bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does firm efficiency matter in the hospitality industry?
Authors: Phucharoen Chayanon , Sangkaew Nichapat
Published: December 2022

Purpose

A leading characteristic of international tourists at every tourist destination is their role as foreign–income disseminator, and a large number of papers have been dedicated to exploring their behavior. In contrast, this paper aims to shed light on the supply-side of tourism through the study of a hotels’ ability to internationalize their businesses.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on each hotel’s input data, its efficiency was estimated by a data envelopment analysis approach. Then, the hotel’s intensity of demand from foreign guests was regressed against hotel efficiency along with firm’ control variables.

Findings

Results from Heckman correction model indicate that ordinary least squares regression would be subject to selection bias, and the results from the correction model strongly indicate a positive linkage between the hotel’s efficiency level and its foreign to total guest ratio, especially in the sub-sample of hotels located in non-tourist destinations. In addition, the results also reveal that the availability of certain services and facilities at hotels are positively related to the number of foreign guests, namely, a spa service and swimming pools.

Originality/value

Therefore, the main implications from this study are twofold. First, if a hotel’s target market is international travelers, a swimming pool and the availability of a spa service are essential features for hotels in Thailand. Second, policies to improve productivity in hotels should be simultaneously implemented along with tourist-destination-promotion campaigns to optimize the economic impact of international tourist arrivals.
World heritage sites, international tourism demand and tourist specialization in Latin America and the Caribbean 1995-2019
Authors: Tortul Marina , Elías Silvina , Leonardi Viviana
Published: December 2022

The relationship between international tourism and the registration of a place as World Heritage, both tangible and intangible, has been newly studied. Nevertheless, little progress has been done with regard to Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) countries. This paper aims to approach this problem. Furthermore, the analysis is differentiated according to the kind of destination. To do so, a specialization index is introduced indicating whether a country is specialized in tourism or not. The study is based on a panel data of 32 countries in LAC for the 1995-2019 period. Results show that there is a strong direct effect of the number of World Heritage Sites on international tourist demand and, that this relationship is much stronger for those countries that are tourism specialized. However, when differentiating between tangible and intangible heritages, tangible ones have an important significant effect on international tourist demand in not tourism specialized countries, but intangible elements not so much. Conversely, cultural intangible heritage is only significant for tourism specialized countries.
O uso da ferramenta colaborativa Canva nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem: achados de um mapeamento sistemático da literatura
Authors: Manso Marcilene Paulino da Silva , Silva Russiana Costa Santos da , Aquino Lucélio Dantas de
Published: December 2022

Baseando-se nas orientações propostas por Kitchenham e Charters (2007) sobre mapeamento sistemático da literatura, bem como na necessidade de fazer conhecer a produção científica com a ferramenta colaborativa Canva no contexto educacional, objetivamos, com este trabalho, mapear, na literatura acadêmica, as pesquisas acerca do uso da ferramenta colaborativa Canva nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem no Brasil. Com base no protocolo elaborado, apenas dois trabalhos atenderam aos nossos critérios, com vistas a responder às questões de pesquisa. Ambas dissertações de mestrado, a saber: Marchezan (2018) e Dutra (2020). As duas pesquisas encontradas neste mapeamento relatam experiências docentes com o uso da ferramenta Canva, recorrendo a apenas um único recurso: a produção de infográfico. Em vista disso, concluímos que o universo de pesquisas com a ferramenta colaborativa Canva se apresenta como um campo profícuo à proposição de pesquisas que estimulem a formação e novas práticas na educação brasileira para utilizar as potencialidades dessa tecnologia.
Effect of high maternal BMI on mode of delivery
Authors: Saleh Hira , Gul Sumiya , Latif Aqsa , Safdar Sabah , Gul Sana , Kumari Saweeta
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Obesity during pregnancy has increased recently, which has led to issues for the mother, the developing baby, and the newborn. Pathology during pregnancy and in the fetus is more likely in people with higher body mass indices (BMI). Of the 10 nations hosting half of the 693 million people with high BMIs worldwide, Pakistan comes in at number eight. Objective: Objective of the study was to determine how a high maternal BMI affected the manner of delivery. Methods: This study included 1272 pregnant women having a BMI>31kg/m2. Data on the mother, fetus, pregnancy, mode of delivery, i.e. normal vaginal delivery (NVD), instrumental-delivery (ID) and caesarean section delivery (CSD), and any potential neonatal unit admission) were gathered. Using the statistical program SPSS, variables connected to the chance of having a CSD were identified using univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis (v.25). Results: The women's mean age was 27.5 years, having mean BMI 27.2 kg/m2, and 26.69% of them were obese (n=310). 70.12% of women delivered naturally vaginally, 13.83% underwent a cesarean section, and 16.03% used equipment. obesity
PORTRAYING THE ETHNOGRAPHIC LANDSCAPE OF THE TEA WORKERS' COMMUNITIES IN SYLHET: A MORPHOLOGICAL APPROACH
Authors: Rahman Md Arifur , Nahyan Hossain Mohammad , Rahman Md Mustafizur
Published: December 2022

