bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REVISITING PHOTOGRAPHIC MEMORY IN CLASH OF CHAMPIONS: HOW TO INTEGRATE PHOTOGRAPHIC MEMORY IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING (ELT)?
Authors: Nur Fitria Tira
Published: January 2025

This research explores the integration of photographic memory principles into English Language Teaching (ELT), focusing on descriptive qualitative methods. Photographic memory (eidetic memory), enables individuals to vividly remember visual stimuli after brief exposure, which is crucial in contexts like ELT where retention and recall are paramount. Integrating these principles into ELT emphasizes active learning and memory retention to enhance language proficiency through engaging tasks that mirror real-world language use. Educators utilize visual, mnemonic, contextual, and interactive strategies alongside repetition, review, and multi-sensory approaches to optimize learning outcomes. This approach not only supports students in mastering English skills but also fosters cognitive abilities related to memory and learning. In ELT, photographic memory proves invaluable across various domains. Students with this ability excel in vocabulary acquisition by associating words with mental images or visual cues, aiding retention. They also benefit from vividly recalling grammar rules and sentence structures presented in class, enhancing comprehension. Moreover, photographic memory assists in reading comprehension by facilitating accurate recall of text details, thereby improving students' ability to analyze and discuss content effectively. In developing pronunciation and listening skills, these learners leverage memory to replicate correct models and remember spoken phrases accurately, crucial for language acquisition. Lastly, in exams like TOEFL or IELTS, where memorization is crucial, students with photographic memory excel in quickly retrieving and applying knowledge, significantly enhancing their exam performance. Integrating photographic memory principles into ELT not only enhances language learning outcomes but also nurtures overall engagement and cognitive development, making it a powerful tool in educational contexts focused on language proficiency and academic achievement.
MALEFICENT’S SUPEREGO IN ROBERT STROMBERG’S “MALEFICENT” MOVIE (2014)
Authors: Werdarini Ana Hening Kusuma , Triwijayanti Adinda Zahra , Rahmatika Nadia , Nabila Salsa
Published: January 2025

This research is conducted to describe Maleficent’s superego and its function in Robert Stromberg’s Maleficent movie 2014 version by applying Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis. The qualitative method is used to describe the analysis. The result of this research reveals the evolution of Maleficent’s superego before and after Aurora’s birth. The first one is the superego believing that humans are wicked, represented by the human king and Stefan. In the second one, after meeting Aurora, her superego changes into believing that humans can be good. In the end, she is the true love of Aurora and can live side by side with her, eventually leading a harmonious life with the human kingdom. Hence, the superego’s function in the movie is pivotal to the plot twist, redefining Maleficent as both a villain and a heroine.
IMPLEMENTASI HUKUM AGRARIA DALAM KEPERDATAAN PADA SENGKETA KONSOLIDASI TANAH
Authors: Hibatullah Muhammad Fauzaan , Syuryani Syuryani , Adriaman Mahlil
Published: January 2025

Implementasi konsolidasi pada pertanahan yang terjadi di  tengah-tengah masyarakat dilatar belakangi dari suatu kebijakan pertanahan yang disebut dengan kosolidasi tana h. K onsolodasi tanah merupakan suatu kebijakan dalam menata ulang penguasaan, kepemilikan, penggunaan, serta memanfaatkan tanah sesuai dengan rencana tata ruang usaha dengan menyediakan kepentingan umum guna meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan maupun pemeliharaan sumber daya alam dengan melibatkan masyarakat. Namun kenyataannya tidak seperti yang diharapkan dimana dalam proses pelaksanaannya terdapat hambatan dan persengketaan yang sampai saat ini tidak kunjung selesai. Dalam kronologisnya permasalahan utama dari konsolidasi tanah di kelurahan Nan Balimo dan Kampung Jawa Kota Solok bermula dari penyerahan lahan oleh 8 (delapan) orang ninik mamak ampek jinih suku Nan Balimo kepada Pemerintah daerah Kota Solok seluas lebih kurang 240Ha.  Tujuan penelitian memuat sejumlah hak dan kewajiban bagi pemilik tanah maupun yang terlibat atas konsolidasi tanah. Metode penelitian yang penulis gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian normatif empiris. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi konsolidasi tanah belum maksimal dalam fungsinya serta belum sesuai dalam pelaksanaannya yang menyebabkan banyak sekali permasalahan sampai saat ini.
PEMBAJAKAN TERHADAP FILM ANIMASI SINEMATOGRAFI DENGAN APLIKASI TELEGRAM BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 28 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG HAK CIPTA
Authors: Putri Rani Dwi , Irianto Kartika Dewi
Published: January 2025

