bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La educación del wreader en The Victorian Web: lecturas dinámicas, comentarios argumentativos, curaduría infinita
Authors: Caro Valverde María Teresa , De Amo Sánchez Fortún José Manuel , Landow George P.
Published: April 2023

This multiple case study has investigated the hypertextual and argumentative competences of eleven groups of students from the Primary Education Degree in a process of dynamic intertextual reading and writing of critical curatorial and recurring comments on blogs based on lexias from the academic site The Victorian Web, whose careful network in heteroglossic semiosis favors the construct wreader (epistemic reader-writer) in the cognitive mediation of the commentator. The methodical design of the sequential analysis of the process has involved microethnographic observation whose results appear in a flowchart of the collaborative task. The analysis of the corpus of curatorships in hyperlinked constellations and hypertextual-argumentative qualities incorporates specific matrices on lexias, coherence, multimodality, prototypes and strategies, whose data discussed have allowed elucidating in half of the cases the survival of logocentric habits of atomized reading and writing. reproductive knowledge that his comments have failed as dissertations according to arguments of authority and in the other half the initiation in abductive hypotheses by analogical coherence of the writer as an efficient cause to give plausible meaning to his critical comments. Paraphrastic comments prevail in recurrences without intertextuality. Therefore, the conclusions indicate epistemic training strategies of infinite healing.

Este estudio de caso múltiple ha investigado las competencias hipertextual y argumentativa de once grupos discentes de Grado en Educación Primaria en un proceso de lectura dinámica intertextual y de escritura de comentarios críticos curadores y recuradores en blog a partir de lexias del sitio académico The Victorian Web, cuya red esmerada en semiosis heteroglósica favorece el constructo wreader (lector-escritor epistémico) en la mediación cognitiva del comentarista. El diseño metódico del análisis secuencial del proceso ha implicado observación microetnográfica cuyos resultados constan en un flujograma de la tarea colaborativa. El análisis del corpus de curadurías en constelaciones hipervinculadas y  cualidades hipertextuales-argumentativas incorpora matrices especificativas sobre lexias, coherencia, multimodalidad, prototipos y estrategias, cuyos datos discutidos han permitido dilucidar en la mitad de casos la pervivencia de hábitos logocéntricos de lectura atomizada y de escritura reproductiva de conocimiento que han malogrado sus comentarios como disertaciones según argumentos de autoridad y en la otra mitad la iniciación en hipótesis abductivas por coherencia analógica del wreader como causa eficiente para dar sentido plausible a sus comentarios críticos. En las recuraciones imperan comentarios parafrásticos sin intertextualidad. Por ello, las conclusiones indican estrategias formativas epistémicas de curación infinita.
INDUSTRY 5.0 VALUES. A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE NEW INDUSTRIAL PARADIGM FROM THE SOCIAL APPROACH
Authors: Agote Garrido Alejandro , MARTÍN GÓMEZ ALEJANDRO MANUEL , LAMA RUIZ JUAN RAMON
Published: April 2023

Over the years, different technological breakthrough such as electricity or automation have marked a before and after in the industry, giving rise to the various industrial revolutions. Studies on technological implementation within Industry 4.0 reflect how the development of increasingly advanced and innovative technologies is generating new ethical challenges in industrial environments.
Know the origin and give answers to the effects of these challenges is an incentive for the European Commission in presenting a new industry model. This new model, called Industry 5.0, arises to promote principles of social justice and sustainability. It provides a change of focus to serve humanity in the long term, take care of the environment and guarantee the business structure.
In this paper, a bibliometric analysis of the Industry 5.0 concept is carried out in order to present its main characteristics and learn about the different lines of research that are guiding its development. In addition, it delves into their main objectives and how they seek to be satisfied by including a series of values. After the analysis, a non-exhaustive list of values is presented to show in detail the change of approach, as well as the benefits for the interested parties.
Finally, a series of conclusions about the concept of Industry 5.0 is obtained. These conclusions, because of the established search criteria, delve into the expected role of the human factor within the new industrial paradigm. A proposal of possible future lines of research is resented in the search to lay the foundations of the new industry model.
Keywords: Industry 5.0, Society 5.0, Social-smart Environment, Ethics, Values, Human factor, Industrial Safety, Value Sensitive Design.
Probe: The Message(s) are now the Media: A 2030 Outlook on McLuhan
Authors: Guarino Frédéric
Published: April 2023

Marshall McLuhan’s seminal “the medium is the message” one-liner, title to Chapter 1 of his 1964 book Understanding Media is a formidable sum up of mid 20th Century media analysis. With a remarkable economy of semantics, McLuhan posited that the powers inherent to radio and television were so immense that the technology itself needed to be the focus. McLuhan’s insight is worth revisiting with an updated frame of reference towards 2030, given our current fragmented media landscape. Finite analog broadcast networks who wielded immense powers have now been replaced by an abundant digital emporium, itself ruled by oligopolistic technology platforms.
Lubmen- ja mannenpráksisat Porsáŋggus – mo mearrasámi guovllu olbmot dádjadit iežaset birrasiin
Authors: Nilsen Steinar , Joks Solveig , Andersen Svanhild
Published: April 2023

