bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Penyuluhan DBD Dengan Media Video Terhadap Pengetahuan Mayarakat di Kampung Kesepatan, Cilincing Jakarta Utara
Authors: Nuur Ramdhani Aisyah , Ernawati Kholis , Jannah Fathul , Multi Etnistyadi Rizon Jody , Furqon Abdusyakur Ahmad , Batubara Lilian , Sosiawan A. Tunru Insan
Published: August 2022

Perilaku masyarakat tentang Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) dan perilaku pemberantasan sarang nyamuk (PSN) merupakan salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya DBD. Perilaku dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan dan paparan informasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan tentang DBD menggunakan media video terhadap pengetahuan masyarakat di Kampung Kesepatan, Cilincing, Jakarta Utara.Desain penelitian menggunakan quasi experiment. Responden  adalah Ibu Rumah Tangga (IRT) di Kampung Kesepatan berjumlah 55 orang.  Media video yang digunakan untuk penyuluhan berjudul “Awas Nyamuk Jahat!” yang dibuat oleh Pusat Promosi Kesehatan, Kemenkes RI tahun 2004. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner berupa pilihan ganda berjumlah 12 pertanyaan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode analisis bivariat.Pengetahuan responden tentang DBD adalah sebelum penyuluhan yang mempunyai kategori baik sebanyak 8 responden (14,5%); setelah penyuluhan, yang mempunyai kategori baik meningkat menjadi 25 responden (45,5%). Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan nilai p sama dengan 0,000.Terdapat pengaruh penyuluhan tentang DBD dan perilaku PSN dengan media video terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan responden di Kampung Kesepatan, Cilincing, Jakarta Utara.Perlu adanya kegiatan penyuluhan DBD menggunakan media video dan media lainnya di daerah-daerah dengan kasus DBD tinggi
Issues for the Participation of the Republic of Belarus in the Institutional
Mechanism for Combating International Cybercrime
Authors: Goloventchik Marina
Published: August 2022

The exponential growth of computer and digital technology in the 21st century creates broad
opportunities for human societies, such as increased mobility, ease of communication, political
participation and access to information. Yet it has also given rise to a new type of criminal activity,
broadly defi ned as cybercrime. The author considers the regional cooperation of law enforcement
agencies in combating cybercrime via multilateral organisations such as the Collective Security Treaty
Organization and the Commonwealth of Independent States. Several mechanisms of cooperation
with the member states of these organisations are identifi ed. The author presents an argument for
modernisation and harmonisation of the international legal frameworks for fi ghting organized
crime and other forms of criminal activity aff ecting the member states. A case is also made for the
establishment of the specialised unit in the structure of Coordination Bureau for Organised Crime
Control in the Commonwealth of Independent States countries.
International Legal Instruments on the Use of Outer Space in the Global Agenda for Sustainable Development
Authors: Adamov Ilya
Published: August 2022

Key tracks in the evolution of international law on outer space are identifi ed and reviewed in
light of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. It is suggested that the United Nations
sustainable development agenda obliges states to consider the impact of their policies on progress
towards the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Priorities for improvements in international law are
defi ned, including space litter, the militarisation of outer space, and the protection of the environment
of the moon and other space bodies. The probabilities of specifi c scenarios are assessed in light of the
prospects for negotiating international treaties on the use of outer space. The author explains the need
for innovative international legal solutions that do not impact the foundations of international law.
International Standards as a Conceptual Framework for Improving Consumer Protection
Authors: Harupa Tatsiana
Published: August 2022

Issues in the interpretation of the international standards on individual consumer protection are
considered. A functional consumer protection framework is a key aspect of economic security of states
and regional economic alliances. Consumer protection is also evolving to respond to the new threats
and challenges of the global economic crisis. Implementing the international standards on consumer
protection in the national legal framework and regional treaties are viewed as a matter of urgency.
From a review of a selection of international legal instruments, the author identifi es several systemic
trends in the evolution of consumer protection standards, including an emphasis on the environment
and sustainable consumption, and facilitation of e-trade as a mechanism for strengthening the
economic security of states and regions.
The Polish Law 2011 “On Private International Law” as a Potential Model for Improvement of the Relevant Belarusian Legislation
Authors: Maskayeva Natallia
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the Law of the Republic of Poland of February 4, 2011 «On Private
International Law». The author analyses its structure and main provisions, reveals the possibilities
of taking the latter into account when improving Belarusian legislation on private international law.
Particular attention is paid to the norms of the Law concerning the choice of law made by the parties
(a party) of a legal relationship. Based on the results of the study, the author comes to the conclusion
that it is feasible to set forth in the Civil Code of the Republic of Belarus or in the Law of the Republic
of Belarus on Private International Law (provided that it was developed) the basic terms of private
international law, the confl ict-of-law regulation of a broad spectrum of private law relations, and a
wide scope of the mentioned choice, the norms on the possibility of applying the rules of foreign public
law; to preserve (in the Code) or to provide (in the Law) the category «foreign element», as well as the
norms on the procedure for establishing the content of foreign law and on the characterisation of legal
concepts; to unite in the Law the norms of the Private International Law in a narrow sense as well as
the norms of the International Civil Procedure. The author considered it inappropriate to enshrine in
the Code or in the Law the principle of proximity as a general corrective clause and the rule that the
choice of the applicable law is possible only in cases provided for by the Code (the Law).
On the Development of the Chinese Tourism Diplomacy from the later 1990s to 2020
Authors: Bai Xuetong
Published: August 2022

