bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ensuring sustainable human resource management during the COVID-19 pandemic: The case of Lithuanian catering organisations
Authors: Savanevičienė Asta , Salickaitė-Žukauskienė Rūta , Šilingienė Violeta , Bilan Svitlana
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic-induced work challenges have hit the catering organisations particularly hard worldwide. Lockdown suspended business activities, and uncertainty about the future alarmed both catering companies and their employees. The principles of sustainable human resource management (HRM) declared by the organisations have been put to test in critical conditions. The aim of the paper was to reveal the challenges faced by the catering organisations during the COVID-19 pandemic in the field of sustainable HRM and the way they were addressed. Qualitative in-depth interviews with the representatives of Lithuania’s catering service sector responsible for human resource management were carried out in order to explore how sustainable HRM has been ensured in their organisations. The research showed that state support played a critical role, which, especially when faced with the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, was crucial in helping to preserve businesses and to retain employees by ensuring the conditions for continuous sustainable HRM development in the future.
Selected aspects of indirect R&D support in the Czech Republic
Authors: Brabec Zdeněk , Černíková Martina , Hyblerová Šárka
Published: October 2022

Sustainable economic development and current global challenges accentuate businesses’ innovative activities across the size spectrum. Developed countries are looking for ways to support the acceleration of R&D activities. A mix of direct and indirect instruments is used for this purpose. Indirect instruments are implemented in the corporate environment primarily through various tax incentives. A widespread form of tax incentives represents the possibility of reducing the tax base by expenses related to R&D activities. The article analyses the amount and structure of companies in the Czech Republic, which use the deduction for research and development. The research sample includes all companies that filled out their tax returns between 2009 and 2020. The established hypotheses are tested using the methods of descriptive statistics, the Chi-Square test of independence, and the analysis of variance. The research results confirm a statistically significant difference between the average number of companies using deduction for research and development if those companies are classified according to their size. In addition, it was revealed that the number of companies using deduction for research and development has gradually declined since 2015. Furthermore, it was found that the structure of companies using the deduction for research and development changes over time.
Factors determining usage-based insurance acceptance - Poland and Spain results
Authors: Forlicz Maria , Rólczyński Tomasz
Published: October 2022

Usage-based insurance (UBI) is based on the idea that customers who are safer drivers should pay less for a policy than those who are less prudent. It is widely assumed that there is an incentive for insurers to use this technology, as it could make riskier drivers more likely to use non-telematics-based insurers. However, this hypothesis has not been verified empirically. In order to fill this research gap, a study (between December 2021 and March 2022) assessing the relationship between driving style and willingness to purchase a UBI-based policy and the relationship between risk propensity and willingness to purchase a UBI-based policy was conducted. The study, in the form of a questionnaire, was conducted in Poland and Spain. The samples consisted of 181 respondents in Poland and 51 in Spain. It was found that individual driving style was correlated with willingness to accept a UBI-based policy that included discounts and surcharges. It was also shown that propensity to risk influences willingness to purchase a UBI-based policy that offers discounts only to some extent. The study used suitable statistical measures and tests such as a chi-square test, U Mann-Whitney U test and a Kruskal-Wallis test. Results are significant for insurance companies that are going to introduce UBI. They allow shaping the product so that potential customers are interested in buying it, which, as research shows, may bring benefits to both insured and insurance companies.
A new Kalidium species (Amaranthaceae s. l.) from northern Central Asia
Authors: Sukhorukov Alexandr P. , Kushunina Maria A. , Lomonosova Maria N.
Published: October 2022

Kalidium juniperinum Sukhor. et Lomon. is described as a species new to science. It is similar to K. foliatum in having a short leaf blade but differs by the presence of numerous slender, prostrate, or ascending stems forming mats vs. the stout main upright stem; acuminate bracts slightly exceeding the flower cyme vs. obtuse bracts equal to the flower cyme; the exserted pericarp looking like a bulge on the one-seeded diaspore vs. not or slightly elevated top of the diaspore; shorter anthers; the geographic range in the highlands and mountainous steppe zone vs. Eurasian lowland (semi-)desert regions. K. juniperinum is recorded in Russia (West Siberia and Sayan Mountains), Eastern and Northern Kazakhstan, the Mongolian Altai, and NW China. The names K. foliatum α [var.] glomeratum Fenzl and Kalidium foliatum β [var.] brevifolium Fenzl are lectotypified and synonymized with K. juniperinum.
A home office megítélésének és a pandémia hatásának vizsgálata a szisztematikus irodalomelemzés módszerével
Authors: Grozdics Anett Tímea
Published: October 2022

A COVID-19 példátlan emberi és humanitárius kihívásokat hozott. A vállalatok világszerte gyorsan cselekedtek, hogy meg-védjék alkalmazottjaikat, amihez sokhelyütt olyan új munkamódszerre tértek át, mint a távmunka. Egyik napról a másikra rekordszámú munkavállaló kezdett otthonról dolgozni. Ez a radikális változás pedig valószínűleg hosszú távú hatással lesz a munkavégzés hagyományos tereire és módjára. A tanulmány célja a már megjelent élenjáró kutatások megállapításainak feldolgozása olyan szisztematikus szakirodalmi áttekintéssel, amely rámutat a járvány otthoni munkavégzésre gyakorolt hatásaira, azt is keresve, hogy a „new normal” hogyan alakulhat a jövőben. A feldolgozott szakirodalmak alapján megálla-pítható, hogy a home office alkalmazási gyakorisága és elfogadottsága a jelenlegi helyzetben jóval felülmúlja a pandémia előtti időszakét. Az otthonról történő munkavégzés következtében egyes iparágakban a vezetőknek nemcsak a munka-szervezésüket, de munkatereiket is szükséges újragondolniuk. A munkáltatók elsődleges célja, hogy a munkavállalókat biztonságos munkakörnyezetbe tudják visszahívni, az irodai terek kapacitásának optimalizálásával.
The Effectiveness of the Environmentally Friendly Pedestrian Bridge Prototype
Authors: Hendrawan Hendra
Published: October 2022