Luome- ja mannečoaggin Sámi mearraguovlluin lea leamaš áiggiid čađa dehálaš birgejupmi, nugo ollu eará sajiin ge. Olbmot leat maid vuovdán luopmániid, ja nu leat beassan oastit eará dárbbašlaš biepmuid ja biergasiid dállui. Dál ii leat ruđa dáfus šat seamma mearkkašupmi lubmemis, muhto lea dattetge máŋgasiidda árvvus adnojuvvon práksis mii bisuha árbevieruid ja árvvuid. Dán artihkkalis mii jearrat mo árbevirolaš máhtut ja árvvut bohtet ovdan manne- ja luomečoagginpráksisiin mearrasámi guovllus Porsáŋggus. Dasa lassin mii jearrat mo dát práksisat leat láidesteaddjin olbmuide dádjadit luomemehciin ja mannesulluin. Dieđut gažaldagaide leat čohkkejuvvon jearahallamiid ja čálliid oassálastima bokte luome- ja mannečoaggimis. Báikki olbmot čuvvot mielde mii sin birrasis dáhpáhuvvá, ja mo sii vásihit rievdamiid ja rievdadusaid jagis jahkái. Lunddolaš rievdamat leat heajos jagit, garra biekkat, goikkádagat dahje arvvit. Sivvan eará rievdadusaide sáhttá leat váilevaš hálddašeapmi dahje ahte hálddašeapmi ii leat lihkostuvvan. Luome- ja mannečoakkedettiin sii ovdanbuktet árvvuid ja máhtuid, ja seammás gozihit iežaset guovlluid.
Taxonomical and functional analyses of epifaunal polychaetes associated with Mussismilia spp.: the effects of coral growth morphology
Authors: Nogueira Marcos , Magalhães Wagner , Mariano-Neto Eduardo , Neves Elizabeth , Johnsson Rodrigo
Published: April 2023

Background

The increasing habitat heterogeneity and complexity shows positive effects over different communities, leading to environmental diversity, access to resources and reducing the effectiveness of predation. In the present study we evaluate the structural and functional patterns of polychaete assemblages of three Mussismilia species with different coral morphology. Mussismilia hispida has a massive growth pattern; M. braziliensis also is a massive coral but forms a crevice in the corallum base; and M. harttii has a meandroid pattern.

Methods

Ten individuals of the three Mussismilia species were sampled in two reefs in the Todos-os-Santos Bay, and we analyzed the differences in richness and abundance of polychaete species and the functional diversity metrics: Rao’s quadratic entropy, functional dispersion, functional evenness, number of functional groups and functional richness, among Mussismilia species.

Results

Two-way ANOVA with permutations showed significant differences for polychaete abundances and richness among Mussismilia species (higher values for M. harttii), but no differences were recorded when compared between the two coral reef areas studied. There was no statistical difference among coral species or between reefs in relation to the functional diversity components influenced by abundance, such as Rao quadratic entropy, functional dispersion, and functional evenness. Some individual polychaete functional traits presented differences among Mussismilia species, and that also helped us to build a picture about the effect of different growth structures over functional aspects of polychaete assemblages. Thus, the taxonomical approach, the analysis of individual functional traits and the functional diversity metrics are fundamental tools to characterize the assemblage of organisms associated with corals.
DIMENSÃO AFETIVA NO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS
Authors: Rosa Cleci Teresinha Werner da , Pacheco Julia Nunes , Darroz Luiz Marcelo
Published: April 2023

O estudo refere-se a uma análise em artigos estrangeiros que abordam a temática da dimensão afetiva no campo da Educação em Ciências. O objetivo está em visualizar o cenário dessas pesquisas produzidas nos últimos cinco anos, de modo e identificar as características dessa produção. Para tanto, desenvolve-se uma pesquisa do tipo “estado do conhecimento”, tomando-se como locus o banco de dados da Web of Science. Nessa busca e após estabelecidos os critérios de seleção, obteve-se 27 artigos que foram analisados a partir da distribuição geográfica, periódico de publicação, nível de ensino e presença dos construtos relacionados a dimensão afetiva. Como resultado aponta-se que: o continente asiático apresenta o maior número de estudo; o International Journal of Science Education é o periódico com maior número de publicações; o Ensino Médio é que tem despertado maior interesse dos pesquisadores; e, os construtos atitude, autoestima e motivação são os mais presentes.
A RESOLUÇÃO DE PROBLEMAS NO CURRÍCULO PAULISTA
Authors: Carreta Cecy Leite Alves , Allevato Norma Suely Gomes
Published: April 2023

