bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Designing buildings to deliver city densification over transport infrastructure
Authors: Price Bill N. , Smilow Jeffrey
Published: March 2021

New York City constitutes one of the most extreme cases of urban concentration due to land scarcity. The development of skyscrapers has been one of the solutions to address the problem and, more often than not, new structures are being built directly over the extensive network of underground infrastructure in the city.

The presentation showcases the experience and lessons learned from a selection of projects in the US and UK located directly on top of existing infrastructure. Examples include NYC transit projects spanning from the 1990s, when nine buildings along Riverside Boulevard and on top of the former Penn Central rail yards were developed, to the ongoing Atlantic Yards/Pacific Park project where up to six buildings will be erected on top a 320,000sqft platform over train tracks. Amongst other projects, the presentation will include the Hudson Yards development on the east side of Midtown Manhattan located over the subway entrance to the 34th Street station and the Waterline project built over the AmTrak and LIRR train tracks. In the UK case studies include two recent London projects at Royal Mint Gardens and Principal Place. The general focus is aimed at the structural strategies employed and their impact not only in construction costs but also the long-term effect in the urban fabric.
Urban Infrastructure: Design and Preservation - Brooklyn Bridge Rehabilitation Program
Authors: Collyer Robert , Ahmed Hasan , Navalurkar Raj , Harrison Dawn
Published: March 2021

The Brooklyn Bridge is a National Historic Landmark and a New York City Landmark that has been in use for over 137 years. This is one of the most pictured bridge structures in the world, while being used as a critical and vital part of the infrastructure carrying over 105,000 vehicles per day. This paper addresses the engineering challenges/solutions related to the most current rehabilitation work being performed.

Contract 6 (2009 to 2017) represents a $650 million investment into the bridge to maintain it in a State of Good Repair. Work included deck replacement using accelerated bridge construction techniques and complete painting and steel repairs of the main span. A high-level traffic study and traffic simulations were developed to evaluate differing closure scenarios and their impacts on user costs and the traveling public.

Contract 6A (2017 to 2019) represents a $25 million investment in maintaining the historic and aesthetic integrity of the Brooklyn Bridge structures. Approximately, 30,000 SF of granite stone cladding will be replaced under this contract.

Contract 7 represents a $300 million investment that will address the rehabilitation of the historic arches on both sides of the main span and strengthening of the Towers. Construction is expected to begin in 2019.

Contract 8 represents a $250 million investment. It is in the planning phase and will address a new promenade enhancement (widening) over the Brooklyn Bridge.

This paper discusses how these engineering challenges were faced and resolved.
Economic evaluation of whole genome sequencing for pathogen identification and surveillance – results of case studies in Europe and the Americas 2016 to 2019
Authors: Alleweldt Frank , Kara Şenda , Best Kris , Aarestrup Frank M , Beer Martin , Bestebroer Theo M , Campos Josefina , Casadei Gabriele , Chinen Isabel , Van Domselaar Gary , Dominguez Catherine , Everett Helen E , Fouchier Ron AM , Grant Kathie , Green Jonathan , Höper Dirk , Johnston Jonathan , Koopmans Marion PG , Oude Munnink Bas B , Myers Robert , Nadon Celine , Patel Ami , Pohlmann Anne , Pongolini Stefano , Reimer Aleisha , Thiessen Shane , Wylezich Claudia
Published: March 2021

Background

Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is increasingly used for pathogen identification and surveillance.

Aim

We evaluated costs and benefits of routine WGS through case studies at eight reference laboratories in Europe and the Americas which conduct pathogen surveillance for avian influenza (two laboratories), human influenza (one laboratory) and food-borne pathogens (five laboratories).

Methods

The evaluation focused on the institutional perspective, i.e. the ‘investment case’ for implementing WGS compared with conventional methods, based on costs and benefits during a defined reference period, mostly covering at least part of 2017. A break-even analysis estimated the number of cases of illness (for the example of Salmonella surveillance) that would need to be avoided through WGS in order to ‘break even’ on costs.

Results

On a per-sample basis, WGS was between 1.2 and 4.3 times more expensive than routine conventional methods. However, WGS brought major benefits for pathogen identification and surveillance, substantially changing laboratory workflows, analytical processes and outbreaks detection and control. Between 0.2% and 1.1% (on average 0.7%) of reported salmonellosis cases would need to be prevented to break even with respect to the additional costs of WGS.

Conclusions

Even at cost levels documented here, WGS provides a level of additional information that more than balances the additional costs if used effectively. The substantial cost differences for WGS between reference laboratories were due to economies of scale, degree of automation, sequencing technology used and institutional discounts for equipment and consumables, as well as the extent to which sequencers are used at full capacity.
WILLIAM BLAKE- AN ENLIGHTENED VISIONARY
Authors: Mathur Manisha
Published: March 2021

William Blake an English painter poet and printmaker is considered as a seminal figure in the history of poetry and visual arts of the Romantic age. In the realm of imaginative painting Blake stands quite alone, and to find any real parallel to this extraordinary man of genius one must go back to the illuminators and sculptors of the twelfth century. Born out of time, with no tradition of imaginative painting to guide him, the intense flame if his genius burns fitfully blazing with an unbearable brilliance. Blake, for his idiosyncratic views is held in high regard by critics for his expressiveness and creativity, and for the philosophical and mystical undercurrents within his work. His paintings and poetry have been characterized as part of the Romantic movement are Pre-Romantic for its large appearance in the 18th C. Reverent of the bible but hostile to the Church of England, Blake was influenced by the ideals and ambitions of the French and American Revolutions.
IMPLICATION OF FLOWER COLORS TO HUMAN BEINGS AND INSECTS
Authors: Iyengar Shamanta
Published: March 2021

Flowers owe their beauty to their infinite range of shapes and colours and are symbolized with spiritualism and expression, conveyance of sentiments of human beings. On the other hand plants employ flowers to form association with animals to ensure pollination across multi –generation. To achieve this they provide clues and positive enforcements. The diversification in flower colours and other attributes has matched in nature with co-evolution of abundant species of insects. This paper deals with the perception of flower colours by insects and also their denotions to human beings.
COLOURFUL DIET FOR GOOD HEALTH
Authors: Gupta Vandana
Published: March 2021