The paper presents a brief review of Chinese tourism diplomacy from the second half of the 1990s
and describe the contribution of tourism to the national economy and poverty reduction. Linkages
between tourism and domestic and foreign policies of China are also examined. The author traces the
evolution of state and non-state tourism management systems and describe the objectives and forms
of tourism diplomacy and its legal framework. China’s participation in specialised organisations on
tourism is examined, and its contribution to international cooperation on tourism and sustainable
tourism development is described. The author concludes that growing tourism exchanges in the late
1990s and legislative changes increased the numbers of tourists and made tourism a tool for China’s
diplomacy and foreign policy and an instrument for building its soft power and international prestige.
For the fi rst time in 2015, China moved tourism from the periphery to the centre of its international
activity. The COVID-19 pandemic created a new situation for the pursuit of diplomacy through
tourism, calling for new research into its mechanisms, and conceptual and institutional framework.
The theme of diplomacy through tourism in China is new to Belarusian historiography.
Malicious Activity in Cyberarea as a Ground for Introduction of Sanctions: Theory and Practice
Authors: Douhan Alena
Published: August 2022

Current article provides an overview of the practice of application of sanctions both of the UN Security Council and by states and regional organisations unilaterally with reference to malicious activity in cyberspace. Article idefines the notion of ‘sanctions’ in international law, refers to specific cases of malicious activity, practice of the use of sanctions by the UN Security Council and by states and regional organisations unilaterally, follows recent developments of legislation of the United States of America, European Union, United Kingdom and Australia; identifies contemporary tendencies and applicable areas of international law. The author identifies on the conclusion contemporary problems of the use of international and cybersanctions in cyberarea.
Wandalin Szukiewicz’s ideas about the social role of the archaeology
Authors: Вайтович Александра Владимировна
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the reconstruction of W. Szukiewicz’s views on the issue of the role of the archaeology in the society. The scholar didn’t leave the systematic explanation of the thoughts. Nevertheless, the study of his scientific works, newspaper notes and epistolary heritage allows to understand his main theses and ideas. He realised the value of the archaeological sites and artifacts and cared about drawing the attention of the compatriots to the local antiquities. According to W. Szukiewicz the priority should be given to the creation of the archaeological maps. The scholar urged the public to protect the archaeological heritage. He supported the idea of the organisation of the national museum. Moreover, he understood the importance of the scientific approaches to the formation of the museum collections. He kept in mind the popularisation of the archaeological and historical knowledge. W. Szukiewicz interpreted archaeological objects as key factor of the formation of national identity and called the specialists for participation in public life.
The history of Islam in Indonesian politics of memory
Authors: Кирчанов Максим Валерьевич
Published: August 2022

The article analyses the perception of the history of the Muslim community in the modern Indonesian politics of memory. For the first time in Belarusian historiography, the features of the historical politics or the politics of memory in modern Indonesia are considered. The novelty of the article lies in the integration of Indonesian issues into the contexts of modern interdisciplinary memorial studies. The key subjects of the politics of memory in Indonesia are determined in contexts of the revision of the history of political Islam in the second half of the 20th century. The activity of the media is considered as the main form of the revision of history, criticism of old historical narratives and the formation of a new memorial canon of the history of Indonesian Islam. Attempts to revise the history of Islam are analysed, including new interpretations of Muslim activists, who impact participated in the national movement. The author analyses the contradictions of historical politics in the context of integration of the history of Indonesian political Islam of the 20th century into the secular memorial canon. It is assumed that attempts to construct the history of political Islam in the modern collective Indonesian memory have a compromise character. The author shows how intellectuals assimilate the history of Islam, integrating it into the current memorial canon. It is noted that within the framework of the politics of memory, ideologically and politically controversial points related to the history of radical political Islam, which in the early model of national memory were marginalised and forgotten. Modern manipulations with historical memory are analysed as attempts to achieve a memorial compromise between secular intellectuals and representatives of the Muslim community.
On meromorphic solutions of the equations related to the first Painlevé equation
Authors: Gromak Elena V.
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we consider the generalised hierarchy of the first Painlevé equation which is a sequence of polynomial ordinary differential equations of even order that have a uniform differential-algebraic structure determined by the operator L~n. The first member of this hierarchy for n = 2 is the first Painlevé equation, and the subsequent equations of order 2n – 2 contain arbitrary parameters. They are named as higher analogues of the first Painlevé equation of 2n – 2 order. The article considers the analytical properties of solutions to the equations of the generalised hierarchy of the first Painlevé equation and the related linear equations. It is established that each hierarchy equation has one dominant term, and an arbitrary meromorphic solution of any hierarchy equation cannot have a finite number of poles. The character of the mobile poles of meromorphic solutions is determined. Using the Frobenius method, sufficient conditions are obtained for the meromorphicity of the general solution of the second-order linear equations with a linear potential defined by meromorphic solutions of the first three equations of the hierarchy.
The small parameter method in the optimisation of a quasi-linear dynamical system problem
Authors: Kalinin Anatoly I. , Lavrinovich Leonid I. , Prudnikova Darya Y.
Published: August 2022

