bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nigella sativa Oil Improves Follicular Reserve in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Ovarian Toxicity: A Histomorphological and Hormonal Assessment in Female Rats
Authors: Jibril Murtala , O. Ekwere Ekwere , Samuel O. EDE , Bello M. Mohammed , Ali Ishaq Shugaba
Published: August 2024

Histomorphological studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of NS-Oil (NS) on ovarian toxicity induced by cyclophosphamide in female rats. The research aimed to assess the histological changes in ovarian tissue and correlate these findings with alterations in serum gonadotropin levels. The experimental design involved three (3) experimental groups treated with cyclophosphamide, NS-Oil oil, or a combination, with control group for comparison. Histological assessments of ovarian sections were performed to analyze structural integrity, follicular development, and toxicity signs, while serum samples were analyzed for estradiol, progestin levels.Cyclophosphamide administration significantly disrupted ovarian architecture, reducing follicle count and causing follicular degeneration. Conversely, NS-Oil oil treatment exhibited protective effects, restoring normal histological features and improving gonadotropin levels. Image J software, calibrated with a table micrometer, was used to measure diameters of follicles, follicular cells, and oocytes. Primary, secondary, and tertiary follicles were classified according to Oktay et al. (2017). Body weight showed no significant difference across groups, but ovarian weight decreased in cyclophosphamide-treated groups compared to controls (p < 0.05). However, ovarian weight increased dose-dependently in NS-Oil-treated groups (p < 0.05).Cyclophosphamide reduced ovarian cortex and medulla volumes (p < 0.05), while NS-Oil treatment increased these volumes (p < 0.05). Pre-antral and antral follicle counts decreased with cyclophosphamide but increased following NS-Oil treatment (p < 0.05). Atretic follicle counts decreased in both cyclophosphamide and NS-Oil-treated groups (p < 0.05). The diameters of pre-antral and antral follicles, as well as follicular cells, decreased with cyclophosphamide but increased post NS-Oil treatment (p < 0.05).These results suggest that NS-Oil may offer a therapeutic strategy to mitigate ovarian damage associated with cyclophosphamide treatment, highlighting its potential role in preserving reproductive health in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action and the efficacy of NS-Oil in clinical settings.
On the threshold of a new reality
Authors: Malinetskii Georgii Gennadyevich , Kolesnikov Andrey Vitalievich
Published: August 2024

We present an analysis of the reports and discussions at round tables, as well as the considered forecasts at the VII International Conference “Designing the Future and the Horizons of Digital Reality”. The seventh forum was held on February 15 and 16, 2024 at the Business and Cultural Complex of the Embassy of the Republic of Belarus in the Russian Federation. Interdisciplinarity and analysis of the key issues facing the world, the Union State of Belarus and Russia from the point of view of self-organization or synergy are an important feature of the entire series of conferences. Temin “synergetics” was proposed in the 1970s by the German theoretical physicist H. Haken. Introducing it, he had in mind an approach whose development would require the joint creative efforts of scien-tists in the natural sciences, the humanities, mathematicians, and engineers. This fully applies to this conference, a key role in the organization of which was played by the staff of the Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus and the RAS Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics. The dialogue between mathematicians, philosophers, entrepreneurs, psychologists, sociologists, teachers, physicists that took place at this conference turned out to be very interesting and useful, and also provided another example of constructive and meaningful cooperation between scientists and specialists of the two countries in the framework of development a single scientific space of the Union State.
On the threshold of a new reality
Authors: Malinetskii Georgii Gennadyevich
Published: August 2024

Currently, the “spring” of artificial intelligence is taking place. It is connected with the fact that people taught machines to “teach themselves” in order to answer our questions, play the games we created, draw. What was considered “human” has already become machine. There are many temptations that change, at first glance, our reality for the better. The text discusses several such temptations and considers the most likely “payment” for them – from a new slave ownership to a rejection of progress and the transition to loneliness, as a natural form of being. The texts reveal the essence of the choice that humanity will now have to make spontaneously or consciously.
The problem of the relationship of goal-setting and educational results in the management of the system of general education in Russia
Authors: Novikova Galina Viktorovna
Published: August 2024

The article analyzes the reasons for the poor educational results of Russian schoolchildren, collected facts from various sources that testify to the systemic crisis of management of the general education system. There are significant differences in the focus on federal, regional and educational organizations. Lack of hierarchical system of criteria and indicators of effectiveness of educational process, substitution of pedagogical sense of efficiency of education with economic efficiency of spending of financial and human resources, violate the analysis of the activities of educational organizations. The article draws conclusions on the necessity of use of adequate criteria and indicators of effectiveness of activity of teachers and managers of the system of general education.
Ecological and anthropological potential of social development
Authors: Lazarevich Natalya Alexandrovna
Published: August 2024