Pedestrians are road users who are prone to accidents. Several studies related to the effectiveness of providing pedestrian bridges in Indonesia have shown a low level of utilization of pedestrian bridges. This study aims to determine the efficacy of providing an environmentally friendly pedestrian bridge prototype that was built by considering user needs from planning, design, and aesthetic criteria. Data were obtained through field surveys to get information on traffic conditions and bridge users and interviews to obtain information about crossing purposes and perceptions of needs. Statistical analysis of the average difference test was carried out to prevent bias in traffic conditions. Furthermore, descriptive statistical analysis was carried out to determine the effectiveness of providing pedestrian bridges obtained from comparing data processing results with the evaluation table. The results showed that the environmentally friendly Pedestrian Bridge prototype did not guarantee an increase in the number of users. Coercion through law enforcement and the installation of dividing lanes on the lanes can be seen as a solution. However, aesthetic and sustainable design is a necessity.
Fenomena Eskapisme dalam Pembentukan Ruang Sosial Perkotaan
Authors: Prabajati Dewirinanti Hayuning , Iskandar Doddy Aditya
Published: October 2022

Pandemi COVID-19 yang sedang terjadi dewasa ini telah membuka pengalaman baru yang dapat dirasakan di berbagai wilayah perkotaan. Kondisi ini muncul dalam bentuk perasaan ketidaknyamanan dan rasa lelah yang semakin meningkat seiring dengan ditetapkannya kebijakan pengetatan pergerakan dan interaksi sosial oleh Pemerintah Indonesia. Seiring dengan menurunnya kondisi perekonomian di Indonesia, hal ini memicu adanya perasaan ketidakpuasaan di masyarakat untuk menolak kebijakan yang ada yang sebenarnya ditujukan untuk mengatasi efek negatif dari pandemi ini.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap bagaimana produksi ruang sosial terjadi di tengah adanya pandemi COVID-19. Lebih jauh penelitian ini mencoba menguraikan bagaimana kebijakan pengetatan pergerakan menghasilkan fenomena eskapisme yang dalam gilirannya membentuk ruang sosial. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengamati bentuk-bentuk pemanfaatan ruang trotoar untuk pejalan kaki di kawasan jalan Prof. DR. HR. Bunyamin di Kota Purwokerto untuk memahami bagaimana ruang sosial terbentuk. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi lapangan dan telaah atas berbagai laporan dan dokumen. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan metode studi kasus untuk lebih memahami bagaimana ruang sosial terbentuk dan apakah gejala eskapisme ini membentuk dan menghasilkan ruang sosial yang berbeda di kawasan penelitian.Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk-bentuk pemanfaatan di kawasan trotoar selama masa pandemi COVID-19 menggambarkan strategi eskapisme yang sering muncul pada saat krisis terjadi. Pembentukan ruang sosial di trotoar di jalan Prof. DR. HR. Bunyamin menggambarkan adanya tekanan untuk memanfaatkan ruang publik kota sebagai mekanisme untuk melepaskan diri dari pembatasan sosial dan spasial yang hadir dari kebijakan penanganan pandemi. Apa yang ditemukan di dalam penelitian ini mendorong perlunya telaah lanjut mengenai bagaimana pandemi mampu merangsang kemunculan dan pemanfaatan strategi dan pendekatan spesifik dalam pembentukan ruang sosial.
Meridián Celan – Levinas. K topologii setkání skrze zlom (přel. J. Kapičiak – P. Vaškovic)
Authors: Sigov Konstantin
Published: October 2022

Translation of Celan’s and Lévinas’ Meridian. On the Topology of Meeting-Through-a-Caesura by Konstantin Sigov
P. Gregorić – G. Karamanolis (vyd.), Pseudo-Aristotle: De Mundo
Authors: Fulínová Eliška
Published: October 2022

Book review on Pavel Gregorić – George Karamanolis (vyd.) Pseudo-Aristotle: De Mundo (On The Cosmos). A Commentary. Cambridge (Cambridge University Press) 2021, 245 str.
R. Bernet, Force – Pulsion – Désir, M. Kučera, Pud u Feuda
Authors: Puc Jan
Published: October 2022

Book review on R. Bernet, Force – Pulsion – Désir, Paris (Vrin) 2013, 433 str. and M. Kučera, Pud u Feuda, Praha (Karolinum) 2017, 531 str.
Chemical, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic characterization of the GluN2B receptor antagonist 3-(4-phenylbutyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine-1,7-diol – starting point for PET tracer development
Authors: Korff Marvin , Steigerwald Ruben , Bechthold Elena , Schepmann Dirk , Schreiber Julian A. , Meuth Sven G. , Seebohm Guiscard , Wünsch Bernhard
Published: October 2022

