bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological and Microbiological Characteristics of Nosocomial Infections in the Neurosurgery Department
Authors: Jabłońska Renata , Bujewska Anna , Sokal Paweł
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in neurosurgery departments are a serious problem, especially for patients in severe clinical condition. A high risk of HAIs is associated with medical interventions in the CNS, and brain injury itself is a particularly strong predictor of nosocomial infections.
Aim. The aim of the study was to perform an epidemiological and microbiological analysis of the incidence of infections in the neurosurgery department.
Material and Methods. Retrospective analysis was performed on the records of patients hospitalised in the neurosurgery department between 2019 and 2022. There were 4,267 patients, among whom 114 infections were found in 69 patients. The collected material was analysed statistically.
Results. HAIs accounted for 1.6% of all hospitalised patients, occurring more frequently in men (42%). The infection incidence rate in 2019 was 3.7 and in 2022 — 2.5. The most commonly isolated pathogens were Enterobacterales. The most frequent diagnoses were respiratory tract infections (PN) — 24.56%, followed by bloodstream infections (BSI) — 20.18%, and surgical site infections (SSI) — 17% The percentage of PN (p=028) and SSI (p=0.027) infections decreased from year to year, and increased in BSI (p=0.022); statistically significant data. The mean for GCS differed significantly among patients with gastrointestinal infection (GI), p=0.021, and was highly statistically significant for BSI and PN, p<0.001. The mean for NRS 2002 differed significantly among patients with and without infection, p<0.05.
Conclusions. Nosocomial infections occur in a small percentage of hospitalised patients, some of whom have more than one nosocomial infection. There is a need for epidemiological surveillance and collaboration between infection control specialists and neurosurgery staff to optimise HAI prevention and control. (JNNN 2024;13(2):69–77)
Safe Approach to Frail Patients During the Surgical Process – a Systematic Review
Authors: García Anguas Mónica , Herranz Adeva Esperanza
Published: September 2024

The increasing percentage of the elderly population is a worldwide phenomenon that causes changes in the epidemiology of surgical patients, resulting in a growing number of frail patients who are more vulnerable to potential complications. Preoperative assessment must be comprehensive to correct reversible abnormalities and prevent adverse events. Establishing strategies and interventions aimed at mitigating risks and improving outcomes allows healthcare professionals to implement evidence-based practices to optimize patient safety. The aim of this manuscript is analyze the safety of frail patients during the perioperative process and describe strategies to reduce risks and improve outcomes. Literature review conducted across various databases (PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, etc.). Selection criteria included terms such as “perioperative care”, “frail elderly”, surgery, and “postoperative complications”. Boolean operators AND and OR were utilized. According to all the reviewed studies, geriatric patients undergoing surgery require special care along with a comprehensive preoperative assessment due to their vulnerability. Collaboration among a multidisciplinary team and the development of evidence-based protocols are crucial for maximizing safety. Proper anesthesia management, temperature regulation, optimization of fluid balance, and meticulous monitoring of vital signs, among other factors, are essential for ensuring patient safety. The elderly patient undergoing surgery presents unique characteristics that require special considerations to ensure comprehensive care tailored to their needs, reducing additional risk factors. It is important to consider their fragility and their capacity for recovery. (JNNN 2024;13(2):85–89)
Fecundity difference is related to the production of reproductive pheromones in rats
Authors: Yamada Toshiyuki , Ando Aya , Morita Ryusuke , Sako Ken-Ichi , Tsuchida Shigeki , Yamamoto Hiroyuki
Published: September 2024

In brief

Social and reproductive behaviors in mammals are regulated by pheromones. This study shows the possibility that male extraorbital lacrimal gland-derived pheromones are involved in reproductive efficiency in rats.

In rodents, male-derived pheromones play fundamental roles in reproduction. The Hirosaki hairless rat (HHR) is a mutant strain derived from the Sprague–Dawley rat (SDR). While investigating the natural mating between single males and females, (SDR♂ × SDR♀) or (HHR♂ × HHR♀), the HHRs showed higher fecundity than the SDRs; the mean period between mating and delivery was shorter, and every HHR pair gave birth, whereas approximately half of the SDR pairs gave birth in the 3 months of experimental testing. By changing partners between the HHRs and SDRs, (SDR♂ × HHR♀) or (HHR♂ × SDR♀), we attributed the fecundity difference to the males. However, no significant difference was observed in the litter size, the concentration, morphology, or motility of sperm in the cauda epididymis, or the testosterone concentration in the serum between the SDR and HHR males. When an SDR and HHR male were simultaneously mated with a single female, the HHR males always succeeded in leaving progeny. Therefore, we assumed that the reason for the fecundity difference was the difference in copulation efficiency and focused on male-derived pheromones that may induce reproductive behaviors in females. Whereas Darcin (MUP20), one of the pheromones produced in the liver, did not appear to be involved, the extraorbital lacrimal gland (ELG) was heavier in the HHR males and showed larger amounts of pheromones, namely exocrine gland-secreting peptide 1 (ESP1) and cystatin-related protein 1 (CRP1). These results suggest that the fecundity difference is due to the difference in amounts of ELG-derived pheromones.
Programa polimotor de capacidades coordinativas sobre la memoria de trabajo en escolares de Onzaga, Santander
Authors: Ramírez-Martínez Juan Diego , Triana-Reina Héctor Reynaldo
Published: September 2024

