bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy performance evaluation of a photovoltaic thermal phase change material (PVT-PCM) using a spiral flow configuration
Authors: Aziz Muhammad Syazwan Bin , Ibrahim Adnan , Ishak Muhammad Amir Aziat Bin
Published: August 2023

A relatively new technology, a hybrid photovoltaic thermal (PVT) solar collector, allows for producing electrical and thermal energy.  However, the module heats up more when exposed to sunlight thanks to the PVT collector's incorporation, reducing its efficiency.  Consequently, lowering the operating temperature is crucial for maximizing the system's effectiveness.  This research aims to create a photovoltaic thermal phase change material (PVT-PCM) solar collector and evaluate its energy performance through a controlled laboratory environment.  Two different PVT collector designs, one using water and the other using a phase change material (PCM), were evaluated using a spiral flow configuration.  Under a sun simulator, the PVT solar collector was subjected to 400 W/m2, 600 W/m2, and 800 W/m2 of solar irradiation at three different mass flow rates.  The results showed that under 800 W/m2 of solar irradiation and 0.033 kg/s mass flow rate, the collector using water could only reach an overall maximum efficiency of 64.34 %, whereas the PVT-PCM configuration with spiral flow had the maximum performance, with an overall efficiency of 67.63%.
BMP Inhibition in the Presence of LIF Differentiates Murine Embryonic Stem Cells to Early Neural Stem Cells
Authors: Pisal R. V. , Mokrý Jaroslav
Published: August 2023

Early mouse neural stem cells (NSCs) first appear in embryonic day E5.5 and express pluripotency markers Oct4, Sox2, Nanog and early neural marker Sox1. Early NSCs are a good model for understanding the role of various pathways that control initial neural commitment. However, a protocol for differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into early NSCs by adherent monolayer culture has not yet been established. Hence, in this study, we identified the combination of growth factors and small molecules that differentiated mouse ESCs into early NSCs and supported their proliferation. Leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) was the first factor to be tested and it was found that ESCs can differentiate into early neurogenic lineage in the presence of LIF. However, we found that the induction is weaker in the presence of LIF as compared to cells differentiated in its absence. GSK-3 inhibitor, along with BMP and TGF-β pathway inhibitor (dual SMAD inhibition), are commonly used to sequentially direct ESCs towards NSCs. However, when we used this combination, mouse ESCs failed to differentiate into early NSCs. We observed that by adding Wnt inhibitor to the combination of GSK-3 inhibitor, BMP inhibitor, TGF-β inhibitor and LIF, it was possible to differentiate ESCs into early NSCs. qRT-PCR analysis of early NSCs illustrated that they expressed key pluripotency genes Oct4 and Nanog, albeit at levels lower than non-differentiated ESCs, along with early neural markers Sox1 and Pax6.
How to Talk about the Loss of Maternal Love: The Case of Tereza Boučková’s Novel The Year of the Rooster
Authors: Filipowicz Marcin
Published: August 2023

The aim of this article is to explore the way in which the literary voice expressing the experience of the loss of maternal love can be constructed. In the Western cultural mainstream, the notion of the sanctity of the mother-child bond strongly prevails, which results in the normative expectation of mothers to identify entirely with the maternal role. Deliberations are based on the analysis of the autobiographical novel Rok kohouta by Czech writer Tereza Boučková. The article tries to answer the question whether providing testimony about such a painful experience is more difficult, or perhaps easier, in the case of adoptive mothers
Structural Organization of Perisomatic Inhibition in the Mouse Medial Prefrontal Cortex
Authors: Nagy-Pál Petra , Veres Judit M. , Fekete Zsuzsanna , Karlócai Mária R. , Weisz Filippo , Barabás Bence , Reéb Zsófia , Hájos Norbert
Published: August 2023

