bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimentación aplicada a la cerámica prehistórica hecha a mano: creación de una colección experimental de referencia para el análisis del tratamiento de superficie
Authors: Díaz Bonilla Sara
Published: December 2019

En el presente artículo se realiza un repaso conceptual sobre qué se entiende por experimentación, su trayectoria y qué implicaciones ha tenido para la arqueología y el estudio de artefactos prehistóricos. La cerámica ha sido un ámbito donde la experimentación ha irrumpido con fuerza, dado su potencial a la hora de formular hipótesis y contrastarlas mediante la construcción de referentes actuales. Este potente desarrollo ha sido posible, en parte, por el largo camino recorrido por los estudios experimentales en otras materias duras, como el material lítico y el hueso, para elaborar instrumentos de trabajo.En un segundo bloque, se presenta una propuesta de programa experimental, destinado a la creación de un referente de trazas de fabricación y estado general del tratamiento de superficie resultante del trabajo humano, empleando herramientas de fabricación cerámica. Dicha propuesta, cuyos resultados serán objeto de publicaciones futuras, se encuentra en etapa de desarrollo.
Preliminary Concept of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Patrolling of Water Basins
Authors: ŁADYŻYŃSKA-KOZDRAŚ Edyta , TUDRUJ Sylwester , KOZŁOWSKA Barbara , KAMIENIECKI Konrad
Published: December 2019

The paper presents a preliminary concept of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) designed with a form of the Kasper wing (known in Polish as the ‘Kasprzyk wing’) and intended for aerial patrolling and monitoring of large water basins, mass gatherings, ground traffic, state borders, and other applications. Considering the potential uses resulting from the applications, the UAV defined in this preliminary concept would have to operate with high-value onboard data acquisition equipment. This is why this paper focus specifically on the problems of security and protection of the onboard data acquisition equipment the purchase costs of which can be several times higher than the costs of building the UAV airframe. This problem brought the authors to the main assumption of the work presented herein: to develop an UAV design which would provide maximum security and protection of the onboard mission loadout even in conditions of complete loss of propulsion and guidance control. The capability of safe emergency unpowered landing of the UAV enabled the application of an reflex airfoil based on the Kasper wing design.
In the event of a propulsion power loss, the UAV could automatically begin a low advance velocity flight to reduce the risk of UAV failure upon touchdown. This was how
the objective of this work was identified: to study the design criteria and select
the materials for the fabrication of the UAV. The fabrication materials were selected
to minimise the risk of failure or sinking of the UAV and its high-value onboard loadout in the event of emergency alighting on water. The behaviour of an UAV model at various loads which simulate real-life flight conditions required a multi-faceted analysis; the second part of the work discusses a selection of experimental methods (including an optically active layer method and a digital image correlation method) which will enable testing the strength properties of the fabricated structural elements of the UAV.
The Role of Commercial Banks in Financing Debt of Local Government Units
Authors: Żabka Adam , Hoza Beata
Published: December 2019

The authors of the paper present the results of their research in the structure of resources used to cover financial deficit of institutions of public finance sector on central and local level. The authors also evaluate the consequences triggered by application of different methods of financing. The aim of the paper is to analyse the reasons of low activity of local government units in obtaining financial resources directly from the capital market as compared to the State Treasury and commercial enterprises. By means of tools used in comparative analysis the authors juxtapose the most important parameters of primary and secondary markets of long-term debt securities issued by local government units, the State Treasury and commercial enterprises.
Zakaz działalności konkurencyjnej członków rady i zarządu spółdzielni oraz konsekwencje jego naruszenia
Authors: Wilk Anna
Published: December 2019

The article refers to the problem of prohibition of competition imposed on the members of the board of directors and the supervisory board of the cooperative. The Author analyzes the concepts of "competitive business" and "competitive activity" and their mutual relationship, as well as the consequences of violation of the prohibition. On the basis of interpretation of the existing legal provisions and judicature's views, the Author enunciates de lege ferenda conclusions in terms of their clarification and elimination of doubts.
Juleavslutninger i skolen
Authors: Øverlien Mina , Kjørven Ole Kolbjørn
Published: December 2019

I denne artikkelen rapporteres det fra en kvalitativ studie om juleavslutninger ved en norsk barneskole. Basert på observasjoner og lærerintervjuer undersøker den hvordan juleavslutninger foregår og hvilke refleksjoner de ansvarlige lærerne har om deres betydning og rolle som fellesarrangement. Observasjonene viser at arrangementet involverer alle elevene, og lærerintervjuene gjenspeiler en utelukkende positiv lærergruppe. Men til tross for full elevdeltakelse og lærernes opplevelse av juleavslutningen som viktig felleskapsarena, viser dataene at det er verdt å rette også et kritisk blikk på arrangementet. I et inkluderingsperspektiv vil vi fremheve to funn: 1. Assimilerende praksis. 2. Humorpreget formidling av religiøst innhold. Artikkelen diskuterer til slutt hvilken betydning disse funnene har for oppfatningen av skolens juleavslutning som inkluderende fellesarrangement.

