bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive physical functional assessment of survivors of critical care unit stay due to COVID-19
Authors: Volpe Marcia Souza , Santos Ana Carolina Cardoso dos , Gaspar Sílvia , Melo Jade Lara de , Harada Gabriela , Ferreira Patrícia Rocha Alves , Silva Karina Ramiceli Soares da , Souza Natália Tiemi Simokomaki , Toufen Junior Carlos , Chiavegato Luciana Dias , Amato Marcelo Britto Passos , Feltrim Maria Ignez Zanetti , Carvalho Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To examine the physical function and respiratory muscle strength of patients - who recovered from critical COVID-19 – after intensive care unit discharge to the ward on Days one (D1) and seven (D7), and to investigate variables associated with functional impairment. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of adult patients with COVID-19 who needed invasive mechanical ventilation, non-invasive ventilation or high-flow nasal cannula and were discharged from the intensive care unit to the ward. Participants were submitted to Medical Research Council sum-score, handgrip strength, maximal inspiratory pressure, maximal expiratory pressure, and short physical performance battery tests. Participants were grouped into two groups according to their need for invasive ventilation: the Invasive Mechanical Ventilation Group (IMV Group) and the Non-Invasive Mechanical Ventilation Group (Non-IMV Group). Results: Patients in the IMV Group (n = 31) were younger and had higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores than those in the Non-IMV Group (n = 33). The short physical performance battery scores (range 0 - 12) on D1 and D7 were 6.1 ± 4.3 and 7.3 ± 3.8, respectively for the Non-Invasive Mechanical Ventilation Group, and 1.3 ± 2.5 and 2.6 ± 3.7, respectively for the IMV Group. The prevalence of intensive care unit-acquired weakness on D7 was 13% for the Non-IMV Group and 72% for the IMV Group. The maximal inspiratory pressure, maximal expiratory pressure, and handgrip strength increased on D7 in both groups, but the maximal expiratory pressure and handgrip strength were still weak. Only maximal inspiratory pressure was recovered (i.e., > 80% of the predicted value) in the Non-IMV Group. Female sex, and the need and duration of invasive mechanical were independently and negatively associated with the short physical performance battery score and handgrip strength. Conclusion: Patients who recovered from critical COVID-19 and who received invasive mechanical ventilation presented greater disability than those who were not invasively ventilated. However, they both showed marginal functional improvement during early recovery, regardless of the need for invasive mechanical ventilation. This might highlight the severity of disability caused by SARS-CoV-2.
Navigating the Juncture of Western Influence on the Culture and Society of Pakistan
Authors:   Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University  Lyari, Sadiq Lubna , Sajdi Faqeer Jan ,   Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University  Lyari, Shahid Akbar ,   Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University  Lyari
Published: April 2024

Background: Every nation is identified by its unique culture, norms, and values. Pakistan’s culture is a blend of Islamic principles. The Westernization has greatly influenced Pakistan’s culture in urban areas. Research Aim: To investigate and explore the impact of Western culture on Pakistan’s culture and its society. Methodology: This study will employ a mixed-method approach combining quantitative and qualitative data. The qualitative data was gathered from interviews with 10 respondents and the quantitative data was gathered from reviewing the previous literature for a diverse perspective. Results: It was found that Western culture has helped in navigating global challenges. The positive and negative influences showed that after globalization Western culture played a prominent role in framing and altering the culture of Pakistan. Conclusion: The Western culture prevalence with its positive and negative impact is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon. The integration of Westernization into the culture of Pakistan is driven by economic, technological, socio-cultural and historical factors.
Influence of Internet in Shaping the Emotional Maturity of Adolescents: A Review Study
Authors:   Institute of Early  Childhood Education and  Development, Zaidi Syeda Sana , Sultana Zehara ,   SZABIST
Published: April 2024

Background: Excessive Internet usage has become a global issue. Adolescents and young adults use the Internet in an excessive way which significantly affects their physical, mental, social, and emotional health. Emotional maturity in adolescents declines significantly due to exposure to limitless Internet access. Research Aim: The primary aim of this study is to review the influence of the Internet and its physical and mental effects on the emotional maturity of adolescents in the context of Pakistan. Methodology: The study comprises a qualitative research design for analyzing and reviewing the existing literature on the influence of the Internet and its physical and mental effects on the emotional maturity of adolescents in Pakistan’s context. Results: The outcomes of this study revealed that emotional maturity and the factors contributing to it are significantly affected by excessive Internet usage resulting in adolescents facing numerous mental, physical, and social challenges. Conclusion: The study concluded that excessive internet usage negatively influences the mental, physical, and social health of adolescents and also has a significantly negative impact on their emotional development and maturity.
Editorial
Authors: Pierson George R.
Published: April 2024

