bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Presence of vascular loops entering internal acoustic channel may increase risk of Sudden sensorineural hearing loss and reduce recovery of these patients
Authors: Ezerarslan Hande , Sanhal Ebru Ozan , Kurukahvecioğlu Selma , Ataç Gökçe Kaan , Kocatürk Sinan
Published: June 2016

Objectives/Hypothesis

To analyze whether there is correlation between branching patterns of anterior inferior cerebellar artery/posterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA/PICA) in cerebellopontine angle (CPA) area, as demonstrated by three‐dimensional fast imaging employing steady‐state acquisition (3D FIESTA) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 1) idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) outcomes and 2) recovery of ISSNHL.

Study Design

We evaluated patients with idiopathic SSNHL for branching patterns of AICA/PICA in CPA area, as demonstrated by 3D FIESTA MRI.

Methods

Sixty‐eight patients with SSNHL (32 [47.1%] women; mean age 45.3 ± 14.6 [minimum–maximum: 18–77]) and 38 healthy volunteers [17 (44.7%) women; mean age 48.6 ± 14.0 (minimum–maximum: 26–81)] were included in this study. We evaluated patients for branching patterns and classified as type IA, IB, IIA, and IIB. Branching patterns were evaluated at the diseased side of the patients and both sides of the control group. Pretreatment and posttreatment audiological values were also studied.

Results

AICA/PICA branching patterns in control group versus study group in the affected side were: 26 (34.2%) versus 12 (17.6%) subjects had type IA; seven (9.2%) versus nine (13.2%) subjects had type IB; 31 (40.8%) versus 23 (33.8%) subjects had type IIA; and 12 (15.8) versus 24 (35.3%) subjects had type IIB branching patterns, respectively. Presence of vascular loops entering internal acoustic channel (type IIB branching pattern) was more prominent in the study group (P = 0.017). In addition, type IIB branching pattern was significantly associated with unresponsiveness to treatment (18 [75%] of 24 patients with type IIB were unresponsive and 14 [47.0%] of 30 patients with nontype IIB were unresponsive, P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Type IIB branching pattern has been shown to be more common in patients with ISSNHL, and these patients come across with unresponsiveness to standard therapy more than the other branching types.

Level of Evidence

3b. Laryngoscope, 127:210–215, 2017
Improving Blood Compatibility of Polyethersulfone Hollow Fiber Membranes via Blending with Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone
Authors: Salimi Esmaeil , Ghaee Azadeh , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi
Published: June 2016

Appropriate membrane for blood contacting applications requires hemocompatibility and high permeation flux; it should inhibit proteins or platelets adsorption and still possess high permeability. Aiming to improve the polyethersulfone (PES) hollow fiber membrane hemocompatibility, sulfonated polyether ether ketone (SPEEK) is self‐synthesized in the present research and added to PES in different ratios. Scanning electron microscopy images have revealed significant changes in PES membranes structure after addition of SPEEK, which can influence water permeation property of the membranes. Water contact angles of the membranes have reduced from 75° to 50° after addition of 4 wt% SPEEK. Influence of SPEEK addition on hemocompatibility of the PES membranes is evaluated via protein (bovine serum albumin) adsorption, platelet attachment, and coagulation time (APTT and TT) assays. Obtained results reveal that hemocompatibility of the modified hollow fiber membranes is enhanced as a result of emerging repulsive forces between negative charges on the membranes surface and negatively charge blood components.

image
New Synthesis of Gold‐ and Silver‐Based Nano‐Tetracycline Composites
Authors: Djafari Jamila , Marinho Catarina , Santos Tiago , Igrejas Gilberto , Torres Carmen , Capelo José Luis , Poeta Patricia , Lodeiro Carlos , Fernández‐Lodeiro Javier
Published: June 2016

Invited for this month's cover are collaborators from the University NOVA of Lisbon/FCT, The University of Trás‐os‐Montes e Alto Douro (both in Portugal), and the University of La Rioja (Spain). The cover picture is devoted to the nano‐tetracycline composites based on gold and silver nanoparticles that are able to detect aluminium (III) in water and can be used as antibacterial delivery tools. For more details, read the full text of the article at 10.1002/open.201600016.
Using Mechanical Turk for research on cancer survivors
Authors: Arch Joanna J. , Carr Alaina L.
Published: June 2016

Objective

The successful recruitment and study of cancer survivors within psycho‐oncology research can be challenging, time‐consuming, and expensive, particularly for key subgroups such as young adult cancer survivors. Online crowdsourcing platforms offer a potential solution that has not yet been investigated with regard to cancer populations. The current study assessed the presence of cancer survivors on Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk) and the feasibility of using MTurk as an efficient, cost‐effective, and reliable psycho‐oncology recruitment and research platform.

Methods

During a <4‐month period, cancer survivors living in the United States were recruited on MTurk to complete two assessments, spaced 1 week apart, relating to psychosocial and cancer‐related functioning. The reliability and validity of responses were investigated.

Results

Within a <4‐month period, 464 self‐identified cancer survivors on MTurk consented to and completed an online assessment. The vast majority (79.09%) provided reliable and valid study data according to multiple indices. The sample was highly diverse in terms of U.S. geography, socioeconomic status, and cancer type, and reflected a particularly strong presence of distressed and young adult cancer survivors (median age = 36 years). A majority of participants (58.19%) responded to a second survey sent one week later.

