bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
МЕТОДИКА ВИКЛАДАННЯ ОЗДОРОВЧОГО ФІТНЕСУ ПРИ ЗАХВОРЮВАННЯХ ОПОРНО-РУХОВОГО АПАРАТУ
Authors: Новакова Л. В. , Ващук М. В.
Published: July 2023

У статті йдеться про роль методики викладання оздоровчого фітнесу, що прямо пов’язана з покращенням фізичного, морального та духовного стану людини.
СУЧАСНІ ФІТНЕС-ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ В ОЗДОРОВЧО-РЕКРЕАЦІЙНІЙ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ЖІНОК
Authors: Назарук В. Л. , Полівода С. С.
Published: July 2023

У статті визначено поняття «технологія», «педагогічна технологія» «фітнес-технологія», «здоров’я­збережувальна технологія». Проаналізовано ефективність використання технології занять оздоровчо-руховою активністю на свіжому повітрі й технології емоційної підтримки. Ми переконані, що для покращення здоров’я учасниць експерименту доцільно значну частину занять оздоровчо-руховою активністю проводити на свіжому повітрі. Проведення занять оздоровчо-рекреаційної спрямованості на свіжому повітрі сприяло тому, що знання та навички, отримані під час виконання цих вправ, можна успішно використовувати в різних сферах життя. Ми довели, що заняття просто неба забезпечують всебічний і гармонійний розвиток особистості жінки на основі комплексного виконання завдань фізичного, екологічного, валеологічного, естетичного та морального виховання. Також заняття фітнесом на свіжому повітрі забезпечують комплексне поєднання фізичних вправ і природних сил як основних засобів оздоровчо-рекреаційної діяльності. Крім того, ми застосували технологію емоційної підтримки учасниць експерименту через використання музики під час занять фітнесом. Також упровадили визначені здоров’язбережувальні технології, що сприяло покращенню рекреаційної діяльності. Показниками цього процесу були: значне поліпшення емоційного стану учасниць експерименту, більш сумлінне виконання ними фізичних вправ, підвищення їх рухової активності, розвиток відчуття прекрасного та естетичного, формування міжпредметних інтеграційних зв’язків.
The Problem of Consciousness in the Early Works of A.N. Leontiev
Authors: Ivannikov Vyacheslav A.
Published: July 2023

Background. The study of history and development of the theory has an independent value, especially when it comes to analyzing the development of the author’s viewpoint. Objective. The work analyses provisions on the origin of consciousness in the early works of A.N. Leontiev. Results. It is shown that A.N. Leontiev was to turn to the concept of activity in solving the problem of psyche development in phylo- and ontogenesis. He accepts the idea of L.S. Vygotsky, postulating that it is possible to find the key to consciousness in the way of life of a person as a social being. He, therefore, proposes to introduce the concept of activity as of a special way of life, a unit of life for living beings, realizing their active behaviour in adapting to the changing objective conditions of the surrounding space of activity. Thus, A.N. Leontiev associates the criterion of psyche not with the subjective experiences, but with irritability to abiotic signals as landmarks, i.e. with the influences that are not included directly into metabolism. It is demonstrated that in the early works of A.N. Leontiev the movement of his reflections on the problem of the origin and development of psyche, including consciousness, as its specific form is presented. Analyzing the process of generation of consciousness, A.N. Leontiev turns first of all to Marxist philosophical foundations as prerequisites for a psychological theory of consciousness. The main factor that requires a change in the natural psyche of a person is work activity, which requires a person to have new mental capabilities and sets tasks for awareness. Conclusion. The main A.N. Leontiev’s ideas on consciousness and activity were formulated by the author in the 1930s. The position that it is activity that is the factor transferring requirements of life to the psyche of living beings, including humans, was the main achievement.
Living Subjectivity and Cultural-historical Method: Limits to Applicability
Authors: Subbotsky Eugene V.
Published: July 2023

