bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of Information Security Threats Using Data Mining Approach in Campus Network
Authors: Awang Norkhushaini , Samy Ganthan Narayana , Hassan Noor Hafizah , Maarop Nurazean , Magalingam Pritheega , Kamaruddin Norshaliza
Published: June 2020

Comprehensive risk assessment implementation in an organization is crucial in order to safeguard valuable organization assets and to minimize information security threats. Thus, inadequate information security risk assessment may result in compromised confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the information system due to unauthorized access particularly in the education domain. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to identify several information security threat risks related to the University Information System. Hence, data from intrusion prevention system (IPS) has been collected from the selected university campus network. Moreover, under Python language, Anaconda is used as a machine learning environment to do the data analysis of the collected data. Basically, the analysis of the university campus network data identified various types of information security threats such as database-related attacks. The contribution of this research is to guide the network administrator to develop an appropriate incident response plan based on the identified threats from the risk assessment activity.
Implementing Location-Based Cryptography on Mobile Application Design to Secure Data in Cloud Storage
Authors: Shamsuddin Nur Syafiqah Mohd , Pitchay Sakinah Ali
Published: June 2020

This paper aims to identify security issues and existing solutions for cloud storage protection and to propose a mobile application design for securing data in cloud storage using the location-based cryptographic technique. In the proposed mobile application design, the user is required to perform the encryption before sending the data into the cloud storage. This paper provides a novel technique using location-based cryptography, secret keyword and hash function in order to further enhance the security of data in cloud storage that is currently only using either asymmetric or symmetric encryption algorithm. Asymmetric encryption’s has high security but due to the complexity in its computing, the performance rate is low while symmetric encryption’s performance is much faster as its implementation is easy. However, the attacker can still hack the data in cloud storage when either one of this encryption methods being used alone without any additional security layer. In this paper, location-based cryptography technique used consists of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm and location information which are longitude and latitude coordinates. Those coordinates will be employed in the encryption and decryption process as additional security mechanism on top of existing cryptography method by generating supplementary encryption key called geo-lock key. Dynamic Toleration Distance (DTD) protocol will also be implemented with those coordinates to improve its practicality before it will be converted into the geo-lock key. AES algorithm will handle encryption and decryption process using the geo-lock key while secret keyword which defined by the user before starting the process will be used to authenticate the upload and downloading process. Both geo-lock key and secret keyword will be hashed using Secure Hash Algorithm 2 (SHA 2) and stored together with encrypted file in the cloud storage. The purpose of using location information is to ensure the encrypted file can be decrypted at intended location only while hash function is employed to protect the keys when they are stored in cloud storage. As a result, any unauthorized access to the file in cloud storage will not be allowed since each stored file was encrypted by the high performance of AES algorithm together with the decryption’s location restriction and the non-reversable hashed keys. The proposed mobile application design will serve an improvement in protecting stored data at cloud storage by using AES algorithm with location information as data encryption method and SHA 2 function for hashing the keys.
The Progressive Multilevel Embedding Method for Audio Steganography
Authors: Alsabhany Ahmed A. , Ridzuan Farida , Azni A. H.
Published: June 2020

Audio steganography refers to hiding a secret message inside a cover audio file. The existing methods follow almost a sequential embedding which leads to poor utilization of the cover. The proposed method aims to achieve the maximum feasible capacity of the audio file without lowering the quality. The proposed method is based on seven levels of thresholds and six LSB layers, while the embedding is carried out progressively. The method allocates the message bits over the cover signal horizontally to ensure fair payload distribution over the signal. Hence, the selected samples might be visited multiple times till the message is totally embedded. The experimental results show that the method is able to reach a hiding capacity of 40% of the file size or 266.6 kbps while maintaining an SNR and PSNR values of 40 and 58 dB respectively. It is concluded that the proposed progressive method is highly adaptive to the message size and capable of providing high-quality stego even when big payloads are used. The comparative study shows that the progressive method provides the best message distribution based on the nature of the cover.
Fractional charged leptons in a 331 Model
Authors: Romero Abad D , Ramirez Barreto E
Published: June 2020

The extensions of the Standard Model based on

S
U

(
3
)

C

⊗
S
U

(
3
)

L

⊗
U

(
1
)

X

gauge group are known as 331 Models. Different properties, as the fermion assignment and the electric charges of the exotic spectrum, that defines a particular version of the model, are fixed by a parameter β. In this work, we explore a 331 version, set by the condition

β
=

1
/

(
3

3

)

, where new particles arise with peculiar signatures as heavy fractionally charged leptons and electrical neutral quarks, among others. We examine different sectors of the model with emphasis in the Yukawa lagrangian of the new leptons, in order to study their branching fraction for scalar particles.
OAUNI astronomical photometry: Stellar variability of FO Aqr on 2016 low state
Authors: Pereyra A
Published: June 2020