Temaord: Juleavslutning, fellesarrangement, inkludering, religion i skolen.
Avaliação da Usabilidade do Scratch utilizando o Método System Usability Scale (SUS)
Authors: Geraldes Wendell Bento , Martins Ernane Rosa , Afonseca Ulisses Rodrigues
Published: December 2019

A linguagem visual de programação Scratch foi criada em 2007 no MIT, tornando-se largamente utilizada no mundo inteiro. Este artigo tem como objetivo avaliar a usabilidade da linguagem em sua versão on-line disponível na internet. Para esta finalidade foi utilizado o método System Usability Scale (SUS), criado por John Brooke em 1986, que é considerado um dos questionários mais confiáveis e válidos para medir a usabilidade rercebida pelos usuários. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de um questionário on-line contendo 10 perguntas, com uma escala de 1 a 5, onde 1 significa Discordo totalmente e 5 Concordo totalmente. Os resultados obtidos demostraram uma avaliação positiva dos usuários em relação a linguagem Scratch.
Estudo comparativo de algoritmos de agrupamento para a definição de Zonas de Manejo
Authors: Nogueira Murilo , dos Santos Raul
Published: December 2019

Nos últimos anos a demanda de alimentos aumentou devido ao crescimento rápido da população. Este cenário cria a necessidade de uma forma de cultivo associado a tecnologia como forma de minimizar esta situação. Nesse sentido, técnicas de agricultura de precisão podem ser empregadas para a definição de mapas zonas de manejo com o objetivo de auxiliar na produção de alimentos aplicando quantidades de insumos de maneira correta. Para a geração de tais mapas se faz uso de técnicas de agrupamento de dados recolhidos do talhão. As técnicas de agrupamento de dados K-means, BIRCH e CURE foram aplicados em dados agrícolas com o intuito de gerar mapas de manejo e comparar tais algoritmos através dos resultados obtidos de métodos avaliativos de tais mapas.
Investigando o Comportamento na Web de um Grupo de Bacharelandos da Área de Tecnologia da Informação
Authors: Vittorazzi Davi , Araújo Nelcileno , de Souza Patricia
Published: December 2019

Com o aumento nos últimos anos da quantidade de crimes digitais no Brasil torna-se essencial a mudança de postura por parte do usuário. A partir disso, investigou-se neste trabalho o comportamento de um grupo de bacharelandos na área de tecnologia da informação, com relação a segurança e privacidade digital. Os dados apresentados refutam a afirmação que o conhecimento formal em tecnologia da informação auxilia no comportamento seguro na Internet, uma vez que a maioria dos pesquisados comportava-se de maneira insegura. O trabalho acena que uma comunicação mais direta aos alunos por meio de ações extensionistas e atividades complementares nos cursos podem ajudar na sensibilização sobre o tema.
A Importância do Uso dos Smartphones no Processo Ensino Aprendizagem: Discussão com Alunos do 5° Ano e Direção de Uma Escola da Rede Pública Estadual de Cuiabá - Mato Grosso
Authors: Oliveira Carine , Borges Luciana
Published: December 2019

O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar, por depoimento de alunos da 5° série e direção escolar de uma escola da rede pública em Cuiabá-MT, como o uso do smartphone é utilizado na educação. Isso é justificado devido o grande uso do celular smartphone pela população infanto-juvenil, sendo constatado por meio deste estudo, além disso, que o mesmo está presente em sala de aula, mas não está inserido na metodologia escolar. Em contrapartida, o mobile Learning (aprendizagem móvel), é um método de ensino que pode colaborar no ensino e potencializar o aprendizado.
Integração de Dispositivos Críticos de Segurança em uma Indústria Esmagadora de Soja
Authors: Silva Jordame , de Almeida Dárley D.
Published: December 2019

Gerenciamento Segurança de Processo (PSM) é um assunto que vem crescendo em importância. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é apresentar a importância da utilização de Dispositivos Críticos de Segurança em indústrias, realizando uma breve introdução sobre processos em indústrias alimentícias e mostrando os benefícios de utilizar a computação através de dispositivos dedicados somente a segurança de processo
Paralelização do Algoritmo de Indexação de Dados Multimídia Baseado em Quantização
Authors: Fernandes André , Teodoro George
Published: December 2019

Nesse artigo é apresentada uma paralelização eficiente do algoritmo de busca por similaridade Product Quantization Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (PQANNS). Esse método pode responder consultas com uma demanda reduzida de memória e, juntamente com a paralelização proposta, pode lidar de forma eficiente com grandes bases de dados. A execução utilizando 128 nós/3584 núcleos de CPU foi capaz de atingir uma eficiência do paralelismo de 0.97 em uma base de dados contendo 256 bilhões de descritores SIFT.
The Legitimation and Professionalization of Ritual Service in South Togo
Authors: Vannier Christian N.
Published: December 2019

Indigenous religious organizations in southern Togo represent organized means of professionalizing and legitimating indigenous religious specialists that provide ritual services such as healing to congregations and communities. Drawing upon interviews with religious specialists and observations surrounding these organizations, this article ethnographically details a particular organization whose principal aim is to codify and enforce social sanctions that originate in Vodu law. The article concludes that in this case study processes of formalization and professionalization signify processes of “NGOization,” the adoption of the “NGO form” that allows for the representation of beliefs and people not typically represented by the state or market.
Gestion de la Réserve de Biosphère de Yangambi en République Démocratique du Congo à l’épreuve des dynamiques d’installation des villages et campements (1939–2015)
Authors: Koy Justin Kyale , Ngonga Alphonse Maindo Monga , Wardell David Andrew
Published: December 2019

