bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Edukasi Pencegahan Diare Berbasis Myra Levine Process Pada Anak di Wukirsari Bantul Yogyakarta
Authors: Pratiwi Etik , Prihatin Eni Septi Wulandari Dwi
Published: October 2024

Indeks Pengembangan Manusia (IPM) di Indonesia merupakan keberhasilan yakni mampu ditekannya angka kejadian penyakit menular seperti Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Atas (ISPA), Pneumonia, Tuberkulosis Paru, Hepatitis dan Diare (2) (BPS, 2020) . Diare merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian kedua pada anak dibawah lima tahun dengan jumlah 525.000 anak setiap tahunnya. Model konservasi Teori Myra Levine merupakan model keperawatan yang mengedepankan konservasi energi , konservasi integritas struktur , dan integritas personal. Konservasi Energi individu memerlukan keseimbangan energi dan memperbaharuai energi secara konstan guna mempertahankan aktivitas hidup. Pada pasien dengan diare hal ini sangat penting bagi ketahanan diri. Ibu di daerah wukirsari dengan anak Balita berpendidikan maksimal SMA dan memiliki pengetahuan yang kurang terhadap pencegahan Diare. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk membrikan edukasi, pengetahuan kepada Ibu dengan anak Balita tentang pencegahan diare menggunakan pendekatan Teori Myra Levine. Kegiatan dilakukan melalui cara edukasi dengan Focus Group Discussion. Media yang digunakan adalah Leflet, lembar refleksi dan LCD. Terdapat 30 Ibu dengan anak balita yang dibagi dalam 4 kelompok dengan masing-masing mentor tenaga kesehatan. Pengabdi memberikan edukasi mengenai pencegahan diare setelah itu peserta dilakukan FGD untuk merefleksikan pencegahan diare yang sudah dilakukan. Peserta terdiri dari Ibu peserta posyandu aktif di Dusun Manggung, Kalurahan Wukirsari, dan Kader Kesehatan. Peserta mengikuti FGD dengan aktif dan melakukan sharing, tanya jawab dan memahami pentingnya pencegahan diare.
PKM Permodelan Ekonomi Menggunakan Aplikasi System Dynamic
Authors: Samsir Andi , Irwandi Irwandi , Alam Syamsu , Jamil Muh. , Regina Regina
Published: October 2024

The partner of this Community Partnership Program (PKM) is LP2M Cokroaminoto University Makassar, South Sulawesi. Initial observations found various problems, namely: (1) not understanding panel data modeling with processing techniques in inputting data into the System Dynamic program which focuses on econometric analysis contained in panel data, (2) not knowing how to interpret or read panel data output. The solution to the problems found was given training with the target participants being students and lecturers of Cokroaminoto University Makassar. The number of participants who participated in this activity was 15 participants. The method approach used in solving existing problems is through lectures, demonstrations, discussions, questions and answers, and partner assistance. The results achieved are (1) partners have knowledge in economic modeling using the System Dynamic application, (2) partners have skills in operating the System Dynamic application, (3) partners have alternative econometric applications for data processing and economic data analysis. The success indicators of this activity can be seen from the participants' increased understanding of economic modeling with the System Dynamic application.

Keywords: Economic Modeling; System Dynamic; Data Panel.
Principal’s Leadership in Improving Teachers’ Ability to Implement the Merdeka Curriculum
Authors: Ambarwati Sri , Ahyani Nur , Rosani Meilia
Published: October 2024

This study aimed at improving teachers’ abilities at SD 83 Palembang in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum through training and mentoring. The study employed a classroom action research design.  The research subjects were the teachers at SD 83 Palembang. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data were analyzed using qualitative data analysis techniques. The research was conducted from April to May 2024 at SD 83 Palembang, involving 31 teachers and 9 educational staff as samples. The findings revealed that training and mentoring were effective in enhancing teachers’ capabilities in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum. The principal of SD 83 Palembang has fostered a positive school environment, evident in their active role in enhancing teachers’ competencies in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum. The Merdeka Curriculum grants schools and teachers greater autonomy in designing learning that aligns with students’ needs and potential. This necessitates teachers possessing adequate capabilities to effectively implement the Merdeka Curriculum.
A Systematic Review on Medicinal Plant Species to treat Pharyngitis
Authors: N. Vaja Payal , H. Borkhataria Chetan , S. Popaniya Hiral , J. Tank Chintankumar , R. Pithiya Dhrushit , N. Vachhani Akhil
Published: October 2024

Pharyngitis, commonly known as a sore throat, is a prevalent condition characterized by inflammation and discomfort in the throat. This ailment can be caused by various factors, including viral or bacterial infections, allergies, or environmental irritants. While conventional treatments like antibiotics and over-the-counter medications are widely used, interest in herbal remedies for pharyngitis has been steadily increasing. Herbal remedies have been used for centuries to treat sore throats, and there is some scientific evidence support their use. Some of the most commonly used herbs for sore throat include Glycyrrhiza glabra, Althaea officinalis, Ulmus glabra, and Salvia officinalis. These herbs can be used to make tea, lozenges, or gargles. It is important to note that herbs can interact with other medications, so it is always best to consult your doctor before using them. This abstract provides an overview of the herbal remedies that have been traditionally used and explored in recent review for alleviating pharyngitis. The paper summarizes the potential benefits of these herbs in managing sore throat infections, highlighting their anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and soothing properties as promising candidates for pharyngitis relief.
A Short Review on Introduction and Researches on Anticancerous Activity of Geldanamycin
Authors: Sami Hesham , Gour Rajesh , Kumar Singhai Akhlesh
Published: October 2024

