bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PODRINJSKA MEDRESA U ZVORNIKU
Authors: Sulejmanovic Sefko
Published: March 2023

Radom su obuhvaćeni osnivanje, organizacija i funkcioniranje medresa u Bosni i Hercegovini, s posebnim osvrtom na karakteristike i ulogu medrese u Zvorniku. U historijskim izvorima i relevantnoj literaturi ova medresa pominje se pod nekoliko toponimskih naziva, kao što su: „Zvornička medresa“, „Podrinjska medresa“ i „Drinska medresa“. Kada je osnovana prva ovakva škola u Zvorniku i ko je bio njen ktitor, do danas nije pouzdano utvrđeno. Podrinjska medresa pripadala je rangu nižih medresa i vršila je svoju funkciju, s većim ili manjim prekidima, sve do 1946. godine. Do danas su sačuvani samo ruinirana zgrada medrese i nekoliko desetina knjiga i rukopisa koje su pripadale njenoj biblioteci. Bez dvojbe, Podrinjska medresa u Zvorniku imala je veoma važnu ulogu u vjerskoj edukaciji i duhovnom oblikovanju muslimana Zvornika i zvorničkoga kraja.
Determination of Nursing Sensitive Indicators for Intensive Care Units in Turkey: A Qualitative Study
Authors: ONER Beratiye , KARADAĞ Ayişe
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Assessment of the quality of health services continues to be one of the top research areas from past to present. The development of nursing-sensitive indicators is one of the critical elements in assessing the quality of nursing care. This study aims to determine the nursing-sensitive indicators for intensive care unit (ICU)s.

Methods: This research was conducted between May 2017 and October 2017 using a descriptive qualitative research phenomenological design. The research was assessed by the qualitative research paradigm based on Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ). Ethics committee approval of the study and written permissions from the selected hospitals were obtained. The research was performed with in-depth face-to-face interviews with 12 participants from three different hospitals and nursing education institutions through a semi-structured interview form. During the interviews, voice recordings were taken with prior permission, and the recordings obtained were deciphered word by word and evaluated with content analysis.

Results: As a result of the research, four main themes were created; the patient-focused outcome indicators, the nurse-focused outcome indicators, the nursing-focused process/intervention indicators, and the organizational-focused structural indicators. Under these main themes, nursing-sensitive indicators have been determined.

Conclusion: Nosocomial infections and pressure ulcers were the two-leading nursing-sensitive indicators. This research suggests developing policies and procedures for forming a national database specific to nursing, including nursing-sensitive indicators.
Reverse stock splits effects on the liquidity of European stocks
Authors: Antunes Francisco , Oliveira Célia
Published: March 2023

Purpose: It is common that firms listed at undesirably low prices perform reverse stock splits to increase prices while decreasing the number of shares outstanding. In addition to these impacts, it is important to understand whether this operation has any side effects on the liquidity, as this is a fundamental element for the proper functioning of the financial markets. Therefore, our main goal is to analyze the effect that reverse stock splits have on the liquidity of European stocks. Methodology: To analyze the effect on the liquidity of the 30 firms, members of the STOXX Europe 600 index, which performed the 35 reverse stock splits identified between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2019, we use the event study methodology and parametric and non-parametric tests. The analysis is done with a short-term (1 month) and a medium-term (6 months) event windows and to measure liquidity we use the turnover ratio and Liu’s (2006) LMx measure. Findings: In the short-term analysis, reverse stock splits contribute to increasing firms’ stock liquidity. In the medium-term analysis, it is not possible to draw a clear conclusion on the effects of reverse stock split on stock liquidity. Practical implications: The results have important implications for investors wishing to acquire shares in firms on the verge of executing this operation, as it clarifies the behavior of liquidity after the reverse stock split, which may influence their investment decision. They also contribute to helping the boards of directors of listed firms in the decision-making process. Originality/value: This work contributes to the financial literature on the relationship between reverse stock splits and liquidity, and to a better knowledge of European markets. Keywords: reverse stock splits, liquidity, Europe.
“Um passo adiante da minha solidão”
Authors: Abreu Fernanda Gontijo de Araújo
Published: March 2023

O artigo percorre passagens e paisagens do diário de Maura Lopes, Hospício é Deus (1965), extraindo-lhe uma reflexão sobre o sentido comunitário e, em contrapartida, de solidão e de certo exílio, deflagrada na escrita de diários. Mirando-nos nas teorizações de Michel Foucault (2004, 2006) e Myriam Ávila (2011, 2016), buscamos entrelaçar os signos da “passagem” e do “trânsito” – espaços historicamente privilegiados do louco – ao movimento diaspórico, fragmentário e viajante percebido na escrita dos diários. Nesse percurso, avaliaremos o projeto de sinceridade do diário de Maura Lopes Cançado segundo a função autoral que seu nome próprio assume nos limites de um incomum empreendimento literário, pois, ao passar do espaço da solidão e do exílio à escrita diarística, a autora de Hospício é Deus não deixa de projetar o esforço comunitário por anseio de inserção cultural.
Rebuilding Port Infrastructure Heritage in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Albanyan Danna
Published: March 2023

