bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A smart, real-time, secure strategy for allocating and scheduling resources based on fog computing and the multi-objective crow search algorithm
Authors: Kumar Dharmendra
Published: March 2023

Fog computing is a new way of using computers that builds on standard cloud technology by taking advantage of the resources at the user's location to improve services. Because of its advantages, which include cheaper operational costs, better security, and lower network latency, it is the most often used option for many real-time applications. However, since each fog device is different, it is hard to figure out how to divide up and schedule resources. This paper proposes a novel approach for resource allocation and scheduling in a fog computing environment using a crow search mechanism and a multi-objective population-based evolutionary mechanism. The proposed work considers two goals: the security hit rate and the success rate. These two aims must be met to the greatest extent possible. A local search method improves how well the crow search algorithm (CSA) works. The suggested work uses the evolutionary method to figure out how to schedule and divide resources in a fog computing environment. We have contrasted the effectiveness of our suggested hybrid CSA with two other approaches, the original CSA and the Genetic Algorithm (GA), based on two metrics: success rate and security hit ratio. We have used seven different scenarios with different values for the parameters. We found that our proposed hybrid CSA outperformed other currently employed methods. The study's outcome also shows how well the suggested algorithm accomplishes its objectives.
Poverty line income and fisheries subsidies in developing country fishing communities
Authors: Teh Louise Siok Ling , Teh Lydia Chi Ling , Sumaila Ussif Rashid , Nava Alfredo Giron
Published: March 2023

Eradicating poverty and harmful fisheries subsidies are two pressing challenges frequently addressed in international agendas for sustainable development. Here we investigate a potential solution for addressing both challenges simultaneously by asking the hypothetical question: to what extent can harmful fisheries subsidies provided by a country finance the cost of lifting fishers out of poverty? Focusing on 30 coastal least developed countries, we find that fishers in 87% of these countries do not earn sufficient income to satisfy the extreme poverty line income of USD 1.90/person/day, and that it costs an estimated USD 2.2 to 2.6 billion to lift these fishers to different levels of poverty line incomes. Our analysis further suggests that at the country level, redirected harmful fisheries subsidies can cover the entire cost of covering the poverty income gap for between 37 to 43% of assessed countries. Our results provide quantitative evidence that can be used to support simultaneous progress towards achieving several Sustainable Development Goals, including those dealing with poverty reduction, food insecurity, and ocean sustainability.
GLONASS Signals Characteristics Analysis and Navigation Performance for Geostationary Satellites
Authors: Wang Meng , Shen Qiang , Tian Xiaobin , Xue Zhiqin
Published: March 2023

The utilization of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is becoming an attractive approach for autonomous navigation of the geostationary orbit (GEO) satellites. As one of the global navigation systems, the feasibility of using GLONASS in high orbit spacecraft has attracted attention. A receiver compatible with GLONASS has been mounted in the GEO satellites of TJS-2 and TJS-5 to demonstrate the ability of tracking signals and real-time orbit determination. In accordance with flight data, the GLONASS signal characteristics are analyzed, including the observations availability and distribution. When the side lobe signals are considered, the mean number of GLONASS satellites tracked increases from 1.8 to 5.8. The transmit power of each GLONASS satellite was estimated by using the C/N0 measurements. Based on the influence analysis results, we found that the side lobe signals transmit power plays an important role in increasing the number of observations. In particular, we investigate the characteristics, such as quantity, C/N0 and Doppler, of the GLONASS antipodal satellites signals tracked simultaneously in the GEO scenario. We give the navigation performance assessment based on GLONASS-only flight data through comparisons with the precision reference orbits. For single-epoch least square solutions, the root mean squares (RMS) of position differences in radial, along-track, and cross-track is 157.0, 29.5, and 21.5 m, respectively. The navigation accuracy is significantly improved when using the real-time orbit determination method and the RMS of position differences in radial, along-track, and cross-track is 5.19, 8.98, and 3.15 m, respectively.
Comparison of changes in health-related quality of life between elderly and non-elderly patients undergoing elective surgery for colorectal cancer
Authors: Watanabe Toshifumi , Ohno Ryo , Kajitani Ryuji , Sahara Kurumi , Munechika Taro , Matsumoto Yoshiko , Aisu Naoya , Kojima Daibo , Yoshimatsu Gumpei , Hasegawa Suguru
Published: March 2023

