bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Security market in Africa: the place of Russia and new opportunities
Authors: Loshkariov I.D. , Kopyttsev I.S.
Published: July 2024

The article analyses the market of security services in Africa also examining the position which Russia holds in the current structure of supply and demand. Thus, a key goal is to determine the most promising directions within which Russian influence in terms of security provision can be widened. For this particular reason, the authors focus on supply and demand in the market of security services in Africa. In other words, the article consistently examines the main security challenges faced by regional governments and, at the same time, Russia’s successful experience in the security provision in Africa. In order to provide for the structural examination of customers’ preferences the authors highlight six groups of African states. Such a classification is based on the specific features, the severeness and the number of threats faced by the government and allows to study demand characteristics in details. At the same time the analysis of the Russian approach to cooperation with African states illustrates both advantages and disadvantages of the security services provided by Moscow. Suchwise, the key factors which predetermine the Kremlin’s attractiveness as a security provider are the adherence to the three-noes concept, including non-interference in the internal affairs of security partners, readiness to find compromises and to adopt a realistic approach to goal-setting. Russia’s successful experience in combatting rebels as well as the export of weapons are two components that also play an important role in the strategy adopted by Moscow. However current prospects are limited by the foreign pressure put on Russian allies in the region. As a result, the most promising direction to expand Russian influence in Africa in terms of security provision relates to the cooperation with the states that face a crisis affecting all the spheres of social life and that suffer from neo-colonial policies of former colonial powers. Moreover, it seems essential to develop forms and tools of military assistance for African security forces.
Enhancing Monkeypox Diagnostics: Exploring the Potential of EfficientNet and Big Transfer
Authors: Tanim Sharia Arfin , Tanvir Kazi , Arnob Al Rafi , Rahman Md. Hasibur , Maisha Tasmia Binte Munir , Nur Kamruddin
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this research is to investigate the utilization of hybrid models in dermatological diagnostics and to demonstrate the potential of these models to advance medical picture classification capabilities. The study presents BiT-EfficientNet, a novel hybrid model developed specifically for the precise classification of monkeypox lesions in skin images. By combining EfficientNet B6 and Big Transfer (BiTM- R50x1), the model demonstrates exceptional performance in recognizing patterns and managing visual features. BiTEfficientNet demonstrates superior performance compared to existing models, achieving a precision of 98.25%, recall of 95.48%, F1-Score of 96.84%, and accuracy of 96.86%. It is positioned as a strong contender through comparative analysis. A highly accurate model is achieved through careful parameter optimization, resulting in a training accuracy of 99.14%. Assessing resilience through empirical means validates it. The findings have a significant impact on increasing diagnostic accuracy for illnesses like monkeypox, which can result in prompt interventions in professional medical professionals’ healthcare.
Klasifikasi Kanker Kulit Berbasis CNN dengan Metode Hybrid Preprocessing
Authors: Dartiko Fedryanto , Pradana Refki Jorgi , Sari Renti Epana , Syahputra Wahyu , Oktoeberza Widhia KZ
Published: July 2024

Kulit dapat mengalami berbagai gangguan kesehatan jika mendapatkan paparan lingkungan luar yang terlalu intens, salah satunya adalah kanker kulit. Untuk itu, deteksi dini sangat diperlukan agar pasien sesegera mungkin mendapatkan penanganan lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk klasifikasi kanker kulit benign (jinak) dan malignant (ganas). Pemanfaatan AI dapat digunakan dalam klasifikasi karena dapat meningkatkan nilai akurasi. Metode convolutional neural network (CNN) dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Metode CNN dapat mengklasifikasi dengan cepat dan memiliki nilai akurasi yang cukup tinggi tanpa harus mengekstraksi fitur terlebih dahulu. Kontribusi dalam penelitian ini yakni menggunkan metode hybrid preprocessing yang terdiri dari CLAHE, morphological closing dan median filter pada preprocessing data untuk menghilangkan noise yang biasanya terdapat pada epidermis kulit berupa  rambut-rambut halus. Metode CNN selanjutnya memproses masukan citra dari hasil preprocessing, lalu mengklasifikasikan citra  kanker kulit menjadi kategori benign dan malignant. Setelah tahap pengujian sistem berhasil memperoleh hasil yang cukup memuaskan, dengan nilai accuracy sebesar 78,19% dan loss 0.5324. Kinerja sistem dengan metode yang diusulkan mencapai akurasi yang baik dan cukup mampu diimplementasikan untuk membantu para profesional medis dalam membuat mendiagnosis kanker kulit.
B12 deficiency epidemic? Should B12 level lower limit reference values be decreased?
Authors: Yanık Keramettin , Özkan Atakan
Published: July 2024

