bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Emission, Transport, and Impacts of the Extreme Saharan Dust Storm in 2015
Authors: Harr Brian , Pu Bing , Jin Qinjian
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Each summer, the Saharan Air Layer transports massive amounts of mineral dust across the Atlantic Ocean, affecting weather, climate, and public health over large areas. Despite the considerable impacts of African dust, the causes and impacts of extreme trans-Atlantic African dust events are not fully understood. The “Godzilla” trans-Atlantic dust event in 2020 has been extensively studied, but little is known about other similar events. Here we examine the June 2015 event, the second strongest trans-Atlantic African dust event during summers over 2003–2022. This event was characterized by moderately high dust emissions over western North Africa and an extremely high aerosol optical depth (AOD) over the tropical North Atlantic. The high dust loading over the Atlantic is associated with atmospheric circulation extremes like the “Godzilla” event. Both the African easterly jet (AEJ) and Caribbean low-level jet (CLLJ) are greatly intensified, along with a westward extension of the North Atlantic subtropical high (NASH), all of which favor the westward transport of African dust. The enhanced dust emissions are related to anomalously strong surface winds in dust source regions and reduced vegetation density and soil moisture over the northern Sahel. The dust plume reduced surface net shortwave radiation over the eastern tropical North Atlantic by about 25 W m-2 but increased net longwave flux by about 3 W m-2. In contrast to the “Godzilla” event, the 2015 event had minor air quality impacts on the U.S., partially due to the extremely intensified CLLJ that dispersed the dust plume to the Pacific.
Responses of Pine Island and Thwaites Glaciers to Melt and Sliding Parameterizations
Authors: Joughin Ian , Shapero Daniel , Dutrieux Pierre
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Pine Island and Thwaites glaciers are the two largest contributors to sea level rise from Antarctica. Here we examine the influence of basal friction and melt in determining projected losses. We examine both Weertman and Coulomb friction laws with explicit weakening as the ice thins to flotation, which many friction laws include implicitly via the effective pressure. We find relatively small differences with the choice of friction law (Weertman or Coulomb) but find losses are highly sensitive to the rate at which the basal traction is reduced as the area above the grounding line thins. Consistent with earlier work on Pine Island Glacier, we find sea level contributions from both glaciers vary linearly with the melt volume averaged over time and space, with little influence from the spatial or temporal distribution of melt. Based on recent estimates of melt from other studies, our work simulations suggest that melt-driven combined sea-level rise contribution from both glaciers is unlikely to exceed 10 cm by 2200. We do not include other factors, such as ice shelf breakup that might increase loss, nor factors such as increased accumulation and isostatic uplift that may mitigate loss.
Stability requirements of observation systems to detect long-term stratospheric ozone trends based upon Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Weber Mark
Published: January 2024

Abstract. For new observing systems, particularly satellites, specifications on the stability required for climate variables are provided in order to be useful for certain applications, for instance, deriving long-term trends. The stability is usually stated in units of percent per decade (%/dec) and is often associated with or termed instrument drift. A stability requirement of 3 %/dec or better has been recently stated for tropospheric and stratospheric ozone. However, the way this number is derived is not clear. In this study we use Monte Carlo simulations to investigate how a stability requirement translates into uncertainties of long-term trends depending on the lifetime of individual observing systems, which are merged into timeseries, and the period of available observations. Depending on the need to observe a certain trend over a given period, e.g. typically +1 %/dec for total ozone and +2 %/dec for stratospheric ozone over thirty years, stability for observation systems can be properly specified and justified in order to achieve statistical significance in the observed long-term trend. Assuming a typical mean lifetime of seven years for an individual observing system and a stability of 3 %/dec results in a 2 %/dec trend uncertainty over a period of 30 years, which is barely sufficient for stratospheric ozone but too high for total ozone. Having two or three observing systems simultaneously reduces the uncertainty by 30 % and 42 %, respectively. The method presented here is applicable to any variable of interest for which long-term changes are to be detected.
Thermodynamics of vivianite-group arsenates M3(AsO4)2 ⋅  8H2O (M is Ni, Co, Mg, Zn, Cu) and chemical variability in the natural arsenates of this group
Authors: Majzlan Juraj , Reichstein Anna , Haase Patrick , Števko Martin , Sejkora Jiří , Dachs Edgar
Published: January 2024

