bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
2437 A prospective study of cancer clinical trial availability and enrollment among adolescents/young adults treated at a Children’s Hospital or Affiliated Adult Cancer Specialty Hospital
Authors: Thomas Stefanie M. , Malvar Jemily , Tran Henry , Shows Jared , Freyer David R.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Low cancer clinical trial (CCTs) enrollment may contribute to the poor survival improvement for adolescents and young adults (AYAs, aged 15–39 years) with cancer. Treatment site is thought to exacerbate this problem. This study evaluated whether differences in CCT availability explain lower CCT enrollment depending on treatment site for AYAs. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This prospective, observational cohort study was conducted at an academic children’s hospital and an adult cancer hospital, 2 affiliated sites within a NCI-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center over 13 months. In consecutive AYA patients newly diagnosed with cancer at both site, it was determined whether an appropriate CCT existed nationally, was available locally, and if enrollment occurred. The proportions of AYAs in these categories were compared by site using the χ2 test. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Among 152 consecutive AYA patients, 68 and 84 were treated at the children’s hospital and adult cancer hospital, respectively. AYAs treated at the children’s hospital had similar CCT existence nationally compared with AYAs treated at the adult hospital [36/68 (52.9%) vs. 45/84 (53.6%), p=0.938]. However, a significantly higher percentage of children’s hospital treated AYAs than adult hospital treated AYAs had an available CCT [30/68 (44.1%) vs. 14/84 (16.7%), p<0.001]. Enrollment percentages were similarly low in both groups [8/68 (11.8%) vs. 6/84 (7.1%), p=0.327]. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Significantly fewer AYAs treated at the adult hospital had a CCT available, but national existence was similar at both sites. This suggests that institutional barriers to opening CCT have more importance at adult centers.
2450 Delirium and catatonia: Age matters
Authors: Wilson Jo E. , Carlson Richard , Duggan Maria C. , Pandharipande Pratik , Girard Timothy D. , Wang Li , Thompson Jennifer L. , Chandrasekhar Rameela , Francis Andrew , Nicolson Stephen E. , Dittus Robert S. , Heckers Stephan , Ely E. W.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Background: Delirium is a well described form of acute brain organ dysfunction characterized by decreased or increased movement, changes in attention and concentration as well as perceptual disturbances (i.e., hallucinations) and delusions. Catatonia, a neuropsychiatric syndrome traditionally described in patients with severe psychiatric illness, can present as phenotypically similar to delirium and is characterized by increased, decreased and/or abnormal movements, staring, rigidity, and mutism. Delirium and catatonia can co-occur in the setting of medical illness, but no studies have explored this relationship by age. Our objective was to assess whether advancing age and the presence of catatonia are associated with delirium. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Methods: We prospectively enrolled critically ill patients at a single institution who were on a ventilator or in shock and evaluated them daily for delirium using the Confusion Assessment for the ICU and for catatonia using the Bush Francis Catatonia Rating Scale. Measures of association (OR) were assessed with a simple logistic regression model with catatonia as the independent variable and delirium as the dependent variable. Effect measure modification by age was assessed using a Likelihood ratio test. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Results: We enrolled 136 medical and surgical critically ill patients with 452 matched (concomitant) delirium and catatonia assessments. Median age was 59 years (IQR: 52–68). In our cohort of 136 patients, 58 patients (43%) had delirium only, 4 (3%) had catatonia only, 42 (31%) had both delirium and catatonia, and 32 (24%) had neither. Age was significantly associated with prevalent delirium (i.e., increasing age associated with decreased risk for delirium) (p=0.04) after adjusting for catatonia severity. Catatonia was significantly associated with prevalent delirium (p<0.0001) after adjusting for age. Peak delirium risk was for patients aged 55 years with 3 or more catatonic signs, who had 53.4 times the odds of delirium (95% CI: 16.06, 176.75) than those with no catatonic signs. Patients 70 years and older with 3 or more catatonia features had half this risk. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Conclusions: Catatonia is significantly associated with prevalent delirium even after controlling for age. These data support an inverted U-shape risk of delirium after adjusting for catatonia. This relationship and its clinical ramifications need to be examined in a larger sample, including patients with dementia. Additionally, we need to assess which acute brain syndrome (delirium or catatonia) develops first.
