bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Whole-exome sequencing in a subject with fluctuating neuropsychiatric symptoms, immunoglobulin G1 deficiency, and subsequent development of Crohn’s disease: a case report
Authors: Jyonouchi Harumi , Geng Lee
Published: May 2022

Background

Mutations or polymorphisms of genes that are associated with inflammasome functions are known to predispose individuals to Crohn’s disease and likely affect clinical presentations and responses to therapeutic agents in patients with Crohn’s disease. The presence of additional gene mutations/polymorphisms that can modify immune responses may further affect clinical features, making diagnosis and management of Crohn’s disease even more challenging. Whole-exome sequencing is expected to be instrumental in understanding atypical presentations of Crohn’s disease and the selection of therapeutic measures, especially when multiple gene mutations/polymorphisms affect patients with Crohn’s disease.

Case summary

We report the case of a non-Hispanic Caucasian female patient with Crohn’s disease who was initially diagnosed with pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome with fluctuating anxiety symptoms at 9 years of age. This patient was initially managed with pulse oral corticosteroid treatment and then intravenous immunoglobulin due to her immunoglobulin G1 deficiency. At 15 years of age, she was diagnosed with Crohn’s disease, following onset of acute abdomen. Treatment with oral corticosteroid and then tumor necrosis factor-α blockers (adalimumab and infliximab) led to remission of Crohn’s disease. However, she continued to suffer from chronic abdominal pain, persistent headache, general fatigue, and joint ache involving multiple joints. Extensive gastrointestinal workup was unrevealing, but whole-exome sequencing identified two autosomal dominant gene variants: NLRP12 (loss of function) and IRF2BP2 (gain of function). Based on whole-exome sequencing findings, infliximab was discontinued and anakinra, an interleukin-1β blocker, was started, rendering marked improvement of her clinical symptoms. However, Crohn’s disease lesions recurred following Yersinia enterocolitis. The patient was successfully treated with a blocker of interleukin-12p40 (ustekinumab), and anakinra was discontinued following remission of her Crohn’s disease lesions.

Conclusion

Loss-of-function mutation of NRLRP12 gene augments production of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α, while gain-of-function mutation of IRF2BP2 impairs cytokine production and B cell differentiation. We propose that the presence of these two autosomal dominant variants caused an atypical clinical presentation of Crohn’s disease.
The inertial iterative extragradient methods for solving pseudomonotone equilibrium programming in Hilbert spaces
Authors: Rehman Habib ur , Kumam Poom , Argyros Ioannis K. , Kumam Wiyada , Shutaywi Meshal
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we present new iterative techniques for approximating the solution of an equilibrium problem involving a pseudomonotone and a Lipschitz-type bifunction in Hilbert spaces. These techniques consist of two computing steps of a proximal-type mapping with an inertial term. Improved simplified stepsize rules that do not involve line search are investigated, allowing the method to be implemented more quickly without knowing the Lipschitz-type constants of a bifunction. The iterative sequences converge weakly on a specific solution to the problem when the control parameter conditions are properly specified. The numerical tests were carried out, and the results demonstrated the applicability and quick convergence of innovative approaches over earlier ones.
Body weight at 1.5- and 3-year health checks and body fat at 14 years of age: a population-based retrospective cohort study using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry
Authors: Kouda Katsuyasu , Fujita Yuki , Ohara Kumiko , Nakamura Harunobu , Dorjravdan Munkhjargal , Nakama Chikako , Nishiyama Toshimasa , Iki Masayuki
Published: May 2022

Background

In Japan, height and weight measurements, taken for all children at birth and 1.5- and 3-year health checks, are recorded in the Mother and Child Health (MCH) Handbook, as required by the law. The present population-based retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of height and weight records in the Handbook for predicting excessive adiposity in adolescents.

Methods

The source population consisted of 8th grade students (800 students aged 14 years) registered at two public junior high schools. Of these, we excluded students who were born at a gestational age < 37 weeks or > 42 weeks. The present analyses included 435 participants who provided complete information. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using height and weight records. Body fat mass at 14 years of age was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Diagnostic performance of BMI calculated from the MCH Handbook records to discriminate between the presence and absence of excessive adiposity at 14 years of age was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was used to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of BMI.

Results

With regard to the prediction of excessive fat at 14 years of age, AUCs and 95% confidence intervals for BMI at 1.5 and 3 years of age were greater than 0.5. Meanwhile, the AUC of BMI at birth was not significantly greater than 0.5.

Conclusion

The present study findings indicate that BMI values calculated using MCH Handbook data have potential ability to distinguish between the presence and absence of excessive fat at 14 years of age.
A total infectome approach to understand the etiology of infectious disease in pigs
Authors: Huang Xinyi , Wu Weichen , Tian Xiaoxiao , Hou Xin , Cui Xingyang , Xiao Yihong , Jiao Qiulin , Zhou Pei , Liu Liqiang , Shi Weilin , Chen Ligong , Sun Yue , Yang Yongbo , Chen Jianxin , Zhang Guihong , Liu Jinling , Holmes Edward C. , Cai Xuehui , An Tongqing , Shi Mang
Published: May 2022

Background

The global pork industry is continuously affected by infectious diseases that can result in large-scale mortality, trade restrictions, and major reductions in production. Nevertheless, the cause of many infectious diseases in pigs remains unclear, largely because commonly used diagnostic tools fail to capture the full diversity of potential pathogens and because pathogen co-infection is common.

