bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the potential of full-waveform stacking techniques applied to coastal airborne LiDAR bathymetry data of the German Wadden Sea National Park
Authors: Mader David , Richter Katja , Westfeld Patrick , Nistad Jean-Guy , Maas Hans-Gerd
Published: November 2023

As a result of natural processes and human activities, water bodies and in particular the seabed are in a constant state of change. Collecting data on the topography of the seabed for monitoring tasks, coastal protection or to ensure safe navigation is a major challenge. Airborne LiDAR bathymetry is an efficient area-wide method for acquiring seabed topography. However, this measurement method is limited in water depth penetration due to the attenuation of the measurement signal in the water column and water turbidity. Therefore, it is only suitable for bottom detection in shallow water areas. However, recent developments in full-waveform processing techniques allow an increase in the usable portion of the signal waveform, resulting in an improved representation of the seabed. In this contribution, two novel full-waveform processing techniques are evaluated for the first time on a dataset from the German Wadden Sea National Park. In addition, an enhanced water surface correction method is introduced, which accounts for the local sea surface topography with the goal of improving the accuracy potential of the full-waveform stacking processing. The study demonstrates an increase in the analyzable water depth on the order of 26 %. This results in an improved coverage of the seabed in terms of point density and area covered (+ 14.6 %). A comprehensive analysis of the results shows that the additional seabed points represent the seabed well.
Implementasi Sistem Otomatis Pada Conveyor Bandar Udara Rahadi Oesman Ketapang
Authors: Chandra Yudi
Published: November 2023

Penanganan bagasi memiliki peran penting dalam menjaga kenyamanan penumpang bepergian menggunakan pesawat udara dan memproses bagasi tersebut sampai dapat diangkut bersamaan dalam satu pesawat dengan penumpangnya. Tetapi selama ini penumpang tidak tahu bagaimana proses barang bawaan yang sudah diserahkan di check-in counter sampai ke bagasi pesawat. Tetapi selama ini penumpang tidak tahu bagaiman proses barang bawaan yang dari pesawat ke penumpang. Seiring dengan pertumbuhan pergerakan penerbangan (penumpang dan pesawat), saat ini teknologi yang diterapkan untuk penanganan bagasi penumpang telah berkembang pesat. Sistem conveyor saat ini berjalan terus menerus, ada atau tidak adanya barang, untuk mematikan conveyor masih menggunakan tenaga manusia/operator. Jika operator lengah / kurang tertib dapat menyebabkan human error sehingga meningkatnya pemakaian listrik. Salah satu jasa yang menggunakan conveyor dengan sistem tersebut yaitu Bandar Udara Rahadi Oesman Ketapang. Dari permasalahan tersebut maka dirancang sistem otomatis pada conveyor tersebut. Perancangan ini telah menghasilkan alat sistem otomatis pada conveyor yang dapat menyalakan tanpa menekan tombol start jika bagasi terdeteksi adanya barang dan conveyor dapat mati tanpa menekan tombol stop ketika bagasi tidak mendeteksi adanya barang yang diproses oleh Proximity sensor. Sistem otomatis pada conveyor ini dapat diterapkan di Bandar Udara Rahadi Oesman Ketapang untuk memudahkan kinerja operasional teknisi dan hemat daya listrik.
Theoretical study of structural and thermodynamic properties of gaseous metal hydrides m2xh4 (m = li, na; x = be, mg)
Authors:   , Shomari Awadhi
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to explore the properties of the complex hydrides which seem to be the promising candidates for hydrogen storage materials. The geometrical structure, vibrational spectra and thermodynamic characteristics of the gaseous complex hydrides, MXH3 and M2XH4 (M = Li, Na; X = Be, Mg) and the subunits LiH, NaH, Li2H+, Li2H+, Li2H2, Na2H2, BeH2, MgH2, MgH3−, BeH3− have been investigated. Quantum chemical methods of density functional theory and second order Moller−Plesset perturbation theory have been applied. According to the calculations, three isomers of M2XH4 have been proved to exist, polyhedral of C2v symmetry; two−cycled, D2d and hexagonal shape, C2v. For M2BeH4 polyhedral isomer was found to have the lowest energy and for M2MgH4 was cyclic hexagonal configuration. The abundance of the isomers in vapour was evaluated and the hexagonal isomer was observed to prevail in vapour both for beryllium and magnesium complexes. For smaller hydrides, MXH3, the cyclic equilibrium structure (C2v) was shown to exist, another possible configuration, the linear one (C∞v) was found to be of much higher energy (~130 kJ mol–1). Different pathways of gas−phase and heterophase dissociation reactions were examined; the enthalpies of formation of the complex hydrides were found; 105 ± 26 (LiBeH3), 63 ± 37 (Li2BeH4), 121 ± 27 (NaBeH3), 117 ± 39 (Na2BeH4), 114 ± 13 (LiMgH3), 113 ±12 (Li2MgH4), 162 ± 11 (NaMgH3), and 175 ± 26 (Na2MgH4) (in kJ mol 1). The assessment of thermal stability of the hydrides was done through Gibbs free energies for heterophase decomposition.
Preprocessing Effects in Road Traffic Scene Analysis Using Machine Learning Models
Authors: Kim Daehyon
Published: November 2023

