bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Economic Growth and Environmental Degradation in Peru, Period 1990-2019
Authors: Mamani Julio Cesar Quispe , Pinto Santotomas Licimaco Aguilar , Layme Marleny Quispe , Layme Wilian Quispe , Flores Adderly Mamani , Limachi Duverly Joao Incacutipa , Álvarez Dominga Asunción Calcina , Toledo Guino Percy Gutierrez
Published: August 2023

Objective: The objective of this research is to analyze the relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation through a regression model for the Peruvian case, during the period 1990-2019, based on Georgescu Roegen's Bioeconomy; who explains that, in environmental terms, economic growth seems to be more of a problem than a solution.
 
Method: The quantitative approach was considered, of a non-experimental type, with a descriptive and correlational design; where secondary source information from the World Bank database was used.
 
Results: According to the results obtained, it is concluded that the variable with the most relationship or that best explains economic growth is energy consumption, followed by CO2 emissions; indicators of environmental degradation explain 24% of economic growth, being a model without problems of heteroscedasticity or autocorrelation; the level of individual significance in all cases is less than 5% and according to the proposed model it is necessary to; if CO2 emissions increase, PBI per capita would increase by 19% and if energy consumption increases, PIB per capita would increase by 20%.
 
Conclusions: Finally, it was possible to contrast the hypothesis that there is a direct and significant relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation.
Relationship Between Labor Contracting and Labor Rights of Public Sector Workers, Peru
Authors: Delgado Marly Lizet Zavaleta , Navarro Lilian Rocio Rimapa , Puican-Rimapa Victor Hugo , Cuadra Yelka López , Hernandez Orlando Hernandez , Benavides Anita Maribel Valladolid
Published: August 2023

Purpose: To determine the relationship between labor contracting and the labor rights of public sector workers in Peru.   Theoretical framework: The theory found allowed us to delve deeper into the topic of hiring and labor rights, but not from theory on employee perception but from specialists in legal matters, which is why in this research it was decided to take into account the perception of public sector employees.   Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative study was considered, under an applied type of research, with a descriptive correlational non-experimental design, so the surveys were applied to 25 public sector workers.   Results: The findings revealed a bilateral sigma much lower than 0.05, allowing the null hypothesis to be rejected and the alternative hypothesis to be accepted, likewise, it is observed that the Spearman's Rho reached 0.815 between labor contracting and labor rights. In addition, the variables reached 92% in the inadequate level, of the three dimensions, the one that presents the greatest difficulties was subordination because it obtained 92% in the inadequate level, on the other hand, onerosity reached 88% in the inadequate level, followed by exclusivity which obtained 76% in the inadequate level, thus revealing that within the institution there is no internal discipline that allows workers to comply with the provisions of the superiors assigned to each office.   Research, practical and social implications: It is shown that when labor contracting is carried out efficiently, considering the legal bases and respecting the established clauses, then the labor rights of workers will be protected and protected, thus revealing that within the institution there is no internal discipline that allows workers to comply with the provisions of the superiors assigned to each office, this result could be argued in the legal basis of Law 29783. Originality/value: The purpose of an employment contract is to outline the rights and responsibilities of both the employer and the employee, as both parties will sign the contract. However, employers will always look for ways to undermine their workers' protections under the law, as current labor laws leave many workers unprotected.
Spiritual Leadership in Educational Organization: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Subhaktiyasa Putu Gede , Agung Anak Agung Gede , Jampel I Nyoman , Dantes Kadek Rihendra
Published: August 2023

Purpose: This study aims to review existing research on spiritual leadership in educational organizations systematically. The research aims to fill the gaps in the literature by highlighting critical issues related to the dimensions and consequences of spiritual leadership in various educational organizations.    Design/methodology/approach: This paper searched for all research studies on spiritual leadership in educational organizations without restriction on the year of publication. Eighteen articles from 84 studies in the Scopus database were included in the review. This study applies PRISMA to systematically synthesize and integrate existing research on spiritual leadership in educational organizations through identification, screening, and feasibility.    Findings: Spiritual leadership is a holistic concept with different understandings and dimensions. Previous research found several factors as consequences for individual and organizational outcomes.   Research, Practical & Social implications: This study offers future research to overcome the limitations of construction testing through several variables in educational management referring to the understanding of spiritual leadership theory.   Originality/value: The literature on spiritual leadership in educational organizations is limited, and the perspectives and dimensions of measurement differ. This study provides a comprehensive and critical systematic against the limited literature.
Citizen Participation in Community-Based Tourism Development in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Mai Van Nam , Nguyen Quoc Nghi , Hien Le Thi Dien
Published: August 2023

Objective: This research aims to demonstrate the factors influencing citizens’ participation in community-based tourism development in the Mekong Delta region (Vietnam).
 
