bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vision-Based Soft Mobile Robot Inspired by Silkworm Body and Movement Behavior
Authors: Abed Ali A. , Al-Ibadi Alaa , Abed Issa A.
Published: February 2024

Designing an inexpensive, low-noise, safe for individual, mobile robot with an efficient vision system represents a challenge. This paper proposes a soft mobile robot inspired by the silkworm body structure and moving behavior. Two identical pneumatic artificial muscles (PAM) have been used to design the body of the robot by sewing the PAMs longitudinally. The proposed robot moves forward, left, and right in steps depending on the relative contraction ratio of the actuators. The connection between the two artificial muscles gives the steering performance at different air pressures of each PAM. A camera (eye) integrated into the proposed soft robot helps it to control its motion and direction. The silkworm soft robot detects a specific object and tracks it continuously. The proposed vision system is used to help with automatic tracking based on deep learning platforms with real-time live IR camera. The object detection platform, named, YOLOv3 is used effectively to solve the challenge of detecting high-speed tiny objects like Tennis balls. The model is trained with a dataset consisting of images of   Tennis balls. The work is simulated with Google Colab and then tested in real-time on an embedded device mated with a fast GPU called Jetson Nano development kit. The presented object follower robot is cheap, fast-tracking, and friendly to the environment. The system reaches a 99% accuracy rate during training and testing. Validation results are obtained and recorded to prove the effectiveness of this novel silkworm soft robot. The research contribution is designing and implementing a soft mobile robot with an effective vision system.
Evaluation of Single and Dual image Object Detection through Image Segmentation Using ResNet18 in Robotic Vision Applications
Authors: Chotikunnan Phichitphon , Puttasakul Tasawan , Chotikunnan Rawiphon , Panomruttanarug Benjamas , Sangworasil Manas , Srisiriwat Anuchart
Published: February 2024

This study presents a method for enhancing the accuracy of object detection in industrial automation applications using ResNet18-based image segmentation. The objective is to extract object images from the background image accurately and efficiently. The study includes three experiments, RGB to grayscale conversion, single image processing, and dual image processing. The results of the experiments show that dual image processing is superior to both RGB to grayscale conversion and single image processing techniques in accurately identifying object edges, determining CG values, and cutting background images and gripper heads. The program achieved a 100% success rate for objects located in the workpiece tray, while also identifying the color and shape of the object using ResNet-18. However, single image processing may have advantages in certain scenarios with sufficient image information and favorable lighting conditions. Both methods have limitations, and future research could focus on further improvements and optimization of these methods, including separating objects into boxes of each type and converting image coordinate data into robot working area coordinates. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the strengths and limitations of different object recognition techniques for industrial automation applications.
A Novel Variable Stiffness Compound Extensor-Pneumatic Artificial Muscle (CE-PAM): Design and Mathematical Model
Authors: Al-Mayahi Wafaa , Al-Fahaam Hassanin
Published: February 2024

Pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) have been exploited in robots utilized in various fields, including industry and medicine, due to their numerous advantages, such as their light weight; smooth, fast responses; and ability to generate significant force when fully extended. The actuator’s stiffness is important in these applications, and extensor PAMs (EPAMs) have a lower stiffness when compared to contractor PAMs (CPAMs). Because of this, this research presents the compound extensor PAM (CE-PAM), which is a novel actuator that has higher stiffness and can alter its stiffness at a fixed length or maintain a fixed stiffness at a variable length. This makes it useful in applications such as surgery robots and wearable robots. The CE-PAM is created by inserting the CPAM into the EPAM. Then, a mathematical model is developed to calculate the output force using several mathematical equations that relate the force, actuator size, and applied pressure to each other. The force is also calculated experimentally, and when comparing the mathematical with the experimental results, the error percentage appears greater than 20%. So the mathematical model is enhanced by calculating the wasted energy consumed by the actuator before the start of the bladder’s expansion, at which the force is zero because the pressure is consumed only for bladder expansion to touch the sleeve. The effect of the bladder’s thickness is calculated to further enhance the model by calculating the volume of air entering the muscle rather than the total muscle volume. To illustrate the effect of thickness on the actuator, experiments are conducted on CPAMs made of the same bladder material but with different thicknesses. A balloon is used in the manufacture of the bladder. Because it is a lightweight, thin material with a low thickness, it requires very low pressure to expand.
Combining Passivity-Based Control and Linear Quadratic Regulator to Control a Rotary Inverted Pendulum
Authors: Vo Minh-Tai , Nguyen Van-Dong-Hai , Duong Hoai-Nghia , Nguyen Vinh-Hao
Published: February 2024

In this manuscript, new combination methodology is proposed, which named combining Passivity-Based Control and Linear Quadratic Regulator (for short, CPBC-LQR), to support the stabilization process as the system is far from equilibrium point. More precisely, Linear Quadratic Regulator (for short, LQR) is used together with Passivity-Based Control (for short, PBC) controller. Though passivity-based control and linear quadratic regulator are two control methods, it is possible to integrate them together. The combination of passivity-based control and linear quadratic regulator is analyzed, designed and implemented on so-called rotary inverted pendulum system (for short, RIP). In this work, CPBC-LQR is validated and discussed on both MATLAB/Simulink environment and real-time experimental setup. The numerical simulation and experimental results reveal the ability of CPBC-LQR control scheme in stabilization problem and achieve a good and stable performance. Effectiveness and feasibility of proposed controller are confirmed via comparative simulation and experiments.
Implementation of IoT of an Electric Infant Warmer to Prevent Hypothermia in Newborns
Authors: Fauzi Ekha Rifki , Maharesi Angger , Setiyadi Noor Alis
Published: February 2024

