bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acoustic response of patchy-saturated porous media: Coupling Biot's poroelasticity equations for mono- and biphasic pore fluids
Authors: Solazzi Santiago G. , Castromán Gabriel A. , Barbosa Nicolás D. , Holliger Klaus , Rubino J. Germán
Published: August 2024

Patchy saturation is a term used in the seismic prospecting literature to describe the state of a geological formation in which two immiscible pore fluids prevail in mesoscopic-scale clusters. If the pore fluids have contrasting compressibilities, wave-induced fluid pressure diffusion (FPD) processes may induce significant attenuation and velocity dispersion on seismic waves. Biot's monophasic poroelasticity theory is widely used to model the seismic response of rocks containing binary patches of two immiscible pore fluids. Even though effective fluid approximations may help to represent more realistic partially saturated patches using Biot's monophasic equations, the so inferred dissipation may not be representative of actual biphasic FPD phenomena. In this work, Biot's equations for mono- and biphasic fluids are combined to model FPD processes in porous media, comprising fully and partially saturated patches. An analytical solution for one-dimensional layered patchy-saturated media is presented which permits to explain some, as of yet enigmatic, experimentally observed characteristics such as increased seismic attenuation and stiffening effects occurring at low saturations. The results show that the existence of an additional diffusive wave mode within partially saturated patches may render conventional binary and effective fluid approaches incorrect and error prone.
Thermoviscous dissipation of nonlinear acoustic waves in channels with wavy walls
Authors: Sahithi Krishna , Gupta Prateek
Published: August 2024

We derive a nonlinear acoustic wave propagation model for analyzing the thermoviscous dissipation of nonlinear acoustic waves in narrow pores with wavy walls using the boundary layer theory. As a nonlinear acoustic wave propagates in a pore, the wave-steepening effect competes with the bulk dissipation, as well as the thermoviscous heat transfer and shear from the pore walls. Due to thermoviscous dissipation, the wave thickness increases beyond the weak shock thickness scale. Using the weak shock thickness scale, we obtain dimensionless linear and nonlinear model wave equations governing the shock–wall interactions. We also perform two-dimensional shock-resolved direct numerical simulation of the wave propagation inside the pores and compare the results with model equations. The direct numerical simulation and model calculations show that, for flat walls and shock strength parameter ϵ, the dimensional wall heat-flux and shear scale as ϵ. For wavy walls, the scaling becomes ϵ3/2−n(k) where k is the wall-waviness wavenumber and the exponent n increases from 0.5 for k = 0 to n(k)≈0.65 for k = 10, n(k)≈0.75 for k = 20, and n(k)≈0.85 for k = 40. Furthermore, we show that both the dimensionless scaled wall shear and wall heat-flux decrease with increasing k.
Chill Without Thrill: A Crossover Study on Whole-Body Cryotherapy and Postmatch Recovery in High-Level Youth Basketball Players
Authors: Pernigoni Marco , Perazzetti Andrea , Digno Mattia , Tessitore Antonio , Kamandulis Sigitas , Conte Daniele
Published: August 2024

Purpose: To assess the effect of whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) on postmatch recovery in basketball. Methods: Using a crossover design, 17 youth male players (age 16.2 [1.2] y, stature 190.5 [9.4] cm, body mass 79.2 [9.6] kg, experience 9.9 [3.9] y) completed 2 simulated matches, followed by WBC (4 min, −75 to − 85 °C) or a placebo intervention (CON). Countermovement-jump height, change-of-direction performance, 10- and 20-m sprint times, heart-rate variability (log-transformed squared root of the mean sum of the squared differences between R-R intervals [Ln-rMSSD]), muscle soreness, and perceived recovery (Perceived Recovery Status Scale [PRS]) were recorded at prematch, postmatch, postrecovery, and 24 hours postmatch. Additionally, Ln-rMSSD was recorded upon awakening on match day and the following morning. Results: Compared with CON, higher PRS values were reported in WBC at prematch and postrecovery (P ≤ .026), while no significant between-interventions differences were found for any other measure (P > .05). Regarding the effect of time, our findings revealed that 20-m sprint times, Ln-rMSSD, and PRS deteriorated in both interventions from prematch to postmatch (ie, acute changes, P ≤ .045), while muscle soreness worsened in WBC only (P ≤ .003). Conversely, countermovement-jump height, change-of-direction, and 10-m sprint performance were unaffected by match play in the acute phase (P > .05), while none of the investigated measures showed impairments at 24 hours postmatch, compared with prematch (P > .05). Conclusions: Overall, these findings suggest that WBC was mostly ineffective for improving postexercise recovery in the investigated sample, with benefits observed for perceived recovery being potentially influenced by the participants’ status at baseline (ie, higher prematch PRS scores in WBC compared with CON).
A Sporting Body Without Organs: Theorizing Un/Gendered Assemblages
Authors: Marciano Levenstein Janeanne
Published: August 2024

