bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN TEMAN SEBAYA TERHADAP PERILAKU SOSIAL ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN
Authors: Utami Dian Tri
Published: October 2019

The child spends a lot of time interacting in the outer environment with peers in various activities. They showed symptoms of sharing tasks, competition, contention, sympathy, slings help in facing difficulties. This picture shows symptoms of social behavior, there is a good social behavior and social behavior is not good. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of peer environment on the social behavior of children aged 5-6 years in Kindergarten Humairoh Kubang Jaya Village Siak Hulu District Kampar Regency. This research uses the form of quantitative research with correlational approach. Data collection techniques used in this study is observation. This study uses statistical analysis in the form of chi-square method. The results showed that the peer environment has a strong influence on the social behavior of children. This can be seen from the average score of social and environmental behavior of peers obtained in good category (77.55%) and (74.42%). From the result of the research, it is found that the value of χ² = 19.54 and χ²table = 9.49 so that χ²count ≥ χ²table or 19.54 ≥ 9,49 thus the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected, that is there is a significant influence from peer environment to social behavior of children aged 5-6 years in Kindergarten Humairoh Kubang Jaya Village Siak Hulu District Kampar District. The effect of variable X to Y is 57%.
PENINGKATAN KECERDASAN VERBAL LINGUISTIK ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI PERMAINAN “GERBONG KATA”
Authors: Setyorini Ririn , Sandi Noviea Varahdilah , Wibisono Yusup
Published: October 2019

Early childhood is a group of individuals who desperately need education and mentoring that are good for their future. Early childhood has different characteristics with adults, as well as their learning process. Early childhood requires a fun learning process so that the process of learning early childhood does not get bored quickly. Many ways can be done to help children in the learning process. The most fun learning process for early childhood is by playing. Besides they can get useful lessons, through playing early childhood able to socialize well through playing. linguistic verbal intelligence is an intelligence that must be possessed by a child, the increase in verbal linguistics of children must be taught as early as possible so they have good verbal linguistics. There are many ways that can be used to improve the linguistic verbal intelligence of children, one of them is the word carriage game. This game is very easy and inexpensive, besides it can be used anywhere, this game can be played by anyone and certainly can improve verbal linguistics of early childhood.
MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES ANAK USIA DINI MENURUT AL-QUR’AN SURAT LUQMAN AYAT 12-19 (Kajian Filsafat Pendidikan)
Authors: Nurhadi Nurhadi
Published: October 2019

Multiple Intelligences and spiritual, emotional and intellectual intelligence in the study of Islamic education philosophy are called Imaniyah, Amaliyah and Fikriyah intelligence. This term the author (researcher) concludes from Islamic history about the intelligence of the servants of the Shari'a bearers (the Prophets and the Apostles), the intelligence of the companions of the Prophet and the Messenger of Allah and the intelligence of the ulama (mujtahid fiqh). In Surah Luqman verses 12-19, it contains the subjects of Faith, Aqeedah, Tawheed is Ottoman intelligence. Thanks to Allah Almighty, Prayers, Devotion to Parents is Amaliyah's intelligence. Responsible, Tolerance, Patience, Tawaduk, Amar Ma'ruf, Nahi Mungkar, Ta'at Ibadah are Intellectual intelligence. In accordance with their nature, even though early childhood children are required to receive comprehensive teaching on multiple intelligences because early childhood is naturally fit, therefore parents as teachers must first express that intelligence to their children. In order to wake up and be aware of the potential of our human beings as a servant of Allah SWT. Because early childhood is a golden age for children for the revival of the soul of the afterlife world.
PENGENALAN NARKOBA PADA ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI PENDEKATAN METODE BERCERITA
Authors: Raihana Raihana , Nurhayati Siti , Muazimah Ajriah
Published: October 2019

Underage drug users show very large numbers, so understanding the dangers of drugs needs to be planted as early as possible. Supervision is not only done by parents at home, but also by teachers and the surrounding community. Through the method of telling children, it is expected to be able to distinguish good deeds and bad deeds so that they can be applied in daily life. The method of telling stories using illustrated storybooks that are packaged in an interesting way can be of particular concern to children. The adverse effects of drug use, for children not only will lose their future but will also lose their identity as young people who are creative and innovative, using drugs means children damage themselves, because as we all know that drug use will continually damage the nervous system the brain that will be felt throughout his life, even if the person has stopped using drugs. The method of telling stories by conveying information and knowledge to early childhood about the adverse effects of drug use is fun and will be stored in memory until adulthood so that the hopes and desires to make the younger generation will avoid drugs will be realized.
PEMBELAJARAN KOMPUTER ANAK USIA DINI DI TAMAN KANAK-KANAK TELKOM PADANG
Authors: Mutia Pratiwi Asdani , Ismet Syahrul
Published: October 2019