Conclusions

Online crowdsourcing represents a feasible, efficient, and cost‐effective recruitment and research platform for cancer survivors, particularly for young adult cancer survivors and those with significant distress. We discuss remaining challenges and future recommendations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Peptide nanotube aligning side chains onto one side
Authors: Tabata Yuki , Mitani Shota , Kimura Shunsaku
Published: June 2016

A novel pseudo cyclic penta‐β‐peptide composed of a β‐naphthylalanine, two β‐alanines, and a sequence of ethylenediamine‐succinic acid (CP5ES) is synthesized and investigated on peptide nanotube (PNT) formation. When the PNT is formed with the maximum number of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the cyclic peptides, the sequence enables the alignment of the side chains, naphthyl groups, on one side of the PNT. Microscopic and spectroscopic observations of CP5ES crystals reveal that CP5ES forms rod‐ or needle‐shaped molecular assemblies showing exciton coupling of the Cotton effect and predominant monomer emission, which are different from a reference cyclic tri‐β‐peptide composed of a β‐naphthylalanine and two β‐alanines. Insertion of a sequence of ethylenediamine‐succinic acid into β‐amino acids in the cyclic skeleton is therefore suggested to be effective to make the side chains aligning on one side of the PNT. Copyright © 2016 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Realizing Product‐Packaging Combinations in Circular Systems: Shaping the Research Agenda
Authors: de Koeijer Bjorn , Wever Renee , Henseler Jörg
Published: June 2016

Recent years have shown a shift in the focus of sustainable development from eco‐efficiency (minimizing negative impacts) towards eco‐effectiveness (optimizing positive impacts). Currently, a focus on circular models can be identified; Cradle to Cradle and circular economy are main examples of such models. However, the current number and variety of models and tools focusing on circular systems are limited with regard to packaging development.

This paper explores packaging development models and tools in relation to circular systems, in order to identify the current status of the circularity focus. A range of identified models and tools is structured into two categories (generative and evaluative tools) which cover three types (protocols, diagrams and evaluations). This is in line with the distinction between early and later phases of development and the cumulative nature of environmental lock‐in. Protocol‐type models and tools come in different forms, such as principles, guidelines and checklists (e.g. Cradle to Cradle and DfE). Aside from these, eight diagram‐type models are analysed, focusing on packaging development, sustainable development and sustainable packaging development. In contrast to generative design tools, evaluation‐type models and tools (e.g. LCA) are most useful in the later stages of development processes.

Resulting from the analysis of the models and tools, three types of integration – integrated product‐packaging development, the cross‐functional integration of actors and the front‐end integration of sustainability considerations – are appropriate for the development of product‐packaging combinations for circular systems. This leads to an agenda which shapes research directions towards achieving this development. © 2016 The Authors Packaging Technology and Science Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Relationships between Depression and Stress Factors in Housework and Paid Work among Japanese Women
Authors: Hoshino Aiko , Amano Shigeaki , Suzuki Kunifumi , Suwa Mami
Published: June 2016

Objective/Background

The prevalence of depression in women is two times as much as that in men. However, the rehabilitation programme for return to work for patients with depression in Japan mainly focuses on male individuals. Japanese working women usually have the central role in housework in addition to paid work. Therefore, we hypothesized that Japanese working women with depression need a support programme for housework as well as paid work. The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress factors relevant to the existence of depression, in both paid work and housework, among working women.

Methods

This study recruited 35 women with depression and 35 women without depression. We carried out a cross-sectional investigation with two questionnaires having the same structure: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Generic Job Stress Questionnaire (for paid work) and the NIOSH Generic Housekeeping Labor Stress Questionnaire (for housework). We extracted the stress factors contributing to the existence of depression using logistic regression.

Results

Three stress factors were found–-two in housework, and one in paid work. In housework, variance in workload and underutilization of abilities were associated with the presence of depression. In paid work, interpersonal conflict was an associated factor.

Conclusion

Rehabilitation programmes involving variance in workload and under self-evaluation in housework, and interpersonal conflict in paid work must be adequately addressed to support working women with depression.
Population viewpoint on Hawkes processes
Authors: Boumezoued Alexandre
Published: June 2016

In this paper we focus on a class of linear Hawkes processes with general immigrants. These are counting processes with shot-noise intensity, including self-excited and externally excited patterns. For such processes, we introduce the concept of the age pyramid which evolves according to immigration and births. The virtue of this approach that combines an intensity process definition and a branching representation is that the population age pyramid keeps track of all past events. This is used to compute new distribution properties for a class of Hawkes processes with general immigrants which generalize the popular exponential fertility function. The pathwise construction of the Hawkes process and its underlying population is also given.
IMAGING ALL THE PEOPLE
Authors: Leitgeb Hannes
Published: June 2016

It is well known that aggregating the degree-of-belief functions of different subjects by linear pooling or averaging is subject to a commutativity dilemma: other than in trivial cases, conditionalizing the individual degree-of-belief functions on a piece of evidence E followed by linearly aggregating them does not yield the same result as first aggregating them linearly and then conditionalizing the resulting social degree-of-belief function on E. In the present paper we suggest a novel way out of this dilemma: adapting the method of update or learning such that linear pooling commutes with it. As it turns out, the resulting update scheme – (general) imaging on the evidence – is well-known from areas such as the study of conditionals and causal decision theory, and a formal result from which the required commutativity property is derivable was supplied already by Gärdenfors (1982) in a different context. We end up determining under which conditions imaging would seem to be right method of update, and under which conditions, therefore, group update would not be affected by the commutativity dilemma.
Dissolution and growth of a multicomponent drop in an immiscible liquid
Authors: Chu Shigan , Prosperetti Andrea
Published: June 2016

