bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nursing management of cognitive dysfunction in adults with brain injury: Summary of best evidence‐practiced strategies
Authors: Gao Yitian , Zhou Wanqiong , Wang Ying , Liu Beixue , Liu Jing , Wang Qiuyi , Zhou Lanshu
Published: February 2024

Objective

To summarize the best evidence‐based strategies for the management of cognitive dysfunction in patients with brain injury and to provide a reference for clinical nursing practice.

Design

Review.

Methods

The review was presented using PRISMA guidelines. A systematic search of evidence on the management of cognitive dysfunction in patients with brain injury was conducted in computerized decision systems, guideline websites, professional association websites and comprehensive databases from the date of creation to 21 June 2023. The types of evidence included were clinical decision making, guidelines, evidence summaries, best practices, recommended practices, expert consensus, systematic reviews and meta‐analyses. Two researchers trained in evidence‐based methodological systems independently evaluated the quality of the literature and extracted, integrated and graded the evidence for inclusion.

Results

A total of 20 articles were selected, including nine guidelines, three expert consensus articles, one clinical practice article and seven systematic reviews, and the overall quality of the literature was high. Thirty pieces of evidence were summarized in seven areas: assessment, multidisciplinary team, rehabilitation program, cognitive intervention, exercise intervention, music intervention and medication management.

Conclusions

This study summarizes the latest evidence on the management of cognitive dysfunction in the care of adults with brain injury and provides a reference for clinical nursing practice. The best evidence should be selected for localized and individualized application in clinical work, and the best evidence should be continuously updated to standardize nursing practice.

Implications for the profession and/or patient care

Patients with cognitive impairment after brain injury often suffer from memory loss, attention deficit and disorientation and are unable to have a normal life and experience much enjoyment, which seriously affects their physical and mental health and creates a great burden of care for their families and society. Best evidence‐based strategies for the nursing management of cognitive impairment in brain injury are essential for standardizing clinical nursing practice and providing timely, professional, systematic and comprehensive nursing interventions for patients.

Reporting method

This review is reported following the PRISMA 2020 statement guidelines, as applicable, to enhance transparency in reporting the evidence synthesis.

Trial and protocol registration

This study has been registered with the Fudan University Centre for Evidence‐based Nursing, a JBI Centre of Excellence under registration number ES20232566, http://ebn.nursing.fudan.edu.cn/myRegisterList.

Patient or public contribution

No patient or public contribution.
On the effective version of Serre's open image theorem
Authors: Mayle Jacob , Wang Tian
Published: February 2024

Let be an elliptic curve without complex multiplication. By Serre's open image theorem, the mod Galois representation of is surjective for each prime number that is sufficiently large. Under the generalized Riemann hypothesis, we give an explicit upper bound on the largest prime , linear in the logarithm of the conductor of , such that is nonsurjective.
On Pleijel's nodal domain theorem for the Robin problem
Authors: Hassannezhad Asma , Sher David
Published: February 2024

We prove an improved Pleijel nodal domain theorem for the Robin eigenvalue problem. In particular, we remove the restriction, imposed in previous work, that the Robin parameter be non‐negative. We also improve the upper bound in the statement of the Pleijel theorem. In the particular example of a Euclidean ball, we calculate the explicit value of the Pleijel constant for a generic constant Robin parameter, and we show that it is equal to the Pleijel constant for the Dirichlet Laplacian on a Euclidean ball.
Overcoming the noise in neural computing
Authors: Aimone James B. , Agarwal Sapan
Published: February 2024

Circuit strategies can enable noisy analog hardware to achieve high precision
Stellar remains of 1987 supernova found at last
Authors: Clery Daniel
Published: February 2024

NASA’s JWST telescope spots fluorescing gas inflamed by surviving neutron star
As Grids Reach 100% Renewable at Peak, Growing Curtailment of 8 Gigawatts Looms as a Challenge to Decarbonization
Authors: Chien Andrew A. , Lin Liuzixuan
Published: February 2024

In April 2022, the California Independent System Operator (CAISO) power grid reached momentary peaks of 100% renewable energy for the first time. After a year, momentary 100% supply from renewables isn't a news any more, and CAISO reported record wind and solar renewable curtailment of 606 GWh (March 2023) and 686 GWh (April 2023). In addition, peak renewable coincided with curtailment rates of 8 GW in April 2023. Our prior studies documented monthly-peak renewable curtailment growth of 40% annually (23 GWh in March 2015 growing to 82 GWh in March 2017). Updating for 2018-2023 shows that 40% annual growth has continued through April 2023 and with it, CAISO has reached an average sunlight hours curtailment rate of 2 GW. If this 9-year trend continues unchecked for the next 5 years, monthly curtailment is projected to reach 3.3 TWh in both March and April of 2028, an average sunlight curtailment rate of nearly 11 GW.

