bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cooperation and business networking of small and medium enterprises in forestry and wood industry in Juznokucajsko forest region
Authors: Nedeljkovic Jelena , Poduska Zoran , Krgovic Danilo , Nonic Dragan
Published: July 2021

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs), quite often do not have the capacity to
independently meet all the requirements set by the market, which is why they
strive for cooperation and business networking. This research aims to
determine the attitudes of SME representatives in the forestry and wood
industry towards cooperation and business networking in the Juznokucajsko
forest region (JKFR). The paper uses methods of analysis and synthesis,
comparative and statistical methods. Primary data were collected in two
phases. At first, surveys were conducted with 43 representatives of SMEs in
the forestry and wood industry, which operate on the territory of JKFR.
After that, in the second phase, interviews were conducted with
representatives of leading enterprises (six respondents), institutions and
organizations from the public sector (three respondents) and
business-professional and interest organizations (one respondent). The
results of the research indicate that the majority of SMEs in forestry
(78.9%), primary (60%) and final wood processing (92.9%) cooperate with
other enterprises. The most common forms of cooperation are joint appearance
on the market, and cooperation through the purchase of raw materials.
However, in terms of business networking, the results indicate that none of
the analysed enterprises is a member of an association. Regarding the
cooperation with the competent institutions and organizations, it was
determined that it is not present in most enterprises. Based on the
conducted analyses, it can be concluded that there is support for the
implementation of the proposal related to the establishment of SME
associations in the forestry and wood industry. Also, respondents agree that
it is necessary to improve cooperation with relevant institutions and
organizations, by increasing the awareness of SMEs in the forestry and wood
industry about their activities and work programs.
The second national forest inventory of the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Pantic Damjan , Dees Matthias , Borota Dragan
Published: July 2021

The forestry sector of Serbia, other users, as well as international
organizations and conventions express the need for an increasing volume,
specific structure and high reliability of information on the growing stock
of Serbia. To meet these requirements, NFI-2 has undergone significant
changes compared to NFI-1. In methodological terms, the changes are
reflected in the fact that NFI-2 is a two-phase inventory. In the phase of
photo-interpretation of the images, land categories are identified, changes
occurred in the period 2006-2019 and field works are planned. Unlike NFI-1,
all four circles on the cluster have a permanent character, the centers of
the circles are better secured, which ensures their easy findings in NFI-3.
The field phase is realized using high-precision instruments, digital
records of measured or estimated values and online transfer to the database.
The control of field works is performed through three levels, which
significantly reduces the possibility of the appearance of rough and
systematic errors. The scope of information has been significantly expanded,
especially in the field of biodiversity assessment, nature protection,
carbon storage, bioenergy, etc. Conceived in this way, NFI-2 is compatible
with the inventories of most European countries, except in the area of its
institutional organization in Serbia, which has not been resolved.
The modern age and a sense of presence
Authors: Djuric Jelena
Published: July 2021

In this paper, the idea of human existence is related to current issues of
identities within a complex, technologically globalized modern world.
Kierkegaard?s discourse seems very useful in this regard, because of its
vivid narrative about obstacles arrising from the superficial offerings of
freedom and knowledge that essentially supress the individual?s inner
development. By conceptualizing existence and reason as polarities of human
experience, it is not possible to implement the existential immediacy of the
relationship between knowable structure of Being and the living issues of
human beings. That is why, I sugest, their relating, which emerges from the
qualitative nature of the state of presence - simultaneously belonging to
individual?s interiority and to the external world - is of great importance.
Spiritual ascent and the sublime in the abstract art of Kandinsky and Reinhardt
Authors: Popovic Una
Published: July 2021

This paper is about the possible relation between aesthetic experience of the
sublime, as presented in On Sublime by Pseudo-Longinus, and aesthetic
experience of abstract art according to W. Kandinsky and A. Reinhardt. The
analysis confirms the complementarity of Pseudo-Loninus?s description of the
sublime and the idea of spiritual ascent provoked by the arts, which is
characteristic for both of these painters. The analysis of their writings
also points towards the necessary relation between abstract painting and
spiritual ascent. In the final section of the paper, this idea is taken over
as an impulse for reconsidering of the aesthetical category of the sublime.
Finally, resulting conclusion leads towards the legitimizing of the (new)
revitalization of the sublime, on the grounds of the impulses coming from
the arts.
Supporting students in higher education in transforming their thesis into a scientific article
Authors: Areskoug Josefsson Kristina , Nordin Annika
Published: July 2021

According to our experience from education in health and welfare, there are increased expectations in academia for students to publish their work as scientific international articles. Reasons and motivation for transforming the thesis to a scientific article vary; however, it is essential to understand that the work includes substantial revision to meet the requirements of a scientific article. We have long experience of teaching in higher education and have supported students from various educational programs in health and welfare to publish their theses as articles in scientific journals. This demands time, engagement and competence from both supervisors and students, demands that to our knowledge rarely are acknowledged in higher education organisations. A coherent guide on how to support students aiming for publication would have been helpful, and this article is anchored in our experiences and reflections on this matter. This article highlights eight preparatory reflective questions and presents a guide for supervisors in supporting actions for the transformation of a thesis to an article.
ALTERNATIVAS PARA CREDITAÇÃO CURRICULAR DA EXTENSÃO: DEFINIÇÕES CONCEITUAIS E ANÁLISE NORMATIVA
Authors: Neves Júnior Edson José , Maissiat Jaqueline
Published: July 2021