Hypothermia is a drop in body temperature below 36.5°C in newborns. It results in an internal distribution of body heat from the nucleus to the periphery, followed by heat loss greater than metabolic production. Hypothermia is one of the factors predisposing to metabolic disorders, intracranial hemorrhage, respiratory distress, and Necrotizing enterocolitis. Hypothermia problems can be treated with infant warmers. Thus, the need for a infant warmer is considered to improve survival in newborns. This study aims to improve the accuracy of temperature monitoring, increase security, and enable remote monitoring. The temperature sensor of the device is calibrated with comparable devices such as Incubator Analyzer and Thermo hygrometer while the SpO2 sensor is calibrated with Spotlight SpO2 Functional Tester and Thermo hygrometer. Achievement and validation of temperature and oxygen saturation use a calibration comparison tool. The results of the temperature sensor measurements, including air temperature and skin sensor temperature, namely: air temperature error tolerance ≤2°C and skin sensor temperature error tolerance ± 0.5 ° C. All two indicators have the same standard deviation value of ±0.49. The SpO2 indicator reached an error tolerance value of ± 1% O2 with a standard deviation value of ± 0.6-0.9 from six trials. Then the pulse rate indicator obtained an error tolerance of ±5% with a standard deviation value of ±0.6. The smart infant warmer tool provides benefits to avoid excessive heat from the heater and minimize low temperatures that cause hypothermia through the Internet of Things technology. Furthermore, this research can be improved with machine learning technology to increase efficiency and effectiveness in patient treatment.
Optimum PID Controller with Fuzzy Self-Tuning for DC Servo Motor
Authors: Abdelghany M. A. , Okasha Elnady Abdelrady , Ibrahim Shorouk Ossama
Published: February 2024

DC motors are simple and controllable, making them a popular choice for various applications. However, the speed and load characteristics of DC motors can change, making it difficult to control them effectively. This paper proposes an optimum PID controller with fuzzy self-tuning for DC servo motors. The controller uses two steps to adjust the PID gains: The ACS algorithm is employed to identify the optimal PID gains in the first step. A fuzzy logic (FLC) controller is employed in the second stage to further fine-tune the gains. The FLC considers two cost functions: the first function is the sum of the squares of the error between the controlled output and reference input. The second function is a mathematical expression that specifies the required characteristics of the system response. The fuzzy self-tune then uses a set of rules to adjust the PID gains in response to changes in the system. The rules are based on the two cost functions designed to maintain the optimum PID gains for various operating settings. The outcomes of the two functions are: Kp = 5.2381, Ki = 7.0427, and Kd = 0.49468, with rising time = 0.2503, overshoot = 2.5079, and settling time = 10.4824 in the first cost function. The second cost function outcomes are Kp = 8.1381; Ki = 8.6427; and Kd = 0.49468. The FST-PID controller's performance is evaluated using Matlab-Simulink. The proposed controller was tested on a DC servo motor, and the results showed good performance in both steady-state and transient responses. The controller also maintained the optimum PID gains in the event of changes or disturbances. So, the motor's speed can effectively control under a variety of conditions.
A Fuzzy LQR PID Control for a Two-Legged Wheel Robot with Uncertainties and Variant Height
Authors: Tran Duc Thien , Hoang Nguyen Minh , Loc Nguyen Huu , Truong Quoc Thanh , Nha Nguyen Thanh
Published: February 2024

This paper proposes a fuzzy LQR PID control for a two-legged wheeled balancing robot for keeping stability against uncertainties and variant heights. The proposed control includes the fuzzy supervisor, LQR, PID, and two calibrations. The fuzzy LQR is conducted to control the stability and motion of the robot while its posture changes with respect to time. The fuzzy supervisor is used to adjust the LQR control according to the robotic height. It consists of one input and one output. The input and output have three membership functions, respectively, to three postures of the robot. The PID control is used to control the posture of the robot. The first calibration is used to compensate for the bias value of the tilting angle when the robot changes its posture. The second calibration is applied to compute the robotic height according to the hip angle. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control, a practical robot with the variant height is constructed, and the proposed control is embedded in the control board. Finally, two experiments are also conducted to verify the balancing and moving ability of the robot with the variant posture.
Enhancing Fault Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks Through Support Vector Machines: A Comprehensive Study
Authors: Mardenov Yerik , Adamova Aigul , Zhukabayeva Tamara , Othman Mohamed
Published: February 2024

The Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of many sensors that are distributed in a specific area for the purpose of monitoring physical conditions. Factors such as hardware limitations, limited resources, unfavourable WSN deployment environment, and the presence of various attacks on nodes can lead to the presence of Faulty Nodes in a WSN. This raises the problem of detecting Faulty Nodes and avoiding Data loss. Detecting Faulty Nodes in real-world scenarios will improve the quality of a WSN. The research was aimed at developing an algorithm to determine the location of Faulty Nodes in a WSN. The algorithm uses characteristics of Machine Learning and Support Vector Machines (SVM), which use the classification of Data into true and false. A Mathematical Model for determining Faulty Nodes using the SVM is considered. A methodology for detecting a Faulty Node is demonstrated, which consists of Data Collection, Feature Extraction, Training, and Testing the Model. The Results of simulated experiments that were conducted with different numbers of nodes from 50 to 320 are shown. The Model is tested on Data very similar to real-world sensing Data to evaluate the ability of the Model to detect failed nodes and calculate training and testing errors. As a result, the training error is 4.6667%, the accuracy of detecting faulty nodes was 97%. The simulation results demonstrate the high stability of the proposed algorithm and are suitable for network environments with irregular node distribution or coverage gaps. In real scenarios, it can provide a high level of uninterrupted operation of the WSN and lossless data transmission. Shortcomings and prospects in research on fault detection in WSN, such as studying real-world hardware issues and its security, were presented.
Mathematical Model of a Robot-spider for Group Control Synthesis: Derivation and Validation
Authors: Kravchenko Viktor V. , Efremov Artem A. , Zhilenkov Anton A. , Kozlov Vladimir N. , Kristina Grycshenko , Anton Popov , Mark Psarev , Mikhail Serebryakov
Published: February 2024

A six-legged spider robot is a complex object from the point of view of the problem of synthesizing a system for controlling its movement. To synthesize an advanced control system for such a robot, which must solve non-trivial problems of overcoming obstacles, functioning under conditions of external disturbances, etc., we first solve the problem of synthesizing an information model of the object, on the basis of which its control system will subsequently be built.The paper compares two methods for synthesizing the information model of a six-legged spider-robot. In the first method, an information model is automatically synthesized from a CAD model of a spider-robot in a MATLAB-based graphical programming environment Simulink. In the second method, the information model is synthesized in the environment of dynamic modeling of technical systems SimInTech on the basis of a system of differential equations in the Cauchy form. Control loops and external influences are added to the information models synthesized in each of the modeling environments. The study showed that each of the resulting models has both its own individual advantages and disadvantages. They are mainly related to taking into account the mutual influence of various blocks of models on each other. It is shown that, in the end, the two models complement each other and make it possible to obtain an advanced basis for further synthesis of the motion control system.The results obtained in this work make it possible to use information models as a basis for the development of a control system for a physical model of a six-legged spider-robot, printed on a 3D printer and assembled on the basis of the Arduino hardware platform.
Plant Leaf Disease Detection Using Efficient Image Processing and Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Kiran S M , Chandrappa D N
Published: February 2024

India is often described as a country of villages, where a majority of the population depends on agriculture for their livelihood. The landscape of Indian agriculture is approximately 159.7 million hectares. Agriculture plays a pivotal role in India's Gross Domestic Product (GDP), accounting for about 18% of the nation's economic output. Diseases and pests can have detrimental effects on crops, leading to reduced yields. These challenges can include the spread of plant diseases, infestations by insects or other pests, and the overall degradation of crop health. Early detection of diseases in crops is crucial for several reasons. Detecting diseases at an early stage allows for prompt intervention, such as applying appropriate pesticides or taking preventive measures. The main aim of this study is to develop a highly effective method for plant leaf disease detection using computer vision techniques. Here, leaf disease detection comprises histogram equalization, denoising, image color threshold masking, feature descriptors such as Haralick textures, Hu moments, and color histograms to extract the salient features of leaf images. These features are then used to classify the images by training Logistic Regression, Linear Discriminant Analysis, K-nearest neighbor, decision tree, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machine algorithms using K-fold validation. K-fold validation is used to separate the validation samples from the training samples, and the K indicates the number of times this is repeated for the generalization. The training and validation processes are performed in two approaches. The first approach uses default hyperparameters with segmented and non-segmented images. In the second approach, all hyperparameters of the models are optimized to train segmented datasets. The classification accuracy improved by 2.19% by utilizing segmentation and hyperparameter tuning further improved by 0.48%. The highest average classification accuracy of 97.92% is achieved using the Random Forest classifier to classify 40 classes of 10 different plant species. Accurate detection of plant disease leads to the sustained growth of plants throughout the growing span of the plants.
Evaluating the Battery Management System's Performance Under Levels of State of Health (SOH) Parameters
Authors: Amifia Lora Khaula , Kamali Muhammad Adib
Published: February 2024

Batteries in electric vehicles are the primary focus battery health care. The Battery Management System (BMS) maintains optimal battery conditions by evaluating the system's Htate of health (SOH). SOH identification can recommend the right time to replace the battery to keep the electric vehicle system working optimally. With suitable title and accuracy, the battery will avoid failure and have a long service life. This research aims to produce estimates and identify SOH parameters so that the performance of the battery management system increases. The central parameter values obtained are R0, Rp, and Cp based on Thevenin battery modeling. Then, to get good initialization and accurate results, the parameter identification is completed using an adaptive algorithm, namely Coulomb Counting and Open Circuit Voltage (OCV). The two algorithms compare the identification results of error, MAE, RSME, and final SOH. The focus of this research is to obtain data on estimation error values along with information regarding reliable BMS performance. The performance of the current estimation algorithm is known by calculating the error, which is presented in the form of root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). The SOH estimation results using Coulomb Counting have a better error than OCV, namely 1.770%, with a final SOH value of 17.33%. The Thevenin battery model can model the battery accurately with an error of 0.0451%.
Optimizing Predictive Performance: Hyperparameter Tuning in Stacked Multi-Kernel Support Vector Machine Random Forest Models for Diabetes Identification
Authors: Saputra Dimas Chaerul Ekty , Ma'arif Alfian , Sunat Khamron
Published: February 2024

