bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Review Protocol on the Effect of Yoga Intervention on Inflammatory Biomarkers among Women with Breast Cancer
Authors: Kaje Kaini Cecilia , Dsilva Fatima , T. Latha , TS Sanal , D'Souza Caren , Kumar Shishir
Published: October 2022

A systematic review protocol acts as a guide in the review process to prevent the introduction of bias, maintain transparency and allows reproducibility. Yoga intervention had been experimented on various health aspects such as physical functioning, health-related quality of life, psychosocial and emotional well-being among breast cancer populations, and the findings have been very encouraging. Studies are being performed on the effect of yoga intervention(s) at the molecular level by assessing the inflammatory cytokines and also stress hormones such as cortisol. This protocol is developed to escort in evaluating studies that have been performed on evidence-based yoga intervention at the level of cancer microenvironment, in women diagnosed with breast cancer, by assessing the inflammatory biomarkers and cortisol level, a primary stress marker, and a potent influence of inflammation. The findings will elucidate the picture of the cancer microenvironment as a result of yoga intervention.
Excess conductivity of HTSC ceramics YBa2Cu3O7–δ with TiO2 impurities
Authors: Savich C. V. , Samojlov O. V. , Kurbanov U. , Solovjov A. L. , Vovk R. V.
Published: October 2022

In this work, the conductivity of YBa2Cu3O7−δ ceramics doped with Ti was studied. It is shown that the introduction of the TiO2 impurity leads to an increase in the number of effective scattering centers for normal carriers. The excess conductivity of the studied samples in a wide temperature range obeys an exponential temperature dependence, and near Tc it is satisfactorily described by the Aslamazov–Larkin theoretical model. In this case, the addition of Ti leads to a significant expansion of the temperature interval for the existence of excess conductivity in the ab plane.
Dielectric and electrical properties of reduced graphene oxide paper after electron irradiation
Authors: Rudenko Roman , Voitsihovska Olena , Abakumov Alexander , Bychko Igor , Povarchuk Vasyl , Poroshin Volodymyr
Published: October 2022

We present the results of a study of the dielectric and electrical properties of macroscopic reduced graphene oxide paper (RGOP) before and after 1 MeV electron irradiation with a low dose of 1⋅1016 cm−2. It was found that the Coulomb interaction affects the transport of charge carriers and causes their strong localization within graphene domains. The conductivity of the RGOP can be described by the charge carrier tunneling through a disordered graphene quantum dot array. It was shown that charge carrier localization length decreases from 5–8 nm to 1–2 nm after electron irradiation. Structural and electrical studies revealed that the irradiated sample demonstrates electrical conductivity higher than the initial one, despite the lower sp2-carbon fraction, the lower localization length, unchanged average size of graphene domains, and the higher defect states and functional groups content. The improvement in conductivity is also accompanied by an increase in the dielectric permittivity ɛ from 5 for the initial RGOP to 35 after electron irradiation. The data obtained indicate that disordered regions can affect the electrical properties of reduced graphene oxide.
First-principles study on structural, mechanical, and electronic properties of REAuBi2 (RE = La–Pr, Sm) intermetallic compounds
Authors: Yu Xi , He Wei , Yang Tonghan , Wu Xiaowei , Chen Feikuo , Wu Weining , Bi Yifei , He Cuiyun
Published: October 2022

Rare earth noble metals compounds have a variety of physical properties, such as heavy fermions, topological, superconductivity, and so on. In this paper, the cohesive energy, mechanical, electrical, and magnetic properties of REAuBi2 (RE=La-Pr, Sm) and the mechanical properties of REAu (RE=La-Pr, Sm) were studied by first-principles calculations. The calculated cohesive energies of REAuBi2 are negative, indicating the stable structures of REAuBi2. The comparison between the mechanical properties of REAuBi2 and REAu, including the bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young’s modulus, and Poisson’s ratio, under ideal conditions is carried out. Electronic density of states, band structure, and phonon spectrum of REAuBi2 are also studied and discussed. LaAuBi2 alloy is in the paramagnetic state, while PrAuBi2 and SmAuBi2 alloys are in antiferromagnetic order obtained by the results of Birch–Murnagha equation fitting of cell volume and energy.
A combined MeV-neutron and x-ray source for the National Ignition Facility
Authors: Hohenberger M. , Kerr S. , Yeamans C. , Rusby D. , Meaney K. D. , Hahn K. , Heredia R. , Sarginson T. , Blue B. , Mackinnon A. J. , Hsing W. W.
Published: October 2022

In support of future radiation-effects testing, a combined environment source has been developed for the National Ignition Facility (NIF), utilizing both NIF’s long-pulse beams, and the Advanced Radiographic Capability (ARC) short pulse lasers. First, ARC was used to illuminate a gold foil at high-intensity, generating a significant x-ray signal >1 MeV. This was followed by NIF 10 ns later to implode an exploding pusher target filled with fusionable gas for neutron generation. The neutron and x-ray bursts were incident onto a retrievable, close-standoff diagnostic snout. With separate control over both neutron and x-ray emission, the platform allows for tailored photon and neutron fluences and timing on a recoverable test sample. The platform exceeded its initial fluence goals, demonstrating a neutron fluence of 2.3 ×1013 n/cm2 and an x-ray dose of 7 krad.
Subsystem density-functional theory: A reliable tool for spin-density based properties
Authors: Eschenbach Patrick , Neugebauer Johannes
Published: October 2022