We consider an optimisation problem for the transient process in a quasi-linear dynamical system (contains a small parameter at non-linearities) with a performance index that is a linear combination of energy costs and the duration of the process. An algorithm for constructing asymptotic approximations of a given order to the solution of this problem is proposed. The algorithm is based on the asymptotic decomposition by integer powers of a small parameter of the initial values of adjoint variables and the duration of the process that are finite-dimensional elements, according to which the solution of the problem is easily restored. The computational procedure of the algorithm includes solving the problem of optimising the transient process in a linear dynamical system, integrating systems of linear differential equations, and finding the roots of non-degenerate linear algebraic systems. We also show how the constructed asymptotic approximations can be used to construct optimal control in the problem under consideration for a given value of a small parameter.
A queueing system with a batch Markovian arrival process and varying priorities
Authors: Klimenok Valentina I.
Published: August 2022

We consider herein a single-server queueing system with a finite buffer and a batch Markovian arrival process. Customers staying in the buffer may have a lower or higher priority. Immediately after arrival each of the customer is assigned the lowest priority and a timer is set for it, which is defined as a random variable distributed according to the phase law and having two absorbing states. After the timer enters one of the absorbing states, the customer may leave the system forever (get lost) or change its priority to the highest. When the timer enters another absorbing state, the customer is lost with some probability and the timer is set again with an additional probability. If a customer enters a completely full system, it is lost. Systems of this type can serve as mathematical models of many real-life medical care systems, contact centers, perishable food storage systems, etc. The operation of the system is described in terms of a multidimensional Markov chain, the stationary distribution and a number of performance characteristics of the system are calculated.
On the uniqueness of higher order Gubinelli derivatives and an analogue of the Doob – Meyer theorem for rough paths of the arbitrary positive Holder index
Authors: Vaskovskii Maksim M.
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we investigate the features of higher order Gubinelli derivatives of controlled rough paths having an arbitrary positive Holder index. There is used a notion of the (α, β)-rough map on the basis of which the sufficient conditions are given for the higher order Gubinelli derivatives uniqueness. Using the theorem on the uniqueness of higher order Gubinelli derivatives an analogue of the Doob – Meyer theorem for rough paths with an arbitrary positive Holder index is proved. In the final section of the paper, we prove that the law of the local iterated logarithm for fractional Brownian motion allows using all the main results of this paper for integration over the multidimensional fractional Brownian motions of the arbitrary Hurst index. The examples demonstrating the connection between the rough path integrals and the Ito and Stratonovich integrals are represented.
Detection of human body parts on the image using the neural networks and the attention model
Authors: Sorokina Viktoria V. , Ablameyko Sergey V.
Published: August 2022

Human body parts detection is a challenging task, which has a lot of applications. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to detect human body parts on images using the OpenPose neural network and the attention model. The novelty of the proposed algorithm is that it is based on a convolutional neural network that uses non-parametric representation to associate the body parts with people in an image in combination with the attention model that learns to focus on specific regions of the input image. The algorithm is part of the Smart Cropping system developed by the authors with the aim to cut necessary pieces of clothing in images and prepare e-commerce catalogues.
Keterlibatan Negara dan Masyarakat Sipil Dalam Proses Menuju Demokratisasi di Indonesia
Authors: Putra Bayu Karunia , Sihidi Iradhad Taqwa
Published: August 2022

Hak dan kewajiban adalah suatu elemen yang penting untuk tetap dijaga dan dirawat dengan baik oleh bangsa Indonesia saat ini. Dikarenakan, terkait konteksnya pada kewarganegaraan, hak dan kewajiban menjadi nilai dasar yang wajib ada bagi setiap warga negara untuk membangun sebuah negara dan masyarakat yang baik pada nantinya. Karena, perkembangan negara dan masyarakat di Indonesia saat ini telah memunculkan berbagai bentuk persoalan yang wajib untuk dijawab secara bersama terkait dengan keterlibatan negara dan masyarakat, khususnya dalam proses menuju demokratisasi di Indonesia. Selain itu juga, dengan adanya demokratisasi dapat menciptakan kehidupan yang harmonis untuk kedepannya nanti. Dengan demikian bahwa, melalui adanya proses menuju demokratisasi dapat memberikan dampak yang positif dalam segala aspek kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keterlibatan negara dan masyarakat sipil dalam proses menuju demokratisasi di Indonesia, apakah sudah berjalan sesuai dengan harapan seperti, yang diamanahkan oleh Pancasila dan Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode studi literature, di mana sumber dan data diperoleh secara langsung melalui jurnal, buku, dan sumber tertulis yang lainnya. Hasil penelitian ini, keterlibatan negara dan masyarakat sipil dalam proses menuju demokratisasi telah berjalan membaik di Indonesia saat ini.
Pemidanaan Double Track Sistem Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Korupsi
Authors: Saputra Ervin Pratama , Artadi Ibnu , Sanusi Sanusi
Published: August 2022