Image-based real-time object detection is a key issue in integrated automatic traffic monitoring and control systems and is one of the main research topics in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Despite the growing interest in the application of image processing techniques for traffic scene analysis, vehicle detection algorithms are still unreliable in complex real-world backgrounds. Machine learning models are increasingly being applied to automatic video-based object detection and traffic scene analysis due to their excellent performance in real-time pattern recognition. However, the performance of machine learning models is highly dependent on the properties of the input vectors. Studies have shown that the preprocessing of raw image data obtained from digital video can improve the predictive performance of machine learning models. The purpose of this study is to investigate the predictive performance of machine learning models using preprocessing methods such as image size reduction and image filtering. The experiment was performed with the Backpropagation model, which is one of the most popular machine learning models, and the predictive performance was compared to see how it could be affected by different preprocessing techniques.
 
Deteksi objek real-time berbasis gambar adalah isu kunci dalam sistem pemantauan dan kontrol lalu lintas otomatis terintegrasi dan merupakan salah satu topik penelitian utama dalam Sistem Transportasi Cerdas. Meskipun minat yang meningkat dalam penerapan teknik pemrosesan gambar untuk analisis scene lalu lintas, algoritma deteksi kendaraan masih belum dapat diandalkan dalam latar belakang dunia nyata yang kompleks. Model pembelajaran mesin semakin diterapkan pada deteksi objek berbasis video otomatis dan analisis scene lalu lintas karena kinerja mereka yang sangat baik dalam pengenalan pola real-time. Namun, kinerja model pembelajaran mesin sangat bergantung pada sifat vektor masukan. Studi telah menunjukkan bahwa pra-pemrosesan data gambar mentah yang diperoleh dari video digital dapat meningkatkan kinerja prediktif dari model pembelajaran mesin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menyelidiki kinerja prediktif dari model pembelajaran mesin menggunakan metode pra-pemrosesan seperti reduksi ukuran gambar dan penyaringan gambar. Percobaan dilakukan dengan model Backpropagation, yang merupakan salah satu model pembelajaran mesin paling populer, dan kinerja prediktifnya dibandingkan untuk melihat bagaimana hal itu dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai teknik pra-pemrosesan.
Application of the Model View Controller Concept for the Academic Information System at PKBM Nola
Authors: Moch Farhan  , Setiawan Eman
Published: November 2023

The Academic Information System (SIA) is important in managing academic data, including processing and reporting report cards, in non-formal educational institutions such as PKBM Nola. This research aims to apply the Model-View-Controller (MVC) concept in the Academic Report Card Information System at PKBM Nola to increase efficiency and accuracy in processing academic data. This study uses a structured software development approach in which the SIA Raport system design is based on the MVC concept. The model manages academic data, including student information, subjects, and grades. View is responsible for displaying the user interface that allows users to view and manipulate academic data. The controller is a liaison between the Model and View, managing data flow and maintaining data integrity. By applying the MVC concept in the Academic Reports Information System at PKBM Nola, institutions can benefit from processing academic data, increasing efficiency, and providing accurate information to relevant stakeholders. This research provides a foundation for developing a better academic information system in other non-formal education institutions, emphasizing systematic segregation of duties and responsibilities through the MVC concept.
 
Sistem Informasi Akademik (SIA) memiliki peran penting dalam pengelolaan data akademik, termasuk pengolahan dan pelaporan raport, di lembaga pendidikan nonformal seperti PKBM Nola. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menerapkan konsep Model-View-Controller (MVC) dalam Sistem Informasi Akademik Raport di PKBM Nola guna meningkatkan efisiensi dan akurasi dalam proses pengolahan data akademik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan pengembangan perangkat lunak yang terstruktur, di mana desain sistem SIA Raport didasarkan pada konsep MVC. Model berfungsi untuk mengelola data akademik, termasuk informasi siswa, mata pelajaran, dan nilai-nilai. View bertanggung jawab untuk tampilan antarmuka pengguna yang memungkinkan pengguna untuk melihat dan memanipulasi data akademik. Controller berperan sebagai penghubung antara Model dan View, mengatur aliran data dan menjaga integritas data. Melalui penerapan konsep MVC dalam Sistem Informasi Akademik Raport di PKBM Nola, lembaga dapat memperoleh manfaat signifikan dalam pengolahan data akademik, meningkatkan efisiensi, dan memberikan informasi yang akurat kepada stakeholder terkait. Penelitian ini memberikan landasan untuk pengembangan sistem informasi akademik yang lebih baik di lembaga pendidikan nonformal lainnya, dengan penekanan pada pemisahan tugas dan tanggung jawab sistematis melalui konsep MVC.
KEBIJAKAN KENDARAAN LISTRIK UNTUK MENJAWAB ISU PERUBAHAN IKLIM DAN DAYA SAING PARIWISATA INDONESIA
Authors: Raditya
Published: November 2023

