bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Step Changes in Deep, Open-Water Riserless Coiled Tubing Operations
Authors: Stuker John , Campos Jesus , Morbelli Diane , Rivas Jose , Franco Delgado Ernesto , Assis Joao
Published: November 2018

Scale buildup due to water production can choke oil production and require repetitive scale treatments across entire fields. In subsea wells, the common solution employs a deepwater rig to conduct either workover operations or large-volume scale inhibitor squeezes. Less frequently, coiled tubing (CT) is used from a moonpool vessel. However, current oil prices required a custom solution for subsea well treatments that was more cost effective than either a rig or a moonpool vessel.

Similar previous operations successfully used 1 ¾-in. and 2-in. (44.4 mm. and 50 mm.) CT at the same time from a moonpool vessel. A remotely operated vehicle (ROV) in the open water connected the CT to the subsea safety module (SSM) through a dynamic conduit and connected the SSM to the wellhead. An engineered solution to change to 2 7/8-in. CT and use high-rate stimulation pumps was planned to deliver subsea treatments at up to 15 bbl/min. The equipment layout was designed for a multipurpose supply vessel with chemical storage tanks; to increase the available selection of vessels, the CT was designed to run overboard rather than through a moonpool.

This project was initiated after accelerated scale buildup occurred because of a pressure decrease close to the bubble point, which happened when the drawdown was increased for aggressive production targets. To effectively inhibit scale in this environment, treatments required thousands of barrels of inhibitor. For wells with more-severe scale conditions, acid treatments were planned. These treatments were delivered with one complete CT package, stimulation pumping fleet, and subsea equipment, which were all installed on the spare deck space of the available vessel.

A custom overboard CT deployment tower was designed. The new tower improved the dynamic bend stiffener (DBS) placement, which allowed the clump weights to be deployed with the bottomhole assembly (BHA) and simplified the rig-up. The chosen vessel worked well for the operation; however, the equipment layout and the local weather conditions combined with the response amplitude operator (RAO) of the vessel shortened the projected fatigue life of the CT.

CT integrity monitoring with magnetic flux leakage (MFL) measurement was introduced here, and the vessel’s motion reference unit (MRU) provided an input to a fatigue calculator, based on the global riser analysis (GRA). The measurements and the analysis were utilized successfully to prevent CT pipe failures in the open water and deliver the required well treatments. To allow further improvements in deepwater operations, the new engineering work-flow was carefully documented.
PEMS Re-Rata on Total Abk Offshore Platform
Authors: Alblooshi Muna , Aikhoje Eragbae
Published: November 2018

In order to better understand and monitor its atmospheric impacts, TABK equipped all its flares, gas turbines and glycol reboilers with a Predictive Emission Monitoring System (PEMS). PEMS is a software based continuous monitoring system that is able to compute emissions based on logging of process parameters such as fuel consumption, power output, combustion exhaust temperature, etc.

In the UAE, this Innovative technology is quite new for an offshore Exploration and Production site and ADNOC, the local regulator, has approved TABK PEMS as a compliance monitoring tool for documenting emissions of priority pollutants and Green House Gases .

This project allows adequate modelling and assessment that will enable forecasting air quality and development of cost-effective abatement strategies.

This project is key for TABK because we are now able to continuously quantify our main air pollutants emissions; as well as able to support any abatement philosophy with clear, precise scientific and sound information.

While this project is quite new for an Exploration and Production offshore site, its innovative technology has enabled TABK take a new approach that predicts emissions from process variables.
Criteria of Bypassing Main Cryogenic Heat Exchanger De-Riming Procedure
Authors: Al Mazrouei Rashed , Salmeen Haitham , Agung Margono
Published: November 2018

The cryogenic liquefaction of natural gas is experienced as a mean of transforming natural gas into a more suitable form for transportation and storage. Such liquefaction reduces the volume of the natural gas and results in a product which can be stored and transported at or near atmospheric pressure. In any natural gas liquefaction process, there will be progressive accumulation of buildup upon the interior surfaces of the cryogenic heat exchanger. Such buildup can be caused by water in the form of ice or relatively heavy hydrocarbons present in the gas feed in solid form. The various sections of the cryogenic heat exchanger operate at different temperatures based on the type of stream passing through a particular section. With special concern required, is the need for the removal, or Mercury deriming (or "defrosting"), of heavy hydrocarbons which precipitate, wax or freeze in small passageways of cryogenic equipment. Therefore, a need exists for improved equipment and methods to facilitate the removal, or de-riming, of precipitated heavy hydrocarbons, wax up or freeze in the passages of cryogenic equipment, such as cryogenic heat exchangers, control valves and other associated equipment. In this paper the Main Cryogenic Heat Exchanger, Mercury Removal Units, Mercury De-riming and Bypass Main Cryogenic Heat Exchanger De-riming is explained and discussed in order to analys the benefits of Bypassing Main Cryogenic Heat Exchanger De-riming.
Digitalization of Safety Lifecycle Compliance for Operational Excellence.
Authors: Kapadia Yusuf , Elliott Steve
Published: November 2018

Plant safety remains a number 1 Priority for all operating companies especially in the Oil & Gas segments, with many companies publishing goals of zero incidents or accidents. In very simple terms, it’s all about managing risk.

If you do it well, it leads to profit. If you don’t, then it can lead to losses.

