bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of Weight-based Tube Voltage and Iodine Delivery Rate for
Coronary Artery CT Angiography
Authors: Wang Ying , Zhang Yan , Di Aihui , Wang Qizheng , Chen Yongye , Yuan Huishu , Lang Ning
Published: March 2024

Purpose::

The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of weight-based tube voltage and iodine delivery rate (IDR) for coronary artery CT
angiography (CCTA).

Methods::

A total of 193 patients (mean age: 58 ± 12 years) with suspected coronary heart disease indicated for CCTA between May and October 2022 were
prospectively enrolled. The subjects were divided into five groups according to body weight: < 60 kg, 60 – 69 kg, 70 – 79 kg, 80 – 89 kg, and ≥ 90
kg. The tube voltage and IDR settings of each group were as follows: 70 kVp/0.8 gI/s, 80 kVp/1.0 gI/s, 80 kVp/1.1 gI/s, 100 kVp/1.5 gI/s, and 100
kVp/1.5 gI/s, respectively. Objective image quality data included the CT value and standard deviation (noise) of the aortic root (AR), the proximal
left anterior descending branch (LAD), and the distal right coronary artery (RCA), as well as the signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio of
the LAD and RCA. Subjective image quality assessment was performed based on the 18-segment model. Contrast and radiation doses, as well as
effective dose (ED), were recorded. All continuous variables were compared using either the one-way ANOVA or the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum
test.

Results::

No significant differences were observed in all objective and subjective parameters of image quality between the groups (P > 0.05). However,
significant differences in contrast and radiation doses were observed (P < 0.05). The contrast doses across the weight groups were 27 mL, 35 mL,
38 mL, 53 mL, and 53 mL, respectively, while the ED were 1.567 (1.30, 2.197) mSv, 1.53 (1.373, 1.78) mSv, 2.113 (1.963, 2.256) mSv, 4.22
(3.771, 4.483) mSv, and 4.786 (4.339, 5.536) mSv, respectively.

Conclusion::

Weight-based tube voltage and IDR yielded consistently high image quality, and allowed for further reduction in contrast and radiation exposure
during CCTA for coronary artery diseases.
Resorptive Root Features in Mandibular Molars with Pronounced Root
Divergence on Panoramic Radiographs: A Case Series
Authors: Jeon Su-Jin , Yeom Han-Gyeol
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

The visualization and understanding of the details of the root configurations and root canal structure are essential prior to root canal treatment. This
study aimed to identify key indicators of pronounced root divergence between the distobuccal and distolingual roots in mandibular first molars by
highlighting common features observed in panoramic radiographs. These indicators can help predict the likelihood of encountering significant root
divergence before initiating endodontic treatment.

Case Presentation:

We present three cases in which panoramic radiographs displayed imaging features characteristic of root resorption in the distal root of the
mandibular first molars. However, subsequent periapical radiographs in case 1 and cone-beam computed tomography images in cases 2 and 3
revealed that the mandibular first molars were in normal condition, with pronounced root divergence but no evidence of root resorption.

Conclusion:

Panoramic radiographs depicting mandibular molar roots with a resorptive and unclear appearance may indicate the presence of severe root
divergence. In such cases, we strongly recommend additional cone-beam computed tomographic imaging to ensure precise diagnosis and facilitate
optimal treatment planning for endodontic procedures.
A Novel Machine-learning Model to Classify Schizophrenia Using Methylation Data Based on Gene Expression
Authors: Vijayakumar Karthikeyan A. , Cho Gwang-Won
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

The recent advancement in artificial intelligence has compelled medical
research to adapt the technologies. The abundance of molecular data and AI technology has helped
in explaining various diseases, even cancers. Schizophrenia is a complex neuropsychological disease
whose etiology is unknown. Several gene-wide association studies attempted to narrow down the
cause of the disease but did not successfully point out the mechanism behind the disease. There are
studies regarding the epigenetic changes in the schizophrenia disease condition, and a classification
machine-learning model has been trained using the blood methylation data.

Methods:

In this study, we have demonstrated a novel approach to elucidating the molecular cause
of the disease. We used a two-step machine-learning approach to determine the causal molecular
markers. By doing so, we developed classification models using both gene expression microarray
and methylation microarray data.

Results:

Our models, because of our novel approach, achieved good classification accuracy with the
available data size. We analyzed the important features, and they add up as evidence for the glutamate
hypothesis of schizophrenia.