Daya saing merupakan indikator penting untuk menilai kinerja kepariwisataan secara umum. Dengan adanya kebijakan percepatan kendaraan listrik berbasis baterai, Indonesia memiliki peluang untuk meningkatkan daya saing pariwisata melalui perbaikan lingkungan, infrastruktur, dan kebijakan, sekaligus memberikan solusi atas permasalahan global tentang perubahan iklim. Para pemangku kepentingan perlu melakukan antisipasi karena perubahan iklim merupakan ancaman besar bagi sektor pariwisata berkarakteristik kepulauan seperti Indonesia. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menyusun tindakan yang dapat dilakukan pemerintah untuk mengatasi perubahan iklim dan peningkatan daya saing pariwisata melalui kebijakan kendaraan listrik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi literatur dan analisis konten. Hasil kajian ini memberikan pilihan kebijakan yang mendukung penerapan kendaraan listrik sebagai transportasi melalui dua arah kebijakan, yaitu mendorong industri untuk meningkatkan produksi dan mendorong penggunaan oleh masyarakat pada aktivitas dan kawasan pariwisata. Pilihan kebijakan ini akan mendorong adopsi kendaraan listrik oleh masyarakat, khususnya di kawasan pariwisata.
L-Malic acid: An exercise in conformational analysis impacting upon optical rotatory dispersion (ORD).
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: November 2023

My momentum of describing early attempts to use optical rotation to correlate absolute configuration of small molecules such as glyceraldehyde and lactic acid with their optical rotations has carried me to  L-Malic acid  (below labelled as (  S  )-Malic acid). The measured optical rotatory dispersion curve at low wavelengths is shown below (dashed line for Malic acid, solid line for Lactic acid). A sign inversion
Das Wetteifern der Bilder: Eine Archäologie der Mem-Kultur
Authors: Ullrich Wolfgang
Published: November 2023

Die anarchische Mem-Kultur erfasst auch Bilder, die bislang als „Werk“ im Reservat der Kunst gehalten wurden. Das ändert zugleich den Blick auf die Kunstgeschichte: Die unablässige Verwandlung, das Weiterführen und Wetteifern der Werke und Motive erscheint nicht mehr als Randphänomen, sondern prägte die Kunst seit jeher. Haben Internet-Meme Vorläufer in der Geschichte der Kunst?
… but red-cyan anaglyphs are cooler
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: November 2023

Over at his truly unique blog  Paleo Errata  , Jeff Martz is claiming that Stereopairs Are Cool. This assertion he supports with the following figure that he put together, showing a set of five stereopairs of a  Longosuchus  braincase: Unfortunately, I am one of those who can’t “see” stereopairs, so these images are uninformative to me — or, at least, no more informative than your average inch-wide braincase photo.
Imaging vibrational normal modes of a single molecule.
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: November 2023

The topic of this post originates from a recent article which is attracting much attention.[1] The technique uses confined light to both increase the spatial resolution by around three orders of magnitude and also to amplify the signal from individual molecules to the point it can be recorded.
Imaging normal vibrational modes of a single molecule of CoTPP: a mystery about the nature of the imaged species.
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: November 2023

Previously, I explored (computationally) the normal vibrational modes of Co(II)-tetraphenylporphyrin (CoTPP) as a “flattened” species on copper or gold surfaces for comparison with those recently imaged[1]. The initial intent was to estimate the “flattening” energy. There are six electronic possibilities for this molecule on a metal surface.
An Ambimodal Trispericyclic Transition State: the effect of solvation?
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: November 2023

Ken Houk’s group has recently published this study of cycloaddition reactions, using a combination of classical transition state location followed by molecular dynamics trajectory calculations,[1] and to which Steve Bachrach’s blog alerted me. The reaction struck me as being quite polar (with cyano groups) and so I took a look at the article to see what both the original[2] experimental conditions were and how the new simulations compared.
Kopiervergütung: VG Wort darf nicht pauschal an Verlage ausschütten
Authors: Pachali David
Published: November 2023

Wenn die VG Wort Vergütungen fürs Kopieren verteilt, darf sie das Geld für Autoren nicht schmälern, indem sie pauschal die Hälfte an Verlage überweist. Der Verteilungsplan der Verwertungsgesell­schaft ist damit hinfällig. Das hat der Bundesgerichtshof heute entschieden. Darf die VG Wort das Geld aus Kopierabgaben pauschal zwischen Urhebern und Verlagen aufteilen? Es geht um Millionen in dem seit 2011 währenden Streit.
How fat was Camarasaurus?
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: November 2023

For reasons that will soon become apparent (yes, that’s a teaser), Matt and I wanted to figure out how heavy  Camarasaurus  was.  This is the story of how I almost completely badgered up part of that problem.  I am publishing it as a cautionary tale because I am very secure and don’t mind everyone knowing that I’m an idiot.
Startling bonds: revisiting C⩸N+, via the helium bond in N≡C-He+.
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: November 2023

Although the small diatomic molecule known as dicarbon or C  2  has been known for a long time, its properties and reactivity have really only been determined  via  its very high temperature generation. My interest started in 2010, when I speculatively proposed here that the related isoelectronic species  C⩸N  +   might sustain a quadruple bond.
Five non-data-science books for data scientists
Authors: von Csefalvay Chris
Published: November 2023