Defining & Implementing performance monitoring & management systems to achieve the above-mentioned goals has been the primary focus of our industry and our efforts can broadly be divided in two distinct buckets. Occupational safety: Primarily can be summarised to include Protection of the Personal present near the hazard and therefore includes procedures for protecting personnel from trips, falls or handling hazardous materials, and working at heights.Functional safety: This arena arose from the need to avoid large-scale industrial disasters and involves the safeguards required to manage and mitigate hazards, assess possible consequences and risks, and determine a required level of protection. Today international standards such as IEC 61511, IEC 61508, ISA S84, and others are widely adopted and considered best practice in the industry. They provide a performance-based framework for the design, implementation, and operation/maintenance of automated safeguards, including safety instrumented systems (SIS) such as emergency shutdown systems (ESD), alarm functionality of the distributed control system (DCS), burner management systems, and other automation and control technology geared toward safe operations.

But regardless of how well-designed these safeguarding systems are, they can only ever be fully effective if operated and maintained according to their design criteria over the entire operational life of the plant. Growing awareness of this fact has given rise to a newer discipline of process safety management (PSM). Why pursue improvements in safety in addition to the fact that human life and health should be safeguarded at all times? Evidence is beginning to emerge that companies with good process safety realize significant direct cost benefits.
Novel Approaches to Sour Gas Treatment in Oil and Gas - Onshore and Offshore Facilities
Authors: Pollitt Iain , Conde Joao
Published: November 2018

The objective of this paper was to investigate novel approaches to sour gas treatment for use in the Middle East that are outside the common oil and gas market and compare them to more traditional techniques. The methods employed in this paper were based on one central tenet – delivering to the client a practicable, economical solution to producing from an extremely sour (> 40,000 ppm) gas field. The target H2S / SO2 emission limit of the system was 125 ppm / 300 mg/Nm3.

A gated process was used whereby the scope was split to include SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat) analysis between the Feasibility Analysis and Concept Select stages to narrow down what could viably be implemented onsite - whether subsea, offshore or onshore.

The procedure by which technologies were identified was to contact vendors from different sectors to find a suitable candidate for sweetening such a sour field. Initial observations were that the traditional crutch of offshore gas sweetening in the O&G sector – H2S scavengers, typically Triazine – were too inefficient for the volume of H2S.

Non-Regenerative and Regenerative adsorbents were also investigated. These were found to be low CAPEX but high OPEX and high CAPEX but reduced OPEX respectively due to the nature of the technologies. Both were found to be unsuitable on economic grounds.

Membranes were then approached as an offshore solution. Without the need for large chemical inventories, membranes were a promising candidate due to reduced risk. Unfortunately, the large contact area requirement was too much for the offshore platform.

Moving onshore, Claus units are the typical method of sulphate disposal. These were investigated alongside Liquid REDOX, Iron Chelate, Biological Processes and Modified Tail Gas Treatment Units (TGTU’s).

From these it was found that the Modified TGTU was economically viable, could be implemented onsite and tied in to existing infrastructure with minimal CAPEX or OPEX. The Modified TGTU process produced fertiliser from SO2, a saleable product which offset the cost of implementation and was more valuable than products from traditional Claus units.

The Modified TGTU unit was sourced from coal plants in Asia and had not been deployed for Oil and Gas use. By going outside our common areas, we found something that was a huge benefit to the client by providing a safe, clean operable and efficient method of gas sweetening.
Improved Acid Placement Modeling for Matrix Acidizing Optimization
Authors: Livescu Silviu , Vissotski Andrea , Chaudhary Saleem
Published: November 2018

Distributed temperature sensing (DTS) data interpretation has been extensively used in the last 10 years for improving acid placement for matrix acidizing operations. The DTS data are used for injection profiling during or after the acid and diverter are pumped into the reservoir. This study proposes an improved treatment schedule option for optimizing matrix stimulation operations with coiled tubing. In addition to the well-established DTS flow-profiling model, the capabilities of the new model include wormhole modeling, acid placement, and skin calculations.

Coiled tubing-enabled optical fiber systems are usually used for improving the acid placement during or after matrix acidizing operations. A new model is proposed for designing and optimizing the matrix acidizing treatments in carbonate formations before, during, or after those operations. Specifically, this matrix acidizing model can be used in the pre-planning stimulation stage, before the DTS data is acquired, or during the stimulation, together with or separately from the DTS data. The model can be used in horizontal, deviated, and vertical wells with open-hole or perforated completions. The model takes into account the reservoir data (i.e., permeability, porosity, skin, pressure, and temperature), well data (i.e., tubing and casing sizes, length, number of perforations, etc.), and pumping schedule. Based on the input data and the wellbore hydraulic model, the output consists of the distributed acid rate and volume, wormhole length, and skin factor reduction.

The DTS data from a synthetic matrix acidizing operation similar to one performed in an offshore carbonate field is used to validate the new model. An analysis of the results obtained for the previous and improved models is included, identifying the factors affecting the validation. Understanding these factors is crucial, because the new matrix acidizing model has the potential for use in the pre-planning stage with an enhanced acid placement schedule and can reduce operational costs by not using an optical fiber during the stimulation. In addition, the matrix acidizing model can be used during the matrix acidizing operations and can significantly reduce the acquisition time for the DTS data.
Think Big - Start Small in Asset Performance Management
Authors: Ferket Johan
Published: November 2018

Asset-intensive companies face tighter maintenance budgets, stricter regulations and increased pressure to improve asset performance, whilst confronted with aging assets and workforce. Managing an asset with these challenges requires informed decision-making based on insight, knowledge and forecasting. Data is a powerful tool to achieve this goal.