Conclusion:

In this way, we have demonstrated explaining a disease through machine learning
models.
Research Progress of Risk Factors Associated with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Lin Zi-Jun , He Lian-Ping , Li Cui-Ping
Published: March 2024

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a common endocrine condition associated
with adverse pregnancy outcomes. In recent years, a growing number of risk factors associated
with gestational diabetes mellitus have been defined. GDM poses a serious threat to maternal
health. The etiology is complex and multifactorial and can be divided into inherent and modifiable
factors. The inherent factors have been described in other literature, while the modifiable
factors are mainly the risk of lifestyle habits. In this study, we performed a narrative review of
the progress of risk factors associated with gestational diabetes mellitus.
Evidence of Neutralizing Antibodies Indicating the Cure of Patients Infected
with COVID-19 Within one Month of Infection
Authors: Abdulateef Yasir M. , Ayad Zainab N. , Noaman Haitham , Fadhel Marwa F. , Taha Mahammad Z. , Rafeeq Fatima M. , Salih Ahmed Y.
Published: March 2024

Background:

During COVID-19 pandemic a major conflict facing the clinician
where to prove cure of the patients.

Aims:

The idea of confirming curability is based on clinical evaluation of the symptoms, laboratory investigations, and specific IgM, IgG anti-SARS-CoV2 antibodies.

Patients and Methods:

All patients had presented with clinical features of COVID-19 positive
PCR attended private clinic doctors consultant in internal medicine and infectious diseases, they
did investigations in Lagash land private medical laboratory in Baghdad investigated and
screened for COVID-19 by S. ferritin, D-dimer, Complete blood picture and LDH. All were
reevaluated in the first month of infection by clinical examination, retesting, and screening for
COVID-19 IgM IgG later to prove cure or evidence of viral infection in PCR negative cases.

Results:

All patients are of different ages with maximum years affected from adulthood till the
age of one hundred years. Male were 170(54.3%) patients and females were 143 (45.7%) total
313 patients (100%). Most are moderate socioeconomic status, with a significant number having
comorbidities.

Conclusion:

SARS COVID-19 IgM, IgG levels can be used to confirm a cure of the infection
Position Control of Electro-hydraulic Servo System Based on Repetitive
Control Strategy
Authors: Zhang Bing , Enyan Michael , Junsen Rao , Xinxing Zhang , Hongyu Liu
Published: March 2024

Background:

When performing repetitive work in an electro-hydraulic servo system,
the expected tracking signals are often periodic signals, such as trigonometric functions. For this
kind of electro-hydraulic servo system, repetitive control is one of the most ideal control strategies.

Objective:

The objective of this patent technology is to improve the position-tracking performance
of the electro-hydraulic servo system and minimize tracking errors by designing and implementing
a repetitive control strategy.

Methods:

The study models an electro-hydraulic servo system, designs a stabilizing controller, and
develops a plug-in repetitive controller to enhance EHSS tracking. The regeneration spectrum is
used as a stability criterion, and performance is evaluated using statistical metrics like Mean Square
Error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and standard deviation of the tracking error along
with tracking performance and steady-state error.

Results:

The developed controller, validated through simulation analysis and real-time experiments,
significantly reduces tracking error and enhances system position tracking accuracy,
demonstrating its effectiveness. For instance, the repetitive control strategy outperforms PID and
backstepping controllers at 30 mm with 0.5 Hz, achieving an error of 0.2 with an RMSE of 0.0924
and σ of 0.0878. Similar trends are observed at various test conditions, highlighting the consistent
and robust performance of the designed repetitive controller. Additionally, the designed repetitive
controller demonstrates an average improvement of 75.175% and 62.97% compared to the proportional-
integral-derivative and backstepping controllers, respectively.

Conclusion:

The designed controller provides technical support for position control of the electrohydraulic
servo system, achieves position control requirements, and significantly improves positioning
accuracy and response.
Descripción de los procesos ancestrales para el reconocimiento por el pueblo Arhuaco del fríjol biofortificado AGROSAVIA Rojo 43
Authors: Rozo Leguizamón Yanine , López López Antonio José , Izquierdo Cujar Yeimy Alejandra , Rochel Ortega Elizabeth , Gómez-Latorre Douglas Andrés , Tofiño Rivera Adriana Patricia
Published: March 2024

La economía del pueblo Arhuaco, uno de los cuatro pueblos ancestrales asentados en la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, gira en torno a la producción agropecuaria en comunidad, razón por la cual sus procesos de educación básica primaria y media privilegian asignaturas que promueven el trabajo en las huertas, entre las cuales el fríjol, como alimento tradicional y ceremonial, está presente. En el escenario de este pueblo en crecimiento, la producción de alimentos exige el desarrollo de nuevas herramientas didácticas que divulguen las técnicas y prácticas agropecuarias derivadas de los procesos de innovación tecnológica intercultural de Agrosavia. A través de esta cartilla didáctica se busca integrar la cosmovisión de los pueblos ancestrales en la gestión del conocimiento técnico, de tal forma que garantice la conservación de su identidad y su noción de territorio de vida. La hibridación tecnológica contenida en ese documento —fruto de armonizar los pensamientos tradicionales y agroecológicos—, se presenta a las comunidades Arhuaca y científica global, como herramienta fundamental para cuidar el entorno. También para enseñar al bonachi o hermano menor a reconocer que los humanos pertenecemos a la Madre Tierra y no al contario, convocatoria que los líderes espirituales hacen como guardianes del corazón del mundo.
Supportive Care Needs in Chinese, Vietnamese, and Korean Americans With Metastatic Cancer: Mixed Methods Protocol for the DAWN Study
Authors: Kim Jacqueline H J , Kagawa Singer Marjorie , Bang Lisa , Ko Amy , Nguyen Becky , Chen Stokes Sandy , Lu Qian , Stanton Annette L
Published: March 2024

