bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interaksi Kepimpinan Perkongsian Mentor Melalui Motivasi Kerja Guru
Authors: Lonsiong Dadymus Upin , Ag Kiflee@Dzulkifli Dg Norizah Binti
Published: August 2020

Kertas konsep ini membincangkan interaksi gaya kepimpinan perkongsian ‘mentor’ terhadap tekanan kerja guru melalui motivasi kerja guru sekolah rendah di Sabah. Dalam proses mencapai matlamat untuk meningkatkan pencapaian murid, perkembangan dan pengukuhan kualiti guru perlu diberikan perhatian yang lebih lagi terutamanya motivasi dan pengurusan tekanan kerja di sekolah. Guru-guru juga memerlukan bantuan atau bimbingan daripada ‘mentor’ iaitu pegawai SISC+ untuk menjalankan pengajaran yang berkesan. Melalui bimbingan mentor tersebut, kualiti pendidikan yang lebih baik dapat dipelajari oleh murid-murid di sekolah rendah. Kepimpinan perkongsian terbentuk daripada faktor berorientasikan tugas seperti perancangan dan pengurusan serta penyelesaian masalah, dan faktor berorientasikan hubungan seperti sokongan dan pertimbangan serta pembangunan dan pementoran. Kepimpinan perkongsian semakin berkembang dan digunakan di dalam organisasi sebagai struktur berasaskan pasukan menggantikan struktur hierarki. Maka, motivasi kerja akan merangsang individu untuk mengambil tindakan tertentu untuk mendorong pekerja mencapai hasil yang berkesan. Motivasi bermula daripada keperluan, matlamat yang ingin dicapai dan haruslah mempunyai pertimbangan dan guru yang bermotivasi sentiasa berada dalam suatu ketegangan. Bagi mengurangkan tekanan ini, mereka harus lebih berusaha. Tekanan kerja adalah pengalaman yang berkait rapat dengan emosi guru tersebut terutamanya perasaan negatif dan berkaitan dengan kerja guru. Justeru itu, apabila guru boleh mengawal tekanan mereka, maka proses pengajaran dan pembelajarannya akan berjalan dengan lancar dan berkesan dalam mencapai matlamat yang telah ditetapkan oleh Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.
Pendidikan Inklusif: Efikasi Kendiri Guru Prasekolah
Authors: Jongkulin Mohammad Azman , Talip Roslee , Taat Muhammad Suhaimi
Published: August 2020

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti efikasi kendiri Guru Prasekolah terhadap pelaksanaan Pendidikan Inklusif. Kajian kuantitatif ini menggunakan kaedah tinjauan yang melibatkan 100 orang Guru Prasekolah di Zon Pantai Barat Sabah. Pemboleh ubah kajian telah diuji menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inferensi dengan menggunakan perisian SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science version 25.0). Berdasarkan analisis deskriptif, dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan efikasi kendiri Guru Prasekolah secara keseluruhan adalah berada pada tahap tinggi (M=3.7367, SD=.5938) dengan dimensi pengajaran (M=3.8000, SD=.6168) pada tahap paling tinggi diikuti oleh kerjasama (M=3.7417, SD=.6579) serta pengurusan tingkah laku (M=3.6683, SD=.6562). Ujian-t dan ANOVA menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbezaan efikasi kendiri Guru Prasekolah terhadap pelaksanaan Pendidikan Inklusif yang signifikan berdasarkan jantina dan pengalaman mengajar.
Kerangka Kaedah Kajian Penyelidikan: Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Komitmen Prestasi Kerja
Authors: Nordin Norsyamimi , Hassan Mohammad Mujaheed
Published: August 2020

Prestasi kerja dilihat sebagai suatu set tingkah laku yang relevan dengan pencapaian matlamat organisasi atau unit organisasi tempat seseorang itu bekerja. Kerajaan telah menyarankan budaya kerja berasaskan prestasi dengan menggunakan petunjuk-petunjuk prestasi utama atau Key Performance Indicators (KPI) yang diterapkan dalam perkhidmatan awam mahupun swasta bagi meningkatkan kualiti penyampaian perkhidmatan. Sejajar dengan visi, misi dan fungsi agensi, setiap organisasi perlu mengukur prestasi perkhidmatan yang diberikan bagi memastikan semua perkhidmatan berkenaan disampaikan kepada pelanggan dengan baik. Ini secara tidak langsung dapat memberikan gambaran yang jelas mengenai prestasi organisasi secara keseluruhannya. Menyedari akan kepentingan prestasi kerja dalam meningkatkan kecemerlangan sesebuah organisasi, maka kajian ini cuba menghasilkan kerangka kaedah kajian penyelidikan bagi mengkaji faktor komitmen kerja yang mempengaruhi prestasi kerja seseorang pekerja di dalam organisasi. Walaubagaimanapun, kerangka kajian penyelidikan ini hanya memberi penekanan kepada empat faktor komitmen kerja yang mempengaruhi prestasi kerja yang utama sahaja sebagai pemboleh ubah tidak bersandar iaitu faktor penyeliaan, rakan sekerja, pendapatan dan minat. Kajian ini juga akan menjadikan latar belakang seperti jantina, umur dan tempoh pekerjaan sebagai pembolehubah terdahulu yang akan dihubungkaitkan dengan prestasi kerja secara tidak langsung. Kaedah kajian penyelidikan yang digunakan adalah kaedah kuantitif dengan menggunakan borang soal selidik untuk mendapatkan maklumat daripada responden. Kerangka kajian di jangka mampu membantu sesebuah organisai mengenalpasti isu di dalam organisasi dan mengambil tindakan yang sewajarnya bagi meningkatkan prestasi kerja mereka.
