bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Alternative Epistemologies of Data Activism
Authors: Milan Stefania , Velden Lonneke van der
Published: December 2016

As datafication progressively invades all spheres of contemporary society, citizens grow increasingly aware of the critical role of information as the new fabric of social life. This awareness triggers new forms of civic engagement and political action that we term “data activism”. Data activism indicates the range of sociotechnical practices that interrogate the fundamental paradigm shift brought about by datafication. Combining Science and Technology Studies with Social Movement Studies, this theoretical article offers a foretaste of a research agenda on data activism. It foregrounds democratic agency vis-à-vis datafication, and unites under the same label ways of affirmative engagement with data (“proactive data activism”, e. g. databased advocacy) and tactics of resistance to massive data collection (“reactive data activism”, e. g. encryption practices), understood as a continuum along which activists position and reposition themselves and their tactics. The article argues that data activism supports the emergence of novel epistemic cultures within the realm of civil society, making sense of data as a way of knowing the world and turning it into a point of intervention and generation of data countercultures. It offers the notion of data activism as a heuristic tool for the study of new forms of political participation and civil engagement in the age of datafication, and explores data activism as an evolving theoretical construct susceptible to contestation and revision.
La democracia republicana: pasado y presente
Authors: Botana Natalio R.
Published: December 2016

Recordemos brevemente los orígenes de la tradición republicana en nuestro país y en América Latina. Cuando se fueron decantando los efectos de las guerras de Independencia, a comienzos del siglo XIX, la tradición republicana que pusimos en marcha en nuestro continente tuvo en mira, por efectos queridos y no queridos, tres objetos simultáneos: establecer el Estadofijando sus fronteras territoriales; instaurar una forma de gobierno: república en Hispanoamérica, monarquía constitucional y después república en Brasil; y, por fin, desarrollar una sociedad civil que, de acuerdo con su definición clásica en los siglos XVIII y XIX, suponía el desarrollo de una economía.
Praising the Unjust: The Moral Psychology of Patriotism in Plato’s Protagoras
Authors: Austin Emily A.
Published: December 2016

In Plato’s
Galen on Reason and Appetite: A Study of the De Moribus
Authors: Kaufman David
Published: December 2016

Throughout his ethical and psychological works, Galen is emphatic about his support for tripartite Platonic psychology; however, for the most part, his works offer rather little detail on the character of each of the three parts and especially of their interaction with each other. His fullest extant account of the interrelationship of the three parts of the soul is found in the Arabic epitome of his lost treatise
Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi – Werke und Briefwechsel
Authors: Jaeschke Walter , Sandkaulen Birgit
Published: December 2016

It’s only recently that an edition of Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi’s work may be judged appropriate to his philosophical significance, which was emphasized by Fichte and Hegel but later misjudged. Apart from one volume of commentary, the complete edition of Jacobi’s writings has been compiled. Following a long break the complete edition of his correspondence is currently entering its final phase. Both editions will be accompanied by an online dictionary of Jacobi’s key concepts that also take into account his influence on the epoch of Classical German Philosophy.
Von Mücken und Menschen
Authors: Doomen Jasper
Published: December 2016

This article discusses the status of animal rights, and more particularly whether these rights may be defended from a natural rights perspective or from an ethical perspective. I argue that both options fail. The same analysis applies in the case of humanity. ‘Humanity’ does not bring with it the acknowledgement of such rights, nor does a focus on what is arguably characteristic of humanity, namely, reason. Reason is decisive, though, in another respect, namely, the fact that reasonable beings can claim and lay down rights. It does not follow from this that animals should have no rights, since human beings may be motivated to constitute such rights, thus providing the most solid basis for them.
Numerical analysis of a skew rolling process for
producing a crankshaft preform
Authors: Lis Konrad , Wójcik Łukasz , Pater Zbigniew
Published: December 2016

The paper describes a new method for forming
a crankshaft preform. The method is based on the skew
rolling technique. With this method the part is formed by
three tapered rolls rotated with the same velocity and in
the same direction. Simultaneously, the rolls either converge
or diverge depending on the desired cross section of
the product. The numerical modeling enabled determination
of the distributions of effective strains, temperatures,
and damage function according to the Cockroft - Latham
criterion, aswell as variations in the loads and torques during
rolling. The results confirm that a crankshaft preform
can be formed by the proposed skew rolling method.
Trends, over 14 years, in the ground cover on an unimproved western hill grazed by sheep, and associated trends in animal performance
Authors: Walsh M. , Hanrahan J.P. , O’Malley L. , Moles R.
Published: December 2016

