bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Positive impact of short-term gait rehabilitation in Parkinson patients: a combined approach based on statistics and machine learning
Authors: Donisi Leandro ,   Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Campania, Italy, Cesarelli Giuseppe , Balbi Pietro , Provitera Vincenzo , Lanzillo Bernardo , Coccia Armando , D'Addio Giovanni ,   Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Care and Scientific Research ICS Maugeri, Telese Terme, Campania, Italy,   Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Campania, Italy,   Department of Neurorehabilitation, Institute of Care and Scientific Research ICS Maugeri, Telese Terme, Campania, Italy,   Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Campania, Italy
Published: August 2021

Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in the world. Assumed that gait dysfunctions represent a major motor symptom for the pathology, gait analysis can provide clinicians quantitative information about the rehabilitation outcome of patients. In this scenario, wearable inertial systems for gait analysis can be a valid tool to assess the functional recovery of patients in an automatic and quantitative way, helping clinicians in decision making. Aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of the short-term rehabilitation on gait and balance of patients with Parkinson's disease. A cohort of 12 patients with Idiopathic Parkinson's disease performed a gait analysis session instrumented by a wearable inertial system for gait analysis: Opal System, by APDM Inc., with spatial and temporal parameters being analyzed through a statistic and machine learning approach. Six out of fourteen motion parameters exhibited a statistically significant difference between the measurements at admission and at discharge of the patients, while the machine learning analysis confirmed the separability of the two phases in terms of Accuracy and Area under the Receiving Operating Characteristic Curve. The rehabilitation treatment especially improved the motion parameters related to the gait. The study shows the positive impact on the gait of a short-term rehabilitation in patients with Parkinson's disease and the feasibility of the wearable inertial devices, that are increasingly spreading in clinical practice, to quantitatively assess the gait improvement.
Impact of COVID-19 for people living and working with ADHD: A brief review of the literature
Authors: Hollingdale Jack ,   Compass, Compass Psychology Services Ltd, London, UK, Adamo Nicoletta , Tierney Kevin ,   SCAAND Department, Michael Rutter Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, UK,   Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
Published: August 2021

Objective

COVID-19 lockdowns have changed the social and environmental context. Those with ADHD are more vulnerable to experiencing difficulties than their non-ADHD peers. This paper attempts to provide a brief summary of the literature that has emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method

A literature search was completed using the following databases; Embase, Ovid Medline, APA PsycInfo. A total of 36 papers were identified as relevant to the topic.

Results

The pandemic has exacerbated the core symptoms of ADHD and co-occurring difficulties. Services have adapted their assessment and intervention protocols for tele-health working and findings suggest that tele-interventions present a viable alternative. However, much of this research utilises small sample sizes and a restricted number of population groups.

Conclusions

More research is required to determine the effectiveness of ADHD care during the pandemic and whether adaptations will be retained post-pandemic.
ISKUSTVO SUPERVIZANATA O NEOTKRIVANJU PODATAKA U SUPERVIZIJI PSIHOTERAPIJE
Authors: Žvelc Maša , Žvelc Gregor
Published: August 2021

The present study examined the processes of supervisees’ non-disclosure in the supervision of psychotherapy. The purpose of the study was to determine the frequency of non-disclosure by supervisees, the content of non-disclosure and the reasons for it. The study involved 50 supervisees (42 women and 8 men), with different professional developmental levels and belonging to various psychotherapeutic schools. Study participants completed the Questionnaire of Significant Aspects of Supervision after each of two consecutive supervision sessions. Half of the sessions were conducted in individual and half of the sessions in group settings. Altogether, 90 completed questionnaires were used in the study. Interviews were performed with ten of the supervisees.Data was coded according to principles of grounded theory (Corbin and Strauss, 2015). Our findings revealed that non-disclosure was present in 21% of the sessions. Supervisees conceal dissatisfaction with supervisors and their work, content related to the supervision group, information related to psychotherapeutic work, personal topics and topics related to wider professional activity. The reasons for non-disclosure were: not feeling safe enough in the supervisory relationship or the supervision group, concern for the supervisor, shame and self-criticism. These findings are significant both for the practice and for further research of supervision.
Virtualization of Teaching and Learning of Engineering Students and its Impact on Self-Perception of Attitude Acquisition, in the Context of COVID-19
Authors: Chamorro-Atalaya Omar , Olivares-Zegarra Soledad , Alvarado-Bravo Nestor , Trujillo-Perez Salvador , Torres-Quiroz Almintor , Aldana-Trejo Florcita , Villanueva-Acosta Victor
Published: August 2021

