bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIFFERENTIATED TRANSFORMATION OF THE PHENOTYPE OF SUBPOPULATIONS OF NEUTROPHILIC GRANULOCYTES IN VIRAL-VIRAL AND PURULENT BACTERIAL INFECTIONS IN IMMUNOCOMPROMETED CHILDREN
Authors:   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Krasnodar Krai, Russia, Nesterova I.V. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia,   Academy of Postgraduate Education with the Federal Research and Clinical Center of the Russian Federal Biomedical Agency, Moscow, Russia, Chudilova G.A. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Krasnodar Krai, Russia, Kovaleva S.V. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Krasnodar Krai, Russia, Pavlenko V.N. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Krasnodar Krai, Russia, Lomtatidze L.V. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Krasnodar Krai, Russia, Tarakanov V.A. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Krasnodar Krai, Russia, Barova N.K. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Krasnodar Krai, Russia
Published: March 2021

Children with clinical signs of immunocompromise have impaired functioning of the immune system. At the same time, the state of subpopulations of multifunctional neutrophil granulocytes (NG), which provide antiviral and antibacterial protection, in such patients has been poorly studied. Objective of the study: to assess the features of the transformation of the phenotype of the three most significant subpopulations of NG, their association with impaired phagocytic and microbicidal activity in immunocompromised children with atypical viral-viral co-infections and bacterial infections, and to clarify their differential diagnostic significance. Materials and methods of research: the phenotypes of NG subpopulations expressing CD64, CD32, CD16, CD11b receptors, phagocytic and microbicidal activity of NG were studied in the peripheral blood of 43 immunocompromised children of both sexes aged of 5–9 years old suffering from recurrent ARVI, atypical chronic mono – or mixed herpes virus infections (HVI) and purulent bacterial infection. 3 study groups were formed: 1st – repeated ARVI/HVI mono, 2nd – repeated ARVI/HVI mixed, 3rd – minor purulent infection (MPI) and a comparison group (20 apparently healthy children). Results: different differentiated transformation of the phenotype of functionally significant subpopulations of NG associated with impaired functional activity of NG as well as with the incidence of viral co-infections (repeated ARVI and recurrent HVI mixed) and the severity of clinical manifestations of MPI has been identified in the studied groups. Conclusion. Еvaluation of the features of transformation of phenotype of NG subpopulations, their effector functions in immunocompromised children with atypical viral-viral co-infections and purulent bacterial infections, will allow in the future to optimize the methods of target immunotherapy aimed at remodulating the negatively transformed phenotype of NG subpopulations, correcting their dysfunctions and, thereby, significantly increase the clinical effectiveness of therapeutic and preventive measures.
Merging Fact, Fiction and Myth: Reading TD Ramakrishnan’s Sugandhi Enna Aandaal Devanayaki as a Historiographic Metafiction
Authors: Varghese Subin
Published: March 2021

TD Ramakrishnan’s novel Sugandhi Enna Aandaal Devanayaki is a mixture of the mythological, metaphysical and historical into a fictional space which transcends the boundaries of nation. The novel is a quest for retelling the historical trauma of Sreelanka. In the search for Sugandhi a Tamil liberation activist, the narrator stumbles upon the mythical Sugandhi from the   folklore, creating tension between faction and reality. In the search for the mythical Sugandhi Ramakrishnan uses ‘SusinaSupina’ and arrives at Devanayaki belonging to 7th century AD Pallava Dynasty.   As fact, fiction and myth blur into the contemporary social space, the myth of Devanayaki merges with Rajani Thirinagame creating the notion of the alternate history from a female perspective. In the novel History blurs into myth, reality into fiction, contemporary into past, individual into society and body into spirit.TD Ramakrishnan deconstructs the millennium old Tamil- Sinhalese political history using the alternate history from mythology and folklore.   This paper is an attempt to read the novel Sugandhi Enna AandaalDevanayaki as a Historiographic metafiction.
An Echo of a Modernist Voice in Reference to Kafka’s The Metamorphosis: Change as Constant and Humanity as Memory
Authors: Panda Sulagna
Published: March 2021

This paper intends to place Kafka as a modernist by identifying certain aspects in The Metamorphosis. Kafka as a voice of modernism came into prominence mostly with his posthumous publications where he made a metaphorical representation of the deep seated realities of time. The Metamorphosis is about a commercial traveller, fatigued by the tiresome journey, who turns into monstrous vermin and the respite comes to his family and himself once he is eliminated. Kafka as usually does not clearly come up with the details of the gigantic insect that Gregor has turned into, rather he keeps it for the readers to find out by talking to each other, against each other and to themselves. Gregor is monstrous in appearance as he is perceived by others and himself but within, he is a victim who has been crushed under the monstrous wheels of capitalist world. It is only after becoming a gigantic insect, Gregor reveals everything about himself and his surrounding either in form of reminiscence or with his observation. One may find some sort of umbilical cord existing between Kafka and Gregor as Kafka himself was a poor creature whose back leg is stuck in the Judaism while his front leg, in vain, quested for a new ground, but that idea cannot be the only guiding beacon in comprehending Kafka and his works. Writing in the first half of twentieth-century in the rapidly changing world, the story The Metamorphosis carries in itself all that makes it worth considering among all other Kafka’s work.
When the Real Ceases to Exist: Reading the Realm of the Hyperreal in Unni R.’s “Ozhivudivasathe Kali”
Authors: Babu Alaka Theres , Babu Alaka Theres
Published: March 2021

