bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hope: The Psychology of What Makes One Happy
Authors: Dr. Bani Narula
Published: December 2021

The present paper pinpoints on a very simple and straightforward concept of hope. The aim of this paper is twofold. First, hope is explored within the theoretical framework of positive psychology, which considers hope as a character strength that contributes to wellbeing and happiness. Second, to examine relationship between hope and happiness. Sample comprised of fifty undergraduate students from D.A.V College, Chandigarh in the age range of 18-21 years. Adult Trait Hope Scale (Snyder et al., 1991) and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (2002) were used to measure hope and happiness respectively. Correlation analysis was carried out and results revealed positive significant correlation between hope and happiness i.e. (r = 0.721, p ≤ 0.01). It indicated that students high in hope are more likely to experience happiness. In today’s time where there is so much of hassle, stress and anxiety among adolescents, hence, there is a need for parents, psychologists, counsellors and even teachers to inculcate character strength like hope in order to produce effects such as self belief, self esteem and happiness.
Unveiling the Relationship between Cultural Practices & Well-Being among Brahmin Students
Authors: K Nigesh  , Saranya T.S
Published: December 2021

The present paper reports a study entitled ‘Cultural Practices and Well-being among Tamil Brahmin Students’. India has a rich culture and heritage. That too the Vedic culture of India is something note worthy. The aims of the research include unfolding the rich cultural heritage of Vedic Brahmins belonging to Tamil community and to see how this rich tradition influences their general well-being and intelligence. Culture represents the cumulative deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs, values, attitudes, meanings, hierarchies, religion, notions of time, roles, spatial relations, concepts of the universe and material objects and possessions acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving (Hofstede,1997). Culture is the backbone of every society. Culture has either a direct or indirect influence on all the activities of the society. It ranges from day to day activities to deeper traits. The practices, rituals and even habits of the society are largely dependent upon the culture. The subjects of the study, Tamil Brahmins stay in separate settlements called AGRAHARAMS and follow a typical lifestyle. Some of them still follow a socially secluded life, restricting themselves within the walls of their cultural practices. The sample consists of 90 subjects, belonging to Tamil Brahmin community and it is divided into three groups 1) 30 people with regular practices 2) 30 people with occasional practices and 3) 30 people with no practice at all. The following tools are used to collect the data 1) cultural practices checklist (prepared by the researchers) 2) PGI General Wellbeing Measure by R.Anitha and P. Sareena. The parametric statistics was applied to analyze the obtained data. Well-being is generally considered as a subjective feeling of contentment, happiness, and satisfaction with life’s experiences. The results show that there is a significant correlation between the cultural practices existing among Tamil Brahmins and their well-being. The study throws light upon the influence of various cultural practices on well-being. It also helps to know how much cultural practices decide the wellbeing of persons living in the particular society. The study reminds us of our rich cultural practices and how the learning of Vedas could be embedded into the present education system to improve the general well-being of the students. The paper thus presents not just psychological perspectives, but anthropological and sociological factors as well.
Role of Psychosocial Variables on Lack of Negative Thought of Adolescents with Sickle Cell Anemia (AS) Type
Authors: Deepti Dhurandher  , Prof. Bansh Gopal Singh
Published: December 2021

Purpose of the study was examined the role of psychosocial variables on lack of negative thought of adolescents with sickle cell anemia (AS) type. 200 participants of sickle cell anemia (AS) type were consisted, coming from age group 13 to 18 yrs of Chhattisgarh state. General wellbeing scale and social support scale was applied as a questionnaire for data collection. The result showed that multiple correlation coefficient R was found to be .475 which is significant (F = 32.988, p<.01). Its square is .226 which indicates that significant variables included in the present analysis (i.e. emotional support, informational support and gender) contributed 22.6% variance in lack of negative thought of sickle cell anemic (AS Type) adolescents. It is observed that practical support contributed 14.3% (R2 Change =.143), family income contributed 3.3% (R2 Change =.033), informational support contributed 3.1% (R2 Change =.031), and gender contributed 1.9% (R2 Change =.019) variance of lack of negative thought in the subjects.
A Study of Home Environment in relation to Scientific Attitude, Study Habits and Emotional Maturity of Adolescents
Authors: Dr. Suman Dalal  , Ms. Manisha
Published: December 2021

The Present investigation was to find out the relationship of home environment with scientific attitude, study habits and emotional maturity of 600 rural and urban- Punjab and Haryana adolescents. Survey method of investigation was employed. The findings of the study showed that insignificant correlation is there between scientific attitude and home environment of rural as well as urban adolescents. Also insignificant correlation was obtained between study habits and home environment of rural as well as urban adolescents. Insignificant correlation was also obtained between emotional maturity and home environment of rural as well as urban adolescents.
Family Burden and Coping among Caregivers of Schizophrenia
Authors: S. Geetha  , Dr. M. V. Sudhakaran
Published: December 2021

