bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mensuração da mobilidade socio-ocupacional no Brasil
Authors: Hoffmann Rodolfo , Oliveira Camilla de
Published: January 2025

A mobilidade social pode ser avaliada por meio de diversas medidas, e não há consenso sobre qual é a mais apropriada. Trabalhos desenvolvidos por economistas nas últimas décadas investigam a “Great Gatsby Curve”, uma relação entre a mobilidade e medidas de desigualdade da distribuição de renda. Este artigo mostra que existe uma Great Gatsby Curve para o Brasil, isto é, há uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre medidas de mobilidade social intergeracional e índices de desigualdade da distribuição da renda nas 27 Unidades da Federação. São usados os microdados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD) de 2014 e verifica-se que aquela relação existe para diferentes medidas de mobilidade social intergeracional e vários índices de desigualdade. A análise dessa relação contribui para esclarecer as diferenças conceituais entre as numerosas medidas de mobilidade social usadas. Apresenta-se, por fim, uma nova medida de persistência intergeracional: a informação mútua entre as distribuições de status entre pais e entre filhos.
A importância da política social no futuro da América Latina
Authors: Wolf Paulo José Whitaker
Published: January 2025

Resenha crítica da obra "El futuro de la protección social ante la crisis social prolongada en América Latina: Claves para avanzar hacia sistemas universales, integrales, sostenibles y resilientes", coletânea de estudos organizada por Claudia Robles e Raúl Holz, publicada pela CEPAL em 2023. O documento é uma referência obrigatória para o estudo da política social na América Latina. Seu mérito não está apenas em apresentar uma análise rica fundamentada em uma visão não convencional sobre o funcionamento do capitalismo e o papel do Estado, mas também porque as suas lacunas suscitam reflexões sobre o futuro de uma região rica também em contrastes e contradições.
Design of Physics Teaching Aids on Arduino Uno-based parallel Series Circuits
Authors: Sabila Siska Rima , Kaneishia Sabrina , Amanda Silvia Aprilia , Rizki Putri Annisa , Zulfa Indana , Harijanto Alex , Maryani Maryani
Published: January 2025

This study aims to develop Arduino-based parallel series circuit teaching aids to facilitate students in understanding the concepts of Ohm's Law. The method used in this research is to use research and development procedures (Research and Development) with Nieveen's description. The design of teaching aids in this study uses the help of Arduino Uno R3 so that measurements can be made automatically. The props designed by researchers use a 30 ampere acs712 current sensor. Based on the results of the data obtained, the relationship between the voltage and the current produced is directly proportional. This is evidenced when the series circuit given a voltage of 6 volts produces a current of 1.82 A when given a voltage of 7.6 volts produces a current of 2.08 A, and when given a voltage of 9.25 volts produces a current of 2.34 A. Likewise, in parallel circuits, the relationship between voltage and current is also directly proportional. When the voltage given is 6 volts, it produces a current of 1.04 A, when the voltage is 7.6 volts, it produces a current of 1.30 A, when the voltage is 9.25 volts, it produces a current of 1.56 A. Based on these data, it can be interpreted that the greater the voltage given, the greater the current that will be generated. Thus, the research and development of Arduino-based parallel series circuit teaching aids is by the existing literature. This Arduino-based parallel series circuit trainer can be said to have a relatively good level of measurement accuracy. that the props that have been made can work well in series circuits and parallel circuits. The parallel series circuit is arranged using an Arduino uno R3 microcontroller and uses a 30-ampere acs 712 current sensor. The level of measurement accuracy produced is relatively good at around 88%. according to experts, the percentage of similarity of 80%-90% can be said to be good. Thus, this Arduino-based series parallel circuit trainer can be said to have a relatively good level of measurement accuracy.
Analysis of the Achievement of Minimum Service Standards for Mental Health Services in Surabaya
Authors: Restuningati Ririn , Hargono Arief , Qurniyawati Eny , Christanto Daniel
Published: January 2025

Background: Indonesia is facing a mental health crisis, with 1 in 10 people experiencing mental disorders. Among the 282,654 households with individuals suffering from severe mental disorders, only 0.6% are receiving treatment, and just 0.5% are regularly taking medication. In Surabaya, 0.19% of the population is identified as People with Mental Disorders (PMD). Objective: This study aims to evaluate the achievement of the Minimum Service Standards (MSS) Policy for Mental Health on PMD in Surabaya in 2023. Methods: This research utilized a cross-sectional design and descriptive analysis to analyze data. Secondary data was gathered from a cohort of PMD services within the Surabaya Health Service Working Area in 2023, involving a total sample of 5,766 PMD individuals. Results: In 2023, the MSS for People with Mental Disorders achieved 100.3%, surpassing previous years and meeting the target of 100%. However, that achievement was not consistent across all health centers in Surabaya. About 48% of community health centres did not meet the MSS target. This shortfall is attributed to the presence of specialized social institutions for mental health cases and the absence of mental health post activities in certain areas. Conclusion: The implementation of the Mental Health MSS for PMD in Surabaya in 2023 met the Ministry of Health's target, achieving 103.33%. The trend from 2020 to 2023 shows a continuous increase in MSS implementation, though the distribution of achievements is uneven across community health centers. Out of 63 health centers, 30 (48%) have not yet reached the 2023 MSS.
School-Based Mindfulness Enhances Psychological Well-Being in Adolescents after Parental Divorce: A Systematic Review
Authors: Slametiningsih  , Achir Yani S Hamid  , Imami Nur Rachmah  , Mustikasari  , Raden Irawati Ismail
Published: January 2025