O Currículo Paulista, em vigor desde 2019, define e explica aos profissionais estaduais da educação as competências e habilidades consideradas primordiais para o desenvolvimento cognitivo, social e emocional dos alunos da rede estadual. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar como se apresenta, nesse currículo, a abordagem da Resolução de Problemas - RP no âmbito do ensino de Matemática para os Anos Finais do Ensino Fundamental. Teoricamente, tem como ponto central a própria RP, com ênfase nas concepções: ensino sobre resolução de problemas; ensino de Matemática para a resolução de problemas; e ensino de Matemática através da resolução de problemas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, que utilizou a Análise Textual Discursiva para exploração e interpretação dos dados. Constatamos que o Currículo Paulista dedica uma seção para definir a RP apontando para a concepção do ensino de Matemática através da RP, destacando a construção do conhecimento matemático, tendo o problema como ponto de partida, valorizando o trabalho colaborativo e a promoção do pensamento crítico. Por fim, explicitamos duas vertentes sob as quais a RP se apresenta no documento: aspectos associados a resolução de problemas como estratégia de ensino; e aspectos que envolvem a ação de resolver problemas.
ESTUDANDO A RELATIVIDADE RESTRITA EM VERSOS DE CORDEL E HISTÓRIA EM QUADRINHOS, COM UMA SEQUÊNCIA DE ENSINO À LUZ DA NEUROCIÊNCIA EDUCACIONAL
Authors: Januário Maria Derlandia de Araújo , Nobre Francisco Augusto Silva
Published: April 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar os resultados da aplicação de um produto educacional composto por um folheto de cordel intitulado “Uma Viagem Arretada Para Uma Tá de Relatividade”, em formato de história em quadrinhos e uma sequência de ensino desenvolvida à luz da neurociência educacional, para o estudo da Relatividade Restrita com uma turma do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola de Juazeiro do Norte. Evidenciaremos o papel da neurociência educacional na aprendizagem, aliada aos estímulos e emoções provocadas pela declamação das rimas dos folhetos de cordel, o enredo e os traços da história em quadrinhos. A sequência de ensino contém cinco etapas fundamentadas nas contribuições teóricas de Mora (2004;2017); Cosenza e Guerra (2011), que trazem para a sala de aula o conhecimento sobre as emoções, a atenção, memórias, motivação e neuroaquitetura. Através desta experiência foi possível oferecermos aulas dinâmicas, despertarmos a curiosidade e criatividade dos estudantes.
Monkeypox Detection Using Transfer Learning, ResNet50, Alex Net, ResNet18 & Custom CNN Model
Authors: Naveen Chinta Venkata , Abhiram Gangishetti , Aneesh V. , Kakulapati V. , Kumar Kranthi
Published: April 2023

The latest monkeypox flare-up has arisen as a general well-being worry because of the fast spread to more than 40 countries that are not situated in Africa. Because of likenesses with chickenpox and measles, the early clinical ID of monkeypox can challenge. PC helped recognition of monkeypox sores might be valuable for checking and fast recognizable proof of thought situations when corroborative Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) tests are inaccessible. At the point when there are sufficient preparation models, profound learning strategies have been demonstrated to be helpful for naturally distinguishing skin injuries. Four pre-prepared Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models are utilized to assess the exhibition of the transfer learning strategy: ResNet50, AlexNet,  and ResNet18 An unrivaled association considering the merging of ResNet18 and Google Net is similarly suggested. The recommended network can accomplish 91.57% exactness, 85.69% awareness, particularity and accuracy, individually. The proposed strategy outflanks every individual CNN for monkeypox identification.
Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Health Care Workers: A Case Study of Mogadishu City, Somalia
Authors: Mohamed Sadia Ahmed , Odongo Alfred Owino , Kariuki John Gachuki
Published: April 2023

Aims: Covid-19 disrupted the Health Care system and operations globally between 2020 and 2021 through exponential infections, disease and adverse negative economic impact as a result of the virus. Due to the high risk of infection, health care workers are a high priority target group for vaccination against COVID-19. The objective of current study was to assess the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake among health care workers in Mogadishu, Somalia. The study sought to establish the proportion of vaccinated healthcare workers, determine the socio-demographic and healthcare system factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake among health care workers in Mogadishu, Somalia.

Methodology: Purposive sampling was used to select the six hospitals in Mogadishu while stratified random sampling was used to select a sample of 276 participants in the sampled hospitals. Structured questionnaires were use collect data. Data was analyzed SPSS to generate descriptive statistics and logistic regression.

Results: The study established that 54.3% (n) of the healthcare workers had taken the COVID-19 vaccine. The study found that the socio-demographic factors increased the odds of uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine were job cadre with doctors (Odds=0.859, p=0.007), Nurses (Odds=1.175, p=0.010);area of work with ICU (Odds=0.614, p=0.014), Isolation Ward (Odds=2.825, p=0.007); Age 21-30 years (Odds=1.125, p=0.002), 31-40 years (Odds=1.106, p=0.000). The healthcare system factors associated with increased odds for COVID-19 vaccine uptake were being in contact with patients with COVID-19 (Odds=0.948, p=0,008); Conducting weekly tests (Odds=0.786, p =0.010); previously testing positive for COVID-19 (Odds=0.752, p=0.041).

Conclusion: The study concluded that a significant number 45.7 %(n) of healthcare workers in Mogadishu had low or inadequate had not taken the COVID-19 Vaccine for a number of reasons, this is worrying since these are the frontline workers in the fight of COVID 19 pandemic.

Recommendations: The study recommends that health education and health promotion is necessary to enhance vaccine uptake and use among health workers particularly during such pandemics. Policymakers and administrators should develop clear guidelines and create supportive environment to enhance health education and health promotion during pandemics.
Use of Multivariate Analysis Methods in the Sensory Evaluation of Sweet Potato Chips
Authors: Júnior Luiz Ferreira Coelho , Coelho Thaynara Cristine Moraes
Published: April 2023

Aims: To determine the acceptance of sweet potato chips through the application of multivariate analysis methods.

Study Design: Sweet potato chips were subjected to sensory analysis.

Place and Duration of Study: Study was carried out at Laboratory of Agriculture of the State Technical School Arlindo Ferreira dos Santos, Sertânia-PE, Brazil, During the pedagogic show held on November 23rd and 24th, 2017.

Methodology: The sweet potato was minimally processed with the aid of a multiprocessor of food (Metvisa) to obtain the chips. Sensory analysis was performed according to the hedonic scale of nine points: 9 = as extremely and 1 = not extremely like. The tasters attributed notes to the appearance of the attributes, aroma, flavor and color.

