bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomarker responses of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to polluted water from Kelani river basin, Sri Lanka: Implications for biomonitoring river pollution
Authors: Ruvinda K. M. , Pathiratne Asoka
Published: June 2018

Biomarkers can be considered as early warning signals for potential adverse effects on the biota. The present study examined the feasibility of using selected biomarker responses of a model fish, Oreochromis niloticus under laboratory exposure approach for identification of potential biological impacts of pollution in Kelani River. Laboratory acclimated O. niloticus were exposed under static-renewal conditions to water samples collected from selected sites of the Kelani River basin with different anthropogenic influences and biomarker responses (brain and muscle cholinesterase activities for neurotoxicity, erythrocyte micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities for genotoxicity and liver histology for hepatic damage) were evaluated at 5 and 10 days of exposure. Exposed water was physico-chemically characterized using standard analytical methods. The results revealed that exposure of O. niloticus to the water from selected polluted sites which included canals and canal confluences resulted in significant increases (p<0.05) in total erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities, evolution of erythrocyte micronuclei and induction of liver histopathological indices in comparison to the fish exposed to the water from the upper reach of the river (reference site) in most cases and the control fish exposed to the aged tap water in all cases. Brain cholinesterase activity was significantly inhibited (p<0.05) in the fish exposed to the water from the most polluted site compared to the control fish exposed to the aged tap water. Biomarker responses indicated that the fish populations inhabiting the polluted sites in the river may be under stress especially due to hepatic damage and genotoxicity. Evaluation of “effect directed biomarker responses” of the model fish, O. niloticus following laboratory exposure to the contaminated water can be a practically feasible approach for biomonitoring potential pollution impacts associated with the riverine ecosystems.
Torsion of huge epididymal cyst in a 16-year-old boy: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Bleve Cosimo , Conighi Maria Luisa , Bucci Valeria , Costa Lorenzo , Chiarenza Salvatore Fabio
Published: May 2018

Epididymal cysts (ECs) are relatively common in adults, rare in children. Normally their treatment is conservative. They may be situated anywhere in the organ, frequently in the region of the head. Torsion of these cysts is extremely rare in both children and adults, causing acute scrotal swelling. The diagnosis is intraoperative. A 16-year-old boy was referred to our Divisional Clinic by the treating physician for scrotal swelling appeared 4 months earlier. Absence of a history of minor scrotal trauma. Ultrasonography showed a 40×50 mm fluid-filled right para-testicular mass. We performed surgery finding a large black cyst connected to the head of the epididymis with 720°-degrees rotation. Histology revealed an acquired EC. The particularity of our case is due to the absence of symptoms in association with a big EC twisted of 720° degrees. This is the only case reported in literature. All patients with EC torsion reported presented symptoms related to acute scrotum.
Operationalising performance management in local government: The use of the balanced scorecard
Authors: Ndevu Zwelinzima J. , Muller Kobus
Published: May 2018

Orientation: Local government forms that part of the public sector closest to citizens and therefore indispensable in its role of providing essential goods and services and developing the local area. Local government has the authority and functions necessary to provide services for the maintenance and promotion of the well-being of all people within their area and should provide access to basic services such as water, electricity and health care.Research purpose: This study examines performance management as a tool in local government effective provision service delivery. The critical question addressed in this paper was how the balanced scorecard (BSC) can be used to improve performance in the context of local government and assist in eradicating the current challenges of lack of quality services, poverty and infrastructure development.Motivation for the study: The need for continuous improvement in service delivery at local government compounded by high levels of service delivery protest requires regular review of performance management system.Research approach: To understand the current context and challenges facing local government, the applicable legislative framework including the Constitution, white paper and the National Development Plans were perused to better understand the legal environment in which local government operates. A literature review was undertaken to evaluate theory on organisational effectiveness. Semi-structured interviews were used to solicit expert opinions.Main findings/managerial implications: The BSC approach emerged as the preferred tool because the method offered the authors the opportunity to review non-financial and financial factors to arrive at a balanced conclusion. A BSC tool was developed and applied to the Joe Gqabi District Municipality as a case study.Practical implications: The BSC as a performance management tool enables organisations to clarify their vision and strategy and translate them into goal or actions.Contribution/value-add: The research findings conclude that there was acknowledgement of the importance of performance measurement instruments in the municipality, yet the municipality still experienced challenges caused by the performance review process not being transparent and not communicated to all stakeholders.
A breast prosthesis infection update: Two-year incidence, risk factors and management at single institution
Authors: Boustany Ashley Nadia , Elmaraghi Shady , Agochukwu Nneamaka , Cloyd Benjamin , Dugan Adam J. , Rinker Brian
Published: May 2018