2226 Influence of alcohol use disorder and comorbid psychopathology on discounting of delayed rewards
Authors: Swan Julia , Gowin Joshua L. , Sloan Matthew E. , Momenan Reza , Ramchandani Vijay A.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) has been associated with greater discounting of delayed rewards relative to healthy controls. The relationship, however, has been inconsistent, likely because previous studies had relatively small sample sizes and inadequately controlled for comorbid psychopathology and substance use. In the present study, we analyzed one of the largest clinical research samples to date to assess the influence of alcohol use on delay discounting, and examine the influence of confounding variables including substance use disorder. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: In total, 801 participants completed a delay discounting task where they chose between smaller, immediately available monetary amounts ($0–$90) and $100 available after a delay of 7–30 days. Delay discounting behavior was summarized as the natural log of k, a constant derived from a hyperbolic discounting equation. Participants also completed Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM-IV disorders, 90-day Timeline Followback interviews, and the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence. Participants were divided into 4 groups: healthy controls (n=298), past AUD (n=69), and current AUD with (n=224) and without (n=210) comorbid psychopathology or substance use disorder. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to examine the effect of group on delay discounting. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: There were significant differences in the distribution of delay discounting scores by group (H=80.195, p<0.001). Healthy controls and past AUD showed lower levels of delay discounting than current AUD and current AUD+comorbidity groups with medium effect sizes (Cohen’s d=−0.635 and Cohen’s d=−0.614, respectively). There were nearly no differences between current AUD with and without comorbid psychopathology groups (Cohen’s d=−0.024). The past AUD group showed almost no difference relative to the healthy control group (Cohen’s d=0.007). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Individuals with current AUD were shown to discount rewards greater than those without current AUD, although comorbid psychopathology did not significantly affect discounting. Surprisingly, individuals with past AUD were more similar to controls than to those with current AUD. Our findings suggest that current problematic alcohol use is related to greater discounting of delayed rewards, but comorbid diagnoses do not significantly impact this relationship. However, once problematic patterns of alcohol use cease, delay discounting appears to return to levels comparable to healthy controls.
2020 The clinical implications of a positive prostate cancer screen in patients undergoing a cardiac transplant evaluation
Authors: Kumar Vaibhav , Wang Hanyin , DeNofrio David , Kent David
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Screening the general population for prostate cancer with prostate specific antigen (PSA) continues to be controversial. Patients with advanced heart failure undergoing evaluation for suitability for cardiac transplantation are often requested to undergo prostate cancer screening, with guiding evidence generated from the general population. The objective of this study is to determine the clinical implications of a positive prostate cancer screen result in this patient population. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A retrospective cohort study was performed on all men that were referred to a tertiary care cardiac transplant center between January 2000 and December 2015. Patients were classified as having either a “positive screen” (PSA≥4 ng/mL) or a “negative screen” (PSA<4 ng/mL) at the point of evaluation. The primary outcome of time to listing for cardiac transplant (days) was calculated from the date of referral to the date of listing. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was developed to assess the association between a positive prostate cancer test result and listing for cardiac transplantation. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Among the 704 patients included in this study, 66 men (9.4%) had a positive prostate cancer screen result. Men with a positive prostate cancer screen were approximately 4 year older (mean 58.5 vs. 54.1 years), more likely to have a diagnosis of Ischemic Cardiomyopathy (74% vs. 53%) and require continuous mechanical support (61% vs. 16%) at the point of transplant evaluation. The median time for listing for cardiac transplant was greater in patients with a positive PSA (119 vs. 48 days, p<0.05). After adjusting for age, renal function, clinical status at evaluation, history of COPD, and year of referral, patients with a positive prostate cancer screen had a reduced hazards ratio (HR) for progressing to cardiac transplant listing compared with those with a negative screen (HR 0.58, 95%CI: 0.38–0.91). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Screening patients undergoing cardiac transplant evaluation for prostate cancer with PSA has a low diagnostic yield. An individual’s PSA value is influenced by their age and clinical status at the time of screening, with a positive screen being associated with a reduced likelihood for progressing to listing for cardiac transplant.
