bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human motion component and envelope characterization via wireless wearable sensors
Authors: Ammann Kaitlyn R. , Ahamed Touhid , Sweedo Alice L. , Ghaffari Roozbeh , Weiner Yonatan E. , Slepian Rebecca C. , Jo Hongki , Slepian Marvin J.
Published: February 2020

Background

The characterization of limb biomechanics has broad implications for analyzing and managing motion in aging, sports, and disease. Motion capture videography and on-body wearable sensors are powerful tools for characterizing linear and angular motions of the body, though are often cumbersome, limited in detection, and largely non-portable. Here we examine the feasibility of utilizing an advanced wearable sensor, fabricated with stretchable electronics, to characterize linear and angular movements of the human arm for clinical feedback. A wearable skin-adhesive patch with embedded accelerometer and gyroscope (BioStampRC, MC10 Inc.) was applied to the volar surface of the forearm of healthy volunteers. Arms were extended/flexed for the range of motion of three different regimes: 1) horizontal adduction/abduction 2) flexion/extension 3) vertical abduction. Data were streamed and recorded revealing the signal “pattern” of movement in three separate axes. Additional signal processing and filtering afforded the ability to visualize these motions in each plane of the body; and the 3-dimensional motion envelope of the arm.

Results

Each of the three motion regimes studied had a distinct pattern – with identifiable qualitative and quantitative differences. Integration of all three movement regimes allowed construction of a “motion envelope,” defining and quantifying motion (range and shape – including the outer perimeter of the extreme of motion – i.e. the envelope) of the upper extremity. The linear and rotational motion results from multiple arm motions match measurements taken with videography and benchtop goniometer.

Conclusions

A conformal, stretchable electronic motion sensor effectively captures limb motion in multiple degrees of freedom, allowing generation of characteristic signatures which may be readily recorded, stored, and analyzed. Wearable conformal skin adherent sensor patchs allow on-body, mobile, personalized determination of motion and flexibility parameters. These sensors allow motion assessment while mobile, free of a fixed laboratory environment, with utility in the field, home, or hospital. These sensors and mode of analysis hold promise for providing digital “motion biomarkers” of health and disease.
Impact of Exogenous Testosterone on Reproduction in Transgender Men
Authors: Moravek Molly B , Kinnear Hadrian M , George Jenny , Batchelor Jourdin , Shikanov Ariella , Padmanabhan Vasantha , Randolph John F
Published: February 2020

Studies show that a subset of transgender men desire children; however, there is a paucity of literature on the effect of gender-affirming testosterone therapy on reproductive function. In this manuscript, we will review the process of gender-affirming hormone therapy for transgender men and what is known about ovarian and uterine consequences of testosterone exposure in transgender men; draw parallels with existing animal models of androgen exposure; summarize the existing literature on parenting experiences and desires in transgender people; discuss considerations for assisted reproductive technologies and fertility preservation; and identify gaps in the literature and opportunities for further research.
The Endothelial Barrier Is not Rate-limiting to Insulin Action in the Myocardium of Male Mice
Authors: Sanwal Rajiv , Khosraviani Negar , Advani Suzanne L , Advani Andrew , Lee Warren L
Published: February 2020

To act on tissues, circulating insulin must perfuse the relevant organ and then leave the bloodstream by crossing the endothelium—a process known as insulin delivery. It has been postulated that the continuous endothelium is a rate-limiting barrier to insulin delivery but existing data are contradictory. This conflict is in part due to the limitations of current models, including the inability to maintain a constant blood pressure in animals and the absence of shear stress in cultured cells. We developed a murine cardiac ex vivo perfusion model that delivers insulin to the heart in situ at a constant flow. We hypothesized that if the endothelial barrier were rate-limiting to insulin delivery, increasing endothelial permeability would accelerate insulin action. The kinetics of myocardial insulin action were determined in the presence or absence of agents that increased endothelial permeability. Permeability was measured using Evans Blue, which binds with high affinity to albumin. During our experiments, the myocardium remained sensitive to insulin and the vasculature retained barrier integrity. Perfusion with insulin induced Akt phosphorylation in myocytes but not in the endothelium. Infusion of platelet-activating factor or vascular endothelial growth factor significantly increased permeability to albumin without altering insulin action. Amiloride, an inhibitor of fluid-phase uptake, also did not alter insulin action. These data suggest that the endothelial barrier is not rate limiting to insulin’s action in the heart; its passage out of the coronary circulation is consistent with diffusion or convection. Modulation of transendothelial transport to overcome insulin resistance is unlikely to be a viable therapeutic strategy.
Canonical Wnt/β-catenin activity and differential epigenetic marks direct sexually dimorphic regulation of Irx3 and Irx5 in developing mouse gonads
Authors: Koth Megan L. , Garcia-Moreno S. Alexandra , Novak Annie , Holthusen Kirsten A. , Kothandapani Anbarasi , Jiang Keer , Taketo Makoto Mark , Nicol Barbara , Yao Humphrey H.-C. , Futtner Christopher R. , Maatouk Danielle M. , Jorgensen Joan S.
Published: February 2020

