bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Valorizando os Direitos Humanos na educação inclusiva: desafios e prevenção de estafas para professores de educação infantil
Authors: Szymonka Salete , Manjinski Everson
Published: October 2024

A inclusão de alunos com necessidades especiais nas salas de aula regulares de educação infantil apresenta diversas dificuldades para os professores. O objetivo deste estudo é identificar as barreiras significativas e desenvolver estratégias para criar um ambiente educacional mais inclusivo e acolhedor. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, baseia-se em revisões bibliográficas e observações da prática em sala de aula. Os resultados indicam que a sobrecarga docente é um desafio constante, impactando a saúde física, emocional e mental dos professores. Conclui-se que a responsabilidade pela educação inclusiva deve ser compartilhada por professores, sistema educativo, políticas públicas e sociedade. É essencial implementar estratégias eficazes para apoiar os professores, garantindo uma educação de qualidade para todos.
Formação de professores: rumo à inclusão nas escolas moçambicanas
Authors: Norte Diamantino Hilário , Manjinski Everson
Published: October 2024

Este artigo de revisão discute a formação de professores como um direito essencial para a inclusão de crianças com necessidades especiais nas escolas primárias de Moçambique. O plano Curricular de Formação, aprovado pela lei 18/2018, introduziu disciplinas de Necessidades Educativas Especiais (NEE), Braille e Lingas de sinais nos Institutos de Formação de Professores, com o princípio pedagógico de "inclusão equidade e igualdade de oportunidade em todos os subsistemas de aprendizagem". No entanto, o elevado número de alunos com necessidades especiais, aliado à falta de material, equipamento adequados e à insuficiente de formação prática dos professores, caracteriza o problema central deste estudo. Utilizando um paradigma interpretativista e reflexivo, com metodologia qualitativa, foram realizadas leituras bibliográficas de autores que abordam Direitos Humanos e NEE, além de planos estratégicos, curriculares e programas de cursos de formação de professores, e leis da Republica de Moçambique. Os resultados destacam a necessidade urgente de melhor preparação dos formadores e professores para identificar e apoiar alunos com necessidades especiais. Este estudo pode auxiliar formadores e jovens professores a desenvolverem competências necessárias para um ensino inclusivo eficaz nas Escolas Primárias. Definiu se os seguintes objectivos específicos: i: Identificar como as escolas estão preparadas para o ensino inclusivo, ii) descrever como pode ser transferido competências de ensino inclusivo, iii) Esclarecer na prática a produção e funcionamento do material, equipamentos e instrumentos usados ao preparar professor para ensinar turmas com crianças que precisam de cuidados especiais.
Livestock Entrepreneurs’ Willingness to Pay (WTP) for Livestock Insurance: The Role of Capital and Financial Burden of Lumpy Skin Disease
Authors: Ahmad Tusawar Iftikhar , Abbas Samar , Bhatti Muhammad Azhar , Kousar Rehana
Published: October 2024

In Punjab, Pakistan, livestock business owners are at high risk of losing their primary source of income due to the continually emerging lumpy skin disease. The sustainability of such financial risks can be managed through insurance; thus, this study explores the willingness of the 454 livestock entrepreneurs to pay for livestock insurance. Using an independent samples t-test, the study confirms that willingness to pay has a positive relationship with the size of owned farmland, total herd size, and annual income from crops, which are statistically significant at 1%. However, conventional attributes such as age, education, and off-farm income have no significant effect on willingness to pay at a 10% significance level. From the results of this study, insurance policies should be designed to facilitate the participation of entrepreneurs with larger farms and herds and higher crop income in livestock insurance programs.: This could positively affect the finances and the region's future of livestock business people.
برامج التطوع ودورها في دمج ذوي الإعاقة في العمل المجتمعي (دراسة وصفية على عينة من المتطوعين من ذوي الإعاقة البصرية في الجمعيات الخيرية في مدينة جدة)
Authors:   أستاذ علم الاجتماع الطبي المشارك، قسم الاجتماع والخدمة الاجتماعية، جامعة الملك عبدالعزيز بجدة، المملكة العربية السعودية, السلمي عطية , العلوي علي ,   ماجستير في علم الاجتماع، قسم الاجتماع والخدمة الاجتماعية، جامعة الملك عبدالعزيز بجدة، المملكة العربية السعودية
Published: October 2024

