bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial Cu or Zn-MOFs Based on the 1,3,5-Tris-(styryl)benzene Tricarboxylate
Authors: Lelouche Sorraya Najma Kinza , Albentosa-González Laura , Clemente-Casares Pilar , Biglione Catalina , Rodríguez-Diéguez Antonio , Tolosa Barrilero Juan , García-Martínez Joaquín Calixto , Horcajada Patricia
Published: August 2023

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly versatile materials. Here, two novel MOFs, branded as IEF-23 and IEF-24 and based on an antibacterial tricarboxylate linker and zinc or copper cations, and holding antibacterial properties, are presented. The materials were synthesized by the solvothermal route and fully characterized. The antibacterial activity of IEF-23 and IEF-24 was investigated against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli via the agar diffusion method. These bacteria are some of the most broadly propagated pathogens and are more prone to the development of antibacterial resistance. As such, they represent an archetype to evaluate the efficiency of novel antibacterial treatments. MOFs were active against both strains, exhibiting higher activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis. Thus, the potential of the developed MOFs as antibacterial agents was proved.
Impact of Susceptibility on Plant Hormonal Composition during Clubroot Disease Development in Canola (Brassica napus)
Authors: Jayasinghege Charitha P. A. , Ozga Jocelyn A. , Manolii Victor P. , Hwang Sheau-Fang , Strelkov Stephen E.
Published: August 2023

Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, is a soilborne disease of crucifers associated with the formation of large root galls. This root enlargement suggests modulation of plant hormonal networks by the pathogen, stimulating cell division and elongation and influencing host defense. We studied physiological changes in two Brassica napus cultivars, including plant hormone profiles—salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC)—along with their selected derivatives following inoculation with virulent and avirulent P. brassicae pathotypes. In susceptible plants, water uptake declined from the initial appearance of root galls by 21 days after inoculation, but did not have a significant effect on photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, or leaf chlorophyll levels. Nonetheless, a strong increase in ABA levels indicated that hormonal mechanisms were triggered to cope with water stress due to the declining water uptake. The free SA level in the roots increased strongly in resistant interactions, compared with a relatively minor increase during susceptible interactions. The ratio of conjugated SA to free SA was higher in susceptible interactions, indicating that resistant interactions are linked to the plant’s ability to maintain higher levels of bioactive free SA. In contrast, JA and its biologically active form JA-Ile declined up to 7-fold in susceptible interactions, while they were maintained during resistant interactions. The ACC level increased in the roots of inoculated plants by 21 days, irrespective of clubroot susceptibility, indicating a role of ethylene in response to pathogen interactions that is independent of disease severity. IAA levels at early and later infection stages were lower only in susceptible plants, suggesting a modulation of auxin homeostasis by the pathogen relative to the host defense system.
Continuous Assessment of the Environmental Impact and Economic Viability of Decarbonization Improvements in Cement Production
Authors: Oguntola Olurotimi , Simske Steven
Published: August 2023

Growing awareness of the importance of mitigating climate change is driving research efforts toward developing economically viable technologies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The high energy consumption and carbon-intensive nature of cement manufacturing make it worthwhile to examine the environmental and economic characteristics of process improvements in cement production. This study examines the environmental impact of cement production and its economic considerations and demonstrates an IoT-inspired deployment framework for continuously assessing these. It contributes a practical approach to integrating sustainability into cement manufacturing and analyzes four different scenarios from a combination of two cement types (ordinary Portland cement, Portland-limestone cement) and two energy sources for thermal heating (coal, dried biosolids). It indicates that increased production and adoption of blended cement that has up to 15% limestone as an alternative to ordinary Portland cement can significantly reduce climate change effects from cement production (6.4% lower carbon footprint). In addition, significant emission reduction is possible with the use of waste from sewage sludge as a combustion fuel for heating in the cement production process (7.9% reduction compared with baseline). The information on environmental and financial trade-offs helps informed decisions on cement production improvements and can potentially contribute to greenhouse gas reduction targets.
Depth-Dependent Control in Vision-Sensor Space for Reconfigurable Parallel Manipulators
Authors: Franco-López Arturo , Maya Mauro , González Alejandro , Cardenas Antonio , Piovesan Davide
Published: August 2023

In this paper, a control approach for reconfigurable parallel robots is designed. Based on it, controls in the vision-sensor, 3D and joint spaces are designed and implemented in target tracking tasks in a novel reconfigurable delta-type parallel robot. No a priori information about the target trajectory is required. Robot reconfiguration can be used to overcome some of the limitations of parallel robots like small relative workspace or multiple singularities, at the cost of increasing the complexity of the manipulator, making its control design even more challenging. No general control methodology exists for reconfigurable parallel robots. Tracking objects with unknown trajectories is a challenging task required in many applications. Sensor-based robot control has been actively used for this type of task. However, it cannot be straightforwardly extended to reconfigurable parallel manipulators. The developed vision-sensor space control is inspired by, and can be seen as an extension of, the Velocity Linear Camera Model–Camera Space Manipulation (VLCM-CSM) methodology. Several experiments were carried out on a reconfigurable delta-type parallel robot. An average positioning error of 0.6 mm was obtained for static objectives. Tracking errors of 2.5 mm, 3.9 mm and 11.5 mm were obtained for targets moving along a linear trajectory at speeds of 6.5, 9.3 and 12.7 cm/s, respectively. The control cycle time was 16 ms. These results validate the proposed approach and improve upon previous works for non-reconfigurable robots.
Cellular Network Fault Diagnosis Method Based on a Graph Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Amuah Ebenezer Ackah , Wu Mingxiao , Zhu Xiaorong
Published: August 2023