We analyze causes of increased curtailment, and discuss its likely future trajectory (growth). We also discuss the challenges its growth represents for grid decarbonization. Finally we outline the difficulties in reducing curtailment growth and highlight several new opportunities for power grids and computing systems.
The EMPOWER program: a history and guide for increasing diversity using integrated research and education
Authors: King Adrienne Lester , Bell-Huff Cristi , Airhihenbuwa Collins , Ogletree Susan , Wright Christa
Published: February 2024

The Engaging Multidisciplinary Professional Opportunities for Women in Environmental Research (EMPOWER) program is a one-of-a-kind research summer experience for minority female high school students in the state of Georgia. In addition, this program provides high school teachers with hands-on experiences that can be adapted to use in the classrooms. This combination of lab and field research immerses participants in understanding urban environmental exposures and their health effects. The EMPOWER program was established to meet the critical need for increasing diversity in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.
Assessing the pulmonary vascular responsiveness to oxygen with proton MRI
Authors: Kizhakke Puliyakote Abhilash S. , Tedjasaputra Vincent , Petersen Gregory M. , Sá Rui Carlos , Hopkins Susan R.
Published: February 2024

We developed a new proton MRI method to noninvasively quantify the pulmonary vascular response to oxygen. Using a hyperoxic stimulus to release HPV, we quantified the resulting redistribution of perfusion. The differences between normoxic and hyperoxic images were greater than those between images without [Formula: see text] changes and negatively correlated with ventilation-perfusion mismatch. This suggests that active HPV optimizes ventilation-perfusion matching in normal subjects. This approach is suitable for assessing patients with different disease phenotypes.
Comparative analysis of sleep parameters and structures derived from wearable flexible electrode sleep patches and polysomnography in young adults
Authors: Wang Yuqi , Zhou Jing , Zha Fubing , Zhou Mingchao , Li Dongxia , Zheng Qian , Chen Shugeng , Yan Shuiping , Geng Xinling , Long Jianjun , Wan Li , Wang Yulong
Published: February 2024

By comparison with PSG, this study confirmed the reliability of an efficient, objective, low-cost, and noninvasive portable automatic sleep-monitoring device FESP, which provides effective information for long-term family sleep disorder diagnosis and sleep quality monitoring.
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: Multilevel Breast Cancer Classification Framework Using Radiomic Features
Authors: Panigrahi Lipismita , Chandra Tej Bahadur , Srivastava Atul Kumar , Varshney Neeraj , Singh Kamred Udham , Mahato Shambhu
Published: February 2024

Breast cancer characterization remains a significant and challenging issue in contemporary medicine. Accurately distinguishing between malignant and benign breast lesions is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment. The anatomical structure of malignant breast ultrasound images is more chaotic than that of benign images due to disease pathologies. However, texture-based analysis alone often fails to identify the extent of chaoticness in malignant breast ultrasound images due to their vague appearance with normal echo patterns, leading to missed diagnoses and increased mortality rates. To address this issue, we proposed an angular feature-based multilevel breast cancer classification framework mBCCf that aims to improve the accuracy and efficiency of classification. The proposed framework mimics the radiologist interpretation procedure by identifying the chaoticness on the periphery of the breast lesion in a breast ultrasound image (level-1). If the lesion contains an acute angle in any part of the periphery, it can be characterized as malignant or otherwise benign. However, solely relying on level-1 analysis may result in misclassification, especially when benign lesions exhibit echo patterns that resemble malignant ones. To overcome this limitation and to make the proposed system highly sensitive, advanced texture-based analysis (using combined shape, texture, and angular features) is performed (level-2). Finally, the performance of the proposed system is evaluated using a cross-dataset (consisting of 1293 breast ultrasound images) and compared with the different individual feature extraction techniques. Encouragingly, our system demonstrated an accuracy of 96.99% for classifying malignant and benign tumors, which is also validated using statistical analysis. The implications of our research lie in its potential to significantly improve breast cancer diagnosis by providing a reliable, efficient, and sensitive tool for radiologists.
Hot‐Antisolvent Assisted Morphological Regulation of Perovskites for Semitransparent Photovoltaics Employing Hot‐Pressing Approach
Authors: Lee Dong-Gun , Pandey Padmini , Bahadur Jitendra , Song Jun Tae , Cho Jung Sang , Kang Dong-Won
Published: February 2024

The processing of halide perovskites in the air significantly influences their morphology and surface coverage, often leading to the presence of numerous trap densities that adversely affect device performance. In this study, we explored the development of perovskite films using a solvent extraction method, where the temperature of the anisole antisolvent was varied. Our findings demonstrate that the hot‐antisolvent strategy effectively controls nucleation, resulting in the formation of highly dense, pinhole‐free, and crack‐free perovskite films with reduced surface roughness. Films fabricated using this hot‐antisolvent approach exhibited enhanced photoluminescence, indicating lower trap density and increased recombination resistance. They also showed slower charge carrier recombination rates and efficient charge extraction, suggesting the suppression of nonradiative recombination. Furthermore, the superior quality of perovskite films obtained through the hot‐antisolvent strategy significantly enhanced the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of hot‐pressed semitransparent perovskite solar cells. The PCE remarkably increased from 0.13% to an impressive 12.65% while maintaining an average visible transmittance of 26.55% and exceptional air stability for 2000 hours with no significant degradation in initial PCE. This study achieves a record‐breaking light utilization efficiency of 3.36% in the realm of research on hot‐press processes.
Pertolongan Psikologis Pertama
Authors: Putri Frilya Rachma , Nafi’ati Dini Latifatun , Rahmadianti Mayniar Ayu , Utari Maharani Dwi
Published: February 2024