Hak Kekayaan Intelektual merupakan hasil kerja otak dan hasil kerja emosional manusia. Hasil kerja hati dalam bentuk abstrak yang dikenal dengan rasa perpaduan dari hasil kerja rasional dan emosional itu melahirkan sebuah karya yang disebut karya intelektual berupa ciptaan yang berbentuk karya, seni, desain, maupun penemuan yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam kehidupan manusia. Hasil kekeyaan intelektual tadi yang telah dilindungi oleh peraturan perundang-undangan masih kerap terjadinya pelangaran, pelangaran ini berupa pembajakan yang jelas akan suatu karya yang telah dilindungi oleh undang-undang. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif yaitu pengumpulan materi atau bahan penelitian yang ditujukan pada dokumen tertulis, dengan hasil yang akan didapatkan untuk mencari perlindungan hukum bagi sebuah film dan upaya pemerintah dalam mengatasi pembajakan seperti membentuk satuan tugas pengaduan dengan bekerja sama dengan PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia dan Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika untuk menyiapkan sistem peringatan. Melalui rumusan masalah bagimana perlindungan hukum film animasi sinematografi ditinjau dari postifistik hukum di Indonesia dan dan apa upaya pemerintah dalam menjamin perlindungan hukum bagi pencipta karya sinematografi di Indonesia ditengah maraknya pembajakan di aplikasi telagram.
Plan de negocios para la creación de una empresa dedicada a la producción y comercialización de chocolates orgánicos
Authors:   , Gonzales Palacios Jocelyn Teresa , La Madrid Zavala Rita Piera , Juarez Garcia Marleny Carito , Rodas Chavarry Rosa Maydeli
Published: January 2025

A raíz de la pandemia se ha podido observar que gran parte de las personas han cambiado el consumo sus alimentos, optando por una alimentación más sana y practicando deporte para mejorar la salud y el estado físico, así mismo INEI indica que la producción de cacao orgánico ha ido en incremento en los últimos años. Con la información recibida, el proyecto estará enfocado en la creación de una empresa dedicada al rubro de la producción y distribución de chocolates orgánicos, elaborados con cacao de la comunidad nativa Juan Pablo II ubicado en San Martín de Pangoa en la región de Junín. Eco Cacao S.A.C será una micro empresa que se dedicará a la producción y comercialización de chocolate orgánico en barra, su objetivo es ofrecer a los clientes un producto delicioso de calidad, natural libre de fertilizantes y demás químicos. Además, se preocupa y contribuye con el medio ambiente por ende Eco Cacao S.A.C ofrecerá sus productos con empaques biodegradables. A Través de ello se estará contribuyendo a alcanzar uno de los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible. La misión es proporcionar a los amantes del chocolate orgánico una experiencia excepcional y a la vez fomentar e incentivar prácticas sostenibles para el cuidado del medio ambiente, Eco Cacao S.A.C. se esforzará por ser líderes en producción del chocolate orgánico, ofreciendo productos deliciosos y de alta calidad que satisfagan los gustos y valores de sus clientes. El público objetivo está enfocado en los sectores A y B de Lima Metropolitana.
Three-mass mechanorheological model of the process of vibrational separation of mineral raw materials
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Lapshin Vladimir , Nemchinova Nina ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Ilizarov Daniel ,   North Caucasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (State Technological University), Nizhegorodov Anatoly ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University
Published: January 2025

Introduction. To date, a large volume of research has been carried out aimed at further development of the processes of vibration movement, transportation and separation of various bulk media. Mechanorheological models are widely used. The article presents the results of studies aimed at improving the accuracy and reliability of mathematical models describing the interaction of bulk material with the separator vibrating organ. Materials and Methods. The most advanced two-mass mechanorheological model of the process of mineral raw material particle motion along the separator vibrating organ was adopted as the initial model. The operation of this model was analyzed and the limitations associated with its mechanorheological scheme were assessed. Theoretical studies were performed to analyze the operation of the initial model and a more advanced model was proposed that eliminates the existing limitations. Results and discussion. The mechanics of operation and advantages of the proposed improved model are considered, and a mathematical description of the model of the vibration process under consideration is presented. It is shown that the developed mechanorheological model allows describing the dynamics of ore material particle motion along the separator working organ at a higher quality level. The second elastic-viscous block with an inertial element was added to the initial model. This made it possible to separate both bodies (particle and vibrating organ) into the model at the stage of contact interaction with the separator vibrating organ. Resume. As a result of the mathematical modeling, it was possible to describe the elastic deformations of the particle and the working surface of the organ separately, and therefore more accurately and reliably. Suggestions for practical applications and directions for future research. The data obtained from the conducted studies can be used when using vibration separators in enrichment processes to improve their efficiency.
Assessment of the potential effect of applying demand management technology at mining enterprises
Authors:   Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University, Zhukovsky Yury , Suslikov Pavel ,   Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Currently, the lack of classification of electricity consumers to manage load profiles leads to the impossibility of implementing measures to improve economic and energy efficiency using demand management methods. The study aims to develop a classification of consumers according to their load profiles. Materials and methods. The developed classification of electrical loads is described in terms of the proposed characteristics by graph analytical method. The proposed classification is used in the construction of the simulation model of the electrical complex for the purpose of demand management modelling. Results. The classification of electrical loads obtained in the paper is given in a form ready for conducting experiments in simulation modelling environments. Such environments can be Matlab or AnyLogic. Discussion. In the article, certain restrictions and assumptions that need to be introduced into the model to simplify the calculations were also given. The authors assume that in the future this may become an obstacle in the validation of results. Conclusion. In this article, groups of loads were reviewed and described for use in the demand management process. Further, a modelling approach was selected and justified. The simulation model was based on several aspects described in the paper: the developed classification of loads, the equipment grouped by mining sites, and the electrical part of the model, punctuated by a hybrid electrical system with three independent EE sources. For the model, the assumptions and the main objectives of creation were described in the context of assessing the possibility and potential effect of applying demand management technology in mining enterprises.
Study on the Migration Characteristics of Oil Under CO2 Flooding in Tight Reservoir Based on Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Wang Qinghua , Li Jing , Xu Yanchao
Published: January 2025

