bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gewalt und die Verknappung von Herrschaft, Raum und Zeit
Authors: Ackermann Felix
Published: May 2022

Anhand der Polnischen Republik nach dem deutschen Überfall am 1. September 1939 zeigt der Text, dass die Evakuierungsplanungen zum Transport der wichtigsten Gefangenen noch auf die Erfahrungen des Zusammenbruchs staatlicher Herrschaft des Russischen Reichs am Beginn und Ende des Ersten Weltkriegs zurückgingen. Ein Teil der Aufseher der im Süden Polens unweit der deutsch-polnischen Grenze gelegenen Strafvollzugsanstalt Święty Krzyż eskortierte die ihnen unterstellten Gefangenen in Fußmärschen nach Osten. Währendessen ließ der Direktor der Anstalt mehrere Dutzend wegen Hochverrats zu lebenslänglichen Strafen verurteilter polnischer Staatsbürger noch auf dem Gelände des Gefängnisses hinrichten. Die meisten Opfer waren wahrscheinlich Teil eines von der Gestapo bereits vor dem September 1939 aufgebauten Spitzelnetzes in Polen. Das erklärt, warum dieser Gefangenenmord – anders als die als Todesmärsche beschriebene Evakuierung polnischer Staatsbürger deutscher Herkunft sowie die Gefangenenmorde des NKVD im Osten Polens – nicht von der deutschen Propaganda aufgegriffen wurde und damit bis heute weitgehend unbekannt ist. Statt Św. Krzyż in eine direkte Kontinuität mit den im Juni 1941 durchgeführten sowjetischen Massenmorden in polnischen Gefängnissen zu stellen, werden im Beitrag die Kontexte herausgearbeitet, in denen das Handeln des Direktors von Św. Krzyż zu erklären ist. Der Beitrag argumentiert, dass dafür seine früheren und vielfältigen Evakuierungserfahrungen während des Ersten Weltkriegs sowie das hohe Maß an Gewalt innerhalb des Gefängnisses wichtig waren.
Kontrollverlust und unumkehrbare Tatsachen. Die deutschen Rückzüge an der Ostfront des Zweiten Weltkriegs
Authors: Stein Christian
Published: May 2022

In diesem Beitrag werden die Rückzüge der Wehrmacht während des Deutsch-Sowjetischen Krieges untersucht. Ein besonderes Augenmerk liegt dabei auf dem Rückzug der Heeresgruppe Mitte im Sommer 1944. Hier kulminierten zwei Entwicklungen: Erstens war es für die Rückzugskonzepte hochrangiger deutscher Offiziere wesentlich, auch in der potenziell chaotischen Situation des Rückzugs die Kontrolle zu behalten. Sowohl die Zerstörung ländlicher und städtischer Infrastrukturen, die als »Politik der verbrannten Erde« bezeichnet wird, als auch die Evakuierung der sowjetischen Zivilbevölkerung wurden auch in dieser Situation als Mittel eingesetzt, um die Aufrechterhaltung von Kontrolle zu demonstrieren. Im Sommer 1944 war die Wehrmacht angesichts einer weit überlegenen und mobileren Roten Armee zumeist nicht mehr in der Lage, einen kontrollierten Rückzug durchzuführen. Zweitens begingen die deutschen Verbände in dem Wissen, dass sie während der eigentlichen Rückzüge oft nicht mehr in der Lage sein würden, systematische Zerstörungen, Evakuierungen usw. durchzuführen, bereits vorab – oft lange vor einer erwarteten sowjetischen Offensive – irreversible Handlungen. Die Summe dieser Kriegsverbrechen veränderte das Antlitz Osteuropas weit über das Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs hinaus.
Manta ray foraging optimization algorithm and hybrid Taguchi salp swarm-Nelder–Mead algorithm for the structural design of engineering components
Authors: Yildiz Ali Riza , Mehta Pranav
Published: May 2022

The adaptability of metaheuristics is proliferating rapidly for optimizing engineering designs and structures. The imperative need for the fuel-efficient design of vehicles with lightweight structures is also a soaring demand raised by the different industries. This research contributes to both areas by using both the hybrid Taguchi salp swarm algorithm-Nelder–Mead (HTSSA-NM) and the manta ray foraging optimization (MRFO) algorithm to optimize the structure and shape of the automobile brake pedal. The results of HTSSA-NM and MRFO are compared with some well-established metaheuristics such as horse herd optimization algorithm, black widow optimization algorithm, squirrel search algorithm, and Harris Hawks optimization algorithm to verify its performance. It is observed that HTSSA-NM is robust and superior in terms of optimizing shape with the least mass of the engineering structures. Also, HTSSA-NM realize the best value for the present problem compared to the rest of the optimizer.
Gradient-based optimizer for economic optimization of engineering problems
Authors: Mehta Pranav , Yıldız Betül Sultan , Sait Sadiq M. , Yıldız Ali Rıza
Published: May 2022

