bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Economic Structural Transformation on Employment
Authors: Can Muhlis , Doğan Buhari
Published: December 2016

Structural transformation concept emphasized by countless numbers of policy makers and scholars. Structural transformation affects not only countries' income levels but also a number of their economic parameters. Employment is one of the most significant of these parameters because the success of structural transformation is measured by the contributions of agriculture, manufacturing, and the service sector to growth and employment. In this chapter, the changing effects of economic complexity (as a major indicator of structural transformation) on employment, and the visual representation of this complexity, which is called product space, are studied using samples from South Korea and Japan. As a result of research, it is found out that increased complexity of a country's economy (increased intensity of the product space center) will lead to a decrease in the employment in agriculture and manufacturing, an increase in the employment in the services sector.
Creative Tourism in Successful Destination Management as a Solution of Systemic Crisis in Slovak Tourism
Authors: Malachovský Andrej
Published: December 2016

This chapter describes how strategies and strategic management can increase the tourism performance in Slovakia at the state and regional level. The result of strategic management of tourism must be, after the analysis of external and internal environment, selection an appropriate strategy and set the right goals and priorities in the tourism development. For such properly defined objectives in Slovak conditions we consider, inter alia, the use of creative tourism as a form of cultural tourism. Cause is the demand a return to traditional values in tourism. Chapter shows examples of creative tourism from a selected successful tourism region, which are proven statistical data on the development of tourism. The aim of this chapter is in the context of the theory of strategic and destination management to highlight the important contribution and potential of creative development of tourism for the development of tourism regions.
Enhancing Coopetition Among Small Tourism Destinations by Creativity
Authors: Redi Francesco
Published: December 2016

This chapter addresses on coopetition among tourism destinations with a focus on small ones and investigates on existing experiences, elaborating on the benefits of combinations with creative strategies and actions. Small destinations can achieve competitive advantages and access to strategic resources by adopting a cooperative behavior that, as observed, has no borders both geographical and of contents. Creativity can enhance coopetitive strategies and, consequently, gives positive impacts and advantages to tourism destinations. This area of research can be enriched with more contributes to assess costs and benefits in order to allow an evaluation of results and the designing of effective strategies. When adopting a coopetition strategy among destinations, the author foresees positive impacts and the achievement of economies and synergies that allow the increasing of the competitive advantage.
Creative Tourist Experience
Authors: Upadhya Amitabh , Vij Mohit
Published: December 2016

The chapter explores the role and importance of Destination Management Organizations in managing the delivery of creative tourist experience. The study is divided in two parts whereby the first part adopts a qualitative methodology of exploration in regard to Destination Management Organizations and Creative Tourist Experiences while the second part is a case study of the tourism organizations of the UAE. The role of creativity in managing the total tourist experience is the core theme of the study. The study finds that co-creation of tourist experiences have a lasting memory value. Creative tourist experience can be achieved in the creative-theatre by a combination of designed aesthetics, choreographed activities and co-created souvenirs as the major elements.
Creativity as a Driver of Tourism Growth
Authors: Wszendybył-Skulska Ewa
Published: December 2016

The chapter discusses the role of creativity in the development of tourism. Given the different approach to measuring the level of tourism development in regions and creativity, the study included two measures of each of these factors. Therefore, creativity is seen through the prism of the dimension of human capital by the European Science Foundation - European Social Survey and Global Creativity Index. In contrast, the development of tourism - through the number of overnight stays of residents and Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index. The aim of the chapter is to present and analyse the issues related to creativity in the development of tourism, with particular emphasis on creativity stimulators and analysis of the relationship between creativity and competitiveness of tourism in Europe as well as of the number of overnight stays of residents.
The Impact of Core and Infrastructure Business Activities on Info Systems Planning and Effectiveness
Authors: Maroofi Fakhraddin
Published: December 2016

Theory suggests that additional core and infrastructure business activities would inspire additional strategic info systems planning that successively would lead to bigger planning effectiveness. 130 chief info officers in producing firms completed a form concerning the extent that their organization performed core and infrastructure business activities, and applied technical, personnel, and procedures planning. The findings showed that infrastructure activities cause all three styles of planning whereas core activities lead solely to procedures planning. Moreover, they showed that technical planning results in planning effectiveness whereas personnel and procedures planning don't. The findings suggest that future researchers would possibly attempt to uncover the explanations that core activities don't cause additional info systems planning. For practitioners, the findings suggest that managers rethink however their organizations reply to core and infrastructure wants, and whether or not they should modify their info systems planning.
Searching in the Past New Strategic Approaches
Authors: Savino Tommaso , Petruzzelli Antonio Messeni , Albino Vito
Published: December 2016