2479 Acute care research competencies for clinical research professionals: A practitioner inquiry approach and assessment
Authors: Knapke Jacqueline , Kissela Brett , Babcock Lynn , Stephanie Schuckman
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Acute care research is a unique area of clinical research that demands specialized skills, knowledge, and talents from empathetic professionals working in the field. Building off existing competencies for clinical research professionals, the Cincinnati Acute Care Research Council (ACRC) developed additional areas of competency for professionals working in the acute care research discipline. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Qualitative data obtained from job shadowing, clinical observations, and interviews were analyzed to understand the educational needs and desires of the acute care research workforce. We then utilized Bloom’s Taxonomy to build acute care research competencies that are measurable for job performance and build off of foundational clinical research professionals’ domains and competencies developed by the Joint Task Force of Clinical Trial Competency. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Results suggest 35 special interest competencies for acute care clinical research professionals under 8 common domains set by the Joint Task Force of Clinical Trial Competency. Additionally an approved ACRC tactic, from actionable learnings through community assessments throughout 2017, is the creation of a Task Force made up of acute care research Principal Investigators and Clinical Research Directors to focus on the identified training and professional development obstacles in the clinical research enterprise. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The competencies developed for acute care research should serve as guidelines for training a workforce prepared for the challenges of conducting research with each acute audience, as its own vulnerable population. These competencies will guide development of a multi-pronged program of professional development that will include new hire onboarding, new hire on-job training, and ongoing on-job training.
2174 Building the next generation of translational researchers in health disparities
Authors: Noboa Carlamarie , de Pedro-Serbía Zulmarie , de Laurido Lourdes E. Soto , Chardon Aracelis H.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Translational research involves researchers’ teams working together to address health issues. However, successful translational researchers in health disparities require a set of competencies and skills. In order to increase the number of new minority investigators in translational research focused on health disparities, the Hispanics-in-Research Capability: SoHP & SoM Partnership and the Puerto Rico Clinical and Translational Research Consortium designed and implemented a webinar series “Fostering the Next Generation of Researchers in Health Disparities.” METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: From March 31 to July 14, 2017, this webinar series offered the theoretical perspectives of health disparities, research methodology specific to its study, and intervention strategies to address health disparities in communities through minority investigators. National and local interdisciplinary experts were the presenters. Participants’ experience and impact were assessed through a self-administrated questionnaire. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: A total of 78 minority investigators participated in this webinar. Overall, participants indicated that the webinar improved their knowledge and skills about health disparities research. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Results guide the programs actions plans to enhance and support the translational researchers’ capacity. Diverse capacity building initiatives including peer-to-peer education, online course, tailored coaching, and other interventions have been designed to address researchers’ needs. This webinar was a pathway to build the next generation of translational researchers in health disparities.
2515 Cure Quest: Teaching the complexities of drug discovery and development through an adventure game
Authors: Chang Benjamin , Lawson Shawn , Ruiz Kathleen , Si Mei , Stewart Jeremy , Bagiella Emilia , Gabrilove Janice L. , Benn Emma K.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: “Cure Quest” is an adventure quest game for mobile tablets that aims to teach the player about the complexities of discovery and development of new medicines. The game instills a sense of wonderment into the learning process, taking the player to a world of magic where a mysterious condition has affected the land and they must follow the steps of the discovery and development process to find a treatment. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The game is being developed through a collaboration between faculty and students at ISMMS and the Games and Simulation Arts and Science Program at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. The first target audience is 2nd–3rd year medical students, with the future goal of adapting the game to a broader population. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The game is currently in development, but the project has yielded insight into the design process for serious games in medicine. We found that for a game of this type it is essential not just to have both designers and subject matter experts, but to enable cross-pollination of modes of thinking. Through multiple design iterations and focus groups, we found that a game design approach rooted in narrative and allegorical abstraction would have a better ability to engage the target audience than one focused only on realistic simulation. When complete, we anticipate that the game will improve understanding of the core concepts in drug discovery. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: If successful, the game-based learning approach can help fill key gaps in current formal medical and scientific training, as well as gaps in understanding among the general public. The design process serves as an informative model of evolving collaborative team science.
2145 Drug formulation strategies: A vital but nearly invisible component in translational education
Authors: MacArthur Robert B. , Vaughan Roger , Coller Barry S.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: To develop a KL2 curriculum on the science and art of drug formulation. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Develop training materials for KL2 scholars that outline the art of formulation development. Materials will include syllabi, reading materials, and course work. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: This will enhance the training of KL2 scholars by incorporating formulation development concepts into their human health enhancing research projects. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: For new chemical entities, formulation goals must be realistic and move along in a step-wise manner from the laboratory bench, through toxicology studies, and on to Phase 1 studies. By training scholars in phase-specific formulation goals, their interactions with funding agencies, formulation scientists, and regulators will be more efficient, productive, and successful. For those scholars who are working to improve existing treatments, introducing the concept of formulation improvements that can create new indications, or improve efficacy, safety and patient compliance will open up more possibilities for creative product development.
