bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunogenetic Epidemiology of Motor Neuron Diseases in 14 Continental Western European Countries
Authors: James Lisa M. , Georgopoulos Apostolos P.
Published: August 2021

Very few studies have evaluated associations of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) with motor neuron diseases (MND). Using an immunogenetic epidemiological approach, we identified a population-level HLA profile for MND by evaluating the correlations between the population frequencies of 127 HLA Class I and II alleles and the population prevalence of MND in 14 Continental Western European countries. The results demonstrated that significantly more HLA alleles, particularly for Class I, were negatively associated with the population prevalence of MND, suggesting a preponderance of protective vs susceptibility effects. The findings add to the limited literature implicating HLA in MND and considering the role of HLA in immune system responses to pathogens, suggest a potential influence of pathogens in MND.
Student Performance Prediction Using A Cascaded Bi-level Feature Selection Approach
Authors: Abdullahi Wokili , Kenneth Mary Ogbuka , Olalere Morufu
Published: August 2021

Features in educational data are ambiguous which leads to noisy features and curse of dimensionality problems. These problems are solved via feature selection. There are existing models for features selection. These models were created using either a single-level embedded, wrapperbased or filter-based methods. However single-level filter-based methods ignore feature dependencies and ignore the interaction with the classifier. The embedded and wrapper based feature selection methods interact with the classifier, but they can only select the optimal subset for a particular classifier. So their selected features may be worse for other classifiers. Hence this research proposes a robust Cascade Bi-Level (CBL) feature selection technique for student performance prediction that will minimize the limitations of using a single-level technique. The proposed CBL feature selection technique consists of the Relief technique at first-level and the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) at the second-level. The proposed technique was evaluated using the UCI student performance dataset. In comparison with the performance of the single-level feature selection technique the proposed technique achieved an accuracy of 94.94% which was better than the values achieved by the single-level PSO with an accuracy of 93.67% for the binary classification task. These results show that CBL can effectively predict student performance.
Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of leaves of Amaranthus hybridus L., Corchorus olitorius L and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. grown in northen of Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Souleymane Kaboré  , Abdoulaye Touré  , Bi Koffi François Prévost Kouamé  , Aboudramane Edouard Bamba  , Aka Faustin Kabran  , Brou Donald Koua Kadio  , Dibi Jacques Konan  , Koffi Barthélemy Attioua  , Wacothon Karime Coulibaly  , Ahmont Landry Claude Kablan  , Yadé Réné Soro  , Adama Coulibaly
Published: August 2021

Our work was based on the study of aqueous and hydroethanol extracts from the leaves of Amaranthus hybridus L. (Amaranthaceae), Corchorus olitorius L. (Tiliaceae) and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae), and decoction. This work presents for the first time the phytochemical screening and the antioxidant activity of extracts of leaves of these three plants coming from the Côte d’Ivoire. Phytochemical analysis of these extracts revealed the presence of polyphenols and alkaloids in the three leaves. The total phenolic content of the extracts showed variations, between 13.22 and 90.89 mg GAE/g. The hydroethanol extract (90.89 mg GAE/g) and decoction of C. olitorius (57.89 mg GAE/g) had the most elevated contents. The evaluation of the reducing power with DPPH method revealed that the hydroethanol extract of C. olitorius was the most active (IC50 = 45.58 µg/mL). This result was in agreement with that obtained by FRAP method.
Assessing the risk of heavy metals contamination in milk from Pakistan
Authors: ZH Shar  , OP Pirhot  , HH Shar  , MK Channa
Published: August 2021

Milk is an essential component of human food, and natural source of many important elements. Besides essential elements it is also became a source of toxic metals due to heavy environmental pollution. In order to assess the essential metals (calcium) and toxic metals (cadmium and lead) in milk, sixty different fresh milk samples were analyzed by using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Accuracy and precession were checked by external standard addition method. Calcium was found in all samples with highest concentration (24µg/L) in camel milk. Lead was found in all milk samples with mean level 3.14µg/L and highest concentration found in packed milk sample 6.7µg/L. Cadmium was detected in 33% of total samples analyzed with range of (1.1-3.1µg/L). Results of this study will be helpful in setting the standards in one of the most consumed commodities in Pakistan.
Cognitive Screening for Senior Physicians: Are We Minding the Gap?
Authors: Bundy Christopher C. , Williams Betsy White
Published: August 2021

