bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROTAC: A Novel Drug Delivery Technology for Targeting Proteins in
Cancer Cells
Authors: Bala Rajni , Sindhu Rakesh Kumar , Madaan Reecha , Yadav Shantanu Kumar
Published: November 2022

The treatment measures of malignant carcinomas are most important for human health. In
recent years the use of targeted therapy based on small molecule compounds and identical immunoglobulin
has been the most frequently used tool to combat cancerous cells. But there are still several
limitations in their clinical development and applications, including their ability to bind multiple molecular
target sites, both cell surface receptors and intracellular proteins, promoting a greater risk of
toxicity. PROTAC is a novel technology that maintains a balance between protein synthesis and degradation
and uses molecules instead of conventional enzyme inhibitors, containing two active domains
and a linker to destroy unwanted selective protein (like kinase, skeleton protein and regulatory protein).
PROTACs are heterobifunctional nano molecules with a size range of about 10 nanometres that
eliminate the protein complexes formed by protein-protein interaction through large and flat surfaces
generally defined as “undruggable” in conventional drug delivery systems, which include around 85%
of proteins present in humans, suggesting their wide application in the field of drug development.
Such peptide-based PROTACs have successfully shown targets' destruction in cultured cells (e.g.,
MetAP-2, and FKBP12F36V, receptors for estrogens and androgen). However, some obstacles prevent
this technology from transferring from the laboratory to its actual clinical utility, such as delivery system
and bioavailability. The scope of the presented review is to give an overview of novel PROTAC
technology with its limitations, advantages, mechanism of action, and development of photocontrolled
PROTACs and to summarize its futuristic approach to targeting proteins in cancer cells.
Endogenous AMPKα2 Mediates the Inhibition of Biliary Fibroblasts
Proliferation
Authors: Lu Jiamei , Yu Liang , Shi Jianhua
Published: November 2022

Background:

Although it has been established that activating adenosine monophosphateactivated
protein kinase (AMPK) inhibits cell proliferation in several cells, it is unknown whether AMPK
is involved in inhibiting biliary fibroblast growth.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to specifically investigate the influence of AMPK isoforms on
proliferation.

Methods:

To further address its underlying molecular mechanisms, primary cultured rat biliary fibroblasts
were transfected with sequence-specific AMPK1 or AMPK2 siRNA.

Results:

Our findings show that knocking down AMPK2 greatly increased the proliferation of primary
cultured biliary fibroblasts, accompanied by the activation of mTOR, an increase in S-phase kinaseassociated
protein 2 (Skp2) expression, and a decrease in p27 protein levels. AMPK2 inhibition-triggered
Skp2 overexpression and concomitant p27 decrease, as well as biliary fibroblast proliferation, were reversed
by rapamycin inhibition or previous silencing of Skp2 production by targeted small interfering
RNA (siRNA) transfection.

Conclusion:

We concluded that AMPK2 regulates the mTOR/Skp2/p27 signaling pathway and causes
endogenous suppression of primary cultured biliary fibroblast growth. The reduction of biliary fibroblast
proliferation by AMPK2 could be a potential method in treating benign biliary stricture (BBS).
Using Real-Time, Partially Automated Interactive System to Interpret Patient’s
Data; Helping The Patient To Achieve Diabetic Self-Management:
A Rapid Literature Review
Authors: Hani Salam B. , Saleh Mohammad Y.
Published: November 2022

Background:

Diabetes is an endocrine chronic condition with a high prevalence rate
among the population that needs a complex management process. However, many advanced health
care technologies were evolving to help patients achieve their centered care and self-management
using real-time proactive techniques through interactive systems to detect early complications and
prevent them. The purpose of the current review is to assess the findings of literature reviews of the
main interventions that used a real-time partially automated interactive systems to interpret patient’s
data including biological information, exercise, and dietary content calculated from a message
sent by the patient and respond with actionable findings, helping patients to achieve diabetes
self-management.

Methods:

PubMed\ MEDLINE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and Research Gate were used to search
the literature for studies published between the periods 2015 to 2021.

Results:

Eleven articles were included in the literature review. The retrieved studies approved the
significant effect of achieving diabetic self-management by utilizing Information Technology (IT)
with the Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods by sending a real-time, partially automated
interactive system to interpret patient's biological information, physical activity, and dietary content
calculated using a message sent by patients to achieve their self-management.

Conclusion:

Improved blood glucose levels, glycemic control, better readings of blood pressure,
and lifestyle improvement including dietary intake and physical activity were offered using continuous
real-time messages to improve their health outcomes.
Development of Antibody-Drug Conjugates: Future Perspective Towards Solid Tumor Treatment
Authors: Pramanik Dipankar
Published: November 2022

Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) are basically a targeted drug delivery system where tumour antigen-specific antibodies are used for targeting particular tumor cells and cytotoxic materials are conjugated with it by a linker molecule. Till now, twelve ADCs have been approved by FDA for clinical use. Majority of the approved ADCs are against hematological cancer. Here in this review we will discuss the combinations of targeted ligands (antigen) specific antibodies, different types of cytotoxic drugs (payload/warheads) and linker moieties which are being used towards the development of successful FDA approved ADCs. We will discuss new ADC formulations which completed clinical trials or undergo advance phases of clinical trials against different types of solid tumours. New ADC formulation or recently developed its prototypes against solid tumour models in preclinical studies will be discussed precisely in this review article.
Synergistic Effect of Piperine and its Derivatives: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Chopra Bhawna , Saini Neha , Dhingra Ashwani K.
Published: November 2022