Results: Factorial analysis made it possible to reduce the variables for two common factors, being factor 1, the factor containing the highest original information (88.05% of the original variation was explained by this factor). Subsequently, the cluster analysis allowed the formation of three groups of tasters presenting different characteristics.

Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the use of multivariate analysis methods becomes important in the verification of the acceptance of new products to be submitted to the evaluation by the consumer, taking into account the differences presented in this evaluation, aiming at the commercialization of these products.
The Association of Hepatitis B and Polymyositis: Rare but Real
Authors: Chaudhry Kavita , Kaur Gurmeet , Kumar Priyanshu
Published: April 2023

Aims: Hepatitis B virus infection is a global health concern. Although Hepatitis B virus primarily affects hepatocytes, it sometimes develops disease manifestations outside the liver and can present as full fledged proximal myopathy. 

Presentation of Case: We report a 68-year-old man presenting with progressive proximal bilateral lower limb weakness for the last 14 days. The weakness was associated with pain and one episode of fever. Examination revealed 3/5 power in the shoulder and hip joint without any sensory deficit. Biochemical investigation showed elevated CPK levels (1102 IU/L) and liver enzymes (AST – 625 IU/L, ALT – 356 IU/L). HBsAg and HBeAg came out to be positive with HBV DNA of 73000 copies/mL. MRI shoulder and hip joints revealed diffuse intramuscular and myofascial edema suggesting inflammatory myositis. Muscle biopsy was suggestive of Necrotizing Autoimmune Myopathy.

Discussion: Patient symptoms improved after starting IV Prednisolone and Entecavir therapy suggesting a close association between Hepatitis B infection and myopathy.

Conclusion: Although Hepatitis B virus primarily affects hepatocytes, it sometimes develops disease manifestations outside the liver, such as Polymyositis. Therefore, it is imperative to screen for Viral markers in these patients.
A Rare Case of Congenital Hypothyroidism
Authors: Bhadra Sanket , Makwana Urvashi , Bhatt Ruchika
Published: April 2023

Congenital Hypothyroidism (CH) is a common preventable cause of mental retardation. The incidence of CH is 1 in 2500 to 1 in 3000 newborns. Most common causes are thyroid dysgenesis and dyshormonogenesis. Some disorder like maternal autoantibodies, maternal intake of anti thyroid medication, iodine deficiency or iodine excess can result in transient CH. Common symptoms include decreased activity and increased sleep, feeding difficulty, constipation, and prolonged jaundice. In this case report, A 3 day old baby was admitted to SNCU with chief complain of yellowish discoloration upto abdomen and respiratory distress. On examination, common signs include myxedematous facies, large fontanels, macroglossia, a distended abdomen with umbilical hernia, and hypotonia. Thyroid dysgenesis accounts for 85% of permanent, primary CH, while inborn errors of thyroid hormone biosynthesis (dyshormonogeneses) account for 10-15% of cases. Secondary or central CH may occur with isolated TSH deficiency, but more commonly it is associated with congenital hypopitiutarism. Transient CH most commonly occurs in preterm infants born.
Achieving Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria: Current Challenges and Recommendations
Authors: Auwal Al-Mansur Sumayya , Oluwatomisin Lawal Abdulwahab , Olatunji Tijani Yusuf , Adekunle Adeniji Abdur-Rahman , Oluwatobi Ogunleke Praise
Published: April 2023

Health is a fundamental human right upon which all other rights are built. Easy access to needed and affordable healthcare service is essential towards achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC). The achievement of UHC in middle and low-income countries of Africa such as Nigeria has however continued to pose a mirage, hence the need for a thorough re-evaluation and provision of sustainable solutions.

This article aims at highlighting the current efforts in achieving UHC in Nigeria and the challenges facing its achievement, while proffering recommendations towards solving these challenges.   

The Nigerian Government has made considerable efforts in promoting UHC; however a lot still needs to be done. Adequate healthcare financing has been found to be essential towards achieving universal health coverage in Nigeria; hence it is imperative that the Nigerian government and allied agencies continually create effective, achievable and sustainable policies and actions towards financing the healthcare sector, especially at the level of primary healthcare.
Awareness of HPV-Related Cancers among University Students: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ferreira Chrystiano de Campos , Ferreira Herika Rangel , Leite Jandra Cibele Rodrigues de Abrantes Pereira , Gadelha Gabrielle , Vieira Layssa Gonçalves , Rodrigues Tiago da Cruz , Corrêa Marcelo Regis Lima
Published: April 2023

Background: HPV is associated with some malignant neoplasms, especially cancers of the cervix, oropharynx, penis, anus and vulva.

Aims: The aim of this study was to analyze the awareness of Human Papillomavirus-associated cancers among university students.

Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional research among medical students and student nurses from four institutions from June to December 2020. A questionnaire was utilized to obtain information about sexual behavior and awareness of HPV among those students.

Results: A total of 201 undergraduates participated in the study. Of those 147 were medical students and 54 were student nurses. The majority were female 133 (66.17%), and the most frequent age group was 20-24 years old, amounting to 121 (60.20%) students. All participants knew that HPV causes cervical cancer. A little over half of the participants 107 (53.23%) knew the relation between HPV and penile cancer. Less than half 95 (47.26%) knew that HPV causes oropharyngeal cancer. However, only 10 (4.98%) knew that HPV causes anal cancer.

