bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Regional Cultural Values in Decisions about Hurricane Evacuation
Authors: Baer Roberta D. , Weller Susan C. , Roberts Christopher
Published: May 2019

This paper explores perceived risk within the context of regional cultural values. We describe aspects of local culture in Galveston, Texas, as emically defined, which affected response to a mandatory evacuation order for Hurricane Ike. Since over the past two decades about a third of residents failed to evacuate for hurricanes, we focused on understanding why residents would choose to stay. We used a matched-pair design to control for socioeconomic status and resources that might affect evacuation. Thus, pairs of neighbors were interviewed (one person who evacuated and a neighbor who did not evacuate). Using a new technique (qualitative comparative analysis) to find clustering among people and themes, narratives from in-depth open-ended interviews revealed two distinct groups of people with separate motivations for not evacuating. One group focused on the hazards of leaving because traffic hazards could be greater than storm risk, combining traffic risk with past experiences and concern about delay in reentering. These people were well-prepared with supplies and equipment to survive for a week or two without services. A second group focused on media “hype;” they simply did not believe news sources about the danger the storm posed. Unfortunately, in this case, the media warnings were correct, and the storm flooded the town with about thirteen feet of seawater, sewage, and debris. The historical pattern of official warnings, response actions, and media warnings considered to be “hype,” may actually be encouraging a culture of non-compliance with future mandatory evacuation orders.
Dealing with the Experience of Imperfection in a Finnish Public Sector Organization
Authors: Niemi-Kaija Kristiina , Aaltio Iiris
Published: May 2019

This paper seeks to clarify the gap between performance discourses and actual work life in everyday employee experiences. To show how objectively set requirements are transformed and socially constructed as the acceptance of imperfection, the understanding of daily experiences is considered through individual and shared employee perceptions. Drawing upon the notion of aesthetic categories, how employees construe their experiences of imperfection is analyzed as whether there is such a thing as the grace of imperfection. Finally, some theoretical and practical perspectives on experiences of imperfection will be outlined. The results show that it is important to understand how the necessary perfection implied in performance requirements causes tensions, not only between leader and staff but also in employee interpersonal relationships. The tendency to chase ideal performance can also be seen in the practices of the Finnish version of New Public Management (NPM). Furthermore, our findings put subjective sensations and perceptions at the center of organizational culture through which a gracious work culture is revealed.
PRINCIPLES OF POLICE ACTION IN POLICE LAW
Authors: Matvejevs Aleksandrs
Published: May 2019

The author of the article study problems of enforcement and implementation of principles in activities of police and mechanisms of implementation of principles in activities conducted by police. Its mean that the operations of the police shall be organised observing lawfulness, humanism, human rights, social justice, transparency and an undivided authority, and relying on the assistance of the public. The police shall protect the rights and lawful interests of persons irrespective of their citizenship, social, economic and other status, race and nationality, gender and age, education and language, attitude towards religion, political and other convictions. The police, by its operations, shall ensure the conformity with the rights and freedoms of persons. Restriction of such rights and freedoms shall be permitted only on the basis of law and in accordance with procedures specified in law. Author discloses the meaning and content of the principles of the organization and activities of the police, enshrined in the law. The authors also stress out particular disadvantages of law ”On Police” and make suggestions how to improve it.
DEVELOPMENT OF LEGAL REGULATION OF INSURANCE IN LATVIA
Authors: Novozhilova Nadezda
Published: May 2019

The article describes the main development stages of insurance law in modern Latvia. Insurance relationship, regulated by rules of law, have their own characteristics and relevance at the moment. In the given paper the issues of the legal groundwork for the insurance contractual relations in Latvia are considered. Some aspects of insurance law in Latvia – actual problems of legal regulation of insurance. It is considered individual development stages of legal provision of insurance contractual relations in Latvia, some existing problems and are described the possibilities for improving the legal regulation of insurance law in Latvia in accordance with the requirements of the relevant EU Directives on a unified legal space of the EU.
STUDENTS’ ENTREPRENEURSHIP AS AN EXTERNAL EFFECT OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION ON THE CASE OF STATE SCHOOL IN BIAŁA PODLASKA
Authors: Adamowicz Mieczysław
Published: May 2019

