bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of NIS and SIS Nanojunctions with Aluminum Electrodes and Studies of Magnetic Field Influence on IV Curves
Authors: Tarasov Mikhail , Gunbina Aleksandra , Fominsky Mikhail , Chekushkin Artem , Vdovin Vyacheslav , Koshelets Valery , Sohina Elizaveta , Kalaboukhov Alexei , Edelman Valerian
Published: November 2021

Samples of superconductor–insulator–superconductor (SIS) and normal metal–insulator–superconductor (NIS) junctions with superconducting aluminum of different thickness were fabricated and experimentally studied, starting from conventional shadow evaporation with a suspended resist bridge. We also developed alternative fabrication by magnetron sputtering with two-step direct e-beam patterning. We compared Al film grain size, surface roughness, resistivity deposited by thermal evaporation and magnetron sputtering. The best-quality NIS junctions with large superconducting electrodes approached a resistance R(0)/R(V2Δ) factor ratio of 1000 at 0.3 K and over 10,000 at 0.1 K. At 0.1 K, R(0) was determined completely by the Andreev current. The contribution of the single-electron current dominated at V > VΔ/2. The single-electron resistance extrapolated to V = 0 exceeded the resistance R(V2Δ) by 3 × 109. We measured the influence of the magnetic field on NIS junctions and described the mechanism of additional conductivity due to induced Abrikosov vortices. The modified shape of the SINIS bolometer IV curve was explained by Joule overheating via NIN (normal metal–insulator–normal metal) channels.
An Alignment-Free Sensing Module for Noninvasive Radial Artery Blood Pressure Measurement
Authors: Zhan Binpeng , Yang Chao , Xie Fuyuan , Hu Liang , Liu Weiting , Fu Xin
Published: November 2021

Sensor–artery alignment has always been a significant problem in arterial tonometry devices and prevents their application to wearable continuous blood pressure (BP) monitoring. Traditional solutions are to use a complex servo system to search for the best measurement position or to use an inefficient pressure sensor array. In this study, a novel solid–liquid mixture pressure sensing module is proposed. A flexible film with unique liquid-filled structures greatly reduces the pulse measurement error caused by sensor misplacement. The ideal measuring location was defined as −2.5 to 2.5 mm from the center of the module and the pressure variation was within 5.4%, which is available in the real application. Even at a distance of ±4 mm from the module center, the pressure decays by 23.7%, and its dynamic waveform is maintained. In addition, the sensing module is also endowed with the capability of measuring the pulse wave transmit time as a complementary method for BP measuring. The capability of the developed alignment-free sensing module in BP measurement was been validated. Twenty subjects were selected for the BP measurement experiment, which followed IEEE standards. The experimental results showed that the mean error of SBP is −4.26 mmHg with a standard deviation of 7.0 mmHg, and the mean error of DBP is 2.98 mmHg with a standard deviation of 5.07 mmHg. The device is expected to provide a new solution for wearable continuous BP monitoring.
High Frequency Analysis and Optimization of Planar Spiral Inductors Used in Microelectronic Circuits
Authors: Pacurar Claudia , Topa Vasile , Giurgiuman Adina , Munteanu Calin , Constantinescu Claudia , Gliga Marian , Andreica Sergiu
Published: November 2021

This paper deals with high frequency analysis of spiral inductors, used in microelectronics circuits, to optimize their configuration. Software developed, designed, and implemented by the authors for nano and micrometre spiral inductor high frequency analysis, named ABSIF, is presented in this paper. ABSIF determines the inductance, quality factor, and electrical parameters for square, hexagonal, octagonal, and circular spiral inductors and their configuration optimization for energy efficiency. ABSIF is a good tool for spiral inductor design optimization in high frequency applications and takes into account the imposed technological limits and/or the designers’ constraints. A set of spiral inductors are considered and analysed for high frequency values using ABSIF, and the results are presented in the paper. The validation of ABSIF was completed by comparing the results with those obtained using a similar commercial software, Sonnet LiteTM, which is dedicated to high frequency electromagnetic analysis.
Effect of Institutional Trust on Consumers’ Health and Safety Perceptions and Repurchase Intention for Traceable Fresh Food
Authors: Wang Edward Shih-Tse , Lin Hung-Chou , Tsai Ming-Chie
Published: November 2021

Numerous food safety incidents have gained public attention and motivated consumers to seek safer and healthier products. Some governments have responded by enacting legislation to regulate the traceability of agricultural products and enhance food safety. To elucidate factors that affect consumers’ health and safety perceptions and repurchase intention for certified traceable fresh food, this study applied institutional trust theory to explore the effects of institutional trust (i.e., trust in government, certification organizations, producers, and retailers) on consumers’ food safety and health perceptions and repurchase intention. This study was conducted in Taiwan and enrolled 393 consumers who purchased certified traceable fresh food as survey participants. Structural equation modeling and multiple and stepwise regression analysis were performed for data analysis. The results indicated that trust in government, certification organizations, food producers, and food retailers was positively related to food safety perception; trust in certification organizations, food producers, and food retailers directly influenced food healthiness perception, whereas trust in government did not have a direct influence. Furthermore, trust in certification organizations and food producers influenced repurchase intention, whereas trust in government and food retailers did not. Based on these results, the current study provides some practical suggestions for traceable fresh food marketers to use institutional trust to improve consumers’ food health and safety perceptions and repurchase intention.
US Consumers’ Perceptions of Raw and Cooked Broken Rice
Authors: Richardson Matthew G. , Crandall Philip Glen , Seo Han-Seok , O’Bryan Corliss A.
Published: November 2021

