bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Onto-semiotic analysis of Colombian engineering students’ mathematical connections to problems-solving on vectors: A contribution to the natural and exact sciences
Authors: Rodríguez-Nieto Camilo Andrés , Cabrales González Hernán Alonso , Arenas-Peñaloza Jhonatan , Schnorr Carlos Eduardo , Font Moll Vicenç
Published: April 2024

The mathematical connections Colombian engineering students activated when they solved vector problems were explored. The study was based on the extended theory of connections and the onto-semiotic approach. We followed a qualitative methodology that consisted of three stages: (1) selection of engineering students as participants; (2) application of a questionnaire with 15 tasks on vectors to the participating students; and (3) analysis of these data based on the theoretical articulation. The results show that students perform arithmetic operations with vectors, find the scalar and vector product, the norm of a vector, the angle between vectors, and unit vector based on mathematical connections (procedural, meaning, different representations, and implication), detail from an onto-semiotic point of view. However, some students have difficulty finding the angle between vectors because they misuse the norm. Furthermore, the new metaphorical connection based on mnemonics activated by the “law of the ear” is reported. The connections activated by engineering students to solve problems about vectors may have been influenced by the explanations provided by their calculus teacher, who promotes connections for the teaching and learning mathematical concepts.
Enhancing Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus Surveillance in New Jersey: Optimized Collection of Culiseta melanura
Authors: Fagre Anna C. , Soto Raymond A. , Magleby Reed , Cuadera Mervin Keith Q. , Sun Alexandria , Cervantes Kim , Crans Scott C. , Panella Nicholas A. , Kenney Joan L. , Angelus Autumn , Burkhalter Kristen L. , Woell Dana , Horiuchi Kalanthe , Biggerstaff Brad J. , Staples J. Erin , Connelly Roxanne , Martin Stacey W. , Komar Nicholas
Published: April 2024

Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) causes the most clinically severe neuroinvasive arboviral disease in the United States. The virus is endemic in eastern and Gulf Coast states and the Great Lakes region, causing cases annually. To detect EEEV circulation in its enzootic cycle before the virus infects humans and other mammals, mosquito control agencies in New Jersey have conducted mosquito surveillance using a series of permanent wooden resting box sites since 1975. We conducted 2 field studies, 1 evaluating resting traps and 1 evaluating efficacy of CO2 lures, to optimize collection of Culiseta melanura, the primary enzootic vector of EEEV. Resulting mosquito samples were subjected to molecular analysis to determine EEEV infection rates. Corrugated plastic boxes trapped more bloodfed Cs. melanura than other resting trap types (resting boxes, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] resting traps, or fiber pots) and were similar to resting boxes in total number of female Cs. melanura caught. Further, non-baited CDC light traps were more successful in trapping host-seeking Cs. melanura than those baited with dry ice, a CO2 lure. The EEEV RNA was identified in Cs. melanura, Aedes vexans, Anopheles quadrimaculatus, and Uranotaenia sapphirina. Our findings indicate that corrugated plastic boxes and non–CO2 baited traps could improve detection of Cs. melanura. Mosquito control agencies are encouraged to periodically assess their surveillance strategy for EEEV.
INTERACTION BETWEEN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AND THE POLICE IN ENSURING THE VITAL FUNCTIONS OF THE REGION AND CREATING A SECURE ENVIRONMENT UNDER MARTIAL LAW: LEGAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Authors: Basko Andriy , Nestertsova-Sobakar Oleksandra , Kaliman Maxim
Published: April 2024

