bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Histological Study for the Effect of Squalene Supplements on Muscles Rats Treated with Simvastatin
Authors: Oribi Zainab Amori , Hassan Mayada S. , Jawad Mohammed Jasim , Hassan Mahdi S. , Mohammed Omar Adel , Alzaidi Omar H.
Published: June 2023

The present study aimed to reveal the biological vitality of squalene supplements and in combination with statins. Statins are a class of drugs that are regularly administered to decrease cholesterol. The main cause of statin discontinuation is the development of statin-associated muscle symptoms. Because of the statin-related myotoxicity phenotypes that are getting worse have been proposed, the study was conducted to examine the effects of squalene supplements in combination with statin. In the experiment, thirty male rats were divided into two group, (experimental one) five rats dosage with normal saline only and other rats administrated with cholesterol 1%/BW for 28 days. Then the second group was randomly divided into four groups (experimental two). The experiment lasted about during two months, the rats were administration as the following groups, first group: six rats used as a negative control group dosage with normal saline only; second group: six rats used as a positive control group dosage with normal cholesterol 1% only; third group: six rats administrated with cholesterol 1%/BW for 28 days then treated with simvastatin 40 mg/kg dosage orally every day for 4 weeks; forth group: six rats administrated with cholesterol 1%/BW for 28 days then treated with squalene 0.2 mg orally every day for 28 day, and fifth group: six rats will have administrated with cholesterol 1%/BW for 28 days then treated with simvastatin 40 mg/kg dosage orally with squalene every day for 28 day. In conclusion: we found from the study effect of squalene supplements on rats treated with statin to avoid side effect and protecting the muscles from damage caused by statin.
Comparative study of the effect of Omega-3 and the nano-loaded Propylthiouracil on thyroxine-induced hyperthyroidism in male white rats
Authors: Allaithi Lina Abdulhussein A. , Kadhem Wejdan Matrood
Published: June 2023

This study was conducted to find out the therapeutic effect of Omega-3 and the zinc oxide nano-loaded propylthiouracil drug in the treatment of thyroxine-induced hyperthyroidism. The results show a significant increased (p<0.05) in serum of Triiodothyronine(T3) and Thyroxine (T4) hormones with a decreased Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level in T1 group compared with the control group. On the other hand, the results showed a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in (T3) and (T4) with increased (TSH) levels in (T2, T3) groups compared to (T1) group. There was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the level of Malondialdehyde (MDA)with a decrease in the level of antioxidants Glutathione (GSH), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) in the (T1) group in comparison with the control group. Also, the results showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the level of MDA with an increase in the level of antioxidants (GSH, SOD, CAT) in the (T2, T3) groups as compared to the (T1) group. The results of the current study showed that there was a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the level of Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the (T1) group as compared to (C) group, also, these results showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the level of ALP, ALT, AST in the (T2, T3) groups compared to (T1) group. Several methods were used in the examination of the drug propylthiouracil nano-loaded on zinc oxide, as they included the following tests on the Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy (FT – IR) and X-ray diffraction X-ray diffraction spectrum (XRD) as well as the use of atomic force microscope Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), the process of intercalation of the drug between layers of zinc oxide was carried out by the direct ion exchange method. This technique showed that propylthiouracil gave spectra indicating the success of the intercalation process, which was used in the subsequent stages of the study
Impact Of Intrinsic & Extrinsic Rewards On The Performance Of Employees Of Private Sector Banks In Delhi NCR: A Pragmatic Study
Authors: Bhavika Bindra , Dr. Shikha Kapoor , Himanshu Gupta
Published: June 2023

The performance of employees in private sector banks in Delhi NCR is influenced by both intrinsic and extrinsic rewards. Intrinsic rewards refer to the internal, non-monetary factors that motivate employees, such as job satisfaction, a sense of accomplishment, and personal growth. These rewards encourage employees to perform well, complete tasks effectively, and experience positive emotions in the workplace. The analysis is being done to assess the impact of extrinsic and intrinsic rewards on the outcomes of a worker. According to the findings of the study, there exists a considerable association among both the of rewards & outcomes of the worker. The intrinsic incentive, which is non-monetary in nature, pushes the employee to work well in order to finish that task effectively in the organisation and continue to feel happy emotions. Financial extrinsic incentives can lead to good behavioural changes and assist increase workplace efficiency. Employee performance is undoubtedly very important to the organisation. Employees are critical to an organization's profitability, efficiency, and eventually, success, since these outcomes will not occur without exceptional employee performance.
KOMPETENSI MANAJER DALAM MENGATASI KONFLIK PERILAKU ORGANISASI
Authors: Lerebulan Lady Angel Narwastu , Rahadi Dedi Rianto
Published: June 2023