Senior physicians are an invaluable community asset that comprise an increasing proportion of the physician workforce. An increase in demand for health care services, with demand exceeding the supply of physicians, has contributed to discussions of the potential benefit of delaying physician retirement to help preserve physician supply. The probable increase in the number of senior physicians has been associated with concerns about their competent practice. Central to this issue are the changes that occur as part of normal aging, how such changes might impact medical practice and what steps need to be taken to ensure the competency of senior physicians. We propose that while age may be an important risk factor for performance issues, it is not the only factor and may not even be the most important. Data on cognitive performance among physicians referred for behavioral and performance concerns reveal that cognitive impairment afflicts physicians across the career span. If the overarching goal is to prevent patient harm through early detection, older physicians may be too narrow a target. Approaches focusing on health screening and promotion across the career span will ultimately be more effective in promoting workforce sustainability and patient safety than age-based solutions.
What Will It Mean for Me? Perceptions of the ECFMG 2023 Accreditation Requirement from an Online Forum
Authors: Ahmed Rashid Mohammed , Smith Victoria , Tackett Sean , Arfeen Zakia , Mughal Faraz
Published: August 2021

In 2010, the Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates (ECFMG) announced that as of 2023, physicians applying to train and practice in the United States will be required to graduate from a medical school that has been accredited using criteria such as those developed by the World Federation for Medical Education. This study analyzed posts on the Student Doctor Network (SDN) online forum that refer to this accreditation requirement to investigate how it has been perceived and understood by current and prospective medical students. A keyword search of relevant terms was used to identify posts discussing the accreditation requirement on the SDN online forum, which were subjected to thematic analysis. There were a total of 83 posts from 49 distinct user accounts between May 2012 and January 2020. Seven themes were identified in total; four whose overall purpose was to seek or offer advice and three whose overall purpose was commentary. Themes relating to advice included applications and admissions, future career planning, personal circumstances, and country-specific issues. Themes relating to commentary included the accreditation requirement policy itself, the potential implications of the requirement, and the educational quality of non-U.S. medical schools. Only half of web links on these posts were to the ECFMG website for official information about the requirement. Although a variety of different perspectives about the ECFMG accreditation requirement were expressed on an online forum for student doctors, the overall number of posts was low, which suggests that the requirement has not been a frequent topic of discussion on this platform. The insights gained from posts suggest personal opinions about the requirement and consequences for individual student application and career choices were the main areas of interest. Signposting to official information channels may help to raise awareness about the requirement and tackle areas of uncertainty and confusion about its implementation.
STRESS-DEFORMED STATE OF STEEL-REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES OF FLOORS AT THE STAGE OF ESTABLISHMENT OF STRUCTURES
Authors: Savytskyi M. V. , NIKIFOROVA T.D. , FROLOV M. O.
Published: August 2021

Formulation of the problem. Many structures today require floor structures to meet increased requirements for strength, span coverage and surface quality. Steelcrete structures often fit the bill. However, despite a long history of success, the industry is still not fully understood, in particular, the behavior of this structure in the early stages of construction is not unambiguous. Due to the impossibility of creating a composite section, various effects and a complex stress-strain state immediately arise in the time interval between the combination of different materials in space and the combination of different materials in the work. Thus, the stage of erection of a structure before it became reinforced concrete is of interest for a complete understanding of the mechanics of the work of composite sections. The purpose of the study is to investigate the features of the operation of the steelcrete sections at the stage of installation and operation, as a composite structure that combines the advantages and disadvantages of steel and concrete. As a result of the research, it was found that the study of the stress-strain state, which affects the circumstances, both at the operation stage and at the construction stage, is an important task for further understanding the work of reinforced concrete. , and increasing its durability. In particular, at the time of erection, a complex stress-strain state occurs, which can lead to unpredictable changes in shape. This state is unstable up to the inclusion of the concrete shelf of the reinforced concrete section in the work due to the hardening of concrete in the area of the anchors and its subsequent inclusion in work. These issues require further study in order to better understand the work of concrete and steel as a single composite material at various stages of the life cycle of structures.
BIM ENERGY ANALYSIS OF A HOUSE WITH DOUBLE WINDOWS
Authors: SOPILNIAK A.M. , KOLOKHO V. V. , YAROVA Т.P. , SEREDA S.Y. , SIRENOK К.О. , DUNDA V. V.
Published: August 2021