Background: Adolescents experience various psychosocial challenges, including low self-esteem, depression, substance abuse, and risky behaviors, which adversely affect their psychological well-being. School-based mindfulness interventions have emerged as effective strategies for promoting positive mental health among adolescents. Objective: This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of school-based mindfulness programs in enhancing psychological well-being in adolescents after parental divorce. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, the review analyzed studies identified from nine major databases—Cochrane, Clinical Key, BMC, Medrix, ProQuest, PubMed, Wiley, ScienceDirect, and Taylor & Francis—between February and May 2024. Included studies consisted of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies focusing on school-based interventions targeting adolescent mental health. The JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist was employed to assess the risk of bias. Results: Out of 757 screened articles, 10 studies involving 27,680 participants from countries including Belgium, Spain, Italy, and Poland were selected. Findings suggest that school-based mindfulness interventions significantly improve psychological well-being and reduce mental health symptoms. Conclusion: Mindfulness-based interventions, when integrated into school environments with consistent support from families and educators, effectively promote psychological well-being among adolescents and reduce mental health risks.
The Effectiveness of Audiovisual Media and Snakes and Ladders Games on Increasing Knowledge and Skills of Brushing Teeth in Early Childhood Jambi City
Authors: Willia Novita Eka Rini  , Adelina Fitri  , Vinna Rahayu Ningsih
Published: January 2025

Background: Dental health is the most important part of general oral health, especially during a child's growth and development. Children with dental caries experience loss of chewing ability and problems with digestion, resulting in disruption of growth and development. Dental caries in children is still a fairly high prevalence problem in Indonesia. Aims: This research aimed to see the effect of audiovisual media to Increasing Knowledge and Skills of Brushing Teeth in Early Childhood. Methods: This study used a pretest-posttest control group design. The subjects of this study were PAUD students in Jambi City with a 1:1 ratio of respondents, where the experimental group was 40 students and the control group was 40 students. Primary data can be collected through various methods, such as surveys, interviews, direct observation, or scientific experiments. Data analysis employed the paired t-test. Results: The measurable test shows a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05. It indicates that the understanding of the students in the intervention group and the control group differs significantly. The analysis's findings indicate a significant difference between the students' skills in the intervention group and the control group, with a p-value of 0.000 <0.05. Conclusion: Audiovisual media and snake and ladders games are effective in increasing knowledge and skill of brushing teeth in early childhood.
Exploration of Anime “A Silent Voice” as a Media for Mental Health Education: Thematic Analysis of Audience Reactions on YouTube
Authors: Kurnia Galuh Mega , Hermawan Nuri , Muthmainnah Muthmainnah , Qomaruddin Mochammad Bagus
Published: January 2025

Background: A Silent Voice tells the story of Shoya Ishida, a teenager involved in bullying Shoko Nishimiya, a hearing-impaired girl. The anime touches on deep themes such as bullying, guilt, self-acceptance, and healing, making it a valuable medium for mental health discussion and education. Objectives: To explore the anime A Silent Voice as a medium for mental health education. Methods: This study used social media reactions with a thematic analysis approach. The research began with a YouTube search for videos discussing the anime, resulting in four videos with the highest views and comments. Audience comments from June to August 2024 were extracted and selected, then analyzed to identify common themes related to anime and mental health. Results: Discussion comments related to the anime A Silent Voice had 237 identified conversations discussing anime and mental health. The major topics discussed in the discussion are bullying; self-acceptance; suicide; the impact of watching anime; opinions and lessons learned from anime; and opinions on characters in anime. The conversations highlighted the profound impact on viewers, especially those who have experienced depression, bullying, or isolation. Conclusions: The anime A Silent Voice is seen as a highly impactful and emotionally resonant movie that addresses themes of self-acceptance, empathy, and personal growth, which leaves a deep impression on its audience. This research is limited to discussions on YouTube comments. Further research must be conducted to determine the effectiveness of the anime A Silent Voice on viewer’s mental health.
Changes in Piano Waveforms from the Perspective of Physics and Deep Learning
Authors: Jekal Eunsung , Kim Younju , Park Hyoeun , Ku Juhyun
Published: January 2025