Background: This study aims to examine B12 levels in general in our society, to determine the rates of B12 deficiency, and to determine and recommend new B12 reference range values according to current data.
Methods: A total of 16497 patients who were admitted to our secondary care hospital for various reasons in the three-year period between January 2021 and December 2023 and whose B12 levels were tested in their serum were included in the study. B12 levels of all patients were measured in the hospital biochemistry laboratory on Architect i1000SR and i2000 SR (Abbott diagnostics, Ireland) devices.
Results: The reference ranges for B12 levels, determined as 2.5% and 97.5%, were 130-1084 pg/ml for adult men, and as 137-993 pg/ml for adult women. Considering 200 pg/ml as the normal lower limit for B12 level, low levels were found in 14.6% of all patients.
Conclusions: Our study is one of the rare studies in which B12 reference ranges are investigated up-to-date with a large patient participation. Our findings showed that the rate of B12 deficiency in the society is very high compared to the generally accepted reference lower limit values, that B12 levels in the society are very low compared to these reference values, and perhaps that the reference lower limit values may need to be reduced to 149-138 pg/ml in individuals under 18 years of age, 130-137 pg/ml in adults, and 123-125 pg/ml in the elderly.
Perioperative management of hyperglycemic patients undergoing surgery: an observational cross sectional study in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sayed Namra A. , Shetty Yashashri , Salgaonkar Sweta
Published: July 2024

Background: Diabetes poses an additional risk during anesthesia, yet there is a lack of sufficient Indian data on perioperative antidiabetic drug use and its implications. This droves us to conduct the study.
Methods: Cross-sectional, observational study, conducted in a tertiary care hospital's general surgery and orthopaedics wards. Data collected from the first anaesthetist visit to 24 hours postoperative period included antidiabetic medications, anesthesia drugs, blood sugar levels, co-morbidities, concomitant medications, and intravenous (IV) fluids. Descriptive statistics and parametric tests were used for analysis.
Results: The study comprised 180 patients (62.8% males, median age 56 years), with diabetes duration predominantly between 1-5 years (28.3%). Preoperatively, metformin was the most prescribed oral hypoglycemic agent (72.2%), decreasing to 56.67% postoperatively. Intraoperatively, only 1.6% received insulin, while 98.4% received no drugs. Common postoperative antidiabetic agents included insulin BD (n=48). General surgery (73.3%) and orthopedics (26.7%) contributed 132 and 48 patients, respectively, with spinal anesthesia (68.3%) and bupivacaine (75.4%) being most prevalent. Blood glucose during surgery was effectively monitored. Hypertension (52.8%) was the most common co-morbidity, and Ringer lactate (60.8%) was the predominant IV fluid.
Conclusions: Adequate perioperative antidiabetic management was observed in hyperglycemic patients.
A randomized clinical study comparing Trupler skin stapler and Trulon polyamide suture in post-surgical skin closure during orthopaedic and open abdominal surgeries
Authors: Chatterjee Debdutta , Karmakar Nisith , Halder Tirna
Published: July 2024

Background: The increasing demand for accelerated rehabilitation and shorter hospital stays emphasizes the importance of effective post-surgical skin closure techniques. Orthopaedic and open abdominal surgeries commonly use metal staples or polyamide sutures for wound closure. Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a significant concern, impacting patient outcomes and healthcare costs.
Methods: This prospective, randomized, single-centre trial aimed to compare clinical outcomes in 140 adult patients, randomized between Trupler skin stapler and Trulon polyamide sutures, undergoing orthopaedic and open abdominal surgeries. The primary endpoint was the incidence of SSI according to CDC criteria. Secondary outcomes included wound complications, post-operative pain, patient satisfaction, cosmetic appearance, time taken for closure, ease of use, and safety of the interventions.
Results: The primary endpoint did not show any significant difference in the number of SSIs between the two groups. Both groups experienced wound complications, but the stapler group showed less severe outcomes. The stapler group demonstrated improved time efficiency and ease of closure, leading to reduced post-operative pain and higher patient satisfaction. Cosmetic outcomes were superior in the stapler group. Adverse events were reported in both groups, with a slightly higher incidence in the suture group.
Conclusions: The Trupler skin stapler demonstrated advantages over Trulon polyamide sutures for wound closure. Despite similar SSI rates, the stapler group experienced improved time efficiency, lower post-operative pain, higher patient satisfaction, and superior cosmetic outcomes. The study supports the preference for Trupler skin stapler for wound closure in orthopaedic and open abdominal surgeries.
The effectiveness of video feedback intervention on mother-infant interactional quality for women with perinatal mental health illnesses: protocol for a pilot randomised control trial
Authors: Buhagiar Rachel , Bettenzana Kristina , Barlow Jane
Published: July 2024

Background: The literature strongly suggests that early parent-child relational interventions for at-risk dyads can support healthy infant development and attachment security. Video Feedback (VF) is a widely used attachment-based intervention, but evidence for its effectiveness with mother-baby dyads where there is maternal psychopathology remains limited.
Methods: This study constitutes a two-armed pilot randomised controlled trial aimed at evaluating the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary benefits of Video Interaction Guidance (VIG), a type of VF, on mother-child dyadic interactional quality for postpartum women and their infants in Malta. Participants must be mothers with a baby aged 0-12 months who meet criteria for one or more mental health disorders on diagnostic interview. Exclusions are severe maternal mental illness, active drug dependence, being in receipt of in-patient care or therapy, or inability to speak English or Maltese. Consenting, eligible mothers are randomly allocated (minimised by infant age, relationship and employment status, and number of children at home), to either 3 cycles of one-to-one VIG intervention and treatment-as-usual (TAU), or to TAU only. Outcome assessors are blind to study arm allocation. The primary outcomes are parental sensitivity and dyadic synchrony coded using the CARE-index. Secondary outcomes are maternal depression and anxiety, bonding experience, capacity for reflective functioning, and well-being.
Conclusions: This is the first study on the preliminary effectiveness of VIG within perinatal services in Malta. Findings should guide future larger scale, definitive RCTs and subsequently inform health policy and management decisions in perinatal and infant mental health care. 
Trial registration: Registered 16th March 2023 in ISRCTN registry (Trial ID: ISRCTN26320951).
Immediate effects of bandha hasta utthanasana on cerebral hemodynamics in healthy individuals: a protocol for randomized controlled trial
Authors: Manickam Abirami , Kuppusamy Maheshkumar , Venkateswaran S. T. , Lakshmi K. S.
Published: July 2024