The increasing challenges of high water content and declining productivity in water-injected tight reservoirs underscore the need for a better understanding of residual oil recovery mechanisms and the enhancement of oil mobility to improve recovery rates. Carbon dioxide injection has demonstrated significant potential in mobilizing residual oil; however, the precise mechanisms driving this process remain insufficiently understood. This study systematically examines the migration dynamics of residual oil displaced by CO2 under unsaturated oil conditions within nanopores of tight reservoirs. Moreover, the research emphasizes the pivotal role of pore structure roughness in optimizing oil recovery efficiency. The findings reveal the following: (1) Phase mixing between CO2 and decane increases molecular spacing, resulting in volumetric expansion. Hydrogen bonding is the dominant mechanism driving CO2 adsorption on hydroxylated quartz surfaces, which directly leads to the desorption of membrane-like residual oil, exhibiting a distinct layer-by-layer peeling behavior. (2) The displacement of droplet-like residual oil in pore throats requires overcoming high-energy barriers, with CO2 influencing the process in three key aspects: (i) enhancing droplet deformability through phase mixing; (ii) shielding liquid-solid interface interactions via a molecular shell, thereby significantly reducing fluid migration resistance through liquid-liquid slip; and (iii) improving oil-water interfacial properties and reducing interfacial tension (IFT). (3) The effect of pore roughness r on droplet migration primarily manifests as changes in inertial forces. As r increases, alterations in flow field characteristics occur, leading to vortex formation and backflow. These findings provide new insights into the microscopic mechanisms of residual oil mobilization, offering valuable implications for enhancing recovery in tight reservoirs.
Development and Efficacy of a Game Play Program to Enhance Self-understanding, Interpersonal, and Logical-Mathematical Intelligences in 5-Year-Olds
Authors:   Soc Cognitive Enhancement Intervention, Yun Mi-Kyoung , Kim Min-Jung
Published: January 2025

Objects: This study aimed to develop a game play program to enhance self-understanding, interpersonal, and logical-mathematical intelligences in 5-year-olds and verify its effectiveness.
Method: A total of 16 children (7 boys and 9 girls) aged 5 years were randomly assigned to either an experimental (n = 8) or control group (n = 8). The program provided to the experimental group comprised interventions in the form of various games designed to improve self-understanding, interpersonal, and logical-mathematical intelligences. Pre- and post-tests were conducted for both groups to analyze the program's effectiveness. The control group received access to the program after the post-test.
Results: The experimental group showed significant improvements in self-understanding, interpersonal, and logical-mathematical intelligences from pre-test to post-test, whereas no significant changes were observed in the control group.
Conclusion: The findings confirm that the game play program has a positive impact on enhancing self-understanding, interpersonal, and logical-mathematical intelligences in 5-year-olds.
The Relationship between Covert Narcissism and Reactive Aggression: The Sequential Mediation Effect of Hostile Attribution Bias and Anger Rumination
Authors:   Soc Cognitive Enhancement Intervention, Sung Jiwoo , Kim Eunjung
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study examined the sequential mediating effects of hostile attribution bias and anger rumination in the relationship between covert narcissism and reactive aggression.
Methods: Self-report questionnaires assessing covert narcissism, hostile attribution bias, anger rumination, and reactive aggression were administered to 300 adults aged 19 years and above. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the sequential mediating effects of hostile attribution bias and anger rumination in the relationship between covert narcissis and reactive aggression.
Results: The relationship between covert narcissism and reactive aggression was found to be partially mediated by hostile attribution bias and anger rumination, sequentially. In addition, the relationship was partially mediated by anger rumination. Finally, the studied relationship was not found to be mediated by hostile attribution bias.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest the need to focus on hostile attribution bias and anger rumination as well as covert narcissism in therapeutic interventions for people with reactive aggression.
Do Young Children with High Metacognition Teach Others Better? The Link Between Metacognition and Teaching Ability in Early Childhood
Authors:   Soc Cognitive Enhancement Intervention, Jun Seoyeon , Jeong Jeein
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the development of young children’s metacognition and teaching abilities and the relationship between the two.
Methods: Participants comprised 107 children aged 4 to 6 years, recruited through convenience sampling. Children’s metacognition and teaching abilities were assessed using a card game. Metacognitive knowledge was evaluated by examining their understanding of the difficulty levels of the game’s rules; monitoring ability was measured by assessing their self-evaluation of performance; and control ability was measured as their ability to identify rules that needed to be re-learned. Teaching abilities were subsequently assessed when the children taught a puppet to play the card game.
Results: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that 6-year-olds demonstrated higher levels of metacognitive knowledge and monitoring than 4-year-olds, with control abilities improving significantly between ages 4 and 5 years of age. Older children demonstrated greater proficiency in teaching content and teaching strategies. Moreover, diverse relationships between metacognition and teaching abilities were observed, even after accounting for age and expressive vocabulary.
Conclusions: These findings highlight early childhood as a critical period for the foundational development of metacognition. Teaching others provides valuable opportunities for children to exercise their metacognitive abilities.
Development and Validation of Psychological Well-being Inventory for Childcare Professionals
Authors:   Soc Cognitive Enhancement Intervention, Lim Hyo Jin , Ryu Jaejun , Eoh Yookyung , Do Ryemi , Kang Ji Hyeon , Moon Sooyeon
Published: January 2025

