bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medical Students’ Knowledge and Attitudes about Artificial Intelligence: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: EKER Amber , ÇALIŞKAN Ahmet Asım , ZORALİ Aysel , KAYNAK Bensu , DERİN Mehmet Erhan
Published: December 2023

Aim: Artificial intelligence (AI) may be explained as robotic systems that are made by humans. These robotic systems are designed based on statistics and used for executing functions of human-like behavior. AI has the potential to improve medicine and healthcare. AI is used in medical fields such as surgical areas and medical education. In the future, it will play a larger role in the field of medicine, as it does in many other fields. However, it is not discussed enough in today's medical education. The purpose of this study was to analyze the knowledge and attitude of medical students about AI in medicine.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among all the medical students in the international joint medical program of Eastern Mediterranean University carried out with Marmara University by using an online questionnaire. Students who were informed before the survey were asked to fill out the survey if they agreed to participate. The questionnaire included 3 parts; participant demographics, knowledge about AI, and attitudes toward AI. The results were collected and inspected via Microsoft Excel. The data from the survey were analyzed by chi-square tests using SPSS v26.
Results: 88 medical students responded online survey. Most of the survey responders (77%) were already aware of information related to AI in medicine. The majority of the participants acquired this information from mainly social media and media. Only 26.1% of students indicated that they learned something about AI from lectures. 29.5% of preclinic phase students believe that the human physician will be replaced by AI in the foreseeable future, but the percentage is decreased to 18.5% among clinic phase students. Male students significantly stated that they have a basic understanding of AI (p<0.05). Additionally, the participants who understand the technologies significantly thought that these developments make medicine more exciting (p<0.05).
Conclusions: The majority of medical students believe that AI would improve medicine. The students with more knowledge find the subject more exciting and less afraid. Since medicine and AI will more often be mentioned together in the future, future doctors should be equipped with information about AI during their medical education.
Distance Education Experience by Health Science Students During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Questionnaire-Based Study
Authors: AKYURT Nuran
Published: December 2023

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate distance education experience by health science students during COVID-19 pandemic in relation to sociodemographic factors.
Methods: A total of 192 health science students having distance education during pandemic via a live lesson system were included in this questionnaire-based survey. The online questionnaire form elicited items on participant characteristics, and personal opinions and experience on distance education, which were evaluated overall and with respect to gender, university (state vs. foundation) and place of residence (urban vs. rural) subgroups.
Results: Only 38.0% and 22.4% of students considered distance education to be sufficient for theory-based and practical-based courses, respectively. Distance education was considered less advantageous than on-campus education in terms of focusing the practical-based courses by 55.2% of students, and to be less effective in terms of gaining knowledge by 45.8%. Ability to record and later access to live lectures (61.5%, more commonly by males and for urban location) and pacing options (29.2%, more commonly by females and for rural location) were the most commonly reported advantages of distance education, while the most commonly reported disadvantages were technical problems (33.9%, more commonly for foundation universities and rural location), need for strong self-motivation/discipline (33.3%, more commonly for state universities and rural location) and lesser learning efficiency (29.2%, more commonly by females). Most of the students reported problems in regularly following the practical-based live courses (62.0%) and difficulties with following live courses due to limited personal access to a computer and the internet (82.8%). Distance education was considered less advantageous than on-campus education in terms of focusing the practical-based courses by 55.2% of students, and to be less effective in terms of gaining knowledge by 45.8%.
Conclusions: Our findings revealed that distance education experience during the COVID-19 pandemic was considered not satisfactory, particularly for practical-based courses, by most health science students. Technical and infrastructural resources, the compatibility of content and learning materials with the purpose of the course and the teaching skills and compliance of the instructors were considered as the major challenges in distance education, while the ability to record and later access to live lectures and pacing options were the main advantages of distance education.
Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Eleştirel Düşünme Eğilimleri, Yansıtıcı Öğrenme Anlayışları ve Akademik Başarıları Arasındaki İlişkisi
Authors: YURDAL Mustafa Onur , KINCAL Remzi Y.
Published: December 2023

