bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reabilitação estético-funcional de incisivos laterais conoides e dentes anterossuperiores usando facetas cerâmicas: relato de caso com acompanhamento de um ano
Authors: Dallarmi Lais Bueno , Brito Paula Orlana Alves , Castro Eduardo Fernandes de , Oliveira Wilmar Porfírio de , Castro Fernanda Maria de
Published: April 2024

Introdução: Os incisivos conoides são dentes cuja largura incisal mesiodistal é menor do que a largura cervical. Devido à significativa diminuição da estrutura dentária, é comum a migração distal dos incisivos centrais superiores e consequente formação de diastemas. A presença da guia de desoclusão em caninos é preconizada nas reabilitações, por promover contato único entre os caninos superior e inferior no lado de trabalho, com ausência de movimentos horizontais deletérios. Para se realizar a reconstrução estética do sorriso, as cerâmicas odontológicas apresentam alta resistência e propriedades ópticas que se assemelham às dos dentes naturais. Objetivo: O objetivo deste artigo é relatar a reabilitação estética e funcional de dentes anterossuperiores e incisivos laterais conoides, e o estabelecimento de guia de desoclusão em caninos usando facetas e fragmentos cerâmicos. Relato de caso: Durante a anamnese, a paciente do sexo feminino, com 25 anos de idade, queixou-se de “dentes pontiagudos”. Ao exame clínico, verificou-se: presença de incisivos laterais superiores conoides, diastema entre incisivos centrais superiores, e ausência de guia em caninos. Após planejamento digital do sorriso, foram realizados clareamento dental de consultório, moldagem de estudo e enceramento diagnóstico. Após confecção de mock-up e aprovação da paciente, foram realizados preparos dentários e moldagem de trabalho. As cerâmicas de dissilicato de lítio foram confeccionadas e provadas em boca. Seguiu-se com a cimentação e posteriores ajustes oclusais, acabamento e polimento. Conclusão: Após um ano de acompanhamento clínico, conclui-se que o tratamento executado proporcionou um sorriso natural, integrando estética e função.
Individualizar o tratamento: fato ou fake?
Authors: Aranha Ana Cecilia
Published: April 2024

Desde o período da graduação em Odontologia, somos instruídos e preparados com o objetivo de nos tornarmos profissionais providos de técnicas aperfeiçoadas e, ao mesmo tempo, para estarmos comprometidos a nos mantermos informados sobre os constantes desenvolvimentos relativos à ciência, aos materiais e às tecnologias que surgem e evoluem com o tempo. Ao longo desses muitos anos ensinando sobre Dentística e Lasers, sempre estive atenta a esses fatores; afinal, quem não quer um aluno que domine os requisitos técnicos daquela disciplina e execute o procedimento clínico em seus pacientes com excelência?
As propriedades de resinas para impressão 3D de restaurações de longa duração superam as de uso provisório?
Authors: Schneider Luis Felipe Jochims , Pinho Marcos Gabriel Vianna de , Borges Marina Wermelinger , Almeida Eloah Nunes de , Campos Karina de Paula Lopes , Lourenço Eduardo José Veras , Cavalcante Larissa Maria Assad
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: O presente estudo objetivou determinar se as resinas para impressão de restaurações definitivas apresentam propriedades superiores às de uso provisório. Material e Métodos: Foram avaliadas as resinas ResiLab 3D (Wilcos), BioProv (Makertech), NanoLab 3D (Wilcos) e BioCrown (Makertech). A caracterização química foi realizada por espectroscopia de infravermelho (FTIR) e o grau de conversão foi calculado após fotoativação com um aparelho emissor de luz por 40s no modo standard (Valo, Ultradent). Amostras em formatos de disco (10 x 2mm, n = 5) e barra (25 x 2 x 2 mm, n = 10) foram obtidas por impressão, lavagem e pós-cura (90 min). A resistência flexural foi determinada por ensaio de três pontos. A rugosidade (Ra), o brilho e a cor (L,a,b para CIEDE2000) foram medidos antes e após escovação (10.000 ciclos). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e ao teste de Tukey (95%). Resultados: A resina Nanolab 3D apresentou os maiores valores de conversão. As resinas para uso temporário apresentaram valores intermediários de resistência flexural (ResiLab=91±3; BioProv=89±3); a BioCrown, os valores mais elevados (99±2); e a Nanolab 3D, os menores valores (62±6). Não houve diferença para a rugosidade antes do processo de escovação. Após a escovação, a BioCrown apresentou a menor rugosidade. Quanto ao brilho, não houve diferença antes e após o processo de escovação para as resinas temporárias (ResiLab 3D = 34,9±5,6 / 39,1 ±2,0; BioProv = 30,8±5,9 / 33,7±9,2). Para uso definitivo, houve redução de brilho para a NanoLab 3D (30,8±5,9 antes; 19,8±2,3 após) e aumento para a BioCrown (18,2±6,9 antes; 35,6±5,1 após). A resina NanoLab 3D apresentou a maior variação de cor. Conclusões: As resinas para impressão de restaurações de longa duração podem apresentar propriedades superiores àquelas para uso provisório, dependendo da marca usada.
A gestão da carreira profissional na Odontologia
Authors: Estrela Carlos
Published: April 2024