2526 E-learning for best practices in social and behavioral research: A multisite pilot evaluation
Authors: Murphy Susan L. , Samuels Elias M. , Byks-Jazayeri Christine , Champagne Ellen , Hahn Jordan , Eakin Brenda , Kolb Robert , Behar-Horenstein Linda S. , Gardner Susan , Ennever Fanny , Roth Mary-Tara , Dubocovich Margarita L.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: To evaluate the NIH-sponsored Best Practices for Social and Behavioral Research e-learning course. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Four universities partnered in a pilot study to evaluate this new course. Outcomes from 294 participants completing the course included efficient progress through the training, perceived relevance of the course to current work, level of engagement with the course material, intent to work differently as a result of the course, and downloading digital resources. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Participants rated the course as relevant and engaging (6.4 and 5.8 on a 7-point Likert scale) and 96% of respondents said they would recommend the course to colleagues. Qualitative analysis of participant testimonials suggested that most respondents had a readiness to change in the way they worked as a result of the course. Overall, results suggest participants completed the course efficiently, perceived outcomes positively and worked differently after the training. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: These results will inform new guidelines for future participants (e.g., average time to complete, expectations for knowledge checks in the training). Future studies should include larger samples and closer coordination and communication between study sites.
2426 Fostering cross-disciplinary research: Lessons learned from STTEP-UP
Authors: Person Hannibal , Smalls-Mantey Adjoa R. , Ayeni Oluwasheyi , Hernandez-Saurez Dagmar , Benn Emma K. T. , Bagiella Emilia , Gabrilove Janice L.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: N/A. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: N/A. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: N/A. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: There is an increasing need to foster cross-disciplinary research to address complex problems within healthcare. The Sinai Team-based Translational Education Program: the URM Propeller (STTEP-UP) is a NCATS funded program through the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. Its goal is to facilitate URM post-doctoral trainees becoming innovative leaders in clinical and translational research. The program includes a team-based research component, where fellows collaborate on a project. This year, disciplines represented by the four fellows include Cardiology, Psychiatry, Neurology, and Pediatrics. Identifying a clinical question and designing an investigation was facilitated by group brainstorming meetings with program mentors. Fellows designed a project to identify medical testing and prescribing that were not clinically indicated throughout the healthcare system, with the goal of exploring whether an intervention, including provider education, could reduce ordering practices. In addition to regular in-person meetings, a licensed virtual learning environment and free web-based sharing platform were used to foster collaboration. Challenges faced throughout this process, included fellows struggling to find protected time, difficulties accessing broad sets of data across the healthcare system, and overcoming administrative barriers between departments. Strengths of this approach, included fellows learning new research strategies and feeling a deeper sense of commonality with their peers. Overall, this experience supports the idea that cross-disciplinary research improves the collaboration and education of emerging researchers. However, addressing logistical and systems-based barriers may better facilitate this education and research.
2136 Frequently overlooked challenges of pragmatic trials
Authors: Kessler Rodger S.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: To review the multiple differences between traditional research design and on the ground pragmatic trials. To review two pragmatic projects, identify core assumptions and to contrast assumptions with the reality of conducting T3 and T4 research. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Observational mixed methods multi trial review of large multi site implementations. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The complexities of implementation on the ground were consistently greater than anticipated and required changing assumptions and research design elements. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Research findings are tremendously influenced by design and design implementation decisions. Anticipating the scope and breadth of the challenges will assist potential of successful implementation.
2243 Perceptions of translational science among faculty researchers: A survey to inform the efforts of a multidisciplinary education and research program
Authors: Devi Gayathri , McMains Jennifer C. , Freel Stephanie A. , Hawley Jeffrey
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Opinions regarding translational science vary incredibly. We aimed to gather a baseline of perceptions, barriers, and needs for translational science among faculty investigators. We will use these data to define areas in which the Duke Multidisciplinary Education and Research in Translational Science program (MERITS) can work to address, educate and improve. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Data was collected via a scalar, multiple-choice, open-ended survey including questions regarding, definition, impact, barriers, resources, and training preferences specific to translational science. Digital survey links were emailed to Duke University faculty. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: In total, 350 responses were collected. While perceptions of translational science varied, common defining elements were noted, including multidisciplinary collaboration (69%) and transitions between research stages (63%). Translational science was said to have an overall positive impact, despite 37% of participants stating issues of insufficient institution-wide support and 62% citing minimal training in translational science skills. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Effective support for translational science requires a multi-faceted approach, as perceptions differ among investigators and between career stages. Duke MERITS will seek to standardize education and support ranging from teambuilding to entrepreneurship, and to promote support from institutional leadership to reduce barriers and facilitate acceleration of translational science.