This study addresses the necessity for more advanced diagnostic tools in managing diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder that leads to disruptions in glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism caused by insufficient insulin activity. The research investigates the innovative application of machine learning models, specifically Stacked Multi-Kernel Support Vector Machines Random Forest (SMKSVM-RF), to determine their effectiveness in identifying complex patterns in medical data. The innovative ensemble learning method SMKSVM-RF combines the strengths of Support Vector Machines (SVMs) and Random Forests (RFs) to leverage their diversity and complementary features. The SVM component implements multiple kernels to identify unique data patterns, while the RF component consists of an ensemble of decision trees to ensure reliable predictions. Integrating these models into a stacked architecture allows SMKSVM-RF to enhance the overall predictive performance for classification or regression tasks by optimizing their strengths. A significant finding of this study is the introduction of SMKSVM-RF, which displays an impressive 73.37% accuracy rate in the confusion matrix. Additionally, its recall is 71.62%, its precision is 70.13%, and it has a noteworthy F1-Score of 71.34%. This innovative technique shows potential for enhancing current methods and developing into an ideal healthcare system, signifying a noteworthy step forward in diabetes detection. The results emphasize the importance of sophisticated machine learning methods, highlighting how SMKSVM-RF can improve diagnostic precision and aid in the continual advancement of healthcare systems for more effective diabetes management.
Assessment of risk factors and glycosylated haemoglobin in early pregnancy as predictors of diabetes in pregnancy
Authors: Jaja Mary A. , Abbey Mkpe , Oloyede Olufemi A. , Kua Paul A. , Amadi Simeon C. , Kasso Teher , Allison F. , Okagua Eghuan K. , Iwo-Amah Rose S. , Kwosah Joseph N. , Innimgba Nestor M. , Ocheche Uduak S.
Published: February 2024

Background: The aim of the study was to determine the performance of history of risk factors and universal HBA1c testing as screening tools for diabetes mellitus in the first trimester of pregnancy using OGTT as a gold standard.
Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study conducted between 8 and 13±6 weeks in 305 consecutive pregnancies in the antenatal clinics of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching (UPTH) and Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH) between January and August 2020. Each woman had oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and glycosylated haemoglobin (HBA1c) levels estimation. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out with history of risk factors and HBA1c level as independent variables and OGTT as the dependent variable for the assessment of their predictive performances.
Results: The prevalence of DM was 28.85%, 2.62% and 31.48% for GDM, pre-gestational and for both respectively. Family history of DM was associated with high specificity (91.4%) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 68.7% but low sensitivity (9.4%) and positive predictive value (PPV) (33.3%). The receiver operator characteristic curve for HBA1c revealed a significant area under the curve value: 0.653 (CI: 058-0.72), p<0.01. The optimal cut-off for HBA1c from Youden index was 5.25%. HBA1c levels had high specificity (88.5%) and NPV (75.2%) with low sensitivity (36.5%) and PPV (59.3%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed HbA1c as the only independent predictor of GDM (p=0.0001).
Conclusions: The high prevalence of diabetes (31.48%), underscores the need for universal screening in early pregnancy. The high NPV and specificity of the risk factors for GDM and HBA1c levels better predict pregnancies that are not likely to develop GDM, but they are not suitable for diagnosis because of the low sensitivity and PPV.
Evaluation of maternal-fetal outcomes, clinical manifestations, prevalence and associated factors of uterine fibroids during pregnancy: a study in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sultana Sabiha , Khatun Rahima , Sultana Tayeba , Zakiatul Husna Umme Hafsa
Published: February 2024

Background: Uterine fibroids, noncancerous growths arising from the smooth muscle cells of the uterus, are prevalent benign tumors in women during their reproductive years. Despite many pregnancies proceeding without complications, literature suggests an elevated risk during pregnancy, prompting the study to assess delivery modes in pregnant individuals with a fibroid uterus. The study aims to assess maternal-fetal outcomes, clinical manifestations, prevalence and associated factors of uterine fibroids during pregnancy.
Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted at Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College, Dhaka from 2018 to 2022, involved 80 pregnant women receiving antenatal care. Before the examination, informed consent was obtained, and participants signed the informed consent form on the examination day. Inclusion criteria comprised individuals aged 21 to 40, or >40 with a gestational age between 33 to 38 weeks, having single or multiple uterine fibroids exceeding 3/4 cm in size. Informed consent was obtained, and data collection included demographics, medical history, and ultrasound reports to assess uterine fibroids, analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Results: The study involving 80 patients with uterine fibroids reveals that the majority fall within the 31-35 age range, with a balanced urban-rural residency split. Muslim patients are predominant, and educational backgrounds show a nearly equal distribution between literate and illiterate individuals. Most patients have a BMI between 25-30 kg/m2 or >30 kg/m2. Submucosal fibroids are the most prevalent type (41.25%), mainly located in the fundus (33.75%). Caesarean section is the primary delivery mode (57.50%), with Fetal Distress being the leading indication for emergency Caesarean sections (30.00%).
Conclusions: The study reveals the intricate challenges in managing pregnancies with uterine fibroids, highlighting potential risks, including spontaneous miscarriage. The emphasis on mode of delivery and detailed fibroid assessments offers valuable insights for clinicians navigating this complex patient population.
Association of maternal serum zinc and cordblood zinc with neonatal birth weight
Authors: Mahmood Sharmeen , Deeba Farzana
Published: February 2024