Entrepreneurship at the university, may be recognised both in the group of teachers/researchers and among students. Students’ entrepreneurship is an important form of external effects of educational activity of the university. The aim of the paper is to define the predisposition of students of State School of Higher Education in Biała Podlaska for entrepreneurship activity during studying. Second aim is an assessment of the ability of the school to create the framework and conditions for academic entrepreneurship. Sources of information for research were subject literature, official documents and information from the school and own survey among students.Research results show that academic entrepreneurship is rather poor and reasons for that are on both sides – dissatisfied students’ attitudes to business activity and weak school support for these external effects of educational activity. Investigation proved that there are large areas for improvements.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE CREATIVITY POTENTIAL OF THE STUDENT’S PERSONALITY
Authors: Van Gejeka Nataļja , Pakrastiņš Leonīds , Ignatjeva Svetlana
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this article is to show the increasing of the individual creativity potential on the base of the students’ integrative collaboration during the acquisition of the Building Constructions subject in professional university. The article deals with the issue of demand for highly-qualified, skillful and competitive specialists able to work in interdisciplinary team and organize collective work. Quantitative data analysis method was applied for analyzing the change in students’ creative abilities after the pedagogical experiment – adapted tests of creative abilities, which were developed by E. Torrens. Increase of the students’ creativity in the experimental class was deducted from the obtained data.
INVESTIGATING THE USE OF STUDENT-GENERATED QUESTIONS IN DISCIPLINARY READING PRACTICES IN HIGHER EDUCATION ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Chodkiewicz Halina , Kiszczak Anna
Published: May 2019

The paper sets out to explore the issue of students’ strategic ability of learning from disciplinary texts in tertiary education settings. While performing reading tasks, students acquire or restructure subject-area knowledge as well as improving conceptual resources and literacy skills indispensable for their academic attainment. The so-called reciprocal reading instruction promotes the adoption of a procedure in which students are required to generate their own text-based questions, then ask and answer them in pairs. The exploratory case study reported in this paper aimed to examine the performance of advanced Polish students of English during ten reciprocal reading sessions, part of a subject-specific course. The analysis of the collected data focused on selected aspects of the students’ question-generating behaviour. Additionally, the data obtained from a semi-structured interview were scrutinized in order to find out how the students evaluated their task performance. The paper finishes with a discussion of the implications of the study for the use of student-generated questions and reciprocal reading tasks in enhancing disciplinary knowledge and academic literacy skills.
METHOD FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF STUDENTS’ SCIENTIFIC IDENTITY WITHIN ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES: THE CASE OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS OF MASTER PROGRAMME “INFORMATION AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING”AT HOCHSCHULE WISMAR
Authors: Ahrens Andreas , Zascerinska Jelena , Melnikova Julija
Published: May 2019

Reaching the Goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is facilitated by science development. In order to strengthen scientific efforts in implementing the 2030 Agenda, the number of our modern society’s members who associate themselves with scientific community has to be increased. The research question is as following: What method promotes the construction of students’ scientific identity in language education within higher engineering education? The aim of the present research is to analyse the inter-connections between scientific identity and language education underpinning empirical analysis of use of biographical methods in English for Academic Purposes within Master programme “Information and Electrical Engineering” for International students at Hochschule Wismar. Research methods include theoretical and empirical methods. Theoretical methods comprise analysis of theoretical sources and theoretical modelling. The research methodology implies the study of the meaning of the key concepts of “scientific identity”, “language education” and “biographical method”. Moreover, the study demonstrates how the key concepts are related to higher engineering education. The empirical study was carried out at Hochschule Wismar in 2018. The data reveals students’ positive evaluation of use of biographical methods in English for Academic Purposes studies. The novel contribution of the paper is the newly formulated research question.
ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF LABORATORY LESSONS IN THE COURSE “CONCEPTS OF MODERN NATURAL SCIENCE”
Authors: Bukhman Lyubov , Bukhman Nikolay
Published: May 2019

Methods of teaching the course “Concepts of modern natural science” are discussed. It is shown that real (not virtual) laboratory practical work is an important and necessary part of this discipline. The example of realization of such laboratory workshop is given in the article. This laboratory workshop consists of two parts, which can be called “physical” and “biological”. The laboratory works of the “physical” part of the workshop are selected in such a way as to demonstrate deep and universal physical concepts on simple examples. For example, the study of polarized light allows students to get acquainted with the concept of spin of a particle on a simple and understandable example. A simple experience with the Magdeburg hemispheres allows us to discuss the relationship between the continual and discrete approach to the theory of the structure of matter. The “biological” part of the workshop includes not only the fundamental problems of biology itself (for example, the problems of reproduction), but also the problems of mineralogy and paleontology. The study of mineralogical samples allows students to better understand the ideas of the evolution of the earth's surface, and the study of paleontology allows a better understanding of the ideas of the theory of biological evolution.
TRADITIONAL VALUES IN THE ERA OF TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION
Authors: Läänemets Urve , Kalamees-Ruubel Katrin , Sepp Anu , Kiilu Kristi
Published: May 2019