GluN2B-NMDA receptors play a key role in several neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. In order to develop novel negative allosteric GluN2B-NMDA receptor modulators, the concept of conformational restriction was pursued, i.e. the flexible aminoethanol substructure of ifenprodil was embedded into a more rigid tetrahydro-3-benzazepine system. The resulting tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-1,7-diol (±)-2 (WMS-1410) showed promising receptor affinity in receptor binding studies (K
i = 84 nM) as well as pharmacological activity in two-electrode-voltage-clamp experiments (IC
50 = 116 nM) and in cytoprotective assays (IC
50 = 18.5 nM). The interactions of (R)-2 with the ifenprodil binding site of GluN2B-NMDA receptors were analyzed on the molecular level and the “foot-in-the-door” mechanism was developed. Due to promising pharmacokinetic parameters (logD7.4 = 1.68, plasma protein binding of 76–77%, sufficient metabolic stability) F-substituted analogs were prepared and evaluated as tracers for positron emission tomography (PET). Both fluorine-18-labeled PET tracers [18F]11 and [18F]15 showed high brain uptake, specific accumulation in regions known for high GluN2B-NMDA receptor expression, but no interactions with σ
1 receptors. Radiometabolites were not observed in the brain. Both PET tracers might be suitable for application in humans.
Challenges of Numerical Simulation Models for Induction Surface Hardening of Large Bearing Rings
Authors: Schöning H. , Kadanik M. , Reich M. , Petersen S. , Kessler O.
Published: October 2022

Induction hardening of large bearing rings is a very challenging procedure due to the complex physical processes and their interactions, which need to be properly controlled to produce components meeting the imposed requirements of e.g. wind turbines. The different process parameters significantly alter the resulting microstructures and properties of such a bearing ring. The evolution of numerical simulations in the last decades allows the modelling of processes with a growing complexity. In this work, the challenges of a simulation model for induction surface hardening are shown and discussed. Besides the theoretical background of the interacting physical fields and a brief note about available software packages, the paper focusses on the elaboration of a necessary material database and on the specific problems of induction scan hardening processes for large bearing rings.
Circumcision in Early Islam
Authors: Carmeli Yehonatan
Published: October 2022

The article asserts that verses 124–130 in the second sūrah of the Qurʾān (al-Baqara/“The Cow”) alludes to the biblical precept (Genesis 17) but presents the practice as a custom that has no special virtues, and certainly not those the Jews ascribed to it. It then claims that circumcision is identified as one of Abraham’s trials, which are mentioned in the Qurʾān and thus part of early Islam, and that this idea did not arise in the Middle Ages.
Singularities at interface corners of piezoelectric-brass unimorphs
Authors: Luangarpa Chonlada , Kanchanomai Chaosuan , Koguchi Hideo
Published: October 2022

In this study, singularity fields at the interface corners of piezoelectric-brass unimorphs are investigated. Two models differing in side surface geometry (step and flat surfaces) are analyzed to study the singularity effect on mechanical (stress–strain) and electrical (electric potential and intensity) behavior. A mixed-mode mechanical boundary condition is applied for analyzing the realistic application of unimorphs, with normal force, shear force, and bending moment as internal forces. The conservative integral together with a three-dimensional finite element analysis is used to determine the intensity of singularity. There are three singularity terms at each vertex and singular line. All singularity terms are investigated in detail. Intensities of the singularities at the vertex and several points located on side surfaces (singular lines) are examined. Results show that the intensities of singularities for mixed-mode conditions differ from that of tensile load conditions. For mixed-mode conditions, the intensity of singularity must be calculated for all singularity terms. In addition, the stress singularity characteristics at the vertex may be described as a function of the singularities along the singular lines. These findings clarify the understanding of singularity at interface corners of piezoelectric-brass unimorphs and may be used as references for developing relevant piezoelectric devices.
The visual representation of space in the primate brain
Authors: Dowiasch Stefan , Kaminiarz Andre , Bremmer Frank
Published: October 2022

One of the major functions of our brain is to process spatial information and to make this information available to our motor systems to interact successfully with the environment. Numerous studies over the past decades and even centuries have investigated, how our central nervous system deals with this challenge. Spatial information can be derived from vision. We see, where the cup of coffee stands at the breakfast table or where the un-mute-button of our video-conference tool is. However, this is always just a snapshot, because the location of the projection of the cup or the un-mute-button shifts across the retina by each eye movement, i.e., 2–3 times per second. So, where exactly in space are objects located? And what signals guide self-motion and navigation through our environment? While also other sensory signals (vestibular, tactile, auditory, even smell) can help us localize objects in space and guide our navigation, here, we will focus on the dominant sense in primates: vision. We will review (i) how visual information is processed to eventually result in space perception, (ii) how this perception is modulated by action, especially eye movements, at the behavioral and at the neural level, and (iii) how spatial representations relate to other encodings of magnitude, i.e., time and number.
On the spectral properties of real antitridiagonal Hankel matrices
Authors: Lita da Silva João
Published: October 2022

In this article, we express the eigenvalues of real antitridiagonal Hankel matrices as the zeros of given rational functions. We still derive eigenvectors for these structured matrices at the expense of prescribed eigenvalues.
Spontaneous Cell Cluster Formation in Human iPSC-Derived Neuronal Spheroid Networks Influences Network Activity
Authors: Hörberg Carl-Johan , Englund Johansson Ulrica , Johansson Fredrik , O’Carroll David
Published: October 2022