This work reports a photometric monitoring of the intermediate polar cataclysmic variable star FO Aqr. This is part of the ongoing OAUNI stellar variability program. Around 1200 individual measurements (or ∼ 9 hrs of observations) were gathered distributed in five nights. The observation epoch was coincident with the 2016 low state brightness of FO Aqr. Good quality light curves detect unambiguously the expected stellar variability of FO Aqr. The analysis using periodograms let to determine the main two known periods, P1 = 20.380 ± .003 min and P2 = 11.076 ± .001 min. Our full five-nights analysis shows that P1, the spin white dwarf period, is more prominent than P2, the one-half of the beat period between the spin and orbital periods. Nevertheless, individual light curves show than, at least in one case, a reverse pattern is found. It suggests a dependence of the beat period with the orbital phase of the system with important variations at the same phase interval.
Axially Symmetric Configuration in the Skyrme Gauge Model
Authors: Rybakov Y. P. , Benavente Ramirez E. , García Roca Sayri T.
Published: June 2020

The structure of axially symmetric fields in the skyrme model with a gauge field is studied. The Hamiltonian and topological charge are constructed in the corresponding invariant class. A discrete internal group of the model is indicated, which allows to simplify the energy functional significantly.
Chirality and neutrinos, a student first approach
Authors: da Motta Hélio
Published: June 2020

Does Nature care about left-handed and right-handed configurations? Are left and right just two versions of the same thing? Although at first we may think that a particular orientation is irrelevant the fact is that Nature may distinguish between left-handed and right-handed systems. This results in different behaviors and properties. In this short presentation we will approach this phenomenon and how it affects the neutrinos.
Automation of a seed on tray seeder machine
Authors: Arteaga Oscar , Amores Katherine , Terán Héctor , Cangui RicharS. , Ramírez André , Hurtado C Samanta , Inlago Dayana , Chuquimarca Bryan R
Published: June 2020

The machine aims to fully automate the process to sow seeds. Generally, these types of activities are semi-automatic, however, the proposed solution aims to improve the efficiency of the process and the reduction of human intervention. It mainly has a mechanical part whose technique is based on a four-bar system, as for the electronic and control part it is commanded by an Arduino card. The mechanical design was carried out using CAD software, and based on the results obtained by various flexural and deformation analysis software, it was possible to select the materials and the motor to be used. The process works from operational requirements such as: transmitting the linear movement of the components, placing and aligning the transport mechanism, transmitting enough power to drill and place the seeds and finally controlling the air flow. As a result, this automated method represents 25% more efficiency and a 50% reduction in personnel compared to the manual method. In the same way, a filling of 87% of cavities for seeds was obtained, this being its highest efficiency with a pressure in the range of 0.2 to 0.3 MPa in the pressure ejector.
Energy-distance & degree: multi-objective based optimized clustering and route discovery in wireless sensor network
Authors: Mahendran N , Mekala T
Published: June 2020

Network lifetime (NL) and energy preserving of sensor node is the most vital problem in the deployment of wireless sensor networks (WSNs
). An approach of cluster based path establishment shows the way in which cluster heads (CHs
) collect the information with each other and transfers into the sink (nS
) via multi-hop routing. In this paper, we present path establishment and CHs
selection through Energy-Distance and Degree (EDD) based clustering (EDDCH) and route discovery (EDDRD). The networks divided into multiple groups and each CHs
support to each other for data forwarding also the smaller sized clusters closest to the nS
and huge size clusters remote from the S increases the lifetime of the network. The simulation results compared with the existing route optimization named as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) in terms of residual energy (RE
) and network lifetime (NL
).
Analysis of gate engineered asymmetric junctionless double gate MOSFET for varying operating conditions
Authors: Mendiratta Namrata , Lata Tripathi Suman , Prakash Kolla Bhanu
Published: June 2020

In this paperan asymmetrical junctionless double-gate MOSFET(AJDG-MOSFET) has been analyzed using different gate oxide material like SiO2 and HfO2 and different gate contact material like aluminium, copper and polysilicon. To check the sensitivity of AJDG-MOSFET, a temperature analysis has been performed at a different temperature ranging 250-400K. The performance of AJDG-MOSFET is analyzed with transfer and output characteristics using 2D/3D simulation on Cogenda TCAD. The device performs better using HfO2 as gate oxide and polysilicon as gate contact. The ideal subthreshold performance (DIBL=65mV/V, SS=68 mV/decade) is observed with a high value of Ion/Ioff(∼1012) for 300K temperature. The analysis for temperature shows a very small variation in OFF current and found suitable for low power applications.
Recycling of lithium ion batteries using fungi based organic acids
Authors: Navaneethakrishnan V , Pavithra K , Vanitha V
Published: June 2020

