bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of oral zinc supplementation on bone biomarkers in rats in the experimental model of space exploration (simulated weightlessness)
Authors: Eslami Reza , Khoshvaghti Amir , Swann Jennifer , Hosseiniara Reza
Published: June 2022

Background: Zinc as a cofactor is effective in the function of many enzymes and is also essential for collagen synthesis and bone mineralization. Objectives: The current study aims to survey the effect of oral zinc supplementation on bone biomarkers (alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin) in rats in the experimental model of space exploration (simulated weightlessness). Methods: This was an experimental study. A laboratory model of space exploration for inducing weightlessness in rats was done by the Hindlimb suspension technic. Rats were randomly divided into 2 groups; group A (n=7) received daily zinc sulfate and group B (n=7) received daily placebo. Rats received the supplement or placebo for 30 days. The alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin were assessed in both groups at baseline and 30 days. Results: The microgravity simulation model of space exploration increased significantly alkaline phosphatase and decreased significantly osteocalcin in rats. Adding zinc sulfate to the diet has been effective in increasing the amount of alkaline phosphatase but has not shown a significant effect on the amount of osteocalcin reduction.Conclusion: According to current findings, it seems that Zinc administration did not have an effect on osteocalcin improvement but led to more rising of alkaline phosphatase in rats.
Long-standing Diabetes Mellitus Increases Concomitant Pancreatic Cancer Risk in Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms
Authors: Yamaguchi Atsushi , Tazuma Susumu , Tamaru Yuzuru , Kusunoki Ryusaku , Kuwai Toshio , Kouno Hirotaka , Toyota Naoyuki , Sudo Takeshi , Kuraoka Kazuya , Kohno Hiroshi
Published: June 2022

Background: When monitoring patients with an intraductal mucinous neoplasm (IPMN), it is important to consider both IPMN-derived carcinoma and concomitant ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The latter is thought to have a poorer prognosis. We retrospectively analyzed risk factors for concomitant PDAC in IPMN.Methods: In total, 547 patients with pancreatic cysts, including IPMN inappropriate for surgery on initial diagnosis, encountered from April 2005 to June 2019, were reviewed. We performed surveillance via imaging examination once or twice a year. Results: There were five intraductal papillary mucinous adenocarcinoma encountered. In comparison, there were 14 concomitant PDAC encountered. The prognosis was very poor in concomitant PDAC. All 14 PDAC patients had IPMN. In patients with IPMN, long-standing diabetes mellitus was the only significant risk factor for concomitant PDAC in both univariate and multivariate analysis ( P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively). Further, patients with IPMN and diabetes mellitus had high frequency of concomitant PDAC (9.5%, 9/95) in a median 48-month surveillance period.Conclusions: When monitoring IPMN, concomitant PDAC should be considered, rather than IPMN-derived carcinoma. During this period, it may be prudent to concentrate on patients with other risk factors for PDAC, such as long-standing diabetes mellitus.
Long term evaluation of a multidisciplinary trigeminal neuralgia service
Authors: Singhota Sanjeet , Tchantchaleishvili Nana , Wu Jianhua , Zrinzo Ludvic , Thorne Lewis , Akram Harith , Zakrzewska Joanna
Published: June 2022

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia is an episodic severe neuralgic pain and can be managed both medically and surgically. If possible, this should be directed by a Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) of specialised surgeons, physicians, dentists, psychologists and specialist nurses with access to all treatment modalities, which enables patients to make an informed decision about their future management.Objective: The aim of this study was to review the outcomes of patients managed by an MDT clinic, in a single institute over an eleven-year period.Methods: A prospective database was used to identify patients with trigeminal neuralgia or its variants who had attended a joint MDT clinic. The electronic notes were examined for demographics, onset and duration of trigeminal neuralgia, medications history, pain scores and details of surgical procedures if any by two independent assessors. Results: 334 patients attended the MDT between 2008-2019. Forty-nine of them had surgery before being referred to the service and were included but analysed as a subgroup. Of the remaining patients, 54% opted to have surgery following the MDT either immediately or at a later date. At the last reported visit 55% of patients who opted to have surgery were pain free and off medications, compared to 15.5% of medically managed patients. Surgical complications were mostly attributable to numbness and in the majority of cases this was temporary. All patients who were not pain free, had complications after surgery or opted to remain on medical therapy were followed up in a facial pain clinic which has access to pain physicians, clinical nurse specialists and a tailored pain management program. Regular patient related outcome measures are collected to evaluate outcomes.Conclusion: An MDT clinic offers an opportunity for shared decision making with patients deciding on their personal care pathway which is valued by patients. Not all patients opt for surgery, and some continue to attend a multidisciplinary follow up program. Providing a full range of services including psychological support, improves outcomes.
Preoperative prediction of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma lymph node metastasis by means of machine learning: a multicenter study in China
Authors: Huang Tingfeng , Liu Hongzhi , Lin Zhaowang , Kong Jie , Lin Kongying , Lin Zhipeng , Chen Yifan , Lin Qizhu , Zhou Weiping , Li Jingdong , Li Jiang-Tao , Zeng Yongyi
Published: June 2022

