bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Superficie envolvente de control medio para mejorar el confort térmico de una vivienda en Huaraz
Authors: Corrales Picardo Miguel Ronald
Published: December 2021

El trabajo determinó la superficie envolvente de control medio para mejorar el confort térmico de una vivienda en la ciudad de Huaraz – Perú, para lo cual, se comparó dos viviendas con el mismo diseño, pero con diferente envolvente, una existente con una construcción típica de control mínimo y la otra con una envolvente mejorada de control medio, que aprovecha la energía solar pasiva. El cálculo térmico, se efectúo mediante el análisis de ganancias y pérdidas de calor. En conclusión, la superficie envolvente propuesta, mejoró sustantivamente el confort térmico de una vivienda en Huaraz; pronosticando que, mediante un coeficiente de trasmisión térmica global de 1.05 W/ m2 °C, con el apoyo de calentamiento solar pasivo, se logra una temperatura interior de 21 ± 1°C, donde más del 90 % de sus ocupantes estén satisfechos.
O desenvolvimento das competências socioemocionais em alunos da educação básica como ferramenta de combate ao “bullying” nas escolas
Authors: Ricci Tania Facchini , Santos Cruz José Anderson
Published: December 2021

O bullying hoje é considerado um problema de saúde pública que cresce em todo mundo. Apesar de existir legislação no Brasil há anos tratando do combate a essa prática, as escolas ainda carecem de apoio e orientação sobre como implantar um programa e de que forma tratar os casos de bullying. À luz da Base Nacional Comum Curricular [BNCC] podemos compreender que um caminho possível para combater esse problema é desenvolver competência socioemocional nos alunos, porém muitas vezes a escola ainda acredita que desenvolver valores que contribuem para a formação moral do estudante seja uma responsabilidade exclusiva da família. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar, por meio de uma revisão sistemática, de que forma programas que utilizaram o desenvolvimento de competências socioemocionais para combater o bullying escolar trabalharam, que competências desenvolveram e em especial se essas competências de fato se relacionaram aos casos de bullying, a fim de identificar quais caminhos são eficientes para combater a violência escolar e de que forma isso reflete na sociedade em que vivemos. Foi possível concluir que o desenvolvimento de competências socioemocionais pode trazer benefícios que vão além da prevenção da violência escolar, contribuindo também para a aprendizagem e para a vida dos alunos além da escola.
The use of educational technologies for training engineering graduates
Authors: Dubrovskaya Yulia A. , Dubrovskaya Yulia A. , Krasnova Elena A. , Krasnova Elena A. , Pihkonen Leonid V. , Pihkonen Leonid V.
Published: December 2021

Este artigo fundamenta a necessidade de treinar socorristas de minas em um ambiente imersivo profissional com o uso de tecnologias cognitivas. Ele descreve os elementos deste ambiente e sugere um modelo de quatro módulos para a implementação de tecnologias cognitivas no treinamento de engenheiros de resgate de minas. É dada atenção especial à necessidade de uma adição harmoniosa aos métodos de construção de uma situação educacional e prática com as técnicas de criação de um ambiente imersivo de aprendizagem interna. As tecnologias cognitivas obedecem a muitas disposições da norma conceber-desenhar-implantar-operar (CDIO) adotada pela comunidade internacional e contêm um enorme campo de atividade para o desenvolvimento tanto de tecnologias educacionais tradicionais quanto inovadoras. Os conhecimentos adquiridos no processo de treinamento teórico, aliados à experiência prática adquirida em um ambiente educacional imersivo, proporcionam um melhor treinamento do pessoal de engenharia adaptado ao desempenho de suas tarefas profissionais e às necessidades de produção.
İSLAM VE OSMANLI CEZA HUKUKUNDA İNFAZIN ERTELENMESİ
Authors: AYDIN Melikşah
Published: December 2021

İslam hukukundaki genel ilkeye göre kişilerin aldığı cezaların infazı hemen yapılmalıdır. İnfazı geciktirmeden yerine getirmek hâkime verilmiş bir görevdir. Bazı sebeplerin varlığı halinde ise infazın ertelenebileceği İslam hukukunda öngörülmüştür. Bu sebeplerin mahkûmdan kaynaklananları; mahkûmun hamileliği, hasta olması, sarhoş olması, akıl sağlığını kaybetmesi, mağdurdan kaynaklananları; kısas hakkına sahip olan mağdurun küçük, gaip veya akıl hastası olması, mağdurun yarasının bulunması, infaz yapılacak ortam ile ilgili olanları havanın çok sıcak veya soğuk olması ve savaş halidir. Bu durumlarda verilecek bazı cezalar ertelenirken bazı cezalar ertelenemez. İnfazı ertelenen cezaların çoğunlukla bedeni cezalar olduğu görülmektedir. Ölüm cezalarının infazı, hamilelik gibi bir suçsuzun cezalandırılması veya mağdurun kısas hakkından feragat etmesiyle mahkûmun kurtarılması sonucunu doğuracaksa ertelenebilir. Had ve tazir cezaları ise hastalık, sarhoşluk, infaz yapılacak ortamın uygun olmaması, mağdurun yarasının iyileşmemesi gibi sebeplerle ertelenebilir. İnfazın ertelenmesi mağdur olan kişilerin hakları çiğnenmeden mahkûmun, mağdurun veya toplumun yararına sonuçlar doğurabilir.
Türk Mutfak Kültüründe Çorba ve Coğrafi İşaretli Çorbalar Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: ÖZBEY Zafer , KÖŞKER Hasan
Published: December 2021