Several factors, such as international trends of globalisation, technological innovation, changing learning environments as well as internal developments in socio-cultural contexts and educational policy-making are constantly shaping values of people and causing difficulties with specification of their identity building. Our study is based on comparative research carried out in Estonia and Finland in 2015-2018 (N = 217) with future music teachers, who were asked to write essays where they highlighted and explained meaningful for them cultural landmarks in their countries. The method used was hermeneutical analysis, as this allows to focus on the text produced according to the question asked as an expression of the respondents’ personal experiences and accepted values. The information presented in texts was analyzed at multiple levels and different viewpoints. Parallel analyses by authors were carried out in order to guarantee the validity of the overall results. Finally, the results were grouped, which allowed to draw preliminary conclusions what the common cultural landmarks were and why they have been accepted  and recognised  as meaningful and valuable by future music teachers both in Estonia and Finland and what their potential could be developing cultural cohesion in society.
FEEDBACK METHOD IN LECTURER-STUDENT INTERACTION
Authors: Prokofyeva Natalya , Zavjalova Oksana , Boltunova Viktorija
Published: May 2019

The learning process at any stage involves direct interaction between the lecturer and students. The article discusses the lecturer-student relationship as one of the factors that influences the teaching process and improvement of learning materials on the example of the study course “Computer Science”. The study aims at using the results of the survey, as well as student tests as a feedback method to improve the quality of the presentation of new material to first-year students considering the basic knowledge of obtained secondary education. The article discusses two methods of feedback: survey and testing. Survey is considered a method with high efficiency of obtaining information, a possibility of organising mass surveys, an ability to accurately process student survey results. Testing is viewed as a method to identify the level of knowledge and skills, as well as the abilities and other qualities of the educator to meet certain standards by analysing the ways, in which a student performs a number of special tasks. Both methods perfectly complement each other and provide an opportunity to more objectively analyse the learning situation. The article presents the results of the study on the example of the study course “Computer Science” for three academic years, describes changes in the structure of the course, as well as changes in the conduction of practical classes within the course, which improved student performance.
MENTORING STYLES AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO PEDAGOGICAL AND DIDACTIC COMPETENCE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Čiučiulkienė Nijolė , Mičiulienė Rita
Published: May 2019

The current educational theoretical and practical discourse intensively highlights the issue of the relationship between the mentor and mentee, in other words, the style of mentoring. The issue of influence of mentoring style to the development of mentees’ pedagogical and didactic competencies is still not sufficiently investigated. The purpose of the study is to explore mentoring styles and examine their contribution to the development of pedagogical didactic competencies of mentees. Reflective reports of student teachers (N=10) who had their internship practice in secondary schools, were analyzed using content (deductive) analysis method. The findings suggest that emerging mentoring style depends on the age and the previous pedagogical experience of mentee’s: young and having no pedagogical practice mentees tend to follow the traditional-hierarchical mentoring relationship, while older and with some pedagogical experience mentees prefer to practice reciprocal relationship with their mentors. Anyway, in both highlighted cases, the emphasis of mentors is placed on the development of didactical competencies rather than pedagogical. The prevailing mentor – mentee relationship in secondary education and implications for the professional identity of student teachers are discussed as well.
ARRANGING UNIVERSITY EDUCATIONAL PROCESS BASED ON THE REGIONAL COMPETENCE PROFILE
Authors: Guryanov Alexander , Kozlov Vyacheslav , Zhuravliova Olga
Published: May 2019

To date, there are not enough tools by which the high school would target a graduate to work in a particular company. Moreover, various bodies, even public ones, periodically request educational establishments to submit proposals for improving the staff selection and training practices. This is the relevance of our research. This article deals with a tool that allows an employer to reasonably select a university graduate who most fully meets the requirements of a particular company. Such a tool should be a mechanism for integrating the regional competence profile for the graduates. This mechanism can be implemented through the upload of students' academic project (term theses, projects, design graphics and research works, graduate thesis, etc.) in an electronic information system. In addition to the student’s study, the employer is offered access to abstracts, which contain a list of professional competences acquired by the student during the implementation of these studies. In addition, the employer is given the opportunity to write a comment regarding the relevance of the work and their final assessment, as well as suggest their own topic in the abstract. This will allow employers to track the professional growth of students they are interested in. In high school, this mechanism will affect the personal rating of the teacher - the head of the student’s academic work. Thus, the teacher motivated to increase their rating will be forced to make contact with employers through the online information environment to obtain relevant topics offered by them, and to improve the quality of students’ projects. The purpose of this study is to create a mechanism for integrating a regional competence profile of a graduate into a real educational process throughout the student’s entire learning path. The result of the study is a mechanism for the teacher to continuously have in mind the requirements of the regional labor market and design an in-demand competence profile throughout the student’s entire learning path. The study was carried out using the method of analysis, management in the chain "student-teacher-employer" on the basis of feedback, methods of observation and experiment.
THE PROBLEMS OF SPECIALISTS TRAINING IN THE FIELD OF ECONOMIC SECURITY
Authors: Bobrovskaya Tatyana , Sannikova Inna , Litvinenko Alexander
Published: May 2019

