bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding and Countering Misinformation About Climate Change
Authors: Cook John
Published: May 2019

While there is overwhelming scientific agreement on climate change, the public has become polarized over fundamental questions such as human-caused global warming. Communication strategies to reduce polarization rarely address the underlying cause: ideologically-driven misinformation. In order to effectively counter misinformation campaigns, scientists, communicators, and educators need to understand the arguments and techniques in climate science denial, as well as adopt evidence-based approaches to neutralizing misinforming content. This chapter reviews analyses of climate misinformation, outlining a range of denialist arguments and fallacies. Identifying and deconstructing these different types of arguments is necessary to design appropriate interventions that effectively neutralize the misinformation. This chapter also reviews research into how to counter misinformation using communication interventions such as inoculation, educational approaches such as misconception-based learning, and the interdisciplinary combination of technology and psychology known as technocognition.
The Pragmatics of Political Deception on Facebook
Authors: Olajimbiti Ezekiel
Published: May 2019

Facebook, an intrinsic part of 21st century social realities where cognitive-participatory activities are largely captured, is consistently explored for political deception. This chapter investigates how participants utilize language to deceive politically the Nigerian electorate on Facebook. For data, 250 Facebook posts on Nigerian politics were sampled, out of which 50 were purposefully selected for being highly rich in deceptive content in order to unpack online deception through multimodal critical discourse analysis. Four deceptive forms—equivocation of identity, exaggeration of performance, falsification of corruption cases, and concealment of offences—within two socio-political contexts—election and opposition—constituted the posts. These prompt an evocation of a messianic figure, blunt condemnation, and evocation of sympathy and retrospection to achieve the political intentions of criticism, self-presentation, silent opposition, and galvanizing public support. The chapter concludes that political propaganda taps into Facebook users to appeal to their political biases and sway their opinions.
Troll Farm
Authors: Reynard Leslie J.
Published: May 2019

Anonymity can create cowards. Perceptions of mistreatment can create an urge for revenge. And online social media platforms create opportunities to exact vengeance. This chapter provides an overview of online character assassination as it has evolved within a profusion of social media sites offering forums for uncensored airing of opinions. When opinions constitute political speech, they can be life-threatening. When opinions are commercial speech rating character and competence of professionals, digital defamation can threaten livelihood. In commercial arenas, victims often feel helpless to protect their reputations; however, some legal remedies may be available. This essay investigates the nature of abusive communication online, the role anonymity plays in digital attacks, and psychological characteristics associated with trolls and cyber-bullies. Case studies of individuals' efforts to defend themselves from online character assassination illustrate concepts discussed and strategies being used for online reputational self-defense.
I Do and I Understand
Authors: Mitchell Claire
Published: May 2019

As a result of globalization, World Language Education has experienced considerable changes within recent decades. With these changes, there is a need for new approaches to teaching and learning a world language, as there is a growing mismatch between language use in the real world and the approach to teaching a world language in the classroom. This chapter, then, presents a pedagogical model that was implemented in an Introduction to Second Language Acquisition course in order to adequately prepare teacher candidates for their future careers as educators in a globalized society. In particular, the model in this chapter discusses authentic experiences grounded in inquiry-based learning that provide opportunities for teacher candidates to collaboratively research current trends in the field of World Language Education and put them into practice through undergraduate research projects.
Audio Description and Its Application in Spanish Language Glottodidactics
Authors: Palion-Musioł Agnieszka
Published: May 2019

Audio description is an intersemiotic translation consisting of translating visual content and images into a verbal layer. Most often, it is used in audiovisual materials, in museums, cinemas, theaters, stadiums, etc. It can also be successfully applied to foreign language classes. On the one hand, it creates excellent opportunities to practice all language skills in an integrated manner and to gain the intercultural competence. The aim of the chapter is to present the audio description technique in terms of transferring it and using it during language classes as a technique supporting the use of audiovisual materials, placing special emphasis on the student's intercultural competence, which, according to the author's assumption, is the result of the learner's ethnographic attitude. The learner, basing on the study of his own culture, being free from prejudices, analyzes the culture of a foreign language and compares it with his/her own culture in order to interpret, understand, and describe it, not to evaluate it.
Delineating the Cloud Journey
Authors: Raj Pethuru , Lin Jenn-Wei
Published: May 2019