Bencana dapat terjadi di mana saja dan kapan saja, serta dapat menimpa siapa saja. Bencana dapat diakibatkan oleh bencana alam dan nonalam, termasuk yang disebabkan oleh manusia. Dalam kenyataannya, baik bencana alam maupun nonalam menyebabkan dampak psikologis bagi yang terkena bencana, baik dalam jangka akut, berupa syok, atau dalam jangka panjang, berupa gangguan stress pascatrauma. Wabah Covid-19 yang terjadi juga merupakan salah satu bencana nonalam yang memberikan dampak psikologis berupa rasa takut dan cemas terhadap virus itu sendiri dan juga dampak tidak langsung berupa kekhawatiran akibat ekonomi yang merosot. Selain itu, bencana berupa kerumunan massa atau crowd mass juga menyebabkan kepanikan massa yang tidak sedikit angka mortalitas dan morbiditasnya. Pada kenyataannya, masyarakat lebih terbiasa dan lebih dapat menangani bencana alam dibandingkan bencana nonalam. Dapat dikatakan bahwa penanganan bencana nonalam pada masyarakat Indonesia masih sangat kurang. Pertolongan psikologis pertama merupakan respons suportif pada seseorang atau kelompok yang terkena bencana dan memerlukan dukungan. Diharapkan melalui pertolongan psikologis pertama ini, korban dapat mencakup memenuhi kebutuhan dasar, stabilisasi reaksi psikologis akut, mitigasi stres, hendaya, atau disfungsi akut dengan pendampingan sampai sebagian fungsi adaptif muncul; memperkuat kemampuan koping dan resiliensi yang sudah ada, serta memfasilitasi akses akan tata laksana lanjutan jika diperlukan. Intervensi P3 bukan merupakan intervensi psikologis profesional yang hanya boleh dilakukan oleh tenaga ahli. Penanganan psikologis pertama harus memperhatikan juga populasi yang ditolong. Pada populasi rentan seperti anak-anak, ibu hamil, disabilitas, lansia, tidak dapat disamakan pertolongannya dengan populasi orang pada umumnya. Dalam praktiknya, terdapat berbagai macam fase dan tahapan pertolongan psikologis pertama yang akan dijelaskan lebih lanjut di dalam buku ini.
Kolaborasi dan Analisis Stakeholder: Teori, Konsep, dan Aplikasi
Authors: Sentanu I Gede Eko Putra Sri , Tirani Yuniawati Anti , Pradono Gadang Ali Syariati
Published: February 2024

Stakeholder (pemangku kepentingan) merupakan sebuah aspek penting yang mempengaruhi pencapaian tujuan suatu organisasi publik. Sejalan dengan perkembangan paradigma terkininya yaitu Good Governance, Administrasi Publik dituntut untuk melibatkan berbagai stakeholder dalam proses perumusan maupun implementasi kebijakan publik dimana para stakeholder dari berbagai macam latar belakang seperti pemerintah, organisasi bisnis, Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat, akademisi, hingga masyarakat melakukan kolaborasi. Dengan demikian, diperlukan pemahaman mendalam mengenai kolaborasi stakeholder. Buku ini memaparkan konsep kolaborasi stakeholder yang meliputi konsep kolaborasi, kolaborasi dalam perspektif administrasi publik dan teori organisasi, pendekatan kolaborasi, pendekatan kolaborasi dalam perspektif helix, konsep stakeholder, kolaborasi stakeholder dan pengambilan keputusan, serta alat kolaborasi stakeholder. Di samping pemaparan teoritis, buku ini dilengkapi dengan penyajian empiris berupa studi kasus terkait kolaborasi stakeholder. Diharapkan buku ini dapat memperkaya pemahaman mahasiswa, akademisi, praktisi, hingga pembaca umum terkait kolaborasi stakeholder.
Membangun Sistem Cerdas dengan Kecerdasan Buatan: Menjawab Tantangan Permasalahan Dunia Modern
Authors: Mahmudy Wayan Firdaus , Widodo Agus Wahyu , Muntasa Arif
Published: February 2024

Buku ini membahas penerapan kecerdasan buatan (artificial intelligence, AI) dalam membangun sistem cerdas untuk menghadapi tantangan permasalahan yang kompleks di era modern. Buku ini mengeksplorasi berbagai solusi AI yang dapat digunakan untuk menjawab tantangan dunia modern yang meliputi bidang kesehatan, keuangan, lingkungan, transportasi, pertanian, peternakan, dan banyak lagi. Setiap bab dalam buku ini didedikasikan untuk membahas satu kelompok metode AI dan menghadirkan studi kasus dunia nyata yang mengilustrasikan penerapan metode tersebut beserta solusi yang dihasilkan. Dalam setiap bab, pembaca akan diperkenalkan pada metode AI yang berbeda, seperti jaringan saraf tiruan (artificial neural networks), teknik optimasi menggunakan algoritma genetika (genetic algorithms) dan particle swarm optimization (PSO), dan logika kabur (fuzzy logic). Penjelasan yang mendalam akan diberikan mengenai prinsip dasar, algoritma, dan kegunaan masing-masing metode dalam membangun sistem cerdas. Setelah penjelasan metode AI, pembaca akan disajikan dengan studi kasus dunia nyata yang relevan dengan metode yang dibahas. Setiap studi kasus akan memberikan gambaran tentang tantangan yang dihadapi, metode AI yang diterapkan, dan solusi yang dihasilkan. Contoh kasus tersebut akan mencakup berbagai bidang, seperti kesehatan, keuangan, transportasi, pertanian, peternakan, atau industri manufaktur.
Belajar tentang Miopia
Authors: Anandita Nanda Wahyu , Wulandary Lely Retno , Dewi Nadia Artha
Published: February 2024