Starting from the increasing difficulties for firms to create new value for customers and consequently to achieve competitive advantage, the present paper proposes an alternative strategic approach based on the notion of tradition. Specifically, tradition is defined as the whole set of competencies, knowledge, values, and culture that characterize a specific firm, territory, and/or age. Analyzing three successful Italian companies (Barilla Group, Brunello Cucinelli Group, Aboca), the paper clearly shows how tradition may be effectively employed to face competition, allowing companies both to create and to appropriate value.
Students' Creativity and Entrepreneurial Learning for Developing Corporate Entrepreneurship
Authors: Secundo Giustina , Del Vecchio Pasquale , Passiante Giuseppina , Paoletto Mirco
Published: December 2016

The chapter aims to contribute at the discussion on the role of creativity in sustaining corporate entrepreneurship development by focusing on entrepreneurial learning in the context of incumbent enterprises. Empirical evidences coming from the case study of “Mimprendo” project (www.mimprendo.it), an initiative promoted by the Italian Conference of the University Colleges and the Italian Association of Young Entrepreneurs, are presented. Findings provides insights about the collaborative entrepreneurial learning as happening in the community composed by University students, entrepreneurs, and researchers to solve relevant managerial and entrepreneurial innovation's needs. Those evidences are at the basis of an integrated framework aimed to provide a coherent and a systematic view on the collaborative entrepreneurial learning processes to nurture, select, and implement creative ideas of universities students for sustaining the corporate entrepreneurship in incumbent companies.
Intercultural Nonverbal Communication Competence as Intercultural Responsiveness in the Second Language Learning Classroom
Authors: Yang Ping
Published: December 2016

This chapter examines the important role intercultural nonverbal communication competence plays as intercultural responsiveness in the second language learning classroom. The researcher reviewed relevant theory about intercultural nonverbal communication competence and focused on the research question. First, nonverbal communication styles are part of a culture, and the differences between low-context culture and high-context culture are represented in direct and indirect communication style in classroom communication activities. Second, speakers from different cultures use different nonverbal communication rules and behave differently and this can cause misunderstanding. Third, intercultural nonverbal communication differs between people from polychronic culture and those from monochronic culture. Different time concepts result in different behaviour patterns. Second language teachers should undertake training in intercultural nonverbal communication to facilitate students learning. The pedagogical implications for the second language teachers are discussed.
A Game Theory Coopetitive Perspective for Sustainability of Global Feeding
Authors: Carfì David , Donato Alessia , Panuccio Dania
Published: December 2016

Throughout this study, the authors propose possible agreements among different food producers, in order to develop a new better conceived diet for the future generations, by using a coopetitive approach and game theory. Specifically, the authors shall consider food producers and sellers of vegan (respectively, vegetarian) and non-vegan (or non-vegetarian) food. The coopetitive approach used by the authors provides a mathematical game theory model, which could help producers of vegan food a simpler entry in the market and free significant publicity. Meanwhile, the model could allow producers of non-vegetarian food a smooth transaction to vegetarian and vegan production. In particular, authors propose an agreement setting among McDonald's and Muscle of Wheat, because they think that Muscle of Wheat cannot enter a global market without the help of a large food producer already in the market. The game theory model represents an asymmetric R&D alliance between McDonald's and Muscle of Wheat.
Medical Simulation as an Instructional Tool in Health Education
Authors: Lerant Anna , Bates Oliver Jason , Holder Michael G. , Orledge Jeffrey D. , Rockhold Robin (Rob) W. , Kyle Richard , Murray Willie Bosseau
Published: December 2016

The purpose of this chapter is to provide a background and a worked example of using the Instructional Design System (ISD) as applied to a complex real life example. Specifically, the authors demonstrate the use of ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) for building the instruction curriculum of the skills of intubation. The majority of the planning time should be spent on the Needs Analysis and Design. The Learning Objectives, prepared during the Design phase, should be written as Objective Observable Behaviors, which can then serve as the assessments for Evaluation. The content includes two examples of the application of ADDIE: firstly a task that requires a large cognitive component and where simulators and mannequins are readily available. Secondly, a task that requires a high level of psychomotor skills where suitably realistic mannequins are not available, and virtual reality needs to be used as an additional educational modality.
Introducing Collaborative Care
Authors: Doll Joy , Maio Anna , Haddad Ann Ryan , Jergenson Margaret , Paschal Karen A. , Packard Katie , Potthoff Meghan , Huggett Kathryn N. , Todd Martha
Published: December 2016

This chapter describes the development and implementation of an innovative course in interprofessional education (IPE), which ensures a large number and variety of health professions students have the appropriate foundations to collaborate. A description of the institution and the process of implementing interprofessional education is followed by a presentation of challenges and then solutions to address them in the creation of the course. Future research avenues in interprofessional education will be explored. This chapter will provide practical application of concepts for other institutions attempting to design and implement introductory interprofessional education for large numbers of students.
The Impact of Accreditation on Student Learning Outcomes
Authors: Brahimi Tayeb , Sarirete Akila , Ibrahim Rania Mohammed
Published: December 2016

