bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Projeto “Memórias da terra: patrimônio arqueológico da comunidade de Vila Velha do Cassiporé, AP”, atividades de pesquisa referentes aos anos de 2018 e 2023
Authors: Souza de Lima Jelly Juliane , Avelino  , Mendonça Carneiro Kathelin Thayssa , Pinheiro Barros Leitícia , Medeiros de Miranda Aron Rauri , Martins Tami
Published: December 2024

Este artigo apresenta os resultados do projeto “Memórias da terra: patrimônio arqueológico da comunidade de   Vila Velha do Cassiporé” realizado na fronteira entre Brasil e Guiana Francesa, especificamente no Estado do Amapá, nos anos de 2019 e 2022. Nesse sentido, o projeto se baseou na perspectiva da Arqueologia Pública, ao buscar compreender as relações e percepções da comunidade com o patrimônio arqueológico. Para isso, como estratégias metodológicas se utilizou na pesquisa de campo o reconhecimento visual por meio do percorrimento pedestre, análise de vestígios materiais, a etnografia e a história oral como forma de registro das informações. Paralelamente, a pesquisa envolveu instituições que possuíam acervos da história da região. Com as informações geradas em diferentes campos, após o processo reflexivo da pesquisa, os resultados possibilitaram gerar produtos e ações de divulgação científica. Dessa forma, os resultados mostram como uma comunidade formada por diferentes grupos buscam, por meio da memória, da arqueologia e dos vestígios arqueológicos indígenas do passado, contar sua presença no território ocupado por eles na atualidade.
Sítios Arqueológicos de Ocupação Sazonal na Costa Estuarina do Amapá
Authors: Ribeiro Frazão Keyla Maria , Stabile Rafael , Oleiro Luiz Eduardo , Nazaré Alan , Leite Lúcio Costa
Published: December 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma caracterização de sítios arqueológicos sobre a planície costeira amazônica, no município de Macapá, estado do Amapá. Os sítios em destaque neste artigo têm sido descritos como “acampamentos” e “sítios rasos”, classificações que reforçam a baixa densidade de vestígios e a ausência de uma camada arqueológica bem definida desses espaços. O estudo de 7 sítios e de suas coleções cerâmicas sugere que esses espaços foram ocupados de forma sazonal, mas também revelou particularidades entre cada sítio. Tendo em vista que os sítios sazonais estão implantados muito próximos a grandes sítios cemitério e habitação, propomos com este trabalho que todas essas formas de ocupação foram parte de um mesmo sistema de assentamento nesta região.
Time to act? Is the new era of gut hormone-based pharmacotherapy an opportunity to rethink the tier-based UK obesity care model?
Authors: Ahmad Ehtasham , Jarvis Janet , Webb David
Published: December 2024

Obesity, like type 2 diabetes, is a complex, often life limiting disease influenced by genetics and modern environment. However, unlike diabetes, the provision of integrated, holistic care for people with obesity in the UK remains underdeveloped, despite the growing prevalence of obesity and increasing availability of effective treatments for weight loss. The current tier-based approach to obesity management, although based around a multidisciplinary model, can be fragmented with significant geographical variations in care. The recent approval of new pharmacotherapies by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence offers an opportunity to rethink and reshape the approach to obesity management. This article provides a review of the current tier-based system for obesity care in UK and proposes alternative models aimed at improving efficiency, promoting equity, and enhancing person-centred outcomes.
Reflections from first-generation small-scale vegetable farmers
Authors: Bloomfield Richard , Lee Deishin
Published: December 2024

Renewal of the agriculture sector requires an influx of young farmers, either members of farming families or first-generation farmers. The latter face distinct challenges (Bloomfield, 2023; Magnan et al., 2023). This study seeks to understand some of their motivations and challenges in order to inform policy changes to support and encourage more first-generation farmers.
Agriculture has long been regarded in Canada as not only economically but also culturally significant. Yet less than 1% of the population are recognised as farmers by the latest census data (Statistics Canada, 2021). In the last three decades alone, Canada has net lost nearly 150,000 farmers and the average age of a Canadian farmer is now 56. Only 8.5% of Canadian farmers were under 35 in the last Agricultural Census, compared to 20% in 1991, and that percentage has been declining steadily since 1931 (Clapp, 2023; Magnan et al., 2022; Qualman et al., 2018; Statistics Canada, 2006, 2022). In particular, the number of young people from farming families staying in agriculture is declining. Several reports, including that of the Royal Bank of Canada Climate Action Institute, show that a majority of farmers do not have a succession plan in place although, within the next decade, 40% will retire (Yaghi, 2023). People from non-farming backgrounds find it difficult to enter the profession due to barriers that include prohibitive costs and lack of training. To ensure that Canada can feed its growing population, we must address the farmer shortage by understanding the experiences of new—particularly young—farmers.
Optimizing stewardship of the land?
Authors: Marquis Sarah
Published: December 2024

