bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of tourist flows intensity on market of passenger air carriages
Authors: Lola Yuliia , Aldoshyna Mariya
Published: October 2019

This research deals with the impact of intensity of inbound and outbound tourism on the sphere of passenger air carriages, based on the dataset that covers the indicators across different economic regions over the period of 2015-2017. The results based on building a correlation-regression model have shown that there is a close connection between tourism development and passenger carriages intensity. Verification of the model by the criteria of Fisher and Student (F-test and t-test) have proved the hypothesis about its statistical significance only after excluding five countries, for which no direct connection is observed between the chosen indictors. Further research has shown that the level of the country economic development does not influence the passenger air carriages industry. Specific attention is paid to the state and main tendencies of passenger air carriages industry in Ukraine. Impact of tourism on this kind of activity is analysed. The basic measures to increase its efficiency are highlighted.
Stages of Formation of Railway Economic Safety Schemes
Authors: Tymofyeyeva Tetyana , Gritsenko Natalia , Myroshychenko Yujia , Motsna Iryna
Published: October 2019

It is found that the railway economic safety system shall be formed taking into consideration current social changes in the society. There is the comprehensive approach to the formation of railway economic safety schemes. It is found that railway economic safety enforcement shall be the continuous cyclic process to be regularly improved. There is the scheme of execution sequence of railway economic safety management. It is found that while determining railway economic safety, in whole or in part, of each element, quantitative and qualitative evaluation methods shall be used and combined. There is the calculation of railway economic safety based on the determination of aggregate criterion. It is found that the selection of figures upon certain functional elements shall be made based on any threats.
Technical and economic evaluation of justification for preventing negative effects of feedback in local elements of interaction of rail yards
Authors: Yanovsky Petro , Lytvynenko Sergiy , Lytvynenko Larysa , Tkachenko Volodymyr
Published: October 2019

The operation of rail yards is characterized not only by direct links, but also by feedback in the local elements of interaction, resulting in a violation of interaction conditions between adjacent elements, which causes a negative effect on the state and functioning of the elements. The duration of the track occupation in the arrival yard depends on both its parameters: the marshalling hump and the operation of other elements of the yard located at the arrival yard in the direction of cargo traffic processing. Therefore, when choosing the rational parameters of the rail yards, attention should be paid to the existence of feedbacks in the local elements of interaction and conditions of their negative manifestation should be investigated in order to justify measures to eliminate them. In the article, the issue of improving the customer transport service quality by technical and technological modernization of railway enterprises was studied. Technical and economic evaluation on justification of measures for the elimination of negative effects of feedback in local elements of interaction of the rail yards is presented for practical use.
Logistics and transport in industry 4.0: perspective for Ukraine
Authors: Matyushenko Igor , Berenda Sergiy , Shtal Tatyana , Grigorova-Berenda Larissa
Published: October 2019

The elaboration of the fourth industrial revolution and the process of globalization of the world economy is sine qua non of the successful operation and transformation of logistics. The formation of Logistics 4.0 relies in particular on cutting-edge technologies and the digitalization of business processes. The complexity of the structure of world trade arouses interest to the complete range of logistics services provided within a single company. This logic of development requires the application of interdisciplinary approaches, combined with the efforts of engineers, researchers and those interested in the field of logistics.
Growth Potential of the Market Force of Intermediary Structures
Authors: Kibik Olga , Kotlubay Viacheslav , Khaiminova Iuliia , Belous Kateryna
Published: October 2019

The aim of the study is to determine the extent and prospects development of market potential of intermediary structures using an example of waterway transport enterprises. Economic liberalization, development of international economic activity, fragmentation and distantness of suppliers and buyers as preconditions for development of intermediary business structures are determined. The main factors hindering the development of intermediary activities are identified, for instance, imperfect regulatory framework, insufficient intermediary’s professionalism, insecurity from intermediaries, low level of responsibility to counterparties, general distrust. Transport companies, in particular, the waterway transport enterprises, are identified as intermediaries that have a significant influence for development of individual economic agents and economic systems. Prospects for the development of sustainable mutually beneficial economic relations or the mutual benefit, the availability of effective information flow, a clear definition of roles, rights and obligations of the involved parties, mutual coordination of behaviour of intermediary structures and clients defined as the main conditions for development of effective interaction of intermediary structures of water transport and clients. In the matter of further studies, attention should be paid to improvement of strengthening mechanism for the responsibility of intermediary structures and clients.
Modeling the effects of key threats on the economic security of industrial enterprises
Authors: Shynkar Svitlana , Brynzei Bohdan , Rozumovych Natalia , Kurliak Marian
Published: October 2019

The current business environment of industrial enterprises is characterized not only by the complexity of transformational processes in the national economy, political and social tensions, increased competition from foreign producers and the introduction of protectionist measures from importing countries, etc., but above all the unpredictability of changes in the environment. This aspect should be considered as the cornerstone in the development of a new approach to the formation of a strategy to ensure the economic security of industrial enterprises. The purpose of the study is to examine the theoretical and methodological aspects of the formation and implementation the strategy to ensure the economic security of industrial enterprises in order to create the basis for their safe development.
Enterprise competitiveness in the digital economy
Authors: Sunigovets Olga
Published: October 2019

