bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Publisher Correction: Variations in Dysbindin-1 are associated with cognitive response to antipsychotic drug treatment
Authors: Scheggia Diego , Mastrogiacomo Rosa , Mereu Maddalena , Sannino Sara , Straub Richard E. , Armando Marco , Managò Francesca , Guadagna Simone , Piras Fabrizio , Zhang Fengyu , Kleinman Joel E. , Hyde Thomas M. , Kaalund Sanne S. , Pontillo Maria , Orso Genny , Caltagirone Carlo , Borrelli Emiliana , De Luca Maria A. , Vicari Stefano , Weinberger Daniel R. , Spalletta Gianfranco , Papaleo Francesco
Published: August 2018

In the original version of this Article, references in the Methods section incorrectly referred to references in the Supplementary References section. The relevant references (now numbered 20, 27, 42, 47, 69–80) have been removed from the Supplementary References section of the Supplementary Information file and added to the References section of the main manuscript, in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
Single crystal toroidal diamond anvils for high pressure experiments beyond 5 megabar
Authors: Jenei Zs. , O’Bannon E. F. , Weir S. T. , Cynn H. , Lipp M. J. , Evans W. J.
Published: August 2018

Static compression experiments over 4 Mbar are rare, yet critical for developing accurate fundamental physics and chemistry models, relevant to a range of topics including modeling planetary interiors. Here we show that focused ion beam crafted toroidal single-crystal diamond anvils with ~9.0 μm culets are capable of producing pressures over 5 Mbar. The toroidal surface prevents gasket outflow and provides a means to stabilize the central culet. We have reached a maximum pressure of ~6.15 Mbar using Re as in situ pressure marker, a pressure regime typically accessed only by double-stage diamond anvils and dynamic compression platforms. Optimizing single-crystal diamond anvil design is key for extending the pressure range over which studies can be performed in the diamond anvil cell.
Unique Molecular Identifiers reveal a novel sequencing artefact with implications for RNA-Seq based gene expression analysis
Authors: Sena Johnny A. , Galotto Giulia , Devitt Nico P. , Connick Melanie C. , Jacobi Jennifer L. , Umale Pooja E. , Vidali Luis , Bell Callum J.
Published: August 2018

Attaching Unique Molecular Identifiers (UMI) to RNA molecules in the first step of sequencing library preparation establishes a distinct identity for each input molecule. This makes it possible to eliminate the effects of PCR amplification bias, which is particularly important where many PCR cycles are required, for example, in single cell studies. After PCR, molecules sharing a UMI are assumed to be derived from the same input molecule. In our single cell RNA-Seq studies of Physcomitrellapatens, we discovered that reads sharing a UMI, and therefore presumed to be derived from the same mRNA molecule, frequently map to different, but closely spaced locations. This behaviour occurs in all such libraries that we have produced, and in multiple other UMI-containing RNA-Seq data sets in the public domain. This apparent paradox, that reads of identical origin map to distinct genomic coordinates may be partially explained by PCR stutter, which is often seen in low-entropy templates and those containing simple tandem repeats. In the absence of UMI this artefact is undetectable. We show that the common assumption that sequence reads having different mapping coordinates are derived from different starting molecules does not hold. Unless taken into account, this artefact is likely to result in over-estimation of certain transcript abundances, depending on the counting method employed.
Mechanistic modelling of viral spreading on empirical social network and popularity prediction
Authors: Ma Sijuan , Feng Ling , Lai Choy-Heng
Published: August 2018

Online social networks are becoming major platforms for people to exchange opinions and information. While spreading models have been used to study the dynamics of spreading on social networks, the actual spreading mechanism on social networks may be different from these previous models due to users’ limited attention and heterogeneous interests. The tractability of the spreading process in social networks allows us to develop a detailed and realistic model accounting for these factors. In addition, the empirical social networks have higher order correlations among node degrees, especially for directed networks like Twitter, that could affect the dynamics of spreading. Based on the analysis of the retweet process in the empirical Twitter network, we find both non-trivial correlations in network structures and non-standard spreading mechanisms for viral tweets. In particular, there is a strong evidence of information overload for retweeting behaviors that is not in line with the standard spreading model like the SIR (Susceptible, Infectious and Recovered) model, and can be described by a sublinear function. From these empirical findings, we introduce an intrinsic variable “attractiveness” to the message, describing the overall propensity for any node to retweet the message, and present the analytical equations to solve such an empirical process, validated through numerical simulations. The results from our model is consistent with findings from the empirical Twitter data. Our analysis also indicates a close relationship between the spreading sub-network structure and the final popularity of the information, leading to a method to predict the popularity of tweets more accurately than existing models.
Steroid Receptor Coactivator-2 Controls the Pentose Phosphate Pathway through RPIA in Human Endometrial Cancer Cells
Authors: Szwarc Maria M. , Kommagani Ramakrishna , Putluri Vasanta , Dubrulle Julien , Stossi Fabio , Mancini Michael A. , Coarfa Cristian , Lanz Rainer B. , Putluri Nagireddy , DeMayo Francesco J. , Lydon John P. , O’Malley Bert W.
Published: August 2018