Problem statement. The use of a building information model has a number of advantages over classical methods of architectural and construction design. First of all, VIM allows in a virtual mode to select, develop, calculate, link together and coordinate the components and systems of the future structure created by various specialists and organizations, check their viability, functionality and performance in advance. The aim is to improve the thermal performance of the building and reduce energy consumption. The main task of this work is to carry out insulation of the house on the basis of the provided materials, to carry out an analysis using the cloud-based Insight software, followed by a comparison of the results of energy consumption. Conclusions. The development of information modeling of buildings made it possible to rethink some of the established principles of designing buildings and structures, demonstrated new powerful sources of efficiency in the choice of rational architectural, constructive and technological solutions. The effectiveness of the use of two-frame windows has been proven numerically and empirically, as a result of which the energy consumption of the house has decreased by 9.1%. The use of additional windows makes it possible to obtain an almost thermally homogeneous external insulating shell of the house.
LITTLE KNOWN PAGES OF LIFE AND ACTIVITY OF IVAN MYKHOLAIOVYCH TRUBA (1878−1950 to the 140-th birthday)
Authors: MATROSOV Yar.M.
Published: August 2021

Formulation of the problem. Hitherto little-known parts of the life, pedagogical, architectural, construction and creative activities of the famous Ukrainian public figure I.M. Truby(1878−1950), the chronology of his work in the field of creativity, the time of the has been clarified. Scientific activity in Poltava. Added his scientific publications and their analysis, pedagogical and creative activity as a scientist Analyzed his first scientific work devoted to the economic feasibility of the Society for Mutual Fire Insurance. Given its strategic assessment the significance of this work of the author for the state, as a scientist and statesman. Moving to Yekaterinoslav. Participation in “Prosvita” (“Enlightenment”). Work in the field of education. Work in the Office of the Catherine Railway as an engineer. The difficulties of the struggle for life space are described, despite the innate abilities and willpower to achieve the set goal. Help of like-minded people on a common path to a “bright future” his thoughtfulness has been honed.  Economist, structure-creator of an organization, an enterprise. The purpose of the article is to supplement the compiled monograph on the life and work of I.M. Truby. Conclusions. The significance of I.M. Truby in the development of education in the Katerinoslav (now Dnieper) region is highlighted.  It is known that during the Bolshevik regime, in his homeland, Ivan Truba was considered an enemy of the people (which was not specified), as a Ukrainian bourgeois nationalist. And therefore, all his activities were given political anathema. Archival materials have been studied and analyzed, on the basis of which the conclusion is drawn − the significance of I.M. Truba is manifested as a person, a citizen is a patriot, namely of the Ukrainian people. The activities of Ivan Mikhailovich during his life were marked by their versatility, namely: pedagogicalism, enlightenment, political, cultural and social activities, national patriotism, writing, scientific creativity.
ECOLOGIZED CITY VS ECOCITY: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES
Authors: VOROBIOV V. , SHYLO O.
Published: August 2021

Formulation of the problem. The concept and practice of eco-cities as a phenomenon of integrated advanced technology, green structures, ecological and cultural diversity have gained global significance and become increasingly mainstream in policy-making. Some countries are aiming to elevate their aspiration towards creating an ecological society to constitutional rank. Ukraine cannot stay away from this trend. However, semantic interpretations of the essence of an ecological and ecologized city differ from country to country. At present, neither in Ukraine nor in the world in general, there has been formed a clear vision of the “ecologized city” and “eco-city” as phenomena based on fundamentally different, even diametrically opposite paradigms of urban planning if they are considered from the perspective of structural interaction with natural ecosystems. The purpose of the article is to reveal the similarities and differences between the concepts of “ecologized city” and “eco-city (ecopolis)” at the current stage of historical development. Conclusion. According to the outcomes of UN summits on this issue, as well as other international documents, regional and national programs for sustainable development of territories should be implemented everywhere, including Ukraine. Therefore, the theory of ecologizing the existing cities and developing new eco-cities as physical spaces of the life of society with an ecological worldview and thinking, as a result of the interaction matrix of cyclically (reversibly) and evolutionary (irreversibly) transforming ecological villages, becomes relevant. This predetermines the need to create a thesaurus with the semantic content of each term, concept and definition to be interpreted unambiguously and precisely so that they are understood by everyone in the same way, forming the correct lexical corporate communication in the scientific and design sphere of eco-city planning.
USE OF FACTOR ANALYSIS METHODS IN THE STUDY OF THE STRUCTURAL STATE OF THE WELDED JOINT AFTER LASER WELDING
Authors: LAUKHIN D.V. , BEKETOV O.V. , TIUTEREV I.A. , SLUPSKA Yu.S. , ROTT N.O.
Published: August 2021

