bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Frekuensi Konsumsi Karbohidrat Dengan Kejadian Karies Gigi Pada anak Prasekolah
Authors: Zuhroh Diah Fauzia , Urfiyanah Urfiyanah
Published: October 2021

Masalah terbesar yang dihadapi penduduk Indonesia seperti di negara berkembang lainnya di bidang kesehatan gigi dan mulut penyakit jaringan yaitu karies gigi atau caries dentis di samping penyakit gusi. tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan konsumsi karbohidrat dengan kejadian karies gigi di TK Asmaul Husna Arosbaya Bangkalan Madura.

Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi  dalam penelitian ini seluruh siswa-siswi sebanyak  60 siswa dan jumlah sampel 53 siswa yang diambil menggunakan tekhnik accidental sampling. Variabel independen konsumsi karbohidrat dan variabel dependen karies gigi. Pengumpulan data dengan menyebar  kuesioner , pengolahan data editing, coding, scoring dan tabulating, analisa data dengan uji statistik Chisquare menggunakan SPSS 16.

Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa siswa yang mengkonsumsi karbohidrat sering 42 siswa (79,2%). Sedangkan yang mengkonsumsi karbohidrat jarang 11 siswa (20,8%).

Siswa yang tidak mengalami karies gigi 18 siswa (34,0%). Sedangkan yang  mengalami karies gigi 35 siswa (66,05). Hasil uji statistik chisquare dengan SPSS 16, p = 0,001 dimana p < α (0,05) yang berarti Hi diterima.

Kesimpulan  dalam penelitian ini yaitu ada hubungan frekuensi konsumsi karbohidrat dengan kejadian karies gigi di TK Asmaul Husna Arosbaya Bangkalan Madura.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Dengan Pemberian Asi Eksklusif Di Desa Gebang Kabupaten Bangkalan
Authors: Widiyawati Wiwik , Qamariah Lailatul
Published: October 2021

Masih banyak ibu yang tidak tahu manfaat ASI eksklusif sehingga pemberian ASI eksklusif masih rendah.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dengan pemberian ASI Eksklusif. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah analitik korelasional, dengan jenis penelitian cross sectional dan pendekatan retrospektif. Populasinya adalah semua ibu yang memiliki bayi usia 7-12 bulan. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling dan pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji koefisien kontingensi lambda. Hasil penelitian Univariat menunjukkan pengetahuan ibu kurang sebanyak 14 ibu (40%), ibu tidak memberikan ASI eksklusif sebanyak 25 ibu (71%). Hasil analisis bivariat hubungan tingkat pengetahuan ibu terhadap pemberian ASI Eksklusif diperoleh p value (0,023) < α (0,05) yang berarti H0 ditolak H1 diterima. Diharapkan adanya upaya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman tentang pentingnya ASI eksklusif agar pemberian ASI eksklusif dapat meningkat.
THE INFLUENCE OF ISLAMIC CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND INTERNAL CONTROL ON INDICATIONS OF FRAUD IN ISLAMIC COMMERCIAL BANKS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Husaeni Uus Ahmad Ahmad
Published: October 2021

This article aims to analyze the implementation of ICG (Islamic Corporate Governance) and Internal Control on indications of fraud at Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia. The method used in this study is to use quantitative analysis with technical data analysis using multiple linear regression. The data used is secondary data obtained from Islamic banking financial reports, amounting to 60 data. The conclusion in this article is the influence of Islamic Corporate Governance which is proxied by the variables of the implementation of DPS duties and responsibilities, the performance of duties and responsibilities of the board of directors, and internal control, on the dependent variable, namely, the indication of fraud in Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia of 46.1 percent while the rest 53.9 percent is influenced by other factors which are not used in this study
MEDIA POP UP BOOK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BERCERITA
Authors: ALVIOLITA NANDA WIDYANI , HUDA MIFTAKHUL
Published: October 2021

AbstrakLatar belakang yang mendorong penelitian ini merupakan pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia yang tak terlepas dari empat keterampilan berbahasa, yaitu keterampilan membaca, menulis, menyimak, dan berbicara. Salah satu keterampilan berbahasa yang sering digunakan dalam kehidupan kita sehari-hari adalah keterampilan berbicara. Kegiatan pembelajaran bercerita juga menjadi salah satu aspek kegiatan pembelajaran yang terdapat dalam keterampilan berbicara. Kegiatan bercerita dijadikan sebagai langkah awal yang dipakai guru sebagai dasar dalam melatih keterampilan berbicara siswa. Namun, dalampembelajaran bercerita siswa sering kali merasa kesulitan saat bercerita karena guru tidak menggunakan media pembelajaran bercerita yang tepat atau sesuai, guru hanya mengajar satu arah dengan menyampaikan materi lalu siswa hanya mendengarkan sehingga siswa kurang memahami dan tidak tertarik dengan pembelajaran tersebut. Oleh karena itu, rata-rata hasil kemampuan siswa dalam bercerita masih tergolong rendah. Salah satu media yang tepat digunakan guru dalam pembelajaran bercerita adalah media pop up book. Media pop up book dikembangkan sebagai ilustrasi dua atau tiga dimensi sehingga mampu menunjang dan mempermudah siswa dalam pembelajaran. Pemilihan media popup book dalam pembelajaran bercerita ini mengingat karena banyaknya kelebihan media pop up book.Kata kunci: pop up book, bercerita, media pembelajaranAbstractThe background that led to this study was that Indonesian language learning wasinseparable from four language skills, namely reading skills, writing skills, listening skills, and speaking skills. One language skill that is widely used in everyday life is speaking skills. Storytelling learning activities become one of the aspects of learning activities contained in speaking skills. Storytelling activities are used as the first step used by teachers as a basis for training students' speaking skills. However, in learning to tell stories often times students find it difficult when telling stories because the teacher does not use the right or appropriate learning media to tell, the teacher only teaches one direction, namely by conveying the material then the students only listen so that studentsare less understanding and less interested in the learning. Therefore, the average results of students' ability in storytelling are still relatively low. One of the right learning media used by teachers in storytelling learning is the pop up book. The media pop up book is developed as a two- or three-dimensional illustration so that it can support and facilitate students in learning. The choice of media pop up book in learning tells the story because of the many advantages of pop up book.Keywords: pop up book, story telling, learning media
Model of realization of personalized learning of students of higher education institution
Authors:   Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, Tkachuk Halyna
Published: October 2021