Rice supplies about 20% of the calories to the world’s consumers. Milling removes the outer husk and bran, breaking about 20% of the rice kernels during the milling process that equates to almost 100,000,000 tons of rice annually. Broken rice is discounted in price by almost half or relegated to non-human consumption. This study seeks to understand why this large percentage of rice production is discounted for human consumption. Consumers who routinely consume rice evaluated raw and cooked rice with 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% levels of brokens. Sensory analysis indicated the appearance of raw rice with high levels of brokens affected the price consumers were willing to pay. Panelists were not able to discern sensory differences amongst cooked rice samples with different brokens percentages despite an eight-fold difference in brokens (p < 0.01). From this, we concluded that the price discounts imposed on broken rice are not because of perceived differences in the eating quality of cooked rice. Overall impression and overall texture were the two most significant determinants in willingness to purchase rice. The five cooked-rice samples with different levels of broken rice inclusion did not differ in terms of willingness to purchase.
RDAClone: Deciphering Tumor Heterozygosity through Single-Cell Genomics Data Analysis with Robust Deep Autoencoder
Authors: Xia Jie , Wang Lequn , Zhang Guijun , Zuo Chunman , Chen Luonan
Published: November 2021

Rapid advances in single-cell genomics sequencing (SCGS) have allowed researchers to characterize tumor heterozygosity with unprecedented resolution and reveal the phylogenetic relationships between tumor cells or clones. However, high sequencing error rates of current SCGS data, i.e., false positives, false negatives, and missing bases, severely limit its application. Here, we present a deep learning framework, RDAClone, to recover genotype matrices from noisy data with an extended robust deep autoencoder, cluster cells into subclones by the Louvain-Jaccard method, and further infer evolutionary relationships between subclones by the minimum spanning tree. Studies on both simulated and real datasets demonstrate its robustness and superiority in data denoising, cell clustering, and evolutionary tree reconstruction, particularly for large datasets.
SESN3 Inhibited SMAD3 to Relieve Its Suppression for MiR-124, Thus Regulating Pre-Adipocyte Adipogenesis
Authors: Lin Weimin , Zhao Jindi , Yan Mengting , Li Xuexin , Yang Kai , Wei Wei , Zhang Lifan , Chen Jie
Published: November 2021

Sestrin-3, together with the other two members Sestrin-1 and Sestrin-2, belongs to the Sestrin family. The Sestrin protein family has been demonstrated to be involved in antioxidative, metabolic homeostasis, and even the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the adipogenic regulatory role of SESN3 in adipogenesis still needs to be further explored. In this study, we demonstrated SESN3 inhibited porcine pre-adipocyte proliferation, thus suppressing its adipogenesis. Meanwhile, SESN3 has been demonstrated to inhibit Smad3 thus protecting against NASH. Further, for our previous study, we found mmu-miR-124 involved in 3T3-L1 cell adipogenesis regulation. In this study, we also identified that ssc-miR-124 inhibited porcine pre-adipocyte proliferation, thus suppressing its adipogenesis, and the SMAD3 was an inhibitor of ssc-miR-124 by binding to its promoter. Furthermore, the ssc-miR-124 targeted porcine C/EBPα and GR and thus inhibited pre-adipocyte adipogenesis. In conclusion, SESN3 inhibited SMAD3, thus improving ssc-miR124, and then suppressed C/EBPα and GR to regulate pre-adipocytes adipogenesis.
Advances and Limitations of Next Generation Sequencing in Animal Diet Analysis
Authors: Liu Gang , Zhang Shumiao , Zhao Xinsheng , Li Chao , Gong Minghao
Published: November 2021

Diet analysis is a critical content of animal ecology and the diet analysis methods have been constantly improving and updating. Contrary to traditional methods of high labor intensity and low resolution, the next generation sequencing (NGS) approach has been suggested as a promising tool for dietary studies, which greatly improves the efficiency and broadens the application range. Here we present a framework of adopting NGS and DNA metabarcoding into diet analysis, and discuss the application in aspects of prey taxa composition and structure, intra-specific and inter-specific trophic links, and the effects of animal feeding on environmental changes. Yet, the generation of NGS-based diet data and subsequent analyses and interpretations are still challenging with several factors, making it possible still not as widely used as might be expected. We suggest that NGS-based diet methods must be furthered, analytical pipelines should be developed. More application perspectives, including nutrient geometry, metagenomics and nutrigenomics, need to be incorporated to encourage more ecologists to infer novel insights on they work.
Artificial Intelligence for Forecasting the Prevalence of COVID-19 Pandemic: An Overview
Authors: Elsheikh Ammar H. , Saba Amal I. , Panchal Hitesh , Shanmugan Sengottaiyan , Alsaleh Naser A. , Ahmadein Mahmoud
Published: November 2021

