bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 Pandemic Analysis for a Country’s Ability to Outbreak Control using Little’s Law: Infodemiology Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Ho Yao-Hua , Tai Yun-Juo , Chen Ling-Jyh
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a country’s ability to control the epidemic depends on how well its health system accommodates COVID-19 patients.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to assess the ability of different countries to contain the COVID-19 epidemic in real-time with the number of confirmed, death and recovered cases.

METHODS

Using the dataset provided by the Humanitarian Data Exchange (HDX), we compared the data from 16 countries between 2020/01/22 to 2020/09/15. We analyze the spreading of the virus using Little’s Law to predict a country’s ability for epidemic control.

RESULTS

According to the changes in the average recovery time curve, 16 countries are divided into different cases – Outbreak, Under Control, Second Wave of Outbreak, and Premature Lockdown Lift. Analyzing the dataset with Little’s Law, the curves of some countries (i.e., U.S., Spain, Netherlands, Serbia, France, Sweden, and Belgium) showed an upward trend representing their medical systems in these countries have been overloaded and unable to provide effective medical services to patients, i.e., those countries have lost control (i.e., Outbreak case) of COVID-19. On the other hand, after the pandemic-prevention policy was applied in some countries (i.e., Iceland, New Zealand, Taiwan, Thailand, and Singapore), the average recovery time dropped with the number of new cases decreased (i.e., Under Control case). The prevention policy, e.g., lockdown and gathering restrictions, shows the effect after 14 days, which is the same as the incubation period of COVID-19. The result shows that the average recovery time (T) can be used as an indicator of the ability of a country on controlling the pandemic.

CONCLUSIONS

In this paper, we use Little’s Law to estimate the capacity of each country’s healthcare system for the COVID-19 pandemic and find out a new estimator to represent the severity of the pandemic. We study the impact of interventions on the average recovery time in some countries. The result shows that the average recovery time (T) can be used as an indicator of the ability on controlling the pandemic.
Designing an Indoor Air Quality Monitoring App for Asthma Management in Children: User-Centered Design Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Sunyoung , Park Yunoh , Ackerman Matthew K
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Indoor air pollution is a well-known risk factor that triggers and exacerbates asthma, the most common pediatric chronic disease. Using a mobile app to monitor indoor air quality could be promising in engaging children in keeping their indoor air quality clean and healthy as secondary environmental prevention for asthma management. However, no app is available to allow children to monitor, assess, and improve their indoor air quality.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to design a mobile app that encourages children to monitor indoor air quality and track their asthma conditions through a user-centered, iterative design approach.

METHODS

We reviewed existing apps for indoor air quality monitoring or asthma management for children and conducted two sets of semistructured interviews with 12 children with asthma. We then iteratively created prototypes and evaluated and revised them.

RESULTS

Participants raised a series of outstanding questions on the prototype features and content that described their needs and perspectives, which informed the final designs. Following the identified requirements and recommendations, we developed two versions of the app: AirBuddy for presenting concrete information for indoor air quality and AirPet for gamifying the practice of monitoring indoor air quality.

CONCLUSIONS

By following an iterative, user-centered design process, we developed two versions of an app to encourage children with asthma to monitor indoor air quality and track their asthma condition. The user-centered design approach revealed two crucial aspects that require deeper consideration when creating a child-friendly app, including balancing brevity and expressivity and considering the longitudinal effects of gamification. As a next step, we plan to conduct a longitudinal deployment study to evaluate the real-world effects of our apps.
Relation Classification for Bleeding Events From Electronic Health Records Using Deep Learning Systems: An Empirical Study (Preprint)
Authors: Mitra Avijit , Rawat Bhanu Pratap Singh , McManus David D , Yu Hong
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Accurate detection of bleeding events from electronic health records (EHRs) is crucial for identifying and characterizing different common and serious medical problems. To extract such information from EHRs, it is essential to identify the relations between bleeding events and related clinical entities (eg, bleeding anatomic sites and lab tests). With the advent of natural language processing (NLP) and deep learning (DL)-based techniques, many studies have focused on their applicability for various clinical applications. However, no prior work has utilized DL to extract relations between bleeding events and relevant entities.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we aimed to evaluate multiple DL systems on a novel EHR data set for bleeding event–related relation classification.

METHODS

We first expert annotated a new data set of 1046 deidentified EHR notes for bleeding events and their attributes. On this data set, we evaluated three state-of-the-art DL architectures for the bleeding event relation classification task, namely, convolutional neural network (CNN), attention-guided graph convolutional network (AGGCN), and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT). We used three BERT-based models, namely, BERT pretrained on biomedical data (BioBERT), BioBERT pretrained on clinical text (Bio+Clinical BERT), and BioBERT pretrained on EHR notes (EhrBERT).