Miopia adalah sebuah gangguan mata yang umumnya dikenal sebagai rabun jauh atau nearsightedness. Kondisi ini terjadi ketika mata tidak dapat fokus pada objek yang jauh dengan jelas sehingga objek yang jauh terlihat kabur, sedangkan objek yang dekat dapat terlihat dengan jelas. Buku Belajar tentang Miopia ini mencakup berbagai aspek terkait, termasuk faktor penyebab, gejala, diagnosis, penatalaksanaan, mitos, dan komplikasinya sehingga diharapkan buku ini dapat memberikan narasi umum tentang apa yang bisa diharapkan dari buku tentang miopia serta dapat memberikan wawasan yang berharga kepada pembaca yang ingin memahami lebih lanjut tentang miopia atau bagi mereka yang sedang mencari solusi untuk mengelola atau mengoreksi kondisi miopia mereka.
Literasi Multimodal: Teori, Desain, dan Aplikasi
Authors: Sahiruddin S , Sudarwati Emy , Indhiarti Tantri R
Published: February 2024

Buku ini bertujuan untuk pengembangan strategi dan model paket pelajaran atau mata kuliah dengan menawarkan contoh-contoh strategi instruksional yang memiliki landasan teori dan berorientasi pada praktik terbaik mengenai literasi multimodal secara sistematik dan prinsipil. Hal ini bertujuan untuk memberikan inspirasi kepada pendidik dan menjadi bahan refleksi terkait profil, kebutuhan, dan ketertarikan pembelajar. Para pendidik didorong untuk mengedepankan prinsip, gagasan, dan strategi yang ada dalam mengembangkan literasi multimodal dalam suatu praktik pembelajaran. Semua hasil gagasan yang dihasilkan akan berdasar pada teori dan praktik terbaik. Buku ini menyajikan berbagai aspek penggunaan literasi multimodal di pendidikan tinggi di berbagai disiplin ilmu, sebuah bidang yang diharapkan terus berkembang sebagai respons terhadap pasar pendidikan tinggi global yang kompetitif. Studi yang disajikan dilakukan di berbagai kelas yang menerapkan literasi multimodal dengan data yang dikumpulkan dari observasi dan dokumentasi kegiatan pengajaran, dan dari wawancara atau survei peserta. Melalui analisis dan sintesis data, kasus lintas disiplin–mulai dari teknik, sains, teknologi, bisnis, ilmu sosial, ilmu kedokteran, desain dan seni, hingga sektor layanan pariwisata dan rekreasi–digunakan untuk mengilustrasikan berbagai desain kurikulum pembelajaran literasi multimodal dan praktik terbaik di kelas. Dalam hal ini yang menjadi kelebihan buku ialah kasus- kasus yang dijelaskan dalam konteks pendidikan tinggi di Indonesia sehingga buku ini bisa menjembatani kesenjangan antara perencanaan dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis literasi multimodal di seluruh domain akademik di Indonesia untuk pembuat kebijakan, administrator, pendidik konten, dan pelatih pendidik di Indonesia. Secara umum buku ini mencakup pembahasan tentang beberapa aspek di antaranya (1) Konsep Literasi Multimodal, (2) Desain pengembangan Literasi Multimodal, (3) Desain dan pengembangan Literasi Multimodal, (4) Pembelajaran Literasi Multimodal dengan Teks print dan Multimodal, (5) Framework Literasi Multimodal, (6) Praktik Literasi Multimodal, (7) Assessment Literasi Multimodal, (8) Pengembangan Kompetensi Literasi Multimodal, (9) Riset bidang Literasi Multimodal, dan (9) Literasi Digital dan Anti-Hoax.
Die Beherrschung der Syntax deutscher Nebensätze: Besteht eine Korrelation mit Lernstrategien?
Authors: Hausen Felipe von
Published: February 2024

Ziel dieser quantitativen Studie ist es, die Korrelation zwischen den L2-Lernstrategien von Deutschlernenden und der Beherrschung der Nebensatzsyntax bei deutschen Verben festzustellen. Zur Messung der Lernstrategien wurde die Version 7 des Oxford SILL (Oxford, 2003) verwendet. Die Forced-Choice-Tests von Catasso (2004) wurden verwendet, um die Kenntnisse der Nebensatzsyntax zu beurteilen. Die Probanden an dieser Studie waren 55 Schüler einer deutschen Schule Chiles. Die mit R durchgeführte Analyse zeigt, dass die am häufigsten verwendete Lernstrategie die Kompensationsstrategien waren. Die Daten zeigten, dass keine statistisch signifikante positive Korrelation zwischen häufiger Lernstrategieanwendung und besserer Beherrschung der Verbstellung besteht. Es besteht jedoch eine statistisch signifikante negative Korrelation zwischen dem Einsatz metakognitiver Strategien und der Beherrschung der Nebensatzsyntax bei männlichen Lernenden. Die persönlichen Variablen beim Sprachenlernen könnten positive Auswirkungen haben. In Zukunft wäre es sinnvoll, diese Art von Korrelationsstudien auf andere Aspekte des deutschen Spracherwerbs wie die Deklination auszuweiten.
Semantic segmentation model for concrete cracks based on parallel Swin-CNNs framework
Authors: Han Xiaojian , Zheng Junwen , Chen Lingkun , Chen Qizhi , Huang Xiaoming
Published: February 2024

