bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Return to ART practices – The post-coronavirus disease era
Authors: Pai Hrishikesh D. , Kundnani Manisha Takhtani , Palshetkar Nandita Patil , Palshetkar Rohan , Mehta Pooja , Arora Sunita , Handa Meenu , Pai Arnav
Published: February 2021

Objectives:

The objectives of the study were to analyze the prevalence of coronavirus disease (COVID) real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positivity among asymptomatic patients undergoing infertility treatment.

Materials and Methods:

This was an observational study done in five centers in five different cities in India, analyzing the prevalence of COVID RT-PCR-positive rates among asymptomatic patients willing to undergo infertility treatment. All patients underwent triage and COVID RT-PCR testing as per the national guidelines. Patients tested positive for COVID RT-PCR were advised to discontinue treatment.

Results:

The overall prevalence of COVID RT-PCR positivity in low-risk patients undergoing infertility treatment was found to be low. The incidence of COVID RT-PCR positivity in staff and doctors providing infertility care and not dealing directly with COVID-positive patients was observed to be 10.7%.

Conclusion:

The overall prevalence of the virus in asymptomatic people is low and elective procedure like assisted reproduction technology can be carried out with all precautions and sanitization protocols in place.
Impact of coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic on assisted reproductive technologies: Potentialities of melatonin in management
Authors: Hansda Shruti R. , Chowdhury Jayita Pal , Verma Rakesh , Haldar Chandana
Published: February 2021

The world is still grappling with the threat due to the emergence of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by a new variant of coronavirus. The high transmission of the virus among humans has led to a pandemic and there is also emergence of mutant strain of virus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses 2 Variant VOC 202012/01) within communities. With the uncertainties in the development, efficacy and reach of an effective vaccine among the masses, it has become a mammoth task for human beings to carry on with the dayto-day task and lifestyle. This has severely impacted the health-care services including the fertility treatments. The assisted reproductive technology (ART) services have accordingly molded itself to cater to patients. There are various guidelines and regulations introduced to provide fertility services on the basis of priority of the patients seeking treatments, keeping in compliance to the safety measures for the healthcare staffs and patients. On the other hand, couples wish to pursue their way to parenthood even in the testing times. Melatonin, a neurohormone, is a multipotent molecule associated with male and female reproduction and is being protectively involved in the various reproductive processes. It maintains the circadian rhythmicity of various hormones and has potentials in treating COVID-19 patients. Its use in IVF procedures can be protective and effective measure to deal with the uncertainties of time. Its immune enhancing role can be utilized in fulfilling the patients’ health and achieving fertility goals contributing to the success of ART.
Possible effects of coronavirus disease 2019 on male reproduction
Authors: Kutteyil Susha S. , Kumar Pradeep G.
Published: February 2021

The pandemic of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in a worldwide health emergency situation within few months since its emergence at the end of 2019. SARS-CoV-2 targets the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor on the lung alveolar epithelia, causing acute respiratory distress, which is the major manifestation of COVID-19. Various emerging reports indicate that in addition to the lungs the virus impacts other ACE2 expressing-organs including the heart, kidney, liver, and testis causing varying levels of damage to these organs. Due to discrepancies between different reports, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the reproductive tract and semen has not been confirmed in COVID-19 affected men. However, COVID-19 related complications such as testicular inflammation, lower sperm count in the semen, and altered levels of testosterone and luteinizing hormone are evident in male patients. These complications are positively correlated with the severity of the disease and consequently, drastic testicular impairments involving germ cells and somatic cells are observed in deceased males due to COVID-19. Hence, further studies are warranted to apprehend the long-term effects of COVID-19 on reproduction and to manage fertility issues in male patients.
Psychological impact of fertility treatment during the coronavirus pandemic and its legal aspect
Authors: Priya Dev , Saini Monika
Published: February 2021

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, a novel coronavirus in December 2019 was first identified in Wuhan, the capital city of China, Hubei Province that rapidly spread as worldwide pandemic, a global health emergency condition. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was declared as Public Health Emergency of International Concern on January 30, 2020, by the World Health Organization and later a world pandemic on March 11, 2020. In India, the first COVID-19 case was reported on January 30, 2020, and with increasing number of cases later nationwide lockdown was implemented on March 24, 2020. The COVID-19 restrictions were lifted and gradually country’s economy and health-care services started to resume. According to the international and national guidelines on COVID-19, all the non-essential medical services were suspended including majority of fertility services across the globe. The strategy was followed to minimize the virus transmission with physical distancing and less human interaction. The unplanned shutdown of fertility services to support the overwhelmed health-care services possessed a serious psychological impact and mental distress on the patients undergoing fertility treatments. The aim of this review is to briefly summarize the current knowledge regarding the psychological impact of abrupt suspension of in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures, closure of IVF clinics and the impact it had on the couples who had to postpone their treatments due to the restrictions. The surveys reviewed are majorly based on observational, cross-sectional community-based study with certain limitations. The study suggested future implication of introducing more structured planning to combat the psychological distress caused during fertility treatments. In future, the psychological consequences of increased anxiety and mental distress need to be addressed during the treatment at fertility clinics. Further, the article also provides brief insights on the legal aspects of assisted reproductive technology rights and how it can help in protecting reproductive rights of child and the women.
Символічні коди української культури
Authors: Янковська Жанна
Published: February 2021

