bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Navigation Based on Metric Route Information in Places Where the Mobile Robot Visits for the First Time
Authors: Handa Asahi ,   Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Suzuki Azumi , Date Hisashi , Mitsudome Ryohsuke , Tsubouchi Takashi , Ohya Akihisa
Published: April 2019

In this study, we propose a navigation system that guides a robot at a location visited for the first time, without developing a map in advance. First, it estimates the position of a path that exists on the local map by matching the metric route information and the local map generated by simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM); this is achieved by using a particle filter. Then, the robot travels to the destination along the estimated route. In this system, the geometric accuracy of the route information specified in advance and the accuracy of the map generated by SLAM are essential. Furthermore, it is necessary to recognize the traversable area. The experiment performed verifies the matching of the route information and local map. In the autonomous running experiment, we conduct a trial run on a course set up at the University of Tsukuba.
Self-Localization Estimation for Mobile Robot Based on Map-Matching Using Downhill Simplex Method
Authors: Okawa Kazuya ,   Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
Published: April 2019

This paper describes a map-matching method which utilizes a downhill simplex method for self-localization estimation of a mobile robot for indoor and outdoor application. Although particle filter is widely established as a method of map-matching, it requires considerable time for recovery when the correct position is unidentifiable. One of the features of the downhill simplex method proposed in this paper is that the search point distribution is wide when it is challenging to determine a point as the correct position. However, it immediately shrinks when the correct position is identified. In this study, it is compared with particle filter and demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method through a discussion on the difference between the search methods.
Development of a Cross-Platform Cockpit for Simulated and Tele-Operated Excavators
Authors: Ito Masaru , Funahara Yusuke , Saiki Seiji , Yamazaki Yoichiro , Kurita Yuichi ,   Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan,   Global Engineering Center, Kobelco Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. 2-2-1 Itsukaichikou, Saeki-ku, Hiroshima 731-5161, Japan
Published: April 2019

Japan’s construction industry has a shortage of workers and skilled operators, and the number of operators of hydraulic excavators has actually been decreasing. In addition, the operation of hydraulic excavators is complicated and non-intuitive, so learning and maintaining the skill requires a considerable amount of time and experience. One technology that could solve this problem is the tele-operated hydraulic excavator, but the most common type of tele-operated system is difficult for ordinary hydraulic excavator operators to use. The introduction of operation simulators would be effective, but simulators have to be large and expensive if the interface is reproduced in life size. In this paper, we propose a cross-platform system for operating not only a tele-operated hydraulic excavator but also a hydraulic excavator operation simulator. The cross-platform system uses a tele-operated cockpit with feedback and an interface that gives the operator the sensation of sitting in an actual hydraulic excavator. The cockpit consists of a three-dimensional visual information system using stereo videos and a head mounted display, a motion simulator seat that reproduces the vibration and tilting of the operator’s seat of a hydraulic excavator, and a lever unit used in actual hydraulic excavators. With the cross-platform system, an actual hydraulic excavator can be remotely controlled, and the same cockpit can also be used as a training simulator. One can therefore use the system as an inexpensive means of acquiring and maintaining operation skills. We have successfully produced this proposed system and checked its functions, confirming that it works practically.
Deformation Control of a Manipulator Based on the Zener Model
Authors: Senoo Taku ,   Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan, Murakami Kenichi , Ishikawa Masatoshi
Published: April 2019

In this study, passive dynamic control of a manipulator is designed and realized. According to the control strategy, the shift in the position and orientation of an end effector attributable to an external force is regarded as deformation of the robot. The Zener model, known as a standard linear solid model, is used to generate the deformable behavior, which describes the combination of plastic and elastic deformation. Based on the relation analysis between the Zener model and two other deformable models, two types of control methods are proposed in terms of the model’s expression. Physical simulations with a robotic arm are executed to validate the proposed control laws.
A Driving Simulation Study on Visual Cue Presented in the Peripheral Visual Field for Prompting Driver’s Attention
Authors: Takahashi Hiroshi , Itoh Makoto ,   Shonan Institute of Technology 1-1-25 Tsujido-Nishikaigan, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8511, Japan,   University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
Published: April 2019

This paper proposes a method for prompting drivers’ spatial attention by presenting visual cue in their peripheral visual field. Computer-generated images of forward-facing driving scenes were projected on a screen 6 m wide and 1.8 m high, with a 140° viewing angle. The gaze movement of subjects was measured when hazardous events were presented, such as cardboard boxes collapsing onto the road or a child running out into the road. The task defined for the subjects was to detect visual cue presented in their central visual field while observing the driving scene in front of them. A preceding visual cue was presented in the right and left visual fields, at a visual angle of 10° to 40°, for 1–5 s in advance of the visual cue presented in the center of the visual field. The detection time for the visual cue in the central visual field was then measured. The results of the experiments conducted with six subjects revealed two types of gaze movement patterns with respect to a hazardous event. In one type, the subjects broadly captured the overall scene without shifting their gaze markedly; in the other type, the subjects sequentially scanned the scene and fixed their gaze on the hazardous event when it occurred. The former type tended to be seen in subjects with long driving experience. It was also found that presenting visual cue in the peripheral visual field quickened recognition of the visual cue in the central visual field. By varying the viewing angle at which the preceding cue was presented in the peripheral visual field and the time interval between the presentation of the preceding cue and the detection cue in the central visual field, conditions were found for assisting prompt detection of the latter visual cue.
Synchronous Position Control of Robotics System for Infrastructure Inspection Moving on Rope Tether
Authors: Sarieva Makpal ,   Graduate School of Engineering, Kanagawa University 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan, Yao Lei , Sugawara Kei , Egami Tadashi
Published: April 2019