The article applies a scientific and methodological approach to the analysis of the regulatory framework, forms of interaction between local self-government bodies and the police in the area of ensuring the vital functions of the region and creating a safe environment under martial law, as well as the state of their economic support, and as a result, suggested areas for their improvement. The purpose of the study is to clarify the legal, economic and organisational bases of interaction between local self-government bodies and the police in the area of ensuring the vital activity of the region and creating a safe environment under martial law. The methodological basis of the study is the dialectical method, the application of which allowed to comprehensively reveal the nature of forms and methods of interaction between local self-government bodies and the police. Results. The study has shown that the key areas for improving cooperation between local governments and the police in areas close to military operations are as follows: creation of voluntary public order units that, together with the police, can be used by citizens to protect public order in streets, parks, squares and adjacent areas in the evening; establishment of police cooperation with the security services of strategic enterprises (energy and life support facilities) to identify persons who control the aggressor's weapons and energy and life support facilities from among the employees of these enterprises; monitoring the state of lighting of road infrastructure facilities and contacting the relevant local authorities to install additional lighting at night; surveillance of public places and other objects of citizens' life that are not under the supervision of police video observation systems; involvement of additional law enforcement forces in patrolling public places (including officers and cadets of departmental institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and other agencies) who have the appropriate skills and permits for such activities; development of an effective system of local financial distribution, taking into account the balance between ensuring the economic development of the region by creating appropriate conditions for business, sufficient social security, education and health care, and creating a system of defence capability and ensuring a safe environment for citizens.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE TOURIST AND RECREATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THE ZAKARPATTIA OBLAST IN THE FIELD OF RURAL GREEN TOURISM
Authors: Kahanets-Havrylko Lesia , Hushtan Tetiana
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of a study of the tourism and recreational potential of small and micro-enterprises in the sphere of rural green tourism in the Zakarpattia Oblast in the context of crisis and instability. It analyses the social factors influencing the development of this sector of the state economy, identifies problematic aspects in their activities that may negatively affect the development of tourism in general, as well as the impact of such crisis phenomena as COVID-19, its consequences and martial law. The authors have identified the factors that have a destructive impact and the factors that would contribute to overcoming the crisis. The aim of the research is to conduct a socio-economic study of the development of tourist and recreational potential of rural green tourism in the region and identify ways to unlock the potential of this sphere of the region's economy, which will be effective for their practical implementation in the activities of accommodation and catering enterprises. Methodology. The study was conducted on the basis of a survey of managers and owners of rural green tourism enterprises through a personal questionnaire, as well as an analysis of statistical indicators of the performance of temporary accommodation enterprises, based on official statistics of the Zakarpattia Oblast for 2020 and 2021 and provided by the Main Department of Statistics in the Zakarpattia Oblast. The monitoring covered private peasant farms in the region, namely 90 owners of such tourist farmsteads, of whom 70% were middle-aged (36-55 years old), 58% of them combine employment in the tourism sector with their main job in the public sector, and 6% have their own business other than the service sector. The results of the study demonstrate that the activities, development and general existence of rural green tourism in the region are affected by such destructive processes as crisis phenomena such as COVID-19, political instability, martial law and other macro- and microeconomic factors, which can be overcome or at least minimised by their impact on the tourism services sector to increase the viability of small businesses, which, as is known from international practice, is one of the elements of overall economic growth in the region and the state as a whole. According to the results of the study, the factors influencing the activities of enterprises, the behavioural patterns of owners of rural green tourism institutions in the context of the crisis were identified and mechanisms for minimising and overcoming the consequences of the crisis were developed, such as: diversification of business and expansion of the types of services that can be provided to potential consumers, introduction of an effective management and marketing system, adoption of European experience in the field of green tourism and proposals for improving the legislative framework for businesses to leave the shadow economy.
Impact of the Wellness on the Hesitancy on the Omicron Vaccination
Authors: Marrapu Satvika , Willam D Senn  , Victor Prybutok
Published: April 2024

The emergence of the Omicron variant has posed significant challenges to the effectiveness of existing vaccines and antibody-based therapies in combating COVID-19. This systematic literature review examines the impact of wellness on vaccine hesitancy related to the Omicron variant. The review explores various factors influencing vaccine hesitancy, including demographic characteristics, health literacy, historical mistrust, and misinformation. The research investigates the role of clear and consistent messaging, trust-building measures, and collaboration among stakeholders in addressing vaccine hesitancy. The findings indicate that a considerable percentage of the population expresses vaccine hesitancy, particularly among younger individuals and females. The review concludes by discussing the implications of parental attitudes towards vaccinating children, the impact of confidence and collective responsibility, and the influence of various antecedents on vaccine hesitancy. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, healthcare professionals, and public health authorities to design effective strategies to address vaccine hesitancy and enhance vaccination rates, thus mitigating the impact of the Omicron variant and future variants.
Комбіновані двофрагментні радіолокаційні сигнали з лінійним та експоненціальним законами частотної модуляції
Authors: Костиря О. О. , Гризо А. А. , Додух О. М.
Published: April 2024

У роботі розглядаються особливості застосування математичних моделей комбінованих двофрагментних радіолокаційних сигналів з лінійним та експоненціальним законами частотної модуляції. Предметом дослідження є синтез комбінованих сигналів, а об'єктом – їх математичні моделі. У результаті виконаних досліджень синтезовано новий двофрагментний комбінований сигнал. На відміну від відомого нелінійно-частотно модульованого сигналу з першим лінійно-частотно та другим експоненціально-частотно модульованим фрагментами нову математичну модель розроблено для випадку поточного часу. Обґрунтовано вимоги до експоненціальної функції частотної модуляції, яку доцільно використовувати для розрахунку значень миттєвої фази запропонованого сигналу. Показано, що поєднання лінійно-частотно та експоненціально-частотно модульованих фрагментів дозволяє отримати комбінований сигнал зі зменшеним значенням максимального рівня бічних пелюсток та більшою швидкістю спадання рівня бічних пелюсток у порівнянні з аналогічним за параметрами лінійно-частотно модульованим сигналом.
Mendorong pilihan jajanan sehat pada anak-anak sekolah: Pengalaman pengabdian kepada masyarakat di Desa Panteriek, Banda Aceh
Authors: Al Rahmad Agus Hendra , Ichsan Ichsan , Imran Herry , Miko Ampera
Published: April 2024