Abstract. In this work, we investigated the M3(AsO4)2⋅ 8H2O end members annabergite (M is Ni), erythrite (M is Co), and hörnesite (M is Mg) and their solid solutions. Acid-solution calorimetry and relaxation calorimetry were used to determine the solubility products (log Ksp) for annabergite (−33.7), erythrite (−32.1), and hörnesite (−22.3). Solubility products for other end members of this group were extracted from the literature and critically evaluated. The enthalpies of mixing are complex, related to subsystems M(1)3(AsO4)2⋅ 8H2O–M(1)M(2)2(AsO4)2⋅ 8H2O and M(1)M(2)2(AsO4)2⋅ 8H2O–M(2)3(AsO4)2⋅ 8H2O. They are small and positive for the annabergite–erythrite solid solution and small and negative for the annabergite–hörnesite solid solution. Autocorrelation analysis of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra shows correlation of strain decrease in the structure with the negative enthalpies of mixing in the annabergite–hörnesite solid solution. A set of more than 600 electron microprobe analyses of the M3(AsO4)2⋅ 8H2O minerals documents the variability and complexity in this group. Most common compositions are those dominated by Ni, Co, or Ni–Co. The analytical results were used to calculate the maximal configurational entropies which could be a factor that compensates for the small enthalpies of mixing in the annabergite–erythrite solid solution. The data presented here can be used to model sites polluted with metals and arsenic and to enhance our understanding of complex solid solutions.
A geomorphological slope unit dataset for the eastern edge of Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zheng Xiangyi , Wang Ying , Lin Qigen , Qi Jing , Li Yuxin , Zhao Mengxia , Zhang Xinren , Wang Xia , Chen Yu
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Geomorphological slope units represent the polygonal units on the digital terrain that are jointly segmented by valley and ridgelines. In contrast to the grid cells commonly used in traditional spatial analyses, slope units have an explicit geomorphological and environmental implication and capture the topographic characteristics of different units comparatively faithfully, which is being increasingly extensively used in the investigation of natural hazards, ecological processes and environmental impacts. However, delineating slope units on a widespread regional scale remains challenging, especially in areas such as the eastern edge of Tibetan Plateau, which is characterized by considerable spatial heterogeneity of topography and fragile ecological environments. To enable more researchers to focus more conveniently on the subject matter to be addressed itself, rather than being caught up in the slope unit delineation. The present study delineates and produces a dataset of high-precision geomorphological slope units for the eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau based on the publicly available high-resolution DEM data. A total of 446,497 slope units were derived, representing an area of 350,000 square kilometres. To facilitate the application of this geomorphological slope unit dataset by researchers, we use it for landslide susceptibility assessment and perform an insightful evaluation and comparison with the results of the traditional mapping units. The dataset of this geomorphological slope unit demonstrates good performance in terms of overall scale, sample scale and unit scale. It is available in Figshare at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.24457144.v1 (Zheng et al.,2023) and could be used as fundamental data for the investigation of disasters, environment and ecology in the eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau.
Development of a total variation diminishing (TVD) Sea ice transport scheme and its application in an ocean (SCHISM v5.11) and sea ice (Icepack v1.3.4) coupled model on unstructured grids
Authors: Wang Qian , Chai Fei , Zhang Yang , Zhang Yinglong Joseph , Zampieri Lorenzo
Published: January 2024

Abstract. As the demand for increased resolution and complexity in unstructured sea ice models is growing, a more advanced sea ice transport scheme is needed. In this study, we couple the Semi-implicit Cross-scale Hydro-science Integrated System Model (SCHISM) with Icepack, the column physics package of the sea ice model CICE; a key step is to implement a total variation diminishing (TVD) transport scheme for the multi-class sea ice module in the coupled model. Compared with the upwind scheme and a central difference scheme, the TVD transport scheme is found to have better performance for both idealized and realistic cases, and meets the requirements for conservation, accuracy, efficiency (even with very high resolution), and strict monotonicity. The coupled model for the Arctic Ocean successfully reproduces the long-term changes in the sea ice extent, the sea ice boundary and concentration observation from the satellite.
Simulation-Based Inference for Parameter Estimation of Complex Watershed Simulators
Authors: Hull Robert , Leonarduzzi Elena , De La Fuente Luis , Viet Tran Hoang , Bennett Andrew , Melchior Peter , Maxwell Reed M. , Condon Laura E.
Published: January 2024

Abstract. High-resolution, spatially distributed process-based (PB) simulators are widely employed in the study of complex watershed processes and their responses to a changing climate. However, calibrating these simulators to observed data remains a significant challenge due to several persistent issues including: (1) intractability stemming from the computational demands and complex responses of simulators, which renders infeasible calculation of the conditional probability of parameters and data, and (2) uncertainty stemming from the choice of simplified model representations of complex natural hydrologic processes. Here we demonstrate how Simulation-Based Inference (SBI) can help address both these challenges for parameter estimation. SBI uses a learned mapping between parameter space and observed data to estimate parameters for generation of calibrated model simulations. To demonstrate the potential of SBI in hydrologic modelling, we conduct a set of synthetic experiments to infer two common physical parameters, Manning's coefficient and hydraulic conductivity, using a representation of a snowmelt-dominated catchment in Colorado, USA. We introduce novel deep learning (DL) components to the SBI approach, including an 'emulator' as a surrogate for the process-based simulator to rapidly explore parameter responses. We also employ a density-based neural network to represent the joint probability of parameters and data without strong assumptions about its functional form. While addressing intractability, we also show that where uncertainty about model structure is significant, SBI can yield unreliable parameter estimates. Approaches to adopting the SBI framework to cases where model structure(s) may not be adequate are introduced using a performance-weighting approach.
The dynamic of ion Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal holes in plasmas with regularized κ-distributed electrons
Authors: Lu Qiu Ping , Wu Cai Ping , Chen Hui , Chen Xiao Chang , Liu San Qiu
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The dynamics of ion holes (IHs) in plasmas where electrons follow the regularized Kappa distribution (RKD) and ions follow the Maxwellian distribution (MD) are investigated based on the Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal (BGK) method. The results show that the depth of the IHs, the allowed combination of width and amplitude to support physically plausible IHs equilibrium depend on the spectral index κe and cut-off parameter α of the distribution function. That is, with increasing values of the spectral index κe and cut-off parameter α, the IHs formed become deeper and allow a larger permissible region of width and amplitude. In contrast, with decreasing values of the spectral index κe and cut-off parameter α, the IHs formed become shallower and have a smaller allowed range of width and amplitude. The present work may contribute to the comprehension of the nonlinear structures in plasmas system where non-thermal particles are found.
Thrusts control the thermal maturity of accreted sediments
Authors: Mannu Utsav , Fernández-Blanco David , Miyakawa Ayumu , Gerya Taras , Kinoshita Masataka
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Thermal maturity assessments of hydrocarbon-generation potential and thermal history rarely consider how upper-plate structures developing during subduction influence the trajectories of accreted sediments. Our thermomechanical models of subduction support that thrusts evolving under variable sedimentation rates and décollement strengths fundamentally influence the trajectory, temperature, and thermal maturity of accreting sediments. This is notably true for the frontal thrust, which pervasively partitions sediments along a low- and a high-maturity path. Our findings imply that interpretations of the distribution of thermal maturity cannot be detached from accounts of the length and frequency of thrusts and their controlling factors. Our approach takes these factors into consideration and provides a robust uncertainty estimate of maximum exposure temperatures as a function of vitrinite reflectance and burial depth. As a result, our models reduce former inconsistencies between predicted and factual thermal maturity distributions in accretionary wedges.
Aprendizaje en investigación clínica: experiencia de enseñanza virtual con estudiantes de medicina
Authors: Grande Ratti María F. , Kiblisky Elizalde Valentina , Burgos Mariana A. , Russo María P. , Martínez Bernardo J.
Published: January 2024