The mass flux at the surface of a drop in an immiscible host liquid is dictated by the composition of the drop surface. In a binary system, this composition is essentially constant in time and equals the solubility of the drop constituent in the host liquid. This situation has been treated in a classic study by Epstein and Plesset (J. Chem. Phys., vol. 18, 1950, pp. 1505–1509). The situation is very different for ternary and higher-order systems in which, due to the mutual interaction of the drop constituents, their concentration at the drop surface markedly differs from the respective solubilities and depends on time. This paper presents a thermodynamically consistent analysis of this situation, for both growing and dissolving drops, with and without an initial concentration of the drop constituents in the host liquid. In some cases the results, which have important implications e.g. for solvent extraction processes in the chemical and environmental remediation industries, show major deviations from the predictions of approximations in current use, including simple extensions of the Epstein–Plesset theory.
Perceived Organisational Support: A Cross-National Comparative Study Between Ghanaian and Finnish Industrial Workers–RETRACTION
Authors: Gyekye Seth Ayim , Haybatollahi Mohammad
Published: June 2016

Australian Journal of Organisational Psychology wishes to inform its readers that this paper has been retracted due to the misrepresentation of research data and non-compliance with accepted procedures in relation to publication of research by the first author, Seth Ayim Gyekye.
ON THE FREQUENT UNIVERSALITY OF UNIVERSAL TAYLOR SERIES IN THE COMPLEX PLANE
Authors: MOUZE A. , MUNNIER V.
Published: June 2016

We prove that the classical universal Taylor series in the complex plane are never frequently universal. On the other hand, we prove the 1-upper frequent universality of all these universal Taylor series.
ABELIAN AND METABELIAN QUOTIENT GROUPS OF SURFACE BRAID GROUPS
Authors: BELLINGERI PAOLO , GODELLE EDDY , GUASCHI JOHN
Published: June 2016

In this paper, we study Abelian and metabelian quotients of braid groups of oriented surfaces with boundary components. We provide group presentations and we prove rigidity results for these quotients arising from exact sequences related to (generalised) Fadell–Neuwirth fibrations.
ON THE HOMOGENIZED ENVELOPING ALGEBRA OF THE LIE ALGEBRA Sℓ(2,ℂ) II
Authors: MARTÍNEZ-VILLA ROBERTO
Published: June 2016

In a previous paper, we studied the homogenized enveloping algebra of the Lie algebrasℓ(2,ℂ) and the homogenized Verma modules. The aim of this paper is to study the homogenization$\mathcal{O}$Bof the Bernstein–Gelfand–Gelfand category$\mathcal{O}$of sℓ(2,ℂ), and to apply the ideas developed jointly with J. Mondragón in our work on Groebner basis algebras, to give the relations between the categories$\mathcal{O}$Band$\mathcal{O}$as well as, between the derived categories$\mathcal{D}$b($\mathcal{O}$B) and$\mathcal{D}$b($\mathcal{O}$).
EQUIVALENCE OF MODELS FOR EQUIVARIANT (∞, 1)-CATEGORIES
Authors: BERGNER JULIA E.
Published: June 2016

In this paper, we show that the known models for (∞, 1)-categories can all be extended to equivariant versions for any discrete groupG. We show that in two of the models we can also consider actions of any simplicial groupG.
ON GORENSTEINNESS OF HOPF MODULE ALGEBRAS
Authors: SKRYABIN SERGE
Published: June 2016

Let H be a Hopf algebra with a bijective antipode, A an H-simple H-module algebra finitely generated as an algebra over the ground field and module-finite over its centre. The main result states that A has finite injective dimension and is, moreover, Artin–Schelter Gorenstein under the additional assumption that each H-orbit in the space of maximal ideals of A is dense with respect to the Zariski topology. Further conclusions are derived in the cases when the maximal spectrum of A is a single H-orbit or contains an open dense H-orbit.
HOMOTOPY THEORY OF MODULES AND ADAMS COCOMPLETION
Authors: CHOUDHURY SNIGDHA BHARATI , BEHERA A.
Published: June 2016

In this note, we have obtained a Whitehead-like tower of a module by considering a suitable set of morphisms and shown that the different stages of the tower are the Adams cocompletions of the module with respect to the suitably chosen set of morphisms.
Monsignor Ivan Illich's Critique of the Institutional Church, 1960–1966
Authors: BRUNO-JOFRÉ ROSA , ZALDÍVAR JON IGELMO
Published: June 2016

This paper examines the process of radicalisation of Monsignor Ivan Illich during the 1960s, having as its setting Cuernavaca, Mexico – a creative, fluid space where Illich was in contact with Bishop Méndez Arceo, Erich Fromm and Gregorio Lemercier. Illich's writings and the reports from the centres led by him are placed here in context, and it is argued that his encounter with psychoanalysis in Cuernavaca shaped his critique of the Church as an institution. The radicalisation of his concept of the Church reached a high point with the publication of ‘The seamy side of charity’ and ‘The vanishing clergyman’, both in 1967.
Systematic Tail Risk
Authors: van Oordt Maarten R. C. , Zhou Chen
Published: June 2016

