bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Urgency of Environmental Education in Kurikulum Merdeka: A Geophilosophical Approach
Authors: Mahaswa Rangga Kala , Prayuda Gloria Bayu Nusa , Riziq Luthfi Baihaqi
Published: May 2024

Environmental Education (EE) is currently receiving broad attention in formulating and implementing fostering students' character to be more environmentally conscious. This issue is also entangled with the global commitment to create a sustainable society. Indonesia experienced a curriculum transition from the K13 to Merdeka curricula; thus, integrating environmental problems into the new curricula is important. In general, the implementation of EE in schools can be divided into two approaches: integrating it into a specific syllabus and incorporating it into extracurricular or ceremonial school activities. Several obstacles have been identified during the implementation of EE, especially at the high school level and its equivalents, including EE being perceived as a burden on students' study time, a lack of coordination among relevant institutions, insufficient funding, and ineffective EE program formats. These findings are based on focus group discussions (FGDs) conducted in-depth interviews with Adiwiyata High School students to determine the implementation of PLH in schools and supporting literature reviews. To address these obstacles, this research adopts a geophilosophical perspective as a novel approach to support education and curricula that promote sustainable environmental awareness, both in affective and practical-contextual actions, by considering the importance of geographical agency in teaching and learning. Consequently, it was discovered that the geophilosophical approach could serve as an alternative model for curriculum development that is more flexible to strengthen Kurikulum Merdeka.
The Role of Islamic Religious Education Teachers in Advocating for Muslim Minority Students in Denpasar, Bali
Authors: Muthohharoh Nur Millah , PS Alaika M. Bagus Kurnia , Putri Andini Riswanda , Mubaddilah Ari Fika , Muvid Muhamad Basyrul
Published: May 2024

The role of the teacher as an educator is not only to transfer knowledge to the perpetrators of Islamic education in Denpasar, Bali. They also need to strengthen religion in the aspect of Aqeedah. Because the weakness in practicing and familiarizing with religious practices is considerably less, this study aims to explain how PAI teachers do PAI services in the school setting of Denpasar State Senior High School / Vocational School. This research took four schools as the objects of research. Therefore, this research results from the implication that the teachers are doing service defensively. They give enriching, strengthening, and practicing Aqeedah knowledge to the students (male or female) in Denpasar State High School/Vocational School, Bali. In the presence of strengthening, besides maintaining quantity volume, the quality volume also delivers good impacts when someone has already graduated from an education unit.
The Effectiveness of Group Counseling Using Self-Counseling Techniques to Increase Students' Learning Motivation
Authors: Baroroh Niswatul , Imania Eva
Published: May 2024

Lack of motivation to learn influences the decline in student academic achievement and exam results, as experienced by class XII students at MAN 1 Deli Serdang, North Sumatra. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of group counseling services using the Counseling Self technique in increasing students' learning motivation. This is a type of quasi-experimental research with an unequal control group research design. The sample was determined using a purposive sampling technique, with respondents totaling 68 students in class XII MAN I Deli Serdang, North Sumatra. The results show that after being given treatment, namely group counseling services using the Self Counseling technique, in the experimental group, there was a significant increase in students' learning motivation. This can be proven by research results and the increase in students' academic results. From the results of research using self-counseling techniques where the higher the social support to increase students' learning motivation, it is hoped that BK teachers can provide guidance and counseling services using the self-counseling method to create and increase good learning motivation.
Utilizing Stylistics for Advanced English Teaching: Linkages to Literature and Advertising
Authors: Rugaiyah Rugaiyah , Putri Miranti Eka , Idayani Andi , Ilyas Muhammad
Published: May 2024

This research is important in analyzing and describing language styles, which have become one of the linguistics categories. The use of language and language style in literary works has also been studied and is very important for linguistic and literary studies. This article illustrates that stylistic analysis is an effective method to help students improve their reading and appreciation skills. It begins by briefly reviewing how stylistics is applied to teaching English by researchers. It then discusses stylistic analysis and how to do it by providing some examples. Finally, it concludes that teaching advanced English should incorporate stylistics, which are both necessary and practical. Stylistics is one of the sub-topics of learning English in high schools. It can also help students understand advertising language. It also helps students learn foreign languages in English language teaching, such as Indonesian, by preparing them to learn and use foreign languages effectively. Furthermore, Students are expected to be able to understand the language of advertising. To understand the language of advertising, teachers must provide understanding to students through stylistics.
Explores Javanese Culture-Based Character Education Kraton Kasunanan Surakarta
Authors: Faturohim Ikhsan , Triyanto Triyanto , Daryono Joko
Published: May 2024

The Indonesian people greatly emphasize Javanese culture and its role in preserving the environment. To support student growth, this study recommends prioritizing culture-based educational practices that align with national values, particularly at the elementary level. At SDN Kasatriyan Surakarta, the application of Javanese culture is integrated into teaching, intracurricular and extracurricular activities, and overall school culture. This approach enables students to develop character education values like simplicity (gumregah), hard work, cooperation (gotong royong), independence (ning rat ning set rules), and environmental concern (sahatmaka). Qualitative research drawing on interviews and observations underscores the value of Javanese culture-based education at the elementary level. The research shows that implementing such a program at Kraton Kasunanan Surakarta positively impacts student character development. The active involvement of educators is key to successful program implementation, as demonstrated by students' high level of engagement in learning activities and their success in various competitions.
Unplugged Activity and Cognitive Style on The Speaking Abilities of Early Children
Authors: Setyo Dewi Yuli Ani , Degeng I Nyoman Sudana , Cahyono Bambang Yudi , Ulfa Saida , Sailaja S. V.
Published: May 2024