A correta gestão da carreira profissional na Odontologia constitui um dos fatores determinantes de sucesso na vida do indivíduo. A reflexão inicial quanto à excelência na carreira profissional bem-sucedida envolve quatro categorias de análise, incluindo: a formação humana, as competências adquiridas na graduação/pós-graduação, o foco e o engajamento profissional e, por fim, o referencial do mercado de trabalho. Uma boa base de formação humana sempre será o alicerce para uma sólida construção da carreira profissional. Todo membro da governança educacional de um país deveria entender que a educação básica do indivíduo é essencial, e é o que alimenta toda a cadeia para a consolidação de uma carreira profissional bem-sucedida, seja qual for o nível.
Necrose pulpar asséptica como causa de lesão periapical crônica em dente com subluxação dentária
Authors: Consolaro Alberto , Almeida Tereza Jacy da Silva , Intra Joao Batista Gagno
Published: April 2024

Introdução: O escurecimento dentário pode ser o primeiro sinal clínico de necrose pulpar asséptica, confirmada por testes de sensibilidade. Imagiologicamente, em exames a cada três meses, pode-se detectar precocemente as consequências da necrose pulpar asséptica não diagnosticada e tratada, como o desenvolvimento de lesão periapical crônica e reabsorções apicais externas inflamatórias. Objetivo: A partir de um caso clínico clássico, objetivou-se ressaltar a importância do traumatismo dentário tipo subluxação e concussão como causa da necrose pulpar asséptica e, se não diagnosticada e tratada, de lesões periapicais crônicas. Caso clínico: Paciente com 14 anos de idade, praticante de basquetebol, o qual, após um ano da subluxação, detectou a lesão periapical crônica com reabsorção apical externa inflamatória, além de um discreto escurecimento coronário. Conclusão: Com a adoção de um protocolo para acompanhamento e controle clínico, pode-se interceptar a maior parte das consequências dos traumatismos dentários tipo concussão e subluxação, especialmente quando o diagnóstico é feito o mais precocemente possível.
Reanatomização minimamente invasiva dos dentes anterossuperiores com resina composta: relato de caso clínico
Authors: Castro Eduardo Fernandes de , Brito Paula Orlana Alves , Borges Gustavo Silva , Giannini Marcelo , Castro Fernanda Maria de
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Relatar um caso clínico de reanatomização dos dentes anterossuperiores com resina composta, utilizando técnicas minimamente invasivas. Relato de caso: O paciente relatou insatisfação com a cor e o formato dos dentes #21 e #22, ausência de guia canina direita, guia anterior apenas no dente #11 e um comprimento reduzido da maioria dos dentes anteriores. Foi realizado um clareamento em consultório com peróxido de hidrogênio (PH) a 37% e clareamento caseiro com PH a 10%. Após o escaneamento intrabucal, realizou-se um enceramento digital, que foi impresso para confecção de um mock-up com resina bisacrílica, para aprovação do paciente. Quatorze dias após o clareamento, a resina do dente #21 foi removida com laser de Er:YAG e, após isolamento absoluto dos dentes, realizou-se condicionamento com ácido fosfórico a 37%, sistema adesivo convencional de três passos e restaurações com resina composta nano-híbrida. Resultados: O laser permitiu a remoção conservadora da resina antiga. A restauração com resina composta nos dentes #13 e #21 restabeleceu as guias de desoclusão. O clareamento dentário, juntamente às restaurações de resina composta, aprimorou esteticamente a cor e o formato do sorriso. Conclusões: O tratamento com remoção conservadora de resina composta com laser de Er:YAG, clareamento dentário e restauração direta com resina composta produziu um sorriso funcional e estético para o paciente.
Alteração estética do sorriso associando Periodontia e Dentística em paciente com doença não cariosa: relato de caso com acompanhamento de 12 meses
Authors: Soares Michelle Pereira Costa Mundim , Figueiredo Rodrigo Silveira Tosta , Andrade Marli Daniela de , Soares Paulo Vinícius
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: O objetivo deste relato de caso é ilustrar para o cirurgião-dentista uma visão integrada de uma abordagem segura e com ótimo resultado estético, em um caso de aumento da coroa clínica associado com restaurações em resina composta. Relato de Caso: Após realização do exame tomográfico, constatou-se a possibilidade de se remover aproximadamente 3mm de tecido gengival. Portanto, decidiu-se pela realização de um aumento da coroa clínica. Sete dias após o procedimento, os pontos foram removidos, permitindo que o paciente começasse o clareamento dental e os procedimentos restauradores, para se obter uma melhor estética do sorriso, visto que ele apresentava desgastes por vestibular e incisal na estrutura dos dentes anteriores, devido ao hábito de ingerir alimentos ácidos. Foi diagnosticada uma doença não cariosa, resultante do hábito alimentar, o paciente foi orientado e as restaurações estéticas foram realizadas. Resultado: Após 12 meses, as restaurações apresentam estabilidade de cor e forma, assim como as características do esmalte dentário, comprovando a importância da mudança de hábito na longevidade do procedimento reabilitador e das estruturas dentárias.
Hip Hop, Social Reproduction, and the Possible Selves of Young Black Men
Authors: Robinson Shantá
Published: April 2024