Background: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a tool to measure variations in cerebral hemodynamics. The study investigates the physiological changes in cerebral blood flow before, during, and after the practice of bantha hasta utthanasana among healthy participants.
Methods: The proposed study is a hospital-based randomized controlled trial comparing bantha hasta utthanasana with the control group. A total of 60 participants will be randomly divided into an intervention group (n=30) and a control group (n=30) as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. The intervention group will practice bantha hasta utthanasana for 10 minutes. The control group will be instructed to sit for 10 minutes. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy will be performed before (5 minutes), during (10 minutes), and after (5 minutes) the practice in both groups.
Conclusions: This study protocol aims to investigate whether the practice of bandha hasta utthanasana can enhance cerebral hemodynamics. The research seeks to determine if this simple practice can be used to manage individuals with cerebral hemodynamic impairment and potentially prevent such issues in the future.
Trial Registration: CTRI/2023/10/059039.
Effect of mind sound resonance technique on physiological and psychological parameters among geriatric population: a structured study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: S. Prashanth , V. Nalini , S. Priyanka , J. Thanalakshmi , V. Subbulakshmi , A. Amalraj , K. Maheshkumar
Published: July 2024

Background: Aging involves physical, psychological, and social changes, including chronic non-communicable pathologies and HPA axis dysfunction. Yoga can manage these issues, while mind sound resonance technique (MSRT) can alleviate stress, anxiety, and improve psychomotor function. This study aims to report the methodology for three months of MSRT sessions and their impact on physiological and psychological parameters in the geriatric population.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial will involve 80 participants aged 60-75 years, divided into an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group will receive 45 minutes of MSRT sessions daily for 90 days, while the control group will not receive any intervention. Post-intervention assessment will be taken and compared with the control group after 90 days.
Conclusions: MSRT, having a dual benefit as meditative and relaxation component, has been shown to improve the physiological and psychological well-being of the geriatric population, with expected outcomes including improved cardio-autonomic, pulmonary, neurocognitive, and psychological functions and changes in serum stress markers.
Trial registration (CTRI): CTRI/2024/02/062308.
Transforming weight measurement: a cutting-edge IoT-enabled smart weight machine for centralized price control of products
Authors: Munna Mohammed Saifuddin , Mallick Tuton Chandra
Published: July 2024

Background: With the rapid advancement of machine learning technology, there is a growing interest in integrating it into IoT systems for enhanced functionality. In this study, we propose a SMART Weight Machine system designed to detect, weigh, and price various objects using machine learning techniques.
Methods: Our system utilizes TensorFlow, a machine learning framework, in conjunction with Raspberry Pi for object recognition. Image processing is performed locally on the Raspberry Pi for efficient detection. The system also incorporates MySQL for database management and a WebApp developed using PHP and Laravel for the user interface.  
Results: Through our implementation, we achieved significant improvements in speed and accuracy. TensorFlow's compatibility with microcontroller devices like Raspberry Pi enabled swift processing, resulting in a 96% accuracy rate for object detection during our evaluation.
Conclusions: The SMART Weight Machine system demonstrates promising potential for real-world applications. Moving forward, rigorous testing and quality assurance will be conducted to ensure the reliability and accuracy of the system during the development phase.
Orthodontic treatment modalities of intrusion: a review
Authors: Sharma Disha , Thakur Gaurav , Gurung Deepak , Thakur Amrita
Published: July 2024

Orthodontic intrusion is a common treatment approach in managing orthodontic esthetic and functional problems. Intrusion often constitutes an integral part of orthodontic treatment in order to improve sagittal and vertical incisor relationships. In this article we are trying to review all the appliances in a manner of their evolution, beginning from removal appliances used initially, discussing role of functional appliances, head gears, intrusion arches, implants, magnets and surgical procedures etc. in treatment of intrusion.
“Eu Sambo do Lado de Todo Mundo!”
Authors: Viana da Silva Neto Ernani
Published: July 2024

