bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emerging Concepts and Practices in Post-Harvest Management of Horticultural Crops Revisited
Authors:   Department of Plant sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka, J. M. Mathushika
Published: August 2021

This paper offers a comprehensive account on the emerging concepts and practices in post-harvest management of horticultural crops. Post-harvest science and technology facilitates the industries to deliver safe, nutritious and fresh horticultural products to consumers at the end of the supply chain from farm to mouth. Substantial food wastages, which occur in the post-harvest period and such losses, could be reduced by improved post-harvest research, advancement, training and education. At present, many novel technologies and techniques are already being implemented to reduce the post-harvest losses which are witnessed at harvesting, during packing and transportation, in wholesale and retail markets, and during delays at various levels of handling. Improvements are also required to minimize the losses effectively and keep the process-cost low so that it could be applicable at commercial scale in a wide range of economic levels. By developing the practices utilized at post-harvest phase, the expenses accompanying for additional processing paces could also be reduced. Future studies should also be focused on incorporating various emerging technologies with post-harvest practices and appropriate improved practices should be adopted to an existing value chain and marketing system.
Environmental Policy and Its Role in Achieving Sustainability Requirements: An Analytical Study at the General Company for Battery Industry / Babylon 1 Factory
Authors: Hassan Vian Mohammed , Al-Basri Abdul Reza Shafiq
Published: August 2021

Environmental policy represents one of the important administrative issues for organizations that seek to
have a bright future. They are required to make great and real efforts to diagnose the environmental
dimension, evaluate environmental efforts, and think about effective means, mechanisms and ways to
protect the environment in the future and to correct past mistakes. The aim of this research is to show the
impact that the environmental policy can play in achieving the requirements of sustainability. The research
relied on the independent variable represented by the environmental policy, and the dependent variable
17 السياسة البيإية ودور ا ف تحقيق متطلبا االستدامة
Millennium Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 2(4): (2021)
on sustainability and its requirements represented by (rationalization of resource consumption, reducing
pollution, reducing the impact on human health, and using renewable energy).
The descriptive analytical approach was adopted in the completion of this research, and it included
answering the questions related to the research problem by testing two main hypotheses, with regard to
correlation and influence relations. The General Battery Industry / Babel 1 Factory in Baghdad, and the
statistical program (SPSS.V.23) was used to extract the results. This research reached a set of conclusions
regarding environmental policy, the most prominent of which is that it has a continuous and effective
positive impact that occurs due to internal and external environmental factors in achieving sustainability,
which was represented by the validity of the two hypotheses of the research with the existence of a link
and impact of environmental policy on sustainability.
Keywords: Environment, environmental policy, sustainability
Why Should Vaccinated People Wear Masks Indoors in Areas of High Community Transmission? Rationale for CDC's Recent Recomendation
Authors: Rao Sohail , Singh Manish
Published: August 2021

N/A
The Influence of Ethnic Media Online on Vietnamese American Immigrant Voting Patterns
Authors: Nguyen Judy , Solomon Robin
Published: August 2021

Several studies have found that Vietnamese Americans display Republican voting patterns in U.S. elections compared to Democratic voting patterns found in other Asian American ethnic groups. The literature in the field speculates that these voting patterns can be explained by cultural beliefs attained from the Vietnam War and disdain for communism and China. Other research has explored the prevalence of ethnic media usage in the Vietnamese American community. This study aims to explore the role of ethnic media usage on Vietnamese American immigrant voting patterns. To investigate this phenomenon, semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with six Vietnamese American immigrants ranging from the ages of 30 to 54. The collected data was analyzed by coding for themes (thematic analysis). Analysis of the interview responses demonstrated that ethnic media usage has a significant impact on voting patterns and political beliefs. The findings of this research indicate that Vietnamese Americans sought out ethnic media that would specifically cater to their pre-existing beliefs, solidifying their political views, and ultimately leading them to vote a certain way. With this understanding, future election campaigns should focus their efforts online through ethnic media outlets to better interact with the Vietnamese community. Further research is needed to explore this phenomenon in other ethnic groups and to ascertain the importance of ethnic media to immigrant populations.
Obstacles to the Russian Modernization Agenda Through a Two-Level Analysis Approach
Authors: DeVos Marielle , Berge Jill
Published: August 2021

Economic modernization in Russia is heavily reliant on increased market competition and diversity within the Russian economy. However, modernization has been largely unsuccessful due to a misalignment between the goals of the Russian modernization agenda, including those in the PCA and P4M, and the state’s behavior both domestically and internationally. This study finds that domestic institutions within Russia continue to execute on a legislative agenda contradictory to their modernization agenda due to both state security priorities and the power imbalances within the government.
Perceptions of the HPV Vaccine in Indian Immigrant Mothers
Authors: Chitturi Ramya , Flowers Rossner Kate
Published: August 2021

Each year, over 14 millions Americans are infected with human papillomavirus, or HPV. Yet, the 2020 US goal is to vaccinate 80% of all adolescents for HPV is over 25% higher than the actual vaccination rate of teens, which was 54.2% in 2019. In California specifically, Asians were found to have the lowest HPV vaccination rates compared to other ethnic groups. When looking at the major Asian subgroups, the Indian American population has grown by 76% between 2000 and 2010 in Santa Clara County. Yet, no previous studies have been conducted about the Indian immigrant population. Thus, this paper explores the following research question: How do Indian immigrant mothers in Santa Clara County, California perceive vaccinating their daughters for HPV? 