This present describes the results of the evaluation regarding the self-perception of personal and social attitudes acquired by university students from an engineer-ing faculty at a state university in Peru, in the context of virtual teaching and learning, declared by the health emergency by COVID-19; For which the follow-ing objectives were proposed, to determine the variation or impact that the self-perception of personal and social attitudes experienced, having as reference sce-narios, the academic semester with face-to-face teaching (academic semester 2019B) and then the academic semester developed totally virtual (2020A). An exploratory-descriptive research level was used, with a longitudinal non-experimental design, whose population and sample is made up of 674 and 761 students, in the 2019B and 2020A semesters respectively. The data collection in-struments were validated through Cronbach's Alpha, whose average results per academic semester were 0.960 and 0.958. After the investigation, it was found that there is no negative impact, due to virtual teaching; On the contrary, on aver-age, there was an increase in all levels of satisfaction, increasing the level very satisfied by 52.8% and the level satisfied by 3.25%.
Evaluating Feasibility and Effectiveness of Digital Game-Based Instructional Technology
Authors: Giang Nguyen Thi Huong , Cuong Le Huy
Published: August 2021

Higher education institutions encounters difficulties when the Covid-19 pandemic happens because learners cannot go to class and absorb knowledge directly. In Vietnam, universities have used online learning to help learners keep learning in this pandemic context. However, the quality and effectiveness of the learning process are questioned by the learner and the teaching staff. In this context, our research is looking for solutions to apply new technology in the teaching process to ensure the quality and effectiveness of learning. Among these new technologies, digital games are considered due to most students playing digital games as well as their positive effects in teaching reflected in recent publications. Under the approach of technological process, our team evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the digital game-based instructional technology at HUST. In terms of feasibility, research results show that most students agree that learning skills can be formed by using digital games in learning process. About the efficiency, there are three key findings: First, although male students play video games more than female students, the results show that both men and women have the same rate to-wards the effectiveness of digital games in learning. Second, there is no difference in assessing the effectiveness of digital games in learning between IT students and non-IT students although IT students are more exposed to technology. Third, there is a difference in the views of second-year students and third-year students. This difference shows the reason to build blended-learning courses that use digital games effectively for third-year students who starts more indeed engineering major at universities.
4G Network Security Algorithms: Overview
Authors: M. Zaki Rana , Bahjat Abdul wahab Hala
Published: August 2021

Long Term Evolution (LTE) of (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) is one of the modern steps in series of mobile telecommunications systems. That appears to be a strong technology that meets the requirements of fourth-generation (4G) mobile networks and supports authentication and encryption mechanisms between User Equipment (UE) and Message Management Entity (MME). This paper provides an overview of the three most important algorithms that are considered the heart of LTE cryptographic algorithms (SNOW3G, AES, and ZUC) and a comparison between cipher key length and initial vector length to generate keystream depending on the structure used for each algorithm as each algorithm has a time of complexity and space of complexity that differs from the other security algorithm.

 
A New Block Cipher Algorithm Using Magic Square of Order Five and Galois Field Arithmetic with Dynamic Size Block
Authors: Malik ALattar Ibrahim , Monem S. Rahma Abdul
Published: August 2021

This paper describes the development of encryption algorithms using the magic square of order 5 and Multi-level keys with the addition of Matrix keys to increase implementation speed and complexity. This work relied mainly on the magic sum and some equations that were added as an improvement on previous work. Multi-level keys were used for three different message sizes, and an additional key matrix with size 5×5 was used to add more complexity. The proposed work was performed using both GF(P) and GF(28). Results were compared with the MS3, they have been found good, with acceptable speed and high complexity where it was (P)9 × (256)16 in the first algorithm, (P)9 × (256)16 × 3 in the second algorithm, and (P)9 × (256)16 × 3 × (P)25 in the third algorithm, the complexity changed according to the chosen value of N randomness, in addition to speed, complexity, NIST calculations have been performed for texts and histogram calculations for different images were calculated and compared as well.
Instructional Design to Foster Computational Thinking Using Educational Robotics
Authors: Trujillo Castro Alejandro , Martínez Reyes Magally , Soberanes-Martín Anabelem
Published: August 2021

The way of approaching the difficulties in technological areas is opening potentialities for teaching and learning, considering the competences as actions that put into practice skills to solve problems. A clear example is the computational thinking that proposes a way of thinking and facing different challenges. Through the design-based research methodology and the ADDIE model, an instructional design is proposed to carry out activities using educational robotics, analyzing its impact on skills related to computational thinking. An educational intervention is carried out with students from 13 to 15 years old from the three grades of secondary education in Mexico. It was established that the student's reaction to a challenge is: a) Due to lack of confidence in his or her own abilities, it is difficult for him or her to face the problem. b) Knowledge of computer thinking allows him or her to think of a strategy to try to solve it. The results suggest that those who have notions about computer thinking have more facility to think and face the different challenges.
Computational Thinking and Social Studies Teacher Education
Authors: Hammond Thomas C. , Oltman Julie L. , Manfra Meghan M.
Published: August 2021

