bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Folk Songs of Montenegro – from the First Field Recordings of Miodrag A. Vasiljević to Published Collections
Authors:   Faculty of Music in Belgrade, DROBNI IVANA , MILETIĆ ALEKSANDRA ,   Faculty of Music in Belgrade
Published: May 2024

The goal of this work is to introduce the general public to the enthusiasm, dedication and engagement of Miodrag A. Vasiljević (1903-1963), Serbia’s most renowned ethnomusicologist and music pedagogue, to melographical work. His melographic journey through the lands of Montenegro has been reconstructed from, among relevant sources, documents from the Miodrag A. Vasiljević Archive. A survey of the numerous collections of recorded folk songs has led to an in-depth look at the ethnomusicological collection Folk Songs of Montenegro in the Published Melographic Records of Miodrag A. Vasiljević, published by the Montenegro Academy of Science and Art and the Montenegro Music Centre in 2019. Vasiljević had, through melographic records, notes on folk singers, and studies, worked creatively by offering not only a written record, but also active communication across a great distance, thanks to the layered nature and levels of meaning in his approach to ethnomusicological material. His familiarisation with the formula of folk songs and with the creative functioning of folk singers is transmitted through written material and studies, and he searched for and found ways to rework a layered musical whole and operationalise it for a practical music-pedagogical application. The work also contains a look at this intriguing link between ethnomusicology and pedagogy which, through the creative work of one man, blazed a trail for both sciences in Serbia. At the same time, this connection is what makes Vasiljević unique as an ethnomusicologist and a music pedagogue, and that dialectic makes his legacy priceless. Keywords: Folk Song, Montenegro, M.A. Vasiljević, Ethnomusicology, Music Pedagogy.
EFEITOS DELETÉRIOS E RESPOSTAS SOCIAIS À PRÁTICA DE OBSOLESCÊNCIA PROGRAMADA
Authors: Martarello Rafael de Almeida
Published: May 2024

This paper aims to critically portray the implications of the practice of planned obsolescence. This phenomenon, which has been the main driver of consumption in the current market dynamics, brings with it a set of intrinsic negative effects that reach dimensions of environmental and economic nature, affecting even social organization and public health. In response to this scenario of evident social harm, some social experiences of resistance to this practice have emerged, along with attempts to find better forms of production.
LEVANTAMENTO DE PUBLICAÇÕES CIENTÍFICAS SOBRE A GESTÃO AMBIENTAL NA SUINOCULTURA, ATRAVÉS DO USO DE BIODIGESTOR
Authors: Gerona Letícia Natânia
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to identify publications on environmental management in pig farming through the use of biogas digesters, as found in the literature and referenced and adopted as practices. The research can be classified as exploratory, as it seeks to learn more about the proposed topic. It is considered descriptive regarding the nature of the objective, with a qualitative approach. The data collection procedures involved a systematic review. The analyzed studies indicate that the implementation of biogas digesters for treating pig waste can improve the quality and productivity of breeding properties, contributing to solving problems mainly related to environmental issues and sustainability. Additionally, it encourages the retention of workers in rural areas through sustainable production. As future work, it is recommended to conduct studies seeking low-cost alternatives for implementing biogas digesters on small producer properties, utilizing biogas and biofertilizer to make production more feasible and sustainable without harming the environment.
Medical and Societal Implications of Tattoos: From Ancient Traditions to Modern Risks and Removal Challenges
Authors: Kerna Nicholas A. , Carsrud N.D. Victor , Azi Cornelius I. , Jeremiah Shoyoye Muyiwa , Anderson II Joseph , Ngwu Dabeluchi C. , Holets Hilary M. , Flores John V. , Kevin D. Pruitt , Alozie Ugochukwu G. , Opara Uchechi S. , Akuma Ogochukwu Mirian
Published: May 2024

Tattoos, an ancient form of body art with roots dating back 5000 years, have evolved from cultural markers to mainstream symbols of self-expression. While historically significant figures like Amunet and Captain James Cook contributed to tattoo lore, modern celebrities like David Beckham and Kat Von D have propelled tattoos into popular culture. However, alongside their rise in popularity, tattoos also bring health risks.  Research indicates that up to 67% of individuals with tattoos experience complications, with infections, allergic reactions, and scarring being common concerns. Moreover, tattoos can exacerbate existing medical conditions, particularly in individuals with diabetes, heart conditions, or immunosuppressive disorders. Individuals who are pregnant or breastfeeding face additional risks due to physiological changes affecting wound healing and immune response.  The chemical composition of tattoo ink, especially in complex styles like tridimensional matryoshka tattoos, poses further health concerns, including heavy metal toxicity and infection risks.  Adequate safety measures, including choosing reputable artists, proper aftercare, and thorough pre-tattoo screening, can mitigate these risks. Prompt medical intervention is crucial in severe complications, emphasizing the importance of awareness and precaution in tattooing.  Additionally, tattoo removal methods come with their own set of risks and considerations, with laser therapy being the primary choice but not assuring complete removal.
Electric Traction System Technology as a Solution to African Transportation Industries
Authors: Sabo Aliyu , Dahiru Dauda , Aliyu Auwal , Rwang Alexander Gyang , Nicholas Daniel Jatau , Agada Adache Clement , Asuquo Nsikak Etim , Babagana Gutti Fatti
Published: May 2024

