bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Interaction With Software Connectors and the Function of Facade Component in Secure Application Logic
Authors: Nabi Faisal
Published: April 2022

The paper represents a conceptual study of the social interaction model of ATMs by using integration in a UML model-based design for software architecture that deals with the secure component-based software protection and communication patterns through facade based connector. The facade-based connector is developed separately from software components by using the correct contact pattern between components and the required security patterns that encapsulate the connection with other secure connectors. Each secure connector consists of both security architecture and contact patterns. It is constructed as a composite component even though connectors are usually used by component-based software development to encapsulate the mechanisms of communication with components. This paper addresses the security and privacy issues related to social interaction with the ATM model that may also be encapsulated in the software application logic through a secure facade based connector that is known as a security in a connector based social e-commerce B2c application
The Relationship of Organizational Ambidexterity and Organizational Virtuousness in the Automobile Industry of India
Authors: Chand Pawan Kumar , Kadel Natwar , Mittal Amit , Mantri Archana
Published: April 2022

The present study measures the impact of organizational ambidexterity on organization virtuousness in the context of the car manufacturing industries in India. 363 employers' representatives were selected from automotive manufacturing car units across India to gain an understanding of their perspectives on handling organizational ambidexterity and virtuousness for new diploma/degree/postgraduate employees. The purposive sampling technique was used. Data were collected using the survey questionnaire method. The collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Organizational ambidexterity has a significant effect on organizational virtuousness, according to the study's results. Exploration orientation and exploitation orientation are two sub-constructs of organizational ambidexterity. Exploratory orientation has shown a dominant significant impact on organizational virtuousness than the exploitation orientation.
A Probe Into Elementary Teachers' Pedagogical Trials in Indian Subcontinent During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kundu Arnab , Mondal Gourish Chandra , Mandal Arpita , Bej Tripti
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study was to analyze learning scenarios at the elementary stage during the COVID-19 pandemic among seven countries in the Indian subcontinent. The problems teachers have been facing, their responses to these pandemic exigencies, and their basic concerns to resolve. This has been an exploratory study. Qualitative data was collected using purposive sampling via different social media groups using an internet survey as an instrument from forty-nine teachers teaching elementary students. Findings revealed that education delivery has undergone a dissatisfying dramatic change across this region during the time. Especially with the e-penetration in pedagogy. Trials and triumphs faced by teachers and perceived changes in behavior among students were worth exploring to initiate steps for comfortable learning space. The analysis evolved four major themes - challenges of online pedagogy, suggestion for improvement, concerns about students, and pedagogical needs.
Use of different spray volumes and hydraulic nozzles in air-assisted electrostatic insecticide application technologies to control coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei) populations
Authors: Zampiroli Renan , Parenti Matheus Vilhena , Alvarenga Cleyton Batista de , Celoto Fernando Juari , Cunha João Paulo Arantes Rodrigues da , Rinaldi Paula Cristina  Natalino
Published: April 2022

Chemical control is essential for efficient pest management in coffee crops. Application technologies should safely deliver insecticides to the target whilst protecting the environment, insecticide applicators, and consumers. To achieve these goals, application volumes, hydraulic nozzles, and application techniques should be evaluated. This study assessed the biological efficiency of different spray volumes and spray nozzles used to apply insecticides to control coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei) populations. We applied insecticides using a hydropneumatic sprayer with and without an electrostatic spraying system. The experiment followed a randomized block factorial design (2 × 2 + 1) and included two types of spray nozzles [a hollow cone spray nozzle (JA1) and a hollow cone spray nozzle with air induction (TVI)], two spray volumes (200 and 400 L ha-1), one additional treatment (SPE2 nozzle with a 200 system 200 L ha-1), and six replicates. We assessed the control efficiency of the different application methods by evaluating the percentage of fruits damaged 20 and 40 days after the date of application. The spray volume did not affect the biological efficiency of pest control, and the lower spray volume (200 L ha-1) was effective in the control of coffee berry borers. Application of insecticides using coarse droplets was more efficient than the application using very fine and fine droplets. The TVI hydraulic spray nozzle effectively controlled coffee berry borers at 200 and 400 L ha-1. The electrostatic application system performed similarly to the conventional system in terms of the control of the coffee berry borers, and was less efficient than the conventional system under some operational conditions.
Goat kids fed diets containing castor cake detoxified: II. Nitrogen balance, hepatic and renal function
Authors: Araújo Ricardo Alves de , Pompeu Roberto Cláudio Fernandes Franco , Rogério Marcos Cláudio Pinheiro , Cândido Magno José Duarte , Neiva José Neuman Miranda
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of completely replacing soybean meal (SM) with castor cake detoxified (DCC) with two alkaline products on the nitrogen balance and hepatic and renal function in goat kids. Goat kids of two breeds, Saanen and Anglo Nubian, with an initial body weight of 16.2 ± 0.67 kg, and confined during the growth phase, were used. The treatments consisted of three diets: one based on SM and the other two based on castor cake detoxified with Ca(OH)2 or NaOH. Twenty-four goats kids were distributed in a completely randomized design using a 3 x 2 factorial scheme (diet x breed) with four replicates per combination. The experimental period lasted for 270 days. Consumed nitrogen, fecal nitrogen, urinary nitrogen, retained nitrogen, and nitrogen balance were influenced (p < 0.05) by diets. There was significant effect of diets (p < 0.05) on creatinine, direct bilirubin, urea, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase blood levels, however without any negative changes involving renal or hepatic dysfunction. Inclusion of castor cake in the diet of goats kids in confinement is an attractive option, considering that goats kids use does not cause hepatic and renal alterations, suggesting that SM can be completely replaced. NaOH DCC stands in the substitution of soybean meal, because in spite of decreasing the consumption of nitrogen provides the same retention of soybean meal.
Impacts of the biological invasion by Ricinus communis L. on the native biota of the Atlantic Forest, Aracaju, Sergipe State, Brazil
Authors: Silva Francielly Oliveira da , Fabricante Juliano Ricardo
Published: April 2022