Українська культура, як і культура кожного народу, глибоко символічна. Різними символами пронизане буквально все матеріальне й духовне життя етносу: побут, звичаї, традиції, фольклор. На жаль, деетнізація української культури у ХХ ст. та сьогоднішні глобалізаційні процеси не сприяють розумінню та збереженню давніх символів, якими послуговувалися наші предки. Як наслідок – втрачається міжпоколінний зв’язок, уніфікуються знакові смисли культури, утилітарне переважає над духовним, масові «одноденні» явища, швидко виникаючи й так само швидко зникаючи, змінюючи один одного, поглинають традиційні форми культури, які вже не завжди можемо пояснити. Посібник призначений для викладачів освітніх закладів різного типу й для молоді. Матеріали посібника в НаУОА апробовано під час викладання дисциплін тематичного блоку «Традиційна культура українців», зокрема «Народна художня творчість», «Українська етнологія», «Народно-обрядовий комплекс». Актуальний він також у курсах «Усна народна творчість», «Історія української культури», «Українська література», засвідчуючи інтердисциплінарний підхід до вивчення художніх творів. У тексті посібника авторка зробила спробу поєднати науковий і традиційний погляди на окремі реалії та об’єкти народної культури, декодувати їх символіку. Окремі розділи праці присвячені аналізу символіки хліба, вінка, дороги, воріт, культу предків та ін. Цікавий виклад матеріалу, яскраві приклади зумовлюють доступність видання, кожна із частин якого свого часу була апробована під час виступів на науково-практичних конференціях та у відповідних публікаціях.
Clinical Correlation of Periodontal Disease Parameters with Crevicular Blood Glucose Levels
Authors:   Ziauddin College of Dentistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Saeed Quratulain , Memon Sarwat , Hosein Mervyn , Ikram Sana
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to assess relationship between the clinical periodontal parameters and gingival crevicular blood glucose levels and to determine the relation of severity of periodontitis with glycemic levels. METHODOLOGY: A total number of 348 patients with chronic periodontitis participated in this cross-sectional study. After recording the number of teeth and plaque percentage, the participants were assessed for severity of periodontitis according to clinical periodontal parameters of periodontal pocket depth, gingival recession, clinical attachment loss and gingival bleeding. Gingival crevicular blood glucose was assessed via glucometers and random blood glucose levels were recorded for each patient. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. The correlation between periodontal parameters and glycemic levels was assessed via Pearson's correlation coefficient. Multiple regression analysis was used to predict the association of glycemic levels with periodontal parameters. Analysis of variance was used to compare the glycemic levels in patients with mild, moderate and advance periodontitis. RESULTS: Age, bleeding on probing and clinical attachment loss showed significant positive correlation while number of teeth showed significant negative association with crevicular blood glucose levels. Multiple regression analysis indicated that crevicular blood glucose has significant linear association with bleeding on probing and clinical attachment loss. Gingival crevicular blood glucose levels were found to be increasing with severity of periodontitis. There was significant difference (p<0.001) in mean glucose levels between mild, moderate and advanced periodontitis groups. CONCLUSION: Clinical periodontal parameters and severity of periodontitis are strongly associated with increasing gingival crevicular blood glucose levels. KEYWORDS: Blood glucose, inflammation, gingival bleeding, periodontitis HOW TO CITE: Saeed Q, Memon S, Hosein M, Ikram S. Clinical correlation of periodontal disease parameters with crevicular blood glucose levels. J Pak Dent Assoc 2021;30(1):12-17.
Salivary Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 as Non-Invasive Tool for The Diagnosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC)
Authors:   Institute of Advanced Dental Sciences and  Research (IADSR), Zaidi Sana Jafar , Riaz Nabeela , Iqbal Asifa , Khan Ayyaz Ali