Background: Zinc is essential for optimal fetal growth because of the role of zinc in cellular division, growth and differentiation. Low maternal serum zinc and cord blood zinc has been reported to be associated with low birth weight and, a risk factor for neonatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of maternal serum zinc, cord blood zinc with neonatal birth weight.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted in department of obstetrics and gynecology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from November 2020 to October 2022. A total of 60 women in their postnatal period were included in this study.
Results: In the present study, none of the socio-demographic characteristics in both case and control groups were statistically significant (p>0.05). Mean BMI was 23.88±1.36 kg/m2 in cases and 24.39±1.39 kg/m2 in controls, with 16.7% of cases overweight (p>0.05). Cases had lower maternal serum zinc (58.33±27.63 µg/dl) than controls (82.96±16.94 µg/dl), significantly affecting neonatal birth weight (p=0.001, r=+0.406). Low zinc levels (<68 µg/dl) increased the risk of birth weight <2.500 kg by nearly six times (OR 5.67, 95% CI 1.84-17.49; p=0.002).
Conclusions: Low birth weight neonates and their mothers have significant zinc deficiency as compared to term neonates and their mothers and this deficiency is correlated with zinc deficiency in mothers of these low-birth-weight neonates.
Acceptability and short-term complications of PPIUCD
Authors: Smriti Marfoonnahar , Aktar Mossa Nupur , Shilpi Umme Salma , Jahan Mahbuba Akhter , Minar Shahrin , Zuhora Fatema Tuj , Dora Sadia , Islam Nadia
Published: February 2024

Background: Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) is an effective form of long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC). Postpartum IUCD insertion is labelled when IUCD is inserted within 10 minutes to 48 hours of expulsion of placenta. assess the acceptability and short-term complications of postpartum intrauterine contraception device insertion in tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh. The aim of the study was to assess the evaluation of factors associated with acceptability of post-partum intrauterine contraceptive device (PPIUCD).
Methods: This was a prospective observational study was conducted at department of obstetrics and gynecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH).
Results: Out of 360 eligible counselled postpartum patients, 48 (13.3%) women underwent PPIUCD insertion. Acceptance of PPIUCD was higher in the age group of 25-30 years (43.75%), having former health counselling about PPIUCD (70.8%), multipara (68.75%). The commonest complications were missing thread (8.3%) followed by lower abdominal pain (6.25%), irregular per vaginal bleeding (4.2%).
Conclusions: PPIUCD is not very acceptable in our set up but it is a safe, highly effective method of contraception with very few side effects and no major complications and contraindications. The acceptability of PPIUCD can be increased with antenatal counselling and institutional delivery.
Retrospective study of maternal and neonatal outcomes in post-dated pregnancies
Authors: Patil Ambika , Sultana Arshiya , Thobbi Vidya A.
Published: February 2024

Background: Postdated pregnancy is one of the most common obstetric conditions. Pregnancy is a term between 37 weeks to 42 weeks from the last menstrual period (LMP). Postdated pregnancy causes specific hazards to both mother and fetus. Hence, we aimed to assess maternal and fetal outcomes in postdated pregnancy.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of twelve months was done in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology at Al-Ameen medical college, Vijaypura, Karnataka, India. Records of 150 postdated pregnancies were taken in the study.
Results: The study, involving 150 cases, revealed diverse baseline characteristics in postdated pregnancies. Predominantly aged 25-30 (70%), with 85.33% reaching 40-41 weeks' gestation, 65.33% were primigravida. Caesarean indications included cephalopelvic disproportion (10.42%) and meconium-stained liquor with fetal distress (37.50%). Complications, notably postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) (46.67%) and fetal meconium aspiration (39.13%) were observed. Neonatal outcomes showed 10% NICU admission, with 93.33% having APGAR scores >7. This abstract offers concise insights into obstetric characteristics and outcomes in postdated pregnancies.
Conclusions: Early intervention in postdated pregnancies reduces maternal and perinatal complications. Managing postdated pregnancies poses challenges, but careful advice and monitoring mitigate untoward outcomes for both mother and baby.
A study of maternal outcome in patients with premature rupture of membranes with gestational age more than 28 weeks
Authors: Rajmane Shantanu H. , Anand Mamta , Anand Neelesh , Senapati J. B.
Published: February 2024