Responsive to the recent proliferation of anti-trans sports policies and state legislation, this essay argues for a deeper collaboration across sports studies and trans studies. I offer an analysis of the 2020 Gender Inclusion Policy enacted by USA Ultimate (the North American governing body for the sport of ultimate frisbee) alongside an analysis of my embodied experiences while playing the sport. I develop a set of interrelated terms—the sporting body without organs and un/Gendered assemblages—that build upon Deleuzian and trans studies onto-epistemologies. Beyond an exploration of the gendered policies of ultimate frisbee, this essay’s broader purpose is to redirect the conversation about trans athletes and anti-trans policies away from the topic of how and why bodies become organized into categorical inclusion/exclusion, toward a focus on sporting moments and movements when gender can become a malleable element of play.
Maize splicing-mediated mRNA surveillance impeded by sugarcane mosaic virus-coded pathogenic protein NIa-Pro
Authors: Du Kaitong , Peng Dezhi , Wu Jiqiu , Zhu Yabing , Jiang Tong , Wang Pei , Chen Xi , Jiang Sanjie , Li Xiangdong , Cao Zhiyan , Fan Zaifeng , Zhou Tao
Published: August 2024

The eukaryotic mRNA surveillance pathway, a pivotal guardian of mRNA fidelity, stands at the nexus of diverse biological processes, including antiviral immunity. Despite the recognized function of splicing factors on mRNA fate, the intricate interplay shaping the mRNA surveillance pathway remains elusive. We illustrate that the conserved splicing factor U2 snRNP auxiliary factor large subunit B (U2AF65B) modulates splicing of mRNA surveillance complex, contributing to transcriptomic homeostasis in maize. The functionality of the mRNA surveillance pathway requires ZmU2AF65B-mediated normal splicing of
upstream frameshift 3
(
ZmUPF3
) pre-mRNA, encoding a core factor in this pathway. Intriguingly, sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV)–coded nuclear inclusion protein a protease (NIa-Pro) hinders the splicing function of ZmU2AF65B. Furthermore, NIa-Pro disrupts ZmU2AF65B binding to
ZmUPF3
pre-mRNA, leading to dysregulated splicing of
ZmUPF3
transcripts and, consequently, impairing mRNA surveillance, thus facilitating viral infection. Together, this study establishes that splicing governs the mRNA surveillance pathway and identifies a pathogenic protein capable of disrupting this regulation to compromise RNA immunity.
Early science and colossal stone engineering in Menga, a Neolithic dolmen (Antequera, Spain)
Authors: Lozano Rodríguez José Antonio , García Sanjuán Leonardo , Jiménez-Espejo Francisco J. , Álvarez-Valero Antonio M. , Arrieta Jesús M. , Fraile-Nuez Eugenio , García-Alix Antonio , Montero Artus Raquel , Martínez-Sevilla Francisco
Published: August 2024

Megaliths represent the earliest form of monumental stone architecture. The earliest megalithic chambers in Europe appeared in France in the fifth millennium BCE. Menga is the oldest of the great dolmens in Iberia (approximately 3800 to 3600 BCE). Menga’s capstone #5 weighing 150 tons is the largest stone ever moved in Iberia as part of the megalithic phenomenon and one of the largest in Europe. The research presented here proposes a completely innovative interpretation of how this colossal monument was built. It comprises a geoarchaeological analysis encompassing three major components: (i) the angles of the planes of each stone, (ii) the stratigraphic polarity of each structural element, and (iii) the depth of the foundations. Our results show that Menga is a unique example of creative genius and early science among Neolithic societies. It was designed as a completely original engineering project, for which we know of no precedents in Iberia.
Novel, active, and uncultured hydrocarbon-degrading microbes in the ocean
Authors: Howe Kathryn L. , Zaugg Julian , Mason Olivia U.
Published: August 2024

Given the vast quantity of oil and gas input to the marine environment annually, hydrocarbon degradation by marine microorganisms is an essential ecosystem service. Linkages between taxonomy and hydrocarbon degradation capabilities are largely based on cultivation studies, leaving a knowledge gap regarding the intrinsic ability of uncultured marine microbes to degrade hydrocarbons. To address this knowledge gap, metagenomic sequence data from the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill deep-sea plume was assembled to which metagenomic and metatranscriptomic reads were mapped. Assembly and binning produced new DWH metagenome-assembled genomes that were evaluated along with their close relatives, all of which are from the marine environment (38 total). These analyses revealed globally distributed hydrocarbon-degrading microbes with clade-specific substrate degradation potentials that have not been reported previously. For example, methane oxidation capabilities were identified in all
Cycloclasticus
. Furthermore, all
Bermanella
encoded and expressed genes for non-gaseous
n
-alkane degradation; however, DWH
Bermanella
encoded alkane hydroxylase, not alkane 1-monooxygenase. All but one previously unrecognized DWH plume member in the SAR324 and UBA11654 have the capacity for aromatic hydrocarbon degradation. In contrast,
Colwellia
were diverse in the hydrocarbon substrates they could degrade. All clades encoded nutrient acquisition strategies and response to cold temperatures, while sensory and acquisition capabilities were clade specific. These novel insights regarding hydrocarbon degradation by uncultured planktonic microbes provides missing data, allowing for better prediction of the fate of oil and gas when hydrocarbons are input to the ocean, leading to a greater understanding of the ecological consequences to the marine environment.