The editorial introduces a new journal and outlines its methods in multivariate experimental psychology, which are based on structured measurement, the recording of a planned and ordered set of observations, and the utilization of bivariate and multivariate approaches. The editorial policy embraces a variety of subject matters and approaches within the realm of personality theory and clinical psychology, provided they adhere to appropriate methodological standards.
Personality factor as predictors of general and differential performance in high school
Authors: Cooper Martin , Boss Marvin , Keith Virginia
Published: April 2024

School marks in English, History, Mathematics and Science were obtained for five hundred and eighty-two grade ten students. Personality was measured by the thirteen non-intellectual factors of Cattell's High School Personality Questionnaire. It was shown that Factors C, G, F, Q2 and Q3 were significant discriminators between the students who did well in all four subjects ad those who did poorly in them all. In addition, Factors A, E, H and I were found to be significant discriminators between students who performed better in the sciences than in the humanities.
Factor structure of the Figure-Drawing Test
Authors: Schori T.R. , Thomas Caroline Bedell
Published: April 2024

The Figure-Drawing Test was administered to 788 male Caucasian John Hopkins medical students. The tests were scored by slightly modified versions of the Jones and Thomas (1964, 1965) technique for scoring structural and graphic characteristics plus the sophistication-of-body-concept scale ratings of Witkin (Witkin et al, 1962; Thomas, 1966). From these data 10 independent factors which accounted for a substantial proportion of the variance associated with the 57 figure-drawing variables used were factor analytically identified. Six if these factors were related to descriptive characteristics of the drawings, e.g., sophistication and nudity. Two of the factors are related to graphic characteristics of the drawings, or techniques used in drawing the figures, such as the degree of line pressure. The final 2 factors are related to how the figures were positioned on the page.
Relation of Divergent-Production Abilities to Verbal and Non-Verbal IQS
Authors: Guilford J.P.
Published: April 2024

Semantic, divergent-production (DP) tests have been known to correlate higher with IQS, and to show greater incidence of triangular scatter plots (some very low DP scores with IQS but no very high DP scores with low IQS) than do visual-figural tests. The two kinds of DP tests were studied in relation to both verbal and nonverbal IQS from the Lorge-Thorndike scale, Level III, with children. Only slight tendencies were found for stronger relationships between tests and IQS with similar contests--semantic and visual-figural. This result was attributed in part to lack of clear-cut distinction made by the two IQS and the possible higher-order factors cutting across the four kinds of tests.
Role of onomasticon in English stylistics
Authors: Bashirova Gulbanu
Published: April 2024

In appearance of expressive and emotional lexicon onomasticon is of great importance, Under the influence a number of extra-linguistic factors numerous toponyms, etnonyms and other onomastic units in the English language have got emotional stylistic meanings thereby enriching English idiomatic lexicon. Onomastic metaphors are also significant linguistic units in training emotionally coloured English words. Stylistically coloured English onomasticon covers toponyms, anthroponyms and ethnonyms, with extra-linguistic factors have got various emotional and expressive meanings that have become a rich source of English stylistics.
Etymological features of English words
Authors: Jahangirova Gulbaniz
Published: April 2024

The article deals with etymological features of English words. Since English is one of the most important and widely used languages among the world's languages, the study of the etymology of words included in its vocabulary from many languages at different times has always been one of the most relevant topics. From this point of view, researching the etymology of the words included in the vocabulary of the language is set as a goal.
The Importance of Representative Likeness: Why we Should Represent Interactive Digital Narrative with Interaction
Authors: Koenitz Hartmut , Fisher Joshua A. , Sullivan Anne , Palosaari Eladhari Mirjam , Cook Michael
Published: April 2024

Scholarly work on Interactive Digital Narrative (IDN) has long been communicated using the non-interactive format of the academic paper. Yet, when we only tell or show, we do not interact, which means that we lose the most important aspect of IDN–the interactive experience. In this article, we consider the limitations of traditional scholarly representations when it comes to IDN and demonstrate a novel format which includes interactive artifacts within the article, a move we consider as a crucial step for advancing IDN scholarship.
Citizenship Education Learning Strategy Effective in Elementary Schools
Authors: Adinda Lestari
Published: April 2024