Subsystem density-functional theory compiles a set of features that allow for efficiently calculating properties of very large open-shell radical systems such as organic radical crystals, proteins, or deoxyribonucleic acid stacks. It is computationally less costly than correlated ab initio wave function approaches and can pragmatically avoid the overdelocalization problem of Kohn–Sham density-functional theory without employing hard constraints on the electron-density. Additionally, subsystem density-functional theory calculations commonly start from isolated fragment electron densities, pragmatically preserving a priori specified subsystem spin-patterns throughout the calculation. Methods based on subsystem density-functional theory have seen a rapid development over the past years and have become important tools for describing open-shell properties. In this Perspective, we address open questions and possible developments toward challenging future applications in connection with subsystem density-functional theory for spin-dependent properties.
A novel ultrasonic wave-based analog Fourier transform computing system
Authors: Uy Robert Frederik Diaz , Bui Viet Phuong
Published: October 2022

The Fourier transform is a powerful tool that has manifold applications in various disciplines. With the rise of new applications, such as real-time image processing, there is a need for more efficient Fourier transformation methods. This has led to a number of advancements in the field of wave-based analog computing, with the development of the ultrasonic Fourier transform most recently. This paper presents an alternative design to existing ultrasonic Fourier transform analog computing systems, with its relative compactness being the main advantage. In this study, its capabilities and limitations are extensively examined.
Near-wall vortices and thermal simulation of coupled-domain transpiration cooling by a recursive regularized lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Zhang Zhihui , Wu Xiaoyu , Wang Xian
Published: October 2022

The present study aims to reveal the near-wall vortices and the effects of flow states in coupled-domain transpiration cooling using a recursive regularized thermal lattice Boltzmann method (RR-TLBM). Large-eddy simulations of turbulent flow and heat transfer have been conducted on high-resolution computational grids using a desktop-level computer with CUDA 11.6. Results indicate that the near-wall flow structures present spatial characteristics along the streamwise direction. The vortex evolution promotes the downstream heat dissipation, even though turbulence impairs the effective cooling area. The spanwise evolvement of vortices strengthens the mixing of coolant and hot gas, and small-scale structures are beneficial for turbulent heat transfer. Moreover, the transition onset occurs earlier at higher Reynolds numbers, and it weakens the downstream cooling. The cooling performance of the derived coolant film is improved as the Reynolds number varies from 5 × 103 to 3 × 104 with a blowing ratio of F = 10%, whereas the local cooling is impaired at the high Reynolds numbers exceeding 5 × 104. The variation in flow states has little influence on the cooling performance at the Reynolds numbers larger than 3 × 106. On the other hand, our in-house RR-TLBM solver is highly stable and efficient for the simulation of flow and heat transfer with high Reynolds numbers. Simultaneously, a high computational performance of 1127 million lattices updated per second is achieved for our simulation of a coupled-domain turbulent flow and heat transfer, using the desktop-level computer with three Tesla V100 graphics processing units.
Integrative species delimitation reveals fine-scale allopatric speciation in a good-flying insect: a case study on
Authors: Chou Ming-Hsun , Chu I-Hsuan , Lau Daniel , Huang Jen-Pan
Published: October 2022

Alpha taxonomy is fundamental for many biological fields. Delineation of the species boundary, however, can be challenging in a species complex, where different species share a similar morphology and diagnostic characters may not be available. In this context, integrative approaches that incorporate molecular and morphological data sets, and account for speciation history can be helpful to alpha taxonomy. Different approaches to species delimitation based on different assumptions are complementary and by integrating the results from multiple approaches we can generate a more reliable and objective taxonomic decision. In this study, we applied three molecular approaches to species delimitation and inferred the demographic history based on an isolation with migration model to test a morphologically based taxonomic hypothesis for the Cylindera pseudocylindriformis complex. We discuss the association between genetic divergence and microhabitat specialisation, and further corroborate that C. subtilis sp. nov. is a valid new species by integrating the results from model-based species delimitation and the genealogical divergence index. We argue that genetic endemism can occur at a small geographic scale, even in a winged insect like tiger beetles. Our results also indicated that there may still be undocumented species diversity of Taiwanese Cylindera remaining to be discovered. ZooBank LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9DEC1432-365C-4872-8D06-73B95F30624F
Argument Continuities in theory and practice
Authors: Pimenova Oxana
Published: October 2022