The ability to speak well and purposefully must be instilled in children from an early age. This is possible through the learning process at school using interesting learning methods and media according to the child's cognitive style. Because spoken language conveyed through speaking is a tool for expressing thoughts and feelings and a means of communication between humans. This will help improve children's speaking ability. This research aims to determine the differences in speaking abilities between students using the unplugged activity method and those using the beyond center and circle times (BCCT). Determine the differences in speaking ability between students with a field-dependence cognitive style and those with a field-independence cognitive style. The researcher tests the interaction between learning methods and cognitive style regarding speaking ability. This research uses an experimental design. The subjects were PGRI Jambon Kindergarten students (TK B1) and (TK B2) who studied the theme of Animals, totaling 44 children. The cognitive style was measured using a questionnaire based on the Children Embedded Figure Test (CEFT). Data analysis of relationships and interactions between variables used the two-way ANOVA test. The research results show that differences influence speaking ability between students using unplugged activity learning and BCCT. Some differences influence the student’s speaking abilities with a field-independence cognitive style and those with a field-dependence cognitive style. There is an interaction between learning methods and cognitive style regarding speaking ability.
Audit Independence and Financial Reporting Quality: An Insight from Sub-Saharan African Stock Markets
Authors: Yeng Solomon , Oppong Clement
Published: May 2024

This study examines the possible effects of audit independence on financial reporting quality in the Sub-Sahara African Stock Markets. Using quantitative data obtained from the annual financial reports of 106 listed firms in the 6 sub-Saharan African stock markets of ten-year period (2012 to 2021). The Ex-post factor research design was considerably suitable for the study.The result shows that audit tenure has a positive impact and is significant in explaining financial reporting quality. The results further show that audit firm size has a positive impact but is insignificant in explaining financial reporting quality. Audit fees were found to have a positive and significant impact on. It is recommended that listed firms should increase audit tenure and policies on audit tenure should be revised. It is also recommended that firms should carefully assess the audit report of previous auditors when determining whether to appoint a new auditor. Lastly, Firms should increase the amount of fees paid to auditors to enhance their work while adhering to ethical principles with regard to audit fees. The focus on only firms listed on Stock Market of Sub Saharan African
Diálisis Peritoneal Automatizada: Una Modalidad con Grandes Beneficios y Grandes Retos
Authors: Méndez Durán Antonio , Duque Molina Célida , Avilés Hernández Ricardo , Hernández Aguilar Tulio Jesús
Published: May 2024

Introducción: Bajo el precepto global de la OMS “no dejar a nadie atrás”, evitar desigualdad y favorecer la inclusión, se implementó una estrategia para favorecer el uso de Diálisis Peritoneal Automatizada en población vulnerable. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo de 24 semanas de seguimiento. Identifica unidad médica, pacientes de nuevo ingreso y conversiones, género y edad. Estima 3 escenarios hipotéticos de optimización de costos. Resultados: 962 pacientes, 633 incidentes (65.8%) y 329 convertidos (34.2%), 597 masculinos (62%) y 365 femeninos (38%), con edad promedio 53.3 años (rango: 3 a 87), el grupo más prevalente fue de 41 a 60 años con 392 casos (40.7%). 268 pacientes fueron >65 años de edad (27.8%). Los criterios de ingreso fueron transporte peritoneal alto 172 (17.8%), transporte bajo 21 (2.2%), trabajador activo 391 (40.6%), red de apoyo frágil 317 (32.9%), estudiante 26 (2.7%), ausencia de cuidador 20 (2.3%), otros 15 (1.6%). Los costos hipotéticos con diálisis convencional para el escenario A, 769,600.00, el B, 24,964,621.50 y el C, 6,685,034.20; el escenario de ahorro de 307,840.00, 9,985,848.60 y 2,674,013.68, respectivamente; total 16,209,627.90 Conclusiones: El beneficio de la DPA mejora calidad de vida de valor incalculable. Se debe eliminar el precepto de mayor costo al analizar costos indirectos.
‘Escuela de Balates’: Transmission and dissemination of traditional dry stone construction techniques
Authors: Correa Jiménez Elena , Román Punzón Julio Miguel , Abellán Santiesteban José , Martín Civantos José María
Published: May 2024

The Biocultural Archaeology Laboratory (MEMOLab) of the University of Granada undertook the recovery of an ancient agricultural space linked to the medieval alquería (village) of Alcázar (Jérez del Marquesado, Granada, Spain). This participatory process comprised several tasks, the most outstanding being the development of a dry stone construction school called the ‘Escuela de Balates’ offering instruction on how to restore the walls of ancient cultivation terraces. The main objectives of the project were to recover the agricultural space, gain knowledge of ancestral practices, and involve the local population in the conservation of its cultural and environmental heritage.
Immediate Effect of Massage Using a Massage Chair on Autonomic Balance in Adult Men and Women: An Observational Study
Authors:   The Korean Society of Sub-health Medicine, Park Miso S. , Choi Jungeun , Yoo Horyong , Park Sangsoo
Published: May 2024