Piperine is a fascinating substance since it can be used as a biomarker in combination with other bioactive compounds or their analogues, as well as therapeutic molecules used for the healing of a variety of diseases. It displays a plentiful therapeutic potential and various health benefits when administered alone or in combination with several other drugs and/or phytochemicals. It has also been used to enhance the pharmacokinetic profile of many nutraceutical compounds like curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, beta-carotene, barbiturates, propranolol, metformin, theophylline etc. The present review discloses the synergistic effect of piperine and its derivatives, clinical studies, and patent studies of piperine.
Recent Advancements in Rare-earth Activated Phosphors in the Perspective
of Phototherapy and Plant Lamp Applications: A Review
Authors: Mehare Manohar D. , Dhale S.A. , Mehare Chaitali M. , Dhoble N.S. , Dhoble Sanjay J.
Published: November 2022

Recently, rare-earth activated phosphors have gained new and exciting applications in
various fields, like display and illumination, phototherapy, plant growth, etc. The phosphorconverted
white light emitting diode is prime in the art of solid-state lighting owing to its numerous
merits, including desired spectral distribution, excellent chemical and thermal stability, high
operational lifetime, reliability, and color quality of w-LEDs for lighting. The enhancement of
the color gamut of backlight w-LEDs still needs to be addressed, which requires the design of
high-efficient downshifting converter phosphors featuring thermally stable luminescence. The
class of materials under suitable activation exhibit applications in a particular field. The emission
in the UV region (312-315nm) is widely used for phototherapy lamps. Phototherapy has proven
to be an excellent therapeutic option for the treatment of various types of skin diseases. Moreover,
the emission corresponds to 600-750nm for plant cultivation. The present review article describes
various rare-earth activated phosphors and their impact on human and plant physiology.
Psychological Development of a Child
Authors: Chandra H. Sharath , Raghunath Reddy M.H. , Iyer Vidya
Published: November 2022

Child psychology is an important part of paediatric dentistry, which acts as a
guide for understanding children who are in different stages of physical, mental,
emotional, and social development. Understanding the psychological development of
the child helps in professional recognition of the child’s needs, fear and anxiety at each
stage which helps in better execution of behaviour management techniques. Child
psychology provides an insight into principles of behaviour management that should be
tailor-made for each child for effective and efficient dental treatment. This would
enable the child to have a better and more pleasant dental visit, and also give the
clinician a sense of professional satisfaction and reduce the fatigue in treating an
uncooperative child.
Dental Caries: Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Caries Activity Tests
Authors: Widyarman Armelia Sari , R. Enrita Dian , Fibryanto Eko
Published: November 2022

Oral disease is one of the most significant global health concerns. Oral
diseases have a monetary impact on people in developing countries. Disease can occur
at any age and across a variety of demographic and socioeconomic conditions. Dental
caries is a chronic microbial disease caused by a variety of factors, including the
production of acid by bacteria via carbohydrate fermentation, which causes
demineralization of tooth enamel, eventually leading to the loss of tooth structures and
pulp infection. Caries is caused by an imbalance between tooth minerals and dental
biofilms, which can develop over time in many people. Symptoms of dental caries
begin with tooth pain and cavities and can lead to tooth loss. To prevent disease and
maintain good oral health conditions, caries risk assessment is critical for controlling
the progress of dental caries. Risk assessment is done by performing caries activity
tests. Knowing the etiological factors associated with dental caries is important for
clinicians and patients to prevent the disease from developing or halt its development
and complications.
Development of Dentition and Occlusion in Children
Authors: Kariya Pratik , Dave Bhavna
Published: November 2022

The development of dentition and occlusion is an integral part of
craniofacial growth as the formation, eruption, exfoliation, and exchange of teeth occur
during this period. It is an assimilation of facts, predictions, and studies in static and
dynamic situations, the factors influencing them, and their clinical implications. The
development of dentition and occlusion is a dynamic concept. The first sign of tooth
development appears late in the third week of intrauterine life. An ideal occlusion is the
perfect interdigitation of the upper and lower teeth, which results from a developmental
process consisting of three main events, jaw growth, tooth formation, and eruption.
Development of occlusion starts before the eruption of first teeth in the oral cavity and
lasts lifelong thereafter.
Developmental Disturbances of Oral Structure
Authors: Ray Jay Gopal , Popli Deepika Bablani , Chowdhry Aman , Bhaje Priyanka
Published: November 2022

Childhood developmental disorders have serious adverse impacts on the
psychological and social well-being of children and their families. Despite the burden
that developmental disorders impose on children and adolescents, most countries do
not provide satisfactory care to those in need. These developmental disorders can either
be present as a single finding or as a part of syndrome. This chapter focuses on the
developmental disorders affecting the teeth, tongue, and lip. The spectrum of these
developmental disorders varies widely. In each case, the anomaly is first described,
followed by diagnostic information, including the availability of various treatment
options. Early diagnosis is often crucial for the effective treatment of functional and
developmental aspects. This will improve the prognosis for better functional and
aesthetic outcome for these patients and lead to a better quality of life, not only for the
patients themselves but also for their families.
Lesions of Oral Mucosa
Authors: Ray Jay Gopal , Bhaje Priyanka
Published: November 2022