RESULTS

Our experiments showed that the BERT-based models significantly outperformed the CNN and AGGCN models. Specifically, BioBERT achieved a macro F1 score of 0.842, outperforming both the AGGCN (macro F1 score, 0.828) and CNN models (macro F1 score, 0.763) by 1.4% (P<.001) and 7.9% (P<.001), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

In this comprehensive study, we explored and compared different DL systems to classify relations between bleeding events and other medical concepts. On our corpus, BERT-based models outperformed other DL models for identifying the relations of bleeding-related entities. In addition to pretrained contextualized word representation, BERT-based models benefited from the use of target entity representation over traditional sequence representation
Profil Darah Rusa Totol (Axis axis) Betina Sehat di Pusat Inovasi Agroteknologi (PIAT), Universitas Gadjah Mada
Authors: Adji Dhirgo , Astuti Dian
Published: January 2021

Center for Agrotechnology Innovation, Gadjah Mada University (PIAT), one of the place for development and breeding ground of spotted deer in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The study of blood profiles was intended to allow veterinarian to understand the normal profile of the spotted deer. Fifteen healthy spotted deer belonging to PIAT were used as experimental animals. The deer were drawn its blood through the jugular vein without the use of anaesthesia. Blood was then accommodated in an EDTA tube, centrifuged at 2500 RPM and analyzed using a Mindray BC-2800 haematology analyzer machine. Based on the results of the study of the blood it were known that  Haemoglobine (Hb) was: 11.5 ± 1.703 g/dl, Red blood cells (RBC) was: 9.3 ± 3.580 106/ml, Packed cell volume (PCV) was: 30.8 ± 6.035 %, Mean corpuscular Volume (MCV) was: 36.8 ± 11.102 fl, Mean corpuscular haemoglobine (MCH) was: 15.0 ± 7.313 pg, Mean corpuscular haemoglobine concentration (MCHC) was: 40.0 ± 14.657 g/dl, White blood cells (WBC) was: 6.4 ± 3.096 103/ml , Neutrophils was: 43.4 ± 21.646, % Basophils was: 0.2 ± 0.168 %, eosinophils was: 0.4 ± 0.447 %, lymphocytes was: 53.4 ± 21.546 % and monocytes was: 2.6 ± 2.394 %. From all of the datas it indicated that blood profiles of PIAT’s spotted deers are different from similar spotted deer blood profiles in India.
Faktor Risiko Feline Panleukopenia pada Kucing di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Putri Riyandini , Sumiarto Bambang , Mulyani Guntari Titik
Published: January 2021

AbstractFeline panleukopenia virus (FPV) infection in cats caused a disease called feline panleukopenia with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. There is no causative therapy for this disease yet, therefore knowing risk factors is important measure to prevent the disease. This study was designed to investigate the risk factors of feline panleukopenia in Special Region of Yogyakarta therefore disease prevention can be done as early as possible. A retrospective case-control study that used 35 cats in the case group and 70 cats in the control group. Case group consisted all feline panleukopenia patients that were tested positive with Anigen FPV Ag Test Kit (Bionote, South Korea) from two local clinics. Control group consisted cats that were own by the neighbour of cats from the case group with age and sex as matching variables. Owner characteristics including formal education, occupation, duration of having cat(s), monthly maintenance cost, and interaction time per day also feline characteristics including breed, neuter status, origin, husbandry, and vaccination status were assessed. Association analysis was done using EpiInfo (chi-square and odds ratio) and manually calculated (estimated attributable fraction and estimated population attributable fraction). Associated risk factors of feline panleukopenia were duration of having cat(s) less than a year, domestic cat breed, cat origins such as pet store or market and stray cat, the presence of new cat(s), outdoor cat lifestyle, waste disposal outdoor, and not vaccinated cat. Vaccination status and the presence of new cat(s) had the highest strength compared to other risk factors. It can be concluded that vaccination and quarantine of new animals are important measures to prevent feline panleukopenia.Keywords: case-control study, cats, feline panleukopenia
Keracunan coklat pada anjing: manajemen terapi dan pencegahan
Authors: Yanuartono Yanuartono , Nururrozi Alfarisa - , Indarjulianto Soedarmanto - , Raharjo Slamet - , Purnamaningsih Hary - , Haribowo Nurman -
Published: January 2021

Chocolate poisoning has long been recognized as a common cause mostly in dogs, although many species are susceptible. Contributing factors include indiscriminate eating habits and readily available sources of chocolate. In general, the poisoning resulted from a lack of public knowledge of the health hazard to dogs that may be imposed by these products.Chocolate is derived from the seeds of the plant Theobroma cacao, and the main toxic components are the methylxanthine alkaloids theobromine and caffeine, causing gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and central nervous signs. Diagnosis is based on history of exposure, along with clinical signs. Amphetamine or cocaine toxicosis, and ingestion of antihistamines, antidepressants, or other CNS stimulants should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Stabilization of symptomatic animals is a priority in treating chocolate toxicosis. Although there is no specific antidote, supportive management includes induction of vomiting and administration of activated charcoal, oxygen, and intravenous fluids. Preventing exposure is the key to reducing the incidence of these poisoning episodes. Therefore, it is important to increase the knowledge of dogs owners with regard to foodstuffs that must not be fed to dogs and should be stored outside their reach.
Deteksi Staphylococcus aureus dan Staphylococcus sp. Secara Langsung Dari Susu Segar Kambing Peranakan Etawa dengan Teknik PCR
Authors: Aziz Fatkhanuddin - , Lestari Fajar Budi , S. Sarah Nuraida , Purwati Endah , Salasia Siti Isrina Oktavia
Published: January 2021