Background. Any method of research or influence has limits of applicability. Determining the limits of applicability of the cultural-historical approach will reveal new phenomena in the study of living subjectivity that cannot be investigated within the framework of the cultural-historical approach to the psyche. Objective of the study was to determine the limits of applicability of the cultural-historical method and to describe new mental phenomena, the study of which requires fundamentally different methodological approaches.Methods. The material is the author’s and his colleagues’ long-term research in the field of functioning and development of consciousness. The method involved logical analysis when comparing the cultural-historical approach to psyche and the approach based on intuitive-reflective self-observation of living subjectivity. Results. The analysis showed that cultural-historical method and socio-cultural method derived from it, aim at managing subjectivity with the help of objectified structures of the psyche — sign-symbolic formations such as speech, logical thinking, scientific concepts, social norms or culturally developed perceptual patterns. At the same time, the “fossils of living subjectivity” — symbols and signs, scientific concepts, schemes, algorithms, norms, theories, and others — are “psychological tools” that mediate the operation of living subjectivity. All directions in Russian psychology within this approach originated from this approach — the assertion of the leading role of speech in the development of the higher mental functions (HMF) by L.S. Vygotsky, the concept of the orienting basis of action (IBA) by P.Ya. Galperin, school programs for teaching concepts by D.B. Elkonin and V.V. Davydov, neuropsychological methods by A.R. Luria, studies of the development of voluntary movements by A.V. Zaporozhets and others. All these approaches worked; however, the living subjectivity remained a mystery. On the contrary, the method applicable to the study of living subjectivity can be called the method of “releasing impact” — an experiment based on self-observation and self-report in conditions where the subject can freely structure reality. Conclusion. The cultural-historical method is effective in teaching ready-made knowledge at school, in developing skills, restoring lost cognitive functions in patients, or shaping cognitive and socio-moral forms of behavior based on external control. However, this method is not applicable to living subjectivity — experiences, the motivational-semantic sphere based on the magical laws of participation, emotional sphere and creative thinking, since this method considers a person as an object. The principles of studying living subjectivity are proposed, practical approaches to influence living subjectivity, as well as the contradictions and dangers associated with them are analyzed.
Pilot assessment and preliminary psychometric properties of the Russian version of the Light Triad Scale
Authors: Ilichov Nikita R. , Zolotareva Alena A.
Published: July 2023

Background. The concept of the Light Triad as the direct opposite of the Dark Triad, was developed to describe a healthy, prosperous personality and is operationalized in the Light Triad Scale (LTS), which measures three “light” personality traits: faith in humanity, or belief in the fundamental nature of human goodness; humanism, or belief in the worth and dignity of each person; and Kantianism, or treating people as self-valuable individuals. The original LTS is psychometrically sound and widely used for scientific and practical purposes. Objective. The aim of this study was to pilot and analyze the preliminary psychometric properties of the Russian version of the LTS. Methods. The participants (n = 300; aged 16 to 56) completed the Russian version of the LTS and instruments measuring subjective happiness, subjective vitality, Dark Triad and Big Five traits. Results. Confirmatory factor analysis, after excluding items with weak factor loadings, revealed a three-­factor structure assessing the Light Triad. The LTS scales had marginal internal reliability, ranging from 0.588 to 0.631, and were statistically significantly positively related to extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness, subjective happiness, and subjective vitality, and negatively associated with neuroticism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Conclusion. Preliminary psychometric properties of the Russian LTS showed its factorial and convergent validity. The Russian version of the LTS can be recommend as a diagnostic instrument for assessing faith in humanity, humanism, and Kantianism as traits of the Light Triad.
Satisfaction with communication among teenagers and youth during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Baranova Victoria A. , Dubovskaya Еkaterina М. , Savina Ol’ga O.
Published: July 2023

Background. The study is evoked by the need to clarify the trajectories of the development of communication among adolescents and young people in different periods of the pandemic. Objective. The aim is to analyze satisfaction with mediated and real communication in adolescence and youth in a situation of restriction of social contacts. Methods. The methods included a questionnaire survey (Google forms) aimed at identifying changes in communication among adolescents during different periods of the pandemic; self-assessment on a 10‑point scale of satisfaction with communication; an associative survey regarding communication during the pandemic; as well as questions that identify changes in leisure activities. The study included a search stage (spring 2020) and the main stage (autumn 2021), in which A. Mehrabian’s affiliation questionnaire was additionally used to identify the motivation for social contacts. Sample. Students of secondary schools and students of junior courses of universities took part in the research. The sample included 306 people (average age 15.9 years); male — 34%, female — 66%. Results. The study revealed significant differences between retrospective and current assessments of satisfaction with communication in a pandemic situation: the higher level of satisfaction with real communication in autumn 2021 as compared to 2020 (p < 0.001), a significant decrease in satisfaction with remote mediated communication (p < 0.01). It was found that adolescent schoolchildren are more satisfied with communication during the first period of the pandemic, unlike students (p < 0.05). Adolescents who are less in need of close friends and who easily converge with people are more satisfied with real communication. Adolescents with a high desire for acceptance (p < 0.05) and a low fear of rejection are satisfied with real communication. Conclusions. In the context of the pandemic, remote communication had a positive meaning — compensating for real social contacts through the strengthening of the trend to use the Internet space for communication and interaction. After quarantine, some teenagers began to appreciate real communication to a greater extent, while others preferred to continue communicating via the Internet, avoiding personal meetings. The results were used in psycho-­corrective work in terms of overcoming the predominant orientation towards virtual contacts and Internet attachment.
Comparative analysis of mixed methods designs in the context of socio-psychological research
Authors: Melnikova Olga T. , Nesterova Ekaterina M.
Published: July 2023