In children, lesions of the oral mucosa are common, and they can have
various clinical signs such as ulceration, changes in the colour of mucosa or the
presence of nodular lesions. Some lesions are asymptomatic, whereas others are
symptomatic and sometimes even can disturb the routine activities of a child. It is
important that, while evaluating the soft tissue lesions, dentists should be able to
distinguish between normal, pathological conditions and normal anatomical variations.
Sometimes children can present with oral mucosal lesions like those present in adults
with a predisposition for some lesions. It was also observed that most of the common
oral diseases were dental caries and mucosal diseases associated with cancer treatment.
In literature, ere is a scarcity of information about oral lesions in children. This chapter
explains various oral mucosal lesions in children along with their clinical presentation
and management.
Penerapan metode latihan kekuatan pada model periodisasi reverse terhadap peningkatan kemampuan power endurance
Authors: Rosdiana Fitri , Sidik Dikdik Zafar , Rimaya Dery , Nurcahya Yudi
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan metode latihan kekuatan pada model periodisasi reverse terhadap peningkatan kemampuan power endurance. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan One-Group Pretest-Posttest desain. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu mahasiswa kepelatihan olahraga yang berjumlah 15 orang. Sampel penelitian di pilih dengan metode puposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa tes power endurance menggunakan tes hurdle jump. Teknik analisis data menggunakan bantuan software SPSS versi 20. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan pada tes awal rata-rata kemampuan power endurance yaitu 67.8 dengan standar deviasi 7.02, sedangkan pada tes akhir rata-rata kemampuan power endurance yaitu 74.0 dengan standar deviasi 7.20. Berdasarkan data tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa kemampuan rata-rata tes awal dan tes akhir kemampuan power endurance memiliki perbedaan Beradasarkan hasil heasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa model latihan kekuatan pada metode periodisasi reverse dapat memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan kemampuan power endurance. Periodisasi reverse didasarkan pada konsep bahwa volume dan beban dipilih lebih sering untuk memungkinkan sistem neuromuskular periode pemulihan yang lebih singkat, karena beban yang lebih ringan dilakukan lebih sering, berlangsung lebih lama dan diterapkan sampai akhir tahapan.Application of strength training method in reverse periodization to improve power endurance abilityAbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of the application of the strength training method in the reverse periodization model on increasing power endurance abilities. The research method used is experimental research with One-Group Pretest-Posttest design. The sample in this study were 15 students of sports coaching. The research sample was selected by purposive sampling method. The research instrument used was a power endurance test using a hurdle jump test. The data analysis technique used SPSS version 20 software. The results of the data analysis showed that in the initial test the average power endurance ability was 67.8 with a standard deviation of 7.02, while in the final test the average power endurance ability was 74.0 with a standard deviation of 7.20. Based on these data, it can be seen that the average ability of the initial test and the final test of power endurance ability has differences. Reverse periodization is based on the concept that volumes and loads are selected more frequently to allow the neuromuscular system a shorter recovery period, because lighter loads are performed more frequently, last longer and are applied to the end of the stage
Physical conditions of soccer players participating in training during the new normal era
Authors: Limayyasya Ghoirumamnun , Atiq Ahmad , Triansyah Andika , Haetami Mimi , Hidasari Fitri Puspa , Marito Cristine
Published: November 2022

Physical condition is one of the most important things for soccer players. The physical condition should be maintained by soccer players as it is part of the strategy to improve techniques, tactics, or strategies in playing soccer. This study aims to investigate the physical condition of students joining the soccer extracurricular program at 7 State Senior High Schools Pontianak, 8 State Senior High Schools Pontianak, and 9 tate Senior High Schools Pontianak.  In collecting the data, the researchers focused on phenomena, conditions, or certain variables, but hypothesis testing was not done in this research. The number of samples in this research is 60. This research made use of the quantitative descriptive analysis method, and a survey as done to collect the data. In order to show the cumulative results of the data analysis, percentages were used to present the soccer player conditions in terms of flexibility, agility, speed, endurance, and strength. The results of this research show that 42% of the soccer players belong to the Excellent and Very Good categories. Meanwhile, 58% of the players belong to the Good, Fair, and Poor categories. Based on the result, it is indicated that the players' physical conditions need to be improved during this pandemic. It is expected that the results of this research may become a positive input for soccer players and supporters in Pontianak
Helmholtz-Gauss beams with quadratic radial dependence
Authors: Plachenov A. B.  , Dyakova G. N.
Published: November 2022

A new class of localized solutions of paraxial parabolic equation is introduced. Each solution is a product of some Gaussian-type localized axisymmetric function (different from the fundamental mode) and an amplitude factor. The latter can be expressed via an arbitrary solution of the Helmholtz equation on an auxiliary two-sheet complex surface. The class under consideration contains both well known and novel solutions, including those describing optical vortices of various orders. Keywords: parabolic equation, quadratic beams, Gauss, Helmholtz, Bessel.
Pola Pewarisan Crest Ayam (Gallus gallus domesticus, Linnaeus 1758) Backcross Hasil Persilangan Ayam Mahkota dengan Ayam Kampung
Authors: Daryono Budi Setiadi , Puspita Utin Elsya
Published: November 2022

AbstrakMemelihara ayam hias merupakan salah satu kegemaran masyarakat Indonesia dan juga saranameningkatkan pendapatan. Salah satu ayam hias yang unik dan banyak menarik minat pecinta ayam hias adalah ayam Mahkota yang memiliki ciri khas bulu yang tersusun lebat di bagian kepala hingga menutupi mata. Jenis ayam hias tersebut umumnya memiliki kelemahan yaitu daya tahannya yang rendah terhadap penyakit. Ayam Kampung atau ayam buras merupakan ayam lokal asli Indonesia yang memiliki keunggulan yaitu memiliki ketahanan yang lebih tinggi terhadap penyakit dibanding ayam ras. Penggabungan keunikan crest dari ayam Mahkota dan ketahanan terhadap penyakit dari ayam Kampung dapat diwujudkan salah satunya melalui proses backcross (BC). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menyilangkan ayam F Mahkota betina hasil persilangan ayam 1 Mahkota dan ayam Kampung dengan ayam Mahkota jantan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pola pewarisan crest dan pertumbuhan bobot keturunan BC pada umur 7 minggu. Anakan yang dihasilkan diamati perkembangan crest dan pertambahan bobotnya selama 7 minggu, kemudian variasi fenotipnya dianalisis dengan chi square test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 5 kelas fenotip yang berbeda dari 16 individu keturunan BC yang menunjukkan gejala poligen dengan 2 gen yang mempengaruhi dan memenuhi pola pewarisan 1:4:6:4:1.
Analisis Cemaran Staphylococcus aureus pada Gelas, Darah Segar, dan Jamu dengan Ramuan Darah Ular Kobra Jawa (Naja sputatrix)
Authors: Primatika Roza Azizah , Nugroho Widagdo Sri , Abadi Rais Dwi
Published: November 2022