There is a huge demand for the rechargeable Lithium ion batteries around the world as they act as the energy source for the electronic gadgets like smart phones, lap tops etc. There is also a revolution in the automotive sector in the form of electric vehicles(EVs)because of the depletion of fuels and environmental issues. The evolution of battery technology in the automotive sector has resulted in the usage of Lithium ion battery in electric vehicles because of the advantages such as eco-friendly, light weight, compactness and fast charging. Having a huge demand on one side, the trace of Lithium metals in the earth’s surface is getting reduced. For sustainable growth of electric vehicles, an effective and economical recycling technique for Lithium ion batteries is necessary. This paper focuses on the recycling of Lithium ion batteries using organic acids namely malic acid and citric acid obtained from fungi, namely ustilagotrichophora and Aspergillusniger. The batteries are leached with these organic acids and the precipitate of corresponding metals are obtained, which could be used for further manufacturing of batteries. A CAD model for the lithium ion battery recycling plant with safety measures to be followed is developed using AUTOCAD and its technical feasibility is discussed in this paper.
Energy efficiency sink based data collection protocol in WSN
Authors: Lalitha T , Nandhini K , Fairose Shebaa
Published: June 2020

A sensor node is that the significant part of a wireless sensor network. Sensor nodes have various roles in a network includes identifying data storage, data processing and routing method. Cluster is an organizational element for wireless sensor networks. The powerful environment of this network is very essential for them to be broken down into clusters to make easier responsibilities such as communication. Cluster heads are the group head of a cluster have greater data rate match the alternative cluster member. They frequently needed to associate activities within the cluster. These methods comprise but are not controlled to data aggregation and forming account of a cluster. Base station is at the upper level of organized wireless sensor network. It generates communication link among the sensor network and the end user. The data in a sensor network can be used for an enormous variety of applications. A detailed application is form use of network data over the internet retaining a personal digital assistant or desktop computer. This paper contributions mobility based reactive protocol named “Mobility of Sink based Data Collection Protocol (MSDCP)”. This protocol sensor with great energy and maximum quantity information are picked as cluster heads that gather data from the common nodes between the clusters. This data is placed unless mobile sink comes within the transmission area of cluster heads and request for the gathered data. One time the request is received from cluster head and it forward data to the mobile sink.
Metal contact RF MEMS switch design for high performance in Ka band
Authors: Narang Niharika , Singh Pushparaj
Published: June 2020

RF/microwave systems require switches to achieve tunability and reconfigurability. MEMS switches have always been a priority due to excellent RF performance (low insertion loss and high isolation). In this work, we present an RF Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System (RF MEMS) series switch that provides insertion loss less than 0.6 dB (on switch) and isolation better than 15 dB (off switch) at 40GHz. The designed switch consists of serpentine arms on the fixed end and two free-moving arms on another end. These free arms have individual contact points to overcome asperity problem during on state. To avoid self-actuation, bumps (0.6um) are used at the bottom side. This electrostatically actuated switch requires a pull-in voltage of 3.1V for 2.4 μm displacement in 67.14 μs time. The proposed switch is analysed in COMSOL software, and its RF characteristics are simulated in HFSS.
Testing empirically the impact of inflating diesel prices in WPI and CCI
Authors: Shinghal Ajay Kumar , Nagar Harish
Published: June 2020

Diesel is a price determinant among various other commodities, because it is being used extensively in the construction projects, and rise or fall in its price will directly have an impact on the price of various commodities and overall cost of a construction project. In the Indian construction industry, in most of the contracts barring few, the variation in the project cost due to inflating diesel price is being calculated using WPI. CIDC has taken an initiative to develop construction-specific cost indices (CCI) but it is not being commonly used by the industry. Empirically, it has been observed that the cost of escalation, in the price of diesel, obtained from the present method is too low then the actual cost escalation incurred in the construction projects. For this reason, the focus of this study is on WPI and CCI with un-predictable inflation in the price of Diesel in India.
Analysis of air quality data in the city of Bogotá through clustering techniques
Authors: Silva Jesús , Adriana Londoño Luz , Varela Noel , Pineda Lezama Omar Bonerge , Lozano Ayarza Liliana Patricia , Mojica Herazo Julio Cesar
Published: June 2020

Climate change is one of the problems facing society today because of its impacts on the health of living beings. That is why the authorities need tools that provide them with the information necessary to make decisions that will reduce the impact of such change. This paper proposes a strategy to group the air quality data of the metropolitan area of the City of Bogotá from 2014 to 2018, in order to recognize the measurement patterns in the environmental contaminants that cause pre-contingencies and environmental contingencies in the area of the City of Bogotá.
Study of the principal component analysis in air quality databases
Authors: Silva Jesús , Londoño Luz Adriana , Varela Noel , Pineda Lezama Omar Bonerge
Published: June 2020

