bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal and political processes during the formation of mountain "republics"1 in the Eastern Caucasus in the Middle Ages (on the example of Akusha-Dargo)
Authors:   Magomedzapir N. Abdullaev Dagestan State University, Abdullaev Magomedzapir N. , Aitberov Timur M. ,   Timur M. Aitberov Dagestan Federal Research Center RAS
Published: February 2024

В данной статье с привлечением новых арабских текстов юридического содержания исследуются правовые и политические процессы, связанные с формированием горских «республик», конкретно Акуша-Дарго, на Восточном Кавказе в эпоху средневековья. Авторы отмечают, что Акуша-Дарго входило в число тех горских «республик», которые наравне и во взаимодействии с феодальными государствами играли важную роль в государственно-правовых процессах на Восточном Кавказе. Подчеркивается, что уровень развития права и государственности Акуша-Дарго, обусловленный преемственностью общественно-политического строя и отразившийся в ранней традиции письменной фиксации права, позволял акушинцам играть важную роль в Шамхальстве со столицей в Тарки. Источ-ники показывают, что во второй пол. XVIII в. и, возможно, позднее Акуша-Дарго числилось в статусе наибства в политической системе Шамхальства. Авторы приходят к выводу, что значимая роль Акуша-Дарго в процессах становления государ-ственности дагестанских народов была обусловлена устойчивостью и преемственностью конкретных ис-торических, национальных, культурологических и иных факторов, в процессе эволюции общин, вхо-дивших в домонгольскую эпоху в государство «Шандан». В целом Шамхальство следует рассматривать как комплексное, развивающееся во времени явление - государство, включающее в себя взаимосвязанные и взаимодействующие общественно-политические системы с центрами в Кумухе, Тарках и Акушах и сыгравшее важную роль в государственно-правовых процессах, происходящих в течение длительного периода жизнедеятельности дагестанских этносов.
The Understanding of Informed Consent as a Practical Bioethical Problem
Authors: Recio Sastre Alejandro , Bustamante Salamanca Mónica , Álvarez Pelaez Nadia Micela , Guamán Barros Edgar Mateo
Published: February 2024

The relationship between the informed consent sheet and education is crucial. Our objective is to highlight how patients’ educational backgrounds impact the ethical rights within medical processes. Some patients face significant challenges in comprehending the significance and contents of the informed consent sheet. It’s likely that they may not fully grasp the potential symptoms resulting from their treatment or even be aware of their inherent rights. This issue isn’t merely psychological but rather a matter of education, requiring a comprehensive approach to educational development. Consequently, it becomes a social issue wherein both education and health play vital roles. This research delves into assessing the patients’ literacy indicators, thereby evaluating their educational backgrounds. We address this within the framework of an ethical problem in hospital pedagogy, integrating educational and philosophical concepts. Employing qualitative analysis, we aim to understand patients’ reading skills by conducting interviews, particularly focusing on circumstances of vulnerability due to illiteracy. These circumstances are categorized based on identified reading capabilities. By intertwining two knowledge domains, we aim to highlight human vulnerabilities that may not always be considered within the technical processes of healthcare workers and are rarely emphasized by educators or philosophers.
Kvaliteta života u starijih osoba
Authors: Popović Branislava , Zavidić Tina , Radošević Quadranti Nives , Pelčić Gordana
Published: February 2024

Udio starijeg stanovništva u ukupnoj populaciji značajno se povećava. Demografski podaci Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije (SZO) predviđaju povećanje udjela starijeg stanovništva u sljedećih 30 godina na 24 % od ukupne populacije. Starenje stanovništva rezultat je niza međusobno povezanih čimbenika, poput napretka medicine, tehnologije te gospodarskog i društvenog razvoja. Sukladno navedenom, pitanje osiguravanja kvalitete života starijih osoba od iznimnog je društvenog i socijalnog značaja. U radu ćemo razraditi određene čimbenike koji imaju utjecaj na kvalitetu života osoba starije životne dobi. Poštovanje etičkih normi u radu sa starijima trebalo bi biti jedan od temeljnih čimbenika percepcije pojma kvalitete života. Potrebne su značajne društvene mjere kako bi se poboljšali standardi koji će omogućiti održavanje neovisnosti i autonomije, pozitivno samopoimanje zdravlja, duhovnost, stambenu i financijsku sigurnost koje pridonose kvaliteti života starijih.
The Impact of Firm Characteristics on Earnings Management: A Study of Firms Listed in India
Authors: Rajpurohit Punita , Rijwani Parag
Published: February 2024