There are a number of noteworthy improvements and improvisations in the fields of information and communication technology (ICT) in the recent past. These continuous and consistent advancements have a direct and decisive impact on business offerings, operations, and outputs. Worldwide business enterprises, service providers, product vendors, government organizations, academic institutions, etc. are being sagaciously and strategically empowered through the distinct ICT capabilities. Especially, the role and responsibility of information technology (IT) is consistently on the rise for producing and sustaining next-generation business establishments. Precisely speaking, business acceleration and augmentation get fluently fulfilled through IT. Therefore, IT is being widely pronounced and presented as the best enabler of businesses. All kinds of business needs such as agility, affordability, adaptivity, customer propensity and delight, business productivity and expansion, etc. are being provided and performed through the growing list of innovations in the enigmatic IT domain. Cloud computing is the recent phenomenon in the IT domain bringing forth a number of crucial innovations, disruptions, and transformations for businesses and people. The cloud idea has permeated deeply and decisively and is being touted as the one-stop IT solution for all kinds of business needs. The cloud journey started a decade back and is steadily growing to bring in desired automation for businesses. This chapter is specially allocated for conveying the humble beginning, the sustained growth of the cloud idea, and the benefits for institutions, individuals, and innovators.
Impact of Cloud of Clouds in Enterprises Applications
Authors: Lavanya S.  , Susila N.  , Venkatachalam K.
Published: May 2019

In recent times, the cloud has become a leading technology demanding its functionality in every business. According to research firm IDC and Gartner study, nearly one-third of the worldwide enterprise application market will be SaaS-based by 2018, driving annual SaaS revenue to $50.8 billion, from $22.6 billion in 2013. Downtime is treated as the primary drawback which may affect great deals in businesses. The service unavailability leads to a major disruption affecting the business environment. Hence, utmost care should be taken to scale the availability of services. As cloud computing has plenty of uncertainty with respect to network bandwidth and resources accessibility, delegating the computing resources as services should be scheduled accordingly. This chapter proposes a study on cloud of clouds and its impact on a business enterprise. It is also decided to propose a suitable scheduling algorithm to the cloud of cloud environment so as to trim the downtime problem faced by the cloud computing environment.
Resource-Aware Allocation and Load-Balancing Algorithms for Cloud Computing
Authors: Malarvizhi N. , Aswini J. , Neeba E. A.
Published: May 2019

Dynamic cloud computing technique enables resources to be assigned to different clients based on the current demand of each client turning the cloud to a limitless computational platform with limitless storage space which improves the performance of cloud services. To achieve best resource allocation in dynamic hosting frameworks, cloud service providers should provision resources intelligently to all clients. Cloud computing empowers consumers to access online resources using the internet, from anywhere at any time without considering the underlying hardware, technical management, and maintenance problems of the original resources. In this chapter, the authors present a detail study of various resource allocation and other scheduling challenges as well as cloud simulation frameworks tools like CloudSim and ICanCloud.
New Era in the Supply Chain Management With Blockchain
Authors: Alvarado Jesus , Halgamuge Malka N.
Published: May 2019

The results show that transparency and auditability, security and indelibility, and distribution and sustainability are the key attributes of blockchain-based solutions in 56% of the articles reviewed. These three aspects represent the foundation of blockchain technologies which may contribute positively to improve supply management processes. Moreover, immutability, tracking and tracing, and smart contracts are also included in nearly a third of the cases. Moreover, efficiencies and costs through this technology would reduce the costs in payment of intermediaries, reduce paperwork, and help in the shipment of physical documents. Supply chain plays a critical role in the global trade and urgently needs to reassess its models in searching for greater efficiencies. Moreover, better results in visibility across the chain will increase trust for the customers and all interested parties. Secure transactions, strong security mechanisms that prevent fraud and illegal practices, could be achieved through the blockchain.
Smart Homes as a Solution for Sustainable and More Inclusive Retrofitting of Existing Buildings
Authors: Pleșea Doru Alexandru , Onete Bogdan Cristian , Zgură Ion Daniel
Published: May 2019

All around the world, taking stock of buildings older than 1970, when the first energy efficiency arose, is an important one. Today, all urban agglomerations confront themselves with environmental problems generated by air pollution, cars, and buildings, vie for the first place as the highest polluters. In the future, cities will become increasingly populated, and as a result these problems will more and more affect the quality of life. A way to prevent this scenario is a gradual transition to smart cities. In this approach, smart houses will become indispensable. In order to maintain unaltered cities' specificity, the only acceptable solution is to retrofit old buildings, especially of those classified as historical monuments or as iconic buildings. By retrofitting these buildings, they could be prepared for integration in future cities.
Building Information Modeling for Energy Retrofitting
Authors: Fratila Laurentiu Catalin
Published: May 2019

