bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CSR EFFECT ON MARKET AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
Authors: Dewi Dian Masita
Published: November 2015

This study aims to predict causality model [33] effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on financial performance. This study also examines motivation of CSR implementation based on financial performance and market performance in non-financial public companies and banks that disclose CSR activities and listed at Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2007–2009. Numbers of samples were 46 companies. Data was analyzed by GSCA. Research result showed that there was a significant direct effect between CSR on Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE). In contrast, there was no significant direct effect between CSR on Market Value Added (MVA). In addition, there was a significant direct effect between Return on Assets (ROA) on CSR, Return on Equity (ROE) on CSR and there was no significant direct effect between Market Value Added (MVA) on CSR. There were three empirical findings novelties of this study. First, return on assets (ROA) has positive effect on CSR and otherwise CSR has positive effect on ROA. Second, ROE has positive effect on CSR and otherwise CSR has positive effect on ROE. Last, MVA affect on CSR and otherwise CSR affect on MVA.

 
DETERMINAN FEE AUDIT PADA KAP DI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Kholilah Kholilah
Published: November 2015

This study sets out to examine factors influencing audit fees paid on public accountant firm (KAP) in East Java. Data were collected from 2012 company annual reports audited by KAP. An audit fee models using a sample of 84 audited financial reports by using multiple linear regression analysis. The findings show a direct relationship between audit fees and each of corporate size and audit location, an inverse relationship has been detected between audit fees and each of audit risk and seasonality, the findings also revealed that audit fees are not significantly influenced by KAP switching.
PENGARUH BRAND IMAGE TERHADAP LOYALITAS NASABAH DALAM MENGGUNAKAN JASA PERBANKAN PADA PT. BANK SYARIAH MANDIRI CABANG MALANG
Authors: Hasan Irmayanti , Firmansyah Fani
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Brand awareness is the basic dimensions of brand equity. Brand awareness shows two levels of awareness; that is familiar to the brand (brand recognition) and is able to recall the brand (brand recall). Brand image is a type of association that arises in the minds of consumers when considering a particular brand. Brand image (brand image) is one of the components that affect customer loyalty. Competitive companies use brand image to attract consumer attention and loyalty bind. The population in this study is the city of Malang Islamic banking customers. The method of sampling is non-probability sampling technique by purposive sampling. The sampling method aims to obtain samples reprsentatif according to specified criteria. The results of this study are variable brand image consisting of image bank, the customer's image, the image of banking products, simultaneously have a significant effect on customer loyalty in the use of banking services and banking product image variable partial effect. This indicates that the majority of customers choose PT. Bank Syariah Mandiri Branch Malang because the image of banking products from PT. Bank Syariah Mandiri Branch Malang.
QARD SEBAGAI PRODUK FUNDING : TINJAUAN FIQIH DAN SEBAGAI PELUANG PRODUK BARU DI PERBANKAN SYARIAH
Authors: Hamidi Mohammad
Published: November 2015

Sampai hari ini hanya ada dua fatwa DSN-MUI tentang akad yang dijadikan produk penghimpunan dana oleh Perbankan Syariah yaitu wadi’ah dan mudharabah. Kedua akad tersebut berbasis simpanan (wadi’ah yad dhamanah) dan investasi (mudharabah), produk tersebut diaplikasikan dalam bentuk Giro mudharabah & wadi’ah, tabungan mudharabah & wadi’ah, dan deposito mudharabah. Akan tetapi kedua akad tersebut belum bisa menjawab masalah hukum metode penghimpunan dana yang berkembang sekarang. Metode penghimpunan dana di dunia perbankan tidak hanya mengandalkan dana lebih masyarakat, penghimpunan dana bisa juga melalui peminjaman modal antar lembaga keuangan, laba bank yang belum dibagikan, kredit likuiditas dari bank negara, sertifikat berharga, dan lain-lain, metode ini termasuk kategori cara penghimpunan dana yang modern di perbankan. Melalui makalah ini, mencoba mewacanakan akad Qard sebagai produk penghimpunan dana di perbankan. Qard pada dasarnya adalah pinjaman yang sifatnya tabarru’at, akad Qard bisa digeser menjadi akad tijari, sebagaimana pada akad tabarru’at yang lain seperti; wakalah, kafalah, hiwalah dan wadi’ah. Akad Qard boleh berubah dari akad tabarru’at menjadi akad tijari disesuaikan pada ‘illat-nya. Hukum pemberian pinjaman/hutang (Qard) untuk pengembangan usaha hukumnnya adalah mubah, dan si peminjam boleh mengelola harta pinjamannya, serta si peminjam boleh memberi imbalan kepada pemberi pinjaman atas dasar bonus (inisiatif dari bank dan bukan permintaan dari pembri pinjaman).
ANGGARAN PENDAPATAN BELANJA NEGARA (APBN) PERSPEKTIF ISLAM (STUDI KASUS APBN DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2014)
Authors: Alim Syahirul , Khusnudin Khusnudin
Published: November 2015

Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara (APBN) dalam khasanah loterasi Islam sering disebut sebagai Baitul Mal. Baitul Mal adalah pos yang dikhususkan untuk semua pemasukan dan penegeluaran harta yang menjadi hak kaum muslimin/warga Negara. Setiap harta yang menjadi hak kaum muslimin, baik diambil dari kaum muslim dan non-muslim menjadi harta baitul mal. Terdapat tiga paradigm dasar yang selalu menyandera APBN pada system ekonomi kapitalis/neoliberalis yaitu, asumsi makro ekonomi, konsep anggaran berimbang atau anggaran deficit, dan liberalisasi ekonomi. Penyusunan baitul mal menggunakan paradigm yang berbeda. Diantaranya; tidak dibuat setiap tahun, tidak membutuhkan pembahasan dengan Majelis Umat (DPR/MPR), sumber pendapatan dan pos pengeluaran ditetapkan oleh syariah. Khalifah sebagai kepala Negara bias menyusun sendiri melalui hak tabbani, dan alokasi dana masing-masing sumber pendapatan dan pos pengeluaran diserahkan kepada pendapat dan ijtihad khalifah.
PENGARUH ORIENTASI PASAR TERHADAP NILAI INOVASI, KEUNGGULAN BERSAING DAN KINERJA PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Mauludin Hanif
Published: November 2015