Optimization of the heat recovery devices such as heat exchangers (HEs) and cooling towers is a complex task. In this article, the widely used fin and tube HE (FTHE) is optimized in terms of the total costs by the novel gradient-based optimization (GBO) algorithm. The FTHE s have a cylindrical tube with transverse or longitudinal fin enhanced on it. For this study, various constraints and design variables are considered, with the total cost as the objective function. The study reveals that the GBO provides promising results for the present case study with the highest success rate. Also, the comparative results suggest that GBO is the robust optimizer in terms of the best-optimized values of the fitness function vis-à-vis design variables. This study builds the future implications of the GBO in a wide range of engineering optimization fields.
The spontaneity of chemical reactions: challenges with handling the concept and its implications
Authors: Mammino Liliana
Published: May 2022

The spontaneity concept plays crucial roles in the description of chemical reactions and entails a variety of implications, including the determination of the difference between galvanic and electrolytic cells. Students experience challenges with handling the concept and its implications within chemistry contexts. Everyday-life examples do not provide immediate evidence of chemistry-related spontaneity, and some features may be misinterpreted. The ΔG < 0 spontaneity criterion does not have an everyday-life correspondence and mostly remains abstract. Tendencies to equate exothermic or fast with spontaneous appear frequently. Using the spontaneity or non-spontaneity concepts in the interpretation of observed simple electrochemical phenomena may pose difficulties. The challenges are greatly enhanced by two diffuse contextual features: tendency to rote learning and inadequate language-mastery, with the latter being a major cause of the former and generally hindering conceptual understanding. The paper highlights the main difficulties diagnosed within an action research approach, documenting them with a sufficiently ample selection of illustrative examples. The ways in which diagnoses are utilised as guidelines for in-class interventions aimed at addressing identified challenges are delineated and discussed. The integration of chemistry-concepts analysis and language-analysis is viewed as the most powerful instrument to address identified difficulties in real time.
The role of chemistry in accelerator-based production and separation of radionuclides as basis for radiolabelled compounds for medical applications
Authors: Qaim Syed M. , Spahn Ingo , Scholten Bernhard , Spellerberg Stefan , Neumaier Bernd
Published: May 2022

Radiochemical separations used in large scale routine production of diagnostic and therapeutic radionuclides at a particle accelerator for patient care are briefly outlined. The role of chemistry at various stages of development of a production route of a novel radionuclide, namely nuclear data measurement, high-current targetry, chemical processing and quality control of the product, is discussed in detail. Special attention is paid to production of non-standard positron emitters (e.g. 44gSc, 64Cu, 68Ga, etc.) at a cyclotron and novel therapeutic radionuclides (e.g. 67Cu, 225Ac, etc.) at an accelerator. Some typical examples of radiochemical methods involved are presented.
Glucocorticoid-induced adrenal insufficiency: an uncommon cause of hypercalcaemia
Authors: De Silva S D N , Aravinthan M , Katulanda P
Published: May 2022

Long-term use of exogenous glucocorticoids leads to the suppression of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. Therefore, if the glucocorticoid is withdrawn abruptly, patients will develop adrenal insufficiency. Hypercalcaemia is a rare but well-known complication of adrenal insufficiency. However, hypercalcaemia is a rare presentation of glucocorticoid-induced adrenal insufficiency (GI-AI). A 62-year-old patient with a past history of diabetes mellitus, ischaemic heart disease, stroke, hypertension and dyslipidaemia presented with polyuria, loss of appetite, malaise and vomiting for a duration of 2 months. His ionized calcium level was high at 1.47 mmol/L. Intact parathyroid hormone was suppressed (4.3 pg/mL) and vitamin D was in the insufficient range (24.6 ng/mL). Extensive evaluation for solid organ or haematological malignancy including contrast-enhanced CT chest, abdomen, pelvis, multiple myeloma workup and multiple tumour markers were negative. His synacthan-stimulated cortisol was undetectable thus confirming adrenal insufficiency. His adrenocorticotrophic hormone level was 3.82 pg/mL (4.7–48.8) excluding primary adrenal insufficiency. His MRI brain and other pituitary hormones were normal. Further inquiry revealed that the patient had taken over-the-counter dexamethasone on a regular basis for allergic rhinitis for more than 2 years and had stopped 2 weeks prior to the onset of symptoms. Therefore, a diagnosis of GI-AI leading to hypercalcemia was made. The patient was resuscitated with intravenous fluids and replacement doses of oral hydrocortisone were started with a plan of prolonged tailing off to allow the endogenous adrenal function to recover. His calcium normalized and he made a complete recovery.

Learning points

Long-term use of glucocorticoids leads to the suppression of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis.

If the glucocorticoid is withdrawn abruptly, patients will develop adrenal insufficiency which is known as glucocorticoid-induced adrenal insufficiency.

Adrenal insufficiency should be considered in the differential diagnosis of parathyroid hormone-independent hypercalcaemia.