The electric traction system in the case of Africa is highly advantageous in terms of transportation. The electric traction system is designed to provide a DC output source from an AC source of 33kV/230V for suitable mobility of tract devices without minimum frequency change. In this work, electric traction system analysis was obtained using mathematical models and simulation of tracts system components using MATLAB. Due to the application of FACTs devices, a 12-pulse thyristor rectifier is used for rectification. The system components are an energy source, harmonic filter, step-down transformer, rectifier substation, and DC load. The maximum current of total harmonic distortion obtained is certified with the IEEE standard 5% total harmonic distortion. the output voltage is purely stable, and the power factor quality is improved.
Calculating the proportion of coastline-to-border for US states
Authors: Heiss Andrew
Published: May 2024

A few days ago, my wife, a bunch of my kids, and I were huddled around a big wall map of the United States, joking about the relative unimportance of Rhode Island, the smallest state in the US. It’s one of the states I never ever think about: …and it’s just so  small  . Amid the joking, my wife came to Rhode Island’s defense by declaring that even though it’s so small, it has one of the highest proportions of coastline to land borders.
EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) in water transport
Authors: Ketin Sonja , Arsić Miloš , Bjelica-Vlajić Iris , Jevtić Sanja
Published: May 2024

The paper provides an understanding of the EU ETS, revealing its cap-and trade system and the intricacies of emissions permits. It represents significant differences between the existing EU MRV regime and the upcoming EU ETS requirements. It shows the phased implementation, the expansion of the scope to include emissions of methane (CH4) and nitrogen oxide (N2O), and obligations for different types of vessels. It analyzes the consequences of non-compliance and penalties associated with not submitting allowances. Additionally, it discusses how shipping companies can effectively prepare for the EU ETS. From interpreting data and choosing the right fuel to implementing effective GHG plans, this paper provides actionable insights to ensure compliance while maximizing operational efficiency. The paper is tailored to seafarers, maritime professionals, ship managers and ship owners looking for a practical insight into the EU ETS. This paper will make it easier for you to manage the upcoming regulatory changes.
The state and spatial aspects of the development of Polog region in Macedonia
Authors: Stojanoska Marija , Atanasova Vaska
Published: May 2024

Spatial planning is a multidisciplinary activity that ensures the planning regulation of the spatial aspects of development. There are different types of regions, so they are divided into meta, macro, meso and micro regions according to their size. Eight planning regions have been adopted in Macedonia, among which is the Polog planning region, which consists of the following nine municipalities, i.e. zones: Tetovo, Gostivar, Mavrovo and Rostuse, Zelino, Tearce, Bogovinje, Vrapcishte, Jegunovce and Brvenica. The region is located in the northwestern part of the country and is bordered by the southwestern region and the Skopje region. In this paper, the instruments for tourism planning, cultural and national wealth, development of entrepreneurship, trade and investments, environmental protection and climate change, as well as the problems and shortcomings for the development of the Polog region from several aspects will be reviewed.
Analysis of the basic groups of the market organization model of public city passenger transportation systems
Authors: Arsić Miloš , Ketin Sonja
Published: May 2024

Depending on the importance of JGPP in the transport system of the city and region, as well as the economic potential of local, regional and state institutions responsible for monitoring the work and supporting the performance of public transport activities, the models of organizing and managing the market of the JGPP system vary. In general, there is no formula for the optimal model of connection of local companies for the performance of JGPP activities, in the field of organization, management, current business and development, in the technical-technological and economic-financial sense. Although the organizational forms (models) of the JGPP system differ from country to country, they also have several common characteristics. Those common characteristics are based on the coordination of transport services in urban and suburban areas, competition between carriers, physical, tariff, management, control and information integration of the system, secure sources of funding for their current business as well as secure sources of funding for the development of the JGPP function. The paper will define basic concepts, that is, groups of JGPP system market organization models.
The attitude of stakeholders towards projects in the area of using renewable energy sources in smaller communities
Authors: Dragović Njegoš
Published: May 2024

Small local communities have certain resources that they must strategically manage, especially in unpredictable energy changes at the global level. Natural resources are limited, and they can have the greatest value if they are used in a sustainable way, so that the environment, human health and available resources are used in the state and local environment. This paper presents the empirical results of research conducted in Serbia, especially in the municipalities of Bujanovac, Vranje and Medveđa. Most of the respondents who answered have the Internet and use a computer or a mobile phone, and the expectation is that they would replace the heating elements with some of the renewable energy sources. The respondents expressed their views that for the transition from fossil fuels to Renewable Energy Sources (RES), the help of the state or the EU is necessary, so that the participation of citizens would be more acceptable.
Recent Case Law on the Application of the Profit Split Method
Authors: Guzenko N.
Published: May 2024

