bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Properties of biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas putida grown in Crude Palm Oil (CPO)
Authors: Suryanti V , Handayani D S , Masykur A , Lindasari
Published: October 2019

Biosurfactants produced by Pseudomonas putida grown on crude palm oil (CPO) as carbon source have been characterized. Biosurfactant was produced in nutrient broth medium containing NaCl and 10% v/v of crude palm oil (CPO) with 5 days of incubation time. Biosurfactants are able to reduce water surface tension from 72 to 54 mN/m and has a CMC (Critical Micelle Concentration) value of 798 mg/L. Biosurfactant has a water in oil (w/o) emulsion system. Biosurfactants are able to form emulsions between water and several hydrocarbons, including benzene, lubricating oil, palm oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil and olive oil. The largest emulsion index of 83% is obtained from the water emulsion with lubricating oil and can last up to 30 days.
Dealumination of ZSM-5 as catalyst to convert glycerol to glycerol monostearate
Authors: Anggoro D D , Sasongko S B , Buchori L , Sulistyani K C , Oktavijaya A , Oktavianty H
Published: October 2019

This study aims to improve the acidity of the ZSM-5 catalyst as a catalyst that can produce the highest yield of glycerol monostearate from conversion of glycerol to glycerol monostearate. This study consisted of three stages: dealumination ZSM-5 Zeolite using H2SO4, catalyst characterization using ammonia absorption for acidity analysis and pyridine analysis for basicity catalyst, and GC-MS for Glycerol Monostearate molecular weight and purity analysis. Zeolite was dealuminated and then dried at a temperature of 110°C for 1 hour, then calcined at a temperature of 550°C for 4 hours. The dealumination variables used are acid concentration, temperature and time of dealumination. The test results obtained the optimum condition to produce the highest total acidity and the highest surface acidity at 7M of acid concentration, temperature of 60°C, and 2 hours of dealumination time. The optimum conditions of the dealumination variables to produce monoglycerides as product respectively, 3.5-6.5 M of acid concentration, temperature of dealumination at 40-60°C and 0.85-2 hours of dealumination time. This study also found other product namely glycerin, with high % yield on two catalyst samples which have the lowest total acidity.
Improving preparation method of TiO2-NiO composite materials for self-cleaning glass
Authors: Farichah I , Wahyuningsih S , Ramelan A H
Published: October 2019

TiO2-NiO Composite have been synthesized as self-cleaning material on glass. TiO2 was prepared using titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) by sol gel method, while TiO2-NiO composite was prepared from TiO2 synthesized with additional Ni(NO3)2.6H2O precursor. TiO2 synthesized powder was added to Ni2+ concentrated solution in aquadest so it formed crystalline layer on TiO2 powder. Core shell composite of TiO2-NiO was obtained through the drying process at 110 °C and calcined at 700 °C. Identification and characterization of NiOTiO2 composite were carried out using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and X-Ray Fluoresecence (XRF). XRD diffractograms show the appearance of TiO2 and NiO peaks. Another analysis with XRF showed that composition of TiO2-NiO composite are 2:1; 1:1 and 1:2 (w/w). The electronic spectrum from TiO2-NiO core shell result showed an increasing response in visible light so it can be applied as coating material in manufacturing technology of self cleaning glass.
Electrical Properties of Barium Titanate Doped Lanthanum (Ba1-xLaxTiO3) Fabricated Using Co-precipitation Method
Authors: Noviastuti M D , Iriani Y , Kusumandari K
Published: October 2019

Barium Titanate doped Lanthanum (Ba1-xLaxTiO3) with variations in the concentration of mole dopants Lanthanum (x) 0; 0.01; 0.02; 0.03; 0.04 and 0.05 by co-precipitation method. Bulk BaTiO3 and Ba1-xLaxTiO3 were sintered at 1400 °C for 4 hours. The influence of variations concentration mole dopants of Lanthanum was analyzed through microstructure and electrical properties. The results of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the influence of variations concentration mole dopants of Lanthanum caused the diffraction angle to shift to the right. The influence of the variation concentration dopants mole of Lanthanum cause the dielectric constant to increase. The highest dielectric constant of 257.81 is obtained when the concentration of the La dopant mole is 5% (x=0.05) at a frequency of 40 kHz. The influence of Lanthanum dopant concentration variation on the morphology of the sample is that the more mole of dopant La added to BaTiO3 the smaller the size of the sample
The effect of holding time variation on the efficiency of DSSC TiO2 transparent with dye Ipomoea aquatica Forsk
Authors: Khairuddin  , Cari C. , Supriyanto A. , Septiawan T. Y.
Published: October 2019

TiO2 semiconductor material is commonly used as a working electrode in dyesensitized solar cell (DSSC). There are two types of TiO2 used, namely the form of nanopowder and transparent paste. In this study, the fabrication of DSSC has been successfully carried out using TiO2 with a transparent type of paste. DSSC fabrication was carried out by placing transparent TiO2 paste 18 NR-T using three variations of holding time in the heating process using furnace Carbolite 1100. Variations of holding time used were 10 minutes, 20 minutes and 30 minutes at 500 °C. Natural dye that is used comes from Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. For DSSC characterization, I-V test was done using Keithley 2620A and absorbance test using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer Lambda 25. The results of the characterization obtained the highest efficiency 5.5 x 10-2%. While the absorbance test obtained absorption peaks in the wavelength range for each watercolor dye 400-440 nm and 640-680 nm.
Fabrication of Nano-Calcium Carbonate Precipitate by Ultrasonic Milling Technique using Ethylene Glycol Media
Authors: Sulistiyono E , Handayani M , Arwanda M R , Kusumaningsih T
Published: October 2019