Argumentation on some public policy issues is conjugated with disagreement and power differentials.
Institutionally dominant arguers control the argumentation context through imposing authority rules which sometimes incentivize
them to respond to opposing arguers in a fallacious way1 – with “the repeating tokens of the
same counterarguments” and without considering the merits of opposing arguments. As produced in accordance with authority rules,
such fallacies are embedded in the dominant argumentative discourse and easily pass unnoticed. To detect them, I introduce
Argument Continuity (AC) – a new category of argumentative discourse analysis. AC is a set of the same arguments and
counterarguments repeatedly produced/reproduced by the dominant arguer through an adversarial reasoning process to disconfirm
opposing arguments and dismiss them. ACs are distinguished from other fallacies by their continuous nature and recursive way of
production. ACs have their own life cycle – a chain of reasoning dynamics developing in a path-dependent fashion and increasing
the cost of adopting a certain argument over time. I test the life cycle of ACs in a single case study – in consultations held by
the Crown with Indigenous peoples of Canada over a controversial resource development project. Although ACs are not specific to
the Crown-Indigenous relationships, they reveal how dominant arguers treat disagreement from epistemically diverse arguers. Based
on observed evidence, I develop three theoretical propositions of ACs, which can serve as guidelines for researching the
disconfirming mode of reasoning in other contexts of communication permeated by beliefs clash and power asymmetries.
Characterisation of heat-treated gradient alloy steel fabricated by laser melting deposition
Authors: Liang X.D. , Zhang S. , Wang Z.Y. , Zhang C.H. , Zhang D.X. , Wu C.L.
Published: October 2022

A gradient alloy steel prepared by laser melting deposition (LMD) was subjected to two heat treatments (quenching-intercritical quenching denoted as Q-IQ and quenching-intercritical quenching-tempering denoted as Q-IQ-T). Results showed that martensite microstructure was changed to a duplex microstructure of martensite and ferrite after heat treatment, with a small number of Cr23C6 phases appearing. The samples before and after heat treatment exhibited random crystallographic orientation, while the grain was refined and the fraction of Cr23C6 increased after heat treatment. The samples after heat treatment possessed more slip systems and exhibited a decrease in hardness and wear resistance in comparison with LMDed sample. The corrosion resistance decreased in the order of Q-IQ > Q-IQ-T > LMDed samples in 3.5 wt-% NaCl solution.
Aberrant phosphorylation inactivates Numb in breast cancer causing expansion of the stem cell pool
Authors: Filippone Maria Grazia , Freddi Stefano , Zecchini Silvia , Restelli Silvia , Colaluca Ivan Nicola , Bertalot Giovanni , Pece Salvatore , Tosoni Daniela , Di Fiore Pier Paolo
Published: October 2022

Asymmetric cell division is a key tumor suppressor mechanism that prevents the uncontrolled expansion of the stem cell (SC) compartment by generating daughter cells with alternative fates: one retains SC identity and enters quiescence and the other becomes a rapidly proliferating and differentiating progenitor. A critical player in this process is Numb, which partitions asymmetrically at SC mitosis and inflicts different proliferative and differentiative fates in the two daughters. Here, we show that asymmetric Numb partitioning per se is insufficient for the proper control of mammary SC dynamics, with differential phosphorylation and functional inactivation of Numb in the two progeny also required. The asymmetric phosphorylation/inactivation of Numb in the progenitor is mediated by the atypical PKCζ isoform. This mechanism is subverted in breast cancer via aberrant activation of PKCs that phosphorylate Numb in both progenies, leading to symmetric division and expansion of the cancer SC compartment, associated with aggressive disease. Thus, Numb phosphorylation represents a target for breast cancer therapy.
SPIN(DLY)-OFF: A tale of conformational change to control DYNEIN
Authors: Barbosa João , Sunkel Claudio E. , Conde Carlos
Published: October 2022

Barbosa et al. discuss work by Mussachio and colleagues (2022. J. Cell Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202206131) finding that conformational changes in the DYNEIN adaptor SPINDLY can precisely control DYNEIN activation at kinetochores.
Final report comparison of the calibrations of hydrometers for liquid density determination among SIM laboratories, SIM.M.D-S6
Authors: Becerra L O , Peña L M
Published: October 2022

Main text

The high accuracy hydrometer comparison is intended to be a regional supplementary comparison according to the Mutual Recognition Arrangements and be a support to entries for the CMC tables in this sub-field for participant laboratories.

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Two-dimensional localization in GeSn
Authors: Gul Y , Holmes S N , Cho Chang-Woo , Piot B , Myronov M , Pepper M
Published: October 2022

Localization behaviour is a characteristic feature of the p-type GeSn quantum well (QW) system in a metal–insulator–semiconductor device. The transition to strongly localized behaviour is abrupt with thermally activated conductivity and a high temperature intercept of 0.12 × e
2
ħ
−1 at a hole carrier density 1.55 × 1011 cm−2. The activation energy for the conductivity in the localized state is 0.40 ± 0.05 meV compared to an activation energy of ∼0.1 meV for conductivity activation to a mobility edge at carrier densities >1.55 × 1011 cm−2. Insulating behaviour can occur from a system that behaves as though it is in a minimum metallic state, albeit at high temperature, or from a conductivity greater than a minimum metallic state behaviour showing that local disorder conditions with local differences in the density of states are important for the onset of localization. In the presence of a high magnetic field, thermally activated conductivity is present down to Landau level filling factor <