Purpose Elderly people are thought to be more likely than their non-elderly counterparts to experience a decline in activities of daily living (ADL) and quality of life (QOL) due to the onset and treatment of disease. In this study, we investigated whether there was an age-related difference in changes in health-related QOL indices after surgical resection of colorectal cancer.
Methods Patients who underwent elective surgery for primary colorectal cancer at our hospital between September 2017 and November 2021 were enrolled. Changes in QOL after surgery were evaluated after dividing the study population into a non-elderly (NE) group (younger than 75 years) and an elderly (E) group. A self-administered Short-Form 36-Item Health Survey was used as an index of QOL. The subscale and component summary scores before and 6 months after surgery were compared.
Results There was no significant difference in clinical or demographic characteristics between the NE group (n=166) and the E group (n=47). There was also no significant difference in worsening of indices of physical function after surgery in either group. In the NE group, there were significant decreases in role physical and role component summary scores and significant increases in general health, mental health, and mental component summary scores. In the E group, there were no significant changes in the subscale or component summary scores after surgery.
Conclusion There was no significant difference in QOL after surgery for colorectal cancer between elderly patients and non-elderly patients. Surgical resection for colorectal cancer should be considered even for elderly patients, while considering possible risk factors for worsening ADL and QOL.
The Cost of Addressing Food Insecurity: An Economic Analysis of the Implementation of a Hospital-Based Medical Food Pantry
Authors: Jacobs Molly , Haldeman Lauren , Sastre Lauren R
Published: March 2023

Background: This study compares the cost of implementing a Medical Food Pantry (MFP) serving food insecure (FIS) patients to the predicted hospital utilization costs incurred in the absence of a MFP by FIS patients.
Methods: This case-control study utilized propensity score matching was usedto match patients identified as FIS who received a voucher to a MFP to individuals in the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) to estimate healthcare utilization and costs. Participants were patients identified as food insecure during an in-patient stay who received a voucher for an emergency tailored food bag: carb controlled, sodium controlled, general healthful between June 2018-July 2019. Patients were grouped based on redemption status (redeemed a voucher (RV) =206, did not redeem (NRV) =336).
Results: FIS patients who did not redeem a voucher had higher average cost per inpatient visit compared to those who redeemed their voucher (RV: $13,464.87 vs. NRV: $15,238.63). They also had higher aggregate annual expenditures (RV: $46,112.52 vs. NRV: $50,071.59). The total cost of the MFP was estimated to be $300 per patient voucher redeemed resulting in estimated savings cost saving of $1773.76 per inpatient visit or $3,959.07 per year in healthcare cost.
Conclusions: While our previous work showed that a hospital-based MFP was associated with lower hospital readmissions, this research suggests that the cost of addressing nutritional risks through a hospital-based MFP is feasible and cost-effective.
Amplicon sequencing allows differential quantification of closely related parasite species: an example from rodent coccidia (Eimeria)
Authors: Ferreira Susana Carolina Martins , Jarquín-Díaz Víctor Hugo , Heitlinger Emanuel
Published: March 2023

Background: Quantifying infection intensity is a common goal in parasitological studies. We have previously shown that the amount of parasite DNA in faecal samples can be a biologically meaningful measure of infection intensity, even if it does not agree well with complementary counts of transmission stages (oocysts in case of Coccidia). Parasite DNA can be quantified at relatively high throughput using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), but amplification needs a high specificity and does not distinguish between parasite species. Counting of amplified sequence variants (ASVs) from high-throughput marker gene sequencing using a relatively universal primer pair has the potential to distinguish between closely related co-infecting taxa and to uncover the community diversity, thus being both more specific and more open-ended.
Methods: We here compare qPCR to the sequencing based amplification using standard PCR and a microfluidics PCR to quantify the unicellular parasite Eimeriain experimentally infected mice. We use multiple amplicons to differentially quantify Eimeria spp. in a natural house mice population.
Results: We show that sequencing based quantification has high accuracy. Using a combination of phylogenetic analysis and the co-occurrence network, we distinguish three Eimeria species in naturally infected mice based on multiple marker regions and genes. We investigate geographical and host related effects on Eimeria spp. community composition and find, as expected, prevalences to be largely explained by sampling locality (farm). Controlling for this effect, the novel approach allowed us to find body condition of mice to be negatively associated with Eimeria spp. abundance.
Conclusions: We conclude that amplicon sequencing provides underused potential for species distinction and simultaneous quantification of parasites in faecal material. The method allowed to detect a negative effect of Eimeriainfection on body condition of mice in the natural environment.
Examining the Nonlinear Effects of Neighborhood Housing +Transportation Affordability on Shared Dockless E-Scooter Trips Using Machine Learning Approach
Authors: YANG WOOKJAE , Ewing Reid
Published: March 2023

Despite the growing popularity and benefits of shared dockless e-scooter, there is controversy over whether this mode is an affordable travel mode for everyone. This paper explores the nonlinear relationship between shared dockless e-scooters and the location affordability of neighborhoods. By analyzing shared dockless e-scooter trip data collected between April 2019 and March 2020 from 1,886 census block groups in Los Angeles, we used a random forest method to investigate this nonlinear relationship. The variable importance plot revealed that economic variables (cost versus income) have greater explanatory power than others. In the partial dependency plots, neighborhoods spending more than 35% of their income on housing costs were more inclined to use e-scooters. On the other hand, when transportation represents more than 9% of household income, the e-scooter trip density decreases.
The results of this study highlight the importance of location-specific planning in promoting the effective use of shared dockless e-scooters as a sustainable and active transportation mode beyond simply focusing on costs and incentive programs.
Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index after Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy and Survival in Older Patients with Advanced Rectal Cancer
Authors: Amano Takahiro , Akiyoshi Takashi , Furuta Momoko , Saino Yoko , Mukai Toshiki , Hiyoshi Yukiharu , Nagasaki Toshiya , Yamaguchi Tomohiro , Kawachi Hiroshi , Fukunaga Yosuke
Published: March 2023

