bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KIRMIZI PANCAR UNUNUN GLUTENSİZ BİSKÜVİ ÜRETİMİNDE KULLANILMASI
Authors: GÜL Hülya , HAYIT Fatma , ÖZER Bedia , ACUN Sultan
Published: December 2021

Glutensiz unlu mamullerin teknolojik ve beslenme kalitesi genellikle düşüktür. Bu nedenle, formülasyonlarında kullanılmak üzere alternatif katkı maddeleri arayışı halen devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, kırmızı pancar tozu (KPT) çölyak diyetini çeşitlendirmek ve zenginleştirmek için glutensiz bisküvi üretiminde kullanılmıştır. Patates nişastası, mısır nişastası, nohut unu, mısır unu ve pirinç unundan hazırlanan glutensiz un formülasyonuna KPT yer değiştirme prensibine göre %5, 10 ve %15 oranlarında ilave edilmiştir. 100g glutensiz un formülasyonu ile üretilen bisküviler ise kontrol numunesi olarak kullanılmıştır. Kontrolle karşılaştırıldığında, KPT ilaveli glutensiz bisküvilerin daha yüksek diyet lif, kül ve protein içerdiği belirlenmiştir. % 15 oranında KPT eklendiğinde, diyet lifi içeriği % 300 artış göstermiştir. KPT’nin tüm ikame seviyelerindeki glutensiz bisküvi örnekleri, kontrol gruba benzer su aktivitesi, pH ve yağ özellikler göstermiştir. Yayılma oranı, kontrol numunelerine benzer bulunmakla birlikte KPT içeren glutensiz bisküvilerin sertliği önemli ölçüde daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Glutensiz bisküvilerin duyusal değerlendirmesinin sonuçları incelendiğinde KPT ilavesinin bisküvilerde; görünüm, doku, tat, koku ve genel kabul edilebilirlikte önemli bir farka yol açmadığı belirlenmiştir, tüm sonuçlar birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, kabul edilebilir kalitede ve yüksek beslenme özelliğine sahip glutensiz bisküvi üretimi için, formülasyonda %15 oranına kadar KPT kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
GAZİANTEP İLİ YERALTISULARININ HİDROJEOKİMYASAL ÖZELLİKLERİ VE SU KALİTESİ
Authors: ŞENER Şehnaz , ŞENER Erhan , ER Arzu
Published: December 2021

Gaziantep ili içme suyu ihtiyacı genel olarak yeraltısuyu kaynaklarından karşılanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Gaziantep alt havzasının jeolojik ve hidrojeolojik özellikleri ayrıntılı olarak incelenerek yeraltısuyu kaynaklarının hidrojeokimyasal özellikleri ile kirlilik değerlendirmeleri yapılmıştır. Jeolojik birimler hidrojeolojik özelliklerine göre gözenekli geçirimli birim, karstik geçirimli birim, yarı geçirimli birim ve az geçirimli birim olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Alüvyon ve kireçtaşı akiferlerinden maksimum 10 l/sn verim ile yeraltısuyu alınmaktadır. Bölgede sürekli akıma sahip olan Kırkgöz, Aynafar, Karpuzatan ve Akpınar kaynakları içme suyu olarak kullanılan önemli su kaynaklarıdır. Çalışma alanındaki kaynaklardan ve sondaj kuyularından Mayıs (2017) döneminde alınan su örneklerinin kimyasal analiz sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde yeraltısularının Ca-HCO3 ve Ca-Mg-HCO3’lü sular fasiyesinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışma alanındaki su örneklerinin pH değerleri 7.13 – 8.20 arasındadır. EC değerleri ise 405–1154 µS/cm arasında değişmektedir. Ayrıca, G11 ve G18 nolu su örnekleri Fe bakımından, G4, G12 ve G15 nolu su örnekleri ise NO3 bakımından içme suyu limit değerlerinin üzerinde olup içme suyu olarak kullanıma uygun değildir. Yeraltısuları sulama suyu kullanımı bakımından orta-yüksek tuzlu sular sınıfında yer almaktadır. Bölgedeki yeraltısuyu kimyası genel olarak kaya-su etkileşimi ile gelişmekte olup, tarımsal faaliyetlerin sularda nitrat artışına sebep olduğu belirlenmiştir.
AÇIK BİR KAVİTE İÇİNDE DÖNEN SİLİNDİRLE AKTİF AKIŞ KONTROLÜ: ISI TRANSFERİ VE AKIŞ ÖZELLİKLERİNİN SAYISAL İNCELENMESİ
Authors: DALGIÇ İrem , TOKGÖZ Nehir , ÖZALP Coskun
Published: December 2021

