bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protected zones in context: Exploring the complexity of armed conflicts and their impacts on the protection of biodiversity
Authors: Hsiao Elaine (Lan Yin) , Garside Adrian , Weir Doug , Plumptre Andrew J.
Published: November 2023

Protected areas safeguard biodiversity of global ecological importance, even throughout armed conflicts. The International Law Commission's Principles on Protection of the Environment in Relation to Armed Conflicts propose that certain ecologically important areas could be designated as protected zones during armed conflicts. This article uses a geospatial analysis of armed conflicts and Key Biodiversity Areas and three case studies to inform recommendations on how the protection of ecologically important areas could be enhanced through visibility, local actors and international stakeholders as part of a broader interpretation of a protected zone.
Climate Tipping Points Could Be Triggered by “Committed Warming”
Authors: Owen Rebecca
Published: November 2023

Unless we rapidly reach net zero emissions, the climate will inch closer to a point of no return—even after greenhouse gas emissions are reduced.
Deep Emissions Cuts Still Needed to Prevent the Worst Climate Change Impacts
Authors: van Deelen Grace
Published: November 2023

A new federal report says the effects of human-caused climate change are worsening in every region of the United States, but the technology to address it exists.
Precipitation Oxygen Isotope Changes Over East Asia Driven by Sea Surface Conditions During the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: Lan Haimao , Yoshimura Kei , Liu Zhongfang
Published: November 2023

The seasonal changes in East Asian monsoon precipitation during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 23,000–19,000 years B.P.) and its isotopic expression remain ambiguous. This study investigates changes in the seasonal precipitation δ18O (δ18Op) over East Asia during the LGM relative to the preindustrial (PI) and the underlying mechanisms using an isotope‐enabled atmospheric general circulation model. We show more depleted δ18Op in summer and a meridional tripolar δ18Op pattern in winter during the LGM compared to the PI. The depletion of summer δ18Op resulted from stronger upstream convective rainout due to the intensification of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. In contrast, the mechanisms for winter δ18Op changes were more complicated. With a series of sensitivity tests, we demonstrate that sea surface temperature controlled δ18Op changes across the whole of East Asia in summer and in the southern part of East Asia in winter. The depletion of winter δ18Op in central China arose largely from the suppression of droplet evaporation due to higher snow fraction. Our work provides important insights into the aspect of seasonal isotope changes during the LGM and may help facilitate an improved level of paleoclimatic interpretation of speleothem δ18O records from East Asia.
STK11 loss leads to YAP1-mediated transcriptional activation in human KRAS-driven lung adenocarcinoma cell lines
Authors: Lenahan Sean M. , Sarausky Hailey M. , Deming Paula , Seward David J.
Published: November 2023

Serine Threonine Kinase 11 (STK11) loss of function (LoF) correlates with anti-PD-1 therapy resistance in patients with KRAS-driven lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The molecular mechanisms governing this observation remain unclear and represent a critical outstanding question in the field of lung oncology. As an initial approach to understand this phenomenon, we knocked-out (KO) STK11 in multiple KRAS-driven, STK11-competent human LUAD cell lines and performed whole transcriptome analyses to identify STK11-loss-dependent differential gene expression. Subsequent pathway enrichment studies highlighted activation of the HIPPO/YAP1 signaling axis, along with the induction of numerous tumor-intrinsic cytokines. To validate that YAP1-mediated transcriptional activation occurs in response to STK11 loss, we pursued YAP1 perturbation as a strategy to restore an STK11-competent gene expression profile in STK11-KO LUAD cell lines. Together, our data link STK11 loss with YAP1-mediated transcriptional activation, including the upregulation of immune-evasion promoting cytokines IL-6, CXCL8 and CXCL2. Further, our results raise the intriguing possibility that YAP1 antagonism may represent a therapeutic approach to counter anti-PD-1 therapy resistance in STK11-null, KRAS-driven LUADs by modulating tumor-intrinsic gene expression to promote a “hot” tumor immune microenvironment.
Lysophosphatidic acid exerts protective effects on HEI-OC1 cells against cytotoxicity of cisplatin by decreasing apoptosis, excessive autophagy, and accumulation of ROS
Authors: An Xiaogang , Zhong Cuiping , Han Bang , Chen Erfang , Zhu Qingwen , Yang Yang , Li Rui , Yang Runqin , Zha Dingjun , Han Yu
Published: November 2023