1

/

2

but without a magnetic-field-dependent carrier density or a variable range hopping (VRH) transport behaviour developing even with conductivity ≪e
2
h
−1. In the localized transport regime in p-type doped Ge0.92Sn0.08 QWs the VRH mechanism is suppressed at temperatures >100 mK and this makes this two-dimensional system ideal for future many body localization studies in disordered hole gases that can be thermally isolated from a temperature reservoir.
Self-interacting freeze-in dark matter in a singlet doublet scenario
Authors: Ghosh Purusottam , Konar Partha , Saha Abhijit Kumar , Show Sudipta
Published: October 2022

We examine the non-thermal production of dark matter in a scalar extended singlet doublet
fermion model where the lightest admixture of the fermions constitutes a suitable dark matter
candidate. The dark sector is non-minimal with the MeV scale singlet scalar, which is stable in
the Universe lifetime and can mediate the self-interaction for the multi-GeV fermion dark matter
mitigating the small scale structure anomalies of the Universe. If the dark sector is strongly
coupled to yield a velocity dependent large self-interaction cross section, it undergoes internal
dark thermal equilibrium after freeze-in production. We essentially end up with suppressed relic
abundance for the fermion dark matter in a traditional radiation dominated Universe. In contrast,
the presence of a modified cosmological phase in the early era drives the fermion dark matter to
satisfy nearly the whole amount of observed relic. It also turns out that the assumption of an
unconventional cosmological history can allow the GeV scale dark matter to be probed at LHC from
displaced vertex signature with improved sensitivity.
The additional optical angular momentum flux in media with nonlocality of nonlinear optical response
Authors: Ryzhikov P S , Makarov V A
Published: October 2022

The additional terms caused by the nonlocality of the nonlinear optical response of the medium in the expressions for the optical angular momentum density, the optical angular momentum flux density and the torque density on light, which are related to each other by the angular momentum transformation law, are obtained as a consequence of peculiarities of the momentum conservation law in such media. It is shown that the manifestation of the nonlocality of the optical response only changes the form of polarization of medium included in the expression for the angular momentum density, whereas the definition of the angular momentum flux density contains additional term depending on the nonlocal nth order nonlinear optical susceptibility.
Bose–Einstein condensation of two-dimensional spin-1 Cooper pairs in a uniform magnetic field
Authors: Cheng Ze
Published: October 2022

Bose–Einstein condensation of two-dimensional spin-1 Cooper pairs in a uniform magnetic field is investigated within the framework of quantum statistical mechanics. We derive an exact analytical solution of two-dimensional spin-1 Cooper pairs in a uniform magnetic field, which involves a q-digamma function in mathematics. In two dimensions, it is found that the critical temperature and condensate fraction are monotonically increasing functions of magnetic field B, Landé factor g, and number density σ. Our investigation in two dimensions provides an example of the magnetic-field-tuned insulator-superconductor quantum phase transition.
Recent activity on electromagnetic exposure tests with cell culture samples
Authors: Fichte L O
Published: October 2022

The paper is aimed at reporting the recent findings of studies documenting cell cultures exposure to electromagnetic fields of various origin. Both thermal and non-thermal effects were analysed, highlighting the role of the specific absorption rate as a metric offering a common framework for comparison among different results. The main problems related to electromagnetic field exposure of cell cultures were identified as reporting accurate field magnitude and ensuring suitable environmental conditions for cell cultures in order to guarantee the reproducibility of the experiments.
Microwaves propagation through a small fire curtain at 3.55 GHz and 6.26 GHz and the impact on vital signs detection by using a four-element patch antenna array
Authors: Miclăuş S , Vatamanu D , Mitran R , Neghină C
Published: October 2022

The impact of the presence of a fire curtain not wider than 7 cm on an air path 150 cm long of two continuous waves at frequencies of 3.55 GHz and 6.26 GHz was quantified. Two identical patch array antennas with four linear elements were used at emission and reception and they were designed and characterized specifically for this purpose. The magnitude and phase of the transmission coefficient were measured by a vector network analyzer in all the experimental sessions. Comparing the air path and the air-plus-fire path of the waves, it resulted that fire induced shifts in magnitude and phase that depended on frequency and on the experimental setup. The heating of the antenna could have contributed to the overall observed effects. The detection of the human heartbeat by Doppler radar technique was not much influenced by the presence of fire, but the amplitude of the detected beats was increased. The array antennas produced noisy signals for the vital sign detection and the origin of this behaviour was hypothesized.
Minkowski fractal antenna based on 3D printing
Authors: Richterova M , Olivova J , Popela M , Blazek V
Published: October 2022