Amaç: Eleştirel ve yansıtıcı düşünme, öğrencilerin mesleki uygulama alanlarını genişletmek için gerekli becerileri sağlamada sürdürülebilir gelişmeyi teşvik eden öğrenme deneyimlerini tasarlamada kilit faktörlerden biri olarak görülmektedir. Tıp eğitiminin birikimli bir şekilde ilerleyen sarmal program yapısı, içerdiği mesleksel becerilerin yoğunluğu ve çoğu zaman karmaşık problemlerin çözülmesi gerektiği olguların varlığı nedeniyle tıp öğrencilerin vakalara eleştirel yaklaşarak, özellikle edindikleri becerileri istenen düzeyde yansıtmaları beklenir. Bu araştırmada, eleştirel düşünme ve yansıtıcı öğrenme gibi üst düzey düşünme becerileri geliştirmiş olmaları beklenen tıp öğrencilerinin, hangi düzeyde bu becerilere sahip olduğu ve bu becerilerin akademik başarı düzeyleri ile ilişkili olup olmadıklarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Betimsel analiz yanında ilişkisel karşılaştırma türünde yapılandırılmış olan bu araştırmada, bir devlet üniversitesi tıp fakültesi dönem I’den dönem VI’ya kadar 575 öğrenci ile çalışılmıştır. Veriler “Eleştirel Düşünme Eğilimi Ölçeği (CTDS)” ve “Tıp Öğrencilerinin Yansıtıcı Öğrenme Anlayışı” ölçekleriyle elde edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin akademik başarı puanları ilgili fakülte dekanlığından gerekli izinler alınarak elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde betimleyici istatistiklerin yanında korelasyon analizinden yararlanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Bu araştırmada tıp öğrencilerin genel başarı puanları ile yansıtıcı öğrenme anlayışı ölçeğinden aldıkları toplam puan arasında pozitif yönde ve anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur. Eleştirel düşünme eğilimi alt boyutlarından alınan puanlar ile eleştirel düşünme eğilimi ölçek genel toplam puanı arasında ise düşük düzeyde, pozitif yönde ve anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin eleştirel düşünme eğilimleri ve yansıtıcı öğrenme anlayışları ile akademik başarı puanları arasında anlamlı fark bulunmaması literatürde yer alan çalışmaların bazıları ile örtüşürken bazıları ile çelişmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu durumu daha belirgin bir biçimde ortaya koyabilmek amacıyla, konuyla ilgili araştırmaların farklı tıp fakültelerini kapsayacak şekilde geliştirilmesinin yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
PENGARUH MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN KOMIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI KOLOID
Authors: Dina Alfitriah  , Fitri Refelita
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh minat belajar siswa yang kurang terhadap pembelajaran kimia serta penggunaan media pembelajaran yang monoton. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media pembelajaran komik terhadap minat belajar siswa pada materi koloid. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Bangkinang Kota pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian Quasi Eksperimen dengan desain pretest - posttest. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Bangkinang Kota. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dua kelas yang memiliki nilai rata-rata yang hampir sama. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini adalah wawancara, angket dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji t untuk melihat pengaruh media pembelajaran komik terhadap minat belajar siswa. Hasil yang diperoleh nilai thitung = 2,073 dengan nilai sig 2-tailed sebesar 0,042, dan nilai ttabel = 1,666. Berdasarkan analisis deskriptif diperoleh data presentase dikelas kontrol 77,18% dan hasil presentase kelas eksperimen sebesar 82,74%. Nilai signifikansi 0,044 < 0,05 dan nilai thitung > ttabel sehingga disimpulkan H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima, artinya terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari penggunaan media komik terhadap minat belajar siswa dengan koefisien pengaruh sebesar 7,6%.
Gençlerin Çevreye Duyarlı Üretim Yöntemi Önceliği ve Organik Ürün Satın Alma Eğilimi
Authors: ATIŞ Ela , GÜNDEN Cihat , ÇİFTÇİ Kenan , SALALI H Ece
Published: December 2023

Entansif tarımdan kaynaklanan çevresel kaygılara yanıt olarak geliştirilen sürdürülebilir tarım yaklaşımlarından birisi de organik tarımdır. Çevrenin korunması açısından, tarımsal ürünlerin sürdürülebilir üretimi kadar tüketimi ile bu süreçte gelecekte karar verici durumuna gelecek olan gençlerin rolü de önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, gençlerin daha iyi bir çevre için üretim yöntemi önceliklerini ortaya koymak, ayrıca gelecekte konvansiyonel ve organik ürünleri tüketme isteği ile organik ürün tüketiminde etkili unsurları belirlemektir. Araştırmada, Ege Üniversitesinden seçilmiş 379 lisans öğrencisi ile anket yapılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, temel istatistiki yöntemler yanında, Bulanık Eşli Karşılaştırma ve En İyi-En Kötü Analizi gibi yöntemler kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada, gençler açısından organik tarımın çevre üzerinde en az etkili, konvansiyonel tarımın ise çevre üzerinde en çok etkili üretim yöntemi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca gençler, diğer üretim yöntemleriyle kıyaslandığında, gelecekte birçok üründe organik olanı tüketmek istemektedir. Ancak, gençler için tüketimde en önemli kısıtlayıcı organik ürünün fiyatıdır.
Investigation of the effectiveness of popular neural network models for detecting objects in the observation field
Authors: Борзов C.М. , Нежевенко Е.С. , Потатуркин О.И.
Published: December 2023

Выполнен краткий обзор основных подходов к решению задач обнаружения, определения координат и классификации объектов по их изображениям с применением нейросетевых технологий. Рассмотрены наиболее распространенные методы YOLO и Faster RCNN, применяющие одно- и двухэтапные детекторы на основе предсказания положения объектов. Выполнено экспериментальное сравнение их эффективности на примере классификации изображений 3D-моделей автомобилей, схожих по общим очертаниям и габаритам. Отмечено, что одноэтапные методы позволяют осуществлять обработку видеопотоков в реальном времени, однако уступают по точности при разделении близких классов объектов сложной формы.

A brief overview of the main approaches used for solving the problems of detection, determination of coordinates and classification of objects by their images is performed using neural network technologies. The most common YOLO and Faster RCNN methods based on predicting the position of objects are considered using one- and two-stage detectors. At the first stage of the two-stage methods, we identify areas with a high probability containing objects inside themselves by selective search or using a special neural network. At the second stage they are examined by the classifier to determine whether or not they belong to specified classes, as well as to clarify their location and size. One-step methods do not use a separate algorithm to generate regions of interest. Instead, they simultaneously form a certain number of bounding boxes with different parameters in one pass and predict the class of the object. An experimental comparison of the effectiveness of these approaches has been performed. It is noted that single-stage methods allow processing video streams in real time, but they are inferior in accuracy when separating close classes of objects of complex shape.
Folk Types in the Prose of Konstantin Paustovsky
Authors: Фадеева Л.В.
Published: December 2023

