bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFEKTYWNE ZARZĄDZANIE FINANSAMI W MIĘDZYNARODOWYM
SYSTEMIE HOTELOWYM ACCORHOTELS
Authors: GÓRSKA-WARSEWICZ HANNA , ŁUCZAK SŁAWOMIR GRZEGORZ , MATOGA MARIUSZ LESZEK
Published: February 2018

Celem opracowania była analiza wybranych aspektów efektywnego zarządzania finansami międzynarodowego
systemu hotelowego AccorHotels. Na podstawie raportu rocznego AccorHotels
za 2015 rok dokonano analizy finansowej na trzech poziomach: całego systemu hotelowego,
łańcuchów hoteli oraz wybranych hoteli. Zwrócono uwagę na specyfikę zarządzania finansami
w międzynarodowym systemie hotelowym w odniesieniu do dwóch wyodrębnionych grup HotelInvest
i HotelService.
ORGANIZACJA GASTRONOMII HOTELOWEJ NA PRZYKŁADZIE
HOTELU MARRIOTT W WARSZAWIE
Authors: ORŁOWSKI DOMINIK , WOŹNICZKO MAGDALENA
Published: February 2018

Gastronomia hotelowa ma znaczący wpływ na opinię o całym hotelu i niejednokrotnie jest
czynnikiem, który decyduje o wyborze obiektu przez gości. Dlatego bardzo ważna w działalności
każdego hotelu jest organizacja usług gastronomicznych, odpowiedni dobór menu
i profesjonalna obsługa kelnerska. Głównym zadaniem hotelowego działu Food & Beverage
powinna więc być przede wszystkim dbałość o gości hotelowych i dążenie do ich pełnego
zadowolenia.
W artykule przedstawiono model nowoczesnego hotelu. Omówiono usługi gastronomiczne
występujące w hotelach. Zaprezentowano historię i powstanie korporacji Marriott na świecie. Na zakończenie scharakteryzowano organizację usług gastronomicznych na przykładzie działalności
pięciogwiazdkowego hotelu Marriott w Warszawie.
TURYSTYKA WIEJSKA NA PRZYKŁADZIE POWIATU ŁOSICKIEGO
Authors: MĄCZKA DOROTA , KOZAK AGNIESZKA
Published: February 2018

Turystyka wiejska to forma turystyki w obszarach poza aglomeracjami miejskimi, dająca turystom
możliwość odpoczynku w ciszy, spokoju i odmienności. Związana jest z agroturystyką, która
pozwala na poznanie życia rodziny wiejskiej, daje możliwość obejrzenia i uczestnictwa w ciekawych
zajęciach charakterystycznych dla terenów wiejskich. Turystyka wiejska łączy się również
z turystyką kulturową, umożliwiającą poznanie dziedzictwa kulturowego występującego na wsi, przykładami mogą być sztuka ludowa, mała architektura sakralna. Powiat łosicki ze względu na
swoje walory przyrodnicze i kulturowe ma szanse na rozwój turystyki wiejskiej w oparciu o bogatą
bazę agroturystyczną i wypoczynkową.
TURYSTYKA UZDROWISKOWA W POLSCE
Authors: MAKAŁA HALINA
Published: February 2018

W pracy przedstawiono zasady funkcjonowania turystyki uzdrowiskowej w Polsce. Omówiono
zadania lecznictwa uzdrowiskowego oraz profile lecznicze. Przedstawiono rolę kształcenia
i szkolenia kadry pracującej w lecznictwie uzdrowiskowym oraz formy świadczonych w nim
usług.
NARZĘDZIA MARKETINGU MIX W DZIAŁALNOŚCI WYBRANYCH GOSPODARSTW AGROTURYSTYCZNYCH POWIATU BIALSKIEGO
Authors: KOZAK AGNIESZKA , MĄCZKA DOROTA
Published: February 2018

Marketing jest jednym z najpowszechniej stosowanych narzędzi zarządzania we współczesnym
biznesie. Dotyczy to każdej prowadzonej działalności, czy to gospodarczej, czy o charakterze
non profit. Jego celem jest optymalizacja działań mających za zadanie rozpoznanie potrzeb
i preferencji konsumenta, zamianę ich na realny popyt na dobra i usługi, a potem zaspokajanie
tego popytu ku zadowoleniu klienta i z zyskiem dla organizacji. Celowi temu służą narzędzia
marketing mixu.
Prezentowana praca ma na celu identyfikację narzędzi marketingu mix w działalności agroturystycznej.
Research on the Qualities of Cellulosic Yarn
Authors: Frydrych Iwona , Su Xuzhong , Qin Xiaoxuan , Qin Xiaoxuan , Qin Xiaoxuan , Liu Xinjin , Liu Xinjin , Xie Chunping , Xu Bojun
Published: February 2018

Cellulosic fibre is a kind of renewable fibre that has attracted more and more attention in textile processing recently. Yarn spinning is the first fundamental process in textile processing. Therefore, in this paper, taking viscose fibre and tencel fibre as examples, the qualities of cellulosic yarn were studied. Three kinds of pure viscose and tencel yarn: 14.6 tex (40S), 9.7 tex (60S) and 7.3 tex (80S), were spun on a ring spinning system modified with lattice apron compact spinning (LACS) and complete condensing spinning (CCS), respectively. The spun yarn qualities, yarn evenness, breaking strength and hairiness, were tested and comparatively analysed. Then two kinds of cellulosic blend yarn including 14.6 tex, 9.7 tex and 7.3 tex JC/R 60/40 yarn, and 14.6 tex, 9.7 tex and 7.3 tex JC/T 70/30 yarns were spun on a ring spinning system modified with CCS. The spun yarn evenness, breaking strength and hairiness were tested, and the cross sections of the spun yarns were presented using a Y172 Hardy’s thin cross-section sampling device. The results show that for both the pure viscose and tencel yarn, compared with LACS, CCS has better yarn evenness, a little lower yarn breaking strength and a little more hairiness, while the uniformity of yarn qualities are all improved. For the cellulosic blend yarn, compared with the pure cellulosic yarn, yarn evenness is worse, especially for the cotton and tencel blend yarn.
THE ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND HUMAN IMPACTS OF USING STRONG ALKALINE WATER FOR COOLING DURING MACHINING
Authors: DA SILVA Paulo , TANABE Ikuo , JUNIOR Da Cruz R , TAKAHASHI Satoshi
Published: February 2018