Three-dimensional neuronal culture systems such as spheroids, organoids, and assembloids constitute a branch of neuronal tissue engineering that has improved our ability to model the human brain in the laboratory. However, the more elaborate the brain model, the more difficult it becomes to study functional properties such as electrical activity at the neuronal level, similar to the challenges of studying neurophysiologyin vivo. We describe a simple approach to generate self-assembled three-dimensional neuronal spheroid networks with defined human cell composition on microelectrode arrays. Such spheroid networks develop a highly three-dimensional morphology with cell clusters up to 60 μm in thickness and are interconnected by pronounced bundles of neuronal fibers and glial processes. We could reliably record from up to hundreds of neurons simultaneously per culture for ≤90 d. By quantifying the formation of these three-dimensional structures over time, while regularly monitoring electrical activity, we were able to establish a strong link between spheroid morphology and network activity. In particular, the formation of cell clusters accelerates formation and maturation of correlated network activity. Astrocytes both influence electrophysiological network activity as well as accelerate the transition from single cell layers to cluster formation. Higher concentrations of astrocytes also have a strong effect of modulating synchronized network activity. This approach thus represents a practical alternative to often complex and heterogeneous organoids, providing easy access to activity within a brain-like 3D environment.
A Uniform and Isotropic Cytoskeletal Tiling Fills Dendritic Spines
Authors: Eberhardt Florian , Bushong Eric A. , Phan Sébastien , Peltier Steven , Monteagudo-Mesas Pablo , Weinkauf Tino , Herz Andreas V. M. , Stemmler Martin , Ellisman Mark
Published: October 2022

Dendritic spines are submicron, subcellular compartments whose shape is defined by actin filaments and associated proteins. Accurately mapping the cytoskeleton is a challenge, given the small size of its components. It remains unclear whether the actin-associated structures analyzed in dendritic spines of neuronsin vitroapply to dendritic spines of intact, mature neuronsin situ.Here, we combined advanced preparative methods with multitilt serial section electron microscopy (EM) tomography and computational analysis to reveal the full three-dimensional (3D) internal architecture of spines in the intact brains of male mice at nanometer resolution. We compared hippocampal (CA1) pyramidal cells and cerebellar Purkinje cells in terms of the length distribution and connectivity of filaments, their branching-angles and absolute orientations, and the elementary loops formed by the network. Despite differences in shape and size across spines and between spine heads and necks, the internal organization was remarkably similar in both neuron types and largely homogeneous throughout the spine volume. In the tortuous mesh of highly branched and interconnected filaments, branches exhibited no preferred orientation except in the immediate vicinity of the cell membrane. We found that new filaments preferentially split off from the convex side of a bending filament, consistent with the behavior of Arp2/3-mediated branching of actin under mechanical deformation. Based on the quantitative analysis, the spine cytoskeleton is likely subject to considerable mechanical forcein situ.
Circadian Regulation of the Rod Contribution to Mesopic Vision in Mice
Authors: Allen Annette E.
Published: October 2022

At intermediate (mesopic) light levels, rods and cones are both active and can contribute to vision. This presents a challenge to the retina because the visual responses originating with rods and cones are distinct, yet their visual responses must be seamlessly combined. The current study aimed to establish how the circadian clock regulates rod and/or cone vision in these conditions, given the strong time-of-day change in the reliance on each photoreceptor. Visual responses were recorded in the retina and visual thalamus of anaesthetized male mice at distinct circadian time points, and the method of receptor silent substitution was used to selectively stimulate different photoreceptor types. With stimuli designed to only activate rods, responses in the mesopic range were highly rhythmic and peaked in amplitude in the subjective night. This rhythm was abolished following intravitreal injection of the gap junction blocker meclofenamic acid, consistent with a circadian variation in the strength of electrical coupling of photoreceptors. In contrast, responses to stimuli designed to only activate cones were arrhythmic within the mesopic to photopic range when adapted to the background irradiance. The outcome was that combined rod-plus-cone responses showed a stable contrast-response relationship across mesopic-photopic backgrounds in the circadian day, whereas at night, responses were significantly amplified at lower light levels. These data support the idea that the circadian clock is a key regulator of vision, in this case defining the relative amplitude of rod/cone vision across the mesopic transition according to time of day.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAlthough the importance of circadian clocks in regulating vision has been long recognized, less is known about how the clock shapes vision in conditions where both rods and cones are active (mesopic conditions). Here, the novel approach of receptor silent substitution has been applied to trace rod and cone visual responses in mice across the circadian cycle and has identified pronounced rhythms in rod, but not cone, vision. This has the effect of boosting responses in dimmer backgrounds at night at the cost of impaired contrast–response stability across the mesopic to photopic range. Thus, the circadian clock drives anticipatory changes in the relative contribution of rods versus cones to vision, which match the prevailing visual environment.
Shisa7-Dependent Regulation of GABAAReceptor Single-Channel Gating Kinetics
Authors: Castellano David , Wu Kunwei , Keramidas Angelo , Lu Wei
Published: October 2022