This study analyzes the factors of installation of villages and encampments around the Yangambi Biosphere Reserve (DRC) and the impact of this issue on its management. Among the factors that determine this phenomenon, the study revealed those of a political, economic, social, and religious nature. Logical consequences are a reduced distance between the reserve and the villages, demographic pressure, exploitation of natural resources by migrants, and questioning of any initiative to return migrants to their sites of origin. The integration of this phenomenon into public policies could contribute to the protection of this reserve.
Small Talk Grooming
Authors: Škorić Marko , Rajačić Ana Bilinović , Kišjuhas Aleksej
Published: December 2019

This article analyzes the biosocial origins of gossip by pointing to its significant social and evolutionary functions. Along with the problems of defining it, the article deals with gossip’s bad reputation and analyzes sociocultural functions of gossip and small talk as mechanisms of social comparison, as well as means of transferring cultural norms, values, and rules. Furthermore, it offers a detailed analysis of gossip as an evolutionary phenomenon that represents a unique form of social grooming among humans and performs the function of strengthening social ties and social cohesion. Finally, the gossip is portrayed as a means of spreading adaptive information concerning status, resources, and sex.
The Concept of Culture and the Cultural Study of Law. An Essay
Authors: Maldonado Daniel Bonilla
Published: December 2019

Law is culture, not its consequence. This is one of the fundamental premises of the cultural analysis of law. The content of the category ‘culture’, however, is one of the most elusive in the humanities: it is not easy to specify its limits or make explicit its fundamental components. It is not easy to specify either what should be the most fruitful way to approach the academic study of legal culture. There is no consensus on the premises and methods with which cultural studies of law should espouse. In this essay I would like to examine two ways of understanding legal culture and the cultural analysis of law. The first perspective is what I would call a monist cultural analysis; the second is what I would like to call a pluralist cultural analysis. More precisely, in this essay I would like to examine the concept of culture with which the monist cultural analysis of law is committed to, the methodological consequences that this concept generates and the limits that these concept and method have to accurately describe modern legal cultures. In this essay, I would also like to explore the concept of culture offered by the pluralist cultural analysis of law and the conceptual and methodological contributions that this perspective could make to the understanding of modern legal cultures.
Idealism and Self-Authorship: A Note on Paul Kahn’s Making the Case
Authors: Lev Amnon
Published: December 2019

The article examines the notion of self-authorship through judicial review in Paul Kahn’s book Making the Case. It argues that, for Kahn, the primary function of the court is to bring the people to see the law as something they have themselves authored, and that we can only open up this dimension to study by looking at the universe of meaning to which the law makes reference. The article ties Kahn’s cultural analysis of law back to his earlier work on body politics in a liberal polity. It shows how law and culture intertwine in Kahn’s work, law being the same time a limit to and a product of culture. Finally, the article problematizes Kahn’s use of culture as a means to destabilize liberalism. It argues that, despite his avowed concern with liberty (which self-authorship translates into constitutional parlance), his efforts to transcend liberal theory lead him to adopt basic political conceptions that leave no room for liberty in political life.
Stria longitudinalis medialis ve lateralis’in morfolojik olarak incelenmesi
Authors: DEMİRTAŞ İsmet , KILIÇ Kubilay Doğan , UYANIKGİL Yiğit , YURTTAŞ Canan
Published: December 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, bilinen bazı boyama yöntemlerinin modifiye edilerek stria longitudinalis medialis ve lateralis’in histo-morfolojik olarak incelenmesi ve elde edilecek bulguların bundan sonra yapılacak olan benzer çalışmalara ışık tutması amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntemler: Çalışmamızda, %10’luk formaldehit ile tespit edilmiş, makroskobik patolojisi gözlenmeyen, doku bütünlüğü bozulmamış yetişkin kadavra beyin hemisferleri arasından elde edilen dokular kullanıldı. Beş kadavra beyninden alınan örneklerden üçü uygun boyama metoduna ulaşabilmek amacıyla kullanıldı. Doku fiksasyon metodu, Hematoksilen-eozin boyama metodu ve Luxol fast blue boyama metodu uygulandı.

Bulgular: Histolojik olarak ilk defa corpus callosum (CC), indusium griseum (IG) ve stria longitudinalis (SL) aynı görüntü üzerinde tespit edildi. SL’in lifleri, vasküler ve morfolojik yapısı belirtildi.

Sonuç: Umuyoruz ki, SL ile ilgili histolojik, immünohistokimyasal ve anatomik yaklaşımlar ışığında yaptığımız bu girişim, bu konu üzerindeki bazı karanlık yönleri aydınlatacaktır. Böylece bizden sonra SL üzerinde çalışacak araştırmacıların istifadesine sunulmak üzere akademik bir hafıza oluşturacaktır.
Solid Organ Transplantasyonu Sonrası Post-Transplant Lenfoproliferatif Hastalıklar: Tek Merkez Deneyimi
Authors: ARSLAN DAVULCU Eren , BÜLBÜL Hale , ULUSOY Yusuf , SOYER Nur Akad , DEMİR Derya , ÖZSAN Nazan , AK Güneş , ŞAHİN Fahri , TÖBÜ Mahmut , TOMBULOĞLU Murat , VURAL Filiz , SAYDAM Güray
Published: December 2019

Amaç: Kliniğimizde solid organ transplantasyonu sonrası post-transplant lenfoproliferatif hastalık tanısı almış hastaların klinik bulgularını, laboratuar özelliklerini, genel ve progesyonsuz sağ kalımlarını değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.