Objectives The aim of this study was to examine the immediate impact of a massage chair intervention on homeostasis and the balance of the autonomic nervous system in individuals aged 20 to 64.
Methods This study was a single-center, prospective, single-arm, investigator-initiated observational study. Non-underweight adults without significant health concerns underwent a 40-minute massage chair intervention. Measurements of heart rate variability, functional near-infrared spectroscopy, and vital signs were conducted before and after the intervention. Additionally, participants completed the Mibyeong questionnaire and a satisfaction survey.
Results A 40-minute massage chair session led to a notable decrease in average heart rate and low frequency to high frequency (LF/HF) ratio, coupled with an increase in root mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD) and standard deviation of NN interval (SDNN). No adverse reactions were noted. Subjects with elevated sympathetic nerve activity exhibited a reduction in LF/HF ratio, whereas those with heightened parasympathetic activity demonstrated an increase in LF/HF ratio post-intervention.
Conclusions The findings indicate that the massage chair intervention has the potential to activate the parasympathetic nervous system, promote blood pressure homeostasis and autonomic nervous system balance. However, further research over a more extended period is crucial to validate these conclusions.
Gamitaeeumjowi-tang for Weight Loss in Pediatric-Adolescent Population with Overweight or Obesity: A Multicenter Retrospective Chart Review
Authors:   The Korean Society of Sub-health Medicine, Park Gyukyeong , Yoo Yeongjae , Bang Jee-Hyun , Park Min-Jeong , Koh Duck-jae , Noh Eunyoung
Published: May 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Gamitaeeumjowi-tang on the weight changes and adverse events in overweight or obese prediatric-adolescents.
Methods A multicenter and retrospective chart review was performed on 425 overweight and obese pediatric-adolescents who took Gamitaeeumjowi-tang from May 2022 to November 2023. Outcomes were measured in terms of total weight loss and weight loss percentage, as well as the percentage of patients who lost at least 5% and 10% of their baseline weight. Patient-reported adverse events were collected and analyzed for frequency of occurrence, and whether they were serious enough to require discontinuation.
Results A total of 47 patients were included, with a mean (±standard deviation) age of 15.00±1.90 years, weight of 85.59 ±19.24 kg, and body mass index of 30.81±4.98 kg/m2; 74.47% were female. The mean (±standard deviation) weight loss was 8.84±4.93 kg and the mean weight loss rate was 10.23±4.28%. The percentage of patients who lost at least 5% and 10% of their baseline weight was 95.74% and 54.20% respectively. No serious adverse events were reported.
Conclusions Gamitaeeumjowi-tang was shown to help pediatric-adolescents who were overweight or obese to lose weight, and no serious adverse events were associated with discontinuation of the medication. Further well-designed clinical studies are recommended.
Landslide Detection Using Analysed UAV Imagery
Authors: Norsuzila Ya’acob  , Amirul Asraf Abdul Rahman  , Azita Laily Yusof  , Darmawaty Mohd Ali  , Nani Fadzlina Naim
Published: May 2024

Landslide is one of the disasters that often occur in Malaysia. It causes thousands of injuries and death records. Plus, a lot of money has been spent on search and rescue purposes and upgrading utilities to prevent landslide occurrence. Malaysia’s climate, categorized as equatorial, is hot and humid throughout the year. Malaysia has been exposed to an average rainfall of 250cm in a year as rainfall has been the main contributor to landslide occurrence. Thus, an early warning system can be convenient to reduce the hazard risk. This research used Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or drones embedded with RGB cameras to capture data. UAVs or drone is a part of technology revolutionary. The UAV has been widely used in different industries including agriculture, mining, land surveyor, and search and rescue. With the UAV capability, in this research, the UAV is used to measure the slope of the earth by capturing orthomosaic data and will be required to process using Geographical Information System (GIS) software to gain access to other data such as imaging data and digital surface model (DSM). With the capability of Pix4D software, the imaging data such as thermal and spectral imaging can be generated. The data will be compared with rainfall data from Jabatan Meteorologi Malaysia to compare the effect of rainfall on slope conditions. The data for the result will be a great contribution to the early warning system as it contributes towards the accuracy of landslide prediction based on the volume of rainfall.
An Improved PAPR Reduction Scheme using Green OFDM
Authors: Aeizaal Azman Abdul Wahab  , Nur Qamarina Muhammad Adnan  , Syed Sahal Nazli Alhady  , Wan Amir Fuad Wajdi Othman
Published: May 2024