A thorough clinical history is of paramount importance in arriving at the correct diagnosis.
Najważniejsze elementy programu bezpieczeństwa higieny rąk
Authors: Skibińska Katarzyna
Published: May 2022

Higiena rąk jest zasadniczą procedurą w profilaktyce zakażeń, jednak nieprzestrzeganie tej procedury wciąż stanowi problem epidemiologiczny. Poszukiwanie rozwiązań, które wpłyną na postrzeganie higieny rąk jako najważniejszej procedury antyseptycznej, jest priorytetem. W dobie narastania lekooporności bakteryjnej, zakażeń wirusowych i grzybiczych procedury profilaktyczne nabierają szczególnego znaczenia. Wymagane jest bezwzględne przestrzeganie procedur przed personel medyczny, który powinien rozumieć istotę postępowania z podstawowym narzędziem pracy, jakim są ręce. Jakość infrastruktury higienicznej i produktów służących do realizacji procedury, znajomość specyfiki skóry, zasad prawidłowej jej pielęgnacji w celu szybkiej regeneracji oraz umiejętne podejście do pracownika w celu przyswojenia przez niego obowiązujących zasad to podstawa programu bezpieczeństwa higieny rąk, który powinien w sposób kompleksowy zostać wdrożony w każdej placówce ochrony zdrowia.
ESTIMATION OF UKRAINE’S LOSSES FROM THE MILITARY AGGRESSION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: A MACROECONOMIC DIMENSION
Authors:   SI ",   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine"
Published: May 2022

At the end of March 2022, researchers of the Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine estimated the potential losses of Ukraine's national economy from the military invasion of the aggressor country. The results obtained are not final, as they only account the situation in the first month of the war. At the same time, they are quite informative in terms of presenting Ukraine's losses and the corresponding challenges this country is facing both in terms of consolidating available resources to protect state sovereignty and in terms of post-war economic reconstruction. The results obtained in the study have been sent to the central government. The paper is published in the journal without some information, which is removed for security reasons.
Vilém Dušan Lambl and Kharkiv: city, university and personality
Authors:   Ukrainian Academy of the History of Medicine, Oparin O.A. , Rogozhin B.A. ,   Ukrainian Academy of the History of Medicine
Published: May 2022

The article traces the life and creative period of the great Czech scientist Professor Lyambl, associated with his Kharkov period of life. He is presented not only as a scientist, but also as one of the brightest personalities of his time.
Internship learning as transactional sociomaterial experiences in media industry: What do undergraduate interns tell us?
Authors: Chue Shien , Säljö Roger
Published: May 2022

Professional learning is complex and is the result of a mix of experiences made in academic and workplace settings. An interesting step in the learning trajectories of professionals is represented by internship. Interns have to engage in boundary crossing when connecting academic learning with professional practices. An interesting issue to explore concerns the experiences of undergraduate interns when they encounter challenges in workplaces. Drawing upon Dewey’s notion of experience to examine internship learning, this article focuses on the role of sociomateriality when neophytes—interns—enter the workplace. Analysing semi-structured interviews with undergraduates (N = 38) performing their internship at the public relations and communication industry where internship is not an established practice, we present three findings. First, materiality of work activity plays a central role in organizing learning for interns at the workplace. Second, interns report networking at the workplace for convergence of work objectives which in turn provides opportunities and constraints for learning about the logic of workplace activities. Finally, interns report balancing between different identities during internship practice in order to direct their participatory efforts within the complex workplace organization. The value of internship learning calls for agency from the learners while considering the implications for the workplace organisations where learning experiences are located. Finally, we bring attention to the role of the workplace supervisors and faculty members in the development of professional learning in such complex professional learning settings.
Reassembling Religion in Roman Italy By E.-J. Graham (2021)
Authors: Durdin Andrew
Published: May 2022

Reassembling Religion in Roman Italy By E.-J. Graham (2021) London and New York: Routledge, xvi + 252pp.
Zanikanie liczebników zbiorowych jako świadectwo przemian społeczno-kulturowych (na przykładzie języka uczniów)
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie, Polska, Markiewicz Maciej
Published: May 2022

This paper consists of two parts – theoretical one and analytic one. In the first part the socio-cultural background of changes taking place in the Polish language during several dozen years was drawn and the subclass of collective numerals was characterized taking into account inflection, semantics and syntax. In the second part, the results of the survey conducted among students were presented. Its aim was to explore the competition of using collective numerals among the young generation of users of the Polish language. The analysis of the data collected allowed to draw a conclusion that collective numerals are a disappearing group of words. What is more, the users of the Polish language create many ways of avoiding the use of collective numerals, such as: using nouns derived from numerals (e.g. trójka), using analytical constructions (e.g. dwie pary spodni), replacing collective numerals by cardinal numerals or using nouns which do not connect with collective numerals.
Malowana, glazurowana, polewana, siwa… Językowe i estetyczno-artystyczne wyróżniki ozdobnej ceramiki rzeszowskiej (na podstawie wybranych etnograficznych opracowań popularnonaukowych)
Authors:   Pracownia Języka i Kultury Ludowej Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego, Polska, Węgorowska Katarzyna
Published: May 2022

Decorative pottery and derived from it decorative ceramic are firmly interwoven with Polish folk culture. The article discusses linguistic and artistic distinguishing features of ceramic created in the Rzeszów region. It describes specialist vocabulary related to pottery and ceramic preserved in four popular science ethnographic studies (such as names of various kinds of ceramic, vessels, materials, thechniques, activities, performers of the activities, decorative motives and pottery centers). The characterized lexis permitted to reconstruct the facts connceted with the traditional handicraft representative of old and contemporary Subcarpathian heritage.
Picturebooks in New Caledonia
Authors: Boulard Florence
Published: May 2022