The aim of this study for know the learning strategies for Pancasila and Citizenship Education then secondly factors what that's the only thing that hinders it learning Pancasila and Citizenship Education. The research method this researcher uses method literature review that is compare and analyze from theory already There is previously as well as look for reference on base theory that fits the problem studied. Research result this research shows experience obstacle. The most basic obstacle in learning strategies PPKn the among others; Learning objectives, learning materials, students, facilities, time, teachers. This includes the teacher 's ability in still using IT-based learning media not yet maximum. For overcome obstacle to learning must keep going increase self competence, esp competence pedagogical and professional. special competence pedagogy that is really needed by ppkn teachers the related with mastery and understanding regarding models and methods learning and use of learning media.
Existence Adherents of the Parmalin Religion in the Indonesian Democratic State
Authors: Sabna Erika Tasya
Published: April 2024

Research purposes this is for existence adherents of the parmaline religion in the democratic country of Indonesia. This study is form of research study bibliography, method data analysis using method inductive and deductive. Analysis results this can concluded. The system beliefs of each tribe are greatly influenced by culture adherents of that religion. North Sumatra is one of them regions in Indonesia that uphold mark democracy established by Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. Palmarim is committed spiritual movement preserve and maintain custom customs ancient as well as religious values are threatened extinct. This spiritual movement spread to all over Batak land and become movement unifying politics surrounding Batak community 1883 , or 7444 years before his death Sisingamangarajah XII United against the Dutch. Diversity Indonesia 's ethnicities and religions are part from teak self nation so that must become source pride and wealth are not replaceable. Diversity and differences culture can become something beautiful thing if we each other respect, mutual respect, uphold tall values unity, life side by side with objective each other support and develop, as well reach shared prosperity as expression and recognition to meaning and essence right basic man based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution, existence adherent Palmarim who number vulnerable people to marginalization and persecution must removed.
Planting Attitude Responsibility and Concern Through Learning Civics in School Base
Authors: Ade Irma Rambe
Published: April 2024

Literacy culture and citizenship is ability individual and society for act on environment social as part from culture and country. increasing current technology information is very influential interest read student. Research purposes is for explore implementation literacy culture and citizenship in schools base. This study classified into the study qualitative with approach method research used is method naturalistic inquiry. Subjects involved in this study namely 1 head school, 4 teachers, 4 students, and 4 parents. Data collection was carried out use method observations and interviews, with instrument study form sheet interview. After the data is collected, then analyzed with approach qualitative. Research result this is school base has implement literacy culture and citizenship of 80% reviewed from class base aspect, aspect culture school, and community base form activity read 15 minutes every days , borrowing books in the library, planting values characters, there are facility literacy school as well as level involvement team facilitator . Deep advice this study is for all teachers, parents andstudents more emphasize culture read although constrained with busyness.
Learning Citizenship Education in the Implementation of Character Education in the Scope of Primary Schools
Authors: Zachwa Adinda Lestari
Published: April 2024

This research is research that uses case studies by further investigating the causes of certain social aspects. The author also interviewed teachers and students at elementary schools in Buntu Pane sub-district to collect data that will be developed or proven to solve the problems in the research. The aim of this research is to look at the character education of the younger generation after the implementation of character education in citizenship education and to be able to instill good character for the life of society in the future. The current situation of the young generation in Indonesia is very worrying. Various incidents involving the younger generation are increasing, showing that there is moral damage currently carried out, shows that the younger generation no longer has good character. By because that education character very required. Wrong one way to make it happen this matter for future generations is through education citizenship. Learning education citizenship expected can renew character participant educate which the more down and align it with the values of Pancasila.
The Role of Citizenship Education in Building Global Citizens
Authors: Shafira Andriani
Published: April 2024

This study aim for explore role education citizenship in form attitude tolerance students at school basic, with focus on integration values tolerance in curriculum, the role of teachers in the learning process, and influencing factors effectiveness learning citizenship for tolerance. Research methods used is approach combination between quantitative and qualitative, with participant form student class school basics who follow the learning program citizenship. Research result show significant improvement in attitude tolerance student after following the program, especially because integration values tolerance in curriculum, roles active teacher in inclusive learning, and the environment supportive school. In conclusion, it's important education citizenship in promote attitude tolerance among student school base very important, and factors like design relevant curriculum, positive teacher role, and environment supportive school hold role key in create environment conducive learning for growth attitude tolerance student. Although thus, a challenge like limitations source power and resistance to values tolerance need overcome through proactive and solution-oriented strategies for increase effectiveness learning citizenship for tolerance.
Dynamics of Citizenship in the Era of Globalization: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Zahwa Salsabila Ginting
Published: April 2024