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على برامج التطوع ودورها في دمج ذوي الإعاقة في العمل المجتمعي، وذلك من خلال التعرف على أهم برامج التطوع الموجه لذوي الإعاقة، والكشف عن الصعوبات التي تواجه ذوي الإعاقة في القيام بدورهم في العمل التطوعي. كما هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على مدى ملاءمة برامج التطوع لذوي الإعاقة، وأيضاً الكشف على دور برامج التطوع في دمج ذوي الإعاقة في العمل المجتمعي. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة تم استخدام منهج المسح الاجتماعي بالعينة، وتم الاستعانة بالاستبانة كأداة لجمع بيانات الدراسة، وتكون مجتمع الدراسة من المتطوعين من ذوي الإعاقة البصرية في الجمعيات الخيرية بمدينة جدة. وتم أخذ عينة من مجتمع الدراسة بأسلوب العينة غير العشوائية (القصدية) والتي بلغ حجمها (50) متطوع من ذوي الإعاقة البصرية. ولقد توصلت الدراسة إلى العديد من النتائج، أهمها أن أفراد العينة وبشكل عام يوافقون على وجود برامج للتطوع الموجه لذوي الإعاقة البصرية، من أهمها برامج التطوع في مناسك الحج والعمرة، كما توصلت الدراسة إلى وجود صعوبات تواجه الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة البصرية في القيام بدورهم في العمل التطوعي، وتتمثل أهم تلك الصعوبات في عدم التقدير المناسب للجهد الذي يبذله المتطوع، وكذلك عدم تحديد دور واضح للمتطوع وإتاحة الفرصة له لاختيار ما يناسبه بحرية. وأيضاً أشارت الدراسة إلى أنّ هناك فوارق في فعالية برامج التطوع لدى المتطوعين من ذوي الإعاقة البصرية، ومدى ملاءمة هذه البرامج لهم، حسب اختلافها. وأيضاً توصلت الدراسة إلى أنّ هناك دور لبرامج التطوع في دمج ذوي الإعاقة في العمل المجتمعي، وتمثلت أهم تلك الأدوار في إتاحتها الفرصة لهم للمشاركة في نشاطات المجتمع المختلفة مما يساعد في الاندماج في العمل المجتمعي. وفي ضوء النتائج التي تم التوصل إليها الدراسة، أوصت الدراسة بمجموعة من التوصيات المهمة.
Front matter: Letter from the Editors, Masthead, and Contents
Authors: Columbia Journal of Undergraduate Mathematics
Published: October 2024

Front matter for the Columbia Journal of Undegraduate Mathematics Volume 1 Issue 1. Contains the Letter from the Editors, Masthead, and Contents.
Role of Diversification on Financial Sustainability and Credit Risk of Asian Microfinance Institutions
Authors: Muhammad Shaukat Malik  , Qadeer Naureen , Imam Muhammad Sameer
Published: October 2024

This paper investigates the role of diversification with respect to  financial sustainability and credit risk. This study has extended the discussion from banking to microfinance institutions (MFIs) having dual objective of both financial and social nature to eradicate poverty. Asia being the hub of microfinance, is selected for understanding the scenario. Role of diversification is determined with respect to revenue, product, geographical and asset perspective. Risk is measured with the help of credit risk; z-score and Portfolio at risk (30 days) while operational self- sustainability is employed to understand microfinance sustainability. The approach of generalized method of moment (GMM) is employed for panel data analysis for a sample of 313 Asian microfinance from time period 2012-2019. The findings present significant impacts of various dimensions of diversification for sustainability of microfinance institutions and found more risk comes with more diversification. Further MFIs can mitigate their risk with the help of strategy of group lending. This study suggests that, all MFIs generate income through both financial and non-financial services that led to expansion of their social outreach and decrease their operational cost and hence, sustainability. The findings are helpful for practitioner and policy makers to adapt strategies of diversification for sustainability of MFIs.
Non-Technological Teaching Aid: Effectiveness in Developing Young Learners' Grammatical Accuracy
Authors: Soorianarayanan Richard Rao , Abd Rahman Siti Nadhirah
Published: October 2024

With the rapid development of educational technology in the teaching and learning of English, many instructors are beginning to integrate various technology related activities in their lesson. However, many of the recent studies states inaccessibility to technological infrastructure had hindered the implementation of said activities in the classroom. This study hence investigates the effectiveness of an interventional teaching aid that does not need technology on improving young learners’ grammar accuracy in terms of using preposition accurately and forming simple sentences using preposition. Sixty (n=60) year 4 learners of a primary school were enrolled in the quasi-experimental research where the Experimental Group (EG) were involved with the interventional teaching aid called Dice and Paste (DAP) activity. The results indicated that among the two groups, the EG who received instructions based on DAP activity improved the most in post-test for both preposition test (section A) and also simple sentence formation using preposition (section B). This researcher recommends ESL language instructors, other subject instructors, program coordinators, and other stakeholders to adopt DAP especially in an environment where technological infrastructures were lacking.
Geographical differences for Sheep and Goat in the early Medieval Period
Authors: Lie Rolf W. , Lie Rolv T.
Published: October 2024

A medieval bone material of lesser livestock (sheep and goat) from Oslo and Trondheim is compared by means of discriminant analysis. Metacarpals and metatarsals were included in the study and four measurements of bone size were used. Bones from Trondheim were found to be wider at the distal end compared with bones from Oslo. The other measurements did not make any additional contribution to the differences between the populations. The fact that the differences were consistent for both species, suggests that the populations were partially, isolated and possibly subject to different feeding conditions.
Movements and home range dynamics of Roe Deer, Capreolus capreolus L. in southeastern Norway
Authors: Bjar Gunnar , Selås Vidar , Lund Lars Olav , Hjeljord Olav
Published: October 2024

Thirty-three Roe deer were radio-collared on a winter feeding site near the coast in SE Norway during 1984 - 87. Nineteen of the animals remained year-round within 2 km of the feeding site. The others migrated an average of 8 km to their summer ranges, but generally returned to the feeding site each fall. During summer bucks defended territories averaging 34.8 ha. Related does appeared to stay in groups with home ranges adjacent to each other and there was an extensive overlap in area use within a group, but less so between groups. Average home range size of does was 38.4 ha. Home ranges of mothers and daughters tended to separate as the daughters grew older. Most migrating animals moved to the east and had summer ranges in the interior, where winter death rate was expected to be high. Apparently migrating animals were most likely to find unoccupied territories in this area.
Distribution of Hooded seals in Svalbard waters
Authors: Gjertz Ian
Published: October 2024