Mestre Batata é reconhecido, por seus pares de ofício e aprendizes, como a melhor expressão da maneira de comandar, em termos artísticos e organizacionais, corpos percussivos na cidade de Caxias do Sul e na região turística da Serra Gaúcha. Esta entrevista compila uma série de conversas com Ivan Diego Feijó da Silva [Mestre Batata], trabalhador da indústria caxiense e Mestre de bateria de Escolas de Samba, realizadas para o documentário De que lado que tu samba? O rufar do Mestre Batata, do qual fui proponente, pesquisador, diretor e roteirista. A obra contou com recursos oriundos da Lei n 14.017/2020, a Lei Aldir Blanc, na área Memória e Patrimônio, do edital Criação e Formação - Diversidade das Culturas [Fundação Marcopolo e Sedac-RS] no ano de 2021, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Através do citado protagonista, o documentário buscou revelar nuances do samba local, a presença negra no espaço público, na memória coletiva e das suas respectivas organizações associativas.
O Samba de Roda do Recôncavo Baiano e o Turismo Cultural Reflexões e dissonâncias a partir dos Estudos Críticos do Patrimônio e da Antropologia da Performance
Authors: Nicolau dos Santos Gabriela
Published: July 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo compartilhar alguns dos resultados da tese doutoral intitulada ‘Políticas Públicas para a Salvaguarda do Patrimônio Cultural Imaterial (PCI): O Caso do Samba de Roda do Recôncavo Baiano (Brasil)’, apresentada em 2016 pela autora à Universidade de Barcelona. Para atender às demandas deste Dossiê, procedo a um recorte para apresentar o samba de roda a partir da perspectiva de algumas das sambadeiras e sambadores mais ilustres do Recôncavo e para, com o apoio dos Estudos Críticos do Patrimônio e da Antropologia da Performance, entender a complexa relação entre o turismo e as performances culturais, a exemplo do samba de roda. Buscando suplantar a frequente representação do turismo como uma ameaça contemporânea aos bens culturais e, sem negar as contradições inerentes à relação entre o Turismo e o chamado Patrimônio Cultural Imaterial, busco destacar a condição de sujeito dos performers para entender o jogo de forças – via de regra desigual – que se opera nas arenas culturais, e perceber quais pessoas, grupos e/ou setores detém o controle sobre a narrativa, a representação cultural e a produção em espaços turísticos.
Iogática
Authors: Lopes Silva Wallace
Published: July 2024

Estar em estado de samba é mergulhar na língua dos Orixás, uma ginástica que reúne sistema de mundo codificado pelos sambistas [filósofos] e rezadeiras [mestres/as] da cura da grande saúde já apontada pelo filósofo Nietsche e Nise da Silveira, ao pensar uma razão inadequada que precisa sambar para sentir as ecologias dos afetos, tendo no sambista um corpo movido pelas sensações no espaço do samba. Cada sambante carrega em si o sentido de roda onde se compartilha no agir educativo da experiência primeira, ou melhor, na iogática. O convite aos afetos evoca os sambantes ao encontro das forças criadoras para materializarem o axé no humano ao se tornar humano, demasiado humano, trata-se em dizer que na ação vital do exercício da iogática, o elã vital da necessidade de nos humanizarmos passa pela via do axé, este princípio inerente da vida.
Maracatu Nação Percursos de Pesquisa em Turismo, Psicanálise e Análise do Discurso
Authors: Sambaquy Gomes Lahana
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo discorre sobre percurso de pesquisa, acerca do Maracatu Nação. O objetivo é o de comunicar sobre esse percurso, apresentando possibilidades de articulação entre diferentes áreas do conhecimento na pesquisa. Para demonstrar essas possibilidades, são apresentados recortes dos trabalhos realizados, nos quais as análises do objeto de pesquisa são fundamentadas pela Análise do Discurso (AD), de Michel Pêcheux. A materialidade analisada são as sequências discursivas (SDs) de loas [letras de canções, no maracatu], de duas nações de Maracatu. Por meio desse estudo, verifica-se a possibilidade de articulação entre as áreas do Turismo, da Psicanálise e Análise do Discurso. O discurso do maracatu, nesse estudo é entendido como meio de (r)existência e de deslocamentos de sentidos, pelo movimento do desejo, enquanto conceito psicanalítico.
A Arte do Samba como Mediador de Memória Negra no Roteiro da Gamboa
Authors: Alberto Tomelin Carlos , Cappucci Frisoni Bianka , Cappucci Frisoni Marcello
Published: July 2024

O artigo aborda o samba como agente na preservação da memória negra, presente nos locais históricos da Gamboa [Pedra do Sal, Largo da Prainha e Cais do Valongo], no Rio de Janeiro, destacando sua relevância para a cultura afro-brasileira. Investigamos a história e significado cultural desses espaços, analisando como o samba reflete as experiências da comunidade afro-brasileira e contribui para a preservação de sua identidade e memória. Realizamos levantamento bibliográfico e pesquisa histórica, além de análise qualitativa do conteúdo visual das expressões culturais presentes nos locais. Os resultados mostram que as manifestações culturais mantêm viva a memória negra e reconhecem o samba como uma expressão cultural que resiste à marginalização. Destacamos a importância desses espaços como locais de luta e afirmação da cultura afro-brasileira frente aos desafios contemporâneos como a gentrificação, turismo e marginalização. A marginalização decorrente desses processos pode intensificar a exclusão social e econômica das comunidades locais, levando ao afastamento dos residentes originais e à perda de identidade cultural.
Cartas de negocios y generación de confianza: aproximación al archivo epistolar de un empresario colombiano, 1929-1933
Authors: Largo-Vargas Joan Manuel , Campuzano-Hoyos Jairo
Published: July 2024

