bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk Analysis and Risk Assessment of Laboratory Work by Fine Kinney Method
Authors: Karahan Vedat , Aydoğmuş Ercan
Published: May 2023

In this research, risk analysis and evaluation have been carried out using Fine Kinney method within the scope of occupational health and safety. In the risk analysis made in the laboratory, a total of 50 risks are identified. Accordingly, 10 (20 %) are very high risk, 7 (14 %) high risk, 17 (34 %) significant risk, 15 (30 %) probable risk, and 1 (2 %) acceptable risk degree. It is aimed to take these risks under control in laboratory studies and to minimize their effects. Thus, a culture of occupational health and safety should be established and the rules of occupational health and safety should be implemented without compromise. For these reasons, the rules to be observed in laboratory studies are listed below. Employees or researchers involved in laboratory studies should receive occupational health and safety training and this training should be repeated periodically. Emergency plans that may arise from laboratory studies or that may arise from external sources should be prepared, training should be given to team members who are in charge of emergencies, and drills should be carried out periodically. The chemicals used in the laboratory studies should be stored according to their degree of impact, and necessary records should be taken in cases such as use and transportation. Adequate physical environment conditions should be provided for the personnel working in the laboratory studies. Chemical hygiene programs and accident prevention plans should be implemented to prevent accidents.
Random number-based Brownian motion and practical examples of its implementing in high school computer science lessons
Authors: Paksi Dávid , Annuš Norbert , Štempeľová Iveta , Dancsa Daniel
Published: May 2023

Brownian motion is defined in many literature sources as the random motion of microscopic particles in a liquid or gaseous medium. The cause of this motion has long been unknown. The explanation of Brownian motion is that molecules in solution are constantly colliding due to thermal motion and these are random. Over time, this motion has also become the basis for many problems and practical exercises in the natural sciences and has become popular in computer science. Brownian motion simulation and its variations have many positive features. They not only allow the understanding of natural phenomena but especially allow the understanding of random processes. In the classroom, we can practice generating random numbers (e.g. using our own random number generator and testing it), creating various commonly occurring phenomena with a random character (the shape of lightning, a drop running down glass, the formation of copper crystals or a snowflake), or even linking them to statistics (statistical evaluation of the results of work). The tasks presented in our paper are designed for two-dimensional simulations. However, the same procedures are also well applicable to three-dimensional simulations. This can be an assignment for students, for example, for a midterm project. In this way, we can also use Brownian motion for project-based learning and contribute to collaborative teamwork.
YAZMA GÜÇLÜĞÜ YAŞAYAN ÖĞRENCİLERE YÖNELİK YAPILAN ÇALIŞMALARIN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ÇELİK Diren
Published: May 2023

İlköğretimde dört temel beceriden biri olan yazının gelişiminin öğrencileri birçok alanda olumlu yönde etkilediği bilinmektedir. Bu süreçlerde yazma görevlerini yerine getiremeyen öğrenciler olmaktadır. Geçmiş yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar öğrencilerin yazma becerileri geliştirme noktasında daha çok kendini düzenlemeye dayalı stratejilere odaklandığını göstermiştir. Nitekim teknolojik gelişmeler ile birlikte son zamanlarda yapılan çalışmalar bu alana ilgiyi arttırmıştır. Özellikle de Türkiye’de ve yurt dışında yazma güçlüğüne yönelik farklı öğretim, model, teknik, strateji veya müdahale noktalarında süreç içerisinde ne gibi değişimler olduğu konusunda merak uyandırmıştır. Bu sebeple bu çalışmada yazma güçlüğü yaşayan öğrencilerin yazı becerilerini geliştirmeye yönelik çalışmaların incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sistematik derleme olarak hazırlanan bu araştırmada makalelere ulaşılırken Google Akademik, Science Direct, PubMed ve ERIC veri tabanlarından yararlanılmış ve araştırma kriterlerine uyan 21 makaleye ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına bakıldığında çalışmalarda daha çok farklı müdahale programlarına yer verildiği, teknolojik gelişmelerle birlikte farklı yazı öğretim araçlarının kullanıldığı, yine bu araştırmalarda da öğrencilerin kendilerini düzenlemelerine yardımcı etkinliklere yer verildiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca bu etkinliklerin farklı araç-gereçler, etkinlik kartları, oyunlar vb. ile sağlanmaya çalışıldığı ifade edilmiştir. Çalışmalarda en fazla 3. ve 4. sınıf öğrencileri ile çalışıldığı saptanmıştır. Ayrıca erkek öğrencilerin sayısının kız öğrencilerden fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu araştırma sonuçları araştırmalarda en çok kullanılan modellerin deneysel ve eylem araştırması deseni olduğunu göstermiştir. Son olarak yazma güçlüğü yaşayan öğrencilerin yazma becerilerini geliştirmek için hazırlanan programların öğrenci özelliklerine, kullanılan modele, strateji, yöntem/teknik ve etkinliklere göre farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.
DEĞİŞEN DÜNYADA YENİ BİR EBEVEYNLİK YAKLAŞIMI: HELİKOPTER EBEVEYNLİK
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Melih Burak
Published: May 2023

