bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
USING THE METHOD OF DETERMINING CEMENT PASTE BLEEDING FOR INPUT QUALITY CONTROL IN CONCRETE PRODUCTION
Authors: Kalita D.
Published: December 2024

Fresh cement paste bleeding is one of the basic quality indicators, which, however, is not used for cements intended for the production of ordinary concrete mixtures. In some cases, during input inspection, it is necessary to obtain information on the quality of cement and its suitability for use in specific concrete mix compositions with minimal labor costs. Determining water separation allows to quickly obtain data on both the amount of bleeding water separation and its kinetics.
The basic methodology is the standard method for determining the amount of water separation in GOST 310.6-2020, which additionally includes measurements of the height of the cement paste column, which allows plotting a water separation curve. In modified methods, measuring cylinders of various volumes were used.
Statistical data on water separation of cement pastes from production batches of various plants are collected and presented. The relationship between water separation and normal consistency and setting time of cement is studied. The effect of a long (up to 5 months) shelf life of cements on the amount of water separation is studied. The geometric factors influencing the amount of water separation and the kinetics of the process are considered: the height of the cement paste column, the dimensions of the measuring cylinder. The influence of the initial water-cement ratio of the cement paste on the amount of water separation is studied. A three-stage process of water separation of cement is established with the prevalence of the channel type of water separation. A nonlinear decrease in water separation is noted with a decrease in the water-cement ratio. The obtained basic kinetic dependencies of water separation can be used to predict the water separation of concrete mixtures.
Doctrine as a Source of Criminal Law
Authors: Morozov Maxim
Published: December 2024

The author raises the problem of polynormativity in criminal law. Rules and principles of international law, the Constitution of the Russian Federation, decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, rules of federal sectoral (non-criminal law) legislation, decisions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, judicial precedent, attributed by some lawyers to auxiliary sources of criminal law, are sometimes supplemented by another source of such kind – criminal law doctrine.Considering the doctrine as an additional source of criminal law, the author concludes that its role is multidimensional in relation to criminal law. Thus, the doctrine has a noticeable impact on the lawmaking, and also affects the content of official interpretive documents, which include decisions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. In addition, it is impossible to do without the most significant provisions of the doctrine when applying the norms of criminal law. The presence in the criminal law of such purely doctrinal concepts as «social danger», «corpus delicti», «direct intent in the formal corpus delicti» without disclosing their content does not leave the law enforcement officer with any other options other than turning to legal literature.The author did not have the goal to elevate the doctrine above other additional sources of criminal law or to equate it in importance with criminal law. The article only shows its relationship with the named legal sources and draws attention to the inevitability of recognizing its role in the application of criminal law.
Small Area Estimation Approaches Using Satellite Imageries Auxiliary Data for Estimating Per Capita Expenditure in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Feriyanto Muhamad , Arie Wahyu Wijayanto  , Ika Yuni Wulansari  , Parwanto Novia Budi
Published: December 2024

Introduction/Main Objectives: The economy of a country can determine the welfare of its people. One of the economic indicators in Indonesia is per capita expenditure, which has the lowest estimation at the district level. Background Problems: Sub-district level estimates provide detailed information on inequality that cannot be explained at the district level. Unfortunately, subdistrict level estimates of per capita expenditure in Indonesia have poor Relative Standard Error (RSE) values. Research Method: The Small Area Estimation (SAE) method can improve estimator accuracy on small samples by using auxiliary variable information. Novelty: The existence of big geospatial data such as remote sensing provides an advantage in the efficient use of auxiliary variables. Finding Result: The Empirical Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (EBLUP) model using Nighttime Light Intensity (NTL) as an auxiliary variable provides the best results of the five proposed models. Remote sensing data can potentially be used in SAE auxiliary variables. It provides opportunities for cheaper, faster, and more efficient data collection compared to conventional data.
İnönü Erteleme Ölçeği’nin Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: Yılmaz Aydın Didem , Kutlu Mustafa
Published: December 2024

Genel olarak kişinin yapması gereken işleri öznel rahatsızlık yaşayacak kadar geciktirmesi ya da son dakikaya bırakması şeklinde tanımlanan erteleme, toplumdaki yetişkin nüfusun %15-20’sinde görülen bir davranıştır. Uzun vadede psikolojik ve fizyolojik sağlığı olumsuz yönde etkilediği ortaya konan erteleme davranışı, sadece bir zaman yönetimi sorunu değil; duygusal, bilişsel ve davranışsal boyutları olan bir psikolojik sorun olarak ele alınmaktadır. Yaklaşık 50 yıllık bir bilimsel geçmişe sahip olan erteleme davranışının farklı değişkenler ile olan ilişkisi ya da değişkenler üzerindeki etkisi araştırılırken tüm boyutlarıyla ölçülebilmesi önem arz etmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, yetişkinlerin genel erteleme davranışlarını ölçmek üzere geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Çalışma grubu Elazığ ilinin Merkez ilçesinde bulunan bir ilkokulda öğrenim görmekte olan öğrenci velilerinden oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliği kapsamında yapılan açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) için iki ayrı örneklem grubuyla çalışılmıştır. I. örneklem grubu, 490 veliden (409 kadın, 81 erkek) oluşmaktayken; II. örneklem grubu 278 veliden (201 kadın, 77 erkek) oluşmaktadır. Yapılan AFA sonucunda 24 madde ve beş faktörlü bir ölçek yapısı elde edilmiştir. DFA sonucunda ise ölçeğin veri-model uyumunun mükemmel ve kabul edilebilir değerlere sahip olduğu gözlenmiştir (χ2/sd=1.610, CFI=.90, IFI=.90, SRMR=.07, RMSEA=.050 ve PClose =.46). Güvenirlik analizleri kapsamında ölçeğin iç tutarlılığı ölçülmüş, ölçeğin toplamı ve alt boyutlarına ilişkin Cronbach alpha ve Spearman Brown güvenirlik katsayıları hesaplanmıştır. Ölçeğin Cronbach Alpha katsayısı .79, Spearman Brown güvenirlik katsayısı ise .78’dir. Verilerin analizi sonucunda, İnönü Erteleme Ölçeği’nin yetişkinlerin erteleme davranışını belirlemede kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Navigating Buprenorphine Therapy: A Closer Look at Microdosing vs. Macrodosing for Pain Management and Opioid Addiction – A Narrative Review
Authors: Merhavy Zachary I. , Flores Marcos , Rivera Eliu , Gizzarelli Jordanne , Ruxmohan Samir , Quinonez Jonathan
Published: December 2024