Introducción: La pandemia COVID-19 indujo un cambio en nuestro sistema de salud y de educación. Los programas formativos también tuvieron que adaptarse y exigieron un cambio rápido.
Objetivos: Describir una experiencia educativa de enseñanza virtual en investigación clínica, entre docentes del Servicio de Clínica del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires y estudiantes de Medicina del Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano, que participaron del Programa ESIN (Estudiantes en INvestigación).
Metodología: Los contenidos y las estrategias educativas incluyeron las clases teóricas audio o videograbadas (asincrónicas y autoadministradas), el aprendizaje basado en proyectos, los talleres prácticos (encuentros sincrónicos virtuales y grupales) mediante la adopción de modelos de aprendizaje como el aula invertida, y la tutoría individual entre docente-estudiante. Los datos se recopilaron mediante la observación en contextos académicos, y basándonos en elementos de encuestas anónimas de satisfacción, previo consentimiento informado de participantes.
Resultados: Participaron 14 estudiantes, 6 durante el 2021 y 8 durante el 2022. Todas mujeres, y estudiantes de medicina (50% de cuarto año, 35% de sexto año y 15% de quinto año). Las técnicas implementadas favorecieron la participación y promovieron el aprendizaje activo, basado en proyectos. Mencionaron aspectos positivos como el enfoque académico práctico, la disponibilidad del equipo docente para cualquier duda, el tiempo y el entusiasmo por enseñar y fomentar la participación. Los videos teóricos resultaron útiles como herramientas de repaso, y los encuentros grupales fueron especialmente valorados, si bien los encuentros individuales fueron destacados como ayuda y apoyo previo a los congresos científicos. En general, manifestaron que fue una experiencia enriquecedora que demostró que se puede lograr lo que se creía imposible. Todas participaron activamente de al menos un congreso científico, y el 50% resultó coautor/a de una publicación académica.
Conclusión: Los estudiantes asumieron compromisos y responsabilidades, e incorporaron competencias y habilidades en la implementación y en la difusión de los proyectos. Esta experiencia educativa facilitó que el tiempo de clase pueda optimizarse para intercambio, discusión y dudas. Los recursos producidos, las actividades desarrolladas y los contenidos abordados quedan disponibles a nivel institucional.
En-block butterfly excision of posterior compartment deep endometriosis: The first experience with the new surgical robot Hugo™ RAS
Authors: Pavone M , Goglia M , Campolo F , Scambia G , Ianieri M.M.
Published: January 2024

Background: Minimally invasive surgery is the gold standard treatment for deep endometriosis when medical management fails. In selected cases, such as when bowel or urinary tract are involved, robotic assisted surgery can be useful due to its characteristics of high dexterity and manoeuvrability. This is the first case of robotic en-bloc excision of posterior compartment deep endometriosis performed with the new HugoTM RAS system.

Objective: The purpose of this video article is to show for the first time the feasibility of bowel surgery for deep endometriosis with this new robotic device.

Materials and methods: A 24-years-old woman affected by severe dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, dyschezia and dyspareunia underwent to deep endometriosis excision using the new robotic platform HugoTM RAS system at the Unit of Gynaecological Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.

Main outcome measures: Intraoperative data, docking set up, post-operative outcomes up to three months follow up were evaluated.

Results: The surgical procedure was carried out without intra-operative or post-operative complications, operative time (OT) was 200 minutes, while docking time was 8 minutes. No system errors or faults in the robotic arms were registered. Post-operative complete disease-related symptoms relief was reported.

Conclusion: According to our results, the introduction of this new robotic platform in the surgical management of deep endometriosis seems to be feasible, especially in advanced cases. However, further studies are needed to demonstrate the benefits of this surgical system and the advantages of robotic surgery compared to laparoscopy in this subset of patients.
Laparoscopic Posterior Vaginal Plication plus Sacral Colpopexy for Severe Posterior Vaginal Prolapse: a Step-by-Step Video- Article
Authors: Morciano A , Scambia G , Tinelli A , Marzo G
Published: January 2024

Background: In 2023, our Centre validated a surgical approach for patients with anterior/apical prolapse associated with severe posterior colpocele, using a laparoscopic posterior vaginal plication (LPP) combined with standard sacral colpopexy (LSC), demonstrating significant benefits in terms of anatomical repair.

Objectives: A step-by-step video demonstration of Laparoscopic Posterior Vaginal Plication (LPP) combined with “two-mesh” Sacral Colpopexy (LSC).