Digital economy is the direction of innovation, competitiveness and economic development of corporate structures. The rapid development of digital technology covers all areas of socio-economic activity. On the basis of digital technologies, new digital business models are being created, existing operational models are being transformed, and fundamentally new types of business are being formed. Digital capital becomes a factor in business competitiveness. The main factor of economic development is associated with the digital economy. Digital economy contributes to the formation of new business models.
Priority-partnership approach as a mechanism for encouraging investment activities at the railway transport
Authors: Vasyliev Oleg , Volokhov Volodymyr , Volokhova Inna , Lukianova Olena , Zhovtiak Hanna
Published: October 2019

Modern economic conditions and the integration of the national economy into the global economy require structural changes and a search for a new model of relationship between the public and private sectors. The relevance of this article is determined by the fact that the existing scientific concepts have not formed a general understanding of the theoretical aspects for the implementation of public-private partnership at the railway transport, have not established development priorities and tasks of the state in the implementation of the mechanism of public-private partnership at the railway transport. Realization of the projects capable of maintaining implementation of the development priorities of the railway industry requires significant investments of private business and financial, organizational and legal support of the state. The authors substantiate the necessity of using public-private partnership at the railway transport of Ukraine for solving the most urgent current problem – renewal of the material and technical resources and bringing them in line with the requirements of the leading European countries. The proposed priority-partnership approach and the obtained results open up new opportunities for further research into the solution of the problem regarding the implementation of public-private partnership at the railway transport.
Formation of economic information resources as a basis for raising the level of development of enterprises
Authors: Chobitok Viktoriia , Obydiennova Tetiana , Fandieieva Alina , Cherniaieva Anna
Published: October 2019

The paper discovers the issue of formation of economic information resources, which is a component of increasing the level of development of enterprises. The authors give a description of such concepts as “information”, “information resources”, “information support”, and “economic information resources”. The classification of the concepts of “information” and “information resources” is given separately. It is proved that the main goal of economic information resources is providing the information on ensuring the adoption of effective management decisions at any stage of the company’s life cycle to the company’s managers. The authors suggested the scientific and practical approach for the formation of economic information resources of the enterprise to increase the level of their development. In the work it is proved that availability of reliable and assured economic information resources is the basis of effective sustainable development of enterprises.
Economic activity of enterprises: methodical aspects of assessment
Authors: Davydova Oksana , Chebanova Nataliya , Kashchena Nataliia , Chmil Hanna , Protsenko Valentyna
Published: October 2019

Sustainable development of entrepreneurial structures requires the reformation of existing tools and the search for new effective tools of their economic activity managing. The aim is substantiation of the methodological provisions for assessing the economic activity of enterprises and developing applied recommendations for its improvement. The methodology of the enterprises’ economic activity analysis is developed and the priority vectors of its intensification are identified in the research paper. The results of the research paper show that the determinant of national competitiveness and sustainable development is business decisions and technologies which determine the quantitative and qualitative renewal of individual enterprises potential and the combination of their business strategies with global development priorities. The proposed methodology of enterprises’ economic activity assessment and applied recommendations for its strengthening are scientific basis for the development and implementation of schemes for rapid economic growth.
Economic development of industrial enterprises: motivation-oriented management methods
Authors: Husarov Oleksandr , Antyptseva Olena , Husarov Kyrylo , Yurieva Olga
Published: October 2019

The article explores the main approaches to the concept of “motivation-oriented management”. The importance of applying motivation-oriented management for the economic development of industrial enterprises is proved. It is determined that the economic development of enterprises is an extremely important factor for the development and competitiveness of the state as a whole. It is noted that in present unstable economic conditions, an innovative approach is necessary for the development of industry. The main and secondary processes that arise in the process of introducing motivational activities in the enterprise are described. It is noted that when managing the economic development of an enterprise, one should focus only on improving its condition, which should be confirmed by certain achieved results. It is indicated that the performance indicators of motivation affect all economic indicators of the enterprise, in particular the level of financial development of industrial enterprises. Conclusions are made regarding the feasibility of introducing motivation-oriented management at Ukrainian enterprises for their economic development.
The Influence of Mergers and Acquisitions on Competitiveness of Economies of Countries of the World
Authors: Khaustova Viktoriia , Kolodyazhna Tetyana , Kramarev Hennadii
Published: October 2019

Today, the most important factor which determines the development of the world economy is economic globalization. The article presents a scheme of the interdependence of the processes that determine competitiveness of the country in the context of globalization: CER.1 – the cause-effect relation reflecting the influence of M&A with the participation of national companies on concentration of a national economy; CER.2 – reflecting the impact of concentration of the national economy on its competitiveness; CER.3 – reflecting the impact of intensity of M&A with the participation of national companies on their capitalization; CER.4 – reflecting the impact of the level of national companies’ capitalization on competitiveness of the country. The article puts forward and proves, based on the confirmation of the above mentioned cause-effect relations, the following hypotheses: 1. – merges and acquisitions with the participation of national companies influence concentration of a national economy which in turn determines the level of its competitiveness; 2. – integration with the participation of national companies through implementation of M&A increases their market capitalization, thereby affecting the level of competitiveness of the country. For simulating, the correlation and regression modeling is used. The statistical base of the study comprises a sample of 42 countries of the world.
Problems and prospects of management of investment attractiveness of subjects of business
Authors: Kostyrko Lidiya , Kostyrko Ruslan , Sereda Olena , Chernodubova Eleonora
Published: October 2019