Background: Buprenorphine therapy has emerged as a primary therapy method for both opioid addiction and chronic pain; however, the «one size fits all» approach to buprenorphine administration is no longer tenable. This review analyzes the pharmacology of both dosing approaches and their clinical outcomes, safety profiles, and societal implications, providing valuable insights for healthcare professionals. Methods: Multiple databases were used in conjunction with a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria to source articles to assess the consensus of best methods for treating opioid use disorder (OUD). This comprehensive review discusses two distinct dosing strategies, microdosing and macrodosing, through a detailed literature search to assess the differences and similarities of each strategy. Findings: Microdosing entails administering minimal buprenorphine doses, with promise in pain alleviation and addiction management while mitigating the risks of dependence and side effects typically associated with traditional opioids. In contrast, macrodosing employs higher buprenorphine doses, which is well-established for OUD and chronic pain management but raises concerns concerning misuse and overdose. Conclusion: Tailoring buprenorphine therapy to patients’ individual needs is essential in the face of contemporary healthcare challenges related to pain management and opioid addiction.
Oral health literacy and oral health behaviors of disadvantaged women residing in the slum area of Zahedan, Iran: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Dahmardeh Azam , Yazdani Reza , Pakdaman Afsaneh , Shamshiri Ahmad Reza
Published: December 2024

Background: Disadvantaged subjects are considered a high-risk group due to limited access, insufficient awareness of oral health and lack of preventive behaviors. This study explores oral health literacy (OHL), oral health behaviors (OHB), and factors associated with OHL among women living in the slums of Zahedan in Iran. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 216 disadvantaged women in the slums of Zahedan city in Iran in 2020. The women’s OHL and OHB data were collected using the Persian version of the previously validated Oral Health Literacy-Adult Questionnaire. Statistical analyses, including descriptive and analytical statistics, such as multivariable linear regression analysis, were conducted using the STATA software version 14.2. Results: All 216 female subjects residing in the slum areas of Zahedan city completed the questionnaire (response rate: 100%). The mean age of participants was 26.7 (±5.03) years. The respondents’ mean score of OHL was 7.6 (±2.47) out of 17. Of the participants, 18.98% reported brushing their teeth twice or more daily, 83.3% used fluoride toothpaste, 37.96% had visited a dentist within the past year, 50.93% consumed sugary snacks less than twice per day, and 87.96% did not smoke. In the regression analysis, there was a significant positive relationship between OHL and age (P<0.001), occupation (P=0.03), and education level (P<0.001). Conclusion: The level of OHL among women in the slum area was insufficient. The significant positive associations between OHL and factors such as age, occupation, and education level suggest that targeted educational interventions and community-based programs may be needed to improve this population’s oral health knowledge and behaviors.
METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING THE NECESSARY LEVEL OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF FORESTRY ENTERPRISES IN CRISIS AND SANCTION CONDITIONS
Authors: Shanin Igor , Shtondin Anatoliy , Kuznecova Ekaterina
Published: December 2024

Today, the forest industry is experiencing stress situations associated with the need for a global reorientation of financial, economic and production activities to new market niches, the search for new partners and innovative production technologies. The financial crisis and sanctions from unfriendly countries have slowed down the implementation of plans and programs for the implementation of innovative activities of enterprises. One of the problems of maintaining the required level of innovative development of forestry enterprises has become the problem of attracting investment capital and credit resources to finance and implement innovations, including technological and environmental ones. The author's model of key conditions that impede innovative development and the formation of innovative infrastructure for forestry enterprises is proposed. The article analyzes the degree of depreciation of the main backgrounds and the dynamics of their financing at forestry enterprises. Attention is paid to attracting investment in the context of forestry industries, the level of financing of innovative activities and attracting investment in fixed assets by forestry enterprises implementing innovative development. The article presents the results of the assessment of the implementation of innovations by their types, in the context of all production areas for a five-year period. Based on the analysis and assessment, a model of interaction between participants implementing innovative development of forestry enterprises in crisis and sanction conditions has been formed. The main result of the study is a mechanism for ensuring the necessary level of innovative development of forestry enterprises in difficult economic conditions, on the basis of which the author's methodology for assessing the necessary level of innovative development of forestry enterprises is proposed.
Problems of translation of Orthodox non-equivalent lexis to English
Authors: Knežević Ivana , Ranković Zoran
Published: December 2024