A Pilot Study of the Relationship Between Parenting Style and Academic Procrastination Among Final Year Students of Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)
Authors: Sulaiman Fasya , Hassan Mohammad Mujaheed
Published: August 2020

Academic procrastination is a behaviour which can be defined as putting off, delay, prolong, defer, stall, or postpone in performing tasks related to the academic. Academic procrastination is not a new phenomenon but it is a common behaviour especially among students as previous research has found that approximately 75% of students consider themselves as procrastinators. This issue is very much related to the “Student Syndrome” where student only starts to make themselves work in completing the task instantly right before the due date and leaving them with a very short period of time to complete it. There were many previous researchers that had investigated the factors that causing academic procrastination and one of the most common factors are parenting style. However, the pattern of the previous results was inconsistent. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate in deep on the relationship between the motivational aspects of parenting style to academic procrastination with focusing among the undergraduate students who are in their final year from Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia. The research design of this study is a quantitative research and for that reason, a set of questionnaire was distributed to 148 respondents. Result shows that 52.7% of the final year students perceived at high level of academic procrastination. Apart from that, the result also shows that there is no significant relationship between gender and parenting styles to academic procrastination. As a conclusion, academic procrastination is a common behaviour among final year students. However, parenting styles does not affecting academic procrastination due to the students’ age which can be categorised as early adulthood which at this age, parenting style factors does not give an impact on academic procrastination.
Kepimpinan Pengetua Berdasarkan Atribut Semula Jadi dalam Memartabatkan Profesionalisme Keguruan di SMK St Micheal Penampang, Sabah
Authors: Marasan Rohani Binti , Ag. Kiflee@Dzukifli Dg. Norizah , Atang Colonius
Published: August 2020

Kepimpinan pengetua diterokai berdasarkan atribut semula jadi yang memfokuskan ketegasan kepimpinan pengetua dalam lapan bidang amalan pengurusan di sekolah. Kerangka teoritikal adalah bersandarkan Teori The Great Man dan model pengetua berkesan diaplikasikan dalam menjalankan kajian secara kualitatif iaitu melalui kajian kes tunggal. Data kualitatif ini diperolehi dengan menemubual pengetua, barisan pentadbir, guru kanan mata pelajaran, dan guru-guru. Data kualitatif dianalisa secara manual. Dapatan menunjukkan atribut semula jadi pengetua berdasarkan aspek ketegasan adalah mencerminkan kewibawaan sikap pengetua dalam amalan pengurusannya di sekolah. Aspek ini diteliti berdasarkan tema demografi pengetua dan pandangan guru-guru. Temu bual mendalam ini menjelaskan amalan pengurusan kepimpinan pengetua dalam lapan bidang utama di sekolah didapati menyokong dapatan sebagaimana dalam teori dibangunkan serta model pengetua berkesan. Bagaimanapun, dalam menghadapi cabaran impak globalisasi, pengetua juga memerlukan sokongan daripada pelbagai pihak sama ada warga sekolah mahupun pihak luar dalam mengurus sekolah dengan lebih berkesan.
Kepimpinan Instructional Penyelia Operasi Pendidikan Awal Kanak-kanak dan Hubungnya dengan Kepuasan Kerja Pemaju Masyarakat TABIKA atau TASKA KEMAS
Authors: Jipin Mary , Ambotang Abdul Said
Published: August 2020

Kertas konsep ini bertujuan untuk membincangkan mengenai kepimpinan instruktional dalam kalangan Penyelia Pendidikan awal kanak-kanak dan kepuasan kerja guru Tabika/Taska KEMAS. Dalam era globlalisasi yang pesat dengan pembangunan teknologi alam maya, pemimpin dan peneraju pendidikan awal kanak-kanak perlu mempunyai kompetensi seiring dengan tranformasi pendidikan yang telah dirancang. Kepimpinan instruktional dalam kalangan Penyelia Operasi Pendidikan Awal Kanak-kanak Jabatan Kemajuan Masyarakat KEMAS perlu di implementasikan untuk mencapai tahap kepimpinan optimum yang selaras dengan Standard Kualiti Prasekolah Kebangsaan. Kajian tinjauan ini dilaksanakan bagi tujuan untuk mengenalpasti tahap kepimpinan instruksional Penyelia Operasi Pendidikan Awal Kanak-kanak dan hubunganya dengan kepuasan kerja, Pemaju Masyarakat Tabika/Taska (guru) KEMAS. Seramai 24 orang Penyelia Operasi Pendidikan awal Kanak-kanak dari 24 Parlimen dan 240 Pemaju Masyarakat Tabika/Taska KEMAS di Sabah akan dipilih dalam kajian ini. Seterusnya kajian ini memberi implikasi bahawa pengaruh tahap kepimpinan Penyelia Operasi Pendidikan Awal Kanak-Kanak dan kepuasan kerja Pemaju Masyarakat Tabika/Taska amat penting untuk memastikan halatuju pendidikan awal kanak-kanak di Jabatan KEMAS.