O artigo tem dois objetivos, apresentar uma discussão sobre a definição conceitual-normativa da dimensão de Extensão do ensino superior; e analisar como a creditação da extensão tem sido implementada nas Instituições de Ensino Superior do país, desde que se tornou medida obrigatória disposta em regulamento nacional desde 2018. A respeito do primeiro propósito, a concepção atual de Extensão é abrangente, polissêmica e, na medida do possível, neutra, permitindo a sua instrumentalização na rede de ensino superior a partir de interpretações múltiplas de sua natureza. Sobre o segundo objetivo, dentre os modelos de curricularização verificados, percebe-se que alguns procuram seguir uma orientação mais transformadora e coerente com as propostas de curricularização da extensão, e outros apenas adaptam a pressão por alteração de acordo com condições próprias.
THE THEORIES OF THE OBLIGATION OF A REPRESENTATIVE WITHOUT AUTHORITY TO A THIRD PARTY: THE EXPERIENCE OF GERMAN CIVIL LAW AND ITS USE IN RUSSIA
Authors: BAYGUSHEVA Yu.V.
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the study is to determine the basis of the occurrence and the legal nature of the obligation of a representative without authority in case of refusal to approve the contract conducted by him. To achieve this purpose, the author turns to the history of para. 1 p. 1 and p. 3 of Art. 183 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and identifies the theoretical model that underlies these prescriptions. The legal regulation of the obligation of the representative was borrowed by the domestic legislator from the draft and the final text of the German BGB. The prescriptions for this undertaking were formed as a result of a heated debate that unfolded in the second half of the 19th century among German civil law experts. They developed the basic theories of an obligation of a representative without authority: a theory of tort liability, a theory of obligation from a guarantee agreement, a theory of pre-contractual liability and a theory of obligation to protect trust. The last theory turned out to be the most viable and was enshrined in the final version of § 179 BGB, and therefore in the paragraphs of Art. 183 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. The essence of this theory is that if a representative without authority concludes a contract on behalf of the principal who then refuses to approve, then a representative has an obligation to compensate a third party (counterparty) for property damage; this obligation follows from the prescription of the law and the trust of a third party in the existence of authority that the representative shows, regardless of the representative’s fault. The obligation of the representative without authority is not a tort liability or obligation from the guarantee agreement; this obligation is precontractual in nature, however, it cannot be considered as liability for unfair negotiation, as it arises without the fault of the representative. The theory of obligation to protect trust has not been well covered in Russian literature. The few domestic authors who answer the question about the basis of the occurrence and the legal nature of the obligation of a representative are supporters of the theory of tort liability, the theory of obligation from a guarantee agreement or the theory of pre-contractual liability.
THE CIRCUMVENTION OF THE RIGHT OF PRE-EMPTION WITH THE CONTRACT SIMILAR TO SALE
Authors: SCHERMAIER MARTIN JOSEF
Published: July 2021

This publication is a Russian edition of M.J. Schermaier’s article, devoted to the circumvention of the right of pre-emption with the contract similar to sale.
THE LIMITS OF EXCLUSIVE RIGHTS TO COMPUTER PROGRAMS
Authors: VOROZHEVICH A.S.
Published: July 2021

In the article, the author examines time, content and object boundaries of exclusive rights to computer programs. It has been substantiated that the meaningful boundaries of exclusive rights should be established through a closed list of cases of free use. At the same time, the balance sheet doctrine of fair use, supplemented by the concepts of “transformative use”, cannot serve as a tool for establishing such boundaries. At the same time, in order to resolve atypical conflicts of interest arising in relation to a specific object of copyright between a person interested in access to such an object and the rightholder, standards for assessing the behavior of the rightholder should be developed – special (in relation to Article 10 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation) limits for the implementation of exclusive right. With regard to the object boundaries of rights to computer programs, it was concluded that they are established by means of the “traditional” concept of copyright “protected form – unprotected content” and the doctrine of “essential part”. The principle of exhaustion of rights should not apply to such objects.
Mining for Greenlandic self-government: Fractal islands in the Anthropocene
Authors: Hastrup Frida , Brichet Nathalia
Published: July 2021

This article explores the emergence of Greenland as an Anthropocene island through anthropological fieldwork in and around the decommissioned Nalunaq goldmine in the south of the country. The article takes off from the idea that Anthropocene activities are characterized by the invention, movement, and marketing of seemingly mobile resource units that can be identified and invested in regardless of landscape specificities, and explores how the production of Greenlandic gold complicates this idea of extraction. In particular, the article discusses how Greenlandic post-colonial independence and ambitions for mining both go together and undermine each other, creating new dependencies and relationalities along the way. Through analyzing parts of Nalunaq’s political context, infrastructural challenges, the gold that came out, and eventual closure, the article presents Greenlandic gold mining as a set of partly congruous, partly contradictory practices and ideas. The article thus specifies an extractive project that both is and is not possible on the world’s biggest island, and brings this to bear on how we might understand the Anthropocene.
Kentsel Hayattaki Alevilerin Kimlik Repertuvarına Sosyal Psikolojik Bir Bakış: Etnik Kimlik, Ana Dili ve İç-Grup Temsillerinin Benlik Sınıflandırmasındaki Rolü
Authors: Kuşdil M. Ersin , Karlıdağ Sercan
Published: July 2021