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is an active phospholipid signaling molecule that binds to six specific G protein-coupled receptors (LPA1-6) on the cell surface and exerts a variety of biological functions, including cell migration and proliferation, morphological changes, and anti-apoptosis. The earliest study from our group demonstrated that LPA treatment could restore cochlear F-actin depolymerization induced by noise exposure, reduce hair cell death, and thus protect hearing. However, whether LPA could protect against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity and which receptors play the major role remain unclear. To this end, we integrated the HEI-OC1 mouse cochlear hair cell line and zebrafish model, and found that cisplatin exposure induced a large amount of reactive oxygen species accumulation in HEI-OC1 cells, accompanied by mitochondrial damage, leading to apoptosis and autophagy. LPA treatment significantly attenuated autophagy and apoptosis in HEI-OC1 cells after cisplatin exposure. Further investigation revealed that all LPA receptors except LPA3 were expressed in HEI-OC1 cells, and the mRNA expression level of LPA1 receptor was significantly higher than that of other receptors. When LPA1 receptor was silenced, the protective effect of LPA was reduced and the proportion of apoptosis cells was increased, indicating that LPA-LPA1 plays an important role in protecting HEI-OC1 cells from cisplatin-induced apoptosis. In addition, the behavioral trajectory and in vivo fluorescence imaging results showed that cisplatin exposure caused zebrafish to move more actively, and the movement speed and distance were higher than those of the control and LPA groups, while LPA treatment reduced the movement behavior. Cisplatin caused hair cell death and loss in zebrafish lateral line, and LPA treatment significantly protected against hair cell death and loss. LPA has a protective effect on hair cells in vitro and in vivo against the cytotoxicity of cisplatin, and its mechanism may be related to reducing apoptosis, excessive autophagy and ROS accumulation.
Vision-controlled jetting for composite systems and robots
Authors: Buchner Thomas J. K. , Rogler Simon , Weirich Stefan , Armati Yannick , Cangan Barnabas Gavin , Ramos Javier , Twiddy Scott T. , Marini Davide M. , Weber Aaron , Chen Desai , Ellson Greg , Jacob Joshua , Zengerle Walter , Katalichenko Dmitriy , Keny Chetan , Matusik Wojciech , Katzschmann Robert K.
Published: November 2023

Recreating complex structures and functions of natural organisms in a synthetic form is a long-standing goal for humanity1. The aim is to create actuated systems with high spatial resolutions and complex material arrangements that range from elastic to rigid. Traditional manufacturing processes struggle to fabricate such complex systems2. It remains an open challenge to fabricate functional systems automatically and quickly with a wide range of elastic properties, resolutions, and integrated actuation and sensing channels2,3. We propose an inkjet deposition process called vision-controlled jetting that can create complex systems and robots. Hereby, a scanning system captures the three-dimensional print geometry and enables a digital feedback loop, which eliminates the need for mechanical planarizers. This contactless process allows us to use continuously curing chemistries and, therefore, print a broader range of material families and elastic moduli. The advances in material properties are characterized by standardized tests comparing our printed materials to the state-of-the-art. We directly fabricated a wide range of complex high-resolution composite systems and robots: tendon-driven hands, pneumatically actuated walking manipulators, pumps that mimic a heart and metamaterial structures. Our approach provides an automated, scalable, high-throughput process to manufacture high-resolution, functional multimaterial systems.
CD201+ fascia progenitors choreograph injury repair
Authors: Correa-Gallegos Donovan , Ye Haifeng , Dasgupta Bikram , Sardogan Aydan , Kadri Safwen , Kandi Ravinder , Dai Ruoxuan , Lin Yue , Kopplin Robert , Shenai Disha Shantaram , Wannemacher Juliane , Ichijo Ryo , Jiang Dongsheng , Strunz Maximilian , Ansari Meshal , Angelidis Illias , Schiller Herbert B. , Volz Thomas , Machens Hans-Günther , Rinkevich Yuval
Published: November 2023

Optimal tissue recovery and organismal survival are achieved by spatiotemporal tuning of tissue inflammation, contraction and scar formation1. Here we identify a multipotent fibroblast progenitor marked by CD201 expression in the fascia, the deepest connective tissue layer of the skin. Using skin injury models in mice, single-cell transcriptomics and genetic lineage tracing, ablation and gene deletion models, we demonstrate that CD201+ progenitors control the pace of wound healing by generating multiple specialized cell types, from proinflammatory fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, in a spatiotemporally tuned sequence. We identified retinoic acid and hypoxia signalling as the entry checkpoints into proinflammatory and myofibroblast states. Modulating CD201+ progenitor differentiation impaired the spatiotemporal appearances of fibroblasts and chronically delayed wound healing. The discovery of proinflammatory and myofibroblast progenitors and their differentiation pathways provide a new roadmap to understand and clinically treat impaired wound healing.
Bacterial cGAS senses a viral RNA to initiate immunity
Authors: Banh Dalton V. , Roberts Cameron G. , Morales-Amador Adrian , Berryhill Brandon A. , Chaudhry Waqas , Levin Bruce R. , Brady Sean F. , Marraffini Luciano A.
Published: November 2023

Cyclic oligonucleotide-based antiphage signalling systems (CBASS) protect prokaryotes from viral (phage) attack through the production of cyclic oligonucleotides, which activate effector proteins that trigger the death of the infected host1,2. How bacterial cyclases recognize phage infection is not known. Here we show that staphylococcal phages produce a structured RNA transcribed from the terminase subunit genes, termed CBASS-activating bacteriophage RNA (cabRNA), which binds to a positively charged surface of the CdnE03 cyclase and promotes the synthesis of the cyclic dinucleotide cGAMP to activate the CBASS immune response. Phages that escape the CBASS defence harbour mutations that lead to the generation of a longer form of the cabRNA that cannot activate CdnE03. Since mammalian oligoadenylate synthetases also bind viral double-stranded RNA during the interferon response, our results reveal a conserved mechanism for the activation of innate antiviral defence pathways.
On effectively predicting autism spectrum disorder therapy using an ensemble of classifiers
Authors: Twala Bhekisipho , Molloy Eamon
Published: November 2023