We test for the presence of a systematic tail risk premium in the cross section of expected returns by applying a measure of the sensitivity of assets to extreme market downturns, the tail beta. Empirically, historical tail betas help predict the future performance of stocks in extreme market downturns. During a market crash, stocks with historically high tail betas suffer losses that are approximately 2 to 3 times larger than their low-tail-beta counterparts. However, we find no evidence of a premium associated with tail betas. The theoretically additive and empirically persistent tail betas can help assess portfolio tail risks.
Does Information-Processing Cost Affect Firm-Specific Information Acquisition? Evidence from XBRL Adoption
Authors: Dong Yi , Li Oliver Zhen , Lin Yupeng , Ni Chenkai
Published: June 2016

We examine how information-processing cost affects investors’ acquisition of firm-specific information using a natural experiment resulting from a recent mandate requiring U.S. firms to adopt eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) when submitting filings to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). XBRL filings make financial data standardized, tagged, and machine readable. We find that XBRL adoption reduces firms’ stock return synchronicity. The reduction in synchronicity mainly applies to filings under the mandatory program as opposed to the voluntary program. Furthermore, such an effect is more pronounced for opaque and complex firms. Finally, we find that XBRL adoption also reduces price delay.
Making Waves: To Innovate or Be a Fast Second?
Authors: Yung Chris
Published: June 2016

Internal finance leads to a stalemate in innovation games; each firm wants to free-ride on the others’ costly experimentation. When instead innovation is financed externally (e.g., with venture capital or initial public offerings), there is an endogenous cost to delay. Waiting to make risky irreversible investment conveys pessimistic information. I characterize the relative sizes of waves of leaders and followers in innovation cycles, and the endogenous, intertemporal distribution of quality as each wave builds and crashes. Finally, old waves leave an adverse selection “hangover,” such that too much early innovation can cause the market for future innovation to break down.
Time-Varying Margin Requirements and Optimal Portfolio Choice
Authors: Rytchkov Oleg
Published: June 2016

This paper studies the optimal consumption and portfolio problem of an investor with recursive preferences who is subject to time-varying margin requirements. The level of the requirements at each moment is determined by contemporaneous volatility of returns, which is stochastic and may have jumps. I show that the nonstandard hedging demand produced by margin requirements increases with their persistence and volatility. However, for realistic values of parameters, the hedging demand is small even in the presence of jumps, and contemporaneous jumps in prices have a much stronger effect on optimal portfolio than jumps in constraints.
The hook-length formula and generalised Catalan numbers
Authors: Griffiths Martin , Lord Nick
Published: June 2016

In [1] there is a rather nice story regarding the coming into being of the hook-length formula. The year was 1953, and the Canadian mathematician Gilbert Robinson was visiting a fellow mathematician, James Frame, at Michigan State University. One of their discussions concerned the work of Ralph Staal [2], an ex-student of Robinson, and this led to Frame conjecturing the formula. Apparently, Robinson was not at all convinced initially that the formula could be as simple as the one Frame was proposing. He was, however, eventually won over, and the combined efforts of these two mathematicians soon elicited a proof.
Significant points on circles centre the circumcentre
Authors: Bradley Christopher J
Published: June 2016

In Figure 1, triangle ABC has circumcentre O and X, Y, Z are the midpoints of the sides BC, CA, AB respectively. P is a point in the plane of ABC not lying on any of its sides. Σ is the circumcircle and S is the circle centre O passing through P.

Points on S are defined as follows. Points U, V, W are the points of intersection of AP, BP, CP with S. Points L, M, N are the reflections of P in the lines XO, YO, ZO respectively.
Packing squares into rectangles
Authors: Ellard Richard , MacHale Des
Published: June 2016

In this paper, we collect some results on a problem which has been considered by many authors over the years, including Ed Pegg Jr., R. M. Kurchan, William Rex Marshall, David Neary, Richard Korf and Eric Huang. The results have been rediscovered many times by many people, including the present authors, but very little has been published, except in a little known journal which no longer appears. Some of the cases have been solved by hand while others have been covered by Korf [1, 2], using a computer. We see our main role as that of collectors of information and presenters of results, in the hope that others will be inspired to study what is an exciting and very interesting area of combinatoric geometry; we believe, however, that some of our observations, variations and upper bounds are new.
Properties of inscribed and circumscribed rectangles
Authors: Grattan-Guinness I.
Published: June 2016

The proportion angle of a non-square rectangle R, written ‘Pa (R)’, is defined to be the angle r < between a diagonal and the longer attached side. Circumscribe around R any other rectangle M that carries the corners of R on its sides, and let its proportion angle be m, which is also < . Then the theorem states that r < m.
Closed forms for convolutions of Catalan numbers
Authors: Gauthier N.
Published: June 2016

In Catalan numbers with applications [1], Thomas Koshy gives a clear and accessible account of some of the important characteristics of Catalan numbers. The author also discusses the significance of these numbers for mathematicians, scientists, engineers and amateur enthusiasts alike. The general contents of his book are reviewed in [2]. Catalan numbers, which are named after the mathematician Eugene Catalan (1814-1894), have very interesting and sometimes surprising properties.

