bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Virtual reality and augmented reality create fair education opportunities for refugee children in camps
Authors: M Aman Abdulrazak , Shiratuddin Norshuhada
Published: February 2021

In this article, it is reported about Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality, its impact on the technology world, and change it induced in the digital world. Virtual Reality is the next step in the evolution of technology, changing the face of technology, and whole new experience. Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality changing peopleâ€™s daily lives and serving the helpless beings on the planet. Hence, helping to improve the educational system, introducing an innovative and compulsive method of teaching, creating new opportunities for helping out the refugee children in refugee children with lesser resources and opportunities. Identifying the current problems in the educational system, virtual Reality, and augmented Reality, providing solutions for the pre-existing problems in the system. Use of VR and AR for students with fewer resources to increase their exposure to the world. Conducting Virtual Reality trips, VR education in refugee camps, and use of VR to reach out to children with no formal education. Use of VR for educational purposes for refugee children and teachers in Turkey, Germany, Syria, Jordan, and all over the globe. Future of VR and AR, its impact on the world in the coming years, providing a completely new experience and visualization of the digital world.Â Â Â
Introduction to stand alone data converters review, analysis and design orientation
Authors: Stojce Ilcev Dimov
Published: February 2021

This paper includes a basic review, analysis, and interesting insights, oriented to designers when power consumption is a critical constraint, of Stand-Alone Data Converters. These data converters are an indispensable part of the analog design technique and the only bridge to establish an adequate communication link between analog and digital devices. In fact, this article is dedicated to showing the principal types of the analog-to-digital converters (ADC) and digital-to-analog converters (DAC) families of data converters popular in modern analog design techniques. In fact, these data converters are also cost-effective devices because of the huge number of existing and newly developed solutions with their significant practical features providing more relevant applications in specific type of ADC or DAC process. The overview of data conversion, ADC and DAC data converters, communication bus to Micro Controller Units (MCU), and benefits of data conversion are described.Â Â
Determining the maximum sediment dispersion in an ocean disposal site for dredged material in Buenaventura, Colombia
Authors: Villadiego Rojas Leydis , Daza GonzÃ¡lez Ricardo , Salcedo Castilla Bladimir
Published: February 2021

This paper presents an analysis of the affected area at an ocean disposal site, in terms of sediment dispersion, as a consequence of the dis-posal of dredged material from the approach channel for BuenaventuraÂ´s Port. The analysis was carried out at three points within Buenaven-turaÂ´s Bay, one located at the authorized disposal site, a second point at a proposed future disposal site and a third point at the Bocana Sector, where the highest tidal velocities are identified. The PTM (Particle Tracking Model) mathematical model was used for this investigation, showing that due to the hydrodynamic conditions, a sediment particle can reach a longer dispersion distance from its original disposal point. Finally, sediment dispersion at the three analysis points were compared in terms of current velocity and maximum displacement.
Does Observation Create Reality?
Authors: Song Daegene
Published: February 2021

It has been suggested that the locality of information transfer in quantum entanglement indicates that reality is subjective, meaning that there is an innate inseparability between the physical system being observed and the conscious mind of the observer. This paper attempts to outline the relation between macroscopic and microscopic worlds in the measurement process in regards to whether observation creates reality. Indeed, the Maxwell's demon thought experiment suggests a correlation between a microscopic (quantum) system and a macroscopic (classical) apparatus, which leads to an energy transfer from the quantum vacuum to the physical world, similar to particle creation from a vacuum. This explanation shows that observation in quantum theory conserves, rather than creates, energy.
Zdolność do identyfikacji emocji na podstawie ekspresji mimicznych - doniesienie z badań przestępców
Authors: Knecht Jakub
Published: February 2021

Treścią raportu jest informacja na temat badań przeprowadzonych do pracy magisterskiej pod tytułem "Analiza związku psychotyczności z umiejętnością rozpoznawania emocji u osób skazanych". Zawiera psychologiczną definicję przestępcy i informacje o czynnikach biopsychicznych, których określone natężenie lub wystąpienie ma wpływ na popełnianie czynów przestępczych oraz informacje o możliwości różnicowania populacji przestępczej od nie przestępczej. W rapocie przywołano termin inteligencji emocjonalnej z wyszczególnieniem umiejętności rozpoznawania emocji traktowanej jako rodzaj zdolności poznawczej będącej wyznacznikiem inteligencji emocjonalnej. Raport stwierdza potwierdzenie hipotezy, iż istnieje różnica w poziomie inteligencji emocjonalnej skazanych i nie skazanych.
The Impact of Financial Inclusion on Poverty Reduction
Authors: Tran Huong Thi Thanh , Le Ha Thi Thu
Published: February 2021

