bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurement of respectful maternity care in exit interviews following facility childbirth: a criterion validity assessment in Nigeria
Authors: Umar Nasir , Bhattacharya Antoinette , Exley Josephine , Jalingo Inuwa B. , Shuaibu Abdulrahman , Marchant Tanya
Published: October 2022

Background

Valid methods for assessing women’s experiences of maternity care are essential to the global efforts toward providing positive childbirth environments for all women in all health facilities.

Methods

This criterion validity study used observation of childbirth as the reference standard compared to exit interviews with women upon discharge with a live baby, usually within 24 hours of childbirth. We investigated eight positive and sixteen negative maternity care experience indicators. Data were collected from ten primary healthcare facilities in Gombe State, northeast Nigeria, in August 2018 and August 2019. Data analysis involved tabulation of demographic characteristics of women and childbirth context, computation of individual level validity metrics including the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) and estimating population level validity using the inflation factor (IF).

Results

A total of 724 women were observed and interviewed at the time of discharge (exit) following facility childbirth, 15% of whom were adolescents, 99% were married, 43% had no formal education, and a skilled birth attendant had attended only 12%. The prevalence of positive maternity care experience indicators ranged between 25% and 96% in childbirth observations. For these positive indicators, the agreement between childbirth observations and exit interviews ranged from 55% to 97%. Six of the eight positive maternity care experience indicators had high overall validity, meaning AUC≥0.70 and 0.75<IF<1.25, with high sensitivity (89% to 99%) and moderate to high specificity (44% to 84%). The prevalence of the 16 negative maternity care experience indicators ranged between 0.1% and 18% in childbirth observations. For these negative indicators, agreement ranged from 87% to 99%. Just six of the 16 negative maternity care experience indicators met the criteria for validation analysis; and these showed low to moderate sensitivity (32% to 74%), high specificity (97% to 100%) and moderate (0.60<AUC<0.70) to high (AUC≥0.70) individual-level validity.

Conclusions

In this high mortality setting with relatively low coverage of skilled attendance at birth, exit interviews with women following facility-based childbirth care provided responses consistent with the observation of childbirth for eight positive and six negative maternity care experience indicators.
Contemporary issues of well operation using centrifugal pumps
Authors: АА Gareyev
Published: October 2022

This paper opens a new page in the theory of electric-centrifugal pump control and oil production. Emerging ideas give us the opportunity to predict the state of a centrifugal pump during operation, facilitate a new approach to the centrifugal-pump selection procedure, provide a scientific explanation of the separation process, explore scaling processes in centrifugal pumps, develop salt-deposition prediction methods and bring us closer to a scientific basis for automation of the entire pump-operation process. Implementation in oil-recovery practice of the findings developed in this collection of articles will surely enhance the economic efficiency of the method under consideration and allow for the creation of an environmentally-friendly method of oil production. Obtained results are fundamental and form the basis of the centrifugal-pump control theory.
Nursing theory-driven practice
Authors: Somya Gautam  , Rohit Singh Jadoun  , Rahul Kumar  , Pushpendra Saini  , Vandna
Published: October 2022

Theories are a collection of connected ideas that provide an organized, explanatory, and predictive perspective of a phenomenon (an observable fact or event). Concepts, definitions, models, assertions, and assumptions form the basis of theories. They are derived using deductive and inductive reasoning as their two primary methodologies. Nursing thinkers use these two approaches. "A creative and rigorous structuring of ideas that projects an intentional, purposeful, and systematic view of phenomena" is what is meant by a theory. By putting together how ideas relate to each other, a theory lets you "describe, explain, predict, and control practice."
An experimental study on the concentration of heavy metals and minerals found in some of the estuarine organisms in Thengaithittu estuary, Puducherry
Authors: Manikandan Sivaprakasam  , Ramalingam Venugopal  , Aneha K  , Hemaladkshmi Padmanaban  , Jibi Lukose  , Abhisubesh Vijayakumar  , Kakhuangailiu Gangmei  , Sahadiya Mandodan  , Bhagyashree Bora
Published: October 2022

It is a known fact that edible aquatic animals possess a rich source of minerals and metallic compounds. In order to analyze the composition of minerals and heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Cd, Pb, and Cr) present in these fauna, this study was conducted in two fishes mullet and cat fish (Mugil cephalus& Ictalurus punctatus), two crustaceans prawn and crab (Fenneropenaeus indicus& Portunus sanguinolentus) and mussel (Perna viridis) which were collected from Thengaithittu estuary region, Puducherry, India. The results showed that the Zinc concentration is maximum in prawn and minimum in catfish, Copper concentration is maximum in catfish and minimum in mullet fish, Iron concentration is higher in catfish and minimum in mussel, Manganese concentration is maximum in mussel and minimum in prawn, Cadmium concentration is higher in crab and minimum in mussel, lead content is maximum in mullet and minimum in crab and Chromium concentration is higher in mussel and minimum in mullet. Mineral analysis reveals that the prawn had the good source of sodium, potassium and calcium and least in mussel. In this context the heavy metals and minerals concentration in estuarine fish, prawn, crab and mussel perceived in the current study was within the tolerable limits. The results of the current study suggest that eating fish, prawns, crab, and mussels from the Thengaithittu estuary in Puducherry may not have any negative effects.
Impact of cyberspace on the cybersecurity of critical national assets infrastructures in Nigeria: A review of education and financial sectors
Authors: BILLE David Urbanus
Published: October 2022