Transforming port infrastructure to meet the increasing demands of urbanization and modernization has been a contentious topic for decades, with push and pull between preserving historic structures and addressing sustainability, economic feasibility and tourism (Babalis 2018). This article takes an interdisciplinary view of these debates by exploring how restoring port infrastructure heritage can align key pillars of sustainable development: a strong local economy, water and sanitation, and social and cultural identity. An ongoing restoration project in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, serves as a case study of integrative approaches and strategic objectives implemented by project developers and government stakeholders. The project addresses the challenge of rebuilding sustainable and resilient port infrastructure while still preserving heritage and making room for modern urban developments. The approach presented potentially creates new arenas for water and heritage management in spaces that have experienced rapid urban change and commercial exploitation in ways that have affected historic port infrastructure and human well-being.
Feed resources availability, feeding system and feed balance of sheep in Arba Minch Zuria District of Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Bekele Esatu , Kechero Yisehak , Chebo Chencha
Published: March 2023

This study was carried to characterize available feed resource, feeding system and feed balance of sheep in Arba Minch Zuria District of Gamo zone, Southern Ethiopia. The district was selected based on its high potential for sheep production and urgent need of feed resource assessment for sheep production. Assuming there might be feed and feeding system variability across agro-ecologies (AEZ), the study district was stratified into three distinctive agro-ecologies, namely highland (HL), midland (ML) and lowland (LL). Following probability proportional to size sampling technique, a total of 138 households were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. In addition, a Focus Group Discussion with 12 households was conducted in each agro-ecology. The data obtained through these tools were analyzed using SPSS version 20. One-way variance analysis was used for the continuous data, whereas statistical variations in categorical data were tested using chi-square and t-test, with significantdifferences at P<0.05. The major reported available feed resources for sheep were pasture, crop residue and crop aftermath grazing in both wet and dry seasons. Feeding systems widely practiced in all AEZs were tethering, stall feeding and free grazing system in both dry and wet seasons. The dry matter (DM) production of feed from pasture, crop residues, crop aftermath, foliage of fodder trees and shrubs in the study area was 115,416.5 tons per year. The total feed DM requirement for 129,736.2 TLU was 295,928.27 tons per year. From the total tropical livestock units (TLU) of the district, sheep accounts about 2,925.5 TLU and requires 6673.1 tons of feed annually. The total DM produced per year in the district can only supply the animals for approximately 6 months; in the rest of the year, animals suffer from feed shortage. Therefore, introduction and use of best practices, conservation techniques and alternative feed production technologies are highly recommended.
Abundance and Foraging Ecology of the Black and White Colobus Monkey (Colobus guereza ssp. guereza) in Nech Sar National Park, Ethiopia
Authors: Chanie Solomon , Rovero Francesco , Willie Jacob
Published: March 2023

We estimated the abundance of Colobus guereza ssp. guereza in the moist evergreen riparian forest part of Nech Sar National Park, Ethiopia. The survey was conducted using the distance sampling method. Based on a preliminary study, 17 newly cut line transects were randomly aligned across the study area. The survey data were then collected for three consecutive months. Transects were walked once per month for 14-16 days. Abundance estimates were analyzed using the program 'DISTANCE'. The half-normal key function with cosine adjustment fitted our data sets best. Mean group density and mean animal density were 14 animals km-2 and 102 animals km-2, respectively, resulting in a mean estimated abundance of 2,153 animals distributed over thestudy area. The mean estimated group size was 7.24 with an estimated encounter rate of 1.72. Compared to similar studies from tropical forests in Africa, our population density estimates were intermediate between the mean values (100 to 168 animals km-2). We conclude that such intermediate density estimates reflect the fact that guerezas have suffered from human-induced reductions in habitat availability. We also suggest that the natural forest is still in a reasonable condition that likely provides them with sufficient food supply to compensate for such intermediate densities. However, a replication of this study would lead to a more comprehensive abundance estimate. We also recommend studies that would address the activity-time budget and populationdemographics of these monkeys. Nonetheless, our results provide a reference point for future studies in this area, particularly to assess population trends of C. g. guereza.
Preferences and Marketing of Afar Goats in Afar Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Yfter Kiros Aregay , Gebre Kabsa Tadel , Teweldemedhn Tesfay Gebreselama , Hagos Tsige Hailay , Tesfay Tikabo Gebremariam
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study was to assess preferences and marketing of Afar goats in Aba’ala, Afar region, Ethiopia. Data were collected using questionnaire and PRA tools from purposively selected 90 goat producers in the village and randomly selected 100 goat buyers in Aba’ala central market. The data were analyzed with the Wilcoxon signed rank test and MS-Excel. Ranking indices were used to cascade selected animals. Milk yield, coat colour and appearance were the most preferred traits by goat producers to select breeding does while fast growth, appearance and coat colour were for breeding bucks. In the market, buyers’ decision for purchasing breeding doe was influenced by the coat colour, overall appearance and age of the breeding doe. While body weight, coat colour and appearance were very important attributes for purchasing breeding buck. Market price was highly(P<0.01) affected by body weight of the marketed goat rather than coat colour. The market price of castrated buck had higher price compared to the breeding doe, female replacement, and male replacement. The most important production constraints were drought and feed scarcity. The current finding can be used to design interventions for productivity improvement of the goats and marketing system in the study area. Concerned bodies like  governmental and non-governmental organizations should conduct detail and broad investigation on the customer preferences and marketing system for development of viable Afar goat value chain.
Milk Production, Handling, Processing and Marketing Practices in Selected Districts in Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Bekele Esatu , Gobezie Eyayu , Tadesse Israel
Published: March 2023

