bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Baló’s concentric sclerosis in the pediatric population: literature review and analysis of clinical cases in the context of follow up observation
Authors: Bykova Olga V. , Kudryavtseva Olga I. , Sarzhina Marina N. , Batysheva Tatyana T.
Published: May 2023

Baló’s concentric sclerosis is a rare variant of atypical pseudotumor demyelination, having a pathogenetic similarity with multiple sclerosis and a characteristic neuroimaging pattern with relative clinical heterogeneity. In children and adolescents, Baló’s concentric sclerosis even rarer than in adults, is represented in the scientific literature by single descriptions of clinical cases with a polymorphic clinical phenotype and various anamnestic prerequisites (for example, infectious). Moreover, the published cases do not involve the analysis of a long-term clinical following up in children and adolescents with this pathology, possibly due to their transition to adult neurological services as they grow up. This sample does not allow the analysis of cases of Baló’s concentric sclerosis with pediatric debuts and answer questions about the clinical features and therapeutic needs for such patients. Especially a lot of questions have accumulated concerning approaches to the treatment of patients with the classical, mono-focal form of Baló’s concentric sclerosis. The lack of scientific and clinical information hinders the adoption of administrative decisions on prescribing drugs from the PITRS group (drugs that change the course of multiple sclerosis) to such patients.
To replenish the literature base of pediatric cases of Baló’s concentric sclerosis, we analyzed the Russian experience of long-term (from 2 to 6 years) curation of three juvenile patients with acute non-infectious demyelinating episode and monofocal concentric lesion of the white matter of the brain. Russian data demonstrate the long-term efficacy and tolerability of drugs from the PITRS group among pediatric patients with Baló’s concentric sclerosis.
CÁNCER ESCAMOSO DE ANO CON METÁSTASIS HEPÁTICAS DURANTE EL EMBARAZO
Authors: Carrasco Facundo Sebastian , Pitaco Ignacio , O'Connor Juan Manuel , Oxilia Hernán , Minetti Angel Miguel
Published: May 2023

El cáncer de ano es una enfermedad rara que contribuye al 3% de los tumores malignos gastrointestinales, siendo el escamoso el más frecuente. Es de progresión local y linfática. Raramente presenta metástasis a distancia y cuando ello ocurre lo hace más frecuentemente en Hígado, pulmón y hueso. Sin embargo, no se han hallado publicaciones asociado a cáncer escamoso de ano con metástasis a distancia; motivo de la presente comunicación.
İDARE HUKUKU BOYUTUYLA MİLLETVEKİLLERİNE VERİLEN DİSİPLİN CEZALARININ HUKUKİ NİTELİĞİ VE BUNLARA KARŞI YARGISAL BAŞVURU
Authors: ÇAPAR Asuman
Published: May 2023

Yasama organının yasama fonksiyonu dışında kalan, idari fonksiyon kapsamına giren birtakım faaliyetler yapabildiği konusunda günümüzde tartışma bulunmamaktadır. Bununla birlikte yasama organının hangi işlemlerinin idari fonksiyon kapsamında kaldığı ve bunlara karşı yargı yoluna gidilip gidilmeyeceği, gidilecek ise hangi yargı organına başvurulabileceği hususunda net olmayan bir kısım hukuki alanlar bulunmaktadır. Net olmayan bu alanlardan birisini milletvekillerine verilen disiplin cezalarının hukuki niteliği ve bunlara karşı hangi yargı organına başvurulacağı oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı konuyu bilimsel içtihatlar ve yargı içtihatları çerçevesinde değerlendirmektir. Konu, devlet fonksiyonlarının tasnifinde kullanılan maddi ve şekli (organik) kriter ile idari işlem kavramı çerçevesinde izah edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Kanımızca yasama organınca milletvekillerine verilen disiplin cezaları yasama fonksiyonu kapsamına girmeyen, idari fonksiyon kapsamında kalan işlemlerdir. Bu nedenle milletvekillerine verilen disiplin cezalarına karşı idari yargı yoluna başvurulmalıdır.
Pelayanan Pemeriksaan Kehamilan Dan Penyuluhan Tanda Bahaya Kehamilan Di Praktik Mandiri Bidan Maria Dwi Sapta, S.ST Bandar Lampung
Authors: Aryani Nidya
Published: May 2023

Tanda bahaya kehamilan harus dikenali dan terdeteksi sejak dini sehingga dapat ditangani dengan benar karena setiap tanda bahaya kehamilan bisa mengakibatkan komplikasi kehamilan. Tanda bahaya kehamilan antara lain perdarahan pervaginam, bengkak pada muka atau tangan, sakit kepala yang hebat, penglihatan kabur, nyeri abdomen bagian bawah, janin kurang bergerak seperti biasanya, dan ketuban pecah dini.  Pelayanan pemeriksaan kehamilan dan penyuluhan tanda bahaya kehamilan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan kepatuhan ibu hamil melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilan dan menambah pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang tanda bahaya kehamilan.  Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilan dan memberikan penyuluhan dengan metode ceramah, tanya jawab, dan diskusi terkait tanda bahaya kehamilan. Hasil kegiatan ini adalah ibu hamil memahami tanda bahaya kehamilan dan selanjutnya akan rutin untuk melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilan untuk mendeteksi resiko kehamilan sedini mungkin.
Pelatihan Terapi Relaksasi Otot Progresif Sebagai Upaya Mengontrol Tekanan Darah Penderita Hipertensi Di Desa Pujorahayu Pesawaran
Authors: Sari Yulia Indah Permata
Published: May 2023