Every year, the Commandant of the Marine Corps publishes a reading list of books that often only bear on warfighting tangentially at best. The idea behind this is that those entrusted with the lives of servicemembers should have an understanding of the world that goes beyond the profession of arms. In much the same way, I have been advising data scientists to go beyond professional literature.
Molecules of the year – 2019: the incredible chloride cage.
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: November 2023

Each year, C&E News runs a poll for their “  Molecule of the year  “. I occasionally comment with some aspect of one of the molecules that catches my eye (I have already written about cyclo[18]carbon, another in the list). Here, it is the  Incredible chloride cage  , a cryptand-like container with an attomolar (10  17  M  -1  ) affinity for a chloride anion.[1] The essence of the binding is
ChemRxiv. Why?
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: November 2023

In August 2016, the launch of a chemistry pre-print service ChemRxiv was announced. I was phoned a day or so later by a staff journalist at C&E News for my opinion.
CH…O hydrogen bonding competing with layered dispersion attractions.
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: November 2023

I have previously looked at the topic of hydrogen bonding interactions from the hydrogen of chloroform Here I generalize C-H…O interactions by conducting searches of the CSD (Cambridge structure database) as a function of the carbon hybridisation. I am going to jump straight to a specific molecule  XEVJIR  (DOI: 10.5517/cc5fgpq) identified from the searches appended to this post as interesting for further inspection.[1]
Reconstructing the ilium of Brontomerus
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: November 2023

Let’s look a bit more closely at the holotype element of  Brontomerus mcintoshi  , which as we all remember is the juvenile left ilium OMNH 66430.  Much of what we’ve said about  Brontomerus  is based on the shape of that ilium, so it’s important to get right.
The Structure of Tetrodotoxin as a free base.
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: November 2023

The notorious neurotoxin Tetrodotoxin is often chemically represented as a zwitterion, shown below as  1  . This idea seems to originate from a famous article written in 1964 by the legendary organic chemist, Robert Burns Woodward.[1] This structure has propagated on to Wikipedia and is found in many other sources.
What Brontomerus did on its holidays
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: November 2023

It’s been a couple of months since  Brontomerus  came out, but new coverage continues to trickle in. For anyone who’s still following, I thought I’d draw attention to a few that I particularly like. A favourite is  One Hip Dino  in  The Scientist  .  It’s told largely from Matt’s perspective, and includes quotes by Mike D’Emic, Susie Maidment and Ray Wilhite.
Naming new animals redux: cheat-sheet restructured
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: November 2023

Sorry to bump Matt’s awesome  Rhea  -neck post off the top of the SV-POW! home page, but I have news of the rapidly developing checklist for new zoological names.  As well as many, many minor and not-so-minor edits — and thanks to everyone who’s participated in this process — I have made a major structural change.  The list has been broken into two, first enumerating Requirements and then describing Best Practice. 
As we may see: the world after dashboards
Authors: von Csefalvay Chris
Published: November 2023

In my latest post for the Starschema blog, I discuss the end of dashboards, and what comes next: Enterprises have spent the last two decades meticulously curating dashboards. Tools have improved and what once was the preserve of trained professionals has largely been democratized across the enterprise. However, dashboards are quintessentially static. A dashboard shows what its developer has directed it to show.
Naming new animals: towards a cheat-sheet
Authors: Taylor Mike
Published: November 2023

As we all know, the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature is a large and intimidating document.  As a result, zoologists naming new animals often do not read it in its entirety (I know I haven’t).  It’s probably because of this that many of the more avoidable nomenclatural mistakes occur.
Prediction: Terra Nova will have dinosauroids
Authors: Wedel Matt
Published: November 2023

 Image borrowed from here.  This isn’t the most perceptive prognostication of all time, and others probably have or will come up with it independently, but I still wanted to get it out there. The upcoming TV show  Terra Nova  , about a family sent back to the Cretaceous as pioneers from an ecologically wrecked future Earth, will have dinosauroids. I haven’t heard any leaks to that effect, it just seems inevitable.
Varying levels of disinfectant resistance among invasive Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates
Authors: Zhang Howard , Zhang Ziyuan , Shan Bert , Tian Xianbin , Meng Qing , Zhang Jing-Ren
Published: November 2023

Disinfectants are essential agents for pathogen/infection control in medical settings. As antibiotic resistance accelerates, disinfectants become more crucial for pathogen control. Klebsiella pneumoniae, a gram-negative bacterium with extensive antibiotic resistance, is a common cause of devastating infections that are mostly acquired in hospitals where disinfectants are regularly applied. Hospital-acquired or nosocomial infections are among the healthcare system's most significant challenges. We hypothesized that nosocomial pathogens could survive regular disinfection since these bacteria are commonly identified in medical settings despite the use of disinfectants. We tested this hypothesis by treating 11 invasive K. pneumoniae strains isolated from the human bloodstream with trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA), a widely used antimicrobial agent in medical settings. Temporary treatment of K. pneumoniae with 32 mg/L TCCA (as would occur in a hospital setting) for 1 hr did not completely eradicate 10 of the 11 isolates. Cultivation for 24 hr in the presence of TCCA at 700 mg/L, more than 20 times the typical concentration for the sanitation purpose, revealed two invasive K. pneumoniae isolates with significant resistance. Subsequent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification found no close association between TCCA resistance and previously identified disinfectant-resistant genes. Our work has thus indicated that K. pneumoniae resistance to TCCA might be attributed to a new mechanism(s) other than the known disinfectant-resistant genes.
Primary source of dietary protein is correlated with differences in the intestinal microbiome diversity
Authors: Gollamudi Ishaan , Gollamudi Ramkumar
Published: November 2023