Kavite akışı içerisinde dönen adyabatik bir silindir varlığının akış yapısı ve ısı transfer üzerindeki etkisinin incelendiği sayısal bir çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada uzunluk ve derinlik oranı (D/L) 2 olan açık bir kavite içerisine 0.025m çapa sahip adyabatik bir silindir yerleştirilmiştir. Silindir kavite içerisinde 11 farklı konuma yerleştirilmiş ve bu konumlarda 6 farklı dönme hızı tanımlanmıştır. Silindir çapı ile tanımlanan Reynolds sayısı 10000 olarak belirlenmiştir. Isı transfer analizi için kavite duvarlarına 10000 W/m^2 değerinde sabit ısı akısı uygulanmış, sonlu hacimler yöntemi kullanılarak çözümlemeler yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçları kavite içerisinde silindirin kullanılmadığı boş kavite akışı olarak ifade edilmiş olan durum dikkate alınarak incelenmiştir. Boş kavite akışına nispeten silindire farklı konumlarda tanımlanan dönme hızları akış yapısını ve ısı transferini iyileştirici yönde etki sağladığı gözlemlenmiştir.
AĞIRLIKLI TOPLAM MODEL YÖNTEMİ İLE STRATEJİK ÇEVRESEL DEĞERLENDİRMENİN SEKTÖREL PLANLARA ENTEGRASYONU OLANAKLARININ ARAŞTIRILMASI: TURİZM SEKTÖRÜ
Authors: YALÇINKAYA Nermin Merve
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada, Turizm sektörüne SÇD’nin entegrasyonunda, ağırlıklı toplam model uygulanma olanakları incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda, Türkiye’nin turizm sektöründeki sektörel plan kararları incelenmiş, mevcut sorunların çözümünde ve sektörel yapının güçlendirilmesinde, uygulanacak SÇD sistemine yönelik bir araştırma yapılmıştır. SÇD’nin etkin uygulanmasındaki temel şartlardan biri, çevrenin doğal ve kültürel yönden tüm bileşenlerini mümkün olduğunca değerlendirme sürecine dahil edebilmektir. Bu model, farklı başlıklar altında çok sayıda ölçütü değerlendirmeye almaya olanak sağladığından, karar verme süreçlerinde hangi konulara hassasiyetle yaklaşılması gerektiğini netleştirmektedir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, Türkiye için yasal SÇD süreçlerinin sektörel planlara etkin entegrasyonuna yönelik, ülkesel ölçekte kurumsal etkin işleyiş kapsamında analitik araçların önemi ve gerekliliğine dikkat çekilmiştir. Turizm gibi hem mekânsal hem de sosyo-ekonomik planlamanın ağırlıklı olduğu sektörlere SÇD entegrasyonu süreçlerinde, nitelik ve etkinliği destekleyici tekniklerin geliştirilmesi ve uygulama olanaklarının arttırılmasının önemi ve önceliği vurgulanmıştır.
CLASSIFICATION OF APPLE LEAF DISEASES USING THE PROPOSED CONVOLUTION NEURAL NETWORK APPROACH
Authors: ÇETİNER Halit
Published: December 2021

It is difficult to constantly control apple trees in farmland. In case of a disease on tree leaves, the risk of disease transmission to other leaves is high. It is necessary to prevent further deterioration of the plant by performing automatic detection of the disease in the early period. If the disease detection is delayed, the planned production cannot be realized. It is too late if diseases are detected by a farmer or agronomist. In addition, as the agricultural lands grow, the number of experts needed increases accordingly. For these reasons, leaf images of apple trees are grouped into 4 different classes: apple peel, leaf rust, healthy apple and multiple disease states. In the proposed method, noise removal in the images, detection of the relevant area and histogram equalization on the YUV color space are performed. Due to the unbalanced class distribution in the data set used, data augmentation was applied for the minority classes with the SMOTE method. Afterwards, features are extracted using pre-trained network models DenseNet121, DenseNet201, InceptionResNetV2, InceptionV3, ResNet50V2. Extracted features were classified with a CNN-based method developed with an accuracy of 99%.
Web-Based Discussion and Illicit Street Sales of Tapentadol and Oxycodone in Australia: Epidemiological Surveillance Study
Authors: Black Joshua , Margolin Zachary R , Bau Gabrielle , Olson Richard , Iwanicki Janetta L , Dart Richard C
Published: December 2021

Background

Opioid use disorder and its consequences are a persistent public health concern for Australians. Web activity has been used to understand the perception of drug safety and diversion of drugs in contexts outside of Australia. The anonymity of the internet offers several advantages for surveilling and inquiring about specific covert behaviors, such as diversion or discussion of sensitive subjects where traditional surveillance approaches might be limited.

Objective

This study aims to characterize the content of web posts and compare reports of illicit sales of tapentadol and oxycodone from sources originating in Australia. First, post content is evaluated to determine whether internet discussion encourages or discourages proper therapeutic use of the drugs. Second, we hypothesize that tapentadol would have lower street price and fewer illicit sales than oxycodone.

Methods

Web posts originating in Australia between 2017 and 2019 were collected using the Researched Abuse, Diversion, and Addiction-Related Surveillance System Web Monitoring Program. Using a manual coding process, unstructured post content from social media, blogs, and forums was categorized into topics of discussion related to the harms and behaviors that could lead to harm. Illicit sales data in a structured format were collected through a crowdsourcing website between 2016 and 2019 using the Researched Abuse, Diversion, and Addiction-Related Surveillance System StreetRx Program. In total, 2 multivariable regression models assessed the differences in illicit price and number of sales.