Background: Premature rupture of membranes is rupture of membranes before the onset of labour irrespective of gestational age. PROM is associated with variety of maternal complications from chorioamnionitis, unfavourable cervix, dysfunctional labour to caesarean rates, postpartum haemorrhage and endometritis in mother. PROM is a still one of the most difficult and controversial problems in obstetrics.
Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study conducted in a tertiary care hospital from 2018 to 2020 (18 months). Total 275 patients admitted with complaints of per vaginal leaking with gestational age more than 28 weeks were studied. A multivariate analysis was used to find association between PROM and maternal outcome.
Results: PROM was common in women belonging to low socio-economic status (68%). Most of the cases were unbooked (73%), primigravida (42%) belonging to age group 21-25 yrs. (46%), and had gestational age more than 37 wks. (71%). 62% of cases delivered vaginally while remaining underwent LSCS, most common indication being oligohydramnios (35%). Post partum fever (14%) was most common morbidity followed UTI (7%).
Conclusions: In present study, PROM was common in unbooked cases and women belonging to low socioeconomic status. Asymptomatic bacteriuria was most common predisposing factor.  Maternal morbidity corresponds to duration between PROM and delivery. Early diagnosis and appropriate management reduces hospital stay and maternal morbidity.
Descriptive study of clinical profile of severe preeclampsia
Authors: Gusain Nisha , Mule Vidya Dinkar , Lalgudi Swetha Sekar
Published: February 2024

Background: The study was conducted to find out the frequency, risk factors, maternal complications, fetal outcome, the early intervention and treatment in cases of severe preeclampsia in a tertiary care centre.
Methods: It was a descriptive observational study conducted at department of obstetrics and gynecology for the duration of 18 months. Severe preeclampsia diagnosed by clinical features, risk factors identified by history taking, treatment given according to institutional protocol, maternal and neonatal outcome was analysed.
Results: Frequency of severe preeclampsia was 1.3%. Majority of the patients belong to the age group of 20-30 years. Risk factors recorded- raised BMI, primiparity, previous preeclampsia history 56.7% patients underwent LSCS. Complications noted- eclampsia, abruption, PPH, renal failure and HELLP syndrome. 60.5% neonates were having low birth weight (<2.5 kg). Perinatal mortality was found in 14.9% of neonates. Most common reason for maternal ICU admission- ARF followed by DIC, eclampsia. There was no maternal mortality in our study.
Conclusions: Adequate antenatal visits, good antenatal care and NICU care can reduce the morbidity and mortality. For early detection of cases, regular blood pressure monitoring by family physician is essential in predisposed individuals. Early reporting to the institute on development of symptoms, timed termination of pregnancy, wider use of magnesium sulfate, availability and implementation of emergency obstetric care reduces the morbidity and mortality. Although the number of patients undergoing LSCS is more, a fair amount of induction trial can be given with proper monitoring services.
Rare co-occurrence of a Mullerian cyst and a Gartner's duct cyst
Authors: Purandare Tanushree , Junnare Ketaki
Published: February 2024

Vaginal cysts of embryological origin are a relatively rare entity. They are often small, solitary and asymptomatic, found incidentally on pelvic examination or imaging. Mullerian cysts are formed by remnants of paramesonephric (Mullerian) ducts, while Gartner's duct cysts are formed by remnants of mesonephric ducts (Wolffian) ducts. These are usually managed expectantly unless they become large and symptomatic. In this case, surgical excision is done. We report the case of a 36-year-old female who presented to the outpatient department of gynaecology with symptoms of mass per vaginum, vaginal discharge and pelvic pain. She did not have any bladder or bowel complaints. Upon pelvic examination, she was found to have a second degree uterovaginal prolapse with a decubitus ulcer and a reducible cystocele. The ulcer had a small opening giving continuous discharge. We suspected this to be a ruptured cyst along the right antero lateral vaginal wall. The patient was admitted for a cyst excision and vaginal hysterectomy. Only intraoperatively, another cyst along the posterior vaginal wall, close to the vault, was discovered. Histopathological examination confirmed the anterolateral one was a Mullerian cyst, unusually accompanied by a Gartner's duct cyst on the posterior vaginal wall.
Ludwig's angina complicating pregnancy: an unusual presentation
Authors: Singh Aruna , Saha Pradip Kumar , Kumar Abhay , Bagga Rashmi , Chauhan Neha
Published: February 2024

Pregnancy is a state of several physiological changes, which predisposes many to oral health problems. However, the majority of pregnant women do not receive oral health counseling. Pregnant women who receive inadequate dental care are at risk for odontogenic infections, which can have serious consequences. Here we are presenting a case of 32 weeks pregnancy with Ludwig's angina complicated by acute renal failure.
Fertility preservation in women undergoing treatment for malignancies: a narrative review
Authors: Gupta Nidhi , Takkar Navneet
Published: February 2024