Yaşanan ekonomik, sosyal, politik, duygusal, teknolojik pek çok etken ebeveynlerin çocuklarına karşı yaklaşımlarını da değiştirebilmekte ve doğal olarak yeni ebeveynlik stillerini ortaya çıkarabilmektedir. ‘Helikopter Ebeveynlik yaklaşımının çocuklar üzerindeki etkileri ve bilinen ebeveyn tutumlarının ötesinde ülkemizde yeni yeni tartışılıyor olmasından ötürü kavram literatür çerçevesinde ele alınmış ve konuyla ilgili genel bir çerçeve çizilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çocukların problemleri ebeveynleri tarafından çözüldüğünde çocuklar kendi problemlerini çözecek özgüven ve yeterliliği geliştiremeyebilirler. Başarısızlık yaşamın normal akışı içinde kaçınılmaz bir durumdur ancak başarısızlıktan başarı çıkarmayı çocuklar kendileri öğrenebilir. Bu durumu avantaja çevirerek aslında neyi yanlış yaptıklarını kendileri çok daha iyi fark edebilirler. Literatür tarandığında birkaç çalışma hariç helikopter ebeveynliğin uzun vadede çocuklara zarar verdiği yapılan araştırmalarla da ortaya konmuştur.
Bloodstain Pattern Analysis in Homicide Investigations: A Comparative Study of Expert Interpretations in Santiago, Chile
Authors: Hernandez Manuel Yacob , Silvy Harris
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA) plays a pivotal role in homicide investigations, aiding in crime scene reconstruction and understanding the dynamics of violent events. However, the interpretation of bloodstain patterns can be subjective, influenced by an expert's experience, training, and methodologies. This study aimed to investigate the degree of concordance and variability among expert interpretations of bloodstain patterns in homicide cases in Santiago, Chile.
Methods: A series of mock crime scenes involving various bloodletting mechanisms (blunt force trauma, stabbing, gunshot) were created. A panel of experienced bloodstain pattern analysts (BPAs) independently examined the scenes and provided their interpretations regarding the events that transpired. The experts' findings were compared and analyzed for consistency, discrepancies, and potential sources of variability.
Results: The study revealed a moderate degree of concordance among the expert interpretations. While the experts generally agreed on the broad categories of bloodletting mechanisms, there were notable discrepancies in the finer details of the events, such as the number of blows, the sequence of events, and the positions of the victim and assailant. The sources of variability identified included the experts' individual experience, training backgrounds, and the methodologies employed.
Conclusion: This study underscores the inherent subjectivity in BPA and highlights the need for standardized protocols and continuous training to enhance the reliability and objectivity of bloodstain pattern interpretations in homicide investigations. The findings have implications for the legal and forensic communities, emphasizing the importance of cautious interpretation and the potential for variability in expert opinions.
The Impact of Postmortem Interval on the Reliability of Forensic Autopsy Evidence in Murder Cases: A Comprehensive Analysis in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Kase Stephen , Jenne Batdorff
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Postmortem interval (PMI) significantly impacts the accuracy and interpretation of forensic autopsy evidence, especially in murder cases. In Nairobi, Kenya, where resources and infrastructure may be limited, understanding the relationship between PMI and evidence reliability is crucial for effective investigations and prosecutions.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 150 murder cases in Nairobi between 2018 and 2023. Cases were stratified based on PMI (early PMI <24 hours, intermediate PMI 24-72 hours, late PMI >72 hours). Autopsy reports were reviewed to assess the reliability of evidence related to the cause of death, manner of death, and identification. Statistical analyses were performed to examine the correlation between PMI and evidence reliability.
Results: As PMI increased, the reliability of certain forensic evidence decreased significantly. Early PMI cases showed the highest reliability for determining the cause of death, manner of death, and identification. In contrast, late PMI cases often presented challenges in interpreting evidence due to decomposition, scavenging, and environmental factors. This led to uncertainties in determining the cause and manner of death, particularly in cases involving blunt force trauma or asphyxia.
Conclusion: This study highlights the critical impact of PMI on the reliability of forensic autopsy evidence in murder cases in Nairobi. Early PMI examinations are essential for obtaining accurate and reliable evidence, especially in resource-limited settings. Standardized protocols, improved infrastructure, and ongoing training for forensic pathologists are crucial to mitigate the challenges associated with PMI and ensure justice in murder investigations.
Efecto probiótico del BIOPRANAL sobre los indicadores bioproductivos y de salud en terneros
Authors: Marin-Cárdenas Alfredo , Garcia A , Gutiérrez Parra Marisol , González Castellanos Mabel , Ochieng O.
Published: May 2023

Para el estudio del efecto probiótico de la biomasa proteica para la alimentación animal (BIOPRANAL) en terneros, se seleccionaron 40 animales de la raza Siboney en la categoría de neonatos, con un peso vivo promedio de 34 kg ± 0,23 y un promedio de la altura de la cruz de 65 cm ± 1,5. Se confeccionaron 2 grupos experimentales (control y estudio) con 20 terneros cada uno, con un peso promedio entre los grupos similares. Se suministró al grupo estudio 15 ml de BIOPRANAL/ternero/día por vía oral, en días alternos durante el periodo experimental que fue de 50 días. Los resultados obtenidos muestran un comportamiento para la ganancia de peso del grupo estudio superior al del control de 5,3 kg (p<0,05) y de igual manera la altura de la cruz es superior en dos centímetros, mientras que en los parámetros de salud el grupo control tuvo como aspecto negativo un 50% de presentación de enfermedades y un 10% de aumento de los linfocitos en la prueba hematológica sobre el grupo estudio, además con el suministro de este medio biológico se obtiene un beneficio económico del 28,0% que representa $24,8 de ganancia más por ternero sobre el grupo control, por lo que se concluye que el probiótico BIOPRANAL mejoró los indicadores bioproductivos y de salud de estos animales, así como el aspecto económico, por lo que se recomienda su uso en esta categoría bovina.
Influencia del uso de la tierra sobre almacenamiento de carbono en sistemas productivos y bosque primario en Napo, Reserva de Biosfera Sumaco, Ecuador
Authors: Jadán Oswaldo , Torres Navarrete Segundo Bolier , Günter Sven
Published: May 2023