The efficient and accurate diagnosis of faults in cellular networks is crucial for ensuring smooth and uninterrupted communication services. In this paper, we propose an improved 4G/5G network fault diagnosis with a few effective labeled samples. Our solution is a heterogeneous wireless network fault diagnosis algorithm based on Graph Convolutional Neural Network (GCN). First, the common failure types of 4G/5G networks are analyzed, and then the graph structure is constructed with the data in the network parameter, given data sets as nodes and similarities as edges. GCN is used to extract features from the graph data, complete the classification task for nodes, and finally predict the fault types of cells. A large number of experiments are carried out based on the real data set, which is achieved by driving tests. The results show that, compared with a variety of traditional algorithms, the proposed method can effectively improve the performance of network fault diagnosis with a small number of labeled samples.
Informer-Based Temperature Prediction Using Observed and Numerical Weather Prediction Data
Authors: Jun Jimin , Kim Hong Kook
Published: August 2023

This paper proposes an Informer-based temperature prediction model to leverage data from an automatic weather station (AWS) and a local data assimilation and prediction system (LDAPS), where the Informer as a variant of a Transformer was developed to better deal with time series data. Recently, deep-learning-based temperature prediction models have been proposed, demonstrating successful performances, such as conventional neural network (CNN)-based models, bi-directional long short-term memory (BLSTM)-based models, and a combination of both neural networks, CNN–BLSTM. However, these models have encountered issues due to the lack of time data integration during the training phase, which also lead to the persistence of a long-term dependency problem in the LSTM models. These limitations have culminated in a performance deterioration when the prediction time length was extended. To overcome these issues, the proposed model first incorporates time-periodic information into the learning process by generating time-periodic information and inputting it into the model. Second, the proposed model replaces the LSTM with an Informer as an alternative to mitigating the long-term dependency problem. Third, a series of fusion operations between AWS and LDAPS data are executed to examine the effect of each dataset on the temperature prediction performance. The performance of the proposed temperature prediction model is evaluated via objective measures, including the root-mean-square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) over different timeframes, ranging from 6 to 336 h. The experiments showed that the proposed model relatively reduced the average RMSE and MAE by 0.25 °C and 0.203 °C, respectively, compared with the results of the CNN–BLSTM-based model.
Drift-Free Joint Angle Calculation Using Inertial Measurement Units without Magnetometers: An Exploration of Sensor Fusion Methods for the Elbow and Wrist
Authors: Chen Howard , Schall Mark C. , Martin Scott M. , Fethke Nathan B.
Published: August 2023

Joint angles of the lower extremities have been calculated using gyroscope and accelerometer measurements from inertial measurement units (IMUs) without sensor drift by leveraging kinematic constraints. However, it is unknown whether these methods are generalizable to the upper extremity due to differences in motion dynamics. Furthermore, the extent that post-processed sensor fusion algorithms can improve measurement accuracy relative to more commonly used Kalman filter-based methods remains unknown. This study calculated the elbow and wrist joint angles of 13 participants performing a simple ≥30 min material transfer task at three rates (slow, medium, fast) using IMUs and kinematic constraints. The best-performing sensor fusion algorithm produced total root mean square errors (i.e., encompassing all three motion planes) of 6.6°, 3.6°, and 2.0° for the slow, medium, and fast transfer rates for the elbow and 2.2°, 1.7°, and 1.5° for the wrist, respectively.
3D-Printed Graphene Nanoplatelets/Polymer Foams for Low/Medium-Pressure Sensors
Authors: Fortunato Marco , Pacitto Luca , Pesce Nicola , Tamburrano Alessio
Published: August 2023

The increasing interest in wearable devices for health monitoring, illness prevention, and human motion detection has driven research towards developing novel and cost-effective solutions for highly sensitive flexible sensors. The objective of this work is to develop innovative piezoresistive pressure sensors utilizing two types of 3D porous flexible open-cell foams: Grid and triply periodic minimal surface structures. These foams will be produced through a procedure involving the 3D printing of sacrificial templates, followed by infiltration with various low-viscosity polymers, leaching, and ultimately coating the pores with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). Additive manufacturing enables precise control over the shape and dimensions of the structure by manipulating geometric parameters during the design phase. This control extends to the piezoresistive response of the sensors, which is achieved by infiltrating the foams with varying concentrations of a colloidal suspension of GNPs. To examine the morphology of the produced materials, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) is employed, while mechanical and piezoresistive behavior are investigated through quasi-static uniaxial compression tests. The results obtained indicate that the optimized grid-based structure sensors, manufactured using the commercial polymer Solaris, exhibit the highest sensitivity compared to other tested samples. These sensors demonstrate a maximum sensitivity of 0.088 kPa−1 for pressures below 10 kPa, increasing to 0.24 kPa−1 for pressures of 80 kPa. Furthermore, the developed sensors are successfully applied to measure heartbeats both before and after aerobic activity, showcasing their excellent sensitivity within the typical pressure range exerted by the heartbeat, which typically falls between 10 and 20 kPa.
Noninvasive Glucose Sensing In Vivo
Authors: Leung Ho Man Colman , Forlenza Gregory P. , Prioleau Temiloluwa O. , Zhou Xia
Published: August 2023