Genus Staphylococcus merupakan salah satu patogen bakteri penyebab mastitis yang menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi pada kambing Peranakan Etawa. Diantara Staphylococcus sp. yang dapat tumbuh dengan baik dalam susu segar, diketahui Staphylococcus aureus dapat membahayakan kesehatan manusia yang mengkonsumsi (food borne disease) karena kemampuannya dalam memproduksi enterotoksin yang tahan terhadap enzim pencernaan maupun pemanasan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeteksi Staphylococcus sp. dan S. aureus secara langsung dari susu kambing peranakan etawa dengan teknik PCR.Metode yang dilakukan adalah mengekstraksi DNA dari 60 sample susu segar dengan prinsip spin column-based nucleic acid purification dan kemudian dilakukan amplifikasi gen spesifik 23S rRNA Staphylococcus sp. dan S. aureus. Hasil PCR diketahui 37 (61%) sampel susu positif mengandung Staphylococcus sp. dan hanya 1 (1,6%) sampel mengandung S. aureus. Metode deteksi dengan PCR dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi kontaminan Staphylococcus sp. dan S. aureus dengan waktu yang singkat
Deficiency of Mutual Trade between Kazakhstan and the EAEU Countries: Trends and Dominant Factors
Authors: Dodonov V. Yu.
Published: January 2021

The article analyzes trends and factors in the dynamics of Kazakhstan’s mutual trade within the EAEU with an emphasis on imports and trade deficits. The aim is to identify the relationship between changes in the absolute and relative values of these parameters and the country’s membership in Eurasian integration organizations and with more general external factors. To achieve the aim, the volume, dynamics and share of imports and trade deficits are analyzed in the context of changes in the purchasing power of the population, world oil prices and volumes of Kazakhstan’s foreign trade with the rest of the world. Research methods: comparative analysis of time series, structural and correlation analysis. As a result of the analysis, a tendency was revealed for an increase in the imbalances in mutual trade of Kazakhstan during the EAEU existence, which, however, are far from historical highs, which does not allow us to conclude that there is a causal relationship between the country’s membership in this association and the aggravation of problems in mutual trade. On the other hand, it was revealed that significant shifts in the share of imports from the EAEU countries to Kazakhstan and the resulting changes in the trade deficit occurred during periods of significant shifts in the purchasing power of the population and are inversely proportional. The analysis made it possible to draw the following conclusions: the relative indicators of imports and trade deficits do not show growth after the creation of the EAEU; the main factor in the change in the share of imports to Kazakhstan from the EAEU is the dynamics of the currency equivalent of household income — the increase in the share of imports from the EAEU occurs during periods of decline in household income, and its decline during periods of their growth; the currency equivalent of income in Kazakhstan is closely correlated with world oil prices, that is, the dependence of the parameters of imports from the EAEU and the trade deficit is due to a more general factor in the external economic situation that affects the purchasing power of the population and business.
COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on the Living Standards of the Darkhan-Uul Aimak Population in Mongolia
Authors: Sambalkhundev Khash-Erdene , Sosorbaramyn Galbadrakh
Published: January 2021

The paper analyzes the situation in the economy of Mongolia due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Particular attention is paid to the negative dynamics of living standards. The authors present two sociological surveys’ results of Darkhan-Uul aimak residents in Mongolia in May and August 2020. They have found that the economic downturn in this industrialized region has significantly affected the incomes of workers in various fields of activity and their families. The fall in the income level of the population affected more than two thirds of the population, about 10% of workers lost their jobs.
Greater Eurasia Project in the Context of Interdisciplinary Discourse
Authors: Kefeli I. F. , Kolbanev M. O. , Malafeev O. A. , Plebanek O. V.
Published: January 2021

The article defines the basic methodological principles of the project “greater Eurasia”, involving the solution of the complex problems of the promotion of global security and sustainable world order in the “era of geopolitical tension” associated with the onset of “Globalization 2.0” at the initial stage of the sixth technological order, a revolutionary transition from “analog” to “digital era” at the beginning of the XXI century and the rethinking of anthropological values caused by the inclusion of the everyday life of modern human artificial intelligence — in the guise of an assistant, a controller of human behavior and actions, or a Chapek robot.
The Next Tasks of Russia’s Macroeconomic Policy on the Eurasian Space
Authors: Glazyev S. Yu.
Published: January 2021

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Численное исследование распространения ударной волны малой интенсивности из чистого газа в электрически заряженную запылённую среду
Authors: Тукмаков Дмитрий Алексеевич , Ахунов Адель Айратович
Published: January 2021

Данная работа посвящена численному моделированию процесса распространения удар-ной волны малой интенсивности из чистого газа в неоднородную среду представляющеюсобой газовую взвесь твердых частиц. В вычислительных экспериментах рассматривалиськак электрические нейтральные, так и заряженные взвеси твердых частиц. В использо-ванной в работе математической модели сохранение компонент импульса несущей средыописывалось системой уравнений Навье-Стокса для сжимаемого газа в двухмерной поста-новке. При описании взаимодействия несущей и дисперсной фазы газовзвеси учитывалисьсила Стокса, динамическая сила Архимеда, сила присоединённых масс, также учитывал-ся межфазный теплообмен. Для дисперсной компоненты смеси решалась полная гидроди-намическая система уравнений движения, включавшая в себя уравнение неразрывности,сохранений импульса и энергии. Система уравнений математической модели дополненнаяграничными условиями решалась явным конечно-разностным методом второго порядкаточности. Также в численной модели использовался алгоритм подавления численных ос-цилляций. Численное моделирование показало, что наличие электрического заряда в дис-персной компоненте смеси оказывает воздействие на движение дисперсной компонентыи вследствие межфазного взаимодействия на течение газа. В результате численных рас-чётов было выявлено, что увеличение размера частиц приводит к существенному ростумежфазного скоростного скольжения. Было определено, что интенсивность скоростногоскольжения между несущей и дисперсной фазами в электрически заряженной запылён-ной среде возрастает в направлении увеличения удельной силы Кулона, в то время как вэлектрически нейтральной газовзвеси рост скоростного скольжения происходит в направ-лении движения ударной волны.
Обобщённая формула бинома Ньютона и формулы суммирования
Authors: Чубариков Владимир Николаевич
Published: January 2021

