bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Liquid phase oxidation of cyclopentanone over metal-free carbon catalysts
Authors: Gašparovičová Dana , Králik Milan , Horváth Blažej , Soták Tomáš , Hudec Pavol
Published: July 2023

Oxidation of cyclopentanone (CPO) was studied over metal-free carbon catalysts in solvent-free conditions. Two pristine carbons were used: activated carbon Norit SX plus (total BET surface area 900 m2 g-1, external surface area about 350 m2 g-1) and carbon black Vulcan XC72 (total BET surface area 250 m2 g-1). Catalysts were prepared by activation in nitrogen and by treatment with urea and calcined in nitrogen at 500 °C and 950 °C. Catalysts were characterised in terms of textural properties (size of particles, X-ray powder diffraction, specific surface, microporosity, distribution of pores), acid-base properties (the average pH of the suspension, Boehm titration), surface functional groups (FTIR), and surface composition (XPS). A small content of nitrogen was found on the surface of all the catalysts, whereas the highest value was for the Vulcan catalyst activated with urea and calcined at 500 °C. Oxidation tests, carried out with pure CPO at 0.45 MPa in temperature range 80 – 110 °C allowed to choose the 90 °C and the catalyst activated with urea as the best one for recycling. At about 25 % conversion, the selectivity of ca. 30 mol % to glutaric acid and ca. 3 mol % to succinic acid were achieved. An interesting finding was that Norit based catalysts despite their higher specific surface area than Vulcan based catalysts were less active, provided lower selectivity and were much prone to deactivation. According to our hypothesis a higher concentration of active sites immediately after the start of the oxidation reaction accelerates the reaction rate. Due to exothermicity more reaction heat is evolved and the surface temperature of catalyst is increased. A higher temperature on the surface enhances side reactions, which yield in heavier products sticking on the surface and deactivates the catalyst.
Exploring Perceptions of Pregnant Women on Antenatal Care visit during their First Trimester at Area 25 Health Center in Lilongwe, Malawi – A Qualitative Study
Authors: Nyando Modesta , Makombe Dziwenji , Mboma Alexander , Mwakilama Elias , Nyirenda Lot
Published: July 2023

Background
Initiation of antenatal care during the first trimester is crucial for reducing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, only 24% of pregnant women in Malawi initiate antenatal care during this time with even lower rates of 15% at Area 25 Health Centre in Lilongwe. Despite such cases, there is scarce literature on obstacles that prevent women from accessing first-trimester antenatal care in Malawi.
Aim
To explore perceptions of pregnant women and how they influence attendance during the first-trimester at Area 25 Health Centre in Lilongwe, Malawi.
Methods
We employed a qualitative exploratory study on 55 purposely identified pregnant women, aged between 18 and 42 years with gestational period of up to 36 weeks who were attending antenatal care at Area 25 Health Centre in Lilongwe urban, Malawi. Data was collected through a total of 15 In-depth Interviews (IDIs) and four Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and were manually analyzed using thematic analysis, which included categorization and deductive theme identification with reference to the study objectives and the Health Belief Model (HBM).
Results
Pregnant women perceived that the first-trimester antenatal care visits are only for those experiencing ill health conditions like backache, headache, and HIV/AIDS during pregnancy. First trimester pregnancy was perceived as too small not worthy of seeking antenatal care, the women placed a low value on it. Majority of those who initiated antenatal care in the first trimester had previously experienced disorders and complications such as previous caesarean section and abortions. In addition to limited knowledge about the required total number of ANC visit, challenges such as long-distance, preoccupation with business, multiple antenatal visits, scheduling of antenatal care visits, negative attitude of health workers, adherence to COVID-19 containment measures, and inadequate partner support were identified as barriers to seeking early antenatal care.
Conclusion
Negative perceptions among pregnant women, coupled with various economic and infrastructure barriers, attribute to low attendance rates for first trimester antenatal care in Malawi. Addressing knowledge gaps and overcoming barriers related to economic, infrastructure and health care delivery can improve women’s early antenatal care visits. Future research should consider including pregnant women from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds to gain a better understanding of these perceptions and barriers.
General Deep Learning Framework for Emissivity Engineering
Authors: Hu Run , Yu Shilv , Wang Xi , Chen Zihe , Zhou Peng , Deng Yuheng , li Wangnan , Shiomi Junichiro
Published: July 2023

Wavelength-selective thermal emitters have been frequently adopted as a typical platform for emissivity engineering to achieve desired target emissivity spectra for broad applications such as thermal camouflage, radiative cooling, and gas sensing, etc. However, previous design methods fail to tackle the simultaneous design of both materials and structures, either fixing materials to design structures or fixing structures to select proper materials, hindering the establishment of a general design framework for emissivity engineering applicable across different applications. Herein, we employ the deep Q-learning network algorithm, a reinforcement learning method based on deep learning framework, to design multilayer wavelength-selective thermal emitters for a diverse range of applications, including thermal camouflage, radiative cooling and gas sensing. With magnetron sputtering, these emitters are fabricated and measured, validating the desired emissivity spectra with the designed ones. The main merits of the deep Q-learning algorithm include that it can 1) autonomously select suitable materials from a self-built material library and 2) autonomously optimize structures, thus realizing simultaneous optimization of materials and structures for various emissivity engineering applications. The present method is demonstrated to be feasible and efficient in designing multilayer wavelength-selective thermal emitters, offering a general framework for emissivity engineering and paving the way for efficient design of nonlinear optimization problems across various physical fields.
Highly selective and sensitive detection of Cu2+ ions using TGA capped Ce(III)-doped ZnS nanoparticles as fluorescent probe
Authors: Maheshwari Seema , Kaur Kuldeep , Malik Ashok Kumar , Kaur Manpreet
Published: July 2023