Bahaya obesitas pada anak-anak sekolah akibat konsumsi jajanan tidak sehat telah menjadi masalah kesehatan yang signifikan. Masalah kesehatan yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian serius adalah peningkatan berat badan berlebihan akibat konsumsi tidak  sehat pada anak sekolah. Dalam upaya mencegah dan mengatasi hal tersebut maka diperlukan edukasi melalui penyuluhan gizi. Tujuan kegiatan yaitu untuk menggambarkan pengalaman dan hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang bertujuan untuk mendorong pilihan jajanan sehat pada anak-anak sekolah di Desa Panteriek, Banda Aceh. Metode pelaksanaan dalam kegiatan ini yaitu menggunakan pendekatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dengan melibatkan 43 anak usia 10-12 tahun di desa tersebut. Sebelum dan setelah kegiatan penyuluhan, dilakukan pre-tes dan post-tes untuk mengukur pengetahuan dan sikap anak-anak terhadap bahaya konsumsi jajanan tidak sehat. Materi penyuluhan mencakup bahaya obesitas, jajanan tidak sehat, dan risiko konsumsi jajanan dijalanan. Hasil, analisis data menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata pengetahuan anak-anak meningkat secara signifikan setelah penyuluhan (p=0.029). Selain itu, terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan dalam sikap anak-anak terhadap bahaya jajanan tidak sehat (p=0.030). Hasil ini menunjukkan efektivitas kegiatan pengabdian dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap anak-anak terkait pilihan jajanan sehat. Kesimpulan, kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat berhasil mendorong pilihan jajanan sehat pada anak-anak sekolah. Pengetahuan dan sikap anak-anak meningkat setelah penyuluhan, yang menunjukkan pengaruh positif.
Reasons for extracting children's teeth at the department of pediatric dentistry, RSGM Baiturrahmah
Authors: Utami Sri Pandu , Suryati Sisi I
Published: April 2024

Background : Extraction of primary teeth is a relatively common part of pediatric dentistry practice, often included as part of treatment based on caries, trauma, and orthodontic considerations. Object: The samples were 30 children who had their teeth extracted at RSGM Baiturrahmah. Research Methods: Research by filling out informed consent Research by  interview was asked directly to the mother and child during the anamnesis before the child had a tooth extraction in the room. Results: The results of the study were based on a sample of 30 children who had their teeth extracted at the Baiturrahmah Hospital, the highest number was the extraction of the incisors as many as 14 children on the grounds that the teeth were loose or the teeth were persistent, 8 children extracted the 1st molars because the teeth had been lost. rocking and cavities. 7 children had their 2nd molars extracted and 1 child had their canines extracted due to loose teeth and cavities. Conclusion: Based on the reasons why children do tooth extraction, that is because dental caries is the most common cause, followed by mobility and persistence.
Edukasi pemanfaatan daun kelor menjadi produk olahan pemberian makanan tambahan (PMT) balita di Desa Deunong, Aceh Besar
Authors: Khazanah Wiqayatun , Andriani Andriani , Hadi Abdul , Miko Ampera
Published: April 2024

Latar Belakang :  Daun kelor (Imoringa oleifera) terbukti secara ilmiah memiliki kandungan gizi dan obat berkhasiat, sehingga diyakini memiliki potensi untuk mengatasi kekurangan gizi, kelaparan, serta mencegah dan menyembuhkan berbagai penyakit. Permasalahan yang terjadi yaitu belum banyak masyarakat Indonesia yang mengonsumsi daun kelor dikarenakan karakteristik daun kelor memiliki bau yang khas dan tidak disukai. Tujuan : Secara umum kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat agar dapat mengolah berbagai makanan PMT dengan menggunakan daun kelor. Hasil Kegiatan : Dari hasil perolehan nilai rata-rata pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta yang mengikuti pre-test dan post-test terlihat bahwa ada peningkatan pengetahuan peserta sebesar 14,5% yaitu dari 62,6% menjadi 77,1%. Kemudian, terjadi peningkatan juga terhadap rata-rata keterampilan peserta sebesar 13% yaitu dari 79% menjadi 92%. Kesimpulan: Edukasi tentang pemanfaatan daun kelor menjadi produk olahan pemberian makanan tambahan (PMT) balita ini memberikan dampak yang positif bagi peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang pemanfaatan daun kelor sebagai PMT balita.
Integrated Islamic School Education Model (1980-1998)
Authors: Pribadi Joko , Ansori M Afif , Andari An An , Sugianto Sugianto , Rosmawati Rosmawati
Published: April 2024

Islamic education in Indonesia has experienced rapid development alongside the growth of the Muslim population. This paper discusses the role of Integrated Islamic Schools (IIS) as a new trend in Islamic education in Indonesia. This article analyzes the historical development of Islamic education, the role of IIS in facing the challenges of modernization, and its impact on Indonesian Muslim society. In the context of the development of Islamic education, there has been significant transformation during the reform era, including changes in the national education system. Islamic education is no longer confined to traditional models, and the emergence of IIS in several major cities marks a step towards the modernization of Islamic educationThis article employs a qualitative descriptive research method focusing on data analysis from various sources, including books, journals, and relevant publications. The research findings indicate that IIS, as part of the Integrated Islamic Schools Network of Indonesia, has attracted public attention, especially in major cities. Despite the high cost of education, IIS is considered an alternative Islamic education that combines Islamic values with a modern approach.
Control L2/D
Authors: García-Alvarado Miguel Ángel , Rodríguez-Jimenes Guadalupe Del Carmen , Ruiz-López Irving Israel , Carrillo-Ahumada Jesús
Published: April 2024

Se presenta la concepción formal del control geométrico paramétrico en ℒ2 /
Índice Tobillo Brazo, factores sociodemográficos y clínicos en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2
Authors: Sánchez Hernández José Roberto , Carrasco Brambilla Sharon Lisette , Pérez Félix Margarita Veneranda , Tegoma Ruiz Victor Manuel , Chiu Cruz Yun Sem , Jiménez Zúñiga Esther Alice
Published: April 2024

