bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating the effect of non-resonant background variation on the CARS data analysis of bacteria samples and classification using machine learning
Authors: Junjuri Rajendhar , Meyer-Zedler Tobias , Popp Jürgen , Bocklitz Thomas
Published: October 2024

Non-resonant background (NRB) plays a significant role in coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectroscopic applications. All the recent works primarily focused on removing the NRB using different deep learning methods, and only one study explored the effect of NRB. Hence, in this work, we systematically investigated the impact of NRB variation on Raman signal retrieval. The NRB is simulated as a linear function with different strengths relative to the resonant Raman signal, and the variance also changes for each NRB strength. The resonant part of nonlinear susceptibility is extracted from real experimental Raman data; hence, the simulated CARS data better approximate the experimental CARS spectra. Then, the corresponding Raman signal is retrieved by four different methods: maximum entropy method (MEM), Kramers-Kronig (KK), convolutional neural network (CNN), and long short-term memory (LSTM) network. Pearson correlation measurements and principal component analysis combined with linear discriminant analysis modeling revealed that MEM and KK methods have an edge over LSTM and CNN for higher NRB strengths. It is also demonstrated that normalizing the input data favors LSTM and CNN predictions. In contrast, background removal from the predictions significantly influenced Pearson correlation but not the classification accuracies for MEM and KK. Further, the LSTM performance is found to be limited and can only be applied for low NRB strengths. This comprehensive study has the potential to impact the CARS spectroscopy and microscopy applications in different areas.
Vortex light field microscopy: 3D spectral single-molecule imaging with a twist
Authors: Zhang Boya , Daly Sam , Zhu Chengxi , Lenz Martin O. , Weiss Lucien E. , Needham Lisa-Maria , Peters Ruby , Lee Steven F. , O’Holleran Kevin
Published: October 2024

3D single-molecule imaging reveals nanoscale structures in cell volumes but is limited by the need for spectrally distinct fluorophores. We address this limitation with vortex light field microscopy (VLFM), a 3D spectral single-molecule localization technique with 25 nm spatial and 3 nm spectral precision over a 4 µm depth of field. By modifying our previous single-molecule light field microscope with an azimuthally oriented prism array, we generated spectral disparity orthogonal to axial disparity, enabling simultaneous spatial and spectral localization on a single detector. We demonstrate VLFM with four-color 3D single-particle tracking and two-color 3D dSTORM imaging in fixed cells, successfully identifying dyes with spectral peaks just 15 nm apart. This shows VLFM’s potential for enhancing spatial biology workflows requiring highly multiplexed imaging.
Anisotropic quantum transport in a programmable photonic topological insulator
Authors: Ma Anqi , Dai Tianxiang , Mao Jun , Fu Zhaorong , Yang Yan , Hu Xiaoyong , Gong Qihuang , Wang Jianwei
Published: October 2024

Quantum transport in materials describes the behavior of particles at
the quantum level. Topological materials exhibit nontrivial transport
properties with topological invariants, leading to the emergence of
protected states that are immune against disorders at the material
boundaries. In many real-world materials, especially those with
anisotropic crystal structures, the transport properties can vary
significantly along different directions within the material bulk.
Here, we experimentally observe counterintuitive quantum transport
phenomena in anisotropic topological insulators with controllable
anisotropy and disorder, implemented on a programmable topological
photonic chip. We examine phase transition from the topological phase
to the Anderson phase, between which a new quasi-diffusive phase
emerges. Anisotropic topological transport demonstrates unconventional
superior robustness in the bulk mode compared to the edge mode, in the
presence of disorder and loss in realistic systems. Peculiar
topological transport with sophisticated gradient anisotropy,
emulating stretched topological materials, occurs at the gradient
domain wall that can be reconfigured. Our findings provide fresh
insights into the intricate interplay between anisotropy within the
bulk and robustness at the boundary of topological materials, which
could lead to advancements in the field of topological material
science and the development of topological devices with tailored
functionalities.
Infrared spectroscopic characterization of sesamin, a dietary lignan natural product
Authors: Jackson Sara W. , Jang Moon-Hyung , Asani Eliza , Yates C. Ryan , Ng Joseph , Baudry Jerome
Published: October 2024

Sesamin, a lignan component of sesame seed oil, has shown pharmacologic benefits, such as anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory qualities. However, the amount of data available to the field is surprisingly sparse, as for instance there is no known spectroscopic characterization of sesamin. This work provides the first experimental infrared spectrum of sesamin. Sesamin powder was subjected to experimental Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and the resulting spectrum was compared to quantum chemical calculations of sesamin’s stereoisomers in various hydration states. Major peaks of sesamin were assigned vibrational modes through comparison of computed and observed spectra. Multiple sesamin species may be present in a typical powder sample, coexisting with potential trace hydration.
Malaria and dengue fever in febrile children entering healthcare facilities in Mwanza, Tanzania
Authors: Kayange Neema M. , Malande Oliver Ombeva , Koliopoulos Philip , Gehring Stephan , Groendahl Britta , Wajanga Bahati , Msaki Bahati , Revocatus Baraka , Mshana Stephen E.
Published: October 2024