The existence of environmental disturbances is an important facilitating factor to the establishment of biological invasions (BI). Biological invasions are considered the second biggest threat to the planet's biodiversity, behind only anthropic actions such as deforestation and habitat fragmentation. Thus, all environments are subjected to biological invasions, including Conservation Units (CU). The objective of the work was to evaluate the impacts of the exotic invasive Ricinus communis L. on the native biota of the Morro do Urubu Environmental Protection Area, Aracaju, Sergipe State, Brazil. Plots were allocated in places invaded by exotic invasive and in non-invaded places. Within the sample units, the number of individuals of each species present was counted. With these data, the statistics of the present study were performed. In the plots plotted on the non-invaded sites, 28 species were found. In the plots plotted on the invaded sites, only three species were sampled, among them the exotic invader studied, which showed to be the most abundant taxon in the area. In total, 75 individuals were counted in the invaded sites, of which 72 were from R. communis. In the non-invaded sites, 210 individuals. The average number of species was statistically higher in the plots where the exotic invader was removed, while from the second reading and remained until the eighth reading, the same happened for the average number of individuals. The results of this study showed the impacts caused by invasive exotic Ricinus communis on the composition, richness, diversity and resilience of an invaded Atlantic Forest area.
Memory and retrospective reports of totally selfless states of consciousness
Authors: Lin Ying-Tung
Published: April 2022

The debate about the necessary involvement of any form of self-consciousness in conscious experience has recently shifted its focus to the question of whether there are totally selfless states of consciousness (TSSC). The primary source of evidence for the existence of TSSC is the subjective reports from subjects who either are currently undergoing or have undergone altered experiences such as drug-induced ego dissolution. While the subjective reports are made largely after the occurrence of the experience, such reports have been challenged on the basis that one cannot coherently report about TSSC from one’s own, autobiographical memory. This paper addresses this issue regarding TSSC from the perspective of memory study. The aim is to examine whether and how it is possible for a subject to report a past TSSC based on her own memory without being considered as confabulating or misremembering. Such an examination can provide potential explanations for how a person reports a past experience of TSSC
In a sentimental mood: memories as treasured objects
Authors: Schechtman Marya
Published: April 2022

It is common for people to view memories as ‘treasured objects’ or ‘cherished possessions’. Great care is taken to preserve such memories via scrapbooks, photo albums, or mementos. Despite the widespread nature of this phenomenon in human life, it has received little attention in recent philosophical discussions of personal identity. In this essay I consider the nature of these memories, asking what kinds of memories hold this status and why they are so highly treasured. I argue that at least one version of this phenomenon involves memories of autobiographically significant events that are experientially rich and evoke complex, multi-valanced affect. I then investigate the way in which such memories can be connected to a sense of personal identity and continuity, which explains their value. The conclusions reached are preliminary, and directions for further development are discussed
O tradutor cleptomaníaco: uma reflexão borgeana acerca do conto de Dezso Kosztolányi
Authors: Gonçalves Davi Silva
Published: April 2022

O meu propósito, neste trabalho, é o de estabelecer um paralelo entre a literatura e a ideia da originalidade, pelo viés da tradução. Para tal fim, analiso o conto ‘O tradutor cleptomaníaco’ (2016), do escritor austro-húngaro Dezso Kosztolányi. De modo a amparar a minha análise literária do conto supracitado, trago reflexões pontuais de Jorge Luis Borges em nove de seus pequenos contos e ensaios publicados nas coletâneas: História universal da infâmia (1982), Outras inquisições (2007), Ficções (2007), O Aleph (2008) e ‘O livro de areia’ (2009). Além desses livros, trago também o conto ‘A memória do mundo’ (2007), de Italo Calvino. O ingrediente comum que justifica a seleção de tais fontes, e que conduz uma discussão sobre a tarefa do tradutor, se refere à memória, à gênese e ao (re)nascimento. Tendo, além disso, o conceito de mito da origem como fio ontológico que interliga esses textos, analiso se e como ‘O tradutor cleptomaníaco’ (Kosztolányi, 2016) pode contribuir para essa reflexão acerca da originalidade. Os resultados finais de minha análise apontam na direção de um conceito de tradução que, essencialmente, implica uma redução necessária – uma condensação do sentido dentro daquele sentido formado pela decodificação particular do leitor tradutor.
Use of the cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis in cattle wastewater bioremediation
Authors: Souza Denise Salvador de , Valadão Romulo Cardoso , Nascentes Alexandre Lioi , Silva Leonardo Duarte Batista da , Vieira de Mendonça Henrique
Published: April 2022