The problems of the modern ecological and anthropological crisis, which ambivalently manifests itself in the conditions of innovative technological practice and the social development determined by it, are discussed in the article. Attention is drawn to the environmental imperatives of human socialization in a technogenic society and the search for models of civilizational development focused on environmental and humanitarian values. The directions for achieving safe social development taking into account innovative measures to maintain natural resource potential, changing the anthropocentric to the bioanthropocentric model of socio-natural evolution are revealed. In this connection the task of forming a person’s environmental consciousness and worldview based on new principles of ecological education and upbringing has been updated and justified.
Passionary Oscillator
Authors: Kolesnikov Andrey Vitalievich
Published: August 2024

A one-dimensional nonlinear mapping is proposed that describes the dynamics of a passionary oscillator and is capable of transitioning to chaos through a series of period doubling bifurcations. Its dynamic behavior was studied and a bifurcation tree was constructed, which differs from the Feigenbaum diagram. Based on the formula of the passionary oscillator, a continuum cellular automaton has been developed, generating non-repeating symmetroids and quasi-chaotic distinctive structures. The system of passionary oscillators is considered as a possible basis for subsequent modeling of sociodynamic processes.
Philosophy of childhood: from imaginary representations to scientific discourse
Authors: Doronina Svetlana Gennadievna
Published: August 2024

The author in the article examines current problems in the study of childhood, which are closely related to determining the ways of forming the meanings of this phenomenon in history and culture. It is suggested that scientific approaches that proceed from pre-established knowledge about the phenomenon of childhood and reduce it to identifying a number of criteria and characteristics that allow a clear demarcation between children and adults are incorrect. The search for new methodologies for studying childhood in the context of interdisciplinary synthesis and philosophical phenomenological and hermeneutic perspectives for its consideration, focused on an essential and meaningful understanding of this phenomenon, and the formation of an integrative idea of it, is being updated.
AI as Other: Reconfiguring Human in Machines Like Me and Klara and the Sun
Authors: Chen Jinming , Liang Xiaohui
Published: August 2024

Ian McEwan’s Machines Like Me and Kazuo Ishiguro’s Klara and the Sun are two British novels, both addressing the prevailing human anxieties about posthuman entities in the new century. Previous studies have extensively focused on the artificial intelligence in the form of these posthuman entities as “the other” as represented by the two novels, neglecting the crucial shift in human cognition of their own identity in their interaction with this “other” existence. Deploying Lacanian concept of “the other”, this paper attempts to explore the reconfiguration of human identity in terms of posthuman otherness in these two texts. It finds that the otherness of the AI characters in both novels presents in three aspects, namely, technological, moral, and emotional. Technologically, Adam in Machines Like Me embodies manufactured perfection, highlighting the mediocrity of humans; Klara in Klara and the Sun demonstrates the functionality of an Artificial Friend (AF), contrasting human vulnerabilities and failings of “lifting”. Morally, Adam upholds absolute justice for the public good, whereas humans are found to approach moral conundrums with greater flexibility; Klara’s “planned obsolescence” exacerbates her alienation and fear, while humans exercise greater autonomy to extend and enhance their lives. Emotionally, Adam possesses rich machine emotions and openly expresses his desires, unlike humans who often suppress and hesitate to articulate their feelings; Klara maintains the machine’s dedication and sacrifice in intimate relationships and humans gradually erode faith in love and hope. To conclude, this paper posits that AI serves as a mirror to human nature and human cognition of their own identity in a posthuman era.
Abortion Return Rates and Wait Times Before and After Texas’ Executive Order Banning Abortion During COVID-19
Authors: Whitfield Brooke , Sierra Gracia , Lerma Klaira , Goyal Vinita , Thaxton Lauren , Kumar Bhavik , Gilbert Allison , White Kari
Published: August 2024

Objectives. To assess the associations between the executive order that Texas governor Greg Abbott issued on March 22, 2020, postponing procedures deemed not immediately medically necessary, and patients’ access to abortion care in Texas.

Methods. We used 17 515 individual-level patient records from 13 Texas abortion facilities for matched periods in 2019 and 2020 to examine differences in return rates for abortion after completion of a state-mandated ultrasound and median wait times between ultrasound and abortion visits for those who returned.

Results. Patients were less likely to return for an abortion if they had an ultrasound while the executive order was under effect (82.8%) than in the same period in 2019 (90.4%; adjusted odds ratio = 2.06; 95% confidence interval = 1.12, 3.81). Compared with patients at or before 10.0 weeks’ gestation at ultrasound, patients at more than 10 weeks’ gestation had higher odds of not returning for an abortion or, if they returned, experienced greater wait times between ultrasound and abortion visits.

Conclusions. Texas’ executive order prohibiting abortion during the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted patients’ access to care and disproportionately affected patients who were past 10 weeks’ gestation. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(10):1013–1023. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307747 )
Ring-Embedded Finger Over Proximal Interphalangeal Joint with Preserved Neurovascularization
Authors: Chen Wei-Cheng , Chi Kuan-Yu , Chiang Chang-Jung , Chen Chia-Hsien
Published: August 2024

Case:

We present a unique case of a 45-year-old man with his right middle finger embedded with rings. Limited finger flexion was noted because of flexor tendon injury caused by the dorsal migration of the embedded ring through joint. The rings were removed under anesthesia, resulting in the resolution of swelling and recover of osseous structure. Follow-up examinations revealed no residual edema or numbness, indicating preserved neurovascularization, despite the dorsal migration of the ring.