Since the discovery of COVID-19 at the end of 2019, a significant surge in forecasting publications has been recorded. Both statistical and artificial intelligence (AI) approaches have been reported; however, the AI approaches showed a better accuracy compared with the statistical approaches. This study presents a review on the applications of different AI approaches used in forecasting the spread of this pandemic. The fundamentals of the commonly used AI approaches in this context are briefly explained. Evaluation of the forecasting accuracy using different statistical measures is introduced. This review may assist researchers, experts and policy makers involved in managing the COVID-19 pandemic to develop more accurate forecasting models and enhanced strategies to control the spread of this pandemic. Additionally, this review study is highly significant as it provides more important information of AI applications in forecasting the prevalence of this pandemic.
A Local Survey of COVID-19: Vaccine Potential Acceptance Rate among Personnel in a Level 1 Trauma Center without Severe COVID-19 Cases
Authors: Nohl André , Ben Abdallah Heithem , Weichert Veronika , Zeiger Sascha , Ohmann Tobias , Dudda Marcel
Published: November 2021

Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) in hospitals are at high risk during the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare workers’ infection risk could be amplified during the ongoing pandemic due to various factors, including continuous exposure to patients and inadequate infection control training. Despite the risk healthcare workers face, vaccine hesitancy remains a global challenge. Differences in acceptance rates have ranged from less than 55% (in Russia) to nearly 90% (in China). In order to improve our knowledge of vaccine acceptance and its variation in rates, an evaluation is warranted. A survey was thus administered to healthcare workers. Methods: This survey aimed to address vaccination acceptance among employees in an urban level 1 trauma hospital. It was conducted through a developed and structured questionnaire that was randomly distributed online among the staff (age ≥18 years) to receive their feedback. Results: Among 285 participants (out of 995 employees), 69% were female, and 83.5% were overaged more than 30 years of age. The two largest groups were nurses (32%) and doctors (22%). The majority of respondents reported that they would “like to be vaccinated” (77.4%) and that they trusted the COVID-19 vaccine (62%). Moreover, 67.8% also reported that they felt the vaccination was effective. They reported that vaccination was a method to prevent the spread of COVID-19 (85.15%) and was a way to protect individuals with weak immune systems (78.2%). More importantly, the participants were concerned about other people (80.1%) and believed the vaccine would protect others. On the other hand, the result showed that the majority of participants (95.3%) chose to be vaccinated once everyone else was vaccinated, “I don’t need to get vaccinated”. Results showed that the majority of participants that chose “I don’t need to get vaccinated” did so after everyone else was vaccinated. Our results show that COVID-19 vaccination intention in a level 1 trauma hospital was associated with older age males who are more confident, and also share a collective responsibility, are less complacent, and have fewer constraints. Conclusion: Acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine is relatively low among healthcare workers (HCWs). Differences in vaccine acceptance have been noted between different categories of HCWs and genders. Therefore, addressing barriers to vaccination acceptance among these HCWs is essential to avoid reluctance to receive the vaccination, but it will be challenging.
Why It Is Difficult for Military Personnel to Quit Smoking: From the Perspective of Compensatory Health Beliefs
Authors: Au-Yeung Chor-Sum , Chao Ren-Fang , Hsu Li-Yun
Published: November 2021

Compensatory health beliefs are barriers to healthy behavior. In an effort to understand how the prevalence of these beliefs can be reduced in individuals, 376 valid questionnaires were collected from combat troops in Taiwan. The collected data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modelling. It was found that positive attitudes towards smoking cessation had significant negative effects on compensatory health beliefs, while negative attitudes towards smoking cessation significantly enhanced the level of compensatory health beliefs. The motivation for smoking cessation was also found to reinforce the negative effect of positive attitudes towards compensatory health beliefs, while it did not have any significant effect on the relationship between negative attitudes and compensatory health beliefs. Three subconstructs of compensatory health beliefs (exercise, eating habits, and amount of smoking) were found to have simultaneous effects for military personnel. Finally, this study explored the causes of the above-mentioned phenomena, and measures that could reduce the prevalence of compensatory health beliefs were suggested.
Narrative Review of Primary Preventive Interventions against Water-Borne Diseases: Scientific Evidence of Health-EDRM in Contexts with Inadequate Safe Drinking Water
Authors: Chan Emily Ying Yang , Tong Kimberley Hor Yee , Dubois Caroline , Mc Donnell Kiara , Kim Jean H. , Hung Kevin Kei Ching , Kwok Kin On
Published: November 2021