Most bridges, tunnels, dams, and other infrastructure facilities were constructed in the 1950s to 1960s. At present, aging in these facilities is a social problem. Most of the maintenance check-ups of these infrastructure facilities are manually conducted by close visual inspection, which has limitations. As a result, there have been many proposals on inspection systems for unmanned infrastructure facilities, such as drones and cable robots. However, there are also problems with the use of cable robots and drones, such as restrictions in places that they can be used and effects from the environment. Thus, this study proposes a robotics system for infrastructure inspection that solves such problems. Two robots move on parallel ropes stretching in an H shape, and one robot with a three-dimensional gimbal and camera moves on a rope stretching between those robots. At this time, the three robots are capable of efficient, highly accurate wide-ranging observation by carrying out synchronous position control using wireless communication. The control system has optimum synchronous position capabilities and uses a disturbance observer. Regarding this infrastructure inspection robotics system, this study discusses the development of three mobile robotics systems and the synchronous position control of two robots.
Metastasis of breast carcinoma to trigeminal nerve with numb chin syndrome: a case report and literature review
Authors: Lian Ya Hui , Kong De Zheng , Wang Lin Jing , Wang Chun Mei , Meng Yang Yang , Zhou Hong Wei
Published: April 2019

Background

In general, common metastatic pathways for breast carcinoma include lung, liver, and bone. Described herein is a rare case of breast carcinoma metastasis to the trigeminal nerve. And numb chin syndrome(NCS) has a certain suggestive effect on the recurrence or progression of cancer patients.

Case presentation

a 54-year-old Chinese female was admitted to our hospital for progressive anaesthesia of the lower left lip and chin. She was diagnosed as breast ductal carcinoma 9 years ago. The brain MRI demonstrated dumbbell-shaped involvement of left trigeminal nerve which extended to left temporal lobe. Then we treated patient with radiotherapy, the patient’s numbness relieved rapidly.

Conclusion

After review and analysis of the case, we found numb chin syndrome (NCS) is a “red flag” symptom of malignancy.1 When cancer patients develop numb chin syndrome(NCS), we need to be alert to the possibility of distant metastasis. This case also suggests that clinicians should pay attention to the possibility of breast cancer metastasis to the trigeminal nerve.
Pituitary apoplexy accompanying temporal lobe epilepsy as a complication: case report
Authors: Shijo Katsunori , Yoshimura Sodai , Mori Fumi , Yamamuro Shun , Sumi Koichiro , Oshima Hideki , Yoshino Atsuo
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background: Pituitary apoplexy is an acute clinical syndrome caused by infarction and/or hemorrhage of pituitary adenoma, which typically presents with severe headache, visual deterioration, and endocrine abnormalities. However, temporal lobe epileptic seizure has not been viewed as a symptom of pituitary apoplexy in the literature.
Case presentation: To elucidate further such a rare complication of temporal lobe epilepsy, we describe here the rare clinical manifestations of a 55-year-old previously healthy male with pituitary apoplexy harboring headache, combined palsies involving cranial nerves III to VI, endocrinologic disturbances, and temporal lobe epilepsy. In addition, we discuss the temporal lobe epilepsy of pituitary adenoma based on the literature.
Conclusion: Although further accumulation of clinical data is needed, we would like to emphasize the importance of recognition of temporal lobe epilepsy due to pituitary apoplexy, and suggest that early surgery should be considered as an option in patients with such a rare complication.
Investigation of muscle transcriptomes using gradient boosting machine learning identifies molecular predictors of feed efficiency in growing pigs
Authors: Messad Farouk , Louveau Isabelle , Koffi Basile , Gilbert Hélène , Gondret Florence
Published: April 2019

Background
Improving feed efficiency (FE) is a major challenge in pig production. This complex trait is characterized by a high variability. Therefore, the identification of predictors of FE may be a relevant strategy to reduce phenotyping efforts in breeding and selection programs. The aim of this study was to investigate the suitability of expressed muscle genes in prediction of FE traits in growing pigs. The approach considered different transcriptomics experiments to cover a large range of FE values and identify reliable predictors.