A phenomenological study using one-on-one virtual interviews was conducted using two question frameworks to structure the interview questions: the Socio-Context framework and Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Services. Indian immigrant mothers’ were found to significantly prioritize their daughter’s safety. Another notable theme was that there was a strong trust in the overall science of vaccines to keep the daughters safe. Although many mothers believed that the HPV vaccine was a decision solely between the parents and the doctor, some mothers believed that their community would be influenced fairly strongly by the actions of their family and friends regarding vaccinating their children for HPV. Overall, this study examined the HPV vaccine perception in an understudied population, Indian immigrant mothers in California.
Binge-Swiping Through Politics
Authors: Sodani Theo , Mendenhall Scott
Published: August 2021

Social media has been used as a tool to spread political information since its creation, but its effectiveness has not been studied in depth. Older and wider known platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat have been the focus of several academic studies, while newer platforms such as TikTok have been ignored. The guiding question of this study is, "does the social media platform TikTok inspire teenagers and young adults (13-20) to participate in political activities such as activism, voting, and educating themselves about political issues better than other social media platforms?" I hypothesized that TikTok usage would have a very strong correlation to political involvement of any kind. To answer the question, the study employed a mixed-method approach including a survey with 16 questions and an interview with TikTok content creators with 8 questions. The survey had 100 respondents and the interview had 6 respondents. This study found that TikTok had a stronger influence on teenage engagement in online political actions, especially learning about political issues. TikTok had a very small influence on teenage involvement in politics offline. Even though my hypothesis was only partially correct and TikTok doesn’t impact young people to vote as much as I expected, it still has a great value in society because it helps provide young people with the information they need to cast a well-informed ballot.
POTENTIAL OF NANOSTRUCTURED LIPID CARRIERS IN NOSE TO BRAIN TARGETING FOR ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Authors: S. Nikam Supriya , B. Watode Ankita , P. Phadatare Priya , Kayande Kalyani
Published: August 2021

Due to the number of disorders associated with oral, parenteral, rectal and other routes of administration, Scientists are increasingly interested in exploring the potential nasal uses of various drugs. Intranasal drug delivery systems are commonly known to treat ailments such as colds, coughs, and rhinitis. This review therefore focuses on new research on nanostructured lipid transporters for nasal brain targets that are beneficial for various neurodegenerative disorders. Here highlighted one is Alzheimer disorder. The incorporation of drugs into nanoparticles selects drug delivery from the nose to the brain due to high drug absorption through the nasal mucosa and many benefits of brain-targeted drug delivery such as avoidance of BBB could be a talent approach. This is achieved by pathway mechanism. NLC as a lipid-containing drug delivery system, is an established method for pharmaceutical preparation for all major types of DDS in Nano science. NLC is a new type of DDS, stable in various environments and capable of forming centralized dispersions. This article covers various processes of NLC production/ preparation and its applications with current advances. NLC can increase drug delivery to target organs, alter the pharmacokinetics of drug carriers to enhance therapeutic effects and reduce harmful side effects.
METHOD OF TALEB IBN HAMDOUN BIN AL-HADJ, IN HIS COMMENTARY ON THE EXPLANATION OF BEHREK ON THE LITERACY OF VERBS OF IBN MALIK
Authors: ZERROUKI Djemaa
Published: August 2021

The verbal illiteracy of Ibn Malik Al-Andalusian (d. 672 AH) did not get the same as his millennium, and perhaps this is due to its limitation to some morphological sections only, or to its brevity, but the one who is aware of it realizes the extent of its hoarding with valuable and less important things that came in the millennium This confirms what some grammarians have done to annotate them and annotations, which formed an integral with what came in its textual body of texts, and this integration is recently called "the term" radioactive bibliogram of texts "or" the dichotomy of texts "and can be represented in a diagram that will be revealed by the pages of the intervention. Among the important explanations that were found was, the "retinue of Ibn Hamdoun", which accumulated evidence and opinions of Arab sculptors in the East and the Maghreb, and collected many submerged works. On this basis, a "sample for study" was selected in order to describe what was stated in it? and to introduce the methodology of its author. The analysis of what is in its body will be according to the following plan: _ Brief introduction to the student Ibn Hamdoun bin Al-Hadj.
RENEWAL OF THE ARABIC GRAMMAR AT IBN ROSHD
Authors: KHEDIME Asma
Published: August 2021

This Paper aims to analyse and discuss one of the issues that have preoccupied Muslim philosophers, chief among them Ibn Rashid, who has devoted particular attention to the grammatical lesson. It is meant to be common to all tongues and to achieve the most scientific and objective, and Ibn Rashid wanted to make it a welcome space to legalize and arrange language according to scientific criteria, which would make it easier to treat it as a science that transcends all differences and geographical boundaries. How did Ibn Roshd find the grammatical lesson before him? And what are the details of his regenerative project? In order to deal with this problem, we first followed the features of the grammatical lesson in Andalusia and all the changes that he had learned. We then turned to the efforts of Ibn Hazm Al-Zahiri and Ibn Madhaa in resurrecting and reviving this lesson. "Necessary in the grammar" as combining his two arguments with the new vision adopted by the philosopher of Córdoba for the development of this science and its openness to other cognitive fields.
USING DIGITAL MONTAGE TO BUILD A FREE CHARACTER
Authors: SHATI Anwar Abed
Published: August 2021

