bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Olives-derived Phytochemicals for Prevention and Treatment of Atherosclerosis: An Update
Authors: Dabravolski Siarhei A. , Pleshko Elizaveta M. , Sukhorukov Vasily N. , Glanz Victor Y. , Sobenin Igor A. , Orekhov Alexander N.
Published: August 2024

:

Mediterranean diet is frequently associated with longevity and a lower incidence of adverse
cardiovascular events because of the biological activities and health effects of olives - its
key component. Olive oil, olive leaf extract, fruits and different by-products contain many bioactive
components that exert anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities. In this review,
we focus on the recent studies exploring molecular mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective
properties of different olive oils, olive leave extracts, and specific micro-constituents (such as
oleuropein, tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol and others) in vitro on rodent models and in clinical trials on
human subjects. Particularly, hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein were identified as the major bioactive
compounds responsible for the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet aggregation and
anti-atherogenic activities of olive oil. In total, the discussed results demonstrated a positive association
between the consumption of olive oil and improvement in outcomes in atherosclerosis, diabetes,
myocardial infarction, heart failure, hypertension and obesity.
Method Development and Validation for Quantification of Quercetin in Blood Plasma of Wistar Rats Using LC-MS/MS
Authors: Panda Bhisma Narayan , Gupta Sapna , Kumari Premlata , Singh Ruchi , Bhat Binu , Pramod Ravindran Kumar
Published: August 2024

Background:

Quercetin is a flavanol that has demonstrated pharmaceutical properties
such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-carcinogenic properties. However, parenteral formulations
of quercetin are currently not in widespread use due to its poor aqueous solubility, fast
metabolism, and low bioavailability.

Objective:

This study aimed to develop a quick, simple, and accurate method for the quantification
of quercetin using ultra-fast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Methods:

A rapid and sensitive LC-MS/MS method was developed and fully validated for the
quantification of quercetin in rat plasma after intravenous administration. Quercetin reference standard
was used for the method development as well as in-vivo validation. ACQUITY UPLC BEH
C18 Column (2.1 x 50 mm, 1.7 μm) was used for the chromatographic separation. The mobile
phase consisted of solution A (water with 0.1% formic acid) and solution B (methanol: acetonitrile
with 0.1% formic acid in the ratio of 1:1) with a flow rate of 0.350 μL/min. Further, the
method was applied to quantify and pharmacokineticly profile quercetin in the blood plasma of
outbred male and female Wistar rats.

Results:

The accuracy of the method was calculated for intraday and inter-day, which came out as
≤ 85.23% and 84.87%, respectively. The precision of the method calculated for intraday was
≤3.02%, and for inter-day was ≤2.75%. The percentage recovery was found to be ≤85.23% for intraday
and ≤84.87% for inter-day. The Relative Standard Deviation was 0.04 for intraday and 1.10
for inter day, respectively.

Conclusion:

The developed method has an advantage over other reported methods because of its
short run time of 6 minutes as well as its short time of data registration of approximately 2.5 minutes.
This method can be used for the routine analysis of quercetin in vivo animal studies.
Withdrawal: The Biological Effects of Phytochemicals in Cancer: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Lakshmi S. Mohana , Singh Mishika , Sharma Shivangi
Published: August 2024

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the author of the journal Clinical Cancer Drugs.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php.

BENTHAM SCIENCE DISCLAIMER:

It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously
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must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting
the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the
authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript the authors agree that the copyright
of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
A Novel Synthesis and Quantitation Route of Belinostat
Authors: Laxmi Kumari Nagarapu , Sudhakar Chithaluri
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

This research article describes the production, quantification, and purification
of belinostat from 3-nitrobenzaldehyde as the starting material. A cascade-step process produces
higher yields when compared to all previous existing methodologies.

Method:

The procedure involved the following: Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons (HWE) reaction of
aromatic aldehydes with triethylphosphonoacetate in the presence of potassium carbonate, reduction
of the nitro group to the amino group, sulfochlorination by thionyl chloride, aniline-mediated
sulfonamidation, and hydroxylamine amidation as the last step.

Results:

The prepared solid belinostat was purified, and an acceptable yield of 56-60% was obtained.

Conclusion:

The approach has several key benefits, including low-cost beginning materials,
straightforward techniques, safer and more reliable results, and substantial environmental advantages.
In-Home Positioning for Remote Home Health Monitoring in Older Adults: Systematic Review
Authors: Chan Andrew , Cai Joanne , Qian Linna , Coutts Brendan , Phan Steven , Gregson Geoff , Lipsett Michael , Ríos Rincón Adriana M
Published: August 2024

Background

With the growing proportion of Canadians aged >65 years, smart home and health monitoring technologies may help older adults manage chronic disease and support aging in place. Localization technologies have been used to support the management of frailty and dementia by detecting activities in the home.

Objective

This systematic review aims to summarize the clinical evidence for in-home localization technologies, review the acceptability of monitoring, and summarize the range of technologies being used for in-home localization.