Весной 2022 г. отмечалось 130-летие К.Г. Паустовского. Это достаточный повод для того, чтобы задуматься над странным несовпадением в отношении к писателю со стороны читательской аудитории, в которой по-прежнему немало тех, кто с вниманием и глубоким уважением относится к его текстам, и со стороны литературоведов, в большинстве своем обходящих его творчество сдержанным молчанием. Произведения Паустовского переиздавались и  переиздаются, на протяжении долгого времени выходил в свет журнал «Мир Паустовского» (1992–2012), в Москве и Тарусе принимают гостей литературный и мемориальный музеи писателя, однако все чаще мелькают реплики, иногда статьи, проникнутые духом сомнения, а то и скепсиса по отношению к той заметной позиции в литературе, которую писатель занимал в зрелый период своей жизни. На этом противоречивом фоне хочется обратиться к особой теме в творчестве Паустовского — теме народного языка и народной культуры, ведь именно она, по понятным причинам, кому-то из сегодняшних критически настроенных авторов может показаться обусловленной социальными установками времени, в  котором жил и  работал писатель, и  совершенно не связанной с  его внутренними интенциями. Целью нашей статьи является обоснование художественного интереса Паустовского к народной культуре и ее языку, к фольклору и, как следствие, к носителям и хранителям этой культуры. В фокусе исследования — образы людей из народа, которые появляются в рассказах Паустовского, привнося в них фольклорные мотивы и достоверно звучащую интонацию народной речи.

In the spring of 2022, the 130th anniversary of K.G. Paustovsky’s birth was celebrated. This offers an occasion to reflect on the strange discrepancy among attitudes towards the writer: many still treat his texts with attention and deep respect, while literary critics typically bypass his work with a restrained silence. On the one hand, Paustovsky’s masterpieces have been reprinted for years and are still in print; a magazine called “The World of Paustovsky” was published for several years (1992–2012); and the writer’s literary and memorial museums host guests in Moscow and Tarusa. On the other hand, more and more often one may come across remarks, or even articles, expressing doubt or skepticism about the prominent position in literature which Paustovsky occupied during his life. Against this contradictory background, this article examines the influence of folk language and culture in Paustovsky’s work. Some modern critics appreciate this only as a result of the social setting in which the writer lived and worked — as something completely unrelated to his main intent. To the contrary, this article considers Paustovsky’s artistic interest in folk traditions, language, and folklore, and in the individualities of the bearers and keepers of this culture. It focuses on the characters which reflect Paustovsky’s communication with common people and the stories they told him. These bring motifs from folklore and the authentic-sounding intonation of folk speech into his own works.
Identifikasi Struktur Bawah Permukaan Cekungan Pembuang Daerah Kalimantan Tengah Berdasarkan Data Gaya Berat
Authors: Kurniasih Rika , Arman Yudha , Perdhana Radhitya
Published: December 2023

Data anomali gaya berat Free Air Anomaly (FAA) yang diperoleh dari satelit Topex digunakan untuk mengetahui struktur bawah permukaan Cekungan Pembuang di daerah Kabupaten Seruyan Kalimantan Tengah. Koreksi Bouguer dan koreksi terrain (medan) diterapkan pada data tersebut untuk mendapatkan anomali Bouguer lengkap. Anomali regional dan anomali residual dipilah menggunakan tapis Butterworth. Pemodelan dilakukan pada anomali regional untuk mendapatkan struktur bawah permukaan cekungan Pembuang. Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan terdapatnya 4 lapisan batuan, yang terdiri dari dua lapisan batuan dasar dan dua lapisan teratas. Lapisan dasar diduga merupakan intrusi kapur dan metamorf pra-tersier yang terdiri dari batuan granit dan batuan kuarsit, dengan densitas rata-rata 2,6 g/cm3 dan 2,8 g/cm3, sedangkan dua lapisan teratas diduga merupakan sedimen kuarter dan sedimen tersier, dengan densitas rata-rata 1,98 g/cm3 dan 2 g/cm3. Model yang dibuat menunjukkan adanya terobosan batuan basement (dasar) berupa granit, serta sesar normal dan sesar naik. Densitas rata-rata batuan di daerah penelitian sebesar 2,4 g/cm3.
Desain Algoritma K-means Clustering untuk Klasifikasi Kematangan Jeruk Siam Pontianak
Authors: Hutabarat Cindy Priscilla
Published: December 2023

Jeruk siam Pontianak adalah salah satu komoditas unggulan di Kota Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat yang cita rasa manisnya berasal dari kandungan gula pada daging buah. Pemilihan buah berdasarkan tingkat kematangan secara manual belum memanfaatkan teknologi secara tepat, oleh karena itu algoritma dapat digunakan untuk pemilihan buah jeruk siam berdasarkan tingkat kematangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengklasifikasikan tingkat kematangan jeruk siam Pontianak menggunakan metode k-means clustering. Data yang digunakan sebanyak 120 buah jeruk yang diukur menggunakan refraktometer brix digital menghasilkan rentang kadar 7,6% - 13,4% brix. Data kadar gula dibagi menjadi 3 kelas, yaitu belum matang, tepat matang, dan terlalu matang menggunakan k-means clustering. Metode k-means clustering dapat digunakan untuk mengklasifikasikan kematangan buah jeruk siam Pontianak menjadi 3 kelas kematangan. Kata Kunci : Jeruk siam Pontianak, K-means Clustering, Kadar Gula
Effectiveness of Mussel Shells (Polymesoda erosa) as an Adsorbent to Improve Water Quality
Authors: Larosa Sari
Published: December 2023