An ensemble of classifiers combines several single classifiers to deliver a final prediction or classification decision. An increasingly provoking question is whether such an ensemble can outperform the single best classifier. If so, what form of ensemble learning system (also known as multiple classifier learning systems) yields the most significant benefits in the size or diversity of the ensemble? In this paper, the ability of ensemble learning to predict and identify factors that influence or contribute to autism spectrum disorder therapy (ASDT) for intervention purposes is investigated. Given that most interventions are typically short-term in nature, henceforth, developing a robotic system that will provide the best outcome and measurement of ASDT therapy has never been so critical. In this paper, the performance of five single classifiers against several multiple classifier learning systems in exploring and predicting ASDT is investigated using a dataset of behavioural data and robot-enhanced therapy against standard human treatment based on 3000 sessions and 300 h, recorded from 61 autistic children. Experimental results show statistically significant differences in performance among the single classifiers for ASDT prediction with decision trees as the more accurate classifier. The results further show multiple classifier learning systems (MCLS) achieving better performance for ASDT prediction (especially those ensembles with three core classifiers). Additionally, the results show bagging and boosting ensemble learning as robust when predicting ASDT with multi-stage design as the most dominant architecture. It also appears that eye contact and social interaction are the most critical contributing factors to the ASDT problem among children.
Identify and validate circadian regulators as potential prognostic markers and immune infiltrates in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Jin Yi , Wang Zhanwang , Huang Siwei , Liu Chang , Wu Xiangwei , Wang Hui
Published: November 2023

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a heterogeneity pathological malignant cancer with leading causes of morbidity and mortality. EGFR inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors have become novel treatments. However, the mechanism still remained uncertain. Several studies have confirmed that the circadian rhythms induce multiple malignancies developing. We utilized multi-omics analysis to demonstrate the crosstalk between circadian clock genes and tumor microenvironment in HNSCC. Firstly, we performed the LASSO Cox regression analysis based on the 16 important clock genes. A 7-gene risk model was successfully established in TCGA and validated in GEO datasets. Next, CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE methods were performed to display the immune landscape of high risk and low risk groups, and the results showed that high abundance of mast cells activated, dendritic cells activated and neutrophils were positively correlated with poor OS. To further identify hub genes, Kaplan Meier plot was applied in all TCGA and GEO datasets and two hub genes (PER2, and PER3) were identified, especially PER3, which was found strongly associated with immune score, PDCD1, CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in HNSCCC. Moreover, to explore the innate mechanism of circadian-induced pathway, we constructed a circadian-related ceRNA regulatory network containing 34 lncRNAs, 3 miRNAs and 4 core circadian genes. In-vitro experiments also verified that Per2 or Per3 could suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of HNSC. This study unraveled the association between PER3 and prognosis in patients with HNSC and the innate mechanism remains to be elucidated.
Aptamer-based gold nanoparticle aggregates for ultrasensitive amplification-free detection of PSMA
Authors: Matteoli Giulia , Luin Stefano , Bellucci Luca , Nifosì Riccardo , Beltram Fabio , Signore Giovanni
Published: November 2023

Early diagnosis is one of the most important factors in determining the prognosis in cancer. Sensitive detection and quantification of tumour-specific biomarkers have the potential to improve significantly our diagnostic capability. Here, we introduce a triggerable aptamer-based nanostructure based on an oligonucleotide/gold nanoparticle architecture that selectively disassembles in the presence of the biomarker of interest; its optimization is based also on in-silico determination of the aptamer nucleotides interactions with the protein of interest. We demonstrate this scheme for the case of Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) and PSMA derived from PSMA-positive exosomes. We tested the disassembly of the system by diameter and count rate measurements in dynamic light scattering, and by inspection of its plasmon resonance shift, upon addition of PSMA, finding appreciable differences down to the sub-picomolar range; this points towards the possibility that this approach may lead to sensors competitive with diagnostic biochemical assays that require enzymatic amplification. More generally, this scheme has the potential to be applied to a broad range of pathologies with specific identified biomarkers.
Structure prediction, docking studies and molecular cloning of novel Pichia kudriavzevii YK46 metalloprotease (MetPr) for improvement of feather waste biodegradation
Authors: Abd El-Aziz Nagwa M. , Khalil Bigad E. , El-Gamal Nora N.
Published: November 2023

This study addresses the environmental risks associated with the accumulation of keratin waste from poultry, which is resistant to conventional protein degradation methods. To tackle this issue, microbial keratinases have emerged as promising tools for transforming resilient keratin materials into valuable products. We focus on the Metalloprotease (MetPr) gene isolated from novel Pichia kudriavzevii YK46, sequenced, and deposited in the NCBI GenBank database with the accession number OQ511281. The MetPr gene encodes a protein consisting of 557 amino acids and demonstrates a keratinase activity of 164.04 U/ml. The 3D structure of the protein was validated using Ramachandran's plot, revealing that 93% and 97.26% of the 557 residues were situated within the most favoured region for the MetPr proteins of template Pichia kudriavzevii strain 129 and Pichia kudriavzevii YK46, respectively. Computational analyses were employed to determine the binding affinities between the deduced protein and beta keratin. Molecular docking studies elucidated the optimal binding affinities between the metalloprotease (MetPr) and beta-keratin, yielding values of − 260.75 kcal/mol and − 257.02 kcal/mol for the template strains Pichia kudriavzevii strain 129 and Pichia kudriavzevii YK46, respectively. Subsequent molecular cloning and expression of the MetPr gene in E. coli DH5α led to a significantly higher keratinase activity of 281 ± 12.34 U/ml. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential of the MetPr gene and its encoded protein for keratin waste biotransformation, with implications for addressing environmental concerns related to keratinous waste accumulation.
Fine-scale spatial genetic structure and dispersal among Italian smooth newt populations in a rural landscape
Authors: Buono Vincenzo , Bissattini Alessandra Maria , Davoli Francesca , Mengoni Chiara , Mucci Nadia , Vignoli Leonardo
Published: November 2023