Montage is one of the basic elements in cinematographic work, as it is a second production process for the work in terms of composition, habit of formulation, interconnection between shots and scenes, and also added the element of sound, special effects and color correction ... etc., due to the characteristic of this digital technique in manipulating all the elements of the image in a creative way in all Elements of work, such as decoration, accessories, adding fictional scenes ... etc., and converting them to the computer, and then acting on them through the montage completely, but this is in the field of image and sound, but there are fictional films that need to make characters who are compatible with nature, and possess capabilities Superhero and has the ability to transform into virtual bodies within the artistic work, and insert them into the cinematic space, in order to perform the functions with the rest of the elements of the cinematic medium as well as the elements of the dramatic construction, so all of the above of this the researcher raises the following question: (How is digital montage employed? In building a fictional character)? The research came as follows: Methodological framework: It includes the research problem, its importance and objectives, as well as the limits of research and the definition of terminology. The theoretical framework: It was divided into two topics as follows: The first topic: the concept of digital montage, the second topic: the fictional character: After that, the researcher reached the indicators of the theoretical framework. Research procedures: It included the research method, the research community, the research sample, the research tool, the analysis unit, and the sample analysis, which was the film (X MEN) according to the indicators that the researcher came out with from the theoretical framework. After analyzing the sample, the researcher came to a number of findings and conclusions, including: 1. The digital montage, through its advanced software, possesses the ability to create a fictional virtual character and activate its potential in the cinematic movie. 2. Digital montage can be employed after dispensing with many traditional techniques at the level of photography or montage, as well as building space and time.
THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF DISTANCE LEARNING
Authors: BOUCHIKHI Fatima
Published: August 2021

Because of the developement and technology, learners and teachers shift from the traditional way of education to the modern one.This later involves studying from home without going or being at school or university.The modern style of education has advantages and disadvantages.In case of disadvantages we have to suggest solutions for enhancing distance learning.
DONATUS' RESISTANCE TO ROMAN POWER, BETWEEN THE 3RD AND 5TH CENTURIES AD
Authors: NASEREDDIN Temam
Published: August 2021

According to the term Catholic polemicists, historians such as Opitat Milév and Saint Augustin, who called the anti-Romanian movement and the Catholic Church of Carthage loyal to it, called the Donatismus, a Christian religious movement that appeared in Morocco in the third century AD and flourished between the fourth and fifth centuries AD, which was named after one of its great founders (Donatus), a Christian cleric born in Tivest (present-day Algeria), who refused to submit to the will of the emperor, and the resistance of the Catholic bishops of Carthage who They contented themselves with being under the banner of the emperor and the Roman authority, Those conditions in which Donatus saw a severe indignation from the principles of Christ and a shattering of the strength of the faithful believers in Christianity, an outright retreat from true Christianity, a religious apostasy and a betrayal of the victims of oppression (martyrs). Donatism emerged in the form of an independent religious current opposing the Church of Carthage, a reason that was sufficient for the beginning of the conflict between Donatism and its allies from The lower popular classes, together with the Church of Carthage and the Romanian authority, were evident in the many revolutions throughout Morocco, represented by the revolutions of the Circum Cellas, who tasted the woes of the Romanian authority and the Catholic Christians in Morocco, and the revolts of the Fermus brothers and after Gildon (Ghildon), However, the Romanian authority did not remain static, but rather used all its capabilities to quell these revolutions and eliminate this Donatian bee that was able to strike the stability of the Romans and Catholics in Morocco.
INVESTING SOLAR ENERGY FOR PRODUCING ELECTRIC ENERGY IN THE SOUTHERN BADIA OF IRAQ (RAMADI, HADITHA, ANAH, AL-QAIM, AL-RUTBA, AL-NUKHAYEB, NAJAF, ALSHABAJAH, AL-MA'ANIYA, AL-SAMAWAH, AS-SALMAN,AL-BUSAYYAH, AS -SAFAWI, BASRA, AND AL-ZUBAIR(
Authors: MAHDI Frias Fadhil , HURAT Ismeal Abbass
Published: August 2021