This research considers the ways in which digital agriculture (DA) technologies (like robotic machinery, big data applications, farm management software platforms and drones) fit into discourses of sustainable agriculture in the Canadian political and media landscape. To undertake this research, I conducted a discourse analysis of relevant government and media materials published between 2016 and 2022. What became evident was an ideology of optimization, which works to communicate that environmental sustainability needs to and will be optimized using DA technologies. I then consider how these findings are related to the federal fertilizer emissions reduction target, aiming to reduce emissions arising from fertilizer application in agricultural contexts by 30% below 2020 levels by 2030. I argue that discourse regarding this target deploys the ideology of optimization to keep current systems of fertilizer use in place, solidifying further the industrial and productivist paradigm of agriculture in Canada.
A review of The Political Economy of Agribusiness: A Critical Development Perspective
Authors: Alt Nil
Published: December 2024

Maria Luisa Mendonça's recent book, The Political Economy of Agribusiness: A Critical Development Perspective, challenges the idea that agribusiness is an inevitable evolutionary process. Using a Marxist perspective, the book examines the historical development and consequences of industrial agriculture, particularly in Brazil. The author focusses on the role of international financial capital in expanding sugarcane plantations for ethanol production, contributing to land grabbing, rural displacement and deforestation. Finally, Mendonça offers examples of rural resistance led by peasant and indigenous communities of Brazil and calls for sustainable and equitable agricultural practices, advocating for agrarian reform and food sovereignty.
Problems of Development of Artificial Intelligence, its Errors and Hallucinations. Psychoinformational (Socionical) and Quantum Methods of their Elimination.
Authors:   International Institute of Socionics, Ukraine, A Bukalov
Published: December 2024

The causes of errors and hallucinations of artificial intelligence models are analyzed. The work of artificial intelligence is compared with the structure of the psyche, which is well described by the socionic model of information metabolism by Augustinavichyute–Bukalov. This model has been successfully used in the analysis of the work of the psyche for over 40 years. It is shown that modern AI models lack an independent block for monitoring the implementation of established rules and assessing the importance of the information being processed. It is also necessary to rank the processed data according to specified criteria. It is shown that the most pressing problem of AI - the emergence of hallucinations - is due to an increase in semantic entropy in closed probabilistic models. This problem is fundamentally unsolvable without changing the principles of construction and operation of AI. In addition, AI models lack a number of structures, including aspects of true creativity, which are an integral part of the real psyche and socionic models. In the context of the creation of quantum computers, the quantum aspects of creating a new type of AI are also considered, by analogy with the work of the psyche. Such computers must have a fundamentally different architecture, compared to existing ones, and consist of a whole system of specialized quantum processors.
Artificial Intelligence in After-school Education (on the Example of Tourism and Local Studies Institutions).
Authors:   Ukrainian State Center for National-Patriotic Education, Local Studies and Tourism of Students, Ukraine, O Narovlianskyi , M Narovlianska ,   Ukrainian State Center for National-Patriotic Education, Local Studies and Tourism of Students, Ukraine, Ye Lukatskyi ,   National Aviation University, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of using artificial intelligence in the activities of after-school educational institutions of tourism and local studies. The possible directions of using artificial intelligence specifically in the educational process of study groups, in the organizational and managerial activities of after-school educational institutions, in the organization and arrangement of mass events are identified. Specific forms of using artificial intelligence in after-school tourism and local studies education institutions are highlighted to ensure the safety of events, prepare tourist trips, hikes, excursions, and organize the work of tourist route and qualification commissions. Based on a educators' survey of after-school education institutions of Ukraine using Google forms, the level of use of information and communication technologies and artificial intelligence by pedagogical staff of after-school education institutions of tourism and local studies is determined. The level of understanding by teachers of the concept of “artificial intelligence” and ways of its use in educational activities in after-school education is determined. The technologies of artificial intelligence used by educators, the directions of using artificial intelligence (search for necessary information, creation of text, graphic and test educational materials, creation of news and advertising materials, monitoring of the security situation) are determined. The organizational, methodological and technical problems that, in the opinion of educators, hinder the use of artificial intelligence technologies, ways for educators to acquire competencies in the use of artificial intelligence technologies are highlighted. It has been established that the main source of educators' acquisition of competencies in artificial intelligence is self-education.
Assessment of the Efficiency of Using Smart Contracts for Intelligent Analysis of user Actions in Social Networks
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine, Y Tsudzenko
Published: December 2024

With the development of digital technologies, smart contracts are becoming an important tool for improving social networks. The research examines the integration of smart contracts for intelligent data analysis and process automation. These self-executing blockchain-based applications could revolutionize the way data management, content monetization, and user engagement are approached. The developed system provides automation of transactions, payments to authors, protection of personal data and decision-making in communities. This makes it possible to monitor user interaction in real time and analyze their activity, automatically recording and processing data without the intervention of intermediaries. This approach provides high transparency and accuracy, which makes it effective for researching social trends, identifying public opinion leaders, and evaluating content impact. Smart contracts also help streamline processes that previously required human intervention, keeping all actions and transactions stored on the blockchain transparent. This increases user trust and creates a fairer environment for interaction on the platform. Therefore, the developed system includes several technological aspects, such as blockchain, smart contracts, intelligent data analysis, as well as the integration of these technologies in social networks
Comparison of Problem-solving Performance Across Mathematical Domains with Large Language Models
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, A Nikolaiev , O Derevianchenko ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