PurposeTo investigate the clinical impact of malnutrition on survival in older patients with advanced rectal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.
Methods We investigated the clinical significance of the geriatric nutrition risk index (GNRI) in 237 patients older than 60 with clinical stage II/III rectal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant long-course chemoradiotherapy or total neoadjuvant therapy followed by radical resection from 2004 to 2017. Pre-treatment and post-treatment GNRI were evaluated, and patients were divided into low (<98) and high (≥98) GNRI groups. The prognostic impact of pre-treatment and post-treatment GNRI levels on overall survival and disease-free survival were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results Fifty-seven patients (24.1%) before neoadjuvant treatment and 94 patients (39.7%) after neoadjuvant treatment were categorized as low GNRI. Pre-treatment GNRI levels were not associated with overall survival (p = 0.80) or disease-free survival (p = 0.77). Patients in the post-treatment low GNRI group had significantly poorer overall survival than those in the post-treatment high GNRI group (p = 0.0005). The multivariate analysis showed that post-treatment low GNRI levels were independently associated with poorer overall survival (hazard ratio, 3.25; 95% confidence interval, 1.26-8.36; p = 0.02). Although post-treatment GNRI levels were not associated with disease-free survival (p= 0.24), among the 50 patients with recurrence, post-treatment low GNRI levels were associated with poorer post-recurrence survival (p = 0.006).
Conclusion Post-treatment GNRI is a promising nutritional score associated with overall survival and post-recurrence survival in older patients with advanced rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.
Fungal community inside lichen: a curious case of sparse diversity and high modularity
Authors: Yang Ji Ho , Woo Jung-Jae , Oh Seung-Yoon , Kim Wonyong , Hur Jae-Seoun
Published: March 2023

Background
Lichens represent not only the mutualism of fungi and photosynthetic partners but also a compound microbial consortium harboring non-obligate fungi known as endolichenic fungi. While endolichenic fungi are known to exert a remarkable influence on lichen ecology through their crucial roles in nutrient cycling, bioprospecting and biodiversity, the enigmatic community structures of these fungal inhabitants remain shrouded in mystery, awaiting further exploration and discovery. To address this gap in knowledge, we conducted metabarcoding on two lichens, Dirinara applanta and Parmotrema tinctorum, and compared their microbial communities to those found in the pine bark to which the lichens were attached. Our hypothesis was that the endolichenic communities would exhibit distinct diversity patterns, community structures, network structures, and specialist composition compared to the surrounding epiphytic community.
Results
Our investigation has shed light on the clear demarcation between the endolichenic and epiphytic fungal communities, as they exhibit markedly different characteristics that set them apart from each other. This research demonstrated that the endolichenic communities contained fewer diverse fungi compared to the epiphytic communities. Through community similarity analysis, we observed that the two endolichenic communities shared more commonalities with each other than with the adjacent epiphytic communities. Moreover, we unveiled a striking contrast in the network structures between the endolichenic and epiphytic communities, as the former displayed a more modular and less nested features that is evocative of a potent host-filtration mechanism. Our statistical investigation unveiled that endolichenic communities possessed a high abundance of plant-associated fungi in their specialist category, underscoring the similarity between endolichenic fungi and the phyllosphere mycobiome.
Conclusions
Through our investigation, we have discovered that lichens exert a crucial "host-filtration" effect on the microorganisms within them, leading to less intricate and interconnected communities compared to the neighboring epiphytic environment. These observations provide valuable insights into the metagenomic architecture of lichens and offer a tantalizing glimpse into the unique mycobiome of these extraordinary life forms.
Artificial Intelligence Enabled Cognitive Computer-Centered Digital Analysis Model for Examination of the Children’s Mental Health
Authors: Agarwal Jyoti , Sharma Sachin
Published: March 2023

Mental health plays an important role for how a person act, think and feel. Specially in the case of students it’s become very crucial and they suffer from various kind of mental disorders due to educational , emotional and societal pressure. This paper proposes a Artificial Intelligence enabled cognitive computer-centered digital analysis model for the examination of children’s mental health. The objective of children mental health analysis using vocal spectrogram, a pseudo scientific technology, is to deduce deceit from mental health that is detected in the voice. With excessive stress being viewed as an indication of deceit, the technology seeks to distinguish between good mental health and bad mental health outputs in response to stimuli. In this study, we provide a Convolutional Neural network (CNN) based cognitive computer based model for detecting children mental health based on speech cues and deep learning. Automatic children mental health detection is developing into an intriguing study topic since communication between intelligent systems and humans is demanded to happen more frequently. Although the level of particular hormones, like as corti-sol, can be accurately measured to identify children’s mental health. Proposed CNN model validation is done using five different usability factors (learnability, efficiency, effectiveness, satisfaction and under-standability) to assess its utility and effectiveness and the results of 1 Springer Nature 2021 L A T E X template Artificial Intelligence Enabled Cognitive Computer-Centered Digital Analysis Model fo the initial tests indicate that the proposed model provides a promising tool for the examination of children’s mental health. This paper also discusses about how Reinforcement Learning(RL) and CNN algorithms can be used for continuous improvement of the proposed model.
Case report: Use indocyanine green to identify a rare case of hepatocellular carcinoma caused by nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and angiomyolipoma of liver
Authors: Xu Jingyi , Wang Liang , Li Chao , Xing Weina , Qian Xinye , Hu Wang , Wang Shuang , Gao Lu , Yang Yufan , Yan Jun
Published: March 2023