The purpose of the article is to identify the problems inherent in the current stage of higher education in the field of economic security, on the basis of analysis and assessment of the state of personnel training for "Economic Security" specialty, and develop recommendations on the formation of an educational trajectory in the training of economic security professionals based on the principles of continuity education. When writing the article, both general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge were used: scientific abstraction, dialectical, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, detailing and generalization, systemic, comparative, sociological. Identified the problems of training of the specialists in the field of economic security. The analysis and assessment of the state of training of the personnel in the field of economic security is supported by the results of an empirical study carried out using a standardized questionnaire survey of students studying in this specialty. This allowed us to assess their motivation in choosing a profession related to economic security, to identify the positive and negative components of the educational process and to justify the recommendations for the formation of an educational trajectory aimed at long life learning.
“I HAVE A THOUGHT AND I AM THINKING IT” (CRITICISM OF THE AUDIT APPROACH IN HUMANITIES RESEARCH AND EDUCATION)
Authors: Bragina Natalia , Jermolajeva Jelena
Published: May 2019

This article points out the problem of incompatibility of certain types of humanities research with the standard requirements to scientific paper, which have been developed in recent decades. In humanities studies, the process of reflection and development of a thought is often the main content of scientific work; however in the current standard this aspect is almost ignored. The standard set of requirements imposed upon papers by most scientific journals makes it difficult to obtain the full scientific status for those humanities works that are based on innovative conceptual approach and introduce new perspectives. The aim of this paper is to show the failure of the audit approach to humanities research and substantiate the necessity of extending the current format of a journal article giving it greater freedom and flexibility. In the paper the following methods are used: analysis of relevant literature, method of rationale, historical method, and comparative analysis. The proposed relaxation of the standard requirements to scientific article may stimulate humanities studies that have ground-breaking innovation but do not fit into the standard format. Moreover, it will contribute to the development of conceptual thinking of students of higher school humanities programs, which will create opportunities for more intensive development of the humanities.
USE OF COPYRIGHT PROTECTED WORKS IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors: Vindele Liene , Cāne Renāte
Published: May 2019

Copyright is one of the intellectual property rights whose main activity is to promote creativity and protect the ownership of the author. However, these rights are not absolute and are subject to certain restrictions.In the Berne Convention, Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights and also WIPO Copyright Treaty embodied so-called “three-step test” allowing exceptions to copyright protection. They state that exceptions to copyright protection are admissible only in specific cases; if they comply with the rules of normal exploitation of the author's work; and do not unreasonably prejudice the legitimate rights of the author.While respecting the restrictions contained in international conventions, the Latvian Copyright Law also lays down various restrictions, when the author's work can be used without a special permit for the use of the author's work or for free, such as in the educational or research process. The free use of copyright-protected materials constitutes a restriction on the economic rights of copyright holders. These restrictions aim to strike a balance between the rights of the author and the interests of the public. Although copyright-protected works can be used in education almost everywhere in the world, restrictions on the exercise of these rights have not been clearly established.The aim of this paper is to research limits use of copyright-protected works in the educational process. Basis for this analysis will be the international and national legal framework about copyright exceptions in educational process.In the development of the research used an analytical method of scientific research, as well as a method of interpreting grammatical, teleological and historical legal norms. For the conclusions used inductive and deductive method of scientific research.
DESIGNING OF MODULAR PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAMME IN COMPETENCE-BASED MODEL
Authors: Jankovska Līvija
Published: May 2019

