bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE DEVELOPMENT OF FLASHCARD MEDIA TO IMPROVE BILINGUAL ABILITY IN THE KINDERGARTEN
Authors: Youhanita Ety , Nafisah Durrotun , Rachma Evi Aulia , Nurdiana Ratna , Astutik Nur Fithria Wiji
Published: March 2023

Education is one of the important fields or elements in the progress of the State, therefore, the government is currently carrying out an educational revolution which aims to improve the quality of education in the terms of basic and high level learning. One of the efforts to improve the quality of education is by increasing bilingual ability in the kindergarten. Bilingual ability is the ability which use two languages as a means of daily communication, the bilingual ability can be developed through the bilingual learning which is taught early to the students which has the benefit to develops the students' cognitive abilities, and introduces the students to a more diverse foreign culture. To develop the bilingual ability at the basic level, flashcard media will be developed with the aim of improving the bilingual ability in the kindergarten in the group B at Cambodian Kindergarten in Lamongan with the theme of transportation that meets the validity criteria and practicality criteria for the kindergarten students. The test result of the flashcard media of the material experts was 89.9% with very good criteria and the test result of the media experts was 76.8% with good criteria. While the test result of the individual was 91.2% with very good criteria, the test result of the small group was 90.6% with very good criteria and the test result of large group was 92.2% with very good criteria. From the test results, it shows that the development of the flashcard media is suitable with the learning objectives set and the use of flashcard media can achieve the learning objectives to improve the bilingual ability in the kindergarten.
PGSD FKIP UNRI STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES IN ONLINE LEARNING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Hidayati Latifah , Guslinda Guslinda , Zufriady Zufriady
Published: March 2023

The virus is currently spreading around the world and has been labeled as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Every activity is conducted at home, which is called Work From Home (WFH). The transition in the educational system from direct to online learning does certainly influence people’s attitudes, which are the indicator of successful learning. It includes knowledge, comprehension, attitudes, and so on. Based on the description, it was conducted the research entitled "Analysis of Attitudes of PGSD FKIP UNRI Students in Online Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic". Based on the background of the problem, the formulation of the research problem was "how are the attitudes of PGSD FKIP UNRI students in online learning during the covid-19 pandemic?". The type of research used a survey method with a questionnaire as the data collection tool by using a quantitative approach descriptively, which is written words. The research was conducted at PGSD FKIP of Universitas Riau in the odd semester of the 2021/2022 academic year. The population and sample involved 119 students in the year 2019 of PGSD FKIP UNRI. According to the research results, the average score was 67.17 with a good category. At the first indicator, cognitive indicates 74.8 in the good category. At the second indicator, affective implies 67.3 with the good category. At the third indicator, the conative shows 59.42 in the good enough category.
DEVELOPMENT OF PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING-BASED E-MODULES WITH FLIP PDF PRO APPLICATION IN PHYSICS COURSES
Authors: Hidayatullah Afifah , Trisna Silvi , Rahmi Aidhia
Published: March 2023

This paper is based on the lack of students' learning interest in physics courses, which is indicated by the teaching materials used by educators during the learning process. The research in this paper aims to develop problem-based learning of e-glasses modules on momentum and impulse material as well as to determine the validity and practicality of e-modules for students of class X at SMA Negeri 1 Tapung. The type of research is the research and development (R&D) method. The method used is an R&D panel with the ADDIE model. To achieve the goal, several stages of development are analyzing, designing, developing, implementing, and evaluating. In addition, the research result is an electronic module on momentum and impulse material. The validation results of material and media experts on the electronic module achieve a proportion of 81.86%, which is in the very valid category. The practicality of a product seen from the practicality test that was obtained from the results of the practicality sheet for the electronic module is 95.70% and categorized in the very practical category.
EFFECTIVENESS OF CREATIVE PRODUCT LEARNING AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP OF THE LIGHT VEHICLE ENGINEERING PROGRAMME AT SMK NEGERI 1 BINTAN UTARA
Authors: Wulandary Fitria Destika , Sumarno Sumarno , Hendripides Hendripides
Published: March 2023

This paper discusses the effectiveness of creative product learning and entrepreneurship in the light vehicle engineering Programme at Class XII of SMK Negeri 1 Bintan Utara. The method the researchers used was a quantitative descriptive method with a formative evaluation model. The research object was creative product learning and entrepreneurship of class XII. Data collection techniques used tests and observation. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results imply that the presentation for the learning process was 72.5% and students’ learning outcome was 53.85%. Thus, it can be concluded that 1) the creative products and entrepreneurship learning process in the light vehicle engineering program at SMK Negeri 1 Bintan Utara is still in the sufficient category, 2) students’ learning outcome of creative products and entrepreneurship in the light vehicle engineering program at SMK Negeri 1 Bintan Utara is still in the less category, and 3) the effectiveness of creative product learning and entrepreneurship in the light vehicle engineering program at SMK Negeri 1 Bintan Utara is still not effective.
ANALYSIS OF MATHEMATICS QUESTIONS ON THEME 9 AT GRADE V OF RAUDHATUL RAHMAH ISLAMIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PEKANBARU
Authors: Siskowati Eni , Ramadhan Syahrul
Published: March 2023