New Caledonia is a French overseas territory in the South Pacific with a long history of differing attitudes towards independence (Fisher, 2019). The local government aims to challenge French cultural hegemony by building a “New Caledonian School” (Gouvernement de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, 2016). That is, a school in which students are exposed to resources that reflect the realities of the country and allow for marginalised groups to become more visible in the curriculum. It is through this context that this article investigates how children’s literature, in particular picturebooks, began developing in New Caledonia. Children’s literature in New Caledonia is a relatively new phenomenon. Using Gramsci’s theory of hegemony, the paper explains the history of picturebooks in New Caledonia and their role in the curriculum. The official language of New Caledonia is French, but there are also 28 Kanak languages. Surrounded by Anglophone nations, such as Australia and New Zealand, education policies were put in place on this island to introduce English to students from primary school (Bissoonauth-Bedford, 2018). As a result, this article describes and analyses a bilingual picturebook written in French and English by Stephane Moysan (2017), entitled Yana’s Treasure: An Amazing Trip in New Caledonia. In particular, it reviews how this picturebook provides opportunities to bring to consciousness essential elements of Pacific French culture and identity both within and beyond the New Caledonian context.
Families’ comfort with LGBTQ2s+ picturebooks: Embracing children’s critical knowledges
Authors: Malins Pamela , Whitty Pam
Published: May 2022

This article shares conversational research (Thomson et al., 2012) that we undertook with parents in one of children’s primary education settings: the home. We investigated the question: what are the comfort levels of families, with young children, as they encounter picturebooks featuring diverse gender and sexual identities? Over the past 10 years in Canada, including New Brunswick, these picturebooks have increased in production (Bouchey, 2021; Miller Oke, 2019) complexity (Sullivan & Urraro, 2017) and circulation. Yet some educators in the early years of school remain uncomfortable reading these texts with young children, their concerns, in part, related to imagined backlash from heteronormative families (Goldstein 2021) and deeply entrenched constructs of childhood innocence (Kintner-Duffy et al., 2012; Martino & Cumming-Potvin, 2011, 2016; Robinson, 2013). Scholarship and our research confirm that most children know and can communicate their sex and gender identities by two years of age (Pastel et al, 2019; Stevenson, 2019) and are able to engage critically with picturebooks featuring diverse gender and sexual identities as they get older. Through our conversations with mothers, we learned that all families were comfortable with each picturebook category presented: gender expression, gender identity, gender harassment, and family composition. Interpreting our conversations through Queer Theory (Butler, 1990, 1993), we also learned how particular picturebooks serve as entry points to family discussions about diverse gender and sexual identities and how important access to diverse picturebooks is to provide these opportunities. Specifically, each of the nine mothers shared picturebooks that supported their child/children/families with being and knowing related to gender variance, who you can love, and/ or what games, hobbies and clothes are acceptable.
Bioinspired microgroove arrays with drag reduction and hydrophobic properties
Authors: Xie Ying , Guo Chuanchuan , Li Tao , Wang Shenzhi , Liu Ri , Dong Litong , Wang Lu , Song Zhengxun , Weng Zhankun , Wang Zuobin
Published: May 2022

Reducing energy consumption is one of the most effective ways to solve the problem of energy shortage. In this work, nature-inspired paint microgroove arrays with different periods were fabricated using a one-step laser ablation method. A wind tunnel experiment was performed at two wind speeds, 27.7 and 33.3 m/s, to collect drag force data on smooth and structured paint coatings. The results showed that microgroove arrays oriented perpendicular to the flow direction were beneficial to drag reduction, and a drag reduction rate of up to 7.2% was obtained. Meanwhile, the microgroove arrays induced by laser ablation changed the wettability of the paint surface to hydrophobicity. The contact angle shows a slightly decreasing trend with an increase in the periodic scale. Furthermore, the anticorrosion properties of these microgrooves make them advantageous in harsh environments. The fabricated drag-reducing paint microstructures, with the features of self-cleaning and durability, have the potential to be applied on vehicles to realize speed improvement and energy saving.
INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTION AND PUBLIC SERVICE QUALITY: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIAN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
Authors:   Universitas Sebelas Maret, Sutaryo Sutaryo , Sahari Salawati binti ,   University Malaysia Sarawak, Jakpar Shaharudin bin ,   University Malaysia Sarawak, Balia Sophee Sulong bin ,   University Malaysia Sarawak
Published: May 2022

This study investigates the role of local government internal audit function maturity and expertise in supervising local government public service quality. We use secondary data from all local governments in Indonesia for the 2016-2019 fiscal year that generates panel data with 1934 observations, analyzed with panel data regression. Local governments in Indonesia have a good average quality of public services. In most tests, we evidence the positive effect of local government internal audit function maturity and expertise on public service quality. Internal audit function maturity is the strongest contributor, while expertise supports the audit process to achieve higher public service quality. Our study provides implications for local government supervision that should be maximized through internal audit function to achieve good quality public services, by developing proper internal auditor programs of the Financial and Development Supervisory Agency (BPKP). The local government should also have a proper budget allocation for public service. The adoption of information technology should also be optimized in public service implementation and supervision. Finally, our study brings significant novelty to public service and internal audit literature in Indonesia by providing one of the first comprehensive studies covering all Indonesian local governments.
Preparing 10x TBE Electrophoresis buffer v1
Authors: Mowoh Nadine , Molloy Jenny
Published: May 2022