In the era of globalization like now this all something experience dynamics and development towards digital, incl citizenship in Indonesia. Globalization be marked with exists dependency and openness between one country to another . Anxiety digital citizenship in the industrial era 4.0 is proof that rate globalization accelerated by digital technology and making all over the world increasingly connected . Utilization development of the digital world in context citizenship is one of way that can be done as effort answer identical developments over time with progress technology information . Study This aim For know challenges and opportunities for the country in the Industrial Era 4.0 and knowing developments over time with increasingly technology progress and develop. Method used in study This is study literature (library research ). This study using secondary data form journal scientific, results study as well as books and other relevant sources. Data analysis techniques used covers three stages that is organizing, synthesizing, and identifying. Research result this show that openness information and global connectivity creates challenge new, esp related with digital citizenship and participation political via online platforms. Challenge the involve complexity in respond fast change technology, protection privacy in digital space, and adaptation identity national in face current globalization is not limited. However, in the middle dynamics this is also available opportunity significant for utilise technology as means For increase participation citizen for protect privacy , and building identity strong national.
The Role of Teachers in Getting Used to Singing National Ants as an Effort to Form Students' Nationalism
Authors: Imam Siddiq
Published: April 2024

This research aims to find out the extent of the role of teachers in getting used to singing national songs as an effort to form students' nationalism, secondly the role of national songs in forming students' spirit of nationalism, then thirdly the obstacles to teachers getting used to singing national songs in forming students' love of their homeland. The research method used in this article is a systematic, explicit and reproducible method for identifying, evaluating and synthesizing research works and ideas that have been produced by researchers and practitioners. The research results show that the teacher's job is to set an example, create a conducive educational environment, guide teaching and training of students and foster a spirit of nationalism. The aim is, in order to foster a spirit of nationalism, teachers must have a high spirit of nationalism and patriotism, have a national perspective and recognize symbols. state symbol. When the researcher made observations, the teacher's task in cultivating the spirit of nationalism was conveyed well as seen from the teacher always linking PPKn material with the spirit of nationalism, but there were still many students who did not memorize the national song, making teachers have to be more creative in getting used to singing the national song so that there were no Moreover, students do not know the national song by heart, so students have an interest in the national song.
Faded Aattitude Nationalism Generation Millennialsto Education Pancasila and Citizenship
Authors: Selly Aprillia Ningsih
Published: April 2024

This study aim for know reason it faded attitudenationalism of the millennial generation while knowing how to ways that can arouse their nationalist attitudes through Education Pancasila and citizenship as well as roles family,education, and the government in awakening the spirit of nationalism. The method used in this research is literature study by referring to sources such as journal articles, books and articles from the Internet. The results of this study indicate that the cause of the fading the nationalist attitude of the millennial generation is caused by 2 factors: factors internal and factor external. Factor internal covers there is flavor disappointed from in self a millennial, for example flavor disappointed to performancegovernment. External factors include the development of globalization which cause lots change. Method grow attitude Millennial generation nationalism can be done by getting used to it using domestic products, providing insight into the importance of having a spirit of nationalism, as well as equipping them with give material about attitude nationalism and defend country through education pancasila and citizenship.
Developing the Professionalism of Pancasila and Citizenship Education Teachers Through Reflective Action
Authors: Shofiah Fajrina
Published: April 2024

This article examines the professional development of Pancasila and Citizenship Education teachers through reflective action. Where Pancasila and Citizenship Education teachers play a crucial role in the process of forming national character and identity through effective and professional teaching. The aim of this research is to understand the benefits of reflective action in improving teacher competence and the factors that influence its effectiveness. The research method used is the literature review method to analyze previous research and identify relevant findings. The research results show that reflective actions help teachers develop teaching skills, understanding of material, and effective learning strategies. Factors such as teacher motivation, institutional support, quality of teaching experience, analytical skills, and organizational culture influence the effectiveness of reflective action. To face challenges in teaching, reflective training, collaboration between teachers, and government support are needed to create a conducive educational environment. The conclusion is that reflective action is an important aspect in improving the quality of Pancasila and citizenship education in Indonesia.
Citizenship Education in Elementary Schools (Foundations for Personality Development of Future Citizens)
Authors: Rahmadani Gultom
Published: April 2024