This paper discusses learning evaluation through test techniques, which are conducted on fifth-grade elementary school students on Mathematics learning subjects. The research is a type of quantitative descriptive research using the ex post facto method. The instrument used was 20 items of math subject matter questions, which were collected through a written test technique on students. The data obtained were analyzed using the Rasch Model assisted by the Winstep program through an empirical validity process, which includes validity, reliability, and difficulty level tests. The results indicate that in the validity test, items were invalid. In the reliability test, there were 2 reliabilities, Person Reliability was categorized as very good and Item Reliability was categorized as weak. Whereas on the results of the question difficulty level was categorized as very difficult. The implication of the research is that the research can be a reference for other researchers in conducting research on identifying and analyzing question items. When designing the questions, it is expected that a review will be carried out regarding the material that will be discussed on the test.
IMPLEMENTATION OF PEER LESSONS LEARNING STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION LEARNING OUTCOMES FOR NINTH-GRADE STUDENTS D AT SMPN 4 TAMBANG KAMPAR
Authors: Husnidar Husnidar
Published: March 2023

This paper is based on the students’ low learning outcomes of Islamic Religious Education at Class IX.D of SMPN 4 Tambang. The purpose of the classroom action research is to describe whether the application of Peer Lessons learning strategies can improve students’ learning outcomes of Islamic Religious Education at class IX.D of SMPN 4 Tambang on the subject of Fiqh or not, which was conducted for one month. The research subjects involved 30 Class IX.D students at SMPN 4 Tambang. The type of research was classroom action research. The research instrument consisted of learning achievement tests and data collection instruments, which were teacher and student activities observation sheets. Based on the discussion and analysis results as presented previously, it can be concluded that the Peer Lessons learning strategy could improve students’ learning outcomes on the Fiqh learning at Class IX.D of SMPN 4 Tambang. In the pre-cycle, the average was 66.3. The average score of students’ learning outcomes in cycle I increased to 72.3. In addition, in cycle II there was also an improvement with an average score of 79.5 in the good category. It proves that the Peer Lessons learning strategy can improve students’ learning outcomes at class IX.D of SMPN 4 Tambang.
ULUSLARARASI ADALET DİVANI’NIN NİKARAGUA–KOLOMBİYA KARARINDA DÜZ ESAS HATLAR HAKKINDAKİ TESPİTLERİNE İLİŞKİN BAZI GÖZLEMLER
Authors: BAYILLIOĞLU Uğur
Published: March 2023

Uluslararası Adalet Divan’ı, Nikaragua ile Kolombiya arasındaki davada verdiği kararında, deniz hukukunun tartışmalı konularından biri olan düz esas hatlar hakkında önemli tespitler yapmıştır. Bu tespitler esas itibariyle önceki içtihatla ve doktrinle uyum arz etmektir. Bu bağlamda, BMDHS’nin düz esas hatlar üzerindeki dizaynı, makullük, istisnailik ve dar yorum üzerine bina edilmiştir. Böylece, çok özel bir coğrafyada, sınırlı bir uygulama alanına hasredilmiştir. Divan’ın ada dizisi şartı açısından zikrettiği 75 millik sayısal değerin, her coğrafya açısından geçerli olmadığı açıktır. Yine de Divan’ın vurgusuna mazhar olması önemlidir. Zira ileride devletlerce benimsenme ve normatif değer kazanma potansiyeline sahiptir. Yine esas hatların iç sınırı oluşturmaları nedeniyle deniz alanlarının yan ve dış sınırlarını etkileyecekleri açıktır. Bu etkiyi yapan aşırı iddia ve uygulamalara karşı diğer devletlerin itirazı da devletlerin düz esas hatların istisnailiği konusundaki normatif tutumunu göstermektedir. Keza her zaman itiraza maruz kalmayan ve insanlığın ortak mirası statüsündeki deniz alanlarına tecavüz eden aşırı düz esas hat iddiaları da geçerlilik taşımamaktadır.
MİRASÇININ MİRASBIRAKANI ARAYIP SORMAMASI, MİRASBIRAKANA İLGİ GÖSTERMEMESİ, ANNE VE BABASINA HABER VERMEDEN ONLARIN TANIMADIĞI BİRİYLE EVLENMESİ MİRASÇILIKTAN ÇIKARMA SEBEBİ OLABİLİR Mİ? YARGITAY 3. HUKUK DAİRESİNİN 26.01.2021 TARİHLİ VE E. 2019/5571 K. 2021/471 SAYILI KARARININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: BİRİNCİ UZUN Tuba , DÖRTTEPE OKUTAN Ayşegül
Published: March 2023

Yargıtay 3. Hukuk Dairesinin 26.01.2021 tarihli ve E. 2019/5571 K. 2021/471 sayılı kararına konu olayda mirasbırakan; davacı mirasçı kızının anne ve babasının rızası bulunmaksızın evden ayrıldığını, haber vermeden anne ve babasının tanımadığı biriyle evlendiğini, bayramlarda ve önemli günlerde ailesini aramadığını, boşandıktan sonra eski eşiyle nikâhsız olarak yaşamaya devam ettiğini, rica minnet üzerine zoraki eve geldiği son dönemde de anne ve babasına yabancı biri gibi davrandığını ve etrafa özel hayatı ile geçmişi hakkında bazı şeyler anlatarak anne ve babasını kötülediğini ileri sürmüş ve aile hukukundan doğan yükümlülüklerini önemli ölçüde yerine getirmediğinden bahisle davacı mirasçı kızını mirasçılıktan çıkarmıştır. İlgili Yargıtay kararında, ileri sürülen vakıaların mirasçılıktan çıkarma sebebi sayılabilecek nitelik ve nicelikte bulunduğu, davacının anne ve babasına karşı olan aile hukukundan doğan yükümlülüklerini büyük ve kusurlu davranışlarıyla yerine getirmediği belirtilmiştir. Ancak, Yargıtay’ın bu kararının gerekçesi, Türk Medeni Kanunu’nun 510. maddesine uygun olmadığı gibi, Yargıtay Hukuk Genel Kurulu’nun da aksi yönde bazı kararları vardır.
FRANSIZ HUKUKU'NDA VENTE AMIABLE (DOSTANE SATIŞ) KURUMU
Authors: BOLAYIR Nur
Published: March 2023