The synthesis of water dispersible thioglycolic acid (TGA)-capped Ce3+-doped ZnS nanoparticles (coded as ZnS:Ce@TGA) was carried out using environment friendly co-precipitation approach with water as solvent. The as-synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by the different analytical techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy. These nanoparticles are highly stable due to the coating of robust TGA capping agent. TGA capped Ce3+-doped ZnS nanoparticles showed significant fluorescence enhancement upon continuous addition of urea. This enhancement in fluorescence intensity was observed due to formation of new layer of urea over TGA which led to the decreases in surface defects. Further, urea treated TGA capped Ce3+-doped ZnS nanoparticles served as active sensor for the for the selective detection of Cu2+ ions as the urea layer in ZnS:Ce@TGA-urea provide active sites for the binding of Cu2+ ions. This selective binding quenched the fluorescence intensity of ZnS:Ce@TGA-urea possibly due to non-radiative recombination as Cu2+ act as electron trapping center. ZnS:Ce@TGA material could be used as an ultrafast primary sensor for detection of urea and the resultant ZnS:Ce@TGA-urea complex can then be used as a secondary sensor for determination of Cu2+ ions. The LOD for detection of urea and Cu2+ ions were found to be 2.3 mM and 26.6 μM, respectively. Factors affecting the Cu2+ ions detection were investigated and the optimum conditions were also determined. Under the optimum conditions, the relative fluorescence intensity of urea-TGA-capped@Ce3+-doped ZnS nanoparticles was linearly proportional to Cu2+ over a concentration range from 0 to 80 µM with a correlation coefficient of 0.989. The proposed method was also employed to detect trace Cu2+ in water with satisfactory results.
Causal effect of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on Alzheimer's disease: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Guo Yusheng , He Qingliu , Zou Tianhao , Gong Bingxin , Li Yi , Cai Xing , Fan Dage , Zheng Chuansheng
Published: July 2023

Background The current discourse revolves around the role of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as either an active participant or a passive observer in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study seeks to evaluate the causal effects of NAFLD on Alzheimer’s disease.Methods We performed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to assess the causal effects of genetically predicted NAFLD (chronically elevated serum alanine aminotransferase levels [cALT]) on AD, cognition-related trait (intelligence, cognitive performance, fluid intelligence [FI] score), and education-related traits (educational attainment, education qualifications, and age completed full-time education) in the main analysis. We repeated the MR analysis using SNPs from biopsy-confirmed NAFLD and imaging-based NAFLD in the validation analysis.Results In the main analysis, the random-effect inverse variance weighted (IVW) MR analyses indicated that cALT was not statistically associated with AD (Odds ratio [OR] = 1.000, confidence interval [95%CI]: 0.988–1.011, P = 0.970), intelligence (OR = 0.995, 95%CI: 0.979–1.011, P = 0.564), cognitive performance (OR = 0.988, 95%CI: 0.972–1.004, P = 0.141), FI score (OR = 0.981, 95%CI: 0.938–1.027, P = 0.410), education qualifications (OR = 0.992, 95%CI: 0.971–1.014, P = 0.484), and age completed full-time education (OR = 1.004, 95%CI: 0.971–1.038, P = 0.827). The cALT was statistically associated with educational attainment (OR = 1.025, 95%CI: 1.002–1.049, P = 0.039). However, validation analyses reported no significant causal effects of biopsy-confirmed NAFLD and imaging-based NAFLD on any outcomes.Conclusions In conclusion, using multiple analytic approaches we did not observe the causal effects of NAFLD on AD, cognition, and education in the current two-sample MR study.
The effects of pH on phosphorus utilisation by chickpea (Cicer arietinum)
Authors: Barrow N. Jim , Parvin Subhechhya Ali , Debnath Abhijit
Published: July 2023

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is known to secrete organic anions. We investigated its effectiveness in obtaining P over a range of pH values.
Methods
We grew two cultivars of chickpea, supplied with either ammonium or nitrate nitrogen, at 10 levels of applied P, and at four initial pH values. We measured plant yields, P concentration in the tops, and rhizosphere pH. We compared the results with those previously obtained for lucerne (Medicago sativa), mustard (Brassica campestris) and rice (Oryza sativa).
Results
At high initial pH, rhizosphere pH decreased; at low initial pH it increased. The changes in pH were proportional to the amounts of P applied. They were greatest at high levels of applied P. Best growth occurred when the initial pHCaCl2 was 5.9 and when the rhizosphere pHCaCl2 was close to 5. Plots of growth against plant P concentration showed little effect of low pH suggesting that aluminium toxicity was only of minor importance. Nevertheless, yields were severely depressed by low pH. Chickpea was much more effective at obtaining and utilising P than lucerne, mustard and rice. The advantage was greatest at high pH but was still substantial at low pH.
Conclusions
The mechanism of P uptake for chickpea seems to differ from that for lucerne, mustard and rice. The way that the charge on the phosphate ions is balanced seems to depend on the soil pH. Further, uptake is much more markedly depressed by at low pH.
The Role of Technology in promoting physical activities and mental health: A gender-based study
Authors: Liu Yangyang , Zhang Hongxue , Xu Ruilin
Published: July 2023