Poverty is a global issue and a lot of attention and efforts of the international community have been made to deal with this problem. Especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, when a part of the population could fall into poverty due to rising unemployment and income deduction, identifying the factors affecting poverty becomes particularly important. Financial inclusion has been recognized as one important factor affecting poverty reduction. This research is conducted to investigate the impact of financial inclusion and other control variables on poverty reduction. The study employs Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to build a financial inclusion index. Using 2SLS and the GMM regressions for a panel data of 29 European countries during the period from 2011 to 2017, the results show that financial inclusion has a negative impact on poverty at all three poverty lines of USD1.9, 3.2, and 5.5 per day. The proportion of the population aged 15–64 and the ratio of service employment to the total number of employment also have a negative effect on all three levels of POV1.9, POV3.2, and POV5.5. In contrast, GDP per capita, trade openness and the proportion of the population aged from 25 with at least secondary school education have a positive impact on poverty at three levels of poverty. The results confirm that financial inclusion plays an important role in reducing poverty. The study provides a number of recommendations to governments to promote financial inclusion and reduce poverty in the countries.
Zwischen Rat und Tat: Reflexionen zur studienbegleitenden Vermittlung der Fremdsprache Deutsch
Authors: Serena Silvia , Barić Karmelka
Published: February 2021

Im Beitrag wird ein Überblick über die Rahmencurricula zum studienbegleitenden Deutsch- und Fremdsprachenunterricht gegeben, die in ost- und südosteuropäischen Ländern als Anwendung des Gemeinsamen europäischen Referenzrahmens für Sprachen (GeR) auf den Hochschulbereich entstanden sind. Exemplarisch werden aus einigen Rahmencurricula Beispiele von fach-, berufs- und sprachübergreifenden Deskriptoren unter die Lupe genommen und als Vorläufer des GeR-Begleitbandes ins Bewusstsein gerückt. Der studienbegleitende Deutsch- und Fremdsprachenunterricht in dem hier vertretenen Verständnis ergibt sich aus einem ganzheitlichen kompetenz- und handlungsorientierten Ansatz, der auf die Entwicklung der gesamten Persönlichkeit der Studierenden als Menschen abzielt und sie daher auf das Leben und den Beruf vorbereitet.
Biochemical and histopathological effects of low dose vanadium in the healing of acetic acid-induced colitis in male wistar rats
Authors: Omayone Tosan Peter , Olaleye Samuel Babafemi
Published: February 2021

Objectives

Vanadium has been reported to possess relevant therapeutic properties such as anti-diabetic and anti-tumoral. This study aimed at determining the effects of vanadium on experimentally induced colitis in rats.

Methods

Forty-five male Wistar rats (103 ± 3.90 g, n=15) were used for this study and were divided into three groups. Group 1 (Untreated control) had nothing added to their drinking, while groups 2 and 3 received sodium metavanadate at a dose of 50 and 200 mg/L respectively in their drinking water for 10 weeks. Colitis was thereafter induced by intra colonic administration of 1.50 mL of 6% acetic acid. Animals were sacrificed on day 0 (pre-induction), three- and seven-days post induction. Blood samples were collected for haematological variables and the distal 8 cm of the colon was collected for macroscopic, histological and biochemical (malondialdehyde-MDA, superoxide dismutase-SOD, catalase-CAT, glutathione peroxidase- GPx and nitrite concentration- NO) assessment.

Results

Low dose vanadium proved beneficial in ameliorating acetic acid-induced colitis by improving both histopathological and haematological changes. Gross observation showed a faster healing rate in vanadium treated groups (50 and 200 mg/L) compared with untreated control at day 3 (40 and 26.20 vs. 2.50%) and day 7 (80 and 66.70 vs. 42%) respectively. Vanadium also appears to exert its beneficial effects on acetic acid-induced colitis via up regulation of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx) and NO while decreasing the over production of MDA.

Conclusions

Vanadium at small concentration functions as an essential trace element and may be able to promote healing process during ulcerative colitis.
Health, Environment and Economic Interests: From Balancing to Ensuring Effective Remedies
Authors: Crea Camilla , Ettore Perriello Luca
Published: February 2021

Balancing health and the environment against economic interests – in terms of production but also employment – is a big conundrum for national, European and international courts and politics. It seems a ‘tragic choice’ to deal with. The Ilva case symbolises an environmental disaster that offers an opportunity to delve into several sensitive issues. Part I will address, firstly, the possible methods and limitations of balancing constitutional rights in the Italian legal system, drawing on the flexible and dynamic nature of the hierarchy of legal values. Secondly, it will address the role of effective judicial protection of the right to health and environment, taking into consideration access to justice and effective remedies, as the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) pointed out. Part II will focus on the role of civil liability in repairing damage where no effective prevention is feasible. While focusing on the unilateral prevention of accidents and the irrelevance of a regulatory compliance defence, the paper will contend that ‘reflected’ environmental damage should be awarded compensation through a strict rule of liability. Finally, the paper will articulate some policy remarks as to the most effective model to regulate environmental disasters.
Discourse expectations: explaining the implicit causality biases of verbs
Authors: Bott Oliver , Solstad Torgrim
Published: February 2021