Background: Infection following augmentation and prosthetic-based breast reconstruction can cause significant physical and psychological distress for patients. It may delay adjuvant therapies and compromise aesthetic outcomes. The aim of this study is to identify modifiable risk factors for infection and identify common bacterial isolates to achieve optimal outcomes for patients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed for patients undergoing implant-based breast reconstruction over a 2-year period. In each case, we documented demographics, co-morbidities, complications and antibiotic use. We reviewed treatments, infectious species cultured where applicable and all outcomes. Results: A total of 292 patients met the inclusion criteria. Fifty-five patients (19%) developed an infection. Univariate analysis showed a significantly increased infection rate with longer operative times (P = 0.001) and use of tissue expanders (P = 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis confirmed drain use and elevated body mass index (BMI) as risk factors (odds ratio [OR] 2.427 and 1.061, respectively). After controlling for BMI, smoking status and radiation, we found an increased odd of infection with allograft use (OR 1.838) and a decreased odd with skin preparation using 2% chlorhexidine gluconate in 70% isopropyl (OR 0.554), though not statistically significant. Forty of 55 patients with infections had cultures, with 62.5% of isolates being Gram-positive species and 30% Gram-negative species. The median time to clinical infection was 25 days. Implant salvage with surgical interventions was achieved in 61.5% of patients. Conclusions: This study identified judicious use of drains and efficiency in the operating room as modifiable risk factors for infections following implant-based breast reconstruction. Prospective trials to analyse techniques for infection prevention are warranted. Implant salvage following infection is a possible end-point in the appropriate patient.
Cervical Lymphatic Filariasis in a Pediatric Patient: Case Report and Database Analysis of Lymphatic Filariasis in the United States
Authors: Simmonds Jonathan C. , Mansour Michael K. , Dagher Walid I.
Published: May 2018

Lymphatic filariasis is a mosquito-borne parasitic infection caused by Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia spp. Commonly seen in tropical developing countries, lymphatic filariasis occurs when adult worms deposit in and obstruct lymphatics. Although not endemic to the United States, a few cases of lymphatic filariasis caused by zoonotic Brugia spp. have been reported. Here we present a case of an 11-year-old female with no travel history who was seen in our clinic for a 1-year history of painless left cervical lymphadenopathy secondary to lymphatic filariasis. We review the literature of this infection and discuss the management of our patient. Using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS), the largest publicly available all-payer inpatient care database in the United States, we also examine the demographics of this infection. Our results show that chronic lymphadenopathy in the head and neck is the most common presenting symptoms of domestic lymphatic filariasis. Diagnosis is often made after surgical lymph node excision. Examination of the NIS from 2000 to 2014 revealed 865 patients admitted with a diagnosis of lymphatic filariasis. Most patients are in the mid to late sixties and are located on the eastern seaboard. Eight hundred and twenty six cases (95.5%) were likely due to zoonotic Brugia spp. and 39 (4.5%) due to W. bancrofti. Despite being rare, these data highlight the need to consider filariasis in patients presenting with chronic lymphadenopathy in the United States.
A 17 year climatology of convective cloud top heights in Darwin
Authors: Jackson Robert C. , Collis Scott M. , Louf Valentin , Protat Alain , Majewski Leon
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The validation of convective processes in general circulation models requires the use of large datasets that provide long term climatologies of the spatial statistics of convection. To that regard, echo top heights (ETHs) retrieved from 17 years of data from C-band POLarization (CPOL) Radar are analyzed in varying phases of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) and Northern Australian Monsoon in order to provide ample validation statistics for the Department of Energy's next generation Earth Energy Exascale Model. In this paper, ETHs are retrieved using a novel methodology that uses the texture of radial velocity. Comparisons of retrieved ETHs against satellite retrieved cloud top heights from the split window technique show that the estimated ETH are correlated with, and, on average, are within 3 km of satellite retrieved cloud top heights. Using this technique gives comparable ETHs compared to using a reflectivity threshold. Bimodal distributions of ETH, likely attributable to the cumulus congestus and mature stages of convection, are more commonly observed when the active phase of the MJO is away from Australia. The presence of a convectively stable layer at around 5 km altitude over Darwin inhibiting convection past this level can explain the position of the modes at around 5 to 6 km and 12 to 13 km respectively. The spatial distributions show that Hector, a deep convective system that occurs almost daily during the wet season over the Tiwi Islands, and seabreeze convergence lines are likely more common in break conditions. Oceanic mesoscale convective systems (MCSes) are likely more common during the night. Unimodal distributions of ETH are more common during monsoon conditions and during an active MJO over Darwin, consistent with the presence of widespread MCSes that are commonly associated with both the MJO and the Northern Australian Monsoon. In general, the MJO is a greater control of the ETHs observed over Darwin, with generally both lower and more unimodal distributions of ETH when the MJO is active over Darwin.
Evaluating tropospheric humidity from GPS radio occultation, radiosonde, and AIRS from high-resolution time series
Authors: Rieckh Therese , Anthes Richard , Randel William , Ho Shu-Peng , Foelsche Ulrich
Published: May 2018