We are surrounded by colour and they can affect us profoundly and in ways that we may not have thought of. It is a known fact, that colours can influence your moods, feelings and emotions. Colours influence your actions and how you respond to people, situations and ideas. Apart from the colour of interiors, exteriors, our clothing and other things, the colour of food and beverage products are also extremely important. Green fruits and vegetables support eye health and may help protect against certain types of cancer. Orange and yellows fruits and vegetables are high in Vitamins C and B/foliate which may reduce risk of birth defects. Red fruits and vegetables protect the cells from free radical damage and healthy for the heart. Blue and purple fruits and vegetables may help reduce the risk of cancer, stroke, heart disease, memory decline and aging-related diseases. White fruits and vegetables may lower cholesterol and blood pressure as well as reduce risks of stomach cancer and heart disease. Therefore to keep ourselves in good health we should get a range of fruits and vegetables in varying hues over the course of a week.
EFFECT OF COLOUR
Authors: Tonk Lucky
Published: March 2021

Colours can stimulate and excite people, increase their appetite, make them feel warm or make them feel tranquil. Red simply makes you excited according to those who study chromo dynamics. Coke’s website is red – it gives you a feel of a lazy, hot summer day – just when you feel the need to drink Coke.There’s more to colours in web design than just the emotional factor. People tend to gamble more under red light conditions than under blue light. Colours have impact on performance. Red lights make people act quicker and feel more powerful, which is not always beneficial, while blue makes people think more before acting. There is a reason STOP signs are red – you need to act right away and stop the vehicle you drive, otherwise you are in danger.
"USE OF COLORS IN GRAPHICS ARTS IN INDIA"
Authors: Gautam Reena
Published: March 2021

A large number of printings were produced in India and many artists including William and Daniel explored the possibilities of art in India and both artists produced original amalgamated color prints called 'Twelve Views of Calcutta' between 1786-88 The paintings were printed in one color and colored with colored ink. ; 9 After this activity of printing, colorful printings were produced in many places in the country, in which Calcutta was the center. In this way, the production of colorful advertising prints also started.

भारत में अत्यधिक मात्रा में छापाचित्रों का निर्माण किया गया और अनेकों कलाकारों जिनमें विलियम और डेनियल ने छापा कला की भारत में संभावनाओं को टटोला और दोनों कलाकारों ने 1786-88 के मध्य ‘ कलकत्ता के बारह दृश्य’ नामक मूल अम्लांकन रंगीन छापाचित्रों का निर्माण किया जिनमें चित्रों को एक रंग में छापा गया और उनको रंगीन स्याही से रंगदार बनाया गया। ;9द्ध छापाकला की इस गतिविधि के बाद देश में अनेकों जगह रंगीन छापाचित्रों का निर्माण किया जाने लगा जिनमें कलकत्ता केंद्र था । इस प्रकार रंगीन विज्ञापन छापाचित्रों का भी निर्माण भी शुरू हो गया ।
PHILOSOPHICAL ROLE OF RANGO IN JAINISM
Authors: Jain Jaya
Published: March 2021

Rango has its own unique world. 'Rang' gives meaning to words, objects and reflects them. Only through colors, the properties and expressions of words, words can be easily understood. The color itself holds many meanings. In the absence of colors, the painting ceases to exist. Color is an important means of expressing emotions. It is necessary to take special care of stone characters in sculpture as well. The religious area also could not remain untouched by the symbolism of colors. Philosophical sentiments are also expressed in Jainism through the symbolism of Rango. Color is a unique pool of many emotions. Five colors have predominated in Jainism. White, red, yellow, blue or green, black. These three main colors are also red, blue and yellow. Different colors are formed by different proportional mixtures of these. These colors also have a prominent place in the fields of happiness, prosperity and medicine.In the picture book of Vishnu Dharmottara Purana, there are five main colors of white, red, yellow, blue and black. The importance of these five colors is in the character of Panchaparmeshthi varna, Tirthankar varna, hetleshya and flag. These five colors have contributed significantly to our internal and external development.

रंगो का अपना अनूठा संसार अपनी भाषा होती है। ‘रंग’ शब्दों, वस्तुओ को अर्थ प्रदान कर उन्हे प्रतिबिम्बित करते है। रंगो के द्वारा ही वस्तु, शब्दों के गुण व भावों को आसानी से समझा जा सकता है। रंग अपने आप में अनेक अर्थो को समाये रहता है। रंगों के अभाव में चित्रकला का अस्तित्व ही समाप्त हो जाता है। भावों को व्यक्त करने का रंग महत्वपूर्ण साधन है। मूर्तिकला में भी प्रस्तर वर्ण का विशेष ध्यान रखना आवश्यक है।धार्मिक क्षेत्र भी रंगो की प्रतीकात्मकता से अछूता न रह सका। जैन धर्म में दार्शनिक भावनाओं को रंगो की प्रतीकात्मकता द्वारा भी व्यक्त किया है। रंग अनेक भावनाओं का अनूठा पुंज है। जैन धर्म में पांच रंगों की ही प्रधानता रही है। श्वेत, लाल, पीला, नीला या हरा, काला। लाल, नीला और पीला ये तीन प्रधान रंग भी है। इन्हीं के भिन्न-भिन्न अनुपातिक मिश्रण से अन्य रंग बनते है। इन रंगो का सुख, समृद्धि और चिकित्सा के क्षेत्र में भी प्रमुख स्थान है।‘विष्णु धर्मोत्तर पुराण के चित्र सूत्र में भी श्वेत, लाल, पीला, नीला व काला पाँच प्रकार के प्रमुख रंग बतायें है। पंचपरमेष्ठी वर्ण, तीर्थकर वर्ण, षट्लेश्या व ध्वज के वर्ण में इन्ही पाँच रंगो की महत्वता है। इन पांचो रंगो का हमारे आन्तरिक एवं बाह्य विकास में महत्वपूर्ण योगदान है।
"RANGA IN LITERATURE"
Authors: Joshi Shobhana
Published: March 2021

The whole of nature and human society; The sensitive creator, living between them, connects their relationship with them, taking experience. A world of its own emotions and thoughts, of dreams and fantasies, of hopes and aspirations is created, which is internal. With his keen desire for expression, he chooses some medium for communication. This medium can be painting, music, sculpture, literature, anything. But the medium of every art is different and in every medium there is autonomy of expression. The color-line shape in the picture, the melody-rhythm in music, the word-symbol in poetry, the myth, the sign, the shape-formation is predominant in sculpture. But in spite of all this, the artist, the creator, while being in his own medium by default and trespassing, also passes through the galleries of any other genre and enriches his art.