Este artículo examina el papel de la correspondencia en la construcción y mantenimiento de la confianza. Al adentrarse en una colección de cartas de negocios del archivo epistolar del empresario colombiano Gonzalo Restrepo Jaramillo, se identificaron y examinaron tres categorías clave: forma, propósito y contenido. Este trabajo analiza cómo se emplearon estas cartas durante la crisis económica global de 1929 y los desafíos específicos del contexto colombiano. Sostiene que estas cartas fueron herramienta efectiva para fortalecer redes, consolidar códigos de confianza y tomar decisiones informadas ante las cambiantes condiciones económicas. Al dialogar con la historiografía académica de la historia empresarial, el artículo ofrece perspectivas prácticas y consideraciones metodológicas para el estudio de la historia empresarial desde una perspectiva global, empleando las cartas de negocios como valiosas fuentes primarias.
The Development of the Space Sphere in the Middle East
Authors: Zhdanova Polina
Published: July 2024

Since today successful space activities are becoming a prerequisite for the further development of states, the number of countries implementing their space programs is increasing. One of the regions where space technologies are developing most dynamically and ambitious projects are proposed is the Middle East. Support for the space industry is recognized as important, and space activity is called one of the priority areas for the development of the states considered by the author. At the same time, the realization of national space programs in the countries of the region takes place in its own way. The article considers the characteristics of the implementation of space projects of four Middle Eastern states. Private companies play an increasingly active role in the advancement of the space sphere, which provide telecommunications services, space tourism, take part in international space projects, and develop technologies for studying the surface of celestial bodies. States pay special attention to space activities by financing private initiatives, establishing national space agencies, and signing numerous international cooperation agreements. Thanks to international cooperation, Middle Eastern countries are successfully completing all significant space projects. At the same time, only two countries in the region (Iran and Israel) have launch capacities. In addition to the economic and political benefits derived from space activities, spacecraft are actively used to strengthen security, for example, countries regularly launch military satellites. The article also considers the bodies responsible for the development and implementation of space projects. It is noted that there are several centers conducting space activities in some countries. In the conclusion author emphasizes that in recent years, space activities in the Middle East have begun to develop dynamically, and states, setting ambitious goals, declare their intentions to become one of the leaders in the world space sphere.
Not Just Hokusai: Three Waves of Japanese Culture in the West. Part II. The Second Wave: Not Only Kurosawa. Japanese Film Breakthrough to Western Screens
Authors: Katasonova Elena
Published: July 2024

The second cultural wave from Japan covered Europe and the United States in the 1950–1960s with two powerful streams that captured the field of art (cinema) and the religious and spiritual sphere (Zen Buddhism). For the Japanese, these years were an important and tense period in their history. Having suffered a crushing defeat in war with enormous loss of life and the excruciating tragedy of the atomic bombings and then the American occupation, the entire nation began its spiritual, physical and moral rebirth with extraordinary enthusiasm.
Tǎngpíng (躺平) — Life Apathy of Modern Chinese Youth
Authors: Bachinskiy Vadim
Published: July 2024

Tǎngpíng (“躺平”) is a Chinese neologism that roughly translates as “lying flat”. It has gained popularity in recent years (being a buzzword in Chinese web media since 2021) as a social phenomenon and a philosophy of life among certain individuals, particularly in mainland China. The concept of tǎngpíng emerged as a response to societal pressure and expectations related to chasing career success, material wealth, and social status. Tǎngpíng describes a personal rejection of societal pressures to overwork and over-achieve with ever diminishing returns. Those who participate in tǎngpíng choose to stick to indifferent attitude towards life and to “lie down flat” because of a low desire to chase success. Majority of government-biased media criticized the phenomenon of tǎngpíng. However, besides criticizations, a row of Chinese media and scholars noted the socio-economic structural background behind tǎngpíng: high pressure imposed by society in conducting marriage, starting a family and child-parenting, over-competitions in education and the workplace, low return rate after effort-making etc.
Confessionalism in Lebanon in Light of Contemporary Crisis of Statehood: Time to Leave?
Authors: Rustamov Oleg
Published: July 2024

An unprecedented crisis that penetrated into all spheres of society broke out in Lebanon in 2019 and continues to this day. The devaluation of the national currency, the energy collapse, the paralysis of the banking system, the incessant interruptions in the operation of the power supply system and, as a result, the total undermining of credibility of the country's political elite. One of the fundamental reasons that made such a development possible is the current system of confessionalism in the country. In this paper, we will turn to the theoretical foundations of a specific example of consociational democracy in Lebanon and how the practical evolution of the formation of Lebanese confessionalism took place. The article will focus on the origins and manifestations of the modern crisis of statehood in Lebanon in the context of the existence of a confessional system. In conclusion, an analytical assessment of confessionalism, as well as its prospects as a system-forming principle of Lebanese political life, will be given.
Intellectuality, Anomality and Future of Reform Judaism in Russia. A review on Elena Nosenko-Stein’s book “Reform Judaism in Russia: Does It Have any Future?”
Authors: Khlebnikova Luiza
Published: July 2024

In the Russian academic community, there is a low interest towards researching Reform Judaism, its history and current development. Russian Reform Judaism has been also not on the scientific radar of Russian experts. Dr. Elena Nosenko-Stein’s book “Reform Judaism in Russia: Does It Have a Future?” makes a valuable contribution to Jewish studies in Russia.
The author of the book made her own surveys of opinions of members of the community, she also interviewed them, and used the method of participant observation in Moscow Jewish Reform Community Le-Dor Va-Dor to make an analysis more profound. Despite the fact that the Russian Reform Jewish community is extremely small, there are many myths around it.
This book review shows that the monograph consistently reveals the features of Russian Reform Jewish denomination. It breaks down the existing myths around Reform Judaism. The book also assesses intercommunal relations between Reform and Orthodox Jews in Russia. And it analyzes the role of Israel in the identity of Russian Jews. In the end of monograph, the author stresses the main challenges that Russian Reform Jews face today.
Albertina Soliani: Tudo se move, tudo se mantém – Vida e política. Quase um balanço para a geração que vem
Authors: Bizzi Giuseppe
Published: July 2024

