bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new proposal for the electronic structure of carbon monoxide
Authors: Gift Stephan J. G.
Published: June 2021

A new proposal for the electronic structure of carbon monoxide CO is presented. The approach involves the creation of an additional half-filled 2p orbital in the oxygen atom by the transfer of an electron from the filled 2p orbital to one of two half-filled hybridized
  2 s  p z    orbitals in the carbon atom. The result is a
triple bond comprising one sigma bond and two pi bonds between C and O strengthened by an ionic bond contribution. The proposed structure accounts for many unusual features of the molecule CO including the observed direction of the dipole moment, which is considered anomalous
based on the concept of electronegativity of the constituent atoms as well as the increased bond dissociation energy compared with isoelectronic nitrogen    N 2
  . It also provides a basis for the CO molecule being a stable ligand combining with transition metals using the lone electron pair in the filled   2 s
 p z    orbital of the carbon atom. The electron transfer mechanism is effectively applied to the isoelectronic compound boron monofluoride BF and predicts properties
of the undetected isoelectronic molecule BeNe. Finally, the method proposes new electronic structures for the cyanide ion   C  N −
   which resolves the long-standing puzzle of “charge reversal” on the molecule and the carbon monofluoride ion   C  F
+    .
The mass-charge binding energy as an explanation for the superfine adjustment of the hadron and baryon masses
Authors: Arneth Borros
Published: June 2021

Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) describes how mass is created at the quark level. This mechanism is special, because the binding of quarks does not result in a mass loss or a release of energy, as in the case of the nuclear mass defect. Rather, mass is created by the binding of quarks.
To achieve this binding, energy must be expended. At the same time, however, quarks are firmly bound to each other. Several authors have shown that the masses of the elementary particles as determined by means of QCD agree quite well with the experimentally determined values. In the following,
superfine adjustment of the masses of the charged elementary particles is shown to be possible by considering the mass defect in terms of the mass-charge binding energy.
New global positioning system (GPS) test falsifies the Lorentz transformations and special relativity
Authors: Gift Stephan J. G.
Published: June 2021

The time transformation governing the operation of the global positioning system (GPS) clocks and the time corrections required to ensure sustained clock synchronization are determined to be the Selleri time transformation and not the Lorentz time transformation. This condition, as
well as GPS-demonstrated light speed anisotropy, falsifies the Lorentz transformations and special relativity.
Could there be no wave-particle duality, but only waves?
Authors: Kerslake Anne A.
Published: June 2021

Here, the concept of a wave-particle duality is questioned. First, the experimental proofs existing, respectively, for particles and waves are examined. In the case of particles, no experimental evidence can be found which establishes them; it seems that particles have always been taken
for granted. In the case of waves, considerable evidence has accumulated with results on diffraction, interference, and self-interference of larger and larger objects. Then an important remark is made concerning the fact that unlike particles, waves are not observation-dependent: waves existed
before observation otherwise the patterns of diffraction or interference would not have been appearing; the wave nature does not depend on the making of a measurement, there is no measurement problem for waves. Consequently, since waves are not observation-dependent, if the objects are demonstrated
to be waves, they are only waves. This fact, along with some other evidence, disagrees with the current interpretation of the Wheeler-type delayed-choice experiments, where the absence of interference is interpreted as a particle behavior. Finally, recent works regarding the de Broglie‐Bohm
theory are presented, which lead to suggest a new wave-only version of this theory. It is concluded that a wave-only view might be worth considering instead of the wave-particle duality view which has prevailed so far.
Time and Costs Optimized Performance Evaluation Tests of Alternative Shaft-Bushing Concepts
Authors: Voyer Joel , Klien Stefan , Ausserer Florian , Velkavrh Igor , Schachtschneider Paul , Süß Marius
Published: June 2021

The present case-study was aimed at evaluating and comparing the frictional properties (friction and wear) of alternative concepts for a shaft-bushing component in comparison to the actually used benchmark system. Through the use of a specially designed shaft-bushing tribology labor-sized test setup in combination with a high-precision modular tribometer, the overall performance of alternative concepts were evaluated and compared. Benchmark shafts consisted of nitro-carburized and oxidized bearing steel and benchmark bushings were made of sintered steel. The investigated alternative concepts consisted of shafts with a different thermal pre-treatment against benchmark bushings; benchmark shafts against surface modified bushings; and lubricated benchmark bushings (instead of lubricated shafts) with two different lubrication times before testing. For each concept under study, 3 performance tests were performed in order to assess the reproducibility of the results obtained. The most promising alternative component concepts identified through this labor-sized model screen test were then field tested by IMS Gear and the obtained results were in accordance with the labor test results.
Some Exploitation Properties of Wood Plastic Composites Based on Mixtures of Virgin and Recycled High Density Polyethylenes and Birch Plywood Sanding Dust
Authors: Kajaks Jānis , Kalnins Karlis , Zalitis Martins , Matvejs Juris
Published: June 2021