Perisomatic inhibition profoundly controls neural function. However, the structural organization of inhibitory circuits giving rise to the perisomatic inhibition in the higher-order cortices is not completely known. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of those GABAergic cells in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) that provide inputs onto the somata and proximal dendrites of pyramidal neurons. Our results show that most GABAergic axonal varicosities contacting the perisomatic region of superficial (layer 2/3) and deep (layer 5) pyramidal cells express parvalbumin (PV) or cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1). Further, we found that the ratio of PV/CB1 GABAergic inputs is larger on the somatic membrane surface of pyramidal tract neurons in comparison with those projecting to the contralateral hemisphere. Our morphologic analysis ofin vitrolabeled PV+ basket cells (PVBC) and CCK/CB1+ basket cells (CCKBC) revealed differences in many features. PVBC dendrites and axons arborized preferentially within the layer where their soma was located. In contrast, the axons of CCKBCs expanded throughout layers, although their dendrites were found preferentially either in superficial or deep layers. Finally, using anterograde trans-synaptic tracing we observed that PVBCs are preferentially innervated by thalamic and basal amygdala afferents in layers 5a and 5b, respectively. Thus, our results suggest that PVBCs can control the local circuit operation in a layer-specific manner via their characteristic arborization, whereas CCKBCs rather provide cross-layer inhibition in the mPFC.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTInhibitory cells in cortical circuits are crucial for the precise control of local network activity. Nevertheless, in higher-order cortical areas that are involved in cognitive functions like decision-making, working memory, and cognitive flexibility, the structural organization of inhibitory cell circuits is not completely understood. In this study we show that perisomatic inhibitory control of excitatory cells in the medial prefrontal cortex is performed by two types of basket cells endowed with different morphologic properties that provide inhibitory inputs with distinct layer specificity on cells projecting to disparate areas. Revealing this difference in innervation strategy of the two basket cell types is a key step toward understanding how they fulfill their distinct roles in cortical network operations.
Layered Logic
Authors: Shen Gordon C. , Martelli Peter F. , N. Deresse Fekadu
Published: August 2023

Organizations instantiate multiple institutional logics, which operate in a nested fashion across levels of analysis. A demand on organizations in the Global South from aid donors is to adopt new management systems. Management systems like kaizen, a Japanese business philosophy of continuous improvement, have an inherent logic. Kaizen’s adoption in Ethiopia, a postsocialist state, can be rendered ceremonial if its logic is not fully instantiated along with prevailing logics within recipient organizations. Our examination of the Ethiopian Sugar Corporation is an application of Besharov and Smith’s 2014 framework. We assume there is a high degree of centrality in this state-owned enterprise, because any managerial logic absorbed would have to adhere to the state logic. We conducted interviews, supplemented by archival data review, to illustrate what actors do to improve compatibility with state logic. Our findings suggest three institutional logics were instantiated, in order: the macro logic of developmental authoritarianism; micro logics of production order and social control; and the meso logic of knowledge brokerage. We propose the concept of layered logic, or ordering of institutional logics, each serving a distinct purpose yet fitted with the others.
Becoming A Market Participant
Authors: Li Shumeng
Published: August 2023

Drawing on the frameworks of moral economy and relational sociology, this article examines how small farmers have developed different dispositions toward risk calculation during the market transition in China. Using interview data and ethnographic observation from a village in northeast China, I show that monocropping farmers tend to view and manage risks differently from diversified farmers. Monocroppers, who rely on state procurement along with migrant work, have developed a personal-relationship-oriented style of risk calculation that avoids unfamiliar connections and prioritizes kinship ties in their economic lives. Diversified farmers have adopted market-cycle-oriented risk calculation due to their experience of boom-and-bust cycles. I find that individuals’ market dispositions are shaped by their lived experience of the immediate environment and have far-reaching effects on actors’ capacity to participate in markets.
TOR‐mediated Ypt1 phosphorylation regulates autophagy initiation complex assembly
Authors: Yao Weijing , Chen Yuting , Chen Yingcong , Zhao Pengwei , Liu Jing , Zhang Yi , Jiang Qiang , Wu Choufei , Xie Yu , Fan Siyu , Ye Miao , Wang Yigang , Feng Yuyao , Bai Xue , Fan Mingzhu , Feng Shan , Wang Juan , Cui Yixian , Xia Hongguang , Ma Cheng , Xie Zhiping , Zhang Liqin , Sun Qiming , Liu Wei , Yi Cong
Published: August 2023

The regulation of autophagy initiation is a key step in autophagosome biogenesis. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the stepwise assembly of ATG proteins during this process remains incomplete. The Rab GTPase Ypt1/Rab1 is recognized as an essential autophagy regulator. Here, we identify Atg23 and Atg17 as binding partners of Ypt1, with their direct interaction proving crucial for the stepwise assembly of autophagy initiation complexes. Disruption of Ypt1‐Atg23 binding results in significantly reduced Atg9 interactions with Atg11, Atg13, and Atg17, thus preventing the recruitment of Atg9 vesicles to the phagophore assembly site (PAS). Likewise, Ypt1‐Atg17 binding contributes to the PAS recruitment of Ypt1 and Atg1. Importantly, we found that Ypt1 is phosphorylated by TOR at the Ser174 residue. Converting this residue to alanine blocks Ypt1 phosphorylation by TOR and enhances autophagy. Conversely, the Ypt1S174D phosphorylation mimic impairs both PAS recruitment and activation of Atg1, thus inhibiting subsequent autophagy. Thus, we propose TOR‐mediated Ypt1 as a multifunctional assembly factor that controls autophagy initiation via its regulation of the stepwise assembly of ATG proteins.
M‐CSF directs myeloid and NK cell differentiation to protect from CMV after hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Kandalla Prashanth K , Subburayalu Julien , Cocita Clément , de Laval Bérengère , Tomasello Elena , Iacono Johanna , Nitsche Jessica , Canali Maria M , Cathou Wilfried , Bessou Gilles , Mossadegh‐Keller Noushin , Huber Caroline , Mouchiroud Guy , Bourette Roland P , Grasset Marie‐France , Bornhäuser Martin , Sarrazin Sandrine , Dalod Marc , Sieweke Michael H
Published: August 2023