A história de vida de Albertina Soliani está envolvida em dois abraços. O da gente de sua cidadezinha natal na “baixa reggiana” e hoje também aquele da gente birmanesa, através de seus encontros com Aung San Suu Kyi. Entre Boretto e Rangoon se desenrola a narração deste livro, mais uma biografia pessoal ao fim do mandato parlamentar. É a reconstrução daquele tecido de relações de amizade, constelações de ideias, que com obstinação e misteriosas coligações contribuíram para a renovação da Igreja, da escola e da política na Itália. Um percurso não marcado de desilusões, como pelos obstáculos ao projeto do Ulivo, e as três derrotas políticas de Prodi, contadas sem reticências no juízo sobre as responsabilidades pessoais e dos partidos. Sempre com a esperança das sentinelas que olham para além da noite, para confiar o amanhecer às novas gerações. Albertina Soriani nasceu em Boretto (RE) em 10 de dezembro de 1944; vive e mora em Parma. Formou-se na Ação Católica e no clima do Concílio. Formou-se em Pedagogia na Universidade Católica de Milão. Ensinou na escola média e elementar e foi por 18 anos diretora didática do 13º Círculo de Parma, promovendo a intitulação da escola a Pilo Albertelli, o professor de Parma assassinado nas Fosse Ardeatine. A atividade profissional sempre uniu o empenho social e político. Se empenhou na valorização das mulheres, presidindo na segunda metade dos anos oitenta a Comissão de paridade da Emilia-Romagna e sucessivamente o Comitê Nacional para as Oportunidades Iguais do Ministério da Educação. Em 1995 participou, com a delegação governamental, da IV Conferência Mundial das Mulheres em Pequim, promovida pela ONU. Chamada por Romano Prodi, em 1996 fez parte de seu Governo como subsecretária da Educação. Em 2001 foi eleito ao Senado da República pelo Ulivo, no colégio eleitoral que englobava parte da província de Parma e de Reggio. Foi reeleita senadora em 2006 e confirmada em 2008 pelo Partido Democrático. Constituiu as associações parlamentares Amigos da Armênia e Amigos da Birmânia. Em 28 de fevereiro de 2013 encontrou em Naypyidaw, capital política do Myanmar, Aung San Suu Kyi, eleita parlamentar da Liga Nacional pela Democracia após sua libertação em 2010 e agora líder da oposição. Uma amizade e uma solidariedade que continuam. É presidente vicária do Comitê nacional para as celebrações do bicentenário do nascimento de Giuseppe Verdi.
Érvelés a Széchenyi–Kossuth-vita első szakaszában
Authors: Lózsi Tamás
Published: July 2024

A tanulmány a Széchenyi–Kossuth-vita első szakaszának érvelését vizsgálja. A vizsgálat módszere a retorikai elemzés, ehhez kapcsolódnak a tanulmány hipotézisei is: 1. a retorikai elemzés alkalmas a vita vizsgálatára, mert 2. a Széchenyi‒Kossuth-vita valójában retorikai esemény volt. A retorikai szituáció és a vita szerkezetének feltárása során az egész vita a vizsgálat tárgya, de az érvelés részletes elemzése, valamint a stílussal és az előadásmóddal kapcsolatos megjegyzések csak a vita első szakaszát jelentő két könyvre vonatkoznak. Az elemzés figyelembe veszi a klasszikus retorika mellett a 20. századi új retorikát és a modern érveléselméleteket is.
A faux pas (társalgási baklövés) jelenség pragmatikai értelmezési és felismerési lehetőségei az explicit nyelvi megformálás függvényében
Authors: Mezőlaki Regina , Ivaskó Lívia
Published: July 2024

A faux pas (Stone et al. 1998; Varga et al. 2008; Gál 2016) kellemetlen következményekkel járó társalgási baklövés, amit a kommunikátor hamis vélekedése alapján, sértő szándék nélkül követ el. A baklövés elkövetésének a felismerése összetett kognitív folyamatokat igényel, így mind maga a nyelvi jelenség, mind pedig annak megértése izgalmas kutatási területet biztosít a pszichológia és a pragmatika határterületeinek. Jelen tanulmányban azt mutatjuk be, hogy mit adhat ezen kérdéskör megvizsgálásához a szocio- és kognitív pragmatika eszköztára. Az empirikus adatokon végzett elemzés során a homlokzat, homlokzatóvás (Goffman [1955] 2008), a racionalitási és interperszonális elvek (Nemesi 2016) és a relevanciaelméleti keret (Sperber–Wilson [1986] 1995; Ivaskó 2000; 2005) fogalomkészleteivel dolgoztunk. Kutatásunk eredménye alapján elmondható, hogy a szocio- és kognitív pragmatikai szempontú vizsgálódások segítik a faux pas ernyőfogalomhoz kapcsolódó nyelvi jelenségek differenciálását, illetve a faux pas jelenség felismerésének és értelmezésének hátterében álló következtetési és metapragmatikai folyamatok alaposabb megismerését.
Megjegyzések a hvárezmiek neveihez a középkori Eurázsiában
Authors: Senga Toru
Published: July 2024