Plasmodium spp. infections and cases of malaria are a long-standing public health problem for children living in middle- and low-income countries. Dengue virus causes an emerging under-recognized disease burden. A cross sectional study was conducted between March 2020 and December 2021 to determine the status of malaria and dengue fever, and the associated factors in children living in Mwanza, Tanzania. Clinical features were recorded; blood samples were analyzed using dengue NS1 rapid diagnostics test (NS1-RDT), malaria rapid diagnostic test (MRDT) and PCR and microscopy for malaria parasites. Descriptive analysis was based on infection status; odds ratio and confidence interval were used to determine the factors associated with dengue fever and malaria. The prevalence of malaria in the 436 children included in the final analysis was 15.6%, 8.5%, and 12.1% as determined by MRDT, blood smear examination and PCR, respectively. The prevalence of dengue fever determined by the NS1-RDT was 7.8%. Body rash, muscle and joint/bone pain were associated with a positive rapid dengue test result. Retro-orbital pain characterized Plasmodium spp. and dengue virus co-infections. Clinical signs and symptoms could not readily differentiate between malaria and dengue fever patients or patients co-infected with both causative agents underscoring the urgent need for the accurate laboratory diagnostics. Additional large-scale studies are required to assess the epidemiological burden of acute febrile illness in developing countries and to produce data that will guide empirical treatment.
Technique and early results of endovenous laser ablation in morphologically complex varicose vein recurrence after small saphenous vein surgery
Authors: Müller Lars , Debus Eike Sebastian , Karsai Syrus , Alm Jens
Published: October 2024

Background

Recurrences after varicose vein treatment occur frequently and represent a significant health and economic problem. In contrast to primary treatments of superficial truncal venous insufficiency, their management is often more difficult. Here we assessed the technical feasibility and early results of endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) for recurrences with stumps or subfascial meandering varices after small saphenous vein (SSV) surgery.

Methods

This single-center retrospective study included 45 consecutive EVLA procedures from July 2019 to December 2021 in 40 patients (19 male, 21 female, mean age 62.8 ± 12.7 years). Patients had clinically relevant recurrent varicose veins after SSV surgery, with clinical, etiologic, anatomic and pathophysiologic (CEAP) classification stage of C2S or higher. We categorized the recurrences morphologically according to duplex sonographic criteria. Ablations were done with a 1470 nanometers laser and dual ring radial fibers and aimed at thermal closure as proximal as possible to the upper inflow. Analyses were performed by descriptive statistics and the Kaplan-Meier method. The primary outcome analyzed was the technical success, defined by thermal occlusion not requiring re-intervention during the observation period. The secondary outcome was the occurrence of postoperative complications.

Results

A complex morphology with residual stumps or tortuous venous connections to the popliteal vein was present in 35 cases (77.8%). Immediate technical success at the first postoperative visit after a median of 11 days (interquartile range 8–13 days) was 97.8%. During the follow-up period (median 77 days, interquartile range 13–256 days), 6 limbs (13.3%) required redo EVLA due to symptomatic persistent or newly presenting reflux. The median freedom from re-recurrence was 791 days. Otherwise, no medical or surgical complications requiring specific treatment were observed, particularly no endothermal heat-induced thrombosis (EHIT) or other thrombotic complications, and no nerve damage.

Conclusion

According to our pilot data, EVLA is technically feasible for complex popliteal variceal recurrence, although the success rate appears substantially lower than for primary treatment of truncal venous insufficiency.
Does reducing smartphone use impact physical activity?
Authors: Le Steunf Annaëlle , Page Ewen , Guillodo Yannick , Saraux Alain
Published: October 2024

Introduction

A sedentary lifestyle and low levels of physical activity among the population are major public health challenges due to numerous associated health risks. These behaviors are influenced by a number of environmental and cultural factors, such as screen addiction.

Objective

To study the impact of reducing smartphone use by one hour per day for one week on physical activity.

Method

We conducted a descriptive epidemiological study that included 490 individuals. Participants were recruited by means of a media campaign called “Let’s put down our smartphones challenge”, which was conducted in Brest, France. The questionnaires were widely publicized, and candidates from all over France were able to participate. Data reflecting physical activity were collected before and after the challenge, one week apart, through an online questionnaire.

Results

Among the 490 participants, 126 (25.7%) succeeded in the challenge and reduced the time spent on their smartphones by more than 60 minutes. Among those 126 participants, 112 individuals (89%) increased their physical activity. On average, participants who succeeded in the challenge reduced their smartphone use by 110.57 minutes (±53.66) (p< 0.001) and increased their number of steps by 841 (±14710) (p = 0.02). The proportion of patient reaching an increase of both 500 and 100 daily steps was statistically significant in the group reaching a reduction of smartphone use of 60 minutes versus the remainder (p = 0.016 and 0.018, respectively), but not for a cut off at 1000.

Conclusion

A reduction in the time spent using smartphones results in an increase in the average number of daily steps. Limiting the leisure time spent on screens is a potential strategy for addressing physical inactivity and a sedentary lifestyle.
Dynamic BMP gene expression regulation in chick RPE during recovery from short term optical defocus and form-deprivation
Authors: Zhang Yan , Zhu Qiurong , Song Wulian , Chuang Grace May , Sun Daniel , Cheung Kiana , Chou Andreana , He Andrea , Shoghi Elham , Wildsoet Christine F.
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This study investigated the differential gene expression of BMPs in chick retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) during recovery from short term exposure to optical defocus and form-deprivation (FD) treatments.