Konflik sering kali ditemui di dalam kehidupan, konflik bisa beragam dan dengan siapa saja. Konflik dapat terjadi akibat adanya kesalahpahaman, tidak dapat menerima pendapat satu sama lain, dan adanya perbedaan dalam berpikir. Konflik yang umum terjadi di perusahaan adalah konflik yang terjadi karena adanya keterlibatan individu di organisasi yang mempunyai sifat yang berbeda, tujuan, serta perilakuyang berbeda satu sama lainnya. Dalam mengatur konflik dibutuhkan pengertian dan keterbukaan,kesabaran dan juga kesadaran semua pihak. Oleh sebab itu, peran manajer sangatlah penting untuk mengelola konflik yang ada di suatu organisasi itu sangatlah penting diantaranya: (1) sebagai mediator dalam mengatasi masalah (2) sebagai konsultan terhadap bawahannya (3) sebagai motivator (4) mempunyai wewenang dalam pengambilan keputusan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pentingnya kompetensi manajer dalam mengatasi perilaku suatu organisasi sebagai penengah antar individu dalam organisasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode wawancara kepada manajer dan 4 karyawan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sangat berpengaruhnya kompetensi yang dimiliki manajer dalam prganisasi karena tanpa adanya pemimpin maka pekerjaan yang ada tidak akan terkoordinasi dengan baik, dan manajer juga sebagai penengah jika terjadi konflik antar individu anggota kelompok
MANAJEMEN PERPUSTAKAAN BERBASIS IT-BASED SELF SERVICE PADA PERPUSTAKAAN PERGURUAN TINGGI (STUDI KASUS : STIE TRI BHAKTI)
Authors: Rachmawati Ariefah , Syarif Viola Dwi Putri
Published: June 2023

Manajemen perpustakaan berbasis ITBSS perlu menjadi perhatian khusus dalam pengelolaan perpustakaan perguruan tinggi. Namun dalam prakteknya, belum semua perguruan tinggi memiliki keseriusan dalam pengembangan sistem perpustakaan. Dengan adanya perkembangan teknologi yang mengharuskan sebuah perpustakaan berlaku sebagai institusi pengelola koleksi karya tulis, karya cetak dan/atau karya rekam secara professional dengan system yang baku guna memenuhi kebutuhan pendidikan, penelitian, pelestarian, informasi dan rekreasi para pemustaka. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan dan wawancara serta studi literasi, perpustakaan TBBS memang memerlukan pengembangan dalam penggunaan teknlogi informasi sebagai fasilitas layanan mandiri perpustakaan. Dengan menyesuaikan rencana strategis teknologi informasi STIE Tri Bhakti (TBBS) periode tahun 2019-2021 yang akan menuju smart campus, perpustakaanpun turut serta dalam merencanakan dalam 3 tahun kedepan. Layanan perpustakaan mandiri dapat terselenggara dengan persiapan organisasi yang matang dan pemenuhan kebutuhan perlengkapan dan peralatan yang didukung dalam anggaran.Perpustakaan TBBS tetap melaju dengan perencanaan, pengorganisasian serta penganggaran dalam menerapkan layanan mandiri. Seluruh kebutuhan sumber daya teknologi informasi didefinisikan dengan seksama sesuai dengan kebutuhan perpustakaan TBBS, dan menghitung anggaran dengan cermat sesuai dengan skala yang telah direncanakan. Perpustakaan TBBS akan dapat melayani para pemustaka dengan layanan prima dengan self service berbasis teknologi informasi
The Effect of Lecturers’ Job Satisfaction, Commitment, and Competence on Students’ Satisfaction
Authors: Tulasi Dominik
Published: June 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh komitmen, kompetensi dan kepuasan kerja Dosen terhadap kepuasan mahasiswa di Sekolah Bisnis Muhammadiyah Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei sebagai pendekatan kuantitatif untuk membuktikan teori-teori terkait pada hubungan kausal ini. Hubungan antara variabel independen dengan variabel dependen untuk memenuhi kebutuhan deduktif justifikasi empiris di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa komitmen, kompetensi dan kepuasan kerja Dosen merupakan faktor penentu kepuasan mahasiswa. Mahasiswa sebagai konsumen utama selama ini memandang proses belajar-mengajar sebagai nilai inti dan substansi mata kuliah. Artinya semua variabel independen berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan mahasiswa. Pada akhirnya, temuan ini akan berdampak pada calon calon mahasiswa.
Application Innovation of Educational Measurement Theory, Method, and Technology in China’s New College Entrance Examination Reform
Authors: Liang Zhengyan , Huang Feifei
Published: June 2023

China’s new college entrance examination (the new gaokao) reform provides an opportunity for researchers and practitioners of educational measurement to directly participate in the reform. Therefore, conducting in-depth research on the characteristics of the new gaokao and the issues it faces, and finding corresponding solutions theoretically, methodologically, and technically will not only help to deploy the education examination reform smoothly, but also expand and enrich the research and application of educational measurement. This article provides discussions and suggestions on some issues related to the new gaokao reform, including the stability issue of the examination brought by the scoring methods and subject selection, the equating issue of test scores due to biannual tests or cross-year comparisons, and the issue of giving feedback to basic education based on the analysis of the gaokao data.
An Intellectual History of Parametric Item Response Theory Models in the Twentieth Century
Authors: Thissen David , Steinberg Lynne
Published: June 2023

The intellectual history of parametric item response theory (IRT) models is traced from ideas that originated with E.L. Thorndike, L.L. Thurstone, and Percival Symonds in the early twentieth century. Gradual formulation as a set of latent vari- able models occurred, culminating in publications by Paul Lazarsfeld and Federic Lord around 1950. IRT remained the province of theoreticians without practical ap- plication until the 1970s, when advances in computational technology made possible data analysis using the models. About the same time, the original normal ogive and simple logistic models were augmented with more complex models for multiple- choice and polytomous items. During the final decades of the twentieth century, and continuing into the twenty-first, IRT has become the dominant basis for large-scale educational assessment.
The Augment Algorithm and its Role in Cognitive Diagnosis
Authors: Ding Shuliang , Luo Fen , Wang Wenyi , Xiong Jianhua
Published: June 2023