OFDM has become popular method to be applied in data communication as it has high data rate. Selective Mapping OFDM (SLM OFDM) is introduced to over-come the OFDM’s disadvantage which is high PAPR. SLM OFDM offers PAPR reduction by selecting OFDM waveform with the lowest PAPR among many copies of waveform candidates, U. As the world become more digitalized and demanding, Green OFDM shows up with more candidates, U^2/4, without making computation more complex. More candidates will promote more choices with lower PAPR values compare to the SLM OFDM. In the recent years, re-searchers have come out with a new improved Green OFDM version 2 with more waveform candidates to be chosen, U^2. The improved Green OFDM ver-sion 2 scheme will produce lower PAPR values compare to the SLM OFDM and the original Green OFDM. Thus, technologies with higher data transmission are able to be created.
Portable American Sign Language System using RF Signals and IoT Technology for Deaf-Blind People
Authors: Adam Wong Yoon Khang  , Jamil Abedalrahim Jamil Alsayaydeh  , Johar Akbar Mohamat Gani  , Tarani Bascar  , Azman Awang Teh  , Jaysuman Pusppanathan  , Andrii Oliinyk
Published: May 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized connectivity, enhancing accessibility to devices and information. This advancement addresses challenges faced by deaf-blind individuals, such as slow learning and memory issues. A new ASL learning kit has been developed to address these challenges, featuring physical and interactive elements for an engaging experience. Two learning methods are available: one involves RFID sign language cards tapped on an RFID reader, triggering an LCD visualizer with ASL alphabets and videos; the other method uses a Braille-embedded keyboard to provide audio feedback through ESpeak for ASL gestures. This ASL learning kit aims to boost the interest and effectiveness of deaf-blind students in learning ASL and Braille.
Reliability Study of Ultra Z-Blade Water Turbine for Pico-Hydro System with Low Head and Low Flow Water Resources
Authors: Nurul Ashikin Mohd Rais  , Mohd Farriz Md Basar  , Emy Zairah Ahmad  , Mohd Ikram Mohd Nor Rizan
Published: May 2024

The term "pico-hydro" refers to hydropower that has an output of no more than 5 kW. This method has an advantage over large-scale hydropower systems in that it can extract electrical energy sources from even a small stream of water. It is interesting to note that there is not yet a hydro reaction type water turbine that has been developed commercially and is suitable for usage in low-head and low-flow places. In this work, an Ultra Z-Blade reaction type turbine is used to introduce a pico-hydro system, and the critical design parameters are demonstrated through an exploratory method (U-ZBT). For both ideal and real-world scenarios, numerical simulations and their solutions are described here. The development of the equations uses the ideas of mass, momentum, and energy conservation. The output power (W), rotor angular speed (ω), turbine radius (R), and torque (T) can all be specified. An instrumentation diagram that was utilized during the testing of the U-ZBT prototype is included in the documentation to help explain the experimental techniques. Both the mathematical model and the experimental findings have shown that the U-ZBT has a higher level of performance at operational water heads as low as 5m and ultra-low mass flow rates as low as 1.77 L/sec. In addition to this, it can achieve rotational speeds of up to 130 rpm, has a high efficiency of 66 %, and is capable of producing high mechanical power of roughly 60 watts.
Enhancing Closed System Efficiency through CuO Nanofluids: Investigating Thermophysical Properties and Heat Transfer Performance
Authors: Nadhum H. Safir  , Zuradzman Mohamad Razlan  , Shahriman Abu Bakar  , Muhammmad Hussein Akbar Ali  , Mohd Zulkifly Abdullah  , Girrimuniswar Ramasamy  , Rodhiyathul Ahyaa Akbar Ali
Published: May 2024

Working fluids play a crucial role in closed systems to ensure efficient performance, particularly in systems for heating, cooling, or power generation, where the heat transfer coefficient is pivotal. This study delves into the thermodynamic properties and stability of copper oxide (CuO) nanofluids as alternative working fluids in closed systems. Investigating colloidal suspensions of CuO nanoparticles, the research aims to enhance heat transfer efficiency. CuO nanoparticles, sized at 40nm and 80nm, were dispersed in base fluids like water, ethylene glycol, and oil sans surfactants. The study, divided into static and dynamic phases, examines key nanofluid properties including viscosity, thermal conductivity, specific heat, and heat transfer rate. Through methodologies such as KD2 Pro for thermal conductivity, rheometer for viscosity, and small heat exchanger for heat transfer rate analysis, the effects of volume concentration, temperature, and nanoparticle size on nanofluid performance were evaluated. Sedimentation analysis employed both quantitative (standard deviation calculations) and qualitative (sediment capture methods) approaches. The findings highlight the superior heat transfer rate of 40nm CuO nanofluid at 0.467% volume concentration which is 9.08 kJ/s, suggesting its potential to optimize system efficiency, particularly in heating, cooling, and power generation applications.
A Narrowed Look Into Plant-Derived Testosterone 5α-Reductase Inhibitors for Androgenetic Alopecia
Authors: Abacı Nurten , Erdoğan Orhan İlkay
Published: May 2024