Therapies reconstituting autologous antiviral immunocompetence may represent an important prophylaxis and treatment for immunosuppressed individuals. Following hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), patients are susceptible to Herpesviridae including cytomegalovirus (CMV). We show in a murine model of HCT that macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (M‐CSF) promoted rapid antiviral activity and protection from viremia caused by murine CMV. M‐CSF given at transplantation stimulated sequential myeloid and natural killer (NK) cell differentiation culminating in increased NK cell numbers, production of granzyme B and interferon‐γ. This depended upon M‐CSF‐induced myelopoiesis leading to IL15Rα‐mediated presentation of IL‐15 on monocytes, augmented by type I interferons from plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Demonstrating relevance to human HCT, M‐CSF induced myelomonocytic IL15Rα expression and numbers of functional NK cells in G‐CSF‐mobilized hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Together, M‐CSF‐induced myelopoiesis triggered an integrated differentiation of myeloid and NK cells to protect HCT recipients from CMV. Thus, our results identify a rationale for the therapeutic use of M‐CSF to rapidly reconstitute antiviral activity in immunocompromised individuals, which may provide a general paradigm to boost innate antiviral immunocompetence using host‐directed therapies.
SLAM‐Drop‐seq reveals mRNA kinetic rates throughout the cell cycle
Authors: Liu Haiyue , Arsiè Roberto , Schwabe Daniel , Schilling Marcel , Minia Igor , Alles Jonathan , Boltengagen Anastasiya , Kocks Christine , Falcke Martin , Friedman Nir , Landthaler Markus , Rajewsky Nikolaus
Published: August 2023

RNA abundance is tightly regulated in eukaryotic cells by modulating the kinetic rates of RNA production, processing, and degradation. To date, little is known about time‐dependent kinetic rates during dynamic processes. Here, we present SLAM‐Drop‐seq, a method that combines RNA metabolic labeling and alkylation of modified nucleotides in methanol‐fixed cells with droplet‐based sequencing to detect newly synthesized and preexisting mRNAs in single cells. As a first application, we sequenced 7280 HEK293 cells and calculated gene‐specific kinetic rates during the cell cycle using the novel package Eskrate. Of the 377 robust‐cycling genes that we identified, only a minor fraction is regulated solely by either dynamic transcription or degradation (6 and 4%, respectively). By contrast, the vast majority (89%) exhibit dynamically regulated transcription and degradation rates during the cell cycle. Our study thus shows that temporally regulated mRNA degradation is fundamental for the correct expression of a majority of cycling genes. SLAM‐Drop‐seq, combined with Eskrate, is a powerful approach to understanding the underlying mRNA kinetics of single‐cell gene expression dynamics in continuous biological processes.
Sociocultural Competence Development as Prerequisite for Future Public Administration Specialists’ Becoming
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Balan Oleksandr , Shepel Maryna ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Tsekhmistrenko Lev ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University
Published: August 2023

The article deals with sociocultural competence development as prerequisite of future civil servants’ becoming in the process of learning a foreign language. The aim of the article was to define the role of sociocultural competence in the process of future public administration specialists’ professional training. The authors of the article have made the analysis of domestic and foreign resources devoted to the issues of sociocultural competence, professional ethics, business speech etiquette, teaching foreign languages at non-linguistic universities, future professionals’ becoming. The authors give their own notion to the concepts "sociocultural competence", "business speech etiquette". The model for public administration specialists’ sociocultural competence development both offline and online are proposed.
Characteristics of sustainable development spheres for business entities
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kharchuk Viktoriya
Published: August 2023

The issues of adaptation the sustainable development ideas by economic entities is one of the most important challenges nowadays. Especially sharply, the given problematic is traced at a choice of directions for practical initiatives application by the organization, in the direction of maintenance of such a development. Given this, the article analyzes the scientific results on outlining the sustainable development elements, which define directions and aspects of the enterprise, where initiatives for such development can be implemented. Based on the author's method five areas of sustainable development were identified – economic, social, environmental, management and culture, taking into account both the results of scientific research, existing international standards, and the practice of domestic enterprises in reporting on such a development. The characteristic of each of the highlighted spheres and corresponding elements is given. The results will be of interest both to scientists conducting research on the implementation of the concept of sustainable development at the level of organizations, and business practitioners, in the direction of improving corporate social responsibility and support the conduct of responsible business in general.
Essence and Significance of Urgent Tools of Crisis Management of Enterprises
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Yurynets Oksana
Published: August 2023

