bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUASI PENERAPAN KRITERIA GREEN AND SMART BUILDING PADA PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG KANTOR PT. INALUM (PERSERO)
Authors: Muhammad Fadel Andika  , Fadhil Putra Noviadi  , Darman Ferianto Saragih
Published: August 2021

Konsekuensi dari proses pembangunan, operasi dan pemeliharaan sebuah gedung adalah penggunaan sumber daya alam, energi serta dihasilkannya limbah yang dapat mengganggu harmonisasi alam. Salah satu upaya yang dapat di lakukan untuk menangani kondisi tersebut adalah konsep penerapan Green and Smart Building. Berdirinya lembaga Green Building Council (GBC) Indonesia yang merupakan upaya pemerintah dalam menggalakkan konsep bangunan gedung ramah lingkungan yang mampu mengatasi dampak pembangunan. Pada tugas akhir ini dilakukan penialian kriteria Green and Smart Building pada gedung kantor PT. INALUM (Persero) yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauhmana tingkat keberhasilan penerapan Green and Smart Building pada proyek pembangunan gedung kantor PT. INALUM (Persero). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan wawancara serta pengumpulan data sekunder dari pihak perencana dan pelaksana meliputi gambar rencana, dokumen perencanaan, dokumen AMDAL (Analisa Mengenai Dampak Lingkungan), RKS (Rencana Kerja Syarat-syarat) yang kemudian dilakukan analisis komparatif untuk membandingkan antara data yang didapatkan dengan standart penilaian Greenship untuk Bangunan Baru Versi 1.2.  Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, didapatkan indeks nilai penilaian Green Building pada gedung kantor PT. INALUM (Persero), total poin yang diperoleh sebesar 66 poin dari tolal 101 poin maksimal dan memperoleh persentase sebesar 65,35 %. Berdasarkan tingkat predikat Greenship, Gedung Kantor PT. INALUM (Persero) memperoleh predikat emas.
PERBANDINGAN RISIKO YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP KINERJA PADA PROYEK BANGUNAN HOTEL DAN PROYEK JALAN TOL
Authors: Karo Sekali Kishin Edo Permula , M. Fadel Andika  , Kusumadi
Published: August 2021

Dengan adanya proyek yang sedang berjalan di balige dan parapat menimbulkan risiko berakibat tinggi bagi proyek maupun lingkungan sekitar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahi faktor – faktor risiko, tingkat risiko, hingga penanganan yang akan dilakukan, terhadap faktor risiko yang dominan. Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan melakukan penyebaran kuesioner di proyek Hotel  Labersa Balige dan proyek Jalan Tol Tebing Tinggi – Parapat. Masing – masing terdiri dari pihak kontraktor, manajemen konstruksi, subkontraktor, mandor dan security. Langkah yang dilakukan dengan identifikasi risiko, dan analisis risiko, yang kemudian diolah menggunakan program aplikasi SPSS V.25. Syarat data valid dan reliabel adalah nilai validitas rhitung>rtabel dan nilai cronbach’s alph >rtabel. Setelah itu, risiko akan dikategorikan berdasarkan nilai Severity Index dan untuk mengetahui tingkat risiko digunakan peta profil risiko. Berdasarkan pengolahan data, pada proyek pembangunan Hotel Labersa Balige terdapat 1 faktor risiko yang paling berpengaruh terhadap pekerjaan pembangunan dengan nilai 82,67% terhadap probabilitas dan nilai 44,00% terhadap dampak sedangkan pada proyek Jalan Tol Tebing Tinggi – Parapat terdapat terdapat 2 faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap pekerjaan pembangunan yang pertama dengan nilai 81,76% terhadap probabilitas dan nilai 84,71% terhadap dampak dan yang kedua dengan nilai 81,76% terhadap probabilitas dan nilai 80,00% terhadap dampak .
Ahmet Ümit’in Kırlangıç Çığlığı Adlı Romanında Göç ve Mülteci Meselesi
Authors: ERGEÇ Zehra
Published: August 2021

Ahmet Ümit’in (1960 -…) Kırlangıç Çığlığı (2018) adlı romanı, polisiye özellikte olmasına rağmen çeşitli sosyal meseleleri de bünyesinde barındırır. Romanda, göçmenlere ve mültecilere dair konuların önemli bir yer tuttuğu gözlemlenir. Çalışmada, Ahmet Ümit’in Kırlangıç Çığlığı adlı romanındaki mülteci, göç ve göçmen konularının işleniş biçimini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Yazar bu eserinde, Suriye’deki iç savaştan kaçıp Türkiye’ye sığınan mültecilerin yaşamlarını gözler önüne serer. Suriyeli göçmenlerin çaresizliğini, yaşadıkları dramlar ve acıları konu edinir. Ayber, Azez, Bercis, Cabir, Fahhar el Kutubi, Medeni, adlı karakterler aracılığıyla göçmenlerin baş etmek zorunda kaldıkları sıkıntıları aktarır. Göçmenler üzerinden yapılan yasa dışı organ ticaretini çarpıcı bir biçimde anlatır. Organ mafyasının göçmenlerin çaresizliğinden faydalanarak onları nasıl sömürmeye çalıştığını tüm boyutlarıyla ele alır. Göçmen sığınma merkezlerinin çalışmalarıyla ilgili meselelere yer verir. Kırlangıçlar, göçmen kuşlardır. Bu sebeple romanda göçmenler, kırlangıç kuşlarına benzetilir. Kırlangıçların çığlığının, bir bakıma göçmenlerin çığlığını temsil ettiği düşünülebilir. Ahmet Ümit, Kırlangıç Çığlığı romanında hem insanlık tarihi kadar eski hem de güncel bir mesele olan göç ve göçmen konusunu işleyerek edebiyat tarihinde önemli bir esere imza atmıştır.
Hoca Mes’ûd’un Süheyl ü Nev-bahâr Mesnevisinde Üslup Çeşitliliği
Authors: SAYGIN Muhterem
Published: August 2021