On the basis of the analysis of the scientific views of researchers, the essential characteristics of the category of “investment attractiveness” as an object of management are specified. According to the results of the study of macroeconomic indicators (GDP, gross fixed capital formation, financing of capital investments, financing of innovations, direct foreign investments), the current problems of investment attractiveness in the country are determined. The investment attractiveness of Ukraine is analysed in accordance with the international indices. The sequence of investment attractiveness management of business entities is proposed, where priority is given to the strategies of the financial regulation by the development of business entities. The urgency of the formation of a financial regulation strategy based on an estimation of investment attractiveness is substantiated. The priority directions of increase of investment attractiveness in the framework of realization of the strategy of financial regulation by development of the business entities, which stipulate the choice of sources of financing, optimization of the structure of capital, asset restructuring and financing of innovations are determined.
Theoretical and methodological principles of renewable energy development based on the technologies’ transfer
Authors: Manukhina Marta , Riazanova Nataliia
Published: October 2019

The article deals with the problems of economic provision of renewable energy development in interaction with innovation and technological elements: technology transfer, nanotechnology, intellectual environment for knowledge generation. The system of certain elements interaction in the form of innovation-technology consortium is analysed. The structure and composition of the engineering platform bases of the consortium are determined. Significant effects of nanotechnology projects in the field of renewable energy are formulated. The priority directions of scientific and technical policy in the relevant fields are proposed.
Synthesis of the model of the socio-economic system
Authors: Poliarus Oleksandr , Nazarenko Iryna , Poliakov Yevhen , Lebedynskyi Andrii , Ianushkevych Sergii
Published: October 2019

The identification of the socio-economic system, which includes the scientific and scientific-technical activities of Ukraine, using the three input and output signals, is carried out in the article. The synthesis of the model is based on the minimization of the functional, which is the distance in the functional space with the quadratic metric between the real output signal and the theoretical signal containing the unknown parameters of the system model. These parameters include the system time constant and the coefficients that describe the power transformation function of the nonlinear block. A comparison of real output signals and signals calculated using the linear model of the system with memory and the Hammerstein model for a nonlinear inertial model is carried out. It is shown that the errors of the output signals representation for the quadratic model are less than for the linear one and are different for various output signals. If these errors exceed the allowable ones, it is recommended to change the parameters of the model or the number of members of the power function of the nonlinear block transformation.
Economic and mathematical models of development of the railway tourism
Authors: Pshinko Oleksandr , Martseniuk Larysa , Bobyl Volodymyr , Kakhovska Olena
Published: October 2019

The authors used a complex of mathematical models meant for the optimal investment of the processes of creation and use of the railway transport infrastructure. The specific features of these models are as follows: long-term period of realization of the infrastructure projects, many participants with special interests, which do not always coincide, a lot of factors of uncertainty connected with the choice of quantities of the calculation parameters, etc. The authors created economic-mathematical models of the discrete optimal planning of the railway tourism operations. This takes into account conditions of risks and cooperation, and allows to determine sets of effective routes which are most profitable ones, provided they meet the established demands. The latter includes routes which meet maximum criteria of the net costs under the conditions of the established system of demands for the activity of the tourism operators.
Adaptation of Enterprises to Continuous SocioEconomic Changes in a Region
Authors: Smachylo Valentina , Khalina Veronika , Kolmakova Olena , Ustilovska Anastasiya
Published: October 2019

The article proposes a mathematical model for assessing development of regional resources. The general model includes components which take into account the onset of crises. This model is the basis of the mechanism for assessing socio-economic asymmetry in development of regions.
Assortment Portfolio Price Positioning of a Transnational Corporation in the Ukrainian Market
Authors: Smerichevskyi Serhii , Kniazieva Tetiana , Smerichevska Svitlana , Shevchenko Anna
Published: October 2019

The paper deals with the critical stages of the evolution of theoretical approaches to the positioning strategies content. On this basis, the key approaches to the market positioning processes management formulated. The correlation between the concept of creating consumer value and the price positioning strategy proved. The algorithm of the process of forming and implementing the strategy of assortment portfolio price positioning of a transnational corporation on the Ukrainian market proposed.
3R philosophy for sustaining recreational attractiveness and development of hotel business in Ukraine
Authors: Sushchenko Olena , Prokopishyna Olena , Kozubova Natalia
Published: October 2019