Background. Th e special status of social psychology, due to its emergence at the intersection of sociology and psychology, gives rise to the need to search for new methodological solutions for research problems. Today in psychology there is a tendency to overcome the qualitative-quantitative dichotomy and a growing interest in “mixed” methods of research. In this regard, it is relevant to review existing works on mixed methods strategies and systematize the knowledge gained in the context of the identifi ed issues. In order to include mixed strategies in research practice, it is essential to analyze the types of design that combine diff erent types of research methods. Objective. Th e study had its purpose to conduct a comparative analysis of the mixed methods designs proposed by foreign researchers in the fi eld of social sciences, as well as to develop an optimal mixed methods design model applicable to socio-psychological research. Method. Th e types of mixed methods design proposed by Morgan, Magetti, Cresswell and Clark were compared according to the following criteria: the stages of mixing qualitative and quantitative approaches, the time sequence of their application within the same research project, and the emphasis on the task specifi cs depending on the approach. Results. Based on the theoretical material and the results of a comparative analysis of the existing classifi cations, a mixed methods design model has been developed, which includes fi ve types of design diff ering in the sequence of methods used, their priority, and the nature of the tasks solved: searching, constructing, generalizing, explanatory (quality-oriented and quantity-oriented). Conclusion. Th e proposed model of mixed methods design can be advantageous for socio-psychological research, since it allows to implement both objective and subjective data, combining them depending on the study objectives.
Psychology of the possible and possibilistic thinking
Authors: Znakov Viktor V.
Published: July 2023

Background. Th e article is devoted to the psychological analysis of a new problem for the psychology of a possible — possibilistic thinking. It is substantiated that if classical psychology was directed to the past, focused on identifying the connections of past experience with current behavior, then the creative potential of the psychology of thepossible lies in the fact that a very signifi cant part of it is directed towards an unknown indefi nite future. In the perspective of modern methodology of scientifi c knowledge, research in the psychology of the possible is based on the possibilistic thinking, including counterfactual reasoning and intuitive insight. Th e objective of the study: to analyze the theoretical and methodological foundations of possibilistic thinking based on counterfactual reasoning and intuitive insight. Results. Th e article presents an analytical review of research in the fi eld of counterfactual thinking and serendipity. Two main areas of research into the possible are identifi ed — cognitive and sociocultural. Th e cognitive direction of research refl ects the desire of scientists to correlate and compare the real situation with the potentially acceptable and therefore possible. Th e sociocultural approach deals with the possible in a reality in which facts are not uniquely “objective”, because they depend on the opinions, attitudes, values, and norms of people. Th e sociocultural understanding of the human world is based on the analysis not only of the actual world, but also of the relation of possible worlds to it. Conclusions. Possibilistic thinking is not structural and meaningful, but functional.It is actualized when, without focusing on options for changing the cognitive or communicative situation, it is impossible to understand its current state, as well as the potential for possible development. Signifi cant components of possibilistic thinking are counterfactual reasoning and intuitive insight. Th e use of such thinking gives the cognizing subject an opportunity to deeply and fully analyze not only the current cognizable situation, but also possible past and future options for changing it.
Exploring the Application of the Social Cost of Carbon in Loss-and-Damage and Impact Assessment
Authors: Majekolagbe Adebayo , Seck Sara L. , Wright David V.
Published: July 2023

In this tribute to our friend and colleague, Dr Meinhard Doelle, we bring together three strands of work that we each undertook in collaboration with Meinhard: social cost of carbon, climate change loss and damage, and climate impact assessment. We first introduce social cost of carbon estimates as a form of carbon valuation used in decision-making processes in Canada and the United States. We then introduce legal approaches to climate change loss and damage and related challenges of economic and non-economic valuation. After contemplating the potential for social cost of carbon to contribute to valuation of loss and damage, and vice versa, we examine the integration of climate change in impact assessment law. Ultimately, we tentatively consider whether application of the social cost of carbon for the valuation of loss and damage in impact assessment processes might help to centre justice concerns. In conclusion, we pose questions for future research.
The BiTe_Corpus as a Tool for Data Exploration in the History of Hispanic Linguistics
Authors: Battaner Moro Elena , Herranz-Llácer Cristina V. , Gordillo Ana Segovia
Published: July 2023

Digital humanities make it possible to approach traditional academic topics (such as Hispanic linguistic historiography) from a novel and revelatory perspective. Using tools such as Voyant Tools or Gephi, one can study both primary and secondary sources from the history of linguistics and extract various theoretical and historical values subject to historiographical and meta-historiographical reflection. To that end, combining corpora that facilitate analysis using digital tools is necessary. This article explains the steps that have been followed to create a corpus based on more than 3,000 abstracts gathered in the Bibliografía Temática de Historiografía Lingüística Española: fuentes secundarias [BiTe]. In doing so, researchers have access to a set of data which can be analysed in order to continue advancing in the history of Hispanic linguistics, thus offering a working methodology that can be exported to other traditions and currents in the field of linguistics.
“Merciful Substitution”: A Comparative-Theological Appraisal of George Hunsinger’s Philippians from an Evangelical Reformed Perspective
Authors: Tseng Shao Kai
Published: July 2023