Sanat, duyguların estetik biçimde ifadesidir. Edebiyat sanatı ise toplumun içinden çıkan sanatkârın ortaya koyduğu eser düzleminde okurla etkileşimi şeklinde ifade edilebilir. Bu noktada; bazı edebiyat teorisyenleri edebiyat sanatının merkezine sanatkârın ortaya koyduğu eseri, bazıları bu etkileşim sürecinde önemli olanın okurun zihninde oluşan etki olduğundan hareketle okuru, birtakım edebiyat kuramcıları ise ürünü ortaya koyan sanatkârı, daha doğrusu sanatkârın ifade biçimini (üslup) almaktadır. Aynı konunun farklı sanatkârlar tarafından ele alındığı ancak bazılarının toplum belleğinde derin izler bırakabildiği aşikârdır. Bir sanatkârı; diğerlerinden farklı kılan nedir? Şüphesiz ki verilecek cevap, üslup olacaktır. Klasik Türk edebiyatında pek çok aşk konulu mesnevi yazılmıştır fakat bazı eserler, üslup özellikleri sebebiyle daha çok beğenilmiştir.Mesneviler, devrin sosyal şartları düşünüldüğünde döneminin romanları olarak nitelendirilebilirler. Aşk, kahramanlık, öğüt, din ve tasavvuf gibi konuların ele alındığı mesneviler, yazıldıkları devirde oldukça rağbet görmüşlerdir. Bu eserlerden biri, Hoca Mes’ûd’un Süheyl ü Nev-bahâr adlı mesnevisidir. Süheyl ü Nevhâhar, aşk konusunu ele alan hacimli bir eserdir. Bu eser, farklı üslup ve söyleyiş özellikleri sebebiyle oldukça dikkat çekici bir metindir. Bu çalışmada Hoca Mes’ûd’un Süheyl ü Nevbahar adlı eserindeki üslup çeşitliliği ve bu durumun metne katkıları incelenecektir.
Adana İli, Şambayadı Köyü’nde Doğumla İlgili İnanç ve Uygulamalar Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: ÖZDAMAR Fazıl
Published: August 2021

Adana ili, Çukurova ilçesine bağlı bir yerleşim birimi olan Şambayadı Köyü, adından da anlaşılacağı üzere Şambayadı Yörük/Türkmenleri tarafından kurulmuştur. Bu Türkmenler, doğumdan ölüme kadarki geçiş dönemlerindeki inanç ve uygulamaların yanında deyim-atasözü, masal, fıkra, halk hikâyesi vd. sözlü kültür ürünlerini yerleşik hayata geçtikten sonra da muhafaza etmeye ve kullanmaya devam etmektedirler. Bu kültür unsurlarının yaşatılmasında söz konusu bölgenin kültürel etkiye kapalı olması etkilidir, denilebilir. Doğum günü kutlaması ve “gün yapma” gibi modern kültürün bazı unsurları dışında köy halkı dış dünyaya hemen hemen kapalıdır. Çeşitli yasal ve dinî baskılara rağmen hayatın birçok dönemindeki bazı uygulamalar, açık veya gizli şekilde yapılmaya devam edilmektedir.Bu durum doğumla ilgili inanç ve uygulamalarda da karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Doğum, bazı tıbbî uygulamalar dışında birçok dinî ve büyüsel uygulama ve işlemlerin yapıldığı bir geçiş dönemidir. Evlenmenin son aşaması olan “dinî nikâh”tan başlamak üzere, bebeğin kırklanmasına kadar geçen süre zarfında hem anne adayı hem de bebek için bazı uygulamalar yapılmaktadır. Gebe kalmak isteyen kadına yapılan dinî ve büyüsel işlemler ve kaçınmalar, doğumu kolaylaştıracağına inanılan uygulamalar, anne ve bebeğe zarar vereceği düşünülen kötü ruhlar ve bunlardan kaçınma yöntemleri ile nazardan kurtulma yöntemleri bunlardan birkaçıdır. Makalede geçiş dönemlerinden olan doğumun Şambayadı Köyü’nde nasıl algılandığı; doğum öncesi, sırası ve sonrasına ait inanç ve uygulamaların neler olduğu ele alınmış; bu verilerin yorum ve işlevlerine yer verilmiştir. İncelemede kullandığımız veriler, Şambayadı Köyü’nde yaşayan ve mensubu olduğum Türkmenler arasında 2004’te yapılan derleme ve gözlemlerle elde edilmiştir.
Eski ve Orta Türkçe İki Ünlü Arasındaki -ġ- ve -g- Seslerinin Çağdaş Kırgızcadaki Durumu
Authors: UYSAL Seçkin
Published: August 2021