This study aims to describe computer learning for early childhood in Telkom Kindergarten Padang. The research uses descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The informants from this study were computer teachers. Data collection techniques in this study used observation techniques, interview techniques, and documentation techniques. Data analysis techniques used are data triangulation techniques. The result of children’s computer learning in the Telkom Kindergarten in Padang have been well implemented. Computer learning material given by teacher to children starts from easiest to the most difficult. In teaching computer material to children, the teacher uses several computer learning methods to make it easier for children to receive learning materials, namely cooperative methods, tutorial methods, demonstration methods, training methods and practice, and game methods. In its implementation, there are still obstacles faced by children’s, teachers, and computers used.
GAMBARAN SIKAP EMPATI ANAK KELOMPOK B1 DI TAMAN KANAK-KANAK ISLAM DAUD KHALIFATULLOH PADANG
Authors: Meilani Fuji , Izzati Izzati
Published: October 2019

Social ability is one aspect that must be owned by children, where with this social ability children will socialize with their surrounding environment. Empathy is an ability to understand and feel what is being experienced and thought by others. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing how to describe the empathy attitude of B1 children in Islamic Kindergarten Daud Khalifatulloh Padang. The research method was used in descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study state that B1 children have a good empathy attitude, which is seen based on the aspects of empathy, such as cooperation, solidarity, tolerance, helping, compassion, caring, and tolerance
PERILAKU ASUH ORANGTUA OVER PROTECTIVE TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN SOSIAL ANAK DI TK ISLAM KHAIRA UMMAH IKUR KOTO KECAMATAN KOTO TANGAH KOTA PADANG
Authors: Febiola Fifi , Izzati Izzati
Published: October 2019

This study aims to describe the symptoms of over protective foster behsvior towards the social development of children in islamic kindergartens Khaira Ummah Ikur Koto Kecamatan Koto Tangah Kota Padang. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive study methods. The researcher uses parents and teachers as informants. How to use the date used by researchers is observasi, interviews, and documentation.

Based one the descriptive and data analysis, it can be concluded that the research shows that parents provide parenting patterns that tend to be over protective of their children. This is indicated by the form of protective provided by parents to their children, and does not provide an opportunity for children to be able to do it themselves. The over protective parenting has an impact on children’s social development, namely children are difficult to adapt to the new environment, prefer to play alone, and result in children not being independent.
MENGEMBANGKAN SOSIAL EMOSIONAL ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI BERMAIN
Authors: Lubis Mira Yanti
Published: October 2019

Playing is an activity that is very important for the growth and development of children. Playing must be done at the initiative of the child and on the decision of the child itself, carried out with pleasure, so that all playful activities will produce a learning process in the child. Playing can also stimulate various children's developments such as physical-motoric, cognitive, logical-mathematical, language, moral-religious, social-emotional and artistic. Through playing, children's creativity will be built up and develop optimally. Children's social-emotional development in principle children learns through social interaction, both with adults and with peers. Social development has a positive impact on children's development. Social development supports communication skills, academic success, and adaptation in schools, and strengthens peer relationships and creates a positive environment in learning.  Therefore, this competence must be developed early on optimally. One way to develop emotional social competence in early childhood is through play. Playing can be used as an alternative media in developing social-emotional early childhood
MEMBANGUN KECERDASAN ANAK MELALUI DONGENG
Authors: Harahap Rani Astria Silvera
Published: October 2019

Storytelling or reading stories is one way to grow children's intelligence. Along with the development of the era of storytelling, it was considered an ancient way because it was crushed by the sophistication of modern technology, defeated by gadgets and television, which showed programs that did not necessarily have benefits. However, through fairy tales, children are invited to communicate and try to make an idea about solving a problem. In addition, by storytelling children will also be invited to think in a coherent manner, sharpen their verbal skills, develop children's imagination, and many more benefits. From a fairy tale read by both parents and teachers, there will be a lot of new vocabulary, new knowledge, and moral messages conveyed to children.
EVALUASI PENGENALAN TATA CARA BERWUDHU DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM MELALUI MEDIA GAMBAR PADA KELOMPOK B DI RA ASIAH KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Afiyah Afiyah , Pratama Melwani May , Nurhasanah Rizky , Wahyuni Ida Windi
Published: October 2019

This study aims to introduce the procedure for ablution in the development of Islamic education through the medium of the slowdown in group B in RA Asiah, Pekanbaru city. The research was carried out because there were problems in the introduction of ablution procedures. The results of the observation on the evaluation of the introduction of ablution procedures in the development of Islamic education through the propagating media in group B in RA Asiah can be concluded that the introduction of the procedure for ablution through the image media is carried out optimally. The activity of introducing the procedures for the ablution of children given by educators goes according to the expectations and achievements of development, which are used as indicators of implementation on aspects of strength and balance
Approach to the organization of decision support in the formulation of innovative regional development strategies applying adaptive-simulation model
Authors: Chernyakhovskaya L. , Nizamutdinov M. , Oreshnikov V. , Atnabaeva A.
Published: October 2019

The issues of formation of the decision support system in the field of regional development management have been considered. The presented review of the existing approaches in this field testifies on the one hand to their diversity, and on the other hand, it allows us to draw a conclusion about the need to solute a number of methodological and practical issues of decision support in terms of innovative development of regions. On this basis, the goal of the research is to develop the concept of a decision support system to substantiate the parameters of the innovative strategy of regional development based on adaptive mechanisms for coordinating the interests of economic agents.