Background: Hepatectomy is currently the most effective modality for the treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). The status of lymph node affects the choice of surgical method and the formulation of postoperative treatment plan. Therefore, preoperative judgment of lymph node status is of great significance. Previous prediction models mostly adopted logistic regression modeling, and few studies applied random forests in the prediction of ICC lymph node metastasis(LNM).Methods: A total of 149 ICC patients who met clinical conditions were enrolled in the training group. Taking into account preoperative clinical data and imaging features, 21 indicators were included for analysis and modeling. Logistic regression was used to filter variables through multivariate analysis, and random forest was used to rank the importance of variables through algorithm. The prediction accuracy of the model was assessed by the C-index and calibration curve and validated with external data. Result: Multivariate analysis shows that CEA, CA199, and lymphadenopathy on imaging are independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis. The random forest algorithm identifies the top four risk factors as CEA, CA199, lymphadenopathy on imaging and AST. The predictive power of random forest is significantly better than the nomogram established by logistic regression in both the validation group and the training group (AUC reached 0.758 in the validation group) Conclusions: We construct a random forest model for predicting lymph node metastasis. Compared with the traditional nomogram, it has higher prediction accuracy, and at the same time, it has an auxiliary role in imaging examinations.
Ventilatory ratio and pre-ICU management delay as early predictors of mortality in invasively ventilated COVID-19-related ARDS patients. A retrospective observational cohort study.
Authors: Toumi Radhouane , Meddeb Khaoula , Bedhiafi Emir , Ennouri Emna , Bouguezzi Nabil , Hamdi Dhouha , Saida Imen Ben , Boussarsar Mohamed
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 has been a burden on healthcare systems with numerous hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, the most severe of which requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV).The aim of this study is to analyze characteristics of COVID-19-related ARDS patients requiring IMV in order to determine early clinical and physiological predictors of mortality.Methods: This is a retrospective observational cohort study carried out in the medical ICU of Farhat Hached University hospital in Sousse, Tunisia, between March 3rd 2020 and December 31st 2021. All consecutive patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to the ICU and requiring IMV were included. Demographic, clinical, physiological and ventilator data were collected. Univariate and multivariate cox regression models and Kaplan–Meier overall survival curves were used to identify risk factors of mortality.Results: 732 patients were admitted to the ICU, 465(63.5%) had a confirmed COVID-19 infection, 247(53.1%) required IMV. Median [IQR] age was 67[59-74] years; and pre-ICU management delay, 4[3-7] days. 149(60.3%) were on standard oxygenation; High-Flow Nasal Oxygen, 20(8.1%); Non-Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation, 56(22.7%) and already on IMV, 15(6.1%). SAPS II, 31[27-37]; P/F ratio, 96[76.3-139.8]. At day1 of IMV, tidal volume, 6.5[6-7] ml; PEEP, plateau and driving pressures, respectively, 10[8-10], 27[24-28] and 16[14-19] cmH2O; P/F ratio, 126.3[90.3-170.8]; ventilatory ratio, 2.36±0.89 and mechanical power, 36.0[29.3-45.2] J/min. Median length of stay, 12[7-17] days and median IMV duration, 8[5-12] days. Mortality rate, 84.6%. Early independent factors predicting mortality were age, pre-ICU management delay and ventilatory ratio at day1 of IMV.Conclusion: In invasively ventilated COVID-19-related ARDS patients, older age, longer pre-ICU management delay and higher ventilatory ratio at day1 of invasive mechanical ventilation, were independent risk factors of mortality.
Intramural cancer recurrence in the rectum after curative surgery for proximal sigmoid colon cancer: a case report
Authors: Asada Yusuke , Chinen Katsuya , Yamataka Ken , Tokuyama Jo , Kurihara Naoto , Iida Shuhei
Published: June 2022

Background:Intramural metastasis distant from the primary tumor is rare in colorectal cancer. Here, we present a notably rare case of asynchronous intramural recurrence in the rectum after curative surgery for proximal sigmoid colon cancer. To the best of our knowledge, our paper is the first case report of this type of recurrence.Case presentation:A 44-year-old man underwent curative sigmoidectomy for proximal sigmoid colon cancer with tubular adenocarcinomas. The pathological diagnosis was T3N0M0, Stage IIA, according to the 8th Union for International Cancer Control classification. Moderate venous invasion was observed, and all resection margins were negative, including sufficient proximal and distal margins from the tumor.After 15 months, the tumor marker level had increased, and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) revealed abnormal fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the rectum. Colonoscopy revealed a submucosal tumor (SMT)-like lesion in the upper rectum, and biopsy revealed a tubular adenocarcinoma. We performed curative low anterior resection based on a diagnosis of an atypical primary cancer or a rare case of intramural recurrence. We chose tumor-specific mesorectal excision (TSME) with a distal margin of 3 cm from the tumor. The SMT-like tumor was located approximately 20 cm from the initial sigmoid colon anastomosis (i.e., at least 20 cm distal to the initial sigmoid colon cancer), and pathological findings revealed cancer cells with the same features as the initial sigmoid colon cancer, only in the intestinal wall but not in the mucosa. Therefore, the recurrence was determined to be intramural. Severe venous invasion was also observed, and all resection margins were negative.After 24 months, lung recurrence and local recurrence, which may have involved the lymph nodes in the preserved mesorectum after TSME at the bottom of the pelvis, was detected on PET-CT. We started systemic chemotherapy and stable disease was achieved.Conclusions:This report presented a rare case of asynchronous intramural recurrence in the rectum after curative surgery for proximal sigmoid colon cancer. The discussion regarding the etiology, diagnosis, and optimal surgical procedure to achieve local control for rare intramural recurrence in colorectal cancer should provide valuable information in the clinical setting.
Binge-eating and Sodium Bicarbonate: A potent combination for gastric rupture in adults. Two case reports and a review of literature
Authors: Han You Jin , Roy Susmit , Siau Ashley Maria Pei Ling , Majid Adeeb
Published: June 2022