Se identificó la relación entre Índice Tobillo Brazo (ITB) con los factores sociodemográficos y clínicos de pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Estudio descriptivo correlacional.  Muestra de 91 participantes. Se utilizó una cédula de datos personales/clínicos, recolectados por enfermeras que siguieron las recomendaciones nacionales e internacionales para la evaluación de las variables clínicas. El ITB se  correlacionó con la edad, la presión arterial diastólica y sistólica. Existió correlación entre otras las variables clínicas y sociodemográficas. Enfermería puede identificar factores de riesgo para la Enfermedad Arterial Periférica en pacientes con DM2, contribuir a mejorar la condición de las características clínicas y uso de calzado adecuado que favorezcan la calidad de vida y limitación del daño en estos pacientes.
Impacto del COVID-19 y su vacunación en el embarazo
Authors: González-Reynoso Rebeca , Valencia-Ortega Jorge , Saucedo García Renata Patricia
Published: April 2024

Esta revisión narrativa tiene como objetivo describir el impacto de la enfermedad coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) en mujeres embarazadas y sus hijos, así como la respuesta inmune generada en el binomio con la vacunación. Para ello se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en distintos motores de búsqueda. Con los resultados obtenidos se observó que la COVID-19 durante el embarazo se asocia con diversas complicaciones materno-fetales, las cuales disminuyen con la inmunización. Esta inmunización ha mostrado además de una adecuada seguridad, la generación de una transferencia placentaria de anticuerpos al feto y a la leche materna ofreciendo una protección al recién nacido contra la hospitalización por la COVID-19. Se concluye que estos datos respaldan la inmunización anti COVID-19 durante la gestación.
Estrategias anti-predadoras en mamíferos
Authors: González Cruz Yamile , Manjarrez Silva Francisco Javier
Published: April 2024

Este ensayo revisa y analiza la información actual sobre las diferentes estrategias antidepredatorias y sus implicaciones en las especies de mamíferos, a través del análisis, interpretación e integración de la literatura existente sobre el tema, para comprender su función como una presión selectiva que ha promovido a cambios evolutivos en la interacción depredador-presa; específicamente estrategias de vigilancia, congelación e inmovilidad tónica, estrategias de escape y diferentes estructuras de enfrentamientos, además de, cambios en las estrategias anti-predatorias como consecuencia de la presencia humana. Se concluyó que los mamíferos muestran variación intraespecífica antidepredatoria en diferentes escenarios, lo que hace difícil cuantificar las respuestas conductuales en condiciones de laboratorio y campo. En un futuro debemos estudiar como múltiples factores interactúan entre sí.
Reflexiones de un biólogo y un matemático acerca de la idea de la Tierra plana
Authors: Del Monte-Luna Pablo , Nakamura Miguel
Published: April 2024

Examinamos críticamente la idea de la Tierra plana, discutimos por qué se cree en ella y la pertinencia de debatirla públicamente. En una Tierra plana, las explicaciones del día-noche y de las estaciones del año, no son falsables ni compatibles entre sí; además, dado que carecen de poder explicativo y predictivo, la tierra plana no es un modelo científico válido. Sugerimos que una combinación entre inconsciencia de su desconocimiento, mentalidad conspirativa y necesidad de pertenencia, influencian a una persona hasta hacerla creer que la Tierra es plana. Para maximizar el efecto del debate a favor del pensamiento basado en evidencia, se recomienda exhibir públicamente las fallas argumentativas de los negacionistas de la ciencia mediante refutación técnica.
Mientras más, mejor: Análisis de interacciones proteicas mediante fluorescencia
Authors: Reséndez-Pérez Diana , Montalvo-Méndez Rubén , Jiménez-Mejía Gustavo
Published: April 2024

El estudio de las interacciones entre proteínas es de gran relevancia para entender los mecanismos
moleculares dentro de las células. En las últimas décadas, se han desarrollado estrategias que permiten
el análisis de interacciones proteicas sin alterar la estructura celular e incluso se ha logrado combinar
estas técnicas para identificar la formación de complejos multiproteicos. El objetivo de esta revisión es
mostrar un panorama general en el estudio de las interacciones proteína-proteína, haciendo énfasis en
estrategias fluorescentes tanto de complementación como de transferencia de energía y su combinación
para el análisis de las interacciones proteicas. Se concluye que las estrategias de marcaje fluorescente
como BiFC, BiLC, FRET y BRET han desplazado las técnicas clásicas con enfoques más novedosos.
Effects of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome on clinical and instrumental indicators in obese patients
Authors: Yuzvenko V. S.
Published: April 2024