Catalan numbers occur in combinatorial mathematics, in particular, where they show up as a natural number sequence that arises in counting problems that usually involve recursively-defined objects.
Digging for roots using the Pascal spade
Authors: Shirali Shailesh A.
Published: June 2016

Here is a result which will surely make one sit up. We start with a sequence t1 = (1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 4, 8, 8, 16, 16, … ) in which each power of 2 occurs twice in succession, and produce a second sequence whose n th term is the sum of the n th and (n + 1) th terms of the original one; we get the sequence t2 = (2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 32, … ). We repeat the same operation on the resulting sequence, and continue this, iteratively. Here are the sequences t3, t4, t5:

t3 = (5, 7, 10, 14, 20, 28, 40, 56, 80, 1l2, 160, 224, 320, 448,…),

t4 = (12, 17, 24, 34, 48, 68, 96, 136, 192, 272, 384, 544, 768,…),

t5 = (29,41, 58, 82, 116, 164,232, 328, 464, 656, 928, 1312,…).

If we compute the ratio of the second term to the first term for each ti, we get the following sequence of rational numbers,

which converges to the square root of 2. (These fractions turn out to be successive convergents to the simple continued fraction for √2; see Section IV for details.)
‘Toss Up’ Strategies
Authors: Johnson Roger W.
Published: June 2016

The game ‘toss up’, manufactured by Patch Products (http://www.patchproducts.com/). is played with ten fair, six-sided dice whose sides are coloured green, yellow and red. In particular, each die has 3 green sides, 2 yellow sides and I red side. Ordinary fair six-sided dice may be used instead, of course, provided three sides are identified as ‘green’ (e.g. 1, 2, 3), two sides are identified as ‘yellow’ (e.g. 4,5) and one side is identified as ‘red’ (e.g. 6). Players take turns with each turn consisting of (potentially) several rolls of dice. All the dice are used on the first roll of a turn. Players accumulate points as they play and the first player to reach 100 points wins.
How best should we vote?
Authors: Crilly Tony
Published: June 2016

Traditionally ‘Applied Mathematics’ meant mathematics applied to mechanics, physics and the hard sciences, leaving the application of mathematics to social sciences fairly neglected. This is both a challenge and an opportunity.

An instance of this is in the science of voting.

Let's go down to Chuddlehampton-upon-Severn to see how mathematics can be applied in a ‘real-life situation’. The good folk of this small village have to elect their local councillor, the person to represent them at the Regional Council. “Go and elect someone” was the only instruction they were given. So how were they to go about it?
X-ray diffraction data of 4-phenyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-one and its synthetic precursor N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]cinnamamide
Authors: Mendoza Jose H. Quintana , Henao J. A. , Flórez Carlos E. Rondón , Galvis Carlos E. Puerto , Kouznetsov Vladimir V.
Published: June 2016

The title compound, the 4-phenyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-one (4) with chemical formula: (C16H12F3NO), was synthesized from N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]cinnamamide (3), chemical formula: (C16H12F3NO), through an intramolecular cyclization mediated by triflic acid. Preliminary molecular characterization of both compounds was performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H, 13C); crystallographic characterization was completed by X-ray diffraction of polycrystalline samples. The title compound 4 crystallized in a monoclinic system and unit-cell parameters are reported [a = 16.002 (3), b = 5.170 (1), c = 17.733 (3) Å, β = 111.11 (2)°, unit-cell volume V = 1368.5 (3) Å3, Z = 4] P21/c (No. 14) space group; the title compound 3 crystallized in a monoclinic system and unit-cell parameters are reported [a = 12.902 (2), b = 5.144 (1), c = 20.513 (5) Å, β = 91.67 (2)°, unit-cell volume V = 1360.7 (4) Å3, Z = 4] P21/c (No. 14) space group.
Genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium in the Argentine public maize inbred line collection
Authors: Olmos Sofía E. , Lia Verónica V. , Eyhérabide Guillermo H.
Published: June 2016

Knowledge of linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns is considered a prerequisite for effective association mapping studies. However, no LD analysis in the Argentine public temperate maize collection has been reported to date. In this study, a panel of 111 temperate maize inbreds genotyped at 74 single sequence repeats (SSRs) loci was used to assess LD, genetic diversity and population structure to evaluate the suitability of the panel for association mapping. Mini-core sets were also designed for in-depth phenotyping and allele mining purposes. The panel consisted of: (1) locally developed orange flint germplasm; (2) temperate inbred lines with Iowa Stiff Stalk Synthetic background; and (3) eight historic flint lines, some of them from the Cuarentín race. As a result, four subpopulations were defined. Joint analysis of population structure and combining ability allowed identifying two main heterotic patterns. High molecular diversity, a low extent of LD and a high ratio of linked to unlinked SSR loci pairs in significant LD were detected indicating the suitability of the entire collection for association mapping. The fact that the LD extent in the mini-core sets was similar to that observed in the entire collection and that only a small percentage of allelic richness was reduced suggests that these mini-core sets are suitable to capture diversity, exploit phenotypic variance and discover useful variants representative of the entire collection.
How to Avoid Stereotypes? Evaluation of a Strategy based on Self-Regulatory Processes
Authors: Aranda María , Montes-Berges Beatriz
Published: June 2016