Materials and Methods: Surgical technique of a LSC with 2 separate meshes is described.

Results: This video-article describes, with a step-by-step approach, a combined prosthetic and fascial laparoscopic technique to treat severe posterior colpocele.

Conclusions: LPP can be considered a feasible procedure during a standard LSC in patients with concomitant severe posterior prolapse.
Xanthogranulomatous endometritis
Authors: Morales Vicente A , García Sánchez Y , Santonja López N , Gilabert Estellés J
Published: January 2024

Xanthogranulomatous endometritis (XGE) is an uncommon inflammatory benign condition that can mimic endometrial cancer. The majority of the reported cases of XGE have been observed in postmenopausal women, often presenting clinically as haematometra or benign senile pyometra.

We report a case of XGE in a 73-year-old woman who presented with pyometra. Diagnostic hysteroscopy is an important tool when accompanied by endometrial samples for histology in suspected cases. Knowledge of this uncommon disease is crucial for accurate diagnosis. XGE is a benign condition, however, there have been reported cases of chronic active XGE and bacterial infection in which hysterectomy was required due to complications.
Suture-fixation of a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device under hysteroscopic guidance
Authors: Paul P.G. , Shah M , Sridivya Chowdary V , Anusha Raaj A , Paul G
Published: January 2024

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common gynaecological condition. The levonorgestrel-releasing Intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) is an effective medical treatment. option which carries a small risk of device expulsion. For those who experience expulsion, some may benefit from a more robust surgical approach.

Objectives: To demonstrate the technique for suture fixation of an LNG-IUD under hysteroscopic guidance. Materials and methods: Stepwise video demonstration of the technique using a 5mm hysteroscope and a 3mm laparoscopic needle holder. The Institutional Ethical Committee was consulted, and the requirement for approval was waived because the video described a modified surgical technique. Informed consent was obtained from the patient.

Main outcome measures: A 35yr old parous woman with a nine-month history of AUB and severe dysmenorrhoea had an LNG-IUD sited with effective symptom relief. Unfortunately, the device was expelled six months after insertion, and she responded poorly to other medical treatments. Transvaginal ultrasonography (TVUS) suggested posterior wall adenomyosis. Considering her relief of symptoms with the LNG-IUD and history of expulsion, the patient was counselled regarding suture-fixation of the LNG-IUD.

Results: She was followed-up at 6 months post insertion. The LNG-IUD was noted in the uterine cavity without displacement or expulsion.

Conclusion: Hysteroscopy-guided suture fixation of an LNG-IUD is a minimally invasive, effective option for patients with a history of expulsion of an IUD. However, further studies are required to establish the safety and efficacy of this approach.

Learning Objective: To demonstrate LNG -IUD suture fixation technique using hysteroscopy for patients diagnosed with AUB and a history of device expulsion.
Como Formar Tutores: Certificado de la LTA para la Formación de Tutores
Authors: Bowen Jane , Thorp Dan
Published: January 2024

Este artículo presenta las principales áreas de competencia para la formación de tutores dentro del programa la LTA (Asociación de Tenis de Gran Bretaña). Comenta también los aspectos clave como el establecimiento de un clima adecuado para el curso, la facilitación del aprendizaje, la evaluación y el aumento de la curva de aprendizaje por parte del tutor durante los cursos de formación de entrenadores.
Konstruksi Akad Wadiah Yad Al Amanah Pada Tabungan Emas Bank Syariah Indonesia
Authors: Salim Agus
Published: January 2024

Lahirnya beberapa produk dan instrumen investasi di lembaga keuangan syariah haruslah sesuai dengan nilai-nilai syariah. Bank Syariah Indonesia disebut juga dengan BSI, baru-baru ini mengeluarkan produk baru yakni tabungan emas BSI. Tabungan emas BSI menggunakan akad wad?’ah yad al amanah dimana implementasi akad ini mewajibkan adanya ujrah yang harus dibayarkan oleh nasabah, hal ini karena barang yang dititipkan tidak boleh digunakan oleh pihak yang dititipi (bank) selama masa penitipan. Implementasi akad wad?’ah ini mengalami pergeseran dari wad?’ah fiqh klasik ke wad?’ah lembaga keuangan syariah saat ini. Akad wad?’ah dalam fiqih klasik merupakan salah satu akad tabarru’ yakni akad kebajikan yang dalam prakteknya tidak mewajibkan adanya ujrah atau imbalan. Dengan ketentuan kewajiban membayar ujrah dalam akad wad?’ah pada tabungan emas BSI, maka pertanyaanya bagaimana kesyariahan produk tabung emas BSI. Untuk mengetahui kesyariahan pada implementasi akad wad?’ah tabungan emas BSI dengan ketentuan ujrah tersebut, peneliti mencoba mengkonstruk akad wad?’ah yang digunakan dalam tabungan emas BSI. Jenis penelitian ini adalah field research, dan menggunakan pendekatan empiris normatif, dimana implementasi akad wad?’ah pada tabungan emas BSI akan dikonstruksi, Dengan mengkonstruksi akad wad?’ah, maka akan diketahui apakah konstruksi akad wad?’ah tabungan emas BSI sesuai dengan prinsip akad wad?’ah hukum Islam atau tidak.
Peran Manajer Keuangan dalam Menangani Konflik Keuangan dan Nilai-Nilai Syariah
Authors: Rahmawati Reni , Azzahra Shalsabila , Setiawan Iwan
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi peran manajer keuangan dalam menyelesaikan konflik antara keuangan konvensional dan prinsip-prinsip syariah dalam praktik keuangan perusahaan. Melalui analisis konten, dan studi kasus, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi strategi dan tindakan yang digunakan manajer keuangan untuk mempertahankan keseimbangan antara tuntutan finansial dan komitmen etis terhadap nilai-nilai syariah, serta menyoroti pentingnya komunikasi efektif dan konsultasi dengan ahli syariah dalam menghadapi dilema ini. Implikasi hasil penelitian ini dapat membantu organisasi keuangan syariah dalam mengembangkan praktik keuangan yang lebih konsisten dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah.
Maṣlahaḥ Mursalah Dan Penerapannya Dalam Hukum Keluarga
Authors: Hidayat Muh. Adistira Maulidi , Saepullah Usep
Published: January 2024