Geldanamycin (GA) bind heat-shock protein-90 (HSP-90) and destabilize its client proteins including v-Src, Bcr-Abl, RAF-1, Erb-B2, some growth factor receptors and steroid receptors. As a result, several oncoproteins are subjected to ubiquitination and proteasomal destruction by HSP-90 active compounds. HSP-90 active substances can either stop apoptosis from occurring or promote growth arrest, differentiation, and apoptosis depending on the cellular environment. Numerous preclinical models and clinical trials have demonstrated anticancer activity for a number of HSP-90 inhibitors. The well-known HSP-90 inhibitor geldanamycin’s clinical development was hampered by its hepatic toxicity. Geldanamycin at low doses can sensitize Bcr/Abl-expressing leukemia cells to death in the presence of inadequate doxorubicin concentrations by activating caspase. In another example, 17AAG in combination with taxol shows enhanced cytotoxic effects on taxol-resistant Erb-B2 overexpressing breast cancer cells. The benzoquinone ansamycin geldanamycin selectively binds to GRP94 and HSP-90 both in vivo and in vitro. When cells are treated with geldanamycin, HSP-90’s molecular chaperone function is changed. This prevents some cytosolic proteins from maturing, reduces their activity, and/or modifies their stability. On the other hand, nothing is known about GRP94’s function in protein folding or how geldanamycin affects this endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homologue of HSP-90. In this work, we show that geldanamycin is a strong inducer of the cellular stress response in the ER, leading to the transcriptional up-regulation of ER chaperones and production of the gadd153/CHOP transcription factor in a range of cell lines. Here we mention the anticancerous activity of HSP-90 (Heat Shock Protein 90) Inhibitor geldanamycin and some researches in field of anticancerous activity of Geldanamycin.
Exploring the Role of Buccal Film in Drug Delivery
Authors: Harshitha V. , Swetha P. , Bhuvaneshwari G. , Sreelatha N. , Ramya V. , Kalyan Y. Umesh
Published: October 2024

A buccal film is a thin film of medication placed between the gum and cheek and left to dissolve. It is commonly used as a method of drug delivery, particularly for medications that need to be administered in small doses over a long period of time. The film typically contains active pharmaceutical ingredients in a variety of forms, including powders, granules, or gels. It is typically placed with a device, such as a spatula, and it dissolves rapidly and completely after being placed in the mouth. The benefits of buccal films include convenience, compliance, improved patient outcomes, and better patient satisfaction. The main disadvantage is that the dosage may not be as accurate as with other drug delivery methods. Buccal films is that they are an effective and safe method of administering medication to patients. Buccal films offer a fast and easy method of delivering drugs, with minimal risk of side effects, making them a preferred method of drug delivery for many patients and healthcare professionals.
Microneedle Arrays: Advancements, Applications and Future Prospects in Pharmaceutical Delivery
Authors: Kumar Sarella Prakash Nathaniel , Valluri Surekha , Vegi Srujala , Vendi Veera Kumari , Vipparthi Anil Kumar
Published: October 2024

Microneedle arrays have emerged as a cutting-edge technology revolutionizing the field of pharmaceutical delivery. These micron-sized needles offer a minimally invasive and painless approach to administer drugs, vaccines, and various therapeutic agents through the skin, bypassing traditional routes of administration. This review article comprehensively explores the advancements, applications, and future prospects of microneedle arrays in pharmaceutical delivery. This review delves into the different types of microneedle arrays, including solid, hollow, dissolving, and coated microneedles, highlighting their unique properties and fabrication techniques. The discussion encompasses recent breakthroughs in microneedle design, such as biodegradable materials, smart responsive systems, and personalized arrays tailored to specific patient needs. Furthermore, this review addresses the challenges and safety considerations associated with microneedle usage, such as skin irritation and regulatory aspects. It analyzes ongoing research efforts aimed at optimizing design, functionality, and scalability for large-scale manufacturing. The future prospects of microneedle arrays in pharmaceutical delivery qwew also discussed. Anticipated advancements in the field, including personalized medicine, combination therapy, and disease monitoring through biosensing, offer promising avenues for transformative healthcare solutions. In conclusion, microneedle arrays represent a paradigm shift in pharmaceutical delivery, offering numerous advantages over traditional methods. As research and development continue, these micro-sized devices hold the potential to revolutionize the landscape of drug administration, leading to safer, more effective, and patient-centric healthcare practices.
ИССЛЕДOВAНИЯ ЖИЗНИ КOЧЕВЫХ И OСЕДЛЫХ СOOБЩЕСТВ В КOКAНДСКOМ ХAНСТВЕ
Authors: Тaшaлиевa Мукaрaм Мурзaкулoвнa , Айтбаев Тажибай Акматович
Published: October 2024