The electric power sector is considered as the most important active economic sector in public life aspects including industrial, agricultural, service and recreational ones. It is known that traditional energy (fossil fuels) causes climate problems. Such problems have negative impact on the atmosphere, due to the increase in air pollution and the emergence of global sources such as solar energy as it is clean and renewable energy. As the southern Badia of Iraq has a high solar energy, it is possible to invest it in the production of electric energy and then employing it in the developmental fields in those cities (mentioned above) and even remote ones. Thus, this will lead to reducing the quantities of fossil energy consumption as well as reducing its polluting emissions to the atmosphere and its negative effects on nature, man in particular. The main objective of this study is to discover the potentials of the study area of solar radiation energy evaluating and choosing the optimal sites for the construction of the aforementioned power stations. In processing its data, the study used statistical methods to calculate the amount of solar energy reaching the surface of the study cities in the southern Badia of Iraq according to the following equation: Solar Energy = the amount of solar energy (Kilo Watt/ M2/ day) = the total solar radiation (calorie/C2/day) *constant, where the constant equals (0.0116) The study reached the most important results: Some of the study stations recorded the best optimal sites for constructing solar power stations. These are the stations of As Safawi, Busayyah, As-Salman, Al-Ma'aniya, Al-Shabajah, Al-Samawah, Najaf, Al-Nukhayb, and Al-Rutba. On the other hand, the Basra and Zubair stations recorded the lowest values for solar energy; therefore they are not ideal sites compared to other stati.
MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION MESSAGES THAT WERE EXCHANGED BETWEEN THE STATE OF MEDINA AND THE KINGS AND PRINCES, AND THEIR IMPACT ON SPREADING ISLAM OUTSIDE MEDINA: A DESCRIPTIVE AND ANALYTICAL STUDY
Authors: ALZAIN Nahid Hamza Mohamed Salih
Published: August 2021

The work of the diplomatic delegations sent by the Messenger Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace, outside the state of Medina is one of the most important areas of media and communication that helped spread the Islamic call inside and outside the Arabian Peninsula, and it had a good impact on the media and publicizing the call of Islam. These diplomatic media delegations linked Muslims to the whole world between a supporter or an opponent, played an important role in diplomatic relations as it is a means of communication between peoples and a tool for understanding between nations, it transferred Islam from local treatment to global, shook the thrones of some Kings and some have been introduced to Islam, some kings have been drawn into war. The research contains two chapters and an introductory introduction. The first chapter deals with communication and the art of diplomacy outside Medina, where the movement of diplomatic delegations began, for example, the delegation of the Prophet to Najashi, the text of the message from Najashi to the Prophet, the text of the Prophet's message that sent to Najashi, the results of sending prophetic messages to kings and princes, Studying the evidence of these media practices of the Messenger and then analyze the communicative position. While the second chapter deals with communication and the art of diplomacy through fraternity between Muhajirin and Ansar in Medina. Brotherhood is a communicative phenomenon, the (Leen) model and its application to the task of Musab bin Omair.
PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH AND CORONA
Authors: HATEM Wahiba Guiraa , HAFFAF Hassiba
Published: August 2021

Covid-19 can be considered the most serious global health crisis to hit humanity since the Second World War. It has not only affected the health aspect, but also various aspects of economic, social, educational, political and even cultural life, resulting in high levels of stress and anxiety in a difficult test of our ability to adapt to the unknown. There is no doubt that the mental and psychic health of individuals has been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic and by the exceptional and unprecedented measures that restrict individual freedoms, such as quarantine, social distancing contrary to the social nature of human beings, as well as therapeutic and preventive protocols as a means of responding to the spread of the virus, which have caused and continue to cause psychological problems for individuals who do not respond positively to this crisis and who are in a fragile psychological situation. This article discusses the mental health effects of this pandemic, such as anxiety disorders, OCD, PTSD and depression, highlighting the main psychological and physical symptoms that can result from the fear of inter-individual transmission and quarantine. It also discusses the best ways and strategies for coping with this pandemic, as well as the most important psychological techniques that are part of cognitive-behavioural psychotherapy, including physical techniques such as relaxation and breath control, cognitive techniques such as cognitive reconstruction, as well as emotional techniques such as mindfulness, which help to mitigate the psychological effects and build psychological immunity for an effective response to the pandemic.
EVIDENCE FOR MONOTHEISM BETWEEN RELIGION AND PHILOSOPHY
Authors: KOUKI Saber
Published: August 2021

The research is about the Islamic faith and it is interested in proving the monotheism issue from an Islamic and rational point of view. This will be fulfilled through a survey of evidences from Sunnah and a reading into philosophic approaches of the most well-known Arab-Islamic philosophers andthinlres such as ELFARABI, Ibn-SINA, el kendy, Ibn Roched and Cheik Mohamed Abdou ….This research aims mainly at: - Firmly establishing Religious thinking attempting to reconcile religion and philosophy. - Drawing a path where Ideology and philosophy could huddle together in harmony.
THE COMMITMENT OF CRUISE TOUR OPERATORS TO THE TOURIST SAFETY AND SECURITY IN THE ALGERIAN LAW (COMPARATIVE STUDY)
Authors: HANENE Khouadjia Samiha
Published: August 2021