From a quality point of view, peat water cannot be used for clean water resources, therefore it is necessary to improve the quality of peat water. An alternative effort to treat peat water can be done by adsorption process using seashell shell adsorbents. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of mussel shells (Polymesoda erosa) as an adsorbent to improve the quality of peat water. The size of the adsorbent particles is varied, namely 8 mesh, 50 mesh, and 200 mesh. We used 30 grams of adsorbent for 300 ml water sample. The results were that the adsorbent for clam shells was able to reduce the TDS level from 402 mg/l to 112 mg/l, increase the pH level from 3.43 to 7.6 from an acidic state to an alkaline state. In this case, peat water is then suitable for use. Based on the test results, within 12 hours of contact time there was an increase in levels for all parameters along with the increase in the size of the adsorbent particles. Whereas in the contact time of 7 days, the test results experienced a decrease in levels for all parameters along with the increase in the size of the adsorbent particles which is a good optimum contact time in the adsorption process. However, the adsorbent of seashell shell has not been used effectively to adsorb turbidity and color parameters.1
Pola Persebaran Batubara berdasarkan Analisis Data Well Logging Blok X PT. Y Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin, Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Parwati Ani , Sutriyono Edy
Published: December 2023

Studi ini difokuskan pada rekognisi persebaran lapisan batubara (coal seams) berdasarkan analisis data well logging, terutama log gamma ray dan log densitas dari beberapa sumur pemboran dangkal di daerah Musi Bnayuasin. Kedua data log tersebut dianalisis untuk mengidentifikasi jenis litologi dan keterdapatan lapisan batubara pada kedalaman tertentu.  Hasil analisis memperlihatkan daerah penelitian memiliki tujuh lapisan batubara, berturut-turut dari paling atas hingga terbawah dinamai sebagai lapisan A,B,C,D,E,F dan G. Korelasi layer-layer tersebut memperlihatkan arah umum persebaran batubara relative timurlaut-baratdaya, dan khusus lapisan C terlihat adanya percabangan (splitting) batubara di tiga sumur bor. Hasil estimasi ketebalan rerata menunjukkan bahwa setiap lapisan batubara memiliki tebal beragam, yaitu seam A memiliki nilai 2,20 m, seam B 1,45 m, seam C 4,85 m, seam D 2,2 m, seam E 1,01 m, seam F 1,02 dan seam G 2,45 m. Lapisan batubara yang paling tebal diinterpretasikan yaitu seam C. Persebaran seam paling banyak terdapat pada seam C, D dan E karena ditemukan pada semua sumur pemboran, sedangkan seam G merupakan lapisan batubara dengan persebaran paling sedikit di daerah studi, karena hanya ditemukan pada dua sumur pemboran.
Analisis Orientasi Molekul Hidrogen pada Hidrogen Hidrat C2 dengan Metode Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Cahyaningsih Wahida , Arman Yudha , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin
Published: December 2023

Orientasi molekul hidrogen dinyatakan dalam besaran sudut polar, sudut azimuth, sudut bidang, dan sudut rotasi untuk beberapa interval satuan waktu simulasi. Data berupa posisi molekul hidrogen di dalam struktur polyhedral hidrogen hidrat C2 diperoleh dari luaran simulasi molecular dynamics. Molekul hidrogen dimodelkan sebagai dua buah atom Hidrogen yang terhubung oleh pegas yang memiliki konstanta pegas yang besar. Berdasarkan perhitungan yang dilakukan, gerakan rotasi molekul hidrogen terhadap pusat massanya sangat terbatas. Besaran sudut polar dan azimuth yang dibentuk oleh molekul hidrogen didominasi oleh sudut-sudut kecil. Hal ini disebabkan oleh sifat hidrofobik molekul hidrogen, ruang gerak dengan volume kecil serta tekanan sistem yang besar.
Studi Numerik Pola Aliran di Sekitar Pintu Air Menggunakan Pendekatan Komputasi Dinamika Fluida
Authors: Nurhaliza Nurhaliza , Putra Yoga Satria , Kushadiwijayanto Ari Antasari
Published: December 2023

Pintu air banyak digunakan pada sistem irigasi seperti waduk dan sungai. Pintu air biasa diterapkan pada bidang pertanian dan perkebunan. Distribusi profil kecepatan aliran di sekitar pintu air dapat diteliti menggunakan pendekatan komputasi dinamika fluida (Computational Fluid Dynamics/CFD). Penelitian ini mengkaji secara numerik pola aliran di sekitar pintu air menggunakan perangkat lunak OpenFOAM dengan menerapkan model turbulen LES Smagorinsky. Kajian pola aliran di sekitar pintu air dimulai dengan membangun simulasi aliran dalam kanal dengan sebuah pintu air. Selanjutnya pola aliran (subkritis, kritis dan superkritis) di sekitar pintu air ditentukan berdasarkan pada nilai bilangan Froude di tiga lokasi observasi (Fr1), yaitu Fr1(x=0,9m) (di hulu kanal), Fr1(x=2,95m) (di bawah pintu air), dan Fr1(x=3,5m) (di hilir kanal). Pada lokasi di hulu dan hilir kanal serta di bawah pintu air, 100% pola aliran berubah menjadi superkritis. Berdasarkan pola aliran ini, dapat diprediksi bentuk dasar aliran (bedform) yang akan terjadi. Pada tiga lokasi pengamatan, rata-rata pola aliran yang terjadi adalah superkritis dengan Fr1 > 1 yang dapat berdampak pada terbentuknya antidunes pada bentuk dasar aliran.Kata kunci: Komputasi Dinamika Fluida,  OpenFOAM, Pintu Air, Bilangan Froude, Pola Aliran
Studi Teoretis Respon Optis Dimer Simetris
Authors: Dewi Yuliana Nurmala , Nugroho Bintoro Siswo , Zulfian Zulfian
Published: December 2023

