bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Roflumilast and aquaporin‐2 regulation in rat renal inner medullary collecting duct
Authors: Umejiego Ezigbobiara N. , Wang Yanhua , Knepper Mark A. , Chou Chung‐Lin
Published: January 2017

Roflumilast is a cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor that is FDA‐approved for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. With a view toward possible use for treatment of patients with X‐linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) due to hemizygous mutations in the V2 vasopressin receptor, this study sought to determine the effect of roflumilast on aquaporin‐2 (AQP2) phosphorylation, AQP2 trafficking, and water permeability in the rat inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD). In the presence of the vasopressin analog dDAVP (0.1 nmol/L), both roflumilast and its active metabolite roflumilast N‐oxide (RNO) significantly increased phosphorylation at S256, S264, and S269, and decreased phosphorylation at S261 (immunoblotting) in IMCD suspensions in a dose‐dependent manner (3–3000 nmol/L). Another commonly used phosphodiesterase inhibitor, IBMX, affected phosphorylation only at the highest concentration in this range. However, neither roflumilast nor RNO had an effect on AQP2 phosphorylation in the absence of vasopressin. Furthermore, roflumilast alone did not increase AQP2 trafficking to the plasma membrane (immunofluorescence) or increase water permeability in freshly microdissected perfused IMCD segments. We conclude that roflumilast can be used to enhance vasopressin's action on AQP2 activity in the renal collecting duct, but has no detectable effect in the absence of vasopressin. These findings suggest that roflumilast may not have a beneficial effect in X‐linked NDI, but could find useful application in acquired NDI.
Barycentric Jacobi Spectral Method for Numerical Solutions of the Generalized Burgers-Huxley Equation
Authors: Pindza Edson , Owolabi M. K. , Patidar K.C.
Published: January 2017

Numerical solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations, such as the generalized and extended Burgers-Huxley equations which combine effects of advection, diffusion, dispersion and nonlinear transfer are considered in this paper. Such system can be divided into linear and nonlinear parts, which allow the use of two numerical approaches. Barycentric Jacobi spectral (BJS) method is employed for the spatial discretization, the resulting nonlinear system of ordinary differential equation is advanced with a fourth-order exponential time differencing predictor corrector. Comparative numerical results for the values of options are presented. The proposed method is very elegant from the computational point of view. Numerical computations for a wide variety of problems, show that the present method offers better accuracy and efficiency in comparison with other previous methods. Moreover the method can be applied to a wide class of nonlinear partial differential equations.
Development and Organization of the Evolutionarily Conserved Three-Layered Olfactory Cortex
Authors: Klingler Esther
Published: January 2017

The olfactory cortex is part of the mammalian cerebral cortex together with the neocortex and the hippocampus. It receives direct input from the olfactory bulbs and participates in odor discrimination, association, and learning (Bekkers and Suzuki, 2013). It is thought to be an evolutionarily conserved paleocortex, which shares common characteristics with the three-layered general cortex of reptiles (Aboitiz et al., 2002). The olfactory cortex has been studied as a “simple model” to address sensory processing, though little is known about its precise cell origin, diversity, and identity. While the development and the cellular diversity of the six-layered neocortex are increasingly understood, the olfactory cortex remains poorly documented in these aspects. Here is a review of current knowledge of the development and organization of the olfactory cortex, keeping the analogy with those of the neocortex. The comparison of olfactory cortex and neocortex will allow the opening of evolutionary perspectives on cortical development.
Genome-Wide Analysis of lncRNA and mRNA Expression During Differentiation of Abdominal Preadipocytes in the Chicken
Authors: Zhang Tao , Zhang Xiangqian , Han Kunpeng , Zhang Genxi , Wang Jinyu , Xie Kaizhou , Xue Qian
Published: January 2017

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate adipogenesis and other processes associated with metabolic tissue development and function. However, little is known about the function and profile of lncRNAs during preadipocyte differentiation in the chicken (Gallus gallus). Herein, lncRNA and mRNA expression in preadipocytes at different stages of differentiation were analyzed using RNA sequencing. A total of 1,300,074,528 clean reads and 27,023 novel lncRNAs were obtained from 12 samples. The number of genes (1336 lncRNAs and 1759 mRNAs; 3095 in total) differentially expressed across various stages declined as differentiation progressed. Differentially expressed genes were found to be involved in several pathways related to preadipocyte differentiation that have been extensively studied, including glycerolipid metabolism, and the mammalian target of rapamycin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. To our knowledge, some pathways are being reported for the first time, including the propanoate metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. Furthermore, 3095 differentially expressed genes were clustered into eight clusters, and their expression patterns were determined through K-means clustering. Genes involved in the K2 cluster likely play important roles in preadipocyte differentiation. Six stage-specific modules related to A0 (day 0), A2 (day 2), and A6 (day 6) stages were identified, using weighted coexpression network analysis. Nine central, highly connected .genes in stage-specific modules were subsequently identified, including XLOC_068731, XLOC_022661, XLOC_045161, XLOC_070302, CHD6, LLGL1, NEURL1B, KLHL38, and ACTR6. This study provides a valuable resource for further study of chicken lncRNA and facilitates a better understanding of preadipocyte differentiation in the chicken
Predicted Residual Error Sum of Squares of Mixed Models: An Application for Genomic Prediction
Authors: Xu Shizhong
Published: January 2017