This study was conducted in Segen Area Peoples Zone, Southern Ethiopia, to analyze milk production, handling, processing, and marketing techniques. A total of 204 people were chosen for the study using simple random sampling technique, and data were collected utilizing a semi-structured questionnaire. During the research, both primary and secondary data were gathered. SPSS version 20 software was used to analyze the data using descriptive statistics, chi square test, and analysis of variance. 85 percent of the 204 houses surveyed were male headed household while the remaining 15% were female headed. The respondents' average age was 43.8610.064 years. In the current study, the age of the respondents ranged from 23 to 80 years old. In theDerashe district, almost 36.5 percent of respondents washed their udders before and after milking, indicating that the importance of udder cleaning was higher than in other regions. The majority of those polled (83 percent) smoked milk handling equipment to improve the taste and flavor of milk and milk products, as well as to eradicate harmful bacteria and promote milk fermentation. To churn milk, 17 percent of respondents use a gourd while 43 percent use a clay pot. The primary limits discovered in the 69 percent, 3 percent, 7.5 percent, 2.5 percent, 8 percent, and 10 percent were shortage of feeds, scarcity of water, disease, lack of market and market information, poor infrastructure, absence of improved breed, and inadequate artificial insemination. Farmers' attitudes should be modified through training and other means, and powerful dairy cooperatives should be founded, mainly in rural regions, to improve milk and milk product handling procedures and reduce cultural barriers in milk marketing.
Improved Forage Crops Research and Development in Ethiopia: Major Achievements, Challenges and the Way Forward
Authors: Feyissa Fekede , Kebede Gezahagn , Geleti Diriba , Assefa Getnet , Mengistu Alemayehu
Published: March 2023

Feed shortage has been the persistent problem hampering livestock production and productivity in Ethiopia. The conventionally available feed resources (natural pasture and crop residues) are not only limited in quantity but also inferior in quality and cannot meet even the maintenance requirement of the country`s livestock resources. Hence, improvement in livestock production and productivity is unthinkable without intensification in feed production using other complementary feed resources in addition to the existing ones. Improved forage crops have untapped potential to resolve the feed shortage problem and lay down the basis for intensification of livestock production if properly promoted, adopted and utilized in the farming systems. This review paper provides an overview of improved/cultivated forage research and development efforts, important achievements, major constraints associated with forage development in the country and recommendations on the way forward.
Vision for the Future? The Contribution of the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia to the Profession
Authors: Lewis Ione
Published: March 2023

This article examines the identity of the profession, and the demographics of the national workforce of counsellors and psychotherapists in terms of their educational qualifications, age, professional experience, employment status, and geographical location, based on Australian Bureau of Statistics census data and four workforce studies. It provides context for and insight on the future direction of counselling and psychotherapy as a profession, including trends in service provision arising from advances in information and communication technology and time-poor client populations, and the need for PACFA’s training and ethical standards to keep pace in addressing new forms of education and practice enabled by technology.
In the Best Interests of the Child: Ethical Challenges for Counsellors and Psychotherapists
Authors: Hunter Sally V.
Published: March 2023