İcra ve İflâs Kanunu’na 111/a maddesi eklenerek, yeni bir satış usûlü kabul edilmiştir. Bu çerçevede, borçluya satış yetkisi tanınarak, borçlu kendine ait malı bizzat paraya çevirme imkânına kavuşmuştur. Hukukumuzda bu yönde bir düzenlemeye yer verilmesi, Fransız Hukuku’ndaki benzer bir düzenleme olan “vente amiable” kurumunun araştırılmasını, ilgili kurumun İcra ve İflâs Kanunu’nun 111/a maddesi ile arasındaki benzerliklerin ve farklılıkların incelenmesini gerekli kılmıştır. Hukukumuzdaki düzenlemede, Fransız Hukuku’ndaki düzenlemenin aksine, taşınır mallar ile taşınmazlar arasında bir ayırım yapılmamış; tüm malların paraya çevrilmesi aynı düzenlemeye tâbi tutulmuştur. Bunun yanı sıra, Fransız Hukuku’nda alacaklının veya alacaklıların satış süreci boyunca son derece aktif bir konumda bulunup, tüm işlemleri denetleme imkânına sahipler iken; hukukumuzda, satış işlemine ilişkin süreç boyunca alacaklının veya alacaklıların itiraz edebilmelerine, borçluyu denetlemelerine ilişkin herhangi bir düzenleme öngörülmemiş; sürecin yürütülmesi tamamen borçlunun iradesine terk edilmiş; borçlunun, satış için gerekli asgari bedeli ödeyebilecek bir alıcı bulması ve söz konusu bedelin on beş gün içerisinde yatırılması yeterli kabul edilmiştir.
KAHRAMANMARAŞ DEPREMLERİNİN YARATTIĞI ZARARLARIN GİDERİMİNDE ALTERNATİF BİR ÖNERİ: TAŞINMAZLARIN VERDİĞİ ZARARLARIN ÜRÜN SORUMLULUĞU KAPSAMINDA TAZMİNİ
Authors: ORAL Tuğçe
Published: March 2023

Kahramanmaraş’ın Pazarcık ve Elbistan ilçelerinde meydana gelen depremlerin ardından ne yazık ki çok sayıda vatandaşımız can vermiş ve birçok vatandaşımız da yaralanmıştır. Bu can kayıpları ve yaralanmalara sebep olan binaların müteahhitlerinin ya da müteahhitlerle birlikte onların tedarikçilerinin tazminat sorumluluklarına hangi hükümler kapsamında gidilebileceği, bu hükümlerde kusurun kanıtlanmasının gerekip gerekmediği ve zamanaşımı süreleri de dikkate alınarak değerlendirilmek gerekmektedir. Makalede, öncelikle bu can kayıpları ve yaralanmalara sebep olan binaların müteahhitlerinin ya da müteahhitlerle birlikte onların tedarikçilerinin tazminat sorumluluklarına 7223 sayılı Ürün Güvenliği ve Teknik Düzenlemeler Kanunu kapsamında gidilebilip gidilemeyeceği tartışılmıştır. Bu çerçevede, ilk olarak ürün sorumluluğunun hukuki niteliği tespit edilmiş, ardından sorumluluğun şartları incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, Kanun’daki ürün tanımında verilen eşya teriminin içine taşınmazların girip girmediği belirlenmiş, sonrasında da Kanun kapsamında tazmin edilebilecek zarar kalemlerinin neler olduğu ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonrasında imalatçı kavramı, imalatçının sorumluluktan kurtulma sebepleri, imalatçının rücu hakkı üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışmada son olarak, ürün sorumluluğunun hangi andan itibaren doğduğu ve Türk Borçlar Kanunu’nun 60. maddesi dikkate alınarak, ürün sorumluluğunun sözleşmesel sorumlulukla yarışıp yarışmadığı sorularına cevap aranmaya çalışılmıştır.
ROLE OF SUSTAINABLE FORAGE PRODUCTION IN REDUCING THE RISKS OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS)
Authors: PAVLOVICh Lyudmila
Published: March 2023

The article presents an overview of the key trends in the development of animal husbandry in the Republic of Belarus. The main risks in the functioning of the industry are identified. The role of sustainable fodder production in the neutralization of certain negative phenomena is considered and the main trends in its development in agricultural organizations at the present stage are analyzed. A set of organizational and economic instruments for the creation and effective use of a solid forage base by large-scale agricultural enterprises is proposed.
ISSUES OF THE PREVENTION OF METABOLIC DISORDERS IN MILKING COWS: PROTEIN AND ENERGY NUTRITION
Authors: Krupin Evgeniy
Published: March 2023

The influence of EPC-1 and EPC-2, used as part of the diets of dairy cows, as elements of the system of energy, protein and mineral nutrition, on the level of macronutrients in the blood of cows, as well as the content of dry matter, macroelements in milk, the dynamics of milk productivity of animals. Studies of biochemical parameters of blood serum were performed on a semi-automatic biochemical analyzer BS-3000M. The level of macroelements in milk was determined by the titrimetric method according to GOST ISO 12081-2013 for calcium and by the spectrometric method according to GOST 31980-2012 for phosphorus. The milk productivity of cows was determined according to the results of control milkings. Studies have established that the use of EPC in the diet of cows had an impact on the content of macroelements in the blood serum of animals, cows' milk and affects the level of dry matter in it. The severity of the established changes depends on the composition fed by EPC
NURSERY SELECTIONS AS THE BASIS IN THE BREEDING OF CREEPING CLOVER IN VARIOUS BREEDING PROGRAMS
Authors: IVANOVA Alina
Published: March 2023