This article presents a linguistic account explaining particular mechanisms underlying the generation of expectations at the discourse level. We further develop a linguistic theory – the Empty Slot Theory – explaining the phenomenon of implicit verb causality. According to our proposal, implicit causality (IC) verbs introduce lexically determined slots for causal content of specific types. If the required information is not derivable from the current or preceding context, IC verbs generate the expectation that these slots will be filled in the upcoming discourse. The cognitive mechanism underlying the bias is grounded in the general processing strategy of avoiding accommodation. Empirical evidence for the proposed theory is provided in three continuation experiments in German with comprehensive semantic annotation of the continuations provided by the participants. The reported experiments consistently show that IC bias can be manipulated in systematic ways. Experiment 1 demonstrates important ontological constraints on causal content crucial for our theory. Experiments 2 and 3 show how IC biases can be manipulated in predictable ways by filling the hypothesized slots in the prompt. Experiment 2 illustrates that stimulus-experiencer (experiencer-object) verbs in contrast to causative agent-patient verbs can be manipulated with respect to coherence and coreference by employing adverbial modification. Filling the lexically determined slot of psychological verbs resulted in predictable changes in coherence relations and types of explanations, resulting in the predicted effects on coreference. Experiment 3 extends the empirical investigations to so-called “agent-evocator” verbs. Again, filling the semantic slot as part of the prompt resulted in predictable shifts in coherence relations and explanation types with transparent effects on coreference. The reported experiments shed further light on the close correspondence between coherence and coreference as a hallmark of natural language discourse.
The ambiguous role of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) in human immunity
Authors: Kalia Namarta , Singh Jatinder , Kaur Manpreet
Published: February 2021

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and lectin complement pathway have become targets of increasing clinical interest. Many aspects of MBL have been recently explored, including the structural properties that allow it to distinguish self from non-self/altered-self structures. Experimental evidences have declared the additional 5′- and 3′-variants that in amalgamation with well-known secretor polymorphisms change MBL function and concentration. Moreover, the current review highlights the differential behavior of MBL on exposure with extra/intracellular pathogens and in autoimmune diseases, stressing the fact that “high MBL levels can increase diseases susceptibility,” a paradox that needs justification. Attributable to these discrepancies, no absolute level of MBL deficiency could be defined so far and thus must be interpreted for specific diseases through case–control population-specific designs. Overall, it is evident that further research is needed about MBL and the lectin pathway of complement. Particularly, the transformative role of MBL over evolution is of interest and its role with regard to pathogenesis of different diseases and potential therapeutic targets within the respective pathways should be further explored. Apart from this, it is necessary to adopt an extensive locus-wide methodology to apprehend the clinical significance ofMBL2polymorphisms in a variety of infectious diseases by the future studies.
A new generalized Lindley-Weibull class of distributions: Theory, properties and applications
Authors: Makubate Boikanyo , Moakofi Thatayaone , Oluyede Broderick
Published: February 2021

We propose a new generalized class of distributions called Lindley-Weibull Power Series (LWPS) distributions and their special case called Lindley-Weibull logarithmic (LWL) distributions. Structural properties of the LWPS class of distributions and its sub-model LWL distribution including moments, order statistics, Rényi entropy, mean and median deviations, Bonferroni and Lorenz curves, and maximum likelihood estimates are derived. A simulation study to examine the bias and mean square error of the maximum likelihood estimators for each parameter is presented. Finally, real data examples are presented to illustrate the applicability and usefulness of the proposed class of distributions.
Crystal structure of ethyl-2-(3-benzoylthioureido)propanoate, C13H16N2O3S
Authors: Chong Yan Yi , Mark-Lee Wun Fui , Mohamed Tahir Mohamed Ibrahim , Kassim Mohammad B.
Published: February 2021

C13H16N2O3S, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\bar{1}$

(no. 2), a = 8.1998(4) Å, b = 9.1320(4) Å, c = 10.7062(6) Å, α = 106.183(5)°, β = 111.506(5)°, γ = 97.589(4)°, V = 691.27(7) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0346, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0957, T = 293(2) K.
Rice straw paper sheets reinforced with bleached or unbleached nanofibers
Authors: Hassan Mohammad L. , Abou-Elseoud Wafaa S. , Abdel Kader Amal H. , Hassan Enas A.
Published: February 2021

Cellulose nanofibers isolated from unbleached pulp are characterized by different surface properties due to presence of lignin at their surface, in addition to lower cost than isolated from bleached pulp. In the current work, the effect of cellulose nanofibers isolated from unbleached neutral sulfite and bleached soda rice straw pulps (so called UBCNF and BCNF) on improving paper sheet properties of unbleached and bleached rice straw pulp (so called UBP and BP) was studied. The effect on mechanical properties (tensile strength, burst strength, and tearing resistance) and physical properties (porosity and water vapor permeability) was studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assist in explaining the obtained results. The result showed that using BCNF and BP resulted in better improvement in mechanical properties and also more effective in reducing porosity of paper sheets than in case of using UBCNF and UBP. These results indicated stronger bonding between nanofibers and pulps’ fibers in case of using BCNF and BP (surfaces rich in cellulose hydroxyl groups) than in case of UBCNF and UBP (surfaces rich in lignin). Water vapor permeability of paper sheets made from unbleached or bleached pulps did not significantly affect by the addition the nanofibers.
The role of MFC and hydrophobically modified ethyl(hydroxyethyl)cellulose in film formation and the barrier properties of methyl nanocellulose film
Authors: Lyytikäinen Johanna , Ovaska Sami-Seppo , Heiskanen Isto , Backfolk Kaj
Published: February 2021

