bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding how personality traits, experiences, and attitudes shape negative bias toward AI-generated artworks
Authors: Grassini Simone , Koivisto Mika
Published: February 2024

The study primarily aimed to understand whether individual factors could predict how people perceive and evaluate artworks that are perceived to be produced by AI. Additionally, the study attempted to investigate and confirm the existence of a negative bias toward AI-generated artworks and to reveal possible individual factors predicting such negative bias. A total of 201 participants completed a survey, rating images on liking, perceived positive emotion, and believed human or AI origin. The findings of the study showed that some individual characteristics as creative personal identity and openness to experience personality influence how people perceive the presented artworks in function of their believed source. Participants were unable to consistently distinguish between human and AI-created images. Furthermore, despite generally preferring the AI-generated artworks over human-made ones, the participants displayed a negative bias against AI-generated artworks when subjective perception of source attribution was considered, thus rating as less preferable the artworks perceived more as AI-generated, independently on their true source. Our findings hold potential value for comprehending the acceptability of products generated by AI technology.
Ultrasonic and conversion-based inline fouling measurements for continuous emulsion copolymerisation of vinyl acetate in a tubular reactor
Authors: Rust Sören , Osenberg Marco , Musch Thomas , Pauer Werner
Published: February 2024

One of the serious challenges for the implementation of continuous emulsion polymerisation is their significant fouling. The elucidation of time-dependent fouling processes and the development of inline analysis methods for fouling mass quantification are crucial to making progress in this area. Inline-sensor concepts based on ultrasonic measurements as well as residence time and conversion analysis were investigated regarding their suitability for the detection of time-dependent fouling formation and compared with gravimetrical results in order to validate their precision. Both a set-up using a turnover analysis for determination of losses in reaction volume by fouling and an ultrasound-based measurement system detecting deposit-caused changes by evaluating the average sound velocity could be used as suitable sensor concepts. The accuracies of both sensors are below 10% deviation to fouling references.
Combining independent component analysis and source localization for improving spatial sampling of stereoelectroencephalography in epilepsy
Authors: Medina Villalon Samuel , Makhalova Julia , López-Madrona Victor J. , Garnier Elodie , Badier Jean-Michel , Bartolomei Fabrice , Bénar Christian G.
Published: February 2024

Stereoelectroencephalography is a powerful intracerebral EEG recording method for the presurgical evaluation of epilepsy. It consists in implanting depth electrodes in the patient’s brain to record electrical activity and map the epileptogenic zone, which should be resected to render the patient seizure-free. Stereoelectroencephalography has high spatial accuracy and signal-to-noise ratio but remains limited in the coverage of the explored brain regions. Thus, the implantation might provide a suboptimal sampling of epileptogenic regions. We investigate the potential of improving a suboptimal stereoelectroencephalography recording by performing source localization on stereoelectroencephalography signals. We propose combining independent component analysis, connectivity measures to identify components of interest, and distributed source modelling. This approach was tested on two patients with two implantations each, the first failing to characterize the epileptogenic zone and the second giving a better diagnosis. We demonstrate that ictal and interictal source localization performed on the first stereoelectroencephalography recordings matches the findings of the second stereo-EEG exploration. Our findings suggest that independent component analysis followed by source localization on the topographies of interest is a promising method for retrieving the epileptogenic zone in case of suboptimal implantation.
An epidemiological study on early orthodontic treatment need among eastern Saudi Arabian children in the mixed dentition stage
Authors: Madiraju Guna Shekhar , Almugla Yousef Majed , Mohan Rohini , Alnasser Basil Mohammed
Published: February 2024

Estimation of early orthodontic treatment need among children is essential for planning orthodontic interventions in the mixed dentition stages thereby reducing the burden in a publicly funded healthcare system. The present study aimed to assess the early orthodontic treatment need among children with mixed dentition in the Eastern Saudi Arabia. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among Saudi children visiting the outpatient clinics in a University dental setting, and data were collected based on Index for preventive and interceptive orthodontic need (IPION). Descriptive statistics, chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used for data analysis with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. The category of ‘no treatment need’ accounted for 11.3% while ‘moderate treatment need’ and ‘definite treatment need’ categories accounted for 29.3% and 59.4% respectively. There was no statistical difference between males and females in the distribution of the three categories of treatment need (p = 0.513). This study demonstrated a very high need for early orthodontic treatment among Saudi children in the mixed dentition stage. Emphasis should be placed on increased awareness and benefits of seeking early orthodontic treatment involving preventive and interceptive procedures in the mixed dentition.
A bi-level framework for real-time crash risk forecasting using artificial intelligence-based video analytics
Authors: Hussain Fizza , Ali Yasir , Li Yuefeng , Haque Md Mazharul
Published: February 2024

This study proposes a bi-level framework for real-time crash risk forecasting (RTCF) for signalised intersections, leveraging the temporal dependency among crash risks of contiguous time slices. At the first level of RTCF, a non-stationary generalised extreme value (GEV) model is developed to estimate the rear-end crash risk in real time (i.e., at a signal cycle level). Artificial intelligence techniques, like YOLO and DeepSort were used to extract traffic conflicts and time-varying covariates from traffic movement videos at three signalised intersections in Queensland, Australia. The estimated crash frequency from the non-stationary GEV model is compared against the historical crashes for the study locations (serving as ground truth), and the results indicate a close match between the estimated and observed crashes. Notably, the estimated mean crashes lie within the confidence intervals of observed crashes, further demonstrating the accuracy of the extreme value model. At the second level of RTCF, the estimated signal cycle crash risk is fed to a recurrent neural network to predict the crash risk of the subsequent signal cycles. Results reveal that the model can reasonably estimate crash risk for the next 20–25 min. The RTCF framework provides new pathways for proactive safety management at signalised intersections.
Biofilm removal effect of diatom complex on 3D printed denture base resin
Authors: Choi Sung-sil , Lee Joo Hun , Kong Hyunjoon , Park Eun-Jin
Published: February 2024