Hooded seals are distributed from eastern Canada to West Greenland, up along East Greenland and throughout the Greenland and Norwegian Seas. In the literature Hooded seals are stated as not belonging to the Svalbard fauna, but that they in some years can be numerous along the ice from the west coast of Spitsbergen southwards toward Bjørnøya. An attempt is made to map the distribution of Hooded seals in the Svalbard area based on information from sealing vessel logbooks, travel journals, scientific literature, trappers’ diaries and opportunistic interviews with former sealers and trappers.
Demographic Parameters for Norwegian Grey Seals Halichoerus grypus
Authors: Wiig Øystein
Published: October 2024

Demographic parameters for Norwegian Grey seals are estimated based on samples collected at breeding grounds. The material seems to be biased towards females with pups. In order to get more representative material and thereby more reliable estimates, it is suggested that new material is collected during the moulting season in the spring.
Adult Arctic Foxes Alopex lagopus L. in the denning area; numbers and behaviour
Authors: Frafjord Karl
Published: October 2024

Behaviour of Arctic Foxes Alopex lagopus in the denning area was studied in two mountain regions of southern Scandinavia. More than two adult foxes were recorded in 6 of the 9 den-years in Scandinavia. One den probably contained two litters of pups and two pairs of adults, while two more dens may have contained two litters. Several adults probably visited dens only briefly, and more than two adults were rarely observed at the same time. Some spatial separation of adults was also found. Since parenthood of pups was unknown, and since the role of the «surplus» adults was not clear, they could not be assigned a «helper» role. Surplus adults in the denning area may have resulted from a relaxed territorial defence, rather than from a need for more adults to bring food to pups. Interactions between adults were rarely observed, and were mainly restricted to the transfer of food from male to female. Adults were mostly resting when observed in denning areas, and were inactive 60 - 90% of the time. Females and males were not different in their overall activity, with mean 73 ± 15% of their time being inactive. Male activity varied significantly with time of day, but female activity did not.
Identifying Norwegian shrews (Soricidae) from non-dental mandibular characters
Authors: Fredriksen Tore , Langhelle Gunnar , Frafjord Karl
Published: October 2024

A method for discriminating between 6 species of Norwegian shrews (Soricidae) based on a few characters in the lower mandible is described. Length, height, and one angle were measured in cleaned mandibles (n = 297). When plotting angle/length on height, most species were clearly separated. In addition, the position of the condyle relative to the infracondylar notch was used to separate one species of Neomys from the 5 species of Sorex. In the Sorex species, mandible length had most discriminating power, followed by mandible height, angle, and angle/height. A classification table to distinguish between the species is given.
Distributional ecology in the shrews Sorex araneus L. and Sorex minutus L. in western Norway
Authors: Frafjord Karl
Published: October 2024

Relative abundance and distribution of Common and Pygmy Shrews in Hordaland county, western Norway, were studied at a number of sites along a coast-inland gradient by examining museum collections, and by trapping. Pygmy Shrews were found at all sites except one inland, while Common Shrews were lacking at two of the most western sites. A dramatic reduction in the percentage of Pygmy Shrews was found towards the interior, ranging from 80.9% on the outermost islands, 42.0% along the coast, and 2.2% inland. Pygmy Shrews were most abundant in poor habitat (habitat quality was subjectively evaluated from the diversity and richness of vegetation). A shift in body length between sympatry and allopatry was found in both species, increasing the difference between them in sympatry. At one site where they coexisted or were caught in about the same numbers, habitat segregation between the two was not very apparent. Habitat quality influenced the weight, but not size, of Common Shrews along an altitudinal gradient. Habitat type and quality probably control the distribution of the Common Shrew, but the abundance of Pygmy Shrews may be controlled by Common Shrews.
Exploitation pattern and migration of the anadromous Brown trout, Salmo trutta L., from the River Gjengedal, western Norway
Authors: Lund Roar A. , Hansen Lars P.
Published: October 2024

Post-spawners of anadromous Brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) were individually tagged and released in the River Gjengedal during the period 1981 - 1990. The tag returns suggested that the overall exploitation of the trout stock was relatively small. Most recaptures were reported from the sea where the majority was taken by trolling and spinning. A substantial part was also reported in the Atlantic salmon commercial fishery. In the river all recaptures were made by anglers. Although a few fish migrated far away from the river, most fish were caught in the fjord outside the river, suggesting that the migrations in the marine environment were short.
Sexual size dimorphism in the skull of the Norwegian red fox Vulpes vulpes L.
Authors: Frafjord Karl
Published: October 2024

Sexual dimorphism in 8 skull dimensions of 116 Norwegian Red Foxes Vulpes vulpes averaged 4.6% (range 3.9 - 6.7%), with males significantly larger in all measurements. A relatively large overlap between the sexes was found, and only 73% of the specimens were correctly classified to sex in a discriminant analysis.
Evaluating Institutional Success: Regional Water Agreements with Tribal Nations
Authors: Colby Bonnie , Reed-Spitzer Zoey
Published: October 2024

Since the early 1900s, U.S. national, tribal, and state institutions have been addressing conflicts over water entitlements of Native American tribes. The resulting regional water agreements encompass ensuring tribal access to water, defining entitlements for reliable future access, and providing environmental and financial benefits. Identifying approaches to evaluating institutional success in these regional water agreements is useful for effectively addressing current and future water disputes. This article discusses characteristics of eight water agreements that have occurred in the Southwestern United States, applying five economic criteria to evaluate success. The evaluation suggests that newer agreements perform better on the economic criteria, implying that learning about effective agreements is occurring over time. As threats to water quality and quantity intensify worldwide, understanding what contributes to successful regional water agreements becomes increasingly urgent.
Prevalence of fascioliasis among ruminants in Dhamar governorate, Yemen
Authors: Al-Adhroey Abduleah
Published: October 2024