The historic tea estates are part of the cultural landscape of Sylhet and attract numerous tourists. However, most tea-workers living in these areas have lower social profiles and, to some extent, are isolated from mainstream society. The tea-workers communities have diverse ethnic backgrounds, mainly from the neighbouring country - India and different parts of Bangladesh. Initially, within the Tea estates, they were settled in housings developed as 'labour lines', and later those areas were modified and expanded by the communities. There are issues related to space crisis, municipal services, and other amenities such as health care and education in their housing areas, but their settlement patterns have inherent traditional features crafted by the vernacular adaptations. This study aims to identify and analyse their settlement areas' ethnographic landscapes and understand the relationships between their housing morphology and socio-cultural beliefs. We have selected three different communities from the three (03) major tea estates, i.e. Lakkatura, Malnichara and Khadimnagar estate. We developed a conceptual framework incorporating principles from ethnographic landscape and spatial morphology. For ethnographic analysis, we have investigated the socio-cultural profiles (including ethnic origin, demography, financial status, community participation and socio-cultural activities), housing policies and vernacular techniques through field surveys and secondary sources. For morphological analysis, we have adopted McCartney, 2018's framework that helped characterise the study areas' spatial dimensions. Finally, we have developed a typological understanding from the combined approach that outlines the ethnographic landscape of the selected tea-workers communities in Sylhet. Cross-cultural investigations in future can further explore how ethnic landscape changes with migration movements and aid in the planning and policy-making of informal settlements.
First Successful Application of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis for Lethal Neonatal Rigidity and Multifocal Seizure Syndrome in Korea: A Case Report
Authors: Yeom Gyeong Eun , Jung Young Hwa , Kim Soo Yeon , Choi Sun Ah , Kim Hunmin , Choi Chang Won
Published: December 2022

Lethal neonatal rigidity and multifocal seizure syndrome (RMFSL) is a severe autosomal recessive epileptic encephalopathy characterized by rigidity, intractable multifocal seizures, microcephaly, apnea, and bradycardia immediately after birth. RMFSL is related to a mutation in breast cancer 1-associated ataxia telangiectasia mutated activation-1 protein (BRAT1). We report a case of a female infant born to non-consanguineous Korean parents who developed hypertonia, dysmorphic features, progressive encephalopathy with refractory seizures at birth, and worsening intermittent apnea, leading to intubation and death at 137 days of age. The initial repeated electroencephalographic findings were normal; however, a pattern of focal seizures emerged at 35 days of life. Rapid trio whole-exome sequencing revealed heterozygous mutations c.1313_1314delAG p.(Gln438Argfs*51) and c.1276C>T p. (Gln426*) in BRAT1. After genetic counseling for pregnancy planning, a preimplantation genetic diagnosis for targeted BRAT1 mutations was successfully performed, and a healthy baby was born. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a Korean patient with compound heterozygous mutations in BRAT1. An early and accurate genetic diagnosis can help provide timely treatment to patients and indicate the need for reproductive counseling for parents for family planning.
CURCUMIN IN SITU GEL FOR LOCAL TREATMENT OF PERIODONTITIS: PREPARATION, IN VITRO EVALUATION AND CLINICAL ASSESSMENT
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar - 752 050, Odisha, India, B. Samal Himansu , Boyeena Lavanya , Ch. Patra Niranjan , Sriram Sreenivas , J. Das Itishree
Published: December 2022

Periodontitis is one of the most widespread oral inflammatory infectious diseases affecting the oral cavity. This study aims to develop and characterize a more effective syringeable curcumin in situ gel for the treatment of periodontitis and evaluate its clinical effectiveness. Curcumin in situ gel was formulated by the cold method using temperature-sensitive (Poloxamer 188, 407), pH-sensitive (Carbopol 934P), and ion-sensitive (Gellan gum) polymers. Gel formulations including Poloxamer 407 and Carbopol 934P as independent factors for the selected response like viscosity and gelation temperature were optimized using central composite design (CCD). All the formulation evaluations were made to ascertain drug content, gelation temperature, viscosity, stability, and in vitro drug release. Appropriate physical characteristics for most formulations and their suitability for periodontitis were observed. Appropriate gelation temperature was found to range from 30.2 to 36.5 o C, with a pH of 6.14 to 7.25. The viscosity of the gel at 4 o C ranged from 12540 to 32400 centipoise. In all cases, the designed formulations were found to be successfully syringeable with a 21-gauge needle at cold temperature. Most of the formulations showed a greater correlation with the Higuchi equation, supporting the assumption that diffusion was the primary mechanism of drug release. Clinical study of the optimized gel formulation revealed a substantial reduction in the clinical markers of periodontitis. The study shows that curcumin in situ gel may be considered as a promising delivery mode for the safe and efficient treatment of periodontitis which substantially overcomes the drawbacks of conventional therapy.
Concomitant Heart Surgery with Pulmonary Hamartoma Resection: A Case Report
Authors: ORHAN Atilla , TANYELİ Ömer , GÖRMÜŞ Niyazi
Published: December 2022

Concomitant lesions of the heart and lung are rare, but when present, they pose a therapeutic challenge to surgeons. A combined procedure clears the need for a second major procedure, improving outcomes and providing economic benefits. However, cardiopulmonary bypass may adversely affect the natural history of pulmonary masses when malignancy is suspected. To avoid these suspects, off-pump techniques may be preferred in suitable patients.
This article presents a case of simultaneous off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and pulmonary hamartoma resection in a 53-year-old man who detected a lung mass during preoperative preparation.
A Rapid and Simple Method for DNA Preparation of Magnaporthe oryzae from Single Rice Blast Lesions for PCR-Based Molecular Analysis
Authors: Dong Liying , Liu Shufang , Li Jing , Tharreau Didier , Liu Pei , Tao Dayun , Yang Qinzhong
Published: December 2022