Composites based on birch plywood by-product: plywood sanding dust (PSD) and mixtures of virgin (vHDPE) and recycled high density polyethylenes (rHDPE) physical mechanical properties (tensile, flexural strength and modulus, impact strength and microhardness), water resistance and fluidity of the composite melts, were evaluated. These studies showed the possibility of usage of presented mixtures for preparing of qualitative WPCs containing 50 wt.% PSD. It was observed that the melt flow index values decrease with an increase of the content of rHDPE in polymer matrix. DSC measurements showed the diminishing of melting temperature and melting heat of vHDPE by adding of rHDPE. The tensile strength and modulus of composites decrease about 25 – 30 % but frexural strength and modulus have no changes. In the contrary impact strength and microhardness of the samples increased with an increase of additives of rHDPE. Water uptake kinetics of all composites were similar and the total amount of absorbed water after 850 h of the soaking was 12 – 13 %. The optimal content of recycled HDPE in the composites could be 25 – 30 wt.%. In general presented studies showed successful possibilities of the use of additives of rHDPE to vHDPE to produce cheaper WPCs which have no worse guality. Moreover the chosen type of rHDPE in the some cases can compete with investigated vHDPE matrix.
Evaluation of Reactive Diluent Impact on Stability of Systems Viscosity in UV-Curable Compositions
Authors: Grigale-Soročina Zane , Vindedze Elina , Kozela Julija , Birks Ingmārs
Published: June 2021

This study investigated the impact of various reactive diluents on viscosity of uncured mixture at 50 °C over a 12-week period. This criterion is important to predict the shelf life of uncured composition. Studied mono-functional acrylate monomers were: hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate (THFA), isobornyl methacrylate (IBOMA), isobornyl acrylate (IBOA), 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate (EOEOEA), acryloyl morpholine (ACMO), glacial methacrylic acid (GMAA) and phosphate acrylate monomer (PAM); and various solvents: isopropanol(IP) ethyl acetate (EA), butyl acetate (BA). There was found the difference of effect on the systems viscosity in time between the mono-functional monomers and solvents. HPMA and IPA showed the most stable viscosity values in time.
Sandwich Panels Made of Perforated Metal Materials
Authors: Mironov Viktor , Lisicins Mihails , Boiko Irina
Published: June 2021

Nowadays, the growing attention has focused on the sandwich-structured composites (panels), especially on those, which are environmentally friendly. The sandwich panel is a special type of the composites made of at least three layers: a core and a skin-layer bonded to each side. The aim of this paper is to investigate the possibility of using of perforated metallic materials for producing sandwich panels for the different application in the civil engineering. By using the perforated metallic materials in combination with different core materials or by using the perforated metallic material as the core material the wide range of products for the construction, damping or isolation purposes could be manufactured. In the paper the example of using of perforated metallic sheet materials for manufacturing the sandwich panels is proposed. Both, the simulation and experimental studies (mechanical testing) were carried out in order to assess the load-bearing capacity of sandwich panels and to prove the applicability of the proposed sandwich panels for construction structures. For the analysis of the achieved structures the finite element analysis (FEA) software was used. The simulation results are well-coincided with the results of the experimental studies. Thus, new types of the sandwich panels and the manufacturing technology thereof are shown its reliability and could be recommended for application in the different branches, in particular for producing lightweight ceiling panels with filler from heat insulating materials.
Development of Electromagnetic Shielding Material Based on Devulcanised Crumb Rubber
Authors: Lapkovskis Vjaceslavs , Mironov Viktor
Published: June 2021

Shielding materials play an essential role in the prevention of electromagnetic irradiation and electromagnetic interference from electric equipment. Physico-chemical modification of crumb rubber and devulcanised rubber leads to the formation of materials with distinctive properties suitable for the development of composites for electromagnetic protection. The current paper introduces an approach for secondary raw materials modification for production of composite mixtures, which could be used electromagnetic shielding materials. Experimental evaluation of electromagnetic shielding properties was performed. Devulcanised rubber-based composite materials are considered as electromagnetic shielding materials for equipment in transport systems and civil engineering applications.
Some Regularities of Life Time and Damage for the New Structural Material MoNiCa during Sliding Friction and Mechano-Sliding Fatigue
Authors: Bahdanovich Aliaksandr , Sherbakov Sergei , Lis Ivan , Bendikiene Regita , Česnavičius Ramūnas , Grigas Vytautas
Published: June 2021

The results of an experimental study of damage for the structural material MoNiCa (it is high-strength cast iron VCHTG – patent of the Republic of Belarus № 15617) on sliding friction and mechano-sliding fatigue are analyzed in the report. Tests of the mechanical system shaft (a sample with a working part diameter of 10 mm made of 0.45 % carbon steel) - an insert (a prismatic counter sample with a cross section of 10 ´ 10 mm made of MoNiCa) were carried out. The kinetics of the change in average wear at 8 local points along the perimeter of the dangerous area of the sample is given for contact loads FN from 20 to 92 N of the mechanical system under study with MoNiCa inserts without heat treatment and with heat treatment. The test results of the system under study are also presented in the form of sliding friction and mechano-sliding fatigue curves in coordinates of the contact load FN – the number of cycles N until the limit state.
A Monocyte-Orchestrated IFN-I–to–IL-4 Cytokine Axis Instigates Protumoral Macrophages and Thwarts Poly(I:C) Therapy
Authors: Guo Panpan , Yang Limin , Zhang Mengfan , Zhang Yuyan , Tong Yuanyuan , Cao Yanlan , Liu Jianghuai
Published: June 2021

