Research of the optimization problem of structure hierarchical communication network with changing its parameters
Authors: Vasyanin Volodymyr O. , Trofymchuk Oleksandr M. , Ushakova Liudmyla P. 
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of optimizing the hierarchical structure of a multicommodity communication network with discrete flows when changing its important parameters, such as the capacity of network arcs in transport blocks and the size of the transport block for transportation of the discrete small-lot cargo or of the data transmission in a digital communication network. The network has three levels of hierarchy – a backbone, a zonal and an internal and four types of nodes - backbone nodes of the first, second and third types, forming the backbone and zonal levels of the network, and nodes of the fourth type, which subordinate to each backbone node and forming the internal levels of the network. Types of nodes differ from each other in terms of functionality. The main task of the study is to establish how the structure of the backbone network changes (the number and location of backbone nodes of the first, second, and third types), the flow processing and distribution scheme, and the technical and economic indicators of the network's functioning for different values of its parameters. The principles of organization of sorting and distribution of flows in a three-level network and its mathematical model are given. A mathematical model of the optimization problem of the backbone network structure and flow sorting and distribution scheme is formulated. Algorithms for solving the problem are based on the discrete analogue of the local descent method proposed by the authors earlier, when the neighborhoods of the metric space of possible solutions are chosen based on heuristic considerations, taking into account the specifics of the problem being solved. Computer modeling of the problem on a network containing 10 nodes at the specified change in the both parameters is carried out. The modeling was carried out on the example of the transport network of cargo transportation using a computer program that is part of the instrumental software of the Information and Analytical Decision Support System (IA DSS), which is being developed at the Institute of Telecommunications and Global Information Space of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. An experimental study of solution the problem showed that the structure of the network is weakly dependent on the change in the carrying capacity of the arcs and the size of the transport block. The proposed computer technology for solving problem when the network parameters are changed allows you to interactively modeling various options of a network, changing the topology, hierarchical structure, flows, parameters and constraints of the model and from the set of the obtained solutions to choose a best option, taking into account the selected a goal function and the accepted constraints; calculate preliminary technical and economic indicators of the network's functioning, estimate the cost of additional resources and plan the amount of investment required for the modernization and construction of its structural elements, which ultimately makes it possible to increase the efficiency functioning of the network by optimizing use of its resources and reducing the operating costs for the processing and transportation of flows.