bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
العوامل المؤثرة على قبول المعلمين بمدارس شمال جدة لاستخدام الفصول الافتراضية في ضوء النظرية الموحدة لقبول واستخدام التكنولوجيا (UTAUT)
Authors: الفراني لينا أحمد , المعلم بيان خالد , البلادي عهود عبيدالله
Published: May 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى قياس مدى قبول المعلمين لاستخدام تقنية الفصول الافتراضية، في ضوء النظرية الموحدة لقبول واستخدام التكنولوجيا (UTAUT)، وذلك من خلال استقصاء العوامل المؤثرة في استخدام المعلمين الفعلي لتقنية الفصول الافتراضية. استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي الكمي، وطبقت الاستبانة على عينة مكونة من 304 معلمًا، و463 معلمة من مكتب شمال في مدينة جدة. توصلت الدراسة إلى أن درجة قبول المعلمين للفصول الافتراضية حصل على متوسط كلي (4.02 من5) بدرجة قبول كبيرة، وعلى مستوى المجالات التالية: حصل الجهد المتوقَّع على أعلى متوسط (4.20 من 5)، ثم التأثير الاجتماعي (4.03)، ثم الأداء المتوقَّع (3.94)، ورابعا التسهيلات المتاحة (3.90)، وجميعها بدرجة قبول (كبيرة). كما أشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى أن العوامل الأربعة تؤثر تأثيرا إيجابيا في استخدام المعلمين للفصول الافتراضية بنسبة (63.3%)؛ فحصل الأداء المتوقَّع على أعلى نسبة تأثير (26.5%)، ثم الجهد المتوقَّع بنسبة (15.5%)، ثم التأثير الاجتماعي بنسبة (13.9%)، ورابعا التسهيلات المتاحة بنسبة (7.4%). وأيضا أشارت النتائج إلى وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين استجابات أفراد العينة حول محور التسهيلات المتاحة لصالح الذكور. ومتغير العمر لصالح أقل من 29 سنة، وبحسب متغير الخبرة لصالح من خبرتهم: 5 – 9 سنوات. واستنادا إلى النتائج أوصت الدراسة بعقد الدورات التدريبية للمعلمين؛ لتثقيفهم تِقَنِيًّا ومِهْنيًا في مجال التدريس باستخدام الفصول الافتراضية، وتحسين البنية التحتية؛ لضمان التوظيف الأفضل لتكنولوجيا الفصول الافتراضية.
واقع المهارات التقنية اللازمة لتنفيذ الأبحاث العلمية لدى متدربات الكلية التقنية للبنات بمدينة تبوك في المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: العمراني فاطمة سالم , الجهني أميرة معيتق , عسيري أمل أحمد
Published: May 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى الكشف عن درجة امتلاك متدربات كلية التقنية بمدينة تبوك المهارات التقنية اللازمة لتنفيذ الأبحاث العلمية، وتشخيص واقع اتجاهات متدربات كلية التقنية بمدينة تبوك نحو تنفيذ الأبحاث العلمية باستخدام التقنية والإنترنت، وتحديد المعوقات التي تواجه متدربات كلية التقنية بمدينة تبوك المتعلقة بالمهارات التقنية اللازمة لتنفيذ الأبحاث العلمية. اتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (78) متدربة، وتم الاعتماد على الاستبانة كأداة رئيسة. توصلت الدراسة إلى النتائج التالية: امتلاك متدربات الكلية التقنية للمهارات التقنية اللازمة لتنفيذ الأبحاث العلمية جاءت بدرجة كبيرة وبمتوسط حسابي (4.02 من 5) وبوزن نسبي (80.4%)، كما جاءت اتجاهات متدربات الكلية التقنية للمهارات التقنية بدرجة كبيرة وبمتوسط (4.12) وبوزن نسبي (82.5%)، وأن هناك درجة متوسطة من المعوقات التي تواجه المتدربات بالكلية التقنية والمتعلقة بتنفيذ الأبحاث العلمية، وبمتوسط (2.92) وبنسبة مئوية (58.4%)، وقد أوصت الدراسة بتوفير الدعم والتحفيز والتشجيع للمتدربات أثناء خوضهن تجربة البحث العلمي للمرة الأولى، وضرورة عقد دورات تدريبية وورش عمل تستهدف تطوير مهارات المتدربات لاستخدام الإنترنت والبرامج في إجراء البحوث العلمية.
دور الأستاذ الجامعي في تنمية القيم الجوهرية وتعزيز السلوك الإيجابي لطلاب المحاسبة التطبيقية بجامعة الملك خالد ومعوقاته من وجهة نظر الأساتذة
Authors: يعقوب منى عبدالرحمن
Published: May 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على دور الأستاذ الجامعي في تنمية القيم الجوهرية وتعزيز السلوك الإيجابي لطلاب برنامج المحاسبة التطبيقي بجامعة الملك خالد ومعوقاته من وجهة نظر الأساتذة، واعتمدت الدراسة على استخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي للوصول إلى نتائج الدراسة، وتمثلت الأداة في استبانة تم توزيعها على عينة بلغت (31) عضو هيئة تدريس، وتوصلت نتائج الدراسة إلى أن للأستاذ الجامعي دور كبير وهام في تنمية وتعزيز القيم الجوهرية والسلوك الإيجابي لطلاب برنامج المحاسبة التطبيقي؛ من خلال تطوير المناهج والمقررات الدراسية بمتوسط (4.65 من5) وفي تطبيق طرق واستراتيجيات تدريس فعالة بمتوسط (4.55) وكلاهما بتقدير دور (كبير جدا)، فيما توجد معوقات تحد من ممارسة الأساتذة لهذا الدور؛ بمتوسط (4.13) وبمستوى (كبير). كما أكدت نتائج الدراسة وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا عند مستوى (α≤0.05)؛ بين وجهات نظر عينة الدراسة في محاور الدراسة تبعا لمتغير (سنوات الخبرة) ولصالح من خبرتهم 15 سنة فأكثر وعدم وجود فروق تبعا لمتغيري (المؤهل الأكاديمي، التخصص العلمي)، وبناء على النتائج أوصت الباحثة بضرورة التحديد الواضح لدور الأستاذ الجامعي في تطوير المناهج والمقررات الدراسية لتنمية وتعزيز القيم الجوهرية والسلوك الإيجابي لطلاب.
السيطرة الدماغية وعلاقتها بتحمل الغموض المعرفي والتحصيل الدراسي لدى الطالبات الموهوبات والعاديات بالمرحلة الثانوية بمكة المكرمة
Authors: الزهراني إلهام مجحود
Published: May 2023