Results

A total of 4.7% (28/600) of tapentadol posts discussed an adverse event, whereas 10.27% (95% CI 9.32-11.21) of oxycodone posts discussed this topic. A total of 10% (60/600) of tapentadol posts discussed unsafe use or side effects, whereas 20.17% (95% CI 18.92-21.41) of oxycodone posts discussed unsafe use or side effects. There were 31 illicit sales reports for tapentadol (geometric mean price per milligram: Aus $0.12 [US $0.09]) and 756 illicit sales reports for oxycodone (Aus $1.28 [US $0.91]). Models detected no differences in the street price or number of sales between the drugs when covariates were included, although the potency of the pill significantly predicted the street price (P<.001) and availability predicted the number of sales (P=.03).

Conclusions

Australians searching the web for opinions could judge tapentadol as safer than oxycodone because of the web post content. The illicit sales market for tapentadol was smaller than that of oxycodone, and drug potency and licit availability are likely important factors influencing the illicit market.
The Effectiveness of a Nonguided Mindfulness App on Perceived Stress in a Nonclinical Dutch Population: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kranenburg Leonieke W , Gillis Jamie , Mayer Birgit , Hoogendijk Witte J G
Published: December 2021

Background

Mindfulness has become increasingly popular, and positive outcomes have been reported for mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in reducing stress. These findings make room for innovative perspectives on how MBIs could be applied, for instance through mobile health (mHealth).

Objective

The aim of this study is to investigate whether a nonguided mindfulness mobile app can decrease perceived stress in a nonclinical Dutch population over the course of 8 weeks, with follow-up at 6 months.

Methods

A randomized controlled trial was performed to compare an experimental group that made use of a structured 8-week mHealth mindfulness program and a control group after 8 weeks, with follow-up after 6 months. Participants were recruited via a national television program. The primary outcome measure was perceived stress as measured by the Perceived Stress Scale, secondary outcomes were symptoms of burnout (measured using the visual analog scale [VAS]) and psychological symptoms (measured using the Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire [4DSQ] at follow-up). Outcomes were analyzed using a multilevel regression model.

Results

At baseline, 587 respondents were included. Results showed no postintervention differences between groups for the level of perceived stress. With regard to the secondary outcome measures, the VAS for emotional exhaustion and physical exhaustion showed significantly lower scores for the experimental group after 8 weeks (P=.04 and P=.01, respectively), but not at follow-up. There were no differences between groups for psychological symptoms measured using the 4DSQ.

Conclusions

These findings do not support our hypothesis that using the mindfulness app would reduce stress levels. However, our findings related to diminished exhaustion at 8 weeks are encouraging and require further investigation.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05246800; https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT05246800
Adoption of artificial intelligence in precision matching of donor sperm during assisted reproduction process (Preprint)
Authors: Qiling Wang , weibiao huang
Published: December 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

An artificial intelligence (AI) based sperm donor humanized matching system was launched to meet infertile patients' requirements on personalized physical appearance of the expected sperm donor such as blood type, origin, ethnicity, height, weight, body build, skin color, hair, face shape, nose bridge, eyelids, iris color, lips, etc. Relying on high-speed 5G networks, the AI matching information in an encoded pattern is fed back to patients in real time and ranked according to similarity. To date, the highest similarity is up to 96%. This system can provide high efficiency and accuracy and avoid the drawbacks of previous manual operations which were tedious, slow and error-prone. In addition, the system helps patients carrying genetic mutations (including thalassemia, spinal muscular atrophy) avoid off-springs’ genetic diseases by matching donors who are qualified by further genetic testing. This system sets a good example of the smart medical market which can also play an important role in addressing patients' personalized medical requirements in addition to aiding in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
Cytokines in the blood of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus depending on the level of overweight/obesity (literature review and own data)
Authors: Zak K.P. , Popova V.V. , Orlenko V.L. , Furmanova O.V. , Tronko N.D.
Published: December 2021

The paper analyzes the current literature data and the results of our own researches concerning the state of the cytokine network: pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)1α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α), α- and β-chemokines, including IL-8 and IL-16, as well as adipokines (leptin and adiponectin) in the peripheral blood of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with normal and increased body weight/obesity. It has been shown that patients with T2D are characterized by an increased content of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-17, TNFα), α- and β-chemokines in the peripheral blood, including IL-8 and IL-16, as well as leptin with a decrease in adiponectin content. In lean patients (with body mass index (BMI)<25.5 kg/m2) compared to lean normoglycemic individuals from the control group (BMI<25.5kg/m2), there is a small but significant increase in IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, TNFα and leptin, which, as BMI increases, significantly increases in severe obesity (BMI>30.0kg/m2), especially in obese women (BMI>35.0kg/m2). Similarly, an increase in proinflammatory cytokines is observed in normoglycemic people, but not as significant as in T2D. Less clear data were obtained when during determination of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10, which is explained by a significant polymorphism of their genes, and both protective and compensatory effects on pro-inflammatory cytokine rise. In T2D patients, especially those with obesity, there is an increase in the leptin level and a decrease in the adiponectin content. The severity of the course and the percentage of mortality are closely associated with the BMI of patients. The effectiveness of the fight against an increase in the incidence of T2D should be primarily aimed at preventing obesity, and in case of already developed T2D— at reducing concomitant obesity. The analysis of the data presented also suggests that a sharp increase in the content of pro-inflammatory cytokines (so called cytokine storm) observed in patients with T2D and obesity infected with COVID-19, is a consequence of the summation and potentiation of already existing inflammatory process.
Relation between the vitaminD status and the occurrence and severity of thyroid malignancy
Authors: Nikitiuk L.A. , Yu. Korsak
Published: December 2021

