikler, çözümü kitapta verilen sorular ve çözülecek sorular analiz
edilmiştir. Verilerin kodlama sürecinde birbirinden bağımsız çalışan iki
araştırmacı yer almıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre ders kitaplarında yer
verilen temsiller arası geçiş en fazla cebirsel, sözel ve model temsiller ile
cebirsel, sözel, model ve açık temsiller arasında gerçekleşmiştir. Diğer ikili
eşleşmelerin oldukça düşük oranlarda kalması dikkat çekicidir.
The economic situation of Orthodox parishes in Krasnodar Territory in the 1950s
Authors:   Kuban State Technological University, Belikova Nаtаliа Yuryevna
Published: April 2018

The study described the religious life in Krasnodar Territory in the 1950s. In the above-mentioned period, there were the revival of church life and a surge in religiosity in the USSR society. This was evident in the citizens’ participation in the religious holidays and Orthodox rites. Baptism was the most popular ceremony; the religious wedding was less common rite. The statistics showed an increase in the number of believers. The economic power of the Orthodox Church was growing. The increased rate of incomes of the church parishes in Krasnodar Territory was presented. Most income was derived from the sale of religious objects and candles as well as voluntary donations. This research was based on the documents on the Authorized Council for the Russian Orthodox Church Affairs of the Council of Ministers of the USSR in Krasnodar Territory. In the late 1950s, the state changed its tax legislation in regard to the Russian Orthodox Church Affairs, thereby exerting financial pressure on the church to undermine its material base.
Machiavelli’s ethical standpoint and overcoming the Christian moral tradition in politics
Authors: Ruzhentsev Sergey Evgenievich ,   Voronezh State Medical University
Published: April 2018

The study reviews the ethical attitude of N. Machiavelli towards moral aspects in political activity that replaced the Christian tradition. He attempted to overcome abstract religious constraints in politics and justified a rational view on the moral foundations and political restrictions. Machiavelli considered the nature of values in political activity which had to depend on the prevailing conditions. Political morality had to be based on practical reason, and the contradiction between morality and politics had to be resolved through a common interest. Therefore, according to N. Machiavelli, policies had to be linked to society and social needs, which created the necessary moral standards. As a result, the moral search and the moral factor were removed beyond religion and explained in a rational way.
Tax credit as a tool of regional investment process regulation: international practice
Authors: Popova Evgeniya Mikhailovna ,   Baikal State University
Published: April 2018

State regulation of regional investment process is characterized by a wide set of tax tools among which a special place belongs to an investment tax credit. There is a strong demand for a tax credit abroad but it is not considered as a tax preference by Russian investors. It can be explained by the apparent contradiction between capital-intensive project which is a reason for getting a tax credit and few financial resources being generated as a result of not fulfilled tax liabilities on time. Simultaneously, the study of tax legislative and tax credit practice in the USA shows that extensive use of nonrefundable volume-based tax credits meets the main goal of this preference which is granting financial resources for investment.
Waiver of subjective right by silence (tacit waiver)
Authors: Gambaryan Artur Sirekanovich ,   Russian-Armenian (Slavonic) University,   Investigative Committee of  the Republic of Armenia
Published: April 2018

The study presents a number of issues related to the tacit waiver of subjective right; in particular, it provides a theoretical definition of the waiver of subjective right, discusses the attitude of the Supreme Courts (the Court of Cassation and the Constitutional Court) of the Republic of Armenia towards the tacit waiver of subjective right. In the author’s opinion, a waiver of subjective right means the state legal interference in the rights of a person based on his consent by silence when consent of a person is required for interference, however, the authorized body considers the absence (silence) of objection (disagreement) as assumed consent of a person to the act of interference. It is mentioned that, in general, it is inadmissible to consider the silence as consent to the interference in rights. Otherwise, the presentation of objection will turn into an obligation.
Legal status of a victim in criminal proceedings
Authors:   Saratov State Agrarian University, Tikhonov Alexey Konstantinovich
Published: April 2018

The paper analyzes the legal enshrinement of the rights and duties of a victim of a criminal offence in criminal proceedings. The research is based on comparative historical and state legal methods of cognition. Studies in the field of rights, freedoms, and legitimate interests of the individual demonstrate the need to radically reconsider the attitude towards a victim of a crime. International law, as well as the legal systems of many states, proceeds from the requirements to modify a single-minded focus on crime solution. In this case, a victim is not in the spotlight while all procedures and guarantees of legality, humanity, and objectivity are mainly referred to the suspect or the accused. In addition, the status of a victim is to be considered because of his low involvement in criminal proceedings. However, it is a victim who is strongly interested in exposing criminals and their just punishment in the vast majority of cases. Another shortcoming in the legal status of a victim is that almost all legal descriptions of the victim’s status neglect the attempts to commit a crime.
«Conferencias completas de Ramón del Valle-Inclán», de Javier Serrano Alonso
Authors: Díaz Navarro Epicteto
Published: April 2018

Reseña del libro Conferencias completas de Ramón del Valle-Inclán (Lugo, Editorial Axac, 2017), de Javier Serrano Alonso (ed.)
Investigation of Factors Affecting Field Selection of 11th Grade in High School Students
Authors: Bayraktar Yasin
Published: April 2018