Schizophrenia is a strict mental disorder affecting about human population. Being chronic and often incapacitating, it extracts tremendous cost from patients, caregivers and society. Caregivers of patients with schizophrenia face stress and emotional hardship and are frequently forced to assume lifelong care-taking roles. Subjective burden refers to the caregivers’ short term and long term reactions to the patient’s symptoms and behaviors, and the care giving task resulting from it. Perceived distress and interpersonal strain are examples. It refers to the extent to which the care giver feels he or she is burdened. This study aims to conducted for analysis the burden and coping among caregivers of schizophrenia. This study conducted with 30 Schizophrenic patients and 30 primary caretakers of the patients, totally 60 samples were studied. The result shows that there is association between burden assessment schedules of caregiver with that of caregivers coping scale. It revealed statistical significance. Low coping score seen in caregiver who had high burden score. Lower burden score seen in caregivers who had high coping level.
Emotional Intelligence and Gender Differences: A Study among the Youth in Bangalore City, India
Authors: Mrs. Sudha A Rao  , Dr. Komala M
Published: December 2021

Emotional Intelligence (EI) plays a significant role in a person’s academic, professional and personal success. Youth, who are at the verge of entry into their professional lives, need to cultivate their EI that has now become the most essential skill for survival in an organisation along with the job-specific technical competencies. The aim of this study was to assess the EI among the youth of Bangalore city. The sample comprised 800 youth in the age group of 18 to 24 years, consisting 333 boys and 467 girls. Results revealed that overall EI among the youth was higher (115.90±30.91) than the normal range (68±16). Though the boys had slightly higher scores (116.92±31.45) than the girls (115.17±30.54), the difference was statically not significant. This may be due to similar socio-demographic background (family structure, religion, economic groups), up-bringing in urban areas and/or forward-looking culture in the region. With respect to age groups, mean difference was highly significant where older age group (22-24 years) had higher mean score (127.74±23.309) of EI than the younger (18-20 years) age group (72.95±20.589),confirming that EI develops with age.
Public Speaking Anxiety in Relation to Different Demographic Factors
Authors: Dr. Pardeep Kumar  , Jasgeet Kaur  , Neha Thakur
Published: December 2021

The present study was conducted to know the public speaking anxiety in relation to different demographic factors like gender, age, family type, residential type, educational level, socio-economic status. Descriptive method was used in the present study to obtain the pertinent and precise information. The sample of the study was 300 school and college students between the age group of 14-28years. Convenient sampling technique was used by the researchers for choosing the sample of the study. The objectives of the study was to investigate the gender differences, differences in age groups, educational streams in public speaking anxiety, socioeconomic levels, residential areas and family structures. Public Speaking Anxiety scale developed by Bortholomay and Houlihan (2016) was used for data collection. Investigators used quantitative technique – t-test and one way ANOVA for data analysis and for getting the results. The findings of the study revealed that that there is no significant gender difference, age difference, educational stream differences, residential differences in public speaking anxiety, and no differences also emerged in the family type of the students. However, there exists a significant difference in public speaking anxiety among students from different socioeconomic levels.
Procrastination and Academic Achievement in Breakfast Takers and Skippers: A Comparative Study
Authors: Pankaj Singh  , Ravi Dua
Published: December 2021

Breakfast is considered as a very important meal of the day as it affects the Body Mass Index and provides required glucose to the brain and body. Whereas, procrastination is the practice of carrying out less urgent tasks in preference to more urgent ones, or doing more pleasurable things in place of less pleasurable ones, and thus putting off impending tasks to a later time. This study evaluated the differences of breakfast takers and breakfast skippers in relation to their procrastination and academic achievement. The sample consists of 120 students of Lovely Professional University, Phagwara and Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab. Participants were in the age range of 17-20 years, among them 60 were males and 60 were females. Random sampling was used to collect the data and the data was analyzed by keeping 5% level of significance. Results indicated that there is a significant difference between breakfast takers and breakfast skippers in relation to their procrastination level and academic achievement.
Risk Taking Behavior among Adolescents: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Saranya T.S  , Nigesh K
Published: December 2021