Sistem pemidanaan double track system berupa pidana pokok dan pidana tindakan dapat diajtuhkan. Hakim terhadap pelaku tindak pidana korupsi yang termasuk dalam tindak pidana extra ordinary crime haruslah memiliki efek jera. Begitu pula dalam perkara Dinas PUPR kota Cirebon pada tahun anggaran 2017 terdapat pekerjaan peningkatan jalan Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo dalam pekerajaan tersebut terdapat temuan kelebihan bayar menyangkut volume maupun kualitas yang tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan dalam kontrak, yang mengakibatkan indikasi kuat karena adanya kerugian keuangan Negara/daerah sebesar Rp. 2.334.021.032,47. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian yuridis normatif, dengan cara mengkaji dan mendeskripsikan dari bahan-bahan pustaka yang berupa literatur, perundang-undangan dan beberapa berita yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan yang akan dibahas, dalam hal ini adalah berkaitan dengan pemidanaan terhadap pelaku tindak pidana korupsi dalam putusan  NO. 55 PIDSUS-TPK/2020/PN.BDG dan No. 10 TIPIKOR/2020/PT.BDG. Dalam Undang-Undang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi telah mengatur pidana pokok dan pidana tindakan, dalam hal ini pidana uang pengganti dalam kerugian keuangan Negara yang telah dinikmati terpidana. Tetapi dalam pemidanaan Tindak Pidana Korupsi, ada beberapa putusan hakim yang belum menerapkan double track system. Dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam menjatuhkan pidana harus melihat fakta-fakta dalam persidangan dan harus memperhatikan hal-hal yang meringankan dan memberatkan.
Delayed instabilities of water-retaining earth structures
Authors: Ubay-Anongphouth Irene Olivia , Alfaro Marolo
Published: August 2022

Aging earth fill dams that were constructed in the mid-1950’s are beginning to show signs of instability associated with time-dependent degradation of shear strength. The strength degradation can be attributed to fissures, leaching of cementation, and creep in highly plastic clays, among other issues. The time-dependent processes are being examined in an earth fill dam that experienced slope instability but did not result in a loss of water. This paper discusses research findings on the mechanisms of delayed slope instability of an earth fill dam. Identifying the operating mechanisms of instability is useful in developing sound and practical remedial measures. It is also a useful way of being more proactive on the part of engineers in assessing the stability of dams at other generating stations that may not satisfy modern dam safety standards.
Finite element modeling for predicting sound insulation of fixed windows in a laboratory environment
Authors: Mimura Marie , Okuzono Takeshi , Sakagami Kimihiro
Published: August 2022

This paper presents discussion of the prediction capability of three numerical models using finite element method for predicting the sound reduction index (SRI) of fixed windows having different dimensions in a laboratory environment. The three numerical models tested here only discretize the window part or windows part and the space around the windows to reduce the necessary computational cost for vibroacoustics simulations. An ideal diffused sound incidence condition is assumed for three models. Their predictability and numerical efficiency were examined over five fixed windows with different dimensions compared to measured SRIs. First, the accuracy of the simplest model in which the window part is only discretized with finite elements was examined. Acoustic radiation to the transmission field is computed using Rayleigh’s integral. Calculations were performed under two loss factor setups respectively using internal loss factors of each material and measured total loss factor of each window. The results were then compared with the measured values. Results revealed the effectiveness of using the measured total loss factor at frequencies around and above the coincidence frequencies. Subsequently, we tested the prediction accuracy of a numerical model that includes a niche existing in a laboratory environment. Also, hemispherical free fields around the window are discretized using fluid elements and infinite fluid elements. The results underscored the importance of including a niche in a numerical model used to predict sound reduction index below 1 kHz for smaller windows accurately. Nevertheless, this numerical model, including a niche, entails high computational costs. To enhance the prediction efficiency, we examined the applicability of a weak-coupling model that divides calculation procedures into three steps: (1) incidence field calculation to the window surface, (2) sound transmission calculation in fixed windows, and (3) sound radiation calculation from a window surface to a transmission field. Results revealed that the weak-coupling model produces almost identical results to those of a strong-coupling model, but with higher efficiency.
Know when to fold ‘em: Polycomb complexes in oncogenic 3D genome regulation
Authors: Doyle Emma J. , Morey Lluis , Conway Eric
Published: August 2022