В основе работы лежит формула бинома Ньютона и её обобщения на последовательности многочленов биномиального типа. Даны применения к обобщённой проблеме Варинга (Хуа Ло-кен) и проблеме Гильберта – Камке (Г.И.Архипов). Доказана формула Тейлора – Маклорена для многочленов и гладких функций и даны её приложения в численном анализе (решение уравнений методом касательных Ньютона, лемма Гензеля в полныхнеархимедовских полях, приближенное вычисление значений гладких функций в точке). Даётся аналог формулы бинома Ньютона для многочленов Бернулли и доказывается формула Эйлера — Маклорена суммирования значений функции по целым точкам, выведена формула Пуассона суммирования значений функции. Рассмотрены примеры последовательностей многочленов биномиального типа (степени, нижние и верхние факториальныестепени, многочлены Абеля и Лагерра). Найдены биномиальные свойства многочленов Аппеля и Эйлера. Для многочленов и гладких функций от нескольких переменных доказана формула Тейлора, получены многомерные аналоги формул Эйлера – Маклорена и Пуассона суммирования значений функции по решётке. Рассмотрен многомерный аналог этих формул для решётки в многомерном комплексном пространстве. Доказаны ряд свойствпоследовательности многочленов биномиального типа от нескольких переменных.
Об эволюции математических моделей трения скольжения твердых тел
Authors: Бреки Александр Джалюльевич , Чулкин Сергей Георгиевич , Гвоздев Александр Евгеньевич , Кузовлева Ольга Владимировна
Published: January 2021

В работе приведены сведения об эволюции математических моделей трения скольжения твёрдых тел. Показано, что с учётом отклонений от закона Леонардо да Винчи — Амонтона — Кулона необходимо его уточнение с использованием поправочной функции от нормальной силы. Создана математическая модель обобщённого закона трения скольжения, учитывающая скачкообразные изменения линейной зависимости силы трения отнормальной силы.
К вопросу о роли математических вычислений в экспертном исследовании процессов структурообразований и фазовых превращений в металлических материалах
Authors: Кузовлева Ольга Владимировна , Гвоздев Александр Евгеньевич , Маляров Андрей Викторович
Published: January 2021

В статье проиллюстрирована роль математики в исследованиях в области технических наук, посвящённых изучению свойств металлических материалов на примере титана.
Определение законов неоднородности покрытия цилиндра, находящегося в плоском волноводе, для обеспечения минимального отражение звука
Authors: Толоконников Лев Алексеевич , Белкин Антон Эдуардович
Published: January 2021

В статье рассматривается обратная задача об определении законов неоднородности упругого покрытия абсолютно жесткого цилиндра, находящегося в плоском волноводе, одна граница которого - абсолютно жесткая, а другая - акустически мягкая. Полагается, что волновод заполнен идеальной жидкостью. Вдоль стенок волновода по нормали к поверхности цилиндрического тела распространяется гармоническая звуковая волна давления,возбуждаемая заданным распределением источников на сечении волновода, расположенного на конечном расстоянии от оси цилиндра. Определены параметры неоднородности покрытия, обеспечивающие наименьшее звукоотражение.Решение обратной задачи получено на основе решения прямой задачи дифракции. Зависимости плотности и модулей упругости материала покрытия от радиальной координаты аппроксимированы многочленами третьей степени.

Построены функционалы,определенные на классе кубических функций и выражающие усредненную интенсивность рассеяния звука в заданном сечении волновода при фиксированной частоте или в некотором диапазоне частот.

С помощью генетического алгоритма осуществлена минимизация функционалов. Получено аналитическое описание оптимальных законов неоднородности покрытия цилиндра для обеспечения минимального звукоотражения.
О «простых» алгоритмически неразрешимых фрагментах элементарной теории бесконечно порожденной свободной полугруппы
Authors: Дурнев Валерий Георгиевич , Зеткина Оксана Валерьевна , Зеткина Алена Игоревна
Published: January 2021

В статье доказана алгоритмическая неразрешимость $\exists \forall^2 \exists^3$-теории свободной полугрупп счетного ранга, что усиливает классический результатВ.~Куайна [1] 1946 года об алгоритмической неразрешимости элементарной теории любой нециклической свободной полугруппы.
Дискретный подход к решению вариационной задачи теории функционала плотности в реальном пространстве
Authors: Заводинский Виктор Григорьевич , Горкуша Ольга Александровна
Published: January 2021