Background. In spite of large volume of data linking vitaminD with cardiovascular morbidity, autoimmunity, cancer, and virtually every organ system, vitaminD and thyroid is a lesser-known aspect of vitaminD in clinical practice. The association between vitaminD deficiency and thyroid cancer is controversial. Some studies have demonstrated that higher serum vitaminD levels might protect against thyroid cancer, whereas others have not, or have even indicated the opposite to to be the case. This review intends to highlight the current literature on the impact of vitaminD status on thyroid cancer. Materials and methods. References for this review were identified through searches of PubMed for articles published to from 2005 to June 2021 using the terms “thyroid cancer” and “vitaminD”. Results. A large volume of medical literature is available from observational studies linking vitaminD with thyroid cancer. Data from interventional studies documenting beneficial effects of vitaminD on thyroid autoimmunity is also available, but lesser than that from observational studies. Short-term high dose oral vitaminD supplementation reduces TPOAb titers. Certain vitaminD receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism have been linked to increased occurrence of autoimmune thyroid disorders. VitaminD deficiency, decreased circulating calcitriol has been linked to increased thyroid cancer. Certain VDR gene polymorphisms have been linked with increased as well as decreased occurrence of thyroid cancer. Data is scant on use of vitaminD and its analogues for treating thyroid cancer. The results suggest that VitaminD deficiency may have value as a negative prognostic indicator in papillary thyroid cancer and that pre-operative laboratory evaluation may be less useful. This is important because VitaminD deficiency is modifiable. Conclusions. In spite of large volume of medical literature from observational studies linking vitaminD with thyroid cancer, meaningful concrete clinical data on impact of vitaminD supplementation on hard clinical end points in these disorders is lacking, and should be the primary area of research in the next decade.
Does all the evidence say that insulin analogues are more effective than human insulins?
Authors: Neborachko M.V. , Phakadze O.G.
Published: December 2021

Currently, a large amount of data has been accumulated to compare recombinant human insulin with insulin analogues, including meta-analyzes of comparative efficacy and safety, as well as cost-effectiveness data and data on the possible carcinogenicity of new products. Insulin treatment is a necessity for some people with diabetes mellitus (DM) due to the need to maintain optimal blood glucose levels. The authors emphasize the need to keep in mind that new insulin drugs are much more expensive, which may limit their use. Factors such as the effectiveness of treatment, its safety, and patient satisfaction should be taken into account when deciding on the choice of therapy, but the cost of treatment cannot be ignored, given that it is usually reimbursable from the budget. In this regard, insulin therapy should be individually selected taking into account the needs of patients, treatment goals, safety, and cost. The authors propose an analysis of these data on the feasibility of using insulin analogues in comparison with recombinant human insulin for patients with type 1 diabetes and patients with type 2 diabetes and their effectiveness in both types of diabetes. A reasonable policy for the use of insulin therapy should be developed based on available clinical data based on comparative studies in different groups of diabetics and comprehensive analysis of economic data. The feasibility of a new drug should be evaluated and regularly reviewed in light of the practical results of its use in clinical practice. It is also necessary to regularly conduct a retrospective economic analysis to assess the pharmacoeconomic benefits. All of these steps should assist decision-makers and regulators in implementing effective national programs to develop new effective insulin procurement systems.
Correction of eating habits in patients with carbohydrate metabolism disorders
Authors: Kravchun N.O. , Dunaeva I.P.
Published: December 2021

The International Diabetes Federation estimates that approximately 10% of the adult population in Ukraine has prediabetes. According to many studies, prediabetes is observed in every second obese patient, and later prediabetes can progress to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, timely detection of early disorders of carbohydrate metabolism is very important, as well as implementation of recommendations for lifestyle changes, the use of modern drugs to prevent type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, increasing attention is drawn to dietary fibers as an integral part of a healthy diet. They help prevent obesity, metabolic syndrome and adverse changes in the gut, and also help increase the population of beneficial bacteria in the gut. That is why nutritionists recommend that obese people include dietary fibers in their diet. One of the most famous dietary fibers is psyllium, which comes from the husk of plantain seeds (Plantago ovata). Numerous studies show that psyllium has a positive effect on the functioning of many organs and systems, including the pancreas, intestines and heart muscle. Psyllium also lowers glucose and cholesterol and is an effective way to lose weight for people who are overweight. Fibolex® plant complex contains dietary fibers (psyllium and natural wheat fibers) and green tea extract. Due to the combined herbal composition, Fibolex® can be used in obese people, patients with prediabetes, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and other metabolic disorders for the correction of eating habits in order to improve carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.
Efficacy of the R(+)-enantiomer of alpha-lipoic acid in clinical practice
Authors: Kravchun N.О. , Dunaieva I.P.
Published: December 2021

