bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APPLICATION OF MODEL-ELICITING ACTIVITIES (MEAs) FOR LEARNING MATHEMATICS BASED ON STUDENTS’ INITIAL MATHEMATICAL ABILITIES
Authors: Al Ayyubi Ibnu Imam , Suryana Irfan , Wijaya Tommy Tanu , Noerzanah Firda , Ikromi Shoutika Nawadya
Published: June 2024

This study aims to analyze the application of the Model-Eliciting Activities (MEAs) for learning mathematics based on students’ initial mathematical abilities and school origin. It was conducted at SDN Batujajar 3, SDN Sukamaju and SDS Yayasan Beribu by using a quantitative research approach. The research method used the survey method and Two Ways ANOVA test analysis to determine the relationship between students; initial mathematics learning outcomes, students’ origin school, and students’ initial mathematical abilities with a sample of 81 students. In this study, it was found that in learning using the Model-Eliciting Activities there were differences in students’ mathematics learning outcomes based on students’ school origin, students’ mathematics learning outcomes based on students’ initial mathematical abilities, and there was an interaction between school origin and students’ initial mathematical abilities in determining mathematics learning outcomes. In addition, the interaction that occurred shows that SDS Yayasan Beribu had better than SDN Batujajar 3 and SDN Sukamaju.
TEACHER READINES AND CHALLENGES IN IMPLEMENTATION OF MERDEKA CURRICULUM IN MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Mulabbiyah  , Rosa Desmawanti  , Rohaya Sulong
Published: June 2024

Teachers are one of the spearheads of implementing the curriculum at school. With the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum, it is important to know the readiness of teachers in implementing it and the challenges they face. This study aims to describe teachers' readiness to implement the Merdeka Curriculum in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Mataram City and identify the challenges faced. This research is a phenomenological qualitative research. Data were collected through interviews, observation and documentation. Furthermore, the data is analyzed interactively through the stages of data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. Data validity testing was carried out by increasing diligence, triangulation of sources and triangulation of methods. The results showed that the teacher's readiness to implement the Merdeka Curriculum in MI Mataram City was quite good, it just needed to be improved. Various challenges faced by teachers in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum include (1) teachers do not fully understand and are able to develop Merdeka Curriculum learning tools, (2) it takes a long time to be able to compile all learning tools, especially teaching modules and project modules to strengthen the Pancasila Student Profile, (3) lack of supporting infrastructure, (4) large number of students for each rombel, (5) inadequate classroom size for differentiated learning, (6) lack of cooperation and parental involvement, (7) teachers have difficulty carrying out diagnostic assessments and preparing varied/different questions for formative assessments and summative assessments according to student learning needs.
Examining the types and purpose of cloud computing used for library services delivery in academic libraries in Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Isiaka Abdullahi Olayinka , Saliu Abdulfatai , Mahammuod Sulyman Olaitan , Bankole Qudus AJibola
Published: June 2024

Background of the study: The implementation and integration of information and communication technology in library services and operations has revolutionized traditional practices, enabling libraries to adapt to the evolving needs of users in the digital era.
Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to examine the types and purposes of cloud computing used for library service delivery in academic libraries in Kwara State, Nigeria.
Methods: The study used a descriptive survey approach. The population was all the 108 librarians in the eight universities in Kwara State, Nigeria. A total enumeration sampling technique was employed, and a questionnaire was used to collect data from the librarians. The study answered three research questions.
Findings: The study revealed that OCLC, Word cat, Google Docs, and other types of cloud computing are being utilized by the librarians. The study also revealed that poor internet connectivity, among other challenges, militates against the use of cloud computing for academic library service delivery.
Conclusion: The study concluded that the librarians make use of cloud computing for library services. The study recommends that the library should provide reliable internet facilities with fast speeds, high broadband, and reliable power supplies, among others.
A Study on the Observation Status and Monitoring of Large Ocean Observation Buoys
Authors: Lee Seung-Woo , Jeong Jin-Yong , Jeong Jongmin , Min Yongchim , Lee Jaeik , Lee Su-Chan , Kim Seonjeong , Min In-Ki
Published: June 2024

More than half of the world's population is lives in coastal areas, and the effects of climate change are increasing. In particular, the prediction, forecasting, prevention and mitigation of disasters in coastal regions underscore the importance of real-time environmental information. This paper addresses the deployment and status of Large Ocean Observation Buoys installed by KIOST in the Yellow Sea/East China Sea in 2021. The buoys provide real-time time-series information not only for ocean physical and meteorological variables, but also for biogeochemical variables. In addition, the installed smart autonomous profiling system enables remote acquisition of vertical profiles of seawater. The data collected by the buoys will be visualized and displayed in real time on a web page. This study demonstrates the role of the buoys in monitoring ocean disasters and hazards using data collected during Typhoon Hinnamnor in 2022 and the low salinity water expansion of the Yangtze River. The use of the buoys for ocean monitoring is expected to be an effective means of responding to dynamic and abrupt environmental changes in the field, thus supporting rapid and effective responses to ocean disasters and hazards.
Akkermansia beyond muciniphila - emergence of new species Akkermansia massiliensis sp. nov.
Authors: Kumar Ritesh , Hasselwander Oliver , Kane Helene , Hibberd Ashley A
Published: June 2024