Gross motor development (GDM) and working memory (WM) are different skills that can activate similar brain areas, a duality that has not been studied in depth. Objective: to identify the effect of a multimotor program of coordinative abilities on WM in schoolchildren from a public educational institution. The quasi-experimental study of 2 arms (GI and CG) in 8 weeks was carried out in 40 schoolchildren of both sexes (8 to 11 years). DMG was measured with the T3js test and MT by Corsi cubes. The mean age was 9.67±0.95 years. A positive relationship was observed in the GI between DMG (T3js7) and MT (Spam 6) (McNemar =6109, p<0.05). The intervention of a multi-motor program of coordinative abilities in MT, identified that ball driving (T3js7) apparently presents a greater involvement in the memorization of series of cubes, which could be used as a strategy from Physical Education.
Do sport-specific demands lead to sensory-motor changes?
Authors: Leite Leandro Rafael , Drews Ricardo , Romero Clavijo Fabian Alberto , Silva Batista Marco Túlio , De Castro Teixeira Marcelo , Bruzi Alessandro Teodoro
Published: September 2024

The study investigated how sport-specific environmental demands influence reaction time. Fifty-six women were divided into groups by age (Adults and Children) and sport-specific sensory-motor demands (Volleyball, Track and Field, Control). The Reaction Time task measured sensorimotor performance, prompting participants to quickly respond to visual stimuli by pressing the corresponding key. Reaction time was evaluated under two conditions with varying stimuli counts. Adults outperformed children in reaction time regardless of sport or age group. However, no significant differences were observed between sports within each age group. Additionally, sport experience did not predict sensorimotor performance according to regression analysis. These findings suggest that age-related changes significantly impact sensorimotor performance, while sport-specific environmental demands and experience have limited influence under non-specific conditions.
BUSINESS CONDITIONS IN SARANSK BEFORE AND AFTER THE 2018 FIFA WORLD CUP
Authors: Маркин М.Е. , Вишнякова В.А.
Published: September 2024

В статье поднимается вопрос о том, как проведение крупного спор­тивного состязания в относительно небольшом региональном центре меняет деловую среду для локального бизнеса. Эмпирическим примером выступает Саранск, который в 2018 г. стал одним из городов - орга­низаторов чемпионата мира по футболу. Метод исследования заклю­чается в статистическом анализе и контент-анализе углубленных ин­тервью. Проведение этого спортивного мегасобытия привело к значи­тельным инфраструктурным трансформациям территории, изменению правил ведения бизнеса и формированию конкурентной ситуации на местных рынках. Исследовательские интервью с предпринимателями и статистические данные демонстрируют, что сферам туризма, разме­щения и общественного питания удалось получить выгоду от визита многочисленных иностранных гостей. В то же время долгосрочные пер­спективы можно связать скорее с развитием внутреннего туризма, нежели с соответствующими потоками из-за рубежа. К наследию чем­пионата мира по футболу относятся не только спортивные и прочие инфраструктурные объекты, но и ужесточение конкурентной среды для локального бизнеса. Особенно ярко это проявляется в сферах размеще­ния и розничной торговли. В них местные предприниматели в последние годы вынуждены конкурировать и с федеральными, и с зарубежными компаниями, многие из которых вышли на рынки Мордовии в преддверии проведения в Саранске рассматриваемого спортивного мегасобытия.

This paper explores how hosting a sports mega-event in a small regional center affects the business environment for local entrepreneurs. Saransk, the capital of Mordovia and one of the host cities for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, is chosen as the case study. The research methodology combines statistical analysis with content analysis of in-depth interviews. The sports mega-event in question led to infrastructural transformations, changes in institutional conditions for doing business, and creating a competitive environment in local markets. Interviews with entrepreneurs and statistical data reveal that the tourism, hotel, and restaurant sectors benefited from the influx of foreign guests. However, long-term prospects are more closely tied to domestic tourism rather than international visitors. Hosting the 2018 FIFA World Cup brought Saransk not only sports and other infrastructure facilities but also heightened competition for local businesses, particularly evident in the accommodation and retail sectors. In recent years, local entrepreneurs have had to compete with both national and international companies that entered the Mordovian market in preparation for the World Cup.
SIBERIAN RAILWAY PROJECTS AND TRANSPORT CHALLENGES IN TUVA: SYSTEM ANALYSIS OF POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Authors: Балакина Г.Ф. , Кибалов Е.Б. , Пятаев М.В. , Шибикин Д.Д.
Published: September 2024

В статье анализируются крупномасштабные проекты, в долгосроч­ной перспективе предполагающие создание «железнодорожной решет­ки» на территории Сибири и российского Дальнего Востока. В таком ракурсе рассматриваются меридиональные железнодорожные проек­ты, связывающие Республику Тыва с железнодорожной сетью России. Варианты являются детализацией идеи создания Евразийского транс­портного коридора, интегрирующего российские меридиональные эле­менты решетки не только с ее широтными элементами, но и с желез­нодорожной сетью Китая посредством выхода на транспортный кори­дор мегапроекта «Один пояс - один путь». Применительно к транс­портной проблеме Тывы интеграционный подход трактуется как не­обходимость обоснования вариантов использования ресурсов России в целом для осуществления железнодорожных проектов Тывы с точки зрения их общественной результативности - вклада в развитие транс­портной железнодорожной решетки России. В качестве вариантов ана­лизируются три проекта выхода через Монголию на железнодорожную сеть Китая. Эффективность вариантов понимается как сравнительная категория, призванная оценить достижение системы общероссийских стратегических целей разными железнодорожными проектами или их сочетаниями. Поддержка процедур оценки осуществляется програм­мными продуктами ASPER 3 и GlobalD, разработанными Институтом экономики и организации промышленного производства СО РАН и Сибир­ским государственным университетом путей сообщения Росжелдора.

