bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation roughness of the steel rollers’ surface layer with Cubitron™ II grinding wheels by the quickpoint technique
Authors: NIZANKOWSKI Czeslaw , STRUZIKIEWICZ Grzegorz , MATRAS Andrzej
Published: December 2017

This paper describes a simulation model of the process of developing steel rollers’ surface layer roughness obtained with Cubitron™ II grinding wheels by the Quickpoint technique, depending on the assumed grinding conditions. In particular, the authors present physical assumptions of the respective model, a conception and algorithm of its operation, and the results of simulation tests. The results were later verified in specific experiments by comparing the statistical average values of the selected ground steel rollers’ surface roughness parameters with the values generated by simulations
Egressos dos cursos de licenciatura em educação física: um estudo de revisão
Authors: Pereira Marcos Paulo Vaz de Campos , Pereira Daiani Casagrande , Farias Gelcemar Oliveira
Published: December 2017

Este estudo objetivou averiguar os periódicos que reportem os egressos dos cursos de formação inicial em Educação Física. Ao realizar a análise percebe-se que a abordagem a esta população, egressos, visa responder questionamentos e reflexões dos diferentes aspectos da formação inicial e da formação continuada. A partir do levantamento de resultados, pode-se perceber a importância dos estudos diante a formação inicial em busca de suprir as falhas e adequá-la para que atenda da melhor forma às necessidades dos futuros profissionais, e que a formação continuada seja efetiva para atualização e aprofundamento do conhecimento dos egressos.
Produção científica sobre esporte adaptado e paralímpico em periódicos brasileiros da educação física
Authors: Schmitt Beatriz Dittrich , Bertoldi Rafaela , Ledur Josiana Ayala , Begossi Tuany Defaveri , Mazo Janice Zarpellon
Published: December 2017

Esse estudo objetivou analisar a produção científica sobre esporte adaptado e paralímpico em periódicos nacionais da Educação Física. Realizou-se pesquisa bibliométrica entre 1998 a 2013. Examinaram-se 61 periódicos, sendo que 26 publicaram artigos sobre o tema, nove periódicos apresentaram conteúdo inacessível e em 26 periódicos não publicaram sobre o tema. Nos 26 periódicos com publicações sobre a temática, 121 artigos foram publicados. Em 2002 houve maior número de publicações em relação a 1998 a 2007. Esses artigos demonstram diferentes objetivos e metodologias. Conclui-se que as publicações sobre os esportes adaptados e paralímpicos encontram-se em expansão no país.
KORPORATIVNA DRUSTVENA ODGOVORNOST
Authors: Macura Rajko , Deretić Nikola
Published: December 2017

Cilj rada je da se istrazi iuticaj korporativne odgovornosti kompanija na njihovo poslovanje, kao ipecepcijepotrosaca vezano za komponente drustvene odgovornostipreduzeca. Kompanije korporativnu socijalnu odgovornost, njenu ulogu i mogucnosti uglavnomposmatraju u svjetlu odrzive konkurentskepred- nosti. Socijalno odgovorno ponasanje kompanije doprinosi dobrobiti zajednice kroz diskreciono, dobrovoljno djelovanje u korist sopstvenih interesa. Svojim odgovornim djelovanjem stite se i unaprjeduju drustvena dobra, a sa druge strane uspostavlja korektan i cvrst poslovan odnos sa svojim stejkholderima, medu kojima su zaposleni, potrosaci, investitori, lokalna zajednica, dobavlja- ci i drugi. Na taj nacin, kompanije se diferencijaciju i ostvaruju konkurentsku prednost. Za kompanije je vazno da kreiraju optimalnu strategiju koja kom- paniji omogucava izgradnju prednosti nad konkurentima. U istrazivanju se doslo do saznanja da strateski pristup prema konceptu korporativne socijalne odgovornosti potpomaze kompanijama u izgradnji cvrstih dugorocnih odnosa sa zaposlenima, potrosacima, investitorima, lokalnom zajednicom,dobavljacima i drugim stejkholderima.
AKTIVNO UCENJE MATEMATIKE U RAZREDNOJ NASTAVI
Authors: Kovačević Predrag
Published: December 2017

Aktivno ucenje matematike sintagma je koja se sve cesce pojavljuje u peda- gosko-metodickoj literaturi, a reprezentira aktivnosti u kojima se ucenicima osigurava visoki stepen kooperativnosti, samostalnosti i nadzora nad organi- zacijom, tokom procesa ucenja matematike. Vaznost takvog ucenikova angaz- manapotvrduje i metodickiprincip vlastite aktivnosti ucenika, koji je “conditio sine qua non”svakog ucenja. Aktivnim ucenjem matematike bitno se mijenja i uloga ucitelja (nastavnika), koji od predavaca sve vise postaje mentor i suor- ganizator procesa ucenja. U ovom radu istrazili smo u kolikoj mjeri i na koji nacin ucenici i ucitelji razredne nastave potsticu i koriste vlastitu aktivnost ucenika u svladavanju matematickih sadrzaja. Rezultati istrazivanjapokaza- li su da su glavni uzroci neaktivnosti ucenika strahovi od matematike i straho- vi od neuspjeha, ali i nedovoljna motivisanost i podsticanje ucenika od strane ucitelje, Usprkos brojnim nedostacima u organizaciji procesa ucenja, istrazi- vanje jepokazalo visokstepen a tivnosti ucenika u savladavanju matematickih sadrzaja.
REAKTIVIRANJE BROWNFIELD-A U SRBIJI
Authors: Gligorijević Jasmina
Published: December 2017