Adolescence is the most critical stage of development with identity achievement and formation. Due to the lack of maturation and incomplete brain development, they tend to indulge in various risk-taking behaviors and sensation seeking activities. The present study attempts to find out the various risk-taking behaviors like alcohol consumption, reckless driving, smoking, impulsive behavior and binge eating among adolescents of Kerala. The data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and Background Information Schedule. The analysis of the data revealed that 17% of adolescents indulge in smoking, and 8% of the participants consume alcohol due to peer pressure. 20% of the participants revealed that they indulge in impulsive behaviors like fighting with peers, elders, teachers etc. The findings of the study recommend an immediate intervention among adolescents to sensitize them about the issues of alcohol consumption, reckless driving, smoking, binge eating etc
Spiritual Intelligence among Secondary School Students with Respect to Gender and Management
Authors: Prof. C. Madhumathi  , Dakarapu Suparna
Published: December 2021

Spiritual intelligence refers to the skills, abilities and behaviours required to understand one’s inner self including thoughts, beliefs, values and actions, to maintain a sense of belonging with others, to express dependence on supreme power through meditation, to live with a mind of inquiry and a quest for meaning in life, and to act in love and compassion. The present research paper aimed to study the spiritual intelligence among secondary school students with respect to gender and school management. Method: The present study consisted of 480, 9th class students of Hyderabad district, Telangana, during the academic year 2015-2016. Spiritual intelligence tool developed by the investigator was used for the present study. For statistical analysis and hypothesis testing, Mean and F-test was applied. Findings: The findings reveal that girls have high spiritual intelligence than boys. Further findings also indicated a significant difference between the scores of spiritual intelligence with respect to school management.
Study of Predictors of Social and Emotional Loneliness among Female College Students
Authors: Dr. Neha Pandeya
Published: December 2021

This study examined the predictors of social and emotional loneliness among college students. This study examined only female students (n = 300). The following tests were administered: Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale, Experiences in Close Relationships, Self rating Depression Scale and IPATs Anxiety scale. The average age of participants was 22.23 (SD = 1.25). Results revealed that for social loneliness, avoidant attachment, depression and factor C(-) (Ego Weakness, lack of ego strength) emerged as salient predictors. On the other hand for family loneliness, avoidant attachment and depression emerged as saline predictors whereas for romantic loneliness, avoidant attachment, anxious attachment and depression emerged as salient predictors. The present results expand the literature on attachment by presenting evidence that anxious and avoidant females experience loneliness differently.
Blood Groups and Emotional Intelligence
Authors: Tamanna Gupta
Published: December 2021

The present investigation is to explore the emotional intelligence of different blood groups (A+, AB+, B+, and O+). Sample of the study consisted of college students of different blood groups (50 A+, 50 B+, 50 AB+, 50 O+). Their age range between 17-25 years. Their education was above 12th standards. To assess emotional intelligence ‘Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS)’ by Anukool Hyde, Sanjyot Pethe, and Upinder Dhar was used. To test the hypothesis of the present investigation ANOVA was used. Finding of ANOVA reveals that there is significant difference among blood groups and emotional intelligence. Students who have B+ blood group scored higher on value orientation and who have AB+ blood group scored higher on empathy and emotional stability.
Cognitive Insight in Patients with Schizophrenia: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Rahul Singh  , Ashok Parasar  , Ashok Kumar Patel  , Pritee Singh  , J. Mahto  , Anand Manjhi
Published: December 2021

The aim of the present study is to study the cognitive insight between male and female patients with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe psychiatric disorder characterized by “positive” symptoms such hallucinations, delusions, and thought disorders, and by “negative” symptoms, such as alogia, anhedonia, avolition, and flattening of affect (American Psychiatric Association, 1994; Andreasen & Carpenter, 1993). According to Beck et al. (2004), an important extension of the insight concept was introduced with the description of “cognitive insight,” which was defined as a patient’s current capacity to evaluate his or her anomalous experiences and atypical interpretations of events. Methodology-The sample size is 60 in total, where 30 male patient and 30 female patients between 18 to 59 years of age with diagnosis of schizophrenia as per ICD-10 criteria and the study was conducted at the inpatients and Outpatient Department of PGIBAMS, Raipur (Chhattisgarh), has been taken for the study through purposive sampling. The tools used for assessing the variables are Socio-Demographic and Clinical Data Sheet, The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for Schizophrenia (Kay et al, 1987), Beck Cognitive Insight Scale. (BCIS) (Beck et al., 2004). Result and conclusion: There is no significant difference between male and female groups of cognitive insight profile.
Construction of Meaning of Life: A Qualitative Study on a Subaltern Individual
Authors: Anand Shankar  , Nishtha Jain
Published: December 2021