Marine transport has developed worldwide. As a result, the design of passenger ships has improved since they are considered the main residence location of passengers and tourists. Thus, ships have become floating hotels, where recreational activities, leisure and celebrations are found. This has turned cruise tours have into a lucrative business. Alongside the boom that marine tourism has witnessed as one of the most dynamic sectors in the tourism industry, tragic events, that cannot be ignored, took place. One of these events was the sinking of the Costa Concordia cruise ship in 2012 that caused many deaths and injuries among passengers and tourists on board. This event evokes the question of the responsibility of cruise tour operators, its range and its limits. In contrast with the Egyptian and French laws that distinguish between the responsibility system of the tour operator and that of the marine transporter, the Algerian law does not make any distinction between the two systems, resulting in legal shortcomings in the case of damage that affects tourists. This latter is subject to the marine transporter legal system concerning commitment and responsibility, where the damage must be in relation to the use of the ship, which implies that bodily and material damages are not included, resulting in the decrease in the protection expectation level of the tourist consumer. In addition to the above, the lack of a distinction between the two responsibility systems leads to the multiplication of law sources and to the difficulty of its legal characterization that helps in determining the responsibility of the professionals held responsible for the tourist safety and committed to their security.
The “Mix-Factor” is involved in the regulation of the organism's redox systems in the late stages of ontogenesis and affects the lifespan of animals
Authors: Bozhkov Anatoly , Ivanov Ievgeniy , Klimova Elena , Kurguzova Natalia , Bozhkov Аndrii , Goltvyanskiy Anatoly , Nikitchenko Yuri
Published: August 2021

Abstract: the content of lipid hydroperoxides in the serum and liver mitochondria in animals in the late stages of ontogenesis (12 and 33 months old, Wistar male rats) was investigated. The possible effect of the food additive (“mix factor”) on these parameters in 33 months old animals, if they received this supplement from 22 months age daily throughout life in a dose of 0.05 - 0.06 ml / 100 g of body weight was determined. Moreover, the lifespan of animals was determined if they started taking a mix – factor from 22 months and from 30.5 months age. The influence of the mix – factor on the ability of old animals to perform work was determined in a separate series of experiments. It was shown that from 22 to 33 months the content of lipid hydroperoxides in mitochondria and serum increased by 23% and 41%, respectively. The activity of glutathione peroxidase in the serum, mitochondria and erythrocytes decreased, and the activity of glutathione reductase decreased only in the post-mitochondrial fraction of the liver. At the same time, malate– isocitrate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphate dehydrogenase remained unchanged in 33 months old animals compared with 12 months old animals. If animals from 22 months age received a mix factor with drinking water in a dose of 0.05-0.06 mg / 100 g of body weight every day until the end of life, the content of lipid hydroperoxides and the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase of 33 months old animals did not differ from 12 months old animals. The survival curve in animals receiving the mix factor was shifted to the right from 25 to 28 months of age compared with the survival curve of control animals. If animals began to receive the mix – factor at a very old age (from 30.5 months age) until the end of life, their lifespan was longer than that of the control animals. The last ones lived to 41 months, while the animals of the control group lived to 36 months. At the same time, the mix – factor increased the ability of old animals to do work in the test “running in treadmill”.
Key words: aging, redox-system, geroprotectors, lifespan
Design and Analysis of Multipurpose Agriculture Vehicle
Authors: Vinoth Dr. B. , Vinothpandiyan M. , Sethumadhavan R. , Pavithran C.
Published: August 2021

The main aim of the project is to develop multipurpose agricultural vehicle, for performing major agricultural operations like ploughing, seeding, harvesting. The modification includes fabricating a vehicle which is small, compact in size. The project is about a machine design which makes cultivation much simpler. The design of the chassis of the vehicle is made in such a way that it is suitable for the operations. The design for automatic seed sowing equipment is made. The plough is designed and modified the currently available plough tool in such a way that it with stand the load. The harvester (cutter) is designed and working by scotch yoke mechanism.
Assessment of Serum L-Ficolin Level as Inflammatory Marker and Its Correlation with Serum C-Reactive Protein, D-Dimer and Ferritin in a Sample of Iraqi COVID-19 Patients
Authors:   Collage of Medicine – Al-Nahrain University – Baghdad –Iraq., Abdulhussein Layth Taha , Abdullatif Dr. Mohammed ,   Collage of Medicine – Al-Nahrain University – Baghdad –Iraq., Malik Dr. Aref Sami ,   Collage of Medicine – Al-Nahrain University – Baghdad –Iraq.
Published: August 2021

Subject: At the end of December 2019, a COVID-19 outbreak was reported for the first time in Wuhan, China. Which quickly expanded throughout China, then to 209 nations across America, Europe, Australia, and Asia. More than 50,000 people have died and over one million individuals have been afflicted worldwide, with the number fast rising. COVID-19 has been combated in various ways around the world. The gold standard for COVID-19 diagnosis is real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, RT-PCR) and viral gene sequencing. Currently, nasopharyngeal swabs from the upper respiratory tract are the most commonly employed nucleic acid detection samples. Objective of the Study: To estimate the level of ficolin in covid-19 patient in moderate and severe disease stage determination (series measurement and follow up) and find the diagnostic tool to early detect the virus to minimize the severity of the disease and further complication. Correlation of serum L-ficolin concentrations with Serum C-Reactive Protein, D-Dimer and Ferritin also to find Prognostic value of L-ficolin will be studied by corelating the treatment outcomes over one month with the three initial L-ficolin level. Materials and Methods: Sixty-two patients will be involved in the study from both sex male and female and different age group (18-80 yr.), the basal level of ficolin will be measure at time of admission of patient (time zero), then further serial measurement will be done on day 7 of admission for precise ficolin monitoring. Results: This study shows elevation of serum L-Ficolin level in survival and non-survival group. Conclusion: The results showed significant negative correlation between L-ficolin levels with the duration of illness (r = -0.377, p =0.020), however there were no significant correlation between L-ficolin levels with other patient‟s parameters.
Comparison of 21 Days Versus 10 Days Bladder Catheterization after Hypospadias Repair
Authors: Abdullah Muhammad , Saleem Muhammad , Mujtaba Zafar Ghulam , Mehmood Sattar Farrukh , Hashim Imran , Raza Wasti Arslan
Published: August 2021