Calcium Carbonate Precipitate is one of the filler ingredients which have the advantage of being neutral to all materials, light and harmless. Along with the widespread use of composite materials, it is necessary to develop smaller size nano calcium carbonate materials having nano-size properties that are superior to ordinary calcium carbonate precipitates. The purpose of this study is to obtain nano-carbonate precipitate materials with the particle size below 100 nm. In this study, the method used is starting from the preparation of calcium carbonate precipitate through a carbonation process, and then an ultrasonic milling process with ethylene glycol media is carried out. The process step is calcination, then the slaking process with water and then the carbonation process using carbon dioxide gas. Variables in the process of making calcium carbonate precipitates were not carried out, whereas in the ultrasonic milling process the variables in the process were ultrasonic time and the use of amplitude. The results of the experiment are then analysed by testing the sediment rate to obtain optimal grain size results, then the PSA Nano analysis in wet conditions and SEM analysis after the product is dried. The experimental results showed that the optimum yield of calcium carbonate precipitate granules with a size of 64 nm at 20 minutes of the ultrasonic time and the use of waves with an amplitude of 30%.
Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced-Based Magnesium Metal Matrix Composites Prepared by Powder Metallurgy
Authors: Handayani M , Ganta M , Darsono N , Sulistiyono E , Lestari F P. , Erryani A , Astawa I N G P , Lusiana  , S Azhari N
Published: October 2019

Nanostructured carbons, for example, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) arise much attraction in the last decades because of its remarkable physical and mechanical properties. The unique physical, chemical and mechanical properties of CNTs make them attractive for biomedical applications. CNTs have been used to modify conventional biomedical materials to enhance mechanical properties, biocompatibility, or to impart other functionalities. One of the metal materials which attract high attention in the biomedical field for orthopaedics application is Magnesium. Recently, many researchers are studying the magnesium reinforced with a different kind of reinforcement. As a lightest metal structure material, magnesium matrix composites show many advantages over monolithic magnesium and magnesium alloys. In this study, Magnesium metal matrix was reinforced by multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in order to observe the physical and the mechanical properties of the composites. The MWCNTs-Reinforced based magnesium MMC was performed using powder metallurgy process with MWCNTs loading are: 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 %. The temperature of the sintering process was conducted at 600°C by flowing argon gas during the process with the holding time of 2 hours. The experiment result exhibited that the porosity of MMC was increased with the reinforcement by the increasing of the loading MWCNTs observed by metallography and SEM. The mechanical properties showed that the loading of MWCNTs 0.1 % increased the micro-hardness of MMC about 19% compared to pure magnesium, with the peaks at the loading of MWCNTs 0.3 % which increased the mechanical properties about 0.31% at highest hardness value of 46.5 HV.
Effect of TiO2 Addition on Physical and Spectroscopic Properties of TeO2-ZnO-Na2O Glasses
Authors: Marzuki Ahmad , Ega Fausta Devara
Published: October 2019

This paper presents the effect of TiO2 addition on the physical and optical properties of TeO2-ZnO-Na2O glasses. For this study, glasses with the compositions of 63.16TeO2 - (31.57-x) ZnO – 5.26 Na2O – xTiO2 (where x = 1.06, 2.11, 3.16, and 4.22 mol%) were prepared with melt quenching technique. Glasses were characterized in order to obtained glass density, refractive index, and absorption spectra ranging from UV to IR regions. From these basic data, we have evaluated the values of molar volume, oxygen packed density, polaron radius, inter-ionic distance, field strength, and optical band gap. It was observed that incorporating TiO2 into the glasses to substitute ZnO have resulted in decreasing the values of density, inter-ionic distance, and field strength; and yet increasing molar volume, oxygen packed density and polaron radius. The structural units building the glass networks have also been evaluated.
Optimization Combination of Suweg Starch (Amorphophallus campanulatus Decne) and Gembili Starch (Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burk.) as Filler of Ibuprofen Tablet by Simplex Lattice Design Method
Authors: Ermawati D E , Hidayah N N , Rohmani S
Published: October 2019

Tablet is pharmaceutical dosage form that simple and efficient in drug delivery system. Ibuprofen tablet is usually taken along with food or milk to reduce side effects on the gastrointestinal tract. Starch of Suweg and Gembili are not yet widely developed as excipients in tablet formulation. Based on Biopharmaceutics Classification Systems, ibuprofen includes in BCS class II with high permeability and low solubility. This study want to formulate ibuprofen tablets using combination of suweg and gembili starch with wet granulation method. However, the optimum proportion of starch composition is not yet known, so optimization is needed with the simplex lattice design method using Design Expert software. Obtained 8 formulas with physical response: granule flow time, tablet weight uniformity and disintegration time of tablets. The optimization shows that the optimum composition of suweg and gembili starch are 51.809%: 48.191%. The result of statistical analysis [t-test] physical parameters of granule and tablet of ibuprofen optimum formula were not significantly different (p-value > 0.05) with Design Expert prediction. Based on the requirements of Pharmacopeia Indonesia 4th Edition the results of optimum formula test provide good physical test with granule flow time 3.583±0.130 seconds; tablet weight uniformity 498.333±5.080 mg, hardness tablet 4.780±0.130 Kg, friability vvof tablets 0.904% and the disintegration time of tablets 6.833±0.750 minutes. The dissolution profile of the optimum formula showed %DE at 60 minutes is 76.975±0.037%. Consentration of ibuprofen in tablet is 191.755±5.847 mg and percentage of ibuprofen in tablet is 95.877±2.293%.
Optimization of Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) of Annona muricata L. leaves chloroform extract using VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil) as an oil phase
Authors: Sulkhan A A R , Artanti A N , Ermawati D E , Prihapsara F
Published: October 2019