In the postmodern condition a sign does not indicate an underlying reality but other signs and thus the whole system becomes ‘simulation’. Jean Baudrillard the French sociologist, cultural critic and postmodern theorist, in his 1981 work Simulacra and Simulations discusses about what is usually known as ‘the loss of the real’. In the contemporary world the distinction between reality and illusion, surface and depth are completely lost. The media mediated world of reality that we perceive today is all a hyperreality. We confront illusions all around us and without which we feel unable to live. What we take in for granted is something that is created for the purpose of to be perceived. All these made up realities become texts as well. In an age of mass production, mass consumption and mass communication the terms ‘hyperreality’ and ‘simulation’ signify the virtual or unreal nature of the present day culture. Baudrillard’s philosophy centers on these concepts. It is a basic part of human existence to simulate, to imagine scenarios and possible outcomes.
Blurred Borders between Fact and Fantasy: A Critique of Hannah Arendt’s “Defactualization” in a Subtly Self-aggrandizing and Overtly Deceiving “Post-Truth Era”
Authors: Nazeer Adeela Velapurath
Published: March 2021

The term “post –truth”, that is believed to have made its maiden appearance in a 1992 essay, pertaining to the Iran-Contra Scandal and Persian Gulf War, garnered widespread popularity, in the form of "post-truth politics" recently on account of the 2016 U.S. presidential election and the U.K. Brexit referendum. In fact, it was a political culture in which public opinions and media narratives have become almost entirely disconnected from the substance and policy of legislation. Interestingly such a relatively recent concept that has been vaulted up in an age of Twitter threads and viral news has its roots in post-modernity, relativism, even in the philosophical notions of Nietzsche, Weber, Leo Strauss, Foucault and Derrida, who were inevitably sceptical of the division between facts and values.
Racial Identity in Post-Apartheid South Africa: J.M. Coetzee’s Disgrace
Authors: Joyson Roshni , Michael Dr. Cynthia Catherine
Published: March 2021

J.M. Coetzee is a South African novelist, critic and an active translator of Dutch and Afrikaans literature. His novels are conspicuous for their well- crafted composition, pregnant dialogues and analytical brilliance. Coetzee’s earlier novels question the apartheid regime, while his later works offer an apocalyptic vision of post- apartheid South Africa. His major works include Disgrace, Waiting for the Barbarians, Life and Times of Michael K, Boyhood, Age of Iron and The Childhood of Jesus. In 1999, Coetzee has been the recipient of numerous awards throughout his career, although he has a reputation for avoiding award ceremonies. Coetzee became the first author to be twice awarded the Booker Prize, winning it as second time for Disgrace which portrays the post-apartheid society. Coetzee went on to win the Nobel Prize for literature in 2003 for his entire body of works. During the years of apartheid, he was at the forefront of the anti-apartheid movement among writers. Scholar Isadore Dalia labelled J.M Coetzee as one of the most distinguished white writers with an anti-apartheid sentiment. Coetzee’s earlier novels question the apartheid regime, while his later works offer an apocalyptic vision of post- apartheid South Africa. Disgrace can be analyzed as a representative work of the new south Africa where the social problems relating binary oppositions such as black- white, white- immigrant, powerless- powerful, are stressed. This paper attempts to show through the protagonist, David Lurie, that the way to adapt to the changes in the country is to make a fresh start, a way to adapt to the new times, where no ideas of the old are retained. Frantz Fanon’s concepts within the field of post colonialism which he articulated in Black Skin, White Masks (1967) and The Wretched of the Earth (1963) have much relevance in Disgrace. The objective of this paper is to stretch his new ideas in a new direction by applying his theories on nation and culture onto a white subject Lurie, a white native South African. In the light of Fanon’s text, The Wretched of the Earth it can be argued that following the revolutionary political changes in South Africa in 1994, the former colonizer can be seen in the same way as the colonized usually is: a powerless native, regardless of racial identity.
Nature Influencing Characters- An Analysis of the Malayalam Movie Iyobinte Pusthakam
Authors: Josephine A. Merin , Michael Dr. Cynthia Catherine
Published: March 2021