Hvárezm és a hvárezmiek jelölésére szolgáló nevek között volt valaha egy *χwālis névforma, amely egy bizonyos iráni nyelvet beszélők körében volt használatban, és legkésőbb a 6. század közepétől mutatható ki. A török ajkúak – többek között a kazárok és a besenyők – ezt a szóalakot a mássalhangzó-torlódás feloldásával *qālïs alakban adaptálták, emellett egy *quwālïs variáns is keletkezhetett. A 9. században a magyarul beszélők, akik Kazária szomszédságában éltek, átvették a *qālïs szót, mégpedig a káli̮s/kȧli̮s (˃ káliz) hangalakban, amely egy 1111. évi oklevélben a caliz betűképpel van rögzítve. A kazárokkal, illetve a besenyőkkel kapcsolatban az arab írók által említett ḫaliṣ, illetve a ḫuwāliṣ, valamint a bizánci forrásokban előforduló Χαλίσ(ιοι), illetve Χουάληϛ a tör. qālïs-nak, illetve *quwālïs-nak felel meg. A keleti szláv nyelv a *χwālis névformát vette át, amiből a Хвалис alak keletkezett. Az elnevezés nem magát Hvarezmet, hanem elsősorban a Kaszpi-tenger északi partjain letelepedett hvarezmieket jelölte. A hvarezmiek tevékenységei – főként a távolsági kereskedelem területén – nem korlátozódtak Kelet-Közép-Európára, hanem egészen Kínáig terjedtek. A 8. század közepén nevük kínai jelölései iráni (feltehetően szogd) formákat tükröznek, de létezik a Guoli 過利 (˂ *qālïs) török alak is.
Gyenge
Authors: Juhász Gabriella
Published: July 2024

A magyar gyenge szót ismeretlen eredetűnek tartja a kutatás. A korábbi irodalomban finnugor és török etimológiát is javasoltak, de egyik magyarázat sem kifogástalan, sem hangtanilag, sem jelentéstanilag. Írásomban egy még korábbi javaslatot elevenítek fel, miszerint a gyenge szó szláv eredetű. Ennek a magyarázatnak sem hangtani, sem jelentéstani nehézségei nincsenek, továbbá a javasolt szláv etimonnak teljesen biztos indoeurópai alapnyelvi etimológiája van. Írásomban arra is kitérek, hogy valóban a g- kezdetű alakok-e a korábbiak.
Catalytic composition and fuel influence on anodic processes characteristics of solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells
Authors: Kuleshov N. V. ,   Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Grigor'ev S. A. ,   National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute"
Published: July 2024

It was studied an influence of prior carbon treatment (temperature and gas conditions, mass content of waterproofing agent) on activity of platinum catalyst, synthesized on disperse carbon carrier. It was shown that characteristics of anodic processes depend on quantity of solid polymer electrolyte in catalytic composition. Optimal content of ion exchange polymer under varied degree of carbon carrier waterproofing (used for synthesis of platinum catalyst) is not equal. In a case of platinum catalyst synthesized on a base of carbon carrier with the addition of waterproofing agent (10 mass %), the highest current density of fuel cell functioning on pure oxygen corresponds to 15-20 mass % of polymer content in a layer and in a case of air – 10-15 mass %. Impurity of carbonic gas in anodic fuel leads to decrease of current density on fuel cell withdrawal not only because of partial pressure decrease. The reason of parameter worsening is partial platinum poisoning with CO, appearing after CO2 reduction.
Russia in New Geopolitical Realities: The Task of Assurance of State Sovereignty and the Search for a Legal Development Model
Authors: Lapaeva Valentina V. ,   Chief Research Scientist of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

The article substantiates the thesis that the most important direction of work to ensure the state sovereignty of Russia in the new geopolitical realities is the achievement of technological sovereignty. The reasons for the sharp actualization of this problem in modern conditions are analyzed, which are considered in the context of discussions about the choice of a model for the socioeconomic and political-legal development of the country.
The Concept and Structure of the Administrative Law Mechanism of Implementation of the State Youth Policy
Authors: Popkova Tatyana S. ,   Deputy Director of the Center for Studies of Martial Arts and Health Practices of the Russian Presidential Academy
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the concept and structure of the administrative and legal mechanism for the implementation of the state youth policy. Particular attention is paid to various aspects of legal regulation in this area, as well as the role of various state bodies and organizations in the formation and implementation of youth policy. The author examines the key elements of the administrative and legal mechanism represented by state bodies and various organizations, their interaction and legal basis of activity. Special attention is paid to the effectiveness and relevance of the measures taken, their correspondence to the needs of the youth, as well as the analysis of the problems and prospects of implementing youth policy in the context of current socio-economic conditions.
Missing the Forest for the Trees: Ekiti State’s Quest for Forestry Revenue and its Impact on Forest Management
Authors: Quak Evert-jan
Published: July 2024