Due to the high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), its diagnosis and treatment remains one of the urgent problems of medicine. Hypodiagnosis of OSAS is observed in everyday clinical practice. The early OSAS diagnosis and treatment, including the use of non‑invasive assisted ventilation of the lungs with constant positive pressure during sleep, could prevent the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, and significantly improve the quality of life of a person.
Objective — to assess OSAS impact on the clinical and instrumental indicators in obese patients, to establish correlation between the characteristics of cardiorespiratory sleep monitoring and indicators of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in obese patients.
Materials and methods. Observations involved 78 patients with I ‑ II degree obesity. According to the results of cardiorespiratory monitoring (CRM) of sleep, three groups of obese patients were formed. The first group included 26 patients with an apnea‑hypopnea index <30 episodes per hour (mild OSAS degree). The second group was consisted of 26 patients with apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) over 30 episodes per hour (severe OSAS degree). The groups matched by percentage of men and women, the mean age and body mass index.
Results. An increase in body weight and body mass index (BMI) in obese patients was associated with an increase in the number and total duration of episodes of apnea/hypopnea, AHI, as well as a decrease in blood oxygen saturation (SpO2). Parameters of waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), WC/HC positively correlated with the number and duration of episodes of apnea/hypopnea, AHI, and negatively correlated with SpO2. Positive values of the Spearman r coefficient ranged from 0.23 to 0.57, negative values — from –0.26 to –0.48 (р <0.05).
Conclusions. In obese patients with OSAS, the parameters of cardiorespiratory sleep monitoring — apnea‑hypopnea index, total duration of apnea episodes, directly correlated with body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure level, total cholesterol, blood triglycerides. An inverse correlation was found between oxygen saturation and fasting glycemia and the level of glycated hemoglobin.
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes and metabolically-associated steatosic liver disease. Review
Authors: Tkach S. M.
Published: April 2024

In recent years, the prevalence of metabolically‑associated steatosis of the liver (MASLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been increasing significantly. Therefore, there is an urgent need to study new strategies for the treatment of this pathology, in particular, to prevent the progression of liver steatosis and fibrosis and to reduce the mortality associated with liver diseases. A systematic review and meta‑analysis of randomized controlled trials was recently conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of glucagon‑like peptide‑1 receptor agonists (GLP‑1RAs) in the treatment of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in patients with T2DM s and MASLD. A total of eight trials were included in the review, involving a total of 468 participants with T2DM and MASLD. Analysis of the primary results showed that administration of GLP‑1RAs in patients with T2DM and MASLD significantly reduced the content of intrahepatic fat, subcutaneous adipose tissue, and visceral adipose tissue. Analysis of secondary outcomes showed that GLP‑1RAs caused significant reductions in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose and HbA1c, HoMA‑IR insulin resistance index, total cholesterol and triglycerides compared with the control schemes of treatment. The main adverse events associated with GLP‑1RAs included mild to moderate gastrointestinal discomfort and hypoglycemia, which resolved within several weeks. GLP‑1 RAs have a positive effect in patients with T2DM and MASLD and have a positive effect on inflammatory markers, contribute to reducing of weight, waist circumference, and insulin resistance index. Therefore, GLP‑1RAs can be considered as a potential treatment strategy for patients with type 2 diabetes and MASLD, if there are no contraindications. Further studies are needed to clearly understand the effect of GLP‑1RAs on the course of MASLD and the potential mechanisms by which they exert a therapeutic effect and prevent its progression.
A clinical case of surgical treatment of appendiceal stump abscess
Authors: Stetsenko O. P. , Tsyura Y. P. , Kindzer S. L. , Kryvopustov M. S. , Prykhodko Y. S.
Published: April 2024

In Ukraine, the share of patients with acute appendicitis is 89.1% of the total number of patients with acute surgical pathology. In modern surgical practice, early and late complications occupy the first place in the structure of acute surgical diseases of the abdominal organs, regardless of the age and gender of the patients, and the postoperative mortality is on average 0.15%. In the remote period after an appendectomy, despite the progress of modern surgery, a very rare complication known as inflammation of the stump of the appendix can occur.
The patient, 25 years old, turned to the department of purulent surgery with complaints of a «small wound» at the site of the postoperative scar in the right inguinal area and minor purulent discharge from it. Four months ago, in July, he was operated on for acute phlegmonous appendicitis. On November 1, after physical exertion, the wound reappeared, and on November 3, the patient independently sought a consultation at the reception department of the Clinical City Hospital No3. He was examined by a surgeon and hospitalized. During the revision of the wound, a tumor‑like formation measuring 2.5x3.0x2.5 cm, as well as the parietal peritoneum, was revealed. Appendectomy was performed by the method of pouch ligation with drainage of the abdominal cavity through a separate contraperture with polyvinyl chloride drainage. After the operation, a diagnosis was established: abscess of the stump of the appendix, and external fistula of the anterior abdominal wall. The postoperative wound healed with primary tension, and the sutures were removed.
The diagnosis of appendicitis may be mistakenly excluded from the clinical search due to the presence of a postoperative scar after appendectomy. A clear clinical picture of acute appendicitis or the opening of a fistula at the site of a postoperative scar in the right iliac region indicates the need for a computer tomography of the abdominal organs with contrast to establish an accurate diagnosis and choose the correct treatment tactics. The only treatment for inflammation of the appendiceal stump is a complete appendectomy with appendix removal either by open or laparoscopic surgery, which should be performed urgently to avoid further complications.
Nutritional support in patients with acute pancreatitis. Review of published studies
Authors: Kolosovych I. V. , Hanol I. V.
Published: April 2024