Annona muricata L. also called as soursop is one of medicinal plants that have a broad spectrum of biological activities and the most impressive of which is anticancer activity. Annonaceous acetogenins (ACGs) have been shown to successfully induce death in cancer cell. However, the solubility of ACGs is poor, so modification of formula of Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) can be used for improving drug solubility. This study was used Annona muricata L. leaf chloroform extract then optimized to formula of SNEDDS using D-Optimal mixture design (Design Expert 9 Trial software). Sixteen formulas from the software consisting of oil phase (VCO), surfactant (tween 80-cremophor EL), and co-surfactant (propylene glycol) were tested of loading dose extract and characterized for transmittance, emulsification time, and phase separation. One sample t-test was used for verification, then the optimum SNEDDS was evaluated against particle size, polidispersity index, zeta potential, and TLC test was used to predict the active ingredient in the extract. The optimum SNEDDS consisting of 22.00% oil : 60.79% surfactant : 17.21% co-surfactant showed desirability value 0.608 and can loaded 25 mg/g extract. The optimum SNEDDS showed 84.4% (SE ± 1.64) of transmittance; 14.79 seconds (SE ± 1.81) of emulsification time; and 0.898 (SE ± 0.01) of phase separation. The verification test showed no significant difference (p >0.05) between the observation and the prediction from the software. Evaluation results showed 42.73 nm (SE ± 0.49) of the particle size; polidispersity index 0.37 (SE ± 0.10); -27.43 mV (SE ± 0.26) of zeta potential, and TLC results showed similarity of active ingredient in the extract with the active compound of the fraction. Therefore, from these results suggest that the optimum SNEDDS achieved the nanoparticle size for SNEDDS formulation and may be improving drug solubility.
Influence of CMC-Na Concentration to Physical Properties of SNEDDS Kersen leaves Ethanolic Extract Gel
Authors: Ermawati D E , Wulandari C
Published: October 2019

Kersen leaves (Muntingia calabura L.) consist of flavonoid, saponin and tannin that has bacteriostatic activity to bacteria caused acnes such as Staphylococcus epidermidis. In this research the extract is loaded into SNEDDS [Self Nano Emulsifying Drugs Delivery System] in order to optimalize the absorbtion of active substances because of the lipophilic character of stratum corneum. SNEDDS then dispersed into hydrogel matrix in order to help aplication on skin. Kersen leaves extracted using ethanol 96 % by maceration method. SNEDDS formula compotition are candlenut oil, tween 80 as surfactant and PEG 400 as co-surfactan in ratio 1:6:1, that contained 30 mg extracts each system. The hydrogel matrix made with carbopol with variation concentrations: 0.06 %; 0.13 % and 0.19 %, then physical property test: organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, separation, adhesive and cycling test. Data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA to know the influence of variation of CMC-Na concentration. The results showed that SNEDDS Kersen leaves Ethanolic Extract with 0.06 % carbopol concentration indicated an optimum formula based on physical stability tests. Statistical analysis of the variation of carbopol concentration showed a significant difference on physical characteristics there are: viscosity, pH, homogeneity, and separation test.
Formulation and the release of eugenol from cream using glycerin base
Authors: Rohmani S , Miararani N , Yugatama A , Ermawati D E , Prihapsara F
Published: October 2019

Eugenol consist of phenol, which have antibacterial effect. The aims of this research were to observed the characteristics of cream dosage form, eugenol released profile, and determined the effect of glycerin as water base through in vitro evaluation. Cream was made with glycerin as enhancer and water base. Various concentration of glycerin (10%, 15%, and 20%) were added to eugenol cream. Cream evaluation included organoleptic, homogenity, pH, stickiness, spreadability, viscosity, and eugenol released test from cream base of each formula. Drug released test was carried out eith Erweka Dissolution tester using apparatus 5 paddle overdisk. Phosphate buffer 7.4±0.05 was using as medium, with 32˚C and 200 rpm rotation. The resul showed that eugenol can be formulated into cream, because of the evaluation has met the reqruitments of test quality. Those quality were organoleptic, homogenitu, pH, stickiness, viscosity and spreading test. Concentration analysis of eugenol cream in glcerin various concentration were evaluated using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The result showed that total concentration of eugenol in cream were 107.11%; 99.91%; 105.63%. The result of eugenol released test were 11.53%; 11.38%; 10.96%. Eugenol cream with 10% of glycerin concentration has the highest perfomance as enhancer and water base.
Purification of Cassiterite Mineral Bangka Indonesia by Pyrometallurgy and Hydrometallurgy Methods
Authors: Trisnawati E W , Andriyah L , Wahyuningsih S , Lalasari L H , Arini T , Firdiyono F
Published: October 2019