The article presents current data from the scientific medical literature on the effective use of the R(+)-enantiomer of α-lipoic acid in various pathological conditions. The authors analyze the literature data on the comparative assessment of the activity of racemic and dextrorotatory forms of thioctic (alpha-lipoic) acid in low back pain, the effect of the R(+)-enantiomer in combination with hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the production of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor α and vascular endothelial growth factor in the healing of chronic ulcers of the lower extremities, as well as the use of R-α-lipoic acid in patients with mild to moderate carpal tunnel syndrome. It should be noted that recently around the world there is a tendency to gradual transition from the course treatment of diabetic neuropathy towards long-term and continuous use of pathogenetic therapies in order to maintain their positive effects. Alpha-lipoic acid is widely used in neurological practice, as evidenced by our data. Also, α-lipoic acid is actively used in gastroenterology in the treatment of chronic liver diseases. Currently, the action of α-lipoic acid is being actively studied in terms of the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. Based on the analyzed data, the authors concluded that it is the R(+)-enantiomer of α-lipoic acid that has a positive biological effect, and treatment with it should be carried out almost constantly, taking breaks in its intake. The duration of R-α-lipoic acid use depends on the specific clinical situation, and given the current personalized approach to treatment, as shown by the analysis of modern medical sources, people with diabetes in a state of decompensation of carbohydrate metabolism should be prescribed it for 6 months continuously with a break of 2 months and repeated courses.
Food for /θɔt/ or /θɑt/?
Authors: Balliro Rosa
Published: December 2021

The English low back vowel merger, where words like caught and cot are pronounced identically, is a well-studied phenomenon. Generally, these studies focus on mergers within given regions, comparing vowels of non-mobile individuals. My research differs in exploring the effects of relocation. I examine pronunciation differences of vowels in differently gendered twins from England who moved to Canada as children. Despite growing up in similar environments, their vowel patterns differ: there is some evidence of merger in the female’s but not the male’s vowels. This suggests that mobility and exposure to a new dialect may affect pronunciation changes but are not the sole factors.
Formulation and Evaluation of Nagarmotha Hair Oil
Authors: Navnath Miss. Patil Shivani
Published: December 2021

Abstract: The Presenace study investigation oil isolation form cyperus rotundus and the chemical composition of essential oil of root's of Cyprus rotundus.In india it's commonly known as nagarmotha.and it belongs to the family cyperacea.the major chemical components of this herb are essential oils.flavonoids, terpenoids, sesauiterpenes, cyproten, cyperene, aselinene, rotundene, valencene, cyperol, gurjunene, transcalamenenene, cad'Alene, cyperoutundone, mustskone, isocyperol, acyperone etc. Reserch studies have shown that it possesses various Pharmacological activity Such as diuretic,carmenative emmenagogue, anthelmintic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-dysentery, anti-rheumatic activities.an extensive review of the ancient traditional literature and madern research revealead that the drug has numerous therapeutic action. Several of which have been established scientifically, which may help the reserchers to set their minds for approaching the utility efficiency and potency of nagarmotha. Keywords: cyperus rotundus, cyprotene flavanoids nagarmotha.
Formulation and Evaluation of Donkey Milk (Energy Drink)
Authors: Sandipan Miss. Kolekar Aparna
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Milk is one of the most common causes of food allergies among children under one year of age. No specific therapy exists for this allergy, and thus the only feasible response is to avoid assumption of milk and derived products. Studies conducted on the serum of children with hypersensi-tivity to milk have shown that caseins are the proteins with the greater allergenic potential. However, in some cases, children have also shown hypersensitivity to the β-lactoglobulines and to the α-lactal- bumins. When food intolerance is diagnosed in an infant, it is often necessary to impose a period of total parenteral feeding, followed by breast feeding, considered the most correct method of re-feeding. When human milk can not be given, alternative food sources must be sought. Clinical studies have demonstrated that donkey milk could substitute breast feeding in infants affected by severe Ig-E me- diated milk allergies. In these subjects, donkey milk is not only useful, but also safer than other types of milk. In fact donkey milk composition in lipids (high levels of linoleic and linolenic acid) and pro-teins (low caseins content) is very close to human milk. Lysozyme content in donkey milk resulted to be very high (mean value 1.0 mg/ml) if compared to bovine (traces), caprine (traces) and human milk. The high lysozyme content of donkey milk may be responsible of the low bacterial count reported in literature and also makes this milk suitable to prevent intestine infections to infants. Among seropro-teins, β-lactoglobulin and α-lactalbumin content in donkey milk was respectively 3.75 and 1.80 mg/ml and remained substancially the same during the different stages of lactation. Keywords: Donkey milk, Milk quality, Milk chemical compositions, antibacterial activity, bioactivity, health benefits , therapeutic.
THREE-DIMENSIONAL COMPUTER MODEL OF THE SHADRINSKY CATHEDRAL
Authors:   IGOR NIKOLAEVICH VERGUN Amur State University, VERGUN IGOR NIKOLAEVICH , SPICIN SERGEI SERGEEVICH ,   SERGEI SERGEEVICH SPICIN Amur State University
Published: December 2021