Çorba; besleyici özelliği, yöresel çeşitliliği ve lezzeti ile Türk mutfağında önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Her bölge ve ilin kendine has çorba çeşitleri bulunmaktadır. Her yaş grubuna hitap eden bu çorbalar sabah kahvaltısı, öğlen ve akşam yemeklerinde sofraların vazgeçilemez yiyeceklerinden biridir. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, Türkiye’deki coğrafi işaretli ve coğrafi işaret başvuru sürecinde olan çorbaları tespit etmek ve mevcut durumu betimlemektir. Araştırmanın diğer bir amacı coğrafi işaretin önemine dikkat çekmektir. Araştırma verileri nitel araştırma yöntemi kapsamında doküman inceleme tekniği kullanılarak Türk Patent ve Marka Kurumu’nun 15 Haziran 2021 yılı “coğrafi işaret ve geleneksel ürün adı istatistiklerinden” elde edilmiştir. Araştırma verileri betimsel analiz tekniği kullanılarak analiz edilmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Bulgular; coğrafi işaretli 18, coğrafi işaret değerlendirme süreci devam eden 35 çorbanın olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Coğrafi işaretli çorbalardan biri menşe adı, biri geleneksel ürün adı, 16’sı ise mahreç işareti ile tescil edilmiştir. Başvuru süreci devam eden çorbaların ise tamamı mahreç işareti ile başvuruda bulunmuştur. İlk coğrafi işaretli çorba, 2010 yılında tescil edilmiştir. 2020 yılından itibaren coğrafi işaretli ve coğrafi işaret başvurusu devam eden çorba sayısında önemli bir artış görülmektedir. Bu durum son yıllarda coğrafi işaretleme konusunda bilincin arttığının bir işareti olarak yorumlanabilir.
PHASE METHODS OF GAS GENERATORS CONTROL HYDROGEN STORAGE AND SUPPLY SYSTEMS
Authors: Abramov Y. , Kryvtsova V. , Mikhailyuk A.
Published: December 2021

Methods of control of technical condition of gas generators of systems of storage and supply of hydrogen based on use of their phase-frequency characteristics are considered. Methods of control of gas generators are divided into two groups depending on the mathematical models used to describe the operation of such gas generators. It is shown that when using as such a mathematical model the transfer function of the gas generator in the form of an inertial link, it is possible to implement control algorithms both by its phase-frequency characteristics and by its time constant. In the first case, the phase-frequency characteristic is measured at an a priori set frequency. In the second case, there is no such restriction. When using as a mathematical model of the gas generator the transfer function in the form of a fractional-rational function of the second order, the implementation of algorithms for its control can be carried out directly using the phase-frequency characteristics of the gas generator. With this implementation of algorithms for monitoring the technical condition of gas generators, the measurement of the values of their phase-frequency characteristics is carried out at several frequencies. This approach to the control of gas generators can increase the reliability of its results. All methods of monitoring the technical condition of gas generators of hydrogen storage and supply systems are focused on the use of tolerance criteria. The parameters of the tolerance criteria can be both the values of the time constants of gas generators of hydrogen storage and supply systems, and fixed values of the phase-frequency characteristics of such gas generators. In the latter case, control algorithms are implemented that cover the entire operating frequency range of gas generators.
PROBABILITY METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF ASSESSMENT OF THE CONDITION OF ROAD CLOTHES IN USE
Authors: Batrakova A. , Urdzik S.
Published: December 2021

This article is a continuation of the analysis of methods and criteria for assessing the condition of non-rigid pavement, which contains in its structural layers such hidden defects as cracks, material disintegration, violation of the structure of intermediate layers of monolithic material and others.
The variety of models for assessing the condition of the pavement with destruction is explained by: variability of soil-geological, climatic conditions of operation of pavement; the variety of physical and mechanical characteristics of the materials of the structural layers of the pavement and the soil of the ground; heterogeneity of geometric parameters of pavements in the longitudinal and transverse profiles. According to many scientists to assess the condition of the pavement is a necessary condition for the use of methods of probabilistic analysis. Methods of designing and assessing the condition of the pavement structure must take into account the principles of reliability, including probabilistic methods of reliability analysis.
Most of the considered probabilistic models for assessing the condition of pavement are focused on the design of new construction, which allows not to take into account the patterns of changes in physical and mechanical properties of materials of structural layers and their geometric parameters during operation. However, the most relevant is to assess the condition of pavement with damage, including hidden cracks. Much of the article is devoted to the analysis of this area of research.
According to the results of the analysis, it is concluded that probabilistic methods allow to take into account the heterogeneity of parameters that characterize the stress-strain state of the pavement structure and can be used in models to assess the condition of pavement with cracks in layers of monolithic materials.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PENDAFTARAN TANAH SISTEMATIS LENGKAP (PTSL) TERHADAP KEPUASAN MASYARAKAT PADA KANTOR PERTANAHAN KABUPATEN ACEH TAMIANG
Authors: Riniandriani Rini , Fairus
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar kepuasan masyarakat terhadap kepuasan pelayanan Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang dan seberapa besar pengaruh Kepuasan Masyarakat terhadap Informasi Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL) di Desa Seunebok Punti Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Data Yang digunakan adalah data primer yaitu data yang diperoleh secara langsung dari masyarakat desa melalui penyebaran kuesioner di Desa Seunebok Punti Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Kuesioner berisikan 14 pertanyaan mengenai kepuasan masyarakat, 15 pertanyaan mengenai informasi Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL). Data yang didapat dari hasil kuesioner di analisis menggunakan metode statistic deskriptif dan metode regresi linier sederhana pada aplikasi SPSS 20,0. Berdasarkan analisis yang dihasilkan, didapatkan nilai signifikan lebih kecil dari 0.05 (0,00 < 0.05), sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa variabel Independen berpengaruh terhadap Variabel Dependen selain itu didapat koefisien determinasi R-Square sebesar 0.193 atau sebesar 19% dan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengaruh kepuasan masyarakat terhadap Informasi Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL) di Desa Seuneubok Punti adalah 19,3% sedangkan 80,7% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain selain Informasi Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL).
Analisis Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Masyarakat dalam Pembuatan KTP di Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Langsa
Authors: Suci Wardani Suci , Purnama Sari Riezky
Published: December 2021