This article consists of a comparative-theological appraisal of George Hunsinger’s Philippians in the Brazos Theological Commentary series. My aim is to bring the author’s constructive proposal of the doctrine of “merciful substitution” into dialogue with the evangelical notion of penal substitution. I will show that Hunsinger is largely in agreement with at least the wing of evangelicalism represented by followers of Geerhardus Vos like Richard Gaffin and G. K. Beale. I will present the case of John Owen and resort to the Canons of Dort to show that in this strain of evangelical theology, penal substitution describes only one aspect of the exchange of righteousness and guilt through participation. What evangelicals can learn from Hunsinger’s commentary, I will argue, is his relentless effort to formulate the doctrine of substitutionary atonement within an explicitly Nicene-Chalcedonian framework.
A synopsis of Meriania (Melastomataceae: Merianieae) in Peru
Authors: FERNANDEZ-HILARIO ROBIN , GOLDENBERG RENATO , MICHELANGELI FABIÁN A.
Published: July 2023

A synopsis of the genus Meriania in Peru is presented here, where 36 species are recognized, 25 of which are endemic. This synopsis includes a key to the genera in the tribe Merianieae, a key to the recognized Meriania species for Peru, illustrations, comments on affinities, distribution and phenology, and nomenclatural notes. Peru is now the country with the second highest diversity of the genus. The departments in Peru with the highest number of species are Amazonas (18 species), Cajamarca (11 species) and San Martín (9 species), and 24 species are located within Amatope-Huancabamba Zone in northern Peru. Meriania in Peru is characterized by being trees and shrubs, lacking malpighiaceous trichomes, inflorescences panicles or rarely dichasia, or solitary, (4–)5–6-merous flowers, usually large, with lobed, subcalyptrate or calyptrate calyces with regular, irregular or circumscissile dehiscence, spreading to campanulate corollas, stamen connectives with dorsal and dorso-basal appendages, anthers usually with a dorsally inclined pore, and capsular fruits. We propose one new combination, Meriania sessilifolia (Cogn.) Rob.Fern., R.Goldenb. & Michelang. Lectotypes for Axinaea purpurea, Centronia sessilifolia. Graffenrieda acida, Meriania prunifolia, M. raimondii, M. rigida, M. rugosa, M. spruceana and Pachymeria rigida are also designated.
Proceedings of the 15th International Symposium on Aquatic Oligochaeta (Table of Contents)
Authors: MARTIN PATRICK , PINDER ADRIAN , WETZEL MARK J.
Published: July 2023

Table of Contents
Oligochaeta (Annelida) from some temporary water bodies of Eastern Estonian forests
Authors: TIMM TARMO , VAIKRE MAARJA
Published: July 2023

Oligochaeta of forest vernal pools and small draining ditches were sampled together with other aquatic macroinvertebrates yearly in spring 2013–2018 at six sites in the eastern part of Tartu County, Estonia. In 298 samples, a limited number of oligochaete taxa (23) was found. The most common species were Lumbriculus variegatus (2/3 of all individuals sampled), Cognettia glandulosa, Tubifex tubifex and Aulodrilus limnobius, all able to reproduce rapidly in asexual way, either by architomy or parthenogenesis. The phytophilous Naididae were rare or lacking, as were most of the other Tubificidae, common in permanent water bodies, and the majority of the soil-inhabiting Enchytraeidae and Lumbricidae. Some in general rheophilous Lumbriculidae (Rhynchelmis tetratheca, Stylodrilus heringianus, S. brachystylus) apparently live permanently in the humid soil under several temporary pools. Vernal temporary waters seem to be a specific habitat for the naidid Bratislavia palmeni. The oligochaete fauna was almost similar in the natural pools of drained and undrained forests, slightly more diverse in draining ditches, and the poorest in recently dug mitigation pools.
A database of aquatic Oligochaeta (Annelida, Clitellata) with updated order names
Authors: TIMM TARMO
Published: July 2023

An electronic database, “World Distribution of Aquatic Oligochaeta”, is recently completed and available on the Internet. This database contains all available published cases of finding microdrile oligochaetes (about 130,000 records of separate species) together with their literature sources, geographical coordinates, and distribution maps. A currently updated systematic list of taxa, with synonyms, is also presented. Classification follows the order level of Schmelz et al. (2021).
Optimizing the Biogeochemical Argo Float Distribution
Authors: Chamberlain Paul , Talley Lynne D. , Cornuelle Bruce , Mazloff Matthew , Gille Sarah T.
Published: July 2023

The core Argo array has operated with the design goal of uniform spatial distribution of 3° in latitude and longitude. Recent studies have acknowledged that spatial and temporal scales of variability in some parts of the ocean are not resolved by 3° sampling and have recommended increased core Argo density in the equatorial region, boundary currents, and marginal seas with an integrated vision of other Argo variants. Biogeochemical (BGC) Argo floats currently observe the ocean from a collection of pilot arrays, but recently funded proposals will transition these pilot arrays to a global array. The current BGC Argo implementation plan recommends uniform spatial distribution of BGC Argo floats. For the first time, we estimate the effectiveness of the existing BGC Argo array to resolve the anomaly from the mean using a subset of modeled, full-depth BGC fields. We also study the effectiveness of uniformly distributed BGC Argo arrays with varying float densities at observing the ocean. Then, using previous Argo trajectories, we estimate the Argo array’s future distribution and quantify how well it observes the ocean. Finally, using a novel technique for sequentially identifying the best deployment locations, we suggest the optimal array distribution for BGC Argo floats to minimize objective mapping uncertainty in a subset of BGC fields and to best constrain BGC temporal variability.
Exploring the usability of a smartphone application to monitor fatigue and activity for people with acquired brain injury
Authors: Ezekiel Leisle , Veiga Jose Juan Dominguez , Ward Tomas , Dawes Helen , Collett Johnny
Published: July 2023