Background
Physical inactivity is a significant public health concern globally, associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases and detrimental effects on both physical and mental health. Technologically based interventions have emerged as a potential solution to promote physical activity engagement and improve mental health outcomes. However, understanding the effectiveness of these interventions and the role of gender in their outcomes is essential for developing tailored strategies.
Objective
This study aims to examine the effectiveness of technologically based interventions in promoting physical activity and improving mental health outcomes, with a specific focus on gender differences.
Methodology
This study employed a three-phase mixed methods research design. Phase one was an experimental phase where 300 participants were randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. The intervention group received a technologically based physical activity intervention, while the control group did not. Physical activity levels and mental health outcomes were assessed before and after the intervention. Phase two involved qualitative interviews with a subset of participants (n = 20) from the intervention group. These interviews explored motivations and barriers to physical activity, aiming to uncover personal factors influencing engagement. Thematic analysis was used to identify recurring themes. Phase three utilized a quantitative survey to compare motivations and barriers between males and females. The survey, administered to a larger sample, included participants from both intervention and control groups. It assessed various factors and allowed for a quantitative comparison of gender differences.
Findings
findings indicated that the intervention improved the mental health and physical activities level of the intervention groups. Findings also there are 8 motivations for and barriers to using technology in physical activities. Male and females’ scores on some of the motivations and barriers were statistically significant.
Conclusion
technology plays an important role in improving the mental health and physical activities of adults. Findings can be used by health care centers, digital psychologists, and physical trainers.
Molecular Subgroup Establishment and Signature Creation of lncRNAs Associated with Acetylation in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Hao , Wang Yuanyong , Shao Changjian , Guo Kai , Liu Guanglin , Wang Zhaoyang , Duan Hongtao , Pan Minghong , Ma Zhiqiang , Ding Peng , Zhang Yimeng , Han Jing , Yan Xiaolong
Published: July 2023

Background
The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have progressively been acknowledged as crucial intercessors of histone acetylation and play an authoritative role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) prognosis. Despite this, it is still unclear whether acetylation-related lncRNAs (ARLs) could be utilized to forecast the overall survival (OS) of LUAD specimens.
Methods
The RNA-Seq and clinical information of 501 LUAD specimens and 56 corresponding paracancerous tissue specimens were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Through the differential analysis, Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), Pearson correlation test and univariate Cox regression, we found out the prognosis associated ARLs and divided LUAD specimens into two molecular subclasses. Utilizing those ARLs, a novel signature was built by adopting Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm. ROC analysis and Kaplan–Meier survival curve were subsequently exercised to examine the predictive performance. Then based on the ARLs model, we exploited bioinformatics techniques to analyze the signaling pathways and biological roles, immunity, drug efficacy, and tumor somatic mutation. Next, univariate and multivariate Cox analysis were utilized to determine if the signature was an isolated predictor. Finally, ARL expression in LUAD was confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).
Results
We triumphantly built a ARLs prognostic model with excellent predictive capability for LUAD, including ADAMTS9-AS2, AF131215.6, CYP4F26P, LINC00622, LINC00639, LINC00968, MIR22HG, MIR99AHG and WWC2-AS2. Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis illustrated that risk model was an isolated predictor for affecting the OS of LUAD. A nomogram showed robust prognostic validity. There were also diversities between subgroups in the field of immunity, biological functions, drug sensitivity and gene mutations.
Conclusions
Nine ARLs were identified as promising indicators of personalized prognosis and drug selection for people suffering with LUAD.
Floristic and ecological insights into silica-scaled chrysophytes in southeastern Queensland, Australia
Authors: Nemcova Yvonne , Diaz-Pulido Guillermo
Published: July 2023

Silica-scaled chrysophytes, including several lineages of the class Chrysophyceae, possess morphologically diverse silica-scales. Despite their ecological significance, few data on their distribution are available from this region. In this study, we aimed to explore the diversity and distribution of silica-scaled chrysophytes in southeastern Queensland. Samples were collected from different water bodies, and scale morphology was examined using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Water chemical analyses were conducted to reveal the ecological requirements of the species. A total of 35 taxa were identified, including species from the orders Synurales, Chromulinales, and Paraphysomonadales. Mallomonas pseudocoronata, originally thought to be an endemic of North America and later recorded from Europe, was found in Queensland. Our findings provide valuable floristic data and contribute to the understanding of silica-scaled chrysophytes distribution in Australia. Molecular characterization of these species is crucial to assess endemism and further advance chrysophyte research in the region.
Difunctional fluorescent probes for iron and hydrogen sulfide detection based on diphenyl derivative
Authors: Shang Xuefang , Liu Bingqing , Liu Lixia , Wang Jia , Wang Yingling
Published: July 2023