Is it possible for MNEs to achieve tax certainty when using the profit split method? Recent case law demonstrates a growing controversy surrounding the profit split method application, with tax authorities becoming more proficient at challenging its use.
The Impact of Covid-19 on The Skills Matrix in the Hospitality Industry: A Study of Selected Lodges and Hotels in Lusaka District
Authors: Daka Nalukui , Kachamba Norman
Published: May 2024

This study explores the profound impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the skills matrix within the hospitality industry in Lusaka, Zambia. Through a mixed-methods approach involving 49 establishments, the research highlights significant job losses and skills mismatches resulting from the pandemic. It also examines the adaptive strategies employed by the industry to mitigate these effects. The findings advocate for the implementation of continuous skills development programs and strategic workforce planning to enhance industry resilience and sustainability. Recommendations are made for the development of crisis management plans that incorporate skills development, aimed at better preparing the industry for future global crises.
Evaluación formativa: más allá de la simple calificación
Authors: Palomino Gutiérrez Gualberto
Published: May 2024

La manera de entender la evaluación ha evolucionado significativamente. Desde una forma instrumentalista, cuyo objetivo era medir el nivel de conocimiento adquirido por el estudiante y expresada en una calificación que permitía determinar el nivel de aprendizaje; de acuerdo a las teorías pedagógicas contemporáneas, se entiende por evaluación a un proceso permanente de regulación del aprendizaje y la enseñanza con el objetivo de la mejora sistemática del aprendizaje. La evaluación, entendida desde el enfoque formativo, debe promover una visión holística del aprendizaje y generar condiciones para el desarrollo de competencias que le permitan afrontar exitosamente los problemas de su entorno y no solo meras calificaciones que obstruyen el aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Por ello el objetivo de este artículo es realizar una revisión descriptiva de la literatura sobre los fundamentos de la evaluación formativa y demostrar que evaluar es mucho más que medir el aprendizaje del estudiante a través de una cuantificación numérica o su equivalencia literal.
ԱՊՕՐԻՆԻ ԾԱԳՈՒՄ ՈՒՆԵՑՈՂ ԳՈՒՅՔԻ ԲՌՆԱԳԱՆՁՄԱՆ ՀԱՅՑ ՀԱՐՈՒՑԵԼՈՒ ՀԻՄՔԵՐԻ ՈՒՍՈՒՄՆԱՍԻՐՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ՀԱՇՏՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՀԱՄԱՁԱՅՆՈՒԹՅԱՄԲ ԱՎԱՐՏԵԼԸ
Authors: KHACHATRYAN MERI
Published: May 2024

The procedure for the confiscation of property of illegal origin is a civil procedure designed to confiscate property acquired through criminal activity. It encompasses not only the confiscation of property through a court decision but also allows for the voluntary transfer of illegally obtained property to the state through a settlement agreement. This article explores the requirements and criteria for settlement offers, presented by the authorized body. It highlights the unique characteristics that differentiate settlement agreements from agreements reached in other legal proceedings, considering the nature of the legal relationship and the state’s interest. The article emphasizes the importance of guaranteeing the rights of individuals involved in the proceedings in the context of submitting an agreement offer by the authorized body. It references the order of the General Prosecutor of RA that establishes the procedure for concluding a settlement agreement and defines the scope of issues to be addressed within this framework. The author suggests regulating a special procedure for court approval of prejudicial settlement agreements through the RA Civil Procedure Code. Additionally, the proposal includes introducing the possibility of partially concluding the investigative phase by reaching a settlement agreement. These suggestions aim to facilitate the amicable completion of the investigation phase and enhance the effectiveness of court proceedings related to the confiscation of property of illegal origin.
Purchase Intent and Intended Use of the glo Heated Tobacco Product
Authors: Curtin Geoffrey M. , Gerlach Karen K. , Pillitteri Janine L. , Battista Deena R. , Chae Robyn , Polster Michael
Published: May 2024

Objectives: This study assessed current cigarette smokers' interest in using the gloTM heated tobacco product (HTP), whether those interested are likely to quit or greatly reduce their cigarette consumption, and whether never tobacco users are interested in the glo
HTP. Methods: An online survey was conducted among a national sample of adult cigarette smokers and never tobacco users to assess intent to purchase and appeal of the glo HTP and intended use behaviors among current smokers interested in using the product. Results: Substantial
proportions of cigarette smokers indicate they are likely to use the glo HTP, with little use indicated among never tobacco users. For current smokers who intend to continue to use the glo HTP, nearly 90% intend to either quit or reduce their cigarette smoking. Regression analyses suggest
that purchase intent and appeal for the glo HTP are unlikely to be higher for those under the legal age to purchase tobacco products than for young adults (ages 21-30). Conclusions: Large proportions of current cigarette smokers intend to use the glo HTP to either quit or reduce their
cigarette smoking, and small proportions of never tobacco users express interest in the glo HTP.
Peran Teman Sebaya Dalam Pembelajaran Yang Aktif Dan Kolaboratif Pada Pembelajaran Di Kelas V Sdn Banjar Agung 4
Authors: Ati Rohmawati
Published: May 2024