An eco-friendly manufacturing approach is important for the environment. Enhancing machining performances is not only required to improve product’s quality, time saving, and reduces costs; it is also contributed to
the environmental protection efforts. Cooling is important aspect for obtaining this purpose. Therefore
the benefits of Strong Alkaline Water (SAW) cooling method was assessed and compared with conventional wet cutting method. An experiment was performed at Nagaoka University of Technology machining centre.
Three machine tools including a milling machine, a drilling machine and a turning machine were used. The study shows that using SAW for cooling is far more efficient than conventional cooling method. It reduces annual global warming potential by 72.95%, acidification potential 98.18%, ozone depletion potential 99.6%, smog formation potential 85.71% and human toxicity potential 42.86% compare with conventional method.
The study concludes that besides inhibiting corrosion, prolonging tool life, improving surface roughness of final cutting and reducing energy usage, strong alkaline water cooling is an environmentally friendly approach and has positive impact on human health.
THE EFFECT OF CHANGES IN DEPTH OF CUT ON SURFACE ROUGHNESS
IN MACHINING OF AISI 316 STAINLESS STEEL
Authors: JAROSZ Krzysztof , LÖSCHNER Piotr
Published: February 2018

Currently, process optimization is an important part of design of CNC toolpath, allowing overall process improvement in accordance to a range of criteria. Available CAE software for CNC toolpath optimization works only by changing the feed rate value specified in the base toolpath. The authors are planning to devise a solution allowing for optimization of other process parameters, including depth of cut. In some cases, it would be important for surface roughness to remain unaltered after optimization by means of increasing depth of cut. In this work, the effect of depth of cut on surface roughness was investigated. Depth of cut was altered for the roughing pass, while technological parameters for the finish pass remained constant. Roughness measurements were performed on-machine after rough turning and finish turning. The authors have found that depth of cut has a noticeable effect on investigated roughness parameters, both in the case of rough turning and subsequent finish turning operations.
THE EFFECT OF ALTERNATIVE CUTTER PATHS ON FLATNESS DEVIATIONS IN THE FACE MILLING OF ALUMINUM PLATE PARTS
Authors: DOBRZYNSKI Michal , CHUCHALA Daniel , ORLOWSKI Kazimierz A.
Published: February 2018

In this paper the relationships between the alternative machining paths and flatness deviations of the aluminum plate part, were presented. The flatness tolerance of the main surface of the plate part has crucial meaning due to the assembly requirement of piezoelectric elements on the radiator. The aluminum bodies under investigation are the base part of the radiators with crimped feathers for the train industry. The surface of the aluminum plate part was milled using three different milling strategies: along of longer or shorter side of workpiece and at an angle of 45°. The aluminum bodies were machined on milling centre ecoMILL 70 DMG MORI. The flatness deviation measurements were carried out on the Coordinated Measuring Machine Altera 7.5.5 Nikon Metrology NV. These measurements were made during the manufacturing process of the radiator, namely after machining, however, before the process crimping of feathers. The results that were obtained enables the validation
of assumed milling path strategies in connection of the subsequent machining and assembly processes.
Open Praxis vol. 10 issue 1
Authors: Gil-Jaurena (ed.), various authors Inés
Published: February 2018

The first Open Praxis issue in volume 10 includes six research papers section and two innovative practice papers.
El discurso del fin: historia, arte y filosofía
Authors: García Rodríguez Marta
Published: February 2018

Discurrir sobre el final de la historia, del arte o de la filosofía se ha convertido en una actividad frecuente y fructífera en la historiografía filosófica de los últimos decenios. En el presente artículo se analizan el origen, las relaciones y las implicaciones de dichos discursos, siendo su eje la filosofía hegeliana. La tesis principal es que, para salvarlos, han de ser interpretados como afirmaciones performativas.
Pensar la vida común desde los feminismos
Authors: L. Gil Silvia
Published: February 2018

 

Resumen: La insistencia de las filosofías de la segunda mitad del siglo veinte en los discursos, la contingencia de los significantes y la crítica a los universales parecería precipitarnos a la pospolítica, un tiempo donde la transformación se declara imposible. Sin embargo, las prácticas feministas que surgen en el contexto de la llamada crisis del sujeto del feminismo, marcado por la dispersión y las nuevas formas de poder contemporáneas, son una oportunidad para pensar otra política no esencialista ni unitaria. Esta otra política, en la que se juegan otras maneras de conocer y ser, pasa por el reconocimiento y la construcción de una política de lo común.

 
De vagos y maleantes a peligrosos sociales: cuando la homosexualidad dejó de ser un delito en España (1970-1979)
Authors: Galván García Valentín
Published: February 2018

A partir de la Ley de Peligrosidad y Rehabilitación Social (1970) se inició el movimiento social de liberación de gays y lesbianas. Desde la Agrupación Homosexual para la Igualdad Sexual (1972) se organizaron varios colectivos hasta aglutinarse en la Coordinadora de Frentes de Liberación Homosexual del Estado Español. En el contexto social y político de la transición lucharon junto con otros grupos marginales no sólo por la Derogación de la LPRS sino también ante la incomprensión de la mayoría de los partidos políticos marxistas, que eludieron enfrentarse a aspectos que reportaran un cambio en la sexualidad y en la institución familiar.