This study investigates problem-solving performance across four mathematical domains, using statistical techniques to analyse domain-specific differences. By leveraging the NuminaMath-TIR dataset, we categorized problems into algebra, geometry, number theory, and combinatorics, selecting 8,000 problems for the analysis. Models including GPT-4o-mini, Mathstral-7B, Qwen2.5-Math-7B, and Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct were applied to assess answer correctness. Significant differences in solution accuracy were identified, with algebra showing the highest correctness rates and combinatorics the lowest. The results highlight the impact of domain on model performance and suggest the potential for tool-integrated reasoning (TIR) techniques to enhance consistency across domains. Future work can explore targeted model training improvements, aiming to optimize educational technologies and adaptive learning systems
Inverse Architecture U-Net – InvU-Net
Authors:   Central Research Institute of Armaments and Military Equipment of Armed Forces of Ukraine, Ukraine, V Slyusar
Published: December 2024

The article proposes an inverse architecture of the U-Net neural network, named InvU-Net, which differs from the traditional scheme by increasing the dimensionality of images during the initial stages of processing. A comparison was conducted between two approaches for increasing image resolution: UpSampling2D layers and transposed Conv2DTranspose convolutional layers. The latter demonstrated superior results due to its ability to learn weighting coefficients. As part of the study, several InvU-Net modifications were developed and tested: Small, Medium, and Large, differing in structural complexity, the number of layers, and parameters. To improve segmentation accuracy, the integration of attention mechanisms was proposed to enhance the relevance of feature processing. Experiments revealed that simplifying attention mechanisms, including reducing the number of parameters and optimizing integration points, achieves high performance with lower computational complexity. The best-performing model, which incorporated a simplified attention mechanism, achieved 95.6% accuracy, surpassing larger architectures. The results highlight the potential of InvU-Net for segmentation tasks and suggest further optimization directions, such as employing adaptive attention mechanisms and automating the selection of neural network parameters
Semi-supervised Learning of a Vision Transformer for the Task of Road Traffic Segmentation in an Unstructured Environment
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Ukraine, O Shabo , N Shapoval ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

In the last few years, traditionally used for natural language processing tasks, recurrent neural networks have been replaced mainly by transformers. Thanks to the novel attention mechanism, they also sequentially receive text input but provide much better results than LSTM, GRU-based, or similar networks. Self-attention negates the problem of fading memory by allowing efficient evaluation of dependencies between distant tokens and provides a better means for parallelization for modern processing units like GPU. Until recently, the use of transformers for computer vision (CV) tasks was minimal. The biggest obstacles that hindered the progress in this field were immense computational complexity, the fact that the image is a grid, not a sequence-like text, and the lack of strong inductive bias, in other words, the ability to have a good grasp of local correlations, unlike their CNN counterparts. The latest slowed down the vision transformer (ViT) usage rate in semantic segmentation (SS) even more. However, it was recently shown that with sufficient data, Transformers could outperform CNN-based networks in image classification and, with the proper ViT structure, even in SS. A promising direction for providing a ViT with required training data is using semi-supervised learning (SSL), which allows for extracting helpful information from unlabeled data using only a small amount of labeled data. This approach is beneficial when solving the problem of SS since manually creating masks for images is very time-consuming. This paper proposes the robust semi-supervised ViT learning method using minimal labeled data. The combination of a strong augmentation pipeline and a dual teacher paradigm allows good performance for SS of road traffic in the unstructured environment without the need for extensive hyperparameter search
Evaluation of User Activity Parameters in Social Networks Using Machine Learning Tools
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine, I Mysiuk
Published: December 2024

Social networks provide a huge amount of data that can be used to understand user behavior because they cover a wide range of human activities such as posts, comments, likes and follower interactions. Analyzing these data helps to identify patterns and trends that can shape patterns of behavior and assess the parameters of their activity. Key parameters such as the frequency of users' actions, their interactions, the content they share, and the emotional tone of their communications offer valuable insights into user behavior. By formalizing these parameters, large data sets can be turned into meaningful indicators for analyzing behavior, predicting or improving existing models by using machine learning tools, namely: regression methods or by applying their classification. To improve the accuracy of the analysis, it is extremely important to choose appropriate activity indicators and take into account changes over time and different types of interactions. This research suggests analyzing key metrics, including post frequency and user engagement, and visualizing these metrics to gain a deeper understanding of user behavior trends. According to the obtained results, it is possible to calculate the audience engagement factor, the popularity factor of the post in social networks, and the audience retention rate. In addition, an important result when evaluating user parameters for analyzing their behavior is the content influence factor, which shows the contribution of a user's post to other users
“Que a paz esteja convosco”
Authors: De Oliveira Domingos Douglas , Souto Sales Laurênia
Published: December 2024

Os discursos armamentistas, têm sido frequentemente veiculados por sujeitos que se dizem cristãos nas redes digitais. Essa prática, no entanto, parece apresentar incoerência de ideias ao associar o cristianismo e a violência como se eles não fossem paradoxais. Nesse sentido, nosso objetivo é analisar, à luz dos estudos discursivos foucaultianos, enunciados que materializam relações de saber, poder e resistência no que concerne à contradição entre cristianismo e violência nas redes digitais. Nossa análise enfatiza os conceitos de saber, poder, resistência, e os princípios de formulação e controle dos discursos. Além disso, situamos os enunciados em uma teia dispersa e difusa que se constitui nas descontinuidades e rupturas da história. Dialogamos, ainda, com alguns teóricos das Ciências das Religiões, como Armstrong (2009) e Boff (1980, 2009), a fim de compreender os processos teológicos que se relacionam aos discursos disseminados. Percebemos que, embora tenham objetivos opostos e haja particularidades em seu funcionamento enunciativo, os discursos armamentistas e os contradiscursos de resistência compartilham algumas semelhanças em suas estratégias de poder.
A dialogicidade discursiva da hashtag #DeixemONordesteVotar
Authors: Acosta Pereira Rodrigo , De Assis Verônica Aparecida
Published: December 2024

