bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of winemaking on ‘Marselan’ red wines: volatile compounds and sensory aspects
Authors: Pozzatti Marianna , Guerra Celito C. , Martins Guilherme , dos Santos Ingrid D. , Wagner Roger , Ferrão Marco F. , Manfroi Vitor
Published: September 2020

Winemaking processes and volatile compounds perform an important role in contributing to the quality of wines. ‘Marselan’ is a red grape variety grown in several countries such as France, Brazil and China. This variety has gained international interest in recent years. The volatile profile of Brazilian ‘Marselan’ red wines during various winemaking processes was studied. Four processes were applied: thermovinification, integrale vinification, classic winemaking and classic winemaking pretreated with ultrasound. The wines were characterized with conventional physicochemical analyses, volatile composition and sensory analysis. Sixty-three volatile compounds were identified and semi-quantified. The wines presented different sensory characteristics. The thermovinification and classic winemaking with ultrasound application methods showed a large presence of esters contributing to a fruity and overmaturation aroma in the volatile profile and sensory analysis. An increased presence of vegetal and sulfurous aromas was observed in the wines from the classic winemaking and integrale vinification processes. This effect was most likely attributed to the lower influence of esters which generated a greater perception of other compounds and conferred these aromas. The differences can be directly linked to the various extraction rates in the vinification processes, which result in different interactions between the compounds.
Extraction of Equivalent Circuit Parameter of the GIS Pipe Spacer
Authors: Wang Yonghong , Xiao Bing , Qiu Guizhong , Bi Lipeng , Xu Keqiang , Jiao Chongqing , Cao Shuyun
Published: September 2020

In Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) substation, the spacer used for supporting conductor, isolating air chamber and insulation is a very important insulation component in GIS pipe, and it is important to study the spacer to ensure the insulation performance and quality of GIS. Local distortion of electric field distribution will be produced when electromagnetic wave propagates to spacers. In this article, the static capacitance calculated by electromagnetic simulation is used to model spacers.
Optimal multi-objective distributed generation location and capacity by elite strategy genetic algorithm considering timing characteristics
Authors: Wei Xinquan , Duan Xiangjun , Chen Lei , Zheng Weiyan
Published: September 2020

In this paper, a distributed generation location and capacity optimization model considering the probability of scenario occurrence is established. The optimization objective is to minimize the total cost of investment, annual power loss of distribution network and node voltage deviation. The improved genetic algorithm with elitist retention mechanism is used to solve the model. The IEEE33 system is used to show the location and constant capacity of the distributed power supply under different conditions. It shows that the reasonable and optimized configuration of the distributed power supply can obtain better voltage quality and minimize the cost function, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed model.
New Energy Aggregators Optimal Dispatching Strategies Based on Price Incentive Agreement
Authors: Yu Jie , Zhang Xinsen , Yang Jiaqi , Tu Mengfu , Li Peng , Ding Qia
Published: September 2020

The ubiquitous power Internet of things (UPIoT) can realize the wide interconnection of all links of the power system. Based on this background, this paper proposes the price incentive agreement of distributed new energy aggregators and establishes distributed dispatching architecture. Firstly, the information transmission matrix of distributed new energy aggregators with the property of double random matrix is established, and the distributed sub-gradient algorithm based on information transmission matrix is used to solve the distributed dispatching model of new energy aggregators. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the optimization model and its solution method are analyzed through simulation examples, and the information interrupt, information error that may be encountered are also discussed.
Optimization Model of Pure Electric Vehicle Battery-Swapping Dispatch Based on Transportation Problems
Authors: Zu Shengdong , Sun Lijiang
Published: September 2020

The optimization object of pure electric vehicle battery-swapping service dispatch is making the total cost to be minimum under the condition of meeting the battery-swapping demand. The battery-swapping service requires each charging station to scientifically transport the supplementary batteries of the electricity exchange station. It is a multi-objective optimization decision-making process. With the object of minimizing the total cost of one-time transportation, applying the transportation problems theory, an optimization model of the battery-swapping service between the charging station and the exchange station was established, and a typical example was analyzed. The results show that the battery-swapping service transportation line is one of the main factors affecting the cost of pure electric vehicle battery-swapping service dispatch.
Research and Analysis Based on Electricity Spot Market Construction in Northern China
Authors: Wang Sen , Zhao Shuai , Zhou Liansheng , Gan Zhiyong , Zhang Changzhi , Zhao Yue , Ai Dengxin , Zhou Yigang
Published: September 2020

Successive development of China’s power spot market has subjected the operation and dispatching mode of the existing power system to an increasingly greater influence imposed by the electricity market mechanism. In China’s northern provinces requiring winter heating, it is a huge challenge to the trading mechanism of power spot market to simultaneously guarantee the safe operation of power system and the heating mode of heating unit. To address this issue, this paper analyses the operation conditions and problems of power spot market during winter heating in northern China. Based on the analysis of the power spot market in a northern city, This paper analyzes some crucial problems in the construction of spot market and sums up policy advice for the further construction of spot market adapted to direct electricity purchase by large consumers in northern China.
Integrated energy service demand evaluation based on AHP and entropy weight method
Authors: Qi Xianjun , Zhou Mucong
Published: September 2020