Steroid receptor coactivator-2 (SRC-2) is a transcriptional coregulator that modulates the activity of many transcription factors. Levels of SRC-2 are elevated in endometrial biopsies from polycystic ovary syndrome patients, a population predisposed to endometrial cancer (EC). Increased expression of SRC-2 is also detected in neoplastic endometrium suggesting a causal link between elevated SRC-2 expression and the emergence of endometrial disorders that can lead to cancer. Here, we reveal that SRC-2 knockdown reduces EC cell proliferation and anchorage-independence. Additionally, SRC-2 is required to maintain cellular glycolytic capacity and oxidative phosphorylation, processes essential for EC cell proliferation. Importantly, SRC-2 is critical for the normal performance of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). Perturbation of the PPP due to loss of SRC-2 expression may result from the depletion of ribose-5-P isomerase (RPIA), a key enzyme of the PPP. As with SRC-2, RPIA knockdown reduces EC cell proliferation, which is accompanied by a decrease in glycolytic capacity and oxidative phosphorylation. Glucose metabolite tracking experiments confirmed that knockdown of SRC-2 and RPIA downregulates the metabolic rate of both glycolysis and the PPP, highlighting a novel regulatory cross-talk between glycolysis and the PPP modulated by SRC-2.
Profiling the Tumour Immune Microenvironment in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms with Multispectral Imaging Indicates Distinct Subpopulation Characteristics Concordant with WHO 2017 Classification
Authors: Takahashi Daigoro , Kojima Motohiro , Suzuki Toshihiro , Sugimoto Motokazu , Kobayashi Shin , Takahashi Shinichiro , Konishi Masaru , Gotohda Naoto , Ikeda Masafumi , Nakatsura Tetsuya , Ochiai Atsushi , Nagino Masato
Published: August 2018

We successfully determined the difference of immune microenvironments between pNENs and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs), and the histology-dependent variability among pNENs using multispectral fluorescent imaging system. Tumour tissue samples including 52 pNENs and 18 PDACs were investigated. The tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), their PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in the pNENs were comprehensively and quantitatively analysed and were subsequently compared with those in PDACs. A principal component analysis revealed that the tissue immune profile is related to tumour histology, with distinct groups being observed for NETs, NECs, and PDACs. While NECs and some PDACs had hot immune microenvironments with abundant TILs, NETs had a cold immune microenvironment with few TILs. Moreover, in NETs, the numbers of intraepithelial PD-1high T cells and PD-L1high Type-II macrophages were elevated according to the grade. Univariate analysis revealed that lymph node metastasis, grade, stage, PD-1high T cells, and PD-L1high Type-II macrophages were predictors for recurrence-free survival (RFS), while grade and PD-1high T cells were prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). We also showed that PD-1high T cells and PD-L1high Type-II macrophages were associated with worse outcome in pNENs. Our results support the WHO 2017 tumour classification criteria, which distinguish between G3 NETs and NECs.
Activation of hepatic stem cells compartment during hepatocarcinogenesis in a HBsAg HBV-transgenic mouse model
Authors: Anfuso Beatrice , El-Khobar Korri E. , Ie Susan I. , Avellini Claudio , Radillo Oriano , Raseni Alan , Tiribelli Claudio , Sukowati Caecilia H. C.
Published: August 2018

Chronic infection of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is one of the highest risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The accumulation of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) into hepatocytes induces inflammation and oxidative stress, impairing their replicative ability and allowing the activation of the hepatic stem cells (SC) compartment. This study aimed to understand the involvement of SC during hepatocarcinogenesis in HBsAg-related liver damage, from early injury until HCC. HBsAg-transgenic (TG) and wild type (WT) mouse were followed at several stages of the liver damage: inflammation, early hepatocytes damage, dysplasia, and HCC. Serum transaminases, liver histology, and diagnostic data were collected. The expressions of SC and cancer stem cells (CSC) markers was analyzed by RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Starting from 3 months, TG animals showed a progressive liver damage characterized by transaminases increase. The up-regulations of SCs markers Cd34 and Sca-1 started from the beginning of the inflammatory stage while progressive increase of Krt19 and Sox9 and CSCs markers Epcam and Cd133 from early hepatic injury. The expressions of Cd133, Cd34, and Afp were significantly higher in HCC compared to paired non-HCC tissue, in contrast to Epcam and Krt19. Western blot and IHC confirmed the positivity of Cd34 and Cd133 in small cells subpopulation.
Slip flow through a non-uniform channel under the influence of transverse magnetic field
Authors: Farooq Javaria , Mushtaq Muhammad , Munir Shahzad , Ramzan M. , Chung Jae Dong , Farooq Umer
Published: August 2018

This study deals with the steady laminar slip flow of an incompressible Newtonian fluid in a non-uniform permeable channel under the influence of transverse magnetic field. The reabsorption through the wall is accounted for by considering flux as a function of downstream distance. The non-linear coupled partial differential equations of motion are first transformed into a single fourth order partial differential equation and then solved analytically using Adomain decomposition method. Effects of pertinent parameters on different flow properties are discussed by plotting graphs. Results reveal that magnetic field considerably influences the behavior of flow.
Genetic insights into underground responses to Fusarium graminearum infection in wheat
Authors: Voss-Fels Kai P. , Qian Lunwen , Gabur Iulian , Obermeier Christian , Hickey Lee T. , Werner Christian R. , Kontowski Stefan , Frisch Matthias , Friedt Wolfgang , Snowdon Rod J. , Gottwald Sven
Published: August 2018