Genomic prediction is a statistical method to predict phenotypes of polygenic traits using high-throughput genomic data. Most diseases and behaviors in humans and animals are polygenic traits. The majority of agronomic traits in crops are also polygenic. Accurate prediction of these traits can help medical professionals diagnose acute diseases and breeders to increase food products, and therefore significantly contribute to human health and global food security. The best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) is an important tool to analyze high-throughput genomic data for prediction. However, to judge the efficacy of the BLUP model with a particular set of predictors for a given trait, one has to provide an unbiased mechanism to evaluate the predictability. Cross-validation (CV) is an essential tool to achieve this goal, where a sample is partitioned into K parts of roughly equal size, one part is predicted using parameters estimated from the remaining K – 1 parts, and eventually every part is predicted using a sample excluding that part. Such a CV is called the K-fold CV. Unfortunately, CV presents a substantial increase in computational burden. We developed an alternative method, the HAT method, to replace CV. The new method corrects the estimated residual errors from the whole sample analysis using the leverage values of a hat matrix of the random effects to achieve the predicted residual errors. Properties of the HAT method were investigated using seven agronomic and 1000 metabolomic traits of an inbred rice population. Results showed that the HAT method is a very good approximation of the CV method. The method was also applied to 10 traits in 1495 hybrid rice with 1.6 million SNPs, and to human height of 6161 subjects with roughly 0.5 million SNPs of the Framingham heart study data. Predictabilities of the HAT and CV methods were all similar. The HAT method allows us to easily evaluate the predictabilities of genomic prediction for large numbers of traits in very large populations.
Genotype Calling from Population-Genomic Sequencing Data
Authors: Maruki Takahiro , Lynch Michael
Published: January 2017

Genotype calling plays important roles in population-genomic studies, which have been greatly accelerated by sequencing technologies. To take full advantage of the resultant information, we have developed maximum-likelihood (ML) methods for calling genotypes from high-throughput sequencing data. As the statistical uncertainties associated with sequencing data depend on depths of coverage, we have developed two types of genotype callers. One approach is appropriate for low-coverage sequencing data, and incorporates population-level information on genotype frequencies and error rates pre-estimated by an ML method. Performance evaluation using computer simulations and human data shows that the proposed framework yields less biased estimates of allele frequencies and more accurate genotype calls than current widely used methods. Another type of genotype caller applies to high-coverage sequencing data, requires no prior genotype-frequency estimates, and makes no assumption on the number of alleles at a polymorphic site. Using computer simulations, we determine the depth of coverage necessary to accurately characterize polymorphisms using this second method. We applied the proposed method to high-coverage (mean 18×) sequencing data of 83 clones from a population of Daphnia pulex. The results show that the proposed method enables conservative and reasonably powerful detection of polymorphisms with arbitrary numbers of alleles. We have extended the proposed method to the analysis of genomic data for polyploid organisms, showing that calling accurate polyploid genotypes requires much higher coverage than diploid genotypes.
Fluctuating Selection in the Moran
Authors: Dean Antony M , Lehman Clarence , Yi Xiao
Published: January 2017

Contrary to classical population genetics theory, experiments demonstrate that fluctuating selection can protect a haploid polymorphism in the absence of frequency dependent effects on fitness. Using forward simulations with the Moran model, we confirm our analytical results showing that a fluctuating selection regime, with a mean selection coefficient of zero, promotes polymorphism. We find that increases in heterozygosity over neutral expectations are especially pronounced when fluctuations are rapid, mutation is weak, the population size is large, and the variance in selection is big. Lowering the frequency of fluctuations makes selection more directional, and so heterozygosity declines. We also show that fluctuating selection raises dn/ds ratios for polymorphism, not only by sweeping selected alleles into the population, but also by purging the neutral variants of selected alleles as they undergo repeated bottlenecks. Our analysis shows that randomly fluctuating selection increases the rate of evolution by increasing the probability of fixation. The impact is especially noticeable when the selection is strong and mutation is weak. Simulations show the increase in the rate of evolution declines as the rate of new mutations entering the population increases, an effect attributable to clonal interference. Intriguingly, fluctuating selection increases the dn/ds ratios for divergence more than for polymorphism, a pattern commonly seen in comparative genomics. Our model, which extends the classical neutral model of molecular evolution by incorporating random fluctuations in selection, accommodates a wide variety of observations, both neutral and selected, with economy.
Meiotic Crossing Over in Maize Knob Heterochromatin
Authors: Stack Stephen M , Shearer Lindsay A , Lohmiller Leslie , Anderson Lorinda K
Published: January 2017

There is ample evidence that crossing over is suppressed in heterochromatin associated with centromeres and nucleolus organizers (NORs). This...