Due to non-specific clinical and radiological features, it is usually difficult to differentiate from angiomyolipoma of liver and hepatocellular carcinoma. This brings great uncertainty to our choice of surgical plan. In this paper, we reported a case of a 71 years old male patient who was admitted to our hospital because he found hepatic occupied disease in physical examination. After the comprehensive examination and evaluation, we considered that he might have multiple nodules angiomyolipoma of liver, and he was surgically removed. Then we performed surgical resection of the lesions. During the operation, we observed tumors with indocyanine green fluorescence imaging technology, and we believed that they are more likely to hepatocellular carcinoma. So, we decided to resect or ablate all lesions of the patient. Postoperative pathological examination showed that they were multiple nodules hepatocellular carcinoma. Following up after 3 months, no obvious space occupation was found on enhanced CT after operation. There is no doubt that this is pretty lucky.
Hybrid Vs Pure Hemorrhoidal Artery Ligation for the Treatment of Hemorrhoids: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Doughan Samer , Moussally Moustafa , Habib Salim , Mokalled Imad , Hout Walid El , Jaafar Narjes , Hafez Bassel , Deeba Samer
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Hemorrhoids are a common etiology of anal discomfort affecting up to half of the population. Treatment of hemorrhoids is variable; the choice of treatment is dependent on their grading. Surgical excision via conventional hemorrhoidectomy (CH) remains the gold standard treatment for high grade hemorrhoids. Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization (THD) is a less painful alternative to CH but associated with higher recurrence rates. A hybrid procedure has been recently adopted at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC) in which hemorrhoidal artery ligation and conventional hemorrhoidectomy are combined. The aim of this study was to compare the recurrence rate between the pure hemorrhoid artery ligation procedure and the hybrid procedure as treatment modalities for hemorrhoids.
Methods: A retrospective study was done at AUBMC comparing patients who underwent the hybrid procedures with those who underwent the pure THD. The patients were followed up to 5 years with a mean follow up of 6 months.
Results: Our results showed that the hybrid procedure was associated with a lower recurrence rate than the pure procedure (5.7% Vs 13 %, p-value 0.155). In addition, the hybrid group has a lower rate of complications.
Conclusion: The hybrid procedure comprises a novel technique for the treatment of hemorrhoids. It provides a safe alternative with lower complications rate compared to the pure procedure. Moreover, it provides a recurrence rate comparable to conventional hemorrhoidectomy with decreased postoperative pain.
Phylogeographic characteristics of reassortant DS-1-like G3P[8]-strains of rotavirus type A isolated in Nizhny Novgorod (Russia).
Authors: Morozova Olga , Sashina Tatiana , Epifanova Natalia , Velikzhanina Elena , Novikova Nadezhda
Published: March 2023

Since 2013, there has been an increase in reports of the spread of a double intergroup reassortant strain of rotavirus type A (RVA) with the genotype G3P[8] and other genes belonging to the second genogroup I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2. Our study found an increase in the proportion of G3P[8] with a short migration profile of genome segments in RNA-PAGE from 15% (2020-2021) to 53% (2021-2022) in Nizhny Novgorod (Russia). The VP7, VP4 and VP6 genes were sequenced by the Sanger method. It was found that the studied strains belong to the genotype G3P[8]-I2, and are reassortants between Wa- and DS-1-like rotaviruses. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that VP7 sequences of studied strains are closely related to DS-1-like G3P[8] RVA, which have been isolated in other countries. The RVAs isolated in Nizhny Novgorod carried the allele P[8]-3.1 of the VP4 gene, as well as other worldwide spreading G3P[8] DS-1-like reassortants. None of the VP6 sequences of studied G3P[8] RVA were included in the group with equine-like strains isolated in other countries. Most VP6 alleles of Nizhny Novgorod G3P[8] DS-1-like RVAs clustered with G2P[4], which were studied earlier. This fact may indicate a local reassortment of the spread strains.
Malignant cell related gene signature for patients with triple-negative breast cancer based on integrated analysis of single cell and bulk RNA sequencing
Authors: Yi Li , Zhao Kankan
Published: March 2023