Waterborne diseases account for 1.5 million deaths a year globally, particularly affecting children in low-income households in subtropical areas. It is one of the most enduring and economically devastating biological hazards in our society today. The World Health Organization Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management (health-EDRM) Framework highlights the importance of primary prevention against biological hazards across all levels of society. The framework encourages multi-sectoral coordination and lessons sharing for community risk resilience. A narrative review, conducted in March 2021, identified 88 English-language articles published between January 2000 and March 2021 examining water, sanitation, and hygiene primary prevention interventions against waterborne diseases in resource-poor settings. The literature identified eight main interventions implemented at personal, household and community levels. The strength of evidence, the enabling factors, barriers, co-benefits, and alternative measures were reviewed for each intervention. There is an array of evidence available across each intervention, with strong evidence supporting the effectiveness of water treatment and safe household water storage. Studies show that at personal and household levels, interventions are effective when applied together. Furthermore, water and waste management will have a compounding impact on vector-borne diseases. Mitigation against waterborne diseases require coordinated, multi-sectoral governance, such as building sanitation infrastructure and streamlined waste management. The review showed research gaps relating to evidence-based alternative interventions for resource-poor settings and showed discrepancies in definitions of various interventions amongst research institutions, creating challenges in the direct comparison of results across studies.
A Qualitative Study of the Mistreatment of Medical Students by Their Lecturers in Polish Medical Schools
Authors: Makowska Marta , Wyleżałek Joanna
Published: November 2021

Objective: To describe experiences of mistreatment among Polish medical students. Methods: Nine focus groups were carried out with 92 students from three medical universities in Poland (in Gdansk, Krakow, and Warsaw). Results: The mistreatment of medical students included verbal abuse, disregard, and obstacles to pass exams. Students experienced humiliation, belittlement, insults, criticism, shouting, and indecent comments. The lecturers did not respect the students’ time; they did not show understanding for their absences; sometimes, they came to class unprepared while other times, they showed indifference regarding the well-being of students. Respondents stated that they were given enormous amounts material such that they found it far beyond their ability to learn; they were not given information about which textbooks were to be used; exams were incredibly detailed and difficult; and the grading system was unfair. In general, most students did not report the mistreatment. The respondents noticed the negative consequences of their mistreatment, which included a decrease in self-esteem and increased levels of anxiety and stress. This may translate into a lack of empathetic approach to patients. Conclusions: The phenomenon of the mistreatment of medical students requires more attention in Poland. It is important to raise awareness of the significant consequences of this.
Trends and Inequalities in the Incidence of Acute Myocardial Infarction among Beijing Townships, 2007–2018
Authors: Chang Jie , Deng Qiuju , Guo Moning , Ezzati Majid , Baumgartner Jill , Bixby Honor , Chan Queenie , Zhao Dong , Lu Feng , Hu Piaopiao , Su Yuwei , Sun Jiayi , Long Ying , Liu Jing
Published: November 2021

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) poses a serious disease burden in China, but studies on small-area characteristics of AMI incidence are lacking. We therefore examined temporal trends and geographic variations in AMI incidence at the township level in Beijing. In this cross-sectional analysis, 259,830 AMI events during 2007–2018 from the Beijing Cardiovascular Disease Surveillance System were included. We estimated AMI incidence for 307 consistent townships during consecutive 3-year periods with a Bayesian spatial model. From 2007 to 2018, the median AMI incidence in townships increased from 216.3 to 231.6 per 100,000, with a greater relative increase in young and middle-aged males (35–49 years: 54.2%; 50–64 years: 33.2%). The most pronounced increases in the relative inequalities was observed among young residents (2.1 to 2.8 for males and 2.8 to 3.4 for females). Townships with high rates and larger relative increases were primarily located in Beijing’s northeastern and southwestern peri-urban areas. However, large increases among young and middle-aged males were observed throughout peri-urban areas. AMI incidence and their changes over time varied substantially at the township level in Beijing, especially among young adults. Targeted mitigation strategies are required for high-risk populations and areas to reduce health disparities across Beijing.
Factors Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful , Salehin Masudus , Zaman Sojib Bin , Tansi Tania , Gupta Rajat Das , Barua Lingkan , Banik Palash Chandra , Uddin Riaz
Published: November 2021

Diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are a major public health burden in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to explore factors associated with CKD in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 315 adults with T2D presenting at the outpatient department of Bangladesh Institute of Health Sciences (BIHS) hospital between July 2013 to December 2013. CKD was diagnosed based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate using the ‘Modification of Diet in Renal Disease’ equations and the presence of albuminuria estimated by the albumin-to-creatinine ratio. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with CKD. The overall prevalence of CKD among patients with T2D was 21.3%. In the unadjusted model, factors associated with CKD included age 40–49 years (OR: 5.7, 95% CI: 1.3–25.4), age 50–59 years (7.0, 1.6–39), age ≥60 years (7.6, 1.7–34), being female (2.2, 1.2–3.8), being hypertensive (1.9, 1.1–3.5), and household income between 10,001 and 20,000 Bangladeshi taka, BDT (2.9, 1.0–8.2) compared with income ≤10,000 BDT. However, after adjustment of other covariates, only the duration of hypertension and household income (10,001–20,000 BDT) remained statistically significant. There is a need to implement policies and programs for early detection and management of hypertension and CKD in T2D patients in Bangladesh.
Evaluation of the Level of Technical and Tactical Skills and Its Relationships with Aerobic Capacity and Special Fitness in Elite Ju-Jitsu Athletes
Authors: Ambroży Tadeusz , Rydzik Łukasz , Spieszny Michał , Chwała Wiesław , Jaszczur-Nowicki Jarosław , Jekiełek Małgorzata , Görner Karol , Ostrowski Andrzej , Cynarski Wojciech J.
Published: November 2021