Background:

Fatigue after acquired brain injury (ABI) leads to detrimental changes in ABI survivors’ daily activities and participation. There is a need to capture individual’s experience of fatigue as it happens, to better support self-management of fatigue.

Study aims:

To investigate the usability of a real-time tracker of fatigue and activity (using ecological momentary assessment delivered by a smartphone application) and the feasibility of capturing activity and environmental factors using phone sensors.

Methods:

Participants wore an activity monitor and completed up to eight surveys a day on a smartphone app, for 6 days, completed the system usability scale (SUS) and were interviewed on their views of using the app. Interview transcripts were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Agreement between data from the phone’s sensors and the activity monitor was analysed using Kappa statistics.

Results:

Seven participants completed between 11 and 58 surveys. Mean score on the SUS indicated good perceived usability of the app. Phone sensors did not reliably capture physical activity or background noise. Participants found the app easy to use and perceived self-monitoring to help their understanding of fatigue. A fatigue-tracking app may be acceptable to ABI survivors and has potential to aid self-management of fatigue.
Introducing a new system performance function to formulate reliability analysis problems of wind turbines
Authors: Artin Sorena
Published: July 2023

Consideration of safety is one of the current requirements to design a new system that is often implemented by defining the system failure probability. Renewable energy systems (RESs) do have the same requirements when it comes to safety and reliability. When designing a wind turbine, as a RES, its reliability is of the highest importance. So, efficient reliability models are required to ensure the turbine is working safely to generate electricity. A new model is introduced in this paper by taking into account the wind speed and the wind angle as two effective factors. These two random variables are reported to follow the Gaussian and Weibull probability distributions, and so are employed to define a limit-state function for the turbines. This limit-state function, which is also called system performance function, will then be used to find out the system failure probability.
Fostering Change: Black Women's Motivations for Participating in Intimate Partner Violence Research
Authors: Duhaney Patrina
Published: July 2023

This qualitative study was informed by critical race feminism and sought to examine Canadian Black women's motivations for participating in the research study that explored their experiences with the police in the context of intimate partner violence (IPV), and the key factors that complicated their decisions. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 25 self-identified women over the age of 18. Findings indicated that Black women's experiences of anti-Black racism and various forms of systemic barriers influenced their decisions to disclose their experiences of IPV. Key themes included the invisibility of Black women's narratives, fostering political change, and the impact of racialized and gendered insider positionality. Given these findings, positioning Black women's narratives at the centre of IPV research creates opportunities for Black women to share their experiences of IPV, recognizes them as experts of their own experiences, identifies their differential experiences accessing services and supports and the barriers that impact their participation in research studies. The study provides strategies on how to increase Black women's participation and engagement in IPV research.
Transverse myelitis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE-TM): A review article
Authors: Jain Sahil , Khormi Abdulrahman , Sangle Shirish R , D’Cruz David P
Published: July 2023

Systemic lupus erythematosus-related transverse myelitis (SLE-TM) is a rare but serious complication of SLE, which may result in significant morbidity. Its incidence is estimated between 0.5% and 1% of all SLE patients but may be the presenting feature in 30%–60% of these patients. Unfortunately, due to lack of high-quality studies, data regarding this condition remains limited. Its pathogenesis remains largely unknown and clinical presentation is variable. There are still no set guidelines regarding diagnosis, management, or monitoring and the role of autoantibodies remains controversial. In this review, we aim to summarize the available data regarding the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, management, and prognosis of this rare disease.
Correlates of community resilience to violent conflict in north central Nigeria: Evidence from Benue and Plateau states
Authors: Ojewale Oluwole
Published: July 2023

This study analyses the determinants of community resilience to violent conflict in north central Nigeria. It adopts mixed research methodology through multistage sampling technique. This involved the purposive selection of Benue and Plateau states. The study is anchored on social capital as a valuable theoretical framework to understand community resilience. It raises a pertinent research question. What are the factors influencing community resilience to violent conflict in Nigeria’s north central? Primary data were obtained through household data collection in Jos, Barkin Ladi, Makurdi, and Gbajimba where respondents were chosen for questionnaire administration. Through multiple regression, the study identified social solidarity, group identity, collective efficacy, number of household member(s) in active employment, and trust as determinants of community resilience to violent conflict. These findings yield insight for theories, policies, and practices. The study concludes that it is important to account for social solidarity, collective efficacy, and trust in strengthening community resilience.
Physical activity measurements in individuals with interstitial lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Iwakura Masahiro , Kawagoshi Atsuyoshi , Tamaki Akira , Oki Yutaro , Oshima Yohei , Spruit Martijn A
Published: July 2023

Background

Physical activity (PA) measurements are becoming common in interstitial lung disease (ILD); however, standardisation has not been achieved. We aimed to systematically review PA measurement methods, present PA levels and provide practical recommendations on PA measurement in ILD.