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most prevalent cause of hair loss in men and women, resulting from a combination of genetic susceptibility and androgen hormones. Increased activity of testosterone 5α-reductase in hair follicles leads to increased synthesis of dihydrotestosterone (DHT). DHT's destructive effect on hair follicles is one of the leading reasons for hair loss. Conventional pharmacotherapeutic treatments, e.g. finasteride and minoxidil, are frequently accompanied by adverse effects and may be ineffective for certain people. Recent years have seen a rise in research on plant-derived testosterone 5α-reductase enzyme inhibitors. These herbal substances produced by various plant extracts and natural ingredients show promise in terms of fewer side effects and improved tolerability. This mini review investigates herbal testosterone 5α-reductase inhibitors for treatment AGA.
Firm Size as a Mediator between Inventory Management and Performance of Nigerian Companies
Authors: V.I.O. ODIRI , Oviebemre OHWOVORIOLE, , Ganiyu Abiodun ISIAKA, , Omeniah Christopher OMOKHUALE, , Mohammed IGEMOHIA, , Obaro Kelvin OHWOJERO,
Published: May 2024

This study employed a dissimilar methodology in investigating the mediating role of firm size on the relationship between inventory management and performance of non-finance companies publicly listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group. The study was hinged on just-in-time paradigm while variables of inventory management and financial performance were obtained from the annual reports and accounts of 76 non-finance companies. The results obtained from the structural equation modelling showed that size of firm mediates on the relationship between inventory management and financial performance measures of the study and it was found to be significantly positive. On the basis of this, it was suggested that companies need to strengthen inventory management practices as well as increasing their sizes. The size of companies can be increased by way of investing more funds in their asset structures.
Co-Axial Metrics on the Sphere and Algebraic Numbers
Authors:   singhua University, P. R. China, Chen Zhijie , Lin Chang-Shou ,   National Taiwan University, Taiwan, Yang Yifan ,   National Taiwan University, Taiwan
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we consider the following curvature equation $$\Delta u+{\rm e}^u=4\pi\biggl((\theta_0-1)\delta_0+(\theta_1-1)\delta_1 +\sum_{j=1}^{n+m}\bigl(\theta_j'-1\bigr)\delta_{t_j}\biggr)\qquad \text{in}\ \mathbb R^2,$$ $$u(x)=-2(1+\theta_\infty)\ln|x|+O(1)\qquad \text{as} \ |x|\to\infty,$$ where $\theta_0$, $\theta_1$, $\theta_\infty$, and $\theta_{j}'$ are positive non-integers for $1\le j\le n$, while $\theta_{j}'\in\mathbb{N}_{\geq 2}$ are integers for $n+1\le j\le n+m$. Geometrically, a solution $u$ gives rise to a conical metric ${\rm d}s^2=\frac12 {\rm e}^u|{\rm d}x|^2$ of curvature $1$ on the sphere, with conical singularities at $0$, $1$, $\infty$, and $t_j$, $1\le j\le n+m$, with angles $2\pi\theta_0$, $2\pi\theta_1$, $2\pi\theta_\infty$, and $2\pi\theta_{j}'$ at $0$, $1$, $\infty$, and $t_j$, respectively. The metric ${\rm d}s^2$ or the solution $u$ is called co-axial, which was introduced by Mondello and Panov, if there is a developing map $h(x)$ of $u$ such that the projective monodromy group is contained in the unit circle. The sufficient and necessary conditions in terms of angles for the existence of such metrics were obtained by Mondello-Panov (2016) and Eremenko (2020). In this paper, we fix the angles and study the locations of the singularities $t_1,\dots,t_{n+m}$. Let $A\subset\mathbb{C}^{n+m}$ be the set of those $(t_1,\dots,t_{n+m})$'s such that a co-axial metric exists, among other things we prove that (i) If $m=1$, i.e., there is only one integer $\theta_{n+1}'$ among $\theta_j'$, then $A$ is a finite set. Moreover, for the case $n=0$, we obtain a sharp bound of the cardinality of the set $A$. We apply a result due to Eremenko, Gabrielov, and Tarasov (2016) and the monodromy of hypergeometric equations to obtain such a bound. (ii) If $m\ge 2$, then $A$ is an algebraic set of dimension $\leq m-1$.
HST Survey of the Orion Nebula Cluster in ACS/Visible and WFC3/IR Bands. IV. A Bayesian Multiwavelength Study of Stellar Parameters in the Orion Nebula Cluster
Authors: Strampelli Giovanni M. , Robberto Massimo , Pueyo Laurent , Gennaro Mario , Manara Carlo F. , Sabbi Elena , Aparicio Antonio
Published: May 2024

We have performed a comprehensive study of the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) combining the photometric data obtained by the two Hubble Space Telescope Treasury programs that targeted this region. To consistently analyze the rich data set obtained in a wide variety of filters, we adopted a Bayesian approach to fit the spectral energy distribution of the sources, deriving mass, age, extinction, distance, and accretion for each source in the region. The three-dimensional study of mass distribution for bona fide cluster members shows that mass segregation in the ONC extends to subsolar masses, while the age distribution strongly supports the idea that star formation in the ONC is best described by a major episode of star formation that happened ∼1 Myr ago. For masses ≳0.1 M
⊙, our derived empirical initial mass function (IMF) is in good agreement with a Chabrier system IMF. Both the accretion luminosity (L
acc) and mass accretion rates (