Both the augment algorithm and the reduction algorithm can be used to obtain non-zero knowledge states vector in testing. In particular, the augment algorithm based on the reachability matrix can imply the structure of the Q-matrix and its non-zero columns, thus proving the set of Q-matrix columns forms an algebraic structure (Lattice). Applying the augment algorithm based on the reachability matrix and the test Q-matrix, respectively, we can obtain the theoretical construct validity of the test Q-matrix (i.e., the degree of the test Q-matrix fitting the cognitive model) and use the results to evaluate test quality. We can also use the algorithm when constructing and evaluating cognitive models, as well as when developing cognitive diagnostic models. Moreover, the augment algorithm and its reverse algorithm (reduction algorithm) are suitable for analyzing and evaluating retrofitting data.
Five Trends That Are Reshaping the Course of American Higher Education
Authors: LIU OU LYDIA
Published: June 2023

The landscape of higher education has gone through substantial changes due to technological advancements, automation, and shifting learner demographics, further complicated by the pandemic situation. In this paper, I will discuss five trends in higher education: (a) the emergence of parallel tracks of education and training from both higher education institutions and corporates, (b) broader expansion of hybrid education and further separation of time and space in instruction, (c) polarized enrollment and retention between selective and non-selective institutions, (d) reckoning in admissions around equity and diversity, and (e) new paradigms of international education. The five trends will significantly impact how higher education might be evaluated, operated, and reformed.
How Do Educationally At-Risk Men and Women Differ in Their Essay-Writing Processes?
Authors: Bennett Randy , Sinharay Sandip
Published: June 2023

This study examined differences in the composition processes used by educationally at-risk males and females who wrote essays as part of a high-school equivalency examination. Over 30,000 individuals were assessed, each taking one of 12 forms of the examination’s language arts writing subtest in 23 US states. Writing processes were inferred using features extracted from keystroke logs and aggregated into seven composite indicators. Results showed that females earned higher essay and total language arts writing composite scores than did males, but only by trivial amounts. More pertinent was that, after controlling for language arts writing composite score, age, and essay prompt, all seven process indicators showed nontrivial, statistically significant differences, the most notable being for indicators related to fluency and different aspects of editing. The study’s findings are consistent in important ways with those from other investigations of school-age students and adults, and with results from both online and paper-based writing tasks. Implications are offered for conducting similar research for individuals composing in character-based languages like Chinese.
DECENTRALIZED INDUSTRY 5.0: BLOCKCHAIN’S CONTRIBUTION TO INDUSTRIAL SUSTAINABILITY, RESILIENCE, AND HUMAN-CENTRICITY
Authors: LAGE SERRANO OSCAR , SAIZ SANTOS MARIA , ZARZUELO JOSE MANUEL
Published: June 2023

The emerging concept of Industry 5.0 presents new challenges related to sustainability, resilience, and worker welfare in industrial companies; challenges that are vital for industrial and social development in the coming years. We believe that blockchain can help to face these challenges thanks to the trust and security it provides in complex ecosystems such as industrial supply chains. To verify this hypothesis, this paper performs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) based on two stages. A first stage focused on the analysis of publications related to blockchain and Industry 5.0. Being such a novel term and with limited literature, we complemented the analysis with a second stage in which we analyzed the benefits of blockchain on each of the three pillars of Industry 5.0: sustainability, resilience, and human-centricity. The results of the SLR confirm our initial hypothesis and provide details on how, and to what extent, blockchain can add value to each of the three challenges of Industry 5.0, empowering at least nine use cases that will contribute to those challenges.
Keywords: blockchain, industry 5.0, sustainability, resilience, human-centricity, human centric
Joubert Syndrome with Renal and Cerebral Manifestations: A Case Series of Three Siblings
Authors: Kumar Sushant , Bhat Ashok
Published: June 2023

Joubert syndrome is a rare genetic disorder. Marie Joubert made the first official diagnosis of the syndrome in 1969. It is characterised by aberrant neurodevelopment and a complex midbrain-hindbrain malformation which can be seen on the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) as molar tooth sign. The present case series reports three siblings from a consanguineous marriage. The first child had delayed developmental milestones, ataxia, mental retardation and presented with advanced renal failure and succumbed to uremic complications. The second and third siblings also had similar clinical findings and the diagnosis of Joubert syndrome was confirmed by the presence of molar tooth sign on MRI. The presence of renal failure in them was detected earlier than the first sibling with favourable outcome in both. The characteristic symptoms of Joubert syndrome include developmental delay, intellectual disability, ocular abnormalities, and lack of control over voluntary movements. Each sibling of an affected individual has a 25% chance of developing the disease, a 50% chance of being an asymptomatic carrier, and a 25% chance of being not affected and not being a carrier. Renal involvement occurs in approximately one third of patients. In the present case series, all the siblings were affected by the syndrome and developed renal failure which is extremely rare. Failure to evaluate the renal function in these patients can result in delayed presentation with adverse outcome as seen in the first sibling. The case series highlights the importance of considering this disorder in the differential diagnosis of chronic kidney disease, especially in cases with a family history and other suggestive symptoms and the need for early recognition and management of the disorder, as early intervention and supportive care can improve the patient’s quality of life and prognosis.
Gaussian-External Methodology Predicted Crystal Structures, Molecular Energetics, and Potential Energy Surface of the Crystalline Molecular Compass
Authors: Marahatta Anant Babu
Published: June 2023

