bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
(Invited) In-Situ Study of the Activated Lattice Oxygen Redox Reactions in Metal Oxides during Oxygen Evolution Catalysis
Authors: Han Binghong , Shao-Horn Yang
Published: January 2022

Promoting the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) near room temperature is critical to improve the efficiency of many electrochemical energy storage and conversion techniques, such as water splitting and rechargeable metal-air batteries. Nowadays, researchers have developed many non-precious metal oxides as highly active OER catalysts, including many perovskite oxides (ABO3) of first-row transition metals such as LaCoO3-δ (LCO), SrCoO3-δ (SCO), and Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ (BSCF). However, understanding the interaction between oxides catalysts and water, which determines the stability and activity of the oxide OER catalysts, is still challenging. Here we report the systematic investigation between water and various perovskite oxides with different electronic structures, using a series of in situ characterization techniques including on-line electrochemical mass spectrometry (OLEMS), environmental transmission electron microscopy (ETEM), and pH-dependent electrochemical tests. It is find that having an oxygen 2p-band closer to the Fermi level and increasing the covalency of metal-oxygen bonds could facilitate the redox reaction of lattice oxygen in perovskites during OER catalysis. In the oxides such as SCO and BSCF with activated lattice oxygen in the OER process, we observe the evolving of 18O-labeled lattice oxygen in OLEMS, the strong pH dependency of OER kinetics in electrochemical measurements, and the structural oscillation in ETEM, which all indicate a new oxygen-site OER mechanism that makes the perovskites more active and less stable. While in the oxides such as LCO with no lattice oxygen activation, all of the above phenomena are missing, implying a stable surface with traditional metal-site OER mechanism. Observing the perovskites in situ during OER allows us to better understand the interaction between electrolytes and oxides, providing us a deeper insight into the stability and active site of oxide catalysts for OER.
Sex differences in rat renal arterial responses following exercise training
Authors: Vezér Márton , Demeter Ágota , Szekeres Mária , Jósvai Attila , Bányai Bálint , Oláh Attila , Balogh Fruzsina , Horváth Eszter M. , Radovits Tamás , Merkely Béla , Ács Nándor , Nádasy György L. , Török Marianna , Várbíró Szabolcs
Published: January 2022

We provided the first detailed analysis of the adaptation of the renal artery after aerobic training in male and female rats. As a result of a 12-wk-long training program, the pharmacological responses of renal arteries changed only in male animals. In phenylephrine-induced contraction, cyclooxygenase-mediated vasoconstriction mechanisms lost their significance in female rats, whereas NO-dependent relaxation became a significant contraction reducing factor in both sexes. Early structural changes, such as reduced elastin and smooth muscle cell actin evolves in females.
Quantification of murine myocardial infarct size using 2-D and 4-D high-frequency ultrasound
Authors: Dann Melissa M. , Clark Sydney Q. , Trzaskalski Natasha A. , Earl Conner C. , Schepers Luke E. , Pulente Serena M. , Lennord Ebonee N. , Annamalai Karthik , Gruber Joseph M. , Cox Abigail D. , Lorenzen-Schmidt Ilka , Seymour Richard , Kim Kyoung-Han , Goergen Craig J. , Mulvihill Erin E.
Published: January 2022

Our study supports that both 2-D and 4-D echocardiographic analysis techniques are reliable in quantifying infarct size though 4-D ultrasound provides a more holistic image of LV function and structure, especially after myocardial infarction. Furthermore, 4-D strain analysis correctly identifies infarct size and regional LV dysfunction after MI. Therefore, these techniques can improve functional insight into the impact of pharmacological interventions on the pathophysiology of cardiac disease.
Lanzhang Granules Ameliorate Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating the PPARα Signaling Pathway
Authors: Huang Ping , Yang Lili , Liu Yang , Jiang Yuwei , Li Yiping , Chen Zhiwei , Song Haiyan , Zheng Peiyong
Published: January 2022

Background. There is still a lack of effective therapeutic drugs for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to date. In this study, we applied mouse model experiments to clarify the effect of Chinese herbal medicine “Lanzhang Granules (LZG)” on NAFLD and further explore the potential mechanism to provide an alternative method for NAFLD treatment. Methods. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for twenty-two weeks to induce the NAFLD model. LZG intervention was then performed by gavage daily for another eight weeks. At the end of the treatment, serum and liver tissues were collected. Serum biochemical indexes, insulin levels, and liver histopathology were measured to assess the effect of LZG on NAFLD. The liver tissues were then analyzed by RNA sequence for differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways. Results were further analyzed by Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) networks between the LZG and model groups. The selected different genes and signaling pathways were further verified by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Moreover, alpha mouse liver 12 (AML12) cells with lipid accumulation induced by fatty acid were treated with LZG, Fenofibrate (PPARα agonist), or Gw6471 (PPARα antagonist) to confirm the potential pharmacological mechanism. Results. LZG was found to downregulate liver weight, body weight, liver index, and serum levels of ALT, AST, and serum lipid in HFD-induced NAFLD mice. HE and Oil Red O staining showed the improvement of hepatic steatosis and inflammatory infiltration in the mice with LZG treatment. The homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index indicated that LZG improved the insulin resistance of NAFLD mice. The RNA sequencing and PPI analysis confirmed the role of LZG in lipid metabolism regulation and identified the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) signaling pathway as one of the major underlying mechanisms. Western blot and RT-PCR results verified the regulatory effect of LZG on the PPARα pathway, including the upregulation of PPARα, acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACOX1), and enoyl-CoA hydratase and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (EHHADH) and the downregulation of TNFα. In vitro experiments showed the effect of LZG in improving lipid accumulation and cell viability in AML12 cells induced by fatty acids, which were alleviated by Gw6471 coincubation. Gw6471could also reverse the transcription of PPAR target genes ACOX1 and EHHADH, which were upregulated by LZG treatment. Conclusion. LZG can improve NAFLD in mice or cell models. A major underlying mechanism may be the regulation of the PPARα signaling pathway to improve lipid metabolism and inhibit the inflammatory response. This study will help to promote the clinical application of LZG for the treatment of NAFLD.
Preparation of Bismuth Tungstate Nanomaterials with Different Morphologies and Their Effect on Exercise Rehabilitation of Patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation
Authors: Ma Xiao , Kong Dezhi , Chang Zihui
Published: January 2022