For patients who have difficulty in mechanical cleaning of dental appliances, a denture cleaner that can remove biofilm with dense extracellular polymeric substances is needed. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of diatom complex with active micro-locomotion for removing biofilms from 3D printed dentures. The diatom complex, which is made by doping MnO2 nanosheets on diatom biosilica, is mixed with H2O2 to generate fine air bubbles continuously. Denture base resin specimens were 3D printed in a roof shape, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (107 CFU/mL) was cultured on those for biofilm formation. Cleaning solutions of phosphate-buffered saline (negative control, NC), 3% H2O2 with peracetic acid (positive control, PC), denture cleanser tablet (DCT), 3% H2O2 with 2 mg/mL diatom complex M (Melosira, DM), 3% H2O2 with 2 mg/mL diatom complex A (Aulacoseira, DA), and DCT with 2 mg/mL DM were prepared and applied. To assess the efficacy of biofilm removal quantitatively, absorbance after cleaning was measured. To evaluate the stability of long-term use, surface roughness, ΔE, surface micro-hardness, and flexural strength of the 3D printed dentures were measured before and after cleaning. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8. All statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS for Windows with one-way ANOVA, followed by Scheffe’s test as a post hoc (p < 0.05). The group treated with 3% H2O2 with DA demonstrated the lowest absorbance value, followed by the groups treated with 3% H2O2 with DM, PC, DCT, DCT + DM, and finally NC. As a result of Scheffe’s test to evaluate the significance of difference between the mean values of each group, statistically significant differences were shown in all groups based on the NC group. The DA and DM groups showed the largest mean difference though there was no significant difference between the two groups. Regarding the evaluation of physical and mechanical properties of the denture base resin, no statistically significant differences were observed before and after cleaning. In the cytotoxicity test, the relative cell count was over 70%, reflecting an absence of cytotoxicity. The diatom complex utilizing active micro-locomotion has effective biofilm removal ability and has a minimal effect in physical and mechanical properties of the substrate with no cytotoxicity.
Construction and implementation of wide range parameter switchable chaotic system
Authors: Yan Minxiu , Liu Xindi , Jie Jingfeng , Hong Yue
Published: February 2024

Research on switchable chaotic systems with a large range of parameters is scarce. To explore the chaotic characteristics of such systems, this paper proposes new switchable methods by modifying the nonlinear term in the system, resulting in a chaotic system with different nonlinear terms. The unknown parameters in the nonlinear term exhibit different numerical relationships under various combined conditions, and some parameters may tend towards positive infinity. The chaos characteristics are verified by applying a specific switching method to the unified chaotic system. The pseudo-randomness of the random sequence generated by the dissipative system is verified using the NIST test. Finally, the circuit simulation of the system under various switching conditions is performed by selecting different circuit components and adjusting the resistance values.The switching chaotic system is implemented physically on FPGA and breadboard, and the effectiveness of the system is verified.
Forensic significance of intracardiac expressions of Nrf2 in acute myocardial ischemia
Authors: Hiyamizu Shion , Ishida Yuko , Yasuda Haruki , Kuninaka Yumi , Nosaka Mizuho , Ishigami Akiko , Shimada Emi , Kimura Akihiko , Yamamoto Hiroki , Osako Miyu , Zhang Wei , Goto Utako , Kamata Ten , Kondo Toshikazu
Published: February 2024

When exposed to oxidative and electrophilic stress, a protective antioxidant response is initiated by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). However, the extent of its importance in the forensic diagnosis of acute ischemic heart diseases (AIHD), such as myocardial infarction (MI), remains uncertain. On the other hand, immunohistochemical analyses of fibronectin (FN) and the terminal complement complex (C5b-9) prove valuable in identifying myocardial ischemia that precedes necrosis during the postmortem diagnosis of sudden cardiac death (SCD). In this study, we investigated the immunohistochemical levels of Nrf2, FN, and C5b-9 in human cardiac samples to explore their forensic relevance for the identification of acute cardiac ischemia. Heart samples were obtained from 25 AIHD cases and 39 non-AIHD cases as controls. Nrf2 was localized in the nuclei of cardiomyocytes, while FN and C5b-9 were detected in the myocardial cytoplasm. The number of intranuclear Nrf2 positive signals in cardiomyocytes increased in AIHD cases compared to control cases. Additionally, the grading of positive portions of cardiac FN and C5b-9 in the myocardium was also significantly enhanced in AIHD, compared to controls. Collectively, these results indicate that the immunohistochemical investigation of Nrf2 combined with FN, and/or C5b-9 holds the potential for identifying early-stage myocardial ischemic lesions in cases of SCD.
TRIP6 a potential diagnostic marker for colorectal cancer with glycolysis and immune infiltration association
Authors: Liu Xu-Sheng , Chen Yu-Xuan , Wan Hua-Bing , Wang Ya-Lan , Wang Yang-Yang , Gao Yan , Wu Li-Bing , Pei Zhi-Jun
Published: February 2024