In recent years, student outcomes in higher education has captured the interest and concern of accreditation communities, governments, employers as well as international organizations. Student outcomes is becoming the principal gauge of higher education's effectiveness and accreditation bodies expect learning outcomes to be well defined, articulated, assessed, verified, and used as a guide for future improvement. The paper investigates the impact of accreditation on student outcomes in higher education and examines the impact of two accreditation bodies on student outcomes, namely: The National Commission for Academic Accreditation and Assessment (NCAAA) established by the Higher Council of Education in Saudi Arabia and the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology Inc. (ABET). Results from a course in Mathematics at Effat University, Jeddah, KSA, showed how important the learning outcome is in the process of re-evaluating strategies and methodologies used in the learning process.
Methodology for the Elaboration of Quizzes using Propositional Logic Calculus in an E-Learning Environment
Authors: Vargas-Vera Maria
Published: December 2016

This paper introduces the use of propositional logic calculus in the elaboration of educational quizzes to assess the level understanding of students in a specific theme of their courses. The technique introduced in this paper goes beyond multiple-choice quizzes. The technique requires several steps like a) to give a phrase, b) to re-order words of the given phrase in order to form a propositional logic formula, c) to make use of background knowledge for performing substitutions, d) to answer questions from one of the person in the team, e) to change synonyms/antonyms (if this is feasible), f) to perform actions in order to give value to both or at least one operand of the logic formula and g) to conclude the final answer of the logic formula (true or false) depending of the logic values of the operands in the logic formula. As a working example, the author shows a quiz for universal history, however, the same technique could be used to assess students in different courses.
Zero-Crossing Analysis of Lévy Walks and a DDoS Dataset for Real-Time Feature Extraction
Authors: Gonzalez Jesus David Terrazas , Kinsner Witold
Published: December 2016

A comparison between the probability similarities of a Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) dataset and Lévy walks is presented. This effort validates Lévy walks as a model resembling DDoS probability features. In addition, a method, based on the Smirnov transform, for generating synthetic data with the statistical properties of Lévy-walks is demonstrated. The Smirnov transform is used to address a cybersecurity problem associated with the Internet-of-things (IoT). The synthetic Lévy-walk is merged with sections of distinct signals (uniform noise, Gaussian noise, and an ordinary sinusoid). Zero-crossing rate (ZCR) within a varying-size window is utilized to analyze both the composite signal and the DDoS dataset. ZCR identifies all the distinct sections in the composite signal and successfully detects the occurrence of the cyberattack. The ZCR value increases as the signal under analysis becomes more complex and produces steadier values as the varying window size increases. The ZCR computation directly in the time-domain is its most notorious advantage for real-time implementations.
Control System of Powered Wheelchairs Based on Tongue Motion Detection
Authors: Lu Liao , Deng Ping Yi , Wu Ying , Bai Jie Jun , Zhang Yun Xiao , Xiang Yi , Shi Liang Jin , Yang Rusen
Published: December 2016

A new intelligent powered wheelchair is urgently needed for the individuals with tetraplegia and similar impairments who are unable to use the standard joystick. Based on the tongue motion detection, a new control system is introduced in this paper which is helpful for users to operate powered wheelchair efficiently and easily. This article introduces two control modes, including tongue motion control mode and infrared control mode. Wherein the infrared control mode mainly use the infrared controller. The tongue motion can be detected with several vibration film sheets that were embedded in the headset and a standard analog signal can be generated with embedded controller to control the wheelchair. The tongue motion drive system integrated into headset was developed and the control of the wheelchair has been tested moving along the designed route. Preliminary results show that the system is simple and convenient to control powered wheelchair with low cost, which has potential application in intelligent control domain.
Future Trends in Mobile-Fixed Integration for Next Generation Networks
Authors: Cortés-Polo David , Calle-Cancho Jesús , Carmona-Murillo Javier , González-Sánchez José-Luis
Published: December 2016

In recent years, the growth the in the number of heterogeneous interconnected systems, as well as the emergence of new requirements in applications and services are progressively changing the original simplicity and transparency of the Internet architecture. When this architecture was designed, the main goal was to interconnect stationary host. Therefore, the appearance of mobile communications has made necessary to adapt traditional protocols in order to accommodate mobile users. This implies a new interaction between the mobile network and the fixed access network. This paper describes the main IP mobility protocols both centralized and distributed paradigms, and emergent approaches based on software defined networking. Moreover, a novel classification is presented, which relates the integration of the mobility protocol with the access network. Analytical models evaluate the registration updates cost and the packet loss rate of the classified protocols.
Biomedical Science and Engineering: a new multidisciplinary journal dealing with modern regenerative medicine strategies
Authors: Chiono Valeria
Published: December 2016

Not available.
Manufacturability and mechanical testing considerations of metallic scaffolds fabricated using selective laser melting: a review
Authors: Sing Swee Leong , Miao Yixin , Wiria Florencia Edith , Yeong Wai Yee
Published: December 2016

