bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ESTIMATION OF ARSENIC AND MERCURY IN A POLYHERBAL FORMULATION -SEPTILOC
Authors: Naithani V. , Pathak N. , Chaudhary M.
Published: January 2025

Herbal preparations are getting popular day by day as they are considered to be safe. Septiloc is also a herbal preparation which is useful in a wide range of wounds such as diabetic wounds, bed sores, ulcers, burns, post-surgical wounds etc. It was subjected to analysis by AAS-VGA for toxic heavy metals like arsenic and mercury. Levels of arsenic and mercury were estimated in ten different batches of Septiloc and evaluated with respect to permissible limit (PL) and provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI). In most of the samples, As and Hg were either below the detection limit or below the PL and PMTDI. These results prove that Septiloc is a safe polyherbal preparation and is free from toxic effects of As and Hg.
TOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES OF HYDROMETHANOLIC LEAVES EXTRACT OF GREWIA CRENATA
Authors: Ukwuani AN , Abubakar MG , Hassan SW , Agaie BM
Published: January 2025

The acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity studies of hydro-methanolic extracts of Grewia crenata leaves were evaluated in rats. The extract at a single dose of 5000 mg/kg did not produce treatment related signs of toxicity or mortality in any of the animals tested during 14 days observation period. Therefore, LD 50 of this plant was estimated to be more than 5000 mg/kg. Phytochemical screening of the leaves extract revealed the plant to contain saponins, steroids, flavonoids, anthraquinones and glycosides. In the repeated dose 28days oral toxicity study, administration of 900, 1800, 2700 and 3600 mg/kg of body weight G. crenata leaves extracts revealed no significantly difference (p<0.05) in the hematological parameter except for reduced platelet and increased differential blood count shown in some of the treated groups. Analysis of serum liver enzymes, uric acid, total protein, albumin, cholesterol, electrolytes and creatinine revealed no significant (P<0.05) changes in the extract treated groups compared to control group. However, significant differences (P<0.05) were seen in glucose, urea and bilirubin of the treated groups when compared to the control group. These results suggest that the sub-chronic administration of hydro-methanolic leaves extracts of Grewia crenata has no marked acute and sub-chronic toxic effect in rats.
STUDY OF STORAGE PERIODS OF CULTURE SUSPENSION OF ESCHERICHIA COLI
Authors: Kumar Kundan , Mishra I. N. , Jha Sandhya
Published: January 2025

Escherichia coli strain ATCC 8739 is an important strain of pharmaceutical and biotechnological industries. We studied the viability of culture suspension of Escherichia coli strain ATCC 8739 at 2 to 8°C up to 360 days in 0.9% w/v NaCl. The culture suspension containing 10000 cfu/ml used in the study was stored at 2 to 8°C for 360 days in 0.9% w/v NaCl. Using 10µl of above culture suspension, the viable count was made by the pour plate technique using Soyabean Casein Digest Agar medium in fixed interval of time during the 360 days storage period. During the storage period, population of Escherichia coli strain ATCC 8739 decreased from 10000 cfu/ml to 9900 cfu/ml during the first 30 days, whereas the population decreased to 0 cfu/ml in 360 days. Findings emanate from the study indicates that 30 days storage period of Escherichia coli strain ATCC 8739 at 2 to 8°C in 0.9% w/v NaCl is suitable for laboratories testing purposes on account of fact that in 30 days storage period, population of Escherichia coli strain ATCC 8739 decreased from 10000 cfu/ml to 9900 cfu/ml which is very low.
PHARMACOLOGY AND TRADITIONAL USES OF MIMOSA PUDICA
Authors: Joseph Baby , George Jency , Mohan Jeevitha
Published: January 2025

Mimosa belongs to the taxonomic group Magnoliopsida and family Mimosaseae. In Latin it is called as Mimosa pudica Linn. Ayurveda has declared that its root is bitter, acrid, cooling, vulnerary, alexipharmic. It is used in the treatment of leprosy, dysentery, vaginal and uterine complaints, and inflammations, burning sensation, asthma, leucoderma, fatigue and blood diseases. Decoction of root is used as gargle to reduce toothache. It is very useful in diarrhea (athisaara), amoebic dysentery (raktaatisaara), bleeding piles and urinary infections. This review gives a brief compilation of its phytochemical and pharmacological activities.
Fabrication and Optimization of Glibenclamide Drug Delivery System Using Pulsatile Approach for Hyperglycemia
Authors: Desai Sunny , Thakkar Vaishali , Gandhi Tejal , Gandhi Amish , Parekh Khyati , Joshi Arjun
Published: January 2025