Objective: The objective of this study is to develop and validate a self-report inventory to assess the psychological health of childcare professionals. Additionally, the study also aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the items and factors within the developed psychological health assessment.
Methods: A preliminary set of 144 items was created based on previous studies and literature review. The initial test was administered to a nationwide sample of 439 childcare professionals aged 20 to 50. Content validity was assessed through item content analysis, correlation analysis, and reliability checks, resulting in a final selection of 115 items. This finalized test was subsequently administered to 623 childcare professionals, and data were analyzed using correlation analysis and confirmatory factor analysis to verify construct validity (convergent and discriminant validity) and criterion validity.
Results: The developed inventory included a balanced range of protective and risk factors across eight factors: work environment, job burnout, personality strengths, personality weaknesses, internalizing problems, organizational issues, psychological well-being, and coping skills. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated good model fit, and standardized factor coefficients were statistically significant. Additionally, convergent and discriminant validity confirmed the inventory’s construct validity. Criterion validity was verified through significant correlations with existing assessments, including teacher efficacy, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and positive affect, confirming the overall validity of the inventory.
Conclusions: The psychological health inventory developed in this study reflects the specific job characteristics of childcare professionals. It is designed to assess not only psychological challenges but also personality strengths and resources. The inventory exhibits robust psychometric properties and is expected to serve as a valuable tool in childcare settings in Korea, contributing to the well-being of childcare professionals and the welfare of young children.
Analysing Water Quality and Aquatic Vegetation Dynamics in a Proposed Bird Sanctuary: A Case Study of Satajaan Beel, North Lakhimpur, Assam
Authors: Bhuyan Jintu Moni , Sharma Pallavi
Published: January 2025

Water quality assessment is crucial for understanding the environmental status of wetlands, which are among the most significant ecosystems on the planet. Satajaan Beel, a small yet vital wetland located in the Lakhimpur district of Assam on the floodplains of the Ranganadi River, serves as the focus of this study. This research evaluates various water quality parameters from samples collected at ten stations within the study area. The Water Quality Index (WQI) was determined using the weighted arithmetic method. The results revealed WQI values indicating very poor water quality for most samples: Sample 1 (77.93), Sample 2 (92.60), Sample 5 (75.47), Sample 6 (78.27), and Sample 8 (98.275). Samples 3 (117.38), 4 (113.47), 7 (131.79), and 10 (119.23) were deemed unsuitable for use without proper treatment, while Sample 9 (46.02) was the only one indicating good water quality. Additionally, the study assessed the biodiversity status of the area. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) calculation revealed a significant degradation of aquatic vegetation, with a calculated degradation rate of 2.84 acres or 7.84%. A survey conducted from 2018 to 2019 recorded 262 species of vascular plants within this wetland. The study also identified 42 species of fish belonging to 19 families, highlighting the ecological diversity and the need for conservation efforts in Satajaan Beel.
A novel antibiotic class targeting the enolase of Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Smani Younes , Panadero Irene Molina , Rodríguez Antonio Moreno , Cruz Mercedes de la , Sánchez Pilar , Samernate Thanadon , Pérez-Pulido Antonio , Glisic Sanja , Veljkovic Veljko , Genilloud Olga , Nonejuie Poochit , Hmadcha Abdelkrim
Published: January 2025

High-throughput screening studies provide an additional approach to discovering repurposed drugs for antimicrobial treatments. In this work, we report the identification of ENOblock, an anticancer drug, as a novel antibiotic class. We computationally and experimentally validated that ENOblock synergizes with the last resort antibiotic, the colistin. Additionally, we identified enolase as the potential bacterial target for ENOblock. The in silico and in vitro antibacterial activity of ENOblock translated into potent in vivo efficacy in animal infection models. Collectively, the preclinical data support the selection of ENOblock as a promising candidate for antimicrobial development, with the potential to address the urgent threat of infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii.
Transferable polychromatic optical encoder for neural networks
Authors: Majumdar Arka , Choi Minho , Xiang Jinlin , Wirth-Singh Anna , Baek Seung-Hwan , Shlizerman Eli
Published: January 2025