Selective laser melting (SLM) allows the direct fabrication of metal functional parts with complex shapes from digital models. In particular, metallic scaffolds with lattice structures and controlled porosity for orthopedic applications have recently gained interest, exploiting SLM manufacturing technique. In this review, the current developments in SLM for metallic scaffolds fabrication has been highlighted. The paper focuses on the manufacturability of metallic scaffolds by SLM and their mechanical properties. This paper will serve as a guidance for implementing SLM for manufacturing medical devices.
Nerve guidance conduits based on bi-layer chitosan membranes for peripheral nerve regeneration
Authors: Ruini Francesca , Tonda-Turo Chiara , Raimondo Stefania , Tos Pierluigi , Pugliese Pierfrancesco , Geuna Stefano , Ciardelli Gianluca
Published: December 2016

Chitosan (CS), a derivative of the naturally occurring biopolymer chitin, has been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications including peripheral nerve repair because of its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, readily availability and antibacterial activity. In this work, bi-layer CS flat membranes were developed to be easily manipulated and rolled to obtain flexible nerve guidance channels (NGCs). These bi-layer membranes were prepared via solvent casting technique and their chemical composition was previously optimized to realize flexible membranes to be enwrapped for NGC formation. Two kinds of CS films cross-linked with different crosslinking agents were combined to produce scaffold structures with both good biocompatibility and the desired mechanical strength imparted by the inner and the outer layer, respectively. A tight connection between the two layers was achieved and the physicochemical and mechanical properties of CS bi-layer membranes were investigated. Additionally, bi-layer membranes were used for bridge implantation across 10-mm long median nerve defects in rats, and the outcome of peripheral nerve repair at 12 weeks post-implantation was evaluated by a combination of immunohistochemical and histological investigations.
Glacial geomorphology and till geochemistry of southern Melville Peninsula, Nunavut
Authors: Tremblay T , Lamothe M , Paulen R C
Published: December 2016

This report presents results from field work on southern Melville Peninsula during 2010, part of Geo-Mapping for Energy & Minerals (GEM) Multiple-metals - Melville Peninsula Geoscience Project. Along the coast of the peninsula, ice flow was warm-based and
seaward during late-glacial and deglacial time. Across the Rae Isthmus, ice flow was northward and reversed to the south along the southern coast during deglacial time. Ice-flow history and glacial geomorphology show that on the central part of Southern Melville, some cold-based regions persisted
during the last glaciation, and elsewhere the glacial regime was permanently or intermittently warm-based during that period. Complementing extensive pre-existing research, a focused drift sampling survey was conducted to assist mineral exploration in regions underlain by prospective bedrock but
mantled by glacial deposits of varying thickness. The silt-sized till matrix geochemistry, the heavy mineral concentrates from till mineralogy and mineralized erratic boulders were analyzed for base metals, gold, uranium, gemstone and diamond potential.
A Method for Classifying Pathological Gamblers According to “Enhancement,” “Coping,” and “Low Emotion Regulation” Subtypes
Authors: Juodis Marcus , Stewart Sherry H.
Published: December 2016

Pathological gamblers vary in their personality traits, psychopathological characteristics, and motivations for gambling. Methods for classifying them according to disseminated subtyping schemes, however, are not readily available, which may hinder further research on subtypes or efforts to incorporate subtyping schemes into clinical practice. With regard to affective motivations for gambling, we describe and evaluate a method for classifying pathological gamblers according to “enhancement,” “coping,” and “low emotion regulation” subtypes. Generalized squared distance was used to determine the best profile fit for 158 pathological gamblers on the basis of their Inventory of Gambling Situations (IGS) scores and in relation to refined IGS subtype profiles obtained through cluster analysis, these refined subtypes also having been validated via Gambling Motives Questionnaire scores. No gamblers were misclassified, suggesting that this method may perform well on cross-validation. For interested researchers and practitioners, an easy-to-use tool is available that automates this profile-matching approach to classification.  Additional research is needed on how this method fares in independent samples of regular gamblers and of individuals with gambling disorder.Les joueurs pathologiques varient quant à leurs traits de personnalité, leurs caractéristiques psychopathologiques et leurs motivations à jouer. Il n’existe cependant pas de méthodes facilement utilisables pour les classés selon des schémas de sous-types disséminés, ce qui risque de ralentir la recherche sur les sous-types ou les efforts déployés pour intégrer des schémas de sous-types à la pratique clinique. En ce qui concerne les motivations affectives au jeu, la présente étude décrit et analyse une méthode de classement des joueurs pathologiques reposant les sous-types suivants : la « stimulation », l’« adaptation » et la « faible régulation des émotions ». La distance généralisée au carré a été utilisée pour déterminer la « meilleure correspondance de profil » pour 158 joueurs pathologiques en fonction de leur score au questionnaire de la liste des occasions de jeu (LOJ) et relativement à des profils plus précis de sous-types de la LOJ obtenus au moyen d’une analyse typologique et validés à partir des résultats du questionnaire sur les motivations à jouer. Aucun joueur n’a été classé de manière erronée à l’aide de la méthode analysée, ce qui laisse entendre qu’elle peut être efficace dans le cadre d’une validation croisée. Un outil « facile d’emploi » permettant d’automatiser une telle approche de classification par association avec des profils se trouve ainsi accessible aux chercheurs et aux praticiens intéressés. Des recherches supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour déterminer l’efficacité de cette méthode avec des échantillons indépendants de joueurs ordinaires et de joueurs présentant un problème de jeu.
A Tribute to Dr. Karen Gough (Finlay)
Authors: Stewart Sherry H. , Yi Sunghwan
Published: December 2016

