bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Solanum leaves extracts exhibit antioxidant properties and inhibit monoamine oxidase and acetylcholinesterase activities (in vitro) in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Ogunsuyi Opeyemi B. , Ademiluyi Adedayo O. , Oboh Ganiyu
Published: April 2020

Background

This study sought to determine the in vitro antioxidant, anti-monoamine oxidase and anticholinesterase properties of extracts (aqueous and alkaloid) of two tropical vegetables from Solanum spp- African eggplant (Solanum macrocarpon L) and black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L) as indices of their neuroprotective properties.

Methods

Both aqueous and alkaloid extracts of African eggplant (AE) and black nightshade (BN) were prepared by solvent extraction according to standard methods. Thereafter, the inhibitory effects of the extracts on monoamine oxidase (MAO) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities, as well as their free radical-scavenging and reducing abilities were assessed. Also, phytochemical analysis for phenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids were carried out.

Results

The results showed that the extracts inhibited MAO and AChE activities dose dependently, with aqueous extracts showing significantly higher MAO inhibition that the alkaloid extracts from both samples, but in all, BN showed higher MAO inhibitory effect compared to AE; the reverse was however, observed for AChE inhibition. Furthermore, the aqueous extracts showed significantly higher antioxidant properties than the alkaloid extracts, while BN had higher antioxidant properties compared to AN. The phytochemical analysis also showed that BN had significantly higher amount of phenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids than AE.

Conclusions

The anti-monoamine oxidase, anticholinesterase, and antioxidant properties exhibited by extracts from both samples could contribute to their neuroprotective abilities. Thus, these vegetables can be potential sources of functional foods and nutraceuticals in the management of neurodegenerative diseases, especially in the tropics.
Reframing the Sciences of the Long Eighteenth Century
Authors: Pancaldi Giuliano
Published: April 2020

Here I survey a sample of the essays and reviews on the sciences of the long eighteenth century published in this journal since it was founded in 1969. The connecting thread is some historiographic reflections on the role that disciplines—in both the sciences we study and the fields we practice—have played in the development of the history of science over the past half century. I argue that, as far as disciplines are concerned, we now find ourselves a bit closer to a situation described in our studies of the long eighteenth century than we were fifty years ago. This should both favor our understanding of that period and, hopefully, make the historical studies that explore it more relevant to present-day developments and science policy.

This essay is part of a special issue entitled “Looking Backward, Looking Forward: HSNS at 50,” edited by Erika Lorraine Milam.
Reconstructing Climate
Authors: Charenko Melissa
Published: April 2020

In the early twentieth century, there was no consensus about the nature of climate. Focusing on ecological understandings of climate, this article contends that the diverse scientific practices used by ecologists to reconstruct past climates resulted in different notions of climate. At the turn of the century, a number of ecologists looked to the geological past to understand climate, but they found different climatic patterns depending on the way they encountered it. Some ecologists, led by Frederic E. Clements, came to believe that the climate displayed cyclical, recurrent patterns after examining tree rings. Others, notably Paul B. Sears, believed that the climate was characterized by unpredictable complexity after examinations of fossil pollen. Their divergent understandings of climate came to a head during the Dust Bowl of the 1930s, a severe drought whose effects were amplified by human actions. Both ecologists provided advice to governments and farmers based on their notions of whether or not climate displayed regular periodicity. Their varied assessments of climate reveal broader ideas about interwar science and culture, especially contestations over the capacity of science to predict the future.
МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ОРІЄНТАЦІЇ У ДОСЛІДЖЕННІ ПРОБЛЕМ ОСОБИСТОСТІ
Authors: Савчин Мирослав
Published: April 2020

У статті аналізуються завдання методологічної рефлексії у сфері персонології, спрямованої на методологічну оцінку психологічних теорій та стану і завдання психологічної практики, вплив загаль­но­цивілізаційних тенденцій та внутрішній світ людини та її екзистенційні домінанти на сучасному етапі. Сформульовано завдання психології у напрямі вирішення проблем  вдосконалення сучасного світу, попе­ре­дження проблем у розвитку особистості. Констатується відставання сучасної психології у дослідженні проблем персонології, яка часто пропонує неоптимальні шляхи їх вирішення, не враховує реальну онтологію людини, дається оцінка сучасній наративній психології. Акцентується увага на проблемі змісту внутріш­ньо­го світу людини, необхідність врахування її духовного Я, незорієнтованості психологічної науки на з’я­су­вання характеристик здорової особистості та оволодіння нею здоровим способом життя, з’ясуванні співвідношення індивідуального та спільнотного у природі людини, на проблемі поєднання життя людини в реальному та віртуальному світах, взаємодії з феноменами штучного інтелекту, ставиться завдання ство­рення нових методів вивчення особистості, з’ясування змісту та організації фахової психологічної освіти та аналізу досягнень української психологічної науки. Акцентується увага на необхідності вклю­чен­ня етичної проблематики в предмет психологічної науки, проблеми методологічної орієнтації персонолога та професійної відповідальності практичного психолога, вказується на деструктивні моменти у прак­тичній реалізації психологічного знання.
Adsorption of lead (Pb) in strongly weathered tropical soil (Ribeira Valley region - Brazil)
Authors: Patinha Carla , Kasemodel Mariana Consiglio , Ferreira da Silva Eduardo Anselmo , Rodrigues Valéria Guimarães , Marques Jéssica Pelinsom
Published: April 2020