Methods

The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) methodology was followed. MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Scopus were searched with 2 reviewers performing screening, extractions, and quality assessments.

Results

A total of 1935 articles were found, with 36 technology-focused articles and 10 articles that reported on patient outcomes being included. From moderate- to high-quality studies, 2 studies reported mixed results on identifying mild cognitive dementia or frailty, while 4 studies reported mixed results on the acceptability of localization technology. Technologies included ambient sensors; Bluetooth- or Wi-Fi–received signal strength; localizer tags using radio frequency identification, ultra-wideband, Zigbee, or GPS; and inertial measurement units with localizer tags.

Conclusions

The clinical utility of localization remains mixed, with in-home sensors not being able to differentiate between older adults with healthy cognition and older adults with mild cognitive impairment. However, frailty was detectable using in-home sensors. Acceptability is moderately positive, particularly with ambient sensors. Localization technologies can achieve room detection accuracies up to 92% and linear accuracies of up to 5-20 cm that may be promising for future clinical applications.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42022339845; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=339845
Artificial Intelligence Assisted Curation of Population Groups in Biomedical Literature
Authors: Landry Latrice , Lucas Mary , Andy Anietie , Nwafor Ebelechukwu
Published: August 2024

Curation of the growing body of published biomedical research is of great importance to both the synthesis of contemporary science and the archiving of historical biomedical literature. Each of these tasks has become increasingly challenging given the expansion of journal titles, preprint repositories and electronic databases. Added to this challenge is the need for curation of biomedical literature across population groups to better capture study populations for improved understanding of the generalizability of findings. To address this, our study aims to explore the use of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in the form of large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 as an AI curation assistant for the task of curating biomedical literature for population groups. We conducted a series of experiments which qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the performance of OpenAI’s GPT-4 in curating population information from biomedical literature. Using OpenAI’s GPT-4 and curation instructions, executed through prompts, we evaluate the ability of GPT-4 to classify study ‘populations’, ‘continents’ and ‘countries’ from a previously curated dataset of public health COVID-19 studies.
Using three different experimental approaches, we examined performance by: A) evaluation of accuracy (concordance with human curation) using both exact and approximate string matches within a single experimental approach; B) evaluation of accuracy across experimental approaches; and C) conducting a qualitative phenomenology analysis to describe and classify the nature of difference between human curation and GPT curation. Our study shows that GPT-4 has the potential to provide assistance in the curation of population groups in biomedical literature. Additionally, phenomenology provided key information for prompt design that further improved the LLM’s performance in these tasks. Future research should aim to improve prompt design, as well as explore other generative AI models to improve curation performance. An increased understanding of the populations included in research studies is critical for the interpretation of findings, and we believe this study provides keen insight on the potential to increase the scalability of population curation in biomedical studies.
BETWEEN THE RELATIVE AND ECLECTIC THEORY OF PUNISHMENT: THE PURPOSE OF PUNISHMENT IN SERBIAN POSITIVE CRIMINAL LAW
Authors: Ristić Anđela
Published: August 2024

The Criminal Code of Serbia is one of the few criminal codes that regulates the purpose of punishment and criminal sanctions. The latest amendments to the Criminal Code (2019) include a new provision on the purpose of punishment: to achieve fairness and proportionality between the criminal sanction and the committed crime. Until 2019, the purpose of punishment was purely preventive because the legislator accepted the relative theory on the legal purpose of punishment, which entails general and special prevention as the only legal goals. The situation has changed by introducing this new purpose of punishment, which entails the acceptance of the mixed or eclectic theory of punishment. Yet, the issue is still debatable. This paper aims to present a different standpoint on the new provision on fairness and proportionality between the criminal sanction and the committed crime. Although these concepts are intuitively related to the talion principle and thus to retribution, the author attempts to thoroughly argue the viewpoint that fairness and proportionality can also be understood as limitations of the repressive aspect of punishment. Retribution is often mistakenly used as a synonym for repressiveness, although the first term is related to the purpose of punishment and the second one represents the essence of punishment. The author will also consider the protective function of criminal law and some general principles, such as legitimacy.
PUBLIC POLICY AND REGULATORY IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN THE SERBIAN LEGAL FRAMEWORK
Authors: Mihajlović Aleksandar
Published: August 2024

Impact assessment of public policy documents and regulations is an analytical process aiming to assess the positive and negative effects that public policy measures or solutions enacted in regulations can have on the population and economic entities. Depending on whether the impact assessment takes place in the process of developing documents or after their adoption, application and evaluation of the achieved results, there are ex-post and ex-ante impact assessments. In the Republic of Serbia, this area is regulated by the Act on the Planning System and the Regulation on the Methodology of Public Policy Management, Impact Analysis of Public Policies and Regulations, and the Content of Individual Public Policy Documents. The latest amendments to the Act on the Prohibition of Discrimination have introduced provisions that emphasize the obligation and importance of public authorities to take into account the principle of equality when conducting an ex-ante impact assessment. By applying the normative method, the author presents the basic elements of the planning system of the Republic of Serbia and the procedure for conducting impact assessment, indicating that this process is identical for both public policy documents and regulations.
DIGITAL LEARNING IN LEGAL EDUCATION: EDUCATIONAL POLICIES, PRACTICES, AND POTENTIALS OF PEDAGOGY-DRIVEN DIGITAL INTEGRATION
Authors: Ignjatović Gordana
Published: August 2024