There is currently a great demand for sustainable and bio-derived coatings for fiber-based packaging materials, which are technically implementable with a high performance. The aim of this work was to investigate the grease resistance of coatings prepared from methyl nanocellulose when applied on paperboard. Co-additives selected from native microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) and hydrophobically modified ethyl(hydroxyethyl)cellulose (EHEC) were used in order to determine their impact on film formation and crack resistance for folds. Small and moderate coat weights were applied in order to determine the critical coat weight for the barrier properties. It was found that high grease resistance can be achieved with methyl nanocellulose and a combination of methyl nanocellulose and MFC coatings. Contact angle determinations for water on uncoated and coated materials showed that EHEC-MFC films have a very high contact angle which is due to both the surface chemistry and roughness. This indicates and confirms that EHEC may facilitate the wetting of oil and greases. Methyl nanocellulose mixed with hydrophobically modified EHEC significantly changed the barrier properties indicating a change in the film formation.
HDAC3 Activity within the Nucleus Accumbens Regulates Cocaine-Induced Plasticity and Behavior in a Cell-Type-Specific Manner
Authors: Campbell R. R. , Kramár E. A. , Pham L. , Beardwood J. H. , Augustynski A. S. , López A. J. , Chitnis O. S. , Delima G. , Banihani J. , Matheos D. P. , Wood M. A.
Published: February 2021

Epigenetic mechanisms regulate processes of neuroplasticity critical to cocaine-induced behaviors. This includes the Class I histone deacetylase (HDAC) HDAC3, known to act as a negative regulator of cocaine-associated memory formation within the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Despite this, it remains unknown how cocaine alters HDAC3-dependent mechanisms. Here, we profiled HDAC3 expression and activity in total NAc mouse tissue following cocaine exposure. Although chronic cocaine did not affect expression ofHdac3within the NAc, chronic cocaine did affect promoter-specific changes in HDAC3 and H4K8Ac occupancy. These changes in promoter occupancy correlated with cocaine-induced changes in expression of plasticity-related genes. To causally determine whether cocaine-induced plasticity is mediated by HDAC3's deacetylase activity, we overexpressed a deacetylase-dead HDAC3 point mutant (HDAC3-Y298H-v5) within the NAc of adult male mice. We found that disrupting HDAC3's enzymatic activity altered selective changes in gene expression and synaptic plasticity following cocaine exposure, despite having no effects on cocaine-induced behaviors. In further assessing HDAC3's role within the NAc, we observed that chronic cocaine increasesHdac3expression inDrd1but notDrd2-cells of the NAc. Moreover, we discovered that HDAC3 acts selectively within D1R cell-types to regulate cocaine-associated memory formation and cocaine-seeking. Overall, these results suggest that cocaine induces cell-type-specific changes in epigenetic mechanisms to promote plasticity important for driving cocaine-related behaviors.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDrugs of abuse alter molecular mechanisms throughout the reward circuitry that can lead to persistent drug-associated behaviors. Epigenetic regulators are critical drivers of drug-induced changes in gene expression. Here, we demonstrate that the activity of an epigenetic enzyme promotes neuroplasticity within the nucleus accumbens (NAc) critical to cocaine action. In addition, we demonstrate that these changes in epigenetic activity drive cocaine-seeking behaviors in a cell-type-specific manner. These findings are key in understanding and targeting cocaine's impact of neural circuitry and behavior.
Pengaruh Dana Investasi Melalui Instrumen SUN dan SBSN Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia
Authors: Ryandini Tya
Published: February 2021

The Influence of Investment Fund Through National Bond (SUN) and National Sukuk (SBSN) To Economic Growth in Indonesia. The aims of this research is to analyze the short term and long term influence of investment fund through National Bond (SUN) and National Sukuk (SBSN) to economic growth in Indonesia in the year of 2008 – 2012.The methode which used in this research is Error Correction Model. The result shows that economic development is positively influenced by National Bond in short term and long term. But, it negatively influenced by the National Sukuk both in short term and long term  DOI:10.15408/aiq.v6i1.1369
Socioeconomic and Racial and/or Ethnic Disparities in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome
Authors: Javalkar Karina , Robson Victoria K. , Gaffney Lukas , Bohling Amy M. , Arya Puneeta , Servattalab Sarah , Roberts Jordan E. , Campbell Jeffrey I. , Sekhavat Sepehr , Newburger Jane W. , de Ferranti Sarah D. , Baker Annette L. , Lee Pui Y. , Day-Lewis Megan , Bucholz Emily , Kobayashi Ryan , Son Mary Beth , Henderson Lauren A. , Kheir John N. , Friedman Kevin G. , Dionne Audrey
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVES:

To characterize the socioeconomic and racial and/or ethnic disparities impacting the diagnosis and outcomes of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).

METHODS:

This multicenter retrospective case-control study was conducted at 3 academic centers from January 1 to September 1, 2020. Children with MIS-C were compared with 5 control groups: children with coronavirus disease 2019, children evaluated for MIS-C who did not meet case patient criteria, children hospitalized with febrile illness, children with Kawasaki disease, and children in Massachusetts based on US census data. Neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) and social vulnerability index (SVI) were measured via a census-based scoring system. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations between SES, SVI, race and ethnicity, and MIS-C diagnosis and clinical severity as outcomes.