Lateritic soils have been widely used in the construction of landfill base liners for municipal and industrial waste. On the other hand, there is little practice in the use of strongly weathered residual soils for this finality. The use of local soil for the construction of liners in order to waterproof and retain contaminants represents an alternative to control this type of contamination. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the physical and chemical properties of a strongly weathered tropical soil (residual soil) collected in the city of Eldorado Paulista (Ribeira Valley), and to evaluate the abilityof this soil to adsorb lead (Pb). The contamination of soil and water by Pb due to inadequate mining waste disposal is common in this region. The Pb was adsorbed by the residual soil, mainly at the lowest initial concentrations. When the initial concentration of 20 mg L-1 was used, the adsorption percentage of Pb was 92.5% and when the initial concentration was 100 mg L-1, the adsorption rate was 81.7%. In addition to the retention of Pb, this soil presented the following characteristics which are favorable for using soils in the construction of liners: fine granulometry, liquid limit (LL) of 57%, plasticity index (PI) of 33%, oxidizing medium and the predominance of negative charges on the surface of the colloidal particles. Thus, it is concluded that the weathered tropical residual soil exhibits characteristics that allow it to be used as a liner in the disposal of residues containing Pb.
Basic Characteristics and Evolution of Geological Structures in the Eastern Margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Deng Dejie , Wang Changliu , Peng Peihao
Published: April 2020

Based on field geological survey and stratigraphic profile survey in the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the basic characteristics and evolution of geological structure in the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are studied. The Dongyuan area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is divided into the late Cenozoic period and the current period. During the Late Cenozoic, the Pliocene Xigeda lacustrine deposits develops from 4.2 MaBP to 2.6 MaBP, with 9 cold-warm climate change stages. There are 4.3 MaBP old glacial period in this area, and 5 extreme paleoclimate events in Quaternary. At present, the horizontal movement intensity and mode of different tectonic zones are determined by the northward extrusion, eastward extrusion and rotation around the eastern tectonic junction in the study area, and the stages of the movement state changing with time are related to the gestation and occurrence of extra-large earthquakes. At present, the three-dimensional crustal movement shows that the tectonic activity differentiation of mountain and basin, which is related to tectonic dynamic environment and deep material activity, is related to the compression, shortening and uplift of plateau mountain and the extension and subsidence of basin, reflecting the inheritance of neotectonic activity. Through practical analysis, it is found that the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is composed of Minshan fault block and Longmenshan structural belt. The left-lateral dislocation of Minjiang fault is roughly the same as the vertical dislocation. In Longmenshan tectonic belt, the right-lateral dislocation of Maowen-Wenchuan fault, Beichuan-Yingxiu fault and other main faults is the same as the vertical dislocation.
Gait parameters in a sample of healthy Colombian adults aged between 18 and 25 years: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Duque-Ramírez José Ricardo , Velez-Uribe Jose David , Gómez-Suárez Nicolas Eugenio , Manrique-Hernández Ruben Dario
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Gait analysis is fundamental for assessing the functional capacity and motor skills of any individual, therefore a reliable and specific analysis method is required to study gait in different populations. However, the reference values of gait parameters currently used in Colombia used gait parameters come from studies conducted on population groups from other countries or regions. Objective: To identify the reference values of gait kinematic parameters in healthy Colombian young adults. Materials and methods: A quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample consisted of 155 Colombian young adults (aged 18 to 25). Temporal and spatial parameters and kinematics data of each participant were measured through 3D motion capture, which was performed using 8 infrared cameras (Bonita 10) and the VICON NEXUS 1.8.5. software. POLYGON 4.1. software was used for data analysis, and statistical analysis was performed using the STATA 12.1. software package. Results: Average age, height and BMI were 20.3 years, 1.66m and 21.91T kg/m2, respectively. 41.29% of participants were male. The average values obtained for the step rate, stride time, speed and initial swing temporal and spatial parameters were as follows: 103 steps/min, 1.16 seconds, 1.01 m/s, and 59.62% of the gait cycle (both sides), respectively. Conclusion: Normal gait kinematic and temporal and spatial parameters of a group of healthy Colombian young adults were obtained, which will allow establishing the characteristics of abnormal gait in this population, improving intervention strategies, and designing and implementing technical aids aimed at improving locomotion in Colombian individuals.
Kisah Pemberantasan Bid’ah di Malaysia: Kajian atas Kitab Risalah Al-Azhari
Authors: Ali Wan Zailan Kamaruddin Wan , Ismail Ahmad Zuhdi
Published: April 2020

This article aims to study the idea and thought of Shaikh Muhammad Tahir Jalaluddin al-Falaki al-Azhari on the concept of bid’ah [innovation] dan the issues related to it. Bid’ah [innovation] is a problematic issue among muslim society in Malaysia. Generally, it is due to two main streams of thought between Kaum Muda [ultra-ortodox] and Kaum Tua [orthodox] that look at the issues from their own perspectives which are different from one another. In the context of this paper, it focuses to view the idea and thought of Shaikh Muhammad Tahir Jalaluddin himself. Hopefully, it will ease and help the muslim society in Malaysia to interact between them peacefully as allowed in Islam, and not vice-versa.
Measures counteracting 2016 spread of vaccine-derived poliomyelitis virus type 2 in Russian Federation
Authors: Popova A. Yu. , Ezhlova E. B. , Melnikova A. A. , Morozova N. S. , Mikhailova Yu. M. , Ivanova O. E. , Kozlovskaya L. I. , Eremeeva T. P. , Gmyl A. P. , Korotkova E. A. , Baykova O. Yu. , Krasota A. Yu. , Ivanenko А. V. , Yarmolskaya M. S. , Kovalchuk I. V. , Romanenko E. N.
Published: April 2020