Bilindiği gibi Eski ve Orta Türkçe söz içi damaksıl birincil -ġ- ve -g- sesleri Kırgızcada eriyerek düşmüş ve ikincil ünlü uzunlukları meydana getirmiştir. Bu fonetik hadise Kırgızcayı diğer Türk dilleri arasında farklı ve özel kılar. Öte yandan Kırgızcada Eski ve Orta Türkçe -ġ- ve -g- seslerinin -g- veya -y- sesine değiştiği bazı sözcükler de vardır. Çağdaş Kırgızcada -g-, -y- seslerinin korunması bu sözcüklerdeki -ġ-, -g- seslerinin birincil olmadığını veya Kırgızca’da çok farklı bir fonetik gelişmenin daha olduğunu düşündürür. Söz içi -g- ve -y- seslerini içeren bazı sözcüklerin birincil -ġ- ve -g-‘ye sahip olup olmadığı tartışmalıdır. Söz konusu sözcüklerin kökenleri incelendiğinde ise bu aykırılığın farklı fonetik gelişimlerden ziyade leksikolojik birtakım katmanlardan kaynaklandığı görülür. Kırgızların ve dolayısıyla Kırgızcanın tarihi de bu dilsel katmanları doğrulayan veriler sunar. Bu çalışmada Kırgızcada söz içinde -g- veya -y- seslerine değişmiş Eski ve Orta Türkçe -ġ- ve -g- içeren sözcükler incelenerek hangilerinin arkaizm, hangilerinin Tarihî Kıpçakça katmanı veya Kıpçak ve Karluk grubu Türk dilleri katmanları oldukları ile ilgili düşünceler öne sürülmüştür.
Manâkıb-ı Hünkâr Hacı Bektâş-ı Veli “Vilâyet-Nâme” Adlı Eserdeki Kitlesel Hareketlerin Psikolojik Analizi
Authors: GÖKTAŞ Aydın
Published: August 2021

Bu çalışmada, Manâkıb-ı Hünkâr Hacı Bektâş-ı Veli “Vilâyet-Nâme” adlı eserdeki köy halkları, halifeler, erenler gibi kitle tanımı içine girebilecek gruplar tespit edilmiştir. Bu gruplar kitle tanımı içinde değerlendirildikten sonra Hacı Bektaş’a karşı tutumları, olağanüstülüklere gösterdikleri tepkiler ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Ortaya çıkarılan bu tepkilerin aynı nitelikte olanları elenmiştir. Menakıpname, söz konusu eser ve kitle psikolojisi hakkında ön bilgiler verildikten sonra eserdeki kitlesel hareketlerin bir kısmı, diğerlerine örnek mahiyetinde olması da göz önünde bulundurularak ve eserdeki sırasına uygun bir şekilde çalışmaya eklenmiştir. Sonrasında Gustave Le Bon’un Kitleler Psikolojisi, Sigmund Freud’un Kitle Psikolojisi ve Ego Analizi, Elias Canetti’nin Kitle ve İktidar adlı eserlerinde ortaya konulan teoriler ve bilgiler ışığında söz konusu kitlesel hareketlerin psikolojik analizi ve sınıflandırması yapılmıştır. Analiz ve sınıflandırmalar menakıpnamelerin yazılış amaçları ile ilgili kaleme alınmış kaynaklardaki bilgilerle karşılaştırılmıştır ve incelenen kaynaklardaki teorileri ve bilgileri destekleyici nitelikte bir sonuca ulaşılmıştır. Kitlesel hareketlerin daima olumsuzdan olumluya doğru bir değişim içinde olduğu saptanmış ve bu durumun okuyucuya da bir mesaj niteliğinde olması durumu açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Türkçe Sözlük’te +sX Ekinin Kullanımı ve Art Zamanlı Bir Bakış
Authors: KORKUT Gizem
Published: August 2021

Bu çalışmada; Türkçenin tarihî dönemlerinde kullanılan +sXg ve bu ekin günümüz Türkçesindeki şekli olan +sX gramer kitaplarında tanıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Türkçenin tarihî dönemlerinde +sX ekinin büyük çoğunlukla benzerlik anlamını vermede kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ekin en eski şekli +sIġ ve +çIġ olup Karahanlı Türkçesine kadar bu şekliyle geldiği görülmüştür. Harezm döneminden itibaren ekte değişiklikler söz konusudur. Ekin, Harezm döneminde +sI; Kıpçak döneminde +sI ve +sIy; Çağataycada +sI; Eski Anadolu Türkçesinde +sI şeklinde kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ek; son sesinin düşmesiyle +sI halini almış, günümüz Türkçesine kadar gelmiş ve Türkiye Türkçesindeki ünlü uyumunun sonucunda +sX şeklini almıştır. Ekin, Türkiye Türkçesindeki şekilleri için Türk Dil Kurumu’nun yayımladığı on birinci basım Türkçe Sözlük kullanılmıştır. Türkçe Sözlük’te tanıklanan sözcükler aracılığıyla ekin günümüzde sözcük türetmedeki işlevi tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen sözcüklerden hareketle +sX eki Türkiye Türkçesindeki sözcüğe yüklediği anlama göre; benzerlik ifadesi taşıması, terim ve takım adı oluşturması bakımından üç başlık altında sınıflandırılmıştır. Ekin 120 sözcükle en çok benzerlik ifadesi taşıyan sözcük türetmede kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Benzerlik ifadesi taşıyan sözcükler; bitki, bir durum, cinsiyet, değerli taş, edebiyat, eğlence, eşya, geometrik şekil, gökyüzü, hayvan, maden, meyve ve sebze, organ, renk, sanat, tahıl, tat, yapı ve inşaat malzemeleri, yiyecek olmak üzere 19 başlık altında verilmiştir. Anatomiden 6, bitki biliminden 5, astronomiden 3, dilbilimden 3, biyoloji, diplomasi ve tıp alanından 1 olmak üzere 7 farklı alanda terim türetmede kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ekin; deniz hayvanı takımı, genel hayvan takımı, parazit ve kuş takımı olmak üzere 4 hayvan takımına ad vermede kullanıldığı görülmüştür.
Halk ve Divan Edebiyatı Müşterekliği Bağlamında Karacaoğlan Şiirlerinde ve Bâkî Divanı’nda Kumru Kuşu
Authors: UYSAL Yasin
Published: August 2021