Blood glucose monitoring is an essential aspect of disease management for individuals with diabetes. Unfortunately, traditional methods require collecting a blood sample and thus are invasive and inconvenient. Recent developments in minimally invasive continuous glucose monitors have provided a more convenient alternative for people with diabetes to track their glucose levels 24/7. Despite this progress, many challenges remain to establish a noninvasive monitoring technique that works accurately and reliably in the wild. This review encompasses the current advancements in noninvasive glucose sensing technology in vivo, delves into the common challenges faced by these systems, and offers an insightful outlook on existing and future solutions.
CNN-LSTM Hybrid Model to Promote Signal Processing of Ultrasonic Guided Lamb Waves for Damage Detection in Metallic Pipelines
Authors: Shang Li , Zhang Zi , Tang Fujian , Cao Qi , Pan Hong , Lin Zhibin
Published: August 2023

The ultrasonic guided lamb wave approach is an effective non-destructive testing (NDT) method used for detecting localized mechanical damage, corrosion, and welding defects in metallic pipelines. The signal processing of guided waves is often challenging due to the complexity of the operational conditions and environment in the pipelines. Machine learning approaches in recent years, including convolutional neural networks (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM), have exhibited their advantages to overcome these challenges for the signal processing and data classification of complex systems, thus showing great potential for damage detection in critical oil/gas pipeline structures. In this study, a CNN-LSTM hybrid model was utilized for decoding ultrasonic guided waves for damage detection in metallic pipelines, and twenty-nine features were extracted as input to classify different types of defects in metallic pipes. The prediction capacity of the CNN-LSTM model was assessed by comparing it to those of CNN and LSTM. The results demonstrated that the CNN-LSTM hybrid model exhibited much higher accuracy, reaching 94.8%, as compared to CNN and LSTM. Interestingly, the results also revealed that predetermined features, including the time, frequency, and time–frequency domains, could significantly improve the robustness of deep learning approaches, even though deep learning approaches are often believed to include automated feature extraction, without hand-crafted steps as in shallow learning. Furthermore, the CNN-LSTM model displayed higher performance when the noise level was relatively low (e.g., SNR = 9 or higher), as compared to the other two models, but its prediction dropped gradually with the increase of the noise.
European Tendencies of Territorialization of Income Conditional Policies to Insertion: Systematic and Narrative Review
Authors: Pinto Ana Filipa , Gonçalves Hermínia
Published: August 2023

(1) Background: ICIP territorialization has been a trend in European countries. Evidence shows that local monitoring is effective in the process of social inclusion; however, territorial differences may cause different results in social and professional trajectories. This systematic and narrative review aims to understand the territorialized elements in income conditional policies to insertion and envisage challenges of national organizations for efficient socio-employment insertion. (2) Methods: Data collection was carried out using Scopus. In addition, a manual search of gray literature by reference authors was used. As a methodology, bibliometric analysis was performed using Vosviewer. (3) Results: The results indicate an increase in the number of publications and citations, especially since 2004. The journals whose articles have the highest citation and co-citation rates belong to the social sciences field. It was possible to detect a strong interconnection between authors, sources, and keywords co-occurrence. The four clusters reveal that the research trends meet the need to restructure the Welfare State, around the new social risks, with the territorialization of the ICIP being a proximity response strategy. Social and professional insertion vary according to territorial cohesion, strong conditionalities with real insertion opportunities and degree of decentralization (4) Conclusions: The degree and effectiveness of ICIP decentralization and socio-employment insertion vary according to the trajectories of European welfare state models and the degree of coverage and generosity of the social protection system. Territorialization tends to reduce the costs of social protection, but these measures remain hostage to different territorial opportunities and real conditions of insertion.
The Concept and Application of Social Capital in Health, Education and Employment: A Scoping Review
Authors: Mishi Syden , Sibanda Kin , Anakpo Godfred
Published: August 2023