Amphibians are particularly sensitive to habitat loss and fragmentation caused by the intensification and modernization of farming occurring in the second half of the twentieth century in the Mediterranean basin. However, artificial water bodies, associated with traditional husbandry, proved to be important surrogate for amphibian feeding and reproduction. Here, multilocus genotypes were used to investigate the spatial population structure of Lissotriton vulgaris meridionalis and the role of drinking troughs in supporting viable breeding populations within a rural landscape interested by traditional husbandry and agriculture. Our genetic analysis highlighted the conservation value and the potential stepping-stone function of artificial aquatic sites in the dispersal of the species and for the gene flow maintenance. Indeed, populations of drinking troughs show allelic richness and heterozygosity levels comparable to those from natural ponds and there is no great evidence of genetic bottlenecks. A complex system of artificial aquatic sites and few natural wetlands was identified sustaining a well-structured network of demes highly interconnected with themselves and natural aquatic sites. The conservation of the identified genetic clusters may be useful to prevent further population declines and future loss of genetic diversity within the study area characterized by scarce natural wetlands that frequently dried because of agricultural practices and strong seasonality. Site-specific protection measures are needed to contrast the progressive disappearance of drinking troughs observed in the last years in Italy because of the abandonment of traditional farming practices in favour of modern agriculture and intensive farming.
Correcting spelling mistakes in Persian texts with rules and deep learning methods
Authors: Kasmaiee Sa. , Kasmaiee Si. , Homayounpour M.
Published: November 2023

This study aims to develop a system for automatically correcting spelling errors in Persian texts using two approaches: one that relies on rules and a common spelling mistake list and another that uses a deep neural network. The list of 700 common misspellings was compiled, and a database of 55,000 common Persian words was used to identify spelling errors in the rule-based approach. 112 rules were implemented for spelling correction, each providing suggested words for misspelled words. 2500 sentences were used for evaluation, with the word with the shortest Levenshtein distance selected for evaluation. In the deep learning approach, a deep encoder-decoder network that utilized long short-term memory (LSTM) with a word embedding layer was used as the base network, with FastText chosen as the word embedding layer. The base network was enhanced by adding convolutional and capsule layers. A database of 1.2 million sentences was created, with 800,000 for training, 200,000 for testing, and 200,000 for evaluation. The results showed that the network's performance with capsule and convolutional layers was similar to that of the base network. The network performed well in evaluation, achieving accuracy, precision, recall, F-measure, and bilingual evaluation understudy (Bleu) scores of 87%, 70%, 89%, 78%, and 84%, respectively.
The prevalence of suicidal behaviour and its associated risk factors among school-going adolescents resident in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Vally Zahir , Helmy Mai
Published: November 2023

Suicidal behaviour which includes suicidal ideation, having a plan to commit suicide and suicide attempts remains a global public health issue as it substantially impacts adolescent health and wellbeing. Suicidal behaviour, however, remains understudied in Middle Eastern contexts. This study analysed data from the 2016 Global School-based Student Health Survey collected in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). A sample of 5826 adolescents aged between 11 and 18 years were sampled. Potential risk factors associated with an elevated risk for engagement in suicidal behaviour were examined. These factors were stratified into categories for analysis (demographics, psychosocial, risky health, and socio-environmental). The age-adjusted prevalence of suicidal behaviour amongst the school-going adolescent population in the UAE was 54%. Analyses indicated that elevated risk was significantly associated with anxiety difficulties, the experience of loneliness, and amongst those who smoked tobacco. None of the socio-environmental factors emerged as significant. A dose-dependent relationship was evident in that the degree of risk that was evident appeared to compound as the number of adverse risk factors increased. The data suggest that suicidal behaviour may be highly prevalent in this location. Findings highlight the immense need to develop preventative interventions, some of which may be school-delivered and targeted at parents. Our findings provide initial indications as to which risk factors could be targeted for remediation in developing these interventions.
Optimal tracking control of the coal mining face fluid supply system via adaptive dynamic programming
Authors: Zeng Xiaoteng , Wang Dalong
Published: November 2023