This review research paper provides an insight into the broad framework of Digital Learning. The first part of the paper presents the conceptual, structural and pedagogical framework of Digital Learning, with reference to global, regional and national policies, instruction models and underlying digital integration processes. The second part examines Digital Learning in legal education and practices in developed countries, in Serbia, and at the Faculty of Law, University of Niš, before, during and after the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on the research findings and experiences from the first e-learning experience at the LF Niš (March 2020-May 2022), the author provides a brief analysis of Digital Learning and outlines the opportunities for a systemic integration of flexible Digital Learning formats into the contemporary legal education for academic, professional and work-related training purposes.
DEVELOPMENT OF CONTRACT FORM IN ROMAN LAW ILLUSTRATED BY STIUPULATION AS A VERBAL CONTRACT
Authors: Kosanović Nina
Published: August 2024

As the first and fundamental verbal contract in Roman law, stipulation (stipulatio) emerged and developed under the influence of various socio-economic conditions that shaped the development of the Roman state. Originating in pre-classical Roman law under the influence of religion and customs, this verbal contract was subject to changes, such as acquiring the characteristics of a written contract during the period of classical Roman law and experiencing the most significant changes during the period of post-classical Roman law. By observing and analyzing the development of stipulation as a verbal contract, we can observe several general tendencies in Roman law. Thus, we can eventually respond to the following question: how the strict formalism of Roman contract law gave way to the primacy of causality, i.e. how the process of transition from strict formalism to consensualism and the transition from the oral to the written form of contract conclusion took place.
WINTER ELSA LAW SCHOOL "WELS Niš" 2024
Authors: Sekulić Lenka , Jovanović Vuksan , Milić Nađa
Published: August 2024

In this report, we present the results achieved in the Winter ELSA Law School (WELS) Niš, organized in the period from 18 - 25 February 2024 by ELSA Niš. The WELS project aims to allow students from various European countries to acquire new knowledge from different spheres of legal life, make new friendships, and connect with other young lawyers across Europe. The local group ELSA Niš organized this event for the first time in February 2024. In addition to the rich academic program on the topic of “Business Law and IT Law” prepared for the WELS Niš participants, the local group ELSA Niš managed to present the City of Niš  and the Serbian culture to our friends from all over Europe. During the five-day event, held on the premises of the Science and Technology Park Niš and the Faculty of Law, University of Niš, our lecturers covered a range of topics which included: the legal framework of information technologies in the European Union, the legal regulation of blockchain technology, strategies for the defense of a joint-stock company against a hostile takeover, the phenomenon of mass tort claims, and many more up-to-date topics in the sphere of Business Law and IT Law. The lecturers who generously participated in the WELS Niš are prominent experts in their fields, including well-known lawyers, businessmen, and professors from the Faculty of Law, University of Niš.
MAXIMIZATION OF WEAR RATES THROUGH EFFECTIVE CONFIGURATION OF STANDOFF DISTANCE AND HYDRAULIC PARAMETERS IN ULTRASONIC PULSATING WATERJET
Authors: Nag Akash , Dixit Amit Rai , Petrů Jana , Váňová Petra , Konečná Kateřina , Hloch Sergej
Published: August 2024

A pulsating waterjet is a technological modification of a conventional waterjet that utilizes ultrasonic vibrations to generate a modulated jet, resulting in repetitive fatigue loading of the material. The erosion efficiency of the ultrasonic pulsating waterjet is majorly determined by the hydraulic factors and its interaction with standoff distance. However, the dependency of the wear rates on different hydraulic factors and formulation of an implicit prediction model for determining effective standoff distance is still not present to date. Therefore, in this study, the combined dependency of the supply pressure (20-40 MPa), nozzle diameter (0.3-1.0 mm), and standoff distance (1-121 mm) on wear rates of AW-6060 aluminum alloy are studied. Statistical analysis is used to determine the statistically significant factors and formulate regression equations to determine output responses within the experimental domain. The surface topography and sub-surface microhardness of the eroded grooves were studied. The results show that both the disintegration depth and the material removal increase with an increase in the nozzle diameter and supply pressure. However, the dependency of the output responses on nozzle diameter is statistically more evident than supply pressure and two-way interactions. Cross-sectional images of the grooves showed typical hydrodynamic erosion characteristics in erosion cavities, subsurface voids, and material upheaving. The results of microhardness analysis showed an approximately 15-20% increase in hardness values compared to the untreated samples.
THE UP-GRATING RANK APPROACH TO SOLVE THE FORCED FRACTAL DUFFING OSCILLATOR BY NON- PERTURBATIVE TECHNIQUE
Authors: El-Dib Yusry , Elgazery Nasser S. , Alyousef Haifa A.
Published: August 2024