RESULTS:

Among 43 patients with MIS-C, 19 (44%) were Hispanic, 11 (26%) were Black, and 12 (28%) were white; 22 (51%) were in the lowest quartile SES, and 23 (53%) were in the highest quartile SVI. SES and SVI were similar between patients with MIS-C and coronavirus disease 2019. In multivariable analysis, lowest SES quartile (odds ratio 2.2 [95% confidence interval 1.1–4.4]), highest SVI quartile (odds ratio 2.8 [95% confidence interval 1.5–5.1]), and racial and/or ethnic minority background were associated with MIS-C diagnosis. Neither SES, SVI, race, nor ethnicity were associated with disease severity.

CONCLUSIONS:

Lower SES or higher SVI, Hispanic ethnicity, and Black race independently increased risk for MIS-C. Additional studies are required to target interventions to improve health equity for children.
Da razão Cósmica à razão de Estado
Authors: Mendes Elvis de Oliveira , Acácio de Oliveira Vagner
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo pretende apresentar de que maneira Michel Foucault compreende a passagem do modo de governo baseado no modelo da pastoral das almas para o modelo de “governamentalidade” dos homens baseado no discurso científico (biopoder). Para tanto, se faz aqui uma análise de algumas aulas ministradas em seu curso “Sécurité, territoire, population” (Segurança, território e população) em 1978, no qual, Foucault introduz sua reflexão acerca de como se desenvolve a ideia de “Razão de Estado” e de soberania do poder em detrimento da mentalidade pastoral baseada no governo de acordo com o cosmo e na economia da salvação. Por fim, se alerta que embora, no discurso aconteça uma ruptura radical entre o modo antigo e o moderno, na prática esses modelos podem se cruzar.
DFT study of “unlayered graphene solid” formation, in liquid carbon droplets at low pressures
Authors: Silva Chathuri , Chrostoski Philip , Fraundorf P.
Published: February 2021

This atomistic modeling study is companion to new experimental work on carbon vapor slow-cooled in (a) the laboratory and (b) the atmosphere of ancient carbon-synthesizing stars. It specifically follows up on TEM clues about the nucleation of unlayered graphene sheets in a solidifying carbon liquid, to show that 5 atom loops may help explain evidence for faceted pentacones in a slow-cooled melt. This is also first in a series of modeling studies that may open the door to laboratory studies of (i) condensation in cool-giant star atmospheres and (ii) liquid carbon at low pressures.

Graphic abstract
Аналіз енергозберігаючих рішень систем вентиляції і кондиціювання супермаркету
Authors: Дем'яненко Ю.І. , Дорошенко О.В. , Гоголь М.І.
Published: February 2021

Представлено матеріали обстеження системи припливно-витяжної вентиляції супермаркету. Згідно з проектом свіже повітря подається в приміщення через пластинчастий перехресноточний рекуператор. В холодний період таке рішення є безальтернативним, позаяк дозволяє суттєво зменшити експлуатаційні витрати на опалення. Знаючи про неефективність застосування рекуператорів влітку, проектанти зазвичай передбачають в установці обвідний канал для роботи в теплу пору року. Але спокуса економії енергії і влітку, коли працюють кондиціонери, спонукає до пошуку енергоефективних рішень. На даному об’єкті для виправдання застосування пластинчастого перехресноточного рекуператору проектанти застосували перед ним випарне охолодження витяжного повітря дозованим розбризкуванням водопровідної води, назвавши цей процес «попереднім адіабатним охолодженням повітря». Знизивши, таким чином, температуру витяжного повітря, можна потім в перехресноточному пластинчастому теплообміннику додатково охолодити припливне повітря і в результаті зменшити потрібну холодопродуктивність парокомпресорної холодильної машини. В статті показано, що задекларований авторами ідеї ефект фактич­но знаходиться в межах похибки вимірювань і реально не може бути прийнятий до уваги. Навіть за умов застосування дійсно адіабатного процесу температура повітря після припливно-ви­тяжної установки практично не зменшується, що є результатом надто малої різниці температур між припливним і витяжним повітрям. Проведений аналіз показав, що докорінно поліпшити ситуацію могло б застосування в схемі припливно-витяжної вентиляції замість рекуператора непрямого випарного охолоджувача (НВО) припливного повітря. При цьому може бути досягнутий бажаний результат – зменшення температури припливного повітря без застосування штуч­ного холоду. В холодний період рециркуляція води в апараті НВО вимикається, і він працює як теплообмінник-рекуператор. Всі викладки проілюстровано конкретними прикладами
EN Energy system efficient performance and energy policy
Authors: Yakovleva O. , Ostapenko O. , Trandafilov V.
Published: February 2021