Methods

We searched four databases up to November 2022 for studies assessing PA in ILD. We collected information about the studies and participants, the methods used to measure PA, and the PA metrics. Studies were scored using 12 items regarding PA measurements to evaluate the reporting quality of activity monitor use.

Results

In 40 of the included studies, PA was measured using various devices or questionnaires with numerous metrics. Of the 33 studies that utilised activity monitors, a median of five out of 12 items were not reported, with the definition of nonwear time being the most frequently omitted. The meta-analyses showed that the pooled means (95% CI) of steps, time spent in moderate to vigorous PA, total energy expenditure and sedentary time were 5215 (4640–5791) steps·day−1, 82 (58–106) min·day−1, 2130 (1847–2412) kcal·day−1and 605 (323–887) min·day−1, respectively, with considerable heterogeneity.

Conclusion

The use of activity monitors and questionnaires in ILD lacks consistency. Improvement is required in the reporting quality of PA measurement methods using activity monitors.
SARS-CoV-2 post-acute sequelae in previously hospitalised patients: systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kelly J. Daniel , Curteis Tristan , Rawal Aaditya , Murton Molly , Clark Laura J. , Jafry Zarena , Shah-Gupta Rikisha , Berry Mark , Espinueva Aprille , Chen Linda , Abdelghany Mazin , Sweeney Daniel A. , Quint Jennifer K.
Published: July 2023

Background

Many individuals hospitalised with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection experience post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), sometimes referred to as “long COVID”. Our objective was to conduct a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to identify PASC-associated symptoms in previously hospitalised patients and determine the frequency and temporal nature of PASC.

Methods

Searches of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library (2019–2021), World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and reference lists were performed from November to December 2021. Articles were assessed by two reviewers against eligibility criteria and a risk of bias tool. Symptom data were synthesised by random effects meta-analyses.

Results

Of 6942 records, 52 studies with at least 100 patients were analysed; ∼70% were Europe-based studies. Most data were from the first wave of the pandemic. PASC symptoms were analysed from 28 days after hospital discharge. At 1–4 months post-acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, the most frequent individual symptoms were fatigue (29.3% (95% CI 20.1–40.6%)) and dyspnoea (19.6% (95% CI 12.8–28.7%)). Many patients experienced at least one symptom at 4–8 months (73.1% (95% CI 44.2–90.3%)) and 8–12 months (75.0% (95% CI 56.4–87.4%)).

Conclusions

A wide spectrum of persistent PASC-associated symptoms were reported over the 1-year follow-up period in a significant proportion of participants. Further research is needed to better define PASC duration and determine whether factors such as disease severity, vaccination and treatments have an impact on PASC.
Triage policy to postpone endoscopy for patients with low-risk varices is safe during the lockdown period of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Chen Yu-Jen , Hou Ming-Chih , Yang Tsung-Chieh , Lee Pei-Chang , Huang Yi-Hsiang , Lee Fa-Yauh
Published: July 2023

Background & aims

During the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the endoscopic services were electively postponed or suspended. We aimed to assess the safety of a triage policy in patients receiving esophageal variceal ligation during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Triage policy of endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) was implemented in our hospital during the lockdown period from 15th May 2021 to 26th July 2021. One experienced gastroenterologist reviewed the prior-scheduled list of patients for the EVL prophylaxisprogram. We compared the clinical characteristics and outcomes with those receiving endoscopy due to esophageal varices from 17th May 2020 to 28th July 2020.

Results

Of the 124 patients receiving EVL, a higher percentage of esophageal variceal bleeding (EVB) was noted (9/32, 28.1% vs. 8/92, 8.7%, p = 0.006) during the lockdown period, with a higher percentage of EVB in the referrals (7/9, 77.8% vs. 2/14, 14.2%, p = 0.007). Among patients who received prophylactic EVL, 6 of 78 (7.7%) experienced EVB during the normal period, which is no different to 2 of 23 (8.7%) during the lockdown period. Twenty-three patients whose endoscopies were postponed by triage policy due to low-risk or eradicated varices did not experience EVB during the lockdown period. Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) class C was predictive of EVB (relative risk 8.400, P = 0.033), entering the program of prophylactic EVL was the protective factor of EVB (relative risk 0.016, P = 0.002).