“Aleviliğe” ilişkin akademik çalışmalardaki artan ivmeye rağmen, Aleviliğin taşıyıcısı ve Aleviliği şekillendiren sosyal özneler olarak “Aleviler” ile ilgili sosyal bilimsel çalışmalar sınırlı gözükmektedir. Bu sınırlılığa karşı bir çözüm arayışı olarak “sosyal psikolojik bakış açısıyla” Alevilerin kendilerini tanımlama ve kimlik inşa süreçlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu incelemede, Aleviler/Aleviliğin inanç-teozofisi ve sosyo-tarihsel özgünlüğü olarak addedilen “insanlık” nosyonu bir kolektif kimlik inşası örneği olarak özel bir konumda yer almıştır. Literatürde kentleşme ve modernleşmenin Aleviliği dışarılıklı deneyimlenen bir olgu olmaya götürdüğü değerlendirilmektedir. Buna göre, kentsel hayattaki Alevi öznenin, insanlık nosyonuyla kurduğu bağ ve kimlik repertuvarının “etnik kimlik”, “ana dili” ve “iç-gruba yönelik sosyal temsiller” açısından incelenmesi, bu araştırmanın kapsamını oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma dahilindeki anket uygulaması, 64’ü kadın, 142 Alevi katılımcıyla (Ort.yaş = 37.4) İstanbul ve İzmir kentlerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi, betimsel analizler, kappa, ki-kare ve tek-yönlü varyans analizleri ile incelenmiştir. Bulgulara göre, katılımcıların beyan ettikleri kimlik ifadelerinin/unsurlarının (f = 1136) %9.6’sını, insanlık kolektif kimlik kategorisi kullanımına dayalı üst-soyutluk düzeyinde kimlik unsuru oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcılar arasında insanlık kolektif kimliği, grup kimliği ve kişisel/ilişkisel kimlik kullanım sıklıklarının etnik kimliğe ve ana diline bağlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların iç-gruplarına yönelik sosyal temsillerinde beş kategori açığa çıkmıştır: (1) İnsanlık Kimliği ve Etik Duruşları ile Aleviler, (2) Sosyo-Kültürel Sermaye ve Nitelikleri ile Aleviler, (3) Toplumsal Statüleri ve Politik Angajmanları ile Aleviler, (4) Treytleri ile Aleviler, (5) İnanca Dayalı Kültürel Grup Olarak Aleviler. Sonuçlar, etnik kimlik ve ana dilinin Alevi kimliğini çalışırken dikkate alınması gereken faktörler olduğunu ve iç-grup temsillerinin kimlik sürecinin içeriğini anlamada önemli katkılar sunabileceğini göstermektedir. Makalenin son bölümünde, söz konusu bulgular sosyal kimlik ve sosyal temsiller ekollerine dayanarak sosyal psikolojik açıdan ve ilişkili sosyal bilim disiplinlerine atıfla tartışılmış, yanı sıra araştırmanın sınır(lılık)ları üzerinde durulmuştur.
Upaya Meningkatkan Perkembangan Motorik Kasar Melalui Permainan Tradisional Egrang Batok Kelapa
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Fidiawati Liza
Published: July 2021

Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini Bagaimana upaya meningkatkan kemampuan motorik kasar anak melalui permainan tradisional egrang batok kelapa di kelompok B TK Babul Ulum Lamteungoh Aceh Besar?. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan motorik kasar anak di TK Babul Ulum Lamteungoh Aceh Besar dengan menggunakan permainan tradisional egrang batok kelapa. Jenis penelitian menggunakan Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Istrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi, jumlah sampel adalah 12 anak   dan data dianalisis dengan menggunakan rumus presentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada gambaran aktivitas anak pada siklus I   jumlah jumlah perolehan dengan kategori belum berkembang 41.66% (5 anak), kategori mulai berkembang 25% (3 anak), kategori berkembang sesuai harapan 16.66% (2 anak),  dan kategori berkembang sangat baik 16.66% (2 anak).   Pada   siklus ke II tidak ada kategori belum berkembang 1 anak (8.33%),   ,mulai berkembang 1 anak (8,33%), kategori berkembang sesuai harapan adalah 2 anak (16.66% ) kategori berkembang sangat baik adalah 66.66% (8 anak). Berdasarkan data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa permainan egrang batok kelapa dapat meningkatkan kemampuan motorik kasar anak.
Time stability of the impact of institutions on economic growth and real convergence of the EU countries: implications from the hidden Markov models analysis
Authors: Bernardelli Michał , Próchniak Mariusz , Witkowski Bartosz
Published: July 2021