2531 Phase II award: Evaluation of outcomes in preparing independent researchers by continued mentoring and career development support (2006–2016)
Authors: San Martin Maria T. , Rios Ruth , Segarra Barbara , Martinez Karen G. , Estape Estela , Irizarry-Ramírez Margarita
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The Hispanic Clinical and Translational Education and Career Development program entails formal research training (Phase I) through an established post-doctoral Master of Science in Clinical and Translational Research. The most qualified graduates from Phase I compete to receive 1–2 years support for continued mentoring and career development (Phase II program) aiming to apply for a regular research grant or career award (K or R series). OBJECTIVE: This project aims to present an evaluation of the Phase II program and Scholars outcomes. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: METHODS: Participants (n=12) responded to a semistructured interview including 43 questions about program’s processes and outcomes. Descriptive and content analysis was done. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: RESULTS: Results show that 83% are women, 42% are MD, and 67% are affiliated to the University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus and 67% were able to fulfill their career development expectations during the Phase II Award. At present (92%) are conducting clinical research in their current position. Outcomes include new selection of research line, K Awards, and enhanced skills in clinical and translational research DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: DISCUSSION: Challenges identified were: time management, better coaching and a more structured mentoring experience. The main benefit of the program were protected time, research budget, and the opportunity to acquire more research experience.
2474 Promoting collaboration among researchers: A team science training curriculum
Authors: Knapke Jacqueline , Amy Short  , Tamilyn Bakas  , Dariotis Jacinda , Heubi Elizabeth , Regan Saundra , Speer Barbara , Kues John
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: As multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary, and transdisciplinary research has become imperative to solving the complex problems of contemporary healthcare, teaching researchers how to create and maintain high-functioning and innovative teams has also become paramount. In Fall 2016, the Center for Improvement Science (CIS) core, in collaboration with the Translational Workforce Development (TWD) core, at the Cincinnati Center for Clinical & Translational Science & Training (CCTST) began offering training in Team Science in an effort to better prepare researchers for collaborative work. Since then, the CIS has expanded Team Science education into a multifaceted and adaptable curriculum that includes workshops, team consultations, Grand Rounds, grant writing assistance, grant review, train-the-trainer, and a graduate-level course. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Over almost 2 years, we have offered 9 unique workshops attended by individuals from the University of Cincinnati, UCHealth, and Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center. Recruitment was primarily accomplished via email invitations. Topics ranged from introductory team science issues such as Creating Teams, Team Effectiveness, and Team Leadership to more advanced team science areas such as Team Dysfunctions and Conflict Management. In addition, we have consulted with researchers on Team Science components of grant applications and served as grant reviewers for Team Science elements in a competitive, internal research funding program. We have developed tools and teaching strategies for faculty members tasked with teaching students about collaboration (train-the-trainer). And finally, we offered a graduate level course on Collaboration and Team Science. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Over 250 participants attended our workshops and Grand Rounds, many at the faculty level, but we also had research staff and graduate students register. Content was very well-received, with workshop evaluations typically scoring in the high 4.5 and above range (on a 5-point scale, with 5 being the highest rating). The CIS team received (and accepted) at least 2 follow-up invitations from workshop participants to provide training to an additional team or group. We are tracking data on long-term effects of team science training and consultation, both in research productivity and team satisfaction/longevity. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The goals of Team Science training at the Cincinnati CCTST are 2-fold: to provide practical knowledge, skills, and tools to enhance transdisciplinary collaboration and to promote systemic changes at UC, CCHMC, and UCHealth that support team science. After almost 2 years of training, team science is gaining traction among key leaders at our local institutions and a broader audience of researchers who see how collaborative practice can enhance their professions.