In the era of strong IT development, superior processing of information is a desideratum in any business. Used in modeling and simulation, information has better capitalization, having a cognitive role; introduced in various algorithms and models can generate knowledge and wisdom. The processing of information is realized within the information systems (IS). A sub-domain of the energy sector that has developed in recent years is energy retrofitting, seen as a border subdomain, including specific elements from building construction and the energy field, for building analysis and construction process to achieve much larger energy savings. The development of retrofitting can be organized, through using BEM (Building Energy Model) and Building Information Modeling (BIM) models.
The Impact of Coaching Leadership on Employees' Positive Outcomes
Authors: Ribeiro Neuza , Menezes Rita
Published: May 2019

Leaders resort to a coaching leadership style—which relies heavily on listening, helping, supporting, developing, removing obstacles, and empowering others—to promote valuable work experiences and positive attitudinal and behavioral responses from employees. These employees' outcomes are an important part of organizational success. In this chapter, the authors examine the connection between coaching leadership style and employees' affective commitment, creativity, and customer orientation. A quantitative study was carried out based on the perceptions of 80 front office workers from different Portuguese organizations on their leaders and their own attitudes and behaviors. The results, consistent with existing literature, indicated that, when leaders adopt a coaching leadership style, their followers are more affectively committed, exhibit more creative behavior, and perform in a more customer-oriented way.
Application of Equity Theory on Adult Learning
Authors: Perera Jami Thejanee , Sutha Jayaranjani
Published: May 2019

Learning is a complicated process, notwithstanding the fact that the individual learners, particularly adults, are complicated beings. Adult learning is a subject of ever-growing interest. With the changing demographic situation of the developed world, there has been a focus on the concept of lifelong learning. Studying adult learning theory is rapidly growing across the globe in the context of human resource development. The application of equity theory and its impacts are rarely considered in studies of adult learning and human resource development, and the link between the two theories are remains unclear. In fact, the role of equity theory and its impacts are rarely considered in studies of adult learning and human resource development. Hence, through the structured literature review, this chapter explores the role of equity theory in the context of adult learning theory and through that identifies the theoretical gaps and gives suggestions for future research.
A Crowdsourcing Approach in Urban Design
Authors: Abusaada Hisham , Elshater Abeer
Published: May 2019

This chapter examines the problem of excessive similarity when designing new cities. It focuses on the generating of innovative ideas through urban design paradigms. The purpose of this work is to support the efforts of planners and designers toward the creation of new cities based on the concept of cities of singularity. This chapter is a bibliographic review of some conventional Western paradigms in urban planning and design. Based on this work, the three initial singularities of cities can be sketched as being architecturally singular (artwork-like/artistic and organic), societally singular (social, economic, and transcultural), or technologically and informationally singular (smart) in nature. The analytical reading depends on content analysis—which follows the potentiality of exploring the meaning of singularity and its characteristics, indicators, and principles. It collects the interrelationships of the old and new paradigms. The outcomes provide a framework for creating ‘cities of singularity' based on a crowdsourcing approach.
Digital Simulation for the Outdoor Thermal Comfort Assessment
Authors: Farag Alshimaa Aboelmakarem , Badawi Sama , Doheim Rahma M.
Published: May 2019

Creating a successful public outdoor space for the city people is significantly affected by the sensation of thermal comfort, which is influenced by the local microclimate. With the increase in the complexity of the urban environment and the excessive change in the climate, there is a great need to quantitatively assess the thermal comfort in outdoor spaces to help designers and decision makers to establish the optimum scenario from the first stages of design. The traditional methods of assessment have been criticized for dependency on people's subjective perceptions and responses to different thermal environments. This chapter aims to explore the potentials and limitations of the “Digital Simulation” as one of the methods that allow objective assessment. This chapter tackles several related issues and discusses researchers' recent attempts and contributions, which would help the readers to understand the pros and cons of using the digital simulation method in outdoor thermal comfort assessment and proposes possible solutions for several challenges.
Internet of Things Interpreting a Myth
Authors: Abusaada Hisham , Elshater Abeer
Published: May 2019

The livability standard still has not considered the chaos city that may stem from or lead to cities of hardship. This chapter rectifies this by making the phenomena of chaos and hardship the centerpiece of the analysis. It depends on the internally displaced persons (IDPs) to display the characteristics of liability and the hardship of living and be the indicators of chaos city. This chapter addresses the non-perceptible processes of the IDPs from outside and inside Cairo in Egypt. This internal displacement supposes the lead-in to chaotic changes in the lifestyles of the cities; it can even be said that they become cities of hardship. The theoretical reading depends on conventional and digital methods (content analysis and the internet of things) to follow these changes, which occur not only due to migrations but also due to ignoring decentralization. The outcomes provide an action plan to create cities free from hardship, displacement, and chaos.
Theory, Data, and Methods
Authors: Ustaoglu Eda , Aydinoglu Arif Çagdaş
Published: May 2019