Methods

14-day old White-Leghorn chicks wore either monocular +10 or -10 D lenses, or diffusers for 2 or 48 h, after which eyes were allowed unobstructed vision for up to 96 h. Over this recovery period, refractive errors and choroidal thickness (ChT) were tracked using retinoscopy and high-frequency A-scan ultrasonography. Real-time PCR was used to examine the expression of BMP2, 4, and 7 genes in RPE samples collected 0, 15 min, 2, 24, 48, and 96 h after the termination of treatments. Expression levels in treated eyes and their contralateral control eyes were compared.

Results

After the termination of the lens and diffuser treatments, eyes gradually recovered from induced shifts in refractive error. With all three treatments, ChT changes reached statistical significance after 48 h of treatment, be it thinning with the -10 D lens and diffuser treatments (-0.06 ± 0.03mm, p < 0.05; -0.11 ± 0.04 mm, p < 0.05, resp.), or thickening with the +10 D lens (0.31 ± 0.04 mm, p < 0.001). BMP2 gene expression was rapidly upregulated in eyes wearing the +10 D lens, being statistical significance after 2 h, as well as 48 h of treatment. With the 2 h treatment, the latter gene expression pattern persisted for 15 min into the recovery period, before decreasing to the same level as that of contralateral control eyes, with a short-lived rebound, i.e., upregulation, 24 h into the recovery period. With the longer, 48 h treatment, BMP2 gene expression decreased more gradually, from 739 ± 121% at the end of the treatment period, to 72 ± 14% after 48 h of recovery. Two and 48 h of both -10 D and FD treatments resulted in BMP2 gene expression downregulation, with the time taken for gene expression levels to fully recover varying with the duration of initial treatments. In both cases, BMP2 gene expression downregulation persisted for 15 min into the recovery period, but reversed to upregulation by 2 h. Similar gene expression patterns were also observed for BMP4, although the changes were smaller.

Conclusions

The observed changes in BMP gene expression in chick RPE imply dynamic, albeit complex regulation, with the duration of exposure and recovery being critical variables for all three types of visual manipulations. This study provides further evidence for a role of the RPE as an important signal relay linking the retina to the choroid and sclera in eye growth regulation.
Signal processing for enhancing railway communication by integrating deep learning and adaptive equalization techniques
Authors: Wang Yucai , Chang Wei , Li Jingjiao , Yang Cuilei
Published: October 2024

With the increasing amount of data in railway communication system, the conventional wireless high-frequency communication technology cannot meet the requirements of modern communication and needs to be improved. In order to meet the requirements of high-speed signal processing, a high-speed communication signal processing method based on visible light is developed and studied. This method combines the adaptive equalization algorithm with deep learning and is applied to railway communication signal processing. In this research, the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) techniques are used, and fuzzy C equalization algorithm is used to softly divide the received signals, reduce signal distortion and interference suppression. The experimental results showed that increasing the step size could reduce the equalization effect, while increasing the modulation parameter will increase the bit error rate. Through deep learning to achieve channel equalization, visible light communication could effectively mitigate multi-path transmission and reflection interference, thereby reducing the bit error rate to the level of 0.0001. Under various signal-to-noise ratios, the system using the channel compensation method achieved the lowest bit error rate. This outcome was achieved by implementing hybrid modulation scheme, including Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and direct current-biased optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DCO-OFDM) techniques. It has been proved that this method can effectively reduce the channel distortion when the receiver is moving. This study develops a dependable communication system, which enhances signal recovery, reduces interference, and improves the quality and transmission efficiency of railway communication. The system has practical application value in the field of railway communication signal processing.
‘The Illuminati want my mind, soul and my body’: Three 6 Mafia, Bone Thugs-N-Harmony and occult knowledge in hip hop
Authors: Horton Dana
Published: October 2024

This article discusses the concept of occult knowledge in rap music, which I define as using supernatural, fantastical and spiritual methods associated with the occult to access hidden information that heightens one’s knowledge of self. In hip hop, the fifth element (knowledge) is usually associated with social justice, liberation, education and self-awareness, and this article asks us to consider how rappers’ usage of occult knowledge challenges familiar conceptions of this element. Through an examination of Three 6 Mafia and Bone Thugs-N-Harmony’s music, I argue that occult knowledge is crucial to understanding the fifth element for four reasons. First, rappers are utilizing occult methods, such as seances, tarot readings and pacts with the devil, to increase their knowledge of self, and the hidden knowledge they access through these methods increases their self-awareness, which makes it easier for them to achieve their goals. Second, I broaden the connections amongst hip hop, religion and spirituality to include the occult, as hip hop and the occult is an understudied area in academia. Third, I argue that by utilizing a social justice, activist framework to understand knowledge, scholars are ignoring constructions of self-knowledge, such as occult knowledge, that do not fit into the ‘conscious’ rap category. As Afrika Bambaataa admits, knowledge through liberation and social justice was not hip hop’s initial purpose. Finally, I disrupt the hip hop academic canon by studying rappers who do not receive scholarly attention, as conversations about American rap tends to centre around Kanye West, Tupac, Kendrick Lamar and Jay-Z, who are ‘safe’ rappers that fit into familiar academic paradigms and methodologies. By examining occult knowledge in rap music, it opens up possibilities for what form the ‘spiritual consciousness’ aspect of the fifth element takes on.
Urban knowledge regime: Considerations about practices, cartographies and knowledge forged by São Paulo’s graffiti writers
Authors: Leal Gabriela
Published: October 2024