The ongoing global intensification of wheat production will likely be accompanied by a rising pressure of Fusarium diseases. While utmost attention was given to Fusarium head blight (FHB) belowground plant infections of the pathogen have largely been ignored. The current knowledge about the impact of soil borne Fusarium infection on plant performance and the underlying genetic mechanisms for resistance remain very limited. Here, we present the first large-scale investigation of Fusarium root rot (FRR) resistance using a diverse panel of 215 international wheat lines. We obtained data for a total of 21 resistance-related traits, including large-scale Real-time PCR experiments to quantify fungal spread. Association mapping and subsequent haplotype analyses discovered a number of highly conserved genomic regions associated with resistance, and revealed a significant effect of allele stacking on the stembase discoloration. Resistance alleles were accumulated in European winter wheat germplasm, implying indirect prior selection for improved FRR resistance in elite breeding programs. Our results give first insights into the genetic basis of FRR resistance in wheat and demonstrate how molecular parameters can successfully be explored in genomic prediction. Ongoing work will help to further improve our understanding of the complex interactions of genetic factors influencing FRR resistance.
Blood Pressure Control and Cardiovascular Outcomes: Real-world Implications of the 2017 ACC/AHA Hypertension Guideline
Authors: Lee Ji Hyun , Kim Sun-Hwa , Kang Si-Hyuck , Cho Jun Hwan , Cho Youngjin , Oh Il-Young , Yoon Chang-Hwan , Lee Hae-Young , Youn Tae-Jin , Chae In-Ho , Kim Cheol-Ho
Published: August 2018

The 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) hypertension guideline lowered the threshold defining hypertension and treatment target from 140/90 mmHg to 130/80 mmHg. We compared the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline and the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC8) report with regard to the current status of hypertension using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The association between blood pressure (BP) control and long-term major cardiovascular outcomes (MACEs) was analyzed using the Korea National Health Insurance Service cohort. In the cross-sectional study with 15,784 adults, the prevalence of hypertension was expected to be 49.2 ± 0.6% based on the definition suggested by the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline versus 30.4 ± 0.6% based on the JNC8 report. In a longitudinal analysis with 373,800 hypertensive adults for the median follow-up periods of 11.0 years, the adults meeting the target goal BP goal of 2017 ACC/AHA guideline were associated with 21% reduced risk of MACEs compared with adults, not meeting 2017 ACC/AHA BP goal but meeting JNC8 target goal. In conclusion, substantial increase of prevalence of hypertension is expected by the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline. This study also suggests endorsing the aggressive approach would lead to an improvement in cardiovascular care.
Pupil dilation but not microsaccade rate robustly reveals decision formation
Authors: Strauch Christoph , Greiter Lukas , Huckauf Anke
Published: August 2018

Pupil dilation, an indicator of arousal that is generally regarded as unspecific, amongst others reflects decision formation and reveals choice. Employing letter selection in a Go/NoGo task, we show that choice can robustly be predicted by the pupillary signal, even under the presence of strong interfering factors such as changes in brightness or motor execution. In addition, a larger difference in pupil dilation between target and distractor conditions for NoGo compared to Go was demonstrated, underlining the particular appropriateness of the paradigm for decision research. Incorporating microsaccades, a variable that is suggested to covary with pupil diameter, we show that decision formation can only be observed in pupil diameter. However, microsaccade rate and pupil size covaried for motor execution and both reflected choice after key press with smaller effect size for microsaccade rate. We argue that combining pupil dilation and microsaccade rate may help dissociating decision-related changes in pupil diameter from interfering factors. Considering the interlinked main neural correlates of pupil dilation and microsaccade generation, these findings point to a selective role of locus coeruleus compared to superior colliculus in decision formation.
Inhibiting Multiple Deubiquitinases to Reduce Androgen Receptor Expression in Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: de las Pozas Alicia , Reiner Teresita , De Cesare Virginia , Trost Matthias , Perez-Stable Carlos
Published: August 2018

Prostate cancer (PCa), a leading cause of cancer-related death in men, becomes resistant to androgen deprivation therapy by inducing androgen receptor (AR) activity, which is known as castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). Enzalutamide is an approved drug that inhibits AR activity and increases overall survival. However, resistance to enzalutamide develops rapidly often by increasing AR activity, suggesting that new therapies are required for CRPC. We investigated whether betulinic acid (BA), a small molecule from plants that inhibits multiple deubiquitinases (DUBs), reduces AR, and selectively kills PCa cells, can provide an adjuvant strategy for CRPC. Our data indicated that BA reduced AR protein stability and mRNA expression, making it an attractive agent for CRPC. BA decreased AR mRNA possibly by inhibiting a histone 2A DUB thereby increasing ubiquitinated histone 2A, a transcriptional repressor. We identified multiple and specific DUBs inhibited by BA either in PCa cells or using recombinant DUBs. Similar results were obtained using another multi-DUB inhibitor WP1130, suggesting that these DUB inhibitors can decrease AR expression and increase PCa-specific death. Our results also suggest that combining multi-DUB inhibitors BA or WP1130 with enzalutamide may provide a novel strategy for CRPC by further decreasing AR expression and increasing apoptotic cell death.
Molecular Changes of Lung Malignancy in HIV Infection
Authors: Zheng Jianghua , Wang Lin , Cheng Zenghui , Pei Zenglin , Zhang Zhiyong , Li Zehuan , Zhang Xuan , Yan Dong , Xia Qianlin , Feng Yanling , Song Yanzheng , Chen Weiping , Zhang Xiaoyan , Xu Jianqing , Wang Jin
Published: August 2018