‘Internet of things’ innovations have led to a rapid increase in the availability of technical and business data. A few years ago, techniques that were complex and expensive are now more affordable, accessible and increasingly important in order to compete in this world of rapid change.

Field data is faster and immediately available for processing, while more relevant measurements and observations of similar or better quality are leading to more reliable information for decision-making.

The transition from data to information has been made possible through development in the usability of applications in the field of data science, and more advanced software and information systems are on the market for data analysis, diagnostics and simulation.
Hybrid Bit Technology: Transforming Tricone-Bit Drilling to New Levels
Authors: Al Hammadi Yousef , Al Harbi Ahmed , Hermawirawan Lutfi , Aboulkheir Adham , Akl Bassam , Amer Reem
Published: November 2018

This paper describes the step performance improvement of a 16’’ section in a UAE offshore application. Through close collaboration between directional drilling services, drill bits and operator, a 44% improvement in the section ROP from the field average was achieved. The novel solutions of bit and drive system and drilling practices which allowed for this improvement will be detailed in this paper.

A key contributor to this achievement was utilizing a new hybrid bit technology platform which incorporates the dual cutting mechanisms of both polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) and tricone bits. This allows for more efficient drilling through bringing together the improved ROP performance of a PDC bit and the reduced torque fluctuations of a tricone bit. Where initially drilled by tricone bits, the application posed potential for performance improvement, which was to be explored with this bit and BHA solution. Continuous optimization of drilling parameters was essential to minimizing the vibrations and improving the overall drilling efficiency.

As a result of the proposed bit and drive system solution and the considerations in execution, the 4900ft long section was drilled in a shoe to shoe run, from surface to Fiqa formation. The unique compatibility between the bit design and the drilling motor allowed for exceeding the intended performance KPI set by the operator. The directional objectives were met as the well was precisely steered between offset wells with critical proximity, where the minimum ellipse separation expected was as low as 1.2ft. The new bit design was seen to not compromise the directional steerability as may be of concern with a PDC bit with a motor. The ROP achieved on the section was a 44% improvement from the field average. Given this being the first run from this new hybrid bit platform, this application still holds potential for further improvements upon design changes based on learnings from the first run. The outcome ultimately would be to take the conventional tricone drilling of this 16’’ section to a complete other performance level.
Air Filtration - The Dark Horse of Gas Turbine Performance
Authors: Elsawy Shahin Abdel
Published: November 2018

Objectives/Scope

Enhancements the performance of Rotating Equipment in term of cost optimization by extending the MTBI and improving the efficiency is dynamic exercises and endless journey, so by utilizing the proven available latest technology to protect the gas turbines from fouling is the Operator major challenge.

The Air Inlet Filtration System is a very important auxiliary system protecting Gas Turbine (GT) internal components from air born contaminants at reasonable pressure drop (PD)

Methods, Procedures, Process

Enhancements the performance of Rotating Equipment in term of cost optimization by extending the MTBI and improving the efficiency is dynamic exercises and endless journey, so by utilizing the proven available latest technology to protect the gas turbines from fouling.

The Air Inlet Filtration System is a very important auxiliary system protecting Gas Turbine (GT) internal components from air born contaminants at reasonable pressure drop (PD)

Results, Observations, Conclusions

Turbine Inlet Air Filtration System utilizing "D-Fog + F9 Pulse Jet + HEPA-E12 Static Filter is a reality of improvement/Saving by actual readings from PI System of gas turbines leading to achieved the followings within filter service Life Time (Two Years) :

GTs filtration system upgrades are considered as standard for all Single Stage Self Cleaning Filtration as well as multistage Filtration system and as a good reference in case for other entities within ADNOC group of Companies to follow and achieve similar benefits as applicable for their Gas Turbines applications, since ADNOC -OPCOs have big fleets of Gas Turbines to gain all benefits mentioned.

Novel/Additive Information

The initiative of "Improving the Quality of Gas Turbine Inlet Air via upgrading the Filter Element to HEPA12/E12 class media type as a direct replacement to the installed (D-Fog + F8 Pulse Jet class + F9 Static) and upgraded to "D-Fog + F9 Pulse Jet + HEPA-E12 Static had been achieved
Drillstring Vibrations and Wellbore Quality: Where Drillstring Design Meets Geomechanics
Authors: AlBahrani Hussain , Al-Yami Abdullah
Published: November 2018

Wellbore quality might not always be the top priority from a drilling perspective due to the misconception that quality comes at the expense of drilling efficiency. This is indeed a misconception since a compromised wellbore quality, which can be defined as non-uniform wellbore shape due to the presence of enlargements and tight spots, is a sign of energy waste. The result of this is actually drilling inefficiency. It is proposed that drilling quality and efficiency come hand in hand provided that they are planned to be connected by two factors: drillstring design and geomechanics modelling. Drillstrings are designed to prevent mechanical failure and produce the highest possible ROP. Another aspect of the design is preventing vibrations and hole patterns. This work employs surface drilling parameters and geomechanics principles to correlate the drilled wellbore quality to the drillstring design.