A pesar de la creciente evidencia del efecto de los sistemas productivos tradicionales sobre el secuestro y almacenamiento de carbono, pocas investigaciones se han realizado para examinar esta relación entre el bosque y sistemas productivos tradicionales con base a la mitigación al cambio climático, especialmente en ecosistemas amazónicos. La presente investigación se realizó en la zona baja de Reserva de la Biosfera Sumaco, en la Provincia de Napo, Amazonía ecuatoriana. Se determinó el promedio de almacenamiento de Carbono (C) en la biomasa aérea y en el suelo, en siete sistemas de uso del suelo: Bosque primario, sistemas agroforestales tradicionales (chakras) con base al cultivo de cacao (sombra) propagados por semilla y por injertos, monocultivo de cacao propagado por semilla y por injertos y, chakras sin cacao con y sin sombra. Como resultado, de los sistemas agrícolas estudiados el sistema chakra con cacao propagado por semilla es el ecosistema productivo que almacena la mayor cantidad de C con un promedio de 141.4 Mg C ha-1, cantidad relativamente alta si se lo compara con el bosque primario que almacena un promedio de 334 Mg C ha-1 en la misma zona. El componente con mayor aporte al almacenamiento de carbono en el bosque es la biomasa viva con el 79.1% y, en los sistemas agrícolas el suelo con rangos de 48.9 a 90.2%.
Prepotency of needs and reward valence of employees in ministry of East African community affairs in Uganda
Authors: Oluka Benjamin Bella ,   Kampala International University
Published: May 2023

The study analyzed the prepotency of needs and reward valence of employees in the Ministry of East African Community Affairs. Specifically, the study aimed at determining the influence of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, that is; physiological needs, safety needs, belonging needs esteem-needs and self –actualization needs on reward valence of the employees of the Ministry of East African Community Affairs in Uganda, comparing if there was a significant difference between male and female respondents as to: extent of prepotency of needs and level of reward valence; and establishing if there was a significant relationship between prepotency of needs and level of reward valence. Standardized - Self-Administered Questionnaires by Reasoner (1976) (SAQs) together with a Research Devised Questionnaire were utilized for data collection. The study revealed that there was influence of; physiological needs, safety needs, belonging needs esteem needs and self-actualization on reward valence was satisfactorily meant for both the male and female respondents. From the findings, the researcher concluded that the employees, physiological needs, safety needs, belonging needs, esteem needs and self – actualization needs were fairly met in the Ministry of East African Community Affairs of Uganda. The researcher recommended that the government should set up policies and guidelines to identify and meet the needs of employees; find ways of rewarding employees by enhancing their salaries, allowances and other motivational strategies. All these should be gender sensitive.
Rule of law in Africa: the relevance of an interpretivist sociological approach
Authors: Ibembe John Daniel Bakibinga ,   Kampala International University
Published: May 2023

The concept of rule of law has historically been dealt with from philosophical, legal and political contexts. A sociological perspective seems to have been ignored. For the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16 to be attained and for the ‘people’ perspective to bear fruit, specifically, an interpretive sociological analysis becomes necessary because it focuses on understanding the meaning of rule of law from the view-point of communities. SDG 16 aims to “promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels”, and target #3 focuses on promotion of the rule of law at the national and international levels and ensure equal access to justice for all.This interpretation is in context of the communities, their beliefs, values, actions, behaviours, and social relationships with people and the institutions responsible for upholding rule of law. In an interpretive approach, understanding some of the different social units, processes, and contexts in which rule of law prevails is critical. This paper essentially stresses the importance of interpretive sociological approach to rule of law. It attempts to sketch out how an interpretive sociological approach can be mainstreamed into the rule of law philosophy. In an interpretive approach, rule of law is studied as an integral and constitutive part of social institutions, groupings and communities and challenges hegemonic practices about pure legal approaches. The argument being advanced is that interpretive sociological approach to rule of law requires involvement in the study of both participants as the object of inquiry. This may involve assessing whether rule of law is in sync with the communities or it is a process from without that is used by institutions to maintain order in societies. Rule of law sociology attempts to establish a relationship between what is claimed is rule of law and what the communities perceive it to be in reality. This paper considers how rule of law has been studied; provide an interpretive sociological perspective to rule of law, rule of law in Africa from a historic perspective; and how the difference interpretive sociology can make to ensure that the law and development intersect for Africa to meet its Agenda 2030 targets.
Power sector reform and service delivery by Abuja electricity distribution company in Nigeria.
Authors: Achimugu Hassan ,   Kogi State University, Abdullahi Aliyu , Yakubu Sado Abdul ,   Kogi State University,   Kogi State University
Published: May 2023