In this study, it was possible to visually check the difference in sound depending on the way the piano key is pressed through the spectrogram. When the keyboard is pressed hard, the high-frequency component is emphasized, and when pressed gently, the low-frequency component is prominent. In addition, it was confirmed that the pattern of the spectrogram varies depending on the playing techniques such as staccato and legato, or whether or not to use the pedal.
We tried to analyze whether the pianist's touch or expressive power could make a difference in the physical wave form, and on the contrary, the pianist was able to accurately infer the connection between the way he played and the sound through the spectrogram.
LLMSeamCarver: LLM-Enhanced Content-Aware Image Resizing
Authors: Liu Dong , Yu Yanxuan , Tan Lianghao , Wu Wenjun , Zhao Bide , Lu Bingjie
Published: January 2025

This paper introduces "LLMSeamCarver," a LLM-enhanced methodology for image resizing. LLMSeamCarver addresses the limitations of traditional seam carving with static pre-defined parameters, it uses LLM to achieve dynamic and user-controlled dynamically-resizing of images.The inclusion of LLMs in this research facilitates dynamic optimization of parameter tuning and adaptive energy function adjustments, enhancing overall robustness and efficiency of image resizing. LLMSeamCarver emerges as a transformative tool, offering versatile, high-quality resized images.
P450 in Liver Pathology
Authors: Chesca Antonella , Sandle Tim T.
Published: January 2025

Actually, liver pathologies pley a central role in medicine. So are differents studies in this research direction. In liver pathology, including liver cirrhosis, during illnes status, are implied three cytochrome P450 (P450 or CYP). In this direction play a role also gene families CYP 1, CYP2 and CYP3. Liver diseases are associated with metabolic activity changes. In cirrhosis diagnostic, more important are differents directions, including laboratory tests or management ideas, including historical key points.
A Qualitative Study on the Barriers and Enablers to Effective Hypertension Management in Ghana
Authors: Sambah Francis , McBain-Rigg Kristin , Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Emeto Theophilus I
Published: January 2025

Background: Hypertension remains a significant public health challenge in Ghana. Understanding the lived experiences of hypertensive patients can inform strategies to improve their management. This study explored the perceived enablers and barriers to hypertension management among patients in the Ashanti region, Ghana, using the Chronic Care Model as a framework. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 hypertensive patients receiving care at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. Inductive thematic analysis was employed to identify key themes and subthemes. Results: Several barriers to hypertension management emerged, including economic constraints, environmental and lifestyle factors, knowledge and awareness deficits, medication-related issues, and policy and provider-level barriers. Conversely, enablers such as patient empowerment, education, healthcare access, and policy, and provider support and relationships were identified. Conclusions: Effective hypertension management requires addressing a complex interplay of barriers and enablers. Interventions targeting economic factors, lifestyle modifications, knowledge dissemination, medication adherence, and systemic improvements are crucial. Additionally, empowering patients, enhancing education, improving healthcare access, and fostering strong provider-patient relationships can significantly contribute to better outcomes. Future research should investigate the impact of a multi-level intervention on hypertension management in Ghana.
Multipath-Assisted UWB Vehicle Localization in Underground Parking Environment Using Ray-Tracing
Authors: Hu Shuo , Guo Lixin , Liu Zhongyu , Gao Shuaishuai
Published: January 2025

In complex underground parking scenarios, non-line-of-sight (NLOS) obstructions significantly impede positioning signals, presenting substantial challenges for accurate vehicle localization. While traditional positioning approaches primarily focus on mitigating NLOS effects to enhance accuracy, this research adopts an alternative perspective by leveraging NLOS propagation as valuable information, enabling precise positioning in NLOS-dominated environments. We introduce an innovative NLOS positioning framework based on the generalized source (GS) technique, which employs ray-tracing (RT) to transform NLOS paths into equivalent line-of-sight (LOS) paths. A novel GS filtering and weighting strategy to establish initial weights for the nonlinear equation system. To combat significant NLOS noise interference, a robust iterative reweighted least squares (W-IRLS) method synergizes initial weights with optimal position estimation. Integrating ultra-wideband (UWB) delay and angular measurements, four distinct localization modes based on W-IRLS are developed: angle-of-arrival (AOA), time-of-arrival (TOA), AOA/TOA hybrid, and AOA/time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) hybrid. Comprehensive experimental and simulation results validate the exceptional effectiveness and robustness of the proposed NLOS positioning framework, demonstrating positioning accuracy up to 0.14 meters in specific scenarios. This research not only advances the state-of-the-art in NLOS positioning but also establishes a robust foundation for high-precision localization in challenging environments.
The Mechanisms of Lithium Action: The Old and New Findings
Authors: Sakrajda Kosma , Rybakowski Janusz K.
Published: January 2025

Despite lithium's presence in modern psychiatry for three quarters of a century, the mechanisms of its therapeutic action have not been fully elucidated. In the article, the evolution of the views on these mechanisms is presented, and both the old and new findings are discussed. Among the old mechanisms, lithium effect on the purinergic system, electrolyte metabolism and membrane transport, second messenger systems: cyclic nucleotide and phosphatidylinositol (PI), glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3β), brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and neurotransmitters, are discussed. The new data have been obtained from in vitro studies, molecular biology and genetic researches. They also showed the effect of lithium on the immune system, biological rhythms, and telomere functions. In the article, each lithium mechanism is considered in the light of its association with the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder or/and as a marker of lithium response. This review, although not complete, shows that the possible mechanisms of lithium action are multifold. It turned out that many apparent “old” mechanisms had their revival in research performed in the 21st century. Additionally, many studies eventually converged on the mechanisms postulated in the 1980s/1990s of inhibitiing GSK-3β and PI by lithium.
Control Structure Selection Based on Linear Quadratic Regulator
Authors: Cortez Cristhian , Carlos Pinto José
Published: January 2025