IMPORTANCE

Microbial degradation of hydrocarbons is a critically important process promoting ecosystem health, yet much of what is known about this process is based on physiological experiments with a few hydrocarbon substrates and cultured microbes. Thus, the ability to degrade the diversity of hydrocarbons that comprise oil and gas by microbes in the environment, particularly in the ocean, is not well characterized. Therefore, this study aimed to utilize non-cultivation-based ‘omics data to explore novel genomes of uncultured marine microbes involved in degradation of oil and gas. Analyses of newly assembled metagenomic data and previously existing genomes from other marine data sets, with metagenomic and metatranscriptomic read recruitment, revealed globally distributed hydrocarbon-degrading marine microbes with clade-specific substrate degradation potentials that have not been previously reported. This new understanding of oil and gas degradation by uncultured marine microbes suggested that the global ocean harbors a diversity of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, which can act as primary agents regulating ecosystem health.
Deciphering the adsorption machinery of Deep-Blue and Vp4, two myophages targeting members of the
Bacillus cereus
group
Authors: Nuytten Manon , Leprince Audrey , Goulet Adeline , Mahillon Jacques
Published: August 2024

In tailed phages, the baseplate is the macromolecular structure located at the tail distal part, which is directly implicated in host recognition and cell wall penetration. In myophages (i.e., with contractile tails), the baseplate is complex and comprises a central puncturing device and baseplate wedges connecting the hub to the receptor-binding proteins (RBPs). In this work, we investigated the structures and functions of adsorption-associated tail proteins of Deep-Blue and Vp4, two
Herelleviridae
phages infecting members of the
Bacillus cereus
group. Their interest resides in their different host spectrum despite a high degree of similarity. Analysis of their tail module revealed that the gene order is similar to that of the
Listeria
phage A511. Among their tail proteins, Gp185 (Deep-Blue) and Gp112 (Vp4) had no structural homolog, but the C-terminal variable parts of these proteins were able to bind
B. cereus
strains, confirming their implication in the phage adsorption. Interestingly, Vp4 and Deep-Blue adsorption to their hosts was also shown to require polysaccharides, which are likely to be bound by the arsenal of carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) of these phages’ baseplates, suggesting that the adsorption does not rely solely on the RBPs. In particular, the BW Gp119 (Vp4), harboring a CBM fold, was shown to effectively bind to bacterial cells. Finally, we also showed that the putative baseplate hub proteins (i.e., Deep-Blue Gp189 and Vp4 Gp110) have a bacteriolytic activity against
B. cereus
strains, which supports their role as ectolysins locally degrading the peptidoglycan to facilitate genome injection.

IMPORTANCE

The
Bacillus cereus
group comprises closely related species, including some with pathogenic potential (e.g.,
Bacillus anthracis
and
Bacillus cytotoxicus
). Their toxins represent the most frequently reported cause of food poisoning outbreaks at the European level. Bacteriophage research is undergoing a remarkable renaissance for its potential in the biocontrol and detection of such pathogens. As the primary site of phage-bacteria interactions and a prerequisite for successful phage infection, adsorption is a crucial process that needs further investigation. The current knowledge about
B. cereus
phage adsorption is currently limited to siphoviruses and tectiviruses. Here, we present the first insights into the adsorption process of
Herelleviridae
Vp4 and Deep-Blue myophages preying on
B. cereus
hosts, highlighting the importance of polysaccharide moieties in this process and confirming the binding to the host surface of Deep-Blue Gp185 and Vp4 Gp112 receptor-binding proteins and Gp119 baseplate wedge.
Small hydrophobic (SH) proteins of
Pneumoviridae
and
Paramyxoviridae
: small but mighty
Authors: Brynes Adam , Williams John V.
Published: August 2024

Small hydrophobic (SH) proteins are a class of viral accessory proteins expressed by many members of the negative-stranded RNA viral families
Paramyxoviridae and Pneumoviridae
. Identified SH proteins are type I or II transmembrane (TM) proteins with a single-pass TM domain. Little is known about the functions of SH proteins; however, several possess viroporin activity, enhancing membrane permeability of infected cells or those expressing SH protein. Moreover, several SH proteins inhibit apoptosis and immune signaling pathways within infected cells, including TNF and interferon signaling, or activate inflammasomes. SH proteins are generally nonessential for viral replication
in vitro
, but loss of SH is often associated with reduced replication
in vivo
, suggesting a role in enhancing viral replication or evading host immunity. Analogous proteins are expressed by a variety of pathogens of public health importance; thus, understanding the functional importance and mechanisms of SH proteins provides insight into the pathogenesis and replication of negative-sense RNA viruses.
Draft genome sequence of a methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
strain isolated from a chronic wound
Authors: Allison Kira N. , Mejlaoui Rayhane , DeZeeuw Katrina G. , Marek Jonah E. , Cassol Edana , Overhage Joerg
Published: August 2024

We report the draft genome sequence and antimicrobial resistance gene profile of a methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) clinical isolate recovered from a chronic pressure injury wound infection of an adult female patient. The draft genome sequence included a 2.86-Mb chromosome, which was accompanied by a 27-kb plasmid containing
blaZ
.
Arc magma heterogeneity induced by subslab mantle upwelling
Authors: Li Xiaohui , Guo Kun , Li Sanzhong , Yang Huixin , Pi Ju-lien , Zhong Yuan , Chen Long , Suo Yanhui , Stern Robert J. , Wang Xiaoyuan , Li Dongyong , Yu Shengyao
Published: August 2024