Members of the Iroquois B (IrxB) homeodomain cluster genes, specifically Irx3 and Irx5, are crucial for heart, limb and bone development. Recently, we reported their importance for oocyte and follicle survival within the developing ovary. Irx3 and Irx5 expression begins after sex determination in the ovary but remains absent in the fetal testis. Mutually antagonistic molecular signals ensure ovary versus testis differentiation with canonical Wnt/β-catenin signals paramount for promoting the ovary pathway. Notably, few direct downstream targets have been identified. We report that Wnt/β-catenin signaling directly stimulates Irx3 and Irx5 transcription in the developing ovary. Using in silico analysis of ATAC- and ChIP-Seq databases in conjunction with mouse gonad explant transfection assays, we identified TCF/LEF-binding sequences within two distal enhancers of the IrxB locus that promote β-catenin-responsive ovary expression. Meanwhile, Irx3 and Irx5 transcription is suppressed within the developing testis by the presence of H3K27me3 on these same sites. Thus, we resolved sexually dimorphic regulation of Irx3 and Irx5 via epigenetic and β-catenin transcriptional control where their ovarian presence promotes oocyte and follicle survival vital for future ovarian health.
c-Src controls stability of sprouting blood vessels in the developing retina independently of cell-cell adhesion through focal adhesion assembly
Authors: Schimmel Lilian , Fukuhara Daisuke , Richards Mark , Jin Yi , Essebier Patricia , Frampton Emmanuelle , Hedlund Marie , Dejana Elisabetta , Claesson-Welsh Lena , Gordon Emma
Published: February 2020

Endothelial cell adhesion is implicated in blood vessel sprout formation, yet how adhesion controls angiogenesis, and whether it occurs via rapid remodeling of adherens junctions or focal adhesion assembly, or both, remains poorly understood. Furthermore, how endothelial cell adhesion is controlled in particular tissues and under different conditions remains unexplored. Here, we have identified an unexpected role for spatiotemporal c-Src activity in sprouting angiogenesis in the retina, which is in contrast to the dominant focus on the role of c-Src in the maintenance of vascular integrity. Thus, mice specifically deficient in endothelial c-Src displayed significantly reduced blood vessel sprouting and loss in actin-rich filopodial protrusions at the vascular front of the developing retina. In contrast to what has been observed during vascular leakage, endothelial cell-cell adhesion was unaffected by loss of c-Src. Instead, decreased angiogenic sprouting was due to loss of focal adhesion assembly and cell-matrix adhesion, resulting in loss of sprout stability. These results demonstrate that c-Src signaling at specified endothelial cell membrane compartments (adherens junctions or focal adhesions) control vascular processes in a tissue- and context-dependent manner.
Direct interaction between CEP85 and STIL mediates PLK4-driven directed cell migration
Authors: Liu Yi , Kim Jaeyoun , Philip Reuben , Sridhar Vaishali , Chandrashekhar Megha , Moffat Jason , van Breugel Mark , Pelletier Laurence
Published: February 2020

PLK4 has emerged as a prime target for cancer therapeutics, and its overexpression is frequently observed in various types of human cancer. Recent studies have further revealed an unexpected oncogenic activity of PLK4 in regulating cancer cell migration and invasion. However, the molecular basis behind the role of PLK4 in these processes still remains only partly understood. Our previous work has demonstrated that an intact CEP85–STIL binding interface is necessary for robust PLK4 activation and centriole duplication. Here, we show that CEP85 and STIL are also required for directional cancer cell migration. Mutational and functional analyses reveal that the interactions between CEP85, STIL and PLK4 are essential for effective directional cell motility. Mechanistically, we show that PLK4 can drive the recruitment of CEP85 and STIL to the leading edge of cells to promote protrusive activity, and that downregulation of CEP85 and STIL leads to a reduction in ARP2 (also known as ACTR2) phosphorylation and reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, which in turn impairs cell migration. Collectively, our studies provide molecular insight into the important role of the CEP85–STIL complex in modulating PLK4-driven cancer cell migration.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
FAK regulates actin polymerization during sperm capacitation via the ERK2/GEF-H1/RhoA signaling pathway
Authors: Salgado-Lucio Monica L. , Ramírez-Ramírez Danelia , Jorge-Cruz Coral Y. , Roa-Espitia Ana L. , Hernández-González Enrique O.
Published: February 2020

Actin polymerization is a crucial process during sperm capacitation. We have recently described the participation of FAK during actin polymerization in guinea pig spermatozoa. However, the mechanism by which FAK mediates these processes is unknown. Our previous data have shown that MAPK1 (hereafter referred to as ERK2) is activated during the first minutes of capacitation, and inhibition of ERK2 blocked actin polymerization and the acrosome reaction. In this current study, we found that FAK is involved in ERK2 activation – as FAK was phosphorylated at tyrosine residue 925 and bound to Grb2 – and that inhibition of FAK results in a significant decrease of ERK2 activation. We also confirmed the presence of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 (ARHGEF2, hereafter referred to as GEF-H1), which is able to associate with RhoA during capacitation. RhoA activation and its participation in actin polymerization were also analyzed. Inhibition of FAK or ERK1/2 impeded GEF-H1 phosphorylation, RhoA activation, and the association between GEF-H1 and RhoA. Finally, we observed the presence of fibronectin on the sperm surface, its role in sperm–sperm interaction as well as participation of β-integrin in the activation of ERK2. Our results show that the signaling pathway downstream of fibronectin, via integrin, FAK, Grb2, MEK1/2, ERK2, GEF-H1 and RhoA regulates the actin polymerization associated with spermatozoa capacitation.
Lipid content influences division of labour in a clonal ant
Authors: Bernadou Abel , Hoffacker Elisabeth , Pable Julia , Heinze Jürgen
Published: February 2020