Land-use change models are tools to support analyses, assessments, and policy decisions concerning the causes and consequences of land-use dynamics, by providing a framework for the analysis of land-use change processes and making projections for the future land-use/cover patterns. There is a variety of modelling approaches that were developed from different disciplinary backgrounds. Following the reviews in the literature, this chapter focuses on various modelling tools and practices that range from pattern-based methods such as machine learning and GIS (Geographic Information System)-based approaches, to process-based methods such as structural economic or agent-based models. For each of these methods, an overview is given for the advances that have been progressed by geographers, natural and economy scientists in developing these models of spatial land-use change. It is noted that further progress is needed in terms of model development, and integration of models operating at various scales that better address the multi-scale characteristics of the land-use system.
Space Syntax Approach for Articulating Space and Social Life
Authors: Mohamed Abdelbaseer A.
Published: May 2019

This chapter sets out to provide a detailed description of the relationship between space and society. It begins by discussing how people co-live in spaces and how such spaces co-live as communities. Understanding the relationship between space and society requires shedding light on how (1) communities emerge and work and (2) people build their social network. The chapter's main premise is that spatial configuration is the container of activities and the way we construct our cities influences our social life. Therefore, the urban environment should be analyzed mathematically using urban models in order to evaluate and predict future urban policies. The chapter reviews a space-people paradigm, Space Syntax. It defines, elaborates, and interprets its main concepts and tools, showing how urban space is modelled and described in terms of various spatial measures including connectivity, integration, depth, choice, and isovist properties.
Rethinking Cairo's Informal Settlement in the Light of Hardships
Authors: Abayazeed Ahmed Hassan
Published: May 2019

This chapter aims at understanding and interpreting the informal urban growth in Cairo as a physical objection act against the failing radical ways in managing the city. Accordingly, this chapter tries to analyze both informal physical actions and the formal policies and approaches adopted, and reach reasons for the successes and failures. The chapter first investigates briefly the evolution of Cairo's informal settlements and the hardship conditions behind. Then it examines these settlements through analyzing their two main types. Afterward, it discusses the reasons behind the success of these informal actions. Then it reviews policies and approaches. Consequently, it tries to discover the reasons behind the failure of formal policies and approaches. Thereafter, it discusses briefly using geospatial digital research methods in Cairo's informal settlements. Finally, the chapter ends with a concluded discussion tries to figure out how to reach the right path in dealing with Cairo's informal settlements.
America as Ambivalent Superpower in Recent Mexican, Australian, and Chinese Media
Authors: Jimenez Christian
Published: May 2019

America as a superpower is alleged to be able to set the news agenda through framing devices that even foreign media often mimics. A noteworthy theory explaining how this agenda is set is given by E.S. Hermann and Noam Chomsky in their propaganda model (PM). The PM model would assume educated elites in the US and in other comparable states (like China) will simply reiterate the framing narrative given by a state. Five films from non-American directors are selected and several issues the state has a consensus on are used (immigration, Iraq) to test the PM. In only three cases was the PM confirmed and even in those not for the reasons given by Hermann and Chomsky. In two cases the PM was moderately disconfirmed. While the PM is a valuable model, it needs refinement by taking more seriously how ideas by social groups in society such as feminism and gender equality complicate the agenda of the state. The conclusion makes recommendations how the PM can be better built to examine how non-Americans view America through film and the mass media.
Representing Trump and Trumpism Through Caricature
Authors: Endong Floribert Patrick C. , Essoh Eugenie Grace
Published: May 2019

This chapter focuses on the Nigerian media representations of Donald Trump's controversial policies, statements and style of government. It specifically examines Nigerian caricaturists' criticism of these aspects of American politics through a semiotic analysis of six editorial cartoons penned by Boglo G. and published in the Nigerian online magazine Nasoweseeam, from 2016 to 2018. In the light of the semiotic analysis conducted in the study, the chapter argues that Nigerian political cartoonists have continuously given a remarkable attention to U.S. politics (notably Trump's presidency), particularly exploring the angle of U.S. policies' impact on Nigeria(ns). Their cartoons have been tapping into both universal myths and local idiosyncrasies to represent the Trump administration in particular, and the American nation as a whole. Such a representation has mostly been negative. Icons, indexes and symbols have thus, most often been mobilized in their cartoons to associate Trump, Trumpism and/or America as a whole with such negativities as racism, Islamophobia, Nazism, xenophobia and authoritarianism, among others.
Knowledge Sharing Initiatives in Software Companies
Authors: Vasanthapriyan Shanmuganathan
Published: May 2019