Conclusion: In this study, medical and student nurses showed good awareness of the link between HPV and cervical cancer but limited knowledge of the causal link between HPV and oropharyngeal, penile and anal cancers.
Risk of New Retinal Vascular Occlusion After mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination Within Aggregated Electronic Health Record Data
Authors: Dorney Ian , Shaia Jacqueline , Kaelber David C. , Talcott Katherine E. , Singh Rishi P.
Published: April 2023

Importance

New-onset retinal vascular occlusion (RVO) occurring acutely after messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccination has been described in recent literature. Because RVO can cause vision loss or blindness, an epidemiologic investigation evaluating this potential association is of great importance to public health.

Objective

To investigate how often patients are diagnosed with new RVO acutely after the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine compared with influenza and tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis (Tdap) vaccines.

Design, Setting, and Participants

A retrospective population-based cohort design using the TriNetX Analytics platform, a federated, aggregated electronic health record (EHR) research network containing the deidentified EHR data of more than 103 million patients, was used to examine aggregate EHR data. Data were collected and analyzed on October 20, 2022. Data on patients within the TriNetX Analytics platform were searched for the presence of vaccination Common Procedural Technology codes, and instances of newly diagnosed RVO within 21 days of vaccination were recorded and reported. Propensity score matching based on demographic characteristics (age, sex, race and ethnicity) and comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia) was performed between vaccination groups for evaluation of relative risks (RRs).

Main Outcomes and Measures

The appearance of a new-encounter diagnosis of RVO within 21 days of the mRNA COVID-19 vaccination was the primary outcome. Historical comparison cohorts of patients receiving influenza and Tdap vaccinations allowed for evaluation of the RRs for RVO.

Results

Of 3 108 829 patients (mean [SD] age at vaccination, 50.7 [20.4] years; 56.4% women) who received the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, 104 (0.003%; 95% CI, 0.003%-0.004%) patients had a new diagnosis of RVO within 21 days of vaccination. After propensity score matching, the RR for new RVO diagnosis after the first dose of COVID-19 vaccination was not significantly different from that after influenza (RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.54-1.01) or Tdap (RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.44-1.38) vaccinations, but was greater when compared with the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccination (RR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.33-3.81).

Conclusions and Relevance

The findings of this study suggest that RVO diagnosed acutely after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination occurs extremely rarely at rates similar to those of 2 different historically used vaccinations, the influenza and Tdap vaccines. No evidence suggesting an association between the mRNA COVID-19 vaccination and newly diagnosed RVO was found.
MPLA case: How do you lead as a lead physicist?
Authors: Sansourekidou Patricia , Kim Leonard , Xu Lee , Gronberg Mary , Stambaugh Cassandra , Wang Dongxu
Published: April 2023

This work of fiction is part of a case study series developed by the Medical Physics Leadership Academy (MPLA). It is intended to facilitate the discussion of the managerial and leadership challenges faced by a clinical medical physicist. In this case, a physicist David used to work in a clinic where he thrived and felt like a leader, despite not having the title. After a job change, he is now officially the “Lead Physicist” at a hospital newly affiliated with a large academic healthcare system. He believes he will be equally successful. Yet he struggles to bring about changes and get buy‐in from coworkers. In the end, he feels like giving up and considers changing his job. This case is in the scenario of Problem Diagnosis.i The intended use of this case, through group discussion or self‐study, is to encourage readers to perform a comprehensive analysis that identifies the root cause of the problem. This case study falls under the scope of and is supported by the MPLA, a committee in the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM).
Lung Transplantation: A Viable Option for Connective Tissue Disease?
Authors: Zhang Na , Liu Shizhou , Zhang Zhaoliang , Liu Ying , Mi Liangyu , Xu Ke
Published: April 2023

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) caused by connective tissue disease (CTD) are one of the main causes of morbidity and death in patients. Although the International Society for Heart & Lung Transplant suggested that ILD and PH related to CTD are rare indications for lung transplantation in 2006, many lung transplantation centers are concerned that the multisystem involvement of CTD will affect survival outcomes after lung transplantation, and CTD is regarded as a relative contraindication for lung transplantation. However, long‐term and short‐term survival after lung transplantation in CTD patients is similar compared with survival in common indications for lung transplantation such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and no higher incidence of complications after transplantation in many lung transplant centers. This suggests that lung transplantation may be beneficial in CTD patients with disease that progresses to end‐stage lung disease, and CTD should not be considered a contraindication for lung transplantation. In the future, more prospective studies are needed to analyze the risk factors of lung transplantation in CTD patients to improve survival rates and reduce the risk of complications. This narrative review summarizes the selection and evaluation of candidates for CTD before lung transplantation and describes the clinical outcomes in CTD after lung transplantation in large‐capacity lung transplantation center. The purpose of this review is to help rheumatologists decide when to refer patients with CTD‐related lung involvement to a lung transplantation center and the conditions to consider before transplantation and to provide confidence to lung transplant experts.
In Situ STING‐Activating Nanovaccination with TIGIT Blockade for Enhanced Immunotherapy of Anti‐PD‐1‐Resistant Tumors
Authors: Zhang Beibei , Zhang Juan , Li Yaqiong , Li Na , Wang Yuzhou , Jang Ru , Xu Xiaoxia , Li Ruifang , Chen Zhenzhen , Duan Shaobo , Wang Yongchao , Zhang Lianzhong
Published: April 2023