Hipertensi merupakan kondisi terjadi peningkatan tekanan darah sistolik sekitar 140 mmHg atau tekanan darah diastolik sekitar 90 mmHg. Hipertensi yang tidak ditangani dengan baik beresiko tinggi untuk terjadi komplikasi antara lain stroke, edema paru, serangan jantung, dan gagal ginjal. Salah satu upaya pencegahan komplikasi hipertensi yaitu dengan melakukan kontrol tekanan darah secara berkala. Penanganan non farmakologis untuk menurunkan hipertensi juga dapat dilakukan dengan terapi komplementer seperti relaksasi otot progresif yang dapat memberikan rasa rileks pada tubuh sehingga mampu membantu mengontrol tekanan darah. Pelatihan terapi relaksasi otot progresif bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang manajemen hipertensi pada masyarakat desa Pujorahayu. Kegiatan pelatihan ini dilakukan dengan menyampaikan materi tentang konsep hipertensi dan dilanjutkan dengan demonstrasi gerakan terapi relaksasi otot progresif. Hasil kegiatan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan melakukan gerakan terapi relaksasi otot progresif sebagai salah satu upaya mengontrol dan menurunkan tekanan darah tinggi.
Co-movement and global factors in sovereign bond yields
Authors: Venetis Ioannis A. , Ladas Avgoustinos
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We study the co-movement in international zero-coupon government bond yields using a recently proposed methodology by Choi et al. (2018) and Choi et al. (2021) for the estimation of multilevel factor models. We employ a readily available non-proprietary dataset coupled with open-source code which facilitates reproduction of the results but also comparability with the existing bibliography. The ten countries dataset is cross-sectionally expanded to eleven countries with newly constructed data series on the term structure of Greek constant-maturity, government zero-coupon bond rates. We find that the country pair US-Germany is most suitable as an initial candidate for global factor estimation. We confirm that three global factors account for most of the variation in zero-coupon bond yields leaving a small proportion to be (contemporaneously) explained by local factors. Global inflation and global real activity are related to the global level and slope factors. The third global factor, “curvature,” is strongly related to economic/financial uncertainty linked to systemic risk stemming from the US financial markets.

JEL classification numbers: C10, E43, G12, G15.
Keywords: Sovereign bonds; Yield curve; Term structure; Multilevel factor model; Global factors; Local factors.
Kesedaran dan Penerapan Amalan Ibu Bapa dalam Memupuk Gaya Hidup Sihat Kanak-Kanak
Authors: Basry Zarina Binti , Mohamed Suziyani
Published: May 2023

Gaya hidup sihat memberi kesan positif terhadap tubuh badan, emosi, kerohanian, daya fikir dan kehidupan sosial seseorang individu. Ibu bapa harus menggalakkan anak-anak mereka mengamalkan diet yang sihat dan rutin senaman dengan menonjolkan nilai serta contoh yang baik kepada mereka. Kajian ini bertujuan mengkaji tahap kesedaran dan penerapan amalan hidup sihat dalam kalangan kanak-kanak prasekolah. Hasil kajian dianalisis menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif. Semasa menjalankan kajian, soalan untuk tinjauan dalam talian telah di adaptasi daripada kajian lepas. Sampel kajian terdiri daripada 70 orang ibu bapa. Analisis kajian mendapati terdapat kaitan antara tahap pengetahuan ibu bapa dengan tingkah laku sebenar mereka serta peningkatan kemahiran dan pengamalan gaya hidup yang sihat dalam kalangan anak-anak mereka. Oleh itu, penulis percaya tindakan ibu bapa mendidik anak-anak mereka pada tahap prasekolah untuk menjalani kehidupan yang sihat melalui amalan pemakanan perlu lebih disedari dan diamalkan. Seterusnya, ibu bapa harus berfikir bahawa menjalani gaya hidup sihat adalah penting untuk kebahagiaan jangka panjang anak-anak mereka. Oleh itu, kajian ini diharapkan dapat menarik perhatian kepada aktiviti ibu bapa dalam mempromosi gaya hidup sihat melalui pemakanan seimbang, khususnya untuk anak-anak kecil.
Clasificación de texto con NLP en tweets relacionados con desastres naturales
Authors: Quenta Nina Patrik Renee , Quispe Cahuana Frank Berly
Published: May 2023

Actualmente existe una gran cantidad de información circula a través de las redes sociales, esta no siempre tiende a ser verídica y tratándose de desastres naturales su falsedad podría llegar a tener bastante consecuencias como histeria colectiva en la población. Para evitar esto se propuso un análisis eficiente para la comprobación de tweets con información falsa utilizando algoritmos de procesamiento de lenguaje natural.
A inserção do ensino de química na área brasileira de educação em ciências
Authors: Jesus Alaércio Moura Peixoto de
Published: May 2023

A produção científica da área de Educação em Ciências (EC) vem se ampliando e se tornou objeto de investigação que contribui para a análise das perspectivas de pesquisa nesse âmbito. Buscamos investigar: qual perfil métrico do Ensino de Química (EQ) na área brasileira de Educação em Ciências? Com o objetivo de traçar um perfil métrico das pesquisas que destacam o EQ, ao analisar sua inserção na área brasileira de EC, por meio dos artigos publicados em cinco periódicos da área entre 1996 e 2018. Utilizamos como metodologia a abordagem biblio-cienciométrica para examinar indicadores gerais, de autoria-produção, conteúdo e referências. Nesse sentido, foi possível depreender que a subárea do Ensino de Química apresenta potencial crescimento no número de suas publicações na área de EC, bem como observar tendências que se repetem em outros estudos métricos, tais como alguns indicadores de autoria, frequência das pesquisas empírico-práticas, uso dos documentos governamentais educacionais como referências, além de outras considerações.
Educação CTS
Authors: Rossetto Gallego Campos Fernando , Zeferino Severo Francieli
Published: May 2023

Este artigo reflete sobre a percepção de docentes atuantes no Ensino Médio quanto aos pontos que tangem uma educação baseada em Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS) e como eles são aplicados em sala de aula. Inicialmente são realizadas considerações sobre o movimento de educação CTS e um breve levantamento do método educacional e formação docente no Brasil. Buscando colher as percepções, foi aplicado um questionário a 29 professores do Ensino Médio de escolas de Chapecó/SC e região. A análise das questões demonstrou que o modelo tradicional de ensino pode ser ineficaz para a formação integral do indivíduo. Os resultados também evidenciaram grande adesão dos professores na utilização de metodologias integrativas em sala de aula; em contrapartida demonstraram fragilidades na qualificação docente. O estudo destaca que a abordagem CTS pode contribuir na prática pedagógica, mas exige mudanças, especialmente sob o aspecto da formação docente e das condições de trabalho desses profissionais.
Objetos de aprendizagem no ensino de ciências
Authors: Silva Lemos Pedro Bruno , Jucá Sandro César Silveira , Silva Solonildo Almeida da
Published: May 2023