Emulsion pump station is widely used to provide power for full-mechanized coal mining face equipment. With the development of the mining technique of longwall face and the extensive use of large mining height and high working resistance of the hydraulic support, the fluid supply pressure is more unstable and the pressure impact is increasingly intensified. The intelligent control of the emulsion pump station is the key to the development of the stable fluid supply technology at the working face. This paper develops a new on-line adaptive learning technique to improve the response speed of pumping station based on the optimal control algorithm of adaptive dynamic programming (ADP). The state space model of the working face fluid supply system in the process of no-load column lifting of hydraulic support is first established using the flow relationship, and the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm is then verified by simulation validation. Moreover, combined with a certain fluid supply system of a fully mechanized caving face in Shandong Energy Xinwen Group XinJulong Co., Ltd, a technical scheme of adaptive stable fluid supply is verified in engineering practice. The results indicate that the fluid supply system using the proposed control algorithm has a favorable tracking effect on the ideal trajectory, and the tracking error can converge to near zero. The output pressure of the fluid supply system using the stable fluid supply technology is more stable, and the practical effect is good, which meets the demand of stable fluid supply in the mining face.
Hydrogen-bearing vesicles in space weathered lunar calcium-phosphates
Authors: Burgess Katherine D. , Cymes Brittany A. , Stroud Rhonda M.
Published: November 2023

Water on the surface of the Moon is a potentially vital resource for future lunar bases and longer-range space exploration. Effective use of the resource depends on developing an understanding of where and how within the regolith the water is formed and retained. Solar wind hydrogen, which can form molecular hydrogen, water and/or hydroxyl on the lunar surface, reacts and is retained differently depending on regolith mineral content, thermal history, and other variables. Here we present transmission electron microscopy analyses of Apollo lunar soil 79221 that reveal solar-wind hydrogen concentrated in vesicles as molecular hydrogen in the calcium-phosphates apatite and merrillite. The location of the vesicles in the space weathered grain rims offers a clear link between the vesicle contents and solar wind irradiation, as well as individual grain thermal histories. Hydrogen stored in grain rims is a source for volatiles released in the exosphere during impacts.
A comprehensive analysis of library preparation methods shows high heterogeneity of extrachromosomal circular DNA but distinct chromosomal amount levels reflecting different cell states
Authors: Lu Wenxiang , Li Fuyu , Ouyang Yunfei , Jiang Yali , Zhang Weizhong , Bai Yunfei
Published: November 2023

Different cells have different distribution characteristics of eccDNA in the genomic and elements, which may be a stable feature of cells and can serve as potential biomarkers.
Facile one-step synthesis of mesoporous Pt-based alloy nanospheres for ethanol electrooxidation
Authors: Wang Ruyi , Gu Shichun , Li Dexiang , Wang Chaoman , Zhai Chongyuan , Sun Yu , Wang Xue , Huang Hui , Guo Zhongcheng , He Yapeng
Published: November 2023

Mesoporous Pt-based alloy nanospheres were prepared via a one-step soft-template strategy and delivered remarkable electrochemical activity towards ethanol oxidation.
Seeking a Au–C stretch on gold nanoparticles with 13C-labeled N-heterocyclic carbenes
Authors: Jensen Isabel M. , Chowdhury Shayanta , Hu Gaohe , Jensen Lasse , Camden Jon P. , Jenkins David M.
Published: November 2023

Gold nanoparticles were functionalized with natural abundance and 13C-labeled N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) to investigate the Au–C stretch.
Design of Pb1−xSrxF2 hollow crystals with gas–solution interfacial reactions
Authors: Gulina Larisa B. , Kasatkin Igor A. , Tolstoy Valeri P. , Danilov Denis V. , Platonova Natalia V. , Murin Igor V.
Published: November 2023

Interaction at the interface between aqueous solution and gaseous reagent opens up the possibility of engineering hollow crystals of metal fluorides.
What are the prospects of [1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-c]cinnoline 5-oxides, 1,5-dioxides and their nitro derivatives as high-energy-density materials? Synthesis, experimental and predicted crystal structures, and calculated explosive properties
Authors: Baraboshkin Nikita M. , Zelenov Victor P. , Fedyanin Ivan V.
Published: November 2023

Previously unknown crystal structures of a series of [1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-c]cinnoline 5-oxide derivatives were predicted and experimentally determined. The dense crystal packing suggests their potential use as high-energy materials.
Self-converted fabrication of a Ni-MOF-74 tubular membrane from nickel-based nanosheets for butanol dehydration by pervaporation
Authors: Gao Guoshu , Zhao Yumeng , Zhu Peng , Liu Haiou , Guo Yu , Zhang Xiongfu
Published: November 2023

A high-quality Ni-MOF-74 tubular membrane was prepared by the self-conversion of the nickel-based nanosheet layer (Ni-NSL) showing superior pervaporation separation of n-butanol.
Impacts of defects on the mechanical and thermal properties of SiC and GeC monolayers
Authors: Ren Kai , Huang Lei , Shu Huabing , Zhang Guoqiang , Mu Weihua , Zhang Huanping , Qin Huasong , Zhang Gang
Published: November 2023

Defect engineering is an effective way to tune the mechanical and thermal properties of the SiC and GeC using as a promising thermal management of 2D devices.
Computational study of the photophysical properties and electronic structure of iridium(iii) photosensitizer complexes with electron-withdrawing groups
Authors: Shang Yunlong , Zhang Zhoujie , Huang Mengping , Shu Na , Luo Hanyu , Cao Qiyan , Fan Bingbing , Han Yu , Fang Min , Wu Yong , Xu Jiawei
Published: November 2023