Chromatin is spatially and temporally regulated through a series of orchestrated processes resulting in the formation of 3D chromatin structures such as topologically associating domains (TADs), loops and Polycomb Bodies. These structures are closely linked to transcriptional regulation, with loss of control of these processes a frequent feature of cancer and developmental syndromes. One such oncogenic disruption of the 3D genome is through recurrent dysregulation of Polycomb Group Complex (PcG) functions either through genetic mutations, amplification or deletion of genes that encode for PcG proteins. PcG complexes are evolutionarily conserved epigenetic complexes. They are key for early development and are essential transcriptional repressors. PcG complexes include PRC1, PRC2 and PR-DUB which are responsible for the control of the histone modifications H2AK119ub1 and H3K27me3. The spatial distribution of the complexes within the nuclear environment, and their associated modifications have profound effects on the regulation of gene transcription and the 3D genome. Nevertheless, how PcG complexes regulate 3D chromatin organization is still poorly understood. Here we glean insights into the role of PcG complexes in 3D genome regulation and compaction, how these processes go awry during tumorigenesis and the therapeutic implications that result from our insights into these mechanisms.
Long noncoding RNAs as therapeutic targets to overcome chemoresistance in ovarian cancer
Authors: Chen Linjiao , Wang Jie , Liu Qian
Published: August 2022

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been characterized to play an essential role in ovarian tumorigenesis via controlling a variety of cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, invasion, apoptotic death, metastasis, cell cycle, migration, metabolism, immune evasion, and chemoresistance. The one obstacle for the therapeutic efficacy is due to the development of drug resistance in ovarian cancer patients. Therefore, in this review article, we describe the role of lncRNAs in chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. Moreover, we discuss the molecular mechanism of lncRNAs-involved drug resistance in ovarian cancer. We conclude that lncRNAs could be useful targets to overcome chemoresistance and improve therapeutic outcome in ovarian cancer patients.
Pseudo-resonance structures in chiral alcohols and amines and their possible aggregation states
Authors: Zhu Huajie , Li Shengnan , Jia Yunjing , Jiang Juxing , Hu Feiliu , Li Longfei , Cao Fei , Wang Xiaoke , Li Shenhui , Ouyang Guanghui , Tian Gengfang , Gong Ke , Hou Guangjin , He Wei , Zhao Zheng , Pittman Charles U. , Deng Feng , Liu Minghua , Sun Kai , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: August 2022

We now report that some chiral compounds, like alcohols, which are not sterically hindered atropisomers nor epimer mixtures, exhibit two sets of simultaneous NMR spectra in CDCl3. Some other chiral alcohols also simultaneously exhibit two different NMR spectra in the solid state because two different conformers, A and B had different sizes because their corresponding bond lengths and angles are different. These structures were confirmed in the same solid state by X-ray. We designate these as pseudo-resonance for a compound exhibiting several different corresponding lengths that simultaneously coexist in the solid state or liquid state. Variable-temperature NMR, 2D NMR methods, X-ray, neutron diffraction, IR, photo-luminesce (PL) and other methods were explored to study whether new aggregation states caused these heretofore unknown pseudo-resonance structures. Finally, eleven chiral alcohols or diols were found to co-exist in pseudo-resonance structures by X-ray crystallography in a search of the CDS database.
Advances in the green synthesis and agrichemical applications of oxathiapiprolin derivatives
Authors: Li Tingting , Jin Jiamiao , Song Jia , Lv Jie , Jin Zhichao
Published: August 2022

Oxathiapiprolin was developed with high antifungal activity and novel target protein and is used in the oomycetes control for crop protection. The structural modifications of oxathiapiprolin are summarized. The achievements and challenges in the structural modification of oxathiapiprolin are also discussed in this mini review. The outlook in this field is perspected according to our own opinion and understanding on the development of oxysterol binding protein inhibition fungicides.
Performance of human papillomavirus E6/E7 mRNA assay for primary cervical cancer screening and triage: Population-based screening in China
Authors: Zhang Jing , Yang Di , Cui Xiaoli , Liu Guangcong , Cui Zhumei , Wang Chunyan , Piao Haozhe
Published: August 2022

Objective

Cervical cancer screening is very important in the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. In China, the cervical screening strategy needs to be improved. To explore a suitable cervical screening strategy in China, we evaluated the performance of the human papillomavirus (HPV) E6/E7 mRNA (Aptima HPV (AHPV)) assay in primary screening and different triage strategies for women undergoing routine cervical screening.

Methods

A total of 10,002 women aged 35 to 65 years of age were recruited in Liaoning Province and Qingdao City, China. Specimens were tested by liquid-based cytology (LBC) and the AHPV assay, and women who tested positive on any test were referred for colposcopy. Genotyping was performed on all high-risk HPV (HR-HPV)-positive samples. Test characteristics were calculated based on histological review.