Despite the increase in the finance of Abuja Electricity Distribution Company on the construction and maintenance of power infrastructures, the output of electricity generated or power supply over the years was not enough to match the electricity output or power supply needed for a level that will bring about sustainability increase in service delivery by Abuja Electricity Distribution Company (AEDC), hence, the need for power sector reform. Consequently, there is need to assess power sector financing, power sector electricity charges and power sector labour force vis-à-vis the level of service delivery by Abuja Electricity Distribution Company (AEDC) in Nigeria. This research is therefore intended to provide a pivot for the development of the power sector through power sector reform and effective service delivery by the Abuja Electricity Distribution Company (AEDC). The researcher using content analysis found out that, increase in the power sector finance will help to increase power supply and consequently, the level of service delivery by Abuja Electricity Distribution Company in Nigeria. Increase in power sector electricity charges brought about decrease in power supply in Nigeria and consequently reducing the level of service delivery by Abuja Electricity Distribution Company in Nigeria .Increase in the power sector labour force led to a fall in power supply and consequently a reduction in service delivery by Abuja Electricity Distribution Company in Nigeria (AEDC). The researcher recommends among others, that Abuja Electricity Distribution Company should ensure that adequate provision must be made to streamline the financing of Abuja Electricity Distribution Company (AEDC) in such a way to increase power supply so as to improve the amount of service delivery by Abuja Electricity Distribution Company (AEDC) in Nigeria. The Abuja Electricity Distribution Company should ensure that power sector electricity charges must also be streamlined in such as way to increase power supply by allowing every electricity consumer in Lokoja metropolis to have access to prepaid meters to avoid the problem of controversial bills between the electricity consumers and the electricity service provider often caused by estimated billing.
Investigating Residential Attitudes and Perceptions of Solid Waste Generation Management System in Makindye Division of Kampala
Authors: A PETER, B ,   Kampala International University, E PETER, R.
Published: May 2023

The goal of this study is to determine residents' attitudes, perceptions, and understanding of the Makindye division's solid waste management system, as well as make recommendations about solid waste generation, planning, and control measures. For district authorities and municipalities that lack the requisite logistical skills to handle the expanding solid waste, managing collected solid waste has recently become a baffling and intimidating challenge. Essentially, the management of solid waste creation is inadequate and ineffective as a result of insufficient regulatory regulations, low technical capabilities, and a lack of public awareness, leading in environmental contamination and a variety of health problems. A poll of 400 respondents in the division was used to collect primary data. The data was analyzed using SPSS software programs. The findings show that increasing the amount of effort put into solid waste treatment reduces the amount of solid waste generated. The results revealed a strong link between management and the environment, as well as a p-value. Furthermore, the findings show that the p-value is strongly linked to management and health. When measured by the mean and standard deviation, attitudes and perceptions are statistically significant. To develop a health-hazard-free environment, it is concluded that a collaborative effort by all stakeholders, as well as the application of sustainable environmental education, is required. As a result, it is vital that environmental protection and community authorities collaborate to improve the quality of life in urban areas while also anticipating future concerns.
Heydar Aliyev and the development priorities of grain farming in Azerbaijan
Authors: Arif Lütvəli oğlu Əliyev
Published: May 2023

National leader Heydar Aliyev's unique place and role in the history of modern Azerbaijan, which established its independence, his successful foreign and domestic policy, and the huge construction works carried out in connection with the strengthening of the country's economic potential, will be the subject of investigation and research for many years to come.

In the presented article, the activities carried out by the Great Leader in the period of his leadership in 1969-1982 through the involvement of huge capital investments in the reconstruction and development of the national economy sectors are again highlighted by presenting the relevant dynamics and indicators, and in this aspect, for the reliable food supply of the population In the grain complex of strategic importance, in the organization of the country's grain processing industry, the work done in the creation and development of the production forces that make up the leading part of this industrial segment is discussed in details.

Accordingly, at the beginning of the second stage of the National leader Heydar Aliyev's leadership, the situation in which the crisis in the socio-economic and political conditions reached its apogee, as well as the main reasons for the deplorable situation in providing the country's population with grain and bakery products as the main food outcome, are indicated in the article. The author emphasizes that the situation has been stabilized and reforms in this field have been started without wasting time, as a result of the National leader's determination, will and wisdom, and he considers this approach to be a successful solution model.
The decisive role of digital technologies in the development of society and economy
Authors: Mahir Mirzəxan oğlu Səbzəliyev , Arzu İmamverdi qızı Məmmədova , Sevda Məmmədcəfər qızı Hacızadə
Published: May 2023

Important problems to be considered in the conducted research were investigated and modern strategic approaches were defined. The importance of using available resources and advanced world experience for the development of digital technologies for the development of society and economy has been determined. It was considered important to equip the society with the necessary information for sustainable development. The application of digital technologies in various areas of economic activity, the connection with increasing productivity in all areas of the national economy was analyzed and evaluated. The study shows that digital technologies are ubiquitous in traditional sectors of the economy and finance. It was noted in the study that the development of the information technology sector in Azerbaijan is due to the name of National Leader Heydar Aliyev. As a worthy follower of Heydar Aliyev's political course, President Ilham Aliyev implemented a purposeful state policy to make Azerbaijan a leading country in the ICT field in the region.
Coordination of foreign policy priorities and economic relations defined by Nationwide Leader Heydar Aliyev
Authors: Asəf Heydər oğlu Qəribov
Published: May 2023

Azerbaijan's foreign policy, which went through complex formation stages during the period of independence, was conducted under the leadership of National Leader Heydar Aliyev, certain foreign policy priorities began to be exhaustive, consistent and principled, were based on the strategic interests of the state, served the vital interests of the country, were carefully developed, distinguished by their clear, specific tasks and directions.