Method: A mixed-method approach combining qualitative and quantitative research is employed to test the research hypotheses. The quantitative analysis methods utilized include the reliability test of measurement scales using Cronbach’s alpha, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and structural equation modeling (SEM).
 
Results: Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is applied, and the research results reveal that citizens’ participation in community-based tourism development is influenced by factors such as economic benefits, tourism resources, community resources, social capital, community influence, and mechanisms & policies. Among these, community resources have the strongest impact on citizens’ participation in community-based tourism development.
 
Conclusions: The research findings provide a scientific basis for suggesting policy implications to promote citizens’ engagement in community-based tourism development.
Exploring the Impact of Workload And Fatigue on Work Productivity Among Workers of the Makassar New Port Toll Access Road Project
Authors: Rahmawan Ummu Khaerat , Russeng Syamsiar S , Muis Masyitha , Djajakusli Rafael , Saleh Lalu Muhammad , Wahiduddin
Published: August 2023

Objective: Fatigue is a combination of a decline in mental and physical performance that leads to lower morale and subsequently lower productivity at work. This study attempts to ascertain the impact of workload and weariness on job productivity in Makassar New Port Toll Access Road Project construction workers.
 
Method: The research design was a cross sectional study with a sample size of 146 workers selected by accidental sampling. Chi-square test was used to examine the acquired data in univariate, bivariate, and multivariate settings utilizing path analysis.
 
Results: Then, it results showed that there is a relationship between physical workload and productivity (p=0.003), mental load affects work productivity (p=0.007), work fatigue affects work productivity (p=0.045), physical workload affects work fatigue (p=0.016), mental load on work fatigue (p=0.046). Based on the intervening test, physical workload has a direct effect on work productivity through job fatigue (p=0.003), mental load has a direct effect on work productivity through job fatigue (p=0.007) and physical workload has an indirect effect on work productivity through job fatigue (p=0.031), mental load has an indirect effect on work productivity through job fatigue (p=0.026).
 
Conclusion: Furthermore, there is a significantly impacted by workload and work exhaustion. More investigation is being done on additional variables that may impact output at work.
 
Implication of the research: This research can contribute to increasing public awareness of existing hazards that can impact health and productivity in the workplace. The results of this study can help employees and the general public by educating them about the elements that can lead to excessive workload, job burnout and reduced work productivity.
 
Originality: This journal presents a study of physical and mental workloads on productivity in toll road construction workers. considering that previous studies have mostly discussed factory workers or employees, there are very few discussions in the construction sector regarding physical and mental loads simultaneously. This study discusses the relationship between physical and mental loads on productivity either through fatigue or not. these findings explain the importance of maintaining physical and mental health for construction workers so that workers remain productive at work.
Perceptions of Human Resource Management Practices: Study of Culinary Industry of SMES in Indonesia
Authors: Halim Abdul , Wardhana Ery Tri Djatmika Rudijanto Wahju , Wardoyo Cipto , Winarno Agung
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to examine the perception of human resource management practices in Culinary industry of SMEs in Indonesia.
 
Theoretical framework: The conceptual model for this study was developed based on previous research in the field of human resource management globally. The conceptual model has four factors that affect human resource management practices in Culinary industry of SMEs in Indonesia.
 
Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative method in the form of a structured questionnaire was designed based on a review of pertinent literature. This study collected empirical data from 126 employees of culinary industry of SMEs in Balikpapan City of Indonesia. Analysis method by path analysis is using PLS-SEM to test the significance of the research model.
 
Findings: The result of research showed that that HRM practices (employee training & development, performance evaluation and compensations) are positively influence on perception of HRM practices itself, but recruitment & selection is not influence.
 
Research, Practical & Social implications: The implications drawn from this research help owners or managers of human resources in existing SMEs to focus their resources by considering Recruitment and Selection, training and development, performance evaluation, and compensations variables that can affect human resource management practices in their organizations to succeed.
 
Originality/value: This study is important for owner of SMEs because it confirms business owners' need or desire to increase human capital in order to boost SMEs performance and offer the SMEs a competitive advantage in the marketplace.
Growth, yield and quality of mid late and late varieties of sugarcane (Saccharum spp complex hybrid) as influenced by row spacing and fertility levels
Authors: SINGH RAVINDRA , MISHRA ARVIND , GODARA A S
Published: August 2023