The paper highlights the problem of waste accumulation and ways of its solution. It was established that landfills occupy 7% of the total territory of Ukraine and their area is larger than the area of natural reserve funds. Based on the dynamics of garbage accumulation the paper forecasts increase solid household waste in geometric progression. The article shares experience in field of utilization and waste management and grounds the necessity of separating rubbish into fractions and processing each component that is sold separately on the market. It is proposed to use a systematic approach to waste management in hotel business. The paper justifies the conclusion that only the proliferation of 3R philosophy – Reuse-Reduce-Recycle – in behaviour of tourists and the local population in everyday life will preserve the recreational attractiveness of Ukraine and provide the basis for the development of hotel business.
The company human capital basis in the context of career component
Authors: Sushchenko Olena , Tymoshenko Karyna , Yermachenko Volodymyr , Sushchenko Serhii
Published: October 2019

An industrial enterprise is a complex mechanism, the stability and efficiency of which depends on the influence of many factors, the main among which is the provision of an enterprise with production personnel with appropriate education, qualification level, skills and experience. Consequently, investing in personnel development creates conditions for expanding their competencies in order to ensure the competitiveness of personnel and a high level of enterprise performance. It is precisely the inadequate professional skills of the staff of most enterprises that cause low productivity, lead to significant shortcomings in the system of labour organization and management, and as a result – inefficient work of the enterprise. On the information analytical basis, the concept of a new approach to professional development is formulated as the mutual responsibility of the employee and the organization.
Medizinische Behandlungsmethoden: Was macht sie medizinisch notwendig? Teil I: Medizinische Methoden, medizinische Notwendigkeit und ihre Hauptkriterien
Authors: Raspe Heiner , Friedrich Daniel R. , Harney Anke , Huster Stefan , Schoene-Seifert Bettina
Published: October 2019

Ziel der Studie „Medizinische Notwendigkeit“ (MedN) ist ein unscharfer Begriff. Ziel unseres Projekts ist es, ihn zwischen Medizinethik, Sozialrecht und Sozialmedizin so zu konkretisieren, dass er sich für die Versorgungssteuerung v. a. im Bereich der GKV eignet. In einer ersten Publikation wurde MedN als dreistelliger Begriff identifiziert: Ein bestimmter klinischer Zustand erfordert, um ein bestimmtes medizinisches Ziel zu erreichen, eine bestimmte medizinische Methode. Im folgenden zweiteiligen Text werden Kriterien gesucht und diskutiert, die medizinische Methoden als medizinisch generell notwendig (medn) bestimmen lassen. Dabei werden ein nicht-trivialer klinischer Zustand und ein relevantes, legitimes und erreichbares Behandlungsziel als gegeben vorausgesetzt. Hier präsentieren wir den ersten Teil unserer Überlegungen und Ergebnisse.

Methodik Auf der Basis einer umfangreichen medizinethischen, sozialrechtlichen und sozialmedizinischen Literatur und ausgehend von einem unstrittigen Fall (Thrombolyse bei akutem Schlaganfall) bedienten wir uns generell eines kritisch-rekonstruktiven Vorgehens. Zuerst präzisierten wir den Begriff der „medizinischen Methode“. Wir prüften dann in mehreren interdisziplinären Diskussionsrunden, welche kriteriellen Anleihen wir bei drei Systemen der Versorgungssteuerung machen könnten: bei Methoden zur Entwicklung klinischer Praxisleitlinien als Kompendien von Indikationsregeln, beim nationalen Priorisierungsprogramm des schwedischen Systems der medizinischen Versorgung und beim HTA Core Model des European Networks for Health Technology Assessments als Instrument der Politikberatung.

Ergebnisse Als die 2 „medizinischen“ Hauptkriterien der MedN von medizinischen Methoden bestimmten wir deren generelle klinische Wirksamkeit und deren Nützlichkeit (Nettonutzen). Als drittes – epistemisches – Kriterium ist obligat die jeweilige Evidenzlage zu berücksichtigen. Der Rückgriff auf die Leitlinienentwicklung und das Priorisierungsprogramm führte zu der Frage, ob MedN als binärer oder gradueller Begriff zu fassen ist. In Übereinstimmung mit SGB V plädieren wir dafür, bei der dort unterstellten Dichotomie (medn ja/nein) zu bleiben. Weitere Diskussionen gelten multifaktoriellen MedN-Konstellationen, der Reichweite des MedN-Begriffs und der Variabilität von Evidenzanforderungen.

Schlussfolgerungen Wie immer MedN inhaltlich konkretisiert wird, es erscheint ausgeschlossen, die schließlich zu operationalisierenden und abzuwägenden Kriterien in einen Algorithmus einzustellen. Auf jeder Stufe der Entwicklung eines Programms zur Prüfung medizinischer Methoden auf MedN sind deliberative Anstrengungen unumgänglich.
Aktuelle Projekte: Das Kopfschmerzregister der DMKG
Authors: Ruscheweyh Ruth , Dresler Thomas , Scheidt Jörg , Drescher Johannes , Förderreuther Stefanie
Published: October 2019

Trotz hoher Prävalenz von Kopfschmerzerkrankungen und bedeutender Beeinträchtigung vieler Betroffener ist die Versorgung von Menschen mit häufigen Kopfschmerzen in Deutschland unzureichend. Zur Verbesserung der Versorgung und Erhebung von Daten zur Versorgungs- und Kopfschmerzforschung richtet die Deutsche Migräne- und Kopfschmerzgesellschaft (DMKG) e. V. ein deutschlandweites Kopfschmerzregister ein.