Since April 2016 after global cessation of using trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV) and switch to bivalent OPV consisting of polioviruses types 1 and 3 (the “switch”), any isolation of type 2 poliovirus has been regarded as an event of extreme importance requiring investigation, risk assessment and decision making. In 2016, 2 cases of isolated vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 from healthy children was registered in Russia. Our study was aimed at on the assessing a risk of further spread of vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 and provide measures for preventing its further spread based on epidemiological investigation and genetic characteristics of the isolated viruses. The cases were revealed within the surveillance program for poliomyelitis and acute flaccid paralysis syndrome conducted in the Russian Federation. The laboratory investigation was carried out in accordance with the algorithm adopted in the Russian Federation and recommended by the WHO standards: virus isolation on RD, L20B and Hep2C cell cultures, identification in the neutralization reaction, intratyping differentiation by using RT-PCR in real-time mode, sequencing of the poliovirus genome fragments encoding the VP1 protein. A risk assessment for spread of vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 was performed in accordance with the WHO recommendations. There was uncovered a genetic relationship between virus strains isolated in September and December from unvaccinated Moscow resident boy (1 year old) who arrived from the Chechen Republic and from unvaccinated girl resident of the Chechen Republic (1 year old) with impaired humoral and cellular immunity. The virus strains were found to bear 10 and 13 genomic nucleotide substitutions, respectively, at the site encoding the VP1 protein compared with the Sabin type 2 vaccine strain that allowed to classify them as vaccine-derived polioviruses. In particular, both virus strains were shown to originate from the type 2 strain presented in the tOPV used shortly before the “switch”. Epidemiological investigation revealed family ties and probable contact between both children in the same premises. A series of organizational and vaccination measures was undertaken, as well as polio surveillance was strengthened in the region. No new type 2 polioviruses of vaccine origin were detected in the territory of the Chechen Republic during 18-month monitoring follow-up. The risk assessment of spread for vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 in a region, Russian Federation as well as cross-boundary spread identified it as “low,” requiring no use of type 2 monovalent OPV. Such experience for countermeasures may be taken into account to oppose the risks before and after the global certification for poliomyelitis eradication.
Phenotyping of masked hypertension based on the clustering of 24-hour blood pressure monitoring data
Authors: Geltser B. I. , Shakhgeldyan K. I. , Kotelnikov V. N. , Vetrova O. O. , Orlova-Ilyinskaya V. V. , Karpov R. S.
Published: April 2020

Aim. Phenotyping of masked hypertension (MH) based on clustering of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) results data and comparing it with indicators of target organ damage.

Material and methods. We retrospectively analyzed medical records of 207 men with a median age of 34,6 years and normal office blood pressure (BP), who were systematically exposed to occupational stressors and were undergoing a routine in-patient examination. All patients underwent ABPM, echocardiography, carotid ultrasound, glomerular filtration rate estimation. The clustering of ABPM data was carried out using the Kohonen self-organizing neural networks and K-means algorithm. Data processing was performed in the R programming language using the RStudio environment.

Results. MH was diagnosed in 142 (68,6%) patients which were divided into 3 clusters according to 4 criteria factors of ABPM: systolic-diastolic (SDMH) — 50,7%, isolated systolic (ISMH) — 27,5% and isolated diastolic (IDMH) — 21,8%. Majority (51,4%) of patients with SDMH were characterized by a relatively balanced distribution of episodes of increased systolic and diastolic BP during the day, and other ratios were much less common. In patients with ISMH, hypertension prevailed in the daylight, and in IDMР — nighttime. Individual clusters differed significantly in terms of the 24-hour BP profile and signs of target organ damage. Various types of cardiac remodeling were recorded in 24 (17%) patients with MH, 16 (66,7%) of which belonged to the SDMH phenotype. Intima-media thickening >0,9 mm occurred in 40% of patients with IDMH, in 30% — SDMH and only 9% — ISMH. At the same time, the majority of patients with glomerular hyperfiltration was recorded in patients with ISMH (20,5%), and with hypofiltration — IDMH (29%) and SDMH (23,6%).

Conclusion. Modern technologies of clustering increase the effectiveness of risk stratification for patients with MH, and contribute to the personification of preventive and therapeutic programs.
Machine learning for predicting the outcomes and risks of cardiovascular diseases in patients with hypertension: results of ESSE-RF in the Primorsky Krai
Authors: Nevzorova V. A. , Plekhova N. G. , Priseko L. G. , Chernenko I. N. , Bogdanov D. Yu. , Mokshina M. V. , Kulakova N. V.
Published: April 2020

Aim. To assess the prospects of using artificial intelligence technologies in predicting the outcomes and risks of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in patients with hypertension (HTN).

Material and methods. A software application was created for data mining from respondent profiles in a semi-automatic mode; libraries with data preprocessing were analyzed. We analyzed the main and additional parameters (35) of CVD risk factors in 2131 people as a part of ESSE-RF study (2014-2019). To create a forecasting model, a high-level language Python 2.7 was used using object-oriented programming and exception handling with multithreading support. Using randomization, learning (n=488) and test (n=245) samples were formed, which included data from patients with an established diagnosis of HTN.