In order to better monitor the content of Fe3+ and H2S in the biological environment, two new fluorescent probes were designed and synthesized. With the addition of Fe3+, the strong fluorescence emission of two probes was significantly quenched due to the paramagnetic effect of Fe3+. After the addition of S2−, the fluorescence intensity of two probes was quickly restored. Two probes showed high selectivity and strong sensitivity for the detection of Fe3+ and S2−, and the fluorescence intensity “ON-OFF-ON” was accompanied with the interaction process. At the same time, two probes displayed good anti-interference ability which was not interfered by the existence of other ions. In addition, two probes illustrated fast response time to Fe3+, S2− and small cytotoxicity to cells. Therefore, two probes can provide a potential ideal tool for detecting Fe3+ and H2S in organisms and the environment.
Fuzzy stability of functional equations via fixed point theorem
Authors: Lu Gang , Liu Yang , Jin Yuanfeng , Park Choonkil
Published: July 2023

The aim of this manuscript is to initiate the study of the Banach contraction in fuzzy Banach spaces and discuss some related fixed point results to ensure the existence and uniqueness of a fixed point. A nontrivial example is imparted to illustrate the stability of the proposed methods. Finally, to validate the superiority of the provided results, an application is presented to solve the some kind of functional equation.
Notch3-regulated microRNAs impair CXCR4-dependent maturation of thymocytes allowing maintenance and progression of T-ALL
Authors: Felli Maria Pia , Sergio Ilaria , Gaizo Martina Del , Patel Sandesh , Varricchio Claudia , Russo Eleonora , Orlando Andrea , Peruzzi Giovanna , Ferrandino Francesca , Tsaouli Georgia , Peluso Daniele , Besharat Zein Mersini , Campolo Federica , Venneri Mary , Bufalo Donatella Del , Bernardini Giovanni , Screpanti Isabella , Campese Antonio Francesco
Published: July 2023

Malignant transformation of T-cell progenitors causes T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), an aggressive childhood lymphoproliferative disorder. Activating mutations of Notch1 and overexpression of Notch3, as well as rare Notch3 activating mutations have been detected in T-ALL patients.
In this study, we aimed to deeply characterize major steps contributing to the progression of T-ALL: hyperactive Notch3-related pathways involved in T-cell dynamics within the thymus and bone marrow infiltration by immature thymocyte subpopulations.
We previously generated a transgenic T-ALL mouse model (N3-ICtg) demonstrating that aberrant Notch3 signaling affects early thymocyte maturation programs and leads to bone marrow infiltration by CD4⁺CD8⁺ (DP) T-cells Notch3highCXCR4high. Newly, our in vivo results suggest that an anomalous immature thymocyte subpopulation, such as CD4-CD8- (DN) over-expressing CD3ε, but with low CD5 and CXCR4 expression, dominates N3-ICtg thymus-resident DN subset in T-ALL progression. MicroRNAs might be of significance in T-ALL pathobiology, however, whether required for leukemia maintenance is not fully understood. The selection of specific DN subsets demonstrates the inverse correlation between CXCR4 expression and a panel of Notch3-deregulated miRNAs. Interestingly, we found that hyperactive Notch3 targets CXCR4 expression through the cooperative effects of miR-139-5p and miR-150-5p, and impairs thymocyte differentiation which increases DNCD3ε+CD25+CXCR4- cells that improperly colonize the transgenic BM. These data point out that Notch3 selects specific immature T-cells within the thymus, a reservoir to sustain T-ALL progression.
Effect of A Newly Developed Home Bleaching Gel on Tooth Surface Roughness, Microhardness, and Color Change
Authors: TEMİZYÜREK Safiya , Sürmelioğlu Derya Gürsel
Published: July 2023

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of experimental bleaching gels containing chitosan and theobromine compared with BioWhiten ProHome and FGM Whiteness Perfect bleaching gels on tooth surface roughness, microhardness, and colour change.
Materials and methods: One hundred-forty-four upper central incisors were used for microhardness, surface roughness, and colour analysis (n=12). Before bleaching, surface roughness was measured using a profilometer, microhardness was analysed using a Vickers test, and colour was measured using a spectrophotometer. Group 1, an experimental gel containing chitosan-theobromine (16% CP); Group 2, an experimental gel containing chitosan-theobromine (6% HP); Group 3, BioWhiten ProHome (6% HP), and Group 4, FGM Whiteness Perfect (16% CP). Microhardness and surface roughness tests were performed under the same conditions before and after bleaching and 14 days after the bleaching. Colour analysis was performed before the bleaching, during the application, 24 hours after bleaching, and on days 7 and 14. p <0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Although there was no statistically significant increase in microhardness values ​​after bleaching in any group (p>0.05), effective bleaching was detected in all groups, and the highest efficacy was observed in Group 4 (p<0.05).
Conclusions: The experimental gels containing theobromine and chitosan produced effective bleaching and did not have any negative effects on surface roughness or microhardness.
Clinical Relevance: Bleaching agents lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species, which have genotoxic effects. Theobromine and chitosan can provide clinicians with positive results for bleaching, such as the ability to use lower HP concentrations and avoid side effects.
M2-like tumor-associated macrophage-associated signatures from bulk and single-cell RNA-seq data may predict head and neck squamous cell carcinoma prognosis and immunotherapy response
Authors: liu yuchao , Liu Wei , Chen Yu , Tian Miao , Chen Pei
Published: July 2023