Thyroid hormone receptor interactor 6 (TRIP6) it is an adaptor protein belonging to the zyxin family of LIM proteins, participating in signaling events through interactions with various molecules. Despite this, TRIP6's role in colorectal cancer (CRC), particularly its correlation with glucose metabolism and immune cell infiltration, remains unclear. Through the TCGA and GEO databases, we obtained RNA sequencing data to facilitate our in-depth study and analysis of TRIP6 expression. To investigate the prognostic value of TRIP6 in CRC, we also used univariate Cox regression analysis. In addition, this study also covered a series of analyses, including clinicopathological analysis, functional enrichment analysis, glycolysis correlation analysis, immunoinfiltration analysis, immune checkpoint analysis, and angiogenesis correlation analysis, to gain a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of this biological phenomenon. It has been found that TRIP6 expression is significantly upregulated in CRC and correlates with the stage of the disease. Its overexpression portends a worse survival time. Functional enrichment analysis reveals that TRIP6 is associated with focal adhesion and glycolysis. Mechanistically, TRIP6 appears to exert its tumorigenic effect by regulating the glycolysis-related gene GPI. A higher level of expression of TRIP6 is associated with an increase in the number of iDC immune cells and a decrease in the number of Th1 immune cells. Also, TRIP6 may promote angiogenesis in tumor cells by promoting the expression of JAG2. Our study uncovers the upregulation of TRIP6 in CRC, illuminating its prognostic and diagnostic value within this context. Furthermore, we examine the relationship between TRIP6 expression levels, glycolysis, angiogenesis and immune cell infiltration. This underscores its potential as a biomarker for CRC treatment and as a therapeutic target.
Classification of hand and wrist movements via surface electromyogram using the random convolutional kernels transform
Authors: Ovadia Daniel , Segal Alex , Rabin Neta
Published: February 2024

Prosthetic devices are vital for enhancing personal autonomy and the quality of life for amputees. However, the rejection rate for electric upper-limb prostheses remains high at around 30%, often due to issues like functionality, control, reliability, and cost. Thus, developing reliable, robust, and cost-effective human-machine interfaces is crucial for user acceptance. Machine learning algorithms using Surface Electromyography (sEMG) signal classification hold promise for natural prosthetic control. This study aims to enhance hand and wrist movement classification using sEMG signals, treated as time series data. A novel approach is employed, combining a variation of the Random Convolutional Kernel Transform (ROCKET) for feature extraction with a cross-validation ridge classifier. Traditionally, achieving high accuracy in time series classification required complex, computationally intensive methods. However, recent advances show that simple linear classifiers combined with ROCKET can achieve state-of-the-art accuracy with reduced computational complexity. The algorithm was tested on the UCI sEMG hand movement dataset, as well as on the Ninapro DB5 and DB7 datasets. We demonstrate how the proposed approach delivers high discrimination accuracy with minimal parameter tuning requirements, offering a promising solution to improve prosthetic control and user satisfaction.
VAV2 orchestrates the interplay between regenerative proliferation and ribogenesis in both keratinocytes and oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Fernández-Parejo Natalia , Lorenzo-Martín L. Francisco , García-Pedrero Juana M. , Rodrigo Juan P. , Dosil Mercedes , Bustelo Xosé R.
Published: February 2024

VAV2 is an activator of RHO GTPases that promotes and maintains regenerative proliferation-like states in normal keratinocytes and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. Here, we demonstrate that VAV2 also regulates ribosome biogenesis in those cells, a program associated with poor prognosis of human papilloma virus-negative (HPV−) OSCC patients. Mechanistically, VAV2 regulates this process in a catalysis-dependent manner using a conserved pathway comprising the RAC1 and RHOA GTPases, the PAK and ROCK family kinases, and the c-MYC and YAP/TAZ transcription factors. This pathway directly promotes RNA polymerase I activity and synthesis of 47S pre-rRNA precursors. This process is further consolidated by the upregulation of ribosome biogenesis factors and the acquisition of the YAP/TAZ-dependent undifferentiated cell state. Finally, we show that RNA polymerase I is a therapeutic Achilles’ heel for both keratinocytes and OSCC patient-derived cells endowed with high VAV2 catalytic activity. Collectively, these findings highlight the therapeutic potential of modulating VAV2 and the ribosome biogenesis pathways in both preneoplastic and late progression stages of OSCC.
Application of RNA interference and protein localization to investigate housekeeping and developmentally regulated genes in the emerging model protozoan Paramecium caudatum
Authors: Gao Yunyi , Solberg Therese , Wang Rui , Yu Yueer , Al-Rasheid Khaled A. S. , Gao Feng
Published: February 2024