A field experiment was conducted to assess performance of newly developed five mid late and late sugarcane cultivars, i.e. Co 0121, Co 0123, Co 0124 and Co 0241 along with CoS 767(standard) with two row spacing (75 and 90 cm) under three fertility levels, i.e. 75, 100 (N150 P21.8 K41.5) and 125% of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) with plant-ratoon system. Varieties Co 0121 and Co 0241 recorded the maximum and significantly higher cane yield (69.1 and 67.2 tonnes/ha) and commercial cane sugar (10.22 and 9.00 tonnes/ha) in plant and ratoon crop, respectively. In ratoon crop number of millable canes (NMC) and cane yield increased substantially by 10.5 and 10.3 per cent, respectively with 75 cm row spacing. Closer spacing fetched maximum net return (` 24 810 and ` 47 820) with benefit: cost ratio of 1.42 and 2.27 with plant as well as ratoon crop, respectively. Fertility level of 125% RDF, being at par with 100% RDF registered improvement in yield attributes and produced increased cane yield and CCS both from plant as well as ratoon crop over 75% RDF. Except varieties, the quality parameters did not undergo significant variation due to change in row spacing and fertility treatments. Cultivar×fertility level interactions indicated that varieties Co 0121 and Co 0241 were equally productive at normal fertility level of 100% RDF.
Rejuvenating old, senile orchards of tropical and subtropical fruits for enhanced production and improved quality: A review
Authors: KUMAR RAJESH
Published: August 2023

Fruit production addressing the challenges of nutritional and livelihood securities, needs strategic planning and proper interventions for higher productivity and improved quality. In this context harnessing full production potential of perennial fruit crops, is necessary for ensuring sustainability and competitiveness of the industry and profitability to the growers. Majority of the perennial fruit crop orchards across vast tract of the country are characterized by the prevalence of old and unproductive trees with reduced fruiting potential (30-35%). The prolonged neglect in their management practices virtually make them unproductive. Replacing the old orchards through a new plantation is a more demanding process. Rejuvenation technology encompassing reiterative pruning, top-working and canopy rebuilding for augmenting productivity could be a viable option to be exploited for restoring health and vigour of the trees to ensure profitability of the orchards. Rejuvenation techniques confers multiple benefits such as early transformation and quality production from old unproductive, senile trees by better sunlight interception, utilization and efficient use of open space and applied inputs. The productivity augmentation is found to the tune of 2 - 6 times in various fruit crops through this technology has been demonstrated successfully in the recent past. Besides reiterative pruning, cultural operations like nutrition, irrigation, intercropping, mulching and plant protection measures need to be carried out properly and carefully to help improving soil health, tree vigour and production efficiency. However, faster adoption of this technology warrants that some physiological apprehensions of the growers that the old perennial trees will die after heavy pruning and they require abnormally long time to rebuild their canopy and bear profitability need to be removed through large scale field demonstrations. The technology is economically viable and can bring noticeable change in productivity of declining old orchards. Further research on physiology of shoot growth and bearing of severly pruned trees will not only help refinement of actual pruning process but also the associated cultural practices that are essentially required to expedite the whole re-invigorating process.
Genetics of association among yield and blast resistance traits in rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: B DIVYA , S ROBIN , A BISWAS , A JOHN JOEL
Published: August 2023

Blast disease caused by the fungus Pyricularia oryzae is one of the serious threats to world's most important staple food crop, rice (Oryza sativa L.). The improvement of blast resistance is one of the priority areas in breeding. Knowledge about association of yield traits with resistance parameters should be of paramount importance prior to development of a high yielding resistant variety. The present study was designed to understand the association of different traits in the segregating generations (F3 and BC2F1) developed from a high yielding rice variety ADT 43 and a blast resistant Near Isogenic Line (NIL), viz. CT13432-3R. The associations among traits related to yield and blast resistance were investigated. The correlation and path analysis have shown that characters like lesion type, potential disease incidence, lesion number and infested leaf area has significant positive correlation and high positive direct effect with leaf blast susceptibility. Therefore it was concluded that selecting genotypes with lower lesion number, high seedling vigour and short compact panicles with less exertion are preferable to reduce leaf blast disease incidence. Single plant yield was positively correlated with plant height, number of productive tillers, panicle length and filled grains per panicle. The highest genotypic association to grain yield was contributed by number of productive tillers. Selection of genotypes for these traits will ultimately result in increased yield.
Effect of sowing time on the yield and quality parameters of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) hybrids under semiarid irrigated conditions of northern India
Authors: SHEORAN PARVENDER , SARDANA VIRENDER , CHAHAL V P , SHARMA PUSHP , SINGH SHER
Published: August 2023

To evaluate the changes in seed yield and oil quality of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in response to changing environmental conditions across different planting dates and genotypic variability, a field experiment was carried out during spring 2005-2008 at PAU, Ludhiana. Planting dates affected seed yields more than any of the other characteristics measured with significant yield reduction under delayed planting conditions. An increase in oleic with decrease in linoleic acid (r = –0.993*) was observed with each progressive delay in planting time. Change in the oleic/linoleic acid ratio under different planting dates suggests a possible role of environmental factors especially temperature on the seed development processes during reproductive phase further deciding the oil quality. Total heat units accumulated during the seed maturation period had positive correlation with oleic (r = 0.697*) and negative with linoleic correlation (r = –0.578*) acid. Further investigation is needed to get deeper insight into the effects on seed oil composition of the interaction between changes in temperature regime and/or planting time under field/controlled conditions for yield maximization and better quality sunflower oil.
Impact of adoption of improved varieties of chikpea (Cicer arietinum) on yield and income in Madhya Pradesh
Authors: RIMAL NARAYAN SHARMA , KUMAR SHIV , CHAHAL V P , SINGH VIKRAM
Published: August 2023