no abstract available
Nič več obljubljena dežela: dinamični premiki na slovenskem prevajalskem trgu in področju izobraževanja prevajalcev
Authors: K. Pokorn Nike
Published: December 2016

Namen članka je predstavitev razvoja prevajalskega trga, izobraževanja prevajalcev in poklica prevajalca na Slovenskem. Po kratkem pregledu slovenskih visokošolskih programov izobraževanja prevajalcev se članek na osnovi podatkov AJPES-a o poslovnih subjektih, ki so leta 2014 za svojo osrednjo dejavnost navedli prevajanje, in študije trga iz leta 2007 (Fišer 2008) osredotoči na spremembe prevajalskega trga. Opisano stanje je potem primerjano s podatki o zaposljivosti in povprečnemu zaslužku diplomantov Oddelka za prevajalstvo UL, pridobljenimi z anketama Oddelka za prevajalstvo in mednarodnega združenja CIUTI. Rezultati raziskav trga kažejo, da je prevajalska dejavnost na Slovenskem v nenehnem vzponu in da je slovenski prevajalski trg, podobno kot drugi evropski trgi, postal žrtev globalizacije dejavnosti, profitabilnost dejavnosti pa se ne odraža nujno tudi v prejemkih posameznih prevajalcev – ti so pogosto potisnjeni v položaj mezdnih delavcev, ki izgubljajo status strokovnjakov. V luči sodobnega trenda, ki vodi k pavperizaciji poklica, je na koncu poudarjena pomembna vloga stanovskih združenj.
Immune responses induced in rabbits after oral administration of bovine serum albumin in combination with different adjuvants (herb extracts, aluminium hydroxide and platinum nanoparticles)
Authors: Bižanov G. , Ramanavičienė A. , Normantienė T. , Jonauskienė I.
Published: December 2016

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the immunostimulatory activity of 10 different herbal extracts from Vitex agnus-castus, Vinca major, Aloe arborescens and the polyherbal product containing extracts from Sambucus nigra, Primula versis, Pinus alba, Gentiana lutea, Cetraria islandica, Eucaliptus globulus, Citrus limon and aluminium hydroxide, as well as platinum nanoparticles. Rabbits were immunized three times orally with bovine serum albumin (BSA) in combination with the components mentioned above. BSA-specific IgA antibodies in saliva and IgG antibodies in serum were examined by ELISA. It was found that the rabbits immunized with BSA in combination with either platinum nanoparticles or aluminium hydroxide had higher titres of BSA-specific IgA antibodies in their saliva at day 56 of observation. Likewise, rabbits treated with BSA and Vinca major or Aloe arborescens extracts showed higher levels of BSA-specific IgG antibodies in the serum at the end of observation. These results suggest that some plant extracts, aluminium hydroxide and platinum nanoparticles components could be used as oral adjuvants or as immunomodulators for rabbits.
Short communication: Absence of campylobacter spp. In intensive rabbit farming in eastern Spain, preliminary results
Authors: Marín C. , Soto V. , Marco-Jimenez F.
Published: December 2016

Campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis are the most frequently reported zoonoses and among the most common causes of diarrhoeal illness in the European Union and the United States, and their incidence appears to be increasing. Campylobacter species are routinely found in poultry, swine, cattle, dairy cows and sheep. So far, there are few descriptions of Campylobacter isolation from rabbits. Rabbit meat is a common item in the Mediterranean diet. In this context, the aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in healthy rabbits reared in intensive farms in the Alto Palancia region, eastern Spain. Caecal contents from 70 healthy does reared on 7 different farms were collected. Bacteriological culture was performed in accordance with ISO 10272-1:2006. All samples tested negative for Campylobacter spp. To our knowledge, this is the first study in which comprehensive monitoring was specifically carried out in order to provide data on the occurrence of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in large intensive rabbit farms in Spain. However, further microbiological studies throughout the Spanish territory are needed to determine the prevalence and risk of other foodborne pathogens in rabbits at farm level.
Influence of Television Advertising on Behavior of Children across Socioeconomic Backgrounds
Authors: Bahuguna Rachana , Jain Atul , Suryavanshi Divya , Chauhan Hemlata , Khan Suleiman A , Thakur Ruchi
Published: December 2016

Introduction

This research analyzed the influence of television on the behavior of children belonging to urban and rural socioeconomic backgrounds of Bhopal city and its vicinity.