Sözlü ve yazılı kültür ürünleri insana, yaşama, doğaya ve canlılara ait sayısız unsuru içerisinde barındırır. Türk edebiyatının vazgeçilmez iki kolu olan halk ve divan şiiri de insana, doğaya, yaşama ve canlılara ait pek çok özelliği ve öğeyi içerir. Sanılanın aksine, aralarında yoğun bir biçim, konu ve hayal müştereklikleri bulunduran divan ve halk şairleri doğayı ve canlıları şiirlerinde farklı açılardan işlemişlerdir. Her iki gelenek içerisinde yetişen şairler farklı tarzlarda şiirler yazmış olsalar da Türk kültürü içerisinde yer alan veya daha sonradan eklenen unsurları ele almışlardır. Bu bakımdan halk ve divan şiirin konu, kaynak ve yer yer hayal benzerliği bulunmaktadır. Söz konusu bu benzerlikleri veya müştereklikleri incelemek, Türk edebiyatı araştırmalarına katkı sağlayacaktır. Yapılan bu çalışma içerisinde de halk edebiyatının ünlü ozanlarından olan Karacaoğlan’ın şiirlerinde ve divan edebiyatının temsilcilerden olan Bâkî’nin Divan’ında yer alan kumru kuşu hakkında bir inceleme ortaya konmuştur. Yapılan bu inceleme, divan ve halk edebiyatı müşterekliği bakımından ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada ilk olarak divan ve halk edebiyatı müşterekliklerine değinilmiştir. Ardından da kumru/üveyik kuşu hakkında çeşitli bilgiler verilip Karacaoğlan ve Bâkî şiirlerinde söz konusu bu kuşun yer aldığı dörtlükler ve beyitler incelenmiştir. İncelemelerin sonunda Karacaoğlan’ın ve Bâkî’nin şiirlerinde kumru kuşunun nasıl ele alındığına dair bir sonuca ulaşılmaya çalışılmıştır.
Halide Edib Adıvar’ın Ateşten Gömlek Adlı Romanında “Biz” ve “Ötekiler”
Authors: DÜNDAR Faruk
Published: August 2021

Halide Edib Adıvar, eserleriyle Türk Kurtuluş Savaşı’nın kazanılmasına katkıda bulunmuş bir yazardır. Bu çalışmada, en ünlü eserlerinden olan Ateşten Gömlek adlı romanında yapmış olduğu “biz” ve “ötekiler” tasvirleri irdelenmektedir. “Biz ve ötekiler” teorisi Edward Said tarafından oryantalistler için kullanılan, Batılıların Doğululara karşı olumsuz düşüncelerini açıklayan bir teoridir. Said’in teorisinden çok önce yazılan Ateşten Gömlek’te ise, bu teori, romanda yer alan kanonik söylem doğrultusunda farklı şekilde karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Romanda, hürriyet yanlısı Türkler “biz”, Türklere ihanet etmiş şekilde yansıtılan Osmanlı yönetimi ve Türk düşmanları “ötekiler” olarak tasvir edilmektedir. Romanda, Türk milleti yüce, cesur, gözü pek ve korkusuz bir millet olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Osmanlı Devleti’nde yaşayan ve Türklere karşı işgal kuvvetlerinin yanında duran Rum ve Ermeni gibi azınlıklar da işkenceler yapan katiller olarak tasvir edilmesinden dolayı, “ötekiler”dendir. Osmanlı yönetimi de “ötekiler” grubuna girmektedir. Çünkü onlar da işgalcilerle iş birliği yapmakta, Türk milletine ihanet etmektedirler. Bu çalışmada doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılarak, Edward Said’in “biz ve ötekiler” teorisinin, Halide Edib Adıvar tarafından Ateşten Gömlek romanında Türkler için uyarlanması, romandaki örnekler baz alınarak irdelenmektedir.
Pacemaker lead related severe tricuspid stenosis and a history of severe COVID-19 pneumonia: A case report
Authors: Memic Sancar Kadriye , Babur Guler Gamze , Arslan Enes , Oner Ender , Güler Ekrem , Yildiz Mustafa
Published: August 2021

Tricuspid stenosis occurs after the implantation of a ventricular pacemaker lead and is a rare complication. An inflammatory response is stimulated when the pacemaker leads are passing through the tricuspid valve which leads to fibrosis in the long-term. In our case report, we aim to present a patient with asymptomatic multiple pacemaker lead related tricuspid stenosis and with a history of severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
THE USE OF GRAMMAR-TRANSLATION METHOD TO TEACH READING TO THE TENTH CLASS STUDENTS AT SMK YPM 12 TUBAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2020/2021
Authors: Ali Fauzi
Published: August 2021

English is the first foreign language in Indonesia which is considered important in transferring and developing science and technology, arts and building the relationship among countries. Based on the 1994 basic course outline, the purpose of English teaching at Technical Senior High Schools is to develop the four language skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing. The teaching of those four language skills can be done in integrative way in which the emphasis is on developing the students’ reading skill. The less attention to a certain language skill may cause the students’ unbalanced mastery of English. However, teaching reading using certain method like grammar-translation method is also important because by it students will be able to understand the English text, grammar and structure and translation well through which they will be a means of improving other skills such as speaking. From the reasons, the researcher wants to study about The Use of Grammar-Translation Method to Teach reading to the Tenth Class Students at SMK YPM 12 Tuban Academic Year 2020/2021. This title is chosen because he is sure that reading is also important besides speaking, writing and listening.