Vor der Erstvorstellung und vor jeder Wiedervorstellung bei einem am Kopfschmerzregister teilnehmenden Arzt werden die Patienten gebeten, Daten zu ihren Kopfschmerzen, aktuellen und bisherigen Behandlungsversuchen sowie Begleiterkrankungen über ein Patientenportal einzugeben. Ein Kopfschmerzkalender wird über die DMKG-App bereitgestellt. Während der Vorstellung stehen dem Arzt die vorab erhobenen Patientendaten zur Unterstützung einer strukturierten Anamnese und Behandlungsplanung zur Verfügung; sie können ergänzt, geändert oder bestätigt werden. In anonymisierter Form werden die Daten in eine Auswertungsdatenbank überführt, die für wissenschaftliche Auswertungen zur Versorgungs- und allgemeinen Kopfschmerzforschung genutzt werden kann. Das Kopfschmerzregister wird voraussichtlich im 4. Quartal 2019 starten.
Epidemiologie von Kopfschmerzen über die Lebensspanne
Authors: Straube Andreas , Ruscheweyh Ruth
Published: October 2019

Epidemiologische Daten sind in den letzten Jahren zunehmend in den Fokus des medizinischen Interesses gerückt, da sie neben der Abschätzung der für die Behandlung der Erkrankung notwendigen Ressourcen auch Hinweise auf ätiologische oder pathophysiologische Zusammenhänge geben können. Für die Erkrankungen aus dem Gebiet der primären Kopfschmerzen gibt es seit Anfang 2000 aussagekräftige Studien, die fast ausschließlich als Querschnittserhebungen konzipiert waren. Die 12-Monats-Prävalenz für Kopfschmerzen allgemein liegt in Deutschland bei ca. 60 %, wobei Kinder und Jugendliche genauso betroffen sind wie Erwachsene. Die Prävalenz der Migräne liegt im Mittel über alle Studien bei etwa 10 %, die des Spannungskopfschmerzes bei ca. 16 % bis 18 % und für den Clusterkopfschmerz bei 0,1 % bis 0,2 %. Ein Zusammenhang von Kopfschmerzen und subjektiv erlebten Stress lässt sich für alle Altersgruppen nachweisen. Belastbare Daten zum Einfluss von Therapien, Lebensstilmodifikationen und genetischer Faktoren fehlen. In der Zukunft ist zu hoffen, dass entsprechende Langzeitbeobachtungen durchgeführt werden.
Hashimoto-Thyreoiditis – Hype oder ernst zu nehmendes Krankheitsbild?
Authors: Gärtner Roland
Published: October 2019

Die Hashimoto-Thyreoiditis ist definiert als manifeste Hypothyreose mit lymphozytärer Infiltration der Schilddrüse und Nachweis spezifischer Antikörper und Struma. Erhöhte Antikörper allein stellen lediglich ein Risiko für eine mögliche Schilddrüsenfunktionsstörung dar, aber noch keine Krankheit. Die häufig nicht ganz einfach zu stellende Diagnose wird erschwert durch die vielfältige, unspezifische Symptomatik. Von entscheidender Bedeutung dafür ist die korrekte Interpretation der Laborwerte. Wenn sich trotz Hormonsubstitution keine Beschwerdebesserung einstellt, muss die Diagnose infrage gestellt und erneut nach den Ursachen gesucht werden. Lebensstilfaktoren und ausreichende Selenspiegel sollten bei der Behandlung mitberücksichtigt werden.
Therapieresistente und -refraktäre Hypertonie
Authors: Düsing Rainer
Published: October 2019

Als therapieresistent werden Patienten bezeichnet, die unter Allgemeinmaßnahmen und einer angemessenen medikamentösen Therapie mit mindestens 3 antihypertensiven Substanzen aus unterschiedlichen Wirkstoffgruppen inklusive eines Diuretikums keinen Blutdruckabfall auf Werte < 140/90 mmHg erreichen. Eine erweiterte Definition der Therapieresistenz umfasst alle Patienten mit ≥ 4 Medikamenten unabhängig vom Blutdruck unter Therapie. Als „therapierefraktär“ werden einem neueren Konsensus zufolge Patienten bezeichnet, deren Blutdruck mit ≥ 5 Medikamenten inklusive des Thiazid-artigen Diuretikums Chlortalidon und des Mineralokortikoidrezeptor-Antagonisten Spironolacton unkontrolliert bleibt. Nach Ausschluss einer „Pseudoresistenz“, insbesondere infolge Praxishypertonie und Non-Adhärenz mit der medikamentösen Therapie, können die Patienten identifiziert werden, bei denen eine „echte“ oder „wirkliche“ Therapieresistenz vorliegt. Vor Ausschluss einer Pseudoresistenz sollte daher der Begriff „apparente“ Resistenz verwandt werden. Die Prävalenz der apparenten Therapieresistenz dürfte in dem Bereich 10 – 15% der behandelten Patienten liegen. Die exakte Prävalenz der wirklichen Therapieresistenz bleibt bei unzureichender Studienlage weiterhin unklar. Bei hohen Raten pseudoresistenter Patienten ist die Prävalenz der wirklichen Therapieresistenz jedoch als klein einzuschätzen. Hinzu kommen hohe Raten von sekundären Hypertonieformen bei diesen selektionierten Patienten. Nach deren Identifizierung sollte bei der Mehrzahl der wirklich therapieresistenten Patienten therapeutisch eine Intensivierung der medikamentösen Therapie primär durch eine verstärkte diuretische Therapie initiiert werden. Die resistente Hypertonie ist damit primär eine diagnostische Herausforderung, die in der Identifizierung der Patienten mit wirklicher Therapieresistenz und dem Nachweis/Ausschluss einer sekundären Hypertonieform besteht.
Aktuelle Therapie der Psoriasisarthritis
Authors: Köhm Michaela , Behrens Frank
Published: October 2019