In the article, the author considers the organization of personalized learning of students of higher education by designing a pedagogical model of education. Personalized learning improves the educational process, as the student can build their own educational trajectory according to their individual needs, interests, preferences, and abilities. The proposed pedagogical model reveals the structure and content of personalized education of higher education institutions, the central figure of which is the student, his educational needs, interests, and abilities. We have identified the purpose of personalized learning, the principles and main stages that reflect the dynamics of its operation, as well as the pedagogical conditions for effective implementation of the proposed model. We have identified the basic principles of personalized learning. These are the principle of consciousness and activity of the student, accessibility and comprehensibility of the content of education, flexibility and adequacy of the educational process, the principle of consistency and dosage of educational content, social participation of participants in the educational process, control and self-control. The implementation of the model should be carried out in stages. These processes include the processes of initiation, diagnosis, and design, integration, with the latter process occurring cyclically. Pedagogical conditions are the main condition for the effectiveness of personalized learning. In the process of implementing personalized learning, it is advisable to adhere to the normative, socio-psychological, and organizational-pedagogical conditions of the educational process. The development of the model made it possible to identify certain characteristics of personalized learning. In particular, it allows to significantly increase the motivation to learn, to build an individual educational trajectory, to adapt the learning process in accordance with the student's interactions and through the mechanisms of electronic environment systems.
Criminalidade e efeito deterrence no Brasil
Authors: Teixeira Evandro Camargos , Oliveira Pedro Rodrigues , Jardim Stéffany Costa
Published: October 2021

Diante das exorbitantes taxas de criminalidade verificadas principalmente nos países em desenvolvimento, um dos fatores mais importantes e capazes de impedir sua evolução se refere ao efeito deterrence. Este corresponde a existência de elementos dissuasórios que agem no sentido de desestimular o avanço do crime, com destaque para aqueles relacionados aos mecanismos da justiça e da polícia, denotados por Becker (1968). Dessa forma, este estudo inova ao considerar tais mecanismos em conjunto, representados pelos gastos públicos per capita com o sistema judiciário e o policiamento, respectivamente, e seus efeitos sobre as taxas de homicídios no Brasil durante o período 2005-2013. para tal, utilizou-se um painel dinâmico, onde os resultados demonstram que apenas os gastos per capita com justiça impactam sobre a criminalidade, mas de forma positiva, o que levanta questionamentos a respeito da capacidade alocativa dos recursos públicos no intuito de deter o avanço do crime no país.
O USO DAS TECNOLOGIAS DE INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO NO ENSINO PÚBLICO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Teixeira Maria da Glória
Published: October 2021

A necessidade da promoção de um debate sob a pluralidade das abordagens de diversos profissionais da Educação da Rede Pública do Brasil no que tange aos recursos de ensino utilizados nas salas de aula e da inclusão das novas tecnologias, como mais uma ferramenta a ser implementada no processo ensino aprendizagem. A fundamentação teórica foi estruturada com base na abordagem histórico-cultural, principalmente em autores como Vygotsky , LÉVY, Almeida, Masseto, bem como em autores que dão continuidade a essa abordagem que pressupõe que o ser humano não é só um produto do seu contexto social, mas é também um agente ativo na criação desse contexto. Aplicando-se a metodologia qualitativa de natureza interpretativa, procuramos adotar uma abordagem clara e fundamentada, para que a condução desse artigo permita investigar o fenômeno com base nas percepções dos indivíduos envolvidos nas atividades. Tal abordagem caracteriza-se por uma conceitualização a respeito dos diversos recursos de ensino utilizados nas salas de aula e da inclusão das novas tecnologias, como mais uma ferramenta a ser implementada no processo ensino aprendizagem. Os resultados contribuíram para a discussão de como a tecnologia vem sendo incorporada na prática pedagógica.
Asynchronous Learning: An Answer in the Era of Pandemic
Authors: Vidhiasi Dhion Meitreya , Hakim Mohammad Andi , Humardhiana Ana , Ikawati Listiana , Aisyiyah Muhsiyanah Nurul
Published: October 2021