In this study, the factors affecting the field selection process of the 11th grade high school students who have made the field selection, the awareness of their interests and abilities, whether they have done enough research in this process and their thoughts about the choice they made were investigated. The factors affecting the field selection of the students are investigated in terms of the following variables: 1-Interests and abilities, 2-The effect of the course success, 3-The expectation of family members, 4-Economic level, 5-Selection of the close friends, 6-Teacher guidance. This study was conducted with a "retrospective survey study model". In the study, the "Factors Affecting Field Selection (FAFS)" questionnaire developed by the researcher in accordance with the expert opinion was used as a data collection tool. The sample of the study consists of a total of 30 students, 12 of whom are girls and 18 of whom are boys, who have selected the field in the 11th grade in private and state high schools in Kocaeli, Istanbul and Manisa provinces. Research data were obtained by content analysis by making frequency and percentage calculations. In the survey, it was seen that the field selection was directly influenced by the future goals of the students, the courses they were successful, family expectations and their interests and skills. It was observed that the gender and age variables of the students did not make a significant difference on the results. In addition, it has been determined that the economic level of the students' families and the preferences of the closest friends do not have the effect that is expected in the field selection, but rather that the individual expectations have a guiding function.
La potestad autonormativa en relación con los estatutos del personal de los parlamentos autonómicos
Authors: Cano Silva Rafael
Published: April 2018

Los Estatutos del Personal de los Parlamentos autonómicos son normas administrativas parlamentarias aprobadas por cada cámara legislativa en virtud de su autonomía parlamentaria. No obstante, la autonomía parlamentaria de cada Parlamento autonómico no dispone de la misma competencia normativa a estos efectos. Se estudia en este artículo, como a pesar de contar con la Constitución como elemento común, es fundamental la atribución especial con la que cuenta cada Cámara autonómica y que la jurisprudencia, tanto del Tribunal Constitucional, como la del Tribunal Supremo, ha puesto en valor; cuestión que se recoge en el epígrafe relativo a la jurisprudencia. En conclusión, la organización burocrática, en lo que se refiere a los medios personales, podrá ser sustancialmente diferente en las distintas Asambleas Legislativas, tal como se analiza en las conclusiones de este estudio.
Límites del principio de estabilidad presupuestaria respecto de la autonomía financiera de las Comunidades Autónomas españolas
Authors: Ciaralli Carlo Alberto
Published: April 2018

España, en el año 2011, modificó el artículo 135 de su Constitución para introducir el principio de Estabilidad Presupuestaria y un intenso control sobre los presupuestos de todas las Administraciones Públicas nacionales, incluidas, en particular, las Comunidades Autónomas, para garantizar las finanzas nacionales y, también, para limitar el gasto público y el déficit estructural. La reforma constitucional ha producido una fuerte centralización del marco normativo en tema de gasto y presupuesto, un renovado papel desempeñado por parte del Estado en función de «control» sobre la autonomía financiera autonómica y la compresión de dicha autonomía financiera, cerrada entre las estrictas normas constitucionales (y su desarrollo posterior mediante una Ley Orgánica) y el control ejercitado por parte del Estado central.
The Protection of Human Rights in Indonesian Constitutional Law after the Amendment of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia
Authors: Tibaka Leli , Rosdian Rosdian
Published: April 2018

The amendment to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia has shown progress in respecting, protecting and fulfilling human rights in Indonesia. It is proven from the advanced provisions that have set the human rights material, starting from the affirmation of fundamental rights, individual rights, social rights, solidarity rights, and even the assertion of rights included in the category of not-derogable rights in the Second Amendment to the 1945 Constitution. The urgency of the Constitution 1945 as written constitution due to its status as the ultimate instrument to determine a norm (law), action or government policy, so it will not violate human rights and constitutional rights of the citizens. Thus, the Constitution is an important instrument in term of guaranty and ensuring that human rights within the Republic of Indonesia are protected, even though the source of human rights is not actually derived from the State but naturally originated from natural law, whether its universal validity is either affirmed or not in the Constitution. It shows progress in the level of regulation and protection of human rights in Indonesia.Related to the guarantee of the protection of human rights, one of the important material of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia is the presence of a new judicial institution called the Constitutional Court, in addition to the Supreme Court. The existence of the Constitutional Court in Indonesia is an improvement in maintaining and upholding the Constitution and protecting human rights. Hence, the Constitutional Court referred to as “the Protector of Human Rights.” Protection of human rights is carried out through the exercise of authority as defined in Article 24C Paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution which is to review an Act against the Constitution, to judge on authority disputes of state institutions whose authorities are granted by the Constitution, to judge on the dissolution of a political party, and to judge on disputes regarding the result of a general election. Also, Article 24C Paragraph (2) obliges the Constitutional Court to render a judgment on the petition of the People’s Representative Council regarding an alleged violation by the President and the Vice President according to the Constitution. Keywords: Human Rights, Constitutional Law, Amendment to the Constitution.