Pemasaran yang berorientasi pasar merupakan aktivitas pemasaran yang memberikan perhatian pada pelanggan, pesaing dan kolaborasi unit kerja didalam perusahaan yang sangat diperlukan didalam meningkatkan nilai inovasi untuk membangun keunggulan bersaing yang akan berdampak pada kinerja perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji sejauhmana pengaruh orientasi pasar, nilai inovasi dan keunggulan bersaing terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Penelitian dilakukan pada perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang jasa keuangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa orientasi pasar berpengaruh terhadap nilai inovasi dan keunggulan bersaing. Orientasi pasar tidak berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Nilai inovasi dan keunggulan bersaing merupakan variabel yang intervening yang memediasi pengaruh orientasi pasar terhadap kinerja perusahaan.
VIABILITAS DAN PRODUKTIVITAS SELULOSA DARI INOKULUM KERING Acetobacter xylinum DENGAN SUBSTRAT PEMBAWA BERUPA SERBUK KELAPA PARUT DAN SERBUK AMPAS KELAPA PARUT
Authors: Andriani Amalia Fitri
Published: November 2015

Inokulum nata yang berisi kultur Acetobacter xylinum, pada umumnya tersedia dalam bentuk agar slant atau bentuk kultur cair dalam medium air kelapa. Bentuk inokulum tersebut membutuhkan perlakuan khusus dan mahal. Seiring dengan penigkatan kebutuhan inokulum nata de coco, maka bentuk inokulum dikembangkan agar lebih praktis, mudah perlakuannya, penyimpanan dan aman dalam transportasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemungkinan penyediaan inokulum kering nata de coco dengan substrat pembawa berupa serbuk kelapa parut dan serbuk ampas kelapa parut. Inokulum kering dibuat dengan menginokulasikan kultur cair A. xylinum ke dalam serbuk kelapa parut kering dan serbuk ampas kelapa parut kering kemudian dilakukan pengeringan dengan inkubator dengan suhu 30o C dan 40o C. Inokulum dalam bentuk serbuk kering dengan substrat pembawa berupa serbuk kelapa parut dan serbuk ampas kelapa parut dapat dibuat dengan pengeringan suhu 30o C selama 30 jam dengan perbandingan substrat pembawa : inokulum cair sebanyak 1:2. Inokulum kering dengan substrat pembawa berupa serbuk kelapa parut memiliki kadar air 3,25 %, vabilitas 1,0 x 107 sel/g dan produktivitas selulosa 5,55 g/L. Inokulum kering dengan substrat pembawa berupa serbuk ampas kelapa memiliki kadar air 2,98 %, viabilitas 4,2 x 105 sel/g dan produktivitas selulosanya sebasar 4,92 g/L. Produktivitas selulosa inokulum kering tersebut setara dengan 80% produktivitas selulosa hasil inokulum cair dari isolat A. xylinum asal.

nata de coco, inokulum kering, Acetobacter xylinum, selulosa bakteri, substrat pembawa
EFEKTIFITAS PENGGUNAAN CHITOSAN SEBAGAI AGEN ANTIMIKROBA PADA DAGING AYAM BROILER
Authors: L. Rahayu,
Published: November 2015

Penelitian penggunaan chitosan dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda sebagai larutan perendaman daging ayam broiler selama 5 menit serta penyimpanan 8 jam telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap total mikroba dan nilai TVBN. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perendaman daging ayam dalam larutan chitosan dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap total mikroba, dan tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai TVBN. Setelah penyimpanan 8 jam daya hambat total mikroba yang paling tinggi yaitu konsentrasi 2% sebesar 4,4 x 106 CFU/g.
PERLUNYA REFORMASI PENDIDIKAN, PEMBELAJARAN, DAN TEKNOLOGI DI ERA PENGETAHUAN
Authors: Nuraida Dede
Published: November 2015

Saat ini kita sudah memasuki abad 21 yang juga disebut sebagai era pengetahuan, era ini ditandai dengan berkembangnya ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang sedemikian pesatnya. Perkembangan yang terjadi di era ini membawa konsekuensi kepada tuntutan Sumber Daya Manusia yang berkualitas, untuk itu maka reformasi pendidikan nampaknya tidak bisa ditawar lagi, karena hanya pendidkanlah yang bisa mempersiapkan manusia untuk kehidupan di masa depan. Reformasi pendidikan yang dikehendaki untuk menyiapkan manusia di era pengetahuan ini meliputi reformasi dalam aspek-aspek: Tujuan, jenis-jenis keterampilan & cara mendapatkannya, proses pembelajaran dan teknologinya, serta strategi reformasi yang efektif. Dengan adanya reformasi pendidikan ini diharapkan dihasilkannya generasi-generasi muda yang siap menghadapi tantangan jaman.
Kata Kunci: Reformasi pendidikan, era pengetahuan, strategi reformasi
VARIASI CIRI MORFOLOGI DAN POTENSI MAKROALGA JENIS CAULERPA DI PANTAI KONDANG MERAK KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Saptasari Murni
Published: November 2015