Unprepared with a fragile digital infrastructures, and hurriedly tossed into the depth of the cyberspace in the Fourth and Fifth Industrial Revolutions (4IR and 5IR) by Covid-19 pandemic measures, of lockdown and needs for remote learning. The educational sector became the most vulnerable; with streams of cyber-attacks stalling virtual classes and compromising data integrity, of which the financial sector was not exempted, despite the evolvement of cyber insurance policy. The financial end users are aggravated and left at the mercy of internet fraudsters called “yahoo-yahoo” boys, coupled with hacking of SWIFT, crypto currency thefts, and Nations’ Central Banks falling into cyber-attacks, thus leaving no unconquered space for cybercriminals, even as cyber literacy and security are siloed away under stand-alone arrangements despite the interconnectedness of the cyberspace. It was against this background, that this study leverages on Theory of Endogenous Growth Model to interrogate impact of cyberspace on the protection of critical national assets and infrastructures in Nigeria. The study deconstruct national assets into education and financial sectors to assess the existing impact. This study adopts qualitative research design using exploratory research design of publicly available archive documents. Empirical evidence from study revealed that cyberspace has expanded the virtual learning horizon while cyber attacks still remain on the minimal. Findings that emanate from this study revealed cyberspace has positively impacted on the Nigeria Financial sector through financial inclusion and transaction conveniences while the damaging effect of cyberattacks remained largely covered up. The study recommends that all players in the educational sector should invest widely in cybersecurity as days of imminent cyberattacks is on the horizon as seen evolving in developed clime. Study also recommend that government should firm up cyberspace policy, and inject collectivism into cyber security plans of sectors as an improvement on the present stand alone security by banks in Nigeria.
Effects of drug abuse on youths’ education in Nasarawa state Nigeria
Authors: ANYANWU Dorathy Oluchukwu  , ENUESHIKE Peter  , OWA-ONIBIYO Funmilola Temitope
Published: October 2022

The extent to which illicit drug dealings is aggravating crimes in Nigeria is worrisome. Drugs even as youths are seen latching on the bandwagon with foray into this dangerous acts within and outside the educational institutions. Drug abuse is an emerging global public health issue, it is a situation when drug is taken more than it is prescribed. It is against this background that this study interrogated the euphoria nature of the use drugs on youth’s education in Nasarawa states, Nigeria. Data were gathered using simple random sampling technic. The population of Nasarawa state is 2,523,400 approximately 2.5 million. The sample size is 399 based Taro Yamani formula for sample size. A total of 399 questionnaires were distributed amongst the students using the online questionnaire platform in four tertiary institutions while 210 was successfully retrieved & used as sample size Hypotheses were tested using chi square. The finding revealed that; there is a relationship between economic effect of drug abuse and youth education in Nasarawa state, there is a relationship between moral effect of drugs abuse and youth education in Nasarawa state and finally, there is a relationship between social effect of drugs abuse and youth education in Nasarawa state The study recommends among others that there should be intense media campaign aimed at enlightening the undergraduates such that Government should ensure that agencies like the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control and the National Drugs Law Enforcement Agency are empowered or equipped. Finally, Educational Institutions at higher levels whether public or private should organize workshops and symposia to enlighten the students on the dangers of drugs abuse and illicit trafficking.
Analisis Kecacatan Produk Beras Kemasan 25 Kg Menggunakan Statistical Quality Control dan Failure Mode and Effect Analysis
Authors: Adawiyah Rofiatul , Donoriyanto Dwi Sukma
Published: October 2022

UD. SE merupakan industri penggilingan padi dan distributor beras kemasan berkualitas. Produk yang penjualannya paling tinggi adalah beras Bangli kemasan 25 Kg, namun dalam produksinya masih terdapat produk cacat seperti benda asing, kulit menempel, bulir remuk dan jahitan longgar dalam jumlah cukup besar. Hal tersebut menyebabkan banyak kerugian dan dapat menurunkan kepuasan konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa penyebab kecacatan dan memberikan usulan perbaikan guna meningkatkan kualitas. Metode yang digunakan adalah (SQC) Statistical Quality Control dan (FMEA) Failure Mode and Effect Analysis. Tahapan dalam penelitian diawali dengan pengumpulan data, menganalisa data dengan SQC, menentukan nilai RPN menggunakan FMEA, dan tahap rekomendasi perbaikan. Hasil dari penelitian diketahui cacat produk paling dominan adalah kulit menempel (41,7%) dan benda asing (32,1%), kedua jenis cacat tersebut mencapai 73,8%. Penyebab kecacatan disebabkan karena  faktor manusia, material, metode dan mesin. Nilai RPN tertinggi yaitu 392 pada cacat kulit menempel karena setting mesin husker kurang tepat. Rekomendasi perbaikannya adalah meng­kalibrasi ulang mesin husker, memeriksa pengaturan mesin husker terutama jarak antar rubber roll.
Penicillium poederi and P. tirolense, two new species of section Torulomyces
Authors: Kirchmair M. , Embacher J. , Heimdörfer D. , Walch G. , Neuhauser S.
Published: October 2022