The 2020 crisis caused by COVID makes the global economy move forward to a new start. In order to achieve strategic goals, the energy sector and the HVAC&R sector forced by faced problems to energy efficiency projects and technologies development and deployment to get fast return on investment and to manage risks for the secure step forward. To meet strategic packet goals global community should redirect investment into the renewables technologies development to integrate them with the energy efficiency projects in the project design phase. On the study of the solar thermal system due to increasing the outlet temperature of ground source heat exchanger it is possible to observe floating increasing COP (opera­ting mode dependence) for the HP system by 4-6%. For getting the greater angles of the collector, the more of the inbound energy can be accumulated and used per annual year. For that reason, collectors intended for the maintenance of HP system, when installing at a large angle. It can reduce the amount of excess heat in the summer season, while the efficiency of the collectors in winter season falling under a smaller angle optimized. The increasing of the COP is caused by reducing of the electrical input to the heat pump cause higher temperature level gain by solar collector. The use of solar thermal collectors bring possibility to reduce borehole depletion. In own turn it can be used for ground heat exchanger regeneration during heat pump stand by. Ukraine can look for the best practices of the sustainable deve­lopment goals worldwide and adopt them by modifying for actual complex tasks due to actual regulations and development new ones to motivate industrial players on the national and global levels for driving sectors development along with the sustainable development scenario
KID Syndrome Complicated by Multiple Abscesses of the Parietal Region Skin: Clinical Case
Authors: Bebenina Anastasia A. , Chundokova Madina A. , Smirnov Alexey N. , Golovanev Maxim A. , Dokshukina Alina A.
Published: February 2021

Background. KID syndrome (keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness) is an orphan genetic multisystem disease with autosomal recessive and dominant types of inheritance, it manifests in the neonatal period. The leading triad of symptoms is: skin lesions, ophthalmological diseases and hearing organ pathology.Clinical Case Description. Girl V., 17 years old, with KID syndrome applied to the hospital complaining on painful infiltrates of the parietal region. Multiple abscesses were lanced. Hyperkeratotic crusts were removed, unviable skin regions were excised, and abscesses' cavities were washed with antiseptic solution during daily dressings. Purulent discharge from wounds has been maintaining for 7 days.Conclusion. Where is no pathogenetic treatment for KID syndrome yet. Prevention of secondary surgical infections remains the crucial aspect in the management of such patients. Local wound treatment, symptomatic and antibacterial therapy are effective in case of skin infection.
Intelligent analysis of color preferences: search for associative rules vs. cluster analysis
Authors: Samoylova Tatyana , Griber Yulia
Published: February 2021

The aim of the article is to present the experience of experimental implementation on the basis of modern software platforms and technologies of two different methods of data mining: (1) the method of associative rules, and (2) the method of clustering. The authors analyze potential and limitations of using both methods in socio-psychological research of color preferences. The material for the conducted experiment was the data of a socio-psychological study in the course of which the subjects (N = 50) were shown a color palette containing 27 different shades and were asked to select from it the colors which, in their opinion, best fit the interior of each of seven different room types: living room, entrance room, bedroom, bathroom, toilet, kitchen, and hallway. By means of the Apriori algorithm we obtained associative rules corresponding to the relationship between color preferences and room types. We discuss the potential of hierarchical clustering method application for obtaining conclusions, which cannot be achieved by calculating percentages. The choice of rules for combining clusters, which give the most objective and informative assessment of responses, is performed. It was proposed to calculate the distance between color choices of respondents using CIEDE2000 color difference metric. By means of concrete examples it is shown that both methods of intellectual analysis open wide possibilities for visualization of the revealed psychological mechanisms and regularities. Experiments were carried out, in the course of which it was established that the chosen methods allow to carry out an effective assessment of social and psychological research data. We can conclude that with a significant increase in the number of respondents and the range of possible variants of answers, the task of finding associations is effectively solved by parallel methods.
A complexidade da tarefa afeta negativamente o equilíbrio e a mobilidade de idosos saudáveis
Authors: Scarmagnan Gabriella Simões , Mello Sarah Cristina Mugica de , Lino Tayla Borges , Barbieri Fabio Augusto , Christofoletti Gustavo
Published: February 2021

Resumo Objetivo Analisar o impacto da complexidade da tarefa sobre mobilidade e equilíbrio de idosos saudáveis. Métodos Noventa idosos foram incluídos neste estudo. Os participantes foram submetidos a tarefas que simularam problemas comuns ao envelhecimento, como baixa acuidade visual, alterações na base de apoio e dificuldades em realizar atividades simultâneas. Para avaliação da mobilidade utilizou-se o teste Timed Get Up and Go associado a atividades de dupla-tarefa cognitiva e motora. Para o equilíbrio utilizou-se uma plataforma de força avaliada em diferentes bases de apoio e informações visuais. Testes cognitivos foram aplicados com objetivo de caracterizar a amostra e analisar a associação entre as variáveis motoras e cognitivas. Na análise estatística utilizou-se o teste de Friedman para verificar o efeito da complexidade da tarefa nos idosos e o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman para verificar a associação entre as variáveis motoras e cognitivas. O nível de significância foi estipulado em 5%. Resultados A complexidade da atividade interferiu na mobilidade dos participantes, exigindo um maior número de passos e tempo para realizar a tarefa (p=0,001). De maneira semelhante, uma base de apoio diminuída e informações visuais restritas causaram uma maior insegurança nos participantes frente às reações de equilíbrio (p=0,001). Testes de correlação apontaram associações significativas entre funções executivas e tarefas motoras complexas (p<0,05). Conclusão Idosos saudáveis apresentam instabilidade motora quando submetidos a tarefas complexas, potencializando as alterações provenientes do envelhecimento. A associação entre as variáveis cognitivas e motoras sugere a necessidade de assistência multiprofissional para preparar os idosos no enfrentamento de desafios diários.
Análise de conteúdo de duas avaliações externas brasileiras de cursos de medicina: Enade e Revalida
Authors: Carvalho Annie Beatriz de , Resende Helder Lamin , Faria Rosa Malena Delbone de , Toledo Júnior Antonio
Published: February 2021