O presente trabalho objetivou analisar, mediante revisão integrativa da literatura, a utilização de objetos de aprendizagem no Ensino de Ciências. A revisão da literatura foi focada na identificação de teses e dissertações na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD) do Brasil. A partir da análise de vinte e três teses e dissertações, observou-se que a inserção de objetos de aprendizagem no Ensino de Ciências foi centrada tanto na elaboração desses recursos como no uso de recursos já existentes. Ademais, a revisão da literatura indicou que o uso dos citados recursos didáticos proporciona a contextualização dos conceitos e conteúdos abordados, assim como a melhoria do desempenho discente nas avaliações. Além disso, notou-se que a capacidade de utilização de objetos de aprendizagem em atividades lúdicas pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de uma compreensão crítica do conteúdo abordado pelos discentes.
Imagem da matemática
Authors: Oechsler Vanessa , Kuehn Adriana
Published: May 2023

Dados de avaliações nacionais e internacionais mostram a dificuldade que os alunos têm com a Matemática. Este artigo traz o resultado de uma pesquisa que investigou a visão dos alunos da Educação Básica sobre a Matemática e o que os influencia a ter esta visão. Um questionário para investigar esta visão foi elaborado e aplicado aos alunos. Como resultados, a maioria dos alunos afirmou ouvir que a Matemática é difícil e, por este motivo, ficam apreensivos antes das aulas de Matemática. A maioria indicou gostar da matéria, relatando que a metodologia do professor de Matemática, a aplicação do conteúdo e as notas na matéria influenciam nesta visão. Os que indicaram não gostar, explicam tal fato pela dificuldade da matéria, que é muito abstrata, além de não entenderem a explicação do professor. Observou-se também que a família, o professor e o interesse individual influenciam visão que os alunos têm da Matemática.
Os mitos da ciência e da tecnologia
Authors: Oliveira Marcio
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo utilizar o pensamento de Álvaro Vieira Pinto no âmbito da reflexão filosófica do campo da educação Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS). As ideias do autor foram utilizadas para analisar os pressupostos da educação CTS e os mitos da ciência e da tecnologia identificados por Auler (2002). São eles: superioridade do modelo de decisões tecnocráticas, a perspectiva salvacionista da ciência e da tecnologia e o determinismo tecnológico. A análise foi centrada nos livros Ciência e existência e O conceito de tecnologia (volume 1) publicados respectivamente em 1969 e 2005. Como resultado, averiguou-se que os mitos são concepções que foram sendo disseminadas e paulatinamente utilizadas para alicerçar estratégias de controle por meio dos centros hegemônicos. No caso do Brasil, o pensamento de Álvaro Vieira Pinto é capaz de contextualizar tais mitos numa perspectiva mais ampla de exploração da uma nação atrasada por meio de mecanismos transferência tecnológica que drenam as riquezas nacionais e impedem seu desenvolvimento.
“Um bando de homens perdidos que em seu delírio desconheceram Deus, a pátria, a família e a propriedade”: representações da Comuna de Paris nos debates parlamentares brasileiros de 1871
Authors: Pereira Moreira Raimundo Nonato
Published: May 2023

Este artigo discute algumas das representações da Comuna de Paris mobilizadas por parlamentares brasileiros durante os debates acerca do tema realizados ao longo do ano legislativo de 1871. A partir de uma investigação que tomou como corpus documental os Anais da Câmara dos Deputados e do Senado de 1871, o texto sugere que, para além dos interesses concretos, dos antagonismos partidários e da análise da correlação de forças no sistema internacional, outros elementos são relevantes para compreender as disputas em torno de uma matéria alheia à realidade brasileira. As referências à Comuna de Paris emergiram simultaneamente à tramitação do projeto que se tornou a Lei do Ventre Livre e trechos dos discursos parlamentares expressaram registros de preocupação anticomunista. Portanto, o trabalho busca problematizar as representações mobilizadas pelos legisladores para interpretar e dar sentido aos eventos da Comuna de Paris, inclusive no que dizia respeito a eventuais influxos na sociedade brasileira.
Inovação ambiental e iniciativas gerenciais de redução de carbono: o efeito moderador do poder do CEO
Authors: Vasconcelos Victor , Ribeiro Maisa de Souza
Published: May 2023

Baseado nas teorias da legitimidade e stakeholders, este artigo investiga como a inovação ambiental afeta as iniciativas gerenciais para a redução de carbono e se o poder do Chief Executive Officer (CEO) modera esta relação. Foram analisadas observações de 331 empresas latino-americanas e como variável dependente utilizou-se um índice de iniciativas gerenciais para redução de carbono. Os resultados da regressão Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) indicam que a inovação ambiental influencia positivamente as iniciativas gerenciais para a redução de carbono. Os resultados também mostram que o poder do CEO modera positivamente esta relação. Além disso, o comitê de responsabilidade social corporativa e o tamanho da empresa influenciam positivamente as iniciativas gerenciais para redução de carbono e a alavancagem tem uma relação negativa com estas iniciativas. A pesquisa reforça a importância da inovação ambiental no combate às mudanças climáticas e ao aquecimento global.
Do macroeconomic institutional factors matter for carbon disclosure? A study on the largest carbon emitters
Authors: Pinheiro Alan Bandeira , Galleli Bárbara , Santos Joyce Aparecida Ramos dos , Lopes Gabriele
Published: May 2023

The present study aims to respond to the following research question: What is the influence of the institutional context on the disclosure of carbon emission?  This study is supported by the Variety of Capitalism approach and the hypotheses were built considering the main characteristics of capitalism: the role of the state, the role of financial markets, the role of human capital, the role of social capital and the role of corporate governance. The sample in this research comprises the world largest carbon emitters, composed by 1579 companies headquartered in 19 countries. Our findings show that certain characteristics of capitalism influence carbon disclosure. The results provide contributions to the field of study, as it broadens the understanding of carbon disclosure from a macroeconomic perspective. Additionally, this study has managerial and governmental implications, promoting the debate of how the behavior of firms towards climate change is shaped by the state-society relationship.
Microinfluenciadores Digitais e Parcerias
Authors: Cembranel Priscila , Amorim Bianca Costa , Penz Daniel , Borba Claudinara , Nascimento Josiane
Published: May 2023