Here we describe two new species of the genus Penicillium section Torulomyces with solitary phialides. Penicillium poederi sp. nov. was isolated from volcanic soils in Iceland. Penicillium tirolense sp. nov. was isolated from a sporocarp of Serpula lacrymans.
Both species are characterised by slow growth rates and the production of a brown soluble pigment on CYA, conidiophores with solitary ampulliform phialides with smooth-walled stipes and warty, globose conidia and with connectives without visible rings. The spores of. P. poederi are
2.5 μm diam, while the spores of P. tirolense are 2.0 μm diam. In a multigene phylogeny based on the ITS, BenA, CaM and RPB2 gene regions P. tubakianum and P. wollemiicola are the closest relatives of P. poederi.
This species differs from P. tubakianum and P. wollemiicola by its growth rates and by its pigmentation. The holotype of P. poederi is IB2017/0007, while SF014017 (CBS 147622) is a culture derived from the holotype. The closest relatives of P. tirolense are
P. austricola and P. riverlandense. It differs from P. austricola by lower growth rates on all tested media and temperatures and by its larger spores. It differs from P. riverlandense by lower growth rates and the absence of growth at 37 °C. The holotype of
P. tirolense is IBF2019/0162, while SF015108 (CBS 147625) is a culture derived from the holotype.
Additions to Dendrodacrys and outline of taxa with branched hyphidia in Dacrymycetes (Basidiomycota)
Authors: Savchenko A. , Zamora J.C. , Alvarenga R. , Kõljalg U. , Miettinen O.
Published: October 2022

The genus Dendrodacrys is a monophyletic group that belongs to Dacrymycetes (Agaricomycotina, Basidiomycota) and accommodates species distinguished by strongly branched hyphidia in combination with 3-septate basidiospores. While the original circumscription mainly
treated European taxa, here we shift the focus to tropical and sub-tropical material and uncover wider variation in morphology within Dendrodacrys. Still united by hyphidia shape and basidiospore septation, the genus is expanded with 10 taxa having pustulate, cerebriform, or stipitate
basidiocarps of yellow to dark brown colours, cylindrical to ovoid basidiospores, and hyphal septa with or without clamps. Monophyly of the amended Dendrodacrys is confirmed with a phylogeny based on six markers (SSU, ITS, LSU, TEF1-α, RPB1, and RPB2). As
a result, we describe two new species (De. laetum and De. rigoratum), transfer three existing species to Dendrodacrys (De. brasiliense, De. dendrocalami, and De. pezizoideum), and raise one variety to the species level (De. kennedyae ≡ Dacrymyces
enatus var. macrosporus). In addition, we provide descriptions for the earlier combined De. paraphysatum and four new informal taxa. Lastly, we present illustrations, a character table, and an identification key that addresses all known dacrymycetes with branched hyphidia.
The Homeric Formula ἐπ’ εὐρέα νῶτα θαλάσσης and Its Reception: Adaptation and Reinterpretation in the Aeneid
Authors:   Institute of Linguistic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazanskaya Maria
Published: October 2022

The article examines the reception of the Homeric formula ἐπ’ εὐρέα νῶτα θαλάσσης “on the broad back of the sea” in Greek and Latin poetry, and reconstructs (on the basis of scholia and lexical glosses) how Alexandrian exegesis evaluated this expression. Special attention is given to Vergil’s adaptation of this formula in the Aeneid: in one context Vergil translates the expression neutrally, reproducing Homer’s usage of εὐρέα νῶτα θαλάσσης to speak of the open sea, but omitting the metaphor of the sea’s back (Aen. 7, К рецепции гомеровской формулы ἐπ’ εὐρέα νῶτα θαλάσσης… 47 808–811); in another context, he faithfully reproduces the image, but applies it to the ridge of rocks on which Trojan ships were nearly wrecked (Aen. 1, 108–110).
Folk Terminology of the Balkan and Slavic Christian Orthodox Feasts: the Danger of Translation
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sedakova Irina
Published: October 2022

The article combines methods of ethnolinguistics, Balkan studies, and translatory studies with the aim to analyze the translations of the folk Christian terms of feasts and other facts of the traditional culture. The study of the ways the East-Slavonic calendric term Vtoroj (Second) Spas ʻTransfi guration’ from the Boris Pasternak’s poem August is translated into seven Balkan and South Slavic languages (compared to two English translations) is supported by research of the terminology and corresponding feasts in Balkan and Slavonic traditions. The translations of the poem August investigated in the article are given in the Appendix.
“Where do I Find the Words to Describe”: Plant Phenomena and Phytonyms in Himara
Authors:   Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), Russian Academy of Sciences, Novik Alexander
Published: October 2022

In the contact zone in the Albanian-Greek border area, the recording of phytonyms is a complex scientifi c task. On the one hand, our key informants who own or declare fl uency in both languages are often able to name four lexemes that defi ne a particular plant: in standard Greek, in the Greek dialect of the region, in standard Albanian and in the Albanian dialect. On the other hand, there are frequent cases when the “translated” names of common and important cultivated plants cannot be attributed to any particular linguistic varieties. The study is dedicated to such diffi culties of translation
FUNGSI & PERANAN BANK SYARIAH DAN LEMBAGA KEUANGAN NON BANK
Authors: Akbar Muh.
Published: October 2022