Acute pancreatitis is a common disease that occurs in 5—10% of patients with urgent pathology of the abdominal cavity. The most prevalent metabolic disorders affecting this group of patients are hypermetabolism and hypercatabolism syndromes, which are accompanied by excessive consumption of carbohydrates, fats, and amino acids, increased oxygen intake, and carbon dioxide production.
Objective —  to analyse the current state of the problem of nutritional support for patients with acute pancreatitis.
The degree of nutritional disorders in patients with acute pancreatitis varies depending on the etiological factors and severity of the disease, necessitating a differential approach to their correction. Patients with acute pancreatitis experience disruption of the intestinal microflora due to the antibiotic therapy, nutrient and fiber deficiency, and lack of microbial antagonism. This disruption leads to excessive growth of bacteria, particularly gram‑negative microflora. The effectiveness and safety of enteral tube feeding are determined by a complex of factors: the timing of recovery of peristalsis and the absorption function of the intestinal wall, the type of mixture, and the method of its administration. Restoration of intestinal absorption in patients with severe acute pancreatitis occurs on average 48 hours after the start of complex conservative therapy. The use of antiflatulents as part of a mixture for enteral nutrition allows to improve the laboratory indicators of blood serum and reduce the frequency of intestinal complications on the 7th day by 21.5% (χ2=4.88, 95% CI 2.3—39.5, p=0.03). Nasogastric nutritional support in patients with severe acute pancreatitis is safe and leads to a 25.8% reduction in the incidence of local infectious complications (χ2=4.59, 95% CI 2.43—45.53, p=0.03), length of hospital stay by 16 days (p=0.04), and deaths by 21.4% (χ2=4.13, 95% CI 0.81—39.68, p=0.04) in comparison with parenteral nutrition. Nutritional support should be started with nasogastric administration of a food mixture, and in case of complications (intolerance, aspiration, etc.), nasojejunal administration. Parenteral nutrition should be used if enteral nutrition is impossible or not tolerated.
Cytokine-determined mechanisms of the pathomorphological realization of gastroesophageal reflux disease against the background of autoimmune thyroiditis in young persons
Authors: Zhelezniakova N. M. , Bocharova T. V. , Pasiyeshvili L. M. , Pasiyeshvili T. M.
Published: April 2024

The aim: to study the features of proinflammatory cytokine status and pathomorphological realization of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) against the background of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) in young people.
Materials and methods. Examinations involved 120 patients with GERD and AIT and 45 people with isolated GERD. The control group consisted of 20 volunteers matched by age, gender, and social status. All patients underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy, histological study, comparative morphometry of the esophageal mucosa, and determination of proinflammatory cytokines’ levels: interleukin‑1β (IL‑1β), IL‑18, tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α).
Results. The frequency of erosive GERD in the examined groups of patients did not statistically differ. At the same time, analysis of the structure of erosive GERD forms revealed a significant redistribution of esophagitis grades towards its enhancement in patients with comorbid pathology. The histological study showed that in patients with nonerosive GERD and AIT all the studied morphometric parameters had significantly deeper changes and exceeded similar indicators of the group with isolated GERD: epithelium total thickness 319.3±9.1 µm against 286.1±8.2 µm (p <0.01), epithelium basal layer thickness 79.6±3.2 µm versus 49.7±2.1 µm (p <0.01), connective tissue papillae height 224.8±7.3 µm against 172.7±4.6 µm (p <0.01), intercellular space 1.55±0.11 µm versus 1.12±0.09 µm (p <0.01). The presence of concomitant AIT was associated with a significant redistribution towards increased degrees of hyperplasia of the basal layer of the epithelium, elongation of the papillae, and leukocyte infiltration. The comorbidity of GERD and AIT in young people was associated with significant increase in the blood serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines in compared to isolated GERD: IL‑1β — 29.6 pg/ml versus 17.7 pg/ml (p <0.01), IL‑18—1763.4 pg/ml versus 614.6 pg/ml (p <0.01), TNF‑α — 7.6 pg/ml versus 5.2 pg/ml (p <0.01). Correlation analysis of the cytokine content and expressivity of certain morphometric parameters of the esophageal mucosa revealed the direct correlations.
Conclusions. GERD and euthyroid AIT comorbidity in the student population is accompanied by significant redistribution of esophagitis grades towards its aggravation. The presence of concomitant AIT in patients with non‑erosive GERD leads to the significant intensification of the degree of epithelium basal layer hyperplasia, connective tissue papillae elongation, and polymorphic cellular inflammatory infiltration in comparison with isolated GERD, while these deviations demonstrate direct correlations with the levels of IL‑1β, IL‑18, and TNF‑α.
Strive for Measurement, Set New Standards, and Try Not to Be Evil
Authors: Briggs Derek C.
Published: April 2024

I consider recent attempts to establish standards, principles, and goals for artificial intelligence (AI) through the lens of educational measurement. Distinctions are made between generative AI and AI-adjacent methods and applications of AI in formative versus summative assessment contexts. While expressing optimism about its possibilities, I caution that the examples of truly generative AI in educational testing have the potential to be overexaggerated, that efforts to establish standards for AI should complement the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing and focus attention on the issues of fairness and social responsibility, and that scientific advance and transparency in the development and application of AI in educational assessment may be incompatible with the competitive marketplace that is funding this development.
IVPF-AHP integrated VIKOR methodology in supplier selection of three-dimensional (3D) printers
Authors: Yalçın Selin
Published: April 2024