The current research studies a fractal Duffing oscillator in the presence of periodic force. To find an analytic solution for this oscillator, the aspects explained in the following are considered. First, we obtain an alternative unforced fractal fourth-order equation and then convert it into a continuous space. Therefore, the non-perturbative (NP) approach is used to calculate the analytic solution for the alternate equation in the second-order form after reducing its rank. It is seen that the analytical and numerical solutions agree very well. The computations reveal that for every value of the fraction parameter, the approximation and numerical solutions are identical. The present study gives reliability in the technique of reducing the order of differential equations. Furthermore, the required periodic solution is also obtained by Galerkin’s technique. In contrast to the traditional technique, which works to transform the variable and is valid only in the absence of external forces, if there is an external force, it leads to significant mathematical difficulties. The current technique works on the operator, which is simple and effective when investigating fractal oscillators with external forces, easy to obtain analytic solutions, and doesn't lead to any mathematical difficulties.
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN NATURAL FIBER HYBRID COMPOSITES FOR BALLISTIC APPLICATIONS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF MECHANISMS AND FAILURE CRITERIA
Authors: Devarajan Balaji , Lakshminarasimhan Rajeshkumar , Murugan Aravindh , Rangappa Sanjay M. , Siengchin Suchart , Marinkovic Dragan
Published: August 2024

The use of lightweight natural fiber functional composites in the manufacturing of ballistic protective materials has garnered significant attention in recent years. This is due to their superior mechanical properties, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability. Ballistic panels are constructed using multiple layers of diverse composites, which collectively exhibit excellent mechanical properties. These properties enable them to withstand strong impacts enhancing their capability for different applications in defense, military, and aerospace components. The primary focus of this review is to examine the different influential factors that govern the development of novel polymeric materials for current ballistic applications. It also explores various research approaches, such as experimental, analytical, numerical modeling, and empirical techniques. The review highlights both internal factors, such as material composition, and external factors, such as projectile parameters (e.g., nose angles, projectile shape, and projectile size). These factors are crucial for optimizing the robust ballistic performance of natural fiber-based polymer composites. In addition, various valuable insights to develop more effective and sustainable ballistic protective materials for applications in bulletproof helmets, defense, aerospace, and military sectors have also been elaborated. Consequently, the article presents a comprehensive review of the impact of utilizing various natural fibers as alternative materials to Kevlar for armor structures, offering a state-of-the-art perspective and challenges faced in full-scale implementation.
PERIODIC SOLUTION OF A MICRO-ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEM
Authors: He Ji-Huan
Published: August 2024

This paper examines the periodic motion of the micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS), which is governed by a singularity that makes it challenging to find an exact solution and to understand its dynamical properties. This paper applies the frequency formulation to gain insight into the frequency-amplitude relationship of the system. It is found that when the amplitude reaches a threshold value, the periodic motion becomes pull-in instability. This finding simplifies the warning system for the system’s unsafe operating conditions, and the frequency-amplitude relationship can be used for optimal design of the system with high accuracy and high reliability.
THE IMPACT OF LIMITED MOVEMENT DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE LEVEL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Vođević Vladan , Đokić Zoran , Ahmetović Zlatko , Okičić Tomislav
Published: August 2024

The aim of the study was to determine the impact of two months of relative motor inactivity caused by restriction of movement during the period of the Covid-19 pandemic on changes in the level of physical activity and morphological characteristics of the respondents. The study was conducted on a sample of 48 female students aged 20±0.6 years. Data for the selected variables for assessing the level of physical activities and morphological characteristics were collected with standardized instruments at two time points. A comparative analysis of the average values for assessing the level of physical activity reveals a significant negative impact of eight weeks of relative motor inactivity. The energy expenditure in all three types of physical activities (light, moderate and vigorous), and consequently the total expenditure, expressed in the Metabolic Equivalent Task, significantly decreased during the period of inactivity. Statistically significant differences were found only for hard work and total work during the week (p < 0.001), while there were no significant differences in light and moderate physical activities. The analysis of average values for the assessment of selected morphological variables proved that the period of inactivity caused the deterioration of morphological characteristics. Statistically significant negative changes occurred in all five monitored body dimensions of the respondents. During the experimental treatment of inactivity (ETI), body mass, the Body Mass Index, body fat percentage and waist size increased significantly (p < 0.001). At the same time, the lean component decreased significantly (p = 0.007).
THE INFLUENCE OF MUSCLE MASS ON JUMP HEIGHT THROUGHOUT BIOLOGICAL MATURATION
Authors: Živković Mladen , Stojanović Nikola , Mekić Amel , Đošić Anđela , Živković Danijela , Pantelić Saša
Published: August 2024