In recent years, crack detection has been the focus of relevant research since concrete fractures are the most dangerous damage to structures. Computer vision-based approaches are frequently employed for their distinct benefits. However, the crack segmentation model based only on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is still inadequate in generalization because of its inherent bias produced by its low contextual understanding capacity. This research provides a framework PSC (Parallel Swin-CNNs) that employs a multi-scale feature fusion pyramid decoder to partition concrete cracks semantically using Swin Transformer and CNNs. This research evaluates classic CNN models U-Net, U-Net++, DeepLabV3, PSPNet, Feature Pyramid Network (FPN), and DeepCrack on two datasets. The proposed PSC model achieves the best crack segmentation results, with a maximum improvement of 36.57% in F1-score and 62.38% in Intersection over Union value on both datasets, a reduction in parameters of 2.95%–40.89% except for PSPNet. The proposed PSC model demonstrates versatile applicability across various scenarios, effectively overcoming interferences such as light shadows, oil stains, potholes, and textured surfaces while maintaining high computational efficiency.
Regional seismic velocity model for the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains based on measured shear wave velocity, sediment thickness, and surface geology
Authors: Gann-Phillips Cassie , Cabas Ashly , Ji Chunyang , Cramer Chris , Kaklamanos James , Boyd Oliver
Published: February 2024

The Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains (CPs) are characterized by widespread accumulations of low-velocity sediments and sedimentary rock that overlay high-velocity bedrock. Geology and sediment thickness greatly influence seismic wave propagation, but current regional ground motion amplification and seismic hazard models include limited characterization of these site conditions. In this study, a new regional seismic velocity model for the CPs is created by integrating shear wave velocity (VS) measurements, surface geology, and a sediment thickness model recently developed for the CPs. A reference rock VS of 3000 m/s has been assumed at the bottom of the sedimentary columns, which corresponds to the base of Cretaceous and Mesozoic sediments underlying the Atlantic CP and the Gulf CP, respectively. Measured VS profiles located throughout the CPs are sorted into five geologic groups of varying age, and median VS profiles are developed for each group by combining measured VS values within layer thicknesses defined by an assumed layering ratio. Statistical analyses are also conducted to test the appropriateness of the selected groups. A power law model with geology-informed coefficients is used to extend the median velocity models beyond the depths where measured data were available. The median VS profiles provide reasonable agreement with other generic models applicable for the region, but they also incorporate new information that enables more advanced characterizations of site response at regional scales and their effective incorporation into seismic hazard models and building codes. The proposed median velocity profiles can be assigned within a grid-based model of the CPs according to the spatial distribution of geologic units at the surface.
State Estimation of Drive-by-Wire Chassis Vehicle Based on Dual Unscented Particle Filter Algorithm
Authors: Wang Zixu , Chen Chaoning , Jiang Quan , Zheng Hongyu , Kaku Chuyo
Published: February 2024

Accurate vehicle dynamic information plays an important role in vehicle driving safety. However, due to the characteristics of high mobility and multiple controllable degrees of freedom of drive-by-wire chassis vehicles, the current mature application of traditional vehicle state estimation algorithms can not meet the requirements of drive-by-wire chassis vehicle state estimation. This paper proposes a state estimation method for drive-by-wire chassis vehicle based on the dual unscented particle filter algorithm, which make full use of the known advantages of the four-wheel drive torque and steer angle parameters of the drive-by-wire chassis vehicle. In the dual unscented particle filter algorithm, two unscented particle filter transfer information to each other, observe the vehicle state information and the tire force parameter information of the four wheels respectively, which reduce the influence of parameter uncertainty and model parameter changes on the estimation accuracy during driving. The performance with the dual unscented particle filter algorithm, which is analyzed in terms of the time-average square error, is superior of the unscented Kalman filter algorithm. The effectiveness of the algorithm is further verified by driving simulator test. In this paper, a vehicle state estimator based on dual unscented particle filter algorithm was proposed for the first time to improve the estimation accuracy of vehicle parameters and states.
Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia in chronic neck pain patients (TSK-neck): structural and construct validity and reliability in a Brazilian population
Authors: Mendes Letícia Padilha , Fidelis-de-Paula-Gomes Cid André , Pontes-Silva André , Barreto Felipe Souza , Pinheiro Jocassia Silva , da Silva Aron Charles Barbosa , de Oliveira Pires Flávio , da Cunha Leal Plinio , Avila Mariana Arias , Dibai-Filho Almir Vieira
Published: February 2024

Background

To date, there are no studies in the literature that define the internal structure of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) in patients with chronic neck pain based on factorial analysis. As such, we aimed to verify and identify the best structure of the Brazilian version of the TSK in patients with chronic neck pain.

Methods

We included Brazilian participants aged ≥18 years, both sexes, with self-reported neck pain for more than 3 months and pain intensity ≥3 on the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). Dimensionality and number of TSK items were assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We tested the following internal structures: structure 1 (1 domain and 17 items), structure 2 (1 domain and 11 items), structure 3 (2 domains and 11 items), and structure 4 (2 domains and 9 items). We used the Pain-Related Catastrophizing Thoughts Scale (PCTS) and the NPRS for construct validity. In addition, we assessed test-retest reliability for the seven-day interval using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2,1), Cronbach’s alpha to assess internal consistency, and ceiling and floor effects.