Complex geometries, fine details, and various designs that are difficult to create using traditional methods can easily be turned into a tangible object with Three-Dimensional (3D) printers. 3D printers have advantages such as providing design flexibility, obtaining prototypes in the shortest possible time, allowing for personalization, and reducing waste through the use of advanced technology. These advantages emphasize the significance of 3D printers in a sustainable production model. The widespread usage of 3D printers leads to increased efficiency and cost reduction in production. When the literature is examined, it is observed that there are limited studies on the evaluation of supplier performances for company using 3D printers. The aim of this study is to address 3D printers, which are highly significant for sustainable production, and to reveal the criteria that companies utilizing these printers need to consider for determining their suppliers. As a result of the literature review and expert interviews, a model has been developed that gathers the criteria to be considered for supplier selection, which is an important cost factor for companies involved in designing and producing 3D printers under five main and 18 sub-criteria. The importance weights of the criteria have been determined using the Interval Valued Pythagorean Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (IVPF-AHP) method, and the most suitable supplier among alternative suppliers has been selected using the Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) method. Finally, the supplier scores have been statistically analyzed to show the validation of the results of the proposed method. According to the results, it has been concluded that for company using 3D printers, quality and technical service criteria are more important in the supplier selection. Additionally, cost of the material/equipment, product price and easy maintenance criteria also play a critical role in the supplier selection of 3D printer.
Value-Semantic Blocks in Images of African Poetry (in the Context of Historical and Social Changes)
Authors:   Institute for African Studies RAS, Kharitonova Elena
Published: April 2024

The article presents an interdisciplinary study at the intersection of culturology and African studies. The author suggests that the formation and transformation of values and meanings in Africa were influenced by specific facts of the history of sub-Saharan Africa. On the one hand, a colossal cultural layer is associated with the colonial past of African countries, with the influence of Western culture and Western values. Colonization of the continent, the struggle for freedom and independence, racial problems have determined the identity of Africans, the specifics of their identification, the need to restore their dignity. On the other hand, there exists a powerful foundation of traditional culture. The paper analyzes specific African value-semantic blocks associated with the facts of African history. It raises the question about the mission of Africa and the “Black man”, expressed in the value-semantic block “the black man is the savior of faith, the guardian of spirituality and honor” and the question of the unique “cosmogonic” system of representations of the African man, embodied in the value of connection with ancestors, with nature, with the earth and with heaven. Examples of the reflection of a number of value-semantic blocks in the images of African poetry are given.
Assistance to Countries in Asia and Africa: a View From Moscow and Beijing
Authors:   Institute for African Studies RAS, Konstantinova Olga
Published: April 2024

Review of the book: “Russian and Chinese assistance to Asian and African countries: comparative analysis and prospects for coordination”. Сollective monograph. Edited by D.A. Degterev, Li Yan. Moscow: RUDN, 2023. 263 p. (In Russ.)
Research Trend Analysis of Edutainment Application in Korea: From 2015 to 2022
Authors:   The Korea Association of Education Consulting & Coaching, KAECC, Kim Young-hwan , Jang Min-ji , Kang Doo-bong
Published: April 2024

This paper aims to draw implications for future research on edutainment with particular focus on applying edutainment in the classroom setting through a stock-taking effort of Korean research on edutainment. Employing multiple frequency analysis and cross-analysis of the findings between this paper and our previous trend analysis of edutainment research in Korea (Lee & Kim, 2015), we have analyzed a total of 54 research, 40 peer-reviewed articles and 14 dissertations, related to edutainment that have been published from 2015 to 2022. We primarily find that first, through a comparison of the naïve frequency of edutainment research papers before and after 2015, the number of research publications post-2015 are in decline which contrasts with the trend of increasing academic attention to edutainment pre-2015. Second, with regards to the type of edutainment’s application in the classroom, we find that the use of the latest technology such as virtual and augmented reality has increased. Moreover, the use of edutainment has appeared for a wider variety of educational contents. In addition, when it comes to the effectiveness of edutainment in education, the importance of mutual interactivity rather than academic scores appears to be highlighted. Drawing from these findings, we present the direction of future research on edutainment’s application to educational settings for strengthened effectiveness of edutainment.
A Study on Strategies for Activation of Convergence Major in University
Authors:   The Korea Association of Education Consulting & Coaching, KAECC, Kim In-sook
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the phenomenon of the university's convergence major and to propose implications for revitalizing the convergence major by deriving a development plan. To this end, data were collected through an online survey of students and professors at University A, and priorities were derived by applying the independent sample t-test and The Locus for Focus Model to the collected quantitative data. The main findings are as follows. First, the degree of awareness of convergence majors was higher for professors than for students, and the necessity and expectation for career development help were higher for students than professors. Second, in terms of recognition of the direction of convergence majors, “acquiring convergence knowledge linked to various academic fields and providing opportunities for convergence thinking” was the highest rate for both students and professors. In the direction of convergence major education, “taking several major subjects according to the interest and need of students” for students and “a class that enables convergence thinking” for professors appeared as priorities. Third, for the focus on convergence majors, “class to learn communication and flexibility” for students and “internal motivation immersion class” for professors were the top priority areas. Innovation in class content” was the highest for both students and professors as an innovation factor required when operating convergence majors. Fourth, the demand for effective operation and activation of convergence majors was found to be strengthening interdisciplinary cooperation and strengthening an organization dedicated to convergence education. The results of this study are expected to be used as evidence for the establishment of specific strategies for the development and activation of convergence majors in the field of university convergence education.
عتبة إلاهــداء في شــعـر حمد محمود الدُّوخي
Authors: محمد عاشور الاء , عجيــل الهــاشمــي شــاكر
Published: April 2024