The condition of the COVID19 pandemic has changed the habits of the world, including the education sector in Indonesia. For schools with strong economic strength, both students and educators will have no significant difficulties in implementing face-to-face online learning in a full manner (synchronous). On the other hand, there are many obstacles to implementing synchronous learning in schools with low economic abilities for both students and educators. One learning method that can be done with minimal barriers is asynchronous learning. Akademi Maritim Nusantara Cilacap and IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon, both school have low economic strength, both students and lecturers. This study aims to see the benefits and problems that arise in applying asynchronous learning in Maritime English II of Akademi Maritim Nusantara Cilacap and English I of IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon course. The researcher uses Google Classroom, YouTube, WhatsApp and Telegram media in lecture activities. The researcher then conducted a mini-survey to find out the advantages and obstacles experienced by students. The data is then explained using a qualitative descriptive method. The results showed at least 5 (five) advantages and 1 (one) weakness in asynchronous learning. The five benefits are material enrichment, access to learning materials, social interaction, personal interaction, and ease in discussing student work. Meanwhile, the constraints found were related to cost-effectiveness.
The Influence of English Ability and Educational Methods on the Military Vehicles Operationalization for Cadets in the Army and Military Academy at Cavalry Educational Center, Padalarang, Indonesia
Authors: Rishanti Fauziyah Aulia
Published: October 2021

English skills are needed in the military field which always faces dynamic conditions. This research was intended to determine the relationship between English ability and educational methods used by military cadets at the Pusat Pendidikan Kavaleri on their ability to operate military vehicles. The method used is a quantitative method with population were all Army Secapa cadets and the Indonesian Army Military Academy who were currently studying at the Cavalry Education Center (Pusdik Kav) in Padalarang, West Java Province, Indonesia. Data collection technique used was observational technique, which was to examine directly by using a questionnaire and interview. The result of this research is that there is a significant relationship between the English Ability and the Educational method on military vehicles operationalization. In other words, if the English Ability and the Educational method is increased, the military vehicles operationalization for the Indonesian Army will be greater. In addition, the findings of this research are useful for military cadets and institution itself.
تحليل مؤشرات تطرفات درجات الحرارة اليومية في العراق
Authors: أحمد لفته حمد البديري م.د.
Published: October 2021

تعد التغيرات المناخية واثارها من أبرز التحديات التي تواجه الانسان في القرن الواحد والعشرين، تناولت الدراسة الحالية تقييم الاتجاهات الزمانية والمكانية لمؤشرات تطرفات درجات الحرارة العظمى والصغرى اليومية  في العراق للمدة (1985 – 2020 )  باستخدام عشر مؤشرات لقياس التطرف الحراري بالاعتماد على بيانات المركز الأوروبي لتنبؤات الطقس متوسطة المدى (ECMWF) لاثنتي عشرة نقطة شبكية تمثل محطات العراق، واستخدام اختبار (Rho) ومعادلة الانحدار الخطي والإحصاءات الوصفية، وكشفت نتائج الدراسة وجود اتجاه نحو الزيادة في مؤشرات (TXx ، TXn ، TNx ، TNn) وبلغ اعلى مقدار للزيادة في مؤشر (TXn) بمقدار (0.49) ) °م للعقد ذات دلالة إحصائية على المستوى السنوي وكانت المناطق الشمالية هي الأكثر تغير في المؤشرات المذكورة ، بينما سجلت مؤشرات الأيام والليالي الباردة (TX10p ، TN10p) اتجاهاً متناقصاً وبلغ اعلى مقدار للتناقص في مؤشر الأيام الباردة بمقدار (-2.6) % للعقد ، في حين شهدت مؤشرات الأيام والليالي الحارة (TX90p ، TN90p) اتجاها متزايدا  ذات دلالة إحصائية عالية وبلغ اعلى مقدار للتزايد في مؤشر الأيام الحارة بمقدار (2.9) % للعقد ، اما مؤشر الأيام الصيفية (SU) الليالي المدارية (TR) سجلت ايضاً اتجاها واضحاً نحو الزيادة وبلغ اعلى مقدار للتزايد في الأيام الصفية بواقع (4.3 ) يوم للعقد الواحد ذات دلالة احصائية، وتوكد نتائجنا الحالية زيادة التطرفات المناخية بسبب ظاهرة الاحترار العالمي ، وبهذا تظهر أهمية نتائج الدراسة للتحديات المستقبلية التي تواجه العراق في العقود القادمة لا سيما على الموارد المائية الامن الغذائي صحة الانسان استهلاك الطاقة الامر الذي يتطلب وضع سياسات مناسبة للتكيف مع التغيرات المناخية واثارها المستقبلية.
العوامل المؤثرة على مشاركة المرأة في اتخاذ القرارات الاسرية في مدينة الكوت (دراسة في جغرافية السكان)
Authors: أمل عطيوي عباس م.د.
Published: October 2021

تهدف الدراسة التعرف على أثر العوامل الديموغرافية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية على مشاركة المرأة في القرارات الاسرية في مدينة الكوت ومنها التركيب العمري للزوج والزوجة والعمر عند الزواج  والتحصيل الدراسي للزوجين ومهنة المرأة وحجم الأسرة وغيرها من العوامل الأخرى, وركزت الدراسة على القرارات المتعلقة بتعليم المرأة وتعليم ابنائها وقرارات بشأن عمل المرأة وتنظيم ميزانية الأسرة وقرارات اخرى تخص الصحة الانجابية للمرأة. واعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي والتحليلي والاسلوب الكمي وتم الاعتماد عدد من الاساليب الاحصائية مثل مربع كاي ومعامل ارتباط سبيرمان  للكشف عن الارتباط بين بعض خصائص المرأة وقدرتها على اتخاذ القرارات الأسرية .