The control structure definition is the most primordial aspect of control process; however, it still constitutes an academic and industrial challenge. Several techniques are used in academic and design problems, but in most of methodologies static process models are used, instead of dynamic models. In this work a new control structure methodology based on linear dynamic models and linear quadratic controllers is presented.
Neutrophil-to-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
Authors: Sotoudeheian Mohammadjavad
Published: January 2025

The Neutrophil-to-HDL Cholesterol Ratio (NHR) has gained attention as a novel biomarker in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), reflecting the interplay between inflammation and lipid metabolism. Elevated NHR could be associated with hepatic inflammation, steatosis, and fibrosis, offering significant diagnostic and prognostic value. Future research should focus on mechanistic insights, integration with other biomarkers, and interventional studies to evaluate NHR-guided therapies. With further validation, NHR has the potential to enhance personalized management of MASLD, improving patient outcomes. Its clinical relevance lies in its ability to provide a comprehensive, accessible, and cost-effective assessment of disease activity.
Changes in Salivary Protein Profile Induced by Weight Loss Due to Physical Activity and Energy Restriction
Authors: Simões Carla , Rodrigues Lénia , Cordeiro Carlos , Raimundo Armando , Capela e Silva Fernando , Antunes Celia Miguel , Costa Ana Rodrigues , Lamy Elsa
Published: January 2025

Background: Changes in salivary proteome in obese patients, in response to weight loss, was previously observed after bariatric surgery. Additionally, saliva responses to exercise and/or dietary treatments have been reported. The present study aimed to assess the changes in salivary proteome induced by weight loss due to negative energy balance. Methods: The participants were a group of individuals (5 men and 5 women) from a reality TV-show that were submitted to intense exercise and energy restriction, for weight loss, for 8 weeks. Saliva was collected at the beginning and at the end of the program. Two-dimensional electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry was used to identify changes in salivary protein profile. Results: Most of the protein spots changed after weight loss were identified as containing proteins like amylase, carbonic anhydrase VI (CA VI) and cystatins. For salivary amylase spots, increases after weight loss were observed, whereas the levels of cystatin spots decreased. CA VI increased with weight loss, with this increase being positively correlated with the percentage of weight lost (in men). Conclusions: Some of the effects of weight loss induced by energy restriction combined with intense exercise is different from the ones previously observed in studies where weight was lost due to bariatric surgery, suggesting that different treatments may result in different nervous and metabolic processes that can be reflected in saliva proteome.
Precision in Motion: An Approach to Indoor Localization and Navigation for Complex Spaces
Authors: Arnob Shadman Sakib , AlQahtani Ali Abdullah S. , Alshayeb Thamraa , Alamleh And Hosam
Published: January 2025

The demand for effective indoor positioning and navigation systems has surged in response to the increasing reliance on accurate location services within environments where traditional GPS is ineffective. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of indoor localization technologies, highlighting their applications across various industries. Despite significant advancements, challenges such as signal interference and dynamic obstacles persist, hindering the accuracy and efficiency of existing systems. To address these issues, we propose an algorithm that integrates advanced indoor mapping techniques with an iterative A* pathfinding approach. Our Algorithm utilizes Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) values to ascertain user location through trilateration, while a user-friendly graphical interface allows for intuitive barrier placement and dynamic checkpoint selection. This framework not only improves navigation accuracy in complex indoor environments but also enhances operational efficiency by facilitating optimal pathfinding. Through empirical validation, our approach demonstrates a significant reduction in search times and an increase in productivity, underscoring its potential to transform indoor navigation practices. The findings contribute to the ongoing discourse on indoor positioning technologies, offering a robust solution to the challenges faced in navigating intricate indoor spaces.
Leveraging Machine Learning and AI to Combat Modern Cyber Threats
Authors: Bin Mohd Riza Arman Zeidan , Jennsen Lee , Anggani Priscelia , Rafeen Arifin Islam , Jacqueline Ruth Payet Nathaniella , Sookun Dhaavita , Sookun Vashist , Binti M Yusri Nur Aliyah Zafirah , Sern Lai Jhoon , Luximon Lisa , Omer Mohamed Lulwa , Sindiramutty Siva Raja
Published: January 2025