A. Pengertian Bank SyariahMenurut UU Republik Indonesia No. 10 Tahun 1998, tentang perubahan atas UU No. 7 Tahun 1992 tentang perbankan bahwa Bank umum adalah bank yang melaksanakan kegiatan usaha secara konvensional dan atau bedasarkan prinsip syariah yang dalam kegiatannya memberikan jasa dalam lalu lintas pembayaran.Sedangkan pengertian syariah itu sendiri adalah aturan berdasarkan hukum Islam. Menurut Karnaen Purwaatmadja, bank syariah adalah bank yang beroperasi sesuai dengan prinsip – prinsip Islam, yakni bank dengan tata cara dan operasinya mengikuti ketentuan – ketentuan syariah Islam. Salah satunya unsur yang harus dijauhi dalam muamalah Islam adalah praktik – praktik yang mengandung unsur riba (spekulasi dan tipuan).B. Pengertian Lembaga Keuangan Non-BankPengertian lembaga keuangan bukan bank atau sering juga digunakan istilah lembaga keuangan non bank adalah semua badan yang melakukan kegiatan di bidang keuangan, yang secara langsung atau tidak langsung menghimpun dana terutama dengan jalan mengeluarkan kertas berharga dan menyalurkan dalam masyarakat terutama guna membiayai investasi perusahaan untuk mendapatkan kemakmuran dan keadilan masyarakat.
P6
Authors: kasim Habibah ibrahim
Published: October 2022

Pasar keuangan jangka pendek berdasarkan prinsip syariah adalah transaksi keuangan jangka pendek (bebas bunga) yang dilakukan oleh pelaku pasar keuangan jangka pendek atau pelaku pasar keuangan jangka pendek. Karena pembelian sekuritas berumur pendek, transaksi hanya didasarkan pada kepercayaan. Satu-satunya pasar uang yang diperbolehkan adalah pasar uang yang tidak menggunakan sistem suku bunga, untuk menghindari riba dalam beras karena kerugian (risiko) bunga lebih besar daripada keuntungannya. (Mashraq) Ini. Juga karena Islam melarang jual beli uang sebagai komoditas atau spekulasi. Padahal, pasar uang syariah dan pasar uang tradisional memiliki fungsi yang sama, termasuk fungsi sebagai pengatur likuiditas. Ketika bank memiliki kelebihan likuiditas, dapat menginvestasikan dana menggunakan instrumen keuangan jangka pendek, dan ketika likuiditas tidak mencukupi, dapat menerbitkan produk yang dapat dijual untuk mendapatkan uang tunai.
UTS. POSMODERN
Authors: oruw Lamek
Published: October 2022

Dalam Teori Sosiologi Modern terdapat banyak teori, salah satunya adalah Teori Konflik, Terkait perkembangan teori sosiologi pada abad ke-20 terjadi cukup pesat di Amerika. Hal ini terdorong oleh sejumlah faktor, di antaranya adalah perubahan sosial yang menerangkanberbagai kekuatan sosial yang terlibat dalam perkembangan teori sosiologi. Meski banyakfaktor yang berperan, dan perkembangan posisi ilmuan sosial dalam khasanah perkembangan teori-teori sosiologi di amerika serikat, kekuatan sosial dalam perkembangan teori sosiologi. Revolusi politik, revolusi prancis (1789) merupakan faktor utama yang mendorong lahirnya teori sosial. Geografi sosial dalam struktur keilmuan agar tetap eksis memerlukan pengembangan teori, penajaman dan perluasan aplikasi. Kajian sehingga manusia perkataan penelitian adalah output dari ilmu-ilmu sosial pada tingkat perkembangan tertentu. dalam masyarakat konflik adalah hal yang wajar terjadi, adanya stratifikasi dalam kehidupan dan juga perbedaan kualitas otoritas yang ada di masyarakat menjadi salah satu penyebab terjadinya konflik.Di dalam Teori Sosiologi Klasik terdapat
Pertemuan 4
Authors: kasim Habibah ibrahim
Published: October 2022

Pada dasarnya maqashid syariah pada keuangan islam bertujuan untuk menjaga kemaslahatan manusia dan menghindari manusia dari mafsadah/kerusakan. Untuk mewujudkan kemaslahatan tersebut, maka ada lima unsur pokok yang perlu diperhatikan yaitu menjaga agama, jiwa, akal, keturunan, dan harta.Dalam transaksi yang dilakukan dalam ekonomi islam ada beberapa prinsip yang perlu diperhatikan khusunya pada konsep tijari yaitu pelarangan riba, pelarangan maysir, pelarangan gharar, dan pelarangan penimbunan. Sedangkan dalam hal konsep tabarru, yang perlu diperhatikan kewajiban untuk membayar zakat serta anjuran untuk melakukan sedekah, infak, hadiah/hibah, dan wakaf. Implikasi dari konsep tijarah ialah agar transaksi yang tercipta itu lebih adil bagi tiap-tiap pihak yang bertransaksi dan implikasi dari konsep tabarru ialah hal ini akan menanamkan sifat kedermawanan seseorang dan kepedulian terhadap masalah yang dihadapi oleh orang lain.
Konsep Sosiologi Postmodern
Authors: Watupongoh Injilia Lidya
Published: October 2022