The cassiterite mineral is producing mineral of tin. It is widely used in the manufacture of catalysts such as FTO (Fluorine Tin Oxide) glass coatings or as a SnO2 pigment. Tin is usually used in energy and electronics sector. Cassiterite can be found on the islands of Bangka, Belitung, Kundur, Singkep, Karimun and Kampar. In Indonesia, cassiterite mixed with other minerals such as ilmenite, quartz sand, zircon, rutile, pyrite, calcite, lanthanum and monazite. Those mixtures able to give rise of problems if used as raw chemical materials in tin production. The purifying process of cassiterite is done by pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy methods. The XRF and XRD analysis of raw cassiterite show that the main components are Sn and O. The decomposition process is done by mixing cassiterite and kalium sulfate (K2SO4) with a ratio of 2:3. The leaching process is performed using KOH to dissolve SnO2 because the compound is soluble in a strong base. The optimum result is obtained at decomposition temperature 800 and time of 4 hours. The intermediate product kalium stannate (K2SnO3) is not formed because cassiterite has a structure which may cause some difficulties to react with the salt kalium sulfate (K2SO4).
A comparative study between the addition of NH4Cl and KCl in NaNO3 and NaF-based degassers in aluminum casting
Authors: Dhaneswara D , Fatriansyah J F , Basa A R
Published: October 2019

The quality of Al-Si casting product is important for its applications, however the molten aluminum has high solubility of H2 at melting temperature in the casting process, so the formation of gas porosity during aluminum solidification is inevitable. This can cause a major drawback to the mechanical properties. The most common method to remove hydrogen gases in the molten metal is degassing. In this experiment, a conventional degassing method using Sodium Nitrate-Sodium Fluoride based degasser is conducted. Al-Si12 was melted at 720 °C then the degasser was plunged into the furnace bottom and held for three minutes. The results show better mechanical properties by the addition of degasser. This is because the degasser binds H2 gases which is formed in the melting process. The mechanical properties between casting products that use NaF-NaNO3 degasser and NaF-NaNO3 with addition of NH4Cl or KCl were measured and compared. The lowest mechanical properties were obtained when using degasser without NH4Cl or KCl. This is because NH4Cl or KCl is reactive and helps with the efficiency of degasser.
One-pot solvothermal synthesis and characterization of UiO-66/HKUST-1 composites
Authors: Ediati R , Zulfa L L , Nugroho K A , Mukminin A , Sulistiono D O , Nadjib M , Kusumawati Y
Published: October 2019

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising crystalline materials for various application due to their controllable porous structure and large specific surface area. Their properties can be further improved by several means, such as making a binary MOF comprising of two different MOFs. In this research, UiO-66/HKUST-1 composites have been synthesized by solvothermal method, in which the UiO-66 was prepared at 120 °C for 24 h in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) prior to preparation of HKUST-1 at 100 °C for 10 h in solvent mixture of DMF, ethanol and water. Amounts of Zr2+ for the synthesis of UiO-66 added during the synthesis process were varied at 5, 10 and 20% toward the amount of Cu2+ for synthesis of HKUST-1. Diffractogram patterns of the obtained composites showed dominant characteristic peaks, similar to that reported for HKUST-1. Furthermore, FTIR spectra of all solids showed absorption bands at the same wavenumbers as reported for HKUST-1. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) images showed the spread of Zr metal evenly on the pore of composites.
Effect of citric acid on setting-time and compressive strength of concrete
Authors: Purnomo J , Sumarni S , Saputro I N
Published: October 2019

Citric acid is an organic acid naturally present in fruits, one of the ingredients that can be used as a retarder in a concrete mixture. As retarder serves to slow the timing of concrete hardening. In the implication the use of this material affects the time of hardening and compressive strength, therefore need a better control to get the optimal value. The test sample used was 36 with variation of addition of citric acid 0%, 0.15%, 0.3%, 0.45% for the weight of cement. The results obtained the greater the addition of citric acid the longer the hardening of concrete and the greater workability of concrete. The maximum value of compressive strength of concrete is in the addition of 0.15% citric acid with an increase in compressive strength of 82.2% of the nominal concrete.
The Compressive Strength of Post-Fire Concrete Prepared with Bamboo Fiber
Authors: Nurhidayati A , Rahmawati A , Isnantyo F D , Putri C F R
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this research was to identify the compressive strength of the concrete post-fire with the addition of bamboo fiber length variation. This research used quantitative experimental method. The independent variables were bamboo fiber length variation (2 cm, 3 cm and 4 cm by 1.5% proportion of cement weight, and the combustion temperature variation (200 °C, 300 °C and 400 °C). The dependent variable was compressive strength of concrete. The result showed that the addition of bamboo fiber length variation and combustion temperature variation producing the maximum unit of concrete compressive strength was found in bamboo fiber with length of 2 cm and burned at 200 °C. The value decreased with the increase of combustion temperature. The length of 4 cm bamboo fiber produced the highest compressive strength with the maximum compressive strength 20.93 MPa.
Design and properties of asphalt concrete with various plastic waste in dry processed
Authors: Pamungkas RA , Bagaskara C , Prabanto BA , Rahmat AN , Pambayun WB , Anggoro YS , Setyawan A
Published: October 2019