O objetivo do estudo é discutir os processos de contratação dos serviços de microinfluenciadores digitais e parcerias com empresas locais. A metodologia desenvolve-se por meio de abordagem qualitativa, procedimento de pesquisa de levantamento e técnica de questionário. Os resultados demonstram que a atuação como micro influenciador é uma atividade secundária no início da carreira. E que o preparo de portfólio, feedbacks frequentes, publicações de qualidade e acessos são essenciais para as contratações desses profissionais por empresas locais. Desse modo, estes precisam compreender e satisfazer o cliente, gerar visibilidade e engajamento, aumentar vendas e promover o relacionamento para desenvolver boas parcerias com empresas locais e regionais.
The Metropolitan Police and the British Film Industry, 1919–1956
Authors: Rock Alex Charles
Published: May 2023

This groundbreaking book investigates the murky relationship between the Metropolitan Police Press Bureau and the British film industry, shedding new light on police-media relations. Beginning with the culture of suppression during the interwar period, when retired police inspectors were threatened with loss of pension should they become involved with the film industry, the relationship shifted when a forgotten pioneer of public relations, Percy Fearnley, was appointed to the role of Metropolitan Police Public Information Officer in 1945. Fearnley was the first-ever journalist to take up this role and, through him, the Metropolitan Police embarked on a series of collaborations with the highest echelons of postwar British cinema, including J. Arthur Rank, Ealing Studios and Gainsborough Studios.

Using newly-declassified internal Metropolitan Police and Home Office correspondence, Alexander Charles Rock tells the story of the Metropolitan Police's project to manipulate the British film industry into producing propaganda under the guise of mainstream entertainment cinema. In doing so he offers a radical re-reading of the context of production of a number of canonical British films such as The Blue Lamp (1950), I Believe In You (1952) and Street Corner (1953).
The Birth of Breaking
Authors: Aprahamian Serouj “Midus”
Published: May 2023

The untold story of how breaking – one of the most widely practiced dance forms in the world today – began as a distinctly African American expression in the Bronx, New York, during the 1970s.

Breaking is the first and most widely practiced hip-hop dance in the world, with around one million participants in this dynamic, multifaceted artform – and, as of 2024, Olympic sport. Yet, despite its global reach and nearly 50-year history, stories of breaking’s origins have largely neglected the African Americans who founded it. Dancer and scholar Serouj "Midus" Aprahamian offers, for the first time, a detailed look into the African American beginnings of breaking in the Bronx, New York.

The Birth of Breaking challenges numerous myths and misconceptions that have permeated studies of hip-hop’s evolution, considering the influence breaking has had on hip-hop culture. Including previously unseen archival material, interviews, and detailed depictions of the dance at its outset, this book brings to life this buried history, with a particular focus on the early development of the dance, the institutional settings where hip-hop was conceived, and the movement’s impact on sociocultural conditions in New York City throughout the 1970s.

By featuring the overlooked first-hand accounts of over 50 founding b-boys and b-girls alongside movement analysis informed by his embodied knowledge of the dance, Aprahamian reveals how indebted breaking is to African American culture, as well as the disturbing factors behind its historical erasure.
Dealing with Disasters from Early Modern to Modern Times
Authors: Asperen Hanneke , Jensen Lotte
Published: May 2023

Disasters are as much cultural as natural phenomena. For centuries, news about catastrophic events has been disseminated through media such as chronicles, pamphlets, newspapers, poems, drawings, and prints. Nowadays, we are overwhelmed with news about the cataclysmic effects of recent forest fires, floods, and storms. Due to the ongoing climate crisis, extreme weather events will likely have ever greater impacts on our lives.

This volume addresses cultural representations of catastrophes such as floods, epidemics, and earthquakes over the centuries. In the past as now, artists and authors try to make sense of disasters, grasp their impact, and communicate moral, religious, or political messages. These creations reflect and shape how people learn and think about disasters that occur nearby or far away, both in time and space. The parallels between past and present underline how this book contributes to modern debates about cultural and creative strategies in response to disasters.
Disaster Memory and ‘Banished
Memory’
Authors: Rohr Christian
Published: May 2023

In 1981 medievalist and cultural historian Arno Borst presented the
thesis that today’s European societies have largely eliminated dealing
with natural disasters from everyday life and that they have become a
‘society of banished memory’. This contrasts with premodern societies,
which integrated the risk of natural disasters far more into everyday
life. By ‘taming’ natural hazards through river straightening and various
protective structures, especially since the nineteenth century, small and
medium-sized events have generally been avoided, but serious events
became even more devastating when hitting the unprepared population.
A prolonged absence of extreme events, a ‘disaster gap’ (Christian Pfister),
could thus significantly increase the catastrophic nature of a new event.
This chapter analyses selected flood, avalanche, storm, and earthquake
events from Europe and North America (late 19th c.–present) to show
which factors might have contributed to reshaping memory cultures after
catastrophic events and which encouraged banishing memory against
better judgement.
IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM PAKAR DIAGNOSA AWAL PENYAKIT TUBERCULOSIS PARU MENGGUNAKAN FUZZY TSUKAMOTO
Authors: Abdullah Dahlan , Rahmi Meutia , Yunizar Zara
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan sebuah sistem pakar (fuzzy tsukamoto) yang menghimpun gejala-gejala dari pakar penyakit tuberkulosis paru, sehingga user dapat melakukan diagnosa secara mandiri menggunakan sistem pakar ini tanpa harus ke puskesmas atau pelayanan kesehatan terlebih dahulu. Data yang diperlukan dalam penelitian ini berupa gejala-gejala yang sering dialami pasien tuberkulosis paru. Pembangunan sistem pakar ini menggunakan metode fuzzy tsukamoto. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan penelitian disimpulkan bahwa: 1) dari 7 gejala yang didapatkan yang sering dialami pasien penyakit tuberkulosis, diperoleh sebanyak 128 rule dalam perhitungan menggunakan metode fuzzy tsukamoto; 2) dari hasil penelitian diperoleh hasil untuk salah satu user dengan ketentuan batuk parah selama 20 hari, demam tinggi selama 25 hari, sesak nafas selama 20 hari, nafsu makan berkurang selama 6 hari, berat badan turun 4 kg, keringat dingin selama 15 hari dan nyeri dada dengan tingkatan 6 adalah pasien tidak terindikasi penyakit tuberculosis paru; dan 3) dari data yang dimasukkan ke dalam sistem yaitu berupa gejala yang dialami oleh user, output atau dari sistem ini berupa hasil diagnosis yaitu terdeteksi penyakit tuberkulosis paru atau tidak.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL TWO STAY TWO STRAY (TSTS) PADA TEMA 6 ORGAN TUBUH MANUSIA DAN HEWAN DI KELAS V SD NEGERI 18 PEUSANGAN
Authors: M. Nur Faizah , Jumiati
Published: May 2023