Tomographic images of the Ryukyu subduction zone suggest upwelling of asthenospheric mantle through slab tears; this can affect the genesis of arc magma. However, geochemical evidence testing this hypothesis is lacking. Here, we analyzed magnesium (Mg) isotopes of volcanic rocks from various regions in the Ryukyu subduction zone and combined these with trace element and Sr-Nd isotopes to understand how heterogeneous mantle contributed to arc magmas. The δ26Mg values of Okinawa Trough samples (−0.30‰ to −0.09‰) are sometimes slightly higher than those of typical mantle; we think this reflects the role of slab-derived ﬂuids. Kueishantao lavas exhibit radiogenic Sr-Nd isotopes and mantle-like δ26Mg values (−0.27‰ to −0.19‰), which are primarily contaminated by the continental crust. Notably, samples from the northern Taiwan volcanic zone display lower δ26Mg values in basalts (−0.45‰ to −0.28‰) and higher values in andesitic rocks (−0.18‰ to −0.14‰). We postulate that elevated δ26Mg values stem from the contribution of slab-derived fluids. Conversely, the heat and material transported by upwelling of subslab asthenosphere around the slab edge or tear may induce melting of carbonate sediment at subarc depths to yield low-δ26Mg melts, explaining the lower δ26Mg values in basalts. This study provides direct geochemical evidence underscoring the involvement of subslab asthenospheric material in the formation of arc magma and helps elucidate the causes of arc mantle heterogeneity.
Supplemental Material: The timing of Missoula floods: Implications for the age of Grand Coulee (eastern Washington, USA)
Authors: Lehnigk Karin E. , al. et
Published: August 2024

 Additional details on methods and samples.  
The Dirichlet Problem for an Elliptic Functional Differential Equation with the Compressed, Expanded, and Rotated Argument
Authors: Rossovskii L. E. , Tovsultanov A. A.
Published: August 2024

The paper is devoted to the Dirichlet problem in a plain bounded domain for a linear divergent-form second-order functional differential equation with the compressed (expanded) and rotated argument of the highest derivatives of the unknown function. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the Gårding-type inequality are obtained in algebraic form. The result may depend not only on the absolute value of the coefficients but also on their signature. Under some restrictions on the structure of the operator and the geometry of the domain, the questions of existence, uniqueness, and smoothness of generalized solutions are studied for all possible values of the coefficients and parameters of transformations in the equation, even when the equation is not strongly elliptic.
Five years of discourse related to Indonesia tobacco control reform: a content analysis of online media coverage
Authors: Amalia Beladenta , Astuti Putu Ayu Swandewi , Cohen Joanna E
Published: August 2024

Background

In 2017, Indonesia initiated the amendment of its 11-year-old tobacco control regulation (PP 109/2012) to reduce smoking among youth, but the process was stalled. The proposed changes in the regulation include a full ban on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship (TAPS), increasing health warning label (HWL) size and regulating electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). This study analysed the arguments and actors for and against the PP 109/2012 amendment in online media articles.

Method

Content analysis of 326 online articles reporting on the PP 109/2012 amendment published from 2018 to 2023, retrieved from the Tobacco Watcher platform. We coded articles for statements supporting or opposing the amendment (position statement), content of the arguments used to support (supporting argument) and oppose (opposing argument) the amendment, actors presenting the arguments and tobacco control measures. We iteratively reviewed and coded data and presented the frequency of categories.

Results

Of 332 position statements, 53.3% were against the amendment. The main categories of supporting arguments (N=1448) included smoking trends (21.1%), health implications (16.6%), science-based evidence (9.6%) and protecting the population (9.2%). Opposing arguments (N=1413) emphasised the tobacco farmers’ welfare (16.6%), impact on the industry (16.4%) and current regulation is sufficient (11.0%). Supporting actors were predominantly health-related entities and government officials (89.3%), while 62.1% of opposing actors included trade and Islamic groups, the tobacco industry and front groups. HWLs, e-cigarette/heated tobacco product regulation and TAPS were the main (77.8%) tobacco control measures mentioned in the proamendment arguments, while HWLs, TAPS and cigarette sale restrictions were the dominant (79.3%) tobacco control measures in anti-amendment arguments.

Conclusion

Indonesia’s tobacco control reform faced opposition by false claims primarily from industry allies, resulting in a 5-year delay in enactment. Future tobacco control media advocacy must address these claims and emphasise the alignment of economic interests with public health goals.
Symmetry-resolved entanglement entropy for local and non-local QFTs
Authors: Pirmoradian Reza , Tanhayi M. Reza
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we investigate symmetry-resolved entanglement entropy (SREE) in free bosonic quantum many-body systems. Utilizing a lattice regularization scheme, we compute symmetry-resolved Rényi entropies for free complex scalar fields and a specific class of non-local field theories, where entanglement entropy (EE) exhibits volume-law scaling. We present effective and approximate eigenvalues for the correlation matrix used in computing SREE and demonstrate their consistency with numerical results. Furthermore, we explore the equipartition of EE, verifying its effective behavior in the massless limit. Finally, we comment on EE in non-local quantum field theories and provide an explicit expression for the symmetry-resolved Rényi entropies.
Meson scattering in a non-minimally Lorentz-violating scalar QED at finite temperature
Authors: Araújo M. C. , Maluf R. V. , Furtado J.
Published: August 2024