Type I IFNs (IFN-I) are important for tumor immune surveillance and contribute to the therapeutic responses for numerous treatment regimens. Nevertheless, certain protumoral activities by IFN-I have been increasingly recognized. Indeed, our recent work showed that systemic poly(I:C)/IFN treatment can undesirably trigger high arginase (ARG1) expression within the tumor-associated monocyte/macrophage compartment. Using a line of CRISPR-generated Arg1-YFP reporter knock-in mice, we have determined that a subset of tumor-associated macrophages represent the major Arg1-expressing cell type following poly(I:C)/IFN stimulation. More detailed analyses from in vitro and in vivo models demonstrate a surprising IFN–to–IL-4 cytokine axis in transitional monocytes, which can subsequently stimulate IL-4 target genes, including Arg1, in macrophages. Intriguingly, IFN stimulation of transitional monocytes yielded concurrent M2 (YFP+)- and M1 (YFP–)-skewed macrophage subsets, correlated with an inhibitory crosstalk between IFN-I and IL-4. Genetic abrogation of IL-4 signaling in mice diminished poly(I:C)/IFN-induced ARG1 in tumors, leading to enhanced activation of CD8+ T cells and an improved therapeutic effect. The present work uncovered a monocyte-orchestrated macrophage phenotype conversion mechanism that may have broad implications.
CLec-TM1–ERK–GSK3β Pathway Regulates Vibrio splendidus–Induced IL-17 Production in Oyster
Authors: Sun Jiejie , Gao Lei , Huang Shu , Wang Lingling , Yang Wenwen , Zhang Tong , Jin Yingnan , Song Linsheng
Published: June 2021

C-type lectins are a family of pattern recognition receptors that recognize microbial components and subsequently activate the signaling cascade to induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines. In the current study, the homologs of ERK (named as CgERK) and GSK3β (named as CgGSK3β) and a novel C-type lectin with a transmembrane domain (named as CgCLec-TM1) were identified from oyster Crassostrea gigas. CgCLec-TM1 was able to bind Escherichia coli and Vibrio splendidus through its carbohydrate recognition domain and then activated CgERK by inducing its phosphorylation. The activated CgERK interacted with CgGSK3β to phosphorylate it at Ser9, which eventually induced the expressions of CgIL-17-1 and CgIL-17-5. The interaction between CgERK and CgGSK3β, as well as the phosphorylation of CgGSK3β, could be inhibited by ERK inhibitor (PD98059) to reduce the expressions of CgIL-17-1 and CgIL-17-5. CgGSK3β in oyster was proposed as a new substrate of CgERK. The results defined a CLec-TM1–ERK–GSK3β signaling pathway in oyster, which was activated by V. splendidus and then induced CgIL-17 productions.
Zebrafish Uba1 Degrades IRF3 through K48-Linked Ubiquitination to Inhibit IFN Production
Authors: Chen Dan-Dan , Jiang Jing-Yu , Lu Long-Feng , Zhang Can , Zhou Xiao-Yu , Li Zhuo-Cong , Zhou Yu , Li Shun
Published: June 2021

Fish IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) is a crucial transcription factor in the IFN activation signaling pathway, which leads to IFN production and a positive cycle. Unrestricted IFN expression results in hyperimmune responses and therefore, IFN must be tightly regulated. In the current study, we found that zebrafish Ub-activating enzyme (Uba1) negatively regulated IRF3 via the K-48 ubiquitin proteasome degradation of IRF3. First, ifn expression stimulated by spring viraemia of carp virus infection was blunted by the overexpression of Uba1 and enhanced by Uba1 knockdown. Afterward, we found that Uba1 was localized in the cytoplasm, where it interacted with and degraded IRF3. Functional domains analysis revealed that the C-terminal ubiquitin-fold domain was necessary for IRF3 degradation by Uba1 and the N-terminal DNA-binding domain of IRF3 was indispensable for the degradation by Uba1.The degradation of IRF3 was subsequently impaired by treatment with MG132, a ubiquitin proteasome inhibitor. Further mechanism analysis revealed that Uba1 induced the K48-linked Ub-proteasomal degradation of IRF3. Finally, the antiviral capacity of IRF3 was significantly attenuated by Uba1. Taken together, our study reveals that zebrafish Uba1 interacts with and activates the ubiquitinated degradation of IRF3, providing evidence of the IFN immune balance mechanism in fish.
Intramucosal duodenal adenocarcinoma concomitant with Saint’s triad
Authors: Dantas Gomes Gonçalves Matheus , Grigolli Vinicius , Carvalho Kalmar Thereza Cristina , Modesto dos Santos Vitorino , Sonjia Villela Lucimara , Arruda Modesto dos Santos Lister
Published: June 2021

Duodenal tubulovillous adenomas are rare and have malignant potential. Their successful management depends on the preoperative diagnosis and adequate excision. Endoscopic mucosal resection or submucosal dissection can control superficial tumors. Adenocarcinoma of the duodenum may originate in tubular or tubulovillous adenoma, and possible diagnostic challenges occur concerning the endoscopic biopsy findings. We report a 62-year-old female with chronic epigastric burning and a bolus sensation. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a non-ampullary duodenal tumor, and the biopsy study diagnosed a tubulovillous adenoma. Further mucosectomy revealed an intramucosal adenocarcinoma in a tubulovillous adenoma with a tumor-free pedicle. Besides the intestinal neoplasms, the patient had the diagnosis of classical Saint’s triad; and the manifestations were hiatus hernia, gallbladder disorder, and colonic diverticula. The objective is to report two scarcely described conditions and comment on controversial points of view about the concomitance of Saint’s triad and malignancy. Case reports can reduce late diagnosis, enhancing the suspicion index on rare diseases.
Gender differences in ischemic stroke intra-hospital mortality: a systematic review
Authors: Ciarambino Tiziana , Giannico Orazio Valerio , Campanile Amalia , Fischetti Antonella , Barabgelata Elena , Ambrosino Imma , Para Ombretta , Politi Cecilia , Giordano Mauro
Published: June 2021