Kualitas Pelayanan merupakan perbandingan antara kenyataan atas pelayanan yang diterima dengan harapan atas pelayanan yang ingin diterima.(Afrial, 2009).Penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik di Indonesia menjadi tanggungjawab pemerintah yang merupakan amanat dari undang-Undang Dasar 1945 yang secara yuridis diatur dalam pasal 34 ayat (3) dan untuk kepastian hukum terkait pelayanan publik. Salah satu bentuk penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik pemerintah kepada masyarakat adalah pelayanan Kartu Tanda Penduduk Elektronik (KTP-el) yang berkaitan dengan administrasi kependudukan dan pencatatan sipil.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi linear berganda, variable terikat dari penelitian ini adalah variable , , dan variable tidak bebas yaitu Y.Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa angket atau kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada 45 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan cara membagikan kuesioner kepada responden yang sudah mempunyai KTP yang terdiri atas 21 pertanyaan dengan skala likert nya adalah Sangan Tidak Baik = 1, Tidak Baik = 2, Cukup Baik = 3, Baik = 4, Sangat Baik = 5. Dari analisis, di dapat koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,396. Artinya bahwa 39,6% variabel Kepuasan masyarakat akan dipengaruhi oleh variabel kualitas pelayanan. Sedangkan sisanya 60,4% variabel Kepuasan masyarakat akan dipengaruhi oleh variabel-variabel yang lain yang tidak dibahas dalam penelitian ini. Selain koefisien determinasi juga di dapat koefisien korelasi (R) sebesar 0,630.Kualitas pelayanan yang terdiri dari realibilitas dan empati secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan masyarakat yang menerima pelayanan perekaman KTP. Sedangkan tangible dan responsiveness secara simultan tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan masyarakat yang menerima pelayanan perekaman KTP
ANALISIS IMPLIKATUR PERCAKAPAN PADA MASYARAKAT DESA SERBA JADI, SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Fadila Rizky , Hariadi Joko , Hidayat Muhammad Taufik
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini berjudul “Analisis Implikatur Percakapan Pada Masyarakat Desa Serba Jadi, Sumatera Utara.” Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan jenis implikatur dalam percakapan masyarakat Desa Serba Jadi, Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan dekskriptif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deksriptif kualitatif. Data yang sudah ditemukan kemudian disimpulkan. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini ialah percakapan pada masyarakat Desa Serba Jadi, Sumatera Utara dan sekaligus menjadi subjek dalam penelitian ini. Selanjutnya objek dalam penelitian ini yaitu implikatur percakapan yang terdapat pada percakapan masyarakat Desa Serba Jadi, Sumatera Utara. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik rekam, simak dan catat. Adapun teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terbagi ke dalam tiga tahapan diantaranya yaitu: (1) melakukan  reduksi data berupa data yang telah diperoleh kemudian dilakukan pemilihan  data, kemudian dilakukan peringkasan data dan menggolonggkan data yang didapat untuk diseleksi, (2) melakukan penyajian data dengan tujuan agar implikatur yang sudah diseleksi sebelumnya bisa tersusun rapi, (3) penarikan kesimpulan dari bentuk-bentuk implikatur yang telah diseleksi sebelumnya dikelompokkan dan kemudian akan dijabarkan. Hasil penelitian analisis implikatur percakapan pada masyarakat Desa Serba Jadi, Sumatera Utara terdapat dua jenis implikatur berupa implikatur konvensional dan juga implikatur nonkonvensional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan data keseluruhan yang diperoleh berjumlah empat puluh dua data yang terdiri atas implikatur konvensional sebanyak Sembilan belas data, sedangkan implikatur nonkonvensional sebanyak dua puluh tiga data.
Faktor-faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pengentasan Kimiskinan di Sumatera Utara
Authors: Winda Gurning  , Weni Hawariyuni  , Irsad
Published: December 2021

Provinsi Sumatera Utara merupakan provinsi dengan jumlah kemiskinan tertinggi di Pulau Sumatera dan peringkat ke-4 se-Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengentasan kemiskinan pada 33 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Utara tahun 2017-2020. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistika, Kanwil Ditjen PBN Sumatera Utara dan Kantor Dinas Penanaman Modal dan PPTSP Sumatera Utara. Metode analisis data yang digunakan yaitu metode regresi data panel dengan pendekatan Fixed Effect Model dianalisis menggunakan program Eviews-11. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Produk Domestik Regional Bruto dan Investasi berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan di Provinsi Sumatera Utara, sedangkan anggaran pemerintah bidang pendidikan dan anggaran pemerintah bidang kesehatan tidak berpengaruh dan tidak signifikan terhadap kemiskinan di provinsi tersebut.
A Trauma-Informed Approach to Library Services
Authors: Marini Francesca
Published: December 2021

Book Review
体能训练因素融入远度跳跃项目专项训练体系的认知误区
Authors: 杨 帆
Published: December 2021

研究采用文献资料法、访谈法、逻辑分析法对体能训练因素融入远度跳跃项目专项训练体系的应用现状及普遍出现的部分认知问题进行研究。旨在进一步提高教练员和运动员体能训练宏观认识水平，提高田径远度跳跃项目体能训练因素介入的科学性。研究认为：理论层面基础的薄弱是限制远度跳跃项目体能训练科学性和有效性的重要因素；在训练实践过程中，对体能训练手段、专项训练体系认知出现偏差或不了解手段内涵导致的盲目借鉴或应用。在当前的远度跳跃项目训练中，体能训练理念可以融入到专项训练中，这是一种提高原有专项训练科学性的有效途径；体能训练的比例应控制在合理范围内，学习的体能训练方法与理念，必须要充分结合我国运动员及专项特点。
关于新形势下军人体能训练与军事体育教育的思考分析
Authors: 魏 琳欣
Published: December 2021

采用文献资料法、对比研究法、案例分析法、逻辑分析法等研究方法在教育国际化视角下来探讨我国学校体育课程治理的问题与举措，在分析我国学校体育治理基本国情的条件下，分别从学校体育课程的设置、内容、模式、共享、目标等五个方面来论证治理的举措。
青少年运动员损伤预防性体能训练新方法的理念与展望
Authors: 何 建伟 , 罗 安妮 , 陈 建荣 , 彭 朝阳 , 卓 国华
Published: December 2021