Conclusion:

Our unique case reveals continuous finger ring migration without compromising neurovascular bundles, with review of 30 cases emphasizing the importance of psychiatric consultation. Timely intervention yielded nearly half of patients achieving full recovery.
Repair quality assessment : Spiral 4
Authors: Rushing Jami , Ward Andrew , Tingle Jeb
Published: August 2024

The Expedient and Expeditionary Airfield Damage Repair (E-ADR), Joint Capability Technology Demonstration (JCTD) program developed, demonstrated, and transitioned a repeatable capability for rapidly repairing bomb-damaged craters at adaptive base locations using logistically friendly technologies, indigenous materials, and less manpower than traditional crater repair methods. Within the E-ADR JCTD program, quality assessment took a major role to ensure quality repairs were performed while meeting the requirements of “just enough, just in time.” Repair criteria for backfill compaction and surface cap quality were developed through extensive testing. These criteria were incorporated into an easy-to-use and deployable smartphone application, the E-ADR Repair Assessment (ERA) application. This report focuses on the backfill quality assessment criteria development, roughness tolerance of surface caps checking procedure, and the development of the ERA application. The criteria and the ERA application both proved successful in the expedient evaluation of backfill and surface cap materials.
Effects of an intervention for fear of progression in childhood cancer patients and their parents: results of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Herrmann Jessy , Kern Laura , Santel Anja , Kulisch Leonard Konstantin , Hoffmann Rahel , Engelhardt-Lohrke Christa , Herzog Kristina , Chen-Santel Christiane , Christiansen Holger , Schepper Florian
Published: August 2024

Background: For pediatric oncology patients and their parents, Fear of Progression (FoP) is a main psychosocial burden. We developed an intervention and examined its effectiveness in a small sample.
Methods: 29 families with a child with cancer in acute treatment or follow-up care and elevated FoP-levels participated. The intervention consists of psychoeducation, anxiety confrontation, and resource activation and is proofed in a randomized control study with a wait list group who received treatment as usual (tau). All participants completed questionnaires on FoP and secondary outcomes (e.g. depression) at different time points. We calculated Mann-Whitney-U-tests for between as well as Friedman and Wilcoxon tests for within group comparisons. Multiple regression was used to explore differential effectiveness.
Results: There was a significant difference in FoP after intervention/tau between the two groups (W=65.5, p=.023) with high effect size (g=-0.855, 95% CI [-1.596;-0.115]). The pre-post and follow-up comparison showed that parental (χ²[2]=24.14, p<.001, ω=0.377, CI [0.18;0.62]) and child’s (χ²[2]=24,14, p<.001, ω=0.124, 95% CI [0.19;0.62]) FoP differed between the measurement points but only for parental FoP post-hoc tests revealed a decrease after intervention (W=462.5, p<.001, g=0.855; 95% CI [0.517;1.193]) and follow-up (W=503, p<.001, g=0.893; 95% CI [0.586; 1.218]). Time since diagnosis may influence the intervention effect (β=-0.447; p=.004).
Discussion: The intervention can reduce parental FoP and seems promising for children. A major limitation of our study is the small sample size.
Conclusion: The intervention represents an initial approach to treat elevated FoP in pediatric oncology. Retrospectively registered at the German Trail Registry (TRN: DRKS00024106, 04.05.2022).
Calcium oxalate in the bark of stone birch (Betula ermanii): morphology, age trends, and biomineralization dynamics under salt stress in mud volcanic environments
Authors: Kopanina Anna , Sokol Ella , Talskikh Anastasia , Vlasova Inna , Deviatiiarova Anna , Ershov Valery , Filippova Kseniya
Published: August 2024

The patterns of crystalline Сa oxalate (whewellite) accumulation can be a proxy of tolerance in plants exposed to stress from drought, high salinity, climate changes, pollution, etc. Age-dependent variations in the distribution and morphology of Сa oxalate in the bark of Betula ermanii growing in salt stress conditions in the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsky mud volcano were investigated for the first time and compared with the respective data from a typical environment (southern Sakhalin Island, northeastern Asia). The samples of bark were analyzed by: inductively coupled plasma optical emission and mass spectrometry, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, light microscopy. The specific number of Сa oxalate in the bark was found out to decrease systematically with age (1–147-150 year), being the highest in the parenchyma of young (1–5 year) crown branches. The decreasing age-trend of Сa oxalate in conducting phloem follows the logarithmic law and correlates with carbon flows along the phloem. The bark of trees growing in the mud volcano accumulates many elements which have higher enrichment than in the typical area: 1.2–1.6 times for K, Mg, Zn, Na, and S, 2–3 times for Ba, Ca, Sr, B, and Sb, 10 times for Li. The Сa oxalate show morphological diversity: single crystals, contact twins, spherulites nucleated around organic clots. Spherulites mainly occur in parenchyma near apical and lateral meristems. They may represent a dynamic system of emergency storage/release of C and Ca which the plants can use for metabolism and growth as a prompt response to salt stress associated with mud volcanic activity.
CMTM6 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma invasion and metastasis and tumor-associated neutrophil immunoinfiltration through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Authors: Kong Panpan , Yang Huan , Liu Huifang , Tong Qing , Dong Xiaogang , Yi Mamumaimaitijiang-Abula , Yan Dong
Published: August 2024