Istilah postmodern secara harfiah berarti “setelah modern”. Istilah modern sendiri yang berarti zaman baru, berasal dari bahasa latin modernus, yang telah digunakan sejak abad ke-5 M. Beberapa istilah lainnya yaitu modernitas, modernisasi dan modernisme.
Perubahan sosial pada modernisasi dan globalisasi dalam pendidikan IPS
Authors: Wangkanusa Seltia
Published: October 2022

Hasil pemikiran tentang perubahan sosial, modernisasi dan globalisasi, dalam pendidikan IPS
Multi-dimensional partisanship shapes climate policy support and behaviors
Authors: Mayer Adam , Smith E. Keith
Published: October 2022

Partisanship is one of the largest and most studied social barriers to climate change mitigation in the United States. Here we expand conceptualizations of 'left-right' or 'Republican-Democrat' towards understanding partisanship as a multidimensional social identity with both negative and positive elements. Partisan support or opposition for climate action can be driven by identification with the partisan in-group (positive or 'expressive' partisanship), as well as perceived threats from the 'out-group' (negative partisanship). Using survey data, we show when negative and expressive partisanship is low, climate policy support is similar for Republicans and Democrats. But differences in policy support increases when partisan identification amplifies. Yet, for climate behaviors, we find more limited partisan effects. The proposed multidimensional partisanship framework sheds light into the role of partisan polarization in shaping climate change action and points to alternative ways to transcend partisan barriers to climate action.
Teori perilaku konsumen
Authors: Ali Nurfadilla Nur
Published: October 2022

Tulisan ini dibuat untuk memenuhi tugas dari mata kuliah ekonomi mikro yang memuat tentang materi yang telah disampaikan dan didiskusikan di kelas bersama dosen kami. Dalam tulisan ini memuat pengenalan singkat mengenai materi "teori perilaku konsumen", Penulis berharap bisa membantu pembaca dalam menambah wawasan dan penulis juga menyadari bahwa apa yang ada didalam tulisan ini masih belum memuat semua informasi yang ada tentang judul materi yang telah disebutkan sebelumnya.
Artificial Optimization Algorithm: Theoretical Analysis, Applications
Authors: khan Sharjeel
Published: October 2022

In general, all intelligent optimization algorithms are started with random point(s) and their result shows time-consuming process. For this reason, the research proposes an algorithm to find the optimal solution for mathematical programming problems. It relies on the deterministic value for each decision variable that is selected from three real numbers; rather than random numbers.
FUNGSI DAN PERANAN LEMBAGA KEUANGAN BANK DAN NON BANK
Authors: Arief A. Anggie Zabrina , Wahidah Intan Nurul , Taha Muh. Ridwan , khasanah uswatun
Published: October 2022

Islamic financial institutions are divided into two, namely bank financial institutions and non-bank financial institutions. Bank financial institutions are business entities that carry out activities in the financial sector by collecting funds from the public in the form of deposits and channeling them back to the public in the form of financing. Non-bank Financial Institutions (NBFIs/Nonbank Financial Institutions) are business entities that carry out activities in the financial sector that directly or indirectly raise funds by issuing securities and distributing them to the public to finance company investments. The purpose of this paper is to further explain the functions and roles of Islamic banks and non-bank financial institutions. The results obtained that the functions and roles of bank institutions consist of three main functions, namely the main functions of Islamic banks, the functions of Islamic banks that earn profits and social functions. The function of non-bank financial institutions is to provide services as intermediaries between capital owners and the money market who are responsible for channeling funds from investors to companies that need these funds.
Hotspots of academic misconduct and misrepresentations among academics in the Republic of Poland, a European Union member state
Authors: Kolodziej Lukasz
Published: October 2022

Academic misconduct, misrepresentations, and gaming are a set of variable malpractices eroding public trust in scientific achievements and institutions of higher education. Here, the author analysed data on academic misconduct and misrepresentations in the Republic of Poland. The results presented here have based on the analysis of the records on academic malpractices revealed to the public by professor Marek Wronski, writing in the Academic Forum magazine regularly about academic integrity in Poland. Three or more examples of academic malpractices conducted by scholars working in the same institution of higher education cannot be explained by coincidence. Hence, an analysis of Marek Wronski's writing on academic integrity has revealed the existence of the hotspots of academic misconduct and misrepresentations in the Polish institutions of higher education. In addition, the Science Ethics Committee of the Polish Academy of Science, the Disciplinary Committee at the Central Council of Science and Higher Education, the Ministry of Education and Science, and the Council of Scientific Excellence have been asked to provide data on academics accused of misconduct. Moreover, Polish institutions responsible for investigating allegations of academic misconduct and misrepresentation be reluctant to disclose information about academics accused of misconduct and misrepresentation. Data presented in that paper may suggest the organisational research climate in the Polish institutions of higher education, and research may favour academic malpractices.
Pasar Uang Syariah
Authors: R Nurul Zahra Zahirah
Published: October 2022

Resume ini untuk memenuhi tugas mata kuliah Ekonomi Moneter Islam
Perubahan Sosial Modernisasi dan Perubahan Sosial, Globalisasi dan Perubahan Sosial
Authors: Andale Anjelita
Published: October 2022