Plastic is a waste that cannot be decomposed easily, plastic need about a ten to hundreds years to be decomposed perfectly depends on the plastic type. According to CNN, Indonesia is a second largest plastic waste contributor after China with more than 1 million in a minute, 50 percent are just single use then throw away and 5 percent are the truly recycle plastic waste. Along with the current development, there are a lot of innovations to the all things, one of them is substitute the aggregate with plastic, in this thing, plastic will substitute the aggregate pass the ¾ aggregate filters and strained the number 4 aggregate filter substitute with LDPE, PP and PET Plastic each. This research is aimed for evaluating and comparing the effect of adding or substitute the aggregate with LDPE, PP and PET plastics type for designing asphalt concrete. There are four test that related to strength and durability of Asphalt Cocrete: Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS), Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) test, Cantabro test, and Permeability test, each of them has a value and each of test will be comparing the specimen test whose aggregate is substitute on LDPE, PP and PET. The result of this research show that in the UCS test PP miture speciment test can hold the vertical pressure 253.41% stronger than PET and 399.12% stronger than LDPE. In ITS test PP mix object 56.29% stronger than PET and 396.90% stronger than LDPE. In the Cantabro test PP mix has durability 1.33% better than PET and 1.60% better than LDPE and in the Permeability test PP has a better classification to be the Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course with Practically Impervious classification.
The Physical and Mechanical Properties of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Modified Binder
Authors: Setyawan A , Sistra M D , Sarwono D , Djumari  , Zulfadly
Published: October 2019

During its service life, road pavement can easily crack, perforated or deformed. These damages happen as a result of low quality asphalt which indicated by its penetration index and stiffness value. 60/70 penetration asphalt modified by EVA polymer is expected to increase penetration index and stiffness value. Some experiments in the laboratory were carried out based on specified requirements and SNI-2011 asphalt testing procedures. The solid EVA was mixed with the liquid asphalt pen 60/70 at a medium to high temperature until it reaches 250 °C. During the mixing, this mixture was stirred for approximately ±15 minutes until homogeneous. These experiments consist of ductility test, penetration test, softening point test, flash point test, fire point test, specific gravity test, lose on heating test and asphalt stickiness to aggregate test. From the experiment, it can be concluded that the addition of 3.5% EVA in the asphalt pen 60/70 is generally acceptable based on the ductility value of SNI-2011 qualification. The addition of 3.5% give the ductility value of 130 cm, flash point of 300 °C, fire point of 310 °C, softening point of 54 °C, specific gravity of 1.020 gr/cc, asphalt stickiness to aggregate of 100% covered, and lose on heating of 0.037%. Nevertheless the experiment results in penetration value of 37.27 which doesn’t conform the qualification of asphalt pen 60/70. This penetration value resulting in penetration index value of -0.9. This shows that the asphalt resist to the temperature changing. Theoretical predictions of asphalt characteristics using BANDS 2.0 showed that the addition of EVA can increase the penetration index and the stiffness of the bitumen.
The development of Student Attandance System using RFID and Internet of Things (IoT) technology
Authors: Safi’ie M A , Hartono R , Pratama G
Published: October 2019

The attandance of student in the classroom is reflecting their academic performance, the Department of Informatics Engineering in the Universitas Sebelas Maret used a manual way to record student attendance. The manual way is using papers to record student attendance and lecture activities, it may suffer to human error, because attandee can manipulate their presence and the departments can’t monitor them. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) can be applied to identify various things, because it has unique information codes saved in a special chip called tags. RFID can be applied to developed an attendance system prototype. The term of Internet of Things (IoT) can be described as an embedded system with internet data exchange, by using this technology we can monitored and controlled the devices, also we can integrate the database. The aim of this research is to measure the data speed of the prototype of RFID attendance system, the prototype has function to stored, process, and record the student attendance in the Department of Informatics Engineering.
Smart Energy Meter based on Arduino and Internet of Things
Authors: Yoeseph N M , Safi’ie M A , Purnomo F A
Published: October 2019

Energy meter is a measuring instrument to calculate the amound of electric energy consumed by an electrically powered device. The energy metering which measure line voltage, current, and calculating active power can be used to increase usage efficiency of electricity. This paper presets a system which provide real time energy meter reading using ACS712 as current sensor, ZMPT101B as voltage sensor, arduino and an IoT server. The energy meter can display consumed energy in kWh and electricity bills to be paid. system’s user interface is in Android. the error in current measurement is less than 2 % and error for peak to peak voltage measurement is 4 %. A notification for the amount of electricity energy usage or electricity cost can be generated for user to be displayed.
Bound state energies of a diatomic quantum dot molecule in a magnetic field
Authors: Ma’arif M , Suparmi A , Cari C
Published: October 2019

We investigate energy levels of a diatomic quantum dot by using an analytical method. We use Schrodinger equation for spherical quantum dot molecule in the presence of a static magnetic field and a confining potential which is Morse potential. We obtain the ground state and the excited states eigen solutions which are compared with the experimental data.
Flood damage reduction benefits and costs in Louisiana’s 2017 Coastal Master Plan
Authors: Fischbach Jordan R , Johnson David R , Groves David G
Published: October 2019