Кoкaндскoе хaнствo (1709-1876) былo мнoгo этническим гoсудaрствoм, в кoтoрoм прoживaли кaк кoчевые, тaк и oседлые нaрoды. Изучение жизни этих двух групп людей предстaвляет сoбoй увлекaтельную и мнoгoгрaнную oблaсть исследoвaний, кoтoрaя мoжет пoмoчь нaм лучше пoнять истoрию, культуру и oбществo Центрaльнoй Aзии. Жизнь кoчевых и oседлых сooбществ в Кoкaндскoм хaнстве этo вaжнaя и aктуaльнaя oблaсть исследoвaний, кoтoрaя мoжет иметь бoльшoе знaчение для нaшегo пoнимaния прoшлoгo, нaстoящегo и будущегo Центрaльнoй Aзии.
ХIX КЫЛЫМДЫН ЭКИНЧИ ЖАРЫМЫНДАГЫ КОКОН ХАНДЫГЫНДАГЫ ЭЛДИК КӨТӨРҮЛҮШТӨР
Authors: Кадыров Турдумамат Дыйканбаевич , Турдумаматов Сейитбек Дыйканбаевич
Published: October 2024

Макалада  ХIX кылымдын экинчи жарымындагы Кокон хандыгындагы элдик көтөрүлүштөрдү камтыйт, мында көтөрүлүштөгү жетекчилер аталат,аймактардагы элдик нааразычылыктар,аларды басуу үчүн хандыктын жазалоочу бөлүктөрдү  жөнөткөндүгү көрсөтүлөт.Элдик көтөрүлүштөр   хандыктын    анын   ханы Кудаярдын да биротоло кулашына алып келгендиги айтылат.
ИСТОРИЯ КОКАНДСКОГО ХАНСТВА В ТРУДАХ НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ИСТОРИКОВ
Authors: Хошимов С.А.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются труды национальных историков, проживавших на территории Кокандского ханства и освещавших социально-экономические и политические процессы, происходившие в нем.
ИСКАК АСАН УУЛУ (ПОЛОТ ХАН) – ФЕРГАНАДАГЫ МАМЛЕКЕТТИК ЭГЕМЕНДИК КҮРӨШҮНҮН СИМВОЛУ
Authors: Чоротегин Тынчтыкбек
Published: October 2024

Бул илимий макала XIX кылымдагы ферганалык кыргыздардын чыгаан лидери, жалпы Түркстандын чыгыш чөлкөмүнүн эгемендиги үчүн болгон ири элдик көтөрүлүштүн жетекчиси жана Кокон хандыгынын акыркы эгемен ханы Искак Асан уулунун, б.а. Полот хандын (1842–1876) өмүрүнүн жана ишмердигинин урунттуу учурларын чагылдырууга арналат
ИЗ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ИСТОРИИ ДЖАДИДИСТСКОГО ДВИЖЕНИЯ В СРЕДНЕЙ АЗИИ
Authors: Шамсутдинов Рустам , Акбарова Н.К.
Published: October 2024

В статье освещена движение джадидизма, возникшее в истории Средней Азии в 90-е годы XIX века, в дальнейшем стало общественно-политическим, просветительским направлением движения, получившим в конце концов важное значение в жизни народов Туркестана в конце XIX - начала XX века, жизнь активистов движения «Джадидизм», их трагическое прошлое, а также вопросы обучения в Узбекистане и отношение Президента Республики Узбекистан Ш.М. Мирзиёева к этому движению
PENYULUHAN PENDIDIKAN ANTIKORUPSI MELALUI MEDIA FILM ANIMASI “SAHABAT PEMBERANI” DI SD NEGERI GEDONGKIWO YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Esty Rahmayanti
Published: October 2024

Korupsi merupakan sebuah kejahatan moral yang bukan hanya akan menyengsarakan rakyat namun juga akan mencoreng harkat dan martabat bangsa Indonesia. Menyikapi fenomena korupsi yang semakin marak terjadi, dunia pendidikan harus melakukan pembenahan untuk menjawab tantangan derasnya arus korupsi. Lembaga pendidikan memiliki posisi yang sangat strategis dalam menanamkan mental antikorupsi. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan pendidikan antikorupsi. Pendidikan antikorupsi merupakan usaha sadar untuk memberi pemahaman dan pencegahan terjadinya perbuatan korupsi yang dilakukan melalui pendidikan formal di sekolah, pendidikan informal pada lingkungan keluarga, dan pendidikan non formal di masyarakat. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menjadikan siswa sebagai subjek pengabdian karena mereka adalah calon orang white collar, orang-orang yang berpendidikan baik yang ada di jabatan-jabatan strategis, dan siswa sekolah dasar merupakan calon orang yang akan bekerja pada posisi-posisi strategis yang rentan melakukan tindak pidana korupsi nantinya. Film adalah media yang paling efektif dalam upaya pembelajaran masyarakat. Salah satu film yang terkandung makna penanaman nilai-nilai pendidikan antikorupsi adalah film animasi dari Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK).
Kata Kunci: Pendidikan, Antikorupsi, Film.
EDUKASI PEMBENTUKAN MENTAL ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI PROGRAM TRANSISI PAUD KE SD MENGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN BUDAYA DAERAH
Authors: Rusmaladewi  , Kamala Intan , Praticia Rayne , Sundari Ana , Rifani Anjela
Published: October 2024