Abstract. While water vapor is the most important tropospheric greenhouse gas, it is
also highly variable in both space and time, and water vapor concentrations
range over 3 orders of magnitude in the troposphere. These properties
challenge all observing systems to accurately measure and resolve the
vertical structure and variability of tropospheric humidity. In this study we
characterize the humidity measurements of various observing techniques,
including four separate Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultation
(RO) humidity retrievals (University Corporation for Atmospheric
Research (UCAR) direct, UCAR one-dimensional variational retrieval (1D-Var), Wegener Center for Climate and
Global Change (WEGC) 1D-Var, Jet
Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) direct), radiosonde, and Atmospheric Infrared
Sounder (AIRS) data. Furthermore, we evaluate how well the ERA-Interim
reanalysis and NCEP Global
Forecast System (GFS) model perform in analyzing water vapor at different
levels. To investigate detailed vertical structure, we analyzed time–height
cross sections over four radiosonde stations in the tropical and subtropical
western Pacific for the year 2007. We found that the accuracy of RO humidity
is comparable to or better than both radiosonde and AIRS humidity over 800 to
400 hPa, as well as below 800 hPa if super-refraction is absent. The
various RO retrievals of specific humidity agree within 20 % in the
1000–400 hPa layer, and differences are most pronounced above
600 hPa.
DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR THE GEOMETRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE UMBRELLA-SHAPED DOME IN BAIA (NAPLES)
Authors: Aliberti L. , Alonso-Rodríguez M. Á.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. This paper is focused on the use of photogrammetric measurement techniques for the valorization of architectural and archaeological heritage. The functionality of this system allows operating with unfavourable conditions and pursues the accuracy of the measurement. This case of study presents a complex situation. Currently half part of the octagonal room annexed to the Temple of Mercury in Baia is underwater. Moreover the level of water may grow due to the characteristic movement of the soil in this area. The accuracy of photogrammetric method and the high definition of the camera used for the photo captures allow the reconstruction of the interior of the dome. The particular geometry of this surface stresses the relevance of a complete documentation of the dome. The research describes the method and tools used to realize this survey in difficult conditions and then analyze the geometry of the interior of the dome. In order to develop the geometrical analysis we carried on a series of operations on the point cloud and the survey model. The study of the photogrammetric model and the construction of an ideal model based on geometrical laws generate useful material to understand this complex vault.
FEASIBILITY OF SMARTPHONE BASED PHOTOGRAMMETRIC POINT CLOUDS FOR THE GENERATION OF ACCESSIBILITY MAPS
Authors: Angelats E. , Parés M. E. , Kumar P.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Accessible cities with accessible services are an old claim of people with reduced mobility. But this demand is still far away of becoming a reality as lot of work is required to be done yet. First step towards accessible cities is to know about real situation of the cities and its pavement infrastructure. Detailed maps or databases on street slopes, access to sidewalks, mobility in public parks and gardens, etc. are required. In this paper, we propose to use smartphone based photogrammetric point clouds, as a starting point to create accessible maps or databases. This paper analyses the performance of these point clouds and the complexity of the image acquisition procedure required to obtain them. The paper proves, through two test cases, that smartphone technology is an economical and feasible solution to get the required information, which is quite often seek by city planners to generate accessible maps. The proposed approach paves the way to generate, in a near term, accessibility maps through the use of point clouds derived from crowdsourced smartphone imagery.
FROM ARCHITECTURAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY TOWARD DIGITAL ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE EDUCATION
Authors: Baik A. , Alitany A.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. This paper considers the potential of using the documentation approach proposed for the heritage buildings in Historic Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (as a case study) by using the close-range photogrammetry / the Architectural Photogrammetry techniques as a new academic experiment in digital architectural heritage education. Moreover, different than most of engineering educational techniques related to architecture education, this paper will be focusing on the 3-D data acquisition technology as a tool to document and to learn the principals of the digital architectural heritage documentation. The objective of this research is to integrate the 3-D modelling and visualisation knowledge for the purposes of identifying, designing and evaluating an effective engineering educational experiment. Furthermore, the students will learn and understand the characteristics of the historical building while learning more advanced 3-D modelling and visualisation techniques. It can be argued that many of these technologies alone are difficult to improve the education; therefore, it is important to integrate them in an educational framework. This should be in line with the educational ethos of the academic discipline. Recently, a number of these technologies and methods have been effectively used in education sectors and other purposes; such as in the virtual museum. However, these methods are not directly coincided with the traditional education and teaching architecture. This research will be introduced the proposed approach as a new academic experiment in the architecture education sector. The new teaching approach will be based on the Architectural Photogrammetry to provide semantically rich models. The academic experiment will require students to have suitable knowledge in both Photogrammetry applications to engage with the process.
Squirt flow due to interfacial water films in hydrate bearing sediments
Authors: Sell Kathleen , Quintal Beatriz , Kersten Michael , Saenger Erik H.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Sediments containing gas hydrate dispersed in the pore space are known to show a characteristic seismic anomaly which is a high attenuation along with increasing seismic velocities. Currently, this observation cannot be fully explained albeit squirt-flow type mechanisms on the microscale have been speculated to be the cause. Recent major findings from in situ experiments, using the gas in excess and water in excess formation method, and coupled with high-resolution synchrotron-based X-ray micro-tomography, have revealed the systematic presence of thin water films between the quartz grains and the encrusting hydrate. The data obtained from these experiments underwent an image processing procedure to quantify the thicknesses and geometries of the aforementioned interfacial water films. Overall, the water films vary from sub-micrometer to a few micrometers in thickness. In addition, some of the water films interconnect through water bridges. This geometrical analysis is used to propose a new conceptual squirt flow model for hydrate bearing sediments. A series of numerical simulations is performed considering variations of the proposed model to study seismic attenuation caused by such thin water films. Our results support previous speculation that squirt flow can explain high attenuation at seismic frequencies in hydrate bearing sediments, but based on a conceptual squirt flow model which is geometrically different than those previously considered.
EFL Students’ Perception of Using Portfolio Assessment in the Writing Classroom: the Case of Libyan Undergraduate Second Year Students
Authors: Suwaed Hameda
Published: May 2018