Materials and methods

About 400 parents with children between 1 and 18 years of age were subjected to a self-designed questionnaire, which sought information regarding the television viewing habits of children. Differences in responses were noted between the subjects of urban and rural areas. Obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis using Pearson's chi-square test to determine the level of significance.

Results

The urban class showed a dominating pattern in the positive aspects of television viewing, such as significantly better awareness of oral health, more emphasis shown toward oral care adverts, and a higher knowledge of the cause of dental caries. However, the urban class also possessed a poor attitude; the appearance of a dentist on television did not remind them about oral needs, products with gifts pleased their children to a greater extent, they had more demanding children, parents fulfilled their children's demand more, and they relied on the self for selection of toothpaste. Overall, in all aspects, the rural class lacked significantly.

Conclusion

Television exerts a positive as well as negative influence on children's behavior among urban and rural communities, with the influence being more obvious in the urban class.

Clinical significance

The results of this study can be utilized in bringing about better and effective advertising oriented toward attaining optimum oral health of children; overall general health through adverts that discourage obesogenic diet and promote a diet rich in protein and fiber can also be focused on.

How to cite this article

Bahuguna R, Jain A, Suryavanshi D, Chauhan H, Khan SA, Thakur R. Influence of Television Advertising on Behavior of Children across Socioeconomic Backgrounds. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(1):52-56.
Perfil epidemiológico da sífilis congênita no Brasil no período de 2008 a 2014
Authors: Benito Linconl Agudo Oliveira , De Souza Warlei Nunes
Published: December 2016

A sífilis merece destaque por ser uma doença infecciosa, sistêmica de abrangência mundial e evolução crônica causada pelo Treponema pallidum. Tem o homem como único hospedeiro, transmissor e reservatório. Sua transmissão ocorre de forma sexual ou vertical. A presente pesquisa objetivou avaliar a incidência da sífilis gestacional por regiões brasileiras no recorte histórico de 2008 a 2014, descrevendo o perfil epidemiológico das gestantes que tiveram sífilis, verificando em quais regiões do Brasil tiveram maior e menor incidência e avaliando quanto à realização do pré-natal, faixa etária das gestantes, diagnóstico e tratamento do parceiro. Trata-se de estudo classificado enquanto transversal e descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em agosto de 2015, a partir do banco de dados disponível na Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (SVS) do Ministério da Saúde (MS), onde contém informações das fichas do Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Foram notificados 91.466 casos de sífilis gestacional no país mostrando uma série ascendente ano a ano. A maioria das gestantes realizaram pré-natal 74.2% (n=48.990), possuíam de 20 a 29 anos 51.4% (n=47.045) e baixo nível de instrução 21,5% (n=19.730). O tratamento inadequado das gestantes e a falta de tratamento dos parceiros mostram-se como realidade no Brasil. A incidência de sífilis gestacional e congênita é indicadora da qualidade da assistência pré-natal. O aumento dos coeficientes epidemiológicos, nos últimos sete anos (07), reforça a necessidade de ações voltadas para o controle desse importante agravo.
Shifts and Naturalness: A Case Study of Sura Ya'sin
Authors: Mahvabadi Hanie
Published: December 2016

This paper is an attempt to study the Zwart’s comparative model of shifts and Nida’s naturalness applied in Persian to English translations of the Holy Qur’an. To achieve the purpose of the research, after considering the historical background related to this study, the researchers selected three English translations of the Holy Qur’an by Saffarzadeh (2005), Pickthall (1930) and Yusuf Ali (1977). As a next step, the first thirty verses of sura “Ya'sin” were considered and the Persian verses were contrasted with their English renderings. Then 51 shift cases were identified, and based on the Zwart’s comparative model of shifts, the number of naturalness were classified. Finally, the frequency of shift cases and naturalness were calculated. Based on the obtained results, the researchers concluded that the highest number of applying the shifts belongs to Pickthall with 21 cases. Furthermore, the most frequent naturalness found belongs to Saffarzadeh, which is exactly 47.54% of the total occurrence of the naturalness. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and Spearman’s Correlation test and its significance at the level zero; therefore, there is not any direct effect between these two factors i.e., Zwart’s comparative model of shifts and naturalness applied in Persian to English translations.
A Social E-Learning Experience in the Raval Neighbourhood: Human Perceptions and Community Development
Authors: Amat Ana , Alvarez Isabel
Published: December 2016

The aim of this study is based on the analysis of a socio-educational programme, from a relational and real-life perspective, enriched by John Dewey's Theory concerning experiences of aesthetic quality. The e-learning is an omnia point located in the Raval neighbourhood in Barcelona, Spain. The methodology is qualitative and interpretative, and concentrates on the study of one particular case, with in-depth interviews with key contributors. The results obtained underline the importance of the study as regards the promotion, creation and consolidation of human relationships, networking and, consequently, the personal development of the participants. Finally, the conclusions presented are related to the community experiences of aesthetic quality, particularly insofar as they impinge on interpersonal relationships, their influence on learning, each association's connections with the community and networking as a means of communication among all the associations in the neighbourhood, which makes it possible to organise socio-cultural events in which all the residents in the neighbourhood are given a voice, thus promoting the development of community.
Ureteral Endometriosis and Silent Renal Loss: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Rato Inês , Leitão Tito , Castro Catarina , Carvalho Catarina , Barata Sónia , Lopes Tomé , Calhaz Jorge Carlos , Osório Filipa
Published: December 2016

Objective

To present six cases of ureteral endometriosis with renal loss managed by a multidisciplinary minimally invasive approach.