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of salivary MMP1 as non-invasive diagnostic biomarker of OSCC through conventional sandwich ELISA technique. Analytical cross-sectional study. METHODOLOGY: Individuals with clinical suspicion for OSCC (IWCS-OSCC) were included in the study after fulfilling selection criteria. Saliva samples were collected from IWCS-OSCC. To confirm OSCC, the patients were referred for biopsy. After definitive diagnosis on biopsy, patients were labeled OSCC positive or OSCC negative. The colorimetric sandwich-ELISA test was performed on saliva samples to measure the level of MMP1. Data was entered in "Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) -16" and levels of MMP1 were correlated with the biopsy status of patient (OSCC positive or OSCC negative). RESULTS: Our sample included twice as many males as females (2.1:1) and a wide age range of 22-77years with median age of 50yrs. Of all the IWCS-OSCC 85% were OSCC +ve and 15% were OSCC-ve. Diagnostic accuracy was measured as; Area under curve (AUC) = 0.623, Sensitivity (Sn) = 50%, Specificity (Sp)= 83.3%, Positive predictive value (PPV)= 94.4%, Negative predictive value (NPV)= 22.7% CONCLUSION: MMP1 as detected by conventional sandwich-ELISA technique is not proven as an accurate diagnostic biomarker of OSCC. KEY WORDS: OSCC; MMP1; IWCS-OSCC; Sandwich-ELISA HOW TO CITE: Zaidi SJ, Riaz N, Iqbal A, Khan AA. Salivary matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 as non-invasive tool for the diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). J Pak Dent Assoc 2021;30(1):18-23.
Accuracy of Working Length Measured by Apex Locator and Digital Radiography
Authors:   Bacha Khan Dental College,  Mardan, Khan Ghulam Ishaq , Khan Muhammad Talha , Ehsan Saroosh , Fayyaz Anam , Malik Haider Amin , Hussain Shafqat ,   Rehman College of Dentistry, Peshawar
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the measurements of electronic and radiographic method of working lengths calculation with actual working length of root canals. Precise working length determination is the most important part for successful root canal procedure. The most commonly used methods to determine the working length in root canal treatment are radiography and electronic apex locator. METHODOLOGY: A cross sectional study was done over a period of 06 months in the Department of Operative Dentistry, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore. Sixty patients who were recommended extraction of their premolar teeth with sixty canals were selected by convenience sampling. The Root ZX* apex locator was used to determine electronic working length exactly identifying the apical constriction. Reference points were identified and radiographic working length were determined 1mm short of radiographic apex. The teeth were extracted along with file cemented before extraction inside root canal. The actual length of the root canal was then calculated using the same files and reference point with 3.5X magnification. Pearson chi square test was applied to compare the apex locator and digital radiographic measurement with actual working length. RESULTS: The Root ZX® apex locator was 95% accurate to identify the apical constriction as compared 70% accuracy given by radiographs within 0.5 mm of the apex. CONCLUSION: Electronic apex locator was more accurate as compared to digital radiography in working length determination. KEYWORDS: Working length (WL), Electronic apex locators (EAL), Radiographic working length(RWL), Apical constriction (AC) HOW TO CITE: Khan GI, Khan MT, Ehsan S, Fayyaz A, Malik HA, Hussain S. Accuracy of working length measured by apex locator and digital radiography. J Pak Dent Assoc 2021;30(1):24-28.
Clinical Comparison of 5% Potassium Nitrate and 10% Strontium Chloride Toothpastes in Alleviating Dentin Hypersensitivity Following Manual Scaling: A Pilot Study
Authors:   Riphah International University, Islamabad, Kiani Anam Zahid , Hassan Sobia , Rafiq Talha
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of dentifrices containing potassium nitrate and strontium chloride in reducing dentinal sensitivity pain. METHODOLOGY: A pilot study was conducted in Islamic International Dental Hospital Islamabad, Pakistan (Duration two weeks). Forty participants were selected, aged between 18-40 years, having dentin hypersensitivity with the minimum score of 4 on Visual Analog Scale. Participants were randomly allocated with dentifrices containing 5% w/w potassium nitrate and 10 % w/w strontium chloride and were asked to use it for 2 weeks and come back for follow up. Statistically significant correlations were found using the Man Whitney test. A pre-designed proforma was used to acquire information about the patient. Sensitivity was determined with the aid of the Visual Analog Scale. RESULTS: There was greater reduction in moderate pain from 85.8% to 71.4% with strontium chloride and from 84.2% to 79% with potassium nitrate. CONCLUSION: 10 % w/w strontium chloride is more effective than the 5% w/w potassium nitrate for the management of dentin hypersensitivity. KEYWORDS: Toothpastes, Sensitivity, Strontium Chloride, Potassium Nitrate HOW TO CITE: Kiani AZ, Hassan S, Rafiq T. Clinical comparison of 5% potassium nitrate and 10% strontium chloride toothpastes in alleviating dentin hypersensitivity following manual scaling: A pilot study. J Pak Dent Assoc 2021;30(1): 56-60.
A Permanent solution to Restore Occlusal Vertical Dimension and Partial Edentulism – Overlay Removable Partial Denture
Authors:   Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, Aziz Surhan , Nazeer Muhammad Rizwan , Zafar Kamil , Ghafoor Robia
Published: February 2021

