bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changing patterns of general practice services during a period of public sector investment in Britain
Authors: Aljohani Motab , Donnelly Michael , O’Neill Ciaran
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Given the importance of GP care to the public’s health, it is important that we understand how patterns of service use change as levels of investment change. This study investigated GP use in Britain in conjunction with use of outpatient services during a period of investment and during a period of austerity.

Method

The study used data from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) that included service use, morbidity (as an indicator of need) and socio-demographic characteristics (e.g., employment, age, education, and sex). Data for 2000, 2004, and 2008, were specifically chosen for comparison with data from 2015, 2016 and 2017. Service use and respondent characteristics were described using measures of central tendency and dispersion. Multivariable analyses were undertaken using recursive bivariate probit (RBVP) and probit analyses separately for each study year. All analyses were adjusted for cross-sectional weighting.

Results

BHPS respondents who used outpatient services or GP services had higher morbidity compared to survey participants who did not. Older people, people with lower educational attainment and employed people had higher mean morbidity indices in each study year as did females. Morbidity among service users tended to decline slightly over time. RBVP analyses revealed a significant positive correlation in residuals between outpatient and GP functions in 2000 and 2004 but not 2008. GP consultations and outpatient use remained largely unrelated to socio-economic factors in each year. Survey participants who reported hearing or vision impairment conditions were consistently less likely to use GP or outpatient services in 2000 and 2004, in 2008.

Conclusion

The results are broadly indicative of stable relationships in service use during a period of healthcare investment but change during austerity. Those who reported, vision, hearing, and skin conditions were consistently less likely to report use of GP or outpatient services, controlling for other aspects of health.
Woody species composition and diversity of agroforestry homegardens along altitudinal gradient in southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Jegora Tefera , Hundera Kitessa , Kebebew Zerihun , Eneyew Adugna
Published: January 2025

Homegarden agroforestry systems that integrate trees with agricultural practices are usually valued for the conservation of farm biodiversity. Despite the system having a significant conservation role, litle is known on woody species composition and diversity following the elevation belt of southwest Ethiopia. A complete enumeration of 72 homegardens (24 each from altitudinal gradient) was purposively selected for woody species inventory. A total of 55 woody species belonging to 31 families and 45 genera were recorded. Of which, 56.4% of woody species are indigenous and two are endemic to Ethiopia. Family Fabaceae was the most represented family with eight species. The highest species richness (42) was observed at high altitudes followed by 39 species at middle and 31 species at low altitudes but no significant difference between them. Species richness significantly (P < 0.001) increased with increasing wealth status. The overall richness distribution was 46, 40, and 27 across rich, medium, and poor wealth classes respectively. Shannon diversity index differed significantly between poor and rich households. Pearson correlation result shows a strong positive and significant correlation between richness and wealth status. The mean woody species density was 89.06±9.25 and 1236.22±131.42 per garden and hectare, respectively. Stem density was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in wealthier farms. We found that, in southwestern Ethiopia wealthier agroforestry farms can support more woody species diversity in homegardens.
Activity impairment, work productivity, health-related quality-of-life, and costs associated with uncomplicated urinary tract infection among females in Germany
Authors: O’Brien Megan , Marijam Alen , Mitrani-Gold Fanny S. , Terry Laura , Taylor-Stokes Gavin , Joshi Ashish V.
Published: January 2025

Uncomplicated urinary tract infections (uUTIs) represent a sizable healthcare burden with a substantial negative impact on patients’ health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL). However, the HRQoL impact of uUTI from the patient perspective is under-represented in research. A cross-sectional online survey assessed activity impairment and work productivity, HRQoL, costs, and treatment satisfaction of female patients with uUTIs in the US; the current study applies this earlier methodology to Germany to provide a European perspective. We examined: activity impairment and work productivity using Activity Impairment Assessment (AIA), and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) questionnaires, respectively; HRQoL using a modified Short Form-36, and participants completed the treatment satisfaction questionnaire for medication. Participants (≥ 12 years) self-reported a uUTI treated with oral antibiotics in the last 60 days, had no evidence of complicated UTI, and were recruited via a consumer panel. In the patient (N = 200) survey, bladder pain (70%), dysuria (69%), and frequent urination (66%) were the most common uUTI symptoms reported. Activities frequently affected by uUTI were sexual activity (56%) and exercise (48%), resulting in an overall AIA score of 8.2 indicating that activities among patients were impaired ‘most of the time’ during their recent uUTI. Absenteeism was 29% (of a 40-hour work week); presenteeism, 34%; and overall work impairment, 41%. Indirect costs due to impact of uUTI were €7.62/hour/participant, representing a loss for the employer. The lowest HRQoL scores were for mental (44%) and physical components (43%); emotional and physical functioning scores were 71% and 70%, respectively. Mean direct costs of €20.10 for medical treatments and €11.30 for other treatment costs were reported. Overall, most participants were satisfied with the uUTI treatment (76% satisfaction score). Results demonstrate the patient-reported burden of uUTI for patients and employers, with activities and ability to work impacted, resulting in a notable indirect burden in Europe.
The relationship between physical education teachers’ competence support and middle school students’ participation in sports: A chain mediation model of perceived competence and exercise persistence
Authors: Liu Yubo , Yan Jianhua , Li Jing
Published: January 2025