Background
CMTM6 is closely associated with the onset and progression of different types of tumors. However, the exact mechanism by which CMTM6 operates in hepatocellular carcinoma remains unclear, necessitating further investigation.
Methods
The expression levels of CMTM6 in liver cancer tissues and cells were analyzed using immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR. The study also investigated the relationship between CMTM6 expression in liver cancer tissues and clinical pathological characteristics and patient prognosis. Additionally, the proliferation and apoptosis of liver cancer cells with silenced or overexpressed CMTM6 were assessed, along with the measurement of β-catenin and Wnt1 protein expression levels. In vivo research was conducted using a mouse subcutaneous transplantation model. Furthermore, GSEA and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed to explore the regulatory mechanism of CMTM6. The study also examined the expression level of CD66b in tumor tissue using immunohistochemistry and analyzed the immune infiltration of CMTM6 and tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs).
Result
Increased expression levels of CMTM6 in liver cancer tissues and cells have been found to be associated with a poor prognosis for patients. Furthermore, overexpression of CMTM6 in liver cancer cells has been shown to promote cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis. Mechanistically, the expression level of CMTM6 in liver cancer tissues has been observed to be positively correlated with the expression of β-catenin. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis have demonstrated that CMTM6 is significantly enriched in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and is involved in its regulation. Additionally, CMTM6 has been found to be associated with immune infiltration of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) in liver cancer tissues.
Conclusion
CMTM6 plays a crucial role in the development and progression of liver cancer by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway through β-catenin. Additionally, CMTM6 has the ability to promote immune infiltration of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) in liver cancer tissues. Consequently, CMTM6 holds potential as both an early diagnostic marker and a novel therapeutic target for patients with liver cancer.
Costing Curative Outpatient Care for the Poorest in Burkina Faso: Informing Universal Health Coverage and Leaving No One Behind
Authors: Beaugé Yvonne , Ridde Valéry , Souleymane Sidibé , Kiendrébéogo Joël Arthur , Nguyen Hoa Thi , Bonnet Emmanuel , De Allegri Manuela
Published: August 2024

Objective
To provide decision-makers with cost information about policies aimed at facilitating free access to curative outpatient care for the poorest as part of efforts towards achieving universal health coverage and leaving no one behind.
Methods
We conducted a micro-costing study in Burkina Faso to estimate the economic costs of providing curative outpatient healthcare services to the poorest at first-level healthcare facilities, considering a health system perspective. We measured the consumption of capital costs (building and equipment) using survey data from 32 primary health facilities and recurrent costs (drugs and consumables) from medical records of 1380 poor patients in Diébougou district. These individuals were specifically targeted and exempted from user fees through a community-based targeting approach. We obtained unit costs from official price lists, pharmacy registries, and expert interviews. Furthermore, we calculated the national budget for providing curative care services to the exempted poorest based on the average cost per first-level consultation.
Results
The estimated capital and recurrent costs of providing curative care services to the poorest ranged between USD 0.59 - USD 0.61 and USD 2.58 - USD 5.00, respectively. The total cost ranged between USD 3.17 - USD 5.61 per first-level consultation. Providing curative care to the bottom 20% of the population, assuming 0.25 healthcare contacts per person per year, would result in an annual expense ranging from USD 2.77M to USD 5.38M (0.74%-1.43% of the healthcare budget in 2019). With 2 healthcare contacts per person per year, costs increase to USD 22.19M to USD 43.05M (5.91%-11.45% of the healthcare budget).
Conclusion
Our study's cost data can inform policies aimed at expanding access to curative care for the poorest in Burkina Faso, contributing to the goals of universal health coverage and leaving no one behind. Further research is needed to enhance cost estimation and budgeting for higher-level care in the country.
Postoperative Endophthalmitis among Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Kai Yang , Chan Hoi-Chun , Chan Chi Ming
Published: August 2024