Ulaganja stranih investitora u brownfield lokacijepodrazumevaju ulaganja u zemljiste i objekte koji su, danas, napusteni ili se minimalno koriste, cesto izazivajuci zagadenja zivotne sredine. Ove lokacije nalaze se u nekada razvi- jenim lokacijama u gradskim, industrijskim, prigradskim ili ruralnim podru- cjima. Revitalizacija, odnosno ponovno ozivljavanje brownfield lokacija ima pozitivne efekte na mnogim nivoima. Naime, ulaganje investicija u brownfield lokacije doprinosi povecanju ekonomskog razvoja, kroz porast zaposlenosti, investicija i revitalizaciju naselja. Ponovno ozivljavanje brownfield lokacija ima i fiskalni uticaj, koji ukljucuje generisanje novih izvora prihoda lokalne samouprave izvedene kroz strana ulaganja u neproduktivna zemljista i sma- njenje neophodnih ulaganja u infrastrukturu. Osim toga, ulaganje sredstava, kroz brownfield investicije ima povoljan uticaj i na zivotnu sredinu, cuvajuci zemljiste od negativnih spoljnih uticaja, smanjenje emisijegasova, poboljsanja kvaliteta vode i slicno.Stimulisanjem stranih investitora da ulazu u brownfield lokacije, gde vec postoji tehnicka i saobracajna infrastuktura postala bi velika sansa Republike Srbije, kojom bi se omogucio brzi i stabilniji ekonomski rast sa ciljem daljeg ukljucivanja zemlje u medunarodne integracione procese.
ALGORITHM AES - STRUCTURE, TRANSFORMATIONS AND PERFORMANCE
Authors: Damjanović Boris
Published: December 2017

Today’s cryptographic algorithms are designed in a way that they combine mathematical theory and practice of computer science in order to improve resistance to cryptanalysis. Cryptographic algorithms are designed around the binary data format keeping in mind the presumption of hardening possibility of cracking the algorithm. One of the algorithms whose resistance to cryptanalysis during the past 16 years is extensively tested algorithm AES. The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is the first cryptographic standard aroused as the result of public competition established by U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). AES has emerged as restriction on winner of this competition, called Rijndael algorithm on the block size of 128 bits. From the moment of its acceptance of the standard in 2001, testing and research of its resistance on cryptanalysis and research focused on improving its performance are made. This paper presents a detailed overview of the algorithm AES, together with all its transformations and with ideas to speed up its work.
ZASTITA PODATAKA U GLOBALNOM LANCU SNABDEVANJA - PRIMENA SMART CM PLATFORME
Authors: Kaurin Tanja , Kilibarda Milorad
Published: December 2017

Globalni lanac snabdevanja obuhvata veliki broj ucesnika, kao sto su proizvodaci, distributeri, logisticke i transportne kompanije, brodari, granic- ni terminali, carina i sl. Uspesno povezivanje svih ucesnika u jedan sinhroni- zovan lanac nije moguce bez informacionih tokova, koji obezbeduju efikasan protok informacija na razlicitim nivoima. Ucesnici uglavnom imaju sopstve- ne informacione sisteme, a istovremeno su sastavni delovi razlicitih infomra- cionih i komunikacionih mreza na globalnom nivou. U takvim uslovima poslovanja od kljucnog znacaja je bezbednost informacija. Ovaj rad se upra- vo bavi problematikom zastite podataka u globalnom lancu otpreme i ispo- ruke kontejnera. Prvo su sagledani zahtevi kao sto su: transparetnost, bezbednost, pouzdanost, pravovremenost, ekonomicnost, i efikasnost u lancu snabdevanja, a zatim je predlozeno resenje koje se zasniva na SMART CM platformi. Predstavljena je funkcionalna arhitektura platforme, kljucni sce- nariji za uspesnu primenu i modeli funkcionisanja kroz odredene blokove i slojeve. Definisani su formatiporuka i izvori informacija. Na kraju supred- stavljene mogucnosti i ogranicenja primeneplatforme sa stanovisa najvazni- jih ucesnika u lancu otpreme i isporuke kontejnera.
RESEARCH OF THE POTENTIALS OF TWITTER SOCIAL NETWORK IN CRISIS SITUATIONS
Authors: Sovilj Slaviša , Vasković Vojkan , Bačević Jelena , Orlić Nenad
Published: December 2017

This paper describes an approach for harnessing Twitter social network in crisis situations. Main goal was to investigate possibilities of using Twitter as a platform for collecting and dissemination of information during the natural and environmental disasters. Research context is focused on the period of floods in the Western Balkans during May 2014, particularly Bosnia and Herzegovina. A method for collecting, storing, analyzing and presenting data, i.e. tweets and retweets from Twitter, is described. Further, an application for gathering and visualization of data from Twitter API was developed. Research sample included 45480 Twitter messages from users in the region of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia and Croatia. Data were investigated using Social network analysis techniques with respect to location, content and user characteristics. Study results pointed out that Twitter is a valuable source of important information in crisis situations, particularly as a provider of prompt information from the endangered territories.
JУГОИСТОЧНА ЕВРОПА ПОСЛЕ 11. СЕПТЕМБРА
Authors: Матијашевић Дарко
Published: December 2017

Jугоисточна Европа има сво)у географску али посебно политичко- филозофску или неспорну геополитичку специфичност. Посто)е )асне специфичне одреднице ще кандиду/у Европу и меніугоисток као значену детерминанту исторще и тока не само савремених геополитичких односа. Контроверзни дога^ащ око 11. септембра 2001. године значено одреЬуіу нове светске процесе у геополитичком смислу. Долази до апсолутне инструментализацще геополитичке теорще атлантизма у пракси, унилатералним активностима САД и импликацщама на Европу али и іугоисточну Европу. Нови контекст доводи Европу и Іугоисточну Европу у реални и изазовни однос са новом геополитичком збилом а са импликацщама у широком спектру. Ова) аспект се додатно усложмава чименицом да се іугоисток Европе налази у непосредном додиру, како географски тако и геополитички са тзв. простором Великог Балкана.
AMERIKA I JUGOSLAVIA: KONTEJNMENT, KONTEJNER, KONTROLA I KONTRA
Authors: Nikolić Domagoj
Published: December 2017

