bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE INFLUENCE OF WEATHER PATTERNS ON DURIAN YIELD IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Rajandran Thashwini , Yi Tan Xue , Sian Tan Sue , binti Jamal Fatin Nurfariessa
Published: May 2024

The need to be able to be ahead of the forecast weather report can be a game changer. Thus, the utilization of a weather
station in a farm could have an enormous impact. This study was conducted at Top Fruits Sdn. Bhd. durian farm located in
Parit Sulong, Johor, Malaysia. This research spanned partially from January 2023 to December 2023 and involved the utilization of durian trees
aged between 5 to 35 years old. The Davis Weather Station has been deployed in the farm to gather continuous weather data. Some notable
ndings were found which suggest a direct correlation between an increase in the humidity and a subsequent decrease in the durian harvest yield.
The study identied 26.03 °C as the optimum daily average temperature for fruit development, which is the lowest average temperature recorded
during the observation period. A high daily average evapotranspiration value, up to 2.68 mm as observed in this publication, favors the durian
yield. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed no signicant correlation between rainfall and yield, attributed to the use of sprinkler irrigation when
rain was absent. It can be concluded that weather patterns signicantly impact fruit development.
ASSESSMENT OF THE REASONS FOR PRESENTATION TO GLAUCOMA SERVICES DURING THE PANDEMIC AND THE KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE,PRACTICES (KAP) IN RELATION TO COVID-19
Authors: Srividya Kalluri Satya , Odayappan Annamalai , Venkatesh Rengaraj , Kavitha Srinivasan
Published: May 2024

Purpose: To assess the reasons for visit amongst patients presenting to the glaucoma services and to assess their
Knowledge, Attitude, Practices (KAP) in relation to COVID-19 and to assess the impact of COVID-19 on the glaucoma
care provision. Design: Cross-sectional, observational study. Patients older than 18 years presenti Methods: ng to the glaucoma services at our
tertiary eye centre either for the rst time or for follow-up between October and December 2020 - the immediate unlock period following the rst
wave of COVID-19 pandemic were included. Data collected include the demographic details, visual acuity, intraocular pressure, examination
ndings, nal diagnosis and suggested treatment. The patients' KAP was then assessed using a validated questionnaire. The distribution of the
various glaucoma diagnoses was compared between 2020 (pandemic year) vs. 2019 (pre-pandemic year) Ov Results: erall, 246 patients were
included. The main reasons for seeking care were headache (66.3%) followed by ocular surface symptoms like itching or irritation (25.2%) and
pain (10.9%). 84.7% of follow-up patients reported that their visit to the hospital was delayed predominantly due to fear of getting infected
(62.2%), paucity of public transport (48.4%) and lack of accompanying person (12.6%). There was signicantly greater proportion of new
primary angle closure patients (40.3%, p=0.036) whereas those with primary open angle glaucoma had come for follow-up care (26.1 %,
p=0.048). The mean KAP scores of the patients were 83.1%, 65.5% and 81.7% respectively. KAP in rel Conclusion: ation to COVID-19 was
good and there was a greater proportion of patients with acute presentations.
VECHUR COW: A BLESSING TO THE VETERINARY DOMAIN – A REVIEW
Authors: D Ponnulekshmi. , Tripathy Rabinarayan.
Published: May 2024

India is home to the world's largest population of cattle, and among the indigenous breeds in Kerala, Vechur (Bos indicus)
stands out. Recognized for its medicinal value, the Bos indicus Vechur breed cow is classied as critically maintained by
the Food and Agriculture Organization. Remarkably, it holds the distinction of being the smallest cow globally, standing at approximately 90 cm
in height, while producing a comparatively high volume of milk compared to other breeds. Notably, the Vechur cow has low feed requirements
and displays heightened resistance to diseases. The milk produced by Vechur cows is particularly noteworthy, characterized by a high proportion
of small fat globules and saturated fatty acids. This unique composition renders the milk suitable for infants and individuals who are unwell.
Renowned in the Ayurveda system of medicine, the milk is considered to possess medicinal properties. Despite these observed characteristics,
the authenticity of traditional notions surrounding the Vechur cow, such as disease resistance and the medicinal properties of its milk, remains
unproven with solid evidence. Designated as a critically maintained breed by the FAO, the Vechur cow is distinct within the Bos indicus category
due to its exceptionally small size, minimal fodder requirements, adaptability, ease of domestication, and the traditional medicinal attributes of
its milk. However, it is essential to note that many traditional beliefs associated with the Vechur cow, including disease resistance and the
medicinal nature of its milk, are based on eld observations and lack robust scientic evidence. Consequently, the place of the Vechur cow in the
livestock industry remains a subject of scrutiny and uncertainty. To further delve into the exploration of Vechur cows, an article has been crafted
with the aim of enhancing our understanding and knowledge about these unique bovine creatures. The intention is to rephrase and expand upon
existing information to offer a more comprehensive and insightful perspective on the subject.
STUDY OF VARIATION IN ORIGIN OF SUPERIOR LARYNGEAL ARTERY AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Authors: K. S Vidya , K. R Ashok
Published: May 2024

Objectives: The Superior laryngeal artery (SLA) is the dominant arterial supply of the laryngeal muscles, mucosa and
glands. Normally it is a branch of Superior thyroid artery (STA). Knowledge of variation in origin of SLA is important to
achieve bloodless eld of surgery during partial laryngectomy, radical neck dissection and other neck surgeries. 30 Materials and Method:
formalin xed human cadavers (60 hemi necks) of both the sex from department of anatomy BGS GIMS and BMC&RI have been dissected to
study the origin of SLA. In 75% cases SLA originated from STA, in 11.6% cases SLA originated from Ex Result: ternal carotid artery, in 8.3%
cases SLA originated from common carotid artery and in 5% cases it originated from carotid bifurcation. Precise anatomical Conclusion:
knowledge of variations in the origin of SLA is essential for minimizing complications during laryngeal surgeries, laryngeal transplantation and
for selective intra- arterial chemotherapy for laryngeal cancers.
A STUDY TO SCREEN PHYSICAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL ISSUES AMONG YOUNG ADOLESCENTS IN AMRITSAR AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH GENDER
Authors: Kumar Amit , Sodhi Manmeet Kaur , Sharma Hanish , Verma Richa
Published: May 2024