The human gut commensal Akkermansia muciniphila is the most studied bacterial species within the Verrucomicrobiota phylum. It has been proposed as a beneficial next-generation probiotic for cardiometabolic and immune health. Efforts from various research groups have resulted in the recent discovery of new species and/or phylotypes of the genus Akkermansia . This highlighted the genetic and phenotypic diversity among the Akkermansia isolates, providing an opportunity to identify novel mechanisms pertaining to health benefits. Genetic diversity between strains warrants detailed investigation to determine beneficial Akkermansia strains. Akkermansia massiliensis sp. nov. has emerged as the second most prevalent Akkermansia species in the human gut, with unique properties and potential relevance for human health. In addition, indications of the co-existence of more than one Akkermansia phylotype or species in a subject are intriguing. These new discoveries pave the way for additional developments of effective and targeted Akkermansia species-based interventions to provide health benefits.
Authors: Rahmawati Aida , Sari Ice Uliya , Sumarti Heni
Published: June 2024

Penyakit kanker payudara terus meningkat setiap tahun di Indonesia. Saat ini, kanker payudara tidak hanya muncul pada populasi usia lanjut, melainkan juga pada usia muda. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa klasifikasi kanker payudara dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan ultrasonografi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi penggunaan metode Random Forest untuk mengklasifikasikan tumor payudara pada citra ultrasonografi (USG), berdasarkan karakteristik tekstur. Meskipun model mencapai akurasi 100% pada data pelatihan, uji coba dengan variasi folds menunjukkan penurunan akurasi antara 51% hingga 54%, dengan precision dan recall yang bervariasi. Meskipun belum optimal, Random Forest menunjukkan potensi sebagai algoritma klasifikasi, memberikan dasar untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut dalam meningkatkan akurasi diagnosis tumor payudara. Faktor seperti pemilihan fitur, kualitas data set, dan parameter model menjadi pertimbangan penting untuk penelitian lanjutan guna mendukung diagnosis yang lebih akurat oleh tenaga kesehatan
Authors: Pratiwi Umi , Maulita Ika , Adi Efita Pratiwi , Luthfia Adilla
Published: June 2024

Measuring the moment of inertia is an important concept in machine working systems that require rotational motion, but manual measurements have not produced maximum results. It is necessary to design a demonstration system for determining the moment of inertia of a solid ball using the Mpu6050 Gyroscope Angle sensor and a photodiode sensor to determine the moment of inertia of a solid ball using a sensor-based method. The method used is designing a system for measuring the moment of inertia of a solid ball, making a flowchart of the system's working principles, making a system flowchart, and calculating accuracy. The variables obtained are the travel time of a solid ball, the length of the path, and the angle of the inclined plane. The data obtained is in the form of varying path lengths of 2
Note for the Riemann Hypothesis
Authors: Vega Frank
Published: June 2024

Let $\Psi(n) = n \cdot \prod_{q \mid n} \left(1 + \frac{1}{q} \right)$ denote the Dedekind $\Psi$ function where $q \mid n$ means the prime $q$ divides $n$. Define, for $n \geq 3$; the ratio $R(n) = \frac{\Psi(n)}{n \cdot \log \log n}$ where $\log$ is the natural logarithm. Let $N_{n} = 2 \cdot \ldots \cdot q_{n}$ be the primorial of order $n$. A trustworthy proof for the Riemann hypothesis has been considered as the Holy Grail of Mathematics by several authors. The Riemann hypothesis is a conjecture that the Riemann zeta function has its zeros only at the negative even integers and complex numbers with real part $\frac{1}{2}$. There are several statements equivalent to the famous Riemann hypothesis. We show if the inequality $R(N_{n+1}) < R(N_{n})$ holds for $n$ big enough, then the Riemann hypothesis is true. In this note, we prove that $R(N_{n+1}) < R(N_{n})$ always holds for $n$ big enough.
Efficient Solutions for Large-Scale Max-Cut Problems: A Hybrid Local Search Heuristic Approach and Comparative Analysis with Quantum Annealing
Authors: Wang Haibo , Alidaee Bahram , Sagbansua Lutfu
Published: June 2024

This study addresses the formidable challenge of solving large-scale Max-Cut problems (MCP). We introduce a rapid computational procedure utilizing a hybrid 1-flip/r-flip local search heuristic. This innovative strategy significantly reduces the computational time required for MCP problems while consistently generating solutions of exceptional quality. The paper presents substantial computational insights, showcasing the effectiveness of our approach on large-scale Max-Cut instances with varying densities. Our proposed heuristic is rigorously evaluated by comparing its performance against a quantum annealing solver, leveraging a multi-start Tabu Search framework. The results underscore the potency of this unique combination as an efficient and effective solution for large-scale QUBO problems. Notably, our hybrid heuristic consistently delivers high-quality solutions within the stringent CPU time limits of 600 seconds, demonstrating its efficacy across Max-Cut instances ranging from 10,000 to 40,000 variables. This research contributes to advancing the state-of-the-art in large-scale QUBO problem-solving, offering a powerful and time-efficient approach with broad applicability.
Ethnic Representation Matters: Investigating Bias in Facial Age Prediction Models
Authors: Panić Nenad , Marjanović Marina , Bezdan Timea
Published: June 2024