In this paper we study meson scattering in a non-minimally Lorentz-violating scalar QED at finite temperature. The meson scatterings were investigated in tree level and the finite temperature effects were addressed by using the thermofield dynamics formalism. We have considered three types of scattering, namely, meson-antimeson of a-type into meson-antimeson of b-type, meson-antimeson of a-type into meson-antimeson of a-type and meson-meson of a-type into meson-meson of a-type. For each scattering we have computed the cross section in order to investigate the influence of the finite temperature effects.
New norm and numerical radius bounds
Authors: Sababheh Mohammad , Moradi Hamid Reza
Published: August 2024

Finding new bounds for norms and the numerical radius of certain matrix forms is a renowned topic that has attracted numerous researchers. In this paper, we show some new bounds for unitarily invariant norms and the numerical radius of certain matrix forms that involve products of matrices and sums of products.

New arithmetic-geometric mean-type inequalities and a refinement of the celebrated Cauchy–Schwarz inequality are shown among the obtained results.

Our results are compared with those in the literature through numerical examples and rigorous approaches.
PUBLIC PARTICIPATION MECHANISM IN LOW-CARBON TRANSPORTATION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CARBON NEUTRALITY
Authors: ZHANG LINLING , LI SHUANGQUN , ZHANG WEI
Published: August 2024

Under the goal of carbon neutrality, public participation in green travel is the fundamental premise of low-carbon transportation development. Based on the multiple mediation effect model, this paper explores the mechanism of social interaction on public participation in low-carbon transportation, and the hierarchical regression method is used to test the moderating effect of social network intensity and information network intensity. The results show that: (1) Both network media and social relations have a prominent positive effect on public participation, but the effect of network media is better than that of social relations. (2) Network media and social relations affect residents’ low-carbon travel behavior through three mediating variables, namely, traffic information, environmental protection knowledge and social norms. (3) The moderating effect of social network intensity on the relationship between network media and low-carbon travel behavior is prominently negative, while the moderating effect of information network intensity is significantly positive. Therefore, it is necessary to stimulate more public participation in low-carbon transport through real-time pushing of traffic information and strengthening the closeness of social relations.
New treatment of red/blue shifts of emitted photons in terms of Kerr–Newman black hole parameters
Authors: Trad Houssam Eddine , Khodja Lamine
Published: August 2024

This study presents a method for determining the mass, angular momentum, and charge of Kerr–Newman black holes by analyzing the red/blue shifts of photons emitted by geodesic neutral massive objects. We derive the equations of motion for photons in the Kerr–Newman spacetime. We obtain explicit expressions for redshift/blueshift photons emitted by an object orbiting a Kerr–Newman black hole. Finally, using the Boyer–Lindquist coordinates, we express the red/blue shifts in terms of the metric parameters.
Status of SUSY searches in CMS: Focus on top squark, gluino and electroweakino searches
Authors: Mishra Tribeni
Published: August 2024

The search for new physics such as supersymmetry and other beyond-the-standard-model physics is a major goal of the LHC physics program. The report will cover the most recent results of supersymmetry searches using Run 2 data collected during 2016–2018 with the CMS detector at the LHC.
A Method for Automatic Characterization and Measurement of Ceramic Materials Using Virtual Instrumentation
Authors: Djordjević Miloš , Paunović Vesna , Danković Danijel
Published: August 2024

This paper describes a new method for measuring and characterizing electrical parameters of ceramic materials. In addition, a comparison of experimental results obtained by manual measurement and an application of a new method for characterizing doped BaTiO3 ceramics at different temperatures and frequencies was performed. An LCR meter and a programmable testing furnace were used to measure the material’s dielectric parameters as a function of temperature. When measuring the parameters using the manual method, the results were obtained by manual control of the LCR meter, that is, they were measured by manually setting the parameters. The results were compared with those obtained using a new method for automatic control of the LCR meter, for which an application was developed. This comparison shows that feature measurement can be done fully automatically. By measuring samples of Er/BaTiO3 doped ceramics, it was possible to compare the results obtained by both methods. Based on the analysis of the measured results, it can be concluded that the new method is more precise, and the results are easier to manipulate in further work. In addition, the new method enables greater reproducibility of measurements, compared to the application of the manual method, which allows one measurement to be performed during the day. The described new method provides the possibility to measure material characteristics without the presence of a human factor.
Electric quadrupole transitions of 98–112Ru atomic nuclei via conformable fractional Bohr Hamiltonian
Authors: Likéné A. A. Atangana , Nga Ongodo D. , Ema’a Ema’a J. M. , Abiama P. Ele , Ben-Bolie G. H.
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we investigate the energy spectra, wave functions and the [Formula: see text] transition rates for [Formula: see text]Ru atomic nuclei, using the conformable fractional Bohr Hamiltonian model. For the [Formula: see text]-part of the potential, the newly proposed Yukawa plus modified exponential potential is considered and the harmonic oscillator potential in [Formula: see text]-part, with [Formula: see text] fixed around [Formula: see text]. By using the conformable fractional Nikiforov–Uvarov method, energy spectra and wave functions are obtained analytically. The sensitivity of the potential parameters and the spectra with respect to the fractional order parameter is investigated. The normalized fractional energies and fractional electric quadrupole transition rates are compared with the available experimental predictions and those from existing theoretical studies. Comparisons are made at different values of the fractional derivative order. The results are presented across a broader range of values of [Formula: see text], providing a systematic analysis of how variations in this parameter influence the energy spectra, wave functions, and [Formula: see text] transition rates in Ru nuclei. Overall, the comparison of our results with experimental data shows the good accuracy of our model, especially when the fractional parameter goes to lower values. It can be concluded that the order of fractional derivative plays a crucial role in refining theoretical predictions of electric quadrupole transition rates, especially for transitions involving higher multipolarities.
EDGE-HYPER-WIENER INDICES OF SIERPINSKI NETWORKS
Authors: YAO YIQI , DU CAIMIN , XI LIFENG
Published: August 2024