Computational thinking is highly applicable to social studies education, particularly decision-focused social studies. To better fit the disciplinary needs of social studies and align with social studies standards, we adapt and group computational thinking skills into a heuristic of data, patterns, rules, and questions (DPR-Q). We then propose a four-step model for social studies teachers to follow when planning lessons that integrate computational thinking within their curricular instruction. Both the DPR-Q heuristic and the instructional planning model are explained with worked examples from social studies classrooms. Successful integration of computational thinking into decision-focused social studies can both enrich the social studies curriculum and provide a curricular home for teaching computational thinking, bearing out Wing's claim that computational thinking is ‘everywhere' and ‘for everyone.'
Developing Computational Thinking Using Lego Education WeDo at 4th Grade of Primary Education
Authors: Pinto-Llorente Ana María
Published: August 2021

The research was carried out at the School Santísima Trinidad in the framework of robotics education and social science. The aims of the study were to determine participants' perceptions about the effectiveness of the experience to meet the learning objective, to construct and programme robotics models, and to help pupils to become familiar with computational concepts and practices. Based on these goals, it employed a case study method in which were involved a teacher and 52 students of the fourth grade of primary education. The instruments used to collect data were a questionnaire, a semantic differential, a semi-structured interview, and a monitoring guide. The findings suggested participants' positive perspective towards the project to achieve the objectives and contents of the unit; acquire the skills of critical thinking, creative thinking, problem solving; apply their knowledge to real-world problems; and become familiar with some mechanical movements and with a set of computational concepts.
The Role of Unplugged Coding Activity in Developing Computational Thinking in Ages 6-11
Authors: Lombardi Gaia
Published: August 2021

Coding is a spreading teaching methodology that is involving more students and teachers all over the world. But how can the practice of coding affect the development of computational thinking strategies in early years? The author, a primary school teacher, will investigate the Italian experience, believing that it may constitute an excellent field of study on the matter thanks to the enormous enthusiasm with which coding was received by the teachers, capable of renewing their teaching practices, particularly in primary school. This is a movement born from below, from the spontaneous participation of teachers, and which, in many cases, has been substantiated in what can be defined as unplugged activities, without the use of electronic technological tools.
Educational Robotics Between Coding and Engineering Education
Authors: Fislake Martin
Published: August 2021

The development and use of educational robotics offer almost unlimited chances for teaching design. In classrooms it results in numerous and continuously increasing possibilities for the promotion of competences and the differentiated and differentiating use of educational robots. Therefore, this paper reports long time experiences of the author and is intended to introduce into the history and the relevant literature of educational robotics in teaching settings, before it discusses the role of educational robots as technology artefacts, as educational technology and for technology education interconnected to coding and the engineering design process (edp). In addition, a structured overview is developed to provide orientation, discuss possible applications and offer basic assistance for teaching between coding and engineering.
Network Intrusion Detection Using Linear and Ensemble ML Modeling
Authors: Parikh Shilpi Hiteshkumar , Sandesara Anushka Gaurang , Bhatt Chintan
Published: August 2021

Network attacks are continuously surging, and attackers keep on changing their ways in penetrating a system. A network intrusion detection system is created to monitor traffic in the network and to warn regarding the breach in security by invading foreign entities in the network. Specific experiments have been performed on the NSL-KDD dataset instead of the KDD dataset because it does not have redundant data so the output produced from classifiers will not be biased. The main types of attacks are divided into four categories: denial of service (DoS), probe attack, user to root attack (U2R), remote to local attack (R2L). Overall, this chapter proposes an intense study on linear and ensemble models such as logistic regression, stochastic gradient descent (SGD), naïve bayes, light GBM (LGBM), and XGBoost. Lastly, a stacked model is developed that is trained on the above-mentioned classifiers, and it is applied to detect intrusion in networks. From the plethora of approaches taken into consideration, the authors have found maximum accuracy (98.6%) from stacked model and XGBoost.
A Rabin Cryptosystem-Based Lightweight Authentication Protocol and Session Key-Generation Scheme for IoT Deployment
Authors: Ahlawat Priyanka , Attkan Ankit
Published: August 2021

Handling unpredictable attack vulnerabilities in self-proclaiming secure algorithms in WSNs is an issue. Vulnerabilities provide loop holes for adversary to barge in the privacy of the network. Attacks performed by the attacker can be active or passive. Adversary may listen to the sensitive information and exploit its confidentiality which is passive, or adversary may modify sensitive information being transferred over a WSN in case of active attacks. As Internet of things has basically three layers, middle-ware layer, Application layer, perceptron layer, most of the attacks are observed to happen at the perceptron layer in case of both wireless sensor network and RFID Tag implication Layer. Both are a major part of the perceptron layer that consist a small part of the IoT. Some of the major attack vulnerabilities are exploited by executing the attacks through certain flaws in the protocol that are difficult to identify and almost complex to identify in complicated bigger protocols. As most of the sensors are resource constrained in terms of memory, battery power, processing power, bandwidth and due to which implementation of complex cryptosystem to keep the data being transferred secure is a challenging phase. The three main objectives studied in this scenario are setting up the system, registering user and the sensors via multiple gateways. Generating a common key which can be used for a particular interaction session among user, gateway and the sensor network. In this paper, we address one or more of these objectives for some of the fundamental problems in authentication and mutual authentication phase of the WSN in IoT deployment. We prevent the leakage of sensitive information using the rabin cryptosystem to avoid attacks like Man-in-the-middle attack, sensor session key leakage, all session hi-jacking attack and sniffing attacks in which data is analyzed maliciously by the adversary. We also compare and prove the security of our protocol using proverif protocol verifier tool.
Multi-Keyword Searchable Encryption for E-Health System With Multiple Data Writers and Readers
Authors: Sharma Dhruti P. , Jinwala Devesh C.
Published: August 2021