Tooth wear is a common problem seen in population and poses restorative challenge to a dentist as well. Extensive dental procedures are usually required for the treatment of tooth wear associated with loss of occlusal vertical dimension. An overlay removable partial denture provides conservative treatment option for patients with moderate to severe worn down dentition and partial edentulism. It is designed in such a way that some part of denture component also covers the occlusal surface of remaining teeth and replace the remaining teeth to achieve a functionally stable occlusion. This case report is about a patient who was given cast metal overlay upper and lower denture for a correction of lost vertical dimension of occlusion, replacement of few missing teeth and for the prevention from further tooth wear. KEYWORDS: Tooth wear, vertical dimension, overlay denture HOW TO CITE: Aziz S, Nazeer MR, Zafar K, Ghafoor R. A Permanent solution to restore occlusal vertical dimension and partial edentulism – Overlay removable partial denture. J Pak Dent Assoc 2021;30(1):66-69.
MTA Cvek Pulpotomy Followed by Fragment Re-Attachment in Traumatized Young Permanent Maxillary Left Central Incisor – A Case Report
Authors:   Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Zalan Abul Khair , Zubairy Khadeejah Khalil , Zaman Hira , Maxood Anser , Gul Anika , Anser Miraat
Published: February 2021

Most common form of dental trauma in children are the fractures of crown mainly in anterior teeth. A case of complicated crown fracture treated with Cvek pulpotomy using MTA followed by fragment re-attachment with careful follow-up is presented here. Tooth fragment re-attachment provides feasible conservative alternative approach to restore esthetics and tooth function. Successful outcomes have been shown by the long term follow up of the treatment with the preservation of pulp vitality and continued development of root. Clinical results have also shown good esthetics and functional results of presented technique. KEYWORDS: Complicated crown fracture, Cvek pulpotomy, MTA, fragment re-attachment HOW TO CITE: Zalan AK, Zubairy KK, Zaman H, Maxood A, Gul A, Anser M. MTA cvek pulpotomy followed by fragment re-attachment in traumatized young permanent maxillary left central incisor – A case report. J Pak Dent Assoc 2021;30(1):70-73.
Evaluation and comparison of expired and extant metformin drug by method validation using UV-VIS spectrophotometry
Authors: Sangeetha Raja  , Kasthuri Natarajan  , Jamuna Rani R
Published: February 2021

Metformin, a widely used antihyperglycemic drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The usage of this therapeutic drug has become more common as the frequency of diabetes mellitus metabolic disorder is high worldwide especially in India. Improper disposal of the expired drug is creating a huge impact in the environment as well as financial prudence for the country. UV-visible spectrophotometry is one of the simple and accurate method for the apposite validation of drug. Our aim is to evaluate and compare the expired and extant metformin drug by UV-visible spectrophotometry. We observed the absorption maxima at 233nm and the resolution of the analyte peak is highly specific for metformin drug. The calibration curve with different concentration of both expired and extant drugs was found to be linear. The repeated interday and intraday measurements of both the drug at 10 ppm concentration were extremely precise and the percentage recovery was accurate by zero order spectroscopy. The drug solution was stable at different time points and the robustness during all variations was not much affected for both the expired and extant metformin drug. We observed the system suitability is satisfactory and fulfilled all the parameters of method validation. The detection and quantification limit of both the drugs was found to be the lowest concentration about 1ppm as an exact value. Our results conclude that there is no significant variation in all the method validation parameters between the 10 years expired and extant metformin drug. This will be helpful to avoid wastage or disposal of enormous expired metformin drug and to reconsider the extension of expiry date by pharmaceutical companies with proper approval of the organizations.
Gracilis Muscle and Myocutaneous Flap
Authors: Ajitsingh P. Chadha  , Nehadeepkaur Chadha  , Khirsagar A. Y.
Published: February 2021

Gracilis muscle is type II muscle flap. Total 16 cases were operated on with Gracilis muscle or myocutaneous flap. Group A – loss of scrotal skin following Fournier’s gangrene. Group B - Traumatic avulsion of the scrotal skin, Group C – Anal incontinence following Surgical repair of imperforate anus. Group D – Carcinoma penis operated for total amputation of the penis. Amputation of the penis. All the patients from Group A did well except for necrosis at the margin of the flaps in two patients. In Group B patient did well without any complication in Group C Three out of five patients did well. Two patients were still incontinent. In Group D, the first patient had a good flap for seven days. Later there was discolouration and on a ninth day, there was complete discolouration of the skin pedicle. Debridement was done, the muscle underneath was viable. A split-thickness skin graft was applied. The graft takes up was good. Within 10 days the muscle contracted too much an extent that the size of the phallus became almost nil.
Congenital peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia in an geriatric Persian cat
Authors: Archanjo Anderson Barros , Azevedo Marcel Arcanjo Silva , Souza Dyeime Ribeiro , Trivilin Leonardo Oliveira , Andrade Júnior Paulo Sérgio Cruz , Amaral Camila Barbosa , Nunes Louisiane Carvalho
Published: February 2021

Peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH) is a rare condition that is caused by defective diaphragm and pericardium development. It occurs in dogs and cats and is most prevalent in Weimaraner and Persian breeds. This study presents the first report of a congenital peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia in a geriatric cat in Espírito Santo in Brazil. A 12-year old male Persian cat was referred to the veterinary hospital. Clinical examination revealed hyporexia, cachexia, alopecia, dyspnea, and an adherent and irregularly shaped nodule in the left caudal breast. Cytopathological examination of the abdominal nodulation revealed a mammary carcinoma. Thoracic radiography revealed PPDH. The animal was euthanized. On necropsy, the abdominal cavity revealed a part of the liver inside the diaphragm, and the thoracic view revealed the heart and liver inside the pericardial sac. Histopathological analysis confirmed mammary carcinoma and revealed dermatophytic pseudomycetoma. This is the first report of PPDH, which was incidentally detected, in a geriatric Persian cat that had survived for several years without diagnosis in Espírito Santo, Brazil. From the observations made, we conclude that comprehensive clinical examination, involving imaging, is important in detecting congenital abnormalities such as PPDH.
Avaliação de um suplemento para animais idosos no tratamento de cães com sinais clínicos sugestivos da Síndrome da Disfunção Cognitiva Canina
Authors: Alfredo Ariane Fortes , Ferrarin Dênis Antonio , Brito Risciela Salardi Alves de , Faria Joice Lara Maia , Verardi Amanda D’ávila , Mueller Eduardo Negri
Published: February 2021