In spite of the recent popularization of the vegan diet, there is currently a deficit of studies that compare the impact and associated health benefits of dietary protein source, one of the main differentiators between vegan and non-vegan diets, on the intestinal microbiome. The objective of this study was therefore to correlate observed changes in the intestinal microbiome to changes in dietary protein sources. We hypothesized that changes in dietary protein source are associated with changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiome. The participant changed their diet over four separate one-week periods to include plant proteins only, plant proteins and dairy proteins, animal proteins only, and finally animal proteins and dairy proteins. The participant followed their respective dietary treatments for one week. Bacterial 16S dual-index sequencing and bioinformatic analysis identified seven genera and two families of bacteria. Of these, Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Lactobacillum, and Clostridium exhibited population trends correlated with changes in diet. Moreover, a comparison of α-diversity indicated a statistically significant change over the course of the experiment. Although the results of this experiment cannot be generalized due to the sample size, the hypothesis of this experiment was validated: changes in dietary protein source are correlated with changes in the diversity of the intestinal microbiome. However, we recommend further research into the impacts of variance in dietary protein source on the microbiome, especially by implementing longer-term dietary treatments.
KİTAP DEĞERLENDİRME BEDRİYE POYRAZ, HAKİKATIN DÂRINA DURMAK ALEVİLİKTE KADIN, DİPNOT YAYINLARI, ANKARA, 2018
Authors: ÖSÜN Meltem
Published: November 2023

Bu çalışmada, Bedriye Poyraz tarafından hazırlanan Hakikatin Dârına Durmak Alevilikte Kadın isimli kitap tanıtılıp incelenmiştir. Kitap 11-12 Aralık tarihleri arasında Ankara Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi’nde, Prof. Dr. Bedriye Poyraz ev sahipliğinde düzenlenen “İnançta ve Toplumsal Yaşamda Alevilikte Kadın” başlıklı konferansta sunulan bildirilerden oluşmuştur. Aynı zamanda bu konferans, Alevilik ve kadın konusunun tartışıldığı ilk akademik ortam olması nedeniyle de önem arz etmektedir. Konferansta çeşitli kadın akademisyenler tarafından sunulan bildiriler, makale haline getirilerek kitapta yer almıştır. Toplam dokuz makaleden oluşan kitapta, bir de yazar tarafından kaleme alınan giriş kısmı bulunmaktadır.
Experimental translocation of intestinal bacteria caused by closed abdominal trauma, acute blood loss, internal haemorrhage
Authors: Pokryshko Olena , Khomenko Vitalii
Published: November 2023

Bacterial translocation plays an important role in the development of multiple organ failure, which develops as a result of trauma. The severity of bacterial translocation is proportional to the degree of blood loss and damage. The purpose of the study was to establish the spectrum of microorganisms involved in translocation, their population levels, and explore changes in the microecology of mesenteric lymph nodes and liver tissue in white rats subjected to closed abdominal trauma, acute blood loss, internal haemorrhage, and their combination. Experiments were performed on 36 male rats. Biological material (mesenteric lymph nodes, liver tissue) was collected at 7 and 14 hours post-experiment and the samples underwent homogenisation and were then cultured according to laboratory protocols. Isolated bacteria were identified using a Vitek-2 Compact 15 analyser (bioMérieux, France), and their population level was evaluated in log10 CFU/g. Bacterial translocation was considered present when a positive result was obtained simultaneously in the mesenteric lymph nodes and in the tissue of the right lobe of the liver. It was established that the main role in translocation is played by E. coli, P. stuartii, P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa. The combination of abdominal trauma with acute blood loss was accompanied by translocation and K. pneumoniae. Trauma combined with acute blood loss causes additional translocation of E. faecalis, E. cloacae, E. faecium; while internal haemorrhage led to S. aureus and S. epidermidis translocation. The spectrum of translocating microorganisms was more diverse and multi-component when the trauma was combined with internal haemorrhage. At 14 hours post-trauma, there was a tendency for increased population levels of the isolated bacteria compared to the 7-hour data. In all experimental groups, E. coli strains were cultured in the highest concentrations
Cultivation and cryopreservation of rat stem cells and their interaction with lyophilised acellular matrix
Authors: Fedoniuk Larysa , Dovgalyuk Alina , Furka Olga , Palii Ilona , Lavrenchuk Halina
Published: November 2023