GABAAreceptors (GABAARs) mediate the majority of fast inhibitory transmission throughout the brain. Although it is widely known that pore-forming subunits critically determine receptor function, it is unclear whether their single-channel properties are modulated by GABAAR-associated transmembrane proteins. We previously identified Shisa7 as a GABAAR auxiliary subunit that modulates the trafficking, pharmacology, and deactivation properties of these receptors. However, whether Shisa7 also regulates GABAAR single-channel properties has yet to be determined. Here, we performed single-channel recordings of α2β3γ2L GABAARs cotransfected with Shisa7 in HEK293T cells and found that while Shisa7 does not change channel slope conductance, it reduced the frequency of receptor openings. Importantly, Shisa7 modulates GABAAR gating by decreasing the duration and open probability within bursts. Through kinetic analysis of individual dwell time components, activation modeling, and macroscopic simulations, we demonstrate that Shisa7 accelerates GABAAR deactivation by governing the time spent between close and open states during gating. Together, our data provide a mechanistic basis for how Shisa7 controls GABAAR gating and reveal for the first time that GABAAR single-channel properties can be modulated by an auxiliary subunit. These findings shed light on processes that shape the temporal dynamics of GABAergic transmission.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAlthough GABAAreceptor (GABAAR) single-channel properties are largely determined by pore-forming subunits, it remains unknown whether they are also controlled by GABAAR-associated transmembrane proteins. Here, we show that Shisa7, a recently identified GABAAR auxiliary subunit, modulates GABAAR activation by altering single-channel burst kinetics. These results reveal that Shisa7 primarily decreases the duration and open probability of receptor burst activity during gating, leading to accelerated GABAAR deactivation. These experiments are the first to assess the gating properties of GABAARs in the presence of an auxiliary subunit and provides a kinetic basis for how Shisa7 modifies temporal attributes of GABAergic transmission at the single-channel level.
HUBUNGAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR SISWA PADA MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DISCOVERY LEARNING TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN GEOGRAFI DI SMA NEGERI 73 JAKARTA ARTIKEL
Authors: Lestari Dwi Ayu , Suroso Suroso , Suharini Erni
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui tingkat aktivitas belajar siswa pada model discovery learning mata pelajaran geografi di SMA Negeri 73 Jakarta (2) mengetahui hubungan aktivitas belajar menggunakan model discovery learning terhadap prestasi belajar geografi pada siswa di SMA Negeri 73 Jakarta. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 73 Jakarta tahun pelajaran 2016/2017 dengan sampel sejumlah 36 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif persentase dan analisis korelasi product moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa efektivitas belajar siswa dengan menggunakan model discovery learning pada mata pelajaran geografi SMA Negeri 73 Jakarta masuk pada kriteria tinggi dengan rata-rata skor sebesar 39,86. Perolehan ini dapat dilihat dari efektivitas belajar siswa dalam kegiatan stimulation, problem statment, data colletion, data processing, verification, serta aktivitas dalam generalization.
KESIAPSIAGAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM MENGHADAPI BENCANA GUNUNG MERAPI PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI KECAMATAN DUKUN, KABUPATEN MAGELANG
Authors: Sari Diana , Setyaningsih Wahyu
Published: October 2022

Pada bulan November 2020 terjadi letusan Gunung Merapi . Bencana letusan ini berbeda karena terjadi bersamaan dengan wabah Covid-19 sehingga menimbulkan dampak dan kesiapsiagaan yang berbeda di masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dampak bencana letusan Gunung Merapi di masa pandemi Covid-19 pada masyarakat Kecamatan Dukun dan menganalisis kesiapsiagaan masyarakat di Kecamatan Dukun menghadapi bencana Gunung Merapi pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif deskriptif .Teknik sampling dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu statistik deskriptif dan analisis deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa tes, observasi, kuesioner, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dampak yang dialami masyarakat Kecamatan Dukun berupa dampak langsung seperti terganggungnya saluran irigasi dan jaringan internet. Selanjutnya dampak tidak langsung dari bencana seperti terjadinya ketidakstabilan ekonomi yang di alami oleh masyarakat Kecamatan Dukun. Kemudian dampak lanjutan dari bencana yang dialami seperti kesehatan masyarakat menurun adanya rasa trauma, takut, cemas serta adanya hambatan dalam pembangunan jalan, rumah dan sebagainya yang telah direncanakan. Sedangkan kesiapsiagaan masyarakat menghadapi bencana Gunung Merapi dan pandemi Covid-19 memiliki nilai indeks sebesar 86% sehingga masuk ke dalam kategori “Sangat Siap”. Kesiapsiagaan yang dilakukan masyarakat diimbangi dengan penyesuaian diri pada masa pandemi dengan tetap menjaga protokol kesehatan baik di lingkungan rumah atau ketika berada di barak pengungsian. Saran penelitian ini perlu adanya peningkatan kesadaran masyarakat yang terdampak bencana Gunung Merapi terhadap pentingnya memiliki kesiapsiagaan berupa tabungan atau asuransi, latihan simulasi dan keterampilan p3k agar dapat digunakan pada masa darurat ketika terjadi bencana Gunung Merapi di masa mendatang.
KENDALA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DARING BAGI SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN GEOGRAFI DI SMA NEGERI 16 SEMARANG
Authors: Agustin Tika Mauliya , Hariyanto Hariyanto , Suroso Suroso , Sriyono Sriyono
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine the obstacles experienced by students during online learning activities in geography subjects at SMA Negeri 16 Semarang. The population in this study was the social studies class at SMA Negeri 16 Semarang. The sample of this research is class XI IPS 1 with 36 students taken using cluster random sampling technique. Methods of data collection using a questionnaire or questionnaire. The data analysis technique used descriptive statistics. Based on the result of this study, it was found that: online learning activities showed a percentage value of 86% in the poor category. After being researched, it turns out that there are obstacles in digital literacy activities, discussions, evalutions, and learning facilities. Therefore, it can be concluded that online learning activities are not running optimally.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN VIDEO TIKTOK @INFOBMKG DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN GEOGRAFI MATERI MITIGASI BENCANA ALAM DI KELAS XI IPS SMAN 2 BAE KUDUS
Authors: Heristama Andhika Rizqy , Sholeh Muh
Published: October 2022