Bonus Demografi Indonesia yang dimaksud adalah masa dimana usia produktif (15-64 tahun) akan lebih besar dibandingkan dengan usia non produktif ( 65 tahun keatas ) dengan proporsi lebih dari 60% dari total jumlah penduduk Indonesia. Momentum tersebut tentu saja di hadapi dengan perencanaan yang matang. Maka dari itu pemerintah mempersiapkan generasi bangsa dari mulai sejak dini Di banyak analisis, para ahli menyatakan bahwa Gen Z memiliki sifat dan karakteristik yang sangat berbeda dengan generasi sebelumnya. Generasi ini dilabeli sebagai generasi yang minim batasan (boundary-less generation).
Jika fenomena ini berlanjut, maka ke depannya, Gen Z akan menjadi generasi yang paling stres sepanjang sejarah. Kondisi ini juga berkaitan dengan karakter Gen Z yang tidak memiliki batasan dengan individu lain, sehingga memungkinkan mereka mudah labil karena menerima terpaan informasi dan kondisi yang cepat berubah dan serba acak.
Berdasarkan hal inilah  pemerintah sangat memperhatikan perkembangan generasi selanjutnya guna mewujudkan program pemerintah indonesia membentuk generasi emas indonesia  tahun 2024.  Dengan memeperhatikan permasalahan yang muncul pada generasai Z, membuat pemerintah melakukan tindakan preventif pada generasi berikutnya atau kita kenal sebagai generasi Alpha. Sejalan dengan hal tersebut, pemerintah meluncurkan program yang mendukung pembentukan mental sejak usia dini melalui Program Transisi PAUD-SD. Proses ini juga dapat mempengaruhi keberhasilan anak dalam melakukan penyesuaian di jenjang pendidikan dasar.
 Proses ini membutuhkan kesinambungan stimulasi sosial emosional, bahasa, fisik motorik dan kognitif sampai kegiatan pembelajaran di jenjang berikutnya. Transisi PAUD ke SD pada rentang usia 0-8 tahun, pelaksanaan kegiatan ini membantu kesiapan anak bersekolah dengan pelaksanaan proses yang berkesinambungan sejak PAUD hingga SD kelas awal.
The Effect of Peer Interaction Enhancement on Sixth-Grade Jordanian EFL Students’ Reading Comprehension and Grammatical Knowledge
Authors: Al-Dokom Abeer Adnan , Al-Qeyam Fatima Rasheed
Published: October 2024

This study explored the impact of peer interaction enhancement on sixth-grade Jordanian EFL students' reading comprehension and grammatical knowledge. Sixty female EFL students from two Al Mowaqqer schools were divided randomly into an experimental group and a control group. It employed a quasi-experimental design, over a ten-week duration, one experimental group underwent a peer interaction enhancement intervention, while the other group served as the control group, adhering to conventional teaching methods as outlined in the instructions of Action Pack 6 Teachers' Book. The experimental group used a structured approach involving peer interaction techniques for reading comprehension lessons and grammatical structures. The study utilized two pre-post tests on reading comprehension and grammatical knowledge for data collection Descriptive statistics and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) were used to analyze the data. The study revealed that peer interaction enhancement improves students' reading comprehension and grammatical knowledge through communicative activities and corrective feedback.
Employer Fraud and Toxic Leadership and Collusion with PMC Operations: Implications for a Dual Metro Project in UP, India
Authors: James Prof Dr Paul
Published: October 2024

This research is concentrated on the opinions of a PMC/Engineer staff of a dual metro construction project in UP, India, in relation to project fraud and underpinned by toxic leadership of the Employer. The research study employed a qualitative/interpretive methodology focused on grounded theory to extract meaning associated with the views and practices regarding the Employer and PMC Core Group collusion to negatively affect the project performance and management competence. The research scope was PMC/Engineer staff as part of the joint venture, contracted by the Employer, to oversee the project management and construction. The targeted population was made up of eleven (11) respondents, from a Project Management JV (PMC), located across a dual metro construction project having similar experiences of toxic leadership and fraud. The research outcomes comprised of four (4) main-themes - Employer, PMC Core Group, PMC, and ED; with Fourteen sub-themes (14) – illustrated by 276 discussion targets.The research outcome has raised important issues of project Employer derived fraud, where toxic leadership was used to deflect from the fraudulent activities underpinned by a PMC Core Group, acting as sycophantic fraud “enablers”. These included harassment, creation of fear, arrogation of contract, and a sense of impunity of the Employer MD/DWI and the PMC Core Group. The lack of risk management and project governance, attributed to significant procedural failures of the project stakeholders, including the European donor, has raised clear evidence of ongoing and associated fraud.
Measures aimed at improving the quality of the provision of state and municipal services of the center «My documents» in Lipetsk
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Kachalova S.M.
Published: October 2024

Subject. The article deals with the problems related to the provision of measures aimed at improving the quality of the provision of state and municipal services of the MFC. At the same time, the problems that MFC employees have are studied in order to determine the level of their human resources potential. The goal. In order to increase the motivation of the MFC staff to perform their duties at a high level, recommendations were developed for the management of the MFC. Method or methodology. The paper substantiates the principles of increasing the level of personnel potential of the MFC. Results of the work. It is proposed to introduce into the activities of the MFC the ability to carry out operational communication between employees and management, make transparent the criteria for assessing the work of employees, develop a system for assessing the personal qualities of employees, a system for assessing their health and the use of health-saving technologies by each of the employees. Conclusions. The results obtained in the course of analyzing the issue of developing measures aimed at improving the quality of the provision of state and municipal services by the My Documents Center (MFC) make it possible to supplement the methodology and technology of managing the MFC and can be used when organizing work activities in multifunctional centers of the country.
Budget process in different countries
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Kudashova M.E. , Bizin S.V. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University
Published: October 2024