Space and place are two complex concepts in literature. These can in turn affect the course of characters, situations and the plot of story. Presently in visual media, especially in movies; a relation between nature and surroundings can be traced. Both nature and surroundings influence each other. Malayalam cinema is going through many different paths which are always open for study. Each movie in it is incomparable in plot, techniques and narration. A relation between surroundings and characters can always be drawn. Keith H. Basso is an important cultural anthropologist who found a noticeable connection between nature and human beings. Nature always creates mystery and wonder. Nature always has a great influence in the human evolution and culture formation. Tagore’s ‘The Religion of Forest’ says the link between forest and ancient Indian culture. In the same essay, Tagore represents the European belief on nature as a war between good and evil. ‘IyobintePustham’ is analysed in both these views. The forest depicted in the movie can be interpreted as a provider and protector to its character. In another sense, it mirrors the goodness and the evils in the mind of characters. Forest is an important archetype in human history and culture.
The generality of the concept of limit in mathematical analysis as the topic of the review lecture
Authors:   National Research University «MIET», Gavrikov A.I.
Published: April 2021

The author suggests using review lectures to systematize knowledge, deepen and expand the material being studied. As an example, the discipline ”Mathematical Analysis.»It is proposed to build a review lecture based on the generality of the basic concept of mathematical analysis - the concept of limit. The author gives the possible content of the lecture, including the establishment of a common concept, its practical application and a practice-oriented introduction.
The costs of health literacy in the technotronic age
Authors:   Moscow City Pedagogical University, Denisov L. A.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to an important problem of literacy of the population in the field of health preservation. The authors conduct a brief analysis of school textbooks that address the problems of epidemic diseases, including viral etiology, measures of control and prevention. The article draws attention to the shortcomings of the schemes oﬀered by the publications and makes recommendations for changing the content of the educational literature.
PR in social networks: features and benefits for B2B companies
Authors:   Moscow Humanitarian University, Mrochko L.V. , Polyakova L.A. ,   Moscow Humanitarian University
Published: April 2021

The author analyzes the main aspects of organizing digital communications for B2B companies in social networks, identifies the features of business communications for B2B, considers the popular platforms of social networks, reveals their capabilities, characteristics and methods of promotion. The specific implementation of online communications for B2B is determined by the example of PR famous companies. The author concludes that PR in social networks can bring real benefits to B2B business.
Experience in Modeling Associative Fields (Project “Multilingual Associative Thesaurus of Politeness”)
Authors: Stepykin N. I.
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to modeling associative fields vezhlivaya (f) and vezhlivyy (m) (polite) based on the materials of the project “Multilingual associative thesaurus of politeness”. The relevance of the study is due to the need to identify the structure and content of the associative-verbal network of a native speaker, which is possible when referring to the data of a free associative experiment. The author considers the combination of stimulus-response as a speech action. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the analysis of associative data is carried out based on the operational model of speech production of distributive activation, which makes it possible to explain the presence of various reactions in the structure of the associative field. When analyzing each speech action and operation, the principle of approaching the word as a unity of the acoustic image and concept is considered. This indissoluble unity is manifested in the simultaneous mechanism of speech actions of conceptualization and internal articulation. A comparative analysis of the associations of the respondents in the masculine and female groups based on the operational model of speech production of distributive activation made it possible to identify universal and gender-specific features in the structure and content of the analyzed associative fields. It is concluded that it is possible to use the speech production model developed by the author in modeling associative fields.
Modern Thesis Research of Linguoculturological Factors in the Theory and Practice of Translation: Approaches, Gaps, Prospects
Authors: Timko N. V.
Published: March 2021

The thesis research carried out over the past 11 years in line with the culturally oriented concept of translation is considered. The main views on the problems of translation presented in more than 200 thesis in the specialty 10.02.20 for 2009—2020 are summarized. The novelty of this study lies in the fact that for the first time an attempt is made to review thesis research on translation topics, considering the “cultural component” as an anticommunicative factor that requires neutralization during translation. The relevance of studying this issue is due to the need to systematize diverse and sometimes contradictory studies in the field of translation, as well as to identify scientific gaps in the translation paradigm that need to be filled. In the process of work, the methods of generalization and interpretation of the results revealed the main approaches to the study of key concepts of translation studies: comparative-transformational and communicative-functional. The key concepts relevant for the study of the factor “culture” in translation were “linguo-ethnic barrier”, “without / equivalence”, “non / translatability”, “strategies for linguocultural adaptation of the text”. Particular attention is paid to identifying problem areas of the science of translation that require further development, which will expand the understanding of the state of modern translation, culturally oriented research, as well as contribute to the general theory of translation.
Lexicography of New Words with the Semantics of Unity and Enmity
Authors: Shchetinina A. V.
Published: March 2021