Technological development has facilitated daily habits, business, the manufacture of large quantities of products, among other types of industrial activities; however, these advances have caused environmental deterioration that seriously threatens the development of society. The increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere affects the health of millions of people and is the main factor that has modified the climate on planet Earth. Faced with this situation, it is necessary to carry out actions that allow to quickly adapt to this change and mitigate its effects. The present study proposes the analysis of main components in the data of the pollutant measurements in the city of Bogota, Colombia with the purpose of obtaining a more compact representation of these data, to later apply grouping techniques and obtain factors that allow the emission of an alert for pre-contingency and contingency.
Energy Balance in a Greenhouse: Temperature and Humidity Monitoring
Authors: Viloria Amelec , Rosania Altahona Tiana Alexandra , Pineda Lezama Omar Bonerge
Published: June 2020

Currently, the world is in a necessary stage of energy transition due to the high rates of pollutants emitted into the environment. The agricultural sector contributes only 7% of these to the environment, a figure that is not alarming but certainly intervenes in the generation of pollution [1]. Environment offers some properties that can be considered such as the radiation provided by the sun, which is used today in greenhouses ranging from small and rustic to others of large dimensions and sophisticated systems of control and monitoring. This study consists of the supervision with a data acquisition system which (temperature and relative humidity sensors), show the thermal and humidity behavior, thus allowing to know which physical magnitude varies faster through time.
Energy potential of vinasse derived from rum manufacturing
Authors: Vásquez Stanescu Carmen Luisa , Carrillo Kevin , Espinoza Betzabeth , Rizzo Aniello , Fajardo Carla , Ramírez-Pisco Rodrigo , Viloria Amelec
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyse the energetic potential of the vinasse coming from the distillation of rum. 10 to 15 l of vinasse are obtained for each unit of alcohol. This is being used as fertilizer for the cultivation of sugar cane. Three samples are analysed for physical, chemical and fuel properties: raw vinasse, its distillate and residue. The results demonstrated that raw vinasse can be used as an additive to liquid fuels with a calorific value of approximately 792 kJ/kg and a boiling point above that of flammability, which flavours the non-formation of vapours. The amount of solid waste present could be detrimental to atomization inside furnaces or its flow through combustion chambers, so it must be pre-treated.
Study of technologies implemented in the operation of SF6 switches
Authors: Díaz Sergio , Nuñez José , Berdugo Kelly , Gomez Kevin
Published: June 2020

This research aims to evaluate the trends in the publication of papers on issues related to power circuit breakers, aimed at the technologies implemented, as well as those countries with higher level of publications, making a comparison between authors, research institutes, and a description of the last 10 years with more publications. All the information found in this report is compiled in bibliographic databases such as books of substation designs and research papers with a focus on electrical protection equipment and emphasis on high voltage switching devices. A technology research is conducted over the last ten years to analyze the state of the art of high voltage operating elements with respect to new technologies.
Experimental determination of resistance to penetration by dynamic action of a body made entirely of iron oxide and iron oxide and chip alloys
Authors: Méndez Habid Santiago , Cruz Consuegra William De La , Mesino Enois Molina , Rojas Millán Rafael Humberto , Orozco Aguinaga Carlos Alberto , Rivera Moisés Hinojosa
Published: June 2020

The present article arises from the study of the mechanical behavior of a body composed entirely of iron oxide and iron oxide and chip alloys through the experimental determination of resistance to impact by dynamic action through the application of loads of impact provided by a Charpy pendulum. The resistive evaluation will be useful for the development of new engineering materials, either to design structures or to design and manufacture machine parts. The study also evaluates the materials’ level of absorption of impact energy, or their capacity to partially absorb the energy from the impact loads. Possible applications include the design of new materials for use in the automotive industry, for example for collision protection systems for vehicles, among others. The tested materials are derived from metallurgical processes that involve various stages of iron smelting, from melting and casting of the metal until obtaining the test specimens.
Image encryption using dynamic DNA encoding and pixel scrambling using composite chaotic maps
Authors: Aditya K , Mohanty Ashish K , Ragav G Aravinth , Thanikaiselvan V , Amirtharajan R
Published: June 2020

In this digital world, encryption plays an important role in various domains. Securing the information is the main goal when transfer of information takes place. Image encryption is a very important part of this as it applies to various domains like medical, multimedia, defence etc. A new method for image encryption is proposed here taking into account the “confusion-diffusion” structure. While working with secure data, requirements like fast computation, compression and processing are important issues. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) encoding has the capability to cope up with this requirement. In this paper a new algorithm is proposed based on composite chaos map for pixel scrambling and hence image encryption. First the algorithm takes the image and XORs with a composite chaotic map which further goes into dynamic DNA encoding followed by pixel scrambling which results in the image being very random thus it becomes less prone to attacks. The method discussed performs efficiently as shown in the experimental results.
AlGaN/GaN HEMT for highly sensitive detection of Bio-molecules using transconductance method
Authors: Kumar Reddy P Pavan , Lakshmi S Bhagya , Arivazhgan L , Raj Kumar J S , Nirmal D
Published: June 2020