Cultural elements and systems often do not match up between two cultures which use different languages, which represents one of the main problems in the domain of translation. This paper is focused on the problems in translating non-equivalent lexicon specific to the Eastern Orthodox Church. The paper presents an overview and a detailed explanation of translation procedures used in dealing with this issue. The author begins with the non-equivalent words in Serbian, as the source language, since it is the language of the community which has been for many centuries back predominantly Eastern Orthodox and thus possesses an appropriate language “apparatus”, and observes their translation equivalents in English, as the target language. The research will show that the choice of the translation procedures is often not exclusively a matter of language. The good translator must not only have a good knowledge of the target language, but also must be familiar with the specific features of the religion and culture of the given society and the source language. Besides, we will point out that the target audience is also an important factor that must be observed in the process of translation.
Pemberian Uang Pengganti (Iwadh) dalam Kasus Cerai Khulu’ (Studi pada Pengadilan Agama Kota Baubau)
Authors: Arfin Muh. Asruddin , Hanuddin La , Madi
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini akan mengkaji tentang Pemberian Uang Pengganti (Iwadh) dalam Kasus Cerai Khulu’ (Studi pada Pengadilan Agama Kota Baubau). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pemberian uang pengganti (iwadh) dalam kasus cerai khulu’ di Pengadilan Agama Kota Baubau, factor penghambat dan pendukung implementasi pembayaran uang pengganti (iwadh) dalam kasus cerai khulu’ di Pengadilan Agama Kota Baubau, serta untuk mengetahui pandangan hokum dalam pembayaran uang pengganti (iwadh) dalam kasus cerai khulu’ di Pengadilan Agama Kota Baubau menurut hukum Islam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan (filed reseach) dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada proses pembayaran uang pengganti (iwadh) dalam kasus cerai khulu’ di Pengadilan Agama Kota Baubau dilakukan dihadapan hakim ataupun di depan kasir. Sementara factor penghambat dan pendukung implementasi pembayaran uang pengganti (iwadh) dalam kasus cerai khulu’ yaitu ketika pihak istri tidak dapat menyanggupi uang pengganti (iwadh) yang diminta oleh suaminya sehingga sekaran ini lebih banyak yang mengajukan cerai biasa daripada cerai khulu’. Dan pandangan hokum pembayaran uang pengganti (Iwadh) dalam kasus cerai khulu’ menurut hokum Islam dapat dilihat dalam surah al Baqarah ayat 299 dan kebolehan memberikan uang pengganti (iwadh) terdapat dalam hadits Nabi adalah sabdanya dari Annas bin Malik menurut riwayat al Bukhari.
Pengembangan Alat Sensor Kematangan Buah Menggunakan Metode Quality Function Deployment dan Metode Value Enginering
Authors: Pratama Egista Arga , Lukmandono
Published: December 2024

Kematangan buah adalah faktor penting bagi petani dalam menentukan waktu panen. Saat ini, petani biasanya mengandalkan intuisi dan pengetahuan pribadi untuk menilai kematangan, yang seringkali menghasilkan ketidakseragaman. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan alat pendeteksi kematangan buah yang menggunakan metode Quality Function Deployment (QFD) dan Value Engineering (VE). Penelitian ini dimulai dengan mengidentifikasi Voice of Customer (VoC) untuk produk pendeteksi kematangan buah. Selanjutnya, kebutuhan ini diterjemahkan ke dalam parameter teknis untuk proses produk. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam pengembangan alat sensor kematangan buah melibatkan beberapa pendekatan. Observasi dilakukan untuk memahami proses manual penentuan kematangan buah serta kendala yang dihadapi oleh petani dan distributor. Teknik analisis data dalam pengembangan alat sensor kematangan buah melibatkan analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data dari kuesioner dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif untuk mengidentifikasi preferensi utama pengguna, seperti kebutuhan spesifik terhadap akurasi atau harga alat. Berdasarkan analisis QFD, alat pendeteksi kematangan buah dirancang agar dapat digunakan secara maksimal. Alat ini menggunakan sistem sensor yang mampu mendeteksi kematangan berbagai jenis buah dalam waktu 4-5 detik per buah.
Analisis Upaya Pencegahan Pencemaran Minyak dapat Meminimalisirkan Prevention of Polution by Oil saat Proses Tank Cleaning dengan Menggunakan Matriks Penilaian Resiko
Authors: Sitepu Firdaus , Haryanto Tri
Published: December 2024

Tujuan penelitan mengoptimalisasikan upaya penceghan pencemaran minyak saat proses tank cleaning dan untuk mengetahui apakah cara mengoptimalisasikan tersebut dapat meminimalisirkan    pencemaran minyak. Metode tank cleaning yang sistematis yaitu perencanaan, persiapan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Kurang optimalnya peralatan pencegahan pencemaran laut saat tank cleaning dapat menimbulkan bahaya pencemaran di laut. Seperti kasus tumpahan minyak oleh MT. Mantora pada tahun 2009 di laut timur yang menyebabkan perairan Laut timur dialiri minyak selama 74 hari dan membuat ekosistem laut menurun dan mata pencarian nelayan berkurang. Selama penulis melaksanakan penelitian diatas kapal masih ditemukan anak buah kapal yang tidak memahami tentang upaya pencegahan pencemaran laut saat proses tank cleaning di atas kapal, dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitaif dimana sumber data berasal dari Observasi, Kuesioner, Dokumentasi, Studi Pustaka. Hasil peneliti menunjukan bahwa mengoptimalisasikan pencemaran minyak di laut saat proses tank cleaning yaitu dengan cara meningkatkan keterampilan crew kapal dalam penaganan pencemaran minyak dilaut serta familiarisasi terhadap kegiatan tank cleaning serta alat-alat yang akan digunakan dalam proses kegiatan tersebut, tidak hanya itu perekrutan crew kapal sesuai dengan standar perusahaan agar crew kapal tersebut siap bekerja di atas kapal terutama kapal tanker.
Enhancing Fall Detection Accuracy: The Ground-Face Coordinate System for 3D Accelerometer Data
Authors: Sözer Abdullah Talha
Published: December 2024