It is understood that the effect of exercise rehabilitation drugs in patients with lumbar disc herniation is poor. Some studies have shown that bismuth tungstate nanomaterials with certain morphology can treat the exercise rehabilitation of patients with lumbar disc herniation. In order to help patients with lumbar disc herniation to a certain extent, in this paper, bismuth tungstate nanomaterials with different structures and morphologies were prepared by hydrothermal method, and viscous tungsten nanomaterials with different structures and morphologies were prepared by adjusting the pH value of the solution and the concentration of CTAB. In this paper, the structure and morphology of tungsten samples with different structure and morphology were characterized by CTAB X-ray (XRD) deflection and FESEM. It was found that the morphology of the samples changed after adding 0.02 mol/L surfactant CTAB in the reaction system, and when the concentration of CTAB was 0.04 mol/L, the nanotubes were stacked together under the action of surfactant. When the concentration of CTAB increased to 0.06 mol/L, the self-assembled nanocomposites tended to be petal like.
Evaluation System of Smart Logistics Comprehensive Management Based on Hospital Data Fusion Technology
Authors: Yao Biwen , Wang Huiming , Shao Mingliang , Chen Jian , Wei Guo
Published: January 2022

With the acceleration of the informatization process, but because of the late start of the informatization construction of logistics management, the current digital system construction of logistics management has not been popularized, and the intelligent logistics integrated management evaluation system is also extremely lacking. In order to solve the lack of existing intelligent logistics comprehensive management evaluation system, this paper introduces the research of intelligent logistics comprehensive management evaluation system based on hospital data fusion technology. This paper analyzes and utilizes the Kalman filter and adaptive weighted data fusion technology in data fusion technology and then analyzes the evaluation index and system design principles of the intelligent logistics comprehensive management evaluation system and then designs the application layer from the application layer. Design the application layer from the application layer. Then design the framework of the intelligent logistics comprehensive management evaluation system at the network layer and the data layer. The system is finally tested, and the test results show that the evaluation accuracy of the system reaches 80%.
Technical Study on 5G Using Soft Computing Methods
Authors: Divakaran J. , Malipatil Somashekhar , Zaid Tareeq , Pushpalatha M. , Patil Vilaskumar , Arvind C. , Joby Titus T. , Srihari K. , Ragul Vignesh M. , Gadgay Baswaraj , Sundramurthy Venkatesa Prabhu
Published: January 2022

With increasing advancements in the field of telecommunication, the attainment of a higher data transfer rate is essentially a greater need to meet high-performance communication. The exploitation of the fuzzy system in the wireless telecommunication systems, especially in Fifth Generation Mobile Networks (or) 5G networks is a vital paradigm in telecommunication markets. A comprehensive survey is dealt in the paper, where it initially reviews the basic understanding of fuzzy systems over 5G telecommunication. The literature studies are collected from various repositories that include reference materials, Internet, and other books. The collection of articles is based on empirical or evidence-based from various peer-reviewed journals, conference proceedings, dissertations, and theses. Most of the existing soft computing models are streamlined to certain applications of 5G networking. Firstly, it is hence essential to provide the readers to find research gaps and new innovative models on wide varied applications of 5G. Secondly, it deals with the scenarios in which the fuzzy systems are developed under the 5G platform. Thirdly, it discusses the applicability of fuzzy logic systems on various 5G telecommunication applications. Finally, the paper derives the conclusions associated with various studies on the fuzzy systems that have been utilized for the improvement of 5G telecommunication systems.
Macrofilaricidal Activity, Acute and Biochemical Effects of Three Lichen Species Found on Mount Cameroon
Authors: Kang Thierry Roland , Dinga Jerome Nyhalah , Orock Ayuk Elizabeth , Monya Elvis , Ngemenya Moses Njutain
Published: January 2022