The State of Louisiana faces a substantial planning challenge in addressing the joint problems of rapid coastal land loss and storm surge flood risk, exacerbated by rising sea levels and land subsidence. To address these twin challenges, Louisiana has developed a series of coastwide master plans that include substantial investments in coastal restoration and hurricane flood risk reduction, with the most recent update in 2017 that includes about $50 billion in projects to be implemented over 50 years (approximately 2016–2065). This research builds on the integrated modeling analysis conducted in support of Louisiana’s 2017 Coastal Master Plan. We use the Coastal Louisiana Risk Assessment (CLARA) model to project coastal flood damage over time under different scenarios, either in a future without action or with the master plan implemented according to its intended schedule. Analysis results suggest positive, notable benefits from risk reduction investments over a range of assumptions about future conditions and economic considerations. We estimate a 50-year net economic benefit from master plan risk reduction investments of $39.6 to $59.8 billion (benefit-cost ratios of 3.0 to 4.1) across several future scenarios with a 3% assumed discount rate, for instance. Scenarios with higher sea level rise (SLR) and coastal subsidence rates generally yield greater net economic benefit from flood risk reduction investments. Net benefit from risk reduction investments is negative only with the highest discount rate assumption (7%) and if costs are somewhat higher than initially estimated for structural or nonstructural projects. In general, implementing the master plan could yield considerable net economic benefit from damage reduction investment for coastal Louisiana in many plausible future scenarios if implemented as planned.
Novel strain analysis informs about injury susceptibility of the corpus callosum to repeated impacts
Authors: Champagne Allen A , Peponoulas Emile , Terem Itamar , Ross Andrew , Tayebi Maryam , Chen Yining , Coverdale Nicole S , Nielsen Poul M F , Wang Alan , Shim Vickie , Holdsworth Samantha J , Cook Douglas J
Published: October 2019

Increasing evidence for the cumulative effects of head trauma on structural integrity of the brain has emphasized the need to understand the relationship between tissue mechanic properties and injury susceptibility. Here, diffusion tensor imaging, helmet accelerometers and amplified magnetic resonance imaging were combined to gather insight about the region-specific vulnerability of the corpus callosum to microstructural changes in white-matter integrity upon exposure to sub-concussive impacts. A total of 33 male Canadian football players (meanage = 20.3 ± 1.4 years) were assessed at three time points during a football season (baseline pre-season, mid-season and post-season). The athletes were split into a LOW (N = 16) and HIGH (N = 17) exposure group based on the frequency of sub-concussive impacts sustained on a per-session basis, measured using the helmet-mounted accelerometers. Longitudinal decreases in fractional anisotropy were observed in anterior and posterior regions of the corpus callosum (average cluster size = 40.0 ± 4.4 voxels; P < 0.05, corrected) for athletes from the HIGH exposure group. These results suggest that the white-matter tract may be vulnerable to repetitive sub-concussive collisions sustained over the course of a football season. Using these findings as a basis for further investigation, a novel exploratory analysis of strain derived from sub-voxel motion of brain tissues in response to cardiac impulses was developed using amplified magnetic resonance imaging. This approach revealed specific differences in strain (and thus possibly stiffness) along the white-matter tract (P < 0.0001) suggesting a possible signature relationship between changes in white-matter integrity and tissue mechanical properties. In light of these findings, additional information about the viscoelastic behaviour of white-matter tissues may be imperative in elucidating the mechanisms responsible for region-specific differences in injury susceptibility observed, for instance, through changes in microstructural integrity following exposure to sub-concussive head impacts.
Tradeoff between Default Risk and Efficiency Loss
Authors: Lee Jin Hyung
Published: October 2019

The study characterizes an equilibrium bid function with three bidders in an average bid auction (ABA), where a winning bid is the one closest to an average of all submitted bids, when a cost overrun can occur, and an insolvent winner is penalized. First of all, every bidder bids an identical amount in the absence of the penalty. Meanwhile, when the penalty is charged high enough to prevent all bidders from breaching the contract due to cost overruns, either some bidders bid identically and the rest follow a strictly increasing bidding strategy, or all bidders place an identical bid. Based on the characterization, the ABA is compared to the first price reverse auction (FPA) in terms of a buyer’s benefit. The ABA could be more beneficial to the buyer without any penalty in spite of an insolvent winner’s default. If nobody defaults on his bid due to the high penalty, however, the FPA is good to the buyer. This result partly explains the rationale for the ABA in Italy. (JEL codes: C78, D82)
Oral vs Intravenous Antibiotics for Patients With Klebsiella pneumoniae Liver Abscess: A Randomized, Controlled Noninferiority Study
Authors: Molton James S , Chan Monica , Kalimuddin Shirin , Oon Jolene , Young Barnaby E , Low Jenny G , Salada Brenda M A , Lee Tau Hong , Wijaya Limin , Fisher Dale A , Izharuddin Ezlyn , Koh Tse Hsien , Teo Jeanette W P , Krishnan Prabha Unny , Tan Bien Peng , Woon Winston W L , Ding Ying , Wei Yuan , Phillips Rachel , Moorakonda Rajesh , Yuen Kah Hung , Cher Boon Piang , Yoong Joanne , Lye David C , Archuleta Sophia
Published: October 2019

Background

Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess (KLA) is emerging worldwide due to hypermucoviscous strains with a propensity for metastatic infection. Treatment includes drainage and prolonged intravenous antibiotics. We aimed to determine whether oral antibiotics were noninferior to continued intravenous antibiotics for KLA.