Surface drilling parameters and bit wear grading reports are used as diagnostic tools to check for dissipated energy and string vibrations, where the dissipated energy can be either mechanical, hydraulic, or both. This is then cross-referenced with multi-arm caliper measurements to confirm the influence on wellbore quality. A geomechanics model is incorporated to filter out in-situ stresses induced breakouts from breakouts and hole patterns caused by interactions with the drillstring. The role played by the drillstring design on this whole process is explored. Finally, drillstring modifications are proposed based on geomechanics considerations.

The illustrated case shows a strong correlation between the shape of the wellbore, the spacing of the different bottomhole assembly components, and the formation mechanical properties. Another illustrated case, which utilized a modified drillstring design showed significant improvement in the wellbore quality. The results of the different cases confirm that incorporating geomechanical analysis in the process of drillstring design will help reconcile both of drilling quality and of efficiency.
Demarcating Sweet Spots in Cambay Shale by Integrating Rock Eval Pyrolysis, Geomechanics and Seismic Data
Authors: Sharma Vaishali , Sircar Anirbid
Published: November 2018

Unconventional shale oil/gas has been envisaged as one of the most promising resources of India. India is having enormous untapped shale oil/gas potential of 96 TCF risked technically recoverable shale gas and 3.8 billion barrel risked technically recoverable shale oil. But, its development is still nascent and not very much conducive due to insufficient data availability and limited exploration and exploitation activities. The present study is an attempt to minimize the existing data gap and providing useful information pertaining to shale geochemistry, sweet spots delineation, geomechanics and fracability. Shale has an important feature of acting as both source as well as reservoir for hydrocarbon generation, expulsion and accumulation. Demarcating sweet spots are helpful in identifying these prospective hydrocarbons bearing zones in shales and hence in locating favorable drilling targets. High content of organic matter, kerogen richness, clay content, shale geomechanics are the key parameters that affect sweet spots distribution in shale and so the generation of hydrocarbons. In the present work, a link from the hydrocarbon enriched zones (i.e. Sweet Spots) of Cambay Basin to its seismic attributes has been created and parameters like - thermal maturity, organic richness, kerogen typing, shale geomechanics, fracability and brittleness index of Cambay Shale are experimentally determined using characterization techniques - Rock Eval Pyrolysis, FTIR and Geomechanical Analysis. Sweet spots were identified in the deeper formation of Cambay Basin. The shale is thermally mature, organically rich and have good potential of hydrocarbon generation. However, from the fracability point of view, the selected section is geomechanically weak and may be unfavourable for advance stimulation.
Faster and Profitable Production Optimization Decisions through Workflow Automation and Business Process Management - A Unique Concept
Authors: Khan Muhammad Navaid , Al Neaimi Ahmed Khaleefa , Al Qamzi Abdullah , Ali Yusaf Shabbeer , Shimizu Yasushi , Asghar Ali , Felix Menchaca Tania
Published: November 2018

Operational efficiency improvement is a fundamental requirement and the continuous effort to achieve it is the inevitable need for any organization that targets profitable throughput in today's volatile market. Based on a study for a group of North American oilfields, in a typical mature oilfield, on an average 6% to 10% production deferments are caused by the process inefficiencies. Organizations continuously look for cost effective technologies that can facilitate implementing systematic operating procedures to maximize value of available resources and to provide a controlled environment for executing defined activities efficiently.

Business process management (BPM) is a technique that brings in a governance mechanism to the efficient execution of processes. It uses various methods to discover, model, analyze, measure, improve, optimize, and automate business process to generate and track improvement actions. A typical project implementation involves a holistic review of the existing processes, identifications of the bottlenecks, mapping of the stakeholders and developing definitions for efficient corrective actions that enable closing system gaps. Early engagement with the stakeholders and an insightful management of change (MOC) are the key requisites of assuring the successful process roll out.

Despite many industries, such as, medical and financial institutions, human capital management firms and logistics tracking system providers, have exploited the use of BPM and workflow automation to enhance their operation management capabilities, oil and gas industry still lags behind in capitalizing the benefits of this useful combination. This paper demonstrates the stepwise approach of implementing effective strategies, methods, and techniques to model and roll out collaborative solutions to help multi-disciplinary teams to execute business processes efficiently and consistently, whilst ensuring adherence to standards and agreed guidelines for maximizing efficiency and profitability. A real implementation case is presented, where a complex integrated production management and optimization system is managed leveraging workflow automation and BPM that has resulted in significant efficiency gain.
Stress Field Inversion from Advanced Geomechanics Modeling and its Application to Understand Fluid Flow Behavior in Fractured Environments
Authors: Noufal Abdelwahab , Obaid Khalid , Al Blooshi Abdulla , Basioni Mahmoud , Nehaid Hani , Guerra Julian , Liu Yaxin
Published: November 2018

The stress field is a complex variable that affects all drilling operations, completions and reservoir performance. From the three components of a non-rotated stress field, the maximum horizontal stress is the more difficult variable to model since cannot be directly measured and involves multiple unknowns. This study presents an advanced geomechanics modeling technique to estimate the most likely horizontal stresses by integrating advanced acoustic measurements, multi-well image interpretation and geomechanics back analysis.