The research methodology is based on the synthesis of different approaches in the framework of integration into the structure of adaptive simulation models of problem-oriented knowledge bases, as well as intelligent technologies for processing semistructured information, using to find decisions in the process of formation and adjustment of parameters of management of innovative development of the region. The result of the study is a theoretical justification for the development of problem-oriented DSS, including a description of the interrelated stages, determining the main design features of this toolkit.

As a part of the study, a conceptual scheme of implementation of the decision support system in the field of management of regional innovative development has been proposed, the key functional blocks of the proposed tools have been described, the place of existing tools in the structure of the regional development management system has been determined, the possibilities of its use in the formation of forecast-planned assessments of regional development, as well as the evaluation of the effectiveness of alternative management actions, have been shown.

In our opinion, the proposed tools will expand the possibilities of applying the management theory and decision support methods, intelligent information technology, economic and mathematical methods, modern computer simulation technologies for strategic planning of socio-economic systems of macro- and meso-level. In practice, the tools can be interesting for public authorities to solve problems in the formulation of innovative regional development strategies for the Russian regions, the formation of medium-term forecasts and the justification of the parameters of social, economic and budgetary policy.
Activity of oil companies of Iraq and their role in the world economy
Authors: Mohammed I. M. M. , Pizengolts V.
Published: October 2019

Сurrently, oil market remains one of the most demanded types of energy resources, the trade of which can be called the most important element of modern world economic relations.

The global market for oil and oil products is characterized by high volatility, which requires the development of various strategies for insuring financial losses. Futures contracts are one of the main market financial risk management tools. Companies face the challenge of choosing the optimal hedging strategy. Will this strategy be used solely to hedge prices or will it become part of a wider market strategy.

Another specific feature of the oil market is the participation of foreign companies in the exploration of oil fields in developing countries. Since the Iraqi oil market is currently in dire need of investment in technological infrastructure, the problem of attracting and operating foreign companies is also very topical for Iraq, and such relations themselves are also unstable and are influenced by many internal and external factors. The global energy sector is undergoing fundamental changes. At the same time, Iraq today has the most favorable opportunities for solving its economic problems, both shortterm and long-term. Iraq has a huge oil potential, largely unrealized, while possessing significant explored and undiscovered reserves. However, the oil and gas industry in Iraq requires the restoration and achievement of a stable export flow after the crisis period for it. Moreover, refineries need modernization, which requires significant financial costs.
Transport demand as a function of the state of a transport network
Authors: Sakulyeva T.
Published: October 2019

For thousands of years in major cities one of the main problems was the possibility of movement. The need for movement is based on the opportunities provided by transport, and encourages society to further develop. The article considers the historical aspects of the study of the mobility of the population and the study of its mobility in terms of digital technology.

The application of various methods of mobility research is a common practice in many countries, cities, regions, which provides the collection of important information for the development of transport systems. Financial and organizational constraints affect the quantity and quality of the data collected. Existing techniques need to be constantly adapted to rapidly developing technologies and the rapidly changing nature of population mobility, which is becoming more intermodal. A qualitative model based on an appropriate data set creates a qualitative set of input data for the concept, design, and evaluation results. This in turn will allow for a more reasonable design and evaluation of transport projects.

Transport modeling varies from developing relatively simple models in the form of tables to models of transport networks, which consider transport demand as a function of the state of the transport network. For each stage of modeling, there is a need to include feedback in the modeling process. They reveal the interrelation of the various steps of the modeling process and the need to use iterative methods of calculation. The functionality of the model is determined by the presence of feedbacks, which increase the ability of the model to predict actual results. Before carrying out any actions on transport modeling, it is necessary fully understand the requirements for the function of this model. This will ensure, that the model is a result, which is important for the project and provides it with a qualitative assessment.
Peculiarities of construction of local self-government models in the modern slavic states
Authors: Djordjević A. , Seregin A. , Cherkasova M. , Milkina I.
Published: October 2019

The peculiarities of construction of local self-government models in the modern Slavic States, which in the 90-s of XX century abandoned the socialist path of development, – have been examined. The aim of the study is to identify specific features and common approaches to the construction of local self-government system, based on the analysis of the practice of local self-government institutions of the Slavic States and the provisions of the Constitutions of the Republic of Serbia, the Republic of Poland, the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic, Ukraine, the Republic of Croatia, the Russian Federation, etc.