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by persistently high blood sugar levels, and Glibenclamide is commonly used to manage these levels. Pulsatile formulations of Glibenclamide offer controlled timed release to address early morning hyperglycemia, enhancing glucose management and reducing complications. Incorporating Aloe barbadensis miller spray-dried powder as a solid plug in the pulsatile capsule design may help control morning glucose spikes and reduce elevated triglyceride levels in diabetic patients. The present study utilized the Pulsincap® system, which incorporates ethyl cellulose (EC)--coated capsules containing optimized glibenclamide tablets and a swellable plug. Solid dispersions (SDs) were developed using Soluplus® to enhance the poor aqueous solubility of glibenclamide, with compatibility confirmed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Capsules (size ‘000’), coated with 10% w/v ethyl cellulose in methanol and dibutyl phthalate solution, achieved sustained release over 12 hrs. Immediate-release (IR) tablets, formulated via wet granulation, exhibited rapid disintegration within 2 mins. Sustained-release (SR) tablets, optimized using a 3² full factorial design with varying concentrations of HPMC K4M and HPMC K100M CR, demonstrated release profiles of 16-37% at 1 hr, 33-74% at 4 hrs, and 44-100% at 8 hrs. The erodible plug, composed of HPMC K15M, guar gum, and aloe vera, provided swelling and controlled lag times ranging from 7 to 12 hrs. The pulsatile delivery system effectively enhanced glibenclamide bioavailability and modulated its release, offering potential improvements in glycemic management for diabetic patients.
Evaluation of pharmacognostic, phytochemical, antioxidant and anticancer properties of leaves of Cassia tora and Mimusops elengi
Authors: Dixit Priyanka , Singh Deepika , Singh Narendra Kumar , Gupta Rajiv
Published: January 2025

The objective of the present research work was to study the selected medicinal plants regarding their botanical, phytomoieties present, free radical scavenging, and antineoplastic properties of the alcoholic extract of leaves from Mimusops elengi (MEAE) and Cassia tora (CTAE). An attempt was also made to compare the results obtained with proven anticancer marker compounds like Curcumin, Quercetin, Gallic acid, and Ursolic acid. Pharmacognostic studies were conducted using standard methods and protocols. Phytochemical analysis was performed using HPTLC studies. The antioxidant potential of selected plant extracts has been evaluated using a DPPH assay. The selected activity was evaluated using a sensitive and reliable MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay towards MCF-7 (breast), HeLa (Cervical), and HepG2 (liver) cells. Self-programmed Cell death or Apoptosis assay was carried out on MCF-7 cancer cells to explore the possible mechanism of the anticancer effect of these plant extracts. Pharmacognostic evaluations confirmed the identity, quality, and safety of the botanical specimens used. HPTLC analysis revealed distinct phytochemical profiles rich in Gallic acid, Quercetin, Ursolic acid, and similar compounds in both extracts. The study demonstrated concentration-dependent antioxidant activity with MEAE exhibiting stronger activity than CTAE. The results thus obtained in the MTT assay exhibited that cancer cell multiplication of MCF-7, HeLa, and HepG2 cancer cells was prevented by the selected extracts of MEAE and CTAE in a reproducible dose-dependent manner over time. Results of the Apoptosis assay gave the authors a probable thought and direction, that the anticancer activity of CTAE and MEAE towards MCF-7 breast cancer cells may be due to induction of apoptosis.
Patrimonio cultural sumergido en Colombia: el galeón San José
Authors: Carrioni Cesar , Casas Díaz Yelicsa Margareth , Cova Gutiérrez Víctor Alberto
Published: January 2025

El concepto de patrimonio cultural sumergido ha tenido un auge significativo en Colombia en los últimos años, directamente relacionado con el naufragio del galeón San José, entendido como un bien de interés cultural para la nación. Este artículo, a través de un enfoque cualitativo, pretende revisar el contexto histórico y los adelantos que ha hecho Colombia, y los retos y desafíos que ha implicado avanzar en el desarrollo tecnológico y científico para su rescate y conservación. Esto se ha realizado por medio de las últimas técnicas robóticas, con las cuales la Armada Nacional de Colombia busca que este tesoro cultural sirva para consolidar la memoria histórica y poder continuar avanzando en el desarrollo de un país bioceánico.
La Alianza del Pacífico desde una perspectiva geopolítica en torno a México
Authors: Rivas Mortera Héctor Javier
Published: January 2025

El documento analiza algunos de los aspectos propios de la geopolítica y el impacto para México en el contexto de la Alianza del Pacifico y a partir de esta investigación documental y revisión de información en el tiempo, permitirá comprender las ventajas y oportunidades de su participación.  Por lo tanto, se hace un repaso sobre los cambios más importantes del entorno internacional que han influido en la geopolítica de México, como son las políticas comerciales y de  aranceles, los tratados de libre comercio y las estrategias de los distintos gobiernos con tendencias ideológicas diferentes alrededor del mundo, lo cual permitirá concluir que, son las alianzas entre los gobiernos, los medios del fortalecimiento y consolidación para los Estados a largo plazo, como ha sucedido con el ingreso de México a la Alianza del Pacifico, permitiendo influir positivamente tanto en la balanza comercial, como en su entorno geopolítico.
La tecnología y su uso en la guerra: Desafío para la Seguridad Internacional
Authors: Ortiz-Arellano Edgar , Bustamante-García Víctor Hugo
Published: January 2025

Los Estados-Nación a lo largo de la modernidad y hasta los tiempos recientes, han utilizado a la tecnología como una herramienta para potenciar sus capacidades en la guerra con el fin de neutralizar rápidamente a sus enemigos, pero ahora, los avances técnico-científico han cambiado por completo las condiciones de la vida humana, de los conflictos bélicos, así como a los actores involucrados en éstos, de ahí que el objetivo del presente artículo fue el de analizar a la guerra como concepto y sus implicaciones para un futuro donde las tecnologías digitales y las actividades bélicas no convencionales son los nuevos paradigmas en el escenario beligerante global. Es prioritario que los ejércitos y sus armas deban adaptarse rápidamente a los nuevos tiempos.
Modelo de ciberseguridad para la protección de información crítica en las universidades públicas de Colombia
Authors: Carreño Ospina Henry Fernando
Published: January 2025