 

As a result of the Ley de Peligrosidad y Rehabilitación Social of 1970 (Social Danger and Social Rehabilitation Act), the gays and lesbians liberation movement was started. From the Agrupación Homosexual para la Igualdad Sexual in 1972 (Homosexual Group for Social Equality), different groups were organised until they developed into the Coordinadora de Frentes de Liberación Homosexual del Estado Español (Homosexual Liberation Fronts Committee from Spain). In the social and political context of the Spanish transition, they, together with marginal groups, fought not only for the abolition of the above mentioned law, but also against the incomprehension of most of the marxist parties,which avoided facing changes regarding with sexuality and the family institution.
Laissez faire, laisser passer: desigualdad estructural laboral y recortes presupuestarios
Authors: Gil Ruiz Juana María
Published: February 2018

El Pacto Europeo por la Igualdad de Género (2011-2020), en el contexto de la Estrategia 2020 deja claro tres áreas de intervención urgente en torno a la desigualdad estructural: desempleo y pobreza, el trabajo de cuidado y la violencia de género. Sin embargo, un análisis con perspectiva de género a los actuales Presupuestos Generales del Estado permite concluir el abandono de la protección de los objetivos europeos rubricados por España, que tienen que ver con el incumplimiento del principio vinculante del gender mainstreaming. Este artículo, partiendo del diagnóstico de la posición de las mujeres en la esfera laboral, analizará el abandono de estas tres áreas de intervención y la consecuente dejación de responsabilidades por parte del Estado español.
Promesas biotecnológicas. Determinismo genético, cáncer y maternidad por sustitución: un análisis crítico
Authors: Pérez Sedeño Eulalia
Published: February 2018

La biotecnología, sobre todo a partir del desciframiento del genoma humano, ha ofrecido muchas promesas, en su mayoría aún sin cumplir. Mediante el análisis feminista de algunas de estas promesas y el del caso de la maternidad por sustitución, veremos cómo los objetivos, fines  e imaginarios de estas biotecnologías afectan de manera desigual a las mujeres y puede ayudar a perpetuar las desigualdades existentes y el papel subordinado de las mujeres en nuestras sociedades. Análisis de este tipo pueden alertar al respecto y a minimizar los daños.

 

Abstract

Biotechnology, especially since the decipherment of the human genome, has offered many promises, most of which are still unfulfilled. Through the feminist analysis of some of these promises and the case of subrogated motherhood, we will see how the goals, ends and imaginary of these biotechnologies unequally affect women and can help to perpetuate existing inequalities and the subordinate role of Women in our societies. Analysis of this type can alert about, and minimize, damages.
Plus autonome ? L’évolution des structures de gouvernance des sociétés cotées françaises (1997-2008)
Authors: Hollandts Xavier , Borodak Daniela , Tichit Ariane
Published: February 2018

Le choix de la structure de gouvernance est susceptible d’avoir un impact majeur sur l’efficacité du gouvernement d’entreprise. Cet article a pour objectif d’analyser les variables influençant le choix d’une structure de gouvernance donnée : conseil d’administration avec PDG, conseil d’administration avec séparation des fonctions ou Directoire et Conseil de surveillance. Nos résultats basés sur une étude quantitative portant sur les sociétés françaises cotées montrent que la probabilité d’adoption d’une structure autonome est liée au degré d’enracinement du dirigeant, à la concentration du capital, l’identité des actionnaires, la composition du conseil et le contexte de performance.
Et si l’échec renforçait la légitimité ? Le cas singulier du capital-risqueur
Authors: Charreire-Petit Sandra , Dubocage Emmanuelle
Published: February 2018

Cet article pose la question des liens singuliers qu’entretiennent l’échec et la légitimité professionnelle. Nous choisissons le capital-risque pour explorer ces liens car les échecs y sont récurrents. La méthodologie est qualitative et prend appui sur une série d’entretiens semi-directifs. Nous montrons que l’échec est avant tout une affaire de perception. La syndication constitue la pratique professionnelle à travers laquelle la légitimité des capital-risqueurs est éprouvée. Nos investigations montrent que la légitimité n’est donc pas nécessairement altérée par l’échec. Tout dépend de la perception de l’échec (naturelle / dysfonctionnelle) et de la responsabilité de l’acteur dans cet échec (engagée / non engagée).
La genèse d’un centre de R&D à l’international. Le cas de l’industrie automobile
Authors: Dalmasso Cédric , Maniak Rémi
Published: February 2018

L’internationalisation de la R&D est une tendance lourde, mais très peu de travaux étudient la genèse de centres de R&D à l’international. L’article s’appuie sur l’analyse longitudinale de deux cas dans l’industrie automobile et montre que l’internationalisation de la R&D combine trois mécanismes constitutifs d’une « proximité organisée » : la construction de compétences et capacités, l’établissement de nouvelles routines et la constitution d’une légitimité interne et externe. Ces mécanismes s’inscrivent dans une temporalité longue, et sont à la base de l’enrichissement et de l’évolution des missions des centres de R&D à l’international.
La « logique du praticable » à l’épreuve de la pratique scientifique
Authors: Faure Samuel B. H. , Lequesne Christian
Published: February 2018

Cet article est une réflexion critique sur la« logique du praticable » de Vincent Pouliot quia contribué depuis dix ans à faire progresser lathéorie des Relations internationales. À partir de leurspropres travaux, les auteurs formulent trois questionnements relatifsà la « logique du praticable ».D’abord, ils s’interrogent sur l’enchâssementde la « logique du praticable » avec les logiquesréflexives dans la construction théorique de VincentPouliot. Ensuite, ils réfléchissent à sonopérationnalisation méthodologique. Enfin, ils examinentle statut des données empiriques et de leurs usages. Afind’assumer la rupture prônée par Vincent Pouliot, lesauteurs invitent à considérer plusieurs« logiques du praticable » et à se tournerdavantage encore vers la recherche ethnographique de terrain pourrenouveler la théorie des Relations internationales.
La logique du praticable dans le rétroviseur
Authors: Pouliot Vincent
Published: February 2018