There is ample evidence that crossing over is suppressed in heterochromatin associated with centromeres and nucleolus organizers (NORs). This characteristic has been attributed to all heterochromatin, but the generalization may not be justified. To investigate the relationship of crossing over to heterochromatin that is not associated with centromeres or NORs, we used a combination of fluorescence in situ hybridization of the maize 180-bp knob repeat to show the locations of knob heterochromatin and fluorescent immunolocalization of MLH1 protein and AFD1 protein to show the locations of MLH1 foci on maize synaptonemal complexes (SCs, pachytene chromosomes). MLH1 foci correspond to the location of recombination nodules (RNs) that mark sites of crossing over. We found that MLH1 foci occur at similar frequencies per unit length of SC in interstitial knobs and in the 1 µm segments of SC in euchromatin immediately to either side of interstitial knobs. These results indicate not only that crossing over occurs within knob heterochromatin, but also that crossing over is not suppressed in the context of SC length in maize knobs. However, because there is more DNA per unit length of SC in knobs compared to euchromatin, crossing over is suppressed (but not eliminated) in knobs in the context of DNA length compared to adjacent euchromatin.
Chromatin Regulation by the NuA4 Acetyltransferase Complex Is Mediated by Essential Interactions Between Enhancer of Polycomb (Epl1) and Esa1
Authors: Searle Naomi E , Torres-Machorro Ana Lilia , Pillus Lorraine
Published: January 2017

Enzymes that modify and remodel chromatin act in broadly conserved macromolecular complexes. One key modification is the dynamic acetylation of...

Enzymes that modify and remodel chromatin act in broadly conserved macromolecular complexes. One key modification is the dynamic acetylation of histones and other chromatin proteins by opposing activities of acetyltransferase and deacetylase complexes. Among acetyltransferases, the NuA4 complex containing Tip60 or its Saccharomyces cerevisiae ortholog Esa1 is of particular significance because of its roles in crucial genomic processes including DNA damage repair and transcription. The catalytic subunit Esa1 is essential, as are five noncatalytic NuA4 subunits. We found that of the noncatalytic subunits, deletion of Enhancer of polycomb (Epl1), but not the others, can be bypassed by loss of a major deacetylase complex, a property shared by Esa1. Noncatalytic complex subunits can be critical for complex assembly, stability, genomic targeting, substrate specificity, and regulation. Understanding the essential role of Epl1 has been previously limited, a limitation now overcome by the discovery of its bypass suppression. Here, we present a comprehensive in vivo study of Epl1 using the powerful tool of suppression combined with transcriptional and mutational analyses. Our results highlight functional parallels between Epl1 and Esa1 and further illustrate that the structural role of Epl1 is important for promotion of Esa1 activity. This conclusion is strengthened by our dissection of Epl1 domains required in vivo for interaction with specific NuA4 subunits, histone acetylation, and chromatin targeting. These results provide new insights for the conserved, essential nature of Epl1 and its homologs, such as EPC1/2 in humans, which is frequently altered in cancers.
Histone H3K4 and H3K36 Methylation Independently Recruit the NuA3 Histone Acetyltransferase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Martin Benjamin J E , McBurney Kristina L , Maltby Vicki E , Jensen Kristoffer N , Brind’Amour Julie , Howe LeAnn J
Published: January 2017

Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) alter chromatin structure by promoting the interaction of chromatin-modifying complexes with nucleosomes. The majority of chromatin-modifying complexes contain multiple domains that preferentially interact with modified histones, leading to speculation that these domains function in concert to target nucleosomes with distinct combinations of histone PTMs. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the NuA3 histone acetyltransferase complex contains three domains, the PHD finger in Yng1, the PWWP domain in Pdp3, and the YEATS domain in Taf14; which in vitro bind to H3K4 methylation, H3K36 methylation, and acetylated and crotonylated H3K9, respectively. While the in vitro binding has been well characterized, the relative in vivo contributions of these histone PTMs in targeting NuA3 is unknown. Here, through genome-wide colocalization and by mutational interrogation, we demonstrate that the PHD finger of Yng1, and the PWWP domain of Pdp3 independently target NuA3 to H3K4 and H3K36 methylated chromatin, respectively. In contrast, we find no evidence to support the YEATS domain of Taf14 functioning in NuA3 recruitment. Collectively our results suggest that the presence of multiple histone PTM binding domains within NuA3, rather than restricting it to nucleosomes containing distinct combinations of histone PTMs, can serve to increase the range of nucleosomes bound by the complex. Interestingly, however, the simple presence of NuA3 is insufficient to ensure acetylation of the associated nucleosomes, suggesting a secondary level of acetylation regulation that does not involve control of HAT-nucleosome interactions.
New records of spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) from the state of Roraima, northern Brazil
Authors: Carvalho Leonardo S. , Martins Pedro H. , Schneider Marielle C. , Cabra-García Jimmy J.
Published: January 2017

The Brazilian spider fauna comprises thousands of described species, mostly known by only one or two records, and there are large sampling gaps. The spider fauna of the state of Roraima is enigmatic in Brazil and remains largely unknown. Herein, we present a list of spider species recently collected during an expedition in Roraima. Species-level identifications were possible for 229 adult individuals of 54 species. Five species are newly recorded from Brazil, and 30 species are presented for the first time from Roraima. Most of these new records are represented by widespread species, representing the huge and historical deficiency in the spider sampling throughout Roraima.
Some Remarks on Sthiramati and his Putative Authorship of the Madhy?ntavibh?ga??k?, the *S?tr?la?k?rav?ttibh??ya and the Tri??ik?vijñaptibh??ya
Authors: Kramer Jowita
Published: January 2017