Introduction

Severe ureteral endometriosis can potentially lead to urinary tract obstruction and silent loss of renal function. Nephrectomy should be considered and may be performed by a multidisciplinary minimally invasive approach.

Material and methods

Retrospective observational study of patients with deep endometriosis with ureteral involvement and consequently loss of renal function who underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy between April 2009 and April 2016 in a tertiary care university hospital. The clinical presentation, imaging characteristics, surgical findings, surgical procedures, operative time, blood loss, postoperative analgesic administration, mean hospital stay and recurrence rates were analyzed.

Results

The mean age of patients was 28 years (range 26 to 40). Mean overall operative time for the laparoscopic procedures was 382 minutes (range 310 to 705). Mean blood loss was 200 cc and there were no intraoperative complications in our series with no need to laparotomy conversion. Mean overall hospital stay was 157 hours (range 48 to 364). Regarding complications, a case of pyelonephritis and one of urinary retention were registered, the latter requiring bladder neurostimulation 2 years after surgery. All women remain asymptomatic in follow-up.

Conclusions

In ureteral deep endometriosis, nephrectomy should be considered for significant renal functional impairment associated with persistent ureterohydronephrosis and renal parenchymal atrophy. It may be performed by laparoscopy with minimal morbidity, minimal postoperative discomfort, and a short hospital stay.
A 10-Year Study of Endometriosis in an Indigenous Black African Population
Authors: Ajayi Abayomi B. , Ajayi Victor D. , Biobaku Oluwafunmilola , Oyetunji Ifeoluwa , Aikhuele Happiness , Atiba Adedamilola , Afolabi Bamgboye M.
Published: December 2016

Background

Endometriosis is a debilitating disease in women of child-bearing age.

Objective

To describe the pattern of presentation, stage of endometriosis and biophysical profile of patients with endometriosis.

Method

A retrospective study of 61 consecutive infertile patients between June 2003 and November 2014.

Results

The means (±SD) of age (years) and of body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) of the patients were 34.1 (4.3) and 25.8 (5.0), respectively. A relatively high percentage (43, 70.5%) of the women were in the age range of 31-40 years; had normal BMI (27, 44.3%); were nulliparous (53, 86.9%) and were of primary infertility (40, 65.6%). The mean (±SD) age at menarche, of cycle length, of the duration of flow and of years trying to conceive were 12.9 (1.7) years, 29.1 (2.7) days, 4.7 (1.1) days and 5.2 (3.8) years, respectively. A high proportion of them (37, 60.7%) presented with severe endometriosis. The main symptoms at presentation was dysmenorrhea (47, 73.8%). Of the 32 (52.5%) with associated utero-tubal factor, 20 (62.5%) were in severe stage of endometriosis. Among women with endometriosis, those with primary infertility were over three times more likely to present with menorrhagia than those with secondary infertility (χ² = 4.70; p value = 0.03; OR = 3.33; 95% CI = 1.10, 10.12). Only 3 (4.9%) had diagnosis of endometriosis in first-degree relative. Dysmenorrhea was a strong predictor of severe endometriosis.

Conclusions

There may be some trends in the biophysical profile of infertile women with endometriosis which may influence diagnosis and management.
Minimizing muscle fatigue through optimization of electrical stimulation parameters
Authors: Rouhani Hossein , Rodriguez Karen Elena , Bergquist Austin J , Masani Kei , Popovic Milos R
Published: December 2016

Rapid onset of muscle fatigue in response to electrical stimulation is a major challenge when designing a neuroprosthesis. This study aimed to introduce a decision-making algorithm to optimize pulse amplitude and pulse duration, for current regulated electrical stimulators, to attain a target joint torque level while minimizing muscle fatigue. We measured ankle torque produced by different pairs of pulse amplitude and pulse duration applied to the plantar-flexors. In each session, we measured the maximum generated torque and calculated muscle fatigue (fatigue time and torque-time integral). Then, we determined the pulse amplitude and pulse duration pair that generated a target level of torque while minimizing muscle fatigue. High bilateral symmetry and day-to-day repeatability was observed for the torque time-series between the left and right plantar-flexors of each participant (median correlation coefficient = 0.95). Compared to the average fatigue obtained by various pulse amplitude and pulse duration pairs for a given level of torque, delivering pulses with the optimal pair reduced fatigue on average by 22.5% according to fatigue time and 6.6% according to torque-time integral. We created an empirical model describing how pulse amplitude and pulse duration can be modulated to generate specific levels of plantar-flexion torque with minimum muscle fatigue.
Employment Preference of Undergraduate Accounting Students in Botswana: Perceptional Analysis of Practitioners and Students
Authors: Baliyan Pritika Singh , Baliyan Som Pal
Published: December 2016

