bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Squat Technique—Revisited
Authors: Comfort Paul , McMahon John J. , Suchomel Timothy J.
Published: May 2018

THE BACK SQUAT IS THE CORNERSTONE OF MANY STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING PROGRAMS, WITH INCREASES IN BACK SQUAT STRENGTH ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVEMENTS IN ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE. A VARIETY OF BACK SQUAT TECHNIQUES HAVE BEEN DESCRIBED THROUGHOUT THE LITERATURE AND CAN BE OBSERVED ON SOCIAL MEDIA AND IN STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING FACILITIES, WITH NO CURRENT CONSENSUS REGARDING OPTIMAL TECHNIQUE. BASED ON CURRENTLY AVAILABLE EVIDENCE, A FULL DEPTH SQUAT, WITH A NATURAL FOOT POSITION, APPROXIMATELY SHOULDER-WIDTH APART, WITH UNRESTRICTED ANTERIOR MOVEMENT OF THE KNEES, AN UPRIGHT TRUNK, WITH A FORWARD AND UPWARD GAZE IS RECOMMENDED. THESE RECOMMENDATIONS SHOULD PERMIT INDIVIDUALIZATION BASED ON INDIVIDUAL ANTHROPOMETRICS. FOR A VIDEO ABSTRACT OF THIS ARTICLE, SEE SUPPLEMENTAL DIGITAL CONTENT 1 SEE VIDEO, HTTP://LINKS.LWW.COM/SCJ/A241.
Nanolubrication Mechanisms: Influence of Size and Concentration of CuO Nanoparticles
Authors: Alves Salete Martins , Silva e Mello Valdicleide , Sinatora Amilton
Published: May 2018

In nanolubrication, friction-reduction and anti-wear behaviors are dependent on the characteristics of nanoparticles, such as size, shape, and concentration. Some mechanisms of friction-reduction and anti-wear of NNP in lubricant have been reported as protective film, rolling effect, polishing or smoothing effect, mending effect, and the third body. Thus, this work studied differences in nanolubrication mechanism as functions of size and concentration of CuO NNP added in synthetic oil. Three levels of concentration and size were evaluated: 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 % wt., and 2.5, 4.4, and 8.7 nm, respectively. The methodology was divided into three steps: first, the preparation of CuO NNP from an alcohol-thermal method. These were characterized by XRD (X-ray diffraction) and TEM (Transmission electron microscopy). The second part was constituted by evaluation of lubricant with NNP by a tribological test, which was carried out under boundary lubrication conditions in high frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) equipment. The last step was the characterization of the wear mechanism; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy aided to identify tribochemistry interactions between nanolubricant and steel surface. The results showed that the concentration of NNP influenced wear: low concentration decreased the wear and promoted a smooth surface, while more plastic deformation was observed in high concentration. For the NNP size, the smallest size corresponded to the lowest friction coefficient. The best results were obtained for nanolubricant with a concentration of 0.1 % wt. and a NNP size of 2.5 nm.
Arabs, Turks, and Monkeys
Authors: Tamari Salim
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines the evolution of Filistin as a region, as well as the various usages of the term Filistin in late Ottoman cartography and ethnography of Syria. Beginning with the sixteenth century, and possibly earlier, the term Filistin was systematically used to designate the southern Syrian districts—often referring to the region equivalent to the Holy Land in European and biblical travel literature. Both in travel and cartographic publications, the terms Syria and Palestine (Filistin) were used frequently, together and separately, to designate the Shami sanjaqs. Meanwhile, in Ottoman and Egyptian Khedival mapping, the border separating Palestine from Syria was amorphous and overlapping, depending on the political context.
A Farcical Moment
Authors: Tamari Salim
Published: May 2018

This chapter discusses Muhammad Kurd Ali's leadership of a large number of journalists, preachers, poets, and writers from Syria and Palestine who were mobilized in support of the war effort in the Dardanelles. The two compendiums produced for this event (covering the Anatolian and the Hijazi expeditions) address Turkish perception of the Arabs, and Arab perception of the Turks within the Ottoman sultanate, and the possibilities of a future Turkish–Syrian Federation after the war. Even though the language and ideological references of the expeditions are outdated today, they nevertheless reveal hidden agendas and concerns that were uppermost in the minds of the Ottoman leadership.
The Eugenesis of Beauty
Authors: Jarrín Alvaro
Published: May 2018

This chapter, which is based on archival research, demonstrates that beauty developed as a central concern for the Brazilian eugenics movement in the early twentieth century as it became associated with improved hygienic practices and ongoing racial mixture, which eugenicists believed would inevitably whiten the nation as whole. The beauty of women—as the imagined bearers of future generations and as the objects of (male) medical scrutiny—was of particular concern. In other words, female beauty came to be understood as a symbol of the nation's progress, and beautification practices such as plastic surgery were lauded as sensible hygienic practices that aided the work of miscegenation.
The Raciology of Beauty
Authors: Jarrín Alvaro
Published: May 2018