The article provides historical information about the simulated object and considers the creation of a computer model of the Shadrinsky Cathedral in free computer graphics software with a demonstration of intermediate stages.
MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF FERNETOELECTRIC POLARIZATION CHARACTERISTICS DESCRIBED WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE LANDAU - GINZBURG - DEVONSHIER THEORY
Authors:   LUBOV IGOREVNA MOROZ Amur State University, MOROZ LUBOV IGOREVNA , MASLOVSKAYA ANNA GENNADIEVNA ,   Anna Gennadievna Maslovskaya Amur State University
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the overview and implementation of mathematical models of ferroelectric polarization characteristics within the framework of the Landau - Ginzburg theory. Mathematical models of polarization switching in ferroelectrics are formalized by means of several types of differential problems. Based on difference methods the computational schemes are constructed for various modifications of the Landau - Khalatnikov model. Numerical simulation of the polarization hysteresis in ferroelectrics with the first-order phase transition is performed. The computational results obtained in Matlab are compared with the experimental data.
TRENDS IN THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROCESSES OF CONSUMPTION OF PLATINUM GROUP METALS
Authors:   SERGEY ALEXSANDROVICH MYASOEDOV Amur State University, MYASOEDOV SERGEY ALEXSANDROVICH
Published: December 2021

The paper substantiates and groups the main directions of consumption in the world of platinum group metals; identifies and summarizes the main instruments of state industrial policy in the field of subsoil use. In the course of the study, it was revealed that the Russian Federation does not fully use the tools to protect national interests in the system of extraction and processing of platinum group metals. The main guideline of state policy should be the creation of vertically integrated organizations in this area and the formation of high-tech facilities and industries that ensure the full consumption of extracted platinoids by the industry of the Russian Federation.
BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT IN THE REGION AND FACTORS OF ITS FORMATION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE AMUR REGION)
Authors:   OLGA SERGEEVNA KOLESNIKOVA Amur State University, KOLESNIKOVA OLGA SERGEEVNA
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes approaches to the interpretation of the definition of an entrepreneurial environment. A grouping of factors influencing the business environment at the regional level is made. It has been established that in the Amur Region there are significant incentives for the development of the shadow economy, which, in turn, has a negative impact on the sustainability of small business development in the official sector of the regional economy.
Prevention of COVID-19 Through Optimization of Tabi’at: A Unani Medicine’s Perspective
Authors: Saleem Sahar , Saleem Sony , Jabeen Farkhunda , Shamim Shazia S. , Bano Uzma
Published: December 2021

Background: Unani System of Medicine (USM) is one of the traditional systems of medicine practiced in India and the Indian subcontinent. It is a holistic system of health care based on inceptive principles applied by Hippocrates, Galen, and Ibn-e-Sina, the founders of present-day medicine. USM encompasses a distinct way of looking at the human body and it considers health to be the result of natural dynamic harmonious balance within the body. USM also recognizes the presence of inherent wisdom which is responsible for controlling all physiological functions, maintenance of health, restoration of health, and self-healing. This intrinsic ability of the body to restore health and the mechanism that activates the body’s healing process is called Tabi’at/ physis. The ultimate goal of prevention of disease can be obtained by optimization of tabi’at/physis, increasing the host defense. It can be achieved through the implication of asbab-e-sitta zarooriyah which includes some Unani Regimenal Therapies also, fostering change in lifestyle habits resulting in good health.

Aims: In this raging pandemic all the therapeutic strategies are based on destroying the agent, breaking the means of transmission and immunization. Although we are leaving behind a huge gap in maintaining the host defense even though it has a crucial role in disease dynamics. In this paper, we have attempted to highlight the concept of tabi’at/Physis and its optimization to prevent this disease and its transmission.

Methods: The authors had gone through classical Unani medical textbooks books related to the concept of tabi’at, asbab-e-sitta zarooriyah, and various modalities that help in health promotion and host defense. Important Unani medicine textbooks like Al Qanoon, Kamilus Sana’at, Kitab-al- Hawi, Al-asbab wa Alamat, Moalijat Buqratiya, Firdausul Hikmat and Kitabul Mansuri in addition to other published literature on the concerned subject was also reviewed for further clarification on the topic.

Keywords: Unani System of Medicine, Tabi’at (physis), Host defense & Asbab-e- Sitta zarooriyah
Assessment of Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Healthcare Students during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Mahendra Kumar R , Reenal Naik R , Kukarni Rahul , Nyamagoud Sanatkumar
Published: December 2021

Background: A Corona virus pandemic now has had a huge impact on quality of life all around the world. People's mental health has been affected by quarantine. The economic delays could have long term impacts on the psychology of students as they are more likely to be graduated later than they have expected. The number of factors contributed to gravitate the psychological disturbances including online education, financial worries and academic pressure.

Aims and Objectives: This Study was to determine the level of Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Students during COVID-19 Pandemic. Furthermore, to see if there's a correlation between demographic profile and the DASS-21.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the healthcare students using DASS-21 which included a conventional DASS questionnaire along with demographic characteristics. A Google form link was shared through social media-WhatsApp and E-mail and data was collected and analyzed using excel sheet to examine the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress among students.

Results: The study enrolled a total of 303 students. The prevalence of moderate depression, anxiety, and stress was found to be 37.9%, 337.9%, 34.9% and 33%, respectively. Males were represented up to 54.13 percent of the population, while females accounted for 45.87 percent. Female responders were more likely than their male counterparts to experience depression and anxiety, whereas stress levels were found to be comparable in both genders.

Conclusion: The average scores of depression, anxiety, and stress in this study were significantly high. Depression, anxiety, and stress are now all associated with a variety of causes. Students develop depression and anxiety as a result of a lack of academic and social life. Students may be stressed due to a lack of exercise and economic difficulties.