O alto nível de relação entre humanos e animais de companhia intensificou a preocupação de alguns tutores com as desordens relacionadas ao envelhecimento. Durante a velhice, além de mudanças fisiológicas, alterações patológicas como a Síndrome da Disfunção Cognitiva Canina (SDCC) são comuns. Essa doença é caracterizada por processos degenerativos que culminam em perda gradual da função cognitiva, sendo frequentemente confundida com o processo natural de envelhecimento. Neste contexto, objetivou-se avaliar a ação de um suplemento nutricional à base de aminoácidos, prebióticos e ácidos graxos para cães idosos na evolução clínica da SDCC. Foram avaliados 67 cães em idade sênior (> 7 anos) para positividade aos sinais clínicos da SDCC. Posteriormente, os animais positivos (n=15 / 22%) foram alocados em dois grupos experimentais, controle (C) e tratamento (T- utilização do suplemento nutricional). Observou-se melhora, relatada pelos tutores, de sinais clínicos associados à SDCC em 80% dos animais tratados, no entanto mais estudos são necessários para elucidar o efeito de suplementos nutricionais na regressão da sintomatologia clínica de cães com sinais clínicos sugestivos da doença.
Vigo y el cine: Memorias críticas y creativas del cineclub en La Plata
Authors: Aguerre Natalia , Gómez Lía
Published: February 2021

Desde el archivo personal de Edgardo Antonio Vigo ―hoy bajo custo-Desde el archivo personal de Edgardo Antonio Vigo ―hoy bajo custo-dia del Centro de Arte Experimental en su memoria―, se reconstruye la etapa de la historia del movimiento cineclubista plantense, entrelos cincuenta y los sesenta, durante la cual el mencionado artista plás-tico, al margen de los circuitos comerciales, conectó nuevos públicos con las corrientes cinematográficas latinoamericanas y europeas desu tiempo.
Experiencias y retos del Centro de Apoyo Técnico en la investigación integrada en los servicios en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Becerril-Montekio Víctor , Torres-Pereda Pilar , García-Bello Luis Alberto , Alcalde-Rabanal Jacqueline
Published: February 2021

En este artículo se describen los principales modelos de integración, las experiencias de éxito y los retos del trabajo conjunto de los investigadores y los tomadores de decisiones participantes en la iniciativa Incorporación de la Investigación para Avanzar en el Cumplimiento de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ER-SDG), y la experiencia del Centro de Apoyo Técnico (CAT). En junio de 2018 se otorgó financiamiento, previa selección, a 13 proyectos de investigación de 11 países de ingresos medios y bajos de América Latina y el Caribe (Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Guyana, Haití, Paraguay, Perú y República Dominicana). Los proyectos debían estar centrados en los cambios que se requieren a nivel de sistema, políticas o programas para mejorar la salud y basarse en el trabajo conjunto de investigadores y tomadores de decisiones, a fin de acercar la generación de evidencias a la toma de decisiones en los sistemas y servicios de salud. El CAT apoyó y orientó la producción de resultados de calidad y de utilidad para la toma de decisiones. La experiencia confirmó el valor de iniciativas como ER-SDG en la consolidación de puentes entre el mundo de la investigación sobre implementación de políticas, programas y sistemas de salud, y el mundo de los funcionarios encargados de operar esos programas, servicios e intervenciones relacionadas con la salud. Se resalta la necesidad de respetar y aprovechar cada contexto, y los arreglos y patrones específicos de relación entre investigadores y tomadores de decisiones, mediante incentivos para la integración.
Reforming New Zealand's Class Action Procedures to Enhance Efficiency and Improve Access to Justice
Authors:   , Thorne Danielle
Published: February 2021

This thesis addresses the question of whether New Zealand should reform its class action procedures in order to better meet the class action objectives of efficiency and access to justice. Class actions are a mechanism whereby groups of claimants with the same or similar claims can band together and bring proceedings. The ability for groups of similarly affected claimants to bring proceedings together provides certain advantages, including efficiency (both judicial efficiency and cost efficiency) and access to justice (where there may otherwise be none). The existence of a class action mechanism can also have a regulatory effect and serve to discourage illegal or inappropriate conduct.

Currently, New Zealand does not have a dedicated class actions regime, and instead operates a class action type procedure under r 4.24 of the High Court Rules (known as a representative action). A review of the New Zealand position in relation to r 4.24 indicates that while there is a substantial body of law relating to the use of the representative action procedure, the objectives of the representative action procedure are not being met. The lack of legislative guidance in relation to the representative action has created significant difficulties for claimants in New Zealand.

Reforming the New Zealand class action procedure through legislative reform would provide a more efficient procedure and enhance access to justice. Wholesale legislative reform in the form of a dedicated class actions statute would be the best way forward for New Zealand. Legislative reform would need to address particular issues that have arisen in Australia and Ontario, including issues associated with the same interest requirement, opt-in and opt-out mechanisms, settlement requirements and limitation periods. The experience in Ontario and Australia illustrates the importance of ensuring the legislation is as clear as possible, and learning from the experience in those jurisdictions is vital if the objectives of the class action procedure are to be met.
Spatial Translations of Korean Reunification
Authors:   , Jeon Ji Hwan
Published: February 2021

This thesis speculates how architecture can promote the “Sequential Reunification Process” of North and South Korea. Premised on Phase One of the Reunification scheme, it champions progressive unity and proactive disciplinary action. To formalise this vision, it argues the pertinence of Foucault’s “heterotopias” to spatially rationalize and exploit the present state of division.