With the rapid development of regenerative medicine in the 21st century, the study of the therapeutic potential of stem cells in both preclinical research and clinical trials has become particularly relevant. Preclinical studies on animals allow for a detailed understanding of the mechanisms of action of allogzeneic cell preparations, exploring their regenerative activity, pharmacodynamics, and potential side effects. The purpose of the study was to select optimal conditions for obtaining, cultivating, and cryopreserving mesenchymal stem cells from rats and analyse their interaction with the lyophilised acellular matrix. The enzymatic method was applied to obtain primary cell cultures from the umbilical cord, dermis, and muscles of Rattus norvegicus fetuses. Cell cultures were cultivated in vitro, and cell line proliferation rates were analysed using an inverted microscope. In addition, cryopreservation was performed to store cellular materials. The interaction of mesenchymal stem cells with an acellular matrix and cryopreservation of the obtained cells was at the 4 and 5th passages. It was shown that the optimal nutrient medium for cultivating the obtained lines of mesenchymal stem cells from the umbilical cord and dermis of rat fetuses is DMEM/F12 Advanced. It was established that the method of thawing the cell suspension by 10-fold dilution of dimethyl sulfoxide is more effective than the alternative method of immediate removal of cryoprotectant by centrifugation. The lyophilised acellular dermal matrix was found to have a cytotoxic effect on all cultured rat cells, while the pericardial matrix showed a positive effect on the growth of the investigated cell lines. Thus, the optimal nutrient medium and conditions for freezing/thawing of rat stem cells were selected, and the effect of lyophilised acellular matrix, planned for therapeutic use, on the obtained cell lines was determined
Patophysiological basis of folate cycle disorders and vitamin D deficiency in the development of syncope in childhood
Authors: Kovalchuk Tetiana , Boyarchuk Oksana
Published: November 2023

There are many reports about the role of vitamins B6, B9, B12, and D in the development of cardiovascular diseases. However, most of them relate mainly to the adult population and are limited relative to grades in children with syncope. Understanding the role of these vitamins in the pathogenesis of syncope will help expand the range of therapeutic and preventive care for children. The purpose of the study was to analyse current scientific achievements regarding the role of the folate cycle and vitamin D in the genesis of syncope in childhood. The PubMed Medline and Scopus databases were used and the following search terms were used: “syncope” and “vitamin B”; “syncope” and “homocysteine”; “syncope” and “vitamin D”. The paper summarises the role of vitamin B12 deficiency in delayed myelination and nerve conduction, increased serum norepinephrine levels, and possible pathogenetic mechanisms for the development of noncardiogenic syncope. Scientific facts of the effect of vitamins B1, B6, and B9 on the functioning of the cardiovascular and nervous systems in children are described. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in 60-73% of children with vasovagal syncope and its relationship with the symptoms of the disease was established. Probable pathogenetic mechanisms of vitamin D deficiency in the development of syncope, namely a decrease in peripheral vascular resistance, a violation of neuronal conduction of the baroreflective mechanism, and heart muscle dysfunction, are analysed. The findings will allow doctors and researchers to better approach the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of syncope in childhood and can serve as a basis for developing new strategies to manage the condition and improve medical practices
Identifikasi Kemasan Cacat Produk Rajungan Dengan Metode Six Sigma Pada PT. Kencana Bintang Terang Makassar
Authors: Samad Abdul , Natsir A. Dian Sry Rezki , Mustika Kadir Dian
Published: November 2023

PT Kencana Bintang Terang Makassar memproduksi kaleng rajungan kemasan 454 gram dan kemasan plastik cup 226 gram. Namun dalam proses produksinya terdapat kemasan kaleng tergores, penyok dan cup penyok. Tujuan penelitian ini mengidentifikasi faktor penyebab terjadinya produk cacat kemasan rajungan dan mengetahui solusi dalam mengurangi produk cacat. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan Metode Six sigma dengan tahapan define, measure, analyze dan improve tanpa control. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di atas Pada tahap Define ditemukan jenis cacat kemasan kaleng tergores pada bagian flange (bibir) dan body kaleng, kemasan kaleng bagian body penyok dan kemasan body cup penyok. tahap Measure didapatkan perhitungan Nilai Sigma 4 yang artinya perusahaan berada di standar rata-rata industri Indonesia dengan nilai Rata-rata DPMO sebesar 5.221 untuk kemasan cup dan 6.826 Untuk kemasan kaleng. tahap Analyze jenis kecacatan terbesar adalah kaleng tergores, pada tahap ini juga menggunakan diagram sebab-akibat, jenis cacat pada kemasan kaleng diantaranya faktor manusia, faktor mesin, faktor metode dan faktor lingkungan. faktor-faktor penyebab kemasan cup diantaranya faktor manusia dan faktor metode. Pada tahap Improve dilakukan perbaikan terhadap faktor manusia,faktor mesin, faktor metode dan faktor lingkungan. Hasil Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan kepada Perusahaan sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam upaya perbaikan sehingga jumlah produk cacat dapat dikurangi.
Cent ans d’histoire et quelques solitudes
Authors: Bryce Benjamin
Published: November 2023

Cette introduction évoque le centenaire de la revue et explique les objectifs de ce numéro qui vise à analyser cent ans de développements historiographiques dans plus d’un millier d’articles. Il présente des aperçus sur la manière dont la revue s’est développée, en particulier au cours des premières décennies, et sur les vestiges qui subsistent encore aujourd’hui.
Unfinished Stories, Incomplete Revolutions: Gender and Women’s History in the Journal of the Canadian Historical Association, 1922–2022
Authors: Campbell Lara
Published: November 2023