Background: India being the land for almost one fth of the adolescents of the world, there is the need for gauging their
physical, psychosocial and mental health status for their better upbringing. To assess the physical, Objectives:
psychosocial and mental health of the young adolescents. A cross sectional study in 2 randomly select Methodology: ed schools of urban and rural
areas located near Government Medical College (GMC), Amritsar was done in young adolescents of age group 10 to 14years. Adolescents of this
age group attending OPD at Department of Pediatrics, GMC, Amritsar were also included. Out of 500 yo Result: ung adolescents interviewed,
22% often had doubts about their weight or height being less or more while almost one third of the participants (32.8%) sometimes felt so. 18.2%
of the participants were often inuenced by the friends for bunking or teasing others while 12.8% felt the same only sometimes.19% of the
respondents often had difculty in concentrating on the studies or work while it was experienced sometimes only by 26.2% of them. More than
half of the participants (56.8%) didn't exercise at all or played any outdoor games. Adolescence bein Conclusion: g a very crucial stage of life,
regular physical health checkups and counseling sessions are the need of the hour for their healthy and bright future.
SLEEP QUALITY, QUALITY OF LIFE AND GLYCEMIC CONTROL: COMPARISON BETWEEN RURAL AND URBAN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: Y Dhriti. , R Dharuni. , Udayaraj K Arun , P Sowmya.
Published: May 2024

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a pandemic causing enormous burden in terms of morbidity and mortality. Life style
modication is the rst step in the management of Diabetes. Sleep quality and other Quality of life(QoL) indices are often
neglected. There is a vast difference in the life style of urban and rural population and may inuence the course of Diabetes Mellitus and its
management.Aim of the study was to (1). Examine sleep quality, QoL and glycemic control among rural and urban diabetic individuals. (2).
Compare sleep quality, QoL and glycemic control between rural and urban diabetic individuals. In this study, 110 diabetic patients were grouped
as rural and urban categories. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). WHOQOL-Bref was used to
assessQoL. HbA1c was estimated using turbidimetry kit method. The mean HbA1c levels were 8.1± 2.6 in urban and 7.7 ± 1.7 among rural
diabetics. Mean sleep score of the urban diabetics was 12.3 ± 6.7 and was 11.4 ± 4.8 in rural diabetics. QOL good scores were 68.3%, 76.7%,
86.7% and 76.7% among urban diabetics and 88%, 70%, 90% and 98% correspondingly in rural diabetics. This study concluded that the rural
diabetic patients had better glycemic control. They had better sleep scores and QoL scores in all domains except social domain. The better
glycemic control seen may be due to life style and environmental differences.
PIGMENTATION IN ANIMALS: A STRATEGY TO LIFE
Authors: Gaur Sangeeta
Published: May 2024

Colour in animals is mainly due to the presence of Pigmentation in their skin, fur, feathers, scales, or other body parts. This
coloration can play an important role to provide various purposes, such as camouage, communication, protection from
harmful UV radiation, regulation of body temperature, and even social signaling. Animals achieve pigmentation through different mechanisms
like pigment cells, structural colours, biochromes, and selective absorption. Some animals have pigments that selectively absorb certain
wavelengths of light while reecting others. This absorption and reection result in specic colors. Pigmentation often plays a crucial role in
animal survival and reproduction. It helps animals to blend into their environment to avoid predators or prey, attract mates through displays of
vibrant colors, or signal dominance or submission within a social hierarchy.
Perceived Occupational Stress among Male and Female Teachers Working in +2 Private Schools in Darbhanga District, India
Authors: Ansari Md. Qutbuddin
Published: May 2024

The present study was aimed at studying the perceived occupational stress among male and female teachers working in +2 private schools with special reference to Darbhanga district, India. It is undoubtedly fact that in recent years our private educator’s organizations and other groups have sought to improve the public image of the teaching occupation so as to attract more people in to the occupation. Hence, the present piece of research work is of immense value on the problem mentioned above. For the present investigation, total sample consisted of one hundred sixty (N=160) comprising male (n=80) and female (n=80) teachers working in +2 Private Schools were randomly selected from different private schools of Darbhanga district. Data were collected through questionnaire schedules on the sample. Having obtained the data on the items of the schedules, individual scores were summed up and tabulated according to procedure of the scales for giving statistical treatment. Results indicated the fact that there is a significant difference between male and female teachers working in +2 private Schools of Darbhanga district in their degree of perceived reactions on occupational stress as t-value has been found statistically significant at .05 but all the teachers reported more or less moderate level of occupational stress. On the other hand, no significant difference has been found between the groups of males and females in terms of their degree of the dimensions of occupational stress, viz. unreasonable groups and political pressures, under participation, intrinsic impoverishment, low status, and unprofitability. although few dimensions of occupational stress out of twelve dimensions viz., role overload, role ambiguity, responsibility for persons, poor peer relations and strenuous working conditions have been found as the predictors between male and female teachers as these dimensions has been found statistically significant at .01 and ,05 level of confidence although both .
DETERMINATION OF THE SENSITIVITY OF DERMATOMYCOSIS CAUSES TO FUNGICIDES
Authors: Berbeka U. Z. , Kushnir V. I. , Semen I. S. , Kushnir I. M. , Hufriy D. F. , Kolodiy H. V. , Murska S. D.
Published: May 2024