For the first time, AlGaN/GaN HEMT is demonstrated for bio-sensing application using transconductance analysis. A lot of HEMT based biosensors were developed experimentally but very few reported on sensing applications. These devices are ideal for sensing or tracking biomolecule because of the spontaneous and piezoelectric polarization properties. AlGaN/GaN HEMT with nanogap cavity is used to detect different biomolecule like streptavidin, protein and uricase. The sensitivity of AlGaN/GaN HEMT is investigated through drain current (ID) and transconductance(gm) and is analyzed using Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) tool. The result shows a noticeable change in drain current on introducing different biomolecules below the gate cavity region. Higher sensitivity was obtained for with Transconductance analysis than with drain current analysis.
Free vibration analysis of laminated sandwich plates under thermal loading
Authors: Garg A , Chalak H D
Published: June 2020

In present work, free vibration analysis of laminated sandwich plates is carried out under thermal loading. C-0 finite element based higher-order zigzag theory is used during analysis. Third-order variation of in-plane displacement field is assumed while for transverse displacement field, quadratic variation is used for core region and is taken constant for the face layers. Present model is free from any kind of penalty requirements. Also, the proposed model satisfies transverse shear stress continuity condition at interface and same is zero at top and bottom faces. Present results are compared with those available in literature. New results for sandwich plates are proposed in the present work which will serve as benchmark for future studies.
Co-sputtering of Lu2O3, Eu2O3 and Ga2O3 for optoelectronics applications
Authors: Mandal Pramod , Singh Udai P , Roy Sudesna
Published: June 2020

In this paper oxides of lutetium, gallium and europium were co-sputtered on to soda lime glass substrates to produce mixed rare earth oxides by physical vapour deposition (RF magnetron sputtering). Post deposition, the films were characterized by FESEM, XRD, ED-XRF and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The combinatorial oxides were successfully deposited on soda lime glass substrate with an aggregate thickness of 433 nm with uniform nanocrystalline microstructure and a transparent surface, with no visible cracks and defects. The optical properties show that the optical transmittance in the visible region (300 to 800 nm) is around 83%. The Tauc plot calculates that the band gap to be 3.96 eV indicating its good light absorbing capability. This shows that co-sputtering is an effective method to produce mixed rare earth oxides with wide band gap which can increase the operating temperatures and switching speeds for opto-electronic devices (like LED and radar).
Inhibition effect of sodium benzoate, zinc benzoate and zinc bromide on low carbon steel corrosion in dilute H2SO4 and HCL solution
Authors: loto Roland Tolulope
Published: June 2020

The corrosion inhibition performance of inorganic chemical compounds of sodium benzoate, zinc benzoate and zinc bromide on low carbon steel was studied in 0.5 M H2SO4 and HCl solution at volumetric concentrations of 10%, 30%, 50% and 70%. Results obtained from LCS inhibition in H2SO4 showed sodium benzoate performed poorly with highest and lowest inhibition efficiency value of 50.5% and 36.24% at concentrations of 70% and 10%. Zinc bromide performed most effectively in H2SO4 with highest and lowest results of 90.96% and 76.96% at concentrations of 50% and 10%. Zinc benzoate displayed good results with peak value of 88.32% at 70% concentration and lowest value of 46.79% at 10% concentration. The corresponding performance of the compounds in HCl solution showed zinc benzoate performed more effectively with highest and lowest value of 70.17% and 33.26% at concentrations of 50% and 10%. Sodium benzoate and zinc bromide displayed average performance in HCl solution with optimal values of 67.38% and 55.40% at 30% concentration. Statistical analysis through analysis of variance showed exposure time is the only relevant factor (independent variable) in both acids responsible for the inhibition performance of the compounds with significance factor above 100%. The second independent variable (inhibitor concentration) was determined to be statistically irrelevant with significance factor below zero.
Investigation of copper-water loop heat pipe for different filling ratios
Authors: Anikivi Atmanand , Naik Rudra , Narasihma K Rama
Published: June 2020

The present work reported here involves the experimental investigation and performance evaluation of loop heat pipe (LHP) with flat evaporator and wick made up of stainless-steel mesh. The experiment is conducted for different fill ratio such as 40%, 50%, 60% and different heat loads of 20 W, 40 W, 60 W, 80 W and 100 W using De-Ionized water as fluid for electronic cooling applications. And evaluated operating performance of loop heat pipes for both steady and transient state. The evaporator, condenser, liquid line and vapour line are made up of copper and are placed in horizontal orientation. The results show Under forced water-cooling condition with the cooling water temperature of 25 °C, the LHP can transfer a maximum heat load of 100 W with the evaporator temperature of 92°C and a minimum thermal resistance of 0.5332 °C/W.
Simulation and optimization for a plastic component
Authors: Pashte Samhita , Wagle Kiran , Agrawal Shailesh , Sudhakar D S S , Patil Bhushan , Singraur Deepika S
Published: June 2020

This paper presents the simulation of injection moulding process of the subject component and noting the deflection results using finite element software. Subsequently some changes were made to the tool and part design of the subject component and the modifications which gave the minimum deflection were incorporated and used for further optimization of warpage using design of experiments.
A feasibility study of plastic as an alternative to air package in performance vehicle
Authors: Kandekar Prithviraj , Acharaya Akshay , Chatta Aakash , Kamat Anup , Patil Arun Y , Kotturshettar Basavaraj B
Published: June 2020