Based on research on the motivational processes involved in preventing and controlling stereotypes, we aimed to assess whether temporary activation of egalitarian goals – by means of a task that gives respondents exposure to a text on gender inequality – can prevent stereotyped answers on the task. The task asks participants to place women and men into a hierarchical organizational structure. Two specific objectives were established: first, to control the effect of prejudice and egalitarian commitment on the dependent variable; and second, to study gender differences in task responses. The study included 474 college students, 153 men and 321 women. Their mean age was 20.04 (SD = 4.43). ANCOVA indicated main effects of condition, F(1) = 4.15, p = .042, η2 = .081 (control condition without goal activation vs. experimental condition with goal activation) and sex, F(1) = 40.46, p < .001, η2 = .081, on the dependent variable (female candidates placed in the chart). Specifically, responses from participants in the experimental condition avoided stereotyped answers more than participants in the control condition. Furthermore, women’s performance on the task was more egalitarian than men’s. Finally, there was a significant interaction effect of condition and type of organization, F(2) = 3.97, p = .019, η2 = .017; participants assigning candidates to the feminized organization differed the most across conditions.
Neuropsychological Factors and Rorschach Performance in	Children
Authors: Meyer Gregory J.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. This study uses an archival data set to correlate Rorschach scores with measures of cognitive functioning in youth, and extends the literature in three ways. First, although Wechsler-based scales of intellectual ability are criteria in the primary sample, correlates with specialized measures of neuropsychological functioning are provided in smaller subsamples, with a focus on tests of perceptual accuracy and perceptual synthesis. Second, absolute levels of cognitive ability are examined, rather than age-adjusted scores, in order to match with the non-age adjusted Rorschach scores. Third, the results expand the relevant research literature on Comprehensive System scores and provide novel data for scores in the Rorschach Performance Assessment System. Findings showed an expected pattern of correlations for Rorschach scores of organizational activity, synthesized responses, perceptual accuracy, conceptual complexity, and complex perceptual representations. The Rorschach scores most correlated with neuropsychological perceptual synthesis skills were those related to perceptual accuracy and those requiring complex perceptual representations, although Rorschach scores tended to be more strongly associated with verbal abilities than with perceptual organizational skills. These data provide further evidence for the validity of selected Rorschach scores and contribute to an understanding of the cognitive characteristics linked to various types of Rorschach responses.
Atom-economic catalytic amide synthesis from amines and carboxylic acids activated in situ with acetylenes
Authors: Krause Thilo , Baader Sabrina , Erb Benjamin , Gooßen Lukas J.
Published: June 2016

Amide bond-forming reactions are of tremendous significance in synthetic chemistry. Methodological research has, in the past, focused on efficiency and selectivity, and these have reached impressive levels. However, the unacceptable amounts of waste produced have led the ACS GCI Roundtable to label ‘amide bond formation avoiding poor atom economy’ as the most pressing target for sustainable synthetic method development. In response to this acute demand, we herein disclose an efficient one-pot amide coupling protocol that is based on simple alkynes as coupling reagents: in the presence of a dichloro[(2,6,10-dodecatriene)-1,12-diyl]ruthenium catalyst, carboxylate salts of primary or secondary amines react with acetylene or ethoxyacetylene to vinyl ester intermediates, which undergo aminolysis to give the corresponding amides along only with volatile acetaldehyde or ethyl acetate, respectively. The new amide synthesis is broadly applicable to the synthesis of structurally diverse amides, including dipeptides.
Imaging of room-temperature ferromagnetic nano-domains at the surface of a non-magnetic oxide
Authors: Taniuchi T. , Motoyui Y. , Morozumi K. , Rödel T. C. , Fortuna F. , Santander-Syro A. F. , Shin S.
Published: June 2016

Two-dimensional electron gases at oxide surfaces or interfaces show exotic ordered states of matter, like superconductivity, magnetism or spin-polarized states, and are a promising platform for alternative oxide-based electronics. Here we directly image a dense population of randomly distributed ferromagnetic domains of ∼40 nm typical sizes at room temperature at the oxygen-deficient surface of SrTiO3, a non-magnetic transparent insulator in the bulk. We use laser-based photoemission electron microscopy, an experimental technique that gives selective spin detection of the surface carriers, even in bulk insulators, with a high spatial resolution of 2.6 nm. We furthermore find that the Curie temperature in this system is as high as 900 K. These findings open perspectives for applications in nano-domain magnetism and spintronics using oxide-based devices, for instance through the nano-engineering of oxygen vacancies at surfaces or interfaces of transition-metal oxides.
Genetic dissection of mammalian ERAD through comparative haploid and CRISPR forward genetic screens
Authors: Timms Richard T. , Menzies Sam A. , Tchasovnikarova Iva A. , Christensen Lea C. , Williamson James C. , Antrobus Robin , Dougan Gordon , Ellgaard Lars , Lehner Paul J.
Published: June 2016

The application of forward genetic screens to cultured human cells represents a powerful method to study gene function. The repurposing of the bacterial CRISPR/Cas9 system provides an effective method to disrupt gene function in mammalian cells, and has been applied to genome-wide screens. Here, we compare the efficacy of genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9-mediated forward genetic screens versus gene-trap mutagenesis screens in haploid human cells, which represent the existing ‘gold standard’ method. This head-to-head comparison aimed to identify genes required for the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) of MHC class I molecules. The two approaches show high concordance (>70%), successfully identifying the majority of the known components of the canonical glycoprotein ERAD pathway. Both screens also identify a role for the uncharacterized gene TXNDC11, which we show encodes an EDEM2/3-associated disulphide reductase. Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9-mediated screens together with haploid genetic screens provide a powerful addition to the forward genetic toolbox.
Lasting mantle scars lead to perennial plate tectonics
Authors: Heron Philip J. , Pysklywec Russell N. , Stephenson Randell
Published: June 2016