A microbiological study of the affected areas of the skin of dogs and cats was carried out for the detection of microscopic fungi. The following microscopic fungi were isolated from the pathological material: Candida spp., Aspergillus brasiliensis, Epidermophyton spp., Microsporum spp., Mucor spp., Trichophyton spp., Mallasseria spp., Sporotrich spp.
Isolated microscopic fungi of the genus Malassezia spp. belong to the superficial mycoses (keratomycoses) and affect the surface layers of the skin and fur. Epidermatophytes: Trichophyton spp., Epidermophyton spp., Microsporum spp. affect the epidermis, skin, and coat. In addition, opportunistic fungi of the genus Aspergillus brasiliensis were found in the studied samples.
It was established that the sensitivity of fungi isolated from the affected areas of the skin of dogs and cats to a 1% solution of ketonazole and clotrimazole is different. In particular, a 1% solution of ketonazole showed significantly higher activity compared to a 1% solution of clotrimazole. Thus, when determining the fungicidal effect of ketonazole, the growth retardation zone of the dermatophyte Trichophyton spp. was 34.3±0.6 mm, and the 1% clotrimazole solution was 21.3±0.3 mm.
Ketonazol also showed higher fungicidal activity against the microscopic fungi Aspergillus brasiliensis and Candida spp., compared to clotrimazole. Thus, the activity of ketonazole was, respectively, 55.7 and 48.4% higher compared to clotrimazole.
Clotrimazole showed the lowest fungicidal effect on Aspergillus brasiliensis, Mallasseria spp., Mucor spp., and Epidermophyton spp., the growth retardation zones of microscopic fungi were, respectively, 14.3±0.3, 14.3±0.6, 14.6± 0.6 and 16.6±0.3 mm.
VALIDATION OF METHOD DETERMINING OF NICARBAZIN CONTENT IN FEEDS
Authors: Melikyan S. , Biront N. , Mysko G. , Yanovych D.
Published: May 2024

The manuscript presents the validation of the developed high-performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of nicarbazin in animal feeding stuffs. Chromatographic separation was performed by means of HPLC RP columns packed with C18 (250×4.6 mm or 150×4.6 mm, 5 µm) using a mixture of acetonitrile and purified water as a mobile phase. The isocratic mode of elution was carried out for 10-15 min. Nicarbazin retention time depended on the eluent flow rate and ranged from 2.4 to 8.8 min. The repeatability of measurements was assessed by analyzing the calibration curve of nicarbazin standard solution. Feed samples were extracted with dimethylformamide. The samples were concentrated by drying, dry residues were reconstituted by the mobile phase, degreased with hexane and subjected to chromatographic separation. The specificity of the analytical method was tested by comparing the chromatographic separation of the feed sample spiked with nicarbazin standard solution with the control feed sample. The extraction degree of the spiked feed samples in the range of 20.0-50.0 mg/kg of nicarbazin was considered to determine the bias as the practical assessment of the validation parameters: trueness, linearity, repeatability and intermediate precision. The method was linear over this range of nicarbazin concentrations. The average degree of nicarbazin extraction from spiked feed samples is 99.1%. The correlation coefficient of the matrix matched calibration curve was more than 0.99. The evaluation of the intermediate precision of nicarbazin determination was estimated using different chromatographic columns over a long period of time. Validated HPLC-UV technique for the assay of animal feed and veterinary drugs based on nicarbazin has been introduced into the routine laboratory practice.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF HPLC-METHOD FOR QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF PROPOXUR IN COLLARS AND SPRAYS
Authors: Ostapiv R. D. , Tkachenko V. І. , Humeniuk S. L. , Samarska L. K. , Bereziuk M. I. , Harvas H. D.
Published: May 2024

Propoxur is a carbamate non-systemic insecticide, an acetylcholinesterase blocker of invertebrates, leading to their paralysis and death. Propoxur is used in insect acaricidal sprays and collars to kill fleas and ticks on pets.
The aim of the work was to develop a method of identification and quantification of propoxur in spray for external use and collars with different matrices. The method was developed and validated by indicators of selectivity, linearity, suitability parameters of the chromatographic system and repeatability. Spray and collars with different polymer composition were used as a sample-object for the development of the technique. The standard sample and the test sample of the spray were dissolved in acetonitrile to a propoxur concentration of 50 μg/ml. The collar was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran and acetonitrile was added to precipitate the matrix. The samples were separated on a Dionex Ultimate 3000 chromatograph equipped with chromatographic column Acclaim C18 150×4.6, 5 μm. The mobile phase was a mixture of acetonitrile and water in a volume ratio of 80:20. Propoxur was detected at an absorption wavelength of 270 nm.
Under the above conditions, it was possible to completely separate propoxur (retention time of the chromatographic peak – 2.2 min) and other components of the studied drugs. At the same time, the suitability parameters of the chromatographic system did not exceed the limits specified in the recommendations of the USA Food and Drug Association. For propoxur, the efficiency of the chromatographic system was 10,300–10,540 theoretical plates. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for the peak areas of the active substance was ± 0.37%, and the peak separation ratio (RS) of propoxur and other components of the drug was 3.1–5.7. The symmetry coefficient of the propoxur peak was 1.49. The calibration curve was linear in the recommended DFU 2.0 range (80–120% of the nominal concentration of the active substance). The coefficient of linearity (R2) for propoxur was 0.9985.
STUDY OF ACUTE AND SUB-ACUTE TOXICITY OF A MEDICATION BASED ON SPIDER VENOM EXTRACT
Authors: Patereha I. , Kushnir V. , Pyatnychko O. , Vynarchuk-Patereha V. , Chudyak M.
Published: May 2024