Onchocerciasis is a parasitic infection affecting a relatively small population globally but has very devastating pathological outcomes. Ivermectin and recently moxidectin are the only drugs approved for clinical management of the disease, both of which have several limitations. In particular, they are efficacious against microfilariae (microfilaricidal) with no activity against adult worms (nonmacrofilaricidal). Promising anthelmintic activity has been reported in some lichens. This study investigated three lichens, Usnea articulata, Parmotrema tinctorum, and Heterodermia obscurata, found on Mount Cameroon, for potential macrofilaricidal activity. Organic extracts were screened for anti-Onchocerca activity against Onchocerca ochengi isolated from cattle skin using worm motility and MTT formazan assays. Toxicity of highly active extracts was investigated on monkey kidney epithelial (LLCMK2) cells and in BALB/c mice (2000 mg/kg body weight) including effects on liver enzymes. The methanol extract of P. tinctorum (Pammet) was the most active against adult male worms (

I

C

50

=
8.1

 μg/mL) with the highest selectivity index (

SI
=
21.3

). U. articulata was the most active against the adult female (

I

C

50

=
36.3

 μg/mL) but had a low SI value (3.4). No mortality and no adverse effects were recorded in the acute toxicity test. These two most active extracts had no significant effect on liver enzymes, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate (

P

values < 0.05), but a high AST : ALT ratio (2.59) for Pammet indicates likely reversible adverse hepatic toxicity. The high macrofilaricidal activity and selectivity of P. tinctorum suggest it is a potential source of new macrofilaricides which should be further investigated to identify its bioactive constituents.
Ocular Manifestations, Visual Field Pattern, and Visual Field Test Performance in Traumatic Brain Injury and Stroke
Authors: Lee Yun Jeong , Lee Seung Chan , Wy Seo Young , Lee Hoo Young , Lee Hyang Lim , Lee Woo Hyung , Oh Byung-Mo , Jeoung Jin Wook
Published: January 2022

Purpose. To analyze ocular manifestations, visual field (VF) pattern, and VF test performance in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke patients. Methods. This retrospective, cross-sectional study included 118 patients (236 eyes) with TBI and stroke who had undergone VF testing by standard automated perimetry with the central 24-2 threshold test. Clinical features including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular manifestations, and VF test results including VF defect pattern, reliability, and global indices were analyzed and compared between the TBI and stroke patients. Results. In TBI patients, ocular manifestations included strabismus (11.1%), cataract (4.2%), and glaucoma suspect (2.8%), whereas in stroke patients, cataract (15.2%), strabismus (8.5%), diabetic retinopathy (4.9%), extraocular movement (EOM) limitation (3.0%), glaucoma suspect (3.0%), nystagmus (2.4%), drusen (1.2%), and vitreous hemorrhage (1.2%) were found. The VF test results showed that 47 eyes (85.5%) in TBI and 86 (65.2%) in stroke had VF defect; in TBI, the scattered pattern was the most common (56.4%), followed by homonymous hemianopsia (14.5%), homonymous quadrantanopia (10.9%), and total defect (3.6%), whereas in stroke, homonymous hemianopsia was the most common (31.8%), followed by scattered pattern (16.7%), homonymous quadrantanopia (12.1%), and total defect (4.5%). Only 15 eyes (27.3%) in TBI and 32 (24.2%) in stroke showed reliable VF indices. The mean deviation (MD) was −10.5 ± 7.1 dB in TBI and −9.5 ± 6.8 dB in stroke, and the pattern standard deviation (PSD) was 4.9 ± 3.3 dB in TBI and 6.1 ± 3.9 dB in stroke, without statistically significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion. Various ocular manifestations were found, and a considerable proportion of patients were experiencing VF defects and showed unreliable VF test performance. Our findings suggest that accurate evaluation and rehabilitation of visual function should be a matter of greater concern and emphasis in the management of TBI and stroke patients, besides systemic diseases.
Optimization of Emergency Transportation Organization of Holiday Tourism Traffic
Authors: Wang Xiliang , Tang Yujing , Qi Qingyu , Wang Guomei , Bi Bowen
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the optimization of holiday traffic emergency traffic organization is to solve the problem of serious traffic jams in holiday scenic spots. Based on the prediction of traffic volume and traffic mode division in the future years of the scenic spot, the traffic accident route is analyzed to provide theoretical support for the emergency traffic organization and planning of the scenic spot. This article takes the Shijiazhuang Jinta Bay scenic area as the research object, based on the traffic volume of the Jinta Bay tourist scenic area from 2009 to 2016, analyzes the traffic environment of the scenic area, predicts the traffic demand, and builds a one-way traffic organization double-layer optimization model. The simulated annealing algorithm is used to solve the model, an emergency transportation organization optimization plan is formulated, and the feasibility of the plan is verified through VISSIM simulation. The results of the study show that the one-way traffic organization method reduces the average vehicle delay by 32.2% and the average queue length by 14.5%. The one-way traffic organization based on branch diversion can more effectively solve the main road jamming and congestion caused by traffic accidents, prevent the occurrence of secondary accidents, and reduce the economic losses of scenic area managers. At the same time, the purpose of ensuring the tourist quality of tourists and the economic interests of scenic spot management departments is ensured.
Advancement in Physical Education Teaching Using Improved Energy Efficient Scalable Routing Algorithm-Based Wireless Network
Authors: Xue Rui , Yi Hokun
Published: January 2022