The results of research in nurseries for the selection of creeping clover are presented. In 2022, in 5 nurseries for the selection of creeping clover, a selection of homogeneous and distinguishable genotypes of creeping clover for various purposes was carried out, such as feed and seed productivity, early maturity, the presence of genetic markers and different ploidy.
RESULTS OF SELECTION OF NEW ALFALFA SAMPLES
Authors: Lomov Mikhail , Piskovatsky Yuri
Published: March 2023

The results of breeding studies conducted at the Central Experimental Base of the
V. R. Williams Federal Research Center for Animal Feed in the Central Region of the Non-Chernozem Zone of the Russian Federation are presented. Brief data on new alfalfa samples created in the alfalfa breeding department are presented. The research involves simple and complex hybrids of different types and varieties of alfalfa. The purpose of the research is to select samples based on valuable economic and biological properties: winter hardiness, leafiness, height of herbage, precocity, growth rates, lodging and seed productivity. Alfalfa is a culture that is characterized by ecological plasticity, longevity, capable of solving the problem of eliminating the deficiency of vegetable protein in the diets of farm animals in many regions of Russia. It can be used as a legume component of grass mixtures on pastures and hayfields of the Non-Chernozem zone. It is known that the use of mineral nitrogen in meadow farming and field forage production is limited due to high energy costs in the production of nitrogen fertilizers. Therefore, the need for nitrogen in meadows and pastures should be met at the expense of legume-cereal grass mixtures, for which it is necessary to create new varieties of legumes, in particular alfalfa variable or hybrid. Alfalfa in our country, due to the wide variety of species and ecotypes, has the widest cultivation area compared to other perennial grasses. But for the extreme conditions of the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia, it is considered a relatively new culture. Of all the known species for the Non-Chernozem zone, the most adapted are variable alfalfa (Medicago varia Mart.), yellow alfalfa (Medicago falcate L.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).
STUDY AND EVALUATION OF PRODUCTIVITY A NEW BREEDING MATERIAL OF SANDY SAINFOIN IN THE STEPPE CONDITIONS OF THE CENTRAL BLACK EARTH REGION
Authors: Saprykin Sergey , Saprykina Natal'ya , Lyubtseva Olga
Published: March 2023

The results of evaluation of new breeding material of sainfoin in a breeding nursery are presented. The objects of the research were 23 breeding specimens of Onobrychis arenaria. According to the complex of valuable economic characteristics promising variety samples were singled out, which exceeded the standard in green mass and dry matter productivity by 25.2–36.6 and 31.4–45.0%, respectively; in seed productivity — by 35.1–57.1%. In the future, these forms will be studied in the competitive variety trials.
BOTANICAL COMPOSITION AND YIELD OF AGROPHYTOCENOSES OF PASTURE USE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE NORTH-WEST OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: PRYaDIL'SchIKOVA Elena , VAHRUShEVA Vera , ChERNYShEVA Ol'ga
Published: March 2023

The results of scientific research conducted since 2017 on the experimental field of SZNIIMLPH of the Vologda region on the impact of perennial cereal and legume-grass species on the botanical composition and yield of pasture agrophytocenoses of the North-West of the Russian Federation are presented. It was found that legume-grass mixtures with the inclusion of Festulolium or pasture ryegrass were the best compared to the control variant in terms of yield. The yield of these grass mixtures was significantly different from the control and amounted to 8.4 and 8.2 t/ha, respectively.
EXPLORING OF A COLLECTION OF PERENNIAL LEGUMINOUS GRASSES
Authors: Makarenkov Mikhail
Published: March 2023

In the field, 29 collectible samples of legume feed plants from the gene pool of the VIK Williams FNC were studied. The data on chemical composition (dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude ash, crude fat), precocity, height and discoloration of plants, grass strength and leaf size are presented. Promising forms for use in selection programs are highlighted.
Play Method As Learning Technology In Early Children's Education (PAUD)
Authors: Charunnissa Indri
Published: March 2023

Play is a fun and natural characteristic of every child. Play is also inseparable in early childhood education. When playing, children can learn various skills. Early childhood education prepares students readiness to enter further education. In addition, students need learning activities that support multiple intelligences.  This paper discusses a game called Mini Gobak Sodor game. This study uses descriptive-analytic method. This game is an adaptation of traditional Gobak Sodor game with simple and available materials. The content of the game is a religious topic about Islam, including the Five Pillars of Islamic Principles. Children aged 5-6-years old can play this game. The game can be played by four players. The game consists of a drawing divided into six parts. Each part represents pillar of faith in Islamic religion. Each player runs a pawn on the drawing. The study found that the game applied the developmentally appropriate practice (DAP) concept. Therefore in children's education, DAP will allow educators to develop children skills by involving 4 basic components including knowledge, skills, dispositions, and feelings.
MICROFONES E HOLOFOTES REDIRECIONADOS: NA CAPTURA DOS AUTO-RETRATOS DOS DIRIGENTES DA ARTE
Authors: Périgo Katiucya
Published: March 2023