Jamu yang mengandung ramuan darah ular kobra merupakan salah satu jamu tradisional yang dipercaya memiliki banyak khasiat bagi kesehatan tubuh manusia. Di sisi lain belum diketahui seberapa besar cemaran bakteri yang terdapat pada ramuan darah tersebut. Staphylococcus aureus sebagai bakteri yang dapat menyebabkan keracunan pangan dan umumnya terisolasi dari produk makanan. Penelitian ini mengungkap keberadaan Staphylococcus aureus pada jamu darah ular kobra. Penelitian ini menggunakan 10 sampel darah segar ular kobra dan 10 sampel ramuan jamu tradisional dengan darah ular kobra. Isolasi Staphylococcus aureus menggunakan media Vogel Jhonson Agar (VJA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan cemaran Staphylococcus aureus terdeteksi pada swab gelas, darah segar, dan ramuan darah ular kobra. Analisis variansi (ANOVA) darirerata cemaran Staphylococcus aureus menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan antara swab gelas, darah dan ramuan darah ular kobra. Walaupun demikian, jamu yang mengandung darah ular kobra berpotensi mengandung Staphylococcus aureus yang membahayakan konsumen.
Detection of Edwardsiella tarda From African Catfish (Clarias garipienus) by Agar Gel Precipitation (AGP) Method in jambi
Authors: Amanu Surya , Fikar Miftahul , Barmara Rudi
Published: November 2022

For the past few years, Edwardsiella tarda has become major problem in African catfish culture in Jambi. Detection by biochemical characteristic can lead to inaccurate result and there is a necessity to develop more specific and accurate method, one of which is Agar Gel Precipitation (AGP) method. Six samples each were collected from two African catfish farm located in District Sungai Gelam and Telanai Pura in Jambi, which was showed clinical signs of E. tarda outbreak with more than fifty percent mortality rate. Heat stable soluble antigen was prepared from 2 groups of pure culture isolated from sample for AGP test. Antiserum for test wells was antiserum of E. tarda (ATCC 15947) that have been produced by inoculating whole-cell antigen (heat-stable) and flagellar antigen (formalin-killed) in rabbit. For control positive, soluble antigen prepared from E. tarda (ATCC 15947), and control negative from Aeromonas hydophila (ATCC 35654) and Edwardsiella ictaluri (NCIMB 13272). Both antiserums were able to show positive reaction visible by the formation of specific precipitin lines between antiserum and antigen wells, and there was no precipitin reaction for negative control. In conclusion AGP method is a one of reliable technique to identify E. tarda.
Efek Diet Tinggi Kolesterol Terhadap Peningkatan Kolesterol Darah, Gambaran Histopatologi Hati, dan Bobot Badan Kelinci New Zealand White Jantan
Authors: Chahyanto Bibi Ahmad , Rimbawan Rimbawan , Marliyati Sri Anna , Winarsih Wiwin
Published: November 2022

This study was conducted to analyze the high cholesterol diet effect of egg yolk powder toward the increase of blood cholesterol and body weight in male New Zealand White rabbit and learned their liver histophatology figure. The experimental studies with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) used 13 male New Zealand White rabbit aged 6 – 7 months and weight 2,9 – 4,0 kg. Rabbit were divided into 3 groups: group 0 (n=4) given the standard feed, group 1 (n=4) given high cholesterol diet from egg yolk powder, and group 2 (n=5) given high cholesterol diet from egg yolk powder and red palm oil mix. The intervention was implemented for 8 weeks after 4 weeks adaptation period. The results showed that intervention of high cholesterol diet from egg yolk powder significantly increased levels of serum cholesterol and fatty liver, but did not significantly affect body weight of male New Zealand White rabbit.
Prevalensi dan Serovar Penyebab Leptospirosis pada Domba di Kabupaten Kulon Progo
Authors: Mulyani Guntari Titik , Sulistyadi Eko , Kirwanto Antoni , Haryadi Haryadi , Widuri Ambar , Atmojo Tri , Pramundari Anis
Published: November 2022