الكلمات المفتاحية :-

اثر-العوامل الديموغرافية-العوامل الاقتصادية- العوامل الاجتماعية-القرارات الاسرية.

 

The Effect of Demographic, Economic and Social Factors on Women's Participation in in Famil Decision – making in Kut: A Study in the Geography of Population

Lecturer: Amel Otaiwi Abbas (PhD)

General Directorate of Education / Wasit / IRAQ

E-Mail: amjameel66@gmail.com                    

Abstract

تهدف الدراسة التعرف على أثر العوامل الديموغرافية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية على مشاركة المرأة في القرارات الاسرية في مدينة الكوت ومنها التركيب العمري للزوج والزوجة والعمر عند الزواج  والتحصيل الدراسي للزوجين ومهنة المرأة وحجم الأسرة وغيرها من العوامل الأخرى, وركزت الدراسة على القرارات المتعلقة بتعليم المرأة وتعليم ابنائها وقرارات بشأن عمل المرأة وتنظيم ميزانية الأسرة وقرارات اخرى تخص الصحة الانجابية للمرأة. واعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي والتحليلي والاسلوب الكمي وتم الاعتماد عدد من الاساليب الاحصائية مثل مربع كاي ومعامل ارتباط سبيرمان  للكشف عن الارتباط بين بعض خصائص المرأة وقدرتها على اتخاذ القرارات الأسرية .

الكلمات المفتاحية :-

اثر-العوامل الديموغرافية-العوامل الاقتصادية- العوامل الاجتماعية-القرارات الاسرية.

 

 

       

Abstract

The present study seeks to investigate the effect of demographic, economic and social factors on the women's participation in family decision-making in the city of Kut, including the age group of both the husband and wife, age at the time of marriage, education of the spouses, women's profession, size of family, etc. The study has focused attention on those decisions related to women's education and educating their sons as well as decisions relevant to the work of women, regulating family budget and other related decisions with reproductive health of women.

It is worthy to mention that the present study has adopted the descriptive and analytic approach, together with the qualitative method. Additionally, a number of statistical methods has been utilized, like: Qi-Square, Pearson Correlation Coefficient to reveal the association between some characteristics of women and their ability to make family 

It is worthy to mention that the present study has adopted the descriptive and analytic approach, together with the qualitative method. Additionally, a number of statistical methods has been utilized, like: Qi-Square, Pearson Correlation Coefficient to reveal the association between some characteristics of women and their ability to make family
AMY1A expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival following treatment: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of amylase, alpha 1A (salivary), encoded by AMY1A when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, AMY1A expression was correlated with recurrence-free survival in basal subtype breast cancer, a molecular subtype sharing significant overlap with triple negative breast cancer. AMY1A may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
PTPN22 expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival following treatment: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 22 (lymphoid), encoded by PTPN22 when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, PTPN22 expression was correlated with overall survival in basal subtype breast cancer, a molecular subtype sharing significant overlap with triple negative breast cancer. PTPN22 may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
The influence of social norms varies with “others” groups: Evidence from COVID-19 vaccination intentions
Authors: Rabb Nathaniel , Bowers Jake , Glick David , Wilson Kevin H. , Yokum David Vincent
Published: October 2021

The theory that health behaviors spread through social groups implies that efforts to control the pandemic through vaccination will succeed if people believe that others in their groups are getting vaccinated. But “others” can refer to many (often overlapping) groups, such as one’s family, neighborhood, city, state, or political party. These distinctions and their relationship to behavior are understudied in the social norms and public health literature. One challenge to studying them is that many factors may confound making inferences from observed relationships between perceived social norms (what people believe others do) and intended behaviors (what people themselves will do) because there are often plausible common causes for both. For example, vaccination intentions and perceptions of one’s social group’s intentions could both increase with age, since age is a known COVID-19 risk factor and people may know more people in their own age groups. We address these issues by applying a matched design that approximates pair-randomized experiments to survey data collected in the US during late fall 2020 (N = 890) and spring 2021 (N = 996). We find that a strong relationship between perceived vaccination social norms and vaccination intentions remains when controlling for a host of real risk factors as well as dimensions known to predict COVID-19 preventive behaviors even though they are not associated with risk. The strength of the relationship declines as the queried social group grows larger and more heterogeneous. The relationship for co-partisans is second in magnitude to that of family and friends among Republicans but undetectable for Democrats. Sensitivity analysis shows that these relationships could be explained away only by an unmeasured variable with large effects on both social norms perceptions and vaccination intentions (odds ratios between two and nineteen times), and a prediction from the false consensus interpretation that intentions cause perceived social norms is not supported. We discuss the implications for public health policy and understanding social norms.
AN ESSAY ON THE IMPACT OF OIL AND GAS DEVELOPMENT ON THE LANDSCAPE AND SURFACE IN NIGERIA
Authors: Sakib S M Nazmuz
Published: October 2021