सम्पूर्ण प्रकृति और मनुष्य समाज; संवेदनशील रचनाकार इन दोनों के बीच रहते हुए, इनसे अपने रिश्ते जोड़ता है, अनुभव लेता है। उसका अपना भावों और विचारांे का, सपनों और कल्पनाओं का, आशा और आकांक्षाओं का, एक संसार निर्मित होता है, जो आंतरिक होता है। इसकी अभिव्यक्ति की प्रखर अभिलाषा के साथ वह कोई माध्यम सम्प्रेषण के लिये चुनता है। यह माध्यम चित्रकला, संगीतकला, मूर्तिकला, साहित्य कुछ भी हो सकता है। पर हर कला का माध्यम भिन्न होता है और हर माध्यम में अभिव्यक्ति की स्वायŸाता होती है। चित्र में रंग-रेखा आकार, संगीत में स्वर-ताल-लय, काव्य में शब्द-प्रतीक, मिथक, संकेत तो मूर्Ÿिा में आकार-गठन प्रधान है। पर इस सबके बावजूद भी कलाकार, रचनाकार व्यतिक्रम और अतिक्रम कर अपने ही माध्यम में रहते हुए भी किसी अन्य विधा की वीथियों से भी गुजरता है और अपनी कला को समृद्ध करता है।
ADDITION OF COLORS IN MADHUBANI PAINTING
Authors: Kumari Kanchan
Published: March 2021

India is an ancient cultural country. The unique fusion of folk art is seen in the art and culture here. Many scholars have periodically stated the importance of folk art. Folk art is a mirror of folk tradition culture in our country. Which can be seen in various customs celebrations. Folk art can be seen in various forms in different provinces like India. Which is known by various names. Madhubani's folk painting is one of them which is famous all over the world. Madhuvani's name is probably because the name has its own significance. Which is a honey-like sweetness in folk paintings here. The audience is fascinated on this side.

भारत एक प्राचीन सांस्कृतिक देश है। यहाँ की कला एवं संस्कृति में लोककला का अनूठा समन्वय दिखाई देता है। अनेक विद्वानों ने समय-समय पर लोककला के महत्त्व को बताया है। लोककलाऐं हमारे देश में लोक परम्पराओं संस्कृति का दर्पण है। जो विभिन्न रीति रिवाज उत्सव में देखे जा सकते है। भारत जैसें देश में विभिन्न प्रान्तों में विविध रूपों में लोककला देखी जा सकती है। जो विभिन्न नामों से जानी जाती है। जो विश्वभर में ख्याति प्राप्त है-मधुवनी की लोक चित्रकला उन्हीं में से एक है। मधुवनी का नाम शायद इसलिए हुआ क्योंकि इस नाम का अपना एक महत्व है। जो यहा की लोक चित्रों में मधु जैसी मिठास है। दर्शक बरबस इस ओर मोहित हो जाते है।
TREND OF COLORS IN LIFE
Authors: Vyas Sadhana
Published: March 2021

Many beautiful things affect the life of human beings in the universe, colors have a prominent place among them. Colors contribute uniquely in making the environment attractive. Also, fill the life of a person with happiness, enthusiasm, enthusiasm and consciousness. Being a beautiful world of colors, they have their own importance. The variety of different colors attracts the attention of any person. Colors also show the expression of a person's emotions and emotions.According to Modern Sanctuary en Cyclopedia, "Color is one of the properties of light that the eye sees and different shapes are also formed by light waves." That is, the lack of special kind of stimulation on the retina by the brain is called color. Light is the source of colors. The feeling of color is related to the quality of reflecting or governing the light of each object.

सृष्टि में कई सुंदर वस्तुएँ मनुष्य के जीवन को प्रभावित करती हैं, उनमें रंगों का प्रमुख स्थान है। रंग वातावरण को आकर्षक बनाने में अनूठा योगदान देते है। साथ ही व्यक्ति के जीवन को खुषी, उमंग, उत्साह एवं चेतना से भर देते है। रंगों की हसीन दुनिया होने के कारण इनका अपना अलग ही महत्व है। विविध रंगो की छटा किसी भी व्यक्ति का ध्यान बरबसही अपनी ओर खींच लेती है। रंग व्यक्ति के मनोभावों एवं संवेगों की अभिव्यक्ति भी प्रदर्षित करते है।मार्डन संेचुरी एन साइक्लोपीडिया के अनुसार ’’रंग प्रकाष का ही एक गुण है जिन्हें आंखे देखती है और जो विभिन्न आकार भी प्रकाष लहरों से बनते है।’’ अर्थात् मस्तिष्क द्वारा दृष्टिपटल पर विषेष प्रकार की उत्तेजना के अभाव को ही रंग कहते है। प्रकाष रंगों का स्रोत है। रंग की अनुभूति प्रत्येक वस्तु के प्रकाष को परावर्तित अथवा संचालित करने के गुण से संबंधित है।
"COLORS IN PAINTING" (IN PERSPECTIVE FROM PREHISTORIC TIMES TO PRESENT TIMES)
Authors: Tripathi Surabhi
Published: March 2021

Color is synonymous with happiness, sorrow, excitement, fear, relaxation, joy, etc. Color permeates nature's particles. Each color of a ghara has its own aesthetic and natural qualities, but how to apply it depends on the skill and efficiency of the artist, in a way the colors are the expression of human tendency, which the artist with his experience Presents. Man's attraction towards colors is not only natural but also inborn, thus color is the most important and meaningful element of a person's artwork.Color is also an expression of a person. Varna (color) has its own special importance in Hinduism - Gore class was used for Brahmin, Red color for Kshatriya, Yellow-vest and Shyam varna (black) for Sudra. Which is called varna bheda in Hinduism, thus color expresses natural expressions that are different from amukh, which creates a distinction in the object which becomes its existence. There is also a color attitude, which has its own natural quality. Colors directly affect our psyche. For this purpose, the treatment of 'color therapy' is also taken, for which various patients are freed. Physicians and psychologists are involved in this process.