Formulation of the problem. The use of the mathematical apparatus of factor analysis allows us to investigate the stability of correlations between individual variables. It is the correlations between the variables themselves, as well as between the variables and the selected factors that contain the basic information about the stage of development. The results of factor analysis will be informative if they can be interpreted from the point of view of the physical meaning of both the process under study and the factors that were obtained as a result of the application of factor analysis. Therefore, when identifying factors that will be used for further analysis, one should be guided not only by mathematical methods, but also by the physical meaning of identifying factors. Thus, the use of factor analysis in the study of material science problems (for example, the welding process) is reduced to the search and analysis of the most significant characteristics of the process (factors) among the data array that can be obtained during the process under study. Purpose. Investigation of the relationship between the structural state in the zones of the welded joint after laser welding of specimens from steel 10KhSND using the mathematical apparatus of factor analysis. Conclusion. In this work, the study of the relationship of the distribution of the structural state over the zones of the welded joint was carried out using the mathematical apparatus of factor analysis.
TYPOLOGY OF THE LATEST FACADE SYSTEMS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE PLASTIC LANGUAGE OF ARCHITECTURE OF THE XXI CENTURY
Authors: TIUTINA L.V. , DAVYDOV A.M.
Published: August 2021

Raising the problem. The article reveals the issues of the evolution of means and techniques that affect the expression of the artistic and tectonic properties of architecture of the XXI century. The article notes the influence of the factors of the mid-19th − early 20th centuries, which gave impetus to the manifestation of the facade as a separate autonomous structure of the building body. The question of determining the typology of the latest modern systems is becoming increasingly important. The review and classification analysis of innovative facade systems of the XXI century has been little studied. This data is fragmented and improperly structured. Purpose. The main goals of the article are to analyze the existing varieties of facade systems, describe their characteristic qualities, identify and define various types of external fencing structures in the architecture of the XXI century. The plastic language of modern architecture is expressed in the classification of the evolution of external enclosing structures. This goal will be achieved by studying the facade systems of the XXI century in terms of their specific characteristics and functional purpose; analytical work. Conclusion. The architecture of the XXI century is primarily focused on the issues of ecology and energy efficiency, which are the main landmarks for our time. New structural systems and materials address these issues. The traditional concept of "tectonics" is applied to the artistic properties of how structures work, but in modern architecture, the structures themselves are usually hidden from the viewer. Therefore, the issue of "tectonics" in modern architecture does not yet have an unambiguous understanding, which requires further study. So, the types of structures of external fences given in the article require further broader research and determination of their classification features.
ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF THE TRANSITION TO 3D PRINTING OF BUILDINGS IN THE ROUTE OF INDUSTRY 4.01
Authors: SHATOV S.V. , MATSENKO О.M. , SKRYPKA Yev.O , DANYLENKO I.O.
Published: August 2021

Problem statement. The high level of costs, energy and resource intensity in the field of construction leads to research aimed at improving the economic, social and environmental performance of construction processes

from the standpoint of current trends in innovation in line with Industry 4.0. Especially relevant are studies adapted to the conditions of the national economy. The purpose of the article is to research of directions of development of technologies in the construction sphere, in particular technologies of 3D-printing, definition of ecological and economic advantages of transition to 3D-printing of construction objects in line with Industry 4.0. Results. The research of directions of development of 3D-printing technology is carried out, the types of 3D-printers are presented and characterized. Emphasis is placed on the need and benefits of assessment and certification of energy efficiency of buildings. The advantages of 3D printing are considered, which include the improvement of such parameters as environmental friendliness, speed and accessibility of construction. An assessment of the profitability and payback period of the construction business organization, which uses 3D-printing as the primary means of construction. It is established that the specific costs per 1m2 of 3D-construction in Ukraine will be about 4 thousand UAH, and the payback period of innovative construction business based on 3D-printing is less than a year. Scientific novelty and practical significance. For the first, an economic assessment of the construction business organization uses 3D printing as the primary means of construction, in the Ukrainian economy. The results of the study will be useful for business representatives in the field of construction, and can also be used in the training of specialists for the construction industry.
DYNAMIC MODELLING AND OPTIMAL DESIGN OF BUILDINGS WITH FRICTION DAMPERS USING PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Savytskyi M. , Danishevskyy V. , Gaidar A.
Published: August 2021

Formulation of the problem. Dry friction dampers are widely used for the protection of buildings from dynamic and seismic loads. Their advantages are the simplicity and reliability of the design, low costs, easy installation and maintenance, as well as high dissipative characteristics. Determining the location of friction dampers inside a building is a complex task that requires a comprehensive analysis of the dynamic properties of the structure and, as a rule, cannot be solved within the framework of standard design methods. Therefore, a crucial problem is the development of novel methods for calculating structures with dry friction dampers allowing finding optimal design solutions to minimize dynamic and seismic impacts.

The purpose of the sudy. The method of particle swarm optimization is developed for the prediction of rational locations of friction dampers in multi-storey frame buildings to enhance their resistance to seismic loads.