The frequency of individual plant species at ground level and the species composition of the unimproved vegetation on a western hill farm, stocked with Scottish Blackface sheep, were monitored from 1995 to 2008. Performance criteria of the flock that relied totally, or almost totally, on this vegetation for sustenance from 1994 to 2011 were evaluated. The frequency of vegetation increased over time (from 65% to 82% of the surface area;P< 0.05), with a corresponding decline in the frequency of bare soil, thus reducing vulnerability to soil erosion. This increased incidence of vegetation cover reflected increases in ‘other forbs’(P< 0.01), heather(P< 0.05)and grass (P< 0.08).A significant change (P< 0.05) also occurred in the species composition of the vegetation, reflecting an increase in the proportions of ‘other forbs’ (P< 0.05) and heather (P= 0.14), and a decline in the proportion of sedges (P= 0.14). A similar pattern occurred in the two main habitats: blanket bog and wet heath. Annual stocking rate (ewes per hectare, based on actual ewe grazing days) on the unimproved hill grazing averaged 0.9 (0.13 livestock units) per hectare prior to 1999 and 0.78 (0.11 livestock units) per hectare subsequently. There was no trend in weight gain of replacement females while confined to the unimproved hill area between weaning (14 weeks old) and first joining at 18 months of age. A negative trend (P< 0.01) occurred in the pre-weaning growth rate of lambs on the hill. The average number of lambs reared per ewe joined (reflecting fertility, litter size and ewe/lamb mortality) was 1.0, and this showed no evidence of change over time. The study flock performed 10% to > 60% better, depending on the variable, than similar flocks in the National Farm Survey at comparable stocking rates. A well-defined rational management system can sustain a productive sheep enterprise on unimproved hill land without negative consequences for the frequency or composition of the vegetation.
Sexual temptation: substance abuse, no sex, safe sex, risky sex, and STDs
Authors: Sutarso Toto , Tang Thomas Li-Ping , Anerin Denny R. , McCartt Intan W. S. , Gibson Courtney B.
Published: December 2016

Background

University students’ substance abuse and risky sex contribute to sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).

Purpose

We develop and empirically test a formative theoretical model of sexual temptation involving substance abuse (cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana), safe sexual behavior (use of condom/barrier for oral and vaginal intercourse), risky sexual behavior (unprotected sex and multiple sexual partners), and STDs: gonorrhea, HIV, and genital herpes. We simultaneously explore these constructs, controlling membership in social groups (fraternity/sorority, varsity athlete, and club sports) and perceived norm of substance abuse.

Methods

A total of 687 American university students completed the National College Health Assessment (NCHA). We use structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the goodness of fit between our formative theoretical model and actual data.

Results

Results reveal the following discoveries: membership in campus social groups is positively associated with STDs, whereas perceived norm of peer substance abuse is negatively related to STDs. Under the influence of substance abuse, we test three outcomes of sexual temptation as related to STDs. Those who have no sex do not contract STDs. For those who fall into temptation and have sex, substance abuse is more strongly related to risky sex which leads to STDs than safe sex which does not. Those engaging in risky sex have significantly higher cognitive impairment than those practicing safe sex.

Conclusions

Substance abuse contributes to STDs through risky sex only. Those having risky sex suffer higher cognitive impairment than those practicing safe sex. We provide novel implications to policy makers, practitioners, and researchers.
Remembering a Conversation – A Conversational Memory Architecture for Embodied Conversational Agents
Authors: Elvir Miguel , Gonzalez Avelino J. , Walls Christopher , Wilder Bryan
Published: December 2016

This paper addresses the role of conversational memory in Embodied Conversational Agents (ECAs). It describes an investigation into developing such a memory architecture and integrating it into an ECA. ECAs are virtual agents whose purpose is to engage in conversations with human users, typically through natural language speech. While several works in the literature seek to produce viable ECA dialog architectures, only a few authors have addressed the episodic memory architectures in conversational agents and their role in enhancing their intelligence. In this work, we propose, implement, and test a unified episodic memory architecture for ECAs. We describe a process that determines the prevalent contexts in the conversations obtained from the interactions. The process presented demonstrates the use of multiple techniques to extract and store relevant snippets from long conversations, most of whose contents are unremarkable and need not be remembered. The mechanisms used to store, retrieve, and recall episodes from previous conversations are presented and discussed. Finally, we test our episodic memory architecture to assess its effectiveness. The results indicate moderate success in some aspects of the memory-enhanced ECAs, as well as some work still to be done in other aspects.
Type-ology or typ-ology?
Authors: Heath Jeffrey
Published: December 2016

Typology based on codable traits has its heyday early in the development of any biological science. In mature disciplines it has long since given way to diachronic models of how complex structures evolve in shifting environments. Linguistic typology is no different. It also faces existential crises from recognition that its categories are dubiously universal and that global samples conceal macroareal biases. To avoid irrelevance, typology should blend into the linguistic landscape. It should defragment by refocusing on interdomain interactions (e.g., between mood and anaphora), and rediscover extreme languages and Sapirean types. Simultaneously, it must decentralize operationally into more manageable and illuminating family-level synchronic-diachronic microtypology.
Linguistic typology in natural language processing
Authors: Bender Emily M.
Published: December 2016

This paper explores the ways in which the field of natural language processing (NLP) can and does benefit from work in linguistic typology. I describe the recent increase in interest in multilingual natural language processing and give a high-level overview of the field. I then turn to a discussion of how linguistic knowledge in general is incorporated in NLP technology before describing how typological results in particular are used. I consider both rule-based and machine learning approaches to NLP and review literature on predicting typological features as well as that which leverages such features.
Porosity and Surface Modifications on Carbon
Materials for Capacitance Improvement
Authors: Cuentas-Gallegos A.K. , Rayón-López N. , Mejía L.M. , Vidales H. Villafán , Miranda-Hernández M. , Robles M. , Muńiz-Soria J.
Published: December 2016