The fat body, a major metabolic hub in insects, is involved in many functions, e.g., energy storage, nutrient sensing, and immune response. In social insects, fat appears to play an additional role in division of labour between egg-layers and workers, which specialize in non-reproductive tasks inside and outside their nest. For instance, reproductives are more resistant to starvation, and changes in fat content have been associated with the transition from inside to outside work or reproductive activities. However, most studies remained correlative and we still need to unravel the causal interrelations between fat content, and division of both reproductive and non-reproductive labour. Clonal ants, e.g., Platythyrea punctata, are ideal models for studying task partitioning without confounding variation in genotype and morphology. In this study, we examined the range of variation and flexibility of fat content throughout the lifespan of workers, the thresholds of corpulence associated with foraging or reproduction and whether low fat content is a cause rather than a consequence of the transition to foraging. We found that lipid stores change with division of labour from corpulent to lean and, in reverted nurses, back to corpulent. In addition, our data show the presence of fat content thresholds that trigger the onset of foraging or egg laying behaviour. Our study supports the view that mechanisms that regulate reproduction and foraging in solitary insects, in particular the nutritional status of individuals, have been co-opted to regulate division of labour in colonies of social insects.
The Relation between Behavior under Risk and over Time
Authors: Chakraborty Anujit , Halevy Yoram , Saito Kota
Published: February 2020

The paper establishes a tight relation between nonstandard behaviors in the domains of risk and time, by considering a decision-maker with non-expected utility preferences who believes that only present consumption is certain while any future consumption is uncertain. We provide the first complete characterizations of the two-way relations between the certainty effect and present bias, and between the common ratio effect and temporal reversals. (JEL D11, D15, D81, D91)
From staff nurse to nurse consultant: Survival Guide part 9: Combining parenthood and work
Authors: Fowler John
Published: February 2020

John Fowler, Educational Consultant, explores how to survive your nursing career
Strongly self-inverse weighted graphs
Authors: Berman Abraham , Shaked-Monderer Naomi , Panda Swarup Kumar
Published: February 2020

Let G be a connected, bipartite graph. Let Gw denote the weighted graph obtained from G by assigning weights to its edges using the positive weight function w : E(G) ! (0;1). In this article we consider a class Hnmc of bipartite graphswith unique perfect matchings and the family WG of weight functions with weight 1 on the matching edges, and characterize all pairs G in Hnmc and w in WG such that Gw is strongly self-inverse.
Emotions in teaching surgery to medical students
Authors: Polson PJ
Published: February 2020

What do consultant surgeons feel, think and do about them?
Planning Supports for Students With Intellectual Disability in General Education Classrooms
Authors: Thompson James R. , Walker Virginia L. , Snodgrass Melinda R. , Nelson Jessica A. , Carpenter Megan E. , Hagiwara Mayumi , Shogren Karrie A.
Published: February 2020

For most students with intellectual disability (ID), education in the least restrictive environment has been determined to be separate special education classrooms. One means to promote greater participation in general education classrooms is for educators to identify and arrange individualized supports that students need to be successful. We conducted focus group interviews with 33 educators in 6 schools from 3 states to explore how they currently plan supports for their students, obtain their opinions on the usefulness of a systematic problem-solving process for supports planning, and gather their perspectives on resources, including the nature of technical assistance, that would be most helpful in planning individualized supports. Themes from the focus group interview transcripts were identified and recommendations for increasing educator competencies in planning and monitoring individualized supports for students with ID in general education classrooms are provided.
Experiment and theory of beam smoothing using induced spatial incoherence with a lens array
Authors: Li Fujian , Gao Yanqi , Zhao Xiaohui , Xia Lan , Liu Dong , Ji Lailin , Feng Wei , Rao Daxing , Cui Yong , Shi Haitao , Liu Jiani , Ma Weixin , Sui Zhan
Published: February 2020

The smoothing effect of induced spatial incoherence combined with a lens array on a large-bandwidth and short-coherence-time laser is reported. A theoretical model based on statistical optics is developed to describe the spatial and temporal characteristics of the focal spot. Theoretical simulation is consistent with the experimental results. A method was proposed to remove or reduce the residual interference fringes of the experimental focal spot, and both the simulation and analysis show that this method does not affect the smoothing speed of the focal spot.
Comparative analysis of image pre-filtering techniques for phase-shifted noise-affected interferograms
Authors: Chatterjee Amit , Singh Puneet , Dhanotia Jitendra , Bhatia Vimal , Prakash Shashi
Published: February 2020

Phase-shifting techniques are one of the most promising strategies to extract the phase information and retrieve the parameters of interest (e.g., refractive index, beam collimation, object shape, deformations, thickness, focal length, etc.) from interferograms. However, traditional phase-shifting techniques suffer from both internal and external noise, which reduce measurement accuracy. This paper reports a comparative analysis of the three commonly used filtering techniques, namely, Fourier, windowed Fourier, and wavelet filtering for noise reduction and accurate extraction of phase information from phase-shifted interferograms. Toward this, two basic types of noise (additive and multiplicative noise) are introduced in the simulated interferograms and processed using the pre-filtering strategies. The effect of second-order harmonics in the presence of noise is also examined. In addition, experimental demonstrations of the real-life applicability of the analyses are provided using the interferograms recorded on coherent (Talbot) and incoherent (Lau) grating shearing interferometers. High accuracy in the measurement of defocusing error of the lens is obtained using the filtering strategies. Further inferences and insights are drawn in favor of the pre-filtering techniques.
Aristotelesen substantzia materia, konposatu eta forma gisa
Authors: Aguirre Javier
Published: February 2020