TBE and TAE buffers are often used in procedures involving nucleic acids, the most common being electrophoresis. Tris-acid solutions are effective buffers for slightly basic conditions, which keep DNA deprotonated and soluble in water. EDTA is a chelator of divalent cations, particularly of magnesium (Mg2+). As these ions are necessary cofactors for many enzymes, including contaminant nucleases, the role of the EDTA is to protect the nucleic acids against enzymatic degradation. But since Mg2+ is also a cofactor for many useful DNA-modifying enzymes such as restriction enzymes and DNA polymerases, its concentration in TBE or TAE buffers is generally kept low (typically at around 1 mM). TBE buffer is used to prepare agarose gels and as running buffer in agarose gel electrophoresis to separate and identify and analyse nucleic acids. SCOPE: This protocol covers the steps involved in making 1L of 10x TBE buffer from Tris, Borate and EDTA powders DEFINITIONS: TBE: Tris Borate EDTA
In vitro transcription of guide RNAs and 5'-triphosphate removal v2
Authors: Dewitt Mark , Julia Wong not provided , Wienert Beeke , F Schlapansky Moritz
Published: May 2022

sgRNA template assembly, in vitro T7transcription, and sgRNA column cleanup to remove 5'-triphosphate groups
Supplemental Method SM1 v1
Authors: not provided ekolewe , not provided cfromen
Published: May 2022

Supplemental information methods for the manuscript titled "Spatial aerosol deposition correlated to anatomic feature development in 6-year-old upper airway computational models" by Emily L. Kolewe, Saurav Padhye, Ian Woodward, Jinyong Wee, Tariq Rahman, Yu Feng, Jenna Briddell, and Catherine Fromen.
Relationship Between Concealment of Child Sexual Abuse And Sexual Stigma
Authors: ERSOY Ersan , ÇETİNTAŞ Ahmet , AKSÜT Yeliz
Published: May 2022

Child sexual abuse is an issue that has significant consequences for both individual and social health but it is not wanted to be revealed and is often repressed. The cases reported to the judicial authorities are just the tip of the iceberg. This study aims to analyze the effect of “stigmatizing the victim”, which has an important role in keeping child sexual abuse concealed. To find the social risk factors of child sexual abuse and to determine the effect of sexual stigma on the victim, the forensic case files of children who were subject to sexual abuse and referred to the Child Monitoring Center in Malatya between 2015 and 2019, were investigated. All of the files of 678 children who were victims of sexual abuse registered between these years were analyzed with a content analysis technique. As a result of the research, it was observed that the confrontation of the victim children with sexual stigma caused the sexual abuse cases to remain concealed. Along with stigmatization, factors such as dishonor and shame, fear of staying out of gender values, pressure from social environment and patriarchal family, being threatened, incest relationships, worrying about the reputation of the victim and her/his family are effective in concealing sexual abuse.
EDUCATIONAL TRAJECTORIES OF TEACHERS, PSYCHOLOGISTS AND SCHOOL PRINCIPALS: PSYCHOSEMANTIC DIFFERENTIATION
Authors:   National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, Sukhenko Ya. V.
Published: May 2022

The article studies educational trajectories of teachers, psychologists and school principals. Their subjective semantics or systems of meaning – viewed through the narratives on the respondents’ activities – were examined with a specially designed semantic differential called “The Educational Trajectory”. The analysis showed that teachers associated the results of their educational work, primarily, with its content estimated with the qualities like “competent” and “strategic”; and secondarily, with the qualities like “dynamic”, “representative”, “personal” and “conventional”. School psychologists implied that their educational trajectories were more about comfort and less about consistence, meaningfulness, representativity and correspondence to expectations or reality. School principals’ semantic model of educational trajectory was more cognitively complex and balanced compared to the ones of teachers and/or psychologists. School principals’ semantics concerning educational activities were characterized by a deliberate cognition, and, additionally, by usefulness, meaningful content, comfort, personification, continuity and competency. The study highlights the development of the latter in the terms of so called “emotional remnant” of educational activities. The authors have proposed a set of major principles/conditions to design individual educational trajectories. First, it is predetermined subjective semantic content that facilitates constructing certain individual educational trajectories. Second, it is the genesis of the content of educational trajectories unfolded on the following dimensions: cognitive complexity, diversification, stereotype educational activities. Third, it is a mixed composition of developers participated in different projects aimed to foster individual educational trajectories which promotes a shared meaning space and enriches it with unique individual trajectories of different school personnel via a synergetic self-organization mechanisms.
Deforestación de bosques nativos y acumulación por desposesión: el caso de Santiago del Estero, Argentina (1998-2019) / Deforestation of native forests and accumulation by dispossession: the case of Santiago del Estero, Argentina (1998-2019)
Authors: Gómez Lende Sebastián
Published: May 2022