El artículo aborda el tema de la ciberseguridad en las instituciones de educación superior públicas y sus crecientes desafíos en la actualidad, ante el aumento de las ciberamenazas y de la importancia del ciberespacio y el manejo de la información crítica. A partir del análisis de los aportes realizados por los sistemas de gestión de seguridad de la información, como la ISO 27001, y del estudio de las particularidades de los procesos y procedimientos de gestión de la información en estas instituciones, se propone un modelo de ciberseguridad para las universidades públicas en Colombia. Este artículo se basa en un estudio de tipo descriptivo, con enfoque cualitativo, que lleva a cabo una revisión documental de conceptos en ciberseguridad y la normatividad de la gestión de la información para establecer elementos para mitigar los riesgos cibernéticos propios de las universidades públicas.
Alucinaciones de la inteligencia artificial: impacto en tecnología, política y sociedad
Authors: Barria Huidobro Cristian
Published: January 2025

La inteligencia artificial se ha convertido en la principal protagonista del desarrollo tecnológico de los últimos años, experimentando avances vertiginosos que le han permitido integrarse en diversos aspectos de la vida humana. La capacidad de una IA para entregar al usuario exactamente lo que necesita es un factor fundamental para que soluciones que emplean estas tecnologías puedan masificarse y formar parte del día a día humano. No obstante, el contenido generado por una IA puede incorporar alteraciones que produzcan resultados imprecisos o incluso falsos. Este fenómeno conocido como alucinaciones de la IA representa importantes desafíos para el desarrollo de estas tecnologías y genera impactos políticos, económicos, reputacionales y personales, entre otros.
La inteligencia estratégica en el orden multipolar del siglo XXI
Authors: Moya Saenz Luis Gabriel
Published: January 2025

La inteligencia estratégica, concebida como guía de la visión estatal del contexto internacional, constituye el eje para la creación de estrategias que permiten abordar el escenario competitivo del poder global. En el siglo XXI, la incertidumbre exige una herramienta capaz de interpretar la multidimensionalidad y multicausalidad de riesgos y amenazas para los Estados en un orden multipolar. El procesamiento de datos, sumado a la diversidad de contextos, implica la profesionalización en los procesos de Inteligencia estratégica, lo que constituye un instrumento fundamental para la toma de decisiones y el resguardo de los intereses nacionales en el entorno internacional. El rol clave del desarrollo tecnológico incentiva la inteligencia estratégica como articulador entre los sectores privado y público, además de perfilar instrumentos más ágiles para orientar los objetivos estratégicos estatales.
DAMPAK PEMBERIAN INSENTIF FINANSIAL DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA KARYAWAN DENGAN WORK ENGAGEMENT SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING DI BMT USAHA ARTHA SEJAHTERA PAMOTAN
Authors: Elfayet Tsaniya Almer , Hana Kharis Fadlullah
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to determine financial incentives, employee performance, and work engagement; the influence of financial incentives on employee performance; the influence of financial incentives on work engagement; the influence of work engagement on employee performance; and to find out whether work engagement mediates financial incentives on the performance of BMT Usaha Artha Sejahtera Pamotan employees. This research is quantitative. The sample used in this research was employees at BMT Usaha Artha Sejahtera Pamotan. The sample used in this research was 50 respondents. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is path analysis using the Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) software program version 26. Financial incentive variable is in the good category, employee performance is in the high category, and work engagement is in the very high category. The results of this research show that financial incentives have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Financial incentives have a positive and significant effect on work engagement. Work engagement has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Work engagement can mediate the effect of financial incentives on employee performance. This research makes a new contribution by emphasizing the importance of work as a mediating variable in the context of providing financial incentives, an approach that has rarely been researched in depth in the microfinance sector. Thus, these findings are relevant for the development of more effective human resource management strategies, especially in the cooperative sector and microfinance institutions.
Primer registro de Paulita tuberculata (Brachyura, Majoidea, Inachoididae) en el Mar Caribe
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez Pedro , Lira Carlos , Santana William
Published: January 2025

Son conocidas para el mar Caribe 22 especies de cangrejos de la familia Inachoididae. El análisis de material proveniente de las capturas incidentales de la pesquería de camarón en la ensenada de La Guardia, isla de Margarita, Venezuela, reveló la presencia de la especie Paulita tuberculata. Este registro representa una adición a la carcinofauna decápoda del país y del mar Caribe, incrementando así el rango de distribución de esta especie. La distribución de esta especie puede ser mucho más amplia de lo que se pensaba previamente y puede extenderse hacia el norte en la región del Caribe. Se discuten algunos aspectos morfológicos de la especie.
Perspectivas Adicionales a Valverde y Castillo (2024) sobre los Cambios en el Nivel del Mar en la Costa Caribeña de Costa Rica
Authors: Boretti Alberto
Published: January 2025

This study presents a supplementary analysis to Valverde and Castillo's (2024) study on sea level changes in coastal systems affected by climate change, using data from the Limon tide gauge station. While their findings improve the understanding of regional sea level rise, this analysis extends the insights by integrating a more extensive dataset and advanced methodologies. Key highlights include examining different periods using simple linear regression, revealing significant variations in sea level rise rates; incorporating satellite altimetry data for a more accurate estimation of absolute sea levels, considering subsidence effects; and conducting comparative analyses with other regions, such as the Pacific coast of Costa Rica and sites in Panama, to contextualize the findings. This manuscript aims to deepen understanding of sea level trends and their implications for coastal management and policymaking in Costa Rica and similar regions.
New data on the locations of mammoth fauna in the middle reaches of the Yana River (northeast Yakutia)
Authors: Novgorodov G. P. , Tikhonov A. N.
Published: January 2025