The aim was to evaluate whether intra-hospital mortality from ischemic stroke is different in female patients. Methods. Studies were found in PubMed, Web of Science. We excluded 119 records because they did not include relevant reports or data. Studies were eligible for inclusion if enrolled adult patients with ischemic stroke and if the odds ratio (OR) of intra-hospital mortality in females compared to males is provided. Three retrospective cohort studies were eligible for inclusion criteria and so were included in the analysis. Findings: the random effect model showed a pooled significant higher risk of intra-hospital mortality [OR 1.34 (95% confidence interval 1.04, 1.74), P=0.026] in the female group compared to the male group. Our systematic review shows that intra-hospital mortality was significantly higher in female subjects compared to male.
A case study of surface crown pillars: the Niobec Mine
Authors: Bétournay M C , Yu Y S , Thivierge S
Published: June 2021

The Niobec surface crown pillars are composed mainly of massive horizontal, unjointed limestone, and span underground openings located in zones of niobium enrichment of a carbonatite intrusive. The pillars/abutments supporting the surface crown pillars are
competent with excellent rock mass quality characteristics. The openings will be enlarged in the future and left opened.
The methods applied in analysing the stability of present and planned openings are: elastic theory, 'voussoir solutions' and 3-D finite element analysis. Using these, the existing surface crown pillars and related openings are stable, confirmed by visual surveys. In particular, numerical modelling
of the largest primary opening, 23 m x 72 m in plan, 90 m high, yields low compressive and tensile stress concentrations. Without support pillars, localized, progressive failure of carbonatite and limestone may result. Application of cable bolting may prove necessary. Critical stable opening spans
are calculated.
Status of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Greece and its Approach on COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Constantinos Grivas , Anna Hatzopoulou , Dimitrios Kaparianos , Taxiarchis Panagiotaras , Vasiliki Tzoumerka
Published: June 2021

Although acupuncture was first introduced to Greece in about 1938, it was not until 1973 that an institution was created to teach it, where its study was limited to medical doctors (MDs). Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) was not taught to non-MDs until 2004. Even today, TCM has not been integrated into the Greek health system, and in a few exceptions, TCM was mainly associated with pain management. A few private schools teach TCM theory and practice in the fields of acupuncture, moxibustion, herbology, gua sha, and tui na (Chinese massage). This study examines the use of Chinese single herbs and formulas for prevention or treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic in Greece, as well as issues with the availability of Chinese herbs and proposals for substitutes from the traditional Greek medicine point of view.
A Case Report of Ictal Bradycardia and Asystole
Authors: Jayabalan Nambirajan , Pamecha Harshal , Nallaswamy Senthil
Published: June 2021

The ictal bradycardia syndrome occurs when epileptic discharges disrupt normal cardiac rhythms leading to a reduction of heart rate that is more than 10 beats/min below the baseline. Mostly documented ictal bradycardias are accompanied by complex partial seizures of temporal lobe origin. Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy is often assumed to be associated with a concomitant seizure, but it is almost impossible to prove conclusively. Here, we report the case of a 52-year-old female patient admitted with the complaints of two episodes of generalized tonic–clonic seizures and vomiting followed by presyncope and syncope. The patient was admitted in a drowsy disoriented state with hypotension and electrocardiogram (ECG) illustrating sinus tachycardia. Later during admission, the patient developed complex focal seizures with secondary generalization and cardiac arrest. During video electroencephalogram/ECG, she had another similar episode and cardiac arrest. ECG showed rapid progression to asystole and ventricular pause of 25 s followed by complete heart block with ventricular escape rhythm of 17 beats/min. She was implanted with a temporary pacemaker but later during the hospitalization, sudden unexpected death in epilepsy occurred in spite of cardiac pacing and optimum antiepileptic medication. Most documented pauses are of nonlife-threatening duration (range 3–20 s) with longer pauses being observed. Cardiac pacing may help to reduce the risk of falls, but in the absence of official practice guidelines, cardiac pacing should only be considered for patients in whom conventional antiepileptic therapy has failed to prevent ictal asystole. Early diagnosis, interventions, and optimum antiepileptic dose escalation with occasional epilepsy surgery are the mainstay to prevent mortality and severe prognosis of the ictal bradycardia syndrome.
The diagnostic challenge of ptosis and diplopia
Authors: Tutar Nurhan K , Omerhoca Sami , Kale Nilufer
Published: June 2021

Cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS) is a rare condition that presents with clinical signs and symptoms due to the involvement of the cranial nerves (CN) III, IV, VI, V1, and V2. Various causes such as vascular, inflammatory, infectious, or neoplastic pathologies are involved in the etiology. CSS is rarely the first sign of cancer. In this report, we would like to describe a unique patient who manifested with CSS in which the etiological factor behind the clinic was a metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma previously unknown.
Transient bilateral disc edema with spontaneous resolution following spine surgery
Authors: Panigrahi Pradeep K
Published: June 2021