Yöntemler: Ocak 2000- Aralık 2018 yılları arasında solid organ transplantasynu sonrası post-transplant lenfoproliferatif hastalık tanısı alan hastalar retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların cinsiyeti, transplantasyon oldukları yaş, lenfoproliferatif hastalık tanı yaşı, transplantasyon sonrası lenfoproliferatif hastalık tanısına kadar geçen süre, lenfoproliferatif hastalık için klinik prezentasyonları, tümör karakteristikleri, tanı anındaki laktat dehidrogenaz düzeyleri, immunsupresif tedavileri, lenfoproliferatif hastalık için aldıkları tedaviler ve bu tedavilere yanıtları, toplam ve olaysız sağ kalım değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: On hastaya post-transplant lenfoproliferatif hastalık tanısı konmuştur. Hastaların 8’i böbrek, 2’si karaciğer transplantasyonu sonrası lenfoproliferatif hastalık tanısı almışlardır. 8 hastaya diffüz büyük B hücreli lenfoma, 2 hastaya toplam 3 kere Hodgkin lenfoma (1 hasta nüks etmiştir) tanısı konmuştur. 5 yıllık sağ kalım %90±9 ve olaysız sağ kalım 150,76±13,28 ay bulunmuştur.

Sonuç: Erken dönemde septik nedenlerle kaybedilen bir hasta dışındaki hastalar hayatta ve remisyondadır. Çalışmamızın 5 yıllık sağ kalım oranının literatürde bildirilen birçok çalışmadan daha uzun olması tedavi başarısını göstermektedir.
Vykonatelnost rozsudků Soudního dvora Evropské unie
Authors: Fellerová Palkovská Iva
Published: December 2019

Cílem článku je analyzovat vykonatelnost rozhodnutí unijních soudů v unijním právu. Nejprve je předestřen účel, jaký v unijním právu vykonatelnost plní, následně je pozornost zaostřena na právní zakotvení tohoto institutu. Těžištěm článku je analýza jednotlivých nástrojů, které k prosazení obsahu rozsudků Soudního dvora EU slouží, ať už se jedná o přímý výkon rozhodnutí nebo jiné nástroje zajišťující vykonatelnost. Závěrem lze konstatovat, že vykonatelnost je vlastnost, kterou rozsudky Soudního dvora EU mají, tedy že povinnost postupovat ve shodě s rozsudky SDEU v unijním právu platí.
The Politics of Édouard Glissant’s Right to Opacity
Authors: Davis Benjamin P. ,   Caribbean Philosophical Association
Published: December 2019

The central claim of this essay is that Édouard Glissant’s concept of “opacity” is most fruitfully understood not as a built-in protection of a population or as a summary term for cultural difference, but rather as a political accomplishment. That is, opacity is not a given but an achievement. Taken up in this way, opacity is relevant for ongoing decolonial work today.
Liste de référence fonctionnelle et annotée des Mollusques continentaux (Mollusca: Gastropoda & Bivalvia) du Grand-Est (France)
Authors: BICHAIN Jean-Michel , CUCHERAT Xavier , BRULÉ Hervé , DURR Thibaut , GUHRING Jean , HOMMAY Gérard , RYELANDT Julien , UMBRECHT Kevin
Published: December 2019

Les plateformes collaboratives d’observation de la biodiversité, couplées à des référentiels taxonomiques numériques, permettent désormais de générer automatiquement des listes d’espèces et/ou atlas de répartition à diverses échelles tant temporelles que géographiques. Nous questionnons ici la fiabilité d’une telle liste d’espèces en prenant comme point de départ la pré-liste taxonomique des Mollusques de la région du Grand-Est générée à partir des données d’occurrences disponibles dans le Système d’Information sur la Nature et les Paysages (SINP) et du réferentiel associé TAXREF. Nous montrons que le taux de recouvrement entre cette pré-liste qui cite 233 taxons terminaux et celle élaborée par les auteurs de cet article est de l’ordre de 90 %. Les différences sont liées à 60,7 % à de fausses-absences, à 32,1 % à de fausses-présences et à 7,2 % à des traitements taxonomiques différents. Au final, nous documentons la présence de 241 taxons terminaux dont 156 Gastéropodes terrestres, 46 Gastéropodes aquatiques et 39 Bivalves. Nous montrons que plus de 40 % des espèces de Mollusque nécessitent une approche conjointe morpho-anatomique pour une identification fiable. C’est pourquoi, cette liste de référence dite fonctionnelle a mis l’accent, pour certains taxons, sur les critères spécifiques estimés comme stables et sur le niveau de difficulté lors de l’identification, et ce, afin de tenter d’homogénéiser l’implémentation des données d’occurrence et/ou de leur évaluation a posteriori. Nous recommandons que les données primaires enregistrées dans les bases de données collaboratives fassent référence à des spécimens déposés dans des collections publiques, aux caractères spécifiques observés et par la transmission de photographie(s) de bonnes qualités.
A escrita da história e a ação como “obra aberta” ante as “perspectivas cruzadas”
Authors: Santos Sanqueilo De Lima , Alvares Mariana Marcelino
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo discute sobre o caráter aberto que Ricœur, em sua obra A memória, a história, o esquecimento (2001), mantém para a questão da validade da historiografia enquanto saber científico. O fato de Ricoeur não objetivar um consenso que valide a historiografia, no sentido epistemológico, pode desanimar um leitor historiador. No entanto, o dissensus que se reflete na falta de um método paradigmático, de um significado unívoco e de uma categoria fundamental da investigação historiográfica, em Ricoeur, não condena a historiografia à impossibilidade. Ao invés disso, o presente texto tem o objetivo de justificar o caráter “aberto” da historiografía, exposto por Ricoeur na obra aqui citada, apresentando a necessidade das “perspectivas cruzadas” para a relação da historiografia com o debate público. Essa discussão desemboca nas implicações éticas e políticas do discurso historiográfico.
Study Habits and Attainment in Undergraduate Mathematics: A Social Network Analysis
Authors: Alcock Lara , Hernandez-Martinez Paul , Godwin Patel Arun , Sirl David
Published: December 2019