The term social capital has been conceptualized and applied in different fields with different controversial connotations and impacts. Due to the variation in the conceptualization and operationalization of the subject, understanding the application of social capital in education, health, and employment remains incomplete. Thus, the purpose of this study is to provide a thorough review of the concept and application of social capital in health, education, and employment using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. Findings from the review reveal that the conceptualization of social capital is multidimensional in each context, with common underlining constructs such as social networks, connections, and a sense of community engagement in all three areas of health, education, and employment. Few reviews in the context of health and education extend social capital conceptualization to include trust, reciprocity, the interlinking of physical structure and social structure, and social cohesion. Furthermore, the conclusive consensus is that social capital leads to positive impacts on health outcomes, though negative outcomes may also be expected through behavioural contagion. The review found a bidirectional relationship between social capital and education. The findings for employment outcomes vary from country to country depending on the methodology used and the strength of social capital, with most studies finding a positive relationship with employment. Additionally, operationalizing social capital may benefit from both quantitative and qualitative methods, therefore, further studies using qualitative approaches to social capital may be especially helpful to understand what social capital means to people. It is also worth noting that the application of social capital is mainly within the context of developed countries; hence, further studies in the context of developing countries on the different types and impacts of social capital are recommended.
Modeling the Urban Freight-Transportation System Using the System Dynamics Approach
Authors: Ghaemi Seyed , Hadji Hosseinlou Mansour
Published: August 2023

The dynamic and complex interactions between the urban freight-transportation system and population, economy, traffic flow, fuel consumption, and environmental pollution, make policymaking in this system one of the fundamental challenges of urban management. In this regard, a systemic approach in urban freight-transportation system modelling should be considered to solve the problems of the system. One of the main problems of this system is the mismatch between the freight-transportation capacity and the total freight-transportation demand. Considering the lack of sufficient studies in the field of macro and quantitative modeling of this system, the main goal of this article is to model the urban freight-transportation system in order to identify the factors affecting the urban freight-transportation demand and capacity. The main focus of the research is to develop quantitative scenarios which balance the freight-transportation capacity and freight-transportation demand. The urban freight-transportation system is modelled by the System Dynamics (SD) approach and their basic behaviors; as well as this the results of some policy-making scenarios are simulated. The model is validated by the real data of Shiraz. Five quantitative scenarios are designed with two approaches of managing the freight-transportation demand and freight-transportation-capacity sectors. The scenarios are based on four control variables, including the distribution coefficient, trip numbers, vehicle capacity, and vehicle numbers. The simulation results show that the total gap between freight-transportation capacity and freight-transportation demand will decrease by optimizing each of the control variables. However, the combined scenario is the most applicable policy in order to maintain the balance between freight-transportation capacity and demand. Generally, the proposed model can be used to design different quantitative scenarios in order to optimize the freight-transportation system’s performance. This study can also help policymakers to manage the urban freight-transportation system more efficiently.
Influence of Chemical Cleaning Procedures and Thermal Oxidation Processes on the Uniformity of MOS Gate Oxides on Abrupt Steps on Silicon Surfaces
Authors: Souza R. , Nogueira W.A. , Dos Santos Filho S.G.
Published: August 2023

This work analyzes the influence of some chemical steps used in standard cleaning recipes on the surface micro-roughness of silicon wafers. The effect of varying the ammonium hydroxide concentration in the NH4OH: H2O2:H2O solution was studied and silicon wafer micro-roughness was characterized by atomic force microscopy technique at different scans of 1µmx1µm. Based on the results, it was possible to point the condition to obtain low surface micro-roughness for NH4OH-based solutions with the lowest NH4OH content before the growth of gate oxides. Following, it silicon-oxide thin films were grown onto periodic rectangular shapes, 100 nm in height, obtained by localized plasma etching on silicon wafer surfaces. Silicon oxides (SiO2), about 4.5 nm thick, were grown in ultrapure dry-O2 or pyrogenic (O2 + H2) environments in order to compare the planar uniformity and the grade of coverage at the step edges of rectangular shapes defined onto silicon surfaces. Pyrogenic and conventional oxidation at 850 oC allowed one to obtain gate oxides on 100 nm-stepped silicon surfaces with high dielectric breakdown field (>10 MV/cm), good planar uniformity and conformal coverage at the step edges. The impact of this result is now the feasibility of fabricating good-quality gate oxides for surrounding gate transistors (SGT’s) and texturized MOS solar cells.
The Relationship of Future Agricultural Extension Educators' Cognitive Styles and Change Strategies for Adult Learners
Authors: Strong Robert , Irani Tracy
Published: August 2023

The study expands reported here Extension education's knowledge regarding characteristics of potential change agents. Graduate students learning to become agricultural Extension educators were studied to determine their definition of a change agent. Participants' cognitive styles were assessed using Kirton's Adaptation-Innovation Inventory to explore if cognitive style influenced preference for and potential usage of diffusion of innovations as a planned change strategy. Findings indicated future Extension practitioners' cognitive styles were associated with the planned change strategy they preferred. This findings could assist Extension professional development specialists in better understanding how to prepare current Extension practitioners to effect behavior change in clients.
Hispanic Consumers' Willingness to Purchase Aquaculture Products Directly from Farmers: Results from a Recent Survey
Authors: Dagupta Siddhartha , Probst Kelly , Wesley Scarlett
Published: August 2023