A 49-year-old man presented with flashes and transient obscuration of vision in both eyes 1 week after spine surgery for disc prolapse. Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. Fundoscopy showed bilateral disc edema. All investigations were normal. There was spontaneous resolution of bilateral disc edema 2 months following presentation.
Successful visual rehabilitation with penetrating keratoplasty and doughnut amniotic membrane transplant for corneal scarring in advanced Mooren's ulcer
Authors: Roy Aravind , Cruz Rakhi D , Vuyyuru Sowjanya , Murthy Somasheila I
Published: June 2021

A 37-year-old one-eyed woman presented with a 3-month history of active Mooren's ulcer in her right eye. Conjunctival resection with tissue adhesive and bandage contact lens was performed thrice, despite which the eye progressed to total vascularized corneal scarring. After control of inflammation with systemic corticosteroids and immunomodulators, 10 months later she underwent penetrating keratoplasty with amniotic membrane transplant and tarsorrhaphy. At 2-year follow-up, the graft remained clear with no disease recurrence. This case highlights the modified surgical technique and the role of systemic immunosuppression while planning keratoplasty to achieve a successful outcome in end-stage Mooren's ulcer.
Medical device composed of amniotic membrane inhibits the rapid progression of acute calcareous degeneration caused by ocular graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Wan Yu-Jung , Ma I-Hsin , Chang Huai-Wen , Chen Wei-Li
Published: June 2021

A 27-year-old man who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for the treatment of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia presented with bilateral persistent corneal erosions. Acute calcareous deposition was later found in both eyes, and the ocular condition deteriorated rapidly. Active treatment with topical lubricants, topical anti-inflammatory agents, autologous serum, and punctal plug insertion were applied but in vain. Amniotic membrane (Prokera) was then applied in both eyes, and the corneal erosion and ocular inflammation improved rapidly. The intrastromal calcium deposition remained and did not progress.
A rare association of phakomatosis
Authors: Thangaraju Dharmeswari , Sivakumar Priya
Published: June 2021

Simultaneous occurrence of neurofibromatosis and tuberous sclerosis is very rare. A 55-year-old hypertensive man was referred for ophthalmic evaluation. On examination, Lisch nodules were seen over the iris in both the eyes with fundus showing bilateral temporal pallor. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain was done to rule out optic pathway gliomas. MRI brain was negative for gliomas but showed subependymal nodules in the ventricles, a feature of Tuberous sclerosis. A screening computed tomography (CT) abdomen showed multiple angiomyolipoma in the kidney, which confirmed the diagnosis. It is important to be aware of this rare co-existence so that a devastating consequence can be prevented.
Scleral rupture during micro-incision vitrectomy surgery for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment - A case report
Authors: Grover Rohini , Varshney Abhishek , Juneja Supreet
Published: June 2021

Scleral rupture during 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, without known predisposing factors, is a rare but catastrophic complication. Scleral rupture in our patient developed in superotemporal quadrant corresponding to the area of chorioretinal atrophy in retina. Prompt suturing of scleral rupture, usage of perfluoro-N-octane (PFO) as short-term endo-tamponade, and removal of epiretinal membrane (ERM) under silicone oil (SO) were the major contributing factors leading to successful outcome. High index of suspicion should be kept for any chorioretinal atrophic patches and sclera corresponding to these areas should be carefully examined for any pathosis.
Bilateral external ophthalmoplegia due to uremia in Goodpasture syndrome
Authors: Pehere Niranjan K , Simranjeet Aulakh , Uppin Megha S
Published: June 2021

Several ophthalmic manifestations have been reported in patients with uremia due to chronic kidney disease (CKD). These include chronic sore eyes, ischemic optic neuropathy, and retinal detachment. In this case report, we discuss a patient of Goodpasture syndrome undergoing hemodialysis for CKD who presented with a complaint of diplopia. The patient had bilateral near-total external ophthalmoplegia, which initially progressed and remained constant at the last follow-up. The patient was neurologically stable with normal neuroimaging; however, his serum creatinine and blood urea levels remained persistently elevated despite regular hemodialysis. After considering several differential diagnoses, we finally arrived at a diagnosis of bilateral external ophthalmoplegia secondary to uremia and propose potential mechanisms for its pathogenesis.
Acute orbital presentation in an activated B-cell subtype, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Tripathy Devjyoti , Pradhan Anuradha , Mittal Ruchi
Published: June 2021

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is the most common ocular adnexal neoplasm in adults. Involvement of the ocular adnexae can be primary in origin or secondary resulting from systemic disease. We report a 66-year-old male patient with an acute onset of orbital lymphoma with several atypical clinicoradiological features in the absence of any clinical signs of systemic disease at presentation. A histopathological diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was made and immunophenotyping revealed it to be an activated B-cell (ABC) subtype with a “non-double-expressor” phenotype. Rapid progression of disease was noted and resulted in a poor outcome. Clinicoradiological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical correlation is critical for accurate diagnosis in such situations. Additional immunophenotyping to delineate the subtype of DLBCL may have an important role in decision-making regarding the choice of treatment, and may contribute to the prognostication of disease outcome.
Paraneoplastic orbital myositis in a patient with natural killer/T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Jeong Areum , Kim Min Kyoung , Choi Joon Hyuk , Kim Won Jae
Published: June 2021