Results

Microarrays data were obtained from longissimus muscles of two lines divergently selected for residual feed intake (RFI). Pigs (n = 71) from three experiments belonged to generations 6 to 8 of selection, were fed either a diet with a standard composition or a diet rich in fiber and lipids, received feed ad libitum or at restricted level, and weighed between 80 and 115 kg at slaughter. For each pig, breeding value for RFI (RFI-BV) was estimated, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) and energy-based feed conversion ratio (FCRe) were calculated during the test periods. Gradient boosting algorithms were used on the merged muscle transcriptomes to identify very important predictors of FE traits. About 20,405 annotated molecular probes were commonly expressed in longissimus muscle across experiments. Six to 267 expressed muscle genes covering a variety of biological processes were found as important predictors for RFI-BV (R2=0.63-0.65), FCR (R2=0.61-0.70) and FCRe (R2=0.49-0.52). The error of prediction was less than 8% for FCR. Altogether, 56 predictors were common to RFI-BV and FCR. Expression levels of 24 target genes were further measured by qPCR. Linear regression confirmed the good accuracy of combining mRNA levels of these genes to fit FE traits (RFI-BV: R2=0.73, FRC: R2=0.76; FCRe: R2=0.75). Stepwise regression procedure highlighted 10 genes (FKBP5, MUM1, AKAP12, FYN, TMED3, PHKB, TGF, SOCS6, ILR4, and FRAS1) in a linear combination predicting FCR and FCRe. In addition, FKBP5 and expression levels of five other genes (IGF2, SERINC3, CSRNP3, EZR and RPL16) significantly contributed to RFI-BV.

Conclusion
It was possible to identify few genes expressed in muscle that might be reliable predictors of feed efficiency.
Advancing Clinical Cohort Selection with Genomics Analysis on a Distributed Platform
Authors: Smith Jaclyn Marjorie , Lathara Melvin , Wright Hollis , Hill Brian , Ganapati Nalini , Sriniv Ganapati , Denny Christopher T
Published: April 2019

Background

The affordability of next-generation genomic sequencing and the improvement of medical data management have contributed largely to the evolution of biological analysis from both a clinical and research perspective. Precision medicine is a response to these advancements that places individuals into better-defined subsets based on shared clinical and genetic features. The identification of personalized diagnosis and treatment options is dependent on the ability to draw insights from large-scale, multi-modal analysis of biomedical datasets. Driven by a real use case, we premise that platforms that support precision medicine analysis should maintain data in their optimal data stores, should support distributed storage and query mechanisms, and should scale as more samples are added to the system.

Results

We extended a genomics-based columnar data store, GenomicsDB, for ease of use within a distributed analytics platform for clinical and genomic data integration, known as the ODA framework. The framework supports interaction from an i2b2 plugin as well as a notebook environment. We show that the ODA framework exhibits worst-case linear scaling for array size (storage), import time (data construction), and query time for an increasing number of samples. We go on to show worst-case linear time for both import of clinical data and aggregate query execution time within a distributed environment.

Conclusions

This work highlights the integration of a distributed genomic database with a distributed compute environment to support scalable and efficient precision medicine queries from a HIPAA-compliant, cohort system in a real-world setting. The ODA framework is currently deployed in production to support precision medicine exploration and analysis from clinicians and researchers at UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine.
Nutritional intakes and associated factors among tuberculosis patients: a community-based cross-sectional study in China
Authors: ren zhewen , Zhao Fei , Chen Hui , Hu Dongmei , Yu Wentao , Xu Xiaoli , Lin Dingwen , Luo Fuyi , Fan Yueling , Wang Haijun , Cheng Jun , Zhao Liyun
Published: April 2019

Objectives

This study evaluated nutrient intakes of tuberculosis (TB) patients and examine their associated factors.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, 300 adult TB patients were enrolled in two poverty counties in China. Nutrient intakes were evaluated through two consecutive 24-h dietary recalls and compared with the Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) 2013. Corresponding information for local general population was derived from 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey.

Results

The mean daily energy and protein intakes of TB patients were below Recommend Nutrient Intake (RNI) and Adequate Intake (AI) in both genders, and intakes of many micronutrients, except for vitamin E and sodium, were insufficient. Compared with those for local general population, TB patients’ intakes of all the macronutrients and micronutrients were lower (p<0.05) except total fat. In addition, Proportions of people with lower macronutrient or micronutrient intakes were higher in TB patients than in general population except for Vitamin E intake. Being unemployed was a risk factor for low energy intake and higher household income level was a protective factor (p<0.05), and out-home-eating was a protective factor for low protein intake (p<0.01).

Conclusions

In poor areas in China, the intakes of macronutrients and most micronutrients in TB patients were less than in general population, and were inadequate compared with DRIs, especially unemployed patients and patients with low household income level, suggesting the importance of health promotion to TB patients about significance of nutrition and further interventions in TB patients’ nutritional intakes.
Performance and Impact of GeneXpert MTB/RIF® and Loopamp MTBC Detection Kit® Assays on Tuberculosis Case Detection in Madagascar
Authors: Rakotosamimanana Niaina , Lapierre Simon Grandjean , Raharimanga Vaomalala , Raherison Mamy Serge , Knoblauch Astrid , Raherinandrasana Antso , Rakotoson Andrianantenaina , Rakotonirina Julio , Rasolofo Voahangy
Published: April 2019

Background

Tuberculosis rapid molecular assays, including GeneXpert MTB/RIF® and Loopamp MTBC Detection Kit®, are highly sensitive and specific. Such performance does not automatically translate in improved disease control and highly depends on their use, local epidemiology and the diagnostic algorithms they’re implemented within. We evaluate the performance of both assays and assess their impact on additional cases notification when implemented within WHO recommended tuberculosis diagnostic algorithms in Madagascar.