This mapping study aims to investigate knowledge sharing initiatives in software companies based on existing studies from 2005 to 2017. Initially, search string was applied in seven digital repositories. Snowballing and direct search on publications were conducted to reduce the limitation of accessing specific databases. Regarding 15 selected studies, a variety of aspects; publication year and source, research type, purpose, and types of knowledge been used; were concerned. According to findings, a majority of studies have been focused on factors affecting knowledge sharing and point out organizational commitment as the most undergoing influencer on knowledge sharing. Findings further prove criticality of knowledge sharing for sustainability of software companies. Contrary to that, findings provide convincing evidence on improper knowledge sharing systems as the highly referred problem associated with knowledge sharing in software companies and provide new directions to future research.
Knowledge Management Initiatives in Agile Software Development
Authors: Vasanthapriyan Shanmuganathan
Published: May 2019

Agile software development (ASD) is a knowledge-intensive and collaborative activity and thus Knowledge Management (KM) principals should be applied to improve the productivity of the whole ASD process from the beginning to the end of the phase. The goal is to map the evidence available on existing researches on KM initiatives in ASD in order to identify the state of the art in the area as well as the future research. Therefore, investigation of various aspects such as purposes, types of knowledge, technologies and research type are essential. The authors conducted a systematic review of literature published between 2010 and December 2017 and identified 12 studies that discuss agile requirements engineering. They formulated and applied specific inclusion and exclusion criteria in two distinct rounds to determine the most relevant studies for their research goal. Reuse of knowledge of the team is the perspective that has received more attention.
Big Data and Global Software Engineering
Authors: Kashyap Ramgopal
Published: May 2019

A large vault of terabytes of information created every day from present-day data frameworks and digital innovations, for example, the internet of things and distributed computing. Investigation of this enormous information requires a ton of endeavors at different dimensions to separate learning for central leadership. An examination is an ebb-and-flow territory of innovative work. The fundamental goal of this paper is to investigate the potential effect of enormous information challenges, open research issues, and different instruments related to it. Subsequently, this article gives a stage to study big data at various stages. It opens another skyline for analysts to build up the arrangement in light of the difficulties, and open research issues. The article comprehended that each large information stage has its core interest. Some of this is intended for bunch handling while some are great at constant scientific. Each large information stage likewise has explicit usefulness. Unique procedures were utilized for the investigation.
Stadiums as a Narrative Space in Advertising
Authors: Sirer Esennur
Published: May 2019

Football, which forms a fun part of our lives and takes part in our daily chat topics, is naturally the focus of attention of advertisers. The stadiums, where football is transformed into a feast, serve as a billboard with live atmospheres. Field edges, the area where the technicians stand, footballer and spectators create an environment for advertising narrative. It is television that reproduces football for advertising. Technology has a major contribution to the creation of this. Thus, anyone who cannot go to the match will have the feeling of being in the stadium. The purpose of the football matches broadcast live on television, is to reach an audience which cannot watch the match in person. The audience is presented with a lifestyle along with by-products.
Historical Transformation of Unique Selling Proposition (USP) in Advertising Narration
Authors: Basal Bilgen
Published: May 2019

In this chapter, historical transformation of unique selling proposition (USP) concept will be examined. The significance and the functions of it will be analyzed in building a positive attitude towards the brand and ultimately the brand recall in advertising narration. In advertising history, the roots of USP date back to reason-why advertising concept proposed by John E. Kennedy, who went on to explain that advertising should give prospects reasons why they should buy the product being advertised and why it was a better buy than competing products. Later, Claude C. Hopkins believed that advertising should be built around a single selling point and developed the preemptive claim technique establishing a product's uniqueness. Hopkins's pre-emptive claim later became USP in the hands of Rosser Reeves. Even today, Hopkins's rules are a staple of marketing textbooks and the foundation of millions of advertisement campaigns. The term USP has been enhanced by the concept of a positioning statement, which was popularized by the marketing professionals and authors Al Ries and Jack Trout.
Development of Digital Communication Technologies and the New Media
Authors: Ulker-Demirel Elif
Published: May 2019

From day to day, an ever-changing and differentiated technological structure has played an essential role in the change of relations between businesses, people, and society in general. Along with the technological innovations being a part of everyday life, besides the traditional communication tools used, many different mechanisms have become a necessity in our lives. However, this change has become a focal point for brands in the way of communicating with their target consumers. In addition to the use of traditional communication tools such as television, radio, and print media, many different aspects of advertising, along with the power of the internet and social media, exist in various forms such as mobile advertising, location-based services, advergames, blogs, online content, viral advertising, and virtual reality. At this point, it is aimed to examine the transformation of communication tools from Web 1.0 to Web 3.0 and to focus new media tools.
The Irony as a Narrative Advertising Strategy
Authors: Bolat Nursel
Published: May 2019