运动损伤的是无法完全避免的，但面对损伤问题“预防比治疗更重要”。根据青少年运动员容易受伤的部位或者关节薄弱点来设计有效的预防损伤训练方案，改善运动链功能结构，从而达到降低损伤发生率的目标，进一步保障青少年运动员的健康。损伤预防性体能训练是不仅能减少损伤发生率，而且还能提高青少年运动员的运动表现。发展青少年损伤预防性体能训练新方法对于提升我国体能训练水平具有重要的意义，为以后推进体能训练实验研究给予参考思路。
同期耐力与力量训练对长跑运动员跑步经济性的影响
Authors: 韩 征强
Published: December 2021

此研究首先对目前有关跑步经济性、同期训练和力量训练的相关文献进行回顾,解释了关于提升最大力量和功率输出的抗阻训练是如何影响跑步经济性的,而跑步经济性是长跑的关键指标。因此,大多数针对运动员运动表现提升的实验都将重点放在跑步经济性上,跑步经济性可能是运动表现产生积极及有意义的变化的关键指标。研究表明：在耐力训练期间实施最大力量、爆发力及混合力量训练能对跑步经济性的改善产生积极作用，但这种跑步经济性的改善更容易使高水平长跑运动员的成绩提高。其中抗阻训练持续 10～13周、训练频率 3～4 次/周、以大重量训练替代低强度多次数的力量耐力训练，则更有利于获得跑步经济性的促进效益。为避免同期耐力与力量训练间不兼容性的发生，要求最大力量训练与高强度持续跑训练至少间隔24小时，但应注意保持耐力训练的强度，否则会有损害最大有氧代谢水平的风险。
“超量恢复”与“体力波”理论辨析
Authors: 吴 海平 , 高 山桂 , 姚 泽龙 , 徐 阳阳
Published: December 2021

通过文献资料研究“超量恢复”与“体力波”两种训练理论在运动训练实践中的不同情况。阐述了“超量恢复”理论在指导运动训练过程中容易出现的问题，并对“体力波”理论指导体能训练需要注意的问题进行相关探索。
小学校园体能教学训练体系研究
Authors: 唐 艺源 , 韩 春远
Published: December 2021

近年来，我国少年儿童的体质健康问题日益凸显，为改善身体机能、提高体质体能水平，将体能练习纳入学校体育教学，组织开展校园体能教学训练活动刻不容缓。采用文献资料、专家访谈、实地考察和逻辑分析等方法，对小学校园体能教学训练的理论基础、基本目标、指导原则、主要内容、阶段划分以及学生体能水平测评方法等进行了探讨；尝试性地梳理校园体能教学训练体系，致力于全面提升学生体质体能水平。
关于血流限制练习加压方式与加压值的研究综述
Authors: 郑 占飞
Published: December 2021

目的：运用Meta分析方法综合定量评价血流限制练习不同加压方案的有效性，旨在为临床医学与竞技体育领域进行加压训练提供理论依据。方法：建立纳入和排除标准并检索中国知网、万方数据库、Web of Science、PubMed、Medline、Sports Discus、EBSCO等各大数据库，运用Revman 5.3软件对所有纳入文献的结局指标进行统计分析。结果：从2672篇相关文章中通过5轮条件排除后共纳入研究文献138篇。研究共涉及1673名受试者，大多为男性。Meta分析结果显示，血流限制练习研究主要分布于随机对照试验（89.6%），每组BFR练习平均人数12.1±5.6（临床9.8±5.3，非临床12.6±4.9），平均年龄为33.7±7.4（临床：48.6±14.3，非临床：31.6±15.1）。通过分析总结最终确定了五种不同的加压方式：固定压力值（54.3%）、四肢闭塞百分比值（26.8%）、肱动脉收缩压值（12.3%）、主观感觉（3.6%）和其他(2.9%)。结论：血流限制练习常见加压方式是采用固定值，但训练效果、安全性与有效性较差。随着研究不断深入，现阶段BFRT更倾向于采用LOP百分比进行加压干预。
A desnaturalização das crises globais e o conhecimento necessário em saúde
Authors: Cassanha Galvão Luiz Augusto
Published: December 2021

Ao usar como referência a "autópsia social" da onda de calor de Chicago de 1995, o artigo examina as crises globais, particularmente as mudanças climáticas, seus quadros teóricos e as informações disponíveis para analisar o problema. Em comparação com o quadro de autópsia social, o modelo analítico atual é insuficiente para revelar os processos sociais e políticos subjacentes das crises globais. A ausência de um quadro analítico adequado desafia o estabelecimento de políticas públicas adequadas para enfrentar a atual crise global. Isso também favorece a "naturalização" dos processos, escondendo o componente político-social, que se revela como uma evidência de saúde, mas não como um processo social de longo prazo e determinante.

Palavras-chave: Mudança climática. Agenda 2030. Autópsia social. desnaturalização de desastres. Vulnerabilidade socioambiental. ODS3.
¿Por qué continúa la naturalización de los desastres? Algunas indagaciones desde una perspectiva de la vulnerabilidad social y el Derecho
Authors: Nantezon Claudia , V. S. Besalú Parkinson Aurora
Published: December 2021

A partir de la revisión llevada a cabo sobre sentencias judiciales relativas a daños asociados al cambio climático en Argentina, se revisa el papel del Derecho como instrumento privilegiado para disminuir o aumentar la vulnerabilidad social frente a desastres. Al indagar sobre el Derecho ejercido para resolver conflictos legales en el ámbito de la justicia se ponen en evidencia procesos ambiguos de identificación de responsabilidades. Su relación con la construcción de vulnerabilidades sociales da lugar a una reflexión sobre cómo dicha ambigüedad amplifica el riesgo, nutre la incertidumbre institucional, genera y regenera el descreimiento de la población en la defensa de sus derechos y retroalimenta la naturalización de estas catástrofes. En este campo, entonces, desnaturalizar resulta un ejercicio amplio y abarcativo que permitiría a las personas ejercer sus derechos con menos incertidumbres emergentes de la ambivalencia propia de la litigación, instituyendo procesos de desambiguación a fin de que las decisiones protejan derechos de manera equivalente para todos.