The organizational forms of local self-government and the particularities of the implementation of local issues, taking into account national traditions, – have been analyzed. In this connection, the majority of modern Slavic States recognizes and guarantees local self-government as the most important constitutional value and institution of the people’s right. It has been determined, that the list of issues of local importance mainly affects the areas of urban planning, municipal activities, culture, sports, social protection of the population and children, preschool education, healthcare, approval of municipal programs of economic development, local budgets, taxes and fees, the appointment of local referendums, etc. However, there there is a number of countries, in which local government issues are not specified in the Constitution. Among the criteria for the difference between the models of local self-government are the following: the list of issues of local importance and competence of local self-government bodies; relations with public authorities and the degree of freedom of local self-government from the state; territorial organization of local self-government, etc.

It has been concluded, that the most common form of interaction between public authorities and local self-government for the Slavic states at the beginning of the XXI century, was the Zemstvo-state model, that takes into account the mutual interests of a sovereign power and the population, living within certain territorial communities.
Synthesis of Phospho-Amino Acid Analogues as Tissue Adhesive Cement Additives
Authors: Spicer Christopher , Pujari-Palmer Michael , Autefage Hélène , Insley Gerard , Procter Philip , Engqvist Håkan , Stevens Molly
Published: October 2019

We report the synthesis of a library of phospho-amino acid analogues using a novel allyl-phosphoester deprotection strategy. By reacting phenols and alcohols with a combination of POCl3 and allyl alcohol we generate protected phosphoesters that can be subsequently deprotected via treatment with Pd(OAc)2. We go on to show that the generated phosphoserine and phosphotyrosine analogues can be used to generate adhesive calcium phosphate cements with potential applications in the treatment of bone defects. In particular, we use mechanical testing to demonstrate the importance of multiple calcium binding motifs and steric arrangement in promoting adhgesive strength.
Catalyst- and Silane- Controlled Enantioselective Hydrofunctionalization of Alkenes by TM-HAT and RPC Mechanism
Authors: Ebisawa Kousuke , Izumi Kana , Ooka Yuka , Kato Hiroaki , Kanazawa Sayori , Komatsu Sayura , Nishi Eriko , Hiroya Kou , Shigehisa Hiroki
Published: October 2019

The catalytic enantioselective synthesis of tetrahydrofurans, found in the structures of many biologically active natural products, via a transition-metal-catalyzed hydrogen atom transfer (TM-HAT) and radical-polar crossover (RPC) mechanism is described. Hydroalkoxylation of non-conjugated alkenes proceeded efficiently with excellent enantioselectivity (up to 97:3 er) using a suitable chiral cobalt catalyst, N-fluoro-2,4,6-trimethylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate, and a diethylsilane. Surprisingly, absolute configuration of the product was highly dependent on the bulkiness of the silane. Mechanistic studies suggested a HAT mechanism and multiple enantiodetermining steps via an organocobalt(III) intermediate. DFT calculations suggested the presence of a cationic organocobalt intermediate, and that a critical factor of the enantioselectivity is the thermodynamic stability of the organocobalt(III) intermediate.
The Dynamic Ligand Field of a Molecular Qubit: Decoherence Through Spin–Phonon Coupling
Authors: Mirzoyan Ruben , Hadt Ryan
Published: October 2019

Quantum coherence of S = 1/2 transition metal-based quantum bits (qubits) is strongly influenced by the magnitude of spin–phonon coupling. While this coupling is recognized as deriving from dynamic distortions about the first coordination sphere of the metal, a general model for understanding and quantifying ligand field contributions has not been established. Here we derive a general ligand field theory model to describe and quantify the nature of spin–phonon coupling terms in S = 1/2 transition metal complexes. We show that the coupling term for a given vibrational mode is governed by: 1) the magnitude of the metal-based spin–orbit coupling constant, 2) the magnitude and gradient in the ligand field excited state energy, and 3) dynamic relativistic nephelauxetic contributions reflecting the magnitude and gradient in the covalency of the ligand–metal bonds. From an extensive series of density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) calculations calibrated to a range of experimental data, spin–phonon coupling terms describing minimalistic D4h/D2d [CuCl4]2- and C4v [VOCl4]2- complexes translate to and correlate with experimental quantum coherence properties observed for Cu(II)- and V(IV)-based molecular qubits with different ligand sets, geometries, and coordination numbers. While providing a fundamental framework and means to benchmark current qubits, the model and methodology described herein can be used to screen any S = 1/2 molecular qubit candidate and guide the discovery of room temperature coherent materials for quantum information processing.
Photocontrolled Radical Polymerization from Hydridic C–H Bonds
Authors: Stache Erin , Kottisch Veronika , Fors Brett
Published: October 2019