هدفت الدِّراسَة إلى كشف العلاقة بين السيطرة الدِّماغيَّة وتحمُّل الغُموض المعرفي والتحصيل الدراسي لدى الطالبات الموهوبات والعاديَّات بالمرحلة الثانويَّة بمكَّة المكرَّمة، باستخدام المنهج الوصفي الارتباطي المقارن، وطبق مقياسي السيطرة الدِّماغيَّة للزعبي (2017)، وتحمُّل الغُموض Budner (1962) على عينة عشوائيَّة طبقيَّة عددها (562)، وأشارت النتائج لسيطرة النمط الأيسر للطالبات العاديَّات، والمتكامل للموهوبات، ووجود مستوى متوسِّط من تحمُّل الغُموض لدى الطالبات، وبيَّنت النتائج وجود علاقة سالبة دالة إحصائيًّا بين النمط المتكامل وتحمُّل الغُموض، وعلاقة موجبة دالة إحصائيًّا بين النمط الأيسر وتحمُّل الغُموض، وعلاقة موجبة دالة إحصائيًّا بين النمط الأيسر والتحصيل. ووجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائيَّة في التحصيل لصالح الموهوبات، وأظهرت نتائج تحليل التباين الثلاثي فروق بين متوسِّط الاستجابات للنمط الأيمن يعزى لمتغيِّر التخصُّص لصالح التخصُّص الإنساني، وبحسب الفئة لصالح العاديَّات، وفروق في النمط الأيسر يعزى لمتغيِّر التخصُّص لصالح التخصُّص العلمي، وفروق في النمط المتكامل يُعزى لمتغيِّر الفئة لصالح الموهوبات، ووجود فروق بين متوسِّط الاستجابات لمقياس تحمُّل الغُموض تُعزى للتفاعل بين (الفئة، والتخصُّص) لصالح العاديَّات للتخصُّص الإنساني. بناء على النتائج توصي الباحثة بتصميم برامج تعليميَّة تُراعي أنماط السيطرة المخُتلفة وتُنشط وظائف الجانب غير المسيطر، كما تعمل على رفع مستويات تحمُّل الغُموض لدى الطالبات.
درجة استخدام معلمات التربية الخاصة بمكة المكرمة للألعاب التعليمية الإلكترونية كوسيط تعليمي ومعوقات استخدامها من وجهة نظرهن
Authors: الصبحي وعد جمعة رشيد , الشاعر عبدالله مشرف
Published: May 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى معرفة درجة استخدام معلمات التربية الخاصة بمكة المكرمة للألعاب التعليمية الإلكترونية ومعوقات استخدامها من وجهة نظرهن، واستخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وتمثلت الأداة في استبانة؛ تم توزيعها على عينة عمدية بلغ عددها (264) معلمة؛ ويمثلن (91%) من معلمات التربية الخاصة بمكة المكرمة وقد أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن درجة استخدام معلمات التربية الخاصة بمكة المكرمة للألعاب التعليمية الإلكترونية كوسيط تعليمي جاءت بمتوسط (4.27 من5) بدرجة (مرتفعة جدا) وأن هناك معوقات استخدامهن للألعاب التعليمية الإلكترونية كوسيط تعليمي جاءت بمتوسط (3.72 من5) بدرجة (مرتفعة)، وعدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة α≤0.05)) بين متوسطات تقديرات عينة الدراسة حول درجة استخدامهن النتائج أوصت الباحثة بضرورة العمل على تقليل العبء التدريسي لدى المعلمات، وتشجيعهن وتحفيزهن على استخدامها، كما اقترحت دراسات مكملة في الموضوع.
تصميم وتجريب وحدة تعليمية قائمة على المقاربة التكاملية بين مادتي الجغرافيا وعلوم الحياة والأرض، حالة: مستوى الجذع المشترك علوم بالمرحلة الثانوية التأهيلية المغربية
Authors: سللي عبدالعالي
Published: May 2023

يندرج هذا العمل ضمن الدراسات التي تروم تطوير المناهج الدراسية بالمدرسة المغربية، وذلك عبر تقديم نتائج دراسة ميدانية متعلقة بتصميم وتجريب وحدة تعليمية قائمة على المقاربة التكاملية بين مادتي الجغرافيا وعلوم الحياة والأرض، ترتكز على أجرأة مكون الامتدادات والتقاطعات بين برنامج المادتين بمستوى الجذع المشترك علوم. سعت الدراسة للإجابة عن السؤال الإشكالي التالي: ما مدى تأثير التدريس بالمقاربة التكاملية بين مادتي الجغرافيا وعلوم الحياة والأرض على مستوى التحصيل الدراسي لتلاميذ مستوى الجذع المشترك علوم؟ وذلك انطلاقا من الفرضية التالية: "إن من شأن تطبيق دروس في إطار وحدة تعليمية قائمة على المقاربة التكاملية بين مادتي الجغرافيا وعلوم الحياة والأرض أن تحقق فروقا دالة بين مكتسبات تلاميذ الجذع المشترك علوم". تبنت الدراسة المنهجين التجريبي والوصفي التحليلي، ووظفت الإحصاء الوصفي والاستدلالي، واعتمدت أداة الاختبار في التجريب بين المجموعتين الضابطة والتجريبية. خلصت الدراسة إلى تفوق المجموعة التجريبية على المجموعة الضابطة على مستوى نتائج التحصيل سواء بالنسبة للنتائج العامة أو النتائج التفصلية وعلى مستوى جميع مجالات التعلم. وهو ما سمح بالتقدم بمجموعة من الاقتراحات لأجرأة مكون الامتدادات والتقاطعات بين المواد الدراسية داخل المنهاج التعليمي المغربي.
Quantifying the Limits of Methane Activation in Cu-exchanged Zeolites using Reactive and Interpretable Machine Learning based Potentials
Authors: Guo Jiawei , Sours Tyler , Holton Sam , Sun Chenghan , Kulkarni Ambarish
Published: May 2023