E-health is a cloud-based system to store and share medical data with the stakeholders. From a security perspective, the stored data are in encrypted form that could further be searched by the stakeholders through searchable encryption (SE). Practically, an e-health system with support of multiple stakeholders (that may work as either data owner [writer] or user [reader]) along with the provision of multi-keyword search is desirable. However, the existing SE schemes either support multi-keyword search in multi-reader setting or offer multi-writer, multi-reader mechanism along with single-keyword search only. This chapter proposes a multi-keyword SE for an e-health system in multi-writer multi-reader setting. With this scheme, any registered writer could share data with any registered reader with optimal storage-computational overhead on writer. The proposed scheme offers conjunctive search with optimal search complexity at server. It also ensures security to medical records and privacy of keywords. The theoretical and empirical analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed work.
LGBTQIA+ Students
Authors: Taylor Nathan
Published: August 2021

Structural changes have occurred at a rapid rate in the U.S. concerning LGBTQIA+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning, intersex, and ally/asexual) rights and lived experiences. However, in K-12 education LGBTQIA+ students continue to face challenges and obstacles not faced by their heterosexual, cisgender peers. Using heteronormativity as its underpinning, this chapter will highlight some of the challenges encountered by LGBTQIA+ students, provide a background to understand the current state of educational practices and policies, and provide recommendations for teachers, administrators, students, and communities to help reduce the trauma endured by many LGBTQIA+ students.
Trauma in Rural Areas
Authors: Pavlic-Roseberry Georgia , Donne Vicki
Published: August 2021

This chapter provides background on rural culture and the influence it has on the implementation of trauma-informed care. The cultural characteristics create additional obstacles to schools that are working to mitigate the adverse experiences that have debilitated many students. The poverty and drug use that families face has created a generation of children who struggle with chronic stress from the adverse childhood experiences that occur in their lives. This impedes all academic and many functional areas. Without appropriate education, teachers are often unable to reach students and misunderstand why students with multiple adverse experiences display behaviors. The authors share strategies to mitigate the impact of the adversities.
Trauma-Sensitive and Responsive Coaching
Authors: Hansen Mary A. , Turner Brooke , Davis Armani
Published: August 2021

This chapter discusses the prevalence and impact of trauma and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on today's youth. Information related to the impact of previous trauma and sports-related trauma on youth athletes is discussed. The benefits of sports and physical activity in combatting the effects of trauma are presented. Information about trauma-informed models, pedagogies, and coaching practices are presented in order to highlight the importance of awareness and implementation of trauma-sensitive coaching pedagogies to help youth athletes including those who have been impacted by trauma or ACEs thrive.
Role of Information Technology in Environmental Communication
Authors: Bharathi Depuru , Latha Anchapakula Suvarna , Sree Kolaru Subramanyam Shanthi , Padmavathi Pydipati Lakshmi , Vathi Bireddy Hema
Published: August 2021

Environmental communication emerged in the United States in the 1980s and reached multiple milestones in the area of environmental protection and management. Information and communication technological advancement took a quantum leap in supporting environment-related problems through internet. Involvement of ICT in protecting the environment led to the development of ‘green websites', which are associated with policies to improve, conserve, recycle, and check the carbon emissions and for the development of eco-friendly products. Environmental nature communication is the exchange of information observed during interaction of plants with ecosystems. It was discovered that organs of the plants communicate when in danger to protect themselves from predators. Application of communication devices likes drones, collars, Wifi, usage of software servers for data collection, monitoring will be a way forward to conserve bioresources. Therefore, environmental communication will analyse data for scientific studies in protecting our earth. The chapter provides an overview of environmental communication.
A Statistical Analysis for the Accessibility of Electronic Data Delivery System of the Central Bank of the Turkish Republic
Authors: Ari Yakup
Published: August 2021

The study aims to reveal the most effective factors on the accessibility statistics of the Electronic Data Delivery System (EDDS) of The Central Bank of The Turkish Republic. Besides, another aim is to reveal the effect of the exchange rate on the access statistics of EDDS exchange rate data. For this purpose, a stepwise regression model was used to find the most effective factors on accessibility statistics. According to the results of stepwise regression analysis, it was revealed that 9 out of 26 variables significantly affected the EDDS access statistics. Engle-Granger cointegration test was chosen as the method to examine the relationship between exchange rate and EDDS access statistics. It has been revealed that there is a long-run equilibrium relationship between the EURO/TRY exchange rate and the access statistics of EDDS exchange rate data.
Neuro-Informed Learning
Authors: Walcutt J. J. , Armendariz Nicholas , Jeyanandarajan Dhiraj
Published: August 2021