M

̇

acc

) are best described by broken power-law relations. This suggests that for the majority of young circumstellar disks in this cluster the excess emission may be dominated by X-ray-driven photoevaporation by the central star rather than external photoevaporation. If this is the case, the slopes of the power-law relations may be largely determined by the initial conditions set at the onset of the star formation process, which may be quite similar between regions that eventually form clusters of different sizes.
Deep Hubble Space Telescope Photometry of Large Magellanic Cloud and Milky Way Ultrafaint Dwarfs: A Careful Look into the Magnitude–Size Relation
Authors: Richstein Hannah , Kallivayalil Nitya , Simon Joshua D. , Garling Christopher T. , Wetzel Andrew , Warfield Jack T. , van der Marel Roeland P. , Jeon Myoungwon , Rose Jonah C. , Torrey Paul , Engelhardt Anna Claire , Besla Gurtina , Choi Yumi , Geha Marla , Guhathakurta Puragra , Kirby Evan N. , Patel Ekta , Sacchi Elena , Sohn Sangmo Tony
Published: May 2024

We present deep Hubble Space Telescope photometry of 10 targets from Treasury Program GO-14734, including six confirmed ultrafaint dwarf (UFD) galaxies, three UFD candidates, and one likely globular cluster. Six of these targets are satellites of, or have interacted with, the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). We determine their structural parameters using a maximum-likelihood technique. Using our newly derived half-light radius (r

h
) and V-band magnitude (M

V
) values in addition to literature values for other UFDs, we find that UFDs associated with the LMC do not show any systematic differences from Milky Way UFDs in the magnitude–size plane. Additionally, we convert simulated UFD properties from the literature into the M

V
–r

h
observational space to examine the abilities of current dark matter (DM) and baryonic simulations to reproduce observed UFDs. Some of these simulations adopt alternative DM models, thus allowing us to also explore whether the M

V
–r

h
plane could be used to constrain the nature of DM. We find no differences in the magnitude–size plane between UFDs simulated with cold, warm, and self-interacting DM, but note that the sample of UFDs simulated with alternative DM models is quite limited at present. As more deep, wide-field survey data become available, we will have further opportunities to discover and characterize these ultrafaint stellar systems and the greater low surface-brightness universe.
Transitory Tidal Heating and Its Impact on Cluster Isochrones
Authors: Arthur S. Jane , Koenigsberger Gloria , Brady Kristin , Estrella-Trujillo Diana , Pilachowski Catherine
Published: May 2024

The kinetic energy in tidal flows, when converted into heat, can affect the internal structure of a star and shift its location on a color–magnitude diagram from that of standard models. In this paper we explore the impact of injecting heat into stars with masses near the main-sequence turnoff mass (1.26 M
⊙) of the open cluster M67. The heating rate is obtained from the tidal shear energy dissipation rate, which is calculated from first principles by simultaneously solving the equations that describe orbital motion and the response of a star’s layers to the gravitational, Coriolis, centrifugal, gas pressure, and viscous forces. The stellar structure models are computed with MESA. We focus on the effects of injecting heat in pulses lasting 0.01 Gyr, a time frame consistent with the synchronization timescale in binary systems. We find that the location of the tidally perturbed stars in the M67 color–magnitude diagram is shifted to significantly higher luminosities and effective temperatures than predicted by the standard model isochrone and includes locations corresponding to some of the blue straggler stars. Because tidal heating takes energy from the orbit, causing it to shrink, blue straggler stars could be merger or mass transfer progenitors, as well as products of these processes.
First records of two species of snake eels, Aplatophis chauliodus and Ophichthus hyposagmatus (Actinopterygii: Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae), from Mexico
Authors: Del Moral-Flores Luis Fernando , Wakida-Kusunoki Armando T. , Ramos-Hernández Rafael , George-Zamora Arturo
Published: May 2024

We report herewith the presence of two species of rare snake eels, Aplatophis chauliodus Böhlke, 1956 (499 mm in total length [TL]) and Ophichthus hyposagmatus McCosker et Böhlke, 1984 (486 mm TL), in Mexican waters of the Gulf of Mexico. Both species were caught using bottom longline at a depth of 50 to 100 m in sandy bottoms in Veracruz, Mexico. Both records are the first for Mexico and the westernmost in the Gulf of Mexico.
Characterising the north-western European species of Phaenoglyphis Förster, 1869 (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Charipinae) with novel insights from DNA barcode data
Authors: Vogel Jonathan , Peters Ralph , Selfa Jesús , Ferrer-Suay Mar
Published: May 2024

The taxonomy of the hymenopteran parasitoid subfamily Charipinae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) has, until recently, been in a state of chaos. While this situation has improved significantly in recent years, most of the efforts were focused on morphological data of typically old specimens. Here, we present the first integrative approach to describe the diversity of the genus Phaenoglyphis Förster, 1869 from north-western Europe.