The global elderly population is on the rise, leading to increased physical, sensory, and cognitive changes that heighten the risk of falls. Consequently, fall detection (FD) has emerged as a significant concern, attracting considerable attention in recent years. Utilizing 3D accelerometer sensors for FD offers advantages such as cost-effectiveness and ease of implementation; however, traditional raw 3D accelerometer signals are inherently dependent on the device's orientation and placement within the device coordinate system. Misalignment between the device's axes and the direction of movement can lead to misinterpretation of acceleration signals, potentially causing misclassification of activities and resulting in false positives or missed falls. This study introduces a novel coordinate system called "ground-face," which is designed to be independent of the device's orientation and placement. In this system, the vertical axis is aligned perpendicularly to the Earth, while the device's x-axis is aligned with the individual's direction of movement. To assess the potential of the vertical component of ground-face referenced accelerometer signals for FD, it was compared with the commonly used acceleration magnitude signal. Detailed analysis was conducted using frequently preferred features in FD studies, and fall detection was performed with various classifiers. Comprehensive experiments demonstrated that the vertical component of the ground-face signal effectively characterizes falls, yielding approximately a 2% improvement in detection accuracy. Moreover, the proposed coordinate system is not limited to FD but can also be applied to human activity recognition (HAR) systems. By mitigating orientation-related discrepancies, it reduces the likelihood of misclassification and enhances the overall HAR capabilities.
The Adamantine Terrifier on the Dresser
Authors: Kozicz Gerald , Luo Di
Published: December 2024

From 1920 to 1963, a collection of Chinese art—mostly from the Qing Dynasty (1644–1911)—was continuously presented at the changing addresses of Ivan and his wife Tsuneko Kondō-Kawase, who finally adopted the full Slovene name of Marija Skušek after her baptism in 1927. The collection had been assembled in Beijing where Ivan Skušek had arrived in 1914 and been a prisoner of war from 1917, and it was then shipped to Ljubljana after his release in 1920. Photographs and a film document how their private rooms were turned into exhibition rooms. They had quite a spectacular arrangement of metalworks on a dresser in front of a mirror. In all locations in Ljubljana where the Skušeks lived, one wrathful figure was always in the centre of the group: Vajrabhairava, the Adamantine Terrifier.
The following article examines the significance of this Buddhist deity in the context of Buddhism in China. It inspects the function and meaning of the dresser, in particular the symbolism of the mirror in relation to the Yamāntaka group of tantric deities, among whom Vajrabhairava assumes the highest position. It further addresses Marija Skušek’s possible role as the actual curator, raising the question about a possible socio-religious concept behind the configuration of the figures.
Características clínicas y desenlaces de los pacientes con linfoma de Hodgkin en la primera recaída en el entorno de la vida real antes del uso de nuevos agentes: importancia del trasplante autólogo de células madre
Authors: Martínez Cordero Humberto , Acón Solano Cristina , Alcalá Lara Sebastián , Valdés Céspedes Jaime , Madera Rojas Ana , Martínez Correa Lina María , Núñez Lemus Marcela , Ospina Idárraga Juan , Porras Ramírez Alexandra
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: El estándar de cuidado del linfoma de Hodgkin (LH) en estado recaído/refractario es la terapia de rescate, incluida la quimioterapia de altas dosis, seguida de trasplante autólogo de células madre. Hasta la fecha, se ha demostrado que este enfoque de tratamiento mejora la supervivencia sin enfermedad, la supervivencia libre de progresión y evita el fracaso del tratamiento en ensayos clínicos controlados. Este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar los resultados prácticos en Colombia, en los pacientes con LH que utilizan esta estrategia en la primera recaída antes del uso ampliado de conjugados de anticuerpo y fármaco o inhibidores de puntos de control.
Métodos: Se presenta una serie de casos retrospectiva de pacientes con diagnóstico de LH R/R atendidos en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC) de Colombia entre 2013 y 2017.
Resultados: En una base de datos de 171 pacientes se encontraron 31 con LH R/R que cumplían los criterios de inclusión. Los regímenes más utilizados fueron los basados en platino, seguidos de los basados en gemcitabina. La enfermedad sensible a la quimioterapia se demostró en 16 (51,6 %) pacientes; la mayoría logró una respuesta completa. En toda la cohorte, la supervivencia general y la supervivencia libre de progresión fueron más bajas que las informadas en otras series. Los pacientes que finalmente se sometieron a trasplante autólogo de células madre tuvieron mejores desenlaces en comparación con quienes no lo tuvieron.
Conclusión: Esta serie de casos retrospectiva mostró que las respuestas y las sobrevidas son más bajas que las descritas en la literatura. El trasplante autólogo de células madre es esencial para lograr una cura potencial en pacientes LH R/R con enfermedad sensible a la quimioterapia. Los sistemas de salud deben garantizarles el acceso al trasplante a todos los pacientes candidatos a esta terapia.
Modelo para la estimación de la incidencia de cáncer a escala departamental en Colombia, 2012-2016
Authors: Cendales Ricardo , Pardo Ramos Elda Constanza
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Describir los resultados de la validación del modelo usado para la estimación de incidencia de cáncer a escala departamental en Colombia para el periodo 2012-2016.
Métodos: Se utilizó un modelo de regresión lineal generalizado para cada localización tumoral. El modelo de estimación incluyó veinticuatro localizaciones en veintinueve regiones de Colombia, discriminadas por sexo. Se realizaron ajustes de calidad a la información de mortalidad por cáncer. Se utilizó la información de cuatro registros poblacionales de cáncer (RPC). Se validaron siete modelos distintos.
Resultados: Las mejores estimaciones de los casos incidentes resultaron de combinar todos los modelos y de seleccionar para cada localización las estimaciones del modelo que causan menor suma de errores al cuadrado (SEC). La información de los cuatro RPC ofrece una mejor representación de la diversidad en los perfiles de riesgo para incidencia de cáncer propios de cada región.
Conclusiones: Se comprobó que el método empleado para la estimación de casos incidentes de cáncer es reproducible y genera modelos estadísticos convergentes. Se consideró el impacto de las fuentes de información en los resultados finales de la estimación.
Antioxidant Activity, Phytochemical Screening, and LC/MS-MS Characterization of Polyphenol Content of Jordanian Habitat of Pennisetum Setaceum Aqueous Leaf Extract
Authors: Al-Halaseh Lidia , Issa Reem , Said Rana , Al-suhaimat Rawan
Published: December 2024