The present paper focuses on the commentaries attributed to the Indian Yog?c?ra scholar Sthiramati (sixth century). So far Sthiramati’s work has received far less attention from modern scholars than the texts of other Yog?c?ra authors like Asa?ga or Vasubandhu, possibly because of the erroneous view that as a commentator he has not been an original author in his own right. However, commentators like Sthiramati have shaped the doctrinal development of Yog?c?ra thought by introducing new concepts and reorganizing previous teachings to a similar extent as ‘independent’ authors. In total seventeen works are ascribed to the author Sthiramati in Indian, Tibetan, Chinese and modern Western sources. The main concern of this study is to show some aspects of the relations between three of these works, namely the Madhy?ntavibh?ga??k?, the *S?tr?la?k?rav?ttibh??ya and the Tri??ik?vijñaptibh??ya, and to question the common authorship of these texts.
Walking the Deckle Edge
Authors: Formigatti Camillo A.
Published: January 2017

The article presents a preliminary survey of textual reuse in Nepalese collections of j?takas and avad?nas, focusing in particular on three works: the Avad?na?ataka, the Divy?vad?na, and the Dv?vi??atyavad?nakath?. The reassessment of the manuscript tradition of these three Sanskrit collections, based on Nepalese manuscripts and Tibetan translations, sheds more light on the role of scribes in the creation of these collections and of the Nepalese avad?nam?l? literature. In particular, the great role played in the 17th century by the Nepalese scribe and scholar Jayamuni in shaping the text of the Avad?na?ataka, the Divy?vad?na, and many other Buddhist narrative works is brought to light. The result of this preliminary survey shows that a study of this type of collections based on the available critical editions should be rethought in the light of the specific character of their manuscript and textual transmission in medieval and early modern Nepal.
Re-making, Re-marking, or Re-using? Hermeneutical Strategies and Challenges in the Guhyasam?ja Commentarial Literature
Authors: Hackett Paul G.
Published: January 2017

This paper presents a case study in the exegesis of Buddhist tantric literature by examining a segment of the corpus of Guhyasam?ja literature and, in doing so, addresses both emic and etic approaches to the hermeneutics of tantric texts. On the most basic level, we discuss the mechanisms for interpreting statements within the root tantra internal to the exegetical tantric literature itself, as exemplified by Candrak?rti’s ‘Brightening Lamp’ (Prad?poddyotana) commentary and the extensive sub-commentary by Bhavyak?rti. On another level, however, these same exegetical moves can be viewed in terms of the ideas ‘re-use’ and reformulation of the root text, and how they shape the understanding of the role and function of tantric commentary.
Rewritten or Reused? Originality, Intertextuality, and Reuse in the Writings of a Buddhist Visionary in Contemporary Tibet
Authors: Terrone Antonio
Published: January 2017

The study of Buddhist texts can inform us of the way scriptures were composed, as well as illuminate the reasons behind their production. This study examines the phenomenon of borrowing and reusing portions of texts without attributing them to their ‘legitimate authors’ within the Buddhist world of contemporary Tibet. It shows that not only is such a practice not at all infrequent and is often socially accepted, but that it is used in this case as a platform to advance specific claims and promote an explicit agenda. Therefore, rather than considering these as instances of plagiarism, this essay looks at the practice of copying and borrowing as an exercise in intertextuality, intended as the faithful retransmission of ancient truths, and as an indication of the public domain of texts in Tibet.
Thoughts on Originality, Reuse, and Intertextuality in Buddhist Literature Derived from the Contributions to the Volume
Authors: Wallace Vesna A.
Published: January 2017

Studies in originality, authorship, and intertextuality in the contexts of the South Asian and Tibetan Buddhist literature are indispensible for uncovering the direct and indirect referential connections and the diverse modes of their production in an extensive mosaic of Buddhist texts. They also highlight the multifarious functions of textual reuses and re-workings in cultural productions and religious and literary reinvigorations. Moreover, a reintegration of explicit and silent citations and creative paraphrases and a recirculation of narrative adaptations, which have been often sidelined in the study of Buddhist literature, have been shown to be integral to the formation of a textual authority and to the restructuring of cultural and doctrinal meanings.
Intergroup language attitudes and their sources: The case of Tehrani and Jonoub-Shahri Tehrani
Authors: Saeli Hooman
Published: January 2017

The current study was aimed at investigating the language attitudes of Tehrani speakers (N = 188) toward an ingroup (Tehrani) and outgroup (JS Tehrani) variety. In doing so, a questionnaire of 10 scales was utilized. The 10 scales were later factor-analyzed into status, solidarity, and ethnic pride. Statistical analyses (i.e. ANOVA and Tukey) revealed that, firstly, each variety was rated differently across the 3 scales, and, on all three individual clusters, the two ingroup and outgroup varieties were judged differently. Whereas Tehrani was evaluated more favorably on status and ethnic pride scales, JS Tehrani was rated more positively on solidarity. The results were finally explained in light of the participants’ interview responses and sociocultural context of Tehran. The results of the present study might be useful in illustrating the under-explored area of language attitudes in Iran.
Languages in East Africa: Policies, practices and perspectives
Authors: Isingoma Bebwa
Published: January 2017