The study was carried out in SR wells, a new development zone in the UAE, which targets the fractured and medium porosity reservoirs rocks of Late Permian formation. The estimation of the stress field is necessary not only for well planning but also to understand the occurrence of abundant drilling induced fractures that sometimes mask the natural ones. It will help also to propose location of possible fracture treatments while analyzing possible relationships between fluid flow and the presence of critically stressed fractures.

The horizontal stress field was inverted from advanced geomechanics modeling including the elimination of the gas effect, inversion of Shmax from 3-Shear moduli analysis in stress sensitive intervals, image interpretation for stress related and intrinsic features, determination of stress regime Q-factor from Integrated Stress Analysis (ISA) and performing a failure analysis to validate the stress field and calibrating the overall geomechanical model. The calculated maximum horizontal stress from 3-Shear moduli, ISA and failure analysis proved to be consistent in both SR wells, where the Normal stress regime agreed with current structural framework and local geology. The stress direction was also consistent among measurements, although some local stress rotations were observed in specific zones. High angle features such as drilling induced and natural fractures were also consistent with the modeled stress field, where the vertical stress is the maximum principal stress. Mud losses were mainly attributed to the presence of vugs, conductive seams and fracture corridors rather than induced fracturing.

The inverted stress field was finally used as input in the Completion Advisor and Fracture Stability workflows and then compared against PLT data in. The results show a good correlation between critically stressed fractures and well productivity in SR wells. The last could lead to optimize the completion strategy in future wells by selecting best intervals for perforating and stimulation based in this integrated approach.
An integrable Lorentz-breaking deformation of two-dimensional CFTs
Authors: Guica Monica
Published: November 2018

It has been recently shown that the deformation of an arbitrary
two-dimensional conformal field theory by the composite irrelevant
operator T \bar TTT‾,
built from the components of the stress tensor, is solvable; in
particular, the finite-size spectrum of the deformed theory can be
obtained from that of the original CFT through a universal formula. We
study a similarly universal, Lorentz-breaking deformation of
two-dimensional CFTs that possess a conserved
U(1)U(1)
current, JJ.
The deformation takes the schematic form J \bar TJT‾
and is interesting because it preserves an
SL(2,\mathbb{R}) \times U(1)SL(2,ℝ)×U(1)
subgroup of the original global conformal symmetries. For the case of a
purely (anti)chiral current, we find the finite-size spectrum of the
deformed theory and study its thermodynamic properties. We test our
predictions in a simple example involving deformed free fermions.
Clinical case discussion: treating severe pain syndrome with strong opioids in combination with nsaids in a cancer patient
Authors: Sarmanaeva R. R. , Abuzarova G. R.
Published: November 2018

Approaches to treating pain in cancer patients are individual in each case. However, there are general principals. Most often, physicians encounter difficulties when transfer patients from tramadol to more potent tertiary preparations of WHO Analgesic Ladder. The administration and titration of strong opioids to a dose that will ensure adequate pain control with minimal side effects is not an easy task. Here, the physician focuses on the pathogenesis of pain and takes into account the tolerability of drugs prescribed. Individual selection of adjuvants that can affect the cause of pain can reduce the rate of strong opioid dose escalation their side effects. However, what to do, if the use of effective adjuvants is limited? The article provides the discussion of these issues.
Modern aspects of antiangiogenic therapy in ovarian cancer
Authors: Rumyantsev A. A. , Pokataev I. A. , Tyulyandin S. A.
Published: November 2018

The process of angiogenesis is essential for the growth and spread of malignant tumours. Antiangiogenic therapy is deeply embedded in the standard treatment of disseminated ovarian cancer (OC). The numerous studies have demonstrated its efficacy in various stages of the therapy of this disease; bevacizumab is the best-investigated anti-angiogenic drug for OC. This article presents a review and analysis of the most significant studies of the efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy in ovarian cancer, and describes various aspects of its use in this disease.
Pazopanib in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Volkova M. I. , Olshanskaya A. S.
Published: November 2018

Pazopanib is an oral multitargeted tyrozine kinase inhibitor that is used in advanced renal cancer in most countries of the world. Pazopanib inhibits tyrosine kinase receptors involved in tumor angiogenesis and proliferation, including VEGF, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and stem cell growth factor receptor c-Kit, which leads to inhibiting angiogenesis, growth and proliferation of tumor cells. In clinical trials, pazopanib demonstrated improvement of progression-free survival (PFS) versus placebo in previously untreated patients and patients treated with cytokines, as well as the absence of worsening PFS versus sunitinib in the first-line therapy of clear cell RCC in the good- and intermediate prognosis groups. In addition, pazopanib demonstrated a better safety profile than sunitinib. The results of use of pazopanib in broad clinical practice are consistent with data from randomized trials that confirms the high efficacy combined with good tolerability of this drug even in patients who do not meet the generally accepted criteria for the inclusion in clinical trials.
EFFECT OF LASER IRRADIATION ON THE BIOLOGICAL BASES OF OBJECTS OF PLANT AND ANIMAL ORIGIN
Authors: Шульгина О. , Shulgina O. , Колесников Г. , Kolesnikov G. , Заостровных В. , Zaostrovnyh V. , Зайцев Г. , Zaitsev G.
Published: November 2018