Over a century, the JCHA has published increasing numbers of innovative articles in gender and women’s history. Historians have addressed foundational debates about the connection between public and private spheres, transnational and postcolonial turns, the discursive construction of gender, and the history of masculinity. The expansion of women’s and gender history in the decade of the 1990s consolidated the field, but also created a sense of disquiet as historians challenged national narratives and disciplinary authority in the historical profession. Despite decades of rich historiographical insights, however, powerful and systemic silences remain in the Journal, including the intersection of gender with race and Indigeneity, and articles with a non-Canadian or non–North American frame of reference. New approaches to questions of gender and power will be needed to challenge, enliven, and reinvigorate the field as it moves into the mid-twenty-first century.
A Model of Civilization: Imperial Projects, Indigenous Peoples, and “Domiciliation” in Upper Canada, 1784–1844
Authors: Ince Nathan
Published: November 2023

From the 1780s to the 1840s, First Nations leaders and imperial officials in the Great Lakes region frequently made common cause to promote the establishment of Indigenous communities within the territories claimed by the British Empire. Largely made up of refugees from across the newly established international border, these settlements offered Indigenous Peoples the possibility of safety and prosperity, while imperial administrators viewed them as crucial props to British power. Although these projects often invoked the discourse of civilization, the approach they advocated was a far cry from the vision of assimilation that is often understood by “civilization” in today’s historiography. Drawing on the model of the nations domiciliées of the St. Lawrence Valley, these projects could be better understood as following a model of “domiciliation,” defined by military alliance, Indigenous autonomy, and the selective adoption of elements of transatlantic culture. This model, however, was consistently challenged by a discourse of “half-civilization” that by the mid-1840s gave rise to a more totalizing policy of assimilation.
Les Mi’gmaq* du Gespe’gewa’gi et la législation sur le droit de pêche au harpon (1857-1876)
Authors: Bigaouette David
Published: November 2023

Au milieu du XIXe siècle, l’État a commencé à légiférer sur la protection et la conservation du saumon qui se faisait de plus en plus rare dans certaines rivières. Au fil de l’évolution de cette législation, les Mi’gmaq des communautés de Listuguj, Gesgapegiag et Gespeg du district du Gespegewa’gi (Gaspésie) ont réagi à ces politiques afin de conserver leur droit de pêche au harpon, que les autorités étatiques associaient désormais au braconnage. Parce que le Département des Affaires indiennes n’avait pas juridiction sur les pêcheries, celui-ci devait se conformer aux politiques du Département de la Marine et des Pêcheries, qui préconisait plutôt la pêche au filet à partir d’une station de pêche. Les Mi’gmaq du Gespe’gewa’gi ont dû s’adapter à la nouvelle réalité de la gestion de la ressource du saumon par l’État, dont la politique sur la pêche au harpon n’était pas appliquée de façon cohérente et rigoureuse au fil du temps. Cet article dresse le portrait des politiques étatiques sur la pêche au harpon, des réactions des Mi’gmaq à ces politiques, et du traitement étatique des demandes provenant des Mi’gmaq pour conserver leur droit de pêcher au harpon.
The works of the Leningrad art industry enterprises of the second half of the twentieth century and their role in the organization of the living environment (on the example of the products of the Leningrad Enamel plant)
Authors: Sapanzha Olga Sergeevna
Published: November 2023

During the last decade scientific interest of the Soviet period consumer goods has been increasing in the context of global political processes, on the one hand, and from the point of view of the organization of the living environment, on the other. The post-war and the late Soviet period consumer goods are interesting for analysis, since they are connected with the state policy of the everyday life of a Soviet citizen. Since the late 1940s, the formation of the consumer goods has been taking place on three levels of everyday culture: the space of the body, the space of the house, the space of the city. The article examines the problem of transition from an environment filled with private objects (1950s) to a single concept of the organization of the environment – design (1960s), using the example of the products of Leningrad art industry enterprises and archival materials (enterprise reports). The study of the material filling of the everyday space of the Soviet are citizen within the framework of the culturological approach assumed the use of a structural and functional method. As part of archival research, a source–based assessment of materials was carried out – annual reports of enterprises. When analyzing the works – products of the art industry enterprises, a set of art criticism methods was used. The materials of the Leningrad Enamel artel/plant are presented for the first time, some samples of the company's products are selected and analyzed in the context of changing stylistic coordinates and the formation of technical aesthetics. Based on the analysis of the degree of study of the porcelain and textile industry of Leningrad in the post-war and late Soviet periods, the conclusion is made about the importance of studying the problem of transition from a stylistic marker of the subject component of the living environment to a design one. This transition is demonstrated by the example of the history and some works from the assortment of the Leningrad Enamel company. Archival materials made it possible to expand the understanding of the history of the enterprise, the circumstances of the transfer of the artel to state administration and the making of products in accordance with the requirements of decorative minimalism. The analysis of artistically designed household goods (cigarette cases, compact boxes) confirms the theses not only about the formal change of artistic language, but also about the formation of ideas about a new living environment.
Not so local: the population genetics of convergent adaptation in maize and teosinte
Authors: Tittes Silas , Lorant Anne , McGinty Sean , Holland James B. , Sánchez-González Jose de Jesus , Seetharam Arun , Tenaillon Maud , Ross-Ibarra Jeffrey
Published: November 2023