Supercapacitors (SC) are energy storage devices
with higher power but lower energy density than Li batteries.
SC store energy based on two mechanisms: double
layer capacitance (non-Faradaic) and pseudocapacitance
(faradaic). Porous carbon materials have been extensively
used as electrodes in SC, where their great surface area
and pore size distribution have been the main properties
for capacitance improvement. Nevertheless, these properties
have shown limitations since they cannot be highly
increased without losing electric conductivity, which is
detrimental for the power requirements of SC. An alternative
approach to increase capacitance has been the surface
modification of carbon materials by introducing faradaic
contributions. In this mini review, the effect of surface
area, porosity, surface modification by doping or functionalization,
and introduction of electroactive oxides are discussed
to show how these factors influences the intrinsic
capacitance values of different carbon materials; and
some examples from our work are provided. The manipulation
of such properties, on carbon materials (porosity
and /or surface chemistry) not only are useful for devices
such as SC, but also are very useful for a wide variety of
Bio-applications (Bio-sensors, labelling and drug delivery,
impregnation with microorganisms for its use as biochar,
or for bio-fuel cells, etc.)
Multiple dimensional space for
protein interface residue characterization
Authors: Cao Tingyi , Yang Yongxiao , Gong Xinqi
Published: December 2016

Proteins interact to perform biological functions through specific interface residues. Correctly
understanding the mechanisms of interface recognition and prediction are important for many aspects of
life science studies. Here, we report a novel architecture to study protein interface residues. In our method,
multiple dimensional space was built on some meaningful features. Then we divided the space and put all
the surface residues into the regions according to their features’ values. Interestingly, interface residues were
found to prefer some grids clustered together. We obtained excellent result on a public and verified data
benchmark. Our approach not only opens up a new train of thought for interface residue prediction, but also
will help to understand proteins interaction more deeply.
A new method for quantifying the nanoscale magnetic domains
Authors: Li Zhenghua , Hong Yi , Zhang Jing , Li Xiang
Published: December 2016

In this work, a signal transformation method to quantitatively analyze fine magnetic structures in nanometer length scales measured by magnetic force microscopy has been developed. Nanosized magnetic domains, magnetic charges with reconstructed polarity as well as quantified magnetic field contours of samples (such as ordered FePt dot arrays, hard magnetic thin films and polycrystalline La0.7Sr0.3 MnO3 (LSMO) films ) were investigated based on the basic principles of deconvolution and micromagnetics. The present technique is crucial for the analysis of fine magnetic structures, and is important for the development of next generation magnetic recording industry.
Aminochelate fertilizers: the new approach to the
old problem; a review
Authors: Souri Mohammad Kazem
Published: December 2016

Aminochelate fertilizers are the latest novel-
ties regarding plant nutrition in agricultural production
systems. They are part of the modern formulae of fertiliz-
ers which are synthesized based on various amino acids,
mainly glycine. In recent years, they have had a rapid
growth in the marketplace. Their rapid growth in formula-
tions, manufacturing, diversity and application is mainly
due to the novel understandings regarding diverse roles
of amino acids in plant metabolism. Compared to routine
fertilizers or other commercially synthetic chelators such
as EDTA; however, aminochelates represent a safer and
more efficient form of fertilizer, resulting in better plant
performance and less environmental risks. Aminochelates
represent effective fertilizers for both soil and particularly
for foliar applications. Despite, aminochelates having
quickly dominated the fertilizer markets in many coun-
tries, there is not enough scientific data and information
regarding detailed responses of crops to these types of fer-
tilizers. This in part, may be due to their mixed composi-
tion of several nutrient elements, giving various nutrients
effects, meaning that conducting scientific experiments
and concluding remarks, , would be very difficult. This
review provides information concerning different aspect
of aminochelate fertilizers including their history, struc-
ture, types, value and effects on agricultural crops.
From LBK to SBK: Pottery, Bones, Lithics and Houses at the Neolithic site of Hrdlovka, Czech Republic
Authors: Vondrovský Václav , Beneš Jaromír , Divišová Michaela , Kovačiková Lenka , Šída Petr
Published: December 2016

The paper is focused on the period of cultural change at the turn of 6th and 5th millennia BC, when
the uniform Linear Pottery Culture (LBK) occupying an extensive area disintegrated in several local groups
or cultures, including the Stroked Pottery Culture (SBK) emerging in the regions of Bohemia and Saxony. The
data comprising pottery, animal bones, lithics, as well as architectural attributes from Hrdlovka site, situated
in northwest Bohemia, are presented. In accordance with the sites of Hrbovice-Chabařovice and Dresden-
Prohlis a rather uninterrupted LBK/SBK transition has been observed, which contrasts with the image of
“LBK crisis” observed in other regions. Lithics production and distribution networks of raw material seem
to be stable. The change in stockkeeping strategies correlating with the transitional period are considered
rather as modification of local environmental conditions. On the level of households, a similar architectural
development has been documented at the Hrdlovka and Dresden-Prohlis sites. The processes of LBK/SBK
transition in terms of cultural change are also discussed.
Selective infiltration and storage of picoliter volumes of liquids into sealed SU-8 microwells
Authors: Prokop Christoph , Schmalz Tobias , Karnutsch Christian
Published: December 2016