Our work successfully interprets the experimental results, providing a deeper understanding of the electronic structure and photophysical properties of iridium(iii) complexes.
Divide-and-conquer potentials enable scalable and accurate predictions of forces and energies in atomistic systems
Authors: Zeni Claudio , Anelli Andrea , Glielmo Aldo , de Gironcoli Stefano , Rossi Kevin
Published: November 2023

A divide-and-conquer strategy - where small datasets are extracted from a larger one and utilised to train multiple models, which are then carefully combined for prediction - provides an avenue for accurate machine learning potentials.
Ni(OH)2-derived lamellar MoS2/Ni3S2/NF with Fe-doped heterojunction catalysts for efficient overall water splitting
Authors: Dou Minghao , Yao Mengjie , Ding Kai , Cheng Yuye , Shao Hongyu , Li Shenjie , Chen Yanyan
Published: November 2023

This study demonstrates a novel bi-functional catalyst, MoS2/Fe-Ni3S2/NF heterostructure, which delivers excellent activity for water splitting based on the dual strategy of Fe atomic doping and isolated effective active sites for HER and OER.
A neutral germanium-centred hard and soft lewis superacid and its unique reactivity towards hydrosilanes
Authors: Tschernuth Florian S. , Kostenko Arseni , Stigler Sebastian , Gradenegger Anna , Inoue Shigeyoshi
Published: November 2023

The germanium-centred Lewis superacid Ge(pinF)2 (1) was isolated as acetonitrile mono-adduct 1·MeCN and thoroughly characterized by methods including X-ray crystallography and quantum chemical calculations.
Classroom aerosol dispersion modeling: experimental assessment of a low-cost flow simulation tool
Authors: Dacunto P. , Nam S. , Hirn M. , Rodriguez A. , Owkes M. , Benson M.
Published: November 2023

Computational fluid dynamics modeling of classroom aerosol dispersion is compared to experimental results, in addition to model results from a more sophisticated software package to determine the utility of a low-cost modeling tool.
Synthesis of novel chromeno[1,6]naphthyridine derivatives in PEG-400 via catalyst-free, one-pot, and multicomponent reactions
Authors: Asilpour Fatemeh , Saberi Dariush , Hasaninejad Alireza
Published: November 2023

Multicomponent reactions for the synthesis of novel chromeno[1,6]naphthyridine derivatives via condensation reactions of salicylaldehyde derivatives, malononitrile dimer, and active methylene compounds in PEG-400.
A corrosion-engineered transition metal multi-anionic interface for efficient electrocatalysis toward overall water splitting
Authors: Guo Qiaolin , Liu Xiang , Ke Changwang , Xiao Weiping , Yang Xiaofei
Published: November 2023

FeOOH/Ni3S2 heterostructure was fabricated via a corrosion engineering strategy, which can steadily catalyze overall water splitting at high current density.
Tunable emissions in lanthanide-based supramolecular metallogels
Authors: Lee Eun Gyu , Han Hyeon min , Jung Jong Hwa , Jung Sung Ho
Published: November 2023

In lanthanide-based supramolecular metallogels, controlling the stoichiometry of lanthanide metal ions with respect to ligand:Tb(iii):Eu(iii) leads to yellow and white light-emitting supramolecular bimetallic gels.
The perfluoroalkylthiolation/decarbonylation reaction of 1,3-diketones with perfluoroalkanesulfenic acids
Authors: Li Jia-Hui , Jiang Min , Liu Jin-Tao
Published: November 2023

The perfluoroalkylthiolation/decarbonylation reactions of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds with in situ formed perfluoroalkanesulfenic acids were achieved.
Introducing covalent warheads on spirocyclic sp2–sp3 fragments by innate C–H functionalization
Authors: Martinelli Matteo , Giorgiutti Christophe , Fessard Thomas , Lefebvre Quentin
Published: November 2023

Spirocyclic sp2–sp3 fragments with medicinal-chemistry-relevant physical–chemical properties were functionalized by innate C–H functionalization to install cyano- or acrylamide covalent warheads in one step.
Stereoselective synthesis of Δ(1)-pyrroline sulfonamides via a chiral aldehyde mediated cascade reaction
Authors: Wen Wei , Ai Zhao-Pin , Wu Zhu-Lian , Cai Tian , Guo Qi-Xiang
Published: November 2023

Functionalized chiral heterocycles play important roles in drug discovery and development.
Exoplanet detection limits using spectral cross-correlation with spectro-imaging
Authors: Bidot A. , Mouillet D. , Carlotti A.
Published: November 2023

Context. The combination of high-contrast imaging and medium- to high-resolution spectroscopy offers new possibilities for the detection and characterization of exoplanets. The so-called molecular mapping technique makes use of the difference between the planetary and stellar spectra. While traditional post-processing techniques for high-contrast imaging are quickly limited by speckle noise at short angular separations, we find that molecular mapping efficiently suppresses speckles and offers new detection possibilities.

Aims. The molecular mapping performance depends on multiple parameters such as the star magnitude, adaptive optics residual halo, companion spectrum, and telluric absorption, as well as the telescope and instrument properties. Exploring such a parameter space through end-to-end simulations to predict potential science cases and to optimize future instruments designs is very time-consuming and makes it difficult to draw simple conclusions. We propose quantifying the signal of interest and the noise that propagates in molecular mapping, with explicit dependencies upon the main stellar, planetary, and instrument parameters to define an efficient methodology for such an analysis.