Twenty-seven years ago, the documentary Hoop Dreams solidified a theory—that the world of athletics was one of the few places where adolescent Black males could find success. By the late 1990s, researchers were framing athletics as the next direction in the Civil Rights Movement.
In this article, I argue that the historical framing of Black boys in athletics—as a way up, a way out—is similar to the contemporary framing of Black boys in Hip Hop Based Education (HHBE). Using an ethnographic case example of the Homeboys, a group of adolescent Black males experiencing homelessness, I maintain that HHBE, without critical implementation and reflection, limits the possible selves of Black boys in socially reproductive ways. Unlike Hoop Dreams, which historically created an incentive to stay invested in formal educational settings, HHBE offers little “possible selves” development for young Black men. This research asserts that if HHBE, and the myriad ways
Hip Hop is taken up in formal and informal educational settings is not dually paired with the critical process of institutional actors envisioning all the possible selves that black boys can become, then it becomes another hegemonic socially reproductive tool wielded by educators.
THE MODELING OF FIVE-TIERED STRUCTURES IN THE FORM OF HYPERBOLOIDS OF ROTATION AND CHANGES IN LOADS ON NODAL FASTENERS
Authors: Kushchev I.E. , Romanchenko D.A.
Published: April 2024

This article studies hyperboloids of rotation (such as the Shukhov tower) made of polymer structures. Laboratory studies were conducted to model the deformations of this type of structures; to study physical loads on polymer elements, depending on the number of mesh shell elements in the diameter of the hyperboloid rotation tier; and to study the deformation of the material of the mesh shell joints. The data show the physical features of such structures and possible changes in the loads in structures made of polymer materials. The article presents the results of studies on the change of loads on nodal fasteners depending on the number of elements forming the tier and the resulting deformations in the lower, middle, and upper nodal joints of the tier elements. It shows the deformation and the resistance of structural elements and other processes with changes in loads. It studies the distribution of loads along the nodal connection of the hyperboloid of rotation, improving these nodal connections and studies changes in loads on joints depending on the number of elements of the tier, their position and the possibility of replacing metal elements with polymer ones.
RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF LIME COMPOSITIONS WITH POLYSACCHARIDES ADDITIVES
Authors: Loganina V.I. , Pronin I.A. , Karmanov A.A. , Filinova M.I.
Published: April 2024

Lime compositions with polysaccharide additives are being studied. The results are aimed at creating a new lime plaster composition with improved performance properties. Materials and methods. Standard methods for studying rheological and technological properties were used. Results. The influence of polysaccharides on changes in the rheological properties of lime compositions has been established. It has been established that the introduction of a polysaccharide additive (hydroxyethylcellulose) helps to accelerate the development of plastic strength. The results of infrared spectroscopy indicate a higher content of calcite in the sample with the addition of polysaccharide. The absence of chemical interaction between lime and polysaccharides has been established. Conclusions. The introduction of polysaccharide additives promotes the formation of a structure that improves the performance properties of the lime composite.
QUANTITATIVE REGULATION IN HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEMS
Authors: Panferov S.V. , Panferov V.I.
Published: April 2024

The quantitative regulation of the heat supply process has a number of significant advantages and is widely used abroad. This method of regulation is also used in the Russian Federation. At the same time, the algorithmization of quantitative regulation is currently still quite problematic and requires further development. For example, the literature data on the algorithm proposed by E.Ya. Sokolov are characterized by the “omission” of the procedures of inference and justification, which is particularly undesirable for educational applications. In addition, the algorithm does not work across the entire range of thermal loads (outside temperatures). Purpose of the study. To develop an algorithm for quantitative regulation in terms of its subsequent use as part of the algorithmic support of an automated control system (ACS) for heat supply. Materials and methods. Literature data on the issue under consideration was analyzed. Using models of heating systems and heat losses of buildings, we compiled a balance equation that makes it possible to find the necessary coolant flow for heating. Results. A detailed substantiation and derivation of the algorithm for quantitative regulation of heat supply according to the heating load is proposed, and its characteristics were analyzed. The conditions for the physical feasibility of heating are taken into account. The algorithm as a whole is represented by a two-interval formula; in the second range of outdoor temperatures, the heat carrier flow rate is calculated based on the condition that the return water temperature should be noticeably higher than the indoor air temperature of the heated premises. However, when regulating the heat carrier flow in the second interval, an overestimated power of the heating system will be observed, i. e. some overshoot is possible. It is shown that with an increase in the minimum allowable value of the return water temperature, the range of outdoor temperatures in which regulation is possible in the first interval (ideal regulation without overflow) noticeably narrows, and when the water temperature in the supply line decreases, conversely, it expands. Conclusion. The results of the work can be used to develop algorithmic support for automated control systems for heat supply.
La fuerza del pensamiento débil. El último homenaje a Gianni Vattimo en el verano de su muerte
Authors: Toro Murillo Alejandra
Published: April 2024