Homeopathy is a regulatory therapy. The effectiveness of homeopathic therapy does not depend on the dose of the drug, but on the frequency of its repetitions. The composition of homeopathic preparations includes a wide range of natural and synthetic active substances: minerals; chemical substances; substances of plant origin; microorganisms, including fungi, bacteria, viruses, and plant parasites; substances of animal origin; and human materials, which may include tissues, secretions, hormones, and genetically homogeneous cell lines.
One such substance is an extract of spider venom (Tarantul cubensis D6), which remains active in pharmaceutical preparation for a long time. The drug is selectively absorbed in inflamed tissues, differentiating them from healthy cells and suppressing inflammation. The drug is also effective in necrotic and proliferative processes. It is used for the treatment of panaritium in the initial stage, skin ulcers, necrobacillosis, and necrosis of the soft tissues of the animal.
Any materials of animal or human origin are potentially dangerous for human and animal health, as they may contain toxic or pathogenic substances. Therefore, the study of the acute and subacute toxicity of spider venom extract is one of the stages of establishing the toxicological parameters of the drug.
The use of the drug in a therapeutic dose caused an increase in animal body weight, hemoglobin concentration, number of leukocytes, erythrocytes, hematocrit value, average erythrocyte volume (MCV), average hemoglobin content in erythrocytes (МСН), average concentration of hemoglobin in erythrocytes (МСНС), number of platelets, and AST activity against the background of a slight decrease in total protein content, creatinine, urea, and ALT activity.
The use of the drug in a 10-fold therapeutic dose caused an increase in animal body weight, creatinine, urea, ALT, and AST activity against the background of a decrease in the concentration of hemoglobin, the number of leukocytes and erythrocytes, the value of hematocrit, the average volume of erythrocytes (MCV), the average content of hemoglobin in erythrocytes (МСН), the average concentration of hemoglobin in erythrocytes (МСНС), the number of platelets, and the content of total protein.
IMPROVED SELECTION AND BREEDING PARAMETERS OF THE OBROSHYN GRAY BREED GROUP OF GEESE
Authors: Petriv M. D. , Ferenc L. V. , Vovk S. O. , Fedorovych V. S.
Published: May 2024

The results of the improvement of the selection and genetic parameters of the goose population obtained by purebred linear breeding and geese with blood transfusion of the large gray breed (IV generation) of Obroshyn breeding are given.
The research was conducted on geese of the Obroshyn gray breed group with the aim of increasing the selection and breeding nucleus of geese with high-performance indicators. As a result of the selection and breeding work carried out in 2022, the effectiveness of the introductory crossbreeding of Obroshyn gray geese with great gray geese was proven. Improvement of productive qualities of Obroshyn gray geese was achieved with the infusion of large gray breed blood (IV generation) and preservation of the main qualities of this breed group: good adaptability to local conditions of feeding and maintenance, exterior, quality of meat and feather and down raw materials.
Productivity indicators of Obroshyn gray geese (I group) were: laying capacity – 38,4 pcs.; egg weight – 164,0 g; fertilization of eggs – 86,3 %; hatching of goslings – 76,4 %; live weight of geese at the age of 9 weeks - males 4310 g, females - 3800 g; preservation – 95,0 %. Obroshyn gray geese of the 4th generation obtained by transfusion of large gray breed blood (group II) were characterized by correspondingly higher indicators: in terms of laying by 3,1 %, however, fertilization was lower by 5,8 % and hatching was lower by 4.4%. The preservation of geese in this group was higher by 3,2 %, and the live weight at the age of 9 weeks was 4.4% higher in males and 3.2% higher in females. The geese of the II experimental group were superior to their peers from the I group in terms of meat quality, in terms of the weight of the uncut and cut carcass, and the yield of edible parts. Geese of experimental group II were also characterized by better meat productivity at the age of 9 weeks, in which the mass of pectoral muscles was 7.0% higher in males and 1,4 % higher in females, and the mass of thigh muscles was higher in males and females - by 4,0 and 4,8 %, respectively, than in geese of the I group.
Geese of experimental group II were also characterized by better meat productivity at the age of 9 weeks, in which the mass of pectoral muscles was 7.0% higher in males and 1.4% higher in females, and the mass of thigh muscles was higher in males and females - by 4.0 and 4.8%, respectively, than in geese of the I group.
PECULIARITIES OF THE INFLUENCE OF TYLOZIN ON THE METABOLISM OF PROTEINS AND AMINO ACIDS IN CHICKEN
Authors: Slyusar N. V.
Published: May 2024

Over the last decade, poultry farming, both for meat and eggs, has been widely developed in our country. Poultry products are widely used in the diets of the population. In this problem, it is necessary to observe the careful application of antimicrobial drugs to productive animals, as they are used by humans and not to disturb the ecosystem and not cause the formation of resistant microflora.
Taking into consideration that veterinary medicine should be more preventive than curative, the problems of poultry treatment are poorly described, it was decided that it is necessary to work with healthy organisms. Because the physiological reactivity of the body changes with pathologies even without medical interventions.
Methods of using macrolides and other pharmacological agents in sick animals and poultry are described in the literature, but there are not enough works that would highlight the data on the effect of this agent on protein and amino acid metabolism in healthy chickens.
In addition, it is known that metabolic processes in poultry take place with a fairly high intensity, and this is definitely reflected in the amount of doses of various drugs, and antibiotics in particular. Medicines in the bird's body, accordingly, are biotransformed more quickly and removed from the body faster with droppings and eggs, others accumulate in various organs and muscles. Therefore, it is important to know how the biosynthesis of the main proteins and the level of free amino acids changes under the action of the antimicrobial agent Tylozin on the days of administration and in the period after the administration of the antibiotic. The results of the research are informative.
The work is devoted to the study of the influence of an antimicrobial drug from the pharmacological group of macrolides on the metabolism of amino acids and proteins in chickens in a comparative aspect. At the same time, egg production in laying hens aged 140-150 days was taken into account. The influence of different doses of Tylosin on the protein and amino acid composition of chickens during the period of use and after the end of drug administration was studied.
It was established that changes in the metabolism of total protein, its fractions and amino acid nitrogen in the blood serum occur naturally, long-term, in different directions and, proportionally, depend on the dose of the drug. The effect of the drug was studied in minimum, average and maximum doses.
ETIOTROPIC THERAPY OF BACTERIAL RESPIRATORY AND INTESTINAL INFECTIONS OF CATTLE
Authors: Stetsko T. I.
Published: May 2024