Background: Ju-jitsu training has to be comprehensive in terms of training intensity, developing a wide range of physical fitness and learning multiple technical skills. These requirements result from the specificity of the competition characteristic of the sport form of this martial art. The aim of this study was to evaluate the aerobic capacity and special physical fitness of ju-jitsu athletes at the highest sports performance level and to determine the relationships between special fitness and the indices of technical and tactical skills. Methods: In order to determine the current level of special fitness of the athletes, a set of karate fitness tests were used, namely, the Special Judo Fitness Test and the Kickboxer Special Physical Fitness Test. Furthermore, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2peak) was measured using a graded exercise test in a group of 30 sport ju-jitsu athletes at the highest level of sports performance. To evaluate the level of technical and tactical skills, an analysis of recordings of tournament bouts was carried out, and, based on the observations, the indices of effectiveness, efficiency, and activeness of the attack were calculated. Results: Individuals with higher fitness were more active and effective in the attack. The special efficiency indices showed significant correlations with the technical and tactical parameters. Better fighting performance was dependent on the speed of the punches, kicking range, and the results of the special fitness tests. Conclusions: To achieve greater efficiency and effectiveness of sport ju-jitsu, the training process should be based on comprehensive motor development and an optimal level of special fitness.
Estimating the Impact of Ecological Migrants on the South-to-North Water Diversion in China
Authors: Li Mengdi , Cui Yaoping , Qin Yaochen , Shi Zhifang , Li Nan , Liu Xiaoyan , Run Yadi , Chubwa Oliva Gabriel
Published: November 2021

The South-to-North Water Diversion (SNWD) provides significant benefits in facilitating water security and improving ecology in northern China. However, few studies have estimated the water value of the SNWD and the corresponding subsequent subsidies of the ecological migrants in Xichuan County displaced by the project. Based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE), this study analyzed the water ecosystem changes in Xichuan County in 2000–2020 and valued the water transfer of the SNWD. We calculated the water cost, the water value of the trunk line project, and the four provinces (Hebei, Henan, Beijing, and Tianjin) of CNY 4.04, 39.64, and 120.93 billion, respectively, and the proportion of the three was 1:10:30 during 2014–2020. The water ecosystem area showed a rapid increase when the SNWD became operational since the end of 2014. The subsequent annual subsidy gap of ecological migrants was CNY 0.84 billion, which only accounted for 4.31% of the gross profit of SNWD. Our results imply that relevant water sectors have sufficient profits to support corresponding subsequent subsidies for ecological migrants. Ecological migrants are a major challenge for water transfer projects. Overall, this study fills a gap of interactions between subsequent policies and ecological migrants and provides a typical case for managing the migration problem caused by sustainable water management worldwide.
Exercise Intolerance and Oxygen Desaturation in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: Triggers for Respiratory Rehabilitation?
Authors: Vitacca Michele , Olivares Adriana , Comini Laura , Vezzadini Giuliana , Langella Annamaria , Luisa Alberto , Petrolati Anna , Frigo Gianluigi , Paneroni Mara
Published: November 2021

The role that oxygen desaturation plays in exercise tolerance and its rehabilitative implications in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are unclear. We aimed to test exercise tolerance and oxygen saturation levels both during exercise and at night in PD patients to better define their rehabilitative needs. In clinically stable PD patients, undergoing inpatient rehabilitation, and in “ON” phase, we prospectively assessed clinical data, sleepiness, comorbidities, PD severity (Hoehn&Yahr, HY), motor function (ADLs, UPDRSII and UPDRSIII, Barthel Index, Functional Independence Measure), balance, spirometry, respiratory muscles (MIP/MEP), peak cough expiratory flow (PCEF), continuous night oxygen monitoring, and meters at 6MWT. Of 55 patients analyzed (28 with moderate–severe PD, HY ≥ 2.5), 37% and 23% showed moderate–severe impairment on UPDRSII and UPDRSIII, respectively; 96% had reduced exercise tolerance and severe respiratory muscles impairment (MIP/MEP < 45% pred.); 21.8% showed desaturations during exercise; and 12.7% showed nocturnal desaturations. At multiple regression, low exercise tolerance and low mean nocturnal and exercise-induced saturation correlated with several respiratory and motor function and disability indices (all p < 0.03). Exercise tolerance, exercise-induced desaturations, and nocturnal desaturations were extremely frequent in PD patients and were worse in more severe PD patients. This suggests considering a combined role for motor and respiratory rehabilitation in these patients.
Resources and Environment Carrying Capacity, Social Development and Their Decoupling Relationship: A Case Study of Hubei Province, China
Authors: Ye Sheng , Wei Chao , Wang Zhanqi , Wang Han , Chai Ji
Published: November 2021