Background: In Yemen, there is little information about fascioliasis. This parasitic disease is dangerous for livestock and can also cause serious harm to human health.
Aim: This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of fascioliasis among ruminants in Dhamar governorate during the years 2020 and 2021.
Methods: It was retrospective study using post-mortem meat inspection records of the General Establishment for Slaughterhouses and Meat Market (GESMM) in Dhamar governorate. Annual meat inspection records about the number of ruminants infested with liver fluke as well as the total number of ruminants slaughtered were collected.
Results: The mean overall prevalence of fascioliasis among the native ruminants was 0.35%. The mean overall prevalence rates among native cattle, calves, and sheep and goats were 0.88%, 0.38%, and 0.24%, respectively.
Conclusion: The prevalence of fascioliasis was low among ruminants in Dhamar governorate. However, more sensitive epidemiological surveys should be carried out to confirm this finding.
Eğitim Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Çevrimiçi Öğrenme Öz-Yeterlik Algıları, Çevrimiçi Derslere Yönelik Memnuniyetleri ve Çevrimiçi Derslere Katılım Durumlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: Gül Ayşe , Tuncer Murat , Yılmaz Ömer
Published: October 2024

Bu araştırmada eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin çevrimiçi derslere yönelik memnuniyetleri, çevrimiçi derslere katılımın durumları ve çevrimiçi öğrenme öz yeterlik algıları araştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Fırat ve Harran Üniversitesi eğitim fakültesi öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri çevrimiçi öğrenci katılım ölçeği, çevrimiçi öğrenme öz-yeterlik ölçeği ve çevrimiçi öğrenci memnuniyet ölçekleri aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. İlişkisel tarama yöntemine göre yürütülen bu araştırmanın verilerin çözümlenmesinde karşılaştırmaya dayalı testler kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen verilere göre öğrenim görülen üniversite, bölüm ve çevrimiçi derslere katılım sıklığına göre anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Ayrıca çevrimiçi derslere katılım, çevrimiçi öğrenme öz-yeterliği ve çevrimiçi öğrenci memnuniyeti arasında anlamlı ve pozitif ilişkiler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin çevrimiçi derslere katılma sıklıkları veri toplama araçlarının tüm boyutlarında anlamlı düzeyde görüş farkına neden olmuştur. Bu ortak bulgular çevrimiçi derslerde deneyimin önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Çevrimiçi derslere katılım sıklığının artması öğrencilerin uzaktan öğretim ortamlarına uyumları ve katılımları konusunda onları teşvik edebilecektir. Uzaktan öğretim gerek teknolojik altyapısı ve gerekse kriz dönemlerinde başvurulabilecek başlıca seçeneklerden biri olması nedeniyle ihmal edilmemeli, öğrencilerin bu ortamlarda edindikleri tecrübelerini unutmamaları için bazı seçmeli derslerin uzaktan öğretim şeklinde yürütülmesinin yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Öğretmen Adaylarının Öğrenim Gördükleri Programı Tercih Sebepleri ve Üniversite Eğitiminden Beklentileri
Authors: Aydın Mehmet , Keskin İsmail , Yazar Taha , Kinay İsmail , Oral Behçet , Bütün Mesut
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışma; öğretmen adaylarının, bulundukları üniversiteyi ve öğrenim görmekte oldukları programı tercih sebeplerini ve beklentilerini (üniversite eğitiminden, öğretim üyelerinden, hayattan, sınıf arkadaşlarından vb. beklentilerini) belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada durum çalışması yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma, 2017 – 2018 öğretim yılı itibariyle, Dicle Üniversitesi Ziya Gökalp Eğitim Fakültesi Türkçe Öğretmenliği Programında öğrenim görmekte olan toplam 129 öğretmen adayı ile yürütülmüştür. Mevcut çalışmanın bulguları, ZGEF.17.015 numaralı Dicle Üniversitesi Bap projesi kapsamında araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen 27 maddelik yapılandırılmış bir anket formunun açık uçlu yedi sorusundan elde edilen nitel verilere dayanmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı, 2017-2018 öğretim yılı güz ve bahar dönemlerinde katılımcılara uygulanmıştır. Katılımcılar, veri toplama aracındaki soruları bir ders saati içerisinde ve bir oturumda cevaplamışlardır. Elde edilen veriler, nitel bir yaklaşımla içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Oluşturulan kodlar ilişkilendirilerek önce sınıflandırılmış, daha sonra bu kategoriler de benzer yolla ilişkilendirilerek tümevarımsal yolla nihai kategoriler altında toplanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonunda elde edilen bulgulara dayalı önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
In Silico Toxicological Assessment and Efficacy of Activated Carbon Derived from Low-Quality Face Tissues for Eosin Dye Adsorption
Authors: Adnan Safauldeen , Ibrahim Salwan Sufyan , Manati Ammar Salim , Hammud Kafa Khalaf
Published: October 2024