Resumo: Introdução: O Enade é prova cognitiva que avalia o desempenho dos cursos de graduação por meio dos egressos. O Revalida é exame específico para egressos de cursos de Medicina do exterior. Apesar de possuírem atribuições diferentes, as duas avalições são direcionadas a públicos semelhantes, podendo ser consideradas análogas. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivos identificar e comparar os conteúdos avaliados pelo Enade e Revalida. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo descritivo que comparou o conteúdo do Enade 2013 e 2016 e do Revalida 2015 e 2016, com base na Matriz de Correspondência Curricular do Revalida (MCCR). Na primeira etapa do estudo, dois médicos, professores de Medicina, analisaram de forma independente os itens das quatro avaliações e listaram os conteúdos abordados nos enunciados e nas alternativas. Posteriormente, consolidaram-se os resultados. A análise foi realizada por meio da distribuição de frequência de temas e áreas de concentração de acordo com o exame, da comparação entre as áreas de concentração e dos temas coincidentes em cada exame. Resultados: Das 46 áreas de concentração da MCCR, dez não foram abordadas no Enade 2013, seis no ENADE 2016 e duas no Revalida 2015. O Revalida 2016 abordou todas as áreas. Em relação aos 749 temas específicos da MCCR, as duas edições do Enade, em conjunto, abordaram 241 (32,2%) deles, enquanto as duas edições do Revalida abordaram 468 temas (62,5%). Na análise dos 241 temas abordados pelo Enade, 45 deles foram comuns às duas edições, enquanto, de um total de 468 temas, 247 foram abordados nas duas edições do Revalida. Quando se analisou a repetição de temas em cada edição dos exames, observou-se que cerca de 80,0% dos temas foram considerados apenas uma vez nas duas edições do Enade, em comparação com 50,0% nas edições do Revalida. Conclusão: Os resultados indicam que as edições 2013 e 2016 do Enade apresentam baixa abrangência de conteúdos em comparação com as edições 2015 e 2016 do Revalida, tendo como referência a MCCR. Identificaram-se também concentração da abordagem em grupos específicos de temas e repetição de um pequeno grupo de temas nas edições analisadas do Enade.
Grandes Obras na Amazônia: Engajando Atores Sociais para Promover o Desenvolvimento Sustentável
Authors: Wood Jr Thomaz , Morais Dafne Oliveira Carlos de
Published: February 2021

RESUMO Este caso de ensino destina-se ao uso em cursos de graduação e pós-graduação de administração pública e administração de empresas, em disciplinas que tratem do tema sustentabilidade. Podem ser trabalhados os seguintes tópicos: desenvolvimento sustentável, tripé da sustentabilidade, gestão de partes interessadas e engajamento de atores sociais. O caso narra como o FGVces (Centro de Estudos de Sustentabilidade, da FGV Eaesp) e a IFC (International Finance Corporation, do Banco Mundial) realizaram um projeto voltado para o desenvolvimento sustentável da Amazônia. O resultado foi a criação de 25 diretrizes para a realização de grandes obras na região. O caso foca o término da primeira fase, momento no qual os líderes do projeto refletem sobre o caminho percorrido e o desafio para implementação das diretrizes. Sua discussão permite aos estudantes imergir nos dilemas relacionados ao desenvolvimento sustentável, discutir os desafios relacionados à condução de um projeto que envolve múltiplas partes interessadas, e refletir sobre a melhor forma de implantação. O objetivo é que os estudantes incorporem a premissa de desenvolvimento sustentável às suas decisões, e que sejam capazes de identificar os dilemas inerentes à materialização deste conceito e de analisar prós e contras de diferentes caminhos.
An extended Prandtl solution for analytical modelling of the bearing capacity of a shallow foundation on a spatially variable undrained clay
Authors: Li Jinhui , Wu Chenglong , Luo Wuzhang , Sun Luwei , White David J.
Published: February 2021

Classical bearing capacity theory was developed mainly based on spatially uniform soil properties, which cannot account for the influence of inherent soil variability. If the soil strength is heterogeneous, then using the average strength may overestimate the bearing capacity of foundations, because the failure mechanism may preferentially mobilise the weaker soils. In this study the aim is to establish a theoretical model using upper-bound solutions applied to the bearing capacity analysis of shallow foundations on undrained clay considering spatial variability. The model is derived on the principle of least energy dissipation using a four-parameter variation on Prandtl's mechanism. The theoretical model developed is verified by the random finite-element (FE) method in spatially varying soil conditions. The results show that the model can accurately capture the effect of spatially varying strength on the shallow foundation failure mechanism. The difference of bearing capacity factor between the proposed model and the FE model is within 5%, which demonstrates that the four-parameter model has an accuracy that is comparable to FE analysis with many hundreds of degrees of freedom. Another advantage of the theoretical model is that the possible non-convergence in FE analysis can be avoided, and hence, the calculation efficiency is significantly enhanced. The model is therefore suitable for rapid quantification of bearing capacity in spatially varying soils.
An alternative approach to railway asset management value analysis: application to a UK railway corridor
Authors: Litherland Jack , Calvert Gareth , Andrews John , Modhara Sunny , Kirwan Andy
Published: February 2021