Blowing tires are far more than just distress. The Government body National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) estimates 733 fatalities in 2016 alone and at least 11,000 tire-related crashes arise every year, also not all of these were a result of a burst tire, but unquestionably they contribute. This analysis aims to replace packaging materials like air with different non-explosive medium. In this analysis, plastic is the priority material as there is an abundance of plastic on earth and we need to manage the extensive use of plastic. Every year 380 million tons of plastic get wasted. In this analysis, we are considering a Formula one tire which is a sport of extensive engineering and ideas. Only static structural analysis is carried as a lack of resources of manufacturing a special type of plastic which again is the other way around then of reducing the pollution. The model of the wheel was prepared according to the rules stated by the FIA in SOLIDWORKS 2016. The necessary calculations include reaction forces, mass-energy conversions and bending moments. The model was analysed for two materials which are air and polyethylene. The virtual simulation and structural analysis were performed using ANSYS workbench. Some of the important parameters which were considered for analysis are the order of an element, mesh size and mesh type. Both the air and polyethylene simulation results were compared and a convergence graph is plotted to check the results of deformation with varying element sizes.
Flow modeling and simulation study of vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process: A review
Authors: Shah M , Chaudhary V
Published: June 2020

In recent times, vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) has become a promising technique for the processing of large composite structures. On the contrary, there are few issues related to VARTM processing as many process parameters are involved and required to optimize them to achieve high fiber volume fraction containing composite material. These issues can be addressed and resolved by an understanding of various flow modeling techniques and simulation methods. In this present study, a review of different approaches in flow modeling and simulation of the VARTM process is presented. The processing technology of VARTM along with the fundamental and constitutive models for mold filling stage as well as curing stage such as permeability, compaction, resin viscosity and cure kinetics are presented. The numerical simulation methods adopted by various researchers used to simulate the filling processes with their specific applications and simulation software are also reported and reviewed. As an outcome, identification of permeability of various fibers and simulation processing time are more predominant factors to perform accurate VARTM simulation.
Study on rectification of issues faced by ultrasonic welding of medical “e-stethoscope” by adhesive bonding technique
Authors: Bhopi S C , Miriyala V B R , Parab S V , Haldankar A S , Pandey S P
Published: June 2020

Ultrasonic welding is used as an effective method for the welding of thin films in medical plastics for pills to the packing of medical devices. It provides the device with high adherence to sustain in the working environment. Despite being one of the most acceptable methods to fuse the materials in the medical field, it’s few limitations can cause a great impact on the quality of the product. The paper deals with the problem faced by a company named “Ayu Devices Pvt Ltd.” which manufactures Electronic Stethoscopes. The device case was welded using the ultrasonic welding process, but because of the frequency conveyed on different electronic components, it led to the rejection of the devices in the quality check-up. Since the rejection rate raised to an approximation of 45% at the quality check-up, there was a need to find an alternate method in a similar device case. The adhesive bonding technique using cyanoacrylate is adopted for further manufacturing of the device. A fair comparison is made based on the bond strength delivered and the rejection percentage due to electronic components failure by both the methods.
Mechatronic approach in hydraulic braking system
Authors: Boorla Rajesh , Moizuddin Mohammed , Reddy Gankidi Gangadhar , Nouman Syed Faisal
Published: June 2020

In present automotive sector there are magnificent transformations from mechanical to electrical with intensive changes. Each and every one is showing enthusiasm towards vehicles. In addition, humans are very much fascinated towards vehicles where they are driving faster than before. Many types of braking system have been introduced but this paper explains whether the brakes can be applied with less human effort by removing the solid linkage present in between pedal and master cylinder. In order to make the braking system economical and affordable, we are introducing a mechatronic technique which helps us in eliminating the solid linkage present in between the pedal which is linked to master cylinder, linking the pedal to linear potentiometer for the resistance. As the resistance starts varying, difference in braking will be observed. This technique helps in reducing manual effort. Working will be effective and efficient if the components are given more than recommended power supply.
Turned AISI 4340 Heat-Treated Steel Surface Quality Investigations in Dry and MQL Cooling Conditions
Authors: Sikdar Hiraman N , Rao M VeeraBhadra , Patil Bhushan T , Shaikh Vasim A , Sudhakar DSS
Published: June 2020

Heat treatment of machine components such as Annealing, normalizing, hardening, case hardening and other surface treatments have given better endurance to static and dynamic loads and stresses for many service applications. Most of the components are heat treated after machining once major dimensional controls are met. However, after heat treatment, it was observed the dimensional inaccuracies such as actual dimensions values, surface quality deterioration due to scale formation and material combinations with surrounding media at elevated temperatures attempts to recheck the errors and dimensional variations in the components. Machining after heat treatment also is necessary and is practiced and there arises problems of different chemistry and physical behavior of tool and material machining conditions. In order to know the effects of the heat treatment on machining, an attempt is made to study the variations in the process using design of experiment (DOE) approach taking surface roughness parameter as response.
Productivity improvement through identifying hazardous conditions in steel foundry
Authors: Bernard Edward , Patange Gajanan Shankarrao
Published: June 2020