Obicno se kaze da u vanjskoj politici nema trajnih saveznistava, a nevolj- ko se priznaju i emocije, iako postoje. One su razne; ima nostalgije, ljubavi, mrznje, pohlepe i svih drugih koje su svojstvene covjeku. No, tokom vreme- na uspostavi se kontinuitet i logika koja oblikuje poteze svakog cinioca medunarodnih odnosa. To su takozvani procesi dugog trajanja pred kojima se osjecaji povlace i koji ipak oblikuju neka dugotrajna saveznistva.
POSTIZANJE POLITICKIH I EKONOMSKIH CILJEVA KROZ OBRAZOVANJE JAVNOSTI
Authors: Broćeta Aleksandra
Published: December 2017

Cilj rada je istrazivanje i objasnjenje uticaja politike i medija na obrazo- vanje javnosti. Koliko jeprisutna etika javne rijeci i da li je uokvirena istinitim informacijama pokazace sagledavanje trenutne drustveno-politicke situacije. Uloga javnih servisa je od velikog znacaja, kao i prisustvo velikog broja pri- vatnih medijskih kuca, koje svakodnevnoplasiraju ogroman broj informacija pokusavajuci dobiti povjerenje glavnih konzumenata medija - slusalaca i gledalaca.Obrazovne ustanove takode vode konkurentsku borbu za privlacenje stu- denata. Paralelno sa animiranjem buducih, akademskih gradana, privlace se i odgovarajuci naucni radnici, koji na osnovu naucnog rada i prakse trebaju doprinijeti povecanju kvaliteta obrazovanja.Obrazovanje javnosti se odvija paralelno kroz obrazovanje tokom skolova- nja i kroz svakodnevno primanje informacija od strane medija. Zaokruzena cjelina prikazace pojedinca kao dio javnosti i javno mnjenje kao cjelinu, koja moze uticati na promjene. Odluka o istoj je odpresudnogznacaja.
PRILOG POZNAVANJU RASPROSTRANJENJA NEKIH RIJETKIH VRSTA IZ RODA CAREX L. U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI
Authors: Milanović Đorđije
Published: December 2017

U radu se obra
The Crystallization of an Anti-Dutch Narrative
Authors: Goodfriend Joyce D.
Published: December 2017

This chapter examines the enduring confusion about the persistence of local Dutch culture in British New York, showing that cultural authority was imposed on Dutch New Yorkers through an officially sanctioned campaign against “Dutchness.” The chapter considers the anti-Catholic rhetoric employed by Jacob Leisler and his supporters, who considered themselves above all good Protestants, and how Leisler's adversaries branded his group as Dutch malcontents. It also discusses the ways that the English rulers of New York and their allies, in an attempt to build an anti-Dutch narrative, launched a multidimensional cultural offensive aimed at weakening the grip of Dutch culture on the city's longtime residents. As a result, New York City's Dutch culture was transformed from an alternative culture to an oppositional culture.
Becoming Religious Consumers
Authors: Goodfriend Joyce D.
Published: December 2017

This chapter examines how ordinary men and women transposed the consumer mentality engendered in New York City's burgeoning marketplace to the religious sphere. New York's consumer revolution primed churchgoers to cross the threshold between cultural dependence and independence. Beginning in the 1740s and accelerating in subsequent decades, weekly newspapers featured advertisements intended to stimulate cravings for a variety of commercial products. As New Yorkers scanned pages filled with inventories of a widening array of commodities, their appetite for consumer goods increased. This chapter explores how the transformation of New Yorkers into religious consumers influenced the exercise of cultural authority in eighteenth-century New York City.
The Translator as a Mediator in the Dialogue of Literatures
Authors: Li Yuanchun , Latfullina Landysh G. , Nagumanova Elvira F. , Khabibullina Alsu Z.
Published: December 2017

The article raises the issue of translating the works of national literatures through an intermediate language since most of the works of the peoples of Russia find their readers in the world thanks to the Russian language. The urgency of this problem is obvious in modern conditions when the interest in Turkic-speaking literature is growing, and many Russian poets, like in the Soviet era, see themselves as the translators from national languages. On the example of the translation of the poem «tɵshtǝgechǝ bu kɵn – sǝer Һǝm iat …» (“the day is like a dream”) of the contemporary poetess Yulduz Minnullina both the strengths and the weaknesses of the modern translation school are considered. The word for word translation can lead to the unification of differences between literatures when the dominant language (the Russian language) imposes certain aesthetic principles on the original text. The most important aspect of the topic of interest is the consideration of the role of interlinear translation in the establishment of interliterary dialogue. Through interlinear translation a foreign work, endowed with its special world of ideas, images, national and artistic traditions, serves as the basis for dialogical relations that are indispensable for both the Russian-speaking reader who discovers the “other” literature, and the very work that is included in the dialogue in the “large time”. At the same time, the elimination of differences between literatures occurs when the translator, through the Russian language, by means of line-by-line translation, introduces the features of his own consciousness into a foreign work. In this case, the translation simplifies the content of the literature, equalizes the artistic merits, thereby projecting the life of the work onto communication, rather than dialogue.
The World of Nothing
Authors: Kayukov Valery A.
Published: December 2017