In their Code of Ethics, Early Childhood Australia [2] state ‘the protection and wellbeing of children is paramount, and therefore speaking out or taking action in the presence of unethical practice is an essential professional responsibility’. All clinicians would agree with this statement but, in the complex world in which we live and work, taking action in the best interests of the child is often easier said than done. This article reviews some of the recent literature and explores the main ethical dilemmas that arise for clinicians when working therapeutically with children, rather than working with families. These relate to competence, consent, confidentiality and competing interests (Koocher, 2008) and to child maltreatment. These ethical dilemmas are discussed in relation to a case scenario along with suggestions for professional conduct when working therapeutically with children and young people.
Research and Evaluation in Psychotherapy and Counselling
Authors: King Robert
Published: March 2023

This article has three aims. The first is to explain why research into psychotherapy and counselling is an imperative of contemporary practice and a responsibility for service providers and professional associations, and not just for universities. The second is to describe how service providers and professional associations can effectively collaborate with universities so as to best achieve their respective goals. The third is to identify and discuss some core research processes that service providers and professional associations will need to follow whether undertaking research alone or in collaboration with universities.
Internet Supported Psychological Interventions (ISPIs) and Mobile Phone Applications: A Literature Review and Proposed Model
Authors: Rossouw Pieter , Reddington Francesca
Published: March 2023

Internet Supported Psychological Interventions (ISPIs) and mobile phone applications are increasing in the modern mental health care environment, most commonly with anxiety and depressive disorders. These emerging e-mental health services offer increased public access to psychological services that maximise outcomes at reduced cost and therefore are increasingly being endorsed by policy makers, therapists and clients. This paper presents a literature review which shows that ISPIs have consistently demonstrated positive treatment effects and reductions in symptomatology for clients with a range of psychological and physical complaints. However, the issues of support, attrition, usability, and theoretical approach, all warrant further examination. Therefore, the formulation of a new model of mental health care that incorporates ISPIs into everyday practice settings represents an expedition into a new frontier for the brain-wise therapist. A new model of care is proposed in this article that utilises a “bottom-up” neuropsychotherapeutic approach to ISPI development. The model provides standardised homework modules as an adjunct to therapy with feedback to the consulting therapist. This new model of care aims to enhance facilitation and consolidation of neural pathways that promote wellness, down regulation of the limbic response and engagement with higher cortical areas throughout the therapeutic process, whilst providing for the basic needs (attachment, control, self-esteem and pleasure maximisation/distress avoidance) of the client
The Transition From Postgraduate Counselling Student to Working Counsellor: A Qualitative Investigation
Authors: Lamb Chris
Published: March 2023

With the demand for mental health services in Australia continuing to grow, it is imperative that tertiary trained counsellors continue to enter the profession; yet little is known about the factors that contribute to a successful entry. This qualitative, phenomenological study investigated the transition from postgraduate counselling student to working counsellor by exploring the lived experience of those who have made this transition within the last five years. By focusing on the transitional experience itself, the study aimed to provide useful information for stakeholders holding key roles in such transitions—specifically students, academic institutions, professional bodies, and employers of counsellors within Australia. While results suggest that many factors affected the transitional experience, students’ practicum placement played a disproportionately large role in determining their early career path. Other important factors included the background of the individual, their experiences while studying, and the professional support in place once they had started working. This study also identified that students’ expectations of what it might be like to work as a counsellor in private practice were not always aligned with lived experience. It is hoped that knowledge about what has been valuable to recently transitioned early career counsellors will be of ongoing benefit to all stakeholders.
Tree of Life: Acceptability and Feasibility With Older Bosnian Women of Refugee Background
Authors: Khawaja Nigar G. , Murray Kate , Sadeed Shaheeda
Published: March 2023

There is a growing awareness that mental health issues of culturally and linguistically diverse individuals from refugee backgrounds can benefit from therapeutic intervention to promote wellbeing. However, there are numerous barriers to services for these populations. There is increasing recognition that culturally sensitive and safe therapeutic and counselling models are needed, particularly for people less likely to engage with mental health services. Consequently, researchers have begun exploring psychosocial approaches, such as Tree of Life, a relatively new narrative-based intervention which uses creative and expressive tools to enhance personal strengths and resilience. This study used a qualitative methodology to assess the acceptability and feasibility of Tree of Life in a community setting with older Bosnian women from refugee backgrounds. Five women with a mean age of 72 years attended a 6-week intervention. They provided feedback at the end of each session and participated in a focus group after the intervention. Three participants were also interviewed following the intervention. Facilitators documented their observations and any issues with the intervention process. Qualitative data revealed Tree of Life as an acceptable and feasible intervention for this population and suitable for further testing. Further, participants reported that they found the approach beneficial. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Sharing Experiences and Positive Outcomes From Working as a Psychoanalytic Psychotherapist During COVID-19
Authors: Piercey Jude
Published: March 2023