Results. The prevalence of HTN among subjects was 34,39%. There were following significant factors for predicting CVD: anthropometric parameters, smoking, biochemical profile (total cholesterol, ApoA, ApoB, glucose, D-dimer, C-reactive protein). As a result of a 5-year follow-up, CVD was found in 235 people (32,06%) with HTN and 187 people (13,38%) without HTN; mortality rates were 1,27% in subjects with HTN and 1,12% — without HTN. The absolute mortality risk among participants with HTN (0,037) was significantly higher (p<0,05) than in patients without HTN (0,017). To create a neural network (NN), the basic Sequential model from the Keras library was used. During machine learning, 26 variables important for the CVD development were used as input and 9 neurons — as output, which corresponded to the number of established cardiovascular events. The created NN had a predictive value of up to 97,9%, which exceeded the SCORE value (34,9%).

Conclusion. The data obtained indicate the importance of risk factor phenotyping using anthropometric markers and biochemical profile for determining their significance in the top 20 predictors of CVD. The Python-based machine learning provides CVD prediction according to standard risk assessments.
Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of circulatory diseases in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Shlyakho E. V. , Konradi A. O. , Arutyunov G. P. , Arutyunov A. G. , Bautin A. E. , Boytsov S. A. , Villevalde S. V. , Grigoryeva N. Yu. , Duplyakov D. V. , Zvartau N. E. , Koziolova N. A. , Lebedev D. S. , Malchikova S. V. , Medvedeva E. A. , Mikhailov E. N. , Moiseeva O. M. , Orlova Ya. A. , Pavlova T. V. , Pevsner D. V. , Petrova M. M. , Rebrov A. P. , Sitnikova M. Yu. , Solovyova A. E. , Tarlovskaya E. I. , Trukshina M. A. , Fedotov P. A. , Fomin I. V. , Khripun A. V. , Chesnikova A. I. , Shaposhnik I. I. , Yavelov I. S. , Yakovlev A. N.
Published: April 2020

Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of circulatory diseases in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
A Study on Special Education Research Trends Related to Textbooks
Authors: Shin Seoyoung , Li Xiaohui , Park Changun ,   The Korean Society of Special Education
Published: April 2020

In order to provide basic data for the future development of special education-related textbooks, 187 papers were selected as search words for “special education” and “textbook” by the RISS(services operated by the Korean Educational Research and Information Service) to find out the frequency of works by period, disability area, textbook, and research method, while looking at language network analysis for three languages, groups, and so on. Research shows that the number of studies by period of curriculum in frequency analysis has gradually increased, but has decreased again since the revised 2015 curriculum period. The intellectual disabilities categories were the most common in the areas of disability, while content analysis was the most common in the Korean language and in music and research methods. In the case of language network analysis using keyword density, basic education courses, special schools, and primary schools were more central, and the study group, high schools, the blind students were relatively inactive. Based on this conclusion, the need for expanding the scope of textbook research from the perspective of guaranteeing the right to study by special education subjects, interest in the area of research alienation, and a re-discussion of the form of textbook use and method of provision were proposed.
The Effects of a Sexuality Education Program Based on Self-Determination on Sexual Awarenessof Adults with Severe Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Kim Joo Yon , Kim Yu Ri , Park Eun-Hye , Jeong Ji Hun ,   The Korean Society of Special Education
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a sexuality education program based on self-determination for adults with severe intellectual disabilities who have very limited opportunities of sexuality education. The literature and programs on sexuality education were reviewed and a draft was developed. Then the draft was applied to a pilot study. Also, its content validity was examined. The program included two areas (human development and relationship) and seven topics (body, awareness, emotion, sexual behavior, interpersonal relationship, sexual violence, and sexual self-determination). Twenty adults with severe intellectual disabilities participated in this study. The experiment group received the 16-session program. The results indicated that there was a significant difference of sexual awareness between the experiment group and the control group. In particular, there was a significant difference in dating and marriage, sexual interaction, and contraception between the experiment group and the control group. Based on the results of study, the limitations of this study and implications for future research were discussed.
La garantía de los derechos de la juventud: la relación gobierno municipal-organizaciones juveniles
Authors: Osorio Valencia Juli
Published: April 2020

Este artículo de reflexión tiene por objeto estudiar la reconstrucción de las percepciones de los actores institucionales a través de los cuales se gesta el plexo de la relación gobierno municipal-organizaciones juveniles. Esta reconstrucción permitió caracterizar la concepción de fundamentalidad de losderechos y la naturaleza de la participación en la formulación de la política municipal de juventud y toma de decisiones. Este conocimiento contribuye a comprender el estado de las relaciones entre las racionalidades de los actores institucionales estatales y sociales. De una parte, analiza el problema de una gestión pública supuestamente garantista de los derechos “dentro de lo posible” del Estado (realpolitik), frente a la exigencia de asumirla como posibilidad de vida de la población joven. De otra parte, reflexiona el problema del establecimiento de criterios orientadores de la implementación y gestión de una política pública trascendente de la gobernabilidad excluyente de las expresiones individuales y organizadas de la juventud hacia la gobernanza incluyente en la realización de los derechos específicos de la juventud. O al menos, contribuye a mejorar la capacidad de los jóvenes en la exigibilidad de sus derechos.