Methods

548 presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis patients were prospectively recruited between November 2013 and December 2014 in Antananarivo, Madagascar, a high TB incidence sub-Saharan African urban setting. Both molecular assays were evaluated as first line or add-on testing following negative smear microscopy. Based on locally defined assay performance characteristics and using country National Tuberculosis Control Program data, we measure the impact of both assays and WHO-recommended diagnostic algorithms on additional tuberculosis case notifications at national level.

Results

High sensitivity and specificity was confirmed for both GeneXpert MTB/RIF® (86.6% (95% CI 81.1-90.7%) and 97.4% (95% CI 94.9-98.8%)) and Loopamp MTBC Detection Kit® (84.6% (95% CI 78.9-89.0%) and 98.4% (95% CI 96.2-99.4%)). Implementation of GeneXpert MTB/RIF® and Loopamp MTBC Detection Kit® increased tuberculosis diagnostic algorithms sensitivity from 73.6% (95% CI 67.1-79.3%) up to 88.1% (95% CI 82.8-91.9%). This increase was highest when molecular assays were used as add-on testing following negative smear microscopy. As add-on testing, GeneXpert MTB/RIF® and Loopamp MTBC Detection Kit® respectively improved case detection by 23.8% and 21.2% (p<0.05) corresponding to 5375 and 4788 potential additional case per year at national level.

Conclusion

Including GeneXpert MTB/RIF® or Loopamp MTBC Detection Kit® molecular assays for TB detection on sputum samples from presumptive TB cases can significantly increase case notification in TB diagnostic centers. The TB case detection rate is further increased when those tests are use as second-line follow-on testing following negative smear microscopy results. A country wide scale-up and digital integration of molecular-based TB diagnosis assays shows promises for TB control in Madagascar.
A combined strategy for postoperative patients with central nervous system infections caused by XDR/PDR Acinetobacter baumannii: a retrospective study
Authors: Chang Jianbo , Chen Yihao , Wang He , Ma Xiaojun , Zhang Xiao , Wu Hao , Ma Baitao , Zuo Wei , Wang Renzhi , Ma Wenbin , Wei Jun-ji
Published: April 2019

Background
Postoperative central nervous system infections (PCNSIs) caused by extensively drug-resistant (XDR) or pandrug-resistant (PDR) Acinetobacter baumannii are rare but intractable problems. To investigate a potential combined strategy to treat AB organisms that are resistant to not only meropenem but also colistin.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed cerebrospinal fluid positive culture isolates of AB in patients who underwent neurosurgery. Medical records were collected by standard forms and analyzed.
Results
16 patients met the criteria and most patients were middle-aged men who had undergone craniotomy or endonasal transsphenoidal surgery. 68.8% AB isolates were XDR bacteria, and 18.8% isolates were PDR bacteria. 12 patients were treated by meropenem-based regimen strategy. Another 4 patients were administered tetracycline-based regimens. 93.8% patients were treated with therapeutic drainage, and strict hygiene rules were followed. Finally, 12 patients survived their infections, and the average Glasgow Outcome Scale score was 2.9±1.4 at discharge. And the mortality rates of carbapenem-resistant AB (CRAB) were 8.3%.
Conclusions
PCNSIs caused by XDR/PDR AB are a rare and serious complication. Combined therapy based on the individual situation, including appropriate antimicrobial agents, surgical management and strict hygiene management, might be an effective therapeutic strategy.
Le codesign d’une plateforme numérique fondé sur des principes au service de l’agentivité des enseignantes et des enseignants en contexte de développement professionnel | Co-Design of a Digital Platform Based on Principles Supporting Teachers’ Agency in the Context of Professional Development
Authors: Deschênes Michelle , Laferrière Thérèse
Published: April 2019

Les enseignantes et les enseignants du collégial partagent avec les établissements d’enseignement la responsabilité de leur développement professionnel. Cet article a trait au codesign d’une plateforme numérique au service de l’agentivité des enseignants en situation de développement professionnel. Le processus de codesign a inclus le repérage des freins au développement professionnel ainsi que l’identification des buts de niveau motivationnel. Les résultats mettent l’accent sur les buts fonctionnels et opérationnels qui permettent de soutenir les buts de niveau motivationnel.College teachers share with educational institutions the responsibility for their professional development. This article deals with the co-design of a digital platform supporting teachers’ agency in the context of their professional development. The co-design process included the identification of barriers to professional development, as well as the identification of goals at the motivational level. Results emphasize the functional and operational goals supporting motivational goals.
From studio practice to online design education: Can we teach design online? | De l’enseignement pratique en studio à l’enseignement en ligne : peut-on enseigner le design en ligne ?
Authors: Fleischmann Katja
Published: April 2019