Este libro, La fuerza del pensamiento débil, tiene como especial propósito rendir homenaje a la vida y pensamiento del filósofo italiano Gianni Vattimo (1936-2023), para lo cual se han reunido trabajos de veinticinco profesores e investigadores, que honran su persona y su legado. La mayor parte de los textos son resultado de las aportaciones realizadas en el Congreso internacional de ontología estética y política, organizado por el Seminario Vattimo-Hercritia-Uned, el Decanato de la Facultad de Filosofía, el Departamento de Ética y Filosofía Política y el Departamento de Filosofía de la Uned, que se celebró con ocasión del cuadragésimo aniversario de la publicación de una de las principales obras de la filosofía vattimiana, Il pensiero debole (1983), y se realizó entre el 11 y el 15 de julio de 2023. Resaltamos en su subtítulo que este libro es «El último homenaje a Gianni Vattimo en el verano de su muerte», pues el congreso al que nos referimos tuvo lugar en Madrid, estando Vattimo en vida y alegre de sabernos reunidos en torno a su obra. Un mes después, Vattimo ingresaría delicado al Hospital del Rivoli en Turín, en donde permaneció convaleciente hasta su muerte el 19 de septiembre. Otros de los textos que aparecen aquí corresponden a las intervenciones ofrecidas en el Seminario en torno a la obra de Vattimo, realizado como homenaje póstumo al filósofo en la Unam, Ciudad de México, entre el 21 y 23 de noviembre. Algunos textos más provienen de otros investigadores cercanos a la obra de Vattimo y a Hercritia, pues cabe destacar aquí, que este libro es resultado del trabajo colectivo y mancomunado de la Cátedra Internacional en Hermenéutica y Estética Críticas, Hercritia, una red de investigadores de Europa y Latinoamérica, de la cual Vattimo ha sido presidente hasta su fallecimiento. En tanto que Hercritia no solo es uno de los hogares intelectuales de Vattimo, sino también uno de sus preciosos regalos a la filosofía, este libro, entonces, intenta honrarlo desde la seriedad que implica el compromiso filosófico académico con su obra y la admiración y la amistad hacia su persona.
Za Günterem Figalem
Authors: Karfík Filip
Published: April 2024

Obituary
Supererogace neohrožuje morální evolucionismus
Authors: Dominik Martin
Published: April 2024

Discussion
Jak Anaximandros pozoroval vážky
Authors: Tureček Petr
Published: April 2024

Discussion
Bibliografie ke Karlu Jaspersovi
Authors: Dostál Václav
Published: April 2024

Bibliography
Aristotelés, Etika Eudémova
Authors: Špinka František
Published: April 2024

Book review: Aristotelés, Etika Eudémova, Praha (Dybbuk), transl. Viktor Zavřel – Jan Brázdil, 2020, 168 p.
Konference Faces of Nature in Contemporary Phenomenology: Challenges of Ecological Ethics and Philosophy of Nature
Authors: Jobbiková Jana
Published: April 2024

Conference report
Co je skutečné? Ke Kantovu pojetí skutečnosti
Authors: Karásek Jindřich
Published: April 2024

The aim of this essay is to investigate various attempts at possible answers regarding the question of what is real. The basic assumption is that Kant had provided a philosophical theory of a kind such that it allows this question to be answered in a novel way. In order to show that, the philosophical conceptions of his predecessors are investigated: the metaphysical concept of A. G. Baumgarten on the one hand, the empirical concept of D. Hume on the other. The main result of the investigation is that, according to Kant, we can take something to be real only insofar as it is in a relationship to ourselves.
Jacobian determinants for nonlinear gradient of planar ∞-harmonic functions and applications
Authors: Dong Hongjie , Peng Fa , Zhang Yi Ru-Ya , Zhou Yuan
Published: April 2024

We introduce a distributional Jacobian determinant

det

D
⁢

V
β

⁢

(

D
⁢
v

)

\det DV_{\beta}(Dv)

in dimension two for the nonlinear complex gradient

V
β

⁢

(

D
⁢
v

)

=

|

D
⁢
v

|

β

⁢

(

v

x
1

,

−

v

x
2

)

V_{\beta}(Dv)=\lvert Dv\rvert^{\beta}(v_{x_{1}},-v_{x_{2}})

for any

β
>

−
1

\beta>-1

, whenever

v
∈

W
loc

1
,
2

v\in W^{1\smash{,}2}_{\mathrm{loc}}

and

β
⁢

|

D
⁢
v

|

1
+
β

∈

W
loc

1
,
2

\beta\lvert Dv\rvert^{1+\beta}\in W^{1\smash{,}2}_{\mathrm{loc}}

.
This is new when

β
≠
0

\beta\neq 0

.
Given any planar ∞-harmonic function 𝑢, we show that such distributional Jacobian determinant

det

D
⁢

V
β

⁢

(

D
⁢
u

)

\det DV_{\beta}(Du)

is a nonnegative Radon measure with some quantitative local lower and upper bounds.
We also give the following two applications.

Applying this result with

β
=
0

\beta=0

, we develop an approach to build up a Liouville theorem, which improves that of Savin.
Precisely, if 𝑢 is an ∞-harmonic function in the whole

R
2

\mathbb{R}^{2}

with

lim inf

R
→
∞

inf

c
∈
R

1
R

⁢

⨍

B
⁢

(
0
,
R
)

|

u
⁢

(
x
)

−
c

|

⁢

d
x

<
∞

,

\liminf_{R\to\infty}\inf_{c\in\mathbb{R}}\frac{1}{R}\barint_{B(0,R)}\lvert u(x)-c\rvert\,dx<\infty,

then

u
=

b
+

a
⋅
x

u=b+a\cdot x

for some

b
∈
R

b\in\mathbb{R}

and

a
∈

R
2

a\in\mathbb{R}^{2}

.