Results

The study sample included of 335 patients. Most were women (77.6%), young adults (~ 34 years), single (48.4%), with complete primary education (57.3%), physically inactive (66.6%), with a mean pain duration of 46 months and a mean pain intensity of ~ 5 points on the NPRS. Redundancy was found in the following items: item 1 with item 2 (modification indices = 21.419) and item 13 with item 15 (modification indices = 13.641). Subsequently, based on these paired analyses, the items with the lowest factor loadings (items 2 and 15) were excluded. As such, TSK structure 4 was composed of two domains (“somatic focus” and “activity avoidance”) and 9 items, which showed adequate fit indices and lower AIC and SABIC values. We observed significant values (p < 0.05) with a correlation magnitude greater than 0.142 to 0.657 between the two domains of the TSK-neck and the other instruments (PCTS and NPRS). We found excellent reliability (ICC2,1 ≥ 0.96) and adequate internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha ≥0.98) of the TSK-neck. Finally, ceiling and floor effects were not observed.

Conclusion

The TSK-neck structure with two domains (somatic focus and activity avoidance) and nine items is the most appropriate for patients with chronic neck pain.
Association between estimated glomerular filtration rate and reversion to normoglycemia in people with impaired fasting glucose: a 5-year retrospective cohort study
Authors: Tu Lirong , Hu Haofei , Zhou Xinglei , Zhang Heping , Liu Xiaohui , Yang Dehua , He Yongcheng
Published: February 2024

Objectives

The present body of evidence regarding the correlation between the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the reversal of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) to normoglycemia remains constrained. Consequently, the objective of our study is to examine the relationship between eGFR and the restoration of normoglycemia in individuals with IFG.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study consecutively collected data from 24,541 non-selective participants with IFG at Rich Healthcare Group in China from January 2010 to 2016. We aimed to investigate the association between baseline eGFR and reversion to normoglycemia using the Cox proportional-hazards regression model. Through the utilization of a Cox proportional hazards regression model featuring cubical spline smoothing, we were able to ascertain the non-linear correlation between eGFR and the return to normoglycemia. Furthermore, various sensitivity and subgroup analyses were carried out, and a competing risk multivariate Cox regression was employed to examine the progression to diabetes as a competing risk for the reversal of normoglycemic events.

Results

In our study, comprising 24,541 participants, the average age was 49.25 ± 13.77 years, with 66.28% being male. The baseline eGFR mean was 104.16 ± 15.78 ml/min per 1.73 m2. During a median follow-up period of 2.89 years, we observed a reversion rate to normoglycemia of 45.50%. Upon controlling for covariates, our findings indicated a positive correlation between eGFR and the probability of returning to normoglycemia (HR = 1.008, 95% CI 1.006–1.009). In addition, a non-linear association was observed between eGFR and the likelihood of transitioning from IFG to normoglycemia. The inflection point of eGFR was found to be 111.962 ml/min per 1.73 m2, with HRs of 1.003 (95% CI 1.001, 1.005) on the left side of the point and 1.019 (95% CI 1.015, 1.022) on the right side. Our robust results were supported by competing risks multivariate Cox's regression and sensitivity analysis.

Conclusions

The findings of our investigation indicate a favorable and non-linear correlation between eGFR and the restoration of normoglycemia in Chinese individuals with IFG. Specifically, a reduction in renal function at an early stage in these patients may considerably diminish the likelihood of attaining normoglycemia.
RSV Disease Threat and Innovative Prevention Methods in Health Protection: A Review
Authors: Dąbrowska Paulina , Żuber Michał , Bochyński Karol , Molenda Katarzyna , Ciuba Katarzyna , Borodziuk Barbara , Borodziuk Filip , Dacka Michał , Giżewska Kamila , Białogłowski Konrad
Published: February 2024

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes infections of the lower respiratory tract. A group particularly vulnerable to severe infection are young children under 2 years of age and the elderly. The infection can cause the entire spectrum of respiratory symptoms from upper respiratory tract infections to severe courses requiring assisted breathing. Until recently, the only form of protection against infection was passive immunization, i.e. administration of immunoglobulins. Chief among these are palivizumab and nirsevimab. In May u June 2023, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for use 2 vaccines against RSV are Arexvy and Abrysvo. In this study, we focus on presenting and describing the clinical evidence supporting the effectiveness of these immunization methods.
Appreciative Inquiry and Prospective Theorizing Through Engaged Scholarship
Authors: Robinson Pamela
Published: February 2024

This article explores how Appreciative Inquiry creates conditions to gain insight into sustainable agriculture to understand past and current aspects of local ecological knowledge, and then leap beyond the past and present and move toward a future-forming theory design.
The Influence of Science Comics Learning Media and Problem-Based Learning Methods on the Effectiveness of Support Solution Learning for Students of SMAN 1 Toraja Utara
Authors: Rantetampang Sulpa Dewi , Nadeak Bernadetha , Limbong Mesta
Published: February 2024