Results

We identified 109 women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion or worse (HSIL+), including six with cervical cancer. The sensitivity of AHPV was clearly higher than that of LBC (92.7 [95% CI: 87.2, 97.2] vs. 67.9 [95% CI: 59.6, 76.1], p < 0.001). The specificity of AHPV was 93.0 (95% CI: 92.5, 93.5), which was lower than that of LBC (95.2 [95% CI: 94.8, 95.6], p < 0.001). There was no statistical difference between the positive predictive value of AHPV and LBC (13.5 [95% CI: 11.2, 16.2] vs. 14.3 [95% CI: 11.4, 17.6], p = 0.695). The difference of area under the curve (AUC) values between the AHPV test (0.928 [95% CI: 0.904, 0.953]) and LBC test (0.815 [95% CI: 0.771, 0.860]) in detecting HSIL+ was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Finally, among the three triage strategies, both the sensitivity (73.4 [95% CI: 65.1, 81.7]) and AUC (0.851 [95% CI: 0.809, 0.892]) of AHPV genotyping with reflex LBC triage were the greatest.

Conclusion

In summary, the AHPV assay is both specific and sensitive for detecting HSIL+ and may be suitable for use in primary cervical cancer screening in China. AHPV genotyping with reflex LBC triage may be a feasible triage strategy.
Multi-omics insights reveal the remodeling of gut mycobiome with P. gingivalis
Authors: Chen Si , Niu ChenGuang , Lv WanQi
Published: August 2022

As a keystone periodontal pathogen, Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) was suggested to be involved in the progression of systemic diseases by altering the intestinal microecology. However, studies concerning gut microbiome have focused entirely on the bacterial component, while the fungal community (gut mycobiome) has been overlooked. In this study, we aimed to characterize the alteration of gut mycobiome profile with P. gingivalis administration using mice fecal samples. Metagenomic analysis showed a distinct composition pattern of mycobiome and significant difference of beta diversity between control and the P. gingivalis group. Some fungal species were differentially characterized with P. gingivalis administration, among which Pyricularia pennisetigena and Alternaria alternata showed positive correlation with P. gingivalis. KEGG functional analyses revealed that three pathways, namely, “pentose and glucuronate interconversions”, “metabolic pathways”, and “two-component system”, were statistically enriched with P. gingivalis administration. Moreover, the alteration of gut mycobiome was also closely related with serum metabolites, especially lipid and tryptophan metabolic pathways. Taken together, this study demonstrated the alteration of fungal composition and function with P. gingivalis administration for the first time, and investigated the fungi–bacterial interaction and fungi–metabolite interaction preliminarily, providing a whole insight into gut mycobiome remodeling with oral pathobiont through multi-omics analyses.
Nosocomial dissemination of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae with high-risk clones among children in Shanghai
Authors: Du Qingqing , Pan Fen , Wang Chun , Yu Fangyuan , Shi Yingying , Liu Wenxin , Li Zhi , He Ping , Han Dingding , Zhang Hong
Published: August 2022

Objectives

Although hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) is an increasing public health problem, there remains limited epidemiological information regarding hvKp infections in children. Here, we conducted a clinical, molecular and phenotypic surveillance of hvKp strains in a pediatric population.

Methods

Non-repetitive K. pneumoniae (Kp) strains consecutively collected during 2019-2020 were screened for hypervirulence genes (prmpA, prmpA2, iucA, iroB, and peg344) using PCR. Positive strains were further characterized by four phenotypic assays (string test, serum killing assay, siderophore production, Galleria mellonella lethality assay), followed by murine sepsis model to determine virulence in vitro and in vivo. Also, capsular types, sequence types, plasmid replicon types, antimicrobial resistance determinants and susceptibility were analyzed.

Results

A total of 352 isolates were collected, wherein 83 (23.6%) were hypervirulence genes-positive Kp (hgKp). A significant increase in KPC-2-producing KL47-ST11 among hgKp strains was observed, from 5.3% (1/19) in 2019 to 67.6% (25/37) in 2020 (P<.0001), suggesting the potential dissemination of the hybrid virulence and carbapenem-resistance encoding plasmid among children. Further, hgKp isolates were classified into hvKp (n = 27) and hgKp-low virulence (hgKp-Lv) (n = 56) based on virulence phenotypic assays. In hvKp, diverse genetic clones were observed and K1-ST23 or K2-ST25 strains with sensitivity to multiple antibiotics were prevalent (25.9%, 7/27). Compared with hgKp-Lv, hvKp infection had a higher propensity to involve severe pneumonia (22.2% vs. 12.5%) in elder children and significant higher mortality in mice (P = 0.0086). Additionally, either hvKp or hgKp-Lv infections were mostly healthcare-associated and hospital-acquired (74.1% vs. 91.9%).