This chapter addresses the racial logic that underpins the contemporary construction of beauty as a national health concern. Plastic surgeons portray their work as complementing the work of Brazilian miscegenation by correcting mistakes resulting from racial mixture. These corrections, however, always presume a higher desirability for whiter facial features, based on an aesthetic hierarchy that devalues and medicalizes non-European features, such as the diagnosable “negroid nose.” This raciology of beauty, however, also relies on more diffuse forms of racialized affect, which blur the boundaries between bodies and thus produce whiteness as a fragile quality, as demonstrated by upper- and middle-class patients who seek beauty in order to differentiate themselves from the black body of the mulatta.
Walt Disney’s Saludos Amigos
Authors: Hess Carol A.
Published: May 2018

This chapter explores the music of Walt Disney's animated feature Saludos Amigos (1942). It first surveys the principal trends in music and Pan Americanism during the Good Neighbor period. It then analyzes the music, folkloric and otherwise, and relates it to the film's visual and narrative elements, connecting it to broader themes in Pan Americanist discourse. In addition, it reflects on authenticity in terms of Pan Americanism, that is, a yearning for a “genuine culture of the Americas.” It is argued that, whatever authenticity Saludos Amigos proffered through its music, the film as a whole served mainly as a tool of strictly one-sided propaganda in favor of the United States and the war effort. Authenticity, always an elastic term, becomes even more so when paired with the tools of propaganda, especially as fashioned by Hollywood.
Blood for Thought
Authors: Balberg Mira
Published: May 2018

Blood for Thought delves into a relatively unexplored area of classical rabbinic literature: the vast corpus of laws, regulations, and instructions pertaining to sacrificial rituals. The book traces and analyzes the ways in which the early rabbis interpreted and conceived of biblical sacrifices, and examines sacrifice and worship in the temple as sites through which the rabbis negotiated new and old intellectual, political, and religious ideas and practices. In its focus on legal-ritual texts and in its cultural orientation, this book diverges from the prevalent approach to the cessation of sacrifice in early Judaism. Rather than viewing the rabbinic project as an attempt to transform a sacrificial religion into a non-sacrificial religion, Blood for Thought argues that the rabbis developed anewsacrificial vision. This new sacrificial vision does not seek to “substitute” obsolete sacrificial practices, but rather to rearrange, reframe, and redefine sacrifice as a critically important component of social and religious life. The book argues that through their seemingly technical legal and ritual discussions, the rabbis present remarkably innovative perspectives on sacrifices and radical interpretations of biblical cultic institutions, and that their reinvention of sacrifice gives this practice new meanings within the greater context of the rabbis’ political and religious ideology.
Destroying Yemen
Authors: Blumi Isa
Published: May 2018

The objective of Destroying Yemen is to put South Arabia within a framework of analysis that permits new ways to explore the global transformations driven by “liberalism and market economics” during the 1900-2017 period. Of concern are the kinds of interactions between external parties, primarily driven by globalist doctrines seeking to extract the considerable surplus wealth produced in South Arabia. Crucially, the response from Yemen’s indigenous peoples appears to have global significance. Long self-sufficient and often themselves actively engaged in dynamic trans-regional relations that pre-date the ascendency of global capitalism, looking closely at how Yemenis confront and until now, resist globalist encroachments presents us an opportunity to reinterpret recent events in Yemen and the larger world since the Cold War. In particular, this book analyzes post-war Yemen through its close association with, among other things, a neo-liberal model of economic “development” that ultimately arrives in Yemen via various channels—Egypt’s invasion in 1962, Takfiri violence with Saudi support, and neoliberal “reforms” introduced by stealth over a period of 30 years. The fact that Yemen played an important role in shaping the trajectory of what were global visions for imposing Euro-American power throughout the Middle East, may prove invaluable to a broad range of scholars interested in studying the modern world from the perspective of indigenous agents.
Fetal over- and undernutrition differentially program thyroid axis adaptability in adult sheep
Authors: Johnsen L , Lyckegaard N B , Khanal P , Quistorff B , Raun K , Nielsen M O
Published: May 2018

Objective

We aimed to test, whether fetal under- or overnutrition differentially program the thyroid axis with lasting effects on energy metabolism, and if early-life postnatal overnutrition modulates implications of prenatal programming.

Design

Twin-pregnant sheep (n = 36) were either adequately (NORM), under- (LOW; 50% of NORM) or overnourished (HIGH; 150% of energy and 110% of protein requirements) in the last-trimester of gestation. From 3 days-of-age to 6 months-of-age, twin lambs received a conventional (CONV) or an obesogenic, high-carbohydrate high-fat (HCHF) diet. Subgroups were slaughtered at 6-months-of-age. Remaining lambs were fed a low-fat diet until 2½ years-of-age (adulthood).

Methods

Serum hormone levels were determined at 6 months- and 2½ years-of-age. At 2½ years-of-age, feed intake capacity (intake over 4-h following 72-h fasting) was determined, and an intravenous thyroxine tolerance test (iTTT) was performed, including measurements of heart rate, rectal temperature and energy expenditure (EE).

Results

In the iTTT, the LOW and nutritionally mismatched NORM:HCHF and HIGH:CONV sheep increased serum T3, T3:T4 and T3:TSH less than NORM:CONV, whereas TSH was decreased less in HIGH, NORM:HCHF and LOW:HCHF. Early postnatal exposure to the HCHF diet decreased basal adult EE in NORM and HIGH, but not LOW, and increased adult feed intake capacity in NORM and LOW, but not HIGH.