لقد شكلت هذه العتبة النصية منزلة مهمة في شعر حمد محمود الدوخي لما لها من دور توصيفي في فك مغاليق النص، بوصف هذه العتبة عتبة تقرب المتلقي من فحوى المتن فهي حلقة ربط بين العنوان والمتن لذا فهي عتبة مهمة تم استثمارها بشكل لافت من قبل الدوخي في صناعة النص الشعري لاسيما في قصدية الشاعر في تقوية الربط وذلك عندما يوطن ارتباط هذه العتبة بغيرها من العتبات النصية المشاركة في بناء عموم النص.
العلاقة بين الاستثمار في التعليم والتنمية الاقتصادية في العراق للمدة (1985-2016)
Authors: بريسم حبيب حسين , قاسم شندي اديب
Published: April 2024

حاول البحث تسليط الضوء على قياس العلاقة بين الاستثمار في قطاع التعليم والتنمية الاقتصادية في العراق, من خلال دراسته المتغيرات الاقتصادية والتعليمية ذات الصلة, وقد وجد من خلال اجراء الدراسة القياسية ضعف العلاقة بين متغيرات مثل الانفاق على التعليم وعدد الخريجين كمتغيرات مستقلة على المتغير التابع GDP وكذلك على متوسط دخل الفرد كمتغيرات تابعة, ان ضعف هذه العلاقة يعود الى عدة اسباب منها اقتصادية وسياسية وتنظيمية , اذ ان ضعف السياسات والمتطلبات وكذلك عدم ايلاء التعليم المهني والتعليم في القطاعات ذات البعد المعرفي اهمية بالغة ادى الى ضعف تأثير العلاقة, وكذلك فأن عدم التوافق بين مخرجات التعليم ومتطلبات سوق العمل ادى الى ضعف تأثير متغيرات التعليم على متغيرات الاستثمار في هذا القطاع, ان تفعيل دور الاستثمار في قطاع التعليم في العراق يتطلب اجراء تغيرات هيكلية على بيئة القطاع التعليمي تتضمن التركيز على الاختصاصات ذات البعد المعرفي والتكنولوجي, وبما يتلائم مع متطلبات الاقتصاد الجديد القائم على التنافسية والريادة والابتكار
عالم ما بعد الموت في الفكر الديني العيلامي القديم
Authors: عبد الجبار علي سعاد , سيد نور جلال  الأعرجي حسين
Published: April 2024

ان فكرة حياة مابعد الموت ماهي الا وسيلة لهروب من الموت الذي يعد شيئاً مخيفاً الى يومنا هذا. ان الانسان بطبعه يخشى المجهول والموت ومن هنا جاءت فكرة حياة مابعد الموت، اذ اعتقدوا سكان بلاد عيلام بفكرة حياة ما بعد الموت، اذ اعتقدوا ان الموت جسراً متمثل بعبور الانسان الى عالم الظلال، ليلتقي بقاضي الاموات الاله اينشوشيناك inšhšišhinakالذي يقرر كيف سوف تكون حياته في عالم الظلال، فالشخص المتوفي يحضر برفقة الهة اشميكاراب Ishme-karab او الاله لاكامالlakamal، يمشي خلفهم او احدهم ويحضر امام الاله اينشوشيناك الذي كان مسؤولا عن ميزان الاعمال ( ميزان اعمال الارواح )، كي يتخذ الاله قرار بشأنه
تقنية المفارقة الشعرية في شعر المناسبات عند الجواهري
Authors: هاشـــم ذبيـح حامـــد , حسين الخالدي جاسم
Published: April 2024

شغل شعر الجواهري مساحة كبيرة من ديوان الشعر العربي, طوال القرن العشرين, فقد حاز على عناية النقاد والقراء على حدٍ سواء, ودرس الشاعر وشعره في شتى الموضوعات بأطاريحَ ورسائل كثيرة في بلده العراق والوطن العربي, لكنَّها لم تسلط الضوء على موضوعٍ لطالما برع فيه, وشغل مساحة كبيرة من ديوانه, ألا وهو (شعر المناسبات) الذي عانى من نظرة غير منصفة من أكثر الدارسين؛ إذ ألصقوا به العيوب والمآخذ من جهة اللغة, والأساليب الشعرية, والتقنيات البنائية والفنية المستعملة فيه, وكأنَّها رهن به وحده, ولا يتحتم وقوعها في غيره من الأنواع الشعرية الأُخرى؛ لذا استعمل الشاعر (تقنية المفارقة الشعرية) في شعر المناسبات, وكان الهدف من ورائها صياغة هذا اللون الشعري صياغة أُخرى, ولغرض إبراز قدراته الفنية والابداعية داخل نصوصه الشعرية, التي تفرده عن غيره من الشعراء في كل أنواع الشعر بشكلٍ عام والمناسباتي بشكلٍ خاص.