This article considers the conceptual and categorical apparatus on the problem of formation and use of Urgent anti-crisis management tools at enterprises. These tools have been proposed to treat as methods of immediate (urgent) action, which are aimed at removing or reducing the negative effects of crisis phenomena on the economic condition of the enterprise and to ensure its further effective development. The article singles out a number of characteristic features of the mentioned instruments that make it possible to concretize their essence. The paper reflects the relationship of urgent crisis management tools with the concept of crisis, and also reveals the value of these tools in the management of enterprises.
Diagnosis of Investment Support of Regions of Ukraine
Authors:   Lutsk National Technical University, Pohulyayko Yuriy
Published: August 2023

On the basis of a systematic approach, a meaningful analysis of the volume of capital investments in the context of the regions of Ukraine was carried out and the importance of increasing investment support for the territories that underwent decentralization changes was determined. The analysis of the sources of financial support for capital investments in the regions of Ukraine is carried out and it is shown that their overwhelming share is the own funds of enterprises and organizations, and in second place in terms of their share in the sources of financing of real investments are funds from local budgets. The analysis of own funds of enterprises and organizations in the sources of financing of capital investments in the regions of Ukraine was carried out. As a result of diagnostics of investment support of development of regions of Ukraine, the main factors of influence on this process are revealed.
Functional directions of development of the system of investment attraction in the economy of the regions of Ukraine
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Dobrianskа Natalia , Torishnya Lyudmila ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Pulcha Dmitry ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University
Published: August 2023

The article considers foreign investment as one of the most important factors of economic development of the country. To solve the tasks in the article the following research methods are used: analysis and synthesis, system approach, systematization and generalization. The theoretical and methodological basis of this research is the economic works of domestic and foreign authors. The factors that shape the investment climate are systematized. Priority areas for attracting investments with the greatest potential for future development have been identified. Measures to improve the investment image of the state are proposed. The main objectives of further research in the field of attracting foreign investment are to improve the regulatory framework and create a risk insurance mechanism for foreign investors.
Minimization risk in industrial production and selection optimal decision
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Zakharchenko Vitaliy , Savenko Vladislav ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University
Published: August 2023

The use of a simulation tool based on the Monte Carlo method is proposed; the development of a scenario approach to the analysis of risks is proposed. Simulation modeling is proposed to be composed in three stages: construction of a mathematical model, implementation of simulation, analysis of results. Based on statistical data and expert assessments, the law of distribution of the components of the innovation and investment project was selected. At the stage of building the model, risks are selected - variables based on the rating of elasticity and the assessment of the variable, predicted from the available statistical data and expert information. Simulation is carried out using a computer program. On the basis of simulation experiments, it is repeated, with a given level of accuracy, the law of propagation of the resulting parameter is selected and its main parameters are calculated: mathematical expectation, variance, standard deviation. An important measure of the integral riskiness of a project is the index of expected costs and the likelihood of an ineffective project being implemented.
Approaches to the development and implementation of a strategy for personnel management in the civil service
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Kulinska Anzhela
Published: August 2023

Based on the analysis an important conclusion follows that the rapid development of market relations requires from enterprises new approaches and effective methods of public service management, which are able to ensure competitiveness, quick response and adaptation to the changing external environment, as well as the economic or social development of the organization in the long-term period of operation. In this regard the article formulates approaches to the development and implementation of a strategy for personnel management in the civil service as a practical relationship of strategic decisions on the activities of an enterprise with a personnel management system, since it is employees who are simultaneously organizers and executors of all work. Therefore, the strategy acting as one of the most important functional strategies of the enterprise, allows to ensure the formation and use of labor potential in accordance with changes in the economic conditions, recruitment and formation of the necessary categories of personnel, training of personnel for relevant professional activities, proper assessment and development of personnel, constant monitoring of safety, social security of personnel in service. Achievement of these goals is possible only under the condition of a clearly planned and developed strategy, which is the basis for the strategic management of the activities of each organization.
BALANCING SPINDLES WITH TOOLS FOR FINISHING AND BORING MACHINES
Authors:   Odessа Polytechnic National University, Oborskyi H. , Orgiyan A. ,   Odessа Polytechnic National University, Balaniuk A. ,   Odessа Polytechnic National University
Published: August 2023