Physical education (PE) is a crucial topic in higher coaching that individually points motor abilities in health-enhancing activities. Conventional PE in institutions struggles to pique graduates’ attentiveness in sports, proceeding in low task involvements rates, and incapacity to exercise the body. Innovative teaching concepts and methodologies, coaching techniques and procedures, and coaching assessment techniques in physical education are all accompanied to developing the physical education study hall climate and successfully boosting physical education efficacy. Each element of regular living, especially education, is being influenced by wireless internet innovations. We will provide extra help to students by predicting academic endurance or dropout. We can improve the wireless platform’s potential utility in sports applications and change the character of PE, including visualization and repetition by incorporating it into PE teaching. Based on the concept of wireless network technology, this paper proposes an Improved Energy Efficient Scalable Routing Algorithm (IEESRA) for physical education advancement. Initially, the physical education dataset is preprocessed using normalization. The aspects are removed using the scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) method. The data is transferred using a wireless network using Improved Energy Efficient Scalable Routing Algorithm (IEESRA). The classification is done using random forest (RF) classifier. The results of the analysis reveal that wireless network-based PE may increase graduates’ strength, speed, and qualities providing a more important reference and reference for enhancing the success of PE. The proposed strategy has the potential to enhance actual attention to PE teaching to 90% with raising students’ engagement to 70%.
Facile and Eco-Friendly Fabrication of Silver Nanoparticles Using Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Leaf Extract to Study Antibiofilm and Anticancer Properties against Candida albicans
Authors: Rajamohamed Beema Shafreen , Siddharthan Seema , Palanivel Velmurugan , Vinayagam Mohanavel , Selvaraj Vijayanand , Subpiramaniyam Sivakumar , Salmen Saleh H. , Obaid Sami Al , Palanivel Sekar , Subramanian Senthilkumar
Published: January 2022

The synthesis of silver nanoparticles has been gaining more attention in recent years due to their small size and high stability. For this study, silver nanoparticles were biosynthesized from leaf extract of the medicinal plant (N. arbor-tristis). Vitally, the shrub with tremendous medicinal usage was diversely observed in South Asia and South East Asia. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by color visualization, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique. A sharp peak at 427 nm for biosynthesized nanoparticles was obtained using UV-Vis, which represents surface plasmon resonance. Thus, characterization techniques showed the green synthesis of AgNPs leads to the fabrication of spherical shape particles with a size of 67 nm. Furthermore, AgNPs were subjected to antibiofilm studies against Candida albicans and it was observed that 0.5 μg mL−1 of AgNPs significantly reduced 50% of biofilm formation. These biosynthesized nanoparticles also showed a considerable reduction in viability of HeLa cells at 0.5 μg mL−1. The morphological changes induced by AgNPs were observed by AO/EB staining. The toxic effect of AgNPs was studied using brine shrimp as a model system. Therefore, it is envisaged that further investigation with these AgNPs can replace toxic chemicals, assist in the development of biomedical implants that can prevent biofilm formation, and avoid infections due to C. albicans.
Curative Effect of Interventional Therapy and Neurological Changes in Ischemic Stroke of Posterior Circulation Evaluated by Magnetic Resonance Imaging under Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Yu Xiaodu , Zheng Xingyou , Cheng Daoyou
Published: January 2022

Objective. This study aimed to evaluate the improvement and neurological function changes of patients with ischemic stroke in the posterior circulation before and after interventional therapy using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) under genetic algorithm and compressed sensing algorithm. Methods. Thirty-six patients with posterior circulation ischemia who visited the interventional cerebrovascular disease area were included in this study. The treatment effect was observed through abnormal signal changes in the lesion area on each sequence of MRI images before and after treatment. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used for the evaluation of the changes in neurological function. Results. The real data experiment results suggested that the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) = 39.33 and structure similarity (SSIM) = 0.96 in the algorithm reconstructed image, which showed no significant difference with the simulation experiment results of PSNR = 35.19 and SSIM = 0.96 (

P
<
0.05

). In addition, the stenosis rate after interventional treatment (13.89%) was substantially lower than that before treatment (91.67%) (

P
<
0.05

). Cerebral blood flow (CBF) of the bilateral occipital lobes and cerebellum after six months of treatment was higher than that before treatment (

P
<
0.05

), and the incidence of postoperative restenosis was 11.11% (4/36). Conclusion. The combination of genetic algorithm and compressed sensing algorithm had a good effect on MRI image processing. The posterior circulation ischemia interventional stent implantation can effectively improve the stenosis of the vertebral artery and vertebral basilar artery as well as the cerebral tissue perfusion in the ischemic area, which improved the clinical symptoms substantially and reduced the probability of restenosis.
Research on Engineering Geomechanics Characteristics and CFRP Reinforcement Technology Based on Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Yan Baoqi , Zhang Nuoya , Lu Ganggang , Hui Yue
Published: January 2022