 

AbstractThis article of reflection has for object study the reconstruction of the perceptions of the institutional actors across which the plexus of the relation is in preparation I govern juvenile police officer-organization. This reconstruction allowed to characterize the conception of fundamentalidad of the rights and the nature of the participation in the formulation of the municipal politics of youth and capture of decisions. This knowledge helps to understand the condition of the relations between the rationalities of the institutional state and social actors. Of a part, he analyzes the problem of a public management supposedly garantista of the rights “inside the possible thing” of the State (realpolitik), opposite to the exigency of assuming it as possibility of life of the young population. Of another part, he thinks over the problem of the establishment of criteria orientadores of the implementation and management of a public transcendent politics of the exclusive gobernabilidad of the expressions individual and organized of the youth towards the enclosing governance in the accomplishment of the specific rights of the youth. Or at least, it helps to improve the capacity of the young persons in the recoverableness of his rights.
Проект 5-100: взгляд через призму теории институциональной коррупции
Authors: Трубникова Екатерина Ивановна
Published: April 2020

Цитирование: Трубникова Е.И. (2020) Проект 5-100: взгляд через призму теории институциональной коррупции // Мир России. Т. 29. № 2. С. 72–91. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2020-29-2-72-91

Существуют принципиально разные позиции относительно оценки результатов и текущего состояния Проекта 5-100. С одной стороны, отдельные участники проекта значительно улучшили свои показатели, и анализ официального ресурса, посвященного Проекту 5-100, даже позволяет сделать оптимистичные выводы об успехе в его реализации. С другой стороны, ни один из университетов не приблизился к желаемой позиции, а именно к вхождению в 100 лучших университетов мира в глобальных международных рейтингах. Более того, отдельные участники проекта до сих пор вообще не смогли войти ни в глобальные, ни даже в предметные рейтинги. В статье анализируются причины неудач вузов проекта, в первую очередь его аутсайдеров, акцентируется внимание на наличии спроса на неэффективные институты внутри университетской среды. Для объяснения причин неудач российских университетов используется теория институциональной коррупции. Имитация расходов на науку создает иллюзию о возможности достижения выбранными для участия в проекте вузами желаемых ориентиров, а единичные «истории успеха» в российской академической среде легитимируют недобросовестные действия других акторов. Многие затраты, понесенные участниками, несмотря на то, что не противоречат нормативным положениям, в действительности не соответствуют индикаторам развития университетов, заявленным в дорожных картах, и программным установкам проекта, а также тем ориентирам, достижения которых общество вправе ожидать от столь крупномасштабных финансовых вливаний. Институционализация хищнических практик может обеспечить выживаемость вуза в краткосрочной перспективе, но не способствует достижению общественно значимых целей.
Atıksu arıtma çamurlarının yakılmasıyla oluşan küllerin yapı malzemesi olarak geri kazanımı
Authors: YİĞİT Berna , SALİHOĞLU Güray , MARDANİ-AGHABAGLOU Ali , SALİHOĞLU Nezih Kamil , ÖZEN Süleyman
Published: April 2020

Bursa ili kentsel atıksu arıtma tesislerinde
oluşan arıtma çamurları, 2017 yılından itibaren Bursa Su ve Kanalizasyon
İdaresi’ne bağlı 400 ton/gün kapasiteli bir akışkan yataklı yakma tesisinde
yakılarak bertaraf edilmektedir. Yakma sürecinin sonunda her ay bertaraf
edilmeyi bekleyen ortalama 615 ton kül oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı çamur
yakma sürecinin sonunda oluşan atık çamur küllerinin yapı malzemesi olarak geri
kazanılıp kazanılamayacağını araştırmaktır. Bu amaçla çamur küllerine stabilizasyon/solidifikasyon
(S/S) ve jeopolimerizasyon teknolojileri uygulanmıştır. Bağlayıcı malzeme
olarak Portland çimentosu, termik santral uçucu külü ve mermer çamuru kullanılmıştır.
S/S örnekleri su, jeopolimer örnekleri 8MNaOH ve NaSilNaOH çözeltileriyle
aktive edilmiştir. Hazırlanan pasta örnekleri 28 günlük hava kürü sonunda basınç
dayanımı ve ağır metal sızma testlerine tabi tutulmuştur.  Çamur külü kullanılarak hazırlanan S/S
örneklerinde 21,8 MPa, jeopolimer örneklerinde ise 50,0 MPa düzeylerine ulaşan
basınç dayanım değerleri elde edilmiştir. Atık çamur külü içeren bazı
örneklerin basınç dayanım düzeylerinin, atık içermeyen kontrol örneklerinin
basınç dayanım düzeylerinden yüksek olması dikkat çekmiştir. Sızma testi
sonucunda çamur külüyle hazırlanan örneklerin tehlike sınır değerlerinin
oldukça altında kaldığı görülmüştür. Gerek sızma testi gerekse basınç dayanım
testi sonuçları, çamur küllerinin, yapı malzemesi olarak değerlendirilmesi
gereken bir potansiyel vadettiğini göstermektedir.
İş paketi sürelerinin belirli olduğu kaynak kısıtlı proje planlama problemi için öncelik kuralı
Authors: ERCAN Pelin , TANRIÖVER Ömer Özgür
Published: April 2020

Proje
planlaması, projenin zamanında tamamlanabilmesi ve düzenli bir şekilde
ilerleyebilmesi için proje yönetiminde büyük önem taşımaktadır. Kullanılabilecek
kaynağın sınırlı olduğu Kaynak Kısıtlı Proje Planlama Problemi için yapılan
çalışmalar, bütün problemler için optimum çözümü bulmada kullanılabilecek bir öncelik
kuralı bulunmadığını ve öncelik kuralı seçiminin önemli olduğunu
göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada iş paketleri sürelerinin belli olduğu kaynak
kısıtlı proje planlama probleminin çözümü için kullanılabilecek bir öncelik
kuralı önerilmektedir. Önerilen öncelik kuralı PSPLib J30, J60, J120 veri
kümeleri üzerinde test edilmiş ve kaynak kullanımı ile proje süresinin
büyüklüğünün beraber dikkate alınmasının optimum çözümü bulmak için önemli
olduğu gösterilmiştir. Önerilen alan ve kaynak kullanımı kuralı ile elde edilen
ortalama sapma değerleri seri çizelgeleme için j30’da %5.59, j60’ta %4.76, j120’de
%8.37; paralel çizelgeleme içinse j30’da%3.38, j60’ta %3.08, j120’de %3.67’dir.
Revisión del Surrealismo para una Educación Artística de lo insólito: del simulacro a la imagen-objeto
Authors: Domínguez Muñino Javier
Published: April 2020