Finishing and boring machines are used in serial and mass production for processing parts of various shapes and deformation properties, namely liners, connecting rods, pistons, flanges, couplings, as well as body parts such as crankcases, blocks, cylinders, etc. Bridges are installed on the bed of horizontal boring machines, on which spindle units are fixed. The decisive influence on the accuracy of processing is exerted by the parameters of the spindle assembly with the tool and the fixture with the part. The use of modern tool materials makes it necessary to increase the speed of spindle units up to 8...10 thousand rpm when machining holes with a diameter of 16...40 mm. The paper investigates the anisotropy of the rigidity of the elastic system of the machine tool, which leads to deviations from the specified depth of cut under the action of forces rotating together with the cutter. In experiments, the influence of the anisotropy of radial compliance on the processing errors was studied. The dependence of the determination of additional centrifugal force, which provides a minimum of deviations from roundness, is obtained. To ensure a minimum deviation from roundness, the developed technique allows you to perform only three borings. Note that the fulfillment of the requirements for the shape of the cross section in the absence of imbalance is established after the first boring. According to the developed method, the values of centrifugal forces are assigned, given by the mass of the load fixed on the flange of the boring bar or on the pulley. The measured values of deviations from the roundness and roughness of the surfaces of the machined holes confirm the calculated estimates. It has been established that only for heads of the first size (universal diamond-boring UDB-1) the maximum unbalance is close in order of magnitude to the allowable one. Therefore, spindle balancing should be carried out for heads designed to operate at speeds close to the maximum.
MODELLING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE HEAT PUMP SYSTEM WITH TANK ACCUMULATOR FOR PERMANENT AND INTERMITTENT HEATING MODES OF THE PUBLIC BUILDINGS
Authors:   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Denysova A. , Zhaivoron O. ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University
Published: August 2023

The paper considers mathematical modeling the efficiency of the combined heat pump systems with thermal energy storage for intermittent heating of the public buildings. The abilities of the combined heat pump system working with traditional heating system with the account of climate data values when the position of the bivalent point on the temperature axis affects at the amount of heat energy supplied from the reserved generator of heat are analyzed. Numerical modeling of processes in the combined intermittent heating system was carried out. The proposed methodology of the analysis may serve as a rational approach to further development the heat pump technologies of intermittent heating. Evaluation of the effectiveness of work modes the intermittent heating system from the operating modes of heat consumers are carried out. The proposed methodology contributes to energy efficiency of the heat pump systems with tank accumulators with the ac-count of operating modes of heat consumers. Simulation results include coefficient of performance and heating capacity. The periods of operation when the values of the coefficient of performance were very high were revealed. Analysis of the results of numerical modeling shows that for heat pump systems with heat accumulators, the load curve of heat generators is equalized, which leads to uniform operation of the heat source. The design of technical details of the heat pump was optimized with the energy balance which is well suited for the analysis of work modes of the heat pump integrated with thermal energy storage. The rational length of intermittent heating periods when the heat pump operates with heat accumulator, duration of successive heating mode and stand-by mode with charging the heat accumulator which have positive influence on energy efficiency are considered, consequently. According to the results, additional novel-ty aspect allows to optimize the technical details and work modes of the combined heat pump system at renewable sources shares to have continuous improvement of its energy efficiency. The mathematical model validated with experimental results can be employed for investigation the feasibility of integrating the tank accumulator into heat pump heating systems using renewable sources of energy.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AN UNLOADING ORTHOSIS OF THE KNEE JOINT BASED ON INDIRECT INDICATORS AND SURFACE ELECTROMYOGRAPHY DATA
Authors:   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Kovban S. , Verbytska P. ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Prokopovych P. ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Sydorenko I. ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Prokopovich I. ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University
Published: August 2023

One of the urgent tasks in the process of creating biomechanical devices, namely unloading orthoses, is to determine their effectiveness. The paper presents the results of a study of muscle fatigue of the hip synergists during isotonic contractions when performing squats both with and without the use of a knee joint unloading orthosis. In addition to determining indirect indicators that determine peripheral muscle fatigue, namely the number of squats performed and the speed of their implementation, another effective method for studying the progression of muscle fatigue, the method of surface electromyography, was used in the work. The data obtained in field experiments for both indirect indicators and surface electromyography recordings were processed by calculating the root mean square value, which made it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of the knee joint unloading orthosis using a regression statistical model. The coefficient of absolute slope of the linear regression, built on the basis of experimental data, was chosen as the criterion for evaluating the effectiveness. Surface electromyography data were recorded using the iiitech electromyographic reading module and processed using the Spike Recorder software package supplied with the module. Statistical processing of research results and calculations of linear regression coefficients were carried out using the MS Excel package. The analysis of the results obtained indicates the effectiveness of the use of the orthosis involved in the experiments, the use of which makes it possible to delay the decrease in the production strength of active muscle fibers and leads to a slower onset of peripheral muscle fatigue.
Examination of the Relationship Between the Reaction Time, Competition Result With the Competition Hour in the World Indoor Championships (2006-2022): 60 Meters
Authors: SATILMIŞ Nuray , TAŞDEMİR Bülent , BAYRAKTAR Işık , BAYRAKDAR Akan
Published: August 2023