Background – Disordered eating behaviour including binge-eating often results in significant medical conditions, which are at times fatal. It can result in acute gastric dilatation which can lead to ischemic necrosis and stomach rupture. Dyspepsia and bloating are common symptoms following binge eating. Patients commonly use over-the-counter medications like sodium bicarbonate or home remedies for relief. However, in very rare, reported cases, sodium bicarbonate has been attributed to cause acute gastric dilatation and spontaneous gastric rupture instead. Methods – We report two cases of spontaneous gastric rupture following consumption of sodium bicarbonate containing antacids after a large meal, and a review of the literature of similar cases. Results – A total of 36 cases were identified. Approximately half of the cases (47.2%) were correlated with eating disorders, with higher prevalence in females (69%) and a very high mortality rate (41.6%). Amongst the 36 cases, sodium bicarbonate ingestion was associated with 10 cases. The lesser curvature (36.1%) and anterior wall (33.3%) are the most common sites of rupture. Associated causes include binge-eating, gas release from sodium bicarbonate, gastric content fermentation, proximal and distal outlet obstruction, and muscular atony. Discussion – Sudden distension and impaired emptying mechanism of the stomach is necessary for spontaneous gastric rupture to occur. Acute gastric dilatation with perforation requires definitive surgical management. There should be a low threshold of suspicion for patients presenting with severe abdominal pain and abdominal distension following an episode of binge-eating. There is a need for patient education around the use of over-the-counter medications or home remedies.
Oral Health and Depression among Older Adults in Urban China: A Moderated Mediation Model Analysis
Authors: Sun Qian , Wang Youwei , Chang Qingsong
Published: June 2022

Background
This study explored the association between oral health and depression occurs via daily dietary satisfaction as a mediator, and that body mass index moderates the path between daily dietary satisfaction and depression.
Methods
Data for this research were derived from a community survey adopting quota sampling in the cities of Tianjin and Shijiazhuang in mainland China in 2020 (N = 781). The moderated mediation model was tested by using bootstrapping with resampling strategies, and the Johnson-Neyman technique was used to visualize the moderating effect of body mass index.
Results
A significant negative association between oral health and depression has been indicated (B=-0.22, SE = 0.11, 95%CI [-0.44, -0.01]), and dietary satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between oral health and depression (B=-0.04, SE = 0.02, 95%CI [-0.09, -0.002]). The path was moderated by body mass index, and the effect of dietary satisfaction on depression was much greater in people with relatively low body mass index.
Conclusions
This study present evidence for policymakers and researchers that strategies to enhance oral health and daily dietary satisfaction could be important for preventing depression in Chinese older adults, and especially for the relatively fitter older groups with lower body mass index.
An Efficient Composite Cloud Service Model using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Techniques
Authors: Saha Munmun , Panda Sanjaya Kumar , Panigrahi Suvasini , Taniar David
Published: June 2022

Recent advancements in information technology (IT) have made cloud computing one of the most prominent technologies. It is most favor- able for the bundle of services that it provides to its users. Since there is a wide range of cloud service providers (CSPs) with various services, it is chal- lenging for the user to select a CSP that can meet all of its requirements. In this paper, we propose a composite cloud service (CCS) model, which is handled by a cloud agent, to identify the best cloud services/criteria from a set of CSPs by considering the objective and subjective opinions collected from the cloud users’ feedback and reviews. Note that the cloud agent is an intermediary between the users and CSPs. Then the agent recommends the CSPs to assemble the identified services into unified group services to fulfill the users’ requirements. Our model calculates the integrated objective and subjective weight of alternatives for a set of criteria and determines the best alternative for each criterion. For this, the application of two multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques, namely method based on the removal effect of criteria (MEREC) and extended step-wise weight assessment ra- tio analysis (ESWARA), are used to calculate the objective and subjective weights, respectively. The proposed model is compared with the analytic hier- archy process-technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (AHP-TOPSIS), TOPSIS-VlseKriterijuska Optimizacija I Komoromisno Re- senje (VIKOR), and SWARA-VIKOR to show its effectiveness.
Construction feasibility evaluation for potential ecological corridors under different widths: A case study of Chengdu in China
Authors: Xie Yusong , Wang Qianna , Xie Mengqing , Shibata Shozo
Published: June 2022