The adoption pattern of improved varieties of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and their impact on farm income in Madhya Pradesh with 100 chickpea growing households spread over Vindhyan, Malwa and Bhagelkhand regions for the survey period of 2012-13 provided insight into the incidence and intensity/ penetration power of varieties in seed supply chain and increase in overall chickpea production in the state. Farmers of Vindhyan and Bhagelkhand regions mostly preferred desi varieties as they adopted JG 315 followed by JG 335, Ujjan 21 and JG 11, while Dollar and KAK 2 were dominant kabuli varieties in Malwa region. In general, the average price of kabuli chickpea was 31.17% higher than desi chickpea. In case of kabuli chickpea, the net revenue from Dollar variety was about 10% more than that obtained from KAK2.The physical and financial performance of JG 315 and Ujjain 21 were also better compared to other varieties in Vindhyan and Bhagelkhand regions. As a result of adoption of improved varieties the seed replacement rate of pulses has increased from 2.15% in 2002 to 11% in 2012. The major constraints expressed by farmers in adoption of improved varieties of chickpea included: low awareness of the new varieties; lack of pest resistant varieties; non availability of seeds of improved varieties; lack of access to credit; high cost of seed; and lack of short or extra short duration varieties. The paper recommends putting in place a system for demonstrating the production potential of the new and promising chickpea varieties and providing timely information, credit, inputs and market support to accelerate the adoption and production of chickpea in the state. The results also provide deep insight to stakeholders of chickpea not only to penetrate in seed markets but also help in deciding how to design R&D program as well.
Implementación de entornos virtuales para la enseñanza aprendizaje en la Educación Superior
Authors: Martínez Rossana , Candia Gloria
Published: August 2023

En la actualidad, cada institución de Educación Superior sigue implementando aulas virtuales de acuerdo a sus posibilidades, con el propósito de dar continuidad y fortalecer el proceso formativo, haciendo uso de diversos medios tecnológicos disponibles. Esto evidencia que los entornos virtuales facilitan la innovación didáctica a través de nuevos escenarios y ambientes pedagógicos vinculados con dispositivos tecnológicos adecuados para la enseñanza-aprendizaje innovadora. Por tanto, el objetivo principal de este artículo es analizar la adopción de entornos virtuales para la enseñanza-aprendizaje posterior a la contingencia, desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Producción de la Universidad Nacional de Caaguazú (UNCA), ubicada en el quinto departamento de Paraguay. La investigación adopta un enfoque cuantitativo y tiene un alcance descriptivo. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo mediante la técnica de encuesta, utilizando un cuestionario implementado en un formulario de Google, dirigido a los estudiantes. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron que la mayoría de los estudiantes implementan el uso de entornos virtuales tanto en procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje individual como en trabajos colaborativos. Además, indican que la comunicación sincrónica es más positiva, ya que permite una interactividad simultánea entre estudiantes y profesores, lo que resulta efectivo para aclarar dudas sobre los contenidos desarrollados. Las metodologías activas más utilizadas son el aprendizaje basado en Proyectos, el aprendizaje cooperativo, la clase invertida y el aprendizaje basado en problemas, en orden de prioridad. En relación al impacto y los componentes de las aulas virtuales en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, los estudiantes han percibido su efectividad como aliadas académicas. Las utilizan para desarrollar clases que abarcan desde contenidos teóricos hasta prácticos, y como herramienta de retroalimentación. También destacan su utilidad para almacenar recursos didácticos de diversos tipos. De igual manera, consideran que las aulas virtuales son un repositorio valioso para trabajos prácticos e investigativos. Además, algunos estudiantes ven en estas plataformas un espacio idóneo para la realización de seminarios y capacitaciones, sin importar las limitaciones de espacio y distancia. En menor medida, se menciona su capacidad para facilitar la colaboración en trabajos entre miembros. En conclusión, se ha detectado que los estudiantes tienen una percepción mayoritariamente positiva sobre los beneficios de los entornos virtuales implementados en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, considerándolos excelentes en gran medida.
Strategic Orientation, Corporate Social Responsibilities and Firm Performance in Nigerian Airports
Authors: Yusuf Awwal Ibrahim , Galoji Shehu Inuwa
Published: August 2023