Proponemos una revisión del Surrealismo desde una perspectiva curricular postmoderna, con metodologías multimodales como la DBAE o la A/r/tografía que permitan integrar creatividad e investigación en la Educación Artística. En este sentido, la Vanguardia moderna es recuperada para hacer de ella una relectura que se adapte a las necesidades del área y aproveche el potencial creativo-crítico de los estudiantes. Comprendemos que en este terreno se dan las condiciones favorables para evitar las inercias, y prejuicios más frecuentes, sobre el fenómeno estético: el de un nuevo espacio (surrealista) dominado por el concepto de `juego´ entre textos e imágenes autorreferenciales que invitan a la indagación. Lo que viene acoplándose óptimamente a la dinámica de `Proyecto´ creativo.
Loeys–Dietz syndrome (literature review and case description)
Authors: Agranovich Olga E. , Semenov Sergey Yu. , Mikiashvili Eugeniya F. , Sarantseva Svetlana V.
Published: April 2020

Background. The LoeysDietz syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder characterized by the pathology of the cardiovascular system in combination with various anomalies of the musculoskeletal system. In modern literature, there is neither any information about the frequency of pathology nor any algorithm of examination and treatment for patients with this syndrome.
Clinical case. The article presents a clinical observation of a 7-year-old patient with LoeysDietz syndrome with a genetically confirmed diagnosis.
Discussion. This article provided a literature review, examined diagnosis issues and differential diagnosis, and presented the clinical picture of the syndrome. The main symptoms of LoeysDietz syndrome are artery aneurysms (most often in the aortic root), arterial tortuosity (mainly the vessels of the neck), hypertelorism, and bifid (split) or broad uvula. However, the combination of these symptoms is not found in all patients with this disease.
Conclusions. The article emphasized the importance of a genetic verification of the disease, as well as a multidisciplinary approach to treatment with mandatory dynamic monitoring by specialists such as a cardiologist, neurologist, orthopedist, and pediatrician, which help prevent the development of complications and increase the life expectancy of this group of patients.
Experimental evaluation of the efficiency of chitosan matrixes under conditions of modeling of bone defect in vivo (preliminary message)
Authors: Vissarionov Sergey V. , Asadulaev Marat S. , Shabunin Anton S. , Yudin Vladimir E. , Paneiakh Moisei B. , Popryadukhin Pavel V. , Novosad Yury A. , Gordienko Vasili A. , Aganesov Aleksandr G.
Published: April 2020

Background. Despite the wide range of studies, the development of osteoplastic material, which has not only osteoconductive but also osteoinductive properties, remains an extremely topical issue in modern medical materials science. This work is devoted to experimental evaluation of the effectiveness of synthetic osteoplastic composite material based on chitosan and hydroxyapatite.
Aim. This study aimed to determine the effects of spongy implants based on chitosan and its composite with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in an amount of 50 wt. % on early osteogenesis in the area of the through defect of the ileum.
Materials and methods. The studied materials were sponge implants based on chitosan and its composite with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in an amount of 50 wt. %. Comparison groups include those without implant placement and those with replacement with commercial Reprobone osteoplastic material. Materials were implanted into the zone of the through defect of the ileum of rabbits for a period of 28 days.
Results. A high rate of resorption of materials based on chitosan in bone tissue and active growth of reticulofibrotic bone tissue along the edges of the defect was established, and the formation of cartilaginous islands and bone marrow was recorded in the group of chitosan implants with hydroxyapatite. The aseptic effect was observed with the use of implants made of chitosan and hydroxyapatite.
Conclusions. The data obtained allow us to argue about the osteoconductivity of the studied materials and the prospects for further development in this direction.
Analysis of causes of metal structure destabilization in correction of congenital spinal deformation in children of a younger age group
Authors: Kokushin Dmitry N. , Vissarionov Sergei V. , Khardikov Michael A. , Khusainov Nikita O. , Filippova Aleksandra N. , Ilin Vladislav V.
Published: April 2020