What is the genetic architecture of local adaptation and what is the geographic scale over which it operates? We investigated patterns of local and convergent adaptation in five sympatric population pairs of traditionally cultivated maize and its wild relative teosinte (
Zea mays
subsp.
parviglumis
). We found that signatures of local adaptation based on the inference of adaptive fixations and selective sweeps are frequently exclusive to individual populations, more so in teosinte compared to maize. However, for both maize and teosinte, selective sweeps are also frequently shared by several populations, and often between subspecies. We were further able to infer that selective sweeps were shared among populations most often via migration, though sharing via standing variation was also common. Our analyses suggest that teosinte has been a continued source of beneficial alleles for maize, even after domestication, and that maize populations have facilitated adaptation in teosinte by moving beneficial alleles across the landscape. Taken together, our results suggest local adaptation in maize and teosinte has an intermediate geographic scale, one that is larger than individual populations, but smaller than the species range.
Genomic assembly, characterization, and quantification of DICER-like gene family in Okra plants under dehydration conditions
Authors: Elhefnawi Hagar Tarek , Abdel Salam Rashed Mohamed , Atta Ayman , Alshegaihi Rana M. , Alwutayd Khairiah Mubarak , Abd El-Moneim Diaa , Magdy Mahmoud
Published: November 2023

Background

Okra is a plant farmed for its pods, leaves, and stems all of which are edible. It is famous for its ability to tolerate long desiccation periods. It belongs to the Malvaceae family and is a sister species to hibiscus, cotton, and cacao plants.

Methods

In the current study, okra plants were used as a model to sequence, assemble, and analyze the evolutionary and functional characteristics of the Dicer-like protein gene family (DCL) based on DNAseq and qPCR techniques.

Results

Four Dicer-like (DCL) single-copy genes of the okra plant Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench (AeDCL) were successfully assembled. The lengths of the AeDCL copies were 8,494, 5,214, 4,731, and 9,329 bp. The detected exons in these samples ranged from a single exon in AeDCL3 to 24 exons in AeDCL4. AeDCLs had five functional domains of two DEAD-like helicase superfamilies, N and C; one Dicer domain; one ribonuclease III domain (a and b); and one double-stranded RNA-binding domain. The PAZ domain was completely annotated only for AeDCL1 and AeDCL3. All AeDCLs were up-regulated under drought conditions, with leaves showing more extensive fold changes than roots. The study focused on a comprehensive genome-wide identification and analysis of the DCL gene family in naturally drought-tolerant okra plants, an orphan crop that can be used as a model for further genomic and transcriptomic studies on drought-tolerance mechanisms in plants.
Gamma-rays induced mutations increase soybean oil and protein contents
Authors: Mohsen Geehan , Soliman Said S. , Mahgoub Elsayed I. , Ismail Tarik A. , Mansour Elsayed , Alwutayd Khairiah M. , Safhi Fatmah A. , Abd El-Moneim Diaa , Alshamrani Rahma , Atallah Osama O. , Shehata Wael F. , Hassanin Abdallah A.
Published: November 2023

Mutation breeding is one of the effective techniques used for improving desired traits such as yield quality and quantity in economic crops. The present study aims to develop oil and protein contents in addition to high yield attributes in soybean using gamma rays as a mutagen. Seeds of the soybean genotypes Giza 21, Giza 22, Giza 82, Giza 83 and 117 were treated with gamma rays doses 50, 100, 200 and 300 Gy. Plants were then scored based on morphological parameters correlated with yield quantity including plant height, seed weight and valuable protein and oil contents. Mutant lines exhibiting the highest yield attributes were selected and used as parents for M2 generation. The M2 progeny was further assessed based on their ability to maintain their yield attributes. Twenty mutant lines were selected and used as M3 lines. The yield parameters inferred a positive effect of gamma irradiation on the collected M3 mutant lines compared to their parental genotypes. 100 Gy of gamma rays gave the highest effect on the number of pods, branches and seeds per plant in addition to protein content, while 200 Gy was more effective in increasing plant height, number of pods per plant, and oil content. Six mutant lines scored the highest yield parameters. Further assessment inferred an inverse relationship between oil and protein content in most of the tested cultivars with high agronomic features. However, four mutant lines recorded high content of oil and protein besides their high seed yield as well, which elect them as potential candidates for large-scale evaluation. The correlation among examined parameters was further confirmed via principal component analysis (PCA), which inferred a positive correlation between the number of pods, branches, seeds, and seed weight. Conversely, oil and protein content were inversely correlated in most of yielded mutant lines. Together, those findings introduce novel soybean lines with favorable agronomic traits for the market. In addition, our research sheds light on the value of using gamma rays treatment in enhancing genetic variability in soybean and improving oil, protein contents and seed yield.