O pesquisador da arte freqüentemente recorre a métodos de pesquisa oferecidos poroutras áreas do conhecimento. As experiências dos historiadores, por exemplo, inspiram inúmeraspossibilidades de pesquisa, dentre as quais destaco a História Oral. A crescente produção de textosvoltados à importância, à construção, ao uso, às especificidades da fonte oral aliada í ssurpreendentes possibilidades de indagação dessa fonte tem seduzido pesquisadores que, como eu,trabalham com a história da arte recente. Neste texto descrevo uma experiência de uso da fonte orale especulo sobre o ponto de vista dos burocratas da arte, aqueles que constituem o meio artí­sticooficial consagrando nomes, destronando-os ou condenando-os ao esquecimento.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: pesquisa em arte; história oral; história da arte paranaense do século XX;
VIDAS SECAS: DA LITERATURA AO CINEMA UMA REFLEXÃO SOBRE SUAS POSSIBILIDADES EDUCATIVAS
Authors: Sirino Salete Paulina Machado
Published: March 2023

Este trabalho, de caráter bibliográfico, busca desvelar as possibilidades educativas defilmes do Cinema Nacional produzidos a partir da Literatura Brasileira, argumentando que podem serutilizados como recurso didático tecnológico audiovisual, para desenvolver a consciência crí­tica dosalunos e a cidadania. Assim, seleciona o filme Vidas Secas, para demonstrar algumas daspossibilidades de utilização no campo educativo.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: cinema nacional; literatura e cinema; educação.
O DRAMA WAGNERIANO E O PAPEL DE ADOLPHE APPIA EM SUAS TRANSFORMAÇÕES CÊNICAS
Authors: Dudeque Norton
Published: March 2023

Este trabalho aborda inovações teorizadas e propostas para a ópera de RichardWagner (1813-1883) com o conceito de Gesamtkunstwerk e a reforma cênica concebida porAdolphe Appia (1862-1928) para o drama wagneriano. Discute-se o papel igualitário dasdiversas formas artí­sticas na ópera de Wagner e a hierarquização feita por Appia. Finalmente,realiza-se uma comparação entre cenografias tradicionais para Parsifal de Wagner e aspropostas de Appia para a mesma obra.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Wagner e Appia, Gesamtkunstwerk, cenografia na ópera.
DAS PONTES AOS CASTIÇAIS: A PRODUÇÃO DE MOBILIÁRIO ARTÍSTICO EM MINAS GERAIS DO SÉCULO XVIII E OS OFÍCIOS MECÂNICOS
Authors: Brandão Angela
Published: March 2023

Este texto parte de um exemplo emblemático: um conjunto de cadeiras episcopais demadeira entalhada, atribuí­do a Antônio Francisco Lisboa. Se observarmos trabalhos de tantos artesãosanônimos no contexto de Antônio Francisco Lisboa, encontraremos uma versatilidade semelhante e amesma capacidade de transitar entre grandes obras de construção em madeira e peças de pequenoformato. A idéia de totalidade artí­stica poderia ser compreendida como sobreposição de atividadesentre os distintos ofí­cios em Minas Gerais, século XVIII e começos do XIX.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Antônio Francisco Lisboa; mobiliário brasileiro; barroco mineiro; rococómineiro.
MOVIMENTOS CINEMATOGRÁFICOS NA AMÉRICA LATINA
Authors: Stecz Solange Straube
Published: March 2023

Este artigo traça um rápido painel dos principais movimentos cinematográficos que,influenciados pelo pensamento de esquerda, se espalharam pela América Latina nos anos 60/70. Oestudo indica que um novo cinema para uma nova sociedade era a palavra de ordem nos anos 60/70 naAmérica Latina. Uma câmera na mão e uma ideia na cabeça documentavam a vida da pessoa latinoamericana,produziam um cinema junto ao povo, necessariamente anti-imperialista ou um cinemaimperfeito, engajado, militante e em oposição ao entretenimento escapista de Hollywood.PALAVRAS CHAVE: cinema, América Latina, processos criativos.
O corpo falante: narrativas e inscrições num corpo imaginário na pintura acadêmica do século XIX
Authors: Batista Stephanie Dahn
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo procura analisar a inscrição discursiva nas representações de nus em obras da pintura acadêmica brasileira durante o segundo Império, perí­odo no qual se percebe uma transição nas produçõe s no Rio de Janeiro: de um corpo, a princí­pio idealizado e enredado em narrativas mitológicas ou literárias (nude), para um corpo real, chamado nu moderno (naked). As várias representações do corpo imaginário indicam negociações que dizem respeito ao discurso do corpo, às relações sociais, às normas e aos valores de uma sociedade.Palavras-chave: narrativas do corpo imaginário - nu em representação - pintura acadêmica século XIX
Effects of fission and mitophagy on mitochondrial functionality under accelerated damage conditions: A mathematical modeling approach
Authors: Zamora-Ramírez Ángel J. , Santillán Moisés
Published: March 2023

There is growing evidence that mitochondrial dynamics play a role in mitochondrial function quality control. Recent studies have discovered that physical activity can aid in maintaining a healthy mitochondrial population and may even counteract the mitochondrial damage caused by obesity by modifying mitochondrial dynamics processes like mitogenesis, fission, and mitophagy. However, the underlying mechanisms and how they influence the various processes of mitochondrial dynamics have not been completely clarified. This study seeks to make an initial effort to fill this gap by utilizing mathematical modeling to investigate how modifications to the processes involved in mitochondrial dynamics can aid in preserving a healthy mitochondrial population under conditions of accelerated damage. We found by analyzing the model stationary behavior that fission and mitophagy are strictly required for a healthy mitochondrial population, that increasing the rate of mitochondrial damage has a negative impact on the population of functional mitochondria, and that such damage can be mitigated to some extent by increasing fission and/or mitophagy rates. These findings are finally discussed in the context of the benefits of physical activity for mitochondrial population health in obese individuals.
Equality, diversity and inclusion: A way forward for aquaculture in Scotland
Authors: Kelling Ingrid , Lawan Ibrahim
Published: March 2023