Background. One of the most common vertebral malformations that lead to the occurrence and progression of congenital scoliosis is disorders of vertebral formation. Most specialists adhere to the active tactics of surgical correction of spinal deformity in early childhood.
The aim. To evaluate the variants and causes of the transpedicular spinal system destabilization, which is not related to the violation of its integrity, in the surgical treatment of children with congenital spinal deformities.
Materials and methods. The case histories of 286 children under the age of 6 years undergoing surgical treatment in H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildrens Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery between 2014 and 2019 were analyzed. Depending on the outcome of the surgical treatment, the patients were divided into groups: the main group (n = 7) included those with spinal system destabilization and the control group (n = 12) consisted of those without spinal system destabilization. During the study, the sizes of the bases of the arcs adjacent to the abnormal vertebra, the magnitude of the scoliotic and kyphotic components of the deformation, and the correct position of the supporting elements of the spinal system on the Gertzbein scale were determined.
Results. Patients of the studied groups were identified according to their age and the magnitude of scoliotic and kyphotic components of spinal deformity. The average diameter of the arc base in the studied groups varied (p 0.05). In all patients, the complete correction of the congenital curvature of the spine was achieved after surgery. In the long-term postoperative period in patients of the study group after radiation analysis, the malposition of supporting elements relative to the base of the vertebral arch and a loss of correction of spinal deformity by an average of 25 were revealed, which required the repeated surgery in order to restore the stability of the spinal system and to correct deformation.
Conclusions. The reasons for the spinal system destabilization during the correction of the spinal congenital deformations are the peculiarities of vertebral anatomical-anthropometric parameters in the curvature zone, as well as tactical aspects during surgery. The main reason for the spinal system destabilization without violating its integrity is the small size of bases of adjacent vertebral arches relative to the abnormal one. The small size of the bases of the vertebral arches and the significant amount of necessary correction of congenital spinal deformity necessitate the installation of a longer spinal system in order to restore physiological profiles in the curvature zone.
TİCARET SAVAŞLARININ ULUSLARARASI TİCARET VE REEL EKONOMİYE ETKİSİ
Authors: NUROGLU Elif , ÇEKİN Semih Emre
Published: April 2020

Uluslararası ticarette korumacılık akımları bazı
dönemlerde azalmakta, bazı dönemlerde ise artmaktadır. Bu çalışma, 2008
yılından itibaren dünya ticaretinde düzeyi gittikçe artan korumacılık hakkında kapsamlı
bir literatür taraması ortaya koyar. Makale, ticaret savaşlarından doğrudan ve dolaylı
olarak etkilenmesi muhtemel olan ülkelerdeki dış ticaret göstergeleri ve makro
iktisadi değişkenlerin, ticaret politikasındaki belirsizlikten ne ölçüde
etkilendiğini panel vektör otoregresyon modelleri ile tespit etmeyi amaçlar. Bulgularımız, gelişmiş ülkeleri temsil
eden ABD ve Japonya’da ticaret politikası belirsizliğinin hisse piyasalarını ve
reel ekonomiyi etkilediğini, Japonya’da hisse piyasalarının, ABD’de ise reel
ekonominin daha çok etkilendiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Yükselmekte olan
ekonomileri temsil eden BRICS ülkeleri (Brezilya, Rusya, Hindistan, Çin Halk
Cumhuriyeti, Güney Afrika) ve Türkiye’de ise, ABD kaynaklı ticaret politikası
belirsizlikleri Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’ni daha çok ticaret dengesi açısından,
Türkiye’yi ise enflasyon açısından olumsuz etkilemektedir.
Fontes energéticas sobre a longevidade de Apis mellifera L. em condições controladas
Authors: Silva Rosilene Agra da , Araújo Talita Soares de , Andrade Anderson Bruno Anacleto de , Coelho Micaela Silva , Oliveira Gilmara Lima Gonçalves de
Published: April 2020

A apicultura é uma atividade que depende de diversos fatores dentre eles o ambiental. Em épocas onde o alimento para as abelhas é escasso faz-se necessário optar pela alimentação artificial, tornando-se necessário conhecer os alimentos que serão oferecidos as abelhas. Objetivou-se com essa pesquisa avaliar a influência de combinações de fontes de alimentações energéticas e proteicas sobre a longevidade das abelhas operárias (Apis mellifera L.) in vitro. As fontes avaliadas foram a mistura de pólen (10%) e açúcar de confeiteiro (90%), apenas o açúcar de confeiteiro (100%), uma mistura de pólen (10%) e mel (90%) e açúcar de confeiteiro (90%) e mel (10%). Foram coletadas abelhas recém-emergidas de favos de crias e colocadas em grupos de 20 abelhas em gaiolas de madeiras, com ambiente controlado, onde foram servidas as devidas alimentações e registrado o levantamento da quantidade de abelhas mortas diariamente. O trabalho foi conduzido em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos e seis repetições. Na análise de sobrevivência das abelhas notou-se que a alimentação da mistura de pólen (10%) e açúcar (90%) foi a que proporcionou os melhores resultados em relação a longevidade das abelhas, ao contrário da alimentação de apenas o açúcar que apresentou menor longevidade.
Modelos de educación moral y víctimas
Authors: Etxeberria Xabier
Published: April 2020

Ya desde la antigüedad griega se han formulado propuestas para la educación moral. Llama la atención que, a pesar de su pluralidad y del tiempo transcurrido, las víctimas no hayan tenido cabida significativa en ellas. Esto, además de alimentar una injusticia por implicar no reconocimiento de sus derechos, ha supuesto una merma grave en la calidad de dicha educación. En este trabajo se afronta tal carencia indagando cómo quedan transformados los modelos educativos hoy relevantes cuando se hace centralmente presentes a las víctimas en los diseños formativos de cada uno de ellos. Se tienen en consideración concretamente los enfoques clásicos de la formación del carácter y el desarrollo del juicio moral, y los más recientes de la relación de cuidado y la alteridad. Siempre con el horizonte de lograr una educación moral fundada y sólida que se sustenta en la recepción del impacto de las víctimas y acoge sus derechos.Recibido: 24 enero 2020Aceptado: 08 abril 2020Publicación en línea: Artículos en Prensa 07 abril 2020; Núm. 5 (2020) 26 junio 2020
Motywy podejmowania organizacyjnych zachowań obywatelskich przez zróżnicowane pokoleniowo grupy pracowników
Authors: Lewicka Dagmara , Pec Monika , Wilk Aleksandra
Published: April 2020