सुख-दुःख, उत्तेजना, भय, विश्राम, उल्लास आदि का पर्याय ही रंग है। रंग प्रकृति के कण-कण में व्याप्त है। घरा के प्रत्येक रंग का अपना एक सौदंर्य व नैसर्गिक गुण होता है, परन्तु उसे किस प्रकार प्रयुक्त किया जाय यह कलाकार की कुशलता एवं दक्षता पर निर्भर करता है, एक प्रकार से रंग ही मनुष्य की प्रवृत्ति की अभिव्यक्ति हैं, जिसे कलाकार अपने अनुभव के साथ प्रस्तुत करता है। रंगों के प्रति मनुष्य का आकर्षण स्वाभाविक ही नहीं वरन् जन्मजात है, इस प्रकार रंग व्यक्ति विशेष की कलाकृति का सबसे महत्वपूर्ण व सार्थक तत्व है।रंग व्यक्ति विशेष की अभिव्यक्ति भी है। हिन्दू धर्म में वर्ण (रंग) का अपना विशेष महत्व है- गोर वर्ग ब्राह्मण, लाल वर्ण क्षत्रीय के लिए, पीला-वेश्य तथा श्याम वर्ण (काला) सूद्र के लिए प्रयुक्त किया गया। जिसे हिन्दू धर्म में वर्ण भेद कहा गया है इस प्रकार रंग प्राकृतिक भाव-भंगिमाओं को व्यक्त करता है जो अमुख से भिन्न है, जो वस्तु में भेद पैदा करता है जो उसका अस्तित्व बन जाती है। रंग मनोवृत्ति भी है, जिसका अपना स्वाभाविक गुण होता है। रंग हमारे मनोविकारों को सीधे प्रभावित करते हैं। इसी निमित्त रोग-निदान के लिए ‘कलर थेरपी’ का सहारा भी लिया जाता है, जिससे विभिन्न रोगियों को रोगमुक्त किया जाता है। इस प्रक्रिया के चिकित्सक-मनोवैज्ञानिक होते है।
MUGHAL CARPET COLOR MAKING PROCESS (WITH REFERENCE TO THE JAHANGIR ERA)
Authors: Dhiman Rekha
Published: March 2021

Mughal painting maintains an independent and significant identity throughout Asia. Babur, the fifth generation of Timur Vansh, established Mughal culture in 1527 by dominating some parts of India. Which was extended by the rulers of Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir, Shahjahan and Aurangzeb. At this time, all the arts developed properly. Mughal carpet painting was at its peak till the reign of Shahjahan. Iranian, Chinese and Western art styles influenced this. At this time the painting was effective as miniature and crystal painting. 'Jahangir period (from 1605 to 1627 AD) painting was in its youth in the form of miniatures. Senior painters in the schools of paintings used to study the subjects practically as well as impart an important chapter in the 'Rangamiji in miniatures' according to Nassab Talim. This was the reason that Jahangiric painting was achieved to the extreme. Provided the method of color mixing to Lipi. 2 Under this, special attention was given to color formation process and color composition. Senior painters used to train the subjects to collect natural, mineral and chemical tissue stems under their own supervision. During the Jahangir period, color manufacturing was done in India itself and exported to other countries. Therefore, special attention was also paid to color making method.

म्ुागल चित्रकला सम्पूर्ण एषिया में स्वतंत्र और महत्वपूर्ण पहचान बनाये हुए है। तैमूर वंष की पांचवी पीढ़ी के बाबर ने सन् 1527 में भारत के कुछ हिस्सों पर अपना आधिपत्य कर मुगल संस्कृति को स्थापित किया। जिसे हुमांयू , अकबर, जहाँगीर, षाहजहँा और औरंगजेब आदि षासकों ने विस्तार दिया। इस समय सभी कलाओं का समुचित विकास हुआ। षाहजहँा के षासन काल तक म्ुागल कालीन चित्रकला चरम - वैभव को प्राप्त थी। इस पर ईरानी, चीनी और पष्चिमी कला षैली का प्रभाव पडा। इस समय चित्रकला लघु और स्फुट चित्रों के रुप प्रभावषाली रही। ’जहाँगीर काल (1605 से 1627 ई. तक) चित्रकला लघुचित्रों के रुप में अपने यौवन पर थी।‘1 जहाँगीर ने अपने षासनकाल में चित्रषालाओं की स्थापना की और चित्रकारों को संरक्षण प्रदान किया। चित्रषालाओं में वरिष्ठ चित्रकार षिष्यों को व्यवहारिक रुप से अध्ययन कराते थे ही साथ ही नसाब तालीम अनुसार ’ लघुचित्रों में रंगामेजी ’ महत्वपूर्ण अध्याय की तालीम दिया करते् थे।यही कारण था कि जहाॅंगीरकालीन चित्रकला चरमसीमा को पाप्त हुई।’मरवादीद ने सम्पूर्ण मुगलों की चित्रकला अैर लिपी को रंग मिश्रण का विधान सुलभ कराया। 2 इसके अंतर्गत रंग निर्माण प्रक्रिया और रंग संयोजन को विषेष महत्व दिया जाता था। वरिष्ठ चित्रकार षिष्यों को स्वयं के निरीक्षणमें प्राकृतिक, खनिज और रासायनिक तंू उंजमतपंस एकत्रित करने का प्रषिक्षण देते थे। जहाँगीर काल में रंग निर्माण का कार्य भारत में ही होता था और अन्य देषों को निर्यात किया जाता था। अतः रंग निर्माण पद्यति पर भी विषेष ध्यान दिया जाता था।
PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF COLOR AND COLOR THERAPY
Authors: Kumar Gupta Ajay
Published: March 2021

Many opinions about colors are popular, but most of the artists nowadays follow the opinion of Aust Wald, according to their opinion, the main colors are yellow, red, blue and green, these are four and the ideal color is eight. The first four colors are called primordial (vatpahdans) colors and the second four i.e. purple, sky, orange and dhani are called second colors (Aambavadakantal). Apart from this, there are three colors and black, white, khaki (oval), these are called neutral colors (chamanjatans), they are mostly used to decrease and increase the color of other colors. The psychological impact of these colors has on human life, which has been considered the origin of colors on this Vasundhara since the birth of creation. Since ancient times, there have been different beliefs in terms of colors, such as red color - passion and revolution, black color - inauspicious, negative, green color - optimism brings happiness, blue color - peace, white color - purity brings reconciliation etc. Through colors on the canvas of paintings, the artist, in his silent language, shapes happiness, pain, agony with his imaginations and transmits his feelings to another. These pictures have many colors, we just have to understand them. There are many colors in nature which awaken the feeling of happiness in our mind and provide new energy. In today's time, imagining a world without colors for a moment is not only difficult. While colors have a special place in life, in the world, whatever we see with our eyes, the effect of color is first visible because many colors are present in the world.