This study examines the impact of firm characteristics on earnings management (EM) using a sample of listed non-financial firms in India. First, we take a comprehensive perspective to estimate EM focusing on total accruals, current accruals and specific accruals. Second, we examine firm characteristics such as size, leverage, performance, growth opportunities and industry membership that are potentially related to accruals EM. We find that: 1) Large firms and firms with high performance have higher accruals quality. 2) Firms with higher growth opportunities have lower accruals quality. 3) Firms with high leverage use accruals EM to avoid violation of debt covenants. These findings indicate that investors and regulators should take into account both: the abnormal accruals over a period of time and the variability of abnormal accruals to analyse the quality of financial reporting of large firms, firms with high performance and highly levered firms.
An Intelligent Customer-Driven Digital Solution to Improve Perioperative Health Outcomes Among Children Undergoing Circumcision and Their Parents: Development and Evaluation
Authors: Kwa Zhi Yin , Li Jinqiu , Loh Dale Lincoln , Lee Yang Yang , Liu Guangyu , Zhu Lixia , Pikkarainen Minna , He Honggu , Mali Vidyadhar Padmakar
Published: February 2024

Background

Circumcision as a common elective pediatric surgery worldwide is a stressful and anxiety-inducing experience for parents and children. Although current perioperative interventions proved effective, such as reducing preoperative anxiety, there are limited holistic solutions using mobile apps.

Objective

This paper aims to describe the development and primary evaluation of an intelligent customer-driven smartphone-based app program (ICory-Circumcision) to enhance health outcomes among children undergoing circumcision and their family caregivers.

Methods

Based on the review of the literature and previous studies, Bandura’s self-efficacy theory was adopted as the conceptual framework. A multidisciplinary team was built to identify the content and develop the apps. Semistructured interviews were conducted to evaluate the ICory-Circumcision.

Results

The ICory-Circumcision study was carried out from March 2019 to January 2020 and comprised 2 mobile apps, BuddyCare app and Triumf Health mobile game app. The former provides a day-by-day perioperative guide for parents whose children are undergoing circumcision, while the latter provides emotional support and distraction to children. In total, 6 participants were recruited to use the apps and interviewed to evaluate the program. In total, 4 main categories and 10 subcategories were generated from content analysis.

Conclusions

ICory-Circumcision seemed to lean toward being useful. Revisions to ICory-Circumcision are necessary to enhance its contents and features before advancing to the randomized controlled trial.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04174404; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04174404
A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF ANTIDIABETIC DRUG INTERACTIONS IN GERIATRIC NON-INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS
Authors: YOSMAR RAHMI , SHEPANY EUGENIA , FITRIA NAJMIATUL
Published: February 2024

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease that is the leading cause of blindness, heart disease, and kidney failure. Geriatric patients with type 2 DM and complications require multiple medications (polypharmacy), contributing to drug-drug interactions (DDIs). DDIs can affect the clinical outcome of patients. This study aims to analyze potential drug-drug interactions based on the mechanism and severity, determine the relationship between the number of medications and potential drug interaction, and determine the relationship between polypharmacy and the severity of clinical outcomes. Methods: This was an analytical observational with retrospective data collection through patient medical records of hospitalized patients treated with an antidiabetic and one or more other drugs that met the inclusion criteria, involving 81 patients using total sampling. Results: The result showed that out of 81 patients, there were 59 patients who potentially experienced drug-drug interactions (72.8%) with a total of 162 cases of drug interactions, and the most prevalent interaction mechanism was pharmacodynamic (84.0%) with a moderate severity level (57.4%). There was a significant relationship between the number of medications and potential drug-drug interactions (p<0.05). At the same time, there was no meaningful relationship between polypharmacy and the severity of drug interactions with clinical outcomes (p>0.05). Conclusion: An increase in the number of drugs is a predictor of drug interactions. Although drug interactions may theoretically occur, not all interactions will significantly affect patients.
UNRAVELLING THE INTERACTION BETWEEN GARCINISIDONE-A AND HER2 PROTEIN IN BREAST CANCER: A COMPUTATIONAL STUDY
Authors: FURQAN MAINAL , DACHRIYANUS  , SUSANTI MERI , PUTRA PURNAWAN PONTANA , WAHYUNI FATMA SRI
Published: February 2024

Objective: One substance found in the leaves of Garcinia cowa Roxb that has anticancer properties is garcinisidone-A. The study aims to simulate the docking of garcinisidone-A (Gar-A), molecular dynamics, and predict the ADME by predicting the binding of the HER2 protein in breast cancer cells and developing new drug candidate options for cancer treatment, often starting with computational analysis.

Methods: The research method involves computational utilization of pkCSM applications, Gar-A docking simulation with the HER2 protein using Gnina software version 1.0.2, and molecular dynamics conducted with GROMACS 2022.2 and CHARMMGUI applications.

Results: Gar-A has a molecular weight of less than 500, a Log P value of greater than 5, a limited amount of water solubility, a low level of skin permeability, good intestinal permeability, and a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) pose score on the HER2 protein of 0.6178. It also does not readily cross the blood-brain barrier, and total clearance values indicate rapid elimination via other excretory routes or enzyme metabolism. Gar-A is thought to have interactions with HER2. There are hydrogen bond interactions with amino acids Lys753 and Asp863, carbon-hydrogen bonds with amino acids Leu785, Ser783, Thr862, and alkyl bonds with amino acids Leu726, Leu852, and Ile767. The stability of the Gar-A-substrate interaction could have been more evident during 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation.