Background: Pennisetum setaceum is an easy-grow and highly adaptable plant characterized by ravishing stalks and colorful leaves. Therefore, this species has been utilized as a green solution in preserving and restoring the ecological balance and developing biodiversity. In addition, different medicinal uses of the plant have been investigated. Yet, modest research was performed to explore the antioxidant activity and the phytochemical composition of the plant.  
Objectives: The current research aims to evaluate the phytochemical composition and the antioxidant activity for the Jordanian habitat of P. setaceum.  
Methods: Aqueous extract of leaves was prepared by maceration. Screening tests for the identification of secondary metabolite content were conducted using standard procedures. The free radical scavenging activity for the extract was determined using DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay and compared with ascorbic acid. The LC-MS/MS analysis was performed focusing on the phenolic content of the extract.  
Results: The screening tests revealed the presence of steroids, triterpenoids, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, and polyphenols, while saponins were not observed. At a concentration of 4 mg/ml, the free radical scavenging activity for the extract was only 41.32%, compared to 85.54% for ascorbic acid. The LC-MS/MS analysis revealed the presence of eight different phenolic compounds: Succinic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2,3-trans-3,4-trans-leucocyanidin, apiin, iso-orientin, and apigenin, and 5,6,4'-trihydroxy-7,3'-dimethoxyflavone.  
Conclusion: The presence of a limited number of phenolic compounds in the P. setaceum extract may explain its weak antioxidant activity. Further research is required to identify other (non-phenolic) secondary metabolites content, which would enhances our understanding of the roles this plant species play in agricultural, ecological, or medical applications.
In Vivo Evaluation of Genotoxicity and Antioxidant Capacity of Ajuga Orientalis L. (Lamiaceae) Leaf Extracts
Authors: Al-Gharaibeh Mohammad M. , Maslat Ahmed O. , Kanakr Noor Alyaqin A. , Jarra Yazun B.
Published: December 2024

Ajuga orientalis L. (Lamiaceae) is a fragrant herb native to the Eastern Mediterranean region, widely used in traditional healing practices in Jordan and neighboring countries. Despite its extensive use, there is a lack of toxicological studies on its leaf extracts. This study aims to address this gap by evaluating the genotoxic potential of ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts using a micronucleus (MN) assay on mice DNA, alongside assessing their antioxidant status. The median lethal dose 50% (LD50) was tested in ten groups of sixty male Balb/c mice to determine the acute toxicity of A. orientalis leaf extracts. Four groups of male Balb/c mice (n=6) were used to evaluate micronucleus (MN) formation and total antioxidant capacity for each extract. Each group received daily intraperitoneal injections of one of the following concentrations: 4000, 2000, 1000, and 500 mg/kg over 28 days. Additionally, three control groups were included for comparison purposes. Peripheral blood samples were screened for MN formation, and liver samples were assessed for total antioxidant capacity. Results revealed an LD50 of 4000 mg/kg for both extracts, alongside a significant dose-dependent increase in MN formation and lower antioxidant capacity compared to controls. The findings indicate the genotoxicity of A. orientalis leaf extracts in Balb/c mice, urging caution in human consumption. Further research is warranted to comprehensively assess their safety and toxicity, especially considering their traditional medicinal use.
Hydroethanolic Leaf Extract of Murraya Koenigii: Phytochemical Constituents and Biological Evaluation of its Toxicity and Antipyretic Activity in Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Shrestha Manisha , K.C. Sindhu , Sah Bipin Sah , Kumar Jha Prabhat , Khaitu Sajan , Pandey Bipindra , Kishor Yadav Ram , Gautam Ashish , Yadav Binay
Published: December 2024