Results

We used a meta-transcriptomic approach to systematically characterize the pathogens in 136 clinical cases representing different disease syndromes in pigs, as well as in 12 non-diseased controls. This enabled us to simultaneously determine the diversity, abundance, genomic information, and detailed epidemiological history of a wide range of potential pathogens. We identified 34 species of RNA viruses, nine species of DNA viruses, seven species of bacteria, and three species of fungi, including two novel divergent members of the genusPneumocystis. While most of these pathogens were only apparent in diseased animals or were at higher abundance in diseased animals than in healthy animals, others were present in healthy controls, suggesting opportunistic infections. Importantly, most of the cases examined here were characterized by co-infection with more than two species of viral, bacterial, or fungal pathogens, some with highly correlated occurrence and abundance levels. Examination of clinical signs and necropsy results in the context of relevant pathogens revealed that a multiple-pathogen model was better associated with the data than a single-pathogen model was.

Conclusions

Our data demonstrate that most of the pig diseases examined were better explained by the presence of multiple rather than single pathogens and that infection with one pathogen can facilitate infection or increase the prevalence/abundance of another. Consequently, it is generally preferable to consider the cause of a disease based on a panel of co-infecting pathogens rather than on individual infectious agents.
Postoperative chylous ascites after total gastrectomy successfully treated using peritoneovenous (Denver) shunt: a case report
Authors: Sakamoto Shinya , Takata Nobuo , Noda Yoshihiro , Ozaki Kazuhide , Okabayashi Takehiro
Published: May 2022

Background

Chylous ascites (CA) is a rare complication of gastrectomy for gastric cancer. While most cases of postoperative CA improve with medication or nutritional support, some are refractory to conservative treatment. A peritoneovenous shunt (PVS) may help patients who are poor candidates for surgery. However, PVS placement for postoperative CA after gastroenterological surgery has been rarely reported. Herein, we present a case of postoperative CA following total gastrectomy with para-aortic lymphadenectomy, treated successfully by PVS placement.

Case presentation

A 74-year-old man who underwent total gastrectomy with para-aortic lymph node dissection was hospitalised because of insufficient oral intake and dehydration. His abdomen was markedly distended with severe bilateral lower extremity oedema. On admission, abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed a high volume of ascites and no signs of cancer recurrence. Accordingly, postoperative CA resulting from drainage of fluid on paracentesis was diagnosed. Despite nutritional support, diuretics, and octreotide administration, his abdominal distension and nutritional status did not improve. We could not identify the sites of lymphatic leakage in the three intranodal lymphangiographies followed by CT. Although we considered a surgical treatment in our patient, we decided against it. Because we could not identify lymphatic leakage site during lymphangiography, surgical treatment might have a potential failure of detection and closure of leakage site. Furthermore, the patient’s general condition was poor because of malnutrition resulting from the loss of lymphatic fluid. Consequently, we decided to place PVS. After PVS placement, his abdominal distension improved rapidly, and he was discharged without serious complications. Thirteen months after PVS, patient has no relapse of abdominal distention and nutrition status has improved.

Conclusion

PVS might be a good option to manage refractory postoperative CA, as the leakage point cannot be detected on lymphangiography.
Sex Difference in Female and Male Ice Swimmers for Different Strokes and Water Categories Over Short and Middle Distances: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Oppermann Janne , Knechtle Beat , Seffrin Aldo , Vancini Rodrigo Luiz , de Lira Claudio Andre Barbosa , Hill Lee , Andrade Marilia Santos
Published: May 2022

Background

Winter swimming developed from a national tradition into a health-improving sport with international competitions. The difference in performance between women and men was thoroughly examined in various sporting disciplines; however, there is little data on winter swimming events. Therefore, this study aims to compare the sex differences in female and male winter swimmers for a distinct stroke over distances of 25 m and 200 m in ice water, freezing water and cold water in the multiple stages of the Winter Swimming World Cup, hosted by the International Winter Swimming Association (IWSA) since 2016.

Methods

All data included in this study were obtained from the official results of the Winter Swimming World Cup, published on the “International Winter Swimming Association” (IWSA) website. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare race time between sexes in different swimming strokes and categories of water. In contrast, the Kruskal–Wallis H test was used to compare differences between swimming strokes or water categories for the same sex.

Results

For 25 m and 200 m events of the “IWSA World Cup,” male athletes were faster than female athletes, regardless of stroke and water temperature category. However, the effect size of the difference between the sexes was greater in 25 m than in 200 m for all strokes and water temperatures. Swimming speed for the same-sex differed between the swimming stroke in relation to the water temperature category. Head-up breaststroke was found to be the slowest stroke (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