The irony is considered to be the exact opposite of what is said. Under the serious image of what is said, the opposite discourse is aimed at attracting action to the point of contradiction. The irony is an indirect transfer of what is meant by mimic, gesture and intonation with a critical approach. In addition to its intensive use in Ironic literature and philosophy, it has a narrative feature which is also preferred by the advertising sector. The use of intellectuals in society against the contradiction of the thought of the irony actually requires instant intelligence and body language experience.
Brand Storytelling and Narrative Advertising
Authors: Çetinkaya Özlem Akgüç
Published: May 2019

The stories in the basis of human life and the culture of societies have been mediated by the fact that individuals have been able to make sense of their own selves for centuries. Similarly, stories are important for brands to identify their own identities and to recognize their target groups: Stories that accurately reflect the personality of the brand play an important role in the formation of the brand image and identity. As a marketing tactic, storytelling is based on the proposition that people remember information better when it is described as a story rather than as a fact list. The most important purpose of advertising is to stay in mind and even dig in the memory of its recipients. For this reason, the repetition of the product name, slogans and logos are no longer enough alone in today's communication-overloaded and heavy-competition conditions. In this study, based on the concept of narrative and its origins, an evaluation of both traditional and transmedia narrative formats related to the process of creating a brand story and the narrative use in advertising has been made.
Investigating Machine Learning Techniques for User Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Patel Nimesh V , Chhinkaniwala Hitesh
Published: May 2019

Sentiment analysis identifies users in the textual reviews available in social networking sites, tweets, blog posts, forums, status updates to share their emotions or reviews and these reviews are to be used by market researchers to do know the product reviews and current trends in the market. The sentiment analysis is performed by two methods. Machine learning approaches and lexicon methods which are also known as the knowledge base approach. These. In this article, the authors evaluate the performance of some machine learning techniques: Maximum Entropy, Naïve Bayes and Support Vector Machines on two benchmark datasets: the positive-negative dataset and a Movie Review dataset by measuring parameters like accuracy, precision, recall and F-score. In this article, the authors present the performance of various sentiment analysis and classification methods by classifying the reviews in binary classes as positive, negative opinion about reviews on different domains of dataset. It is also justified that sentiment analysis using the Support Vector Machine outperforms other machine learning techniques.
ROVETS
Authors: Asabere Nana Yaw , Acakpovi Amevi
Published: May 2019

As a result of the tremendous proliferation of sessions at academic conferences, recommending appropriate venues for researchers has become a considerable problem. In this article, the authors propose an innovative recommender algorithm called Recommendation of Venues and Environments Through Social-Awareness (ROVETS). ROVETS seeks to enhance the social awareness of attendees at a smart conference. ROVETS initially employs closeness centrality and Breadth First Search (BFS) to detect potential presenters for a target attendee. Then, the accurate tie strength between the attendees and presenters as well as the degree centrality of the presenters are computed based on similarity of their research interests. Using the computations above, ROVETS generates effective recommendations pertaining to venues for attendees who have high tie strength with presenters. Through a relevant real-world dataset, this article evaluates the proposed recommender algorithm. These experimental results validate that ROVETS exhibits favorable enhancements over other existing state-of-the-art methods.
Web Summarization and Browsing Through Semantic Tag Clouds
Authors: Rinaldi Antonio M.
Published: May 2019

The need to manage electronic documents is an open issue in the digital era. It becomes a challenging problem on the internet where a large amount of data needs even more efficient and effective methods and techniques for mining and representing information. In this context, document summarization, browsing processes and visualization techniques have had a great impact on several dimensions of user information perception. In this context, the use of ontologies for knowledge representation has rapidly grown in the last years in several application domains together with social-based techniques such as tag clouds. This form of visualization tool is becoming particularly useful in the interaction process between users and social applications where a huge amount of data needs to have effective and efficient interfaces. In this article, the authors propose a novel methodology based on a combination of ontologies and Tag Clouds for web document collections browsing and summarizing, they call this tool Semantic Tag Cloud.
A Formal Model for Managing Multiple Observation Data in Agriculture
Authors: Jearanaiwongkul Watanee , Andres Frederic , Anutariya Chutiporn
Published: May 2019