With the rapid urbanization in recent decades, resource shortage and environmental damage have hindered the process of urban sustainable development (SD). As a yardstick of sustainable development, the evaluation of resources and environment carrying capacity (RECC) and its decoupling relationship with social comprehensive development index (SCDI) are of great significance. In this paper, RECC and SCDI are taken as research objects to establish resource and environment system evaluation index system and social comprehensive development level evaluation index system, respectively. Then, the RECC and SCDI of 17 cities in Hubei province during 2009–2018 are calculated by the projection pursuit model based on genetic algorithm, and their spatial-temporal variance characteristics are analyzed. On this basis, the RECC-SCDI Tapio decoupling model is constructed to explore the decoupling relationship between RECC and SCDI. The result shows that: (1) The RECC of Hubei shows a V-shaped development trend during 2009–2018. The SCDI of Hubei rose steadily during 2009–2018. (2) RECC in western and eastern Hubei Province is higher than that in central Hubei Province. SCDI in eastern and central Hubei Province is higher than that in the west. (3) 11 of the 17 cities in Hubei Province have got rid of excessive dependence on resources environment for social development. The study could contribute to scientific and effective policies be formulated by government to promote urban sustainable development.
Residents’ Attitudes towards Wooden Facade Renovation and Additional Floor Construction in Finland
Authors: Karjalainen Markku , Ilgın Hüseyin Emre , Metsäranta Lauri , Norvasuo Markku
Published: November 2021

To date, studies that provide a comprehensive understanding of residents’ attitudes towards wooden facade renovation and additional floor construction are lacking in the literature. This paper examined these important practices from the perspective of Finnish residents via a questionnaire survey. The 243 responses received highlighted the following: (1) residents’ attitude towards wooden facade renovation and additional floor construction was generally positive; (2) younger and more educated people welcomed these practices more; (3) respondents mostly thought that wooden facade renovation and additional floor construction will increase the attractiveness of residential areas; (4) vast majority were positive about facade renovation, especially with wood; (5) apartment owners welcomed the housing association’s decision to build additional floors to fund the facade renovation; (6) participants assessed the combination of additional floors with outbuildings, followed by additional floor construction alone as the most suitable ways to expand residential areas; and (7) respondents’ attitudes towards all renovation proposals aimed at improving the initial condition of suburban apartments were positive and differed only slightly from each other in terms of popularity. It is believed that this study will provide insights to interested parties, e.g., architects, developers, contractors to better meet users’ needs in the renovation of suburban apartments.
Climate Change and Vulnerability: The Case of MENA Countries
Authors: Namdar Razieh , Karami Ezatollah , Keshavarz Marzieh
Published: November 2021

Climate is changing and mitigation of the corresponding impacts requires assessment of vulnerability and adaptation building. This issue is particularly important in Middle East and North Africa (MENA), which is recognized as one of the most water scarce regions of the world and vulnerable to climate change. Therefore, the objective of this study was an assessment of the different sectors’ vulnerability as well as the overall vulnerability of the MENA countries to climate change. The Notre Dame-Global Adaptation Index (ND-GAIN) was used to investigate climate change vulnerability. Cluster analysis revealed the very high, high, medium and low levels of vulnerability for the MENA countries by distinguishing their extent of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. Further results indicated that the MENA countries have an acceptable status of infrastructure and habitat, tolerable health and ecosystem statuses, and inappropriate water and food conditions. Water shortage is also a serious problem in this region, to the extent that it is often assumed that water shortage is the root cause of all other types of vulnerability in MENA. However, the obtained results do not support this assumption. These findings provide insight about the adaptation challenges that should be faced and the choices that should be made in response to climate change, in MENA.
PODNL1 Methylation Serves as a Prognostic Biomarker and Associates with Immune Cell Infiltration and Immune Checkpoint Blockade Response in Lower-Grade Glioma
Authors: Noor Humaira , Zaman Ashraf , Teo Charles , Sughrue Michael E.
Published: November 2021

Lower-grade glioma (LGG) is a diffuse infiltrative tumor of the central nervous system, which lacks targeted therapy. We investigated the role of Podocan-like 1 (PODNL1) methylation in LGG clinical outcomes using the TCGA-LGG transcriptomics dataset. We identified four PODNL1 CpG sites, cg07425555, cg26969888, cg18547299, and cg24354933, which were associated with unfavorable overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in univariate and multivariate analysis after adjusting for age, gender, tumor-grade, and IDH1-mutation. In multivariate analysis, the OS and DFS hazard ratios ranged from 0.44 to 0.58 (p < 0.001) and 0.62 to 0.72 (p < 0.001), respectively, for the four PODNL1 CpGs. Enrichment analysis of differential gene and protein expression and analysis of 24 infiltrating immune cell types showed significantly increased infiltration in LGGs and its histological subtypes with low-methylation levels of the PODNL1 CpGs. High PODNL1 expression and low-methylation subgroups of the PODNL1 CpG sites were associated with significantly increased PD-L1, PD-1, and CTLA4 expressions. PODNL1 methylation may thus be a potential indicator of immune checkpoint blockade response, and serve as a biomarker for determining prognosis and immune subtypes in LGG.
Software for processing multispectral data and field digitization
Authors: Kurbanov R. K. , Litvinov M. A. , Fokin A. M.
Published: November 2021