Mid-ocean ridges, transform faults, subduction and continental collisions form the conventional theory of plate tectonics to explain non-rigid behaviour at plate boundaries. However, the theory does not explain directly the processes involved in intraplate deformation and seismicity. Recently, damage structures in the lithosphere have been linked to the origin of plate tectonics. Despite seismological imaging suggesting that inherited mantle lithosphere heterogeneities are ubiquitous, their plate tectonic role is rarely considered. Here we show that deep lithospheric anomalies can dominate shallow geological features in activating tectonics in plate interiors. In numerical experiments, we found that structures frozen into the mantle lithosphere through plate tectonic processes can behave as quasi-plate boundaries reactivated under far-field compressional forcing. Intraplate locations where proto-lithospheric plates have been scarred by earlier suturing could be regions where latent plate boundaries remain, and where plate tectonics processes are expressed as a ‘perennial’ phenomenon.
Massive subsurface ice formed by refreezing of ice-shelf melt ponds
Authors: Hubbard Bryn , Luckman Adrian , Ashmore David W. , Bevan Suzanne , Kulessa Bernd , Kuipers Munneke Peter , Philippe Morgane , Jansen Daniela , Booth Adam , Sevestre Heidi , Tison Jean-Louis , O’Leary Martin , Rutt Ian
Published: June 2016

Surface melt ponds form intermittently on several Antarctic ice shelves. Although implicated in ice-shelf break up, the consequences of such ponding for ice formation and ice-shelf structure have not been evaluated. Here we report the discovery of a massive subsurface ice layer, at least 16 km across, several kilometres long and tens of metres deep, located in an area of intense melting and intermittent ponding on Larsen C Ice Shelf, Antarctica. We combine borehole optical televiewer logging and radar measurements with remote sensing and firn modelling to investigate the layer, found to be ∼10 °C warmer and ∼170 kg m−3 denser than anticipated in the absence of ponding and hitherto used in models of ice-shelf fracture and flow. Surface ponding and ice layers such as the one we report are likely to form on a wider range of Antarctic ice shelves in response to climatic warming in forthcoming decades.
Identification of circulating microRNAs during the liver neoplastic process in a murine model of hereditary tyrosinemia type 1
Authors: Angileri Francesca , Morrow Geneviève , Scoazec Jean-Yves , Gadot Nicolas , Roy Vincent , Huang Suli , Wu Tangchun , Tanguay Robert M.
Published: June 2016

Hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 (HT1) is a severe inborn error of metabolism, impacting the tyrosine catabolic pathway with a high incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Using a HT1 murine model, we investigated the changes in profiles of circulating and hepatic miRNAs. The aim was to determine if plasma miRNAs could be used as non-invasive markers of liver damage in HT1 progression. Plasma and liver miRNAome was determined by deep sequencing after HT1 phenotype was induced. Sequencing analysis revealed deregulation of several miRNAs including let-7/miR-98 family, miR-21 and miR-148a, during manifestation of liver pathology. Three miRNAs (miR-98, miR-200b, miR-409) presenting the highest plasmatic variations among miRNAs found in both plasma and liver and with >1000 reads in at least one plasma sample, were further validated by RT-qPCR. Two of these miRNAs have protein targets involved in HT1 and significant changes in their circulating levels are detectable prior an increase in protein expression of alpha-fetoprotein, the current biomarker for HCC diagnosis. Future assessment of these miRNAs in HT1 patients and their association with liver neoplastic lesions might designate these molecules as potential biomarkers for monitoring HT1 damage progression, improving diagnosis for early HCC detection and the design of novel therapeutic targets.
Identification of Angiogenesis Rich-Viable Myocardium using RGD Dimer based SPECT after Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Lee Min Su , Park Hyun Soo , Lee Byung Chul , Jung Jae Ho , Yoo Jung Sun , Kim Sang Eun
Published: June 2016

Cardiac healing after myocardial ischemia is a complex biological process. Advances in understanding of wound healing response have paved the way for clinical testing of novel molecular imaging to improve clinical outcomes. A key factor for assessing myocardial viability after ischemic injury is the evaluation of angiogenesis accompanying increased expression of integrin αvβ3. Here, we describe the capability of an αvβ3 integrin-targeting SPECT agent, 99mTc-IDA-D-[c(RGDfK)]2, for identification of ischemic but viable myocardium, i.e., hibernating myocardium which is crucial to predict functional recovery after revascularization, the standard care of cardiovascular medicine. In vivo SPECT imaging of rat models with transient coronary occlusion showed significantly high uptake of 99mTc-IDA-D-[c(RGDfK)]2 in the ischemic region. Comparative measurements with 201Tl SPECT and 18F-FDG PET, then, proved that such prominent uptake of 99mTc-IDA-D-[c(RGDfK)]2 exactly matched the hallmark of hibernation, i.e., the perfusion-metabolism mismatch pattern. The uptake of 99mTc-IDA-D-[c(RGDfK)]2 was non-inferior to that of 18F-FDG, confirmed by time-course variation analysis. Immunohistochemical characterization revealed that an intense signal of 99mTc-IDA-D-[c(RGDfK)]2 corresponded to the vibrant angiogenic events with elevated expression of αvβ3 integrin. Together, these results establish that 99mTc-IDA-D-[c(RGDfK)]2 SPECT can serve as a sensitive clinical measure for myocardial salvage to identify the patients who might benefit most from revascularization.
Multimodal Imaging and Lighting Bias Correction for Improved μPAD-based Water Quality Monitoring via Smartphones
Authors: McCracken Katherine E. , Angus Scott V. , Reynolds Kelly A. , Yoon Jeong-Yeol
Published: June 2016