This paper presents the results of scientific research carried out at Kemerovo State Agricultural Institute. The effect of laser irradiation on vegetable and cereal seeds during the seedbed period, as well as on eggs before their laying in an incubator was studied. An increase in crop yields and the productive qualities of poultry was revealed.
INFLUENCE OF RIVER POLLUTION ON THE BIODIVERSITY OF DRAGONFLIES (ODONATA) IN THE TOM’ RIVER BASIN
Authors: Дронзикова Марина , Dronzikova Marina
Published: November 2018

Some species are so sensitive to environmental changes that may serve as indicators, which defines their significance for a complex evaluation of ecosystem condition on the territory under study. The current research shows that separate species of dragon-flies (and the reofile species in particular) are very sensitive to pollution and can serve as the indicators of environment. The research was conducted mainly in the area around the cities of Novokuznetsk, Mezhdurechensk, Osynniky, Kiselevsk, Prokopyevsk and Tashtagol, where the Tom-river is contaminated with pollutants from industrial sewage. The authors made an attempt to analyze the odonatocomplexes of the water sources of the Tom’ River basin (the Tom, the Kondoma, the Aba, The Mrass-su) and register the chemical structure of the water. The results showed that the general odontocomplex of the Tom’ River basin consists of 6 kinds of rheophils. However, downstream from large industrial centers, there is a sharp decline in the number of species, almost to the point of complete disappearance at some rivers, which clearly correlates with the degree of water pollution.
Duszpasterstwo lotnictwa cywilnego. Wskazania pastoralno-kanoniczne
Authors: NECEL WOJCIECH
Published: November 2018

Omawiany dokument (Catholic Civil Aviation Pastoral Directives) jest wyrazem troski Kościoła o wiernych w ich konkretnych sytuacjach życiowych i zawodowych. Wskazania kanoniczno-duszpasterskie zawarte w Directives mają na celu określenie osób do których Duszpasterstwo Lotnictwa cywilnego jest skierowane, a Take  odpowiedzialnych za tego rodzaju posługę duszpasterska oraz wskazać konieczne struktury służące tej formie działalności apostolskiej. Według wytycznych istotnym elementem działalności duszpasterskiej tak na lotniskach krajowych jak i międzynarodowych jest otwarcie się na tych, do których ta  forma apostolatu jest kierowana, jak i na wszystkich potrzebujących pomocy a przebywających na terenie portu lotniczego.
Reforma papieskich instytucji do spraw komunikacji społecznej
Authors: KAMIŃSKI RAFAŁ
Published: November 2018

Wraz z pojawieniem się nowego środka przekazu jakim stał się film i upowszechnieniem się na świecie kinematografii, w Kościele wzrastała świadomość  i potrzeba zainteresowania się nowymi technologiami oraz stworzenia w ramach struktur Stolicy Apostolskiej instytucjonalnej ochrony wiernych przed szkodliwym wpływem niewłaściwych treści, a także w celu propagowania treści pożytecznych.W tym celu na przestrzeni lat tworzono specjalne instytucje, które w strukturach Kurii Rzymskiej zajmowały się wprost problematyką mediów. Początkowo zadanie to podejmowała Papieska Komisja, która przez kilkanaście lat podlegała ciągłym modyfikacjom (od 1948 roku do 1964 roku), natomiast od 1964 roku do roku 2015 mieliśmy do czynienia z działaniami Papieskiej Rady Środków Społecznego Przekazu.Ostatnim reformatorskim akcentem na tym polu, jest powołanie przez Papieża Franciszka 27 czerwca 2015 roku Sekretariatu do spraw Komunikacji. Podobnie jak poprzedzające go instytucje do spraw komunikacji społecznej, w dalszym ciągu ma on współpracować w dziedzinie środków komunikacji społecznej z Sekretariatem Stanu, jednocząc w sobie wszystkie instytucje medialne Stolicy Apostolskiej.
Komunia święta chorych i w niebezpieczeństwie śmierci w ustawodawstwie synodalnym Polski przedrozbiorowej
Authors: GRĘŹLIKOWSKI JANUSZ
Published: November 2018

Problematyka Komunii świętej chorych w ustawodawstwie synodalnym Polski przedrozbiorowej stanowi interesujący i ważny element życia religijnego i duszpasterskiego Kościoła tamtego okresu. Uchwały synodalne dostarczają bogatego materiału określającego i normującego tę dziedzinę życia sakramentalnego i religijnego wiernych. Prawodawcy synodalni ustanawiali i podawali szereg przepisów dotyczących nauczania i przygotowywania wiernych do życia eucharystycznego, ważnego i godnego udzielania oraz przyjmowania Eucharystii, troszczyli się o to, aby przyjmowali ją wierni chorzy i będący w niebezpieczeństwie śmierci. Wskazywali na trudności i problemy związane z życiem eucharystycznym i przyjmowaniem Komunii świętej, która miała kształtować życie i postawę chrześcijanina oraz być zabezpieczeniem na odejście z tego świata. Wymagania dotyczące życia eucharystycznego natrafiały nieraz na brak dobrej woli i akceptacji tak ze strony wiernych, jak i duszpasterzy. Toteż prawodawcy synodalni musieli kierować słowa nagany i odpowiednie zarządzenia dyscyplinarne i karne. Chrześcijanie bowiem w Polsce odznaczali się wprawdzie szczerą i żywiołową religijnością lecz w przestrzeganiu wymagań Kościoła co do życia eucharystycznego, wykazywali czasem dużo opieszałości i zaniedbania. Uchwały i zarządzenia synodów odbytych w Polsce przedrozbiorowej mocno zaważyły na życiu religijnym w Polsce, w tym na właściwym rozumieniu i podejściu do przyjmowania u udzielania Eucharystii, także wiernym chorym. Można powiedzieć, że ustawodawstwo synodalne Polski okresu przedrozbiorowego skutecznie zaradzało potrzebom Kościoła polskiego w życiu religijnym i eucharystycznym wiernych.
Wizytacja dziekańska w aspekcie kanoniczno – duszpasterskim
Authors: ADAMCZYK JERZY
Published: November 2018