This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of citizenship education (PKN) in elementary schools in instilling basic civic values, developing social skills and empathy in students. This research was conducted through a literature study method, where data and information were collected systematically from various written sources. scientific which includes academic journals, textbooks, conference articles, and relevant government documents. This research reveals that the use of interactive teaching methods by teachers has succeeded in increasing students' understanding of their rights and obligations as citizens, as well as increasing their social skills and empathy. However, the research results also show that there are several significant challenges, such as limited resources and inconsistencies in the understanding and application of PKN material by teachers. This variability results in differences in the quality of citizenship education received by students in different schools. This study recommends the development of more comprehensive teacher training strategies and the provision of adequate resources to support effective PKN teaching. It is hoped that greater investment in Civics education will strengthen the consistency and quality of the program, ensuring that all students gain similar and in-depth civics skills and knowledge.
Improving the Quality of PKn Learning in Primary Schools Through a Role-Playing Teaching Model
Authors: Suci Mutia Rahayu
Published: April 2024

Citizenship Education (PKn) in Indonesia has a noble goal of forming strong civic character and awareness, in line with the values of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. However, the implementation of Civics learning in elementary schools often still faces challenges in achieving this goal. This article discusses one learning model that can be used in the context of forming attitudes and values, namely the role playing method. Through a literature review, this article outlines the concept, objectives and steps for implementing the role-playing method in Civics learning. Through a literature review, this article outlines the concept, objectives and steps for implementing the role-playing method in Civics learning. Definition and objectives of educational citizenship and the phases of development of children's thinking from birth to elementary school age are also described. It is believed that the role playing method can foster students' creativity, passion for learning and social skills, as well as help them face real situations more prepared. Supporting and inhibiting factors in implementing this method are also discussed as part of efforts to increase learning effectiveness.
Cultural Implications of Citizenship for Creating a Democratic Young Generation
Authors: Azahra Sani Adinda Salwa
Published: April 2024

Citizenship culture is a culture that is the foundation of citizenship whose contents are about a set of ideas that can be realized effectively for cultural reception whose purpose is to form citizen identities here. Citizenship culture is very important for developing civics education. This is due to forming citizen identities, especially in the millennial generation where the identity in question is their identity as Indonesian citizens. Through Civics learning which already contains elements of civic culture, of course, the millennial generation will be able to think critically, rationally and creatively to examine various citizenship issues and actively contribute to various community and state activities. The real form resulting from the reactualization of civic culture is the establishment of learning in the form of anti-corruption education. Besides that, it is hoped that the characters of the younger generation will grow and develop positively and democratically in order to be able to compete with other nations without forgetting national identity with elements of technological development in it.
The Impact of Gadget Nomophobia on Social Life of Adolescents in Medan City
Authors: Simatupang Ray Dinho , Ivanna Julia
Published: April 2024

This research was conducted in sub-districts that are suitable for nomophobia settlements in Medan City. The purpose of this study was to find out the social life of nomophobic teenagers in the social environment and to find out the positive and negative impacts of gadgets on teenagers. Subjects in this study amounted to 3 informants. Writing using descriptive qualitative method and analyzing data qualitatively and using the technique of taking the subject with the Snowball Sampling method. Data instruments in the form of in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. From the results of the research conducted, the researchers found that addicts who are addicted to gadgets or nomophobia have a social life that leads to negative impacts and decreased levels of achievement due to not being able to divide time between playing gadgets and being responsible. students and children in the household. The essence of this research is that there are more negative impacts on teenagers who are addicted to gadgets than the positive impacts caused by adolescent nomophobia.
Use of Picture and Picture Models to Improve Student Learning Outcomes in Class III Natural Resources Theme of SD Negeri Langung
Authors: Salma Siti , Kistian Agus , Hadiid Thariiq Shah Mohd
Published: April 2024

The problem in this study is how to use picture and picture models to improve student learning outcomes on the theme of natural resources for class III SD Negeri Langung. It is carried out in two cycles, each cycle consisting of design, implementation, observation and reflection. Subjects in this study were 31 students. The results of teacher and student observations, as well as student tests were analyzed using the percentage formula. The research results obtained were (1) observing the activities of teachers and students in cycle 1 obtained an average score of 2.28 in a fairly good category. while the average test result was 69.67% with an average national achievement of 16 students or 55% and those who did not complete were 15 students or 45%. (2) Observation of teacher activity gets a score of 3, 85 in the very good category and observation of student activity in cycle II got an average score of 3.57 in the very good category. Meanwhile, the average test result was 85.8% with an average completion of 27 students or 90.68% and 4 students who did not complete or 9.32%. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that by applying the Picture and Picture model it can improve student learning outcomes to become more active and the teacher's ability to improve better.
The Influence of The Role Playing Method in PKn Subjects on Students' Learning Interest in Class III SD Muhammadiyah 19.
Authors: Vanessa Dea
Published: April 2024