Graffiti writers not only acquire skills and techniques for painting but also engage in a reading activity that allows them to perceive and understand the city in specific ways. Through this activity, they observe the rhythms of urban spaces, identify police presence, choose surfaces, recognize peers and interpret the messages conveyed on walls. Based on these observations, they create maps that dissent from conventional cartographies, incorporating epistemological, ethical, political and emotional layers. These maps serve as guides, recording memories, sharing stories and fostering relationships. Additionally, these maps indicate the existence of particular knowledge about urban spaces, derived from experiences in street painting and shared through narratives. In essence, the cartographies produced by graffiti writers challenge the dominant knowledge regime that seeks to define and impose specific ways of thinking, imagining and existing within cities. This article explores various dimensions of the knowledge regime shaped by writers from São Paulo, Brazil, drawing on ethnographic research conducted by the author since 2016 and 2021.
Sustainability and transnational governance as a subsidy for disseninating new power matrices
Authors: Cruz Paulo Marcio , Antunes de Souza Maria Cláudia da Silva
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to investigate sustainability as a new paradigm inducing law in post-modernity, in the social, economic and environmental dimensions, while contributing to the re-signification of the energy matrix by presenting viable alternatives for the diversification of new ecological energies. The academic and social relevance of the this research lies in the fact that the progress of energy efficiency, already slow, faces significant setbacks, such as the decrease in global improvements in energy efficiency since 2015, which directly affect the global goals for the climate and sustainability. Thus, the research problem is drawn: Therefore, the research problem is drawn: Will sustainability as a new legal paradigm have better conditions to promote socio-environmentalism, inclusion and social justice and better quality of life? As for the methodology, both in the investigation phase and in the phase of reporting the results, the method to be used will be the inductive one.
Cambios en los usos del suelo en Argentina en los últimos 30 años: ¿Puede la ley de presupuestos mínimos de bosques nativos protegerlos?
Authors: Bula Alfredo Oscar , La Bruna Romina , Alsina María Verónica , Dearma Santiago
Published: October 2024

En los últimos 30 años en Argentina, el uso del suelo ha ido cambiando de manera que se va destinando cada vez más espacio a usos residenciales, industriales y agropecuarios en detrimento de las áreas silvestres. Los datos evidencian un incremento promedio del 77% de la superficie urbanizada en las grandes ciudades, mientras que la superficie destinada a la agricultura se incrementó un 52% durante este período. Esto se asocia directa e indirectamente, con las causas de la deforestación. En el año 2007 se dio el pico más alto de deforestación de bosques nativos en Argentina, pero al mismo tiempo, se sancionó la ley N°26.331 de presupuestos mínimos de protección ambiental de éstos ecosistemas con el objetivo de conservar lo que quedaba de los mismos. La ley creó fundamentalmente dos herramientas de gestión ambiental para cumplir con dicho fin: el Ordenamiento Territorial de Bosques Nativos (OTBN) y un Fondo Nacional para el Enriquecimiento y la Conservación de los Bosques Nativos (FNENCBN), este último sujeto tanto al presupuesto público como a la recaudación del Estado. Luego de 15 años de sancionada la ley se observa que, si bien las tasas de deforestación han disminuido, no han cesado y la dinámica de la asignación del suelo y su valoración continúa con la tendencia que traía antes de su sanción. En esta investigación se han analizado: la dinámica de los cambios en los usos del suelo utilizando un modelo teórico presentado por Tietenberg y Lewis basado en la teoría de la renta y contrastando los datos oficiales y relevados científicamente; y el derecho aplicable a los bosques nativos para identificar si las herramientas establecidas en la ley vigente han sido y pueden ser eficaces. De juntar el análisis cuantitativo de los datos existentes con los fundamentos de las herramientas creadas por la ley, se concluye que éstas no han resuelto ni podrán resolver el problema de la deforestación ya que para ello se necesita una mirada sistémica, integral e interdisciplinaria que tenga en cuenta tanto los usos alternativos que se le da al suelo, como cómo se los valora. En consecuencia, Argentina continúa estando entre los países que más han deforestado sus bosques nativos desde fines del siglo pasado, a pesar de contar, desde hace más de 15 años, con legislación específica que pretende valorarlos y protegerlos.
La Acumulación de Capital Impulsada desde el Consumo y la Obsolescencia Programada, Análisis desde la Perspectiva del Desarrollo Sustentable
Authors: González Lankenau Carmen Leticia , Ortega Rubí María Estela
Published: October 2024

Mediante la localización de referencias bibliográficas con enfoque cualitativo, este artículo tiene como objetivo explicar la dinámica de acumulación de capital y el desarrollo de estrategias para el crecimiento económico manipulando el ciclo de vida de los productos y anticipando su obsolescencia para obtener como resultado el aumento de producción y consumo. A consecuencia de esta obsolescencia programada se adquieren y desechan constantemente productos acabando con los recursos no renovables de forma insostenible para el medio ambiente. Es evidente la vasta cantidad de capital y recursos utilizados para producción y consumo bloqueando la intención de reparar o buscar nuevas alternativas de uso, con esto se han generado residuos que dañan la relación del ser humano con el medio ambiente. Para sanar esta relación, se han creado diferentes programas globales como los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sustentable que promueven acciones para mejor la calidad de vida, la moderación del consumo y la producción, buscando obtener el balance en la interacción entre el ser humano y el medio ambiente. Se encontró que este modelo de activación de la economía fue exitoso hace casi más de 100 años, sin embargo, el impacto al medio ambiente se ha incrementado a un punto crítico en los últimos 20 años.
Nevelőcsaládokban élő gyermekek extrakurrikuláris tevékenységeinek szisztematikus összehasonlítása
Authors: Miklódi-Simon Zsófia , Szűcs Tímea
Published: October 2024