The modern world of technology focuses on the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionary and can be considered the powerhouse for the recent advancements seen in the world of technology. The recent rise of sophisticated technological threats is also advancing since Artificial Intelligence (AI) resources can be manipulated for exploited and unethical use which concerns security in terms of both, cyberspace, and physical environments. The key factor here is to discuss the optimisation for the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Cybersecurity. Artificial intelligence (AI) provides a disruptive approach by increasing the efficiency, accuracy, and adaptability of security systems. This abstract examines the integration of AI-based security protocols to combat growing threats. AI systems, such as machine learning and deep learning, can examine large volumes of data in real-time, detecting patterns and abnormalities that humans may overlook. By automating threat detection, AI can respond to situations more quickly and precisely, lowering the likelihood of breaches and cutting response time. Furthermore, AI-driven systems can self-learn, enhancing their threat detection skills as new data and attack vectors emerge. This versatility makes AI a great tool for tackling both known and undiscovered dangers, including cyber-attacks such as phishing, malware, and ransomware. This report focuses on the use of Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity. It acknowledges the capability and countermeasures for more advanced Cybersecurity threats and how it differs from the traditional method. Not only does it applaud the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Cybersecurity, but it also provides necessary drawbacks and constructive criticism about the literacy of its uses.
Feature of Nonlinear Electromagnetic Properties and Local Atomic Structure of Metals in two Systems of Nanocomposites Cox(MgF2)100-x and (CoFeZr)x(MgF2)100-x
Authors: Domashevskaya Evelina Pavlovna , Ivkov Sergey Alexandrovich , Ganshina Elena Alexandrovna , Vlasenko Valeriy Grigoryevich , Sitnikov Alexander Viktorovich , Vlasenko Valeriy Grigoryevich
Published: January 2025

The article presents a comparative analysis of the results of complex studies of two nanocomposite systems: metal-dielectric Cox(MgF2)100-x and alloy-dielectric (CoFeZr)x(MgF2)100-x, obtained by ion-beam sputtering of composite targets in a wide range of compositions.
Section 3 of this paper provides a mini-review of the investigations results about the features of the influence of the atomic composition and structural-phase state in the two systems on their nonlinear electroresistive, magnetoresistive, magneto-optical properties, published by us separately in each of the two systems in 2019-2023.
In the metal-dielectric system Cox(MgF2)100−x, the formation of the hexagonal Co nanocrystals coincides with the achievement of the electric and magnetic percolation thresholds at xper=37 at.% and is accompanied by a transition from the superparamagnetic to the ferromagnetic state, which, with an increase of the metal content (>42 at.%), acquires a hard magnetic character with a coercive force of up to 95 Oe.
In the alloy-dielectric system (CoFeZr)x(MgF2)100−x, the formation of the hexagonal CoFeZr nanocrystals coincides with the values of the electric and magnetic percolation thresholds at xper=34 at.%. Below this value, the nanocomposites exhibit superparamagnetic properties, and at high values of x > 34 at.%, they become soft magnets and remain so far beyond the percolation threshold and after the phase transition of nanocrystals from the hexagonal hcp to the cubical bcc structure at x = 43 at.%, with a maximum value of the coercive force Hc ≤30 Oe. One of the reasons for the significant decrease in Hc compared to the first system may be the formation of the paramagnetic phase FeF2 at the interphase boundaries of CoFeZr nanocrystals with the dielectric matrix MgF2, detected by the Mössbauer spectroscopy.
Further in Section 4 for the first time, the concentration dependences of the oscillating fine structure of XANES K-absorption edges of Co atoms in the first system and Co and Fe atoms in the second system are presented, which undergoes changes at the percolation thresholds in each of the two systems and thus confirms the nonlinear nature of the electromagnetic properties changes in each of the two systems at the atomic level.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae—Susceptibility Trends and Basic Molecular Mapping of the Isolates Collected in Israel During 2016–2022
Authors: Dveyrin Zeev , Alon Tal , Makhon Andrey , Nissan Israel , Mor Zohar , Rorman Efrat
Published: January 2025

Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) is the second most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection worldwide with antimicrobial resistance for expanded-spectrum drugs.
NG antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns and sequence types (ST) were analyzed in Israel for the first time between 2016 and 2022. The study examined 1,205 NG isolates collected by the Israeli National NG Reference Center from various healthcare organizations. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed for seven antibiotics, and molecular characterization was conducted using NG Multi-Antigen Sequence Typing (NG-MAST) on selected isolates. Key findings include:
High resistance rates were observed for ciprofloxacin (54.4%), azithromycin, tetracycline, and benzylpenicillin.
All isolates remained susceptible to ceftriaxone and spectinomycin.
8.6% of isolates were classified as multi-drug resistant (MDR) and 3% as extensively drug resistant (XDR).
72 different NG-MAST sequence types were identified, with ST292, ST4269, and ST5441 being the most common.
Some sequence types showed associations with MDR and XDR phenotypes.
This study provides valuable insights into NG AMR trends and genetic diversity in Israel, highlighting the importance of ongoing surveillance for guiding treatment strategies and public health interventions
Impact of On-Farm Demonstrations on Technology Adoption, Yield and Profitability among Small Farmers of Wheat in Pakistan – An Experimental Study
Authors: Hussain Nadia , Maharjan Keshav Lall
Published: January 2025