Perubahan Sosial Modernisasi dan Perubahan Sosial Globalisasi dan Perubahan Sosial
Kaitan Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia dengan Lingkungan
Authors: Arifin Berlian Putri
Published: October 2022

Pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia sangat erat kaitannya dengan lingkungan
Uts perubahan sosial
Authors: Jacobus Miranty priscila
Published: October 2022

Perubahan sosial tentang pengaruh media masa
Differential expression of DNAI2 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines sporadic ALS using published data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of DNAI2, encoding dynein axonemal intermediate chain 2, in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motor neurons of patients with ALS. DNAI2 was also differentially expressed in primary motor neurons isolated from patients with ALS. DNAI2 transcript was present at lower levels in ALS iPSC-derived motor neurons. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of ALS.
Epigenetic clocks and research implications of the lack of data on whom they have been developed: a review of reported and missing sociodemographic characteristics
Authors: Watkins Sarah Holmes , Testa Christian , Chen Jarvis T , De Vivo Immaculata , Simpkin Andrew J , Tilling Kate , Roux Ana V Diez , Smith George Davey , Waterman Pamela D , Suderman Matthew , Relton Caroline , Krieger Nancy
Published: October 2022

Epigenetic clocks are increasingly being used as a tool to assess the impact of a wide variety of phenotypes and exposures on healthy ageing, with a recent focus on social determinants of health. However, little attention has been paid to the sociodemographic characteristics of participants on whom these clocks have been based. Participant characteristics are important because sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors are known to be associated with both DNA methylation variation and healthy ageing. It is also well known that machine learning algorithms have the potential to exacerbate health inequities through the use of unrepresentative samples - prediction models may underperform in social groups that were poorly represented in the training data used to construct the model. To address this gap in the literature, we conducted a review of the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants whose data was used to construct 13 commonly used epigenetic clocks. We found that although some of the epigenetic clocks were created utilising data provided by individuals from different sexes/genders and racialized groups, sociodemographic characteristics are generally poorly reported. Reported information is limited by inadequate conceptualization of the social dimensions and exposure implications of gender and racialized inequality, and no socioeconomic data is provided by any of the clock papers. It is important for future work to ensure clear reporting of tangible data on the sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics of all the participants in the study, to ensure other researchers can make informed judgements about the appropriateness of the model for their study population.
Fungsi dan Peranan Bank Syariah dan Lembaga Keuangan Non Bank
Authors: R Nurul Zahra Zahirah
Published: October 2022

Resume ini untuk memenuhi tugas mata kuliah Ekonomi Moneter Islam
Computational cognitive modeling of predictive sentence processing in a second language
Authors: Patil Umesh , Lago Sol
Published: October 2022

We propose an ACT-R cue-based retrieval model of the real-time gender predictions displayed by second language (L2) learners. The model extends a previous model of native (L1) speakers according to two central accounts in L2 sentence processing: (i) the Interference Hypothesis, which proposes that retrieval interference is higher in L2 than L1 speakers; (ii) the Lexical Bottleneck Hypothesis, which proposes that problems with gender agreement are due to weak gender representations. We tested the predictions of these accounts using data from two visual world experiments, which found that the gender predictions elicited by German possessive pronouns were delayed and smaller in size in L2 than L1 speakers. The experiments also found a ``match effect'', such that when the antecedent and possessee of the pronoun had the same gender, predictions were earlier than when the two genders differed. This match effect was smaller in L2 than L1 speakers. The model implementing the Lexical Bottleneck Hypothesis captured the effects of smaller predictions, smaller match effect and delayed predictions in one of the two conditions. By contrast, the model implementing the Interference Hypothesis captured the smaller prediction effect but it showed an earlier prediction effect and an increased match effect in L2 than L1 speakers. These results provide evidence for the Lexical Bottleneck Hypothesis, and they demonstrate a method for extending computational models of L1 to L2 processing.
Model Discovery Learning dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia yang Kreatif dan Inovatif
Authors: Fitri Rahmi Dia
Published: October 2022

Abstrak ini membahas mengenai Model Discovery Learning dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia yang Kreatif dan Inovatif
Polarization of Climate and Environmental Attitudes in the United States, 1973-2022
Authors: Smith E. Keith , Bognar Julia , Mayer Adam
Published: October 2022

Since the early 1990s, political polarization has been the largest determinant of individual-level environmental and climate change attitudes. But several patterns remain unclear: whether polarization has been largely bimodal or is rather asymmetrical, how polarization patterns have changed over time, and if these patterns are generalizable across different environmental and climate change attitudes. We harmonized four unique sets of historical pooled cross-sectional survey data from the past 50 years to investigate shifts in seven distinct measures of citizen environmental and climate change attitudes for evidence of asymmetric polarization. We find evidence of two distinct historical patterns of asymmetric polarization: first, with Republicans becoming less environmentally-minded, beginning in the early-1990s, and second, a more recent greening of Democratic environmental attitudes since the mid-2010s. These polarization patterns diverge across seven measures of environmental and climate change attitudes, and are robust against sociodemographic, period, and birth cohort factors
Pertemuan 7
Authors: kasim Habibah ibrahim
Published: October 2022