Nanoscience, Nanotechnology, and Molecular machines have triggered the scientists of wide-ranging disciplines alike for decades now, offered the most innovative technologies to maneuver the nanoscale devices molecule by molecule. In this arena of the nano-metric world, the strategical laboratorial syntheses & computational designations of the prototype molecules/nanomaterials and the most probable techniques for their effective functionalization always stand as mandatory credentials. Among various types of functionalizing nanomaterials, the topologically closed Si and -(Si-O)x- based dipolar crystalline macrocyclic molecular compounds exhibiting macroscopic compass/gyroscope like functions at ambient temperatures have attracted the greatest admirations. In this outlook, the research works presented herewith by employing a Gaussian-external methodology for the quantum mechanical characterizations of the crystal structures, computations of the molecular energetics, and derivations of the rotational potential energy surface (PES) of the experimentally synthesized difluoro- /dichloro- phenylene encapsulated amphidynamic/non-amphidynamic crystalline ROT-2F/ROT-2Cl siloxaalkane macrocages can be taken as a stepping stone. Under the standardized interface of Gaussian, we ran SCC-DFTB scheme via the user's script as an external program, and accessed the PES scanning techniques of the former plus the "Dispersion Energy correction" features of the latter computationally. The results reported herein are mainly found to (a) validate the X-ray produced degenerate and non-degenerate crystal structures, (b) justify the experimentally observed structural deformations of the static siloxaalkane spokes, (c) quantize the free-volume units available around the rotator, (d) disclose the energy barrier Ea to be overcome by the rotator while exhibiting 1p-flipping motion, (e) foresee the structural requisites to be adopted for designing functional crystalline free-rotors, etc. It is believed that present theoretical study enlightens us about the most essential structural and dynamical features of the gyroscopic nanostructures & molecular compasses quantitatively.
Response of Fertilization of Nitrogen on Agronomical Attributes of Soybean
Authors: Naj Iram , Singh Nidhi , Patel Aaradhana , Maida Pankaj , Birla Jinendra
Published: June 2023

Soybean also known golden bean is a dual purpose crop grown to meet the requirement of both high protein and oil content. Fertilizers are one of the important components of farming system due to their requirement to provide essential nutrients to crop. The current research work was done to study the effect of the different rates of nitrogen fertilization on the growth and yield of soybean were studied. Field experiments were conducted at Instructional Research Farm, Krishi Nagar, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India during kharif season in the month of July to October in the year 2019‒2020. This research has been conducted in order to examine the beneficial effects of additional application of nitrogen at grain development stage on yield attributes and yield of soybean. The experimental material was early maturing variety of soybean JS 20-34. Treatments were given in 12 combinations in the split plot design. Plant samples were collected at R1 and R3 for dry matter yield and nitrogen determination. Grain yields were determined and grain samples were collected at harvest. A positive grain yield in response to nitrogen fertilizer was observed in different treatments. These imply that additional nitrogen applications are important for getting higher yields. In the current research we came to the conclusion that additional nitrogen fertilizer application to soybean crop has positive impact on several agronomical attributes of the crop.
CSR for National Growth and Global Stability within the Era of Dual-carbon
Authors: Sun Xiaojun , Qiao Jing , Yen Tsaifa (TF)
Published: June 2023

At present, the construction of ecological civilization has entered the development strategy of peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality, which has promoted the overall green transformation of economy and society. Considering the fact that the existing literature seldom studies the fulfillment of corporate social responsibility (CSR) by each subject in logistics operation under the background of "double carbon", this paper systematically analyzes the conflicts among upstream enterprises, downstream enterprises and multiple government subjects in supply chain in fulfilling CSR in logistics operation by using F-H method. The results show that, in theory, the conflict problem can get four globally stable outcomes. Combined with the differences of national policies in practice and the different value propositions of each subject in logistics operation, the global stability outcomes chosen by upstream and downstream enterprises and the government will be different. According to the current "double carbon" goal, the common stability outcomes of all parties to the conflict are further analyzed. The results show that the parties to the conflict are most likely to choose the overall stable outcome: the upstream and downstream enterprises in the supply chain fulfill corporate social responsibility (CSR), and the government subsidizes the enterprises. Based on this, some suggestions are put forward for the development of logistics enterprises.
Environmental Sustainability and Food Security of Traditional Agricultural Practices in India: A Review
Authors: Saikanth D. R. K. , Gupta Khushboo , Srivastava Priya , Saryam Manoher , Rani K. Sudha , Jena Pooja , Rout Sandeep
Published: June 2023