Indonesia memiliki keanekaragaman makroalga jenis baik yang bersifat “will crop” maupun beberapa yang telah dibudidayakan Salah satu makroalga dari kelas Chlorophyceae yaitu Caulerpa merupakan sumber daya hayati kelautanPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi jenis-jenis Caulerpa yang ditemukan di Pantai Kondang Merak.  Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif-eksplorasi. Lokasi penelitian berada di kawasan wana wisata Pantai Kondang Merak  yang secara administrasi berada di wilayah Kabupaten Malang. Bahan amatan atau spesimen adalah jenis Caulerpa yang ditemukan di plot pengamatan atau petak cuplikan pada batu karang, pasir serta intensitas cahaya yang cukup Jenis Caulerpa yang ditemukan di Pantai Kondang Merak  ada enam jenis termasuk suku Caulerpaceae dan bangsa Siphonales.Ciri secara umum dari Caulerpa adalah keseluruhan tubuhnya terdiri dari satu sel dengan bagian bawah yang menjalar menyerupai stolon yang mempunyai rhizoid sebagai alat pelekat pada subtrat serta bagian yang tegak disebut asimilator.Bentuk asimilator bervariasi tergantung jenisnya.Caulerpa merupakan salah satu jenis alga hijau yang belum banyak dimanfaatkan dan termasuk dalam Feather Seaweed. Feather Seaweed dilaporkan sebagai makroalga yang dapat dimakan, mempunyai zat bioaktif seperti anti bakteri, anti jamur, anti tumor dan bisa digunakan untuk terapi tekanan darah tinggi dan gondok.Penelitian mengenai eksplorasi dan pengolahan Caulerpa perlu dikembangkan mengingat Caulerpa memiliki potensi sebagai bahan obat, pangan dan gizi.

Kata Kunci;Caulerpa,variasi morfologi,potensi, pantai Kondang Merak
KONDISI DAN MANFAAT LANGSUNG EKOSISTEM HUTAN MANGROVE DESA PENUNGGUL KECAMATAN NGULING KABUPATEN PASURUAN
Authors: Sofian Achmad , Harahab Nuddin , Marsoedi Marsoedi
Published: November 2015

Hutan mangrove memiliki manfaat dan fungsi ekologi dan ekonomi yang sangat strategis
bagi masyarakat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui : 1) kondisi hutan
mangrove Desa Penunggul dan 2)manfaat langsung dari ekosistem hutan mangrove Desa
Penunggul Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Dessember 2011- Januari 2012.
Pengumpulan data diperoleh dari pengamatan langsung, wawancara dengan masyarakat
dan pemerintah desa dan studi pustaka. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian hutan mangrove
Desa Penunggul merupakan hutan hasil penanaman dan bukti keberhasilan upaya
penyelamatan lingkungan pantai oleh masyarakat. Terdapat dua jenis mangrove yaitu
Rhizophora sp and Avicennia sp. Rhizophora sp mendominasi ekosistem mangrove di Desa
Penunggul. Manfaat langsung ekosistem hutan mangrove terdiri dari bibit mangrove,
perikanan (kerang, kepiting dan rajungan), dan pendidikan dan pariwisata.
UPAYA PENGELOLAAN BIOLOGIS LAHAN KERING MASAM ULTISOL Improving of acid dry land Ultisols by biologically management
Authors: Prihastuti Prihastuti
Published: November 2015

Pengelolaan Ultisol mempunyai prospek yang besar dalam mendukung program perluasan areal tanam komoditas pangan. Permasalahan utama pada lahan ini adalah nilai pH yang rendah, kandungan unsur hara yang rendah dan bersifat toksis. Keadaan ini menjadikan kandungan total mikroba tanah juga rendah.

Upaya  pengelolaan  Ultisol  secara  fisis  dan  khemis  sudah  banyak  dilakukan,  untuk meningkatkan nilai pH tanah dan ketersediaan hara. Untuk menyempurnakan tindakan pengelolaan Ultisol, maka pengelolaan biologis lahan ini cukup menarik untuk dilakukan. Sekalipun total populasi mikroba rendah, namun keaneka ragaman jenisnya cukup tinggi dan  mengandung  mikroba  bermanfaat.  Pengelolaan  biologis  Ultisol  dapat  ditempuh melalui   masukan  mikroba  atau   dengan   memperbaiki  lingkungan  tumbuh  mikroba indigenous yang telah ada, antara lain dengan meningkatkan kadar bahan organik tanah.
KAJIAN KOMPOSISI SERANGGA POLINATOR TANAMAN APEL (Malus sylvestris Mill) DI DESA PONCOKUSUMO KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Apituley Frank Leonardo , Leksono Amin Setyo , Yanuwiadi Bagyo
Published: November 2015

Pohon apel merupakan salah satu jenis pohon yang tidak dapat melakukan penyerbukan sendiri. Bunga apel tergantung pada serangga penyerbuk atau serangga polinator. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi serangga kanopi yang berpotensi sebagai polinator bunga apel dan menganalisis pola kunjungannya. Pengamatan serangga dilakukan secara visual. Pengukuran faktor lingkungan (suhu, kelembaban, dan cahaya). Analisis data struktur komunitas serangga pada saat musim berbunga dan berbuah didapatkan dari nilai penting dan diversitas (Indeks Shannon Wienner).  Pola kunjungan dan komposisi serangga polinator dilakukan dengan membandingkan saat musim berbunga dan musim berbuah. Parameter yang dibandingkan diversitas, kelimpahan dan komposisi. Diversitas dan  dan  kelimpahan dibandingkan dengan uji  anova, sedangkan komposisi dibandingkan dengan IBC (Indeks Bray Curtis). Pola kunjungan harian serangga polinator bunga apel dianalisis dengan membandingkan rata-rata kunjungan pada periode I, II, III, IV, dan V. Serangga polinator yang dikoleksi pada perkebunan apel musim bunga lebih tinggi yakni (363 individu) dari pada musim buah (151 individu). Nilai indeks keanekaragaman serangga polinator pada saat musim berbunga lebih tinggi (2,08) dibandingkan musim buah (1,27). Kelimpahan serangga polinator antara musim bunga dan buah signifikan P < 0,001. Kesamaan serangga polinator antara musim bunga dan buah denga indeks Bray Curtis sebesar 0,76 untuk musim bunga (AC, yaitu jam 07.00-08.15 dengan 12.00-13.15) dan 0,74 untuk musim buah (AB, yaitu jam 07.00-08.15 dengan 09.00-10.15). Analisis faktor lingkungan suhu, kelembaban, dan intensitas cahaya terhadap kelimpahan serangga polinator didapatkan korelasi yang positif dengan nilai R-square yakni 43,2%.