Unicellular eukaryotes represent tremendous evolutionary diversity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this diversity remain largely unexplored, partly due to a limitation of genetic tools to only a few model species. Paramecium caudatum is a well-known unicellular eukaryote with an unexpectedly large germline genome, of which only two percent is retained in the somatic genome following sexual processes, revealing extensive DNA elimination. However, further progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms governing this process is hampered by a lack of suitable genetic tools. Here, we report the successful application of gene knockdown and protein localization methods to interrogate the function of both housekeeping and developmentally regulated genes in P. caudatum. Using these methods, we achieved the expected phenotypes upon RNAi by feeding, and determined the localization of these proteins by microinjection of fusion constructs containing fluorescent protein or antibody tags. Lastly, we used these methods to reveal that P. caudatum PiggyMac, a domesticated piggyBac transposase, is essential for sexual development, and is likely to be an active transposase directly involved in DNA cleavage. The application of these methods lays the groundwork for future studies of gene function in P. caudatum and can be used to answer important biological questions in the future.
Large igneous province activity drives oceanic anoxic event 2 environmental change across eastern Asia
Authors: Takashima R. , Selby D. , Yamanaka T. , Kuwahara Y. , Nakamura H. , Sawada K. , Ikeda M. A. , Ando T. , Hayashi K. , Nishida M. , Usami T. , Kameyama D. , Nishi H. , Kuroyanagi A. , Gyawali B. R.
Published: February 2024

During mid-Cretaceous Oceanic Anoxic Event 2, significant increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations from the eruption of the large igneous provinces is hypothesized to have induced a humid climate and an elevation in nutrient runoff from continents to the oceans, resulting in oxygen depletion in the ocean. However, hitherto there is limited insight into the driving factors of Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 from the Pacific and Asian continental margins, even though the former and the latter were the largest ocean and landmass at that time. Here, a multiproxy analysis for the Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 interval of the Yezo Group –deposited on northwestern Pacific along the active Asian continental margin– is interpretated to identify seven volcanic pulses, five of which may have elevated humidity, weathering intensity, and vegetational change in the eastern margin of Asia. Moreover, oxygen depletion occurred simultaneously in the northwest Pacific. Given that these environmental changes in the eastern margin of Asia were penecontemporaneous with the global carbon burial intervals during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2, the elevated nutrient supply from the Asian continental margin to the Pacific Ocean may have, in part, contributed to the worldwide depletion of oxygen of the ocean during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2.
Experimental visualization of water/ice phase distribution at cold start for practical-sized polymer electrolyte fuel cells
Authors: Higuchi Yuki , Yoshimune Wataru , Kato Satoru , Hibi Shogo , Setoyama Daigo , Isegawa Kazuhisa , Matsumoto Yoshihiro , Hayashida Hirotoshi , Nozaki Hiroshi , Harada Masashi , Fukaya Norihiro , Suzuki Takahisa , Shinohara Takenao , Nagai Yasutaka
Published: February 2024

The automotive industry aims to ensure the cold-start capability of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) for developing fuel cell electric vehicles that can be driven in cold climates. Water and ice behavior is a key factor in maintaining this capability. Previously reported methods for visualizing water and/or ice are limited to small-sized PEFCs ( < 50 cm2), while fuel cell electric vehicles are equipped with larger PEFCs. Here, we developed a system using a pulsed spallation neutron beam to visualize water distribution and identify water/ice phases in practical-sized PEFCs at a cold start. The results show direct evidence of a stepwise freezing behavior inside the PEFC. The produced water initially accumulated at the center of the PEFC and then froze, followed by PEFC shutdown as freezing progressed. This study can serve as a reference to guide the development of cold-start protocols, cell design, and materials for next-generation fuel cell electric vehicles.
Ordered mesoporous silica microspheres for supercritical fluid chromatography
Authors: Song Chunying , Qi Yi , Wang Chenyu , Jin Gaowa , Wang Shengfu , Yu Dongping , Guo Zhimou , Liang Xinmiao
Published: February 2024

Ultra-high efficiency can be achieved by combining the advantages of high diffusion efficiency of SFC and pore orderliness of OMS.
Boosting CO2 chemical fixation over MOF-808 by the introduction of functional groups and defective Zr sites
Authors: Zhou Minghui , Qu Zhengyan , Zhang Jiuxuan , Jiang Hong , Tang Zhenchen , Chen Rizhi
Published: February 2024

F-MOF-808, prepared via ligand exchange, exhibit an optimized electronic structure and sufficient defective Zr sites, thus excelling in CO2 cycloaddition with a 100% enhancement over the original MOF-808 and maintaining high activity through 6 runs.
Iodine-enabled organoelectrocatalysis: enantioselective cross dehydrogenative coupling of sulfides and aldehydes
Authors: Wang Zhen , Gausmann Marcel , Dickoff Jan-Hendrik , Christmann Mathias
Published: February 2024

A method for the direct asymmetric α-sulfenylation of aldehydes with sulfides was developed.
Submicron-thick single anion-conducting polymer electrolytes
Authors: Ford Hunter O. , Chaloux Brian L. , Kim Youngchan , Long Jeffrey W. , Rolison Debra R. , Sassin Megan B.
Published: February 2024

Non-line-of-sight techniques are well suited for fabrication of thin and conformal solid-state electrolyte coatings, especially within three-dimensionally porous electrode architectures.
Design, synthesis, in vitro and in silico evaluation of indole-based tetrazole derivatives as putative anti-breast cancer agents
Authors: Kaur Kamalpreet , Verma Harkomal , Gangwar Prabhakar , Dhiman Monisha , Jaitak Vikas
Published: February 2024

Design, synthesis, and in vitro and in silico evaluation of indole-based tetrazole derivatives as putative anti-breast cancer agents.
Trace SO2 capture within the engineered pore space using a highly stable SnF62−-pillared MOF
Authors: Li Weiwei , Cheng Can , Gao Guanqun , Xu Haomiao , Huang Wenjun , Qu Zan , Yan Naiqiang
Published: February 2024