This study explores the relationship between physical education teachers’ support and middle school students’ participation in sports. It also clarifies this relationship’s mediating roles of perceived competence and exercise persistence. A questionnaire survey involved 879 Chinese middle school students, consisting of 434 males and 445 females. The results indicate a significant positive correlation between teachers’ competence support and students’ participation in sports (p < 0.01). Perceived competence and exercise persistence as important mediators between teachers’ competence support and students’ involvement in sports, with the mediation effect comprising independent mediation by perceived competence and exercise persistence and a chain mediation effect involving both. The effect value was 0.156, with contributions of 60.4%, 43.6%, and 73.1% to the total mediating effect, respectively. In physical education courses, teachers should enhance their competence to support students, increase students’ interest in learning, and promote the development of sports participation. By understanding the predictive roles of teacher support, perceived competence, and exercise persistence on sports participation, strategies can be developed to better enhance students’ levels of participation in physical activities, thereby improving their beliefs about physical health and their confidence in exercising.
Barriers and enablers to opioid deprescription: A qualitative study
Authors: Lawrence Rebecca , Versteeg Everett , Pike Andrea , Etchegary Holly , Hall Amanda
Published: January 2025

Background

Canada has the fourth highest per capita rate of opioid prescriptions in the world, contributing to the country’s opioid crisis. Due to both their pain-relieving and euphoric properties, opioids can be highly addictive, leading to potential overdose and death. Deprescription is an endorsed and organized method of discontinuing a drug but very little is known about the barriers that Canadian physicians face when attempting to deprescribe opioids, particularly those who practice in rural areas (which have some of the highest rates of opioid users).

Methods

This was an explorative, qualitative study describing rural family doctors’ experiences and practices regarding opioid deprescription in primary care. A convenience sample of family doctors who had experience working with patients taking opioid medications was recruited from the professional networks of study team members. After consenting to participate, data was collected using semi-structured telephone interviews and analyzed by researchers experienced in applying the Theoretical Domains Framework to assess barriers and enablers of behavior change.

Principal findings

10 physicians participated in this study. Our analysis revealed four barriers and five enablers related to opioid deprescription in rural primary care. Barriers include a lack of knowledge and skills related to deprescribing, discomfort initiating deprescription, patient pressure to continue prescribing opioids, and a lack of foundational support required to deprescribe. Enablers include working with colleagues who share common views on overuse of opioids and deprescription; access to other healthcare providers, community-based resources, and clinical tools; using a systematic approach to deprescription; previous experience successfully deprescribing opioids; and practicing in a rural setting.

Conclusions

Opioid dependence and over-prescription continue to be a problem for our health system. Deprescription is necessary but challenging for family physicians. Rural physicians are keenly aware of the importance of preserving the physician-patient therapeutic relationship and open and clear communication about opioid medications and deprescription but feel unprepared to manage this in the face of difficult issues surrounding deprescription. They also feel unprepared to deal with deprescription effectively without access to other resources, healthcare professionals, patient education materials and time. Rural physicians would benefit most from added foundational supports for deprescription.
Research on boundary control of vehicle-mounted flexible manipulator based on partial differential equations
Authors: Tang Yuzhi
Published: January 2025

Vehicle-mounted flexible robotic arms (VFRAs) are crucial in enhancing operational capabilities in sectors where human intervention is limited due to accessibility or safety concerns, such as hazardous environments or precision surgery. This paper introduces the latest generation of VFRAs that utilize advanced soft materials and are designed with elongated structures to provide greater flexibility and control. We present a novel mathematical model, derived using Hamilton’s principle, which simplifies the analysis of the arm’s dynamic behaviors by employing partial differential equations (PDEs). This model allows us to understand how these arms behave over time and space, classifying them as distributed parameter systems. Furthermore, we enhance the practical utility of these robotic arms by implementing a proportional-derivative (PD) based boundary control law to achieve precise control of movement and suppression of vibrations, which are critical for operations requiring high accuracy. Our approach’s effectiveness and practical utility are evidenced by numerical simulations, which verify that our advanced control strategy greatly enhances the performance and dependability of VFRAs in actual applications. These advancements not only pave the way for more sophisticated robotic implementations but also have broad implications for the future of automated systems in various industries.
Using the Behaviour Change Wheel to develop an intervention to improve conversations about recovery on the stroke unit
Authors: Burton Louisa-Jane , Forster Anne , Johnson Judith , Crocker Thomas F. , Clarke David J.
Published: January 2025

Background

Understanding recovery is important for patients with stroke and their families, including how much recovery is expected and how long it might take. These conversations can however be uncomfortable for stroke unit staff, particularly when they involve breaking bad news. This study aimed to begin development of a novel complex intervention to improve conversations about recovery on stroke units.

Methods

Informed by previously collected qualitative data, we used the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) approach to identify possible 1. barriers to communication about recovery on stroke units; 2. Intervention Functions; 3. Behaviour Change Techniques (BCTs) to incorporate in an intervention. We subsequently sought stroke professionals’ perspectives through an online survey. Respondents rated the importance of barriers for intervention inclusion and evaluated the usefulness and feasibility of the suggested BCTs.