रंगों के विषय में अनेक मत प्रचलित है पर आजकल के अधिकांश कलाकार आस्ट वाल्ड के मत को ही मानते है इनके मतानुसार मुख्य रंग पीला, लाल, नीला और हरा ये चार होते है और आदर्श रंग आठ होते है। प्रथम चार रंगों को मौलिक (व्तपहदंस) रंग कहते है और दूसरे चार अर्थात बैगनी, आसमानी, नारंगी और धानी को द्वितीय रंग (ैमबवदकंतल) कहते है। इनके अतिरिक्त तीन रंग और है काला, सफेद, खाकी (ळतंल) इनको तटस्थ रंग (छमनजतंस) कहते है इनका प्रयोग अधिकतर अन्य रंगों की सुषमा (ज्वदम) को घटाने और बढ़ाने में किया जाता है। इन्ही रंगों का मनौवैज्ञानिक प्रभाव मानव जीवन पर पड़ता है जो सृष्टि के जन्म से ही इस वसुन्धरा पर रंगो की उत्पत्ति का प्रार्दुभाव माना गया है। प्राचीनकाल से ही रंगो के संदर्भ में अलग-अलग मान्यतायें रही है जैसे लाल रंग - जोश एवं क्रांति, काला रंग - अशुभ, अनिष्ट, हरा रंग- आशावादिता खुशहाली, नीला रंग - शान्त, सफेद रंग - पवित्रता सुलह आदि का परिचय देता है। रंगो के माध्यम से चित्रों के कैनवास पर कलाकार अपनी मौन भाषा में खुशी, पीड़ा, व्यथा को अपनी कल्पना शक्ति से आकार प्रदान कर अपनी भावनाओं को दूसरे तक पहुंचाता है। इन चित्रों के अनेक रंग रूप होते है, हमें सिर्फ उन्हें समझना पड़ता है। प्रकृति में बहुत से रंग है जो हमारे मन में खुशी की भावना जागृत कर नई उर्जा प्रदान करते है। आज के समय में क्षण भर के लिए बिना रंगों के संसार की कल्पना कठिन ही नही असम्भव है। जहां रंगों का जीवन में विशिष्ट स्थान है वहीं संसार में हम अपनी आंखों से जो कुछ भी देखते है उनमें सबसे पहले रंग का प्रभाव दृष्टिगोचर होता है क्यांेकि सृष्टि में अनेकों रंग विधमान है।
BEAUTY OF COLORS IN PAINTING
Authors: Rajalakshmi
Published: March 2021

Blue sky, greenery, colorful flowers and beautiful animals and birds spread all around. Amazing work of God and beautiful color combination. It seems as if God as a painter has made a beautiful depiction on the canvas of this world through its colors and lines. If colors are not included in the illustration, then will this world still look so beautiful? maybe no. Everything that a human sees through his eyes is comprised of colors, so it would not be wrong to say that colors are of paramount importance in life and this color gives us to the top of taste or pleasure through its beauty and charm. Take away, because joy is the essence of the whole creation and also the ultimate culmination of heartfelt feelings.

नीला आकाश, चारों तरफ फैली हरियाली रंग-बिरंगे फूल एवं सुंदर-सुंदर पशु-पक्षी। ईश्वर की अद्भुत कृति एवं सुंदर रंग संयोजन। ऐसा प्रतीत होता है कि मानो भगवान चित्रकार के रूप में इस संसार रूपी कैनवास पर अपने रंगों एवं रेखाओं के माध्यम से एक सुंदर चित्रण कर दिया हैं। अगर चित्रण में यदि रंगों का समावेश न हो तो क्या तब भी तब भी यह संसार इतना ही सुंदर दिखेगा? संभवतः नहीं। मनुष्य अपने नेत्रों के माध्यम से जो कुछ भी देखता उनमें रंगों का समावेश होता ही है, अतः यह कहना सर्वथा गलत नहीं होगा कि जीवन में रंगों का स्थान सर्वोपरि है और यही रंग हमें अपने सौन्दर्य व आकर्षण के माध्यम से रसास्वादन या आनंदानुभूति के शीर्ष तक ले जाते हैं, क्योंकि आनन्द भाव सम्पूर्ण सृष्टि का सार है और हृदयगत् भावनाओं की अन्तिम परिणति भी।
EFFECTS OF COLORS IN LIFE (SUN RAYS)
Authors: Malaviya Shraddha
Published: March 2021

Dr. Lebis has written that there is a very close relationship between incense and digestion. If the sun rays do not fall on man or any other creature every day, then its digestion and equation power is impaired. Spuran and human life have a close relationship between them. Life is related to light power and its splendor, not protein, white matter, hydrogen, carbon or heat.Like the sky and air element, the light element is also very subtle. The colors of the colors we see in the lush green area of ​​nature, all of this is the illusion of the sun's colorful rays. Color illuminated in light is not only beautiful to the eyes, but is also a life color. The rays of the sun have a lasting effect on the living world. This is the basis of Sun ray therapy. By keeping water in colored bottles, the effect of light also changes and different qualities are produced in it.