Copper-based zeolites have been widely explored as promising catalysts for the methane valorization reaction to form methanol. These studies are motivated by the hope of finding an elusive ‘Goldilocks’ topology or an active site that shows high methanol selectivity at reasonable methane conversions. As large-scale screening studies with density functional theory (DFT) remain challenging for zeolite catalysts, we now show that a reactive and interpretable machine learning-based potential (rMLP), developed using multistage active learning algorithm and a curriculum-based training (CBT) approach can be used to overcome this bottleneck. Our rMLP approach replaces expensive DFT-based NEB calculations without appreciable accuracy loss. We calculate methane activation barriers for all possible [CuOCu]2+ sites across 52 zeolites with an MAE of 0.07 eV versus DFT. By comparing with known experimental measurements, our approach establishes the limits of methane activation performance across 52 zeolite topologies. Finally, we show that our curriculum-based training (CBT) approach, which relies on several different types of calculations, gradually “teaches” the model about different relevant parts of the PES. This progressive training approach has important implications for the interpretability of emerging machine learning-based approaches.
Insights into localization, energy ordering, and substituent effect in excited states of azobenzenes from coupled cluster calculations of nuclear spin-induced circular dichroism
Authors: Hvarregaard Andersen Josefine , Hättig Christof , Coriani Sonia , Stepanek Petr
Published: May 2023

Nuclear spin-induced circular dichroism (NSCD) is a molecular effect of differential absorption of left- and right-circularly polarized light due to nuclear spins in the molecule. In this work, new tools for its calculation are presented. Analytic expressions for the computation of the B_K term of NSCD have been derived and implemented for the second-order coupled cluster singles and doubles (CC2) model. NSCD results obtained thereby for three derivatives of azobenzenes have been compared with results from time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). The complementary information that could be obtained from NSCD measurements compared to NMR for these three species is discussed.
Long-term treatment of morphologically verified myocarditis: successes and probable errors. Case report
Authors: Blagova Olga V. , Alieva Indira N. , Kulikova Victoria A. , Nedostup Alexander V. , Kogan Evgeniya A. , Sedov Vsevolod P. , Parfenov Dmitry A. , Volovchenko Alexey N. , Sarkisova Natalia D.
Published: May 2023

Diagnosis and treatment of myocarditis can be challenging, including determining indications for heart transplantation. We present a 6-year medical history of a 54 years old patient with severe morphologically verified viral-negative lymphocytic myocarditis and systemic manifestations (onset of hemorrhagic vasculitis) combined with moderate coronary atherosclerosis, which regressed according to repeated coronary angiography. For 5 years, the patient received immunosuppressive therapy with methylprednisolone and azathioprine with a significant improvement. Repeated relapses of atrial fibrillation required correction of basic therapy and plasmapheresis. The disease was complicated by thyrotoxicosis and multi-organ dysfunction; the autopsy showed persistent myocarditis activity. The myocarditis is a chronic condition and requires a review of the treatment strategy at each stage.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease: features of perfusion volume computed tomography of the heart in a pharmacological test with adenosine triphosphate
Authors: Soboleva Galina N. , Minasyan Arevik A. , Gaman Svetlana A. , Rogoza Anatoly N. , Molina Liudmila P. , Soboleva Tatiana V. , Shariya Merab A. , Ternovoy Sergey K. , Karpov Yuri A.
Published: May 2023

Aim. To study myocardial perfusion in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) using volumetric computed tomography (VCT) of the heart with a pharmacological test with adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Materials and methods. The study included 93 patients, of which 18 had CAD with DM, and 50 had CAD without DM. All patients underwent one of the stress tests, cardiac VCT with ATP test, invasive coronary angiography, or CT coronary angiography. Left ventricle (LV) myocardial perfusion was evaluated for hypoperfusion zones and the calculation of semi-quantitative indices: decrease of LV myocardial density, LV myocardial perfusion index, transmural perfusion coefficient, and our proposed new indicator myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR).
Results. The MPR index value in the hypoperfusion zones in patients with CAD and DM was 0.64 [0.620.66], in patients with CAD without diabetes 0.65 [0.630.66]; p=0.4; the value of the transmural perfusion coefficient in the areas of abnormal LV myocardial perfusion in patients with CAD and DM was 0.81 [0.800.86] versus 0.83 [0.800.85] in patients with CAD without DM (p=0.6). More hypoperfusion segments were observed in patients with CAD and DM (33.3%) compared to those without DM (14%; p=0.029). The MPR index in the hypoperfusion zones in patients with CAD with intact coronary arteries (CA) and DM was 0.56 [0.540.60] versus 0.55 [0.540.62] in patients with CAD with intact CA without DM; p=0.2.
Conclusion. In patients with CAD and type 2 DM, according to the VCT with ATP test, more foci hypoperfusion areas were detected, regardless of the severity of coronary artery involvement, compared with patients with CAD without DM, which may be due to the microangiopathy in the myocardium. The similarity of the MPR parameters in the hypoperfusion zones associated with hemodynamic stenosis of the CA and with intact CAs indicates the ischemic genesis of these zones.
For citation: Soboleva GN, Minasyan AA, Gaman SA, Rogoza AN, Molina LP, Soboleva TV, Shariya MA, Ternovoy SK, Karpov YuA. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease: features of perfusion volume computed tomography of the heart in a pharmacological test with adenosine triphosphate. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2023;95(4):309315. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2023.04.202158
COVID-19 PANDEMİ SÜRECİNDE İNTİHAR: VAKA İNCELEMELERİ
Authors: CANSIZ KÖSESOY Berra , ŞAHİN Musa
Published: May 2023