A survey of Hispanic consumers was conducted in Kentucky to evaluate their willingness to buy fish and crustaceans directly from farms. The data showed that 72% of respondents were willing to travel to farms to buy food products. In addition, 85% of respondents were willing to support vendors bringing food products from farms to their communities. Of various fish and crustaceans cultured in Kentucky, tilapia was the most popular item. Whole fish was the most popular product form. The stated willingness to pay for tilapia suggests that the direct-to-consumer sale of tilapia is a profitable alternative for aquaculture farmers.
Go Wild with Fruits and Veggies: Engaging Children in Nutrition Education and Physical Activity with Animal Characters
Authors: Ofelen Sara , Schroeder Mary , Leines DeeAnn , Yousey Lori
Published: August 2023

The Go Wild with Fruits and Veggies! curriculum incorporates wild animal characters to motivate 3rd-5th grade children to increase fruit and vegetable intake and physical activity. Positive findings from a rural setting regarding a self-reported increase in intake of vegetables (n=1,285) were verified by more intensive evaluation of vegetable intake in an urban setting (n=140) that compared treatment and control groups. No differences in changes in physical activity were noted between groups. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the curriculum based on the use of animal characters to role model positive behaviors and different evaluation methods to corroborate findings.
Pilot Evaluation of an Internet Educational Module for Agricultural Safety
Authors: Schwab Charles , Freeman Steven
Published: August 2023

An important component of the safe operation of agricultural equipment is the ability to read and understand universal symbols. The Internet educational module is designed to help participants recognize these symbols. The impact of using it was evaluated using a field trial study. Assessment consisted of pre- and post-tests. Youth who had access to it averaged an improvement 29 points higher on the post-test than that of the control group. Overall, the Internet learning environment increased participants' ability to recognize universal symbols faster and more accurately. The study serves as a model for supplementing Extension programming with Web-based educational material.
Extension Through Partnerships: Research and Education Center Teams with County Extension to Deliver Programs.
Authors: Mullahey Jeffrey
Published: August 2023

Budget reductions have severely affected resources available to deliver agriculture and natural resource Extension programs in Florida. University of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences delivers Extension programming through a unique partnership between research and education centers and county Extension. Science-based information is shared between the research and education center and county Extension who have similar clientele or stakeholders and organizational missions. Extension agents disseminate cutting-edge research information generated by specialists at the center, and the specialists use county agent input to identify local and regional research problems.
What Do Schools Want? Assessing Elementary School Administrator and Teacher Preferences Related to Nutrition Education Program Scheduling
Authors: Hermann Janice , Parker Stephany , Phelps Josh , Brown Barbara
Published: August 2023

Extension is positioned to provide school-based nutrition education programs as required by the 2004 Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act. To enhance program acceptance and sustainability, it is important to consider school administrators' and teachers' interests and preferences regarding nutrition education programming. The project described here assessed interest in nutrition education, scheduling, and implementation format preferences among 34 elementary school administrators and 45 elementary school teachers. Among administrators and teachers interested in Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service's county educators providing nutrition education programs, the general trend was for in-school student education, consisting of four weekly programs, 30 minutes in length.
Detecting and Addressing Animal Health Concerns of Small Ruminant Producers
Authors: Madden Ford
Published: August 2023

This article provides information that Extension professionals can use to help small ruminant producers to understand the importance of identification and prevention of introduction of disease-causing agents (pathogens) into production systems that can affect harvesting, processing, handling, distribution, and marketing of foods, especially animal-derived food and products. The information provided should enhance small ruminant producers' ability to observe and detect changes in the status of animals' health and address health concerns adequately to improve food safety and food security and reduce current vulnerabilities on their farms while enhancing capabilities for providing much safer and more wholesome animal-derived products for consumers.
Pengelompokan Seleksi Siswa Baru di Lembaga Pendidikan Non Formal Kabupaten Gresik Menggunakan Clustering K-Medoids
Authors: Saurina Nia , Retnawati Lestari , Sukma Pratama Firman Hadi , Pudjianto Udik
Published: August 2023

Non-formal education has different programs according to the current and future needs of society. The course institutions in Gresik Regency are the unofficial educational institutions of the Gresik Regency Education Office which organize programs, namely the SMA Package C Equivalency Education Program, the SMP Package B Equality Education Program and the Sewing Course. The current grouping of new student selection is felt to be less effective because the grouping is based on certificates obtained more than two years ago. This is because most non-formal students drop out of school due to financial constraints. So that the value given to the certificate is not in accordance with the qualifications of students while taking informal education. This study uses the K-Medoids cluster using datasets, namely practical exam scores, final exam scores and interview scores. The data used are students enrolled in package C as high school equivalents as many as 28 students and 32 students enrolled in package B as high school equivalents. The results obtained in this study are educational institutions that can place prospective students at a more accurate value. The Medoid-K clustering procedure for new student clustering requires two iterations to get a total S-distance of 54.594255.
Comparison of the Effective Reproduction Number (Rt) Estimation Methods of COVID-19 Using Simulation Data Based on Available Data from Iran, USA, UK, India, and Brazil
Authors: Karamoozian Ali , Bahrampour Abbas
Published: August 2023