Objectives: To compare 21 days versus 10 days bladder catheterization after hypospadias repair. Methods: After approval from ethical committee, Randomised controlled trial performed, in which 196 male patients were enrolled in the study that was conducted at department of pediatric surgery, Children hospital, Lahore. All patients underwent Snodgrass procedure. Group-1 patients were considered for 10 days bladder catheterization for hypospadias repair and group-2 patients were catheterized for 21 days. Complications were documented on follow-up visits in group 1 at 1 week (17 days), 3 weeks (34 days), and 6 weeks (51 days) after catheter removal. In group 2 at 1 week (day 28th), 3 weeks (day 42nd), 6 weeks (day 63rd) after catheter removal. Results: The mean age in group-1 and group-2 was 7.25 ± 3.22 years and 6.29±3.02 years. There were significantly less cases of urethrocutaneous fistula in group 2 when compared to group 1. Urethro-cutaneous fistulas (UCF) developed in 13(13.26%) ,11(11.22%) and 10 (10.2%) cases at 1, 3, and 6 weeks post catheter removal follow up in group 1. While in group 2 UCF developed in 4 (4.08%), 3(3.1%) and 2(2.04%) at 1, 3, and 6 weeks follow up. There were 5(5.2%) and 4(4.1%) cases of post-operative wound infection in groups 1 and 2 respectively (p-value = 0.500). Wound dehiscence was seen in 1 (1.02%) case in group 1 and was not seen in group 2(p value =0.500). glans dehiscence was not seen in group 1 while 1 (1.02%) case seen in group 2 (p value 0.500). Conclusion: We conclude that 21 days catheterization after hypospadias repair gives better outcome and fewer complications when compared to 10 days catheterization. Keywords: Bladder catheterization; Hypospadias repair; Fistula formation. How to cite: Abdullah M., Saleem M., Zafar M.G., Sattar M.F., Hasnain I, Wasti R.A. Comparison of 21 Days Versus 10 Days Bladder Catheterization for Hypospadias Repair. Esculapio 2021;17(02):187-190.
Comparison Between Paracetamol Vs Voltral Suppositories For Post Operative Pain In Gynaecological Procedure
Authors: Khan Zeeshan , Khaleeq Saadia , ur Rehman Abaid , Maan Aasam , Farooq Umer , Nadeem Amjad
Published: August 2021

Objective: To compare intravenous paracetamol vs Voltral (Diclofenac) suppositories for post operative pain in gynaecological procedures. Methods: This was a non randomized controlled trial that was carried out at Department of Anaesthesiology, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan during 01-07-2019 to 31-12-2019 in which all female cases with age range of 20 to 60 year undergoing any gynaecological surgery requiring general anaesthesia were included. The cases were divided into two equal groups and anesthesia was offered in standard doses. Just before reversal the cases in group Awere given intravenous paracetamol in a dose of 1 gm stat and then at 8-hour interval and those in group B were offered diclofenac suppositories in a dose of 50 mg twice a day, 12 hours apart. The pain was assessed at 4,8,12 and 24 hours and was labelled on visual analogue scale (VAS). Results: In this study there were 62 cases (31 in each group). The mean age in group A and B was 45.41±10.21 vs 48.12±11.13 years with p= 0.47. Mean duration of surgery in both groups was 57.51±15.23 vs53.11±14.79 minutes with p= 0.81. There was no significant difference in mean pain score at 4 and 8 hours with p= 0.91 and 0.81 respectively in group A and B. Mean pain score was 4.43±1.67 vs 3.21±1.09 with p= 0.01 at 12 and 4.57±1.71 vs 3.34±1.27 at 24 hours in group A and B with p values of 0.01 each. Mean time taken for rescue analgesia was 9.13±2.11 in group Aand 13.11±1.23 hours in group B with p= 0.001. Conclusion: Voltral (Diclofenac sodium) suppositories are better than paracetamol infusion in controlling pain after gynecological surgeries and this difference is significantly better at 12 and 24 hours. Key words: Gynaecological surgery, Pain, Paracetamol, Voltral suppository How to cite: Khan Z., Khaleeq S., Rehman Ur A., Maan A., Farooq U. Nadeem A. Comparison Between Paracetamol Vs Voltral Suppositories for Post-Operative Pain in Gynaecological Procedures. Esculapio 2021;17(02):191-194.
Probe investigating of laser plasma when intensity of radiation
on the target near 109 W/cm2
Authors: Davydov Sergei , Dolgov Alexander , Katorov Alekcey , Revazov Vladislav , Yakubov Rustam
Published: August 2021