Permasalahan yang terjadi pada guru dan siswa kelas V SD N 18 Peusangan adalah masih rendahnya aktivitas yang dilakukan guru dan siswa selama pelaksanaan kegiatan pembelajaran, rendahnya respon siswa saat pembelajaran berlangsung serta rendanya hasil belajar yang diperoleh siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi dan memperbaiki permasalahan yang terjadi tersebut pada materi Organ Tubuh Manusia dan Hewan. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Adapun subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SD N 18 Peusangan yang berjumlah 21 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa tes dalam bentuk pilihan ganda, observasi, dan angket. Sedangkan analisis data penelitian melalui analisis statistik sederhana. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan disimpulkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I sebesar 60% dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 88%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh data pada siklus I aktivitas guru sebesar 86%, sedangkan aktivitas guru pada siklus II sebesar 93% dan aktivitas siswa sebesar 91%. Hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I sebesar 81% dan pada siklus II sebesar 90%. Respon siswa terhadap pembelajaran sudah cukup baik, dimana yang menyatakan senang sebesar 90% dan yang menyatakan tidak senang sebesar 10%. Oleh karena itu, disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Two Stay Two Stray Stray dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi Organ Tubuh Manusia dan Hewan, aktivitas guru dan siswa sudah berlangsung dengan baik serta mendapatkan respon yang baik dari siswa.
A Fatal Case of Metformin and Gliclazide Poisoning and its Management
Authors: Jian Low Qin
Published: May 2023

Both metformin and gliclazide have been used extensively in the management of type II diabetes mellitus.Â Metformin and gliclazide overdoseÂ can lead to severe hypoglycaemia refractory to intravenous (IV) dextrose rescue therapy. A 21-year-old man complained of vomiting and felt dizzy after four hours of taking 70 tablets of Metformin 500 mg and 40 tablets of Gliclazide 80 mg. He had major depressive disorder and wanted to commit suicide. He was given IV Dextrose 50% 50 cc immediately. Octreotide had been used successfully to reverse the refractory hypoglycaemia caused by gliclazide overdose. Unfortunately, he developed severe lactic acidosis with acute kidney injury. Dialysis had been done by continuous venovenous haemodiafiltrationa and intravenous sodium bicarbonate 8.4% infusion was given. However, the patient succumbed due to the severe lactic acidosis and kidney failure despite of urgent dialysis. Octreotide infusion helps in preventing refractory hypoglycaemiaÂ secondary to sulfonylureaÂ overdose by inhibit calcium-mediated insulin release. Metformin overdose causes severe lactic acidosis due to conversion of glucose to lactate. Sodium bicarbonate therapy in metformin induced lacticÂ acidosis is also controversial.Â Though sulfonylurea and metformin are the most commonly-prescribed anti-hypoglycaemic agents, thus during prescribing everyone has to be careful about the overdoses and side effects of these drugs.Keywords: metformin, gliclazide, poisoning, octreotide
Submucosal Lipomatosis of Caecum with Concomitant Acute Appendicitis: A Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Azizan Nornazirah , Hayati Firdaus , Yap Pauline , Ali Aishath Azna , Abd Rani Nor Haizura , Mohammed Fazarina
Published: May 2023

Colonic lipomatosis is relatively a rare tumour ofÂ mesenchymal origin, composed of welldifferentiated adipocytes interlaced by fibrous tissues. A 59-year-old lady presented with right iliac fossa pain with positive rebound tenderness, Rovsingâ€™s and obturator signs. Investigation revealed marked leucocytosis suggestive of an acute appendicitis.Â Diagnostic laparoscopyÂ revealed an inflamed appendix with concomitant caecalÂ mass suspecting of a malignancy.Â Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy was proceeded following oncologic resection. However, final histopathologic examination was consistent with caecal colonic lipomatosis with concomitant acute appendicitis. Hereby, dual pathologies can be elicited in an acute abdomen.Keywords: acute abdomen, acute appendicitis, colonic lipomatosis.
Bei der Rückgabe müssen noch Hürden abgebaut werden
Authors: Waßmann Bernd
Published: May 2023

Mit einer Rücknahmequote von 65 Prozent – im Gewicht – erreicht die Leuchtmittelindustrie die Ziele. Mehr wäre aber machbar. Vor allem der Handel könnte noch zulegen, meint Christian Brehm, Direktor für nachhaltiges Marketing und Vertrieb bei Lightcycle, dem deutschen Rücknahmesystem der Lichtbranche.
Kritik an der Branche nimmt zu
Authors: Bender Hanno
Published: May 2023

Die Zahl der kritischen Berichterstattungen zur Ernährungswirtschaft hat sich im Jahr 2022 verdoppelt. Neben der Tierhaltung sorgt das Lieferkettengesetz für Negativschlagzeilen.
„Tokens arbeiten prinzipiell auf emotionaler Ebene“
Authors: Hübner Marco
Published: May 2023

NFTs werden mittelfristig eine hohe Relevanz für die Markenkommunikation und Treueprogramme haben. Großes Potenzial dürfte im Konsumgüterbereich bestehen.
Bioprodukte weniger gefragt
Authors: Hofnagel Dagmar
Published: May 2023

München. Die verhaltene Nachfrage nach Bioprodukten war Thema auf der Munich Organic in dieser Woche. Eine schnelle Kehrtwende wird nicht erwartet. Generell räumen Experten der Branche aber Wachstum ein.
Berufliche Schulen im Umbruch
Authors: Brust Martin
Published: May 2023

Auch in den Berufsschulen findet gerade eine große Umwälzung statt. Wie die gesamte Gesellschaft stehen sie – und mit ihnen die landwirtschaftliche Berufsausbildung – vor großen Herausforderungen.
Anschluss an neue Ernte könnte knapp werden
Authors: Scheffer Mareike
Published: May 2023

Kassel. Auf den Kartoffelfeldern in Nordrhein-Westfalen sind die Pflanzarbeiten noch nicht abgeschlossen. Das Wetter macht den Bauern immer wieder einen Strich durch die Rechnung und stellt ihre Geduld auf die Probe.
Die beliebtesten Lebensmittel-Discounter
Authors: Schultz Olaf
Published: May 2023