This study aims to investigate the influence of muscle mass on jump height based on the stage of biological maturation. The total sample consisted of 71 male athletes with three years of minimum training experience. The athletes were divided into three groups based on biological maturation: PrePHV, MidPHV, and PostPHV. Vertical jump height was assessed using three tests: the countermovement jump (CMJ), the countermovement jump with arm swing (CMJwas), and the squat jump (SJ). The results of the interaction between muscle mass percentage (MM) and peak height velocity (PHV) indicate that the effect of MM on vertical jump variables is greater in the PrePHV and MidPHV groups compared to the PostPHV group. For the PrePHV and MidPHV groups, there was a significant increase in CMJ [b=.83, t(22)=3.77, p=.001 and b=.92, t(14)=3.70, p=.002, respectively] and SJ [b=1.11, t(22)=4.45, p< .001 and b=1.06, t(14)=3.51, p=.003, respectively] when muscle mass percentage increased by one unit, while no significant increments were apparent for the PostPHV group [b=0.71, t=1.98, p=.058 and b=0.48, t(28)=1.65, p=.111, respectively]. Additionally, when muscle mass percentage increased by one unit, the CMJwas performance significantly increased in the PrePHV [b=1.48, t(22)=4.68, p<.001], MidPHV [b=1.15, t(14)=4.59, p<.001], and PostPHV [b=.97, t(28)=2.52, p=.018] groups. This study substantiates muscle mass as an important predictor of explosive power, demonstrating a more pronounced impact in the PrePHV and MidPHV relative to the PostPHV group. The study points out the importance of considering biological maturation when understanding the relationship between muscle mass and explosive power performance in young athletes.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREEN SCORES AND SPORTS PERFORMANCE IN ELITE WOMEN’S SOCCER PLAYERS
Authors: Lilić Ana , Majkić Branislav
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between functional movement screen (FMS) individual scores and sports performance variables in elite women’s soccer players. Twenty elite women’s soccer players (age: 22.01 ± 3.64) took part in the study. Players were screened using the FMS protocol with seven movement patterns: deep overhead squat (DS), hurdle step left (HS L) and right (HS R), in-line lunge left (ILL L) and right (ILL R), shoulder mobility left (SM L) and right (SM R), active straight leg raise left (ASLR L) and right (ASLR R), trunk stability push-up (TSPU) and rotary stability (RS) and three tests of vertical jumps: the squat jump, countermovement jump and countermovement jump with arms, speed on the 20m and slalom and zig zag test. The results showed negative correlations between the 10m sprint and HSL L (p < 0.001, r = 0.587), HS R (p < 0.001, r = 0.566) and ASLR R (p < 0.001, r = 0.667) and between the Slalom test and ILL R (p < 0.005, r = 0.461) and ASLR L (p < 0.005, r = 0.454). This study found little evidence of the relationship between FMS results and predictors of sports performance in elite women’s soccer players. Strength and conditioning coaches may use these indicators as an assessment of the weakness of certain movements or muscle imbalance as one of the methods for correcting certain segments of sports performance which can later help them achieve better results on the field.
JOURNALISTS ON MEDIA FREEDOM: TEXTUAL ANALYSIS OF METAJOURNALISTIC DISCOURSE IN ONLINE MEDIA IN SERBIA
Authors: Mitrović Marta , Vujović Marija
Published: August 2024

Journalists in Serbia have been in a continuously challenging position in recent decades (Freedom House, Nations in Transit 2022; Kulić, 2020; Milutinović, 2019; Milivojević et al., 2011). The expectations that the change in the country's political system at the beginning of the 21st century would bring significant improvements in media freedom have been disappointed. Over the last decade, the media freedom index has been steadily declining, placing Serbia among the countries with a "problematic situation" regarding media freedom (Statista, Press Freedom Index). This study aims to analyze the metajournalistic discourse (Carlson 2016; Vos & Singer 2016; Ferrucci, Nelson and Davis 2020) in texts published in online media and address the research questions: RQ1: How do journalists in Serbia interpret "media freedom" through the discourse published in online media texts? and RQ2: What is the tone of that metadiscourse? The analyzed texts were published in ten online media outlets in 2021 and 2022. The texts were collected using the news-generating website naslovi.net, using the keyword "media freedom." A total of 230 texts were selected in which journalists served as sources of information, either through statements or in authored texts (columns, commentaries). Through further analysis, the texts were categorized into four categories, created based on the dominant discourse prevailing in the text. The majority of the texts fell into the category of "pressures and attacks" (142), followed by "state and media" (63), "ethics and the law" (22), while three texts were related to the "market." The results indicate a predominantly negative discourse, which is in line with the axiom that gaining media freedom in challenging political systems is a daily effort.
DISTORTING REALITY IN ANCIENT INDIA: HYPERBOLE AND IMAGINATIVE TRANSREALISM
Authors: Grbić Igor
Published: August 2024