This paper describes the selective infiltration and storage of picoliter volumes of water and IPA in arrays of sealed SU-8 microwells. Microwells, with a volume of approximately 300 picoliters, are fabricated employing photolithography and a polymer onto polymer lamination method to seal the structures with a thin cover of SU-8 and PDMS in order to suppress the evaporation of the infiltrated liquids. A glass capillary is used to punch through the SU-8/PDMS cover and to infiltrate the liquid of interest into the microwells. The influence of the mixing ratio of the PDMS and its curing agent is studied and the results show that a lower ratio of 2:1 suppresses the evaporation more when compared to the standard mixing ratio of 10:1. In regards to water and IPA, the dwell time in the reservoirs was increased by approximately 50 % and 450 % respectively. Depending on the physical properties of the microwells and the liquids, the SU-8/PDMS cover suppresses the evaporation up to 32 mins for water and 463 mins for IPA, respectively, until the microwell is completely empty again. Additionally, multiple infiltrations of the same microwell are demonstrated using two immiscible liquids IPA and paraffin oil. Based on the popular polymers SU-8 and PDMS, the sealed microwell structures are scalable and combinable with different glass capillaries according to the needs of future analytical research and medical diagnostics.
Laser-induced jetting and controlled droplet formation
Authors: Pascu Mihail Lucian , Andrei Ionut Relu , Delville Jean-Pierre
Published: December 2016

The article reports, in the general context of developing techniques to generate microjets, nanojets and even individual nanodroplets, a new method to obtain such formations by interaction of a single laser pulse at 532 nm with an individual/single mother droplet in pendant position in open air. The beam energy per pulse is varied between 0.25 and 1 mJ, the focus diameter is 90 μm, and the droplet’s volumes are either 3 μl or 3.5 μl. Droplet’s shape evolution and jet emission at impact with laser pulse was visualised with a high speed camera working at 10 kfps. Reproducible jets and/or separated microdroplets and nanodroplets are obtained which shows potential for applications in particular in jet printing. It is demonstrated that it becomes possible to play with the geometrical symmetry of both laser excitation and liquid in order to manage the number and the orientation of an induced microjet and consequently to actuate the orientation and the production of nanodroplets by light.
Responsible Research and Innovation in secondary school science classrooms: experiences from the project Irresistible
Authors: Apotheker Jan , Blonder Ron , Akaygun Sevil , Reis Pedro , Kampschulte Lorenz , Laherto Antti
Published: December 2016

Responsible Research and Innovation has become a core concept in many of the Horizon 2020 programs. In this article the concept of RRI is discussed in context of secondary education, and the interpretation used within the project ‘Irresistible’ is introduced. In the article several ways in which RRI can be incorporated in science classrooms are discussed, connected to the teaching of contemporary research taking place in universities as well as recent innovations coming from industry. The presented modules are designed in groups in which teachers work together with researchers, science educators and science center experts. As one of the educational approaches used in the modules, students created exhibits in which both the scientific content as well as the RRI concepts related to the content are demonstrated for the general public. These exhibits have been very successful as a learning tool.
Removal of triazine-based herbicides on specific polymeric sorbent: batch studies
Authors: Ronka Sylwia
Published: December 2016

The triazine-based herbicides removal from aqueous solution on specific polymeric adsorbent was studied. Poly(divinylbenzene) modified with maleic anhydride in Diels-Alder reaction was selected for the sorption experiments because molecular structures of triazine derived herbicides exhibit complementarity to the arrangement of functional groups in the polymer. The presence of carboxyl groups in adsorbent structure resulted in specific directional interactions, such as hydrogen bonds, which can intensify adsorption ability towards triazines. In the case of both atrazine and terbuthylazine the effect is more intensive, whereas in sorption of simazine and propazine the non-specific interactions have higher importance than hydrogen bonds. Specific interactions in investigated systems are between the hydrogen atom of the amino group of triazine and the carbonyl oxygen atom of the carboxyl group of the modified poly(divinylbenzene) (O…H–N). Only in the case of terbuthylazine the creation of hydrogen bonds between hydroxyl hydrogen atom of carboxylic group and nitrogen atom containing free electron pair from triazine (O–H…N) was observed. The sorption of simazine, atrazine and propazine does not depend on pH in the acidic region, whereas in the case of terbuthylazine an increase in sorption efficiency is observed while pH decreases.
Preparation and characterization of polyethylene glycol/poly(L-lactic acid) blends
Authors: Athanasoulia Ioanna-Georgia , Tarantili Petroula A.
Published: December 2016