Results

Our behavioural diagnosis identified a target behaviour of provision of information about recovery by stroke unit professionals to patients and carers. Twelve possible barriers to this behaviour were identified, with six potential Intervention Functions to address them, and 29 BCTs. Forty-eight multidisciplinary professionals responded to the survey. The six barriers rated as most important to address were: lack of confidence; perceptions of insufficient communication skills; lack of knowledge of the benefits; difficulties in deciding when and in what format to provide information; absence of private spaces for discussions; and lack of generic written information to support conversations. The developed intervention strategy comprised twelve clinically feasible and useful BCTs, encompassing the Intervention Functions of Training, Enablement, Persuasion, and Environmental restructuring.

Conclusions

The BCW approach was successfully used to begin development of an intervention to improve conversations about recovery on the stroke unit; our survey enabled incorporation of stakeholder perspectives. Further development work is required to design intervention materials and test whether the strategies are effective in improving staff and patient outcomes.
Designing a prototype trauma registry framework for a tertiary health institution in a low- and middle-income country: A qualitative study
Authors: Adesoba Helen , Olumide Adesola , Oluwadiya Kehinde , Oladiran Ajibola , Ojifinni Kehinde , Popoola Oluwafemi , Bonander Carl
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Low- and middle-income countries experience high injury-related mortality rates, with road traffic crashes being a significant contributor in Nigeria. Data from trauma registries are crucial for designing and advocating for trauma intervention programmes. However, there is limited research to inform the development of trauma registries in a Nigerian setting. The aim of this study was to design a feasible prototype trauma registry (TR) including, scope of activities and registry components for University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria.

Methods

In-depth interviews were conducted with eight purposively selected trauma registry stakeholders in UCH to obtain context-specific information for a prototype registry. An expert meeting was conducted with four purposively selected experts within the hospital to assess and validate the suitability of the prototype TR scope and TR components, confirming their applicability and potential efficacy in UCH. Information obtained from the interviews and expert meeting were analysed deductively using thematic analysis.

Results

Stakeholders identified the most feasible scope for the trauma registry (TR) as daily data collection on all trauma patients from their initial presentation to discharge or death. This data would be gathered primarily at two critical points: the accident/emergency department and the wards where trauma patients are admitted. Stakeholders believed that comprehensive information about trauma patients could be achieved through these collection points. Following this scope, the analysis led to the identification of 21 essential components and activities for the TR, which were then organised into six categories: registry personnel, computers and other materials, trainings, technology infrastructure, administrative services, and monitoring and evaluation.

Conclusion

The scope and components identified are relevant to our context and have the potential to contribute to trauma prevention programmes, improve patient care and outcomes, and contribute to trauma-related policies and programmes if successfully implemented.
Microsporidian Nosema bombycis secretes serine protease inhibitor to suppress host cell apoptosis via Caspase BmICE
Authors: Ran Maoshuang , Bao Jialing , Li Boning , Shi Yulian , Yang Wenxin , Meng Xianzhi , Chen Jie , Wei Junhong , Long Mengxian , Li Tian , Li Chunfeng , Pan Guoqing , Zhou Zeyang
Published: January 2025

Microsporidia are a group of intracellular pathogens that actively manipulate host cell biological processes to facilitate their intracellular niche. Apoptosis is an important defense mechanism by which host cell control intracellular pathogens. Microsporidia modulating host cell apoptosis has been reported previously, however the molecular mechanism is not yet clear. In this report, we describe that the microsporidia Nosema bombycis inhibits apoptosis of Bombyx mori cells through a secreted protein NbSPN14, which is a serine protease inhibitor (Serpin). An immunofluorescent assay demonstrated that upon infection with N. bombycis, NbSPN14 was initially found in the B. mori cell cytoplasm and then became enriched in the host cell nucleus. Overexpression and RNA-interference (RNAi) of NbSPN14 in B. mori’ embryo cell confirmed that NbSPN14 inhibited host cells apoptosis. Immunofluorescent and Co-IP assays verified the co-localization and interaction of NbSPN14 with the BmICE, the Caspase 3 homolog in B. mori. Knocking out of BmICE or mutating the BmICE-interacting P1 site of NbSPN14, eliminated the localization of NbSPN14 into the host nucleus and prevented the apoptosis-inhibiting effect of NbSPN14, which also proved that the interaction between BmICE and NbSPN14 occurred in host cytoplasm and the NbSPN14 translocation into host cell nucleus depends on BmICE. These data elucidate that N. bombycis secretory protein NbSPN14 inhibits host cell apoptosis by directly inhibiting the Caspase protease BmICE, which provides an important insight for understanding pathogen-host interactions and a potential therapeutic target for N. bombycis proliferation.
Avirulence depletion assay: Combining R gene-mediated selection with bulk sequencing for rapid avirulence gene identification in wheat powdery mildew
Authors: Kunz Lukas , Jigisha Jigisha , Menardo Fabrizio , Sotiropoulos Alexandros G. , Zbinden Helen , Zou Shenghao , Tang Dingzhong , Hückelhoven Ralph , Keller Beat , Müller Marion C.
Published: January 2025