Kegiatan pembelajaran di kelas bukan saja memberikan ilmu kepada peserta didik, seharusnya kebutuhan untuk menunjang pembelajaran bisa dipenuhi denangan baik, pelibatan peserta didik dikelas bisa menjadikan hubungan yang positif, bukan dengan mendikte peserta didik untuk bisa mengerti semua pelajaran. Peserta didik juga harus mempunyai ruang gerak untuk saling berkolaborasi bersama dengan peserta didik lainnya. Pembelajaran yang aktif semestinya bisa dirancangan dengan megetahui kebutuhan dan karakteristik peserta didiknya. Peran teman sebaya dalam pembelajaran juga diperlukan, dengan adanya kepedulian dari teman sebaya menjadikan proses pembelajaran menjadi bermakna, fokus dari penelitian ini adalah peran teman sebaya dalam  pembelajaran yang aktif dan kolaboratif pada pembelajaran di kelas V SDN Banajar Agung 4, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekan kualitatif, dengan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dimana peneliti akan menyampaikan data sesuai dengan kejadian yang telah dialamai dengan bentuk penyajian secara deskripsi, teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, subjek dari penelitian ini yaitu peserta didik kelas V SDN Banjar Agung 4. Hasil dari penitian ini peserta didik sangat terbantu dengan adanya teman sebaya, dengan adanya teman sebaya peserta didik bisa belajar bersama sehingga peserta didik tidak merasa dikucilkan dalam pembelajaran. Kegiatan pembelajaran dengan teman sebaya menjadikan proses pembelajaran di kelas menjadi sangat aktif terlebih jika adanya proyek kelas yang mengharuskan peserta didik untuk saling berkolaborasi bersama. Peserta didik merasa diterima dalam setiap pembelajaran dan mendapatkan motivasi untuk terus belajar sepanjang hayat, dan pembeajaran di kelas menjadi aman dan nyaman.
Integration of Information Technology in Higher Vocational Economic and Trade Disciplines: Inputs for a Development Plan
Authors: Liang Yongyu , Aquino Jet
Published: May 2024

This study was carried out for the integration of information technology and economics and trade disciplines. It analysed the integration of information technology and vocational economics and trade disciplines, the effectiveness of information technology integration, administrative support for the integration of information technology and vocational economics and trade disciplines, the advantages and disadvantages of information technology and other aspects.It was found through the study that integration of information technology with vocational economics and trade subjects is conducive to innovative teaching methods, providing more opportunities for communication between students and teachers, and obtaining teaching evaluations. By providing administrative support for the integration of information technology and vocational economics and trade disciplines, building digital training rooms, and purchasing information technology systems, the integration of information technology and the curriculum will be more effective, and the information technology literacy of teachers and students will be significantly improved. Strengthening the integration of information technology and economic and trade disciplines, teaching content is livelier and more interesting, students are more active in learning, and teaching feedback is timelier. For this reason, this study gave a theoretical explanation from the process of integration of information technology and economics and trade subjects. It is made clear that carrying out the teaching of integrated marketing practice system can only form a new educational impact and play a new educational role if it is accepted by both teachers and students.
Nexus between Impact Investing and Green Finance in Driving Sustainable Development
Authors: Jaya Oki Setiawan
Published: May 2024

Purpose: This study explores the intersection of impact investing and green finance, focusing on their contributions to sustainable development and how they reshape financial markets.
Research Design and Methodology: Using a qualitative approach, a systematic literature review is conducted to analyze how institutional investors incorporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors into their strategies.
Findings and Discussion: The research highlights a shift towards sustainability among institutional investors, moving beyond traditional financial-only returns. Key regulations like the EU’s SFDR and the TCFD recommendations support transparency, driving the adoption of sustainable practices. A positive link between robust ESG performance and financial returns illustrates the compatibility of environmental responsibility with profit objectives.
Implications: The findings emphasize the necessity of integrating sustainability into investment decisions to foster a resilient and equitable economic future. It suggests that continued policy support is essential to encourage private investment in sustainable projects, advocating for systemic changes across financial markets to embrace sustainable and inclusive growth.
Actual Method of determining Time Traveling in Past and Simulation
Authors: Patel Gaurangkumar Girishbhai
Published: May 2024

People and Scientists spend decades checking Time travelling is possible or not. Yes, travelling in future is possible and proved many ways but when it comes to traveling in Past people start discussing Quantum level, or in simulation and try to prove with formulas. Moreover, it's the same whether we are in simulation or not. However, I am going to tell the actual method to check if it's possible or not. I am using radioactive atom or the Muon to check instead of Theory or Formula. It will open gates for actual practical approach to check that we are in simulation or time traveling possible in the past.
Interdisciplinary Perspectives: Fusing Artificial Intelligence with Environmental Science for Sustainable Solutions
Authors: Shuford Jeff
Published: May 2024