The effect of incorporation of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) on thermomechanical and hydrophilicity properties of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) was investigated. PEG/PLLA blends, containing 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt% PEG, were prepared by melt-extrusion in a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. By DSC analysis, it was observed that the Tg of PLLA phase in PEG/PLLA blends decreased accompanied by a significant decrease in Tcc and increase in their melting enthalpy. Therefore, the addition of PEG enhances the crystallization ability of PLLA phase due to its lubricating effect which increased mobility of PLLA chains. From TGA it was observed that low concentrations of PEG (10 & 20 wt%) increase the Tonset of thermal degradation, probably due to improved heat resistance of the crystalline phase. At higher PEG content, the Tonset decreases, as the lubricating effect becomes the controlling mechanism for the initiation of degradation process. Decrease in tensile strength and modulus was recorded especially in PLLA blends with PEG content higher than 20 wt%. The elongation at break decreases reaching a maximum at 20 wt% PEG and then dropped again. To investigate the effect of PEG on the wetting ability of PLLA, water contact angle measurements were performed. The results indicate that the introduction of PEG lowers the contact angle values in PEG/PLLA film surfaces, as compared to pure PLLA, suggesting improved hydrophilic properties.
Synthesis and characterization of vinyl derivatives of naphthalene-2,7-diol as a photoluminescent dopant useful in optical materials
Authors: Gil Małgorzata , Podkościelna Beata , Gawdzik Barbara , Bartnicki Andrzej , Podkościelny Wiesław , Demirci Gokhan
Published: December 2016

In this study synthesis and characterization of the new methacrylic derivatives of naphthalene-2,7-diol are presented. This reaction was performed in the three stages. In first stage 2,7-NAF was reacted with dimethyl sulfate in the NaOH solutions at 0°C. Next, the obtained 2,7-NAF.Me was modified by epichlorohydrine leading to epoxide compound (2,7-NAF.Me.EP). Finally, the reaction of opening oxirane rings by methacrylic acid was carried out. The chemical structures of all derivatives were confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR. Next, copolymerization reaction with methyl methacrylate (MMA), styrene (St) or divinylbenzene (DVB) was carried out. New monomer (2,7-NAF.MePM) possesses only one double bond and it can be used as a dopant in optical materials technology. The studies of their thermal properties were investigated by means TG/DTG/QMS coupled method. The influence of photoluminescence dopant on thermal stability of the obtained copolymers was also discussed.
Leiomyosarcoma of the renal vein: analysis of outcome and prognostic factors in the world case series of 67 patients
Authors: Novak Marko , Perhavec Andraz , Maturen Katherine E. , Pavlovic Djokic Snezana , Jereb Simona , Erzen Darja
Published: December 2016

Background

Leiomyosarcoma is a rare malignant mesenchymal tumour. Some cases of leiomyosarcoma of the renal vein (LRV) have been reported in the literature, but no analysis of data and search for prognostic factors have been done so far. The aim of this review was to describe the LRV, to analyse overall survival (OS), local recurrence free survival (LRFS) and distant metastases free survival (DMFS) in LRV world case series and to identify significant predictors of OS, LRFS and DMFS.

Methods

Cases from the literature based on PubMed search and a case from our institution were included.

Results

Sixty-seven patients with a mean age of 56.6 years were identified; 76.1% were women. Mean tumour size was 8.9 cm; in 68.7% located on the left side. Tumour thrombus extended into the inferior vena cava lumen in 13.4%. All patients but one underwent surgery (98.5%). After a median follow up of 24 months, the OS was 79.5%. LRFS was 83.5% after a median follow up of 21.5 months and DMFS was 76.1% after a median follow up of 22 months. Factors predictive of OS in univariate analysis were surgical margins, while factors predictive of LRFS were inferior vena cava luminal extension and grade. No factors predictive of DMFS were identified. In multivariate analysis none of the factors were predictive of OS, LRFS and DMFS.

Conclusions

Based on the literature review and presented case some conclusions can be made. LRV is usually located in the hilum of the kidney. It should be considered in differential diagnosis of renal and retroperitoneal masses, particularly in women over the age 40, on the left side and in the absence of haematuria. Core needle biopsy should be performed. Patients should be managed by sarcoma multidisciplinary team. LRV should be surgically removed, with negative margins.
Monte Carlo algorithms for calculation of diffusive characteristics of an electron avalanche in gases
Authors: Lotova Galiya Z.
Published: December 2016

Some problems of the theory of electron transfer in gases under the action of a strong external electric field is considered in the paper. Based on the three-dimensional ELSHOW algorithm, samples of states of particles in an electron avalanche are obtained for a given time moment in order to calculate the corresponding ‘diffusion radii’ and diffusion coefficients. Randomized projection estimators and kernel estimators (for test purpose) are constructed with the use of grouped samples for evaluation of the distribution density of particles in an avalanche. Test computations demonstrate a high efficiency of projection estimators for calculation of diffusive characteristics.
The method of similar trajectories with branching according to parametric maximum of the auxiliary weight
Authors: Medvedev Ilia N.
Published: December 2016