Competence based education is widely discussed for the development of vocational and professional schools. The main goal of professional training is to prepare students for successful integration in professional and social life. Competence approach is considered to have a good potential to transform and improve professional study process. The aim of this paper is to study designing of competence based professional curriculum in regard to making cuuriculum structure, models and principles. Theoretical study of the competence based approach in education, planning and creating of modular and result -oriented course programmes was made. The aims, strategies, factors, and stages for contemporary learning programme are investigated. Then the concepts and structures are analysed. The results of the research show that designing competence-based curriculum is complicated, creative and innovative process. There are a lot of factors which should be taken into consideration,such as a competence as an organizational element of the curriculum.National education and professional standards make the basis to define the aims and variety of competences. Constructural, human and holistic education theories determine main principles and content of the curriculum.
SCHOOLS OF HIGHER EDUCATION VERSUS LOCAL LABOUR MARKET. THE CASE OF SCHOOL BIAŁAPODLASKA
Authors: Adamowicz Mieczysław , Pyra Mariusz
Published: May 2019

The State Professional Schools of Higher Education constitute an important sector of higher education in Poland. They are the results of the transformation process of the last decade of the 20th century. Since 1999, 36 public professional schools have been organized. After consolidation, there are 33 state professional schools which concentrate on educational activity, however some at them conduct research and other academic activity. The main aim of the paper is an evaluation of the functioning of this type of schools in the context of local labour market on the case of Pope John Paul II State School of Higher Education in Biała Podlaska, which for several years has been the leading organization in higher education sector in Poland. Sources of materials for research were found in literature, official documents of the school and own diagnostic survey with the use of questionnaires directed to 15 teachers, 105 students and 21 business representatives, which were subsequently analysed. Research results proved that there are some discrepancies between demand and supply on the local labour market in the group of higher education sector. Comparing to the educational fields offered by the State School of Higher Education in Biała Podlaska, there is a shortage of workers in such professions as: IT specialists, physiotherapists, construction engineers while the excess of supply exists for foreign language teachers, sociologists, economists, tourism servants, agricultural engineers. In conclusion, a stronger links between professional schools, enterprises and local organisations are suggested. Implementation of practical profile of students requires some changes in curricula as well as in the system of cooperation between schools and regional labour markets.
BALANCE BETWEEN LEADING AND FOLLOWING AND INTERNATIONAL PEDAGOGICAL INNOVATIONS
Authors: Radin Michael , Orlova Olga
Published: May 2019

The primary goal of this paper is to portray how the balance between leading and following can often guide us to new pedagogical innovations and leadership. First of all, we will examine how students’ feedback plays an essential role in devising new teaching styles that enhance the amiable learning atmosphere and directs us to new innovations and leadership. Second of all, we will focus on how feedback from colleagues can open new opportunities for new seminars, for new research projects, for writing new papers and textbooks and welcome us to new international and interdisciplinary teaching and learning atmosphere and new innovations. In addition, our aim is to address and understand the concerns and questions from students’ and colleagues’ feedback can be used to minimize the risk of failure and to steer us in designing new innovations and leadership. Furthermore, our intent is to portray that balance between leading and following is an essential technique in development of new ideas and innovations. Moreover, we will share examples of successful pedagogical innovations that were suggested by students and colleagues. Throughout this paper we will remit the following vital question: do creativity and innovations come directly from us?
PEDAGOGICAL CONFLICT – THE CONTEMPORARY TECHNOLOGY OF THE COMPETENCY-BASED APPROACH
Authors: Chehlova Zoja , Chehlov Mihail , Gode Ina
Published: May 2019

In the 21st century, the creative role of education in the socio-economic development is increasing. Therefore, education is focused not only on the acquisition of certain amount of knowledge by learners, but also on the development of creative abilities and personal qualities, including the ability and desire to study, the ability and desire to act and the ability and desire to create. These key competencies develop in the process of learning on the basis of the technologies of the competency-based approach.The research problem is the development of positive learning motivation for students as the means of transforming inter-personal conflict into pedagogical conflict, which promotes individual’s moral education. The aim of the article is to analyse the characteristics of pedagogical conflict and elaborate the model of pedagogical conflict on this basis as a contemporary technology of the competency-based approach. The methodology of the research include: the competency-based approach and the activity-based approach;the research methods include: theoretical analysis, interpretation and mathematical statistics.The results of the study – there have been elaborated the theoretical basis of the pedagogical conflict as a technology of the competency-based approach:the nature of the has been analysed, and the content model of pedagogical conflict has been elaborated; there has been determined the organization of the process of learning based on the humanitarian inter-action of teachers and learners, which facilitates the transformation of inter-personal conflict into pedagogical conflict and promotes the moral education of an individual.
EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION PREPAREDNESS IN DEALING WITH MOBBING SITUATIONS BETWEEN PUPILS
Authors: Jēgere Sarmīte
Published: May 2019