Covid-19 pandemi süreci ve intihar ilişkisini konu alan bu makale; salgının yol açtığı biyo-psiko-sosyal süreçlerin intihar davranışının görülme riskini arttırıcı özellikte olduğu hipotezinden yola çıkılarak üretilmiştir. Makalede 1 Ağustos - 31 Ekim 2021 tarihleri arasında intihar davranışı neticesinde Elazığ Fırat Üniversitesi Hastanesine başvuran olgular içerisinde yer alan ve intihar davranışına neden olan problemlerin ilgililer tarafından covid-19 pandemisi ile ilişkilendirildiği 4 intihar girişimi vakasının; salgın süreci ve intihar arasındaki ilişki açısından analiz edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Nitel olarak tasarlanan bu araştırmada, amaçlı örnekleme tekniği kullanılmıştır. İlgili vakalar ve yakınları ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formları kullanılarak görüşülmüştür. İncelen 4 vakada, covid-19 pandemisine bağlı olarak yaşanan iş ve gelir kayıplarının, örgün eğitime devam edilmesine engel oluşturan tedbirlerin, hastalıktan korunmak için kitle iletişim araçları ve otoritelerce sıklıkla tavsiye edilen önlemlerin ve son olarak karantina ve izolasyon süreçleri neticesinde azalan sosyal destek kaynaklarının intihar davranışı açısından yordayıcı etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu araştırma dönemsel olarak salgın süreçlerinde, intiharın görülme sıklığının artacağının öngörülerek özellikle incinebilir nüfus grupları açısından koruyucu önleyici tedbirlerin alınmasının gerekliliğini ortaya koymaktadır. Türkçe literatürde intihar ve covid-19 pandemisi arasındaki ilişkiyi ele alan çalışmalar sıklıkla derleme şeklinde tasarlandığından; bu çalışma vaka incelemelerine yer vererek pandeminin neden olduğu çok boyutlu sorunlara dikkat çekmesi ve konuyu sosyal hizmet bakış açısı ile ele alması açısından önem arz etmektedir.
PARENTS' VIEWS OF THE EFFECT OF COVID-19 ON INDIVIDUALS WİTH SPECIAL NEEDS: THE CASE OF TURKEY
Authors: ŞENGÜL ERDEM Hatice , SELİMOĞLU Halil , FAZLIOĞLU Yeşim , AKYÜREK Sevgi Melis
Published: May 2023

This study investigates the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of individuals with special needs. In the research carried out with phenomenological research design, data were obtained online from 121 parents with children with special needs and live in 14 different cities in Turkey by means of an interview form consisting of open-ended questions developed by researchers. From the content analysis of the data, 8 themes have been reached, namely, education, health, social life, behavioral-emotional adaptation, physical condition, family communication, indoor activities and social supports and needs. According to the findings, parents stated most that during the pandemic process, social lives of children with special needs were restricted and their daily routines were disturbed, they could not benefit efficiently from distance learning, their behavioral problems such as tantrums and harming themselves and others increased, negative physical situations emerged like weight gain / loss and sleep disorders and stress increased in family communication. Parents indicated that they could do indoor activities with their children and that they do not have difficulties in accessing health services for their children. The majority of the parents stated that they needed psychological counseling, distance education services, financial support and also that they received the greatest support from their family members and teachers.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARTICIPATION TO RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES AND THE SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING: AN APPLICATION ON ACADEMICIANS
Authors: KAN SÖNMEZ Neslihan
Published: May 2023

In this study, it was aimed to determine the relationship between the participation levels of academicians in recreational activities and their subjective well-being. A questionnaire was used as a data collection technique in the study and applied to a total of 393 academicians from Harran University, Afyon Kocatepe University and Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University. In the analysis of the obtained data, in addition to descriptive statistics, t test, analysis of variance and correlation analysis were used. According to the results of the research, singles, young people and research assistants participate in recreational activities at a higher level. However, the subjective well-being levels of women, young people, research assistants and those with low seniority were found to be higher. In the study, a positive, moderate and significant relationship (r=0.402) was found between the levels of participation in recreational activities in general and general subjective well-being. On the other hand, it was determined that the subjective well-being dimensions most affected by recreational activities were "friend relationships" (r=0.498), "activities of interest" (r=0.455) and "family relationships" (r=0.443), respectively. In addition, it was found that the recreational activities that most affected subjective well-being were "cultural activities" (r=0.471).
FRANSA’DA YAŞAYAN GÖÇMEN TÜRK KADIN İŞGÜCÜNÜN, İŞGÜCÜ PİYASALARINA ENTEGRASYON SÜRECİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: GÜRÜN KARATEPE Seçil , DİNLER KISAÇTUTAN Elvin
Published: May 2023

Göç insanların bir yerden başka bir yere ekonomik, toplumsal ve siyasi nedenlerden dolayı gönüllü ya da zorunlu şekilde yer değiştirme hareketi olarak ifade edilebilmektedir. Göçün birçok sebebi ve bu sebeplere bağlı olarak sonuçları bulunmaktadır. Göç, içerisinde iyi bir yaşam ya da iş olanaklarını beraberinde getirirken dil problemi, uyumsuzluk ve ötekileşme gibi çatışmaları da doğurmaktadır. Göç olgusu göç alan ülkelerin de çeşitli sorunlarla karşılaşmasına neden olmaktadır. Günümüzde göç sadece erkeklerin değil kadınlarında sürece aktif katılımıyla göç ettikleri ülkede entegrasyon problemi yaratmaktadır. Nüfusta göçmen sorunu, göç hareketinde daha çok erkeklerin baskın olduğu görüşüyle erkek nüfusun sorunları olarak ele alınmakta ancak son dönemde yapılan çalışmalarda kadın nüfusun göç hareketlerinde önemli bir artışla yer aldığı ve konunun incelenmesi gerekliliğini ortaya koymaktadır. Uluslararası boyutta göç kavramı özellikle göç edilen ülkelerin işgücü piyasalarına uyum sağlamak ve iş bulma temelinde önemli sorunlar yaratmaktadır. Küreselleşmenin yarattığı etkiyle uluslararası firmaların dünya genelindeki rekabet edilme güçlerini arttırma çabası bir yandan nitelikli bir yandan da niteliksiz göçün sorunlarını ortaya koymaktadır. Göçmen kadın çalışanlar, hem işgücü piyasalarına katılma da hem de iş hayatlarıyla denge sağlama konusunda ataerkil yapıyla ve toplumsal cinsiyetçi anlayışla karşı karşıya kalmaktadırlar. Türk Kadınlarının Fransa’ya göç ettiklerinde işgücü piyasalarına uyum sağlama konusunda karşılaştıkları sorunlar literatür taraması yapıldıktan sonra bir uygulamayla bu makalede tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Rancangan Bangun Smart Home Untuk Deteksi Dini Kebakaran Mengunakan Mikrokontroler Berbasis Android
Authors: Suwarno Pranto , Suharjo Imam
Published: May 2023

Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman dan meningkatnya era tekonologi, permintaan akan kebutuhan rumah yang aman, nyaman dan modern menigkat pesat, dan teknologi yang sedang ramai diminati oleh orang sekarang adalah IoT (Internet of Think), IoT memungkinkan penguna untuk mengontrol dan memantau keadaan rumah. Karena kegunaanya itulah tujuan dari penilitian ini adalah menghasilkan desain sistem smart home yang dikombinasikan dengan fitur deteksi ini kebakaran di dalam rumah. Teknologi yang diterapkan berupa full control dan monitoing suhu dan kelembaban, pengendalian lampu, pendeteksi kebakaran, dan pendeteksi kebocoran Gas
Toplumsal Ekoloji Yaklaşımını Bölgesel Gelişmeler Üzerinden Yeniden Tartışmak
Authors: EKMEKCİOĞLU Alper , DERE Ayşe
Published: May 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, iklim değişikliği, kapitalizm ve devlet örgütü tartışmaları karşısında alternatif bir model olarak çalışılan toplumsal ekoloji yaklaşımının kuram ve uygulama ilişkisini saha uygulamaları örnekleri üzerinden inceleyerek akademik araştırmacılar ve politika yapıcılara dersler çıkarmaktır. Bu amaca ulaşmak üzere, toplumsal ekolojinin temel kavramları ve ekolojik toplumun kente yaklaşımı Türkiye’nin güneydoğusu ve Suriye’nin kuzeyi örnekleri üzerinden incelenmiştir. Çalışmada “Toplumsal ekoloji temelli saha uygulamaları ile kuram uyumlu mudur?" araştırma sorusuna yanıt aranmıştır. Kuramsal çerçevede, doğayı merkeze alan bir toplumsal tasarım sunan ekolojik yaklaşımın siyasi, yönetsel, toplumsal ve ekonomik söylemleri dört ölçütü olarak açıklanmıştır. Tartışmalar bölümünde, saha uygulamaları siyasi, yönetsel, toplumsal ve ekonomi boyutlarındaki öneriler göz önüne alınarak kuramın uygulamaya yansıması bakımından incelenmiştir. Söylemlerin aksine, PKK/KCK terör örgütünün uygulamalarının Bookchin’in toplumsal ekoloji yaklaşımını yeterince yansıtmadığı kivi kuşu metaforu ile açıklanmıştır.
Classical Guidance Materials on Personal Students Based on INATBKBP Instrument Analysis
Authors: Nurrofifah Hani , Farozin Muh
Published: May 2023

Students need to be able to achieve optimal self-development so personal guidance delivered through classical guidance needs to be considered. However, the material for classical guidance in the personal field that is by the needs of students and can be used as a reference or basis for guidance and counseling teachers is still limited. This study aims to find the right material according to the students' needs for classical personal guidance. The population in this study amounted to 2635 students with a sample of 347 students from 17 junior high schools. Sampling in this study used a simple random sampling technique with the Slowin formula. The research method used is descriptive quantitative using the INATBKBP questionnaire to collect research data. INATBKBP was developed based on Santrock's theory.The 10 material topics obtained become materials, bases, and references that can be used and developed by guidance and counseling teachers in delivering personal guidance through classical guidance to students. These topics are expected to help students to have more awareness and self-acceptance so that they can develop their potential and achieve optimal self-development.
Role of Work Engagement, Autonomy Support, Psychological Capital, and Economic Factors to Educator and Staff Well-being in the Philippines
Authors: Embalsado Justin Vianey M. , Balilu Beatriz C. , Montoya Mary Anne Joseph T. , Chavez Rachelle Louse C. , Tulabut Olga Angelinetta P. , Mangalus Roger S. , De Ala Cherry Lou M. , Gonzales Abigail B. , De Leon June R.
Published: May 2023

Educational institutions are transitioning their learning modalities to flexible learning from remote education; educators and staff continuously encounter ambiguous work demands that negatively affect their well-being. Literature indicates the influence of autonomy support, psychological capital, work engagement, and economic factors (i.e., financial preparedness and job insecurity) on well-being. We propose that social, psychological, work, and economic factors influence the well-being of university educators and staff. 315 employees voluntarily completed the autonomy support, work engagement, hope, self-efficacy, job insecurity, and financial preparedness scales. We used IBM SPSS Amos for the confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Five separate models were conducted to test the research objective. Results indicate good to excellent model fit indices for the research scales and structural model. We also found that self-efficacy, work engagement, hope, and financial preparedness during emergencies positively predict well-being, while job insecurity is detrimental. Our findings could serve as a basis for mental health programs to address the mental issues of educators and staff.
Smart Agriculture
Authors:   Student, Dept. of CSE,  Vemana Institute of Technology, Bangalore, INDIA, Purohit Satyam V , Bharadwaj Vikram ,   Student, Dept. of CSE,  Vemana Institute of Technology, Bangalore, INDIA, M Renuka ,   Student, Dept. of CSE,  Vemana Institute of Technology, Bangalore, INDIA, H S Naveen ,   Asst. Professor, Dept. of CSE Vemana Institute of Technology, Bangalore, INDIA, Vidhya John Mary ,   Asst. Professors, Dept. of CSE Vemana Institute of Technology, Bangalore, INDIA
Published: May 2023