A highly stable SnF62− pillared metal–organic framework offers a rare combination of outstanding SO2 capture, high selectivity and mild regeneration for future desulphurization processes.
Towards graphene-based asymmetric diodes: a density functional tight-binding study
Authors: Mohebbi Elaheh , Pavoni Eleonora , Pierantoni Luca , Stipa Pierluigi , Hemmetter Andreas , Laudadio Emiliano , Mencarelli Davide
Published: February 2024

Self-consistent charge density functional tight-binding (DFTB) calculations have been performed to investigate the electrical properties and transport behavior of asymmetric graphene devices (AGDs).
Unprecedented single-electron-transfer reduction-based N → C acyl migration reactions of imides enabled by redox-neutral photocatalysis
Authors: Huai Linge , Zhang Li , Wang Zhentao , Fang Yewen
Published: February 2024

N → C acyl migration: in the absence of a base, redox-neutral photocatalyzed acyl migration reactions have been realized via the reaction of N-vinylimides with alkyl radicals derived from alkyl silicates.
Reversible thermochromic fibers with excellent elasticity and hydrophobicity for wearable temperature sensors
Authors: Lim Taekyung , Seo Hee Sung , Yang Jonguk , Yang Keun-Hyeok , Ju Sanghyun , Jeong Sang-Mi
Published: February 2024

A wearable sensor is fabricated using a highly elastic and hydrophobic color-changing fiber that embeds thermochromic materials into a silica aerogel, and works stably against water, sweat, and detergent solutions.
Lipid nanodiscs spontaneously formed by an amphiphilic polymethacrylate derivative as an efficient nanocarrier for molecular delivery to intact cells
Authors: Hao Jinyu , Ishihara Mika , Rapenne Gwénaël , Yasuhara Kazuma
Published: February 2024

Lipid nanodisc is a promising nano-carrier for molecular delivery that efficiently delivers hydrophobic molecules to intact cells.
One pot application of a green chemistry-based finish for cotton fabric, providing hydrophobic, flame retardant, and antimicrobial properties
Authors: Sharif Rabia , Qutab Haji Ghulam , Mahmood Khalid , Gul Saba , Ramzan Naveed , Mohsin Muhammad , Wahlah Ahtesham , Nasir Rizwan , Fazal Palwasha , Ali Barkat
Published: February 2024

Fluorinated and formaldehyde-based compounds impart excellent hydrophobicity and flame-retardant properties to cotton fabrics.
Exploring moisture adsorption on cobalt-doped ZnFe2O4 for applications in atmospheric water harvesting
Authors: Ehtisham Muhammad , Badawi Ahmad K. , Khan Asad Muhammad , Khan Rafaqat Ali , Ismail Bushra
Published: February 2024

Sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting (SBAWH) is a highly promising approach for extracting water from the atmosphere thanks to its sustainability, exceptional energy efficiency, and affordability.
Switchable surface and loading/release of target molecules in hierarchically porous PLA nonwovens based on shape memory effect
Authors: Zhang Lishuo , Chai Wenqiang , Zhang Jiaru , Chen Zhouli , Yue Ziyang , Wang Jiayao , Yu Jiankang
Published: February 2024

In this work, hierarchically porous PLA (polylactic acid) shape memory nonwovens were prepared by electrospinning its blend solution with PEO (polyethylene oxide) and subsequent water etching.
Iodine-PEG as a unique combination for the metal-free synthesis of flavonoids through iodonium-triiodide ion-pair complexation
Authors: Kumar Naveen , Sharma Navneet , Kumar Vijay , Kumar Vinay , Jangid Kailash , Devi Bharti , Dwivedi Ashish Ranjan , Giri Kousik , Kumar Rakesh , Kumar Vinod
Published: February 2024

An efficient metal-free single-step protocol has been developed for the direct synthesis of flavones from 2-hydroxyacetophenone and substituted benzaldehydes.
Low-temperature synthesis of NH3via an alternate gas-switching NOx storage-reduction process using a BaO/Pt@mTiO2 nanocomposite catalyst
Authors: Zhang Yuxiao , Tomita Atsuko , Wakabayashi Ryutaro , Kimura Tatsuo
Published: February 2024

NH3 selectivity of more than 90% was reached using a BaO/Pt@mTiO2 nanocomposite catalyst that is useful for a slow hydrogenation process with a sufficient supply of dissociated hydrogen.
“Ship-in-a-bottle” entrapment of biomolecules in MOF-based xerogel monoliths for high-performance electrochemical hydrogen evolution
Authors: Tu Thach N. , Khalate Suraj A. , Chang Kunok , Kim Jinsoo
Published: February 2024

The “ship-in-a-bottle” entrapment of bioactive molecules in metal–organic framework (MOF)-based xerogel monoliths based on a controlled mesopore architecture was reported.
Mechanistic analysis of viscosity-sensitive fluorescent probes for applications in diabetes detection
Authors: Sreejaya M. M. , M Pillai Vineeth , A Ayesha , Baby Maanas , Bera Manoranjan , Gangopadhyay Moumita
Published: February 2024