Conclusion: The physicochemical properties of Gar-A align with Lipinski's rule for drug candidates. ADME predictions indicate good intestinal permeability for Gar-A; however, it suggests it cannot penetrate the blood-brain barrier. The docking results reveal that Gar-A has a value close to one which indicates similar action to its natural ligand and molecular dynamics simulations that Gar-A is less stable. The results illustrate that Gar-A has the potential as a breast anticancer.
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE ACTIVE FRACTION OF MANGOSTEEN RIND EXTRACT (GARCINIA MANGOSTANA)
Authors: WIDAYANTI ARI , JUFRI MAHDI , SURINI SILVIA , ELLYA BERNA
Published: February 2024

Objective: Determination of the IC50 value of the active Fraction was carried out to see the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangosteen) Mangosteen peel is known to have very strong antioxidant activity. The research began with maceration of mangosteen peel with ethanol solvent. Then, the mangosteen peel extract was fractionated with three solvents, namely those with different polarities, namely water, dichloromethane, and n-hexane.

Methods: The ethanol extract of mangosteen rind was further fractionated using n-hexane, dichloromethane, and water, then the solvent was removed by evaporation. The three resulting fractions were measured for antioxidant activity using the DPPH method with Quercetin as a comparison. The active Fraction with the highest IC50 value is then compared with the extract, and the comparison is seen with TLC. Next, the Fraction was tested with GC to see the remaining solvent. And then continued with determining alpha mangostin levels in all fractions using UHPLC.

Results: IC50 value for each n-hexane fraction was 50.65µg/ml, the dichloromethane fraction was 34.66µg/ml, and the water fraction was 45.72µg/ml. The results of the solvent test showed that there was no residual solvent in the dichlormethane fraction, as seen from the chromatogram results. The results of the assay showed the following results: n-Hexan fraction 25.18%, DCM fraction 31.23%.

Conclusion: The dichloromethane fraction showed the highest antioxidant activity with the best IC 50 value and had higher levels of alpha mangostin than the water and n-hexane fractions.
Thorax X-Ray Image Segmentation Technique Using Four Thresholding Algorithm Variants
Authors: Subandi Rio , Herman Herman , Yudhana Anton
Published: February 2024

Pneumonia is a respiratory infection caused by bacteria, viruses or fungi, and has been recognized as a fairly common and threatening disease. When diagnosing this disease, doctors usually also use thorax X-ray images. Nowadays, diagnosing pneumonia has been made possible with the help of machine learning technology. Doctors or medical personnel in locations where there are no pulmonary specialists or experts can be assisted by this technology. Machine learning algorithms are used to process digital images that have passed the pre-processing and segmentation stages. This paper offers a solution to segmentation technique of thorax X-ray digital image using a combination of four thresholding algorithms. This combination aims to find the best CNN model with segmentation techniques in the form of the most suitable thresholding algorithm. The result of this research is four different data sets. The thresholding algorithms used include binary, thresh binary inv, thresh to zero, thresh tozero inv with a threshold value of 150. The data used in this research is a thorax X-ray image dataset, as many as 5,856 images acquired from the Kaggle repository data. The program code in this research uses the Python programming language in the Anaconda environment. This research has resulted in a comparison of the accuracy values obtained using 4 variants between thres_binary thresholding algorithm and thres_binary_inv. The thres_tozero obtained 95% of accuracy while thres_tozero_inv obtained 94% of accuracy.
Autonomous free geodetic 3D-construction as a coordinate basis of the space under study
Authors: Padve V.A. , Barliani A.G. , Salnikov V.G. , Gorobtsov S.R.
Published: February 2024

The authors discuss methods of creating an autonomous free geodetic 3D-construction, intended for further operation as a local coordinate base. The first is based on the data of separate measurement results
Evaluation of Perm’s large center pedestrian zones segments attractiveness using geographic information technologies
Authors: Polyakova Y.R. , Merkushev S.A.
Published: February 2024

The approaches to studying the attractiveness of pedestrian spaces are proposed, which could in the researchers’ opinion serve as one of the urban environment quality indicators. Based on the authors` methodology with the help of geographic information technologies, an assessment of the attractiveness of Perm’s large center pedestrian spaces’ most consolidated components was carried out. To form an array of the data (attractor objects), open sources were used. Attribute values which enabled analyzing the direct location of attractors were the proximity and belonging to the components of the pedestrian spaces chosen as the subject of the study. As a result of the vector data spatial analysis, noticeable differences in the attractiveness of those places were revealed. Its highest index is typical for the embankment of the Kama. The result is slightly lower near the esplanade and foot zones near the railway station Perm-2. The lowest level was found in the mentioned spaces located near the southern and eastern outskirts of the large center. The authors analyze the features and problems of using publicly available data, propose measures to increase the attractiveness of the central pedestrian spaces of Perm, and conclude that it is necessary to form a unified space to gather and swap information in order to increase the effectiveness of further local studies of the environmental quality
Evaluation of public land transport accessibility in St. Petersburg, Russia, using a geospatial approach
Authors: Romanchikov A.Yu. , Baltyzhakova T.I. , Belyaev V.V.
Published: February 2024