Rice blast is one of the most destructive diseases of rice worldwide, and the causative agent is the filamentous ascomycete Magnaporthe oryzae. With the successful cloning of more and more avirulence genes from M. oryzae, the direct extraction of M. oryzae genomic DNA from infected rice tissue would be useful alternative for rapid monitoring of changes of avirulence genes without isolation and cultivation of the pathogen. In this study, a fast, low-cost and reliable method for DNA preparation of M. oryzae from a small piece of infected single rice leaf or neck lesion was established. This single step method only required 10 min for DNA preparation and conventional chemical reagents commonly found in the laboratory. The AvrPik and AvrPi9 genes were successfully amplified with the prepared DNA. The expected DNA fragments from 570 bp to 1,139 bp could be amplified even three months after DNA preparation. This method was also suitable for DNA preparation from M. oryzae strains stored on the filter paper. All together these results indicate that the DNA preparation method established in this study is reliable, and could meet the basic needs for polymerase chain reaction-based analysis of M. oryzae.
New Education Model for Sri Lanka in Post Covid- 19 Pandemic Era
Authors: Wanigasekera I U , Wijayarathna Gamini
Published: December 2022

High quality education and promoting lifelong learning opportunities for all is among the sustainable development goals of the United Nations. This paper aims for New Education Model for Sri Lanka in Post Covid- 19 Pandemic Era to survive the Sri Lankan education. As a education model in pandemic era it has to be eLearning model. This is achieved adopting an object-oriented approach and Unified Modeling Language (UML). The functional and dynamic views of the system are presented and explained within this framework. The functional system includes Use Case diagrams and activity diagrams which are developed based on predefined functional requirements of the system. Furthermore, in the dynamic view of the system, interaction diagrams are developed and explained in detail. The proposed models are a step towards efficient implementation of a complete Education model for Sri Lanka in Post Covid- 19 Pandemic Era.
Impact of antioxidant therapy on antioxidant capacity in hypertensive patients
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Sadariya Bhavesh , Dave Unmesh
Published: December 2022

Background: Hypertension is consistently related to the development of ischemic heart disease, heart failure, stroke, and chronic kidney disease. Oxidative stress has been associated with mechanisms of hypertension which could be nullified by antioxidants such as Vitamin C and Vitamin E.

Aim and Objectives: The objectives of the study are as follows: (i) To estimate the impact of antioxidant therapy on antioxidant capacity in hypertensive patients; (ii) to measure serum levels of glutathione, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in hypertensive patients before and after giving them antioxidant therapy for 45 days.

Materials and Methods: Thirty randomly selected hypertensive patients were given Supradyn tablet once a day for 45 days. Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), SOD, GR, GPx, and reduced Glutathione assays were measured before and after the intervention therapy.

Results: Total antioxidant capacity as measured by serum FRAP in hypertensive patients before and after the therapy was increased significantly from 578.8 ± 60.85 to 592.1 ± 59.66 (μmol/L), respectively. The levels of SOD, GPx, GR, and Glutathione in hypertensive patients before giving antioxidant therapy were 1.6 ± 0.49 U/ml, 184.6 ± 17.1 μmol/L/min, 8.96 ± 1.15 μmol/L/min, and 8.03 ± 0.96 μmol/g of Hb, respectively. The same after giving them antioxidant therapy were 1.7 ± 0.46 U/ml, 182.4 ± 15.98 μmol/L/min, 8.83 ± 1.11 μmol/L/min, and 7.83 ± 0.94 μmol/g of Hb, respectively. The levels of GPx, GR, and Glutathione were significantly decreased after giving antioxidant therapy for 45 days while SOD level did not change significantly.

Conclusion: Antioxidant therapies for 45 days led to a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity as shown by plasma FRAP levels and a significant decrease in serum levels of enzymatic antioxidants such as GPx, GR and Glutathione in hypertensive patients. However, serum levels of SOD did not show a significant change.
Anti-inflammatory and healing activity of an hydroethanolic extract of Voacanga africana stapt ex Scoot-Elliot (Apocynaceae): In vivo model
Authors: Diagne Houndjo , Madieye S , Abdou Sarr , Saloum Coly , Mor Diaw , K Sow , Bintou Sar , Abdoulaye Samb
Published: December 2022

Background: The mastery and supervision of traditional medicine in our country, particularly Senegal, would be of capital importance for the population. We were interested in the physiological effects of Voacanga africana (VOC) extracts in wound healing and topical inflammation.

Aims and Objectives: This work was to evaluate the effects on inflammation and tissue repair of an hydroethanolic extract of V. africana.

Materials and Methods: Wounds were created from a rat burn model and wound healing was evaluated (Kamoshida method) topical inflammation in a murine model of croton oil-induced inflammatory edema. For each experiment, batches of rats or of a mouse were formed, and every batch included five animals.

Results: VOC’s 30% root bark ointment showed complete healing by day 16 for the burn test. As for inflammation, the 10% ointment inhibits 80% of the inflammatory edema in the same manner as indomethacin, used as the standard anti-inflammatory drug.

Conclusion: VOC could have dose-dependent effects on inflammation and burn healing.
Spiggens påverkan på rekryteringsområden för abborre och gädda i Östersjön
Authors: Bergström Ulf , Erlandsson Mårten
Published: December 2022