This paper focuses on the importance of equality, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) in the aquaculture industry, with a particular emphasis on the sector in Scotland. Aquaculture is a particularly important industry when it comes to EDI, given its potential to address Sustainable Development Goals on gender equality and diversity. The paper highlights the increasing attention being paid to EDI in many areas and the significant benefits to businesses that adopt EDI policies, including improved reputation, increased innovation, and greater profitability. This paper draws on a survey of EDI in Scottish aquaculture, a workshop and interviews with industry experts to suggest concrete actions that could improve EDI in the sector. A key priority is the collection and publication of workforce data in Scottish aquaculture as well as industry champions who raise awarenes and promote EDI, and supporting cross-sector organizations who provide EDI training. We conclude by calling for more research to support the development of EDI in Scottish aquaculture, which will contribute to future resilience and fairness as well as a dynamic, relevant, and accessible industry.
Spatial sterol metabolism unveiled by stimulated Raman imaging
Authors: Zhang Yongqing , Zhou Yihui , Fang Wen , Zhu Hanlin , Ye Cunqi , Zhang Delong , Lee Hyeon Jeong
Published: March 2023

Graphical Abstract

High-resolution stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) imaging of a genetically engineered model (GEM) enables metabolite imaging in a yeast model and uncovers an unexpected regulatory mechanism of sterol metabolism, providing new insights underpinning the distributional and functional importance of sterol in cells. SRS-GEM demonstrates a promising platform to explore unknown metabolic mechanisms beyond the reach of conventional approaches.
Parent-child neural similarity: Measurements, antecedents, and consequences
Authors: Qu Yang , Zhou Zexi , Lee Tae-Ho
Published: March 2023

Children and their parents are wired to connect as it provides the foundation for developing children to adapt to an increasingly complex environment. Although extensive studies demonstrate the importance of parent-child dyadic similarity at the behavioral, psychological, and physiological levels in fostering children's learning and psychological wellbeing, little is known about parent-child similarity at the neural level until recently. Drawing on our own work and the work by other scholars, this review summarizes recent advances in empirical research on parent-child neural similarity. Specifically, this review elaborates the theoretical importance of studying parent-child neural similarity and showcases how parent-child neural similarity is assessed using different neuroimaging approaches. We further synthesize empirical evidence about the contextual and individual factors that may contribute to variability in parent-child neural similarity, summarize how such neural similarity is related to different aspects of child adjustment, and highlight important directions for future research. Taken together, we hope that this integrative review can demonstrate cutting-edge research that explores neural similarity in parent-child dyads, and provide researchers with a clear roadmap to examine parent-child neural similarity in order to gain a better understanding of parental socialization process and brain development.
Evaluating simple measures of spatial-temporal overlap as a proxy for encounter risk between a protected species and commercial fishery
Authors: Hatch Joshua M. , Murray Kimberly T. , Patel Samir , Smolowitz Ronald , Haas Heather L.
Published: March 2023

Spatial and temporal assessments of overlap are becoming increasingly popular as indicators of encounter risk. The overlap in distributions between protected species and commercial fishing effort is of interest for reducing bycatch. We explored overlap between the U.S. Atlantic sea scallop fishery and loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) using 2 metrics, and we assessed the ability of one of those metrics to track estimated fishery interactions over time. Moderate overlap occurred between June - September; mild overlap in the spring (May) and fall (October - November); and relatively little overlap from December to April. Qualitatively, there appeared to be some correspondence between the overlap values averaged across months for each calendar year and published annual loggerhead interaction estimates with fisheries, but the predictive performance of the overlap metric was low. When data on the relative distributions of commercial fishing effort and protected species are available, simple measures of spatial and temporal overlap can provide a quick and cost-effective way to identify when and where bycatch is likely to occur. In this case study, however, overlap was limited in helping to understand the relative susceptibility of protected species to commercial fishing (i.e., magnitude of interactions). We therefore caution against using overlap as a meaningful predictor of absolute risk unless there is direct evidence to suggest a relationship.
The role of autophagy in cardiovascular disease: Cross-interference of signaling pathways and underlying therapeutic targets
Authors: Jiang Bing , Zhou Xuan , Yang Tao , Wang Linlin , Feng Longfei , Wang Zheng , Xu Jin , Jing Weiyao , Wang Tao , Su Haixiang , Yang GuoWei , Zhang Zheng
Published: March 2023

Autophagy is a conserved lysosomal pathway for the degradation of cytoplasmic proteins and organelles, which realizes the metabolic needs of cells and the renewal of organelles. Autophagy-related genes (ATGs) are the main molecular mechanisms controlling autophagy, and their functions can coordinate the whole autophagic process. Autophagy can also play a role in cardiovascular disease through several key signaling pathways, including PI3K/Akt/mTOR, IGF/EGF, AMPK/mTOR, MAPKs, p53, Nrf2/p62, Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB pathways. In this paper, we reviewed the signaling pathway of cross-interference between autophagy and cardiovascular diseases, and analyzed the development status of novel cardiovascular disease treatment by targeting the core molecular mechanism of autophagy as well as the critical signaling pathway. Induction or inhibition of autophagy through molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways can provide therapeutic benefits for patients. Meanwhile, we hope to provide a unique insight into cardiovascular treatment strategies by understanding the molecular mechanism and signaling pathway of crosstalk between autophagy and cardiovascular diseases.
Infrasound waves and sulfur dioxide emissions caused by the 2022 Hunga volcanic eruption, Tonga
Authors: Bai Ling , Liu Chaoya , Ji Yingfeng , Zhu Weiling
Published: March 2023