Keywords: Depression, DASS-21, Mental Health, Pandemic, Students, Social Life
Formulation and Evaluation of Cefaclor Extended-Release Tablet
Authors: Likhariya Manoj , Trivedi Dipali , Bhadoria Juhi , Modi Amit
Published: December 2021

Over past 30 years as the expanse and complication involved in marketing new drug entities have increased, with concomitant recognition of the therapeutic advantages of controlled drug delivery, greater attention has been focused on development of extended or controlled release drug delivery systems.

In the present research work an attempt has been made to optimize, formulate and characterize extended-release tablet of Cefaclor. The preformulation studies were performed for the drug (e.g., physico-chemical properties, melting point, solubility etc.). The drug had shown the results under standard specifications. UV spectroscopic analytical method was also performed for quantitative determinations by plotting standard curve. Before this the pure drug was also scanned for the ƛ max value at different concentrations.

The pre-compressions parameters and the post compression parameters for the nine formulated tablets were performed. The drug release study of the selected formulations EF3, EF6 and EF9 was performed as those formulations has shown the results within pharmacopoeia limits. The Formulation EF9 was then taken for release kinetic study as it has shown best results among the other three formulations. So, it confirms the drug release by Higuchi diffusion mechanism. From the results, conclusion can be drawn that the formulation consisting 10-12% concentration of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose K4-M with 1% microcrystalline cellulose and 25% of lactose are considered as ideal for the optimized extended-release tablet formulation for Cefaclor.

Keywords: Extended release, Cefaclor, Higuchi diffusion mechanism, PBP, bacterial cell wall synthesis.
A Comparative Study on Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potentials of Methanol Extract of Jatropha curcas Seeds and Leaves
Authors: Sulaimon Lateef Adegboyega , Ola-Mudathir Fausat Kikelomo , Abdullahi Bunyamin Alhassan , Mukhtar Ahmad Ila , Obuotor Efere Martins
Published: December 2021

Many medicinal plants have been reported to exhibit protective effects against many physiological diseases as a result of their phytochemical components which are effective antioxidants. This study was aimed at comparing the phenolic and flavonoids contents, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of methanol extract of Jatropha curcas seeds and leaves. The cytotoxicity level of J. curcas was assessed using the brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT). The antioxidant activity was determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), nitric oxide scavenging activities, 2, 2’-azino-bis-(3 ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) + scavenging activities and total antioxidant capacity. The total flavonoids and total phenols content (TPC) were carried out using aluminum chloride and Folin-Ciocalteu assay respectively. The results showed that J. curcas leaves have significant higher phenolic and flavonoids contents than the seeds. The total antioxidant capacity and FRAP were also significantly higher in the leaves than the seeds of J. curcas. Furthermore, the DPPH, ABTS and Nitric oxide scavenging activities were significantly higher in the leaves than the seeds. The J. curcas leaves have a higher LD50 than the seeds.  In conclusion, this study suggests the antioxidant potency as well as the safety of the crude methanol extract of the leaves of J. curcas over the seeds.

Keywords:  Jatropha curcas, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, flavonoids, brine shrimp lethality test, total phenolic compounds
Opportunities and Challenges for Field Experiment Equipment
Authors: Shang Sh. , Wang J.
Published: December 2021

Modern seed industry development could contribute up to 40 percent to increase agricultural production and effi ciency. Mechanization of fi eld experiments is an important means to improve the effi ciency and precision of fi eld breeding experiments. There is a big gap in the mechanization level and development of fi eld experiments in diff erent countries of the world. The International Association on Mechanization of Field Experiments established in 1964 has played a great role in promoting the development of fi eld experiment mechanization in the world. At present, the advanced fi eld experiment equipment is mainly concentrated in international manufacturers such as Wintersteiger in Austria, Almaco in the United States, Haldrup and Zürn in Germany. As a great agricultural country, China’s demand for rice and maize seeds, the major food crops in the last 10 years, is about 250 million kilograms and 1.15 billion kilograms, respectively. A large amount of demand for seeds prompted China’s fi eld experiment mechanization that has made great progress. The research team of Qingdao Agricultural University has developed 16 types of new plot planters and plot harvesters which have been popularized and applied in China. But diff erent crops, planting patterns and regional characteristics put forward higher requirements for adaptability of fi eld experiment equipment. The precision of the seeder, the cleaning performance of the seeding and harvesting equipment and the intelligent technology of the equipment need to be further improved. In future development, more attention should be paid to the integration of modern information technology and intelligent technology into fi eld test equipment, to improve operational effi ciency and accuracy.
Analysis and Solutions to Environmental Problems in Livestock Farming
Authors: Bryukhanov A. Yu. , Popov V. D. , Vasilev E. V. , Shalavina E. V. , Uvarov R. A.
Published: December 2021