Conclusions

These data suggest that K1-ST23 and K2-ST25 are high-risk clones of hvKp, and the genetic convergence of virulence and carbapenem-resistance is increasing among children. Control measures are needed to prevent the dissemination in clinical settings.
Antifungal properties of (2S, 4R)-Ketoconazole sulfonamide analogs
Authors: Blass Benjamin E. , Puri Sumant , Sharma Rishabh , Day Brian M.
Published: August 2022

Invasive candidiasis remains a significant health concern, as it is associated with a high mortality risk. In addition, the risk of infection is significantly elevated in immunocompromised patients such as those with HIV, cancer, or those taking imcmunosuppressive drugs as a result of organ transplantation. The majority of these cases are caused by C. albicans, and C. glabrata is the second most common cause. These infections are typically treated using approved antifungal agents, but the rise of drug-resistant fungi is a serious concern. As part of our on-going effort to identify novel antifungal agents, we have studied the in vitro antifungal properties of a series of sulfonamide analogs of (2S, 4R)-Ketoconazole. Herein we report on the in vitro activity against the key fungal pathogens C. albicans, and C. glabrata.
Influence of geological structures on the occurrence of coalbed methane in Sima coal mine, China
Authors: Liu Hongyang , Zhang Boyang , Li Xuelong , Liu Chengwei , Wang Chen , Wang Feng , Cui Zhenhua , Chen Deyou
Published: August 2022

Geological structures of Sima coal mine in Shanxi Province were analyzed to understand the control effect of the geological structures on the occurrence of coalbed methane (CBM) in coal seam #3 of Sima coal mine. The CBM contents in the districts #2 and #3 of Sima coal mine were tested, and the effects of buried depth, fault and collapse column on the distribution of coalbed methane content are studied. The research results showed that: 1) The average content of CBM has a linear relationship with buried depth and overburden thickness, but in the smallscale range of buried depth, the dispersion between CBM and buried depth is very large. 2) Faults and collapse columns significantly affect the content of local CBM nearby, but from the largescale range such as the whole mining area, the average value of CBM content at a certain buried depth will not be affected by faults and collapse columns. 3) In the hanging wall of F29 normal fault, it is roughly estimated that the average escape rate of CBM near the fault is 13.9%, while in the footwall of F29 normal fault, this value is 0.7%–1.1%. The results show that there is a significant difference in the influence of the fault on the CBM content in the hanging wall and footwall. 4) The control effect of collapse column on CBM occurrence is related to the development height of collapse column, the cementation degree of collapse column, groundwater runoff conditions and other factors. It can be divided into three categories: aggregation action, escape action (such as collapse column X8) and no obvious effect (such as collapse column DX7).
Response of planktonic foraminifera to seasonal and interannual hydrographic changes: Sediment trap record from the northern South China Sea
Authors: Lin Hui-Ling , Lui Hon-Kit , Lin Tai-Chun , Wang You-Lin
Published: August 2022

Foraminifera play an important role in the organic and inorganic carbon pumps of the ocean. Understanding their responses in seasonal and interannual time scales to the climate and seawater chemistry changes is important for studying carbon cycles and paleoclimatology. This study examined about 5.1-year continuous mass fluxes in 2013/9-2019/8 and 1.8-year planktonic foraminiferal shell fluxes in 2016/8-2019/8 census from ten and four sets of sediment traps, respectively, moored at the South East Asia Time-series Study (SEATS) site in the northern South China Sea (SCS), the world’s largest marginal sea. A total of four sets of sediment trap mooring with 11 common species were identified, spanning from August 2016 to August 2019 with 8-day and 16-day collecting periods, which provided access to evaluate the impact of the prevailing monsoon system and interannual climatic conditions. Our results show that the winter monsoon enhances the nutrient inventories in the euphotic zone, supporting the productivity and the mass and shell fluxes. In addition to seasonal cycles, the variation of chlorophyll-a concentration in the SCS shows a strong response to wind speed under the influence of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The reduction in wind speed and the intensification of Kuroshio intrusion during the ENSO warm phases reduces the productivity and mass and shell fluxes, and vice versa in the case of the ENSO cold phases. The imprint of an ENSO cold phase (La Niña event) in 2017 was signified by 2–3-fold higher values than the 3-year average of total mass and foraminiferal shell fluxes. Instead of the common dominance of Trilobatus sacculifer and Globigerinoides ruber among species composition, Neogloboquadrina dutertrei was the predominant species comprising over 40%–60% of total shells greater than 212 μm. Furthermore, the interval with an elevated abundance of N. dutertrei lasted throughout January 2018 (four collecting intervals). Foraminifera shell fluxes were the lowest during warm months (March-August) in 2019, which was coeval with the increase in proportions of Orbulina universa and Globigerinella calida. The unusual species composition might signify a weak ENSO warm phase (A weak El Niño event) between September 2018 and August 2019.
Quantifying the spatial flow of soil conservation service to optimize land-use pattern under ecological protection scenarios
Authors: Wang Yudan , Liu Xianfeng , Li Jing , Wang Yida , Bai Jizhou , Zhou Zixiang
Published: August 2022