Conclusions. An analytical model describing the dynamic behavior of buildings with friction dampers is proposed. A mathematical model of seismic loads is developed. Non-stationary vibrations of a building under the seismic loads are investigated. The governing non-linear dynamical equations are integrated numerically by the Runge-Kutta method. The rational locations of friction dampers are determined ensuring the minimal inter-storey drifts and accelerations of the building. The obtained results can be used in the design of houses and structures with enhanced resistance to seismic and dynamic impacts.
ON THE QUESTION OF LABOR SAFETY IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MODERN HOUSES ON WATER
Authors: DIDENKO L.M. , KLYMENKO H.О. , BAHLAI A.S. , LEBEDEVA-CHASHCHYHINA N.I.
Published: August 2021

Problem statement. Architecture near rivers and other bodies of water reflects the artistic and stylistic features of cities. Modern surface architecture has been devided in two large groups and includes a large number of typological units. The first group is large hydraulic structures (canals, dams, locks, bridges). The second group are the buildings and structures with social and housing functions. Despite the different purposes, the objects of this group have a common structural scheme, which is represented by two components: a floating base and a superstructure [1]. Today buildings on water are very popular all over the world. The main reasons for this are overpopulation of the territory, high taxes on land and others. Such buildings are popular in Germany, the Netherlands, Great Britain, the United States of America, Venice, France, India, the Czech Republic and others. In Ukraine, the construction of buildings on water is promising and may become popular for the following reasons: rather short term of order implementation; long service life (up to 50 years); a large number of mooring places; closeness to nature; privacy of rest and others [2]. Due to the fact that the process of erecting buildings on water is quite complicated and covers several branches of production at once, consideration of the issue of ensuring safe working conditions is relevant and necessary. Also, this issue has its own specifics associated with the selection of workers and ensuring safety when working on water. Purpose of the article is an analysis of the state of safety and organization of safe working conditions during the erection of modern buildings on the water. Conclusions. 1. Fatal injury rates in the construction industry have consistently exceeded those in the mechanical engineering industry in recent years. At the same time, the indicators of fatal injuries in recent years have a tendency to increase and constancy in both industries. 2. The percentage of the main causes of occupational accidents is almost constant. The influence of the main hazardous production factors associated with the construction of buildings on water, for the most part, leads to the occurrence of accidents. 3. Drawing up recommendations for the safe implementation of consistently all stages of the construction of buildings on water is an important issue of our time, since such construction has great development prospects in our country.
PRYDNIPROVSKA STATE ACADEMY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE ON THE WAY OF MODERNIZATION AND TRANSFORMATION INTO “GREEN” UNIVERSITY
Authors: Savytskyi M.
Published: August 2021

Formulation of the problem. Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture is a recognized educational and scientific center in the field of architecture and construction, which has outstanding traditions and achievements, realizes its mission in ensuring innovative development of Ukraine through infrastructure projects and programs, creation of fixed assets, housing and public construction. In 2020 Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture celebrated its 90th anniversary. However, higher engineering and construction education in Yekaterinoslav − Dnipropetrovsk − Dnipro has more than 100 years: Yekaterinoslav Polytechnic Institute (1916−1921); Yekaterinoslav Evening Workers' Construction Technical School (1921−1930); Dnipropetrovsk Construction Institute (DCI, 1930−1935); Dnipropetrovsk Civil Engineering Institute (DCEI, 1935-1994); Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture (PSACEA since 1994). The history of PSACEA is inextricably linked with the historical events in the country, as well as with the personalities - the rectors who headed the institution and directed its activities. The 30−60's – are the years of formation of the institution due to the hard work of DCI-DCEI and their leaders. In 1964, Reznichenko P.T. was appointed Rector of DCEI. The years of his leadership of the university (1964−1987) can be called the years of development during which the construction of infrastructure facilities was carried out – educational buildings, dormitories, swimming pool, scientific landfill and much more. Rector Bolshakov V.I., who headed DCEI − PSACEA for 31 years (from 1987 to 2018) is associated with the formation of PSACEA as a powerful scientific center of construction science. New socio-economic conditions require the modernization of all areas of PSACEA. The purpose of the article is to explore the ways of transformation of PSACEA into a center of modern architecture, science and technology, a green university. Conclusions. Further development of PSACEA should take place through the application and dissemination through engineering and research creative work of new knowledge, techniques and technologies, education of the younger generation in the spirit of humanism, promoting education, science and production with the support of government and civil society. The strategic goal of the academy is to become the leading architectural and construction university of Ukraine of European level of innovative type due to integration into the international scientific and educational space, preservation and development of traditions and achievements of DCEI−PSACEA school, creative application of world heritage in basic and applied research; to transform the academy into a “green” University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, the activities of which are based on the principles of sustainable development
SOME PECULIARITIES OF THE INSTALLATION, DESIGN AND CALCULATION OF HINGE BOLT CONNECTIONS IN THE FLOWS OF STEEL DOUBLE BEAMS IN THE RECONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS
Authors: KHLIBORODOV V. , ZHURBA I. , KOTSIUBA T.
Published: August 2021