Durante las últimas décadas, la deforestación se ha convertido en una grave problemática en Argentina. Santiago del Estero, la provincia más deforestada del país, actualmente lidera el ranking mundial de desmontes. Utilizando fuentes oficiales, bibliografía académica e información periodística, este trabajo analiza la destrucción del bosque nativo en esa provincia entre 1998 y 2019 para demostrar que este proceso implicó una acumulación por desposesión basada en el despojo ecológico, la usurpación de tierras, la destrucción de formas subalternas de producción, las redistribuciones estatales y el ejercicio del fraude, la violencia y la ilegalidad. Los resultados muestran una clara relación entre los desmontes, la expansión de la frontera agropecuaria, el saqueo de tierras, la expulsión de campesinos y pueblos originarios, la violencia rural, la mercantilización de la naturaleza, la apropiación privada de recursos públicos y la tala clandestina financiada por el Estado.
El sistema faxinal en crisis: el proceso de desposesión en la producción agraria colectiva del sur brasileño / The faxinal system in crisis: the process of dispossession and its resistance in the collective agricultural production of southern Brazil
Authors: Lucato de Aguilar Ramon
Published: May 2022

Los faxinales consisten en la apropiación del suelo agrario según herencia de los primeros ocupantes de las mesetas de la región sur de Brasil - misioneros españoles e indígenas cristianizados. El sistema faxinal se basa en la división del suelo en dos porciones: las tierras de plantar son divididas en parcelas privadas, con producción de géneros agrícolas para comercialización, mientras el criadero común es conformado por tierras de usufructo comunal para una producción según lógica ajena al mercado. No obstante, las transformaciones productivas de las últimas décadas han presionado fuertemente estas comunidades, llevándolas a una progresiva desintegración. Así, se busca rescatar el proceso de conformación de los faxinales, su estructura espacial, productiva y cultural, bien como sus relaciones extraterritoriales, que han impulsado la desposesión del suelo colectivo, aunque, también hayan sido importantes en el engendramiento de mecanismos de resistencia y revalorización de la cultura faxinalense.
empresa moderna capitalista transnacional: entre el desarrollo y las crisis civilizatorias (dimensión social)
Authors: Arévalo-Viveros Juan Manuel , Becerra-Valencia Lina María , Puentes-Giraldo Yasmín
Published: May 2022

La humanidad y el planeta enfrentan graves crisis socio-naturales que ponen en riesgo la sustentabilidad de la vida. En esto, mucho tienen que ver el entramado modernidad / capitalismo / desarrollo en general y las empresas transnacionales en particular. Debido a la relevancia del tema, es precisamente en esta dirección que se plantea el interrogante que orienta el presente trabajo, a saber: ¿Es la organización empresarial transnacional un detonante del desarrollo, o, por el contrario, es responsable por diversas crisis civilizatorias en general y de la dimensión social en los diferentes contextos socio-naturales? Al respecto, la tesis defendida es la siguiente: las corporaciones transnacionales, al constituirse como instituciones que encuadran en y heredan los fundamentos de la modernidad-capitalista-desarrollista, contribuyen a promover las crisis civilizatorias en general y de la dimensión social en particular. Finalmente, se resalta que el estudio privilegió un paradigma constructivista – interpretativo, consecuentemente, una metodología cualitativa. Se usaron los procesos para la construcción de textos argumentativos, los métodos de investigación-análisis documental y entrevistas a expertos. El análisis de los datos fue orientado por la teoría fundamentada.
School Violence and Safety Policies and Practices in Urban and Rural Communities: Does Location Matter?
Authors: Seo Chunghyeon , Kruis Nathan , Park Sangjun
Published: May 2022

While there is a large body of literature on school violence and security policies in urban areas, school violence in rural areas has gained considerably less academic attention. Recent research in this area has indicated that rural schools and communities have experienced rates of violence that are similar to their urban counterparts. However, the generalizability of findings from these exploratory research projects is limited. The current study investigated the impact of school location on school violence incidents and compared correlates of school violence in rural schools to correlates of school violence in urban schools. Specifically, upon analyzing the 2010 School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS) data, this study found that rural schools reported more incidents of school violence than urban schools, and different predictors affected school violence based on school location. In light of these findings, potential implications for location-specific school safety strategies are discussed within.
Estimating Crime in Rural America: The Contribution of the First Phase of The West Virginia Community Quality of Life Survey
Authors: DeKeseredy Walter S. , Nolan James , Stoneberg Danielle M. , Turley Erica E.
Published: May 2022

The study of crime, law, and social control is now much less urban-biased than it was at the start of this millennium, and there is an ongoing significant increase in international qualitative and quantitative rural criminological research. Nonetheless, a conspicuous absence of reliable estimates of crime victimization in rural parts of the United States continues to exist. This article helps fill a major research gap by presenting the results of the first phase of the West Virginia Community Quality of Life Survey.
Piling on the pressure: Crime and stress in British farming
Authors: Smith Kreseda
Published: May 2022