The article presents a comparative analysis of knowledge about the world of nothingness. J. Boehme pointed to the fact that the world of Nothing is everlasting emptiness, where and wherein the material world could emerge. But the thing is that the world of absolute emptiness did not vanish at the moment of beginning of the world, quite the reverse, it has somehow been permanently enlarging. What will happen next is still a question. Perhaps our world will begin to be moving back on a new spiral of development, perhaps a real transition to the world of nothing will have appeared in this subtle place. For the present it is clear that these two worlds have not touched each other in mutually beneficial communication so far, and everything from our world passes into the world of nothing, and in general, the world of nothing ontologically appears to be much more existential than the world of apparent reality. What can give us some kind of key point at least, be some kind of organon in interaction with these two worlds - with the world of Nothing in which there is no matter and which cannot be perceived by any senses, and with the world of matter in which all senses are unstable and changeable? In our opinion, the only beacon and the instrument of knowledge can be the mind. To understand this phenomenon, by benefiting from a comparative methodology, this study investigates opinions of a number of philosophers, J. Boehme, G.V.F. Hegel, M. Heidegger, and J.P. Sartre, on the existence of the world of nothing.
Combining occurrence and abundance distribution models for the conservation of the Great Bustard
Authors: Mi Chunrong , Huettmann Falk , Sun Rui , Guo Yumin
Published: December 2017

Species distribution models (SDMs) have become important and essential tools in conservation and management. However, SDMs built with count data, referred to as species abundance models (SAMs), are still less commonly used to date, but increasingly receiving attention. Species occurrence and abundance do not frequently display similar patterns, and often they are not even well correlated. Therefore, only using information based on SDMs or SAMs leads to an insufficient or misleading conservation efforts. How to combine information from SDMs and SAMs and how to apply the combined information to achieve unified conservation remains a challenge. In this study, we introduce and propose a priority protection index (PI). The PI combines the prediction results of the occurrence and abundance models. As a case study, we used the best-available presence and count records for an endangered farmland species, the Great Bustard (Otis tarda dybowskii), in Bohai Bay, China. We then applied the Random Forest algorithm (Salford Systems Ltd. Implementation) with eleven predictor variables to forecast the spatial occurrence as well as the abundance distribution. The results show that the occurrence model had a decent performance (ROC: 0.77) and the abundance model had a RMSE of 26.54. It is noteworthy that environmental variables influenced bustard occurrence and abundance differently. The area of farmland, and the distance to residential areas were the top important variables influencing bustard occurrence. While the distance to national roads and to expressways were the most important influencing abundance. In addition, the occurrence and abundance models displayed different spatial distribution patterns. The regions with a high index of occurrence were concentrated in the south-central part of the study area; and the abundance distribution showed high populations occurrence in the central and northwestern parts of the study area. However, combining occurrence and abundance indices to produce a priority protection index (PI) to be used for conservation could guide the protection of the areas with high occurrence and high abundance (e.g., in Strategic Conservation Planning). Due to the widespread use of SDMs and the easy subsequent employment of SAMs, these findings have a wide relevance and applicability than just those only based on SDMs or SAMs. We promote and strongly encourage researchers to further test, apply and update the priority protection index (PI) elsewhere to explore the generality of these findings and methods that are now readily available.
Efficient Optical‐to‐THz Conversion Organic Crystals with Simultaneous Electron Withdrawing and Donating Halogen Substituents
Authors: Lee Seung‐Jun , Kang Bong Joo , Shin Myeong‐Hoon , Lee Seung‐Chul , Lee Seung‐Heon , Jazbinsek Mojca , Yun Hoseop , Kim Dongwook , Rotermund Fabian , Kwon O‐Pil
Published: December 2017

This study reports on highly efficient nonlinear optical ionic quinolinium crystals with various aromatic anions possessing different spatial volume for controlling the space‐filling characteristics and introducing halogen substituents having simultaneous electron‐withdrawing and electron‐donating effects. The quinolinium crystals with chloro and bromo substituents having simultaneous electron‐withdrawing and electron‐donating effects on anions exhibit perfect molecular ordering for optimizing the diagonal second‐order nonlinear optical response, while the fluoro substituent having relatively small electron‐donating effects on anions results in the absence of nonlinear optical response. Compared to widely used 4‐methylbenzenesulfonate, the chloro substituent on 4‐chlorobenzenesulfonate (CBS) results in decreasing π–π interactions between cations and anions. This leads on the one hand to an enhanced macroscopic nonlinear response and on the other hand to an increased strength of hydrogen bonds between anions, resulting in strong suppression of THz phonon vibration. In THz generation measurements with pump pulses at 1300 nm, 0.39 mm thick 2‐(4‐hydroxystyryl)‐1‐methylquinolinium 4‐chlorobenzenesulfonate (OHQ‐CBS) crystal exhibits excellent optical‐to‐THz conversion characteristics with 27 times higher peak‐to‐peak electric field and 3 times broader bandwidth than the well‐known 1.0 mm thick inorganic standard ZnTe crystal. In addition, compared to state‐of‐the‐art analogous quinolinium crystals with 4‐methylbenzenesulfonate, OHQ‐CBS crystal exhibits 1.8 times higher field.
The Ideal Ionic Liquid Salt Bridge for the Direct Determination of Gibbs Energies of Transfer of Single Ions, Part I: The Concept
Authors: Radtke Valentin , Ermantraut Andreas , Himmel Daniel , Koslowski Thorsten , Leito Ivo , Krossing Ingo
Published: December 2017