Background

Asian Americans with metastatic cancer are an understudied population. The Describing Asian American Well-Being and Needs in Cancer (DAWN) Study was designed to understand the supportive care needs of Chinese-, Vietnamese-, and Korean-descent (CVK) patients with metastatic cancer.

Objective

This study aims to present the DAWN Study protocol involving a primarily qualitative, convergent, mixed methods study from multiple perspectives (patients or survivors, caregivers, and health care professionals).

Methods

CVK Americans diagnosed with solid-tumor metastatic cancer and their caregivers were recruited nationwide through various means (registries, community outreach newsletters, newspapers, radio advertisements, etc). Potentially eligible individuals were screened and consented on the web or through a phone interview. The study survey and interview for patients or survivors and caregivers were provided in English, traditional/simplified Chinese and Cantonese/Mandarin, Vietnamese, and Korean, and examined factors related to facing metastatic cancer, including quality of life, cultural values, coping, and cancer-related symptoms. Community-based organizations assisted in recruiting participants, developing and translating study materials, and connecting the team to individuals for conducting interviews in Asian languages. Health care professionals who have experience working with CVK patients or survivors with metastatic solid cancer were recruited through referrals from the DAWN Study community advisory board and were interviewed to understand unmet supportive care needs.

Results

Recruitment began in November 2020; data collection was completed in October 2022. A total of 66 patients or survivors, 13 caregivers, and 15 health care professionals completed all portions of the study. We completed data management in December 2023 and will submit results for patients or survivors and caregivers to publication outlets in 2024.

Conclusions

Future findings related to this protocol will describe and understand the supportive care needs of CVK patients or survivors with metastatic cancer and will help develop culturally appropriate psychosocial interventions that target known predictors of unmet supportive care needs in Chinese, Vietnamese, and Korean Americans with metastatic cancer.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/50032
Acceptability of a Self-Guided Lifestyle Intervention Among Young Men: Mixed Methods Analysis of Pilot Findings
Authors: Reading Jean Miki , Crane Melissa M , Guan Justin , Jackman Ronston , Thomson Maria D , LaRose Jessica Gokee
Published: March 2024

Background

Young men are vastly underrepresented in lifestyle interventions, suggesting a need to develop appealing yet effective interventions for this population.

Objective

This study aimed to determine the acceptability of a self-guided lifestyle intervention designed specifically for young men (age: 18-35 years old).

Methods

Semistructured interviews and surveys were completed by 14 men following completion of a remotely delivered, 12-week lifestyle intervention. The intervention included 1 virtual group session, digital tools, access to self-paced web- and mobile-based content, and 12 weekly health risk text messages. We quantitatively and qualitatively examined young men’s experiences with the intervention components of a remotely delivered, self-guided lifestyle intervention targeting weight loss. Data were integrated using convergent mixed methods analysis.

Results

Men were a mean age of 29.9 (SD 4.9) years with a mean BMI of 31.0 (SD 4.5) kg/m2. The self-guided aspect was not acceptable, and a majority preferred more check-ins. Participants expressed a desire for a social aspect in future lifestyle interventions. All men found the focus on health risks appealing. A majority of men found the study-issued, Bluetooth-enabled scale acceptable.

Conclusions

Acceptability of the self-guided lifestyle intervention was perceived as suboptimal by young men. The findings highlight the need to add intervention components that sustain motivation and provide additional social support for young men.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04267263; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04267263
Impact of Electronic Health Record Use on Cognitive Load and Burnout Among Clinicians: Narrative Review
Authors: Asgari Elham , Kaur Japsimar , Nuredini Gani , Balloch Jasmine , Taylor Andrew M , Sebire Neil , Robinson Robert , Peters Catherine , Sridharan Shankar , Pimenta Dominic
Published: March 2024