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have fundamentally transformed the field of computer vision, providing unprecedented performance. However, these ANNs for image processing demand substantial computational resources, often hindering real-time operation. In this paper, we demonstrate an optical encoder that can perform convolution simultaneously in three color channels during the image capture, effectively implementing several initial convolutional layers of a ANN. Such an optical encoding results in ~24,000 times reduction in computational operations, with a state-of-the art classification accuracy (~ 73.2%) in free-space optical system. In addition, our analog optical encoder, trained for CIFAR-10 data, can be transferred to the ImageNet subset, High-10, without any modifications, and still exhibits moderate accuracy. Our results evidence the potential of hybrid optical/digital computer vision system in which the optical frontend can pre-process an ambient scene to reduce the energy and latency of the whole computer vision system.
A High-Precision Machine Learning-Based Prediction Model for Delayed Graft functon(DGF) in Chinese Kidney Transplant Patients: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Cheng Ying , sun he , sun ping , ding zheng , wang xi , he long , ma ke xin , wang gang , li jing yun , Wang Kangchun , yu zitong , zhang weichen , gu tianxiang
Published: January 2025

Delayed graft function (DGF) is a severe complication following kidney transplantation, and currently, there is a lack of accurate prediction tools tailored for the Chinese population. This study integrates data from 1,093 kidney transplant cases across four medical centers in China (2016–2024) to develop and validate a machine learning-based model for DGF prediction. By comparing nine machine learning algorithms, we found that the LightGBM model performed best in external validation (AUC = 0.80, accuracy = 0.73). SHAP analysis identified donor GFR, donor hemoglobin, and recipient plasma BNP levels as the primary predictive factors, while also highlighting novel predictors such as donor microscopic hematuria and APTT. Cox regression analysis showed that preoperative dialysis duration in recipients (HR = 1.006, 95% CI: 1.001–1.012) was an independent predictor of DGF recovery. In the follow-up study, we observed that while the DGF mortality group exhibited the most significant kidney function impairment (serum creatinine β = 200.57, eGFR β = -39.91), the prognosis of the DGF survival group was comparable to that of the non-DGF survival group. Additionally, the duration of DGF (16.66 ± 13.73 vs. 15.44 ± 14.62 days) and the number of dialysis treatments (8.13 ± 7.39 vs. 7.78 ± 7.22 sessions) were not significantly associated with prognosis. Based on these findings, we developed an online prediction platform (www.kidney-dgf-match.cn) to support clinical decision-making. This study not only establishes the first high-precision DGF prediction model for the Chinese population but also reveals the potential for favorable outcomes in DGF patients with proper management, offering new insights for optimizing post-transplant management strategies.
Amino acid pathways are central for defense in Arabidopsis revealed by time-resolved, integrated multi-omics analysis
Authors: Sasse Joelle , Joller Charlotte , Schlaeppi Klaus
Published: January 2025

Plants respond to biotic stress by altering transcription and metabolism. While the temporal dynamic of transcriptional changes in immune-stimulated plants is established, little is known about spatio-temporal metabolic changes. Here, we investigate immune-stimulated Arabidopsis thaliana shoot, root, and root exudate metabolite profiles in a time-resolved manner. Roots and shoots exhibited comparable metabolite changes upon immune stimulation, with various metabolites increasing. First metabolite changes occurred after 1.5 hours and persisted for 3 days. Exudate responses occurred within 4 hours and diminished for pulse-treated but persisted for continuously treated plants. Many chemical classes responded to immune-stimulation: defense compounds (phenylpropanoids) increased within hours, and amino acids preceded this increase at 1.5 h in shoots, roots, and exudates. Transcriptome analysis at 4 h and 1 d and integrated, multi-omic analysis of transcription and metabolome supported the role of aromatic and aliphatic amino acids as central players preceding defense responses.
How do machines learn? Evaluating the AIcon2abs method
Authors: Queiroz Rubens Lacerda , Lima Cabral , Sampaio Fábio Ferrentini , Lima Priscila Machado Vieira
Published: January 2025

This study is an expansion of a previous work aiming to evaluate the AIcon2abs method (AI from Concrete to Abstract: Demystifying Artificial Intelligence to the general public), an innovative method aimed at increasing the public (including children) understanding of machine learning (ML). The approach employs the WiSARD algorithm, a weightless neural network known for its simplicity, and user accessibility. WiSARD does not require Internet, making it ideal for non-technical users and resource-limited environments. This method enables participants to intuitively visualize and interact with ML processes through engaging, hands-on activities, as if they were the algorithms themselves. The method allows users to intuitively visualize and understand the internal processes of training and classification through practical activities. Once WiSARD's functionality does not require an Internet connection, it can learn effectively from a minimal dataset, even from a single example. This feature enables users to observe how the machine improves its accuracy incrementally as it receives more data. Moreover, WiSARD generates mental images representing what it has learned, highlighting essential features of the classified data. AIcon2abs was tested through a six-hour remote course with 34 Brazilian participants, including 5 children (8–11 yo), 5 adolescents (12–17 yo), and 24 adults (21–72 yo). Data analysis was conducted from two perspectives: a mixed-method pre-experiment (including hypothesis testing), and a qualitative phenomenological analysis. Nearly 100% of participants rated AIcon2abs positively, with the results demonstrating a high degree of satisfaction in achieving the intended outcomes. This research was approved by the CEP/HUCFF/UFRJ Research Ethics Committee.
A one-pot method for universal Dengue virus detection by combining RT-RPA amplification and CRISPR/Cas12a assay
Authors: Zhang Yunkai , Xiang Yan , Hou Dengyong , Fang Liben , Cai Shuqi , Zhang Jianping , Wang Yujia , Jiang Yuyu , Liu Bin , Bai Jie , Ding Yue , Fang Jingjing , Chen Shuanghong , Liu Xingguang , Ren Xiaomeng
Published: January 2025