The authors propose a method for evaluating the public transport accessibility of a city, based on the spatial distribution of real estate and commercial property in its territory, it enables making a rating table of routes and stops. The relevance of the study is related to the high social importance of mass transit, since its accessibility creates a more comfortable urban environment and offers new opportunities to the residents. The significant growth of research on this topic is a result of the social need to improve the use of urban space. The rapid development in the field of big data processing makes it much more relevant to the real situation than any previous models. However, researchers often lack up-to-date information on the distribution of the population in a given territory, because the concept of state open spatial data in Russia is currently in its early stages, and city authorities may decide to make it confidential. The proposed quantitative approach to assessing the provision of urban areas with land transportation means is based on using spatial data available in open sources, as well as methods of geospatial analysis and modelling. It is used to study the public transport in St. Petersburg, RF; the technique has enabled identifying the main municipal routes as well as the parts of the city requiring network expansion
An architectural method for designing a geoinformation platform as part of a digital one for interagency cooperation in the view of National defense
Authors: Kuzin V.A.
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the stages of the architectural method of designing a geoinformation platform as part of a digital one, for interdepartmental cooperation, in the view of National defense. Five approaches to designing complex digital management platforms are explained. The content of their architecture concept is introduced and considered. The essence of the functional, system and technical architectures of the design object, which together make its systemic form, is described. The principles of developing the architecture of a digital geoinformation platform are formulated. Based on them and the content of the functional, system and technical architectures of the object planning, the stages of the method of projecting a geoinformation platform as part of a digital one, for the declared goal, are described. It is concluded that the use of the architectural design method at the preliminary stage will allow, on the one hand, to perform reengineering of information on the mentioned functional processes, taking into account spatial data and cartographic visualization; and, on the other hand, to form operational and technical requirements for establishing the required platform
Indication of the impact of increased turbulent activity in the troposphere on the phase measurements of GNSS radio signals (the example of Nadia Hurricane)
Authors: Kalinnikov V.V. , Khutorova O.G.
Published: February 2024

The authors examine the impact of Nadia Hurricane, 2022, January, 29–30, over the southern coast of the Baltic Sea, on phase measurements of permanent GNSS stations. For this purpose, the data were processed in PPP mode from 10 objects located in Poland and the Kaliningrad oblast of the Russian Federation. As a result, residuals were obtained, from which the contribution of multipath, ephemeris errors and those, in clock corrections of navigation satellites, were subtracted. It was found out that the standard deviation of cleaned residuals is a weak indicator of increased turbulent activity caused by the hurricane. However, simple counting the total daily number of large cleaned residuals, normalized to the zenith direction can be an effective indicator for identifying periods of high tropospheric turbulence. It can be used both for remote sensing of rapidly developing weather processes, and in interpreting data from permanently operating satellite geodetic monitoring stations of particularly dangerous and technically complex objects
Políticas Públicas e o Enfrentamento da Covid-19 em Sistemas Prisionais do Rio Grande Do Norte
Authors: Cabral de Albuquerque Neta Barros Terezinha , Beserra Brasileiro Cyntia Carolina , Lima Amanda , Da Costa Pereira Islamara
Published: February 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir as políticas públicas aplicadas durante a pandemia nos presídios estaduais e federais do Rio Grande do Norte (RN). Para a realização deste estudo, foram utilizados dados qualitativos e quantitativos do Departamento Penitenciário Nacional (DEPEN), referentes às medidas de combate à Covid-19 e dados da Secretaria Estadual de Administração Penitenciária (SEAP/RN). Como resultados, observou-se que no estado do RN, em abril de 2020, foi decretada a suspensão total das visitas de familiares aos internos, consultas com advogados e defensores públicos. Nas prisões, foi implantado o projeto “cartas que falam”, em que os presos podem receber e enviar cartas de até seis linhas para seus familiares, e “televisitas”, que podem ser agendadas pelos familiares por meio do site da SEAP.
O mais inquietante de todos os hóspedes: como o diagnóstico nietzschiano do niilismo nos ajuda a combater a força reativa do fascismo
Authors: Duarte Pedro , Pelli Ronaldo
Published: February 2024