We have completed the design of an early warning and evaluation analysis module based on machine learning algorithms. Aiming at the prestressed CFRP-strengthened reinforced concrete bridges under natural exposure, we developed a theoretical model to analyze the long-term prestress loss of reinforced parts and the adhesion behavior of the CFRP-concrete interface under natural exposure conditions. The analysis deeply reveals the technical and engineering geomechanics characteristics of the D bridge. At the same time, through a series of experimental studies on the D bridge condition monitoring system, the data acquisition and transmission, processing and control of the D bridge condition monitoring system, and the bridge condition monitoring and evaluation software are provided. Regarding how to repair the engineering geomechanical characteristics of D bridge, we mentioned the prestressed CFRP reinforcement technology. The prestressed carbon fiber reinforced composite (CFRP) structure made of reinforced concrete (RC) makes better use of the high-strength characteristics of CFRP and changes. It strengthens the stress distribution of the components and improves the overall strength of the components. It is more supported by engineers in the civil engineering and transportation departments. However, most prestressed CFRP-reinforced RC structures are located in natural exposure environments, and the effect of natural exposure environments on the long-term mechanical properties of prestressed C FRP-reinforced RC components is still unclear. This article mainly uses the research on the engineering geomechanics characteristics and reinforcement technology of the bridge body, so that people have a deep understanding of its concept, and provides reasonable use methods and measures for the maintenance and protection of the bridge body in the future. This paper studies the characteristics of engineering geomechanics based on machine learning algorithms and applies them to the research of CFRP reinforcement technology, aiming to promote its better development.
Circ_0004354 might compete with circ_0040039 to induce NPCs death and inflammatory response by targeting miR-345-3p-FAF1/TP73 axis in intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Li Yongjin , Wu Xiaojing , Li Jianhua , Du Lilong , Wang Xuke , Cao Jiasong , Li Hao , Huo Zhenxin , Li Guowang , Pan Dayu , Xu Haiwei , Xu Baoshan
Published: January 2022

The abnormal function of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Recent studies have demonstrated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the pathological process of IVDD by regulating NPCs’ function. Nevertheless, the investigation on circRNA-circRNA interaction has not yet been reported. Here, we identified the top upregulated circ_0040039 and circ_0004354 in IVDD, derived from the syntrophin beta 2 gene but had different degrees of biological functions. Accumulating studies have reported PANoptosis is composed of apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis. Based on this, we think there should be a new pro-inflammatory cell death PAoptosis in the form of apoptosis and pyroptosis. Circ_0004354 might compete with circ_0040039 to induce the development of IVDD by modulating miR-345-3p-FAF1/TP73 axis-mediated PAoptosis, inflammatory response, growth inhibition, and ECM degradation of NPCs. Thus, these findings offer a novel insight into the circRNAs-mediated posttranscriptional regulatory network in IVDD, contributing to further clarification of the pathological mechanism of IVDD to develop a promising therapeutic target for IVDD diseases.
Tumoral Calcinosis of the Cervical Spine Associated with a Pathologic Odontoid Fracture
Authors: Wang Andy Y. , Tingen Joseph N. , Mahoney Eric J. , Riesenburger Ron I.
Published: January 2022

Tumoral calcinosis involves focal calcium deposits in the soft tissues surrounding a joint and most commonly occurs in the hips and elbows, rarely in the cervical spine. Furthermore, it has not been known to be associated with pathologic fractures. To the best of our knowledge, our case report highlights the first case of a pathologic type II odontoid fracture associated with adjacent tumoral calcinosis, resulting in pain, dysphagia, and severe spinal stenosis. The patient underwent a posterior occipitocervical fusion and C1 laminectomy, along with planned tracheostomy and gastrostomy to avoid expected difficulty with postoperative extubation and dysphagia. Additionally, we present a review of existing literature on tumoral calcinosis in the upper cervical spine.
Optimized Reconstruction Algorithm-Processed CT Image in the Diagnosis of Correlation between Epicardial Fat Volume and Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Xue Enzhong , Jing Qiangqiang
Published: January 2022

This study was to analyze the application value of a reconstruction algorithm in CT images of patients with coronary heart disease and analyze the correlation between epicardial fat volume and coronary heart disease. An optimized reconstruction algorithm was constructed based on compressed sensing theory in this study. Then, the optimized algorithm was applied to the image reconstruction of multislice spiral CT image data after testing its sensitivity, accuracy, and specificity. 60 patients with suspected angina pectoris were divided into lesion group (40 cases) and normal group (20 cases) according to whether there were coronary atherosclerotic plaques in cardiac vessels. The results showed that the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the optimized reconstruction algorithm were 91.78%, 84.27%, and 95.32%, and the running time was (12.18 ± 2.49) s. The CT value of the liver and the CT ratio of the liver and spleen in the lesion group were (53.81 ± 5.91) and (3.88 ± 0.67), respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups (

P
>
0.05

). The body mass index and epicardial fat volume in the lesion group were (31.93 ± 4.54) kg/m2 and (120.09 ± 22.01) cm3, respectively. The body mass index and fat volume in the lesion group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (

P
<
0.05

). The epicardial fat constitution increased with the increase of the number of coronary arteries involved, and there was a positive correlation between them. Among patients with different coronary atherosclerotic plaques, the epicardial fat volume in patients with mixed plaques was the largest (