Denoting by

u
p

u_{p}

the 𝑝-harmonic function having the same nonconstant boundary condition as 𝑢, we show that

det

D
⁢

V
β

⁢

(

D
⁢

u
p

)

→

det

D
⁢

V
β

⁢

(

D
⁢
u

)

\det DV_{\beta}(Du_{p})\to\det DV_{\beta}(Du)

as

p
→
∞

p\to\infty

in the weak-⋆ sense in the space of Radon measure.
Recall that

V
β

⁢

(

D
⁢

u
p

)

V_{\beta}(Du_{p})

is always quasiregular mappings, but

V
β

⁢

(

D
⁢
u

)

V_{\beta}(Du)

is not in general.
Optimization of process parameters in plasma arc cutting of commercial-grade aluminium plate
Authors: Choudhury Mridusmita Roy , Dutta Hrishikesh , Deka Utpal , Bhavani Basireddy , Saxena Kuldeep K. , Borah Anil
Published: April 2024

Plasma arc cutting (PAC) has emerged as a versatile and efficient method for the precision cutting of various materials, including commercial-grade aluminium plates. The optimization of process parameters is crucial for achieving high-quality cuts, minimizing material wastage, and enhancing overall productivity. This study aims to systematically investigate and optimize the key process parameters in PAC of commercial-grade aluminium plates. The experimental design involves the manipulation of parameters such as arc current, gas pressure, and workpiece thickness. A Design of Experiments approach, specifically Taguchi’s orthogonal array, is employed to efficiently explore the parameter space and identify the optimal combination of settings. The response variables considered for optimization include minimum surface roughness, minimum burr height, and maximum material removal rate (MRR). Analysis of variance is performed to get the percentage influence of each process parameter on the performance characteristic. The results obtained from the optimization process are expected to provide valuable insights into enhancing the efficiency and precision of PAC for commercial-grade aluminium plates. Arc current is found to be the most significant parameter in altering the surface roughness. The thickness of the material is the most significant parameter in altering burr height. None of the parameters is found to be significant in altering the MRR from Analysis of Variance analysis. From signal-to-noise ratio analysis and average performance graph, the optimum combination of processes in altering the bur height and MRR are found as arc current at 50 amp, the gas pressure at 5.4 bar, and the thickness of the workpiece at 6 mm.
El español de Loíza en el Debate de los Criollos del Español: Un análisis sociohistórico y lingüístico
Authors: Visconte Piero
Published: April 2024

Este estudio combina conocimientos sociohistóricos y lingüísticos para arrojar luz sobre la naturaleza y el origen del español de Loíza (EL), una variedad afrohispánica hablada en Loíza, Puerto Rico, por los descendientes de los africanos traídos a esta región para trabajar como esclavos durante el período colonial. El presente trabajo analiza la evolución de esta variedad y sus implicaciones para los estudios criollos. Al hacerlo, desafía la postura que presentaría ciertas características contemporáneas del EL y otras variedades afrohispánicas como las huellas de una etapa criolla anterior. Por lo tanto, este artículo contribuye al prolongado “Spanish Creole Debate” (Debate de los Criollos del Español) al proporcionar nueva información sobre una variedad afropuertorriqueña hasta ahora poco estudiada.
English skills of Puerto Rican students: the effect of gender, SES and school socioeconomic composition
Authors: Morales-Reyes Alexandra , Pérez-Vargas José C. , Siberón Jessimar , Wolfgang Rolke
Published: April 2024

This study evaluates the effects of gender, socioeconomic status (SES), and school of origin on students’ language performance. We used data from the test Measurement and Evaluation for Educational Transformation (META, for its acronym in Spanish). We analyzed the results of 21,425 eleventh-grade students from 194 public schools in Puerto Rico. The results suggest that there is a significant relationship between students’ gender and their English skills. Female students achieved higher levels of language performance than male students. There was also a significant relationship between SES and language performance. Students with a more advantaged socioeconomic status showed better language outcomes than students from disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds. The socioeconomic composition of the school was found to play an important factor in the linguistic performance of students: a diverse socioeconomic composition is related to better school performance and the narrowing of language disparities. We propose that the composition of schools’ student bodies is a factor that educational linguistic policy makers in Puerto Rico should give more consideration to, as it could have a key role in ameliorating English language attainment and education in general in Puerto Rico’s public schools.
How interpreting influences defendants’ participation: a discursive study of zero renditions and non-renditions in court interpreting
Authors: Du Biyu Jade
Published: April 2024

The inquisitorial feature of Chinese criminal trials requires active participation from defendants in courtroom interaction. To fully participate in the trial proceedings, defendants who cannot speak the language of the court have to rely on the language support offered by interpreters. Court interpreters are expected to facilitate language minorities’ participation and communication in the proceedings, but their mediation changes the dynamics of courtroom interaction. This paper aims to explore how the use of interpreting impacts the participation status of English-speaking defendants in Chinese criminal trials. Adopting participation framework as the primary analytical tool, drawing upon discourse analysis of seven authentic recordings of bilingual trials and fieldwork observations, this study empirically shows that as a result of zero renditions and non-renditions in the triadic communication, the participation role of the defendant changes from being a direct addressee to the position of a non-participant, which results in them a marginalised status. The role alteration, which is associated with the court interpreting practice, including the sole use of consecutive interpreting, puts the defendant at a disadvantage, undermining their participation rights in the trial proceedings. In a way, the defendant becomes a de facto stand-by participant in the interpreter-mediated courtroom interaction.
Where are the Black men in osteopathic medical schools?
Authors: Megafu Michael N.
Published: April 2024