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease, caused by Leptospira interrogans. A source of transmission in human leptospirosis are rodents, livestock, pets and wild animals. The prevalence of leptospirosis in cattle soon after theoutbreak of leptospirosis in humans that occurs in Kulon Progo district in 2011, reached 3.4% by the various serovar Leptospira. Breeding conditions of the people who still puts cattle and sheep in a single environment which enables transmission of leptospirosis in cattle. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of leptospirosis and identify serovar caused of leptospirosis in sheep in Kulon Progo. A total of 60 sheep were done blood collection from the jugular vein 5 ml, serum was separated for leptospirosis examination with Microscopic Aglutination Test (MAT) which conducted at the Research Center for Veterinary Science, Bogor. Microscopic Aglutination Test carried out on various Leptospira serovar, namely: chterohaemorrhagiae, Javanica, Celledoni, Ballum, Pyogenes, Cynopeteri, Rachmati, Auatralis, Pomona, Canicola, Grippotyphosa, Bataviae, Hardjo, and Tarrasovi. Leptospirosis prevalence rate was calculated by dividing the result by the number of MAT positive samples examined. Serovar types that give a positive agglutination result was serovar that caused leptospirosis in sheep. The results showed that two samples were positive against antigen serovarIchterohaemorrhagiae. Based on these results can be concluded that the prevalence of leptospirosis in sheep in Kulon Progo district were 3.3%. The cause of leptospirosis in sheep in Kulon Progo was Leptospira interrogansIchterohaemorrhagiae serovar.
Daya Hidup Spermatozoa Epididimis Kambing Peranakan Ettawa yang Dipreservasi dengan Pengencer Tris dan Bberbagai Konsentrasi Maltosa
Authors: Rizal Muhammad , Sulistiowati Dwi , Sulaiman Abrani , Herdis Herdis , Sangadji Insun
Published: November 2022

Cauda epididymal spermatozoa could be used as an alternative source of gamete in the application of various reproductive technologies, since the spermatozoa is motile and has ability for fertilizing the oocyte. Theobjective of this research was to examine the effectivity of maltose in maintaining viability of ettawa crossbreed goat epididymal spermatozoa preserved at 3–5oC. Five testis with epididymides of ettawa crossbreed goat were obtained from slaughterhouse. Epididymal spermatozoa was collected by the combination of slicing, flushing and tissues pressure of cauda epididymides with physiological saline (0.9% NaCl). Collected-spermatozoa wasdivided in equal volume into three tubes and diluted with Tris extender containing 20% egg yolk (control), Tris extender + 0.3 g maltose/100 ml (M0.3), and Tris extender + 0.6 g maltose/100 ml (M0.6), respectively. Dilutedspermatozoa was stored in refrigerator at 3–5oC. Quality of diluted-spermatozoa including percentages of motile spermatozoa (MS) and live spermatozoa (LS) were evaluated every day during storage at 3–5oC for four days. Data were analyzed using completely randomized design with three treatments and five replicates. Means were compared significant difference test at 0.05 significant level. Results of this study showed that mean spermatozoaconcentration, percentage of MS, percentage of LS, and percentage of abnormal spermatozoa of ettawa crossbreed goat fresh epididymal spermatozoa were 3,220 million cell/ml, 70%, 81%, and 4.3%, respectively. At day-5 of storage, percentages of MS and LS for M0.3 (38 and 60.4%) and M0.6 (38 and 57.2%) were significantly (P<0.05) higher than control (32 and 55.4%). In conclusion, addition of 0.3 and 0.6% maltose in Tris extender could be maintained viability of ettawa crossbreed goat epididymal spermatozoa preserved at 3–5oC forthree days.
Deteksi Spesies Brucella pada Kambing di Rumah Potong Hewan Jakarta
Authors: Mujiatun Mujiatun , Soejoedono Retno Damajanti , Sudarnika Etih , Noor Susan Maphilindawati
Published: November 2022

Brucellosis is a zoonosis and occupational diseases transmision. The diseases caused by bacterial and attack multiple species of animals. Common species that infects goats as the most pathogenic species (zoonotic) is Brucella melitensis; however, the species B. abortus could also infect goats. The study purposed to find out the brucellosis seropositive in goat in Jakarta slaughterhouse and to detect caused agent of brucellosis. Sampling was done through slaughtered goats that come from brucellosis endemic area. The samples were collected fromslaughtered mature female goats i.e serum, goat milk, vaginal swab, mamary gland, limphoglandula supramamary, limph, and uterus. The detection method was used i.e patological lession, serological, culture and PolymeraseChain Reaction (PCR) technique. The serological detection of brucellosis in goats was done parallelly between Rose Bengal Test (RBT), Complement Fixation Test (CFT) and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The results of this study demonstrated that out of the 119 serum samples serologically tested, negative for RBT, one was positive for CFT and none were positive with ELISA. Patological observation in the Brucella predilection organs, there were 5 goat carcases showed pathological lession (vagina discharge, hemoragy at limphand limphoglandula, crumbly limph and there were pus in uterus). The serum samples that had reacted positively and the organs with pathological lesion were confirmed further with PCR, bacterial isolation and identification.The PCR test results and the culture of milk samples, vaginal swabs and organs did not reveal any Brucella spp bacteria (B. abortus, B. melitensis, B. ovis dan B. suis) and also vaccine strains of RB51. Based on these results, it was concluded that brucellosis in goats on Java Island was a 0.84% seropositive (confidence interval 95%; 0.00826 - 0.00854) (1/119), although the species of Brucella that had infected them remains unknown.
Sonogram Pemeriksaan Kebuntingan Dini pada Kambing Kacang (Capra hircus)
Authors: Santoso Santoso , Amrozi Amrozi , Purwantara Bambang , Herdis Herdis
Published: November 2022

This study was conducted to determine the earliest day of pregnancy diagnosis in kacang goat using transrectal ultrasonography. The goat were synchronized by using prostaglandin in the luteal phase. Pregnancy was determined by isoechogenic visualization surrounded by hypoechogenic. Early pregnancy was detected on days 20 of embryonic vesicle diameter 1.2±0.1 cm. Fetus was detected on days 22 with a long gestation fetus 0.4±0.1 cm. Average increase until days 30 pregnancy was 0.19 ± 0.1 cm per day. Development of fetus was followed by an increasing the diameter and thickness of uterus. The diameter of uterus increased from days 14 (0.8 ± 0.3 cm) until days 30 (3.6 ± 0.2 cm), and thickness of uterus increased from days 14 (0.4 ± 0, 2 cm) until days 30 (1.8 ± 0.2 cm). It could be concluded that the earliest pregnancy diagnosis showed positive sign on days 20 and fetus was earliest observed on days 22.
Studi Distribusi Glukosa Transporter 4 pada Otot Skelet Ayam Kedu Cemani dengan Metode Imunohistokimia Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex
Authors: Budipitojo Teguh , Ariana Ariana , Pangestiningsih Tri Wahyu , Wijayanto Hery , Kusindarta Dwi Liliek , Musana Dewi Kania
Published: November 2022