 

This study is in form of descriptive analysis which means that he describes what he finds in the real life and he reveals them to prove the rightness of his assumption. He tries to find the data and process them and just describes his finding. He analyzes and describes about the use of grammar-translation method in teaching reading and the problems the teacher and students face in the process of teaching and learning. Besides them, it is also prominent to tell the process or activities in the teaching of reading using grammar-translation method. It is hoped that some alternatives to solve these problems can be found. Therefore it is expected that this study will be useful for English teacher as the alternative method to teach reading, for the readers to add their knowledge about different ways in teaching reading and for the students in general to be the reference to add their knowledge and to do further research.
NEGRAFICKÁ DATA A JEJICH STRUKTURA PRO VYUŽITÍ LCA V BIM
Authors: Brandtner Michal
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the data structure for the purpose of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of buildings using the Building Information Model (BIM). LCA is a method that can be used to demonstrate the suitability of proposed materials, structures, or buildings in terms of their whole life cycle and its environmental impact. For the LCA evaluation it is crucial to obtain life cycle inventory (LCI) input data. The aim of the article is to define a BIM data structure for LCI purposes. The new methodology is based on standardization of non-graphic information model data structure called SNIM. Advantages of the proposed methodology have been demonstrated on the case study. These results are useful for expanding the BIM model with new data necessary for further LCA calculations.
ŽÁROVZDORNÉ VLASTNOSTI A KOROZNÍ ODOLNOST FORSTERIT-SPINELOVÉ KERAMIKY S VYUŽITÍM VYSOKOTEPLOTNÍHO POPÍLKU
Authors: Nguyen Martin , Sokolář Radomír
Published: August 2021

Tento článek se zabývá procesem syntézy žárovzdorné forsterit-spinelové keramiky za použití vysokoteplotního popílku a reaktivního oxidu hlinitého jako zdroje oxidu hlinitého. Vstupní suroviny byly rozemlety, smíchány v různém poměru a vypáleny při 1500 °C po dobu 2 h. Vypálené zkušební vzorky byly charakterizovány pomocí RTG difrakční analýzy a rastrovacího elektronového mikroskopu. Rovněž byla zkoumána pórovitost, nasákavost, objemová hmotnost, žárovzdornost, únosnost v žáru, odolnost proti změnám teplot a korozní odolnost vůči účinkům taveniny železa. Výsledné vlastnosti byly poté porovnány v závislosti na zdroji oxidu hlinitého. Přítomnost spinelu ve vzorcích vedla ke zlepšení mikrostruktury, mechanických vlastností, odolnosti proti změnám teplot a také korozní odolnosti. Zejména směsi s 10–20 % spinelu měly nejslibnější výsledky.
La investigación educativa: teoría y práctica
Authors: Abad Peña Graciela , Fernández Rodríguez Katia Lisset , Delgado Menoscal Segundo Eugenio , Bodero León Juan Carlos , Contreras Jordán Eliana Noemi
Published: August 2021

Desde el punto de vista teórico y práctico continúan siendo tareas pendientes la elevación del carácter científico de las ciencias de la educación y la calidad de la práctica educativa con vistas a hacer más efectivo el resultado del aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Lo anterior exige resignificar la función de la investigación educativa, en tanto se reconoce que puede ayudar a la solución de estos y otros problemas. Esta obra despliega su contenido en tres capítulos. En el primero, se abordan los fundamentos teóricos de la investigación educativa. En el segundo, los enfoques, tipos y métodos en la investigación educativa; y en el tercero, el proceso de la investigación educativa. El contenido de cada capítulo se concreta a través de actividades de autoaprendizaje.
Criminologia Crítica Brasileira: da abolição da escravatura à libertação crítica
Authors: Cerezar de Medeiros Vanessa
Published: August 2021

Em Criminologia Crítica Brasileira: da abolição da escravatura à libertação crítica, a autora retira “o racismo do lugar de recorte no campo crítico criminológico, através da matriz metodológica interseccional, trazendo à tona fatos históricos que são mecanismos essenciais para pensar a responsabilidade da criminologia diante de opressões produzidas por dispositivos de perpetuação da colonialidade. Vanessa fala sobretudo de política de morte e das rupturas necessárias para a promoção de uma Criminologia Brasileira que não se esqueça jamais do sangue e dos corpos que sustentam a construção do nosso Estado-nação, sendo esses ainda os objetos da mais dura intervenção do poder punitivo que não apenas controla e pune, mas os faz ao limite do extermínio.” Trecho da apresentação de Michelle Karen Santos. Prefácio de Leandro Ayres França
Guarda Parental: releitura a partir do cuidado
Authors: Costa Cruz Elisa
Published: August 2021

Desde a promulgação da Constituição da República de 1988 a guarda foi analisada de duas formas principais no Direito das Famílias: a primeira, com a releitura constitucional a partir da qual a guarda passou a ser entendida como responsabilidade parental exercida no interesse dos filhos; a segunda, a partir de 2008 e 2014 com a inclusão da guarda compartilhada no Código Civil. Esse livro pretende dar início a uma terceira e nova discussão, sobre o conteúdo e significados da guarda. Busca-se mostrar que a guarda sempre esteve associada à posse da criança ou adolescente, o que não se revela compatível com a doutrina da proteção integral, e propor a ressignificação do instituto à luz do cuidado.
The potential of homeopathic phenomenon in plant growth
Authors: Novosaduyk Tatiana Vladimirovna , Tsvetkova Victoria , Tsvetkova Victoria , Komissarenko Anatolii , Komissarenko Anatolii
Published: August 2021