The aim of this study is to investigate EFL second year students’ perception towards using portfolio assessment in their writing courses. It has also intended to find out exam preference of the participants. The participants of the study are 38Libyan EFL students enrolled in second year in the Department of English. Data was collected by using a questionnaire, students’ portfolios and semi-structured interviews with the 8 participants. The results indicate that the participants generally prefer to be evaluated by the portfolio assessment. Most of them believed that portfolio assessment improved their writing and enhanced their motivation. However, some participants prefer traditional paper and pen tests.
Estilo, enunciação e ethos discursivo em metapoema de Ferreira Gullar
Authors: Carvalho Helba
Published: May 2018

A poesia metalinguística de Ferreira Gullar constrói uma sequência de argumentos que valida não só um estilo, mas um posicionamento crítico sobre a concepção de poesia, resultando em um ethos discursivo (segundo Maingueneau, 2008, 2011) de mestre, aqui chamado de professoral. Neste artigo, será analisado o metapoema “Muitas Vozes”, a fim de que se comprove, por meio de marcas estilísticas e discursivas, a maneira do poeta ver e de pensar a poesia. No poema, observa-se uma dimensão argumentativa, conforme observou Amossy (2005, 2006), bem como as características do texto argumentativo, segundo Fiorin (2015). A poesia metalinguística de Ferreira Gullar direciona o olhar do coenunciador para que possa refletir e perceber a poesia de uma certa maneira; o enunciador apresenta seu ponto de vista fazendo uso dos recursos da língua, como a metáfora, a comparação, a ironia, a definição etc.
O passeio de Rosinha: articulando saberes sociais e biológicos na infância por meio da literatura
Authors: Silva Tatiana Pereira da , Araujo Paula Teixeira , Piassi Luís Paulo De Carvalho , Dos Santos Emerson Izidoro
Published: May 2018

Nesse artigo buscamos discutir a possibilidade de abordagem de temas sociais de forma articulada com saberes biológicos na escola da infância usando como recurso o livro de literatura infantil. A escolha por esse tipo de publicação deve-se ao fato dela ser amplamente empregada no ensino dirigido a esse público. Apresentamos um panorama histórico da produção dessa modalidade de literatura e em seguida exemplificamos nossa proposta a partir da análise, com base em elementos da semiótica greimasiana, de uma obra específica de literatura infantil levantando, a partir desta, diferentes temáticas sociais que podem ser abordadas no contexto de sala de aula e que tem relação com o dia a dia das crianças. Nossas análises demonstraram ambivalências entre as representações dos animais e as temáticas científicas, mas também em relação ao livro infantil enquanto objeto educacional. Por fim, concluímos que a articulação de diferentes campos de saberes no desenvolvimento de uma atividade contribui para uma educação menos compartimentalizada e para a construção de um conhecimento mais articulado.
Concepções alternativas sobre conceitos básicos de física de estudantes ingressantes em curso superior da área tecnológica: um estudo comparativo
Authors: Krause João Carlos , John Scheid Neusa Maria
Published: May 2018