 
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN TIMBAL (Pb) DOSIS KRONIS SECARA ORAL TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENANDA KERUSAKAN ORGAN PADA MENCIT
Authors: Setiawan Abdul Malik
Published: November 2015

Several kind of heavy metals that present in the environment are considered as toxic substance to human and animal. Lead (Pb) is one of  heavy metals that increase in use for the last decade. Lead toxicity to human had wide influence in medical aspect, from nerve problem, bone metabolics disturbance until liver and renal failure. This experiment tried to found out the effect of cronic oral lead consupmtion to lead plasma rate in mice. Design of this experiment is true research experiment to test wheater there is an effect of oral lead consumption to acumulation of   lead in blood plasma of mice. The dose devided to two kinds, medium dose (50 ppm) and high dose (100 ppm). The results show increase of lead accumulation in blood plasma of the mice compared to control group.
DAYA ANTIFUNGAL DEKOK KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomum burmanni) TERHADAP Candida Albicans SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Rachma Lailia Nur
Published: November 2015

Candida  albicans  is  the  most  oportunis  fungi  that  cause  flour  albus.  Cinnamomum burmanni have been widely known as therapy for flour albus. This efect caused by its chemical compound such as cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, cinnamic acid, limonene, cathecin, coumarin, linalool, and tannin. This research aims was to know the comparison of antifungal potency of Cinnamomum burmanni on Candida albicans in vitro. The design was true experimental. The decoction concentrations of Cinnamomum burmanni that were used were 8%, 4%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.25%, and 0.125% with three time repetition. The data was analized with One-way ANOVA test with convidence interval 95% (p < 0.05). One-way ANOVA test gave result Cinnamomum burmanni had antifungal potency against Candida albicans. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Cinnamomum burmanni was 1%. Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) of Cinnamomum burmanni was 2%. The conclusion was Cinnamomum burmanni had antifungal potency against Candida albicans in vitro.

 

 
PERANAN AIR DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QURAN (Air Sebagai Sumber Kehidupan)
Authors: Imamudin Mochamad
Published: November 2015

Air merupakan kebutuhan pokok dan esensial bagi manusia dan makhluk hidup di muka bumi ini, oleh karena itu keberadaannya merupakan anugerah teragung yang dilimpahkan Allah  Swt  kepada  seluruh  makhluknya, sebab  dengan  air  Allah  menghidupkan segala makhluk di atas bumi ini, menyebarkan rejeki melalui pemanfaatannya sebagai zat yang menumbuhkan  tanaman,  sebagai  minuman  bagi  binatang  ternak  dan  bahkan  sebagai sumber energi yang dapat diperbaharui. Disisi lain air juga dapat mendatangkan bahaya dan bencana besar bagi ekosistem makhluk hidup di muka bumi ini seperti datangnya banjir, air pasang di tepi laut dan longsor. Namun datangnya bencana tersebut apakah disebabkan oleh kesalahan alam ataukah manusia yang salah mengelola alam ini. Maka pada penelitian ini penulis akan mengungkap bagaimana pandangan al-Quran tentang air dari  segi  manfaatnya sebagai  sumber  kehidupan  sehingga  dapat  menambah  wawasan tentang air dari perspektif al-Quran.

 
Plant selection and soil legacy enhance long‐term biodiversity effects
Authors: Zuppinger‐Dingley Debra , Flynn Dan F. B. , De Deyn Gerlinde B. , Petermann Jana S. , Schmid Bernhard
Published: November 2015