Subject. This article examines the budget process in different countries as one of the main goals of any country's economic policy aimed at forming an effective budget system that promotes economic growth, ensuring the reproducibility of processes in the national economy and eliminating social imbalances. Goal. The main purpose of the study is to reveal the concept of conceptual and legal foundations of the budget process in different countries. Method and methodology. In the course of the work, general scientific methods were used: comparison, analysis, synthesis, analogy. The results of the work. Ensuring the sustainability of the budget system requires increasing the efficiency of budget expenditures within clearly defined priorities. Conclusions. In recent years, many countries have made serious efforts to modernize public finance management. The new approaches provide for increased attention to the implementation of responsible fiscal policy, immediate and long-term budget planning in order to ensure financial stability and efficiency of public spending.
舉重抓舉與挺舉成功與失敗對地面反作用力之比較
Authors: 鍾寶弘 鍾寶弘 , 王嗣閔 王嗣閔 , 陳瑞蓮 陳瑞蓮 , 徐敬亭 徐敬亭 , Ching-Ting Hsu 何維華
Published: October 2024

目的：利用符合舉重運動特性的單軸測力平台，探討菁英選手在抓舉與挺舉時，成功與失敗地面反作用力參數之差異。方法：11名大專舉重選手為本研究參與者。參與者進行符合正式比賽規定的抓舉與挺舉動作時，雙腳需分別站立於長2公尺寬1公尺的舉重專用測力平台。每位參與者先完成抓舉再進行挺舉，每次試舉過程利用測力平台收集地面反作用力，並計算各階段力量峰值、發力率、壓力中心前後位移、雙腳寬度距離、右腳力量比例，再進行差異比較。結果：成功抓舉在第一拉期力量峰值、接槓時間顯著大於失敗；高比例的參與者，在接槓期力量峰值亦小於失敗。成功挺舉在上搏接槓期力量峰值顯著小於失敗。結論：失敗最高的階段發生在接槓期。抓舉應提高第一拉期的力量，以爭取更多接槓時間。接槓期應減少負荷力量；在上挺接槓分腿支撐時，可將槓鈴與壓力中心向後移動，並維持壓力中心接近於雙腳跨距中間偏前的位置。舉重專用測力平台能全程給予選手發力方式的回饋，有利於修正技術。

 

Purpose: To explore the differences in ground reaction force parameters between successful and unsuccessful lifts during the snatch and clean-and-jerk using an internally developed uniaxial force platform. Methods: Eleven elite college-level weightlifters were recruited in this study. They were asked to stand on a 2m1m force platform to perform the snatch and clean-and-jerk with self-selected weights by following the official competition rules. The maximal total ground reaction force (vGRF), rate of force development, the center of pressure, feet distance, and force distribution of the right foot were calculated and compared across different phases. Results: In the snatch, the peak vGRF of the first pull and the catching time in successful lifts were significantly higher than in unsuccessful ones. Moreover, the peak vGRF of catching in successful lifts was lower than in unsuccessful lifts. In successful clean-and-jerk, the peak vGRF of catching during clean in successful attempts was lower than in unsuccessful lifts. Conclusion: The phase with the highest failure rate occurred during the catch phase. In the snatch, increasing the force during the first pull may allow for more time in the catching phase. It is also recommended that the loading force should be reduced during the catching phase. In the split jerk, results showed moving the barbell and the center of pressure backward while maintaining the center of pressure slightly forward of the midpoint between the feet can improve stability. It is recommended that during weightlifting training, the internally developed force platform serves as a valuable tool to provide feedback on biomechanical indicators such as force development and help coaches and athletes refine weightlifting techniques in real-time.

 
Four natural cyprinid hybrids recorded from Lake Vansjø, SE Norway
Authors: Pethon Per
Published: October 2024

An examination of a sub-sample of 356 cyprinid specimens collected in Lake Vansjø, SE Norway in June, Aug. and Oct. 1978 revealed 187 specimens of Abramis brama (L.) and 94 specimens of Blicca bjoerkna (L.) together with four natural cyprinid hybrids, i.e. Abramis brama (L.) x Blicca bjoerkna (L.) (n = 67), Rutilus rutilus (L.) x Abramis brama (L.) (n = 3), Rutilus rutilus (L.) x Blicca bjoerkna (L.) (n = 1), and Blicca bjoerkna (L.) x Scardinius erythropthalmus (L.) (n = 4). The identification of the Abramis x Blicca hybrid required a five character complex, i.e. rays in anal fin, lateral line scales, pharyngeal teeth, operculum shape, and age/growth pattern, while the other hybrids agreed with previous descriptions. All four hybrids show intermediacy of their parentals, but the range of variation in the Abramis x Blicca hybrid characters indicates involvement of more than just the F1 generation and thus suggests hybrid fertility. It is concluded that the cause of hybridization is due to overlap in spawning time in mutually shared spawning areas.
A pelagic Isopod, Syscenus infelix, overgrown with hydroids
Authors: Vader Wim , Johannessen Odd Harald , Christiansen Bengt O.
Published: October 2024

A specimen of the pelagic aegid isopod Syscenus infelix collected in Malangen, N. Norway, was completely overgrown with luxuriant colonies of the hydroid Obelia longissima.
Upaya Meningkatkan Student Engagement pada Pembelajaran Daring
Authors: Hariono Elok Angga Dewi , Yoenanto Nono H.
Published: October 2024