Frankfurt a.M. Bei vielen Verbrauchern genießen die Ketten einen guten Ruf. Wie sie aus Käufersicht abschneiden, zeigt eine Untersuchung.
Պ. Բ. ՇԵԼԼԻԻ «ՉԵՆՉԻ» ՈՂԲԵՐԳՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՄԻՋՏԵՔՍՏԱՅԻՆ ԱՌՆՉՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԸ Վ. ՇԵՔՍՊԻՐԻ «ՄԱԿԲԵԹ» ԵՎ «ԼԻՐ ԱՐՔԱ» ՍՏԵՂԾԱԳՈՐԾՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐՈՒՄ ԵՎ ԴՐԱՆՑ ՀԱՅԵՐԵՆ ԹԱՐԳՄԱՆՎԱԾՔՆԵՐՈՒՄ / THE INTERTEXTUAL REFERENCES IN “THE CENCI” TRAGEDY BY P. B. SHELLY AND IN PLAYS “MACBETH” AND “KING LEAR” BY W. SHAKESPEARE AND THEIR ARMENIAN TRANSLATIONS
Authors: Hovhannisyan Siranush
Published: May 2023

The article touches upon intertextuality, focusing on the literary references of P. B. Shelley's tragedy “The Cenci”. The author has singled out the close intertextual connection of the tragedy with W. Shakespeare's “Macbeth” and “King Lear”, highlighting a number of similarities: ideology, content, plot, characters and language, as well as the prerequisites for the emergence of those similarities. The expression of intertextuality is also observed and analyzed in their Armenian translations.
МЕЖКУЛЬТУРНАЯ КОММУНИКАЦИЯ В МАРКЕТИНГЕ И РЕКЛАМЕ / INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION IN MARKETING AND ADVERTISING
Authors: GRISHAEVA SVETLANA , BEREGOVSKAYA TATIANA , SMBATYAN SARGIS
Published: May 2023

To effectively adjust a message to a foreign cultural environment, it is necessary to take into account a number of nuances, such as the need to modify the brand name; the nuances of using foreign words in marketing and advertising campaigns; the specifics of the use of humor; use of gender neutral terminology and feminitives; the specifics of the use of "female" and "male" vocabulary in advertising slogans.
ԲԱՅԵՐԻ ԲԱՌԱՅՆԱՑՄԱՆ ԿԱՂԱՊԱՐՆԵՐԻ ԱՌԱՆՁՆԱՀԱՏԿՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐՆ ԱՆԳԼԵՐԵՆՈՒՄ ԵՎ ՀԱՅԵՐԵՆՈՒՄ / ON LEXICALIZATION PATTERNS OF ENGLISH AND ARMENAN VERBS
Authors: BADALYAN LILIT , DAVTYAN ELINA
Published: May 2023

The paper aims at studying lexicalization patterns of English and Armenian verbs and the translation problems that their difference may pose. The analysis is based on the material of 60 sentences selected from R. Bradbury's "Fahrenheit 451" and its Armenian translation. The predicates of extracted sentences are expressed by "motion", "speech activity" and "visual" verbs having the semantic component of the “manner of the action” encoded in
their meanings.
The analysis shows that English is a typical satellite-framed language, as proved by L.Talmy and many other scholars, whereas Armenian is a verb framed language as it tends to have a verb that incorporates “path” in its meaning as the predicate of the sentence while “the manner of the action” is either omitted or expressed by an adverb, noun-phrase or participle I form of a verb that denotes manner of moving, saying or looking.
Performance And Emission Test on A Single Cylinder Compression Ignition Engine Using Neem Oil Blends by Sonication
Authors: Kumar Dr. V. , Chakraborty Dr. Partha Sarathi , Mandal Dr. Dulal Krishna , Nallusamy Dr. Nallusamy
Published: May 2023

The transportation segment is the single biggest customer of oil determined vitality. Generally, fluid hydrocarbons have developed as the essential transportation fuel in light of their high vitality content per unit volume and as a result of the effortlessness of fluid fuel dealing with and conveyance frameworks rather than those required for strong or vaporous energizes. Thus, our present day transportation control plants have been intended to utilize fluid powers and oil refiners have, through a transformative procedure, been fitting to meet the prerequisites of cylinder motors. This fitting of the fuel to meet motor necessities must be reevaluated. As a transitional procedure, other vitality sources must be looked for which can be utilized as a part of altered cylinder motors. This transitional procedure could most recent a very long while as new but unclear, transportation frameworks are produced.
HISTOLOGICAL EFFECT OF SODIUM FLUORIDE AND STANNOUS FLUORIDE GELS ON BUCCAL MUCOSA OF ALBINO RAT
Authors: Shakeel Sadia , Hina Majid  , Mariam Ashraf  , Muhammad Sharjeel Ilyas
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT: Different concentrations of fluoride preparations are being used enormously in dental clinics to prevent dental caries and treat tooth sensitivity. In this study the histological effect of sodium fluoride gel and stannous fluoride gel has been compared on buccal mucosa of albino rats.

Material and Methods: This experimental study comprised of 30 Albino rats of average weight 200-250gms which were randomly divided into 3 groups. Out of total 30 rats Control group A was assigned 10 albino rats and rest of the 20 rats were included in experimental groups B and C containing 10 rats each. Animals of group B were topically treated with 0.2% sodium fluoride gel at a dose of 0.5mg/Kg as per body weight on buccal mucosa. The rest of the 10 animals of group C were given 0.4% stannous fluoride gel topically at a dose of 1mg/kg as per bodyweight. Both fluoride gels were applied once daily for 4 minutes with the help of cotton pellet on buccal mucosa for 14 days and were sacrificed on last day under deep anesthesia. Buccal mucosa of each group was taken out for biopsy. The specimens were treated with haematoxylin and eosin stain.