Trois principaux arguments sont avancés en réponse aux textes critiques qui précèdent. Premièrement, loin de réfuter l’importance de la réflexivité, la logique du praticable en souligne les ressorts inarticulés. Même les tactiques diplomatiques les plus calculées reposent sur des savoir-faire incarnés qui, s’ils font rarement l’objet de discussions, n’en produisent pas moins des effets structurants. Deuxièmement, expliquer le changement et les événements extraordinaires forme un défi qui n’est pas hors de la portée analytique de la logique du praticable. Au contraire, les écarts de conduite et les transformations du sens commun découlent de la nature contingente et multiple de la logique du praticable. Troisièmement, le tournant pratique en ri s’inscrit dans le prolongement, et non à l’encontre, du tournant linguistique et de l’interprétivisme. Au final, mettre la logique du praticable à l’avant-plan, c’est diriger l’analyse sur les ressorts de l’inégalité et de la domination sociales, dans le prolongement de la sociologie politique de Pierre Bourdieu.
Militantisme socio-sanitaire et changement socio-spatial dans les villes tropicales : bilan de l’expérience camerounaise
Authors: Meva’a Abomo Dominique
Published: February 2018

Le militantisme socio-sanitaire désigne l’engagement (social, politique, économique, culturel ou environnemental) et l’agir individuel et/ou collectif dans le but de promouvoir la santé aux échelles individuelle, familiale et/ou communautaire. Sa contribution au changement sociospatial dans les villes camerounaises est mitigée à cause de la désarticulation structurelle et fonctionnelle entre les cinq composantes de l’univers du militantisme socio-sanitaire : acteurs sociaux, objet-militant, enjeu-militant, activisme et temporalité. Cette désarticulation entretient l’érodabilité de l’engagement socio-spatial volontaire. À l’étude de conclure qu’il faut faire de la ville camerounaise une priorité du militantisme socio-sanitaire, et du militantisme socio-sanitaire une priorité dans la ville camerounaise.
Le rôle du mode Project finance dans le développement de l’assurance engineering dans la phase de construction
Authors: Ammari Zohir , Guemmaz Souhil
Published: February 2018

Cette étude vise à mettre en évidence le rôle de la méthode de financement des grands projets, le Project Finance, dans le développement d’un aspect de l’assurance qui doit composer avec l’ingénierie non renouvelable. D’emblée, il y a lieu de signaler que le projet constitue un risque dont la gestion est possible durant la phase d’exploitation, mais que le véritable enjeu repose dans la capacité d’assembler toutes les composantes simultanément, ce qui nécessite la création et l’introduction de nouveaux outils qui serviront à apporter les modifications et les corrections techniques appropriées en lien avec cet aspect de l’assurance. Cette étude démontre sa pertinence et sa contribution par l’application de nouveaux outils et de nouvelles techniques relatives à l’assurance engineering, en prenant comme exemple la compagnie d’assurance en hydrocarbures CASH.
Non-native small terrestrial vertebrates in the Galapagos
Authors: Cisneros-Heredia Diego F
Published: February 2018

Humans have translocated thousands of species of flora, fauna and microorganisms to places they would never have reached on their own. Non-native species may have effects on biological communities, ecosystem functions and human populations. In island environments, the effects of spreading non-native species on native biodiversity can be severe and lead to native ecosystem transformation and even endemic species extinction. The Galapagos Islands are a region of particular interest and relevance to the issue of species introduction and invasiveness. In this paper, I analyse the current status of 25 non-native amphibians, reptiles and birds that have been reported in the Galapagos Islands. Six species have established self-sufficiently in Galapagos and may become invasive: Fowler’s snouted tree frog Scinax quinquefasciatus, common house gecko Hemidactylus frenatus, mourning gecko Lepidodactylus lugubris, dwarf gecko Gonatodes caudiscutatus, Peters’ leaf-toed gecko Phyllodactylus reissii, and smooth-billed ani Crotophaga ani. Domestic fowl Gallus gallus holds feral populations, which may have self-sufficient populations, but evidence is unclear. I provide information on the distribution and natural history of non-native species of amphibians, reptiles and birds in Galapagos, including new data about the introduction history of S. quinquefasciatus; evidence on the establishment of H. frenatus on Isabela and San Cristobal islands; the first published record of a non-native snake in Galapagos, Lampropeltis micropholis; the first evidence of predation on squamate reptiles by G. gallus in Galapagos; and evidence of a probable major impact by C. ani due to extensive predation on the endemic Galapagos carpenter bee Xylocopa darwini. I comment on the invasiveness and impact potential of non-native species in Galapagos, identify vulnerable islands for the arrival of non-native species, identify potential hitchhiker that could arrive in the future and propose that it is important to rethink about how we understand, manage and prevent introductions of non-native species. The new wave of introduced species in Galapagos is formed by small hitchhikers, species that are easily overlooked, may travel in high numbers and are highly linked to human-made environments.
Biochemical conversion of fruit rind of Telfairia occidentalis (Fluted Pumpkin) and poultry manure
Authors: Dahunsi Olatunde Samuel , Oranusi Solomon U , Efeovbokhan Vincent E , Enyinnaya Munachi , Zahedi Soraya , Ojediran John , Oluyori Peter , Izebere John
Published: February 2018