In water temperatures between − 2° and + 9 °C, men were faster than women in all stages of the “IWSA World Cup,” regardless of the swimming stroke, but the effect size of the difference between the sexes was greater in shorter than in longer events.
The more the better? Comparing two SQD-based learning designs in a teacher training on augmented and virtual reality
Authors: Buchner Josef , Hofmann Martin
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a learning design based entirely on the micro level strategies of the Synthesis of Qualitative Data (SQD) model is better suited to promote teachers augmented and virtual reality-related Will, Skill, and Tool (WST) compared to a learning design based less on the SQD model. To this end, we first developed two learning designs that were randomly distributed across two teacher professional development courses. In one course (n = 23), teachers learned according to our developed and fully SQD-based Tell–Show–Enact–Do (TSED) learning design; in the other course, teachers (n = 22) followed a Tell–Show–Enact (TSE) learning design that was less SQD-based. The results of the quasi-experimental field study show that the developed fully SQD-based TSED learning design is better able to promote the elements WST in teachers regarding the integration of augmented and virtual reality in the classroom. The results of the study have implications for theory and practice. For example, the developed TSED learning design can serve as a blueprint for other teacher educators, and the empirical findings support the micro level strategies recommended in the SQD model. Additional findings are discussed.
Effects of mattress support on sleeping position and low-back pain
Authors: Bolton Roman , Hulshof Hidde , Daanen Hein A. M. , van Dieën Jaap H.
Published: May 2022

Purpose

To determine the efficacy of decreasing spinal curvature – when sleeping laterally – in reducing low-back pain (LBP) and improving sleep quality in people with chronic LBP. Secondly, to investigate whether sleeping positions, nocturnal movements, and skin temperature are related to pain in people with chronic LBP.

Methods

Sixteen subjects with chronic LBP (50% female, mean age 45.6 ± 13.1 years) slept for one night on their own mattress, followed by three nights on an experimental mattress – designed to reduce spinal curvature in lateral sleeping positions – and then a final night again on their own mattress. Sleep positions, nocturnal movements, skin temperature, and room temperature were measured throughout the five nights. Numerical pain ratings for pain while lying, pain on rising, stiffness on rising, sleep quality, and mattress comfort were recorded for both mattresses.

Results

The experimental mattress was associated with 18% (p<.05) lower pain scores while lying and a 25% (p<.01) higher comfort rating. Pain on rising, stiffness on rising, and sleep quality were not different between own and experimental mattress. The relationship between sleep positions and pain scores was non-significant, but pain when rising was positively correlated with nocturnal movement (p<.05) and skin temperature was negatively correlated with pain while lying (p<0.05).

Conclusion

Pain while lying in bed decreased and comfort was higher for the experimental mattress compared to the participants’ own mattresses.
Pocket-sized, wireless-Bluetooth ultrasound system to perform diagnostic and low-complexity interventional procedures in bedridden patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: from intensive care unit to domiciliary service?
Authors: Ossola Christian , Piacentino Filippo , Fontana Federico , Curti Marco , Zorzetto Giada , Coppola Andrea , Carcano Giulio , Venturini Massimo
Published: May 2022

The use of a pocked-sized, wireless-Bluetooth ultrasound portable system with display images presented on a tablet facilitated the work of our radiologists during the first wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to perform diagnostic and interventional procedures in bedridden patients. The device is equipped with a battery-powered probe without cables that transmits images to a tablet (or a cell phone) through a dedicated App. We hypothesise in future to extend diagnostic and low-complexity interventional procedures from hospitalised patients to at-home patients who are not able to mobilise out of bed or are difficult to transport. This domiciliary service might also reduce the overhead of hospital accesses.
Analytical study of two feature extraction methods in comparison with deep learning methods for classification of small metal objects
Authors: Amraee Somaieh , Chinipardaz Maryam , Charoosaei Mohammadali
Published: May 2022

This paper addresses the efficiency of two feature extraction methods for classifying small metal objects including screws, nuts, keys, and coins: the histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) and local binary pattern (LBP). The desired features for the labeled images are first extracted and saved in the form of a feature matrix. Using three different classification methods (non-parametric K-nearest neighbors algorithm, support vector machine, and naïve Bayesian method), the images are classified into four different classes. Then, by examining the resulting confusion matrix, the performances of the HOG and LBP approaches are compared for these four classes. The effectiveness of these two methods is also compared with the “You Only Look Once” and faster region-based convolutional neural network approaches, which are based on deep learning. The collected image set in this paper includes 800 labeled training images and 180 test images. The results show that the use of the HOG is more efficient than the use of the LBP. Moreover, a combination of the HOG and LBP provides better results than either alone.
Estimation of lifetime attributable risk incidence and mortality for breast cancer attributed to computed tomography of the head in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
Authors: Ikubor Joyce Ekeme , Tobi Anwuli Christiana
Published: May 2022

Background

The rising increase in the incidence of breast cancer among women is worrisome and a great concern to all. More disturbing is that the incidence of breast cancer and death has been attributed to exposure to imaging modalities that utilize ionizing radiation such as computed tomography. The aim of this study was to estimate the lifetime attributable risk (LAR) incidence and mortality for breast cancer for female patients who had head computed tomography in two imaging facilities (centres) in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria.

Result

The overall estimated mean effective dose in centres G1 and G2 is 5.76 mSv and 1.54 mSv, respectively. There was a statistical significant difference in the mean effective dose between centres G1 and G2 (P < 0.001). The LAR breast cancer incidence obtained in this study ranged between 0.5 and 26.45 per 100,000 population in centre G1, while in centre G2, it ranged between 0.14 and 6.56 per 100,000 population. The LAR breast cancer mortality obtained in this study ranged between 0.07 and 6.25 per 100,000 population in centre G1, while in centre G2, it ranged between 0.03 and 1.55 per 100,000 population.