The article analyzes large-scale projects aimed at establishing a grid-like rail network in Siberia and the Russian Far East, aligning with a global trend. It focuses on meridional railway projects connecting the Tyva Republic (Tuva) with the Russian railway system. These projects explore the concept of creating a Eurasian transport corridor, which not only integrates the meridional and latitudinal elements of Russia’s rail network but also connects with China’s one through access to the Belt and Road Initiative megaproject transport corridor. The integration approach to the Tuvan transport problem emphasizes justifying the use of Russia’s resources for implementing regional railway projects based on their visible social effectiveness in contributing to the deve­lopment of the Russian grid-like rail network. Three project connections through Mongolia to the Chinese railways are analyzed. The effectiveness of these options is assessed as a comparative category, evaluating the achi­evement of all-Russian strategy goals by different railway projects or their components. The study also supports the assessment procedures by software products ASPER 3 and GlobalD, jointly developed by the Institute of Eco­nomics and Industrial Engineering SB RAS and the Siberian Transport Uni­versity, Federal Agency for Rail Transport (Russia).
FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO AIR POLLUTION FROM STATIONARY SOURCES IN MUNICIPALITIES OF SIBERIAN REGIONS
Authors: Верченко Д.Ю. , Пыжев А.И. , Курбатова М.В.
Published: September 2024

Проблема загрязнения воздуха российских городов не утрачивает своей актуальности как один из важнейших вызовов социально-эконо­мического развития страны. В статье представлены результаты иссле­дования факторов загрязнения атмосферного воздуха от стационарных источников в муниципальных образованиях Сибирского федерального округа в 2008-2020 гг. С использованием эконометрического моделирова­ния панельных данных, в том числе с контролем возможной эндоген­ности, установлено положительное влияние объема отгруженной про­дукции и инвестиций в основной капитал на загрязнение атмосферного воздуха. Затраты на охрану окружающей среды на данном этапе раз­вития муниципальных образований не сопровождаются сокращением за­грязнений, что может свидетельствовать о дефицитах инвестиций в природоохранные мероприятия. Увеличение числа источников тепло­снабжения приводит к росту выбросов в атмосферный воздух от ста­ционарных источников. Выявлен разрыв в загрязнении между терри­ториями с разными типами преобладающих производств; установлена различная степень влияния указанных факторов в зависимости от типа и отраслевой специализации муниципального образования. Развитие исследований социально-экономических причин загрязнения атмосферного воздуха на муниципальном уровне необходимо для форми­рования эффективных стратегий оптимизации выбросов загрязняющих веществ в рамках государственной экологической политики.

The issue of air pollution in Russian cities remains a significant challenge for the country’s socio-economic development. This article presents the results of a study on the factors contributing to atmospheric air pollution from sta­tionary sources in municipalities of the Siberian Federal District from 2008 to the 2020s. Through econometric modeling of panel data, including control for potential endogeneity, we establish that the volume of shipped products and investment in fixed capital positively impact atmospheric air pollution. At this stage of municipal development, expenditures on environmental protection do not correlate with a reduction in pollution, suggesting a deficit in investment in environmental protection measures. An increase in the number of heat supply sources leads to higher emissions from stationary sources. The study reveals a gap in pollution levels between areas with different predominant industries and finds varying degrees of influence of these factors depending on the type and sectoral specialization of the municipality. Further research on the socio-economic causes of atmospheric air pollu­tion at the municipal level is necessary to draft effective strategies for opti­mizing pollutant emissions as part of state environmental policy.
Response of black pine (Pinus nigra) in southwestern Anatolia to climate change
Authors: Acarer Ahmet
Published: September 2024

Global climate change is one of the most critical challenges facing natural ecosystems. As sedentary organisms, plant communities are especially vulnerable, with climate change significantly impacting their development, productivity, and distribution. This study focuses on modelling and mapping the potential distribution of black pine (Pinus nigra) within the Antalya Regional Forest Directorate under the SSP1 2.6 climate scenario for the years 2040, 2060, 2080, and 2100. The MaxEnt modelling method, combined with the HadGEM3-GC31-LL climate model from WorldClim, was used to assess the impact of climate change on black pine. The current distribution model results showed “good” predictive performance, with AUC values of 0.855 for training data and 0.851 for testing data. Key variables influencing the model included precipitation during the wettest quarter, annual precipitation, maximum temperature of the warmest month, and elevation. Projections indicate that the black pine’s distribution will shrink by 2040, become increasingly fragmented by 2060, and decline further by 2080, with near-total disappearance by 2100. In conclusion, this study highlights the urgent need for adaptive management strategies to address the effects of climate change on black pine forests.
Physical and mechanical properties of fiberboard produced with shredded waste office paper
Authors: Engin Merve , Konukcu Arif Caglar
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the effects of shredded waste office paper as a raw material on the physical and mechanical properties of fiberboard. Two amounts of urea formaldehyde (UF) resin (10 and 15%) and five shredded waste office paper/wood fiber mixing ratios (0/100, 25/75, 50/50, 75/25, and 100/0) were selected. The findings showed that all characteristics of boards were improved with an increase in resin content at various wastepaper participation ratios. The 15% UF-bonded board with 100% wood fiber had the highest modulus of rupture (MOR) value, but there was no statistically significant difference between it and the board with 50% wastepaper. The modulus of elasticity (MOE) values of the 15% UF-bonded boards increased as the wastepaper participation ratio increased, and the highest was obtained from the board with 75% wastepaper. The highest internal bond (IB) strength value was also recorded from the 15% UF-bonded board with 50% wastepaper. This was due to the presence of sufficient bonding potential and smoother surfaces in the shredded wastepaper, which allowed for a synergistic interaction between the wastepaper and wood fiber.
Apskaitos specialisto kompetencijų formavimas: keliami reikalavimai ir iššūkiai
Authors: Kazlauskaitė Agnė
Published: September 2024