For seven (of a total of 17) species, we provide DNA barcode data. Phaenoglyphis belizini Pujade-Villar, 2018 and Phaenoglyphis evenhuisi Pujade-Villar & Paretas-Martínez, 2006 are recorded for the first time from Germany. All DNA barcodes and specimen data were added to the publicly available GBOL and BOLD reference database. The presence of a 6 bp long deletion in the CO1 barcode region that is characteristic to the genus and unique amongst Figitidae supports the monophyly of Phaenoglyphis.
Remarkable series concerning $ \binom{3n}{n} $ and harmonic numbers in numerators
Authors: Li Chunli , Chu Wenchang
Published: May 2024

Three classes of infinite series containing binomial coefficient $ \binom{3n}{n} $, harmonic-like numbers, and an independent variable "$ y $" are examined. Several algebraic formulae in closed form are established, including, as special cases, three conjectured values for numerical series by Z.-W. Sun. This is fulfilled by integrating Lambert's series and manipulating the cubic transformations for the $ _3{F_2} $-series through the "coefficient extraction" method.
Real-Time Facial Emotion Analysis for Adaptive Teaching Strategies Using Deep Learning
Authors: Suganthi V. , Yogeshwari M.
Published: May 2024

Facial emotion extraction is a process of identifying and extracting emotional information from human facial expressions. Due to its potential applications in a variety of fields, including psychology, marketing, and human-computer interaction, this technology has been gaining popularity recently. Technology for detecting facial expressions can be applied to smart classrooms to improve students' learning. By analyzing the emotions of students, teachers can gain insights into how engaged and attentive students are during the lesson and adjust their teaching style accordingly. This can help to improve the learning outcomes of students and create a more dynamic and engaging classroom environment. Facial emotion detection technology can be integrated into existing classroom tools, such as video conferencing software or smart boards. Students' facial expressions can be analyzed in real-time to identify emotions such as happiness, sadness, confusion, or boredom. This data can then be used to provide feedback to teachers about the effectiveness of their lesson and the engagement level of students. All papers found during the search will also sentence to review the current situation and pinpoint any potential gaps.
Artificial Neural Network-Based Efficient Cyber Hacking Detection System Using Deep Learning Approaches
Authors: Deva Kirubai J. Christina , Priscila S.Silvia
Published: May 2024

Cyber hacking can be defined as the process of observing the incidents happening in a computer network or system and inspecting them for indications of possible incidents, which includes either violation or threats of violation in the policies of computer security, the allowable use of policies or the practices of maintaining standard security. CHS aid the network in automating the process of intrusion detection. CHPS is software that consists of all the abilities of the anomalies. In addition, it also strives to widen the possible incidents and cyber hacking methodologies with similar abilities. In the case of CHPS, it allows administrators to turn off prevention attributes in anomaly products, making them work as a cyber hacking system. Respectively, for compressing the benefits of both IPS and CHS, a novel term, cyber hacking, and prevention systems (CHPS), is used for all the further chapters to infer both CHS and IPS approaches. In this research, three algorithms, namely decision stump method (DSM), support vector machine (SVM), and artificial neural network (ANN), were used. From the results obtained, the proposed ANNAccuracy of 92.3%, MSE of 0.000119, Log Loss of 0.4288, and Mathews Coefficient of 0.9010 were proposed. The tool used is Jupyter Notebook, and the language used is Python.
Global Regionalization of Consumer Neuroscience Behavioral Qualities on Insights From Google Trends
Authors: Prabakaran Nepoleon , Patrick Harold Andrew , B. Jawad Alaulddin
Published: May 2024

This chapter uses Google Trends search query volume data to perception-based regionalize consumer neuroscience behavioural indicators. To determine consumer neuroscience behaviour, the study examined Scopus research from 2010 to 2023. The most common keywords were then analysed. The study found five behavioural variables: emotion, attention, memory, perception, and decision-making. Between October 2022 and 2023, global Google Trends data for five consumer neuroscience phrases was collected. The data was analysed using time series and geographic units. The analysis found correlations between each indicator using time series units. K-means clustering was used to propose global regionalization using Google Trends. The ideal four clusters were found using the elbow approach. Through a thorough analysis of terms from derived clusters 1 to 4, the study made significant discoveries and implications that would improve consumer neuroscience's behavioural knowledge. Finally, perception-based global regionalization was introduced. In conclusion, this novel method of classifying global regions using Google Trends data and people's perceptions of behavioural topics like emotion, attention, perception, memory, and decision-making provides valuable insights for consumer neuroscience research. Analyzing the importance of specific groups and indicators within each cluster improves research in this field.
Sentiment Analysis of COVID-19 Tweets Through Flair PyTorch, Emojis, and TextBlob
Authors: Manikandan N. , Priscila S. Silvia
Published: May 2024

In the current decade, the economy and health have been significantly impacted globally by the pandemic disease named Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). People need to stay indoors at this time, which causes them to grow more dependent on social media and use these online channels to communicate their feelings and sympathies. Twitter is one of the familiar social media and micro-blogging platforms in which people post tweets, retweet tweets, and communicate regularly, offering an immense amount of data. Popular social media have evolved into an abundant information source for sentiment analysis (SA) on COVID-19-related issues. Hence, SA is used to predict the public opinion polarity that underlies various factors from Twitter during lockdown phases. Natural language processing (NLP) has been utilised in this study to manage the SA and employ specific tools to codify human language and its means of transmitting information to beneficial findings. This proposed method for Twitter SA is concentrated on all aspects by considering the emoji provided and leveraging the Flair Pytorch (FP) technology. Since extracting emojis and text is implanted with sentiment awareness, it surpasses cutting-edge algorithms. In this research, the ‘en-sentiment' module is introduced in the FP method for tokenisation and text classification that assists in diverging the sentence with respect to words, namely positive or negative as sentiment status for the tweets. Thus, it is evaluated by the confidence score of the FP method and compared with the existing textblob method.
Culturally Responsive, Gender-Adapted Counseling Approach With Mexican American Men
Authors: Bates Daniel
Published: May 2024