Malignancy of the lung is a major source of morbidity and mortality in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection; as the most prevalent non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining malignancy, it represents an important and growing problem confronting HIV-infected patients. To evaluate the molecular changes of lung malignancy in HIV infection, we analyzed differential gene expression profiles and screened for early detection biomarkers of HIV-associated lung cancer using Affymetrix arrays and IPA analysis. A total of 59 patients were diagnosed with HIV-associated lung cancer from Jan 2010 to May 2018. The primary outcome was a significant difference in survival outcome between stages III-IV (10.46 ± 1.87 months) and I-II (17.66 ± 2.88 months). We identified 758 differentially expressed genes in HIV-associated lung cancer. The expression levels of SIX1 and TFAP2A are specifically increased in HIV-associated lung cancer and are associated with poorly differentiated tumor tissue. We also found decreased ADH1B, INMT and SYNPO2 mRNA levels in HIV lung cancer. A comprehensive network and pathway analysis of the dysregulated genes revealed that these genes were associated with four network functions and six canonical pathways relevant to the development of HIV-associated lung cancer. The molecular changes in lung malignancy may help screen the growing population of HIV patients who have or will develop this malignancy.
Minipuberty and Sexual Dimorphism in the Infant Human Thymus
Authors: Moreira-Filho Carlos Alberto , Bando Silvia Yumi , Bertonha Fernanda Bernardi , Ferreira Leandro Rodrigues , Vinhas Christiana de Freitas , Oliveira Lucila Habib Bourguignon , Zerbini Maria Claudia Nogueira , Furlanetto Glaucio , Chaccur Paulo , Carneiro-Sampaio Magda
Published: August 2018

AIRE expression in thymus is downregulated by estrogen after puberty, what probably renders women more susceptible to autoimmune disorders. Here we investigated the effects of minipuberty on male and female infant human thymic tissue in order to verify if this initial transient increase in sex hormones - along the first six months of life - could affect thymic transcriptional network regulation and AIRE expression. Gene co-expression network analysis for differentially expressed genes and miRNA-target analysis revealed sex differences in thymic tissue during minipuberty, but such differences were not detected in the thymic tissue of infants aged 7–18 months, i.e. the non-puberty group. AIRE expression was essentially the same in both sexes in minipuberty and in non-puberty groups, as assessed by genomic and immunohistochemical assays. However, AIRE-interactors networks showed several differences in all groups regarding gene-gene expression correlation. Therefore, minipuberty and genomic mechanisms interact in shaping thymic sexual dimorphism along the first six months of life.
Chirality and structure-selective MALDI using mold matrix
Authors: Fujii Yosuke , Xu Jiawei , Fujino Tatsuya
Published: August 2018

A matrix that enabled chirality and structure-selective detection in matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) has been developed. Molds of L- or D- alanine were made on a thermoreversible polymer (polyvinyl methyl ether) with 2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone, and this was used as a matrix. Separate detection of one optical isomer of alanine was realized in MALDI MS. This technique was also applied to the detection of trisaccharides having the same molecular weight but different structures. Separate detection of raffinose and maltotriose in MALDI MS were presented.
Conformational signatures in β-arrestin2 reveal natural biased agonism at a G-protein-coupled receptor
Authors: Reyes-Alcaraz Arfaxad , Lee Yoo-Na , Yun Seongsik , Hwang Jong-Ik , Seong Jae Young
Published: August 2018

Discovery of biased ligands and receptor mutants allows characterization of G-protein- and β-arrestin-mediated signaling mechanisms of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). However, the structural mechanisms underlying biased agonism remain unclear for many GPCRs. We show that while Galanin induces the activation of the galanin receptor 2 (Galr2) that leads to a robust stimulation toward Gαq-protein and β-arrestin1/2, an alternative ligand Spexin and its analog have biased agonism toward G-protein signaling relative to Galanin. We used intramolecular fluorescein arsenical hairpin bioluminescence resonance energy transfer-based biosensors of β-arrestin2 combined with NanoBit technology to measure β-arrestin2–Galr2 interactions in real-time living systems. We found that Spexin and Galanin induce specific active conformations of Galr2, which may lead to different internalization rates of the receptor as well as different signaling outputs. This work represents an additional pharmacological evidence of endogenous G-protein-biased agonism at a GPCR.
Multiplexed deactivated CRISPR-Cas9 gene expression perturbations deter bacterial adaptation by inducing negative epistasis
Authors: Otoupal Peter B. , Cordell William T. , Bachu Vismaya , Sitton Madeleine J. , Chatterjee Anushree
Published: August 2018

The ever-increasing threat of multi-drug resistant bacteria, a shrinking antibiotic pipeline, and the innate ability of microorganisms to adapt necessitates long-term strategies to slow the evolution of antibiotic resistance. Here we develop an approach, dubbed Controlled Hindrance of Adaptation of OrganismS or CHAOS, involving induction of epistasis between gene perturbations to deter adaption. We construct a combinatorial library of multiplexed, deactivated CRISPR-Cas9 devices to systematically perturb gene expression in Escherichia coli. While individual perturbations improved fitness during antibiotic exposure, multiplexed perturbations caused large fitness loss in a significant epistatic fashion. Strains exhibiting epistasis adapted significantly more slowly over three to fourteen days, and loss in adaptive potential was shown to be sustainable. Finally, we show that multiplexed peptide nucleic acids increase the antibiotic susceptibility of clinically isolated Carbapenem-resistant E. coli in an epistatic fashion. Together, these results suggest a new therapeutic strategy for restricting the evolution of antibiotic resistance.
Profiling the short-lived cationic species generated during catalytic dehydration of short-chain alcohols
Authors: Wang Fangjun , Liu Zheyi , Weng Guofeng
Published: August 2018