Background Postoperative endophthalmitis is a severe intraocular inflammation caused by the introduction of external infectious agents, leading to irreversible visual loss if left untreated. Diabetic patients tend to have a higher risk of developing endophthalmitis after an intraocular procedure due to an impaired immune system. Nevertheless, the risk factors, visual outcomes, and incidence rates associated with exogenous endophthalmitis between diabetic and non-diabetic patients need to be explored. Purpose This study explores the risk factors, incidence rates, signs and symptoms, and visual outcomes associated with exogenous endophthalmitis among diabetic and non-diabetic patients after intraocular procedures. Methods PubMed, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library were searched. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to evaluate quality. Data were then systematically extracted and analyzed. Results In total, 15 studies were included (2 randomized controlled trials and 13 non-randomized controlled trials). Posterior capsule rupture is one risk associated with endophthalmitis after cataract surgery. Additionally, the prevalence of exogenous endophthalmitis was higher in diabetic patients, and diabetic patients achieved poorer visual acuity, unlike non-diabetic patients, who achieved better visual acuity. Conclusion According to this study, patients with diabetes are more likely to develop exogenous endophthalmitis and have poorer visual outcomes after an intraocular procedure than non-diabetic patients. Preventive strategies, prompt recognition of symptoms, and immediate treatment need to be implemented to mitigate endophthalmitis risk, especially in diabetic patients.
The calculation and analysis of along-track and cross-track crossover SSHs discrepancies from wide-swath altimetry data
Authors: Zhu Chengcheng , Li Zhen , Guo Jinyun , Zhou Maosheng , Li Wanqiu
Published: August 2024

The wide-swath sea surface height (SSH) data, obtained from the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) project, hold great significance for studying global water distribution and improving the resolution of the ocean gravity field. Compared to traditional altimeter data, the wide-swath data provide more tracks per pass, which increases the time required for calculating crossover points. To address this, the limited area method for calculating along-track and cross-track crossover points between ascending and descending passes is proposed. Based on the varying sizes of the crossover zone at different latitudes, the crossover zone can be defined within a limited area. The crossover points are then calculated from the wide-swath data within this limited area. This method is compared with other approaches, showing that it can precisely identify crossover points in a manner consistent with the latitude difference method while requiring only about one-fourth of the time. Additionally, crossover discrepancies of SWOT-measured SSHs are analyzed. Results indicate that SSH accuracy from Level 2 products is lower at the swath edges compared to the middle. The Level 3 product achieves an accuracy of approximately 0.05 m. Overall, the limited area method efficiently determines exact crossover positions and significantly reduces time consumption, and the accuracy of SSHs from the Level 2 product at the edge of the swath is lower than that at the middle of the swath. The accuracy of SSHs from the Level 3 product is consistent with that from traditional altimeters.
Determination of the Residual Efficacy of Broflanilide (VECTRONTM T500) Insecticide for Indoor Residual Spraying in a Semi-field Setting in Ethiopia
Authors: Simma Eba Alemayehu , Zegeye Habtamu , Kifle Yehenew G , Degefa Teshome , Zemene Endalew , Yewhalaw Delenasaw
Published: August 2024

The rotational use of insecticides with diverse modes of action in indoor residual spraying (IRS) is pivotal for enhancing malaria vector control and addressing insecticide resistance. A key factor in national malaria vector control programs is the rate the rate at which these insecticide’s decays. VECTRON™ T500, with broflanilide as its active ingredient, is a recently developed candidate insecticide formulation that has shown promising results in certain phase II experimental hut trials. However, its residual efficacy across different settings has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of VECTRON™ T500 on various wall surfaces (mud, dung, paint, and cement) and assess its decay rates over time in Ethiopia. Insectary-reared Anopheles arabiensis Sekoru strain mosquitoes were used to evaluate the residual efficacy of VECTRON™ T500. Female mosquitoes, aged two to three days were used for the bioassays. Seven 'tukul' type test huts, each hut with a distinct wall type (mud, dung, painted, and cemented) were used for the study. Three huts received VECTRON™ T500; three huts were sprayed with Actellic 300CS, and one hut served as a negative control (sprayed with water only). The results showed that VECTRON™ T500 demonstrated remarkable efficacy, inducing over 80% mortality in mosquitoes across all wall surface types throughout the nine-month study period. In contrast, Actellic® 300CS achieved over 80% mortality for six months, except on dung wall surfaces, after which its efficacy declined sharply below 80%. Overall, the mortality rates achieved with VECTRON™ T500 were non-inferior to Actellic® 300CS and extended up to nine months across all treated wall surface types, outperforming Actellic® 300CS. This makes VECTRON™ T500 a promising candidate insecticide formulation for use in IRS in malaria-endemic countries such as Ethiopia.
In the Pursuit of Research: Investigating the Difficulties Faced by Aspiring Young Researchers in Bangladesh
Authors: Jubair Hassan , Mehenaz Mithela
Published: August 2024

This study delves into the challenges and impediments encountered by young Bangladeshi students aspiring to embark on a research journey. Drawing participants from high schools and universities across Bangladesh, this investigation explores the multifaceted hurdles faced by these enthusiastic learners. The findings underscore a landscape rife with challenges, encompassing the scarcity of essential resources, dearth of guidance, information gaps, and formidable financial constraints. A notable revelation surfaces in the form of a substantial proportion of respondents unfamiliar with the process of publishing research articles. These results underscore the pressing need for comprehensive assistance and guidance for the budding research enthusiasts in Bangladesh. Nurturing their passion from an early age is pivotal, contributing to the augmentation of knowledge and the nurturing of the next generation of researchers. This study also underscores the significance of youth engagement in research and presents vital insights for educators, policymakers, and researchers in Bangladesh.
Prevalence and Correlates of Psychedelic Use in Poland: A Study on a Representative Sample of Polish Adults
Authors: Holas Pawel , Kaminska Justyna
Published: August 2024