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the heterogeneous cancer. TNBC tissues comprise of malignant epithelial cells and non-malignant epithelial cells. Our study aimed to identify differentially expressed gene between malignant epithelial cells and non-malignant epithelial cells and explore the roles of malignant cell related genes in TNBC.
Methods: Single cell transcriptome sequence data from GSE176078 were selected for the analysis of malignant and nonmalignant cells in the tumor microenvironment. The “Seurat”, “infercnv”, and “SCENIC” packages were applied to perform scRNA-seq analysis. The univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis were employed to construct malignant cell related signature in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). GSE58812 were used as external validation set. Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank method analysis was used to evaluate the overall survival (OS) of TNBC patient, and ROC curve were applied to validate the predictive ability of the malignant cell related signature in TNBC by calculating the area under the curve (AUC). Next, we evaluated clinical significance of the signature in TNBC. Finally, we evaluated the drug sensitivity.
Results: We identified 487 malignant cell related genes and developed a 10-malignant cell related gene signature with good performance for patients with TNBC. According to this signature, TNBC patients were ranked into a high-risk and a low-risk group with significantly different OS. The ROC curve showed that this signature had good performance for predicting the survival of TNBC patients both in the TCGA and test set. Moreover, the signature was correlated with T-stage, N-stage and stage of TNBC patients. Finally, drug sensitivity results showed that high-risk group patients may benefit from therapy targeting at PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway and low-risk group patients may benefit from therapy targeting at apoptosis signaling pathway.
Conclusion: We developed and validated a 10-malignant cell related gene signature with good performance for patients with TNBC by integrated analysis of single cell and bulk RNA sequencing data.
Class integration test order generation approach based on Sarsa algorithm
Authors: Li Yun , Zhang Yanmei , Ding Yanru , Jiang Shujuan , Yuan Guan
Published: March 2023

As a key step in integration testing, the research on the class integration test order generation problem is conducive to finding unknown bugs and improving the efficiency and quality of software testing. The challenge of this problem is sorting the classes to be integrated to minimize the required stubbing cost. However, the existing approaches of generating class integration test orders cannot satisfy this requirement well. Considering the excellent performance of reinforcement learning in sequence decision problems, this paper proposes a class integration test order generation approach based on Sarsa algorithm, which is belongs to a data-driven model-free reinforcement learning algorithm. This approach takes the stubbing complexity as the indicator to evaluate the stubbing cost and uses it to measure the quality of class integration test order. The Sarsa algorithm is used to train the agent, and three indicators such as test return, the number of removed inter-class dependencies, and the number of cycles are integrated into the design of the reward function to evaluate the merits of the current action. The optimal strategy is obtained in multiple training, so as to solve the class integration test order generation problem. The experimental results on 10 systems show that the class integration test order generation approach based on Sarsa algorithm can generate the class integration test orders with lower stubbing cost.
Membrane-bound complement regulator expression in peripheral nerves
Authors: Karbian Netanel , Eshed-Eisenbach Yael , Zeibak Marian , Tabib Adi , Sukhanov Natasha , Vainshtein Anya , Morgan B. Paul , Fellig Yakov , Peles Elior , Mevorach Dror
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: Homozygous CD59-deficient patients manifest with recurrent peripheral neuropathy resembling Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), hemolytic anemia and recurrent strokes. Variable mutations in CD59, leading to loss of function, have been described, and overall, 17/18 of patients with any mutation presented with recurrent GBS. Here we determine the expression and possible role of membrane-bound complement regulators including CD59, in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) of mice and humans.
MAIN: Methods. We examined the expression of membrane-bound complement regulators in the peripheral nerves of healthy humans and a CD59-deficient patient, as well as in wild-type (WT) and CD59a-deficient mice. Cross sections of teased sciatic nerves and myelinating dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neuron/Schwann cell cultures were examined by confocal and electron microscopy.
Results. We demonstrate that CD59-deficient mice display normal peripheral nerve morphology but develop myelin abnormalities in older age. They normally express P0, ankyrin G (AnkG), caspr, dystroglycan, and neurofascin. CD59 is colocalized with myelin basic protein (MBP) and P0 and is present in compact myelin and endothelium but absent from noncompact myelin. Furthermore, immunolabeling of WT nerves using antibodies to CD59 and AnkG revealed that CD59 was localized along the internode but was absent from the nodes of Ranvier. Finally, we show that the nodes of Ranvier lack other complement-membrane regulatory proteins, including CD46, CD55, CD35, and Crry, rendering this area highly exposed to complement attack.
CONCLUSION: Myelin in the human PNS is protected only by CD59 and CD55, and not by CD46 or CD35, rendering myelin in the PNS vulnerable to complement attack and demyelination in autoinflammatory Guillain-Barre syndrome, as seen in CD59 deficiency.
The Internal Structure of Io
Authors: Breuer Doris , Hamilton Christopher W. , Khurana Krishan
Published: March 2023

Io is a differentiated body with a silicate crust and mantle, and an iron-rich core. However, its internal structure, especially that of its mantle, differs from that of other terrestrial bodies, as a result of the intense heat supply by tidal dissipation. The amount and distribution of melt in Io’s interior strongly depend on the composition, as well as the heat and mass transport mechanisms operating at depth and in the near-surface. This article discusses melting processes and the mechanisms of magma segregation inside Io, informed by Earth-based observations and spacecraft measurements, as well as thermo-chemical and thermo-physical modeling.
On the intrinsic pinning and shape of charge-density waves in 1D Peierls systems
Authors: Cépas Olivier , Quémerais Pascal
Published: March 2023