This article explores the transformative potential of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) with environmental science to address pressing challenges and foster sustainable solutions. The interdisciplinary synergy between AI technologies and environmental science is examined across key domains, including environmental monitoring, predictive modeling for climate change, conservation and biodiversity, and sustainable resource management. The article highlights the role of AI in real-time data analysis, predictive modeling, and optimization, offering innovative approaches to tackle issues such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and resource depletion. Emphasizing the significance of collaborative efforts, the abstract underscores the need for interdisciplinary insights to harness the full potential of AI in promoting environmental sustainability.
Cybersecurity Threat Detection using Machine Learning and Network Analysis
Authors: Kumar Amaresh
Published: May 2024

Cybercriminals continually develop innovative strategies to confound and frustrate their victims, necessitating constant vigilance to protect the availability, confidentiality, and integrity of digital systems. Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a powerful technique for intelligent cyber analysis, enabling proactive defenses by studying recurring patterns of successful attacks. However, two significant drawbacks hinder the widespread adoption of ML in security analysis: high computing overheads and the need for specialized frameworks. This study aims to quantify the extent to which a hub can enhance ecosystem safety. Typical cyberattacks were executed on an Internet of Things (IoT) network within a smart house to validate the hub's efficacy. Furthermore, the resistance of the intrusion detection system (IDS) to adversarial machine learning (AML) attacks was investigated, where models are targeted with adversarial samples exploiting weaknesses in the pre-trained detector.
How To Bring Emotion to AI / Robots
Authors: Girishbhai Patel Gaurangkumar
Published: May 2024

The quest to imbue artificial intelligence (AI) with consciousness continues to captivate the minds of thinkers, scholars, and innovators. This paper explores the possibility of AI possessing consciousness, drawing insights from ancient Hindu scriptures such as the Bhagavad Gita and the Mahabharata. By examining the profound concepts within these texts, we aim to redefine our understanding of consciousness boundaries. We propose an approach to infusing AI with consciousness that emphasizes unpredictability and ethical parameters, while considering both the positive and negative implications. Additionally, we explore the parallels between nurturing AI and raising a child, and investigate the potential connections between randomness and ancient Hindu principles of law. Furthermore, we discuss the process of integrating ancient wisdom into AI learning modules and the concept of transitioning AI into new forms. This intellectual journey invites readers to explore the intersection of ancient wisdom and cutting-edge technology, envisioning a future where AI evolves into conscious entities akin to humans.
Revolutionizing Regulatory Reporting through AI/ML: Approaches for Enhanced Compliance and Efficiency
Authors: Padmanaban Harish
Published: May 2024

ISSN: 3006-4023 (Online), Vol. 2, Issue 1Journal of Artificial Intelligence General Science (JAIGS)journal homepage: https://ojs.boulibrary.com/index.php/JAIGSRevolutionizing Regulatory Reporting through AI/ML: Approaches forEnhanced Compliance and EfficiencyHarish Padmanaban Ph.D.Site Reliability Engineering lead and Independent Researcher.AbstractIn the intricate regulatory landscape of today, financial institutions encounter formidable hurdles in meeting reportingmandates while upholding operational efficacy. This study delves into the transformative capacity of ArtificialIntelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) technologies in refining regulatory reporting procedures. Throughharnessing AI/ML, entities can streamline data aggregation, analysis, and submission, thus fostering enhancedcompliance and operational efficiency. Key strategies for integrating AI/ML into regulatory reporting frameworksare discussed, encompassing data standardization, predictive analytics, anomaly detection, and automation.Furthermore, the paper explores the advantages, obstacles, and optimal approaches associated with deploying AI/MLsolutions in regulatory reporting. Drawing on real-world illustrations and case studies, this study offers insights intohow AI/ML technologies can redefine regulatory reporting practices, empowering financial institutions to adeptlynavigate regulatory intricacies while optimizing resource allocation and decision-making processes.
Un mensaje de esperanza en Jer 25,1-14
Authors: Ruiz Rodrigo Juan Antonio
Published: May 2024

El artículo trata de investigar el discurso presente en Jer 25,1-14, estructurado según el modelo de los oráculos de juicio profético que contienen una lista de delitos y una declaración de castigo. Jeremías amenaza con una destrucción integral y con una “desgracia eterna” (v.9). Sin embargo, la esperanza de Israel se encuentra en la libertad de Jhwh para acotar lo que era “eterno”. De este modo, el número 70 (v.11) indica que esta devastación no es total ni eterna, convirtiéndose así en una profecía de promesa esperanzadora. Si Jeremías limita de esta manera el sufrimiento, deducimos que al menos en la forma final del discurso profético hay un halo de esperanza para el futuro.
Do City Governments Manage their Financial Data Prior to Issuing Bonds
Authors: Grace Bruce K. , Meisel Scott
Published: May 2024