Research background: It is not straightforward to identify the role of institutions for the economic growth. The possible unknown or uncertain areas refer to nonlinearities, time stability, transmission channels, and institutional complementarities. The research problem tackled in this paper is the analysis of the time stability of the relationship between institutions and economic growth and real economic convergence. Purpose of the article: The article aims to verify whether the impact of the institutional environment on GDP dynamics was stable over time or diffed in various subperiods. The analysis covers the EU28 countries and the 1995?2019 period. Methods: We use regression equations with time dummies and interactions to assess the stability of the impact of institutions on economic growth. The analysis is based on the partially overlapping observations. The models are estimated with the use of Blundell and Bond?s GMM system estimator. The results are then averaged with the Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) approach. Structural breaks are identified on the basis of the Hidden Markov Models (HMM). Findings & value added: The value added of the study is threefold. First, we use the HMM approach to find structural breaks. Second, the BMA method is applied to assess the robustness of the outcomes. Third, we show the potential of HMM in foresighting. The results of regression estimates indicate that good institution reflected in the greater scope of economic freedom and better governance lead to the higher economic growth of the EU countries. However, the impact of institutions on economic growth was not stable over time.
The impact of digital transformation on European countries: insights from a comparative analysis
Authors: Małkowska Agnieszka , Urbaniec Maria , Kosała Małgorzata
Published: July 2021

Research background: In the era of the digital revolution, the Internet, automation and robotisation, new industrial relations and dynamic interactions among different stakeholders are giving rise to new opportunities and challenges. The changes associated with the enforcement of the ?Industry 4.0? concept require adaptation to these developments at different levels of the economy and society in order to support digital transformation. Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to measure and assess the impact of digital transformation on European countries (EU). The comparative analysis of technological development in EU countries includes three dimensions: the digitalisation of society (Society 4.0), the ability of the economy to face the challenges of technological development (Economy 4.0), as well as the exploitation of ICT in companies (Companies 4.0). Methods: The empirical section of the article was built on a two-stage analytical approach: (a) cluster analysis methods to assess differences and similarities between EU countries (Hierarchical Cluster and K-Means Cluster) and (b) the multi-criteria decision-making method (TOPSIS) to rank countries according to the adopted evaluation criteria. For the purposes of this analysis, data from the Eurostat database have been applied. Findings & value added: The results of this analysis demonstrate the impact of technological transformation on the economy and society in EU countries grouped according to a similar level of development, such as countries with high, medium and low performance. This has contributed to indicating the cohesion in technological development achieved by each country group and to recognising the digitalisation gap between EU Member States. The novelty of this study consists in applying the multi-stage, multi-criteria analysis based on cluster analysis and the TOPSIS method, as well as the comparative analysis of the impact of technological developments on the societies and economies of EU countries. This paper extends similar studies by focusing on the application of a broad range of indicators regarding a holistic perspective including three dimensions: societies, economies and companies. The results provide valuable insights into evaluating the technological progress in European countries.
P-Semi Hollow-Lifting Modules
Authors: Qaess Hussain Mukdad , Jabar Abdul Kareem Darya
Published: July 2021

Let R be a ring with identity and Q be a unitary left Module over R. In this paper, we introduced the concept of p-semi hollow-lifting Module as generalization of semi hollow-lifting Module. Also, give a comprehensive study of basic properties of p-semi hollow-lifting Modules and some related concepts.
Peran Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) dan Return On Equity (ROE) dalam Mempengahruhi Abnormal Return
Authors: Setiawan Fery , Krisdiyanti Reny , P.A Eka Destriyanto
Published: July 2021

Penulis melakukan penelitian ini dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengungkapan CSR yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan dan nilai ROE pada abnormal return. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan menggunakan data sekunder yang dapat diperoleh melalui website resmi bursa efek di www.idx.co.id dan website yahoo.finance. Metode analisis yang pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan memanfaatkan penggunaan aplikasi SPSS versi 20. Penelitian ini menggunakan populasi seluruh perusahaan pertambangan yang aktif terdaftar pada Bursa Efek Indonesia dalam tahun 2015-2019. Sedangkan, sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ditetapkan dengan metode purposive sampling sehingga menghasilkan 85 data yang bisa diolah. Hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan ini mengungkapkan jika CSR tidak mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan pada abnormal return. Namun ROE mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan pada abnormal return. Kata Kunci : CSR, ROE, Abnormal Return
Capital humano y productividad en el período reciente de México
Authors:   , Álvarez González Karina
Published: July 2021