Kutatásunkban nevelőcsaládokban élő gyermekek extrakurrikuláris tevékenységeinek szisztematikus összehasonlítására került sor. Az értekezésben felhívjuk a figyelmet a nevelőcsaládokban élő gyermekek speciális igényeire az iskolai környezetben és az ezekre való megfelelő reakció fontosságára. A kutatási módszertan bemutatásakor ismertetjük a PRISMA irányelvek alkalmazását, valamint a hazai és nemzetközi szakirodalom elemzéséhez alkalmazott kritériumokat és keresési stratégiát. Ezt követően ismertetjük a kiválasztási folyamatot, amely során kizártunk olyan tanulmányokat, amelyek nem feleltek meg a kutatási kritériumoknak. A külföldi nehézségek bemutatásában kitérünk a nevelőcsaládokba kerülő gyermekek speciális helyzetére és a tanulmányi sikerességüket befolyásoló tényezőkre. Végül a tanórán kívüli tevékenységek külföldi példáira koncentrálva kiemeljük az extrakurrikuláris tevékenységek pozitív hatásait az érzelmi, szociális és tanulmányi fejlődés szempontjából. Az elemzés összegzi a kulcsfontosságú eredményeket és megállapításokat a nevelőszülőknél élő gyermekekkel kapcsolatos kutatások terén, és különösen hangsúlyozza az oktatás és a társadalmi beilleszkedés terén felmerülő kihívásokat és lehetőségeket.
Covariação entre os verbos botar e colocar nas capitais do Brasil
Authors: Lavor Cassio Murilio Alves de , Viana Rakel Beserra de Macedo , Araújo Aluiza Alves de
Published: October 2024

Este artigo discute o uso dos verbos concorrentes botar e colocar no Português brasileiro em dados das capitais das cinco regiões do Brasil (Centro-Oeste, Nordeste, Norte, Sudeste e Sul) extraídos dos registros de fala do Questionário Fonético-Fonológico (QFF), Questionário Semântico-Lexical (QSL) e o Questionário Morfossintático (QMS) do Atlas Linguístico do Brasil – ALiB, totalizando 200 informantes. Para essa empreitada, objetivamos verificar quais fatores sociais como sexo, faixa etária, escolaridade e localidade, favorecem o uso do verbo botar, tido como de menor prestígio social, na amostra analisada e se a concorrência entre os verbos botar e colocar representa um caso de variação estável ou um caso de mudança em progresso. Nosso modelo metodológico parte da coleta, codificação e discussão dos resultados, desenvolvido a partir dos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Sociolinguística Variacionista (Labov, 2008; Weinreich; Labov; Herzog, 2006 [1968]), usando, para coleta das ocorrências, a ferramenta tecnológica definida como linguagem R (R CORE TEAM, 2021). Os resultados estatísticos permitiram inferir que 48,5% dos entrevistados usam o verbo botar (1.473 dados) e 51,5% o verbo colocar (1.567 dados). Além disso, foi possível inferir que a variável sexo não apresenta correlação com a variação entre os verbos estudados, se contrapondo às variáveis faixa etária, escolaridade, região e localidade, que estão correlacionadas à variação entre os verbos estudados.
Entrevista com Marise de Castro Cabrera, Carlos Alberto G. Cabrera
Authors: D'Aurea Furquim Bruno , Alexandre Câmara Carlos , Villela Henrique , Furquim Laurindo
Published: October 2024

﻿Com o passar dos anos, a Ortodontia tem sido abençoada com mentes que não apenas desafiam o convencional, mas que remodelam os paradigmas, para refletir uma compreensão mais profunda e compassiva da humanidade por trás do sorriso. Há treze anos, tive a distinta honra de prefaciar uma obra seminal, dos autores aqui entrevistados: o livro 'Orthológica'. Essa obra iluminou o caminho para inúmeros profissionais e estudantes, trazendo clareza e direção a uma disciplina que, por vezes, parecia labiríntica.
Técnicas 2x4 e 2x2 na correção da mordida cruzada anterior dentária
Authors: Wilson Machado Andre , Santa Luzia de Moura Swany
Published: October 2024

﻿INTRODUÇÃO: A mordida cruzada anterior (MCA) dentária é uma má oclusão caracterizada pela alteração no relacionamento dos dentes anteriores, e o tratamento precoce desse problema é de fundamental importância. OBJETIVO: Apresentar o relato de dois casos clínicos com MCA dentária, na fase da dentição mista, tratados come aparelho fixo, usando as técnicas 2 x 4 e 2 x 2. CONCLUSÃO: Os casos apresentados demonstram que o uso das técnicas 2 x 4 e 2 x 2 é uma alternativa versátil e altamente eficiente, indicada para a correção das MCAs dentárias, em especial para pacientes...
A ausência unilateral ou bilateral dos primeiros pré-molares influencia a percepção da estética do sorriso?
Authors: Pires Marcelino Karolina , Bozzini Paies Marina , Salgado Gonzaga Ariane , Emílio de Araújo Marcela , Wilson Machado Andre , Godeiro Fernandes Rabelo Caldas Sergei
Published: October 2024