A prática pedagógica da Educação Física na escola de tempo integral num olhar multirreferencial
Authors: Costa Mackson Luiz Fernandes da , Melo José Pereira de
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo é um ensaio teórico que objetiva apresentar uma reflexão sobre a prática pedagógica da Educação Física na escola de tempo integral a partir do fundamento epistemológico da multirreferencialidade. A multirreferencialidade é uma perspectiva epistemológica que nega a existência do conhecimento de um ponto de vista purista e monológico, compreendendo os fenômenos em sua complexidade. A Educação Física, enquanto prática pedagógica, por muito tempo se justificou pelo referencial da aptidão física e do rendimento com o fim da formação esportiva, privilegiando uma formação voltada para a técnica do movimento padronizado, ficando restrita a referenciais únicos. É como espaço de relações plurais que concebemos a escola de tempo integral, e a Educação Física como parte desse contexto deve desenvolver uma prática pedagógica que perspective uma leitura plural a consciência corporal dos sujeitos implicados, fazendo-os compreender sua participação na sociedade como agentes, atores e autores que criam sentidos.
The interaction between urbanization and aerosols during a typical winter haze event in Beijing
Authors: Yu Miao , Tang Guiqian , Yang Yang , Li Qingchun , Wang Yonghong , Miao Shiguang , Zhang Yizhou , Wang Yuesi
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Aerosols cause cooling at the surface by reducing shortwave radiation, while
urbanization causes warming by altering the surface albedo and releasing
anthropogenic heat. The combined effect of the two phenomena needs to be
studied in depth. The effects of urbanization and aerosols were investigated
during a typical winter haze event. The event, which occurred in Beijing
from 15 to 22 December 2016, was studied via the Rapid-Refresh Multiscale
Analysis and Prediction System – Short Term (RMAPS-ST) model. The mechanisms
of the impacts of aerosols and urbanization were analyzed and quantified.
Aerosols reduced urban-related warming during the daytime by 20 % (from 30 %
to 50 %) as concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) increased from 200 to
400 µg m−3. Conversely, aerosols also enhanced urban-related
warming at dawn, and the increment was approximately 28 %, which
contributed to haze formation. Urbanization reduced the aerosol-related
cooling effect by approximately 54 % during the haze event, and the
strength of the impact changed little with increasing aerosol content. The
impact of aerosols on urban-related warming was more significant than the
impact of urbanization on aerosol-related cooling. Aerosols decreased the
urban impact on the mixing-layer height by 148 % and on the sensible heat
flux by 156 %. Furthermore, aerosols decreased the latent heat flux;
however, this reduction decreased by 48.8 % due to urbanization. The
impact of urbanization on the transport of pollutants was more important
than that of aerosols. The interaction between urbanization and aerosols may
enhance the accumulation of pollution and weigh against diffusion.
Occurrence of discontinuities in the ozone concentration data from three reanalyses
Authors: Krizan Peter , Kozubek Michal , Lastovicka Jan
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Ozone is a very important trace gas in the stratosphere and thus we need to know its time evolution over the globe. The ground based measurements are rare, especially in the Southern Hemisphere. Satellite ozone data have broader coverage, but they are not available from everywhere. On the other hand, the reanalyse data have regular spatial and temporal structure, which is very good for trend analyses. But there are discontinuities in these data.These discontinuities may influence the result of trend studies. The aim of this paper is to detect the discontinuity occurrence (DO) in the following reanalyses: MERRA-2, ERA-5 and JRA-55 with the help of the Pettitt homogeneity test at all common layers above 500 hPa. The discontinuities are sorted according to their size to the significant and the insignificant ones; the former can affect the ozone trend studies. It was shown that DO for the significant discontinuities is the smallest in JRA-55. In the upper model layers, the discontinuity occurrence is the highest. The other area of high DO is the troposphere.