Die Psoriasis Arthritis tritt klinisch als heterogene Erkrankung mit phänotypisch sehr variabler Ausprägung auf. Neben der Beteiligung von Haut und Gelenken, manifestiert sich die Erkrankung mit enthesialem, axialem und extra-muskuloskelettalen Erscheinungsbild. Verschiedene Empfehlungen zur Auswahl und Steuerung der geeigneten Therapie stehen zur Behandlung zur Verfügung. Hierbei finden die Empfehlungen der European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) und die der Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) national und international in der Routine Anwendung. Beide Empfehlungen stehen seit 2016 in der aktuellen Version zur Verfügung, beide werden derzeit aktualisiert, um den umfangreichen Entwicklungen in diesem Indikationsfeld Rechnung zu tragen. Spezielle deutsche Therapieempfehlungen fehlen derzeit noch. Neue Therapieoptionen, die gezielt unterschiedliche Targets adressieren, bieten Möglichkeiten einer differenzierten medikamentösen Behandlung zur Verbesserung der Versorgung der PsA-Patienten, v. a. mit Fokus auf personalisierte Strategien zur optimalen Behandlung verschiedener Manifestationsformen und -muster.
Rheumaschub durch Nahrungsmittel?
Authors: Stange Rainer
Published: October 2019

Können bestimmte Nahrungsmittel Rheumaschübe auslösen und kann man sie erkennen und vermeiden? – Die Erfahrungen und die Forschung sind noch nicht so weit, dass sichere Aussagen dazu gemacht werden können
Clinical Features and isokinetic Parameters in Assessing Injury Risk in elite Football Players
Authors: Liporaci Rogério F. , Saad Marcelo , Grossi Debora Bevilaqua , Riberto Marcelo
Published: October 2019

Football players frequently face the occurrence of non-contact injuries. Although there are likely multiple factors that contribute to increased risk of non-contact injury, it remains a challenge to correlate all these factors. However, it is not clear how much of individual training abilities may interfere in these events. As such, the primary aim of the present study was to determine whether the reduction of functional performance of the thigh in the isokinetic knee tests, anthropometric and morbid history can establish risk factors for lower-limb musculoskeletal injuries throughout the season. The incidence of injuries and odds ratios were calculated for suspected risk factors. Hamstring/Quadriceps conventional ratio outside of the safety range (55–64%) may be involved in the occurrence of non-contact muscle injuries and the risk for any musculoskeletal injuries in the lower extremities is 16 times higher when extensor peak of torque exceeds 10% and 12 times higher when flexor peak of torque difference was greater than 10%. This kind of evaluation can result in intervention programs that may decrease the risk of lower-limb musculoskeletal injuries. Based on these results we can establish a specific and individualized exercise program for each athlete and thus protect them during the season.
Microsurgical Gross Total Resection of Foramen Magnum Meningioma via Far Lateral Approach
Authors: Sayyahmelli Sima , Başkaya Mustafa K.
Published: October 2019

Foramen magnum meningiomas are one of the most challenging tumors for skull base neurosurgeons due to their proximity to critical neurovascular structures. The far-lateral approach demonstrated here facilitates access to lesions involving the anterior portion of the foramen magnum.

In this video, we present a 62-year-old woman with hand numbness and weakness. The patient had significant difficulty in fine motor movements of both hands. In the neurological examination, she had a significant right-hand intrinsic muscle weakness and mild quadriparesis.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a dural-based homogeneously enhancing extra-axial mass in the anterior foramen magnum with a significant mass effect on the brain stem and the upper cervical cord. The decision was made to proceed with a far lateral transcondylar skull base approach including partial C1 laminectomy.

The surgery and postoperative course were uneventful. The postoperative MRI showed gross total resection of the mass. The histopathology indicated a WHO (World health Organization) grade-I meningioma. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful. She improved to normal neurological function within several weeks and continues to do well without recurrence at 20 months' follow-up.

In this video, we demonstrated important steps for the microsurgical resection of these challenging lesions.

The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/_nuX2Y7YU9w.
Microtensile and Microshear Bond Strength of an Antibacterial Self-Etching System to Primary Tooth Dentin
Authors: Yıldırım Sibel , Tosun Gül , Koyutürk Alp Erdin , Ṣener Yaḡmur , Ṣengün Abdulkadir , Özer Füsun , Imazato Satoshi
Published: October 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the bonding ability of antibacterial bonding system to primary dentin was not different from the parental material which did not contain any antibacterial component.