Storspigg har visat sig ha en negativ påverkan på rekryteringen av rovfiskar längs Östersjökusten, framför allt gädda och abborre, genom predation på ägg och larver. Detta leder till minskade rovfiskbestånd i kustzonen och en förlust av viktiga ekosystemfunktioner. I den här studien har vi kvantifierat omfattningen av denna störning med hjälp av rumslig och statistisk modellering där vi undersöker hur utbredning och abundans av rovfiskens reproduktionsområden förändrats över tid. I analyserna nyttjar vi data från de omfattande undersökningar av kustfiskens reproduktion längs ostkusten som gjorts med hjälp av tryckvåg från slutet av 1970-talet och framåt. Vi har tillämpat tre olika analysmetoder för att skatta förändringen i reproduktionsområden, i syfte att få en uppfattning om spannet i uppskattningarna. Vi har nyttjat två modeller från redan publicerade vetenskapliga artiklar, och även utvecklat en ny modell. Den ena av de två publicerade modellerna beskriver utvecklingen i täthet abborre och spigg över tid (Eriksson m fl 2021), medan den andra beskriver utvecklingen av ytor med rovfiskdominans (Eklöf m fl 2020). Den nyutvecklade modellen beskriver i sin tur förändringar i ytan lämpliga reproduktionsområden för abborre och gädda. De olika analyserna har i någon mån varierande geografisk täckning, som mest omfattande kuststräckan från norra Skåne län till södra Gävleborgs län. Sammantaget visar analyserna på betydande nedgångar i reproduktionen av abborre och gädda längs centrala Östersjökusten de senaste 30-40 åren. Resultaten visar att ytan fungerande reproduktionsområden för abborre och gädda minskat med i storleksordningen 40-65%, medan tätheten abborryngel kan ha minskat med så mycket som 80 %. Det är framför allt tidigare mycket produktiva rekryteringsområden för abborre och gädda längs öppna kuststräckor och i mellan- och ytterskärgårdar som gått förlorade. De tydliga sambanden mellan spigg och rekrytering av abborre och gädda indikerar att spiggen har varit en starkt bidragande orsak till nedgången, och framför allt att spiggen sannolikt blockerar en återkomst av abborre och gädda till områden där reproduktionen slagits ut. Förlusten av lokala rovfiskbestånd i skärgårdarna har en negativ påverkan inte bara på fisket, utan minskar även kustekosystemets förmåga att motstå de negativa effekterna av övergödning. En angelägen fråga för kommande forskning är att förstå mekanismerna bakom den dramatiska spiggökningen, och att identifiera metoder för att stärka reproduktionen och återetablera bestånd av abborre och gädda i de störda områdena.
AVRUPA İNSAN HAKLARI MAHKEMESİ KARARLARINDA NEFRET SÖYLEMİ İKİLEMİ: İFADE ÖZGÜRLÜĞÜ VE HAKKIN KÖTÜYE KULLANILMASI YASAĞI
Authors: TOPTAŞ Ece
Published: December 2022

Nefret söylemi, ifade özgürlüğü ile jus cogens nitelikte kabul edilen eşitlik ilkesi ve bunun uzantısı olan ayrımcılık yasağı arasında denge kurulmasını gerektiren söylemler olarak kabul edilir. Bu dengenin kurulması ise devletlerin nefret söylemini engellemeye yönelik birer aksiyon almalarıyla mümkün olacaktır. Ancak bu pozitif yükümlülüğün keyfi bir sınırlama sebebine dönüşmemesi ve demokratik toplumların temelinde yer alan ifade özgürlüğünün orantısız bir sınırlamaya tabi tutulmaması amacıyla söz konusu aksiyonların hukuka uygunluğunun denetlenmesi, hak ve özgürlüklerin korunması ihtiyacı ile birleşerek önem arz edecektir. İnsan haklarını düzenleyen uluslararası sözleşmeler, ahde vefa ilkesi uyarınca iç hukukta yol gösterici niteliğiyle taraf devletlerde ortak bir koruma anlayışının asgari düzeyde benimsenmesini sağlar. Bu nitelikteki uluslararası sözleşmelerden olan Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi Türkiye için bir ahde vefa sorumluluğu ötesinde, Anayasa’nın 90. maddesinin 5. fıkrası uyarınca bağlayıcı niteliktedir. Sözleşmenin yaşayan bir metin olmasını sağlayan denetim organı Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi ise verdiği kararlar ile Sözleşme içerisinde doğrudan yer almayan hak ve özgürlüklerin de kapsam içerisinde alınmasını sağlayabilmektedir. Çalışma konumuz olan nefret söylemini Sözleşme metninde doğrudan yasaklayan bir hüküm bulunmamakla birlikte, Mahkeme tarafından nefret söylemine yönelik kendisini sınırlayacak nitelikte bir tanım benimsemekten de kaçındığı görülmektedir. Gerek metin içerisinde gerekse Mahkeme içtihatlarında nefret söylemine yönelik sabit bir tanım veya standart bulunmaması, ifade özgürlüğüne nefret söylemi sebebiyle yapılan müdahalelerin incelenmesinde bir belirsizlik yaratmaktadır. İncelenen kararlarda görüldüğü üzere, Mahkeme belirli söylemlerin sarf edilmesini hakkın kötüye kullanılması yönüyle değerlendirerek 17. madde kapsamında ele almakta, bazı durumlarda ise ifade özgürlüğünün düzenlendiği 10. madde çerçevesinde bir değerlendirmeye tabi tutmaktadır. Hakkın kötüye kullanılması olarak düzenlenen Sözleşmenin 17. maddesi, ilgili başvuruyu değerlendirme aşamasında kabul edilmezlik kararı ile sonlandırması sebebiyle “giyotin etkisi” olarak da nitelendirilmektedir. İfadelerde herhangi bir içerik değerlendirilmesi yapılmadan, sadece sarf edilmiş olmalarıyla Sözleşmede güvence altına alınan değerleri ihlâl edecek nitelikte olduğuna kanaat getirilerek adeta nefret söylemi mağdurları arasında bir önem hiyerarşisi yaratan Mahkeme, demokratik toplumların hem sebebi hem de sonucu şeklinde bir önem atfettiği ifade özgürlüğüne bu şekilde belirsiz ve düşük bir koruma eşiği belirlemektedir. İçtihat bütünlüğünün yaratılarak ifade özgürlüğünün gereği gibi korunması amacıyla 17. madde uygulamasından vazgeçilerek, tüm ifadelerin bir bağlam incelemesine tabi tutulduğu 10. madde değerlendirmelerinin esas alınması gerekmektedir.
DEVLETE İSYAN SUÇU BAĞLAMINDA “KABAKÇI MUSTAFA” İSYANI YA DA “STATÜKO VE YENİ”NİN ÇATIŞMASI
Authors: YURTSEVEN Yilmaz
Published: December 2022