The cognitive load theory suggests that completing a task relies on the interplay between sensory input, working memory, and long-term memory. Cognitive overload occurs when the working memory’s limited capacity is exceeded due to excessive information processing. In health care, clinicians face increasing cognitive load as the complexity of patient care has risen, leading to potential burnout. Electronic health records (EHRs) have become a common feature in modern health care, offering improved access to data and the ability to provide better patient care. They have been added to the electronic ecosystem alongside emails and other resources, such as guidelines and literature searches. Concerns have arisen in recent years that despite many benefits, the use of EHRs may lead to cognitive overload, which can impact the performance and well-being of clinicians. We aimed to review the impact of EHR use on cognitive load and how it correlates with physician burnout. Additionally, we wanted to identify potential strategies recommended in the literature that could be implemented to decrease the cognitive burden associated with the use of EHRs, with the goal of reducing clinician burnout. Using a comprehensive literature review on the topic, we have explored the link between EHR use, cognitive load, and burnout among health care professionals. We have also noted key factors that can help reduce EHR-related cognitive load, which may help reduce clinician burnout. The research findings suggest that inadequate efforts to present large amounts of clinical data to users in a manner that allows the user to control the cognitive burden in the EHR and the complexity of the user interfaces, thus adding more “work” to tasks, can lead to cognitive overload and burnout; this calls for strategies to mitigate these effects. Several factors, such as the presentation of information in the EHR, the specialty, the health care setting, and the time spent completing documentation and navigating systems, can contribute to this excess cognitive load and result in burnout. Potential strategies to mitigate this might include improving user interfaces, streamlining information, and reducing documentation burden requirements for clinicians. New technologies may facilitate these strategies. The review highlights the importance of addressing cognitive overload as one of the unintended consequences of EHR adoption and potential strategies for mitigation, identifying gaps in the current literature that require further exploration.
Development of a Multiplatform Tool for the Prevention of Prevalent Mental Health Pathologies in Adults: Protocol for a Randomized Control Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Ramos Nadia , Besoain Felipe , Cancino Natalia , Gallardo Ismael , Albornoz Paula , Fresno Andres , Spencer Rosario , Schott Soledad , Núñez Daniel , Salgado Carolina , Campos Susana
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

The prevalence of depression and anxiety has increased in recent years, with many individuals having trouble accessing mental health support. Smartphones have become an integral part of modern life, with apps offering new ways to deliver evidence-based self-help strategies to cope with common mental health symptoms. However, most of them do not have empirical evidence of their overall effectiveness or the effectiveness of their components, which could pose a risk for users.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the modules of evaluation, psychoeducation, and emotional regulation strategies in a multiplatform self-help mental health mobile app in the Maule region of Chile.

METHODS

A sample of 196 adults will be selected, who will be randomly assigned to different components of the app for a fixed period to assess its ability to reduce symptomatology.

RESULTS

The trial is not yet recruiting and is expected to end in October 2024. The first results are expected in April 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first study in Chile to develop and test the effectiveness of a mobile app to manage anxiety and depression symptoms in adults. The intervention proposed is based on evidence suggesting that the internet or remote intervention tools and self-management of prevalent symptomatology could be the future of mental health care systems in the digital era. If the effects of the intervention are positive, wide implementation in Chile and other Spanish-speaking countries could be possible in the future.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/52324
Methodology for Measuring Intraoperative Blood Loss: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Dennin Lätitia , Kleeff Jörg , Klose Johannes , Ronellenfitsch Ulrich , Rebelo Artur
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

At present, there is no standardized method for measuring intraoperative blood loss. Rather, the current data on existing methods is very broad and opaque. In many cases, blood loss during surgery is estimated visually by the surgeon. However, it is known that this type of method is very prone to error. Therefore, better standardized methods are needed.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to conduct a scoping review to present the currently available methods for measuring intraoperative blood loss. This should help to capture the current status and map and summarize the available evidence for measuring blood loss to identify any gaps.

METHODS

We will use a state-of-the-art methodological framework. The databases PubMed (MEDLINE) and Cochrane Library will be searched using a search strategy based on the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcome) scheme. The search period will be limited to January 01, 2012, to December 31, 2023, and our search will be restricted to clinical trials or clinical studies, randomized controlled trials, and observational studies (in line with PubMed definition of study types). Only publications in English and German will be considered. The intention is to identify clinical studies that define “blood loss” as a target criterion or as a primary or secondary end point. EndNote (version 20.6; Clarivate) will be used for the screening process. The data will be collected and analyzed using Microsoft Excel (version 16.77.1).

RESULTS

The included studies will be listed in a database, and the following basic data will be extracted: title, year of publication, country, language, study type, surgical specialty, and type of procedure. The number of participants will be listed and the distribution of the participants will be documented in terms of gender and age. The following results are extracted: the type of measurement method used to measure blood loss in this study and whether the parameter “blood loss” was recorded as a primary or secondary outcome.