Within the standard perturbative approach of Peierls, a
charge-density wave is usually assumed to have a cosine shape of weak
amplitude. In nonlinear physics, we know that waves can be deformed.
What are the effects of the nonlinearities of the electron-lattice
models in the physical properties of Peierls systems? We study in
details a nonlinear discrete model, introduced by Brazovskii,
Dzyaloshinskii and Krichever. First, we recall its exact analytical
solution at integrable points. It is a cnoidal wave, with a continuous
envelope, which may slide over the lattice potential at no energy cost,
following Fröhlich’s argument. Second, we show numerically that
integrability-breaking terms modify some important physical properties.
The envelope function may become discontinuous: electrons form stronger
chemical bonds which are local dimers or oligomers. We show that an
Aubry transition from the sliding phase to an insulating pinned phase
occurs when the model is no longer integrable.
The Role of Islamic Banks in Development of Halal Tourism: Evidence from Central Java Indonesia
Authors: Ismanto Kuat , Fachrurazi Fachrurazi , Mas'ad Muhammad Aunurrochim
Published: March 2023

Halal tourism has become a business trend in various countries, including Indonesia. Its existence requires the support of various sharia-based financial institutions, such as Islamic banks. However, its role in this industry has not yet been seen in the regions. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role and position of Islamic banks in the development of halal tourism, especially in regions in Indonesia. This research was conducted in Central Java which includes three cities, namely Pekalongan City, Semarang City, and Surakarta City. Two types of data are needed in this study, both primary and secondary. Data were collected through observations at destinations, and interviews with Islamic banks and tourism business actors. Secondary data is collected through the assessment of documents, such as journal articles, books, research reports, and websites. The results of this study show that Islamic banks are an important part of regional halal tourism which acts as a supporting facility in the form of institutions. The role of Islamic banks in the development of halal tourism has not been maximized, because there has not been good cooperation with tourism business actors. However, existing Islamic banks have played an indirect role well for tourism business actors (SMEs) and visitors. The position of Islamic banks in the development of regional halal tourism is as a supporting facility. In the halal tourism ecosystem, Islamic banks are part of the ecosystem. This study implies that halal tourism will develop quickly if it is supported by Islamic banks that play a special role in supporting the implementation of halal tourism.
The Potential of Millennial Muslim’s Halal Tourism During The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Susilawati Cucu , Abduh Muhamad , Kamaruddin Muhammad Iqmal Hisham , Sari Rosi Hasna
Published: March 2023

This research is motivated by the trend of increasing the tourism sector to 16.11 million people in 2019, which makes halal tourism such as one of the profitable industries in the global market. However, since the confirmed case of Covid-19 in March 2020, the tourism sector has decreased by 66.02% in April 2020. It is known that tourists visiting during the COVID-19 pandemic are tourists from the millennial generation. This study aims to find out how to implement halal tourism in Indonesia and to find out how the millennial generation has the potential to increase halal tourism during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study uses a mixed-method i.e. a combination of quantitative and qualitative. Based on the distribution of questionnaires to 300 respondents, the results stated that the millennial generation was interested in and carried out halal tourism. The conclusion is the millennial Muslim generation continued to carry out tourism during the pandemic by implementing strict health protocols. This research implies that halal tourism can still revive even though a pandemic hits it.
Effects of pumping flow rates on the estimation of hydrogeological parameters
Authors: Kirlas Marios C. , Nagkoulis Nikolaos
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we examine the accuracy of estimating the hydrogeological parameters, transmissivity (T) and storativity (S), in a confined aquifer, when there are not enough available data for pumping flow rate values. While the most popular methods, used to estimate aquifer characteristics, assume that the pumping flow rate is constant during pumping, this is practically infeasible. Violation of this assumption results in errors, which are examined in this paper using field drawdown measurements. To find the aquifer characteristics, we use two methods, testing various pumping flow rates. Firstly, we employ the Cooper -Jacob equations to calculate (T) and (S) values. Afterwards, we use these values to create hypothetical drawdowns using Theis equation and finally we estimate the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) between the actual and the hypothetical drawdowns. Then, we repeat the same process, replacing the Cooper -Jacob equations with Genetic Algorithms and Theis equation to find the aquifer characteristics by minimizing the RMSE between the actual and the hypothetical drawdowns. Although the process is applied only in three datasets, the results indicate that regardless of the method used, the obtained values of aquifer characteristics (T, S) are not considerably affected by inaccurate pumping flow rate estimations.
Filling observational gaps with crowdsourced citizen science rainfall data from the Met Office Weather Observation Website
Authors: O'Hara Tess , McClean Fergus , Villalobos Herrera Roberto , Lewis Elizabeth , Fowler Hayley J.
Published: March 2023