Methods. We derived explicit expressions of the estimates of molecular mapping signal and noise and validated them through comparisons with end-to-end simulations. These expressions provide an understanding of the instrumental dependencies, aiding in the discussion of optimal instrumental choices with regard to the targets of interest. We applied them to the case of the ELT/HARMONI integral field spectrograph as an online tool predicting the contrast performance in various observational cases.

Results. We confirm the potential of molecular mapping for high-contrast detections, especially for cool planets at short separations. We provide guidelines based on quantified estimates for design trade-offs for future instruments. We discuss the planet detection performance of the HARMONI observing modes, with a spectral resolution varying from 3000 to 17 000 and and a range of corresponding spectral bandwidths in the near infrared. While these modes aptly cover the appropriate requirements for high detection capability of warm exoplanets, the high-contrast mode of HARMONI would benefit from a transmission extended down to the J band. A contrast of a few 10−7 at 50 mas should be within reach for bright targets in a photon noise regime with molecular mapping.
Cosmology from LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Data Release 2: Cross-correlation with the cosmic microwave background
Authors: Nakoneczny S. J. , Alonso D. , Bilicki M. , Schwarz D. J. , Hale C. L. , Pollo A. , Heneka C. , Tiwari P. , Zheng J. , Brüggen M. , Jarvis M. J. , Shimwell T. W.
Published: November 2023

Aims. We combined the LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) second data release (DR2) catalogue with gravitational lensing maps from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) to place constraints on the bias evolution of LoTSS-detected radio galaxies, and on the amplitude of matter perturbations.

Methods. We constructed a flux-limited catalogue from LoTSS DR2, and analysed its harmonic-space cross-correlation with CMB lensing maps fromPlanck,Cℓgk, as well as its auto-correlation,Cℓgg. We explored the models describing the redshift evolution of the large-scale radio galaxy bias, discriminating between them through the combination of bothCℓgkandCℓgg. Fixing the bias evolution, we then used these data to place constraints on the amplitude of large-scale density fluctuations, parametrised byσ8.

Results. We report the significance of theCℓgksignal at a level of 26.6σ. We determined that a linear bias evolution of the formbg(z) =bg,D/D(z), whereD(z) is the growth rate, is able to provide a good description of the data, and we measuredbg,D= 1.41 ± 0.06 for a sample that is flux limited at 1.5 mJy, for scalesℓ< 250 forCℓgg, andℓ< 500 forCℓgk. At the sample’s median redshift, we obtainedb(z= 0.82) = 2.34 ± 0.10. Usingσ8as a free parameter, while keeping other cosmological parameters fixed to thePlanckvalues, we found fluctuations of σ8= 0.75−0.04+0.05. The result is in agreement with weak lensing surveys, and at 1σdifference withPlanckCMB constraints. We also attempted to detect the late-time-integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect with LOFAR data; however, with the current sky coverage, the cross-correlation with CMB temperature maps is consistent with zero. Our results are an important step towards constraining cosmology with radio continuum surveys from LOFAR and other future large radio surveys.
Bibliometric Analysis of Basella ssp. as an Antioxidant
Authors: Swastini Dewa Ayu , Martien Ronny , Fachiroh Jajah , Endro Nugroho Agung
Published: November 2023

The last ten years have seen the discovery of free radicals and their damaging impacts. Increasing exogenous antioxidant intake could reduce the damage caused by oxidative stress. Several plants have been shown to have antioxidant activity, and one such plant is BasellaI. It is high in phytochemicals which can act as antioxidants, and its consumption may help fight free radicals generated by the body. In particular, this plant is essential for stimulating normal wound healing response. To the best of our knowledge, no bibliometric analysis of published data on Basella as an antioxidant has been done. The goal of this study is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the research on Basella’s antioxidant properties in the Scopus database using the VOSviewer and RStudio tools. There were 56 articles on Basella as an antioxidant according to the bibliometric analysis. The countries with the highest research output was India (27 documents), and the most productive institution was Chiang Mai University (15 documents). The most productive source was the International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. P. Giridhar had significant significant impact on papers on Basella as an antioxidant (H-index of 5). The most common keywords were “antioxidant” (859 occurrences with 1,340 total link strength) and “Basella alba” (606 occurrences with 1,048 total link strength). Findings from this data suggest the novelties of Basella as an antioxidant.
Influencing factors that improve mental conditions patients with complementary therapy at Nur Hidayah Hospital, Bantul, Yogyakarta
Authors: Wulan Purnami Santi , Windy Arlianni Kevina , Andari Shofi , Sagiran Sagiran , Khoirunnisa Estiana , Widada Wahyudi
Published: November 2023