In this study, we investigate how dataset composition influences the performance and bias of age estimation models across different ethnic groups. We utilized pre-trained Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) such as VGG19, fine-tuning them on two datasets: UTKFace and APPA-REAL. UTKFace comprises 23,705 samples (12,391 males, 11,314 females) including 10,078 White, 4,526 Black, and 3,434 Asian individuals. APPA-REAL consists of 7,591 samples (3,818 males, 3,773 females) with 6,686 White, 231 Black, and 674 Asian individuals. We adjusted dataset composition by oversampling minority groups and reducing samples from the majority group to evaluate effects on model performance, measured using Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and standard deviation. Our findings demonstrate that oversampling alone does not guarantee equitable performance across ethnicities; reducing samples from the majority group often resulted in more balanced performance, evidenced by lower MAE standard deviations. These results underscore the importance of a nuanced approach to achieve fairness, including combining various sampling techniques. This study emphasizes the critical need for tailored dataset compositions to mitigate bias and suggests exploring more refined data processing methods and algorithmic adjustments for enhanced model fairness and accuracy in facial recognition technologies.
Novel NH4V4O10-Reduced Graphene Oxide Cathodes for Zinc-Ion Batteries: Theoretical Predictions and Experimental Validation
Authors: Lin He , Liu Chenfan , Zhang Yu
Published: June 2024

This investigation explores the potential of enhancing aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) through the introduction of a novel cathode material, NH4V4O10 (NVO), combined with reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Utilizing Density Functional Theory (DFT), it was hypothesized that the incorpora-tion of rGO would increase the interlayer spacing of NVO and diminish the charge transfer in-teractions, thus promoting enhanced diffusion of Zn2+ ions. These theoretical predictions were substantiated by experimental data acquired from hydrothermal synthesis, which indicated a marked increase in interlayer spacing. Significantly, the NVO-rGO composite exhibits remarkable cyclic durability, maintaining 95% of its initial specific capacity of 507 mAh g−1 after 600 cycles at a current density of 5 A g−1. The electrochemical performance of NVO-rGO not only surpasses that of pristine NVO but also outperforms the majority of existing vanadium oxide cathode materials reported in the literature. This study underscores the effective integration of theoretical insights and experimental validation, contributing to the advancement of high-performance energy storage technologies.
Impact of Twig-Tip Dieback on Leaf Nutrient Status and Resorption Efficiency of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Trees
Authors: Asis Constancio Aguipo , Niscioli Alan
Published: June 2024

Mineral nutrition is essential for plant growth and interaction of plants with biotic and abiotic stresses. Mango twig-tip dieback (MTTD) is a new type of mango decline, but its impact on the trees’ mineral nutrition is unknown. This study was conducted to determine the effect of MTTD infection on the nutrient status, balance, and resorption efficiency (RE) of mango. Leaf nutrient concentrations and deviation from the optimum percentage (DOP) indices of ‘Kensington Pride’ (KP) mango trees with low (LD) and high (HD) levels of MTTD infections were analyzed to compare the foliar nutrition status and nutrient balance between the LD and HD trees. Moreover, the nutrient resorption efficiency of MTTD-infected dried leaves (RED) was compared with the resorption efficiency of healthy (RES) leaves of KP mangoes. The concentrations of the total Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn were lower in the HD trees than in the LD trees. But the total K content was higher in the HD trees, and its DOP index was sufficient, while the total K concentration was low and deficient level in LD trees. Moreover, DOP indices for total Ca, Mn, and Zn were less deficient in LD trees than in HD trees, and overall nutrient imbalances were exacerbated in HD trees. RED was significantly lower than RES for the total N, P, S, Cu, Fe, and Zn but significantly higher than RES for K. The study underscores the significant influence of MTTD on the mineral nutrition of KP mangoes, revealing distinct nutrient variations between trees with low and high MTTD infection levels. These findings have important implications for mango crop management, emphasizing the need for targeted nutrient interventions to address imbalances induced by MTTD and enhance the overall health and resistance of mango trees against MTTD infection.
Resolving the Collatz Conjecture: A Rigorous Proof through Inverse Discrete Dynamical Systems and Inverse Algebraic Trees
Authors: Diedrich Eduardo
Published: June 2024