Over the past decade, the American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine (AACOM) and the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) have emphasized the need to enhance diversity within medical education. Despite concerted efforts, the representation of underrepresented populations in medicine (URiM), particularly Black men, remains alarmingly low. This commentary delves into the persisting challenges and potential solutions surrounding the lack of diversity of Black men in osteopathic schools. Black men, in particular, continue to be significantly underrepresented in osteopathic medical schools across the United States. Factors contributing to this disparity include limited access to resources, pervasive negative stereotypes, and biases within the medical community. Addressing these challenges necessitates multifaceted interventions such as mentorship programs, pipeline initiatives, and implicit bias training to enhance the recruitment and support for URiM applicants, particularly Black men. Institutions like Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine and A.T. Still University have underscored the importance of tailoring programs in fostering a sense of belonging and academic success among Black men aspiring to be osteopathic physicians. The creation of a supportive environment for Black men in osteopathic medical schools is not only crucial for promoting diversity but also crucial for improving patient health outcomes, because research consistently depicts enhanced patient outcomes and experiences with diverse healthcare teams. However, despite progress in some areas, Black men continue to face systemic barriers and biases that hinder the pursuit of a career in osteopathic medicine. Thus, increasing the representation of Black men in osteopathic medical schools requires a concerted effort from all stakeholders, including medical institutions, policymakers, and the broader medical community. By implementing targeted interventions, fostering a sense of belonging, and addressing systemic barriers, the medical community can work toward a more equitable and inclusive future in healthcare. Ultimately, promoting diversity is not only a matter of fairness but also essential for ensuring the delivery of high-quality, culturally competent care to all patients.
Notes on the ecology, activity patterns and behavior of the kinkajou (Potos flavus)
Authors: Galvis Nelson F. , Link Andrés , Mosquera Diego , Vinueza-Hidalgo Gabriela , Carrillo Lisa , Mopán-Chilito Alex Mauricio , Montilla Sebastián O.
Published: April 2024

Kinkajous are one of the most widely distributed Neotropical mammals, nonetheless, their nocturnal habits have posed challenges on the study of their ecology and behavior. Here, we used arboreal camera trapping in a pristine Amazonian forest in Ecuador, and ad libitum data from direct encounters in a lowland and a highland forest in Colombia to describe their activity patterns and describe anecdotal data on their diet and reproductive behaviors. As expected, kinkajous are strictly nocturnal and seem to be active throughout the entire night, although in our study there was less activity towards the beginning and the end of the night. Kinkajous were observed to be mostly solitary, rarely in groups of two to three adult individuals. Although their diet has not been described in detail, fruits from Moraceae and Urticaceae appear to be important components of their diet. Their reproductive behavior involves an isolated pair of kinkajous, and may be interrupted by other males. Pairs seem to meet for reproductive purposes and range together for several hours, during which courtship may take place, ending in copulation, which lasts for approximately 3 min. After copulation, the male and female appear to separate and return to their solitary habits. The results of this study complement the scarce information on the elusive kinkajous in the Neotropical forests.
The possible role of oxidative stress marker glutathione in the assessment of cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Bogoje Raspopović Andrijana , Balta Vedran , Vodopić Maro , Drobac Marina , Boroš Almoš , Đikić Domagoj , Demarin Vida
Published: April 2024

Oxidative stress markers have a distinct role in the process of demyelination in multiple sclerosis. This study investigated the potential correlation of markers of oxidative stress (glutathione [GSH], catalase) with the number of demyelinating lesions and the degree of disability, cognitive deficit, and depression in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Sixty subjects meeting the criteria for RRMS (19 men and 41 women), and 66 healthy controls (24 men, 42 women) were included. In this study, GSH significantly negatively correlated with the degree of cognitive impairment. This is the first study of subjects with RRMS that performed the mentioned research of serum GSH levels on the degree of cognitive damage examined by the Montreal Scale of Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test. The development of cognitive changes, verified by the MoCA test, was statistically significantly influenced by the positive number of magnetic resonance lesions, degree of depression, expanded disability status scale (EDSS), age, and GSH values. Based on these results, it can be concluded that it is necessary to monitor cognitive status early in RRMS patients, especially in those with a larger number of demyelinating lesions and a higher EDSS level and in older subjects. Also, the serum level of GSH is a potential biomarker of disease progression, which could be used more widely in RRMS.
“The results might not fully represent…”: Negation in the limitations sections of doctoral theses by Chinese and American students
Authors: Sun Shuyi Amelia , Jiang Feng (Kevin)
Published: April 2024

The ability to achieve social interaction is both a key feature of research writing and an important aspect of advanced academic literacy. It can be seen in how doctoral students employ rhetorical resources to acknowledge limitations in thesis writing while securing a positive view of the research. Negation is one of the crucial interactional options, but less explored in English for Academic Purposes (EAP) literature. In this study, we drew on the appraisal theory to see negation as a disclaim marker that engaged with alternative positions and employed corpus analysis to examine the forms and functions of negation in the ‘limitations’ section of doctoral theses. To better understand how student writers exploit negation to achieve the rhetorical end, we further explored co-articulations of negation with other appraisal resources. A corpus-based analysis of 100 doctoral theses by Chinese and American doctoral students in applied linguistics showed that American students made significantly more use of negation, especially pairing negation with engagement and graduation resources. We attribute the difference to genre and culture norms and also raise pedagogical implications on the cultivation of students’ rhetorical awareness and the classroom teaching of research writing.
A Biomechanical Comparison Between the Safety-Squat Bar and Traditional Barbell Back Squat
Authors: Johansson David G. , Marchetti Paulo H. , Stecyk Shane D. , Flanagan Sean P.
Published: April 2024