En la actualidad nos encontramos ante una economía donde la información y la tecnología son los factores que originan su crecimiento. Es por ello que el capital humano en los países, en las regiones y por ende en las empresas obliga a dar un salto tecnológico a través de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación para mejorar la eficacia económica y la productividad que se derivan de dichas actividades. Para analizar la importancia del capital humano como generador del cambio tecnológico de las empresas mexicanas decidimos partir de los años noventa a la actualidad, un contexto de apertura, ya que es en este periodo cuando puede ocurrir un desplazamiento exógeno en la demanda de trabajo calificado mediante la intensificación del capital o del cambio tecnológico. El desarrollo del trabajo se divide en tres partes; en el primer capítulo se analizará a la literatura que ha mencionado el papel de los recursos humanos en la empresa, en forma introductoria se presenta el contenido del capital humano en la teoría del crecimiento económico. En seguida se analizará la importancia del conocimiento en la perspectiva de los modelos de crecimiento endógeno y por último se presenta la teoría del cambio técnico evolutivo, examinando el papel de la eficiencia y la capacitación en el incremento de las capacidades tecnológicas empresariales y la innovación. En el segundo capítulo se analizará el estado actual de la demanda de personal con mayores niveles de educación y la capacitación en el periodo reciente en México. Nos interesa desglosar las diferencias por tamaño de empresas, ramas e inserción internacional. Y por último en el capítulo tres se específica un modelo econométrico, que parte desde el análisis factorial para posteriormente realizar un modelo de tipo logit donde la variable dependiente es la productividad a nivel de clases industriales. En este capítulo examinaremos la contribución de la capacitación y escolaridad en la producción. Las variables a utilizar son las que están relacionadas a la escolaridad y a la capacitación de acuerdo a la Encuesta Nacional de Empleo, Salarios, Tecnología y Capacitación (2003). Por último, se presentan las conclusiones.
Cikkismertetés: Étrendi kockázatok egészséghatása 195 országban, 1990-2017
Authors: Erdei Gergő
Published: July 2021

Ugyan a helytelen étrend fontos megelőzhető kockázati tényező a nem fertőző betegségek (non-communicable diseases) esetében, az elégtelen tápanyag-bevitel nem fertőző betegségekre gyakorolt hatását eddig még nem értékelték áttekintő tanulmányban. Jelen cikk célja a leggyakrabban fogyasztott élelmiszerek és legfőbb tápanyagok fogyasztásának értékelése 195 országban, valamint felmérni, hogy ezek elégtelen bevitele milyen hatással van a nem fertőző betegségek halálozási gyakoriságának mutatóira.
Cikkismertetés: Árcsökkentés vagy médiakampány növeli jobban a zöldség- és gyümölcsfogyasztást?
Authors: Kaposvári Csilla
Published: July 2021

Az Amerikai Egyesült Államokban (USA) az alacsony zöldség- és gyümölcsfogyasztás a szív- és érrend-szeri megbetegedések egyik fontos rizikófaktora. A médiakampányok és a gazdasági ösztönzők egyaránt növelhetik a lakosság zöldség- és gyümölcs- fogyasztását. A kétféle intézkedés egymáshoz viszonyított hatékonyságáról azonban kevés adat áll rendelkezésre. Az ismertetett kutatás célja az volt, hogy megbecsüljék az USA lakosságának körében a zöldség- és gyümölcsfogyasztás növelését célzó médiakampányok, és a fogyasztói árcsökkentés hatására bekövetkező szív- és érrendszeri halálozás csökkenését, valamint az etnikai egyenlőtlenségek változását.
Cikkismertetés: Digitális Egészségműveltség-mérő Eszköz fejlesztése
Authors: Varga Szabolcs
Published: July 2021

Az egészségügyi ellátás digitalizálódásával egyre több, ehhez kapcsolódó internet alapú applikáció jelent meg az elmúlt években. Így az egészségügyi szolgáltatások megfelelő használatához kompetenciák széles köre vált szükségessé. A jelenleg rendelkezésre álló eszközök, melyek a digitális egészségműveltség szintjét mérik, az információszerzésre (Egészség 1.0 képességek) fókuszálnak, figyelmen kívül hagyva a hálózati interaktivitáshoz kapcsolódó képességeket (Egészség 2.0). A cikk szerzői kidolgoztak egy új skálát, mely alkalmas az Egészség 1.0 és Egészség 2.0 kompetenciák teljes körének mérésére (DHLI). A szerzők az eredmények alapján azt a konklúziót vonták le, hogy az eszköz alkalmas a digitális egészségműveltség több szempontú és átfogó mérésére. A jövőbeni kutatásoknak érdemes használniuk, és vizsgálniuk a Digital Health Literacy Instrument megbízhatóságát és alkalmazhatóságát magyarországi mintavételekben a digitális egészségműveltség mérésére.
Transpalatal reconstruction and stenting for treatment of choanal atresia and nasopharyngeal stenosis in a dog
Authors: Saver Alexander , Loeber Samantha , Hardie Robert , Wood Michael W. , Pritchard Jessica C.
Published: July 2021

CASE DESCRIPTION

A 3-year-old 17.5-kg (38.5-lb) mixed-breed dog was referred for evaluation because of nasal discharge, sneezing, and signs of nasal congestion of approximately 9 months’ duration. A diagnosis of nasopharyngeal stenosis (NPS) was made prior to referral.

CLINICAL FINDINGS

Sneezing, bilateral mucopurulent nasal discharge, reduced nasal airflow, stertor, and increased inspiratory effort were noted on physical examination. Results of serum biochemical analysis were within respective reference ranges. Review of CT images of the skull revealed findings consistent with severe bilateral partial osseous choanal atresia and NPS. Retrograde rhinoscopy confirmed membranous NPS.