Student engagement merupakan hal yang penting dan wajib dimiliki serta ditingkatkan agar mencapai pembelajaran yang efektif pada teknik pembelajaran daring. Student engagement dapat menjadi indikator keberhasilan siswa dan pencapaian hasil akademik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau secara sistematis upaya meningkatkan student engagement pada pembelajaran daring. Metode penelitian ini adalah systematic literature review menggunakan aplikasi Publish or Perish dengan database google scholar. Pencarian artikel menggunakan kata kunci “student engagement”, “keterlibatan siswa”, “online learning”, dan “pembelajaran daring” serta tahun 2022-2023. Pada tahap pencarian data awal mendapatkan 200 artikel. Setelah melakukan seleksi sesuai kriteria maka terdapat 14 artikel yang digunakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat faktor internal dan eksternal yang dapat meningkatkan student engagement pada pembelajaran daring. Faktor internal adalah efikasi diri, motivasi, growth mindset, kemandirian, minat belajar, dan perceived social support. Selanjutnya, terdapat faktor eksternal yang dikelompokkan menjadi 2 bagian, yaitu dukungan sosial dan faktor tempat belajar (sekolah dan universitas). Faktor dukungan sosial terdiri dari dukungan orang tua, guru, dan teman sebaya. Sedangkan faktor lingkungan terdiri dari media atau metode pembelajaran yang tepat serta fasilitas dan kelompok belajar dari tempat belajar.
Graded autonomy and grounded self-determination in health professions education
Authors: Chen H. Carrie , Ladenheim Roberta I. , Schumacher Daniel J. , Chou Fremen Chihchen , ten Cate Olle
Published: October 2024

A key goal in health professions education is to support trainee development toward readiness for unsupervised clinical practice. Curricula can use entrustable professional activities (EPAs) and entrustment decision-making to structure and optimize this development. Trainees begin at the periphery of the health care community and gradually learn to think, feel, and act as a professional as they increasingly engage with the work of the community, step by step and EPA by EPA. Learning in the classroom and in the clinical workplace should be approached as integrated rather than separate phases. Classroom learning aims to prepare trainees for clinical practice, and learning through clinical practice can start early, with full supervision that decreases over time. Clinical supervisors must balance supervision for patient safety and trainee support with trainee autonomy and practice of clinical responsibilities. Under- or over-supervision has negative implications not just for patient safety but also for learning and development. Various theories and models support the importance of graded autonomy, including self-determination theory, cognitive apprenticeship theory, and learning-oriented teaching. Curricula designed to support graded autonomy need to adequately prepare trainees to contribute to the workplace via classroom education and exposure to the workplace followed by clinical experiences that allow for increasing trainee contributions to patient care. Entrustment is a forward-facing decision. As trainees achieve levels of entrustment for patient care activities, this achievement is not just a completion of a learning stage but a start of the acquisition of more responsibilities as health care team members.
Entrustable professional activities: addressing confusions and controversies
Authors: Schumacher Daniel J. , Kinnear Benjamin , Khursigara-Slattery Natasha , Jarrett Jennie B. , ten Cate Olle
Published: October 2024

In this chapter, we address common confusions and controversies with entrustable professional activities (EPAs). With an eye toward practicality, we seek to offer resolutions or advice for these controversies where possible. We detail the differences between competencies and EPAs and discuss how they are complimentary approaches to health professions education that employ different lenses (individuals for competencies, and activities for EPAs). We next detail how EPAs should not be treated as an ‘assessment tool’ but rather as an approach to education that facilitates a stepwise decrease in supervision within the philosophy of competency-based education. Many terms related to EPAs and entrustment are conflated or poorly understood. This chapter disentangles many of these terms, including entrustment, supervision, trustworthiness, competence, supervision, autonomy, and independent practice. With precise definitions for these terms, it becomes clear how entrustment decisions are a forward-looking decision for the future rather than a report of past performance or supervision provided. Finally, we explore how EPAs and entrustment can support time variability and also how approaches to entrustment vary between contexts and cultures.
Entrustable professional activities and EPA frameworks defined
Authors: Taylor David R. , Fitzpatrick Siobhan , López María José , Hennus Marije P. , Marty Adrian P. , ten Cate Olle
Published: October 2024

Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) serve important purposes in health professions education. These purposes include supporting curriculum development and delivery and guiding trainee assessment, as well as grounding high-stakes decisions to allow trainees to practice in unsupervised settings. These purposes require more than a succinct and recognizable title of an EPA. For their full potential, descriptions of EPAs must be fully elaborated with the detailed information required to deliver on each of these purposes. Elaborating EPAs also requires a clear understanding of the relationships between other educational and professional constructs such as knowledge and competencies. This chapter discusses the distinction and relationship between knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs), competencies, and EPAs, discusses the components of a fully elaborated EPA and why these components are important to implementing EPAs in educational programs, and examines how EPAs are assembled into frameworks of EPAs to serve a profession or discipline. The chapter concludes with a brief discussion of transdisciplinary EPAs.
Use of entrustable professional activities in pre-licensure health professions education
Authors: Meyer Eric G. , Linsenmeyer Machelle , Holzhausen Ylva , Yap Mabel , Ryan Michael S. , Chen H. Carrie
Published: October 2024