Esta pesquisa consiste em uma análise dialógica do discurso, subsidiada pela filosofia da linguagem de Bakhtin e do Círculo. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar como cinco enunciados do gênero do discurso tweet, publicados na rede social Twitter (X), constituem-se em contradiscursos de resistência. O foco da investigação recai sobre o uso da hashtag #DeixemONordesteVotar, buscando compreender como esse enunciado, e os que a ele estão relacionados, responde ideologicamente às tentativas de cercear o exercício democrático da região Nordeste do Brasil. A análise parte do cronotopo de 30 de outubro de 2022, data do segundo turno de eleições presidenciais brasileiras, observando como os sentidos construídos nesses enunciados dialogam com as condições sócio-históricas e ideológicas contemporâneas. Os resultados evidenciam a presença de uma imagem do homem contemporâneo que, por meio das redes sociais digitais, responde ativamente aos acontecimentos da vida, reafirmando a legitimidade da participação política da região nordestina no processo eleitoral.
Presencia de China y Latinoamérica en el Banco Asiático de Inversión en Infraestructura (BAII)
Authors: Orozco Plascencia José Manuel
Published: December 2024

En este documento se analiza el papel del BAII como un emergente Banco Multilateral de Desarrollo (BMD) con una importante presencia económica en China, nación que funge como sede, además de convertirse en su principal acreedor, cuyo rasgo distintivo consiste en manifestar un alto nivel competitivo con respecto al funcionamiento del Banco Mundial (BM) y del Banco Asiático de Desarrollo (BAD). Su principal objetivo es otorgar financiamiento en infraestructura a sus más de 100 integrantes en sectores como energía, transportes, recuperación económica ante el COVID-19, agua, salud y tecnología. En este marco, India es el país con la mayor cantidad de préstamos otorgados en cinco años de existencia del BAII mientras que América Latina representa 0.03% del monto total de suscripción, lo que incluye como miembros no regionales a Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Uruguay y Ecuador, siendo este último el único que ha recibido solamente un crédito.
Transformación internacional y sobrevivencia del régimen en Corea del Norte
Authors: López Aymes Juan Felipe
Published: December 2024

A pesar de las transformaciones mundiales de los últimos 30 años y las crisis económicas y humanitarias en Corea del Norte, el régimen político ha subsistido y no parece estar próximo a su fin. Este artículo discute dos factores subyacentes que proporcionan estabilidad para su supervivencia: por un lado, se mantiene una economía centralmente planificada, pero bajo un arreglo informal que tolera un mercado negro y ciertos niveles de corrupción; por otro lado, el programa nuclear contribuye a mantener la cohesión interna del Partido de los Trabajadores con el sector militar y legitima la permanencia del régimen ante amenazas externas, sean reales o fabricadas. Se concluye que los fundamentos de poder del régimen de Pyongyang siguen en pie, por lo que cabe la posibilidad de que supere las adversidades presentes y futuras, que la familia Kim conserve cierto margen de maniobra en su política interna y externa y continúe al mando indefinidamente.
Clasificadores calificativos y su adquisición: una revisión de la investigación y las prácticas
Authors: Glimois Laurene
Published: December 2024

Los clasificadores chinos, también conocidos como palabras de medida, son particularmente difíciles de adquirir para los estudiantes de chino como segunda lengua (CSL). adquirir para los estudiantes de chino como segunda lengua (CSL). El objetivo de este artículo es el desarrollo de materiales didácticos específicos y estimular la investigación investigación sobre la adquisición de clasificadores en CSL. En primer lugar, se ofrecen definiciones, distinguiendo entre los distintos tipos de clasificadores. A continuación, se ofrece una revisión de literatura existente sobre la adquisición de clasificadores numéricos en L1 y L2, junto con un examen de los materiales didácticos. El ensayo termina con recomendaciones para futuras investigación e innovación en la enseñanza de los clasificadores chinos.
Pioneras del feminismo coreano: Movimientos de mujeres coreanas 1876-1945.
Authors: Mellado Sanhueza Judith Paola
Published: December 2024

En los últimos años se ha incrementado las publicaciones sobre movimientos feministas coreanos, mayoritariamente de aquellos posteriores al 2000, los cuales se han autodefinido como los primeros movimientos feministas. Sin embargo, el feminismo coreano nace a partir de finales del siglo XIX, como resistencia contra la política y la cultura patriarcal confuciana, paralelamente, como forma de potenciar el activismo en contra del colonialismo japonés. Este artículo es un análisis documental con un alcance descriptivo. Dentro de los principales hallazgos, se identifica y contextualiza la crisis interna del reino Joseon, tras su apertura y la llegada de la modernización, como factor de origen de los movimientos, pues impulsó la implementación de reformas educacionales que incluían a las mujeres. Además, se destacan el Kunuhoe y Chanyanghoe, que permitieron desarrollar los primeros lineamientos feministas, y establecer dispositivos de acción para insertarse en el plano social y político.
Confucianism in the China Model: Redefining China’s Modernization Through the Perspective of Cultural Relativism
Authors: Li Cheukho , Hua Mingding
Published: December 2024