Immunotherapies comprising programmed cell death protein 1/PD ligand 1 (PD‐1/PD‐L1) immune checkpoint inhibitors are effective cancer treatments. However, the low response rate and immunoresistance resulting from alternative immune checkpoint upregulation and inefficient immune stimulation by T cells are problematic. The present report describes a biomimetic nanoplatform that simultaneously blocks the alternative T‐cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine‐based inhibitory motif domain (TIGIT) checkpoint and activates the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway in situ for enhanced antitumor immunity. The nanoplatform is engineered by fusing a red blood cell membrane with glutathione‐responsive liposome‐encapsulated cascade‐activating chemoagents (β‐lapachone and tirapazamine), and anchoring them with a detachable TIGIT block peptide (named as RTLT). In the tumor environment, the peptide is spatiotemporally released to reverse T‐cell exhaustion and restore antitumor immunity. The cascade activation of chemotherapeutic agents causes DNA damage and inhibits the repair of double‐stranded DNA, which induces robust in situ STING activation for an efficient immune response. The RTLT inhibits anti‐PD‐1‐resistant tumor growth, and prevents tumor metastasis and recurrence in vivo by inducing antigen‐specific immune memory. This biomimetic nanoplatform thus provides a promising strategy for in situ cancer vaccination.
Design of Fluoro‐Free Surfaces Super‐Repellent to Low‐Surface‐Tension Liquids
Authors: Wong William S. Y. , Kiseleva Mariia S. , Zhou Shaochen , Junaid Muhammad , Pitkänen Leena , Ras Robin H. A.
Published: April 2023

Super‐liquid‐repellent surfaces feature high liquid contact angles and low sliding angles find key applications in anti‐fouling and self‐cleaning. While repellency for water is easily achieved with hydrocarbon functionalities, repellency for many low‐surface‐tension liquids (down to 30 mN m−1) still requires perfluoroalkyls (a persistent environmental pollutant and bioaccumulation hazard). Here, the scalable room‐temperature synthesis of stochastic nanoparticle surfaces with fluoro‐free moieties is investigated. Silicone (dimethyl and monomethyl) and hydrocarbon surface chemistries are benchmarked against perfluoroalkyls, assessed using model low‐surface‐tension liquids (ethanol–water mixtures). It is discovered that both hydrocarbon‐ and dimethyl‐silicone‐based functionalization can achieve super‐liquid‐repellency down to 40–41 mN m−1 and 32–33 mN m−1, respectively (vs 27–32 mN m−1 for perfluoroalkyls). The dimethyl silicone variant demonstrates superior fluoro‐free liquid repellency likely due to its denser dimethyl molecular configuration. It is shown that perfluoroalkyls are not necessary for many real‐world scenarios requiring super‐liquid‐repellency. Effective super‐repellency of different surface chemistries against different liquids can be adequately predicted using empirically verified phase diagrams. These findings encourage a liquid‐centric design, i.e., tailoring surfaces for target liquid properties. Herein, key guidelines are provided for achieving functional yet sustainably designed super‐liquid‐repellency.
Remote Water‐to‐Air Eavesdropping with a Phase‐Engineered Impedance Matching Metasurface
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Li Zhengwei , Liang Bin , Cheng Jian‐Chun , Alù Andrea
Published: April 2023

Efficiently receiving underwater sound remotely from air is a long‐standing challenge in acoustics hindered by the large impedance mismatch at the water–air interface. Here, a phase‐engineered water–air impedance matching metasurface is proposed and experimentally demonstrated for remote and efficient water‐to‐air eavesdropping. The judiciously designed metasurface with near‐unity transmission efficiency, long monitoring distance, and high mechanical stiffness is capable of making the water–air interface acoustically transparent and, at the same time, freewheelingly patterning the transmitted wavefront. This enables efficient control over the effective spatial location of a distant airborne sensor such that it can measure underwater signals with large signal‐to‐noise ratios as if placed close to the physical underwater source. Such airborne eavesdropping of underwater sound is experimentally demonstrated with a measured sensitivity enhancement of nearly 104 at 8 kHz, far from achievable with the current state‐of‐the‐art methods. Moreover, the opportunities of using the proposed metasurface for cross‐media orbital‐angular‐momentum‐multiplexed communication and underwater acoustic window are also demonstrated. This metasurface opens new avenues for communication and sensing in inhomogeneities with totally reflective interfaces, which may be translated to nano‐optics and radio frequencies.
Highly Sensitive, Ultrawide Range, and Multimodal Flexible Pressure Sensor with Hierarchical Microstructure Prepared By a One‐Step Laser Printing Process
Authors: Lei Xiao , Guo Dingyi , Ye Lei , Xu Langlang , Yu Sinan , Tong Lei , Zhao Yiling , Li Yunfan , Yi Longju , Liu Feng
Published: April 2023

The hierarchical microstructures composed of surface microstructures and porous structures on soft materials have attracted more and more attention because of their effectiveness in improving flexible sensor performance. However, the preparation methods of the hierarchical microstructures are faced with the problems induced by complex process, high cost, and low efficiency. Up to now, there is no one‐step method that can directly realize the hierarchical microstructure on soft materials, even polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the most common soft material. Herein, using glucose additive as porogen and endothermic agent, a simple, low‐cost, and fast laser thermal printing one‐step process is developed for the preparation of porous PDMS film with surface microstructure. Based on the hierarchical structural PDMS film, a multimodal flexible pressure sensor that can sense tension, compression, and torsion is realized. Due to the hierarchical microstructure composed of surface microstructure and porous structure, the sensor exhibits a high sensitivity of 36.66 kPa−1 in 0–0.6 kPa, a ultrawide sensing range of 3000 kPa, a 100% elongation, and a high gauge factor of 315.13. The application of the sensor in the monitoring of physiological signals, dynamic loads, and robotic flexible gripper demonstrates the potential of the laser thermal printing process in porous PDMS‐based sensors.
Broadside‐Coupled Split Ring Resonators as a Model Construct for Passive Wireless Sensing
Authors: Dia Kazi Khurshidi Haque , Hajiaghajani Amirhossein , Escobar Alberto Ranier , Dautta Manik , Tseng Peter
Published: April 2023