This chapter introduces how entrustable professional activities (EPAs) can be implemented in the pre-licensure stage of education (e.g., undergraduate health professions education), with a focus on how trainees can contribute to patient care in a legitimate participatory role prior to licensure. The relative freedom of trainees from workplace-based productivity provides pre-licensure training with a great deal of flexibility. Such flexibility allows creativity and different approaches to laying the canonical foundation for specific EPAs, preparing trainees for clinical training based on EPAs and entrustment, and establishing an appreciation for how entrustment represents an assurance of readiness for safe patient care rather than a grade. Educators can leverage the required knowledge, skills, and attitudes detailed in EPA descriptions to ensure that foundational science courses are preparing trainees for clinical care. The transition from canonical knowledge to more EPA-focused activities is ideally via a ‘Z-shaped’ curriculum. Factors of a trainee’s trustworthiness, which underlie entrustment in later clinical stages of training, can be explicitly introduced, explored, and strengthened in pre-workplace-based settings. Lastly, the chapter delineates how early pre-licensure workplace-based learning founded on EPAs provides opportunities to introduce contextual competencies, while advanced workplace-based education further refines practice with limited supervision, preparing trainees for the transition to additional post-licensure training or licensed practice.
Clinical competency committees in an entrustable professional activity-based curriculum and assessment system
Authors: Englander Robert , de Graaf Jacqueline , Hauer Karen E. , Jonker Gersten , Schumacher Daniel J.
Published: October 2024

Competency-based education (CBE) in the health professions is grounded in teaching and assessing the requisite competencies to develop professionals prepared to meet the health care needs of the public and provide high-quality and safe patient care. As such, the outcome of education is the demonstrable competence of graduates in patient care. A curriculum and assessment framework based on entrustable professional activities (EPAs) provides excellent scaffolding for ensuring this outcome. The system is dependent, however, on its ability to support grounded, credible, and summative decisions regarding granting or withholding trainee progression through a program and awarding of increased autonomy (i.e., less supervision) in patient care. In this chapter, we begin by defining a clinical competency committee (CCC) and establishing its roles. We then provide a rationale for the group structure of a CCC as best suited to make the grounded, credible, and summative decisions required in an EPA-based curriculum and assessment system. Next, we explore more deeply the central role of a CCC—‘what’ it does. Then we address the ‘how’ of running a CCC, that is, the strategies to help CCCs function optimally, including issues of CCC structure and process. Finally, we explore some of the common pitfalls, misconceptions, and limitations regarding CCCs and suggest some mitigating strategies to overcome them.
Advancing and sustaining excellence in EPA-based curricula
Authors: Linsenmeyer Machelle , Hall Andrew K. , Chen Chien-Yu Jonathan , López María José , Chou Fremen Chihchen
Published: October 2024

The quality of health professions education is socially determined and closely linked to the quality of health care. Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) add strength to and operationalize curricula for competency-based education for health professions by focusing on both the patient and trainee, bringing health professions education together with patient care. This social accountability within an EPA-based curriculum emphasizes measurable enhancements to local health services through EPAs. As such, both external quality assurance (QA) and internal QA are crucial for implementing and improving an EPA-based program. External QA involves guidance from the regulating body regarding training policies, procedures, and practices. Internal QA entails self-auditing, utilizing mechanisms like program evaluation (PE) to monitor, evaluate, and improve the assessment and attainment of EPAs. Continuous quality improvement (CQI) can be used to augment PE by serving as a system for accountability and transparency. This section introduces the concepts of PE and CQI to be used within an EPA-based curriculum, models to support PE and CQI processes, examples of actual cases where PE and CQI were beneficial, and solutions to address challenges specific to EPA-based curricula.
Progress in the Study of the Therapeutic Effects of Roxarestat
Authors: Jin Zicheng , Qu Kai , Zhang Ziqing , Zhao Renwei
Published: October 2024

Hypoxia-inducible factor has a wide range of roles in the human body and is involved in pathophysiological processes including erythropoietin production, iron uptake metabolism and energy metabolism. Roxarestat is a small molecule inhibitor of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase, which can stabilize the level of hypoxia-inducible factor to participate in systemic biological functions. Roxarestat is widely used in the treatment of renal anemia. With the deepening of research, it is found that roxarestat has therapeutic potential for renal fibrosis, cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, etc. This article summarizes the current status of roxarestat in the treatment of renal anemia, and its therapeutic effects on other therapies.
A Network Pharmacological Study of Qianjin Sanhuang Decoction in the Treatment of Osteoarthritic Knee Disease
Authors: Zhao Chenxin , Yao Lixia , Wang Lu , Li Yi
Published: October 2024

Objective: To predict the action targets of Qianjin Sanhuang decoction in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis through network pharmacology, to explore its potential multi component, multi target, multi, pathway mechanism of action, and to elaborate the relationship between the pharmacological effects of the drug and the disease from the perspective of molecular mechanism. Methods: The Chinese herbal composition of Qianjin Sanhuang decoction was determined by reading ancient texts and reviewing data, and the chemical components of Qianjin Sanhuang decoction were collected through the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), and the active ingredients of the drug were obtained after oral utilization (OB) and drug-like properties (DL) screening, and the active ingredient target prediction was performed, while the active ingredient targets were retrieved from GeneCards, OMIM, and DisGeNet database to retrieve knee osteoarthritis-related targets. After taking the intersecting targets, a software called cytoscape 3.9.0 was used for mapping, with the goal of constructing a component-target network map, followed by a string database for mapping, with the goal of making a network map of target protein-target protein interactions, and finally, a gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, this analysis process was performed in the metascape database. Results: A total of 1272 targets related to osteoarthritis of the knee were collected in this study, 89 active ingredients of Qianjin Sanhuang decoction, involving 267 targets, and 121 therapeutic targets involving osteoarthritis of the knee, and the results of GO enrichment analysis showed that it involved the response to inorganic substances, positive regulation of cell migration, response to oxygen content, response to lipopolysaccharide, response to peptides, regulation of cell adhesion, response to extracellular stimuli, negative regulation of cell differentiation, positive regulation of cell death, glandular development, regulation of apoptotic signaling pathways, development of reproductive structures, response to trauma, response to growth factors, regulation of inflammatory response, cellular response to organic recycling compounds, regulation of proteolysis, etc. After KEGG analysis, the results showed that signaling pathways such as AGE-RAGE pathway and HIF-1 pathway were involved. Conclusion: Qianjin Sanhuang decoction can improve the inflammatory response of knee osteoarthritis through potential multi-pathways, multi-targets and multi-pathways, and can have potential therapeutic effects on osteoarthritis.
Clinical Research Progress on Iliopsoas Dysfunction and Low Back Pain
Authors: Wang Zequn , Yuan Zhe , Zhou Zhou , Yin Jichao
Published: October 2024