Aerosol impacts on warm-cloud microphysics and drizzle in a moderately polluted environment
Authors: Chen Ying-Chieh , Wang Sheng-Hsiang , Min Qilong , Lu Sarah , Lin Pay-Liam , Lin Neng-Huei , Chung Kao-Shan , Joseph Everette
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Climate is critically affected by aerosols, which can alter cloud lifecycles and precipitation distribution through radiative and microphysical effects. In this study, aerosol and cloud properties datasets from MODIS onboard Aqua satellite and surface observations, including aerosol concentrations, raindrop size distribution, and meteorological parameters, were used to statistically quantify the effects of aerosols on low-level warm cloud microphysics and drizzle over northern Taiwan during fall seasons (from October 15 to November 30 of 2005–2017). Results indicated that clouds in northwestern Taiwan, which with active human activity is dominated by low-level clouds (e.g. warm, thin, and broken clouds). The observed effects of aerosols on warm clouds indicated aerosol indirect effects; increasing aerosol loading caused a decrease in cloud effective radius (CER), an increase in cloud optical thickness, an increase in cloud fraction, and a decrease in cloud top temperature under a fixed cloud water path. A quantitative value of aerosol–cloud interactions (ACI = (δ ln⁡ CER)/(δ  ln⁡ α), changes in CER depend on changes in aerosols) were calculated to be 0.07 for our research domain. ACI values varied between 0.09 and 0.06 in surrounding clean and heavily polluted areas, respectively, which indicated that aerosol indirect effects were more sensitive in the clean area. Analysis of raindrop size distribution observations during high aerosol loading resulted in a decreased frequency of drizzle events, redistributed cloud water to more numerous and smaller droplets, and reduced collision–coalescence rates. However, in the scenario of light precipitation (≤ 1 mm h−1), high aerosol concentrations drive raindrops towards smaller droplet sizes and increase the appearance of drizzle drops. This study used long-term surface and satellite data to determine aerosol variations in northern Taiwan, effects on the clouds and precipitations, and applications to observational strategy planning for future research on aerosol–cloud–precipitation interactions.
Atmospheric methane source and sink sensitivity analysis using Gaussian process emulation
Authors: Stell Angharad C. , Western Luke M. , Rigby Matthew
Published: August 2020

Abstract. We present a method to efficiently approximate the response of atmospheric methane mole fraction and δ13C-CH4 to changes in uncertain emission and loss parameters in a three-dimensional global chemical transport model. Our approach, based on Gaussian process emulation, allows relationships between inputs and outputs in the model to be efficiently explored. The presented emulator successfully reproduces the chemical transport model output with a root-mean-square error of 1.2 ppb and 0.06 ‰ for hemispheric methane mole fraction and δ13C-CH4, respectively, for 28 uncertain model inputs. The method is shown to outperform multiple linear regression, because it captures non-linear relationships between inputs and outputs, as well as the interaction between model input parameters. The emulator was used to determine how sensitive methane mole fraction and δ13C-CH4 are to the major source and sink components of the atmospheric budget, given current estimates of their uncertainty. We find that our current knowledge of the methane budget, as inferred through hemispheric mole fraction observations, is limited primarily by uncertainty in the global mean hydroxyl radical concentration and emissions from fresh water. Our work quantitatively determines the added value of measurements of δ13C-CH4, which are sensitive to some uncertain parameters that mole fraction observations on their own are not. However, we demonstrate the critical importance of constraining isotopic initial conditions and isotopic source signatures, small uncertainties in which strongly influence long-term δ13C-CH4 trends, because of the long timescales over which transient perturbations propagate through the atmosphere. Our results also demonstrate that the magnitude and trend of methane mole fraction and δ13C-CH4 can be strongly influenced by the combined uncertainty of more minor components of the atmospheric budget, which are often fixed and assumed to be well-known in inverse modelling studies (e.g. emissions from termites, hydrates, and oceans). Overall, our work provides an overview of the sensitivity of atmospheric observations to budget uncertainties and outlines a method which could be employed to account for these uncertainties in future inverse modelling systems.
Physiological responses of Skeletonema costatum to the interactions
of seawater acidification and combination of photoperiod and temperature
Authors: Li Hangxiao , Xu Tianpeng , Ma Jing , Li Futian , Xu Juntian
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Ocean acidification (OA), which is a major environmental change caused by increasing atmospheric CO2, has considerable influences on marine phytoplankton. But few studies have investigated interactions of OA and seasonal changes in temperature and photoperiod on marine diatoms. In the present study, a marine diatom Skeletonema costatum was cultured under two different CO2 levels (LC, 400 μatm; HC, 1000 μatm) and three different combinations of temperature and photoperiod length (8:16 L:D with 5 ℃, 12:12 L:D with 15 ℃, 16:8 L:D with 25 ℃), simulating different seasons in typical temperate oceans, to investigate the combined effects of these factors. The results showed that specific growth rate of S. costatum increased with increasing temperature and daylength. However, OA showed contrasting effects on growth and photosynthesis under different combinations of temperature and daylength: while positive effects of OA were observed under spring and autumn conditions, it significantly decreased growth (11 %) and photosynthesis (21 %) in winter. In addition, low temperature and short daylength decreased the proteins of PSII (D1, CP47 and RubcL) at ambient pCO2 level, while OA alleviated the negative effect. These data indicated that future ocean acidification may show differential effects on diatoms in different cluster of other factors.