Steel production from past decade shows prominent growth in Indian economy. Rapid strides have also made towards further growth and commissioning of new capacities. One of the prominent Productivity measurement tool in any company is the labor cost and its safety. In this paper, we discuss and identify the core hazardous conditions in steel foundry which may directly effects the productivity of steel industries. We also suggested the measures taken from technologies advancement, and to improve the occupational conditions of foundry.
Influence of Al-3Ti-0.15C and Ce on Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Al-Si-Cu 319 alloy
Authors: Patel D N , Joseph J , Sutaria M P
Published: June 2020

In the present research, an attempt has been made to evaluate the effects of addition of Al-3Ti-0.15C (0.05wt%) master alloy with different concentration (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.8, 1wt%) of cerium (Ce), a rare earth element on microstructure and tensile properties of Al-Si-Cu 319 alloy. Optical microscopy (OM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) with EDS analysis was employed to study the microstructural modification and existence of intermetallic compounds. Experimental results show that addition of Ce with up to 0.3wt% increases the tensile properties up to 49.13% as compared to base alloy due to refinement of α-Al and modification of eutectic silicon. In contrast, tensile properties decline above 0.3wt% addition of Ce due to formation of needle like intermetallic compounds. These Ce rich needles like intermetallic compounds suppress the effect of modification, decreasing tensile properties of modified alloy.
Design and analysis of multi-angular gearless transmission system
Authors: Barot R P , Patel D M
Published: June 2020

The present work mainly focuses on finding an alternate option of gear drives for various power transmitting applications in different sectors. In this study, the gearless power transmission mechanism created to transmit the power at various angles between the driving shaft and driven shaft, ranging from 0° to 180°. The system is modeled and analyzed in CREO5.0 to check the feasibility of the system. The speed analysis revealed that the speed ratio of the output shaft to the input shaft remained 1:1 during operation. The von mises stress analysis indicated that the design is safe under specific loading criteria. It observed from deformation analysis that the maximum displacement has occurred at the corner of the elbow link. The failure index analysis of the elbow link revealed that the inner curvature of a link is subjected to the maximum possibility of failure.
A review on concrete filled tubular sections using self compacting concrete
Authors: Faldu Smeet , Pamnani Nanak
Published: June 2020

Concrete filled tubular section (CFT’s) is a composite column of hollow steel and concrete filled into it. This composite action of concrete and steel gives better performance under service. CFT’s carries higher loads as compared to steel column and conventional reinforced concrete, due to this property CFT’s are highly recommended for tall structures. CFT’s can provide more carpet area as compared to the RCC column due to cross section reduction in CFT’s. Study shows that for high rise buildings composite construction is economical. CFT’s are filled with normal concrete where the filling problems arise due to dense reinforcement or smaller cross section or the distance between two profiles are less, self compacting concrete (SCC) can be recommended due to its workability. The previous researcher shows a comparison between normal concrete, SCC and light weight aggregate concrete inside CFT’s with L/D and D/t ratios and different curing techniques for SCC.
Estimation of the soil loss in micro watersheds using morphometric analysis and GIS techniques
Authors: Muthukumar Surya , Ghanesh Goutham , Balasubramaniam Prabha , Prasanth  , Raghavapriya
Published: June 2020

Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) has now become the fastest growing technology which is found to be useful in many aspects. In current scenario, we face many problems in the form of flood in one side due to improper drainage system and on the other side we face water scarcity. There is a great demand for water at present. This is an ironical situation. As per the rainfall analysis, the amount of rainfall remains same during the years and it is not reduced, but the pattern of rainfall varied greatly. These factors lead to the inefficiency of water storage structures. For that, water resource management has become an inevitable study. RS and GIS acts as a tool used to delineate the watershed. Estimation of Morphometric parameters is done using GIS. Morphometric parameters are of three aspects-Linear aspects, Aerial aspects, Relief aspects. On determining the morphometric parameters, the most eroded region in the watershed is found and for that particular region, run-off is calculated using SCS-CN curve number method. The soil loss is estimated using USLE for the watershed. These techniques are used to find soil loss in the highly eroded sub-watershed in the Noyyal basin. This helps us in estimating the severity of soil erosion and thus a suitable soil - conservation method can be implemented in the watershed
Mixed metal oxide based electrochemical sensing of inhibitory neurotransmitter serotonin in the presence of dopamine
Authors: Krishnan Rajasree G , Saraswathyamma Beena , Sreedhar K M , David Sofia , Prakash Alisha P , Greeshma S
Published: June 2020