Metafisikaren erdiko liburuetan zehar, Aristotelesek izanterminoaren lau zentzuak –alegia, akzidentalki, berez, egiazkoeta faltsugisa, eta potentzian eta egintzan– ikertzen ditu. Izatearen zentzu horien artean zentzu lehena substantziari dagokiola argudiatu ondoren, Aristotelesek argudiatzen du substantzia, zentzu estuan, formagisa ulertu behar dela, eta ez materiaedo konposatugisa.
PENGARUH MATERIAL COUNTER ELECTRODE PADA DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELL
Authors: Nursam Natalita Maulani
Published: February 2020

Sel surya tersensitasi pewarna atau dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) merupakan sel surya generasi ketiga yang teknologinya sangat menjanjikan untuk  untuk menjadi alternatif sel surya berbasis silikon. DSSC umumnya memiliki dua bagian utama, yaitu working electrode (anoda) dan counter electrode (katoda). Counter electrode memiliki peran krusial pada DSSC, utamanya sebagai katalis untuk mempercepat reaksi reduksi-oksidasi pada elektrolit. Dengan demikian, pemilihan jenis material pada bagian counter electrode memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap performa DSSC secara keseluruhan. Platina merupakan salah satu material yang sangat umum digunakan pada counter electrode DSSC dikarenakan karakteristiknya yang hampir mendekati counter electrode ideal. Material counter electrode lain seperti karbon dan poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) juga digunakan sebagai alternatif counter electrode platina yang memiliki harga yang mahal dan persediaan terbatas. Dalam paper review ini akan dibahas mengenai berbagai usaha yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan performa DSSC menggunakan counter electrode platina, karbon dan PEDOT:PSS. Usaha tersebut meliputi peningkatan aktivitas katalis, konduktivitas, porositas, dan luas permukaan counter electrode. Beberapa penelitian telah membuktikan bahwa karbon dan PEDOT:PSS mampu menghasilkan performa DSSC yang mendekati dan bahkan melebihi counter electrode platina. Pengaruh variasi metode deposisi dan jenis komponen lain seperti fotoanoda, dye, dan elektrolit terhadap performa DSSC dengan counter electrode platina, karbon dan PEDOT:PSS juga dibahas dalam paper ini. Pemilihan material dan komponen DSSC yang sesuai, sangat penting dilakukan untuk menghasilkan sel surya dengan performa tinggi.
Joseph Green, producent polskich filmów jidyszowych
Authors: Włodek Roman
Published: February 2020

Włodek Roman, Joseph Green, producent polskich filmów jidyszowych [Joseph Green, producer of Polish Yiddish-language films]. „Images” vol. XXVI, no 35. Poznań 2019. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. Pp. 77–101. ISSN 1731-450X. DOI 10.14746/i.2019.35.04.

Joseph Green (1900–1996), born Josef Chaim Grinberg in Łódź, was one of the most important producers of films in Yiddish. At the beginning of the sound era in the United States, he worked on dubbing in Yiddish for Jewish films, including Joseph in the Land of Egypt. He received a copy of the film as a royalty, which he then used with great success. The money helped him produce four Jewish films in Poland between 1936 and 1938: Yiddle with His Fiddle, The Jester, Little Mother and A Letter to Mother. Green left Poland in the spring of 1939. When the world of Shtetls – evoked by him – disappeared as a result of the Second World War, he ceased making films.
Filmowy Mińsk (1915–1918) – polskie doświadczenie podczas Wielkiej Wojny
Authors: Guzek Mariusz
Published: February 2020

Polish film life in the Eastern Borderlands of the former Republic of Poland is replete with numerous white spots. During World War One, however, activity was quite intense, as evidenced by book-length studies on Vilnius, Lviv and even Kiev. Minsk, the future capital of Belarus, also had its own film-related Polish culture. The article focuses on the functioning of Minsk cinemas and their repertoire, as well as the Polish accents associated with them, which repeatedly had a mobilizing and identitarian character around which the national community of this provincial city was organized. Minsk’s border status means its cinematographic ancestry can be claimed by various national cinematographies, including Russian and Belarusian, but the source query and resulting findings clearly indicate that in the years of the Great War, this center was most strongly associated with Polish culture
Wokół najnowszej polskiej refleksji nad dziejami językoznawstwa
Authors: Zbrocki Władysław
Published: February 2020

Celem artykułu jest krytyczna refleksja nad poruszoną w dwóch głośnych książkach wydanych w Polsce w 2016 roku problematyką historii refleksji nad językiem i słowem.
Materialism As Intentionalism: on the Possibility of a „New Materialist” Literary Criticism
Authors: Kaczmarski Paweł
Published: February 2020