Conclusions: The iTTT revealed a differential programming of central and peripheral HPT axis function in response to late fetal malnutrition and an early postnatal obesogenic diet, with long-term implications for adult HPT axis adaptability and associated consequences for adiposity risk.
Costa Rica 2016: Elecciones, partidos cantonales y autonomía local
Authors: Frajman Eduardo
Published: May 2018

La presencia e importancia de los partidos políticos cantonales en Costa Rica han crecido en la últimas dos décadas. El presente estudio bosqueja la participación de partidos cantonales en las elecciones municipales del 2016 y analiza el papel que, desde su perspectiva, juegan en la arena política nacional. El estudio se basa en el análisis cualitativo de informes mediáticos, documentos oficiales de los partidos y entrevistas telefónicas con líderes partidarios. La principal conclusión es que los partidos cantonales se consideran partícipes en un proceso de redemocratización nacional fundamentado en la actividad política local de base. Son conscientes, al mismo tiempo, de los importantes obstáculos que les impiden adquirir protagonismo en la política nacional.
El Estado, la élite y las comunidades: Los contratos en torno a la explotación de la madreperla en el Pacífico de Costa Rica (siglos XIX y XX)
Authors: Payne Iglesias Elizet
Published: May 2018

Este estudio tiene como fin mostrar, a través del análisis de los contratos otorgados por el Estado para la explotación de la madreperla, los privilegios concedidos a la élite costarricense y a los inversionistas extranjeros, en detrimento de las formas tradicionales de aprovechamiento del recurso por parte de las comunidades costeras del Pacífico; estas reaccionaron en defensa de sus intereses patrimoniales utilizando diversos medios; entre ellos, la presión directa o indirecta, mediante la gestión de cartas dirigidas a las autoridades nacionales y locales.
"Mujeres de las fronteras. Subjetividad, migración y trabajo doméstico". Roxana Hidalgo Xirinach. Costa Rica: EUCR, 2016
Authors: Sagot Montserrat
Published: May 2018

El libro de Roxana Hidalgo Xirinachs, Mujeres de las fronteras. Subjetividad, migración y trabajo doméstico, es elaborado a partir de las historias de vida de un grupo de mujeres nicaragüenses que se desplazaron a Costa Rica durante las últimas dos décadas y que se han desempeñado como trabajadoras domésticas. En el texto, Roxana Hidalgo no solo se acerca a las experiencias subjetivas de estas mujeres en el contexto actual de la globalización neoliberal, sino que también ahonda en las características específicas de las cadenas transnacionales de cuidados entre Nicaragua y Costa Rica.
Pieles de papel
Authors: González Ulloa Rodolfo
Published: May 2018

Representación teatral de un acto.
Costa Rica y el proceso de producción del TLC: Estrategias de socialización profesional y nuevas élites estatales
Authors: Molina Alfaro Eugenia
Published: May 2018

A través de un estudio de caso sobre los principales integrantes del equipo costarricense negociador del TLC entre Centroamérica, República Dominicana y Estados Unidos, este artículo estudia cuáles fueron los mecanismos y las estrategias a través de las cuales ellos se constituyeron en actores influyentes de las políticas de desarrollo impulsadas en los últimos veinte años. Se argumenta sobre la socialización profesional anticipatoria como el mecanismo de adopción de ideas que les facilitó a su vez el ascenso profesional dentro de una nueva élite estatal. Se muestra cómo las estrategias de ascenso personal de estos individuos devienen en procesos de institucionalización de ciertas prácticas profesionales, al estilo de lo que Adler y Haas denominan una comunidad epistémica y que finalmente contribuyen en la producción de políticas y en la consolidación del nuevo rostro del Estado costarricense.
La población indígena de Costa Rica en el siglo XVI al momento del contacto con los europeos
Authors: Solórzano Fonseca Juan Carlos
Published: May 2018

Durante las últimas tres décadas se ha afirmado que la población indígena de Costa Rica al momento del contacto con los europeos en el siglo XVI ascendía a unos 400 000 habitantes. Un siglo atrás el obispo-investigador Bernardo Augusto Thiel había propuesto la cifra de 27 000 habitantes en los territorios correspondientes a la República de Costa Rica, cifra que se consideró errónea. En este trabajo se plantea que los cálculos de Thiel son más concordantes con el análisis de la información etnohistórica, con las investigaciones arqueológicas recientes, así como con las investigaciones antropológicas relativas a los cacicazgos.
Base de datos de foráneos
Authors: Molina Jiménez Iván
Published: May 2018

Base de datos de foráneos por Iván Molina Jiménez
LA EVALUACIÓN DE LA PERCEPCIÓN ESPACIAL Y EL PESO CARTOGRÁFICO DE LOS NÓDULOS DEL ÍNDICO Y PACÍFICO, SIGLOS XVI-XVIII*.
Authors: Picazo Muntaner Antoni
Published: May 2018