Passive and wireless Radio‐Frequency (RF) sensors are a unique, enabling modality for emerging applications in environmental sensing. These sensors exhibit several key features that may unlock new functionalities in complex environments: sensors are composed of zero electronic components, are wirelessly interrogated even in opaque media, and structures are often inherently biocompatible. Such capabilities make it unique in the realm of sensing architectures. Here, the broadside‐coupled, split‐ring resonator is studied as a compact and versatile model structure for RF sensing (of potentially mechanical and biochemical environments). A new analytical model is derived to assess resonator behavior—these yield a rapid, first‐order approximation of the resonator resonant frequency or sensitivity. Finally, experimental investigations into how sensors may be optimally designed, sized, and interrogated to enhance sensitivity or spectral intensity are performed. These studies encompass a wide variety of potential dimensional and dielectric modifications that may be relevant to emerging sensors. Last, hydrogel polymeric sensors are synthesized and studied to assess how practical sensors may deviate in response from expectations. Such investigations lay the groundwork for how such sensing architectures may be adapted to fit application needs.
Blood β‐synuclein is related to amyloid PET positivity in memory clinic patients
Authors: Oeckl Patrick , Bluma Marina , Bucci Marco , Halbgebauer Steffen , Chiotis Konstantinos , Sandebring‐Matton Anna , Ashton Nicholas J. , Molfetta Guglielmo Di , Grötschel Lana , Kivipelto Miia , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , Savitcheva Irina , Nordberg Agneta , Otto Markus
Published: April 2023

Introduction

β‐synuclein is an emerging blood biomarker to study synaptic degeneration in Alzheimer´s disease (AD), but its relation to amyloid‐β (Αβ) pathology is unclear.

Methods

We investigated the association of plasma β‐synuclein levels with [18F]flutemetamol positron emission tomography (PET) in patients with AD dementia (n = 51), mild cognitive impairment (MCI–Aβ+ n = 18, MCI– Aβ– n = 30), non‐AD dementias (n = 22), and non‐demented controls (n = 5).

Results

Plasma β‐synuclein levels were higher in Aβ+ (AD dementia, MCI–Aβ+) than in Aβ– subjects (non‐AD dementias, MCI–Aβ−) with good discrimination of Aβ+ from Aβ– subjects and prediction of Aβ status in MCI individuals. A positive correlation between plasma β‐synuclein and Aβ PET was observed in multiple cortical regions across all lobes.

Discussion

Plasma β‐synuclein demonstrated discriminative properties for Aβ PET positive and negative subjects. Our data underline that β‐synuclein is not a direct marker of Aβ pathology and suggest different longitudinal dynamics of synaptic degeneration versus amyloid deposition across the AD continuum.

Highlights

Blood and CSF β‐synuclein levels are higher in Aβ+ than in Aβ− subjects.

Blood β‐synuclein level correlates with amyloid PET positivity in multiple regions.

Blood β‐synuclein predicts Aβ status in MCI individuals.
Controllable cross‐linking of VA‐co‐VAm/PAN composite membranes for efficient pervaporation desalination under extreme pH conditions
Authors: Fu Jiawen , Pan Haowei , An Mingzhe , Li Zihao , Wang Hong , He Xinping , Yi Chunhai
Published: April 2023

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a promising membrane material for pervaporation (PV) desalination. However, the adjustment and control of the cross‐linking structure is still a challenge for PVA membrane. In this study, a novel pH‐resistant PVA‐based composite membrane for efficient pervaporation desalination was developed by precisely adjusting the cross‐linking behavior. Vinyl alcohol‐vinylamine copolymer (VA‐co‐VAm) containing both hydroxyl and amino groups was synthesized. Cross‐linking reaction was carried out based on the Schiff base reaction between amino groups (in VAm moiety) and glutaraldehyde (GA) under alkaline conditions. Cross‐linking degree of PVA selective layer was carefully controlled by adjusting the amino group content in copolymer. Results showed that membrane prepared with VA‐co‐VAm that containing 5 wt% N‐vinylformamide (NVF) displayed superior hydrophilicity and the largest free volume fraction. Pervaporation test indicated that the modified cross‐linking membrane showed good stability under extreme pH conditions. Specifically, under strong acid conditions (pH ~ 1) and alkaline conditions (pH ~ 14), the membrane showed excellent desalination performance with water flux over 12 kg/(m2 h), and the salt rejection higher than 99.95%. Based on the above results, the prepared membrane offers a promising platform for desalination under extreme pH conditions, which shows great potential in industrial wastewater treatment.
Functionalized magnesium hydroxide with zinc borate and 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane for enhanced flame retardant and smoke suppressant properties of epoxy resins
Authors: Li Ping , Li Lijuan , Ji Lianmin , Dang Li , Lan Shengjie , Zhu Donghai
Published: April 2023