Hyperbole may be the most visible variation of immoderacy in ancient Indian literature, not infrequently developing into adynata. The West, conditioned as it is by mimetism in art, finds this feature one of the major obstacles in its reception of that literature. However, a realistic approach, not just to ancient Indian literature, but its containing culture in general, takes us only to a miscomprehension of a different way to treat reality. Distortion of characters, of plot, of the external, supposedly real, world, as well as of other coordinates of poetry remains loyal, in fact, to a higher reality, a reality that is imaginative and transreal. The article starts from various examples in the Indian epics, mostly the Mahābhārata, not just because this is the largest literary work of India, but also because it is a work claiming to be all-encompassing. In order to illustrate the far-reaching potential of the imaginative, instead of realistic, imperative in ancient India, examples are also included from non-literary texts, technical and legal, in which absence of realism becomes, by western standards, especially worrying.
CONFLICTING MUSIC AND DIALOGUE IN POPULAR TV SHOW SCENES THROUGH THE LENS OF MULTILEVEL GROUNDED SEMANTICS
Authors: Tošić Anja , Antović Mihailo
Published: August 2024

This paper aims at discussing the process of multimodal meaning construction called multilevel grounding, according to which meaning emerges hierarchically, through six recursive levels of constraint: formal, cross-modal, affective, conceptual, culturally rich, and individual. Given that this theory has found application in the cognitive science of meaning generation in music, language, and visual art, this study aims to investigate more thoroughly the nature of meaning construction when linguistic and musical data are cointegrated. To that end, we analyse 5 TV show scenes in which the dialogue and the tones heard in the background seem to be sending out contradictory signals on one/some of the six grounding levels this theory presupposes. By doing so, this study attempts to come one step closer to learning in what way language and music, even when they appear to communicate a conflicting message, still work together to create novel meaning. The results of the present study indicate that such linguo-musical mismatches occur on each of the five levels of interpretation, with the sixth level being excluded from the analysis on purpose due to its inherently subjective nature. The same phenomenon has been observed in each of the five analysed scenes, and we believe that its use was both intentional and necessary on the part of the shows’ creators to communicate the intended message in its entirety to the keenest of viewers. Namely, we argue that it is exactly these contrasts on each level of constraint that are responsible for the complex understanding of the scenes in question by introducing entirely new elements into the narrative, such as plot twists, which further leads to often humorous, but always non-composite, interpretations.
THE MEDIA AS MACHINERY OF PERSUASION
Authors: Petković Velibor
Published: August 2024

The process of informing through the media, as well as direct face-to-face communication, is inevitably also a process of persuasion and imposing opinions. This act itself is natural, but experience tells us that rational logical argumentation does not bring an advantage in the exchange of opinions under a strong emotional charge. This phenomenon is not new, as even in ancient Greece the younger sophists failed Protagoras when they replaced the search for truth with the art of persuasion that will make weak claims stronger. Thus, oratory became eristic, the art of arguing with the aim of refuting someone else’s opinion. Skilled polemicists do not look for the truth, but for arguments that support their point of view. The development of technology and media forms have perfected this process and have euphemistically renamed the lie itself as the ‘post-truth’, which is useful and thereby justified. Kant’s observation about poetry as a creative imagination, and rhetoric as an insidious skill that turns people into ‘machinery of persuasion’ is used by the modern media for the creation of informative-entertaining content to achieve commercial and ideological goals. The all-powerful media machines abolish the objective perception of events and lead modern society into a decay that many civilizations have already experienced. Deus ex machina has become an omnipresent Deus ex media that solves nothing, but turns everything into a process of endless entertainment, a spectacle in which reason is enslaved by passions.
THE PROCESS OF MULTI-SECTOR COOPERATION IN PROVIDING SUPPORT TO FAMILIES OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES IN THE CITY OF NIŠ
Authors: Vranić Bojana , Skrobić Ljiljana
Published: August 2024

The paper will present the results of research that dealt with the perception of inter-sectorial cooperation at the local level in relation to providing support for children with developmental difficulties and/or disabilities (CDD) and their families. The research considers two groups of participants: (1) the parents of CDD in the quantitative part, and (2) representatives from the relevant organizations in the qualitative part. The key findings of the research indicate differences in the perception of the success and importance of inter-sectoral cooperation for the subject meter. While the representatives of the institutions perceive inter-sectoral cooperation as successful, the parents recognize it as unfavourable. Some relevant institutions were perceived by parents as insignificant, or they rated the cooperation with some of them as very low. Even the institutions do not clearly recognize the mutual importance of this cooperation. This may indicate either a lack of cooperation, an overlap of responsibilities, or the insufficient visibility of certain institutions in the community. Normative forms of cooperation, except in one example (cooperation between preschool facilities, the Centre for social work and Center for Developmental Counseling), are almost absent.
TURNING CANADIAN – PROCESSING IMMIGRANT IDENTITIES
Authors: Ignjatović Sanja
Published: August 2024