In the context of the energy revolution, integrated energy services have ushered in a period of opportunities for rapid development. To assess the demand of users of integrated energy services, we establish indexes of demand of integrated energy service users. We got the assessment model based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weight method. The proposed assessment model is tested on 50 users, and K-means clustering algorithm is used to cluster users. The characteristics of the service requirements of each type are analysed.
Integrated Energy System Planning Optimization Considering Equipment Performance
Authors: Li Haifeng , Chen Lufeng , Feng Gang , Wang Yongli , Ma Yang , Xue Lu , Ma Yuze , Qi Chengyuan
Published: September 2020

At present, regional integrated energy system is considered as a novel form to improve the comprehensive energy efficiency and economy of the system by integrating multiple energy subsystems. The key link of integrated energy system planning and optimization is to determine the kind and installed capacity of source-side equipment, and how to make the equipment of the system cooperate and couple with each other. A model of equipment capacity allocation at the source side of integrated energy system is proposed, which can get the best equipment kind and installed capacity in the planning and optimization area. The objectives of the model are the optimal economy and the minimum carbon emission. In order to verify the effectiveness of the model proposed in this paper, three typical scenarios are set for comparative analysis. In the simulation, by comparing the economy and carbon emission of planning results in different scenarios, it can be found that there is a potential connection between the installed capacity of source-side equipment, and at the same time, the carbon emission will also affect the installed capacity of equipment. Renewable energy equipment has made great contribution to carbon emission, but its investment cost has greatly increased the system planning cost. Therefore, system economy and carbon emission are mutually exclusive to a certain extent.
Optimal scheduling of building integrated energy system based on demand response
Authors: Wei Mengju , Yang Yang , Hu Mengjin , Wang Yongli , Tao Siyi , Zhou Minhan , Ma Yang , Song Fuhao
Published: September 2020

With the development of renewable energy technology, integrating a variety of renewable energy integrated energy systems can effectively solve the problem of optimizing the scheduling of buildings with high energy consumption and fast growth rate. Based on the modeling and analysis of various energy equipment in the system, the integrated energy system of building buildings, based on the demand response compensation price, with the lowest construction operating cost as the goal function, establishes the optimization scheduling model of building-level integrated energy system based on demand response, and uses the particle group algorithm based on cloud model improvement to optimize the solution of the model. The study is introduced for simulation to compare the two different modes of participation in demand response, and the optimal performance of cloud model particle group algorithm and elementary particle group algorithm. The results show that the cloud model particle group algorithm model based on demand response can effectively save the operating cost of the building-level integrated energy system, and reduce the power grid side load peak and valley difference.
Research on the influence of screw spacing on magnetic shielding effectiveness of a shielding cabin
Authors: Chen Longlong , Ning Feng , Jiao Chongqing
Published: September 2020

Large shields are usually formed by splicing small pieces of metal, resulting in gaps that affect the shielding effectiveness of the shield. Affected by the screw fixed spacing, the size of the slits will also be changed. Since it is difficult to deduce the influence of fixed spacing on shielding effectiveness by theoretical formula or software simulation, we built a 2m*2m*2m shielding cabin model and explored the influence of fixed spacing on shielding effectiveness by changing the fixed spacing of screws. During measurement, the selected frequency range was 0.25-1000MHz. In the selected frequency range, for different frequencies, different antennas were used and a total of 22 frequency points were selected for measurement. The results show that the smaller the screw spacing, the greater the shielding effectiveness. When the screw spacing is reduced by half, the shielding effectiveness increases by about 6-8dB, especially at low frequency. When screw spacing is 0.25m, the maximum shielding effectiveness is about 44dB, the minimum is about 25dB, and the average shielding effectiveness is about 35dB. In addition, the polarization mode and antenna position have little influence on the results. So it can be used as a guide and reference for the design of large shielding body in the future.
Study on Temperature Distribution Characteristics of Condensate in Marine Condensator
Authors: Hao Wu , Yingzhe Hou , Lin Cui
Published: September 2020

According to the structure and working principles of marine condensator, utilizing FLUNET, a numerical model of the flow field related to the hot well is established and the results were analysed. The flow field and temperature distribution characteristics of hot well with metal mesh and different heat flow distribution schemes are compared and analysed to improve the operation economy and safety of steam turbine units.
A network-based analysis of key pharmacological pathways of Corilagin acting on Breast cancer and experimental validation
Authors: Zhong Xue , Tang Jintian , Long Wenyue , Cai Xu , Wang Huiguo , Li Qian
Published: September 2020