Agriculture is the primary main stay of the economy in our country. In recent years, because of uncertain trends in climate and policy making this has attributed to the price of crops becoming highly volatile. Farmers remain oblivious of these uncertainties, which attribute a degradation of the farmers’ mental and financial wellbeing. The excessive use of chemicals in the soil have caused the soil to lose its organic properties ultimately causing the soil to be exothermic in nature, hence requiring large amounts of water for maintenance of the farm land with an unhealthy quality of production causing wide spread devastation to the overall economy and health of a country. This inspired us to create a system which is handy, easy-to-use and breaks the farmers from the shackles of the large chemical fertilizer corporations, to detect the plant disease early and the harvest optimal crop for better productivity. This system provides accurate results in predicting the optimum crop according to the location and soil conditions. The system frame work in corporate disease detection and fertilizer recommendation all with a custom dataset of organic remedies for the relevant diseases detected
Real-Time Parking Using AI & ML
Authors:   Student, Computer Science & Engineering, Vemana Institute of Technology, Bengaluru-34, India, B.K Vikas , G Badruddien ,   Student, Computer Science & Engineering, Vemana Institute of Technology, Bengaluru-34, India, Adnan Mohammad ,   Student, Computer Science & Engineering, Vemana Institute of Technology, Bengaluru-34, India, Jain Rohan ,   Student, Computer Science & Engineering, Vemana Institute of Technology, Bengaluru-34, India, K Lavanya ,   Asst. Professor, Dept of AI & ML Vemana Institute of Technology, Bengaluru-34, India
Published: May 2023

Real time parking systems have a potential to reduce the congestion in crowded areas by providing real time indications of occupancy of parking spaces. To date, search systems are mostly implemented for indoor environments using costly sensor based techniques. Consequently, with the increasing demand for parking systems in outdoor environments, inexpensive image based detection methods have become a focus of research and development recently. Motivated by the remarkable performance of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in various image category recognition tasks, this study presents a robust parking occupancy detection framework by using a deep CNN and a binary Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier to detect the occupancy of outdoor parking spaces images. The classifier was trained and tested why the features learned by the deep CNN (convolutional neural network) from public datasets (PKlot) having different illuminance and weather conditions. The indicates the great potential of this method to provide a low- cost and reliable solution to the parking systems in outdoor environments.
An Efficient Spam Detection Technique for IOT Devices using Machine Learning
Authors:   Student, Computer Science & Engineering,  Vemana Institute of Technology, Bengaluru-34, India, Sravya Padala , Shree Rashi ,   Student, Computer Science & Engineering,  Vemana Institute of Technology, Bengaluru-34, India, Madhuri Geetha ,   Student, Computer Science & Engineering,  Vemana Institute of Technology, Bengaluru-34, India, G Vani ,   Student, Computer Science & Engineering,  Vemana Institute of Technology, Bengaluru-34, India, Vidya John Mary ,   Professor, Dept. of CSE, Vemana Institute of Technology, Bengaluru-34, India
Published: May 2023

Internet of Things (IoT) devices is becoming increasingly popular, and as their usage grows, so does the risk of spam and malicious attacks on these devices. Spam detection is one of the primary concerns for securing IoT devices, and machine learning has shown great potential in addressing this issue. In this abstract, we will discuss the use of machine learning algorithms for spam detection in IoT devices. The proposed solution involves collecting data from IoT devices, such as sensor readings, network traffic, and user behavior, and then training a machine learning model on this data. The model can be trained on both known and unknown spam patterns, allowing it to identify and classify potential spam messages with a high level of accuracy. Several machine learning algorithms can be used for spam detection, including decision trees, support vector machines (SVMs), and neural networks. These algorithms can be trained on different features of the data, such as the frequency of certain keywords or the source of the message, to identify patterns that are indicative of spam. To ensure the effectiveness of the spam detection system, it is essential to continuously update the machine learning model as new types of spam are discovered. This can be achieved by deploying the model in the cloud, allowing it to learn from new data and improve its accuracy over time. Using machine learning algorithms for spam detection in IoT devices can greatly enhance the security of these devices. By training a model on data collected from IoT devices, we can accurately detect and classify potential spam, allowing us to take appropriate action to protect these devices from malicious attacks.
Smart Energy Meter Using IOT
Authors:   Students ,Dept. of CSE Vemana Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India, M Varsha , R Shravani ,   Students ,Dept. of CSE Vemana Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India, P S Sanisha ,   Students ,Dept. of CSE Vemana Institute of Technology Bangalore, India, Fathima Iram ,   Students ,Dept. of CSE Vemana Institute of Technology Bangalore, India, R Rashmi ,   Asst. Professor, Dept. of CSE Vemana Institute of Technology Bangalore, India
Published: May 2023

The efficient use of energy plays a very vital role in the development of smart grid. So, the chief priority of the smart grid id the monitoring and controlling of the energy consumption. The present energy meter has few problems. The proposed system is an add on module that controls and calculates the energy consumption using ESP 8266 12E, a Wi-Fi module and it will upload the data to the cloud from where the consumers can view their reading. Our system is slightly modified from the original module to get the current reading. The energy consumption and computation become easier and controllable by the consumer. Smart Energy Module enables the vision of a smart grid it ensures more accurate energy measurement and lower power consumption.
PESQUISAS SOBRE FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES QUE ENSINAM MATEMÁTICA NA REVISTA REAMEC
Authors: Cruz Debora Cristina Gerola da , Gottardo Alessandra Finco , Leite Eliana Alves Pereira
Published: May 2023

Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo identificar e analisar pesquisas publicadas na Revista REAMEC que versam sobre a formação continuada dos professores que ensinam matemática. Para tanto, na fundamentação teórica, discorreu-se sobre alguns aspectos históricos e conceituais sobre a formação continuada de professores. Metodologicamente, trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa do tipo bibliográfico. No processo de identificação das pesquisas, recorreu-se aos seguintes descritores: “formação continuada” e “professores que ensinam matemática”, sendo analisadas as 19 edições da revista REAMEC, correspondentes aos anos de 2013 a 2021. Dentre os resultados, observou-se que: dentre um total de 352 trabalhos, foram encontrados somente seis que versam sobre a formação continuada de professores que ensinam matemática; as temáticas identificadas foram a Etnomodelagem, as contribuições do PNAIC e do PIBID, o modelo metodológico do Espiral RePARe e o panorama das pesquisas sobre formação continuada para professores que ensinam matemática nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental produzidas em Instituições de Ensino Superior localizadas na Amazônia Legal Brasileira; quanto à abordagem metodológica das pesquisas, a qualitativa teve maior destaque; e, por fim, sobre os resultados das pesquisas, destaca-se que a maioria contempla e defende experiências formativas que priorizam um trabalho colaborativo e de reflexão sobre a prática. Verificou-se a importância da escola se constituir no foco e lócus de formação continuada. Espera-se que os resultados deste estudo contribuam no sentido de divulgar produções científicas da região amazônica e de fomentar estudos e discussões sobre as demandas e especificidades da formação continuada de professores que ensinam matemática.
Perception of prospective teachers towards gender role: A case study
Authors: Padmanabha C. H.
Published: May 2023

The perceptions of prospective teachers towards gender roles as they learn about this topic in their B.Ed. program and undertaking an internship is the aim of the study. Both classroom practices and perceptions have been examined. As per the National Education Policy (NEP-2020), gender education is supposed to integrate essential subjects, skills, and capacities into the core part of the curriculum. There is also a provision for a Gender Inclusion Fund (GIF). A descriptive method was used to find the result, with a self-made statement schedule having expert validation. The findings of this study show that female prospective teachers are more neutral towards gender roles than their male counterparts. Both are approaching a gender-neutral world, but some dimensions still have stereotypical mindsets. In their classrooms, while the teaching-learning process takes place, they are aware of their behavior toward gender roles. They always try to engage the students in various projects on equal terms, following the protocol of the school where they intern. The results show that if gender studies are taught like any other core subject, observable behavior changes can be seen in both teachers and students. This creates the potential for a gender-neutral world in the long run, which aligns with education's ultimate goal of fostering a happy and prosperous society that facilitates creativity.
Nano-Sustained CO-Releasing Molecules Alleviates Cyclosporin-A-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Renal Fibrosis by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome-Mediated TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathway
Authors: Ji Juan , Bi Zhaoyu , Tian Ling , Zhang Qian , Hou Shu-fen , Li Song
Published: May 2023

Objective: To investigate the effect nano-sustained CO-releasing molecules on cyclosporin-A (CsA)-induced nephrotoxicity by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Methods: 3×105 cell/mL human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) and mouse primary cultured renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) were cultured under an inverted microscope and incubated with 10% DMEM and 0.25% β2M in NaCl solution for 3 h. HK-2 and RTECs were divided into 5 complex numbers. MTT assay was used to detect the relative proliferation level of one of the HK-2 cells and calculate the multiplication ratio. Results: The nano-sustained CO-releasing molecules CS-CO had a strong protective effect on the kidney. HK-2 and RTECs cells were treated with siRNA, inhibitors, and NLRP3 knockout mice, and the changes in cell activity and expression of intracellular inflammatory factors were studied. The expression of TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway related proteins in HK-2 and RTECs was detected by ELISA, western blot, immunofluorescence, and other techniques. Conclusion: SMA/CORM2 alleviates CsA-induced renal fibrosis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.
The Role and Mechanism of LncRNA-p21 in Regulating Gastric Cancer Metastasis by Mediating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Liu Peng , Chang Haizhe , Peng Xinyu , Zhang Xiu , Zhang Jianjun , Luan Jiusong
Published: May 2023

Objective: To study the mechanism of lncRNA p21 inhibiting the growth and metastasis of human gastric cancer SGC7901/GES-1 cells by mediating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Methods: Lentiviral overexpression of lncRNA-p21 in human gastric cancer SGC7901/GES-1 cell transfections was observed and analyzed for in vitro migration, invasion, cell morphology and proliferation. Besides. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was tested for direct involvement in lncRNA-p21-mediated inhibition of gastric cancer cell growth and proliferation. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was validated using Li-C1. Results: Gastric cancer SGC7901/GES-1 cells in the overexpression of lncRNA-p21 showed changes in stellate morphology, low invasion, or spindle-shaped morphology. LncRNA-p21 inhibited the growth and proliferation of gastric cancer SGC7901/GES-1 cells both in vivo and in vitro, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway mediated the proliferation, invasion, and migration of lncRNA-p21 on gastric cancer SGC7901/GES-1 cells. Conclusion: LncRNA-p21 can inhibit the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer SGC7901/GES-1 cells in vitro and in vivo, and the inhibition of lncRNA p21 is mainly mediated by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Integrating Multiple Linear Regression and Infectious Disease Models for Predicting Information Dissemination in Social Networks
Authors: Dong Junchao , Huang Tinghui , Min Liang , Wang Wenyan
Published: May 2023

Social network is the mainstream medium of current information dissemination, and it is particularly important to accurately predict its propagation law. In this paper, we introduce a social network propagation model integrating multiple linear regression and infectious disease model. Firstly, we proposed the features that affect social network communication from three dimensions. Then, we predicted the node influence via multiple linear regression. Lastly, we used the node influence as the state transition of the infectious disease model to predict the trend of information dissemination in social networks. The experimental results on a real social network dataset showed that the prediction results of the model are consistent with the actual information dissemination trends.
Pencegahan Kanker Payudara melalui Sadari dan Sadanis di Era Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Hayati Nur , Wahyuni Alfaina , Kusumawati Wiwik
Published: May 2023