Maṣlahaḥ mursalah is a legal basis used to regulate new issues that are not explicitly mentioned in the Quran and Sunnah. Every regulation established by naṣh or ijma’ is based on the principle of achieving benefits and preventing harm. Therefore, every legal foundation used stems from the interests and benefits of humanity (al-maṣlahah). Maṣlahah relates to the needs of human life, including aspects such as religion, soul, reason, lineage, dignity, and wealth. Therefore, when clear legal rulings are not found in the Quran or Sunah, Islamic law or fiqh can be established by considering maṣlahaḥ. This writing aims to further elaborate on the concept of maṣlahah mursalah, its legal basis, classification, maṣlahah mursalah as a basis for legal legislation, and its application in family law.
ANALISIS EFISIENSI USAHA INDUSTRI RUMAH TANGGA PENGOLAHAN KERUPUK DOROKDOK KULIT SAPI DI SUKAREGANG GARUT (Studi Di PD Sinar Rahayu dan PD Nusa Sari)
Authors: Sabrina Nadinda Aulia , Erawan Wahid , Gumelar Asep Permadi , Adinasa Muhammad Nu'man
Published: January 2024

Dorokdok merupakan makanan khas Garut yang saat ini sudah dipasarkan di Garut dan luar kota Garut dengan berbagai varian rasa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari – Februari 2023, bertujuan untuk mengetahui besaran biaya produksi, penerimaan, pendapatan dan efisiensi kerupuk dorokdok kulit sapi. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode survei,  sampel secara sengaja sebanyak 2 responden yang merupakan pemiliki PD Sinar Rahayu dan PD Nusa Sari di Sukaregang dengan kriteria responden telah menjalankan usahanya lebih dari 15 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PD Sinar Rahayu yang memproduksi tiga varian rasa dorokdok memerlukan biaya total sebesar Rp 84.842.606/bulan , diperoleh penerimaan sebesar Rp120.500.000/bulan, pendapatan sebesar Rp35.675.394/bulan, dan R/C = 1,42. PD Nusa Sari memproduksi satu varian rasa dorokdok memelukan biaya total sebesar Rp 78.665.577 /bulan , diperoleh penerimaan sebesar Rp120.500.000/bulan, pendapatan sebesar Rp41.834.423/bulan, dan R/C = 1,53.
STUDI KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL USAHA PEMBUATAN BLANKET KARET OLEH UD. ANGGI JAYA DI DESA DUSUN BARU II KECAMATAN KARANG TINGGI KABUPATEN BENGKULU TENGAH
Authors: Hanita Erma , Sumantri Bambang , Reswita Reswita Wita
Published: January 2024

UD. Anggi Jaya adalah salah satu pabrik yang mengolah limbah padat karet menjadi blanket. Bahan baku limbah karet didapatkan dari PT. BAM yaitu pabrik pengolahan karet yang ada di Kembang Seri. Usaha pembuatan blanket ini  merupakan yang pertama dan satu-satunya yang ada di kecamatan Karang Tinggi Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah. Pengolahan limbah padat karet menjadi blanket memiliki prospek usaha yang cukup menguntungkan sebab memiliki harga jual yang cukup tinggi. Setiap usaha yang dijalankan tidak terlepas dari berbagai permasalahan dalam proses produksi, penjualan, lingkungan, dan sumber daya manusia. Sebelum memulai suatu usaha, perlu dilakukan penilaian-penilaian untuk mengurangi risiko yang akan dihadapi.  Menilai kelayakan investasi dari aspek finansial dan non finansial sangat penting  untuk  keberhasilan dan pengembangan suatu usaha.Penelitian ini untuk bertujuan untuk :1) menganalisis kelayakan non finansial dan kelayakan finansial usaha pembuatan blanket pada UD. Anggi Jaya, 2) menganalisis kelayakan finansial usaha pembuatan blanket UD Anggi Jaya, 3) menganalisis sensitivitas usaha pembuatan blanket jika terjadi perubahan kenaikan harga input dan penurunan harga output. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan secara sengaja (Purposive) di UD. Anggi Jaya. Pada penelitian ini mengunakan metode analisis data yaitu analisis deskriptif kualitatif yang digunakan untuk kelayakan aspek non finansial dan kuantitatif deskriptif pada aspek finansial dengan perhitungan kelayakan investasi, serta analisis sensitivitas dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa UD. Anggi Jaya ini layak berdasarkan pada penilaian dari enam aspek non finansial, selanjutnya berdasarkan analisis finansial dengan tingkat suku bunga 12% maka didapatkan hasil nilai NPV sebesar Rp 1.265.382.613, nilai IRR sebesar 14%, nilai Net B/C sebesar 2,82, nilai Gross B/C sebesar 1,08, dan nilai profitability index sebesar 2,40. Dan hasil analisis sensitivitas dikatakan tidak layak setelah terjadi perubahan kenaikan harga input sebesar 15% dan penurunan harga ouput sebesar 10%.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN KARTU TANI PADA PETANI MENDONG
Authors: Noormansyah Zulfikar , ; Suyudi , Nuryaman Hendar , Mutiasari Nurul Risti
Published: January 2024