Methods: Extracted human non-carious primary molars were ground to expose the coronal dentin, and then randomly divided into two experimental groups: treatment with Clearfil Protect Bond or with Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray Medical Inc.). Composite-dentin sticks with a cross-sectional area of approximately 0.90 mm2 were prepared and subsequently subjected to microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and microshear bond strength (μSBS) tests. For the μTBS tests, specimens were attached to an Instron testing machine with a cyanoacrylate adhesive. For μSBS testing, the sticks were mechanically fixed to the μSBS testing apparatus. The bonds were stressed in shear or tension at a crosshead speed of 1mm/min until failure occurred. Resin-dentin interfaces produced by each system were examined using SEM. The data were analyzed with Mann-Whitney’s U test.

Results: The μTBS and μSBS of Clearfil Protect Bond were 30.69±9.71 and 9.94±3.78 MPa, respectively. Clearfil SE Bond showed significantly greater values of 37.31±9.57 and 12.83±3.15 MPa, respectively. SEM analysis demonstrated similar micro-morphological features including the thickness of the hybrid layer for both materials.

Conclusions: It was showed that antibacterial self-etching system Clearfil Protect Bond showed lower bond strength values compared to primary dentin than that of to Clearfil SE Bond on primary dentin. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:11-17)
Cortical Pressure Injury: A Hypothesis to Explain the Incongruity of Clinical and Radiologic Improvement in Decompressive Craniectomy
Authors: Sengupta Sudip Kumar , Bhatoe Harjinder Singh
Published: October 2019

It has astonished neuroscientists since the advent of decompressive craniectomy as to why a seemingly successfully achieved goal of reduction in intracranial pressure (ICP), by removing a portion of the cranial vault and the resultant intracranial volume augmentation, fails to give the desired beneficial clinical outcome in every case and in fact, at times, proves to be deleterious in some conditions with a shared problem of refractory raised ICP. The authors propose a hypothesis based on the understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the brain that can explain the fallacy.
Band structure engineering of chemically tunable LnSbTe (Ln = La, Ce, Pr)
Authors: Weiland Ashley , Chaparro David G. , Vergniory Maia G. , Derunova Elena , Yoon Jiho , Oswald Iain W. H. , McCandless Gregory T. , Ali Mazhar , Chan Julia Y.
Published: October 2019

The ZrSiS family of compounds has garnered interest as Dirac nodal-line semimetals and offers an approach to study structural motifs coupled with electronic features, such as Dirac crossings. CeSbTe, of the ZrSiS/PbFCl structure type, is of interest due to its magnetically tunable topological states. The crystal structure consists of rare earth capped square nets separating the magnetic Ce–Te layers. In this work, we report the single crystal growth, magnetic properties, and electronic structures of LnSb1−xBixTe (Ln = La, Ce, Pr; x ∼ 0.2) and CeBiTe, adopting the CeSbTe crystal structure, and the implication of tuning the electronic properties by chemical substitution.
Carnivory in euros, inland wallaroos (Macropus robustus erubescens)
Authors: Leggett Keith E. A. , Stubbs-Oliver Amoi , Brun Matthew L. , Dawson Terence J.
Published: October 2019

This paper reports on an observation of carnivorous scavenging by euros (inland wallaroos) (Macropus robustus erubescens) at Fowlers Gap in western New South Wales. We believe this to be the first sighting of a euro feeding on another macropod.
The contribution of host cell-directed vs. parasite-directed immunity to the disease and dynamics of malaria infections
Authors: Wale Nina , Jones Matthew J. , Sim Derek G. , Read Andrew F. , King Aaron A.
Published: October 2019

Hosts defend themselves against pathogens by mounting an immune response. Fully understanding the immune response as a driver of host disease and pathogen evolution requires a quantitative account of its impact on parasite population dynamics. Here, we use a data-driven modeling approach to quantify the birth and death processes underlying the dynamics of infections of the rodent malaria parasite,Plasmodium chabaudi, and the red blood cells (RBCs) it targets. We decompose the immune response into 3 components, each with a distinct effect on parasite and RBC vital rates, and quantify the relative contribution of each component to host disease and parasite density. Our analysis suggests that these components are deployed in a coordinated fashion to realize distinct resource-directed defense strategies that complement the killing of parasitized cells. Early in the infection, the host deploys a strategy reminiscent of siege and scorched-earth tactics, in which it both destroys RBCs and restricts their supply. Late in the infection, a “juvenilization” strategy, in which turnover of RBCs is accelerated, allows the host to recover from anemia while holding parasite proliferation at bay. By quantifying the impact of immunity on both parasite fitness and host disease, we reveal that phenomena often interpreted as immunopathology may in fact be beneficial to the host. Finally, we show that, across mice, the components of the host response are consistently related to each other, even when infections take qualitatively different trajectories. This suggests the existence of simple rules that govern the immune system’s deployment.
Porous high-Tc superconducting cuprates: Advantages and applications
Authors: Koblischka M. R. , Koblischka-Veneva A. , Pavan Kumar Naik S. , Gokhfeld D. , Murakami M.
Published: October 2019