Background: Accurate determination of the effective reproduction number (Rt) is a very important strategy in the epidemiology of contagious diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study compares different methods of estimating the Rt of susceptible population to identify the most accurate method for estimating Rt. Study Design: A secondary study. Methods: The value of Rt was estimated using attack rate (AR), exponential growth (EG), maximum likelihood (ML), time-dependent (TD), and sequential Bayesian (SB) methods, for Iran, the United States, the United Kingdom, India, and Brazil from June to October 2021. In order to accurately compare these methods, a simulation study was designed using forty scenarios. Results: The lowest mean square error (MSE) was observed for TD and ML methods, with 15 and 12 cases, respectively. Therefore, considering the estimated values of Rt based on the TD method, it was found that Rt values in the United Kingdom (1.33; 95% CI: 1.14-1.52) and the United States (1.25; 95% CI: 1.12-1.38) substantially have been more than those in other countries, such as Iran (1.07; 95% CI: 0.95-1.19), India (0.99; 95% CI: 0.89-1.08), and Brazil (0.98; 95% CI: 0.84-1.14) from June to October 2021. Conclusion: The important result of this study is that TD and ML methods lead to a more accurate estimation of Rt of population than other methods. Therefore, in order to monitor and determine the epidemic situation and have a more accurate prediction of the incidence rate, as well as control COVID-19 and similar diseases, the use of these two methods is suggested to more accurately estimate Rt.
Prediction of Helmet Use Behavior among Motorcyclists Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Rezapur-Shahkolai Forouzan , Vesali-Monfared Ehsan , Barati Majid , Tapak Leili
Published: August 2023

Background: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are one of the most critical factors that endanger human health. More specifically, head and neck injuries are the main causes of deaths and disabilities among motorcyclists. This study aimed to investigate the predictive factors of helmet use behavior among motorcyclists based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Study Design: This study followed the cross-sectional design. Methods: This study was conducted on randomly selected 730 motorcyclist employees in Qom, Iran, in 2021. The data collection tool was a self-administered researcher-made questionnaire, including items on demographic characteristics, history of RTIs, and constructs of TPB. Data were analyzed using descriptive summary statistics, analysis of variance, independent samples t test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and structural equation modeling (SEM). Results: In this study, only 9.8% of the participants reported that they always used a helmet while riding a motorcycle. About 60% reported a history of a motorcycle crash, and 11.5% had a history of head injuries. The direct effect of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control on the intention to use a helmet were statistically significant, explaining 59% of the variation in behavioral intention (intention to use a helmet) (R2=0.59). Moreover, perceived behavioral control and behavioral intention had significant effects on helmet use behavior (R2=0.26). Conclusion: The prevalence of helmet use among the studied population was very low. Moreover, TPB was useful in identifying the determinants of behavior and especially behavioral intention of helmet use among motorcyclists.
Business Development Executive Divisi Start-Up Development di PT. Hashmicro Solusi Indonesia
Authors: Yani Anggre Firda , Ghazi Muhammad , Deitiana Tita , Wibowo Satriyo
Published: August 2023

In the era of Globalization 4.0, competition of work field is the world of work is increasingly challenging, where fresh graduates are required to prepare themselves starting from soft skills and hard skills. Therefore, the government provides a place for students by providing opportunities to develop skills to work directly on real projects. Participating in the internship activities, the author gains insight and learns new things. This report contains the author's experience in conducting internships at PT HashMicro Solusi Indonesia as a Business Development Executive with the role of Trainer and Implementation. Author’s job and responsiility are, teaching clients how to use the recruitment system to find the best qualified candidate, reporting if clients have any problem, and checking client’s database for any error that may occur.
E-Learning Content Development as a Training Optimization Effort at PT. Summarecon Agung, Tbk
Authors: Alfaridzi Muhammad Hafizh , Prasetio Arton Briyan , Briliana Vita , Purbasari RR. Niken
Published: August 2023

This report contains the author's activities while participating in Magang Bersertifikat Kampus Merdeka program initiated by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology, the main objective of this program is to provide direct work experience mentored by practitioners who are experts in their fields. In this report, the author will explain about the company, daily activities carried out include training administration and also projects regarding e-learning content development and the learning management system during participation as part of the corporate training division at PT Summarecon Agung Tbk. As a result of this program, the author was able to develop competencies from a technical point of view which includes administration, learning management system operation and e-learning content production for non-technical competencies development which include teamwork, problem solving, communication and adaptability in the workplace.
Irati Filmak: Un proyecto singular en el cine de Euskal Herria
Authors: Roldán Larreta Carlos
Published: August 2023