This article introduces the Theory of Inverse Discrete Dynamical Systems (TIDDS), a novel methodology for modeling and analyzing discrete dynamical systems via inverse algebraic models. Key concepts such as inverse modeling, structural analysis of inverse algebraic trees, and the establishment of topological equivalences for property transfer between a system and its inverse are elucidated. Central theorems on homeomorphic invariance and topological transport validate the transfer of cardinal attributes between dynamic representations, offering a fresh perspective on complex system analysis. A significant application presented is an alternative proof of the Collatz Conjecture, achieved by constructing an associated inverse model and leveraging analytical property transfers within the inverted tree structure. This work not only demonstrates the theory's capability to address and solve open problems in discrete dynamics but also suggests vast implications for expanding our understanding of such systems.
Age-Dependent Changes in Protist and Fungal Microbiota in a Peruvian Cattle Genetic Nucleus
Authors: Estrada Richard , Romero Yolanda , Quilcate Carlos , Dipaz Deisy , Alejos-Asencio Carol S. , Leon Silvia , Alvarez-García Wuesley Yusmein , Rojas Diorman , Alvarado Wigoberto , Maicelo Jorge L. , Arbizu Carlos I.
Published: June 2024

In this study, we investigated the relationship between age and microbial diversity in cattle, revealing significant changes in both protist diversity and fungal microbiota composition with age. Using fecal samples from 21 Simmental cattle, we analyzed microbial communities through 18S rRNA gene sequencing. Results indicated significant differences in alpha protist diversity among the three age groups, while fungal composition varied notably with age and was linked to hematological parameters. Despite the stability of fungal alpha diversity, compositional changes suggest the gut as a stable niche for microbial colonization influenced by diet, clinical parameters, and microbial interactions. All cattle were maintained on a consistent diet, tailored to meet specific nutritional needs of each age group. These findings emphasize the importance of understanding age-related microbial dynamics to enhance livestock management and animal health, contributing to broader ecological and biomedical research. However, the study was limited by the lack of comprehensive metabolic analyses correlating microbiota changes with specific age-related variations, indicating a need for further research in this area.
Securing IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Address Resolution with Voucher-Based Addressing
Authors: Puhl Zachary T , Guo Jinhua
Published: June 2024

The majority of local IPv6 networks continue to remain insecure and vulnerable to neighbor spoofing attacks. The Secure Neighbor Discovery (SEND) standard and its concomitant Cryptographically Generated Addressing (CGA) scheme were accepted by large standards bodies to codify practical mitigations. SEND and CGA have never seen widespread adoption due to their complexities, obscurity, costs, compatibility issues, and continued lack of mature implementations. In light of their poor adoption, research since their standardization has continued to find new perspectives and proffer new ideas. The orthodox solutions for securing Neighbor Discovery have historically struggled to successfully harmonize three core ideals: simplicity, flexibility, and privacy preservation. This research introduces Voucher-Based Addressing, a low-configuration, low-cost, and high-impact alternative to IPv6 address generation methods. It secures the Neighbor Discovery address resolution process while remaining simple, highly adaptable, indistinguishable, and privacy-focused. Applying a unique concoction of cryptographic key derivation functions, link-layer address binding, and neighbor consensus on the parameters of address generation, resolved address bindings are verifiable without the need for complex techniques that have hindered the adoption of canonical specifications.
Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Multiparty Elections Results in Malawi since 1994: A GIS-Based Study on Voting Patterns and Electoral Outcomes.
Authors: Tobias Chitani Jarves Bob , Chiziwa Wezzie , Mwanza Brave
Published: June 2024

Abstract: Since the establishment of multiparty democracy in the 1990s, Malawi has experienced significant political shifts, with elections playing a crucial role in shaping the political landscape. However, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of the spatio-temporal dynamics of election results, especially regarding voting patterns and their effects on electoral outcomes. This gap hinders political parties, politicians, and electoral stakeholders in effectively managing regional and temporal changes in voting behaviors. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are underutilized in Malawi for studying geo-graphical and temporal election data. This study utilized GIS to analyze the spatial pat-terns of election results in Malawi since the advent of multiparty democracy. By collecting geographic data on election outcomes, including vote counts, candidate performance, voter turnout, and other relevant data, the study examined how the geographic distribution of votes impacts electoral results. GIS techniques such as spatial analysis, mapping, and spatial statistics were employed to assess the data and create maps illustrating spatial patterns in Malawi's election outcomes. The study revealed that voting patterns in Malawi are significantly influenced by regional lines. These insights can inform political campaigns, voter mobilization efforts, and strategies for electoral reform.
The Impact of R&D Investment on the Performance of Portuguese Companies
Authors: Santos Ana , Bandeira Ana , Ramos Patrícia
Published: June 2024

The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of investment in Research & Development on the performance and value of companies, that is, to try to explain how R&D investment influences the companies’ performance. For this purpose, a dynamic panel data model was estimated using the Generalized Method of Moments, which made possible to measure the impact of R&D investment on performance through the Return on Operating Assets ratio for the Portuguese companies that invested the most between 2012 to 2019. The results show that the investment in R&D is not statistically significant in explaining the operating return on assets. However, the lagged financial performance in one period, the leverage, the asset turnover ratio and the accounts payable turnover show to have impact on the variable under study.
Application of Methods Detecting Xenotransplantation-Relevant Viruses for Screening German Slaughterhouse Pigs
Authors: Jhelum Hina , Kaufer Benedikt B. , Denner Joachim
Published: June 2024