This exploratory and descriptive study analyzed factors influencing employment choice of accounting graduates in higher education institutions in Botswana. Graduates’ preference to type of employer and size of employer were also analyzed. Data was collected through a survey of randomly selected 120 final year undergraduate accounting students from four randomly samples private higher education institutions in Botswana. Also, 60 accounting practitioners were purposively selected for data collection for comparing their perceptions with students on employment preference factors. Data analysis was accomplished using descriptive and inferential statistical tools of mean, frequency, ranking and Chi Square test. Students ranked flexible work schedule and work-life balance, initial salary and, opportunity for advancement as the three most important employment factors while practitioners ranked initial salary, opportunity for advancement and employer reputation and prestige as the three most important employment factors . It was therefore, recommended that employers should not only establish a good reputation but also, should create a conducive socio-economic environment by combining flexible working life with good salary offer to attract and retain employees. Students ranked private accounting jobs as their top preferred jobs. Students preferred large size employers over medium and small size employers. Reasons for preferring private accounting jobs and, large size employers should be investigated enabling accounting employers and, especially small and medium size employers, respectively in formulating appropriate strategies for attracting prospective employees in accounting profession.
Impact of Prevailing HRM Practices on Job Satisfaction: A Comparative Study of Public and Private Higher Educational Institutions in India
Authors: Qazi Sayeeduzzafar , Jeet Vikram
Published: December 2016

A sound HRM system can be generated through the effective HRM practices. HRM practices refer to all activities that are directed towards the management of human resources and the employment of the resources for fulfillment of desired organizational objectives. Job satisfaction “as summation of employees feelings in four important areas namely, job, management, personal adjustment and social relations”. The present study was conducted on 526 faculty members randomly drawn of Government and Private affiliated higher educational institutions of India using questionnaire method. The results indicates that faculty member of government higher educational institutes has a moderate level of satisfaction with the overall HRM practices. Employees were more satisfied with training, teamwork and employee participation and satisfied to small extent with performance appraisal and compensations. The study also revealed that there is no significant difference between the government and private educational institution’s faculty scores on all HRM practices. A significant positive correlation has been obtained among the job satisfaction with the dimensions of the human resources management in both government and private higher educational institution’s faculty members.
Evaluating the Productive Efficiency of Jordanian Public Hospitals
Authors: Sultan Wasim I. , Crispim José
Published: December 2016

Jordan is committed to providing healthcare services for more than a million refugees coming from bordering countries in the last five years and face increasing demand for the services of public hospitals. Their efficiency is a key success factor to manage the unique and complex context effectively. This research investigated the technical and scale efficiency of the Jordanian Public Hospitals. The study applied constant and variable returns to scale input-oriented DEA models to rank hospitals and allocate the factors associated with inefficient operations. The work tested 27 general public hospitals from 2010 to 2014, in total, 135 observations were examined with respect to four input-measures and three output-measures. The output-measures characterize three functional areas; inpatient, outpatient, and ambulance and emergency departments. Further, decomposing the technical efficiency allowed considering for scale effects. Findings revealed that 25 observations out of 135 ones were efficient and constructed the efficient frontier. Eight hospitals in 2014 were on the frontier, but weakly efficient and all suffered slacks. Targets and reference sets were identified to guide improvements. Hospitals were sorted into five performance patterns; promising, declining, stable good, stable poor, and unstable. The number of physicians and outpatient services recorded high slacks. On average, 2013 scored the best performance. Scale analysis shows that a capacity of 160 beds is an optimal production size in Jordan. Inefficient and weakly efficient hospitals can target areas of opportunities for performance improvements. The efficiency of Public hospitals in Jordan was not investigated since 1992. The study was limited to public hospitals from 2010 to 2014.
The Topp-Leone Generated Weibull Distribution: Regression Model, Characterizations and Applications
Authors: Aryal Gokarna R. , Ortega Edwin M. , Hamedani G. G. , Yousof Haitham M.
Published: December 2016

This paper introduces a new four-parameter lifetime model called the Topp Leone Generated Weibull (TLGW) distribution. This distribution is a generalization of the two parameter Weibull distribution using the genesis of Topp-Leone distribution.  We derive many of its structural properties including ordinary and incomplete moments, quantile and generating functions and order statistics. Parameter estimation using maximum likelihood method and simulation results to assess effectiveness of the distribution are discussed. Also, for the first time, we introduce a regression model based on the new distribution. We prove empirically the importance and flexibility of the new model in modeling various types of real data sets.