Mental health is a concern of many parties. Complementary therapy is carried out in line with physical treatment with the aim of reducing the number of cases of mental health disorders, one of them at Nur Hidayah Hospital. This study used random forest and extended Cox regression to determine improvement in the mental condition of patients with complementary therapy. The research data used data from the medical records of 102 patients with Al-Quran Complementary Therapy. Random forest classifier does not give good accuracy only 0.58. Log-rank test showed that the variables attitude, problem Prayer, interaction history and treatment reactions had different survival curves between the categories of each variable. The interaction history variable does not meet the proportional hazard assumption so that the Cox model used is stratified and time-dependent Cox. The best model is the Cox stratified model with the interaction having the smallest AIC value of 286.84. Factors that have a significant effect on the time to improve mental conditions are gender and the main complaint in the patient strata who have a history of interaction and the age variable in the stratum of patients who have had a history of interaction.
Assessing the relationship between work-related factors and the quality of working life among nurses: A cross-sectional study in Laos
Authors: Chanthavisouk Moukda , Vo Trung Quang , Tran Quang Vinh , Van Vo Bay , Ho Tuan Nguyen Anh , Kristina Susi Ari , Endarti Dwi , Sriram Shyamkumar
Published: November 2023

The quality of working life is crucial for improving work productivity, particularly among nurses, who often experience high levels of stress. This study aims to evaluate the quality of working life among nurses in Laos and identify the factors that influence it. A cross-sectional study was conducted among Laos nurses from August 2021 to July 2022. Data collection was conducted using an anonymous questionnaire distributed via the Internet. The Quality of Working Life version 2 (WRQoL-2) questionnaire, comprising 32 items divided into seven subscales, was employed to assess the quality of working life. Statistical tests such as t-tests, ANOVA, and Spearman correlation were applied to examine differences and correlations. A total of 326 participants were included, with an average age of 32.62±8.21 years. Among the seven subscales, the highest score was observed in the Job Career Satisfaction subscale (3.72±0.56), while the lowest score was found in the Safety at Work subscale (3.22±0.71). The overall mean score was 3.49±0.54. Significant differences in the quality of working life were observed among different groups categorized by age, job position, salary, and working hours. The WRQoL-2 questionnaire was found to be suitable for assessing the quality of working life in this study.
Association Between Religiosity, Spirituality, and Depression-Anxiety Among Pharmacist Students in Indonesia
Authors: Febrinasari Nisa , Nurul Fatiha Chilmia , Fatin Fitria Risda
Published: November 2023

Students in the Pharmacist Professional Study Program (PPSP) must pass the Indonesian Pharmacist Competency Exam (UKAI) to get the title of pharmacist. They feel the burden and fear of not passing the exam, which can trigger anxiety and depression, especially in the pandemic era. Religion also provides a perspective that individuals can use to reduce their distress when faced with many stressors. The study aims to determine the relationship between religiosity and spirituality and depression and anxiety in PPSP students in Indonesia. The method used in the study is a cross-sectional design with DUREL, DSES, SAS and SDS questionnaires as the data instruments. The study was carried out in all Association of Higher Education in Indonesian Pharmacy (APTFI) regions. A cluster random sampling technique was conducted and 362 students participated. The study found that Indonesian PPSP students had mild to moderate anxiety (21%). Fortunately, the relationship between the level of spirituality, depression, and anxiety represents negative values, with a correlation R = -0.123 (p <0.05) and -0.115 (p <0.05), which indicates that religiosity and spirituality in PSPP students are associated with lower levels of depression and anxiety. As a consequence, developing spirituality and religiosity for PPSP students and improving mental well-being is essential.
Determining Priority Subgroup: Insight from a Health Literacy Survey in Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
Authors: Sari Tetra Dewi Fatwa , Yulyana Yana , Novianti Diana , Ramania Ardhina
Published: November 2023

Health literacy measurement and source of information are important to design health education programs. Aims: To measure the level of health literacy, its factors and pattern of source of information among faculty members in Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was done among lecturers, staffs and students with consecutive sampling methods. The HLS-EU-Q16 questionnaire was used to measure the health literacy. Furthermore, the respondents’ characteristics of sex, age, faculty discipline, academic role, and education attainment were also collected. The data collection used E-HDSS online survey application distributed via the official university information system. Results: The respondent involved in this study was 1,036 people, with majority had adequate health literacy (74%). The proportion of adequate health literacy was significantly higher among staff, had bachelor and postgraduate education degree (OR 2.6, 1.4, and 1.8 respectively). Internet and Instagram were the most preferred source of information. Conclusions: Inadequate health literacy was more prevalent among students and those with lower education levels. This was the prioritized target subpopulation for health education programs, that should be delivered through Instagram and internet.
The Social Support of Extended Family as the protective factor of Stunting among Migrant Labour Families in Magetan, East Java
Authors: Sucipto Hadi , Nurhadi Nurhadi , Supriyati Supriyati
Published: November 2023

Indonesian government targeted the stunting prevalence less than 14% by 2024. There are complex social determinants of stunting, including socio-economic background of the family, culture, parenting as well as health literacy. Migrant labour family as the vulnerable population was facing with those social determinants of stunting. This qualitative study was aimed to explore the social determinant of stunting among migrant labour family in Magetan District, East Java Province, Indonesia. A total of 15 informants who selected purposively were participated in this study. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and unstructured observations. Data analysis performed by applied Open Code 4.03 Software. Moreover, triangulation, member checking, and peer debriefing were the strategies of trustworthiness. The migrant labours in Magetan were young families with low and medium educational background. They were exposed to the parenting problems such as toddlers’ eating behaviours, lack of nutrition intake, family and social bonding, as well as growth monitoring system. Meanwhile, the family social support helped them a lot to dial with these problems. This study suggests the important to improve and empower family’s capacity in parenting issues.