Os resultados de pesquisa na área de educação em ciências indicam que as concepções alternativas (CAs), também consideradas concepções intuitivas ou espontâneas, que os estudantes apresentam ao ingressarem em um curso superior são cruciais na aprendizagem dos conceitos básicos de disciplinas da área de ciências naturais. A premissa é que essas concepções, que os estudantes trazem para a sala de aula, e com as quais explicam boa parte dos fenômenos naturais que os cercam, fazem parte do conhecimento que possuem e que elas influenciam, sobremaneira, a aprendizagem de conceitos – como os de física básica, por exemplo – quando eles ingressam em cursos superiores da área tecnológica. Na presente investigação, buscou-se identificar a presença das CAs em estudantes ingressantes em cursos de engenharia de uma instituição de ensino superior da Região das Missões, no Rio Grande do Sul, em dois períodos, com intervalo de oito anos. A metodologia de abordagem quantiqualitativa orientou a obtenção de dados por meio de um questionário com questões baseadas no trabalho de Axt (1986), Peduzzi (2005) e Viennot (1979). Os resultados apresentaram uma recorrência ou a manutenção das mesmas CAs em conteúdos de física básica nas duas épocas consideradas. Concluiu-se que, apesar de as investigações sobre as CAs terem sido intensas nas últimas décadas, com propostas bem fundamentadas, o estudo comparativo realizado demonstra que essas, com pequenas variações estatísticas, continuam sendo as mesmas. Diante disso, argumenta-se que, na formação de professores, esses resultados deverão ser considerados, de modo a buscar estratégias metodológicas para a resolução dessas CAs, ainda na educação básica.
Concepções de estudantes de licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas e Ciências Exatas sobre conceitos básicos de Astronomia
Authors: Bartelmebs Roberta Chiesa
Published: May 2018

Neste artigo, discutem-se algumas concepções de estudantes de licenciatura sobre conceitos de Astronomia. O estudo foi realizado com 22 estudantes na disciplina optativa de Ensino de Astronomia, na qual se matricularam alunos dos cursos de licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas e em Ciências Exatas de uma universidade pública do Oeste do Paraná. A disciplina foi elaborada tendo como propósito trabalhar conceitos básicos da Astronomia, baseando-se nas Diretrizes Curriculares da Educação Básica do estado do Paraná. Além disso, desenvolveram-se atividades práticas com os alunos para que pudessem vivenciar metodologias aplicáveis em sala de aula. No entanto, apesar de os alunos participarem ativamente das atividades, ao final da disciplina, verifica-se que
boa parte dos licenciandos em Biologia e Exatas acaba por não modificar suas ideias prévias. Isso pode indicar uma necessidade de reformular a forma de pensar a educação superior, partindo para um paradigma menos “conteudista” e mais “formativo”, tendo em vista uma avaliação que possibilite conhecer as ideias dos alunos e permita sua evolução.
Contribuições de uma sequência didática interdisciplinar em uma abordagem investigativa: a horta escolar no contexto
Authors: De Souza Paulo Henrique , Assis Carvalho Núbia Patielle , Silva Souza Marta João Francisco
Published: May 2018

O desinteresse dos estudantes durante as aulas é um dos fatores de preocupação e frustração relatados por muitos professores em trabalhos acadêmicos. Neste trabalho, apresentamos uma análise na perspectiva de três professoras na elaboração e no desenvolvimento de uma sequência didática interdisciplinar por meio de atividades investigativas para uma turma de 6º ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública municipal rural na região sudoeste do estado de Goiás. Este artigo é um recorte de uma pesquisa de mestrado profissional em Educação para Ciências e Matemática, que se configura como uma possibilidade de ação interdisciplinar no contexto escolar. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e observações assistemáticas, as questões da entrevista tiveram como objetivo conhecer o perfil das professoras e sua percepção quanto à proposta interdisciplinar, à turma, às metodologias utilizadas, às possíveis mudanças detectadas no comportamento dos alunos e às dificuldades encontradas. O desenvolvimento deste trabalho propiciou às professoras realizar uma reflexão sobre suas práticas pedagógicas, já que puderam observar as mudanças na participação dos alunos, na dinâmica de sala de aula, bem como na aprendizagem dos conteúdos abordados.
Proposta de sequência de ensino investigativa para o 1º ano do ensino fundamental
Authors: Vieira de Moraes Tatiana Schneider , Pessoa de Carvalho Anna Maria
Published: May 2018

As crianças precisam ser inseridas em um contexto de alfabetização científica (AC) desde os primeiros anos da sua escolarização. Para tanto, foi estruturada uma proposta de sequência de ensino investigativa (SEI) de modo a possibilitar o desenvolvimento de discussões científicas e fomentar a interação entre os alunos e destes com o professor. Com foco na aprendizagem dos alunos, essa sequência de ensino tem o intuito de verificar as habilidades associadas ao processo de AC, concentrando-se em elementos como as linguagens oral e escrita utilizadas pelos alunos durante suas atividades. Com base em uma pesquisa qualitativa com caráter de estudo de caso, as aulas da SEI foram gravadas, transcritas, e o conteúdo foi analisado a partir de categorias pré-estabelecidas.
Os resultados demonstram que, por meio da observação de um ciclo de vida completo, os alunos vivenciaram oportunidades reais para levantar hipóteses, testar suas ideias, manusear materiais, bem como articular, elaborar, avaliar e revisar seus modelos de crescimento e desenvolvimento dos seres vivos. Essas habilidades são inerentes ao processo de AC e possuem uma implicação direta para o Ensino de Ciências.
A relevância da educação em ciências: posicionamentos de estudantes brasileiros de crenças cristãs acerca da teoria da evolução humana
Authors: Santos Mota Helenadja , Bizzo Nelio , Farias Maia de Araujo Yzila Liziane
Published: May 2018