Methods

This noninferiority, parallel group, randomized, clinical trial recruited hospitalized adults with liver abscess and K. pneumoniae isolated from blood or abscess fluid who had received ≤7 days of effective antibiotics at 3 sites in Singapore. Patients were randomized 1:1 to oral (ciprofloxacin) or intravenous (ceftriaxone) antibiotics for 28 days. If day 28 clinical response criteria were not met, further oral antibiotics were prescribed until clinical response was met. The primary endpoint was clinical cure assessed at week 12 and included a composite of absence of fever in the preceding week, C-reactive protein <20 mg/L, and reduction in abscess size. A noninferiority margin of 12% was used.

Results

Between November 2013 and October 2017, 152 patients (mean age, 58.7 years; 25.7% women) were recruited, following a median 5 days of effective intravenous antibiotics. A total of 106 (69.7%) underwent abscess drainage; 71/74 (95.9%) randomized to oral antibiotics met the primary endpoint compared with 72/78 (92.3%) randomized to intravenous antibiotics (risk difference, 3.6%; 2-sided 95% confidence interval, −4.9% to 12.8%). Effects were consistent in the per-protocol population. Nonfatal serious adverse events occurred in 12/72 (16.7%) in the oral group and 13/77 (16.9%) in the intravenous group.

Conclusions

Oral antibiotics were noninferior to intravenous antibiotics for the early treatment of KLA.

Clinical Trials Registration

NCT01723150.
Chronic intermittent tachypacing by an optogenetic approach induces arrhythmia vulnerability in human engineered heart tissue
Authors: Lemme Marta , Braren Ingke , Prondzynski Maksymilian , Aksehirlioglu Bülent , Ulmer Bärbel M , Schulze Mirja L , Ismaili Djemail , Meyer Christian , Hansen Arne , Christ Torsten , Lemoine Marc D , Eschenhagen Thomas
Published: October 2019

Aims

Chronic tachypacing is commonly used in animals to induce cardiac dysfunction and to study mechanisms of heart failure and arrhythmogenesis. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) may replace animal models to overcome species differences and ethical problems. Here, 3D engineered heart tissue (EHT) was used to investigate the effect of chronic tachypacing on hiPSC-cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs).

Methods and results

To avoid cell toxicity by electrical pacing, we developed an optogenetic approach. EHTs were transduced with lentivirus expressing channelrhodopsin-2 (H134R) and stimulated by 15 s bursts of blue light pulses (0.3 mW/mm2, 30 ms, 3 Hz) separated by 15 s without pacing for 3 weeks. Chronic optical tachypacing did not affect contractile peak force, but induced faster contraction kinetics, shorter action potentials, and shorter effective refractory periods. This electrical remodelling increased vulnerability to tachycardia episodes upon electrical burst pacing. Lower calsequestrin 2 protein levels, faster diastolic depolarization (DD) and efficacy of JTV-519 (46% at 1 µmol/L) to terminate tachycardia indicate alterations of Ca2+ handling being part of the underlying mechanism. However, other antiarrhythmic compounds like flecainide (69% at 1 µmol/L) and E-4031 (100% at 1 µmol/L) were also effective, but not ivabradine (1 µmol/L) or SEA0400 (10 µmol/L).

Conclusion

We demonstrated a high vulnerability to tachycardia of optically tachypaced hiPSC-CMs in EHT and the effective termination by ryanodine receptor stabilization, sodium or hERG potassium channel inhibition. This new model might serve as a preclinical tool to test antiarrhythmic drugs increasing the insight in treating ventricular tachycardia.
Down-regulated RGS5 by genetic variants impairs endothelial cell function and contributes to coronary artery disease
Authors: Li Yang , Yan Han , Guo Jian , Han Yingchun , Zhang Cuifang , Liu Xiuying , Du Jie , Tian Xiao-Li
Published: October 2019

Aims

Genetic contribution to coronary artery disease (CAD) remains largely unillustrated. Although transcriptomic profiles have identified dozens of genes that are differentially expressed in normal and atherosclerotic vessels, whether those genes are genetically associated with CAD remains to be determined. Here, we combined genetic association studies, transcriptome profiles and in vitro and in vivo functional experiments to identify novel susceptibility genes for CAD.

Methods and results

Through an integrative analysis of transcriptome profiles with genome-wide association studies for CAD, we obtained 18 candidate genes and selected one representative single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) for each gene for multi-centred validations. We identified an intragenic SNP, rs1056515 in RGS5 gene (odds ratio = 1.17, 95% confidence interval =1.10–1.24, P = 3.72 × 10−8) associated with CAD at genome-wide significance. Rare genetic variants in linkage disequilibrium with rs1056515 were identified in CAD patients leading to a decreased expression of RGS5. The decreased expression was also observed in atherosclerotic vessels and endothelial cells treated by various cardiovascular risk factors. Through siRNA knockdown and adenoviral overexpression, we further showed that RGS5 regulated endothelial inflammation, vascular remodelling, as well as canonical NF-κB signalling activation. Moreover, CXCL12, a specific downstream target of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway, was strongly affected by RGS5. However, the p100 processing, a well-documented marker for non-canonical NF-κB pathway activation, was not altered, suggesting an existence of a novel mechanism by which RGS5 regulates CXCL12.