2490 Research navigation services and onboarding: Succeeding in the research environment
Authors: Brouwer Rebecca Namenek , Swamy Geeta
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Describe (1) the components of the research navigation service and consultation/onboarding program, (2) use and adoption of the services, and (3) the overall satisfaction from the research community. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Duke offers 2 programs to support researchers: Research Navigation and Researcher Onboarding. The services aim to connect researchers to resources, offices, funding opportunities, and other collaborators. The general Research Navigation Service is an on-demand “hotline,” where navigators answer questions from researchers across the institution, helping them understand processes, best practices, and how to locate resources or potential collaborators. Navigators can be reached via the myRESEARCHhome portal, email, or by phone. The researcher onboarding program is a free 1:1 consultative service, focused on the researcher’s individual portfolio, stage of career, and immediate plans in the research arena. The goal is to equip researchers “from the start” to be successful. Researchers are identified via the new faculty hire list, or by referral. Both services are provided by the myRESEARCHnavigators team, who are trained in a variety of research areas, from basic to clinical to social sciences, and are familiar with Duke. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Use of both services has increased substantially over the year. Of the almost 200 faculty members hired into the School of Medicine in 2017, ~75% have taken part in the onboarding program, and 91% have rated the service as 5-stars. The content of the sessions will be described. The Research Navigation service has fielded hundreds of calls since its inception, with topics including Equipment and Facilities (55 requests), Study start up (44 requests), Innovation and Technology (15 requests), and Regulation and Policy (25 requests). Categorization of requests, users of the services, and other information about the programs will be described. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The navigation and onboarding services are proving to be a successful way to increase efficiency and understanding of processes and resources across the institution. Feedback from the users, coupled with high referral rates to the programs, suggests that the program is helping researchers feel better equipped with regard to their research planning, conduct, and analysis.
2146 Training cycle in clinical and translational research (CTR) for undergraduate health sciences programs (HSUP) at University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus (UPR-MSC) and Universidad Central del Caribe (UCC): Pathway for students and faculty
Authors: Irizarry-Ramírez Margarita , García Rubén G. , Santiago Edgardo L. R. , Santiago Juan C. S. , Noboa Carlamarie , Moscoso-Álvarez José , Izcoa Elaine R.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Responding to the need and interest of students and faculty of the UHSP in learning about CTR, the Title V Cooperative Project between UPR-MSC and UCC, developed and offered a training cycle (TC) in CTR. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Undergraduate students (US), undergraduate faculty (UF), and graduate students (GS) were invited to register in: Research Education Towards Opportunities (RETO) and Mentorship Offering Training Opportunities for Research (MOTOR), which consisted of 20 hours of training in CTR, with interdisciplinary sessions in: Introduction and preparation of a presentation in CTR; Identify, interview and share a presentation of a CT researcher; participation in conferences and a summer camp in CTR. At the end of the TC, surveys—satisfaction and needs assessment—for training in CTR were administered. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Thirty-three (33) registered in the TC, distributed: 13 (39.39%) US in RETO, 12 (36.36%) GS and 8 (24.24%) UF in MOTOR. Of these, 25 (75.75%) answered and submitted the on-line surveys and received a completion certificate. All (100%) were satisfied with the TC, and for 96% of the respondents, their expectations were fulfilled, and will continue in the TC. They selected critical review, scientific communication, and cultural diversity as thematic areas of interest. In addition, 60% of them selected neuroscience, cancer and medical imaging as main research areas of interest. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The TC demonstrated to be an effective strategy to provide new knowledge, experiences, and interest in CTR. It also established a pathway for future engagement in CTR.
2056 Culture meets person-centered care: An empirical study of mental health and care planning among Latinx and Asian communities
Authors: Desai Miraj U. , Paranamana Nadika , Restrepo-Toro Maria , Ocasio Luz , Herring Yolanda , Crespo Merarilisse , Davidson Larry
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: This poster will present preliminary results from a study examining whether person-centered care planning—a new innovation in community mental health care—responds to the culture of, and helps reduce health disparities among, Latinx and Asian populations. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The study was funded by an NIMH/NIH Administrative Supplement for Minority Health and Mental Health Disparities Research and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the authors’ university. Participants included 26 mental health clients and 12 mental health providers of diverse backgrounds. The study employed empirical qualitative methods to explore client understandings of mental health, client experiences of culture and discrimination, and the process of care engagement and care planning from both client and provider perspectives. The analysis team itself included people of Latinx and Asian background, as well as a person with lived experience of mental health recovery. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We anticipate that the results will show ways in which person-centered care successfully incorporates clients’ goals, but that there will also be evidence of ways in which the clinical encounter struggles to incorporate more social, collective, and cultural values and approaches. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The poster will present up-to-date findings on this project, which speaks to pressing issues of health equity and community engagement for 2 of the fastest growing populations in the country.