Purpose Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are immunosuppressive and crucial in the invasion, development, and metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Despite the prognostic importance of TAMs in HNSCC, their immunological landscape remains unknown. This study used bulk and single-cell ribonucleic acid RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to assess TAM prognostic value and the immunological landscape and drug sensitivity of HNSCC. Methods The abundance of M1/M2 macrophages in the transcriptome was calculated using CIBERSORT software. M2-like TAM-related genes were identified by integrating M2-like TAM marker genes from scRNA-seq data and M2 modularity genes from Weighted Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA) of bulk data. A seven-gene (plasminogen activator, urokinase (PLAU), actinin alpha 1 (ACTN1), thioredoxin (TXN), integrin subunit alpha 5 (ITGA5), solute carrier family 2 member 1 (SLC2A), prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 1 (P4HA1) and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFB1)) signature model was developed using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis and univariate Cox regression. Immune cells, immunological function, and immune escape scores were used to assess the immune landscape of HNSCC patients. Results M2-like TAMs correlated with a poor prognosis in HNSCC patients. The risk score was validated as a separate prognostic factor with strong accuracy. We predicted risk group based anti-cancer drugs and selected nine drugs with significant sensitivity in the high-risk category. Conclusion We created an M2-like TAM-related gene set with good performance in predicting patient prognoses and directing therapy modalities. This gene set can potentially be used to personalize treatment for HNSCC patients and improve clinical outcomes.
Incidence, Mortality, Risk factors and Trend analysis of gliomas
Authors: Ji Meichen , Qi Qing , Wu Kunpeng , Lai Yanzhen , Yang Hongcheng , Ma Haiqing
Published: July 2023

Purpose
Glioma is a rare and highly malignant tumor that affects the nervous system. While studies have been conducted on the occurrence and survival rates of glioma patients, there is currently a lack of comprehensive and large population research focusing on long-term trends in glioma incidence, survival rates, and associated risk factors.
Methods
Data for 30,209 patients with glioma was collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database from eight registries between 1975 and 2014. By analyzing Kaplan-Meier curves, we assessed the survival differences between sex, race, and socioeconomic status (SES) over a 40-year period. Additionally, Cox regression analysis was employed to examine the impact of various risk factors, including age, race, income, grade, tumor site, surgery, tumor size, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) with or without on glioma survival.
Results
Our study found that the incidence and number of glioma cases are on the rise. The incidence rates per decade from 1975 to 2014 were 2.6/100,000, 3.3/100,000, 4.0/100,000, 4.2/100,000, and 4443, 6441, 8893, and 10432, respectively. Besides, the 10-year relative survival rates (RSRs) for glioma were 23.19%, 30.80%, 34.67%, and 38.38%, respectively. In addition, the median survival per decade was 9, 10, and 9 months from 1975 to 2004, compared with 13 months from 2005 to 2014. Our findings revealed that advanced age, race, low household income, high-grade (poorly differentiated and undifferentiated), bilateral tumor occupying lesions, large tumor diameter, and failure to receive surgery/chemotherapy/radiation/PORT are risk factors for glioma.
Conclusion
The results of this study indicate a rising incidence of glioma cases. While there have been improvements in survival rates over time, it is crucial to acknowledge that long-term survival rates for glioma patients remain relatively low. Taken together, our study highlights the need for further in-depth research to improve treatment strategies.
A Study of Funerals and Bier in the Joseon Dynasty
Authors:   Association for International Tea Culture, Yang Ae-ran , Yun Byung-hwa
Published: July 2023

As men are finite beings, death is unavoidable. It is an extremely personal phenomenon that cannot be substituted by anyone and no one can come back once deceased. Therefore, people perform rituals to console the fear or sadness of the deceased and overcome the mourning of the living. Korea was influenced by China and performed various rites for the four ceremonial occasions of the Confucian customs, which are the coming of age, wedding, funeral, and ancestral rituals. Among them, the funeral was considered the courtesy for the deceased and the basics of familial devotion for the good fortune of oneself and his descendants. As a funeral involved many steps, it required various funeral supplies and the most important supply was the bier to transport the deceased to the burial site. As funeral rites were complicated and took a long time, there were various supplies used. The bier, which was used to transport the deceased to the burial site, had a very important value. The outside of bier took the form of a house and ornamented with various characters, animals, and plants. With the attachments such as Bangsangsi Mask and a shovel, the performers expressed their wish for the deceased to take a safe trip to the afterlife.
A Comprehensive Evaluation of Chemical, Bioactive Profile, and
Anti-oxidant Potential of Gabiroba (Campomanesia cambessedeana):
An Underexplored Fruit from Brazil
Authors: da Silva Diana Lopes , Morais Rômulo Alves , da Silva Sousa Hermanny Matos , Gualberto Larissa daSilva , Serra Guilherme Rodrigues , de Souza Martins Glêndara Aparecida
Published: July 2023

Background:

The Cerrado region has one of the world's largest and most diverse tropical
biodiversity, hosting several species of exotic fruits little explored. In this context, we can highlight
the gabiroba (Campomanesia cambessedeana), a native fruit tree belonging to the Myrtaceae family.
However, its fruits are not used frequently, except by the local population who consume them,
and are also reported as nutritional.