Formulation of the problem. The object of study is steel beams of technological sites and coatings of buildings under static load. Statically indeterminate beams of the 1st class (according to the classification given in DBN B.2.6-198:2014) are considered, for which as a result of the reconstruction of the building provided in the project, increase in intensity of loading increase of bearing capacity of beams is required. The analysis of the existing ways of increase of bearing capacity of beams without strengthening by a method of increase in cross sections, namely, vertical movement of supports of a beam, the device of artificial hinges in beams of a beam is resulted. These methods allow the adjustment of the forces in the beam so that the bending moments in the run and the support section are the same in absolute value, which is less than the maximum bending moment in the beam before the adjustment of the forces. The problem is the design of the bolted hinged connection of the suspension beam with the cantilever beam without dismantling the beam stored for further operation, or without the installation of temporary supports in the joint area. The purpose of the article. Identify and take into account the features of the location, calculation, design and execution of hinged bolted joints in the beams saved for further operation of the beams without their dismantling. Conclusion. The design of the hinged bolted connection of the suspended beam with the cantilever has been developed. The walls of the suspension and cantilever beams are connected so that on one side of the joint the bolts are located in one vertical row, which provides free rotation of the cross sections of the suspension and cantilever beam with sufficient, determined by calculation, the difference between the diameters of holes and bolts. One vertical row of bolts should be placed in the wall of the suspension beam, for the strength of the bolted connection of the pads. An example of construction and calculation of a hinged cantilever beam formed from an integral two-span beam during the reconstruction of the building is given.
SIMULATION OF A WATER CURTAIN APPLICATION TO PROTECT WORKERS FROM THERMAL INJURIES
Authors: BILIAIEV M. , BERLOV O. , BILIAIEVA V. , VERGUN O.
Published: August 2021

Problem statement. The problem of evaluating the effectiveness of using the water curtain to reduce the risk of thermal injury to people in a fire is considered. The problem is to determine the temperature fields when supplying water for air cooling. The purpose of the article. Development of a numerical model for calculating the process of propagation of water droplets in the air, their evaporation to reduce the temperature of heated air due to fire. Methodology. For mathematical modeling of the process of propagation of water droplets in air, thermal air pollution, the convective-diffusion equation of mass transfer, the energy equation and the equation describing the motion of an ideal liquid (potential flow model) are used. The potential flow model allows you to quickly determine the field of air flow velocity in areas with a complex geometric shape. Implicit difference splitting schemes are used for numerical integration of the convective-diffusion mass transfer equation and the energy equation. Physical splitting of basic equations is used to construct a difference analogue of modeling equations. The Richardson method and the conditional approximation scheme are used to solve the aerodynamics problem of determining the velocity potential field and the components of the air velocity vector. An engineering method for calculating the process of evaporation of a drop of water based on Sreznevsky's law has been developed. Scientific novelty. An effective numerical model has been developed that allows the method of computational experiment to determine the efficiency of using the water curtain to reduce the level of thermal pollution of atmospheric air due to fire. The numerical model is based on the integration of the fundamental equations of aerodynamics, heat and mass transfer. The model takes into account the most significant physical factors that affect the process under study: the movement of heated air, the movement of water droplets in the air, evaporation of the droplet, and so on. Practical significance. Based on the built model, a computer code has been created that allows you to quickly determine the temperature fields in the air when using a water curtain. The numerical model will be useful when conducting computational experiments for the purpose of scientifically sound choice of the location of the water curtain in case of fire. Conclusions. A computer code has been created that allows a computational experiment to investigate the effectiveness of using a water curtain in a fire. The developed computer program can be implemented on low and medium power computers. The results of a computational experiment are presented.
INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE INCREASE ON THE STRUCTURAL STATE OF LOW-CARBON LOW-ALLOY STEEL
Authors: BOLSHAKOV V. , HEZENTSVEI Yuk.
Published: August 2021