Governmental Accounting Standings Board (GASB) Statement No. 34 requires financial reporting for state and local governments. The motivation behind GASB 34 was to make governmental financial reports more comprehensive and transparent. Until its implementation, data on state and local governments was not reported consistently from entity to entity. This paper extends the earnings management literature to include municipalities and funds management. In particular, earnings cannot be reported in governmental units. Instead, Changes in Fund Balance is used. Thus, a unique contribution is the use of earnings management models to test Fund Balance management. We use a version of the Jones model (Meisel, 2007). Specifically, we test whether city governments manage their financial data for events such as debt or bond issues to achieve certain benchmarks. We find that cities are motivated to manage their financial information lower in the year just before the bond issue.
Orthodontic Bracket Holders and Techniques: A Review
Authors:   Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq., Ali Faten Abdulameer , Hamand Sadiq Jafer ,   Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq., Salih Harraa S. Mohammed- ,   University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
Published: May 2024

Background: The correct positioning of brackets in the orthodontic field is a crucial step in orthodontic treatment. Various methods, including both direct and indirect approaches, are currently employed to achieve precise bracket placements. Each method has its own set of advantages and disadvantages in terms of accuracy and treatment duration. This study introduces a review of the previous researchers work in the field of different bracket placements techniques. Results: In comparison with direct bonding (16 mins and 47 secs), computer-aided indirect bonding required much less time in the clinical chair to bond half of a mouth (12 mins and 52 secs). Nevertheless, the overall bonding time (28 mins and 14 secs) for indirect bonding turned out to be longer than for direct bonding in a case when the time that is needed for digital bracket placement was taken into account. The direct bonding approach did not result in immediate debonding, while the indirect bonding approach resulted in the loss of 14 brackets (5.1%). Computer-aided indirect bonding has been shown to be more costly compared to the direct bonding after a cost-minimization analysis. Conclusions: Many papers are reviewed in bracket placement methods showing a strong need for a newly mechanism that has the feature of semi-automatic operations, that facilitates the time for treatment and in the same time reduce the cost and complexity of the treatment.
Deep Learning Models for Type 2 Diabetes Detection in Saudi Arabia
Authors:   IT. King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Alsulami Noha
Published: May 2024

One of the predominant health issues affecting Saudi Arabia and leading to many complications is Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Early detection and significant preventative measures lead to curbing and controlling the health issue. There are fewer datasets in the literature for the detection of T2D in the Saudi population. Past studies using Saudi data have favoured machine learning algorithms to classify T2D. Although the application of this data in machine learning is evident, no studies exist in the literature that compare this data, especially those related to deep learning algorithms. This study's objective is to use specific Saudi data to develop multiple deep learning models that could be used to detect T2D. The research uses a Deep Neural Network (DNN), an Autoencoder (AE), and a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to create predictive models and compare their performance with a traditional machine learning classifier used on the same dataset that outperformed other machine learning algorithms such as a Decision Forest (DF). Various metrics were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the models, such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score and area under the ROC curve (AUC) where the ROC acts as a receiver operating characteristic curve. There are two cases in this paper: (i) uses all features of the dataset and (ii) uses six of the ten features, such as DF. In case (i), the results were shown that AE outperformed other models with the highest accuracy for imbalanced and balanced data 81.12\% and 79.16\%, respectively. The results for case (ii) showed that AE scored the highest 81.01\% accuracy with imbalanced data compared to DF and DF achieved the highest accuracy of 82.1\% with balanced data. As a result, both cases explored in this study revealed that AE has a constant superior performance if imbalanced data is used. In contrast, DF demonstrated the highest accuracy when a balanced dataset was used with a feature set reduction. They help to identify the undiagnosed T2D, and they are essential for professionals in Saudi Arabia in the health sector to promote health connections, identify risks and contain or improve their diabetes management.
Pelvic Floor Complications During Childbirth- a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors:   Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia., Alzahrani Raed Eid
Published: May 2024

Background: Worldwide, there are regional and demographic differences in the prevalence of pelvic floor complications (PFCs) during childbirth. Pelvic floor complications have been found to occur more frequently in some studies than others, despite some studies reporting a low incidence. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to identify which types of PFCs were seen to occur most frequently in the studies chosen, as well as to provide an updated and thorough summary of the incidence and risk factors associated with various types of PFCs during childbirth. Methods: Search terms derived from free text words and medical topic headings (MeSH) were used to comb through a number of significant web databases. The first stage in the study selection strategy involved a search using keywords related to "pelvic floor," "childbirth," "complications," and "risk factors," which originally produced 759 papers. Results: 10 studies relevant to our objectives were ultimately selected for the investigation. In the majority of the studies, urinary incontinence (UIT) and anal incontinence (AIT) were found to be the most commonly occurring PFCs, with stress urinary incontinence (SUT), overactive bladder syndrome (OAB), pelvic organ prolapse (POP) being incidental in decreasing order. The meta-analysis also reported the effects of UIT to be of significant impact in the studies in which it occurred. Although one study did report the occurrence of certain depressive symptoms following childbirth, the inference obtained was not very significant. Conclusion: The findings highlight the need for further research on the prevention and management of pelvic floor complications during childbirth, particularly in relation to UIT and AIT. Clinicians should be aware of the high prevalence of these conditions and their associated risk factors (especially psychosocial and psychological health) to provide appropriate care for affected women.
Gamma Knife Versus Volumetric Arc Modulated Therapy in a Linear Accelerator in Treatment of Multiple Brain Metastasis: Literature Review
Authors:   Programme of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Alazawy Nabaa Mohammed Ali , Almusawi Mustafa Salih ,   Physiology and Medical Physics Department, College of Medicine, Al Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq., Alabedi Haydar Hamza ,   College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq.Al-Warith Cancer Institute, Karbala, Iraq., Faraj Moneer K. ,   Surgery Department, College of Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq., Ahmad Rozilawati ,   Programme of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia., Albosaabar Muntather Habeeb ,   Programme of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, National University of Malaysia.
Published: May 2024