Porous high-T
c superconducting cuprates are promising materials representing an alternative preparation route to enable the fabrication of large-scale, light-weight superconducting samples. There are several advantages of such samples including the much easier (and faster) oxygenation process, a simpler scalability to produce large samples, and of course, the reduced weight. Two different types of such samples were prepared in the literature: (i) Superconducting foams, prepared using polyurethane foams converted to green phase foams followed by an infiltration growth (IG) process. (ii) Superconducting nanowire networks prepared by spinning from sol-gel precursors. Such fabric-like nanowire networks are extremely light-weight, but show very interesting properties. We discuss the properties of such samples concerning both the physical parameters and the respective microstructures and give an overview about possible applications.
Simulation of vortex lattice melting in a dirty square superconducting plate
Authors: Kusafuka Takashi , Kato Masaru , Sato Osamu
Published: October 2019

Vortex lattice melting in a dirty mesoscopic square superconducting plate is studied using the molecular dynamics (MD) method. We include an impurity potential in the MD method and investigate vortex number and impurity number dependences of the melting transition temperature. We find strong vortex number dependence and weak pinning potential dependence of the melting temperature.
Time evolution of the vortex configuration associated with dynamic ordering detected by dc drive
Authors: Maegochi S , Dobroka M , Ienaga K , Kaneko S , Okuma S
Published: October 2019

When a periodic shear force with a small amplitude dinp
is applied to vortex assemblies having a random distribution, the vortices gradually self-organize to avoid future collisions and transform into an organized configuration. We showed recently that this random-organization or dynamic-ordering process can be detected from the time-evolution of voltage V(t) that increases to a steady-state voltage. We also showed from the subsequent readout experiment of V(t) using various ac amplitudes d that the transient vortex configuration during random organization is not microscopically homogeneous but consists of the disordered and organized regions. In this work, we develop an alternative readout method using a dc drive. It is found that the dc method gives the same results as obtained from the ac one, which further supports our view of the coexistence regions. It is expected that both methods will be applied complementarily to detect the vortex configuration over a wide range of disorder.
Superconducting properties of (Y1−xEux)Ba2Cu3Oy-coated conductors prepared via trifluoroacetate–metalorganic deposition
Authors: Sato M , Nakaoka K , Ibi A , Machi T , Izumi T
Published: October 2019

In order to investigate the effect of the partial substitution of Y by Eu on the superconducting properties of REBa2Cu3O
y
(RE: rare earth) films, we fabricated trifluoroacetete-metalorganic deposited Y1-x
Eu
x
Ba2Cu3O
y
, (x = 0.1, 0.23 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) films on metallic substrates with optimal crystallization conditions. The optimized crystallization conditions for fabricating Y1-x
Eu
x
Ba2Cu3O
y
coated conductors with high x composition are relatively high crystallization temperature and low oxygen pressure comparing with YBa2Cu3O
y
. The films with high χ exhibit a high critical temperature, irreversible fields, and high critical current density in the high-magnetic region at 77 K. However, the superiority on the critical current density of the films with high χ in self and low fields at 77 K is not necessary conformed. This behavior might be explained by the influence of the melt-growth mode in the film with high x.
Recent Progress of Iron-Based Superconducting Round Wires
Authors: Pyon Sunseng , Tamegai Tsuyoshi , Takano Katsutoshi , Kajitani Hideki , Koizumi Norikiyo , Awaji Satoshi
Published: October 2019

Recent progress of round wires using iron-based superconductors is reviewed. Both transport and magnetic J
c have been enhanced by several techniques such as purification of polycrystalline powders, high-pressure sintering (HIP), and control of drawing and sintering conditions. The present record of transport J
c of round wires is realized when the wire with 122-type compounds is processed at 175 MPa with a value at 4.2 K under 100 kOe being 38 kA/cm2 using (Ba,K)Fe2As2. We also discuss HIP round wires of (Sr,K)Fe2As2 and recently fabricated CaKFe4As4. Details of the optimization of round wires to achieve large J
c values are described.
Measurements of phase shifts in YBCO transmission lines for evaluation of kinetic inductance change
Authors: Ishida R , Goto T , Shimakage H , Takeda M
Published: October 2019

We fabricated a coplanar waveguide (CPW) using high temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7-δ (YBCO) and evaluated its characteristics for the realization of a superconducting parametric amplifier. A YBCO thin film with a film thickness of 200 nm was formed by the PLD method using a YAG laser on a 10 × 10 mm MgO substrate. The YBCO thin films were processed into the CPW shape with a line width of 8 μm, a gap width of 8 μm and a line length of 5 mm by photolithography and sputter etching. Using a network analyzer, phase differences of microwave were measured at dc current bias from 0 mA to 14 mA. From the measurement results, it was found that the phase difference decreased with increasing temperature. In addition, it was found that the phase shifts greatly varied near the superconducting transition temperature at each current bias. We observed a maximum phase difference Δθ of -0.08 rad at a bias current of 14.0 mA, which is the closest to the transition temperature. A parametric gain was estimated to be 0.15 dB from the measured maximum phase difference.