A relação entre niilismo e fascismo tem sido explorada, direta e indiretamente, por historiadores, politólogos e filósofos, entre outros, na literatura acadêmica. Raramente contudo essa associação deu mais enfoque ao niilismo, principalmente a como essa noção é entendida pelo filósofo Friedrich Nietzsche, um dos nomes mais associados ao tema. Nesse sentido, este artigo propõe uma leitura sobre a contribuição nietzschiana para o enfrentamento do fascismo, a partir das formas como o pensador alemão interpretou o niilismo, sejam elas o niilismo negativo, o niilismo reativo ou o niilismo passivo. Para tanto, vai se utilizar principalmente do fragmento conhecido como Lenzerheide, visto como um texto privilegiado para se entender o tema, e do tipo de sistematização da produção intelectual nietzschiana feita pelo pensador francês Gilles Deleuze, que, além de criar as categorias de niilismo empregadas aqui, também, junto ao psicanalista Félix Guattari, seu conterrâneo, afirmou que “[e]xiste, no fascismo, um niilismo realizado” – frase que serve de paradigma desta produção.
Editorial
Authors: Editores Os
Published: February 2024

Editorial ao v. 14 n. 28: 2023-02.
v. 14 n. 28: 2023-2
Authors: Estudos Políticos Revista
Published: February 2024

Revista Estudos Políticos
Pengaruh sense of humor guru terhadap minat belajar matematika pada siswa
Authors: Oktaviani Fara Nenti , Firmansyah Dani
Published: February 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of teachers' sense of humor on students' interest in learning mathematics. This research was conducted on October 22nd, 2022 at Madrasah Aliyah Maulidina Utama, Bantargebang, Bekasi City. This study was motivated by the perception of the majority of students who consider math teachers and subjects unpleasant. This research is quantitative research. The population in this study were students in grades X, XI, and XII of Madrasah Aliyah Maulidina Utama, Bantargebang, Bekasi City. The sample used was 30 students with the sampling technique, namely simple random sampling. The data collection technique was carried out using a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is simple linear regression. Based on the results of the research that has been done, a significance value of 0.002 <0.05 is obtained, which means that there is an influence of the sense of humor variable (X) on the interest in learning mathematics variable (Y). Beside that, the coefficient of determination (R Square) of 0.293 is obtained, which means that the percentage of influence is 29,3%.
Eksperimen pendekatan open ended learning berbasis etnomatematika terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa ditinjau dari motivasi belajar
Authors: Lestari Sri Lia , Murtiyasa Budi
Published: February 2024

The research aims to examining the effect of Open Ended Learning based on Ethnomathematics approach on student’s mathematical problem solving abilities in terms of learning motivation. The research is a part of quantitative research with Quasi Experimental Design. The population is consisting of all 8th grade students of Muhammadiyah 7 Junior High School of Surakarta in the 2022/2023 school year. Two sample classes were taken by Cluster Random Sampling technique. the experimental class which treated with Open Ended Learning based on Ethnomathematic approach and the control class with Open Ended Learning approach. Data collection techniques is using by test, questionnaire, and documentation that analyzed using two-way ANOVA with different cells after proven normality and homogeneity. The result of the research is showing abaout: (1) there are effects of Open Ended Learning approach and Open Ended Learning based on Ethnomathematics approach on student’s mathematical problem solving abilities, (2) there are effects of learning motivation on student’s mathematical problem solving abilities, (3) there’s no interaction between learning approach and learning motivation on student’s mathematical problem solving abilities.
Studi kasus: Analisis kriteria konvergensi iterasi sederhana berdasarkan tebakan awal
Authors: Nurfauziah Puji , Anita Ika Wahyu
Published: February 2024

The simple iteration material in the numerical methods course is material related to functions and derivatives. Apart from this, simple iteration material requires one or two initial guesses that do not require bracketing the roots. This method will produce a root approximation as a solution, which will show convergent or divergent results. The convergence criteria are influenced by the derived results and the initial guesses provided. Because of this, this research aims to analyze the results of student answers to prove the convergence criteria of a given simple iterative problem. The method used in this research is a case study, analyzing the results of the answers of five randomly selected students studying numerical methods courses. Based on the results of the analysis of the convergence criteria based on initial guesses, it was concluded that only 5 students could prove the convergence criteria correctly. In general, students made mistakes in deriving algebraic functions, carried out division operations, and incorrectly determined the convergence criteria because they only proved the possibility of the function. given so that students only focus on convergence criteria without carrying out iterative analysis.
Pengaruh penggunaan bahan ajar liveworksheets dengan pendekatan saintifik untuk kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa pada pembelajaran materi statistika SMP
Authors: Agustiana Wina , Novtiar Chandra
Published: February 2024

The aim of this research is to examine the effect of using Liveworksheets-based teaching materials in improving mathematical problem solving abilities in statistics material for class VIII junior high school students. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method. The research subjects for this study were class VIII students at SMPN 15 Cimahi consisting of 25 students. The results of this research show that the use of Liveworksheets based teaching materials can improve mathematical problem solving abilities, as evidenced by the average increase in students' mathematical problem solving ability tests before the use of the teaching materials demonstrated, which is equal to 27.20 and after use, teaching materials equivalent to 70.00. Not only that, this study influences students' mathematical problem solving abilities, seen from the results of the t-sample test calculation related to the paired-sample T-test analysis of the two-sided test. The values ​​obtained are tcount = 13,833 and ttable = 1.7109 for a significance level of 5% with df = 24, where 13.833 ≥ 1.7109.
COVID-19 pandemic and firm performance in emerging market: The role of corporate governance
Authors: Lesmana Dadang , Naprida Dewi , Wibowo Bagus Rai
Published: February 2024