Accounting specialists play an essential role in ensuring the company's financial stability and legality, so their level of competence directly affects the efficiency and success of the company's operations. In this labor market, accounting specialists must have mastered not only technical knowledge, such as preparation of financial reports and tax calculations, but also be familiar with the latest technologies and information systems. Analytical skills, problem-solving ability, and adherence to ethical behavior are also emphasized. The challenges in the labor market are the continuous improvement of technology, so accounting specialists must adapt to automation processes and be able to effectively use new digital tools. In addition, as the legal environment changes and regulations become more stringent, it is necessary to constantly update knowledge. In this context, continuous training and professional development become especially important in order to ensure a high level of professionalism. This work analyzes how accounting specialists can shape their competence in a way that meets the needs of today's market, what requirements are placed on them, and what challenges they face in order to remain competitive and professional in their field. The purpose of the study was to determine the most important competencies and requirements, problems, and challenges of accounting specialists. Research methods: the analysis of scientific literature used for the work, the method of analyzing job advertisements, expert interviews, information comparison, systematization, and summarization.
МУЛЬТИЛІНГВАЛЬНЕ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ КОНЦЕПТУ «WОRK»
Authors: Anisimova Alla , Mayevska Katerina
Published: September 2024

У статті розглядається концепт як мінімальна структурна одиниця знання, що сприймається науковою думкою як магістральна лінія, та його належність до свідомості людини як глобальної одиниці розумової діяльності. Паралельно аналізується вербальність концепту «WORK» в українській та англійській мовах. Показано, що концепт «WORK» має універсальні та специфічні характеристики в українській та англійській мовах. Дослідження концепту «WORK» визначає його особливі характеристики. Ми виокремлюємо РОБОТУ як філософську категорію, як вид діяльності, як характеристики якості людини, що відбувається через роботу як лінгвокогнітивний феномен. Аналіз прислів›їв та приказок в англійській та українській мовах є важливим аспектом дослідження.Прислів›я та приказки відображають різні аспекти мовної та мовленнєвої діяльності концепту «WORK» й ставлення людей до неї. Вони вказують на якість роботи та ставлення до неї. Для концепту «WORK» характерні мультилінгвальні особливості кожного носія мови.
Modelling of a Best Practice in an Inclusive School in Almaty, Kazakhstan. Inclusive Education Model of the Centre for Social Inclusive Programmes
Authors: Boneva Iva
Published: September 2024

This research presents the results of modelling of the Insight school inclusive model, describing how it is constituted with the possibility to transfer it to other schools. The study includes a description of the innovative Insight School in Almaty, Kazahkstan with their lessons learned during implementation of inclusive practices. The model consists of six pillars, each of which is important for a school to be called inclusive. Each pillar (direction) has 3 to 5 key indicators, the fulfilment of which is the basis for successful inclusion in the school. The six pillars are interconnected and visualized. The model is firmly based on the Kazakh state regulations and is permeated by what inclusion is not possible without - the culture of the school, i.e. the attitudes of the management, teachers, students, the way of life and the atmosphere in the school during lessons and in leisure time.
Modern Teachers, Parents and Children's Play: One of the Possibilities of Involving Parents and Strengthening Partnerships
Authors: Milanović Nedeljko
Published: September 2024

With this paper, we want to look at the opinions and engagement of teachers in the context of the children’s play, as one of the possibilities of involving parents and strengthening the partnership between family and school. Therefore, the goal of the research is directed towards examining opinions and engaging teachers in the context of children's play, as one of the possibilities of involving parents and strengthening the partnership between family and school. A descriptive method, surveying and scaling techniques were used, while a survey questionnaire with an assessment scale (TP-IP-2024) was used as an instrument. A total of two hundred and thirteen teachers from the Republic of Serbia participated. The results of this research indicate that modern teachers are not highly engaged and dedicated when it comes to pointing out to parents the characteristics and strengths of children's play in the development of children through various forms of cooperation with parents. Also, modern teachers do not pay attention to the involvement of parents in volunteer and play-related thematic activities, but teachers recognize the possibility of involving parents in play-themed volunteer activities. It is clear that modern teachers are not sufficiently dedicated and engaged to this topic through the involvement of parents, which implies a more thorough and comprehensive consideration of this topic.
The Cross and Our Calling
Authors: Zietsma David , Benbow Nicole
Published: September 2024

Redeemer University is a Canadian Christian university located in Ancaster, Ontario. Founded in 1983 in the Reformed Christian tradition, Redeemer’s mission is to prepare students to join Christ in his redemptive work through their careers and callings, while also fostering faculty research and scholarship in every discipline from a Christian perspective. Over the past forty years, Redeemer has evolved from a small college with limited degree granting authority to a full university offering a variety of programs including a B.A., B.Sc., B.Ed., B.B.A., B.Kin., and B. Comms. Redeemer currently faces challenges stemming from a post-Christian Canadian culture and the impact it has had on widespread individual belief in the psychological self as the ultimate source for personal identity and understanding. The changing higher education marketplace also contains a proliferation of degree granting institutions, and students are increasingly seeking clear and direct pathways to careers, making institutions like Redeemer with traditional degree nomenclature to appear less relevant and desirable. However, some of these challenges also present opportunities. Post-Christian culture also means that more Christians desire a unique, faith-based higher education institution, as it becomes more difficult to express faith in public spaces.
Seeing All Things in Relation to God
Authors: Husbands Mark
Published: September 2024