Most people spend a significant part of their day at the workplace doing their job, so it is very important that no side-effects hinder the successful and efficient performance of their duties and the employee feels comfortable. In order to prevent mobbing situations at an early stage or not to be formed at all, adults need to critically evaluate the smallest changes in pupils' relationships, and moreover want to notice them in order to see the root in the development of mobing. The theoretical basis of this research consists of the findings of authors such as D.Olweus,   H. Leymann, Sperry L., G.P. Elliot and other. Provided insight into the definition of mobing, the causes of the mobing and the most common features, as well as the possible consequences of prolonged mobing. An empirical study is being carried out to find out if there are signs of mobility in the institution and how the management and educators of the institution respond to them, as well as the development of proposals for early detection and prevention of mobbing in its early stages. Within the framework of the research, an interview with the head of the institution was carried out, the teachers participated in the questionnaire and the focus group interview, but the students participated in two surveys. During the empirical research it confirmed that there are signs of mobbing in the institution among the pupils, but the teachers' actions in solving these situations are not always effective because of the lack of necessary knowledge about mobing as a complex problem in the education system. Suggestions for improving the situation are provided.
ALIGNMENT OF 6TH GRADE LARGE-SCALE ASSESSMENT CONSTRUCTS WITH THE REVISED CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK
Authors: Pestovs Pāvels , Namsone Dace , Čakāne Līga , Saleniece Ilze
Published: May 2019

One of the goals of the National Development Plan 2014-2020 is to reduce the proportion of students with low cognitive skills, and at the same time increase the proportion of students with higher level cognitive skills. In line with those goals, the National Centre for Education is implementing the project “Competency-based approach to curriculum”, funded by the European Social Fund. The purpose of the research described in this article is to find out to what extent the current large-scale national assessments for 6th Grade are coherent with the new curriculum and what improvements are needed for aligning the national assessments with the national curriculum. The theoretical framework of the research is developed by analysing the frameworks of the programme for international student assessment (PISA), trends in international mathematics and science study (TIMSS), progress in international reading literacy study (PIRLS), as well as the framework of the revised national curriculum in Latvia. National 6th Grade assessments of the year 2018 are analysed by using Classical test theory and Rasch model. The indicators of the test items are mapped according to the developed theoretical framework. Authors conclude that the national 6th Grade tests assess the elements of literacy, numeracy and scientific literacy. Students have a high level of performance in test items with low cognitive depths, but there is an insufficient number of test items with high cognitive depths, allowing pupils to demonstrate skills in new contexts, which is an essential goal of the new national curriculum. Further research is required on the use of data from the large-scale assessment in supporting and guiding student instruction and learning.
THE AWARENESS OF AUDIOVISUAL AND CULTURAL REALITY OF FUTURE ELEMENTARY EDUCATION TEACHERS
Authors: Warzocha Anna Maria
Published: May 2019

Current cultural paradigm, founded on audiovisuality, creates new hierarchy, sets its own rules, brings dislocation on the stage of social communication, institutes new semiotic code, redefines the anthropological interpretation of a human being, at the same time generating different possibilities and different needs of a child at the elementary level of education. If one is to accept the assertion, that the organized process of education should be incorporated in cultural and civilizational context, and if one took into consideration the scientific research, claiming that as a result of new media expansion school pupils and students get to know the world mostly outside their schools, then cultivating teachersʼ awareness in the field of audiovisual culture consequences, especially within the system of elementary education, becomes the urgent need. Meanwhile, university courses, dealing with youngest pupils educational activities, very rarely offer lectures on anthropology, culture or media science, thus the knowledge which is absolutely necessary to run a reflective practice. Present article is by extension the comparison of research, which aimed at becoming acquainted with the amount of information on the subject of audiovisual culture and its implications, acquired by university students of elementary education  courses. The method of diagnostic survey was applied in the research carried out in the year 2018, and the results demonstrate clearly the respondentsʼ weak uptake of modern world regularities, which, by overpraising audiovisuality, brings changes in every area of our life.
THE IMPACT OF HEADMASTER’S LEADERSHIP PRACTICE ON THE FORMATION OF A PROFESSIONAL LEARNING COMMUNITY AT SCHOOL
Authors: Geske Andrejs , Rečs Normunds
Published: May 2019