The weighted method of similar trajectories (MST) allows one to construct estimators of functionals on a single Markov chain simultaneously for a given range of parameters of the problem. Choosing an appropriate Markov chain, we take into account additional conditions providing the finiteness of MST variance. A modification of the weighted MST with branching of chain trajectory is constructed in the paper according to the parametric maximum of the auxiliary weight. It is proved that the computational cost of this algorithm is bounded if the basis functionals are also bounded. Numerical study of the efficiency of the modified MST in comparison with analog modelling was carried out on the example of the standard problem of transfer theory on estimation of the probability of albedo and transmission of a particle.
Individualisierungstendenzen im Sport von Heranwachsenden – revisited
Authors: Burrmann Ulrike , Seyda Miriam , Heim Rüdiger , Konowalczyk Svenja
Published: December 2016

Im Jahr 2003 gingen Jürgen Baur und Ulrike Burrmann der Frage nach, inwieweit sich Sportengagements von Jugendlichen individualisiert haben. Die meisten Annahmen mussten verworfen werden. Vor dem Hintergrund aktueller gesellschaftlicher Entwicklungen wird im vorliegenden Beitrag anhand von Zeitreihendaten dieser Frage erneut nachgegangen. Hinterfragt wird aber auch, ob sich der Einfluss vertikaler sozialstruktureller Merkmale auf die Beteiligung am (Vereins-)Sport seit den 1970er Jahren abgeschwächt hat und ob dieser Zusammenhang in den letzten Jahren wieder enger geworden ist. Die Befunde werden diskutiert, wobei zum einen auf methodische Probleme der Datenbasis und zum anderen auf Unschärfen der Individualisierungsthese eingegangen wird.
Free and Forced Vibrations of the Strongly Nonlinear Cubic-Quintic Duffing Oscillators
Authors: Karahan M.M. Fatih , Pakdemirli Mehmet
Published: December 2016

Strongly nonlinear cubic-quintic Duffing oscillatoris considered. Approximate solutions are derived using the multiple scales Lindstedt Poincare method (MSLP), a relatively new method developed for strongly nonlinear oscillators. The free undamped oscillator is considered first. Approximate analytical solutions of the MSLP are contrasted with the classical multiple scales (MS) method and numerical simulations. It is found that contrary to the classical MS method, the MSLP can provide acceptable solutions for the case of strong nonlinearities. Next, the forced and damped case is treated. Frequency response curves of both the MS and MSLP methods are obtained and contrasted with the numerical solutions. The MSLP method and numerical simulations are in good agreement while there are discrepancies between the MS and numerical solutions.
Fine Tuning the Optoelectronic Properties of Triphenylamine Based Donor Molecules for Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Adnan Muhammad , Iqbal Javed , BiBi Shamsa , Hussain Riaz , Akhtar Muhammad Nadeem , Rashid Muhammad Abid , Eliasson Bertil , Ayub Khurshid
Published: December 2016

Geometrical parameters, electronic structures and photophysical properties of three new triphenylamine (TPA) and diphenylamine (DPA) based electron donor materials M1 M3 (for organic solar cells) have been investigated through density functional theory (DFT) methods at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of the theory. TPA and DPA are used as donor moieties due to their electron donating ability while benzothiazole, cyanide and cyanomethylacetate (CMA) moieties have been taken as acceptor moieties. The time dependent-DFT (TD-DFT) method has been employed [TD-B3LYP/6-31G (d)] for the computation of excited state properties in the gas phase and in solvent (chloroform). The polarization continuum model is applied for calculations in the solvent phase. The designed molecules exhibited broad absorption in the visible and near infra-red region of spectrum with respect to a reference molecule “R” of a similar class of compounds. Based on reorganization energies calculations, these materials could act as excellent hole transport materials.
Digitalisierung und Arbeitsmarkt: Aktuelle Entwicklungen und sozialpolitische Herausforderungen
Authors: Eichhorst Werner , Hinte Holger , Rinne Ulf , Tobsch Verena
Published: December 2016

This article focuses on the progressive digitisation of work and its consequences for employment and social protection. The first section discusses potential dimensions of change due to technological innovation while the second part provides a preliminary assessment of the evidence that is currently available as regards occupational change and labour market polarization both with respect to total employment and the role of non-standard types of employment by occupations. Furthermore, the articles summarises what we currently know about the scope of work organized via online platforms. The subsequent section discusses potential consequences for social protection in the digital age. Particular attention is given to the eventual growth of selfemployment or freelance work using platforms as intermediaries. To the extent that work is organised more and more outside dependent employment, making the coverage of social insurance more universal, irrespective of the formal type of employment, is likely to become a crucial issue.
Die soziale Absicherung von Crowdworkern / Eine Untersuchung des Absicherungsstatus und -verhaltens von internetbasierten, selbständigen Erwerbstätigen
Authors: Meike Pürling
Published: December 2016

This study is the first to examine the social security situation of crowdworkers in Germany as well as the factors influencing the individual protection-behavior. The results are based on a quantitative survey of 248 crowdworkers in Germany. In addition, ten crowdworkers are interviewed, regarding their individual living and working conditions as well as health insurance and pension schemes. While the results for health care coverage are ambivalent, those concerning workers’ pension schemes are clear: Half of the interviewed crowdworkers are not able to build financial reserves or pension claims due to scarce financial resources and partly due to a lack of awareness for this long-term challenge.
Replication fork passage drives asymmetric dynamics of a critical nucleoid‐associated protein in Caulobacter
Authors: Arias‐Cartin Rodrigo , Dobihal Genevieve S , Campos Manuel , Surovtsev Ivan V , Parry Bradley , Jacobs‐Wagner Christine
Published: December 2016