This essay argues that a theology of the intellect is key to understanding the being and calling of a Christian University. It seeks to provide an understanding of the unique foundation and shape of Christian learning by showing that the intellect is a divine gift. Christian thinking and scholarship begins with the mystery of the triune God because the principal object of Christian thinking is the triune God and God’s action in and through Christ. Setting the intellect within the history of God’s reconciliation of all things in Christ lays bare the underlying rationale for Trinity Western University’s guiding vision: “every graduate is equipped to think truthfully, act justly, and live faithfully for the good of the world and the glory of God.”
Engaging Islam
Authors: Bellitto Christopher M
Published: September 2024

What was the proper approach to countering Islam in the late Middle Ages? If Islam was seen as a Christian heresy in accordance with a common medieval interpretation, the church’s battle against Muslims was seen in ad intra terms. If Islam was treated as a separate religion, an ad extra approach followed. In either case, would unity and peace be best achieved via negotiations or force, particularly around 1453 when Constantinople fell to Muslim forces? We begin with Nicholas of Cusa and Juan de Segovia, then turn to Tommaso Giustiniani and Vincenzo Querini in their Libellus and Leonem decem (1513). They pushed the Medici pope to counter Islam using language of the just war tradition because they saw Muslims as apostate Christians. Considering these three approaches side by side, we witness Christian leaders wrestling with religious, political, and military considerations in deciding how best to counter the Islamic advance during a crucial half-century.
Clinical, ultrasonographic and pathological aspects of iatrogenic thrombophlebitis in a mare - case report
Authors: Serruya A. , Barbosa C.C. , Ferreira T.T.A. , Teixeira P.P.M. , Barbosa J.D.
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT A 7-year-old quarter horse mare showed swelling of the tongue, head and neck region, dyspnea, and red urine after eight days of administration of intravenous medications by the animal's handler. The horse was referred to the University Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Pará and, at the clinical examination, showed apathy, edema in the head, neck, and tongue region, which was slightly cyanotic and with loss of epithelium in the dorsal region. The maxillary, linguofacial and external jugular veins were bilaterally engorged, firm to palpation and with cord-shaped appearance, with extension of the head to the entrance to the thoracic cavity. Ultrasound examination showed a thrombi with a hyperechoic and heterogeneous appearance that completely obstructed the vessel. The horse died five days after entering the Hospital and at necropsy it was observed: maxillary, linguofacial and external jugular veins bilaterally filled with firm, dark red to blackish thrombi; ulcerated areas in the final third of the esophagus and the stomach; lighter areas on the surface of the kidneys and dark areas at the corticomedullary junction. Based on clinical, ultrasonographic and necropsy findings, iatrogenic thrombophlebitis was diagnosed, associated with repeated injections of drugs administered intravenously.
Attitude towards the healthy eating: Is it effective in diagnosis of COVID-19?
Authors: Yılmaz Hacı Ömer , Meriç Çağdaş Salih , Özgür Mustafa
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT Objective Healthy nutritional habits play a critical role in preventing many diseases, including infectious diseases. This study was planned and conducted to determine the protective measures, changes in eating habits, attitudes towards healthy nutrition of participants diagnosed with COVID-19 in during the pandemic. Methods 873 university students included in the cross-sectional study. A web-based questionnaire was conducted to gather information about demographics, COVID-19 protective measures, eating habits and Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition to assess attitudes and thoughts about healthy eating among university students. Results The majority (63.9%) of the participants were not diagnosed with COVID-19. Although both groups paid similar attention to COVID-19 measures, diagnosed participants reported increased consumption of fruits, vegetables, eggs and nuts more than those undiagnosed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Undiagnosed participants had significantly higher scores for emotion related to nutrition, malnutrition and general health compared to diagnosed participants (p<0.05). An inverse and significant association was observed between the Attitude Scale Healthy Nutrition score and the COVID-19 diagnosis status. After full adjustments, participants in the high group of Attitude Scale Healthy Nutrition score group had lower odds of being diagnosed COVID-19 (Odds ratio: 0.80, 95% confidence interval: 0.53-1.19), than those in the low group. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has caused changes in the eating habits of individuals. Whether or not to be diagnosed was observed as an effective factor in these changes. This study suggests that healthy eating habits and attitude towards healthy nutrition may be associated with the status of diagnosed COVID-19.
PARASITÓIDES DE DIPTERA ASSOCIADOS COM FEZES DE GADO BOVINO COLETADAS EM PASTAGENS E CURRAIS
Authors: Marchiori C.H. , Teixeira F.F. , Silva C.G. , Vieira C.I.S.
Published: September 2024

RESUMO Realizou-se um estudo sobre os parasitóides associados às fezes bovinas. O objetivo das amostras foi verificar a freqüência dos parasitóides considerados importantes no controle de Diptera. Dez placas fecais bovinas foram coletadas aleatoriamente, a cada mês, com quinze dias de idade, colocadas em recipientes plásticos e levadas ao laboratório. Os parasitóides foram obtidos pelo método de flutuação em água. Observou-se que as fezes coletadas nas pastagens apresentaram um maior número de indivíduos e uma maior diversidade de espécies. As espécies de Eucoilinae e Spalangia podem ser consideradas os mais importantes inimigos naturais de Diptera coletados em fezes bovinas expostas nas pastagens e nos currais.
SOROPOSITIVIDADE PARA LEPTOSPIROSE EM ALPACAS CRIADAS NO ALTIPLANO PERUANO. PUNO, PERU. ANÁLISE DE ASSOCIAÇÃO COM O ÍNDICE PLUVIOMÉTRICO
Authors: Carpio J.P. Herrera , Vasconcellos S.A. , Morais Z.M. , Ferreira F. , Sakamoto S.M. , Ferreira Neto J.S. , Pinheiro S.R.
Published: September 2024