İsyan (Hadd-i Bağy), İslam-Osmanlı Ceza Hukuku terminolojisinde kendilerince haklı bir nedene dayanan bir grubun, meşru devlet otoritesine karşı güç kullanarak yönetimi ele geçirmeye çalışmasıdır. Tanımdan hareketle isyan suçu, meşru devlet otoritesine karşı silahlı güç kullanılarak topluca işlenen had suçlarından sayılmaktadır. Had suçları, suç tanımı ve suça uygulanacak yaptırımın bizzat kanunkoyucu (Şârî/Nass) tarafından öngörülmüş, kamu ve kişi haklarını ihlal eden ağır suçlar olarak kabul edilmiştir. Tanımdan da anlaşılacağı üzere bu suçun unsurları; meşru siyasal otoriteye karşı olması, topluca işlenmesi, kuvvet kullanılması, isyancıların kendilerince haklı bir nedenle kalkışmada bulunmalarıdır. Suçun tanımlanması hususunda İslam hukukçuları arasında ciddi görüş ayrılıkları söz konusu olmamakla birlikte, uygulanacak yaptırım konusunda farklı görüşler bulunmaktadır. Kuşkusuz görüş ayrılıklarının ortaya çıkması, suçun daha çok siyasi bir suç olması, birden fazla suç eylemini içinde barındırabilmesi ve temel kaynaklar olan Kur’an ve Sünnet’te suça ilişkin doğrudan bir hükmün bulunmaması ile ilgilidir.
Hadd-i Bağy kimi zaman isyancıların, kimi zaman siyasal otoritelerin istismarına açık alan bırakan karma nitelikli bir suçtur. İsyancılar açısından genellikle siyasal otoritenin zulme sapması, adaletten uzaklaşması, hukuku çiğnemesi gibi iddialar öne sürülmüştür. Kimi zaman siyasal otorite, kendisine muhalif olan kişi ya da toplum katmanlarını susturmak amacıyla isyan suçunu devreye sokmaktan çekinmemiştir. Ancak nedenleri ve sonuçları açısından incelendiğinde isyan suçu kuşkusuz sıradan ve adi bir suç olarak değerlendirilemez.
İslam Hukuku’nun en gelişmiş ve kapsamlı uygulama alanı olan Osmanlı Devleti’nde siyasal otorite birçok kez isyanlarla sarsılmıştır. Hatta kimi zaman bu isyanlar bizzat siyasal otoritenin kendisi olan padişahı tahtından indirmekle kalmamış, canlarına da mal olabilmiştir. Kuşkusuz bu kalkışmaların en önemlilerinden biri 1807’de Sultan III. Selim’e yönelik olan ve “Kabakçı Mustafa İsyanı” adıyla tarihe not edilen kalkışmadır. Söz konusu kalkışma yalnızca sultanı tahtından indirmekle kalmamış, hayatını da elinden almıştır. Adaletten, Şeriat’ten sapma, zulme yönelme iddialarıyla biçimlenmiş bu kalkışma Osmanlı-Türk modernleşme tarihinin önemli kırılma noktalarından biri olmuştur.
1807 Kabakçı İsyanı’nı hem Osmanlı Ceza Hukuku bağlamında hem siyasal otorite-merkez-çevre çatışması olarak siyasal anlamda incelemeye çalıştığımız bu bildiride temel amacımız, XIX. Yüzyıl Osmanlı-Türk modernleşmesinin hukuki, siyasi ve sosyolojik sorunlarını ortaya koyabilmektir.
Abstracts of the 3rd International Conference of TESOL & Education and VLTESOL2022
Authors: Editor In-chief
Published: December 2022

The 3rd ICTE & VLTESOL2022 was hosted by the Faculty of Foreign Languages, Van Lang University, from 02 to 03 December 2022 at 45 Nguyen Khac Nhu, Dist. 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. 

The Conference received more than 140 authors who submitted abstracts to the 3rd ICTE & VLTESOL2022. The authors come from 10 different countries, such as Indonesia (14), Russia (1), Malaysia (8), Canada (1), Nepal (1), Thailand (2), the United States (3), Japan (1), China (2), and Vietnam (107). 

The Conference was hybrid, in virtual mode for international delegates and offline for local & International representatives. 

The conference proceedings will be published in the ICTE Conference Proceedings (ISSN: 2834-0000), the International Journal of Language Instruction (ISSN: 2833-230X), and the International Journal of TESOL & Education (ISSN: 2768-4563)
La posición de los trabajadores en la impugnación de una transacción aprobada en ejecución de sentencia colectiva: ¿posibles perjudicados o partes? La interpretación del plazo de caducidad del artículo 67.2 de la LRJS.
Authors: Martínez Moya Juan
Published: December 2022

Los trabajadores que impugnan una transacción judicial en ejecución de sentencia colectiva no pueden ser considerados parte sino afectados o perjudicados. El procedimiento de impugnación viene establecido en el artículo 67 de la LRJS por remisión del apartado 5 del artículo 246.5 de la citada Ley. El plazo de caducidad plazo se contará desde que pudieran haber conocido el acuerdo de transacción.