Incidence of cancer is increasing in young patients with simultaneous improvement in survival secondary to advances in cancer treatment. Fertility preservation in this young population is often overlooked in view of priority of cancer treatment, however it is important to avoid distress and provide a good quality of life in these young patients of child bearing age. Fertility might be affected due to systemic therapy like chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery involving reproductive organs. Timely referral to reproductive specialist during the narrow window after diagnosis and before starting cytotoxic treatment is required. Embryo and oocyte cryopreservation remains the gold standard with ovarian tissue cryopreservation and re-transplantation undertaken for special situations. Patients undergoing pelvic or abdominal radiotherapy benefit from ovarian transposition and ovarian shielding. Medical gonado-protection with Gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist during cytotoxic chemotherapy remains an area of controversy with conflicting results with recent consensus for use in premenopausal breast cancer patients. Patients requiring surgery for endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer or cervical cancer may be considered for conservative management including conservative surgery for early stage cancers with specific indications with the intent to allow patients to complete family. Adequate patient counselling for oncology outcomes and fertility preservation are required to enable the patients to take informed decisions to choose the unconventional path of cancer management and uncertainty involving pregnancy and live births.
The Effect of Customized 3D Printed Insoles on Physical Activity Level, Balance, and Physical Performance in Patients with Pes Planus: A Randomized, Placebo Controlled, Double-Blinded Study
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Enes , KURUL Ramazan
Published: February 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of individually designed insoles on physical activity level, balance and functional performance in patients with pes planus.

Methods: 38 participants were divided into 2 groups as 3D printed (n=20) and placebo(n=18). In the 3D printed group, medial longitudinal arch support, medial wedge of the foot, medial heel wedge and transverse arch support were given to the insoles according to the needs of the participants. The placebo group received placebo insoles. Range of motion, muscle strength, static and dynamic balance, physical and physical activity levels were measured at baseline, and eight weeks later (clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT05306886).

Results: Muscle strengths of the plantar flexion and eversion increased after the use of insoles in the 3D printed and placebo groups (p0.05), but there were significant improvements in dynamic balance in both groups (p
Adults' Awareness about Mask Use
Authors: CİHAN Fatma Gökşin , KÜÇÜKCERAN Hatice , DURDURAN Yasemin , GÖKGÖZ DURMAZ Funda
Published: February 2024

Objective: Respiratory pandemics cannot be prevented from spreading if the mask is not worn correctly. This study aims to determine people's awareness of mask use and the factors that influence mask use during a period when masks are mandatory.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in a university hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic (June 2020), when mask use was mandatory. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics and mask use.

Results: In the presented study, 705 people were included. The mean age of the participants was 35.86±8.77 (18-65) years old and 71.2% (n=502) were male, and 45.5% (n=321) were university graduates. Full compliance with the pandemic rules was achieved by 83.7% of women (n=170) and 58.0% of men (n=291) (p
Optimalisasi Perkembangan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun Melalui Teknik Dasar Parkour Pada Kelas B di R.A. Perwanida Barabai
Authors: Hakam Imam Al , Hasanah Nor Izzatil
Published: February 2024

Artikel ini dilatarbelakangi oleh perkembangan motorik kasar anak di RA Perwanida Barabai yang kurang baik. Oleh karena itu penelitia nini bertujuan untuk menguji efektifitas parkour untuk mengembangkan motorik anak. Penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan kuasi eksperimen dijadikan sebagai metode penelitian ini. Penelitian ini hanya menggunakan satu kelas dan menggunakan tes pre-test dan post-test. Hasil tes pada kelas postest mencapai rata-rata 91,19. Nilai rata-rata 69,18 dicapai pada kelas pre-test. Pengujian hipotesis dengan independent t-test diketahui bahwa hasil uji sampel berpasangan untuk data Pretest kelas eksperimen dengan Posttest kelas eksperimen diperoleh nilai p sebesar 0,000 < 0,05, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Hipotesis H1 diterima atau tidak. Dengan kata lain dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan atau signifikan antara pre-test dan post-test, bahwa penelitian ini dapat memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap penggunaan teknik dasar parkour untuk mengoptimalkan motorik kasar anak usia dini. pada usia 5-6 tahun di RA Perwanida Barabai.
Uvajanje lokalne participacije v pedagoški proces
Authors: Pavlakovič Farrell Barbara , Koščak Marko
Published: February 2024

Učbenik »Uvajanje lokalne participacije v pedagoški proces« izpostavlja pomen vključenosti različnih skupnosti v procese načrtovanja razvoja turizma. V uvodnem delu je predstavljen sam pojem lokalna participacija oziroma sodelovanje javnosti pri načrtovalskih procesih v turizmu. Pojasnjeni so razlogi in stopnje vključevanja javnosti v razvojne procese. Učbenik nadalje predstavi primere dobre prakse sodelovanja z lokalno skupnostjo iz tujine in Slovenije. Nato se učbenik osredotoči na sam postopek vključevanja javnosti, kjer so opisani posamezni koraki sodelovanja ter podani konkretni nasveti glede organizacije participativnih dogodkov. Še posebej so izpostavljene tehnike javne participacije, ki se jih lahko poslužimo pri sodelovanju z različnimi deležniki. Učbenik na koncu predstavi primere vključevanja lokalne participacije v študijski proces na Fakulteti za turizem Univerze v Mariboru ter poda osnutek delovnega načrta za prihodnje primere vključevanja sodelovanja s skupnostmi v študijski proces.
O rozumie i religii w Lewiatanie Thomasa Hobbes’a
Authors: Albu Ioana
Published: February 2024