Background: Fever, characterized by an elevated body temperature beyond the normal range, necessitates effective management. Traditional therapies rooted in indigenous knowledge prove effective, in addressing fever-related conditions for optimal well-being. This study explores the antipyretic potential of Murraya koenigii, a plant deeply rooted in traditional practices in Nepal.
Materials and Methods: The hydroethanol leaf extract of Murraya koenigii was subjected to phytochemical screening and acute toxicity assessment, followed by In vivo antipyretic effects evaluated in male Wistar Albino rats using a yeast-induced fever model.
Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of bioactive compounds such as saponins, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, tannins, and alkaloids. The acute toxicity study demonstrated the safety of Murraya koenigii extract up to 5000 mg/kg, highlighting its wide safety margin. In vivo antipyretics evaluation showed a significant (p< 0.05) temperature reduction at time 90 and 120 minutes by Murraya koenigii hydroethanolic extract (250mg/kg), comparable to the negative control group.
Conclusion: In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the phytochemical profile, safety, and antipyretics properties of Murraya koenigii, supporting its traditional use for fever management.
STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF CURVED FUNNEL FOR SILO UNLOADING
ON PARTICLE FLOW CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: WANG Mingxu , LI Saiqiang , GAO Tao , SONG Zhijie , LIU Kunlun , WU Jianzhang , OUYANG Jiangfeng
Published: December 2024

In order to adapt to the needs of modern intelligent warehousing and reduce the unloading side pressure of grain silo, the influence of curved funnel on the unloading process is designed and analyzed, and this paper uses EDEM simulation software and Hertz Mindlin model for analysis. The results found that compared with the unloading characteristics of the conical funnel, the unloading side pressure is effectively improved; in the unloading process, with the increase of the shrinkage rate, the critical position of the flow transformation increases and the flow velocity of the particle group accelerates. However, the flow velocity of the particle group decreases when it reaches the critical position of 250 mm. Combined with the corresponding analysis, this paper uses the Froude number to quantitatively express the mobility of particles. As the shrinkage rate of the curved funnel and the unloading height increase, the Froude number also increases. This paper analyzes and calibrates the curved funnel for soybean unloading in silos, which will provide useful reference for avoiding arching and clogging during the unloading process of grain particles.
Семантичне індексування та кластерний аналіз документів з кібербезпеки
Authors: Ланде Д. В. , Рибак О. О.
Published: December 2024

Розглянуто методи екстракції концептів із текстів та побудови семантичних мереж для аналізу даних у контексті кібербезпеки. Основна увага приділена використанню великих мовних моделей (LLM) для автоматизованого витягу сутностей і побудови мереж концептів. Це дозволяє визначати взаємозалежності та структурувати інформацію, формувати семантичні мережі. Такі мережі можна використовувати для подальшого кластерного аналізу, що дає можливість автоматично групувати вузли за схожістю та визначати нові закономірності в даних. Досліджено побудову мереж близькості документів, що дозволяє оцінювати ступінь схожості текстів на основі їхніх семантичних структур. Запропонований підхід дозволяє виявляти тематично споріднені документи, що можуть містити важливу інформацію для аналізу, а також визначати інформаційні ланцюжки та ключові тенденції у великих масивах текстових даних, ключові тенденції і загрози у сфері кібербезпеки.
Оцінка ефективності застосування сервісів «ChatGPT» та «Google» для наукового пошуку
Authors: Манько Д.Ю. , Беляк Є.В. , Крючин А.А. , Євтушевська О.В.
Published: December 2024

Проведено порівняльний аналіз ефективності застосування онлайн-сервісу «ChatGPT», що базується на великій мовній моделі та механізмах адаптації для ведення діалогів природними мовами, а також пошукової системи «Google Search Engine». Цільовими показниками порівняльного аналізу слугували швидкодія, точність і користувацький досвід при пошуку інформації у рамках проведення наукового дослідження. На основі наборів даних, що представляють результати виконання зазначеними онлайн-сервісом і пошуковою системою серії запитів було досліджено продуктивність роботи в режимі діалогової взаємодії. За тестові завдання було обрано завдання аналізу азіатського ринку світлодіодів і сучасного стану досліджень технологій, що базуються на використанні джерел ближнього інфрачервоного випромінювання. Проведено порівняння за цільовими показниками, що представлені на кількісному рівні, зокрема, за часом обробки вхідного запиту, відповідністю результатів виконання поставленому запиту, а також індивідуальним досвідом користувачів. Це надало можливість виділити сильні та слабкі сторони онлайн-сервісу «ChatGPT» і пошукової системи «Google Search Engine», а також сформувати методологічні рекомендації щодо їхнього використання в науковому пошуку. Зазначено, що онлайн-сервіс «ChatGPT» ефективно виконує запити, які сформовано за принципами природної мови, як таку в рамках дослідження було обрано англійську. Індивідуальний досвід користувачів вказує на високий рівень персоналізованої взаємодії при роботі з «ChatGPT», що сприяє ефективності роботи при роботі над науковим проектом на етапах наукового пошуку, аналізу даних і підготовки результатів наукового дослідження. Було вказано на значні переваги у використанні механізму «ChatGPT 4.0» над «ChatGPT 3.5» за об’ємом, релевантністю та структурованістю відповіді. Натомість, пошукова система «Google Search Engine» характеризується високими показниками точності, актуальності та об’єму наукових даних, але робота із зазначеним онлайн-сервісом при цьому потребує від дослідника відповідної кваліфікації. Табл.: 4. Іл.: 3. Бібліогр.: 16 найм.
Rubber Tyred Gantry (RTG) Failure Analysis Using FMEA Method at PT. Kaltim Kariangau Terminal Balikpapan
Authors: Fitriah Rifkah , Andi Ningrat  , Dwi Wahyuni Rahman  , Andi Rachmianty AM  , Muslihati  , Wardina Suwedy
Published: December 2024

Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) is a method designed to evaluate system designs by identifying various failure modes of a system, which consists of multiple components, and analyzing their impacts on the system's reliability. The primary goal of FMEA is to identify and address key issues at every stage of the design and production process to prevent defective products from reaching customers, thereby safeguarding the company’s reputation. This study aims to identify the types of damage occurring in Kalmar-brand Rubber Tyred Gantry (RTG) equipment at PT. Kaltim Kariangau Terminal Balikpapan and analyze these failures using the FMEA method. Data collection was conducted through field observations, interviews, and documentation. The FMEA calculations also include repair recommendations for each identified failure. Based on the analysis, several failures were found to rank highest in severity for each piece of equipment. For RTG 07, the most critical failure was the "Trouble Hoist," requiring corrective actions such as repairs to the motor system, brakes, and gearbox.
Odkrywanie przez dociekanie jako strategia dynamizowania rozwoju umiejętności oceny użyteczności danych u uczniów edukacji wczesnoszkolnej
Authors: Ozga Anna
Published: December 2024

Celem podjętych badań eksperymentalnych było ukazanie skuteczności rozwijania umiejętności oceny użyteczności danych u uczniów pierwszego etapu edukacji pod wpływem wprowadzenia odkrywania przez dociekanie jako metody pracy z dziećmi. Problem badawczy przyjął zatem formę pytania: W jakim stopniu (słabym, umiarkowanym, silnym) nauczanie wykorzystujące IBSE wpłynie na wzrost umiejętności oceny użyteczności danych przez uczniów edukacji wczesnoszkolnej? W badaniach postawiono następującą hipotezę: u uczniów pierwszego etapu edukacji objętych nauczaniem opartym na metodologii IBSE nastąpi istotny wzrost w obszarze umiejętności oceny użyteczności danych, czyli wykrywania zbędnych danych, które do rozwiązania określonego zadania nie są konieczne oraz wartościowania danych potrzebnych do jego rozwiązania. Dwukrotnym pomiarem zmiennej zależnej objęto 200 uczniów klas drugich ze szkół podstawowych z województwa świętokrzyskiego, które nauczyciele zgłosili do projektu „Dziecko jako badacz”. Analiza ilościowa ujawniła u badanych istotny statystycznie wzrost umiejętności oceny użyteczności danych o umiarkowanym natężeniu. Z kolei analiza jakościowa wykazała, że podstaw wzrostu umiejętności wskazywania danych istotnych oraz brakujących należy upatrywać w rozwoju procesów poznawczych (uwagi, pamięci, myślenia), w opracowywaniu skutecznych strategii działania, a także wyrabianiu u siebie nawyków autokontroli, autokorekty oraz namysłu przed podjęciem decyzji.
Zastosowanie strategii „budowania rusztowania” w edukacji dzieci ze specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi w inkluzyjnym oddziale przedszkolnym – systematyczny przegląd badań
Authors: Zamkowska Anna , Koczańska Monika
Published: December 2024

Celem artykułu jest przeprowadzenie systematycznego przeglądu literatury na temat wykorzystania strategii „budowania rusztowania” (scaffolding) w edukacji dzieci ze specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi w przedszkolu inkluzyjnym. Do analizy wykorzystano narzędzie PRISMA. Pełnotekstowy przegląd ośmiu artykułów opublikowanych w latach 2000–2024, pochodzących z pięciu baz naukowych (Google Scholar, Science Direct, EBSCO, WoS i Scopus) pokazuje, że strategia „budowania rusztowania” jest wykorzystywana do wspomagania opanowania przez dzieci różnych umiejętności edukacyjnych (uczenia się, umiejętności czytania i pisania oraz rozumienia pojęć naukowych), a także wspiera ich samodzielność i autonomię w dokonywaniu wyboru, przejmowaniu inicjatywy w sytuacji uczenia się, dokonywaniu samodzielnej eksploracji, rozwiązywaniu problemów. Scaffolding może być wdrażany przez nauczyciela w bezpośrednim kontakcie z dzieckiem lub z pomocą rówieśnika. Przegląd literatury wskazuje na możliwość zastosowania strategii „budowania rusztowania” w pracy z dziećmi ze specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi w przedszkolach inkluzyjnych. Wielkość efektu w przypadku motywowania była umiarkowana, natomiast w przypadku zapewniania wsparcia w rozwoju poznawczym – wysoka. Analiza stanu badań na temat strategii „budowania rusztowania” poszerzy zakres wiedzy na temat włączających praktyk i oceny ich efektywności w badaniach naukowych.
Evaluation of Tawa Khana as a vernacular floor heating system for enhancing building energy efficiency: A case study of Kabul City, Afghanistan
Authors: Ayoobi Ahmad Walid , İnceoglu Mehmet , Ikhlas Fazalrahman
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the potential of Tawa Khana, a vernacular heating system used in Asian countries, particularly Afghanistan, to improve building energy efficiency. Tawa Khana utilizes radiant floor heating, drawing warmth from a cooking stove or fireplace to heat the floor and subsequently the room. However, it is neglected in contemporary designs, and there is a predicted risk of losing this valuable knowledge entirely within the next few decades. This study aims to evaluate Tawa Khana's features, including its design and construction methods, with the goal of establishing a design manual for Tawa Khana. Furthermore, it analyzes the multifaceted contributions of Tawa Khana to building energy efficiency. For this purpose, a case study evaluation with comprehensive simulations analysis through the DesignBuilder program was conducted. The results indicate that Tawa Khana is applicable with minimal additional technology, increasing room temperature by 4 degrees Celsius, demonstrating its effectiveness as a sustainable heating strategy. This vernacular technique efficiently utilizes waste heat from cooking activities, reducing reliance on conventional heating systems and promoting energy conservation.
A research on the importance of testing the normality assumption in microbiological data
Authors: Çimen Murat
Published: December 2024