Bacterial infections take one of the main places in the pathology of cattle. The article presents a literature review on the etiotropic therapy of bacterial respiratory and intestinal diseases of cattle. Means of etiotropic therapy of bacterial infections are chemotherapeutic drugs, the active substances of which are antibiotics and sulfonamides, to which the causative agents of these diseases are sensitive.
Respiratory infections are the most common diseases of young cattle. The causative agents of bacterial pneumonia include Mannheimia hemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Mycoplasma spp., Histophilus somni, Arcanobacterium pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae and others. For the treatment of pneumonia in young cattle, benzylpenicillin, aminopenicillins (amoxicillin, ampicillin), tetracyclines (oxytetracycline, doxycycline), spectinomycin, combination of sulfonamide and trimethoprim, tiamulin, macrolides (tylosin, spiramycin, tilmicosin, tulathromycin, gamithromycin), fluorphenicol, cephalosporins of the third or fourth generations (ceftiofur, cefquinome), fluoroquinolones (enrofloxacin, danofloxacin, marbofloxacin) are mainly used.
One of the most common diseases of calves from birth to 3 months of age is gastroenteritis with a complex of diarrheal symptoms. Bacterial agents that cause diarrhea include pathogenic escherichia, salmonella, clostridia, citrobacteria, enterococci, yersinia, pseudomonads, campylobacter, and others. Opportunistic microorganisms, what include bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family, are played a special role in the occurrence of diseases of the digestive tract of young cattle.
Etiotropic therapy of bacterial intestinal infections of calves with diarrhea syndrome is aimed at the causative agent of intestinal infection in the blood due to bacteremia and in the small intestine due to bacterial growth. Antimicrobial drugs of the first choice for the treatment of diarrheal enteritis of calves are parenteral amoxicillin and ampicillin, amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, a combination of sulfonamide/trimethoprim, and the second choice are cephalosporins of the third (ceftiofur) and fourth (cefquinome) generations. Aminoglycosides (neomycin, gentamicin, apramycin, spectinomycin) and fluoroquinolones are the last choice for the treatment of bacterial intestinal infections of calves. For the treatment of colibacteriosis and salmonellosis of calves, colistin, an antibiotic of the polymyxin group, what is a critically important antimicrobial drug for both veterinary and human medicine, is often used.
It is important that the choice of means of etiotropic therapy of bacterial respiratory and intestinal infections of cattle is based on the antimicrobial sensitivity of the pathogen (pathogens) of the disease, what will increase the effectiveness of treatment and minimize the selection of antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms.
Penerapan Metode Mind Mapping Materi Pentingnya Nilai-Nilai Pancasila Pada Peserta Didik Kelas X SMA Negeri 21 Surabaya
Authors: Iman Firmansyah Machdi
Published: May 2024

PPKn merupakan salah satu dari mata pelajaran wajib sangat yang penting untuk menanamkan dan menerapkan nilai-nilai moral dalam kehidupan sehari-hari pada generasi muda. Seorang guru memiliki tantangan tersendiri dalam melakukan tugasnya sebagai seorang pendidik. Terlebih lagi di tengah pandemi Covid-19, Pembelajaran Tatap Muka (PTM) kini harus dialihkan dan juga beradaptasi dengan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ). Di SMA Negeri 21 Surabaya, masih banyak ditemukan peserta didik kelas X yang kurang memahami pentingnya nilai-nilai Pancasila, baik ketika pembelajaran secara online melalui aplikasi Google classroom, Zoom maupun ketika pelaksanaan PAT secara langsung di sekolah. Sumber isu yang diangkat dapat berasal dari individu, unit kerja, maupun organisasi. Isu yang menjadi dasar bersumber dari aspek: a) Whole of Government (WoG), b) Pelayanan Publik, dan c) Manajemen ASN. Berdasarkan analisis diperoleh isu utama yang diangkat berkaitan “Peserta didik merasa kurang memahami pentingnya nilai-nilai Pancasila”. Hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan pada bulan Juni dan Juli tahun 2021 di SMA Negeri 21 Surabaya disimpulkan: 1) Seluruh kegiatan terlaksana tanpa kendala, 2) Kegiatan selama di SMA Negeri 21 Surabaya telah memenuhi nilai-nilai dasar dari keprofesian ASN yaitu ANEKA, dan 3) Penerapan ANEKA mendorong terwujudnya visi dan misi organisasi, dan 4) Kegiatan dapat meningkatkan pemahaman peserta didik kelas X terhadap pentingnya nilai-nilai Pancasila melalui metode mind mapping.
Pelaksanaan Bimbingan Dan Konseling Pada Kursus Calon Pengantin Di KUA Srono Kabupaten Banyuwangi
Authors: Alfi Syahfitra Hardas
Published: May 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah 1) Untuk mengetahui implementasi bimbingan dan konseling pada Kursus Calon Pengantin di KUA Srono Kabupaten Banyuwangi, 2) Untuk mengetahui faktor penghambat implementasi bimbingan dan konseling pada Kursus Calon Pengantin di KUA Srono Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Sedangkan penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan analisis data yang meliputi pekerjaan, mengatur, pengelompokan, pemberian kode dan mengategorikannya. Kesimpulan 1) Pelaksanaan bimbingan pada suscatin adalah berupa bimbingan kepada masyarakat yang akan melaksanakan nikah, pihak KUA Kecamatan telah membuat tabel prosedur pernikahan yang diletakkan di ruang tamu atau ruang resepsionis, agar masyarakat mudah mengetahuinya. Di samping itu terpasang papan pengumuman pelaksanaan pernikahan. Semua jenis pengumuman diletakkan pada tempat yang mudah dibaca. 2) Faktor penghambat pelaksanaan bimbingan dan konseling pada Kursus Calon Pengantin (Suscatin) di KUA Srono Kabupaten Banyuwangi yaitu sebagai berikut: a) Terbatasnya SDM yang profesional di KUA Kecamatan Srono Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Terbatasnya tenaga profesional, karena KUA Srono Kabupaten Banyuwangi hanya memiliki dua pembimbing kursus calon pengantin. b) Kurangnya pemahaman petugas KUA tentang bimbingan dan konseling. c) Masih ada sebagian masyarakat yang belum menyadari arti pentingnya penasihatan. d) Kurangnya disiplin para calon pengantin saat mengikuti suscatin. e) Keterbatasan waktu dalam memberikan kursus calon pengantin sehingga banyak materi yang tidak tersampaikan. f) Sarana dan pra sarana yang minim.
Implementasi Bimbingan Kelompok Dengan Teknik Simulation Games Untuk Meningkatkan Komunikasi Interpersonal Siswa Kelas VIII MTsN 3 Banyuwangi
Authors: Eka Hikmah Aprilia
Published: May 2024