Разработан метод решения вариационной задачи функциональной теории плотности в рамках безорбитального подхода с обобщенной градиентной аппроксимацией. Способ основан на вычислении потенциала обменаорреляции с использованием итеративной процедуры. Расчеты испытаний для двухатомных систем показали, что наш подход позволяет найти энергию связывания атомов и равновесное межатомное расстояние в димерах примерно с той же точностью, что и метод Кон-Шама, но гораздо быстрее.
ANÁLISE DA INFLUÊNCIA DE MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS CONSTRUTIVOS NO DESEMPENHO TÉRMICO EM HABITAÇÃO SOCIAL NO MUNICÍPIO DE LAJEADO/RS
Authors: Giovanaz Alfredo Henrique , Kristiner Isabel , Sartori João Marcos
Published: January 2021

O desempenho térmico das edificações impacta diretamente no conforto do usuário no decorrer das suas atividades diárias e auxilia na manutenção do consumo de energia. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a influência dos materiais e métodos construtivos no desempenho térmico em apartamentos de um condomínio de habitação e interesse social projetado no município de Lajeado/RS e expor soluções buscando a redução da carga térmica da edificação. Para tal, as recomendações descritas no presente trabalho alteram os materiais recomendados em projeto, reduzindo assim as demandas de climatizadores artificiais. Para coleta de dados, foram avaliados os ambientes de permanência prolongada (dormitórios e sala de estar), analisando a carga térmica oriunda das paredes, cobertura, equipamentos eletrônicos e número de pessoas ocupantes, conforme a NBR 15575 (ABNT, 2013). Realizou-se então três modificações significativas nas especificações do projeto original, sendo elas: adição de placa de EPS com espessura de 3cm sobre a laje de cobertura, substituição da telha metálica para telha pré pintada na cor branca e troca da cor da tinta da fachada para a cor marifm. Com isto, verificou-se uma redução de até 43% na carga térmica dos apartamentos, reduzindo o custo com aparelhos de ar condicionado em até 41% nos casos estudados.
CONTROLE DE DISPOSITIVOS EM CASAS INTELIGENTES POR MEIO DO RECONHECIMENTO DE GESTOS E BIOMETRIA FACIAL COM USO DE DEEP LEARNING
Authors: Valmorbida Willian , Etgeton Klaus Fernando
Published: January 2021

Estima-se que bilhões de dispositivos IoT estarão conectados nos próximos anos, criando inúmeras possibilidades para automação em casas inteligentes que poderá tornar a vida das pessoas mais prática, eficiente, confortável. Além das funcionalidades, as pessoas também esperam que as tecnologias se integrem e façam parte do ambiente, proporcionando melhores experiências de interação de maneira mais fácil e natural. Neste trabalho, foi desenvolvido um sistema de visão computacional em Python, com uso de modelos em Deep Learning, para controlar dispositivos IoT conectados em casas inteligentes por meio do reconhecimento de gestos estáticos da mão, realizando uma interação mais segura por meio da autenticação biométrica facial dos usuários. Para o reconhecimento em tempo real, o sistema apresenta um frame rate de 3 FPS (Frames Per Second). O reconhecimento facial dos usuários apresentou excelentes resultados, com apenas 1.10% de falso positivo, enquanto o reconhecimento de gestos apresentou 22.67%. O sistema proposto atende os requisitos necessários com desempenho relativamente bom, porém melhorias quanto ao reconhecimento de gestos ainda precisam ser realizadas para reduzir sua taxa de falso positivo.
Antagonistic selection on body size and sword length in a wild population of the swordtail fish, Xiphophorus multilineatus: potential for intralocus tactical conflict
Authors: Liotta Melissa , Abbott Jessica , Morris Molly , Rios-Cardenas Oscar
Published: January 2021

Alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) have provided valuable insights
into how sexual selection and life history tradeoffs can lead to
variation within a sex. However, the possibility that tactics may
constrain evolution through intralocus tactical conflict (IATC) is
rarely considered. In addition, when IATC has been considered, the focus
has often been on the genetic correlations between the ARTs, while
evidence that the ARTs have different optima for associated traits and
that at least one of the tactics is not at its optima is often missing.
Here we investigate selection on three traits associated with the ARTs
in the swordtail fish Xiphophorus multilineatus; body size, body
shape and the sexually selected trait for which these fishes were named,
sword length (elongation of the caudal fin). All three traits are
tactically dimorphic, with courter males being larger, deeper bodied and
having longer swords, and the sneaker males being smaller, more fusiform
and having shorter swords. Using measures of reproductive success in a
wild population we calculated selection differentials, linear and
quadratic gradients, demonstrate that the tactics have different optima
and at least one of the tactics is not at its optima for body size and
sword length. Our results provide the first evidence of selection in the
wild on the sword, an iconic trait for sexual selection. In addition,
given the high probability that these traits are genetically correlated
to some extent between the two tactics, our study suggests that IATC is
constraining both body size and the sword from reaching their phenotypic
optima. We discuss the importance of considering the role of IATC in the
evolution of tactical dimorphism, how this conflict can be present
despite tactical dimorphism, and how it is important to consider this
conflict when explaining not only variation within a species but
differences across species as well.
Massive cutaneous complications due to snake bite: A rare case and literature review
Authors: Sadeghi Mahdieh , Barazandeh Maryam , zakariaei Zakaria , Davoodi Lotfollah , Tabaripour Rabeeh , Fakhar Mahdi , Zakariaei Ashkan
Published: January 2021