Meaning of life forms the core of human existence and is the primary motive behind human action. Considering the role of culture and context in conferring meaning of life, the literature in subaltern studies in this area is severely lacking. The present study seeks to understand construction of meaning of life of a person belonging to a subaltern background from a qualitative perspective. The data was collected using unstructured interview from one individual with low job permanency and low financial stability. Using thematic network analysis, four global themes emerged: construction of rigid boundaries/ insurmountable walls in life; enhancing quality of life through positivity, balance, and work; living in the present; and a cauldron of strong repressed emotions. Meaning of life impacts an individual’s psychological well-being, health, quality of life, life satisfaction and meaninglessness may lead to psychological problems and depression. The study doesn’t comprehensively view the relation between meaning of life and class. It is important to carry out studies delineating the role of culture and class in construction and development of meaning of life.
Achievement among Tribal and Non-Tribal College Students
Authors: Mrs. Ushaben C. Ninama
Published: December 2021

The present study aimed to know the achievement among the tribal and non-tribal college students. The sample constituted total 120 students out of which 60 students were from tribal and 60 from non-tribal (30 boys and 30 girls in each group). The “Achievement Motivation Inventory (AMI)” prepared by Jansari (2015) was used. The reliability of the test-retest was 0.6301, reliability of the Split half was 0.7245 and validity was found to be 0.5683. The data was collected, scored and calculated. ‘F’ test was being calculated. The result showed that (1) There is no significant difference between the mean score of the achievement motivation among the tribal and non-tribal college students. (2) There is no significant difference between the mean score of the achievement motivation among the boys and girls and (3) The non-tribal boys college students is having more achievement motivation than non-tribal girls college students.
Grace of God: A Phenomenological Inquiry
Authors: Thangbiakching  , Dr. Eric Soreng
Published: December 2021

Grace, in the Christian understanding, is the unconditional love, the free, and undeserved favor of God. Grace, in this context, is not of man, but of the Divine through which the knowledge of truth is gained— truth that surpasses man’s natural knowledge and experience; by which the soul is likened to the Divine. In this paper, an attempt is made to decipher (through phenomenological inquiry) the experience of grace in the life of a middle-aged individual and how it provide resilience in the functioning of ones’ everyday life. The paper also discusses the possibility of the essential nature of the experience of Gods’ grace as it look into the subjective experience of the individual.
Personality Correlates of Cultural Intelligence
Authors: Pooja Tyagi  , Prof. Umed Singh
Published: December 2021

The present study was designed mainly to investigate cultural intelligence in relation to personality. To realize the main objective, 250 students of XIIth grade were drawn from various Senior Secondary Schools of Sonipat District of Haryana with age ranging from 16 to 18 years with the mean age of 17 years. Selected subjects were tested with 16PF and Four Factor Cultural Intelligence Scale. Obtained data were analyzed by Pearson’s method of product moment correlations. Obtained results revealed that Cultural Intelligence-Strategy (CQ-S) correlated positively with Factors A, B, H & I of 16PF. Cultural Intelligence-knowledge (CQ-K) has marked significant negative relationship with Factors A, O, and Q4; and positively with factor C. Cultural Intelligence-Motivation (CQ-M) has marked positive relationship with factor Q4 of 16PF. Cultural Intelligence-Behavior (CQ-B) has correlated positively with Factors F,H & Q1 and negatively with factor Q4 of 16PF. These findings can’t be considered generalized and hence for it more studies are needed on larger scale.
Self Concept among Intermediate Arts Student
Authors: Manjari  , Dr. Vijaysen Pandey
Published: December 2021

Background: Self- concept is accompanied by an understanding you have of yourself that’s based on your personal experiences, body image, the thoughts you have about yourself, and how you tend to label yourself in different situations. The purpose of this study was to measure the various aspects of self-concept of intermediate arts school students. Methods: Two groups were selected one is male and the other is female, both groups have 50 students. Each group has 25 male and 25 female students. Data were collected from the Delhi and National capital Region School students. In this research paper “self-concept questionnaire” by Dr. R.K. Saraswat was used. The scale consists of 48 items. “t” test was used for analysis. Results: The first group of male has standard deviation 17.31 and female group has standard deviation 16.05 hence the value of “t” test is 0.45.It shows that value is insignificant. There is no significance difference in the total self concept among male and female intermediate arts school students. Conclusion: In the present research study it is found that, In the present research study it is found that there is no significant difference among the total self concept and dimensions of self concept of male and female intermediate arts school students
Stigma and Psychological Problems Encountered By People with Leprosy and How Counselling Helps: A Systematic Review
Authors: Dr. Deepak Sharma  , Mrs. Anju Joshi  , Dr. Pravin Kumar
Published: December 2021