This research was motivated by the lack of student interest in learning Civics in class III at SD Muhammadiyah 19, because the methods used by the teacher were less interesting. The formulation of the problem in this research is, How is the influence of students' interest in learning before using the Role Playing method in Civics learning. How is the influence of students' interest in learning after using the Role Playing method in Civics subjects. How is the influence of students' interest in learning in Civics learning using the Role method? Playing. The type of research used is experimentation. The subjects of this research were 26 class III students. Data collection techniques use research instruments in the form of observation sheets.Student learning in class III obtained an average Pretest score of 47.50 and after being given treatment and being given a Post-test it increased to 88.50. This shows that the use of the Role Playing method has an influence on student learning outcomes in class III.Thus, the Role Playing method can be used as a learning method that can increase students' interest in learning.
Problematic of Low Class Students' Low Interest in Reading
Authors: Fahira Sinaga  , Nabila Ananda
Published: April 2024

This research aims to describe a literature review regarding the problem of low interest in reading among lower grade students . This research is a literature review. Data collection techniques were taken from various published articles and journals, both accredited and non-accredited. From the articles and journals that became references, there were 10 articles and journals that matched the title of the research. digital literacy needs to be considered in increasing interest read elementary school students. In the second journal, based on results study is known that in an effort to increase elementary school students' interest in reading, students should be given support so that the interest in reading emerges from themselves and introduced to reading materials so that students get used to reading, therefore the reading habits of students when they are in elementary school will foster a stronger interest in reading. high until the students grow up The articles used as reference material were published in 2014-2023. the Problem of Low Interest in Reading in Lower Class Students. Published articles and journals, both accredited and non-accredited, from the articles and journals that are references, there are 10 articles and journals that match the title of the research.Based on results study is known that low interest read because many factors and problems that occur with students class low.
Model Implementation Problem Based Learning (PBL) in Social Sciences (IPS) Subjects to Improve Dan's Interests Student Learning Outcomes
Authors: Nikmah
Published: April 2024

Teachers play a central role in shaping the quality of education, and factors such as competence, well-being and work climate are interrelated, forming the basis for the success of the education system. Teacher competency, including pedagogical, personal, social and professional aspects, is identified as the main pillar in creating a conducive work climate. Teacher share public cloud during This understood as person Which his job teach. Shift understanding Teacher from person Which his job teach become professional educators, but for some people it may not be that big of a problem. Teacher own influence Which outside normal for direction development education in Indonesia shift understanding to Teacher from teach become educator Already become legal decisions in Indonesia that have been ratified both regulations regarding Teachers and Lecturers. The law describes teachers as professional educators rather than as people whose job is to teach with the skills of professional staff. Students will be encouraged to learn when they have the motivation to learn. 1) Strong will to do, 2) Amount time Which provided For Study, 3) Willingness leave obligation or task Which other, 4) Perseverance in do task. Grow motivation Study student is Wrong One technique in develop ability And will Study. Wrong One method Which logical For motivation student in learning is hook experience Study with student motivation. Teachers as people who teach students are very interested inthis problem. So as teachers or prospective teachers, we must always try as much as possible to increase learning motivation, especially for students who experience difficulties in learning by using various efforts that can be carried out by the teacher, namely 1) Clarify objective Which want to achieved. 2) Awaken motivation student. 3) Create a pleasant atmosphere for learning. 4) Using a variety of presentation methods interesting. 5) Give reasonable praise for each student's success. 6) Give an assessment. 7) Give comment to results work student. 8) Create competition And cooperation
Increasing Students' Interest in Learning in Economics Subjects Through the Problem Based Learning (PBL) Method in Class XI of SMAN 2 Pasir Limau Kapas 2023 - 2024
Authors: Bahtiar  , Harahap Fitriani
Published: April 2024