Kehadiran bank syariah diharapkan dapat berpengaruh terhadap kehadiran sistem ekonomi Islam yang menjadi keinginan bagi setiap negara Islam. Kehadiran bank syariah juga diharapkan dapat memberikan alternatif bagimasyarakat dalam memanfaatkan jasa perbankan yang selama ini di dominasi oleh sistem bunga.Lembaga keuangan dalam dunia keuangan bertindak selaku lembaga yang menyediakan jasa keuangan bagi nasabahnya, dimana pada umumnya lembaga ini diatur oleh regulasi keuangan dari pemerintah. Bentuk umum dari lembaga keuangan ini adalah termasuk perbankan, building society (sejenis koperasi di Inggris), credit union, pialang saham, aset manajemen, modal ventura, koperasi, asuransi, dana pensiun, pegadaian dan bisnis serupa. Pada umumnya lembaga keuangan ini dibagi kedalam 2 kelompok yaitu lembaga keuangan bank dan lembaga keuangan non bank (asuransi, pegadaian, perusahaan sekuritas, lembaga pembiayaan, dll).
From Psychological Distance to Place Affinity: How People Perceive and React to the Location of Climate Change Impacts
Authors: Keller Ellis , Richardson Beth , Ball Linden John , Marsh John Everett
Published: October 2022

As climate impacts become more visible, an increasing number of people experience or hear about distressing events such as flooding, landscape change and biodiversity loss. Most of these reports refer to specific places. It is therefore likely that people’s relationships with these places influence their perception of the climate crisis overall. In this paper, we draw together various strands of climate psychology to introduce a framework that addresses people’s perceptions of impacted places and the effect of these perceptions on considerations relating to risks. We propose that there are certain place beliefs (e.g., those related to distance, identity, similarity and caring) which make up our place affinity, which in turn influences our reaction to the place under threat. Additionally, we suggest there may be personal characteristics, termed susceptibility variables (e.g., empathy, values and thinking styles), which could shape these beliefs and their effect on risk perceptions. We report a mixed-method study that explores this framework in a sample of UK participants (N = 200). Participants expressed mixed feelings of familiarity, similarity and caring towards places impacted by climate change now or in the immediate future. Those with a higher affinity for an affected place were more likely to indicate higher concern, but not worry, about climate change overall. Participants expected to feel higher affinity for places impacted in the distant future; however, this was not associated with concern or worry. Qualitative data suggested that additional place beliefs may be related to climate justice, specifically the extent to which a place is thought be vulnerable or responsible for contributing to climate change. We conclude by discussing how our framework may facilitate effective messaging relating to climate change. We also highlight the need to conduct further exploratory and confirmatory work to identify and understand people’s complex beliefs and reactions to personally meaningful places that are under threat.
The Square-Root Scree Plot: A Simple Improvement to a Classic Display
Authors: Del Giudice Marco
Published: October 2022

Scree plots are ubiquitous in applications of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and principal component analysis (PCA); they are used to visualize the relative importance of different factors/components and display the results of selection procedures (e.g., parallel analysis). Because the eigenvalues shown in the scree plot indicate the amounts of variance accounted for by the corresponding factors/components, they tend to give a distorted picture of the relative importance of the factors/components with respect to the original units of the variables. Specifically, variances inflate the apparent importance of large effects and deflate that of small effects; as a result, traditional scree plots exaggerate the differences between larger and smaller factors/components, and flatten the visual representation of the smaller ones. In this brief note, I propose a simple solution in the form of square-root scree plots, i.e., scree plots based on the square root of the eigenvalues. Square-root scree plots provide a balanced display of the relative importance of the factors/components, and a more legible representation of the smaller ones. They are a useful addition to the toolkit of EFA and PCA, and may be preferable as a default option in most common applications.
Network Analyses for Cross-Cultural Music Popularity
Authors: Liew Kongmeng , Mishra Vipul , Zhou Yangyang , Epure Elena V. , Hennequin Romain , Wakamiya Shoko , Aramaki Eiji
Published: October 2022

Anglo-American popular culture has been said to be intricately connected to global popular culture, both shaping and being shaped by popular trends worldwide, yet few research has examined this issue empirically. Our research quantitatively maps the extent of these cultural influences in popular music consumption, by using network analyses to explore cross-cultural popularity in music from 30 countries corresponding to 6 cultural regions (N = 4863 unique songs over six timepoints from 2019-2021). Using Top100 charts from these countries, we constructed a network based on the co-occurrence of songs in charts, and used eigencentrality as an indicator of cross-cultural song popularity. We then compared the country-of-origin of the artists, arousal music features, and socioeconomic indicators. Songs from artists with Anglo-American backgrounds tended to have higher eigencentrality overall, and mixed effects regressions showed that eigencentrality was negatively associated with danceability, and positively associated with spectral energy, and the migrant population of the country (of the charts). Next, using community detection, we observed 11 separate 'communities' in the network. Most communities appeared to be limited by region/culture, but Anglo-American music seemed disproportionally able to transcend cultural boundaries far beyond their geographical borders. We also discuss implications pertaining to cultural hegemony, and the effectiveness of our method in estimating cross-cultural popularity.
Engineered highs: reward variability and frequency as potential prerequisites for behavioural addiction
Authors: Clark Luke , Zack Martin
Published: October 2022