Snake bite is a common and very important issue threatening health
worldwide. Patients who develop hemorrhagic or non-hemorrhagic blisters
following snakebite, in addition to anti-venom, need broad-spectrum
antibiotics and sometimes emergency surgical procedures and
hospitalization to prevent serious complications such as necrotizing
fasciitis, compartment syndrome.
Unilateral Visual loss Due to Methanol Intoxication: A Case Report
Authors: Dana Hoorvash Faraji , Zamani Nasim , Arani Lida Shojaei , Faraji Ali , Bahmani Kiumars
Published: January 2021

A 45-year-old man with bilateral blurred vision referred to toxicology
department, after treatment he suffered from vision loss in left eye
while his right eye was intact. Visual impairment due to methanol
poisoning usually occurs bilaterally, but in our case was interestingly
unilateral.
A Novel Data Cluster Algorithm Based on Linear Regression And Residual Analysis for Human Resource Management
Authors: Wang Hengxiaoyuan
Published: January 2021

Human resource management has become an important part of enterprise
management. How to select high-quality talents and how to allocate
corresponding talents to appropriate works have become an increasingly
acute problem. Traditional data cluster methods cannot effectively solve
the above problem due to the high-dimensional data. Therefore, we
propose a novel data cluster algorithm based on linear regression and
residual analysis for Human Resource Management. Improved hybrid entropy
weight attribute similarity is adopted for measuring the similarity
between objects. The proposed local density calculation method based on
KNN and Parzen window is used to calculate the density of each object.
Then, we utilize the linear regression and residual analysis to select
the clustering center points quickly and automatically, which can
eliminates the subjectivity of artificial selection. A new clustering
center objective optimization model is proposed to determine the real
clustering center. Through theoretical analysis and comparative
experiments on artificial data sets and real data sets, it shows that
the proposed cluster algorithm can overcome the defects of the original
algorithms, and achieve better clustering effect and lower computation
time than state-of-the-art methods.
LAND USE CHANGES AND SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF COMMUNITIES ALONG THE CARAJÁS RAILROAD IN EASTERN AMAZONIA
Authors: Cristo Laís , Santos Marco , Matlaba Valente
Published: January 2021

Studies on communities along large railroad infrastructures are very
relevant because their operations can present socioeconomic and
environmental impacts. This article examines the socioeconomic and
environmental conditions of 32 communities directly affected by the
Carajás Railroad, located in Pará and Maranhão states, eastern Amazon.
The study analyses land-use changes in the territory and the indicators
of those dimensions from 2010 to 2017. The environmental dimension
involved qualitative analysis of satellite images from Google Earth,
whereas the socioeconomic examined 17 variables collected during
fieldwork in 2016 and 2017. To compare the indicators between urban and
rural communities, the statistical tests of Kolmogorov Smirnov
normality, the parametric Student’s t, and the non-parametric
Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis were conducted, considering a 5%
significance level. Overall, the results show urban communities are in
better condition and that those on the Maranhão railroad side are in a
less sustainable situation. The study also found that the community’s
location along the railroad is associated with the forms of land-use and
occupation in the territory; and directly influences the living
conditions of locals since, in the communities near the railroad, there
was a higher variation in land cover and socioeconomic indicators. The
joint analysis of socioeconomic data with satellite images, in defined
periods, can subsidize actions aimed at reducing risk situations and
increasing the resilience and communities’ sustainability endeavors.
Disinformation in the New Media System – Characteristics, Forms, Reasons for its Dissemination and Potential Means of Tackling the Issue
Authors: Levak Tomislav
Published: January 2021

This paper aims to explain the phenomenon of disinformation and its impact.
Furthermore, it aims to point out the magnitude and seriousness of the problem,
as well as the importance of joint action of all social structures in solving it.
The design, production, and dissemination (mainly orally) of untrue and inaccurate information and news for various purposes have been recorded since
ancient times. After the invention of the printing machine, their continuous reproduction and distribution began in written form, which also enabled them to
have a stronger impact, longer duration, and greater reach. Thanks to the development of the media, especially the mass media such as newspapers, radio, and
television, information and news spread faster, more easily and farther, but at
the same time, disinformation began to appear in the public sphere more often.
Due to the strong development of technology and the emergence of new digital
media, primarily the Internet, social networks, and communication platforms,
as global communication phenomena, this problem has reached worrying, and
often dangerous, levels in the current digital age and the new media system. According to recent indicators and research, the situation is deteriorating.
Although the number of papers and the amount of research on this topic has
significantly increased in Europe and the world in recent years, it is a complex
issue which is still not sufficiently addressed in the scientific discourse. Therefore, this paper attempts to provide a clear insight into the definitions and characteristics of disinformation, as a concept that was officially adopted at the
European Union level, for the purpose of denoting the phenomenon, along with
related and similar terms such as fake news, misinformation, malinformation,
information disorder, information pollution, alternative facts and others. This is
done by including the appropriate theoretical background and the results of a
series of relevant previous research studies in order to briefly present the historical development and known cases of disinformation, as well as the causes,
reasons, consequences, and the most sensitive spheres of their production and
dissemination in modern society. The methods for recognizing, preventing, and
combating disinformation established thus far are also presented. In addition,
new measures for their suppression are also proposed.
Antifungal screening and molecular docking simulation of silica supported synthesized sitosteryl hydrogen phthalate using microwave irradiation
Authors: Khan Azhar , Sharma Sunil , Gehlot Abhishek , Gupta Mona , Alam Mahboob
Published: January 2021