In anticipation of social diversification, the heterotopian framework embraces the condition of coexistence, to express the prevailing spatio-cultural disparities of each nation. Accordingly, this thesis investigates the function of architecture within the discourse of Korean Reunification, examines the spatial idiosyncrasies of North and South Korea, and subsequently develops two heterotopian interventions.

The two proposals, one superimposed in Seoul, South Korea, and the other in Pyongyang, North Korea, spatially synthesize the dominant ideologies of the “Other”, encompassing an inter-Korean exchange. This juxtaposition of the North into the South, and vice versa, embodies the objective of Phase One, which fosters cultural exchange and mutual understanding of the “Other”.
Systematic review of the epidemiology of a single physical trauma and cancer
Authors: McElvenny Damien M , Davis Alice , Dixon Ken , Alexander Carla , Gupta Girish , Nixon Ioanna , Crawford Joanne
Published: February 2021

Background A systematic review of single physical trauma and cancer was carried out, with a meta-analysis where deemed appropriate. Methods A comprehensive search of the literature including databases such as Medline and Embase identified 1529 potentially relevant papers for inclusion. A further 89 potentially relevant studies were identified from bibliographies. After review of titles and abstracts and then full papers, a total of 77 studies were included in the broader review of trauma and cancer, and 31 of these studies considered single physical trauma and cancer. The searches were carried out in June 2016. Results Although physical trauma as a cause of cancer has been an issue of clinical interest for decades, the epidemiological evidence was sparse. Only for traumatic brain injury and brain cancer was there considered a sufficient number of epidemiological studies for a meta-analysis. A random effects meta-relative risk for glioma from cohort studies was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.49 to 1.88) and 1.53 (95% CI: 1.02 to 2.27) for case-control studies. The equivalent results for meningioma were 1.22 (95% CI: 0.85 to 1.76) and 1.88 (95% CI: 0.84 to 1.49) respectively. Conclusions Further work is required to clarify whether physical trauma has a role in cancer development, perhaps by exploiting trauma registries.
Hubungan pendidikan ibu hamil terhadap persepsi mutu pelayanan pada kunjungan pelayanan antenatal care
Authors: Khasanah Umi
Published: February 2021

Integrated Antenatal Care is a comprehensive and quality antenatal service for all pregnant women provided by trained and professional medical personnel. Providing quality services and services needed by pregnant women will make the perception of pregnant women about Antenatal Care services better. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of education of pregnant women to the perception of service quality at Antenatal Care service visits in the Surakarta Region Health Center. This quantitative research method uses a cross-sectional approach with an accidental sampling technique in sampling so that as many as 108 respondents obtained then the data analysis uses chi-square. The results of this study most of the highly educated pregnant women expressed a good perception about the quality of Antenatal Care Services in the Surakarta Region Health Center. The conclusion of the study is that there is a relationship between the level of education of pregnant women with the perception of service quality at Antenatal Care visits with a p-value of 0.027. The p-value is smaller than 0.05 (0.027 <0.05). Improving the level of education in the community needs to be done so that pregnant women are more understanding and critical about services provided during Antenatal Care visits.
Hubungan umur dan pekerjaan ibu menyusui dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif
Authors: Efriani Rolita , Astuti Dhesi Ari
Published: February 2021

One of the efforts of the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and the World Health Organization (WHO) to reduce the Infant Morbidity and Mortality Rate (IMR) is to recommend that babies should only be breastfed for the first six months of life (exclusive breastfeeding). The coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in the Special Region of Yogyakarta was 73.3%. The lowest was in the city of Yogyakarta at 59.52%. This achievement had not yet reached the government's target of 80%. Puskesmas Umbulharjo 1 is the health center with the lowest exclusive breastfeeding coverage in Yogyakarta City at 39.15%. This study aims to determine the relationship between mothers' age and occupation with exclusive breastfeeding at Puskesmas Umbulharjo 1 Yogyakarta City. This research is an analytic survey with a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 64 mothers was taken from a population of 179 mothers who had babies aged 6-12 months. Data were analyzed by using the Chi-Square test. The results of the analysis of maternal age with exclusive breastfeeding obtained a p-value of 0.007 (p <0.05), while the analysis of maternal age with exclusive breastfeeding showed a p-value of 0.000 (p <0.05). In conclusion, there is a relationship between the mother's age and occupation and exclusive breastfeeding in the working area of Puskesmas Umbulharjo 1 Yogyakarta City
PELAKSANAAN WUDHU TAYAMUM DAN SHOLAT PASIEN DI RUMAH SAKIT
Authors: Azizah Noor , Purnomo Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Perawat sebagai tenaga kesehatan professional mempunyai kesempatan paling besar untuk memberikan pelayanan kesehatan khususnya asuhan keperawatan yang komprehensif meliputi biopsikososiospiritual. Tujuan untuk mengetahu hubungan kemampuan pasien dan peran perawat dalam mengingatkan waktu sholat dengan pelaksanaan wudhu dan sholat pada pasien rawat inap di RSU AIsyiyah Kudus. Metode Observational dengan pendekatan cross sectional sampel 50 pasien rawat inap di RSU Aisyiyah Kudus. Hasil 32 kemampuan berjalan melaksanakan wudhu dan sholat 75% dan tidak melaksanakan 25%. Kemampuan berbaring pada pasien 33% melaksanakan wudhu dan sholat 67%. Peran perawat mengingatkan waktu sholat 82,4% melaksanakan wudhu dan sholat dan perawat yang tidak mengingatkan waktu sholat 12,5% pasien melaksanakan sholat dan 87,5% tidak melaksanakan wudhu dan sholat. ada hubungan kemampuan pasien dengan pelaksanaan wudhu dan sholat (p 0.004), ada hubungan peran perawat dalam mengingatkan waktu sholat dengan pelaksanaan wudhu dan solat (p.0.0001)Kata Kunci — wudhu, tayamum, sholat
HUBUNGAN POLA AKTIVITAS FISIK DENGAN KONSTIPASI PADA IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III DI PUSKESMAS GRIBIG KECAMATAN GEBOG KABUPATEN KUDUS TAHUN 2017
Authors: Hartinah Dewi , Karyati Sri , Rokhani Siti
Published: February 2021