A powerful volcanic eruption that occurred in Tonga on 15 January 2022, produced strong vibrations in the atmosphere, ocean, and solid Earth. We identify infrasound waves traveling with an apparent velocity of 0.31 km/s up to 10,000 km from Tonga in seismic and tsunami recordings. Clear signals of these infrasound waves with a fundamental model of Lamb wave are evident before the shallow-water gravity wave and after the Rayleigh and body waves. The pressure amplitudes of the infrasound waves at stations of 400–1000 km from the eruption are 5–10 hPa. The infrasound wave generated trans-Pacific tsunami waves to arrive 4–5 h earlier than the gravity waves of regular tsunami in the populated countries near the Pacific oceans. We use numerical simulation methods for the oceanic plate subduction zone in Tonga to estimate the pressure-temperature fields and the desulfurization at shallow depths. The simulated total sulfur dioxide released during the eruption ranges from 0.4 to 2.0 Tg. This is small in comparison with previous studies of comparable infrasound pressures. The total emission and sulfur dioxide amounts may have been controlled by the amount of sulfur contained in the subducted plate as well as the pressure and temperature conditions of the subduction zones.
The impact of preparatory activities on the largest clinical aptitude test for prospective medical students in Germany
Authors: Weppert Daniel , Amelung Dorothee , Escher Malvin , Troll Leander , Kadmon Martina , Listunova Lena , Montasser Jana
Published: March 2023

Background

Aptitude tests are widely used for selecting medical students. Although their validity has been well documented, aptitude tests are sometimes suspected to create unequal opportunity for candidate groups with lower socioeconomic status due to limited resources (i.e., time, money, support) for preparatory activities. This study aims to explore how preparatory activities and money spent on preparation affect the results of the German aptitude Test for Medical Studies (TMS).

Methods

A standardized questionnaire was administered to all medical school applicants who sat the TMS in 2018. Participants were asked about the amount of time and money spent on different preparatory activities (i.e., information booklet, books, computer, study groups, and fee-based training courses) and their level of motivation during preparation. Univariate and multivariate multiple regressions were used to examine the influence of these variables on the TMS test score and its subtests.

Results

N = 7903 participants completed the questionnaire. Only preparation with books and training courses were significantly associated with an increase in the TMS total score. Self-reported motivation during preparation had a larger effect on test scores than money spent on preparation. However, all effect sizes were rather small. At the subtest level, preparation with books was the only activity which was significantly associated with an improvement in all subtests. The complex field-specific subtests were less associated with preparation than the less complex subtests.

Conclusion

The findings indicate that motivation may be a more important predictor for success in the TMS than money spent on preparation. As books were the most effective and cost-efficient way of preparation, financial investments for test preparation do not appear to yield significant advantages, which is an important prerequisite for equal opportunity. Using more field-specific subtests and cost-free online training opportunities could be useful in further improving equal opportunity.
ZBTB7A as a novel vulnerability in neuroendocrine prostate cancer
Authors: Bae Song Yi , Bergom Hannah E. , Day Abderrahman , Greene Joseph T. , Sychev Zoi E. , Larson Gabrianne , Corey Eva , Plymate Stephen R. , Freedman Tanya S. , Hwang Justin H. , Drake Justin M.
Published: March 2023

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is a highly aggressive subtype of prostate cancer. NEPC is characterized by the loss of androgen receptor (AR) signaling and transdifferentiation toward small-cell neuroendocrine (SCN) phenotypes, which results in resistance to AR-targeted therapy. NEPC resembles other SCN carcinomas clinically, histologically and in gene expression. Here, we leveraged SCN phenotype scores of various cancer cell lines and gene depletion screens from the Cancer Dependency Map (DepMap) to identify vulnerabilities in NEPC. We discovered ZBTB7A, a transcription factor, as a candidate promoting the progression of NEPC. Cancer cells with high SCN phenotype scores showed a strong dependency on RET kinase activity with a high correlation between RET and ZBTB7A dependencies in these cells. Utilizing informatic modeling of whole transcriptome sequencing data from patient samples, we identified distinct gene networking patterns of ZBTB7A in NEPC versus prostate adenocarcinoma. Specifically, we observed a robust association of ZBTB7A with genes promoting cell cycle progression, including apoptosis regulating genes. Silencing ZBTB7A in a NEPC cell line confirmed the dependency on ZBTB7A for cell growth via suppression of the G1/S transition in the cell cycle and induction of apoptosis. Collectively, our results highlight the oncogenic function of ZBTB7A in NEPC and emphasize the value of ZBTB7A as a promising therapeutic strategy for targeting NEPC tumors.
Central sensitivity to thyroid hormones is reduced in youths with overweight or obesity and impaired glucose tolerance
Authors: Di Bonito Procolo , Corica Domenico , Licenziati Maria Rosaria , Di Sessa Anna , Miraglia del Giudice Emanuele , Faienza Maria Felicia , Calcaterra Valeria , Franco Francesca , Maltoni Giulio , Valerio Giuliana , Wasniewska Malgorzata
Published: March 2023

Background

Thyroid hormones (TH) play multiple effects on glucose metabolism. Some recent studies carried out in adult patients suggested an association between altered sensitivity to TH and type 2 diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. No studies are currently available on the presence of altered sensitivity to the action of TH in youths with prediabetes.

Objective

To evaluate the relationship between sensitivity to TH and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥ 5.7% in youths with overweight/obesity (OW/OB).

Materials and methods

This cross-sectional study included 805 Caucasian youths with OW or OB (aged 6-18 years) recruited at seven Italian centers for the care of OW/OB. Individuals with TH out of the normal range of TH in each center were excluded. The fT3/fT4 ratio was evaluated to assess peripheral sensitivity, while TSH index (TSHI), Thyrotroph T4 Resistance Index (TT4RI), Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index (TFQI) and Parametric TFQI were calculated to assess central sensitivity.