Plant–plant and plant–soil interactions can help maintain plant diversity and ecosystem functions. Changes in these interactions may underlie experimentally observed increases in biodiversity effects over time via the selection of genotypes adapted to low or high plant diversity. Little is known, however, about such community‐history effects and particularly the role of plant–soil interactions in this process. Soil‐legacy effects may occur if co‐evolved interactions with soil communities either positively or negatively modify plant biodiversity effects. We tested how plant selection and soil legacy influence biodiversity effects on productivity, and whether such effects increase the resistance of the communities to invasion by weeds. We used two plant selection treatments: parental plants growing in monoculture or in mixture over 8 yr in a grassland biodiversity experiment in the field, which we term monoculture types and mixture types. The two soil‐legacy treatments used in this study were neutral soil inoculated with live or sterilized soil inocula collected from the same plots in the biodiversity experiment. For each of the four factorial combinations, seedlings of eight species were grown in monocultures or four‐species mixtures in pots in an experimental garden over 15 weeks. Soil legacy (live inoculum) strongly increased biodiversity complementarity effects for communities of mixture types, and to a significantly weaker extent for communities of monoculture types. This may be attributed to negative plant–soil feedbacks suffered by mixture types in monocultures, whereas monoculture types had positive plant–soil feedbacks, in both monocultures and mixtures. Monocultures of mixture types were most strongly invaded by weeds, presumably due to increased pathogen susceptibility, reduced biomass, and altered plant–soil interactions of mixture types. These results show that biodiversity effects in experimental grassland communities can be modified by the evolution of positive vs. negative plant–soil feedbacks of plant monoculture vs. mixture types.
Intraprofessional Excellence in Nursing: Collaborative Strategies for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Authors: Teague Amanda H. , Jnah Amy J. , Newberry Desi
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a growing public health concern, one that costs the health care system $190–$720 million each year. Recently, state-level perinatal quality collaborative groups have disseminated NAS action plans: customizable frameworks aimed to assist health care systems in identifying, evaluating, treating, and coordinating discharge services for neonates with NAS. Hospital-based neonatal nursing quality improvement teams, including neonatal nurse practitioners (NNPs), neonatal clinical nurse specialists (CNSs), and clinical neonatal nurses, by virtue of their collective academic, administrative, and practical years of experience, are ideally positioned to develop, implement, and evaluate NAS care bundles. The article’s purpose is to discuss key elements of an NAS care bundle using the framework of the Perinatal Quality Collaborative of North Carolina NAS action plan as an exemplar. Discussion of evidence-based and nursing-driven metrics will be followed by a discussion of the emerging concept of an inpatient-to-outpatient transitional care NAS management model.
Initial Development of C.A.T.E.S.: A Simulation-Based Competency Assessment Instrument for Neonatal Nurse Practitioners
Authors: Cates Leigh Ann , Bishop Sheryl , Armentrout Debra , Verklan Terese , Arnold Jennifer , Doughty Cara
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Purpose:Determine content validity of global statements and operational definitions and choose scenarios for Competency, Assessment, Technology, Education, and Simulation (C.A.T.E.S.), instrument in development to evaluate multidimensional competency of neonatal nurse practitioners (NNPs).

Design:Real-time Delphi (RTD) method to pursue four specific aims (SAs): (1) identify which cognitive, technical, or behavioral dimension of NNP competency accurately reflects each global statement; (2) map the global statements to the National Association of Neonatal Nurse Practitioners (NANNP) core competency domains; (3) define operational definitions for the novice to expert performance subscales; and (4) determine the essential scenarios to assess NNPs.

Sample:Twenty-five NNPs and nurses with competency and simulation experience

Main outcome variable:One hundred percent of global statements correct for competency dimension and all but two correct for NANNP domain. One hundred percent novice to expert operational definitions and eight scenarios chosen.

Results:Content validity determined for global statements and novice to expert definitions and essential scenarios chosen.
Maternal and Paternal Knowledge and Perceptions Regarding Infant Pain in the NICU
Authors: Vazquez Victoria , Cong Xiaomei , DeJong Angela
Published: November 2015

Purpose: To investigate parents’ knowledge, self-efficacy, and satisfaction about infant pain in the NICU.

Design and sample: A survey was conducted, and 80 parents (57 mothers and 23 fathers) participated in the study.

Main outcome variable: A researcher-developed questionnaire composed of 3 dimensions: parents’ knowledge about infant pain, perception of self-efficacy regarding infant pain, and satisfaction with infant pain management.

Results: Most parents had adequate knowledge and moderate to high self-efficacy and were satisfied with infant pain management in the NICU. Mothers and fathers responded differently regarding self-efficacy and satisfaction, and parents’ perceptions were correlated with infants’ correct age and parents’ own age. Most important, most parents wanted to be present and to be given the opportunity to comfort their infant during and after a painful procedure. Parents also preferred to receive formal/written information on infant pain.
Patients’ and Spouses’ Contribution Toward Adherence to Self-Care Behaviors in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Pereira M. Graça , Costa Vera , Oliveira Daniela , Ferreira Gabriela , Pedras Susana , Sousa Maria Rui , Machado José C.
Published: November 2015

This article focuses on patients’ and partners’ variables regarding adherence to self-care, in recently diagnosed patients with Type 2 diabetes. One hundred four patients and partners were included. Instruments answered were Family Inventory of Life Events and Changes (family stress), Family Crisis Oriented Personal Evaluation Scales (family coping), Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (dyadic adjustment), Multidimensional Diabetes Questionnaire (partner support) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (psychological morbidity).

Results showed adherence to diet to be positively predicted by patient dyadic adjustment and patient positive support and negatively by partner depression and partner negative support. Adherence to exercise was predicted by patient’s family stress and negatively by partner anxiety. Adherence to glucose monitoring was predicted by partner positive support. Psychological variables were not associated with adherence to foot care. Finally, positive partner support moderated the relationship between family stress and dyadic adjustment in patients.

The results emphasize the need to treat the patient in the context of the dyad. Future research should focus on partners’ specific instrumental behaviors that promote patients’ self-care behaviors.
Uroguanylin Action in the Brain Reduces Weight Gain in Obese Mice via Different Efferent Autonomic Pathways
Authors: Folgueira Cintia , Beiroa Daniel , Callon Aurelie , Al-Massadi Omar , Barja-Fernandez Silvia , Senra Ana , Fernø Johan , López Miguel , Dieguez Carlos , Casanueva Felipe F. , Rohner-Jeanrenaud Françoise , Seoane Luisa M. , Nogueiras Ruben
Published: November 2015

The gut-brain axis is of great importance in the control of energy homeostasis. The identification of uroguanylin (UGN), a peptide released in the intestines that is regulated by nutritional status and anorectic actions, as the endogenous ligand for the guanylyl cyclase 2C receptor has revealed a new system in the regulation of energy balance. We show that chronic central infusion of UGN reduces weight gain and adiposity in diet-induced obese mice. These effects were independent of food intake and involved specific efferent autonomic pathways. On one hand, brain UGN induces brown adipose tissue thermogenesis, as well as browning and lipid mobilization in white adipose tissue through stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. On the other hand, brain UGN augments fecal output through the vagus nerve. These findings are of relevance as they suggest that the beneficial metabolic actions of UGN through the sympathetic nervous system do not involve nondesirable gastrointestinal adverse effects, such as diarrhea. The present work provides mechanistic insights into how UGN influences energy homeostasis and suggests that UGN action in the brain represents a feasible pharmacological target in the treatment of obesity.
Cross-linguistic Variation in a Processing Account: The Case of Multiple Wh-questions∗
Authors: Arnon Inbal
Published: November 2015