RESUMO Alpacas (Lama pacos) criadas em Puno, Altiplano Peruano, América do Sul, foram submetidas ao exame de soroaglutinação microscópica aplicada ao diagnóstico da leptospirose frente a uma coleção de antígenos contendo 24 variantes sorológicas de leptospiras (australis, bratislava, autumnalis, butembo, castellonis, bataviae, canicola, whitcombi, cynopteri, grippotyphosa, hebdomadis, copenhageni, icterohaemorrhagiae, javanica, panama, pomona, pyrogenes, hardjo, wolffi, shermani, tarassovi, sentot, andamana e patoc). No período de dezembro de 1993 a agosto de 1994, foram trabalhadas quatro propriedades: Huanacamaya, INIA, Carolina e La Raia, com duas colheitas de sangue: chuvas (dezembro 93/ janeiro 94); secas (julho/agosto de 1994). No período de dezembro de 94 a janeiro de 1996, foram realizadas três colheitas na propriedade de Huanacamaya. Do total de 810 amostras de soros examinadas houve 53 reações positivas (6,54%) frente a sete variantes sorológicas: butembo, cynopteri, hebdomadis, icterohaemorrhagiae, shermani, patoc e pomona. Destas a pomona foi a mais freqüente (79, 24%). Não houve diferença das proporções de sororeatores entre as fazendas Huanacamaya, INIA e La Raia, tanto para a colheita de dez93/jan94 (chuvas) quanto para a de jul94/ ago94 (seca) (p>0,05). Para estas três últimas fazendas foi observada uma diminuição da proporção de soropositivos quando comparados os resultados da colheita de dez93/jan94 (chuvas) com os de jul94/ ago94 (seca) (Huanacamaya: p<0,001; INIA: p<0,001 e La Raia: p=0,02).
EXTIRPAÇÃO CIRÚRGICA DOS ABSCESSOS DA LINFADENITE CASEOSA EM CAPRINOS
Authors: Nozaki C.N. , Faria M.A.R. , Machado T.M.M.
Published: September 2024

RESUMO Trinta cabras fêmeas, adultas, mestiças das raças Alpina e Toggenbourg, com idade entre 1 à 4 anos e vivendo em confinamento, foram submetidas à extirpação cirúrgica do linfonodo afetado pela linfadenite caseosa, antes que ele viesse a dreno, visando unicamente o controle da contaminação ambiental. A cirurgia foi levada a termo com êxito em 24 casos (80%). Ocorreram quatro casos (13%) de extravasamento do conteúdo dos abscessos durante a cirurgia e morte de um animal devido à acidente anestésico. Houve complicação pós-operatória com abertura do tecido ao redor dos pontos em um animal. A prática cirúrgica deve ser recomendada quando se tem poucos animais afetados num rebanho e com os abscessos em estágio adequado de desenvolvimento.
FLUTUAÇÃO POPULACIONAL DAS ESPÉCIES DE OPHYRA ROBINEAU-DESVOIDY (DIPTERA, MUSCIDAE, AZELIINAE), EM PELOTAS, RS
Authors: Ribeiro P.B. , Carvalho C.J.B. , Pinto L. , Silveira Jr. P.
Published: September 2024

RESUMO Com o objetivo de conhecer as espécies de Ophyra que ocorrem em Pelotas, bem como estimar a flutuação populacional destas espécies, foram instaladas três armadilhas orientadas pelo vento (W.O.T. = Wind Oriented Trap), no Campus da Universidade Federal de Pelotas. As armadilhas foram instaladas com fígado bovino em decomposição como atrativo, durante os três anos do experimento. Foram capturados 132.466 dípteros, sendo que 5.607 (4,23%) pertenciam ao gênero Ophyra representado pelas espécies O. aenescens; O. albuquerquei; O. chalcogaster e O. solitaria, com freqüências de captura de 1,59%; 2,15%; 0,45% e 0,04%, respectivamente. Constatou-se que, nos meses com temperatura média mensal inferior a 15,4oC, não houve captura de Ophyra ou a população foi muito reduzida. Durante o período experimental a densidade relativa, mensal e anual, das espécies de Ophyra apresentaram variações estatisticamente significativas, o que também ocorreu com o modelo populacional anual.
CONTROLE DE HETEROTERMES TENUIS (HAGEN) (ISOPTERA: RHINOTERMITIDAE) E CORNITERMES CUMULANS (KOLLAR) (ISOPTERA: TERMITIDAE) COM INSETICIDA FIPRONIL ASSOCIADO AO FUNGO ENTOMOPATOGÊNICO BEAUVERIA BASSIANA (BALS.) VUILL. EM ISCA ATRATIVA NA CULTURA DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR (SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM L.)
Authors: Almeida J.E. M. , Alves S.B. , Almeida L. C.
Published: September 2024