In the present study, the microalga Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira) was grown in two horizontal photobioreactors (HPBR) under two different irradiances (150 and 270 μmol m-2 s-2). Anaerobically digested cattle wastewater (ACWW) was used as substrate. The experiment was carried out in batches for a period of 8 days. The maximum specific growth rate of 0.347 day-1 and the doubling time of 2.08 days were obtained under the highest illumination of the culture. Dry biomass production reached maximum values between 2.17 g L-1 and 6.52 g L-1, with volumetric biomass productivities between 0.0812 and 0.5578 g L-1 day-1. Productivity per area was equal to 47.97 g m-2 d-1, which is the highest value recorded compared to those found in the literature consulted. As for CO2 biofixation, relevant values for reducing this gas in the atmosphere were obtained, ranging from 128.52 to 882.36 mg L-1 day-1. In terms of organic matter, 16.3-77% of BOD5 and 12.6-61.6% of COD were reduced. In the reduction of TS, TSS and VSS, values of 71.3-78.5%, 79.5-84.4% and 87.0-88.3%, respectively, were reached. NH4+ reduction was 32.5-98.3%, organic nitrogen reduction was 20.3-95.9% and total phosphorus reduction was 33.5-89.9%. The reductions of thermotolerant coliforms were between 71.7% and 99.9%. In view of the results found, it can be considered that the bioremediation of the effluent reached promising efficiencies, with the advantage of producing biomass with potential to obtain bioproducts of relevant economic value
Assessment of drought stress in arid olive groves using HidroMORE model
Authors: Sghaier Abderrahman , Dhaou Hanen , Jarray Lassaad , Abaab Zouhair , Sekrafi Ahmed , Ouessar Mohamed
Published: April 2022

The olive tree is well known for being adapted to the arid conditions of the Mediterranean basin. However, prolonged drought periods which are expected to become more frequent because of climate change could result in severe water stress. In order to map the spatial distribution of drought stress in the olive groves in the arid regions of southeastern Tunisia (governorate of M denine), we made recourse to the HidroMORE model (based mainly on FAO56 ET, NDVI from Sentinel 2 images and other physical parameters) to compute the water balance in a GIS environment. The outputs were compared to in situ soil water content measurements in four selected sites representing the various agro-ecological zones (mountains, piedmont, inner plain and coast) of the study site during the observation period from January 2016 to December 2019. The model outputs performed relatively well (the overall correlation coefficient R2=0.72; index of agreement IA=0.76). The simulation results show that during normal years or average droughts, the water stress is least in the mountain and piedmont zones because of the additional runoff water supplied by the traditional water harvesting structures (Jessour and Tabias) and in the coastal zone, thanks to the higher air humidity and rainfall. In contrast, the olives in the inner plains are the most affected. Nevertheless, in case of severe droughts, the stress is generalised. Thus, the model could be used as a decision tool for prioritizing areas of intervention for drought control and mitigation (supplemental irrigation for trees safeguard, etc.)
Determinazione e accertamento della morte cerebrale. Panorama storico
Authors: Puca Antonio
Published: April 2022

Il dibattito sulla determinazione della morte è legato ancora oggi alla questione dei trapianti d'organo. L'excursus storico mostra come, a partire dalla definizione di "coma dèpassé" di Mollaret e Goulon nel1959 e di "irreversible coma" dell"'Ad hoc Committee of the Harvard Medical School" del 1968, si sia introdotta non solo tra le categorie mediche e professionali, ma anche nella quasi totalità delle legislazioni nazionali la concezione della "morte cerebrale" come sufficiente e necessaria per il prelievo degli organi "ex cadavere" per i trapianti. Questa rassegna mostra pure la differenziazione tra la concezione della "whole brain death", sostenuta dalla President's Cormmission e dalla maggioranza delle nazioni europee e di altri contesti geografici e culturali, e la concezione della "brain stem death", codificata nel Regno Unito, in Canada ed in Australia.
Autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells for the treatment of lower extremity lymphedema: a preliminary report
Authors: Bellisi Mario
Published: April 2022

Lymphedema is a chronic devastating disease characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the extremities, tissue progressive changes such as adipose tissue deposition and fibrosis. To restore the functionality and structural integrity of the damaged lymphatic vessels, autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) was implanted in 3 sessions, 4 weeks apart, in the affected limb. Each patient was followed for 6 months, monitoring changes in the limb volume. Lymphangiogenesis was evaluated by lymphoscintigraphy, and the monitoring of quality of life. A rapid reduction in the volume of the limbs was observed:  24.5% of volume reduction after the first implant, 18.5% after the second, and 15.3% at 6 months after the third (p<0.05 vs baseline).