Wheat production is threatened by multiple fungal pathogens, such as the wheat powdery mildew fungus (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, Bgt). Wheat resistance breeding frequently relies on the use of resistance (R) genes that encode diverse immune receptors which detect specific avirulence (AVR) effectors and subsequently induce an immune response. While R gene cloning has accelerated recently, AVR identification in many pathogens including Bgt lags behind, preventing pathogen-informed deployment of resistance sources. Here we describe a new “avirulence depletion (AD) assay” for rapid identification of AVR genes in Bgt. This assay relies on the selection of a segregating, haploid F1 progeny population on a resistant host, followed by bulk sequencing, thereby allowing rapid avirulence candidate gene identification with high mapping resolution. In a proof-of-concept experiment we mapped the AVR component of the wheat immune receptor Pm3a to a 25 kb genomic interval in Bgt harboring a single effector, the previously described AvrPm3a2/f2. Subsequently, we applied the AD assay to map the unknown AVR effector recognized by the Pm60 immune receptor. We show that AvrPm60 is encoded by three tandemly arrayed, nearly identical effector genes that trigger an immune response upon co-expression with Pm60 and its alleles Pm60a and Pm60b. We furthermore provide evidence that Pm60 outperforms Pm60a and Pm60b through more efficient recognition of AvrPm60 effectors, suggesting it should be prioritized for wheat breeding. Finally, we show that virulence towards Pm60 is caused by simultaneous deletion of all AvrPm60 gene paralogs and that isolates lacking AvrPm60 are especially prevalent in the US thereby limiting the potential of Pm60 in this region. The AD assay is a powerful new tool for rapid and inexpensive AVR identification in Bgt with the potential to contribute to pathogen-informed breeding decisions for the use of novel R genes and regionally tailored gene deployment.
Dedicationes Femeninas al Genius en la Península Ibérica. Algunos Ejemplos
Authors: Fernández Uriel Pilar , Trepat Civís Mireia
Published: January 2025

Estudio del concepto, función y trascendencia de las figuras de Genius y Iuno en la religiosidad romana a través de los testimonios históricos, con especial atención a determinadas inscripciones relativas a dedicantes femeninas halladas en la Península Ibérica.
Pax Iulia: A cidade romana de Beja em período romano-republicano
Authors: De Conceição Lopes Maria
Published: January 2025

Em linhas gerais, com base nos dados arqueológicos recolhidos no centro da cidade de Beja, na área do Conservatório Regional de Música do Baixo Alentejo, é hoje possível acompanhar o processo dinâmico do tecido urbano ocorrido na cidade de Beja e seguir com algum detalhe o processo de fábrica urbana.
Ultrapassada que está a questão da ocupação pré-romana de Beja, a avaliação coordenada de materialidades e estratigrafia arqueológica com morfologia urbana, documentos e cartografia histórica, permite aferir os processos transperiódicos e transculturais que enformam o processo de construção da cidade de Beja na longa duração. 
Mesmo não sendo ainda muito abundantes os testemunhos, aqueles que hoje analisamos, permitem-nos introduzir a dinâmica socio-espacial que ocorre em Beja, em meados do século I a. C.. 
Adoptando uma metodologia particularmente atenta à articulação entre permanência e mudança da forma urbana, a nossa abordagem arqueogeográfica introduziu o busto de Cesar identificado em Beja como elemento integrado de entendimento da vida urbana em Pax Iulia.
De Gijón a Bragança. Una visión global de la epigrafía del conventus Asturum
Authors: Abascal Juan Manuel
Published: January 2025

El conventus Asturum es el mayor de los tres conventos del noroeste de Hispania e incluye diversos territorios, todos muy diferentes por su paisaje y por sus actividades económicas pero con un denominador común, que es la identidad étnica de todos sus habitantes, que son Astures. En este gran conventus se han encontrado hasta el momento más de 1.600 inscripciones romanas y hay evidencias de muchas officinae diferentes que producen esos monumentos. En el texto se trata de los límites del conventus y se muestran algunos elementos singulares de esta colección epigráfica.
El uso de los medios pagados por los partidos políticos en España: el caso VOX
Authors: Rodríguez-Rodríguez Sergio , Rodríguez-Ávila Nuria
Published: January 2025

El trabajo analiza el uso que ha realizado VOX de los medios de comunicación de pago desde su primera campaña en abril de 2014 hasta la actualidad (con cierre a 31 de diciembre de 2021). El objetivo es conocer el uso que hace el partido político de los diferentes medios de comunicación, cuantificar que medios utiliza y analizar que mensajes lanza a través de su publicidad. Se recoge el contexto competitivo, es decir el número de piezas y los medios de comunicación que han utilizado los partidos políticos y sindicatos en el periodo de estudio para establecer un marco de referencia. Se han visionado o escuchado de forma exhaustiva las 159 piezas publicitarias que VOX ha utilizado en el periodo objeto de análisis para posteriormente codificar y clasificar sus mensajes con el objeto de descubrir que temas son los más relevantes para la organización a la hora de hacer publicidad. Es decir, aquellos sobre los que quiere incidir o transmitir con mayor claridad a la ciudadanía. Además, se ha constatado que personas son las referentes dentro de las piezas. Se concluye que Vox utiliza la radio de una forma más intensa que sus competidores, y que la formación comunica principalmente sobre temáticas relativas a la inmigración, a los impuestos y a la unidad de España.
Consumo de audio en la infancia y la adolescencia: radio y plataformas digitales
Authors: Pérez-Alaejos María-de-la-Peña , Hernández-Prieto Marina , Martín-Nieto Rebeca
Published: January 2025