In this article, I draw on the work of authors associated with New Materialism(s) and the material turn, in order to examine and compare various ways of developing a „new materialist” literary criticism/literary theory. I then set these projects against a more traditional historical materialist perspective, as exemplified for instance by Fredric Jameson, in order to point out some fundamental differences between literary criticism focused on the imagined „true” materiality of the text and one that chooses to emphasise instead the inherent materiality of the work of literature as such (on all its levels). Here, the oft-discussed Marxist distinction between the base and the superstructure provides a good example of how these two approaches, though ostensibly similar, may in fact represent two very different, even contradictory schools of thought and criticism. My goal is not to criticise new materialists for not maintaining some imagined Marxist dogma, but rather, to point out how a nominal attachment to the materiality of text, when combined with a desire to invent a new method of reading, may result in a point of view that, even on its own terms, cannot be seen as materialist. Drawing on Fredric Jameson’s remarks on materialist criticism as a work of „demystification and de-idealisation” rather than a „positive” method, I then refer to the work of Walter Benn Michaels as an example of „negative” materialist criticism that, instead of providing us with a new way of „doing interpretation”, allows us to de-idealize the way we discuss literature.
The Materiality of Poiesis
Authors: Orska Joanna , Ziguras Jakob
Published: February 2020

This article attempts to explain the reason behind a secondary division within the Spinozian immanence principle - a principle that occurs, or is construed, within what could be seen (after Deleuze) as the level of practice, and that remains crucial to the so-called posthumanist turn. Posthumanism seems to ascribe an important role to claims and theses that are oriented towards the abolishment of all dichotomies that rupture the existing substance (dichotomies such as form-matter, but also internal-external, subject-object, soul-body, reflection-truth/experience). Interestingly, embracing such a performative perspective - one in which philosophy or theory is something that is „performed” - is only possible when the division between the „immanence of practice” and the „poststructuralist” ideas of literariness or textuality is maintained and emphasised. The reason for this is that the latter has been strongly associated with the centrality of the human being, their language and their intellectual creations (see e.g. Braidotti, Barad). But, as I would like to point out, referring to Deleuze and Guattari themselves, this allegedly poststructuralist framework has been successfully transcended by poststructuralists themselves. Nonetheless, this did not lead them to exclude the art of language - including literature which, seen here as a type of social practice, was among the chief interests of these French philosophers.
Materiality as Resistance and Protection: The Case of Andrzej Sosnowski
Authors: Koronkiewicz Marta , Kaczmarski Paweł
Published: February 2020

This article elaborates on a conception of poetic form derived from the work of the contemporary Polish poet Andrzej Sosnowski, in order to further our understanding of form as something material and dynamic rather than static and purely “textual”. Sosnowski often comments on the materiality of poetry as a useful metaphor that allows us to grasp its peculiar semi-autonomous condition; hence his eagerness to employ the metaphors of poetry as choreography, bodily gesture or action. By putting Sosnowski’s comments in the context of contemporary debates on form and matter in literature—from historical materialism and its traditionally complicated relationship to formalism to a more traditional philological approach to the so-called “new materialisms”—I attempt to point out a possibility of transcending the usual tensions and divisions organising these debates. Here, I find particularly useful the notion of “affordances,” as used by Caroline Levine, as well as the techno-poetic approach of Nathan Brown, and certain conceptual tools offered by the “new formalist” movement. Finally, I reference the work of Adam Ważyk, Sosnowski’s predecessor and one of his main inspirations, in order to show the poetic form as a way of protecting/preserving certain forms of life. Ważyk’s idea of form as a means of resisting entropy provides a unique insight into the more practical aspects of the politics of poetic form.
Critique. Division. An Archaeology of Separation and a Salvaging Etymology
Authors: Trzeciak Katarzyna , Ziguras Jakob
Published: February 2020

The goal of this essay is twofold: firstly, it is a description a post-critical tendency within the contemporary, Anglo-American humanities; secondly, it presents propositions which broaden the boundaries current in the post-critical current, which lead to the replacement of critical sci-entificity with an affirmation of everyday readerly affects. The claims regarding the rejection of a criticism based on suspicion, formulated by, among others, Rita Felski, accentuate the elite character of reading, the goal of which is the unveiling of the economico- political entan-glement of the text as a product of historical reality. The distrust towards the surface of the text and the illusion of aesthetic autonomy, central for cultural studies, raised the critical atti-tude to the rank of an activity that is revelatory and privileged. The opponents of an unmask-ing criticism underline its limitations—unmasking reveals the ultimate source of every cultural production, the logic of capitalism, the total character of which leaves no chance for change. In defense of change, and in the hope of restoring to literature a widespread interest, there appear tendencies which bring back the individual experience of reading, the basis of which is to be aesthetic pleasure, freed from the historical context and its determinants. In the article, examples of such tendencies will be pointed out, as also will be their consequences caused by the elevation and universalisation of non-professional reading. The rejection of the political task of criticism leads to the questioning of its anti-systemic potential; in turn, the apotheosis of suspicion paralyses the postulative dimension of criticism. For this reason, in the last part of the essay, I propose going beyond oppositional con ceptualisations in the direction of a criti-cism that is situated and material, and whose model, in my rendering, is subordi nated knowledge.
Fabrication of aluminium covetic casts under different voltages and amperages of direct current
Authors: Kareem Mohammed Qasim , Jasim Ahlam Hamid , Hamza Nehad Abid-Allah
Published: February 2020