P
<
0.05

). In summary, optimizing CT images under compressed a sensing reconstruction algorithm could effectively improve the diagnostic accuracy of doctors. Epicardial fat volume was positively correlated with coronary heart disease. Epicardial fat volume could be used as one of the important indexes to predict coronary heart disease.
Zoomorphic Mobile Robot Development for Vertical Movement Based on the Geometrical Family Caterpillar
Authors: Attar Hani , Abu-Jassar Amer Tahseen , Yevsieiev Vladyslav , Lyashenko Vyacheslav , Nevliudov Igor , Luhach Ashish Kr.
Published: January 2022

Research in robotics is one of the promising areas in mobile robot development, which is planned to be implemented in extreme dangerous conditions of areas explored by humans. This article aims at developing and improving a prototype of zoomorphic mobile robots that are designed to repeat the existing biological objects in nature. The authors performed a detailed analysis on the structure and dynamics of the geometrical family caterpillar movement, which is passed on a practical design implemented to perform the dynamic movement on uneven vertical surfaces. Based on the obtained analysis, the design and kinematic scheme of the movement is developed. Also, the structural control scheme via the Internet technologies that allow carrying out remote control is presented in this paper, considering the dangerous mobile robot work zones. To test the recommended solutions, the authors developed detailed 3D printed models of the mobile robot constructions for the implemented hardware. The model of the mobile robot is constructed, and the control system with examples of the user program code implementations is performed. Several experiments were performed, which showed the efficiency of the achieved mobile robot for solving problems of vertical movement on uneven metal surfaces. Moreover, the obtained slow motion of the designed robot proves that the simulated robot behaves similarly to the natural behavior of caterpillar movement.
Effects of Integrated Chinese Traditional Medicine and Conventional Western Medicine on the Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bai Xue , Ta Na , Gong Guo-Hua , Zhang Bin , Wei Cheng-Xi
Published: January 2022

Background. Traditional Chinese medicine has been widely used, in conjunction with conventional Western medicine, in clinical practice around the world to treat breast cancer. The study systematically reviewed and summarized the quality of life of breast cancer patients treated with integrated treatment method vs. conventional Western medicine. Methods. Eight databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biology Medicine Disc, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and Wanfang Data knowledge service platform were searched in this study. The retrieval period was set from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2020. Results. Twenty-two high-quality publications were included in this study. The total sample size was 1689 patients including 844 in the intervention group receiving traditional Chinese medicine combined with conventional Western medicine and 845 patients in the control group receiving conventional Western medicine only. Compared with the single-used conventional Western medicine treatment, an integrated approach to treat breast cancer can increase quality of life measured by rating scales (SMD = 1.29, 95% CI (1.07, 1.52) and

P
=
0.01

) and ranking scales (RR = 1.53, 95% CI (1.39 1.68) and

P
=
0.02

) and also decrease adverse reactions measured by rating scales (Z = 10.89,

P
<
0.05

; Group 1: I2 = 9.0%,

P
=
0.258

, SMD = 1.03; and Group 2: I2 = 31.6%,

P
=
0.199

, SMD = 1.56). For further analysis, chemotherapy with epirubicin exhibited higher quality of life than the chemotherapy without epirubicin among breast cancer patients [Z = 19.80,

P
<
0.05

; Group 1: I2 = 62.4%,

P
=
0.070

, SMD = 1.61; and Group 2: I2 = 9.0%,

P
=
0.359

, SMD = 1.04]. Despite the heterogeneity, which was due to a portion of relative low-quality literature or other factors, the results were satisfactory. In terms of secondary results, the patients with lower tumor markers (CEA and CA153) had better efficiency in quality of life with a statistically significant difference (SMD = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.10,1.67) for rating scales. In addition, secondary results related to high incidence of gastrointestinal adverse reactions (RR = 1.33, 95% CI (1.20, 1.48)) and the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome (RR = 1.50, 95% CI (1.28, 1.80))showed lower quality of life in the intervention group than the control group for ranking scales. Conclusion. Traditional Chinese medicine, when used in conjunction with the conventional Western medicine, could be an effective way in improving the quality of life and alleviating incidence of associated adverse symptoms such as gastrointestinal adverse reactions, value of tumor markers, and the incidence of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome. Further investigation of larger and methodologically sound trials with longer follow-up periods and appropriate comparison groups is needed.
Application of Multilayer Neural Network in Sports Psychology
Authors: Yang Hongling
Published: January 2022

The research on multilayer neural network theory has developed rapidly in recent years. It has parallel processing capabilities and fault tolerance and has aroused the interest of many researchers. The neural network has made great progress in the field of control, especially in model identification and control. It has been quickly applied in the fields of device design, optimized operation, and fault analysis and diagnosis. Neural network control, as an automated control technology in the 21st century, has been fully proved by theories and practices at home and abroad, and it is very useful in complex process control. Sports psychology is a discipline that studies the psychological characteristics and laws of people engaged in sports, and it is also a new development in sports science. The main task of sports psychology is to study people’s psychological processes when participating in sports, such as feeling, perception, appearance, thinking, memory, emotion, and characteristics of will and its role and significance in sports. An important feature of multilayer neural networks is to achieve results that match the expected output through network learning. It has strong self-learning, self-adaptability, and fault tolerance. The multilayer neural network system evaluation method is unique with its extraordinary ability to deal with complex nonlinear problems and does not involve human intervention. This article presents a multilayer neural network algorithm, which classifies the samples of athletes, and studies the physical education training process, the psychological characteristics of related personnel in sports competitions, such as the psychological characteristics of the formation of sports skills, and the psychological training of athletes before the game.
Identification of RAGE and OSM as New Prognosis Biomarkers of Severe Pneumonia
Authors: Lei Jing , Wang Li , Li Qian , Gao Lin , Zhang Jing , Tan Yan
Published: January 2022