This paper describes the manufacturing of a Minkowski fractal antenna using a 3D commercial printer. The Minkowski fractal antenna was chosen for its simplicity and practical versatility. The paper also describes a manufacturing procedure for Minkowski fractal antenna by using metalic sprays. The design of the Minkowski fractal antenna in the MATLAB application using the Antenna Toolbox extension is also described, including 3D printing procedures, post processing procedures (plating) and practical testing of its functionality. The measured results are compared to simulations and then analysed.
Pre-compliance testing of the shielding effectiveness of 3D printed multiwall carbon nanotube/ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer composites in the 1 – 7 GHz range
Authors: Deaconescu D B , Vatamanu D , Miclăuş S , Stan F , Sandu I
Published: October 2022

Copolymer composites with 1-, 3- and 5 % weight concentration of carbon nanotubes (CNT) with average diameters of 9.5mm were fabricated using three different printing orientations: 0°, alternative ± 45°, and alternative +0°/- 90°. Shielding effectiveness (SE) of samples of 100x100x1 mm was measured with near-field probes connected to a vector network analyser based on a pre-compliance procedure. Both electric- and magnetic-shielding properties could be investigated. Using a reference material of a recognised producer, we emphasized comparative shielding properties in the (1-7) GHz range. Low SE values were generally observed for all samples, not exceeding 12.5 dB, but they were dependent on both the printing direction and CNT wt%. The measurements indicate that frequencies larger than 7 GHz may show better shielding properties. Also, indications of the best combination between CNT concentration and printing direction were deducted.
The Effect of 1.74 and 2.3 GHz Microwave Exposure of Ailanthus Altissima Leaf Extracts on their Antioxidant Content and Activity
Authors: Cocîrlea M D , Miclăuş S , Oancea S
Published: October 2022

Microwave (MW) irradiation in reactors with input power levels of 200-1000 W has been frequently applied for the extraction of natural compounds from vegetal material. The aim of the present research was to investigate the effect of much lower MW input powers (< 12 W) delivered through antennas into shielded enclosures on mixtures of ethanol solution-Ailanthus altissimaleaves (frozen and oven-dried), at different frequencies (1.74 and 2.3 GHz) and exposure times (0.5, 1 and 3 h). The phenolic content and antioxidant activity were quantified after the exposures. Significant differences between the antioxidant content/ activity and the type of raw material were found, in favour of frozen samples. After MW treatment, the bioactive content and activity increased in frozenAilanthusleaf extracts compared to control. No significant effect was observed in case of extracts prepared from oven-dried samples at 60°C. The ATR-FTIR analysis indicates no significant structural changes after the irradiation. These results revealed a better extractability of phenolic compounds following MW exposure in particular at 2.3 GHz.
Magnetic Hyperthermia with biocompatible coated nanoparticles: A temperature analysis
Authors: Aştefanoaei I , Stancu A
Published: October 2022

The magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) having the special (magnetic and thermal) properties are promising for Magnetic Hyperthermia. To increase their biocompatibility, these MNPs are covered by different organic shells as: chitosan, oleic acid or silica. When an external time - dependent magnetic field is applied, the temperature developed within a malignant cell is strongly influenced by the type of the material which covers the magnetic nanoparticle. This paper studies the temperature field induced by the MNPs covered by an organic shell within a concentric tissues configuration (malignant and healthy tissues). The shell thickness influences significantly the temperature field developed within a malignant tissue. These important effects should be considered in the computation of the specific particle doses corresponding to the hyperthermia treatment.
On the adapting ability of living organisms to stationary and non-stationary electromagnetic fields
Authors: Roşu G , Spandole-Dinu S , Catrina A-M , Tuţă L , Baltag O , Fichte L O
Published: October 2022

The adapting ability of living organisms is the key to survival of the species, and its scope is defined by homeostasis, meaning the tendency of any living system to maintain its biologic parameters. Heat shock proteins are part of a homeostasis system in charge with the regulation of damaged proteins caused by the action of several types of stressors. Among all types of stressors, the electromagnetic radiation has not yet been investigated in terms of heat shock protein response. Recent investigations regarding in vivo experiments using electromagnetic exposure from laboratory sources and commercial mobile phones indicate that the biologic response is more intense when using real life sources. This paper proposes a model for heat shock proteins expression as response to electromagnetic radiation exposure, based on a Hill controller.
Assessment of human exposure to EMF generated by 5G mobile phone base stations
Authors: Ursăchianu M V , Lăzărescu C , Bejenaru O , Sălceanu A
Published: October 2022

The paper presents a preliminary survey over human exposure to radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic field (EMFs) levels generated in the vicinity of the new 5G mobile phone base stations recently installed in different major cities in Romania in comparison with other different frequency bands already used for mobile phone base stations. Measurement of electromagnetic field levels has been performed in Iasi, one of the major cities of Romania. Measurements have been performed in different urban locations with a high density of mobile phone base stations (from national operators). The EMF exposure levels for different mobile communications technologies have been measured with a calibrated up to date NARDA SRM 3006 field strength analyser system connected to an isotropic electric field probe. The methodology described by ECC RECOMMENDATION (02)04 has been rigorously respected.
The benefit of biomedical explorations in elderly patients with respiratory pathology and dental diseases
Authors: Munteanu D , Perţea L I , Stătescu G , Vlase A , Ciorap R , Barbu M R
Published: October 2022