Komunikasi interpersonal adalah interaksi seseorang pada orang lain dalam situasi dan bidang kehidupan, menimbulkan kebahagiaan dan keputusan hati pada kedua belah pihak. Usia sekolah merupakan usia yang cocok bagi anak diajarkan interpersonal. Melalui komunikasi individu menciptakan dan mengelola hubungan. Tanpa komunikasi hubungan tidak akan terjadi. Masalah penelitian ini adalah komunikasi interpersonal siswa yang rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui penggunaan layanan bimbingan kelompok simulation games untuk meningkatkan komunikasi interpersonal siswa kelas VIII MTsN 3 Banyuwangi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah pre-test post-test dengan One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Sampel penelitian ini siswa kelas VIII MTsN 3 Banyuwangi yang dikategorikan memiliki komunikasi interpersonal yang rendah. Kemudian didapatkan 32 sampel dengan kategori rendah melalui Purposive Sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi interpersonal siswa sebelum diberikan layanan bimbingan kelompok menggunakan teknik permainan simulasi skor yang diperoleh di kelas eksperimen sebesar 523 dengan rata-rata 65,38 dan skor dikelas kontrol sebesar 568 dengan rata-rata 71 dan setelah dilakukan layanan bimbingan kelompok menggunakan permainan simulasi skor di kelas eksperimen berubah menjadi 1253 dengan rata-rata 156,63 dan skor di kelas kontrol sebesar 876 dengan rata-rata 109,5. Sehingga dari hasil penelitian dapat dikatakan bahwa teknik permainan simulasi dalam layanan bimbingan kelompok efektif meningkatkan komunikasi interpersonal siswa di sekolah dengan pengaruh 85% dan termasuk kategori sangat efektif.
Kinerja Birokrasi Aparat Pemerintahan Di Kantor Kecamatan Tanjunganom Kabupaten Nganjuk Provinsi Jawa Timur
Authors: Lukman Hakim
Published: May 2024

Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui kinerja birokrasi aparat pemerintahan di Kantor Kecamatan Tanjunganom Kabupaten Nganjuk, khususnya tingkat efisiensi organisasi, kerja, kerja sama tim, dan hubungan antara pimpinan dan bawahan, serta faktor pendukung dan penghambat kinerja birokrasi. Populasi penelitian adalah keseluruhan pegawai sebanyak 109 orang, selanjutnya dilakukan penarikan sampel sebanyak 49 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kinerja birokrasi berada taraf baik. Hal ini terlihat pada semua variabel, yakni: efisiensi, kerja sama tim, dan hubungan antara pimpinan dan bawahan. Faktor pendukung kinerja birokrasi antara lain; tingkat kerja sama solid, hubungan vertikal dan horizontal harmonis, serta dukungan pemerintah dan masyarakat cukup memadai. Faktor penghambat antara lain, alokasi anggaran pengembangan pegawai relatif rendah, kurangnya inisiatif dinas menyusun program pengembangan pegawai, pola pengembangan pegawai saat ini masih sentralistis, inisiatif pegawai mengembangkan diri masih rendah; dan jangkauan wilayah kerja dinas luas dibanding jumlah pegawai yang dimiliki, sehingga mempersulit pengontrolan. Implikasi direkomendasikan seperti berikut: 1) perlu rasionalisasi pegawai dan penataan struktur organisasi dalam Kecamatan Tanjunganom Kabupaten Nganjuk, 2) pengelolaan organisasi birokrasi yang menekankan pendekatan prosedur harus disempurnakan melalui perubahan visi, misi, pendekatan, strategi dan kegiatan operasional agar tercipta, kerja sama tim yang prima, hubungan kerja berdasar pendekatan partisipasi dan kelompok kerja guna mencapai misi organisasi yang efisiensi, efektif, dan berkeadilan ke arah yang lebih baik.
HUMANIZAÇÃO COMO TEMA DE ENSINO EM UM PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Rezende Letícia Volpe , Sousa Silva Júnia Lanny , Franciscon Ana Luisa da Cruz , Dias de Moura Raysa Cristina , Fernandes Gabriela Perdigão , Martins Lemos Ana Paula de Souza , Pan Raquel
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: relatar a experiência vivenciada por enfermeiras mestrandas e docente de disciplina eletiva de universidade pública do interior de Minas Gerais. Método: estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, a fim de relatar reflexões críticas acerca da Política Nacional de Humanização (PNH) realizadas em disciplina de Programa de Pós-graduação stricto sensu ministrada entre agosto e novembro de 2023. Resultados: participaram sete enfermeiras, todas do sexo feminino, com vivências em instituições de saúde públicas e privadas. Foi possível compreender sobre diversos aspectos, e duas categorias foram elaboradas: Repercussões e entraves referentes à implantação plena da PNH; Humanização e ensino teórico-prático nas instituições formadoras. Também foi produzido um mapa mental sobre a temática. Conclusão: destaca-se a importância de discutir sobre humanização nas instituições de ensino para o aprofundamento do tema e disseminação do conhecimento associado ao olhar prático humanizado.
VITAMINA B12 E SUA RELAÇÃO COM TRANSTORNO DEPRESSIVO MAIOR.
Authors: Lansing Cocconi Isabella , Pozza Huwe Laura Fernanda , Dhamer Thricy , Pozzobon Adriane
Published: May 2024