Despite the cultural difference, Latin America and China share similar historical trajectory of colonization and semi-colonization. This paper adopts the perspectives of cultural relativism and multiple modernities to examine how various actors in both regions have embarked on promoting Indigenous social, cultural and political movements in order to refine national identity and modernity, which deviates from hegemonic Western ideologies. This paper discuss Latin America’s Indigenous people and nations asserting their rights to protect their traditional homelands, culture, and self-determinations. The authors then argue that a similar pattern exists in the debate China Model’s distinctiveness and scrutinize how ethnic Chinese scholars may construct the China Model as its own form of “Indigenous” self-determination, cultural relativity, and equality. This paper examine how the discourses of China Models’ proponents are in-line with asserting Chinese modernity that mirrors Latin American Indigenous movements to be recognised as sovereign and equal nations.
Selectivity and stability of the herbicidal product Envoke applied during the vegetation of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Authors: Barakova T.
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The research was conducted during the period 2020-2022 in the experimental field of the Field Crops Institute – Chirpan, Bulgaria. In a three-factor field experiment, the effect of the vegetation-applied herbicide Envoke, containing 75% trifloxysulforon-sodium, was tested on two cotton cultivars. Factor A includes the three years of the study. Factor B includes the cotton cultivars Chirpan-539 and Helius. Factor C includes the herbicide Envoke, applied in 3 rates – 10 g ha-1, 15 g ha-1, 20 g ha-1, once and two times during the 4-5 leaf and budding stages of cotton. The aim of the trial was to study the selectivity and stability of the effects of the three different rates of the herbicide Envoke on cotton under different weather conditions. It has been found that the vegetation-applied herbicide Envoke, applied in the three rates, once and two times during the 4-5 leaf and budding stages of cotton, does not have a phytotoxic effect on the crop and is selective to the two cultivars - Chirpan-539 and Helius. The highest yields in both cotton cultivars were obtained with the two-time application of the herbicide Envoke during the 4-5 leaf and budding stages. Technologically, the most valuable are all variants with the herbicide Envoke for the cultivar Chirpan-539 and the variants with the herbicide Envoke in rates of 15 g ha-1 and 20 g ha-1 for the cultivar Helius. These variants combine high yield values and high stability of this indicator in different years. The untreated controls in the two cotton cultivars were the only ones that received negative evaluations. This is due to the high number of weeds and sunflower volunteers.
Durum wheat grain quality under organic farming conditions
Authors: Taneva K.
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The experiment was conducted on a soil type Pellic Vertisols in the experimental field of the Institute of Field Crops – Chirpan in the period 2019 - 2022. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of various predecessors on the grain quality of durum wheat grown under the conditions of organic farming in the region of Chirpan. Some indicators related to the quality of durum wheat grain were studied - protein content, wet gluten content, vitreousness, test weight, yellow pigments content. The influence of various predecessors on the investigated parameters related to grain quality was established. The experiment was conducted with the cultivar Progress. Averaged over the studied period under the specific agro-ecological conditions, the highest grain protein content was found for durum wheat after the predecessor peas (11.7% d.b.) and after the predecessor sunflower (11.6% d.b.), while after the predecessor cotton a lower value (11.2% d.b.) was found for this indicator. The wet gluten content after pea and sunflower predecessors (21.6% d.b.) was higher compared to the wet gluten content after cotton predecessor (19.9% d.b.). On average over the study period, the highest content of yellow pigments was found for durum wheat after predecessor cotton (19.17 Minolta b*), followed by that after sunflower (18.81 Minolta b*) and with the lowest content of yellow pigments was the variant after peas (18.54 Minolta b*).
New record of Rhynobrissus cuneus Cooke, 1957 (Echinoidea, Spatangoida) from the eastern Florida coast
Authors: Witmer Angela D. , Mooi Rich
Published: December 2024

The Brissidae is a family of heart urchins that includes shallow‑water, infaunal species, some of which are rarely observed. One species, Rhynobrissus cuneus Cooke, 1957, has only been recorded from the western Atlantic off the coast of North Carolina, USA and in the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of Veracruz, Mexico. This work identifies new records from the coast of Florida, USA, increasing our knowledge of this species’ geographic distribution.
Em busca de uma economia para a vida
Authors: Mota Filho Antonio
Published: December 2024

Franz Hinkelammert foi um importante teórico engajado das ciências sociais latino-americanas. Após realizar seus estudos superiores na Alemanha, se instala no Chile, em 1963. O objetivo do presente trabalho é realizar uma breve revisão da vida e obra de Hinkelammert durante seu período no Chile, abordando, sobretudo, suas reflexões acerca do subdesenvolvimento e dependência e da transição ao socialismo. A defesa de um socialismo democrático e radicalmente avesso a qualquer tipo de determinismo aparece desde esse momento como uma das características defensivas de sua reflexão.
A opção pelos pobres após o neoliberalismo
Authors: Jung Mo Sung
Published: December 2024