The appearance of third charged particles groups has been fixed when the laser radiation interacted with metal target in rarefied environ gas. The intensity of opti-cal range laser radiation was ~109 W/cm2. The opportunity of using Langmuir probe for diagnosing plasma processes with nanosecond resolution has been demonstrated. The results of electron temperature measurements have agreed with results of estimate model calculations for the two fasted groups of particles in the absorbtion area (for experimental conditionals).
An Investigation of baffle angles on Shell and Tube heat exchanger
Authors: L Ragunath , C Mohanraj , S Suriya kumar , S Sasi Kumar , C Balamurugan
Published: August 2021

The turn of events and execution enhancement of shell and tube heat exchanger is an issue of incredible test and part of arising early innovation. The exhibition enhancement would serve an extraordinary commitment to assuage the swelled working expenses just as energy emergency. This paper grandstands every one of the experimental outcomes got from the constant framework investigation in different working conditions. Further it addresses examination for a few shell-and-tube heat exchangers with segmental confounds with various point parametric variety. The framework distinguishing proof has been done utilizing CFD investigation. The consolidated outcomes as for same shell-side stream rate show that, the heat move co-proficient of the heat exchanger with astounds is higher than that of the heat exchanger without perplexes, while the shell-side pressing factor drop of the previous is even a lot of lower than that of the last mentioned. Further upgrade methods ought to be consolidated to improve shell-side heat move dependent on a similar stream rate. The near investigation of heat move coefficient per unit pressure drop shows that the Segmental Baffle Heat exchanger have critical execution advantage over Segmental Baffle Heat exchanger for similar mathematical arrangements.
Teachers’ Beliefs about the Impact of Students’ Peer Correction at Post-Writing Stage on Letter Writing
Authors: Nguyen Toan Bao , Nguyen Huan Buu
Published: August 2021

This paper reports a descriptive study to examine English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers beliefs about the impact of students’ peer correction at the post-writing stage (PWS) on students’ writing performance in letter writing. This paper draws on data collected as part of a larger project including questionnaire and semi-interviews. The findings reveal that teachers held positive beliefs about the impact of students’ peer correction on students’ letter writing performance. Implications for practical applications of students’ peer correction are also presented.
The Role of Intellectual Capital, Organizational Learning and Digital Transformation on the Performance of SMEs in Denpasar, Bali-Indonesia
Authors: Ganawati Nengah , Soraya Dewi , Yogiarta I Made
Published: August 2021

This research is motivated by the idea that intellectual capital, organizational learning, and digital transformation are needed by medium-sized businesses to improve performance to maintain business sustainability during the covid-19 pandemic. The main purpose of this study is to determine the direct influence of intellectual capital and the indirect effect of organizational learning and the effect of digital transformation as a moderating variable on business performance. The sample of this study used 174 medium-sized business managers in Denpasar City, Bali-Indonesia. The results of the study found that digital transformation was able to strengthen the relationship between the influence of intellectual capital and organizational learning on the performance of medium-sized enterprises.
A LIMNOLOGICAL STUDY OF PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY IN SEASONAL VARIATIONS OF A TYPICAL TROPICAL POND OF BUNDELKHAND REGION, INDIA
Authors: Sharma Sonam , Yadav V.K.
Published: August 2021

The primary productivity of the Mahil pond has been estimated from March 2017 to February 2018 at four different stations. Various physicochemical parameters and phytoplankton were studied. The seasonal variation of primary productivity revealed that maximum and minimum values of Gross primary productivity and community respiration were associated with rainy and summer seasons respectively. The minimum values of Net primary productivity were recorded during rainy season and maximum during winterfor different study stations.
CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL CAN DESTROY THE OUTBREAK OF COVID-19 VIRUS IN INDIA: A MYTH
Authors: . Neha , Kumar Praveen
Published: August 2021

A myth is spreading in all over India that alcohol can outbreak the COVID-19 but scientifically it does not give any kind of defense from corona virus disease. It does not reduce the possibility of infection and the expansion of severity of ill health associated to novel corona virus. Several peoples are familiar that extreme consumption of alcohol could injurious to the liver as well as other vital organs of the body, therefore system of body is susceptible to the harmful effect of drinking alcohol on the immunity and people who consume to excess amount of alcohol could increase the risk of infectious disease might have a lot complication can occur as well as often get recover from ill health is to longer as compared with low levels habitual drinkers of alcohol. In fact, interruption in function of immune system additionally contributes to the damaged organs which related with consumption of alcohol.
EFFECT OF MICRONUTRIENTS AND PGR ON FRUIT QUALITY AND ECONOMICS OF TOMATO (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.) VARIETY AZAD-T6
Authors: Singh Vipul Pratap , Singh D. P. , Lal Bankey , Yadav Mahendra Kumar , Yadav Mahendra Kumar , Kumar Satyendra
Published: August 2021