Detection methods have been developed to prevent transmission of zoonotic or xenozoonotic porcine viruses after transplantation of pig organs or cells to the recipient (xenotransplantation). Eleven xenotransplantation-relevant viruses including porcine cytomegalovirus, a porcine roseolovirus (PCMV/PRV), porcine lymphotropic herpesviruses -1, -2, -3 (PLHV-1, 2, 3), porcine parvovirus (PPV), porcine circovirus 2, 3, 4 (PCV2, 3, 4), hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV3), porcine endogenous retrovirus-C (PERV-C) and recombinant PERV-A/C have been selected. In the past, several pig breeds, minipigs and genetically modified pigs generated for xenotransplantation had been analyzed using these methods. Here, spleen, liver and blood samples from 10 German slaughterhouse pigs were screened using both, PCR-based and immunological assays. Five viruses: PCMV/PRV, PLHV-1, PLHV-3 and PERV-C were found in all animals, and PCV3 in one animal. Some animals were latently infected with PCMV/PRV as only virus-specific antibodies were detected. Others were also PCR positive in spleen and/or liver, indicative of an ongoing infection. These results provide important information on the viruses that infect German slaughterhouse pigs and together with results of previous studies revealed that the methods and test strategies efficiently work under field conditions.
The Impact of Supply Chain Visibility on Marketing Strategies in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Industry
Authors: Holloway Samuel
Published: June 2024

This study explores the impact of supply chain visibility (SCV) on marketing strategies within the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry. In a rapidly evolving market characterized by complex supply chains and dynamic consumer demands, SCV offers a transformative capability by providing real-time data and insights into supply chain operations. Through semi-structured interviews with industry practitioners, the research identifies several key themes: enhanced demand forecasting, increased consumer trust through transparency, improved marketing agility, and the integration of advanced technologies. Findings suggest that SCV significantly improves the accuracy of demand forecasts by providing timely insights into inventory levels, production schedules, and market conditions. This enhanced forecasting aligns supply chain capabilities with marketing efforts, reducing stockouts and optimizing promotional activities. Moreover, SCV fosters consumer trust by enabling transparency regarding product sourcing and ethical practices, which can be effectively communicated in marketing campaigns to build brand loyalty. The agility provided by SCV allows companies to quickly adjust their marketing strategies in response to market disruptions and shifts in consumer preferences, making their campaigns more resilient and responsive. Advanced technologies such as IoT, blockchain, and analytics further enhance the benefits of SCV, providing deeper insights and more sophisticated capabilities for marketing. The study also highlights the importance of cross-functional collaboration between supply chain and marketing teams in leveraging SCV data effectively. Despite challenges such as the need for significant investment and organizational change, the advantages of SCV in enhancing marketing strategies and overall organizational performance are substantial. The research underscores SCV's critical role in shaping effective marketing strategies, offering FMCG companies a path to greater efficiency, agility, and consumer engagement in a competitive landscape.
Tunable Radiation Patterns on the Temperature-Denpendent Materials
Authors: Cheng Lin , Wu Fan , Huang Kun
Published: June 2024

The utilization of optical antennas for active control of far-field radiation at the subwavelength scale is crucial in various scientific and technological applications. We propose a thermally tunable disk design of indium tin oxide (ITO) and aluminum gallium nitride (Al0.18Ga0.82As), enabling a switch between absorption and scattering. Furthermore, the control of far-field radiation pattern can be easily realized by combining ITO and Al0.18Ga0.82As to enhance or suppress emission. Our results demonstrate that hybrid structure can be dynamically tuned with temperature variations. In the proposed design, a frequency is achieved at the epsilon-near-zero wavelength of 1240 nm. The thermal tunability of hybrid structure introduces new multifunctional possibilities for light manipulation, thereby enhancing the potential applications of new devices in the near-infrared range.
Structural Catalytic Core of the Members of the Superfamily of Acid Proteases
Authors: Denesyuk Alexander I. , Denessiouk Konstantin , Johnson Mark S. , Uversky Vladimir N.
Published: June 2024

The superfamily of Acid proteases has two catalytic aspartates for proteolysis of their peptide substrates. Here, we show a minimal structural scaffold, the Structural Catalytic Core (SCC), which packs all conserved substructure elements around the catalytic machinery, and which can be found in all enzymes of the Acid proteases superfamily. The SCC is a dimer of several structural blocks, such as the DD-link, the D-loop and the G-loop, around two catalytic aspartates in each protease subunit or within an individual chain. The dimer of two D-loop/DD-link substructures makes a DD-zone, and the dimer of two D-loop/G-loop substructures makes a psi-loop. These structural markers are useful for protein comparison, structure identification, protein family separation and protein engineering.
Voluntary Exercise Ameliorates Chronic Ethanol Withdrawal-Induced Adaptations of Opioid Receptor Expression in the Nucleus Accumbens, Dopamine Release, and Ethanol Consumption
Authors: Nelson Christina A , Brundage James N , Williams Benjamin M , Baldridge Jared K , Stockard Alyssa L , Bassett Charlton H , Burger Brandon J , Gunter Bridger T , Payne Andrew J , Yorgason Jordan T , Steffensen Scott C. , Bills Kyle B
Published: June 2024