A vitamina B12 é um nutriente essencial para o bom funcionamento do organismo. Além disso, estudos científicos têm sugerido uma possível relação entre a deficiência de vitamina B12 e a ocorrência de transtornos do humor, como o transtorno depressivo maior. O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar a prevalência da dosagem de vitamina B12 entre adultos, e avaliar a relação entre os níveis de B12 relatados com a presença ou não de transtorno depressivo maior. A amostra avaliada foi constituída por 145 participantes que responderam um questionário estruturado. O transtorno depressivo maior foi avaliado pelo instrumento Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Resultados: A média de idade foi de 28,64 ±11,75 anos  variando entre 18 e 66 anos. A média do IMC foi de 23,79± 3,78 kg/m2 indicando eutrofia. Os resultados fornecidos pelo PHQ-9 indicam que na amostra analisada a maioria apresentou transtorno mínimo e leve. Com relação à dosagem da vitamina B12, a maioria 73,8% referiu já ter dosado alguma vez a vitamina, porém somente 40% têm o hábito de dosar a vitamina regularmente. A média da vitamina B12 na amostra avaliada dos que referiram o valor foi de 362,11 ± 147,16 pg/mL. 53,8% referiu não fazer uso de suplementação com vitamina B12, contudo ao fazer uso da suplementação, 88,9% referiu se sentir melhor com o uso da vitamina B12. Diante do exposto pode-se inferir que na amostra avaliada que o transtorno depressivo maior é frequente dentre os jovens e que a dosagem da vitamina B12 é um parâmetro a ser considerado no acompanhamento, tendo em vista sua modulação sobre o sistema nervoso e influência em transtornos de humor.
Effect of kinematics of working tool during surface plastic deformation on performance characteristics of reinforced parts
Authors: Nguen Hyiu Hay  , Zaydes S.А.
Published: May 2024

The article presents the results of experimental studies to determine the influence of the kinematics of the working tool during surface plastic deformation (SPD) on the operational properties of machine parts: wear resistance, corrosion resistance and flexural rigidity. As a result of experimental studies of the quality of the surface layer of machine parts, it was established that when hardened by surface plastic deformation with a toroidal roller with reverse circular motion, in comparison with a similar roller, but rotating relative to the central axis and with a roller that performs circular rotation relative to the central axis passing through the plane, connecting single-radius elements, wear resistance increases by 69,6 % and 29,8 %, the corrosion rate decreases by 53,0 % and 23,8 % and flexural stiffness increases by 58,0 % and 36,8 %, respectively.
An All-In-One, Low-Cost Photogrammetry Rig for 3D Plant Modelling and Phenotyping
Authors:   , Hrzich Joe
Published: May 2024

Photogrammetry, the science of generating 3D models of objects from photographs, offers a comprehensive method for acquiring, studying, and analyzing detailed information about the structure of objects. Utilizing the cost-effective Structure from Motion (SfM) technique, it is possible to generate 3D models from numerous 2D images taken from various angles. Point clouds represent a standard format for 3D data generated by depth sensors such as LIDARs and RGB-D cameras. Despite their utility, high-quality 3D scanners, costing upwards of $70,000, remain relatively expensive for many researchers and practitioners within the agricultural sector. In response, we have developed a low-cost, close-range photogrammetry rig, priced at $2,600, to support agronomists, plant scientists, and breeders. This work outlines the development of our device, which integrates a multi-camera system featuring the Arducam 64MP Autofocus Quad-Camera Kit, a rotary table from Ortery, and a Raspberry Pi for comprehensive control and processing. Our scanner efficiently captures detailed plant 3D data, offering a valuable tool for non-destructive, automatic, and robust 3D phenotyping. It is possible to use our device across various applications, including growth monitoring and the extraction of plant traits. Specifically, we have leveraged the device to measure the canopy volume of different wheat genotypes by computing the convex hull from the 3D data. Furthermore, through our photogrammetry rig, we have developed a high-throughput, quantitative trait index for wheat to identify distinct planophile and erectophile canopy architectures.
Improved Bounds Concerning the Maximum Degree of Intersecting Hypergraphs
Authors: Frankl Peter , Wang Jian
Published: May 2024