Given the ubiquity of C–H bonds in biomolecules and polymer backbones, the development of a photocontrolled polymerization from a C–H bond would represent a powerful strategy for selective polymer conjugation precluding several synthetic steps to introduce complex functionality. We have developed a hydrogen-atom abstraction strategy that allows for a controlled polymerization from a C­–H bond using a benzophenone photocatalyst, a trithiocarbonate-derived disulfide, and visible light. We perform the polymerization from a variety of ethers, alkanes, unactivated C–H bonds, and alcohols as well as showcase the applicability of the method to several monomer classes. Our method lends itself to photocontrol which has important implications for building advanced macromolecular architectures. Finally, we demonstrate that we can graft polymer chains controllably from poly(ethylene glycol) showcasing the potential application of this method for controlled grafting from C–H bonds of commodity polymers.
Predicting Retrosynthetic Pathways Using a Combined Linguistic Model and Hyper-Graph Exploration Strategy
Authors: Schwaller Philippe , Petraglia Riccardo , Zullo Valerio , Nair Vishnu H , Haeuselmann Rico Andreas , Pisoni Riccardo , Bekas Costas , Iuliano Anna , Laino Teodoro
Published: October 2019

We present an extension of our Molecular Transformer architecture combined with a hyper-graph exploration strategy for automatic retrosyn- thesis route planning without human intervention. The single-step ret- rosynthetic model sets a new state of the art for predicting reactants as well as reagents, solvents and catalysts for each retrosynthetic step. We introduce new metrics (coverage, class diversity, round-trip accuracy and Jensen-Shannon divergence) to evaluate the single-step retrosynthetic models, using the forward prediction and a reaction classification model always based on the transformer architecture. The hypergraph is con- structed on the fly, and the nodes are filtered and further expanded based on a Bayesian-like probability. We critically assessed the end-to-end framework with several retrosynthesis examples from literature and aca- demic exams. Overall, the frameworks has a very good performance with few weaknesses due to the bias induced during the training process. The use of the newly introduced metrics opens up the possibility to optimize entire retrosynthetic frameworks through focusing on the performance of the single-step model only.

Available on IBM RXN for Chemistry: https://rxn.res.ibm.com.
Real-Time in situ Observations Reveal a Double Role for Ascorbic Acid in the Anisotropic Growth of Silver on Gold
Authors: Aliyah Kinanti , Lyu Jieli , Goldmann Claire , Bizien Thomas , Hamon Cyrille , Alloyeau Damien , Constantin Doru
Published: October 2019

Rational nanoparticle design is one of the main goals of materials science, but it can only be achieved via a thorough understanding of the growth process and of the respective roles of the molecular species involved. We demonstrate that a combination of complementary techniques can yield novel information with respect to their individual contributions. We monitored the growth of long aspect ratio silver rods from gold pentatwinned seeds by three in situ techniques (small-angle x-ray scattering, optical absorbance spectroscopy and liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy). Exploiting the difference in reaction speed between the bulk synthesis and the nanoparticle formation in the TEM cell, we show that the anisotropic growth is thermodynamically controlled (rather than kinetically) and that ascorbic acid, widely used for its mild reductive properties plays a shape-directing role, by stabilizing the {100} facets of the silver cubic lattice, in synergy with the halide ions. This approach can easily be applied to a wide variety of synthesis strategies.
Linear Correlation Models for the Redox Potential of Organic Molecules in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Ortiz-Rodríguez Jessica C. , Santana Juan A. , Méndez-Hernández Dalvin D
Published: October 2019

In this study we use the molecular orbital energy approximation (MOEA) and the energy difference approximation (EDA) to build linear correlation models for the redox potentials of 53 organic compounds in aqueous solutions. The molecules evaluated include nitroxides, phenols and amines. Both the MOEA and EDA methods yield similar correlation models, however the MOEA method is less computationally expensive. Correlation coefficients (R2) below 0.3 and mean absolute errors above 0.25 V were found for correlation models built without solvent effects. When explicit water molecules and a continuum solvent model are added to the calculations, correlation coefficients close to 0.8 are reached and mean absolute errors below 0.18 V are obtained. The incorporation of solvent effects is necessary for good correlation models, particularly for redox processes of charged molecules in aqueous solutions. A comparison of the correlation models from different methodologies is provided.
Microsecond Timescale Simulations at the Transition State of PmHMGR Predict Remote Allosteric Residues
Authors: Quinn Taylor , Steussy Calvin N. , Haines Brandon E. , Lei Jinping , Wang Wei , Sheong Fu Kit , Stauffacher Cynthia V. , Huang Xuhui , Norrby Per-Ola , Helquist Paul , Wiest Olaf
Published: October 2019