Do the intensive demonstrations result in consistent technology adoption and yield enhancement? While extension methods show significant immediate effects of an intervention, their impact may fade over time. In a government-led natural experiment in Pakistan, a long-lasting adoption of certified seeds, fertilizers and pesticides/herbicides in post-treatment years were observed by employing difference-indifferences with fixed effect method on a panel data. The intervention increased the technology adoption in terms of certified seeds by 34%, fertilizers by 15 kg/ha, and pesticides/herbicides by 0.22 l/ha among adopters for four years. Similarly, the wheat yield increased by 0.41 tons per hectare and profit by 12% among the treatment group compared to the control group. In view of these findings, the study suggests continuing this supervised method of extension to other crops in Pakistan.
The Role of Cryptography and AI in Enhancing Blockchain Security
Authors: Mohana Dass Sivamuganthan A/L , Mahalingam Sai Rama , Hang Phung Li , Kelvin Kelvin , Wingsky Jerry , Mohamed Afifi Mohamed Abdelrahman Mahmoud , Rebecca Almero Jozelle , Bin Aili Hatmal Nur Iman Yusuf , Ali Aishath Raulo , Tjahyosedjati Ertsberg , Wei Tan , Sindiramutty Siva Raja
Published: January 2025

Blockchain technology has emerged as a very revolutionary tool facilitating secure and transparent digital interactions which is driven by its decentralised structure, cryptographic methods, and consensus protocols. There are a lot of substantial advantages such as improved confidentiality, integrity, and availability of blockchain security. But it also comes with a few drawbacks such as scalability issues, vulnerabilities system and system failures. This study examines the current trend of blockchain technology, its strengths and limitations, and its potential and proposes strategic improvements to enhance its resilience and scalability. The proposed advancement encompasses the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) for real-time threat detection, the adoption of sophisticated cryptographic techniques like Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) and quantum-resistant algorithms, as well as the implementation of adaptive consensus mechanisms aimed at optimising resource utilisation. These enhancements are pivotal for overcoming most of the drawbacks in blockchain security and discovering its complete potential. Through ongoing interdisciplinary exploration and innovation, blockchain has a very high potential to revolutionise all industries by providing strong security, enhancing operational efficiency, and ensuring scalability, thus creating secure, reliable, and decentralised digital ecosystems.
Establishing a Medical Emergency Response Team: Moving the Fronts Forward
Authors: Torou Kameda , Kyōzai Niwa
Published: January 2025

The Medical Emergency Response Team (MERT) is a specialized first aid team concept designed to respond to sudden-onset and natural disasters. The team consists of a specialized group of doctors and nurses, supported by regular training and specialized equipment, who can respond quickly to the scene of a disaster and provide first aid and initial treatment to the injured in collaboration with other departments. How to perform MERT work is a topic that requires multidisciplinary support and multi-departmental collaboration, which requires in-depth exploration and continuous experimentation. We believe that MERT can realize forward movement of the disaster emergency front, provide valuable buffer time and information support for hospital emergency work, and provide new ideas and solutions for disaster medicine.
Advancements in Solid Dispersions for Enhancing Drug Solubility and Bioavailability: Insights on Anticancer and Herbal Medicines
Authors: Alwossabi Ameen , Al-Ghani Ahmed M , Alnamer Rashad , Osman Wadah , Abdelrahman Mohammed
Published: January 2025

The enhancement of drug solubility and bioavailability is a significant challenge in pharmaceutical sciences. Solid dispersions have emerged as a promising strategy to address this issue. This research provides a comprehensive review of the advancements in solid dispersion technologies, focusing on the classification and characteristics of different generations of solid dispersions. The study highlights the evolution from first-generation solid dispersions, utilizing crystalline carriers, to fourth-generation systems that incorporate water-insoluble polymers and surfactants to improve drug release and bioavailability. The efficacy of various carriers and techniques, such as hot melt extrusion and solvent evaporation, are critically analyzed. Additionally, the impact of these advancements on poorly soluble anticancer drugs and herbal medicines is discussed, providing insights into future research directions and potential therapeutic applications.
Exploring the Genetic Networks of Hlb Tolerance in Citrus: Insights Across Species and Tissues
Authors: Machado Rodrigo , Moschen Sebastián , Conti Gabriela , González Sergio , Rivarola Máximo , Gómez Claudio , Hopp Esteban , Fernández Paula
Published: January 2025

Huanglongbing (HLB), caused mainly by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), is a devastating disease which threatens citrus production worldwide, manifesting as leaf greening, fruit deformation and yield losses. This study generated a comprehensive co-expression network analysis using RNA-seq data from 17 public datasets and ap-plied Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) to identify gene modules associated with citrus species, tissue types and days post infection (DPI).
Key modules were identified among different conditions. We found a significant gene enrichment involved in stress responses, metabolic processes, ribosomal protein syn-thesis; chloroplast and plastid functions; cellular structure; intracellular organization, and stress responses. These findings provide a molecular framework for understanding HLB pathogenesis and host tolerance.
By elucidating module-specific functions and their correlation with species- and tis-sue-specific responses, this study provides a robust foundation for identifying key ge-netic targets. These insights facilitate breeding programs focused on developing HLB-tolerant citrus cultivars, contributing to the long-term sustainability and resili-ence of global citrus production.
Visual Localization Method for Fastener-Nut Disassembly And Assembly Robot Based on Improved Canny and HOG-SED
Authors: Cao Xiangang , Zuo Mengzhen , Chen Guoyin , Wu Xudong , Wang Peng , Liu Yizhe
Published: January 2025