2558 Current efforts to increase adolescent human papillomavirus vaccination rates using school-based setting in Starr County, Texas
Authors: Rodriguez Ana Marina , Schmeler Kathleen , Kaul Sapna , Kuo Yong-Fang
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Improving human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates ultimately decreases the morbidity and mortality of HPV-associated diseases. A school-based program was piloted in the Rio Grande City Consolidated Independent School District (RGCCISD) to increase HPV vaccination. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We assessed baseline HPV vaccination; surveyed 622 parents of eligible children aged ≥9 years; and piloted and developed a school-based HPV education and vaccination program in 1 middle school in 2017 and 4 additional middle schools in 2018. The parent survey included (1) demographic information, (2) an assessment of parental knowledge about the HPV vaccine, and (3) information about their children and HPV vaccine experience. Results of the parent survey and pilot program are in progress. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: As of 9/1/2016, 20.4% of the 7527 RGCCISD eligible students (≥9 years) had completed the HPV vaccine. Baseline completion rates were higher for RGCCISD students aged 12–14 years compared with students aged 9–11 and ≥15 years (28.4% vs. 16.5%). Baseline completion rates for RGCCISD adolescents were substantially lower than those reported in NIS-Teen and for Texas (42% females and 28% males for NIS-Teen vs. 41% and 24% for the state of Texas). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Initial results show that engagement with key stakeholders is important and schools are a great venue for delivering and increasing HPV vaccination.
2458 Determining the prevalence and associated multilevel characteristics of undiagnosed diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Nwanyanwu Kristen , Nunez-Smith Marcella , Desai Mayur , Gardner Thomas
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in adults aged 25–64 years. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy is projected to increase 4-fold by 2050. Racial and ethnic minorities have a higher prevalence and greater severity of diabetic retinopathy. Over 50% of racial and ethnic minorities are not screened for diabetic retinopathy per guidelines. With timely diagnosis and sight-saving treatment, blindness from diabetic retinopathy is largely preventable. The objective of this study is to identify racial and ethnic disparities in the population that do not know they have diabetic retinopathy and to compare those disparities to those in the population that do know they have diabetic retinopathy. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Specifically, we have identified a nationally representative survey and clinical examination data to estimate the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetic retinopathy, to identify racial and ethnic disparities in that population, and to compare those disparities in the population with known diabetic retinopathy. We hypothesize that racial and ethnic disparities will be higher in the population with undiagnosed diabetic retinopathy in comparison to the population with known diabetic retinopathy. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We hypothesize that racial and ethnic disparities will be higher in the population with undiagnosed diabetic retinopathy in comparison to the population with known diabetic retinopathy. The results of that analysis will instruct qualitative interviews that will advance the understanding of the factors that contribute to the decision whether to be screened for diabetic retinopathy. A decision tree will be created to categorize the hierarchy of barriers and facilitators. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: A better understanding of the population with undiagnosed diabetic retinopathy and the factors that influence the decision to get screened will help us not only to address disparities in diabetic retinopathy, but also to prevent blindness from retinopathy.