CONCLUSIONS

Currently, there is no comparable review, resulting in ambiguous data regarding the prevailing measurement methods for intraoperative blood loss. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview—from methods of measurement to various formulae for calculating blood loss—and to establish a status quo. This could then serve as a foundation for further studies.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/58022
A smartphone and wearable digital mental health tool to manage anger in adults who have experienced trauma: mixed methods pilot study (Preprint)
Authors: Metcalf Olivia , Pham Le , Lamb Karen E , Zaloumis Sophie , O'Donnell Meaghan , Qian Tianchen , Varker Tracey , Cowlishaw Sean , Forbes David
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Dysregulated anger, also known as problem anger, affects up to 30% of individuals who have experienced psychological trauma. Novel digital mental health tools leveraging wearable and smartphone data hold significant potential to treat a range of post-trauma mental health issues, but more research is needed into how feasible and acceptable these data sources are to build digital mental health tools driven by artificial intelligence/machine learning algorithms.

OBJECTIVE

Examine the acceptability and feasibility of using wearable and smartphone devices to monitor physiological and psychological outcomes among trauma-exposed adults with high levels of problem anger, to inform development of future AI/ML driven digital tools.

METHODS

Mixed methods study of feasibility and acceptability of using a commercial wearable and four ecological momentary assessment (EMA) prompts per day, for ten days. We also examined quantitative changes in heart rate variability, anger and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms among participants over the study period.

RESULTS

We recruited 98 participants (80% female; mean age 38 years). Quantitative and qualitative data revealed that regular EMA use combined with a wearable was feasible and acceptable in the sample. We observed reductions in problem anger ([CI 95% (-3.55, -2.18)]; p < 0.001) and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms ([CI 95% (-1.24, -0.08)]; p = 0.025) but no change in heart rate variability (p = 0.232) over the 10 days of monitoring. Qualitative findings suggested that by regularly checking in on their anger symptoms participants improved their self-awareness and ability to self-manage their mood. In addition, using the wearable helped them make a mind-body connection and notice the physiological signs of mood. However, despite the perceived value of the tool, the high level of data missingness has implications for future AI/ML driven digital tools.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings provide valuable pilot data around the use of ecological momentary approaches and wearables for building personalised digital mental health tools.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.1371/journal.pone.0278926
The Impact of An Interactive Website on Depression Help-seeking Intentions: A Cross-sectional Online Experiment (Preprint)
Authors: McKenzie Rachel Elizabeth , Feng Bo
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Mental health conditions, such as depression, pose a significant burden to those affected. Support from mental health professionals can help with treatment and coping with symptoms. There are, however, a number of barriers that prevent individuals from receiving the support they need, including a lack of knowledge of sources of support.

OBJECTIVE

This study examined the effectiveness of and the mechanisms through which message and modality interactivity features on a website about depression influence users’ intentions to seek professional help for depression. In addition, we examined interactivity’s relationship to central and peripheral processing by testing the moderating role of issue involvement, as well as the mediating roles of elaboration and absorption.

METHODS

A 2 (Message Interactivity: High/Low) x 2 (Modality Interactivity: High/Low) factorial experiment was conducted, where participants (n = 611) were asked to view an interactive website about depression and professional treatment options. Participants also answered a survey to determine their levels of elaboration and absorption while viewing the website, as well as their intentions to seek professional help if they were to experience symptoms of depression.

RESULTS

Message interactivity did not impact elaboration or intentions to seek professional help. High modality interactivity led to decreased absorption, and absorption fully mediated the relationship between modality interactivity and intentions to seek professional help. Elaboration was a significant, positive predictor of intentions. The interaction between message interactivity and modality interactivity did not have an impact on intentions to seek professional help.

CONCLUSIONS

Elaboration and absorption served as important mediators behind forming intentions to seek professional help for depression. Unexpectedly, modality interactivity had a negative effect on absorption, suggesting varying modality interactivity features may have differential impacts on cognition. The combination of message and modality interactivity features did not have an impact on intentions, demonstrating that including these types of message and modality interactivity features for aesthetic purposes or to peak viewers’ interest will not substantially hinder the persuasiveness of a message.
Validation of a novel framework to assess clinical information in digital health technologies: structural equation modelling (Preprint)
Authors: Fadahunsi Kayode Philip , Wark Petra A. , Mastellos Nikolaos , Neves Ana Luisa , Gallagher Joseph , Majeed Azeem , Car Josip
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Digital health is a critical driver of quality, safety, and efficiency in healthcare. However, poor quality of clinical information in Digital Health Technologies (DHTs) can compromise the quality and safety of care. The Clinical Information Quality (CLIQ) framework was developed as a pragmatic tool to assess the quality of clinical information in DHTs.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to assesses the applicability, internal consistency, and construct validity of the CLIQ framework.

METHODS

This study was conducted as a cross-sectional survey of healthcare professionals across the UK who regularly use SystmOne Electronic Health Records (EHRs). Participants were invited through emails and social media platforms. The CLIQ questionnaire, developed based on systemic review and international eDelphi study, was administered as an online survey. Spearman’s correlation coefficients were computed to investigate the linear relationship between the dimensions in the CLIQ framework. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were computed to assess the internal consistency of the global scale (i.e., CLIQ framework) and the sub-scales (i.e., the informativeness, availability and usability categories). Confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the extent to which the survey data supported the construct validity of the CLIQ framework.