Conclusion

The estimated mean LAR of breast cancer incidence and mortality for the women who had head CT examination in the two study centres was found to be minimal to negligible among the female patients of the different age groups in the study population. The overall mean risk of breast cancer incidence was very low in centre G1 and minimal in centre G2. The obtained risk values can be used to optimize the dose delivered to patients and also ensure that CT examinations are justified.
Polar flocks with discretized directions: The active clock model approaching the Vicsek model
Authors: Chatterjee Swarnajit , Mangeat Matthieu , Rieger Heiko
Published: May 2022

We consider the off-lattice two-dimensionalq-state active clock model (ACM) as a natural discretization of the Vicsek model (VM) describing flocking. The ACM consists of particles able to move in the plane in a discrete set ofqequidistant angular directions, as in the active Potts model (APM), with an alignment interaction inspired by the ferromagnetic equilibrium clock model. We find that for a small number of directions, the flocking transition of the ACM has the same phenomenology as the APM, including macrophase separation and reorientation transition. For a larger number of directions, the flocking transition in the ACM becomes equivalent to the one of the VM and displays microphase separation and only transverse bands,i.e., no re-orientation transition. Concomitantly also the transition of theq → ∞limit of the ACM, the active XY model (AXYM), is in the same universality class as the VM. We also construct a coarse-grained hydrodynamic description for the ACM and AXYM akin to the VM.
“My Case,” Her Cure: William Hay's Permissible Gender Fluidity and Mrs. Stephens's Controversy
Authors: Thulin Lesley
Published: May 2022

In Deformity: An Essay (1754), William Hay offers an autobiographical account of his life as a hunchbacked member of the House of Commons, followed by an appendix, titled “My Case,” which details an experimental health regimen he adopted to treat the more quotidian ailment of chronic bladder stones. In an apparent disjunction with the preceding philosophical essay, “My Case” brings deformity into a medicalized, rather than humanized, register, crediting Joanna Stephens's controversial domestic remedy—and Hay's subsequent adjustment of it—with allowing him to write the text. This article compares the reception history of Stephens's recipe and Deformity: An Essay, examining why Stephens attracted censure whereas Hay garnered approval for endorsing the same basic treatment. Focusing on both Stephens's and Hay's gender-fluid personae, I argue that Hay, unlike Stephens, was able to demonstrate an unusually nimble approach to the eighteenth century's emergent categories of gender, because his deformity, gender, and class helped, rather than hindered, such persona making.
Somebody's Complaint: Isabella Kelly, Warren Hastings, and the Strange Case of Ruthinglenne
Authors: Shapira Yael
Published: May 2022

In 1795, novelist Isabella Kelly (ca. 1759–1857) sent a plea for financial help to Warren Hastings (1732–1818), the first British governor-general of India, who had known her late father-in-law. Six years later, her Minerva Press novel Ruthinglenne, or, the Critical Moment (1801) included a scene in which a widowed woman novelist asks for the help of a senior East India official and is rudely rebuffed. Was Kelly writing about her real-life exchange with Hastings, and if so, what might she have been hoping to achieve? The essay attempts to answer these questions in a speculative argument that examines Ruthinglenne's straddling of fact and fiction; by analyzing both the novel and its paratexts, I propose that Kelly's fictional encoding of fact would have been obvious to at least some of her readers. The case of Ruthinglenne, I further argue, lends support to recent critical claims regarding the overlooked richness of Minerva novels, and demonstrates the need to round out our historical understanding of neglected women writers through combined textual and biographical research.
Legal Spectatorship
Authors: Moore Kelli
Published: May 2022

In Legal Spectatorship Kelli Moore traces the political origins of the concept of domestic violence through visual culture in the United States. Tracing its appearance in Article IV of the Constitution, slave narratives, police notation, cybernetic theories of affect, criminal trials, and the “look” of the battered woman, Moore contends that domestic violence refers to more than violence between intimate partners—it denotes the mechanisms of racial hierarchy and oppression that undergird republican government in the United States. Moore connects the use of photographic evidence of domestic violence in courtrooms, which often stands in for women’s testimony, to slaves’ silent experience and witnessing of domestic abuse. Drawing on Harriet Jacobs’s Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, abolitionist print culture, courtroom witness testimony, and the work of Hortense Spillers, Moore shows how the logic of slavery and antiblack racism also dictates the silencing techniques of the contemporary domestic violence courtroom. By positioning testimony on contemporary domestic violence prosecution within the archive of slavery, Moore demonstrates that domestic violence and its image are haunted by black bodies, black flesh, and black freedom.

Duke University Press Scholars of Color First Book Award recipient
Our Veterans
Authors: Gordon Suzanne , Early Steve , Craven Jasper
Published: May 2022

In Our Veterans, Suzanne Gordon, Steve Early, and Jasper Craven explore the physical, emotional, social, economic, and psychological impact of military service and the problems that veterans face when they return to civilian life. The authors critically examine the role of advocacy organizations, philanthropies, corporations, and politicians who purport to be “pro-veteran.” They describe the ongoing debate about the cost, quality, and effectiveness of healthcare provided or outsourced by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). They also examine generational divisions and political tensions among veterans, as revealed in the tumultuous events of 2020, from Black Lives Matter protests to the Trump-Biden presidential contest. Frank and revealing, Our Veterans proposes a new agenda for veterans affairs linking service provision to veterans to the quest for broader social programs benefiting all Americans.
Lactuca virosa Leaf-mediated Biosynthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Estimation of Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities
Authors: Gharpure Saee , Yadwade Rachana , Ankamwar Balaprasad
Published: May 2022