This study evaluated the potentials of Fluted pumpkin fruit rind and poultry manure for biogas generation. Mechanical and thermo-alkaline pre-treatments were applied to two samples labelled ‘O’ and ‘P’ while the third sample (Q) had no thermo-alkaline treatment. The physicochemical characteristics of the substrates revealed richness in nutrients and mineral elements. The modelling was done using the Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Networks and statistical prediction showed the process optimal conditions to be 30.02 o C, 7.90, 20.03 days, 5.94 g/kg and 4.01 g/kg for temperature, pH, retention time, total solids and volatile solids. Using the above set values, the biogas yield was predicted to be 2614.1, 2289.9 and 1003.3 10-3m3/kg VS for digestions ‘O’, ‘P’ and ‘Q’ respectively. The results showed that use of combination of pre-treatment methods enhanced the biogas yield in the pre-treated substrates. Analysis of the gas composition showed 66.5 ± 2.5 % Methane, 25 ± 1% Carbon dioxide; 58.5 ± 2.5 % Methane, 26 ± 1% Carbon dioxide; 54.5 ± 1.5 % Methane, 28 ± 2% Carbon dioxide for the three experiments respectively. All the obtained values show the models had a high predictive ability. However, the coefficient of determination (R2) for RSM was lower compared to that of ANN which is an indication that ANNs model is more accurate than RSM model in predicting biogas generation from the anaerobic co-digestion of rind of Fluted pumpkin and poultry manure. The substrates should be further used for energy generation.
C/EBPδ drives interactions between human MAIT cells and endothelial cells that are important for extravasation
Authors: Lee Chang Hoon , Zhang Hongwei H , Singh Satya P , Koo Lily , Kabat Juraj , Tsang Hsinyi , Singh Tej Pratap , Farber Joshua M
Published: February 2018

Many mediators and regulators of extravasation by bona fide human memory-phenotype T cells remain undefined. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like, antibacterial cells that we found excelled at crossing inflamed endothelium. They displayed abundant selectin ligands, with high expression of FUT7 and ST3GAL4, and expressed CCR6, CCR5, and CCR2, which played non-redundant roles in trafficking on activated endothelial cells. MAIT cells selectively expressed CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta (C/EBPδ). Knockdown of C/EBPδ diminished expression of FUT7, ST3GAL4 and CCR6, decreasing MAIT cell rolling and arrest, and consequently the cells’ ability to cross an endothelial monolayer in vitro and extravasate in mice. Nonetheless, knockdown of C/EBPδ did not affect CCR2, which was important for the step of transendothelial migration. Thus, MAIT cells demonstrate a program for extravasastion that includes, in part, C/EBPδ and C/EBPδ-regulated genes, and that could be used to enhance, or targeted to inhibit T cell recruitment into inflamed tissue.
In silicostructural and functional prediction of African swine fever virus protein-B263R reveals features of a TATA-binding protein
Authors: Kinyanyi Dickson , Obiero George , Obiero George F.O. , Amwayi Peris , Mwaniki Stephen , Wamalwa Mark
Published: February 2018

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the etiological agent of ASF, a fatal hemorrhagic fever that affects domestic pigs. There is currently no vaccine against ASFV, making it a significant threat to the pork industry. The ASFV genome sequence has been published; however, about half of ASFV open reading frames have not been characterized in terms of their structure and function despite being essential for our understanding of ASFV pathogenicity. The present study reports the three-dimensional structure and function of uncharacterized protein, pB263R (NP_042780.1), an open reading frame found in all ASFV strains. Sequence-based profiling and hidden Markov model search methods were used to identify remote pB263R homologs. Iterative Threading ASSEmbly Refinement (I-TASSER) was used to model the three-dimensional structure of pB263R. The posterior probability of fold family assignment was calculated using TM-fold, and biological function was assigned using TM-site, RaptorXBinding, Gene Ontology, and TM-align. Our results suggests that pB263R has the features of a TATA-binding protein and is thus likely to be involved in viral gene transcription.
Dificuldade escolar em crianças nascidas pequenas para a idade gestacional.
Authors: Rios Noemi Vieira de Freitas , Santiago Ana Cecília Travassos , Fernandes Luciene da Cruz , Alves Crésio
Published: February 2018

Introdução: a identificação precoce de dificuldades escolares em crianças nascidas pequenas para a idade gestacional (PIG) é importante para prevenir ou minimizar comprometimentos no desenvolvimento cognitivo e psicossocial.  Objetivo: Identificar e caracterizar a presença de dificuldade escolar em grupo de crianças PIG e compará-las com crianças nascidas adequadas para a idade gestacional (AIG). Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, descritivo, transversal, realizado com dados secundários. A população participante deste estudo constituiu-se de mães de crianças PIG (grupo-pesquisa) e AIG (grupo-controle), previamente estudadas por meio de coorte nos primeiros anos de vida, nascidas na rede pública de Salvador. Os dados das crianças e das respectivas mães sobre a situação demográfica, socioeconômica e de desenvolvimento foram coletados por meio de entrevista durante a consulta e a partir de revisão dos registros nos prontuários médicos. Resultados: a amostra estudada apresentou taxas consideráveis de crianças apresentando dificuldades escolares (pouco mais de 30%) em ambos os grupos. Quanto aos tipos de dificuldades relatadas pelas mães, a principal foi a timidez em ambos os grupos, além de dispersão e hiperatividade no grupo-pesquisa. Conclusão: ressalta-se a necessidade de novos estudos com um número maior de indivíduos e de dar continuidade ao acompanhamento a essas crianças, a fim de identificar problemas relacionados ao processo de desenvolvimento e escolarização.
Tempo de trânsito intestinal de indivíduos portadores de Síndrome Metabólica pela Escala de Bristol
Authors: Santos Luama Araújo dos , Lemaire Denise Carneiro , Coutinho-Lima Claubert Radamés Oliveira
Published: February 2018