Paraneoplastic orbital myositis can occur in patients with natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTL). A discrepancy between ocular motility examinations and imaging findings may suggest paraneoplastic orbital myositis in patients with malignancy. Extraocular muscle biopsy should be performed for definite diagnosis and appropriate treatment, especially in patients with atypical clinical manifestations.
Escitalopram-induced bilateral secondary angle-closure with uncommon associations
Authors: Kaur Rajwinder , Gupta Ekta , Aggarwal Anupriya
Published: June 2021

Acute angle closure is a rare complication in patients receiving antidepressant treatment. We report two uncommon associations of acute-onset myopia with internal limiting membrane folds and soft exudates following the use of escitalopram. A 28-year-old woman, with no prior history of glasses, taking escitalopram for depression, presented with decreased vision. On examination, she was found to have myopic shift in both eyes and intraocular pressure of 38 mm Hg and 40 mm Hg in the right and left eye, respectively. She had closed angles on gonioscopy; anterior displacement of the iris-lens diaphragm on B-scan and undilated fundus examination revealed soft exudates and inner limiting membrane folds at the macula in both eyes. It is highly important that clinicians be made aware of the risk factors associated with drug-induced secondary acute angle closure with an antidepressant. History taking plays a significant role play in view of any hepatic and renal dysfunction.
Fish-shaped anterior capsular rupture with anterior subcapsular cataract following blunt trauma in a young man
Authors: Tank Nikunj , Dixit Shivani , Bhagat Purvi
Published: June 2021

A 20-year-old man presented with a history of blunt trauma by a rubber ball to his right eye. His visual acuity in the affected eye was 20/120 for distance and N36 for near. The lens showed anterior capsule tear with anterior subcapsular cataract, which did not progress to maturation even after 1 month. Following initial conservative management, phacoemulsification with a three-piece monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation was performed and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/20 was achieved. This represents one of the few cases of blunt trauma presenting as an isolated anterior capsule rupture and anterior subcapsular cataract without mature cataract formation.
Ultrasound biomicroscopy findings and histopathological characteristics of anterior chamber cholesterolosis
Authors: Mangwani-Mordani Simran , Ramirez-Miranda Arturo , Ruiz-Gonzalez Gabriela del C , Gurria Lulu U , Graue-Hernandez Enrique O
Published: June 2021

Anterior chamber cholesterolosis is an unusual finding, commonly caused by ocular trauma. Pathogenesis is still unknown; therefore, cases should be reported to determine correlations between past medical history and suggest probable etiologies. A 27-year-old male presented with normal vision in the right eye and no light perception in the left after suffering blunt ocular trauma. Ocular examination showed freely movable, highly refractile crystals forming a pseudohypopyon in the anterior chamber. B-scan ultrasonography revealed close funnel retinal detachment, ultrasound biomicroscopy showed cholesterol crystals in the anterior chamber and irideocorneal angle. Anterior chamber washout was performed, and aspirate indicated rhomboidal cholesterol crystals.
Intra-lenticular metallic foreign bodies – A series of three cases
Authors: Gupta Richa , Varshney Abhishek
Published: June 2021

Three consecutive cases presenting with intra-lenticular foreign bodies (ILFBs) were included in this series. ILFB retrieval with Kelman–McPherson forceps, along with cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation in the bag was performed as a single-staged procedure for all under peri-operative systemic and topical steroids. Their visual recovery was excellent at 4 months with best-corrected visual acuity of 20/20, N6. Careful clinical and relevant radiological evaluation is paramount following penetrating ocular injury to rule out intraocular foreign body, especially ferrous, to avert the most visually debilitating sequelae of ocular siderosis. This series highlights a favourable outcome of ILFB removal with concurrent management of cataract.
Assessment of oral health status and treatment needs in hemodialysis patients at Raichur district, Karnataka, India
Authors: Acharya Arun Kumar , Chinna Sudarshan Kumar , Bankur Rashmi , Margabandhu Shanthi , Babu B. Anil , Ismail Nasi
Published: June 2021

Introduction:

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) global burden of disease project, chronic kidney disease is the 12th leading cause of death and 17th leading cause of disability in the world. Statistics show that 90% of the patients suffering from chronic renal failure face oral health-related problems. The objective of the study was to assess the oral health status and treatment needs in hemodialysis patients at Raichur district, Karnataka.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was carried out on 110 patients undergoing hemodialysis at Raichur district, Karnataka. Oral health status was assessed using the WHO assessment form 1997. Oral Hygiene Index – Simplified (1964) was used to assess the Oral Hygiene Status.

Results:

The mean age of the patients was 43.99 ± 12.80 years and the mean Decayed Teeth, Missing Teeth, Filled Teeth (FT), and Decayed Missing FT was 2.53 ± 2.39, 4.39 ± 7.57, 0.08 ± 0.30, and 7.00 ± 7.01, respectively. The prevalence of dental caries was 94.5%. Calculus was seen in 60.9% of the patients. Oral hygiene status was poor in 49.5% of the patients. The mean number of teeth required treatment was 4.4.

Conclusion:

This special population has high prevalence of dental caries and poor oral hygiene which needed periodic health education and intervention.
Morphologic patterns of lip prints in a sample of Sudanese population
Authors: Haroun Andy Mohamed , Awooda Elhadi Mohieldin
Published: June 2021

Background:

The outer surrounding surface of the lips has elevations, depressions, normal lines, and fissures in the form of wrinkles and grooves present in the zone of the transition of the lip which can be used in the identification of a person.