In the context of general education content reform initiated in Latvia, which also provides change of teaching approach, the issue of the role of headmaster has raised. The introduction and implementation of competence approach requires strengthening and development of cooperation between teachers in professional learning communities (PLCs) at school, in order to address didactic issues, regularly analyze pupils` learning outcomes and find best ways to increase the learning outcomes of each pupil, and give an opportunity for teachers to improve their teaching by sharing good pedagogical practice. The change of teaching approach prompts a revision of school management practices as well. In order for the school to grow, there is a need for a headmaster-leader, not just a headmaster-manager and he should focus on the leadership of the teaching process by improving teaching and learning and ensuring conditions for effective learning at school. The main goal of the research is to find out to what extent the headmaster`s pedagogical leadership practice has an impact on the PLCs formation at school. The article discusses theories of the concept of headmaster as pedagogical leader and PLCs, and analyzes the results of 489 teacher survey.
INTERACTION BETWEEN PEDAGOGUE AND CHILD TO PROMOTE PLANNING SKILLS
Authors: Priede Ligita , Vigule Dagnija
Published: May 2019

The goal of the pre-school competence-based education lies in the promotion of all areas of development – physical, social, emotional and cognitive, as well as helping children to acquire core competencies, including the ability to plan own activities. The research aims at theoretical and empirical study of opportunity to promote planning skills within interaction between child and pedagogue.When dealing with both daily and teacher-created problem situations, children are involved in decision-making, are trusted to be co-responsible for the decision made. By working together with an adult, child acquires planning skills, ability to achieve the goal set. To reveal the pedagogical problem of the research in full, it is also important to look at it from the point of view of a preschool teacher. To find out opinion of pre-school pedagogues, surveying was conducted; it was aimed at studying principles of child development and upbringing taken into account in practice when organizing pedagogical process promoting planning skills of pre-schoolers. The experience of pre-school teachers was analysed by frequency and interpretation using descriptive and analytical statistics method (IBM SPSS Statistika-v19.0).
TRADE UNION AS A SOCIAL PARTNER IN IMPROVING PROFESSIONAL SUPPORT FOR TEACHERS
Authors: Grīnfelde Anda , Paula Līga , Vanaga Inga
Published: May 2019

Social dialogue involving all social partners is very important in shaping sectoral policies, therefore an implementation of educational reforms and their evaluation should take place in close cooperation between policy makers, employers' and workers' organizations. In 2018, within the context of current educational reforms in Latvia, the Latvian Trade Union of Education and Science Employees conducted an on-line survey of the teachers aiming to identify problems in teachers’ professional support. The survey indicated a gap between political debate and the reality faced by teachers in the process of implementation of reforms. The respondents acknowledged the role of the trade union in improving the professional support for teachers and emphasized its role in social dialogue to strengthen it. Although most of the teachers are satisfied with a professional support during introduction of competence-based educational content, respondents do not feel sufficiently involved in the planning and designing reforms. They believe that the needs of educators for the qualitative implementation of reforms are not being identified. Therefore, the trade union should focus on the protection of labour rights as well as the development of a professional support system and content of education policy.
GENDER IN EDUCATION OF VOLUNTEERS
Authors: Dončevová Silvia
Published: May 2019

The study focuses on the possibilities and importance of eliminating gender inequality and gender stereotypes in the area of voluntary activities in social area. The aim of the study is to show that gender inequality and gender stereotypes have negative impacts on work in volunteering in social sphere, and to show the possibilities of education of trying to improve the current state of the problem. These negative phenomena are manifested especially in the behaviour towards clients, in communication and solving critical situations. The study brings results of our own research in this area.
VALUES IN THE FAMILY - THE SPECIFICITY AND TRANSFER IN THE PROCESS OF FORMING THE IDENTITY OF THE CHILD
Authors: Kazubowska Urszula
Published: May 2019

The issues of family functioning constituted and still constitute an interesting, multidimensional and integral area of learning and research for many sciences and scientific disciplines. Among them, pedagogy, psychology and sociology are the leaders. In a special way, researchers focus on the specificity of family educational and socialization processes and their axiological and normative context. Without it, all family influences as the first and primary educative environment would be half-hearted and ineffective. The family as a primary and basic social group or a natural educational environment is a collection of people who strive for common goals, constitute an autonomous separate whole, where the attitude of building its interior are direct and indirect influences and a system of norms and values. A family understood in this way has a strong, mutual, long-lasting emotional-emotional bond; personal, direct saturation with the emotions of contact between family members; internal consistency and high involvement in activities for other members; informal, spontaneous way of organizing life within the family, community of residence, name, property and spiritual culture, and biological continuity. The family carries out the most important process for the development of the individual, namely education and socialization (Tyszka 2001, 15). Education and socialization in a family saturated with a specific normative dimension directly contribute to the optimal development of the individual in all areas of its functioning and effective fulfillment of various functions in social life. The aim of the research was to learn about the system of values in the family, which significantly contribute to shaping the identity of a child brought up in a professional foster family acting as a family emergency. I draw attention to the fact that I considered this process in a dualistic perspective, i.e. I also took into account the quality of the primary impact of families of origin of children staying in foster families in the context of educational activities of families serving as family emergency services. The presented material is a part of the research project "Foster family - an opportunity for a better future for the child" carried out at the University of Szczecin at the Faculty of Humanities. In the research process, I used a triangulation research model, i.e. I combined survey studies with a qualitative case study. The techniques used in the survey are: questionnaires for foster care coordinators, social workers, family assistants or other people supporting educational and socialization activities towards children growing up in family emergency. However, as part of a case study, qualitative interviews with foster parents and family observation were conducted.
THE PECULIARITIES OF TEACHING AN IDEOGRAPHIC LANGUAGE. TEACHING READING IN CHINESE
Authors: Moshurenko Mariia , Naumenko Stanislav , Ruda Nataliia , Siekina Nataliia , Zhukova Kateryna
Published: May 2019