Introdução: A síndrome Metabólica (SM) é um transtorno de origem multifatorial que envolve a elevação da circunferência da cintura, da glicemia, da pressão arterial e dos triglicerídeos e redução do HDL-colesterol. Na etiopatogenia deste transtorno, diversos fatores genéticos e ambientais estão envolvidos, dentre eles, a alteração da microbiota intestinal pode ser um dos agentes causais deste distúrbio. Devido aos elevados custos para analisar este ecossistema, e à sua impossibilidade na prática clínica, ferramentas podem ser utilizadas com a intenção de monitorar o funcionamento intestinal, a exemplo da Escala de Bristol. Material e Métodos: Foram avaliados indivíduos adultos e idosos com Síndrome Metabólica atendidos entre fevereiro de 2015 e maio de 2017. A síndrome metabólica foi definida de acordo com o preconizado pela Federação Internacional de Diabetes. Foi realizada anamnese com informações a respeito da consistência das fezes e coleta de medidas clínicas e antropométricas. Foi realizada análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: Foram incluídos neste estudo 186 pacientes, com predominância do sexo feminino (83,9%) e indivíduos adultos (55,1%). Dentre os critérios da SM, o mais presente foi a pressão arterial elevada (95,1%), e a maior parte dos indivíduos apresentaram ritmo intestinal normal pela Escala de Bristol (54,8%). Em relação à idade entre os grupos, o que apresentou ritmo lento, teve maior média de idade (69 anos) em relação aos grupos com ritmo normal e ritmo rápido (57 e 54 anos, respectivamente). Por sua vez, indivíduos com ritmo intestinal rápido, apresentaram maiores médias de índice de massa corporal. Considerações Finais: Indivíduos com Síndrome Metabólica parecem possuir tempo de trânsito intestinal adequado segundo a Escala de Bristol.
An Integrative Research Framework to Unravel the Interplay of Natural Hazards and Vulnerabilities
Authors: Di Baldassarre Giuliano , Nohrstedt Daniel , Mård Johanna , Burchardt Steffi , Albin Cecilia , Bondesson Sara , Breinl Korbinian , Deegan Frances M. , Fuentes Diana , Lopez Marc Girons , Granberg Mikael , Nyberg Lars , Nyman Monika Rydstedt , Rhodes Emma , Troll Valentin , Young Stephanie , Walch Colin , Parker Charles F.
Published: February 2018

Climate change, globalization, urbanization, social isolation, and increased interconnectedness between physical, human, and technological systems pose major challenges to disaster risk reduction (DRR). Subsequently, economic losses caused by natural hazards are increasing in many regions of the world, despite scientific progress, persistent policy action, and international cooperation. We argue that these dramatic figures call for novel scientific approaches and new types of data collection to integrate the two main approaches that still dominate the science underpinning DRR: the hazard paradigm and the vulnerability paradigm. Building from these two approaches, here we propose a research framework that specifies the scope of enquiry, concepts, and general relations among phenomena. We then discuss the essential steps to advance systematic empirical research and evidence‐based DRR policy action.
Adult Development in Health Professions Education: The Need for Self‐Care
Authors: Tisdell Elizabeth J. , Palmer Charles
Published: February 2018

This chapter focuses on negotiating life transitions that facilitate positive adult development, and the importance of self‐care for health professions educators.
Making the Transition: Clinical Practitioner to Health Professions Educator
Authors: Torre Dario M. , Durning Steven J.
Published: February 2018

This chapter describes the complex process of transition from a clinician to a health professional educator. A series of reflections are provided developing an in‐depth understanding of the authors’ developmental journey.
Top‐Split‐Gate Ambipolar Organic Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Yoo Hocheon , Lee Seon Baek , Lee Dong‐Kyu , Smits Edsger C. P. , Gelinck Gerwin H. , Cho Kilwon , Kim Jae‐Joon
Published: February 2018

Split‐gate ambipolar organic transistor technology is gaining interests as a practical solution for the implementation of complementary transistors. It is known that conventional ambipolar transistors suffer from poor DC gain, noise margin, and high power consumption, as they do not have a well‐defined off‐state region. A split‐gate device structure enables ambipolar transistors operating in a controlled unipolar mode (both p‐type and n‐type), resulting in superior inverter characteristics. A key challenge in previously reported split‐gate ambipolar organic thin‐film transistors is the strong current–voltage instabilities due to charge trapping at the dielectric interface. Here, the first split‐gate ambipolar organic transistors with top‐gate/bottom‐contact structure are demonstrated. Compared to the previous split‐gate devices, the top‐split‐gate ambipolar organic transistor exhibits superior electrical properties. The proposed device shows hysteresis‐free I–V characteristics as well as higher bias stress stability. Furthermore, the complementary inverter circuit using the proposed transistors is also demonstrated, which results in a higher output swing and DC gain compared to the baseline ambipolar inverter.
Covalent Functionalization of Black Phosphorus with Conjugated Polymer for Information Storage
Authors: Cao Yaming , Tian Xiangyu , Gu Junwei , Liu Bo , Zhang Bin , Song Sannian , Fan Fei , Chen Yu
Published: February 2018