The combination of network pharmacological methods and experimental verification has revealed the underlying molecular mechanism of Corilagin in the treatment of breast cancer. In this study, we used Swiss Target Prediction database network to predict the possible candidate targets and pathways of Coilagin, and collect breast cancer targets and pathways of CooLGeN. The result of network pharmacological screen indicated that Bcl is a key pathway for Corilagin in the treatment of breast cancer. The CCK-8 experiment also proved that Corilagin could inhibit the proliferation of MCF-7 cells. Western Blot was used for the validation of network pharmacological results, which showed that Corilagin could increase the apoptosis rates (Bcl-2/Bax) of MCF-7 cells, and up-regulates the apoptotic protein Caspase-3 and changes the Bcl-2 family proteins expression in MCF-7 cells. All results suggest that Corilagin has the potential therapeutic effects on breast cancer, and may be useful for adjuvant chemotherapy.
Urban Heat Island in Wuhan and Its Relationship With Nearby Water Bodies
Authors: Xu Claire
Published: September 2020

With predictions of global warming to continue into the near future, heat waves are likely to increase both in frequency and severity. Combined with the fast-developing urban areas and sky-rocketing populations in some regions, urban heat island effect becomes increasingly prominent. This trend has caused numerous problems in energy use, human health, and environmental stress. The purpose of the study in this article is to examine the effects of UHI and its impact on nearby water bodies. Through a series of data, which is collected by using Geospatial visualization tool, the study analyzes the extent to which UHI raises the water temperature in Wuhan, China, and compares lakes in different region of Wuhan to explore the impact of modified land surface and human activities. Given the exacerbation of the urban climatic crisis, the study also presents several potential solutions to a sustainable future in urban areas.
Annual Variation of CO2 Absorption and Release in Caotang River of Three Gorges Reservoir
Authors: Zhang Yong-Sheng , Li Hai-Ying , Wu Lei-xiang
Published: September 2020

To analyze the annual variation of CO2 absorption and release in Caotang River of Three Gorges Reservoir, this paper selected six sections from the Yangtze River and Caotang River between July 2017 and June 2018, and monitored CO2 emission at the water-gas interface using static closed chamber. The results are as follows: during the investigation, the variation rate of CO2 averaged 0.66-2.05 ppm/Min in Caotang River, and the number was 1.02 ppm/Min and 2.67 ppm/Min in Yangtze River. In November, CO2 in Caotang River experienced dramatic variation as it was released from the water body to the atmosphere. The highest release rate occurred at the CT02 section, which was up to 42.58ppm/min. From July to October of 2017, most sections of the river absorbed CO2 without a fixed pattern in space. From January to March of 2018, the absorption and release rate of CO2 slowed down, with its absolute value between 0.20-2.28 ppm/min. The release or absorption rate of CO2 from April to June was slightly higher than that from January to March.
Research on the Implementation Method of Database Security in Management Information System Based on Big Data Analysis
Authors: Chen Qunlin
Published: September 2020

With the rapid development of China’s society and economy, and the support of modern information technology, we have entered the era of big data. The amount of data in management information systems continues to increase. Big data has become an inevitable trend in the development of modern information technology. At the same time, the security of the database in the management information system has received increasing attention. This article studies the implementation method of database security in management information system based on big data analysis, hoping to provide reference for relevant people's research.
Application Analysis of Digital Printing Technology in Packaging Printing
Authors: Cheng Fayou
Published: September 2020

Based on the application of digital printing technology in packaging printing as the core, the research is carried out. First, the overview and advantages of digital printing technology are explained, and then the reasons for using digital printing technology in packaging printing are analyzed. Based on this, digital printing technology is proposed The effective use in labels, flexible packaging and boxes, I hope to provide some reference for relevant people.
Exciting progress of cancer immunotherapy focusing on immune checkpoints
Authors: Peng Yikai
Published: September 2020

Immune checkpoints blockade (ICB) has made revolutionary progress in cancer therapy recently. The development of blocking agents to checkpoints on coinhibitory pathway, which prevents inflammation-induced tissue damage but also induces the cancer immune evasion, and retrieves the productive immune responses against tumors. The striking clinical trial results of ICB, by targeting the cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) or PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), has promoted the approval of multiple antibodies for several cancer types by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In addition, the combination of multiple types of blockade even increased the efficacy of tumor regression. Following the previous success, other immune checkpoints have also been verified, such as lymphocyte-activated gene-3 (LAG-3) and Signal-regulatory Protein alpha (SIRPα). However, not all patients can get benefits from ICB and the mechanisms of these coinhibitory pathways are not quite clear. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of ICB is a formidable challenge that could have far reaching guidelines for therapeutic strategies in cancer. This article summarizes the literature to date regarding ICB that may help more patients get benefit from immunotherapy.
A brief overview of GWAS: discover genetic variations of diseases and phenotypes
Authors: Peng Zhiying
Published: September 2020