Rankings of extreme and widespread dry and wet events in the Iberian Peninsula between 1901–2016
Authors: Liberato Margarida L. R. , Montero Irene , Gouveia Célia , Russo Ana , Ramos Alexandre M. , Trigo Ricardo M.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Extensive, longstanding dry and wet episodes are one of the most frequent climatic extreme events in the Iberian Peninsula. Here, we present a method for ranking regional extremes of persistent, widespread drought and wet events, considering different time scales. The method is based on the multiscalar Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) gridded dataset for the Iberian Peninsula. SPEI was computed using the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) between 1901 and 2016 using a log-logistic probability distribution function. The Potential Evapotranspiration (PET) was computed through the Penmann-Monteith equation. The ranking classification method is based on the evaluation of the magnitude of an event, which is obtained after considering both the area affected respectively by the dryness or wetness – defined by SPEI values over a certain threshold – and its intensity in each grid point. A sensitivity analysis on the impact of different thresholds to define dry and wet events is performed. A comprehensive dataset of rankings of the most extreme, prolonged, widespread dry and wet periods in the Iberian Peninsula is presented, for aggregated time scales of 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Results show that in the Iberian Peninsula there is not a region more prone to the occurrence of any of these long-term (dry and/or wet) most extreme events.
Measurements from mobile surface vehicles during LAPSE-RATE
Authors: de Boer Gijs , Waugh Sean , Erwin Alexander , Borenstein Steven , Dixon Cory , Shanti Wafa'a , Houston Adam , Argrow Brian
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Between 14 and 20 July 2018, small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) were deployed to the San Luis Valley of Colorado (USA) alongside surface-based remote, in-situ sensors, and radiosonde systems as part of the Lower Atmospheric Profiling Studies at Elevation – a Remotely-piloted Aircraft Team Experiment (LAPSE-RATE). The measurements collected as part of LAPSE-RATE targeted quantities related to enhancing our understanding of boundary layer structure, cloud and aerosol properties and surface-atmosphere exchange, and provide detailed information to support model evaluation and improvement work. Additionally, intensive intercomparison between the different unmanned aircraft platforms was completed. The current manuscript describes the observations obtained using three different types of surface-based mobile observing vehicles. These included the University of Colorado Mobile UAS Research Collaboratory (MURC), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Severe Storms Laboratory Mobile Mesonet, and two University of Nebraska Combined Mesonet and Tracker (CoMeT) vehicles. Over the one-week campaign, a total of 143 hours of data were collected using this combination of vehicles. The data from these coordinated activities provide detailed perspectives on the spatial variability of atmospheric state parameters (air temperature, humidity, pressure, and wind) throughout the northern half of the San Luis Valley. These data sets have been checked for quality and published to the Zenodo data archive under a specific community set up for LAPSE-RATE (https://zenodo.org/communities/lapse-rate/) and are accessible at no cost by all registered users. The primary dataset DOIs are https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814765 (CU MURC measurements; de Boer et al., 2020d), https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3738175 (NSSL MM measurements; Waugh, 2020) and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838724 (UNL CoMeT measurements; Houston and Erwin., 2020).
INFORMATION THEORY OF CARTOGRAPHY: A FRAMEWORK FOR ENTROPY-BASED CARTOGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION THEORY
Authors: Li Z.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Map is an effective communication means. It carries and transmits spatial information about spatial objects and phenomena, from map makers to map users. Therefore, cartography can be regarded as a communication system. Efforts has been made on the application of Shannon Information theory developed in digital communication to cartography to establish an information theory of cartography, or simply cartographic information theory (or map information theory). There was a boom during the period from later 1960s to early 1980s. Since later 1980s, researcher have almost given up the dream of establishing the information theory of cartography because they met a bottleneck problem. That is, Shannon entropy is only able to characterize the statistical information of map symbols but not capable of characterizing the spatial configuration (patterns) of map symbols. Fortunately, break-through has been made, i.e. the building of entropy models for metric and thematic information as well as a feasible computational model for Boltzmann entropy. This paper will review the evolutional processes, examine the bottleneck problems and the solutions, and finally propose a framework for the information theory of cartography. It is expected that such a theory will become the most fundamental theory of cartography in the big data era.
SHIFTING CULTIVATION PRACTICES IN BARAK VALLEY, INDIA – POLICY SCENARIOS FROM A SPATIALLY EXPLICIT LAND USE MODEL
Authors: Misra J. , Rajan K. S.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Barak valley is a region in north east part of India where the practice of shifting cultivation is quite prevalent. Population growth coupled with the geographic isolation of the area have led to an increased pressure on land and a consequent decline in forest cover. The decrease of forests observed is spatially distributed and dependent on neighborhood rules. Hence, we look towards modelling the land use change to understand the land use changes and the factors affecting them. In this paper, we modify an agent-based land use model for modelling shifting cultivation to determine how various policy changes at a larger scale might affect the shifting cultivation practice in the region at the micro level. We explore scenarios like drastic population increase and availability of irrigation infrastructure in the area. Through the scenario analysis we explore how policies play a role in agriculture patterns and influence land use patterns.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A PHOTOGRAMMETRIC PROCEDURE FOR THE ADJUSTMENT OF THE OLD RASTER CADASTRAL PLANS
Authors: Si youcef K. , Boukerch I. , Belhouari F. Z. , Seddiki A. M. , Takarli B.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Algeria faces challenges of globalization. It classifies the establishment of the national general urban and rural territory cadastre as top priority. The National Cadastre Agency has implemented a policy aimed at improving the quality and accuracy of the resulting documentation, in order to widen the scope of the latter in the various fields.Since the launching of the first operations to establish the general cadastre of the national territory, the graphic cadastral documentation which was carried out based on aerial images (ortho-photographs or restitution plans) present mismatch either between the external borders or between the section plans that compose the communal (municipal) cadastral plane.This article describes one of the simultaneous plane adjustment techniques inspired by the aero triangulation used in photogrammetry. In a first step, we built the photogrammetric unit where we consider the cadastral planes as photogrammetric models. In a second step, the constructed units will be used to form a superstructure covering a very large area like in the photogrammetric block case. Finally, this superstructure is adjusted, where the discrepancies are reduces relatively between these section plans using Tie Points (TP) and absolutely by relying on an optimal number of Ground Control Points (GCP) in the terrain system suitably distributed on the block.This technique makes it possible to preserve the relationships between the data in a precise way and to guarantee the continuity in the acquisition of the data which can be added later. It also makes it possible to solve the problem of the overlap between the isolated section plans due to the non-optimal distribution, the insufficiency, or the absence of control points.The evaluation results obtained after the experiments report that the proposed adjustment technique is efficient to solve such a problem.