The present investigation was carried out during the rabi season 2018-19 and 2019-20 at Department of Vegetable Science Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology Kanpur U.P (208024) India. Experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with eleven treatments in replicated three times consist of two levels of each micronutrients and growth regulators with control i.e. T0 : Control, T1 : GA3 50ppm, T2 : GA3 100ppm, T3 : NAA 50ppm, T4 : NAA 100ppm, T5 : ZnSO4 0.5%, T6 : ZnSO4 1%, T7 : Boric acid 50ppm, T8 : Boric acid 100ppm, T9 : FeSO4 100ppm and T10: FeSO4 150ppm. Results revealed that there were significant differences between themicronutrients and PGR in tomato fruit quality. From the result it was observed that concentration of GA3 100ppm showed significant effect of fruit quality in tomato Azad-T6
Implementasi Algoritma Iterative Dichotomiser 3 (ID3) Untuk Penentuan Jumlah Dana Bantuan Perbaikan Rumah Di Bappeda
Authors: Kapri Tomi , Nasir Muhammad , Agustini Eka Puji
Published: August 2021

Rumah merupakan tempat tinggal yang nyaman baik secara individu maupun keluarga. Namun tentu ada kriteria penilaian yang perlu dilihat dan dipertimbangkan sebagai bentuk penilaian sebagai yang layak huni. Bagi masyarakat miskin, untuk memenuhi kriteria layak huni sangatlah tidak mudah dan menjadi masalah yang perlu diperhatikan. Oleh karena itu, untuk memperkecil kemungkinan agar tidak terjadinya kesalahan dalam untuk penentuan jumlah dana bantuan perbaikan rumah dilakukan pendekatan dengan metode Algoritma Iterative Dichotomiser 3 (ID3). Dalam penelitian ini akan digunakan Algoritma Iterative Dichotomiser 3 (ID3) dalam menentukan data yang menerima dan tidak menerima bantuan dengan kriteria jumlah keluarga, dinding, lantai, tingkat kerusakan dan pekerjaan. Pengembangan sistem menggunakan metode Rational Unified Process (RUP). Perangkat ini dibuat dengan menggukan Bahasa Pemrograman Java, NetBeans 8.2. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa perangkat lunak yang mampu membantu menghasilkan keputusan secara otomatis.
Analisis Kepuasan Pengguna Terhadap Penggunaan Aplikasi Transportasi Online Dengan Metode Unified Theory Of Acceptance And Use Of Technology
Authors: Esmemed Geri , Testiana Gusmelia , Nopriani Fathiyah
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the level of user satisfaction with the use of online transportationapplications in the Raden Fatah State Islamic University Palembang using the unified theoryof acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) method. This study uses all the variables in theUTAUT methods, including moderation. The data in this study were collected using aquestionnaire distributed to 298 respondents in the Raden Fatah State Islamic UniversityPalembang. Data analysis was performed using descriptive analysis, simple regression analysisand moderated regression analysis. The results of this study indicate the level of usersatisfaction with the use of online transportation applications in the Raden Fatah State IslamicUniversity Palembang is 77.69%. From this percentage, it can be concluded that the use ofonline transportation applications has been declared satisfied, especially within the RadenFatah State Islamic University of Palembang.
Analisis Resiko Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Data Umat Menggunakan ISO 31000 (Studi Kasus: Gereja Katolik Santo Paulus Miki Salatiga)
Authors: Junianti Diane , Fibriani Charitas
Published: August 2021

The People's Data Management Information System is an information system that manages people's data from the diocese, parish, regional, to environmental levels. This application is used to input data, update data, and delete data, the application of the Ummah Data Management Information System has risks that will hinder the application, such as unstable internet connections, the latest data and the readiness of human resources who operate the system. The purpose of the research is to minimize the possibility of risk, so ISO 31000 is used to determine the impact of risk, the level of risk, and the treatment of risk needed in a company or organization in conducting the analysis. It is hoped that the existence of ISO 31000 can overcome the risks that will occur now and in the future.
SMEs and Innovation in The European Context
Authors: HERTE Diana Anamaria , DIANU Dragos , CIUCOS Monica , BADULESCU Daniel , BADULESCU Alina
Published: August 2021

Innovation is a key driver in enhancing competitiveness of firms and fostering employment and job creation. This is the reason for the existence of a growing body of literature regarding how firms can improve their innovative practice and, more recently, how they can benefit from the advantages of digitisation. Moreover, many related statistical data is available for big companies, but the topic is relatively little addressed in the case of SMEs.
Gravitating towards Consumers’ Use of Contactless Payment: A COVID 19 Pandemic Perspective
Authors: PUTIT Lennora , AHMAD SUKI Amirah , Fariz ABDULLAH Mohamad , AHMAD Norsiah , SALLEH Nor Fazalina , ASMAWI Nini Hartini
Published: August 2021

Over the years, past research has revealed that human nature is continuously evolving. Inevitably, this evolution is further extended to individuals’ adoption towards a new set of consumption behaviour. In the current global coronavirus pandemic (termed COVID 19), consumers are further contemplating on alternative forms of payment in pursuit of a safer method to purchase goods and services.
Système solaire et systèmes planétaires
Authors: LEQUEUX James
Published: August 2021

Dans cette étude, on considère la position du Système solaire dans son environnement, la Galaxie. On décrit la matière interstellaire, les disques protoplanétaires et les mécanismes de la formation stellaire, puis la formation des planétésimaux et des planétoïdes au sein des disques protoplanétaires. Enfin, on présente l’exploration des exoplanètes (méthodes de détection, résultats statistiques, étude de l’atmosphère des exoplanètes) pour conclure sur la recherche d’exoplanètes habitables.