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Predicting the Productivity of Argument Structure Constructions
Authors: BARÐDAL JÓHANNA
Published: November 2015

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Wh-Conditionals in Vietnamese and Chinese: Against Unselective Binding
Authors: Bruening Benjamin , Tran Thuan
Published: November 2015

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Constrained Flexibility in the Extension of Novel Causative Verbs
Authors: Bunger Ann , Lidz Jeffrey
Published: November 2015

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Methods for the Study of the Social Structure of Linguistic Variation
Authors: Campbell-Kibler Kathryn
Published: November 2015

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“The thing is, is” Is No Mere Disfluency
Authors: Coppock Elizabeth , Brenier Jason , Staum Laura , Michaelis Laura
Published: November 2015

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On Non-Optimal Laryngeal Timing: The Case of Trique
Authors: DiCanio Christian
Published: November 2015

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Argument Structure and Adjuncts: Perspectives from New Guinea
Authors: Donohue Mark
Published: November 2015

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Non-Canonical Uses of the Article in Basque
Authors: Eguren Luis
Published: November 2015

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When Gesture Is and Is Not Language
Authors: Goldin-Meadow Susan
Published: November 2015

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Re-binding and the Derivation of Parallelism Domains
Authors: Hardt Daniel
Published: November 2015

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Phonological Optimization and Syntactic Variation: The Case of Optional That
Authors: Jaeger T. Florian
Published: November 2015

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Light Verb Voicing and Japanese Phonological Lexicon
Authors: Kurisu Kazutaka
Published: November 2015

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Spatial Language in Tarascan: Body Parts, Shape, and the Grammar of Location
Authors: Mendoza Martha
Published: November 2015

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A Best-Fit Approach to Productive Omission of Arguments
Authors: Mok Eva H. , Bryant John
Published: November 2015

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A Metaphor of Static Temporal “Location” in Wolof and English: Metonymy, Motivation, and Morphosyntax
Authors: Moore Kevin Ezra
Published: November 2015

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A Case of Rare Fluid Intransitivity in Europe: Russian
Authors: Nichols Johanna
Published: November 2015

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GO and COME Revisited: What Serves as a Reference Point?
Authors: Oshima David Y.
Published: November 2015

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Punctuation as Social Action: The Ellipsis as a Discourse Marker in Computer-Mediated Communication
Authors: Raclaw Joshua
Published: November 2015

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Fictive Motion: Construction or Construal?
Authors: Ruppenhofer Josef
Published: November 2015

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The Syntax of Floating Intensifiers in Polish and its Implications for the Determiner Phrase Hypothesis
Authors: Rutkowski Paweł
Published: November 2015

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Compromising Positions and Polarity Items
Authors: Salmon William
Published: November 2015

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From Keigo ‘Honorifics’ to Keii-Hyougen ‘Respect Expressions’: Linguistic Ideologies of Japanese Honorifics
Authors: Takekuro Makiko
Published: November 2015

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Plurality of Events: Parallels between Language and Perception
Authors: Wood Tess
Published: November 2015

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Deskewing the Searlean Picture: A New Speech Act Ontology for Linguistics
Authors: Zaefferer Dietmar
Published: November 2015

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Le droit du défunt
Authors: Touzeil-Divina Mathieu , Bouteille-Brigant Magali
Published: November 2015

Résumé La qualification juridique du corps humain mort semble acquise : le cadavre n’est pas, juridiquement, une personne mais bien une chose, voire, pour certaines juridictions, un bien. Toutefois, cette qualification n’est pas dénuée d’ambiguïtés, si bien que certains auteurs restent mal à l’aise dès lors qu’il s’agit de qualifier le cadavre. En effet, elle n’est pas réellement satisfaisante tant existe un écart entre la perception des proches d’un défunt, qui auront tendance à voir encore en lui une personne, fût-elle morte, et la qualification retenue par le droit, qui tend à réifier le corps mort. La qualification de « personne » n’est toutefois pas, en l’état, elle-même satisfaisante. Aussi proposons-nous d’envisager le corps humain mort non plus comme une chose mais comme une « personne décédée », qui serait sous la garde de la nation, en créant au sein de la catégorie des personnes une sous-distinction entre les personnes vivantes et les personnes décédées. Cette qualification permettrait, notamment, d’appliquer aux cadavres la protection attachée à la dignité de la personne humaine, sans avoir à déformer cette notion.
Une histoire médicale des critères de la mort
Authors: Carol Anne
Published: November 2015

Résumé La médecine n’a pas toujours été chargée de dire la mort, qui a longtemps eu un caractère d’évidence. Au xviii e et au xix e  siècle, elle s’empare de cet objet dont elle tente de définir les signes cliniques, en réaction contre la mort apparente et les inhumations prématurées. Paradoxalement, la médicalisation massive de la mort et les progrès de la réanimation au xx e  siècle rendent leur définition tributaire des progrès de la technique et du diagnostic et brouillent les frontières entre la vie et la mort.
Petites dépouilles
Authors: Charrier Philippe , Clavandier Gaëlle
Published: November 2015