Accelerating urbanization has led to shrinkage of natural habitats, intensification of landscape fragmentation, reduction of cropland and forest areas, and degradation of biodiversity. Against this background, considering ecological corridors are important linear structures connected habitat patches, thereby helping to enhance urban ecological resilience and protect biodiversity. A growing number of researches focus on the identification of potential ecological corridors and evaluate the relative importance of such corridors on the effects of connected habitat patches. However, among the evaluation process, previous studies ignored the linear structures of corridors, didn’t explore corridor width and construction form differences. Accordingly, this study used minimum cumulative resistance model (MCRM) to identify potential ecological corridors. After that, we designed the construction feasibility evaluation system for evaluating the relative importance of such corridors with different widths, and applied it with the rapidly expanding city of Chengdu in western China. The results show that internal characteristics of potential ecological corridors vary greatly under different widths. Using the construction feasibility evaluation system, we found that more than 75% of corridors in Chengdu are difficult to construct, and construction sequence has obvious differences under different widths, besides provided a reference for construction and the selection of width for potential corridors in Chengdu. This research highlights the importance of width selection in corridor evaluation, the construction feasibility evaluation provided reference information on identification, analysis, construction sequence and construction practices for urban ecological network spatial planning.
Quantification of PM 2.5 bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Modelling of Benzo[a]pyrene in the Ambient Air of Automobile Workshops in Benin City
Authors: Okuo James M. , Onaiwu Gregory E .
Published: June 2022

The activities of artisans conducted regularly in automobile workshops had been observed to generate pollutants that are not limited to particulate matter (PM), Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). Thus, this research provided data on the quantification of PAHs coupled with the building of a predictive statistical model for the prediction of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in Benin City. The City was divided into four zones, namely North West (NW), North East (NE), South East (SE) and South West (SW) and a total of 180 representative samples were collected from artisans’ workshops in both wet and dry seasons using Apex2IS Casella standard pump fitted with conical inhalable sampling (CIS) head at a flow rate of 3.5L/min for 8 hours. Meteorological parameters were collected simultaneously with the PM2.5. PAHs were extracted and quantified using GC-FID. The annual average concentration of the total PAHs bounded to PM2.5 for NW, NE, SE and SW zones were 519.51 (638.78), 109.16 (169.16), 158.89 (178.40) and 77.65 (89.60) ng/m3for both wet and dry season respectively. A generalized linear model (GLiM) was used to develop a predicted model for the prediction of (BaP) air concentrations in the NW zone. The results of the selected model among the five trained models obtained with data from NW sampling sites are R2 = 0.792 and Adjusted R2 = 0.746 for model 1 with an overall p-value of 0.01. The proposed model established an approximation to estimate Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) concentrations in the urban automobile workshops’ atmospheres with a reasonable accuracy of 60–72%.
Circ_0072088 mediates hepatic fibrosis renders epithelial to mesenchymal transition through miR-330-3p/CDK1 axis in AML12 hepatocytes
Authors: Liu Mengmeng , Xing Yue , Jin Yao , Liu Shuang , Teng Xue , Zhi Duo , Zhong Lu , Dong Mei
Published: June 2022

Hepatic fibrosis was one of the causes to hepatocellular cancer (HCC), owing to limited therapeutic options. And hepatocytes can induce liver fibrogenesis via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Multiple circRNAs exert critical role in the occurrence of liver fibrosis via working as microRNA (miRNA) sponges. Circ_0072088 is upregulated in hepatocellular cancer (HCC) and promote proliferation, migration of HCC cells. However, the potential research mechanism for circ_0072088 action against the fibrotic progression remain still unknown. The treatment of AML12 hepatocytes with TGF-β1 contributed to dramatically increased in the levels of circ_0072088. Additionally, in terms of mechanism, circ_0072088 was authenticated to function as miR-330-3p sponge, not only noticeable increase EMT, but also induced fibrosis in AML12 hepatocytes. MiR-330-3p could weaken the roles of circ_0072088 acceleration. Moreover, we proved that CDK1, a miR-330-3p target, was time-dependently augmented in the TGF-β1 treated AML12 hepatocytes, and its overexpression weakens the miR-330-3p regulatory effects.Our findings provided a unique role of the circ_0072088 mediates hepatic fibrosis renders epithelial-mesenchymal transition at least partially through miR-330-3p/CDK1 axis, thus suggesting its tremendous therapeutic potential in the treatment of liver diseases.
The nutritional metabolic process of the dung beetle Phelotrupes auratus depends on the host animal
Authors: Sakamoto Takuma , Sinzeki Shun , Kakinuma Shunsuke , Ishihara Eri , Tabunoki Hiroko
Published: June 2022