The most used distribution in statistical analysis is the normal distribution. Parametric tests (e.g. one sample t-test) require that the data are normally distributed. In this study, milk somatic cell count data (SCC) used to test the normal distribution was obtained from a farm for the first and second month of lactation. According to the findings of the present study, SCC data of the first month showed normal distribution. However, the SCC data of the second month did not show normal distribution. Since the first month data showed a normal distribution, one-sample t-test, which is one of the parametric test methods, was applied for comparison with a specific reference value; since the second month data did not show a normal distribution, the Wilcoxon One-Sample Signed Rank Test, which is the non-parametric equivalent of the one-sample t-test, was applied. When the parametric test was applied to the second month data that did not show a normal distribution, results that did not comply with the standards in terms of SCC were found. When the same data was analyzed with the nonparametric test method, results that complied with the standards were obtained. It is noteworthy that different results are obtained in both analyses. As can be seen from the research results, since existing data sets in the field of microbiology may tend to show large variations, it should be tested whether the data show normal distribution before determining the statistical analysis method. According to the research results, the normality test must be applied in the statistical analysis of microbiological data showing large variations.
Investigation of microstructure and microhardness properties of Nd: YAG laser welded galvanized steel plates
Authors: Yontar Arife Kübra , Çevik Sinem
Published: December 2024

Modern industry has discovered many uses for stainless steel because of its excellent mechanical and physical qualities, outstanding resistance to oxidation and corrosion, hot and cold workability, and superior weldability. The development of lightweight, cost-effective materials is being driven by technological advances. Thus, in order to satisfy Industry 4.0 criteria, additional materials that are resistant to corrosion and oxidation are required. Utilizing galvanization has extended the lifespan of materials used in the chemical, automotive, and white goods sectors, among other industries. Zinc coating, often known as galvanizing, is one technique for surface protection. It is inevitable that welding techniques will become widely used in component manufacturing. Several welding techniques may be used on galvanized materials, but they also come with several drawbacks for the joined samples, including flaws, porosities, and solidification fissures. As a result, the popularity of laser welding (LW) has steadily risen. In the current research, Nd-YAG laser welding was used to combine 2mm thick sheet-galvanized steel sheets. Microhardness tests were used to assess welded samples to determine their mechanical characteristics. Experimental results showed that the microhardness of the welded area was higher than that of the base metal. The microstructure of the welded samples was also examined using SEM and EDS mapping to look for flaws in the base metal, coating, welded area, and HAZ. SEM images revealed that a martensite structure was formed in the weld area, and a smooth joining process was achieved.
“Gerobak Online”: A Model of Community Economic Empowerment During the Covid 19 Pandemic Based on a Mosque via the Zakat Collection Unit of the Al Fatah Mosque in Pacul Village, Bojonegoro Regency
Authors: Cahyono Eko Arief , Mukaromah Lisa Aminatul , Nurjanah Agil Mutiara , Indahsari Yulia , Anam Khurul
Published: December 2024

Zakat Collection Unit (UPZ) Masjid is one of the institutions assisting Baznas in optimizing zakat administration and distributing zakat to mustahiq in line with zakat beneficiaries' asnaf. In accordance with the applicable legislation, UPZ mosques are granted the authority and responsibility as a unit or extension of the district Baznas in helping the administration of zakat, infaq, and alms, as well as their usage to promote the welfare of the people, particularly the congregation. mosque from underprivileged households. This research employs a qualitative methodology, which provides a thorough, precise, and in-depth account of events, people's actions, or locations. This study employs a qualitative methodology to provide a comprehensive explanation of Online Cart: A Model for Developing the Economic Potential of the People in a Pandemic Period Based on the Zakat Collection Unit (UPZ) at the Al Fatah Mosque in Pacul Village, Bojonegoro Regency. Researchers employed ethnographic approaches to determine the economic issues facing the community, particularly those experienced by the mosque congregation. This research was undertaken at the Al Fatah Mosque in Pacul Village, Bojonegoro District, since its administration is deemed competent of handling zakat and bolstering the mosque congregation's finances.. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of zakat management in empowering and enhancing the economy of mosque congregations through the Zakat Collecting Unit (UPZ) in the Online Cart program, as proven by the operation of mustahiq small enterprises owned by empowered individuals. Where about five individuals are empowered in this program and have their own superior items. In this initiative, UPZ Masjid Al Fatah Pacul receives help and supervision in the form of training in digital marketing, packaging, and production of new goods, as well as partnering with Baznas Bojonegoro and the Bojonegoro Department of Industry and Manpower to build mustahiq capabilities.