RESULTS

A total of 109 healthcare professionals completed the survey, of which two-third (n = 67; 61.5%) were doctors and a quarter (n = 26; 23.9%) were nurses or advance nurse practitioner. Overall, the CLIQ dimensions had good quality scores except for portability which had a modest score. The inter-item correlations were all positive and not likely due to chance. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the overall CLIQ framework was 0.89 (95 CI%: 0.85 – 0.92). The confirmatory factor analysis provided a modest support for the construct validity of the CLIQ framework with the Comparative Fit Index (CFI) of 0.86 and Standardised Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) of 0.08.

CONCLUSIONS

The CLIQ framework demonstrated a high reliability and a modest construct validity. The CLIQ framework offers a pragmatic approach to assessing the quality of clinical information in DHTs and could be applied as part of information quality assurance systems in healthcare settings to improve quality of health information.
Challenges and Facilitation Approaches for the Participatory Design of AI-Based Clinical Decision Support Systems: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Rambach Tabea , Gleim Patricia , Mandelartz Sekina , Heizmann Carolin , Kunze Christophe , Kellmeyer Philipp
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

In the last few years, there has been an increasing interest in the development of artificial intelligence (AI)–based clinical decision support systems (CDSS). However, there are barriers to the successful implementation of such systems in practice, including the lack of acceptance of these systems. Participatory approaches aim to involve future users in designing applications such as CDSS to be more acceptable, feasible, and fundamentally more relevant for practice. The development of technologies based on AI, however, challenges the process of user involvement and related methods.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this review is to summarize and present the main approaches, methods, practices, and specific challenges for participatory research and development of AI-based decision support systems involving clinicians.

METHODS

This scoping review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute approach to scoping reviews. The search for eligible studies was conducted in the databases MEDLINE via PubMed; ACM Digital Library; Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health; and PsycInfo. The following search filters, adapted to each database, were used: Period January 01, 2012, to October 31, 2023, English and German studies only, abstract available. The scoping review will include studies that involve the development, piloting, implementation, and evaluation of AI-based CDSS (hybrid and data-driven AI approaches). Clinical staff must be involved in a participatory manner. Data retrieval will be accompanied by a manual gray literature search. Potential publications will then be exported into reference management software, and duplicates will be removed. Afterward, the obtained set of papers will be transferred into a systematic review management tool. All publications will be screened, extracted, and analyzed: title and abstract screening will be carried out by 2 independent reviewers. Disagreements will be resolved by involving a third reviewer. Data will be extracted using a data extraction tool prepared for the study.

RESULTS

This scoping review protocol was registered on March 11, 2023, at the Open Science Framework. The full-text screening had already started at that time. Of the 3,118 studies screened by title and abstract, 31 were included in the full-text screening. Data collection and analysis as well as manuscript preparation are planned for the second and third quarter of 2024. The manuscript should be submitted towards the end of 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

This review will describe the current state of knowledge on participatory development of AI-based decision support systems. The aim is to identify knowledge gaps and provide research impetus. It also aims to provide relevant information for policy makers and practitioners.

CLINICALTRIAL

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/58185
Effectiveness of Ayush Rasayana A and B on the Quality of Life of Older Adults: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Mundada Pallavi , Makhija Deepa , Mata Sunita , Kachare Kalpana , Manathottathil Aparna , Sharma Abha , Rao Bhogavalli Chandra Sekhara , Rana Rakesh , Tripathi Arunabh , Rana Kiran , Joshi Vandana , Raturi Ashish , Singh Anukampa , Srikanth N , Acharya Rabinarayan
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

With advancing age among older adults, the associated debilities increase, indicating a deteriorating health status as there is a gradual loss of muscle mass, strength, and functionality. Ayush Rasayana A and B are coded Ayurvedic medicines developed from herbal extracts. This study has been planned to prevent debilitating conditions and improve the quality of life (QOL) in older adults.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Ayush Rasayana A and B on the QOL, quality of sleep, and functionality of older adults, along with the tolerability of the intervention.

METHODS

This was a multicenter, open-label, cluster randomized controlled trial conducted with 720 participants aged 60 to 75 years. The participants were divided into 2 groups (intervention and control), with both receiving Ayurvedic ancillary treatment for 3 months. The intervention group additionally received 10 g of Ayush Rasayana A orally once daily at bedtime for 6 days, followed by 1.5 g of Ayush Rasayana B orally twice daily before food for the remaining 84 days. The assessment criteria included the Older People’s Quality of Life Questionnaire Brief, Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test, and shoulder and scapular movements. Any change in hematological and biochemical parameters and occurrence of treatment-emergent adverse events were also assessed during the study period.