A relevância do ensino da evolução biológica se alicerça na centralidade do tema que é considerado preponderante para a construção dos conhecimentos biológicos. Apesar do caráter fulcral, a evolução biológica é bastante controversa como temática nas aulas de ciências, fazendo com que muitos professores se esquivem de ensiná-la. Diante das dificuldades inerentes ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem da teoria evolutiva, especialmente da evolução humana, o presente trabalho busca identificar o grau de aceitação de jovens estudantes cristãos acerca de tópicos que refletem explicações científicas para a origem do homem. O estudo de natureza quantitativa teve a coleta de dados realizada por meio de um questionário numa escala Likert de quatro pontos, aplicado a 1916 estudantes na faixa etária de 15 anos. Os dados apontam que a rejeição dos estudantes em relação à evolução humana como um todo, principalmente pelos estudantes evangélicos, visto que apresentaram níveis mais baixos de concordância com o item, leva a acreditar que, muitas vezes, em sala de aula, a explicação científica sobre a origem do homem contraria a visão de mundo religiosa dos estudantes.
Método científico ao alcance de todos: uma análise da iniciação científica nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental
Authors: Bocasanta Daiane Martins
Published: May 2018

Este trabalho apresenta uma investigação que buscou problematizar a iniciação científica (IC) que cada vez mais precocemente passa a ser endereçada aos estudantes dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. Esse objetivo desdobrou-se nas seguintes questões de pesquisa: as crianças, estudantes dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, são assujeitadas à racionalidade moderna, em que a ciência ocupa um lugar privilegiado entre os saberes? De que forma isso ocorre? O referencial teórico em que se apoiou a pesquisa situa-se em uma abordagem pós-metafísica,
especialmente nas teorizações de Michel Foucault e seus comentadores. O material de pesquisa foi composto por pôsteres apresentados no Salão UFRGS Jovem, regulamentos do evento, anotações de observações em diário de campo e um livro sobre metodologia científica para diferentes públicos. A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada situa-se na análise do discurso na perspectiva foucaultiana. Entre os resultados obtidos na pesquisa, observou-se que: a) a implementação precoce da IC visa à formação de sujeitos cujos interesses voltem-se para as carreiras científicas; e b) a IC desejável a ser implementada nas escolas de educação básica presta-se a treinar, educar e exercitar cada parte do corpo de potenciais candidatos a carreiras científicas, apesar de o material de pesquisa muitas vezes descrever a IC como uma forma de desenvolver a criatividade ou o pensar cientificamente como um pensar livre.
Los programas de ajuste del FMI: contenido, bases teórico-analíticas y resultados
Authors: Abrego Lisandro E.
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 23, 1991: 565-610
La nueva economía popular: ¿una utopía realizable?
Authors: Montoya Aquiles
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 23, 1991: 611-625
"Comentarios críticos a las teorías del desarrollo predominantes. Hacia otro concepto del desarrollo de las sociedades"
Authors: Rubio Fabian Roberto
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 24, 1991: 713-761
Hacia una caracterización de los precios del café salvadoreño
Authors: Melhado Oscar Edgardo
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 24, 1991: 763-783
Política macroeconómica y concertación
Authors: De Franco Carolina A.
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 25, 1992: 9-23
Lineamientos generales para una nueva estrategia de industrialización
Authors: Rubio Roberto
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 25, 1992: 25-33
Probabilidad de la democracia en El Salvador
Authors: Urrutia Arturo
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 25, 1992: 49-67
El nuevo orden económico mundial y los elementos básicos para una estrategia nacional de desarrollo en El Salvador
Authors: Umaña Carlos
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 26, 1992: 105-179
Tecnología para una economía nacional
Authors: Ibisate Francisco Javier
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 27, 1992: 329-360
Evaluación y alternativas de la banca de fomento estatal para la democratización del crédito en El Salvador
Authors: Martínez Carlos P. , Larreynaga Eric W.
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 28, 1992: 441-471
Cambio estructural en las economías de El Salvador y Guatemala: un enfoque de la teoría de cointegración
Authors: Cáceres Luis René , Núñez Sandoval Oscar A.
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 30, 1992: 611-625
Competitividad en el sector industrial salvadoreño, 1988-1990
Authors: Morán Ana Yolanda , Contreras Linet E.
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 30, 1992: 645-684
Tesis de economía, septiembre 1991-agosto 1992
Authors: Economía Departamento de
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 30, 1992: 685-691
Determining the Fears of Student with Special Needs in Inclusive Environments
Authors: OZOKCU Osman , YILDIRIM Taskin
Published: May 2018