Leprosy is a medico-social problem with a declining in its medical form due to the presence of effective treatment (MDT) but its social aspect in term of stigmatization, disability, deformities, loss of self-respect and loss of self-esteem and ostracizing of affected ones and misconception of the disease by the community have been well identified as a major threat , therefore , making patients more vulnerable to destitution and social isolation .An important challenge in the post-elimination era of the World Health Organization’s Leprosy Elimination Programme is the social integration of leprosy patients into the community since they often suffer rejection due to the stigma attached to leprosy. Leprosy is one of the oldest diseases known to mankind. However, it still continues to be a serious public health problem in the developing world. This is primarily because leprosy is a medical problem with grave social overtones since permanent and progressive disability and consequent psychological damage is a recognized sequel of untreated leprosy. Hence, leprosy, irrespective of the occurrence of deformities, often results in intense stigma and social discrimination of patients and their families and the community at large. Social stigma has a significant role in inducement of psychological disorders in patients with Leprosy. Today, the highest burden of leprosy is concentrated mainly in India, Brazil, Myanmar, Madagascar, Nepal and Mozambique. These countries account for about 83 % of the prevalence worldwide. The study was carried out to determine the Stigma of leprosy disease and perceived psychological impact of the disease in the society. It was concluded that health education and information should be paramount when caring for the patient with leprosy because of the psychological disorders.
Relationship between Anger and Depression, Anxiety and Stress among University Students
Authors: Dr. Syeda Razia Bukhari  , Syeda Ishrat Fatima  , Amenah Rashid  , Farhana Saba  , Firdous Afzal
Published: December 2021

Background: Students face depression, anxiety and stress because of anger that effect their education. Aim: The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between anger and depression, anxiety and stress in university students. Methodology: It was based on hypotheses that a) Anger would be positively correlated with Depression, b) Anger would be positively correlated with Anxiety, c) Anger would be positively correlated with Stress. Sample consisted of 200 participants; data was collected from Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Results: To explore the main hypothesis of research, person correlation coefficient was applied on the data. Significant relationship between anger and depression, anxiety and stress. Conclusion: Students need care of family and counseling center in university. Teachers also need counseling to handle the students. This research is effective for students, parents and teachers.
Being Materialistic Makes You Happy or Not: A Probe
Authors: Seema Aggarwal
Published: December 2021

Does money bring happiness? This study was undertaken to understand and analyze the relationship between materialism and happiness. The sample consists of on young male and female students in the age group of 18-21years belonging to service class family and living in the tri-city of Chandigarh, Panchkula and Mohali. For the purpose of study respondents were selected randomly who were administered the structured questionnaire to measure happiness and materialism using Oxford Happiness questionnaire, Richards and Dawson Materialism Scale. Descriptive analysis, correlations, and t-ratios was applied to the data. Results revealed non- significant relationship between materialism and happiness. Gender difference was also studied.
Virtual Socialization among College Students: An Analysis through Self-Esteem, Psychological Needs and Narcissism
Authors: Nandini Sanyal  , Tina Fernandes  , Roselina Vundi
Published: December 2021

The objective of the present study is to determine whether there is a relationship between self-esteem, psychological needs and narcissism among college students who are frequent and infrequent virtual socializers. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was employed to select 200 college students (100 boys and 100 girls), aged between 18-25 years. An Online Social Networking Scale, Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem scale (Rosenberg, 1965), Balanced Measure of Psychological Needs Scale (Sheldon, 2012) and Narcissism Personality Inventory (Raskin and Terry, 1988) were administered to measure the frequency of virtual socialization, level of self-esteem, psychological needs and narcissism respectively. Significant differences were found between frequent and infrequent virtual socializers with respect to the dimensions of self-deprecation, authority, self-sufficiency and exhibitionism (p<0.05). Significant gender differences were also found with respect to the exhibitionism and vanity dimensions of narcissism (p<0.05). The dimensions of self-esteem, psychological needs and narcissism were significantly correlated in both the groups (p<0.05). In a technologically advanced time such as the present era, it is imperative to be aware of the influence of virtual socialization on behavioral traits of narcissism and self-esteem in college students and the effect on the creation of their concepts of themselves and how they protect their self-esteem and issues of identity.
Contribution of Spirituality and Attachment in Life Satisfaction
Authors: Urvashi Sharma  , Dr. Archana Satsangi
Published: December 2021

In the present era, frequently changing life style gives cutthroat competition and desire to be success in this competition makes unhealthy environment for present generation. People are stuck on materialistic thing which gives short-term satisfaction only. It is not permanent although people blindly follows this life style making themselves sick. But some people are aware that material life is temporary therefore they move their attitude towards the path of spirituality that illuminate his or her life and ultimately leads to life satisfaction. Therefore researchers is curious to explore the relationship among spirituality, attachment and life satisfaction. Present paper is an attempt to examine the contribution of spirituality and attachment in life satisfaction among middle age people. The sample comprises 100 subjects (50 males & 50 females), working in bank, and teaching profession. The sample has taken from Mathura city only. Sample is equal in terms of education, individual income, age, and marital status. In order to find out the contribution of spirituality and attachment on life satisfaction, correlation design is used. The result reveals that spirituality is positive contributor for life satisfaction.
Effect of Age and Marital Status on Thanatophobia (Death Anxiety) among Adult Women of Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
Authors: Punam Singh  , Bharati Roy
Published: December 2021