The question of the lexicographic description of new words that appeared in the Russian in the period from 2000 to 2020, the thematic groups “Unity” and “Enmity” is considered. A prospectus of an explanatory dictionary of neologisms is presented, namely: the principles of selecting nominations for registration, the structure of a dictionary entry, the rules for describing a lexical unit. It is noted that linguistic facts are registered, in the meanings of which the semes of unity and enmity are contained in the denotative part of the meaning, and words, the semantics of which is determined by the evaluative attitude of the speakers, are not recorded. The inclusion of new linguistic units in the dictionary is substantiated due to their absence in other lexicographic sources or a description in a smaller volume than is planned in the source being created. It is pointed out that the leading principles of registering new words in the dictionary being created are the activity of their use, the integrity of the description and the attitude towards the reflection of the linguistic worldview. Using the example of neologisms of different parts of speech, the structure of a dictionary entry is described, which includes, in addition to the heading word and meaning, grammatical and stylistic characteristics, information about the origin and valence, illustrative material demonstrating variants of use in speech, equivalent lexical units, antonyms and derivatives.
Prospects of News Televsion: Materials of In-Depth Interviews
Authors: Volkova I. I. , Proskurnova E. L. , Tran T. T. D.
Published: March 2021

The issues of the development of traditional news television in the context of a single information space are considered. The goal is to look at how much content creators and consumers agree in their predictions about the future of TV. The data of in-depth interviews were used as empirical material: professional television journalists (federal TV channels) and students (PFUR “Television” department) were interviewed. The contradictions between the two basic types of media consumption, which are characteristic of addressers and addressees of television messages, are revealed. It is shown that these contradictions explain the generational gap in the perception of modern news television programs, predetermine the decrease in TV consumption of news content from federal channels designed for a mass audience. The relevance of the work is due to the rethinking of the functions and prospects for the development of traditional TV by both professional broadcasters and consumers. The conclusion is made about the further development of news television. It is noted that, on the one hand (the opinion of professionals), traditional television broadcasting will be preserved while adjusting the agenda, rethinking interaction with the audience, changing the broadcasting paradigm, mastering new competencies by professional journalists and using the opportunities of the online space. On the other hand (students’ opinion), subject-to-object news broadcasting of federal channels will cease to exist when the generation of viewers and the funding model change.
Mediatization as a Factor in Increasing Interest in Modern Popular Science Media (“Science and Life” and “Popular Mechanics”)
Authors: Demchenko P. N. , Maltsev I. V.
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the study of multimedia tools that are used when placing content in online versions of popular science publications. The relevance of the issue is due to the need to use new convergent forms of promotion of printed publications in the field of mass communications. The novelty of the study is seen in the fact that for the first time the process of multimediaization in the popular science segment of the media is described. The role that multimedia tools play in the development of modern popular science media is shown. Particular attention is paid to topical problems of the functioning of popular science journals, possible ways to solve them, as well as, in this regard, the potential of multimedia. The content analysis and comparative research of electronic and printed versions of popular science magazines “Science and Life” and “Popular Mechanics” are presented. The question is raised about how multimedia expands the opportunities for brand promotion. On the basis of the results obtained, conclusions were formulated about the more effective use of multimedia in popular science media. The definitions of multimedia are given and the classification of the functions of multimedia elements in the publications of Internet media is proposed. It has been proven that modern popular science media does not use the entire range of multimedia elements in Internet versions, which negatively affects their popularization.
Publitsistika in Creative Work of I.A. Bunin
Authors: Dyakina A. A.
Published: March 2021

The article discusses the issue of refraction of the categories “publitsistika” (publicism) and “publitsistichnost” (with the elements of publicism) in the work of I. A. Bunin. It is shown that the definition of “publitsistika” in the categorical sense is applicable, first of all, to his works of the period of emigration, which are of a socio-political nature. Particular attention is paid to the origins of literary-critical and memoir publitsistika, outlined in Bunin’s early articles and essays, in which signs of “publitsistichnost” are found, expanding the boundaries of the declared topic to the level of social problems. The author dwells on certain features characteristic of the future publiсistic manner of the writer: a tendency to polemics, a straightforward position, open attacks towards opponents, the use of artistry. The relevance of the study is due to the need to consider early literary critical articles, essays by Bunin, his «Speeches on the anniversary of the newspaper “Russkie vedomosti”» and publiсistic of the mature period as an integral creative process that has its own dynamics. The novelty of the research is seen in the proposed approach to considering the specifics of the writer’s publicistic heritage, which consists in a systemic and holistic understanding, the involvement of integrative humanitarian knowledge as a context and comments. It is proposed to use mathematical and informational research methods approved by the author in the textual analysis of Bunin’s publicistic works.
Onomastic Code in the Works of Dina Rubina “Napoleon Convoy” and “The White Dove of Cordoba”
Authors: Kihney L. G. , Tulusheva E. S.
Published: March 2021