Breast cancer is a contributor to high mortality rates in women, with a mortality rate of 18% of women's deaths. Public awareness in recognizing and identifying cancer symptoms at an early stage is still low, making cancer in Indonesia more at an advanced stage. This community service activity aims to increase community knowledge and skills in preventing and detecting breast cancer early through counseling about breast cancer and breast self-examination (BSE). This partner is the activity of PKK cadres who contribute to the implementation of health education and health cadres in their area. Community service methods with breast cancer counseling and BSE training. In this activity, a clinical breast examination (SADANIS) was also carried out in the form of a breast ultrasound examination to detect any abnormalities in the breast by a Radiology specialist. The speaker delivered material on breast cancer prevention and participants were given a pocket book on breast cancer prevention. Prior to participating in the counseling, participants were tested for their knowledge of breast cancer prevention using a pretest. After getting the presentation of the material, a posttest was conducted. The results of the pre and post analysis showed an increase in participants' knowledge about breast cancer prevention. Community service with counseling, pocket books and health checks succeeded in increasing participants' knowledge about breast cancer prevention.Keywords: SADARI, SADANIS, breast cancer.
Pengembangan Kapasitas Pokdarwis Melalui Pelatihan Standar Pengelolaan Homestay dan Pemasaran Produk Wisata Berbasis Masyarakat di Kelurahan Guntung Bontang
Authors: Keliwar Said , Nurcahyo Anton , Iswandari Rini Koen
Published: May 2023

Guntung is one of the villages in North Bontang Sub-district, Bontang City, which has diverse tourism resources. However, there are several problems faced by the Guntung communities, especially the Benua Etam Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis) and the tourism business communities. These problems include the management and development of standardized homestays and marketing of tourism products based on the Guntung community (Community Based Tourism). This service aims to increase the capacity of Pokdarwis Human Resources and the community of Guntung Village in managing and developing a standardized homestay business and the ability to market tourism village products in Guntung Village.The stages and methods used in this community service training consist of 3 (three) stages; namely the preparation stage, the implementation stage, and the evaluation stage with lecture, discussion, question and answer, field trip and role play methods. Based on the results obtained from community service activities, it shows that Pokdarwis and tourism business actors are able to apply homestay management standards to their businesses and have the ability to do marketing, especially promotion by utilizing Intstagram social media.
Edukasi Penyakit Menular serta Pencegahan TBC melalui Tes Cepat Molekuler (TCM)
Authors: Sumantrie Pipin , Limbong Martalina , Julianto Julianto
Published: May 2023

Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, this disease is common in developing countries with tropical climates. This disease is widely suffered by various groups of people, both the lower class, middle class, upper class society, and even the elite who are infected with this disease. This is a serious concern of the government, through the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, in order to prevent it. The method used in community service activities is to provide assistance to the community, as well as infection prevention training through Rapid Molecular Test (TMC) examinations, for participants, consisting of 92 nursing students. The conclusions drawn from this activity were as follows, as a whole (100%) participants understood about healthy living behaviors, and prevention of TB infectious disease, and the results of TB examinations found no one infected with the Mycobakterium Tuberculosis virus.
Perancangan Strategi Pemasaran Roti Manis Menggunakan Pendekatan Marketing Mix (Studi Kasus di Putra Kembar Bakery)
Authors: Usman Irsyad Baidlowi , Astuti Widy
Published: May 2023

Putra Kembar Bakery merupakan industri rumah tangga yang memproduksi roti di Desa Karanganyar, Kecamatan Karanganyar, Kabupaten Kebumen, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Produk yang dihasilkan berupa roti manis, bolu gulung dan brownies. Perusahaan mengalami permasalahan berupa turunnya omset yang cukup drastis pada produk roti manis. Untuk memperbaikai kondisi tersebut, pada penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan strategi pemasaran roti manis menggunakan metode Marketing Mix 7P (prize, product, promotion, process, people, place, physical evidence). Analisis SWOT digunakan untuk mengevaluasi hal-hal yang mempengaruhi menurunnya penjualan. Penelitian diawali dengan identifikasi roti kompetitor dan kualitas roti Putra Kembar Bakery. Analisis SWOT menunjukkan perusahaan berada pada kuadran satu dengan nilai bobot IFAS 2,03 serta nilai bobot EFAS 0,96. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka perusahaan perlu menerapkan strategi agresif. Strategi pemasaran yang dirancang berupa perbaikan rasa, penambahan varian rasa dan harga, penambahan reseller pada toko yang ramai pembeli, memperbaiki tampilan roti agar lebih menarik dan menampilkan ciri khas, menambahkan media pelayanan, dan membuat iklan produk Putra Kembar Bakery.
Perancangan Strategi Pemasaran Garam Dengan Kombinasi Metode SWOT dan STP (Studi Kasus Kelompok Usaha Garam Sari Laut)
Authors: Hanif Lukman , Astuti Widy
Published: May 2023

Strategi pemasaran merupakan faktor penting yang menentukan keberhasilan suatu perusahaan dalam memasarkan produknya. Kugar Sari Laut adalah  kelompok usaha garam yang memproduksi garam konsumsi dan garam inovasi. Omset penjualan produk garam selama enam bulan terakhir mengalami penurunan mencapai 20%.  Untuk keberlanjutan perusahaan diperlukan perancangan strategi pemasaran yang lebih baik. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka dalam penelitian ini dilakukan peracangan strategi pemasaran menggunakan metode SWOT dan STP. Metode SWOT (strengths, weakness, opportunities, dan threats) digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi sistem pemasaran di Kugar Sari Laut. Survey identifikasi dimensi kualitas garam  dilakukan kepada 400 responden pengguna garam yang ada di Kabupaten Kebumen.  Observasi faktor internal dan eksternal dilakukan kepada pengelola Kugar Sari Laut. Analisis SWOT menghasilkan empat kriteria internal (material, metode, mesin, orang) dan dua kriteria eksternal (kebutuhan, pesaing). Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut dilakukan perancangan strategi pemasaran dengan metode STP (segmenting, targeting, positioning). Hasil rancangan pada aspek segmentasi menghasilkan dua kriteria yaitu: segmentasi demografis dan segmentasi geografis. Targeting menghasilkan enam kriteria yaitu: metode, orang, segmentasi demografis, segmentasi geografis dan durasi uji coba. Positioning dilakukan dengan menambahkan varian kemasan. Tahap selajutnya dilakukan uji coba strategi pemasaran selama dua bulan. Hasil uji coba dianalisis menggunakan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil uji menunjukan bahwa ada peningkatan penjualan garam di Kugar Sari Laut setelah penerapan sistem pemasaran baru