Exercise has increasingly been recognized as an adjunctive therapy for alcohol-use disorder (AUD), yet our understanding of its underlying neurological mechanisms remains limited. This knowledge gap impedes the development of evidence-based exercise guidelines for AUD treatment. Chronic ethanol (EtOH) exposure has been shown to upregulate and sensitize kappa opioid receptors (KORs) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), which is innervated by dopamine (DA) neurons in the midbrain ventral tegmental area (VTA), which may contribute to AUD-related behaviors. In this study, we investigated the impact of voluntary exercise in EtOH-dependent mice on EtOH consumption, KOR and DOR expression in the NAc and VTA, and functional effects on EtOH-induced alterations in DA release in the NAc. Our findings reveal that voluntary exercise reduces EtOH consumption, reduces KOR and enhances DOR expression in the NAc, and modifies EtOH-induced adaptations in DA release, suggesting a competitive interaction between exercise-induced and EtOH-induced alterations in KOR expression. We also found changes to DOR expression in the NAc and VTA with voluntary exercise but no significant changes to DA release. These findings elucidate the complex interplay of AUD-related neurobiological processes, highlighting the potential for exercise as a therapeutic intervention for AUD.
Analysis of Tourists’ Perception of the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve
Authors: Soare Ionica , Zugravu Constanta Laura , Drasovean Romana , Zugravu Gheorghe Adrian
Published: June 2024

Traditional Romanian food products are an integral part of local culture and spirituality. These food traditions have been formed over the centuries and represent a particularly important part for the development of a circular economy in rural areas. In order to contribute to the development of this sector of activity; we conducted a study on consumer perception of traditional Romanian food products. The purpose of this work was to identify the structure of the studies and the future directions of research related to the image of traditional food products through the bibliometric study as well as the identification of consumer trends of these products through a survey based on the questionnaire. The results obtained indicate that traditional Romanian food products are consumed by the majority of respondents participating in the survey and that this sector of activity has continuity in its development and presents a clear interest among citizens.
A Study on the Performance of B&B Operations Is Conducted in Taiwan
Authors: Hsu Chien-Tai , Yao Kai-Chao , Ma Pei-Chi
Published: June 2024

Taiwan's bed and breakfast (B&B) development has been more than 25 years ago, from the first generation of retirement to the B&B industry, serving tourists from all over the world accom-modation, providing breakfast and accommodation mode to the present, after the change of employees from the second generation, more and more attention is paid to the cultivation and cultivation of business ability. With the advent of the era of AI technology networking, the ca-pabilities required for B&B operation are more focused on all aspects of service, and the good marketing ability of B&B can promote a green chimney-free tourism economy, which is also a favorite industry of various governments and the public. This study explores the basic vocational competency indicators required for running a B&B, with (1)EQ emotion management skills, (2)Financial management ability, (3)(SK) technical skills, and (4)Marketing and promotion management capabilities. Through the study method, the K-S Z test was determined by the con-sensus conclusion of expert reliability and validity p value
COVID-19 Disease during Pregnancy. Gestational Duration and Fetal Weight: Two Understudied Adverse Outcomes
Authors: Pérez-Medina Tirso , Garcia-Benasach Fatima , Royuela Ana , Gomez-Manrique Ana , García-Cardoso Marta , Chaves Pilar , Pereira Augusto
Published: June 2024

Abstract: (1) Background: to find out how COVID-19 infection during pregnancy affects the outcome of the pregnancy; (2) Methods: 166 SARS-CoV-2-positive pregnant women formed the study group. 128 SARS-CoV-2-negative pregnant women formed the control group. Anatomopathological study of the placenta was performed in all cases; (3) Results: Placental insufficiency appeared in 38 patients (22.9%) of the study group and in 17 patients (13.2%) in the control group (p=0.016). Villitis appeared in 50 patients (30.1%) of the study group and in 16 (12.6%) in the control group (p=0.000). 166 COVID-19 positive patients were further subdivided, into those with anatomopathological affection of the placenta, and those without. When gestational age between patients with placental insufficiency and those without it are compared, a difference of 4.38 days is obtained (p=0.0393). If we compare neonatal weight between patients with placental insufficiency and those without it, a difference of 406.4 grams is obtained (p=0.0000). When gestational age between patients with villitis and those with-out it are compared, a difference of 3.2 days is found (p=0.0919). When neonatal weight between patients with villitis and those without it are compared, a difference of 242.2 grams is obtained (p=0.0018). (4) Conclusions: COVID-19 infection during pregnancy may produce lower fetal weight and shorter gestational length.
Commutative Encryption and Reversible Watermarking Algorithm for Vector Maps Based on Virtual Coordinates
Authors: Dai Qianyi , Wu Baiyan , Liu Fanshuo , Bu Zixuan , Zhang Haodong
Published: June 2024