Lymphoscintigraphy showed a hyper fixation of the tracer along the ipsilateral iliac axis not appreciable at baseline. Implants of autologous PBMNC in patients with primary lower limb lymphedema seems to be a feasible, effective therapy option.
Sclerotherapy of sciatic nerve varices
Authors: Bressan Maddalena
Published: April 2022

Sciatic nerve varices (SNV) represent an infrequent presentation of varicose veins. They are usually not recognised and may present only with chronic sciatic pain with few varicosities. On clinical examination, sciatic pain can be reproduced by finger-pressing the superficial varicose veins at their point of connection with the SNV. These varices are then confirmed by duplex ultrasonography. We herein report a case of a 78-years-old woman affected by symptomatic SNV, treated by echo-guided Tessari foam sclerotherapy (EGFSCL) with immediate relief of the sciatic pain. Reflux through the sciatic veins, as the connected superficial varicose veins, disappeared completely and not any complications have emerged. EGFSCL seems to be both safe and effective, so representing a reliable and minimally invasive treatment for this disturb.
Lipid Variability and Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Lee Jeongmin , Lee Seung-Hwan
Published: April 2022

Diabetic dyslipidemia is characterized by hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL (high-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol, elevated LDL (low-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol, and predominance of small dense LDL particles caused by insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes or insulin deficiency in type 1 diabetes. Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in diabetes, and lowering lipid levels can reduce its morbidity and mortality. Current guidelines for dyslipidemia management recommend that the LDL-C goal be lower than 55~100 mg/dL depending on the underlying risk factors. However, higher visit-to-visit variability in cholesterol levels might be an independent predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events and poor renal outcomes in diabetes. In this review, we focused on clinical implications of lipid variability in diabetes.
The Effect of Weight Cycling on Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Rhee Eun Jung
Published: April 2022

Dieting has multiple meanings including ‘intentional weight loss’ or ‘a specific eating pattern.’ Although obesity is considered a deleterious health problem worldwide, there are many problems caused by ‘too strict’ weight control and distorted body image ideals. Many people want to lose weight and repeat weight loss and gain multiple times throughout their lives. This is called ‘weight cycling.’ Recent studies report the negative impact of obesity and the danger of weight cycling for cardiometabolic health. Many experimental studies show that weight cycling can cause fluctuations in cardiovascular risk factors, such as blood pressure, heart rate, sympathetic activity, and circulating levels of glucose, lipids, and insulin. These repeated fluctuations during periods of weight regain put additional stress on the cardiovascular system. This study reviews current evidence for the effects of weight cycling on diabetes mellitus.
Integration with respect to Baire vector measures with applications to the spectral theory
Authors: Nowak Marian
Published: April 2022

Let

X

be a completely regular Hausdorff space and

C_b(X)

the space of all bounded continuous scalar functions on

X

, equipped with the strict topology

\beta_\sigma

. We develop a general integral representation theory of

(\beta_\sigma,\xi)

-continuous linear operators from

C_b(X)

to a locally convex Hausdorff space

(E,\xi)

. We present equivalent conditions for a

(\beta_\sigma,\xi)

-continuous operator

T\colon C_b(X) \to E

to be weakly compact. If

(\mathcal{A},\xi)

is a sequentially complete unital locally convex algebra, we establish an integral representation of a

(\beta_\sigma,\xi)

-continuous unital algebra homomorphism

T\colon C_b(X) \to \mathcal{A}

. As an application, we develop spectral theory for operators

T\colon C_b(X) \to \mathcal{L}_s(\mathcal{Y})

, where

\mathcal{L}_s(\mathcal{Y})

denotes the algebra of bounded linear operators of a Banach space

\mathcal{Y}

into itself, equipped with the topology

\tau_s

of simple convergence.
Characterisation of the Tyre Spray Ejected Downstream of a Bluff Automotive Body
Authors: Crickmore Conor James , Garmory Andrew , Butcher Daniel
Published: April 2022