Tujuan Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) Mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan penggunaan media pembelajaran video TikTok @InfoBMKG, 2) Menganalisis Seberapa besar efektifitas penggunaan media pembelajaran video TikTok @InfoBMKG dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Geografi kelas XI IPS SMAN 2 Bae Kudus. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah teknik purposive sampling, dengan kelas XI IPS 3 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XI IPS 4 sebagai kelas kontrol. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan tes, angket, observsi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif persentase, uji t dan uji n-gain score. Berdasarkan penelitian diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: (1) Pelaksanaan pembelajaran geografi mencakup perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan penilaian pembelajaran. Pada tahap perencanaan meliputi penyusunan silabus, RPP dan pemilahan Video TikTok InfoBMKG. Pada tahap pelaksanaan meliputi aktivitas belajar siswa, pemanfaatan media dan respon siswa. Pada tahap penilaian mencakup penilaian aspek pengetahuan. (2). Analisis uji t menunjukan perbedaan rata-rata hasil belajar di kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05. Analisis n-gain menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai n-gain di kelas ekseprimen mendapat nilai 0,685 berkriteria “Sedang”. Rata rata n-gain di kelas kontrol dengan media power point mendapat nilai 0,153 berkriteria “Rendah”. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran video TikTok @InfoBMKG lebih efektif meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dari pada media power point (PPT).
Real-world application of ATA Guidelines in over 600 aspirated thyroid nodules: is it time to change the size cut-offs for FNA?
Authors: Ioakim Stamatina , Syed Akheel A , Zavros George , Picolos Michalis , Persani Luca , Kyriacou Angelos
Published: October 2022

Background

The 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) Guidelines recommend the following size cut-offs based on sonographic appearances for subjecting nodules to fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy: low risk: 15 mm and intermediate risk and high risk: 10 mm.

Objective

We conducted a ‘real-world’ study evaluating the diagnostic performance of the ATA cut-offs against increased thresholds, in the interest of safely limiting FNAs.

Methods

We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on 604 nodules which were sonographically risk-stratified as per the ATA Guidelines and subsequently subjected to ultrasound-guided FNA. Nodules were cytologically stratified into ‘benign’ (Bethesda class 2) and ‘non-benign’ (Bethesda classes 3–6). We obtained the negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy, FNAs that could be spared, missed ‘non-benign’ cytologies and missed carcinomas on histology, according to the ATA cut-offs compared to higher cut-offs.

Results

In low-risk nodules, the high performance of NPV (≈91%) is unaffected by increasing the cut-off to 25 mm, and accuracy improves by 39.4%; 46.8% of FNAs could be spared at the expense of few missed B3–B6 cytologies (7.9%) and no missed carcinomas. In intermediate-risk nodules, a 15 mm cut-off increases the NPV by 11.3% and accuracy by 40.7%. The spared FNAs approach 50%, while B3–B6 cytologies are minimal, with no missed carcinomas. In high-risk nodules, low NPV (<35%) and accuracy (<46%) were obtained regardless of cut-off. Moreover, the spared FNAs achieved at higher cut-offs involved numerous missed ‘non-benign’ cytologies and carcinomas.

Conclusion

It would be clinically safe to increase the ATA cut-offs for FNA in low-risk nodules to 25 mm and in intermediate-risk nodules to 15 mm.
SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF CROSS-LINKED HYDROGELS BASED ON CHITOSAN AND POLYACRYLAMIDE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13, Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine, NADTOKA O.M. , VIRYCH P.A. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13, Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine, KUTSEVOL N.V. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13, Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
Published: October 2022

The synthesis and physico-chemical properties of chemically cross-linked hydrogels based on polyacrylamide and chitosan, which form interpenetrating polymer networks, are considered in the work. The strategy of obtaining cross-linked networks of both polyacrylamide and polyacrylamide grafted on chitosan by radical polymerization was used. The equilibrium swelling properties, which depend on the pH value of the solution and the composition of the gels, were studied. The chemical structure of the obtained hydrogels was characterized by IR spectroscopy.
DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS WITH DACARBAZINE OF MEDICAL USING BASED ON POLYURETHANE FOAM UREAS
Authors:   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48 Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine, DENISENKO V.D. , ROZHNOVA R.A. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48 Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine, GALATENKO N.A. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48 Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine, NECHAEVA L.Yu. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48 Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine
Published: October 2022