All these changes created conditions for the improvement of the areas that gave impetus to the development of the Republic of Azerbaijan. At the same time, recapture of Karabakh territory which are considered the historical and eternal lands of Azerbaijan, from Armenian invaders testifies to the presence of a correct management system in the foreign policy of the state, and the essence of important problems in the regulation of foreign economic relations was revealed in the research work.
PERWUJUDAN KONTRA RADIKALISME DI PONDOK PESANTREN AL-KARIMIYAH DEPOK
Authors: Putra Ari Pratama
Published: May 2023

With the claims of terrorist nests to pesantren, the reputation of Islamic educational institutions has become negative. There needs to be a new breakthrough in managing Islamic educational institutions to improve their reputation. One of them is implementing an educational model that counters radicalism in the pesantren environment, because pesantren as an Islamic educational institution with an open ideology and will easily accept differences. One of the pesantren that implements a counter-radicalism education model is the Al-Karimiyah Islamic Boarding School, Sawangan Baru, Sawangan, Depok City. So, the author is interested in researching the pesantren. This study uses qualitative by emphasizing field studies (field research). This research begins with social construction which is inter-subjective, diverse and requires an overall understanding and inter-subjective relationship of symptoms. The results show that the process of realizing counter-radicalism values ​​at the Al-Karimiyah Islamic Boarding School is through programs and management that lead to that goal. Furthermore, Islamic programs and studies fostered in Islamic boarding schools produce students who are tolerant and sociable.
CAHAYA AL-QUR’AN UNTUK MANUSIA MODERN
Authors: A. Sayuti Masduki
Published: May 2023

The Prophet had locked the position of the Al-Quran by saying that the Al-Quran is shalihun likulli Zaman wa eat. Then why is it that religious and human life today, especially in Muslim society, seems to be kept away from those things that are miraculous?. Humans are the best creatures created by God. Humans in the editorial verses of the Koran have several terms, such as al nas, al ins, al insan, and Bani Adam. From these terms some of the meanings can be revealed which provide information about the origin of human creation and its behavior. Human existence in general acts as a servant of Allah (Abd.Allah) and as a protector or prosperous on the surface of the earth (khalifah Allah). The modern era is marked by various discoveries in the scientific field. The development of science in modern times has actually been pioneered since the Renaissance era. The beginning of a new era was marked by Descartes' great effort to give philosophy a new structure. Philosophy developed not during the Renaissance, but later in the later era (Modern Age). Examining and understanding the holy Quran, which is shalihun likulli Zaman wa Makan, is a term coined 14 centuries ago, meaning that it contains a deep message that the Quran will always be in accordance with the conditions of the era and place.
PRONÓSTICO DEL DÍA SIGUIENTE DE LA RADIACIÓN SOLAR EN LA REGIÓN DE LA PAMPA HÚMEDA: ANÁLISIS DE DESEMPEÑO DEL MODELO GFS
Authors: Teixeira-Branco Vívian , Alonso-Suárez Rodrigo , Cazes Gabriel
Published: May 2023

Este trabajo evalúa las predicciones de radiación solar provistas por el modelo global GFS en diferentes sitios de la Pampa Húmeda. El análisis se realiza para el pronóstico de las primeras 24h del día siguiente utilizando medidas con calidad controlada. El modelo GFS presenta un mejor desempeño para la región que el procedimiento de persistencia tanto a escala horaria como para el integrado diario. No se observa variabilidad significativa de desempeño entre los sitios evaluados. A escala horaria el modelo presenta un sesgo hacia la sobreestimación y valores de rRMSD entre 27.2% y 37.2%. Para el integrado diario se encuentra la misma tendencia y un rRMSD entre 21.0% y 22.9%. La discriminación por distintas condiciones de cielo muestra que el desempeño del modelo empeora con el aumento de la nubosidad. Al considerar el funcionamiento bajo toda condición de cielo el modelo GFS presenta un peor desempeño que el modelo ECMWF para la región, pero es competitivo en condiciones de cielo despejado.
AVALIAÇÃO DO USO DE NANOFLUIDO DE NITRETO DE TITÂNIO EM COLETOR SOLAR DE ABSORÇÃO DIRETA
Authors: Vinicius Pinheiro Vital Caio , Rativa Diego , Arturo Gómez-Malagón Luis , Evangelista de Araujo Renato
Published: May 2023

O desenvolvimento de tecnologias relacionadas a coletores solares térmicos é fundamental para o progresso de uma matriz energética renovável. Nesse contexto, um avanço recente foi o uso de nanofluidos plasmônicos em coletores solares de absorção direta, que utilizam o próprio fluido de trabalho como elemento absorvedor de radiação solar. O uso dessa tecnologia, entretanto, é limitado pelo elevado custo de produção dos nanofluidos compostos por metais nobres. Neste trabalho, avalia-se numericamente o desempenho de um coletor de absorção direta com nanofluido de nitreto de titânio, que possui custo reduzido em relação aos nanofluidos de metais nobres. A interação das nanopartículas com a luz solar foi investigada explorando o Método dos Elementos Finitos no software COMSOL Multiphysics. O comportamento térmico do coletor foi avaliado utilizando Método das Diferenças Finitas no software MATLAB para solucionar a equação de um balanço energético em duas dimensões. A avaliação do coletor com nanofluido de nitreto de titânio teve como parâmetros de referência os desempenhos de coletores utilizando nanofluidos de metais nobres. Os resultados mostram que as partículas de nitreto de titânio exibem um espectro de absorção mais largo que os de metais nobres, o que tem como consequência uma melhor performance dos coletores de absorção direta utilizando o material proposto. Verificou-se que a eficiência térmica do coletor com nanofluido de nitreto de titânio alcança valores de até 79%, enquanto que os coletores com partículas de ouro e prata têm eficiências limitadas a 48% e 37%, respectivamente. Dessa forma, o nanofluido de nitreto de titânio se apresenta como um material promissor para o aumento da performance de coletores solares de absorção direta.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE NUMBER OF BUSBARS IN CRYSTALLINE SILICON SOLAR CELLS
Authors: Maciel Queiroz Laura , Carolin Sturm Lisa-Marie , Braga Marília , Rüther Ricardo
Published: May 2023