Problematyka podejmowania organizacyjnych zachowań obywatelskich (OCB) w przedsiębiorstwach, ze względu na ich szeroki i pozytywny wpływ na wiele aspektów działalności organizacyjnej, pozostaje w obszarze zainteresowań teoretyków i praktyków zarządzania. Zachowania te, wychodzące poza formalną rolę zawodową pracowników, wpływają na jakość wykonywanej pracy, efektywność finansową, poprawiają atmosferę pracy, stymulują rozwój kompetencji i zachowań innowacyjnych oraz zadowolenie klientów. Nie w pełni zidentyfikowane pozostają jednak determinanty i uwarunkowania, w których pracownicy działają dla dobra organizacji, nie oczekując za to wynagrodzenia. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest identyfikacja i analiza motywów podejmowania zachowań obywatelskich przez przedstawicieli grup pracowniczych zróżnicowanych pokoleniowo. Eksploracyjny charakter problemu przesądził o przyjęciu postępowania jakościowego. W opracowaniu wykorzystano metodę studium przypadku, a w jej ramach wywiady częściowo ustrukturyzowane oraz analizę dokumentów firmy.
Pendampingan Peraturan Mendagri Nomor 111 Tahun 2014Tentang Pedoman Teknis Peraturan Desa
Authors: Saputra Trio , Nielwaty Elly , Herlinda Dwi
Published: April 2020

Abstrak

Desa adalah suatu lembaga Negara yang merupakan kesatuan masyarakat yang memiliki batas-batas wilayah yang berwenang untuk mengatur dan mengurus kepentingan masyarakat setempat, berdasarkan asal usul dan adat istiadat setempat yang diakui dan dihormati dalam sistem Pemerintahan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Salah satu wujud kewenangan desa untuk mengatur kepentingan masyarakatn melalui pembentukkan produk hukum desa dalam bentuk peraturan desa (Perdes). Salah satu tujuan dari pembentukkan produk hukum desa untuk menertibkan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan desa serta mengatur pelaksanaan pembangunan dan pelayanan umum. Peraturan desa yang ada di Desa Buluh Cina hanya mencakup pada perdes tentang Anggaran Belanja Desa dan Bumdes. Melihat dari potensi wisata yang dimiliki Desa Buluh Cina terdapat Danau, Hutan lindung serta keramba ikan. Jika tidak ada aturan yang mengikat maka lambat laun  akan memicu konflik di masyarakat terkait pengelolaan potensi wisata. Oleh karena itu, pemahaman yang benar terhadap fungsi, kedudukan, dan tata cara pembuatan produk hukum desa menjadi hal penting yang harus diketahui oleh aparat pemerintah desa, agar produk hukum yang dibuat benar-benar dapat berfungsi sebagaimana mestinya dan tidak bertentangan dengan peraturan perundangan yang berlaku.

Kata Kunci: Desa, Pendampingan, Peraturan

 

Abstract

The village is a state institution which is a community unit that has territorial boundaries that are authorized to regulate and manage the interests of the local community, based on local origins and customs that are recognized and respected in the system of Government of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. One form of village authority to regulate community interests through the formation of village legal products in the form of village regulations (Perdes). One of the goals of the formation of village legal products is to bring order in the administration of village government and to regulate the implementation of development and public services. The village regulations in Desa Buluh Cina only cover village regulations on Village Expenditures and Bumdes. Seeing from the tourism potential that is owned by the Village of China there are lakes, protected forests and fish cages. If there are no binding rules, it will gradually trigger conflicts in the community related to the management of tourism potential. Therefore, a correct understanding of the functions, position and procedures for making village legal products is an important thing that must be known by village government officials, so that legal products that are made can function properly and are not in conflict with applicable laws and regulations.

  Keywords: Village, Assistance, Regulation
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dusun Padasan Desa Darsono Kecamatan Arjasa melalui Posdaya dan Produk Berbasis Rimpang Tanaman Obat
Authors: Puspitasari Endah , Rosyidi Viddy Agustian
Published: April 2020

Kelompok ibu-ibu di di Dusun Padasan belum memiliki aktivitas yang produktif, padahal mereka memiliki peluang dengan mengoptimalkan budidaya rimpang yang telah dilakukan dalam skala rumah tangga. Program Pengabdian Kemitraan (PPK) ini dilakukan dengan kelompok ibu-ibu di Dusun Padasan, Desa Darsono, Kecamatan Arjasa sebagai mitra. Pemberdayaan dilakukan dengan melatih dan mendampingi kelompok ibu-ibu di sana agar mampu menghasilkan bahan baku jamu berupa rimpang kunyit, jahe, dan temu kunci sesuai dengan kaidah Cara Pembuatan Obat Tradisional yang Baik (CPOTB) serta diversifikasi produk berbasis rimpang tanaman obat, yaitu kunyit, jahe, dan temu kunci. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk mendukung program Saintifikasi Jamu yang telah dicanangkan pemerintah.

 

Kata kunci: pemberdayaan masyarakat Dusun Padasan, Posdaya, produk berbasis rimpang tanaman obat
Group counseling for students transitioning out of postsecondary education
Authors: Lane Joel A.
Published: April 2020

This paper proposes a narrative-based group counseling model for postsecondary students preparing to graduate and transition out of university life. The challenges associated with this transition are both psychological and career-related in nature. The author utilizes multiple transition frameworks to provide a conceptualization of the graduation transition, and offers an overview of narrative therapy, its use in transition counseling, and its use in groupwork. The proposed intervention calls for two facilitators and between six and eight members. An intervention overview is provided that includes recruitment and prescreening instructions as well as content for eight sessions.