Objective
Recent years have witnessed a resurgence in research exploring the therapeutic potential of classic psychedelics like psilocybin and LSD for treating mental disorders. However, there is a limited knowledge regarding the epidemiology of classic psychedelics consumption and the factors associated with their recreational use in Poland.
Methods
A representative sample of Polish citizens (N=1051 adults) completed an internet-based survey encompassing demographic inquiries, evaluations of psychedelic substance consumption including motivations and contexts, subjective assessments of psychedelics experience and evaluation of attitudes towards psychodelics and psychedelic-assisted therapy.
Results
Our study revealed that approximately 4% to 8% of Polish individuals, equivalent to around 2 million people, have experimented with psychedelic substances at least once in their lives. Men exhibited a higher likelihood of psychedelic use compared to women, with the largest cohort of users falling within the 25-34 age bracket and residing in urban areas. The most common motivation for reaching them was curiosity. The psychedelic experience was commonly described as a mixture of pleasant and unpleasant sensations. A significant portion of participants expressed a negative attitude towards psychedelics and psychedelic-assisted therapy, but previous experience with psychodelics was associated with more positive attitudes.
Conclusions
In this representative sample of Poles, we found a substantial percentage of adults who recreationally used classic psychedelics, with majority of them being young men coming from big cities. More studies are needed as well as educational programs that may foster scientific research into psychedelic therapy in Poland and the attitudes of Poles toward it.
Estética Gengival em Restaurações sobre Implantes
Authors: Silva João Carlos Costa da , Gaujac Cristiano
Published: August 2024

A evolução da implantodontia levou ao refinamento nos critérios de avaliação do sucesso do tratamento. A estética gengival, enquanto critério para avaliação do sucesso na implantodontia, se mostra na realidade como o reflexo de um conjunto de fatores de sucesso, tais como posição do implante, tipo de implante, anatomia e material utilizado na confecção do dente protético, além do tipo de conexão utilizada. O objetivo desse trabalho é realizar uma revisão da literatura acerca da estética gengival, sua análise, métodos de manutenção, condicionamento e substituição.
AGROECOLOGICAL CONTROL OF WEEDS IN COCONUT PLANTATIONS (COCOS NUCIFERA L.) THROUGH THE USE OF GREEN FERTILIZERS
Authors:   Chetumal Experimental Field, Km 3.5 Chetumal-Bacalar Highway, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico. CIRSE. INIFAP, 2 Huimanguillo Experimental Field, INIFAP., Enrique Sosa-Rubio Edgar , Cortazar-Rios Matilde ,   Chetumal Experimental Field, Km 3.5 Chetumal-Bacalar Highway, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico. CIRSE. INIFAP, 2 Huimanguillo Experimental Field, INIFAP., del Carmen Zavaleta Cordova Maria ,   Chetumal Experimental Field, Km 3.5 Chetumal-Bacalar Highway, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico. CIRSE. INIFAP, 2 Huimanguillo Experimental Field, INIFAP., Herrera Cool Gilbert ,   Chetumal Experimental Field, Km 3.5 Chetumal-Bacalar Highway, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico. CIRSE. INIFAP, 2 Huimanguillo Experimental Field, INIFAP.
Published: August 2024

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the use of green manures on weed control in coconut plantations of the Yellow Malay Dwarf variety. The study was carried out in a 19-year-old Malayan Yellow Dwarf coconut plantation with an 8 m staggered topological design and under rainfed conditions. It is located in the Chetumal Experimental Field, Quintana Roo, between parallel 18Â° 30' of LN and meridian 88Â° 29' of LW, under the influence of a warm sub humid climate, where an annual precipitation of 1,300 mm and a temperature average annual temperature of 26 Â°C. In the trial, six treatments were evaluated: coconut without cover, as a control treatment (T1) coconut + Gliricidia sepium (T2) coconut + Leucaena leucocephala (T3), coconut + Canavalia ensiformis (T4) coconut + Tithonia diversifolia (T5) and coconut + Clitoria ternatea (T6). The distribution of treatments was carried out using a completely randomized block design, with five repetitions. The variables evaluated werepercentage cover and weed population (# of plants/m2). Analysis of variance was performed for the variables studied and Tukey's test to determine the multiple difference of means (P<0.05). The SAS 9.3 statistical package was used to manage the data. You can see the rapid growth and greater coverage at 12 weeks of age, presented by the legumes Clitoria ternatea and Canavalia ensiformis, as well as the Asteraceae Tithonia diversifolia (95, 84 and 93% respectively), and compared to the legumes Leucaena leucocephala and Gliricidia sepium with valuesâ€‹of 45 and 60%, respectively (pâ‰¤0.05). Differences (pâ‰¤0.05) were found for weed population between the studied treatments the highest number of weeds was observed in treatments 1 and 2 with values â€‹â€‹of 68 and 59 (# of plants/m2), with no difference found between them (pâ‰¥0.05), but compared to treatments T3 and T4 (pâ‰¤0.05). ) that presented values â€‹â€‹of 49 and 40 plants/m2 respectively.
PREDICTION OF POSTSPINAL HYPOTENSION BASED ON PREOPERATIVE HEART RATE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CAESEREAN SECTION: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors:   Junior Resident, Department of Anaesthesiology, MRMC Kalaburgi., Fatima Subeya , A. Patil Gurulingappa ,   Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, MRMC Kalaburgi., Gadgi Siddaramesh ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, MRMC Kalaburgi., P. Babladi Manjushree ,   Senior Resident, Department of Anaesthesiology, MRMC Kalaburgi.
Published: August 2024