For over two centuries homeopathy has demonstrated its therapeutic properties, thus gaining more and more supporters worldwide. Many researchers opine that due to absence of a medicinal substance in a homeopathic preparation it is not necessary to study its healing effect. However, for the last few years our research was focused not only on understanding the mechanism(s) of homeopathic action in medical and veterinary practices but also on the effect of different homeopathic preparations on plants. The studies aimed to rule out the placebo effect from the homeopathic phenomenon, but also at identification of therapeutic effect on different plants. These studies allowed to extend the boundaries of practical use of homeopathy including its common use in the farming industry.

The efficacy of various homeopathic preparations was assessed for their use in plant growth through application techniques such as watering, spraying, soaking and sprinkling etc. Growth dynamics, duration of fruit ripening, crop yield were monitored and compared to reference plants. Homeopathic preparations for agricultural plants were carefully selected on the basis of their effect on the crop yield â€“ the principal criterion for the selection.

Based on these criteria it was observed that the homeopathic picture of tomatoes, cucumbers, potatoes is almost same within one variety, in all tested sorts, although, in case of fruit trees such as apple, pear the homeopathic similimum varied depending of the selection method.

Our results showed that, in case of trees, one-time application of homeopathic preparation during a season is preferable and sufficient. In case of vegetable cultures, application may not be more frequent than once a month as more frequent application results in diminishing of yield. For root plants single treatment at the time of planting was sufficient.

The performed studies showed that the growth and ripening indicators significantly prevailed in the vegetables, which had been treated with homeopathic preparations, as compared to common traditional way of plant handling (controls).

Thus the performed studies suggest the following:

a) Homeopathic effect on biological structures is not a placebo effect.

b) Obtained data are a categorical proof of the homeopathic preparation effect on plants causing higher yield in agricultural crops and therefore, have good potential for their use on the industrial scale in agriculture.

c) The potential of the homeopathic phenomenon practical use has not been fully explored yet and needs a follow-up study.
Modulation of experimental cystitis induced by uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) JJ079 by homeopathic and isopathic remedies
Authors: Coelho Cideli de Paula , Carvalho Vania Maria , Iovine Renata de Oliveira , Soares Luana de Ramos , Dalboni Luciene Costa , Santana Fabiana Rodrigues , Bonamin Leoni Villano
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the most common agent involved in digestive and urinary tract infections (UTI).

Aims: The objective of this study was to explore whether homeopathic/isotherapic preparations could interfere with pathophysiological aspects of murine cystitis induced by E. coli in an experimental model.

Materials and Methods: Balb/c female mice underwent urethral inoculation of E. coli (UPEC) JJ079 (urosepsis prototype) in a concentration of 7.5x1011 CFU/ml. The animals were divided into four groups: control group; group treated with hydro-alcoholic solution; group treated with biotherapic pure strain of E. coli and group treated with Cantharis 6cH. The drugs were prepared according to the Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia and were administered orally, with free access to drinking water for two days after infection. After euthanasia, bladder and kidney were weighed and collected for histopathology and immunohistochemistry analysis. The following markers were used: CD3 (T lymphocytes), CD79 (B lymphocytes), MIF, NK (Natural killer), VEGF-e (inflammatory mediators). Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA followed by the Fisherâ€™s Test, pâ‰¤0.05 being significant.

Results: ANOVA test revealed no significance in relation to the mean and standard deviation values. Fisher Test was used to analyze proportions differences. Cantharis 6cH and E. coli 30cH treatment significantly increased B lymphocytes in relation to T lymphocytes, NK cells and macrophages in bladder mucosae (pâ‰¤0.05). In renal pelvis, the medicines caused significant reduction of B lymphocytes in relation to T Lymphocytes and macrophages. VEGF-e cells reduction was seen in the pelvis in relation to phagocytes (pâ‰¤0.05).

Discussion and conclusion: B lymphocytes are able to differentiate into plasma cells, for the production of immunoglobulins. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) are the group of antibodies produced in the immune response. Its function is to protect the mucous membranes, which form a protective barrier (bladder, for example). Since mucous membranes represent the main route of pathogens access to the body the protection provided by IgA is of paramount importance. Therefore, this study suggests that the studied drugs could interfere in the migration of B lymphocytes from pelvis to the bladder, so as to produce IgA. VEGF-e could stimulate the recruitment of inflammatory cells.
Mechanisms of medicine-induced effect on organism
Authors: Komissarenko Anatoly Alekseyevich
Published: August 2021

One of the key issues in modern medicine-based therapy is the mechanisms of medicine-induced effects on the body. The generally acknowledged chemical paradigm canâ€™t offer an explanation for the therapeutic effect, in case of treatment with ultra-high diluted (UHD) medicines.

At the same time studies of the homeopathic phenomenon elicited the electromagnetic wave nature of the interaction between drugs (including allopathic medicines) and the organism. Correspondence of the medicine and gene wave indicators leads to the resonance of the waves and stimulates attenuated genetic activity demonstrating a therapeutic effect.

Wave actions of an allopathic remedy target a certain weak gene, the weakness of which causes a certain symptom. The gene activation results in the symptom elimination which is symptomatic treatment.