Palabras clave: Derecho. Vulnerabilidad social. Desastres. Naturalización. Ambigüedad.
A atuação em Saúde Mental e Atenção Psicossocial em um desastre da mineração em Mariana (MG): um relato de experiência
Authors: De Lima Santos Marcela Alves , Almeida Carvalho Maíra , Filgueiras Penido Cláudia Maria
Published: December 2021

Este relato de experiência tem como objetivo discutir o contexto e as vivências desenvolvidas no campo da Saúde Mental e Atenção Psicossocial, no município de Mariana (MG), desde o desastre da Samarco/Vale/BHP Billiton, em 2015. Para isso, foram acionadas as memórias do saber construído com trabalhadoras da saúde mental e pesquisadoras no território atingido, em interlocução com atingidos e trabalhadores de saúde. Após os primeiros cuidados psicossociais, foi possível constituir um Plano de Ação envolvendo toda a Rede de Atenção Psicossocial de Mariana  que previa, em seu escopo, a criação de uma equipe voltada para as necessidades psicossociais da população atingida. Foram discutidos os desafios dessa construção no Sistema Único de Saúde de forma síntone às especificidades das demandas dessa população vulnerabilizada e o prolongamento do desastre, compreendido como processo em curso no cotidiano de pessoas atingidas e na dinâmica do território. Em conclusão, foi ressaltada a necessidade de práticas alinhadas à dinâmica e realidades das comunidades atingidas, voltadas para a potencialidade dos cuidados construídos no território e em interlocução com o direito à saúde e cidadania.

Palavras-chave: Saúde Mental. Atenção Psicossocial. Desastres. Atenção Primária à Saúde.
Desastres e oficinas para preparo dos profissionais da saúde em Petrópolis - Rio de Janeiro
Authors: SÁ LUIZ HENRIQUE , Younes Ibrahim Samira
Published: December 2021

Quando ocorrem desastres, os profissionais da saúde são convocados para o trabalho de emergencia. É frequente o modelo de treinamento em que os servidores recebem orientações e determinações sem possibilidade de diálogo e de soluções conjuntas. Por isso, com uma abordagem diferenciada, foram realizadas oficinas com profissionais da atenção básica do Município de Petrópolis, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Essa localidade foi uma das mais afetadas no desastre da Região Serrana em janeiro de 2011. Neste relato de experiência, destacam-se o diálogo e a vivência anterior dos participantes que estiveram em situações de desastres, evidenciando o sofrimento social pelo qual eles passaram e a importância da prática do acolhimento. A dimensão emocional foi reconhecida como a mais vulnerável. A prevenção, a solidariedade e a intersetorialidade foram acentuadas como inexistentes. Salienta-se a necessidade de união e de compromisso entre os poderes, municipal, estadual e federal, para que ocorra a recuperação social. Os resultados trazem aspectos norteadores revelando que se fazem necessárias uma atualização das políticas públicas em desastres e a oferta de orientações com relação ao cuidado integral.
Mudanças climáticas na agenda global: O que aprendemos com as Conferências das Partes (COP) e o que está em jogo na COP 26
Authors: Ole Joerss  , Caroline Rodrigues da Silva  , Mirtes Aparecida dos Santos
Published: December 2021

Em novembro de 2021, ocorreu a 26º Conferência das Partes (COP 26) em Glasgow, na Escócia. As Conferências reúnem anualmente os 195 países signatários da Convenção-Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre Mudanças Climáticas (1994), cujo objetivo inicial foi estabilizar a emissão de gases do efeito estufa na atmosfera, limitando, assim, o aquecimento global. De acordo com o Relatório sobre Clima, do Painel Intergovernamental sobre as Mudanças Climáticas (IPCC), publicado em agosto de 2021, as mudanças climáticas não são um fenômeno pouco palpável ou de futuro distante. Segundo dados do IPCC, a temperatura do planeta alcançará o limite de +1,5 ºC em relação à era pré-industrial por volta de 2030, dez anos antes do previsto nas estimativas de 2018. Portanto, as consequências das mudanças climáticas já se fazem presentes: a crise hídrica e seus impactos sobre o setor hidrelétrico brasileiro, bem como a aproximação da Floresta Amazônica do seu “ponto de não retorno”, ou seja, de não conseguir mais se regenerar devido ao aumento do desmatamento, são alguns exemplos. Este artigo pretendeu contribuir com reflexões que visem a desnaturalizar causas e efeitos da crise climática existente. Para tanto, foram tratados os seguintes pontos: i) resgate do histórico das Conferências das Partes e da participação da sociedade civil brasileira na agenda global do clima; ii) debate sobre como a COP 26 pode fortalecer falsas soluções para as mudanças climáticas e qual sua relação com os conflitos nos territórios dos povos e comunidades tradicionais; iii) Debate sobre as alternativas que os povos e comunidades tradicionais têm criado para o enfrentamento das mudanças climáticas.