In Nigeria, the self-proclaimed ‘Giant of Africa’, the same scenario has been playing for the past fifty years to devastating effects especially in the Niger Delta, where oil is extracted in Nigeria. The entry of oil companies into the Niger Delta has no doubt brought great financial wealth. Despite these concerns, multinational oil companies operating in the Niger Delta region have failed to adopt best practice strategies for risks mitigation and comply with environmental regulations. This essay will focus on the impact on the impact of oil and gas development on the landscape, surface water and groundwater of the Niger Delta – while also assessing the various means of remediation in use.A total of about 1,182 exploration wells have been drilled to date in the delta basin, and about 400 oil and gas fields of varying sizes have been documented. Geologically, the Niger Delta petroleum systems consist of Lower Cretaceous, Upper Cretaceous–lower Paleocene and Tertiary. According to , a large portion of the world’s oil and gas reserves are in tertiary terrigenous passive continental margins – accounting for the significant hydrocarbon deposits Nigeria’s Niger Delta. The ecological zones can be broadly grouped into tropical rainforest in the northern part of the Delta and mangrove forest in the warm coastlines of the south.
The globalizability of temporal discounting
Authors: Ruggeri Kai , Panin Amma , Vdovic Milica , Većkalov Bojana , Abdul-Salaam Nazeer , Achterberg Jascha , Amatya Jolly , Amatya Kanchan , Arunasalam Arjoon , Ashcroft-Jones Sarah , Sheshdeh Aseman Bagheri , Buabang Eike Kofi , Burghart Matthias , Aquino Sibele Dias , Bjørndal Ludvig Daae , Cazan Ana-Maria , Clay Georgia , D'Ambrogio Simone , Dugue Tatianna , Feng David , Freichel René , Freira Lucia , Friedemann Maja , Gao Ziwei , Geiger Sandra Jeanette , Hecht Marlene , Izydorczyk David , Jakob Lea , Jarke Hannes , Kácha Ondřej , Karakasheva Ralitsa , Kemel Emmanuel , Krawiec Jakub Maciej , Lagidze Nato , Lazić Aleksandra , Lee Hyung Seo , Lep Zan , Lins Samuel , Mamo Metasebiya Ayele , Mareva Silvana , Meyer Sebastian A. , McGill Lucy , McParland Sharon , Mizak Szymon Bartłomiej , Mukhyshbayeva Aizhan , Navajas Joaquin , Neshevska Dragana , Nieto Ana Elsa , Nippold Franziska , Oberschulte Julia Marie , Pae Riinu , Panchelieva Tsvetelina , Park Sun Young , Pascu Daria Stefania , Prinz Gerhard M. , Rachev Nikolay R. , Razum Josip , Rutherford Charlotte , Said Rand , Sanguino Inés , Shir Yarden , Sievert D. Elisabeth C. , Soboleva Irina , Tavera Felice , Todsen Anna Louise , Vakhitov Volodymyr , Valencia Adrianna Jordan , Venema Tina , Vintr Jáchym , Vranka Marek Albert , Wagner Lisa , Xu Kailin , Yosifova Aleksandra , Zupan Zorana , Garcia-Garzon Eduardo
Published: October 2021

Economic inequality is associated with extreme rates of temporal discounting, which is a behavioral pattern where individuals choose smaller, immediate financial gains over larger, delayed gains. Such patterns may feed into rising global inequality, yet it is unclear if they are a function of choice preferences or norms, or rather absence of sufficient resources to meet immediate needs. It is also not clear if these reflect true differences in choice patterns between income groups. We test temporal discounting and five intertemporal choice anomalies using local currencies and value standards in 61 countries. Across a diverse sample of 13,629 participants, we found highly consistent rates of choice anomalies. Individuals with lower incomes were not significantly different, but economic inequality and broader financial circumstances impact population choice patterns.
BERKREASI LEWAT VISUAL ART & BERMAIN WARNA DALAM KONSELING
Authors: Yaslim Nathania Pramendra
Published: October 2021

Seni visual sering dijumpai dan berdekatan dengan kehidupan manusia. Sejak kecil, kita sudah didekatkan bahkan melakukan seni visual itu sendiri. Selain itu, seni visual juga memiliki keterikatan dengan warna. Konon katanya, warna bisa menggambarkan pesan atau sebuah emosi yang dirasakan oleh individu. Misalnya memakai warna hitam saat sedang berduka atau bahkan menggunakan warna merah sangat mendapat berita bahagia. Lewat hal ini, seni visual dan warna pun dijadikan sebagai media dalam proses layanan konseling. Nyatanya, seni visual juga warna memang bisa menjadi media individu untuk berusaha menyampaikan pesannya juga pengalaman pribadinya apabila kesulitan menyatakannya lewat verbal. Tinjauan literatur ini bertujuan untuk mendalami media seni visual dalam layanan konseling dan juga psikologi warna. Tinjauan literatur ini akan berfokus mengenai definisi seni visual dalam konseling, jenis-jenis seni visual, populasi yang dapat melakukan konseling seni visual, dan psikologi warna.
Thalamic hyperconnectivity as neurophysiological signature of major depressive disorder in two multicenter studies
Authors: Gallo Selene , ElGazzar Ahmed , Zhutovsky Paul , Thomas Rajat Mani , Javaheripour Nooshin , Li Meng , Bartova Lucie , Bathula Deepti R. , Dannlowski Udo , Davey Christopher , Frodl Thomas , Gotlib Ian , Grimm Simone , Grotegerd Dominik , Hahn Tim , Hamilton Paul , Harrison Ben , Jansen Andreas , Kircher Tilo , Meyer Bernhard , Nenadic Igor , Olbich Sebastian , Paul Elisabeth , Pezawas Lukas , Sacchet Matthew , Sämann Philipp Gero , Walter Henrik , Walter Martin , van Wingen Guido
Published: October 2021