Objective:

This work evaluated the chemical composition of the whole fruit, pulp, peel, and seed of
gabiroba.

Methods:

Physicochemical characterization, bioactive compounds and antioxidant potential, and
mineral profile (ICP-OES) were evaluated. Individual phenolic compounds and organic acids by
liquid chromatography (HPLC-DAD) of the pulp, peel, and seed fractions of gabiroba were also
explored.

Results:

The results showed that the gabiroba fruit has a low lipid content (1.09 g 100 g-1), high
magnesium content (12.60 μg g-1), and significant values of total phenolics (153.17 mg EAG 100
g-1), vitamin C (51.20 mg AA 100 g-1) and antioxidant potential by DPPH radical scavenging (15.35
g sample g-1 DPPH). The analysis of organic acids showed that the pulp and peel are rich in malic
acid (7.29 and 8.15 mg 100 g-1, respectively) and the seed in citric acid (10.26 mg 100 g-1). On the
other hand, both pulp, peel, and seed fractions showed similar individual phenolic composition,
mainly being composed of catechin (3.36, 2.71, and 2.70 mg 100 g-1), gallic acid (1.67, 1.66, and
1.68 mg 100 g-1) and rutin (0.85, 1.39 and 1.16 mg 100 g-1, respectively).

Conclusion:

The individual phenolics in the gabiroba fractions may have been responsible for the
high antioxidant activity. In this way, gabiroba has demonstrated its technological potential for its
full use in producing food products and applications in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industry.
Ocena stanu odżywienia pacjentów hospitalizowanych w podeszłym wieku
Authors: Grzywińska Emilia
Published: July 2023

Wstęp. Starzenie się człowieka jest procesem nieuniknionym. Mają na to wpływ czynniki wewnętrzne, jak i środowiskowe. Uważa się, że osoba w podeszłym wieku wymaga ciągłej opieki w każdym aspekcie życia, jest niesprawna i niedołężna.

Cel. Ocena stanu odżywienia, wiedzy i świadomości zdrowego odżywiania wśród pacjentów w wieku powyżej 60 roku życia.

Materiał i metody. Badaniem objęto grupę 100 pacjentów hospitalizowanych w podeszłym wieku. Dla potrzeb pracy skorzystano z metody sondażu diagnostycznego, a narzędziem badawczym był test MNA.

Wyniki. Najwięcej badanych, to osoby u których odnotowano prawidłowy stan odżywienia, a najmniej niedożywionych. Wyższy wskaźnik osób z prawidłowym stanem odżywienia odnotowano w grupie kobiet. Jednak liczba kobiet nieznacznie była wyższa od mężczyzn. Najwyższą średnią punktowa badania przesiewowego odnotowano w grupie wiekowej 60-65 lat oraz najwyższy wskaźnik prawidłowego stanu odżywienia w tej grupie wiekowej. Biorąc pod uwagę poziom wykształcenia, najwięcej osób z prawidłowym stanem odżywienia odnotowano u osób z wykształceniem średnim. Wyższy wynik badania przesiewowego odnotowano w grupie mieszkańców miasta, osób zamężnych oraz określających swoje warunki ekonomiczne jako dobre. Badania na grupie pacjentów w podeszłym wieku wykazały, że osoby o prawidłowej masie ciała istotnie częściej były niedożywione niż osoby z nadwagą. Na podstawie powyższego można wywnioskować, że im wyższy wskaźnik BMI, tym mniejsze prawdopodobieństwo pojawienia się niedożywienia. Najwyższy wskaźnik prawidłowego stanu odżywienia odnotowano u osób z androidalnym typem sylwetki.

Wnioski. Płeć, wiek, wykształcenie, stan cywilny, miejsce pochodzenia nie ma wpływu na stan odżywienie pacjentów hospitalizowanych w podeszłym wieku. Warunki ekonomiczne, wyniki WHR, BMI maja wpływ na stan odżywienie pacjentów hospitalizowanych w podeszłym wieku.
Импульсная нагрузка на стенку при взаимодействии ударной волны с эллипсоидальным пристеночным пузырем газа повышенной плотности
Authors: Сиренко А.Г. , Сутырин О.Г.
Published: July 2023

Based on the numerical solution of the Euler equations, the problem of the interaction of a shock wave with an ellipsoidal gas bubble of increased density adjacent to a solid wall is studied. The process of refraction and focusing of the shock wave is described - the formation and reflection of transverse shock waves from the axis of symmetry and from the wall. It is found that, depending on the shape of the bubble, qualitatively different flow regimes take place, in which the focusing of the wave on the axis of symmetry occurs before or after the beginning of the reflection of the wave transmitted through the bubble from the wall. The grid convergence of various measures of impulse shock impact on the wall is studied and their dependence on the bubble shape is determined. The highest pressure impulse is achieved for slightly flattened bubbles, when the transverse waves are focused near the center of the wall immediately after the plane transmitted wave is reflected from it.
Antibiotic-Associated Clostridium difficile Diarrhoea in Tertiary Care Hospital – A Study from Western India
Authors: Bhatawadekar Sunita Mangesh , Yadav Lata Satish , Babu Aishwarya , Modak Meera Sujeet
Published: July 2023