Johansson, DG, Marchetti, PH, Stecyk, SD, and Flanagan, SP. A biomechanical comparison between the safety-squat bar and traditional barbell back squat. J Strength Cond Res 38(5): 825–834, 2024—The primary objectives for this investigation were to compare the kinematic and kinetic differences between performing a parallel back squat using a traditional barbell (TB) or a safety-squat bar (SSB). Fifteen healthy, recreationally trained male subjects (23 + 4 years of age) performed the back squat with a TB and an SSB at 85% of their respective 1 repetition maximum with each barbell while instrumented for biomechanical analysis. Standard inverse dynamics techniques were used to determine joint kinematic and kinetic measures. A 2 × 3 (exercise × joint) factorial analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to determine the kinetic and kinematic differences between the squats while using the different barbells. Fisher's least significant difference post hoc comparisons showed that the TB resulted in significantly greater maximum hip flexion angle (129.33 ± 11.8° vs. 122.11 ± 12.1°; p < 0.001; d = 1.80), peak hip net joint extensor torque (2.54 ± 0.4 Nm·kg−1 vs. 2.40 ± 0.4 Nm·kg−1; p = 0.001; d = 1.10), hip net extensor torque mechanical energy expenditure (MEE; 2.81 ± 0.5 Nm·kg−1 vs. 2.58 ± 0.6 Nm·kg−1; p = 0.002; d = 0.97), and ankle net joint plantar flexor torque MEE (0.32 ± 0.09 J·kg−1 vs. 0.28 ± 0.06 J·kg−1; p = 0.029; d = 0.63), while also lifting significantly (123.17 ± 20.8 kg vs. 117.17 ± 20.8 kg; p = 0.005; d = 0.858) more weight than the SSB. The SSB resulted in significantly higher maximum knee flexion angles (116.82 ± 5.8° vs. 115.65 ± 5.6°; p = 0.011; d = 0.75) than the TB, with no significant difference in kinetics at the knee. The TB may be preferred to the SSB for developing the hip extensors and lifting higher maximum loads. The SSB may be advantageous in situations where a more upright posture or a lower load is preferred while creating a similar demand for the knee joint.
Effects of Hormonal Contraception and the Menstrual Cycle on Fatigability and Recovery From an Anaerobic Exercise Test
Authors: Cabre Hannah E. , Ladan Alex N. , Moore Sam R. , Joniak Kelly E. , Blue Malia N. M. , Pietrosimone Brian G. , Hackney Anthony C. , Smith-Ryan Abbie E.
Published: April 2024

Cabre, HE, Ladan, AN, Moore, SR, Joniak, KE, Blue, MNM, Pietrosimone, BG, Hackney, AC, and Smith-Ryan, AE. Effects of hormonal contraception and the menstrual cycle on fatigability and recovery from an anaerobic exercise test. J Strength Cond Res 38(7): 1256–1265, 2024—This study sought to evaluate the effects of oral contraceptive (OC) and hormonal intrauterine device (H-IUD) use, compared with a eumenorrheic (EUM) cycle, on fatigability and recovery between hormone the phases. Peak power (PP), average power (AP), fatigue index (FI), blood lactate, vessel diameter, and blood flow (BF) were measured from a repeated sprint cycle test (10 × 6 seconds) in 60, healthy, active women (mean ± SD; age: 26.5 ± 7.0 years, BMI: 22.5 ± 3.7 kg·m−2) who used monophasic OC (≥6 months; n = 21), had a H-IUD (≥6 months; n = 20), or had regular naturally occurring menstrual cycle (≥3 months) or had a nonhormonal IUD (EUM; n = 19). Subjects were randomly assigned to begin in either the low-hormone phase (LHP) or high-hormone phase (HHP) and were tested once in each phase. Separate univariate analyses of covariances assessed the change from HHP to LHP between the groups, covaried for progesterone, with significance set at p ≤ 0.05. All groups demonstrated similar changes in PP, AP, FI, blood lactate, vessel diameter, and BF between the phases (p > 0.05). Although not significant, AP was higher in LHP for OC (Δ −248.2 ± 1,301.4 W) and EUM (Δ −19.5 ± 977.7 W) and higher in HHP for H-IUD (Δ 369.3 ± 1,123.0 W). Oral contraceptive group exhibited a higher FI (Δ 2.0%) and reduced blood lactate clearance (Δ 2.5%) in HHP. In recreationally active women, hormonal contraception and hormone phases may minimally impact fatigue and recovery. Individual elite female athletes may benefit from understanding hormonal contraception type as performance and recovery may slightly vary across the cycle.
Does Fatigue Affect the Perception of Velocity Accuracy During Resistance Training?
Authors: Romagnoli Ruggero , Piacentini Maria Francesca
Published: April 2024

Romagnoli, R and Piacentini, MF. Does fatigue affect the perception of velocity accuracy during resistance training? J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2024—The purpose of this study was to investigate whether perception of barbell velocity (PV) is affected by fatigue induced by 2 different training protocols. Twenty-two subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups: 10% velocity loss group (VL10) and repetitions to failure group (EX). Both protocols included 5 sets at 75% 1 repetition maximum but differed in the number of repetitions performed (Reps). Perception of barbell velocity was assessed in the back squat exercise during a test with 3 blinded loads (heavy, medium, light) 1 day rested (REST) and 1 day immediately following 1 of the 2 designated training protocols (POST). The accuracy of the PV was analyzed by calculating the delta score (ds), that is, the difference between perceived velocity (Vp) and real velocity of the barbell (Vr). During training, each group performed significantly different Reps per set (VL10: 3.9 ± 1.4; EX: 13.8 ± 6.3, p < 0.001) and consequently reported different levels of perceived exertion and repetitions in reserve (p < 0.001). Real velocity and ds did not change between REST and POST-VL10 conditions at all loads. Although a significant decrease in Vr was found at light and medium loads (p < 0.05) between REST and POST in the EX-Group, no significant differences were detected in the ds. These results demonstrate that Vp is a stable parameter on which practitioners can base their training despite different levels of fatigue.
Educación e Inteligencia Artificial: Un Análisis desde la Perspectiva de los Docentes en Formación
Authors: Goenechea Cristina , Valero-Franco Concepción
Published: April 2024