Dengue Virus (DENV) is a severe life-threatening virus to human, which is the major cause for dengue fever. However, the efficiency of traditional detection methods unable to meet the additional requirements in clinic practice, including the virus isolation method, ELISA, RT-PCR and qRT-PCR and so on. Therefore, a rapid, simple, and accurate diagnostic for DENV is highly desired. In the current study, we developed a novel method for universal DENV detection via introducing recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR) and associated (Cas) protein 12a (CRISPR/Cas12a) system in one-pot, achieving the extremely sensitivity and specificity for DENV. The whole detection assay can be finished within 40 min without the requirement for sophisticated equipment. The limit of detection (LoD) was 91.7 copies per test. All the recombinant plasmid of these four serotypes of DENV (I to IV) were successfully identified by using present one-pot DENV universal RT-RPA CRISPR/Cas12a detection system. As for specificity, a total of 22 DENV positive samples were successfully identified, and no-cross reactions were observed in 4 other interferes nuclear acid samples. Moreover, we also established the universal DENV RT-RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a- lateral flow dipstick (LFD) platform and all the four serotypes of DENV (I to IV) were successfully identified, reaching the sensitivity of about 250 copies/test. Together, our present method not only provided an alternative approach for universal DENV detection but also gained a novel insight for other virus identification.
The Prophylactic Effect of Ficus carica Nanoparticles on C57BL/6 Female Mice Infected with Schistosoma mansoni
Authors: El-Attar Naira Adel , El-Sawi Mamdouh Rashad , El-Shabasy Eman Ahmed
Published: January 2025

Schistosomiasis has re-spread again lately in Africa including Egypt according to World Health Organization in 2023. Bilharziasis is an endemic disease that causes damage to the lungs, gastrointestinal, and liver. Praziquantel (PZQ) is the most effective commercial treatment for all Schistosoma species, although it cannot cause total death after infection besides being ineffective against larvae and eggs. The thesis aimed to study the prophylactic effect of Ficus carica leaves extract nanoparticles (F. carica-NPCs), silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPCs), and in combination (F. carica-Ag NPCs) against Schistosoma mansoni infected mice. Schistosomiasis could cause hepatic injury which showed decrease in GSH, SOD and CAT (antioxidants) and an increase in oxidative stress marker MDA in comparison with the negative control group. It caused increase in inflammatory markers such as CRP, IL-6, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 in comparison to healthy control group. It elevated P53, Bax, cytochrome C, caspase 9, 3 otherwise Bcl-2 as apoptotic & anti-apoptotic markers in comparison with negative control group. Comet tail length and tail DNA showed significant DNA damage in infected mice compared to healthy control. Finally, hepatic cell membrane leak out occurred leading to increase in serum ALT, AST, ALP, ɤ-GT, and bilirubin unlike albumin as liver function parameters compared with the negative control group. The F. carica-NPCs, Ag-NPCs, and F. carica-Ag NPCs recorded significant amelioration in previous markers compared with the infected-untreated group. The F. carica-NPCs, Ag-NPCs, and F. carica-Ag NPCs had anti-schistosomal and hepatoprotective effects in comparison with the positive control group. The F. carica-Ag NPCs observed a better prophylactic effect than other groups.
Short-term nutrient addition improves soil organic carbon accumulation in tropical forest
Authors: Su Tian-yan , Jiang Ya-min , Chen Hua-ying , Wang Ying , Yang Qiu , Li Jia-ling , Lu Jing-li , Ran Hong-yu , Yang Huai , Liu Wenjie , Fang Meng-yang , Huang Liang-hong
Published: January 2025

Background and Aims: Highly weathered tropical forests are widely recognized as nitrogen (N)-rich and phosphorus (P)-poor, and the input of nutrienteffects soil carbon (C) cycling and storage in these ecosystems. In topsoil, short-term nutrient additionmay not only effect soil organic C (SOC) pools directly, but also impact soil C cycling and conversion process indirectly through altering soil microbial C use efficiency (CUE). However, the effects of short-term nutrient addition on soil C accumulation mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanisms of SOC responding to short-term nutrient addition.
Methods: This study conducted a one-year N and P additions experiment in the tropical forest of Hainan, China. The SOC, soil C fractions (POC and MAOC), microbial biomass, enzyme activities, and physicochemical properties at depths of 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm and 20–40 cm were measured.
Results: The results showed that short-term nutrient addition increased SOC (8.91–20.03%), POC (6.65–24.90%), and MAOC (8.74–19.89%) in the topsoil (0–10 cm and 10–20 cm), whereas no significant changes occurred in the subsoil (20–40 cm). The results of Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed that litter biomass and CUE were significantly positively correlated with SOC. The partial least squares-path model showed that short-term nutrient addition influences the SOC by altering physicochemical properties and microbial characteristics.
Conclusions:These results suggested that the short-term nutrient addition increased SOC through increased soil properties and decreased microbial activities. Such information could provide insight to understand the effects of nutrient addition on soil C pool in tropical forest.
Automated Email Spam Classifier Application Using Python Flask, Machine Learning and Selenium Tool
Authors: Eppakayala Sathvik , Ankula Shiva Kumar Goud
Published: January 2025