One of most important pillars that have major implications for an organizations structure, activities investments relations with market and performance is strategy. Adopting the best strategy out there requires organization to coordinate their approaches in establishing industry positions and or by relying on its resources, competences, and capabilities in an effort to achieve a fit with their internal and external environments and in turn achieve a sustained competitive advantage and improved business efficiency. Therefore, strategic orientation of the firm reflects its operational, marketing and entrepreneurial posture. The objectives of this study are to examine the relationship between Strategic Orientation, Corporate Social Responsibilities and Firm Performance in Nigerian Airports. Quantitative approach was used through the use of survey questionnaire. The population for this study is the staff working at both listed airport in the northern Nigeria. The respondents were the airport managers, staff, passengers, head of parastatals and community members. The result of the study found that there is no effect of Philanthropic responsibility, Legal responsibilities, Ethical responsibilities and Economic responsibilities on the Strategic Orientation of listed state airport in northern Nigeria.
Influence of Firm size on Audit Quality and Earnings Management Relationship: Evidence from Listed Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria
Authors: OKEREKE Livinus C. , ANYANWU Hyginus C. , NWAIGBURU Kingsley O.
Published: August 2023

The study investigated the influence of Firm size on the relationship between Audit quality and Earnings Management of listed Consumer Goods Manufacturing firms in Nigeria. This study tested a number of audit quality indicators (auditor’s tenure, Audit firm size and joint audit) and earnings management proxies that is (earnings restatement and discretionary accruals), using 26 listed consumer-goods manufacturing firms as the study population. Secondary data were extracted from the annual report of 13 listed consumer-goods manufacturing firms while judgmental sample from the population, covering the study period from 2012 to 2018 using historical data were adopted. The data were tested through the use of Univariate, Bivariate and Multivariate analysis. Univariate/descriptive, Bivariate, Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) techniques by use of E-view 10 Econometric software and Multivariate – regression model. The findings of the study showed that firm size variability does not influence every aspect of the Firm's attributes. Some aspects of Firms' characteristics are influenced by the size of the Firm whereas some other aspects do not respond to size variability. As was indicated by the Firm size analyses, earnings restatement of consumer-goods manufacturing firms does not respond to Firm size attribute while their discretionary accrual practices significantly depend on their size attributes. The study concludes that firm size is a significant moderator between the use of audit quality and earnings management, however it depends of the variable of earnings management used. In the light of these, it is the recommendation of this study that to ensure positive significant relationship with earnings management, the firms should voluntary engage two audit firms in all to other to allow for effective comparison, so that hidden information in financial statement could be dictated or revealed; the total assets as a dimension of firm size should be r
Creative Accounting Practices and Shareholders Wealth: Evidence from Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Authors: Isoso Monday Chukwugeku , Okee Chiemam Faith
Published: August 2023

The study investigated the relationship between creative accounting practices and shareholder’s wealth of deposit money banks (DMBs) in Nigeria within the period of 2008-2020. Its specific objectives were to investigate the relationship between the Income smoothing and return on equity, and Inventory manipulation and return on equity of DMBs in Nigeria. The cross- sectional survey research design was adopted for the study; the population of the study was all the 14 DMBs listed in Nigerian Exchange as at December 2021. Using purposive sampling technique, 5 deposit money banks were sampled and 74 respondents comprising accountants, auditors and compliance officers across the selected DMBs were used. 64 adequately completed and returned copies of questionnaire was used for the study analysis. Copies of questionnaire was used for data gathering. Univariate and Bivariate analysis was done. Regression analysis and model Statistics was used for data analysis and testing of hypothesis with the aid of SPSS. The result of the study shows that creative accounting dimensions of income smoothing and inventory manipulation have strong, positive and significant relationship with shareholder’s wealth measured in terms of return on equity (ROE). The study concluded that creative accounting affects shareholder’s wealth thus the need to checkmate the practice so that shareholders would actually know the true worth of their investment, not that which is coated that ends up giving them false hope in the long run. The study recommended that: Bank regulators should evaluate the adequacy of policies around inventory and assets valuation and at the same time, financial analysts and shareholders should note the application and consistency of accounting policies on inventory and assets. This way where inventory records have been manipulated can be discovered. There should be a review of the ownership structure of banks. There should be more dispersed ownership to include
Glycemic response of coconut sugar, sucrose and brown sugar in healthy subjects
Authors: Sawitzki Franciellen , Silva Marcelo Augusto Mendes da
Published: August 2023

Diabetes mellitus is a disorder in which blood sugar (glucose) levels are abnormally high because the body does not produce enough insulin to meet its needs. The world population with Diabetes mellitus is estimated to be about 387 million and may reach 471 million in 2035. Diabetes is, therefore, considered to be the most common endocrine disease. There is significant evidence supporting the idea of interventions to improve diabetes outcomes, one of them is glycemic control in the basic nutrition. Coconut sugar (Cocos nuciferas. L.), has been marketed with the promise of having a low glycemic index and recommended for diabetic patients. This research's objective was to compare the glycemic response of 30 healthy volunteers in 4-hour fasting after the intake of coconut sugar, sucrose and brown sugar, ranging in age from 19 to 50 years, being 73% female and 27% male, who were randomly divided into three distinct groups with the intake of 50g of the respective sugars. Capillary blood glucose was measured in times: 0; 15; 30; 45 and 60 minutes. The data was evaluated using the analysis of variance, and the Scott-Knott test was chosen to verify the differences in results. We conclude that the three kinds of sugars presented statistically the same behaviors (p <0.05) regarding the increase of glycemia in times 15, 30 and 60 minutes in relation to time zero, there was a significant difference (p <0.05) in the time of 45 minutes, where a longer time for the coconut sugar decrease occurred. However, it is concluded that coconut sugar behaves similarly to the other sugars, and should be re-evaluated as a product that has a low glycemic index.
Automatic PV Array Reconfiguration under Partial Shading Conditions
Authors: Ikram Siddiq Abdulrahman , Fadhel Hussein , Omar Anwar Mosa
Published: August 2023