The relationship between the reaction time and the total running time of male (n=407) and female (n=345) athletes competing in the 60-meter wind sprint branch at the world indoor championships between 2006 and 2022 and the competition hour was examined in this study. Statistically significant and negative relationships were found between competition hour and athletes' reaction times, competition hour and athletes' competition result ratings in both genders (rho<0.040; p<0.05). When the subject is examined in terms of the stages of the competitions, no relationship was found for both genders in the final stage while the same relationships were preserved in the semi-final stage. At the qualification stage, a positive relationship was observed between the competition hour and the reaction time in both men (rho=0.25) and women (rho=0.22). In particular, it will be important that the competition time zones in the qualification stage are in similar circadian zones so as not to create a disadvantage among the athletes, and that the competition programs should be prepared by taking the performance-limiting and performance-supporting time zones into account.
Examination of the Correlation Between the Happiness and Psychological Well-Being Levels of the Exercisers(Diyarbakır Province)
Authors: ATEŞ Nurdan
Published: August 2023

In this study, it is aimed to determine the relationship between these two variables by examining the happiness and psychological well-being levels of individuals who exercise in terms of different variables. The sample group of the research consists of 232 individuals, 159 women and 73 men, who exercise in the sports centers in Diyarbakir. Oxford Happiness Scale and Psychological Well-Being Scale were used as data collection tools. Parametric tests were applied due to the normal distribution of the data. Post-Hoc tests were used to determine the direction of the difference. In addition, Pearson Correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between happiness and psychological well-being of individuals who exercise. The significance level was determined as .05. According to the findings obtained in the study, it was determined that the happiness and psychological well-being levels of the individuals who exercised were above the medium level. It has been observed that the happiness and psychological well-being levels of the individuals who exercise do not differ according to the age and gender variable. While a difference was observed in favor of those participating in social activities in the psychological well-being levels of individuals participating in social activities, no significant difference was observed in terms of happiness levels. Among the self-defining situations of individuals who exercise in daily life, it was observed that those who were peaceful were happier than those who were stressed, while those who were calm and peaceful had higher levels of psychological well-being than those who were stressed. As a result, it has been observed that there is a moderate, positive relationship between the happiness levels of the individuals who exercise and their psychological well-being levels.
Boredom and Addiction: An exploratory view at university students' digital game playing processes
Authors: ÖZ Nazlı Deniz , ARI Abdil
Published: August 2023

The concept of leisure time, which has attracted the attention of scientists from the past to the present, appears in many areas of life. In today's world, the busy pace of work, the epidemic process we are in and the many difficulties experienced once again emphasize the importance of effective use of time. At this point, individuals who cannot use their free time effectively and efficiently are likely to experience the perception of boredom with exposure to restrictions. The rapidly developing technology has brought with it many innovations such as computers and the internet, which have become an inseparable part of our lives. For this reason, technology, which has been developing rapidly in recent years, has brought many innovations such as computers and the internet, which have become an inseparable part of our lives. Thus, over time, a huge sector has been formed on the axis of digital games, and digital games continue to increase their popularity in the world with phenomena such as e-sports. In the process, digital games are developed to become more refined for the motivation of individuals to play digital games, increasing their addictive effects. In this direction, in our study, the relationship between our young people's perception of being bored in leisure time and digital game addiction, which is one of the valuable building blocks of the future, will be investigated.
Impact of Leadership Culture on Running an Educational Institution
Authors: Dawoud Tamara nije
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The main purpose of the current research paper is based on (a) the identification of the leadership culture in educational institutes and, (b) the investigation of the impact of such leadership culture on successfully running educational institutes. According to the developed research aim, the identified research question was based on making the searches regarding the factors that can leadership culture in the performing educational institute practices. Methods: For developing the answers to the established research topic, the current research uses the primary quantitative survey-based research design with the use of the questionnaire surveys that were distributed among the 100 higher management members in the educational institutes. These educational institutes were identified in the southwest of England, UK. Findings: The findings of the current research mainly indicate the fact that data-driven facts about leadership practices can have a positive impact on running educational institutions. It was further analysed from the developed research results that the culture shifts in the leadership practices of the educational institutions can be brought in when the stakeholders of the educational institutions mainly decided to support the leadership practices. Conclusion: In the end, the paper concludes that the leadership culture in educational institutes must be established in a manner that supports organisational growth in the long run. There are very limited studies which are been conducted on the established topic. Therefore, the current research also recommends that future research be conducted on the mentioned topic.
Phase portraits on the unit sphere of the stretch-twist-fold flow
Authors: Llibre Jaume , Valls Claudia
Published: August 2023