Nowadays, farmers can search for treatments for their plants using search engines and applications. Most existing works are developed in the form of rule-based question answering platforms. However, an observation could be incorrectly given by the farmer. This work recommends that diseases and treatments must be considered from a set of related observations. Thus, we develop a theoretical framework for systems to manage a farmer's observation data. We investigate and formalize desirable characteristics of such systems. The observation data is attached with a geolocation in which related contextual data is found. The framework is formalized based on algebra, in which required types and functions are identified. Its key characteristics are described by: (1) the defined type called warncons for representing observation data; (2) the similarity function for warncons; and (3) the warncons composition function for composing similar warncons. Finally, we show that the framework helps observation data to become richer and improve advice-finding.
Towards Building an Arabic Plagiarism Detection System: Plagiarism Detection in Arabic
Authors: Khan Imtiaz Hussain , Siddiqui Muazzam Ahmed , Jambi Kamal M.
Published: May 2019

This article describes a plagiarism detection system for the Arabic language that combines different similarity-measure techniques to uncover plagiarism in Arabic documents. The proposed system consists of two main components, one document-retrieval and the other detailed similarity analysis. The document-retrieval component generates queries from a given suspicious document and makes use of Google search API to retrieve candidate source documents from the Web. The similarity analysis component takes each source document in turn and attempts to identify the plagiarized parts in the suspicious document. The proposed system is thoroughly evaluated using an indigenous corpus. At the document-retrieval level, the system achieved above 75% accuracy in terms of f-score, whereas at the detailed similarity-computation level, the f-score is above 70%.
Machine Learning for Emergency Department Management
Authors: Benbelkacem Sofia , Kadri Farid , Atmani Baghdad , Chaabane Sondès
Published: May 2019

Nowadays, emergency department services are confronted to an increasing demand. This situation causes emergency department overcrowding which often increases the length of stay of patients and leads to strain situations. To overcome this issue, emergency department managers must predict the length of stay. In this work, the researchers propose to use machine learning techniques to set up a methodology that supports the management of emergency departments (EDs). The target of this work is to predict the length of stay of patients in the ED in order to prevent strain situations. The experiments were carried out on a real database collected from the pediatric emergency department (PED) in Lille regional hospital center, France. Different machine learning techniques have been used to build the best prediction models. The results seem better with Naive Bayes, C4.5 and SVM methods. In addition, the models based on a subset of attributes proved to be more efficient than models based on the set of attributes.
An Eco-System Architectural Model for Delivering Educational Services to Children With Learning Problems in Basic Mathematics
Authors: Esparza Miguel Angel Ortiz , Arteaga Jaime Muñoz , Mendoza José Eder Guzman , Canul-Reich Juana , Broisin Julien
Published: May 2019

A large diverse amount of educational content can dynamically contribute to the construction of basic knowledge for elementary school children. These contents can be used to develop or expand such knowledge and this becomes different when it needs to be applied to children with learning problems in basic mathematics. Then, it is necessary to manage effectively educational resources. The current work proposes the use of an architectural model in order to support teaching activities of a multidisciplinary group of specialist in inclusive education. A case study presents here some examples of teaching activities such as the specification of context and the management of educational resources according the learning problems of children at elementary school.
The Contemporary Ethical and Privacy Issues of Smart Medical Fields
Authors: Chang Victor , Shi Yujie , Zhang Yan
Published: May 2019

With the development of big data technology, such as data mining and data matching, many industries have started a revolution, including medical field. Big data not only strengthens the accuracy of medical diagnosis, but it also enhances the efficiency of the entire medical system and relevant medical staff. Additionally, with the rethinking of innovation, the application of wearable intelligent device, RFID technology and sensor technology play positive roles in promoting medical interaction between hospital system and wearer. Smart medical provides effective methods for individual health management and promotes the progress of medical information. However, there are also some inevitable ethical problems, e.g., the leakage of privacy information, which cannot be avoided to some extents. The authors recommend some suggestions to reduce the possibilities of ethical problems happened during the data flow process.
Normalized Sprint Estimation
Authors: Kumar Shailesh
Published: May 2019

Accurate estimation of software projects is quintessential for overall success of the project. Estimation of agile projects adopted in most of the modern software projects is challenging due to lack of historical data and due to dynamic characteristics of the agile projects. In this paper we introduce “Normalized Sprint Estimation” method which factors in dynamic characteristics of the agile projects such as non-functional requirements, sprint success factors and such. The author applied the normalized sprint estimation method to 14 sprints from three digital projects and the predicted estimation values had Pred (0.3), more than 80%. Though the normalized sprint estimation model is tested for digital projects, the same methodology can be applied for software projects from other domains as well.
Text Steganography Approaches Using Similarity of English Font Styles
Authors: El Rahman Sahar A.
Published: May 2019