Visual positioning accuracy is crucial for ensuring the successful execution of nut disassembly and assembly tasks by a fastener-nut disassembly and assembly robot. However, disturbances such as on-site lighting changes, abnormal surface conditions of nuts, and complex backgrounds formed by ballast in complex railway environments can lead to poor visual positioning accuracy of the fastener nuts, thereby affecting the success rate of the robot's continuous disassembly and assembly operations. Additionally, the existing method of detecting fasteners first and then positioning nuts has poor applicability in the field. A direct positioning algorithm for spiral rail spikes that combines an improved Canny algorithm with shape feature similarity determination is proposed in response to these issues. Firstly, CLAHE enhances the image, reducing the impact of varying lighting conditions in outdoor work environments on image details. Then, to address the difficulties in extracting the edges of rail spikes caused by abnormal conditions such as water stains, rust, and oil stains on the nuts themselves, the Canny algorithm is improved through three stages: filtering optimization, gradient boosting, and adaptive thresholding, to reduce the impact of edge loss on subsequent rail spike positioning results. Finally, considering the issue of false fitting due to background interference, such as ballast in gradient Hough transformations, the differences in texture and shape features between the rail spike and interference areas are analyzed. The HOG is used to describe the shape features of the area to be screened, and the similarity between the screened area and the standard rail spike template features is compared based on the standard Euclidean distance to determine the rail spike area. Spiral rail spikes are discriminated based on shape features, and the center coordinates of the rail spike are obtained. Experiments were conducted using images collected from the field, and the results showed that the proposed algorithm, when faced with complex environments with multiple interferences, has a correct detection rate higher than 98% and a positioning error mean of 0.9mm. It exhibits excellent interference resistance and meets the visual positioning accuracy requirements for robot nut disassembly and assembly operations in actual working environments.
The Influence of Damping Grooves and Clearances on the Operating Parameters of a Double-Acting Vane Pump
Authors: Andjelković Maja , Žeželj Boris , Petrović Radovan , Mihajlović Slavica R. , Đorđević Nataša G. , Lozanović Jasmina
Published: January 2025

This work contributes to the development of advanced designs of double-acting vane pumps for applications requiring high efficiency and extended service life. A comprehensive analysis is carried out using theoretical modeling, numerical simulations, and experimental validation. This study investigates the mechanical, tribological, and fluid-dynamic behavior at this contact interface. The interaction at the contact point between the vane and the stator is a critical factor affecting the performance, efficiency, and durability of double-acting vane pumps. The research focuses on contact forces, wear characteristics, and lubricant film behavior and their impact on pump efficiency and operational stability. The findings provide insights into optimizing vane material properties, stator surface finish, and lubrication strategies to enhance pump reliability. This paper aims to provide a detailed investigation of the mechanical and fluid-dynamic interactions at the vane-stator contact in a double-acting vane pump. By integrating theoretical modeling, numerical simulations, and experimental validation, the study seeks to uncover the underlying mechanisms driving the contact behavior and their impact on pump performance.
Let’s All Dance and Play Mathematics Innovative Teaching of Mathematics
Authors: A Mageed Ismail
Published: January 2025

Influential topics in innovative teaching practice of mathematics are covered in this work, namely employing dancing and physical education (PE) as powerful and favourable dynamics to lead innovative mathematics’ teaching. So, by default, the current work briges a unified approach to teach mathemtatics via two interdisciplaries, namely, dancing and physical education. Funadmentally, this paper includes a variety of resources appropriate for scholars, researchers, and students studying mathematics. On another strong note, a plethora of influential open problems are introduced to provide food for thought to the research community to steer ahead a new era of contemporary teaching of mathematics.
Exploring the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing the Efficiency of Knowledge Management Systems
Authors: Holloway Samuel
Published: January 2025

This study explores the intricate relationships between technological advancements, individual behaviors, policy frameworks, and social influences in driving sustainability practices. As the world faces the urgent challenges of climate change, resource depletion, and environmental degradation, understanding how various factors contribute to sustainable development is essential. The research investigates the role of technological innovations such as renewable energy, smart grids, and waste management in reducing environmental impacts. It also examines the barriers to the widespread adoption of these technologies, including high costs, unequal access, and environmental consequences such as e-waste. The study further delves into the behavioral factors that influence sustainability, with a focus on individual values, social norms, and awareness, and explores how these factors shape the adoption of sustainable practices. Additionally, the study evaluates the importance of policy and governance, highlighting the role of effective regulations, financial incentives, and multi-stakeholder collaboration in promoting sustainability. Finally, the research addresses the significance of education and public awareness in fostering a culture of sustainability and the need for a collective societal effort to address the challenges posed by sustainability. The findings suggest that while technological innovations have great potential, their success in promoting sustainability depends on addressing key challenges and fostering a cultural shift toward environmental responsibility. The study concludes by advocating for a holistic approach that integrates technological solutions, policy development, education, and social and cultural change to achieve long-term sustainability goals.
Assessing the Performance of Tilapia Farms in Egypt: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis Approach
Authors: Sebaq Mohamed , Mandour Mostafa
Published: January 2025