This study aims to determine and identify the fears of students with special needs in inclusive classrooms. The study was conducted with a total of 69 students (32 female, 37 male) from 36 classrooms across 12 different schools (including six primary schools and six middle schools) in Malatya, Turkey. The data were collected using a semi-structured interview technique and analyzed through descriptive analysis technique. These results revealed that students feared animals, spiritual associations, being negatively evaluated by figures of authority and other students, harm and suffering, death and loss, being subject to violence, and natural events and phenomena.
Young People’s Opinions on Rural Sweden
Authors: Boström Lena , Dalin Rolf
Published: May 2018

This study focus on adolescents motivations about remaining in rural areas in the Mid Sweden Region, a part of Sweden with decreasing school performance scores and high out-migration. The study is based on 1,500 young people’s responses to a Web-based survey within the framework of a regional school development project. The research questions focused on: whether youths were going to stay there or move the future in urban or rural areas, influences, and the future choices and differences among genders, regions, and age groups. The empirical data are processed with statistical analysis. The study confirms previous research on young people’s relocations from rural areas; jobs and education are important motives, and the most prone to move are women. What is new knowledge is that lessons about the region’s importance have a positive, significant effect on individuals’ plans to remain in their home municipality. This can and should be highlighted in local, regional, and national politics, but more importantly in school discourses. Since school plays a role in students’ thinking and future choices, a larger formation effort could be of great value for norms and regional political standpoints. The study has relevance to the international terms of similar geographical areas.
Developing Scale for Determining the Social Participation Skills for Children and Analyzing Its Psychometric Characteristics
Authors: Samanci Osman , Ocakci Ebru , Secer Ismail
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this research is to conduct validity and reliability studies of the Scale for the Determining Social Participation for Children, developed to measure social participation skills of children aged 7-10 years. During the development of the scale, pilot schemes, validity analyzes, and reliability analyzes were conducted. In this context, the research was carried out with a total of 472 elementary school students in the ages of 7-10 years using the descriptive survey model. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to examine the factor structure of the scale and it was determined that the scale had a structure consisting of 16 items and one dimension and that this model had a good level of model fit. In order to examine the reliability of the scale, internal consistency and split-half reliability analyzes were performed and it was found that the scale had sufficient reliability. It can be said that the Scale for the Determining Social Participation for Children is a reliable and valid measurement tool that can be used to measure the social participation skills of students aged 7-10 years.
Thermodynamics of Ethanol + Water + 2-Propanol mixture at the range of temperature 288.15-323.15 K
Authors: Barros Safira , S. Andrade Rebecca , Iglesias Miguel
Published: May 2018

The packing
properties of hydroxylic chemicals is very unusual, however these substances
find extensive application in food and alcoholic beverage industry. When short
alcohols are mixed with water, the entropy of the final system increases far
less than we could expected for an ideal solution of ramdomly interacting
molecules. Experimental works on thermodynamics helps to understand how
hydrophobic headgroups of alcohol molecules in aqueous media cluster together.
To this aim, the densities and ultrasonic velocity of the ternary mixtures
ethanol + water + 2-propanol at 288.15-323.15 K and atmospheric pressure, have
been measured over the whole concentration range, due to the importance of the
2-propanol among the flavor compounds contained into spirit beverages. The
experimental data have been analyzed in terms of different theoretical models,
an adequate agreement between the experimental and predicted values both in
magnitude and sign being obtained, despite the high non-ideal trend. The
obtained experimental values indicate varying extent of interstitial
accommodation among unlike molecules with strong influence of steric hindrance
among aliphatic ends.
Ritme aktivitas penerbangan harian Tetragonula laeviceps (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) di Bogor
Authors: Yustia Indah Putri Januar , Rauf Aunu , Maryana Nina
Published: May 2018

Tetragonula laeviceps (Smith) adalah salah satu spesies lebah tak bersengat yang paling umum dijumpai di Indonesia. Namun demikian, tidak banyak publikasi tersedia tentang ritme aktivitas penerbangan T. laeviceps. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji aktivitas penerbangan T. laeviceps dalam kaitannya dengan waktu harian dan berbagai unsur cuaca. Tiga koloni diamati setiap jam selama 5 menit dari pukul 06:00 hingga 18:00 WIB. Pengamatan meliputi banyaknya T. laeviceps yang keluar sarang, masuk sarang, membawa polen, membawa resin, dan membuang sampah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas penerbangan berbeda nyata (P < 0,001) di antara jam-jam pengamatan. Secara umum, preferensi waktu (akrofase) aktivitas penerbangan terjadi pada pukul 11:00–12:00 WIB. Banyaknya T. laeviceps yang keluar dan masuk sarang berkorelasi positif (sedang) dengan suhu udara dan intensitas cahaya, tetapi berkorelasi negatif (sedang) dengan kelembapan relatif.
Biologi dan statistik demografi Thrips parvispinus Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) pada tanaman cabai (Capsicum annuum Linnaeus)
Authors: Hutasoit Rudi Tomson , Triwidodo Hermanu , Anwar Ruly
Published: May 2018