The construct of machismo has been useful for understanding masculinity and the negative health-related outcomes associated with adherence to it among Mexican and Mexican American men. Machismo, as a sociocultural construct, is theorized to represent the negative aspects of masculinity, and as a result, omits the positive dimensions of masculinity. Researchers have discovered that machismo is, in fact, bidimensional, containing two separate constructs which represent both the positive and negative aspects of masculinity. This chapter will survey the research literature regarding machismo and Caballerismo, an assessment developed to measure these constructs, and implications for culturally responsive counseling practice of Mexican American men in the United States.
Understanding Masculinity and Its Influence on Men's Mental Health
Authors: McCullough Diana
Published: May 2024

Understanding the intricacies of masculinity and its influence on men's mental health is essential for mental health counselors, therapists, psychologists, and social workers specializing in men's mental health. Furthermore, mental health graduate students and researchers will find this chapter valuable as it provides a strong evidence-based foundation for their work. Additionally, professionals in academic and research settings focused on gender studies and mental health will benefit from this comprehensive exploration of men's engagement in therapeutic settings. This chapter aims to equip practitioners with the knowledge and tools necessary to successfully engage male clients, reduce barriers to mental health services, and empower men on their healing and growth journey.
Future Directions Towards Sustainable Educational Equity
Authors: Kayyali Mustafa
Published: May 2024

This chapter addresses the developing scene of education, highlighting the requirement of equal opportunity and outcomes. In the 21st century, the requirement for sustainable educational fairness policies and practices is apparent. This chapter explores future directions that hold the potential to develop a more inclusive and just educational system. By evaluating contemporary obstacles, pioneering remedies, and the revolutionary possibilities afforded by emerging technology, it plots a road toward a future where educational justice is not an abstract aspiration but an actual reality. In a society distinguished by variety, globalization, and rapid technological progress, the envisioning and implementation of sustainable policies and practices stand as vital initiatives to establish an educational ecosystem that empowers every student.
Inclusivity Play
Authors: Giesteira Bruno , Peçaibes Viviane , Cardoso Pedro , Maior Guilherme Vila , Quaresma Isabel
Published: May 2024

“Portal for sharing teaching experience in the inclusion of diversity” corresponds to axis 4.2. of the project Skills for the Next Generation of the University of Porto by supporting the development of innovative and inclusive pedagogical resources, sharing information, experience about inclusivity and ludic tools to cope with the individual differences integrated with the university's information system. This project is intended to contribute to the achievement of the inclusive priorities defined at the European level through a web platform capable of deliverable informative content and gamified resources (serious and critical games) to give adequate support for the university academy, not only to cope with the difference but to take advantage of it, dealing with human differences and specificities as an asset to the community, unlike shortcomings.
Navigating the Landscape of Inclusive Education
Authors: Singha Surjit , Singha Ranjit , Ruben V. Muthu , Jose Shruti , Mize Elizabeth , Haokip Alphonsa Diana
Published: May 2024

This chapter examines the complex interplay between policy and practice in inclusive education. With an emphasis on educational equity, this study explores the significance of collaboration among stakeholders, sufficient preparation of teachers, and the evaluation of inclusivity. The chapter offers a comprehensive perspective on implementing inclusive education by discussing prevalent obstacles, approaches to surmounting these barriers, and the distinct requirements of exceptional students. By forecasting forthcoming trends and providing policymakers and educators with recommendations, it envisions a future in which collaborative endeavours and data-driven decision-making drive the advancement of educational environments that are more inclusive, equitable, and responsive.
A Comparative Study of Coalition Governments in Post-Conflict Societies
Authors: Mathonsi Mbuyiseni Simon , Tshishonga Ndwakhulu Stephen
Published: May 2024

The establishment of coalition governments as transitional arrangements on nations bedeviled by conflicts has become an automatic solution in many countries of the world. Multiparty electoral processes or processes that include as many contesting parties and interests as possible have for years been dubbed as important building blocks for peace and smooth transition, especially in countries devastated by civil wars or violence. This chapter argues that that single party governments make governing straightforward and keep the executive/legislatures fully accountable to voters as the incumbent governing party has nobody else, but itself to blame for mediocre performance. While multi-party governments involve bargaining informed by compromises on the interests of voters and coalition bargaining are fashioned more on the interests of the leaders and actors in the bargaining table. In the Third World countries, especially those experiencing violence or civil wars, exogenous superpowers mainly from the West are quick to broker coalition governance with externally imposed rules as panacea for progress. The chapter further argues that externally imposed coalition formations and rules more often than not benefit the interests of the outside superpowers than the domestic interests of citizens. While endogenously crafted, formulated, and implemented coalition processes are more likely to benefit domestic interest of the people than outside powers. The chapter seeks to contribute to the current literature on the formation of coalition governments as transitional arrangements and peace brokers for parties or groups in conflict. The chapter used desktop research to solicit information from peer reviewed journals and scientific research papers.