The so-called stretch-twist-fold flow consists in a Stokes flow depending on two parameters defined in a unit closed ball B that is associated with the motion of a fluid particle coming from the dynamo theory, and it models a mechanism for studying the magnetic field of the Earth and the Sun. Here for the first time, we classify all the local phase portraits of its equilibrium points, and we provide the global phase portraits on the 2-dimensional sphere of the boundary of the ball B.
The state in the post-war industrial recovery and economic renewal: historical parallels and approaches for Ukraine
Authors:   State Institution “Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine”, Salikhova Olena , Krehivskyi Oleh ,   Secretariat of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine
Published: August 2023

In 2022, Ukrainians are experiencing the most tragic events since the Second World War - the full-scale invasion of Russian troops into Ukraine has led to numerous casualties, the destruction of cities, and the disruption of infrastructure and industrial facilities. Since the first days of the war, the dependence on the industrial imports (primarily for military purposes) became obvious, as well as the fact that the ensuing socio-economic crisis cannot be overcome with domestic resources alone - both now and even after the end of the war. This prompts the search for mechanisms to ensure the stability and recovery of Ukraine's economy. The purpose of the article is to generalize the global experience of prioritizing the industry in the state policy of the leading countries of the world under the conditions of severe tests, to illustrate the implementation by the state of the functions speeding up economic recovery; and to propose conclusions and recommendations for Ukraine. The article shows the place of industry in the policy of recovery, gaining economic independence and increasing the country's power. Using historical examples, the authors demonstrated that during 300 years the state has influenced the industry through targeted political levers and institutional frameworks, generating the optimal results of measures aimed at restructuring to overcome the consequences of wars, epidemics and crises. It is substantiated that under the severe ordeals, the state has played a leading role in economic recovery, implementing a number of functions - administration and moderation, stimulation and catalysis, integration and cooperation, entrepreneurship and consumption, conservation and protection - to speed up the development of national industry as a source of the stabilization of employment, domestic and foreign investment, inflation, foreign trade and the financial sector, contributing to national social balance and well-being. The authors propose a conceptual approach to the functions of the state during post-war recovery of Ukraine's economy, ensuring economic stability and growth based on the national industry.
Science and innovation in Ukraine: approaches to policy making in times of war
Authors:   State Institution “Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine”, Gryga Vitalii , Ryzhkova Yuliia ,   State Institution “Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine”
Published: August 2023

The full-scale war started by Russia in Ukraine has caused many challenges to economic development, the overcoming of which is hard to be imagined without the research and innovation. Rebuilding R&I became another challenge for Ukrainian policymakers. Thus, the purpose of the paper is to analyze the R&I policy of Ukraine during the war caused by Russia and to develop policy recommendations for the postwar recovery. To achieve it, we used several methods, in particular expert opinion generalization, relevant scientific and policy literature analysis, and statistical analysis. The paper considers three approaches to innovation policy-making at crisis time: produce; procure; repurpose. Currently, Ukraine uses mainly the second one, by buying and receiving modern armament and equipment. Meanwhile, there were some innovative developments in Ukraine, which are not produced in sufficient quantities. After the war, Ukraine couldn’t buy armament due to fiscal constraints. Thus, in the short-run period, the government should reorient efforts toward repurposing of current developments. However, such an approach is not sustainable in the long-run period, when the development of a broader S&T base is required to create a solid base for further repurposing in emergency cases. The war caused massive damage to Ukrainian R&I potential, which by now is not fully measured and quantified. There are two types of damage: physical loss of research and innovation infrastructure (e.g. research facilities, and high-tech enterprises) and «brain drain», both of which should be the focus of R&I policymakers. Therefore, a set of policy measures is proposed to address the war-led challenges in R&I.
PHENOTYPES OF HEMIPARESIS DUE TO VARYING SEVERITY OF THE IMPAIRMENT OF THE CORTICOSPINAL INNERVATION
Authors:   Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Cherkasov S.Ye.
Published: August 2023