Farmers in Britain face a range of stressors – events that negatively affect wellbeing – that impact on their ability to manage their business successfully. Extant research has identified stressors such as weather, finance, regulation, staffing and time pressures. However, no research has examined how agricultural crime affects the mental health of farmers. This article is the first to explore whether agricultural crime should be considered as a farmer stressor, and how this compares to the impact of other, more widely acknowledged farmer stressors on the day-to-day running of a farm in Britain. An online survey was employed to reach farmers across Britain to obtain quantitative data, but also qualitative data relating to stressors. Results in this first tranche of data indicate that agricultural crime has a clear place in the list of farmer stressors, with only weather, finance and time pressures being reported more often as a top three stressor by participants. The article concludes that there is a clear research gap regarding crime as a farmer stressor. It is argued that the findings of this research support the need for a wider discussion among key stakeholders to examine how agricultural crime is impacting upon the viability of British farms, and to ensure that agricultural crime is considered as a key farmer stressor so that its effects can be better addressed alongside other stressors.
Technology for forming students' ability to manage independent educational activities
Authors: Аbdigapbarova Ulzharkyn , Yeshenkulova Dinara , Kassimbekova Barshagul , Muratbaeva Gulnar , Каstayev Serik
Published: May 2022

The modernization of the education system, taking place in Kazakhstan today, is connected with the renewal of its goals. The State program for the development of education of the Republic of Kazakhstan 2020-2025, as one of the conditions for improving the quality of secondary (full) general education, identifies the experience of independent activity of pupils, the formation of the pupil’s competences in various aspects of life and in an independent educational activity. The research aimed to develop the model of technology for forming students’ readiness to manage their independent educational activity of students and to ensure its implementation by the author’s methodology. The starting point of the research was the analysis of the effectiveness of the existing teacher training in the management of the independent educational activities of students at the pedagogical university.The analysis was carried out on the base of the Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University and International University “Silkway”. It was revealed that the training of future teachers in the management of the independent educational activities of pupils at the pedagogical university did not meet the new social requirements of the developing system of general education.
 
Keywords: Educational activities; Future teacher; model, technology.
Parents’ satisfaction with online education for learners with special needs at the elementary level
Authors: Manguilimotan Ramil P. , Cabalda Jacob A. , Arnado Anna Mie M. , Padillo Gengen G. , Espina Raymond C. , Capuno Reylan G.
Published: May 2022

This study assessed parents' satisfaction with online education for learners with special needs at the elementary level during the school year 2020–2021. It employed the mixed method of research in gathering data for the profile and status of online education for learners with special needs and in investigating the issues encountered by the parents in the implementation of online education. Simple percentage, weighted mean, standard deviation and chi-square test of independence were used to analyse the data. The results showed that parents have no problem attending online classes with their learners and utilising different technological applications for online education. It also showed no significant relationship between parents’ profile and the level of satisfaction towards online education. The common issue encountered by parents in the implementation of online education during the COVID-19 pandemic was Internet connectivity. Thus, it is recommended that enhanced interactive learning materials for learners with special needs be adopted.
Lecturer’s digital literacy ability in the pandemic
Authors: Fauzan Fauzan , Arifin Fatkhul , Lubis Maulana Arafat , Firdaus Fery Muhamad
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to determine the adaptation of lecturers and students to using technology as a learning medium. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research. The instrument used is a questionnaire. The population in this study were all Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teacher Education (PGMI) students in Indonesia, and the sample was more than 40 Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teacher Education (PGMI) Study Programs at public university (PTN) and private university (PTS) in Indonesia involving 1294 students. The study results found that the effectiveness of the application of distance learning methods in the pandemic era was usually responded to by most students; some even responded less and very poorly. Mastery of lecturers in distance learning media is good; some dominant lecturers use google classroom, zoom, and WhatsApp.

 

Keywords: digital literacy, media technology, online learning, pandemic, lecturers PGMI
Interactive multimedia based on Indonesian cultural diversity in Civics learning in elementary schools
Authors: Sartono E. Kus Eddy , Ambarsari Ria , Herwin Herwin
Published: May 2022

This study aims to develop interactive multimedia based on Indonesian cultural diversity as a learning media for Civics in grade IV elementary schools and to determine the feasibility of the product from the material and display aspects. Product development uses the Borg & Gall. Data collection instruments in the form of interviews and questionnaires. The results of the validation by media experts indicate that the feasibility of interactive multimedia is in the "very feasible" category and the validation of the material experts shows that the feasibility of multimedia is in the "very feasible" category. Meanwhile, the results of the teacher and student responses in the field trial showed the "very feasible" category. These results indicate that the interactive multimedia developed is suitable for use in learning activities and as an alternative learning media for Civics, especially for class IV on the material of Indonesian cultural diversity.        

 

Keywords: Elementary school, Indonesian culture, diversity, interactive multimedia, civic.
Strategies for teaching moral values to children with intellectual disability
Authors: Ishartiwi Ishartiwi , Handoyo Rendy Roos , Mahabbati Aini , Purwanta Edi
Published: May 2022

Moral values constitute abstract concepts, and for students with intellectual disabilities, learning moral values requires methods appropriate for their conditions and social norms. This study was carried out in order to describe the different types and strategies for teaching moral values to students with intellectual disabilities. Questionnaires were used and responses were cross-checked through focus group conversations with teachers who have exemplified best practices. The quantitative descriptive analysis was conducted by categorising the data according to the students' grade levels. The findings indicate that teachers teach moral values using a range of strategies, including the conventional stage emphasising interpersonal harmony orientation and authoritative and societal orientation, and learning contents relevant to local norms. Teachers typically employ this strategy through real-world activities, practice and repetition. In conclusion, the types and strategies for teaching moral values to students with intellectual disabilities are typified by concrete knowledge and adjustments are made according to the students’ environment.  