In the present study, an effort has been made to study the impact of age and marital status on the degree of Thanatophobia (Death Anxiety) of adult women of Ranchi town in Jharkhand, India. A total of 120, married and single (unmarried / divorcee / widow) adult women in the age range of 45 to 70 years were selected by incidental non probability method from Ranchi town. The Death Anxiety Scale by Thakur and Thakur was administered on the sample and it was found that age has no impact on the degree of Death Anxiety whereas marital status has significant impact on Death Anxiety. Combined impact of age and marital status is also significant.
An Insight into the Psychology of Abhidharmakosh
Authors: Capt (Ex) Deepikachamoli  , Lama Shanta Kumar Negi  , Dr. Rita Kumar  , Prof.(Dr.) Lobsang Tsewang
Published: December 2021

This article aims to describe the background of mind in terms of Buddhist and western perspective. Mind has been an interesting topic for ages. There are many researches that have contributed in this field and were successful to equip the world with new and old ideas. The researchers have researched on a Buddhist scripture Abhidharma kosh that deals with mind at the subtlest level. Mind has been divided in to three, as per western school of thought but this book explains mind with 51 mental factors. This article elaborates on different facets of minds as is written in Abhidharma kosh. The aim of the researchers is to bring out the psychological perspective of the Buddhist scripture, Abhidharma kosh in terms of Buddhist psychology. Old scriptures have been the source to the modern pool of study. Hence the researchers have brought the golden words of Abhidharma kosh in the light of the world. This article compares the Freudian, Jungian, Piaget’s theory of conscious with Abhidharma kosh.
Academic Performance, Self Esteem and Happiness among Adolescents in Kerala
Authors: Christina Mariam Chacko  , Syna Soosan Abraham
Published: December 2021

An average adolescent in Kerala is expected to concentrate on his/her academics and all other key aspects of healthy development like spiritual, psychological and social wellbeing are given scant attention. Middle class parents and teachers often disregard unacceptable behaviors of academically high performing children. Nevertheless as the young person completes education, the world demands competencies not taught in schools and when the critical time of acquisition of these core competencies are long past. In consequence young adults face serious interpersonal difficulties in both personal and professional life. The present study is an attempt to find out whether better academic performance contributes to happiness and increased self esteem among adolescents. A sample of 150 students (75 girls and 75 boys) between 13 to 18 years of age was selected for the study. Self Esteem Rating Scale (SERS), Depression – Happiness Scale (DHS) and recent annual report cards were used to collect quantitative data. The results indicate that there is no significant difference between academically high performing and low performing students in happiness or self esteem i.e. better academic performance does not ensure happiness or positive self esteem. There is positive correlation (r=0.54**) between self esteem and happiness. Happier children have better self esteem (t=5.27**) than depressed children. The results of this study reveal that happiness and self esteem are independent of academic performance and parents and educators must focus on holistic development not just on scoring well in exams.
Review of Deindividuation (Loss of Self-Awareness and Self-Identity) and Its Effects
Authors: Kanchi Madhavi  , Okbit W/Gebriel
Published: December 2021

Individuation is the process by which an individual becomes distinct. Individuation distinguishes you from everybody else in contrast deindividuation is mostly unconscious and more likely to lead to mischief as it is a sort of self-delusion. Deindividuation theory was developed to explain the violence and irrationality of the crowd. According to deindividuation theory, the anonymity and excitement of the crowd make individuals lose a sense of individual identity. But, despite a large amount of research, there is little support for deindividuation theory. As person moves into a group, results in a loss of individual identity and gaining the social identity of the group. When two groups argue (and crowd problems are often between groups), it is like two people arguing. Immersion in a group to the point that one loses a sense of self-awareness and feels lessened responsibility for one’s actions. This article discusses the theoretical background of deindividuation and its effects on individual, group and society and also its application in daily life.
A Comparative Study for Emotional Intelligence of Jammu and HNBGU University Students
Authors: Kanika Suri  , Shivani Sharma
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the present study was to study the emotional intelligence of post graduate students in HNBGU (Uttarakhand) and Jammu University (J&K) state of India. The sample was post graduate students (120) which were taken from two different courses (Arts & Science) from HNBGU and Jammu University. The total sample was equally divided among male and female. The main objectives of the study were to the influence of Region, stream and gender on Emotional Intelligence. Emotional intelligence inventory by S.K. Mangal and Shubhra Mangal was used as a tool. T-test was used as statistical technique to the results. Results revealed that there was a significant difference between students of HNBGU and Jammu University on Emotional Intelligence.
Attitudinal Barriers Encountered by Students with Disabilities in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Nageswara Rao Ambati
Published: December 2021