As the epicenter for learning activities, the brain is the coordinator of all actions associated with collecting information, organizing it, storing it, and eventually re-organizing it for application in the real world. And yet, to date, little has been known about what happens within the brain during learning activities. We have operated based on a black box set of assumptions that results in researchers testing inputs and outputs but lacking a true understanding of what happens between those two endpoints. However, the fields of neuroscience and cognitive science, along with neuro-technology engineers, have simultaneously been studying the brain and developing apparatus that allow us to understand what is happening in the brain in real-time during learning. The implications of these capabilities and a deeper understanding of learning are boundless. Accordingly, this chapter will delve into four key areas: (1) research and theories, (2) cognitive readiness and comprehension, (3) neuro-technology data, and (4) the necessary evolution of teachers to facilitators.
Laboratory Methods for the Diagnosis of SARS-Cov-2
Authors: Echchakery Mohamed , Boussaa Samia , El Mouahid Souad , Mountassir Maryam , El Hizazi Said , Klevor Raymond , Keita Ansumana Mohammed , Mouallif Mustapha , Zemrani Yassin , Lamrani Hanchi Asmae , El Baz Soraia , Alouani Mohamed
Published: August 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which has become the pandemic par excellence of our time places pressure on various aspects of human endeavor and as such requires detailed study to better combat it. However, diagnostic tests were used to provide data on the incidence of COVID-19 and to assess the immune status of infected individuals. The objective of this chapter is to describe the diagnostic methods currently used to identify SARS-CoV-2 infection. Obtaining the first SARS-CoV-2 genome sequence was decisive for the development of molecular diagnostic assays that currently make it possible to diagnose and screen for the Sars-CoV-2 infection. Their uses depend on the target to be detected. Antigenic tests detect the presence of a virus antigen, which usually makes a proteinaceous part of the virus surface. The serology tests detect the presence of antibodies generated against SARS-CoV-2 and are also a relevant tool for epidemiological studies.
The Study of Traditional Medicine for the Treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Barua Ranjit , Datta Sudipto , Datta Pallab , Chowdhury Amit Roy
Published: August 2021

SARS-CoV-2 is a novel virus communicable disease affected by serious acute respiratory condition coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which goes to the family of coronavirus. December 2019, in Wuhan, China, the first case of novel coronavirus was reported, and this widespread virus globally became a pandemic. Various studies show that drug applicants are used as antivirals or immune modulators. Yet, the outcome of this examination reported the drug applicants were not ominously operative in contrast to the infection. In the interim, it's believed that taking herbal immune-modulators can avoid and/or resist COVID-19. Unluckily, definite clinical and preclinical trials to assess the special herbal immune regulators' effects have not been directed. Specific natural elements might be actual for treating COVID-19 built on universal thoughts from former tests. Though there are no exact anti-COVID-19 medicines as well as a drugs until now, the use of traditional medicine and epidemiology of novel coronavirus disease will be discussed for COVID-19 treatment.
Developing Talents vis-à-vis Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Anshari Muhammad , Almunawar Mohammad Nabil , Razzaq Abdur
Published: August 2021

The growing numbers of unemployment raises concerns around the world. With the arrival of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) many believed that 4IR might increase the unemployment rate by replacing the current jobs with automated machines such as robots whereas some argued that 4IR might reduce the unemployment rate by creating millions of new jobs. The paper aims to share the scenario of Industry 4.0 processes that affect future talent management, in determining which jobs will be severely affected, and that will be less affected. The talent mapping is a conceptual framework of job landscapes and the following four clusters examine job characteristics: machine-centric to human-centric, routine to complex, and optimization to identity. A qualitative method was deployed to extracts primary data from educators' perspectives in developing talents required for 4IR through Education 4.0. The adoption of Education 4.0 will be advantageous for developing talent in keeping up with the progressive and demanding talents in 4IR. The proposed model defined that clusters of machine-centric are jobs performed routinely on an application basis and usually structured and do not require any compassion or emotions. While developing talents for clusters in human-centric jobs, it may be difficult to replace humans due to complexities in the decision-making process and required compassion for task completion.
Industrial Revolution 4.0
Authors: Sait Muhammad Azmi , Anshari Muhammad
Published: August 2021

Brunei Darussalam has been facing unemployment issue in the past few years. With the upcoming fourth industrial revolution (IR4.0) where there will be extensive use of machineries, robotics, and sensors, a shift in the job market is anticipated. This study aims to investigate the potential challenges on unemployment that Brunei Darussalam will face if it does not move in the necessary direction to embrace IR4.0. In addition to that, this study will analyze the current education system that Brunei implements and the e-readiness of its society to further make conclusion and recommendation on improvements Brunei should focus into as a preparation towards the digitalization era. Literature review is chosen as the most appropriate methodological approach to identify and evaluate the key points of this chosen topic. Multiple systematic literature reviews and research papers revolving around the relevant keywords were used extensively to construct the basic understanding of this paper's topic. Secondary data from previous research papers and national reports from 2014 to 2019 were used for to gain insights of Brunei Darussalam's education system, digital literacy, and e-readiness among the society. In conclusion, this study has shown that unemployment rate in Brunei Darussalam is believed to have not been amplified by the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR4.0), given that the current employees are retrained and younger generations are equipped with digital literacy-based knowledge and soft skills.
Meta-Prediction Models for Bullwhip Effect Prediction of a Supply Chain Using Regression Analysis
Authors: Chiadamrong Navee , Sarnrak Nont
Published: August 2021