For positive integers $n>k>t$ let $\binom{[n]}{k}$ denote the collection of all $k$-subsets of the standard $n$-element set $[n]=\{1,\ldots,n\}$. Subsets of $\binom{[n]}{k}$ are called $k$-graphs. A $k$-graph $\mathcal{F}$ is called $t$-intersecting if $|F\cap F'|\geq t$ for all $F,F'\in \mathcal{F}$. One of the central results of extremal set theory is the Erdős-Ko-Rado Theorem which states that for $n\geq (k-t+1)(t+1)$ no $t$-intersecting $k$-graph has more than $\binom{n-t}{k-t}$ edges. For $n$ greater than this threshold the $t$-star (all $k$-sets containing a fixed $t$-set) is the only family attaining this bound. Define $\mathcal{F}(i)=\{F\setminus \{i\}\colon i\in F\in \mathcal{F}\}$. The quantity $\varrho(\mathcal{F})=\max\limits_{1\leq i\leq n}|\mathcal{F}(i)|/|\mathcal{F}|$ measures how close a $k$-graph is to a star. The main result (Theorem 1.3) shows that $\varrho(\mathcal{F})>1/d$ holds if $\mathcal{F}$ is 1-intersecting, $|\mathcal{F}|>2^dd^{2d+1}\binom{n-d-1}{k-d-1}$ and $n\geq 4(d-1)dk$. Such a statement can be deduced from earlier results, however only for much larger values of $n/k$ and/or $n$. The proof is purely combinatorial, it is based on a new method: shifting ad extremis. The same method is applied to obtain a nearly optimal bound in the case of $t\geq 2$ (Theorem 1.4).
Spectral Extremal Results on Trees
Authors: Fang Longfei , Lin Huiqiu , Shu Jinlong , Zhang Zhiyuan
Published: May 2024

Let ${\rm spex}(n,F)$ be the maximum spectral radius over all $F$-free graphs of order $n$, and ${\rm SPEX}(n,F)$ be the family of $F$-free graphs of order $n$ with spectral radius equal to ${\rm spex}(n,F)$. Given integers $n,k,p$ with $n>k>0$ and $0\leq p\leq \lfloor(n-k)/2\rfloor$, let $S_{n,k}^{p}$ be the graph obtained from $K_k\nabla(n-k)K_1$ by embedding $p$ independent edges within its independent set, where '$\nabla$' means the join product. For $n\geq\ell\geq 4$, let $G_{n,\ell}=S_{n,(\ell-2)/2}^{0}$ if $\ell$ is even, and $G_{n,\ell}=S_{n,(\ell-3)/2}^{1}$ if $\ell$ is odd. Cioabă, Desai and Tait [SIAM J. Discrete Math. 37 (3) (2023) 2228-2239] showed that for $\ell\geq 6$ and sufficiently large $n$, if $\rho(G)\geq \rho(G_{n,\ell})$, then $G$ contains all trees of order $\ell$ unless $G=G_{n,\ell}$. They further posed a problem to study ${\rm spex}(n,F)$ for various specific trees $F$. Fix a tree $F$ of order $\ell\geq 6$, let $A$ and $B$ be two partite sets of $F$ with $|A|\leq |B|$, and set $q=|A|-1$. We first show that any graph in ${\rm SPEX}(n,F)$ contains a spanning subgraph $K_{q,n-q}$ for $q\geq 1$ and sufficiently large $n$. Consequently, $\rho(K_{q,n-q})\leq {\rm spex}(n,F)\leq \rho(G_{n,\ell})$, we further respectively characterize all trees $F$ with these two equalities holding. Secondly, we characterize the spectral extremal graphs for some specific trees and provide asymptotic spectral extremal values of the remaining trees. In particular, we characterize the spectral extremal graphs for all spiders, surprisingly, the extremal graphs are not always the spanning subgraph of $G_{n,\ell}$.
Diverse avenues of research support the transmethylation theory of psychosis: implications for neuroprotection
Authors: Miller Christine L.
Published: May 2024

Transmethylation in the context of psychiatry has historically referred to the enzymatic transfer of a methyl group from one biochemical to another, whose resulting function can change so dramatically that a biochemical like tryptamine, for example, is converted into the hallucinogen dimethyltryptamine. Central to endogenous methylation activity is the folate cycle, which generates the primary transferable methyl groups in mammalian biochemistry. The relevance of this cycle to mental health becomes clear when the cycle is dysregulated, often leading to a buildup of both homocysteine and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), while accompanied by a transient reduction in the intended physiologic target, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). This paper includes an in-depth review of the causes of folate cycle perturbations associated with psychotic symptoms, expounding on alternative downstream pathways which are activated and pointing toward potential etiologic agents of the associated psychosis, the methylated tertiary amines N-methyl-salsolinol, N-methyl-norsalsolinol, and adrenochrome, which appear in scientific reports concerning their association with hallucinogenic and/or neurotoxic outcomes. Electrotopological state (E-state) data has been generated for these compounds, illustrating a strong similarity with hallucinogens, particularly in terms of the E-state of the nitrogen in their tertiary amine moieties. In light of the role the folate cycle plays in transmethylation, neuroprotective strategies to prevent the transition to psychosis are suggested, including the advisory that folate supplementation can be harmful depending on the status of other relevant biochemicals.
Secondary predication in Irish and the syntax-prosody interface
Authors: Caso Anabelle , Ó Muirthile Oisín
Published: May 2024

Cross-linguistically, secondary predicates may be distinguished from event-modifiers (e.g. adverbs or converbs) and individual-modifiers (e.g. attributive adjectives, participles, or prepositional phrases) via the presence or absence of prosodic processes and phonetic cues. This paper examines the prosodic behavior of secondary predicates in Modern Irish, which can form bare adjectival depictive and resultative secondary predicates. We show that Mod. Irish bare AP secondary predicates are distinguished from surface distributionally equivalent attributive modifiers through the morphophonological system of initial mutation and cues such as phrase-final lengthening and pauses. These facts support an analysis of secondary predicates as extraposition structures that project to a φ-max/ι-boundary, mapping to complex syntactico-semantic representations. Evidence from Italian consonant gemination (raddoppiamento sintattico) and Georgian boundary tones are likewise discussed under the proposed analysis.