Digital technology is reshaping the way higher education subjects are taught, including design. Various design disciplines use studio teaching as a pedagogy to educate students for professions in art and design. Studio teaching bases a high premium on face-to-face interactions which guide learning through dialogue and feedback on individual work. Many design educators believe it is difficult or even impossible to teach design online because of studio-based interactions. Is design one of those disciplines that cannot be taught online because of the studio culture? This study explores that question by investigating the effectiveness of teaching design subjects that employ a virtual classroom to manage peer-to-peer critiques, instructor feedback, and assignments. Twenty-eight first-year students participated in two online design subjects that required them to interact with fellow students and the design instructor via a Learning Management System. The experienced benefits and challenges of students and instructors are presented, and future research is highlighted.La technologie numérique transforme la façon dont sont enseignées les disciplines de l’éducation postsecondaire, y compris le design. Différentes branches du design se servent de l’enseignement en studio comme pédagogie permettant de former les étudiants pour les métiers des arts et du design. L’enseignement en studio accorde une importance considérable aux interactions en personne qui orientent l’apprentissage par l’entremise du dialogue et de la rétroaction offerte sur le travail individuel. De nombreux enseignants de design croient qu’il est difficile, voire impossible, d’enseigner le design en ligne à cause des interactions en studio. Le design est-il l’une de ces disciplines que l’on ne peut pas enseigner en ligne à cause de la culture des studios? Cette étude explore la question en investiguant l’efficacité de sujets qui étudient le design à l’aide d’une salle de classe virtuelle, qui sert à gérer les critiques entre les pairs, les rétroactions de l’instructeur, ainsi que les travaux à effectuer. Vingt-huit étudiants de première année ont pris part à deux cours de design en ligne qui exigeaient d’eux qu’ils interagissent avec leurs camarades et avec l’instructeur par l’entremise d’un système de gestion de l'apprentissage. Les avantages et les défis dont les étudiants et les instructeurs ont fait l’expérience sont présentés, et des pistes sont proposées pour des études futures.
Empirical evidence of market reactions based on signaling theory in Indonesia stock exchange
Authors: Puspitaningtyas Zarah
Published: April 2019

Signaling theory assumes that it is necessary to signal investors to how they perceive company’s prospects. One of them is dividend announcements. The announcement of dividends is predicted to be a signal for investors in the investment decision making process. This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of dividend announcements, both increases and decreases in dividends, on stock returns. This study is intended to find empirical evidence about market reactions based on signaling theory in Indonesia Stock Exchange on the period 2017. The analysis of this study uses the event study method and hypothesis testing carried out using different test paired sample t-test. The results of this study prove that the market reacts to the announcement of dividends. The market reaction is indicated by the value of abnormal returns, namely abnormal returns in the positive direction when the announcement of dividend increased and abnormal returns in the negative direction when the announcement of dividend decreased. The value of abnormal returns in a positive direction reflects the company’s performance in good condition, and vice versa. This result indicates that dividend announcements are a signal and contain information relevant to investors in the investment decision making process.
Results of surgical treatment of patients with Meniere’s disease
Authors: Svistushkin V. M. , Morozova S. V. , Varosyan E. G. , Mukhamedov I. T. , Bidanova D. B.
Published: April 2019

The study analyzed the clinical effect of the surgical treatment of 25 patients with Meniere’s disease, 20 of which underwent endolymphatic sac drainage and five of which underwent vestibular neurectomy via translabyrinthine approach. The methods of surgical treatment are described and their advantages and disadvantages. The authors proposed an algorithm for the surgical rehabilitation of patients with Meniere’s disease.
Experience of application of topichesky naturopathic means for patients with ent pathology
Authors: Nikiforova G. N. , Svistushkin V. M. , Karapetian L. S.
Published: April 2019

Post-traumatic reactive changes in the area of ENT-organs can cause cosmetic defects, contribute to the development of infectious and inflammatory processes. The formation of limited edema and bruising is natural after certain even adequately performed surgical interventions. In clinical practice, the question arises of the effective and safe use of local drugs that have anti-inflammatory, anti-edema and analgesic effects to accelerate the course of post-traumatic reactive processes. Naturopathic agents have high safety, sufficiently pronounced anti-inflammatory, analgesic and reparative effect. The drug based on arnica mountain (Arnica montana) is a unique topical drug that only contains fresh Arnica plants in a concentration of 7% TM. Efficiency and high safety of this drug allows us to recommend it for the treatment of bruises and hematomas of the skin in the area of ENT-organs, including after surgical interventions.
Modern aspects of treatment of allergic rhinitis
Authors: Shabanov D. V. , Fedoseeva V. N.
Published: April 2019

The importance of allergic diseases is due to their increasing prevalence in both developed and developing countries. The prevalence of allergic diseases in most countries of the world is 10–30% among urban and rural population. In the regions of Russia, the prevalence of allergic diseases reaches 19–40% among the adult population and over 27% among children and adolescents. The article deals with the main aspects of the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis as the most common allergic pathology. The features of antihistamine therapy with modern drugs of the 2nd generation and their influence on the links of the inflammatory process are considered. The data of studies of the effectiveness and safety of the original drug bilastine. Given the use cases bilastine in clinical practice.
Evaluation of influence several drugs with local antimicrobial activity against local immunity cells
Authors: Salmasi J. M. , Kazimirsky A. N. , Antonova E. A. , Poryadin G. V.
Published: April 2019