In this study, the main factors that can cause the bullwhip effect and stock amplification are investigated using a simulation-based optimization approach and regression analysis. A two-echelon supply chain with uncertain customer demand and delivery lead time operating with the periodic-review reorder cycle policy is studied. The parameters of smoothing inventory replenishment and forecasting methods are required. These parameters are optimized in terms of minimizing the Total Stage Variance Ratios (TSVRs) of both echelons. The results show that even though all factors of interest have an impact on the bullwhip effect, using smoothing proportional controllers can reduce TSVRs (the sum of the order varaince ratio and net stock amplification). The meta-prediction models can effectively help predict the amount of the bullwhip effect of a chain under various situations with an average MAPE of less than 11%. The results can assist decision makers in the management of a supply chain to realize, benchmark with the optimal results, and reduce the TSVRs under an uncertain environment.
AI-Enabled Support System for Melanoma Detection and Classification
Authors: Sen Saxena Vivek , Johri Prashant , Kumar Avneesh
Published: August 2021

Skin lesion melanoma is the deadliest type of cancer. Artificial intelligence provides the power to classify skin lesions as melanoma and non-melanoma. The proposed system for melanoma detection and classification involves four steps: pre-processing, resizing all the images, removing noise and hair from dermoscopic images; image segmentation, identifying the lesion area; feature extraction, extracting features from segmented lesion and classification; and categorizing lesion as malignant (melanoma) and benign (non-melanoma). Modified GrabCut algorithm is employed to generate skin lesion. Segmented lesions are classified using machine learning algorithms such as SVM, k-NN, ANN, and logistic regression and evaluated on performance metrics like accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Results are compared with existing systems and achieved higher similarity index and accuracy.
Implementation of an E-Learning System in Dental Education
Authors: Gor Ilana , Margaryan Edita , Snezhko Zoya , Dudnik Olesya
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the study is to consider the features of the implementation of an e-learning system at the Institute of Dentistry named after E.V. Borovsky at First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) was studied and the assessment of intermediate result was performed. In order to assess the intermediate effectiveness of the introduction of an e-learning system, an anonymous survey of 2 independent groups of respondents was conducted. The results of the study of the e-learning system and the intermediate assessment of its effectiveness have confirmed the success of its implementation. Most respondents who acted as experts in the anonymous survey highly assessed the training system. Based on the statistical analysis, the reliability of the assessment of the intermediate effectiveness of the introduction of an e-learning system in dental education was determined. It can be concluded that the values differ in the two groups of respondents.
Impacts of Risks Over Benefits in the Adoption of Self-Tracking Technologies
Authors: De Moya Jean-François , Pallud Jessie , Wamba Samuel Fosso
Published: August 2021

Self-tracking (ST) technologies offer an unlimited number of opportunities to improve human life, especially health and well-being. Many scholars have been interested in this technology because of its worldwide spread but have not emphasized the benefits versus ST practices risks. This paper presents a literature review of the benefits and risks of ST practices to close this gap. It also develops a multidisciplinary research model based on the extended valence framework. This model offers five hypotheses highlighting the importance of considering technological, social, and health factors when measuring ST adoption. The results show that the perceived benefits outweigh the risks. Health is paramount in the perception of benefits. These results lead us to make a few recommendations for practitioners.
Addressing Algorithmic Bias in AI-Driven Customer Management
Authors: Akter Shahriar , Dwivedi Yogesh K. , Biswas Kumar , Michael Katina , Bandara Ruwan J. , Sajib Shahriar
Published: August 2021

Research on AI has gained momentum in recent years. Many scholars and practitioners increasingly highlight the dark sides of AI, particularly related to algorithm bias. This study elucidates situations in which AI-enabled analytics systems make biased decisions against customers based on gender, race, religion, age, nationality or socioeconomic status. Based on a systematic literature review, this research proposes two approaches (i.e., a priori and post-hoc) to overcome such biases in customer management. As part of a priori approach, the findings suggest scientific, application, stakeholder and assurance consistencies. With regard to the post-hoc approach, the findings recommend six steps: bias identification, review of extant findings, selection of the right variables, responsible and ethical model development, data analysis and action on insights. Overall, this study contributes to the ethical and responsible use of AI applications.
The Longitudinal Impact of Standardized Patient Encounters During Professional Education on Athletic Training Professional Practice
Authors: Armstrong Kirk J. , Jarriel Amanda J. , Hardin Brittney M.
Published: August 2021

Context

Inquiry into the use of standardized patients (SPs) is growing in athletic training education; however, the impact of these SP encounters has not been examined beyond professional education.