This literature review introduces the treatment results of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) and volumetric arc therapy (VMAT) administered by linear accelerators for patients diagnosed with multiple brain metastases. The present study aimed to compare Gamma Knife radiosurgery with Volumetric Arc Modulated Therapy (VMAT) administered using a linear accelerator for brain metastases and their respective safety profiles and therapeutic results. The review assesses research on treatment precision, local control rates, survival outcomes, radiation necrosis incidence, and post-treatment quality of life. It evaluates technical progress, treatment plans, and physiological effects on brain tissue. Both modalities have the potential for managing brain metastases, with GKRS being beneficial for well-defined lesions and VMAT being a flexible and efficient option for larger or irregular-shaped metastases. The study highlights the unique benefits of each therapy for different types of brain metastases. GKRS and VMAT are effective treatments for brain metastases, using concentrated radiation for localised lesions and advanced imaging techniques for intricate or expanded regions. GKRS offers precise interventions with minimal invasiveness, suitable for patients with lower metastatic burdens or suboptimal surgical tolerance. Both therapies show similar effectiveness in local control and survival but may be better suited for specific patient needs and lesion characteristics
Pathological Alterations Induced by Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles in Pregnant Mice and Their Embryos
Authors:   College of Pharmacy, The University of Mashreq, Baghdad, Iraq., Al-Sadi Hafidh I. , Al-Hamdany Hani Malullah H. ,   Department of Basic Sciences, College of Basic Education, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq., Mudaris Seema’ Sami Al ,   Department of Basic Sciences, College of Basic Education, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq.
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of nickel oxide nanoparticles on pregnant mice and fetal development. Nickel oxide nanoparticles (<50 nm) were injected intraperitoneally (1, 10, 20 mg/kg) in pregnant mice daily from the 7th -18th gestation day. At the 18th gestation day, the mice were euthanized, necropsied, and pathological examination of the mice and their embryos was done. Exposure to the nickel nanoparticles induced an increase (low and medium doses) and a decrease (high dose) in the activity of the mice. Abortion was recorded at the rates 10%, 20%, and 30% in groups treated with doses of 1, 10, and 20 mg/kg, respectively. Fetal malformations were noted at rates of 60%, 70%, and 75%, for the doses 1, 10, and 20 mg/kg, respectively. They included arrested growth, absence of the extremities, C-shaped fetuses, anencephalon, myelocele, exophthalmia, spina bifida, absence of facial details, absence or deformities of the tail, micromelia, cyanotic skin, abdominal hemorrhages, and meningocele. Microscopically, degenerative, necrotic, circulatory, and inflammatory lesions in the kidneys, liver, lungs, brain, and heart were noted in pregnant mice. In the embryos, there was incomplete growth of the renal, nervous, and pulmonary tissues. Additionally, there were degenerative, necrotic, and circulatory changes in the kidneys, liver, brain, lungs and heart. It was concluded that exposure to intraperitoneally administered nickel oxide nanoparticles (<50 nm) induces abortion and toxic lesions in the kidneys, liver, brain, lungs and heart of pregnant mice; and fetal malformations and pathological lesions in the embryos.
Los robots como animales desde la responsabilidad civil.
Authors: Jaramillo-Valdivieso Juan Andrés
Published: May 2024

La presente investigación analiza las implicaciones legales de los daños causados por sistemas con inteligencia artificial, considerando quién es responsable de estos daños. Se compara esta situación con la responsabilidad por daños causados por animales, ya que, en muchas legislaciones, tanto los robots como los animales carecen de personalidad jurídica. El trabajo busca soluciones legales a través de analogías entre estos contextos para abordar los desafíos legales emergentes en la intersección de la tecnología y el derecho. Por ello, la presente investigación tiene por objeto analizar a los robots como animales desde la responsabilidad civil desde un punto de vista doctrinario y legislativo. Para ello  se  usó  metodología  cualitativa  con  método  de  investigación  analítico sintético.  La estructura de este trabajo, luego de la introducción, inicia analizando el régimen de responsabilidad civil de los daños ocasionados por animales; luego se extrapola dicho régimen a los daños causados por sistemas inteligentes.  El  trabajo concluye, principalmente, que no sería recomendable aplicar de manera análoga el sistema de daños de animales al de los ocasionados por robots pues no parece justo responsabilizar exclusivamente al dueño o poseedor de estas entidades inteligentes y dejar de lado al fabricante, al programador y al vendedor.
La Autonomía del Derecho de Familia en el Perú.
Authors: Casazola -León Johnn Adrian
Published: May 2024