Palavras-chave: Conferência das Partes. Mudanças climáticas. IPCC. COP 26. Ambiente.
Metodologias para Índices de Vulnerabilidades Socioambientais, Dinâmicas de contágio da COVID 19 e Índice Brasileiro de Privação em Saúde
Authors: Portella Sergio luiz dias , José Manuel Mendes  , Pedro Santos  , Malú Grave  , Ichihara Maria Yuri Travassos
Published: December 2021

O artigo trata de três metodologias para mapeamento de vulnerabilidades em aplicação em territórios brasileiros e portugueses. A primeira, Modelo VS-CES-OSIRIS (Universidade de Coimbra e Universidade de Lisboa) de análise multivariada dos componentes Criticidade e Capacidade de Suporte para desastres e emergências, busca criar índices comparativos de vulnerabilidade social entre territórios. A metodologia já foi aplicada em todo o território português, em diferentes escalas espaciais. Pesquisadores de referência: José Manuel Mendes (CES/UCoimbra), José Luís Zêzere e Pedro Santos (IGOT/ULisboa). A segunda metodologia foi desenvolvida pelo Núcleo de Atendimento em Computação de Alto Desempenho (Nacad/UFRJ), e busca mapear a dinâmica de contágio da Covid-19, em parceria com pesquisadores italianos (Lombardia) e americanos (Geórgia), incorporando a variação da epidemia no espaço. Pesquisadores de referência: Malú Grave e Álvaro Coutinho (Nacad/UFRJ). A terceira metodologia ficou conhecida como Índice Brasileiro de Privação em Saúde, para análise das desigualdades de saúde no Brasil, desenvolvido pelo Cidacs/Fiocruz (BA). Pesquisadora de referência: Maria Yury Ichihara (Fiocruz Bahia).

Palavras-chave: Indicadores de vulnerabilidade. Contágio Covid-19. Desigualdade em saúde. Índice de Privação em Saúde.
Desastres, desigualdades, violências e processos de democratização
Authors: Jose Esteban Castro
Published: December 2021

O artigo discute o significado da violência no surgimento, manutenção e erosão das ordens socioecológicas. Ele se concentra na interconexão entre a violência contra comunidades marginalizadas, afetadas pela rápida expansão de formas frequentemente criminosas de acumulação primitiva promovidas ou implementadas diretamente por governos e atores privados multinacionais, muitas vezes com o apoio tácito ou explícito de instituições internacionais cujo mandato original foi preservar a paz e promover o desenvolvimento universal. Ainda apresenta evidências do impacto global de conflitos e violência relacionados ao meio ambiente, complementados com exemplos empíricos da América Latina, relacionados à expansão das atividades extrativistas e aos impactos desigualmente distribuídos de eventos extremos geofísicos ou climáticos, entre outros, que continuam a induzir formas amplas e múltiplas de resistência social. O autor enfatiza a produção de desigualdade e injustiça estruturais por meio da violência organizada sistematicamente e da criminalização de atores sociais que visam a defender seus territórios, meios de subsistência e direitos básicos. O argumento destaca a contradição fundamental entre o compromisso discursivo com os princípios e processos democráticos por parte de governos e instituições internacionais e as ilegalidades e atrocidades violentas cometidas nos territórios contra comunidades indefesas. Discute os desafios enfrentados pelos cientistas sociais para produzir entendimentos e explicações mais avançadas e complexas desses processos, que possam contribuir para a construção de ordens socioecológicas mais humanas.

Palavras-chave: Violências socioecológicas. Ordens socioecológicas. Processos de democratização. Desigualdade estrutural e injustiça. América Latina.
La historia del concepto de desnaturalización de desastres
Authors: García-Acosta Virginia
Published: December 2021

En el transcurso de presentar la historia de la formulación del concepto de desnaturalización, su importancia y relevancia para el momento actual en las ciencias sociales, son consideradas las importantes implicaciones del concepto de desnaturalización con los conceptos de construcción social de prevención y vulnerabilidades sociales asociadas a desastres. En este artículo, entonces, se destaca que las estrategias de adaptación exitosas se construyen a partir de las estructuras organizativas de las comunidades. En el caso de la pandemia de COVID-19, también se considera la importancia de su desnaturalización biológica. Este texto concluye que tenemos mucho que aprender en el campo de los desastres, la desnaturalización, la resistencia que surgió y las movilizaciones en curso que están por venir.  

Palabras clave: Desnaturalización de desastres. Construcción social de prevención. Vulnerabilidades sociales. COVID-19.
COGNITIVE STYLES COULD BE IMPLICITLY ASSESSED IN THE INTERNET ENVIRONMENT: REFLECTION-IMPULSIVITY IS MANIFESTED IN INDIVIDUAL MANNER OF SEARCHING FOR INFORMATION
Authors: Ledzińska Maria , Mongay Batalla Jordi , Stolarski Maciej
Published: December 2021

The present research aimed to determine whether the cognitive style of reflection – impulsivity (R-I) diagnosed in a standard way also manifests itself in the Internet environment. A special task was designed that involved searching for particular information on the Internet. Science students took part in two studies (pilot study, n=11, and replication, n=37). Data analyses revealed that indicators of performance in the simple computer task allow the differentiation of respondents in terms of the R-I dimension. The time spent on reading the command and thinking of a strategy for obtaining the information revealed a high correlation with R-I. The amount of explained R-I variance reached 82%, indicating that the online searching task is a valid indicator of this cognitive style. The practical conclusion is that the Internet environment may be used in cognitive styles’ assessment which, in turn, may lead to creating interactive, cognitive style-friendly hypermedia learning facilities.
Key words: cognitive styles, hypermedia, Internet, learning facilities, reflection-impulsivity.
THE ROLE OF GENERAL INQUIRY KNOWLEDGE IN ENHANCING STUDENTS’ TRANSFORMATIVE INQUIRY PROCESSES IN A WEB-BASED LEARNING ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Mäeots Mario , Pedaste Margus
Published: December 2021

Inquiry has been regarded internationally as an effective learning approach for science learning; however, it is still not actively used in many schools. The current study argues that one of the reasons is incompleteness of the model for inquiry. This study seeks to open inquiry from a new angle by bringing in general inquiry knowledge, which could be regarded as an important limitation in enhancing inquiry. Next, it is empirically tested if general inquiry knowledge is related to the level of students’ transformative inquiry skills. General inquiry knowledge pertains to the nature of a coherent inquiry process as a whole, comprehending knowledge about transformative and regulative inquiry processes. In this study, students’ general inquiry knowledge and transformative inquiry skills were evaluated in a web-based learning environment Young Researcher. The analysis of the results demonstrated that the learning environment was suitable for improving students’ general inquiry knowledge, and these are related with the level of transformative inquiry skills. Key words: computer-supported inquiry learning, general inquiry knowledge, inquiry learning, inquiry meta-processes, transformative and regulative inquiry processes.
THE ROLE OF COGNITIVE SCRIPTS IN THE ORGANIZATION OF CAMPUS TOURS
Authors: Chiang Wen-Wei , Tu Feng-Hsien , Liu Chia-Ju
Published: December 2021