Railway networks are complex systems, and the management of such systems is a challenging task for railway asset managers. It is their responsibility to ensure that the network delivers the highest level of performance for all stakeholders while adhering to strict safety regulations and financial constraints. Historically, reliability, availability, maintainability and safety (RAMS) analysis has been used to assess the performance and safety of railway networks. Nonetheless, there is a lack of consistency in approaches across the industry, with analysis often influenced by the key stakeholders at the time. This research demonstrates an application of an extended RAMS (ExRAMS) framework on the UK railway network. The ExRAMS framework aims to consolidate various extensions to the traditional RAMS approach into a single universal approach, which is beneficial to all stakeholders. This paper explores the data currently available within the rail industry and how these can be used to assess the ten metrics within the framework. The final part of the paper explores how the parameters within the ExRAMS framework can be used as the bases of a value analysis, which can then be used to assist with asset-management decisions.
Fascia and living tensegrity considerations in: lower extremity and pelvic entrapment neuropathies
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Clinical Sciences, University of Chester/NTC, 15-16aSt Joseph’s Parade, Dorset St, DO7 FR6C, Dublin, Ireland., Sharkey John
Published: February 2021

Peripheral neuropathies can have a plethora of origins including physical insults resulting from connective tissue compression and entrapment. Observational investigations, using biotensegrity focused dissections, have identified site-specific fascial structures that are hypothesised to afford integrity to neurovascular structures by providing appropriate tension and compression. These myofascial structures act as site-specific fascia tuning pegs. While these ‘tuning pegs’ are capable of having a whole body impact, this paper will look specifically at the local influences on pelvis and lower limb. The analogy of a fascia ‘tuning peg’, similar to the tuning peg of a string instrument, is adopted to help explain this unfamiliar concept. An ‘out of tune’ fascial system would lead to hypertonic and inhibited tissues, dissonant notes, one could say. Hypertonic tissues increase tensional forces acting within local and global networks leading to inappropriate densification of fascial structures, fibrosis and neurovascular fascial adhesions. Inhibited tissues, unable to generate sufficient force to ensure appropriate fascial integrity, lead to excessive compression on neurovascular structures like a dissonant note striking a wrong cord. Site-specific fascia tuning pegs provide appropriate frequency and note specific tension and compression ensuring combined forces operate in an omnidirectional manner resulting in pain free physiology, neurology and motion. The role of muscles in metabolism, physiology, heat production and motion is well described within the scientific literature. Less understood is the local role of myofascial structures providing mechanotransductive forces resulting in fascial expansive responses ensuring appropriate gliding and decompression of neurovascular structures. It is proposed that failure of site-specific fascia tuning pegs results in excessive compression, friction, inflammation, pathology, pain and changes in sensations. KEY WORDS: Biotensegrity, Fascia, Site specific fascia tuning pegs, Tensegrity, Neuropathy, Dynamic ischemia.
How Deliberative Experiences Shape Subjective Outcomes: A Study of Fifteen Minipublics from 2010-2018
Authors: Knobloch Katherine , Gastil John
Published: February 2021

In the twenty-first century, deliberative democracy has grown exponentially both as a subject of scholarship and a public practice. Though governments and civic organizations have sponsored thousands of deliberative forums across the globe, it remains unclear how strongly participants’ experiences of deliberative processes connect to their sense of satisfaction, knowledge gains, and opinion change. In addition, the dearth of comparative studies makes it unclear whether those process-outcome relationships vary depending on the context of a deliberative event. To address those questions, we analyzed survey data collected at fifteen Citizens’ Initiative Reviews held from 2010-2018. The findings show strong relationships between process and outcome perceptions, though weaker linkages to opinion change. The duration, official authorization, and ideological diversity of participants also shaped many process and outcome measures, with the duration of process moderating even some process-outcome linkages. The results support the argument that the experience of deliberation is important for achieving its aims, more so when deliberation has more time devoted to it.
Does the incorrect classification of misconduct charges constitute substantive unfairness? EOH Abantu v CCMA (2019) 40 ILJ 2477 (LAC)
Authors: Newaj Kamalesh
Published: February 2021

Dismissals are commonplace in employment and arise for various reasons. One such reason is the unacceptable or undesirable conduct of an employee, which is recognised as a dismissal for misconduct. Notwithstanding the employers’ right to effect dismissals, employees are considerably protected by the law (s 185 of the Labour Relations Act (LRA)). An employee has the right to challenge his/her dismissal by referring an unfair dismissal dispute to the CCMA (s 191 of the LRA). This is not surprising considering the fact that fairness is the cornerstone of the employment relationship (as evident from s 23(1) of the Constitution, which states that “everyone has the right to fair labour practices”; see also Blanpain and Weiss Changing Industrial Relations and Modernisation of Labour Law (2003) 182). While it is indisputable that employers should act fairly towards its employees, a significant principle that has been highlighted in the determination of fairness is that it must accommodate and balance the conflicting interests and rights of both employers and employees (National Education Health & Allied Workers Union v University of Cape Town (2003) 24 ILJ 95 (CC) par 38 and 40).