En la era digital, los hábitos de consumo de audio entre niños y jóvenes en España han cambiado drásticamente debido a la accesibilidad de tecnologías móviles y plataformas de streaming. Este estudio analiza cómo interactúan con los contenidos de audio, incluyendo podcast, música y audiolibros, y los principales indicadores de su dieta sonora. Para investigar estos hábitos, se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa mediante encuestas con Qualtrics a una muestra representativa de niños y adolescentes de 3 a 18 años. Los resultados revelan que el consumo de audio digital está en auge, aunque los contenidos sonoros específicos para niños y adolescentes son limitados y, a menudo, desconocidos para ellos. El gasto en suscripciones de audio es significativamente menor comparado con el vídeo. Los adolescentes gastan menos en suscripciones de audio, mientras que las familias de niños de 7 a 12 años reportan no gastar nada en ellas. La mayoría de los consumos audiovisuales ocurren en casa, con una tendencia creciente hacia el uso de dispositivos personales como teléfonos móviles a medida que los niños crecen. Spotify solo empieza a ser relevante en la adolescencia. Esta investigación pone de manifiesto la necesidad de ajustar los parámetros de medición para ofrecer datos confiables sobre el consumo de audio, fomentando la confianza en la industria y explorando nuevas oportunidades de producción y distribución de contenido sonoro para estos targets.
Mediaciones parentales en el uso de dispositivos móviles desde la perspectiva infantil: estudio comparativo entre Argentina y Colombia
Authors: Lopez-Ordosgoitia Rocio , Piracón-Fajardo Jaime-Andrés , Arias Valentina , Giraldo-Cadavid Diana-Alexandra
Published: January 2025

Las mediaciones parentales en el uso de dispositivos móviles de niños y niñas suponen un desafío cotidiano y mayúsculo para las familias contemporáneas. Este artículo busca identificar, desde la perspectiva infantil, las formas de acompañamiento de padres y madres, las tensiones en las formas de regulación y la presencia de la familia extendida alrededor del uso que los niños y niñas hacen de sus dispositivos móviles. Para esto, se ha realizado un análisis comparativo de datos cualitativos que recogen la perspectiva de 120 niños y niñas de Colombia y Argentina entre las edades de 9 a 12 años. Los resultados fueron consistentes en ambos países. Los padres y madres están cada vez más involucrados en el uso de dispositivos móviles por parte de sus hijos e hijas, acompañándolos en la navegación de riesgos y fomentando oportunidades. Las redes familiares más amplias y el valor del familiarismo, propias de las familias latinoamericanas, también están presentes en las actividades de acompañamiento digital. Desde la perspectiva infantil, los miembros de la familia, en particular las madres y los padres, son su recurso principal para resolver problemas, como ayudas técnicas y ante situaciones de riesgo. Los resultados revelaron que los niños y niñas perciben la mediación parental en el uso de dispositivos móviles como una negociación continua que involucra tanto tensiones como momentos de diálogo y encuentros.
The Effect of Low-Dose Aspirin on Disease Activity in Pregnant Individuals With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Memel Zoe , Yu Amy , Fenton Cynthia , Wen Timothy , Irani Roxanna A. , Zhang Li , Mahadevan Uma
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION:

Low-dose aspirin (LDA) is recommended for pregnant individuals at elevated risk for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). However, regular aspirin use may raise concerns of increased disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of LDA use in pregnant IBD patients and the effect of LDA on IBD disease activity.

METHODS:

Included were individuals with IBD and pregnancy followed by maternal fetal medicine between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2022. LDA use was ascertained from medication lists during pregnancy. Primary outcome was IBD flare during pregnancy or 6-month postpartum, defined as IBD-related hospitalization or surgery, new therapy initiation, elevated fecal calprotectin, or new active endoscopic disease.

RESULTS:

Among 320 pregnancies in women with IBD (232 patients), 90 (28%) were prescribed aspirin during pregnancy. The percentage of women with IBD flare during pregnancy or postpartum was similar among those who were and were not prescribed aspirin (20% vs 26%, P = 0.36). Individuals on aspirin were older (35 vs 34 median years), more likely to have preterm birth (21% vs 14%), higher parity (2 vs 1), and cesarean delivery (50% vs 27%) than individuals not on LDA (all P < 0.01). Both groups had similar rates of HDP, although individuals on LDA had higher rates of preeclampsia (10% vs 4.3%, P = 0.10).