Understanding the mechanisms of enzymatic catalysis requires a detailed understanding of the complex interplay of structure and dynamics of large systems that is a challenge for both experimental and computational approaches. QM/MM methods have been extensively used to study these reactions, but the difficulties arising from the hybrid treatment of the system are well documented. More importantly, the computational demands of QM/MM simulations mean that the dynamics of the reaction can only be considered on a timescale of nanoseconds even though the conformational changes needed to react the catalytically active state happen on a much slower timescale. Here we demonstrate an alternative approach that uses transition state force fields (TSFFs) derived by the quantum-guided molecular mechanics (Q2MM) method that provides a consistent treatment of the entire system at the classical molecular mechanics level and allows simulations at the microsecond timescale. Application of this approach the second hydride transfer transition state of HMG-CoA reductase from Pseudomonas mevalonii (PmHMGR) identified three remote residues, R396 E399 and L407, (15-27 Å away from the active site) that have a remote dynamic effect on enzyme activity. The predictions were subsequently validated experimentally via site-directed mutagenesis. These results show that microsecond timescale MD simulations of transition states are possible and can predict rather than just rationalize remote allosteric residues.
Quality of life assessment in behçet’s disease: an observational case control single center study
Authors: Faiq I. Gorial  , Mais Ajeel Jabbar
Published: October 2019

Behçet’s disease (BD) is a multisystemic inflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent exacerbations. Limited studies have shown it has a negative impact on patients quality of life(QoL). This study aimed to evaluate Quality of Life in Patients with Behçet’s disease compared with healthy controls. A case-control study involved 71 patients with BD compared with 71 healthy controls matched in age and sex. Health-related quality-of-life was evaluated using the Short Form-36 (SF-36). All the components of Short Form-36 (SF-36), it's summary scores, and Total Short Form-36 (Total SF-36) score was significantly lower (p-value <0.001 ) in patients compared to controls. Each organ involvement studied may affect independently specific SF-36 subscores. Central nervous system involvement in BD  had a strong impact since it affects most of the SF-36 subscores. In conclusion: Health-related Quality of life was significantly impaired in Iraqi patients with Behçet’s disease compared to healthy controls. Each organ involvement studied may affect independently specific SF-36 subscores.
A cross sectional study on knowledge, attitude and practice towards tuberculosis among health care workers
Authors: Ajith Kumar G  , Saranya P
Published: October 2019

Health care providers play a major role in the management of tuberculosis (TB). The knowledge, attitude and practice towards TB in health care providers will have an impact on the treatment success or failure. Studies have reported that inadequate knowledge of the health care providers led to the delivery of improper counselling content to the recipients. We assessed the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) towards tuberculosis among health care workers in and around Chennai. A cross sectional study was conducted among 382 health care workers of the chest and tuberculosis department of government hospitals and directly observed treatment short-course clinics. The principal investigator administered a structured and validated questionnaire to the study participants. Around 500 healthcare workers were approached, and 382 showed interest to sign the informed consent. A majority (70%) of the study participants were between the age group 20-30 years. There was a highly significant difference (P = 0.006) in response to this between participants who had a history of active tuberculosis and undergone treatment for the same, and the participants with no history of TB. There was a significant difference between the study population based on their qualification and profession (P = 0.001 and P = 0.007 respectively) in using the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program guideline for reference. The knowledge attitude and practice towards TB was good in more than 80% of the respondents, yet there is room to improve. Structured periodic training towards TB will further improve the KAP of health care workers.
Stress profile and university performance of pharmacy students
Authors: Elham Alshammari
Published: October 2019

The objective of the study was to examine the stress profile and university performance of pharmacy students. The study was necessary since high academic expectations among pharmacy students can expose them to stressful conditions. In return, stress can affect their level of performance. A quantitative approach was used to meet the objective of the study. A survey questionnaire was electronically administered to the study participants (n=591) to collect socio-demographic data, the student’s overall academic cumulative GPA, and stress indicators. The collected data was analysed quantitatively through the use of SPSS, more so using descriptive statistics and correlation tests. The study first examined the relationship between academic performance and stress and found no correlation between these two variables. The relationship between age and academic stress was also examined, and no correlation was evident. In addition, the year of study was compared to academic stress, and a significant relationship was found to exist between the two variables. Additionally, the year of study was also found to affect cognitive as well as social and interpersonal scores. The findings of the study, therefore, demonstrated the existence of no correlation between academic performance, stress, and age. These findings were unexpected, considering the general assumption that many pharmacy students experience elevated levels of stress compared to their counterparts pursuing less intensive courses. In sum, only the year of study was found to contribute to perceived stress among pharmacy students. Since academic factors are directly under the control of learning institutions, it is key that the management puts in place measures to minimise the resulting stress.
The use of sarcoptes scabiei crude extract as allergen: An attempt to prepare a vaccine
Authors: Malak Majid Al-Musawi  , Hadi Rasool Hasan  , Azar Hadi Maluki
Published: October 2019