The semantic and plot-generating functions of the onomastic paradigm in the works of Dina Rubina “Napoleon wagon train” and “The White Dove of Cordoba” is examined in the article. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the trilogy “Napoleon’s Wagon Train” has not previously been subjected to scientific analysis, nor has the artistic techniques of this trilogy been compared with those of other works by Dina Rubina. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that, based on the material of the latest novels by Rubina, repeated motives of the reification and humanization of a name, giving it the status of an independent being, a character equal to the bearers of this name, are revealed. Attention is paid to the tendencies in the use of the onomastic code and its gravitation towards a certain type of characters, the life story of which is considered by the author in comparison with the characters who lose, hide and deliberately deform their names in an extensive chronotope, covering the period from the era of antiquity, the Renaissance and the Napoleonic wars to the present day. It is proved that the onomastic code, manifested in novels included in different trilogies, appears as a structural component cementing all the later novelistic works of Dina Rubina as the author’s supertext, arranged according to uniform semantic laws. The proper name in Rubina’s works is a meta-symbol, a sign of personality identification in its uniqueness and in the history of the clan and family.
Tolstoy’s Text in Works of R. Akutagawa
Authors: Kuryanova V. V. , Segal N. A.
Published: March 2021

The supertext in the works of one of the most popular and mysterious Japanese writers of the early 20th century — Ryunosuke Akutagawa examined in the article. The relevance of this study is due to the fact that the problem of considering supertexts is one of the promising interdisciplinary areas of modern humanitarian knowledge. It is pointed out that in literary criticism there are quite a few works on topos texts, but very few works devoted to the nominal supertext, which is Tolstoy’s text. It is emphasized that Tolstoy’s text began to be created especially actively at the beginning of the twentieth century, and Tolstoy’s personality itself aroused interest not only in his homeland, but throughout the world. It is noted that the author’s extensive correspondence with public figures in Japan is known. It is argued that the fiction and journalistic texts of the Russian classic influenced the development of the national literature of Japan. Particular attention is paid to the issue of including in the text the personal myth of Leo Tolstoy as the basis of the Tolstoy’s text in the works of Akutagawa. It is shown that the Japanese writer refers to the story of the Yasnaya Polyana wise old man, using the episode of reconciliation between Turgenev and Tolstoy as the plot of the story “Woodcock”. In conclusion, the authors note that in their later works (“Cogwheels”, “The Life of an Idiot”) Akutagawa questions the sincerity of L. Tolstoy’s faith in God, interpreting the mythologeme “Leo Tolstoy and Religion” in an original way.
Experience of Developing a database of storytellers of the Yakut Epos
Authors: Lvova S. D. , Gerasimova L. N.
Published: March 2021

The results of the analysis of the basic principles of compiling the database “Olonkhosuts of Yakutia of the 17th—20th centuries” — about the storytellers of the Yakut national epic are presented. The relevance of the research is determined by some difficulties in the systematization and design of the information content of the repository. A brief overview of the history of the study of the personalities of Yakut storytellers is given, the stages of database development are discussed in detail. It is noted that as a result of the generalization of the material a reference book that contains more than 1300 names of storytellers of the 17th-20th centuries was published by the team of the Olonkho Research Institute of M. K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University. Problems identified in the process of filling in the cells are described. Particular attention is paid to entering data in the national language, their transliteration and translation into Russian. The definition of the types of the second names of olonkhosuts is given, the expediency of allocating a separate field for nicknames-pseudonyms reflecting the status and popular recognition of the talent of the narrator is substantiated. A sample database table on olonkhosuts is presented. As a result of the study, the parameters for selecting data for inclusion in the repository were compiled, the need for additional research work to identify the facts of the change of residence of olonkhosuts was determined, and recommendations were proposed for improving the principles of information content of the database.
Lyrical Works of Elise Mercer: Toward a Typology of Poets of French Romanticism
Authors: Pinkovsky V. I.
Published: March 2021

As part of the development of the typology of the authors of French romanticism, the creative type represented by the French poetess Élisa Mercœur is determined (Élisa Mercœur, 1809—1835). The relevance of the work is due to the fact that the creation of a typology is a way both to streamline the studied material and to explore new, operating not with a disparate set of facts and subjective opinions, but with generalized conventional concepts. It is noted that the materials about Élisa Mercœur are currently in a state that requires such a typological design. As a result of the study, it was established that the poet, on the one hand, belongs to the category of writers whose biographies are mythologized in a romantic spirit. On the other hand, it is shown that she belongs to a rather numerous category of romantic writers who have creative abilities in the absence of a vivid originality and therefore are intended to popularize the achievements of outstanding authors, practically creating a “language of direction”, but nevertheless developing their own themes (mostly related to the privacy of authors). A typology of creative models of romantic lyrics is proposed in the article; one of the models that combines the authenticity of feelings and moderate complexity of the language of expression is the original work of Élisa Mercœur.
Constructing Solidarity in Belarusian Press during the Soviet Period
Authors: Biyumena A. A.
Published: March 2021