Photovoltaic (PV) arrays have been recognized as one of the main clean renewable sources of electrical energy. In practice, PV arrays are subject to unavoidable non-uniform partial shading (PS) due to clouds, buildings, dust, etc. PS causes the hot spot problem, mismatch losses, and output power degradation. A widely used approach to mitigate the effect of PS is dynamic reconfiguration, where, the interconnection of PV panels is modified according to the shading condition to achieve maximum output. Dynamic reconfiguration techniques use sensors, a programmable controller, and a switch matrix for optimal operation. However, they have drawbacks such as system complexity and scalability issues. For instance, reducing the number of switches limits the flexibility of the reconfiguration algorithm. In this paper, an automatic dynamic reconfiguration scheme is proposed in which PV panel irradiation activity controls the interconnection of switches, without the need for a programmable controller. A modular building block is proposed from which easily scalable PV arrays can be constructed in a hierarchical manner. Experimental and analytic results have verified the effectiveness of the proposed reconfiguration scheme.
Aheat transfer and fluid flow characteristics in a TBHE based on constructal design : An overview
Authors: H. Ahmed Ahmed , H. Zaidan Maki , S.M. Al-Jethelah Manar
Published: August 2023

With the beginning of the industrial revolution in the eighteenth century, ICE, refrigeration equipment and power stations developed. All of the above devices use TBHE. The important thing is the recent increase in energy demand, which led researchers to find optimal solutions to save the largest amount of energy. The objective of this review can be summarized in the research published in the field of TBHE of all kinds. In order to improve the performance of the TBHE, two basic conditions must be met, the first is to increase the CHTC, and the second is to reduce the PD across the HE. In order to reach this goal, many influential variables must be studied, including pipe diameters and shapes, vertical and horizontal distances, fins shape, and installation method. In addition to the arrangement of the tubes through the TBHE. It was in the form of IL or staggered, the type of flow that was stratified or turbulent. The most important variables affecting on the performance of HEs can be summarized in general. The shape of the pipes had a greater urgency in the process, as the flat pipes had better performance than the circular TBHE. Both the PD and the CHTC are a function of the Reynolds number, as both increase with the increase in the Reynolds number. Therefore, studies in this field must be intensified to obtain the optimal design TBHE, taking into account all the above variables.
Design and Implementation of multi-level inverter for PV system with various DC Sources
Authors: Juma'a Hameed , Atyia Thamir
Published: August 2023

Multilevel inverters (MLI) are now favored over conventional transformers due to higher output voltage levels and lower harmonic distortions. In this study, a 45-level and 39-level inverter with lower power switchgear number was constructed. The 16-switch single-phase MLI inverter is generated, simulated, and used realistically. The simulation system uses a control method called sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM). The output voltage from the simulation includes total harmonic distortion (THD). THD values  of 45 and 39 level output voltage simulation are 2.59% and 2.98% respectively. The system has been designed and tested practically without load? The THD value was 2.69% for 45-level and 3.13% for 39-level. These results demonstrate that the proposed MLI circuit and SPWM controller were successful in achieving the necessary voltage level and THD decreased when level increased.
Training projects, Virtual Education and Pandemic by COVID-19: from opportunity analysis to strategic decision making
Authors: Meneses Martínez Sonia , Tobón Tobón Sergio , Gonzales-Sánchez Aracelli del Carmen , López-Quesada Gabriela , Romero-Carazas Rafael
Published: August 2023