In this study, steroidal sitosteryl hydrogen phthalate (stigmast-5-en-3b-yl
hydrogen phthalate) was synthesized by the reaction of 3b-sitosterol and
phthalic anhydride using silica gel as a solid support under microwave
irradiation (MWI). The comparative study of microwave assisted synthesis and
conventional synthesis of the steroidal compound in a hazardous solvent
revealed that the former method provided shortened reaction times at
increased yields. The compounds obtained by the two procedures were
characterized by infrared spectroscopy, proton, carbon-13 nuclear magnetic
resonance (1H and 13C NMR) and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The
synthesized compound was screened for in vitro antifungal activity against
Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans by the Kirby-Bauer Well Diffusion
method. The synthesized compound was subjected to the molecular docking
simulation with a receptor (CYP51). The findings of the antifungal and
docking studies revealed that the synthesized sitosteryl hydrogen phthalate
could be considered as a suitable inhibitor of Lanosterol 14a-demethylase
(CYP51). In addition, the molecular docking approach was applied to design
hypothetical derivatives of sitosteryl hydrogen phthalate inhibitors against
the antifungal target and to compare findings with the binding score of the
molecular synthesized 3b-sitosteryl hydrogen phthalate.
Integrated biopharmaceutical approach in pharmaceutical development and drug characterization: General concept and application
Authors: Cvijic Sandra , Ibric Svetlana , Parojcic Jelena
Published: January 2021

The importance of biopharmaceutical considerations in pharmaceutical
development and drug characterization has been well recognized both by
pharmaceutical industry and regulatory authorities as a tool to establish
predictive relationships between drug product quality attributes (in vitro
data) and its clinical performance (in vivo data). In the present paper,
contemporary biopharmaceutics toolkit including in vivo predictive
dissolution testing, Biopharmaceutics Classification System, physiologically
based pharmacokinetic and biopharmaceutics modeling and simulation, in
vitro-in vivo correlation and biowaiver, are reviewed with regards to
relevant general principles and applicability. The recently introduced
innovative strategy for patient-centric drug development using an integrated
systems approach grounded in fundamental biopharmaceutics concepts, clinical
insights and therapeutic drug delivery targets, described as
Biopharmaceutics Risk Assessment Roadmap (BioRAM) is also presented. Further
development in the field will benefit from joint efforts and exchange of
knowledge and experiences between pharmaceutical industry and regulatory
authorities for the common goal to accelerate development of effective and
safe drug products designed in accordance with patients? needs and
expectations.
A Validated Prediction Model for End-Stage Kidney Disease in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Vistisen Dorte , Andersen Gregers S. , Hulman Adam , McGurnaghan Stuart J. , Colhoun Helen M. , Henriksen Jan E. , Thomsen Reimar W. , Persson Frederik , Rossing Peter , Jørgensen Marit E.
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

End-stage
kidney disease (ESKD) is a life-threatening complication of diabetes which can be prevented or delayed
by intervention. Hence, early detection of persons at increased risk is
essential.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

From
a population-based cohort of 5,460 clinically
diagnosed Danish adults with type 1 diabetes followed 2001-2016, we
developed a prediction model for ESKD accounting for the competing risk of
death. Poisson regression analysis was used to estimate the model based on information
routinely collected from clinical examinations. The effect of including
an extended set of predictors (lipids, alcohol intake etc.) was further
evaluated, and potential interactions identified in a survival tree analysis
were tested. The final model was externally validated in 9,175 adults from
Denmark and Scotland.

RESULTS

During a median follow-up of
10.4 years (interquartile limits: 5.1;14.7), 303 (5.5%) of the participants
(mean (SD) age 42.3 (16.5) years) developed ESKD and 764 (14.0%) died without
having developed ESKD. The final ESKD prediction model included age, male sex,
diabetes duration, estimated glomerular filtration rate, micro- and
macroalbuminuria, systolic blood pressure, HbA1c, smoking and
previous cardiovascular disease. Discrimination was excellent for 5-year risk
of ESKD event with a C-statistic of 0.888 (95%CI: 0.849;0.927) in the
derivation cohort and confirmed at 0.865 (0.811;0.919) and 0.961 (0.940;0.981)
in the external validation cohorts from Denmark and Scotland.

CONCLUSIONS

We have derived and validated
a novel, high-performing ESKD prediction model for risk stratification in the
adult type 1 diabetes population. This model may improve clinical decision
making and potentially guide early
intervention.
Curve Fitting Initial Guess for Iterative Differential Quadrature Solution of Burgers Equation
Authors: GİRGİN Zekeriya , AYSAL Faruk Emre , BAYRAKÇEKEN Hüseyin
Published: January 2021

According to presented numerical studies in the literature, the solution of Burgers Equation (BE) performed for dt=0.001 and dt=0.0001 commonly. In this study, numerical solution of BE carried out by using the Iterative Differential Quadrature Method (I-DQM), as dt=0.01. Convergence speed and accuracy of iterative methods depends on the initial guess. Every Partial Differential Equation (PDE) describes one or more than one physical problems from the perspective of the engineering view. Unlike the previous iterative studies, in this work, an initial guess value is used in accordance with the physical nature of the discussed problem by using curve fitting. Absolute error analysis of obtained results performed for comparison with some previous studies. The consequence of comparisons shows that more accurate results and faster solution than other studies could be obtained by using I-DQM with curve fitting initial guess.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN MORFOLOGI DALAM PENULISAN MAKALAH MAHASISWA HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH IAIN SURAKARTA
Authors: Syafi'i Bahaudin Alfiansyah , Niha Ira Khoirun , Nisaa' Silfiyatun
Published: January 2021