Background: Hypotension is most common side effect of spinal anaesthesia in obstetrics patients undergoing caesarean section. It has chances of affecting both mother and fetal well-being. Systemic hemodynamics are modulated by autonomic nervous system (ANS). Evaluation of ANS may be helpful in predicting hypotension. The present study is designed to identify the subset of pregnant patients at higher risk of developing post-spinal hypotension based on baseline heart rate (HR) prior to administration of spinal anaesthesia. Materials and Method: This was a prospective study conducted on 100 patients aged 20-30 years, of American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade I or II, posted for elective caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. Patients were divided into two groups based on their preoperative HR. Incidence of hypotension and mephentermine requirement following spinal anaesthesia were noted. Results: 39% patients out of 100 developed hypotension , of whom 27 were in the group with HR >/=91 beats per minute (bpm) (50.9%) and 12 patients were in the group with HR </=91 bpm than group with HR.
OPTIMIZATION OF BIOCHAR AND COMPOST DOSAGE TO IMPROVE YIELD AND QUALITY OF MALABAR SPINACH (BASELLA ALBA)
Authors:   Ph.D in Biological Sciences Faculty of Agronomy, BacGiang Agriculture and Forestry University., Tuan Khoi Nguyen
Published: August 2024

The application of biochar and compost in agriculture has gained significant attention for its potential to enhance soil health and crop productivity. This study investigates the optimal dosage of biochar and compost to maximize the yield and quality of Malabar spinach (Basella alba L.). A series of field experiments were conducted, employing a randomized complete block design with various combinations of biochar and compost treatments. Key parameters, including plant height, leaf area, chlorophyll content, and overall yield, were measured and analyzed. Results demonstrated that specific ratios of biochar and compost significantly improved the growth and nutritional quality of Malabar spinach compared to control treatments. The findings suggest that precise management of biochar and compost applications can be a sustainable strategy to boost crop performance, offering valuable insights for both researchers and practitioners in the field of sustainable agriculture.
EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA AMONGDIPLOMA LEVEL HEALTH SCIENCE STUDENTS IN LALITPUR, NEPAL
Authors:   Associate Professor, Campus Chief, Asian College for Advance Studies, Purbanchal University, Nepal., Ramtel Tara
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Social media is the most common activity among todays young people. Any websites that allow social interaction is considered as social media site that include Facebook, YouTube, TikTok, Instagram, etc. The influence of social media had benefited to shape their education, career, social interaction, innovation and many more. However, its use has negatively impacted on young people by distracted them. Method: A descriptive cross- sectional study was used to assess the social and behavior effects among 357 diploma level health science students in Lalitpur, Nepal. Data was collected by adopting self-administered structured questionnaire with anenumerative sampling technique. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results:Findings indicate that 77.9% students use smart phones and 23.8% spends time in social media for more than 30 minutes, 38.9% takes social media as the best communication channel and 33.6% spent most of their time in it. The high level of social effect on respondents is 44.3% which is comparably low than the behavior effect of 37.8%.The occupational status of respondents father(Ï‡2=12.41 p=0.03) and leisure time of the day of the respondents (Ï‡2=9.80 p=0.04) were significantly associated with behavior effect of social media. Conclusion: Social media has a profound effect on the social and behavioral patterns of students where social effects on the life of them are comparatively low than the behavior effect. The demographic variables have caused changes in behavior and social effect so proper awareness should be given to students.
A PRE- EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON KNOWLWEDGE REGARDING PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME AND ITS COPING STRATEGIES AMONG FIRST YEAR NURSING STUDENTS IN SELECTED COLLEGE OF NURSING, DELHI
Authors:   Assistant Professor., a Mala , P. Joseph Sheeba ,   Vice-Principal., Sharma Monika ,   Nursing Officer, King Georges Medical University., Pal Pooja ,   Staff Nurse, SantParmanand Hospital, Delhi., b Bhawna ,   Nursing Officer, Kalyan Singh Superspeciality Cancer Institute., Gaur Akanksha ,   B.Sc. Hons. Nursing., and Ritika ,   Staff Nurse, AIIMS, Delhi., . Versha ,   Staff Nurse, Shradhanand Multi- Speciality Hospital, Delhi.
Published: August 2024