The agent is granted decision-making authority over the company’s operations to achieve the principal’s objectives (Jensen & Meckling, 1976). However, the existence of the COVID-19 pandemic makes companies get higher risks that have an impact on company performance. The board consisting of board size, board independence, women on board, and chief executive officer (CEO) try to maintain the company’s performance during COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of corporate governance which consists of board size, board independence, women on board, and CEO duality on company performance during the COVID-19 period. The sample of this study is 538 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The results of this study indicate that COVID-19 has had an impact on decreasing the company’s performance. Then, we also found that board size has a significant positive effect on company performance during the COVID-19 pandemic, while board independence, women on board, and CEO duality do not have a significant effect. Then, we interacted with COVID-19 on the company’s performance. The results of our research showed that board size, women on board, and CEO duality have a significant positive effect on company performance. These results have implications that corporate governance has a very important role in boosting the performance of companies that are under pressure due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
An effective formulation for estimating wetland surface energy fluxes from weather data
Authors: Wang Yi , Petrone Richard Michael
Published: February 2024

In modelling evapotranspiration, the need for land surface variables
including ground heat fluxes (G), surface temperature (Ts), surface
relative humidity (RHs) and surface resistance often present a challenge
due to land heterogeneity and limited measurements. This study
introduces a simple formulation rooted in the shared physical basis of
the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt), the Relative Humidity at Equilibrium
(ETRHEQ) method, and the Surface Flux Equilibrium (SFE) method, and it
estimates sensible (H) and latent fluxes (LE) in wetlands without
requiring land surface variables or site-specific calibration, except
for an assumed vegetation height. Further, it effectively estimates LE
from half-hourly to monthly scales in FLUXNET and AmeriFlux wetland
sites. While its performance in estimating H is less satisfactory due to
loosely constrained boundary conditions, it shows promising potential
for simultaneously and precisely estimating LE, H, G, Ts, and RHs from
weather data in various ecosystems.
Factors Affecting Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprise Development in Developing Asia: Findings from a Probabilistic Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Shinozaki Shigehiro , Miyakawa Daisuke , Arahan Romeo
Published: February 2024

To identify factors affecting micro, small, and medium-sized enterprise (MSME) development, this paper proposes a probabilistic principal component analysis method that works despite current data limitations. The estimation results suggest that sound MSME credit markets, diversified financing options, support for new businesses and job creation, and active MSME participation in global marketplaces play a critical role in ensuring a smooth business recovery from various crises and shocks affecting developing Asia and the Pacific.
Automatic Detection of Disinformation: A Systematic Mapping Study
Authors: ÖNCÜL Merve , İRKEY Tuana , GÖK Başak , GÖKÇEN Hadi
Published: February 2024

In recent years, the spread of disinformation, which is one of the kind of information pollution, has accelerated on online social media platforms, and detecting disinformation early has become significant to be able to remove the negative impact it has on individuals and societies. In this direction, increased number of studies focusing on the automatic detection of disinformation and the variety of approaches developed have been observed in recent years, and the need to study the trends in the studies carried out in detail has emerged. This research seeks to present a map of the research area for the automatic detection of disinformation. In this context, 61 primary sources published in the electronic databases named Web of Science and Scopus between 2018-2022 included in the research scope have been examined and analyzed within the framework of the determined criteria. The conducted systematic mapping study aims to provide useful insights about automatic detection of disinformation including publication year, journal, journal class and publisher name, country of origin of the authors, most prolific authors and institutions, keywords used, supported approaches, obtained accuracy rates and datasets used. It is expected that this research will guide/direct researchers about the approaches developed for the detection of disinformation and contribute to future studies.
Relationship of Levels of Glycemia Capilar with the Maximum VO2 of Diabetic Patients Type 2 Submitted to the Ergometric Test
Authors: Santos Ribeiro : Jonathan Nícolas dos
Published: February 2024

Diabetes Mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion and / or action. The low physical capacity obtained by the measurement of VO2max may be related to the development of metabolic diseases. The objective of the present study was to analyze the relationship of capillary glycemia levels on the maximal VO2 of type 2 diabetic patients submitted to the ergometric test. Using a sample calculation, 60 type 2 diabetic patients aged 50 to 75 years were recruited from the Pernambuco Cardiovascular Emergency Room. The participants were divided into three groups: the Diabetic Group with capillary glycemia <100 mg/dL (DG <100) (n = 14), the Diabetic Group with capillary glycemia between 100 mg/dL and 200 mg/dL (DG 100-200) (n = 26) and the Diabetic Group with capillary glycemia >200 mg/dL (GD> 200) (n = 20). Exercise Test (ET), which was performed at a mean temperature between 18ºC and 22ºC in the morning, under electrocardiographic monitoring throughout the TE using the ERGO PC 13.0® system, using Modified Bruce Protocol. The nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used for intergroup analysis and the Pearson Chi-square test for association between variables. In the correlation of capillary glycemia with VO2max the DG>200 presented a strong negative correlation with the variable of VO2max (blood glucose = 265,9 ± 53,7 vs VO2max.= 23,1± 7,3 r= -0,76). Elevated capillary glycemia levels correlate with the low VO2max values for this sample of type 2 diabetic patients.
Low Density Lipoproteinemia in Obese and Type-2 Diabetics from Association of IR and LDLR
Authors: Chandra N. C.
Published: February 2024