Effective forest management is required to reduce deforestation, protect local communities, tackle climate change, and restore biodiversity. Like other countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), Nigerian federal and decentralised governments have to find a balance between managing their forests sustainably, and other demands for the trees and land. Local actors use the forest for economic activities, such as harvesting trees for charcoal or timber, and others want to expand agricultural land. No single policy solution can guarantee to sustainably manage forests and halt deforestation. Land use regulations, stronger control of forestry industry practices, more public investment in forest management, and better tax and subsidy policies, must all play a role. This paper assesses the current forestry tax regime in Ekiti State, one of eight Nigerian states where forests represent more than 50 per cent of land area, and where forest revenue has been historically relevant. Based on 16 interviews with government state officials, forest officers, and actors from the industry, and data from the Ekiti Forestry Commission, our analysis suggests that ongoing depletion of forest resources is partially connected to an excessive focus on their capacity to generate revenue. The conceptualisation of the Forestry Commission as a revenue-raising rather than management agency, a continuous drive to extract revenue from the sector through outdated tax rates, and a view of industry potential disconnected from the existing stock, all perversely led to a lower contribution from forestry to the state budget.
Reintegration of IDPs and Refugees in Ukraine
Authors: Idris Iffat
Published: July 2024

The report reviews the reintegration of Ukrainian refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs), numbering 6.2 million and 3.7 million respectively as of October 2023. These individuals face challenges such as security, housing, services, and livelihoods. Effective reintegration requires international support and an integrated approach. Ensuring sustainable reintegration involves providing security, services, and economic opportunities. The international community should prioritise long-term support and coordination to address these needs and prevent further displacement.
Analisis Proses dan Tantangan Pengadaan Bahan Pustaka Pada Perpustakaan Universitas Medan Area
Authors: Surbakti Khoirunnisa
Published: July 2024

Procurement of library materials is an activity that must be carried out in a library in order to meet the needs of library users. This analysis was carried out at the Medan Area University library. This analysis aims to analyze the implementation of procurement of library material collections in the Medan Area University library. The activity of procuring library material collections aims to ensure that the collections are in accordance with the needs of Medan Area University library users. This research process uses a qualitative approach which refers to non-mathematical data analysis which provides data from direct observation techniques at the Medan Area University library and interviews conducted by Medan Area University library librarians. The results of research at the Medan Area University library show that the factors in procuring library materials are user needs and also the available budget, these two things are the main factors in procuring library materials. Apart from the procurement factor of library materials, the purchase of library material collections is carried out by the Medan Area University library through vendors or third parties, where the third party will purchase the book collections needed by the Medan Area University library. Procurement of library materials at the Medan Area University Library is carried out directly by the librarian at the library.
Analisis Literasi Digital Pustakawan Dalam Menghadapi Era Transformasi Digital
Authors: Nur Rizky Muhammad Reza
Published: July 2024

This research uses scientific strategies to collect the data needed for research to investigate library digital literacy in the context of the millennial period. is a set of methods created by researchers that covers everything from data collection to analysis. The Mils Huberman model data analysis technique which is included in the qualitative research category is used by the author in this research as a type of library research. By using this method, researchers can obtain data by asking the author to look for relevant information in the manuscript. Research findings To keep up with the rapid advances in digital technology in the current Millennial Era, librarians' digital literacy skills must be strengthened. Modern era advances have connected all current activities with the internet for access to information. A new generation known as "Digital Natives" has been formed in this Millennial Era. a generation that does everything by having instant access to digital information that they can obtain from any location at any time. To face the Digital Native era, librarians need to hone Digital Literacy skills which include learning to obtain information from various sources and getting used to using it.
Analisis SWOT Peran Strategis Perpustakaan Sekolah Al-Ittihad Pekanbaru dalam Meningkatkan Pelayanan
Authors: Latiar Hadira , Siddik Muhammad Nur Fakhri , Nadiva Salsabila Siti , Fadila Rahma , Ammarsah Ammarsah , Andika Sahputra Muhammad
Published: July 2024

The library has a strategic role in supporting learning and research at Al-Ittihad School. SWOT analysis is carried out to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges. In terms of deficiencies, libraries face the problem of dust on bookshelves, lack of preservation, limited warehouse space, shortage of librarians. However, libraries have advantages such as attractive interior designs, comfortable rooms, and facilities such as sofa chairs, study tables, computers, and well-maintained book collections. The presence of CCTV, lockers, good bookkeeping and textbooks are an added value. The SWOT analysis identified development opportunities, including interior design appeal, expansion of computer use, and potential for community events.  The challenges required thoughtful solutions, including regular cleaning, preservation programs, optimization of warehouse space, additional librarian training, investment in refrigeration systems, and installation of security systems. The research method used was qualitative by conducting observations and SWOT analysis at the Al-Ittihad School Library. The library's strengths involve the use of the SLiMS application, availability of WiFi, and appropriately skilled staff. Limited budget for updating collections is one of the weaknesses, even though the level of student and teacher visits has increased. The development plan involves utilizing the latest technology, partnerships with publishers, and support for online learning. Threats come from digital platforms which can threaten the attractiveness of libraries, so libraries need to maintain their existence by creating a comfortable environment. This research aims to provide a comprehensive picture of library conditions and support better strategic planning. By understanding SWOT, libraries can identify priorities, overcome weaknesses, and optimize potential to provide better services to the community