We have created an email spam classifier using Naïve Bayes in machine learning and designed a user interface using Python Flask. Recently, we got the idea to prepare a model that automatically classifies spam emails. To achieve this, we used the Selenium tool to grab our emails from the mail folder, test them with our Flask application, and then classify them into spam and ham. Remember, this whole process is automated. Initially, we created the pickle model using Naïve Bayes and deployed it into a Python Flask application. Then, we created a Selenium automated algorithm that works continuously. However, each part of our project will be defined step-by-step in detail. We have also created an algorithm, which is attached in this article. Finally, we have achieved the desired results and are still researching ways to improve the model.
Understanding Community Perceptions, Preparedness, and Expectations of Preconception Care: A Formative Research Approach
Authors: Misra Swati , Mahajan Kamlesh , Gawai Mohini , Raut Abhishek V. , Varma Poonam , Paradkar R. J. , Jain Shuchi , Gupta Subodh S. , Garg B. S.
Published: January 2025

Objective: The study explores community perceptions, preparedness, and expectations regarding preconception care (PCC). It evaluates the acceptance of nurses delivering PCC services, the efficiency of a community-based PCC package, and community readiness for village-level PCC services, aiming to co-develop a tailored PCC package.
Methods: This formative research employed a qualitative approach, including focus group discussions (FGDs), in-depth interviews (IDIs), and free listing and ranking exercises. Conducted in 96 villages across four Primary Health Centres in rural Maharashtra, the study involved diverse participants, including eligible couples, village representatives, and community health workers. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis, employing both deductive and inductive methods to identify themes related to perceptions, contributions, and expectations for PCC.
Results: The study revealed gaps in community awareness of PCC, including genetic screening and early detection. Despite this, members emphasized PCC’s benefits, such as improved maternal health and safer deliveries, showing strong support for accessible clinics with local involvement. Unique priorities like health screening, family wellbeing, and lifestyle modifications enriched PCC, reflecting a holistic approach.
Conclusion: The findings highlight the community's readiness to adopt PCC services, provided they are affordable, accessible, and tailored to local needs. The study underscores the importance of culturally sensitive approaches and leveraging community networks to promote PCC. Integrating locally prioritized areas into PCC frameworks can enhance maternal and child health outcomes and ensure effective implementation in resource-limited settings.
Risk Factors, Prevention and Control Programs, and Prevalence of Diabetes in Indoniesia – District Association
Authors: Machfutra Eka Denis , Wahidin Mugi , Wardani Yurika Fauzia , Kusuma Dian , Riyadina Woro , Sitorus Nikson , Letelay Alfons Maryono
Published: January 2025

Aims: The study aimed to examine the relationship between several risk factors as well as prevention and control programs with Diabetes prevalence at district level in Indonesia.
Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study design and performing descriptive, Pearson Correlation, and multivariate linear regression analysis. Secondary data was collected from the Ministry of Health and National Insurance Body involving 241 districts aggregate data. The risk factors included in the study were overweight, obesity, central obesity, sweet food consumption, sweet beverage consumption, fatty food consumption, lack of fruit and vegetable consumption, lack of physical activity, smoking, and hypertension. The prevention and control programs included NCD Post (Posbindu), village running Posbindu, examination of Posbindu, Pandu PHC, chronic disease program (Prolanis), routine checking blood glucose, Minimum standard service (SPM) of Diabetes services and adult screening.
Results: There was a difference in the prevalence of Diabetes between districts and cities (p-value <0.001) and difference across seven regions in Indonesia (p-value <0.001). There were 15 variables associated with Diabetes prevalence (R2 0.606), 5 of which had significant association, namely central obesity (p 0,018; Beta 0.027), fatty food consumption (p 0.015; Beta 0.006), smoking (p 0.002; Beta -0.034), Prolanis (p 0.001; Beta 0.899), and routine of blood glucose checking (p 0,000; Beta 0.279).
Conclusions: Several risk factors and programs associated with Diabetes prevalence at district level in Indonesia.
The Role of Natural Resource Wealth and National-Level Economic Forces in Energy Poverty Intensity in African Economies
Authors: Aladejare Samson Adeniyi
Published: January 2025