TREATMENT AND OUTCOME

A ventral rhinotomy was performed; communication between the pharynx and nasal passageway was reestablished by surgical debridement of the caudal border of the palatine bone and vomerine crest and groove, followed by dissection of the membranous NPS and reconstruction of the caudal part of the nasopharynx. A covered nasopharyngeal stent was placed in the newly established nasopharynx. The dog recovered uneventfully but was presented 3 weeks later with recurrent signs; diagnostic findings were consistent with stenosis rostral to the stent. The stenosis was treated with balloon dilation, and a second covered stent was placed rostral to and overlapping the first stent, spanning the stenotic region. Eleven months after this procedure, the dog was doing well.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results for this patient suggested that ventral rhinotomy and covered nasopharyngeal stent placement can be used successfully for the management of osseous choanal atresia in dogs; however, careful attention to preoperative planning and potential complications is necessary. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2021;259:190–196)
Use of potassium chloride for low-residue euthanasia of anesthetized California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) and northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) with life-threatening injury or disease
Authors: Whitmer Emily R. , Trumbull Emily J. , Harris Heather S. , Whoriskey Sophie T. , Field Cara L.
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE

To demonstrate the efficacy of potassium chloride (KCl) for low-residue euthanasia of anesthetized pinnipeds in field settings for which carcass retrieval for disposal is not feasible.

ANIMALS

Stranded, free-ranging California sea lions (CSLs; Zalophus californianus; n = 17) and northern elephant seals (NESs; Mirounga angustirostris; 6) with life-threatening injury or disease between May and August 2020.

PROCEDURES

Each animal was anesthetized and then received a lethal dose of KCl solution administered by IV or intracardiac injection. The effective KCl dose; durations to cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest, and pupil dilation; and presence or absence of agonal breaths, muscle fasciculations, or skeletal movements were recorded.

RESULTS

Mean effective dose of KCl was 207.4 mg/kg (94.3 mg/lb) for the 17 CSLs and 209.1 mg/kg (95.0 mg/lb) for 5 of 6 NESs (1 outlier NES was excluded). The range in duration from the beginning of KCl injection to cardiac arrest was 0 to 6 minutes, to pupil dilation was 0 to 5 minutes, and to respiratory arrest was 0 to 5 minutes. Muscle fasciculations, skeletal movements, and agonal breaths were observed in both species during and after KCl administration.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The use of KCl provides an effective, low-residue method of euthanasia in anesthetized CSLs and NESs. Our recommended dose for these species is 250 mg KCl/kg (113.6 mg KCl/lb) delivered by intracardiac injection. Compared with euthanasia by barbiturate overdose, the use of KCl reduces the potential for secondary intoxication of scavengers and is appropriate in field scenarios in which the carcass cannot be retrieved for disposal. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2021;259:197–201)
Using the complexity index method to manage problems related to manufacturing
Authors: Abou-Chakra Hadi
Published: July 2021

The Complexity Index method is an approach developed to help manufacturing companies quantify complexity in production. This paper sheds light on the connection between complexity and manufacturing problems and how the Complexity Index method was used to capture the areas in a production line with high levels of complexity to determine the sources of manufacturing problems related to labour time, surplus production, and manufacturing error. The main areas perceived as complex were due to Work Instructions, Work Content, and Product Variants. The perceived complexities were assessed for proper actions to be taken to decrease their level of complexity. The correlations between complexity and manufacturing problems were used for tracking related issues and ways for improvement. This study presents data on the use of workers’ perception to uncover the areas of complexity, which could be used by the management team to pragmatically capture difficulties and issues related to manufacturing problems to improve the production system.
Disorders in blood circulation as a probable cause of death in dogs infected with Babesia canis
Authors: Zygner Wojciech , Rodo Anna , Gójska-Zygner Olga , Górski Paweł , Bartosik Justyna , Kotomski Grzegorz
Published: July 2021

Introduction

The purpose of the study was to investigate post-mortem changes in dogs infected with Babesia canis and to establish the probable cause of death of the affected animals.

Material and Methods

Cadavers of six dogs that did not survive babesiosis were collected. Necropsies were performed and samples of various organs were collected for histological examination.

Results

Necropsies and histological examinations revealed congestion and oedemata in various organs. Most of the dogs had ascites, hydrothorax or hydropericardium, pulmonary oedema, pulmonary, renal, hepatic, and cerebral congestion, and necrosis of cardiomyocytes.

Conclusion

These results suggested disorders in blood circulation as the most probable cause of death. However, the pulmonary inflammatory response and cerebral babesiosis observed in some of these dogs could also be considered possible causes of death. This study also showed a possible role for renal congestion in the development of renal hypoxia and azotaemia in canine babesiosis.
The relationship between foreign direct investment, financial development and growth economic in Next-11 Countries: a PMG/ARDL estimation
Authors: Louail Bilal , Zouita Mohamed
Published: July 2021