The paper deals with the processes of integration in Canadian society as represented by three different contemporary ethnic authors – Sharon Bala (The Boat People), Tea Mutonji (Shut up You’re Pretty) and Souvankham Thammavongsa (How to Pronounce Knife), all somewhat translating their transgenerational experiences as immigrants into their works. The negotiation of identities, in their respective works, happens at the margins of the Canadian society – the integral position of the immigrant individual whose marginalized status prescribes the performatives pertaining to class, race and gender. The commodification of this status underscores the shifting nature of Canadianness – as perceived by the margins and the center. The problematics of immigrant identity, its otherness and conditions of integration are represented in a highly ironic and postmodern manner, highlighting the issue of hypocritical enforcement of liberal policies in western societies.
NAZISM, NATO AND WEST-EUROPEAN INTEGRATION – CORRELATION
Authors: Ilić Vladimir
Published: August 2024

After the Second World War, too many high-ranked Nazi-German officials were saved from deserved punishment and incorporated into post-war German society, and even into the process of West-European integration. That process was at first military, as NATO was founded before the European Coal and Steel Community. So, political issues were predominant. The reasons for such an approach were primarily connected with the ideological struggle between two main blocks, led by USA and USSR, but political and economic ties between two just ended war enemies, namely the Anglo-American leading circles and Nazis, had also been deeper than expected.
Review on Object Identification Using Mobile Camera System
Authors: Dehare Sheetal R.
Published: August 2024

Abstract: Over the past 20 years, object detection has developed into a productive research area and an extensively used task in computer vision. It aims to rapidly and simply find many different things in a given image using specified categories. Based on the training model approach, the algorithms can be separated into two groups: One is the detection single-stage algorithms. The other is the detection of two-stage algorithms. In this study, sample processes for every stage are briefly announced. Following a review and discussion of several fundamental techniques, this article introduces public and proprietary datasets that are often used in object detection. Thus, the challenges in object recognition are noted.
Rethinking Transport Systems for Equity
Authors: Shahnum Sajida
Published: August 2024

Abstract: The neutrality of transportation systems is often presumed, yet gender plays a pivotal role in shaping how individuals interact with these systems. The common assumption that transportation is "unbiased and universal" fails to acknowledge the significant differences in mobility patterns, accessibility, and usage between men and women. Women's transportation needs and experiences differ substantially from men's, influenced by social roles, economic status, and the varied purposes for which they travel. These gendered disparities necessitate a comprehensive approach to transport planning that incorporates gender considerations, ensuring that systems are designed to meet the diverse needs of all users. Globally, the increasing number of women participating in the workforce and education sectors has heightened the demand for gender-sensitive transportation solutions. As women often travel longer distances from home to work or educational institutions, the impact of transportation on their daily lives is profound. It is essential to rethink transport systems from a gender perspective, addressing how women engage with and experience these systems. “You have to call it out, you have to say it matters, you have to start taking action, and then you have to track it,” - Lilli Matson, Director of Transport Strategy, Transport for London
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR WORKERS AT LKP SAHABAT CENDEKIA SIGLI, INDONESIA
Authors: Rahmatillah Muhammad Syaukas , Edi Yuhermansyah
Published: August 2024

The Institute of Courses and Education or LKP is one form of non-formal education institution that employs educators as applicable in formal education. However, in some LKP cases, it raises problems including the absence of contractual provisions of employment agreements that cause uncertainty and protection for both parties between LKP and workers. For this reason, the focus of this research is how is the system and form of employment contract and its implementation at LKP Sahabat Cendekia Sigli, and how is the legal protection for workers at LKP Sahabat Cendekia Sigli reviewed according to the ijārah ‘alā al-’amal contract? This research is studied with a conceptua lapproach approach with the type of empirical legal research. The result of the research is that the system and form of employment contract between workers and LKP Sahabat Cendekia Sigli is in the form of an oral agreement with the provision that the manager explains the amount of salary/wages per hour and subject, as well as teaching hours or days. The LKP does not explain the expiration date of the contract. In the context of protection and legal certainty, the status of workers in the LKP and the LKP itself does not have legal certainty. On the one hand, there is uncertainty and legal protection for the LKP because workers can decide to resign/leavethe LKP. On the other hand, workers also do not get legal certainty and protection because the LKP can also terminate the employment contract at any time. For this reason, seen from the ijārah ‘ala al-’amal contract, the implementation of the employment contract at the Sahabat Cendekia Sigli LKP is not in accordance with the principles of sharia contracts. The ijārah alā al-'amal contract requires the certainty of a written agreement contract and the actions of the two parties are bound by and limited by the agreed agreement letter. This is what is missing in the work agreement at LKP Sahabat Cendekia Sigli.
Wacana Gender Dalam Perjanjian Pernikahan Rifā'ah Rāfi’ Al-Ṭahṭāwī
Authors: Hafidin Rangga
Published: August 2024