During the Covid-19 pandemic, higher education went from face-to-face to virtual for more than two years in Mexico. During this time, various strategies and approaches were tested, but the progress regarding the level of implementation in the training projects is unknown. That is why the purpose of this study was to determine the level of application of training projects in virtual education. The qualitative approach of documentary review was used as a methodology, observing 25 didactic plans, corresponding to the same number of university teachers. A socioformative analytical rubric was used, which allowed determining the level of performance, achievements and areas of opportunity. In this regard, it was found that the level of progress, in general, was between low and medium for the various indicators. The elements with the best advances in project work were: the identification of the curricular elements, the organization of activities in sequence and the formative evaluation, without reaching high levels. The worst addressed aspects, on the other hand, were: the organization of the students, the approach to a problem of the context and the resources. In future research, it is suggested to increase the sample and carry out extensive quantitative analyses.
BERZIARAH BERSAMA MARIA: SUMUR KITIRAN MAS, PAKEM
Authors: Dwiatmaja Alb Irawan
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengangkat suatu tempat ziarah yang lahir dari kerinduan, dinamika internal batin, dan peziarahan iman umat yang hidup dari kekayaan kultur simboliknya, yakni Sumur Kitiran Mas, Pakem. Penelitian ini memaparkan proses inkulturatif kelahiran Sumur Kitiran Mas dalam konteks umat lokal. Penjelasan juga diberikan terkait dengan upaya umat Pakem dan luar Pakem dalam melestarikan kenangan akan identitas sebagai peziarah melalui inkulturasi. Penelitian ini ingin menjelaskan pengaruh Sumur Kitiran Mas dalam membantu para pendoa di sana untuk mengalami peziarahan bersama Maria dalam hidup sehari-hari menuju pada Yesus Kristus. Setelah mengadakan penelitian dan dengan pemaknaan teologis, penulis merefleksikan bahwa dengan menimba air kehidupan di tepi Sumur Kitiran Mas dan memaknai simbol di dalamnya, seseorang berziarah dalam hidup sehari-hari bersama Maria untuk mencari dan menemukan kehendak Allah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dalam perspektif ilmu sosial. Masalah sosial tidak pernah lepas dari kehidupan manusia. Masalah sosial yang terjadi akan menjadi bermanfaat bila direfleksikan dalam terang Injil berdasarkan dari peristiwa Yesus. Untuk menganalisa situasi sosial, penulis menggunakan lingkaran pastoral. Lingkaran tersebut menunjukkan hubungan yang erat antara empat perantara pengalaman yang dimulai dari pemetaan masalah, analisis sosial, refleksi teologis dan terakhir perencanaan sosial.
PENGARUH RELIGIUSITAS DAN KEMAJUAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI TERHADAP PENANGKALAN RADIKALISME DI PERGURUAN TINGGI BERBASIS AGAMA DI KOTA KUPANG
Authors: Adi Saingo Yakobus , Imanuel Nani Victor
Published: August 2023

Pengaruh Religiusitas dan Kemajuan Teknologi Informasi terhadap Penangkalan Radikalisme di Perguruan Tinggi Berbasis Agama di Kota Kupang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat Religiusitas terhadap Penangkalan Radikalisme, pengaruh Kemajuan Teknologi Informasi terhadap Penangkalan Radikalisme, dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Religiusitas dan Kemajuan Teknologi Informasi secara simultan terhadap Penangkalan Radikalisme di Perguruan Tinggi berbasis agama di Kota Kupang. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode kuantitatif. Tempat penelitian di Universitas Kristen Artha Wacana Kupang, Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira Kupang, dan Universitas Muhammadiyah Kupang. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 175 responden.Teknik pengumpulan data mengunakan angket. Sedangkan, teknik analisa datanya adalah analisis deskriptif, analisis regresi linear sederhana, dan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: Ada pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara Tingkat Religiusitas mahasiswa terhadap penangkalan Radikalisme di Perguruan Tinggi Berbasis Agama di Kota Kupang dengan pengaruh sebesar 17,7%; ada pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara perkembangan Teknologi Informasi terhadap penangkalan Radikalisme di Perguruan Tinggi Berbasis Agama di Kota Kupang dengan pengaruh sebesar 6,6%; ada pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan secara simultan antara tingkat Religiusitas mahasiswa dan Kemajuan Teknologi Informasi terhadap penangkalan Radikalisme di Perguruan Tinggi Berbasis Agama di Kota Kupang, dengan pengaruh sebesar 19,6%.
FORRAJE VERDE HIDROPÓNICO COMO ALTERNATIVA FORRAJERA EN LA ALIMENTACIÓN ANIMAL
Authors: Cisneros-Saguilán Pedro , Cruz-Bautista Patricia , Hernández-Hernández Manuel
Published: August 2023