La IA está afectando a la educación, al menos en tres ámbitos: la toma de decisiones acerca de los sistemas educativos; los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje y la necesidad de actualizar el modo en que entendemos la educación para la ciudadanía. En este artículo examinamos, mediante el análisis cuantitativo (descriptivo, comparativo e inferencial) de la información obtenida a partir de un cuestionario de elaboración propia, en qué medida los futuros docentes de Educación Primaria conocen conceptos relacionados con la IA, entienden cómo transformará la educación y la vinculan a las 8 competencias clave de nuestro sistema educativo; así como, en qué medida sus respuestas difieren en función del género y de los estudios previos. Los resultados arrojan diferencias significativas, siendo los hombres y el alumnado que procede del Bachillerato de Ciencias los que se autoperciben como más conocedores de lo referente a IA. Vinculan la IA principalmente a la competencia digital y a la competencia matemática y competencia en ciencia, tecnología e ingeniería; y muy poco a la competencia ciudadana. Los estudiantes son conscientes de que la IA influirá en prácticamente todos los aspectos de la educación (metodología, forma de aprender, función del docente, etc.) y solicitan una mayor formación
Cultural Crisis and the Phenomenological Concept of Sedimentation in E. Husserl’s Philosophy
Authors: Jonkus Dalius
Published: April 2024

Husserl names the dynamics of cultural objectifications with the term sedimentation, which includes the formulation of the discovered meaning in material sensory expressions and the reactivation of these passively existing meanings. This paper analyzes this concept of sedimentation and places it in the context of Husserl’s thoughts on the crisis of culture. Unlike the usual interpretations of Husserl’s philosophy of culture which state that the crisis of sciences arises from the inadequacy of their ‘scientificity’ and inability to solve the problems of the meaning of life, I argue that the crisis can be understood as the result of the duality of sedimentation. Sedimentations not only preserve knowledge, but also create the illusion that knowledge reproduces itself. When reflecting on the crisis of culture, Husserl turns from theoretical philosophy to practical philosophy.
Expressions with Quasipositions in the Oldest Polish Language
Authors: Zbróg Piotr
Published: April 2024

The article describes Old Polish constructions containing expressions and phrases constituted around such elements as name, for name, mentioned, czusz, word, i.e., e.g. high mountain for the name of Tabor; said area Zakrzewo; in the city, his name is Kamon. As has been proven, they largely imitated typical groups with appositive adjectives. In many cases, they were used interchangeably in texts, e.g. follower, czusz Jan / follower Jan; the river’s name is Jijon/Jijon River; on the mountain of Gilead/toward the mountain of Gilead. Due to the peculiarities of their structure and specific syntactic limitations, the analyzed constructs gradually go out of use in relation to the expansive and hitherto exploited appositional groups. Their use was not favoured by their analytic structure and the complexity of the duplication of the syntactic scheme. They relied on a greater number of components than synthetic appositions. The expressions described in the article functioned mainly in medieval Polish, but, for example, a proper name was still found in the 17th century, and the proper name was also found in modern Polish. In the literature, phrases such as czusz / toczusz, to jest or słowie were sometimes treated as appositions. However, due to the definitional features of appositional groups, they should be excluded from this set.
Jewish Text in Howard Fast’s Novel “Torquemada”
Authors: Vasiljeva Elina , Hrapāne Karolīna
Published: April 2024

The present study aims to identify the specifics of the Jewish text in Howard Fast’s iconic novel Torquemada. The study is based on the semiotic definition of the text. The Jewish theme in the oeuvre of Fast, a writer of Jewish origin, occupies a significant place. The specific construction of the Jewish theme allows one to highlight the boundaries of a certain Jewish text in the author’s work, which was clearly formed during the period of ideological and national quest. The novel Torquemada occupies a special place in the Jewish text of Fast. The Jewish text of the novel Torquemada is represented by a multi-level model. At the anthological level, the Jewish text of the novel can be correlated with the ideological quests of the author, Howard Fast. However, at the same time, it is an allegoric narrative about the fate of the Jews of the 20th century and the tragedy of the Holocaust. The events of the 15th century are the allegory of the events of the 20th century, and the times of the Spanish Inquisition are associated with the tragedy of the Jews of Europe.
Unveiling Messapic Funerary Discourse
Authors: Mani Kujtim
Published: April 2024

Messapic, an ancient language from the 6th to the 2nd century BC in Southern Italy, remains a linguistically enigmatic and poorly understood entity, has been traditionally classified as an extinct language. Current scholarship predominantly views Messapic epigraphy as primarily consisting of personal names, anthroponyms, and theonyms. However, attempts to linguistically classify and interpret it within the broader framework of Greek, Latin, or other ancient languages have yielded limited insights. This article investigates Messapic epigraphy as a potential descendant of Proto-Albanian and reveals intriguing parallels with classical Albanian. The chosen exemplars challenge the prevailing assumption that Messapic is an extinct language, presenting it in a new light and underscoring its enduring linguistic and cultural legacy. This is notably exemplified through a distinctive funerary discourse that serves as a hallmark of the Messapic language.