This paper demonstrates the potential for crowdsourced rainfall data to infill gaps in the official rain gauge network and to provide new datasets for use in research. We use data from the Met Office Weather Observation Website (WOW) over 10 years (2011–2020) to generate two open-source datasets for Britain; multi-parameter raw data in an easy-to-use format; and an hourly rainfall dataset. We have compiled and prepared the data and detail here station selection, rain depth calculation, and data resampling to hourly intervals to create a consistent dataset for further processing (including statistical quality control) and application. Mapping the new rainfall dataset establishes that WOW observations fill spatial gaps in the official ground-based rain gauge network over Britain, particularly in urban areas. This could be particularly useful for post-event analysis of rainfall that results in pluvial flash flooding. Here, we focus on Britain but due to agreements with meteorological services in Belgium, the Netherlands, Australia, New Zealand, Sweden, and the Republic of Ireland, plus many citizen scientists globally opting to share data via WOW, there is potential for the development of similar datasets using these methods around the world.
Analysis of Regional Transformations in the Russian Banking System
Authors: Domaschenko D. V.
Published: March 2023

Recent trends in changes in the institutional characteristics of the banking system of the Russian Federation at the regional level indicate a decrease in the total number of structural units. At the same time, the expansion of large federal players into the regions of the country continues through the optimization of the network of branches and additional offices. These processes do not affect the activity of the banking business in the field of lending to the population and other banking services. The trends of increasing credit indebtedness of individuals against the background of a decline in real wages in regions of Russian Federation pose a danger of deterioration in the quality of life. Simultaneously with the reduction in the number of regional offices by banks with foreign participation, there is an increase in the number of branches of banks of the largest Russian financial market brokers due to the rapid growth in the activity of private investors in the Russian stock market.
Hypoglycaemic, Hypolipidaemic and Antioxidant Properties of Celastrus paniculatus Seed Extract in STZ-induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Ahmad Md Fahim , Haidar Md Ali , Naseem Nida , Ahsan Haseeb , Siddiqui Waseem Ahmad
Published: March 2023

Background: Celastrus paniculatus is a herb used in the Ayurvedic system of medicine that has been reported to show multiple pharmacological properties. In this study, we explored the antioxidative, hypolipidaemic and hypoglycaemic potential of C. paniculatus methanolic seed extract (CPMSE) in high-fat diet (HFD)/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats.Materials and methods: Seeds of C. paniculatus were extracted in methanol using Soxhlet extraction method. A total of 36 rats were induced with STZ and HFD and treated with glibenclamide or various concentrations of CPMSE. Upon treatment, blood samples were collected and kidney and liver samples were homogenised. Serum biochemical estimation was performed using several diagnostic kits. Protein was estimated by bicinchoninic acid (BCA) method. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring malondialdehyde level and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity.Results: CPMSE caused improvements in glucose homeostasis, lipid profile, liver function and oxidative stress parameters in a dose-dependent manner. CPMSE significantly decreased the levels of fasting blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin as well as increased insulin level and total protein content. There was an increase in total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG) levels and reduction in high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) level. There was a decrease in serum levels of serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). CPMSE decreased LPO and increased CAT, SOD and GST activity.Conclusion: CPMSE has hypoglycaemic, hypolipidaemic and antioxidant properties by reducing the oxidative stress.Keywords: diabetes mellitus, Celastrus paniculatus, antioxidant, phytochemicals, phytonutrients, streptozotocin, high-fat diet
ORGANIZAÇÕES POSSUEM RECURSOS E CAPACIDADE PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL?
Authors: Dalmutt Kruger Silvana , Juttel Evandro , Zanin Antonio
Published: March 2023

O estudo tem por objetivo analisar os recursos favoráveis à capacidade de inteligência artificial de uma empresa de desenvolvimento de softwares empresariais.  A teoria da Visão Baseada em Recursos preconiza que os recursos tangíveis e intangíveis podem gerar diferenciação das empresas, criando vantagens competitivas, neste sentido o estudo agrega a Inteligência Artificial como um recurso disponível no ambiente organizacional. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de um estudo de caso, com aplicação de questionário para uma amostra de 78 colaboradores de uma empresa de desenvolvimento de software da região sudoeste do Paraná. A coleta dos dados ocorreu por meio de questionário eletrônico, composto por 65 questões. Os resultados demonstram que a empresa possui dez0 recursos favoráveis, com destaque para o desempenho da criatividade organizacional, desempenho organizacional, capacidade organizacional da mudança, proclividade ao risco, dados e coordenação interdepartamental. Quanto aos recursos de tecnologia, habilidades humanas empresariais, técnicas e recursos básicos, carecem de maior atenção e podem ser aprimorados, visando estabelecer posicionamento diferencial para a organização. Os achados indicam que os colaboradores percebem que a organização dispõe de recursos tangíveis e intangíveis, os quais podem favorecer a implementação e usabilidade da inteligência artificial como diferencial competitivo. O ramo de atividade da empresa estudada favorece a inserção de recursos de inteligência artificial, no entanto, a organização precisa estabelecer estratégias de capacitação e empatia com os colaboradores, para consolidar e fortalecer as capacidades existentes.
MAPEAMENTO DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA SOBRE GESTÃO DA INOVAÇÃO EM INCUBADORAS DE NEGÓCIOS
Authors: Ribeiro Machado Luiz Cláudio
Published: March 2023