The edge-hyper-Wiener index is the sum of the distances and the square of distances between all pairs of edges. Using the technique of finite pattern, we obtain the exact formulas of edge-hyper-Wiener indices of fractal networks modeled by the classical Sierpinski gasket.
COMPARING THE EFFECTS OF CYCLE TIME PROTOCOLS OF AUSSIE CURRENT NEUROMUSCULAR ELECTROSTIMULATION ON MULTIFIDUS MUSCLE ACTIVITY IN CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: Kuhn Guilherme de Conto , Bloemer Aline , Alves Gabriel Galhardo , Franzen Júlio Augusto , Linzmeyer Alessandra , Fréz Andersom Ricardo , Aragão Fernando Amâncio , Carvalho Alberito Rodrigo de , Bertolini Gladson Ricardo Flor
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Neuromuscular electrostimulation (NMES) represents a therapeutic approach for addressing chronic low back pain (CLBP); however, the influence of NMES dose on muscle activity remains subject to debate.

Objective: To compare the impact of two distinct NMES protocols employing Aussie current, characterized by varying dosages emphasizing time cycle alterations, on electromyographic activity within the multifidus muscles in individuals afflicted with CLBP.

Methods: A randomized clinical trial encompassed 18 volunteers diagnosed with mechanical CLBP. These volunteers were randomly assigned to two NMES intervention groups with dissimilar dosages: 15 repetitions ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]) and 30 repetitions ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text] ). In both interventions, the current amplitude was tailored to individual perception and documented at the culmination of each session. Over the course of four weeks, two sessions took place per week. Electromyographic activity of the multifidus muscles was evaluated using surface electromyography before and after the intervention. The assessment focuses on both time-domain analysis using Root Mean Square (RMS) and frequency-domain analysis involving mean activation frequency (FREQ).

Results: There are no interactions between the time and intervention, but there is the time effect on RMS, indicating that post-intervention muscle activity exceeded pre-intervention values in both groups. FREQ values did not exhibit statistically significant discrepancies.

Conclusions: This study showed that NMES using the Aussie current is effective in increasing muscle activity in individuals with CLBP, and the results were not influenced by the different cycle times with equal volumes.
Usuba’s theorem is optimal
Authors: Goldberg Gabriel
Published: August 2024

This paper answers a question of Usuba [Extendible cardinals and the mantle, Arch. Math. Logic 58(1–2) (2019) 71–75], establishing the optimality of the large cardinal assumption of his remarkable theorem that if there is an extendible cardinal, there is a minimum inner model from which the universe of sets can be obtained as a forcing extension.
Dynamic Optimal Control Analysis of CCUS Green Technology Innovation in Coal-Fired Power Plants Under Dual Carbon Policy
Authors: Pu Han , Wang Xinping , Su Chang , Zhang Cheng
Published: August 2024

To enhance the environmental benefits of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) in coal-fired power plants (CFPPs), the government has implemented carbon trading and tax policies. These policies aim to encourage green technological innovations in these plants. Consequently, CFPPs have increased their investments in emission reduction and carbon capture technologies, alongside accumulating knowledge from these investments. Understanding the relationship between these technology inputs is crucial to help plants balance their efforts and to guide government regulation to foster green innovation. This paper constructs a dynamic optimal control model that incorporates the dual carbon policy’s impact on emission reduction and carbon capture technology inputs, factoring in knowledge accumulation. It examines changes in inputs and benefits under profit and social welfare optimization. A comparative analysis using numerical simulation reveals that the two inputs have a complementary substitution effect, knowledge accumulation enhances input stability, and social incentives are more effective than monopoly incentives. Additionally, the impact of carbon trading and tax policies on these inputs varies with policy intensity.
Study on Nonlinear Flutter Characteristics of Single-Box Section and Twin-Box Section as a Three-Degree-of-Freedom System
Authors: Hu Peng , Yuan Bangrong , Han Yan , Li Kai , Cai C. S. , Chen Xu
Published: August 2024