RESULTS

The recruitment of the participants started in December 2023, and the final follow-up was completed in April 2024. Out of the total 720 enrolled participants, 686 (95.3%) completed the study up to the last follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

This study may provide evidence-based data to establish preventive treatment protocols for enhancing the QOL and functionality among older adults. The study results may also be helpful for the planning of interdisciplinary health policies for improving the health conditions of different populations

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/58186
Evaluation of Comparative Efficacy of Polyherbal Steam Inhalation Versus Polyherbal Nasal Fumigation (Dhoopana) in Children With Rhinitis (Pratishyaya): Protocol for an Open-Label Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Kakar Monika , Rathi Renu , Balakrishnan Deepthi , Rathi Bharat
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Rhinitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the nasal mucosa. It causes obstruction and congestion in the nasal cavity. Clinically, it resembles pratishyaya (rhinitis) in Ayurveda, which is caused by accumulation and downward movement of the tridoshas (3 elements, named vata, pitta, and kapha) in the nasal cavity. Rhinitis is one of the most common diseases among children. There is no role for antibiotics in rhinitis, and nasal decongestants have also not been found to be effective in its management. In Ayurveda, dhoopana (nasal fumigation) is mentioned in the pratishyaya treatment protocol. However, we have found no previous study regarding its efficacy. The efficacy of tulsi, vasa, nirgundi, and nilgiri is already proven when they are used for steam inhalation in respiratory tract infections. Therefore, in this study, a dhoopana of a polyherbal formulation containing tulsi, vasa, nirgundi, and nilgiri will be compared with the inhalation of steam containing arka (a liquid obtained by distillation) of tulsi, vasa, nirgundi, and nilgiri leaves in children with pratishyaya.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to evaluate the efficacy of polyherbal steam inhalation as a standard control against dhoopana in children aged 7 to 14 years with pratishyaya.

METHODS

A total of 70 participants fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected and distributed into 2 groups of 35 each. The intervention group received dhoopana and the control group received polyherbal steam inhalation, both twice daily for 7 days. The primary outcome measure was the change in Total Nasal Symptom Score and a modified cold spatula test. At the same time, the association between prakriti (body constitution) and the prevalence of pratishyaya in children was analyzed as a secondary outcome. Assessments were performed on days 3, 5, and 7, with a follow-up time of 28 days. Appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics will be used for data analysis.

RESULTS

As of November 2024, we have completed our enrollment of 70 patients, with 35 patients in each group. Data analysis will be completed by February 2025, and we expect results to be published in March 2025.

CONCLUSIONS

We anticipate that polyherbal nasal fumigation will be found to be equally as effective as polyherbal steam inhalation in the management of acute rhinitis in the pediatric population. This study may provide a standardized, herbal, safe, and cost-effective treatment for rhinitis in children in the form of dhoopana.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/58197
PREPARATION AND JUSTIFICATION OF NANOFIBRES-LOADED MAFENIDE USING ELECTROSPINNING TECHNIQUE TO CONTROL RELEASE
Authors: R. ATIYAH SADEQ , AL-EDRESI SARMAD
Published: March 2024

Objective: The primary objective was to fabricate a novel drug delivery system capable of providing a controlled and prolonged release of antibiotics.
Methods: The experimental design was formulated using Design-Expert® software (version 13), enabling systematic and efficient fabrication process optimization. The study involved the preparation of various nanofiber formulations with different ratios of the three polymers to assess their impact on drug release behavior. Mafenide, a widely used antibiotic, was chosen as the model drug for this investigation. The electrospinning process allowed for producing uniform and fine nanofibers with a high surface area, ensuring a large drug-loading capacity. The synthesized nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to evaluate their morphology, chemical interactions, and thermal properties. The drug release kinetics of the antibiotic-loaded nanofibers were studied under different physiological conditions to assess their sustained release behavior.
Results: The final nanofiber formula was successfully prepared using the electrospinning technique. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was achieved to confirm the possibility of chemical interaction and bond formation between mafenide and the polymers. Present. The SEM picture of the optimized nanofiber formula showed the homogeneity and excellent entanglement of the electrospun nanofibers at a resolution of 5 µm. PVA/chitosan/HPMC and mafenide pure drug have been successfully fabricated with sufficient strength to resist swelling after absorbing wound exudate. The polymer network becomes more compact when chitosan and Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC) are combined with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), enabling regulated swelling during solvent ingress. The polymer composite's three-dimensional network influenced how quickly the medication was released from the matrix. Sample 2's polymer network traps the medication, gradually releasing after controlled swelling, resulting in a sustained release profile compared to blank sample according to the cumulative release (%) study of mafenide loaded nanofiber and mafenide drug blank sample.
Conclusion: This research successfully demonstrated the fabrication of sustained-release antibiotic nanofibers using electrospinning and three biocompatible polymers. The systematic optimization approach using Design-Expert® software proved effective in tailoring the drug release behavior of nanofibers. The developed drug delivery system holds great promise for pharmaceutical applications, particularly in improving antibiotic therapies and patient care.
Lexical processing of children with dyslexia: An eye‐tracking adaptation of the Reicher‐ Wheeler task
Authors:   Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Zagreb, Matić Ana , Coumel Marion ,   University of Warwick, Coventry, UK, Palmović Marijan ,   Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Zagreb
Published: March 2024