This study investigates the relationship between FDI, economic growth and financial development in the Next 11 countries. An analysis of the results was performed accordingly on the panel data gathered from the Next 11 countries from 1985 to 2019— using the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimation method and the Autoregressive Distributed Lag model approach (ARDL). The results indicate an impact of both economic growth and financial development on the FDI flows to the study of countries during the period between 1985 and 2019 in the long run, while no such proof is affirmed in the short run. This study’s contribution provides a better understanding of the dynamic relationship between FDI, economic growth, and financial development by providing decision-makers to understand the nature of the dynamic association between the study variables. This study provides empirical evidence about the association between inflows of FDI, economic growth and financial development within the context of the Next-11 countries. The previous literature lacks empirical study on the relationship between variables of study for the Next-11 countries.
The impact of changes in pore structure on the compressive strength of sulphoaluminate cement concrete at high temperature
Authors: Tchekwagep J.J.K. , Zhao P. , Wang S. , Huang S. , Cheng X.
Published: July 2021

The internal pore structure of sulphoaluminate cement concrete (SACC) significantly affects its mechanical properties. The main purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between pore structure changes and compressive strength after exposure to elevated temperatures. SACC samples that had been cured for 12 months were dried to a constant weight and then exposed to different temperatures (100 °C, 200 °C and 300 °C), after which the compressive strength and pore structure were measured. The pore structure of SACC was quantitatively described by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and nitrogen adsorption results. The results showed that with increased temperature, the porosity of the SACC samples also increased and the pore structure was gradually destroyed. Moreover, the SACC’s compressive strength gradually decreased with increasing temperature. The relationship between compressive strength and porosity was in close agreement with the compressive strength–porosity equation proposed by Schiller. Therefore, after extensive exposure to elevated temperature, the changes in SACC’s compressive strength can be quantitatively described by the Schiller equation.
The climate change movement and political parties: Mechanisms of social media and interaction during the 2019 electoral period in Finland
Authors: Savolainen Sonja , Ylä-Anttila Tuomas
Published: July 2021

Building on the framework of electoral contention, we investigate the interaction dynamics between social movements and political parties during elections. We argue that social media today is an important venue for these interactions, and consequently, analysing social media data is useful for understanding the shifts in the conflict and alliance structures between movements and parties. We find that Twitter discussions on the climate change movement during the 2019 electoral period in Finland reveal a process of pre-election approaching and post-election distancing between the movement and parties. The Greens and the Left formed mutually beneficial coalitions with the movement preceding the elections and took distance from one another after these parties entered the government. These findings suggest that research on movement-party interaction should pay more attention to social media and undertake comparative studies to assess whether the approaching-distancing process and its constituent mechanisms characterise movements beyond the climate strikes in Finland.
Spread of tweets in climate discussions: A case study of the 2019 Nobel Peace Prize announcement
Authors: Xia Yan , Chen Ted Hsuan Yun , Kivelä Mikko
Published: July 2021

Characterising the spreading of ideas within echo chambers is essential for understanding polarisation. In this article, we explore the characteristics of popular and viral content in climate change discussions on Twitter around the 2019 announcement of the Nobel Peace Prize, where we find the retweet network of users to be polarised into two well-separated groups of activists and sceptics. Operationalising popularity as the number of retweets and virality as the spreading probability inferred using an independent cascade model, we find that the viral themes echo and differ from the popular themes in interesting ways. Most importantly, we find that the most viral themes in the two groups reflect different types of bonds that tie the community together, yet both function to enhance ingroup connections while repulsing outgroup engagement. With this, our study sheds light, from an information-spreading perspective, on the formation and upkeep of echo chambers in climate discussions.
Setbacks to the Implementation of the Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions: Case Studies of the Namas of Ethiopia, Georgia and Indonesia
Authors: Issaka Sule Ayannor
Published: July 2021

The lack of implementation of the Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) of the non-Annexe I Parties registered in the NAMA Registry of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is a worrying situation in the sense that it is limiting the contributions these NAMA projects would have made towards mitigating global climate change. There is however little research on the reasons behind the lack of implementation of these NAMAs projects and this is the knowledge gap that this paper seeks to fill based on a critical overview of the NAMAs of Ethiopia, Indonesia and Georgia. The source of data for this paper is mainly from the focal persons for the NAMAs of the countries under study, which was obtained via telephone and Skype interviews with the respondents. Our findings show that lack of funding, complicated financial mechanisms, lack of technical expertise, fringe conditions to donor support and policy issues according to the findings of this study are the main hindrances to the implementation of NAMAs. International organisations, donor partners, developed countries and local governments alike are therefore encouraged to channel some of the funds meant for fighting global climate change into sponsoring the NAMAs of poorer countries, as this will see to the successful implementations of these NAMAs and their subsequent impacts on mitigating global climate change. The paper is also timely considering the scarcity of literature on NAMAs related issues.
КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ КОНОСАМЕНТОВ И ЕЁ ПРАВОВОЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ
Authors: Чурилов А. Ю.
Published: July 2021

История развития коносамента – от расписки в получении груза до товарораспорядительного документа и применения его в обороте – достаточно длительна, и его эволюция, а также постоянно растущие потребности рынка породили множество разновидностей коносамента. В работе рассматриваются классификации коносаментов по различным критериям, а также правовое значение этих классификаций. Автор демонстрирует разницу между береговым и бортовым коносаментом; чистым коносаментом и коносаментом с оговорками; и другими разновидностями. В работе освещены отдельные особенности различных режимов регулирования коносаментов, закреплённых в трёх международных конвенциях. Целью исследования является необходимость систематизации существующих коносаментов и освещение того, как их разновидности могут влиять на отношения сторон.
Development of UV-spectrophotometric method and its validation for estimating contents of Prulifloxacin in Simulated Intestinal Fluid
Authors: KUMAR KAUSHAL , Singh Sobhna
Published: July 2021