Résumé Depuis une vingtaine d’années, on observe un processus de reconnaissance sociale du deuil périnatal. Si la souffrance des parents bénéficie d’un accompagnement, qu’en est-il du devenir du corps ? N’étant pas nés, ces fœtus n’accèdent pas au statut de « personne », ce qui a des conséquences notables sur la prise en charge des corps. Au-delà d’un ensemble normatif assez cohérent dû à une transformation des valeurs et des pratiques, cet article montre qu’une diversité de réponses est perceptible sur le terrain. Même si la norme solennise la sépulture, reste que ces corps ne sont pas élevés systématiquement au rang de cadavres, ce qui reviendrait à les considérer comme des corps humains morts. Le plus grand nombre est assimilé à des pièces anatomiques, suscitant des questions éthiques relatives à leurs « conditionnement, conservation, transport et élimination ».
Role of Sortilin in Models of Autoimmune Neuroinflammation
Authors: Reuter Eva , Weber Juliane , Paterka Magdalena , Ploen Robert , Breiderhoff Tilman , van Horssen Jack , Willnow Thomas E. , Siffrin Volker , Zipp Frauke
Published: November 2015

The proneurotrophin receptor sortilin is a protein with dual functions, being involved in intracellular protein transport, as well as cellular signal transduction. The relevance of the receptor for various neuronal disorders, such as dementia, seizures, and brain injury, is well established. In contrast, little is known about the role of sortilin in immune cells and inflammatory diseases. The aim of our study was to elucidate the distribution of sortilin in different immune cell types in mice and humans and to analyze its function in autoimmune CNS inflammation. Sortilin was expressed most profoundly in murine and human macrophages and dendritic cells and to a much lesser extent in B and T cells. In dendritic cells, sortilin had an impact on Ag processing. Accordingly, sortilin was highly expressed by infiltrated perivascular myeloid cells, mainly in vessel cuffs, in the CNS of patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, the most common inflammatory autoimmune disease of the CNS. Yet, sortilin gene-targeted mice (Sort1−/−) and chimeras deficient in sortilin in the immune system were as susceptible as wild-type littermates to T cell–dependent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Considering our results and recent data from other investigators, we conclude that the proneurotrophin receptor sortilin plays a role in innate, rather than in adaptive, immune processes and, thus, not in autoimmune neuroinflammation.
Mechanism of Activation-Induced Downregulation of Mitofusin 2 in Human Peripheral Blood T Cells
Authors: Dasgupta Asish , Chen Kuang-Hueih , Munk Rachel B. , Sasaki Carl Y. , Curtis Jessica , Longo Dan L. , Ghosh Paritosh
Published: November 2015

Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2), a mitochondrial protein, was shown to have antiproliferative properties when overexpressed. In this article, we show that activation of resting human peripheral blood T cells caused downregulation of Mfn2 levels. This downregulation of Mfn2 was blocked by different inhibitors (mTOR inhibitor rapamycin, PI3K inhibitor LY294002, and Akt inhibitor A443654), producing cells that were arrested in the G0/G1 stage of the cell cycle. Furthermore, the activation-induced downregulation of Mfn2 preceded the entry of the cells into the cell cycle, suggesting that Mfn2 downregulation is a prerequisite for activated T cell entry into the cell cycle. Accordingly, small interfering RNA–mediated knockdown of Mfn2 resulted in increased T cell proliferation. Overexpression of constitutively active AKT resulted in the downregulation of Mfn2, which can be blocked by a proteasome inhibitor. Akt-mediated downregulation of Mfn2 was via the mTORC1 pathway because this downregulation was blocked by rapamycin, and overexpression of wild-type, but not kinase-dead mTOR, caused Mfn2 downregulation. Our data suggested that activation-induced reactive oxygen species production plays an important role in the downregulation of Mfn2. Collectively, our data suggest that the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway plays an important role in activation-induced downregulation of Mfn2 and subsequent proliferation of resting human T cells.
γδ T Cell–Dependent Regulatory T Cells Prevent the Development of Autoimmune Keratitis
Authors: Huang Yafei , Yang Zhifang , Huang Chunjian , McGowan Jessica , Casper Tamara , Sun Deming , Born Willi K. , O’Brien Rebecca L.
Published: November 2015

To prevent potentially damaging inflammatory responses, the eye actively promotes local immune tolerance via a variety of mechanisms. Owing to trauma, infection, or other ongoing autoimmunity, these mechanisms sometimes fail, and an autoimmune disorder may develop in the eye. In mice of the C57BL/10 (B10) background, autoimmune keratitis often develops spontaneously, particularly in the females. Its incidence is greatly elevated in the absence of γδ T cells, such that ∼80% of female B10.TCRδ−/− mice develop keratitis by 18 wk of age. In this article, we show that CD8+ αβ T cells are the drivers of this disease, because adoptive transfer of CD8+, but not CD4+, T cells to keratitis-resistant B10.TCRβ/δ−/− hosts induced a high incidence of keratitis. This finding was unexpected because in other autoimmune diseases, more often CD4+ αβ T cells, or both CD4+ and CD8+ αβ T cells, mediate the disease. Compared with wild-type B10 mice, B10.TCRδ−/− mice also show increased percentages of peripheral memory phenotype CD8+ αβ T cells, along with an elevated frequency of CD8+ αβ T cells biased to produce inflammatory cytokines. In addition, B10.TCRδ−/- mice have fewer peripheral CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ αβ regulatory T cells (Tregs), which express lower levels of receptors needed for Treg development and function. Together, these observations suggest that in B10 background mice, γδ T cells are required to generate adequate numbers of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Tregs, and that in B10.TCRδ−/− mice a Treg deficiency allows dysregulated effector or memory CD8+ αβ T cells to infiltrate the cornea and provoke an autoimmune attack.
Some Useful Pedagogical Practices: Educational Neuroscience Perspective
Authors: Watagodakumbura Chandana
Published: November 2015