Described is a procedure for the thermodynamically rigorous, experimental determination of the Gibbs energy of transfer of single ions between solvents. The method is based on potential difference measurements between two electrochemical half cells with different solvents connected by an ideal ionic liquid salt bridge (ILSB). Discussed are the specific requirements for the IL with regard to the procedure, thus ensuring that the liquid junction potentials (LJP) at both ends of the ILSB are mostly canceled. The remaining parts of the LJPs can be determined by separate electromotive force measurements. No extra‐thermodynamic assumptions are necessary for this procedure. The accuracy of the measurements depends, amongst others, on the ideality of the IL used, as shown in our companion paper Part II.
Isolation of a Reactive Tricoordinate α‐Oxo Gold Carbene Complex
Authors: Zeineddine Abdallah , Rekhroukh Feriel , Sosa Carrizo E. Daiann , Mallet‐Ladeira Sonia , Miqueu Karinne , Amgoune Abderrahmane , Bourissou Didier
Published: December 2017

The [(P,P)Au=C(Ph)CO2Et]+ complex 3 [where (P,P) is an o‐carboranyl diphosphine ligand] was prepared by diazo decomposition at −40 °C. It is the first α‐oxo gold carbene complex to be characterized. Its crystallographic structure was determined and DFT calculations have been performed, unraveling the key influence of the chelating (P,P) ligand. The gold center is tricoordinate and the electrophilicity of the carbene center is decreased. Complex 3 mimics transient α‐oxo gold carbenes in a series of catalytic transformations, and provides support for the critical role of electrophilicity in the chemoselectivity of phenol functionalization (O−H vs. C−H insertion).
Artificial Cysteine S‐Glycosylation Induced by Per‐O‐Acetylated Unnatural Monosaccharides during Metabolic Glycan Labeling
Authors: Qin Wei , Qin Ke , Fan Xinqi , Peng Linghang , Hong Weiyao , Zhu Yuntao , Lv Pinou , Du Yifei , Huang Rongbing , Han Mengting , Cheng Bo , Liu Yuan , Zhou Wen , Wang Chu , Chen Xing
Published: December 2017

The unexpected, non‐enzymatic S‐glycosylation of cysteine residues in various proteins by per‐O‐acetylated monosaccharides is described. This artificial S‐glycosylation greatly compromises the specificity and validity of metabolic glycan labeling in living cells by per‐O‐acetylated azido and alkynyl sugars, which has been overlooked in the field for decades. It is demonstrated that the use of unacetylated unnatural sugars can avoid the artifact formation and a corrected list of O‐GlcNAcylated proteins and O‐GlcNAc sites in HeLa cells has been assembled by using N‐azidoacetylgalactosamine (GalNAz).
Sodium 4‐mercaptophenolate capped CdSe/ZnS quantum dots as a fluorescent probe for pH detection in acidic aqueous media
Authors: Xu Hu , Li Dong , Zhao Yun , Wang Xiaomei , Li Dan , Wang Yuhong
Published: December 2017

Development of the fluorescent pH detection method is promising due to the sensitivity, easy operation, and low‐cost, etc. However, traditional organic fluorophores have still some disadvantages such as the tedious preparation and purification as well as low photostability and water solubility, which limits the rapid detection application. Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have recently risen to prominence as an alternative for organic fluorophores in fluorescence analysis by virtue of their convenient synthesis and superior optical properties. In this study, we report on sodium 4‐mercaptophenolate functionalized CdSe/ZnS QDs (denoted as −OPhS‐QDs), which can serve as a selective “on–off” fluorescence probe for aqueous media pH. −OPhS‐QDs exhibit strong fluorescence in near neutral medium. As a Lewis organic base, −OPhS‐ moieties on QDs surface easily binds to proton under acidic conditions to yield 4‐mercaptophenol capped QDs (i.e. HOPhS‐QDs), which acts as an efficient hole trapper. As a result, the QDs photoluminescence (PL) is switched off. Under optimal conditions, the present probe exhibits a good linear relationship between fluorescence response and pH values in the pH range 3.0–5.2. Furthermore, the present probe exhibits a high selectivity for proton over other common cations and has been successfully used for pH detection in real water samples.
Rational Design and Synthesis of Unsaturated Se‐Containing Osmacycles with σ‐Aromaticity
Authors: Zhou Xiaoxi , Wu Jingjing , Hao Yulei , Zhu Congqing , Zhuo Qingde , Xia Haiping , Zhu Jun
Published: December 2017

Invited for the cover of this issue are the groups of Haiping Xia and Jun Zhu at the University of Xiamen. The image depicts their discovery of metallacyles with σ‐aromaticity dominating in an unsaturated Se‐containing ring. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201703870.
Nitrate Esters of Heteroaromatic Compounds as Candida albicans CYP51 Enzyme Inhibitors
Authors: Smiljkovic Marija , Matsoukas Minos‐Timotheos , Kritsi Eftichia , Zelenko Urska , Grdadolnik Simona Golic , Calhelha Ricardo C. , Ferreira Isabel C. F. R. , Sankovic‐Babic Snezana , Glamoclija Jasmina , Fotopoulou Theano , Koufaki Maria , Zoumpoulakis Panagiotis , Sokovic Marina
Published: December 2017

Four heteroaromatic compounds bearing nitrate esters were selected using a virtual‐screening procedure as putative sterol 14α‐demethylase (CYP51) Candida albicans inhibitors. Compounds were examined for their inhibition on C. albicans growth and biofilm formation as well as for their toxicity. NMR spectroscopy studies, in silico docking, and molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate further the selectivity of these compounds to fungal CYP51. All compounds exhibited good antimicrobial properties, indicated with low minimal inhibitory concentrations and ability to inhibit formation of fungal biofilm. Moreover, all of the compounds had the ability to inhibit growth of C. albicans cells. N‐(2‐Nitrooxyethyl)‐1Η‐indole‐2‐carboxamide was the only compound with selectivity on C. albicans CYP51 that did not exhibit cytotoxic effect on cells isolated from liver and should be further investigated for selective application in new leads for the treatment of candidiasis.
Erratum: Explanation of Variability and Removal of Confounding Factors from Data through Optimal Transport
Authors: Tabak Esteban G. , Trigila Giulio
Published: December 2017