Scabies stands for a skin parasitic infestation as a result of mite Sarcoptes scabiei. It is a neglected international health problem; about 300 million cases develop scabies worldwide annually. Sarcoptes scabiei mite proteins are extracted, then heat-stable mite proteins concentration has been established by Bradford's method. SDS-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis was used. The activity of mite allergens was assayed through skin prick test (SPT) in scabietic patients with 1.2 μg/ml and 2.4 μg/ml. House dust mite (HDM) antigens were skin prick tested in patients with scabies and controls. The results revealed that the SDS-PAGE profile of the parasite heat-stable proteins consisted of protein bands with molecular weights ranged from less than 10 to over than 100 kDa. Skin test demonstrated that 70% and 80% of scabietic patients had a positivity against 1.2 μg/ml and 2.4 μg/ml of sarcoptic mite extracts, respectively when prick tested. HDM extract was found to be positive in 40% of scabietic patients; while controls revealed a negative result. Sarcoptic proteins contain heat-stable allergens which able to cause immediate type-1 hypersensitivity when 1.2μg/ml of mite protein is skin prick tested, and there is cross-reactivity between Sarcoptes scabiei and HDM allergens.
Non-pathological bony features causing snapping scapula syndrome : a study with correlation to gender and side
Authors: Ritu Singroha  , Usha Verma  , Suresh Kanta Rathee
Published: October 2019

A patient of snapping scapula usually presents with perceivable, appreciable and agonizing crepitus during the movements of scapula. This study aimed at focusing on bony features which are responsible for snapping scapula and study their incidence, morphology and correlation to gender and side of the scapula. The study was performed on 50 pairs of the human scapula of known sex in the Department of Anatomy at PGIMS Rohtak. The parameters recorded were medial scapular border morphology, presence of Tubercle of Luschka and the presence of Teres major tubercle or process. The most common type of medial scapular border was found to be Convex (73%) followed by Straight and Concave types. Luschka’s tubercle was observed in only 6% of the scapula. Teres Major tubercle was present in 29% of the scapula, whereas Teres Major process was present in only 11% of the scapula and the process was curved in only 2% of the scapula. These findings are very important for orthopaedic point of view in the diagnosis and treatment of snapping scapula syndrome.
Study to evaluate the role of serum LDH in the diagnosis of Megaloblastic anemia by treatment response at a tertiary care center in the northeastern part of India
Authors: Saurabh Chopra  , Lalit Prashant Meena  , Jaya Chakravarty  , Madhukar Rai
Published: October 2019

Megaloblastic anemia and Myelodysplastic syndrome are generally considered mutually exclusive diagnosis and at times becomes difficult to diagnose on the first encounter even after performing bone marrow examination. Aim of this study is to evaluate the role of LDH in the diagnosis of Megaloblastic anemia by treatment response at a tertiary care center in the northeastern part of India. Patients with age more than 12 years, Hemoglobin of patients less than 10 gm/dl, MCV ≥ 100 fl, Reticulocyte count <2.5 were included in the study. Based on serum LDH level patients were divided into two groups. Group A with serum LDH level ≥ 1200 U/L and Group B with serum LDH level of less than 1200 U/L. All these patients of serum LDH ≥1200 U/L were given a treatment trial of injectable Vitamin B12 containing 1000 μg of Vitamin B12 for 14 days. The response to treatment was monitored by an increment in reticulocyte count at day 5 and day 14. Bone marrow aspiration was done in all patients who had serum LDH less than 1200 mg/dl. Seventy-nine consecutive patients, who presented with anemia (Hb<10 g/dl) and macrocytosis (MCV > 100 fl) were included in the study. Median LDH values were higher in the patients who responded ( vitamin B12 deficient megaloblastic anemia ) as compared to non-responders. 93.5% of patients with megaloblastic anemia had Vitamin B12 deficiency, and in comparison, the folic acid deficiency was present among just 6.5 percent patients. Serum Vitamin B 12 and Folic acid level should not be used as a sole criterion for the diagnosis of Megaloblastic anemia and other parameters such as MCV, LDH, and characteristic blood picture, should all be taken into consideration before planning an appropriate treatment strategy.
Development and validation of a questionnaire assessing the knowledge, attitudes and practices of young adults in Malaysia towards sugar sweetened beverages
Authors: Nur Islami Mohd Fahmi Teng  , Norsham Juliana Nordin  , Siti Zarifah Abd Latif
Published: October 2019

The objective of this study is to produce a validated and reliable questionnaire that can assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of Malaysian young adults towards sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). Content validation was done using I-CVI and face validity index (FVI) was used to performed face validation. Construct validity was examined using Exploratory Factor Analysis. Cronbach’s Alpha (α) was established to determine internal reliability, and Pearson Correlation (PCs) was used to measure the inter-rater reliability of the items. Public universities in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Experts in Nutrition and Health Sciences and undergraduates aged 18 and above. I-CVI lead to the elimination of one item in the attitude domain and all items obtained satisfactory levels of FVI. The measurement of α lead to the elimination of several items and PCs indicated excellent inter-rater reliability (r > 0.7; p < 0.05) for all of the remaining items. The evidence on the validity and reliability of a questionnaire to assess KAP on SSB has been obtained. It can now be used among young adults in Malaysia.
Restorasi Onlay Porcelain Fusi Metal Pada Gigi 26 Pasca Perawatan Endodontic
Authors: Catur S Suryani , Novita N Dewi , Farijz Yan
Published: October 2019