Some of the most common chronic respiratory diseases, incapacitating the development and quality of life of patients and directly correlated with oro-dental cavity are represented by asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (CPOD), a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the airways, in which mast cells, eosinophils and T lymphocytes, play an important role [1]. A better understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of these pathology became possible by accepting that the existence of chronic inflammation, with its variations, is reflected in the clinical condition of the elderly patients, with implications on the dental status. Therefore, the present research, using respiratory biomedical explorations, wants to establish a clinical and functional correlation in the case of elderly patients with respiratory diseases and who associate oro-dental pathologies. In the current conditions, in which the predominant viral damage is SARS-COV 2 infection, it is necessary to develop a clinical-functional algorithm to quickly establish a subsequent evolution and prognosis of elderly patients, which involve an increased predisposition to morbidity and mortality.
Electrical properties of the nanocomposite (copper, samarium)-containing complex compound
Authors: Semenov A O , Martyniuk V V , Evseeva M V , Osadchuk O V , Semenova O O
Published: October 2022

A new semiconductor material tetrakis-μ3-(methoxo)(methanol)-pentakis (acetylacetonate)(tricopper(II), samarium(III)) (I) with composition [Cu3Sm(AA)5(OCH3)4CH3OH], where HAA = H3C–C(O)–CH2–C(O)–CH3 has been synthesized. By the data of elemental analysis and physicochemical research methods, it was established that the obtained complex compound (I) contained atoms of copper (II) and samarium (III) in ratio Cu:Sm = 3:1, and its composition corresponded to the gross formula Cu3SmO15C30H51. Electrical conductivity of the obtained material in pressed form was measured. For the complex compound (I) such parameters were calculated: the number of valence electrons in one molecule − 272; mass of one molecule − 164.867∙10-20 kg; the total number of molecules in the cylindrical sample of a 0.131 g mass and a 18.24∙10-9 m3 volume − 7.946∙1013 moleculas; the total number of valence electrons − 272. In the 303~413 K temperature range, the resistivity of the pressed sample decreases from 4∙1011 to 7∙104Ohm∙cm, which confirms that the isolated compound is a semiconductor with a bandgap ΔE = 1.526 eV. Electrical conductivity properties of the complex compound as thermo- and magnetically sensitive element were studied, for this purpose a test sample of compressed material with 0.5×0.5×1.0 mm geometric dimensions was utilized.
Segmentation of panoramic dental radiographies for teeth displacement analysis
Authors: Bunta O , Stăncioi C M , Munteanu M , Abrudean M , Mureşan V
Published: October 2022

The primary goal of this work is to analyse the panoramic dental radiography from different perspectives and to obtain the best image after processing it, from which then can be extracted the necessary information. The complete system was built in such a way that a dental specialist may utilize it to better examine the characteristics of a patient's intraoral configuration. The system was developed with the Matlab work environment and includes a graphical user interface that the doctor may easily operate. Image - processing techniques were utilized during the development to process such an image, and the ones that proved successful will be detailed in this article. Furthermore, another aim of this system is to measure the intensity of each element of the denture, permitting a dental specialist to draw additional vital diagnoses. Some diagnoses can be identified automatically even after the raw image has been pre-processed. As a conclusion, each step executed with the software will aid in the analysis of panoramic dental radiography.
Quality of 3D reconstruction based on photogrammetry for small objects, a case study
Authors: Enesi I , Kuqi A , Zanaj E
Published: October 2022

3D reconstructions are widely used, the main challenge of them is the accuracy for small and detailed objects. Various software exist for 3D reconstruction, free and paid ones with various performances. In this paper the performance of 3D object reconstruction will be evaluated in terms of size accuracy regarding number of source photos. The aim of the paper is analysing the size accuracy of the reconstructed 3D models based on photogrammetry for small objects by configuring pipeline in Meshroom. Meshroom is used for 3D photogrammetry reconstruction and MeshLab is used for measurement, both are free software. Experimental results show a high accuracy for objects sizes. Although the tests are done for small objects, the results are promising for cloning body parts used for prosthetics.
Study on the implementation of the Industry 4.0 concept in medical device manufacturing
Authors: Ciorap M , Andriţoi D , Ciorap R , Dumitraş C
Published: October 2022

The importance of Industry 4.0 in healthcare is obvious. Medical device manufacturing is a highly regulated field making it challenging to introduce new technologies into the manufacturing process. Computer-aided design and manufacturing technology is used to develop custom medical devices. Respiratory diseases are due to the inability of the lungs to cope with the gas exchange at rest and effort. The causes can be multiple, from stenosis of the respiratory tract to the consequences of infections with various pathogens. Spirometry is one of the main methods used in this respect. This paper aims to develop a spirometer using a Venturi tube connected to the differential pressure sensor type MPX10DP. The Venturi tube was designed using FUSION 360 and 3D printed. The pressure sensor is connected to an amplifier made with the INA118 circuit, and the ARDUINO UNO microcontroller takes the signal. The program running on the computer calculates the forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1).
Material energy balance at articular cartilage: Bio-tribology
Authors: Tomar P
Published: October 2022