Homeopathic preparations have an effect on control centres containing a certain set of genes. Stimulation of such centres leads to normalization of the functions of a relevant body system, as well as of the biochemical processes controlled by the centre. On the other hand, counter-propagating amplitudes of medication waves and pathogenic beams helps to reduce their effect and stop the disease process.

UHD of medicinal substances used in homeopathy demonstrates coherency - phase shift of the preparation wave. Its value is essential for the homeopathic phenomenon realization as it allows approximation of the medicine wave indicators to those of the â€˜targetâ€™.

Therefore, todayâ€™s level of scientific apprehension of a medicine healing effect on the organism, as well as subsequent studies and active implementation of obtained study results into practical work make it possible to identify a way out of the critical situation, which exists in the modern medication-based therapy, ensure medicine-based therapy efficiency and optimize costs of therapy and prevention of many diseases.

Keywords: homeopathic phenomenon, coherency, mechanisms of medicine-induced effect on organism, wave actions, gene, therapeutic effect.
The possibility of using Trichinella spiralis as an experimental model in the field of high dilutions
Authors: Zhdanova Olga Borisovna , Haidarova Amina Aslanovna , Napisanova Ludmila Alexandrovna , Rossohin Dimitri , Lozhenicina Olga
Published: August 2021

Background

Trichinosis is a parasitic disease caused by ingestion larvae of Trichinella spiralis (TS). In Russia trichinosis of pigs is widely spreaded. Invasion occurs when human or animal eat contaminated meat. TS is adapted to many hosts, and due to its wide spread, there has always been a demand of safe alternatives for this infection. A lot of information has been gathered about sharp decreasing of quantity of trichinae in muscles at repeated invasion of predators. We took a chance of applying antigen to TS as a vaccine, however, rate of immunogenetic effect wasn't high. Therefore, in an experimental work, we decided to inject vaccine and immunomodulators together at the same time.

Material and Methods

We subjected rats infected with TS to conventional treatment (vaccine) along with Cina 6cH. There were five groups as follows: The first group was injected antigen alone and no immunomodulators; the second group was injected antigen and Ronkoleikin; the third group was injected antigen and Sodium nucleinate, the fourth group was injected antigen and Cina C6cH; and the fifth group was a control group, which was injected neither antigen nor immunomodulators. After 21 days of vaccination (or giving homeopathic medicine) rats were contaminated TS in a dose of 200germs/animal.

Results

The rats were euthanized after two months. They we then analysed for stomach contents and quantity of worms in muscles. The highest number of worms were found in fifth group (no antigen and no immunomodulators) (more than 2600 worms/animal. The quantity of worms in the second group (injection of antigen and Ronkoleikin) was in four times less than in the control group. The most efficient substance was Ronkoleikin (900+160 worms/animal); Sodium nucleinate (1100+100 worms/per animal); Cina C6cH (1400+50 worms/animal).