DISCUSSION:

Approximately one-third of patients with IBD cared for in a maternal fetal medicine practice were prescribed LDA during pregnancy. The use of aspirin among pregnant patients with IBD was not associated with an increased risk of disease activity.
Delineation of management zones in a grain production area
Authors: Guimarães Flávio Henrique Caixeta , Cunha João Paulo Arantes Rodrigues da , Hurtado Sandro Manuel Carmelino
Published: January 2025

The delineation of management zones (MZs) is an important strategy for implementing precision agriculture. However, it is a complex process that requires further study. The objective of this study is to delineate MZs and validate them with respect to soil characteristics as well as corn and soybean yield in a 97-ha land cultivated under a no-till farming system. Samples were collected for physio-chemical analysis of soils and apparent electrical conductivity (EC). Moreover, data on the altitude and yield of soybean and corn were obtained. The data were initially analyzed descriptively and using Pearson correlation. Data interpolation and the elaboration of spatial variability maps for each characteristic were then performed. Furthermore, MZ thematic maps were developed. The ideal number of MZs for each combination or strategy studied was determined by the lowest value of the fuzziness performance index and normalized classification entropy. For MZ validation, Fuzzy K-means algorithm and Kappa index were used. The delineation of MZ was possible with the use of the soil characteristics with a higher temporal stability, such as the combined use of EC, soil organic matter, and clay, enabling the validation of differences in corn and soybean yield using Fuzzy algorithm and Kappa index. Data collected in different sample density did not interfere in the definition and validation of the MZ. No correlation was found between the soil EC and other chemical characteristics and yield. Furthermore, the correspondence of soil chemical properties for each MZ was not be feasible in areas with built-up soil fertility.
Olive oil: research model to clarify its health benefits and its unique mechanism of action
Authors: Kassem Ahmad Rashad , Ahmed Mahmoud Mohamed , Montaser Sherien Abdelwahab , Hassan Zeinab Salem Said , Mohammed Manal Ramadan
Published: January 2025

The uniqueness of   Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) convincing evidence that its intake has many health aspects by increased longevity and prevention of many age-associated non infectious diseases such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, Twenty-four rats were divided into 4 groups (6 rats each), as a following: Control group, EVOO group: rats were oral administrated with EVOO at a dose of 1ml/100g body weight for two weeks, Irradiated group (IR): rats were exposed to 6Gy of whole body γ-radiation; EVOO and IR group: rats were oral administrated with EVOO for two weeks prior to irradiation (6Gy). EVOO successfully reduces cellular destruction, chromosomal aberrations, pro-inflammatory markers interleukin-1β (IL-1β),and ameliorates heart and coronary arteries tissues damages, accompanied by lowering Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF),Total Cholesterol (TC) and Triglyceride levels (TG). Therefore, EVOO provided adequate protection for cells against exposure to harmful ionizing irradiation (6 Gy).
Políticas linguísticas e internacionalização
Authors: Giacomassi Priscila Célia , Soja Ana Cecilia , Barbas Luis André Luz
Published: January 2025

No âmbito dos Institutos Federais, a internacionalização tem ganhado cada vez mais espaço nos debates e gerado a demanda para que políticas e programas direcionados ao tema sejam criados, implementados e avaliados. Inerente a todo esse processo, segue a necessidade de fomento e fortalecimento do ensino de línguas estrangeiras como um de seus principais instrumentos viabilizadores. O pressuposto básico deste trabalho é que ele deve ser realizado a partir de uma abordagem plurilinguística no contexto educacional, de forma a respeitar, acolher e valorizar a multiculturalidade – cuja expressão basilar é a língua. Nesse cenário, o presente texto se propõe a apresentar uma contextualização da visão de internacionalização e sua relação com o ensino de idiomas que está sendo desenvolvida em três instituições da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica (RFEPCT): o IFPR campus Colombo, o IFF campus Bom Jesus do Itabapoana e o IFPA campus Castanhal. Embora não seja exaustiva, a análise desses casos pontuais e ilustrativos permite ao leitor refletir sobre como um fio condutor comum pode ser (e está sendo) aplicado de forma pragmática a partir das mais diversas condições. Eles ilustram como os pilares que expressam a missão dos Institutos Federais – ensino, pesquisa, extensão e inovação –, são ferramentas essenciais para promover o ensino de línguas dentro de uma estratégia abrangente de internacionalização da educação.
Trajetórias de produção de significados sobre o português e o inglês em experiências de migração estudantil no Brasil
Authors: Dias Ana Luiza Krüger
Published: January 2025

Este artigo objetiva discutir práticas de recuperação, projeção, avaliação e recontextualização de significados sobre usos linguísticos em português e inglês ao longo de trajetórias de mobilidade de estudantes migrantes no Brasil. Considerando que os processos de globalização contemporânea diversificam a internacionalização acadêmica e, consequentemente, as políticas de ensino de línguas estrangeiras a ela relacionadas, esta proposta focaliza as experiências multilíngues de duas estudantes do convênio internacional PEC-G em uma universidade no Centro-Oeste brasileiro, a partir de dados oriundos de entrevistas realizadas em pesquisa etnográfica multissituada entre 2019 e 2022. Os resultados mostram uma trajetória no ensino superior brasileiro para estudantes do PEC-G altamente ancorada na necessidade de aprendizagem de língua portuguesa durante a graduação, articulada com políticas linguísticas ligadas à necessidade do inglês como porta de entrada na pós-graduação, em práticas que encapsulam a aprendizagem de línguas estrangeiras a partir de noções reificadas de língua, nação e cultura. Ao mesmo tempo, as estudantes também recontextualizam esses significados e recalibram metapragmaticamente seus usos, levando a novas rotas migratórias, de modo a construir espaços de pertencimento em comunidades linguísticas complexas e fragmentadas. Diante disso, propõe-se a necessidade de compreender a internacionalização das IES a partir dos atravessamentos político-ideológicos que orientam as exigências institucionais a estudantes em mobilidade, apontando, ao mesmo tempo, para as negociações e rupturas possíveis em práticas linguístico-educacionais complexas desde o Sul Global.
O conceito de equidade e a educação escolar quilombola no Paraná
Authors: Jovino Ione da Silva , Couto Ligia Paula , Fraga Letícia , Oliveira Ronna Freitas de Oliveira
Published: January 2025