The intensifi cation of agricultural production has led to the disruption of nutrient cycles in agroecosystems. In livestock farming, one of the key problems is the low degree of using secondary resources (organic fertilizers based on manure and manure). (Research purpose) To substantiate the basic principles of assessing the agroecosystem environmental sustainability and to develop engineering methods for ensuring environmental safety in livestock farming. (Materials and methods) To solve the problems of agroecological assessment, eff ective technology choice and intelligent system creation, the following indicators were used: 1. specifi c density of animals (mainly for macro-assessment); 2. nutrient balance (the diff erence in the amount of nitrogen available in the formed organic fertilizers with environmentally safe consumption); 3. nitrogen losses during the disposal of organic waste from livestock farming; 4.the eff ectiveness of implementing the best available techniques (BAT). (Results and discussion) Using the assessment of indicators 1 and 2 in the case of the Leningrad region, it was revealed that 3 districts are classifi ed as territories with an excessive risk to the environment, 1 district is classifi ed as a territory with a high risk, 5 districts – with an acceptable risk, and 8 districts – with a low risk to the environment. To solve problems in areas with excessive and high load, we conducted an assessment on indicators 3 and 4, which allowed us to explore technical solutions and select the BAT to reduce the environmental burden. The obtained results showed that among the main technical solutions in the fi eld of organic waste management of livestock farming are biofermentation and the introduction of liquid organic fertilizers. Biofermentation in special chambers can reduce emissions of polluting gases by more than 2 times, and speed up the processing process by more than 60 times. To work with liquid organic fertilizers, intelligent machines with low-emission working bodies have been developed to reduce nitrogen losses during application by up to 50 percent. To solve the problems of agricultural monitoring and engineering solution management, a digital system has been developed that allows to model scenarios of technological development and their impact on the agroecosystem environmental sustainability. (Conclusions) The results obtained allow us to systematically analyze the problems of agroecosystem environmental sustainability and propose specifi c technical and optimization solutions for livestock farming.
Classification and Volume Coordination Tasks of Organization Activity and Behavior
Authors: Merkulov V. M.
Published: December 2021

Based on the process approach, the article classifes the types of coordination tasks of different complexity and forms. Factors of inﬂuence on labor intensity of coordination tasks of activities and behavior are identifed. It is proposed to group factors of inﬂuence on the standard of manageability in connection with the solution of coordination tasks. The need and composition of the tasks of using informal relations and structure in coordination are justifed.
Implementation of the National Project «Labor Productivity and Employment Support» in the Perm Region: Facts, Problems, Prospects
Authors: Alexandrova T. V. , Popov V. L.
Published: December 2021

In the context of the reorientation of the Russian economy towards an innovative development path, the issue of increasing labor productivity has become an important part of state policy.

Currently, the country is implementing a large-scale national project «Labor productivity and employment support». The implementation of the project approach to managing labor productivity for the Russian economy is of strategic priority, since its application helps to increase the efficiency of resource use, realize the goals of modernizing production, and stimulate innovation and export activities of domestic enterprises.

The aim of the study is to consider the regional aspect of the implementation of the priority national project «Labor productivity and employment support» on the example of the Perm region. The methodological basis of the study are comparative, statistical and expert methods.

The paper analyzes the implementation of the national project «Labor productivity and employment support» in the Perm region; presents the actual results of the project; formulates problems in the implementation of project activities; identifies the prospects of the Perm region in the context of setting higher targets for the regional project «Labor productivity and employment support» in comparison with the figures for Russia as a whole.

The materials outlined in this article can deepen knowledge about the specifics of the implementation of the priority national project «Labor productivity and employment support» at the regional level, as well as be used to adjust the course implementation of a regional project aimed at improving productivity in the Perm region.
Evaluación técnica del potencial cementante de arcillas provenientes de los residuos de la construcción y la demolición
Authors: Mejía-Barrera Carlos Alberto , Sierra-Arango Luis Javier , Arboleda-López Sergio Andrés , Zuluaga-de los Ríos Ubany de Jesús
Published: December 2021

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo evaluar técnicamente el potencial cementante de arcillas provenientes de residuos de construcción y demolición (RCD), de ladrillo cerámico, baldosa cerámica y aparatos sanitarios en relación con el metacaolín, sustituyendo parcialmente el cemento Pórtland por cada uno de los materiales provenientes de los RCD. Inicialmente se obtuvieron los RCD y se sometieron a trituración primaria y secundaria con el fin de reducir su tamaño; luego a una trituración más fina hasta obtener un polvo con granulometría similar al del cemento tipo Pórtland. En la preparación de la matriz cementante, el cemento se sustituyó gradualmente por las arcillas provenientes de los RCD y del metacaolín, hasta encontrar mezclas con mejor desempeño mecánico al esfuerzo de compresión, lo anterior de acuerdo con la norma técnica colombiana NTC 220; posteriormente se le adicionó arena normalizada con el fin de preparar cilindros de concreto. Por último, utilizando las sustituciones parciales de arcillas por cemento Pórtland como material cementante, estas fueron sometidas a ensayos de petrografía y a fluorescencia y difracción de rayos X. En dichos ensayos se encontraron sustancias químicas similares, como portlandita y calcita que pueden representar, una vez sea posible identificar las fases cementantes de los materiales utilizados, un potencial agente cementante de las arcillas de baldosa cerámica y aparatos sanitarios provenientes de los RCD. Finalmente se pudo establecer que las arcillas provenientes de los RCD pueden ser útiles como relleno para mejorar las propiedades mecánicas del concreto o como agregados en morteros, revoques o enlucidos.