Selama masa kehamilan, tubuh seorang wanita akan mengalami banyak perubahan. Baik perubahan fisik, mood, maupun hormonal. Tentu semua dapat menyebabkan timbulnya bermacam-macam keluhan dan masalah pada kehamilan trimester III diantaranya yaitu sering berkemih, varises, susah buang air besar (konstipasi), wasir, sesak nafas, bengkak dan kram pada kaki, gangguan tidur (mudah Lelah), nyeri perut bawah, dan heartburn. Salah satunya keluhan yang paling sering dikeluhkan yaitu konstipasi atau susah buang ari besar. Konstipasi dapat terjadi selama kehamilan dikarenakan berbagai hal, salah satunya faktor pemicu adalah pola aktivitas fisik. Selama masa kehamilan penurunan pola aktivitas fisik akan berdampak terhadap gerak peristaltik usus sehingga proses transit makanan akan lama dan terjadi konstipasi.Tujuan : Diketahuinya hubungan pola aktivitas fiksik dengan kostipasi pada ibu hamil trimester III di Puskesmas Gribig Kecamatan Gebog Kabupaten Kudus 2017.Metode : Jenis penelitian Analitik Korelasi. Menggunakan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Sampel 46 responden ibu hamil trimester III dengan tekhnik random sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan ada;ah kuesioner. Analisa data univariat dan bivariate. Uji hubungan penelitian ini menggunakan Kendall Tau.Hasil Penelitian : Penelitian tentang hubungan pola aktivitas fisik dengan konstipasi pada ibu hamil trimester III di Puskesmas Gribig Kecamatan Gebog Kabupaten Kudus 2017 dengan uji statistic Kendall Tau di peroleh nilai p (0.0001).Kesimpulan : Ada hubungan pola aktivitas fisik dengan konstipasi pada ibu hamil trimester III di Puskesmas Gribig Kecamatan Gebog Kabupaten Kudus 2017. (Ha diterima, Ho ditolak)Kata Kunci :Pola Aktivitas Fisik, Konstipasi
FAMILY AND COMPANY SUPPORT IN BREASTFEEDING MOTHER WHO WORK
Authors: Chabibah Nur , Kristiyanti Rini
Published: February 2021

Background: Increased female labor is one of the challenges in making the exclusive breastfeeding program successful. Factors that hinder the success of a working mother are short time off work, shorter workplace support, shorter breaks at work, no open space for milking the mother's milk, opposition to the mother's need for increased breastfeeding and production.Objective: To find out the relationship between family support and company support with the performance of working mothers in the Pekalongan Regency.Method: an analytical study related to family and relationships with mother companies in Pekalongan District with cross sectional support. The independent variable in this study is family assistance and company support, while the independent variable is the assistance of working mothers. The population in this study was the study of working mothers in companies in the Pekalongan Regency.Results: analysis with the Chi square test obtained p value of 0.856 (> 0.05) so that it can be concluded that there is no relationship between families support and performance. The analysis with the chi square test obtained a p value of 0.008 (<0.05), which concerns the relationship between corporate support and performance resulting in an odds ratio of 7.87, company support that can produce 8 times the consuming performance gets better.Suggestion: Company leaders need to maintain and improve policies for female employees to facilitate breastfeeding, and also need to be provided with lactation rooms that make it easier for mothers to milk breast milk between working hours.
BERAT PLASENTA DENGAN BERAT BADAN LAHIR BAYI DI RUANG BERSALIN RSUD.DR.LOEKMONO HADI KUDUS
Authors: Hidayah Noor , Suprayitno Noorhadi , Supardi Supardi
Published: February 2021