Data protection has become a more critical issue and the necessity to secure a transmission channel is become more serious. Therefore, steganography, the art of hidden data into a digital media in a way that embed a secret message in the cover document without permitting anyone to suspect the data existence except the intended recipient, has become a relevant topic of research. The actual challenge in steganography is how it could obtain high robustness and capacity without damaging the cover document imperceptibility. This article presents two steganography approaches that based on the Similarity of English Font Styles (SEFS). This process has the main document font style replaced by a similar font style to embed the secret message after encoding it. This is done by using 1) the upper-case letters and punctuation marks of the carrier document or 2) the white space between words, start and end letters of each word that has more than 2 letters in the carrier document. These approaches are tested by being applied to various document formats with various font styles. From the findings, the secret message was vague to an antagonist and the stego-document size was increased and the capacity is very high. Also, the approaches are implemented using C# to develop a tool that hides a critical data in text document and the same findings were achieved.
Feasibility and Application of 3D-ORIGAMI Modeling System Utilizing Mobile Device
Authors: Ogawa Risa , Fujimoto Takayuki
Published: May 2019

Origami, a well-known Japanese traditional handicraft work, is the very popular art for Japanese. The delicate design of origami is characteristic of Japaneseness, origami is considered part of a mysterious culture. In this study, the authors suggest the system by which the user can experience 3D expression easily with a smartphone. They develop the app for foreign people by which they can enjoy Japanese origami culture easily and suggest the system that enables the experience of the 3D expression by using the plastic reflector. Moreover, they enhance utility for the system by increasing the number of contents. They also evaluate the system and examine the utility.
Filter/Wrapper Methods for Gene Selection and Classification of Microarray Dataset
Authors: Mekour Norreddine , Hamou Reda Mohamed , Amine Abdelmalek
Published: May 2019

A wide variety of large-scale information has been made within the extraction of genomic information and the extraction of data. Problems addressed embody ordination sequencing, supermolecule structure modeling, or the reconstruction of biological process trees (phylogeny). These issues need collaboration between biologists and computer scientists as a result of the issues to be of nice recursive difficulties. One of the most modern problems that gene expression data is resolved is with feature selection. There are two general approaches for feature selection: filter approach and wrapper approach. In this article, the authors propose a new approach when combining the filter approach with method ranked information gain and a wrapper approach with the searching method of the genetic algorithm.in order to test their overall performance, an experimental study is presented based on two gene microarray datasets found in bioinformatics and biomedical domains leukemia, and the central nervous system (CNS). The classifier Decision tree (C4.5) is used for improving the classification performance. The results show that their approach selects genes for additional correct classification emphasizes the effectiveness of the chosen genes and its ability to filter the information from unsuitable genes.
Energy Efficient Level by Level Scheduling for Multiple Workflows in Cloud
Authors: Garg Ritu , Shukla Neha
Published: May 2019

Cloud computing provides paradigms for hosting a large number of services by providing configurable computing resources on demand, causing multiple applications to be hosted simultaneously in the form of multiple workflows which requires large scale data centers. The reduction in energy consumption is one of the major concerns of large-scale data centers. In this article, the authors develop a multiple workflow scheduling heuristic with the aim to reduce energy consumption along with the execution time. In the proposed approach, first tasks are considered level by level following the precedence constraints as a result of the tasks multiple DAGs could run in parallel. The tasks at each level are considered in the order of their ranking and scheduled on the efficient processor based on their estimated finish time where idle slots of resources are used to reduce the overall makespan and energy consumption. Finally, DVFS is applied during idle slots and the communication phase to reduce energy consumption further by scaling the frequency to appropriate level.
Atomically Precise Manufacturing and Responsible Innovation
Authors: Umbrello Steven
Published: May 2019

Although continued investments in nanotechnology are made, atomically precise manufacturing (APM) to date is still regarded as speculative technology. APM, also known as molecular manufacturing, is a token example of a converging technology, has great potential to impact and be affected by other emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and ICT. The development of APM thus can have drastic global impacts depending on how it is designed and used. This article argues that the ethical issues that arise from APM - as both a standalone technology or as a converging one - affects the roles of stakeholders in such a way as to warrant an alternate means furthering responsible innovation in APM research. This article introduces a value-based design methodology called value sensitive design (VSD) that may serve as a suitable framework to adequately cater to the values of stakeholders. Ultimately, it is concluded that VSD is a strong candidate framework for addressing the moral concerns of stakeholders during the preliminary stages of technological development.