Niniejszy artykuł poświęcony został wizytacji dziekańska w aspekcie kanoniczno - duszpasterskim. Najpierw ukazano wizytację dziekańską w aspekcie historycznym. Następnie przedstawiono pojęcie, naturę i obowiązek wizyty dziekańskiej. Końcowa cześć przedłożenia traktuje o przedmiocie wizytacji dziekańskiej w parafiach dekanatu.
Nieważność aktu prawnego dokonanego pod wpływem przymusu (kan. 125 § 1 KPK)
Authors: DZIERŻON GINTER
Published: November 2018

Z przeprowadzonych analiz nad treścią kan. 125 § 1 KPK wynika, iż pryncypium skodyfikowane w tej regulacji pochodzi z prawa naturalnego. „Ratio legis” tej zasady wynika z faktu, iż zastosowany przez sprawcę przymus sprzeciwia się pryncypialnej zasadzie miłości, godzi w godność osoby ludzkiej naruszając jej fundamentalne prawo do wolności decyzyjnej. Cechami charakterystycznymi mechanizmów ujętych w tej normie są: po pierwsze, działanie fizyczne skierowanie bezpośrednie na ciało ofiary; po drugie, brak możliwości podjęcia aktu ludzkiego; po trzecie, działanie zmierzające do kategorycznego ograniczenia wolności wyboru ofiary, czego skutkiem jest niezaistnienie aktu prawnego. Zdaniem autora, zasada określona w kan. 125 § 1 KPK jest oczywistością, dlatego nie widzi on potrzeby jej kodyfikacji. W jego przekonaniu, uczyniono to jednak ze względu na to, aby nie było wątpliwości do wyartykułowanych skutków jakie wywołuje przymus fizyczny w przypadku wystąpienia hipotezy określonej w tym kanonie.
Expediente
Authors: Lima Clovis Ricardo Montenegro de
Published: November 2018

Expediente
Cancer Biology Aspects of Computational Methods & Applications in Drug Discovery
Authors: Chien Shang-Tao , Kumar Ajay , Pandey Shifa , Yen Chung-Kun , Wang Shao-Yu , Wen Zhi-Hong , Kaushik Aman C. , Shiue Yow-Ling , Pan Cheng-Tang
Published: November 2018

Background:

Cancer is one of the most debilitating diseases worldwide; even though advances in
molecular and cellular biology have contributed to the decline of mortality associated with cancer, the procedure
of drug discovery and development of cancer are time-consuming and expensive. However, with computer-aided
drug discovery (CADD) techniques, pharmaceutical firms can save production costs and reduce the time of introducing
effective anticancer drugs for clinical trials. CADD strategies like structure-based drug designing, ligandbased
drug designing, and combined structure-based and ligand-based approaches also have the advantage of
identifying target sites and discovering active compounds with high affinity for the target sites. In this article,
research carried out on cancer biology aspect of the computational approaches in drug discovery technology have
been reviewed.

Objective:

The main objective of the study is to identify the potential causes and the development of the cancer.
In addition to this, its recovery has been discussed briefly.

Conclusion:

Our findings indicate that only a few studies have been carried out regarding this area. Hence, it is
recommended that further researches should be conducted on the computational methods for identifying candidate
drugs for breast, pancreatic, colon, prostate, and other types of cancer.
Machine Learning Methods in Precision Medicine Targeting Epigenetic Diseases
Authors: Fan Shijie , Chen Yu , Luo Cheng , Meng Fanwang
Published: November 2018

Background:

On a tide of big data, machine learning is coming to its day. Referring to huge amounts
of epigenetic data coming from biological experiments and clinic, machine learning can help in detecting epigenetic
features in genome, finding correlations between phenotypes and modifications in histone or genes, accelerating
the screen of lead compounds targeting epigenetics diseases and many other aspects around the study on
epigenetics, which consequently realizes the hope of precision medicine.

Methods:

In this minireview, we will focus on reviewing the fundamentals and applications of machine learning
methods which are regularly used in epigenetics filed and explain their features. Their advantages and disadvantages
will also be discussed.

Results:

Machine learning algorithms have accelerated studies in precision medicine targeting epigenetics diseases.

Conclusion:

In order to make full use of machine learning algorithms, one should get familiar with the pros and
cons of them, which will benefit from big data by choosing the most suitable method(s).
The Cytotoxicity and Synergistic Potential of Aspirin and Aspirin Analogues Towards Oesophageal and Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kilari Rajagopal S. , Bashir Asma’u I.J. , Devitt Andreue , Perry Christopher J. , Safrany Stephen T. , Nicholl Iain D.
Published: November 2018

Background:

Oesophageal cancer (OC) is a deadly cancer because of its aggressive nature with survival rates that have barely improved in decades. Epidemiologic studies have shown that low-dose daily intake of aspirin can decrease the incidence of OC.