The antimicrobial potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles biosynthesized from Lactuca virosa leaves was investigated, but they were found to have no antimicrobial effects. Different parameters of nanoparticles and microorganisms influence these antimicrobial capabilities. Because of their inert nature, ZnO nanoparticles displayed no cytotoxicity when tested on HCT-116 cancer cells and can be employed for drug administration. These ZnO nanoparticles can thus be used as a bio-stable vehicle for various biological uses.
Structure of Heme-binding Pocket in Heme Protein is Generally Rigid and can be Predicted by AlphaFold2
Authors: Kondo Hiroko X , Kanematsu Yusuke , Takano Yu
Published: May 2022

AlphaFold2 is a deep-learning algorithm used to predict the tertiary structures of proteins based on their amino acid sequences. We examined whether AlphaFold2 could predict the heme-binding pocket by comparing the structures of heme proteins from the Protein Data Bank and AlphaFold Protein Structure Database. In most cases, the structures showed only minor differences. We also investigated the impact of heme binding on the protein conformation, showing the pocket rigidity. Therefore, AlphaFold2 can predict the structure of the heme-binding pocket.
Universal Early-Life Health Policies in the Nordic Countries
Authors: Wüst Miriam
Published: May 2022

Given mounting evidence on the negative impact of early-life shocks for the wellbeing of people over the life course, a growing economics literature studies whether early-life policies have symmetric positive effects. This paper zooms in on research on this topic from the Nordic countries, where all families have access to a comprehensive set of early-life health programs, including prenatal, maternity, and well-infant care. I describe this Nordic model of universal early-life health policies and discuss the existing evidence on its causal effects from two categories of studies. First, studying the introduction of universal policies, research has documented important short- and long-run benefits for the health, education, and labor market trajectories of treated cohorts. Second, exploiting modern-day changes to policy design, research for now documents short- and medium-run impacts of universal care on primarily maternal and child health as well as parental investment behaviors. I conclude with directions for future research.
Retrospectives: Joan Robinson on Karl Marx: “His Sense of Reality Is Far Stronger”
Authors: Alves Carolina
Published: May 2022

This paper revisits why Joan Robinson turned to Karl Marx in 1942 and which insights from Marxian economics she sought to incorporate into her later works, while commenting on how her encounter with Marx was received by some her of contemporaries. By the end of the 1930s, Robinson wanted to bring academic and Marxian economics together in a search for a more realist theory of the rate of profit and income distribution, along with clarifications on Keynes’s concept of full employment and the nature of technical progress and a long-period theory within the Keynesian framework. The result, An Essay on Marxian Economics (1942), was her most important work in terms of laying the foundations of her enduring challenge to the orthodox economics. Here she relied on Marxian insights to escape Marshallian orthodoxy. It is the story of how the originator of imperfect competition pushed further into a theory of exploitation.
American Enslavement and the Recovery of Black Economic History
Authors: Logan Trevon D.
Published: May 2022

This paper reconsiders the evidence needed to answer pressing questions of economic history and racial inequality, the Third Phase of research on American Enslavement and its Aftermath. First, I briefly summarize how economists have sought to understand slavery as an institution. Second, using my family’s narrative as a lens, I show how answers to questions from economic history and economic theory can be answered by expanding our evidentiary base and methodological approaches. In the process, I highlight some areas of what these “traditional” economic perspectives miss. Finally, I briefly provide some examples from other fields—such as recent work by historians—that have sought to provide texture on some of the key dimensions of slavery and racial inequality that have been under-studied by economists.
L'école maternelle grecque et les theories pédagogiques européennes
Authors: Καγιαδάκη Αθηνά
Published: May 2022

Η παρούσα μελέτη εξετάζει την ιστορία του Ελληνικού Νηπιαγωγείου από το 1830-1936. Εξετάζεται η εξέλιξη του θεσμού και η εξέλιξη των ιδεών γύρω από την πρώτη παιδική ηλικία και την εκπαίδευσή της. Η έρευνα απλώνεται από το Ελληνικό κράτος, που ήταν σε πλήρη εξέλιξη, ως τις ελληνικές κοινότητες της Μ. Ασίας. Με την έρευνα δείχνουμε ότι κατά τον πρώτο αιώνα της ιστορίας το Ελληνικό Νηπιαγωγείο του είχε επηρεαστεί από τις ευρωπαϊκές ιδέες και τις ευρωπαϊκές παιδαγωγικές πρακτικές χάρη στην ύπαρξη συγκεκριμένων παραγόντων όπως οι Φιλεκπαιδευτικοί Σύλλογοι, η δράση των γυναικών, η εθνική ιδεολογία και η επίσημη πολιτική του ελληνικού κράτους.
Deep learning techniques for financial data
Authors: Τσαντεκίδης Αβραάμ
Published: May 2022