Education is one of the spearheads of a country's success. In education, the teacher is the spearhead; for this reason, the teacher must continue to improve himself to innovate and be creative in presenting the material being taught so that learning objectives can be adequately achieved. One is in chemistry learning, which must motivate students to continue developing critical thinking skills. For this reason, through this thesis, the writer will examine "The Influence of Science Comic Learning Media with MethodsProblem Based Learning on the Effectiveness of Buffer Solution Learning for SMAN 1 Toraja Utara students. This type of research is correlational and aims to determine the effect of Science Comics and Method media Learning as the independent variable on the effectiveness of learning as the dependent variable. The population of this study were students in class XI of the Mathematics and Natural Sciences Department of SMAN 1 Toraja Utara for the academic year 2022/2023, which consisted of 3 classes with a total of 96 students. The sample was taken randomly with 77 students using the Solvin formula N = n/N (d)2 + 1.  The effect of comic and media methods problem-based learning on the effectiveness of learning using a questionnaire from student observations on teacher teaching activities. The data obtained were analyzed based on descriptive analysis.
The Paradoxical Big Nonstory: Traditional and Social Media Frames Surrounding Carl Nassib, the NFL's First Openly Gay Player
Authors: Moscowitz Leigh , Billings Andrew C. , Gentile Patrick C. , Jackson Joshua R.
Published: February 2024

Abstract: In June of 2021, National Football League (NFL) defensive lineman Carl Nassib made history as the first openly gay, active professional football player to come out. Advancing research about news coverage of LGBT athletes, this paper employs content analysis to analyze the frames used in newspaper articles ( n = 195) and on social media ( n = 5,588 tweets) to report the story of Nassib's coming out. This study examines the media frames that were used most frequently in covering Nassib's coming out and discusses the significant differences between traditional media and those used most widely on social media. Findings indicate overall support for Nassib's coming out, as both newspapers and Twitter posts framed the story as a watershed moment and focused on celebrity support; however, personal attacks were more common on social media. Implications for how media cover gay-athlete stories are discussed.
In-Groups and Out-Groups: Using Social Identity Theory to Understand Listener Preferences for Local Sports Talk Radio
Authors: Mudrick Michael , Stifano Stephen , Stifano Sara
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Since its inception in the late 1980s, sports radio has grown exponentially. However, little academic work has focused on sports radio and the psychographics of its participants, as it is a unique medium that features considerable audience involvement. Given the platform's provincial nature, social identity theory can explain the promotion of hosts with local ties, as individuals with strong in-group identification tend to align with those of similar characteristics. Multiple regression and analysis of covariance tests found that a host with a similar audience accent was perceived as more credible and congruent with the market and garnered greater listening intentions. Perceived congruence between a host and market was significantly related to source credibility, which predicted listening intentions. This study is one of the first to empirically measure the influence of social identity theory tenets on media identification within sport radio. Results hold practical implications for program directors via hiring strategies.
De tablaos a tableaux : Ecos saurianos en Rosalía
Authors: Caña Jiménez María del Carmen
Published: February 2024

Resumen: El objetivo del presente ensayo es identificar ecos del proceso creativo empleado por Carlos Saura en su producción cinematográfica flamenca en el trabajo de Rosalía. Esto me permitirá posicionar a Rosalía en la línea genealógica—artísticamente hablando— de Saura, genio cinematográfico cuya creación fílmica en torno al flamenco ha contribuido, como también lo está haciendo Rosalía, al impulso del flamenco a una escala global y a la defensa de este como manifestación artística de la alta cultura. Al hacer esto, este ensayo establece una conexión concreta entre Rosalía—entendida como fenómeno global— y Carlos Saura, director icónico y referencia fundamental en los debates contemporáneos sobre el cine español en una escala internacional.
One- and two-dimensional electromagnetically induced gratings in a microwave-driven M-type atomic system
Authors: Pal Anju , Dar Zubair Iqbal , Kaur Paramjit
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we theoretically investigate a scheme for both 1D and 2D electromagnetically induced gratings (EIGs) in M-type atomic systems in which two ground states are coupled by a microwave field. It is observed that the presence of a microwave field enhances the probe diffraction efficiency to higher orders, thus leading to the construction of phase gratings in 1D and 2D cases. The study shows that changing the system parameters numerically, such as the strength of the applied microwave field, standing wave field, and the length of the atomic medium, leads to modulation of diffraction efficiency into higher orders. The application of microwave fields is a more convenient parameter for attaining increased first-order diffraction. We believe that the proposed system with a microwave field can be used for designing novel microwave sensing devices for optical networking and communication.
Learning mapping by curve iteration estimation For real-time underwater image enhancement
Authors: Wang Junting , Ye Xiufen , Liu Yusong , Mei Xinkui , Wei Xing
Published: February 2024

The degradation and attenuation of light in underwater images impose constraints on underwater vision tasks. However, the complexity and the low real-time performance of most current image enhancement algorithms make them challenging in practical applications. To address the above issues, we propose a new lightweight framework for underwater image enhancement. We adopt the curve estimation to learn the mapping between images rather than end-to-end networks, which greatly reduces the requirement for computing resources. Firstly, a designed iterative curve with parameters is used to simulate the mapping from the raw to the enhanced image. Then, the parameters of this curve are learned with a parameter estimation network called CieNet and a set of loss functions. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method is superior to existing algorithms in terms of evaluating indexes and visual perception quality. Furthermore, our highly lightweight network enables it to be easily integrated into small devices, making it highly applicable. The extremely short running-time of our method facilitates real-time underwater image enhancement.
Refractivity corrected distance measurement using the intermode beats derived from a supercontinuum
Authors: Ray Pabitro , Salido-Monzú David , Presl Robert , Avers Butt Jemil , Wieser Andreas
Published: February 2024