This study was performed with an objective of developing and validating an UV-spectroscopic method for estimating contents of prulifloxacin in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) i.e. phosphate- buffer media with a pH of 6.8 as per ICH guidelines. The λmax for prulifloxacin in phosphate- buffer media pH 6.8 was found to be 272 nanometer. The calibration curve of drug followed linearity in-between 1-9 μg/ml concentration range and correlation co-efficient value was found equal to 0.9995. We tested this proposed method onto the bulk and marketed pharmaceutical formulation (tablets) also in order to find out contents of drug. Using developed method for estimation of prulifloxacin in SIF, drug was found to be in-between 101.91 and 104.02 % in marketed tablets which shows a good agreement with that of the claimed level. Accuracy of developed method was established through recovery experimentation, performed for three spiked percent concentrations- 75%, 100%, and 125%. The % recovery was found to be in between 97.27 and 101.82%. Low values of % RSD supported accuracy as well as the reproducibility of developed method. Precision of developed method was established by good in-limit intraday and interday experimental variations and through repeatability tests. Values of % RSD less than 2 confirmed about precision of developed method. The ruggedness of the developed method was validated by performing drug estimation by two different performers. This proposed spectroscopic method has proved to be a rapid and successful method for routine analysis of prulifloxacin in simulated intestinal fluid.
A STRUCTURE BASED MOLECULAR DOCKING OF Acacia catechu AGAINSTCONTRACTILE PROTEIN Plasmodium falciparum – A MALARIAL DISEASE
Authors: BISWAL R ABHISHEK , PAZHAMALAI VIVEK
Published: July 2021

The bioactive compounds of Acacia catechu using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy and the inhibitory activity against contractile protein Plasmodium falciparum against protozoan disease were studied. This research mainly focuses on finding of novel drug screening against malarial enzyme. The compounds of Acacia catechu are screened using Lipinski rule of five with ADMET properties in which the character as well as behaviour of the drug compound is known. The compounds were checked for its dosage level in human and rat as well as distribution properties in blood brain barrier and central neuro system. The compounds 9,12,15- Octadecatrienoic acid has higher affinity with -7.95 Kcal/mol followed by Pthalic acid, butyl 2- pentyl ester -7.35 Kcal/mol and Furo[2,3-d] Pyrimidine-4,6 [5H,7H]-dion -6.24 Kcal/mol were docked using Autodock software. the compound  9,12,15- Octadecatrienoic acid, Pthalic acid butyl 2- pentyl ester, Furo[2,3-d] Pyrimidine-4,6 [5H,7H]-dion has higher affinity such as -7.95 Kcal/mol , -7.35 Kcal/mol and -6.24 Kcal/mol respectively. Thus this research proves that the drug compounds of Acacia catechu have novel therapeutic drug activity against virulent enzymes.
Design, Development and Delivery of Rasagiline Mesylate from Monolithic Drug in Adhesive Matrix Patches
Authors: Mandli Vipulbhai , Prajapati Shailesh T.
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this research was to prepare and evaluate monolithic drug-in-adhesive type patches of Rasagiline Mesylate (RM) containing penetration enhancer and having seven day wear property. Preformulation studies like solubility in permeation enhancers, compatibility study, transmission study, uptake study and crystallization study of Rasagiline Mesylate in various pressure sensitive adhesive polymers were performed. Transdermal system was prepared by solvent casting method. The effects of various permeation enhancers (Propylene Glycol, Oleic Acid, Isopropyl Palmitate, and lauryl lactate) on the ex-vivo transcutaneous absorption of Rasagiline Mesylate through human cadaver skin were evaluated by modified Franz diffusion cell system. Ex-vivo transcutaneous absorption of prepared transdermal patch was performed using different concentration of Lauryl lactate (3%, 5%, and 7%). In-vitro Adhesion testing (Peel, tack shear etc.) was performed on different dry GSM (Grams per Square Meter) of patch like 80GSM, 100 GSM and 150 GSM. The final transdermal patches were tested for appearance, weight of matrix, thickness, % assay of drug content, in-vitro adhesion testing, cold flow study and ex-vivo skin permeation studies. Based on crystallization study and adhesion testing, Durotak-4098 (14% drug concentration) was selected as pressure sensitive adhesive. Patch containing Lauryl lactate showed highest cumulative permeation compared to other permeation enhancers. The patch containing 5% laurel lactate showed greater transdermal flux (2.36 µg/cm2 /hr). Patch with 150 dry GSM showing promising adhesion properties. Backing film Scotchpak 9723 and release liner Saint Gobain 8310 was selected based on transmission and uptake study of Rasagiline Mesylate. Stability study indicates that developed formulation remains stable. In conclusion, the present research confirms the practicability of developing Rasagiline Mesylate transdermal system.