Eosin dye is an efficient qualitative and quantitative chemical through various scientific and biological uses but it was demonstrated as a lethal substance to animal or human lung, liver, eye, kidney, Central Nerve System (CNS) and parts of gastrointestinal system. In many published studies, it removed via clay/carbon composite, lemon peel, or fly ash adsorption beside oxidation, filtration, photocatalysis, ion exchange, sonochemistry, nanotechnology, and others. Here, is another attempt to prepare an activated carbon from carbon-based material (low quality face tissue) where its capacity was determined by toxic anionic dye (Eosin B) – spectroscopic investigation. In this attempt, Eosin B showed an excellent removal and adsorption capacity starting from first 5 mL eluted from this prepared adsorbent. Removal of Eosin is important to human and environment where present In Silico study confirmed that Eosin B was safe to embryo or foetus health (during pregnancy) , Cardio- topic including: Arrhythmia, Cardiac Failure, Heart Block, hERG Toxicity, Hypertension, and Myocardial Infarction, toxic to avian with high Rat Acute Toxicity (LD50) lowest probability of lung, prostate, and renal cell lines even with its water solubility in aqua environment, Yes response towards P-glycoprotein substrate or multidrug resistance (MDR1) function in cancer pharmacotherapy. Also, Eosin B had BBB or CNS permeability as well as fish (Minnow) toxicity. It is safe for Renal OCT2 substrate, besides hERG I & II inhibitors, Hepatotoxicity, and skin sensitization, Cytochromes P450 under testing. Therefore, Eosin B is structurally toxic to human and environment in short – or long – term period.
Suggesting a New Model of Armors Utilizing Composite Plates Enhanced with Nanographene
Authors: Alithari Ali Sadiq , Mahdi Lamyaa A.
Published: October 2024

The current focus in armor development is on the creation of lightweight, thin, and cost-effective solutions. This study explores innovative techniques by incorporating nanomaterials into composite plates, combined with fiber pre-stressing methods during the polymer matrix curing process. Woven Kevlar fibers experienced a pre-stress of 2 MPa in two dimensions while being cured with an epoxy resin containing varying ratios of Nanographene (0.5, 1, and 2 wt.%). Results demonstrated that the optimal combination for enhanced mechanical properties, particularly impact strength, occurred with a 2 wt.% nanographene ratio and 2 MPa fiber pre-stressing. However, exceeding a 2 wt.% nanographene ratio led to nanoparticle agglomeration within the resin, negating their positive effects. The proposed armor model successfully passed ballistic testing and comprises four layers of composite plates, each layer consisting of epoxy resin with 2 wt.% nanographene, Kevlar fibers pre-stressed at 2 MPa, and a 3mm thickness. These layers are interspersed with additional 1mm layers of Kevlar fiber. This innovative approach offers a promising advancement in armor design, achieving a balance between low density, reduced thickness, and cost-effectiveness.
Performance Improvement of an Integrated Collector Storage Solar Water Heater by Using an Additional Glass Cover: A Numerical Study
Authors: Abed Angham F. , Hashim Noora A. , Dahham Ruaa B. , Alkaldy Esam H.
Published: October 2024

This paper describes the analysis of a solar storage water heating system, emphasizing its cost-effectiveness and integrated design. The study employs numerical analysis to assess and optimize the performance of a rectangular solar collector with an added glass cover and an internal horizontal barrier. Using COMSOL software, a three-dimensional modeling study was conducted in the Kufa-Najaf climate on May 9th. The analysis focused on fundamental convection equations governing mass, momentum, and energy conservation. Temperature and velocity distributions were obtained at 13:30 PM, revealing a peak storage water temperature of 56.3 °C. The additional glass cover-barrier storage collector, set at a 60° angle, exhibited the highest stored energy at 2065.6 W, surpassing the conventional storage collector at 1007.06 W. Furthermore, the model demonstrated an increased instantaneous efficiency of 58.3%, compared to 28.4% for the conventional collector. The simulation results align well with previous findings, showing a maximum mean absolute percent error (MAE) of 4.5%.
Optimizing Sheet Metal Formation through Advanced Hydroforming Simulation Technique
Authors: Jasim Hiba Abdali , Al-Najjar Sameh Q. J.
Published: October 2024

In this study, we investigate into the simulation of sheet metal hydroforming for crafting the cap of the axle-hub of a tip trailer within our manufacturing facility. This cap serves a crucial role in safeguarding wheel bearings from the detrimental effects of dust, sand, and dirt. The motivation for this work arises from the challenges encountered during the fixation of a conventional dust cap, which often falls off when subjected to pressure or threading, particularly when the tractor is in motion. The innovative approach pursued in this research involves the utilization of lightweight aluminum sheet metal for cap production, owing to its facile formability. The cap design incorporates four evenly distributed holes around its circumference and secures to the flange using screws. Prior to the manufacturing phase, a simulation of the cap-forming process was conducted using ANSYS Model 15, a computer-aided engineering program. The necessary models were crafted in CATIA, a computer-aided design program, streamlining the entire process to enhance efficiency, reduce costs, and minimize manpower requirements. The simulation encompassed three different thicknesses (1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm) for two distinct aluminum alloys, namely 1100 and 5652. The objective was to discern the optimal alloy for the forming process. Essential mechanical properties, including ultimate tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and yield stress, were input into the ANSYS program to accurately reflect the materials' behavior during forming. The outcomes of our investigation revealed that aluminum alloy 5652 outperformed 1100 in terms of formability. The former exhibited a forming pressure of 300.2 MPa, while the latter required 298.3 MPa for the same forming depth (40 mm) across all three thickness variations. Additionally, the study demonstrated that 5652 is not only more efficient but also safer and more resilient than 1100.
Virtual Screening of Apigenin and Luteolin as Natural Aromatase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Saleh Baydaa Hamad Obaid
Published: October 2024