GWAS, or Genome-wide association study, is a statistical analysis method to reveal specific genetic variations, usually single nucleotide polymorphisms, with particular phenotypes or diseases. The power to scan whole genomes from large scale samples made the method an efficient tool for information discovery. In the last decades, the application of GWAS has flourished, which benefited our understanding related to diseases, breeding and many other topics. In this review, we overviewed the history of GWAS, as well as different approaches to perform the analysis under different circumstances during different stages. Meanwhile, we also showed how different GWAS approaches benefited diverse research and application fields, and the potential limitations of the method.
Analysis of the Rehabilitation Effect of Modern Rehabilitation Concept Combined with Acupuncture and Massage on Infantile Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Jie Xiaosu , Shan Haijun , Hou Yujin , Shi Hua , Lou Yuanjun , Zhang Yingying , Guo Xin
Published: September 2020

Objective: To explore the effect of combining modern rehabilitation concepts with acupuncture and massage therapy on the rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy. Methods: Research work was carried out in our hospital. The work was carried out from September 2018 to September 2019. A total of 100 patients were selected, all of whom were children with cerebral palsy. The 100 patients with cerebral palsy were divided into two groups：the control group who was given modern rehabilitation concept intervention, and the intervention group who was given modern rehabilitation concept combined with acupuncture and massage. The recovery condition of the two groups of cerebral palsy children was compared and analyzed. Results: There were 5 patients in the treatment group who were ineffective, the effective rate was 90.00%, and 11 people in the control group were ineffective, the effective rate was 78.00% which has existential meaning. The incidence of sequelae of the children in the experimental group was 14.00%, and the incidence of sequelae of the children in the control group was 32.00%. In contrast, the incidence of the experimental group was low and the effect was good. The difference in data was significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: The combination of modern rehabilitation concepts and TCM acupuncture and massage intervention methods in children with cerebral palsy has a significant effect, which can improve the child ’s adverse conditions, promote the child ’s recovery, and improve the child ’s motor function, it can be promoted.
Automatic Malignant Thyroid Nodule Recognition in Ultrasound Images based on Deep Learning
Authors: Zhou Meng , Wang Rui , Fu Peng , Bai Yang , Cui Ligang
Published: September 2020

As the most common malignancy in the endocrine system, thyroid cancer is usually diagnosed by discriminating the malignant nodules from the benign ones using ultrasonography, whose interpretation results primarily depends on the subjectivity judgement of the radiologists. In this study, we propose a novel cascade deep learning model to achieve automatic objective diagnose during ultrasound examination for assisting radiologists in recognizing benign and malignant thyroid nodules. First, the simplified U-net is employed to segment the region of interesting (ROI) of the thyroid nodules in each frame of the ultrasound image automatically. Then, to alleviate the limitation that medical training data are relatively small in size, the improved Conditional Variational Auto-Encoder (CVAE) learning the probability distribution of ROI images is trained to generate new images for data augmentation. Finally, ResNet50 is trained with both original and generated ROI images. As consequence, the deep learning model formed by the trained U-net and trained Resnet-50 cascade can achieve malignant thyroid nodule recognition with the accuracy of 87.4%, the sensitivity of 92%, and the specificity of 86.8%.
Research on Medical Ethics of Disabled
Authors: Deng Xiaoxiao , Liu Weiwei , Zhao Xin
Published: September 2020

The 15-20% of the world's population has certain disability. They have treated bad, looked low, ignored beyond their law, educations and medical care has been denied, also have been underestimated. This is 21st century, people are being kind and helpful in many places, the disabled are achieving in all fields but still some with not the open mind are struggling to accept disabled people even their parents in some cases. Government and science had helped them in uncountable things and also been a devil in number of things. Government introduced laws and policies favouring disabled people. Science and technology helped them to do things which they can’t. Separate medical care services and welfare organisations are there to help for disabled people in several ways including education and insurance. In India, human rights commission is there to give a shout to disabled people rights and also to debate about their dignity. But is this good enough for their life. Technology can do more than this to make their life even better and better. Government can implement strict laws and bills against people who are discriminating and harassment on disabled.
Relationship Between c-Jun N-terminal Kinase and Depression
Authors: Ma Hongpeng
Published: September 2020

Depression is one of the most common emotional disorders. The cause of depression is still not clear. C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is one number of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, which is closely related to the occurrence of many diseases. At present, it is believed that JNK plays an important role in the parthenogenesis of depression, but the specific mechanism is not clear. This review will focus on the possible mechanism of JNK protein and JNK signaling pathway affecting the parthenogenesis of depression.
Impacts of a lower limb exoskeleton robot on the muscle strength of tibialis anterior muscle in stroke patients
Authors: Zhang Jiyu , Wang Tian , Zhao Qingyu , Liu Shichao
Published: September 2020