Τα χρηματιστήρια και οι υπηρεσίες που παρέχουν έχουν ραγδαία εξέλιξη τα τελευταία χρόνια και η πρόσβαση των πολιτών σε αυτά γίνεται ολοένα και πιο εύκολη. Η πρόσβαση στις ηλεκτρονικές υπηρεσίες των χρηματαγορών έχει οδηγήσει στην ανάπτυξη συστηματικών επενδυτικών στρατηγικών χωρίς να είναι απαραίτητη η ανθρώπινη παρέμβαση. Την ίδια περίοδο, η Μηχανική Μάθηση (ΜΜ) έχει ελκύσει το ενδιαφέρον της ερευνητικής κοινότητας χάρη στα πρωτοφανή επιτεύγματα στον τομέα της Βαθιάς Μάθησης (ΒΜ). Η συνεχής άνοδος της υπολογιστικής ισχύος των ολοκληρωμένων κυκλωμάτων (επεξεργαστών), έχει φτάσει σε ένα κρίσιμο σημείο όπου έχει γίνει εφικτή η χρήση των μοντέλων ΒΜ σε πολλά προβλήματα. Παράλληλα, η αφθονία των δεδομένων του παγκόσμιου ιστού έχει δώσει ένα εκτενές υπόβαθρο για την έρευνα της Τεχνητής Νοημοσύνης. Από την απαράμιλλη ακρίβεια σε προβλήματα πρόβλεψης, μέχρι την επίδοση σε επιτραπέζια και ηλεκτρονικά παιχνίδια, η ΒΜ ξεπερνά την επίδοση των ανθρώπων, όσο τα μοντέλα της αυξάνονται σε πλήθος παραμέτρων. Καθώς η έρευνα της ΒΜ διαχέεται σε περισσότερα πεδία, ένα από αυτά είναι η ανάλυση των χρηματοοικονομικών δεδομένων. Η εφαρμογή της ΒΜ σαν ``μαύρο κουτί'' στις οικονομικές χρονοσειρές δεν έχει την ίδια επιτυχία με τις εφαρμογές σε άλλα πεδία. Στην παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή διερευνάται η συμβατότητα της ΒΜ για την ανάλυση χρηματοοικονομικών δεδομένων και προτείνονται λύσεις για τα προβλήματα που υπάρχουν. Στην διαρκεια της διατριβής αναπτύχθηκαν νέα μοντέλα και μέθοδοι ΒΜ, που προσαρμόστηκαν κατάλληλα στις ιδιαίτερες απαιτήσεις των χρηματοοικονομικών δεδομένων. Σε αυτά περιλαμβάνονται καινοτόμες προσεγγίσεις για την ανάλυση, πρόβλεψη και κατηγοριοποίηση χρονοσειρών, καθώς και την ανάπτυξη ευφυών πρακτόρων για τη βέλτιστη εκτέλεση χρηματοοικονομικών συναλλαγών.Διερευνήθηκαν μοντέλα για την ανάλυση δεδομένων υψηλής συχνότητας, όπως ο Κατάλογος Εντολών Ορίου (Limit Order Book), αλλά και δεδομένων συναλλαγών με υποδειγματοληψία, όπως τιμές ανοίγματος-υψηλού-χαμηλού-κλεισίματος (Open-High-Low-Close). Με δεδομένο ότι πολλοί επενδυτές χρησιμοποιούν ποιοτικές ή αλγοριθμικές στρατηγικές, αναπτύχθηκαν μοντέλα ΒΜ για την ``κλωνοποίηση'' σήματος στρατηγικών. Τα μοντέλα κατάφεραν να υπολογίσουν με ακρίβεια τις αποφάσεις αλγορίθμων στρατηγικών έχοντας πρόσβαση μόνο στα δεδομένα της χρονοσειρας των τιμών. Στη συνέχεια αναπτύχθηκαν περιβάλλοντα προσομοίωσης χρηματιστηριακής αγοράς που χρησιμοποιούν ιστορικά δεδομένα τιμών. Με αυτές τις προσομοιώσεις εκπαιδεύτηκαν πράκτορες με Ενισχυτική Μάθηση (Reinforcement Learning) για τη βελτιστοποίηση ενός σήματος ανταμοιβής. Ως σήμα ανταμοιβής χρησιμοποιήθηκε κυρίως το προσομοιωμένο κέρδος. Επίσης αναπτύχθηκε ένα «διαμορφωμένο» σήμα ανταμοιβής που βελτίωσε την ταχύτητα σύγκλισης και την τελική επίδοση των μοντέλων Ενισχυτικής Μάθησης. Τέλος, η μοντελοποίηση του περιβάλλοντος προσομοίωσης και τα μοντέλα των πρακτόρων Ενισχυτικής Μάθησης επεκτάθηκαν περαιτέρω για να υποστηρίξουν εντολές ορίου (limit orders). Η χρήση των εντολών ορίου έδειξε σημαντική αύξηση των ανταμοιβών που πετύχαιναν οι πράκτορες.
IT Service management system for EMBL’s European Bioinformatics Institute’s IT department
Authors: González Ferreiro Montserrat , Newhouse Steven
Published: May 2022