The synergy of heterogeneous macromolecules at the cartilage-cartilage tribological interface prevents friction under quasi-static mechanical loading. Viscoelastic rheology of soft biological membrane materials, hydration lubrication, and biomechanical diffusion integrate boundary lubrication at the superficial zone. Synchronization of mechanical efficiency is viable in alignment with mechanical work, energy expenditure, and reducing oxidative stress of environmental load in urban areas. Carbon nanoparticle’s evolution from anthropogenic activities inversely influence the quality of fuel oxidation. Anisotropic fibrous honeycomb structure panel is included for trapping random environmental carbon nanoparticles/particulate matter for favourable environmental indicators.
3D bioprinted extracellular vesicles for tissue engineering—a perspective
Authors: Han Pingping , Ivanovski Sašo
Published: October 2022

Harnessing three-dimensional (3D) bioprinted extracellular vesicles (EVs) holds great promise for advancing the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. EVs are naturally occurring biological nanoparticles that are emerging as powerful ‘cell-free’ nanotherapeutics characterized by a cargo of protein, lipids, or genetic material that can be delivered to recipient cells. Conventional 3D bioprinting utilizes bioinks, a mixture of biomaterial and live cells, to fabricate 3D constructs for tissue regeneration purposes. The utilization of EVs instead of living cells for bioprinting may achieve targeted EV delivery, thus addressing a key challenge of EVs application in tissue engineering, as well as overcoming the regulatory and cost-effectiveness issues of using live cells. Given that 3D bioprinted EVs combine the regenerative capabilities of both bioprinting and EVs, this perspective explores the existing literature reporting their applications in tissue engineering, which target angiogenesis, osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, myogenesis, and carcinoprevention. Technical challenges and future trends for 3D bioprinted EVs in biofabrication and tissue engineering are examined. Ultimately, a personalized bioprinted EVs concept and a workflow for future bioprinted EVs studies focussed on clinical translation are proposed.
Width determination for deep grooves in dark-field confocal microscopy measurements
Authors: Liu Jian , Jiang Yong , You Xiaoyu , Liu Chenguang
Published: October 2022

Dark-field confocal microscopy is effectively used for 3D surface and subsurface measurement due to its ability to suppress strong reflected signals from measured surfaces. However, in 3D characterization of microstructure morphology, edge imaging degrades due to the influence of microstructure edge occlusion, so the microstructure edge position cannot be accurately determined. This limitation is serious when dark-field confocal microscopy is used for width determination of deep grooves/step samples. In this paper, a method for determining the width for deep grooves in dark-field confocal microscopy is proposed to determine the edge position with the groove’s lower surface in focus. Experimental results show the width determination method has higher precision compared to conventional 1/4 edge determination, reducing the standard deviation by 57.58%.
Influence of the bath pH value on the microstructure and properties of a novel electrodeposited Ni-W-Ti3C2TX composite coating
Authors: Gao Mengyan , Chen Weiqing , Xiao Qi , Jiang Chang , Wang Xiang , Zhang Xuehui , Liang Tongxiang
Published: October 2022

According to the previous research, the hardness of Ni-W-Ti3C2TX composite coating is 24.3% higher than that of Ni-W alloy coating without adding Ti3C2TX. Meanwhile, the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the composite coating are significantly better than that of Ni-W coating. It is known that the electrodeposition process parameters have a great influence on the performance. The Ni-W-Ti3C2TX composite coating was prepared by the direct current deposition method. The influence of bath pH on the morphology, composition, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and friction resistance of the coating was systematically studied. The results show that the surface morphology of the coating is improved with the increase of pH value. The content of W in the coating decreases from 44.95 wt.% to 12.66 wt.%, and the grain size decreases from 77.1 nm to 8.9 nm. The hardness of the coating increases first and then decreases with the increase of pH under the joint action of fine grain strengthening and solution strengthening. When pH is 9, the corrosion resistance and tribological properties are the best, and the corrosion current density and wear rate are 1.782 × 10−3 mA·cm−2 and 0.865 × 10−6 mm3·n−1·m−1, respectively. A suitable pH value provides excellent surface quality, appropriate grain size and good hardness for the composite coating to show excellent corrosion resistance and friction resistance.
Twisted bilayered graphenes at magic angles and Casimir interactions: correlation-driven effects
Authors: Rodriguez-Lopez Pablo , Le Dai-Nam , Calderón María J , Bascones Elena , Woods Lilia M
Published: October 2022

Twisted bilayered graphenes (TBGs) at magic angles are systems housing long ranged periodicity of moiré patterns together with short ranged periodicity associated with the individual graphenes. Such materials are a fertile ground for novel states largely driven by electronic correlations. Here we find that the ubiquitous Casimir force can serve as a platform for macroscopic manifestations of the quantum effects stemming from the magic angle bilayered graphenes properties and their phases determined by electronic correlations. By utilizing comprehensive calculations for the electronic and optical response, we find that Casimir torque can probe anisotropy from the Drude conductivities in nematic states, while repulsion in the Casimir force can help identify topologically nontrivial phases in magic angle TBGs.
Effect of induction heating temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of HSLA square tubes
Authors: Wang Yu , Mehari Zelalem Abathun , Wu Junyuan , Han Jingtao
Published: October 2022