Currently in clinical practice widely used drugs local antimicrobial drugs such as Tantum Verde (benzydamine) Tantum Rosa (benzydamine) Miramistin (benzyldimethyl-miristoilamino-propylammonium) Hexoral (hexetidin), chlorhexidine (chlorhexidine), Septolete total (benzydamine + cetylpyridinium chloride). The mechanism of action of these very similar. We evaluated the effect of these drugs on the viability of lymphoid tissue cells and their effect on the neutrophilic part of the immune system, which are the most important factors of local immunity and, at the same time, part of the immune system which is responsible for innate immunity. We used peripheral blood from 6 healthy donors and 6 patients with inflammatory diseases (abscess of the abdominal cavity). Evaluation of the viability of lymphocytes was performed in a test using trypan blue. The functional state of neutrophils was performed in a nitro-blue tetrazolium test. The final concentration of the studied drugs in all experiments was 10% of the initial recommended for local use. The results of the study showed that Miramistin, Hexoral, Chlorhexidine, Septolete Total cause the death of lymphocytes isolated from healthy donors and patients with severe inflammation process. Tantum Verde and Tantum Rose do not cause the death of lymphocytes. All studied drugs (except Tantum Verde and Tantum Rose in healthy donors) reduce the number of neutrophils containing formazan granules, which indicates the suppression of the activity of the NADPH oxidase system. Patients’ neutrophils witch were activated by inflammatory process under the influence of miramistin experiencing short-term excessive activation of the NADPH-oxidase system, which can lead to tissue damage in severe inflammation.
Allergic rhinitis. Modern opportunities of pathogenetic therapy
Authors: Nikiforova G. N. , Svistushkin V. M. , Zolotova A. V.
Published: April 2019

Allergic rhinitis is a global public health problem at the present stage, given the high prevalence, the formation of therapy-resistant phenotypes, high comorbidity and the negative impact on all aspects of a patient’s life. Histamine is one of the main mediators of allergy, and therefore drugs number one in the treatment of patients with AR of all options are antihistamine drugs or H1-blockers. The innovative antihistamine drug of the second generation levocetirizine (Allerway®) prevents the development and facilitates the course of allergic reactions, also has anti-inflammatory and antiallergic action. Allerway® is bioequivalent to the original drug, has broad indications for use, has established itself as an effective drug with a good safety profile.
Topical glucocorticosteroids in the treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis
Authors: Ovchinnikov A. Yu. , Miroshnichenko N. A. , Smirnov I. V.
Published: April 2019

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disease that affects people regardless of age, place of residence or social status. As a rule, the allergen enters the body through the upper respiratory tract, the entrance gate is mainly the nasal mucous membrane. According to statistics, in recent years the frequency of perennial AR (PAR) in economically developed countries has been approaching 40-50%. In AR, inflammatory infiltration of the nasal mucous membrane by various cells is observed. Nowadays, AR is characterized by early onset, often with continuous relapsing course and resistance to antiallergic therapy. The study of the mechanisms of disease development creates the basis for rational therapy, which involves the impact on a complex inflammatory response, not only on the symptoms of allergy. Therefore, timely conservative therapy with intranasal topical glucocorticosteroid is advisable. The article shows the importance of the effectiveness of Flixonase intranasal spray in the treatment of AR. This drug may be recommended for the treatment of PAR. Studies of the use of the drug have shown a multi-purpose mechanism of its action. Flixonase significantly reduces the number of inflammatory cells in the nasal mucous membrane and inhibits the action of local inflammatory mediators in both seasonal ARs and PARs. To achieve the best results, the drug should be used at the first signs of nascent AR.
The Effect of Incontinence Severity on Symptom Distress, Quality of Life, and Pelvic Floor Muscle Function in Turkish Women with Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Orhan Ceren , Ozgul Serap , Baran Emine , Uzelpasaci Esra , Nakip Gulbala , Cinar Gamze Nalan , Beksac Mehmet Sinan , Akbayrak Turkan
Published: April 2019

Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare the differences in symptom distress, quality of life, and pelvic floor muscle function among Turkish women with mild, moderate, or severe urinary incontinence.Study design: One hundred and twenty women with a diagnosis of urinary incontinence (54.2% stress urinary incontinence and 45.8% mixed-urinary incontinence) participated in the present study. The severity of the urinary incontinence was stratified by the Incontinence Severity Index. The Turkish versions of the Urinary Distress Inventory-6 and the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-7 were used to assess symptom distress and quality of life, respectively. Pelvic floor muscle strength and endurance were measured using a non-invasive vaginal perineometer.Results: Symptom distress and quality of life significantly differed among the mild, moderate, and severe urinary incontinence groups (p<0.001). Patients with severe stress urinary incontinence displayed a higher decrease in quality of life than those with mild stress urinary incontinence (p<0.001). Furthermore, severe mixed urinary incontinence had a greater impact on symptom distress and quality of life compared to mild and moderate mixed urinary incontinence (p<0.05). The Incontinence Severity Index score was significantly associated with the Urinary Distress Inventory-6 and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-7 scores (p<0.001).Conclusion: Urinary incontinence affected the symptom distress and quality of life of patients in proportion to the severity of the symptoms. Therefore, the relationship between the severity of urinary incontinence and patients’ quality of life should be evaluated in clinical settings. To prevent the greater influence of incontinence on the quality of life of women with urinary incontinence, early detection of urinary incontinence and early management strategies are essential.
Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Levels in Early and Late Onset Preeclampsia
Authors: Guralp Onur , Tuten Nevin , Oncul Mahmut , Acikgoz Serdar A , Ekmekci Hakan , Tuten Abdullah
Published: April 2019

Objective: To evaluate the serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels in pregnant women with and without preeclampsia, early-onset preeclampsia and late-onset preeclampsia, preeclampsia with and without severe features, and investigate the correlation with the neonatal outcomes.Study Design: A total of 79 pregnant women, 27 with uncomplicated pregnancies, 30 with early-onset preeclampsia, and 22 with late-onset preeclampsia were evaluated in a cross-sectional study. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin was measured with a colorimetric Sandwich-ELISA method. Age; body mass index; systolic and diastolic blood pressure; umbilical-artery Doppler results; serum urea, bilirubin, uric acid, AST, ALT; 24-hour protein test; birth-weight; and Apgar-scores were recorded.Results: Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels were significantly higher in women with preeclampsia compared to those without preeclampsia (p<0.001); in women with early-onset preeclampsia compared to those with late-onset preeclampsia (p<0.001); and in women with late-onset preeclampsia compared to those without preeclampsia (p=0.028). Mean serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels were comparable in women with preeclampsia with and without severe features (p=0.076). The correlation analysis showed that neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin was not affected by age or body mass index. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin had a positive correlation with systolic and diastolic blood pressure and the umbilical-artery PI and RI. Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin had a positive correlation with serum urea (r=0.416, p=0.031) however had no significant correlation with birth-weight, Apgar-scores, uric acid and amount of proteinuria in women with preeclampsia.Conclusion: Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels were significantly higher in women with preeclampsia compared to those without preeclampsia; in women with early-onset preeclampsia compared to those with late-onset preeclampsia, and in women with late-onset preeclampsia compared to women without preeclampsia. Mean serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels were comparable in women with preeclampsia with and without severe features.
Effect of the Phragmitis Rhizoma Aqueous Extract on the Pharmacokinetics of Docetaxel in Rats
Authors: Shin Sarah , Kim No Soo , Kim Young Ah , Oh Hea Ry , Bang Ok-Sun
Published: April 2019

Background:

Traditionally, Phragmitis rhizoma has been prescribed to relive a fever, vomiting, dysuria, and constipation, and to promote secretion of fluids. In addition, recent studies have reported its efficacy as a diuretic and antiemetic. Our previous study demonstrated that the Phragmitis rhizoma aqueous extract (EPR) ameliorates docetaxel (DTX)-induced myelotoxicity.

Aim and Objective:

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of EPR on the pharmacokinetics of DTX in Sprague–Dawley rats.

Materials & Methods:

The animals received an intravenous injection of DTX (5 mg/kg) with or without oral EPR (100 mg/kg) pretreatment for 1 or 6 days. The pharmacokinetics of plasma DTX was analyzed using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry system, and pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated via noncompartmental analysis.

Results:

Relative to the control group (DTX alone), EPR pretreatment did not affect significantly the overall profiles of plasma DTX levels. Consecutively pretreated EPR for 6 days slightly altered AUC0-t and Cmax of DTX by 122 and 145.9%, respectively, but these data did not reach the threshold of statistical significance (p > 0.05).

Conclusion:

These results indicate that DTX exposure may not be affected by EPR treatment at the dose level used in this study, suggesting that oral EPR can be used safely when taken with intravenously injected DTX. However, further studies under the stringent conditions are needed when chronic treatment of EPR and anticancer drug.
Eating Disorders in Athletes: From Risk Management to Therapy
Authors: Milano Walter , Milano Luca , Capasso Anna
Published: April 2019

Background:

Balanced sporting activity should be considered a resource in the treatment of
eating disorders (ED), in particular of the BED and in obesity and, if conducted and guided by expert
preparers and rehabilitators, in some forms of anorexia and in bulimia.

Objective:

To assess the role of excessive physical activity, predominantly interfering with daily activities
by ultimately resulting in greater energy consumption leading to weight loss, and study the diagnostic
criteria of bulimia and anorexia nervosa.

Methods:

A number of literature studies also report the presence of ED among athletes. A 2004 study
reported that the prevalence of eating disorders in sports would be 13.5% compared to 4.5% of the
control subjects.

Results:

In general, nutrition is used as a tool for improving performance not only of athletes but also
of technicians and coaches. But in the presence of factors of vulnerability towards ED, the tendency to
manipulate the weight can result in an eating disorder or the so-called athletic anorexia or the RED-S.