Aluminium Covetic metallurgical synthesis along with the characterization of cast material results were presented in this paper. Aluminium- 3% graphite (carbon) composites were fabricated by applying different voltages and amperages of direct current through the stir-casting process. This process, called Covetic based on patent applications of Third Millennium Metals. Obtained casts were tested for their chemical composition, density, tensile strength, hardness, microstructures, and electrical conductivity measurements using an Oxford PMI-Master Pro spark emission spectrometer, a DA-300M density measurement device, a WDW-200 universal tensile test machine, a HBA-3000S automatic Brinell Hardness Tester, a scanning electron microscope with Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy and an AT512 Precision Ohmmeter, respectively. Moreover, increasing of amperages and/or decreasing of voltages of direct current ensured considerable increasing of electrical conductivity (≈ 34%), the notable decrement in the density (≈ 0.94%), an enhancement in the tensile strength (≈ 18%) and the hardness (≈ 15%) of aluminium Covetic casts compared to the parent metal. In summary, results show that the increasing of amperages and/or decreasing of voltages of direct current has a superior influence on improving electrical conductivity of aluminium-graphite Covetic casts with better mechanical properties.
Dispatching policy evaluation for transport of ready mixed concrete
Authors: Weiszer Michal , Fedorko Gabriel , Molnár Vieroslav , Tučková Zuzana , Poliak Miloš
Published: February 2020

Process of ready mixed concrete (RMC) delivery is an example of multi-objective optimization due to the conflicting objectives of the parties involved. In order to face this problem, discrete event simulation model of the delivery process is created with input parameters based on the surveyed data of real processes. The model is simulated with different vehicle dispatching policies and the results are analysed focusing on performance indicators. The research results compared in terms of Pareto optimality indicate that employing effective dispatching strategies can reduce both site idle time and waiting time of vehicles.
Two vs. three weeks of treatment with amoxicillin-clavulanate for stabilized community-acquired complicated parapneumonic effusions. A preliminary non-inferiority, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Porcel José M. , Ferreiro Lucia , Rumi Laura , Espino-Paisán Esther , Civit Carmen , Pardina Marina , Schoenenberger-Arnaiz Juan Antonio , Valdés Luis , Bielsa Silvia
Published: February 2020

Background

The optimal duration of antibiotic treatment for complicated parapneumonic effusions (CPPEs) has not been properly defined. Our aim was to compare the efficacy of amoxicillin-clavulanate for 2 vs. 3 weeks in patients with CPPE (i.e. those which required chest tube drainage).

Methods

In this non-inferiority, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, patients with community-acquired CPPE were recruited from two centers in Spain and, after having obtained clinical stability following 2 weeks of amoxicillin-clavulanate, they were randomly assigned to placebo or antibiotic for an additional week. The primary objective was clinical success, tested for a non-inferiority margin of<10%. Secondary outcomes were the proportion of residual pleural thickening of>10 mm at 3 months, and adverse events. The study was registered with EudraCT, number 2014-003137-25. We originally planned to randomly assign 284 patients.

Results

After recruiting 55 patients, the study was terminated early owing to slow enrolment. A total of 25 patients were assigned to 2 weeks and 30 patients to 3 weeks of amoxicillin-clavulanate. Clinical success occurred in the 25 (100%) patients treated for 2 weeks and 29 (97%) treated for 3 weeks (difference 3%, 95% CI −3 to 9.7%). Respective between-group differences in the rate of residual pleural thickening (−12%, 95%CI −39 to 14%) and adverse events (−7%, 95%CI −16 to 2%) did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusions

In this small series of selected adult patients with community-acquired CPPE, amoxicillin-clavulanate treatment could be safely discontinued by day 14 if clinical stability was obtained.
Performance Evaluation of Hybrid Fibers and Nano-zeolite Modified Asphalt Micro-surfacing
Authors: Alavi Seyed Ahmad Kheyrkhah , Tanzadeh Javad , Tahami Seyed Amid , Mirhosseini Ali Foroutan
Published: February 2020

Micro-surfacing is a cationic mixture for reparation and maintenance of asphalt pavement and contains polymer-modified bitumen emulsion, 100 % manufactured well-graded fine aggregate, mineral filler, water, and chemical additives. The object of this study was to extend the lifespan of a Micro-surfacing mixture against traffic loads to obtain a higher performance asphalt mixture using different additives, including Diatomite filler, nano-zeolite, styrene butadiene rubber, and glass fiber. To evaluate the performance of the mixtures, a variety of experimental tests, including the abrasion test (International Slurry Surfacing Association [ISSA] TB 100), adhesion test (ISSA TB109), and Wet Cohesion test (ISSA TB139) and Scanning Electron Microscopy, were conducted to classify Micro-surfacing quality control against traffic loads. Cohesion test results showed that adding 2 % nano-zeolite and 4 % polypropylene increased loading resistance up to 25 % (Quick Set and Quick Traffic). In addition, using 10 % of Diatomite improved abrasion resistance. It is worth noting that with an increasing dosage of asphalt emulsion, the effect of the additives will also increase. Moreover, adding 0.26 % of glass fiber in the mixtures increased bleeding resistance around 14 %.
Optimización del sistema de tratamiento fisicoquímico de una estación depuradora de aguas residuales de bebidas gaseosas
Authors: Ordóñez Ramírez Virgilio Alonso , Palacios Limones Carmen Elizabeth , López Vargas Armando Fabrizzio , Suárez Escobar Ivan Eduardo
Published: February 2020

El presente trabajo permite resolver un grave problema económico-ambiental que afecta a la comunidad al tener unidades de tratamiento con bajo niveles de eficiencia y altos costos de operación por la adición en exceso de reactivos. Mediante la investigación aplicada y experimental, se realizó un diagnóstico para determinar los requerimientos de mantenimiento, la identificación de las concentraciones y el lugar exacto en donde se adicionan las soluciones que demanda el agua residual. Los resultados alcanzados en las pruebas establecen que la dosificación ideal de sulfato de aluminio fue de 250 ppm para la maximización de la eficiencia de remoción de la contaminación en la unidad de tratamiento en un valor mayor al 90%.
Estimación caudales medios y máximos de la cuenca del río Checras mediante ecuaciones sintéticas y racionales
Authors: Herencia Félix Beatriz Gina , Carrera Saavedra Cesar Eduardo
Published: February 2020

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal integrar los parámetros morfo métricos de la cuenca con la información estadística del Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología SENAMHI, para estimación de caudales medio y caudales máximos aplicando, respectivamente las ecuaciones sintéticas y las ecuaciones racionales.