Dans les cas où les travailleurs qui contestent une transaction judiciaire en exécution d'un jugement collectif ne peuvent pas être considérés comme partie mais plutôt affectés ou lésés. La procédure de contestation est établie à l'article 67 de la LRJS par référence au paragraphe 5 de l'article 246.5 de la loi précitée. Le délai d'expiration sera compté à partir du moment où ils auraient pu connaître l'accord de transaction.
A VIEW ON LEGAL RISK MANAGEMENT IN UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA (UITM)
Authors: SHUKOR AKBAR KAMARUDIN@ABDUL
Published: December 2022

Risk management is important in Malaysia. It is a policy of the Federal Government. This policy is adopted by all public universities including Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM). Risks faced by an organisation could be positive or negative. One important category of risk is the legal risk. Legal risk is important in Malaysia because it practises the rule of law. The rule of law is also applicable to UiTM. Legal risk has its own principles and they are applied in all public universities including UiTM. The university has its structure to manage legal risk. The structure involves the University Strategic Risk Management Council supported by the Risk Management Unit and also the Risk Management Committees of all Responsible Centres in the university. The structure also shows that UiTM is serious in legal risk management to help it achieves its visions and objectives. Based on the above statements, this article explains the basic principles of legal risk management and also legal risk management in the university. Under legal risk management, this article will look at the importance of the legal risk to the university by looking at its substantive and procedural aspects as well as appreciating some views of those involved in legal risk management from the unit.
MOTIVATION OF TOURISTS AS PUSH AND PULL FACTORS TO VISIT SELECTED CHURCHES IN BULACAN
Authors: DYVETTE C GENON , REMIE S GONZALES , JON NICOLE COLORADO , ESPLANADA DEOGRACIAS E
Published: December 2022

Different regions of the Philippines are regularly visited for relaxation purposes by travelers from all over the world based on previous study. In Bulacan, a province is known for its historical heritage, and you can see well-preserved examples of Philippine history from the past. The study focused on tourist motivation as a push and pull element for visiting specific churches in Bulacan. The study focused on tourist motivation as a push and pull element for visiting specific Bulacan churches. The data was collected from 100 tourists in Bulacan churches who were chosen at random to reflect the populace. The push-pull theory, which explains why tourists prefer one destination over another, was tested in this study. To fill in the study's research gaps, the researcher uses the expert ideas in developing the questionnaire. In this study, the researchers used the quantitative descriptive method. The descriptive research design refers to a set of research methods to investigate one or more variables that describe a group of people or a phenomenon. The survey was sent through various tourist Facebook groups. In addition, 100 visitors who visited the above churches in Bulacan were polled. Google Forms was used to disseminate the questionnaire. The findings of the study were beneficial to tourism students. It discussed the idea's pull and push, allowing them to determine tourist motives for visiting a specific location. This document provided students with the knowledge and a foundation for their studies. The paper's findings were used to determine tourist motivation for visiting Philippine places.
USERS’ EXPECTATION ON EAST COAST RAIL LINK (ECRL)
Authors: ZAINUDDIN NIZAMUDIN , DERAMAN NORITA , CHEOK LI QUN , CUI XIN HONG
Published: December 2022

This paper focuses on the role of the new East Coast Rail Links (ECRL) project in Malaysia and how it will improve logistics efficiency, economic development, and environmental friendliness to meet users' expectations. The ECRL project aims to enhance connectivity between East and West Coast regions to stimulate industrial, commercial, and tourism development. The ECRL is a large-scale and heavily constructed railroad construction project. ECRL has not been a smooth project, with the government proposing the program in 2016 and construction beginning in 2017. However, due to various factors, it was suspended in 2018 and continued with a new rail route in 2019. Users' expectations for ECRL are mainly to reduce traffic congestion problems on the road, reduce high road transport costs, reduce pollution to the environment, drive business development and promote employment in the surrounding areas along the route. Because all these problems are becoming severe in Malaysia now, we will study ECRL and collect data from the respondents to point out the users' expectations of ECRL in terms of improving logistics efficiency, economic development, and environmental friendliness. After analysing the data, our study concludes with the result that all three variables positively influence users' expectations of ECRL, which, as a new railroad in Malaysia, will play a crucial role in the future development of the East Coast of Malaysia and Malaysia as a whole.
CLONING, SEQUENCING AND IN SILICO ANALYSIS OF AN AMYLASE OF STREPTOCOCCUS LUTETIENSIS RB4 ISOLATED FROM BOVINE RUMEN
Authors: Ekiz Dilek Ozgun , Comlekcioglu Ugur , AYGAN Ashabil
Published: December 2022