Thrips parvispinus Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is one of the major pests of chili pepper in Indonesia. The pest can be found on all parts of the plants, especially flowers and leaves. Information of the biology and demographic statistic of T. parvispinus are still limited. The objective of this research was to study the biology and demographic statistic of T. parvispinus in Bogor. Fifty individual of 1st instar nymphs were reared on caged chili pepper leaves (d = 4 cm and h = 8 cm). Chilli pepper leaves were replaced everyday and observed daily to determine the development and number of offspring eggs. The collected data were used to obtain information about the biology of the pest such as the stadia of each instar, preoviposition period, life cycle, adult longevity, and fecundity. The data were also used to construct life tables for demographic statistic analysis using of the Jackknife method. There were 5 phases of immature stages of T. parvispinus: eggs, two instars nymph, prepupa, and pupa with their stadia were 4,79, 1,36, 3,54, 1,08, and 1,96 days respectively. The preoviposition period of the insect was 1,11 days, life cycle was 13,68 days, female longevity was 8,55 days, male longevity was 6,00 days, and fecundity was 15,33 eggs per female. The population development of T. parvispinus followed type III of survivorship curve with intrinsic rate of increase was 0,15 individual per days female per days, net reproductive rate was 5,71 individual per female per generation, generation time was 11,49 days and doubling time was 4,57 days.
Siklus hidup dan statistik demografi kutukebul Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotipe B dan non-B pada tanaman cabai (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Hidayat Purnama , Kurniawan Hazen Arrazie , Afifah Lutfi , Triwidodo Hermanu
Published: May 2018

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B also known as Bemisia argentifolii (Gennadius) is a more malignant whitefly biotype in damaging plants compared to non-B biotype. Currently the whitefly B. tabaci biotype B has been reported its existence in Indonesia. Basic information such as life cycle, length of life, fecundity, and breeding ability of a whitefly is important information as a basis in preparing the whitefly control strategy. The aim of this research was to study the life cycle and demographic statistic of the B. tabaci biotype B and the non-B biotype on chili pepper. The study was conducted by observing the development of the whiteflies from eggs to adult in a grow chamber that the temperature and lighting were controlled. Observations were made on several aspects of biology and some parameters of demographic statistics. The results showed that the biotype B of B. tabaci has several different biological aspects with the non-B whitefly in chili pepper. The life cycle of the biotype B of B. tabaci and the non-B were different, 33.27 and 30.86 days respectively. The biotype B of B. tabaci had a net reproduction rate (R0) which was similar to that of the non-B biotype as well as the average of its generation. However, the intrinsic increase rate (r) of the biotype B B. tabaci was 2.5 times shorter than the non-B biotype. The biotype B of B. tabaci doubled its population (DT) 2 times faster than the non-B biotype. It is clear that the biotype B of B. tabaci potentially more dangerous than the non-B.
Pengaruh keberadaan habitat alami terhadap keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan serangga pengunjung bunga mentimun
Authors: Susilawati Susilawati , Buchori Damayanti , Rizali Akhmad , Pudjianto Pudjianto
Published: May 2018

Presence of insects in agricultural habitat is affected by several factors such as natural habitat. The objective of this research was to study the effect of natural habitat on diversity and abundance of flower-visiting insects in cucumber fields. Ecological observation was conducted in 12 cucumbers fields located in regencies of Bogor, Cianjur, and Sukabumi, West Java. Cucumber fields were categorized in two different distant form natural habitat i.e. near natural habitat (less than 200 m) and far from natural habitats (more than 1000 m). The observations of flower-visiting insects in cucumber fields were conducted by counting the number of flower-visiting insects that perched within 100 flowers in four different transects. The result showed that the presence of natural habitat affected species richness but not the abundance of flower-visiting insects in cucumber field. The dominant species of flower-visiting insects in cucumber fields were Aphis sp., Tapinoma sp. and Thrips parvispinus Karny, while the most dominant pollinator was Apis cerana Fabricius. The distance of natural habitat from farmland affected the presence of flower-visiting insects especially pollinator insects that provide important services on enhancing crop yield.
Antecedents of Entrepreneurial Intent: A Cross-Country Comparison of Generation Y University Students
Authors: Marire Esther , Dhurup Manilall
Published: May 2018

This paper convey the findings of a study carried out to compare the antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions of students from two universities within the Southern African continent. A cross-sectional survey, based on 400 students from two universities of two different countries (South Africa and Zimbabwe) was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire. Using the theory of planned behavior, personal attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control, and entrepreneurial education were used to predict entrepreneurial intentions. Personal attitude and subjective norms and entrepreneurial education seem to positively influence behavioral intentions. Behavioral control showed insignificant predictive relationship with behavioral intentions. It is recommended that entrepreneurial education should be made a core and integral component of study at universities so that universities as social institutions can create an impetus with a holistic approach including all role players with adequate resources to support students in entrepreneurial ventures.