Background: The dung beetle Phelotrupes auratus is a holometabolous insect belonging to the order Coleoptera, and it is widely distributed in Japan. The P. auratus habitat depends on host herbivore animals. P. auratus eats the dung of the host herbivores and carries it underground for its young. In this process, herbivore droppings disappear from the ground, not only keeping the ground hygienic but also maintaining good soil conditions for plant growth. In this way, a rich ecosystem is maintained. In recent years, the population of P. auratus has decreased, and the main cause has been the decrease in grazing land. It seems that Japanese dung beetles are mainly dependent on herbivores for nutrient sources. However, the physiological relationship between host herbivores and P. auratus has not been well investigated. Here, we investigated the nutritional metabolism system of P. auratus by performing whole gene expression analysis of individuals collected from two areas where the ecosystem is occupied by different specific herbivores.Results: We obtained 209,123 transcripts from P. auratus from Nara Park and Cape Toi and identified 2,592 differentially expressed genes in the fat bodies of the Nara Park and Cape Toi groups. We annotated P. auratus transcripts using Homo sapiens and Drosophila melanogaster genes as references; 36.6% of P. auratus transcripts were assigned to H. sapiens genes, and 24.7% of P. auratus transcripts were assigned to D. melanogaster genes. Therefore, we chose H. sapiens genes for P. auratus transcript annotation. Principal component analysis and gene set enrichment analysis revealed that the nutritional metabolism of P. auratus from Cape Toi might differ from that of P. auratus from Nara Park.Conclusion: We analyzed the nutritional metabolism system of P. auratus from Cape Toi and Nara Park and found that the characteristics of the nutritional metabolism process might depend on the plants consumed by the host herbivore. Our findings will contribute to elucidating the relationships among habitat plants, herbivores, and dung decomposers and may aid in the maintenance of sustainable land health cycles.
Temporal-based Swin Transformer Network for Workflow Recognition of Surgical Video
Authors: Pan Xiaoying , Gao Xuanrong , Wang Hongyu , Zhang Wuxia , Mu Yuanzhen , Bi Manrong , He Xianli
Published: June 2022

Purpose Surgical workflow recognition has emerged an important part of computer-assisted intervention systems for the modern operating room, and at the same time a very challenging problem. For sequence data, modelling of temporal information is essential for accurate identification. However, current phase recognition methods based on the CNN framework are not very adequate for the extraction of long-range dependencies. Methods Therefore, to better capture long-range dependencies, we propose a Temporal-based Swin Transformer Network (TSTNet) for the surgical video workflow recognition task. TSTNet contains two main parts: the Swin Transformer and the LSTM. The Swin Transformer incorporates the attention mechanism to encode remote dependencies and learn highly expressive representations. The LSTM is capable of learning longrange dependencies and is used to extract temporal information. The TSTNet organically combines the two components to extract spatiotemporal features that contain more contextual information. In particular, based on a full understanding of the natural features of the surgical video, we propose a priori revision algorithm (PRA) using a priori information about the sequence of the surgical phase. This strategy optimises the output of TSTNet and further improves the recognition performance. Results We have conducted extensive experiments using the Cholec80 dataset to validate the effectiveness of the TSTNet-PRA method. Our method achieves excellent performance on the Cholec80 dataset and can achieve an accuracy of 93.5%. This greatly exceeds the state-of-the-art methods. Conclusion By modelling remote temporal information and multi-scale visual information, we proposed the TSTNet-PRA method. It was evaluated on a large public dataset, showing high recognition capability superior to other spatiotemporal networks.
Enzymatic basis of the Fc-selective intra-chain disulfide reduction and free thiol content variability in an antibody produced in Escherichia coli
Authors: Baginski Tomasz K. , Veeravalli Karthik , McKenna Rebekah , Williams Christopher , Wong Katherine , Tsai Christina , Hewitt Daniel , Mani Karthik , Laird Michael W.
Published: June 2022

Background: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a promising host for production of recombinant proteins (including antibodies and antibody fragments) that don’t require complex post-translational modifications such as glycosylation. During manufacturing-scale production of a one-armed antibody in E. coli (periplasmic production), variability in the degree of reduction of the antibody’s disulfide bonds was observed. This resulted in variability in the free thiol content, a potential critical product quality attribute. This work was initiated to understand and prevent the variability in the total free thiol content during manufacturing. Results: In this study, we found that the reduction in antibody’s disulfide bonds was observed to occur during homogenization and the ensuing homogenate hold step where in the antibody is exposed to redox enzymes and small molecule reductants present in homogenate. Variability in the downstream processing time between the start of homogenization and end of the homogenate hold step resulted in variability in the degree of antibody disulfide bond reduction & free thiol content. The disulfide bond reduction in the homogenate is catalyzed by the enzyme disulfide bond isomerase C (DsbC) and is highly site-specific and occurred predominantly in the intra-chain disulfide bonds present in the Fc CH2 region. Our results also imply that lack of glycans in E. coli produced antibodies may facilitate DsbC accessibility to the disulfide bond in the Fc CH2 region, resulting in its reduction. Conclusions: During E. coli antibody manufacturing processes, downstream processing steps such as homogenization and subsequent processing of the homogenate can impact degree of disulfide bond reduction in the antibody and consequently product quality attributes such as total free thiol content. Duration of the homogenate hold step should be minimized as much as possible to prevent disulfide bond reduction & free thiol formation. Other approaches such as reducing homogenate temperature, adding flocculants prior to homogenization, using enzyme inhibitors, or modulating redox environments in the homogenate should be considered to prevent antibody disulfide bond reduction during homogenization and homogenate processing steps in E. coli antibody manufacturing processes.
Application of CNN-LSTM based hybrid neural network in power load forecasting
Authors: Gong Lixiong , Chao Yinkang , Huang Xiao , Chen Jialin
Published: June 2022