Aims:

The aim was to determine the predominant type of lip print among a sample of the Sudanese population and to assess the relation between lip print with age and gender.

Materials and Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study among 394 (150 males and 244 females) adult Sudanese participants living within the Khartoum city. Those with a history of lip injury, congenitally deformed lip, children, very old or coming from the eastern region were excluded. Red lipstick impression with a white chart paper in the normal rest position of the lips by dabbing it in the center first and then press it uniformly toward the corners. Lip print type was assessed according to Suzuki and Tsuchihashi's from type 1 to type V. Comparison between variables by Chi-Squire with the level of significance set at P value of <0.05.

Results:

Result showed a unique different type of lip print among peoples coming from different regions and different tribes in Sudan. Type I was predominantly among the studied population and the least was type V. The predominant type of lip print among those their origin is from the Northern was type I (32.6%), type II was among those from Southern (28.6%), and type I' among those from Western (33.3%). There was no statistical significance difference between the type of lip print among male and female or between different age groups.

Conclusion:

Type I' lip print pattern was most common type of lip print pattern among the studied population with no association between age or sex and lip print type. Increasing sample size and conducting the examination on participants from different regions in Sudan, can eliminate any confounding factors and gives valid and reliable findings.
Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis phenotypes in a South-Western Nigerian population
Authors: Jemilohun Abiodun Christopher , Ajani Mustapha Akanji , Solaja Taiwo Olufemi , Uka Aaron ThankGod
Published: June 2021

Background:

The long-term outcomes of Helicobacter pylori infection ultimately depend on the distribution and extent of gastritis. Three main types of gastritis phenotypes which include pangastritis, antral-predominant gastritis, and corpus-predominant gastritis have been observed. Corpus predominant gastritis is more common in the parts of Asia with a high prevalence of gastric adenocarcinoma. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of H. pylori-associated gastritis phenotypes in a South-western Nigerian population, a sub-Saharan African population.

Materials and Methods:

The study was a cross-sectional prospective study which included 267 dyspeptic patients who had esophagogastroduodenoscopy at a tertiary health institution in South-west Nigeria. Five gastric biopsies were taken from each subject, and standard histologic examination was performed on the specimens. Both biopsy sampling and histologic examination followed the Updated Sydney System recommendations. The data generated were statistically analyzed. Continuous variables were presented as means ± standard deviation, whereas associations between the categorical variables were determined by the Pearson Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

The mean age was 46.1 (±15.4) years while the age range was 16–84 years. There were 160 (59.9%) female and 107 (40.1%) male participants. All participants had histological gastritis, whereas 79 (29.6%) were positive for H. pylori by histology. H. pylori infection was significantly associated with peptic ulcer disease. Among those who had H. pylori infection, 51 (64.6%) had pangastritis, 26 (32.9%) had antral-predominant gastritis, while 2 (2.5%) had corpus-predominant gastritis. The relationship between H. pylori infection and the gastritis phenotypes showed no statistical significance.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of corpus predominant gastritis was low in our study population.
Comparison of Fibroscan with Liver biopsy in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients for assessing fibrosis
Authors: Bhat Ganraj , Likitha S. R. , Krishnappa Rashmi , Agarwal Gaurav , Kiran Ravi , Nagesh Kumar T. C.
Published: June 2021

Background:

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in India varies from 9 to 35%. NAFLD is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. Liver biopsy, which is the gold standard for diagnosing NAFLD is an invasive procedure with potential adverse effects and large inter- and intra-observer variability. Hence, various noninvasive markers are being explored to assist in the diagnosis of NAFLD. Fibroscan measures liver stiffness through estimation of the velocity of propagation of a shear wave through liver tissue. Very few studies have addressed the accuracy of fibroscan versus liver biopsy.

Objectives:

To grade liver fibrosis in the patients and compare fibrosis score by fibroscan with that of liver biopsy in NAFLD.

Materials and Methods:

An observational study of 72 subjects who had presented with fatty liver on ultrasound and further subjected to fibroscan at the outpatient department of gastroenterology and have undergone liver biopsy (gold standard) for confirmation in the Department of Pathology, Ramaiah Medical College. The study was done from January 2017 to December 2018. After routine processing, liver biopsies were categorized into four subgroups depending on the fibrosis score such as F1 (perivenular fibrosis), F2 (periportal fibrosis), F3 (bridging fibrosis), and F4 (cirrhosis) and was compared with fibroscan scoring, which was based on the degree of fibrosis.

Results:

Our study revealed that in the subgroup of NAFLD patients with F1, F2, F3 fibrosis on biopsy, the mean fibroscan values were 11.84 ± 9.23, 16.98 ± 18.85, 21.93 ± 5.85, respectively, which overestimate the fibrosis score (2.5–7.5 Kpa), (7.6–10 Kpa), (10.1–13 Kpa), respectively, and in F4 fibrosis, the mean fibroscan value was 33.41 ± 17.39 and in concordance with the fibrosis score (>13 Kpa).