Conclusion

Entrance into the prophylaxis program does not only decreases risk of EVB but also fosters comprehensive triage to postpone endoscopy during the lockdown period.
Implementing online group model building to unravel complex geriatric problems, a methodological description
Authors: Smeekes Oscar S , Willems Hanna C , Blomberg Ilse , Rouwette Etiënne A J A , Buurman Bianca M
Published: July 2023

Background

Group model building (GMB), is a qualitative focus group like study design from the field of system dynamics, that leads a group of topic experts (often key stakeholders of a problem), through a set of scripted activities to create a conceptual model of their shared view on this problems’ key contributing factors and their interactions. By offering a specific step wise approach to the complexity of a problem, GMB has provided better understanding and overview of complex problems across different scientific domains, in addition to traditional research methods. As the development of geriatric syndromes and organization of geriatric care are often complex issues that are difficult to research, understand and resolve, GMB might be a useful methodology to better address these issues. This study aimed to describe the methodology of online GMB using a geriatric case study.

Methods

Four online GMB sessions were designed by two clinician researchers. A GMB methodology expert was consulted for optimal design. Scriptapedia scripts formed the core of the sessions. These scripts were adapted to the online format. Experts were recruited purposefully and included seven local health care professionals, one patient representative and one healthcare insurance data analyst. The outcome was a conceptual model of older adults’ emergency department visits, which was discussed in a separate article.

Results

During implementation of these four sessions, the sessions were adjusted and two extra (non-scripted) sessions were added because defining unambiguous contributing factors to the geriatric case was challenging for the experts. Paraphrasing, categorizing, iterative plenary reflection, and reserving extra time were used to help experts overcome this challenge. All sessions were held in April and May 2021.

Conclusion

This study shows that GMB can help unravel complex problems in geriatrics, both pathophysiological as organizational, by creating step wise overview of their key contributing factors and interactions. Furthermore, it shows that GMB can be used by clinicians, researchers and health policy makers to better understand complex geriatric problems. Moreover, this paper can help to overcome specific implementational challenges in the geriatric field.
New asymptomatic thrombosis caused by carotid web during the acute period of cerebral infarction
Authors: Wang Yan , Li Hai-Lei , Xu Xiao-Hua , Ye Jin-Hao , Li Jian
Published: July 2023

Background

At present, the carotid web (CaW) as an important cause of cryptogenic ischemic stroke has gradually received clinical attention. CaW is associated with a high risk of stroke and patient is more likely to have recurrent stroke if the CaW is untreated. We report a patient who developed CaW related thrombosis during the acute period of cerebral infarction.

Case presentation

A 49-year-old male patient with CaW in the left internal carotid artery was diagnosed by computed tomography angiography (CTA) and had two cerebral infarctions in two years. Within 72 h after thrombolysis for an acute cerebral infarction, acute thrombosis was identified between the web and the posterior wall of the carotid artery on carotid ultrasound. Emergent carotid endarterectomy (CEA) was performed to remove abnormal CaW structures and thrombosis to prevent stroke. The patient recovered well and was asymptomatic at 2 months follow-up.

Conclusion

Carotid web related thromboembolism is a rare cause of stroke. Carotid ultrasound plays an important role in the diagnosis of asymptomatic thrombosis caused by carotid web. Carotid endarterectomy is effective for stroke prevention in patient with carotid web related thrombosis.
Comparison of widefield swept-source optical coherence tomographic angiography and fluorescein fundus angiography for detection of retinal neovascularization with diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Yang Yanyan , Li Fengjiao , Liu Tingting , Jiao Wanzhen , Zhao Bojun
Published: July 2023

Background

To compare vitreous angiomosaic images (VAMIs), obtained by widefield swept-source optical coherence tomographic angiography (wfSS-OCTA) and the image of fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA) in the identification of retinal neovascularization (NV) in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods

In this prospective observational study, severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) or proliferative DR (PDR) patients were included. All patients underwent FFA and wfSS-OCTA. The number of NVs identified by wfSS-OCTA VAMIs using five fixations 12 × 12 mm montage scans and the resembling FFA images were compared.

Results

Fifty-three eyes of 29 patients were enrolled. NVs were detected in 25 eyes by using FFA, including 9 NVs of the disc (NVDs) and 72 NVs elsewhere (NVEs), and in 29 eyes by OCTA, including 11 NVDs and 90 NVEs. The detection rate of NV and NVD of OCTA was comparable to that of FFA (p > 0.05), and the level of agreement was excellent (κ = 0.850, κ = 0.754). Using FFA as the gold standard, the sensitivity for detection of NV by OCTA was 100.0%, specificity was 85.7%, the positive-predictive value was 86.2%, and the negative-predictive value was 100.0%. Compared with FFA, OCTA was superior in terms of the number of NVEs identified (p = 0.024). When we excluded images of patients treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) intravitreal therapy for < 3 months, OCTA was comparable to FFA in terms of the number of NVEs discovered (p = 0.203), with excellent agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.941).