Telah dilakukan studi secara teoretis untuk mempelajari respons optis sistem yang terdiri dari dua SQD yang dieksitasi dengan cahaya monokromatik. SQD dimodelkan sebagai three-level system dengan menggunakan formalisme density matrix 3 x 3.  Respons optis tersebut didapatkan dengan menyelesaikan persamaan gerak elemen density matrix. Elemen density matrix diselesaikan secara numerik dengan metode Runge-Kutta (4,5). Elemen density matrix menghasilkan nilai populasi dan nilai koheren yang digunakan untuk menghitung respons optis sistem quantum dimer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intensitas medan pengeksitasi memberikan pengaruh pada respons optis SQD. Respons optis tersebut berupa dinamika waktu populasi dan spektrum serapan. Pada dinamika waktu populasi, sistem menunjukkan bahwa meningkatnya intensitas medan pengeksitasi menyebabkan osilasi populasi juga meningkat. Pada spektrum serapan, semakin besar intensitas yang digunakan menyebabkan semakin lebar interval daya serapan dan semakin tinggi puncak spektrum serapan yang dihasilkan.Kata Kunci : SQD, Dimer, Spektrum serapan, osilasi Rabi
Prakiraan Kejadian Hujan di Kota Pontianak dengan Metode JST-Logika Fuzzy
Authors: Winarti Vina , Jumarang Muhammad Ishak , Apriansyah Apriansyah
Published: December 2023

Hujan merupakan unsur iklim yang penting bagi kelangsungan kehidupan di bumi. Penelitian ini memprakirakan kejadian hujan di Kota Pontianak dengan metode JST-Logika Fuzzy. Parameter yang digunakan sebagai basis prakiraan adalah suhu udara, kelembaban udara dan kecepatan angin bulanan periode 1996 s.d 2016. Ketiga parameter tersebut diprediksi menggunakan JST dan selanjutnya hasilnya digunakan sebagai variabel masukan pada sistem Fuzzy untuk memprakirakan kejadian hujan. Validasi tingkat keakuratan kejadian hujan sistem JST-Logika Fuzzy untuk Kota Pontianak yaitu 92%. Karakteristik pola curah hujan di Kota Pontianak berdasarkan sistem JST-Logika Fuzzy menunjukkan pola ekuatorial. Kata Kunci : Prakiraan Hujan, JST, Logika Fuzzy
Adsorpsi dan Aktivasi Secara Bersamaan pada Proses Adsorpsi Besi Dalam Hasil Isolasi Abu Sekam Padi Oleh Abu Kerak Boiler
Authors: Lestari Tri Gunarti , Malino Mariana B , Asri Asifa
Published: December 2023

Penelitian yang telah dilakukan bertujuan untuk menganalisis mekanisme adsorpsi dan aktivasi secara bersamaan dalam sistem adsorpsi Fe dengan meninjau perubahan kadar Fe dalam hasil isolasi abu sekam padi (ASP) dan abu kerak boiler. Abu kerak boiler yang digunakan sebagai adsorben bersumber dari limbah industri sawit. Proses adsorpsi dan aktivasi serempak mengunakan HCl sebagai media penghantar ion dan juga sebagai aktivator. Tingkat keasaman  HCl divariasikan untuk meninjau pH optimum HCl dalam proses adsorpsi dan aktivasi secara bersamaan. Hasil XRF menunjukkan pH optimum untuk proses adsorpsi dan aktivasi secara bersamaan adalah 1,2 yang diindikasikan oleh penurunan kadar Fe optimum yakni sebesar 42,7%.
Konduktivitas Termal Papan Komposit dari Sekam Padi dan Ampas Tebu
Authors: Haisyah Haisyah , Arman Yudha , Azwar Azrul
Published: December 2023