Developed a new composite material with Dacarbazine based on polyurethane foam (PPUS) The content of the drug substance Dacarbazine (DAC) in the composition was 0.5 wt. % and 1.0 wt.%. PPUS was obtained on the basis of a mixture of oligourethane diisocyanates (OUDIC) synthesized on the basis of 2,4-;2,6-toluene diisocyanate and polyoxypropylene glycols (POPG) MM 1002 and MM 2002 in a ratio of 1:1. Comparative physical and mechanical tests were performed. According to the obtained results, PPUS with DAC in the amount of 1 wt.% have physical and mechanical parameters (σ = 7.8, MPa, ε = 100% and σadhesion = 4.5 MPa), that will meet the requirements for replacement implants for ophthalmology. According to the results of IR spectroscopy, the possibility of chemical immobilization of Dacarbazine on the selected polymeric carrier was established. The thermophysical properties of the synthesized PPUS with Dacarbazine by DSC and TGA methods were studied. It was found that the glass transition temperature (Tg) is practically independent of the content of DAC. Tg PPUS with 0.5 wt.% DAC - (minus) 49.70 °C, Tg PPUS with 1.0 wt.% DAC - (minus) 50.09 °C. According to TGA, the obtained materials are characterized by the same heat resistance characteristics and practically do not depend on the content of DAC. The onset temperature of thermal decomposition (To) is in the range (290,96–298,61) °C and is accompanied by a slight weight loss (0.02–0.04 %). The temperature of maximum decomposition rate (Tmax ) is in the range (331.93–333.95) °C. According to the results of the dynamics of Dacarbazine release study from PPUS samples with a DAC content in the composition of 0.5 and 1.0 wt. % found that the composition of PPUS with a content of DAC 1 wt. % have a higher percentage of medicine, which on day 14 is ~ 64 %. The developed PPUS with Dacarbazine are promising materials for use as implants for ophthalmological surgery.
Inventario florístico en áreas de bosque andino de la cordillera central de Colombia (El Peñol, Antioquia)
Authors: Vallejo-Mayo Leidy Yuliana , Rivera-Díaz Orlando
Published: October 2022

Los ecosistemas andinos constituyen uno de los más importantes centros de biodiversidad del mundo, sin embargo, sus coberturas boscosas tienden a desaparecer rápidamente debido a que están sometidas a una fuerte presión antrópica. En este estudio, se caracterizan las angiospermas presentes en los parches de bosque, sus bordes y en zonas de vegetación abierta o potrero de un área andina de la Cordillera Central de Colombia. Entre marzo de 2017 y febrero de 2018 se realizaron recolecciones de material fértil mediante recorridos del área. Se obtuvo información complementaria de colecciones históricas depositadas en herbarios. El material herborizado se depositó en el Herbario Nacional Colombiano (COL). Se registran 431 especies, agrupadas en 92 familias y 239 géneros, se encontraron cinco familias de magnólidas con siete géneros y 29 especies, 18 de monocotiledóneas (66/131) y 69 eudicotiledóneas (166/271). La mayor riqueza a nivel de especies la resentan Orchidaceae (54), Rubiaceae (24), Asteraceae (22), Araceae (22) y Piperaceae (20). Las hierbas terrestres son la forma de vida más numerosa (31,8 %), seguidas por arbustos (26,5 %) y árboles (17,6 %). A pesar de tratarse de áreas rodeadas por actividades productivas, principalmente agropecuarias, se encontraron 30 especies endémicas de Colombia, 170 taxones representan nuevos registros para la vertiente oriental de la Cordillera Central del departamento de Antioquia, dos nuevos registros para el departamento y cuatro nuevas especies.
Líquenes epífitos de los Tepuyes de la cuenca alta del río Nangaritza, cordillera del Cóndor (Ecuador)
Authors: Fernandez-Prado Noelia , Prieto María , Martínez Isabel , Aragón Gregorio
Published: October 2022

Los trópicos albergan la mayor biodiversidad del planeta, pero todavía son zonas inexploradas. Entre estas áreas remotas se encuentran los Tepuyes del Valle de Nangaritza, en la provincia de Zamora Chinchipe, al sureste de Ecuador. Constituyen sistemas montañosos aislados de gran importancia biológica y con altos niveles de endemicidad. Debido a estas características, el objetivo principal del estudio es elaborar el primer catálogo de líquenes epifitos de varios Tepuyes del Valle de Nangaritza. Como resultado de dos expediciones realizadas en los Tepuyes, entre 900 y 2000 m de altitud, se recolectaron aproximadamente 1.000 muestras de líquenes en diferentes hábitats: bosque denso piemontano, bosque denso montano bajo, bosque chaparro y páramo arbustivo atípico. Se identificaron 174 especies, pertenecientes a 57 géneros y 26 familias. De ellas, trece especies son nuevos registros para Sudamérica, 64 para Ecuador y 132 para la provincia de Zamora Chinchipe. Se encontraron nuevos quimiótipos para especies de la familia Cladoniaceae. La forma de crecimiento crustácea fue dominante, con alrededor del 40 % de la riqueza total, siendo Graphidaceae la familia con mayor riqueza (27 especies). Predominaron las especies de líquenes con alga verde como fotobionte, presentando Trenthepholia un gran número de especies (66 especies). Este catálogo es una primera aproximación al conocimiento de la diversidad de líquenes de los Tepuyes del Valle de Nangaritza, donde el alto número de nuevos registros indican la falta de conocimiento de la diversidad asociada a estos bosques tropicales.
Modelos alométricos para estimar biomasa aérea en bosques secundarios montanos del noroccidente de Ecuador
Authors: Ramírez López Jorge Luis , Córdova Perugachi Mario Efraín , Imbaquingo Rosero José Luis , Chagna Avila Eduardo Jaime
Published: October 2022