Kecamatan Manonjaya merupakan sentra produksi tanaman mendong di Tasikmalaya, dan mendong merupakan  tanaman komoditas perkebunan sebagai sumber bahan baku untuk industri samak, kerajian dan handy craf. Dalam budidayanya diperlukan faktor produksi berupa pupuk, yang perolehannya saat  ini dilaksanakan melalui program pupuk bersubsidi dengan menggunakan kartu tani untuk proses pembeliannya.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas penggunaan kartu tani pada petani mendong di Kecamatan Manonjaya Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Indikator dari penelitian ini adalah  pemahaman program, tepat sasaran, dan tepat waktu. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode survei. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tahun 2023. Alat pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan Skala Guttman untuk memudahkan analisis pertanyaan yang diajukan kepada responden.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 1). Prosedur pelaksanaan Program Kartu Tani di Kecamatan Manonjaya, untuk petani tanamam mendong khususnya cenderung sesuai SOP prosedur Kartu Tani yang berlaku di Indonesia. 2) Efektivitas penggunaan kartu tani di Kecamatan Manonjaya dilihat dari indikator pemahaman program adalah “sangat efektif” dengan persentase 92%, indikator tepat sasaran adalah “sangat efektif” dengan persentase 91%, indikator tepat waktu adalah “efektif” dengan persentase 87%, indikator tercapainya tujuan adalah “cukup efektif” dengan persentase 60%, dan perubahan nyata termasuk dalam kategori “efektif” dengan persentase 87% Kata kunci: Efektivitas, Kartu tani, Petani Mendong
CONTEMPORARY PROCESSES IN CENTRAL ASIA AND CHINA'S DIPLOMACY IN THE REGION IN THE ERA OF UPGRADED COOPERATION
Authors:   Astana International University, Tabynbayev Berik , Abdrakhmanov Kairat ,   Astana International University, Kozhirova Svetlana ,   Eurasian Association for International Studies, Akniyazov Tamerlan ,   University of International Business and Economics
Published: January 2024

In this academic article, an attempt is made to present the perception of Chinese scholars on the development of contemporary processes in Central Asia and the policies of foreign states and unions in the region in the context of changing international and regional dynamics. The research results shed light on the existing perceptions within Chinese academic circles regarding the current state and trajectory of Central Asian countries' relations with foreign actors, ongoing geopolitical changes, the process of strengthening intra-regional cooperation, and a significant shift in China's foreign policy in Central Asia.
El sector forestal chileno 2023 = Chilean forestry sector 2023
Authors:   Instituto Forestal (Chile)
Published: January 2024

El Sector Forestal Chileno ofrece un resumen de las cifras que caracterizan a la actividad forestal chilena, abarcando aspectos claves como recurso forestal, consumo de trozas, producción de la industria primaria, comercio exterior, ocupación, construcción con madera, y precios de productos forestales. En la sección "Chile y sus regiones," se muestran las ubicaciones de la industria forestal primaria, acompañada de la información de cobertura de plantaciones forestales proporcionada por el Programa de Actualización Permanente de Plantaciones Forestales de INFOR. Para la elaboración de esta publicación, INFOR ha recopilado información relevante tanto de fuentes propias como de diversos organismos nacionales.
Improving Traffic Safety Through A Community Participation Approach
Authors: Oktopianto Yogi , Rukman Rukman , Marwanto Riza Phahlevi
Published: January 2024

The rapid growth of transportation has become essential to mobility in modern times. Increased activity will go hand in hand with increased movement of people and goods. This will have an impact on increasing the potential for transportation accidents, especially road traffic and transportation accidents. Based on data from the Indonesian National Police, by 2022, around 1.35 million people will die due to road traffic accidents, or more than 3,712 people per day. Lack of knowledge about traffic safety is the main problem in this community service. This community service was held in collaboration with the Grobogan Regency Transportation Office. The method used in this activity is by using lectures, questions and answers, giving case examples and practicing emergency response in the event of an accident. Based on the results of the activity, there was an increase in the value of knowledge and understanding of traffic safety by 30%. This shows that the material provided during the implementation can be accepted and applied by the participants.
Metallurgical Analysis in the Outer Tube Fault Area
Authors: Nitiyasa I Gusti Bagus Eka , Nugraha Asep Eka , Purnama I Made
Published: January 2024

In the automotive manufacturing industry, product failures are still found. In this study, one of the automotive components, namely the outer tube of the motorcycle front fork, was cracked. The outer tube is part of the shock absorber component which is also connected to the motorcycle steering system. Failure analysis aims to obtain some data or facts that can indicate the root cause of the failure or failure. Sample preparation which includes the process of selecting the cut area, cleaning and cutting for the fractography process. As for metallography, sample preparation is continued with the process of mounting, sanding, polishing and etching. Fractographic test showed that the fracture occurred in a brittle fracture mode, with no traces of plastic deformation. The morphology of the fracture surface also shows the presence of gas trapped in large quantities. In the metallographic test, the overall microstructure shows an eutectic phase with a uniform dendrite structure pattern, this indicates that metal solidification occurs quite quickly and can cause a lot of gas to be trapped in the metal characterized by the presence of multiple porosities. This can provide an indication of the relationship between the microstructure and the fracture surface morphology. Cracking and brittle fracture can be caused by the stress that occurs in the metal that exceeds the yield and plastic limits due to the large pressure of gas trapped in the metal.
Schoenberg’s Op. 11, No. 3
Authors: Rodríguez Edgardo José , Martínez Alejandro
Published: January 2024