The results of a study of the discourse of solidarity in the Soviet Russian-language press of Belarus of the post-war period on the basis of the publications of the newspaper “Sovetskaya Belorussia” is presented in the article. The directions of solidarity in media discourse are determined depending on the inclusion of an object in the group of “friends” or “aliens”. Attention is paid to the construction of solidarity both in publications about the internal life of the country and in articles about the “Western” states and countries of the socialist camp. The relevance of the study is due to the need to study the means of solidarity of the media audience in different historical periods, including during crises. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that the objects for analysis are newspaper texts with a pragmatic goal-setting of constructing solidarity. The key words of the media discourse of solidarity of the Soviet period are revealed: lexemes with the meaning of compatibility; words labeling “friends” according to the class principle; units emphasizing the responsibility of a person for a joint business; vocabulary of the semantic groups “Struggle” and “Labour”. It has been proved that the solidarity constructed by the mass media was aimed at the awareness of the citizens of the country of their involvement in the common cause and common values, at the legitimization of political power and the formation of mutual understanding between members of society.
A.S. Pushkin — N.A. Nekrasov: aspects of dialogical poetics
Authors: Filippovsky G. Yu.
Published: March 2021

The question of dialogical poetics in the epic texts of A. S. Pushkin and N. A. Nekrasov is considered. Attention is paid to the actual topic of Pushkin’s influences in the epic of Nekrasov. The results of a comparative analysis of the poetics of “Eugene Onegin” by Pushkin and the epic poems of Nekrasov are presented. The question of the continuity of the epic poetics of writers is raised, special attention is paid to the originality of this component of their works. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the aspects of the dialogue poetics of the epic texts of Russian classics are considered for the first time. The relevance of the study is due to the need for new views on the relationship between the epic poetics of Pushkin and Nekrasov. The definitions of the categories of immanent and comparative epic poetics of both creators are given. The author dwells on the function of motives in the epic texts of Pushkin and Nekrasov. It has been proven that it was Nekrasov’s epic that made him the real successor of Pushkin’s genius. A classification of the leading features of the epic poetics of the classics is proposed. The review of existing scientific research on the dialogical poetics of Pushkin and Nekrasov is carried out. The author’s development of the epic typology of their texts is presented. The author’s experience of many years of work on the material of the poetic heritage of Pushkin and Nekrasov is described.
Otherworldly Space in Novel by Lyudmila Ulitskaya “Kukotsky Enigma”
Authors: Khudenko E. A. , Glazinskaya E. T.
Published: March 2021

The features of the image of the otherworldly space in the novel “The Kukotsky Enigma” are considered. The relevance of the topic is due to Lyudmila Ulitskaya’s understanding of the text as a tool with which one can “see the otherworldly”. The concepts of “otherworldly” and “otherworldly space” have been differentiated. The main principles of the image of the otherworldly space in the novel are highlighted: mirroring, carnivalization, its timeless arrangement. Attention is paid to the level organization of space in the novel. The mythologemes of water, sand and fire as fillers of space are investigated. It is noted that the novel “The Kukotsky Enigma” is characterized by the connection of the other world with reality through a number of border spaces: dreams, motives of water and illness. It is noted that the water in the novel is a “portal” to the other world, in which it is transformed into sand; the possibility of rebirth in the Middle World, the author solves the problems of the moral and philosophical order. It is concluded that the Middle World desert is associated with the female womb, where the characters are experiencing a new birth. It is shown that the space also determines the change of the onomapoetic code: the characters traveling in the Middle World change their names to nicknames, and the names remain with the characters who crossed the border of no return and remained permanent inhabitants of the other world.
Creation of the Kingdom of Poland in the Discourse of the Russian Press
Authors: Belousov M. S. , Belousov A. S. , Kuru A. I.
Published: March 2021

This article is devoted to the analysis of the rhetoric presented in the Russian press in 1814—1818 regarding the imperial policy in the newly annexed Kingdom of Poland. The aim of the authors is to show that it is necessary to separate the real policy of the Russian autocracy in this territory from the images created first by French publicists, and then repeatedly exaggerated by Russian journalists. It is noted that Alexander I in 1814—1818 appears on the pages of French publications as a tsar-liberator. It is shown that these stories were quickly picked up by Russian newspapers and magazines and, as a result, a paradoxical picture emerged: for several years the mass media convinced the Russian society that the Russian Tsar was the new Polish national sovereign. It is argued that this, of course, caused rejection in conservative circles and among advanced Westerners such as Vyazemsky or Turgenev. It is concluded that it is the dominant discourse that can be considered, on the one hand, one of the factors in the emergence of the Decembrist movement, and on the other, a “trap” for Alexander I, since the liberal rhetoric of the press over time began to diverge more and more from the real policy of the Russian autocracy.
“Lithuania” and “Russia” in the Reflection of Travelogues: from Karpini to Herberstein
Authors: Dvornichenko A. Yu.
Published: March 2021