This synthesis consolidates current research on sustainable agriculture and its pivotal role in enhancing food security, conserving biodiversity, and mitigating climate change. Sourced from a wide array of references, it accentuates exercises such as organic farming, agroforestry, and diversified farming systems as cornerstone approaches, sustainable agriculture. The potential of these practices is also explored, highlighting the carbon sequestration capacity of agroforestry systems, the environmental advantages of organic farming over conventional methods, and the implications of diversified farming systems on food security. However, sustainable agriculture still confronts numerous challenges, especially regarding the environmental repercussions of pesticide use and the barriers hindering the adoption of sustainable farming practices. The substantial role of traditional agricultural practices, which often reflect fundamentals of sustainability and resource preservation, is also underscored. The transformative impact of integrated aquaculture-agriculture systems on small-scale farms in Southern and Southeastern Asia is with Farmer Field School experiences worldwide. Critically, the synthesis acknowledges the daunting task of feeding a burgeoning global population and the environmental ramifications of land utilization. Synthesis concludes by asserting that future research and policy must perpetually focus on these issues, aiming to generate innovative strategies for sustainable agriculture and to bolster the resilience of farming systems in the face of climate change.
Effect of Organic Manure and Inorganic Fertilizer on Growth and Root Yield of Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.)
Authors: Hussain Shahil , Kerketta Anita
Published: June 2023

Beetroot cultivation is benefited from the use of both organic and inorganic fertilizers. Organic fertilizers such as compost or manure improve soil fertility, enhance nutrient availability, and promote microbial activity. Inorganic fertilizers provide precise nutrient ratios and are readily available for immediate plant uptake. Combining organic and inorganic fertilizers ensures a balanced nutrient supply, promoting healthy growth, improved yield, and nutrient-rich beetroot production. The present investigation was carried out at Horticultural Research Farm (HRF), Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh during the Rabi-2022 with a view to identify the best treatment combination that performed in the Prayagraj region. The treatments comprised of T1 (Recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF)), T2 (75% (RDF) +25% (FYM)), T3 (75% (RDF) +25% (Vermicompost)), T4 (75% (RDF) +25% (Poultry Manure)), T5 (50% (RDF) + 50% (FYM)), T6 (50%(RDF) +50% (Vermicompost)), T7 (50%(RDF) +50% (Poultry Manure)), T8 (25% (RDF) + 75% (FYM)), T9 (25% (RDF) +75% (Vermicompost)), T10 (25% (RDF) +75% (Poultry Manure)), T11 (75% (RDF) + 12.5% (Poultry Manure) + 12.5% (Vermicompost)), T12 (50% (RDF) +25% (FYM) +25 % (Poultry Manure)) and T13 (25% (RDF)+ 50% (FYM)+ 25% (Vermicompost)). From the above experimental finding it is concluded that the treatment T11 (75% (RDF) + 12.5% (Poultry Manure) + 12.5% (Vermicompost)) was found to be best in the terms of growth and yield among different treatment combinations of Beet root.
Influence of Vermicompost and Foliar Applications on Growth, Physiological and Yield Parameters of Irrigated Blackgram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper)
Authors: Sancho A. Nitin Rex , Alagappan S. , Manuel R. Issac , Hena J. Vimalin
Published: June 2023

Field experiments were conducted at the South farm in Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Division of Agronomy, Coimbatore, during the Rabi season of 2022. The experimental site is situated in the western agro-climatic zone of Tamil Nadu, at a latitude of 10°56'N and longitude of 76°44'E, with an elevation of 474 meters above mean sea level. The soil composition of the experimental field was identified as clay loam, moderately drained, and exhibited low availability of nitrogen (202 kg/ha), high availability of phosphorus (12.3 kg/ha), medium availability of potassium (415 kg/ha), and organic carbon content of 0.51%. The experiment followed a randomized block design (RBD) with 10 treatment groups, each replicated three times viz.,T1 - Control, T2 - Vermicompost 100% (on N Equivalent basis)+ Cowdung slurry, T3 -Vermicompost100% (on N Equivalent basis)+TNAU Biomineralizer,T4 -Vermicompost100% (on N Equivalent basis) + (Effective microorganism),T5 - Vermicompost 100% (on N Equivalent basis) + Pleurotus sp + Urea, T6- Vermicompost (50%) +RDF (50%) + Cowdung slurry, T7- Vermicompost (50%) +RDF (50%) + TNAU Biomineralizer, T8 -Vermicompost (50%) + RDF (50%) + EM (Effective Microorganism),T9 -Vermicompost (50%) + RDF (50%) + Pleurotus sp ,T10 - RDF alone. The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of vermicompost and other foliar applications on the growth, physiological characteristics, and yield parameters of an irrigated Black gram (VBN8 variety). The promotion of yield can be attributed to the increased vegetative growth and the balanced carbon-to-nitrogen (C: N) ratio, which likely stimulated the synthesis of carbohydrates. This, in turn, facilitated the overall improvement in seed yield. The application of RDF played a significant role in enhancing growth, leading to various positive changes in yield-related characteristics. Ultimately, the increased seed yield observed can be largely attributed to the improved plant growth and subsequent positive effects on yield-related attributes resulting from the RDF application. Thus, From this Experiment it was Concluded that the RDF (T10) Shows a highest range in growth, physiological and yield parameters of irrigated Blackgram due.
Response of Inorganic Fertilizers and Vermicompost on Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) Inoculated with Azotobacter, var. DHM-1
Authors: Meena Sanjay Kumar , Bharose Ram , David Arun Alfred , Thomas Tarence , Kumar Anil
Published: June 2023