RESUMO O objetivo desse trabalho foi estudar o controle de Heterotermes tenuis (Hagen) e Cornitermes cumulans (Kollar), utilizando a armadilha Termitrap com o fungo entomopatogênico Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill., isolado 634 de Solenopsis invicta (F. Smith) em associação com o inseticida Fipronil em cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.). O experimento foi realizado no canavial da Usina da Pedra, no Município de Altinópolis, SP, na Fazenda Alvorada. Foram instaladas 407 iscas de monitoramento para a localização de focos dos cupins. Após 30 dias, as iscas de monitoramento foram avaliadas e instalou-se os seguintes tratamentos: Fipronil 0,003% + B. bassiana; Fipronil 0,003%; Fipronil 0,001%; Fipronil 0,01%, B. bassiana e Testemunha. Os tratamentos foram repetidos quatro vezes. As avaliações das parcelas foram realizadas aos 30, 60 e 90 dias após a instalação. Verificou-se que para a espécie C. cumulans, os tratamentos em geral causaram uma diminuição da população, porém ela foi mais significativa aos 90 dias, no tratamento Fipronil 0,01%, onde a concentração do inseticida foi maior, mas não repelente, já que houve visitação e danos nas iscas tratadas. A média das notas da população de H. tenuis foi maior aos 30, 60 e 90 dias no tratamento Testemunha. No tratamento E - B. bassiana, notou-se um decréscimo dos 30 para os 60 dias e um pequeno aumento da média decorridos 90 dias. Nos tratamentos Fipronil 0,001% e Fipronil 0,01% ocorreu somente uma pequena população aos 60 dias. No tratamento Fipronil 0,003% observouse a eliminação total da população somente depois de 90 dias e no tratamento Fipronil 0,003% + B. bassiana a média das notas da população foi zero nas três avaliações.
BIOLOGIA REPRODUTIVA DE COTESIA FLAVIPES (CAMERON) (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) V. AVALIAÇÃO DO NÚMERO DE POSTURAS, PROLE E RAZÃO SEXUAL DO PARASITÓIDE EM RELAÇÃO AO TAMANHO DO HOSPEDEIRO DIATRAEA SACCHARALIS FABRICIUS (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)
Authors: Campos-Farinha A. E. de C. , Chaud-Netto J.
Published: September 2024

RESUMO Lagartas de Diatraea saccharalis Fabricius de 3o a 5o ínstares foram confinadas, individualmente, com fêmeas de Cotesia flavipes (Cameron). O peso das lagartas parasitadas e o número de posturas realizadas foram anotados. Foram também registrados o número de parasitóides emergidos e a razão sexual. O número de posturas feitas pelas fêmeas do parasitóide não variaram de acordo com a idade do hospedeiro, porém o número de descendentes foi maior nas lagartas mais pesadas. Nos três ínstares, a razão sexual tendeu para as fêmeas principalmente quando receberam uma, duas e quatro posturas. Embora lagartas superparasitadas geralmente dêem origem proporcionalmente a mais machos, mais fêmeas foram produzidas quando ocorreu o auto-superparasitismo, o que sugere que as fêmeas parasitóides não sejam capazes de distinguir as lagartas anteriormente parasitadas por elas mesmas.
LEPIDOPHTHIRUS MACRORHINI (ANOPLURA: ECHINOPHTHIRIDAE) EM ELEFANTE-MARINHO DO SUL (MIROUNGA LEONINA) NA ILHA ELEFANTE (SHETLANDS DO SUL - ANTÁRTICA)
Authors: Becker G.K. , Robaldo R.B. , Bianchini A. , Colares E.P. , Martinez P.E. , Muelbert M.M. , Brum J.G.W.
Published: September 2024

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar a ocorrência do parasitismo por Lepidophthirus macrorhini (Anoplura) em elefantes-marinhos do sul (Mirounga leonina) na Ilha Elefante (Shetlands do Sul, Antártica). Este relato caracteriza a primeira citação deste piolho na Península Antártica.
EPICAUTA ATOMARIA (GERM.) (COLEOPTERA, MELOIDAE), PRIMEIRO REGISTRO DE OCORRÊNCIA EM POMARES DE MARACUJÁ (PASSIFLORA EDULIS VAR. FLAVICARPA, DEGENER) NA REGIÃO OESTE DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Rodrigues Netto S.M. , Guilhem D.J.
Published: September 2024

RESUMO Assinala-se a ocorrência de Epicauta atomaria (Germ.) (Coleoptera: Meloidae) em cultura de maracujá (Passiflora edulis var. flavicarpa, Degener) nos campos experimentais do Instituto Biológico localizados na região oeste do Estado de São Paulo, a partir do ano agrícola 96/97. Danos causados ao desenvolvimento vegetativo das plantas e as perdas obtidas pelos produtores são descritas.
AGRESSÃO POR MICRORGANISMOS DA MICROBIOTA ENDÓGENA
Authors: Souza C.A.I. , Scarcelli E.
Published: September 2024

RESUMO O isolamento de microrganismos da microbiota endógena, geralmente considerados de pouca virulência, de sítios de infecções graves, alerta para o fato de que estes microrganismos não podem ser desprezados automaticamente como contaminantes. Ao contrário, é possível que tenham grande importância clínica, particularmente em indivíduos de alto risco. Falhas ao excluir a microbiota normal durante os procedimentos de colheita da amostra clínica podem levar à necessidade de maior tempo para a análise, ou ao fornecimento de dados inacurados ao clínico. Por outro lado, o transporte impróprio pode levar à perda da viabilidade de certos microrganismos que não serão isolados, ou o serão em pequeno número, podendo ser considerados relativamente pouco importantes. A importância relativa de diferentes microrganismos numa infecção mista deve ser julgada com base no número relativo de cada cepa isolada, presença em cultura pura, presença na corrente sangüínea ou persistência em repetidas culturas. Outro fator importante é avaliar o impacto dos antimicrobianos sobre a microbiota normal, considerando-se que agentes que produzem menor distúrbio sobre a microbiota indígena são menos suscetíveis de levar a uma superinfecção. Conclui-se assim que a tradicional diferença entre microrganismos patogênicos e não patogênicos, ou entre virulentos e avirulentos, está se tornando cada vez menos significante.
Representações Sociais sobre Ser Mulher na Sociedade Contemporânea
Authors: Teixeira Aline do Amaral , Silva Ana Caroline Dias da , Antunes Maria Cristina , Polli Gislei Mocelin
Published: September 2024