Problem statement. The development and implementation of low-carbon low-alloy steels of high strength in the structural elements of blast furnaces, which will operate in conditions of heating to high temperatures is an urgent problem and can give a significant effect during the operation of buildings and structures.. Purpose of the article. establishing changes in the structural state of low-carbon low-alloy steels depending on the temperature rise. Conclusion. Conventionally, the temperatures at which the studied steels can be operated can be divided into two levels: the temperature below which no significant structural changes are detected; temperature at which significant structural changes are observed, which lead to a decrease in the reliability of structures. The presence of two levels associated with both the development of diffusion processes and the ability of the structural state to resist the effects of temperature stresses (structural stability). The structural stability of steel with increasing temperature is due to the processes that bring the system closer to the position of thermodynamic equilibrium compared to low temperature (structural state at room temperature), which is usually optimal in terms of performance. Such changes include the processes of recrystallization, coagulation of secretions and other phase transformations that lead to changes in the macro- and microstructure that impair the performance properties of the material. At relatively high temperatures, these processes occur at a significant rate, as a result of which they are crucial in limiting the possibility of using this material.
ENERGY EFFICIENT CONSTRUCTION IN UKRAINE AND FRANCE
Authors: BALAN O.
Published: August 2021

Problem statement. The building materials choice is usually based on non-environmental criteria, such asfunctionality, technical characteristics, aesthetics, cost, etc., and the environmental and human health impact is rarely takeninto account. Greenhouse effects, climate change, and energy issues remain a key issue at both European and internationallevels. Today, energy-efficient and eco-friendly areas are gaining more and more popularity in the construction industry, sothe design and construction of energy-efficient and environmentally friendly buildings in Ukraine, considering the worldexperience, including European, remains a live issue today. The purpose of this article is to explore the concepts ofenergy-efficient buildings and so-called "green" construction, as well as to analyze and explore the experience of usingenergy-saving resources in Ukraine and France. Results. Ecological and passive houses in Ukraine, energy-efficient andecological buildings in France, Hitachi technologies have been analyzed. Scientific novelty and practical significance. Theanalysis of the problem of improving the energy efficiency of buildings and ways to solve it allowed to identify ofpromising areas of green construction in Ukraine, which will form the basis for further improvement of methods offormation, evaluation, justification, and selection of rational organizational and technological solutions for energy-efficientconstruction and reconstruction.
USING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY HUB IN THE UNIVERSITY ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN THE CONTEXT OF PREVENTING A NEW OUTBREAK OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Gryshchenko Ivan
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES. The problem addressed by the project is the need to develop a new approach to energy saving and energy efficiency management in higher education institutions (HEI), whose main components are energy management, energy audit, energy certification, monitoring based on the reasonable use of international standards ISO 50001: 2011, which allows reducing or completely eliminating the barriers to energy efficiency measures related to lack of awareness of energy saving potential.METHODS. The international protocol of efficiency measurement and verification is proposed to be used as a basis for methodological support of energy efficiency analysis and control in the automated information system of energy efficiency analysis. The method of rationing of heat energy consumption, which takes into account the required level of statistical significance of energy resources saving when carrying out energy saving measures, was used to control the energy efficiency of HUB use of knowledge on energy efficiency. The methodological support of the subsystem of analysis of energy efficiency of heat energy resources consumption is considered.FINDINGS. A three-part system for improving the energy efficiency of a university based on the HUB of energy efficiency knowledge is proposed: an automated dispatch management system; an automated information system for energy efficiency analysis and a corporate management system for the heat and power complex.CONCLUSION. Compliance with the consumption rate calculated using the proposed method during the whole study period (second half of 2019 – beginning of 2021) allows to obtain a statistically significant value of thermal energy savings, which will significantly reduce the energy costs of the university in the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. An example of the use of the proposed energy efficiency knowledge HUB for building 4 of the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design is presented.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE POTENTIAL OF INTEGRATED BUSINESS STRUCTURES
Authors: Grechyshkin Yurii