Aromatase is an enzyme that converts androgens (like testosterone) to estrogens (like 17- estradiol). It is also a highly successful therapeutic target for endocrine-responsive breast cancer. Aromatase inhibitors, which suppress estrogen synthesis in postmenopausal women, have been useful in the treatment of individuals with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Anastrozole is an aromatase inhibitor medication that is used in the management and treatment of breast cancer. Flavonoids inhibit cancer cell proliferation by causing apoptosis, encouraging autophagy, and changing the cell cycle. Although several dietary flavonoids (like in parsley, celery and Broccoli) can inhibit aromatase, the tissue specificity and mechanism of binding are uncertain. According to several researches, flavonoids (apigenin and luteolin) dramatically suppress estrogen production. The study aims to examine binding of 3EQM (Aromatase) in the A chain with both of flavonoid (Apigenin and luteolin) and Anastrozole, using an in silico approach. PyRx default program was used to detect docking accuracy. Virtually, results showed that flavonoids have higher binding strength for apigenin and luteolin (which was -8.2 and -8.3) than Anastrozole (which was -7.6) with chain A of Aromatase. So, flavonoids can potentially be used as a natural medication to reduce breast cancer incidence. However, clinical trial studies are needed to investigate the role of apigenin and luteolin in the treatment of breast cancer.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Thiadiazole Derivatives Derived from 2-Amino-5-Thio-1,3,4-Thiadiazole
Authors: Hashem Aya B. , Nief Olfat A. , Noori Abdulkader M.
Published: October 2024

This manuscript introduces a series of novel Schiff base and heterocyc-licring compounds, focusing on derivatives of 1,3-oxazepine and thiazo-lidinone.The derivative (2-Hydroxy-N-(5-mercapto-[1,3,4] thiadiazol-2-yl)-2-phenyl-acetamide was created by reacting ethyl mandelate ester[M1] and 2-amino-5-thio-1,3,4-thiadiazole compound to produce new compound [M2] and after that, compound [M2] was reacted with hydrazine hydrate 99% in dry DMF solvent, yielding the compound (N-(5-Hydrazino-[1,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-2-phenyl-acetamide [M3]. In contrast , the Schiff base compound [M4] were synthesized by reacting compound [M3] with aromatic heterocyclic aldehyde (furan-2-carbaldehyde) in the presence of glacial acetic acid as a catalyst, and then Schiff base [M4] was reacted with maleic anhydride in dry benzene as a solvent to produce (1,3-Oxazepine) derivative [M5]. Additionally, the thiazolidinone derivative [M6] was synthesized through the reaction of equimolar amounts of (N-[5-(N'-Furan-2-yl-methylene-hydrazino)-[1,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-phenyl-acetamide [M4] with thioacetic acid compound in chloroform as a solvent. The structural formula of all derivatives was confirmed by FT-IR and (1HNMR, 13CNMR) spectroscopy. The synthesized derivatives [M1-M6] were screened for their evaluated for antibacterial activity against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. coli, Klebsiella sp., and the fungus Candida albicans. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as the solvent. Also, the ampicillin compound was used as the standard drug for comparison.
Studying of New Bio-Fertilizer Formula Composed of Streptomyces and Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria to Sustain Vigna Radiate (L.)
Authors: Mahmood Saffa Abedalraheem , Al-Khateeb Mustafa Taleb , Abedalsadda Ali Jabaar , Al-Khafaji Khlood Abedalelah Mohammed , Feadth Ahmed Jaafar , Abedallah Mohammed Abedalraheem , Mahmood Ansam Raheem
Published: October 2024

The recent study aimed to develop and produce bio-fertilizer as a supplement to chemical fertilizers, with the goal to reduce their application. In this study, new Streptomyces species were introduced along with nitrogen-fixing bacteria to support the growth of Mung beans in Iraq. The experiment involved the application of five strains of Rhizobium, two strains of Streptomyces, and high indole acetic acid-producing Azospirillum spp4 and Azotobacter spp7. These bio-fertilizers were tested in a field using a complete randomized design at al-Tuwaitha research station in Baghdad.The results indicated that the bio-fertilizer containing Streptomyces and Azospirillum 4 had a significantly positive impact on the growth of Mung bean crops compared to using NPK 100% (conventional chemical fertilizer). The germination percentage reached 75%, with a plant height of 73 cm and 11 branches per plant. The number of legumes per plant was 44.66, with an average legume height of 3.56 cm. The weight of 100 seeds was 142 g, and the fresh weight and dry weight were recorded as 40.33 g and 35.33 g, respectively. Moreover, the study found no statistical difference when comparing the treatment of mung bean seeds with the mono-inoculum of Rhizobium isolated from Phasoleus nodules and Streptomyces Z. This suggests that the newly developed bio-fertilizer containing Streptomyces and Azospirillum 4 is a promising and viable option to enhance the growth and yield of Mung beans without relying heavily on imported chemical fertilizers.
Synthesis of ZnO NWs via Thermal Evaporation Technique
Authors: Khalid Wafaa , Faisal Abdul-Qader Dawood , Aljubouri Ali A.
Published: October 2024