Glucose Transporter 4 (GLUT 4) merupakan protein transporter glukosa yang diatur oleh insulin, ditemukan terutama di jaringan adiposa dan otot lurik (baik otot skelet maupun otot jantung). Ayam kedu cemani merupakan ayam endemik Indonesia yang terdapat di wilayah Kedu, Temanggung, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini diperlukan untuk melengkapi dokumentasi data anatomi mikroskopik kekayaan hayati asli Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengklarifikasi distribusi GLUT 4 dalam serabut otot skelet ayam kedu dengan metode imunohistokimia avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC). Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan jaringan otot yang meliputi otot pectorales mayor, biceps brachii, dan biceps femoris dari 5 ekor ayam kedu cemani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa immunoreaktivitas GLUT 4 terutama terdeteksi di sarkolema dan komponen miofibril pada otot pectorales mayor, biceps brachii, maupun biceps femoris. Intensitas imunorekatifitasnya meningkat dari intensitas lemah pada otot pectorales mayor, menjadi intensitas sedang pada otot biceps brachii, dan kemudian intensitas kuat pada otot biceps femoris. Hasil penelitian memunculkan dorongan untuk menggali lebih lanjut ciri-ciri khusus ayam kedu cemani lainnya, untuk mendokumentasi data anatomis kekayaan hayati asli Indonesia.
Histopatologis Dugaan Edwardsiella tarda sebagai Penyebab Kematian Ikan Maskoki (Crassius auratus) : Postulat Koch
Authors: Ratnawati Atik , Purwaningsih Uni , . Kurniasih
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT              The aim of the study was to know the influence experimental infection of Edwardsiella tarda  was isolated from sick koi fish (Cryprinus caprio) to the histologic features of liver, kidney, gill, brain, intestine and muscle in Goldfish (Carassius auratus) based on Koch Postulate. Three goldfishes (KK) were used in this reseach. KK was infected by Edwardsiella tarda as much as 0.1ml i.m.. KK1 died on the 4th day and KK2 and KK3 died on the 25th day. All the fishes were then necropsied. The livers, kidneys, gills, brains, intestines and muscles were taken for making the histopathologic preparation. Bacteriologic observation of KK1 was conducted by cultivating the bacteria into Brillliant Green Agar (BGA), Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSI Agar), Urea Agar, Motility Agar, Peptone Broth, sugars and oksidation test.      Result of histopathologic observation showed that there was necrosis, congestion and macrofag limpocytes and neutrophisl infiltrations in the livers,colloid mass and melanomacrofages in the kidney, congestion and proliferation of secondary lamellae, limfosit and macrofag infiltration of the brain, a melanomacrofag of the muscle and the intestine showed there was limphocytes, and macrofages infiltration in the brain, and melanomacrofages in the muscles as well. It was suspected that those bacteria was  Edwardsiella tarda.
Responses of Bones, Kidneys and Parathyroid Glands in Wistar Rats Fed Containing Variation of Phosphor Levels
Authors: . Hartiningsih , Nitisuwirjo Sutjipto , Wuryastuty Hastari
Published: November 2022