Streptococcus lutetiensis RB4 was isolated from the rumen of beef cattle. An amylase gene from the isolate RB4 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli DH5α by using pGEMT-Easy vector system.  S. lutetiensis is a member of S. bovis / S. equinus complex.  Sequence characterization of the cloned gene AmySL displayed a 1640 bp long with an open reading frame coding 298 amino acids. AmySL has a molecular mass of 33.456 Da which was considerably smaller. The optimal pH and temparature for AmySL werepH 6.5 and 40oC, respectively. AmySL hydrolyzed starch to maltose and other oligosaccarides as the final products. Random coils (37.25%) and α-helix (34.23%) were dominated the secondary structure of AmySL. S. lutetiensis RB4 grouped together with S. macedanicus and S. pasterurianus according to phylogenetics analysis. This research identified some features of the amylase gene isolated from S. lutetiensis. Although S. bovis, which has an important place in amylolytic bacteria, is known to be an important factor in ruminal acidosis, the number of studies on the amylases of the SBSEC group is surprisingly low. Therefore, this study will add to our understanding of the enzymes belonging to the SBSEC complex involved in the breakdown of rumen starch.
“KELİME İLİŞKİLENDİRME TESTİ” İLE MUHASEBE ALGISININ TESPİTİ: LİSANS ÖĞRENCİLERİ ÜZERİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: DOĞAN Özlem
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Kelime İlişkilendirme Testi (KİT) tekniği ile lisans seviyesinde ilk kez“muhasebe” dersi alacak öğrencilerin bu dersle ilgili olarak bilişsel yapılarının belirlenmesidir.Araştırma İskenderun Teknik Üniversitesinde 2021-2022 Güz Dönemi’nde Havacılık Yönetimi veUluslararası İşletmecilik ve Ticaret bölümlerinde daha önce “Muhasebe” dersi almamış öğrencilerleyapılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilere “muhasebe” anahtar kavramı verilmiş ve akıllarına ilkgelen 10 kelime ve ilgili bir cümle yazmaları istenmiştir. Çalışmada KİT sonucu 187 kelime 993kez tekrar edilmiş ve toplam 93 cümleye ulaşılmıştır. Katılımcıların anahtar kavrama verdiklericevaplar incelendiğinde en fazla “para, hesap, gelir-gider, matematik, vergi, hesaplama” kelimelerinintekrar edildiği tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda öğrencilerin dersle ilgili olumlu- olumsuz önöğrenmelerinin tespiti için KİT kullanılabileceği ve bu sayede öğrencilerin derse ilgilerini artıracaköğrenme ortamlarının hazırlanmasına katkı sağlayacağı yorumu yapılmıştır.
Usage and Storage Patterns for PCM Oral Suspension during Consumption among Mothers in Aden City
Authors: Mohammed Olfat Saleh Ahmed , Yahya Abd Al-Rahman Alawi Bin , Alshakka Mohammed , Ibrahim Mohamed Izham Mohamed
Published: December 2022

In most families, medicines are stored for various reasons, including treating chronic or severe ailments. Therapeutic effectiveness of medicines can be affected by prolonged storage. This study evaluated the in-home usage and storage of paracetamol (PCM) oral suspension during consumption among Aden city mothers. A cross-sectional study was conducted during four months (January to April 2019) using the distributed questionnaire. Mothers who had no children were excluded. The survey included 430 mothers. About 305 (70.9%) mothers stored PCM suspension in the refrigerator, and 260 (60.5%) kept it in the outer carton. Nearly 194 (45.1%) mothers store liquid PCM until it expires, while 23.7% regard the physical features of medicine. Over 208 (65.1%) mothers used the manufacturer’s tools to withdraw the doses, however, 33 (7.7%) said syringes are easier to use. The study also found that although 242 (56.3%) users received medicine from a physician, 194 (45.1%) mothers did not get instructions on how to receive it from the practitioner. Only 97 mothers (22.6%) used PCM as an antipyretic and analgesic. Mothers are key persons in a household. However, they lack the knowledge of a common medicine used at home, such as PCM. Yemeni mothers’ knowledge and practice about the usage and storage of PCM suspensions were concerned. Public education and awareness programs are important for enhancing the rational use of medicines.
Earnings Management Cosmetics and Tricks: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Sultana Fatima , Siddiqui Muhammad Ayub , Kashif Muhammad , Hanif Muhammad Wasif , Kalsoom Sumia
Published: December 2022

This study aims to explore some new causes, motivational factors behind manipulation of earnings management and its controlling measures through qualitative research methods in Pakistani context. Traditionally, many studies have been carried out in this field by using quantitative version. To break the saturation and to explore and identify more versions related to earnings management, qualitative approach has been followed in this study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews from auditors, credit analysts, investors and academicians of accounting and analyzed using NVivo 10, software. Many quantitative studies have been conducted regarding the causes of earnings management; however, this novel study provides in-depth motivation behind earnings management, responsible entities for such manipulations and remedial actions in practical life by conducting interviews with most relevant bodies dealing with accounting statements. This study, in addition to traditional factors, has singled out the role of government and auditors, the attitude of managers and owners as the new entities responsible for earnings management. Reporting quality can be improved by having proper check and balance from government level, from the Security and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) and from auditors. Government and SECP can check whether the rules and regulations set for the companies are being implemented properly, and auditors can check whether companies are presenting their true picture to the outsiders. Additionally, the involvement of managers on the board should be reduced. Small sample size, time consuming semi-structured interviews, limited number of interviewees’ groups, non-availability of the experienced respondents and financial constraints in a qualitative study are a few leading limitations. The limitations may include the extent of the researchers’ bias, lack of comfort level for some respondents with the audio recording, but the authors have tried to maintain these limitations at the minimum possible level. Empirical studies can be conducted to scientifically investigate the extent of the relationship between these new entities and earnings management with more recommendations for stakeholders in the corporate sector in Pakistan and the economies with similar characteristics.
Penyuluhan Pentingnya Etika Dan Moral Pada Ramah Anak Kelurahan Cinere Depok
Authors: Rusmardiana Ana , Atikah Atikah
Published: December 2022

Ramah Anak yang terdapat di Kelurahan Gandul Cinere terdiri dari kalangan anak-anak hingga remaja yaitu dibawah usia 18 Tahun. Adanya Ramah Anak dimaksudkan sebagai perwujudkan dalam berkontribusi guna menjamin apa yang nerupakan hak-haknya sebagai anak. Namum demikian dimasa-masa usia tersebut mereka rentang akan pengaruh positif maupun negatif terutama dalam pergaulan, apalagi dengan perkembangan modernisasi dan perkembangan teknologi yang cukup pesat. Oleh karenanya perlu dimotivasi dan dingatkan akan arti dari moral sehingga mereka dapat menemukan jati dirinya dan dapat bersosialisasi kelak dalam kehidupan masyarakat yang lebih luas. Diperoleh dalam forum ini terlihat dari penghargan, prilaku dan tindakan  terhadap sesama anggota dan terhadap pengurus  pada saat diminta untuk mendemonstasikan maupun tanya jawab yang dijawab dengan sangat memuaskan.
Edukasi Cybercrime di SDN 2 Kadipiro Bantul DIY Menggunakan Participation Action Research
Authors: Hastono Tri , Ciptadi Prahenusa Wahyu
Published: December 2022