The field experiment was carried out at central research farm of Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj during Kharif season year 2022-2023. The experiment was comprised of 9 treatments with 3 level of NPK and Vermicompost in randomized block design. The treatment T9 has shown the significant results when applied 100% of NPK with Vermicompost among the different levels of treatment combination. Growth parameters viz., plant height (171.10 cm), number of leaves plant-1 (14.65) at 90 DAS (day after sowing), and yield parameters viz., length of cob (24.73 cm), number of grains cob-1 (308), test weight (218.46 g), grain yield (46 q ha-1) has shown best in treatment T9 (NPK @ 100% + Vermicompost @ 100%) of maize (Zea Mays L.) in comparison to other treatment combination.
Assessment of Physico-chemical Properties of Soil from Different Blocks of West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Alekhya Chennuri , Swaroop Narendra , Thomas Tarence , Singh Anurag Kumar , Naga Indar Raj
Published: June 2023

The study of nutrient status in West Godavari District of Andhra Pradesh was carried out in 2022-2023. Representative soil samples were collected covering three mandalas of West Godavari division before sowing of crop. The soil samples were analysed for their Physico-chemical Properties. The samples were taken from different blocks and depths like 0-15cm,15-30cm and 30-45cm. There are many reasons leading to soil quality deterioration, including changes in land use types from forest to arable land and the consequences from intensive land use. The colour of soil changes between the three depths at all the locations. There was also a difference   in colour of dry and wet soils was dark brown to dark yellowish brown. Results show that soil Bulk Density varied from 1.31 to 1.48 % Mg m-3, soil Particle Density varied from 2.44 to 2.57 % Mg m-3, Percent of Pore Space from 43.09 to 48.21 %, Water Holding Capacity from 35.73 to 44.24 % respectively. Soil pH varied from 77.25 to 8.92 % and EC is 0.18 to 0.37 % respectively while soil Organic Carbon varied from 0.28to 0.55 % and Available Nitrogen varied from low to medium i.e., 216 to 323 % kg ha-1 Available Phosphorous varied from medium to high range i.e., 14.05 to 25.71 % kg ha-1. and Available Potassium was found to be medium range i.e.,137.00 to 236.00 % kg ha⁻1, Exchangeable Calcium and Magnesium low from 3.34 to 5.66 % (meq 100g-1) and 1.36 to 2.74 % (meq 100g-1) respectively. Results show that the soil samples of the areas of Eluru division were found to be mildly alkaline and non-saline.
Optimization of Machine and Operational Parameters in the Development of Stubble Manager cum Crop Planter
Authors: Kumar D. Vijay , Ramana C. , Reddy K. V. S. Rami , Kaleemullah S. , Reddy B. Ravindra
Published: June 2023

Aims: Optimization of machine parameters (type of flail blade and number of strip-till blades per flange) and operational parameters (rotor shaft speed and forward speed) for the development of stubble manager cum crop planter for conservation agriculture.

Study Design:  Split plot (3 factors); Type of flail blade/number of strip-till blades per flange as main plot and rotor shaft speed and forward speed as sub plots.

Place and Duration of Study: Dr. NTR College of Agricultural Engineering, Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh, India. Duration of the study was from August 2020 to July 2022 (24 moths).

Methodology: Developed stubble manager cum crop planter as a solution for seeding of rice fallow pulse crops under combine harvested paddy field condition. This machine consists of two consists of stubble managing unit for mulching and strip tillage operations at a time and crop planting unit for placing pulse crop seed in furrow strips opened by stubble managing unit. The stubble managing unit was optimized for mulching parameters (shredding efficiency and paddy residue size reduction) and strip tillage parameters (furrow cross sectional area, furrow backfill and mass median diameter of soil clods) through field evaluation under combine harvested paddy field condition.

Results: Interactions between machine and operational parameters were not significant on shredding efficiency. Highest paddy residue size reduction (77.33 %) up to 10 cm was observed with Y-type flail blade at rotor shaft and forward speeds 1650 rpm and 2.5 km h-1. Lowest furrow cross sectional area (20.93 cm2) and highest furrow soil backfill (23.24 %) were obtained with two numbers of strip-till blades per flange at rotor shaft and forward speed 1350 rpm and 2.0 km h-1 respectively. Interactions between machine and operational parameters were not significant on mass median diameter of soil clods.

Conclusion: Optimized parameters for the stubble managing unit of the proposed machine were Y-type flail blade, 2-numbers of strip-till blades per flange, rotor shaft speed 1500 rpm and forward speed 2.0 km h-1.
Vulnerabilities of \(ex^2\) - \(y^2\)\(\phi\) (N)= z Using Modulus of the Form N= \(p^r\)\(q^s\)
Authors: Shehu Sadiq , Ibrahim Buhari Auwalu , Ibrahim Aminu A. , Rufai Ahmad
Published: June 2023