A opção pelos pobres, uma das características teológicas diferenciadores e dos princípios epistemológicos da Teologia da Libertação, é uma afirmação ético-teológica, mas não é direcionadora de políticas sociais ou econômicas concretas. Nas décadas de 1970 e 80, a Teologia da Libertação Latino-Americana concretizou essa opção ético-teológica pelos pobres com a opção histórica pelo socialismo, com a elaboração de uma noção de libertação entendida como uma “revolução” contra o modelo capitalista dependente e autoritário. Com o esgotamento e a dissolução do bloco comunista, a hegemonia do neoliberalismo e o reconhecimento teórico de que é impossível organizar economia em um mundo global sem a presença do mercado, alguns teólogos, como Franz Hinkelammert, elaboraram uma crítica à idolatria do mercado, mas abandonou a tese de socialismo como uma economia sem mercado. A partir disso, Hinkelammert passou a colocar os direitos humanos, em especial os direitos sociais dos pobres, como um critério ético-teológico-político para criticar o sistema capitalista e elaborar políticas alternativas. Nesse sentido, este artigo quer mostrar como, no pensamento de Hinkelammert, a opção pelos pobres e os direitos humanos são duas faces ou dois momentos dialéticos de uma luta pela defesa do direito de viver dos pobres.
Aktywność społeczno-kulturalna Polaków na terenie Marchii Granicznej (Grenzmark Posen Westpreusen) w latach 1933–1939
Authors:   UZ Zielona Góra, Nodzyński Tomasz P.
Published: December 2024

The article presents social and cultural activities taking place in the Frontier March of PosenWest Prussia (Grenzmark Posen-Westpreussen, Borderland) which operated between 1922 and 1938 in the first, short period of the existence of the Third German Reich – until the outbreak of World War II (1933–1939). The paper discusses the activities of various Polish organizations and institutions in the Nazi German state, including people’s banks, farming organizations, minority schools, scout troops, libraries, community centres, music institutions, and sports clubs. Although the Third Reich was a nationalist and totalitarian state, these organisations and institutions were allowed because the Third Reich pretended to be in good relations with the Republic of Poland. After the outbreak of the war between the two countries in September 1939, any separate socio-political and cultural activity of Poles in Germany, including the Borderland, was banned, and all the institutions and organisations presented in the article were dissolved.
Mentor’s Introduction to Jenna Gabriel
Authors: Wolfgang Courtnie , Lewis Lillian
Published: December 2024

 
TÜRKİYE’DE SOSYAL SERMAYE ÖLÇÜMÜ: İL BAZINDA SOSYAL SERMAYE ENDEKSİ GELİŞTİRME
Authors: Pilatin Abdulmuttalip
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin 2019-2023 yıllarını kapsayan 81 il bazında sosyal sermaye endeksinin geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu sayede sosyal sermaye endeksinin kapsamı 2007-2023 yıllarına kapsayacak şekilde genişletilmiştir. Türkiye için sosyal sermaye endeksi oluşturulurken önceki çalışmalarda kullanılan ve 2 ağ ve 2 norm değişkeninden elde edilen sosyal sermaye endeksi oluşturma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla temel bileşen analizi kullanılmıştır. 2018-2023 yılları arasında kalan yılların endeks değerleri doğrusal interpolasyon yöntemiyle türetilmiştir. İl bazında oluşturulan endeks değerlerinden pozitif olanlar yüksek bir sosyal sermaye seviyesini gösterirken negatif değerler düşük sosyal sermaye seviyesini göstermektedir. 2023 yılı itibariyle sosyal sermaye endeks değeri pozitif olan il sayısı 46 iken negatif olan il sayısı 35 olarak belirlenmiştir. Endeksi değerleri incelendiğinde yıllar itibariyle önemli bir değişiklik olmamakla birlikte illerin sosyal sermaye seviyelerinin pozitif yönde geliştiği belirlenmiştir. Bu endeks sayesinde Türkiye’nin il bazında sosyal sermaye verisi oluşturularak araştırmacılara eşsiz ve uzun vadeli bir veri seti sağlanmıştır. Çalışmanın temel motivasyon kaynağı da budur.
KÜRESEL BEYAZ EŞYA PAZARINDA TÜRKİYE’NİN KARŞILAŞTIRMALI REKABET GÜCÜ ANALİZİ
Authors: Özözen Serdar
Published: December 2024

Türkiye Çin’den sonra dünyanın ikinci, Avrupa’nın ise birinci beyaz eşya üreticisi ülkesidir. Türkiye, dünya beyaz eşya ihracatında ilk beş ülke arasında yer almaktadır. Türk beyaz eşya sektörü gerek üretim ve istihdama gerekse de ihracata katkısı açısından Türkiye ekonomisinin lokomotif sektörleri arasında yer almaktadır. İlk üretimine başladığı 1950’li yılların ortalarında montaja dayalı üretim yapısına sahip olan Türk beyaz eşya sektörü, günümüzde yüksek katma değerli ürünlerin üretildiği, küresel bilinirliğe sahip markalara sahip bir sektör konumundadır. Bu çalışma, 2013-2022 dönemi için Türkiye’nin beyaz eşya sektörü ve 6 alt sektörüne (ev tipi buzdolapları, ev tipi derin dondurucular, ev tipi çamaşır makineleri, ev tipi bulaşık yıkama makineleri ile fırın, mikro dalga fırın ve diğer pişiriciler) ilişkin rekabet gücünü incelemeyi ve sektörün dış ticaret yapısını ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada Açıklanmış Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlük Endeksi (RCA) ve Ticaret Dengesi Endeksi (TBI) kullanılmıştır. Yapılan hesaplamalar sonucunda, Türkiye’nin beyaz eşya sektörü ve alt sektörlerinde net ihracatçı ve yüksek rekabet gücüne sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Presentación
Authors: Universidad de Caldas
Published: December 2024