The accurate prediction of the nonlinear flutter response is one of the important prerequisites for accurately evaluating the post-flutter performance of long-span bridges. In fact, as the vibration amplitude increases, the participation of lateral degree-of-freedom (DOF) will become more and more obvious and thus ignoring self-excited forces related to lateral vibration may no longer be applicable. To this end, based on 18 amplitude-dependent flutter derivatives (FDs), a 3-DOFs coupled nonlinear flutter analysis method was proposed in this study. Then, 18 amplitude-dependent FDs of two typical bridge decks were identified, and they were used to calculate the 3-DOF coupled nonlinear flutter responses based on the proposed flutter analysis method. Meanwhile, the correctness of the above flutter analysis method was also verified by compared with the numerical simulation results. Finally, the influence and mechanism of the lateral DOF, structural modal parameters and amplitude-dependent FDs on the nonlinear flutter of these typical bridge decks were investigated. The results show that when the torsional amplitude of the nonlinear flutter is large, the participation of lateral DOF will significantly increase the steady-state amplitude of the nonlinear flutter, and the larger the torsional amplitude, the more significant this increase is. The main reason is the participation of the lateral DOF introduces the negative coupled aerodynamic damping to the system, which then reduces the stability of the system. Besides, for the twin-box section, the influence of the lateral DOF on the nonlinear flutter is relatively smaller compared with the single-box section since the proportion of negative aerodynamic damping by the lateral DOF is smaller. Compared with the single-box section, the mass of the twin-box section has a smaller effect on the critical wind speed, and the torsional structural damping ratio of the twin-box section has a greater effect on the nonlinear flutter.
Stochastic Resonance Effect in Segmented Underdamped Asymmetric Tristable System and its Application in Weak Signal Detection Research
Authors: Zhang Gang , Cao Longmei , Wu Mingjun , Li Zhaorui
Published: August 2024

This paper proposes a novel segmented underdamped asymmetric tristable stochastic resonance (SUATSR) system. The research involves deriving the equivalent potential function for the underdamped background and analyzing the system’s output saturation. Results demonstrate that the SUATSR system effectively mitigates output saturation issues, enhancing the output amplitude. The study also employs adiabatic approximation theory to derive theoretical expressions for mean first passage time (MFPT) and spectral amplification (SA). The paper discusses the impact of varying system parameters on these performance indicators. Numerical simulations of the classical tristable stochastic resonance (CTSR), segmented underdamped tristable stochastic resonance (SUTSR) and SUATSR systems validate the theoretical derivations. Furthermore, the three systems are applied to different bearing fault tests and optimized using the adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA). The results demonstrate that the SUATSR system outperforms the other two systems, exhibiting higher SA and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values at the fault frequency. This highlights the SUATSR system’s superior noise resistance and its effectiveness in detecting and enhancing fault signals.
Prediction of Noise Reduction Effect of Sound Barriers and Evaluation of Noise Annoyance
Authors: Su Kai , Cao Rong , Wang Qin , Peng Zhongshan , He Yulong
Published: August 2024

This study was conducted to assess noise annoyance following the installation of various types of sound barriers on elevated roads and to forecast the noise reduction effect. The level of annoyance was evaluated using a five-level linguistic rating scale, and noise values were anticipated for each floor of the building using Cadna/A software based on different road service levels. The results showed that for each service level road, the sound barrier’s noise reduction impact was most pronounced at heights of 3.5–5[Formula: see text]m, and the ratio of the acoustic barrier’s length extension to its distance from the building should not be greater than 4:1. After comparison, it was found that the fully enclosed sound barrier has the best noise reduction effect. Additionally, the noise annoyance level varied significantly at different service levels, with 60.5[Formula: see text]dB chosen as the noise threshold value. This study could offer an optional path for noise reduction facility design.
n-weak injective and n-weak flat modules under m-semidualizing bimodules
Authors: Amini Mostafa , Bennis Driss , Khattari Mourad
Published: August 2024

Let [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be rings, the [Formula: see text] two non-negative integers and [Formula: see text] an (faithfully) [Formula: see text]-semidualizing bimodule. In this paper, we introduce, via special super finitely presented module [Formula: see text] with respect [Formula: see text], the concepts of [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-weak injective and [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-weak flat modules, and then we obtain some characterizations of two classes of these modules, namely [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] which are larger than that of [Formula: see text]-weak injective and [Formula: see text]-weak flat modules, respectively. Also, we investigate Foxby equivalence relative to these modules. Then over any arbitrary ring, we show some nice properties from the classes [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text].
Discrete Element Modeling of Irregular-Shaped Particles Using an Automatic Generation Algorithm-Based Multi-Sphere Model
Authors: Chen Likuan , Ma Huaqing , Zhou Lianyong , Yuan Hui , Zhao Yongzhi
Published: August 2024