Las sucesiones tropicales son ambientes de gran importancia por sus funciones ecológicas y extensión. En el Ecuador, los estudios sobre el almacenamiento de carbono de estos ecosistemas son escasos y la mayoría de ecuaciones desarrolladas se  oncentran en zonas húmedas de tierras bajas. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue generar modelos alométricos para la estimación de biomasa aérea de bosques secundarios montanos del noroccidente de Ecuador. Se realizó un inventario forestal en tres áreas de sucesión de 18, 30 y 50 años aproximadamente. Se construyeron modelos alométricos utilizando el diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP) y la altura total (Ht) como variables independientes y se estimó la materia viva y el carbono aéreo acumulado. La variable combinatoria DAP2Ht fue la mejor predictora según los criterios de ajuste y validación. Las ecuaciones desarrolladas mostraron un R2 mayor al 95 %, por lo que son confiables para la estimación de las variables estudiadas. Se determinó que los bosques almacenan 36,56, 70,36 y 156,27 Mg.C.ha-1 respectivamente, siendo el fuste el componente de mayor almacenaje en un intervalo de 65,76 - 73,44 %, mientras que ramas y hojas representan un 20,98 - 25,50 % y 5,58 - 8,74 % del carbono aéreo total respectivamente. Estos modelos podrían aplicarse de manera efectiva en ecosistemas en condiciones ambientales similares.
Effects of foliar biofertilization on the Water Use Efficiency in different varieties of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)
Authors: Huito-Tarquino Luis Eduardo , Garcia-Apaza Emilio , Conde-Viscarra Eva
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a little-known crop in the Bolivian highlands as its response to water use efficiency (WUE) in a Walipini-type greenhouses. Objective. To evaluate the behavior of two varieties of basil and the water use efficiency (WUE) in the application of foliar biofertilizer in a Walipini-type greenhouse. Materials and methods. The experiment was installed at the Ventilla Ecological Farm, in the Central Highlands of Bolivia, with an experimental period of 135 days (July 13 to November 25), 2014. A factorial experiment with two factors (varieties: Nufar F1 and Italian Large Leaf) and two levels of foliar biofertilizer (Biol) was used under a completely randomized block design. Results. Through the WUE, specific leaf area, and net assimilation rate relationship, it was observed that basil had a better development in Walipini-type greenhouse (underground greenhouse) since biomass accumulation was not significantly affected. The results showed that the production of basil in this environment using foliar biofertilizer, Biol, differ mainly by the variety rather than by the doses of Biol, showing that Nufar F1 had better development. Conclusion. A significant relationship was observed between Nufar F1 and Italian large Leaf for biomass weight when applying Biol at two different levels. It shows that there does not necessarily have to be a positive and significant relationship between biomass accumulation and WUE, so it is presumed that basil can develops regularly in Walipini-type greenhouses under semi-arid region conditions.
CTA #25. Design of Ledger Beams (Including Supplement)
Authors:   Concrete Technology Associates
Published: October 2022

Presents a step-by-step approach, with design aids, for evaluation of the design strength of ledger beams, including shear and flexure in the ledge as well as beam shear and torsion. An analytical model and experimental evidence are included. The supplement gives design procedures, examples, and aids for cases where only the required span, loading and beam depth are given.
CTA #28. Precast, Biaxially Prestressed Concrete Bridge Decks
Authors:   Concrete Technology Associates
Published: October 2022

Discusses the development of this deck system for both deck replacement and new construction. Includes connection details based on tests and constructability and performance under load based on a three-plank deck test.
CTA #31.Partial Prestress Techniques
Authors:   Concrete Technology Associates
Published: October 2022

Design of partially prestressed members fabricated with slack strand is discussed. Bulletin compares these members with similar members using reinforcing bars as supplementary reinforcement.
Publicidad para causas sociales: argumentos racionales vs. argumentos emocionales
Authors: Martínez Juan Luis
Published: October 2022

This article analyzes the advertising of social causes promoted by non-governmental organizations from the point of view of the contents of messages. The author proposes certain guidelines and criteria in order to elaborate arguments to reach the target audience and to mold public opinion. Taking into account the nature of NGO and their objectives, the author proposes to apply the logic of relational marketing to the communication strategy of these organizations with the aim of attainings table and satisfactory relationships with their donors. In order to achieve this, the author suggests the use of rational arguments in the consolidation of relations between the organization and its donors, leaving the emotional arguments as a mere tactical resource in order to draw the attention of the audience.
El sentido y la belleza
Authors: Rodero Emma
Published: October 2022

La entonación, entendida como las variaciones tonales del mensaje oral, se confirma como uno de los elementos de la locución más importantes para asegurar el establecimiento de una comunicación efectiva con el oyente. No sólo colabora en la comprensión y asimilación del contenido y del sentido del discurso radiofónico sino que de ella depende el mantenimiento de la atención de la audiencia. Por eso, el artículo, apoyándose en la reflexión teórica y en una prueba experimental, presenta una descripción de las propiedades y características que debe reunir una correcta y agradable entonación para lograr esos objetivos.