डाॅ. लेबिस ने लिखा है कि धूप और पाचन की क्रियाओं में बड़ा घनिष्ठ सम्बंध हैं। यदि मनुष्य या अन्य किसी प्राणी पर प्रति दिन सूर्य किरणें नहीं पड़ती, तो उसकी पाचन और समीकरण षक्ति क्षीण हो जाती है। स्फुरण तथा मानव जीवन इन दोनों का परस्पर घनिष्ठ सम्बंध है। जीवन का सम्बंध प्रकाष षक्ति तथा उसके वर्ण वैभव से है, न कि प्रोटीन, ष्वेत सार, हाइड्रोजन, कार्बन अथवा उष्णांक से।आकाश और वायु-तत्व की भाँति प्रकाष तत्व भी अत्यंत सूक्ष्म है। प्रकृति के हरे भरे प्रषस्त अंचल में हम जो अनेक रंगों के चित्र देखते है, यह सब सूर्य की सतरंगी किरणों की ही माया है। प्रकाष में अन्तर्निहित रंगीनी केवल नेत्रों को ही सुन्दर प्रतीत नहीं होती प्रत्युत जीवन रंजक भी है। सूर्य की किरणों का प्राणी जगत पर स्थायी प्रभाव पड़ा है। सूर्य किरण चिकित्सा का यही मूलधार है। रंगीन बोतलों में पानी रखने से प्रकाष का प्रभाव भी बदलता रहता है और उसमें भाँति- भाँति के गुण उत्पन्न हो जाते हैं।
SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION TO THE PAINTING OF COLORS
Authors: Shukla Anshuli
Published: March 2021

Since prehistoric times, colors have been the mainstay of painting. The role of colors in painting reveals charm and beauty. Generally, nature is a mine of colors. According to scientists, colors originate from sunlight, which combines colors. The combination of colors is visible in many styles under Indian art such as Ajanta style, Pal style, Apabhramsa style, Rajasthani style, Mughal style, Deccan style, Pahari style etc. Similarly, painting of Kerala also plays a special role in the context of painting colors of South Indian states. In which first of all the pictures painted in the cavity temples come.

प्रागैतिहासिक काल से ही चित्रकला में रंगों का मुख्य स्थान रहा है। चित्रकला में रंगों की भूमिका आकर्षण एवं सुन्दरता को प्रकट करती है। सामान्यतः प्रकृति रंगों की खान है। वैज्ञानिकों के अनुसार, रंगों की उत्पत्ति सूर्य के प्रकाश से हुयी है जिसमें रंगों का समावेश मिलता है। रंगों का संयोजन भारतीय कला के अन्तर्गत कई शैलियों जैसे-अजन्ता शैली, पाल शैली, अपभ्रंश शैली, राजस्थानी शैली, मुगल शैली, दक्खन शैली, पहाड़ी शैली आदि में दृष्टव्य है। इसी प्रकार दक्षिण भारतीय राज्यों की चित्रकला रंगों के परिप्रेक्ष्य में केरल की चित्रकला भी विशेष भूमिका रखती है। जिसमें सर्वप्रथम गुहा मन्दिरों में चित्रित भिŸिा-चित्र आते हैं।
THE PHILOSOPHICAL ROLE OF COLORING IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF RAJASTHANI MINIATURE
Authors: Kodode Ujjwal
Published: March 2021

In Rajasthan, the interest towards painting and its original form was traditionally prevalent. The credit for reviving Rajasthani traditions and cultures is seen in the traditional painting here, in the depiction of women and the expression of colors. Evidence of this is seen in the lineages and color combinations etched in ancient times in the rock shelters here. There is an initial depiction by Rangay showing the expressions of the then figures. Rajasthani painting certainly occupies an important place in Indian art from the 16th century to the 19th century. The combination of colors is the predominance of this style. The variety of colors with rankhako has been skillfully perfected, but the simple combination of colors has been expressive, dynamic, strong and figurative.

राजस्थान में चित्रकला प्रति अभिरूचि और उसका मौलिक स्वरूप परम्परागत रूप से प्रचलित था। जो राजस्थानी परम्परा एवं संस्कृतियों को गैारवान्वित करने का श्रेय यहां की पारम्परिक चित्रकला में नारी चित्रण और रंगांे की अभिव्यक्ति में दिखाई देता है। इसका प्रमाण यहां के शैलाश्रयों में प्राचीन काल में उकेरे गये रेखाकंन एवं रंग संयोजन में दिखाई पड़ता है। रंगांे द्वारा तत्कालीन आकृतियों के भाव दर्शा ने का प्रारंभिक चित्रण हुआ है। 16 वीं शताब्दी से 19 वीं शताब्दी तक राजस्थानी चित्रकला निश्चय ही भारतीय कला में महत्वपूर्ण स्थान प्राप्त है। रंगों का संयोजन रेखाओं का बारीकी इस शैली की प्रधानता रही है। रेंखाकनो के साथ रंगों की विभिन्न छंटा कुशलतापुर्ण, किन्तु सरल संयोजन, रंगों का अभिव्यक्तिपूर्ण,गतिशील, सशक्त एवं आलंकारिक किया गया है।
The innovation environment in the system of economic development
Authors:   Belarusian State University, Kondrashov Oleg , Lapko Boris
Published: March 2021

The article shows that at present there is no generally accepted definition of the innovative environment in the scientific circulation, which fully reveals its substantive characteristics. The author's definition of the concept of "innovative environment" is proposed. On the basis of the analysis of statistical data, the positive and negative aspects of the innovation environment in the Republic of Belarus have been identified. It is shown that the formation of an innovative environment is an important factor in the sustainable growth of the national economy. A set of measures is proposed to develop an innovative environment, create conditions for effective implementation of innovations and increase the competitiveness of the national economy.
Development of digital marketing theory
Authors:   Belarusian State University of Physical Education, Kolodnik Tatiana
Published: March 2021

This article examines digital marketing as a multidimensional economic phenomenon that takes into account the development of scientific and technological progress. The study conveys the author's approach to the definition of the concept, channels and types of digital marketing, introduced on the basis of the use of digital media space in marketing activities as IT infrastructure and network technologies. Digital marketing is analyzed as market business processes occurring in offline and online spaces, with the application of the potential of various means of marketing interactions (Internet, mobile, broadcast, local networks and autonomous digital devices).
Optimization of costs for the state system of scientific and technical information
Authors:   Belarusian State University, Makarevich Siarhei
Published: March 2021