In this article, we argue that although mathematics educators are concerned about social issues, minimal attention has been paid to student–student interactions outside the classroom. We discuss social network analysis as a methodology for studying such interactions in the context of an undergraduate course. We present results on the questions: Who studies with whom? What are students’ study habits, and are these systematically related to the habits of those with whom they interact? Do individual and collaborative study habits predict attainment? We discuss the implications of these findings for research on undergraduate learning and on social issues in mathematics education, suggesting that social network analysis may provide a bridge between mathematics education researchers who focus on cognitive and on social issues.
Dimensions of Learning Probability Vocabulary
Authors: Groth Randall E. , Bergner Jennifer A. , Austin Jathan W.
Published: December 2019

Normative discourse about probability requires shared meanings for disciplinary vocabulary. Previous research indicates that students’ meanings for probability vocabulary often differ from those of mathematicians, creating a need to attend to developing students’ use of language. Current standards documents conflict in their recommendations about how this should occur. In the present study, we conducted microgenetic research to examine the vocabulary use of four students before, during, and after lessons from a cycle of design-based research attending to probability vocabulary. In characterizing students’ normative and nonnormative uses of language, we draw implications for the design of curriculum, standards, and further research. Specifically, we illustrate the importance of attending to incrementality, multidimensionality, polysemy, interrelatedness, and heterogeneity to foster students’ probability vocabulary development.
The Effects of Mathematics Preparation and Mathematics Attitudes on College Calculus Performance
Authors: Sonnert Gerhard , Barnett Melissa D. , Sadler Philip M.
Published: December 2019

Students’ attitudes toward mathematics and the strength of their mathematics preparation typically go hand in hand such that their specific effects are difficult to disentangle. Employing the method of propensity weighting of a continuous variable, we built hierarchical linear models in which mathematics attitudes and preparation are uncorrelated. Data used came from a national survey of U.S. college students taking introductory calculus (N= 5,676). A 1-standard-deviation increase in mathematics preparation predicted a 4.72-point higher college calculus grade, whereas a 1-­standard-deviation increase in mathematics attitudes resulted in a 3.15-point gain. Thus, the effect of mathematics preparation was about 1.5 times that of mathematics attitudes. The two variables did not interact, nor was there any interaction between gender and these variables.
‘Two homes, refugees in both’: Contesting frameworks – The case of the Northern Muslims of Sri Lanka
Authors: Surenthiraraj Esther , De Mel Neloufer
Published: December 2019

Policies that address post-war displacement often reflect temporal linearity as transitional periods during which they are developed imply a shift from one situation to another. These policies obscure complexities experienced by local communities for whom displacement is ongoing and interminable. This essay applies Sri Lanka’s National Policy on Durable Solutions for Conflict-Affected Displacement (NPDSCAD) to the case of Northern Muslims who were expelled from the Northern Province of Sri Lanka in 1990 and have lived in prolonged displacement for over 25 years. For these Muslims, return-remain is an oscillation and not an either/or option. Using “frames of recognition” to analyze policy documents and data from fieldwork, the paper critically unpacks the category of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) – the displacement-related frame applied to the Northern Muslims – to reveal the multiple subject positions respondents navigate in presenting their own stance to this category. Calling for recognition of the circumstances of their displacement, the respondents’ footing to the IDP frame holds in it both needs-based and justice-based discourses and demands that Northern Muslims be recognized as political subjects. Return-remain is complicated by issues respondents face as they travel between their current home in Puttalam and origins in the North. The paper concludes that while the Northern Muslims are denied full recognition by the NPDSCAD, their complex experiences continue to contest the frames deployed by the policy.
Leadership strategies of mobilisation and demobilisation in Sudan
Authors: Moss Sigrun Marie
Published: December 2019

A Sudanese Revolution overthrew the sitting regime in 2019, and a transitional government is in place. This article explores Sudanese respondents’ take on how the former regime managed to stay in power for so long. The National Congress Party in Sudan held on to power for three decades against all odds after taking over in a coup in 1989. Widely unpopular, the regime relied on repression and coercive tactics to stay in power. Based on interview data from three locations in Sudan 2011 and 2012, respondents’ accounts of the NCP leadership strategies for staying in power are explored in this article. The interview data speaks to two highly intertwined processes. First, to the mobilisation of support from those the government needed in key positions around the country, in the elite, and the security forces. Second, the data speaks to the demobilisation of people in general. Respondents point at five strategies deployed by the NCP to stay in power: Creating a secure repressive base; divide and rule strategies; controlling the media; creating a confusing and closed system and, lastly, not pushing people too far. For each tactic, it seems the regime attempted to demobilise people at large, but also tried to mobilise those it needed. These five strategies are in this study seen in light of leadership, identities and collective action, and the analysis emphasises agency through the concepts of group efficacy and illiberal statebuilding. The study contributes to developing a psychology of demobilisation as it explores the attempted hindering of collective action. Exploring these issues in a non-Western conflict case like Sudan is a particularly important addition to understanding leadership demobilisation in conflict settings. Seeing this in light of the more recent processes of people’s power in Sudan makes it even more relevant.
Dvejopo kuro variklio eksergijos balanso palyginamieji tyrimai
Authors: Daukšys Vygintas , Lebedevas Sergėjus
Published: December 2019