Nosso objetivo é apresentar alguns resultados de uma pesquisa aplicada sobre a equidade no Ensino Médio (EM), referente à educação escolar quilombola no Paraná (PR). Metodologicamente, trata-se de uma discussão teórica com levantamento bibliográfico. Inicialmente, a discussão foi sobre o conceito de equidade na educação em sentido amplo, sendo compreendido como um modo de proporcionar distribuição de direitos, recursos e oportunidades de maneira mais justa, com imparcialidade. Para tratar educação escolar quilombola, considerando a equidade no acesso e permanência, discutimos o conceito de quilombo e as principais Leis que a fundamentam. Como conclusão, entendemos que não há como separar o direito à terra das questões educacionais. No PR, temos somente dois colégios quilombolas, Diogo Ramos e Maria Joana Ferreira. Assim, há necessidade de ampliação do debate acerca da educação escolar quilombola, pensando a relação dos territórios das comunidades no estado e se há escolas suficientes atendendo estudantes do EM.
"Preferably Quilombola": At the crossroads of territory, teaching, and Education Policy for Quilombola Communities
Authors: Cunha Andréia Martins da , Miranda Shirley Aparecida de , Azevedo Débora Rodrigues
Published: January 2025

This article aims to reflect on the shifts caused by the implementation of an educational policy focused on Quilombola Education (EEQ), which, in its political framework, opposes the current school model by demanding the coexistence of other logics, other rationalities, and how this policy is based on the field of teaching. The "preferably quilombola" prerogative, established in the context of the EEQ policy in Minas Gerais, brings to the scene tensions and conflicts that focus on the confiscation of an identity and the insurgent process of its resignification. Being quilombola, being a teacher, a quilombola teacher, more than disputing a functional space in the school institution, speaks of the existence of an identity in the political field, an existence in dispute. It is a dispute that marks the process of recognition of quilombola communities, their territories, and territorialities.
A experiência educativa do Povo Juruna: o trabalho pedagógico comunitário na construção de uma escola fronteiriça
Authors: Parente Francilene de Aguiar , Miléo Irlanda do Socorro de Oliveira , Silva Taiane Lima
Published: January 2025

Discute-se como os Juruna do Km 17 – trecho localizado entre os municípios de Altamira e Vitória do Xingu, Estado do Pará, vêm utilizando a escola existente na comunidade Boa Vista para a demarcação das suas fronteiras identitárias. Objetiva analisar a construção da identidade Juruna na sua relação com o pensar e o fazer pedagógico da escola da aldeia Boa Vista, sinalizando, nas práticas escolares, o atendimento aos preceitos legais da política de educação escolar indígena e o fortalecimento da identidade étnica, especialmente quando em processo de etnogênese. A pesquisa de campo fez uso de técnicas etnográficas, entre elas entrevistas abertas, registros fotográficos e observação participante. A escola, que historicamente serviu às tentativas de homogeneização, hoje é pensada como fronteira na medida em que é ressignificada por outras culturas. Entre os sujeitos em questão, percebeu-se que a Escola Francisca Juruna, eleita por eles como principal estrutura social de fortalecimento étnico, desempenha relevante papel na afirmação da identidade indígena do grupo na medida em que busca zelar pela manutenção das fronteiras identitárias, contribuindo com a atualização dos sinais diacríticos e com o sentimento de pertença étnica.
10 Anos do Processo Seletivo Especial na UFPA: conquistas e desafios da inserção do movimento indígena no ensino superior paraense
Authors: Braga Gabriel Silva , Cardoso Denise Machado , Baré Elaine Bruno Lima , Piratapuia Antônio José Marinho Aguiar Neto
Published: January 2025

O debate sobre o acesso dos povos indígenas nas instituições de ensino superior ainda é recente, considerando o tempo de existência das universidades e do ingresso de indígenas como estudantes em cursos de graduação. Marcado por conflitos e questionamentos às estruturas das universidades, o ingresso de pessoas originárias nessas instituições de ensino atende às demandas dos próprios movimentos indígenas. Na Universidade Federal do Pará, o ingresso na graduação ocorre a partir do Processo Seletivo Especial em 2010, o qual completou 10 anos em 2020. Este artigo busca compreender quais avanços ocorreram nessa primeira década, bem como sintetizar os desafios enfrentados nessa instituição. Para tal, pesquisaram-se os dados oficiais, realizou-se levantamento bibliográfico e entrevistas com três lideranças da Associação dos Povos Indígenas Estudantes da UFPA. Dessa forma, compreende-se o avanço significativo da instituição na garantia da conclusão dos cursos desses e dessas estudantes, ao mesmo tempo, em que muitos espaços foram ocupados com vistas à inclusão dessas populações. Evidenciou-se que os principais desafios se referem ao enfrentamento ao racismo institucional e à permanência estudantil em um novo ambiente.
Entrevista com a Profa. Dra. Kátia Linhares Lima Costa
Authors: Costa Kátia , Furlaneto Flávia
Published: January 2025