Severe strain hardening, thickness reduction, and large outer corner radius are three typical characteristics in the corner section of cold roll-formed steel. This paper presents a new manufacturing technology called cold and hot composite roll forming to improve the shape and properties in the corner section. In order to study the effect of induction heating temperature, a multi-pass cold and hot composite roll forming experiment for high-strength low-alloy steel (HSLA) square tubes was carried out under three different heating temperature ranges namely: the non-austenitizing zone, partial austenitizing zone, and austenitizing homogenizing zone. The microstructure and mechanical properties in the corner section of square tubes were studied using the material testing machine, optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Results showed that with the increase of induction heating temperature, the geometrical morphology and mechanical properties in the corner section of the cold and hot composite roll-formed square tube were significantly improved. Thus, compared with cold roll-formed square tubes, the corner thickness of cold and hot composite roll-formed square tubes was increased by 59%, the product of strength and elongation was increased by 48%, the outer corner radius was decreased by 91%, and no cracks appeared during the flattening test. Moreover, the proportion of granular bainite in the outer corner section increased, and the grain distortion in the inner corner section was relieved. The experimental results further showed that the austenitizing homogenizing zone was preferable among the three heating temperature ranges to manufacture high-quality HSLA square tubes.
Effect of controlled cooling process on the atmospheric corrosion behaviour of HRB400E hot rolled rebar
Authors: Qian Zhen , Bao Si-qian , Zhang Yong-qing , Qian Xue-hai , Chen Xue-liang , Feng Lei , Li Ming-quan
Published: October 2022

To address the problem of rusting of reinforcing bars that occurs in industry, the aim is to control the denseness of the iron oxide skin by changing the controlled cooling process without increasing the production cost, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the bars. In this paper, the effect of different cooling control processes on the industrial atmospheric corrosion behaviour of HRB400E hot-rolled rebar was investigated using alternating wet and dry corrosion tests. The morphology and structure of iron oxide on the surface and cross-section of the rebar were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and field emission electron probe microanalysis (EPMA); the corrosion products and electrochemical behaviour of the specimens after alternating wet and dry tests were compared using x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and electrochemical methods. The results showed that the hot-rolled rebar without controlled cooling had a dense surface, a thicker iron oxide skin and a tighter bond between the iron oxide skin and the substrate; the corrosion rate of the hot-rolled rebar without controlled cooling was less than that of the rebar with controlled cooling in the alternating wet and dry corrosion tests; the corrosion products mainly consisted of α-FeOOH, γ-FeOOH and Fe3O4; the self-corrosion potential and rust layer resistance of the hot rolled rebar without controlled cooling after rolling are higher than those of the controlled cooling bars, showing good corrosion resistance.
Improvement of charge collection efficiency of the CdZnTe detectors by decreasing the Te inclusions
Authors: Choi Hyojeong , Park Jeong Min , Chai Jong-Seo
Published: October 2022

CdZnTe is a promising material for room-temperature radiation semiconductor detectors. However, their radiation response performance might be deteriorated owing to defects within the material such as Te inclusions. This study employs the Cd thermal annealing process to reduce the size of these Te inclusions. An ampoule containing Cd powder and CdZnTe was sealed under the vacuum conditions of 2.5 × 10−5 Torr for Cd-vapor annealing. Subsequently, the ampoule was annealed at 783 K for 64 h. An IR camera was used to observe the distribution of Te inclusions in the CdZnTe before and after annealing. As a second experiment, NH4F + H2O2 passivation was performed to suppress the increased leakage current due to Cd-vapor annealing. Then an 241Am radioisotope source was used to obtain a radiation response spectrum. The improved charge collection efficiency was about 35%.
A polyanalytic functional calculus of order 2 on the 𝑆-spectrum
Authors: de Martino Antonino , Pinton Stefano
Published: October 2022

The Fueter theorem provides a two step procedure to build an axially monogenic function, i.e. a null-solution of the Cauchy-Riemann operator inR4\mathbb {R}^4, denoted byD\mathcal {D}. In the first step a holomorphic function is extended to a slice hyperholomorphic function, by means of the so-called slice operator. In the second step a monogenic function is built by applying the Laplace operatorΔ\Deltain four real variables to the slice hyperholomorphic function. In this paper we use the factorization of the Laplace operator, i.e.Δ=D¯D\Delta = \mathcal {\overline {D}} \mathcal {D}to split the previous procedure. From this splitting we get a class of functions that lies between the set of slice hyperholomorphic functions and the set of axially monogenic functions: the set of axially polyanalytic functions of order 2, i.e. null-solutions ofD2\mathcal {D}^2. We show an integral representation formula for this kind of functions. The formula obtained is fundamental to define the associated functional calculus on theSS-spectrum.