Due to a production error, the version of this article published in the print edition of the January 2018 issue had the wrong graphics for Figures 4.1 (p. 176), 4.3 (p. 179), 4.4 (p. 180), and 5.2 (p. 192). The correct figures are provided below. These corrected figures have been incorporated into the online version of the article.
NMR Lineshapes and Scalar Relaxation of the Water‐Endofullerene H217O@C60
Authors: Elliott Stuart James , Bengs Christian , Kouril Karel , Meier Benno , Alom Shamim , Whitby Richard John , Levitt Malcolm Harris
Published: December 2017

The 17O isotopomer of the water‐endofullerene H2O@C60 displays a remarkable proton NMR spectrum, with six well resolved peaks. These peaks are due to the J‐coupling between the water protons and the 17O nucleus, which has spin‐5/2. The resolution of these peaks is enabled by the suppression of water proton exchange by the fullerene cage. The six peaks display an unusual pattern of linewidths, which we model by a Liouville‐space treatment of scalar relaxation due to quadrupolar relaxation of the 17O nuclei. The data are consistent with rotational diffusion of the water molecules on the sub‐picosecond timescale.
Cyclopentanone Derivatives from 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural via 1‐Hydroxyhexane‐2,5‐dione as Intermediate
Authors: Wozniak Bartosz , Spannenberg Anke , Li Yuehui , Hinze Sandra , de Vries Johannes G.
Published: December 2017

An efficient strategy for the conversion of biomass derived 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) into 2‐hydroxy‐3‐methylcyclopent‐2‐enone (MCP) by an intramolecular aldol condensation of 1‐hydroxyhexane‐2,5‐dione (HHD) has been developed. Further transformations of MCP towards the diol, enol acetate, levulinic acid and N‐heterocyclic compounds are also reported.
Artificial bee colony–based spectrum handoff algorithm in wireless cognitive radio networks
Authors: Bayrakdar Muhammed Enes , Çalhan Ali
Published: December 2017

In this work, we proposed a new artificial bee colony–based spectrum handoff algorithm for wireless cognitive radio systems. In our wireless cognitive radio system, primary users, secondary users, and related base stations exist in the same communication environment. For our artificial bee colony–based algorithm, secondary users that always struggle to discover an idle channel have a leading role. While honey bees work hard to find the best‐quality nectar source for foraging, secondary users try to find idle channels for making communication. In this way, secondary users are organized for different missions such as sensing and handoff similar to honey bees to minimize spectrum handoff delay by working together. In the spectrum handoff stage, some secondary users must sense the spectrum so that the interrupted secondary user may perform the spectrum handoff process. In our developed spectrum handoff algorithm, the spectrum availability characteristic is observed on the basis of the missions of the bees in the artificial bee colony algorithm with the aim of minimizing the spectrum handoff delay and maximizing probability of finding an idle channel. With the help of the algorithm that is developed using the artificial bee colony, spectrum handoff delay of secondary users is considerably decreased for different number of users without reducing probability of finding an available channel.
“Double‐duty” conventional dendritic cells in the amphibian Xenopus as the prototype for antigen presentation to B cells
Authors: Neely Harold R. , Guo Jacqueline , Flowers Emily M. , Criscitiello Michael F. , Flajnik Martin F.
Published: December 2017

Two populations of dendritic cells (DCs) are found in mammals, one derived from hematopoietic precursors (conventional/cDC), and another derived from mesenchymal precursors, the follicular DC (FDC); the latter is specialized for antigen presentation to B cells, and has only been definitively demonstrated in mammals. Both cDC and FDC are necessary for induction of germinal centers (GC) and GC‐dependent class switch recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation (SHM). We demonstrate that in Xenopus, an amphibian in which immunoglobulin CSR and SHM occur without GC formation, a single type of DC has properties of both cDC and FDC, including high expression of MHC class II for the former and display of native antigen at the cell surface for the latter. Our data confirm that the advent of FDC functionality preceded emergence of bona fide FDC, which was in turn crucial for the development of GC formation and efficient affinity maturation in mammals.
Mapping dune dynamics by InSAR coherence
Authors: Havivi Shiran , Amir Doron , Schvartzman Ilan , August Yitzhak , Maman Shimrit , Rotman Stanley R. , Blumberg Dan G.
Published: December 2017

It is generally held that subtle changes in sandy environments are very difficult to detect in imagery. Nonetheless, this study demonstrates how synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometric decorrelation can be used to identify changes in individual sand dunes. The use of coherence maps over time facilitates the analysis of dune dynamics, both temporally and spatially. The Ashdod‐Nizzanim coastal dunes, along the southern coastal plain of Israel, were chosen as an illustrative example of the analysis of dune dynamics. High‐resolution TerraSAR‐X (TSX) radar images covering the entire research area were acquired for the period February to July 2012, together with meteorology data (wind and rain) for the area. The coherence results enabled the stability of individual dunes to be described as a function of time. It was found that the dune crests were more stable than the windward slopes and that the degree of stability was dependent on the distance of the dune from the sea. The results of this study show the potential of using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) decorrelation for aeolian studies, even in areas characterized by low coherence. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Baddeleyite U–Pb age and geochemical data of the mafic dykes from South Qinling: Constraints on the lithospheric extension
Authors: Zhang Guishan , Liu Shuwen , Han Wenhua , Zheng Houyi
Published: December 2017