The combination of encryption and digital watermarking technologies is a trend to achieve full lifecycle data protection. Recently, reversible data hiding in encrypted domain (RDHED) has greatly aroused the interests of many scholars. But the fixed order of first encryption and then watermarking makes this kind of algorithms unsuitable to many applications. Commutative encryption and watermarking (CEW) technology realizes the flexible combination of encryption and watermarking, and suits more applications. However, most existing CEW schemes for vector maps are not reversible and unsuitable to high precision maps. To solve this problem, here we propose a commutative encryption and reversible watermarking (CERW) algorithm for vector maps based on virtual coordinates which are uniformly distributed on the number axis. The CERW algorithm consists of virtual interval step based encryption scheme and coordinate difference based reversible watermarking scheme. In the encryption scheme, the map coordinates are moved randomly by multiples of virtual interval step defined as distance between two adjacent virtual coordinates. In the reversible watermarking scheme, difference expansion (DE) technique is used to embed the watermark bit into the coordinate difference computed based on the relative position of a map coordinate in a virtual interval. Since the relative position of a map coordinate in a virtual interval keeps unchanged during the coordinate scrambling encryption process, the watermarking operation and the encryption operation don’t interfere with each other and the commutativity between encryption and watermarking achieves. Results show that: proposed method has high security, high capacity and good invisibility. In addition, the algorithm is not only applicable to polyline and polygon vector data, but also can be applied to sparsely distributed point data which the traditional DE watermarking algorithm often fails to watermark.
Analysis of Wind Speed Extrapolation and Wind Power Density Assessment in Tetuan City
Authors: EL KHACHINE HOUDA , MOHAMED HATIM OUAHABI , TAOUKIL DRISS
Published: June 2024

Vertical wind speed extrapolation is a commonly used method that involves estimating wind speeds at various heights based on measurements taken at a specific height. In this study, we compared the short-and long-term extrapolation methods of wind parameters using data collected on site by anemometers at two different heights. We assessed the accuracy of these methods by calculating the statistical indicators for performance evaluation, and then determined the most appropriate model for the two types of vertical extrapolation. Additionally, we evaluated energy potential characteristics, as well as the statistical analysis of wind speed distribution and wind power density based on the Weibull and Rayleigh distribution. Our results indicated that the power law is the most suitable model for the short-term method, while the modified Mikhail model is the most appropriate for long-term extrapolation. We also found that the wind potential of this area is favorable for wind turbine integration.
Self Images: An Empirical Enquiry into Rembrandt’s Self-portraits and Portraits
Authors: Bettelheim Eric , Liu Jingyi , Dazzan Paola , Turkheimer Federico
Published: June 2024

Many have speculated that events of personal and financial loss in Rembrandt’s life caused depression and that this is revealed by examination of his self-portraits particularly those painted in old age. Some report detecting various physiological diseases associated with aging, including vision impairment, which may have affected his mood and work. Aging and neurodegenerative disease which often accompanies it, are both associated with depression. Recent advances in imaging and computer technology make it possible to empirically examine changes in artistic style which can contribute to understanding artists’ physical and mental health. In the current study changes in contrast, colour and fractal dimension were measured in the entire corpus of Rembrandt’s painted self-portraits and portraits to determine whether changes in style indicate depression or disease. Productivity was also examined as an indirect indicator. Given the high salience attributed to self-images, it also examined whether differences in style could be detected between self-portraits and portraits of related and unrelated others. The results indicate that it is unlikely that Rembrandt suffered from unipolar or bipolar depression, age-related cognitive decline, or neurodegenerative disease. The data are consistent with someone experiencing episodes of low mood consistent with normal grieving and adversity followed by resilient recovery. There is evidence of a gradient in saliency and complexity between self-portraits and related and unrelated portraits, of a less formal style in portraits of related others and of a ‘late’ style identified by leading art historians consistent with macular degeneration. The results are also consistent with an association of aesthetic preference with mid-level fractal values tending towards the Golden Mean long associated with beauty in nature and in art.
Guardians Under Siege: Exploring Pollution's effects on Human Immunity
Authors: Drago Gaspare , Aloi Noemi , Ruggieri Silvia , Longo Alessandra , Contrino Maria Lia , Contarino Fabio Massimo , Cibella Fabio , Colombo Paolo , Longo Valeria
Published: June 2024

Chemical pollution poses a significant threat to human health, with detrimental effects on various physiological systems, including the respiratory, cardiovascular, mental, and perinatal domains. While the impact of pollution on these systems has been extensively studied, the intricate relationship between chemical pollution and immunity remains a critical area of investigation. The focus of this study is to elucidate the relationship between chemical pollution and human immunity. To accomplish this task, this study presents a comprehensive review that encompasses in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies, shedding light on the ways in which chemical pollution can modulate human immunity. Our aim is to unveil the complex mechanisms by which environmental contaminants compromise the delicate balance of the body's defence systems going beyond the well-established associations with defence system delving into the less-explored link between chemical exposure and various immune disorders, adding urgency to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and their implications for public health.
Continuous Casting Preparation Process of Helical Fiber Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites
Authors: Yang Hui , Chang Ming , Wu Chun jing
Published: June 2024