Abstract The objective of the research was to study the responses of bones, kidneys and parathyroid glands of calcium homeostasis in the Wistar rats fed containing variation of phosphor levels. Twenty female Wistar rats at 40 days of age were randomly divided into four groups (A, B, C and D) of five each. The group A was fed diet containing Ca:P ratio = 1.5:1 (diet I/control). The ratio of calcium and phosphorus was 1.5:3 (diet II), 1.5:6 (diet III) and 1.5:9 (diet IV) and were given to the rats in groups B, C, and D, respectively. Each of the rats was placed into individual cages. All of rats were fed diet for 12 weeks and water was provided ad libitum. At the end of the study, blood was collected from the heart for calcium and phosphor analysis, while parathyroid glands, kidneys and left femurs were collected and routinely stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histopathological examination. In the present study, the diet containing Ca:P = 1.5:6 caused decrease of blood calcium, whereas the diet containing Ca:P = 1.5:9 caused decrease of blood calcium and increase of blood phosphorus. Histopathological examination of the parathyroid glands of the rats in group A showed normal structure. The parathyroid glands of the rats in groups B, C and D showed vacuoles in principle cells of the parathyroid glands. The increase of the vacuoles in the principle cells of the parathyroid glands was higher than that of rats in groups B, C and D, respectively. Histopathological examination of kidneys of rats in group A showed normal structure, whereas kidneys of rats in groups B and C and D showed metastatic calcification of renale tubules. The kidneys of rats in groups C and D showed metastatic calcification of the inner and outer layers of tubule lumen, atrophy and necrosis in the epithelial cells of renal tubules, fibroblasts proliferation in interstitial cells, and infiltration of mesangial cells. The kidneys of rats in group D showed proliferation in the epithelial cells of the glomeruli as well. Histopathological examination of metaphysis of proximal femurs of rats in group A showed normal structure, whereas metaphysis of proximal femurs of the rats in groups B, C and D had osteoclasts infiltration, and fibroblasts were predominantly seen in the bone cortex. The increase of osteoclasts in the bone cortex in rats in groups B, C and D was higher than that of rats in group A. The fibroblasts proliferation in the bone cortex was higher in rats in groups C and D. Based on the results of the present study, it was concluded that the diet containing Ca:P = 1.5:3 caused decrease of blood calcium and . The diet containing Ca:P = 1.5:6 caused decrease of blood calcium, hyperplasia of parathyroid glands, , acute nephrosis, and fibrous osteodystrophy. The diet containing Ca:P = 1.5:9 caused decrease of  lood calcium and increased of blood phosphorus, hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands, chronic glomerulonephritis and fibrous osteodystrophy.
PENGARUH WARNA CAHAYA TERHADAP AKTIVITAS REPRODUKSI TIKUS PUTIH = THE EFFECTS OF COLOR OF LIGHT TO THE REPRODUCTION ACTIVITY OF WHITE RATS
Authors: Hana Amelia
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian warna cahaya terhadap aktivitas reproduksi tikus putih (Ranus norvegicus). Empat puluh ekor tikus putih jantan dan 20 ekor betina, semuanya umur 21 had., digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Tikus jantan dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok (IA, 11A, II1A, dan IVA) masing-masing- 10 ekor; dan tikus betina dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok (1B, IIB, IIIB, dan IVB) masing-masing 5 ekor. Tikus jantan dipelihara terpisah dengan tikus betina. Setelah adaptasi 6 hari, seluruh tikus ditimbang berat badan awalnya, dan kelompok IA, dan 113 diberi perlakuan cahaya putih (410 luks), I1A dan IIB cahaya biru (380 luks), IIIA dan 111B cahaya kuning (320 luks), dan IVA, dan IVB cahaya hijau (580 luks) setiap 12 jam sehari selama 30 hari. Setelah had ke-30 seluruh tikus ditimbang berat badannya dan setiap kelompok tikus jantan diambil 5 ekor dibunuh dan dinekropsi. Testis ditimbang dan dilakukan pengamatan morfologi, motilitas, persentase spermatozoa yang hidup, dan pH semen. Tikus betina yang estrus dikawinkan dengan tikus jantan, diamati lama kebuntingan dan jumlah anak yang dilahirkan. Berdacarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa lama pemberian cahaya yaitu 12 jam sehari selama 30 hari menyebabkan kualitas spermatozoa baik; sedangkan warna cahaya biru memperpendek masa kebuntingan dan meningkatkan jumlah anak sekelahiran dibandingkan 3 kelompok yang lain.
A Life Table of Spodoptera litura Fabr. with Different Artificial Diets
Authors: Lestari Sri , Ambarningrum Trisnowati Budi , Pratiknyo Hery
Published: November 2022

Abstract Sustainable insect supply is a routine activity in research of pest control, experimental insecticide bioassay, entomophatogen, parasitoid, and nature of competitor. Armyworm (Spodoptera litura Fabr.) is one of the alternative test insect. A mass rearing method is required to provide high demands of S. litura. A life table of insect is regularly used to study several biological parameters including the net reproduction rate of population (Ro), the mean length of life period in one generation (T), reproduction potential value of one generation from a population (rm), and the potential of a population to multiply in one generation (ë). The aim of this study were to asses the development time and reproduction potential of S. litura which different of artificial diets. Results showed that S. litura on artificial diet in recipe of Singh and Moore is T = 29,90, R = 2692,33, r = 0,26, ë = 1,29, o m whereas artificial diet in recipe of Waldbauer et al. is 32,29, R = 891,99, r = 0,21, ë = 1,23. o m
Penilaian Risiko Kualitatif Masuk dan Tersebarnya Rabies pada Anjing ke Kota Sorong Provinsi Papua Barat
Authors: Kurniawan Muchammad Taufik , Susetya Heru , Sumiarto Bambang
Published: November 2022

The rabies outbreaks of Indonesia in these two decades tends to spread faster to other islands/regions. Trade trafficking and people's habits of carrying dogs between islands are contributing factor that triggers rabies cases in Provinces previously free of rabies. This study aims to qualitative risk assessment entry and spread of rabies in dogs into Sorong City of West Papua Province. Methods of collecting primary data obtained from expert opinions, questionnaires, interviews, and direct observation in the field. Secondary data is taken through search of scientific publications, surveillance results, unpublished data in the form of reports, and documents from authorized agencies. The results of study showed that release assessment was high, the incidence of rabies in dogs was 52%, and 180 cases of rabies in humans (lyssa) in Sulawesi, Maluku and North Maluku. The exposure assessment was high based on the presence of rabies transmite animal (RTA) traffic from endemic areas, 58% dogs, 38% cats, and 4% apes from Java 68% (Surabaya 50%, Jakarta 18%), Sulawesi 10% (Manado and Bitung), Maluku 14% (Ambon) and North Maluku 8% (Ternate). The consequence assessment is high because there is a single impact that is categorized as nationally significant. The estimated risk of getting into rabies is high. The potential pathways used in RTA traffic to Sorong City is by sea at 89.3% and air at 10.7%. The results of the study concluded that the qualitative risk assessment of entry and spread of rabies in dogs to the Sorong City of West Papua Province was high. All risk assessments have low uncertainty.
Kajian Molekuler Daerah D-Loop Parsial Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) Mitokondria Kuda (Equus caballus) Asli Priangan
Authors: . Yuriadi , Widayanti Rini , Haryanto Aris , Artama Wayan Tunas
Published: November 2022

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Physical Characteristic Change Due To Difference of Age, Muscle Type, Cooking Time and Temperature Combination Native Chicken Meat
Authors: Winarso Djoko
Published: November 2022