The Yana River basin in the Yana-Indigirka Lowland is one of the richest regions of Yakutia in paleontological finds of animals representing the mammoth fauna with soft tissues. More than 130 years ago, a large collection of paleontological material was collected by the royal expedition led by A.A. Bunge and E.V. Toll (1885-1886), which is stored in the storerooms of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg. Previously known unique finds on the middle reaches of the Yana River included the Lena horse body fragment (2009), juvenile bison (2009), collared lemming (2012), and Verkhoyansk foal (2018) discovered at the Batagaika location. In 2023, during field work, paleontological and palynological material was collected at the main locations of the Yana River basin. New data on the quantitative and percentage ratio of mammoth fauna species at the Khaastaakh locality are presented, as well as some morphometric indicators for a fragmented fossil bison body. For a comprehensive study of the localities, various methods of paleogeographic reconstructions were used, including paleontological, palynological and radiocarbon analyses. These methods were aimed at identifying temporal patterns of variability of natural conditions at the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary. The results of the latest findings supplement the information on the distribution of representatives of the mammoth fauna in the territory of Yakutia in the late Pleistocene and Holocene.
Numerical analysis of flexible airfield pavements behaviour submitted by large aircraft: influence of the position and configuration of the landing gear
Authors: Ambassa Z. , Medjo Eko R. , Safonova M. N. , Fedotov A. A. , Ammosova N. E.
Published: January 2025

Finite Element numerical program applied to the airfield pavement behavior to determine the damage mechanisms of pavement structures under high intensity loads and to determine the critical response has been investigated. This investigation on airfield pavements confirms that six-wheels bogies for aircraft or tridem axles of heavy weights on road pavement mainly create longitudinal cracking due to the maximum transverse strains, while four-wheels bogie for aircraft or tandem axles mainly create transverse cracking due to the maximum longitudinal strains such as in road pavements. The modelling was based on quasi-static comparisons of landing gear configurations. These analyses provided data on the effects of interference when changing the distance between wheels or supports, comparisons between different landing gear configurations of the A340, B777 and their main competitors. A multi-layer linear model is proposed considering the design of flexible pavement, which will be more rational than the current CBR method.
РАЗРАБОТКА РЕЦЕПТУРЫ ПАШТЕТА МЯСОРАСТИТЕЛЬНОГО ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО НАЗНАЧЕНИЯ ИЗ АРКТИЧЕСКОГО СЫРЬЯ
Authors: Тригуб Вера Викторовна , Попов Владимир Григорьевич , Николенко Марина Викторовна , Белина Светлана Александровна , Аксентьева Виктория Вячеславовна
Published: January 2025

В современной пищевой индустрии перспективным направлением является проектирование и применение субстанций в виде комплексных пищевых добавок (КПД), обладающих физиологической направленностью для обогащения кулинарных и кондитерских изделий с целью повышения пищевой ценности готовой продукции. Использование арктического сырья для изготовления мясорастительной продукции является актуальным направлением, т.к. снижает энергетическую ценность при одновременном увеличении минеральных веществ, клетчатки, протопектинов, формирующих адаптогенные свойства готовой продукции. Представлена рецептура и технология получения мясорастительного паштета на основе субпродуктов мяса оленины и комплексной пищевой добавки (КПД), полученной из арктического растительного сырья. Комплексная пищевая добавка представляет собой фосфолипидно-минерально-витаминный комплекс в виде порошкообразной массы (с размером частиц 70 – 90 мкм). Добавка обладает высокой влагосвязывающей и влагоудерживающей способностью, не образует гель при тепловой обработке паштетов. Использовали стандартные методы исследования качества паштета: органолептические, физико-химические, микробиологические. Использовали тепловую обработку полуфабриката методом sous-vide, что позволило сократить потери минеральных веществ от 10,0 до 14,5 %, витаминов от 3,0% до 17,2%, а также пролонгировать сроки хранения готовой продукции на 35 дней, в сравнении с традиционной технологией – варка. Разработанный паштета обладает более высокими антиоксидантными свойствами на 4,2-5,3%, в сравнении с контрольным образцом.  Разработанный мясорастительный паштет обладает функциональными свойствами по содержанию клетчатки, что позволяет рекомендовать данную рецептуру для производства и  внедрения в предприятия пищевой промышленности и общественного питания в условиях Арктики.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ХИМИЧЕСКОГО СОСТАВА ПИТАТЕЛЬНЫХ СРЕД НА БИОСИНТЕЗ КСАНТАНОВОЙ КАМЕДИ БАКТЕРИЯМИ ВИДА XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS
Authors: Моисеев Руслан Евгеньевич , Шарова Наталья Юрьевна , Непомнящий Анатолий Павлович , Путилов Владислав Эдуардович , Астафьева Оксана Витальевна
Published: January 2025

В данной работе была определена зависимость биосинтеза ксантановой камеди бактерией Xanthomonas campestris B-6720 от состава питательной среды. Цель данной работы заключалась в сравнении эффективности применения различных источников углерода и азота для биосинтеза ксантановой камеди и выборе их наиболее благоприятного сочетания для культуры-продуцента. Культивирование проводилось в колбах Эрленмейера в течение 120 часов в условиях постоянной аэрации в шейкере-инкубаторе Inforce Multitron HT. Ксантановую камедь выделяли методом спиртового осаждения и сравнивали выходы, а также определяли функциональный состав и реологические показатели с помощью ИК-Фурье спектрометра Shimadzu IRTracer 100 и вискозиметра Brookfield LVDV-II+ Pro соответственно.  В ходе работы определены наиболее предпочтительные для биосинтеза источники углерода и азота (меласса в концентрации 20 г/л и дрожжевой экстракт в концентрации 1 г/л). Выход целевого продукта составил 7,62 г/л (38,1% от общей концентрации источника углерода 20 г/л) и 14,41 г/л (28,82% от общей концентрации источника углерода 50 г/л) соответственно. Выход ксантановой камеди при культивировании на питательной среде, содержащей оба компонента, составил 10,6 г/л (53% от общей концентрации источника углерода 20 г/л). ИК-спектроскопия и вискозиметрия показали высокое соответствие полученной ксантановой камеди и коммерческой ксантановой камеди. Исследование показало возможность использования питательной среды альтернативного состава для повышения биосинтеза экзополисахарида бактериальным штаммом Xanthomonas campestris B-6720, а также возможность использования вторичного сырья в производсте ксантановой камеди.
Fortschritte in der KI-Entwicklung für einen proaktiveren Analyseansatz der Business Intelligence
Authors: Zährl Niklas , Ritz Harald , Kammer Frank
Published: January 2025

Der Einsatz von Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) im Bereich der Business Intelligence (BI) eröffnet neue Möglichkeiten, den BI-Prozess effizienter und proaktiver zu gestalten. Diese Masterarbeit untersucht systematisch die theoretischen Grundlagen und technologischen Fortschritte, die erforderlich sind, um den gesamten BI-Prozess durch KI zu erweitern und effizienter zu gestalten.
Implementierung eines Treibers zur Anbindung von Mikrocontroller-basierten Maschinen über OPC-UA an das Konfigurations- und Inbetriebnahme-Tool von SSI Schäfer
Authors: Herrmann Frank , Malovanij, B.Sc. Julian
Published: January 2025

Das Thema „Implementierung eines Treibers zur Anbindung von Mikrocontroller-basierten Maschinen über OPC-UA an das Konfigurations- und Inbetriebnahme-Tool von SSI Schäfer“ soll zu einem Gerätetreiber für das Konfigurations- und Inbetriebnahme-Tool CPM führen, welcher den Anschluss von neuen Maschinen an ebendieses ermöglicht.Aktuell befinden sich diese noch in Entwicklung, jedoch sollen sie, von den Vorteilen des CPM-Tools profitieren, welches unter anderem den Inbetriebnahmeprozess einfacher und schneller gestalten kann.Ziel ist somit die Anbindung dieser Maschinen durch die Spezifikation einer Schnittstelle und der Implementierung dieser auf Basis der Schnittstellen des CPM-Tools, in welches sich der Gerätetreiber nahtlos einfügen soll.
Analyse-Dashboard mit relevanten Kennzahlen für einen KI-basierten Chatbot im Hochschulbereich
Authors: Kakur Roberto , Ritz Harald , Hohmann Peter
Published: January 2025

Ob ein Chatbot effektiv ist, kann ein Analyse-Dashboard aufzeigen. Im Zentrum dieser Arbeit steht die Identifizierung und Auswahl relevanter Kennzahlen für einen Chatbot im Hochschulbereich, die sowohl die technische Leistung als auch die Nutzerzufriedenheit abbilden. Zu diesen gehören u.a. die Fallback-Rate, die Intent-Scores, die Sentiment-Analyse und der Confidence Score.
Digital Twin Driven Assembly Line Re-Balancing and Decision Support
Authors: Lugaresi Giovanni , Laszlo Kovacs , Tamas Kornel
Published: January 2025

Recent investments in industrial digitization together with the concrete need for short-term planning capabilities mean digital twins can effectively aid enterprises in the management of their production systems and value chains. This paper introduces a conceptual framework for assembly line re-balancing in the context of Industry 5.0, focusing on manual assembly processes. The framework aims to leverage a digital twin for obtaining a synchronized representation of the current task allocations in the assembly line, and uses data-driven scenario generation methods for investigating alternative balancing solutions that are proposed to operators in real time. A proof-of-concept platform is implemented in a laboratory environment, utilizing an assembly line with industrial components. Preliminary results demonstrate the compatibility of the proposed components within the digital twin framework. The potential applicability to various manual assembly scenarios is discussed, along with considerations for incorporating additional constraints in the evaluation process.
Compensatory growth in Nubian female goats in Sudan Effect on performance (A)
Authors: Yagoub Yagoub Magboul , Babiker Salih Ahmed
Published: January 2025

Two groups of female goat kids less than one year in age, Nubian ecotype (15 kids/ group) and of the same initial weight (16.5 kg/kid) were subjected to two dietary levels of energy for 105 days, the first group was offered the highest energy diet (11.5 Mj ME/kcl) while the second group was given the lowest dietary energy diet (8.5 Mj ME/kcl). Through this term of the experiment (105 days) kids of the second group were found just to maintain their weight. Then seven kids from the second group was offered the highest energy diet (11.5 MjME/kcl) to reach the final weight obtained by the first group, it spent 175 days to reach that weight.  These kids which were raised on the lowest dietary energy level (8.5 MjME/kg) were used to study the effect of compensatory growth on the performance of the female goat kids. Weekly, daily rate of gains and total dry matter intake were significantly (P< 0.001) lower in the compensating female goats than the first group.
الموروث الغابوي (البري) لإكليل الجبل بإقليم تاوريرت - شرق المغرب - بين التهريب والاجتثاث
Authors: لاخضري محمد , البزوي جواد , ازياش محمد , بوبرية عبدالواحد
Published: January 2025

تزخر المجالات الريفية داخل إقليم تاوريرت -شرق المغرب- بموارد طبيعية متنوعة (إكليل الجبل، الحلفاء، الصناعة الفخارية، الفحم الخشبي...الخ)، أنتجت دراية اجتماعية تكيفت مع الوسط الطبيعي في علاقة تأثير وتأثر. تدخل نبتة إكليل الجبل ضمن استراتيجية المغرب في مجال تطوير استغلال النباتات الطبية والعطرية، إذ تصل المساحة التي تغطيها هذه النبتة على مستوى إقليم تاوريرت ما يناهز 150 ألف هكتارا، ويقدر الإنتاج المتوقع بمجال الدراسة على ما يزيد عن 44500 طنا. إلا أن الدراسة الميدانية لتدبير هذا المورد الحيوي – الموروث الغابوي لإكليل الجبل - بالمجالات الجبلية داخل مجال الدراسة يبقى دون مستوى الرهانات، مما يحد من استدامته ويؤثر على الاستفادة من عائداته. هذا الواقع يحتم ضرورة تقوية حكامة الاستغلال وإنشاء وحدات صناعية لتثمين المنتوج محليا والاستفادة من مستخرجات مضادات السرطان والأكسدة التي يحتويها، إضافة إلى البحث عن سبل تسويقه في الداخل والخارج.
Charge Transfer and Recombination Pathways through Fullerene Guests in Porphyrin-based MOFs
Authors: Arissa Alison , Rose Thomas , Leick Noemi , Grimme Stefan , Johnson Justin , Lockard Jenny
Published: January 2025

Porphyrin-based metal organic frameworks (MOFs) offer a unique platform for building porous donor-acceptor networks that exhibit conductive behavior and/or long-lived charge separation upon incorporation of electron acceptor guest species. Here, porphyrin-based MOFs, PCN-222(H2) and PCN-222(Zn), synthesized as nanoparticle suspensions, are successfully infiltrated with fullerene acceptor molecules, C60 or PC61BM, in both polar and non-polar solvent environments. The location and relative binding strength of these guest species are evaluated through a combination of N2 physisorption measurements, photoluminescence quenching and UV-vis absorption titration experiments. Semiempirical tight binding calculations are used to screen potential locations of the fullerene guest within the MOF pores, and hybrid DFT computed interaction energies confirm the energetically favorable positions. The fundamental photophysics of these donor-acceptor host-guest combinations are probed using ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy. Sub-picosecond electron transfer involving initial exciplex population is observed, with slow charge recombination lifetimes on the order of ~1 ns for all systems in both dimethylformamide and 1,4-dioxane. Charge recombination occurs through population of fullerene and/or framework porphyrin triplet states depending on the porphyrin metalation status. The photophysics of the fullerene-loaded MOFs are discussed in the context of relevant porphyrin-fullerene donor-acceptor molecules to highlight the unique role of the framework environment in dictating photoinduced electron transfer and decay pathways.
Altmetrics in Chemistry: Alternative Metrics for Research Impact in Chemistry
Authors: Ciriminna Rosaria , Della Pina Cristina , Luque Rafael , Pagliaro Mario
Published: January 2025

Evaluation of research chemists worldwide for retention, tenure, and promotion is based on research impact generally measured by citation-based metrics such as the overall number of citations or the Hirsch index. The research impact of published research, however, is measured not only by citations in other academic research papers and books, but also by alternative metrics indicators such as news in newspapers and magazines, posts in social media, mentions in patents, policy documents, online encyclopedias, blogs, and research websites. The analysis of alternative metrics in chemistry-related disciplines fifteen years after its introduction to complement citation-based metrics for assessing research impact suggests three main outcomes. Said insight may further inform undergraduate and graduate chemistry education on scholarly communication in the digital era.
Transferable predictions of energetic and structural properties for refractory solid solution alloys across chemical compositions
Authors: Lupo Pasini Massimiliano , Zhang Pei , Choi Jong Youl , Samolyuk German , Eisenbach Markus , Yang Ying
Published: January 2025

We present a data-efficient approach to train graph neural networks (GNNs) on density functional theory (DFT) data for accurate and transferable predictions of energetic and structural properties of refractory solid solution alloys in the niobium-tantalum-vanadium (Nb-Ta-V) chemical space. We start by training the GNN model only on DFT data that describes refractory binary alloys niobium-tantalum (Nb-Ta), niobium-vanadium (Nb-V), and tantalum-vanadium (Ta-V) to predict formation enthalpy and root mean squared displacement. Once trained, the GNN predictions are tested on DFT data describing refractory ternary alloys Nb-Ta-V. While, unsurprisingly, direct transferability from binary to ternary is not sufficiently accurate, augmenting the training with only 1% of the available ternary data (uniformly distributed across the entire range of chemical compositions) improves significantly the quality of the GNN predictions. For comparison, we assess the transferability in the opposite direction by training GNN models on ternary Nb-Ta-V data and making predictions on binaries Nb-Ta, Nb-V, and Ta-V, which exhibits notably higher predictive errors. The proposed methodology, which favors transferability from lower-component to higher-component alloys, offers an efficient path towards avoiding the curse of dimensionality incurred when collecting DFT data for discovery and design of multi-component disordered alloys.
Modulating Surface Redox Reactions and Solvated Electron Emission on Boron-Doped Diamond by (Photo)Electrochemistry
Authors: Chemin Arsène , Godeffroy Louis , Rusu Marin , Drisch Michael , Finze Maik , Knittel Peter , Krueger Anke , Petit Tristan
Published: January 2025

The interplay between photo- and electrochemical reactions fundamentally influences charge transfer processes at solid-liquid interfaces. Nevertheless, chemical processes at semiconductor surfaces triggered by light excitation under applied potential remain poorly explored. This work deciphers the synergistic role of potential and light excitation on boron-doped diamond electrodes in producing either surface redox reactions or emission of solvated electrons in water. The role of diamond surface termination on electron affinity, band bending, and charge extraction is identified in a photoelectrochemical cell. While photocurrent is observed for excitation as low as 3.5 eV, we show that it is mostly induced by surface redox reactions, whereas solvated electrons are detected only for excitation above the bandgap (5.47 eV). Solvated electrons are generated irrespective of band bending, which only affects the emission yield. Depending on the surface band bending, photoreduction of the hydroxylated surface groups and photooxidation of the -H surface groups can be induced by direct photoexcitation in the range of 4.2-4.8 eV. The surface of the diamond can be electrochemically reduced when the Fermi level of the oxidized surface decreases below the H⁺/H₂ redox potential. On the other hand, the hydrogenated surface oxidizes spontaneously for potentials at which the Fermi level drops below the occupied CH surface states, depending on both the pH and electron affinity of the surface. This work provides fundamentally new insights into (photo)redox processes on diamond materials, which may find applications in photoelectrochemical solar fuel generation or energy storage.
Classification of apricot varieties by infrared spectroscopy and machine learning
Authors: Béjar-Grimalt Jaume , Pérez-Guaita David , Sánchez-Illana Ángel , García Contreras Rodolfo , Kataria Rashmi , Bureau Sylvie , de la Guardia Miguel , Cadet Frédéric
Published: January 2025

This work aimed to investigate using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy combined with machine learning to classify eight apricot varieties. Traditionally, variety identification relies on physicochemical property measurements, which are time-consuming and require laboratory analysis. Instead, we used the ATR-FTIR spectra from 731 apricots divided into calibration (512) and test (219) sets and three machine learning models (i.e., partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF)) to accurately predict 97% of the test samples. Additionally, careful inspection of the PLS-DA regression vectors revealed a strong correlation between the spectra and physicochemical properties, validating ATR-FTIR spectroscopy as a viable alternative for variety identification. Finally, to validate the results, additional models were constructed using the physicochemical data from the apricots. These reference models were then tested using the same data splits as the spectroscopic data used as a referent method, obtaining similar results with both approaches.
RESULTS OF RESEARCH AT THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL COMPLEX SIMONOVKA 11 (AKKANBURLYK) IN 2023
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Taleev Dokey , Kamaldinov Ilyar , Shulga Valery
Published: January 2025

The study of medieval archaeological sites of Northern Kazakhstan is one of the important directions in Kazakhstani science. However, until recently, no full-fledged archaeological work was carried out in the North Kazakhstan region. During the work at the Simonovka-11 complex in 2023, a comprehensive set of scientific research activities was conducted using traditional excavation methods and modern technologies for documenta-tion, collection, and study of materials. Prior to excavation, a field survey of the site was carried out, and a location for the excavation was selected based on the results.A big event was the opening in 2022 of the branch of the Margulan Institute of Archaeology at the M.K. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University in Petropavlovsk. The following year, a joint archaeologi-cal survey was conducted in seven districts of the North Kazakhstan region. This led to the discovery of the Simonovka 11 (Akkanburlyk) complex in the G. Musrepov district, comprising a structure, a cluster of four boulders and large stones, a circular mound, and a kurgan. In the same season, excavations were carried out at the complex. As a result, a flagstone building with a basement was investigated, dated by radiocarbon dating data from the second half of the 19th – early 20th century) and a kurgan of the 11th–14th centuries. The kurgan turned out to be looted, but the grave pit provided rich material – silver earrings, lapis lazuli and paste pendants, paste, jade and carnelian beads and a bone whistle from the ar-rowhead. Lapis lazuli pendants and carnelian beads are analogous to finds from the burials of the famous Basandai burial mound of the 11th–14th centuries in the Tomsk-Ob interfluve. The bone whistles have a long and interesting history of origin and distribution. Excavations at the Simonovka 11 site highlighted the need for further research in the North Kazakhstan region.
ABSOLUTE DATING OF THE MOUND No12 AT THE MYNTOBE BURIAL GROUND
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Sizdikov Bagdaulet , Gursoy Muzaffar , Bakhtybayev Mels
Published: January 2025

Since 2017, the archaeological research has been conducting at the Myntobe burial ground and the adjacent settlementof Kultobe, located in the lower reaches of the Keles River. The research conducted to date, has revealed three types of burial traditions in the necropolis, six construction layers in the settlement and the connection between the necropolis and settlement. In 2023, the excavations were conducted at the mound №12. As a result, “T”-shaped catacomb cemetery was discovered. A skeleton belonging to a young girl was found in the interior of the cemetery (chamber). Due to the moisture of the soil, it turned out that the skeleton was very poorly preserved. Along with the skeleton, torsyk, bowl, a bronze bell and a necklace in the form of a bird were discovered at the mound. These are finds that reflect the worldview and material culture of that time. Objective: The article examines the structure of the mound No.12, the position of the buried skeleton and the burial traditions of the afterlife in general, determines the absolute dating and is aimed at introducing it into scientific circulation. Scientific novelty: based on the analogues of artifacts found at the burial site, the approximate dating was relatively analyzed with the conclusion of the C14 radiocarbon examination, carried out in “TUBITAK MARMARA” laboratory in the Republic of Turkey and the absolute dating of the burial was determined. Research method: when writing the article, along with the traditional research method, research methods of natural sciences were used. In addition, the drawings were prepared using ArcGis, AutoCad and ArcMap computer graphics programs. Results: The architectural feature of the mound No.12 in the burial ground, burial traditions, material culture and absolute dating were revealed.
The historical geography of the Кarabakh region of Аzerbaijan in the post-war years (1946-1950)
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Oruceva Suqra
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the study of the historical geography of the Karabakh region of Azerbaijan in the post-war years (1946-1950) and is related to the impact of the Second World War on Azerbaijan, and Karabakh in particular. The reason for choosing this topic is the importance of Karabakh for Azerbaijan. The period of 1946-1950 has not been studied in the historical literature of Azerbaijan, especially from the historical and geographical side. The main direction is to show the changes taking place in 1946-1950, namely in the geography of the population and cultural geography. After the war, the population decreased sharply, which could have a bad effect on the future development of Karabakh, so much was done to change the situation and socio-cultural measures were taken to improve it. A comparative method of historical geography was used in the article, which showed the dynamics and the results occurring during this period. The main result of the study is that the Second World War, despite the negative consequences (the population decline), opened a new path for further development in culture, education and many other spheres of the population of Karabakh.
Protagonist and setting in the short story “The Greater Punishment” by Marek S. Huberath
Authors: Chojnowski Karol
Published: January 2025

The article presents an interpretation of one of Marek S. Huberath’s first published short stories, which is also one of his first “eschatological” fictions (texts set in the after-world). The article analyses how the protagonist, who finds himself in a combination of hell and purgatory, wastes his chance to mend his ways and stays within a potentially endless cycle of sin and punishment. The spatial setting of the story becomes a metaphorical reflection first of the character’s opportunity and then of its loss. The story thus seems to suggest the idea that an inveterate sinner suffers a potentially endless punishment because, in spite of retaining free will, he keeps making the same wrong choices.
Literary Names of the ‘Undershot’ Authors: History of emergence, functions
Authors: Prosalova Vira , Hryhoshkina Yaroslava
Published: January 2025

The article focuses on the pseudonyms of those authors who fell into the category of “undershot” (the metaphor is used to emphasise the incomplete nature of the authors’ works, early deaths and interrupted careers of literary figures). Semen Pidhainyi, a historian and long-term prisoner of the Solovetsky camps, included the generation of the 1920s, i.e. those who came from families of participants in the national liberation struggle, clergymen, dispossessed, repressed, starved to death, and persecuted for offences invented by the authorities. Disillusioned with the communist system, abandoned, persecuted, they were looking for a way to the West to start a different life there and to reveal the horrors of the Soviet concentration camps they had gone through. As living witnesses of the events, they focused their efforts on exposing the crimes of the totalitarian system. Ivan Bahrianyi’s pamphlet “Why don’t I Want to Return to the USSR?”, due to numerous translations, helped many displaced writers and other men of art avoid repatriation. Viktor Kravchenko’s book “I Chose Freedom. The Personal and Political Life of a Soviet Official” was crucial for conveying the truth about the situation of the post-Soviet people, in which the author recreated unique facts from the life of the Soviet elite, the consequences of repression, the atmosphere of fear and persecution. Former prisoners of the Soviet camps Vasyl Dubrovskyi, Mykola Lazorskyi, Yuriy Lavrinenko, Vasyl Savchenko, and Semen Pidhainyi left reliable testimonies about their stay in the camps. It was the literature of fact, which is scrutinized using the historical and comparative method, which allows us to trace the influence of socio-political processes in the country on their narrative. To identify the connection between the author and his / her pseudonym, we use the biographical method, which helps to clarify the origin of a name through the details of his / her life. The biographical method of research enabled us to reveal that writers formed pseudonyms from the names of ethnic regions and settlements of Ukraine (Saltychivskyi, Liskovytskyi), and less often from places of detention, to emphasise the place of torture. Instead of their names, the “undershot” authors indicated their profession or occupation (Istoryk / Historian), names of plants (Mak / Poppy, Veres / Heather), birds (Horlytsia / Turtledove, Odud / Hoopoe), insects (Gedz / Gadfly, Zhuk / Beetle), names of gods (Svarog), saints (Trifon), historical figures (Zalizniak), and literary characters (Halaida). Although the passionate energy of our compatriots aimed at conveying information about the genocide of the Ukrainian people had a noticeable resonance, it could not change the situation, because the Western world was involved into other problems in the context of confrontation between states with different social systems.