Objective

To understand how SP encounters during professional education benefited clinicians in their current clinical practice and in their transition to practice.

Design

Consensual qualitative research.

Setting

Individual phone interviews.

Patients or Other Participants

Thirteen professionals (7 women, 6 men; mean age = 28.15 ± 6.04 years) with postprofessional experience averaging 3.5 years (3.69 ± 1.43 years) participated in this study. Participant practice settings included college/university (4), high school (7), outpatient clinic (1), and military (1). Interviews were conducted until data saturation occurred.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Data were collected via semistructured interviews, which were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Using a consensual qualitative research design, data were independently analyzed by a 3-person team, who independently coded the data and compared ideas until consensus was reached. Trustworthiness was established through member checks.

Results

Two themes emerged from the findings that described the participants' perceptions of how they felt using SPs in the ATP facilitated their growth as a health care professional: (1) personal growth/development and (2) professional growth/development. Participants specifically noted that these encounters enhanced confidence, critical thinking, interpersonal communication, and patient rapport and aided in transition to practice.

Conclusions

Athletic training professionals who experienced SPs during professional education revealed an increase in perceived confidence in clinical and interpersonal skills as they transitioned to independent practice. Additionally, participants highlighted that SP encounters should continue throughout the athletic training curriculum. Future research should involve participants from postbaccalaureate programs, as well as postprofessional and residency programs.
Peptide-Based Enteral Nutrition for Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Wang Ke , Zhang Zhidan
Published: August 2021

Abstract

This review discusses the clinical beneficial effects of peptide-based enteral nutrition (EN) for critically ill patients, especially those with gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction. The GI dysfunction is very common in critically ill patients and always leads to intolerance of enteral feeding. Experimental and clinical studies suggest that peptide-based EN can be easily digested and absorbed by the GI tract which improving the feeding intolerance and provide better nutritional effects for critically ill patients. In addition, peptide-based EN may also have anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and immune-modulation effects and can facilitate muscle protein synthesis to improve muscle weakness which is commonly seen in critically ill patients. Peptide-based EN may have both nutritional and nonnutritional beneficial effects for critically ill patients. Further, large prospective randomized clinical trials should to be done to make the definite results.
Giant Inverse T-wave in a Patient with COVID-19
Authors: Camargo-Martinez William Camilo , Lozada-Martinez Ivan David , Osorio Alberto Andrés , Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael , Janjua Tariq
Published: August 2021

Abstract

It has been described that COVID-19 is a dynamic behavior and systemic affectation entity, so it is essential to develop the diagnostic and prognostic tools which allows to specifically identify target organ damage. The electrocardiographic finding of an inverse T-wave suggests transient apical dysfunction of the left ventricle, generating confusion among different heart diseases. However, despite the lack of troponin elevation and other myocardial injury signs, this finding is unspecific, especially in the patient with COVID-19. The aim of this manuscript is to present the case of a patient with COVID-19 without a previous diagnosis of heart disease, which manifests an isolated inverse T-wave.
CHEMICAL WEED CONTROL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR WHEAT
Authors: Fırat PALA  , Husrev MENNAN
Published: August 2021

A field study was conducted to evaluate the compatibility of herbicide tank mixtures in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Sagittario cv. in 2017-2019. Weed Index (VI) and Crop Injury (CI) of three mixtures prominent was recorded with mesosulfuron-methyl plus 2.4-D ethylhexyl ester + florasulam (5.8% and 1.5%) followed by pyroxsulam + florasulam  + cloquintocet-mexyl plus 2.4-D dimethylamine salt (6.3% and 1.6%), and mesosulfuron-methyl + iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium plus bromoxynil + MCPA (7.1% and 0.0%), respectively. Weed Control Efficiency (WCE) was maximum with mesosulfuron-methyl + mefenpyr-diethyl plus 2.4-D ethylhexyl ester + florasulam so, Cirsium arvense (90%) heavily damaged; Avena fatua (98%), Avena sterilis (94%), and Papaver rhoeas (96%), Sinapis arvensis (95%) very heavy damaged (severe chlorosis and/or dead leaves); Galium aparine, Phalaris brachystachys, and Ranunculus arvensis were completely killed (100%, dead). Consequently, mesosulfuron-methyl + mefenpyr-diethyl plus 2.4-D ethylhexyl ester + florasulam herbicide mixture is recommended to provide weed control efficiency and wheat production safely. The compatibility of herbicides is necessary for sustainable weed management as it leads to reduced input costs, to prevent economic losses and to less pollution of the ecological environment. In addition, the conditions may require that the herbicides be applied with fungicides, insecticides or foliar fertilizers, and growers wish to know the safety of these mixtures. Therefore, studies on the compatibility of chemicals used in agriculture were considered to be needed.
On the Cartesian product of of an arbitrarily partitionable graph and a traceable graph
Authors: Baudon Olivier , Bensmail Julien , Kalinowski Rafał , Marczyk Antoni , Przybyło Jakub , Wozniak Mariusz
Published: August 2021