To address the need for sustainable aquaculture practices in Egypt, this study evaluates the technical efficiency of tilapia pond farming using Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) with cross-sectional data at the farm level. The objective is to estimate technical efficiency and identify factors influencing sustainable productivity. Data was collected from 317 tilapia farms in Kafr El-Sheikh governorate. The findings highlight opportunities to enhance the sustainability and productivity of tilapia farming, with an average technical efficiency of 0.80. Key determinants of efficiency include the number of species cultured and the age of farming facilities. The results indicate that farms managed by older farmers tend to operate more efficiently. However, older facilities, higher levels of farmer education, and greater species diversity are associated with lower efficiency. These insights provide valuable guidance for improving aquaculture sustainability through targeted interventions in farm management and infrastructure development.
A Study on Gross and Histopathological Lesions of Platyhelminthes in Liver from Slaughtered Camel at Some-Meat Company in Mogadishu Somalia
Authors: Barre Abdirahman , Mohamed Shafii Abdullahi , Hashi Hamza Abdirahman , Nageye Hoyden Ibrahim
Published: January 2025

Camel production is used for a variety of reasons in East Africa. Camels therefore play a significant role in Somali culture, society, and the economy. The Somali economy is largely dependent on livestock, and camels are a major source of income. Camels are shipped to the Middle East, as are their prized milk and meat. With an estimated seven million, Somalia is home to more camels than perhaps any other nation in the world. Investigations were carried out to look at some Platyhelminthes lesions in the liver of camels with the purpose of both Gross and histopathological lesions at some meat companies in Somalia. Studies were conducted from April 2024 to October 2024. A total sample of 340 Livers originated from slaughtered camels at some meat in Dynile District. However, out of 200 liver Organs were examined with gross and histological lesions for further tests in Salaam University Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, and University of Nairobi Department of Veterinary Pathology. Microbiology and Parasitology Nairobi Kenya. In this study, 84.5% (n=200) of the most cases of Platyhelminthes were Taenia saginata, Fasciola hepatic, and Liver flukes followed by Haemorrhages, Congestion, Oedema, and hydatidosis. The histological features included Tissue Infiltration, Lymphocytic infiltration, Granulomas, Necrosis, Fibrosis, and inflammation. Those results indicated major health problems with one health approach and Zoonotic aspects in humans and animals.
Macroprudential and Monetary Policies in South Africa, Complements or Substitutes?
Authors: Nyati Malibongwe , Msomi Simiso
Published: January 2025

The article reports on the complementarity and substitutability of Macroprudential and 7 Monetary policies in South Africa, based on the interactions of both Business and Financial cycles. 8 To this end, a Dynamic Conditional Correlations and the Asymmetric Dynamic Conditional 9 Correlations MGARCH models together with the Artificial Neural Network VAR model, both linear 10 and nonlinear causality specifications, and the Structural VAR model were adopted for 11 synchronization, causality analysis and the analysis of shocks to cycles, respectively. Empirical 12 evidence obtained is such that, under conditions of financial and real economic stress in South 13 Africa, there exists high synchronicity and bidirectional causality between CBCI and CFCI. Hence, 14 Macroprudential and Monetary policies become complements, there exists interdependence 15 between the two policies and actions of one policy contributes to the improvement of the other. 16 However, under normal times there exist no synchronicity and a unidirectional causality 17 relationship running from CBCI to CFCI, was observed. Under such conditions, Macroprudential 18 and Monetary policies become substitutes, therefore independent of each other, hence, only one 19 policy can achieve the desired outcome. Overall, a shock to one cycle is a major determinant of the 20 fluctuations of the other cycle.
How to Optimize Training Design? A Narrative Review of Load Modulators in Basketball Drills
Authors: Sosa Marin Carlos , Alonso-Pérez-Chao Enrique , Schelling Xavier , Lorenzo Alberto
Published: January 2025

Training drills are fundamental to the development of athletes across various sports disciplines, including basketball. This review examines the multifaceted factors influencing both the external and internal workload of drills during training sessions. Factors such as the type of drills utilized, space constraints, the number of players involved, adjustments to game rules, work-to-rest ratios, modifications to roles or tactical scenarios, the level of coach involvement, and the type of opposition all significantly impact drill workload. A comprehensive understanding of these factors can help coaches and athletes optimize training regimens to achieve desired performance outcomes while minimizing the risk of overtraining or injury. By synthesizing current research, this review provides valuable insights into the complex interplay of factors shaping drill workload in basketball training sessions.