The study provides an account of the prevailing linguistic situation in the three traditional countries of the East African Community (Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda), since they have more or less the same colonial and postcolonial history as well as being territorially coterminous with each other – a landmark phenomenon that has a bearing on the dynamics of the postcolonial linguistic landscape in these countries. The study examines the circumstances that underlie the triglossic linguistic situation in these countries, i.e. a situation where there are three languages with distinct but complementary functions (namely English, Kiswahili and languages of intra-ethnic communication). While some of the dimensions of the linguistic situation are similar in the three countries, others are different. Entangled in the quagmire of vacillating decisions on language policies, East Africa has had to grapple with the question of language choice for some time. The study examines the language policies that promote or relegate, at varying degrees, the languages of the three countries. Generally, while Kenya and Uganda are making considerable strides in promoting languages other than English and Kiswahili, Tanzania, on the other hand, has stuck to its guns in relation to stifling the development of such languages.
Plurilingual corpora and polylanguaging, where corpus linguistics meets contact linguistics
Authors: Léglise Isabelle , Alby Sophie
Published: January 2017

Language contact and multilingualism issues are addressed by such diverse research traditions that we consider corpora and data exchange as good ways to make these traditions speak to one another. In this paper, we describe a methodology for detailed analysis of heterogeneous corpora which can be used to take into account both sychronic phenomena (linguistic variation and instances of polylanguaging or code switching) and diachronic phenomena. We point out the epistemological questions that arise in the analysis of plurilingual data and discuss the choices made with respect to the current norms and standards followed in corpus linguistics with a view to providing multi-factoral explanations in the field of language contact and multilingualism. We rely here on the methodology developed in the research project CLAPOTY.
Effect-for-cause inferencing in the evaluation of loudness among Toba Batak people
Authors: Tobing Andrew P.L. , Panggabean Himpun , Sinar Tengku Silvana
Published: January 2017

The paper presents evidence for an effect-for-cause inferencing process underlying the general style of using loud speech voice among Toba Batak speakers (Indonesia). A subjective reaction test was conducted to find out their perception towards the use of loud voice in three relational settings having different combinations of bipolarity: 1) vertical social distance and horizontal social distance; 2) vertical social distance only; and 3) horizontal social distance only. The results showed that in contexts where horizontal social distance remains, the absence of vertical distance significantly weakens the perception of impoliteness and unacceptability towards the use of loud voice. This indicates that Toba Bataks assume a pseudo social proximity when they are speaking to people with whom they have no horizontal social closeness. This method of inferencing is consistent with an effect-for-cause relational structure, being metonymic in nature.
Ocorrência de Aedes aegypti e Aedes albopictus em bromélias cultivadas no Jardim Botânico Municipal de Bauru, São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Viviane Camila de ,   Jardim Botânico Municipal de Bauru,  Brasil, Almeida Neto Luiz Carlos de
Published: January 2017

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi observar a ocorrência de larvas de mosquitos, em especial do Aedes aegypti e Aedes albopictus, no tanque e axilas de bromélias do Jardim Botânico Municipal de Bauru, São Paulo, Brasil, destacando implicações epidemiológicas do uso dessas plantas. A maioria de larvas encontradas foi de mosquitos do gênero Culex, enquanto as de A. aegypti e A. albopictus foi ocasional. O uso de telas para proteção das plantas, a exposição ao sol e a maior quantidade de água no tanque podem ter influenciado a ocorrência e agrupamento das larvas.
A motorized vehicle-mounted sprayer as a new tool for Chagas disease vector control
Authors: Carbajal-de-la-Fuente Ana Laura ,   Universidad de Buenos Aires,  Argentina, Lencina Patricia , Spillmann Cynthia , Gürtler Ricardo Esteban ,   Ministerio de la Salud de Mendoza,  Argentina,   Ministerio de la Salud,  Argentina
Published: January 2017

Abstract: Residual insecticide spraying still is the main tool used to suppress house infestations with Chagas disease vectors. While manual compression sprayers (MCS) have traditionally been used in Latin America, Mendoza's vector control program from Argentina introduced the use of a modified motorized vehicle-mounted sprayer (VMS) with apparent advantages over MCS. We conducted a randomized intervention trial to evaluate the effectiveness and selected components of the performance of MCS and VMS. We assessed house infestation by Triatoma infestans in 76 previously-infested houses at 0, 1, 4 and 12 months postintervention. Infestations were reduced substantially, with no significant differences between treatments. End-point infestations were restricted to peridomiciles. Although VMS required less time to complete the house spraying than MCS, both treatments had similar performance and did not suppress infestations completely. The main relative advantages of VMS were a reduced physical effort, especially under harsh field conditions, and potential gains in spray coverage per unit of time.
Proposta de um observatório epidemiológico do Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Saldanha Raphael de Freitas ,   Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora,  Brazil, Bastos Ronaldo Rocha , Bustamante-Teixeira Maria Teresa , Leite Isabel Cristina Gonçalves , Campos Estela Márcia Saraiva ,   Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora,  Brazil,   Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora,  Brazil
Published: January 2017