The nature of magma sources, time frame, and geodynamic settings of the late Early Paleozoic mafic magmatic activities in the South Qinling Orogen is not clearly understood. The Ziyang area with concentrated and representative outcrops of the late Early Paleozoic mafic dykes was selected as a study area, and detailed petrology, whole‐rock geochemistry, isotopic geochemistry, and baddeleyite U–Pb chronology were combined to reveal the origin of the mafic dykes. Baddeleyite U–Pb chronological study shows that the formation age of the mafic dykes is 425.4 ± 6.4 Ma, indicating they were formed in the Late Silurian. The mafic dykes in the Ziyang area are alkaline rock series, are generally characterized by enriched Rb, Ba, Sr, La, Ce, Nb, and Ta, and have similar geochemical characteristics to those of OIB‐type basalt. The spider diagram of trace elements shows that the mafic dykes are weakly depleted in K and strongly depleted in Zr, Hf, and Ti. The mafic dykes are composed of depleted Nd and Pb isotopes and moderately enriched Sr isotopes, with εNd(t) = +3.4 to +3.6, (87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.70382–0.70412, (206Pb/204Pb)i = 17.542–17.802, (207Pb/204Pb)i = 15.557–15.569, and (208Pb/204Pb)i = 37.531–37.880. The elemental and isotopic geochemistry shows that the mafic dykes in the Ziyang area did not undergo crustal contamination during formation and that their geochemical characteristics could reflect the characteristics of their source. Amphibole whose formation was related to metasomatism by carbonate fluids was likely present in the mantle source. Therefore, the mantle source might have underwent metasomatism by carbonate fluids. The mantle metasomatism occurred recently, so the metasomatism of mantle source was likely caused by a subducted ocean plate in the early Neoproterozoic. The mafic dykes in the Ziyang area were formed in an intracontinental rift environment, and mantle plume activities were the main cause of the intracontinental rifting.
The intraparietal sulcus governs multisensory integration of audiovisual information based on task difficulty
Authors: Regenbogen Christina , Seubert Janina , Johansson Emilia , Finkelmeyer Andreas , Andersson Patrik , Lundström Johan N.
Published: December 2017

Object recognition benefits maximally from multimodal sensory input when stimulus presentation is noisy, or degraded. Whether this advantage can be attributed specifically to the extent of overlap in object‐related information, or rather, to object‐unspecific enhancement due to the mere presence of additional sensory stimulation, remains unclear. Further, the cortical processing differences driving increased multisensory integration (MSI) for degraded compared with clear information remain poorly understood. Here, two consecutive studies first compared behavioral benefits of audio‐visual overlap of object‐related information, relative to conditions where one channel carried information and the other carried noise. A hierarchical drift diffusion model indicated performance enhancement when auditory and visual object‐related information was simultaneously present for degraded stimuli. A subsequent fMRI study revealed visual dominance on a behavioral and neural level for clear stimuli, while degraded stimulus processing was mainly characterized by activation of a frontoparietal multisensory network, including IPS. Connectivity analyses indicated that integration of degraded object‐related information relied on IPS input, whereas clear stimuli were integrated through direct information exchange between visual and auditory sensory cortices. These results indicate that the inverse effectiveness observed for identification of degraded relative to clear objects in behavior and brain activation might be facilitated by selective recruitment of an executive cortical network which uses IPS as a relay mediating crossmodal sensory information exchange.
Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase upregulates the expression of proteins implicated in cell migration and cancer cell metastasis
Authors: Xie Jianling , Shen Kaikai , Lenchine Roman V. , Gethings Lee A. , Trim Paul J. , Snel Marten F. , Zhou Ying , Kenney Justin W. , Kamei Makoto , Kochetkova Marina , Wang Xuemin , Proud Christopher G.
Published: December 2017

Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K) negatively regulates the elongation phase of mRNA translation and hence protein synthesis. Increasing evidence indicates that eEF2K plays an important role in the survival and migration of cancer cells and in tumor progression. As demonstrated by two‐dimensional wound‐healing and three‐dimensional transwell invasion assays, knocking down or inhibiting eEF2K in cancer cells impairs migration and invasion of cancer cells. Conversely, exogenous expression of eEF2K or knocking down eEF2 (the substrate of eEF2K) accelerates wound healing and invasion. Importantly, using LC‐HDMSE analysis, we identify 150 proteins whose expression is decreased and 73 proteins which are increased upon knocking down eEF2K in human lung carcinoma cells. Of interest, 34 downregulated proteins are integrins and other proteins implicated in cell migration, suggesting that inhibiting eEF2K may help prevent cancer cell mobility and metastasis. Interestingly, eEF2K promotes the association of integrin mRNAs with polysomes, providing a mechanism by which eEF2K may enhance their cellular levels. Consistent with this, genetic knock down or pharmacological inhibition of eEF2K reduces the protein expression levels of integrins. Notably, pharmacological or genetic inhibition of eEF2K almost completely blocked tumor growth and effectively prevented the spread of tumor cells in vivo. High levels of eEF2K expression were associated with invasive carcinoma and metastatic tumors. These data provide the evidence that eEF2K is a new potential therapeutic target for preventing tumor metastasis.
Nasal epithelial barrier disruption by particulate matter ≤2.5 μm via tight junction protein degradation
Authors: Zhao Renwu , Guo Zhiqiang , Zhang Ruxin , Deng Congrui , Xu Jian , Dong Weiyang , Hong Zhicong , Yu Hongzhi , Situ Huiru , Liu Chunhui , Zhuang Guoshun
Published: December 2017