El trabajo que presentamos es una análisis pormenorizado de la evolución espacial que el hombre europeo desarrolló de los grandes nódulos comerciales del sudeste asiático. Partiendo de un análisis teórico, y analizando 250 mapas, hemos secuenciado el proceso de percepción geográfica y mercantilentre 1500 y 1800. Por ello hemos realizado dos cómputos: el peso cartográfico absoluto de losgrandes puertos y, en segundo lugar, el peso cartográfico relativo. Ello nos permite saber que era loque se “percibía” y determinar el “ritmo” de la evolución de la percepción espacial.
Educação integral e de qualidade: no renovar das experiências, a busca de novos caminhos.
Authors: Haygertt Rosa Beatriz Oliveira , Titton Maria Beatriz Pauperio
Published: May 2018

Esta pesquisa analisa as mudanças ocorridas na qualidade de ensino da escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Major Antônio de Alencar, da cidade de Osório/ RS, através da implantação do projeto Escola de Turno Integral.  Realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o contexto histórico e as concepções de Educação Integral no Brasil e através da pesquisa qualitativa com referências nas obras de Godoy (1995), Brandão (2000) e Ludke & André (2003). Os fenômenos foram estudados a partir da participação ativa do pesquisador no contexto da escola, sob a perspectiva da pesquisa Qualitativa. A escola analisada faz parte do projeto Programa Mais Educação do Governo Federal que prevê a oferta de educação integral.O debate sobre o ensino em período integral tem sido constante no contexto nacional de políticas públicas. Por isso, a pesquisa ajuda-nos a compreender melhor estes fenômenos.
Empoderamento de mulheres jovens em comunidades de fé: Análise de 2 Samuel 13, 1-22 a partir de uma perspectiva de gênero
Authors: Reyes Andrea Ferraro
Published: May 2018

Elaborar uma releitura em chave de gênero da passagem de 2 Samuel 13, 1-22 nos permite abordar um tópico que continua a gerar temores entre as mulheres crentes em diversas comunidades de fé: violência intrafamiliar e abuso sexual. Com base nas leituras da passagem em diferentes versões bíblicas, e em várias metodologias hermenêuticas na chave de gênero, se delineia uma construção de forma básica em direção ao texto, a fim de oferecer uma perspectiva que permita o enfoque do problema de modo integral.
Gravidez Real de Maria: uma metodologia para afastar o machismo da fé cristã
Authors: Guedes Helena
Published: May 2018

Este artigo aborda o machismo presente na forma como as comunidades cristãs, de modo geral, interpretam a Bíblia, deixando de observar o contexto histórico da época em que Jesus e Maria viveram, ignorando a opressão sofrida por meninas adolescentes, vítimas de estupro e demais tipos de violência, o que pode explicar a concepção real de Jesus, através de um estupro ou de uma conjunção carnal consentida. Busca-se mostrar que as mesmas estruturas de opressão machista ainda se fazem presentes atualmente, prejudicando o pleno desenvolvimento de meninas e meninos. Critica-se a omissão das comunidades cristãs, mantendo-se o pudor e o silêncio que servem de ferramenta para a opressão patriarcal.
Selected Instruments for Protecting Consumer Rights in Contracts for the Provision of Telecommunications Services Concluded in Unusual Circumstances
Authors: Kukuryk Piotr
Published: May 2018

In contractual practice, the contract for the provision of telecommunications services is sometimes concluded in circumstances unusual for the consumer (outside of business premises or at a distance). This fact justifies an attempt to guage the impact of the Consumer Rights Act as of 2014 on the application of the provisions of the Telecommunications Act that govern contracts for the provision of telecommunications services. This requires, above all, a determination of the relation of these two acts of law, in particular, the criteria for their mutual separation. The settlement of this issue is an introduction to further discussions devoted to the analysis of the selected problems (due to the frames of this study) arising from the application of the Consumer Rights Act to the contracts for the provision of telecommunications services. They relate, among others, to the implementation of the obligation on the part of the telecommunication operator to provide information, as well as to the rules of changing the terms of a contract for the provision of telecommunications services.
Zaangażowanie w pracę w perspektywie psychologii pozytywnej
Authors: Makowski Mariusz
Published: May 2018

Job involvement, understood as one form of commitment – alongside organisational commitment, professional commitment and supervision – is the one most linked with a person’s behaviour. It results from individual characteristics (attitudes, motivation) determinants as well as social-system factors (management style, organisational culture, well-being). Developing this type of commitment in reference to the concept of positive psychology makes not only tangible assets easily calculated in business, but generates intangible assets that may help raise employee well-being and happiness. Positive psychology, at the beginning of the century described the specifics of the states of optimal experience (“flow”) in which people act at the limits of their capabilities, reaching out with their most specialised resources and, in turn, gaining significant gratification as a result of the mere act of “high turnover”. The article develops the following theses: job commiment correlates positively not only with the quality of work but also with personal well-being (happiness), job commitment may be conceptualised by state of optimal experience (absorption), in the organisational perspective it should be essential to promote the achievement of “flow” experiences by employees as well as to identify and use their signature strengths.
Determination of the Effects of Mineral on Seed Yield by Different Statistic Methods in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Drought Conditions
Authors: OLGUN Murat , SEZER Okan , TURAN Metin , BUDAK BAŞÇİFTÇİ Zekiye , AYTER ARPACIOĞLU Nazife Gözde , ARDIÇ Murat , KOYUNCU Onur
Published: May 2018