Reading plays an important role in the educational process, as it is one of the central spheres in communication in a foreign language. However, reading Chinese has its own peculiarities, because the method of writing differs from the phonetic languages. The paper is devoted to the teaching reading in Chinese for beginners, using the peculiarities of an ideographic language. The outlining of these peculiarities and the development of exercises, with the consideration of these peculiarities are relevant, because most of the methodological developments are devoted to the teaching of reading phonetic languages. The paper aims to determine the peculiarities of teaching reading in Chinese, which are caused by the ideographic character of the hieroglyphic writing. The developed system of exercises for teaching reading in the Chinese language for beginners is provided. The exercises enable learners to get acquainted with the hieroglyphic writing, to build a grapheme competence and to learn how to write any character.
FEATURES OF THE INTERNAL PATTERN OF THE DEFECT IN CHILDREN OF PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT
Authors: Adeeva Tatiana , Tikhonova Inna , Khazova Svetlana
Published: May 2019

Ideas about the internal defect pattern are studied in this article. The internal pattern of a defect is a set of ideas and feelings of a person about the defect. It is a mechanism of personality development and a factor of adaptation or disadaptation of the personality. Studies of the internal pattern of the defect in modern clinical and special psychology are episodic. In modern studies, attention is paid to a greater extent to the study of the specifics of the emotional, relational component, other components of the internal pattern of the defect are not sufficiently studied. However, they are of great importance for the formation of the internal defect pattern and I-concept as a whole.The analysis of the results of the study of the Self-concept of primary school children with visual impairment is presented in the article. Features of the main components of the internal picture of the defect are presented in the work. Specific features of cognitive, physical, emotional components are established in the course of research. Contradictions are revealed in cognitive and physical components. Two types of emotional response to the defect were found in children: ignoring and compensatory. The motivational sphere of children with severe visual impairment is affected by the defect. The relationship between the specifics of the components of the internal pattern of the defect and the features of the formation of the Self-concept is assumed.
WARMING UP THE SCHOOL CLIMATE - PERCEPTION OF THE SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT AND PEER AGGRESSION
Authors: Frankowiak Joanna Katarzyna
Published: May 2019

The article sought answers to questions about the significance of subjectively perceived conditions of the school environment for students experiencing cyber aggression. The theoretical framework of the study was comprised by the socio-ecological concept of school environment (Bronfenbrener, 1986) and the concept of resilience explaining the phenomenon of positive adaptation of children and young people (Garmezy 1985). The research was carried out as part of a wider project oriented at introducing changes in schools and using a diagnostic survey. Participation was attended by: schools’ representatives, a local institution dealing with social prevention, and a researcher in the person of the author of the article.
GESTURES AS A COMMUNICATION FEATURE IN CHILDREN WITH DEVELOPMENTAL LANGUAGE DISORDER
Authors: Tūbele Sarmīte , Anoško Lūcija
Published: May 2019

Gestures as non-verbal communication allow us to express our attitude, emotional state, and it functions unconsciously. The verbal communication appears in the life of a child about 2 years of age and gradually replaces the non-verbal communication. However, children with DLD (Developmental Language Disorder) at the age of 3 and more do not speak or speak using separate sounds and combinations of sounds in their speech and use gestures broadly; it helps them to communicate with others. The aim of the article is to explore what kind of gestures as non-verbal communication are used by children with DLD in order to communicate with peers and adults. Based on the scientific literature of the research, the methods used are pedagogical observations, processing, and analysis of the collected data. Main conclusions – the children with DLD use gestures as a tool for communication and interaction. These children mainly use directional gestures during a communication act.