In early 2020, COVID-19 began disrupting working life across the globe, with remote working and social distancing becoming the norm for many industries. This called for radical changes in psychotherapeutic practices in Australia and internationally, challenging the long-accepted face-to-face therapeutic model. COVID-19 also introduced new anxieties for patients and practitioners alike. In this paper, I draw on my own personal experiences and, through a series of case studies, explore how moving to remote working during COVID-19 actually provided unexpected and positive therapeutic outcomes. Firstly, I discuss how unexpectantly working remotely with a young girl in long-term psychotherapy helped her to return from her “psychic retreat”. Secondly, I look at how a father who was working remotely at home during COVID-19 was more available to his anorectic daughter. Thirdly, I describe how students who were undertaking infant observations were able to continue these intimate mother/caregiver and baby observations remotely, and how crucial these were to the observed family.
Anti-oppression Psychotherapy: An Emancipatory Integration of Intersectionality Into Psychotherapy
Authors: Timothy Roberta K. , Umana Garcia Mercedes
Published: March 2023

This article discusses how, in contrast to the field of social work, anti-oppressive practice has a relatively short history within the field of counselling, psychotherapy, and psychology. The article addresses the limitations in predominant approaches to counselling and psychotherapy and presents anti-oppression psychotherapy (AOP) as a model that integrates an anti-colonial, intersectional perspective. This article provides an overview of the context from which AOP emerges, along with foundational definitions, and a detailed explanation of the principles of the model.
Trauma Psychotherapy With People Involved in BDSM/kink: Five Common Misconceptions and Five Essential Clinical Skills
Authors: Ansara Y. Gavriel
Published: March 2023

Psychotherapists’ negative misconceptions about people involved or interested in BDSM/kink can result in unethical clinical practices and ineffective or harmful therapeutic outcomes. Five of psychotherapists’ common misconceptions about BDSM/kink are: that BDSM/kink relationships constitute a fringe relational style or “alternative lifestyle,” that BDSM/kink is inherently abusive and causes trauma, that involvement in BDSM/kink is caused by past trauma, that BDSM/kink relationships are inferior to or less meaningful than non-BDSM/kink relationships, and that BDSM/kink is not clinically relevant or appropriate to discuss in trauma therapy. This article challenges these five common misconceptions, discusses relevant research findings, and explains five of the essential clinical skills for trauma psychotherapists working with people interested or involved in BDSM/kink relationships and practices: understanding and identifying BDSM/kink relational roles and headspaces, distinguishing BDSM/kink from abuse, understanding and identifying key components of non-abusive BDSM/kink, determining the clinical salience of BDSM/kink, and identifying and managing freefall.
A Neuroscientific Perspective on the Therapeutic Alliance and How Talking Changes the Brain: Supporting a Common Factors Model of Psychotherapy
Authors: Hess Nicole
Published: March 2023

For decades, the efficacy and application of psychotherapeutic treatments has been informed and driven by a medical model of understanding. Within this framework, for a psychotherapeutic treatment to be classified as “empirically supported,” the therapeutic intervention alone must be demonstrated to be the mechanism responsible for change. With 85% of the psychotherapeutic outcome accounted for by non-specific factors (that do not include the type of therapy engaged in) this framework of understanding is seriously problematic and undermines the evidence-based efficacy of most psychotherapies. Research clearly identifies that interpersonal factors, including the therapeutic alliance, are robust predictors of successful outcomes in therapy and these findings are further supported by neuroscientific evidence. The current paper describes the neuro-correlates of psychotherapy and how these are operationalised through talking and the therapeutic alliance. Recommendations are presented in support of an integrative approach to psychotherapy that is guided by person-centred, idiographic considerations, yet underpinned by neuroscientific and evidence-based treatment protocols.
The Experiences and Needs of Carers During Mental Health Crises: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Shann Helen , Sheen Jade , Francis Delise , Pohl Jennifer
Published: March 2023

One in five Australians will experience a mental illness in any given 12 month period. With limited inpatient facilitates available, the majority of these episodes will be managed in the community, typically with the assistance of unpaid carers (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2008). This study explores carers’ experiences and their knowledge of the resources available to them when they are managing a mental health crisis. Qualitative information was used to supplement quantitative data. A convenience sample of 71 carers (87% females) aged 18 years and over was recruited from carer services in Victoria, Australia. Of the sample, 65% (95% confidence interval 53%-76%) felt that there is not enough support when the individual in their care has a mental health crisis. Carers wanted greater involvement in decision-making during crises, increased availability of Crisis Assessment and Treatment (CAT) services, and more resources for effective management of crises associated with substance abuse. Carers also emphasised the need for affordable education and counselling services to help them manage crises and support them between crises. This study provides psychotherapists and other health professionals insight into the difficulties faced by carers in the community, as well as effective ways to support carers.
The Threads of a Narrative: An Exploration of Identity
Authors: Ryan Grant Thomas
Published: March 2023