Após a criação do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), o Departamento de Informática do SUS (DATASUS) foi estabelecido em 1991, objetivando a organização de sistemas de informação e bases de dados em saúde. O acesso e visualização dos dados são realizados de forma gratuita e aberta pela Internet, por meio de tabelas e gráficos de dados agregados ou acesso a dados brutos. A presente forma de acesso aos dados não atende completamente a demanda dos gestores e outros usuários por uma ferramenta flexível e de fácil uso, que permita lidar com diferentes aspectos da saúde que sejam relevantes na busca de conhecimento e no processo de decisão. Nós propomos um sistema auxiliar capaz de gerar relatórios mensais sintéticos de maneira automatizada, que sejam facilmente acessados e também de fácil compreensão, com ênfase na visualização de informações valendo-se de gráficos e mapas.
Perfil de resiliência em pacientes com dor crônica
Authors: Souza Israel ,   Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro,  Brasil, Vasconcelos Ana Glória Godoi , Caumo Wolnei , Baptista Abrahão Fontes ,   Fundação Oswaldo Cruz,  Brazil,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,  Brazil,   Universidade Federal da Bahia,  Brazil
Published: January 2017

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar perfis de resiliência em paciente com dor crônica. Utilizando a Análise de Classes Latentes, em uma amostra de 414 pacientes com dor crônica musculoesquelética, foram identificados três perfis: resiliência primária (40%), composto por indivíduos de até 40 anos, que têm alta escolaridade, buscam os cuidados médicos, não trabalham e não apresentam sintomas de estresse psicológico; resiliência secundária (30%), composto por mulheres com mais de 54 anos, que têm baixo nível de escolaridade, buscam cuidados médicos, não trabalham e apresentam baixa probabilidade de experimentar sintomas de estresse psicológico; resiliência terciária (29%), composto por mulheres com médio nível de escolaridade, idade entre 40 e 54 anos, que trabalham, não buscam cuidados médicos e têm alta probabilidade de experimentar sintomas de estresse psicológico. Os três perfis revelam caminhos distintos de resiliência na dor crônica com relevância para prática clínica, destacando a atuação multidisciplinar nos cuidados ao paciente com dor crônica.
Gastos privados com saúde bucal no Brasil: análise dos dados da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares, 2008-2009
Authors: Cascaes Andreia Morales ,   Universidade Federal de Pelotas,  Brazil, Camargo Maria Beatriz Junqueira de , Castilhos Eduardo Dickie de , Silva Alexandre Emidio Ribeiro , Barros Aluísio J. D. ,   Universidade Federal de Pelotas,  Brazil,   Universidade Federal de Pelotas,  Brazil
Published: January 2017

Resumo: O objetivo foi analisar os gastos privados com assistência odontológica e produtos de higiene bucal dos brasileiros. Foram analisados dados de 55.970 domicílios pesquisados na Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares de 2008-2009. Os gastos foram descritos segundo macrorregiões, estados e capitais do Brasil e de acordo com características socioeconômicas e demográficas dos domicílios (sexo, idade, cor da pele e escolaridade do chefe, renda domiciliar per capita e presença de idoso no domicílio). Os brasileiros gastaram em média no ano R$ 42,19 com serviços de assistência odontológica e R$ 10,27 com produtos de higiene bucal. Desigualdades sociais na distribuição desses gastos segundo as características dos moradores dos domicílios e segundo as diferentes macrorregiões, estados e capitais do país foram encontradas. O presente estudo evidenciou com detalhes quanto e com o que gastam os brasileiros com assistência odontológica e com produtos de higiene bucal. O monitoramento e avaliação desses gastos são condições fundamentais para avaliação e orientação de políticas públicas em saúde bucal.
O "cabo de força" da assistência: concepção e prática de psicólogos sobre o Apoio Matricial no Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família
Authors: Klein Ana Paula ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, d'Oliveira Ana Flávia Pires Lucas
Published: January 2017

O presente estudo analisou a concepção e a prática do matriciamento realizadas por psicólogos que trabalham no Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF) no Município de São Paulo, Brasil. Foi utilizada a metodologia qualitativa, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, gravadas e transcritas, submetidas à análise de conteúdo do tipo temática. Essa pesquisa demonstra dilemas entre a prescrição do trabalho e o que é possível ser realizado na prática, e entre a idealização da proposta colaborativa e sua implantação. A troca de saberes e a capacitação apareceram como principais significados da concepção de matriciamento. A prática revelou um contexto complexo com uma organização de trabalho bastante heterogênea com falta de articulação entre gerências e tensões na execução do trabalho compartilhado, como a divisão desigual de tarefas, em que as equipes de saúde da família devem se responsabilizar pela assistência direta à população enquanto o NASF ocupa o lugar daquele que capacita e supervisiona, gerando conflitos sobre de quem é a responsabilidade da assistência, constituindo um contexto pouco propício ao cuidado integral, compartilhado e colaborativo.
Behavioral interventions to promote condom use among women living with HIV: a systematic review update
Authors: Gonçalves Tonantzin Ribeiro ,   Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Brazil, Faria Evelise Rigoni , Carvalho Fernanda Torres de , Piccinini Cesar Augusto , Shoveller Jean Anne ,   Grupo Hospitalar Conceição, Brazil,   Secretaria Estadual da Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil,   University of British Columbia, Canada
Published: January 2017