The
purpose of this study is to determine the effect of minerals (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) on yield components by different statistical
methods and this will help to understand efficiency of them in breeding
programs. This study was carried out in the location of Eskişehir
Osmangazi University, Faculty of Agriculture, in 2014-15 arid cropping seasons.
Success mainly depends on power of effectiveness parameters used and
statistical methods could be safely used to reveal effectiveness of parameters
in the breeding programs. Results of correlation, cluster, principal component
and conditional formatting analyses revealed that with in the efficiency limits
(between the lowest dose and toxicity level) integrative effects of minerals
were determined. This means that behavior of minerals among genotypes are mainly
similar. some minerals called MEPG
(N, P, K, Ca, S and Zn) are mostly effective in growth, others called MECA (Mg, Fe, Mn and Cu) are mostly
effective in photosynthesis, and 0,767 unit increase MEGA and 0,481 unit in MECA
increases result in 1 unit increase in the grain yield. Harmankaya, Sultan,
Müfitbey and Tosunbey were found as higher performance and stabile bread wheat
genotypes. To determine the changes of the minerals in the genotypes, are
important for definig their effect on yield as well as the yield components.
Obtained data will make contributions to the success of breeding programs that
will be done in the future.
R^2 de Bir n-li Eğri Ailesinin Afin Diferansiyel İnvaryantları
Authors: GÖZÜTOK Uğur , SAĞIROĞLU Yasemin
Published: May 2018

Bu çalışmada  tane eğrinin üreteç diferansiyel invaryantları
belirlenmiş olup, bu üreteç kümesinin fonksiyonel bağımsız olduğu
gösterilmiştir. Ayrıca bu diferansiyel invaryantlar kullanılarak  de iki tane li
eğri ailesinin denklik problemi araştırılmıştır.
Sinnamaldehitin yeni schiff bazlarının sentezi ve antioksidan özelliklerinin incelenmesi
Authors: Zengin Kurt Belma
Published: May 2018

Bu çalışmada, sinnamaldehitin 9
yeni schiff bazı sentezlenmiş ve bu bileşiklerin 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil radikal söndürücü kapasitesi
(DPPH), Troloks eşdeğeri antioksidan
kapasitesi (ABTS) ve bakır (II)
iyonu indirgeyici antioksidan kapasitesi (CUPRAC) olmak üzere üç farklı
yöntemle antioksidan aktivite özellikleri incelenmiştir. Bu bileşiklerin içinde
(2,3-dihidroksibenziliden)amino)fenil)-5-fenilpenta-2,4-dien-1-on
(4c) bileşiği her üç yönteme göre oldukça etkin bir şekilde antioksidan
özellik göstermiştir. Ayrıca sentezlenen bileşiklerin yapı aktivite ilişkisi
incelenerek bileşiklerin sahip oldukları grupların antioksidan aktiviteyi hangi
yönde etkilediği ortaya konulmuştur.
Role of Ag and tannin modification on photocatalytic and antibacterial properties of ZnO nanoplates
Authors: Güy Nuray , Çakar Soner , Atacan Keziban
Published: May 2018

This study represents the removal of malachite
green (MG) from aqueous solution using ZnO,
Ag/ZnO, ZnO/tannin and Ag/ZnO/tannin. The products were synthesized by microwave-hydrothermal and
borohydride reduction method and they were characterized by optical,
structural, morphological, antibacterial and photocatalytic features.  Additionally, the antibacterial studies of the
prepared products were examined against Escherichia coli (E. Coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)
and Candida by the well diffusion method. Among the products, Ag/ZnO exhibits the highest photocatalytic activity.
The photodegradation efficiency of 98.68% was recorded for Ag/ZnO after 30 min.
Moreover, improved antibacterial activity of Ag/ZnO/tannin against E. Coli, S. aureus and Candida is observed. And it was found that Ag/ZnO/tannin had
more excellent antibacterial activity compared to others. It has been found
that the prepared products can be used in potential applications such decompose
of dye pollutants and destruction of pathogen bacteria and fungi.
A novel micropump design: Investigation of the voltage effect on the net flow rate
Authors: ASADI DERESHGI Hamid , YILDIZ Mustafa Zahid
Published: May 2018

A low cost piezoelectric micropump was designed and
fabricated to supply fluid flow rate in micro-sizes and for use in medical
purposes. It was designed as disposable in order to prevent contamination and
infection. The micropump was fabricated with the Objet260 Connex3
multi-material 3D printer, which was very precise and sensitive. The
piezoelectric was selected as an actuator to drive the diaphragm of this
micropump. The piezoelectric diameter was 14mm, the thickness was 200 µm and
the operating voltages were between 5V-55V. According to the experiments
results, the air in the chamber caused reduction of the net flow rate of the
micropump. Therefore, we eliminated the air inside the chamber with ethanol
before the experiments. In the proposed micropump, we obtained the highest net
flow rate and the maximum displacement of diaphragm at 55V that were 40.3ml/min
and 2.64µm respectively.
Improving The Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Blade Profiles
Authors: YİĞİT Cemil
Published: May 2018