Nesta edição, entrevistamos a primeira periodontista a obter aprovação no Board em Periodontia da SOBRAPI, o diploma de proficiência na prática da Periodontia, Dra. Kátia Linhares Lima Costa. Com a aplicação do Board, a SOBRAPI visa estimular o exercício de excelência da especialidade no país. A Dra. Kátia, que atua em Sobral, no Ceará, foi aprovada na primeir vez em que o exame do Board foi aplicado, durante o XXIX Congresso Brasileiro de Periodontologia – Sobrape 2022, em Salvador/BA. Com uma carreira na saúde pública, na docência e na clínica privada, a Dra. Kátia nos...
Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Political Visibility and Earnings Quality
Authors: Perera Luckmika , Jubb Christine
Published: January 2025

Using Australian data, this study examines whether there is a significant difference in earnings quality between companies required by the National Greenhouse Gas Energy Reporting (NGER) Act to provide carbon emission disclosures and those not affected by the Act. The Act was implemented across three years from 2009-2011 with decreasing thresholds of emission levels progressively covering more companies in these years The findings reveal that earnings quality (proxied by accruals-based earnings management) of companies affected by the Act is significantly higher than that of companies not affected by the Act. Additional tests reveal that companies reporting under the NGER Act exhibit higher earnings quality than was the case before the companies’ emissions met the reporting requirements. NGER-affected firms also tend to exhibit better earnings quality than a randomly matched sample of firms not affected by the Act. Furthermore, there is a positive relationship between earnings quality and emission levels within the sample of NGER-affected firms. The findings hold when alternative measures of earnings management are considered. The results are consistent with the theory that firms facing political visibility due to high greenhouse gas emissions opt for enhanced financial reporting quality to maintain organizational legitimacy.
Kontroverze historicko-antropologického výzkumu v subkultuře českých komínolezců
Authors: Vacek Přemysl
Published: January 2025

Komínolezectví ve své organizované formě reprezentované Svazem českých komínářů existuje na našem území již více než čtyřicet let. Počet jeho registrovaných vyznavačů k dnešním dnům přesáhnul tisícovku. Spolu vytvářejí jedinečnou subkulturu disponující originální symbolikou, žargonem, terminologií a specifickou praxí, která se pro řadu aktérů stala významnou formativní složkou jejich životního stylu. Působnost komínolezců se od původní studentské recese spočívající v „bezdůvodném“ lezení na průmyslové komíny rozšířila na cílené zviditelňování hodnoty industriálních památek a dokumentaci industriálních objektů sdílenou ve vlastní rozsáhlé elektronické databázi. Cílem této studie je zprostředkovat základní informace o vybraných aspektech unikátního českého fenoménu zájmového lezení na komíny. Soustředím se na rozporuplné momenty provázející činnost komínolezců, jako jsou parodizace oficiálních struktur, právní kontroverznost jejich počínání nebo specifické vnímání vlastní bezpečnosti. Věnuji se také dopadům těchto kontroverzí na výzkum a jeho metodologii. Organizované komínolezectví zasazuji do společensko-politického kontextu, ve kterém vznikalo a vyvíjelo se v čase.
Alena FLIMELOVÁ, Roman ŠTÉR, Ve stínu mužů. Ženy v československých vojenských jednotkách na východní frontě v letech 1942–1945, Praha 2021, Academia, 491 s., ISBN 978-80-200-3231-7
Authors: Wohlmuth Petr
Published: January 2025

Recenze
Biochemical, histological and molecular investigations of coriander genotypes against Fusarium wilt
Authors: Sowmya M , Giridhar K , Priya B T , Lakshmi T V , Kalpana M
Published: January 2025

The wilt of coriander is a serious problem and affects the plants in the initial stages causing poor growth and plants become stunted drooping of terminal shoots, followed by withering and drying of leaves. The present investigation was in vertisols under supplemental irrigated conditions. Fifty-four lines of coriander germplasm were screened for wilt under natural. The genotypes were categorized into highly resistant, resistant, moderately resistant, susceptible and highly susceptible groups based on the disease reaction. The native fungal isolate of Fusarium oxysporum spp. was isolated, identified at morphological and molecular level, deposited in the NCBI gene bank with ID number OR483968 and used for challenge inoculations. The two lines from each disease reaction categories were randomly selected and taken forward to assess the resistance reaction through challenge inoculation. Biochemical studies of genotypes under uninoculated and inoculated conditions revealed that the polyphenol oxidase activity, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, protein and phenol content were higher in highly resistant category, whereas the catalase and malondialdehyde content was higher in the susceptible category. Histological studies indicated that the stem and root are affected by pathogen significantly. The stem cross section of highly susceptible genotype exhibited discoluration and shredding of pith compared with highly resistant genotype. Study of root cross-section confirmed the pathogen's alleged capacity to enter the plant's root system and colonize it via its vascular system. Whereas, the stomatal characters viz., stomatal count, stomatal length and stomatal width exhibited less variation among various categories of coriander genotypes. The morphological and molecular variation (using ISSR markers) among coriander genotypes was also studied. The resistant genotypes like LCC- 169, LCC – 200, LCC- 150, LCC- 190 and LCC- 208 were distributed across different clusters indicated that the genetic background of resistance might be different and distinct.