﻿INTRODUÇÃO: Vários autores investigaram a possível influência de diferentes variáveis na estética do sorriso, como: diastemas medianos, assimetrias dentais e/ou gengivais, quantidade de exposição gengival em um sorriso, degrau incisal entre incisivos centrais e laterais, e tipos de corredores bucais. Porém, a possível influência da ausência unilateral ou bilateral dos primeiros pré-molares superiores ainda não foi avaliada. A resposta a essa pergunta é importante porque a extração desses dentes é uma opção terapêutica na Ortodontia, especialmente em casos de...
The Influence of Transformational Leadership Style and Teacher Performance Through Organizational Commitment As A Mediation Variable
Authors: Soelistya Djoko , Santoso Rahmat Agus , Wulandari Wulandari , Selamet Selamet
Published: October 2024

A good education is obtained from the quality of good teachers. And the success of education is largely determined by the performance of teachers, both teacher performance in learning planning, teacher performance in the implementation of learning, teacher performance in learning evaluation, teacher performance in the task discipline, as well as the activeness of teachers in teaching in the classroom. Research methods using data collection techniques used in this study is a questionnaire or questionnaire method. The population in the study were teachers , which amounted to 75 people. The results of this study have 7 conclusions. First, transformational leadership directly affects teacher performance. Second, Transformational Leadership directly affects organizational commitment. Third, competence directly affects organizational commitment. Fourth, competence has no direct effect on Teacher Performance. Fifth, organizational commitment has no direct effect on Teacher Performance. Sixth, Transformational Leadership directly affects the performance of teachers without going through organizational commitment as mediation. Seventh, compensation directly affects the performance of teachers through organizational commitment as mediation
Reklama lekarzy po zmianach Kodeksu etyki lekarskiej z 2024 roku z perspektywy prawa Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Piesiewicz Piotr F. , Płowiec Witold
Published: October 2024

Celem badawczym niniejszego artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie, czy obowiązujące regulacje krajowe są zgodne z wymogami prawa unijnego. Autorzy stawiają hipotezę, że obowiązujące od 1 stycznia 2025 r. regulacje wprowadzone uchwałą nr 5 Nadzwyczajnego XVI Krajowego Zjazdu Lekarzy z 18 maja 2024 r. są niezgodne z wymogami prawa unijnego. Przeprowadzona analiza doprowadziła do wniosku, że nadal obowiązuje zakaz reklamy lekarzy, co jest niezgodne z dyrektywą 2000/31/WE oraz art. 56 Traktatu o funkcjonowaniu Unii Europejskiej. Z tego względu obowiązujące w Polsce regulacje zawarte w ustawie o działalności leczniczej i Kodeksie etyki lekarskiej powinny zostać zmienione. Należałoby wprowadzić możliwość korzystania z informacji handlowych przez lekarzy z jednoczesnym określeniem ich formy, zakresu i treści. Wprowadzane ograniczenia powinny być ukierunkowane na zapewnienie zgodności z zasadami wykonywania zawodu lekarza, dotyczącymi w szczególności niezależności, godności i prestiżu zawodu, tajemnicy zawodowej i rzetelności wobec pacjentów i innych przedstawicieli zawodu. Ponadto wprowadzane zmiany muszą być proporcjonalne, uzasadnione nadrzędnym interesem publicznym i niedyskryminacyjne. Z tymi wymogami koresponduje konieczność zachowania reguł proceduralnych. Procedura wdrożenia prawa unijnego wymaga bowiem przeprowadzenia obiektywnej i niezależnej oceny nowych przepisów oraz konsultacji, tak aby zapewnić ich zgodność z zasadami proporcjonalności, uzasadnionego i niedyskryminującego charakteru.
Report on the Swiss-Colombian workshop 2024: “Metagenomics data analysis of mixed microbial communities.”
Authors: Falquet Laurent , Yepes-Garcia Jeferyd , Mateus Gonzalez Iván , Barreto Hernandez Emiliano
Published: October 2024

This is a report (no abstract needed).
On the thermal performance of a three-dimensional cross-ternary hybrid nanofluid over a wedge using a Bayesian regularization neural network approach
Authors: Shah Syed Zahir Hussain , Khan Shabeer , Saadeh Rania , Wahab Hafiz Abdul , Madhukesh Javali Kotresh , Khan Umair , Ishak Anuar , Hussain Syed Modassir
Published: October 2024

Significance

Studying the flow of ternary nanofluids [Ag, Cu, MoS2] holds significant importance in both science and engineering. Ternary nanofluids are vital in advancing thermal management systems, heat exchangers, aerospace, and materials processing applications.

Purpose

This study investigates the ternary hybrid Carreau nanofluid numerically for thermal proficiency in the inclined magnetized environment. In this study, three distinct nanoparticles of [Ag, Cu, MoS2] and base fluid water over the wedge are used. The velocity of nanofluids is judged under the influence of an inclined magnetic field, and the thermal performance is scrutinized by incorporating the thermal radiation effect.

Methodology

The physical problem generates partial differential equations, which are transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) through similarity variables. These ODEs are linearized into a system of ODEs and then passed under the bvp4c Matlab program to get the solution. This solution is again trained by an artificial neural network, and further results are obtained with both schemes and compared.