Abstract: Behavioral interventions have been essential components of HIV prevention approaches, especially those aimed to promote safe sexual practices. We conducted a comprehensive literature search without language restrictions between 1980 and July 2014 to identify randomized controlled trials or controlled studies investigating behavioral interventions which: included women living with HIV; focused on condom use promotion; presented/analyzed outcomes by gender; used a 3-month follow-up or more; and considered at least one HIV-related behavioral or biological outcome. Eight studies comprising a total of 1,355 women living with HIV were included in the meta-analyses, and 13 studies were qualitatively described. When compared to standard care or minimal support intervention, behavioral interventions did not demonstrate an effect on increasing consistent condom use at the 3-month follow-up (RR = 0.92; 95%CI: 0.73, 1.16; p = 0.48), 6-month follow-up (RR = 1.13; 95%CI: 0.96, 1.34; p = 0.15), and 12-month follow-up (RR = 0.91; 95%CI: 0.77, 1.08; p = 0.30). Behavioral interventions also failed to reach positive effect in reduction of unprotected sexual intercourse at 6-months (MD = -1.80; 95%CI: -4.21, 0.62; p = 0.14) and 12-months follow-up (MD = -1.39; 95%CI: -2.29, 0.21; p = 0.09). These findings should be interpreted with caution since they are based on a few small trials. New researches are needed to assess the potential gains from a combination of interventions that promote safe sexual behavior with a harm reduction and gender approach, particularly in developing countries where HIV infection rates remain high.
Factores desencadenantes, estructura y función del síntoma fóbico en la infancia: análisis de dos casos clínicos paradigmáticos
Authors: Battista Julieta De ,   Universidad Nacional de La Plata,  Argentina, Varela Jesica , Dinamarca Mariana ,   Universidad Nacional de La Plata,  Argentina
Published: January 2017

El objetivo del artículo es analizar dos casos de presentaciones fóbicas en la infancia: Juanito (Freud, 1909) y Sandy (Shnurmann, 1949) de acuerdo a un método clínico. Pudo establecerse que los factores desencadenantes diferían. En el primero se acentúa la carencia paterna y en el segundo la carencia materna. La estructura del síntoma difiere también: es metafórica en el primer caso y metonímica en el segundo. La función del síntoma concierne en ambos casos a la suplencia de la función carente.
O mau cheiro como estratégia de sobrevivência
Authors: Bonomi Tomás Moraes Abreu ,   Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo,  Br, Berlinck Manoel Tosta ,   Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo,  Br
Published: January 2017

O presente trabalho tem como base a narrativa de um atendimento clínico, no qual a paciente procura análise, pois todos os seus relacionamentos amorosos fracassavam causando-lhe intenso sofrimento. Ao longo dos atendimentos ela diz saber o porquê desses fracassos: ela fede. Formulamos a hipótese clínica de que o mau cheiro se insere na economia psíquica da paciente como um mecanismo de defesa e, tomando o conceito de narcisismo como norteador, discutimos o papel da alucinação olfativa na sustentação psíquica da paciente.
Uma paixão devastadora
Authors: Pollo Vera ,   Universidade Veiga de Almeida,  Br, Barbosa Liliane ,   Universidade Veiga de Almeida,  Br
Published: January 2017

O presente artigo aborda o tema da “paixão devastadora” e indaga qual seria sua diferença de uma relação de amor, apoiando--se na teoria psicanalítica de Freud e de Lacan e na contribuição de Lessana. Apresenta dois fragmentos clínicos que desvelam como a relação com a mãe produz obstáculos na vida amorosa das jovens mulheres. Conclui que na paixão predomina o imaginário e, no amor, o simbólico. Por fim, ressalta que a devastação mãe-filha é menos nefasta que o arrebatamento.
Musicalidade(s) e ressonâncias psíquicas: variações subjetivas e destinos à pulsão
Authors: Tavares Leandro Anselmo Todesqui ,   Faculdades Integradas de Ourinhos, Brasil, Hashimoto Francisco ,   Faculdades da Alta Paulista, Br,   Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brasil
Published: January 2017

O presente artigo presta-se a relacionar alguns importantes conceitos da psicanálise, tais como a pulsão invocante, a experiência pática do estranho e as possibilidades de gozo e destinos da pulsão, enredados pela via da Psicanálise Implicada circunscrita ao campo teórico de Freud e Lacan. Tomamos a música como uma enigmática poética do indizível e do inaudito que se articula aquém e além do significante. A experiência musical pode suscitar rearranjos psíquicos, e sua singular função de contágio pode propiciar a transmissão de um real inaudito que mobiliza o campo pulsional, sendo capaz de promover diferentes destinos ao pathos.
Jarbas, o Redentor: um caso clínico de mania apresentado a partir da topologia lacaniana
Authors: Amaral Nympha ,   Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro,  Br, Figueiredo Ana Cristina ,   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,  Br
Published: January 2017

Neste artigo visamos solucionar o enigma dos intervalos lúcidos da Psicose maníaco-depressiva a partir de um estudo de caso atendido em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPSi). Defendemos que se pode sustentar uma experiência rigorosa do dispositivo analítico em instituição pública. Utilizamos a topologia lacaniana dos nós como método para a construção do caso. Postulamos que nos surtos os nós se rompem e depois se rearranjam entre os três registros — real, simbólico e imaginário — formando um nó não borromeano (nó de trevo) que possibilita uma estabilização do sujeito.
Introdução a “Contribuições para a sexualidade infantil”, de Moshé Wulff
Authors: Gueller Adela Judith Stoppel de ,   Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo,  Br
Published: January 2017