A mixed metal oxide modified electrode has been employed for the voltammetric determination of neurotransmitter serotonin in the presence of dopamine. The electrode was morphologically and electrochemically characterized using scanning electron microscope and cyclic voltammetry respectively. Differential pulse voltammetry were performed to measure the serotonin concentration at the electrode surface. A dynamic linear range of 0.2-52 μm was obtained. Viability of the sensor was tested in blood sample.
Strength studies on geopolymer concrete with GGBS and Fly ash
Authors: Nagalingam Ganesan , Chokkalingam Ramesh Babu
Published: June 2020

Geopolymer concrete is a pollution controlled and eco-friendly alternate material used for construction in the recent years. This concrete has many advantages and applications. The main aim of this study is to check the effect of Fly ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) on the mechanical properties of Geopolymer concrete at different replacement levels of GGBS by fly ash from 0 to 25% with 5% variation. From previous researches on Geopolymer concrete, an optimized mix is identified for testing mechanical behaviour. Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) of 12 Molarity is used as activator solution in the ratio of 1:2.5. A carboxylic based admixture called La Hypercrete S25 is added in the mix by 1% of the weight of GGBS for increasing the workability of Geopolymer concrete. Cubes of 100mm size are cast for determining the compression strength behavior. Cylinders of 100mm dia and 200mm height are cast for splitting tensile strength and beams of size 500mm length with 100mm x 100mm cross section are cast for flexural strength. The specimens are cured at ambient temperature and tested on 7 and 28 days. The test result shows the strengths gradually increases for 5, 10, 15 and 20% replacement of GGBS by fly ash. The maximum values are obtained for 20% of GGBS replacement by flyash in all the tests. The strengths reduce for replacements of above 20%. This study concludes that geopolymer concrete performs well in strength properties with GGBS and Fly ash.
Influence of mineral admixtures on impact strength of self-compacting concrete under elevated temperatures
Authors: Mathews Mervin Ealiyas , Anand N , Nandhagopal M
Published: June 2020

Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) is a special type of concrete that can be placed in its own weight and compacted without any vibrations. One of the biggest problems of its use in structures subject to high temperatures was the fire resistance of SCC materials. The grade of concrete used for this study is M20. Different replacement methods was adopted for the comparative performance study of supplementary mineral admixtures such as Fly Ash (FA), Silica Fume (SF) and Meta-Kaoline (MK). Fine aggregate and coarse aggregate are replaced with FA by 5% and 3% respectively. Fine aggregate is replaced with SF by 3%. Fine aggregate and coarse aggregate are replaced with MKby 4% and 2% respectively. Specimens are casted in cylinders of 150mm diameter and 63.5mm heightand cured for 28 days. After 28 days, specimens were heated in the muffle furnace at 500, 750 and 1000°C. Then all the specimens were tested and observed for impact strength, colour change and weight loss.
Novel fabrication technique for NiTi and TiN micro-structures by femtosecond lasers
Authors: Jithin M A , Ganapathi K L , Udayashankar N K , Mohan S
Published: June 2020

NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) thin films were deposited onto silicon substrate using pulsed DC magnetron sputtering technique. To obtain crystalline NiTi thin films has to be synthesized at higher temperatures (475 - 525) °C. This high temperature requirement restricts the ease in conventional lithographic procedures. The recent advancements in the laser micromachining lend their applications into the fabrication of miniaturized systems. The femtosecond lasers (FSL) allow non-thermal processing of materials by ablation. This work focuses on the deposition and fabrication of NiTi (≈1.5 μm. thick) and titanium nitride (TiN ≈0.3 μm. thick) thin films based miniaturized systems by femtosecond laser bulk micromachining. The NiTi and TiN microstructures were release by bottom silicon etch using reactive ion etching chlorine chemistry (RIE-Cl).
Effect of silica fume and induction furnace slag in the compaction and strength characteristics of black cotton soil
Authors: Joseph Winny , Sridhar R
Published: June 2020

The present investigation brings out the experimental outcomes of the influence of two industrial solid wastes on black cotton soil. It evaluates the changes in compaction and strength characteristics of the black cotton soil on addition of these solid wastes. Disturbed soil sampling had been done and as per Indian classification system the soil is classified as CH soil. The virgin soil is mixed with varied percentages of Silica fume and Induction furnace slag independently and its effect on compaction characteristics was ascertained. The proportions identified for silica fume and Induction Furnace slag are in the order of 5 to 20% of dry weight of soil with an incremental increase of 5%. The optimum percentage of silica fume was obtained from the compaction characteristics of the soil. After choosing optimum percentage of silica fume, further the compaction and strength characteristics of the soil was ascertained with optimum percentage of silica fume and varying percentage of induction furnace slag ie 10 to 20% with 5% increase. The results shows that maximum dry density for BC soil + 10% SF +20% IFS is 1.63 g/cc and UCS for BC Soil + 10% SF +15 % IFS is 138.76 kPa.