En 1985 la productora lrati Filmak con el apoyo del Gobierno Vasco inició un proyecto cinematográfico singular en la historia reciente del cine de Euskal Herria: la realización de tres películas basadas en sendas novelas de autores contemporáneos vascos rodadas íntegramente en euskera. Las películas no tuvieron gran difusión debido ante todo a las dificultades de distribución por su corta duración, así que Irati produjo en 1987 Kareletik, obra de similares características pero con una duración más convencional. Pero Kareletik fracasó, precipitando el fin de la aventura de lrati y poniendo de manifiesto las dificultades de supervivencia de la lengua vasca dentro del cine.
Estudios toponímicos vascos (reconstrucción interna)
Authors: Sarkisian Vahan
Published: August 2023

El método de ampliación retrospectiva de los morfemas ha sido aplicado en el Diccionario etimológico ruso, cuyo primer tomo salió hace poco. Este principio se basa en monoptongación de los diptongos en i: ai > i, ei > i, oí > i, ui > i. Y debido a que en estos diptongos la semivocal i- puede proceder de una r- primitiva, los diptongos mencionados requieren las siguientes protoformas respectivas: *ar, *er, *or, *ur. Partiendo de estos fenómenos fonéticos vascos, el autor propone una reconstrucción interna para algunos topónimos vascos, arrojando los resultados siguientes: lzpizte < aizpizte < *ariz-buruiz-te "cabezas de peña", Zibitze < lzpizte < aizpizte < *ariz-buruizte "cabezas de piedra", Bizkara < *buruiz-kara (*buruiz-gara) "cabezas elevadas", Gipuzkoa < gaipuzkoa < *garpuzkoa < *gar-buruz-koa "lugar de cabezas de piedra': Cize < Gaize < Garze < Garazi < *gara-te "lugar de elevación, altura", Muga < mugai < mugain < murgain < murugain < *buru-gain "cabeza elevada".
Primario y secundario en los nombres vascos de los metales
Authors: Pushkariova S. F.
Published: August 2023

El trabajo propone la profundización en el estudio de algunos nombres vascos de metales a partir de la existencia de distintos étimos. Cobre castellano, de cuprum latino referido a Chipre, está presente en la denominación común de este metal en euskera. En un segundo estrato está el léxico de palabras compuestas como burdin-gorri, urre-antz, urraida, etc., y destaca en un tercer nivel la existencia de los núcleos tupiki / topiki y okain como términos originarios. Incluye asimismo la palabra zilar y burdin en el estudio, con muy distinta valoración de étimos autóctonos no sustituidos por palabras extrañas al idioma.

No excluye la posibilidad de que puedan relacionarse las formas antiguas con terminología propia del "hierro meteórico", como ocurre en otras culturas, y más concretamente con elementos de terminología lunar.

Finalmente, la sustitución del léxico propio por el ajeno kobre podría estar relacionada, a juicio de la autora, con la obligada importación de este metal procedente de España; y la conservación uniforme en todos los dialectos vascos del término burdin obedecería, en cambio, a la condición de productor y exportador de este material en la tradición del pueblo vasco.
Información magisterial en la correspondencia de Holmer y Mitxelena (1955-1956)
Authors: Satrústegui José María
Published: August 2023

El momento profesional de Mitxelena en el bienio 1955-1956 que recoge la correspondencia que presentamos está marcado por la conclusión del curso de doctorado y el inicio de la tesis sobre fonética histórica vasca. La Academia de la Lengua Vasca inicia una etapa de relanzamiento, celebra el Congreso de Aránzazu y acuerda la reedición del Diccionario de Azkue encomendando la preparación al lingüista renteriano, quien recibió por entonces el nombramiento de miembro de la prestigiosa Sociedad Lingüística de París. El Profesor Holmer, por su parte, se trasladó a Colombia para estudiar el idioma chocó de los indios, pero afectado de una dolencia tropical, tuvo que regresar a Europa antes de lo previsto. Pasó las navidades de 1956 en el País Vasco.
Planlamada Yeni-Aykırı Mekânsal Araçlar: Kamusallık Perspektifiyle ‘Sosyal Altyapı’
Authors: BENGÜ Devran
Published: August 2023

Kamusal mekanların var olan piyasa paradigmaları çerçevesinde kamusallık değeri göz ardı edilmektedir. Gündelik yaşamda demokratik ortamın korunması için kamusal alanların varlığı temel bir gereksinimdir. Kamusallık değerlerinin hangi farklı fonksiyon mekânları aracılığıyla canlandırılabileceği sorusu önemlidir. Makale demokrasinin ve kamusallığın aşınmasına eleştirel olarak bakmaktadır. Sosyal bilimler perspektifinden yararlanan bir bakış açısıyla şehirciliğe katkı sağlamaktadır. Derleme makale yönteminden yararlanarak farklı disiplinlerde kullanılan kavramların interdisipliner ilişkilendirilmesini yapmaktadır. Kuramsal bir makaledir. Kavramsal ilişkiler üzerinden kamusallığı canlandıran nitelikleri irdeleyerek mekanların değerlendirmesinde kullanılan kalıpların dışına çıkmaya çalışmaktadır. Böylelikle farklı mimari fonksiyon yapılarının da kamusallığın canlanmasında etkili olabileceğine dikkat çekmek istemektedir. Bu çerçevede şehircilik literatüründeki sosyal donatılar bağlamında ele alınan fonksiyon çeşitliliğinin ise farklı tanımlar ile gruplandırılabileceği görüşünü savunmaktadır.