Due
to greenhouse gases, we feel the effects of global warming more and more every
day, so we need far more efficient Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWTs). This
study was carried out to develop turbine blades with higher momentum
coefficient (Cm) for the HAWTs. For this purpose, the blade profile that has
higher performance was improved using Taguchi and Computational Fluid Dynamics
(CFD) methods. With reference to the NACA 0012 profile, changing the upper and
lower cambers of the profile derived the new blade profiles. Using the Taguchi
method, the optimum blade profile with a maximum Cm coefficient was obtained.
After the profile to be used on the turbine blades is determined, the blades
are designed with the Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory. A 3-dimensional
model for the HAWTs is developed using ANSYSv.16.2/Fluent Software. CFD
analyses were performed using a sliding mesh approach to get more realistic and
reliable results and to gain more knowledge of the performance. Numerical
analysis results show that power coefficient (Cp) of the optimum profile is
increased by 7.42% according to the NACA 0012 profile.
Psychrophiles: Ecological significance and potential industrial application
Authors: Hamdan Amira
Published: May 2018

The bulk of earth’s biosphere is cold (5 °C) that sustains a broad diversity of microbial life by triggering physiological response(s) to ensure survival in cold and frozen ecosystems. The strategy of adaptation to cold environments includes changes in membrane composition and induction of a set of specific cold-active proteins, polyunsaturated lipids and exopolysaccharides. These adaptive features provide an enormous natural reservoir of enzymes that function effectively in cold environments, and these coldactive enzymes have been targeted for innovative applications useful to humankind. This review provides an overview of the existence, distribution and adaptation strategies of psychrophilic microorganisms worldwide with great emphasis on their recently emerged industrial applications in the textile industry, food and dairy industry, brewing and wine industry, laundry detergent industry, and others. The bulk of earth’s biosphere is cold 5 °C that sustains a broad diversity of microbial life by triggering physiological response(s) to ensure survival in cold and frozen ecosystems. The strategy of adaptation to cold environments includes changes in membrane composition and induction of a set of specific cold-active proteins, polyunsaturated lipids and exopolysaccharides. These adaptive features provide an enormous natural reservoir of enzymes that function effectively in cold environments, and these coldactive enzymes have been targeted for innovative applications useful to humankind. This review provides an overview of the existence, distribution and adaptation strategies of psychrophilic microorganisms worldwide with great emphasis on their recently emerged industrial applications in the textile industry, food and dairy industry, brewing and wine industry, laundry detergent industry, and others.

Significance:

The outcome of these studies may also help in the exploration of the possibility of life in distant frozen planets.
Genotyping protocol for detection of polymorhisms at codons 146 (N/S/D), 211 (R/Q) and 222 (Q/K) in the caprine PRNP gene v1
Authors: Ekateriniadou Loukia , Boukouvala Evridiki
Published: May 2018

This Real-Time PCR genotyping protocol can be used for the detection of polymorphisms at codons 146 (N/S/D), 211 (R/Q) and 222 (Q/K) in the caprine PRNP gene. We developed four seperate Real-Time PCR reactions with four different CustomTaqMan®SNP Genotyping Assays (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California, USA). Each SNP Genotyping Assay consisted of a mix of sequence-specific forward and reverse primers to amplify the polymorphic sequence of interest and twoTaqMan®MGB probes, FAM and VIC dye-labeled to detect the amplified product.
Isolation of total RNA from Synechocystis (PGTX method) v1
Authors: Behle Anna , DD Dienst Dennis , Eriksson Hanna
Published: May 2018

Isolation of 40-200 µg of total RNA from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Can be used for standard applications such as Northern Blot and qPCR.
APPROACHES AND SOLUTIONS FOR SIGN LANGUAGE RECOGNITION PROBLEM
Authors: Zorins Aleksejs , Grabusts Pēteris
Published: May 2018

The goal of the paper is reviewing several aspects of Sign Language Recognition problems focusing on Artificial Neural Network approach. The lack of automated Latvian Sign Language has identified and proposals of how to develop such a system have made. Tha authors use analytical, statistical methods as well as practical experiments with neural network software. The main results of the paper are description of main Sign Language Recognition problem solving methods with Artificial Neural Networks and directions of future work based on authors’ previous expertise.
WORKLOADS OF YOUNG SOCCER PLAYERS
Authors: Pilis Karol , Stec Krzysztof , Witkowski Zbigniew , Stanula Arkadiusz , Gabrys Tomasz , Mikołajec Kazimierz
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this study is to present a comparison of the workload demonstrated by young soccer players during the phases of warm-up (WU), first half (FH) and second half (SH) of a league match. Eleven young Polish soccer players took part in this research, playing a league match after completing the WU. During the WU, FH and SH of the match the following variables were recorded: total distance run, maximal and average speed achieved during the runs, number of sprints, distances run in the different speed zones, durations of increased heart rate (HR) in specific ranges, and the maximal, mean and minimal HR. The variables were recorded by means of the Global Positioning System (GPS). The research showed that there were significant differences between the WU, FH and SH in the total distances run (F=30.107, p0.001), the average speed achieved during the runs (F=37.731, p0.001), the distances run at different speeds (p0.001), the duration of increased HR in specific zones, and HRmean (p=0.002) and HRmin (p0.001). Post hoc analysis confirmed that, for the majority of the analyzed parameters, the WU provided a smaller load for the body than did the FH or SH, the intensity of which in some part was higher than that encountered at the anaerobic threshold. In conclusion, it has been shown that the WU and the two halves of the match load the body to varying degrees, the former doing so to a lesser extent than FH or SH.
COMPENSATION OF EDUCATIONAL DEFICIENCIES IN CHILDREN STAYING IN FOSTER CARE IN BIALAPODLASKAPOVIAT
Authors: Ruszkowska Marzena Urszula , Wołosiuk Beata , Sobczuk Sebastian , Zdunkiewicz Piotr
Published: May 2018