Effective prediction of electrical energy consumption, rational formulation of corresponding safety measures, and improvement of the accuracy of power load time series prediction are important guidelines for improving the application and management of electrical energy. In order to accurately predict the electric energy consumption and enhance the applicability of the model. In this paper, we propose a convolutional neural network (CNN) based on electric energy consumption data combined with a long-term short-term memory recurrent neural network (LSTM) for electric energy consumption prediction model, selecting electric energy consumption time series with large samples and large time span. consumption time series, including model structure design, model training, model prediction, and model optimization, to implement the prediction algorithm. By using the minimum objective function as the optimization objective, the Adam optimization algorithm is used to continuously update the weights of the neural network and to tune the network layers and batch size to select the best. The number of layers and batch size are used as parameters of the power consumption prediction model. Finally, the optimized CNN-LSTM prediction model is invoked to predict the electricity consumption in the next time period using the electricity load data of Interconnection LLC (PJM) under the Regional Transmission Organization (RTO) in the United States as an example. The results show that the combined model can achieve 98.94% prediction accuracy and 0.0066 mean absolute error (MAE), all of which are better than other basic models, proving that the combined prediction model has better performance in terms of power load prediction accuracy.
Health outcomes of fruit juice and fruity beverage: a comparative analysis of gut microbiota and metabolomics in rats
Authors: Wang Kewen , Zhao Yang , Xu Lei , Liao Xiaojun , Xu Zhenzhen
Published: June 2022

Background
Diet is foods and drinks regularly consumed, and its regulation is complicated. It is necessary to obtain a practical understanding of which foods and drinks contribute to health and well-being and which are insalubrious. Clear evidence shows that a high intake of fruity beverage (FB) is associated with a higher risk of metabolic syndromes; unlike FB, the health outcome of fruit juice (FJ) intake is still controversial. Here, we aim to reveal the health outcomes of diet intervention (FJ or FB) with system profiling via the interaction of gut microbiota and metabolomics.
Results
Firstly, the glucose, sucrose, fructose, and other bioactive metabolites of FJ and FB were analyzed, and FJ possessed higher sucrose and flavonoids, while FB showed higher glucose and fructose. Secondly, C0 was set as the control group on Day 0, and a 4-week diet invention was performed to control, FJ-intake, and FB-intake groups with normal saline, FJ, and FB, respectively. Then, disparate trends in the metabolic syndrome of FJ-intake and FB-intake groups were revealed through the diet-microbiome-metabolic pathway axis. FJ improved alpha diversity and decreased the F/B ratio of gut microbiota as well as prevented insulin resistance with the reduced food intake in the FJ-intake group. However, FB possessed unchanged microbial diversity and enhanced F/B ratio, causing insulin resistance with renal triglyceride accumulation, increased kidney mass index as well as steadily improved weight change in FB-intake group.
Conclusions
The distinct processing degrees could explain the different FB and FJ intake responses in rats. FB with excess free fructose belongs to ultra-processed foods, while FJ with higher flavonoids belongs to minimally processed foods. We genuinely believe that FJ with a lower processing degree, although naturally contains the similar total amount of 3 main free sugars as FB, could be a healthier drink choice.
Overexpression of CYP11A1 recovers cell cycle distribution in renal cell carcinoma Caki-1
Authors: Ong Hien Thi My , Kim Tae-Hun , Ates Eda , Pyun Jae-Chul , Kang Min-Jung
Published: June 2022

BackgroundClear cell renal carcinoma is commonly known for its metastasis propensity to outspread to other organs and does not exhibit symptoms in the early stage. Recent studies have shown that deficiencies in CYP11A1 expression can lead to fatal adrenal failure if left untreated and are associated with downstream regulation in various cancer types. However, the molecular mechanisms of CYP11A1 and kidney cancer proliferation remain unclear. MethodsNormal and renal carcinoma cell lines (Hek293 and Caki-1) were transfected with CYP11A1 to stimulate overexpression. Cell cycle distribution was investigated using flow cytometry. Related signaling pathways were analysed by western blot. ResultsWe observed that overexpression of CYP11A1 suppressed the expression of cyclin B1 and cell-division cycle 2 but cyclin-dependent kinases 2 and 4 were not affected. Cancer cell migration and invasion were suppressed along with epithelial-intermediate metastatic markers snail and vimentin. In addition, CYP11A1 overexpressed Caki-1 cell line resulting in downregulation of cdc2/cyclinB1 while increasing phosphorylation of cdc25c, an upstream signal related to G2/M arrest. The markers for intrinsic-mitochondrial apoptosis pathway were not significantly altered. We also identified that the C-Raf/ERK/JNK/p38 pathway is an important mechanism for pro-apoptosis in CYP11A1 overexpressed cell-based models. Our results suggest that the disturbed cell cycle arrest distribution in renal cell carcinoma Caki-1 was recovered by the overexpression of CYP11A1 through G2/M arrest and C-Raf/ERK/JNK pathway.ConclusionsOur findings may suggest a promising new therapeutic target to suppress kidney cancer proliferation without affecting normal cells, thus could be used to improve cancer patients’ survival rate.
Efficacy of side and roof panels of a dual insecticide treated net (Interceptor® G2) against Anopheles arabiensis in North-Eastern Tanzania
Authors: Mbewe Njelembo J. , Rowland Mark W. , Snetselaar Janneke , Azizi Salum , Small Graham , Nimmo Derric D. , Mosha Franklin W.
Published: June 2022