Background. Animal feeding and nutrition constitute the main limitation in livestock farming in arid and semi-arid zones, because it depends to a large extent on imported concentrated feed. Hydroponic green fodder (FVH) represents an efficient and economical alternative to obtain food with high nutritional value for domestic animals. However, little has been used due to ignorance of the method to produce it and its benefits. Objective. To analyze the scientific information available on the agronomic, productive and nutritional attributes of HGF, and its potential as a forage resource in animal feed. Methodology. A bibliographic review was carried out based in the following databases: Scopus, NCBI, Springer, Science direct, Google Scholar, Redalyc, ResearchGate and other digital repositories, using keywords in Spanish and English, such as hydroponic green fodder, hydroponic technology, hydroponic food and alternative fodder. Results. The HGF production cycle is basically carried out in six stages: i) seed selection, ii) seed washing and disinfection, iii) seed hydration, iv) sowing and germination, v) growth, and vi) harvest. Biomass production increases progressively in relation to a higher seed sowing density. The optimum harvest period for forage is from 12 to 14 days after sowing. However, the volume and yield of production must be assessed in terms of the nutritional quality of harvested fodder. In prolonged harvest periods, the crude protein content increases, while the dry matter content decreases. In cattle and goats, partial diet supplementation with HGF improves milk production and composition, as well as the weight gain rate and feed ratio, due to increased feed intake and nutrients digestibility. In monogastrics, the total replacement of conventional feed with HGF affects feed intake and growth rate. Implications. More research is required to determine the adequate portion of HGF in the supplementation of animal diets, without affecting their productive performance, especially in the case of monogastrics. Conclusion. The HGF technology represents a viable and economical alternative to counteract the scarcity of fresh and nutritious food, especially in dry seasons of arid and semi-arid areas; as well as in urban or suburban areas where there is limited land area for conventional fodder production.
ENSAMBLE ARBÓREO ASOCIADO A UN SISTEMA AGROFORESTAL DE Coffea arabica L. EN SILTEPEC, CHIAPAS, MÉXICO
Authors: Barrios Calderón Romeo De Jesús , Gordillo Díaz Eduardo Antonio , Morales Pablo Marroquín , Santos Alfredo Isaac Brindis
Published: August 2023

Background: The production of Coffea arabica L. in most of the world is carried out under agroforestry systems, whose associated tree assembly provides microclimatic conditions and other benefits such as product diversification, biodiversity conservation, carbon sequestration, increased soil fertility, and pest and disease control. Objective: to characterize the tree component and its classification by use and value in a shade-grown coffee agroforestry system in Siltepec, Chiapas. Methodology: Five clusters were established, each with three randomly distributed sampling units, with a total of 15 sampling units with an area of 400 m2. An inventory of the trees was carried out, classifying the associated species. Structural parameters (height, normal diameter, densities, basal area) and importance value index were estimated. Results: 30 tree species representing 19 botanical families were found; the Fabaceae Inga flexuosa, Inga laurina, Inga paterno, Dyphisa americana were the most important. The height of the tree component reached 27 m, with a more significant number of trees for class 2 at 7 m (1743 ind. ha-1 [78.73%]). The diameter class from 2.5 to 10 cm (532 trees) had the highest number of individuals. The average density corresponds to 1155 ind. ha-1, Inga flexuosa (chalum) the tree species with the most significant presence (510 ind. ha-1) with an importance value of 60.13%. The basal area obtained corresponds to 119.5 m2 ha-1, Inga laurina (caspirol) has the most significant spatial distribution (54.02 m2 ha-1). Implications: The study allows dimensioning of the importance of tree associations that occur within an agroforestry system of Coffea arabica L. in soh a way that those parameters and the composition of species can be determinants of the productive capacity of each plot. The study considers the benefits of the tree component in coffee production and contributing goods and services that give greater sustainability to the agroecosystem. Conclusions: There was a high tree density, with the Fabaceae family and particularly the Inga genus being the most important in the studied area, which allows excellent benefits such as the contribution of Nitrogen, nutrient recycling, soil fertility and decreased erosion in the coffee plantations
A BRIEF UPDATE ON SHEEP PRODUCTION IN MEXICO: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Vargas-Bello-Perez Einar , López Díaz Carlos Antonio , Ruiz-Romero Rocío Angélica , Chay-Canul Alfonso Juventino , Lee-Rangel Héctor A. , Gonzalez-Ronquillo Manuel , Ghavipanje Navid , Tajonar Karen
Published: August 2023

Background: Looking towards 2050, substantial increases in agricultural productivity are needed to meet the projected demands of the growing world population. Inevitably, profound changes will occur in the sheep production systems and Latin-American countries such as Mexico will need to adapt to these changes. Objective: To provide a brief update on sheep production in Mexico and discuss the current challenges and prospects. Main findings: The development of the Mexican sheep sector is relatively slow since it is affected by complex factors including social, political, and economic changes that impact sheep production, and consumption of sheep products, as well as the diverse type of production systems throughout the country. Extensive production systems in Mexico are associated with limitations but have the potential for improvement in areas such as nutrition management, breeding programs, and response to consumer perception trends. In this regard, integrated efforts should be made to enhance sheep productivity in Mexico. Implications: The analysis was limited only to scientific contributions explored. An analysis that considered other sources of information could have strengthened this analytical exercise. Conclusion: The sheep industry in this country will concurrently face with two challenges related to increasing production efficiency: a) sheep production aimed to keep sustainability and animal welfare, and b) production of by-products, considering product quality, differentiation, value added, and marketing. Lastly, Mexican sheep production will require to consider the animal, social, and farming systems that together promote sustainable production. 