The so-called travelogues, that is, “notes” (“legends”) of foreigners about the Russian state, are considered. The main attention is paid to the representation in these literary works of the spatial representations of their authors in connection with the history of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (the Lithuanian-Russian state). The relevance of the study is due to the lack of demand for travelogues, despite the fact that they found themselves in the field of vision of large, sometimes famous historians. Another aspect of relevance is shown — the topicality of the study of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania itself and the travelogues, as such. The results of a comparative analysis of the spatial perception system of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania by the authors of travelogues up to the famous “Notes” by Sigismund Herberstein are presented. In this regard, first of all, the idea of the relationship between “Lithuania”, “Russia” and “Muscovy” in the geographical space of Eastern Europe is analyzed. It is concluded that the spatial representations of those who traveled through these territories or wrote on the basis of available information changed over time, reflecting, albeit in a distorted form, the complex processes of socio-political and ethnic development that took place in Eastern Europe, where the so-called Kievan Rus’, there were new, young states: the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Russia, which actually grew up on the same ethnic basis.
Soviet Trade in the 1960s — 1980s: Basic Principles and Their Distortion
Authors: Stoletova A. S.
Published: March 2021

The article reveals the problem of distortion of the socialist principles of Soviet trade in the economic practice of the state of the 1960s — 1980s, which is insufficiently illuminated in historical science, using the example of letters from Soviet citizens collected in the fund of the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History. Based on a review of a significant amount of archival sources, various kinds of deformations occurring in trade activities and their fixation in the public mind are demonstrated. It is emphasized that people’s ideas were the most important dimensions of social life, the economic dynamics of Soviet society and the social psychology of citizens. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of legislation as the main mechanism for regulating the development of the trade and economic area. It is argued that the lack of formation of the regulatory framework gave rise to such reality phenomena as deficit, overcharging, short weight and measurement of buyers, squandering, embezzlement, robbing and theft of property, black market turnover. The circumstances of the incorporation of the phenomenon of fellowship and nepotism into the stable custom of everyday life are commented. The author comes to the conclusion that class conflicts emerged in the socio-economic structure of Soviet society in the 1960s — 1980s, while the urgent facts of the system’s crisis were generated by the duality of the line of power.
Figurative Means of Representing the Milky Way in Russian Fiction of XIX — Early XXI Centuries
Authors: Borodina N. A.
Published: March 2021

This article is an analysis of the linguistic means of figurative representation of the Milky Way in the prose works of Russian authors of the XIX — early XXI centuries. It is established that the basis for the creation of metaphorical models, in which the astroobject Milky Way is one of the components, are the similarity of external outlines, parametric indicators, the identity of light and structural characteristics, while the attraction of only perceptual signs significantly limits the possibilities for comparison. It is shown that the length of the stellar system determines its metaphorical representation as a water body, road, fabric or fiber, a bridge or its component part, an arc, a parabola, a fraction, a procession, a lane, a belt, a ski track, spilled milk, a tail. It is noted that the relative position of the celestial bodies that form the Milky Way leads to its assimilation to fog, cloud, smoke or dust; the luminosity of the stars entering the galaxy resembles the brilliance of silver and gold, and their large number is emphasized by the metaphor “Milky Way — many small objects or particles”. The author comes to the conclusion that the images that arise during the metaphorization of an astroobject differ in the frequency of use, while hydronymic, meteorological, artifact metaphors, as well as the metaphor of a path-road, are productive.
Metaphorical Image of Future of Russia in Context of Constitutional Reform of 2020 (French Media)
Authors: Zaripov R. I. , Budaev E. V.
Published: March 2021

The article examines the cognitive patterns of the representation of the image of the future of Russia in the French media (Le Monde, L’Express, Le Point, RFI, Libération, Le Nouvel Observateur). The analysis of a corpus of 140 French metaphors, updated in the context of the constitutional reform in Russia in 2020 and performing a predictive function in the process of conceptualizing the future of Russia, is carried out. It is noted that in order to achieve the set goal of the work, it is advisable to use the method of cognitive research of metaphors, united by the target sphere of metaphorical expansion. The results of the analysis of the leading metaphorical models of the image of the future of Russia are presented: “The future of Russia is the past / USSR / old age / decline”, “Russia in the future is an absolute monarchy / limited space / fortified military facility”. It is shown that the image of the future of Russia is formed in the French media exclusively by negative metaphorical word usage. It is concluded that the metaphorical expressions used to describe the constitutional reform in Russia in 2020 are being updated by the French political elites to form the image of Russia as an undemocratic country devoid of a positive future.
Strategies for the Mediatization of Legal Concepts in Russian Mass Media of XXI Century (Concept LEGITIMACY)
Authors: Kondratyeva O. N. , Ignatova Yu. S.
Published: March 2021