Antibiotic-associated Clostridium difficile (CD) diarrhoea is one of the common causes of healthcare-acquired infection. Cephalosporins, piperacillin-tazobactam and aminoglycosides are the common antibiotics which have the maximum chances of producing Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Most Asian countries have easy accessibility to many of these antibiotics without prescription. Broad spectrum antibiotics have been indiscriminately used as empirical therapy over the last two decades which has resulted in an increased risk of C. difficile infection. In India, the prevalence of CDI is highly underestimated. This study aims to understand the prevalence, risk factors and comorbidities associated with CD diarrhoea in a tertiary care hospital from western India. 196 patients were included in the study who were diagnosed with antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD) clinically. Stool samples collected were processed for anaerobic culture of C. difficile and immunochromatography test was done to detect C. difficile toxins A and B. The comorbidities associated as well as the use of antibiotics like cephalosporin or proton pump inhibitors were also noted for the patients with CDI. 32 samples yielded CD (16%), out of which toxin production was detected only in 16 isolates. The prevalence rate of CDI in our hospital was 5%. Most of the patients had history of chronic illnesses like diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, ischemic heart disease, systemic hypertension, autoimmune diseases, or malignancy. Avoiding empirical therapy with antibiotics prone to cause AAD, Antimicrobial stewardship programme with proper infection control practices and epidemiological surveillance of CDI will help to reduce the burden of CDI in our country.
A Interpretation on the phenomenon of Introduction and Maintenance of Elementary Integrated Subjects
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Jeong Kwangsoon
Published: July 2023

In this study I would like to investigate modification of elementary integrated subject's form and explain of the influences based that times. In order to this aims, It was examined the formal documents of national curriculum, research's reports, and national integrated elementary curriculum from The forth to The 2007 revised national curriculum. In view of this study results, first, the elementary integrated subjects was introduced 'subjects integrating' to realize human education or whole-man education. After that, they are transformed integration between subject and life and theme based. Second, it is also mean to optimum quantitatively and qualitatively of contents for teaching and learning. And it was intended a specific theme centered teaching and learning in elementary schooling.
Analysis of the Concept of Tawarruq in the Perspective of Sharia Economic Law
Authors: Aprianto Naerul Edwin Kiky , Iftiarini Rahmatun Nazilah
Published: July 2023

Tawarruq is one of the sharia transaction schemes that can be used as an alternative for parties needing cash urgently. The scheme is a way for related parties to avoid usury activities. In Sharia financing, this contract was developed by ulema to adapt to society's sociological and economic development over time. The results of this study are manifested in Islamic financing agreements. Bai' al-inah and tawarruq are two types of financing in sharia economic law. However, tawarruq seems to be still in the debate whether it is allowed or prohibited, while bai' al-inah is forbidden because of the nash hadith which forbids it. In traditional societies, this scheme is applied between individuals, whereas today it has begun to be applied in Islamic financial institutions, especially abroad. One of the obstacles faced in implementing this scheme is the lack of public understanding due to the limited literature on this scheme, especially the literature in Indonesian.
Fonte
Authors: Peres Carolina
Published: July 2023

“Fonte” é um ensaio fotográfico realizado ao longo da minha pesquisa de mestrado e compõe uma investigação teórico-prática. Diante de questões sobre a natureza da câmera fotográfica e seu papel dentro de um processo inventivo, não restrito à técnica, busquei me aprofundar em aspectos filosóficos, históricos e poéticos com o propósito de estabelecer um outro tipo de relação com esse objeto.

A câmera fotográfica é um dispositivo técnico capaz de atuar junto com o ser humano ampliando sua percepção e capacidade de criação. Um corpo-câmera em relação ao ser e ao espaço que participa do processo inventivo de imagens. Essa ideia tem no autor Gilbert Simondon (2020) um apoio importante, visto que, para ele, os objetos técnicos devem ser considerados como parte da cultura e não apenas por sua utilidade e função. Transpondo para o fazer em arte, e utilizando uma imagem metafórica, a câmera é um corpo que me permite ver algo além do que os olhos podem captar. Além disso, no ensaio “Fonte”, é parte de um processo que envolve outros corpos, ou seja, o meu próprio e o corpo das pessoas observadas e fotografadas. Revela a existência de uma relação orgânica capaz de mobilizar conexões em prol de uma poética, um fator determinante que conduz meus deslocamentos em aproximações e distanciamentos, conforme o processo inventivo vivenciado.

Trata-se de uma pesquisa que evidencia reflexões sobre o processo de criação, tendo como referência a abordagem de Cecilia Salles (2008, 2011): a reflexão se expande para o momento anterior e posterior da tomada fotográfica, onde as escolhas indicam um percurso poético, seja durante a elaboração, na captura ou na edição. Há um olhar atento às experiências pessoais, sendo que o estabelecimento de nexos entre pensamentos, imagens e acontecimentos conduz a construção de narrativas.