Background: Optimising insecticide use and managing insecticide resistance are important to sustain gains against malaria using long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs). Restricting insecticides to where mosquitoes are most likely to make multiple contacts could reduce insecticide needed to treat nets. Previous studies have shown that nets partially treated with a pyrethroid insecticide in experimental huts with human sleepers gave equivalent mortality to a fully treated net. This remains to be demonstrated in LLINs with dual active ingredients developed to control pyrethroid resistant vectors. Here, the efficacy of Interceptor®G2 (IG2; a dual active LLIN containing alpha-cypermethrin and chlorfenapyr) netting in different roof and side combinations with untreated netting was compared against wild free-flying Anopheles arabiensis in terms of mortality, blood-feeding inhibition, exophily and deterrence using the following treatment arms: untreated nets, roof-treated IG2 (IG2 on roof and untreated sides), side-treated IG2 (IG2 on sides and untreated roof) and IG2 (standard fully treated net).Methods: The study was conducted in cow baited experimental huts, Moshi Tanzania, using a 4-arm Latin square design. Test nets had 30 holes cut in panels to simulate a typical net after 2-3 years use. Analysis used grouped logistic regression with random effects to analyse proportions and negative binomial regression to analyse count data.Results: The roof-treated IG2, side-treated IG2 and IG2 nets significantly increased the likelihood of mortality by 51-fold, 138-fold and 223-fold (P<0.001) respectively compared to the untreated net. The IG2 net increased the likelihood of mortality fourfold (P=0.009) compared to the roof-treated IG2 net. While mortality was not significantly different between IG2 and side-treated IG2 (P>0.05) nets, there was a trend of more area covered the higher the mortality. There was no significant difference in the likelihood of blood feeding or exiting between untreated net arm and the treatment arms. Conclusion: The results show that although the roof-treated IG2 net induced greater mortality compared to untreated nets, its efficacy was reduced compared to IG2 nets. Further investigations are required to explore how attractant used (human or animal), hut type, mosquito species, and properties of active ingredient can influence the effectiveness of restricted treatment on Dual-AI nets.
Synchronous squamous cell carcinoma of rectum and anal canal- a rare entity
Authors: Jabbar Shabana , Soni Subhash Chandra , Selvakumar B , Taywade Sameer , Elhence Poonam
Published: June 2022

Rectal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare entity whereas anal SCC is the most common malignancy of the anal canal. We discuss a case of 78 year old man who presented to us with 2-month history of altered bowel habits and anorexia. On evaluation, by digital rectal examination there were two growths one at 2 cms and another at 8 cms from anal verge. Multiple biopsies were negative for malignancy. He underwent PET/CT scan which confirmed one mid-rectal and another anal canal growth with high SUV uptake, suspicious of malignancy. He underwent a laparoscopic abdomino-perineal resection and the final histopathology showed synchronous rectal and anal SCC. This is only the second case of synchronous rectal and anal SCC reported in English literature. We discuss the challenges faced in the diagnosis and management of this case.
Preserved ratio impaired spirometry with or without restrictive spirometric abnormality
Authors: Miura Shinichiro , Iwamoto Hiroshi , Omori Keitaro , Yamaguchi Kakuhiro , Sakamoto Shinjiro , Horimasu Yasushi , Masuda Takeshi , Miyamoto Shintaro , Nakashima Taku , Fujitaka Kazunori , Hamada Hironobu , Yokoyama Akihito , Hattori Noboru
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) is defined by reduced FEV1 with a preserved FEV1/FVC ratio; some individuals with PRISm can also have restrictive ventilatory abnormality. There may be differences in clinical features between PRISm with and without a restrictive abnormality, but there has been no study to investigate them separately. The aim of this study was to clarify clinical features of restrictive and non-restrictive PRISm.Methods: In total, 11246 participants (mean, 49.1 years; range, 35–65 years) from five healthcare centres were included in this study. We evaluated baseline characteristics of participants with restrictive PRISm (FEV1/FVC ≥0.7, FEV1 <80% and FVC <80%) and non-restrictive PRISm (FEV1/FVC ≥0.7, FEV1 <80% and FVC ≥80%), and airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC <0.7 independent of FVC values). We examined the longitudinal risk of developing airflow obstruction by comparing spirometry results at baseline and 5 years post-baseline among 2141 participants.Results: Multivariate analysis demonstrated that a history of asthma or smoking could constitute an independent risk factor for non-restrictive PRISm, and that non-restrictive PRISm was independently associated with the risk of developing airflow obstruction. In contrast, female sex, advanced age, and high BMI, but not history of asthma or smoking, were risk factors for restrictive PRISm. Restrictive PRISm was not associated with the development of airflow obstruction. Conclusions: PRISm can be categorized according to the presence or absence of restrictive abnormality. Increased risk of developing airflow obstruction was shown in non-restrictive PRISm, which is categorized as normal by the conventional criteria of obstructive and restrictive ventilatory abnormalities.
Material Classification with a 7th Sense; Boosting Recognition Ability with Thermal Imagery
Authors: Großmann Willi , Horn Helena , Niggemann Oliver
Published: June 2022