Conclusion:

It is important to emphasize that not only do professional athletes suffer from it, but also
good-looking amateurs and laypersons.
Физический механизм работы палладий-бариевых катодов СВЧ-приборов
Authors: Капустин В.И. , Ли И.П. , Шуманов А.В. , Москаленко С.О. , Буш А.А. , Лебединский Ю.Ю.
Published: April 2019

AbstractHigh-resolution X-ray diffraction method (XRD) is used to determine sizes and crystallographic orientation of the nanocrystallites of the Pd and Pd_5Ba phases in palladium–barium cathode. Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) is used to study Ba and Pd chemical states in cathode material and determine the phase composition including dissolved microimpurities in the phases. The comparison of the XRD and ESCA data makes it possible to reveal effects related to the formation of the BaO crystallites in the cathode material, which are responsible for the emission properties. Electron-energy loss spectroscopy is used to determine the concentration of oxygen vacancies in the BaO crystallites that are formed in the cathode material due to activation. An original crystallite model of the working palladium–barium cathodes that is based on the results of this work may serve as an alternative to the known film model and makes it possible to optimize technology of cathode fabrication and activation.
Effects of Assistive Robot Behavior on Impressions of Patient Psychological Attributes: Vignette-Based Human-Robot Interaction Study
Authors: Chita-Tegmark Meia , Ackerman Janet M , Scheutz Matthias
Published: April 2019

Background

As robots are increasingly designed for health management applications, it is critical to not only consider the effects robots will have on patients but also consider a patient’s wider social network, including the patient’s caregivers and health care providers, among others.

Objective

In this paper we investigated how people evaluate robots that provide care and how they form impressions of the patient the robot cares for, based on how the robot represents the patient.

Methods

We have used a vignette-based study, showing participants hypothetical scenarios describing behaviors of assistive robots (patient-centered or task-centered) and measured their influence on people’s evaluations of the robot itself (emotional intelligence [EI], trustworthiness, and acceptability) as well as people’s perceptions of the patient for whom the robot provides care.

Results

We found that for scenarios describing a robot that acts in a patient-centered manner, the robot will not only be perceived as having higher EI (P=.003) but will also cause people to form more positive impressions of the patient that the robot cares for (P<.001). We replicated and expanded these results to other domains such as dieting, learning, and job training.

Conclusions

These results imply that robots could be used to enhance human-human relationships in the health care context and beyond.
ESTIMATED JUSTIFICATION OF TECHNICAL DECISION ON STRENGTHENING REINFORCED CONCRETE MACHINE HALL FLOOR
Authors: Rubin Oleg D. , Antonov Anton S. , Lisichkin Sergey E. , Baklykov Igor V. , Bekin Nikolay V. , Frolov Kirill E.
Published: April 2019

Introduction. In connection with the long-term operation of hydraulic structures (HPP), the installation of significant temporary loads, the presence of alternating effects on individual structural elements, it is possible to reduce the carrying capacity and strength of reinforced concrete structures. One of the most crucial elements is the reinforced concrete overlap of the machine hall, the work presents field and design studies, a proposal to strengthen the structures with external reinforcement. Materials and methods. The scientific and technical documentation was analyzed, instrumental studies and visual inspections of the state of the structures were carried out, and a 3D mathematical model was developed based on the finite element method. Multivariate non-linear computational studies of the actual stress-strain state of structures have been carried out. Results. Conducted visual and instrumental examination showed the presence of cracking on the lower edge of the reinforced concrete floor of the machine room. The simulation of the actual state of the structures has been carried out; according to the results of calculations, a schematic diagram of the gain of structures has been proposed. Conclusions. As a result of computational studies of stress-strain state, the occurrence of cracks on the lower edge of reinforced concrete floor of the machine hall was confirmed. When applying temporary technological loads to overlap, it is possible to achieve the yield strength of the reinforcement in certain zones. In order to ensure further safe operation of the structures, a conceptual amplification scheme based on the results of stress-strain state calculations has been proposed.
AYURVEDA PERSPECTIVE OF GENETICS W.S.R. TO BIJA, BIJABHAGA AND BIJABHAGAVAYAVA
Authors: Chavan Avinash Babanrao
Published: April 2019

Ayurveda is science of medicine practicing in India from thousands of years; the literature of ayurveda encompasses description of genetics. Sushruta has classified hereditary and congenital types of diseases such as; sthaulya, klaibya, prameha and other diseases occurs due to the defect in genetic component. Ayurveda also emphasized that the variation in prakriti is also due to the variation in genetic component. Therefore as per ayurveda the terms hereditary play vital role towards the health and well-being of an individual. Beeja (chromosome), beejabhaga (genes) and beejabhagavayava (fraction of part of chromosome) are important terms described by ayurveda to explain defects in sperm and ovum. The beeja, beejabhaga and beejabhagavayava are considered responsible for hereditary diseases along with other factors. Present article describe ayurveda perspective of genetics with special description of Beejabhaga and Beejabhagavayava.