The third piece of Schoenberg's Op. 11 has been associated with his brief period of "radical athematicism." In our study, we provide strong analytical evidence against this claim. The piece is the result of developing variation applied to an initial Grundgestalt. In other words, the organic conception of form that characterized his entire body of work also structures this composition.
Hexadimensionalidade conceptiva
Authors: Victorio Roberto
Published: January 2024

O artigo parte do modelo exposto no Congresso TeMA 2021, pela Profª Ilza Nogueira, como modelo conceptivo para obras de concerto, e expande esse conceito genético tendo por base a teoria hexadimensional do filósofo e matemático russo Pietr Ouspensky e o modelo trifásico  de Algirdas Greimas, para explicar a complexidade do ritual Bororo e a resultante final deste processo genético-sonoro-ritual como um modelo hiper expansivo onde ocorre uma simbiose entre os patamares estabelecidos no modelo conceptivo que estruturam a mecânica ritual Bororo e a música de concerto.
Edino Krieger
Authors: Paz Ermelinda
Published: January 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo atualizar a biografia de Edino Krieger – crítico, compositor e produtor musical – publicada em dois volumes em 2012, pelo selo SESC Nacional. Em 2014, o compositor Ronaldo Miranda, em sua resenha crítica sobre a citada obra para a Revista da Academia Brasileira de Música a considerou como: “Uma biografia singular para um compositor plural”. A partir de então, nos propusemos a alterar o seu status de biografia desatualizada para biografia atualizada, mas reconhecendo que o potencial do conjunto de realizações do compositor, aliado à grandeza e à projeção natural de seus feitos motivariam o surgimento de novos fatos, revisões e inserções. O artigo pretende atualizar a biografia, em especial, não só no que tange às novas obras, mas também levantar as respostas da comunidade acadêmica através de novas gravações, artigos, dissertações e, ainda, teses. No Vol. II da biografia, nas páginas 58 - 59 há uma menção ao Projeto Bem-me-quer Paquetá. Por fim, é intenção do artigo trazer à baila através da análise minuciosa desse projeto, o Edino Krieger, Educador Musical, cuja importância nos pareceu relegada pelo próprio compositor a um plano menor.
Challenges of Rural Teachers' Development in Remote Areas of Western China
Authors: Zhongzhuoma Yong , Abdul Aziz Nor Azni
Published: January 2024

This paper discusses the challenges of rural teachers' development in Western China. Rural teachers are the backbone of China's basic education as well as the key and future of rural basic education development. How to inject and retain rural teachers as well as stabilize the ranks of rural teachers is fundamental to improving the quality of rural basic education, including promoting rural revitalization. Via the investigation of rural schools in Western China, this paper discovered that there are still several challenges in the development of rural teachers, for instance, teacher structure deviation, low overall educational background, serious substitute teachers, few training times, simple training methods, poor training effect, and serious teacher loss. According to the interview results, the existing challenges among rural teachers are analyzed, and recommendations are given, which include obtaining a rational allocation of teacher resources, optimizing the teacher structure, strengthening teacher training, enhancing the overall quality of teachers, and improving the incentive system in detail.
Student Experiential E-Learning in Higher Learning Institutions
Authors: Ghazali Norliza , Mohd Ayub Ahmad Fauzi , Yasin Maizura , Mokhtar Marzni Mohammed , Nasir Farah Damia , Rahman Fadzilah Abd
Published: January 2024

The main objectives of this research are to develop the items of students’ experiential e-learning scale, to verify and construct validate the psychometric properties of students’ experiential e-learning measurement model. The study also aimed to investigate the experiential e-learning of students in higher learning institutions in Malaysia. This research is quantitative in nature employing the cross-sectional survey design. The Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing will be adapted in the development of the instrument. Content validity ratio (CVR) and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) will be used to analyze the corresponding items of experiential e-learning constructs. The psychometric properties of experiential e-learning measurement model will be empirically tested via Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). This will be accompanied by a descriptive study to explore the students’ experiential e-learning. Exploration of students’ experiential e-learning in higher learning institutions can provide further insights into what works in an open online environment. This research will produce an adequate measurement model and a psychometrically sound instrument of students’ experiential e-learning as well as the publications and intellectual properties (IP).
OPTIMASI YIELD PRODUK ATAS KOLOM DEPROPANIZER (LS-T-1) PT X
Authors: Mubarok Rayhan , Hamid Farid Alfalaki , Azzam Abdullah
Published: January 2024