UPDATES OF ‘AW3D30’ ALOS GLOBAL DIGITAL SURFACE MODEL WITH OTHER OPEN ACCESS DATASETS
Authors: Takaku J. , Tadono T. , Doutsu M. , Ohgushi F. , Kai H.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. In 2016 we first completed the global data processing of digital surface models (DSMs) by using the whole archives of stereo imageries derived from the Panchromatic Remote sensing Instrument for Stereo Mapping (PRISM) onboard the Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS). The dataset was freely released to the public in 30 m grid spacing as the ‘ALOS World 3D - 30m (AW3D30)’, which was generated from its original version processed in 5 m or 2.5 m grid spacing. The dataset has been updated since then to improve the absolute/relative height accuracies with additional calibrations. However the most significant update that should be applied for improving the data usability is the filling of void areas, which correspond to approx. 10% of global coverage, mostly due to cloud covers. In this paper we introduce the updates of AW3D30 filling the voids with other open-access DSMs such as Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global DEM (ASTER GDEM), ArcticDEM, etc., through inter-comparisons among these datasets.
AUTOMATIC REGISTRATION OF VECTOR DATA WITH OPTICAL IMAGES
Authors: Tanguy Y. , Michel J. , Salgues G.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. This paper presents a method to perform automatic vector-to-image registration. The proposed method performs well on different kinds of optical satellite images from Very High Resolution (VHR, sub-meter resolution) to images in the 10/20 m resolution range. It allows to automatically register vector dataset such as urban maps (by using building layers). In contrast with existing methods, our method needs few prior-knowledge on the features to match and can therefore adapt to different landscapes.This paper demonstrates the method robustness in several use-cases and presents the implementation which will soon be available as open-source software.
EDUCATIONAL MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT ON MOBILE SPATIAL DATA COLLECTION USING OPEN SOURCE GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Anbaroğlu B. , Coşkun İ. B. , Brovelli M. A. , Obukhov T. , Coetzee S.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Mobile spatial data collection is one of the major tasks carried out under the United Nations (UN) to quantify targets of various Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Even though there are readily available proprietary solutions to ease mobile spatial data collection, there is often limited educational resources that rely on Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial (FOSS4G). The ongoing efforts of UN OSGeo Committee are to satisfy the requirements of UN operations in terms of identifying and developing open source geospatial software and services. The aim of this paper is to describe and discuss the educational material (tutorial) that is prepared to address the 2019 UN OSGeo Committee Educational Challenge entitled ‘Open geospatial data and software for UN SDG 16, Peace justice and open institution’. The educational material utilised various technologies, including QGIS, QField, PostgreSQL/PostGIS and NodeJS, by relying on a simple mobile spatial data collection scenario, which is collecting information about trees. The scenario serves as an analogy for many different UN operations that might fall under SDG 16, such as interviews with a victim or a vulnerable person or estimating to what extent decision-making is inclusive and responsive. The developed educational material addresses some of the practical requirements of mobile spatial data collection, including handling multiple users, offline data collection, attaching photos to recorded events, editing of spatial features in the field and displaying the collected data on the internet using Heroku. Even though the educational material intends to be self-explanatory, quantitative and qualitative measures are needed to evaluate its efficacy. Therefore, a group of geomatics engineering students were trained with the educational material and their feedbacks were collected through a satisfaction questionnaire as well as the completion time of the tutorial. The outcomes of this paper will be useful in terms of guiding researchers and practitioners who develop online educational material, especially in the geospatial domain.