This work aims to explore the impact of a proposed lower limb exoskeleton robot on the muscle strength of the tibialis anterior muscle in stroke patients. Firstly, 24 patients with stroke hemiplegia were divided into the robot group and the control group according to a random number table. Both groups received conventional rehabilitation treatments. Moreover, the robot group took the walking training with UG0210, a lower limb exoskeleton walking rehabilitation device developed by the Hangzhou RoboCT Technology Development Co., Ltd., once per day, 30 minutes per time, a total of 20 times of treatment. The control group took the conventional rehabilitation walking training, once per day, 30 mins per time, a total of 20 times of treatment. At the beginning of the trial, the manual muscle strength test (MMT) was used to assess the pre-trial muscle strength within the trial cycle. The efficacy of the two groups was compared. Results The muscle strength of the tibialis anterior muscle was higher than that without treatments in both groups (P<0.05). The curative effect of the robot group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions With the help of the designed lower limb exoskeleton robot, both tibialis anterior muscle strength and lower limb motor function of stroke patients were improved compared to the control group. The comparison shows the attractive potential and value of the robot assisted rehabilitation.
The inhibitory effect of Eupatorium adenophorum extracts on the pathogen of postharvest disease of banana
Authors: Zhao Weifeng , Yang Weixiu , Li Ying , Cao Junying , Yang Xiaohuan , Ma Jinhu
Published: September 2020

The Colletotrichum musae and Fusarium semitectum Berk., Which often occur in banana after harvest were used as the targets. Three components with antibacterial activity extracted from the leaves of the plant were used as "fungicide". The antibacterial effect of the three component substances on the pathogens of anthracnose and shaft rot was studied. The results showed that the inhibitory rates of the components A, B and C at 2 mg / ml on the pathogens of banana anthracnose and shaft rot reached 82.53%, 79.91%, 78.30% and 82.2%, 78.69% and 81.17% respectively. The EC90 values of component A, B and C for banana anthracnose pathogens were 1.70, 1.85, and 1.69 mg / ml. Respectively, the EC90 values for banana shaft rot pathogens were 1.37, 1.38, and 1.64 mg / ml. The antibacterial effect of the three component substances on the pathogen of banana shaft rot was better than that of anthracnose. The three component substances have great potential for controlling post-harvest anthracnose and shaft rot of bananas.
MicroRNAs: New Biomarkers for the progression of Coronary Artery Diseases
Authors: Chen Yaxi
Published: September 2020

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), especially the coronary arterial diseases (CADs), have become the main cause of death all around the world, attracting attentions from the whole society. Even though considerable progresses have been made for the treatment of CADs, many clinical challenges remain to be overcome. In particular, effective biomarkers for CADs need to be developed to facilitate the early diagnosis and thus early treatment of the disease. Recently, the dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been found to be involved in the progression of multiple CADs, manifested as altered levels of miRNAs at different disease phases, suggesting that miRNAs may be capable of serving as promising biomarkers for CADs. Here, we attempt to evaluate the possibility of miRNAs as biomarkers for CADs and compare these markers with previously reported ones. In this review, we will summarize the basic concepts and advances for CADs and miRNAs, with a special emphasis on miRNAs in the progression of CADs.
Kyphotic deformity correction of different operative approaches in patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures: a meta-analysis
Authors: Xuan Wenbin , Ma Junyi , Liao Ruiyun
Published: September 2020

Background: As a common traumatic disease in spine surgery, thoracolumbar burst fractures (TLBF) often leads to complications such as back pain, kyphotic deformity and nerve damage, causing severe physical defects and economic burden on patients.

Objective: To explore kyphotic deformity correction of different operative approaches for TLBF.

Design of research: Systematic review and meta-analysis are utilized to compare the efficacy of different approaches for postoperative kyphotic deformity in TLBF patients.

Methods: English documents that discussed TLBF with different operative approaches were searched from various databases. The obtained documents were screened and evaluated.

Results: The comparison and analysis of preoperative Cobb angle, early-postoperative Cobb angle correction, and follow-up Cobb angle correction between the anterior and posterior approach groups showed no statistical significance [MD=0.97, 95% CI (-0.44, 2.38), P=0.18; MD=0.25, 95% CI (-0.04, 0.54), P=0.10; MD=-0.12, 95% CI (-0.44, 0.19), P=0.45].

Conclusion: While treating TLBF symptoms, both the anterior and posterior approaches were effective in correcting postoperative kyphosis deformity. Therefore, while determining a treatment method, the age and the tolerance to the surgery of each patient should be considered for the surgical treatment options. This study provides new ideas for clinical treatment of TLBF in the future.
An Overview of the Progress Made on the Coronavirus Vaccine
Authors: Fang Yu
Published: September 2020

The Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a critical economic crash around the globe, affecting billions of people worldwide. Without a cure, the number of cases continues to increase exponentially. Countries, including the United States, Brazil, and India, currently lead in the number of cases with numbers soaring in the millions. Immunization is crucial to preventing the spread of infectious diseases and can help a large number of individuals quickly while keeping current cases under control. Following the publication of the genome sequence of SARS-CoV-2, vaccine development has been accelerated at an unprecedented rate. 115 vaccine candidates are currently under study with the hope of finding an ideal solution and mitigating the Coronavirus incidence rate. With some vaccine candidates having more potential than others, this review focuses on the characterization of different vaccine options. The analysis of probable vaccines, including mRNA vaccines and adenovirus vaccines, is conducted, and the scientific reasoning behind the vaccines is also discussed. In this review, the latest strategy vaccine is introduced and the effective vaccines are analysed.
Some thoughts and strategies of planning for the impact of “COVID-19” epidemic in Yunnan plateau basin
Authors: Shi Ziqian , Chen Hua , Fan Kai , Chen Peng
Published: September 2020