This article considers the programs used in agriculture for photogrammetric processing of multispectral data and field digitization. With the help of these programs, it is possible to obtain the necessary information for assessing the state of plant development.
Lernerautonomie und Wortschatzlernen im DaF-Unterricht
Authors: Szabó Vivien
Published: November 2021

Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit dem Thema des Wortschatzlernens und geht der Frage nach, wie die Lernenden im DaF-Unterricht befähigt werden können, den fremdsprachlichen neuen Wortschatz selbstständig, autonom zu erschließen und zu erlernen. Beim Erlernen einer Fremdsprache stellt nämlich der Umgang mit dem neuen Wortschatz eine große Herausforderung für die Lernenden dar, wobei die Lernerautonomie auch eine wichtige Rolle spielt. Die Arbeit setzt sich aus zwei großen Einheiten zusammen. In der ersten Einheit werden die theoretischen Grundlagen der Arbeit erläutert und reflektiert und im zweiten Teil wird eine empirische Untersuchung dargestellt. Die fremdsprachendidaktisch angelegte qualitative empirische Forschung umfasste Lehrwerkanalysen, Befragung von DaF-Lehrenden und DaF-Lernenden mittels Fragebögen, Unterrichtsbeobachtung und Unterrichtserprobung. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die Lehrwerkanalyse vorgestellt.
PENGARUH PENYULUHAN MELALUI MEDIA VIDEO TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP GENETALIA HYGIENE REMAJA PUTERI SMP DWIJENDRA DENPASAR
Authors: Marlina Ni Nyoman Ayu Suci , Suarniti Ni Wayan , Surati I Gusti Ayu
Published: November 2021

Genetalia hygiene is one of the efforts in personal hygiene that has an important role in the status of one's health behavior, to avoid interference with the reproductive organs.Genetalia hygiene is very important for woman because they tend to have urinary tract infection than man because they have shorter urination track. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of counseling through media video on knowledge and attitudes about female adolescent hygiene genetalia at Dwijendra Junior High School Denpasar. This study uses a comparative analytic method with a one-group pre-test-post-test research design. The sample of this study was 80 and VIII grade students of Dwijendra Junior High School Denpasar with a total of 80 people. The sampling technique in this study is probability sampling. The instrument used was a questionnaire of 15 questions for knowledge, 10 questions about attitudes that have been valid and reliable. Data analysis techniques used paired T-Test. The results of the study for the average knowledge pre-test were 70.92 and the post-test knowledge after receiving counseling was 90.58 while the pre-test for attitude was 35.25 da post-test after the counseling was 43.64. Paired T-Test and Wilcoxon test results obtained p value = 0,000 0.05 These results indicate there is a significant influence on counseling through media video on knowledge and attitudes about female adolescent hygiene genetalia. The school is expected to increase health promotion.
Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga Berbasis Masyarakat Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Selemadeg II Kecamatan Selemadeg Timur Kabupaten Tabanan
Authors: Purna I Nyoman , Sujaya I Nyoman , Hadi M. Choirul , Jana I Wayan , Rusminingsih Ni Ketut
Published: November 2021

The amount of waste will continue to increase along with increasing population growth. The increasing number of people will increase the amount of waste will also increase. Increasing volume of waste from year to year is a strong reason that waste problems are the main problem that must be solved in the short, medium and long term. Waste management according to Law 18 of 2008 is a systematic, comprehensive and sustainable activity that includes reduction and handling of waste. Waste management is carried out by the community including: Waste Management, Domestic Systems, Waste Collection-Systems, Independent and Productive Systems, Waste Savings Systems in Waste Banks. The purpose of this community service is to understand how to carry out community-based independent waste management. To be able to sort waste in their respective households, they want to collect waste that has been sorted into a trash while available. The results of the community service and commitment to always maintain the environment by segregating organic and inorganic waste and collecting inorganic waste shelters before being followed up and sold to collectors.Keywords: Community Based Waste Management.
Penyuluhan Tentang Bahaya Abortus Di SMA Negeri 1 Kairatu
Authors: Taribuka Netty , Ningko Wa Ode
Published: November 2021

Education on sexual and reproductive health for adolescents in Indonesia has not been fully accepted by the community. This is influenced by the complex environment of social, cultural and religious life. Many people consider that sexual and reproductive health education is a taboo subject to discuss among adolescents. These conditions make adolescents confused in determining their reproductive health behavior. However, over time, the influence of Western culture has brought freedom and open access to information so as to provide opportunities for adolescents to have negative behaviors in reproductive health. The prevalence of sexually active behavior in male adolescents (56.6%) is higher when compared to adolescent girls (43.7%). The problem of abortion in adolescents needs to be seriously addressed, because this problem occurs mostly in developing countries such as Indonesia due to the lack of access to information about abortion. This is evident from many studies which state that the high number of unsafe abortions that causes death is due to the lack of knowledge of young women about the dangers of abortion.Keywords: danger of abortion
Pemberian KIE Dengan Pengetahuan Ibu Nifas Mengenai Infeksi Masa Nifas Di Dusun Kelapa Dua
Authors: Susanti Dewi , Parengkuan Elen
Published: November 2021