“Contribuições para a sexualidade infantil” é um dos primeiros trabalhos sobre psicanálise com crianças. Nesse artigo, Moshé Wulff descreve detalhadamente três casos de crianças que sofriam de ataques histéricos frequentes. Com sua apresentação, o autor ingressou na Sociedade Psicanalítica de Viena em 1911, e a leitura desse trabalho tornou-se obrigatória para os analistas em formação. Considerado por Freud “um dos autores que falaram inteligentemente da neurose infantil”, Wulff também se ocupou da tradução de diversas obras de Freud para o russo e o hebraico, além de ter sido médico da família de Serguei Pankeiev (ou o Homem dos Lobos), em Odessa.
Desconexão de cateter para quimioterapia: uma complicação rara?
Authors: Oliveira Alexandre Faraco de , Oliveira Filho Horácio de
Published: January 2017

Resumo A utilização de cateteres totalmente implantáveis no tratamento quimioterápico constitui uma necessidade que acarreta o risco de múltiplas complicações, algumas inerentes à inserção do dispositivo e outras relacionadas ao próprio cateter. Relatamos três casos nos quais o cateter apresentou-se desacoplado de seu respectivo reservatório. No primeiro caso, ocorreu a desconexão do cateter de seu respectivo reservatório, e nos outros dois casos, verificou-se a fragmentação do cateter. Em todos os casos, foi necessária a retirada endovascular do cateter. Tal desfecho é apontado como raro, mas costuma estar presente na maioria das revisões e traz consigo o risco de complicações graves, ainda que frequentemente seja assintomático. É desejável o acompanhamento de pacientes que possuem tais cateteres a fim de que se possa detectar precocemente tais complicações e compreender os fatores que determinam o aparecimento dessas situações.
Trajetória docente e a formação de terapeutas ocupacionais para atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Alves dos Santos , Oliver Fátima Corrêa
Published: January 2017

Objetivou-se identificar e analisar a trajetória docente e a formação de terapeutas ocupacionais para Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) no estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa por meio da realização de entrevistas com 17 docentes de terapia ocupacional. Os dados foram categorizados em dois temas. 1) A trajetória docente foi identificada com a APS a partir de experiências de formação, de prática profissional e de anseios de mudanças para as possibilidades extramuros de atuação territorial e comunitária da terapia ocupacional. 2) As docentes apontaram a realização da formação para APS nos cursos por meio de diferentes estratégias de ensino, pesquisa e extensão. A trajetória docente na APS e a aprendizagem teórico-prática deve ser valorizada na formação de terapeutas ocupacionais para APS.
Multiprofissionalidade e interprofissionalidade em uma residência hospitalar: o olhar de residentes e preceptores
Authors: Araújo Thaise Anataly Maria de , Vasconcelos Ana Claudia Cavalcanti Peixoto de , Pessoa Talitha Rodrigues Ribeiro Fernandes , Forte Franklin Delano Soares
Published: January 2017

Buscou-se compreender a percepção de residentes e preceptores sobre a multiprofissionalidade e a interprofissionalidade de uma Residência Integrada Multiprofissional em Saúde Hospitalar. Foi realizado um estudo com abordagem qualitativa, envolvendo o Grupo Focal como estratégia de produção de dados, apreciados por meio da análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Na prática, os conceitos sobre multiprofissionalidade e interprofissionalidade ainda são fragilizados. Contudo, foram elencadas ferramentas que podem auxiliar nessa efetivação, inclusive, com vistas ao fomento do trabalho colaborativo. Há confusão e dualidade quanto ao (re)conhecimento do papel dos residentes nos cenários de prática. O preceptor consiste em um importante ator nas Residências Multiprofissionais em Saúde. Apesar dos avanços percebidos, a viabilização da interprofissionalidade ainda se configura como um desafio do setor saúde. Nesse contexto, os processos formativos contínuos, com base na educação interprofissional, constituem ferramentas estratégicas.
Disputas inter-capitalistas, biomedicalización y modelo médico hegemónico
Authors: Iriart Celia , Merhy Emerson Elias
Published: January 2017

Este artículo se sitúa en el campo de estudio de los procesos productivos y de la transición tecnológica en el cuidado de salud. Examina la entrada del capital financiero en el sector salud y sus disputas con el complejo médico-industrial. Avanza en la comprensión de cómo los sectores capitalistas, que lideran la reestructuración productiva en salud, apuestan a la potencia de los procesos de creación de nuevas subjetividades en la transformación y consolidación del actual modelo médico hegemónico y en la producción/reproducción de modos de agenciamientos capitalísticos. Usamos el concepto de biomedicalización para entender la radicalización del proceso de medicalización, concepto que se viene mostrando insuficiente para comprender los cambios observados. Comprender estos fenómenos facilita reconocer resistencias y líneas de fuga que posibilitan apuestas no mercantilistas en salud, creadoras de autonomía y valorización de la vida individual y colectiva.