Combined with the big data report of Baidu epidemic, and based on the transmission route and characteristics of “COVID-19” Virus, using GIS spatial analysis technology and related mathematical models, the correspondence between the epidemic development distribution and the spatial pattern of the basin in the Yunnan Plateau was simulated, and the basin distribution, traffic accessibility, urban scale, and tourism fever were found. Destination fever is closely related to the development of the epidemic. Changing the mode of transportation in the basin, changing the mode of land use, constructing regional public health facilities, and improving the community living circle have a suppressive effect on the spread of the epidemic. According to the simulation conclusions, this article focuses on blocking the spread of the epidemic and guaranteeing the treatment and basic life of the personnel during the disaster. It proposes the considerations of the territorial space planning of the Yunnan Plateau basin in response to the epidemic from the region (province)-basin area-community and governance level.
Fifty-Hertz low frequency magnetic field modifies sarcoplasmic reticulum function
Authors: Lu Jing , Liu Renchen , Wang Zhicheng
Published: September 2020

Among the putative mechanisms, by which extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) modify calcium metabolism is that of affecting Ca2+ fluxes across cell membrane or internal Ca2+ stores. To test this hypothesis, whether ELF MF can modulate Ca2+ fluxes of isolated skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles (SR) was investigated in the present study. The Ca2+ transport and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity were observed by means of dynamic Ca2+ dye spectrum, the function of ryanodine receptor (RyR1) was monitored by [3H]-ryanodine binding assay. The membrane fluidity of SR was measured by fluorescence polarization. 50 Hz 0.4 mT MF exposure for 30 min led to a significant decrease in the Ca2+ uptake initial rate and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity compared to sham exposed SR. These results strongly suggest that prevention of SR Ca2+ uptake by ELF MF exposure was due to the inhibition of Ca2+-Mg2+- ATPase activity, and the increase of SR Ca2+ release was due to the activation of RyR1.
Analysis of seven mineral elements in cultivated fruiting bodies of Cordyceps militaris
Authors: Fenglin Li , Li Li , Xiaokun Jiang , Yan Liang , Hengwei Liu
Published: September 2020

The objective of this study was to investigate the content of main mineral elements in cultivated fruiting bodies of Cordyceps militaris. Microwave digestion was used to pretreat Cordyceps militaris samples, and the content of seven mineral elements in Cordyceps militaris was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed that the content of arsenic (As), lead (Pb) , cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) , silver (Ag), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) in cultivated fruiting bodies of Cordyceps militaris, respectively, is 0.0047 mg/kg, 0.22 mg/kg, 0.0041 mg/kg, 9.1 mg/kg, 0.024mg/kg, 5.2mg/kg, and 1.6 mg/kg. The content of heavy metals such as Pb, Cd and As is within the limits of Chinese national food safety standard. The method used in this study has the advantages of high sensitivity, fast analysis speed, and good reproducibility. It can be used for the determination of mineral elements in cultivated fruiting bodies of Cordyceps militaris.
Research on the Key Technology of Medium Voltage Environmental Protection Metal-enclosed Switchgear
Authors: Ning WANG , Lin XING , Peng WU , Suo WANG , Yuan HU
Published: September 2020

This article introduces environmentally-friendly metal-enclosed switchgear, and comprehensively summarizes the development status, technical characteristics, technical difficulties and development trends of solid-insulated ring network cabinets and environmentally-friendly gas-insulated switch cabinets. The development status of solid insulated ring network cabinets and environmentallyfriendly gas insulated switch cabinets are reviewed, and their technical characteristics are summarized in terms of volume, structure, maintainability, safety and environmental adaptability. Focus on the analysis and study of the technical difficulties of solid insulated ring network cabinets and environmentally friendly gas insulated switch cabinets, and pointed out the partial discharge control of the surface of the insulating parts, the strengthening of the sealing, the cost control, the recycling and utilization of epoxy resin, the optimization of insulation, and the breaking capacity. The guarantee of the quality, the selection and recovery of mixed gas are their future development trends. It provides a useful reference for the development and improvement of environmentally-friendly metal-enclosed switchgear.
Study and Application of Chemical Production Stimulation Process in Heavy Oil Reservoir Production Wells
Authors: Yan Yu , Guo Shu-zhao , Cai Qing-qin , Tian Fu-chun , Yan Yang , Xu Hao-ran
Published: September 2020