Material recognition using optical sensors is a key enabler technology in the field of automation. Nowadays, in the age of deep learning, the challenge shifted from (manual) feature engineering to collecting big data. State of the art recognition approaches are based on deep neural networks employing huge databases.
But still, it is difficult to transfer these latest recognition results into the wild – various lighting conditions, a changing image quality, or different and new material classes are challenging complications. Evaluating a larger electromagnetic spectrum is one way to solve these challenges.
In this study, the infrared (IR) emissivity as a materialspecific property is investigated regarding its suitability for increasing the material classification reliability. Predictions of a deep learning model are combined with engineered features from IR data. This approach increases the overall accuracy and helps to differentiate between materials that visually appear similar. The solution is verified using real data from the field of automatized disinfection processes.
RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL OF CONVENTIONAL LAPAROSCOPIC VERSUS SINGLE INCISION LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY
Authors:   Assistant Professor Department of Trauma Surgery,King Georges Medical University, UP, Lucknow, India., Jaiswal Vaibhav , Singh Saumya ,   Associate Professor Department of General Surgery, King Georges Medical University, UP, Lucknow, India., Kumar Surendar ,   Associate Professor Department of General Surgery, King Georges Medical University, UP, Lucknow, India., Singh Devendra ,   Professor Department of General Surgery, King Georges Medical University, UP, Lucknow, India.
Published: June 2022

Background:From big incision to minimally invasive multiport classic laparoscopic cholecystectomy (CLC) and now to single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) surgeryhas travelled a long way. There are proposedadvantages and potential disadvantages of SILC compared to the gold standard CLC. However, debate still exists whether SILC has anything more to offer. We compared various parameters of patient satisfaction, quality of life and short term surgical outcomes between CLC and SILC. Method: RCT was conducted forduration of one year. Patients were assigned into SILC and CLC groups. Operative time, length of hospital stay, quality of life (SF 36 questionnaire), patients overall and cosmetic satisfaction and postoperative pain using 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS) were assessed.The data analysis was done using software SPSS version20.0. Results: A total of 36 patients (28 women and 8 men) with mean age 39.88Â±11.99 yearswere allocated into SILC (n=18) and CLC (n=18) groups.The mean operative time for SILC was significantly longer than CLC (66.33 vs 46.50 minutes, P=0.001). VAS recorded higher pain in first 24 hours postoperatively in SILC than CLC group (4.467 vs 2.667, P=0.06). However, at the time of discharge patients in CLC had greater pain than SILC group (0.22 vs 0.133, P>0.99).No significant variability was seen in length of hospital stay (SILC 3.60 vs CLC 3.38 days, P=0.47). The QOL on first follow up visit showed statistically significant difference in two of the domain of SF 36, namely vitality and bodily pain. Patients overall and cosmetic satisfaction showed no superiority of SILC over CLC. Conclusions:Although patient prefers SILC in wake of cosmetic reasons, still it is a long way off from replacing CLC. Larger operative time and lack of standardization makes SILC still an evolving procedure and judicious patient selection is must for better outcome.
RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF CRESTAL BONE LOSS FOR BAR RETAINEDIMPLANT OVERDENTURE SUPPORTED BY FOUR IMPLANTS VERSUS ALL ON 4 SCREW RETAINED PROSTHESIS
Authors:   Lecturer of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University., Shady Mohamed , Kandil Islam ,   Lecturer of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University., Abo-Elfetouh Elsheikh Heba ,   Lecturer of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University.
Published: June 2022

To compare in-vivo conventional 4 parallelimplant placement and bar attachment with cantilever supporting complete overdenture with All-on four configuration supporting fixed screw-retained denture in the term of crestal bone loss around implants Materials and methods:Twelve male patients with good health and firm mucosa were selected to participate in this study. Each patient received four implants in the canine and second premolar areas of the mandible. The patients were randomly classified according to posterior implants angulation into two equal groups,Group(A) received four parallel implants in the canine and second premolar areas, bar-clip attachment with cantilever retaining complete overdenture while Group(B) recievedTwo anterior parallel implants in the canine region and two posteriorly 30Â° tilted implants in the second premolar area supporting fixed screw retained prosthesis. Crestal bone loss around implants was measured for each patient by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and evaluation made at T6 and T12 Results:Therewassignificantdifference during comparing Marginal bone loss at 6 months with that of 12 months at mesial, distal, buccal and palatal bone for Group (A)(P=0.01, 0.025, 0.0001 and 0.007 respectively) and Group (B) (P=0.03, 0.028, 0.007 and 0.001 respectively). Comparing the two groups, there was no statistical difference at 6 months or 12 months. Conclusion: Despite the limitations in this study, it can be denoted than both treatment options provide the same values of marginal bone loss Only the patient desire is still the contributing factor for choosing the type of restoration, if the patient desire fixed prosthesis with reduced extensions then treatment option used for group(B) (fixed detachable prosthesis screwed to four implants with the posterior implants tilted 30Â° posteriorly) however when access for oral hygiene measures is more important with patients that cant maintain hygiene with fixed prosthesis, then the selection of group (A) will be more appropriate.