This article systematically reviews the clinical application and latest research progress of iliopsoas muscle treatment strategies in relieving low back pain. By combing through existing domestic and foreign literature, this article explores its anatomy, function, efficacy mechanism and future research direction, aiming to provide clinicians with a more extensive academic reference.
Progress in the Treatment of Eczema in the Last Decade by External Treatment of Chinese Medicine
Authors: Liu Xuanyi , Liu Yanting
Published: October 2024

Objective: To discuss the clinical effect, practical significance and related research progress of external Chinese medicine treatment in the treatment of chronic eczema in recent years. To elucidate the important role of external Chinese medicine therapy in the treatment of chronic eczema. METHODS: The relevant literature in the past ten years was reviewed and organised, supplemented by clinical cases. RESULTS: External Chinese medicine treatments play an important role in the treatment of chronic eczema. CONCLUSION: External Chinese medicine treatment provides a wide range of clinical treatment options for chronic eczema, is safe to operate, and has a rapid onset of action; the application of the correct external Chinese medicine treatment can produce significant results in chronic eczema.
On the Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine Culture in Ideological and Political Education
Authors: Ling Li , Cui Na
Published: October 2024

Purpose: By analyzing the historical origin and value of Traditional Chinese medicine culture, the article studies the application of Traditional Chinese medicine culture in postgraduate students' ideological and political education, with a view to promoting the deeper inheritance and development of Traditional Chinese medicine culture. Methods: The article explains the importance and feasibility of Traditional Chinese medicine culture in postgraduate students' ideological and political education, and the difficulties in the application of ideological and political education, on the basis of which it proposes to improve the civic system of the course, improve the quality of professional teachers of Traditional Chinese medicine culture and civic teachers, and establish a collaborative educating mechanism with the help of the resource-sharing platform, so as to deepen the postgraduates' understanding of Traditional Chinese medicine culture in the ideological and political education course. Conclusion: Graduate students' ideological and political education courses provide a good platform for the dissemination and development of Traditional Chinese medicine culture, and the two are complementary to each other. By establishing classroom evaluation and incentive mechanisms, the substantive integration of both sides can be better promoted.
Research Progress in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Female Stress Urinary Incontinence by Chinese and Clinical Medicine
Authors: Tang Lei , Zheng Bo , Lu Linjie
Published: October 2024

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common continence disorder in the female population, and its prevalence increases significantly with age. Although the disease is not life-threatening, it seriously affects daily life, such as work and socializing, and significantly reduces the quality of life, so it is also called "social cancer. "At present, the mechanism of SUI in clinical medicine has not been clarified, and the mechanism of SUI in Chinese medicine is categorized under the category of "failure of the lower Jiao to control and loss of the bladder's restraining function”. In view of the above mechanisms and pathomechanisms, the treatment methods of this disease are diversified, and the treatments of Chinese medicine and clinical medicine take advantage of each other, complement each other, and have remarkable efficacy. In this paper, the latest research developments in the treatment of SUI by Chinese medicine and clinical medicine in recent years are summarized as follows.
A Comparative Study of the Assessment of Stress Levels Among Nursing Staff in the Operating Room of a Private Hospital and a Government Hospital in Aurangabad
Authors: Ibrahim Umar Faruk
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Stress is a nonspecific response of the body to everything it needs. Dr. Selye has named the stress with positive reaction as good stress. Each stimulant leading to stress or physical nonspecific response is named stressor. Inappropriate environmental conditions such as noise, light, radiation, temperature, and humidity, high load of work, small number of the staffs, and high responsibility are also effective in the incidence of being stressed. Nurses’ working environments, especially operating rooms, are considered stressful due to their existing physical and psychological stress. Occupational stress can lead to occupational burnout. It also leads to a reduction of efficiency. Material and method: The research approach adopted for this study was quantitative type and the research design was comparative descriptive design. This study was conducted among 60 staff nurses working in private and government hospitals by using non - probability convenient sampling technique. Rating scale was used to collect data by expanded nursing stress scale. The data were analyzed and interpreted by descriptive and inferential statistics. Section - I Demographic variables of staff nurses working at private and government hospitals. Section - II by expanded nursing stress scale used by the investigator which consists of nine - factor (death and dying, conflict with physicians, inadequate emotional preparation, problems related to peers, problems related to supervisors, workload, uncertainty concerning treatment, patients and their families and discrimination). Data was analyzed with the help of frequency, mean and standard deviation. Chi - square test was used to determine the association between the levels of stress with selected demographic variables. Results and conclusion: By the finding of the study, it is concluded that the nurses of private hospitals have severe stress & nurses of government hospital nurses have moderate stress.