The technical details of RSA works on the idea that it is easy to generate the modulus by multiplying two sufficiently large prime numbers together, but factorizing that number back into the original prime numbers is extremely difficult. Suppose that \(N=p^r q^s\) are RSA modulus, where \(p\) and \(q\) are product of two large unknown of unbalance primes for \(2 \leq s<r\). The paper proves that using an approximation of \(\phi(N) \approx\) \(N-N^{\frac{r+8-1}{2 r}}\left(\lambda^{\frac{1-8}{2 r}}+\lambda^{\frac{-8}{2 r}}\right)+N^{\frac{r+8-2}{2 T}} \lambda^{\frac{1-8}{2 r}}\), private keys \(\frac{x^2}{y^2}\) can be found from the convergents of the continued fractions expansion of\[\left|\frac{e}{N-N^{\frac{r+8-1}{2 r}}\left(\lambda^{\frac{1-8}{2 r}}+\lambda^{\frac{-8}{2 r}}\right)+N^{\frac{r+8-2}{2 r}} \lambda^{\frac{1-8}{2 r}}}-\frac{y^2}{x^2}\right|<\frac{1}{2 x^4}\]
which leads to the factorization of the moduli \(N=p^r q^s\) into unbalance prime factors p and q in polynomial time. The second part of this reseach report further, how to generalized two system of equations of the form \(e_ux^2\) - \(y^2_u\phi(N_u)\) = \(z_u\) and \(e_ux^2_u\) - \(y^2\phi(N_u)\) = \(z_u\) using simultaneous Diophantine approximation method and LLL algorithm to and the values of the unknown integers \(x,y_u\),\(\phi(N_u)\) and \(x_u\),y,\(\phi(N_u)\) respectively, which yeild to successful factorization of k moduli \(N_u=p^r_uq^s_u\) for u = 1,2, ... k in polynomial time.
Nomogram to predict unfavorable outcome of endovascular thrombectomy for large ischemic core
Authors: Han Nannan , Zhang Xiaobo , Zhang Yu , Liu Yu , Zhang Yongqin , Ma Haojun , Ge Hanming , Li Shilin , Zhang Xiao , Yan Xudong , Li Tengfei , Gao Bin , Du Chengxue , Ji Xinchao , Shi Wenzhen , Tian Ye , Chang Mingze
Published: June 2023

Objective

The prognosis for patients presenting with a large ischemic core (LIC) following endovascular thrombectomy is relatively poor. This study aimed to construct and validate a nomogram for predicting 3‐month unfavorable outcome in patients with anterior circulation occlusion‐related LIC who underwent endovascular thrombectomy.

Methods

A retrospective training cohort and a prospective validation cohort of patients with a large ischemic core were studied. The diffusion weighted imaging related radiomic features and pre‐thrombectomy clinical features were collected. After the selection of relevant features, a nomogram predicting modified Rankin Scale score of 3–6 as an unfavorable outcome was established. The discriminatory value of the nomogram was evaluated with a receiver operating characteristic curve.

Results

A total of 140 patients (mean age 66.3 ± 13.4 years, 35% female) were included in this study, consisting of a training cohort (n = 95) and a validation cohort (n = 45). The percentage of patients with an mRS scores of 0–2 was 30%, 0–3 was 40.7%, and 32.9% were dead. Age, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, and two radiomic features, Maximum2DDiameterColumn and Maximum2DDiameterSlice, were identified as factors associated with unfavorable outcome in the nomogram. The nomogram demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.892 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.812–0.947) in the training dataset and 0.872 (95% CI, 0.739–0.953) in the validation dataset.

Interpretation

This nomogram, which includes age, NIHSS score, Maximum2DDiameterColumn, and Maximum2DDiameterSlice, may predict the risk of unfavorable outcome in patients with LIC caused by anterior circulation occlusion.
“Workman made noise in my room. Me kept my hands on my ears!” A diary study of spontaneous memories in 34‐ to 36‐month‐old children
Authors: Hjuler Tirill Fjellhaugen , Sonne Trine , Kingo Osman S. , Berntsen Dorthe , Krøjgaard Peter
Published: June 2023

Memories of past events often come to mind spontaneously, that is, without any preceding goal‐directed search process. Such memories (termed ‘involuntary’ in the adult literature) have been studied extensively in adults. However, little is known about how spontaneous recollections may appear in children's everyday lives. To date, only a single diary study has been conducted. We examined three‐year‐olds' (N = 51) spontaneous memories by means of parental reports in a diary study during a 2‐week period. Specifically, we investigated (a) cues triggering spontaneous recall, (b) the emotions associated, and (c) potential dominance of recent events in the memories recalled. The results revealed that the most prominent cues triggering spontaneous recall were ‘objects’ (32%) and ‘something said’ (30.3%). The valence of the memories was primarily positive, and the age of the memories displayed a clear forgetting curve. Overall, the findings largely replicate the memory constraints identified in adults' involuntary recollections.
Boosting Sensitivity and Reliability in Field‐Effect Transistor‐Based Biosensors with Nanoporous MoS2Encapsulated by Non‐Planar Al2O3
Authors: Sen Anamika , Shim Junoh , Bala Arindam , Park Heekyeong , Kim Sunkook
Published: June 2023

Field‐effect transistors‐based biosensors (bio‐FETs) have been considered an important technology for label‐free and ultrasensitive point‐of‐care diagnostics. However, practical applications using bio‐FETs are limited due to the trade‐off between sensing reliability and sensitivity. This study suggests a reliable and sensitive bio‐FETs based on nanoporous molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) channels encapsulated by a non‐planar high‐k aluminum oxide (Al2O3) dielectric layer. Nanoporous MoS2 thin film is fabricated with an abundant edge area and periodically ordered nanopores via block copolymer lithography. The ultra‐thin Al2O3 dielectric layer deposited along the nanoporous structure of the MoS2 realizes effective electrostatic control of charged biomolecules over the MoS2 channel. In addition, it plays important roles in not only enhancing the electrical performance of the nanoporous MoS2 bio‐FETs, that is, mobility, hysteresis, and subthreshold swing, but also achieving effective biomolecular immobilization on the device surface. The nanoporous MoS2 channel structure surrounded by non‐planar Al2O3 detects a prostate cancer biomarker with an ultra‐low limit of detection of 1 fg mL−1. Moreover, the excellent selectivity, high sensitivity, and clinical reliability of the nanoporous MoS2 bio‐FETs are also confirmed. The proposed device platform provides new insights and technical advances in the field of FETs based sensors for future point‐of‐care devices.
Boosting Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Formate over Oxygen Vacancy Stabilized Copper–Tin Dual Single Atoms Catalysts
Authors: Wang Haihua , Wen Ning , Wang Yuqing , Jiao Xiuling , Xia Yuguo , Chen Dairong
Published: June 2023