Considerations of surface contamination and airborne spray are becoming increasingly significant throughout the automotive design process. Advanced driver assistance systems, such as autonomous cruise control, are growing in popularity. These systems rely on external sensors, the performance of which may be impaired by both direct obstruction and spray. Existing experimental methods of assessing front-end surface contamination and wiper performance have typically utilised fixed spray-grids positioned upstream of the vehicle. The resulting spray is largely steady in nature, in contrast to the unsteady flow-field and tyre spray that would be produced by preceding vehicles. This paper presents the numerical analysis of the spray ejected downstream of a simplified automotive body. The continuous phase (air) is solved using a DDES-based approach coupled with a Lagrangian representation of the dispersed phase (water). Two configurations are examined, a square-back configuration and a variation employing 20° rear-end side tapers. The inclusion of side tapering results in a significant change in wake topology and the resulting spray cloud. Good agreement is achieved between initial single-phase predictions of the continuous phase and existing experimental data. The spray cloud of both configurations is found to be highly unsteady, driven by vortical structures in the near- and far-wake, and is altered significantly by what are relatively minor changes to the geometry. Proper Orthogonal Decomposition reveals comparable spatial modes in the mass flux field of the dispersed phase and the continuous phase velocity field downstream of the vehicle. However, the correlation between the temporal coefficients of these modes is relatively weak. This highlights the presence of slip effects between the two phases, coming as a result of particle inertia, and the need to consider both phases simultaneously in future studies of spray dynamics.
Perception of daycare center assistants and auxiliaries about the most recurring health injuries in children
Authors:   Evangelical School of Goianésia – FACEG, Goianésia, Goiás, Brazil., Oliveira Maraísa Ritiele Custódio Alves de , Moura Jamille Neves Barbosa ,   Evangelical School of Goianésia – FACEG, Goianésia, Goiás, Brazil., Nascimento Lais Cardoso do ,   Federal University of Goiás – UFG, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil., Araújo Lilhian Alves de ,   Evangelical School of Goianésia – FACEG, Goianésia, Goiás, Brazil., Camisão Agnes Raquel ,   Evangelical School of Goianésia – FACEG, Goianésia, Goiás, Brazil., Cardoso Camila ,   Federal University of Minas Gerais – UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil., Mota Elias Emanuel Silva ,   Evangelical School of Goianésia – FACEG, Goianésia, Goiás, Brazil.
Published: April 2022

The objective of the present study was to identify the diseases that affect the health of children who uses daycare centers in a municipality in Goiás inland, and to point out the conducts performed by the collaborators in early childhood education when detecting them. This is a quantitative, descriptive research, performed in public daycare centers. It was selected a probabilistic sample of daycare centers representing 50% of the institutions. The study population were the assistants and educational auxiliaries, because they are the employees who act directly in the children care. The data collection occurred in only one-step, by signing the ‘Free and Informed Consent Term’ (TCLE) and applying a semi-structured questionnaire, with open and closed questions. The CEP approved the study with the Opinion of Nº: 3.612.776. The Microsoft Excel software, version 2010 transcribed and stored the data. Then, descriptive analyses of the data were performed by using absolute frequency distribution (N) and relative frequency (%). The presence of such diseases was observed: influenza (90%), viruses (74%) and allergies (40%). The present study evidenced that there is an adequate and responsible conduct of the daycare center collaborators when they observe any problems in the children, registering the occurrences in a proper form for this purpose, they communicate the direction of the institution, as well as the parents and guardians, and, administer medication by updated medical prescription. It was concluded that it is of extremely importance the daycare centers maintain control regarding the existence and prevalence of diseases in enrolled and effective children, in order to create strategies for reducing them through health promotion, both for the children and for the collaborators themselves.
Annotation of putative circadian rhythm-associated genes in Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae)
Authors: Reynolds Max , de Oliveira Lucas , Vosburg Chad , Paris Thomson , Massimino Crissy , Norus Jordan , Ortiz Yasmin , Espino Michelle , Davis Nina , Masse Ron , Neiman Alan , Holcomb Rachel , Gervais Kylie , Kemp Melissa , Hoang Maria , Shippy Teresa D. , Hosmani Prashant S. , Flores-Gonzalez Mirella , Pelz-Stelinski Kirsten , Qureshi Jawwad A. , Mueller Lukas A. , Hunter Wayne B. , Benoit Joshua B. , Brown Susan J. , D’Elia Tom , Saha Surya
Published: April 2022

The circadian rhythm involves multiple genes that generate an internal molecular clock, allowing organisms to anticipate environmental conditions produced by the Earth’s rotation on its axis. Here, we present the results of the manual curation of 27 genes that are associated with circadian rhythm in the genome of Diaphorina citri, the Asian citrus psyllid. This insect is the vector for the bacterial pathogen Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), the causal agent of citrus greening disease (Huanglongbing). This disease severely affects citrus industries and has drastically decreased crop yields worldwide. Based on cry1 and cry2 identified in the psyllid genome, D. citri likely possesses a circadian model similar to the lepidopteran butterfly, Danaus plexippus. Manual annotation will improve the quality of circadian rhythm gene models, allowing the future development of molecular therapeutics, such as RNA interference or antisense technologies, to target these genes to disrupt the psyllid biology.
Hand Gesture Controlled Vehicle
Authors: Fulara Naman , Vashistha Nishant , Bhullar Pranveer Singh , Kumari Naresh
Published: April 2022