This theoretical paper begins by briefly exploring the structuralist and romantic ideas underpinning the modern concept of identity. The paper then attempts to shift away from this influence of modernity towards a post-modern view of identity through social constructionism. The paper continues by examining the role discourses and narratives play in the construction of identity through the use of the metaphor of interweaving threads and patchworks. The construction of identity is then further examined through positioning theory; identification, ideologies, and power. Finally, the influence of language on the construction of identity is addressed with specific reference to Jacques Derrida’s concepts of différance and deconstruction as well as their adaptation to therapeutic practices. The paper concludes that identity can be conceptualised as a metaphor of threads and patchworks that are relational and contextually dependent, and that it is through the use of discourses and narratives that identity is constructed.
Investigating What Victorian Certificate of Applied Learning Students Seek in a Counselling Service
Authors: Chow Emma , Dominic Miles-McCann Pol
Published: March 2023

Adolescents enrolled in community Victorian Certificate of Applied Learning (VCAL) programs frequently experience a wide range of serious life issues that can disrupt their educational experience, and these students may benefit from the application of counselling. The current study examines how organisations providing the VCAL can implement effective counselling services that will be utilised by students. At present, no existing studies examine what factors would encourage VCAL students to utilise a mental health service provided by their educational program. Data was collected through a web-based qualitative survey. Thematic analysis was applied to the survey responses, and the themes that emerged included interpersonal stress, desire for mutual respect in counselling, and that youth prefer to be autonomous. Participants expressed wanting counselling services which are accessible, flexible, support their own problem solving, and encourage a warm, respectful therapeutic relationship.
Changing Views of Theory and Practice in Counselling: Multiple Intelligences, Eclecticism and the Therapeutic Alliance
Authors: Pearson Mark , O'Brien Patrick
Published: March 2023

In the wake of the movement towards integrative and eclectic practice, and individually tailored treatments, in the field of counselling, the search for unifying theories continues. Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences (MI), only recently applied to the field of counselling, has a contribution to make in evolving a framework for eclecticism. MI theory may also have a particular contribution to make towards helping counsellors strengthen the therapeutic alliance and enhance flexibility in responding to clients’ needs. Gaining an understanding of clients’ preferred cognitive and communication styles, or ‘intelligences’, enhances an ability to tailor treatment. This article argues that practical ways to increase the strength of the therapeutic alliance, as well as new theoretical foundations for eclectic choices, could emerge through the application of MI theory in the form of expressive therapies / creative arts therapies.
The Identity of Counselling and Psychotherapy and the Quest for a Common Metatheory
Authors: O’Hara Denis , O'Hara E. Fiona
Published: March 2023

Counselling and psychotherapy has become an important part of the fabric of modern society and its contribution to health and well-being is significant. This said, counselling and psychotherapy is a discipline that is still searching for its own identity. Is it a science or an art? Should it sit within a medical model or a humanistic model of personhood? In a socio-political environment enamored of evidence-based demands, which theories of counselling and psychotherapy are most accepted? Is there a way of holding or integrating the good of all bona fide therapies in one overarching philosophy of practice? These are the questions that still need to be answered. This paper explores the underlying debates surrounding these concerns and proffers a solution in the form the non-dualistic metatheory of Critical Realism.
How Can Clinicians Work Effectively With E-Mental Health Resources?
Authors: King Robert
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this article is to stimulate thought among clinicians concerning the role of technology and in particular the Internet in provision of psychotherapy and counselling. The timing is influenced by the impending rollout of Commonwealth funded training for practitioners regarding the use of what will be called e-mental health (eMHPrac, 2014). I hope that this article will stimulate those readers not already familiar with the e-mental health services currently available to locate and explore one or more of these. Those readers who are already aware of e-mental health might find the discussion of how such resources can be utilized in routine practice helpful. I also hope that it will encourage practitioners to engage with training activities that will be available in the coming months and years.
Counselling and Psychotherapy: Professionalisation in the Australian Context
Authors: O’Hara Denis , O'Hara E. Fiona
Published: March 2023

Counsellors and psychotherapists contribute significantly to the mental health and well-being of communities around the world but have struggled to establish professional recognition more so than other mental health professionals. While the struggle for professional status has varied greatly in different jurisdictions, the Australian experience has been particularly challenging. This paper provides a rationale for recognising counselling and psychotherapy as a profession and identifies the key remaining structural hindrances to this outcome. In particular, the introduction of the Medicare Better Access Initiative and the approach taken to credentialing, among other factors, are identified as influential constraints on the profession. These issues are discussed and recommendations for moving the profession beyond these limitations are proposed.
How Can Psychology and Counselling Be Agents of Change for Aboriginal Australians?
Authors: Merritt Frankie
Published: March 2023