The aim of off-campus educational activity guides are to expand the knowledge of participants; however, visitors often rate tours according to the quality of their experience, rather than by what they have learned. Thus, ensuring that visitors are engaged requires that tour guides be able to identify the needs and expectations of visitors. This study sought to contextualize campus tours using four dramaturgical elements: “Actors” (tour guides), "audience” (visitors); “setting” (campus); “performance” (the tour). Dramaturgy and cognitive scripts were combined to form the research basis of this study. Free association models were employed to rank the sites subjects most wish to visit and service blueprints were used to illustrate how campus tour services should be organized and delivered. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the processes used to decipher complex service encounters as well as concrete examples of their application. Key words: cognitive script, field trip, informal education, theatre, tour guide, visitors
PROSPECTIVE PHYSICS TEACHERS’ USE OF MULTIPLE REPRESENTATIONS FOR SOLVING THE IMAGE FORMATION PROBLEMS
Authors: Şengören Serap Kaya
Published: December 2021

The aim of this research is to determine the role of multiple representations such as problem picture, ray diagram, and equation used by the students in solution of the image projection problems. The study is performed by the survey method. The participants of this study were prospective physics teachers of a faculty of education from a state university in Turkey. Fifty-three teacher candidates solved open-ended questions and 20 of them were also interviewed.
The results have shown that the students used two different types of solution method; in solution 1, they used the solution method where “problem pictures, mirror/lens equations and ray diagrams” are used, and in solution 2, they used the solution method where “problem pictures and mirror/lens equations” are used. The results show that students mostly prefer the second solution method, however, the students who prefer the first solution method are more successful than them. Also, it is found that the students have various alternative ideas about the usage of these multiple representations. The reasons of these alternative ideas are discussed at the end of the study.
Key words: alternative ideas, image formation, multiple representations, ray diagram.
THE VIRTUAL SCIENCE TEACHER AS A HYBRID SYSTEM: COGNITIVE SCIENCE HAND IN HAND WITH CYBERNETIC PEDAGOGY
Authors: Aberšek Boris , Borstner Bojan , Bregant Janez
Published: December 2021

The findings of cybernetic pedagogy and didactics developed in the 1970s, which were in those times limited due to poor technological capabilities, are taken as a starting point in this research. A revised version of cybernetic pedagogy is proposed and is used to develop the hybrid cognitive model presented. It is not based purely on the symbolic notation of the teaching algorithm alone, as done in the past, but also on the connectionist model of our cognition, which draws on the brain’s characteristics and their physiological and functional structure, such as parallel data processing, content associative memory and divided presentations. The learning process algorithm can be, on the basis of this idea, re-defined as a hybrid cognitive model, i.e. a combination of a symbol system and a neural network, and named mRKP. The article concludes that an intelligent artificial tutor can independently, i.e. without the need for reprogramming, accommodate the learning process to the needs and possibilities of an individual student if it uses mRKP as its basis, and can eventually replace a human tutor in some situations, but a human teacher must decide where and when it should be used. Key words: cybernetic pedagogy, cognitive science, hybrid systems, learning algorithm, e-learning material.
CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT (CPD) PROVISION FOR SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS TEACHERS IN SAUDI ARABIA: PERCEPTIONS AND EXPERIENCES OF CPD PROVIDERS
Authors: Sabah Saed A. , Fayez Merfat , Alshamrani Saeed M. , Mansour Nasser
Published: December 2021

This study examines the perspectives of science and mathematics Continuing Professional Development (CPD) providers regarding the nature and status of CPD provision in Saudi Arabia. It was carried out during a time when current government reforms in Saudi Arabia have placed the teaching and learning of math and science in the schools at the core of its agenda. To achieve the study results, an open-ended questionnaire was developed and used in the data collection process. Twenty science and mathematics CPD providers completed the questionnaire. Data were analyzed inductively using thematic analysis. Three themes were elicited from the study analysis: CPD planning and delivery, assessing the impact of CPD, and views of effective CPD. The article concludes that the dominant model of CPD in Saudi Arabia is based on traditional notions that are focused on a single shot design (such as training courses and workshops). The study suggests increasing the scope of CPD efforts in Saudi Arabia to allow for other forms of CPD opportunities and that science and mathematics Saudi CPD providers require support and fine tune training in order to assure the success of the CPD efforts. Keywords: continuing professional development, providers’ perception, Saudi Arabia, science and mathematics education.
Forecast changes in the geodynamic regime of geological environment during large-scale subsoil development
Authors: Nurpeisova M.B , Bitimbayev M.Zh , Rysbekov K.B , Bekbasarov Sh. Sh
Published: December 2021