The present study is an exploratory in nature. The papers aims to understand the attitudinal barriers encountered by students with disabilities in higher education institutions and its impact on their learning experiences. The study was conducted in the erstwhile State of Andhra Pradesh (now bifurcated in to Andhra Pradesh and Telangana), India. For this study, the researcher selected three universities in different parts of Andhra Pradesh by using purposive sampling. In the second phase the researcher interviewed 100 students with disabilities from the selected universities by using snowball sampling. For this study, quantitative and qualitative data analyses were used and in most cases quotes of real text for each theme were maintained and used extensively. The findings of the paper covered characteristics of students with disabilities, attitudinal barriers faced by them. The findings of the study suggests that changes are needed to be made, not only in the physical environment in which teaching and learning takes place, but also in the way in which higher education curriculum is organised, delivered and assessed and changes should also come in attitudes of teachers, university administration, peer group and public at large.
Academic Task Commitment among the Students of Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalayas (JNVs) and Kendriya Vidyalayas (KVs)
Authors: Kiran NC  , C. G. Venkatesha Murthy
Published: December 2021

In the present study, the researchers have attempted to assess the Academic Task Commitment among 770 students of JNV and KV comprising 320 from JNVs and 450 from KVs. There was a significant difference between the students of JNV’s and KV’s on Academic Task Commitment in favor on JNV’ students. While boys and girls of JNV’s do not differ and they are alike on Academic Task Commitment. The same was true of KVs, students. Finally, on the whole, it was found that gender had no role to play in Academic Task Commitment. The implications of nurturing Academic Task Commitment among students are discussed.
Influence of Positive Mental Health on Quality of Work Life of Government School Teachers
Authors: J Parameswari
Published: December 2021

Positive mental health is the state of wellbeing wherein the individual is able to relate well with others, carry out his duties effectively and handle stress. It is a state that gives happiness and peace to the individual. When mental health is affected, it affects one’s thinking, behavior, and physical health. Positive mental health in workplace is necessary for a person to carry out his work successfully, and be innovative. It is necessary for an employer to constantly have a check on the mental health of the employees, as wellbeing has a great impact on the turnover of the organization. This article is an attempt to check the association between mental health and quality of work life of government school teachers of Salem city. Positive mental health instrument (Vaingankar, et al., 2011) and Quality of work life scale (Parameswari & Kadhiravan, 2014) were used to collect the data. The collected data were analysed using appropriate statistical tools and the implications of the study is discussed.
Job Satisfaction of Secondary School Teachers
Authors: Ranju Bala
Published: December 2021

The study is a descriptive survey conducted on 100 secondary school teachers of Hoshiarpur district. The data was collected from 100 secondary school teachers from 10 secondary schools (5 Urban and 5 Rural) of Hoshiarpur District. Stratified Random sampling technique was employed for the selection of sample. The total sample was selected on the basis of gender, locality and teaching experience (<10 and >10 years). The Job satisfaction scale constructed and standardized by Dixit (1993) was employed to collect data for the study. The results reveal that job satisfaction of teachers cannot be differentiated on the basis of Gender. There is no significant difference in job satisfaction of secondary school teachers teaching in Urban and Rural schools. No significant difference was found between job satisfaction of secondary school teachers having teaching experience <10 years and >10 years i.e. Job satisfaction is an independent of their teaching experience. The paper further gives educational implications on the basis of result findings.
Religious Tolerance to Adherents of Islam and Hinduism in Kongkong Village
Authors: Ummahatul Masruhah  , Ely Mei Triyani  , Aulia Sabrina  , Rahmawati Prihastuty, S.Psi., M.Si
Published: December 2021

Background: Indonesia is well-known for its plurality of people, either in terms of ethnic cultures or religions and beliefs. The diversity of the Indonesian nation can be viewed as one of the means to strengthen the unity of the nation by always developing tolerant and respectful attitude toward each other. Currently, the diversity existing in Indonesia tends to cause many conflicts due to people are less able to view the existing equation and to appreciate the differences in society. In Semarang City, (Indonesia) there is a plurality of cultures and religions, precisely at the Kongkong Village, Ngadirgo District, Mijensub district. That most of the population is Hindu. By the occurred conflict, the urgent need to be noticed by the Indonesian people is to redefine the appropriate attitude of diversity within a plural society. One way that should be developed to foster harmony among plural religious adherents as in Indonesia is to develop tolerance among religious adherents. Religious tolerance is an attitude of accepting the presence of others which differ on faiths and respecting others’ beliefs even if he/she does not agree with them. Methodology: The population in this study is the citizens of Kongkong Village, Mijen Subdistrict, Semarang City, and Central Java, Indonesia who are Moslem and Hindu from 15-50 years of age. The samples of 157 people in this study were taken by using purposive sampling technique. The religious tolerance scale used in this study is partly an adaptation of the religious tolerance scale compiled by Walt et al in 2014 and partly compiled by researchers with a benchmark of religious tolerance dimensions by Walt (2014). Result: There is no significant difference in religious tolerance between Islamic and Hindu subjects in Kongkong Village.
Family Ideology and Marital Adjustment: Comparing between Iranian and Indian Families
Authors: Maryam Jalali Ghalibaf
Published: December 2021