This review focuses on fluorescence mechanisms for viscosity responsiveness, highlighting some important probes like coumarin, BODIPY, and xanthene as well as the application of these viscosity-sensitive probes for successful diabetes detection.
Inorganic nanoparticles for photothermal treatment of cancer
Authors: Thirumurugan Senthilkumar , Ramanathan Susaritha , Muthiah Kayalvizhi Samuvel , Lin Yu-Chien , Hsiao Michael , Dhawan Udesh , Wang An-Ni , Liu Wai-Ching , Liu Xinke , Liao Mei-Yi , Chung Ren-Jei
Published: February 2024

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a minimally invasive procedure that uses nanoparticles to produce heat from light to kill cancer cells. This review highlights the mechanism of PTT, and the results obtained for the improved therapeutic effect of PTT using the inorganic nanoparticles platform.
Crystal growth, first-principles calculations, and enhanced 1.5–1.7 μm fluorescence emission from the Er, Ce: CaGdAlO4 laser crystal
Authors: Li Lin , Tan Huiyu , Li Zhen , Zhang Peixiong , Chen Zhenqiang
Published: February 2024

A 1.5–1.7 μm enhanced emission was acquired for the first time in the Er, Ce: CGA crystal, based on the optimal Ce3+ concentration obtained from structure–luminescence relationship.
Fast, highly chromatic, electrically responsive photonic crystal inks for displays
Authors: Wang Dong , Sun Xiaohui , Wu Wei , Li Mang , Zhao Xueying , Ren Huiqi , Wang Bo , Li Jingfang , Zhang Xuyang , Wu Guohua , Wang Xiangwei
Published: February 2024

Benefiting from the introduction of SDBS and acidified carbon nanotubes, electronic inks exhibit fast electrical response performance and high chromaticity.
Turn-on fluorescence humidity sensing based on Cs4PbBr6 nanocrystal array
Authors: Wei Yelu , Liu Yang , Zhang Yuchen , Pan Jiahao , Pan Shuhan , Wei Ying , Pan Bingcai , Lu Zhenda , Xing Xing
Published: February 2024

A nanocrystal array composed of Cs4PbBr6 has been prepared and employed for turn-on fluorescence humidity sensing. This nanoarray assures a low detection limit, rapid response times, and the incorporation of statistical data acquisition.
(TeCl)4(TiCl4) with isolated Te4Cl16 and TiCl4 molecules and second-harmonic-generation
Authors: Bonnin Maxime A. , Beier Klaus , Bayarjargal Lkhamsuren , Winkler Björn , Feldmann Claus
Published: February 2024

(TeCl4)4(TiCl4) with isolated (TeCl4)4 heterocubanes and isolated TiCl4 tetrahedra shows second harmonic generation (SHG) with 1.6-times stronger intensity than potassium dihydrogen phosphate/KDP.
Are sodiation/de-sodiation reactions reversible in two-dimensional metallic NbSe2?
Authors: Liu Zaichun , Wang Rui , Zhang Panpan , Dun Chaochao , Urban Jeffrey J. , Yang Sheng , Wang Tao , Ma Yuan , Zhong Yiren , He Jiarui , Zhu Zhi , Xiong Xiaosong , Fan Weijia , Zhou Qi , Yang Haoyuan , Cheng Xin-Bing , Wang Faxing , Huang Ying , Wu Yuping
Published: February 2024

The sodiation/de-sodiation mechanism of metallic NbSe2 anodes is corrected to involve an initial irreversible conversion from NbSe2 to Na2Se/Nb composites and the subsequent reversible selenide conversion reaction.
Halogen substituted tetraphenylethylene AIEgens: facile single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation, polymorphism and mechanofluorochromism
Authors: Cao Yong , Pan Chengjun , Xu Jinjia
Published: February 2024

The molecular structure and supramolecular organization of fluorophores play an important role in generating solid-state fluorescent materials and understanding the mechanism of fluorescence switching/tuning.
Solvent-controlled switchable multicomponent tandem oxidative triple functionalization of indolines
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxiang , Gu Xiaoting , Zhang Yingying , Liao Junqiu , Xu Meilan , Zhang Zhuan , Liang Taoyuan
Published: February 2024

A new one-pot method for solvent-controlled switchable tandem oxidative triple functionalization of indolines has been developed via successive regioselective chalcogenation, oxidation, amination and halogenation.
Glycerol carbonate synthesis via transesterification of enriched glycerol and dimethyl carbonate using a Li-incorporated MCM-41 framework
Authors: Jitjamnong Jakkrapong , Khongprom Parinya , Ratanawilai Thanate , Ratanawilai Sukritthira
Published: February 2024

Waste crude glycerol was successfully enriched and utilized as an inexpensive source for producing value-added chemicals, such as glycerol carbonate (GC) – a valuable compound with extensive industrial applications.
Structurally colored semitransparent perovskite solar cells using one-step deposition of self-ordering microgel particles
Authors: Alkhudhari Osama M. , Wang Ran , Jia Zhenyu , Hodson Nigel W. , Alruwaili Amal , Altujjar Amal , Picheo Eugenio , Saunders Brian R.
Published: February 2024

Colorful semitransparent perovskite films and devices are fabricated employing self-ordering microgel particles resulting in improved power conversion efficiency and stability.
Synthesis and photoinduced behavior of DPP-anchored nitronyl nitroxides: a multifaceted approach
Authors: Tretyakov Evgeny , Gorbunov Dmitry , Gritsan Nina , Keerthi Ashok , Baumgarten Martin , Schollmeyer Dieter , Ivanov Mikhail , Sergeeva Anna , Fedin Matvey
Published: February 2024