MAPPING THE ACCESSIBILITY IN OPENSTREETMAP: A COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES
Authors: Biagi L. , Brovelli M. A. , Stucchi L.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Architectural barriers are physical elements that limit the freedom of movement and use of services of a person. The lack of accessibility is one of the physical barriers that most limit people with motor disabilities, as recognised by the World Health Organization. The work aims to identify the optimal methodology to map accessible ways and critical barriers, in order to produce cartographic support for people with motor disabilities. It should also be a tool that allows citizens to report barriers to public authority. The work is part of the ViaLibera?! project, which aims to apply the methodology in the Municipality 9 of the city of Milan. The project is founded by Fondazione di Comunit`a Milano; Politecnico di Milano is the scientific partner, while the other partners are associations that represent people with disabilities: Spazio Vita Niguarda Onlus, Ledha Milano and AUS Niguarda Onlus. The mapping elements of interest for the project were identified in collaboration with the other partners, also studying the state of the art. In the framework of Open Street Map, a comparison between different existing mapping techniques was done to select the optimal compromise between rigour and simplicity. In addition, the different techniques must be suitable for the chosen tagging scheme to map accessibility elements. The techniques analysed involve the use of paper maps, Field Papers, and street-level images or applications for smartphones. They are compared to identify the best one.
VGI VISUALISATION TO SUPPORT PARTICIPATORY LAKE MONITORING: THE CASE STUDY OF SIMILE PROJECT
Authors: Biraghi C. A. , Pessina E. , Carrion D. , Brovelli M. A.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. This study focuses on the role of VGI visualization in encouraging participation to environmental Citizen Science, taking as a case study the mobile application developed within SIMILE (Informative System for the Integrated Monitoring of Insubric Lakes and their Ecosystems) project activities. The main project goal is the protection of water quality for Lugano, Maggiore and Como lakes through a geoinformatics coordination of existing monitoring systems with new data collection methods (satellite images, high frequency sensors and citizen science). This tool enables the producers to perform a community-based monitoring side by side with local authorities and research bodies improving the efficiency of the current protocols.Referring to ontologies of geospatial data, the VGI samples are analysed under different aspects as their quality, quantity, variety, granularity, spatial and temporal distribution, highlighting their temporary, moving and changing nature. This analysis shows the presence of potential contradictions existing between the application use and the perceived lake water quality, to be mitigated mainly working on the user interface of the map view. So, a study of existing conventions, especially in terms of colours, is compared with the results coming from the application of consolidated survey methodologies to this specific context. Reflections on markers, symbols and attributes of features and maps are presented introducing geovisual analytical solutions for dynamic phenomena. The design solutions adopted are finally presented and validated with a combination of different usability evaluation methods like heuristics and field tests.
CROWDSOURCING WATER QUALITY WITH THE SIMILE APP
Authors: Carrion D. , Pessina E. , Biraghi C. A. , Bratic G.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. This paper aims at presenting the application for lake water quality monitoring which has been developed in the framework of SIMILE (Informative System for the Integrated Monitoring of Insubric Lakes and their Ecosystems) Interreg Italy-Switzerland project. The objective of SIMILE project is to facilitate the monitoring of the Maggiore, Como, and Lugano lakes through the integration of different techniques: in situ monitoring with buoys, remote sensing and citizen science. A mobile application has been designed in agreement with the project partners, who are also actors working for lake quality monitoring, such as CNR (Italian National Research Council) and ARPA (Agency for prevention and environmental protection). The developed application allows to collect data over the area of interest, such as pictures and parameters which can be acquired by visual inspection as well as with appropriate tools, depending on the user typology. The application has then been implemented with open source software to foster its use also for other projects with similar goals. In the paper, the design choices, the architecture and the implementation details are described.
INTEGRATION OF AUTHORITATIVE AND VOLUNTEERED GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION FOR UPDATING URBAN MAPPING: CHALLENGES AND POTENTIALS
Authors: Fernandes V. O. , Elias E. N. , Zipf A.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. This paper provides a bibliometric review between integration of authoritative and volunteered geographic information for the purpose of cartographic updating of urban mappings. The adopted methodology was through a bibliometric survey of the literature published by Web of Science and Science Direct. The period was evaluated from 2005 to 2020 and the keywords used were: integration of authoritative data, volunteered geographic information, VGI, large scale topographic mapping, Authoritative urban mapping. The number of publications found was small for the topic that deals with this integration, totalizing 14 articles at Web of Science and 23 at Science Direct. 38% of them were published in the International Journal of Geo Information (ISPRS), 16% in the International Journal of Geographical Information Science. 5% were published in the Cartography and Geographic Information Science and the Computer Geosciences respectively. The other 36% is shown in several other journals, approximately 3% each. Regarding the origin of publications, 25% are in Germany (University of Heidelberg), 14% in the UK (New Castle University), 13% in China (Wuhan University), 11% in Canada (Calgary University), and other countries show percentages between 3% and 5%. Among the research, areas are physical geography, remote sensing, computer science, information science, engineering, and public administration. Among themes addressed in the articles, potentials can be pointed out as existence of models which institutions can implement management of information received collaboratively, existence of several methodologies for quality control of this information so that they can be integrated into authoritative data that are called as data conflation. Methodologies for handling big data and semantic interoperability, as well as automation of processes. This data potential is not only on platforms such as OpenStreetMap, but also on data collected through scraping from social networks such as twitter, sites, and others. Among the challenges, there are still somethings to investigate regarding consideration of temporal, historic, political, and economic aspects, as well as the consideration of legal aspects. The integration of this volunteered geographic information is necessary, mainly in cities with economic and cultural difficulties to maintain their mapping up to date, as well as the difficulty of accessing information that allows access to authoritative data.