Every family has a particular ideology regarding the way the family should function; follow the values and beliefs and systems. A particular family follows and transmits them to their off springs. Marital Adjustment is the compatibility between the couple. Compatibility is when both the husband and wife have proper understanding of each other and both agree on the ground rules and relationship that are established by the family. Most importantly it is the wife who is expected to abide by the rules and involved in inculcating the good habits in to children of the family. However the aim of the present study is to see the difference in the family ideology of Iranian and Indian families and also to see how the couples adjust in their marriage.

Fifty couples (25 Iranian couples and 25 Indian couples) formed the sample of this study. These couples were given the family Ideology scale and marital adjustment inventory and the results have revealed that there is a slight relationship between family ideology and marital adjustment. It was also found that the Indian families had more autocratic attitude compared to the Iranian families. However, the result of marital adjustment showed that there is no difference among Indian and Iranian families in their marital adjustment.
Integrating Research and Education through Quantitative Techniques
Authors: Shruti Marwaha
Published: December 2021

The present research study intended to evaluate the cognitive abilities particularly Intelligence Quotient, Focus Factor, Decision making ability and Creative Quotient of an esteemed educational institute, St. Anne’s Convent School, Chandigarh. Detailed study was conducted on a sample of 27 (initial sample 30) students of the school. At initial stage, Test-1 was conducted on subjects. In the second stage, 90 days of customized training (IPCT-Q1) was provided to the subjects. Third stage included Quarterly Monitoring of IPCT-1. In the fourth stage, next 90 days of customized training (IPCT-Q2) was provided to the subjects. Fifth stage included Quarterly Monitoring of IPCT-Q2. Tracker test (Test-2) was conducted on subjects and finally the data were analyzed. The results indicated significant up-swing in IQ, FF, DMA and CQ of the participants.
Systematic Review of Cognitive Style, Its Approaches and Cultural Research
Authors: Archana Mishra  , Jyoti Kanoujiya  , Shreshtha Yadav
Published: December 2021

The present paper attempts to go through a systematic review on nature of cognitive styles and approaches. When it comes to studying psychological process cognitive style appear as most prominent concept linked with many other psychological processes like problem solving, decision-making, socialization and spatial ability etc. Cognitive style is generally known as way of processing and analyzing information from the environment. The term cognitive styles have been studied since 1960 it was assumed as part of psychological differentiation. But nowadays it is also known as perceptual styles. Often times these terms have been used interchangeably but there is slight difference between these concepts. In the present paper we will analyze the concept of cognitive style, approaches to study cognitive style, new emerging fields in cognitive styles and researches in cognitive styles in Indian perspective. Analysis of review showed that there is abundance of research in cognitive style and its relationship to ecological perspective, and teaching but there is still need for the research in using socio-cultural variable in Indian context.
Meditators and Non-Meditators: Level of Mindfulness and Psychological Well-Being
Authors: Sarika Khandelwal  , Dr. Kavita Koradia
Published: December 2021

Numerous researches have documented positive outcomes of practicing meditation and mindfulness since advent of Positive Psychology. Hence the present study has been designed to investigate effect of practicing meditation on levels of mindfulness in daily life and also to understand if any relationship exists with level of mindfulness and psychological well- being of its practitioners. A total of 120 participants (60 meditators and 60 non- meditators), aged 30-50 years were assessed on level of mindfulness using Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and their psychological well- being was studied by Ryff Scale of Psychological Well- being. The data was analyzed using Mean, Standard deviation, t- test and Correlation.
Results revealed that Psychological well- being of meditators was significantly higher (p<0.05) than non-meditators. Further it was observed that significant difference exists in levels of mindfulness between meditators and non- meditators where meditating participants reported substantially higher (p< 0.05) levels of mindfulness particularly on traits of Observation and Awareness. Also a strong positive relationship (r =0.764) exists between level of mindfulness and well- being, implicating that higher level of mindfulness in an individual relates to increased level of self-reported psychological well- being. Findings are in line with other studies evidencing positive impact of meditation on well- being of an individual.