 

Keywords: Moral values, teaching strategies, intellectual disabilities
Care involvement and power relations. Parenting and gender in contemporary Poland
Authors: Suwada Katarzyna
Published: May 2022

Objective: The study examines the opportunity structures of fathers and mothers in Polish society in the context of their right to use parental leave.
Background: The use of parental leave by fathers remains at a low level in Poland. The reasons for this lie in the way the family policy system is designed and also in cultural norms regarding care and gender. Consequently, Polish fathers and mothers have different possibilities for actually taking parental leave.
Method: The analysis is based on qualitative data gathered during in-depth interviews with Polish mothers and fathers. In total, 53 interviews were conducted with parents of children aged 1-8 from different socio-economic situations and with different attitudes to parenthood and gender roles.
Results: The analysis shows that the opportunity structures of fathers and mothers differ distinctly. Fathers and mothers use different types of power in their relationship. Fathers usually use debilitative power that allows them to withdraw from unwanted obligations to care, and also not to take parental leave. In contrast, mothers use situational power, which helps them sustain control over family life. Both of these strategies for using power limit the other person’s right to use or not to use parental leave.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that there is a need to change the system of parental leave in Poland if gender equality is to be achieved.
Nanostructured heterogeneous photocatalyst materials for green synthesis of valuable chemicals
Authors: Li Yaru , Zhang Dongsheng , Qiao Wei , Xiang Hongwei , Besenbacher Flemming , Li Yongwang , Su Ren
Published: May 2022

The photocatalytic process employing nanostructured semiconductor materials has attracted great attention in energy production, CO2 reduction, and water/air purification for decades. Recently, applying heterogeneous photocatalyst for the synthesis of valuable chemicals is gradually emerging and considered as a promising process for the conversion of cheap resources (i.e., biomass derivatives, polyols, and aromatic hydrocarbons). Compared with traditional thermal catalytic approaches, the photocatalytic process provides a mild reaction condition and flexible platform (photocatalyst) that allows precise tweaking of reaction intermediates and reaction pathways, thus resulting in fine control of the selective synthesis of specialized chemicals that are challenging for thermal catalysis. In this review, we summarize recent achievements in photocatalytic synthesis of various industrial important chemicals via photo-oxidative and photo-reductive processes. The selective oxidation of alcohols and aromatics, epoxidation of alkenes, hydrogenation of gaseous molecules and hydrocarbons, and coupling reactions by means of various photocatalysts including metal oxides, supported plasmonic metal nanostructures, conjugated organic polymers, anchored homogeneous catalysts, and dye-sensitized heterostructures are discussed from a material perspective. In addition, fundamental understandings of reaction mechanisms and rational design of nanostructured photocatalysts for enhancing efficiency, selectivity, and stability are discussed in detail.
Minimisation of Shape Deviation Between an Inflatable Aerofoil and a Target Areofoil Profile
Authors: Bezuidenhout B. , Venter G. , Venter M. P.
Published: May 2022

The use of inflatable wings for unmanned aerial vehicles over their fixed-winged counterparts has many advantages. However, there are difficulties associated with predicting the profile of the inflatable wing, which makes achieving a desirable aerofoil profile non-trivial. This research
aimed to formulate a design methodology which would determine the uninflated geometry for an inflatable aerofoil profile, accurately fitting that of a target or prescribed profile. The aspects omitted from the scope of this work includes the aerodynamic performance and stiffness of the inflated
aerofoils. The resulting uninflated geometry is suitable to construct a physical model. The methodology proposed incorporates numerical shape optimisation on finite element models. A series of structured numerical experiments determine robusticity of the established methodology by altering
the thickness of the target aerofoil profile and increasing its complexity. For each case, the methodology successfully satisfied its aim, producing accurate fits between the inflated numerical model and the target aerofoil profile. When validated, the inflated shape of the numerical model
proved to predict that of its corresponding physical model accurately for both simple and more complex geometries.
Mitochondrial Exhaustion of Memory CD4 T-Cells in Treated HIV-1 Infection
Authors: Younes Souheil-Antoine
Published: May 2022

People living with HIV (PLWH) who are immune non-responders (INR) to therapy are unable to restore their CD4 T-cell count and remain at great risk of morbidity and mortality. Here the mitochondrial defects that characterize memory CD4 T-cells in INR and causes of this mitochondrial exhaustion are reviewed. This review also describes the various reagents used to induce the expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α), the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, which can restore mitochondria fitness and CD4 T-cell proliferation in INR. Due to sustained heightened inflammation in INR, the mitochondrial network is unable to be rejuvenated and requires attenuation of mediators of inflammation to rescue mitochondria and CD4 T-cell counts in INR.