Conclusions

We identified RGS5 as a novel susceptibility gene for CAD and showed that the decreased expression of RGS5 impaired endothelial cell function and functionally contributed to atherosclerosis through a variety of molecular mechanisms. How RGS5 regulates the expression of CXCL12 needs further studies.
Effusion and coin shadow: is there a relation? A case report
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Mohsen
Published: October 2019

Background

Malignant pericardial effusion is a common consequence of various types of cancer. The diagnosis of cardiac tamponade in malignant effusion may be challenging, as the typical echocardiographic signs are not met. Patients with cancer can present with cardiac tamponade in form of tachycardia (rather that hypotension) that improves after pericardiocentesis.

Case summary

A 70-year-old female patient presented to the emergency department with rapid development of shortness of breath over a week. Her past medical history included oesophageal carcinoma 1 year before presentation. This was complicated by dysphagia for which the patient underwent oesophageal stenting 5 months before admission. On admission, the patient was in respiratory distress, tachycardia; however, she was normotensive. Echocardiography revealed massive circumferential pericardial effusion. Apart from significant respiratory variation in mitral and tricuspid inflow, the echocardiographic features of tamponade were absent. We discuss on how we applied European Society of Cardiology guidelines in order to calculate the pericardiocentesis score and make a firm management plan. Despite that the patient was normotensive, the pericardiocentesis score was 13.5, so urgent pericardiocentesis was done followed by immediate improvement.

Discussion

This case demonstrates that oncology patients can present with tamponade in the form of tachycardia rather than hypotension as the slow course of effusion formation allows the body to compensate by increasing the heart rate and peripheral vascular resistance, thus maintaining the blood pressure. The application of ‘pericardiocentesis score’ is very helpful in such patients. Score equal or greater than 6 necessitates urgent pericardiocentesis even if the blood pressure is normal.
A case report of a late left atrial appendage perforation 4 months after occluder implant: reason for or caused by a resuscitation?
Authors: Schenke Karsten , Geidel Stephan , Keller Christian , Grönefeld Gerian
Published: October 2019

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common disease and can lead to cardioembolic stroke. Stroke prevention according to the CHA2DS2VASc score is achieved via oral anticoagulation. In recent years, interventional occlusion of the left atrial appendage (LAA) has become a common alternative. Besides showing non-inferiority in large trials compared with warfarin interventional LAA occlusion can lead to serious adverse events with most of them occurring peri-interventionally.

Case summary

A 75-year-old man with AF and recurrent gastrointestinal bleedings was referred for an interventional closure of the LAA. The intervention was successful with an ABBOTT® Amulet device. Four months later, the patient had to be resuscitated. Return of spontaneous circulation occurred after 10 min. On hospital arrival, echocardiography revealed a pericardial tamponade and 2 L of blood were drained. A coronary angiogram revealed a lesion with active leakage of contrast agent in the proximal circumflex artery. The patient was transferred to the cardiac surgery department immediately. Intra-operatively a perforation of the tissue at the basis of the LAA close to the left main coronary artery was discovered. The occluder was excised and the LAA was closed by endocardial sutures.

Discussion

In this report, we review the literature concerning interventional LAA occlusion and the reported cases of LAA perforation. Retrospectively, it remains unclear whether the perforation caused the resuscitation or was induced by it. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a laceration of a coronary artery by an occlusion device.
Impact of non-respect of SYNTAX score II recommendation for surgery in patients with left main coronary artery disease treated by percutaneous coronary intervention: an EXCEL substudy
Authors: Modolo Rodrigo , Chichareon Ply , van Klaveren David , Dressler Ovidiu , Zhang Yiran , Sabik Joseph F , Onuma Yoshinobu , Kappetein Arie Pieter , Stone Gregg W , Serruys Patrick W
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVES

The SYNTAX score II (SSII) was developed from the SYNTAX trial to predict the 4-year all-cause mortality after left main or multivessel disease revascularization and to facilitate the decision-making process. The SSII provides the following treatment recommendations: (i) coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (equipoise risk), (ii) CABG preferred (excessive risk for PCI) or (iii) PCI preferred (excessive risk for CABG). We sought to externally validate SSII and to investigate the impact of not abiding by the SSII recommendations in the randomized EXCEL trial of PCI versus CABG for left main disease.

METHODS

The calibration plot of predicted versus observed 4-year mortality was constructed from individual values of SSII in EXCEL. To assess overestimation versus underestimation of predicted mortality risk, an optimal fit regression line with slope and intercept was determined. Prospective treatment recommendations based on SSII were compared with actual treatments and all-cause mortality at 4 years.

RESULTS

SSII variables were available from EXCEL trial in 1807/1905 (95%) patients. For the entire cohort, discrimination was possibly helpful (C statistic = 0.670). SSII-predicted all-cause mortality at 4 years overestimated the observed mortality, particularly in the highest-risk percentiles, as confirmed by the fit regression line [intercept 2.37 (1.51–3.24), P = 0.003; slope 0.67 (0.61–0.74), P < 0.001]. When the SSII-recommended treatment was CABG, randomized EXCEL patients treated with PCI had a trend towards higher mortality compared with those treated with CABG (14.1% vs 5.3%, P = 0.07) in the as-treat population. In the intention-to-treat population, patients randomized to PCI had higher mortality compared with those randomized to CABG (15.1% vs 4.1%, P = 0.02), when SSII recommended CABG.

CONCLUSIONS

In the EXCEL trial of patients with left main disease, the SSII-predicted 4-year mortality overestimated the 4-year observed mortality with a possibly helpful discrimination. Non-compliance with SSII CABG treatment recommendations (i.e. randomized to PCI) was associated with higher 4-year all-cause mortality.