This research aims to describe the increase in students' interest in learning economics subjects through the Problem Based Learning (PBL) method in class XI of SMAN 2 PASIR LIMAU KAPAS . This research was carried out in 2 cycles. In Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 this research was carried out on 8 December 202 3 - 25 January 202 4 , at SMAN 2 PASIR LIMAU KAPAS with the research subjects being class XI students in Economics for the academic year 202 3 - 202 4 totaling 36 people. In the first cycle, the percentage of students' learning completeness from Pre-cycle was 54.75, in the first cycle it increased to 79.25 and in the second cycle it became 88.25. The number of students who completed their studies also increased from pre-cycle, there were only 3 students, in cycle I there were already 25 students and in cycle II it increased again to 36 students, although not all students had completed their studies. Mastery of the material can be said to have increased because in the first to third lessons there was an increase from the first cycle of only 7.5 % , in the second cycle it increased to 62.5%. After students were given additional work by doing exercises and teacher guidance in cycle II, it increased to 62. % and after the second lesson, students were given additional assignments at home. Students who were able to master the learning material increased to 87.5%. Based on the increase in the percentage calculation, it can be concluded that learning using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) method can increase students' interest in Economics subjects in APBN and APBD material. This is proven by the increase in each cycle.
Improving Student Learning Outcomes Through Model Problem Based Learning on Economics Subjects Class X in SMAN 2 Pasir Limau Kapas Year 2023/2024
Authors: Eva Nizar  , Harahap Fitriani
Published: April 2024

Research is to increase the interest and learning outcomes of class This research is classroom action research (PTK) which was carried out in 2 cycles and each cycle consisted of 1 meeting. This research was conducted in class X SMAN 2 Cotton Lime Sand . Data collection techniques use test techniques. Test techniques are used to measure student learning outcomes, while participating in learning using the PBL model. The results of this research show an increase in the completeness of learning outcomes, interest in learning from previous conditions using PBL up to cycle II. The increase in learning outcomes obtained has reached the specified success indicators, namely learning outcomes in cycle II increased to 100 % from pre-cycle , namely 34 %, after using the PBL model in cycle 1 increased to 74 % in cycle II student learning outcomes increased to 100 %. This increase shows the success of implementing the PBL learning model, thus it can be concluded that student economic learning outcomes have increased increase through the PBL learning model has been successfully carried out.
Introducing The World of Language and Literature and Increasing Students' Interest in Reading in Lower Grades
Authors: Melinda Syahputri  , Hardiyanti Sella , Lubis Renni Ramadhani
Published: April 2024

This research aims to find alternative ways to introduce the world of language and literature and increase students' reading interest in lower grades. Language and literature learning have an interrelated relationship. Literature without language cannot exist. The special characteristic of literature lies in the use of aesthetic language. Text-based Indonesian language learning contains two interests, namely language and literature. At the practical level, various stages of building a context, forming a model, building a text together and building a text independently emerge. Overall, these stages are integrated into learning practices, thereby providing students with the opportunity to optimize their potential both as a group and individually. Efforts to increase efforts to introduce the world of language and literature and increase students' interest in reading in lower grades are a shared responsibility, between the students themselves, teachers and parents. However, the low interest in reading among students in elementary schools is one of the obstacles, the lack of desire and willingness of the students themselves, teachers also do not require students to read books during the lessons taught to students. In an effort to introduce the world of language and literature and increase students' interest in reading in lower grades, students should be given support so that interest in reading emerges from themselves and introduced to reading materials so that students get used to reading, hence the reading habits of students when they are in elementary school. will foster a high interest in reading until students grow up. This research was carried out by formulating a research problem, looking for references from relevant and similar journals to analyze the data, journals were collected by searching the internet via Google Chendikia and/or Google Scholar. The data obtained was analyzed and compared. This research method used a descriptive research type with a quantitative approach. From the results of the analysis, it can introduce the world of language and literature and increase students' reading interest in lower grades.
Efforts to Improve Critical Thinking Skills Through a Whole Language Approach in Elementary Schools
Authors: Sri Wulandari  , Evita Elyanti
Published: April 2024

This research was conducted with the aim of describing: (1) learning in material conveying fairy tale content developed using a whole language approach for elementary school (SD) students (2) changes in elementary school students' attitudes after receiving material conveying fairy tale content using a whole language approach, and (3) elementary school students' learning achievement after receiving material to convey the contents of fairy tales using a whole language approach. This research includes case study research. The subjects of this research were second grade elementary school students. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and tests. Test the validity of the data in this research by triangulating data sources, triangulating methods, and informant reviews. The results of the research show (1) the application of the whole language approach in conveying fairy tale content is carried out through the enjoyment stage, appreciation stage, and understanding stage, (2) the attitude changes that occur include (a) increasing critical thinking skills, (b) understanding the correlation between images in words, c) activeness when watching videos and discussing, (d) embedding cooperation and respect between students, and (e) increasing speaking skills, (3) all students experienced an increase in learning achievement with a score of 77-95 through three domains, namely cognitive domain, affective domain, and psychomotor domain.
Development of a Module Based on the Sas Method to Improve Reading and Writing Skills in Class II SDN 054905 Paya Redas
Authors: Wati Lina , Fadillah Nurul , Wulandari Rika
Published: April 2024