Universality of association of two receptors, LDLR (LDL receptor) and IR (insulin receptor), has been explored in various cell types and intracellular compartments including caveolae vesicles in plasma membrane. The existence of association of LDLR and IR has been proved in type-2 diabetes and diabetes associated obesity. The non-functionality of LDLR in conjugation with IR has been found as of a prime reason for developing LDL related atherosclerosis in insulin defunct system. Confocal microcopy and western blots are the major techniques used to explore this study.
Duodenum as Part of the Human Digestive System
Authors: S Franjic
Published: February 2024

Duodenum length approx. 30 cm is part of the human digestive system, and the first of the three parts of the small intestine into which the digestive juices of the liver and pancreas (pH 5 - 7.5), the stomach, and bile from the gall bladder are poured. The mucous layer contains digestive glands. In the intestinal villi are blood and lymph capillaries.
Snowball Throwing Learning Model Assisted by Balinese Songs and Its Impact on Students’ Cultural Literacy
Authors: Pratama I Kadek Wahyu , Antara Putu Aditya , Yudiana Kadek
Published: February 2024

Cultural literacy is an individual's ability to understand and behave towards a nation's culture as part of national identity. This research aims to analyze the impact of the Snowball Throwing learning model assisted by Balinese songs on the cultural literacy of elementary school students. The type of research is a quasi-experiment with a non-equivalent control group design. The research population was 162 grade V students. Samples were taken using the Random Sampling technique with an intact group. The data collection method uses multiple-choice objective tests. Research data were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques and inferential statistics (t-test). The results of the data analysis showed that the average pre-test score for the experimental group was 13.57 in the low category, and the average pre-test score for the control group was 13.93, which was in the low category. The post-test average of the experimental group was 20.038, which was in the medium category, while the post-test average of the control group was 16.103, which was in the low category. The results of the t-test analysis showed that the t-count (3.448) was greater than the t-table (2.005), so H0 was rejected, and H1 was accepted. Thus, there is a significant influence between the group taught using the Snowball Throwing model assisted by Balinese songs and the group not taught using the Snowball Throwing model assisted by Balinese regional songs in elementary school students
Exploring Multiculturalism and Intolerance: Understanding the Dynamics of Diversity
Authors: Sariyatun  , Marpelina Leni
Published: February 2024

Amidst growing global challenges, multiculturalism and intolerance play a significant role in shaping a diverse society. Conflicts of interest and cultural differences often lead to intolerance, affecting social interactions and public policy. This research explores multiculturalism and intolerance to understand diversity dynamics in society. It utilizes a literature review, analyzing various journal articles and books relevant to the research topic. Additionally, this research reveals the complexity of the relationship between multiculturalism and intolerance. Factors such as cultural differences, identity politics, conflicts of interest, and social injustice are the main influences on the tolerance level in society. This research aims to analyze how these factors interact, evaluate their impact on multiculturalism and tolerance, and create strategies to enhance multicultural education and inclusive public policies. These findings emphasize the importance of multicultural education and inclusive public policy in promoting cross-cultural understanding and reducing prejudice. The implications of this research are the need for collaboration between the government, educational institutions, and civil society to strengthen multicultural education and implement inclusive policies that support tolerance and harmony between cultural groups. This research provides essential insights for strengthening multiculturalism and addressing societal intolerance through an approach focused on inclusivity and social justice.
Educación y empleo en la industria de autos eléctricos en México en tiempos de crisis económica
Authors: Castillo Rodríguez Jesus , Ivanova Boncheva Antonina
Published: February 2024

El propósito de esta investigación es analizar la estructura educativa de las carreras relacionadas con la industria automotriz, con un enfoque en los vehículos eléctricos, y evaluar la tasa de desempleo de dicho campo laboral durante la crisis económica desencadenada por la pandemia de covid-19. La metodología propuesta implica la aplicación de una regresión econométrica múltiple utilizando series de tiempo e incorporando una variable dummy para cuantificar el impacto de la crisis económica en el empleo dentro de la industria de vehículos eléctricos. Los resultados preliminares sugieren una reducción significativa en el empleo dentro de esta industria durante la crisis económica.
Thermal Modeling and Electric Space Heating of a University Building in Newfoundland
Authors: Liyanage Chamila Jayanuwan , Iqbal Mohammad Tariq
Published: February 2024