Findings

The most rapid heat transport analysis is found for ternary hybrid nanofluids compared to bi-hybrid nanofluids. The thermal radiation parameters and the magnetic environment augment the rate of heat transport.
A closed-form solution of BER for a convolutional coded non-Hermitian OFDM FSO system with polarization diversity
Authors: Quaium Adnan , Barua Bobby , Islam M. Shariful , Morshed Monjur
Published: October 2024

In this article, we investigate the performance of convolutional coding against the fading associated due to atmospheric turbulence as well as the polarization-induced crosstalk in free-space optical (FSO) communication system. The performance of FSO system strongly depends on atmospheric turbulence. Orthogonal frequency division modulation (OFDM) is one kind of solution for frequency selective fading channel. The OFDM modulated output signal is complex, which is not possible to transmit through FSO channel. To overcome this constraint, we consider non-Hermitian approach by adding polarization diversity. However, polarization add crosstalk to the system, which deteriorates the system bit error rate (BER) performance. All the analytical simulation results are presents graphically by using MATLAB software. All the provided results are in terms of system’s BER by varying the number of OFDM subcarrier, local oscillator power, link distance, and mean misalignment angle. Our earlier published article where we used space frequency block code (SFBC) and reported that almost 7.5 dB coding gain possible. In this proposed system model, we considered convolutional code instead of SFBC and found a significant amount almost 10 dB coding gain at a BER of 10−12 when all the system’s parameter remains unchanged. Finally, we developed the closed-form expression of system’s average BER.
Black Folk, Then and Now and the Late Du Bois’ Marxist Dialectic
Authors: Kadushin Reuben
Published: October 2024

This paper seeks to examine Du Bois’ positive engagement with the Marxist dialectical categories that are the corner-stone of the politico-philosophical tradition, as in Berteli Oilman's Dance of The Dialectic and Fredrich Engels’ Anti-Duhring. Du Bois’ relationship to Marxism remains downplayed and understudied due to anti-communist historiography and postmodernist interpretations. W. E. B. Du Bois’ 1939 work Black Folk, Then and Now demonstrates the centrality of Marxist dialectics to his work, clarifying his philosophical and historiographical development after completing Black Reconstruction. This abstract and philosophical reading of Black Folk, Then and Now reveals not merely that the late Du Bois’ radicalism can be categorized as Marxian but also that his late works cannot be understood without an understanding of Marxist political economy and philosophy, revealing that Black Folk, Then and Now is a centerpiece of the scholar-activist's intellectual development.
Development of a Comprehensive Regulatory Model for Medical Devices
Authors: Teli Manvendra S. , Jhawat Vikas , Sharma Anil Kumar
Published: October 2024

Background: The development of a comprehensive regulatory model for medical devices is essential to ensure the safety, efficacy, and quality of medical devices throughout their lifecycle, from design and development to post-market surveillance. This paper outlines a robust framework for such a regulatory model, detailing key components and processes necessary for effective regulation.

Methods: The data and literature were collected from various databases including Springer, Science Direct, Taylor and Francis, Wiley, Bentham Science, and websites of different regulatory agencies. The collected data were utilized in the research work to formulate the new regulatory model.

Results: Different guidelines represent acceptable regulatory practices for all medical items. There are four risk classification levels of the medical devices (class I–IV, based on the risk level). For every country, the regulatory requirements are different. Global regulations for medical device approval are essential to guaranteeing their quality, safety, efficacy, and performance before they can be put on the market to safeguard, prevent, enhance, and maintain public health. Different classes have different regulatory steps for approval of the devices, which varies from region to region. The World Health Organization’s Department of Essential Health Technologies’ Diagnostic Imaging and Medical Devices team has developed and implemented the Baseline Country Survey on Medical Devices. The proposed model includes the establishment of a clear legislative and regulatory framework, featuring a risk-based classification system aligned with international standards. It emphasizes rigorous pre-market requirements, including design controls, clinical evaluation, quality management systems, and technical documentation. Market authorization processes are described, highlighting pathways such as Premarket Notification (510(k)), Premarket Approval (PMA), and De Novo Classification, supported by thorough scientific review and expert advisory panels. The present study is all about the global requirements of the regulation of the medical devices and it was concluded that overall, a global comprehensive regulatory model for medical devices aims to strike a balance between ensuring patient safety, facilitating innovation, and enabling timely access to life-saving medical technologies around the world.

Conclusion: The model advocates for international harmonization and collaboration, promoting regulatory convergence and the adoption of global standards. It also supports innovation through accelerated approval pathways and regulatory sandboxes, alongside continuous improvement driven by regulatory science research and stakeholder engagement. By integrating these elements, the comprehensive regulatory model aims to protect public health while fostering medical device innovation and ensuring global regulatory compatibility.
FUZÛLÎ, SEVDÂYÎ’NİN KISSA-İ LEYLÎ BİRLE MECNÛN’UNU KULLANMIŞ MIDIR?
Authors: Can Burhan
Published: October 2024