In bacteria, chromosome dynamics and gene expression are modulated by nucleoid‐associated proteins (NAPs), but little is known about how NAP activity is coupled to cell cycle progression. Using genomic techniques, quantitative cell imaging, and mathematical modeling, our study in Caulobacter crescentus identifies a novel NAP (GapR) whose activity over the cell cycle is shaped by DNA replication. GapR activity is critical for cellular function, as loss of GapR causes severe, pleiotropic defects in growth, cell division, DNA replication, and chromosome segregation. GapR also affects global gene expression with a chromosomal bias from origin to terminus, which is associated with a similar general bias in GapR binding activity along the chromosome. Strikingly, this asymmetric localization cannot be explained by the distribution of GapR binding sites on the chromosome. Instead, we present a mechanistic model in which the spatiotemporal dynamics of GapR are primarily driven by the progression of the replication forks. This model represents a simple mechanism of cell cycle regulation, in which DNA‐binding activity is intimately linked to the action of DNA replication.
Hippo kinases maintain polarity during directional cell migration in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Feng Guoxin , Zhu Zhiwen , Li Wen‐Jun , Lin Qirong , Chai Yongping , Dong Meng‐Qiu , Ou Guangshuo
Published: December 2016

Precise positioning of cells is crucial for metazoan development. Despite immense progress in the elucidation of the attractive cues of cell migration, the repulsive mechanisms that prevent the formation of secondary leading edges remain less investigated. Here, we demonstrate that Caenorhabditis elegans Hippo kinases promote cell migration along the anterior–posterior body axis via the inhibition of dorsal–ventral (DV) migration. Ectopic DV polarization was also demonstrated in gain‐of‐function mutant animals for C. elegans RhoG MIG‐2. We identified serine 139 of MIG‐2 as a novel conserved Hippo kinase phosphorylation site and demonstrated that purified Hippo kinases directly phosphorylate MIG‐2S139. Live imaging analysis of genome‐edited animals indicates that MIG‐2S139 phosphorylation impedes actin assembly in migrating cells. Intriguingly, Hippo kinases are excluded from the leading edge in wild‐type cells, while MIG‐2 loss induces uniform distribution of Hippo kinases. We provide evidence that Hippo kinases inhibit RhoG activity locally and are in turn restricted to the cell body by RhoG‐mediated polarization. Therefore, we propose that the Hippo–RhoG feedback regulation maintains cell polarity during directional cell motility.
Screening and Isolation of Cellulolytic Bacteria from Gut of Black Soldier Flays Larvae (Hermetia illucens) Feeding with Rice Straw
Authors: Supriyatna Ateng , Ukit Ukit
Published: December 2016

A research on screening and isolation of cellulolytic bacteria from the gut of larvae Black Soldier treated rice straw feed has been conducted. The purpose of this study is to get the type of cellulolytic bacteria from the gut of larvae and bacteria that have the highest potential to degrade cellulose. Screening and isolation method applied by using intestinal larvae obtained from larval gut vortex at a speed of 1500 rpm. Furthermore, dilution graded from 1 to 10 and grown in media CMC (carboxyl methyl cellulose) at 37 0C and incubated for 48 hours. Observations were made based on the characteristics of the microscopic, macroscopic, biochemical test, cellulolytic activity and the activity of cellulase enzymes selected bacteria. The results showed a 9 cellulolytic bacteria from the gut of the larvae. Bacillus sp. is a bacteria that have the highest potential with cellulolitic activity 2.1 mm (dz/dk), the exponential phase of hour at the 24th, and cellulase enzyme activity of 0.4 U/mL at pH 7 and 0.41 U/mL at pH 8.This research showed that the Black Soldier Flays Larvae (Hermetia illucens) have competencein organic waste degradation, because in Black Soldier Flays Larvae’s gut, cellulolitic enzyme is produced by cellulolitic bacteria, specially Bacillus sp,

How to Cite

Supriyatna, A., & Ukit, U. (2016). Screening and Isolation of Cellulolytic Bacteria from Gut of Black Soldier Flays Larvae (Hermetia illucens) Feeding with Rice Straw. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 8(3), 314-320. 
Confirmation of Tuntun Angin (Elaeocarpus floribundus) Taxonomic Status Using matK and ITS Sequences
Authors: Roslim Dewi Indriyani , Khumairoh Siti , Herman Herman
Published: December 2016

Tuntun angin is one of important floodplain plants in and around Kajuik Lake located in Riau Province, Indonesia. Morphological identification shows that the scientific name of this plant is Elaeocarpus floribundus. The study aimed to confirm the taxonomic status of tuntun angin using matK and nuclear intergenic spacer (ITS) sequences. The methods included fresh leaf DNA isolation, polymerase chain reaction, electrophoresis, sequencing, and data analysis using BLASTn program and MEGA software version 6.06 programs. The results showed that the matK sequence (519 bp) of tuntun angin had highest similarity to E. floribundus matK sequence that was available in GenBank. It was supported by the high max score (937), low E-value (0.0), high identity value (100%), and high query cover (100%). However, the ITS sequence of tuntun angin did not show similarity to E. floribundus ITS sequence because there was no database of the sequence in GenBank. This study was able to confirm the taxonomic status of tuntun angin as E. floribundus using matK sequence and also showed that morphological and molecular identification techniques were complementary to each other. Moreover, this study enriched the DNA sequence database of E. floribundus in GenBank which will be useful for this species’ molecular identification.