Buildings play a substantial role in global energy consumption, constituting a considerable share of the overall energy use. In Canada, they contribute to around 25% of the total final energy consumption. Notably, space heating emerges as the primary energy consumer, accounting for approximately 57% of energy utilization in institutional and commercial buildings. This paper presents a feasibility analysis of converting the space heating system of the Core Science Facility (CSF) building of Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN). Analysis is done using RETScreen Clean Energy Management Software, known as RETScreen Expert, a software package developed by the Government of Canada, and the thermal modeling of the building using Energy3D, developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). The feasibility study indicates that significant savings can be achieved if space heating is switched to electric resistive heating. The results indicate a 24.2% savings in annual energy costs, with a simple payback period of 10.5 years. The simulation results from Energy3D are compared with the measured building energy consumption data provided by the MUN Facilities Management Department. The thermal model indicates less energy consumption than the actual measured values, which is a result of transmission losses, the interconnection between the CSF building and the University Center, building occupancy, the ventilation system, and degradation of equipment that are not considered in the model.
Are religious actors relevant in the prevention of violent extremism?
Authors:   Research Fellow, CIDOB, Bourekba Moussa , Martín Álvarez Alberto ,   Distinguished Researcher, University of Girona
Published: February 2024

It is common in public discourse in Europe to draw a direct line between a strict observance of Islam and the jihadi Salafi ideology. Thus, the correlations that may exist between “quietist” Salafism and jihadism are used to justify the surveillance of communities labelled as Salafi. However, the main findings of the research we present in this Nota Internacional on the Muslim communities in the Catalan municipalities of Reus (in the province of Tarragona) and Salt (Girona province) question the use of the Salafi label among scholars and the police. They also reveal the part religious and social actors play in the Muslim community. From this standpoint, we can see how religious actors could perform a major role in prevention of violent extremism (PVE) strategies, not just as potential informants as has been the case in the past, but also as real agents for the implementation of these strategies.
Top Indonesia's Journal Efficiency Analysis: Bibliometrics (Scientific Strength) and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)
Authors: Ibrahim Cecep
Published: February 2024

This study aims to analyze the efficiency of a journal by examining the correlation between the number of researchers associated with the journal and the expenses borne by researchers for publication concerning the scientific strengths achieved. The analysis is conducted through the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach. The data for scientific journal articles is collected from the metadata of Scopus, and WoS (Web of Science) was indexed in SINTA 1. Meanwhile, the APC (Article publication charge) data was obtained from the journal website. The input variables include the author, the editorial team, and the APC. In contrast, the output variables in this study are the scientific strength (publications and citations) generated. The study showed that the SINTA 1 journal indexed in Scopus and WoS with a DEA value of 1,000 was Operations and Supply Chain Management: An International Journal. The DEA value for journals indexed in Scopus and WoS is greater compared to the DEA value of journals indexed in WoS, as opposed to the DEA value of journals indexed in Scopus, but the difference is small.
Research Trends in the Use of Games in Early Childhood Education: A Bibliometric Study
Authors: Ulkhatiata Id'ha Tutfi
Published: February 2024

Games are a part of the learning media that might surely attract a child's interest, making the teaching and learning process more effective, efficient, and enjoyable. This study aims to present literature findings related to the use of games in early childhood education. The database was obtained using keywords such as 'game' and 'child education,' then stored in CSV format and analyzed using R-Bibliometrix (Biblioshiny) software. The included data type is journal articles. The study found that there was a fluctuation in the number of publications, with the highest production peak in 2022, totaling 192 articles. The authors who have contributed the most articles on the use of games in this field are Krustrup P and Larsen MN. The majority of scholarly works were still dominated by institutions from North America, particularly the United States, with the participation of 87 countries. The thematic map indicated a connection between the themes of game usage located in the lower right quadrant, suggesting opportunities for further exploration.
Interactive Visualization Dashboard for Exploring Scientific Publications in Indonesia
Authors: Sihombing Andre , Yaniasih  , Indrawati Ariani , Afandi Sjaeful , Ningsih Maha Rahmadani
Published: February 2024

Numerous bibliometric investigations have been carried out in Indonesia, primarily relying on publication data indexed exclusively in Scopus. This study aims to leverage scientific publication data from the Indonesian Scientific Journal Database (ISJD) by constructing an interactive visualization dashboard for the analysis of Indonesian scientific publications. This dashboard is expected to become an additional reference for researchers in the field of bibliometrics.  The stages of making this dashboard consist of Identification of visualization needs referring to previous research; data feasibility check; data correction and update; data visualization; and evaluation to assess the correctness of the data and the resulting visualization. Evaluation results indicate that the dashboard's analysis system is functioning effectively, offering diverse analysis options. Nonetheless, the system has limitations related to data quality in ISJD, necessitating improvements in terms of completeness, appropriateness, and data updates. Future research will enhance the dashboard by incorporating citation analysis calculations to evaluate the performance of authors and journals.