Resumo: Este artigo apresenta uma análise das representações sociais que englobam a visão do ser mulher na sociedade contemporânea, acompanhada de reflexões sobre o que o gênero feminino implica nas relações sociais e culturais. Partindo da teoria das representações sociais, buscou-se entender como mulheres compreendem o significado de “ser mulher” no meio em que se encontram. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada, aplicada a um grupo de 25 mulheres de diferentes classificações etárias, socioeconômicas e sociais, com foco em questões sobre o que é ser mulher para cada uma delas, e se elas sentem-se prejudicadas em alguma situação pelo fato de pertencerem a esse grupo. Foi possível observar, a partir dos resultados, que se formaram dois grupos, representantes de uma dualidade compartilhada pela maioria das participantes, sendo de um lado ressaltadas as características da mulher tradicional, e do outro a mulher guerreira e as dificuldades vivenciadas no cotidiano de uma sociedade ainda regida pelas noções tradicionais de gênero.
Avaliação Psicométrica da Escala de Histórico de Dificuldade de Leitura para Adultos
Authors: Mota Márcia Maria Peruzzi Elia da , Sousa Rafael Rossi de , Albuquerque Laudelina Pontes , Zaroni Mariana Haido de Carvalho , Souza Andreia Pereira de , Valentini Felipe
Published: September 2024

Resumo: Este estudo buscou avaliar as características psicométricas da escala de histórico de dificuldades de leitura para adultos (EHDLA) em uma amostra de 171 estudantes universitários brasileiros (71,92% do sexo feminino). A escala original, elaborada por Parrila e colaboradores, foi traduzida para o português e sua escala de resposta foi adaptada para o formato tipo Likert de cinco pontos. Após realizar teste dos modelos fatoriais de uma e duas dimensões, percebeu-se que o modelo de duas dimensões apenas separou os itens positivos e negativos, o que pode ser devido ao viés de aquiescência. Após o controle desse viés, as duas dimensões apresentaram correlação muito alta, diminuindo a discriminação entre os fatores. Assim, optou-se pela solução unifatorial, que engloba uma dimensão geral de dificuldade de leitura. Espera-se que a adaptação da escala de Parrila e colaboradores para a realidade nacional possa trazer benefícios aos estudantes brasileiros, favorecendo ações que deem suporte a estudantes com dificuldades de leitura em vários níveis de escolarização.
Tornar-se Mãe e Profissional de Saúde na Pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Almeida-Santos Juliana , Pontes Vívian Volkmer , Dazzani Maria Virgínia Machado
Published: September 2024

Resumo: A emergência da pandemia da covid-19 produziu uma atmosfera de medo, preocupação e incerteza, pois se apresentou como uma ruptura radical e imprevista do cotidiano. Nesse sentido, foi realizado um estudo de caso de uma mulher soteropolitana que se descobriu grávida durante um dos períodos críticos da pandemia no Brasil, enquanto trabalhava como psicóloga hospitalar na assistência a pacientes e familiares infectados pelo SARS-CoV-2. O artigo teve como objetivo analisar as dinâmicas afetivo-semióticas da transição para maternidade durante a pandemia à luz da Psicologia Cultural das Dinâmicas Semióticas. Foram realizadas três entrevistas com a participante ao longo dos seis últimos meses do ano de 2020. Os dados foram avaliados por meio do método de análise consensual da pesquisa qualitativa (Consensual Qualitative Research). A narrativa da participante evidenciou que o atravessamento da transição para a maternidade na pandemia foi entrelaçado à sua experiência como profissional de saúde diante de um contexto marcado por perdas e sofrimento. O contexto pandêmico intensificou os desafios inerentes à transição para a maternidade e inaugurou novas tensões, principalmente com a ampliação da percepção de vulnerabilidade das gestantes e puérperas, incluídas no grupo de risco associado à covid-19. Assim, a participante precisou lidar com a frustração de muitas expectativas pessoal-coletivas em relação à transição para a maternidade, principalmente quanto à presença física de pessoas importantes. A partir desse cenário ambivalente houve a formação de uma nova hierarquia de signos que promoveu a regulação da experiência da participante, bem como de suas interações sociais.
Dimensão Subjetiva da Pobreza: Que Dizem as Pessoas em Situação de Rua
Authors: Esmeraldo Filho Carlos Eduardo , Ximenes Verônica Morais
Published: September 2024

Resumo: Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a dimensão subjetiva da pobreza junto a pessoas em situação de rua de Fortaleza, CE. A dimensão subjetiva tem como foco processos psicossociais como autoculpabilização, vergonha e humilhação, vinculados ao contexto da pobreza. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, que possibilitou a construção do Índice de Pobreza Multidimensional (IPM) específico para essa população, bem como a mensuração de pobreza multidimensional. Participaram 236 pessoas em situação de rua de Fortaleza, que responderam ao questionário. Foram realizadas Análises de Correlações, teste t de Student e Estatísticas Descritivas com auxílio do software SPSS 21. Os resultados apontaram que os participantes sofrem situações intensas de humilhação, que tem como consequência a vergonha, o auto-isolamento e a autoculpabilização por sua condição de vida. As práticas de opressão e dominação que vitimizam as pessoas em situação de pobreza, incluindo as que moram na rua, configuram-se como negação da vida, podendo prejudicar o desenvolvimento de capacidades de ação coletiva e transformação. No entanto, as pessoas em situação de rua têm potencial de enfrentamento e resistência, de modo a buscar outras alternativas de vida e transformar suas condições.