Gesture controlled vehicle is a type of robot which can operated by human hand movements. The user needs to wear a glove which consists of transmitter and sensors like IR sensor. These sensors help in recording the movement of hand in a desired direction which ultimately results in the motion of robot or vehicle. It will be very easy for user to interact with car or robot more easily due to wire free connectivity. Vehicle can be controlled with the help of accelerometer sensor which is connected to hand glove. This will help the applicant to control the forward, backward and sideways movements. We have made the cross connections of motors which will help in the movement of tyres so that vehicle can take a sharp turn without any difficulty. Hand gesture controlled driverless vehicle is developed with the help of Arduino Nano, three-axis accelerometer, RF transmitter and receiver module..
Business Digital Transformation: A Study to Evaluate the Current Digital Operating Model in Saudi Airlines Company to Realize the Impact of Digital Transformation
Authors: Aljahdaly Ahmed H. , Balubaid Mohammed
Published: April 2022

Nowadays, digital transformation is a must for most organizations. It is a trend and interesting topic for companies across the world. During the past twenty years, technology has not only changed our personal lives but also changed the businesses around the world. Technology became the most important factor to the success and sustainability and the fast revolution of technology is changing the business industries environment and affecting the nature of competition and it is getting more aggressive. Digital transformation is one of the essential programs to achieve the vision of Saudi Arabia 2030. The kingdom has taken real steps towards implementing digital transformation. However, SAUDIA Airlines, the flag carrier and the biggest airline company at Saudi Arabia, has to be digitally transformed to be in-line with industry trends. The challenge is to transform SAUDIA’s entire digital experience into seamless experience to keep up with the competition. MIT-Capgemini digital transformation framework was the base of this study. The framework contains ten factors for successful digital transformation journey. All these factors have been analyzed and discussed. Finally, Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) has been used to prioritize the factors of framework and to define factors’ dependencies among each other.
Significance of Big Data Analytics in Higher Education Institutions of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aljahdali Tareq H. , AL-Malaise AL-Ghamdi Abdullah S.
Published: April 2022

Research is an observatory study addressing the importance of big data analytics in higher education institutions of Saudi Arabia. Quantitative data collection method was deployed to collect data from King Abdulaziz University and then it was analyzed by using PLS-SEM. The study has proven that there is a high requirement of applying big data analytics on the university networks to separate the useable data from the unusable data. This will improve network performance and make the network more stable. The study has contributed to the knowledge base theory significantly.
Implementation of Lean Manufacturing to Improve Air Handling Unit Coil Manufacturing in Saudi Air Conditioning Manufacturing Company (SAMCO)
Authors: Alsayed Salman A.
Published: April 2022

This report aims to improve the production operations of the coils shop of air handling units (AHU) at Saudi Air Conditioning Manufacturing Company (SAMCO) by applying lean manufacturing strategy. The coils shop of AHU experienced several issues which impact negatively on its performance and increase the non-added values. For instance, it suffers from significant amount of scrap, low machines utilization, extra manpower, long machine set up time, and the absence of process safety system. In this report, the required data were collected by three ways; observation, recording and conducting the interviews with the related people. These data were analyzed by a wide range of tools, which are used to apply lean manufacturing such as, value stream mapping, 5S, work standardized, manual handling assessment chart, snook table, one-dimensional cutting optimizer, and mistake proofing. As a result, a significant reduction in the overall cost of coils shops production processes were obtained. For instance, the average machines set up time was reduced by 18 %, number of set up per shift was reduced by 20.8 %, the number of operators was reduced by 26.3 %, the quality of the product was increased and the safety of the processes was enhanced. It is worthy to note the amount of the scrap was dropped by approximately 71 %.
Forecasting and Simulation for Electrical Power System and Load Distribution in Taif – Saudi Arabia
Authors: Taylan Osman E. , Alharthi Zayed A.
Published: April 2022

Monitoring electrical power system and clarifying the way of electricity flow is a difficult task, that might cause electricity cuts because of the increasing loads of grids. In recent years, the observations showed that electric loads in Taif city have increased significantly due to the population growth and large urbanization. These causes require a good monitoring and analyzing system intensively to maintain continuity and reliability of electrical service. Machine learning and dynamic programming approaches will be employed for forecasting the distribution of power load and optimization of Electrical Power System in Taif City to avoid the unexpected problems in electrical network before they have occurred. The other goal is to facilitate monitoring of the electrical power system in Taif city and clarify the electricity flow from Makkah to Taif and then to other neighboring districts. The results and findings of the study will be evaluated using the methods of error calculation and ranking and presented in detail.
Analysis and Optimization for Weight and Stress reduction in Leaf Spring
Authors: Rai Roshan , Pathak Rohit
Published: April 2022