Graph Theory

A graph G of order n is called arbitrarily partitionable (AP, for short) if, for every sequence τ=(n1,\textellipsis,nk) of positive integers that sum up to n, there exists a partition (V1,\textellipsis,Vk) of the vertex set V(G) such that each set Vi induces a connected subgraph of order ni. A graph G is called AP+1 if, given a vertex u∈V(G) and an index q∈ {1,\textellipsis,k}, such a partition exists with u∈Vq. We consider the Cartesian product of AP graphs. We prove that if G is AP+1 and H is traceable, then the Cartesian product G□ H is AP+1. We also prove that G□H is AP, whenever G and H are AP and the order of one of them is not greater than four.
Efficient open domination in graph products
Authors: Kuziak Dorota , Peterin Iztok , Yero Ismael Gonzalez
Published: August 2021

Graph Theory

A graph G is an efficient open domination graph if there exists a subset D of V(G) for which the open neighborhoods centered in vertices of D form a partition of V(G). We completely describe efficient open domination graphs among lexicographic, strong, and disjunctive products of graphs. For the Cartesian product we give a characterization when one factor is K2.
Descent c-Wilf Equivalence
Authors: Bach Quang T. , Remmel Jeffrey B.
Published: August 2021

Let $S_n$ denote the symmetric group. For any $\sigma \in S_n$, we let
$\mathrm{des}(\sigma)$ denote the number of descents of $\sigma$,
$\mathrm{inv}(\sigma)$ denote the number of inversions of $\sigma$, and
$\mathrm{LRmin}(\sigma)$ denote the number of left-to-right minima of $\sigma$.
For any sequence of statistics $\mathrm{stat}_1, \ldots \mathrm{stat}_k$ on
permutations, we say two permutations $\alpha$ and $\beta$ in $S_j$ are
$(\mathrm{stat}_1, \ldots \mathrm{stat}_k)$-c-Wilf equivalent if the generating
function of $\prod_{i=1}^k x_i^{\mathrm{stat}_i}$ over all permutations which
have no consecutive occurrences of $\alpha$ equals the generating function of
$\prod_{i=1}^k x_i^{\mathrm{stat}_i}$ over all permutations which have no
consecutive occurrences of $\beta$. We give many examples of pairs of
permutations $\alpha$ and $\beta$ in $S_j$ which are $\mathrm{des}$-c-Wilf
equivalent, $(\mathrm{des},\mathrm{inv})$-c-Wilf equivalent, and
$(\mathrm{des},\mathrm{inv},\mathrm{LRmin})$-c-Wilf equivalent. For example, we
will show that if $\alpha$ and $\beta$ are minimally overlapping permutations
in $S_j$ which start with 1 and end with the same element and
$\mathrm{des}(\alpha) = \mathrm{des}(\beta)$ and $\mathrm{inv}(\alpha) =
\mathrm{inv}(\beta)$, then $\alpha$ and $\beta$ are
$(\mathrm{des},\mathrm{inv})$-c-Wilf equivalent.
Asymptotics for minimal overlapping patterns for generalized Euler permutations, standard tableaux of rectangular shape, and column strict arrays
Authors: Pan Ran , Remmel Jeffrey B.
Published: August 2021

A permutation $\tau$ in the symmetric group $S_j$ is minimally overlapping if
any two consecutive occurrences of $\tau$ in a permutation $\sigma$ can share
at most one element. B\'ona \cite{B} showed that the proportion of minimal
overlapping patterns in $S_j$ is at least $3 -e$. Given a permutation $\sigma$,
we let $\text{Des}(\sigma)$ denote the set of descents of $\sigma$. We study
the class of permutations $\sigma \in S_{kn}$ whose descent set is contained in
the set $\{k,2k, \ldots (n-1)k\}$. For example, up-down permutations in
$S_{2n}$ are the set of permutations whose descent equal $\sigma$ such that
$\text{Des}(\sigma) = \{2,4, \ldots, 2n-2\}$. There are natural analogues of
the minimal overlapping permutations for such classes of permutations and we
study the proportion of minimal overlapping patterns for each such class. We
show that the proportion of minimal overlapping permutations in such classes
approaches $1$ as $k$ goes to infinity. We also study the proportion of minimal
overlapping patterns in standard Young tableaux of shape $(n^k)$.
Matchings of quadratic size extend to long cycles in hypercubes
Authors: Dvořák Tomáš
Published: August 2021

Ruskey and Savage in 1993 asked whether every matching in a hypercube can be
extended to a Hamiltonian cycle. A positive answer is known for perfect
matchings, but the general case has been resolved only for matchings of linear
size. In this paper we show that there is a quadratic function $q(n)$ such that
every matching in the $n$-dimensional hypercube of size at most $q(n)$ may be
extended to a cycle which covers at least $\frac34$ of the vertices.