Prezentowany artykuł jest próbą przedstawienia bardzo szczególnej części rozważań Hobbes’a, tj. rozważań dotyczących roli religii w życiu politycznym i myśli politycznej. Rozważania te odnajdujemy w drugiej części „Lewiatana”, która poświęcona jest wyłącznie Biblii. Hobbes skupia się w swej książce na Biblii zdając sobie sprawę z konfliktu między prawami naturalnymi i biblijnymi objawieniami. Wie także jak ogromne znaczenie ma złagodzenie tego konfliktu. Hobbes proponuje taką interpretację Biblii, dzięki, której możliwe jest uwzględnienie wolności jednostki wynikającej z praw naturalnych. Ma to osłabić napięcie między chrześcijaństwem a naukami głoszonymi przez myśliciela. Współcześni Hobbes’a byli przerażeni tą egzegezą Pisma Św., pod którą każdy anglikanin czy purytanin mógł z łatwością odkryć ateizm. Nie jest prostą ocena dorobku Thomasa Hobbes’a. Wynika to z różnorodności form i stylów, jakimi się posługiwał, a także już ugruntowanej pozycji, jaką zajmuje w naukach politycznych. Mimo polemik „Lewiatana” należy uznać za prawdopodobnie największe arcydzieło myśli politycznej napisane w języku angielskim. Stanowi ono sumę przemyśleń autora dotyczących polityki, prawa i teologii. To właśnie ostatniej z wymienionych dyscyplin poświęcony jest artykuł.
On Social Emergence: A Non-Dichotomous Approach to Qualitative Data Analysis
Authors: Biały Kamila , Piasek Piotr F.
Published: February 2024

As part of our research project titled The Shaping of Subjectivity and Biographies of Individuals in the Face of the Transformations of a Neo-modern Society, data was collected with a tool of narrative interviewing focusing on the present experience. In this article, we propose a nondichotomous way of analyzing this qualitative material. The inspiration for creating the presented analytics is the epistemological position of the Gestalt psychotherapy as well as phenomenology (Merleau-Ponty and Waldenfels). The narrative interviews were aimed at theorizing (about) subjectivity in the biographies of contemporary Poles, but the analysis focuses not so much on depicting subjectivity as ‘basic agency’ – i.e. that which provides the possibility of action, interaction, self-narrating – but, rather, on seeing subjectivity as a component that emerges only in the long process of narration and interaction.
Late Modern Projectivity and Existentialism
Authors: Pieniążek Paweł
Published: February 2024

The article addresses the issue of the relationship between existentialism and late modern projectivity interpreted in terms of project work and of biographical projectivity. It does so from the perspective of transformations of subjectivity in modernity and late modernity, and, therefore, from the perspective of the process of individualization. The objective is to answer the question of the belonging of existentialism to one of these sociocultural formations. For these purposes, some major categories of existentialism such as project, anxiety, and temporality are analyzed. Their analysis leads to the conclusion that there is a close, structural correlation between existentialism and sociocultural structures of modernity as well as that existentialism, in contrast to late modern projectivity, has some emancipatory potential related to its alienating status in modernity. The article refers to the methodology of qualitative sociology.
Nietypowe stosunki zatrudnienia a status sygnalisty w świetle aksjologii whistleblowingu
Authors: Łaguna Łukasz
Published: February 2024

Zawężając zjawisko nietypowych stosunków zatrudnienia do zatrudnienia cywilnoprawnego, autor stawia następujące hipotezy badawcze, które będą przedmiotem analizy niniejszego tekstu: „Dyrektywa Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady (UE) 2019/1937 z dnia 23 października 2019 r. w sprawie ochrony osób zgłaszających naruszenia prawa Unii nie rozróżnia uprawnień pracowników oraz osób świadczących pracę za wynagrodzeniem na innej podstawie niż umowa o pracę” oraz „Aksjologia, a także prawa będące źródłem whistleblowingu i samej dyrektywy gwarantują prawo do zgłaszania naruszeń wszystkim osobom, niezależnie od podstawy zatrudnienia”. Co równie istotne, pomimo wprowadzenia analogicznych mechanizmów na poziomie materialnoprawnym ani dyrektywa, ani Kodeks postępowania cywilnego nie gwarantują niepracownikom preferencyjnych uprawnień dochodzenia roszczeń w porównaniu do praw procesowych pracowników. Z analizy przeprowadzonej w ramach opracowania wynika, że wszystkie powyższe hipotezy badawcze są prawdziwe.
Wystąpienie jako forma ochrony prawa do minimalnej stawki godzinowej
Authors: Paroń Łukasz
Published: February 2024

Wprowadzenie minimalnej stawki godzinowej dla osób wykonujących pracę na podstawie umów cywilnoprawnych stanowiło istotny przełom w standardzie ochrony prawnej tej grupy zatrudnionych. Zmianie tej towarzyszyło przyznanie Państwowej Inspekcji Pracy kompetencji do kontrolowania tego zagadnienia oraz kierowania środka prawnego w postaci wystąpienia. Przyjęte rozwiązanie jest interesujące i wymaga analizy w zestawieniu z innym środkiem stosowanym przez państwowych inspektorów pracy – w postaci nakazu płacowego. Porównanie tych środków prawnych jest uzasadnione ze względu na zbliżony cel ich stosowania, jakim jest gwarantowanie wypłacenia wynagrodzenia osobom świadczącym pracę najemną.