The article discusses the goals and principles of the State System of Scientific and Technical Information (SSSTI) of the Republic of Belarus as an integral part of the national innovation sphere, which accumulates, stores and processes data created in the country in the field of science and technology, their inclusion in the global information space and access of Belarusian users to its resources. The author provides a methodology for assessing and determining the optimal volume of expenditures for the SSSTI, its functioning and development.
Effect of a combination of TGFβ and IGF growth factors on the chondrogenic potential of mesenchymal bone marrow stem cells
Authors:   Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Zhernosechenko Anna , Isaykina Yanina , Filipovich Tatiana
Published: March 2021

The authors studied the influence of the combination of TGF? and IGF growth factors, as well as the differentiation time, on the induction of MSC chondrogenesis in vitro. It is proved that MSCs located in 2D and 3D systems, when exposed to TGF?/ IGF, showed the signs of early chondroblast-like cells in 7 days. The TGF?/ IGF used for the induction of MSCs is more preferred, because it results in a more pronounced hypertrophic-suppression effect. The absence of significant differences in gene expression (excepting Sox9) on the 7th and 21st days of chondrogenic differentiation allows the process to be reduced in vitro to 7 days.
Current approaches and methods in teaching business English. Potential perspectives
Authors: ZELTER Diana Christine
Published: March 2021

The aim of this paper is to analyse different approaches to business English teaching in order to find solutions to an existing situation: a course in specialised language for second year students at the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration which has to be finalised with the evaluation of the students’ linguistic competence according to CEFR. The question arising is how to combine different language teaching approaches such as CLT or TBLT and CLIL with CBI and CEFR? How to correlate the assessment of content with the assessment of linguistic competence? How to correlate linguistic levels with grades? We are trying to provide a few answers to these questions through a comprehensive literature review and personal assumptions based on teaching experience.
Explicitation, simplification and neutralisation in the translation of reference
Authors: ARHIRE Mona
Published: March 2021

Recurrent features of translation, sometimes labelled as ‘translation universals’, have been intensively investigated within Descriptive Corpus-based Translation Studies. Numerous language pairs have been set under researchers’ lens with a view to observing languages from a contrastive viewpoint, but also individually, in their translational manifestations. This has enabled the identification of characteristic features of the translational facets of languages, which have generated more and more nuanced scholarly theories. This paper examines the occurrence of some of the most frequent features of translation, namely: explicitation, simplification and neutralisation in the translation of reference as a cohesive device. Methodologically speaking, the investigation combines the theoretical and applied areas of Translation Studies, with an interdisciplinary dimension provided by the fusion of methodological input borrowed from Descriptive Translation Studies, Discourse Analysis and Contrastive Studies. The theoretical component of the research refers to issues of contrastiveness between English and Romanian viewed from a translational angle, in terms of equivalence and the occurrence of the three features of translation. The applied area of Translation Studies comprises the empirical approach to the translation of reference, while addressing not only the researchers’ community, but also the practitioners in translation and the translator training environment. The research applies both quantitative and qualitative methods to investigate the data selected from John Fowles’ novel Mantissa (1982) and its translation into Romanian by Angela Jianu (Fowles 1995). The findings provide insights into the nature and functions of referring expressions as formal links, but also as stylistic devices, and shed light into issues related to contrastiveness of reference between English and Romanian, to aspects of equivalence and translatability, as well as to the occurrence of translation universals.
Exploring BA students’ intercultural awareness and their expectations of translation courses
Authors: GAVRILOVIĆ Žana
Published: March 2021

The aim of the research in this paper is to investigate how the third- and fourth-year BA students of English as a foreign language perceive what they should be provided with in new translation courses that Pale Faculty of Philosophy (Department of English) is introducing, and to explore their perception about the difficulties in the process of gaining the translational competence. The premise is that the students are not sufficiently aware of the translation as a part of intercultural communication, and the cross-cultural elements that it should be focusing on. The survey also relates to on the teaching methods and styles most commonly used in translation courses, the results they are providing, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. The results of the research may serve as a reliable basis for enhancement of the teaching process and the translation competence acquisition process, first and foremost through methodological eclecticism, then raising the awareness of intercultural components in translation and encouraging the communicative approach to teaching, through a positive classroom atmosphere creation. In the end, several points are made on how to raise the awareness of the students in the process of intercultural competence development.
Raising students’ awareness of the importance of terminology in translation. A case study
Authors: HERȚEG Maria-Crina
Published: March 2021

The paper draws on the practical applications of terminological research and it relies on an experiment conducted by the author at 1 Decembrie 1918 University of Alba Iulia. The experiment involved students enrolled in the Translation and Interpreting undergraduate programme and with a view to preparing future translation professionals to carry out terminological research. The participants were assigned the task of compiling corpora and their choices were sundry: legal, business, technical, medical. Based on their findings, they had to elaborate terminological entries i.e., compile glossaries of specialised terms. The experiment combines both terminological and terminographical work, during it students had to extract terminology and to elaborate specialised glossaries. The interdisciplinary character of the experiment lies in the fact that it brings together the methods of terminology and the tools of corpus linguistics.
An Analysis of Code Switching and Code Mixing in Fashion Program “I Look” on Net Tv
Authors: Wati Renita
Published: March 2021

This study focuses on the form and function of code-switching and code-mixing used in the Fashion  Program "I LOOK " on NET TV. This study is aimed to answer the following problem: 1.What is the forms of code-switching and code-mixing used in the Fashion  Program "I LOOK" on NET TV, and What are the functions of code-switching and code-mixing in Fashion Program "I LOOK" on NET TV. To answer the problem, the writer used descriptive qualitative research through theoretical triangulation the total data 72 unit of analysis of code-switching found that  22 data used tag switching, 18 data used inter-sentential switching, and  32 used intra-sentential switching. It showed that intra-sentential switching is commonly used by  Kimmy  Jayanti in the fashion program "I LOOK" on NET TV. Furthermore, 127 unit data analysis of code-mixing performed 74 insertions of words, 48 insertions of phrases, 2 insertions of hybrids, and 3 insertions of reduplications. Meanwhile, there is 250 function of code-switching and code-mixing used by Kimmy  Jayanti in the fashin program "I LOOK" in  NET TV. They are quotation  1, addressee specification  24, repetition  1, interjection 31, message qualification 12, personalization and objectivization  15, and facility of expression  121.
Brainstorming Technique In Teaching Writing Descriptive Text
Authors: Anggraini Febri
Published: March 2021