The continuous casting process of helical fiber reinforced metal matrix composites was proposed, and the experimental equipment was designed and manufactured. The relationship model be-tween the process parameters and the helical shape of the fibers in the metal matrix is analyzed by differential geometry. Helical carbon fiber reinforced lead matrix composites were prepared under different conditions. When the melting temperature and cooling intensity were increased, the helical radius of helical carbon fiber in lead matrix was increased. When the fiber rotation speed was increased, the helical radius was decreased, and the helical pitch was de-creased proportionally. The experimental results are consistent with the process model. Carbon fiber rein-forced aluminum composites were prepared. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the infiltration between the aluminum matrix and the carbon fiber was not complete. As the volume fraction of carbon fiber which was added in composites is too small, the mechanical properties of the composites have not been significantly improved.
Ultrafast Brain MRI at 3 T for MS: Evaluation of a 51-Second Deep-Learning-Enhanced T2-EPI-FLAIR Sequence
Authors: Schuhholz Martin , Ruff Christer , Bürkle Eva , Feiweier Thorsten , Clifford Bryan , Kowarik Markus , Bender Benjamin
Published: June 2024

Magnetic resonance (MR) image acquisitions are usually time-consuming, limiting utilization in neuroimaging. For multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, MR imaging plays a major role in drug therapy decision-making. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether an ultrafast, T2-weighted (T2w), deep-learning-enhanced (DL), echo-planar-imaging-based (EPI) fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence (FLAIRUF) that has been targeting neurological emergencies so far might even be an option to detect MS lesions of the brain compared to conventional FLAIR sequences. Therefore, 17 MS patients were enrolled prospectively in this exploratory study. Standard MR protocols and ultrafast acquisitions were conducted at 3 tesla (T), including three-dimensional (3D)-FLAIR, turbo/fast spin echo (TSE)-FLAIR, and FLAIRUF. Inflammatory lesions were grouped by size and location. Lesion conspicuity and image quality were rated on an ordinal five-point Likert scale, and lesion detection rates were calculated. Statistical analyses were performed to compare results. Altogether, 568 different lesions were found. Data indicated no significant differences in lesion detection (sensitivity and positive predictive value [PPV]) between FLAIRUF and axially reconstructed 3D-FLAIR (lesion size ≥ 3 mm × ≥ 2 mm) and no differences in sensitivity between FLAIRUF and TSE-FLAIR (lesion size ≥ 3 mm total). Lesion conspicuity in FLAIRUF was similar in all brain regions except for superior conspicuity in the occipital lobe and inferior conspicuity in central brain regions. Further findings include location-dependent limitations of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) as well as artifacts such as spatial distortions in FLAIRUF. In conclusion, FLAIRUF could potentially be an expedient alternative to conventional methods for brain imaging in MS patients since the acquisition can be performed in a fraction of time while maintaining good image quality.
Maximizing Green Building Efficiency: Innovations for Sustainable Constructions
Authors: Abruzzese Luigi , Bilotta Massimo , Carzaniga Michela , Ciriello Arianna , D'Ambrosio Danilo , Di Santo Manuela , Giorgione Federica , Leo Paquale , Maiello Antonietta , Mainiero Patrizia , Melito Raffaele , Vicari Annamaria
Published: June 2024

The construction sector is a paradigm shift into the sustainable era to solve environmental issues, combat global warming. And the reflection of this is on Green Buildings where energy savings, cost savings, occupant comfort takes priority. The idea of green building efficiency merges sophisticated technologies, creative architectural design templates, and reusable materials into the whole life cycle of a building process in order to render minimum environmental impact. The pilot project of The National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV) - Irpinia headquarters, illustrates in this context, innovative technologies of energy transition with a photovoltaic parking with geothermal piles. The project is consistent with the concepts of Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (NZEBs), directed to a high energy performance and very low environmental impact. Incorporating geothermal piles is a major area of advancement in sustainable building ideas that use the Earth's natural heat to create an energy efficient solution in heating and cooling. Project Goals – The project aims to install emission free renewable cleaning energy cost-effective clean production and increase energy efficiency, reduce CO2 emissions and energy security. For this purpose this paper, using as a support the PVGis software, evaluates the potential produced with the photovoltaic system installed in the canopies. With the help of this analysis, it is feasible to determine the amount of electricity produced as well as the system's amortization based on the excess energy sent to the public grid. The project is regarded as creative from the standpoints of energy given the use of geothermal and photovoltaic systems, as well as from an architectural and design perspective due to the use of novel materials. This all-encompassing strategy establishes INGV as a pioneer in the promotion of environmentally friendly technologies and shows a dedication to sustainability and energy efficiency.