Major disadvantages of black phosphorus (BP) are its poor air‐stability and poor solubility in common organic solvents. The best way to solve this problem is to incorporate BP into a polymer backbone or a polymer matrix to form novel functional materials that can provide both challenges and opportunities for new innovation in optoelectronic and photonic applications. As a proof‐of concept application, we synthesized in situ the first highly soluble conjugated polymer‐covalently functionalized BP derivative (PDDF‐g‐BP) which was used to fabricate a resistive random access memory (RRAM) device with a configuration of Au/PDDF‐g‐BP/ITO. In contrast to PDDF without memory effect, PDDF‐g‐BP‐based device exhibits a nonvolatile rewritable memory performance, with a turn‐on and turn‐off voltages of +1.95 V and −2.34 V, and an ON/OFF current ratio of 104. The current through the device in both the ON and OFF states is still kept unchanged even at 200th switching cycle. The PDDF/BP blends show a very unstable memory performance with a very small ON/OFF current ratio.
The Fourth Alloying Mode by Way of Anti‐Galvanic Reaction
Authors: Zhu Min , Wang Pu , Yan Nan , Chai Xiaoqi , He Lizhong , Zhao Yan , Xia Nan , Yao Chuanhao , Li Jin , Deng Haiteng , Zhu Yan , Pei Yong , Wu Zhikun
Published: February 2018

Anti‐galvanic reaction (AGR) not only defies classic galvanic theory but is a promising method for tuning the compositions, structures, and properties of noble‐metal nanoparticles. Employing AGR for the preparation of alloy nanoparticles has recently received great interest. Herein, we report an unprecedented alloying mode by way of AGR, in which foreign atoms induce structural transformation of the mother nanoparticles and enter the nanoparticles in a non‐replacement fashion. A novel, active‐metal‐doped, gold nanoparticle was synthesized by this alloying mode, and its structure resolved. A CdSH motif was found in the protecting staples of the bimetal nanoparticle. DFT calculations revealed that the Au20Cd4(SH)(SR)19 nanoparticle is a 8e superatom cluster. Furthermore, although the Cd‐doping does not essentially alter the absorption spectrum of the mother nanocluster, it distinctly enhances the stability and catalytic selectivity of the mother nanoclusters.
Synthesis of pH‐responsive magnetic yolk–shell nanoparticles: A comparison between conventional etching and new deswelling approaches
Authors: Nikravan Goolia , Haddadi‐Asl Vahid , Salami‐Kalajahi Mehdi
Published: February 2018

Iron oxide (Fe3O4) magnetic nanoparticles as movable cores were used to synthesize yolk–shell nanoparticles with pH‐responsive shell composed of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA)‐crosslinked poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) via two different routes. In the first more common route, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were coated with silica layer via the Stöber process to yield Fe3O4@SiO2 core–shell nanoparticles, subsequently used as seeds in the distillation precipitation copolymerization of AA and EGDMA to yield Fe3O4@SiO2@P(AA‐EGDMA). The silica layer was selectively removed through alkali etching to yield Fe3O4@air@P(AA‐EGDMA). In the second route, Fe3O4 nanoparticles without any stabilization were used as seeds in the distillation precipitation copolymerization of AA and EGDMA to yield Fe3O4@P(AA‐EGDMA) core–shell nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were subsequently dispersed in acidic medium of pH = 2. Yolk–shell Fe3O4@air@P(AA‐EGDMA) nanoparticles were formed through deswelling of crosslinked PAA because of protonation of carboxyl groups at low pH values. Various techniques were utilized to investigate the characteristics of the synthesized core–shell nanoparticles. Formation of yolk–shell nanostructure was observed for both synthesis routes, namely etching of silica layer and deswelling approaches, from vibrating sample magnetometry and transmission electron microscopy results. Both types of nanoparticles showed pH‐responsive behaviour, i.e. decrease in absorption with increase in pH, as examined using UV–visible spectroscopy.
Twitter user geolocation by filtering of highly mentioned users
Authors: Ebrahimi Mohammad , ShafieiBavani Elaheh , Wong Raymond , Chen Fang
Published: February 2018

Geolocated social media data provide a powerful source of information about places and regional human behavior. Because only a small amount of social media data have been geolocation‐annotated, inference techniques play a substantial role to increase the volume of annotated data. Conventional research in this area has been based on the text content of posts from a given user or the social network of the user, with some recent crossovers between the text‐ and network‐based approaches. This paper proposes a novel approach to categorize highly‐mentioned users (celebrities) into Local and Global types, and consequently use Local celebrities as location indicators. A label propagation algorithm is then used over the refined social network for geolocation inference. Finally, we propose a hybrid approach by merging a text‐based method as a back‐off strategy into our network‐based approach. Empirical experiments over three standard Twitter benchmark data sets demonstrate that our approach outperforms state‐of‐the‐art user geolocation methods.
Neueinschätzung der Erdbebengefährdung Deutschlands – Version 2016 – für DIN EN 1998‐1/NA
Authors: Grünthal Gottfried , Stromeyer Dietrich , Bosse Christian , Cotton Fabrice , Bindi Dino
Published: February 2018

Die grundlegenden seismischen Lastannahmen für den neuen Nationalen Anhang DIN EN 1998‐1/NA resultieren aus der vom Deutschen Institut für Bautechnik geförderten Neueinschätzung der Erdbebengefährdung Deutschlands. Sie gründet sich auf eine umfassende Einbeziehung aller zu berücksichtigenden Unsicherheiten in Eingangsmodellen und ‐parametern und die Bereitstellung eines rationalen transparenten Rahmens zu deren Umsetzung. Das Vorgehen ermöglicht die solide und robuste Berechnung sowohl von Mittelwerten als auch jeglicher Quantile von geforderten Parametrisierungen seismischer Lastannahmen. Wesentliche Verbesserungen des Gefährdungsmodells beruhen auf aktualisierten und erweiterten Datenbeständen, umfassenden Unsicherheitsbereichen von Modellen, stabilen Methoden und ausgewählten Bodenbewegungsmodellen jüngster Generation. Die berechneten Gefährdungsparameter entsprechen den nutzerbezogenen Anforderungen und wurden für Felsuntergrund (vS30 = 800 m/s) und mittlere Wiederholungsperioden von 475, 975 und 2 475 a berechnet und in Form von gefährdungskonsistenten Antwortspektren, seismischen Gefährdungskarten für spektrale Antwortbeschleunigungen und für makroseismische Intensitäten standardmäßig als Mittelwerte, Mediane und 84 %‐Quantile bereitgestellt. Die resultierenden Unsicherheiten der Gefährdungsparameter werden analysiert und die Stabilität der Gefährdungskarten bezüglich früherer Versionen sowie ihre Kompatibilität zu Gefährdungseinschätzungen von Nachbarstaaten diskutiert.
Dinitrosyl iron complexes: Formation and antiradical action in heart mitochondria
Authors: Shumaev Konstantin B. , Dudylina Arina L. , Ivanova Marina V. , Pugachenko Igor S. , Ruuge Enno K.
Published: February 2018