The role of mass media in the processes of interpretation and assessment of various fragments of reality is discussed in the article. The problem of the entry of legal concepts into the media discourse is raised and the task is set to study the changes occurring in this process, which ultimately lead to the formation of new conceptual units — media concepts. The designated task is solved in the process of analyzing one of the key legal concepts LEGITIMACY. It has been demonstrated that the Russian mass media significantly modify each of the three components of the legal concept, that is, the media virus is “implanted” into the conceptual, figurative and value layers. It allows us to speak of three strategies of mediatization: definitional, metaphorical and evaluative. It is shown that the definitional strategy contributes to the emergence of new features in the conceptual layer of the LEGITIMACY concept (‘trust’, ‘approval’, ‘support’, ‘respect’, ‘fairness’, ‘the phenomenon of consciousness’ and ‘subjective feeling’). It is noted that the metaphorical strategy additionally forms such linguo-culturally specific features as ‘defectiveness’ and ‘object of political manipulation’, the evaluative strategy gives the positively perceived concept of LEGITIMACY a negative connotation (conceptual signs of ‘doubtfulness’ and ‘imaginary’ develop), which is an alarming marker reflecting the current situation in Russian society. It is pointed out that the recorded changes indicate the importance of the discursive factor in the study of concepts.
Content Analysis of Rock Poetry Texts when Describing the Semantics of the WAY and ROAD Symbols
Authors: Avdeenko I. A.
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the question of methods for describing lexical semantics. Special attention is paid to symbols — linguistic signs expressing the worldview of culture. The relevance of the study is due to the need to develop an objective description methodology that meets both modern concepts of the semantics of a word and the nature of a symbol. A review of modern concepts of the word meaning is carried out. The question is raised about the possibility of describing the semantics of a symbol based on the analysis of the contextual environment of a linguistic sign. Attention is paid to cases of direct, figurative, symbolic and regular arbitrary use of the word. The author’s development of a methodology for qualitative and quantitative content analysis of a representative sample of texts in describing the semantics of a symbol is presented. The classification of the levels of analysis of the composition of words that form the context of the use of the symbol is proposed. The author dwells on the stages and procedures for extracting the semantics of a symbol from the context in which it is used. The results of a comparative analysis of the semantics of the WAY and ROAD symbols in the language of Russian rock poetry are presented. It is proved that the presented methodology allows describing the semantics of a symbol, relying not on the abstract logic of the relationship of concepts, but on the semantic relations fixed in the text. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that this technique allows us to consider a symbol not as an occasional, but as a linguistic unit, regularly reproduced by the carriers of the corresponding representations.
Milan Cathedral Project: To the Historiography of the Question
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Mamlina Aleksandra
Published: April 2021

The prehistory of the new Duomo constructed instead of the old Cathedral of Santa Maria Maggiore (winter cathedral) and the Basilica of Santa Tecla (summer cathedral) remains a matter of debate. For a long time historiography attributes the main role in the renovation of the Duomo to the first Duke of Milan, Giangaleazzo Visconti. The first attempts to reassess the contribution of Giangaleazzo to the founding of the cathedral met with radical rejection. The question of the origin of the project itself (whether it was developed by Lombard or foreign engineers), as well as whether it has undergone changes in the initial phases of construction and what this may be due to, remains controversial. The article presents an analysis of the latest historiography on the theme.
Artistic Features of Krylovʼs Fable “Titmouse”
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kimyagarova Roza
Published: April 2021

The article analyzes the fable “Titmouse” – one of the Ivan Krylov’s earliest works. The innovative techniques of the fabulist are dicussed, as well as the connection of the plot, original, not borrowed, with folk proverbs, and the author’s striving for laconicism; the lexical and stylistic features of the fable are considered.
“Dangerous” Cantemir
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Dovgy Olga
Published: April 2021

The paper is devoted to a facet of Cantemirʼs works that didn’t strike eye of the learned world – his relationship with the highest censorship. In 1852 A. Smirdin decided to republish the volume of Cantemir and Chemnitser’s volume, published in 1847 in the series “Complete Collection of Russian Authors”. The article presents the entire censorship “kitchen” in connection with the alleged publication. All the arguments “pro” and “contra” are absolutely universal and can explain a lot in the complex publication life of Cantemir’s works. The culmination is the peremptory resolution of Emperor Nicholas I, a carefully verified censorship presentation on the works of Cantemir. The hateful words of the monarch about the writer two centuries distaut from him testify to the relevance of Cantemirʼs satire.