The impairment of motor functions after stroke has a polymorphic structure, in which a decrease in strength, impairment of selective control of movements, and the development of a spastic syndrome are most studied. With partial lesions of the primary motor cortex and impairment of corticospinal innervation, the recovery of motor control is supported by various processes of neuroplastic reorganization. Among humans, the influence of corticospinal innervation impairments on the functional state of motor control and the development of spasticity syndrome remains poorly understood. The aim of our work was to establish the phenotypes of the functional state of motor control with different severity of corticospinal innervation impairment among patients after an ischemic stroke. We found that when the corticospinal innervation is impaired on 32.9% [31.9-28.8] the control of the distal parts of the extremities and the synergies of the proximal parts are fractionated, and when on 92.9% [96-80.5] the control of the distal parts is lost and the number of synergies of proximal parts are decreases. With complete impairment of the corticospinal innervation, remains control of primitive synergies of only the proximal parts of the extremities. The development of spastic syndrome was higher in groups with increased segmental excitability, which was not directly related to the state of corticospinal innervation impairment. Thus, the phenotype of hemiparesis with an increase of the corticospinal innervation impairment is characterized by the dominance of a decrease of the strength of the distal parts of the extremities and an impairment of proximo-distal inter-joints coordination. Restoration of strength and control of the proximal parts of the extremities, axial muscles of the trunk and regulation of the muscles tone indicate the involvement of the alternative from the corticospinal, descending cortical and subcortical motor pathways.
THE HYPOTENSIVE ACTIVITY OF DIFERENT FRACTIONS OF THE EXTRACTS FROM TISSUE CULTURE BIOMASS OF RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA BENTH
Authors:   State Institution «Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Kyiv, Ukraine, Khromov O.S. , Dobrelia N.V. ,   State Institution «Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Kyiv, Ukraine, Parshikov O.V. ,   State Institution «Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Kyiv, Ukraine, Konvalyuk I.I. ,   Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of the NAS of Ukraine, Bieda O.A. ,   Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of the NAS of Ukraine,   Scientific service company “OTAVA” LLC, Kyiv, Ukraine, Mozhylevska L.P. ,   Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of the NAS of Ukraine, Yarmoluk S.M. ,   Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of the NAS of Ukraine, Soloviev A.I. ,   State Institution «Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Kyiv, Ukraine, Kunakh V.A. ,   Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: August 2023

Tissue culture of Rauwolfia serpentina is an alternative source of more than 20 indole alkaloids that have antiarrhythmic, hypotensive, psychotropic, and anti-inflammatory effects. The paper was aimed at determining the hypotensive activity of five fractions (containing different combinations of alkaloids) of the extracts from the biomass of R. serpentina tissue culture (K-27M line). To achieve this aim the following methods were used: in vitro plant tissue culture, HPLC analysis of indole alkaloids, assessment of the effects of fractions on the smooth muscle of the isolated rat thoracic aorta in vitro and on the blood pressure after intravenous administration in vivo. The five fractions of the extract from cell biomass of R. serpentina (K-27M line) were isolated from dried or live biomass and differed in both qualitative and quantitative compositions. The direction of action and the magnitude of the effect were found to depend on the percentage composition of alkaloids in the fraction. It was shown that fraction 1 containing ajmaline and acetylajmaline (total alkaloids content of 2.2%) and fraction 2 containing ajmaline, raucaffricine, and acetylajmaline (total alkaloids content of 6.4%) exerted vasoconstrictor effects on thoracic aorta muscles. Fraction 4 containing vomilenine, acetylajmaline, methylajmalicine, ajmalicine, and rauffloridine (total alkaloids content of 65%) and fraction 5 containing mainly acetylajmaline with lesser amounts of vomilenine, methylajmalicine, and ajmalicine (total alkaloids content of 47.4%) were found to have a relaxing activity in vitro. Intravenous administration of fractions 4 and 5 resulted in a short-time (15–30 s) hypotensia, with blood pressure drop by 25% to 30%. All the 5 fractions of the extracts from Rauwolfia serpentina K-27M line demonstrated either vasoconstrictor or relaxing effects depending on the alkaloids type and content.
TYPES OF CELL DEATH THAT OCCURRED DUE TO THE INFLUENCE OF ACTIVE FORMS OF OXYGEN AND DAMAGE TO DNA
Authors:   Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Velykyi, V. , Voznesenska T. ,   Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: August 2023

The purpose of the review was to find and analyze the literature on such types of cell death, which are realized due to DNA damage, namely, mitotic catastrophe; anoikis; pyroptosis; parthanatos and due to the influence of active forms of oxygen, namely mitoptosis; lysosome-dependent cell death; necrosis associated with increased mitochondrial permeability; necroptosis; netosis; ferroptosis. Apoptosis and autophagy, which are realized both due to the influence of reactive oxygen species and DNA damage, are considered separately.Cell death plays an important role in development, tissue homeostasis, inflammation, immunity, and many pathophysiological conditions. On the one hand, it becomes an etiological determinant in diseases associated with the irreversible loss of postmitotic tissues (for example, myocardial infarction, neurodegeneration). On the other hand, defects in the signaling cascades that trigger cell death are associated with pathologies characterized by uncontrolled expansion or accumulation of cells (eg, some autoimmune diseases, cancer). Therefore, cell death can be defined as a promising therapeutic target.