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Retorno a Bruno Latour. Pensando la teoría del actor red como un espacio urbano
Authors: León Eduardo Alberto , Barria-Asenjo Nicol A. , Ayala Colqui Jesús , Salas Gonzalo , Piedra Rosales Jorge Antonio
Published: December 2024

En este artículo se analiza la teoría del actor-red en relación con la comprensión del universo social en los estudios urbanos, la sociología y la metafísica, con un enfoque particular en el libro París: ciudad Invisible de Latour. Se sostiene que, para evaluar críticamente la contribución de Latour a la comprensión del espacio urbano, es necesario examinar la infraestructura filosófica subyacente en su trabajo. Se argumenta que la teoría actor-red aborda las discontinuidades y heterogeneidades como aspectos fundamentales para entender la complejidad topológica de la dinámica urbana contemporánea. Se concluye que el enfoque de la teoría actor-red en la comprensión de la arquitectura y la geografía del universo social puede ser útil para el análisis crítico de la dinámica urbana en la sociedad actual.
Non-destructive quantitative elemental analysis of the surface of materials
Authors:   Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High-Purity Materials of the Russian Academy of Sciences, EGOROV E.V. ,   Fryazino Branch of Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, EGOROV V.K. ,   Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High-Purity Materials of the Russian Academy of Sciences, KORENEVSKI E.L. ,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute)
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the possibilities of the Rutherford backscattering and proton-induced X-ray emission methods, as well as the features of their application for non-destructive elemental diagnostics of the surface of materials. It is shown that the combined use of these methods makes it possible to quantitatively characterize the chemical composition of the surface layers of various objects and to determine the elemental concentration profile over the thickness of these layers with nanoscale resolution. The use of the methods is demonstrated by examples of thin-film coatings, samples of oil and textile industry.
Ball lightning. "Soap bubble" model
Authors:   Tomsk State University, MAYER G.V.
Published: December 2024

The expediency and necessity of application of Bohr's principle of additionality in the study of ball lightning phenomenon is discussed. On the basis of personal observations, a new hypothesis about the structure of ball lightning is proposed. Some features of the ball lightning explained in the framework of the proposed model are discussed.
Evaluation of TiAl oxidation depth due to the grain boundary diffusion of oxygen
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Material Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, CHEPAK-GIZBREKHT M.V. , KNYAZEVA A.G. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Material Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

Diffusion along the grain boundaries accelerates the high-temperature oxidation of Ti-Al intermetallic compounds. The paper presents the results of a numerical study of grain boundary diffusion accompanied by oxidation. Calculations are based on a two-dimensional model with explicit allowance for grains, boundaries, and triple junctions between them. Diffusion and kinetic properties of boundaries and grains differ. The results show the influence of grain sizes, the fraction of the boundary phase, and the diffusion coefficients on the dynamics of the oxygen saturation depth. The role of grain boundary diffusion in the formation of a complex structure of the surface layer is demonstrated.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF 3D PRINTED CONTINUOUS CARBON FIBER/ POLYPROPYLENE LATTICE CORE COMPOSITE SANDWICH STRUCTURE
Authors: Türkoğlu İbrahim Kürşad , Bayram Tolgahan , Yazıcı Murat
Published: December 2024