Short-chain alcohols are important products of biomass conversion and can be further converted into platform chemicals via catalytic dehydration. Although cationic species are believed to be intermediates in the alcohol-to-hydrocarbon processes, directly observing them is still a challenge due to the lack of efficient tools to deal with their instability and short lifetimes. Here we integrate a micro catalytic reactor onto the ion inlet of an Orbitrap mass spectrometer for high-speed, high-sensitivity, and high-throughput detection of the short-lived cationic species generated during dehydration of short-chain alcohols over heterogeneous catalysts. Hundreds of cationic species can be feasibly observed within the catalytic alcohol dehydration on acidic zeolites H-Beta and H-ZSM5. It is demonstrated that these cationic species may feasibly reveal the catalytic reaction activity and selectivity. This strategy has the potential to inform catalyst development and to help refine reaction conditions in the future.
Sixty-one thousand recent planktonic foraminifera from the Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Elder Leanne E. , Hsiang Allison Y. , Nelson Kaylea , Strotz Luke C. , Kahanamoku Sara S. , Hull Pincelli M.
Published: August 2018

Marine microfossils record the environmental, ecological, and evolutionary dynamics of past oceans in temporally expanded sedimentary archives. Rapid imaging approaches provide a means of exploiting the primary advantage of this archive, the vast number of fossils, for evolution and ecology. Here we provide the first large scale image and 2D and 3D shape dataset of modern planktonic foraminifera, a major microfossil group, from 34 Atlantic Ocean sediment samples. Information on more than 124,000 objects is provided, including general object classification for 4/5ths of the dataset (~ 99,000 objects). Of the ~ 99,000 classifications provided, more than 61,000 are complete or damaged planktonic foraminifera. Objects also include benthic foraminifera, ostracods, pteropods, spicules, and planktonic foraminifera test fragments, among others. This dataset is the first major microfossil output of a new high-throughput imaging method (AutoMorph) developed to extract 2D and 3D data from photographic images of fossils. Our sample preparation and imaging techniques are described in detail. The data provided here comprises the most extensive publically available archive of planktonic foraminiferal morphology and morphological variation to date.
A simple fluorescein derived colorimetric and fluorescent ‘off–on’ sensor for the detection of hypochlorite
Authors: Jin Lei , Xu Mengyi , Jiang Hua , Wang Wenling , Wang Qingming
Published: August 2018

We have demonstrated a simple ClO−selective fluorogenic chemodosimeter based on a fluorescein derivative in Tris–HCl (pH = 7.2).
On-surface synthesis of heptacene on Ag(001) from brominated and non-brominated tetrahydroheptacene precursors
Authors: Colazzo Luciano , Mohammed Mohammed S. G. , Dorel Ruth , Nita Pawel , García Fernández Carlos , Abufager Paula , Lorente Nicolás , Echavarren Antonio M. , de Oteyza Dimas G.
Published: August 2018

Achieving the Ag(001)-supported synthesis of heptacene from two related reactants reveals the effect of the presence of Br atoms on the reaction process.
Development and cellular application of visible-light-controllable HNO releasers based on caged Piloty's acid
Authors: Kawaguchi Mitsuyasu , Tani Takuma , Hombu Ryoma , Ieda Naoya , Nakagawa Hidehiko
Published: August 2018

Novel visible-light-controllable HNO releasers was developed based on a caged form of Piloty's acid, and applied for cellular systems.
A new reductive dl-mandelic acid loading approach for moisture-stable Mn4+ doped fluorides
Authors: Huang Lin , Liu Yong , Si Shuaichen , Brik Mikhail G. , Wang Chengxin , Wang Jing
Published: August 2018

Different from traditional coating procedures, a novel reducing reagent loading approach for moisture-stable Mn4+ doped fluorides is introduced.
Visible-light photocatalytic bicyclization of β-alkynyl propenones for accessing diastereoenriched syn-fluoren-9-ones
Authors: Shen Zheng-Jia , Shi Hao-Nan , Hao Wen-Juan , Tu Shu-Jiang , Jiang Bo
Published: August 2018

A novel visible-light photocatalytic bicyclization of β-alkynyl propenones with α-bromocarbonyls for highly diastereoselective synthesis of richly decorated syn-fluoren-9-ones is described.
A new concept of a transparent photocapacitor
Authors: Navarrete-Astorga E. , Solís-Cortés D. , Rodríguez-Moreno J. , Dalchiele E. A. , Schrebler R. , Martín F. , Ramos-Barrado J. R.
Published: August 2018

This work presents a new concept of a transparent solid-state photocapacitor which exhibits high transmittance compared to other reported results, and an acceptable specific capacitance.
Direct comparison between subnanometer hydration structures on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces via three-dimensional scanning force microscopy
Authors: Yang Chih-Wen , Miyazawa Keisuke , Fukuma Takeshi , Miyata Kazuki , Hwang Ing-Shouh
Published: August 2018

Hydration layers on heterogeneous substrates are characterized with subnanometer resolution using three-dimensional scanning force microscopy.
Small neutral Gd(iii) tags for distance measurements in proteins by double electron–electron resonance experiments
Authors: Mahawaththa Mithun C. , Lee Michael D. , Giannoulis Angeliki , Adams Luke A. , Feintuch Akiva , Swarbrick James D. , Graham Bim , Nitsche Christoph , Goldfarb Daniella , Otting Gottfried
Published: August 2018

Small Gd(iii) tags based on DO3A deliver narrow and readily predictable distances by double electron–electron resonance (DEER) measurements.
Superatom chemistry: promising properties of near-spherical noble metal clusters
Authors: Roduner Emil
Published: August 2018

Atomic angular moments are nearly quenched in bonded structures, but superatoms in cylindrical environments develop molecular orbital moments.
Amide activation: an emerging tool for chemoselective synthesis
Authors: Kaiser Daniel , Bauer Adriano , Lemmerer Miran , Maulide Nuno
Published: August 2018

This review focusses on the use of amide activation for chemoselective functionalisation and its application in natural product synthesis.
Fabrication of Se/C using carbohydrates as biomass starting materials: an efficient catalyst for regiospecific epoxidation of β-ionone with ultrahigh turnover numbers
Authors: Yang Yufan , Fan Xin , Cao Hongen , Chu Sainan , Zhang Xu , Xu Qing , Yu Lei
Published: August 2018