The aim of the study is to determine the relative influence of phonological and lexical knowledge on lexical processing of children with dyslexia. It is part of research of the role of phonotactics in lexical knowledge and dyslexia. The Reicher-Wheeler paradigm (Reicher, 1969; Wheeler, 1970) was adapted, and phonotactic probabilities in words (W), pseudowords (PW) and non-words (NW) were manipulated in a lexical superiority task. Both offline measures and online eye movements were recorded and analysed. The findings are discussed within the Dual-Route Model framework. The results suggest that: 1) predictably, unimpaired readers outperform children with dyslexia; 2) both groups appear not to predominately rely on lexical knowledge, whereas phonological knowledge seems to help processing only for controls; 3) phonotactic probability manipulations seem not to affect overall performance. The preliminary findings imply that dyslexia affects reading in all orthographic contexts and add further support to the findings that PW processing is particularly impeded in dyslexia (e.g. Rack, Snowling, & Olson, 1992), despite the transparent orthography of the Croatian language. The study additionally highlights the importance of obtaining online measures in psycholinguistic studies with atypical population.
More artful methods: Techniques of narrative in argumentation
Authors:   Centre for Research in Reasoning, Argumentation, and Rhetoric, University of Windsor, Tindale Christopher
Published: March 2024

The title, and inspiration, for this talk is drawn from a confession of Daniel Dennett at the start of one of his books, in which he writes that in order to get people to think seriously about ideas he cannot use formal argument, because people will not be swayed by that. He has to use "more artful methods"; he has to "tell a story." The contrast between formal argument and story as methods of persuasion is suggestive and worth exploring. But in shifting attention on to the narrative as Dennett does, some interesting questions are encouraged: What is the persuasive nature of narrative? And how do narratives address audiences argumentatively? To provide responses to these questions, I take up some cases of narratives that have been used to persuasive effect. I then place these analyses within a larger project that has been occupying me: describing the nature and power of the cognitive environments in which we interact. This in turn allows me to discuss various devices with both narrative and argumentative import, like allusions and memes, the second of which was adopted by Dennett.
The ballad genre and its transformation in A. Galich’s song “Queen of the Mainland”
Authors: Markov Aleksandr V. , Golubkov Mikhail M.
Published: March 2024

The research aims to trace the functioning of the ballad as a polycode genre in the song poetry of A. Galich. Comparative historical and hermeneutic methods were used, as well as approaches developed to study polycode text. The results show that narrative strategies are typical of resonant poetry precisely in combination with deeply personal experience of the main character of the song lyrics. This determines the productivity of the ballad form. It is shown that in the lyrics of “The Queen of the Mainland” A. Galich relies precisely on the romantic poetic tradition. However, he also introduces realistic elements, which generally correspond to the trends in the development and transformation of the genre that emerged in the 19th century. The double motivation of the fantastic, which is not typical of the traditional ballad, refers to a similar technique in magical prose. Other laws of the genre are also violated: the mystical is deprived of concretization, the text has obvious didactic features, the vocabulary varies from sublime to sharply reduced, and the everyday level of narration contrasts with the metaphysical layer of reasoning. It is concluded that the realistic component forms the epic content of the ballad, while the romantic component, associated with the irrational, brings A. Galich thoughts to the ontological level and gives the work an underlined lyricism.
Visual aspects of online political communication in Belarus during the political crisis of 2020
Authors: Zuykina Kristina L.
Published: March 2024

An empirical study of the visual political communication via Telegram channels during the political crisis in Belarus in 2020 is introduced. The method of qualitative and quantitative content analysis was applied to 625 images and videos retrieved from competing Belarusian Telegram channels during two weeks before and after the election day of August 9, 2020. The results revealed both the general characteristics of the visual political communication in Belarusian Telegram sector and the way opposing political forces used visual content in the period under analysis. The pro-government channels maintained a value-oriented approach, engaging visuals to broadcast Belarusian values and state power symbols. Their visual content involved prominent public and political figures. The opposition channels applied visuals to denounce the authorities and their supporters, as well as to mobilize the opposition-minded Telegram users. They employed a greater variety of visual forms, relying mostly on user-generated content, e.g., live reports from protest sites. Visuals with protesting crowds, casualties, and opposition symbols were aimed at evoking a sense of involvement: they were meant to become triggers for transiting from online activism to actual offline protests.