Riser Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Unit merupakan unit yang terletak di wilayah kerja PT X. Kolom depropanizer (LS-T-1) merupakan alat proses yang terletak di seksi light end yang digunakan untuk memisahkan fraksi hidrokarbon propane-propylene dari butane-butylene beserta fraksi yang lebih beratnya dengan proses distilasi bertekanan. Seiring perkembangan zaman, permintaan pasar terhadap produk petrokimia terus bertambah. Kenaikan permintaan pasar ini mengakibatkan harga produk petrokimia seperti polypropylene melonjak tinggi. Agar PT X dapat memenuhi permintaan pasar dan memperoleh omzet secara maksimal, diperlukan evaluasi kondisi operasi alat serta penentuan kondisi operasi yang optimal pada kolom depropanizer (LS-T-1) sehingga pemisahan raw PP dapat secara maksimal diperoleh sebagai produk atas dan dapat menyediakan umpan yang cukup untuk diolah di unit polypropylene. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan evaluasi kinerja didapatkan overall column efficiency sebesar 32,22%. Optimasi kondisi operasi adalah menentukan kondisi operasi optimal agar diperoleh keuntungan secara maksimal dengan meningkatkan yield produk atas yang memenuhi spesifikasi produk yang ditetapkan. Berdasarkan optimasi menggunakan Aspen HYSYS, kondisi optimal dicapai saat kolom beroperasi dengan aliran reflux 505,06 ton per hari dan suhu bawah kolom 107,40 oC. Sehingga, diperoleh yield produk atas kolom sebesar 315,6 ton per hari dengan kemurnian produk 69,08%.
EVALUASI DRILING LINE DENGAN METODE TON-MILE DI PT. X
Authors: Suranta Bambang Yudho , Muntaza Khairul
Published: January 2024

Sistem pengangkat (Hoisting System) merupakan salah satu komponen utama dari suatu rig.Fungsinya adalah untuk membantu peralatan pemutar dalam mengebor sumur dengan menyediakan alatalat yang sesuai dan ruang kerja yang dibutuhkan. Selain itu, sistem ini bertanggung jawab untukmengangkat, menurunkan, dan menggantung beban yang sangat berat dari alat-alat pemutar. Sistempengangkat dalam proses pemboran memiliki peranan yang sangat penting karena menghadapi bebanvertikal maupun horizontal. Beban vertikal berasal dari berat menara itu sendiri, drill string, casingstring, tegangan dari fast line, tegangan deadline, dan blok-blok. Sementara beban horizontaldipengaruhi oleh kecepatan angin, yang berpengaruh terhadap beban pada sistem pengangkatan saatpemboran. Menghitung ton mile, driller atau toolpusher biasanya menggunakan rumus praktis (rule ofthumb). Hasil perhitungannya menunjukkan 7,19 tonmiles pada kedalaman 800 ft. Namun, ketikamenggunakan standar American Petroleum Institute (API) Spec 09 B Care and Use of Wire Rope 11 EdAug 2002 dan American Petroleum Institute (API) Spec 09 A Care and Use of Wire Rope 25 Ed Aug2004, perhitungan menghasilkan 5,5 tonmiles. Terdapat perbedaan sebesar 23,5% antara keduaperhitungan tersebut. Latar belakang dari sistim pengangkat pada operasi pemboran, workover danwellservice yang rutin maka tugas drilling line akan menjadi tumpuhan pada hosting system sehinggaperlu dilakukan perhitungan beban secara rutin. Drilling line yang mempunyai tugas berat harus selaluperpantau keadaanya sehingga tidak akan putus karena beban yang berlebihan dengan menggunakanmetode ton-mile.
ANALISA NON-PRODUCTIVE TIME RIG MB PADA PEKERJAAN WORKOVER DAN WELLSERVICE DI LAPANGAN W
Authors: Suranta Bambang Yudho , Bugis Melinda Wati , Purnomosidi Purnomosidi
Published: January 2024

Biaya pengeboran dan pemeliharaan sumur merupakan faktor penting dalam menentukan keuntungan finansial dari investasi minyak dan gas bumi. Sifat kritisnya terutama ketika biaya operasi tinggi dan ketika terjadinya problem pada saat pengeboran maupun pemleiharaan sumur. Pekerjaan perbaikan dan pemelihraan sumur mempunyai cost yang cukup mahal, maka dari itu sebelum melakukan pekerjaan tersebut, pihak perusahaan harus membuat perencanaan dengan mempertimbangkan banyak aspek diantaranya NPT (Non-Productive Time) yang akan menjadi problem dan akan menyebabkan waktu penyewaan penggunaan peralatan rig yang tidak terbayar. Non-Productive Time merupakan waktu yang tidak produktif karena terdapat beberapa permasalahan yang menyebabkan downtime sehingga menganggu jalannya kegiatan perbaikan dan perawatan sumur selama operasi berlangsung. Non productive time merupakan kejadian tidak terduga yang terjadi diluar rencana awal suatu proyek pemboran, sehingga tidak ada standar khusus dalam pengukurannya. Analisa non productive time dilakukan untuk mengetahui penyebab terhambatnya pekerjaan (workover and Wellservice )   pada rig MB dengan mengklasifikasikan kegiatan-kegiatan yang temasuk non productive time melalui DDR dan dapat memperhitungkan risiko terjadinya non productive time pada operasi-operasi berikutnya dan menentukan solusi dalam penanganan masalah dari dampak non productive time terhadap pemilik rig dan KKKS selaku penyewa rig #MB. Permasalahan yang menyebabkan non productive time pada rig MB dalam kurun waktu satu tahun adalah Inspeksi/rig safety checklist dengan presentase 46,4%, repair dengan presentase 36,4% dan waiting on equipment dengan presentase 17,2% dengan presentase performa rig 89% dalam kurun waktu satu tahun. Presentase non productive time tertinggi yaitu inspeksi rig yang diakibatkan oleh banyaknya temuan inspeksi yang tidak sesuai dengan standar yang telah ditetapkan. Solusi yang diberikan untuk menangani permasalahan-permasalahan non productive time yang terjadi yaitu dengan menyediakan peralatan suku cadang terhadap peralatan-peralatan yang sering mengalami kerusakan dan yang rentan terhadap kerusakan dan lain-lain sesuai dengan kondisi yang terjadi dan melakukan pembenahan secara berkala terhadap seluruh komponen rig terutama yang rentan akan terjadinya kerusakan.