Designing reasonable atomic structures is essential in modulating the selectivity of the valuable products produced in the electrochemical CO2 reduction. Herein, a CuSn diatomic sites electrocatalyst stabilized by double oxygen vacancies on CeO2‐x is constructed, which exhibits superior electrochemical selectivity toward formate, achieving a 90.0% Faradaic efficiency at formate partial current density of 216.8 mA cm−2 with the applied bias of −1.2 V versus REH. The experimental characterizations and theoretical calculations highlight the significance of the synergistic effect of Cu and Sn diatoms on reducing the activation energy and promoting the formation of intermediate *OCHO, which accounts for its high selectivity toward formate. Meanwhile, the oxygen vacancies on the CeO2‐x also play a pivotal role in manipulating the electrochemical performance and stability, which underlines the importance of regulating the electronic metal‐support interaction between CuSn diatoms and CeO2‐x. This work demonstrates an effective method to design efficient electrochemical CO2 reduction catalysts by modulating the surface structures of single‐atoms anchored support.
Photogenerated Defect‐Transit Dual S‐Scheme Charge Separation for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Production
Authors: Luan Xue , Yu Ziqi , Zi Jiangzhi , Gao Fangfang , Lian Zichao
Published: June 2023

The rational design of a step‐scheme (S‐scheme) heterojunctions in hybrid semiconductors by avoiding unwanted charge transport paths is considered as an attractive way to achieve high photocatalytic activity in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Here, a dual S‐scheme heterojunction formed in the lychee‐shaped W18O49/CdWO4/CdS nanostructures is proposed for improving the photocatalytic performance in HER under visible light irradiation. The remarkable activity in photocatalytic HER of W18O49/CdWO4/CdS is attributed to the unique structure and effective charge separation by the photoinduced defect‐transit dual S‐scheme mechanism and strong internal electric field. The measurements of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), femtosecond transient absorption (fs‐TA) spectroscopy, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) further confirm the photoinduced carrier transfer pathways following the dual S‐scheme mechanism. This research can provide a new strategy for designing the dual S‐scheme heterojunctions to improve photocatalytic performance through the defect band structure engineering.
Interface Engineering of Copper Nanocluster Assemblies with White‐Light Emission
Authors: Wang Zhong‐Xia , Gao Hang , Li Xiao‐Qiong , Jia Yi‐Lei , Wang Ting , Cheng Qiu‐Yue , Kang Bin , Chen Hong‐Yuan , Xu Jing‐Juan
Published: June 2023

Construction of white‐light emitters is of great importance in practical applications but is challenging for metal nanoclusters. Herein, arginine (Arg)‐mediated copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs) assemblies with white‐light emission (WLE) are reported for the first time. The multidentate ligand, Arg, not only effectively tailors the high stability and locally‐excited emission (LES) of aqueous phase Cu NCs, but also bridges 1‐naphthalenol methylcarbamate (NMC) to generate a blue emitter via through‐space interactions (TSIs), resulting in a stable mixed light. Density functional theory calculation and mass spectrum further confirm that Arg can allow for the formation of strong hydrogen‐bonds with the ligand 2,4‐diaminotoluene of Cu NCs, and formation of TSIs‐based complexes with NMC. More importantly, pure white‐light emission (WLE) with Commission Internationale de L’Eclairagecoordination (0.30, 0.31) is observed by regulating the ratio between Arg and the interfacial ligand of NMC. The findings not only provide a new perspective for the construction of WLE emitters via interface modification chemistry but also open a window to gain insight into the mechanism of interface engineering.
Mucosa‐Mimetic Materials for the Study of Intestinal Homeostasis and Disease
Authors: Donahue Rebecca , Sahoo Jugal Kishore , Rudolph Sara , Chen Ying , Kaplan David L.
Published: June 2023

Mucus is a viscoelastic hydrogel that lines and protects the epithelial surfaces of the body that houses commensal microbiota and functions in host defense against pathogen invasion. As a first‐line physical and biochemical barrier, intestinal mucus is involved in immune surveillance and spatial organization of the microbiome, while dysfunction of the gut mucus barrier is implicated in several diseases. Mucus can be collected from a variety of mammalian sources for study, however, established methods are challenging in terms of scale and efficiency, as well as with regard to rheological similarity to native human mucus. Therefore, there is a need for mucus‐mimetic hydrogels that more accurately reflect the physical and chemical profile of the in vivo human epithelial environment to enable the investigation of the role of mucus in human disease and interactions with the intestinal microbiome. This review will evaluate the material properties of synthetic mucus mimics to date designed to address the above need, with a focus toward an improved understanding of the biochemical and immunological functions of these biopolymers related to utility for research and therapeutic applications.