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of research in the field of modeling the development of the potential of integrated integrated business structures. It is substantiated that in the conditions of transformation of the economic system of Ukraine, economic systems, being by their nature complex, dynamic and probabilistic, are characterized by uncertainty of structure, condition and development. Market transformations of the economy of Ukraine, which are characterized by changes in property relations, the creation of capital of business structures, generate an increase in the probability of merging business entities to form integrated business structures. All this raises new priorities for finding new management methods and principles, modeling to develop the potential of integrated integrated business structures.The hypothesis of the scientific research is to study the mathematical modeling of the process of developing the potential of joint business entities for the formation of integrated business structures in the transformation of the economic system of Ukraine.The aim of the research is to substantiate at the theoretical level the use of mathematical modeling for the formation of integrated business structures and their combined potentials.The methodology of scientific research is the following used research methods: within the existing integrated business structures, general scientific methods, such as the method of scientific abstraction, method of analysis and synthesis, the method of unity of historical and logical, positive and normative methods, as well as specific research methods mathematical modeling, which served as the basis for the study.Conclusions. The process of potential development of integrated business structures is substantiated and mathematically modeled. It is determined that both in the world economy as a whole and in the economies of the leading countries of the world the main role is played not by individual business entities but by integrated integrated business structures. Currently, the so-called "era of integrated business structures" prevails, which combines the potential of different forms, and due to their integrative combination, a competitive economic system is formed.
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF BUSINESS IN PREVENTING A COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Dudko Pavlo
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES. To build an effective market economy and democratic society, Ukraine needs to create a platform for dialogue between the government, business and civil society. Social responsibility of business is one of the key factors for building such a dialogue. The main problem of modern information support of social responsibility of business is the lack of a mechanism for its formation, which served as the basis for the improvement of methodological foundations for the formation of information support of social responsibility of business.METHODS. The proposed system of parameters and criteria is the basis of a survey (using the method of hierarchy analysis), to assess the state of information support for social responsibility of business in the enterprises of the Kyiv region (Ukraine).FINDINGS. A conceptual approach to the development of social responsibility in business has been formed, the implementation of which is based on the development of a methodological framework in three areas. The first one is implemented in the work by adapting the provisions of international standards of social responsibility. The second direction is represented by the development of the mechanism of formation of information support of social responsibility of business, which provides, on the one hand, monitoring in the implementation of quality assessment of information support of social responsibility of business, and, on the other hand, optimization of the process of formation of information on social responsibility of the enterprise for stakeholders. The third direction of the conceptual approach is implemented in the work through the formation of the relationship between financial and social reporting indicators, which promotes consistent disclosure of non-financial and financial information in social reporting for stakeholders, which in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is of particular importance.CONCLUSION. The formation of information support for social responsibility of business should be seen as a combination of three pillars: theoretical, structural and process. The implementation of the mechanism is aimed at unifying the structure and content of social reporting and meeting the information needs of stakeholders, the implementation of international standards of social responsibility of business, based on the results of evaluation of their provisions and the development of terminology of the fundamental categories of the "open society". Implementation of the methodological approach will allow to form the enterprise's development priorities in terms of social responsibility of business, minimise conflicts of stakeholders and ensure the formation of interrelation between financial and social reporting indicators.
EFEKTIFITAS KONTRAK PERILAKU (BEHAVIOR CONTRACT) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KONSENTRASI BELAJAR SISWA SMAN 1 TAPIN TENGAH
Authors: Werdayani Emma
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas pemberian kontrak prilaku untuk meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar siswa SMAN 1 TAPIN TENGAH, Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI MIA SMAN 1 TAPIN TENGAH yang berjumlah 20orang. Dalam penelitian ini, metode yang diskriptif kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melaluia observasi dan wawancara kepada peserta didik ada  3 siklus dalam penelitian ini. Pada siklus pertama tidak menggunakan kontrak prilaku ada 40% siswa yang konsentrasi, Siklus kedua menggunakan kontrak prilaku ada 55 % siswa dan pada siklus ke tida 75 % siswa lebih konsentrasi dalam belajar. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kontrak prilaku efektif digunakan untuk  dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar.
UPAYA PENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA DI SMP NEGERI 3 MATAN HILIR UTARA
Authors: Sianipar Yola Anelia
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Memberikan upaya peningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa yang lebih meningkat dari di SMP Negeri 3 Matan Hilir Utara. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah Diskriptif. Siswa akan terdorong untuk meningkatkan keinginya dalam belajar manakala mereka memiliki motivasi untuk belajar. 1) Kuatnya kemauan untuk berbuat, 2) Jumlah waktu yang disediakan untuk belajar, 3) Kerelaan meninggalkan kewajiban atau tugas yang lain, 4) Guru sebagai orang yang membelajarkan siswa sangat berkepentingan dengan masalah ini. Sehingga sebagai guru atau calon guru sebisa mungkin kita harus selalu berupaya untuk dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar terutama bagi siswa yang mengalami kesulitan dalam belajar dengan menggunakan berbagai upaya yang dapat dilakukan oleh guru yaitu 1) Memperjelas tujuan yang ingin dicapai. 2) Membangkitkan motivasi siswa. 3) Ciptakan suasana yang menyenangkan dalam belajar. 4) Mengguanakan variasi metode penyajian yang menarik. 5) Berilah pujian yang wajar setiap keberhasilan siswa. 6) Berikan penilaian. 7) Berilah komentar terhadap hasil pekerjaan siswa. 8) Ciptakan persaingan dan kerjasama.