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Efek Ransum Kolesterl Tinggi terhadap Rasio Oksidan dan Antioksidan pada Tikus Sprague Dawley
Authors: Mulyani Guntari Titik , Wuryastuti Hastari
Published: November 2022

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Kontrol Kualitas Mikrobiologis Sarang Burung Walet (Collocalia Sp.) melalui Karantina Hewan Juanda, Surabaya
Authors: Oktorina Retno , Indarjuliaanto Soedarmanto , . Soejartiningsih , . Isnaeni , . Wasito
Published: November 2022

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THE EFFECT OF PROGESTERONE INTRAVAGINAL DEVICE AND GONADOTROPIN RELEASING HORMONE ON FERTILITY IN POSTPARTUM DAIRY COWS
Authors: Gusti NP Widyana I , Hartantyo Sri , Mberato Yanober
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT The study was carried out to determine the effect of progesterone intravaginal devices and gonadotropin releasing hormone on fertility in postpartum dairy cows. Thirty two postpartum dairy cows having body condition score 3 – 4 were used in this study. The cows were devided randomly into 4 groups. Group I (CIDR 9 d), lI (CIDR 9 d + GnRH), DI (CIDR 15 (1), and IV (CIDR 15 d + GnRH). The GnRH was given at the time of insemination. The result of this study showed that the retention of CIDR devices and estrous induction was 100%. Estrous induction recorded on groups I, 11, BI and IV were 49.50 ± 1.51 ; 49.25 ± 1.67 ; 48.75 ± 1.28 ; 48.25 ± 1.04 hours, respectively. The pregnancy rate on groups I, II, III, and IV were 62.5 % ; 75.0 % 50.0 % ; 62.5 % respectively, no significantly different between groups (P>0.05). However, the mean milk progesterone concentration which take on day 7 of group II, had significantly higher (P< 0.05) than the other groups. It can be concluded that progesterone intravaginal devices and administration of GnRH at the time of AI could be used for induction of estrous and ovulation in dairy cows. Key word: Progesterone, GnRH, Fertility, Postpasrtum Dairy Cows
The Influence of Cellupract AS100 Enzyme Treathment to Ricebran and Cotton Seed Mealon Chemical Composition, Energy Content and In Vitro Digestibilityt
Authors: Bata M , Suwandyastuti S.N.O. , Chakeredza S. , Thinggaard G. , Meulen U Ter
Published: November 2022

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INFEKSI NEMATODA GASTROINTESTINAL PADA ORANGUTAN (Pongo pygmaeus)DI ICEBUN BINATANG GEMBIRA LOKA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Rianawati . , Prastowo Joko
Published: November 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang infeksi nematoda gastrointestinal pada orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) di Kebun Binatang Gembira Loka Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui garnbaran infeksi nematoda gastrointestinal dengan melakukan inventarisasi cacing tersebut di Kebun Binatang Gembira Loka Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel tinja dan 13 ekor orangutan seminggu sekali selama 8 minggu dan diperiksä dengan metode natif, sentrifus dan Mc. Master. Telur cacing diidentifikasi berdasar bentuk dan ukuran, serta dihitung jumlahnya setiap gram tinja. Gejala klinis yang diarnati adalah kondisi tubuh seperti berat badan, aktivitas, nafsu makan dan bentuk tinja. Basil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua orangutan di Kebun Binatang Gembira Loka Yogyakarta terinfeksi cacing Strongyloides fitelleborni dan 2 ekor orangutan terinfeksi cacing Trichuris trichiura. Dengan analisis t-test dibuktikan bahwa tidak ada penganih yang nyata antara jenis kelamin dan tipe kandang dengan kejadian nematodiasis pada orangutan. Infeksi yang ditimbulkan oleh cacing Strongyloides fuellehorni cukup berat hingga menimbulkan gejala klinis diare, nafsu makan turun, lemah dan lesu, sedangkan infeksi oleh Trichuris trichiura tergolong ringan. Kata kunci : nematoda gastrointestinal, orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus), gembira loka
Duration of Persistence of Onchocerca Gibsoni DNA in cattle Blood
Authors: Fahrial Yudha , Catmul Julian , Copeman Bruce
Published: November 2022

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Isolasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri dari Ayam Broiler yang menunjukkan Gejala Penyakit Respirasi
Authors: Untari Tri
Published: November 2022

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The Effect of Thawing Temperature on Sperm Quality of Friesian Holstein Bulls
Authors: Utami Tri , Topianong Tarsisius Considus
Published: November 2022

The percentage of sperm motility and morphology are important criteria in evaluating the quality of sperm before it is used for artificial insemination (AI). This study was conducted to observe post thawing motility and abnormal morphology of spermatozoa Friesian Holstein (FH). The materials were used 10 straws of FH bulls in the form of 0.25 ml. A total of 10 straws then divided into two treatment groups of  thawing  in water at 37°C and water 8°C, respectively. An examination of the motility and morphology of spermatozoa abnormalities performed every two hours for two times. Calculating the percentage of sperm motility was done by calculating the percentage of spermatozoa moving forward in the field of view under a microscope with a magnification of 10x. the percentage of abnormal spermatozoa was  assessed by William's stain. Spermatozoa morphology was observed by using a microscope magnification of 100x. Abnormalities of spermatozoa were calculated from a total of 200 spermatozoa, either normal or abnormal. At the same thawing time, the motility of FH cattle sperms post thawing in water temperature 37°C had a higher preference than that of post thawing in water temperature 8°C, although it was not significantly different (P > 0.05).  Based on morphological aspects, frozen semen used in this study is within the tolerance limit for the total percentage of abnormal sperm morphology between 12% to 23% and normal morphology between 70% to 88%.