Setiap tahun jumlah limbah sekam padi dan ampas tebu semakin meningkat sehingga menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan. Kedua limbah ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku papan komposit. Papan komposit banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan dinding bangunan bertingkat karena konduktivitas termalnya yang rendah dibanding batako. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini penulis membuat dan menganalisis papan komposit berbasis sekam padi dan ampas tebu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan nilai konduktivitas termal papan komposit terhadap berbagai perbandingan komposisi sekam padi dan ampas tebu serta untuk mengetahui perbandingan komposisi yang tepat agar nilai konduktivitas termalnya minimum. Pengukuran konduktivitas termal dilakukan menggunakan conductivy apparatus. Komposisi sekam padi dan ampas tebu yang digunakan memiliki perbandingan sebesar 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50 dan 40:60. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata konduktivitas termal yang didapat berkisar antara 0,029 W/m.K-0,069 W/m.K. Nilai ini jauh lebih rendah dibanding material bahan bangunan lain seperti beton, asbes dan kaca sehingga lebih nyaman digunakan sebagai bahan dinding bangunan. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa semakin banyak ampas tebu yang digunakan maka semakin tinggi nilai konduktivitas termal papan komposit dan perbandingan komposisi yang tepat agar nilai konduktivitas termal bahan minimum  adalah pada papan komposit yang semuanya diisi oleh sekam padi. Nilai konduktivitas termal minimum tersebut diduga dipengaruhi oleh kerapatan dan papan komposit pada sampel ini paling rendah dibanding sampel yang lain sehingga lebih banyak mengandung pori-pori terisi udara yang diketahui buruk mengantarkan panas.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Flipbook Digital Fisika Untuk Siswa Kelas X pada Materi Usaha dan Energi SMA Negeri 1 Matan Hilir Utara
Authors: Yuniarrahmana Saprida , Matsun Matsun , Hakim Sy Lukman
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine: (1) the feasibility of digital physics flipbook media for class X students on work and energy at SMA Negeri 1 Matan Hilir Utara according to material experts, (2) the feasibility of digital physics flipbook media for class X students on work and energy. According to media experts, SMA Negeri 1 Matan Hilir Utara, and (3) student responses after being given a physical flipbook learning media for class X students in the work and energy of SMA Negeri 1 Matan Hilir Utara. This type of research is Research & Development (R&D) research with the model used is the ADDIE model. The test subjects in this study were students of class X SMA Negeri 1 Matan Hilir Utara with a total of 20 students. With the results of the trials carried out, it was found that: (1) the feasibility of digital flipbook learning media according to material experts received very decent criteria, with an average score of 80%, (2) the feasibility of digital flipbook learning media according to media experts received decent criteria, with an average an average score of 75%, (3) the results of field trials on digital flipbook learning media for work and energy by distributing student response questionnaires. The average percentage score obtained by this digital flipbook learning media is 88%, which means that the student response interpretation criteria are included in the criteria for strongly agree. Kata Kunci: Learning Media, Digital Flipbook, work and energy
A Novel Human Cell-Based Spheroid Model to Screen for Oncolytic Viruses and Oncolytic Viral Proteins
Authors:   Acasta Health Pvt Ltd, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India, Naik Nikita Narayan , B Nagaraj Nayak ,   National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Vadloori Bharadwaja ,   Oncoseek Bio Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Subbiah Madhuri ,   National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Poosala Suresh ,   Acasta Health Pvt Ltd, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India, Sonawane Akshay ,   Oncoseek Bio Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Naru Anjani ,   Oncoseek Bio Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Published: December 2023

Colorectal cancer is one of the major causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide and surgery has been the ideal treatment method. Oncolytic virus therapy uses a modified virus to specifically kill only cancer cells without harming the neighboring non-cancerous cells. A best example is Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus which is seen as a promising oncolytic virus shown to combat many different types of cancers by in vitro and few in vivo animal studies. Traditionally, anticancer screening is done through in vitro cell line based assays in the lab and promising candidates are further tested in animal tumor models which is more expensive, time consuming and may not always reflect the truth due to species variations. Further results from the in vitro cell culture system may not always predict the outcome in animal models. 3D cell based models, i.e. spheroids are better than the cell lines as they can mimic the microenvironment of a tumor and can be used as an alternative to animal testing. In this study we demonstrated a novel human colorectal cancer spheroid model, which mimics the tumor microenvironment and better emulates the pathophysiology of human colorectal cancer, as a tool for identification of oncolytic agents. Through cytotoxic and colony forming assays we show the potential application of the spheroid model as a high throughput enabled anticancer screen.
METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF THE PARTICIPATION OF THE SUPREME COUNCIL OF UKRAINE IN THE STATE ADMINISTRATION OF THE SPHERE OF LABOR PROTECTION
Authors: Dreval Yuriy
Published: December 2023

The subject of analysis defines the fundamental principles of participation of the Ukrainian Parliament in the state administration of the sphere of labor protection. The basic in this case is that the Parliament receives from the people a representative mandate for the exercise of their powers in the field of lawmaking and the performance of other functions (first of all, control). The problem of the participation of parliament in the state regulation of labor protection is the focus of specialists in labor law and social security law. Indeed, the study of any spheres of social and labor relations is based on the legal norms of the highest legal force.

The purpose of the research is to clarify the methodological foundations of the place of the Ukrainian parliament in the state regulation of labor protection.

Constitutional prescriptions not only refer to safe and healthy working conditions as basic positive rights but also indicate the duty of state authorities and officials to contribute to the full provision of this right. First of all, in this case, the activity of the Ukrainian parliament - the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, which, in addition to its direct appointment in the form of law-making, performs several other functions of state importance: representative, control, establishing, and some others. All this shows that the parliament has a key role in regulating any part of social relations, including in the field of labor protection. As a result of the law-making activity of the parliament, the legal basis of regulation in the field of labor protection is created. The control function of the parliament, primarily aimed at compliance with the law by the executive power and officials, also deserves special attention.

The Ukrainian Parliament has a prominent place in the state regulation of any part of social relations, including the sphere of labor protection. Unparalleled importance is given to the legislative principles of creating and ensuring safe working conditions. However, in this case, critical importance should also be given to other parliamentary functions.
Developing oral competence within foreign language acquisition context
Authors: Ahibalova T. , Karachova D. , Karpenko N.
Published: December 2023

In the context of contemporary educational priorities and directions, foreign language competence is considered an integral asset for a successful career. In response, educators are tasked with employing effective pedagogical methods and instructional strategies that expedite the acquisition of language skills among their students. Their goal is to facilitate swift language mastery while ensuring the lasting retention of acquired knowledge, enabling its effective application in various communicative contexts.