Conclusion:

Fibroscan overestimates the fibrosis score in the early stages of NAFLD, whereas, it has high accuracy in detecting advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. Hence, it can be concluded that transient elastography is a good adjunctive tool in NAFLD patients with advanced fibrosis.
Genetic Differentiation of the Blue Swimming Crab Portunus pelagicus Along the Coastal Thai Waters Revealed by SSCP Analysis of Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit I
Authors: Khamnamtong Bavornlak , Prasertlux Sirikan , Janpoom Sirithorn , Klinbunga Sirawut
Published: June 2021

The basic information on genetic diversity and population structure is essential for the construction of appropriate management schemes leading to sustainable fisheries of the blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus). Here, genetic heterogeneity of P. pelagicus (N=174) was examined by single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (PpCOI270). Seven SSCP genotypes were found across all investigated samples. The average genetic distance between pairs of geographic samples was 0.0014-0.7247. Significant geographic heterogeneity (P<0.05) and restricted levels of female gene flow between paired samples (0.03-1.60 individuals per generation) were observed except between Chanthaburi - Prachuap Kriri Khan and Ranong - Krabi (P>0.05; 6.54 and 16.17 individuals per generation) located in the same coastal regions. Therefore, the gene pool of P. pelagicus in Thai waters was genetically differentiated to different stocks even though it is biologically regarded as a potential dispersal species. Five geographic samples of P. pelagicus in Thai waters could be differentiated to three genetic stocks; Chanthaburi and Suratthani (stock A), Prachuap Khiri Khan (stock B) and Ranong and Krabi (stock C).
Об одной обратной задаче для оператора Штурма-Лиувилля
Authors: Biyarov Bazarkan Nuroldinovich
Published: June 2021

Рассмотрены спектральные задачи для оператора Штурма-Лиувилля,
порожденные условиями Дирихле, Неймана, Дирихле-Неймана и
Неймана-Дирихле. Получено необходимое и достаточное условие
совпадения спектра задач Дирихле-Неймана и Неймана-Дирихле,
а также получено необходимое и достаточное условие
совпадения спектра, за исключением нуля, задач Дирихле и Неймана.
Приведено их приложение к периодической и
анти-периодической задаче.
Библиография: 11 названий.
Асимптотическое решение задачи Коши
для дифференциального уравнения первого порядка
с малым параметром в банаховом пространстве
Authors: Uskov Vladimir Igorevich
Published: June 2021

В работе рассматривается задача Коши для дифференциального уравнения
первого порядка с малым параметром при производной
в банаховом пространстве. В правой части уравнения содержится
фредгольмов оператор, возмущенный с помощью операторной добавки,
содержащей малый параметр. Строится асимптотическое разложение
решения по степеням малого параметра
методом Васильевой-Вишика-Люстерника.
Для вычисления компонент регулярной части разложения используется
метод каскадной декомпозиции,
заключающийся в пошаговом расщеплении уравнения на уравнения
в подпространствах уменьшающихся размерностей. Определяются условия,
при которых в задаче имеет место явление погранслоя.
Библиография: 15 названий.
Эллиптические дифференциально-разностные уравнения
общего вида в полупространстве
Authors: Muravnik Andrey Borisovich
Published: June 2021

Исследуется задача Дирихле в полупространстве для эллиптических
дифференциально-разностных уравнений с операторами,
представляющими собой композиции дифференциальных операторов
и операторов сдвига, не связанных условиями соизмеримости сдвигов.
Для этой задачи устанавливается классическая разрешимость или
разрешимость почти всюду (в зависимости от ограничений, наложенных
на граничные данные), строится интегральное представление указанного
решения формулой пуассоновского типа и доказывается его стремление
к нулю при стремлении времениподобной независимой переменной
к бесконечности.
Библиография: 19 названий.
Reconstruction enhancement via projection screening in holographic tomography
Authors: Machnio Piotr , Ziemczonok Michał , Kujawińska Małgorzata
Published: June 2021

This paper presents an algorithm for automatic detection of erroneous amplitude and phase components of a sample’s optical field, acquired by a holographic tomograph with a limited angle of projection. By applying image processing methods and statistical analysis to find and remove unfit projections, the quality of tomographic reconstruction of a 3D refractive index distribution of an object is greatly improved. The proposed methods can find their application in preprocessing of data in holographic tomography. Full Text: PDF ReferencesA. Kuś, W. Krauze, P. L. Makowski, and M. Kujawińska, "Holographic tomography: hardware and software solutions for 3D quantitative biomedical imaging (Invited paper)", ETRI Journal, 41, 1 (2019). CrossRef V. Balasubramani et al., "Phase unwrapping in ICF target interferometric measurement via deep learning", Appl. Opt., 60, 10 (2021). CrossRef Y. Park, C. Depeursinge, and G. Popescu, "Quantitative phase imaging in biomedicine", Nature Photonics, 12, 10 (2018). CrossRef W. Krauze, P. Makowski, M. Kujawińska, and A. Kuś, "Generalized total variation iterative constraint strategy in limited angle optical diffraction tomography", Opt. Express, 24, 5 (2016). CrossRef D. Ryu et al., "A non-calorimetric approach for investigating the moisture-induced ageing of a pyrotechnic delay material using spectroscopies", Sci Rep, 9, 1 (2019). CrossRef B. S. Lipkin, Picture Processing and Psychopictorics. (Saint Louis, Elsevier Science 2014). DirectLink A. M. Taddese, N. Verrier, M. Debailleul, J.-B. Courbot, and O. Haeberlé, "Optimizing sample illumination scanning in transmission tomographic diffractive microscopy", Appl. Opt., 60, 6 (2021). CrossRef