En la primera parte se estimaron los parámetros morfo métricos dela cuenca aplicando el principio de la georreferenciación y superposición de capas vectoriales y raster, utilizando el programa Arc Gis 10.4. Luego mediante la superposición ponderada de mapas temáticos del Ministerio del Ambiente MINAM, se determina el coeficiente de escorrentía para la cuenca del rio Checras.

A continuación se procede hacer la trasformación y tratamiento estadístico de la data histórica de SENAMHI relacionado con registros de precipitación entre 1967 y 2008, obteniéndose la intensidad de precipitación de diseño y la precipitación media de la cuenca.

Con los cuatro parámetros principales identificados: área, coeficiente de escorrentía, precipitación media y la intensidad de precipitación de diseño, se procede a calcular la serie de caudales máximos así como los caudales medios y mínimos del rio Checras. Esto permite caracterizar la cuenca en términos hidrológicos y climáticos.
Componentes presentes en el aceite de fritura usado y determinantes previos a su conversión en biodiesel
Authors: Sanaguano Salguero Herminia , Bayas Morejón Favian , Cabrera Carranza Carlos
Published: February 2020

Los aceites residuales representan un problema para el medio ambiente, debido a que contaminan el agua produciendo una captación del oxígeno que impide la subsistencia de los organismos acuáticos. Esta investigación tuvo el objetivo de determinar los componentes presentes en aceite de fritura usado, procedente desde restaurantes en la ciudad de Guaranda, Bolívar–Ecuador previo a su conversión a Biodiesel. Se obtuvieron muestras de tres restaurantes de comidas rápidas los más populares de la ciudad en mención. Se realizaron análisis fisicoquímicos teniendo como punto de partida una filtración, los análisis realizados a los aceites fueron densidad, Acidez, humedad o pérdida por calentamiento e índice de refracción, y su comparación con parámetros normativos. Tras el análisis de densidad de los tres tipos de muestra se obtuvo una media entre 0,918 y 0,920 gr/mL, En acidez, se obtuvieron valores entre 3,006% y 3,293%. Los valores de humedad fueron de en una media de 0,099%. En índice de refracción el valor medio fue de 1,459. Estos valores, se alejan de las normativas para un aceite puro para que se pueda seguir utilizando como alimento, no obstante, estos aceites residuales con las características que presentaron, han sido aprovechados para su conversión en biodiesel.
La importancia del OHIP (Oral Health Impact Profile) en la Odontología
Authors: Rivera-Ramos Enith Shirley
Published: February 2020

La calidad de vida relacionada a la salud oral (CVRSO) es un indicador primordial de la situación de la salud. Las diversas afecciones orales influyen en la salud general; también en la percepción de las personas sobre su confort biológico, interpersonal y emocional. En esta revisión bibliográfica se expone el empleo de uno los cuestionarios más usados en la evaluación de la apreciación de la calidad de vida vinculada a la salud oral, el Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) y sus variantes. En la parte inicial se presenta la definición de conceptos como el de calidad de vida y su relación con la salud oral, vinculados al tema. Tras ello se muestran los resultados de investigaciones acerca del OHIP y sus diversas modalidades (OHIP-49, OHIP-14, COHIP-19, OHIP-EDENT y OHIP-ESTETICO).
La lectura de artículos científicos. Entrevista a estudiantes del pregrado
Authors: Castro-Rodríguez Yuri
Published: February 2020

La lectura de artículos científicos es parte del hábito de un investigador y en el caso de los estudiantes es una estrategia de enseñanza-aprendizaje para que se familiarice con el conocimiento científico difundido, estilos de redacción, manejo de casos clínicos y comprensión de métodos. En la presente entrevista se recopilan las opiniones de estudiantes sudamericanos de tres facultades de Odontología (Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos-Perú, Universidad de San Sebastián-Chile y Universidad Nacional de Córdoba-Argentina) respecto a la lectura y uso de las revistas científicas. La información recabada permite explorar las percepciones que tienen los estudiantes sobre la lectura de artículos científicos.
Tumor de células de Sertoli en un canino macho sin criptorquidismo: reporte de caso
Authors: Gutierrez Orly Damian , Jaramillo Rodríguez German , Buitrago Jhonny Alberto
Published: February 2020