Within the Discrete Element Method (DEM) framework, the multi-sphere model capable of creating irregular-shaped particles by several sub-spheres attracts increasing attention. Traditionally, the creation of irregular-shaped particles using the multi-sphere model requires manual determination of the position and diameter of each sub-sphere, which extremely increases the difficulty and workload of DEM modeling of irregular-shaped particles. To tackle this issue, a new automatic generation algorithm that helps to create arbitrary-shaped multi-sphere particles automatically was developed in this study. The quality of created multi-sphere particles can be easily controlled by adjusting the number of sub-spheres and size factor referred to as the size ratio of the smallest sub-sphere to the largest sub-sphere. To verify the effectiveness of the newly developed automatic generation algorithm, two verification tests were conducted in this study: (i) The packing behavior of irregular-shaped particles in a rectangular container and (ii) the mechanical behavior of irregular-shaped particles under the uniaxial compression. The fill heights of the simulations were in line with those of the experiments with an error of less than 8%. The mechanical behavior of irregular-shaped particles under the uniaxial compression can also be well reproduced. Besides, the influence of important parameters on simulation accuracy was also investigated. The results demonstrated that the newly developed automatic generation algorithm can accurately create complex-shaped particles with a small number of sub-spheres. Increasing the number of sub-spheres will improve the simulation accuracy but at the expense of computational efficiency. A larger size factor leads to higher computational efficiency in DEM simulation but is accompanied by a significant loss of accuracy.
Phase transition of RN-AdS black hole with dark energy
Authors: Ghaderi K. , Pradhan Anirudh , Dixit Archana , Shekh S. H.
Published: August 2024

This paper focuses on the examination of various thermodynamic properties of RN-AdS black hole surrounded by quintessence, which is considered as one of the most widely accepted models of dark energy. The investigation involves the determination of temperature, entropy, heat capacity, pressure, equation of state, and Gibbs free energy for this particular black hole. By employing the laws of thermodynamics pertaining to black holes and considering the influence of quintessence, the impact on these quantities is thoroughly analyzed. Additionally, graphical representations of these quantities are depicted, and based on the critical points obtained, the stability and phase transition of the system are assessed. The study further delves into the examination of stability, instability, and the Swallowtail behavior of the system. Notably, due to the discontinuity in the heat capacity, a phase transition occurs within the system, resembling Van der Waals-like phase transitions that transpire between small, intermediate, and large black holes.
Fabrication of Graphene/Ag Composite Aerogels with Excellent Microwave Absorption Property
Authors: Xu Lihui , Cai Yangfang , Liu Yangchun , Pan Hong , Shi Xiaolin , Wang Liming , Shen Yong , Zhao Shiyi
Published: August 2024

Graphene/Ag composite aerogels (GA/Ag) with three-dimensional hierarchical porous microstructure were prepared by in-situ formation of silver nanoparticles obtained from AgNO3 into the porous structure of graphene aerogel. When the used AgNO3 concentration was 12[Formula: see text]wt.%, the specific surface area of the obtained GA/Ag was 128.6[Formula: see text]m2g[Formula: see text], which was higher than that of GA. GA/Ag exhibited electrical resistivity of 0.63[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]cm and excellent microwave absorption property with the minimum reflection loss of −40[Formula: see text]dB at 10.9[Formula: see text]GHz with the corresponding effective absorption bandwidth of 4[Formula: see text]GHz (8.8–12.8[Formula: see text]GHz). The GA/Ag composite aerogels enabled multiple reflection loss and absorption of incident electromagnetic waves, realizing excellent microwave absorption effects based on impedance matching and efficient synergy. It could be predicted that GA/Ag with a hierarchical porous structure may show potential application prospects in the field of microwave absorption.
A new spectral-based index for graphs and its application to polyaromatic compounds
Authors: Aremu Kazeem Olalekan , Abubakar Muhammad Shafii , Aphane Maggie , Kosebinu Kazeem
Published: August 2024

In this study, we introduce a novel index called the modified inverse sum indeg (MISI) energy as an extension of the traditional inverse sum indeg (ISI) energy and neighbor degree sum energy. We devised an algorithm that employs the simplified molecular input line entry system (SMILES) formula of compounds to compute the MISI energy of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). Additionally, we established the bounds of the MISI energy for certain classes of graphs with fixed number of vertices. A strong correlation between the MISI energy and the total [Formula: see text]-electron energy of PAHs is observed through regression analysis. Remarkably, this correlation outperforms that achieved by the classical ISI energy. These findings highlight the enhanced effectiveness of the MISI energy as a descriptor for capturing significant molecular properties. Moreover, our study establishes a foundation for further theoretical extensions and practical applications in the field of chemical graph theory.
Follower persuade Leader Green Commitment: Exploring Sustainability in Pharma Companies
Authors: Munir Tanya , Atif Jamal Rao Muhammad , Watts Sean
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the impact of follower green knowledge (FGK) on leader green commitment through moderation (follower perceived organizational support) and mediation (leader motivation toward sustainable development goals). A total of 429 respondents from large pharmaceutical companies operating in different regions of Pakistan were selected. PLS-SEM and Johnson–Neyman plots were used for the conditional moderation mediation model. The results of the hypotheses including the conditional moderation mediation model were significant. Moreover, follower knowledge is a vital asset for persuading leader commitment when followers receive organizational support and leaders are motivated to adopt sustainable development goals. This study opens new avenues for leadership development programs. Moreover, enhancing green awareness and knowledge through training stimulates innovation and promotes experimentation with new environmentally friendly practices within the organization. Organizations must recruit new employees who possess green knowledge. This study adopts a leadership perspective based on the concept of sustainable followership. This study reveals the importance of followers in bringing leaders’ internal willingness toward sustainability development goals. This study uses leader–member exchange theory to highlight the importance of followers in creating a sustainable culture through their knowledge, awareness and support from peers.