Berat lahir adalah indikator kesehatan bayi baru lahir. Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin selama kehamilan sangat tergantung pada integritas dan suplai vaskular uteroplasenta. Gangguan pasokan uteroplasenta akan menyebabkan gangguan fungsi plasenta dalam memberikan makanan dan nutrisi yang dibutuhkan untuk janin. Selama pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin dalam rahim. Berat plasenta meningkat karena pembentukan vili. Vilus-villus memainkan peran penting dalam mendistribusikan bahan makanan dan nutrisi yang dibutuhkan untuk janin.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara berat plasenta dan berat lahir bayi di RSUD dr. Loekmono Hadi Kudus.Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik. Dengan pendekatan retrospektif, sampel sebanyak 94 responden melahirkan di RSUD dr. Loekmono Hadi Kudus, sedangkan pemrosesan data dilakukan dengan uji korelasi Rho Spearmen menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS 16. Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi, berat plasenta berhubungan dengan berat lahir bayi di RSUD dr. Loekmono Hadi Kudus dengan p.value: 0,0001 dan r: 0,495. Disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara berat plasenta dan berat lahir bayi di RSUD dr. Loekmono Hadi Kudus pada tahun 2018 dan kekuatan hubungannya sudah cukup.
PENERAPAN NILAI KEISLAMAN MELALUI CARING PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN SPIRITUAL SHOLAT PASIEN RAWAT INAP
Authors: Azizah Noor , Purnomo Muhammad , Wigati Atun
Published: February 2021

One of the spiritual needs of Muslims is prayer. Prayer must be done in a state of illness with different procedures according to ability. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the ability of patients and the role of nurses in the application of Islamic Caring for Spiritual Needs. Cross Sectional Sample 50 people. Chi-Square data analysis. The results of the ability of patients with the fulfillment of the spiritual needs of prayer (p value 0.006 <0.05), the role of nurses in the application of Islamic values through caring with the fulfillment of the spiritual needs of prayer (p value 0.001 <0.05). There is a relationship between the ability of patients and the role of nurses in the application of Islamic values through caring with the fulfillment of the spiritual needs of inpatient prayer.
EVALUASI PROSES SISTEM RUJUKAN BADAN PENYELENGGARA JAMINAN KESEHATAN SOSIAL (BPJS) KESEHATAN DI FASILITAS KESEHATAN TINGKAT PERTAMA (FKTP) KABUPATEN JEPARA
Authors: Indrianingrum Irawati , Puspitasari Indah
Published: February 2021

Pada era globalisasi ini pelayanan kesehatan terus berkembang dan bertambah maju seiring berjalannya waktu. Kesadaran tentang pentingnya jaminan perlindungan sosial terus berkembang sesuai amanat pada perubahan UUD 1945 Pasal 134 ayat 2, yaitu menyebutkan bahwa negara mengembangkan sistem jaminan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia, maka pemerintah bertanggungjawab atas pelaksanaan jaminan kesehatan masyarakat melalui Program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) yang dilaksanakan oleh badan penyelenggara jaminan sosial (BPJS) Kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Mengevaluasi komponen proses dalam Sistem Rujukan Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Kesehatan di Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Pertama (FKTP) Kabupaten Jepara.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling dan dapat dikembangkan lagi dengan teknik snowball.Evaluasi proses sistem rujukan Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Kesehatan di Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Pertama (FKTP) Kabupaten Jepara Terkait indikasi medis adalah sesuai dengan indikasi medis, sesuai kompetensi dan kapasitas dokter yang memeriksa apabila kompetensi diluar 144 diagnosa/jenis penyakit/spesialistik maka pasien dirujuk serta rujukan tidak atas permintan pasien sendiri Sedangkan pada prosedur rujukan BPJS Kesehatan sesuai dengan alur rujukan FKTP dan rujukan dilaksanakan secara berjenjang
A Simplified Frequency Model for Industrial Common-Mode Chocks Used in High-Power Converters
Authors: Zarei Seyed Fariborz , Khankalantary Saeed
Published: February 2021

This paper proposes a simplified analytical model for electromagnetic interference (EMI) filters used in high-power converters. Highpower converters produce radio frequency conducted noise because they use high-frequency switching in the range of a few kHz to tens of kHz. The noise propagates into the power grid, which disturbs the functionality of the radio frequency apparatuses. Well-known standards, such as CISPR, provide the measurement and assessment methodologies for these devices. Moreover, the emission level of the noise is restricted at the source side. Using EMI filters is the most effective approach for dealing with this issue. However, due to the nonlinear nature of the common-mode (CM) cores, the modeling of the cores is a complicated task, which makes the selection and design of the filters less than optimal. In this paper, an analytical modeling of the CM filters is provided to suit the nonlinear frequency-dependent behavior of the CM cores. The simplicity of the proposed model makes it a very suitable choice for inclusion in the design procedures, which results in a more accurate and optimum filter selection among the many available commercial industrial filters. To validate the proposed model, the frequency-dependent model obtained is verified by experimental tests with a commercial CM choke. According to the results, the proposed model accurately describes the actual EMI filter behavior.
Poetry as a de-fossilizing force in teaching Polish grammar to the advanced users of Polish as a foreign language
Authors: Wysocka-Narewska Marzena
Published: February 2021

The aim of the paper is to suggest ways of using poetry as a defossilizing force motivating students to reflect on grammar and its most problematic issues. Having presented learners’ fossilized language competence in terms of grammar, involving examples of inaccuracies and/or understatements manifested by the advanced learners of Polish as a foreign language (146 students of the Polish Language Course attending the School of Polish Language and Culture at the University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland), suggestions for teachers of Polish as a foreign language and students themselves are offered. These include a few examples of activities based on poems believed to be perfect de-fossilizing teaching materials.