Conclusion: Histological analysis showed that sodium fluoride gel has significant toxicity as compared to stannous fluoride gel.
Tarp mokslo populiarinimo ir orientacijos į visuomenę: archeologinio paveldo eksponavimo tendencijos Lietuvoje
Authors: Šildiajevaitė Inga
Published: May 2023

Muziejai, eksponuojantys archeologinį paveldą, vis labiau atsisako XIX–XX a. pirmojoje pusėje įsišaknijusios eksponavimo praktikos, siejamos su pozityvizmo idėjomis. Nors dauguma Lietuvos muziejų nuolatines archeologijos ekspozicijas yra atnaujinę, naujųjų ekspozicijų kokybė ir jų poveikis visuomenei iki šiol nevertintas. Straipsnio tikslas – taikant šiuolaikiškoms archeologinėms ekspozicijoms būdingus kriterijus ir principus, atlikti nūnai Lietuvoje veikiančių archeologijos ekspozicijų analizę ir tuo pagrindu išryškinti pagrindines archeologinio paveldo eksponavimo tendencijas. Tyrimas parodė, kad Lietuvos archeologijos ekspozicijose dominuoja pozityvistinė eksponavimo prieiga, pasireiškianti chronologiniu-tipologiniu pranešimo konstravimo būdu, faktografinio pobūdžio informacija ir tariamai neutraliu santykiu su praeitimi. Trečdalį ekspozicijų sudaro mišri eksponavimo prieiga, kurioje esama šiuolaikiškų archeologinių artefaktų eksponavimo principų, tačiau skirtingais lygiais pasireiškia ir pozityvizmas. Tarp analizuotų ekspozicijų tik vienas atvejis atitinka naujosios koncepcijos archeologijos ekspozicijos principus. Atskleistos archeologinio paveldo eksponavimo tendencijos lemia, jog praeities artefaktai Lietuvos muziejuose dažnu atveju lieka neprakalbinti, o praeities istorijos, tikėtina, neišgirstos.
????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? (????? ??????)
Authors: يوسف صالح البغدادي
Published: May 2023

???? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????.  ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???????. ???? ?????????? ???????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? 1953? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? 1951. ??? ??? 1968 ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????.
??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ??? ???????
Authors: محمد عبد الرحمن الحنين و فتحي علي ملوق
Published: May 2023

?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????????. ???? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????. ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ????????.  ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????????. ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????????? ?????????.
تنوع الخطاب ودلالته في الشعر الليبي علي الفزاني ومحمد الشلطامي أنموذجا
Authors: عبد السلام أبوبكر سالم شفشوف
Published: May 2023

تبحث هذا الدراسة في أسباب تنوع الخطاب لذا الشاعر بعامة والشاعر الليبي على وجه مخصوص، رغبة معرفة خصوصية كل نوع من أنواع الخطاب عند كل شاعر، لأن دراسة تنوعات الخطاب بين الشعراء يؤسس لمعرفة اختلاف الرؤى التي يحتفظ بها كل شاعر لصالح النص وآفاقه ووظائفه  من ناحية، وفهم طبيعة وخصوصية نتاج شعر شعراء المنطقة التي ينتمي إليها ومزاياه الدلالية والتأويلية التي يتميز بها كل خطاب من ناحية أخرى؛ لأن الشعر رؤيا مجازية للعالم، مصوغة بلغة الاستعارة والمجاز والرمز والإيحاء، بحيث تكون قادرة علىٰ إنتاج أثر جمالي كنائي شامل عند المتلقي، الذي بات اليوم مشاركا حقيقيا في إنتاج النص؛ لأن المتلقي اليوم لم يعد داك الذي كان يركن إلى ما قيل، بل أصبح له دور فاعل ومهم فيما يقال، لذا صار داخلا في حسبة الناص أكثر من دي قبل، وبقدر ثقافته ووعيه تكون إسهاماته في إنتاج النص الجديد، ودراسة تنوع الخطاب في الشعر الليبي يمنحه توسعا في خصائصه الجمالية ويضعه في قدر المساواة مع شعر المنطقة، ويجعله قادرا علىٰ مسايرة الحركة الشعرية التي يشهدها الأدب عربيا وعالميا، ويزيد من تعميق فهم الآخر لمستوى التفكير عنده، وأبعاد رؤاه الحالمة التي يتطلع لها كغيره من الشعراء علىٰ كل المستويات.
التناص في شعر أحمد شوقي قصيدة أبي الهول أنموذجا
Authors: محمد علي سليمان دهيكيل
Published: May 2023

يُعد مصطلح التناص من المصطلحات النقدية الحديثة، التي تنتمي إلى ما بعد البنيوية، وهو يدرس علاقات التداخل النصي بين نص معين ونصوص أخرى، وتشمل علاقات التداخل النصي الاقتباس، والتضمين، الإشارة. وتنشأ هذه العلاقات التناصية عن طريق آليتي الاستدعاء والتحويل. فالتناص صيغة معرفية لها أساليبها وآلياتها، ويراد به تفكيك النصوص، ودراسة مرجعيتها وتداخلها مع نصوص أخرى، وهو بالتالي مصطلح يدرس التفاعل النصي، والحوار بين النصوص. وتناولت في هذا البحث ـ بحول الله وقوته ـ التناص في شعر أحمد شوقي من خلال قصيدة أبي الهول، حيث لوحظ أن هذه القصيدة تزدحم بالاتكاء على النصوص السابقة وتمتلئ باستدعاء التاريخ والشخصيات، حتى بدا أنّ النصوص تتنادى، وأنّ الاستدعاء ينادي استدعاءً؛ فكانت  هذه الدراسة التناصيّة.
الطبيعة القانونية للمسؤولية الجنائية عن النتيجة المحتملة في القانون الليبي ـ دراسة مقارنة
Authors: يوسف صالح عبد السلام البغدادي
Published: May 2023

يتناول هذا البحث موضوع المسؤولية عن الجريمة المحتملة، حيث يحدث في الجرائم المشتركة ألا يرتكب الفاعل الجريمة المتفق عليها مع الشريك، أو يرتكبها وجريمة أخرى مغايرة يحتمل ارتكابها وفقا للمجرى العادي للأمور، وذلك من خلال المشاركة في النقاش الذي دار حول مسؤولية الشريك عن الجرم الذي يرتكبه شريكه خلاف الجريمة التي أراد المساهمة فيها، فقد قرّر المشرع مساءلة ذلك الشريك عن الجريمة الثانية؛ لأن العدالة تقتضي ألا يفلت من العقاب بحجة أنه لم يقصد النتيجة المحتملة لفعله. ولكن الوجه الآخر للعدالة يقول: إن الجاني لا يُسأل إلا عما ارتكبه أو قصد الاشتراك في ارتكابه، مما اقتضى البحث في أوجه الخلاف المتباينة في هذه المسؤولية، حيث عمدنا إلى مناقشة تفسير القضاء الليبي والمصري، ومقترحات الفقه الجنائي لتحديد أساس هذه المسؤولية المحتملة، للوصول إلى إرادة المشرع الحقيقية، في تحديد نطاق المسؤولية عن النتيجة المحتملة وتعيين أساسها القانوني الذي يتفق مع حقيقة نص المادة (103.ق.ع.ل).
الحصادي وإشكالية المرجع (طبيعة الممارسة الفلسفية)
Authors: مادي عبدالباسط عثمان علي
Published: May 2023