Objective. To investigate efficiency of RAGE and OSM as new prognosis biomarkers of severe pneumonia. Methods. Eligible patients were classified into hypoxemia and nonhypoxemia groups. Meanwhile, the same cohort was divided into survival and nonsurvival groups after a post-hospital stay of 30 days. We analyzed risk factors for the hypoxia and death among these patients. Results. Compared with nonsurvival group, significant increase was noticed in PH, lymphocyte, albumin and platelet level in survival group, while significant decline was noticed in neutrophils, RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, creatinine, total bilirubin, CRP, PCT, OSM, RAGE and neutrophils/lymphocyte level. Oxygenation index level was related to APACHE II, LIS, SOFA, NUTRIC score, WBC, neutrophils, lymphocyte, RAGE, and albumin level (

p
<
0.05

). LIS, SOFA, NUTRIC score, lac, lymphocyte, platelet, BUN, total bilirubin, PCT, and OSM levels were associated with mortality rate (

p
<
0.05

). Conclusions. RAGE and OSM may serve as a new biomarker for poor prognosis in pneumonia patients.
Design-Centered HRI Governance for Healthcare Robots
Authors: Weng Yueh-Hsuan , Hirata Yasuhisa
Published: January 2022

Recent developments have shown that not only are AI and robotics growing more sophisticated, but also these fields are evolving together. The applications that emerge from this trend will break current limitations and ensure that robotic decision making and functionality are more autonomous, connected, and interactive in a way which will support people in their daily lives. However, in areas such as healthcare robotics, legal and ethical concerns will arise as increasingly advanced intelligence functions are incorporated into robotic systems. Using a case study, this paper proposes a unique design-centered approach which tackles the issue of data protection and privacy risk in human-robot interaction.
Coenzyme Q0 Inhibits NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation through Mitophagy Induction in LPS/ATP-Stimulated Macrophages
Authors: Hseu You-Cheng , Tseng Yu-Fang , Pandey Sudhir , Shrestha Sirjana , Lin Kai-Yuan , Lin Cheng-Wen , Lee Chuan-Chen , Huang Sheng-Teng , Yang Hsin-Ling
Published: January 2022

Coenzyme Q (CoQ) analogs with a variable number of isoprenoid units have exhibited as anti-inflammatory as well as antioxidant molecules. Using novel quinone derivative CoQ0 (2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone, zero side chain isoprenoid), we studied its molecular activities against LPS/ATP-induced inflammation and redox imbalance in murine RAW264.7 macrophages. CoQ0’s non- or subcytotoxic concentration suppressed the NLRP3 inflammasome and procaspase-1 activation, followed by downregulation of IL1β expression in LPS/ATP-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Similarly, treatment of CoQ0 led to LC3-I/II accumulation and p62/SQSTM1 activation. An increase in the Beclin-1/Bcl-2 ratio and a decrease in the expression of phosphorylated PI3K/AKT, p70 S6 kinase, and mTOR showed that autophagy was activated. Besides, CoQ0 increased Parkin protein to recruit damaged mitochondria and induced mitophagy in LPS/ATP-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. CoQ0 inhibited LPS/ATP-stimulated ROS generation in RAW264.7 macrophages. Notably, when LPS/ATP-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with CoQ0, Mito-TEMPO (a mitochondrial ROS inhibitor), or N-acetylcysteine (NAC, a ROS inhibitor), there was a significant reduction of LPS/ATP-stimulated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL1β expression. Interestingly, treatment with CoQ0 or Mito-TEMPO, but not NAC, significantly increased LPS/ATP-induced LC3-II accumulation indicating that mitophagy plays a key role in the regulation of CoQ0-inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Nrf2 knockdown significantly decreased IL1β expression in LPS/ATP-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages suggesting that CoQ0 inhibited ROS-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL1β expression was suppressed due to the Nrf2 activation. Hence, this study showed that CoQ0 might be a promising candidate for the therapeutics of inflammatory disorders due to its effective anti-inflammatory as well as antioxidant properties.
Application of Embedded Smart Wearable Device Monitoring in Joint Cartilage Injury and Rehabilitation Training
Authors: Zhang Yang , Sun Wenyan , Chen Jia
Published: January 2022