How to Cite

Roslim, D. I., Khumairoh, S. & Herman, H. (2016). Confirmation of Tuntun Angin (Elaeocarpus floribundus) Taxonomic Status Using matK and ITS Sequences. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 8(3), 393-400. 
Prospectiva e inteligencia competitiva al 2040 en los programas fomentan la innovación en el Perú
Authors: Inche Mitma Jorge Luis , Chung Pinzás Alfonso Ramón , Ruiz Lizama Edgar
Published: December 2016

El presente artículo, resume una investigación que tuvo como objetivo formular un escenario futurible al 2040 para los programas que fomentan la innovación en el Perú, en el marco de la inteligencia competitiva. Para el logro de dicho objetivo, se consideró una muestra de 10 expertos en el tema de diferentes organizaciones, y mediante la aplicación de entrevistas y encuestas se logró identificar 37 variables del sistema de las cuales 23 fueron consideradas como claves y con ellas se construyó el escenario futurible. Al ser una investigación prospectiva y por ende basada en la consulta a expertos, la principal dificultad encontrada residió en la disponibilidad de estos; sin embargo esto fue superado.
Modelo de optimización de programación de rutas para una empresa logística peruana usando herramientas FSMVRPTW
Authors: Reyes Morales Norman
Published: December 2016

Las actividades de programación de rutas de transporte de empresas logísticas en el Perú son de especial relevancia dentro de los servicios que brindan. La empresa en la actualidad utiliza el ERP SAP Business One v9.1 como plataforma tecnológica de soporte a sus operaciones en especial a los procesos de la cadena de valor. Dentro de estos procesos se tiene el proceso de delivery el cual se encarga entre otras actividades de realizar la programación de rutas de transporte para las entregas de los pedidos de los clientes en todo el territorio nacional y en especial en Lima Metropolitana; en esta última que se tiene una alta complejidad para la atención de los pedidos por las diversas restricciones a cumplir y por no contar con una herramienta adecuada dejando dicha actividad a la decisión del programador de rutas según su experiencia. Con herramientas como FSMVRPTW (Fleet Size and Mix Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows) se logró encontrar ahorros significativos empleando una base de conocimientos, herramientas informáticas y de investigación de operaciones.
UM ENFOQUE TRANSDISCIPLINAR PARA ANÁLISE DA COMPLEXIDADE DO DIREITO À SAÚDE
Authors: Szinvelski Mártin Marks , Martini Sandra Regina
Published: December 2016

O processo de evolução social impacta na estrutura de sistemas sociais, seja porque os novos direitos complexificam o processo, seja porque a função de redução da complexidade, inerente à função de cada sistema, incrementa a própira complexidade. Sabe-se que o campo do direito à saúde é fértil para a análise do duplo jogo de redução e incremento da complexidade. Nesse artigo, essa análise se fundamenta numa visão que ultrapassa os limites de uma única ciência. Portanto, se analisará o Sistema Social da Saúde, tendo em vista o impacto da transdisciplinaridade na efetivação do direito à saúde.
A rare case of isolated cysticercosis of brachialis muscle
Authors: Mohindra Mohit , Jain Jitesh Kumar , Mohindra Mukul
Published: December 2016

Isolated muscular cysticercosis is very rare and poses a diagnostic challenge to treating doctor. It often presents as a case of muscle strain and you have to think out of the box to reach the diagnosis. We are presenting a case of isolated involvement of the brachialis muscle in a young male, who presented to us with complaints of pain of the lower arm. When patient could not get relief with conservative treatment a MRI of the arm was ordered which revealed the diagnosis of cysticercosis of brachialis muscle. In patients from endemic zone, who present with intractable muscular pain and not responding to conservative treatment, diagnosis of muscular cysticercosis should be kept in mind.
Métodos de Análise de Conflitos e Apoio a Tomada de Decisão Envolvendo a Utilização de Recursos Naturais
Authors: Soares Joyce Aristércia Siqueira , Lira Waleska Silveira
Published: December 2016

O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar e identificar métodos de análise de conflitos e apoio a tomada decisão envolvendo a utilização de recursos naturais. Os métodos de análise de conflitos apresentados Fraser e Hipel (1984), GMCR Fang et al (1993) e Trade-off (Brown et al (2002) mostram-se adequados para a resolução de conflitos envolvendo a utilização de recursos naturais, pois analisam a situação conflituosa dentro de uma perspectiva de negociação e tomada de decisão participativa levando em consideração os interesses e a importância de cada ator social envolvido no conflito.