The promise of machine learning has fueled the hope for developing diagnostic tools for psychiatry. Initial studies showed high accuracy for the identification of major depressive disorder (MDD) with resting-state connectivity, but progress has been hampered by the absence of large datasets. Here we used regular machine learning and advanced deep learning algorithms to differentiate patients with MDD from healthy controls and identify neurophysiological signatures of depression in two of the largest resting-state datasets for MDD. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were obtained from the REST-meta-MDD (N=2338) and PsyMRI (N=1039) consortia. Classification of functional connectivity matrices was done using support vector machines (SVM) and graph convolutional neural networks (GCN) and performance was evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation. Results were visualized using GCN-Explainer, an ablation study and univariate t-testing.Mean classification accuracy was 61% for MDD versus controls. Mean accuracy for classifying (non-)medicated subgroups was 62%. Visualization of the results showed that classifications were driven by stronger thalamic connections in both datasets, while nearly all other connections were weaker with small univariate effect sizes.Whole brain resting-state connectivity is a reliable though poor biomarker for MDD, presumably due to disease heterogeneity. Deep learning revealed thalamic hyperconnectivity as a prominent neurophysiological signature of depression in both multicenter studies, which may guide the development of biomarkers in future studies.
Ethnomedical specialists and their supernatural theories of disease
Authors: Lightner Aaron , Heckelsmiller Cynthiann , Hagen Edward H
Published: October 2021

Religious healing specialists such as shamans often use magic. Evolutionary theories that seek to explain why laypersons find these specialists convincing focus on the origins of magical cognition and belief in the supernatural. In two studies, we reframe the problem by investigating relationships among ethnomedical specialists, who possess extensive theories of disease that can often appear “supernatural,” and religious healing specialists. In study 1, we coded and analyzed cross-cultural descriptions of ethnomedical specialists in 47 cultures, finding 24% were also religious leaders and 74% used supernatural theories of disease. We identified correlates of the use of supernatural concepts among ethnomedical specialists; incentives and disincentives to patronize ethnomedical specialists; and distinct clusters of ethnomedical specialists that we label prestigious teachers, feared diviners, and efficacious healers. In study 2, we interviewed 84 Maasai pastoralists and their traditional religious and non-religious healing specialists. We found that laypersons relied on medicinal services based on combinations of efficacy, religious identity, and interpersonal trust. Further, laypersons and specialists largely used abstract concepts that were not conspicuously supernatural to describe how local medicines work. We conclude that religious healers in traditional societies often fulfill a practical and specialized service to local clients, and argue that supernatural theories of disease often reflect abstract cognition about rare phenomena whose causes are unobservable (e.g., infection, mental illness) instead of a separate “religious” style of thinking.
Mental health during the COVID-19 outbreak in Uruguay: the impact of healthy lifestyle behaviors and sociodemographic factors
Authors: Paz Valentina , Chirullo Vicente , Montero Federico , Ruiz Paul , Selma Hugo , Fernández-Theoduloz Gabriela
Published: October 2021

Background: Numerous studies have reported high rates of depressive and anxiety symptoms related to the COVID-19 crisis and the measures implemented to contain the virus spread. Even though restrictive measures, such as mandatory lockdown were not applied in Uruguay, mental health could be affected. Moreover, sociodemographic and lifestyle factors could modulate this impact. We aimed to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on depressive and anxiety symptoms among Uruguayan people and examine the associated factors.Methods: This study was conducted in a non-probabilistic sample of 1051 adults (aged ≥18 years). Depressive (Beck Depression Inventory-II) and anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) symptoms were assessed along with isolation conditions, sociodemographic factors, and lifestyle behaviors. Linear models were adjusted to analyze the data. Results: Participants in our sample reported mild-to-moderate depressive symptoms and severe anxiety symptoms. Those who did total isolation reported the highest levels of symptomatology. Also, as days of isolation increased, symptoms increased. Finally, sex, socioeconomic status, age, physical activity, sleeping routines, exposure to light and outdoor activities have an effect on mental health. Conclusions: This study illustrates that the COVID-19 outbreak impacts mental health even in a country with mild-lockdown. Our results highlight the importance of considering sociodemographic and lifestyle factors when developing clinical intervention programs to mitigate the current crisis’s effects.
Multi-party referential communication in complex strategic games
Authors: Mankewitz Jess , Boyce Veronica , Waldon Brandon , Loukatou Georgia , Yu Dhara , Mu Jesse , Goodman Noah D. , Frank Michael C.
Published: October 2021