Straipsnyje pateikti dyzelinio variklio „4ČN 79,5/95,5“, konvertuoto veikimui naudojant dvejopas dyzelinas (D)–gamtinės dujos (GD) kurą (D/GD), kogeneracinio ciklo energetinių parametrų tyrimų rezultatai. Tyrimų tikslu tapo variklio, veikiančio naudojant D ir dvejopą (D/GD) kurą, kogeneracinio ciklo antrinių energijos išteklių (išmetamųjų dujų ir aušinančio kontūro vandens) energijos efektyvumo panaudojimo rodiklių palyginamoji analizė. Eksergijos balanso energetinės sudedamosios ištirtos plačiuose apkrovos (pme = 1,98–5,99 bar) ir D/GD sudėties (100/0–20/80) bei variklio reguliavimo parametrų pasikeitimo diapazonuose. Eksergijos balanso suminio naudingumo koeficiento (ηExΣ), įvertinančio elektros ir šiluminės energijos panaudojimo efektyvumą, sumažėjimas neviršijo 3–4 % ir 22 % atitinkamai aukštos ir žemos jėgainės apkrovos režimuose. Mažėjant eksergijos panaudojimo efektyvumo rodikliams (ηExe, ηExΣ), absoliutus eksergijos potencialas praktiniam panaudojimui dėl šiluminės energijos sudedamosios augimo didėja nuo 3–18 % aukštos apkrovos režimuose ir iki 14–58 % žemos apkrovos režimuose. Nustatyta, kad santykinai mažesni absoliučių eksergijos balanso rodiklių pasikeitimai būdingi dyzelinėms jėgainėms su didesne indikatorinio proceso dinamika. Tai leidžia teigti, kad kogeneracinio ciklo energetinių sudedamųjų gerinimo potencialas yra didinant indikatorinio proceso dinaminius rodiklius (pvz., ankstinant dyzelino įpurškimo paskubos kampą φinj).
Modelling electric vehicles and setting charging patterns endogenously in energy planning models
Authors: Neniškis Eimantas
Published: December 2019

In the UN Emissions Gap Report it is estimated that the action plan agreed in the Paris Climate Agreement is not sufficient to limit the global temperature increase to below 2°C, compared to the pre-industrial period. More stringent measures must be taken to reduce global warming. In order to evaluate the most suitable pathways to decarbonize economies, complex multisectoral models should be used. Electric vehicles have the potential to significantly reduce carbon emissions in the transport sector. However, high penetration of electric vehicles might affect the development of the power sector. Additional energy required to charge these vehicles increases overall electricity demand. Thus, even though a higher share of electric vehicles reduces emissions in the transport sector, overall emission reduction effect depends on the fuels used to generate this additional electricity for charging. In case of fossil fuels, overall emissions might even increase. On the other hand, it is possible to adjust charging patterns according to generation fluctuations in wind and solar power plants. Such energy balancing could allow higher penetration of intermittent renewables. Because of this interlinkage of power and transport sectors through electric vehicles it is beneficial to model both sectors simultaneously in energy planning models, especially when the purpose of the model is to evaluate possible emission reduction pathways. In this paper, a methodology is proposed on how to model electric vehicles in energy planning models. This methodology enables flexible charging of electric vehicles, where charging patterns are set internally by the model. The methodology is based on the modelling of different driving patterns and evaluation of different vehicle states. Furthermore, it is explained how driving patterns and vehicle states can be derived from limited data by using pattern approximation with normal distributions.
The Woman Candidate for the Ontario Legislative Assembly, 1919-1929
Authors: Scollie Frederick Brent
Published: December 2019

History paints a bleak picture of Ontario women's lack of electoral success after 1919, the year women secured the right to provincial and municipal elective office. This article examines thirteen of twenty-one women who ran unsuccessfully as candidates for the Ontario Legislative Assembly before 1943, especially the twelve who were candidates between 1919-1929, the political success of some of their predecessors elected as school trustees as early as 1892, and the experience of these women with political parties. It tests to what extent the historical record confirms political scientist Sylvia Bashevkin's analysis of women and party politics in English Canada and sociologist Thelma McCormack's theory of male and female dual political cultures.
The Rise and Fall of an Ontario Business Dynasty: William Kennedy & Sons and its successors, 1857-1997
Authors: Fleming Keith R.
Published: December 2019