Uma fonte em uma praça surge como espaço de experimentação e invenção de imagens. Porém, as imagens de “Fonte” surgem como uma nova realidade, que não guardam relação com o que é visto a olho nu no momento da captura, justamente pela presença do dispositivo fotográfico. Trata-se de reconhecer um fazer em arte próximo da ideia de artificar, isto é, “tornar a realidade ordinária em extraordinária” (BROWN; DISSANAYAKE, 2009, p. 46). No ensaio aqui apresentado, fonte é uma metáfora de um espaço cíclico em constante renovação para o nascer de novas imagens concretizadas em fotografias. Uma ideia que se aproxima do que diz Gaston Bachelard,

A água é uma matéria que vemos nascer e crescer em toda parte. A fonte é um nascimento irresistível, um nascimento contínuo. Imagens tão grandiosas marcam para sempre o inconsciente que as ama. Suscitam devaneios sem fim. (BACHELARD, 1997, p. 15).

Esta ideia pode ser transposta para as imagens capturadas, que acontecem no mesmo espaço onde há esse nascimento contínuo da água, ou seja, estão em constante renovação tanto no momento de elaboração e captura quanto posteriormente, no olhar de quem as vê.
The squamation of “Ctenacanthus” costellatus (Chondrichthyes: Ctenacanthiformes) from the Carboniferous of Lublin area, south-eastern Poland
Authors: Ginter Michał , Skompski Stanisław
Published: July 2023

A sample of late Viséan limestone from the Włodawa IG-4 borehole, east of Lublin, Poland, yielded a piece of a tooth and a few hundred well-preserved scales comparable to those of “Ctenacanthus” costellatus Traquair, 1884 from Glencartholm, Scotland, UK. Most of the scales are typical compound body scales of the ctenacanthid type. Their crowns are composed of several separate odontodes whose distal ends are turned backwards and bases are characterised by concave undersides. In the material, there are also sparse scales with similar crowns but with flat or convex bulbous bases, as well as ornamented plates and single, star-like denticles, probably from the head region. The taxonomic status of “Ctenacanthus” costellatus was analysed and a new generic name for that species, viz. Glencartius gen. nov., is proposed.
PROBLEMS OF CRIMINAL LEGAL PROTECTION OF MILITARY GRAVES, MEMORIAL OBJECTS OF MILITARY GLORY OF RUSSIA
Authors: Гайдашов А.В.
Published: July 2023

Целью работы является анализ нововведенного положения уголовного законодательства Российской Федерации, закрепляющего уголовную ответственность за уничтожение либо повреждение объектов, увековечивающих память погибших при защите Отечества или его интересов. Рассматриваются причины появления ст. 243.4 Уголовного кодекса РФ и проблемы международно-правового характера, связанные с совершением указанных общественно опасных действий за пределами Российской Федерации.

The aim of the work is to analyze the newly introduced provision of the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation, which establishes criminal liability for the destruction or damage of objects that perpetuate the memory of those who died in defense of the Fatherland or its interests. The reasons for the appearance of Art. 243.4 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and problems of an international legal nature related to the commission of these socially dangerous actions outside the Russian Federation.
CUSTOMS CONTROL IN THE ELECTRONIC DECLARATION OF GOODS
Authors: Субботин Ю.Б.
Published: July 2023

Объектом исследования выступают проблемы таможенного контроля товаров, основанного на сведениях, представляемых в электронном виде. Применение технологии электронного декларирования предполагает оцифровку всей информации, подтверждающей заявленные сведения о товаре. Достоверность информации, представляемой в электронном виде, в большинстве случаев не может быть перепроверена по оригинальным источникам. Целью работы является обоснование необходимости выборочного контроля в виде сверки электронных сведений с информацией на бумажном носителе в рамках системы управления рисками.

The object of the study is the problems of customs control of goods based on information provided in electronic form. The use of electronic declaration technology involves the digitization of all information confirming the declared information about the product. The reliability of information provided in electronic form, in most cases, cannot be cross-checked against the original The purpose of the work is to substantiate the need for selective control in the form of reconciliation of electronic information with information on paper as part of the risk management system.
Apresentação
Authors: Svartman Eduardo Munhoz
Published: July 2023

Apresentação
Securitizando o crime organizado: uma análise comparativa entre Brasil e Colômbia
Authors: Ferreira Souza Tamires Aparecida
Published: July 2023

O artigo tem como objetivo realizar um estudo comparado entre o processo de securitização do crime organizado efetuado pelo Brasil e pela Colômbia. Para tanto, seu marco temporal está centrando com o advento dos anos 2000 até 2017, com enfoque nos governos brasileiros de Luís Inácio Lula da Silva e Dilma Rousseff; e colombianos de Álvaro Uribe e Juan Manuel Santo. Nossa metodologia caracteriza-se por uma base analítica e histórica, pautada em fontes primárias e secundárias, destacando-se os Estudos Críticos de Segurança, na figura da Escola de Copenhague e da Escola de Paris, bem como a revisão de documentos nacionais de defesa e segurança e discursos de Presidentes e Ministros da Defesa. O Brasil apresenta uma resistência frente à definição do crime organizado como ameaça e às políticas estadunidense e colombiana de policialização das Forças Armadas. Enquanto a Colômbia realiza um processo de securitização explícito com definições de ameaças e políticas afirmativas que tangem a excepcionalidade. Contudo, apesar dessas distinções, observamos que a securitização nos dois países é marcada por pontos similares, pautados em medidas excepcionais variantes de intensidade.