Smartphone image-based sensing of microfluidic paper analytical devices (μPADs) offers low-cost and mobile evaluation of water quality. However, consistent quantification is a challenge due to variable environmental, paper, and lighting conditions, especially across large multi-target μPADs. Compensations must be made for variations between images to achieve reproducible results without a separate lighting enclosure. We thus developed a simple method using triple-reference point normalization and a fast-Fourier transform (FFT)-based pre-processing scheme to quantify consistent reflected light intensity signals under variable lighting and channel conditions. This technique was evaluated using various light sources, lighting angles, imaging backgrounds, and imaging heights. Further testing evaluated its handle of absorbance, quenching, and relative scattering intensity measurements from assays detecting four water contaminants – Cr(VI), total chlorine, caffeine, and E. coli K12 – at similar wavelengths using the green channel of RGB images. Between assays, this algorithm reduced error from μPAD surface inconsistencies and cross-image lighting gradients. Although the algorithm could not completely remove the anomalies arising from point shadows within channels or some non-uniform background reflections, it still afforded order-of-magnitude quantification and stable assay specificity under these conditions, offering one route toward improving smartphone quantification of μPAD assays for in-field water quality monitoring.
Metal [100] Nanowires with Negative Poisson’s Ratio
Authors: Ho Duc Tam , Kwon Soon-Yong , Kim Sung Youb
Published: June 2016

When materials are under stretching, occurrence of lateral contraction of materials is commonly observed. This is because Poisson’s ratio, the quantity describes the relationship between a lateral strain and applied strain, is positive for nearly all materials. There are some reported structures and materials having negative Poisson’s ratio. However, most of them are at macroscale, and reentrant structures and rigid rotating units are the main mechanisms for their negative Poisson’s ratio behavior. Here, with numerical and theoretical evidence, we show that metal [100] nanowires with asymmetric cross-sections such as rectangle or ellipse can exhibit negative Poisson’s ratio behavior. Furthermore, the negative Poisson’s ratio behavior can be further improved by introducing a hole inside the asymmetric nanowires. We show that the surface effect inducing the asymmetric stresses inside the nanowires is a main origin of the superior property.
Structure of the host-recognition device of Staphylococcus aureus phage ϕ11
Authors: Koç Cengiz , Xia Guoqing , Kühner Petra , Spinelli Silvia , Roussel Alain , Cambillau Christian , Stehle Thilo
Published: June 2016

Phages play key roles in the pathogenicity and adaptation of the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. However, little is known about the molecular recognition events that mediate phage adsorption to the surface of S. aureus. The lysogenic siphophage ϕ11 infects S. aureus SA113. It was shown previously that ϕ11 requires α- or β-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) moieties on cell wall teichoic acid (WTA) for adsorption. Gp45 was identified as the receptor binding protein (RBP) involved in this process and GlcNAc residues on WTA were found to be the key component of the ϕ11 receptor. Here we report the crystal structure of the RBP of ϕ11, which assembles into a large, multidomain homotrimer. Each monomer contains a five-bladed propeller domain with a cavity that could accommodate a GlcNAc moiety. An electron microscopy reconstruction of the ϕ11 host adhesion component, the baseplate, reveals that six RBP trimers are assembled around the baseplate core. The Gp45 and baseplate structures provide insights into the overall organization and molecular recognition process of the phage ϕ11 tail. This assembly is conserved among most glycan-recognizing Siphoviridae, and the RBP orientation would allow host adhesion and infection without an activation step.
p38 MAPK Inhibition Improves Synaptic Plasticity and Memory in Angiotensin II-dependent Hypertensive Mice
Authors: Dai Hai-long , Hu Wei-yuan , Jiang Li-hong , Li Le , Gaung Xue-feng , Xiao Zhi-cheng
Published: June 2016

The pathogenesis of hypertension-related cognitive impairment has not been sufficiently clarified, new molecular targets are needed. p38 MAPK pathway plays an important role in hypertensive target organ damage. Activated p38 MAPK was seen in AD brain tissue. In this study, we found that long-term potentiation (LTP) of hippocampal CA1 was decreased, the density of the dendritic spines on the CA1 pyramidal cells was reduced, the p-p38 protein expression in hippocampus was elevated and cognitive function was impaired in angiotensin II-dependent hypertensive C57BL/6 mice. In vivo, using a p38 heterozygous knockdown mice (p38KI/+) model, we showed that knockdown of p38 MAPK in hippocampus leads to the improvement of cognitive function and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in angiotensin II-dependent p38KI/+ hypertensive mice. In vitro, LTP was improved in hippocampal slices from C57BL/6 hypertensive mice by treatment with p38MAPK inhibitor SKF86002. Our data demonstrated that p38 MAPK may be a potential therapeutic target for hypertension-related cognitive dysfunction.