Fabrication of Se/C catalyst from glucose as the biomass starting materials was reported for the first time, affording an efficient and regiospecific epoxidation of β-ionone.
Preparation and identification of novel inhibitory angiotensin-I-converting enzyme peptides from tilapia skin gelatin hydrolysates: inhibition kinetics and molecular docking
Authors: Ling Yuan , Liping Sun , Yongliang Zhuang
Published: August 2018

Tilapia skin gelatin was hydrolyzed by successive simulated gastrointestinal digestion, and the hydrolysates were further separated by transport across a Caco-2 cell monolayer.
Internal standards in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry using kinetic energy discrimination and dynamic reaction cells
Authors: Korvela Marcus , Andersson Marit , Pettersson Jean
Published: August 2018

ICP-MS is a sensitive element analysis technique used for analyzing several different sample types.
A single-cell translocation and secretion assay (TransSeA)
Authors: Cai Wei , Chiu Yu-Jui , Ramakrishnan Valya , Tsai Yihuan , Chen Clark , Lo Yu-Hwa
Published: August 2018

Single cell TransSeA can support the studies of the cargos of single cell secretions, massively parallel translocation and genealogy and hereditary properties of single cells.
Polysulfide microspheres with chemical modification for generation of interfaces with macroscopic colour variation and biomimetic superhydrophobicity
Authors: Wang Zelinlan , Gao Xiaoyu , Wen Gang , Tian Pan , Zhong Lieshuang , Guo Zhiguang
Published: August 2018

A polysulfide (PSF) superhydrophobic coating was synthesized successfully, showing excellent superhydrophobicity, oleophobicity for diesel and macroscopic structural color variation when wetted.
Geometry variation in porous covalent triazine polymer (CTP) for CO2 adsorption
Authors: Lee Siew-Pei , Mellon N. , Shariff Azmi M. , Leveque Jean-Marc
Published: August 2018

Covalent triazine-based organic polymers (CTPs), a sub class of covalent organic polymers (COPs), are promising materials for CO2 adsorption although the impact of their dimensionality on the trapping process is not well-understood.
Synthesis of polycarbonate diols catalyzed by calcined hydrotalcites doped with the transition metal Ni2+
Authors: Zhu Lin , Xue Weilan , Zeng Zuoxiang
Published: August 2018

Calcined hydrotalcites doped with Ni2+ (HTC-Ni-T) were prepared and used as catalysts for the synthesis of polycarbonate diols (PCDLs) via transesterification between dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and 1,4-butanediol (BDO).
Flexible yolk-shelled NiCo2S4 hollow spheres/RGO film electrodes for efficient supercapacitive energy storage
Authors: Wu Yilin , Yan Ming , Sun Lin , Shi Weidong
Published: August 2018

A facile way of vacuum filtration to prepare yolk-shelled NiCo2S4 hollow spheres/RGO hybrid lamellar films for supercapacitors was developed for the first time.
Improving the density and properties of nitrogen-rich scaffolds by the introduction of a C–NO2 group
Authors: Zhao Gang , He Chunlin , Gao Haixiang , Imler Gregory H. , Parrish Damon A. , Shreeve Jean'ne M.
Published: August 2018

5,5′-(Nitromethylene)bis(1H-tetrazole) and 5,5′-(2-(nitromethyl)-2H-1,2,3-triazole-4,5-diyl)bis(1H-tetrazole) were synthesized by introducing a C–NO2 group to increase the density and detonation performance.
Ultrafine Mo-doped SnO2 nanostructure and derivative Mo-doped Sn/C nanofibers for high-performance lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Chen Yanli , Ge Dongtao , Zhang Jie , Chu Ruixia , Zheng Jian , Wu Changqing , Zeng Yibo , Zhang Ying , Guo Hang
Published: August 2018

Mo-doped SnO2 nanoparticles were prepared via a facile hydrothermal method in this work, demonstrating excellent long-cycling performance as anode material for LIBs.
Bortezomib-catechol conjugated prodrug micelles: combining bone targeting and aryl boronate-based pH-responsive drug release for cancer bone-metastasis therapy
Authors: Zhu Jianhua , Huo Qiang , Xu Ming , Yang Fen , Li Yang , Shi Huihui , Niu Yimin , Liu Yang
Published: August 2018

The treatment of metastatic tumors is highly desirable in clinics, which has also increased the interest in the design of nanoscale drug delivery systems.
A bottom-up process of self-formation of highly conductive titanium oxide (TiO) nanowires on reduced SrTiO3
Authors: Wrana Dominik , Rodenbücher Christian , Jany Benedykt R. , Kryshtal Oleksandr , Cempura Grzegorz , Kruk Adam , Indyka Paulina , Szot Krzysztof , Krok Franciszek
Published: August 2018

ELOP mechanism enables for the titanium oxide nanowires formation, for various catalytic and optoelectronic applications.
Tuning the conductance of a molecular wire by the interplay of donor and acceptor units
Authors: Skidin Dmitry , Erdmann Tim , Nikipar Seddigheh , Eisenhut Frank , Krüger Justus , Günther Florian , Gemming Sibylle , Kiriy Anton , Voit Brigitte , Ryndyk Dmitry A. , Joachim Christian , Moresco Francesca , Cuniberti Gianaurelio
Published: August 2018