Upper airway diseases including sinonasal disorders may be caused by exposure to fine particulate matter (≤2.5 μm; PM2.5), as proven by epidemiological studies. PM2.5 is a complex entity whose chemical constituents and physicochemical properties are not confined to a single, independent “particle” but which in this study means a distinctive environmental “toxin.” The mechanism whereby PM2.5 induces nasal epithelial barrier dysfunction leading to sinonasal pathology remains unknown. In the present study, human nasal epithelial cells were exposed to non‐cytotoxic doses of PM2.5 to examine how PM2.5 affects the nasal epithelial barrier. Tight junction (TJ) integrity and function were assessed by transepithelial electric resistance and paracellular permeability. The expression levels of TJ proteins such as zona occludens‐1, occludin and claudin‐1 were assessed by immunofluorescence staining and western blot. PM2.5 exposure induced epithelial barrier dysfunction as reflected by increased paracellular permeability and decreased transepithelial electric resistance. TJ proteins zona occludens‐1, occludin and claudin‐1 were found to be downregulated. Pretreatment with N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine alleviated PM2.5‐mediated reactive oxygen species generation in RPMI 2650 cells, further preventing barrier dysfunction and attenuating the degradation of TJ proteins. These results suggest that PM2.5 induces nasal epithelial barrier disruption via oxidative stress, and N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine counteracts this PM2.5‐mediated effect. Thus, nasal epithelial barrier disruption caused by PM2.5, which leads to sinonasal disease, may be prevented or treated through the inhibition of reactive oxygen species.
Assessment of cellular and serum proteome from tongue squamous cell carcinoma patient lacking addictive proclivities for tobacco, betel nut, and alcohol: Case study
Authors: Khowal Sapna , Naqvi Samar H. , Monga Seema , Jain Swatantra K. , Wajid Saima
Published: December 2017

The intriguing molecular pathways involved in oral carcinogenesis are still ambiguous. The oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) ranks as the most common type constituting more than 90% of the globally diagnosed oral cancers cases. The elevation in the OSCC incidence rate during past 10 years has an alarming impression on human healthcare. The major challenges associated with OSCC include delayed diagnosis, high metastatic rates, and low 5‐year survival rates. The present work foundations on reverse genetic strategy and involves the identification of genes showing expressional variability in an OSCC case lacking addictive proclivities for tobacco, betel nut, and/or alcohol, major etiologies. The expression modulations in the identified genes were analyzed in 16 patients comprising oral pre‐cancer and cancer histo‐pathologies. The genes SCCA1 and KRT1 were found to down regulate while DNAJC13, GIPC2, MRPL17, IG‐Vreg, SSFA2, and UPF0415 upregulated in the oral pre‐cancer and cancer pathologies, implicating the genes as crucial players in oral carcinogenesis.
Potential role of salt‐bridges in the hinge‐like movement of apicomplexa specific β‐hairpin of Plasmodium and Toxoplasma profilins: A molecular dynamics simulation study
Authors: Kadirvel Priyadarsini , Anishetty Sharmila
Published: December 2017

Profilin is one of the actin‐binding proteins that regulate dynamics of actin polymerization. It plays a key role in cell motility and invasion. It also interacts with several other proteins notably through its poly‐L‐proline (PLP) binding site. Profilin in apicomplexa is characterized by a unique mini‐domain consisting of a large β‐hairpin extension and an acidic loop which is relatively longer in Plasmodium species. Profilin is essential for the invasive blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum. In the current study, unbound profilins from Plasmodium falciparum (Pf), Toxoplasma gondii (Tg), and Homo sapiens (Hs) were subjected to molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for a timeframe of 100 ns each to understand the conformational dynamics of these proteins. It was found that the β‐hairpin of profilins from Pf and Tg shows a hinge‐like movement. This movement in Pf profilin may possibly be driven by the loss of a salt‐bridge within profilin. The impact of this conformational change on actin binding was assessed by docking three dimensional (3D) structures of profilin from Pf and Tg with their corresponding actins using ClusPro2.0. The stability of docked Pf profilin‐actin complex was assessed through a 50 ns MD simulation. As Hs profilin I does not have the apicomplexa specific mini‐domain, MD simulation was performed for this protein and its dynamics was compared to that of profilins from Pf and Tg. Using an immunoinformatics approach, potential epitope regions were predicted for Pf profilin. This has a potential application in the design of vaccines as they mapped to its unique mini‐domain.
Database of transcription factors in lung cancer (DBTFLC): A novel resource for exploring transcription factors associated with lung cancer
Authors: Amalraj Thabitha , Dravid Ameya A. , Tripathi Riya , Lulu S. Sajitha
Published: December 2017

Lung cancer is considered as the most prevalent form of cancer and it is found to be frequent cause of cancer related death. Even though, approved molecular targeted therapies other than chemotherapy are currently unavailable, the mechanism of pathogenesis in lung cancer remains still unclear. Transcription factors (TFs) play a critical role in cancer cell processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and regulate gene expression. Thus, the identification and characterization of transcription factors involved in lung cancer would provide valuable information for further elucidation of the mechanism(s) underlying pathogenesis and the identification of potential therapeutic target types, which are critical for the development of therapeutic strategies. Through an extensive literature survey, we have identified 349 transcription factors noted for their strong involvement in lung cancer. Database of Transcription Factors in Lung Cancer (DBTFLC) was constructed as a data repository and analytical platform for systematic collection, curation of TFs and their interacting partners. The database includes all pertinent information such as lung cancer related TFs, chromosomal location, family, lung cancer type, references, TF‐TF interaction(s), and TF‐target gene interaction(s); thus, it could serve as a valuable resource for therapeutic studies in lung cancer. The database is freely available at http://www.vit.ac.in/files/database/Home.php