Purpose. Developing the methods for forecasting changes in the geological environment based on integrated monitoring, which ensures industrial and environmental safety of Central Kazakhstan region. Methodology. Integrated approach was used in the work, including: study on mining and geological conditions, structural features of rocks and conducting mine surveying at mines on the basis of modern methods and means of geomonitoring developed by the authors. Findings. Methodology for integrated geodynamic monitoring system is developed. A new method of geodynamic polygon establishment is proposed. Study results were implemented at operating mining enterprises during implementation of projects Comprehensive monitoring of slow deformation processes of the earths surface during large-scale development of ore deposits in Central Kazakhstan and Development of innovative methods for forecasting and assessing the state of rock mass to prevent technogenic emergencies, and the results were used in the educational process of Satbayev University. Originality. As a result of the research work carried out, the following were created and introduced into production: - geodynamic polygon (GDP) of the area, established on the basis of the nodal method, combined with leveling, satellite and seismological points, allowing monitoring coverage of exploration and mining operations, as well as increasing efficiency of observations and reducing capital costs for mineral production; - developed constructions of permanent (ground and underground) forced centering points (FCP), which allow increasing productivity and observations accuracy; - method for photographing structural features of rock mass using a 3D laser scanner, which makes it possible to study elements of cracks occurrence and faults in rocks in sufficient detail; - composition of strengthening solution from mining waste to increase stability of disturbed sections of open cast benches was developed. The novelty of the developed methods and means is confirmed by RK patents for invention. Practical value. Obtained results can be used to improve the level of industrial safety at mines and minimize environmental risks caused by subsoil development.
Petrographical and microfacies study of Sinjar formation in Bazyan anticline, Sulaimaniyah region (Northern Iraq)
Authors: Fadhil Doaa T , Theyab Mustafa A , Al-Hadidy Aboosh
Published: December 2021

Purpose. The work studies Sinjar formation (upper Paleocene lower Eocene) within the Bazyan anticline in the Sulaimaniyah region (northeastern Iraq). The facies analysis is based on the petrographic study of limestone deposits and is essential to identify their nature. The sediments that formed Sinjar formation have a high content of skeletal granules which include a small amount of red algae and residues of unicellular organisms-foraminifera. Methodology. The method of work included two main aspects: field study and laboratory work. The first part included the field description of the rocky excavation and modeling of 10 rocks samples from it within the Bazyan section. As for the second main aspect, it included the preparation of 10 slides for petrographic study of Sinjar Formation rocks followed by a facial analysis of these deposits. Findings. Micro facial analysis showed that the sequences of Sinjar formation consist of three main facies. The wacky limestone facies bears benthic foraminifera. The facies of compact limestone bears the benthic foraminifera and red algae while the compact wacky limestone facies bears the fossils. Originality. Wacky limestone facies bearing benthic foraminifera, compacted limestone facies bearing benthic foraminifera and red algae, and wacky limestone facies bearing benthic foraminifera were selected and studied. Thus, according to the facial analysis, Sinjar formation was deposited within the open shelf before the formation of the main deposit. Practical value. Samples of rocks were obtained from the Bazyan anticline for further production of slides in order to study the facies of this anticline, which allowed showing its lithostratigraphic column.
Sand-sodium-silicate mixtures structured in steam-microwave environment effective values of thermo-physical properties
Authors: Solonenko L.I , Repiakh S.I , Uzlov K.I , Dziubina A.V , Abramov S.O
Published: December 2021

Purpose. Sand-sodium-silicate mixtures, structured by steam-microwave solidification, thermo-physical properties integral-effective values during Al-Mg alloy and graphite cast iron pouring determination. Sand-sodium-silicate mixture apparent density changing according to quartz sand, cladded with sodium silicate solute, fractional composition and its influence on BrA9Zh3L bronze microstructure establishment. Methodology. Quartz sand with 0.23 mm average particle size, sodium silicate solute, aluminum alloy with 8.5% Mg, flake graphite cast iron SCh200 (DSTU 8833:2019), bronze BrA9Zh3L (GOST 493-79) were used. Mixtures structuring was carried out in 700 W magnetron power microwave furnace. Sand-sodium-silicate mixture thermo-physical properties integral-effective values were calculated by G.A.Anisovich method, using castings results and molds thermography. Structured mixtures apparent density was determined on samples 50 120 mm dimension. Metallographic studies were realized using Neophot-21 optical microscope. Findings. It was found that with sodium silicate solute, used for sand cladding, amount increasing from 0.5 to 3% mold material apparent density decreases and thermal activity lowers. This leads to castings grains size increasing. Mixture sodium silicate solute content was recommended limiting 1.5% for fine-grained microstructure castings obtaining and cladded sand using, which particles pass through mesh side less 0.315 mm sieve. Sands with sodium silicate solute content more than 1.5%, which dont pass through sieve 0.4 mm mesh side, were recommended as casting molds heat-insulating material using. Originality. For the first time, when aluminum-magnesium alloy and graphite cast iron pouring, quartz sand cladded with sodium silicate solute in amount from 0.5 to 3.0% (weight, over 100% quartz sand), steam-microwave radiation structured, thermo-physical properties integral-effective values were determined. Practical value. Data obtained using will improve castings solidification time and rate analytical calculations accuracy, forecast level and residual stresses sign in them, shrinkage defects locations. This will reduce casting technology developing time and costs and castings manufacturability.
Analyzing and identifying the limits of 660V grid parameters to ensure electrical safety in underground coal mines
Authors: Thanh Le Xuan , Bun Ho Viet
Published: December 2021

Purpose. To study the relation between leakage current and time, then to identify some limits of grid parameters to ensure electrical safety as well as explosion safety corresponding to all operating modes of leakage relay in Vietnam underground mines. Methodology. In underground coal mines of Vietnam, 660 V grids are characterized by ungrounded neutral point electric system. They require very serious and strict operation conditions including electrical safety and explosion safety. In daily operation, the earth leakage currents (earth fault currents) must be lower than the allowance limit. However, when utilizing many new power electronic devices such as variable speed drive (VSD), the quantity of connected equipment changes due to the change in capacitance current. After measuring the grid parameters, leakage currents are computed in terms of 3 compensating levels of earth fault relays. The resulting values of currents are used to build up limit curves. Findings. Curves of the graphs present the relation between the leakage current and the length of transmission cables associated with various connecting equipment. The curves may be used to operate the electric system safely and effectively. Originality. The proposed equations and simulation in Matlab may be applied to all underground mining grids with different input parameters. Practical value. Operating curves of the graphs are used to identify the most suitable grids parameters which could ensure electrical safety (keeping the leakage current within the allowance limits). It could help operators or technicians optimize the structure of grid and ensure its safety.