A study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding Premenstrual Syndrome and its coping strategies among first year nursing students in a selected college of Nursing, Delhi. The objectives of the study were to assess the pre-test knowledge of first year nursing students regarding Premenstrual Syndrome and its coping strategies, to develop and administer Structured Teaching Programme regarding Premenstrual syndrome and its coping strategies among first year nursingstudents,toassessthepost-testknowledgeoffirstyearnursingstudentsregardingPre-menstrualSyndromeanditscopingstrategiesandtodeterminetheassociationofpre- test knowledge of first year nursing students regarding Premenstrual Syndrome and its coping strategies with socio demographic variables. Conceptual framework for this study was Imogene Kings model. Prior to the data collection, a pilot study was conducted and written permission was taken from the samples. The final study was conducted from 30/05/2022 to 04/06/2022. A total of 46 GNM Ist year nursing students were selected for the study using convenient sampling technique. The data analysis was done using descriptiveandinferentialstatistics.Thepre-teststudyresult showsthatoutof46nursing students, only 6.52% had good knowledge, 86.95% had average knowledge, 6.52% had poor knowledge regarding Premenstrual Syndrome and its coping strategies. However, after the administration of the Structured Teaching Programme, the post-test knowledge presented that 45.65% had good knowledge, 52.17% had average knowledge, and only 2.17% had poor knowledge regarding Premenstrual Syndrome and its coping strategies. There was no significant association foundbetween the pre-test knowledge level of first yearnursingstudentsandtheselecteddemographicvariablesatp<0.05levelof significance. The calculated t value (0.66) was less than the table value (2.00) at p<0.05Levelofsignificance.Hencethestudyresultsconcludedthestructuredteachingprogrammewas effective in increasingthe knowledge of the first year nursing students regardingPremenstrual Syndrome and its coping strategies.
Comparative analysis of anxiety and depressive disorders in patients with idiopathic dystonia and functional movement disorder
Authors: Tolmacheva V. A. , Spektor E. D. , Romanov D. V.
Published: August 2024

Introduction. Differential diagnosis of idiopathic and functional dystonia is often the cause of errors. The comparative severity of anxiety, depressive disorders and the level of somatization in idiopathic and functional dystonia has been poorly studied.

Aim. To comparatively analyze the severity of anxiety, depressive disorders and the level of somatization in patients with idiopathic and functional dystonia.

Materials and methods. The study included 178 patients with idiopathic dystonia, 32 patients – with functional dystonia, and the control group consisted of 50 people. The GAD-7 scale was used to assess the level of anxiety, PHQ-9 for depression, and SOMS for somatization. The EQ-5D scale was used to assess the quality of life.

Results. There was a predominance of women patients in all groups. Patients with functional dystonia were younger than patients with idiopathic dystonia, and most of them were unmarried and unemployed (p < 0.001). In separate groups of patients with idiopathic and functional dystonia, elevated levels of anxiety (9.0 and 8.0) and depression (8.0 and 16.5) were observed compared to the control group (p < 0.001), while the severity of anxiety between idiopathic and functional dystonia did not differ significantly, and the severity of depression in functional dystonia was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in patients with idiopathic dystonia. The results of the SOMS survey revealed a relative difference between the group and the maximum values in patients with functional dystonia – 22.0 (19.8; 24.0). According to the European Quality of Life Questionnaire, patients with functional dystonia had the lowest quality of life – 20.0 (10.0; 30.0).

Conclusion. Patients with functional dystonia have a lower quality of life and higher levels of depression and somatization compared to patients with functional dystonia, as well as to the control group. These data can be additional criteria in the differential diagnosis of idiopathic and functional dystonia.
Approaches to diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis and prevention of recurrent fractures in men in therapeutic practice: Clinical cases
Authors: Bashkova I. B. , Kadyrova L. R. , Kiseleva I. N.
Published: August 2024

Low-energy osteoporotic fractures in men, especially of the proximal femur, can cause disability and premature mortality. The authors bring to the discussion the relevance of early diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in men. The article presents two clinical cases of severe osteoporosis in men with a detailed analysis of the diagnostic algorithm in accordance with clinical guidelines and a discussion of the choice of zoledronic acid for the treatment of this category of patients. The first clinical case describes the case history of a patient (age 58 years) who underwent total hip replacement of the right hip joint for a low-energy fracture of the proximal femur. The specialist of the Osteoporosis Prevention and Treatment Cabinet identified risk factors contributing to the development of secondary osteoporosis (long history of smoking, alcohol abuse, comorbidities). X-ray osteodensitometry confirmed a decrease in bone mineral density in axial sections of the skeleton. Monitoring of these parameters one year after zoledronic acid infusion showed a 7.5% increase in bone mineral density in the lumbar vertebrae and a 2% increase in the femoral neck. It was decided to continue therapy with zoledronic acid for up to 6 years. The second case demonstrates the efficacy of antiresorptive therapy (zoledronic acid 5 mg/100 ml) in a 68-year-old patient with a severe form (compression fractures of two thoracic vertebral bodies) of primary osteoporosis with an aggravated family history. Observation of the patient for the next two years showed regression of pain, increase of bone mineral density, absence of new fractures, which confirmed the correct choice of zoledronic acid as a first line drug in the treatment of osteoporosis.