AN OPEN IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR GREEN TOURISM MANAGEMENT AND PROMOTION: THE INSUBRI.PARKS PROJECT
Authors: Oxoli D. , Terza V. , Cannata M. , Brovelli M. A.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The design and implementation of modern tourism management systems have to interface with the growing technological attitude of users which nowadays mostly approach the selection of the desired destinations through the web. In view of the above, the local tourism actors have to fully embrace the digital transformation by integrating Information Technologies into their operational routines. With this in mind, it is here presented the development of a technological infrastructure to provide with new digital assets to the natural parks of the Insubria, cross-border region stretching between Northern Italy and Southern Switzerland. This work is carried out within the INSUBRI.PARKS project, funded by the Interreg program of the European Union. The final goal of the project is to increase tourism attractiveness of the Insubria region through the provision of new infrastructure, the design of new tourism experiences, and the deployment of Information Technology tools to support the cross-border tourism management and marketing. The tools development is described in detail and the application prototypes are presented. The work leverages exclusively Free and Open Source Software that provides the infrastructure with large rooms of improvements and customization while reducing both development and maintenance costs. Future directions for the work are outlined by considering the amelioration of the presented tools, the development of additional components, and the practical applications of the infrastructure functionalities from the perspective of both park managers and visitors.
FUZZY POSITIONING MODELING OF NATURAL LANGUAGE LOCATION DESCRIPTION
Authors: Fan H. , Yang M. , Wang Y. , Zeng J.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The development of cognitive technology and natural language understanding has made the interaction between humans and machines more mature. Natural language interactive location services through language or text are more in line with human cognitive habits, and it is the future development direction of location service techniques. Different from accurate GPS location, the uncertainty of human cognition causes the natural language position description is of uncertainty. How to take the uncertainty of position description into account to model it, and further establish a positioning computing framework that supports the expression of uncertainty, is a difficult problem in this field. At present, quantitative spatial relationship models can be well applied to navigation and positioning. However, these models cannot be directly transferred to deal with qualitative spatial relationships, such as positioning based on natural language descriptions. An effective solution is to establish a method to transform the qualitative natural language positioning into a quantitative one. To build this transformation, we proposed a fuzzy positioning model based on fussy mathematics theory and methods. The proposed model was validated using indoor and outdoor positioning experiments. The experiments showed that it could achieve a high positioning accuracy both indoor and outdoor.
AN APPROACH FOR STANDARDIZATION OF SEMANTIC MODELS FOR BUILDING RENOVATION PROCESSES
Authors: Mirarchi C. , Lucky M. N. , Ciuffreda S. , Signorini M. , Lupica Spagnolo S. , Bolognesi C. , Daniotti B. , Pavan A.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The design and maintenance of buildings and infrastructures relies on digital tools such as Computer-Aided Design (CAD), Building Information Modelling (BIM) methods, Geographic Information System (GIS) datasets and other kinds of digital representation of knowledge. The innovations in digital technologies in Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Operations (AECO) sector are not just related to the enhancement of consolidated processes, but they open new collaboration methods and integration with other Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) such as Internet of Things (IoT), additive manufacturing, automation, augmented reality and artificial intelligence. As domain-specific software solutions are expanding their features over different sources and datasets, the need for integration and standardization of information storage and exchange arises. Semantic Web technologies are one of the emerging solutions for solving such issues, as they offer the possibility to combine data from diverse data models and multiple domains using the web. Among the ontologies developed in the last decade for the construction sector, one specific reference should be made on the ifcOWL, an IFC-based ontology representing the most used data schema industry. Nonetheless, from the standardization point of view, so far ontologies have not been considered among the standard methods for information exchange in the AEC, unlike in other sectors (e.g. ISO 15926 was firstly developed for the integration of life cycle data for process plants of oil and gas facilities). This paper aims at showing a standardization and harmonization perspective for ontologies in the AECO industry, starting from the results achieved in the BIM4EEB project.
Assessing Chinese flood protection and its social divergence
Authors: Wang Dan , Scussolini Paolo , Du Shiqiang
Published: August 2020

Abstract. China is one of the most flood-prone countries, and development within floodplains is intensive. However, flood protection levels (FPL) across the country are unknown, hampering the present assertive efforts on flood risk management. Based on the flood-protection prescriptions contained in the national flood policies, this paper develops a FPL dataset of China and investigates how China should be protected accordingly and the divergent protections between demographic groups. The dataset agrees with local flood protection plans in 34 of archived 51 counties, validating the policy-based FPLs as a reliable proxy for actual FPLs. The FPLs are much higher than that in the previous global dataset, suggesting Chinese flood risk may have been overestimated. High FPLs (≥ 50-year return period) are seen in 282 or only 12.6 % of the evaluated counties, but with a majority (55.1 %) of the total exposed population. However, the low-FPL counties (