This study investigated the effect of the brainstorming technique to Increase Students’ Writing Skill at the Tenth Grade of MA YPI Darul Huda Lubuk Harjo. The objective of the study was to find and describe whether there any significant difference between students who are taught by using brainstorming techniques and the students who are taught by using the conventional technique to teach writing skills at the tenth grade of MA YPI Darul Huda Lubuk Harjo. Therefore, for this study writer used quasi-experimental design as the method. The population was 158 and for sample 58 students, a sample of this study used purposive sampling. In this study, the writer was collecting the data used a written test as an instrument, and it was analyzed by an Independent t-test using SPSS 16, the result showed that t –obtained was higher than t table  (6,573  >2.000), and the value of sig (2 tailed) =0.00 less than the value significance level (0,05). It meant that there were no significant differences between the experimental group and the control group. So, the Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) was accepted and Null Hypothesis was rejected. It can be concluded that Brainstorming Technique was significant to increase students’ writing skills at the tenth grade of MA YPI Darul Huda Lubuk Harjo.
Administrasi Keuangan untuk Baitul Mal wat Tamwil (BMT)
Authors: Rosita Irda , Surya Firman , Eliyanora
Published: March 2021

Perkembangan perbankan syariah di Indonesia ditandai dengan berdirinya Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI). Akan tetapi karena permasalahan birokrasi dan terikat dengan undang-undang perbankan yang berlaku, BMItidak dapat mencapai lapisan paling bawah masyarakat Indonesia, sehingga dibentuklah lembaga keuangan alternatif yaitu Baitul Mal wa Tamwil (BMT) yang tidak hanya berorientasi aspek bisnis tetapai juga aspek sosial. BMT Mesjid Raya Koto Baru dan Mesjid Al Manar merupakan lembaga keuangan ekonomi mikro yang berbasis di Solok, Sumatera Barat. Kedua BMT ini telah memberikan kontribusi dalam meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat kecil sekitar BMT tersebut, melalui penyaluran pinjaman lunak. Semua dana BMT berasal dari sumbangan donatur dalam jumlah yang masih sangat terbatas. Peluang penambahan sumber pendanaan BMT masih besar melalui hibah pemerintah dan tambahan sumbangan donatur. Namun, karena keterbatasan BMT dalam memberikan informasi keuangan sebagai pertanggungjawaban menyebabkan BMT belum maksimal memanfaatkan peluang yang ada. Untuk itu perlu dirancangkan aplikasi sistem informasi akuntansi yang cocok untuk BMT. Perancangan dilakukan dengan 3 tahapan: analisis sistem, perancangan sistem dan implementasi sistem. Hasil dari implementasi sistem ini adalah BMT dapat melakukan administrasi keuangannya secara cepat, tepat dan lengkap.
Penerapan Sistem Akuntabilitas Kinerja Instansi Pemerintah (SAKIP) Dalam Mewujudkan Good Governance Pada Politeknik Negeri Padang
Authors: Andriani Wiwik , Rosita Irda , Ihsan Hidayatul
Published: March 2021

Government Performance Accountability Report (LAKIP) as a part of Government Performance Accountability System (SAKIP) has an important role in good governance implementation in every government agency. This study aims to observe the implementation of SAKIP in oreder to achieve good governance in Padang State of Polytechnic (PNP). Based on LAKIP review by Directorate General of Higher Education in 2011, PNP got “Adequate” result. The LAKIP review result increased in 2012 and 2013. Data was collected through questionnaires based on government agency performance accountability woking paper relesed in Regulation of the Minister of State for Administrative Reform and Bureaucratic Reform Number 13/2010. Items to be evaluated are (1) performance planning (Strategic Plan/Renstra), Annual Performace Plan/Renja, and Performance Establisment), (2) performance meaurement, (3) performance repoting, (4) performance evaluation, and (5) performance achievement.
Perancangan Desain Pengembangan Industri Makanan Tradisonal Minangkabau yang Berdaya Saing Global
Authors: Eka Rosalina  , Afridian Wirahadi Ahmad
Published: March 2021

This study aims to discuss the design strategy of traditional minangkabau food development in West Sumatra Province and to provide policy recommendation for traditional minangkabau food to be globally competitive. Tourism in the Minangkabau region is known in three things: culinary tourism (traditional food), nature tourism and cultural tourism. Ideally, whatever the destination in West Sumatra, each region always highlight the uniqueness of traditional food, but it is difficult to find traditional minangkabau food, especially in tourist areas. Culinary business that grow precisely fast food. The study was conducted on all regencies / cities in West Sumatra. Data collection techniques through interviews and questionnaires and FGDs. The data analysis was performed by IFAS analysis tool, EFAS.
Pengelolaan dan Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan Desa/Nagari
Authors: Sukartini  , Amy Fontanella  , Novrina Chandra
Published: March 2021

Pemerintah desa/nagari mendapat kucuran dana dari pemerintah pusat dalam jumlah yang tidak sedikit. Namun perangkat nagari belum memiliki kompetensi yang memadai dalam mengelola, menatausahakan dan mengelola keuangan nagari. Pengelolaan keuangan memerlukan akuntabilitas dan transparansi kepada public karena dana yang digunakan bersumber dari dana publik.  UU No.6 tahun 2015 menjelaskan bahwa pemerintah desa mulai dari tahun 2015 akan memperoleh dana 10% dari total anggaran. Oleh karena itu diperlukan kompetensi yang memadai dari perangkat desa dalam mengelola dan menyusun laporan keuangan untuk mewujudkan transparansi dan akuntabilitas pengelolaan keuangan. Untuk memudahkan perangkat nagari dalam menyusun laporan keuangan, penelitian ini mengembangkan aplikasi sederhana dalam penyusunan laporan keuangan nagari dengan basis Microsoft excel. Penggunaan aplikasi sederhana ini juga dapat meminimalkan kemungkinan terjadinya kesalahan dalam penyusunan laporan keuangan seperti kesalahan dalam perhitungan yang selama ini dilakukan melalui proses manual. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan berdasarkan proses pendampingan dalam menggunakan aplikasi, perangkat pengelola keuangan nagari merasa terbantu dalam melakukan pekerjaannya.