To improve the fire safety of epoxy resins (EP), a composite with magnesium hydroxide loaded zinc borate (MH@ZBO) was obtained using a heterogeneous deposition method, and then 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APES) was grafted onto the surface of MH@ZBO to produce an organic–inorganic hybrid (MH@ZBO‐APES). Subsequently, the EP composite with added MH@ZBO‐APES was prepared and its thermal properties and fire safety were evaluated. The results showed that the glass transition temperatures of the EP/MH@30ZBO‐10APES composite are improved, and the maximum thermal decomposition rate decreased, and the samples exhibited favorable thermal stability and flame‐retarding performance (flame retardancy index: 2.40; LOI: 33%). The enhanced fire safety was a result of two factors. On one hand, the endothermic decomposition of MH and ZBO and the physical barrier of their decomposition products, the catalytic carbonization function of ZBO, the synergistic flame retardation of APES, and its improvement in dispersion to form a denser carbon layer, which plays a role in fire retardation and smoke suppression in the condensed phase. On the other hand, water vapor produced by the decomposition of MH and ZBO, as well as incombustible gas produced by the degradation of APES, are vital in the gas phase.
Application of a Quality by Design‐based approach in development and validation of an RP‐HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of methotrexate and mangiferin in dual drug‐loaded liposomes
Authors: Adin Syeda Nashvia , Gupta Isha , Aqil Mohd. , Mujeeb Mohd. , Najmi Abul Kalam
Published: April 2023

The present study delineates the development of a novel rugged and sensitive stability‐indicating risk‐based HPLC method for the concurrent estimation of methotrexate and mangiferin in dual drug‐loaded nanopharmaceuticals based on an analytical QbD approach. Preliminary screening trials along with systemic risk analysis were performed, endeavouring to explicate the critical method attributes, namely pH, percentage orthophosphoric acid content and percentage methanol content, that influence critical quality attributes. Box–Behnken design was utilized for the optimization of the tailing factor as response for methotrexate and mangiferin in short run time. The chromatographic conditions were optimized by performing 17 experimental runs acquired from Design‐Expert software. The chromatographic conditions after the analysis of an optimized zone within the confines of the design space were chosen as mobile phase water–methanol adjusted to pH 3.0 with 0.05% orthophosphoric acid (65:35, v/v) and flow rate 1.0 ml/min using a C18analytical column at an isosbestic wavelength of 265 nm. Furthermore, the validation of the optimized method was done in accordance with International Conference on Harmonization guidelines and were reckoned to be in the prescribed limits. The developed RP‐HPLC method has a high degree of practical utility for synchronous detection of methotrexate and mangiferin in pharmaceutical nano‐dosage forms such as protein‐based‐nanoparticles, nanocrystals, polymeric nanoparticles and metallic nanoparticles inin vivoandin vitrostudies.
The impact of green marketing on collective behaviour: Experimental evidence from the sports industry
Authors: Gionfriddo Gianluca , Rizzi Francesco , Daddi Tiberio , Iraldo Fabio
Published: April 2023

This paper aims to investigate how supporters perceive and react to environmental messages that call for reducing the environmental impact of sporting events. Based on prospect theory, we randomly provided 1423 supporters attending football events in Europe with (1) a negative (perceived loss for supporters), (2) a neutral (no perceived gain or loss) or a (3) a positive (perceived gain for supporters) environmental message and measured their attitudes towards the message, pro‐environmental behavioural intentions and perceived consumer effectiveness. Our results reveal that supporters show traits of collective behaviour during sports events that may lower the in‐stadium effectiveness of environmental messages. The environmental commitment of the favoured sports club increases the influence of green marketing on supporters with higher levels of environmental values and knowledge, but only when they depart from a collective identity. This paper contributes to green marketing literature revealing that modelling collective behaviours of members of groups exposed to highly emotional situations should be coordinated with information and awareness‐raising campaigns in everyday life. We also contribute to the prospect theory showing that loss aversion prevails in risk‐free conditions even though it does not directly shape supporters' behavioural intentions.
Osteosarcoma of the mandible: A case with a clinical appearance similar to benign lesions
Authors: Pakfetrat Atessa , Zamani Toktam , Anbiaee Najmeh , Mirhashemi Majid , Vazavandi Elahe
Published: April 2023

A 34‐year‐old woman with complaints of mandibular swelling that started 4 months earlier was referred to the Oral Diseases Department. Based on the clinical and radiographic appearance, the primary diagnosis was an intraosseous reactive lesion. However, the result of histopathology indicated osteosarcoma.
Traumatic herniation of buccal fat pad into the oral cavity in an infant: A case report
Authors: Abulohoom Faisal , Al‐wageeh Saleh , Ahmed Faisal , Al‐Sharani Hesham , Al‐Muaalemi Zakarya , Al‐Hutbany Nassr , Badheeb Mohamed
Published: April 2023

Buccal fat herniation is a rare traumatic disease that should be included in differential diagnosis of infants' oral cavity mass. History of proceeding trauma, careful evaluation of mucosal perforation aiding the diagnosis.
Tramadol‐induced intracerebral hemorrhage: A rare case report
Authors: Sidow Nor Osman , Osman Mohamed Farah , Hassan Mohamed Sheikh , Ahmed Abdulkadir , Ibrahim Abdiwahid Ahmed
Published: April 2023

A previously healthy middle‐aged man with no vascular risk factors developed a hemorrhagic stroke. He had been using tramadol due to erectile dysfunction for 2 years. So, the patient developed right basal ganglia due to tramadol addiction.