With the growth of the photovoltaic (PV) market, the optimization of the efficiency of PV cells comes into focus; as crystalline silicon (c-Si) cell efficiencies get closer to the material’s maximum theoretical efficiency, every decimal increase counts, with front metallization improvement being one of the many possible approaches. Optimizing the front metallization is a low-cost variation of the already known and merchandised PV technologies, bringing to the table the possibility of optimizing shading and resistive losses, and improving the final efficiency of the cell. In this study, c-Si PV cells were simulated with different numbers of busbars and at various irradiance levels, to obtain STC efficiency and to calculate the global efficiency for a given irradiance distribution, based on one year of one-second resolution data. The chosen location for which cells were optimized for was Brotas de Macaúbas, in Northeastern Brazil, that being a representative location for where utility-scale PV power plants are being deployed in the country. The chosen location also presents frequent over-irradiance events and overall high irradiance levels, with 31,72% of the annual energy being incident at irradiance levels above STC irradiance, for which cell efficiency is measured at. The cell efficiency simulations were carried out in the Griddler 2.5 software for a c-Si PERC M12 cell with up to 15 busbars and for irradiance levels from 0 to 1800 W/m2. Despite the expected rise at the optimum number of busbars due to higher irradiance levels, the research concluded the optimum busbar number for STC efficiency (5BB) is still the optimum number of busbars considering the irradiance distribution of the location, despite the slight reduction in efficiency when real conditions were considered (0,48%). In conclusion, simulations showed that changing the number of busbars alone did not manage to improve the global cell efficiency for the evaluated site.
EFEITOS DA ESTABILIZAÇÃO POR LIGHT SOAKING E DETERMINAÇÃO DOS COEFICIENTES TÉRMICOS PARA DIVERSAS IRRADIÂNCIAS DE UM MÓDULO FOTOVOLTAICO CIGS
Authors: Detzel Kipper Felipe , Perin Gasparin Fabiano
Published: May 2023

A conversão fotovoltaica da radiação solar é uma fonte intermitente de energia e depende de diversos fatores, tais como disponibilidade de radiação, inclinação do painel fotovoltaico, eficiência de conversão da célula, temperatura de operação da célula, entre outros. Os módulos fotovoltaicos possuem coeficientes térmicos que representam o comportamento de alguns parâmetros em função da temperatura. Em geral, tais coeficientes são considerados constantes ao longo da faixa de irradiâncias usuais de operação, o que acarreta uma imprecisão na modelagem do dispositivo. Neste trabalho, é feita uma investigação a fim de determinar o comportamento dos parâmetros: corrente de curto-circuito (Isc), tensão de circuito aberto (Voc) e potência máxima (Pmp) em função da temperatura e da irradiância de um módulo fotovoltaico de filme fino de tecnologia CIGS, além de verificar o efeito da estabilização por light soaking nos parâmetros. Foram feitos ensaios de medida da curva I-V de um exemplar de módulo fotovoltaico CIGS em uma série de irradiâncias e em cinco temperaturas, e a partir destas curvas foram extraídos os parâmetros: Isc, Voc e Pmp, que foram utilizados para calcular os coeficientes térmicos dos módulos fotovoltaicos em diversas irradiâncias. A variação de Isc com a temperatura é utilizada para determinação do coeficiente térmico α. Já a variação de Voc com a temperatura é usada para determinar o coeficiente térmico β. E, por fim, a variação de Pmp com a temperatura é utilizada para determinar o coeficiente térmico ϒ. Foi constatado que a variação dos coeficientes térmicos do módulo CIGS com a irradiância se mostrou similar ao apresentado por módulos de silício cristalino, justificando uma abordagem e investigação mais aprofundada no futuro.
AVALIAÇÃO DE MODELOS ENERGÉTICOS PARA COMERCIALIZAÇÃO DE ENERGIA ELÉTRICA PONTO A PONTO ENTRE CONSUMIDORES E PROSSUMIDORES RESIDENCIAIS
Authors: Bratti Machado Andriele , Arns Rampinelli Giuliano
Published: May 2023

O excedente da energia elétrica gerada pelos sistemas fotovoltaicos de geração distribuída é injetado na rede de distribuição local e sua comercialização não é permitida. Entretanto, as normativas que regulam a geração distribuída e o mercado livre de energia elétrica no Brasil estão sendo revisadas, a fim de reduzir os incentivos públicos à geração distribuída e permitir o acesso de todos os consumidores ao mercado livre de energia elétrica. Neste contexto, novos modelos de negócios para o excedente de energia elétrica de sistemas fotovoltaicos de geração distribuída devem ser implementados. Uma alternativa é a comercialização ponto a ponto, que se refere a uma microrrede composta por consumidores e prossumidores de energia elétrica que compram e vendem energia entre si. Para tanto, o presente trabalho propõe-se a desenvolver modelos energéticos para verificar a competitividade da comercialização de energia elétrica ponto a ponto entre consumidores e prossumidores residenciais. Dados de consumo da Celesc-Distribuição foram utilizados para desenvolver e analisar três modelos energéticos, cada um com dez participantes e diferentes níveis de inserção de sistemas fotovoltaicos.
DESENVOLVIMENTO E IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE SISTEMA DE CONTROLE DE ALTO NÍVEL (SCAN) PARA GERENCIAMENTO DE SISTEMAS DE ARMAZENAMENTO DE ENERGIA EM REDES DE TRANSMISSÃO E DISTRIBUIÇÃO
Authors: Renan Arrifano Manito Alex Renan Arrifano Manito , Inho Almeida Marcelo P , Andres Rodriguez Cassares Mauricio , Cesar de Souza Almeida Neto Jose , Ferreira Torres Pedro , Zilles Roberto , Figueiredo Pinto Filho Gilberto
Published: May 2023