Between 1857 and 1951, the Owen Sound firm of William Kennedy & Sons was transformed by three successive generations of the Kennedy family into a dynasty. As a supplier of industrial equipment to the agricultural, milling, mining, railway, marine, hydro-electric, and pulp and paper sectors across Canada and internationally, “Kennedy's”  became a model of entrepreneurialism despite challenging the conventional wisdom that success depended upon economies of scale generated by product specialization. Originally, Kennedy's strength was its owners' determination to harness their craftsmen's ingenuity in making a plethora of products. After it became a branch plant of multinational corporations and was forced to focus increasingly on a single product line, the firm commenced a protracted and ignominious slide ending in bankruptcy in 1997. The history of William Kennedy & Sons is a rare account of how a medium-sized manufacturer conducted business over 140 years. It also provides a revealing look at the entrepreneurial spirit behind the creation of a once imposing, but now much diminished, industrial Ontario.
Number 22 Internment Camp
Authors: Goodlet Kirk W.
Published: December 2019

This article investigates the development of internment operations at Camp M in Mimico, Ontario, from 1940 to 1944. Using a variety of archival sources, this study sheds light on one of the only camps built near a major Canadian city during the Second World War, and one that remains recondite to most Canadians. From its inception Camp M suffered from a series of administrative, organizational, and personnel issues, which exacerbated operations. This was compounded by severe infrastructure problems that led to its expeditious closing in July 1944. Today both provincial and federal governments are constructing a 1,650-person “superjail” on the very site that once housed over 500 German POWs. This article, therefore, serves to inform further discussion about the past and present utility of the site.
Balancing Wilderness Protection and Economic Development
Authors: Warecki George
Published: December 2019

This article is about the politics of planning for wilderness in northwestern Ontario. It blends environmental history and political science to discuss the relationships between diverse interests in provincial policy-making for the “Atikaki” region between Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba, and Red Lake, Ontario. In 1972, a Minnesota-based conservationist launched a campaign to establish a huge, interprovincial wilderness area encircled by a multiple-use buffer zone, to protect a canoeists’ paradise. Supporting conservation groups formed a coalition, opposed by local “productive” interests – forestry, mining, and fly-in fishing camp operators. The conflicted Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources reviewed the Atikaki proposal and weighed public input. When negotiations for a national park in Manitoba stalled in the late 1970s, the two provincial governments, recognizing key resource conflicts, replaced the original wilderness proposal with smaller, separate designs. Manitoba established Atikaki Provincial Park in 1985. Some 4,600 square kilometres on the Ontario side became Woodland Caribou Provincial Park in 1983.
“A most industrious and far-seeing Mohawk scholar”
Authors: Edwards Brendan F.R.
Published: December 2019

Charles Angus Cooke (Thawennensere) (1870-1958) was an Aboriginal artist and writer and a federal civil servant who, by attempting to establish a library and publish a Mohawk newspaper and dictionary, and by his recruitment of Native soldiers in World War I, tried to bring the knowledge and ideas of Native people into the educational and political realm of the Department of Indian Affairs. Cooke sought to redefine the Western medium of the printed word for the social, cultural and political benefit of Aboriginal peoples, without compromising Aboriginal cultural interests and beliefs. He was motivated by a sincere interest in protecting, strengthening, and promoting Aboriginal languages, histories, and cultural practices, and desire to create an environment where Aboriginal people could make meaningful contributions to Canadian political affairs.
“This Period of Desperate Enterprise”
Authors: Garcia Robert W.
Published: December 2019

This article looks at the reaction of the British military authorities in Kingston to the outbreak of the Upper Canada Rebellion in December 1837. The revolt had come at an awkward time. The vast majority of Kingston’s regular garrison had been earlier dispatched to quell the uprising in Lower Canada leaving the town open to Patriot attack. As well, Fort Henry, whose construction had begun in 1832 and the lynch pin of a proposed system of fortifications designed to protect the province’s chief military depot, Royal Navy dockyard and the entrance to the Rideau Canal, was not yet complete. Lead by Richard Bonnycastle of the Royal Engineers, a small cadre of British regulars and retired veterans took vigorous steps to organize and train the eager but raw Canadian militia and volunteers. The effectiveness of the training was realized in late February 1838 when the Patriots made their major attempt to capture Kingston.
One Way Ticket to a Penal Colony
Authors: Carter John C.
Published: December 2019

This article will focus on the plight of ninety-three English speaking, North American political prisoners who were given a one-way ticket and ended up in the Van Diemen’s Land penal system, as a result of their involvement in the incursions into Upper Canada and the associated rebellious acts committed in 1838. The end of rebellion in Canada was the beginning of experiences significant to the historical record in Australia. The capture, incarceration and transportation of Patriot exiles to Van Diemen’s Land and the stories of their imprisonment, release and repatriation form an intriguing episode in Australia’s and Canada’s twinned heritage.
On Their Own Terms
Authors: Bridgen Lorene
Published: December 2019

This article examines the role of African Canadians in southern Ontario’s temperance movement and the extent to which temperance offered them freedom. It discusses African Canadians who drank, including the Reverend John Jackson and James T. Rapier, and the participation of key figures such as Henry Bibb, Mary Ann Shadd Cary, William Whipper and the Reverend Israel Campbell, who supported the cause of temperance by offering individual support, organizing voluntary reform and endorsing legal enforcement. Also analyzed are the contributions of Whites to African-Canadian temperance. It concludes that African Canadians played a more important role in the cause of temperance than previously known.
“The threat of being Morganized will not deter us”: William Lyon Mackenzie, Freemasonry and the Morgan Affair
Authors: Raible Chris
Published: December 2019