The material for the article was created as part of the project "Education, levelling developmental and educational deficits of charges of family-run children’s houses and care and educational institutions (based on the example of Biała Podlaska poviat)" implemented by the Department of Pedagogy of Higher State School in Biała Podlaska. Two methods: diagnostic survey and study of individual cases were used in the research, using proprietary questionnaires for charges, interview questionnaires with educators of care and educational centres and family facilities, an observation sheet and talks with coordinators and directors of the examined institutions. The research was carried out in Biała Podlaska poviat in three care and educational centres and three family-run children's homes. The subject of the article was to implement the educational needs of foster care children, including the issue of levelling educational gaps. The aim of the study was to determine whether educational deficiencies are noticeable there, what is the compensation of these deficiencies in family and institutional settings, if any of these forms is more favourable, what factors affect the proper satisfaction of educational needs? The analysis of the results made it possible to conclude that educational needs are realized in both care and educational centres and in family-run children’s homes, the beneficiaries of both forms exhibit numerous educational deficiencies conditioned by previous educational negligence. Compensation of educational deficiencies is more beneficial in family care. The basic forms of compensating for gaps include: tutoring, compensatory classes, individual caregiver work with a child, colleague self-help, voluntary activities.
HEALTHY LIFESTYLE IN LITHUANIA AND LATVIA STUDENT POPULATION IN THE CONTEXT OF INDIVIDUAL VALUES
Authors: Kinderis Remigijus , Danielienė Jūratė
Published: May 2018

It is believed that the greatest impact on health is done by lifestyle, which is perceived as the habits and customs as the whole, exposed and amplified by socialization process during all human life. The research problem is formulated under the following main question: How healthy lifestyle is expressed when studying at a higher education institution? The aim of the research - to reveal the healthy lifestyle expression of students in tourism and recreation study programmes in the context of individual values. Research methodological substantiation: quantitative and qualitative research accessibility. Methods: individual expert interview (with higher school representatives) and anonymous questionnaire (students). It was established that: the main determinants of a healthy lifestyle are qualities of character, lifestyle, social environment, motivation, knowledge, communication with parents, other family members and surrounding people; the student’s choice of lifestyle is mostly determined by family and friends, in other words, those who surround them constantly; health value cherished in the family encourages students at least partially to live according to the principles of a healthy lifestyle. Also, lack of motivation, time and finances leads to and the indifference of the respondents to live according to the principles of a healthy lifestyle.
FORMULATIONS OF THE MAIN GOAL IN LIFE: A QUALITATIVE CONTENT ANALYSIS
Authors: Koļesovs Aleksandrs , Salima Irina , Maskovs Andris
Published: May 2018

Humanistic tradition emphasizes the main goal in life as something towards which people determine themselves. The main goal (or a group of goals with the highest priority) provides the basis for the sense of purpose in life and for development of its meaning. This study aimed at revealing categories in formulations of the main goal in life. Participants were 226 adults aged from 18 to 69 (M = 25.34, SD = 8.51, 65% females). They answered an open question: “Kā Jūs raksturotu galveno dzīves mērķi? Lūdzu, padalieties ar savām pārdomām. [How could You describe the main goal in life? Please, share your opinion.]” The qualitative content analysis resulted in 29 categories. Inter-rater agreement among three raters was acceptable and varied from .72 to 1.00 (the mean Krippendorff’s alpha was .88). Work, Family, and Satisfaction were the most frequently selected categories for a formulation of the main goal, while Love, Leisure, and Transcendent Issues were the less selected ones. An additional step of thematic analysis demonstrated that categories can be joined in four overarching themes: Vague Formulations, Self, Others, and Desired States.
EVALUATION OF THE PROSPECTS OF EDUCATIONAL AVAILABILITY IN LITHUANIAN DISTRICTS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY’S TERRITORIES
Authors: Luobikienė Irena
Published: May 2018