Results

Youths with IGT (n =72) showed higher levels of TSH (3.08 ± 0.98 vs 2.68 ± 0.98 mIU/L, P =0.001), TSHI (3.06 ± 0.51 vs 2.85 ± 0.53, P =0.001), TT4RI (46.00 ± 17.87 vs 38.65 ± 16.27, P <0.0001), TFQI [1.00 (0.97-1.00) vs 1.00 (0.99-1.00)], P=0.034), PTFQI (0.67 ± 0.20 vs 0.60 ± 0.22, P =0.007) compared to youths without IGT (n =733), independently of centers and age. No differences were observed for fT3/fT4-ratio. The others phenotypes of prediabetes were not associated with altered sensitivity to TH. Odds ratio of IGT raised of 1-7-fold for each increase of 1 mIU/L in TSH (P =0.010), 1 unit in TSH Index (P =0.004), TT4RI (P =0.003) or PTFQI (P =0.018), independently of centers, age, and prepubertal stage.

Conclusion

IGT was associated with a reduced central sensitivity to TH in youths with OW/OB. Our finding suggests that IGT phenotype, known to be associated with an altered cardiometabolic risk profile, might also be associated with an impaired TH homeostasis in youths with OW/OB.
The causal effects of thyroid function and lipids on cholelithiasis: A Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Chen Junhong , Zhou Hao , Jin Hengwei , Liu Kai
Published: March 2023

Objective

To investigate the relationship between function of thyroid, lipids, and cholelithiasis and to identify whether lipids mediate the causal relationship between function of thyroid and cholelithiasis.

Methods

A Mendelian randomization (MR) study of two samples was performed to determine the association of thyroid function with cholelithiasis. A two-step MR was also performed to identify whether lipid metabolism traits mediate the effects of thyroid function on cholelithiasis. A method of inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median method, maximum likelihood, MR-Egger, MR-robust adjusted profile score (MR-RAPS) method, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test (MR-PRESSO) methods were utilized to obtain MR estimates.

Results

The IVW method revealed that FT4 levels were correlated with an elevated risk of cholelithiasis (OR: 1.149, 95% CI: 1.082–1.283, P = 0.014). Apolipoprotein B (OR: 1.255, 95% CI: 1.027–1.535, P = 0.027) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (OR: 1.354, 95% CI: 1.060–1.731, P = 0.016) were also correlated with an elevated risk of cholelithiasis. The IVW method demonstrated that FT4 levels were correlated with the elevated risk of apolipoprotein B (OR: 1.087, 95% CI: 1.019–1.159, P = 0.015) and LDL-C (OR: 1.084, 95% CI: 1.018–1.153, P = 0.012). Thyroid function and the risk of cholelithiasis are mediated by LDL-C and apolipoprotein B. LDL-C and apolipoprotein B had 17.4% and 13.5% of the mediatory effects, respectively.

Conclusions

We demonstrated that FT4, LDL-C, and apolipoprotein B had significant causal effects on cholelithiasis, with evidence that LDL-C and apolipoprotein B mediated the effects of FT4 on cholelithiasis risk. Patients with high FT4 levels should be given special attention because they may delay or limit the long-term impact on cholelithiasis risk.
Sustainability reports: Differences between developing and developed countries
Authors: Kvasničková Stanislavská Lucie , Pilař Ladislav , Fridrich Martin , Kvasnička Roman , Pilařová Lucie , Afsar Bilal , Gorton Matthew
Published: March 2023

Achieving sustainability is a major challenge faced by many societies. The increasing moral consciousness of stakeholders has put pressure on companies, forcing these companies to include long-term policies that reflect the regionally specific needs of stakeholders. Using a structural topic model, this study identified differences between developing and developed countries with respect to sustainability disclosures. Data were obtained from 2100 sustainability reports published in the United Nations Global Compact database for the year 2020. In global terms, these sustainability reports addressed three main topics: 1) human rights, 2) diversity, equity, and inclusion, and 3) sustainable production. Moreover, the sustainability reports from developing and developed countries incorporated different communication strategies. Based on the prevalence (rate of occurrence) of content, sustainability reports from developed countries predominantly communicated issues related to “sustainable production” and “supply chain emissions”, whereas sustainability reports from developing countries more frequently communicated issues related to “education” and “human rights".
Regional differences in the green use level of cultivated land in the Heilongjiang reclamation area
Authors: Du Guoming , Xie Jing , Hou Dawei , Yu Fengrong
Published: March 2023

Scientific understanding of the connotation of Green Use of Cultivated Land (GU-CL) is important to promote sustainable use of cultivated land. This study aims to analyze the regional heterogeneity of the Green Use Level of Cultivated Land (GUL-CL) in Heilongjiang Reclamation Area (HRA). Using entropy power method and coupled coordination degree model, statistical analysis was carried out based on the data of the HRA in 2020. The results show that the degree of GUL-CL in the study area is generally well-developed, but internal differences exist. Specifically, the GUL-CL ranges from 0.590 to 38.179, with a mean value of 8.818. Additionally, 29.204% of the total farms are above the higher level, mainly in Jiansanjiang and Baoquanling. In environmental friendliness practices, the high-level areas are concentrated primarily on the Songnen Plain Reclamation Area. Or, the Sanjiang Plain Reclamation Area positively presents significant effects on resource conservation. In the study area, spatial intensification and output efficiency are relatively balanced. The coupling coordination degree of green use of cultivated land (GU-CL) (0.20–0.50) is at a low coupling coordination stage. Consequently, this study can provide practical knowledge for the GU-CL in the black soil region of Northeast China.