A marriage agreement aimed at honoring a wife was created by Rifā'ah Al-Ṭahṭāwī, addressed to his wife Karima binti Muhammad al-Fargali in the year 1839 AD. This research aims to analyze how women are portrayed in Rifā'ah al-Ṭahṭāwī's marriage agreement. The research method involves close reading using the feminist stylistics theory by Sara Mills to analyze discourse. This feminist stylistics analysis operates on three levels: word level, phrase/sentence level, and discourse level. The results of this research indicate that at the word level, Al-Ṭahṭāwī uses deviations from neutral vocabulary to derogatory terms for women. At the phrase/sentence level, the study indicates that the sentence constructions made by Al-Ṭahṭāwī contribute to marginalizing the role of women in the presence of men. Then, at the discourse level, Al-Ṭahṭāwī constructs the text to involve women in accepting the consequences of the agreement.
قام رفاعة الطهطاوي بكتابة اتفاقية زواج تهدف إلى تكريم الزوجة، موجّهة إلى زوجته كريمة بنت محمد الفرجلي في عام 1839 ميلادي. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل كيفية تصوير النساء في اتفاقية الزواج التي كتبها رفاعة الطهطاوي. تتضمن منهجية البحث القراءة المتعمقة باستخدام نظرية الأسلوب النسوي لسارة ميلز لتحليل الخطاب. يعمل هذا التحليل النسوي للأسلوب على ثلاثة مستويات: مستوى الكلمة، مستوى العبارة/الجملة، ومستوى الخطاب. تشير نتائج هذا البحث إلى أن الطهطاوي يستخدم في مستوى الكلمة انحرافات عن المفردات المحايدة إلى مصطلحات تحط من قدر النساء. وفي مستوى العبارة/الجملة، تشير الدراسة إلى أن تراكيب الجمل التي أنشأها الطهطاوي تساهم في تهميش دور النساء بحضور الرجال. أما في مستوى الخطاب، يقوم الطهطاوي ببناء النص بحيث يتضمن قبول النساء لتبعات الاتفاقية.

Perjanjian pernikahan yang bertujuan untuk menghormati seorang istri dibuat oleh Rifā'ah Al-Ṭahṭāwī yang ditujukan kepada istrinya Karima binti Muhammad al-Fargali pada tahun 1839 M. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana perempuan ditampilkan dalam perjanjian pernikahan Rifā'ah al-Ṭahṭāwī tersebut. Metode penelitian ini melibatkan pembacaan tekstual mendalam dengan menggunakan teori analisis gaya bahasa feminis (feminist stylistics) Sara Mills untuk menganalisis sebuah wacana. Analisis gaya bahasa feminis ini melalui tiga level analisis yaitu, level kata, frasa/kalimat dan wacana. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada level kata Al-Ṭahṭāwī menggunakan penyimpangan kosa kata netral menjadi kosa kata yang merendahkan perempuan. Pada level frasa/kalimat, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konstruksi kalimat yang dibuat oleh Al-Ṭahṭāwī turut menyudutkan peran perempuan di hadapan laki-laki. Kemudian pada level wacana, Al-Ṭahṭāwī mengonstruksi teks agar melibatkan perempuan dalam menerima konsekuensi dari pembuatan perjanjian tersebut.
Digital Marketing as an Investment in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) of Fruit Plant Nurseries
Authors:   STIS Darusy Syafaah Lampung Tengah, Kurnia Aang
Published: August 2024

Digital marketing through social media can be an effective marketing strategy, because it can reachconsumers widely. Digital marketing is also a form of investment to increase sales results and increase the value of business assets. This study aims to determine the type of digital marketing used in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) Naura Flower fruit plant nursery as a form of investment that can make these MSME more advanced and developed. Data collection techniques in this study used triangulation by combining observation, interview and documentation techniques. This research was conducted at the Naura Flower fruit plant nursery Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME). Based on the results of the study that Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) of Naura Flower fruit plant nursery have used Social Media Marketing (SMM) through social media WhatsApp and Facebook as a form of digital marketing investment. Naura Flower only uses one type of digital marketing, namely Social Media Marketing (SMM). Naura Flower also states that digital marketing is one part of a long-term investment for the progress and sustainability of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) in increasing sales results and increasing the value of business assets. This research is expected to provide insight for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) to be able to utilize and use digital marketing as a strategy.
Religious Resilience of Tulungagung Community Through Busyro Salawat at Majelis Assyifa
Authors: Setiawan Aria Nur , Ubaidillah Ubaidillah , Marpuah Siti
Published: August 2024

The increasing social unrest, value uncertainty, and spirituality challenges in today's modern era, encourage the need to understand the practice of sholawat as a living hadith heritage that can provide spiritual direction in the midst of the challenges of the times. The aim of the research was to analyze the religious resilience of Tulungagung community through busyro salawat at Majelis Assyifa. The particular research used a qualitative approach, which produces descriptive data through verbal and written notes, and involves observing the behavior of people who are the object of research. Then, the data was analyzed using Max Weber's social action approach theory. The results showed that the practice of salawat busyro in Majelis Assyifa Tulungagung in understanding through the lens of living hadith, not only provides spiritual wisdom, but also provides a relevant and adaptive value framework that can significantly bring a sense of calmness, wisdom in overcoming complex social, and spiritual issues of the times.