The production of functional parts with 3D manufacturing techniques has started to disclose fascinating studies. Although only thermoplastic filaments were initially used, fiber-reinforced composite parts can be produced using developing techniques. This study investigated the quasi-static and dynamic mechanical performance of 3D printed continuous Carbon Fiber Reinforced (CFR) composite sandwich panels. Sandwich panels were designed with a prismatic lattice core between CFR composite facesheets. Continuous CFR Thermoplastic (Polypropylene (PP)) Monofilament Composites (CCTMC) were used to produce sandwich structures. CCTMC sandwiches were produced with a laboratory-scale production system, including thermoplastic extruder and mold designed specifically. Facesheets of sandwiches were manufactured in a hot compression mold as [0°/90°/0°] stacking sequence as three-layers using the same CCTMCs. The sandwich panels were fully recyclable and ultra-lightweight, and pyramidal-shaped truss-type lattice cores were placed as the core of the structure. Test results showed test specimens had stand ~270 kN peak force in the compression test and ~240 kN peak force in 3-point bending, and the deformation in the structure occurred when the mono composite element reached the buckling limit. In the dynamic 3- point bending, the peak force value increased approximately 2 times and reached 450 kN due to the strain-rate dependence of the material.
R1234YF SOĞUTUCU AKIŞKANI KULLANAN İÇ ISI DEĞİŞTİRİCİLİ BİR OTOMOBİL KLİMA SİSTEMİNİN PERFORMANSININ R134A’LI SİSTEM İLE KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: Güngör Umut , Hoşöz Murat
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada, termostatik genleşme valfli deneysel bir otomobil klima sisteminin R1234yf ve R134a soğutucu akışkanları kullanılması durumundaki çeşitli performans parametrelerinin değerleri belirlenmiş ve karşılaştırmalı olarak sunulmuştur. Masa üstü deney seti şeklinde kurulan sisteme, R1234yf ile çalışırken karşılaşılacak performans düşmesinin telafi edilmesi amacıyla emme ve sıvı hatları arasında ısı transferi sağlayan eş merkezli bir iç ısı değiştirici eklenmiştir. Isı değiştirici, sadece R1234yf testlerinin bir kısmında kullanılmıştır. Çevrimdeki soğutucu akışkan debisi ile çeşitli noktalardaki basınç ve sıcaklıkların sürekli rejim şartlarındaki değerleri ölçülmüştür. Ölçüm sonuçları kullanılarak çevrim bileşenlerinin enerji ve ekserji analizleri yapılmış, böylece çeşitli performans parametrelerinin değerleri akışkan ve ısı değiştirici kullanım durumuna göre belirlenerek birbirleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. R1234yf’li sistemin evaporatör yükü, ısı değiştirici kullanılmaması ve kullanılması durumlarında R134a’lı sistemden ortalama olarak sırasıyla %12,9 ve %11,2 daha düşük bulunmuştur. Isı değiştiricisiz R1234yf’li sistemin STK değeri, R134a’lı sistemden ortalama %5,3 kadar daha küçük iken, ısı değiştiricinin devreye alınmasıyla STK iyileşmekte ve ortalama olarak sadece %2,5 daha küçük çıkmaktadır. Isı değiştiricisiz durumda R1234yf’li sistemin ekserjik verimi, R134a’lı klimadan ortalama %18,1 kadar daha küçük çıkmakta, ısı değiştirici devreye alındığında ise ekserjik verim ortalama % 6,1 daha düşük olmaktadır.
GRAFEN OKSİT İLE YÜZEY İYİLEŞTİRME YAPILMIŞ JÜT LİFLERİN HARÇ KARIŞIMLARIN MEKANİK ÖZELLİKLERİ VE KURUMA BÜZÜLME DAVRANIŞINA ETKİSİ
Authors: Özen Süleyman
Published: December 2024

Çimentolu sistemlerin mekanik özelliklerini iyileştirebilmek ve süneklik kazandırmak amacı ile genellikle karışımlara lif ilave edilmektedir. Doğal liflerin üretim maliyetinin daha düşük olması, daha az karbon emisyonu ve fosil yakıt tüketimi, biyolojik olarak parçalanabilirlik, daha düşük yoğunluk ve imalat kolaylığı gibi çevresel etkilerinin daha az olması nedeniyle tercih edilmektedir. Diğer yandan, grafen türevi malzemelerin, lif-matris mekanik ve arayüz özelliklerini iyileştirici bir etki gösterdiği kanıtlanmıştır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, grafen-oksit (GO) ile yüzey iyileştirme işlemine tabi tutulan jüt liflerinin harç karışımlarının işlenebilirliğine, basınç dayanımı, eğilme dayanımı, su emme ve kuruma-büzülme performanslarına etkisi araştırılmıştır. Deneysel çalışma kapsamında lif içermeyen kontrol karışımına ilaveten, 0,5 ve 1 cm uzunluğuna sahip GO kaplamalı ve kaplamasız jüt lifler toplam hacmin %0,1, 0,3 ve 0,5 oranlarında karışıma ilave edilerek farklı lifli harç karışımları hazırlanmıştır. Deney sonuçlarına göre lif içeren karışımlarda su azaltıcı katkı ihtiyacı artmıştır. Karışımlara 0,5 cm ve %0,1 lif ilave edilmesi basınç ve eğilme dayanımlarını artırmıştır. GO kaplama yapılması kaplamasız liflere kıyasla dayanımların bir miktar artmasını sağlamıştır. Su emme oranları basınç dayanımı ile ters orantı göstermiştir. Lif ilave edilmesi kuruma-büzülme miktarlarını düşürmüştür. GO kaplama yapılan lifler bu durumda olumlu yönde daha etkili olmuştur. Ancak GO kaplı lif içeriklerinin %0,1’den fazla olması kuruma-büzülmelerin artmasına neden olmuştur.
Primary cell culture of dorsal fin-derived fish fibroblasts in a CO2-independent environment v1
Authors: Santos Catarina , Moço Mariana , M Moreno Joao
Published: December 2024

A strong limitation to conduct experimental studies on non-model freshwater fish is related to the conservation status of about 20% of the species that are currently classified at least as vulnerable by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (Global Freshwater Fish Assessment 2020). To address this limitation, fin-derived cell cultures have emerged as a promising non-lethal tool for various assays, enabling the assessment of factors such as pollutants, environmental changes, and more. In this study, we present a protocol for obtaining primary cell cultures from dorsal fin samples of freshwater cyprinids belonging to the Squalius genus. This protocol could potentially be applied and adapted for use with a broad range of other freshwater fish species.