Scientists, national politicians and specialists from Lithuania and other countries identified the main determinants of the social development of the territories of Lithuania, the problems of the society, which have been influenced by this development, and possible trends of change. Although the social development of Lithuanian territories is determined by a "bundle" of social problems, the focus of the article is on those that may affect the availability of education in the most sparsely populated districts of Lithuania. The aim of this article is to reveal the prospects of education availability in the most sparsely populated areas of Lithuania in the context of the social development of the country's territories. The main problem question related to this is what prospects for the availability of education in the most sparsely populated areas of the country presuppose the social development of Lithuania's territories. In order to achieve the aim of the article, the design of the research was based on the theoretical analysis of the problem raised and a secondary analysis of the data in the field. The main findings of the research reflect the situation in the field of study, and the conclusions of the research drawn on the basis of them provide an assessment of the prospects of education accessibility in the most sparsely populated areas of Lithuania.
THE INTEGRATION OF “HOME, MONASTERY AND SCHOOL” LEARNING ORGANIZATION IN THE STUDY OF LOCAL TOURIST ATTRACTIONS AND CULTURE
Authors: Kosarassawadee Nithiwadee , Sukweses Aungkana , Tantarangsee Chaiwat
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this study are to study the community’s and the monk’s satisfaction of the knowledge exchanging activity among ‘Home, Monastery and School’ learning organization, and to study the students’ satisfaction of the integration of such learning organization in the study of local tourist attractions and culture. Samples selected purposively include 51 subjects, namely 38 local people, 1 monk and 12 English Major Students attending the knowledge exchanging activity, at the Monastery. The data of this descriptive survey is collected from a questionnaire, and the statistics employed include percentage, mean, and S.D. The study discloses the findings as follows: 1) the overall level of the community’s and the monk’s satisfaction of the knowledge exchanging activity among ‘Home, Monastery, and School’ learning organization is in high level, while the overall students’ satisfaction in the integration of such learning organization in the study of local tourist attractions and culture is in highest level. 2) In terms of item analysis, the aspect of the community’s and monk’s satisfaction in highest level of mean scores includes passing on knowledge to next generation, while the aspect of the students’ satisfaction in highest level include exchanging knowledge in learning organization. It can be concluded that the integration of learning organization in classroom instructions enriches community’s life-long learning and students’ engagement as well as motivation.
BUILDING POSITIVE GROUP DYNAMICS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING AT TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Evstropova Nina
Published: May 2018

This paper is a report on the findings of a study conducted at Samara state technical university, at the faculty of engineering economics. The research is devoted to building positive group dynamics and interactive methods in ELT that are used to provide a positive group atmosphere. The author considers various interpretations of the concept “interactive methods”, analyses their effectiveness and develops a specific system of foreign language teaching that is focused on the participation of all students in the speech process and chooses “team-building technology” as a core element of this system and as a type of interactive methods that include complex of games in English. The results of the study prove that implementation of such games efficiently improves language level and builds a positive group dynamics.
DIFFERENTIATED ASSIGNMENTS AS THE LEARNING ACTIVITY MOTIVATING FACTOR IN THE TRAINING OF FUTURE PRESCHOOL TEACHERS
Authors: Kushnir Svitlana
Published: May 2018

The articles’s aim is to describe the features of introducing differentiated assignment for homework and classroom work and their impact on the activation of cognitive, social, professional, value motives of the training of future preschool teachers in the pedagogical process of the university. The analysis of scientific research in this area allows us to state that the differentiation of teaching materials, the provision of the student with the choice of the complexity of the assignment, the establishment of constructive feedback are an integral part of the motivational environment that should ensure the student's active personal position in the process of cognitive constructive activity. Differentiation of training during the classroom allows to ensure the assimilation by all students of the educational content, which assumes an invariant (mandatory part of the program material) and an optional part that involves the complexity of assignments. The main goal of differentiation in teaching is to determine the most rational nature of the work for each student, relying on their individual characteristics, preferences, abilities, time frames. Thus, the training of future preschool teachers with the help of differentiated tasks becomes important for them, the desire to comprehend the foundations of the profession, to learn, to interact with peers and the teacher.The author experimentally confirmed that the introduction of a differentiated approach to the development of content and its implementation in the practice of training future preschool teachers in higher school conditions contributes to improving the effectiveness of the educational process by activating cognitive, professional, social and value motivations of students, taking into account their individual inclinations and preferences.The methodological basis of the research was the theoretical analysis of scientific literature on the problem; empirical research methods (pedagogical experiment, observation, interview, testing by the method of studying the educational activity motives (modification A.A. Rean V.A. Yakunin)); statistical methods of processing results (the calculation of percentages, ranking).
APPLICATION OF THE SOFTWARE PACKAGE LTSPICE FOR DESIGNING AND ANALYSING THE OPERATION OF ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
Authors: Ptak Paweł
Published: May 2018

The paper presents application of the software package LTspice in the teaching of designing and analysis of electronic systems operation. The program has been used for simulating the operation of typical electronic systems, such as filters. The systems created in the simulation can provide a basis for preparing students to participate in laboratory classes. The results obtained in a simulation can be subsequently verified by testing real systems during the electronics laboratory classes. The results of simulation and real experiments can also be compared and utilised for making an analysis and writing a report on the experiment.
EUPHEMISMS AS A MEANS OF MANIPULATION IN PEDAGOGICAL DISCOURSE
Authors: Katermina Veronika
Published: May 2018

Nowadays a language presents a great interest not only as an independent phenomenon but also as a means of communication. In the course of a verbal communication between interlocutors there is an exchange of information as well as a manipulative influence. The latter is one of the main elements of an effective educational process.Euphemism is a mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant. It is the act or an example of substituting a mild, indirect, or vague term for one considered harsh, blunt, or offensive. Euphemisms with communicative function of evasiveness, politeness, and concealing, play dual parts in everyday social lives.Euphemism, a kind of polite language, can combine the teachers’ role and the students’ personalityfactors together. A verbal manipulation made by a teacher-manipulator with the help of euphemisms promotes improvement and an effective transformation of all the components moving an educational process forward. It regulates a positive interpersonal communication between a teacher and a student as well as within the class; it influences the work with the educational material and its further presentation; it creates a favourable working atmosphere during the lesson.