Suspension leaf springs are widely used in automobile systems. The increasing interest of automobile industry in the usage of composite materials in substitute to conventional steel leaf springs owing to higher strength to weight ratio in latter. The past literature survey shows that leaf springs are designed as generalized force elements where the position, velocity and orientation of the axle mounting gives the reaction forces in the chassis attachment positions. The attachment of chassis positions along different positions plus difference in axle mounting’s velocity and orientation, the leaf springs are designed for these force elements. So, it is very important to study the analysis of leaf springs made up of composite materials. Modelling of leaf spring has been done with SOLIDWORKS 20.0 software and analysis has been carried out with ANSYS R19.2. Thus, the comparison of static analysis of these three materials are made and compared for material composites leaf spring. The static testing is done for a load of 50000 N in the rear suspension, also FE analysis is carried out and validated.[1] Von Mises Stress and Total Deformation were found out from this analysis. The conclusion was reached that there was a reduction in both stress and weight when composite material was used rather than conventional steel material. It is an effective energy conservation measure as reduction in overall fuel consumption of automobile is also achieved.
Application of Integrated MCDM Models for Construction Contractors’ Selection at AlQuds University
Authors: Warrad Islam O. , Abdulaal Reda M. , Bafail Omer A.
Published: April 2022

The first step to the success of any construction project at Al-Quds University is to choose the right contractor to construct a project. Therefore, the university’s engineering office must choose the contractors in a correct and practical method. Note that the process of selecting a contractor is a complex and not as simple as it may seem. As the selection of the contractor is subject to several criteria in various respects. Some of these criteria are important, but when compared with others, they become less important in the decision-making process. The importance of these criteria may differ from one project to another. Accordingly, this paper analyzes the current method for selecting contractors at Al-Quds University, studies the criteria and mechanisms for selecting contractors approved by the official authorities, and applies multi-criteria decision-making models that based on AHP-TOPSIS and AHP-MOORA to find the appropriate contractor for Al-Quds University construction buildings. The results from these two models are compared and investigated.
The Influence of Artificial Intelligence on the Productivity and Customer Satisfaction in the Aviation Industry
Authors: Alazahrani Abdulaziz A.
Published: April 2022

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Study on the automated control of a motor vehicle in a test cycle on the chassis dynamometer
Authors:   University Politehnica of Bucharest, ROMANIA, Vilsan Alexandru , Raluca Moisescu Alexandra , Anghelache Gabriel
Published: April 2022

The automatic operation of the pedals of a motor vehicle represents a first stage of the transition from driving without assistance to rolling in completely autonomous mode. This paper presents the construction of an autonomous control system that actuates the acceleration and braking pedals for a passenger car equipped with an automatic transmission. The system allows the completely autonomous rolling of the vehicle on the chassis dynamometer. This type of control has many advantages such as ensuring a good repeatability of the tests performed or improving the safety in the workplace by reducing human involvement. For this type of automation, a PID controller is used, with the input data being the speed required by the WLTC test cycle. The output data is represented by the position of the actuating elements and the feedback of the system is provided by the actual speed of the motor vehicle. In order to determine the actual speed of the motor vehicle, an incremental optical encoder is mounted to the wheel of the vehicle. The position of the acceleration and braking pedals is determined by the position transducers of the actuating elements. The development of the hardware continues with the design of the assembly that supports the two actuators as well as the parts that allow the connection between the pedals and the execution elements. The actual mechanical stress of the hardware is determined using a finite elements analysis, which requires a 3D model of the automated system components. The stability analysis is performed by checking the tilt of the device and the relative slip between the device and the vehicle floor. For control software design, the Arduino programming environment was chosen, being able to perform the automated control between the input and the output data of the drive system with good accuracy and calculation speed.
Coupling Apollo with the CommonRoad Motion Planning Framework
Authors:   Technische Universität München, GERMANY, Wang Xiao , Rettinger Anna-Katharina , Althoff Matthias ,   Ford Motor Company, UNITED STATES, Bin Waez Md Tawhid
Published: April 2022

The development of autonomous vehicles requires extensive testing of software modules. Developing a reliable software platform which allows testing on a real vehicle is yet a challenging task. Therefore, open-source software platforms are becoming more important for researchers in the field of autonomous driving. For example, Baidu provides the open-source autonomous driving platform Apollo which aims to accelerate testing and deployment of autonomous vehicles. However, the complex software structure hinders an easy integration of developed software modules, especially the motion planning module. Moreover, Baidu's Apollo provides only one possibility to test one's own algorithms in simulation, namely to upload the algorithm in Baidu's cloud platform, which is unacceptable for most autonomous driving companies. In contrast, the open-source CommonRoad benchmark suites contain diverse testing scenarios, e.g., highway, urban, dense traffic, and interaction with bicyclists and pedestrians. In addition, CommonRoad provides a motion planning framework in Python which enables rapid planner prototyping, along with additional tools, e.g., efficient collision checker, map format converter, and interface with the traffic simulator SUMO. In this work, we introduce a Python API between the planning module of the Baidu Apollo platform and the CommonRoad software framework. The developed interface aims to bridge the gap between rapid prototyping for safe planning algorithms and real-time test drives. The API transfers perception and map information to the planner and then returns the planned trajectory. The users can either replace the Apollo planner with their own planner or integrate their planner as a fail-safe planner if the planned trajectory by Apollo is unsafe. With our interface, developers can first test their planners in diverse scenarios from the CommonRoad benchmark, and directly on a real vehicle afterwards using the Apollo platform. The latter can be performed without adapting their algorithms to Apollo software structures. Moreover, developers can record their test drives in CommonRoad format for offline analyses. We demonstrate our interface in several scenarios with increasing complexity.
Evaluating Autonomous Functions Performance Through Simulation Using Interoperable Sensor, Vehicle, and Environment Models
Authors:   ESI Group, FRANCE, Laverdure Serge , Hadj-Bachir Mokrane , De Souza Philippe ,   Ifsttar, FRANCE, Gruyer Dominique
Published: April 2022