A utilização de sistemas de armazenamento de energia como ativos em redes de transmissão e distribuição é um tema relativamente novo no planejamento da expansão das redes elétricas. Apesar dos benefícios potenciais, tais como o controle de tensão e o achatamento de picos em diversos pontos da rede, ressaltam-se os riscos associados com a falta de experiência relativa ao controle e ao gerenciamento deste tipo de aplicação. Este artigo apresenta um sistema de controle de alto nível (SCAN) para sistemas de armazenamento de energia integrados a sistemas de distribuição ou de transmissão. Os testes realizados ilustram o funcionamento do SCAN em um sistema piloto implementado no Instituto de Energia e Ambiente da Universidade de São Paulo.
ANÁLISE PRELIMINAR DA DISTRIBUIÇÃO DA RADIAÇÃO SOLAR GLOBAL HORIZONTAL NA CIDADE DE PORTO ALEGRE - RS
Authors: Da Silva Ennes Luciano , Haag Rafael , Ricardo Ducati Jorge , Coromoto Becerra-Rondón Adriana
Published: May 2023

A energia solar apresenta um rápido e sustentável crescimento no Brasil ao longo dos últimos anos. A queda nos custos dos sistemas solares, regulamentação e os incentivos governamentais vem colaborando para o aumento de todos os tipos de aplicações de energia solar, sejam eles para geração de energia, iluminação, aquecimento e demais aproveitamentos. Observa-se do mesmo modo um aumento da demanda por dados mais detalhados e qualificados a respeito do comportamento da radiação solar na superfície terrestre com o intuito de aperfeiçoar o desempenho de projetos que utilizam essa energia como sua fonte principal. Apenas informações sobre os valores médios anuais ou mensais da energia solar disponível na superfície são insuficientes para a modelagem correta de sistemas de grande porte ou que utilizam armazenamento de energia. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o comportamento da distribuição da radiação solar global diária horizontal na cidade de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul (Latitude -30,05 e Longitude -51,16), por meio de dados coletados entre 2001 e 2014 pela Estação Meteorológica Automática (EMA) do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET). A partir dos dados de radiação solar global horizontal tratados, qualificados e analisados, foram obtidas informações sobre a distribuição de frequência diária, mensal, sazonal e anual da radiação global diária horizontal. O valor médio anual acumulado para a radiação solar global horizontal diária foi de 1533 kWh/m² com desvio padrão de 65,26 kWh/m² e coeficiente de variação igual a 4,25%. As médias mensais integradas a partir dos valores diários apresentam valores máximos em janeiro (6,23 kWh/m²) e mínimo em junho (2,16 kWh/m²).
GERAÇÃO DE SÉRIES SINTÉTICAS DE RADIAÇÃO SOLAR A PARTIR DE DADOS DE INSOLAÇÃO HORÁRIA NO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO
Authors: De Azevedo Santos Emiliavaca Samira , De Fatima Correia Magaly , Regina Silva Aragão Maria , Rodrigues de Sousa Alan , Thayna Amaral de Freitas Illana , Elouise Paiva de Oliveira Élida
Published: May 2023

Séries de radiação solar são fundamentais para o dimensionamento de projetos solares fotovoltaicos. Um método de leitura automatizada de heliogramas permitiu a geração de um banco de dados de insolação horária. Os dados de insolação horária de 13 estações climatológicas serviram para o ajuste do modelo de Angström-Prescott e permitiu a estimativa de dados de radiação solar mais precisos. Os valores de desempenho do modelo de Angström-Prescott modificado tornaram explícito o melhor desempenho do método proposto a fim de estimar a radiação global. Dessa forma o método proposto pode ser utilizado em localidades que não dispõem de equipamentos mais sofisticados como é caso das medições realizadas por piranômetros. Além de mostrar que o dado contido no heliograma possui muito mais informações capazes de serem exploradas e aproveitadas no contexto de geração de séries sintéticas de radiação solar com eficiência muito maior
DETERMINACIÓN DE LOS PARÁMETROS DE UN MODELO DE INVERSOR PARA SISTEMA FOTOVOLTAICOS CONECTADOS A LA RED: AJUSTE BASADO EN ALGORITMO GENÉTICOS
Authors: Federico Farfán Roberto , Wilhelm Massen Prieb Cesar , Alberto Cadena Carlos
Published: May 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar inversores para sistemas fotovoltaicos conectados a la red, por medio del ajuste de parámetros de un modelo, implementando algoritmos genéticos. El modelo utilizado se presentó en el año 2007 por Sandia National Laboratories (King et al., 2007) y relaciona las magnitudes eléctricas que se encuentran en las hojas de datos de los fabricantes de inversores con la potencia del conjunto de módulos fotovoltaicos y la potencia de salida. El modelo permite incorporar la tensión del conjunto de módulos como variable de entrada, lo que permite desarrollar cálculos más confiables y obtener un comportamiento más real del inversor, pero también complejiza el trabajo de ajuste. Los parámetros del modelo se determinan utilizando como datos de entrada la información que brinda las curvas de eficiencia de conversión, obtenida de la hoja de datos del inversor o medidas en el laboratorio. En el trabajo se desarrolla la metodología implementada y se compara los resultados obtenidos con los que indica el fabricante de inversores. Se espera que la metodología desarrollada permita mejorar las simulaciones de los inversores utilizados en sistemas fotovoltaicos conectados a la red.
RESULTADOS PRELIMINARES DE UMA COLABORAÇÃO INTERNACIONAL PARA A MELHORIA DO DESEMPENHO FOTOVOLTAICO EM DIFERENTES CLIMAS
Authors: Kirsten Vidal de Oliveira Aline , Braga Marília , Burnham Laurie , Dittmann Sebastian , Gottschalg Ralph , Betts Tom , Figgis Ben , Oh Soo-Young , D. Rodríguez-Gallegos Carlos , Reindl Thomas , Rüther Ricardo
Published: May 2023