This research method uses the research and development method. This research aims to develop student learning modules that are suitable for student learning in lower grades, and improve the quality of teacher teaching in learning. The research was carried out at SDN 054905 Paya Redas with research subject II. The results of the research that has been carried out show that there are several students who have difficulty reading, there are still students who cannot distinguish letters and have not memorized the letters of the alphabet. One method that can motivate students to improve their learning is by using the SAS ( Synthetic Structural Analytical ) Method. Data collection techniques use documentation and questionnaires, while data analysis techniques use percentages . The result of the development stage is to produce a reading module product. Thus, it can be concluded that the development of reading skills modules is based on Synthetic Structural Analytical (SAS) is included in the very valid or very feasible category. Thus, it can be concluded that the feasibility of the beginning reading and writing module based on Synthetic Analytical Structural (SAS) in class II elementary school learning is included in the very feasible category.
Importance of Educational Psychology for Education and its Contribution to Education
Authors: Hadi Samsul , Alfia Nursyamsi Nina , Adelia Amanda Putri
Published: April 2024

This article intends to explain and provide information to readers about the importance of educational psychology for educators and its contribution to education. Educational psychology is a field of psychology that studies the phenomena of psychological dynamics and individual behavior in the educational process (Strickland, 2001). Currently, there are many students who experience problems but can only remain silent without telling other people, as a result they cannot focus on seeking knowledge and have inappropriate behavior. From this statement, teachers must be able to understand how important educational psychology is in the educational environment. Because the role of teachers is apart from guiding and providing knowledge, they must also understand each student's inner self, so that they can understand the problems experienced by their students and teachers must be able to provide solutions and direct them in a better direction. If every teacher could understand the behavior of their students, perhaps this would rarely happen and children would feel better and not feel stressed because they could talk about their problems, especially to a teacher. With problems like this, we tried to conduct research using the library research method so that we could find out how important educational psychology is for an educator and its contribution to education.
Legal Responsibility for Medical Risks and Medical Negligence in The View of Health Law
Authors: Sidi Redyanto
Published: April 2024

This research examines legal aspects related to medical risk and negligence in the context of health law in Indonesia, especially after the ratification of Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health. Normative research methods are used, with a focus on examining legal principles, statutory regulations, relevant cases, and conceptual approaches in legal science related to medical negligence. The research results highlight that in criminal law, liability for medical acts deemed negligent depends on clear evidence of fault, in accordance with the principle "No punishment if there is no fault". This law specifically regulates criminal sanctions for health workers who are proven to have committed negligence that causes serious injury or death to patients, as regulated in Article 440. Medical risk is an inherent part of the practice of medicine, but medical negligence is defined as a deviation from the expected standard of care. This research also highlights the obligations of hospitals in providing safe and effective services in accordance with established standards, and their accountability for negligence that occurs, as regulated in Articles 189 and 193. Law Number 17 of 2023 also introduces a risk management system to prevent medical negligence, as well as the formation of a special assembly by the Minister of Health to resolve medical disputes, including allegations of negligence. This research underlines the importance of a comprehensive understanding of health law in medical practice and handling of medical negligence cases in Indonesia.
Low-cost Green Synthesis of Silica Engineering Nanomaterials from Rice Husk (Agriculture waste) and its Physical and Luminescent Properties Measurements
Authors: Kumari Akansha , Singh Rakesh Kr , Aman Abhay Kr , Kumar Nishant , Singh Ajitendra Kr ,   Aryabhatta Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Aryabhatta Knowledge University, Patna , India
Published: April 2024

The electrical, electronics,and drug industries are heavily reliant on the use of Silica materials for several applications. Green source of production of silica materials is very important to meet the growing demandfor industrial purposes. The present work discusses the recent nanosilica production using low-costmethods, from rice husk-agricultural waste, andtheir structural, microstructural, and optical properties measurement for its applications.The crystallite size of silica particleswas measured using XRD is 26 nm and 55 nm, which are prepared from rice husk synthesized by both coprecipitation and leaching processes, respectively.. The SEM images of both the samples showed structural order of the pores within the mesoporous structure. The leached sample showed a purity of around 80%. The infrared spectral data also supports the presence of hydrogen-bonded silanol groups and the siloxane groups in the silica. These nanosilica particles showed Photoluminescence in UV, Visible, and NIR regions. The nanoscale silica formation is also confirmed by TEM and DLS measurements. Zeta Potential studies found -22.12 mV reveals the stability of prepared nano silica for a longer duration.