Sevdâyî (ö.?) isimli bir şairin Kıssa-i Leylî Birle Mecnûn’u ile Fuzûlî’nin (ö.1556) Leylâ vü Mecnûn’u arasında çok sayıda ortak beyit bulunmaktadır. Araştırmacılar iki metin arasındaki ilişkinin Sevdâyî’nin müstensihinin eklemeleri sonucunda olduğunu kabul etmişlerdir. Bununla birlikte eserlerdeki parçalar Sevdâyî ve Fuzûlî’nin model metni olan Hâtifî’nin (ö.1512) Leylî vü Mecnûn’unda da yer almaktadır. Fuzûlî, Sevdâyî’den alıntılar ve çeviriler yapmasa bile Hâtifî’yi kullanmıştır. Bu nedenle metinler arasındaki alıntılama, çeviri, özetleme gibi metin üretim yöntemlerini dikkate alan bir inceleme yapılmıştır.
Bu çalışmada da adı geçen üç eserdeki ortaklıklar ele alınmış, Sevdâyî’nin Kıssa-i Leylî Birle Mecnûn’unda yer alan ve müstensih eklemesinin yapıldığını düşündüren beyitler model metinle karşılaştırılmıştır. Yapılan karşılaştırma sonucunda müstensih veya yazarın tercihlerinin eserin yazılış amacı ile uyumu ve metnin bütünsel tutarlılığı sorgulanmıştır. Fuzûlî ile ortak olan ama müstensih müdahalesi olduğunun ispatlanması mümkün olmayan parçalar ise anlatım biçimleri, çeviri teknikleri ve üslup özellikleri dikkate alınarak kendisinden önce yazılan bu iki metinle değerlendirilmiştir. Böylece Sevdâyî ve Fuzûlî’de yer alan beyitlerin nesnel ve tüm ihtimalleri göz önüne alan bir karşılaştırması yapılmıştır.
INVESTIGATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUMAN CAPITAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: INSIGHTS FROM THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Po Hui Yee , Ting Irene Wei Kiong , Osman Azim Azuan , Tan Shi Yan , Asif Jawad
Published: October 2024

The construction industry in Malaysia serves as a cornerstone of economic development, contributing significantly to wealth generation and the creation of vital infrastructure. This study aims to explore the influence of human capital on organizational performance within the Malaysian construction sector. Data was gathered through survey questionnaires distributed to 121 individuals employed in construction firms. Employing a simple random sampling technique, the study utilized partial least squares structural equation modeling for data analysis. The findings of this research reveal compelling insights into the relationship between human capital and organizational performance in the Malaysian construction industry. Specifically, soft skills and educational advancement were found to have a positive and significant impact on organizational performance. However, contrary to expectations, hard skills exhibited a negative effect on organizational performance. In conclusion, the study delves into the theoretical significance, practical ramifications, and future directions.
Genre Analysis of Movie Reviews in Malaysian Online Newspapers: Uncovering Structural Patterns
Authors: Yusob Khairul Firhan , Nikman Khairunisa , Ahmad Ghulamuddin Nurul Jannah , Hamzah Intan Fitri Aisyah
Published: October 2024

Movie reviews are an important indicator of the quality of a movie and help cinemagoers in their decision-making process. With the advent of technology, the consumption of movie reviews has shifted primarily to online platforms, including newspaper websites, blogs and established movie domain sites such as the Internet Movie Database (IMDB). Consequently, it provides more room for the audience to express their opinions about the movies. Despite this shift, there still needs to be more research on the structural nuances of online film reviews in newspapers, particularly in the Malaysian context. To address this gap, this study examines movie reviews published by local newspapers from a genre-based perspective, focusing on their underlying structures. Ten movie reviews were collected from a local newspaper's website and analysed to identify recurring patterns and moves within the genre. The analysis shows that the genre comprised eight steps, ranging from providing information about the movies to making recommendations to readers. The identified moves are M1: Title of the Movie Review, M2: Providing information about the movie, M3: Grabbing readers' attention, M4: Describing the movie, M5: Giving criticism, M6: Offering recommendations to the readers, M7: Concluding the review and M8: Relating to other movies. Notably, Move 5, which involves criticism of the movies, was the most elaborated step with various steps and sub-steps. Further, the analysis also shows a few structural patterns of the genre. This study provides valuable insights for readers who want to understand the elements that shape movie reviews in local newspapers.
NOVEL APPROACH FOR ADDRESSING IOT NETWORKS VULNERABILITIES IN DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF DOS/DDOS ATTACKS
Authors: Ibrahim Gide Aisha , Abubakar Aminu Mu'azu
Published: October 2024

The substantial growth of Internet-connected devices within the Internet of Things (IoT) has given rise to significant security challenges. Among the various threats confronting these interconnected devices, Denial of Service (DoS)/Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks emerge as significant concerns. The attacks, which seek to disrupt IoT services by flooding networks with unnecessary traffic, there is a critical need for robust security measures. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are vital in identifying suspicious activities, yet many existing systems lack real-time capabilities to address evolving attack strategies. This study investigates the vulnerabilities of IoT networks and the pressing need to detect and classify DoS/DDoS attacks in real time. Traditional IDS, while effective in recognizing known attack patterns, fall short in identifying new attack types due to their reliance on historical data. To bridge this gap, this research focuses on developing an enhanced hybrid network intrusion detection and classification system. This study seeks to make contribution to the advancement of resilient security measures within IoT environments. The framework uses the Kth Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm and dense neural networks to efficiently detect and categorize DoS/DDoS attacks in real time. To achieve this, a simulation model implementing the proposed hybrid algorithm will be developed. The framework utilized the MQTT-IoT-IDS2020 dataset, and a comparison was presented with recent approaches found in the literature. The results demonstrated enhanced performance in terms of true positive rate, accuracy, speed of detection.