Heavy oil reservoirs are widely scattered across China with proved reserves over 10 billion tons, most of which are unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs. As a consequence, some problems are encountered as to the choice of production stimulation and stabilization process. This paper attempts to provide a summary of the geological characteristics of heavy oil unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs and the difficulties of production stimulation reconstruction process, in order to preferably choose the system for cleaning, viscosity reducing, acidizing and unplugging, optimize the construction process of viscosity reducing and acidizing, guarantee that service fluids can enter reservoirs uniformly, and improve the deliverable of chemical production stimulation, which would be taken as a good reference for chemical production stimulation construction of heavy oil unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs.
Screening and evaluation of selenium-rich maize cultivars in Ziyang area
Authors: Li Yan , Yue Jianwu , Duan Zhibin , Wu Shuangquan , Li Bo , Sun Chao , Dai Jiakun , Dou Bingde
Published: September 2020

To study selenium (Se)-enriched characteristics of maize in Ziyang area and to select cultivars, six cultivars were planted on three different soils with high-Se, middle-Se and low-Se. The Se content of grain, stalk & leaf and cob were tested separately, and the relationship between Se content in soil and the capability of Se-enrichment in different organs of six cultivars were analyzed. The result showed that the Se content of maize organs is positively correlated with the Se in soil. Meanwhile, on the soil with different Se content, the trends of Se-enriching capacity in different organs of maize cultivars were as follows: stalk & leaf > grain > cob. Further comparison of the ratio of the Se content of various organs to the Se content of soil showed that, the maize planted on the middle-Se soil has the highest capability of Se-enrichment. Considering the biomass, the accumulation of Se in the grains of sweet maize Shaan K512 and waxy maize Shaan K818 were relatively higher. This study has implications for Se-rich maize and comprehensive utilization of Se in Ziyang.
Study on Cellular Structure and Mechanical Property of Foaming/Cross-linking Polyethylene System
Authors: Xia Bihua , Dong Weifu
Published: September 2020

The cellular structure and mechanical property of a sequential foaming/cross-linking polyethylene system were studied in this work. By adjusting the components, foaming starts before the cross-linking reaction initiated and the melt strength increases during the foaming process. Rubber Process Analyzer (RPA) was used for the in situ monitoring and measuring of the foaming and cross-linking process. The cellular structure and expansion ratio of polyethylene foam can be modulated by controlling the type and ratio of foaming agent and cross-linking agent, as well as the foaming/cross-linking conditions. The mechanical strength was tested by universal mechanical testing machine, the melt strength were also characterized and analyzed. Experimental results demonstrated that the cross-linking controlled the cellular size and improved mechanical strength.
Chemical reactions in the preparation of B4C-CeO2 composites
Authors: Li Junsuo , Dong Zhongqi , Pen Kewu
Published: September 2020

The B4C-CeO2 composites were prepared by pressure-free infiltration method. The chemical reactions and products of CeO2 and B4C in the temperature range of 20~1500 were studied by TG-DTA and X-ray diffraction analysis. The results show that the B4C and CeO2 reaction products are CeB4, B, CeBO3 in 550~1240 and the product of CeO2 reaction with B4C is CeB6 in the temperature range of 1240~1300℃.
Research on food safety supervision
Authors: Lei Zhenyu
Published: September 2020

The quantity and quality of food additives directly affect the safety of food. Only by more scientific and accurate regulation of the use of food additives, can we eliminate a series of problems of food safety caused by the abuse of unreasonable and harmful food additives. As the first line of defense for food safety, the hygienic index of food production must be firmly controlled Good, can provide a solid guarantee for food safety management; the traceability performance of food production and circulation can better make food production run in the sun, and ensure that every link can be supervised and traceable from planting, production and processing, to consumers; strengthen the legislative supervision of food production, circulation and other links, so that food safety supervision has laws to abide by, laws to be prosecuted, and indeed guarantee Rights and interests of consumers
Ophthalmic Care in Nursing Homes for the Blind: A Growing Challenge
Authors: Wagner Helena , Stifter Julia , Engesser Diana , Atzrodt Lisa , Betancor Paola Kammrath , Böhringer Daniel , Faessler Markus , Wuermeling Martin , Reinhard Thomas
Published: September 2020

Background The demographic change in Germany will lead to an increase in irreversible age-related eye diseases. This will increase the need for specialised care facilities for visually impaired people. Due to reduced mobility, residents in such facilities often do not receive adequate ophthalmological care. New concepts must therefore be considered for this group of patients. One approach is to set up an ophthalmological examination unit within the facility combined with regular visits by an ophthalmologist. We now present the experience with such a model in a home for the blind.

Patients and Methods The project was initiated in 2009. Since then there have been visits by medical staff of the Eye Center at Medical Center, University of Freiburg, every two weeks. All patient records (2010 – 2017) were reviewed systematically. The following data were extracted in a structured and anonymous way: Age at first presentation, gender, ophthalmological diagnoses and if a therapy was initiated. This data set was finally analysed descriptively.