In January 1827 William Lyon Mackenzie applied for membership to in York’s lodge of Freemasons, an episode in his life totally ignored by his biographers. His action seems incompatible with the character and personality of the radical journalist. As he was re-establishing his printing business in the wake of its blatant destruction, why would Mackenzie, an outsider, want to join the Masons, the insiders? And why would the Masons consider welcoming him into their secret circle? Freemasonry was embroiled in sandal over the abduction and supposed murder of William Morgan, author of a book exposing Masonic secrets. Mackenzie began publishing lurid stories of the Morgan affair. The Masons rejected his membership application. Mackenzie proceeded to put out his own edition of Morgan’s book. A mutually beneficial bargain, exchanging editorial silence for social status had failed – and Mackenzie published his version of the drama in the columns of the Colonial Advocate.
Cars and Cottages
Authors: Stevens Peter A.
Published: December 2019

Automobiles and summer cottages both play important roles in Ontario society, but neither of them has received much attention from scholars. This article examines how the automobile reshaped and reoriented the practice of summer cottaging. Particularly following the Second World War, the automobile served to expand cottaging both socially and geographically. Highway construction opened up new parts of the province to cottage development, while the advantages of automobile travel helped to transform cottaging from an elite activity into a mass phenomenon. Cars changed the nature of cottage life, making it more private and informal. They also led to a striking reversal in government policies, which historically had catered as much to Americans as to Ontarians. Finally the automobile influenced many aspects of cottage country, from its social atmosphere to its natural environment and its political disputes. Ultimately, the car democratized cottaging and, at the same time, fashioned some of the less pleasant features of cottage life.
The Crown Lands Department, the Government, and the Settlers of McNab Township, Canada West
Authors: Vosburgh Michelle
Published: December 2019

After the 1837-38 rebellions, it was important to maintain public trust in government. At the same time people expected significant reforms and, ultimately, responsible government. The circumstances surrounding Archibald McNab and the settlers whom he had located in McNab Township in the 1830s and 1840s, highlight ways in which the transition to responsible government took form. The settlers, deceived and oppressed by McNab, became useful political tools and their plight was highly publicized by reformers. McNab came to represent the old ways of using position and power to further one’s own status and wealth while a new ideal of serving the public interest was moving to the fore. Because so many of the settlers’ problems stemmed from land distribution, the government had to handle the issue carefully. Encouraging settlement was the most important activity of the government in this period and its policies needed to apply consistently across Canada West in order to maintain trust and stability. Its handling of the difficulties in McNab was both consistent and flexible, raising no cries of special treatment.
“We did it just for fun”
Authors: Beaulieu Michel S.
Published: December 2019

This article chronicles the brief existence of The Port Arthur Amateur Cinema Society and its attempts to produce three feature-length films, including Canada’s first amateur feature-length film, A Race for Ties, in 1929. I argue that the existence and success of such a society in the then remote city of Port Arthur, Ontario, owes as much to the dedication of two people – Dorothea Mitchell and Fred Cooper – as it does to the growing culture of consumerism that was a hallmark of the early twentieth century.
La détention provisoire et son incidence sur les droits fondamentaux des justiciables : étude comparative en droit franco-québécois
Authors: Pinel Valérine
Published: December 2019

En France comme au Canada, une personne qui n’a pas encore fait l’objet d’une déclaration de culpabilité peut être placée en détention provisoire afin de s’assurer du bon fonctionnement de l’enquête et de la justice ou pour des raisons de sécurité. Le nombre de prévenus détenus et le temps passé en détention provisoire sont en augmentation dans les deux pays, ce qui entraîne une surpopulation carcérale importante. Dans son texte, l’auteure constate les incidences d’une telle mesure sur les droits des justiciables, notamment ceux qui relèvent du droit à un procès équitable. C’est en particulier à cause d’une anticipation de la question de la culpabilité et de la peine au stade de la décision sur le placement en détention provisoire que les personnes détenues provisoirement sont atteintes dans leurs droits. Or ces différentes répercussions ne touchent pas toujours de manière identique tous les justiciables, ce qui, en sus, nuit à leur droit à l’égalité devant la loi.
Hackathon Almanzora Comparte: sumando inteligencias, experiencias y entusiasmo
Authors: Sanz Martos Sandra
Published: December 2019

El pasado 10 de octubre tuvo lugar la IV Jornada Almanzora Comparte; en esta edición, en formato hackathon. Una dinámica que ha permitido compartir experiencias, inquietudes, ideas, preocupaciones e ilusiones a cincuenta representantes del tejido empresarial, agrícola, ganadero, turístico, artesanal, político y social de la comarca del Almanzora.
Retos y oportunidades del uso de la inteligencia artificial en las administraciones públicas
Authors: Cerrillo i Martínez Agustí
Published: December 2019

La moda de la inteligencia artificial está llegando a las administraciones públicas, a pesar de que lo hace a un ritmo más lento que en otros sectores. Hoy ya hay algunas administraciones públicas que usan la inteligencia artificial en el análisis de datos, la toma de decisiones, la detección de fraudes e irregularidades o la prestación de servicios públicos. El uso de la inteligencia artificial genera numerosos retos a las administraciones públicas que deben abordarse, como por ejemplo la opacidad, los sesgos y la discriminación, la mengua de las garantías en la tramitación de los procedimientos administrativos, la responsabilidad por los daños causados en el uso de la inteligencia artificial o su impacto en la ocupación pública. La inteligencia artificial es uno de los fundamentos de la gobernanza inteligente que debe comprender a todas las personas para contribuir a un desarrollo sostenible.