Influential learning-based accounts of substance addictions posit the attribution of incentive salience to drug-associated cues, and its escalation by the direct dopaminergic effects of drugs. In translating this account to disordered gambling, we have noted how the intermittent nature of monetary rewards in gambling (i.e. the variable ratio) may allow for analogous learning processes, via effects on dopaminergic signalling. The aim of the present article is to consider how multiple sources of reward variability operate within modern gambling products, and how similar sources of variability, as well as some novel sources of variability, also apply to other digital products implicated in behavioural addictions, including gaming, shopping, social media and online pornography. Online access to these activities facilitates not only unparalleled accessibility but also introduces novel forms of reward variability, as seen in the effects of infinite scrolls and personalized recommendations. We use the term uncertainty to refer to the subjective experience of reward variability. We further highlight two psychological factors that appear to moderate the effects of uncertainty: 1) the timecourse of uncertainty, especially with regard to its resolution, 2) the frequency of exposure, allowing temporal compression. Collectively, the evidence illustrates how qualitative and quantitative variability of reward can confer addictive potential to non-drug reinforcers by exploiting the psychological and neural processes that rely on predictability to guide reward seeking behaviour.
"Bottom of my own list:" Barriers and facilitators to mental health support use in caregivers of children with neurodevelopmental support needs
Authors: Penner Kailey Elena , Roy Rachel , Hanlon-Dearman Ana C. , Cheung Kristene , Katz Cara , Schleider Jessica L. , Roos Leslie E , Cameron Emily E
Published: October 2022

Objectives Caregivers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders and problems (NDPs) often experience significant psychological distress. Many caregivers report not accessing support, despite perceiving a need. Given the low rate of support seeking, and the limited research on what promotes utilization for this population, there is a critical need to understand facilitators and barriers to support use, as caregiver psychological distress affects both child and family health. The purpose of this research was to investigate variables that may serve as barriers and facilitators to support use in caregivers of children with NDPs.Methods Caregivers (N = 78) of children with NDPs completed an online survey about their mental health and psychological support use through both closed-ended and open-ended questions. Results Positive correlations with small effect sizes were found between caregiver-reported support use and psychological distress. Most participants (66.2%) were above the clinical cut-off score for either anxiety, depression, or parenting stress. Of these participants, only 48.9% had accessed psychological supports for themselves within the past year. Across mixed-methods, lack of time and difficulties arranging childcare were noted barriers. Participants were also given the opportunity to describe factors that would make psychological supports easier to access, responses were given such as providing caregivers with psychological supports while children receive their specialized services.Conclusion The findings add novel information on factors to increase support use in this population. Future research is needed to better understand barriers/facilitators to support use in this population utilizing a larger sample.
Maternal affect and youth psychopathology: The role of mother-adolescent affect congruency
Authors: Schulz Susanne , Nelemans Stefanie , Oldehinkel Albertine , Meeus Wim , Branje Susan
Published: October 2022

Maternal affect contributes to children’s psychosocial adjustment. How maternal daily affect intensity and dynamics (i.e., inertia and variability) are associated with adolescents’ concurrent and later psychopathological symptoms, however, remains unclear. This preregistered study examined (1) associations of maternal day-to-day positive and negative affect intensity, inertia, and variability with adolescent and young adult psychopathological symptoms, and (2) moderating effects of mother-adolescent affect congruency on these associations. Mother-adolescent dyads (N=488) reported positive and negative affect in 75 daily assessments across ages 13-17 years. Adolescents rated their psychopathological symptoms at ages 14-18, 20, and 27 years. Maternal daily affect intensity and inertia, but not variability, were associated with adolescent psychopathological symptoms. Higher mother-adolescent affect congruency was associated with fewer psychopathological symptoms and reflected resilience against adverse effects of maternal affect inertia. While both maternal affect intensity and dynamics play a role in adolescents’ psychopathology, promoting mother-adolescent affect congruency might benefit adolescents’ adjustment.
Something to Prove? Manhood Threats Increase Political Aggression Among Liberal Men
Authors: DiMuccio Sarah , Knowles Eric
Published: October 2022

Manhood is a precarious state that men seek to prove through the performance of masculine behaviors—including, at times, acts of aggression. Although correlational work has demonstrated a link between chronic masculine insecurity and political aggression (i.e., support for policies and candidates that communicate toughness and strength), experimental work on the topic is sparse. Existing studies also provide little insight into which men—liberal or conservative—are most likely to engage in political aggression after threats to their masculinity. The present work thus examines the effects of masculinity threat on liberal and conservative males’ tendency toward political aggression. We exposed liberal and conservative men to various masculinity threats, providing them with feminine feedback about their personality traits (Experiment 1), having them paint their nails (Experiment 2), and leading them to believe that they were physically weak (Experiment 3). Across experiments, and contrary to our initial expectations, threat increased liberal—but not conservative—men’s preference for a wide range of aggressive political policies and behaviors (e.g., the death penalty, bombing an enemy country). Integrative data analysis (IDA) reveals significant heterogeneity in the influence of different threats on liberal men’s political aggression—with the most effective being intimations of physical weakness. A multiverse analysis suggests that these findings are robust across a range of reasonable data-treatment and modeling choices. Possible sources of liberal men’s heightened sensitivity to manhood threat are discussed.