Methods:

The toxicity of aspirin and aspirin derivatives to OC and a CRC cell line were investigated in the presence and absence of platins.

Results:

The data in this study show the effects of a number of aspirin analogues and aspirin on OC cell lines that originally presented as squamous cell carcinoma (SSC) and adenocarcinoma (ADC). The aspirin analogues fumaryldiaspirin (PN517) and the benzoylsalicylates (PN524, PN528 and PN529), were observed to be more toxic against the OC cell lines than aspirin. Both quantitative and qualitative apoptosis experiments reveal that these compounds largely induce apoptosis, although some necrosis was evident with PN528 and PN529. Failure to recover following the treatment with these analogues emphasized that these drugs are largely cytotoxic in nature. The OE21 (SSC) and OE33 (ADC) cell lines were more sensitive to the aspirin analogues compared to the Flo-1 cell line (ADC). A non-cancerous oesophageal primary cells NOK2101, was used to determine the specificity of the aspirin analogues and cytotoxicity assays revealed that analogues PN528 and PN529 were selectively toxic to cancer cell lines, whereas PN508, PN517 and PN524 also induced cell death in NOK2101. In combination index testing synergistic interactions of the most promising compounds, including aspirin, with cisplatin, oxaliplatin and carboplatin against the OE33 cell line and the SW480 colorectal cancer (CRC) cell line were investigated. Compounds PN517 and PN524, and to a lesser extent PN528, synergised with cisplatin against OE33 cells. Cisplatin and oxaliplatin synergised with aspirin and PN517 when tested against the SW480 cell line.

Conclusion:

These findings indicate the potential and limitations of aspirin and aspirin analogues as chemotherapeutic agents against OC and CRC when combined with platins.
The Impact of Translational Research in Breast Cancer Care: Can we Improve the Therapeutic Scenario?
Authors: Buono Giuseppe , Schettini Francesco , Perri Francesco , Arpino Grazia , Bianco Roberto , Criscitiello Carmen , De Placido Sabino , Giuliano Mario
Published: November 2018

Traditionally, breast cancer (BC) is divided into different subtypes defined by immunohistochemistry
(IHC) according to the expression of hormone receptors and overexpression/amplification of human epidermal
growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), with crucial therapeutic implications. In the last few years, the definition of
different BC molecular subgroups within the IHC-defined subtypes and the identification of the important role
that molecular heterogeneity can play in tumor progression and treatment resistance have inspired the search for
personalized therapeutic approaches. In this scenario, translational research represents a key strategy to apply
knowledge from cancer biology to the clinical setting, through the study of all the tumors “omics”, including
genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenomics, and metabolomics. Importantly, the introduction of
new high-throughput technologies, such as next generation sequencing (NGS) for the study of cancer genome
and transcriptome, greatly amplifies the potential and the applications of translational research in the oncology
field. Moreover, the introduction of new experimental approaches, such as liquid biopsy, as well as new-concept
clinical trials, such as biomarker-driven adaptive studies, may represent a turning point for BC translational
research.

It is likely that translational research will have in the near future a significant impact on BC care, especially by
giving us the possibility to dissect the complexity of tumor cell biology and develop new personalized treatment
strategies.
Peptide R18H from BRN2 Transcription Factor POU Domain Displays Antitumor Activity In Vitro and In Vivo and Induces Apoptosis in B16F10-Nex2 Cells
Authors: da Cunha Fernanda F.M. , Mugnol Katia C.U. , de Melo Filipe M. , Nascimento Marta V.S.Q. , de Azevedo Ricardo A. , Santos Raquel T.S. , Magalhães Jéssica A. , Miguel Danilo C. , Tada Dayane B. , Mortara Renato A. , Travassos Luiz R. , Arruda Denise C.
Published: November 2018

Background:

BRN2 transcription factor is associated with the development of malignant melanoma. The cytotoxic activities and cell death mechanism against B16F10-Nex2 cells were determined with synthetic peptide R18H derived from the POU domain of the BRN2 transcription factor.

Objective:

To determine the cell death mechanisms and in vivo activity of peptide R18H derived from the POU domain of the BRN2 transcription factor against B16F10-Nex2 cells.

Methods:

Cell viability was determined by the MTT method. C57Bl/6 mice were challenged with B16F10-Nex2 cells and treated with R18H. To identify the type of cell death, we used TUNEL assay, Annexin V and PI, Hoechst, DHE, and determination of caspase activation and cytochrome c release. Transmission electron microscopy was performed to verify morphological alterations after peptide treatment.

Results:

Peptide R18H displayed antitumor activity in the first hours of treatment and the EC50% was calculated for 2 and 24h, being 0.76 ± 0.045 mM and 0.559 ± 0.053 mM, respectively. After 24h apoptosis was evident, based on DNA degradation, chromatin condensation, increase of superoxide anion production, phosphatidylserine translocation, activation of caspases 3 and 8, and release of extracellular cytochrome c in B16F10-Nex2 cells. The peptide cytotoxic activity was not affected by necroptosis inhibitors and treated cells did not release LDH in the extracellular medium. Moreover, in vivo antitumor activity was observed following treatment with peptide R18H.

Conclusion:

Peptide R18H from BRN2 transcription factor induced apoptosis in B16F10-Nex2 and displayed antitumor activity in vivo.