Concerning the evaluation of the effectiveness of foreign language learning, we emphasize that immersing learners in authentic communication situations greatly enhances productive learning. However, improving oral skills, particularly when encountering intricate psychological and cultural barriers, poses challenges that have yet to receive comprehensive examination.

As criteria for determining the complex ratio of various factors in the speakerʼs communicative interaction with the language material, we propose a method that involves analyzing the gradual development of oral intentions, acts, and sequences. These stages include the initial phase, which entails delineating objectives, tasks, and the extent of communication; the second stage, focusing on the speakerʼs collection of information related to the language context; the third stage, oriented toward clarifying the communicative roles of participants and defining the socio-cultural context; and the fourth stage, where the dialogue seamlessly integrates into the sequence of communicative acts and conversational patterns.

We assert that during the communication process, there arises a need to generate supplementary lexical resources. At this juncture, it is paramount for the teacher to foster the development of a mechanism enabling students to monitor and self-assess their language proficiency. The selected pedagogical methods should be thoughtfully structured to facilitate the transition of knowledge from the realm of comprehension to that of production, ultimately culminating in the capacity to think and articulate thoughts in a foreign language.

Communicative competence in a target language extends beyond the confines of classroom instruction. Therefore, educators should design the learning process in a manner that fosters self-directed skill enhancement and nurtures studentsʼ intrinsic motivation for independent practice.
To the issues of legal regulation of nft-tokens as virtual benefits
Authors: Tsyban Artem
Published: December 2023

Introduction. This scientific article dedicated to certain aspects of such virtual benefits/assets as the NFT token (non-fungible token) and place of them in the obligations relationship. The legal framework and legal practice regarding non- non-fungible token is currently absent, which is a characteristic situation not only for domestic jurisprudence, but also for the world. In view of the above, there is a need to investigate the nature of this phenomenon. Summary. The article analyzes the proposed legislative definition of "virtual asset" in relation to the NFT token. The study of individual features of this phenomenon makes it necessary to turn to its displayed technical characteristics at the current stage. Yes, it is determined that the NFT token performs an authentication function and cannot exist independently without its attachment to another object of civil rights. Without such a combination, exclusively as a code (a set of signs), the token cannot be regarded as an intangible (virtual) benefits, since the token certifies a subjective right to another object of civil rights, and therefore should be considered precisely as an asset (benefits), which has a providing nature. Attention is focused on the fact that one of the main problems of legal uncertainty in this category is the question of what exactly individuals acquire when buying an NFT token, since in fact the token is usually associated with another object, which gives it a real value. The relationship between the non-fungible token and the start-contract was analyzed and the possible legal consequences of their interaction determined. Conclusions. Non-fungible tokens exist in a decentralized system and are closely related to the smart contract already at the stage of their creation, therefore, provided there are no imperative requirements from the law, the latter can be considered as a type of civil law contract, which, in turn, due to constant interaction the connection between them makes it possible to single out certain features of the binding nature of this phenomenon.
CONSISTENT MODEL FOR INTERACTIONS OF HIGHER-SPIN FERMIONS WITH 0- AND 1/2 - SPIN PARTICLES AND πN - SCATTERING
Authors: Rybachuk E. V.
Published: December 2023

It is shown that the currents for the interactions of the higher spin fermions must obey the theorem on currents and fields as well as the theorem on continuity of current derivatives. In consequence of the theorem on continuity of current derivatives the current components must decrease at pν→∞, where p is the momentum of the higher spin fermion. The decrease of the currents is ensured by the form factors. The form factor in the vertex function of the interaction of the higher spin fermion with the 0 - and 1/2 - spin particles is derived in agreement with the theorem on continuity of current derivatives. The proposed model of the currents is used for the calculations of the contributions of the higher spin nucleon resonances N*(J) (J is the spin of higher spin fermion) to the s-8 channel amplitudes of the elastic πN-scattering. It is shown that these contributions to the amplitudes decrease at least as at the square of the energy s→∞.
THE DUALISM OF THE VACANCIES NATURE IN NONEQUILIBRIUM SYSTEMS
Authors: Laptev I. N. , Parkhomenko O. O. , Tkachenko V. I.
Published: December 2023

Based on the method of phase diagrams martensitic transformations, the analysis of conditions of occurrence of martensitic transformations (MP) at different temperatures with the participation of vacancies in pure iron. Built versus temperature MT values of the normal stress of the MP and the concentration of vacancies in a wide range of temperatures (up to 900°С). Sharp the fracture shows the change of mechanisms of accumulation of vacancies in iron, required for MP: how do point defects at temperatures below 547°C, and as the strains of the lattice in the form of free volume at higher temperatures (dualism). At the atomic level the mechanism of occurrence of vacancies during reverse martensitic transformation. The quantum-mechanical interpretation of the nonequilibrium martensitic transformations associated with localization (vacancy-point defect) – delocalization (as the longitudinal waves of elastic deformation).
The Application of the Genetic Algorithm-Back Propagation Neural Network Algorithm in the High-Energy Physics
Authors: El-Bakry M. Y. , El-Dahshan E. A. , Radi A. , Tantawy M. , Moussa M. A.
Published: December 2023