Zinc oxide nanowires ZnONWs were successfully synthesized on glass slides. The synthesis was conducted firstly by the deposition of 12 µm a thin film of Zn metal by thermal evaporation. Secondly,the coated film was annealed at a temperature of 600 ºC in air for four hours to grow the ZnO nanowires. It have been observed that the produced  nanowires were grown in a vertical orientation and having a high density,  very long, and a minimal aspect ratio. The crystal structure and morphology of ZnO nanowires were investigated with  X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).  The UV-visible spectrophotometer was also used to calculate the optical parameters from the absorption spectrum and show  a band gap energy  around 3.25 eV. The crystal structure of the material was revealed to be polycrystalline with a preferred orientation in the direction of [101]. Small average crystallite size was calculated about 17nm   The wires can be measured to have a length of around 10 µm with diameters ranging from 50 to 100 nm. This could be used for gas sensor applications.  In addition, this  ZnONWs structure  has a maximum transmittance (100%) which can be a good candidate for many optoelectronic apllications.
Investigation of Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins and Suggesting Antiadhesive Agents from Guava Plant in Skin Infections
Authors: Muhsin Eman A. , Khalaf Shahrazad Ahmed , Gatea Iman Hendi
Published: October 2024

Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium belonging to Enterobacteriaceae family that owns outer membrane proteins called omp35 and omp36 which are responsible for colonization and adhesion to host tissues such as skin. Twenty pre-diagnosed bacterial isolates of K. pneumoniae of wounds and burn swabs were selected in this study, and the diagnosis was confirmed by VITEK-2 automated system. Whole DNA was isolated then amplified by PCR then gel electrophoresis was performed to detect the prevalence of the genes that encode both of omp35 and omp36 in bacterial isolates. Phylogenetic tree of both studied genes was conducted to investigate the precursor of tested isolates in relation to NCBI data. Virtually, the affinity of two medicinal components of fruit Guava (Psidium guajava L.), which are Quercetin and L-arabinopyranoside, were tested as antiadhesive materials against omp35 and omp35 proteins by molecular docking tools. Results showed that 15 out of 20 skin-infecting K. pneumoniae isolates owned both omp35 and omp36 genes as detected by gel electrophoresis and the phylogenetic trees of both genes illustrated that they were related to surgical and nosocomial swab infection precursors in their origin in NCBI. High affinity of Quercetin was recorded towards omp35 protein and omp36 protein which were (-8.1 and -7.8) respectively, in the same time the affinity of L-arabinopyranoside was (-5.2 and -5.3) towards omp35 and omp36 proteins; resulting in suggesting medicinal ingredients of Guava fruit to prevent adhesion and colonization of K. pneumoniae and other Enterobacteriaceae members which might invade wounded skin by bacterial outer membrane proteins.
Alta frecuencia de vulnerabilidad psicológica de población transgénero consultante a un hospital público de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires
Authors: Calvar Cecilia , Kuspiel Florencia , Arbitman Julieta , Koufios Adriana , González Silvina , Karasik Marcelo
Published: October 2024

Introducción: Las personas transgénero sufren  de discriminación y estrés de las minorías y con frecuencia reportan altos índices de vulnerabilidad psicológica. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la situación psicosocial de las personas trans que consultaron al Servicio de Diversidad y los factores involucrados en el riesgo de suicidalidad. Material y métodos: Se recabaron en forma retrospectiva datos demográficos y de vulnerabilidad psicológica de las historias clínicas de 934 personas trans de las cuales 359 fueron asignados varón al nacer y 575 asignados mujer al nacer. Resultados y conclusiones: Las personas asignadas mujer al nacer consultaron a una edad menor y reportaron una mayor frecuencia de bi/pansexualidad. Resultados: Se reportó un 33,1 % de abuso sexual, 63,3 % de bullying, 40,9 % de autolesiones, 52,7 % de ideación suicida y 25,2 % de intentos de suicidio, siendo las personas asignadas mujer al nacer, las que presentaron la mayor frecuencia de vulnerabilidad psicológica. En el análisis de regresión logística, las variables asociadas a mayor riesgo de autolesiones y suicidalidad fueron: la menor edad, la orientación bi/pansexual, ser asignado mujer al nacer, el antecedente de abusos y bullying. Conclusión: Por todo esto se hace necesario elaborar programas de acompañamiento y prevención del riesgo suicida en esta población.
Adaptación y desempeño psicométrico de la Escala de tormento físico y emocional hacia animales
Authors: Nicolás Álvarez-Merlano , González-Navarro Rocío , Tapia-Arroyo José
Published: October 2024

Introducción: El tormento físico y emocional hacia los animales durante la infancia y la adultez emergente ha sido relacionado con el diagnóstico de diversos trastornos de la conducta. El objetivo de este estudio fue adaptar y validar la Escala de tormento físico y emocional hacia animales (PET) en una muestra de universitarios del Caribe colombiano. Materiales y método: Estudio cuantitativo de carácter instrumental, con enfoque transver sal. Se evaluaron exploratoriamente tres modelos en 100 universitarios y se confirmaron dos soluciones del instrumento en 140 universitarios. Resultados: En el análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE), dos modelos cumplieron con la asignación de factores; el primero produjo una estructura factorial bidimensional que explicó el 68.39% de la varianza de los datos, con esfericidad de Bartlett significativa (331,099, gl=36, Sig.=.002), indicador de adecuación del tamaño de muestra Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin aceptable (KMO=.73) y consistencia interna total y dimensional adecuada ( ɑ ordinal total = .825; ɑ ordina subescala 1 = .93 y ordinal subescala 2 = .75). El segundo reportó una estructura factorial unidimensional que explicó el 73.16% e indicadores de esfericidad,tamaño de muestra y consistencia adecuados (216.369, gl=6, Sig.=.000; KMO=.73 y ɑ ordinal total = .877). Las soluciones exploradas fueron confirmadas encontrando para ambos modelos indicadores de bondad del ajuste satisfactorios (modelo bidimensional: X 2 ɑ /gl=2.33; GFI=.991; AGFI=.969; CFI=.944; NFI=.970; RMSEA=.070 y SRMR=.070. modelo unidimensional: X /gl=1.98; GFI=.998; AGFI=.987; CFI=.968; NFI=.994; RMSEA=.068 y SRMR=.040). Discusión y conclusiones: La escala PET en su versión original y reducida es un instrumento válido y confiable para evaluar este constructo en el contexto sociocultural colombiano.
Trastorno por Déficit de Atención/Hiperactividad: persistencia en la adultez
Authors: Pérez-Hernández Salvador , Macias-Paz Ignacio Uriel , Cruz-Rosas Alejandro
Published: October 2024

El trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad (TDAH) es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo caracterizado por niveles problemáticos de inatención, desorganización y/o hiperactividad-impulsividad. Afecta diversos campos de la vida del paciente como la conducta y su desenvolvimiento social y académico. El TDAH tiene una etiología multifactorial, con implicaciones genéticas, ambientales, socioeconómicas, entre otras. Es principalmente diagnosticado en niños; sin embargo, puede permanecer hasta la edad adulta o bien, ser diagnosticado en la edad adulta por haber pasado desapercibido durante la niñez. Existe la posibilidad de que los síntomas sean compensados ​​al llegar a la adultez y no producir dificultades, pero cuando hay alteraciones ambientales o comorbilidades, pueden ser evidentes, principalmente cuando se enfrenta a estrés escolar, laboral o social dado por las cargas de trabajo que la universidad o trabajo exigente.
La indagación de Constantino von Economo sobre las bases neuroanatómicas de la inteligencia humana
Authors: Triarhou Lazaros C.
Published: October 2024

Uno de los problemas que abordó Constantino von Economo fueron los fundamentos neuroanatómicos de la inteligencia humana, mediante la combinación de citoarquitectónica cortical y neuroanatomía evolutiva. Postuló el principio de «cerebración progresiva» para denotar la evolución continua de la mente humana y conjeturó sobre la futura adquisición de nuevas estructuras corticales en el cerebro humano. Una de sus reseñas de esas ideas fue traducida por un joven neuropsiquiatra español, Enrique Escardó Peinador, y forma el corpus de la presente presentación. También se destaca la asociación de Economo con neurólogos españoles.
Parenting Patterns as Social Support for Children with Special Needs
Authors: Hakim Aus Arief Ikhwani
Published: October 2024

Parenting children with special needs (ABK) requires patience and higher knowledge in order to be able to direct children appropriately. Parents as the main social support who take a role in accompanying ABK grow and develop according to their abilities. This study aims to find out how parenting as social support for children with special needs. The approach in this study is descriptive qualitative with interview methods and observation of parents who have ABK. In this study concluded that the role of parents in parenting children is very important in the development of individuals. However, there are still some parents who do not understand how to provide proper parenting to children with special needs because of lack of knowledge about parenting, which makes it more difficult for children to develop.
Merdeka Curriculum: Early Childhood Teachers' Perceptions of the New Paradigm Curriculum
Authors: Irbah Ariq Nurjannah , Anggryani I’in , Binsa Ucik Hidayah
Published: October 2024

This research aims to obtain information regarding teachers' perceptions of the independent curriculum in early childhood education. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method, namely a method that explores the situation and data of the subject that will be studied thoroughly, broadly and in depth. This research provides an overview and explanation of teachers' perceptions of the independent curriculum in Paron District. The data collection technique used was interviews via questionnaires. Then the data analysis technique in this research uses reduction, display and verification techniques.
The results of this research indicate that the overall perception of teachers in the independent curriculum is good. This is proven from the results of interviews via questionnaires with many expressions that support the implementation of the independent curriculum. This good and supportive perception is reflected in the teacher's knowledge of the Merdeka curriculum, the implementation of the Merdeka-merdeka play curriculum and how teachers make efforts towards the Merdeka-merdeka learning curriculum
Assessment of Fine Motor Development in Early Childhood at TKIT Ar-Rahmah
Authors: Ningsih Iqlima Fitria
Published: October 2024

This study aims to analyze, describe an assessment or assessment of fine motor development in early childhood at IT Ar-Rahmah Kindergarten, Bener Meriah Regency. The subjects in this study were 15 B grade children, 2 teachers and 1 school principal. The research technique uses descriptive qualitative, while the data analysis technique uses observation and interviews, data collection techniques in the form of anecdotal notes, work and portfolios. In research at the IT Ar-Rahmah Kindergarten, the three assessment techniques were used to describe aspects of child development which were arranged in the form of documents and portfolios, teachers also used cameras to photograph and print children's work, and used videos for anecdotal notes. The work done by the child may be brought home to be shown to the parents, then apart from the teacher, the parents can also evaluate the child's fine motor development with the work that is brought. For the final results of the semester, the teacher prepares three forms of assessment, but in TK IT Ar-Rahmah the teacher tends to prefer the assessment in the form of a checklist, namely BB, MB, BSH, BSB as well as giving an assessment in the form of a star symbol. In addition to the three techniques above, the researcher describes several assessment techniques that can be used by teachers such as test and non-test instruments.