Este trabalho visa sumarizar os primeiros resultados obtidos de estudos da colaborativa internacional PV CAMPER (Photovoltaic Collaborative to Advance Multi-Climate Performance and Energy Research). O grupo foi estabelecido em 2018 e é hoje uma organização formalmente reconhecida, com onze instituições participantes e uma rede de 16 locais de estudo distribuídos em ambos os hemisférios e na maioria das principais zonas climáticas. Em um contexto de crescimento sem precedentes da capacidade instalada de energia solar fotovoltaica (FV) - que em anos recentes passou a abranger mercados antes não muito explorados pela tecnologia - e mudanças climáticas - que trazem condições cada vez mais extremas de operação para os sistemas FV -, a colaborativa visa a avaliação de diversos aspectos de durabilidade e desempenho de módulos FV em regiões climáticas diversas, visando um melhor entendimento das perdas e degradação da tecnologia em condições adversas pouco exploradas ou conhecidas pelo setor. Dentre as frentes de estudo do PV CAMPER estão a avaliação multiclimática de impactos na geração FV e incertezas na determinação do albedo, de taxas de sujidade, de perdas por temperatura, da ocorrência de eventos de sobreirradiância, e da deriva de piranômetros na medição de irradiância. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever os principais estudos em desenvolvimento dentro do PV CAMPER, bem como apresentar resultados preliminares da cooperação.
APLICAÇÕES DA ENERGIA SOLAR EM COMUNIDADES CARENTES E RURAIS NO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO
Authors: Fernanda Xavier Júlio Élida , Luísa de Paiva Dias Sarah
Published: May 2023

A energia solar tem se destacado entre as soluções de combate à escassez de combustíveis fósseis, à crise hídrica, a menor geração de energia por hidrelétricas, a emissão de gás carbônico na atmosfera e as consequências do aquecimento global. Sistemas que utilizam fontes alternativas e de baixo custo de operação, como os que utilizam energia solar, podem mudar esses cenários de crise e escassez em localidades desfavorecidas de infraestrutura. No Nordeste brasileiro, diante do elevado potencial solar nessa região, a aplicação da energia solar tem aumentado em diversos projetos. De um modo geral, os sistemas de energia proveniente do Sol são uma alternativa de autossuficiência para comunidades carentes e produtores rurais, promovendo uma melhor condição socioeconômica. Além disso, pode servir para combater o desperdício, minimização dos custos, geração de emprego, e gerar uma fonte de renda adicional. Algumas das implementações de sistemas de energia solar, que visam contribuir para essa população, são as que utilizam: sistemas de bombeamento solar de água para irrigação na agricultura familiar, dessalinizadores solares para produção de água potável, fogões solares para cocção de alimentos, e secadores solares para secagem de frutas.
Kajian Awal Potensi Ekstrak Kulit Buah Lontar (Borassus Flabellifer L) sebagai Dye Alami untuk Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (Dssc)
Authors: Lemau Alexia , K.Pingak Redi , Z. Johannes Albert
Published: May 2023

Telah dilakukan penelitian  tentang kajian awal potensi ekstrak kulit buah lontar (Borassus Flabellifer L) sebagai dye alami untuk Dye Sensitized Solar Cell ( DSSC). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan nilai jangkauan serapan, koefisien serapan, nilai celah energi dan potensi ekstrak kulit lontar sebagai dye alami untuk Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC). Kulit lontar yang diambil dari Ileape, Kabupaten Lembata dikeringkan dan dihaluskan menggunakan blender, kemudian serbuk kulit lontar diekstraksi secara maserasi, setelah itu dievaporasi menggunakan evaporator. Langkah berikutnya hasil evaporasi diencerkan ulang dengan etanol sehingga dapat dikarakterisasi menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis untuk mendapatkan spektrum serapan. Berdasarkan data hasil spektrum serapannya, jangkauan serapan senyawa ekstrak kulit lontar dengan konsentrasi 100 ppm, 200 ppm, 300 ppm, adalah 200 nm sampai 393 nm. Hasil analisis spektrum serapan menggunakan metode Tauc Plot memberikan nilai celah energi rata- rata sebesar 3.43 eV. Berdasarkan nilai celah energi tersebut senyawa ekstrak kulit buah lontar berpotensi untuk digunakan sebagai dye alami untuk Dye Sensitized Solar Cell ( DSSC).