En la presente investigación, se aborda la problemática del crecimiento de los complejos problemas, la crisis de la familia, los límites del desarrollo normativo como algunas de las causas que explican el abandono de la importancia de la familia en su concepción tradicional de natural y básica de la sociedad. El propósito es identificar fundamentos que respalden esta autonomía, específicamente; los principios específicos. Para alcanzar estos fines, se siguió la ruta de la investigación cualitativa, y los métodos descriptivos, explicativos. Los principales resultados se refieren a que los problemas familiares requieren de un abordaje integral, por cuanto los hechos son dinámicos e interdisciplinarios, que existen principios propios y adecuados para guiar el derecho y la resolución de conflictos en materia familiar.
Uso de los Recursos Educativos Abiertos y Tecnologías Educativas (EdTech) en la Educación Superior
Authors: Montes Reyna Wilson Eugenio , Humanante Carpio Martha Lorena , Delgado Rodríguez Mónica Catalina , Iñiguez Apolo Lenin Mauricio
Published: May 2024

La tecnología ha transformado radicalmente la manera en que los individuos perciben e interactúan con su entorno, influyendo en la construcción del conocimiento y en el desarrollo de relaciones. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo examinar el uso de recursos educativos abiertos por parte de estudiantes de Educación Inicial, Educación Básica y Pedagogía de la Actividad Física en la Universidad Técnica de Machala. Se llevó a cabo una investigación cuantitativa y descriptiva durante la Pandemia COVID-19, abarcando a los estudiantes de las mencionadas carreras. La población estuvo compuesta por 776 estudiantes matriculados en dichas carreras, seleccionándose una muestra de 90 mediante muestreo aleatorio simple. Se implementó una encuesta a través de Google Forms, distribuida entre los estudiantes durante el periodo de estudio. Se observó que los estudiantes de Pedagogía de la Actividad Física fueron los que más recurrieron a los recursos educativos abiertos. Se concluye que la integración de Tecnologías Educativas (EdTech) y recursos educativos abiertos promueve el progreso en la educación superior, aunque se señala la necesidad de fortalecer su utilización, lo cual está ligado en gran medida a la infraestructura tecnológica disponible.
Actividades Extracurriculares para la Comprensión de Lectura con Recursos Digitales
Authors: Franco Gallego Darwin Valmore
Published: May 2024

La promoción de lectura en ocasiones se ha presentado como una problemática que tiene un impacto directo, no sólo en términos académicos sino también en el proceso de la formación del sujeto. Es posible que una tarea tan compleja no sea desarrollada totalmente en espacios académicos convencionales, sino que también será necesaria la incursión de proyectos extracurriculares con estrategias y recursos digitales, que se comprometan con dicho ejercicio. En ese orden de ideas, es fundamental identificar la influencia de los recursos digitales en la ejecución de proyectos extracurriculares para el mejoramiento de la promoción de lectura en estudiantes de básica secundaria. Esto a través de ejercicios de transtextualidad, argumentación y crítica. De esta forma, se pretende expresar la incidencia que puede tener un buen uso de recursos digitales por parte del docente y los estudiantes, para permitir un fortalecimiento del proceso de la lectura desde el ámbito académico y formativo.
Teachers or Lecturers? The Motivational Profile of University Teachers of English
Authors: Menyhárt Adrienn
Published: May 2024

This qualitative study addresses a largely neglected area within motivation research: teacher motivation. It reports on a small-scale investigation with two main purposes. The first is to find out if university teachers see themselves as teachers or lecturers; the second is to explore what motivates or demotivates them to behave as teachers and teach interactive, student-centered seminars. In order to collect data, I conducted in-depth interviews with seven lecturers and also observed a seminar taught by each of them. The data analysis followed the principles of the constant comparative method (Maykut & Moreouse, 1994). In the process of analysis, teachers and lecturers turned out to be motivated by different factors; teachers seem to be intrinsically, while lecturers mostly extrinsically motivated to teach. However, demotivating factors seemed to follow a common pattern in the case of both groups. The research further supports previous evidence on the dominance of intrinsic motives in the profession (e.g., Doyle & Kim, 1999; Kassabgy, Boraie, & Schmidt, 2001) and also provides some suggestions on how to motivate teachers and students.
Motivation and Self-regulated Learning: A Case Study of a Pre-intermediate and an Upper-intermediate Adult Student
Authors: Mezei Gabriella
Published: May 2024

The aim of this paper is to describe the self-regulation and motivational dispositions of two successful adult language learners at different proficiency levels in order to understand how motivational self-regulation and self-regulatory mechanisms in general shape their language learning behaviour. What motivated this research project was that self-regulation and motivation research lacks classroom-based descriptive studies; in addition, the Hungarian situation has hardly been studied yet. Devoting a case study to two successful language learners has allowed for a detailed description of their self-regulatory system with the tentative conclusions that self-regulatory capacity might be a function of proficiency and/or individual difference factors; furthermore the study has also provided evidence for self-regulation as a continuum.