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar as conexões e mapear a produção científica sobre Gestão da Inovação e Incubadoras de Negócios, assim como para ambientes similares às incubadoras, como as aceleradoras de negócios. A partir da análise das lacunas e contribuições dos estudos verificou-se então 4 grandes linhas de pesquisa que podem ser desenvolvidas para responder questões dentro de áreas da administração ligadas às disciplinas de processo decisório, gestão estratégica, finanças e administração pública. De modo geral a partir do mapeamento foi possível entender que a gestão da inovação é o centro da discussão dos trabalhos e que as incubadoras são tidas como os ambientes nos quais a inovação pode acontecer por meio do empreendedorismo. Nesse sentido, o impacto da incubadora para a inovação é realizado por intermediação junto aos empreendimentos que estão incubados. Assim, a forma como a incubadora gerencia seus processos pode impactar nos tipos de inovação que vão ser desenvolvidas pelos projetos dos empreendedores.
ESTUDO DE VIABILIDADE PARA UTILIZAÇÃO DE COMPOSTAGEM PARA RECICLAR OS RESÍDUOS VEGETAIS EM UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE ENSINO
Authors: Bortoli Alcinéia de , Delalibera Wesley , Santos Manoela Silveira dos , Rogis Flor Bertolini Geysler
Published: March 2023

A compostagem de resíduos orgânicos é um dos métodos mais antigos de reciclagem, no qual o resíduo é transformado em fertilizante orgânico. Este método de reciclagem vem sendo utilizado como alternativa para reutilização da matéria orgânica. Esse estudo teve por objetivo verificar como o Instituto federal do Paraná (IFPR) – Campus Cascavel pode utilizar a compostagem para reciclar os resíduos vegetais provenientes da manutenção das áreas verdes, de modo a reduzir os impactos ambientais e trazer benefícios à comunidade. Para realizar a análise de viabilidade técnica e financeira deste estudo utilizou-se do método de pesquisa qualitativa descritiva e exploratória, revisão de artigos publicados nas bases Scopus, Web of Science e Capes nos últimos cinco anos e entrevista semiestruturada com a gestora da instituição e um pesquisador da Embrapa/PR. Os principais resultados encontrados demonstram que existe viabilidade técnica para a implantação do processo de compostagem visto que o campus tem uma área de 31 mil m² de área verde que produz material orgânico que pode servir como insumo para a compostagem e, que ações de cooperação e engajamento pedagógico, através da educação ambiental a instituição em conjunto com a comunidade poderá encontrar viabilidade financeira para implantação da técnica de compostagem.
Natural Products as Potential Therapeutic Agents for SARS-CoV-2: A
Medicinal Chemistry Perspective
Authors: Aggarwal Varun , Bala Ekta , Kumar Pawan , Raizada Pankaj , Singh Pardeep , Verma Praveen Kumar
Published: March 2023

Coronavirus is a single-stranded RNA virus discovered by virologist David Tyrrell in 1960. Till now seven human corona viruses have been identified including HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. In the present scenario, the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak causing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, became the most serious pu-blic health emergency of the century worldwide. Natural products have long history and advantages for the drug discovery process. Almost 80% of drugs present in market are evolved from the natural resources. With the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, natural product chemists have made signi-ficant efforts for the identification of natural molecules which can be effective against the SARS-CoV-2. In current compilation we have discussed in vitro and in vivo anti-viral potential of natural product-based leads for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2. We have classified these leads in different classes of natural products such as alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, polyphenols, quinones, canna-binoids, steroids, glucosinolates, diarylheptanoids, etc. and discussed the efficacy and mode of ac-tion of these natural molecules. The present review will surely opens new direction in future for the development of promising drug candidates, particularly from the natural origin against coronaviru-ses and other viral diseases.
A Mini-review on Recent Advances in Synthesis of Dihydropyrano [3, 2-c]
Chromenes using Magnetic Nanocatalysts
Authors: Wahul Diksha B. , Katkar Santosh S.
Published: March 2023

The development of an active, selective, and long-term selective catalyst for the synthesis of biologically active heterocycles is still challenging. However, magnetic nanocata-lysts have divergent applications like high efficiency, selectivity, consumption, and reusabil-ity. The current review explores a detailed survey of the latest information on synthetic meth-ods of Pyrano [3, 2-c] chromene derivatives using different magnetic nanocatalysts. Numer-ous studies on the synthesis of these practical compounds have been stimulated by the special qualities and wide-ranging applications of pyrano coumarins and the nanoparticles were tested for their catalytic effectiveness in a one-pot, three-component reaction involving aldehydes, malononitrile, and 4-hydroxycoumarin for the synthesis of dihydropyrano [3, 2-c] chromenes (coumarins).