Understanding and controlling spin dynamics in organic dyes is of significant scientific and technological interest.
Anoplophora graafi longhorn beetle coloration is due to disordered diamond-like packed spheres
Authors: Djeghdi Kenza , Schumacher Cédric , Bauernfeind Viola , Gunkel Ilja , Wilts Bodo D. , Steiner Ullrich
Published: February 2024

While artificial photonic materials are typically highly ordered, biological photonic structures often lack long-range order. We here show that the colours of the scales of a longhorn beetle arise from a non-close-packed, diamond-coordinated assembly of 200-nm-sized chitin spheres.
Electric field-mediated adhesive dynamics of cells inside bio-functionalised microchannels offers important cues for active control of cell–substrate adhesion
Authors: Laha Sampad , Dhar Dhruba , Adak Mainak , Bandopadhyay Aditya , Das Soumen , Chatterjee Jyotirmoy , Chakraborty Suman
Published: February 2024

Adhesive dynamics of cells plays a critical role in determining different biophysical processes orchestrating health and disease in living systems.
Design of multicomponent argyrodite based on a mixed oxidation state as promising solid-state electrolyte using moment tensor potentials
Authors: Lee Ji Won , Kim Ji Hoon , Kim Ji Seon , Jang Yong Jun , Choi Sun Ho , Choi Seong Hyeon , Cho Sung Man , Kim Yong-Gu , Lee Sang Uck
Published: February 2024

Design of multicomponent argyrodite based on the mixed oxidation state as promising solid-state electrolytes using moment tensor potentials.
Correction: An in situ growth route towards anti-perovskite Ni3InN nanoparticles embedded within amorphous silicon nitride
Authors: Tada Shotaro , Takazawa Sakurako , Asakuma Norifumi , Cheype Maxime , Honda Sawao , Kumar Ravi , Bernard Samuel , Iwamoto Yuji
Published: February 2024

Correction for ‘An in situ growth route towards anti-perovskite Ni3InN nanoparticles embedded within amorphous silicon nitride’ by Shotaro Tada et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, 12, 3689–3699, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3TA06212K.
Alkali metal salt-assisted crystal structure switch of hybrid indium halides with near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Chen Canxu , Chen Yuanjie , Zou Bingsuo , Zeng Ruosheng
Published: February 2024

We synthesized 0D MA4InCl7 and MA2KInCl6 metal halides, and Sb3+ doping enabled near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield. A one-way switch from MA4InCl7 to MA2KInCl6 can be achieved by adding additional potassium precursors.
Novel modifications of PARP inhibitor veliparib increase PARP1 binding to DNA breaks
Authors: Velagapudi Uday Kiran , Rouleau-Turcotte Élise , Billur Ramya , Shao Xuwei , Patil Manisha , Black Ben E. , Pascal John M. , Talele Tanaji T.
Published: February 2024

Catalytic poly(ADP-ribose) production by PARP1 is allosterically activated through interaction with DNA breaks, and PARP inhibitor compounds have the potential to influence PARP1 allostery in addition to preventing catalytic activity. Using the benzimidazole-4-carboxamide pharmacophore present in the first generation PARP1 inhibitor veliparib, a series of 11 derivatives was designed, synthesized, and evaluated as allosteric PARP1 inhibitors, with the premise that bulky substituents would engage the regulatory helical domain (HD) and thereby promote PARP1 retention on DNA breaks. We found that core scaffold modifications could indeed increase PARP1 affinity for DNA; however, the bulk of the modification alone was insufficient to trigger PARP1 allosteric retention on DNA breaks. Rather, compounds eliciting PARP1 retention on DNA breaks were found to be rigidly held in a position that interferes with a specific region of the HD domain, a region that is not targeted by current clinical PARP inhibitors. Collectively, these compounds highlight a unique way to trigger PARP1 retention on DNA breaks and open a path to unveil the pharmacological benefits of such inhibitors with novel properties.
COVID-19 and abnormal uterine bleeding: potential associations and mechanisms
Authors: Maybin Jacqueline A. , Watters Marianne , Rowley Bethan , Walker Catherine A. , Sharp Gemma C. , Alvergne Alexandra
Published: February 2024

The impact of COVID-19 on menstruation has received a high level of public and media interest. Despite this, uncertainty exists about the advice that women and people who menstruate should receive in relation to the expected impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection, long COVID or COVID-19 vaccination on menstruation. Furthermore, the mechanisms leading to these reported menstrual changes are poorly understood. This review evaluates the published literature on COVID-19 and its impact on menstrual bleeding, discussing the strengths and limitations of these studies. We present evidence consistent with SARS-CoV-2 infection and long COVID having an association with changes in menstrual bleeding parameters and that the impact of COVID vaccination on menstruation appears less significant. An overview of menstrual physiology and known causes of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is provided before discussing potential mechanisms which may underpin the menstrual disturbance reported with COVID-19, highlighting areas for future scientific study. Finally, consideration is given to the effect that menstruation may have on COVID-19, including the impact of the ovarian sex hormones on acute COVID-19 severity and susceptibility and reported variation in long COVID symptoms across the menstrual cycle. Understanding the current evidence and addressing gaps in our knowledge in this area are essential to inform public health policy, direct the treatment of menstrual disturbance and facilitate development of new therapies, which may reduce the severity of COVID-19 and improve quality of life for those experiencing long COVID.
Numerical model of Phobos’ motion incorporating the effects of free rotation
Authors: Yang Yongzhang , Yan Jianguo , Jian Nianchuan , Matsumoto Koji , Barriot Jean-Pierre
Published: February 2024

Context. High-precision ephemerides are not only useful in supporting space missions, but also in investigating the physical nature of celestial bodies. This paper reports an update to the orbit and rotation model of the Martian moon Phobos. In contrast to earlier numerical models, this paper details a dynamical model that fully considers the rotation of Phobos. Here, Phobos’ rotation is first described by Euler’s rotational equations and integrated simultaneously with the orbital motion equations. We discuss this dynamical model, along with the differences with respect to the model now in use.