Pada era sekarang ini sangatlah mudah untuk mendapatan informasi. Informasi-informasi tersebut seolah-olah berseliweran disekitar kita. Kemudahan mendapat informasi secara realtime tersebut terwujud karena adanya internet. Internet tidak selalu memberikan dampak yang positif, namun terdapat pula dampak negatif, contohnya adalah kejahatan dunia maya (cybercrime). Tidak sedikit yang telah menjadi korban dari kejahatan dunia maya. Kejahatan dunia maya ini sangat berbahaya bagi kita, terlebih lagi bagi anak-anak yang belum cukup memiliki pengetahuan. Diperlukan pembekalan atau pendampingan mengenai kejahatan dunia maya agar generasi muda kita memiliki pengetahuan mengenai bahaya kejahatan dunia maya dan aman ketika berinternet. Model yang dipilih dalam pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah model Participation Action Research (PAR). Hasil dari pengabdian menunjukan terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan mengenai Cybercrime sebesar 72,02%.
PENERAPAN APLIKASI SISTEM STOK BARANG DAN KEUANGAN PADA APOTEK SANA FARMA SEMARANG
Authors: Priyadi Priyadi  , Diyas Adikrisna
Published: December 2022

The application of stock and financial systems in the world of health is needed today, especially interms of buying and selling is an important factor, because with an information system these activities canrun more effectively. Apotek Sana Farma which is located at Jalan Kedung Jati Number 26 Semarang is asupporting agency in terms of health services, especially accommodating the need for goods (drugs) thatare demanded to be fast and precise in serving consumers (patients). To achieve this goal, it is necessary toprepare human resources who are able to accommodate and adapt to the development of science andtechnology, by providing up to date information on health services, accommodating the need for drugs andfinancial information to those in need.In designing a multiuser-based stock and financial system application, research was previously carriedout using a system development life cycle (SDLC) approach. In the application of the stock and financialsystem, research objects, interviews and field research are used as the basis for system performance.Multiuser based stock and financial system application is designed using Visual Basic 6.0 programminglanguage and uses MySQL database.
MEMBUAT BLOG PRIBADI MENJADI WEBSITE BERITA ONLINE MENGGUNAKAN HTML DAN CSS
Authors: Sepriano Sepriano  , Melky Ardiyansa
Published: December 2022

Perkembangan teknologi sekarang ini khususnya sistem informasi berkembang dengan sangat pesat. Perkembangan teknologi internet sekarang ini lebih banyak berkembang ke arah user friendly, yang artinya semakin mempermudah pemakai dalam memahami serta menjalankan  fungsi internet tersebut. Begitu pula dengan website berita diamana pembuatannya bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebuah kabar berita terbaru yang memberikan sebuah informasi yang akurat dan terpercaya. Penggunaan blog pribadi ini akan mempermudah bagi para pembaca dalam menelusuri berita yang telah tersebar, dan para pembaca juga dapat mengetahui dari mana sumber yang akurat itu berasal. Dengan demikian penulis mencoba membuat dan menguraikan  tentang bagaimana membuat  sebuah  blog pribadi  sederhana  yang  user  friendly,  penulis mengintegrasikan  dengan  tempaltes  CSS/HTML  yang  penulis  download  melalui internet. Dalam intergrasi tersebut dilakukan dengan cara Export HTML menjadi PHP dan konfigurasi manual lainnya.
STRATEGI PEMASARAN DALAM PENINGKATAN PENJUALAN KERIPIK KELADI (STUDI KASUS: UD KARMINA KOTA SORONG)
Authors: Muh Haidir Hakim  , Aulia Saraswati  , Dian Ayu Zulfina
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: Faktor internal yang mempengaruhi Strategi Pemasaran Dalam Peningkatan Penjualan Keripik Keladi (Studi Kasus: UD Karmina Kota Sorong). Faktor internal dan eksternal yang mempengaruhi Strategi Pemasaran  Dalam Peningkatan Penjualan Keripik Keladi (Studi Kasus: UD Karmina Kota Sorong). Metode analisis penelitian ini dengan metode dekskritif kualitatif melalui studi kasus dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT.

Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Faktor internal dalam UD Karmina kekuatan meliputi harga kiripik keladi stabil dan kualitas produk baik. Adapun kelemahan meliputi kemasan yang masih kurang menarik dan masih memiliki ketergantungan keladi impor (luar sorong). Faktor eksternal dalam strategi pemasaran UD Karmina yakni dari segi peluang yaitu memiliki konsumen tetap dan ancamannya yaitu proses pengiriman bahan baku yang cukup lama serta adanya keladi yang membusuk.
STUDI KOMPARATIF PADA KINERJA KEUANGAN BANK PERKREDITAN RAKYAT (BPR) PADA MASA SEBELUM DAN SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Muhammad Rosidi  , Zaky Zakiyya
Published: December 2022

BPR Bank are one of the heroes in lending, especially to small people and also micro, small and medium enterprises or MSMEs. During this pandemic, the performance of BPR is one that needs to be highlighted and important. So in this study a comparison was made on activities before the pandemic and at the time of the Covid-19 pandemic for the financial or health performance of BPR. Meanwhile, in this study, qualitative and quantitative analysis was carried out. Several secondary documents were given which were analyzed in terms of LBR, BOPO and others. In this case, what is in the spotlight is the ability to pay credit which is indeed affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. In an effort to survive during this pandemic, BPR is expected to be able to transform from conventional to digitalization.