Perawatan endodontik  dapat menyebabkan berkurangnya kekerasan gigi sebesar 5% dan kelenturan sebesar 60%. Kita bisa mengatasai masalah ini dengan melakukan restorasi crown atau onlay. Onlay  Porcelain Fused To Metal (PFM) ini dapat mempertahankan sebagian besar jaringan gigi yang berhubungan dengan gingival, dan hal ini merupakan suatu pertimbangan periodontal yang sangat membantu. Artikel ini bertujuan memaparkan  keberhasilan pembuatan onlay PFM pada gigi 26 pasca perawatan endodontik. Metode atau tata laksanan kasus terdiri dari penanganan klinik dan laboratorium. Tata laksana laboratorium dilakukan dua tahapan; yakni tahap pembuatan coping metal dan tahap pembentukan lapisan porselen. Coping metal dibuat dengan teknik waxing lapis demi lapis dengan membentuk full metal. Setelah coping terbentuk, pengurangan metal pada bagian bucal, mesio bukal cusp dan distobukal cusp dilakukan hingga mencapai ketebalan 3 mm. Kemudian, bagian tersebut dilapisi dengan bahan porselen. Tahap pelapisan porselen dimulai dari pengulasan opaque, dentin, enamel, dan glazing dengan warna  yang sesuai. Hasil dari pembuatan onlay ini; fitting margin cukup baik, warna sesuai dengan yang diintruksikan dokter, perlu dilakukan penyesuaian oklusi karena terdapat prematur kontak dibagian mesio dan disto bukal cusp.
Undisciplined Reviewed From the Habitus Pierre Bourdieu Theory
Authors: Mustofa Mustofa
Published: October 2019

The background undisiciplined attitude of students is found in daily life such as being late to class, littering, breaking traffic and other undisciplined attitudes. Though discipline is an important factor that determines success in the future. This study aims to uncover and explore the underlying causes of undisciplined attitudes in student life. Then explain and provide solutions to get used to the discipline in life. This study focuses on undisciplined attitudes that occur among students of the Nahdlatul Ulama University of Surabaya by determining the sample. This research uses descriptive survey method. The sample was taken from the representation of students in each faculty totaling 6 Faculties so that the data obtained varied. The average sample is 25 students from each faculty. The results showed that all students who were given the questionnaire were undisciplined in their daily lives. In conclusion Undisciplined attitude due to environmental influences (objectivism) and low self-awareness (subjectivism), which is in harmony with Pierre Bourdieu's habitus theory.
LIBERTAD DE CIRCULACIÓN EN LA UNIÓN EUROPEA Y DERECHOS DE PROTECCIÓN SOCIAL
Authors: Yolanda Sánchez-Urán Azaña María
Published: October 2019

Se plantea en el estudio el significado y alcance de los derechos que integran el estatuto de la Ciudadanía de la Unión, en especial, de los derivados de la libertad de circulación “no económica” de los ciudadanos comunitarios. En la actualidad el TJUE está comenzando a reformular su jurisprudencia expansiva en torno al principio de igualdad y no discriminación por razón de nacionalidad y, en particular, está limitando el derecho a la protección social de los ciudadanos comunitarios económicamente no activos. Entre ellos, los demandantes de empleo.
ALGUNS ASPECTOS SOBRE A GREVE NO BRASIL
Authors: Simão de Melo Raimundo
Published: October 2019

objetivamos e fizemos no presente artigo uma breve análise de alguns aspectosenvolvendo o direito de greve no Brasil. Analisamos o seu enquadramento legal ao longo do tempo(como delito, como ato antissocial contrário aos interesses do capital e do trabalho e como direitofundamental dos trabalhadores assegurado na Constituição Federal de 1988). A partir de entãoabordamos sobre os interesses que podem ser defendidos com a greve, se podem ou não ostrabalhadores fazer greve política e de solidariedade, se, diante da falta de regulamentação legal,podem os servidores públicos exercer o direito de greve assegurado na Constituição Federal,tratamos da situação dos militares, que foram proibidos de fazer greve, do complexo tema da grevenos serviços essenciais, dos limites do direito de greve, dos requisitos para o seu exercício regular,dos direitos e deveres dos grevistas, da greve ambiental e dos seus pressupostos específicos e,finalmente, das responsabilidades legais advindas do exercício do direito de greve.
EL NUEVO FRAUDE EMPRESARIAL: EL OUT SOURCING
Authors: De Buen Néstor
Published: October 2019

El objetivo del presente artículo es demostrar la utilización del out sourcing como forma de fraude al contrato de trabajo y de precarización de los derechos laborales. En primer lugar, son presentados el origen de la institución, sus aparentes aspectos positivos para el empleo en los países de menor desarrollo y las formas tradicionales de la intermediación. Después son demostrados los aspectos negativos del out sourcing para los países productores y su utilización como instrumento ilegal para eliminar responsabilidades laborales y disminuir la protección y los derechos laborales.