Makale, kamusal mekân bağlamında, kamusallık ile ilişkilendirilebilecek sosyal donatıların nasıl bir sosyal altyapı işlevi görebileceğini sorgulamak üzerinden geliştirilmiştir. Bu bakış açısı, kent planlamasında mekanlara niteliksel tanımlamalar üzerinden bakmayı gerektirmektedir. O yüzden sosyal altyapı kavramının sosyal disiplinlerden gelen tanımlar üzerinden irdelenmesi gerekmiştir. Bu durum, kamusallığı canlandıran potansiyel mekanların tespit edilebilmesi için insan odaklı bir bakış açısının gerekli olmasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Açıklanan kuramsal yaklaşım, iletişimsel rasyonalite perspektifinden planlamaya bakmaktadır. Ayrıca kamusal alanı var eden canlı kamusallık nitelikleri açısından kamusal mekân araçları olarak hangi sosyal altyapı unsurlarına bakılacağı sorusu da önemlidir. Bunun için sosyal altyapı olarak ne tür niteliklerin tanımlanmak istediği önemlidir. Kamusal mekân işlevi gören araçların kamusallığı canlandıran böylelikle kamusal alanları çeşitlendiren nitelikler arz edebilmesi gerekir. Kamusallığı canlandıran niteliklerin nasıl bir sosyal altyapıya ihtiyaç duyduğunun ortaya konulabilmesi için kamusallık ve sosyal altyapı kavramlarının niteliksel ilişkileri irdelenmiştir. Sosyal donatıların kamusal alanı güçlendiren bir sosyal sermayenin gelişimini sağlayan rolleri bağlamında birer sosyal altyapı aracı olarak ele alınabilmeleri mümkündür. Makale bu perspektifle, kamusal mekân kavramının araçsal planlamada ele alındığı sınırların aşılabileceğini ve yeni-aykırı mekânsal araçların da bu bağlamda değerlendirilebileceği fikrini ortaya koymaktadır.
Atividades de Lazer em Jovens e Adultos
Authors: Queiroz Marine Nogueira Gonçalves de , Souza Luciana Karine de
Published: August 2023

O presente trabalho objetiva descrever as atividades de lazer de estudantes universitários, jovens e adultos, de Porto Alegre (RS). A análise das atividades relatadas envolve não apenas um diálogo com a literatura empírica em lazer, mas também com possíveis novos aspectos que possam ser identificados nas respostas coletadas. Pretende-se contribuir para a literatura empírica em lazer com participantes adultos, com dados específicos de uma parte do Brasil e com reflexões para futuros estudos.
Lazer e Processos Educativos
Authors: Silva Robson Amaral da , Gonçalves Junior Luiz
Published: August 2023

O trabalho buscou através de pesquisa com enfoque fenomenológico, modalidade fenômeno situado, compreender os processos educativos presentes na prática social lazer, a partir dos discursos de três gestores de dois clubes de empresas. Na construção dos resultados formaram-se as seguintes categorias: A) Lazer para relaxar e voltar ao trabalho; B) Relacionamento interpessoal no lazer; C) Possibilidades de lazer proporcionadas pela empresa. Sendo assim, pudemos identificar processos educativos de cooperação, atenção às regras, reivindicação, dialogicidade, alienação e possibilidade de conhecimento de uma nova localidade. Estes processos educativos se dão na convivência, através do relacionamento interpessoal durante as interações realizadas nas ações de lazer proporcionadas pelas empresas.
Tempo Livre
Authors: Costa Jean Henrique , Barbosa Raoni Borges , Perinotto André Riani Costa
Published: August 2023

Neste ensaio revisitamos uma problemática básica presente na confluência entre as sociologias do lazer e do trabalho, isto é, de que o tempo livre estaria acorrentado ao tempo de trabalho. Lembramos que são conhecidas as distinções conceituais sobre as atividades liberadas dos tempos do trabalho e as atividades exercidas por prazer no tempo livre. Assim, neste escrito partirmos da premissa crítica de que no atual capitalismo global não podemos isolar as esferas do tempo social cotidiano do tempo social do trabalho. Destacamos a transição do tempo livre de caráter fordista para o tempo livre de caráter toyotista, cuja face neoliberal assumiu uma forma extremamente perversa, conjugando uma agenda sistemática de privatização das instâncias de socialização das tensões e contingências da vida coletiva, de flexibilização dos constrangimentos, de exploração do Trabalho pelo Capital e de desregulação generalizada do Mercado. Direitos Trabalhistas perdidos, desemprego estrutural, instabilidade biográfica e consumismo narcísico parelham a trajetória das massas atomizadas de trabalhadores multi-tarefeiros e proativos, eternamente ocupados e envolvidos em modo full-time. Concluímos, pois, que o tempo livre, sempre inscrito em coerção ideológica, agora é destroçado perante uma sociedade da performance e do cansaço, que não dorme e que está eternamente ocupada.