Conclusions

WfSS-OCTA is an independent non-invasive alternative to FFA for NV discovery, NVD detection, and individual NVE identification, particularly in patients with PDR who have a history of prior treatment with anti-VEGF.
The mediating effects of parenting style on the relationship between parental stress and behavioral problems in girls with precocious puberty in Korea: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kwon Ahreum , Cho Young Il , Kim Hyo Jin , Suh Junghwan , Kim Dong Hee
Published: July 2023

Background

This study aimed to examine the mediating effects of parenting style on the relationship between parental stress and behavioral problems of girls with precocious puberty.

Methods

This cross-sectional study analyzed a convenience sample of 200 mothers of girls with precocious puberty at a university hospital located in a metropolitan area. The Parental Stress measurement, Parents as Social Context Questionnaire, and Korean version Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL) 6–18 were measured via self-report questionnaires. Descriptive, t-test, Pearson correlation, and bootstrapping analyses were used to analyze the data.

Results

Negative parenting styles had a full mediating effect on the relationship between parental stress and internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems.

Conclusions

Care plans for parents of girls with precocious puberty should be designed and applied in health care settings to reduce internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems by decreasing negative parenting styles.
Characterization of different types of anxiety disorders in relation to structural integration of personality and adverse and protective childhood experiences in psychotherapy outpatients – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nowak Jonathan , Nikendei Christoph , Rollmann Ivo , Orth Maximilian , Friederich Hans-Christoph , Kindermann David
Published: July 2023

Background

Current research has emphasized the role of structural integration of personality and childhood experiences for the understanding of anxiety disorders. In this study, we examined the relationship between anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety disorder vs. panic disorder vs. phobic disorders), the level of structural integration of personality, and negative and protective childhood experiences at the beginning of outpatient psychodynamic psychotherapy treatment. Differences were characterized in comparison to patients with no anxiety disorders.

Methods

The sample included a total of 1646 outpatient psychodynamic psychotherapy treatments, of which 695 treatments included the diagnosis of at least one anxiety disorder. Levels of structural integration of personality were assessed according to the Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis (OPD-2) system. Self-reported negative and protective childhood experiences were examined by using the Questionnaire for the Assessment of Adverse and Protective Childhood Experiences (APC). Associations were tested using single factor ANOVAs.

Results

Patients with anxiety disorders showed lower levels of structural integration of personality and reported more adverse childhood experiences than patients with no anxiety disorders. Regarding the subscales of structural integration of personality, phobic disorders were associated with impaired external communication, whereas for generalized anxiety disorder, an (uncorrected) association with impaired self-regulation was found. Also, generalized anxiety disorder was associated with sexual abuse and other traumatization (accidents etc.) during childhood, while panic disorder and phobic disorders were associated with emotional neglect, abuse, and fewer protective childhood experiences.

Conclusions

Our findings emphasize the need of considering structural integration of personality and childhood experiences in order to understand and treat various types of anxiety disorders.
Predictors of resilience for people with spinal cord injury over two periods of COVID-19 social distancing restrictions: a 12-month longitudinal study using structural equation modelling
Authors: Lakhani Ali , Dema Salvatore , Hose Josh , Erdem Nazim , Wollersheim Dennis , Grindrod Andrea , Grimbeek Peter , Charlifue Susan
Published: July 2023

Background

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is disproportionately impacting the health of people with disability. Resilience has remained an important health promoting characteristic during periods of social distancing restrictions. Factors promoting resilience for people with disability under the context of the pandemic remains poorly understood. Studies have yet to investigate evidence-based factors that promote resilience over multiple periods of restrictions for people with disability.

Methods

A longitudinal study developed via a collaborative partnership between peer-support workers with lived experience of spinal cord injury (SCI) and university researchers was undertaken to fill knowledge gaps around factors promoting resilience for people with SCI during two periods of stringent social distancing restrictions within Victoria, Australia. Over 12-months, participants with SCI completed two surveys, towards the end of two lockdown periods. Evidence-based factors associated with resilience were measured. The Impact on Participation and Autonomy Questionnaire, the International SCI Quality of Life scale, and the 10-item Conor Davidson Resilience Scale, respectively measured autonomy and participation limitations, life satisfaction and psychological health, and resilience. A structural equation modelling (SEM) approach established factors directly and indirectly associated with resilience.

Results

A model with excellent fit was produced. During two extended lockdowns over the 12-month period, increased family role limitations and favourable psychological health were respectively, negatively (Lockdown 1 [n = 127]: β = -.251, p < .01, Lockdown 2: β = -.400, p < .01) and positively (Lockdown 1: β = .601, p < .01, Lockdown 2 [n = 65]: β = .430, p < .01) associated with resilience. Indirect negative associations between resilience and increased outdoor autonomy limitations (Lockdown 1: β = -.195, p < .01, Lockdown 2: β = -.255, p < .01) and social life limitations (Lockdown 1: β = -.217, p < .01, Lockdown 2: β = -.142, p < .05) existed, and these relationships were moderated by psychological health.

Conclusions

Psychological health, and participation and autonomy are determinants of resilience during periods of crisis. Health and social care providers and public health departments should prioritise programs promoting these domains, to counter the negative impact of social distancing.