Despite the overwhelming natural resource endowments and economic progression of Africa, the continent happens to be the world’s poorest energy source in terms of availability, affordability, and accessibility of energy for basic human needs. Consequently, this paper examined the contributions of natural resource rents and homogenous economic factors to energy poverty intensity in 26 African countries between 1990 and 2023. Methodologically, the method of moments quantile regression approach was employed in deriving the study’s main inferences. Also, the dynamic common correlated estimation technique was applied for robustness. Empirically, the paper demonstrated that in African economies with relatively high levels of energy poverty intensity, resource endowments have a weak effect in propelling the former. However, natural resource rents are more important to exacerbate energy poverty in African countries with relatively more moderate energy poverty severity than those with low intensity. As a national-level economic factor, while income has an insignificant effect irrespective of energy poverty intensity in the African economies, public outlay substantially aggravates across all energy poverty intensity classifications by the same magnitude. However, infrastructure development reduced energy poverty more in economies with relatively low energy poverty severity, followed by moderate and high-intensity nations. Also, population growth’s adverse impact was most dominant in the low-energy-poverty-intense countries, followed by the medium- and high-energy-poverty-severe economies. Applicable policy measures were proposed by the study.
JEL Classification: O13, O55, Q43.
A Study on Clinical Outcomes of Septic Shock Patients Receiving Intravenous Vitamin C
Authors: Fareedullah Mohammed , Panga Shanmuka Nagaraju , Ahmed Mohammed Haseeb , Arif Afaaf , Razzak Mohammed Munaf Ur , Haq Mohammed Misbah Ul , Almas Juveria
Published: January 2025

Background
Sepsis is a severe condition resulting from a dysregulated immune response to infection, often leading to organ failure and high mortality rates. Septic shock, the most severe form, has a mortality rate of 25–40% despite standard treatments.
Aim
To evaluate the impact of intravenous vitamin C on improving clinical outcomes in septic shock patients. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of high-dose intravenous vitamin C as a supplementary therapy in patients with septic shock.
Methods
A prospective, interventional study was conducted on 50 septic shock patients in the critical care unit (CCU) of a multispecialty hospital in Hyderabad, India. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: the test group received intravenous vitamin C, while the control group received standard care. Data collected included demographics, comorbidities, infection source, blood culture results, vasopressor use, length of CCU stay, and MAP levels. SOFA and APACHE II scores were calculated before and after treatment. Data analysis was done using Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 26.
Results
The test group showed improvement in clinical outcomes, including reduced 30-day mortality, better APACHE II and SOFA scores, shorter ICU stays, and decreased vasopressor duration compared to the control group.
Conclusion
Intravenous vitamin C may help resolve septic shock more rapidly. However, due to the study’s small sample size and short duration, further research is needed to confirm the benefits of vitamin C in managing septic shock.
Population Changes and Healthcare Delivery in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: Arochukwu Agatha , Ike Felix , Adewoyin Adelowo Adefisayo , Eludoyin Adebayo
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the population dynamics of healthcare delivery in Ebonyi State, Nigeria, emphasising gender disparities, spatial distribution, and the accessibility of basic health facilities, employing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for analysis. The research reveals that Izzi, Onicha, Ikwo, and Ohaukwu Local Government Areas (LGAs) collectively account for over 40% of the state's population. Demographic data indicates a 2.8% annual population growth across the 13 LGAs from 2006 to 2022, with Ivo LGA, the least populated, representing approximately 4.6% of the state's population. The GIS analysis indicates that 81.1% of the population resides within 60 minutes of a primary healthcare centre (PHC), though accessibility varies significantly, especially in rural areas. The gender distribution shows an overall balance with 49% males and 51% females; however, LGAs such as Izzi and Ikwo exhibit a higher proportion of females than males. These findings underscore the necessity for targeted healthcare interventions, including equitable resource allocation, enhancement of PHC facilities, and the provision of gender-sensitive services such as maternity and pediatric care. The GIS-based accessibility mapping highlights the importance of incorporating spatial analysis into healthcare planning to identify underserved areas and optimise resource allocation. This study provides essential data for developing population-centered, spatially aware, and sustainable healthcare policies in Ebonyi State, thus serving as a valuable resource for international health researchers and policymakers.
Analisis Nilai Toleransi Novel 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa dan Relevansinya dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Ramadhanty Widya Risky , Putri Nur Aini Saura
Published: January 2025

The value of tolerance is part of the norms that exist in society in terms of religion, culture, language and nation. An attitude of tolerance is very much needed in social life as a unifier of differences because the existence of differences will give rise to diversity in a person's results, thoughts and insights. The research method in this study is descriptive qualitative with the data source being the novel 99 Cahaya di Langit Europa. Collecting data by (1) Reading the novel 99 Cahaya di Langit Europe by paying close attention to each meaning conveyed by the author. (2) Looking for text quotes that match the value of tolerance. (3) Analyzing the data results by identifying parts relating to inter-ethnic tolerance contained in the novel 99 Cahaya di Langit Europa. (4) Analyzing the relevance of the value of tolerance contained in the novel 99 Cahaya di Langit The sky of Europe by learning Indonesian in high school. (5) Summarize the results of the analysis of the novel. The results of the analysis show that the values ​​of tolerance contained in the novel 99 Cahaya di Langit Europa are intercultural tolerance, language tolerance and religious tolerance. Then this novel is relevant to class XII Indonesian language learning at KD 3. menganalisis isi dan kebahasaan novel.