Multiparticle production mechanism is one of the most phenomena that the high-energy physics concerns. In this work, the evolutionary genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize the parameters of the back-propagation neural networks (BPNN). The hybrid evolutionary-neuro model (GA-BPNN) was trained to simulate the rapidity distribution 1/N(dN/dY) of positive and negative pions p-Au, p-Ag and p-Xe for p-Ar, p-Xe interactions at lab momentum Plab =100 GeV/c. Also, for total charged, positive and negative pions for  interactions at Plab = 200 GeV/c. Finally, total charged particles for p- Pb collision at center-of-mass energy sqrt(s) = 5.02 TeV are simulated. An efficient ANN network with different connection parameters (weights and biases) have been designed by the GA to calculate and predict the rapidity distribution as a function of the lab momentum Plab, mass number (A) and the number of particles per unit solid angle (Y). Our simulated results have been compared with the experimental data and the matching has been clearly found. It is indicated that the developed GA-BPNN model for rapidity distribution was more successful.
EFFECT OF CARBON ON PHYSICAL AND STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF FеB IRON MONOBORIDE
Authors: Filonenko N. Yu. , Galdina A. N.
Published: December 2023

In this paper we study effect of carbon on structural and physical properties of FeB iron monoboride in Fe-B system alloys with carbon content of 0,05-0,90% (wt.) and boron content of 9,0-15,0% (wt.), the rest is iron. To determine the physical properties of alloys we use microstructure analysis, X-ray microanalysis and X-ray structural analysis. Carbon doping of FeВ iron monoboride leads to a feeble lattice strain and effects on the physical characteristics of boride. Using the quasi-chemical method we estimate the temperature dependence of the boride free energy and carbon solubility limit in FeB monoboride. Carbon can substitute up to 4% ofboron atoms in FeB phase depending on the temperature. At high temperatures the carbon solubility in this phase increases. The obtained estimated data is in good agreement with experiment.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE DYNAMIC CHANGE OF ULTRASOUND SYSTEM SENSITIVITY FUNCTION ON THE SPECTRA OF DOPPLER RESPONSE SIGNALS
Authors: Barannik E. A. , Matchenko O. S.
Published: December 2023

The previously developed continuum model of ultrasound wave scattering from inhomogeneities of mass density and compressibility was generalized in the present paper to the case of dynamically changing sensitivity function of ultrasound diagnostic system. The general expression relating the full power spectrum of Doppler response signal from the region of interest to spectral characteristics of scattering inhomogeneities movement and components of the probing ultrasound fields on spatial and temporal harmonics was obtained. The results of the work can be useful for the analysis of spectra obtained by means of modern diagnostic systems with dynamic focusing of transmitted beams by synthetic aperture method.
Classification of Particles at Arbitrary Quantity of Generations. I. Hadrons
Authors: Kulish Yu. V.
Published: December 2023

New classification of particles is proposed. This classification is based on U(Nf,g) ×SU(3c)×SU(4, fs)×O(3) -group, where U(Nf,g) corresponds to the particle generations, SU(3,c) - to the color, SU(4,fs) - to the flavor and the spin (instead of known SU(6,fs) -group), and O(3) - to the orbital excitation with the L -momentum. The Nf -number equals the quantity of fermion generations. From the convergence of the integrals corresponding to the Green functions for generalized Dirac equations and the continuity of these functions it follows that the minimal quantity of the Nf -number equals six. The homogeneous solutions of derived equations are sums of fields, corresponding to particles with the same values of the spin, the electric charge, the parities, but with different masses. Such particles are grouped into the kinds (families, dynasties) with members which are the particle generations. For example, the electronic kind (e1 = e, e2 = μ, e3 =τ , e4, e5, e6, ), the kind of up-quarks (U1 = u, U2 = c, U3 = t, U4, U5, U6, ⋅⋅ ), and the kind of down-quarks (D1 = d, D2 = s, D4 = b, D4, D5, D6, ⋅⋅ ) can exist. Massless neutrino can be one only. The photonic and the gluonic kinds must include massive particles in addition to usual the photon and the gluon. At NF = 6 the nucleons and Δ(1232) belong to the 56×1×20×1 - representation. Lagrangians for the generalized Dirac equations of arbitrary order are derived.
Spectral Characteristics of Ultrafine Particles Zn2 SiO4-Mn, Precipitated From an Aqueous Solution on the Substrate in Electric or Magnetic Fields
Authors: Tyutyunnikov V. I.
Published: December 2023

The spectral parameters ultrafine particles Zn2SiO4-Mn, precipitated on the substrate in a magnetic or electric field have been investigated. For getting fine particles industrial phosphor K-60 (Zn2SiO4-Mn) was used. Luminescence spectra were obtained on a sample when exposed to ultraviolet light or a beam of charged oxygen ions. When excited by ultraviolet spectral characteristics have difference for samples with different dimensions of the crystals. As for the industrial design luminescence spectrum had a band with λmaх = 521 nm, and for the ultrafine crystals willemite spectral band had λmax = 550 nm. Analysis ionoluminescence spectra showed that the reduction of crystal size Zn2SiO4-Mn not affect the spectral characteristics of the excitation beam with low energy oxygen ions. The luminescence spectrum when exposed to low-energy ions (1-3 KeV) has a band with λmax = 521 nm and a half-width Δλ = 41 nm. When measuring the width of the forbidden zone has been established bandgap dependence on the size of the phosphor crystals. The width of the band gap increases with decreasing crystal size to nanoscale sizes. A significant effect was  obtained when deposited on a substrate in the nanoscale crystal magnetic or electric field. As for the industrial design the bandgap was 4.16 eV, and for the besieged in the magnetic and electric field of 4.27, 4.29 eV, respectively.