Verbal communication is an ubiquitous aspect of human interaction occurring in many contexts; however, it is primarily studied in the limited context of two people communicating information. Understanding communication in complex, multi-party interactions is both a scientific challenge for psycholinguistics and an engineering challenge for creating artificial agents who can participate in these richer contexts. We adapted the reference game paradigm to an online 3-player game where players refer to objects in order to coordinate selections based on the available utilities. We ran games with shared or individual payoffs and with or without access to language. Our paradigm can also be used for artificial agents; we trained reinforcement learning-based agents on the same task as a comparison. Our dataset shows the same patterns found in simpler reference games and contains rich language of reference and negotiation.
Sharing data to better understand one of the world’s most significant shared experiences: An overview of the openly accessible longitudinal COVID-19 Psychological Research Consortium (C19PRC) Study data
Authors: McBride Orla , Butter Sarah , Hartman Todd K. , Murphy Jamie , Hyland Philip , Shevlin Mark , Gibson Miller Jilly , Levita Liat , Mason Liam , Martinez Anton Philipp , McKay Ryan , Lloyd Alex , Stocks Thomas Victor Arthur , Bennett Kate Mary , Vallières Frédérique , Karatzias Thanos , Valiente Carmen , Vazquez Carmelo , Contreras Alba , Bertamini Marco , Panzeri Anna , Bruno Giovanni , Bentall Richard
Published: October 2021

This paper serves to alert IJPDS readers to the availability of a major new longitudinal survey data resource, the COVID-19 Psychological Research Consortium (C19PRC) Study, which is being released for secondary use via the Open Science Framework. The C19PRC Study is a rich and detailed dataset that provides a convenient and valuable foundation from which to study the social, political, and health status of European adults during an unprecedent time of change as a direct result of the COVID-19 pandemic and Brexit. Here, we provide an overview of the C19PRC Study design, with the purpose of stimulating interest about the study among social scientists and maximising use of this resource.
Effect of Yoga on Endocrine and Nervous System in Adolescent children: Assessment Using EPI parameters
Authors:   MSc Yoga, SVYASA University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Gayathri V , AlakaMani TL Dr. ,   PhD, SVYASA University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Shivakumar Dr. Kotikalapudi ,   PhD, SVYASA University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Published: October 2021

Behavioral problems are highly prevalent in adolescent children. Adolescence is characterized by several major morphological and functional / behavioral changes. Hyper activities at endocrine and nervous systems seem to be the major cause for the behavioral changes during this transition period. Yoga is found to be one of the effective methods that can influence various bio-systems and can be used in schools to establish physical and psychological well being. Asssessment of endocrine and nervous system is very expensive and tedious process which is only done in a clinical setting. Electro photonic imaging (EPI) is an emerging technology that can assess energy levels of various organs and organ systems in a non-clinical setting. It is a two group (yoga group and control group) study with pre-post data collection. Yoga intervention is given in an English medium high school during academic hours. About 60 students of 8th standard participated in the study with 30 samples in each of the group. Energy levels of endocrine and nervous system is taken for both groups by scanning all the 10 fingers before and after yoga intervention. Highly specialized BioWell equipment and software was used to capture the images. EPI parameters for throat energy, thyroid gland, hypothalamus and nervous system has shown significant difference between pre-and post values of yoga group and it has shown significant reduction in the mean value of post data of yoga group whereas the mean value of same parameters in post data of control group has increased. This clearly establishes the efficacy of yoga in normalizing the effect of the endocrinal system and the resultant nervous hyper-activity. EPI is capable of differentiating energy levels of endocrine and nervous system values of yoga and control group.
Ethnopharmacological Potential and Medicinal Uses of Miracle Herb Dioscorea spp.
Authors:   Research Associate at Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mewar University, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan-312901, India., Mustafa Aadil , Ahmad Aziz ,   Assistant Professor and Researcher at Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mewar University, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan-312901, India., Tantray Aadil Hussain ,   Research Associate at Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mewar University, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan-312901, India., Parry Parvaiz Ahmad ,   Research Associate at Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mewar University, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan-312901, India.
Published: October 2021

Dioscorea a well-known source of Diosgenin-steroid raw material, is one of the oldest tuber crop cultivated or harvested from wild in the tropical region throughout the world and make up one of the chief food items for a number of tribal groups. In India there are about 50 species of dioscorea, mainly found in North-East region which is rich in tropical root and tuber crops. Dioscorea produces rhizomes or bulbils, which are having rich medicinal and economic value. The rhizomes are used for the treatment of different diseases like cardiovascular system disorders, central nervous system disorders, disease of bones and joint metabolic disorder, disgestive disorders, sore throat for struma, diarrhea, irritability, abdominal pain, dysfunctional changes in the female reproductive system, skin diseases, oncology and immune deficiency and autoimmune diseases, anti-diabetes, neuroprotectiveused, decrease oxidative stress and many more disordered conditions. Diosgenin is a precursor for the chemical synthesis of drug like steroids and has a great importance for pharmaceutical industry. Dioscorea contains various bioactive chemical substances like diosgenin, corticosterone, and sigmasterol, which are of great market value. The current study is to appraise the medicinal properties, phytochemicals, and pharmacological activities of Dioscorea.
An update review on Hibiscus rosa sinensis phytochemistry and medicinal uses
Authors:   Department of Biological and Environmemntal Sciences, College of Arts and sciences, Qatar University (QU), Doha, Qatar, Missoum Asmaa
Published: October 2021