Joint injuries cause varying degrees of damage to joint cartilage. The purpose of this paper is to study the application of embedded smart wearable device monitoring in articular cartilage injury and rehabilitation training. This paper studies what an embedded system is and what a smart wearable device is and also introduces the rehabilitation training method of articular cartilage injury. We cited an embedded matching cost algorithm and an improved AD-Census. The joint cartilage damage and rehabilitation training are monitored. Finally, we introduced the types of smart wearable devices and different types of application fields. The results of this paper show that, after an articular cartilage injury, the joint function significantly recovers using the staged exercise rehabilitation training based on embedded smart wearable device monitoring. We concluded that, from 2013 to 2020, smart wearable devices are very promising in the medical field. In 2020, the value will reach 20 million US dollars.
Study on the Correlation between the Levels of HtrA3 and TGF-β2 in Late Pregnancy and Preeclampsia
Authors: Huang Wenying , Zhang Shuxuan
Published: January 2022

Preeclampsia (PE) is a common and proprietary complication during pregnancy. The correlation was found between the levels of HtrA3 and TGF-β 2 and preeclampsia (PE). This study aimed to detect the HtrA3 and TGF-β2 in different parts of the third trimester (maternal serum, placenta). The 102 pregnant women who were eligible for enrollment in the obstetric examination at Tengzhou Maternity and Child Health Hospital from June 2020 to December 2020 were selected as the research objects. 28 cases diagnosed with PE were set up as the observation group 1, and 24 cases diagnosed with severe PE were set up as the observation group 2. Select 50 normal pregnant women as the control group and research the expressions of HtrA3 and TGF-β2 in maternal blood and placental tissues of patients with PE. ELISA was used to measure the concentration of HtrA3 and TGF-β2 in maternal blood. The distribution of HtrA3 and TGF-β2 in the placenta was observed by immunohistochemical techniques (IHC) and mean optical density value (MOD). S/D was measured by using color Doppler ultrasonic. The concentration of HtrA3 and TGF-β2 in the maternal blood and placenta tissue was higher in severe PE compared with PE and normotensive pregnancy, respectively (

P
<
0.05

). There is a negative correlation between the level of HtrA3 and TGF-β2 and the birthweight of newborns both in maternal plasma and placenta tissue in preeclampsia and positive correlation between HtrA3 and TGF-β2 levels and S/D. HtrA3 and TGF-β2 may correlate with severity of PE and their neonatal adverse outcomes.
Parametric Neural Network-Based Model Free Adaptive Tracking Control Method and Its Application to AFS/DYC System
Authors: Fu Zhijun , Lu Yan , Zhou Fang , Guo Yaohua , Guo Pengyan , Feng Heyang
Published: January 2022

This paper deals with adaptive nonlinear identification and trajectory tracking problem for model free nonlinear systems via parametric neural network (PNN). Firstly, a more effective PNN identifier is developed to obtain the unknown system dynamics, where a parameter error driven updating law is synthesized to ensure good identification performance in terms of accuracy and rapidity. Then, an adaptive tracking controller consisting of a feedback control term to compensate the identified nonlinearity and a sliding model control term to deal with the modeling error is established. The Lyapunov approach is synthesized to ensure the convergence characteristics of the overall closed-loop system composed of the PNN identifier and the adaptive tracking controller. Simulation results for an AFS/DYC system are presented to confirm the validity of the proposed approach.
Butylphthalide Inhibits TLR4/NF-κB Pathway by Upregulation of miR-21 to Have the Neuroprotective Effect
Authors: Zhan Lan , Pang Yu , Jiang Hao , Zhang Shicun , Jin Hongwei , Chen Jing , Jia Cuiying , Guo Hongyan , Mu Zhuang
Published: January 2022

Stroke is a disease with the highest incidence rate and the highest mortality rate in the world. The study aims to verify the neuroprotective effect of Butylphthalide. The mice were divided into sham group, MCAO group, and MCAO + Butylphthalide-treated group. The mice in MCAO + Butylphthalide-treated group were administered with 70 mg/kg Butylphthalide injection intraperitoneally after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. The normal saline with the same volume was administered intraperitoneally for the mice in the MCAO group and sham group. The levels of miR-21 in brain tissue and cells were detected by qPCR. The OGD/R injury model of Neuro2A cells was used to simulate the hypoxic-ischemic environment of neurons in vitro. The proliferation rate of Neuro2A cells was detected with CCK-8. The production of ROS was detected with DCFH-DA. Compared with the mice in MCAO group, a decrease (P<0.01) was observed in the functional neurologic impairment scoring, cerebral infarction volume, and brain loss volume in the mice treated with MCAO + Butylphthalide, but an increase (P<0.01) was observed in the level of miR-21, which was positively correlated with functional neurologic impairment scoring (r = −0.8933,P<0.001). MTT assay showed that the cell viability of OGD/R + Butylphthalide group was significantly higher than that of other groups (P<0.001), and the activity of ROS was significantly decreased (P<0.001). The WB results showed that, compared with OGD/R + miR-NC and control groups, the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax in OGD/R + Butylphthalide group and OGD/R + miR-21 mimics group was significantly higher (P<0.05), while the ratio of caspase-3/GAPDH was significantly lower (P<0.05). In conclusion, Butylphthalide has neuroprotective effect on the mouse model of MCAO. It may upregulate the level of miR-21 to inhibit neuronal apoptosis and ROS production and improve the proliferation activity. The specific mechanism may lie in inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway.