bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Islamist-Secular Cleavages at Tunisia ́s Universities
Authors: Tho Seeth Amanda
Published: February 2017

This article shows how the struggle between secularist and Islamist forces has entered Tunisia´s universities since the introduction of democracy in 2011. In the new political freedom, Islamist voices have become more powerful at the campuses. The Islamist student organization UGTE for the first time ever won the elections over the student councils in November 2015. A future constant rise and stabilization of Islamist power over academia could be backed up by the current weakness of the secular parties in parliament. Furthermore, since democratization, universities have become targets of Salafist violent protests and are affected by the temporary curfews imposed after recurrent terrorist attacks by The Islamic State (IS) in the country.
Frantz Fanon and the #MustFall Movements in South Africa
Authors: Luescher Thierry M
Published: February 2017

What started in early 2015 as a series of protests at the University of Cape Town against the statue of Cecil John Rhodes expanded by the end of the year into a nationwide student movement under the label #FeesMustFall. This article analyzes the development and characteristics of the movement as a networked student movement along with its ideological inspiration in the work of Frantz Fanon.
University Governance Reforms in Kazakhstan
Authors: Bilyalov Darkhan
Published: February 2017

This article depicts the country’s efforts to loose centralized state control and grant more autonomy to higher education institutions. It explains the rationale for these reforms and how the traditional structure and individual actors in university governance have shaped the context and culture of the educational landscape. The author discusses evolution of corporate governance implementation and provides analysis of both the challenges of the process and positive developments resulting from it. He argues that lessons learned from Kazakhstan’s reform might be instrumental for other countries sharing the legacy of the soviet governance system.
Does Research Mobility Have an Effect on Productivity and Impact?
Authors: Halevi Gali , Moed Henk F. , Bar-Ilan Judit
Published: February 2017

This article examines whether domestic or international mobility of scientists have positive effect on the productivity or impact of their work. We analyzed 100 top producing authors from 7 disciplines and found that mobility between at least two affiliations increases both output (number of publications) and impact (number of citations). However, mobility between countries does not seem to have a positive impact as domestic affiliation mobility.
The State of Internationalization in Canadian Higher Education
Authors: McBride Karen
Published: February 2017

How do we increase the scale and scope of international experiences for students thereby ensuring that they have the knowledge, skills and competencies they need in a globalized world? This article examines the state of internationalization in Canadian higher education, the global engagement challenge for Canada and the need for a proactive, inclusive approach from institutions, governments and businesses.
China Calls for Smarter Standards for Its World-Class Universities
Authors: Zha Qiang
Published: February 2017

China recently launched a new stage of world-class university campaign, and emphasized developing the “Chinese characteristics” this time. Arguably, global rankings remain the most powerful illustration of who can claim world-class standing, which in turn renders the “Chinese characteristics” in question. This article argues that China would benefit from a kind of explicit “Chinese standards” to help establish a clearer direction for higher education development in the country.
University Branch Campuses in Kenya
Authors: Munene Ishmael I
Published: February 2017

The catalyst for the rapid growth of the multi-campus university system in Kenya include revenue enhancement, expansion of access and mitigating the equity challenge.  Despite these noble social goals, this model of university development has been discredited owing to quality, equity and restrictive programing concerns.  A reframing of the campus model towards regional-specific high-autonomy campuses could ameliorate these concerns.
European Universities in the Aftermath of the Economic Crisis
Authors: Ritzen Jo
Published: February 2017

European universities have suffered from the economic crisis over the period 2008-2014. In the countries hardest hit, future university graduates are likely to be less competent, while a reduced research performance. Europe as a whole has lost some of its competitive edge versus Asia even though equality of opportunity has been safeguarded.
Singapore’s “Global Schoolhouse” Aspirations
Authors: Tan Jason
Published: February 2017

Singapore’s Trade and Industry Ministry announced an ambitious ‘global schoolhouse’ vision in 2002. This vision, which was clearly economically-driven in nature, involved Singapore capturing a share of the lucrative international education market by attracting 150,000 international full-fee paying students by the year 2015. Fourteen years down the road, it appears that the target is nowhere near attainment.
Internationalization of the Curriculum in Israeli Colleges
Authors: Marantz-Gal Amit
Published: February 2017

The internationalization of the curriculum is discussed in the context an Israeli college. Among the goals is to highlight the diversity of students and to assist in mutual understanding and peace-building.
Excellence Initiatives to Create World-Class Universities
Authors: Salmi Jamil
Published: February 2017

In the era of global rankings, many governments want to make sure that their top universities are actually operating at the cutting edge of intellectual and scientific development.  A major concern has therefore been to identify the most effective method for inducing substantial and rapid progress in a country’s top universities.  In order to accelerate the process of improving their top universities, several governments have launched so-called “excellence initiatives”, consisting of large injections of additional funding to boost their university sector.  This article assesses the impact of these initiatives on the universities involved and on the rest of the tertiary education system.  While the first section analyzes the main features of excellence initiatives, the second part examines their results as well as their limitations.
Two Central Obstacles to Russian Academic Excellence
Authors: Altbach Philip
Published: February 2017

Russian higher education must solve several key problems if world-class status is to be achieved. These include including the academies of science, where most research is done, into the universities, and linking many of the independent medical universities with the mainstream universities.
Private Higher Education in Vietnam: Issues of Governance and Policy
Authors: Nguyen Dao T. H.
Published: February 2017

Among many issues facing private higher education (PHE) in Vietnam, governance tensions and irrelevant government policy are widely considered as the most pressing ones. They are impediments to survival and development of private universities. In order to provide most reliable and viable recommendations, the researcher conducted a qualitative multi-site case study with the instrumentation of in-depth semi-structured interviews and document analysis to explore each issue and trace the fundamental causes from legislation. The internal governance tension emerged from conflicting viewpoints among members of the board of directors and president about whether to run their institutions as not-for-profit or for-profit. Misleading legislation has resulted in this tension and confusion in the conceptions of the two categories in practice. The external governance tension was found in the relationship between the government and individual institutions. There have been many complaints about impractical, irrational, inconsistent, and fluctuating legislation governing private institutions. Educational policy was also problematic with its limited resources and unequal treatment toward PHE.
International Universities in the Arab World: What is Their Place?
Authors: Anderson Lisa
Published: February 2017

International institutions of higher education—from American-style universities to international branch campuses—have proliferated in the Arab world in the last several decades in response to both increasing demand for university places and declining quality in regional higher education.  But are these institutions really taking root, or are the demands of international recruitment and rankings isolating them from their local and regional communities?
A Chinese Branch Campus in Malaysia—Adjusting Fundamentals
Authors: Yingfei He Bonnie , Ruby Alan
Published: February 2017

The first overseas campus established by a renowned Chinese university- Xiamen University Malaysia is a flagship of China’s international engagement strategy in higher education. How XMUM adjusts and adapts to the local environment will be an exemplar for other Chinese universities.
Brexit: Challenges for Universities in Hard Times
Authors: Marginson Simon
Published: February 2017

The UK has voted to leave the EU primarily because of opposition to migration. Free movement from EU countries into UK will end with ‘Brexit’ in 2019 and international student numbers will be cut sharply. Universities face a substantial decline in international student revenues—initially among non-EU students—and lose participation in EU collaborative research schemes which generate £1 billion year in UK research activity.
Missing but Needed: Research on Transnational Education
Authors: Knight Jane , Liu Qin
Published: February 2017

This article discusses research trends concerning international higher education. More than 300 journal articles and chapters are analyzed relating to transnational education.
The Complex Diversity of Southeast Asian Postsecondary Education
Authors: Altbach Philip G.
Published: February 2017

Higher education in Southeast Asia constitutes a complex mosaic of cultures, languages, and academic traditions. This article argues that while there are some similarities, the many variations make it difficult to generalize about the region or to create a common approach to higher education development.
Merging and Demerging Education Ministries in Malaysia
Authors: Sack Richard , Jalloun Omar
Published: February 2017

There is little research about the potential effects of large-scale institutional changes. Mergers and demergers of educational ministries provide an example of such changes, with their impact on the detailed workings of the organizational mechanics of education systems. The case study reported here is based on the perceptions of the frontline actors concerned by mergers/demergers, none of whom expressed enthusiasm for the merger. Overall, the Malaysian merger, and the demerger two years later, had little overall effect. The short time of the merger was a factor, as well as the existence of autonomous agencies assuring key functions.
Christian Higher Education's Place within Private Higher Education
Authors: Levy Daniel
Published: February 2017

Universities sponsored by Christian churches are a neglected but important part of private higher education everywhere. Christian higher education is rapidly expanding in Africa particularly. This article discusses the nature of expansion as well as the challenges facing Christian higher education worldwide.
Growing on the Margins: Global Christian Higher Education
Authors: Glanzer Perry L.
Published: February 2017

The more than 1,000 universities that identify a Christian identity globally are a growing global phenomenon. These universities are an especially rapidly growing segment of private higher education worldwide.
Christian Universities Grow in Africa
Authors: Carpenter Joel
Published: February 2017

Christian higher education is expanding rapidly in Africa, following the growth of Christian populations on the continent. Although dynamic, these universities face the same problems of resources, standards, and other that confront African universities generally.
Latin American Universities: Stuck in the Twentieth Century
Authors: Knobel Marcelo , Bernasconi Andrés
Published: February 2017

The higher education sector in Latin America has fallen short of its promise of spearheading cultural, social, and economic progress for the region. As higher education changes to meet the challenges on the new century, the few flagship universities of Latin America are called upon to lead. However, these universities face both internal and external obstacles that hinder their full modernization, threatening their leadership.
Islam og revolution
Authors: Brønd Thomas Vladimir
Published: February 2017

This article deals with the ways in which Islam is put to use by the Syrian regime and its opposition in the Syrian Uprising. By applying anthropological theory about politics of immediation and political theory about ideologies to a specific case – namely bombings in Kafer Suseh in Damascus in December 2011 – the article illustrates how horrific images in the conflict are mediated as part of distinctive political projects. The article traces the work of anti-regime activists on the Internet and on TV as well as that of pro-regime representatives in order to understand the peculiar scapegoating processes that followed in the hours after the bombings. In effect, a certain dynamic of ideological mediation is proposed in which social, historical and political presuppositions are suppressed. Resurfacing the historical conditions of mediation gives a better understanding of how horrific events as the one in the case are mediated. On a fundamental level, the case and its analysis indicates how politics of immediation and ideology intertwine in battles over Islam and its future role in Syria.
Syriens kendteste TV-Shaykh bakker stædigt op bag styret. Hvorfor?
Authors: Skovgaard-Petersen Jakob
Published: February 2017

Employing the notion of “great intellectual” from Gramsci, this paper argues that the most important great intellectual of Syrian, Sayyed Ramadan al-Buti (b. 1929) has had compelling reasons for continuing his support for Bashar al-Assad at a time when most of the Sunni population has revolted against his regime. For decades, al-Buti has been promoting an anti-Islamist agenda, whilst arguing for a socially conservative Syrian society. Although this ran counter to the regime’s modernist and secularist aspirations, al-Buti succeeded in getting it his way by staying loyal during political crises, if his demands were met. This was also his strategy in the spring of 2011. However, with the Baath ideology all but obsolete, this time the regime has had no ideological defense against a popular uprising calling for democratic institutions. Instead, it has opted for a policy of violent suppression of the uprising. This has created a new type of resistance, with more “organic” intellectuals who have delivered unprecedented and daring blows at al-Buti’s own person.
Ufuldkommenhedens etik: Om at realisere sufismen som dydsetik i det post-sovjetiske Usbekistan
Authors: Louw Maria
Published: February 2017

With a point of departure in fieldwork conducted among Muslims connected with – or inspired by – the Naqshbandiyya Sufi tariqa in Post-Soviet Uzbekistan, this paper focuses on the paradoxes involved in realizing Sufism as virtue ethics. Through a continuous work on the self the Naqshbandis seek to approach God as well as to realize Sufism as this-worldly virtue ethics. What stands out as central in their experience of this process, however, is neither the encounter with the Divine, nor their own ethical perfection. Rather, it is insistent feelings of vulnerability, doubt and imperfection and a sense of being further and further away from the ideals of Sufism the more they seek them or seek to realize them. The paper will focus on these paradoxes – paradoxes which may be general to Sufism as such, or which at least lie as a potential in Sufism as well as other religious traditions which seek to realize transcendent ideals in an imperfect world, but which are accentuated in a context like the post-Soviet one: Here they are tied to the historical experience of loss related with the Soviet years as well as the social upheavals following the breaking up of the Soviet Union.
Bektashi-traditionen – en folkelig sufisme?
Authors: Saggau Emil B.H.
Published: February 2017

One of the central linages in Turkish Sufism was the Ottoman promoted Bektashi Order, closely connected to the Janissary corps. Nowadays the tradition is often labeled as a ‘popular Sufism’, without any discussion of what that concept means and the contradictions between folk religion and Sufism in general. This article concerns the question of what constitutes popular Sufism and how it is expressed within the Bektashi tradition. The first part analyzes the trends and religio-sociological components of Sufism and folk culture in the early Bektashi hagiographic text, Velayetname, and in the younger Bektashi textbook, Makalat. The second part consists of a discussion of what Sufi components the modern Albanian Bektashi Order has preserved and to what extent this Order still is a Sufi order and not just an Islamic folk religion
Stereotyper og fjendebilleder: En undersøgelse af udvalgte, danske mediers fremstilling af muslimer og islam
Authors: Jacobsen Sara Jul , Weibel Kristina , Jensen Tina Gudrun
Published: February 2017

This article discusses the Danish media setting and framing of Muslims and Islam exploring the role of the Danish media in the construction of the public discourse on Muslims in Denmark. The article is based on the main findings of a two-month monitoring of four Danish newspapers between mid-October and mid-December 2011. In the study we find, that a relatively large share of the items concerning Muslims and Islam are negatively framed and restricted to certain topics such as religious extremism, sharia and terror, and that the reporting is rather one-sided and exclusive of minority voices hereby contributing to a stereotypical and distorted presentation of Muslims and Islam. Therefore we argue, that the Danish media discourse contributes to the construction of a negative public discourse on Muslims and Islam, and at the same time serve to legitimize and normalize subtle racist and discriminatory attitudes towards Muslims.
Public Islam in the Contemporary World: A View on the American Case
Authors: Williams Rhys H.
Published: February 2017

The article reviews the status of the highly diverse community of American Muslims, with reference to US national identity and immigration history, history of Islam in the USA, and civil society organization. It is found that on average, and after the civil right movement of the 1960s, Muslims are very well assimilated into the US society and economy, in which the specific American civil society and religious organizations play an important enabling part, providing networks and inroads to society for newcomers as well as vehicles for preserving ethniccultural distinctiveness. This broad pattern of development has not changed in the aftermath of 9/11 and ensuing wars on terror. Compared with the Nordic context, where Muslims are often considered challenging to a secular social order, American Muslims do not stand out as more or differently religious, or any less American, than other religious communities. It is tentatively concluded that, downsides apart, US national identity and civil society structure could be more favorable for the social integration of Muslims than the Nordic welfare state model.
Muslims in Norway: Value Discourses and Interreligious Dialogue
Authors: Leirvik Oddbjørn
Published: February 2017

This article discusses value discourses among Muslims in Norway in the light of political frameworks and public debates. It particularly analyses Norwegian Muslims’ relation to values associated with the welfare state and gender equality, and the role of interreligious dialogue in Norwegian society. Among the findings are, that while generational changes contribute to some young Norwegian Muslims’ identification with institutionalized Norwegian values and practices related to dialogue and gender, others choose to identify with strongly conservative values, not least concerning gender; and others again, although very few, identify with Islamic political extremism.
The Discourse of Multiculturalism: An Obstacle to Cultural Change?
Authors: Roald Anne Sofie
Published: February 2017

This article discusses how the discourse of multiculturalism affects religious and cultural changes in the Muslim communities in Sweden and Norway, particularly with reference to gender and gender relations. Although the two societies have few multicultural policies, the discourse on multiculturalism has still led to claims for legal pluralism. However, it seems that there is an obvious change of attitudes to such claims between the first-generation Muslim immigrants and their descendants, second-generation Norwegian and Swedish Muslims.
The State and the Imams: Summary of a Government Report on Training Programmes for Imams in Sweden
Authors: Larsson Göran
Published: February 2017

The aim of this article is to show how the issue of imam training programmes was analysed and discussed in the official Swedish report Staten och imamerna. Religion, integration, autonomi (The State and the imams: religion, integration, autonomy) (SOU 2009:52), issued by the Swedish Ministry of Education in 2009. The Swedish report is here described with reference to contemporary debates and discussions about integration, security and equal civil rights in Europe. The enquiry came to the conclusion that the Swedish state should not support a specific training programme for imams. The Swedish state should be confessionally neutral, and to start a specific training for imams at university level and on state initiative would conflict with confessional neutrality; in addition, to single out Muslims would signal that Muslims are considered to be a problem group more in need of training than other religious (especially other migrant religious) groups.
Håndtering af muslimske praksisser i danske folkeskoler: Autoritet, inklusion og religion
Authors: Jensen Sidsel Vive
Published: February 2017

The Danish public debate on Islam is often concerned with the ways in which Islam is governed in Danish institutions. This article describes – on the basis of survey and interview data from schools across the country – why and how Muslim practices are governed in Danish public schools. The article demonstrates that governance of Muslim practices is not an either-or question of authority. Rather, two types of governance are identified on basis of the collected data: inclusive and exclusive governance. Inclusive governance is generally developed in schools with a high concentration of Muslim pupils. Exclusive governance is slightly more developed in schools where ’specialists’ (e.g. consultants or counsellors) have been involved in the process of developing schools’ governance than in schools where no specialists have been involved. Surprisingly, head teachers’ perceptions of Islam and religion have no direct influence on the kind of governance developed.
Den private religion: Fortolkninger af muslimske børns religiøse tilhørsforhold i en dansk folkeskole
Authors: Pedersen Marianne Holm
Published: February 2017

While the teaching of religion in the Danish folkeskole is a widely debated issue, there is little knowledge about how parents of Muslim background relate to the role of religion in the children’s daily school life. This article explores the meanings that teachers and parents at a school in the Danish province attribute to Muslim children’s religious backgrounds. Based on interviews with school leadership, teachers, parents and children, it particularly examines how they interpret the course ‘knowledge of Christianity’ and how they view the division of responsibility for teaching children about religion. It argues that while both parents and teachers understand religious belonging as a private matter that does not concern the school, they have different understandings of what this means and what it should imply for the children’s participation in school activities. The article further argues that the so-called encounter between ‘Muslim practices’ and ‘Danish values’ rather constitutes yet another example of negotiations that have always taken place in modern Danish society between the institutions of family and school.
Hverdagens religiøsitet i og udenfor skolen: Om kirker, nisser og bedetæpper
Authors: Khawaja Iram
Published: February 2017

How is religion and religiosity – especially Muslimness ‒ perceived and constructed in school children’s everyday life? This is the main question of the article which is explored through an analysis of a photo-project and a mind map session with two fifth grade classes in a school in Copenhagen. The children were given the task of taking pictures of places, people, situations or objects from their everyday lives which they believed were associated with religion or religiosity. The analysis of the images and the mind map produced in the class shows some interesting patterns in regard to the dominant regimes of representations. The visual and material expressions of religiosity are centered on specific religions, namely Christianity and Islam and locations, such as private/public and school/home. These patterns are connected to societal and national discourses on religiosity and secularity, and processes of minoritisation and majoritisation of religious practice. The article also includes reflections on the methodology of using pictures as a visual medium in the exploration of the religiosity of everyday life in and outside the school.
“Islamic Order”: Semeiotics and Pragmatism in the Muslim Brotherhood?
Authors: Mårtensson Ulrika
Published: February 2017

The article argues that Ḥassan al-Bannā (d. 1949) developed a pragmatist hermeneutics, in the twofold sense that religious experience provides the framework for defining and interpreting political concepts; and that a concept acquires meaning through the action that an interpreter infers from it. The hermeneutic is analysed here also with reference to al-Bannā’s concepts ʿaqīda (creed), niẓām islāmī (Islamic order), daʿwa (invitation), and minhāğ (methodology), and by considering the Muslim Brotherhood’s political development in the period 1990–2013.
Inefficacité des formations didactiques comme outil d’intégration de services en dépendance dans les soins de première ligne
Authors: Maynard Serge , Campbell Emily , Boodhoo Katie , Xenocostas Spyridoula , Gill Kathryn ,   L’Équipe IRSC – Traitement de la toxicomanie (CIHR TEAM in substance abuse treatment)
Published: February 2017

Objectif : Les intervenants de première ligne sont en position idéale pour fournir des services de repérage, détection, interventions brèves et orientation (RDIBO) aux patients ayant un problème de dépendance. Par contre, la mise en oeuvre du RDIBO dans la pratique clinique présente de nombreux défis et son adoption généralisée s’avère lente. L’objectif global de cette recherche a été d’examiner les expériences vécues par les intervenants de première ligne ayant suivi les ateliers de formation du ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux (MSSS) afin de mettre en oeuvre le programme-services Dépendances et, ensuite, d’étudier la relation entre cette formation et l’intégration des savoirs acquis à la pratique.

Méthodes : Deux groupes de discussion focalisée ont eu lieu avec un total de 10 intervenants de première ligne et, dans une seconde phase, 69 questionnaires ont été distribués à d’autres intervenants, dont 22 avaient eu l’occasion de suivre la formation du MSSS. Tous les intervenants provenaient d’un centre de santé et de services sociaux (CSSS) qui était dans le processus de mise en place des services de première ligne en dépendance, tel qu’exigé par le programme-services Dépendances du MSSS.

Résultats : Bien que la formation ait contribué à accroître la connaissance des participants sur la dépendance, les participants ont dit faire peu usage des outils de formation et avoir apporté peu de changements concrets à leur pratique clinique postatelier. En outre, les participants ont eu le sentiment que la formation dispensée ne les a pas suffisamment outillés pour adopter et mettre en oeuvre le RDIBO, car trop théorique et déconnectée du stade de mise en oeuvre dans leur propre organisme.

Conclusion : La tenue d’ateliers est une approche fréquemment utilisée pour encourager l’adoption de nouvelles pratiques dans les milieux de soins de santé. Cependant, ils sont peu susceptibles de conduire à des changements de pratique significatifs à long terme. Les résultats sont discutés dans l’optique d’une réflexion sur le processus de transfert de connaissances.
El uso didáctico del diablo cartesiano en la formación inicial de maestros
Authors: Carrasquer José , Ponz Adrián , Talavera Marta , Carrasquer Beatriz , Álvarez Maria Victoria
Published: February 2017

La relación didáctica entre profesorado y estudiante es esencial para alcanzar que éste construya su saber a partir de una transposición de los conocimientos. El primero debe plantear qué propuesta metodológica es la apropiada para que el alumnado alcance las competencias previstas. Los contenidos transpuestos no han de contradecir sustancialmente los planteamientos científicos que explican los fenómenos, independientemente del nivel educativo. El trabajo que se presenta propone la utilización de textos históricos para implicar al alumnado en la comprensión de los fenómenos físicos-biológicos a partir de actividades prácticas similares a las que condujeron a interpretar la función de la vejiga natatoria y paralelamente a la difusión del diablillo cartesiano, vinculado con la construcción de los primeros termoscopios.
Iberoamérica en los currículos autonómicos de Ciencias Sociales de Educación Primaria: ¿realidad educativa o declaración de intenciones?
Authors: Ortega Sánchez Delfín , Rodríguez Lestegás Francisco
Published: February 2017

El presente estudio pretende aproximarse a la determinación curricular de la dimensión iberoamericana, así como a sus implicaciones culturales identitarias, mediante el análisis de los planteamientos y enfoques prescritos en las nuevas disposiciones autonómicas de la LOMCE para la Educación Primaria en España. Asimismo, revisa la presencia y potencial adopción de perspectivas interculturales en la enseñanza de la Historia, y específicamente de la iberoamericana, para este nivel educativo.
Propuesta de itinerario interdisciplinar en la formación del profesorado de Educación Primaria en el ámbito de las Ciencias Sociales y Experimentales
Authors: Medina Quintana Silvia , Arrebola Haro José Carlos , Mora Márquez Manuel , López Fernández José Antonio
Published: February 2017

Proponemos en este trabajo un planteamiento interdisciplinar cuya experiencia se está llevando a cabo en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Córdoba, entre las áreas de Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales y Experimentales, a través de una metodología activa en el desarrollo de un itinerario didáctico, donde el alumnado es el que lleva a cabo la preparación de las paradas y la exposición de las mismas. Esta propuesta de colaboración entre estas dos áreas fija sus objetivos en la participación integral de cada discente a través de la búsqueda y análisis de información relevante y la cooperación entre grupos. La tarea fomenta capacidades y competencias relacionadas con la transversalidad y la interdisciplinariedad de los contenidos y para su formación en el Grado de Educación Primaria.
Fuentes primarias, objetos y artefactos en la interpretación de la historia. Diseño y evaluación de un taller de numismática en Educación Secundaria
Authors: Gómez Carrasco Cosme Jesús , Prieto Prieto José A.
Published: February 2017

Este trabajo presenta el diseño y evaluación de una experiencia de innovación para la enseñanza de la historia, basada en el uso de un taller de numismática en la unidad didáctica sobre el Antiguo Régimen. Se incide principalmente en los aspectos metodológicos de la experiencia, y en el uso de diferentes fuentes para desarrollar la interpretación y argumentación histórica en el alumnado. La experiencia se realizó en tres cursos consecutivos. La valoración de la experiencia se realizó a través de un cuestionario cerrado con una escala de estimación tipo Likert (1-5), donde el alumnado debía valorar tanto la actividad, como el proceso de enseñanza y el aprendizaje adquirido. Los resultados fueron positivos a lo largo de los tres años.
‘Mírate Los Pies Y Desharás La Rueda’. La Emblemática Y Las Novelas Ejemplares De Cervantes
Authors: D’Onofrio Julia
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT: This study posits a number of possible crossroads useful for the the study of the relationship between emblematics and literature. It focuses specifically on the case of Cervantes, whose always elusive works defy any attempt to pigeonhole them in simple connections. Concretely, it offers a proposal for the analysis of emblematic structures in the Novelas ejemplares. The examples adduced attempt to illustrate the complex modes of dialogue between the narratives of  Cervantes and the emblem, considering the latter as the most characteristic artifact of the symbolic culture of the 16th and 17th centuries. KEYWORDS: Emblematics; Cervantes; Novelas ejemplares; Narratives; Golden Age; Topoi.  RESUMEN: Plantea este trabajo posibles vías de cruce para estudiar la relación entre la emblemática y la literatura. Se enfoca en el particular caso de Cervantes cuya obra siempre elusiva rechaza encasillarse en conexiones simples. En particular se presenta una propuesta de análisis de estructuras emblemáticas en las Novelas ejemplares. El recorrido pretende ilustrar los modos complejos del diálogo de la narrativa cervantina con el emblema considerándolo como el artefacto más característico de la cultura simbólica de los siglos XVI y XVII.PALABRAS CLAVES: emblemática; Cervantes; Novelas Ejemplares; narrativa; Siglo de Oro; tópicos.
López Quero, Salvador y Maestre Maestre, José María (eds.) [2015]. Studia Angelo Urbano dicata.
Authors: Monserrat Roig Catalina
Published: February 2017

Recensión del libro:LÓPEZ QUERO, Salvador y MAESTRE MAESTRE, José María (eds.) [2015]. Studia Angelo Urbano dicata, (eds.), Alcañiz-Madrid, Instituto de Estudios Humanísticos y Federación Andaluza de Estudios Clásicos, 738 pp.
La forma i la lletra en Ramon Llull. Una breu introducció als elements visuals en l’obra lul·liana
Authors: Serra Zamora Anna
Published: February 2017

RESUM: No ha estat fins fa poc temps que s’ha posat el focus d’atenció en la gran riquesa de l’obra lul·liana pel que fa al llenguatge visual, un element que va tenir un ampli desenvolupament al llarg del lul·lisme del Renaixement i del Barroc, però també en l’art contemporani. D’entrada, en les figures lul·lianes es troben elements que requereixen una reflexió: l’ús de formes i de lletres, i, en definitiva, la construcció d’una diagramàtica sobre la qual encara avui cal aplicar una catalogació i una interpretació més enllà de desentrellar-ne l’aplicabilitat o funcionalitat en relació amb cada text, aspectes que l’investigador A. Bonner ha estudiat a bastament, junt amb A. Soler.
Convenció i excepció en la imatge dels gravats de Ramon Llull
Authors: Sacarès Taberner Miquela
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT: Study of the engravings that depict Ramón Llull, which are found mainly in Lullian editions from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries. This study first analyzes the conventional images that define the conceptual iconographic type of Llull. It also examines two engravings whose meaning is related to the context of the period. KEYWORDS: Ramon Llull; Francesc Rossello; Lullian editions; Lullian iconography.  RESUM: Estudi dels gravats que representen Ramon Llull, localitzats en les edicions lul·lianes entre els segles XVI al XIX. En primer lloc s’analitzen les imatges convencionals que defineixen el tipus iconogràfic conceptual de Llull. En segon lloc, dos gravats, el significat dels quals és interpretat en relació amb el context de l’època.PARAULES CLAUS: Ramon Llull; Francesc Rosselló; edicions lul·lianes; iconografia lul·liana.  RESUMEN: Estudio de los grabados que representan a Ramón Llull, localizados en las ediciones lulianas entre los siglos XVI al XIX. En primer lugar se analizan las imágenes que definen el tipo iconográfico conceptual de Llull. En segundo lugar, dos grabados cuyo significado és interpretado en relación con el contexto de la época. PALABRAS CLAVES: Ramon Llull; Francesc Rosselló; ediciones lul·lianes; iconografía luliana.
Disordered clusters of Bak dimers rupture mitochondria during apoptosis
Authors: Uren Rachel T , O’Hely Martin , Iyer Sweta , Bartolo Ray , Shi Melissa X , Brouwer Jason M , Alsop Amber E , Dewson Grant , Kluck Ruth M
Published: February 2017

During apoptosis, Bak and Bax undergo major conformational change and form symmetric dimers that coalesce to perforate the mitochondrial outer membrane via an unknown mechanism. We have employed cysteine labelling and linkage analysis to the full length of Bak in mitochondria. This comprehensive survey showed that in each Bak dimer the N-termini are fully solvent-exposed and mobile, the core is highly structured, and the C-termini are flexible but restrained by their contact with the membrane. Dimer-dimer interactions were more labile than the BH3:groove interaction within dimers, suggesting there is no extensive protein interface between dimers. In addition, linkage in the mobile Bak N-terminus (V61C) specifically quantified association between dimers, allowing mathematical simulations of dimer arrangement. Together, our data show that Bak dimers form disordered clusters to generate lipidic pores. These findings provide a molecular explanation for the observed structural heterogeneity of the apoptotic pore.
Inhibitory peptidergic modulation of C. elegans serotonin neurons is gated by T-type calcium channels
Authors: Zang Kara E , Ho Elver , Ringstad Niels
Published: February 2017

Serotonin is an evolutionarily ancient molecule that functions in generating and modulating many behavioral states. Although much is known about how serotonin acts on its cellular targets, how serotonin release is regulated in vivo remains poorly understood. In the nematode C. elegans, serotonin neurons that drive female reproductive behavior are directly modulated by inhibitory neuropeptides. Here, we report the isolation of mutants in which inhibitory neuropeptides fail to properly modulate serotonin neurons and the behavior they mediate. The corresponding mutations affect the T-type calcium channel CCA-1 and symmetrically re-tune its voltage-dependencies of activation and inactivation towards more hyperpolarized potentials. This shift in voltage dependency strongly and specifically bypasses the behavioral and cell physiological effects of peptidergic inhibition on serotonin neurons. Our results indicate that T-type calcium channels are critical regulators of a C. elegans serotonergic circuit and demonstrate a mechanism in which T-type channels functionally gate inhibitory modulation in vivo.
Long-range projection neurons in the taste circuit of Drosophila
Authors: Kim Heesoo , Kirkhart Colleen , Scott Kristin
Published: February 2017

Taste compounds elicit innate feeding behaviors and act as rewards or punishments to entrain other cues. The neural pathways by which taste compounds influence innate and learned behaviors have not been resolved. Here, we identify three classes of taste projection neurons (TPNs) in Drosophila melanogaster distinguished by their morphology and taste selectivity. TPNs receive input from gustatory receptor neurons and respond selectively to sweet or bitter stimuli, demonstrating segregated processing of different taste modalities. Activation of TPNs influences innate feeding behavior, whereas inhibition has little effect, suggesting parallel pathways. Moreover, two TPN classes are absolutely required for conditioned taste aversion, a learned behavior. The TPNs essential for conditioned aversion project to the superior lateral protocerebrum (SLP) and convey taste information to mushroom body learning centers. These studies identify taste pathways from sensory detection to higher brain that influence innate behavior and are essential for learned responses to taste compounds.
When complex neuronal structures may not matter
Authors: Otopalik Adriane G , Sutton Alexander C , Banghart Matthew , Marder Eve
Published: February 2017

Much work has explored animal-to-animal variability and compensation in ion channel expression. Yet, little is known regarding the physiological consequences of morphological variability. We quantify animal-to-animal variability in cable lengths (CV = 0.4) and branching patterns in the Gastric Mill (GM) neuron, an identified neuron type with highly-conserved physiological properties in the crustacean stomatogastric ganglion (STG) of Cancer borealis. We examined passive GM electrotonic structure by measuring the amplitudes and apparent reversal potentials (Erevs) of inhibitory responses evoked with focal glutamate photo-uncaging in the presence of TTX. Apparent Erevs were relatively invariant across sites (mean CV ± SD = 0.04 ± 0.01; 7–20 sites in each of 10 neurons), which ranged between 100–800 µm from the somatic recording site. Thus, GM neurons are remarkably electrotonically compact (estimated λ > 1.5 mm). Electrotonically compact structures, in consort with graded transmission, provide an elegant solution to observed morphological variability in the STG.
Can fearlessness come in a tiny package?
Authors: Luikart Bryan W
Published: February 2017

A molecule called microRNA-153 helps to prevent rats associating new environments with fear.
The eyes have it
Authors: Keleş Mehmet , Frye Mark A
Published: February 2017

Molecular genetic experiments are revealing how the fly brain generates behavioral responses to visual stimuli.
Elucidating the role of the pLG72 R30K substitution in schizophrenia susceptibility
Authors: Sacchi Silvia , Cappelletti Pamela , Pirone Luciano , Smaldone Giovanni , Pedone Emilia , Pollegioni Loredano
Published: February 2017

In the human brain, pLG72 interacts with the flavoenzyme d‐amino acid oxidase (hDAAO), which is involved in catabolism of d‐serine, a co‐agonist of N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptors (NMDAR). Here, we investigated the wild‐type pLG72, the R30K variant associated with schizophrenia susceptibility, and the K62E variant. The protein conformation, oligomeric state, ligand‐, and hDAAO‐binding properties are only slightly modified by the substitutions. All pLG72 variants inhibit hDAAO and lead to an increase in cellular (d/d+l)‐serine. However, the R30K pLG72 is significantly more prone to degradation than the R30 and the K62E variants in a cell system, thus possessing a lower ability to interact/inhibit hDAAO. This links R30K pLG72 with the hyperactivity of hDAAO, the decreased d‐serine level, and NMDAR hypofunction observed in schizophrenia‐affected patients.
Application of circulating tumor DNA in prospective clinical oncology trials – standardization of preanalytical conditions
Authors: van Dessel Lisanne F. , Beije Nick , Helmijr Jean C.A. , Vitale Silvia R. , Kraan Jaco , Look Maxime P. , de Wit Ronald , Sleijfer Stefan , Jansen Maurice P.H.M. , Martens John W.M. , Lolkema Martijn P.
Published: February 2017

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a potential new biomarker with diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic applications for various solid tumor types. Before beginning large prospective clinical trials to prove the added value of utilizing ctDNA in clinical practice, it is essential to investigate the effects of various preanalytical conditions on the quality of cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) in general and of ctDNA in particular in order to optimize and standardize these conditions. Whole blood samples were collected from patients with metastatic cancer bearing a known somatic variant. The following preanalytical conditions were investigated: (a) different time intervals to plasma isolation (1, 24, and 96 h) and (b) different preservatives in blood collection tubes (EDTA, CellSave, and BCT). The quality of cfDNA/ctDNA was assessed by DNA quantification, digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) for somatic variant detection and a β‐actin fragmentation assay for DNA contamination from lysed leukocytes. In 11 (69%) of our 16 patients, we were able to detect the known somatic variant in ctDNA. We observed a time‐dependent increase in cfDNA concentrations in EDTA tubes, which was positively correlated with an increase in wild‐type copy numbers and large DNA fragments (> 420 bp). Using different preservatives did not affect somatic variant detection ability, but did stabilize cfDNA concentrations over time. Variant allele frequency was affected by fluctuations in cfDNA concentration only in EDTA tubes at 96 h. Both CellSave and BCT tubes ensured optimal ctDNA quality in plasma processed within 96 h after blood collection for downstream somatic variant detection by dPCR.
Dysregulation of the miR‐194–CUL4B negative feedback loop drives tumorigenesis in non‐small‐cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Mi Jun , Zou Yongxin , Lin Xiaohua , Lu Juanjuan , liu Xiaochen , Zhao Hui , Ye Xiang , Hu Huili , Jiang Baichun , Han Bo , Shao Changshun , Gong Yaoqin
Published: February 2017

Cullin 4B (CUL4B), a scaffold protein that assembles CRL4B ubiquitin ligase complexes, is overexpressed in many types of cancers and represses many tumor suppressors through epigenetic mechanisms. However, the mechanisms by which CUL4B is upregulated remain to be elucidated. Here, we show that CUL4B is upregulated in non‐small‐cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) tissues and is critically required for cell proliferation and migration in vitro and for xenograft tumor formation in vivo. We found that microRNA‐194 (miR‐194) and CUL4B protein were inversely correlated in cancer specimens and demonstrated that miR‐194 could downregulate CUL4B by directly targeting its 3′‐UTR. We also showed that CUL4B could be negatively regulated by p53 in a miR‐194‐dependent manner. miR‐194 was further shown to attenuate the malignant phenotype of lung cancer cells by downregulating CUL4B. Interestingly, CRL4B also epigenetically represses miR‐194 by catalyzing monoubiquitination at H2AK119 and by coordinating with PRC2 to promote trimethylation at H3K27 at the gene clusters encoding miR‐194. RBX1, another component in CRL4B complex, is also targeted by miR‐194 in NSCLC cells. Our results thus establish a double‐negative feedback loop between miR‐194 and CRL4B, dysregulation of which contributes to tumorigenesis. The function of miR‐194 as a negative regulator of CUL4B has therapeutic implications in lung cancer.