Land use pattern optimization is an effective approach for sustaining soil conservation service (SCS) under the influence of climate change and anthropogenic activities across the Loess Plateau of China. However, current studies establish ecological protection scenarios (EPSs) for land-use optimization based on the transfer matrix of EPS alone, which ignores the important role of scientific intervention by human beings on land-use patterns. To fill this knowledge gap, the Wuding River watershed was employed as the research object, and land use under three EPSs was simulated according to the transfer matrix, dry-wet zoning, slope, and soil and water loss zoning. The quantity of SCS and its spatial flow and benefit under different climate scenarios were then simulated and compared with those under natural development scenarios (NDSs). SCS was found to decrease due to the expansion of urban areas and agriculture under the NDSs and increase under the EPSs relative to the NDSs. In addition, under the EPSs, SCS restricted to dry-wet zoning exhibited no significant advantage over those without additional constraints. However, when complex constraints, such as dry-wet zoning, slope, and soil and water loss zoning, were combined, SCS was significantly improved in areas with large topographic fluctuations. Further, compared with that in 2000–2020, the benefit of SCS in future scenarios displayed an increasing trend in the direction of the mainstream. Owing to the cumulative benefit, when the spatial flow of the SCS upstream decreases with urban expansion, the benefit for the downstream area, which is provided by land-use optimization, will decrease. Overall, our findings provide a framework for land use optimization by incorporating ecosystem service flow, ultimately facilitating land management, ecological restoration, and soil erosion prevention.
Spatiotemporal variations in runoff and runoff components in response to climate change in a glacierized subbasin of the Upper Indus Basin, Pakistan
Authors: Adnan Muhammad , Liu Shiyin , Saifullah Muhammad , Iqbal Mudassar , Ali Ayaz Fateh , Mukhtar Muhammad Ahsan
Published: August 2022

Change in seasonal snowfall and glaciers ablation control year-to-year variations in streamflows of the Upper Indus Basin (UIB) and hence ultimately impacts the water availability in downstream areas of UIB. This situation calls for an urgent response to study the long-term variations in runoff components in response to climate change. The current study investigates the spatiotemporal variations in runoff and runoff components in response to climate change to the streamflows of the Gilgit River from 1981 to 2020 by using the University of British Columbia Watershed Model (UBC WM). Three statistical indices such as the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), the coefficient of determination (R2), and the correlation coefficient (CC) were used to evaluate the performance of UBC WM in simulating the streamflows against observed streamflows. According to statistical indices, the UBC WM performed fairly well during both calibration (1981–2000: R2 = 0.90, NSE = 0.87, and CC = 0.95) and validation periods (2001–2015: R2 = 0.86, NSE = 0.83, and CC = 0.92). Trend analysis revealed a significant increase in all runoff components with large interannual variations in their relative contributions to streamflows from 1981 to 2020. From 1981 to 2020, the average relative contribution of snowmelt, glacier melt, rainfall-runoff, and baseflow was estimated to be 25%, 46%, 5%, and 24%, respectively to the streamflows of the Gilgit River. Seasonal analysis showed that about 86% of total runoff was contributed to the Gilgit River during the summer season (April–September) while only 14% in the winter season (October–March). Further analysis of runoff at a spatial scale revealed that approximately 76% of the total runoff of Gilgit River is generated between elevations from 3680 to 5348 m while 19% of total runoff is generated at an elevation <3680 m and only 5% at an elevation >5348 m. Moreover, it was observed that groundwater contribution from soil lower zone (i.e., 76%) to streamflows was found greater than soil upper zone (i.e., 24%). The outcomes of this study will help the water resource managers and hydrologists to manage the water resources in downstream areas of the UIB for local consumption, industrial use, and agriculture.
Geochemical characteristics of crude oil in the eastern of Qinnan sag, Bohai Bay Basin, Eastern China
Authors: Shi Xukai , Liu Yan , Wang Deying , Liu Feng , Wang Feilong , Wen Zhigang , Xie Xiaomin , Wu Yuanzhe , Lu Zhongdeng
Published: August 2022

The oil and gas exploration degree of Qinnan sag is low. In this paper, all the 17 crude oil samples from the four reservoirs in the eastern Qinnan sag were taken as the research object. Research methods include GC-MS, stable carbon isotopic of crude oil and group components and other analytical methods. The geochemical characteristics of crude oil were studied by the main parameters, Pr/ph, γ/C31 hopane, Ts/Tm, 4MSI and C29 sterane isomerization. The results show that most of the hydrocarbon generating parent materials of all the 17 crude oils are reductive lacustrine sedimentary organic matter with higher salinity. The crude oil of Es12 is mainly derived from low aquatic algae, and the crude oil of Ed3, Ek and Mz shows the characteristics of a mixed source. The maturation characteristics of crude oils are low mature-mature. The stable carbon isotope of oil and the components is in the range of −30‰ to −26‰, which shows the distribution characteristics of δ13CST <δ13CASP <δ13CNOS <δ13CAR. The characteristics in B-6, C-1 and C-3 of crude oils show the heavy δ13CASP and high abundance of hopane, indicating that there is more contribution from bacterial sources. The crude oil from Es12 is mainly the contribution of Es1 source rocks. The crude oil of Mz, Ek and Ed3 is mainly the mixed source of Es1 and Es3 source rocks, and Es3 is the main source, and the oil source may mainly come from the southeast subsag. The carbon isotope of the component in Block D can be divided into two kinds of crude oil, which may contribute to the oil source of the Bozhong sag. The eastern of Qinnan sag has great hydrocarbon potential.