Las neoplasias testiculares son un diagnóstico diferencial para considerar en la evaluación clínica de perros que se llevan a consulta por enfermedades del tracto genital. Se consideran patologías de fácil de diagnóstico, aunque su confirmación precisa del estudio histopatológico, siendo su presentación más frecuente en gerontes y criptorquidos. La orquiectomía bilateral es la terapéutica de elección, siendo curativa en la mayoría de los casos. Se presenta el caso de un canino mestizo de cinco años, macho entero no criptorquido. El propietario reporta un aumento de tamaño en la región inguinal de crecimiento continuo con un mes de evolución en la región inguinal izquierda. Se realiza ecografía e histopatología como ayudas diagnósticas determinándose la presencia de un tumor de células de Sertoli.
Evaluación de la salud uterina por citología endometrial y ultrasonografía en el posparto y su relación con la concepción en alpacas
Authors: Deza Calsin Hugo Wenceslao , Mamani Gloria E. , Macedo Rassiel , Alencastre Rolando G. , Gomez Carlos A.
Published: February 2020

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la salud uterina de alpacas por citología endometrial (CE) mediante las técnicas de citocepillo y lavado uterino, así como evaluar las características uterinas por ultrasonografía (US) y relacionarlas con la tasa de preñez. Se utilizaron 20 alpacas multíparas y 20 primíparas, de la raza Suri, de 29±5 días de posparto. Se determinó el porcentaje de polimorfonucleares (PMN) con relación al número total de células presentes en las muestras de CE. Con la ultrasonografía se determinó la ecotextura uterina, presencia de contenido uterino y el diámetro de los cuernos uterinos. Posterior a la evaluación uterina se realizó el empadre controlado y 35 días después el diagnóstico de preñez por US. Se observó un mayor porcentaje de PMN (p<0.05) en las muestras de citología endometrial obtenidas con la técnica del citocepillo en comparación al lavado uterino. Los cuernos uterinos tuvieron una ecotextura heterogénea y sin presencia de contenido. El diámetro del cuerno uterino izquierdo fue mayor que el del cuerno uterino derecho (p<0.05). No hubo relación del porcentaje de PMN con diámetro de cuerno uterino ni con preñez. Según los resultados obtenidos, la CE no permitiría valorar adecuadamente la salud uterina, pues habría otros factores involucrados en una mayor respuesta quimiotáctica de los PMN que promueven su migración hacia útero. La ultrasonografía permitió una valoración objetiva de los cuernos uterinos y de la salud uterina, y permitió realizar el diagnóstico temprano de preñez.
Control parasitario en perros y gatos: conocimiento sobre las principales enfermedades parasitarias en el sureste mexicano
Authors: Encalada Mena Lisandro Alberto , Vargas-Magaña J.J. , Duarte-Ubaldo I.E. , García-Ramírez M.J.
Published: February 2020

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar los programas de control parasitario, sanitario y conocimiento de las enfermedades parasitarias que afectan a perros y gatos de 306 propietarios de la ciudad de Escárcega, estado de Campeche, México. El total de mascotas fue de 590 perros y 149 gatos. Cada hogar tiene un promedio de 1.92 perros o 0.48 gatos con edades de 2.9 y 2.8 años, respectivamente. La mayoría de los propietarios de perros (30.8%) y gatos (25.6%) aplican algún tratamiento antihelmíntico dos veces al año. La frecuencia de tratamientos contra ectoparásitos en perros y gatos se realiza mayormente cuatro veces al año o al detectar su presencia. Los parásitos gastrointestinales son poco conocidos y la sarna es la enfermedad más mencionada. La mayoría de los propietarios de perros (85.6%) y gatos (93%) desconocen el significado de zoonosis y que sus mascotas les pueden transmitir enfermedades, lo que sugiere su bajo impacto sobre el manejo sanitario en las mascotas. Lactonas macrocíclicas como endoparasiticidas y el amitraz y propoxur como ectoparasiticidas fueron los más usados para perros y gatos.
Macroinvertebrados bentónicos y ensayos toxicológicos para evaluar la calidad del agua y del sedimento del río Rímac, Lima, Perú
Authors: Pascual Gissela , Iannacone José , Alvariño Lorena
Published: February 2020

El objetivo del estudio fue emplear a los macroinvertebrados bentónicos (MIB) y a los ensayos toxicológicos para evaluar en época de avenida y estiaje la calidad del agua y sedimentos del río Rímac (Lima-Perú) durante 2009. Se establecieron doce estaciones de muestreo (E1 - E12), teniendo en cuenta las fuentes de contaminación. En cada estación se midieron datos físicos y químicos, MIB, y toxicidad de aguas y sedimentos con Daphnia magna y Chironomus calligraphus. La época de avenida presentó mayores valores de pH. En cambio, mayores valores de conductividad específica, sólidos totales, oxígeno disuelto y transparencia se observaron en la época de estiaje. Entre épocas de avenida y estiaje se observaron diferencias en la abundancia de Planorbidae, Baetidae, Chironomidae, Empididae y Tipulidae. Los índices de diversidad y equitabilidad fueron mayores en época de avenida, pero los índices de dominancia y abundancia fueron mayores en época de estiaje. En el dendrograma de similaridad con base a los MIB se muestra la formación de tres grupos que estarían relacionados a las actividades que se desarrollan en la cuenca en la época de avenida: el primer grupo respuesta a los pasivos mineros, el segundo grupo respuesta a impacto doméstico y agricultura, y el tercer grupo respuesta a impacto por la agricultura, industrias y doméstico. La calidad del agua fue estimada con los índices bióticos, EPT (Ephemeroptera – Plecoptera – Trichoptera) (mayormente mala sobre el 75%) y el ABI (Andean Biotic Index) (pésimo–mala: 16.67-33.33%). Para los ensayos toxicológicos con D. magna y con C. calligraphus solo la estación de muestreo E1 fue tóxica en la época de avenida.