Results Out of 130 residents aged between 48 and 100 years, half were between 78 and 90 years old. The youngest resident was 48, the oldest 100 years old. The median visual acuity was 0.2. Sixty percent of the residents had at least mild visual impairment according to the WHO (visual acuity < 0.5; category 1 – 6). In one of 6 – 7 residents, visual acuity could not be determined using Snellen charts. The most frequent ophthalmological diagnoses included cataract (44%), age-related macular degeneration (36%) and glaucoma (29%). In 67 residents (52%), the ophthalmological examination lead to treatment, such as application of local therapy or planning an operation.

Conclusion In every second resident, the ophthalmologistʼs visit lead to treatment during the observation period. This underlines the difficulty of providing ophthalmological care even in specialised institutions for the blind and visually impaired, which is possibly due to the residentsʼ mobility problems. The concept presented here has established a low-threshold, sustainable and high-quality ophthalmological service on site. These positive experiences indicate that corresponding measures may also be useful for other locations. However, in order to implement such a project on a larger scale, suitable financing and accounting modalities for the construction measures, the nursing staff and the ophthalmological procedure still need to be developed.
Einflussfaktoren der körperlichen Aktivität von
Kindern in Kitas: Eine Mehrebenenanalyse mit Querschnittsdaten aus dem Projekt
QueB 2
Authors: Müller Christina , Hassel Holger
Published: September 2020

Ziel der Studie Die Rahmenbedingungen in Kindertagesstätten
beeinflussen die tägliche Zeit in moderater bis intensiver
körperlicher Aktivität (MVPA) von Kindern unter 6 Jahren. Die
Studie untersucht, welche Faktoren in der Kita und im Verhalten der
pädagogischen Fachkräfte die MVPA-Level der Kinder
beeinflussen.

Methodik Querschnittsdaten aus 8 Kitas aus dem Forschungsprojekt QueB 2
wurden verwendet. Die Zeit pro Tag in MVPA wurde mit ActiGraph
GT3X+Akzelerometern gemessen. Untersuchte unabhängige Variablen
waren Alter, Geschlecht, MVPA-Level der pädagogischen Fachkräfte
und 8 Merkmale aus einer Selbsteinschätzungs-Checkliste für
Kitas. Hierarchische lineare Regressionsmodelle wurden mit SAS berechnet.

Ergebnisse Valide Akzelerometerdaten lagen von 126 Kindern
(51,59% Mädchen) vor. Mädchen erreichten pro Tag im
Durchschnitt 33,01, Jungen 49,11 Min. an MVPA. Nur 1,72% der
Varianz war auf die Kita zurückzuführen. Als signifikante
Einflussfaktoren wurden Innenräume mit Platz für Bewegung,
Regeln mit Bezug zu Bewegung und das Mitmachen der pädagogischen
Fachkräfte bei Aktivitäten identifiziert.

Schlussfolgerung Individuelle Faktoren (Alter, Geschlecht) scheinen
für die tägliche MVPA stärker ausschlaggebend zu sein
als Merkmale der Kitas und sollten bei der Implementierung von Maßnahmen
zur Bewegungsförderung berücksichtigt werden.
18F-FDG PET/CT imaging of vulva cancer recurrence: A comparison of PET-derived metabolic parameters between women with and without HIV infection
Authors: Mokoala Kgomotso M.G. , Lawal Ismaheel O. , Lengana Thabo , Popoola Gbenga O. , Boshomane Tebatso M.G. , Mokgoro Neo P. , Vorster Mariza , Sathekge Mike M.
Published: September 2020

Objective To assess the patterns of recurrence of vulva cancer on 18F-FDG PET/CT and to compare the 18F-FDG PET metabolic metrics in patients with and without Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).

Methods Maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean), metabolic tumour volume (MTV and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were obtained on Flourine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) images of women referred with suspected or confirmed vulva cancer recurrence. We compared HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected patients regarding pattern disease recurrence, age at diagnosis, and the PET-derived metabolic indices.

Results We analyzed 33 patients with a mean age 50.76 ± 15.78 including 21 HIV-infected women. The majority of patients (94 %) had squamous cell carcinoma and 84.85 % were Blacks. Of the HIV-infected individuals, the median CD4 count was 526.0 cells/mm3 (IQR: 379.0–729.0). HIV infected patients were younger than the HIV uninfected at the time of diagnosis: 40.50 ± 8.87 vs 66.54 ± 9.71 respectively, p < 0.001. We found a local (vulvar) recurrence rate of 75.8 %. Nodal pelvic recurrences were higher in the HIV-infected patients than in the HIV uninfected patients (70 % vs 30 %, p = 0.027). Three patients had distant metastasis and all three were HIV-infected. There was a higher whole-body MTV and TLG among HIV-infected women compared with HIV-uninfected women, 103.39 vs 17.58 and 852.64 vs 101.79, respectively (p < 0.05 for both).

Conclusion HIV-infected women are diagnosed with vulva cancer at a younger age. HIV-infected patients had a higher rate of pelvic lymph node recurrence. There is a higher tumor burden at vulva cancer recurrence among women with HIV infection.