My PhD thesis is about decolonisation and empowerment; it is specifically about First Nations people claiming (or reclaiming) their autonomy. I explored concepts and their use with Aboriginal people and I chose one concept to focus on. The concept I chose to focus on was “resilience”. I chose this concept to help me address the issue of miscommunications, especially in regard to healthcare delivery with Indigenous Australians. By focusing on miscommunications – using a term like “resilience” – I hoped to play a role in helping to minimise the mistakes that are made due to assumed knowledge. For example, the assumed congruence of terms and concepts that is at play in healthcare interactions between Indigenous and non-indigenous clients and counsellors.
The Effectiveness of Body-Oriented Psychotherapy: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Bloch-Atefi Alexandra , Smith Julie
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this literature-based review was to review research into the effectiveness of body-oriented and somatic psychotherapies, both in international and Australian settings. A systematic review of internationally published research from the last five years and Australian research from the last 10 years was conducted using the Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Medline, PsycINFO and PubMed. Overall 19 effectiveness studies and 38 reviews met the inclusion criteria. Body-oriented psychotherapy interventions have been found to be effective in different populations and settings. However, in comparison with more established therapeutic modalities, body-oriented psychotherapy interventions require further empirical research to be deemed effective according to the American Psychiatric Association (APA) standards.
Book Review for Petra Bueskens (ed.) Mothering & Psychoanalysis. Clinical, Sociological and Feminist Perspectives
Authors: de Clifford Amanda
Published: March 2023

Between the routines and rituals of mothering I seek out Petra Bueskens’ collection of essays, reaching for its enigmatic cover that features a woman draped in newspaper text, bearing one breast, holding a glass of water in one hand and a leaf in the other, while birds flutter around her shoulders and pencils fire past her.[i] In Mothering & Psychoanalysis Bueskens collects twenty-three essays which together produce a lively dialogue about mothering from psychoanalytic, sociological and feminist perspectives.
Book Review for Morris Eagle’s Attachment and Psychoanalysis: Theory, Research and Clinical Implications (Guilford Press, 2013)
Authors: Meteyard John
Published: March 2023

As recently as 2001, well known attachment theory researcher and author, Peter Fonagy, noted that there has been a tradition of “bad blood” between the disciplines of psychoanalysis and attachment theory. This unfortunate feud appears to stem back to at least the early 1960s and the now famous dismissal of John Bowlby’s emerging views about infant-caregiver attachment by Anna Freud. As a result, until comparatively recently there has been surprisingly little interaction between the psychoanalytic and attachment theory movements despite their shared interest in the influence of early relationships on both typical and atypical human development.

It is this divide that pre-eminent psychoanalytic researcher and scholar, Morris Eagle, attempts to bridge in his 2013 text, Attachment and Psychoanalysis: Theory, Research and Clinical Implications, published by Guilford Press. As both a counsellor with a keen interest in psychodynamic approaches to therapy, and an educational psychologist whose Master’s degree included a significant focus on attachment theory, I found myself approaching Eagle’s work with considerable interest.
Book Review for James Morrison’s DSM-5 Made Easy: The Clinician’s Guide to Diagnosis
Authors: Hunter Sally V.
Published: March 2023

This review is written for those of you who believe that the DSM-5 has a place in your practice. I don’t intend to critique the DSM-5 itself or to reflect on the ways in which it is better or worse than the DSM-IV-TR. I want to focus on the usefulness or otherwise of this particular book.

I find this book very readable. Even though it is published in New York by The Guilford Press and written by James Morrison, an Affiliate Professor of Psychiatry from Portland, Oregon it remains suitable for the Australian or European reader. The stories that it tells are compassionately written and mostly seem to fit our mainstream cultural context well.
Book Review for Jon Frew and Michael D. Spiegler Contemporary Psychotherapies for a Diverse World (First Revised Edition)
Authors: Day Elizabeth
Published: March 2023

In this hefty textbook, running to over 600 pages after its first revision, Frew and Spiegler have managed to produce an excellent resource for students and practitioners curious about contemporary psychotherapy and counselling as they are practised in the USA. Aimed at graduate students in North America, the text comprises elucidations of the histories, theories and practices of 11 new and renewed approaches within contemporary psychotherapy.

The approaches are listed according to the chronology of their historical development, respectively: psychoanalytic therapy, Adlerian therapy, existential therapy, person-centered therapy, gestalt therapy, behaviourism (which gets two chapters: ‘Traditional Behaviour Therapy’ and ‘Cognitive-behavioural Therapy’), reality therapy, feminist therapy, family therapy, and narrative therapy.