يروم هذا البحث إلى مقاربة الممارسة الفلسفية عند أحد أهم المتفكرين في الثقافة الليبية المعاصرة، والمقصود هنا د/ نجيب الحصادي، الذي تميز بغزارة نتاجه التفكري، وتعدد المسارات التي ينشط فيها، كما أنه أسهم في تشكيل وعي شريحة واسعة من المنخرطين في مجال الدراسات الفلسفية في ليبيا، لهذا كان لا بد من الوقوف عند نتاجه التفكري لمحاولة تشخيص المنطلقات النظرية التي يقوم عليها، وهو ما سنحاول القيام به عبر تشخيص الإشكالية التي تجمع عناصر المسارات المتعددة التي ينشط فيها تفكره، كما أن التشخيص الإشكالي للخطاب التفكري للحصادي سيمنح الأخير حيوية بنقله من حالة الاستقرار والسكون إلى حالة الاضطراب والقلق، وهي السمة التي يتميز بها في العادة الخطاب التفكري المتسم بخاصية الجدة والأصالة.
أثر التشريعات على مؤسسات التعليم العالي دراسة بحثية في نصوص لائحة التعليم العالي رقم 501 لسنة 2010.م
Authors: منير احمد سعد الشيباني و بثينة عمر الغناي
Published: May 2023

تتناول هذه الدراسة موضوع أثر التشريعات على مخرجات التعليم العالي، ذلك أن العلاقة بين الصياغة الجيدة لنصوص التشريعية ومؤسسات التعليم العالي علاقة جلية تتمثل في أن التشريعات القانونية تشكل المكنة الأساسية التي يمكن من خلالها تحويل السياسات والاهداف العامة للدول في مجال التعليم الى قواعد قانونية متناسقة ومنسجمة مع بعضها البعض يسهل تطبيقها ويمكن الافراد من الاحتجاج بها في مواجهة الدولة من جهة وفي مواجهة بعضهم البعض من جهة أخرى.
تحديات التعليم الإلكتروني الافتراضي في كليات جامعة سبها
Authors: أبوبكر نافع
Published: May 2023

بفضل التطور التقني أصبح الإنسان قادراً على مواجهة متغيرات الحياة والأزمات خصوصا تلك التي قد تعرقل مسيرة التعليم كأزمة انتشار جائحة كورونا الحالية التي فرضت علي العالم الابتعاد عن أساليب التدريس التقليدي، والتوجه نحو التعليم الإلكتروني ،وقد سلطت هذه الدراسة الضوء على تحديات التعليم الإلكتروني الافتراضي والمتزامن في كليات جامعة سبها ، وذلك من خلال جمع البيانات والمعلومات وباستخدام المنهج الوصفي والتحليلي والمقارن و المقابلات ،حيث أُخذت عينات استطلاعية من عدة فئات شملت وكلاء الشؤون العلمية، ومسؤولي الجودة ومسؤولي مكاتب الميكنة ، أعضاء هيأة التدريس ، الطلبة , وقد أظهرت النتائج تفاوتاً جزئياً أو كلياً بين كليات جامعة سبها من حيث استخدام التعليم الإلكتروني ، قُدرت نسبة الاستخدام بمتوسط قدره 22.22% والتي تقع ضمن متوسط نسبة استخدام التعليم الإلكتروني الافتراضي المتزامن في جامعات ليبيا الذي تراوح من 16-50% ،وحسب نتائج هذه الدراسة فإن أهم التحديات التي تواجه تطبيق التعليم الإلكتروني الافتراضي هو ضعف شبكة الإنترنت ،وانقطاع التيار الكهربائي، وكذلك عدم الإلمام بكيفية استخدام تقنيات التعليم الإلكترونية لدى الطلبة وبعض أعضاء هيأة التدريس ،إضافة لمعوقات أخرى متعلقة بمحدودية الدخل للطلبة وأولياء الأمور، والتي حالت دون الحصول على متطلبات التعليم الإلكتروني ، و رغم هذه التحديات فقد أكدت النتائج على أن هناك رغبة للاتجاه نحو التعليم الإلكتروني الافتراضي بنسبة قبول 90% لوكلاء الشؤون العلمية، والجودة بالكليات و100% من قبل موظفي الميكنة، وبنسبة 91.2% من قبل أعضاء هيأة التدريس وبنسبة 46.6% من قبل الطلبة.
إعادة بناء اليابان (1952- 1972م) دراسة تاريخية
Authors: الدوماني علي أحمد علي
Published: May 2023

بدأت المرحلة المعاصرة عقب استرداد اليابان لسيادتها الوطنية بعد ربيع 1952م، حيث وجد اليابانيون أنفسهم أمام عملية إعادة البناء، وفي تموز من العام 1949م، أعلنت القيادة الأمريكية العليا عزمها لتنفيذ مخطط جديد يهدف إلى استنهاض المجتمع الياباني حتى يستعيد دوره مجدداً من أجل بناء دولة رأسمالية احتكارية على قاعدة صلبة على النمط الغربي، ويعود الفضل في نهضة اليابان لرئيس الوزراء (سيجيرو يوشيدا) الذي نجح بحنكته السياسية بإقناع الجانب الأمريكي بالتخلي عن تشددهم السابق تجاه اليابان، وواكب روح الصحوة في عهده تصميم على اللحاق بالغرب؛ لتطوير القطاع الصناعي بأحدث التكنولوجيا العالمية، وبرزت تجربة التحديث اليابانية المعاصرة (المعجزة الاقتصادية) وانتقلت إبانها اليابان من بلد يحتاج للمساعدة طيلة عقد الخمسينيات إلى عملاق اقتصادي على المستوى العالمي وهكذا تبوأت اليابان مركزها العالمي في وسط العالم الأول والديمقراطيات الصناعية، واحتلت المركز الثاني بعد الولايات المتحدة.  والملاحظ أن المعجزة الاقتصادية اليابانية كانت نتاج عمل اليابانيين ومثابرتهم، وقدرة الدولة على الإدارة والتنظيم.