2067 Developing a cultural adaptation of a telephone genetic counseling intervention for Latina women at-risk of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer
Authors: de Mendoza Alejandra Hurtado , Trillos Sara Gómez , Schwartz Marc , Peshkin Beth , Hamilton Heidi E. , Fiallos Katie , Lynce Filipa C. , Vadaparampil Susan , Sheppard Vanessa B. , Adams-Campbell Lucile , Otero Andrea , Graves Kristi
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The overall goal of this project is to enhance the use of GCRA in Latina breast cancer survivors at high risk of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer to reduce disparities in GCRA uptake. The aims of the study are to (1) develop a cultural adaptation of an evidence-based TGC intervention that consists of phone genetic counseling and a booklet, (2) evaluate the impact of TGC Versus Usual Care, and (3) explore the communication patterns in TGC and genetic counseling sessions with an interpreter. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We are conducting a 2-phase, mixed methods study. In Phase I we will develop a cultural adaption of an evidence-based intervention (TGC) for high-risk Latina breast cancer survivors using the Learner Verification and Revision Framework (n=15). In Phase II we will use a cluster randomized design with four community sites randomized to Spanish TGC (n=2 sites) or usual care (n=2 sites) (n=60; 15 per site). The primary outcome is genetic counseling uptake. Among women who receive genetic counseling either through TGC (n~30) or with an interpreter (n~15), we will assess counseling quality by reviewing 20 randomly selected audiotaped sessions (10 TGC; 10 interpreters). We will evaluate women’s HBOC knowledge and satisfaction with counseling. Communication processes and outcomes will be assessed using gold standard RIAS quantitative coding system and qualitative discourse analysis. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We elicited input from transdisciplinary team members to develop an initial adaptation of a TGC print booklet and intervention protocol for use with high-risk Latina breast cancer survivors with limited English proficiency. The booklet contains low-literacy information about HBOC, risk factors, pros and cons of testing, and management strategies. Based on these materials and prior work, we anticipate TGC will consist of one 1 hour or less TGC session by phone. Participants interested in pursuing testing will receive a saliva kit and will participate in a second TGC session (30 min) to discuss test results and management options. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Given access barriers and the shortage of Spanish-speaking genetic counselors, adapting and translating TGC intervention is a promising strategy that could reduce disparities by broadening the reach and accessibility to genetic counseling while enhancing the quality of the service for Latinas with limited English proficiency.
2129 Let’s talk about sex: Does language create a barrier to women reporting and receiving treatment for dyspareunia in the Spanish-speaking community?
Authors: Eisenach Natalie , Swan Kimberly , Zoorob Dani
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Dyspareunia is a type of female sexual dysfunction estimated to affect 8%–22% of women of all ages. There is concern that these statistics do not depict the true prevalence, because it frequently goes undiagnosed and untreated. By 2050, Latinos will make up 30% of the total population in the United States. As our patient population becomes more diverse, we need to ensure that our healthcare practices accommodate the changes. Our goals are to determine the prevalence of dyspareunia within our patient population and to identify if language impacts patients reporting symptoms of sexual dysfunction to their healthcare provider. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Our study is a convenience sample, cross-sectional survey of English and Spanish-speaking women, ages 18–45, who present to university-affiliated clinics. In total, 100 women from each language group will be studied. The survey will be completed in REDCap and will include the validated questionnaires for the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Visual Analog Scales for pain, and Patient Global Impression of Severity and Improvement. Additional data on demographics and patient discussion of pain with their healthcare provider will be collected. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The demographic and pain discussion questions will identify reporting rates. The FSFI score will be used to identify patients with sexual dysfunction and dyspareunia and calculate the prevalence in each language group. The domains will be analyzed to assess variations between populations. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Dyspareunia has a great impact on patients’ quality of life when untreated. This study will allow us to identify barriers to diagnosing and treating cases of dyspareunia. If we detect differences in reporting rates between the language groups, future research could be tailored and conducted to identify the specific problems in communication. With this knowledge, we can improve how we discuss sexual health in clinic and ultimately improve quality of care for all patients.
2193 The influence of health insurance stability on racial/ethnic differences in diabetes control and management
Authors: Brown Alison G. M. , Kressin Nancy R. , Terrin Norma , Hanchate Amresh , Suzukida Jillian , Kher Sucharita , Price Lori L. , LeClair Amy
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The aim of this study is to examine if stable health insurance coverage is associated with improved type 2 diabetes (DM) control and with reduced racial/ethnic health disparities. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We utilized EMR data (2005–2013) from 2 large, urban academic health centers with a racially/ethnically diverse patient population to longitudinally examine insurance coverage, and diabetes outcomes (A1C, LDL cholesterol, BP) and management measures (e.g., A1C and BP monitoring). We categorized insurance stability status during each 6-month interval as 6 separate categories based upon type (private, public, uninsured) and continuity of insurance (continuous, switches, or gaps in coverage). We will examine the association between insurance stability status and DM outcomes adjusting for time, age, sex, comorbidities, site of care, education, and income. Additional analysis will examine if insurance stability moderates the impact of race/ethnicity on DM outcomes. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Overall, we anticipate that stable health insurance coverage will improve measures for DM care, particularly for racially/ethnically diverse patients. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The finding of an interaction between insurance stability status and race/ethnicity in improved diabetes management and control would inform the national health care policy debate on the impact of stable health insurance.