Mitochondria are widely known as a major source of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species for the cardiovascular system. Numerous studies established that superoxide anion radical production by heart mitochondria is only slightly suppressed under conditions of deep hypoxia, but is completely blocked under anoxia. It was found also that dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNIC) compare favourably with other physiologically active derivatives of nitric oxide (NO). DNIC with glutathione effectively scavenge superoxide radicals generated by mitochondria at different partial pressures of oxygen. Under conditions of simulated hypoxia, the synthesis of thiol‐containing DNIC takes place in mitochondria and is concomitant with a significant decrease in the concentration of NO metabolites at the reoxygenation step. Free NO required for DNIC synthesis is generated in the reaction of S‐nitrosothiols with superoxide or during single‐electron oxidation of the nitroxyl radical (HNO) by coenzyme Q. Plausible mechanisms of antiradical effects of DNIC and their protective role in oxidative stress induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation of myocardial tissues are considered. © 2018 BioFactors, 44(3):237–244, 2018
Examining changes in procedural justice and their influence on problem‐solving court outcomes
Authors: Dollar Cindy Brooks , Ray Bradley , Hudson Mary Kay , Hood Brittany J.
Published: February 2018

The number of problem‐solving courts has grown substantially since the mid‐1990s. Research consistently indicates that participation in these courts lowers recidivism, which is often attributed to defendants’ increased perceptions of procedural justice in these programs. Yet, prior studies are limited in their focus, often examining interactions with the judge in a single court or examining defendant perceptions and outcomes at a single time point. In the present study, we investigate defendant perceptions of procedural justice with judges and case managers across multiple problem‐solving courts over time. Findings indicate that procedural justice varies across court actors and over time. Procedural justice is lower among judges than among case managers; however, changes in perceptions of procedural justice with the judge are associated with improved court outcomes. We suggest that defendant perceptions are variable and complex but important in explaining variations in outcomes.
Does parental coaching affect children's false reports? Comparing verbal markers of deception
Authors: Talwar Victoria , Hubbard Kyle , Saykaly Christine , Lee Kang , Lindsay R.C.L. , Bala Nicholas
Published: February 2018

The present study examined differences in children's true and false narratives as a function of parental coaching by comparing the verbal markers associated with deception. Children (N = 65, 4–7 years old) played the same game with an adult stranger over three consecutive days. Parents coached their children to falsely allege that they had played a second game and to generate details for the fabricated event. One week after the last play session, children were interviewed about their experiences. For children with the least amount of parental coaching, true and false reports could be distinguished by multiple verbal markers of deception (e.g., cognitive processes, temporal information, self‐references). The fabricated reports of children who spent more time being coaching by a parent resembled their truthful reports. These findings have implications for real‐world forensic contexts when children have been coached to make false allegations and fabricate information at the behest of a parent.
The five key “ingredients” for improving outcomes in cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Brilakis Emmanouil S. , Eckman Peter
Published: February 2018

Key Points

Cardiogenic shock in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMICS) carries high mortality.

A systematic, protocol‐driven, approach to AMICS may improve outcomes.

The 5 key “ingredients” for the managements of AMICS are: (a) early diagnosis; (b) hemodynamic assessment; (c) culprit‐only coronary revascularization; (d) judicious use of mechanic circulatory support; (e) expert in‐hospital treatment.
Mechanisms in Iodine Catalysis
Authors: Breugst Martin , von der Heiden Daniel
Published: February 2018

Molecular iodine has been used for more than 100 years as a remarkable catalyst for many organic transformations such as cycloadditions, Michael and aldol reactions, or esterifications. Different explanations for the origin of its catalytic effect have been proposed in the last decades including a “hidden” Brønsted acid catalysis by HI, a Lewis‐acid (or halogen‐bond) activation, or catalysis by an iodonium(I) species. Recently, iodine catalysis again gained more interest due to the latest developments in halogen‐bond catalysis. In this Minireview, we first summarize the experimental basis for the proposed modes of activation. Subsequently, we analyze typical iodine‐catalyzed reactions to gain more insights into the underlying reaction mechanisms.
New Control Over Silicone Synthesis using SiH Chemistry: The Piers–Rubinsztajn Reaction
Authors: Brook Michael A.
Published: February 2018

There is a strong imperative to synthesize polymers with highly controlled structures and narrow property ranges. Silicone polymers do not lend themselves to this paradigm because acids or bases lead to siloxane equilibration and loss of structure. By contrast, elegant levels of control are possible when using the Piers–Rubinsztajn reaction and analogues, in which the hydrophobic, strong Lewis acid B(C6F5)3activates SiH groups, permitting the synthesis of precise siloxanes under mild conditions in high yield; siloxane decomposition processes are slow under these conditions. A broad range of oxygen nucleophiles including alkoxysilanes, silanols, phenols, and aryl alkyl ethers participate in the reaction to create elastomers, foams and green composites, for example, derived from lignin. In addition, the process permits the synthesis of monofunctional dendrons that can be assembled into larger entities including highly branched silicones and dendrimers either using the Piers–Rubinsztajn process alone, or in combination with hydrosilylation or other orthogonal reactions.