This research aims to find the forms of language errors in the making of papers by students of Islamic Economics Law (HES), in particular class D in the semester VI of the 2019 academic year at the State Islamic Institute of Surakarta. To reach this goal, we employ a combination of descriptive and qualitative methods. We focused on the written errors in the linguistic field of morphology. The data were obtained through the note-taking method. They were then analysed was by making groups of the data, proceed with a presentation of the data, and  verification of the data. The results of the study show 13 kinds of errors in the field of morphology. They are the writing the prefix di- that should be merged into non-merging and vice versa, the writing of the prefix ber-, the writing of prefix me-, the writing of the prefix ter-, the use of suffix -nya, the use of suffix -kan, the combination of the prefix di- with suffix -kan, the writing of prefix me- in combination with suffix -i, the use of prepositions, the writing of the simulphic me -kan, the use of confix ke-an, and the writing of confix per-an. These results indicate that students must continue to learn the rules in scientific writing that refer to the General Indonesian Spelling Guidelines (PUEBI).
ANALISIS DEIKSIS DALAM BAHASA GORONTALO
Authors: Hamzah Aryati , Mooduto William I. S. , Mashudi Imam
Published: January 2021

This research aims to describe the use of deixis in Gorontalo Language. This research was conducted in two stages namely the stage of preparation and implementation of the research. This research was conducted for 1 year. The result of the research showed that the form and meaning of deixis are person deixis, time and place. Persona deixis is divided into several types is deixis of first-person singular (wa’u ‘1sg’, watiya ‘1sg’), deixis of the first person plural (ami ‘1pl.excl’), deixis of the second person singular (yi’o ‘2sg’, tingoli ‘2sg’), deixis of the second person plural (tingoli ‘2pl’, timongoli ‘2pl’), and deixis of the third person singular (tio ‘3sg’) and timongolio ‘3pl’ as a deixis of the third person plural. Whereas, deixis of place are teye, teyamai ‘here’, tetomota ‘there’ this means to show the location of the room and the place of conversation or interlocutor. Deixis time among others yindhie ‘today’, lombu ‘tomorrow’, olango ‘yesterday’, dumodupo ‘morning’, mohulonu ‘afternoon’, hui ‘night’ which have the meaning to show the time when the speech or sentence is being delivered.
PARENTING IN THE QUR’ANIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Sumayah Sumayah Sumayah
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan Parenting dalam Perspektif  Al-Qur’an. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan. Pendekatan yang digunakan, dalam masalah ini didasarkan pada ajaran-ajaran Islam. Metode yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini deskriptif analitis yang memanfaatkan kajian kepustakaan dan mengkonsentrasikan perhatian pada sumber-sumber rujukan yang dihubungkan dengan topic yang dibahas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa parenting dalam perspektif Al-Qur’an berlangsung selamanya. Parenting bersifat demokratis. Ibu dan ayah bekerja merawat anak-anaknya  secara gotong royong. Parenting dimulai sejak kehamilan seorang ibu. Kedua orang tua diwajibkan memperhatikan anak-anaknya dari awal kehidupan anak-anak sampai masa hidup orang tua berakhir. Kedua orang tua harus mendukung kebutuhan fisik dan mental anak-anaknya sampai anak-anak cukup kuat untuk mandiri secara fisik dan mental. Dalam ajaran Islam, ada parenting sosial untuk anak-anak yatim. Orang Islam diwajibkan untuk merawat mereka.
IMPLEMENTASI GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL KEPALA SEKOLAH SD IT
Authors: Dakwah Mujibud
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi gaya kepemimpinan transformasional yang ditinjau dari : 1) Perenapan dimensi idealized influence, 2) penerapan dimensi inspirational motivation, 3) penerapan dimensi intelektual stimulation, 4) penerapan dimensi individualized consideration oleh kepala sekolah dalam memimpin SDIT Muhammadiyah Al Kautsar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan desain pendekatan fenomenologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) Kepala sekolah menerapkan dimensi idealized influence ditunjukkan dari integritas mengelola visi dan misi, keteladan dalam menjalankan tugas dan kemampuan dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan, 2) Kepala sekolah menerapkan dimensi inspirational motivation ditunjukkan dari kemampuan dalam menjadi insiprasi bawahan dan kemampuan memberi motivasi bawahan, 3) Kepala sekolah menerapkan dimensi intelektual stimulation ditunjukkan dari kemampuan dalam menerapkan kepemimpinan kolektif dan kemampuan dalam memberikan tindakan nyata yang memicu munculnya ide atau gagasan baru dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan melalui pemberdayaan bawahan, 4) Kepala sekolah menerapkan dimensi individualized consideration ditunjukkan dari perilaku yang bersahabat, saling adanya kepercayaan, saling menghormati dan hubungan yang sangat hangat dalam kerja sama antara pemimpin dengan anggota kelompok dan kemampuan dalam memperhatikan kebutuhan bawahan/pengikut akan pengembangan karir.