EMBL-EBI, Europe's biomolecular data hub, is a world leader in managing and analysing big data in biology and making it freely available to scientists worldwide. Research infrastructures (RI) like EMBL-EBI rely extensively on information technology (IT) services to conduct research and support the delivery of scientific services. These IT services are complex and diverse and IT service management (ITSM) has been shown in other domains to help to improve efficiency and productivity. ITSM is a collection of standards that help organisations develop a process-based approach for managing the full lifecycle of IT services, while keeping their users' needs at the forefront and promoting continuous improvement. However, many organisations struggle with the design and implementation of an ITSM system as it involves the need for organisational change, and because the process approach can seem rigid and bureaucratic on the surface. This article aims to share the experience of the EMBL-EBI IT department in designing and implementing an ITSM system. ITSM implementation steps, benefits, challenges, opportunities, and practices are highlighted, critically analysed, and discussed.
Evidence synthesis summary formats for clinical guideline development group members: a mixed-methods systematic review protocol
Authors: Sharp Melissa K. , Tyner Barrie , Awang Baki Dayang Anis Binti , Farrell Cormac , Devane Declan , Mahtani Kamal R. , Smith Susan M. , O'Neill Michelle , Ryan Máirín , Clyne Barbara
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Evidence syntheses, often in the form of systematic reviews, are essential for clinical guideline development and informing changes to health policies. However, clinical guideline development groups (CGDG) are multidisciplinary, and participants such as policymakers, healthcare professionals and patient representatives can face obstacles when trying to understand and use evidence synthesis findings. Summary formats to communicate the results of evidence syntheses have become increasingly common, but it is currently unclear which format is most effective for different stakeholders. This mixed-methods systematic review (MMSR) evaluates the effectiveness and acceptability of different evidence synthesis summary formats for CGDG members.

Methods: This protocol follows guidance from the Joanna Briggs Institute on MMSRs and is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA)-P guideline. A comprehensive search of six databases will be performed with no language restrictions. Primary outcomes are those relating to the effectiveness and preferences for and attitudes towards the different summary formats. We will include qualitative research and randomised controlled trials. Two reviewers will perform title, abstract, and full-text screening. Independent double-extraction of study characteristics and critical appraisal items will be undertaken using a standardised form. We will use a convergent segregated approach to analyse quantitative and qualitative data separately; results will then be integrated.

Discussion: The results of this systematic review will provide an overview of the effectiveness and acceptability of different summary formats for evidence synthesis findings. These findings can be helpful for those in or communicating to guideline development groups. The results can also inform the development and pilot-testing of summary formats for evidence summaries.
GRAMMAR ANALYSIS AS A MEANS OF NOTIONAL FUNDAMENTALS CREATION
Authors: ARUTYUNYAN D.D.
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the Passive Voice to search for the learners’ language mistakes. Analysis of the Passive Voice definition, given by different linguist, is performed. The causes of notional difficulties, the ways of notional fundamentals creation for the learners of English are presented.
OLD ENGLISH LEXEME “RINC” IN IN THE GLOSSARIES AND IN THE TEXT OF THE POEM “BEOWULF”
Authors: KRUPINA E.A.
Published: May 2022

The article considers the Old English lexeme “rinc” with the help of etymology and word formation, the author uses contrastive-comparative analysis of the headword in the glossaries and contextual analysis of the lexeme.
FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCIES AMONG STUDENTS OF THE DIRECTION 01.03.02 APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND INFORMATICS
Authors: SHESTAKOVA L.G.
Published: May 2022

The task of forming pedagogical competencies among students of the direction “Applied Mathematics and Informatics” is relevant. For its solution, the following conditions are identified: to include in the curriculum a pedagogical module, consisting of pedagogy, methodological disciplines and pedagogical practice; use links with specialized disciplines; apply in the work the educational and methodological support adapted to the reduced amount of time; include activities based on the pedagogical module in the educational program.
INTERNET DEPENDENCE: CONCEPT, TYPES, PREVENTION
Authors: MOSKALENKO O.L. , TERESHCHENKO S.Yu. , KASPAROV E.V.
Published: May 2022

The article presents a review of the literature on the actual problem of modern society. The number of Internet addicts is increasing every year. In all age groups, and especially among young people, preventive measures should be taken. Psychological prevention, a healthy lifestyle, increasing self-esteem and stress resistance.
PSYCHOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF MARITAL CONFLICTS OF MEN AND WOMEN
Authors: LATSOEV G.R. , ILCHENKO V.V. , AFANASYEVA Yu.A.
Published: May 2022

The article presents the results of an empirical study of the psychological characteristics of marital conflicts among men and women. The most conflict of family life, reactions to the conflict of respondents of various sexes are described. Differences in the studied indicators between the respondents of various sexes are determined. Correlation links between the peculiarities of marital communication and reactions of spouses to the conflict among respondents of various sexes were also described.
Optimal Frameworks for Detecting Anomalies in Sensor-Intensive Heterogeneous Networks
Authors: Moghaddass Ramin , Guan Yongtao
Published: May 2022

Many network/graph structures are continuously monitored by various sensors that are placed at a subset of nodes and edges. The multidimensional data collected from these sensors over time create large-scale graph data in which the data points are highly dependent. Monitoring large-scale attributed networks with thousands of nodes and heterogeneous sensor data to detect anomalies and unusual events is a complex and computationally expensive process. This paper introduces a new generic approach inspired by state-space models for network anomaly detection that can utilize the information from the network topology, the node attributes (sensor data), and the anomaly propagation sets in an integrated manner to analyze the entire network all at once. This article presents how heterogeneous network sensor data can be analyzed to locate the sources of anomalies as well as the anomalous regions in a network, which can be impacted by one or multiple anomalies at any time instance. Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed framework in detecting anomalies in attributed graphs.