Simultaneous distance measurements on two or more optical wavelengths enable dispersion-based correction of deviations that result from insufficient knowledge of the refractive index along the signal propagation path. We demonstrate a supercontinuum-based approach for highly accurate distance measurements suitable for such an inline refractivity compensation. The distance is estimated from the phase delay observations on the intermode beats. We use a supercontinuum (SC) coherently broadened from a 780 nm frequency comb and spanning the spectral range of 570-970 nm. Experiments are performed on the 590 and 890 nm wavelength bands filtered from the SC spectrum. Results show distance measurements with standard deviations of around 0.01 mm at 50 m, and a distance-dependent component below 0.2 ppm on the individual spectral bands. Distance residuals compared to a reference interferometer are on the order of 0.1 ppm for displacements up to 50 m. Controlled pressure-induced refractivity variations are created over a length of 15 m, resulting in an optical path length change of 0.4 mm. Using the two-color method, we demonstrate refractivity-corrected distance measurement with a standard deviation of around 0.08 mm for a 60 s averaging window. The current experimental configuration can be easily extended to distance measurements on more than two wavelengths. The results highlight its potential for practical long-distance measurements through inline refractivity compensation.
Experimental implementation of a quantum zero-knowledge proof for user authentication
Authors: García-Cid Marta I. , Bodanapu Dileepsai , Gatto Alberto , Martelli Paolo , Martín Vicente , Ortiz Laura
Published: February 2024

A new interactive quantum zero-knowledge protocol for identity authentication implementable in currently available quantum cryptographic devices is proposed and demonstrated. The protocol design involves a verifier and a prover knowing a pre-shared secret, and the acceptance or rejection of the proof is determined by the quantum bit error rate. It has been implemented in modified Quantum Key Distribution devices executing two fundamental cases. In the first case, all players are honest, while in the second case, one of the users is a malicious player. We demonstrate an increase of the quantum bit error rate around 25% in the latter case compared to the case of honesty. The protocol has also been validated for distances from a back-to-back setup to more than 60 km between verifier and prover. The security and robustness of the protocol has been analysed, demonstrating its completeness, soundness and zero-knowledge properties.
Spatiotemporal dual-periodic soliton pulsation in a multimode fiber laser
Authors: He Wen-Yao , Liu Guang-Xin , Wu Jia-Wen , Qin Ye-Ting , Feng Zhi-Yin , Zhang Guang-Xin , Li Wen-Jun , Cui Hu , Luo Zhi-Chao , Xu Wen-Cheng , Luo Ai-Ping
Published: February 2024

Spatiotemporal mode-locked (STML) fiber lasers have become a new platform for investigating nonlinear phenomena. In this work, spatiotemporal dual-periodic soliton pulsation (SDSP) is firstly observed in an STML fiber laser. It is found that in the SDSP, the long-period pulsations (LPPs) of different transverse modes are synchronous, while the short-period pulsations (SPPs) exhibit asynchronous modulations. The numerical simulation confirms the experimental results and further reveals that the proportion of transverse mode components can manipulate the periods of the LPP and SPP but does not affect the synchronous and asynchronous pulsations of different transverse modes. The obtained results bring the study of spatiotemporal dissipative soliton pulsation into the multi-period modulation stage, which helps to understand the complex spatiotemporal dynamics in STML fiber lasers and discover new dynamics in high-dimensional nonlinear systems.
Loss of socioemotional and occupational roles in individuals with Long COVID according to sociodemographic and clinical factors: Secondary data from a randomized clinical trial
Authors: León-Herrera Sandra , Samper-Pardo Mario , Oliván-Blázquez Bárbara , Sánchez-Recio Raquel , Magallón-Botaya Rosa , Sánchez-Arizcuren Rafael
Published: February 2024

Background

Long COVID syndrome can have a major impact on life organization. Its persistent symptoms may cause a potentially disabling condition that affects the quality of life of those suffering from it. The resulting loss of functional independence hinders the ability to return to normal life. Many research studies carried out on this novel syndrome have focused on describing its extensive symptomatology. Studies on later repercussions, however, such as disability or loss of significant roles, remain scarce. This study examines the loss of socioemotional and occupational roles experienced by individuals suffering from Long COVID, as a result of the disease. A secondary objective is to analyze the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with this loss of roles.

Patients and methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted with the participation of 100 patients diagnosed with Long COVID, over the age of 18, and attended by Primary Health Care in the Autonomous Community of Aragon. The main study variable was the loss of significant socioemotional and occupational roles by the participants. Sociodemographic and clinical data were also collected through a structured interview. Subsequently, a descriptive, correlational, and regression-based statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS Statistics program.

Results

Based on the 100 study participants, the median number of roles lost was 3 (IQR 2) and the median number of valuable roles lost was 2 (IQR 2). More cognitive impairment and not having an active work role were predictors of a greater loss of valuables roles.

Conclusion

Long COVID symptoms hinder the development of socioemotional and occupational roles. Healthcare professionals should consider this when intervening to ensure that their patients may recover their life as it was before the disease.