Conductance of optimized donor–acceptor–donor molecular wires obtained by on-surface synthesis.
Hole gas accumulation in Si/Ge core–shell and Si/Ge/Si core–double shell nanowires
Authors: Zhang Xiaolong , Jevasuwan Wipakorn , Pradel Ken C. , Subramani Thiyagu , Takei Toshiaki , Fukata Naoki
Published: August 2018

p-Si/i-Ge core–shell and p-Si/i-Ge/p-Si core–double shell nanowires are fabricated using CVD with vapor–liquid–solid growth methods. Selective doping and sharp interfaces between the Si core and the Ge shell are achieved, which can provide a feasible design for realizing high electron (hole) mobility transistors.
Redox modulation of polydopamine surface chemistry: a facile strategy to enhance the intrinsic fluorescence of polydopamine nanoparticles for sensitive and selective detection of Fe3+
Authors: Yin Honggang , Zhang Kailian , Wang Lujun , Zhou Kai , Zeng Jing , Gao Die , Xia Zhining , Fu Qifeng
Published: August 2018

The luminescence properties of polydopamine nanoparticles were enhanced significantly via the redox modulation of polydopamine surface chemistry.
Synthesis of C/Co3O4 composite mesoporous hollow sphere sandwich graphene films for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Sun Lin , Yan Ming , Xiao Lisong , Liu Yu , Bai Hongye , Xie Li , Shi Weidong
Published: August 2018

rGO/C/Co3O4 electrodes have been successfully prepared for high performance asymmetric supercapacitors.
Facile synthesis of 1.3 nm monodispersed Ag nanoclusters in an aqueous solution and their antibacterial activities for E. coli
Authors: Jiao Chengpeng , Pei Yuantao , Wang Liqiong , Zhang Haijun , Huang Zili , Dai Yuhuan , Liang Feng , Liu Simin , Wang Yuhua , Zhang Shaowei
Published: August 2018

Ag NCs of 1.3 nm prepared by a facile one-pot strategy exhibit excellent antibacterial activities for E. coli.
Fast near infrared sintering of silver nanoparticle ink and applications for flexible hybrid circuits
Authors: Gu Weibing , Yuan Wei , Zhong Tao , Wu Xinzhou , Zhou Chunshan , Lin Jian , Cui Zheng
Published: August 2018

Near infrared (NIR) sintering technology is a photonic sintering approach for metal nanoparticles, which can selectively sinter metal nanoparticles more quickly and efficiently, it is also compatible with high-throughput manufacturing processes.
Study of oxygen tension variation within live tumor spheroids using microfluidic devices and multi-photon laser scanning microscopy
Authors: Sarkar Sreerupa , Peng Chien-Chung , Kuo Chiung Wen , Chueh Di-Yen , Wu Hsiao-Mei , Liu Yuan-Hsuan , Chen Peilin , Tung Yi-Chung
Published: August 2018

This paper reports an integrated approach combining microfluidic devices and multi-photon laser scanning microscopy (MPLSM) to study variations in oxygen tension within live spheroids of human osteosarcoma cells under various culture conditions.
Organic photovoltaics of diketopyrrolopyrrole copolymers with unsymmetric and regiorandom configuration of the side units
Authors: Aoshima Kenta , Ide Marina , Saeki Akinori
Published: August 2018

Diketopyrrolopyrroles with unsymmetric side aromatics of benzene and (thiophene or thienothiophene) were copolymerized with 2-dimensional benzodithiophene, and their solar cell devices were characterized.
Novel SrMg2La2W2O12:Mn4+ far-red phosphors with high quantum efficiency and thermal stability towards applications in indoor plant cultivation LEDs
Authors: Wang Shaoying , Sun Qi , Devakumar Balaji , Sun Liangling , Liang Jia , Huang Xiaoyong
Published: August 2018

Novel Mn4+-activated SrMg2La2W2O12 far-red emitting phosphors with an internal quantum efficiency as great as 88% and excellent thermal stability were prepared towards applications in indoor plant cultivation LEDs.
Novel SrLaAlO4:Mn4+deep-red emitting phosphors with excellent responsiveness to phytochrome PFRfor plant cultivation LEDs: synthesis, photoluminescence properties, and thermal stability
Authors: Sankarasubramanian K. , Devakumar Balaji , Annadurai G. , Sun Liangling , Zeng Yu-Jia , Huang Xiaoyong
Published: August 2018

Novel Mn4+activated SrLaAlO4deep-red emitting phosphors with excellent responsiveness to phytochrome PFRwere developed for plant cultivation LEDs.
Curvature-dependent tension and tangential flows at the interface of motility-induced phases
Authors: Patch Adam , Sussman Daniel M. , Yllanes David , Marchetti M. Cristina
Published: August 2018

Purely repulsive active particles spontaneously phase separate into dense and dilute phases. Using a local frame, we show that tangential flows directed by interfacial curvature maintain the wildly fluctuating interface through an out-of-equilibrium Marangoni effect.
Regulating the electron transporting properties of indacenodithiophene derivatives for perovskite solar cells with PCEs up to 19.51%
Authors: Zhu Linna , Gao Wei , Wu Fei , Li Lu , Yang Chuluo
Published: August 2018

ITCPTC as an ETL provides PSCs with an efficiency of 17.42% and as an interlayer offers a remarkable efficiency of 19.51%.
Dual fluorescence switching of a Rhodamine 6G-naphthalimide conjugate with high contrast in the solid state
Authors: Tan Lina , Mo Shenzhong , Fang Bing , Cheng Wenyu , Yin Meizhen
Published: August 2018

A novel Rhodamine 6G-naphthalimide molecule is used for high-contrast fluorescence change upon acid and force stimuli in the solid state.
Inside job: how the ESCRTs release HIV-1 from infected cells
Authors: Hurley James H. , Cada A. King
Published: August 2018