Summary of Contribution: With the increasing availability of large-scale network sensors and rapid advances in artificial intelligence methods, fundamentally new analytical tools are needed that can integrate data collected from sensors across the networks for decision making while taking into account the stochastic and topological dependencies between nodes, sensors, and anomalies. This paper develops a framework to intelligently and efficiently analyze complex and highly dependent data collected from disparate sensors across large-scale network/graph structures to detect anomalies and abnormal behavior in real time. Unlike general purpose (often black-box) machine learning models, this paper proposes a unique framework for network/graph structures that incorporates the complexities of networks and interdependencies between network entities and sensors. Because of the multidisciplinary nature of the paper that involves optimization, machine learning, and system monitoring and control, it can help researchers in both operations research and computer science domains to develop new network-specific computing tools and machine learning frameworks to efficiently manage large-scale network data.
Online Resource Allocation with Personalized Learning
Authors: Zhalechian Mohammad , Keyvanshokooh Esmaeil , Shi Cong , Van Oyen Mark P.
Published: May 2022

Joint online learning and resource allocation is a fundamental problem inherent in many applications. In a general setting, heterogeneous customers arrive sequentially, each of which can be allocated to a resource in an online fashion. Customers stochastically consume the resources, allocations yield stochastic rewards, and the system receives feedback outcomes with delay. In “Online Resource Allocation with Personalized Learning,” Zhalechian, Keyvanshokooh, Shi, and Van Oyen introduce a generic framework to solve this problem. It judiciously synergizes online learning with a broad class of online resource allocation mechanisms, where the sequence of customer contexts is adversarial, and the customer reward and resource consumption are stochastic and unknown. They propose online algorithms that strike a three-way balance between exploration, exploitation, and hedging against adversarial arrival sequence. A performance guarantee is provided for each online algorithm, and the efficacy of their algorithms is demonstrated using clinical data from a health system.
Deu uma varrida na casa: aspectos semântico-interacionais da construção de atenuação com dar uma V-da
Authors: Bispo Edvaldo Balduino , Silva Aline Danielly Leal da
Published: May 2022

Neste artigo, investigamos a construção de atenuação com dar uma V-da. Objetivamos discutir aspectos semânticos e interacionais implicados nas instâncias de uso dessa construção. Fundamentamos nossa discussão na Linguística Funcional Centrada no Uso, conforme Furtado da Cunha et al. (2013). A pesquisa é de natureza eminentemente qualitativa e utiliza dados extraídos de textos escritos publicados em blogs. Os resultados mostram que os verbos base da nominalização em -da são do tipo semântico ação (mais frequente), ação-processo e processo. Em termos aspectuais, as eventualidades designadas pelos construtos identificados representam atividade, accomplishment e achievement. Por fim, constatamos que a atuação de processos (inter)subjetivos e de inferência pragmática concorrem para a semântica de atenuação carreada pela construção em tela.
EDUCAÇÃO E EMANCIPAÇÃO DE MULHERES NEGRAS NOS SINDICATOS: reflexões sobre os espaços deliberativos
Authors: Da Silva Mendes Gilene Pinheiro , Ferreira de Oliveira Carolina Bessa
Published: May 2022

O artigo discute a educação enquanto prática política e emancipatória para o acesso e a ascensão de mulheres negras nos espaços deliberativos de centrais sindicais brasileiras. Empenhou-se uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa e sistemática explicativa, organizada no procedimento de revisão bibliográfica, além da análise de material empírico – fruto de pesquisa de mestrado desenvolvida no âmbito da Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia (UFSB), mediante pesquisa de campo com mulheres negras e dirigentes sindicais. Parte-se da contextualização do percurso histórico de inserção das mulheres no movimento sindical e suas principais barreiras no alcance de cargos diretivos. A educação aparece como fator central na agenda política e no movimento sindical, fato que se observa com ênfase a partir da abertura democrática para as minorias sociais no período pós-ditatorial. No entanto, a educação acrítica não produz efeitos positivos para os grupos desfavorecidos, dilatando a sua capacidade e só requalificando na presença de uma educação para a diferença, balizada nos marcadores interseccionais. Ao final, conclui-se que o acesso e a ascensão de mulheres negras nos espaços deliberativos são orientados através da visão interseccional e da educação depurada de alienações.
Looking out for other autoimmune conditions in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Morris David
Published: May 2022

David Morris examines the links between conditions such as hypothyroidism and type 1 diabetes
Parallelism measurement method for nontransparent flat parts
Authors: Zhang Juntao , Pan Bo , Liu Huan , Zhu Xu , Kang Renke , Du Dongxing , Guo Jiang
Published: May 2022

Nontransparent flat parts with weak rigidity are widely used in precision physics experiments, aerospace, and other fields in which parallelism is required. However, existing methods cannot meet requirements due to the limitation of measurement size and accuracy. This paper proposes a new method for measuring parallelism of nontransparent flat parts with high accuracy and then builds a submicrometer-level parallelism measuring system. The 3D model of the whole part is reconstructed by thickness and flatness, which are measured respectively. Subsequently, parallelism is evaluated by the principle of minimum directional zone. The method is verified by an experiment with a thin copper substrate sized

⊘

200

m
m

×

2.48

m
m

on the parallelism measuring system. The experiment result shows that the part’s parallelism is 7.41 µm, and the expanded uncertainty of parallelism measurement system is 0.34 µm,

k
=

2

.