We have reviewed the goals of education by approaching them from the direction of educational neuroscience; through education, we have to achieve transfer of learning in order to produce individuals who are better problem solvers and decision makers. To achieve this goal, learners will have to transform what they have learned explicitly into implicit memories and vice versa by attaching sense and meaning, ideally across multiple domain areas. Further, through education, we enhance learner consciousness and/or wisdom that give abilities to spontaneously recall retained memories readily, whenever necessary. A number of pedagogical practices that are useful in achieving the above goals are identified. When new contents are presented to learners, high-level, generalised concepts need to be emphasised; concepts are likely to penetrate through multiple domain areas and last longer in memory, thus helping learners to attach sense and meaning better. In order to reach out to multiple brain regions, inducing creativity, we need to get frontal lobes involved essentially, with an appropriate pace and form of presentation. The important task of motivating learners can be done by presenting learners with educational neuroscience facts that can be enlightening; even difficult content can be mastered by simply paying attention fully and through elaborate rehearsal; human brains have the feature of neural plasticity and neural networks can grow throughout the lifespan through effective learning. When setting assessment, we should focus on open-ended, novel and conceptual/generalised questions so that learners use their frontal lobes, engaging in a higher-order, divergent and/or inductive thinking process to provide answers.
Exploring the Use of Faded Worked Examples as a Problem Solving Approach for Underprepared Students
Authors: Hesser Tiffany L , Gregory Jess L
Published: November 2015

It is not uncommon for students to find themselves underprepared when entering a post secondary institution. In additional to lower levels of academic achievement, underprepared students may not be aware that they lack the skills needed to be successful and effectively acquire and process information. Because of this, students that enter post-secondary institutions underprepared often require more support in and out of the college classroom.

In computational based classes, such as math, engineering, chemistry or physics, this support often includes an introduction to effective problem solving strategies. This study introduced faded worked examples as a problem solving approach to students identified as mathematically underprepared in a college chemistry course. Faded worked examples are similar to worked examples but fade out steps for students to complete, allowing support within the problem solving approach as learning improves. The goal of this study was to explore students’ perceptions of this problem solving approach and their belief in its potential to enhance their learning, particularly with students identified as academically underprepared. Overall, students reported that faded worked examples enhanced their overall learning and problem solving abilities in chemistry and the step by step process allowed for a better understanding of the course material.
Finnish Professors’ Experiences of Decolonisation and Internationalisation in South African Universities
Authors: Simpson Ashley , Chen Ning , Dervin Fred
Published: November 2015

This paper examines the experiences of Finnish professors of education, who hold visiting positions in South African universities. As an international education utopia, Finland has developed strong Edu-business and education export around the world ‐ these visiting positions
in South Africa being a direct outcome of these strategies. Using a critical form of discourse analysis, the authors scrutinize three visiting professors’ utterances about their experiences of South African higher education. During their interviews the political and economic dispositifs
of internationalisation, of which their positions are symbolic, function through evoking idealised and exceptionalist representations about Finland. The participants also hint at the need for tolerance and respect towards the South African other, which reveal themselves through the reproduction
of colonial discourses and images. The paper thus calls for further investigation into such forms of neo-colonialism in an African country that calls for rethinking Africanisation, decolonising of knowledge and internationalisation of higher education. It also problematises the under-researched
and ambiguous position of Western scholars in these complex processes.
Bystander hyperactivation of preimmune CD8+ T cells in chronic HCV patients
Authors: Alanio Cécile , Nicoli Francesco , Sultanik Philippe , Flecken Tobias , Perot Brieuc , Duffy Darragh , Bianchi Elisabetta , Lim Annick , Clave Emmanuel , van Buuren Marit M , Schnuriger Aurélie , Johnsson Kerstin , Boussier Jeremy , Garbarg-Chenon Antoine , Bousquet Laurence , Mottez Estelle , Schumacher Ton N , Toubert Antoine , Appay Victor , Heshmati Farhad , Thimme Robert , Pol Stanislas , Mallet Vincent , Albert Matthew L
Published: November 2015

Chronic infection perturbs immune homeostasis. While prior studies have reported dysregulation of effector and memory cells, little is known about the effects on naïve T cell populations. We performed a cross-sectional study of chronic hepatitis C (cHCV) patients using tetramer-associated magnetic enrichment to study antigen-specific inexperienced CD8+ T cells (i.e., tumor or unrelated virus-specific populations in tumor-free and sero-negative individuals). cHCV showed normal precursor frequencies, but increased proportions of memory-phenotype inexperienced cells, as compared to healthy donors or cured HCV patients. These observations could be explained by low surface expression of CD5, a negative regulator of TCR signaling. Accordingly, we demonstrated TCR hyperactivation and generation of potent CD8+ T cell responses from the altered T cell repertoire of cHCV patients. In sum, we provide the first evidence that naïve CD8+ T cells are dysregulated during cHCV infection, and establish a new mechanism of immune perturbation secondary to chronic infection.
Genetic architecture of natural variation in cuticular hydrocarbon composition in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Dembeck Lauren M , Böröczky Katalin , Huang Wen , Schal Coby , Anholt Robert R H , Mackay Trudy F C
Published: November 2015

Insect cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) prevent desiccation and serve as chemical signals that mediate social interactions. Drosophila melanogaster CHCs have been studied extensively, but the genetic basis for individual variation in CHC composition is largely unknown. We quantified variation in CHC profiles in the D. melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) and identified novel CHCs. We used principal component (PC) analysis to extract PCs that explain the majority of CHC variation and identified polymorphisms in or near 305 and 173 genes in females and males, respectively, associated with variation in these PCs. In addition, 17 DGRP lines contain the functional Desat2 allele characteristic of African and Caribbean D. melanogaster females (more 5,9-C27:2 and less 7,11-C27:2, female sex pheromone isomers). Disruption of expression of 24 candidate genes affected CHC composition in at least one sex. These genes are associated with fatty acid metabolism and represent mechanistic targets for individual variation in CHC composition.