The evaluation, validation, certification, and homologation of connected and automated autonomous vehicles will require more and more virtual testing because of a new level of system complexity the automotive industry has never faced before. Ensuring the robustness, accuracy, and reliability of the perception stages of an "intelligent" and automated vehicle is recognized as one of the challenges for the transition of future mobility means to the higher levels of autonomous driving. From a technological perspective, safety is enforced using combinations of sensors systems exploiting different physics principles used by GPS, by optical sensors, by near or thermal infrared sensors, by electromagnetic sensors and by ultrasonic sensors. The consistency of the performance verification, expected for the embedded processing relying on artificial intelligence software stacks, depends on the driving environment's characteristics. It is now obvious that real testing should evolve accordingly and should be completed by virtual testing. Therefore, the industry has embraced the idea of introducing simulation methods to support such validation. At ESI and with our strategic research and development partner University Gustave Eiffel (merge between previously IFSTTAR and 5 other organisms) we are working on the development of new interoperable and interconnected simulation solutions offering the proper agility related to the integration of new methods. In the new generations of simulation platform, the problem is to address a complex multi-layer simulation task not only processed by one software and one computer but by several interoperable remote platforms (i.e Dynamics vehicle modelling, sensors modelling, communication modelling, and traffic modelling). Such a simulation platform must respect important constraints such as the interconnection with real-time data management and processing software, or the capability to share the simulation components, the processing stages, and the driving functions across multiple applications and/or computers. Simulation can evaluate the performance of complex systems from well-defined scenarios and configurations. It intervenes in several phases of system manufacturing in the design and exploitation phases. With virtual prototyping, simulation can be used to predict in real time the system behavior with respect to its control in order to implement optimal strategies. It is also used for verification, validation and improvement of choices in the design phases. Our technical paper aims to present what we did with partners and customers in order to confirm the value brought by such new simulation solution.
Ageing: The Emerging Area of Bio-gerontology- A Review
Authors: Goldberg Michel
Published: April 2022

Ageing is linked to a progressive loss of physical function and fitness, imperfect maintenance and repair systems. Many theories, such as evolutionary (mutations), telomere shortening, linked to a system (neuroendocrinologic, immunologic) appear to be the molecular and cellular hallmarks of ageing. The ultimate causes of ageing remain not yet elucidated, but they seem to be multifactorial. However, the consequences of ageing are better identified and leading to adapted gerodontologic therapies. Geroscience involves mostly all oral pathologies, focusing on endocrine and infectious disorders of periodontal diseases, involving the dental pulp and carious lesions, syndromes (e.g. trisomy 21 syndrome), salivary dysfunctions, burning mouth syndrome and tumor pathogenesis. With the increasing number of patients over 80+, gerodontology pave the way for a domain oriented toward therapeutic dentistry, leading to an extended lifespan. The future of ageing therapies involves selective elimination of senescent cells (SNSs), also known as senolysis, which prevents various age-related diseases. Most pathologies are implicated on the effects of ageing without exerting undesirable side effects.
A Case Report of Phialemonium Curvatum Endophthalmitis
Authors: J Navaratnam , TP Bærland , EL Solberg , NO Hermansen , CT Andersen , N Eide
Published: April 2022

Endophthalmitis caused by Phialemonium species are rare. We report a 68-year-old female with unilateral Phialemonium curvatum endophthalmitis. She presented with a two day history of right-sided floaters and reduced vision to finger counting, initially treated as iridocyclitis with topical and systemic steroids. Due to worsening, a diagnostic vitrectomy was performed. The culture from the vitreous cavity yielded Phialemonium curvatum growth. She was treated with amphotericin B intravitreally once and voriconazole tablets for three months with gain of Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) to 0.3. Six weeks following discontinuation of voriconazole, the patient developed right-sided eye pain and deterioration of the visual acuity. A second diagnostic vitrectomy was performed and once again the culture demonstrated growth of Phialemonium curvatum. She was treated with voriconazole for six months. Further, she developed eye pain and reduced vision in her right eye about 2 years following the second diagnostic vitrectomy. A third diagnostic vitrectomy was performed which was negative. Two weeks following the third diagnostic vitrectomy, the patient presented with retinal detachment and macular hole in the same eye. Retinal detachment persisted even following surgical repair with silicone insertion. The patient declined further surgeries. About ten years following initial presentation she developed intolerable right-sided eye pain and phthisis. The eye was eviscerated.