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) hijacks the host endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) proteins in order to release infectious viral particles from the cell. ESCRT recruitment is virtually essential for the production of infectious virus, despite that the main structural protein of HIV-1, Gag, is capable of self-assembling and eventually budding from membranes on its own. Recent data have reinforced the paradigm of ESCRT-dependent particle release while clarifying why this rapid release is so critical. The ESCRTs were originally discovered as integral players in endosome maturation and are now implicated in many important cellular processes beyond viral and endosomal budding. Nearly all of these roles have in common that membrane scission occurs from the inward face of the membrane neck, which we refer to as ‘reverse topology’ scission. A satisfactory mechanistic description of reverse-topology membrane scission by ESCRTs remains a major challenge both in general and in the context of HIV-1 release. New observations concerning the fundamental scission mechanism for ESCRTs in general, and the process of HIV-1 release specifically, have generated new insights in both directions, bringing us closer to a mechanistic understanding.
The structural basis of cystic fibrosis
Authors: Meng Xin , Clews Jack , Martin Eleanor R. , Ciuta Anca D. , Ford Robert C.
Published: August 2018

CFTR (ABCC7) is a phospho-regulated chloride channel that is found in the apical membranes of epithelial cells, is gated by ATP and the activity of the protein is crucial in the homeostasis of the extracellular liquid layer in many organs [Annu. Rev. Biochem. (2008) 77, 701–726; Science (1989) 245, 1066–1073]. Mutations in CFTR cause the inherited disease cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common inherited condition in humans of European descent [Science (1989) 245, 1066–1073; Pflugers Arch. (2007) 453, 555–567]. The structural basis of CF will be discussed in this article.
Comparison of theoretical and observed Ca II 8542 Stokes profiles in quiet regions at the centre of the solar disc
Authors: Jurčák J. , Štěpán J. , Trujillo Bueno J. , Bianda M.
Published: August 2018

Context. Interpreting the Stokes profiles observed in quiet regions of the solar chromosphere is a challenging task. The Stokes Q and U profiles are dominated by the scattering polarisation and the Hanle effect, and these processes can only be correctly quantified if 3D radiative transfer effects are taken into account. Forward-modelling of the intensity and polarisation of spectral lines using a 3D model atmosphere is a suitable approach in order to statistically compare the theoretical and observed line profiles.

Aims. Our aim is to present novel observations of the Ca II 8542 Å line profiles in a quiet region at the centre of the solar disc and to quantitatively compare them with the theoretical Stokes profiles obtained by solving the problem of the generation and transfer of polarised radiation in a 3D model atmosphere. We aim at estimating the reliability of the 3D model atmosphere, excluding its known lack of dynamics and/or insufficient density, using not only the line intensity but the full vector of Stokes parameters.

Methods. We used data obtained with the ZIMPOL instrument at the Istituto Ricerche Solari Locarno (IRSOL) and compared the observations with the theoretical profiles computed with the PORTA radiative transfer code, using as solar model atmosphere a 3D snapshot taken from a radiation-magnetohydrodynamics simulation. The synthetic profiles were degraded to match the instrument and observing conditions.

Results. The degraded theoretical profiles of the Ca II 8542 line are qualitatively similar to the observed ones. We confirm that there is a fundamental difference in the widths of all Stokes profiles: the observed lines are wider than the theoretical lines. We find that the amplitudes of the observed profiles are larger than those of the theoretical ones, which suggests that the symmetry breaking effects in the solar chromosphere are stronger than in the model atmosphere. This means that the isosurfaces of temperature, velocity, and magnetic field strength and orientation are more corrugated in the solar chromosphere than in the currently available 3D radiation-magnetohydrodynamics simulation.
Physics of a clumpy lensed galaxy at z = 1.6
Authors: Girard M. , Dessauges-Zavadsky M. , Schaerer D. , Richard J. , Nakajima K. , Cava A.
Published: August 2018

Observations have shown that massive star-forming clumps are present in the internal structure of high-redshift galaxies. One way to study these clumps in detail with a higher spatial resolution is by exploiting the power of strong gravitational lensing which stretches images on the sky. In this work, we present an analysis of the clumpy galaxy A68-HLS115 at z = 1.5858, located behind the cluster Abell 68, but strongly lensed by a cluster galaxy member. Resolved observations with SINFONI/VLT in the near-infrared (NIR) show Hα, Hβ, [NII], and [OIII] emission lines. Combined with images covering the B band to the far-infrared (FIR) and CO(2–1) observations, this makes this galaxy one of the only sources for which such multi-band observations are available and for which it is possible to study the properties of resolved star-forming clumps and to perform a detailed analysis of the integrated properties, kinematics, and metallicity. We obtain a stability of υrot/σ0 = 2.73 by modeling the kinematics, which means that the galaxy is dominated by rotation, but this ratio also indicates that the disk is marginally stable. We find a high intrinsic velocity dispersion of 80 ± 10 km s−1 that could be explained by the high gas fraction of fgas = 0.75 ± 0.15 observed in this galaxy. This high fgas and the observed sSFR of 3.12 Gyr−1 suggest that the disk turbulence and instabilities are mostly regulated by incoming gas (available gas reservoir for star formation). The direct measure of the Toomre stability criterion of Qcrit = 0.70 could also indicate the presence of a quasi-stable thick disk. Finally, we identify three clumps in the Hα map which have similar velocity dispersions, metallicities, and seem to be embedded in the rotating disk. These three clumps contribute together to ∼40% on the SFRHα of the galaxy and show a star formation rate density about ∼100 times higher than HII regions in the local Universe.