Aims. This work is aimed at updating the physical model embedded in the ephemerides of Martian moons, considering improvements offered by exploiting high-precision observations expected from future missions (e.g., Japanese Martian Moons exploration, MMX), which fully supports future studies of the Martian moons.

Methods. The rotational motion of Phobos can be expressed by Euler’s rotational equations and integrated in parallel with the equations of the orbital motion of Phobos around Mars. In order to investigate the differences between the two models, we first reproduced and simulated the dynamical model that is now used in the ephemerides, but based on our own parameters. We then fit the model to the newest Phobos ephemeris published by Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Éphémérides (IMCCE). Based on our derived variational equations, the influence of the gravity field, the Love number, k2, and the rotation behavior were studied by fitting the full model to the simulated simple model. Our revised dynamic model for Phobos was constructed as a general method that can be extended with appropriate corrections (mainly rotation) to systems other than Phobos, such as the Saturn and Jupiter systems.

Results. We present the variational equation for Phobos’ rotation employing the symbolic Maple computation software. The adjustment test simulations confirm the latitude libration of Phobos, suggesting gravity field coefficients obtained using a shape model and homogeneous density hypothesis should be re-examined in the future in the context of dynamics. Furthermore, the simulations with different k2 values indicate that it is difficult to determine k2 efficiently using the current data.
An improved Magellan weak lensing analysis of the galaxy cluster Abell 2744
Authors: Abriola Davide , Della Pergola Daniele , Lombardi Marco , Bergamini Pietro , Nonino Mario , Grillo Claudio , Rosati Piero
Published: February 2024

We present a new weak lensing analysis of the Hubble Frontier Fields galaxy cluster Abell 2744 (z = 0.308) using new Magellan/MegaCam multi-band gri imaging data. We carried out our study by applying brand-new PSF and shape measurement software that allow the use of multi-band data simultaneously, which we first tested on Subaru/Suprime-Cam BRcz′ imaging data of the same cluster. The projected total mass of this system within 2.35 Mpc from the south-west BCG is (2.56 ± 0.26)×1015 M⊙, which makes Abell 2744 one of the most massive clusters known. This value is consistent, within the errors, with previous weak lensing and dynamical studies. Our analysis reveals the presence of three high-density substructures, thus supporting the picture of a complex merging scenario. This result is also confirmed by a comparison with a recent strong lensing study based on high-resolution JWST imaging. Moreover, our reconstructed total mass profile nicely agrees with an extrapolation of the strong lensing best-fit model up to several megaparsecs from the BCG centre.
Observed kinematics of the Milky Way nuclear stellar disk region
Authors: Zoccali M. , Rojas-Arriagada A. , Valenti E. , Contreras Ramos R. , Valenzuela-Navarro A. , Salvo-Guajardo C.
Published: February 2024

Context. The nuclear region of the Milky Way, within approximately −1° < l < +1° and −0.3° < b < +0.3° (i.e., |l|< 150 pc, |b|< 45 pc), is believed to host a nuclear stellar disk, co-spatial with the gaseous central molecular zone. Previous kinematical studies detected faster rotation for the stars belonging to the nuclear stellar disk, compared to the surrounding regions.

Aims. We analyze the rotation velocity of stars at the nuclear stellar disk, and compare them with its analog in a few control fields just outside this region. We limit our analysis to stars in the red clump of the color magnitude diagram, in order to be able to relate their mean de-reddened luminosity with distance along the line of sight.

Methods. We used a proper motion catalog, obtained from point spread function photometry on VISTA variables in the Vía Láctea images, to construct maps of the transverse velocity for these stars. We complemented our analysis with radial velocities from the 17th data release of the APOGEE survey.

Results. We find that the main difference between the nuclear stellar disk region and its surroundings is that at the former we see only stars moving eastward, which we believe are located in front of the Galactic center. On the contrary, in every other direction, we see the brightest red clump stars moving eastward, and the faintest ones moving westward, as expected for a rotating disk. We interpret these observations as being produced by the central molecular zone, hiding stars behind itself. What we observe is compatible with being produced by just the absence of the component at the back, without requiring the presence of a cold, fast rotating disk. This component is also not clearly detected in the newest release of the APOGEE catalog. In other words, we find no clear signature of the nuclear stellar disk as a distinct kinematical component.

Conclusions. This work highlights the need for nearby control fields when attempting to characterize the properties of the nuclear stellar disk, as the different systematics affecting this region, compared to nearby ones, might introduce spurious results. Deep, wide field and high resolution photometry of the inner 4 deg of the Milky Way is needed in order to understand the structure and kinematics of this very unique region of our Galaxy.