The puerperium begins after the placenta is born and ends when the uterus organs return to their pre-pregnancy state. The puerperium lasts about 6 weeks or 40 days but will recover completely within 3 months. The puerperium or postpartum period is also called puerperium which comes from the Latin word "puer" which means baby and "parous "which means giving birth. Based on data obtained according to recording and reporting from districts/cities, the maternal mortality rate (MMR / MMR) in Maluku Province fluctuated from 2006 to 2010. However, it decreased from 369 per 100,000 live births in 2006 to 288 per 100,000 births. live in 2010.Keywords: KIE, Knowledge, puerperal infection
Yabancı Dil Öğreniminde B1 Bariyerini Aşmak Aralıksız Öğrenme Tekniği
Authors: Uygur Emin Osman
Published: November 2021

Bu Makale, yabancı dil öğrenim yöntemleri kapsamında B1 seviyesi özelliklerini ve B1 seviyesinde kursa gitmeden yapılan başarılı bir çalışmanın birey özelinde vaka incelemesini kapsamaktadır. Aralıksız Öğrenme şeklinde isimlendirilen çalışmada gereken özellikler ayrıca izah edilmiştir. Vaka örneği ile ilgili dokuman da makaleye yüklenmiştir.
Biosimilars in Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis in Iran
Authors: Naser Moghadasi Abdorreza
Published: November 2021

Biological drugs are manufactured via some changes made to the living organisms by genetic engineering. Notably, biological drugs are very expensive and their importation can impose economic pressure, especially on poorer countries. Thereafter, manufacturing these drugs has been considered by policymakers in many countries, resulting in the production of biosimilars. Iran requires a wide range of biological drugs due to the growing number of patients with multiple sclerosis. On the other hand, the poor economic situation of Iran due to repeated sanctions has had a great impact on the health care system, which has prevented the allocation of sufficient financial resources in this regard. Therefore, manufacturing biosimilar drugs due to their lower cost has received much attention in various fields of treatment.
Sozialpädiatrie: Herausforderungen, Fragestellungen, Perspektiven
Authors: Gehri Mario
Published: November 2021

Kinder sind resilient, das wissen Kinderärzt*innen sehr wohl. Doch die Gesundheit von Kindern und ihr Wohlbefinden können durch ungünstige soziale Verhältnisse und Umweltbedingungen gefährdet werden – was die Pädiater*innen ebenfalls bestens wissen. Die Auseinandersetzung mit «Fragestellungen rund ums Soziale» gehören seit jeher zur DNA der Hausärzt*innen; ebenso sind sie vertraut damit, wie die Zusammenarbeit und der Austausch von Informationen mit Kindern und deren Familien aussehen muss – für eine bessere Versorgung – insbesondere gegenüber den Schwächsten.
Komplex, aber nicht kompliziert: Interdisziplinäre Therapie primärer Kopfschmerzen
Authors: Lengnick Katrin , Koller Andrea
Published: November 2021

Kopfschmerzen sind ein häufiger Vorstellungsgrund in der kinderärztlichen Praxis und haben eine hohe Chronifizierungsrate bis ins Erwachsenenalter1) . Daher ist es wichtig, diese frühzeitig ernst zu nehmen und rechtzeitig effektiv zu behandeln. Eine effektive Behandlung umfasst neben der adäquaten Diagnostik und medikamentösen Therapie auch die Edukation sowie die Unterstützung in der Behandlungsumsetzung im Alltag.
Enfants et adolescents de parents souffrant de troubles psychiques
Authors: Albermann Kurt , Müller Brigitte
Published: November 2021

article nous décrivons les répercussions d’une maladie psychique d’un parent sur la santé des enfants et adolescents. Nous montrons aussi comment reconnaître ces situations et comment soutenir les ressources des enfants et des familles.
Jak malá byla Marobuda říše? Prameny k rozsahu Marobudem ovládaného území a jejich interpretace / Wie klein war das Marbod-Reich? Die Quellen zur Ausdehnung des von Marbod beherrschten Gebiets und ihre Interpretation
Authors: Salač Vladimír
Published: November 2021

How Small Was the Maroboduus Empire? Sources on the Extent of the Territory Ruled by Maroboduus and Their Interpretation. The article discusses the scope of the “Maroboduus Empire”, which is traditionally described as a vast power structure in central Europe at the beginning of the first millennium. However, the demarcation of its size and borders is based on just a few ambiguous mentions in antique written sources. The article points out that existing ideas on the Maroboduus domain are inconsistent with archaeological knowledge. The author critically evaluates written and archaeological sources and existing attempts to demarcate the empire, reaching the conclusion that its territory can most probably be connected with the lowlands in the northern part of the Bohemia. This area represented the permanent core of the Maroboduus Empire, to which additional Germanic tribes from outside the Bohemian Basin could have joined, although these were likely temporary and impermanent alliances. The Maroboduus Empire apparently never represented a stable (pre)state entity with permanent and respected borders.