Hibiscus rosa sinensis is known as China rose belonging to the Malvaceae family. This plant has various important medicinal uses for treating wounds, inflamation, fever and coughs, diabetes, infections caused by bacteria and fungi, hair loss, and gastric ulcers in several tropical countries. Phytochemical analysis documented that the main bioactive compounds responsible for its medicinal effects are namely flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, and alkaloids. Experiment from recent studies showed that various types of extracts from all H. rosa sinensis parts exhibited a wide range of beneficial effects such as hypotensive, anti-pyritic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic, wound healing, and abortifacient activities. The few studies on toxicity exhibited that most extracts from all parts of this plant did not show any signs of toxicity at higher doses according to histological analysis. However, some of the extracts did alter biochemical and hematological parameters. Therefore, further research must be conducted to isolate the phytochemicals and explore their specific mechanism of action. This review summarizes the phytochemistry, pharmocology, and medicinal uses of this flower with the purpose of finding gaps demanding for future research and investigating its therapeutic potential through clinical trials.
Vaginal Vibrator as an alternative to Dilator in vaginal stenosis post pelvic radiotherapy in cervical cancer
Authors: Shah Manjari , Tiwari Disha
Published: October 2021

Sexuality, post cancer treatment is the most unattended aspect of patient doctor communication. Quality of life in a cancer survivor should be addressed without any inhibitions so that patient does not suffer from any kind of psychological distress. Vaginal stenosis is a well-known side effect of pelvic radiotherapy, which we have tried to address in our study. We have used vaginal vibrator as an alternative to vaginal dilator in two of our patients on experimental basis post vaginal dilator. Both the patients gave feedback that vibrator is comparatively easy to use and less painful. On follow up examination visits, their per vaginal examinations were easy to perform and visibly improved vaginal mucosal health. Psychosexual adjustment is an important domain for better quality of life. Vaginal vibrator is an unorthodox method which we have explored and found some promising results, in overcoming vaginal stenosis and adhesions post pelvic radiation. However, this aspect of treatment as well as method needs to explored.
Evaluation of Cephalic Index in children from the Madheshi community in Sarlahi district, Nepal
Authors: Sah Surendra Kumar , Tamang Man Kumar , Yadav Om Prakash , Shah Amit Kumar
Published: October 2021

Background: Cephalic index is one of the important craniofacial parameters which is commonly used for investigating the length and breadth of the head. Cephalic Index (CI) is defined as the ratio between maximum breadth of the head and the maximum length of the head multiplied by 100. Body mass index (BMI) is a nutritional marker of the body derived from the measurement of height (in m2) and weight (in kg).
Aims and Objective: To analyse the effect of BMI on the CI.
Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted from April 2021 to June 2021 with sample size of 200 children of age groups 5-8 years from Ramnagar Gaupalika of Sarlahi, Province 2, of Nepal. We measured the cephalic index of the children and asked a set of structured questionnaire to the guardian or parent of the children. Height and weight of the children were also measured and BMI was determined. Data analysis was completed using SPSS version 16.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 6.56 years, BMI of 18.09 and cephalic index (CI) of 81.82. The mean CI in males and females were 82.05 and 81.59 respectively. Our results show significant association between BMI category and CI category (chisquare test, p-value=0.000), mode of delivery and BMI category (chisquare test, p=0.042) and significant negative correlation between BMI and CI (Pearson’s R=-0.591, p=0.037).
Conclusion: The most common pattern of CI was hyperbrachycephalic in the children of low BMI whereas the pattern of CI in case of the normal BMI was the mesocephalic type. It also confirmed that the sexual dimorphism exists in both the low BMI and the normal BMI.
Effect of intermittent normobaric hypoxia exposure on acclimatization to high altitude by air induction
Authors: Bhaumik Gopinath , Dass Deepak , Ghosh Dishari , Singh Kishan , Reddy Maram Prasanna Kumar
Published: October 2021

Background: In emergency like condition, defence personnel are deployed to high altitude without proper acclimatization. Maladaption at high altitude leads to high altitude illness like acute mountain sickness (AMS), high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) which hampers the operational capabilities.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of intermittent normobaric hypoxia exposure (IHE) at sea level on different physiological responses during initial days of acclimatization at 3500m and 4000m altitudes in acute induction.
Materials and Methods: The IHE subjects were exposed to 12% FIO2 (equivalent altitude 14500 ft) for 4 hrs/day for 4 consecutive days at sea level and 5th day they were inducted by air to 3500m altitude. Baseline recording of different physiological parameters like cardiovascular, respiratory, oxygen saturation and AMS score were measured at sea level as well as 3500m altitude on daily basis for 6 days to assess acclimatization status. To confirm acclimatization status at 3500m, on fifth day the IHE group subjects were transported by road to 4000m and again measured different basal physiological parameters (like cardiovascular, oxygen saturation and AMS score) for four consecutive days.
Results: Different physiological parameters of IHE treated group were stabilized by day 4 of air induction at 3500m altitude. Whereas, at 4000m altitude, these parameters were stabilized by day 2 of induction.
Conclusion: Acclimatization schedules of four days at 3500m and two days at 4000m are essential to avoid malacclimatization/or high-altitude illness.