This approach to organising the material provides a clear sense of the evolutions and revolutions in therapy in North America across the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. But it is not without contention.
Fine-Tuning Problems in Relational Psychoanalysis: New Directions in Theory and Praxis
Authors: Mills Jon
Published: March 2023

Relational approaches to contemporary psychoanalysis and psychotherapy have garnered international appeal for the way they apply to clinical practice across many mental health disciplines and population groups. Despite the recent success of the relational movement, theoretical fine-tuning problems still persist. Throughout this article I will revisit what I find to be the greatest theoretical challenges to relational perspectives requiring amendment and rectification: namely, the negation of biological drives, and the displacement of the unconscious. After championing the value of relational principles in the consulting room, I offer my own view of what constitutes effective praxis with regards to clinical theory and technique.
Who Can Call Herself a Mother?
Authors: McCarthy Anthony
Published: March 2023

Who can call herself a mother? Although this may seem to be a simple question and one to which there is a simple answer, in fact it is very often a complex question and one without a self-evident answer.

To say “I am a mother” is, for every woman, a profound life stage. Before she takes on this name, the word will always be heard with particular reference to the internalised image of her own mother and her sense of what a mother is. This will be based on her own experience of being mothered and also on the cultural meanings attached to motherhood and the position of women and motherhood generally in her society. But the image will always be of a duality, a mother and a baby. Therefore, in pregnancy, before there is a baby in the “outside world”, for her to begin to identify with this image of mother and to “know” she is becoming a mother, will be a deeply subjective process involving the imagination. It is this imagining of when and how she can call herself a mother that this paper will address
Counselling Psychology: Aesthetics as a Core Frame of Reference
Authors: Wills George H.
Published: March 2023

This article is a response to an assumption in Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) theory that core beliefs are central to the existence of client distress and to the mitigation of it. The paper contains an analysis of the verbal content of a demonstration of CBT therapy in Module 1 of a course, “CBT Fundamentals” provided by the Australian Psychological Society, and a case is made supporting the proposition that the methods that privilege the search for, and manipulation of, core beliefs is too parsimonious a way of explaining both the processes and outcomes of otherwise high quality therapy. An alternative view is canvassed to the effect that the aesthetic qualities present in the work of Nick, the therapist who demonstrated CBT, are what better account for the successful work. Meta-analyses of research, supposed to give evidence of the superior effectiveness of CBT, are also reviewed and contextualised. The concept of the aesthetic is then placed within philosophical and humanist-existential frameworks claimed to be used by humanist/existential counselling psychologists. Finally, researchable questions are suggested as ways of exploring and validating the claims made in this paper.

Public Health Significance: The paper provides a challenge to scientism embedded in the theory and practice of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. The challenge is the author’s way of highlighting the distancing that arises from objectification of client problems. It is also intended as a challenge to the scientism that presently pervades psychology as a discipline.
Age With ACT: A Pilot Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Group for Older Adults Receiving a Community Mental Health Service
Authors: Sadler Paul , Gardner Isabelle , Hart Sarah , Aradhye Shama , Nolan Julian
Published: March 2023

The aim of this pilot study was to assess whether an acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) group could benefit the mental health of older adults (aged 65–84) in a community psychiatric setting. Ten older adults participated in a 6-week pilot ACT group (M age = 72 years; seven women). All participants had a diagnosed chronic/recurrent major depressive disorder with a variety of comorbid psychiatric and medical conditions. Participants completed a battery of outcome measures to explore whether the program improved their mental health. Seven out of the 10 participants completed the ACT group pilot. These seven participants showed improvements on the battery of outcome measures from pre to post, including psychiatric symptom severity, mood, subjective health status, values progress, hopefulness, confidence, awareness, and social connectedness. This pilot study provides promising evidence that ACT groups could be a viable adjunct recovery option for older adults receiving community mental health services.
Exploring the Future Social Identity of a PhD Student Dealing With Anxiety: A Psychotherapy Client Study
Authors: Sarantakis Nicholas
Published: March 2023

This psychotherapy case study examines the brief therapeutic journey of a young woman presenting with academic anxiety and the flexible person-centred approach adopted by her therapist, the author. Application during therapy sessions of concepts from humanistic therapy and beyond, such as configurations of self and imagining future possible selves, enabled the client to unravel her anxiety and eventually discover the underlying tension existing between her internal versus external locus of self-evaluation and self-worth, leading her to contemplate her overall social identity and future life choices. The study aimed to stimulate in the client open reflection about how an internal dialogue between parts of the self may reveal underlying internal tensions and how envisaging possible future selves can help identify how self-criticism may be socially and culturally conditioned. This study, being a single-client study, was tailored for the specific therapeutic goals and personality of the client, and thus the generalisability of this therapeutic approach is limited. However, the study aims to shed light on how we may better support through psychotherapy and counselling students at elite universities with a working-class background, who commonly struggle to “fit in” to this environment and make sense of their changing present and future social identity.