Conclusion

Cina C6cH along with and others immunomodulators was able to exhibit protective effect against experimental trichinosis. Further research with rigorous designs is needed to explore the role of Cina in Trichinella spiralis.
ANALYZING THE ROAD NETWORK STRUCTURE OF TANG-TIBET ROAD AND BUILDING A SPATIAL INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR ITS TIBET SECTION
Authors: Chi M. , Liu Y.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Since the Tang Dynasty (618–907 AD), the Tang-Tibet Road has been the only way from inland China to Qinghai and Tibet, and even to other countries such as Nepal and India. It ties and bonds various ethnic groups and regions, integrates cultural memories and cross-cultural communication achievements from ancient times to the present, and witnesses the dynamic propagation of the culture. Affected by the environment, climate, and wars, Tang-Tibet Road was often impossible to travel on or through intermittently during its progressive development in history. Routes and lines of each of its sections changed from time to time; eventually, an ancient road network was formed, consisting of one trunk road, two subsidiary roads in the north and south, several branches, and scattered auxiliary routes separated from the system, among which there were both outward-oriented international passages and inward-oriented passages. Nonetheless, research on Tang-Tibet Road is insufficient at the current stage. Regarding the problems summarized based on the review of the research situation, the present work probes deeper into the network structure of Tang-Tibet Road. How historical corridor is generated and evolved is understood from a regional perspective. In particular, strategies to design a space information system for the Tibet section of Tang-Tibet Road are explained to promote the exploration and use of cultural heritages in Tibet, in an effort to preserve these heritages while developing Tibet’s society and economy.
TEN YEARS OF DIGITAL DOCUMENTATION OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE OF THE MONASTERY OF SAINT HILARION IN TELL UMM EL-AMR, GAZA STRIP
Authors: Alby E.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The archaeological richness of a site is independent of its geopolitical context. The use of photogrammetry for the documentation of the monastery of Saint-Hilarion in the gaza strip illustrates the flexibility of the uses of this technique despite some obstacles linked to the situation. As access to the site on demand, depending on representation needs is not possible, means have been implemented to delegate the acquisition and allow continuity of surveys adapted to the evolution of archaeological excavations. Developments in acquisition techniques and methods can be incorporated into on-site practices and can also lead to improved processing of old data.
TLS-FEM INTEGRATED STRUCTURAL DEFORMATION ANALYSIS ON THE BEAMLESS HALL AT NANJING, CHINA
Authors: Fang J. W. , Sun Z. , Zhang Y. R.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. A method integrating terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and finite element modelling (FEM) is proposed in this study. It aims at assessing the structural deformation of a historic brick-masonry building, the Beamless Hall at Linggu Temple in Nanjing, China. The building was composed of a series of vaults and arches, the largest among whom spans over 11m. TLS (Z+F Imager5010X) was used to collect 3D point cloud with high density. Point slices and geometric feature computation (verticality) were employed to detect geometric displacement quantitatively and intuitively. FEM-simulation was based on an ideal 3D model ignoring geometric anomalies. Results show that the Beamless Hall has inherent structural defect owing to its asymmetric layout along the transverse axis. Computing geometric feature of point cloud is fast and intuitive to detect and show geometric deviation. Inferred by FEM-simulated results and TLS-based deviation analysis, the building’s asymmetrical layout under self-weight is probably the main reason causing its structural deformation. Further developments include FEM based on as-built geometry, corrected materials parameters, and a comprehensive geometric deviation analysis.
DIGITAL SURVEY AI AND SEMANTICS FOR RAILWAY MASONRY BRIDGES HEALTH ASSESSMENT
Authors: Garozzo R. , Santagati C.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Masonry arch railway bridges represent a historically built heritage to be preserved. The multidisciplinary approach requires the construction of a common language, namely the creation of a formal conceptualisation of bridge domain that could serve as basis for both adding new layers of knowledge in H-BIM modeling and aiding the automatic segmentation of masonry bridge point clouds, thus supporting the semi-automatic creation of information models. The presented research aims at showing the results of an in-depth analysis conducted on masonry arched bridges computational ontologies; following this, the authors propose a semantic conceptualization in the masonry bridge domain, structured with three group of key concepts needed in the process of knowledge: bridge elements, materials, and defects. As a case study the masonry bridges of the Sicilian Circumetnea railway are chosen.
DIGITAL PRACTICES TO ENHANCE INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE
Authors: Giovannini E. C. , Lo Turco M. , Tomalini A.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The term “cultural heritage” has been enriched with multiple contents in the last decades, partly thanks to the protection instruments developed by UNESCO. Despite the past, the cultural heritage is not limited to monuments and collections of objects. The term nowadays includes tangible and intangible cultural heritage (ICH). ICH includes traditions or living expressions inherited from our ancestors and passed on to our descendants, such as oral traditions, performing arts, social practices, rituals, festive events, knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe or the knowledge and skills to produce traditional crafts. Within this context, the Museum of “Passione di Sordevolo” preserves and spreads the cultural and social value of the largest representation of popular Christian theatre in Italy, called “La Passione di Sordevolo”. The paper presents the results of the research of the reconstructive modelling and visual storytelling project called "Digital historical scenic design". The project explores the use of digital technologies to create new content compatible with the Museum’s mission: dissemination, communication and valorization of the documentary heritage (photographs, sketches, drawings) and the systematic collection of the oral tradition of this theatrical tradition.
RESEARCH ON THE STRATEGY OF INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE PROTECTION AND RENEWAL
Authors: Gu S. , Meng H.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. In the post industrial era, with the development of urban economy and the upgrading of industrial structure, a large number of industrial enterprises in the city transfer from the city centre to the periphery of the city in order to relieve the pressure of urban land shortage and seek their own development. Therefore, the idle land left behind is favoured by the real estate development and emerging industries. As an important space carrier for the continuation of urban context and economic development, the industrial buildings left behind are very popular. Its protection and reuse are related to the development of regional economy and the revival of culture. Under the background of urban renewal, how to properly protect and update the modern industrial heritage to realize the organic integration of the new and old system has become an important topic of heritage protection in China.Today, the transformation of industrial heritage is in full swing. Although the research in the field of industrial heritage in China has started relatively late and the domestic practical experience and related research depth are not enough to form a complete theoretical system, the society has reached a common sense of the protection and renewal of industrial heritage. In January 2018, the first batch of China's industrial heritage protection list was officially released, making China's industrial heritage protection and renewal more scientific and standardized, combining with urban renewal to promote the rapid development of modern urban culture and economy, environmental protection and resource utilization.From the point of view of “protection and renewal”, the paper summarizes the different value cognition of industrial building heritage, and discusses the relationship between the protection and reuse of industrial building heritage, and studies the relevant strategies for the protection and reuse of industrial building heritage, so as to provide reference for the research and development of other industrial building heritage.
IMPACT OF INTEGRATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN LOST ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE VISUALIZATION IN POST-CONFLICT SOCIETIES
Authors: Günay S.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Technological developments in architectural visualization and advancements in digital applications that uses Geographical Information Systems (GIS), Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) platforms allows integration of digital technologies in heritage visualization more than ever before. Particular advantage of the integration of these digital technologies could be seen in the lost architectural and urban heritage visualization. Since these buildings or historic towns do not exist or simply altered in a way that the historical aspects of these heritage places could not be captured anymore, these digital technologies generates a valuable platform in order to experience these non-existing buildings as they were many years ago.One of the major objectives of this research was to assess the contribution of recapturing lost architectural heritage for cross cultural understanding, place-identity and heritage relationship. In order to assess this research question, participants were selected as population exchange descendants of 1923, that took place between Turkey and Greece. As one of the primary port of deportation and as major cultural and economic centres of early 1920s, Izmir and Thessaloniki provided valuable research area with their similar historical developments that resulted by the loss of many heritage buildings. Accordingly interviews, focus group studies and participant observation has been performed with conservation decision makers and population exchange descendants by using various digital models of lost historic buildings from Izmir and Thessaloniki. This allowed a comparative analysis of the impact of the use of digital technologies as part of heritage visualization of lost buildings.This paper aims to discuss the significance of using various digital technologies while visualizing lost architectural heritage in the particular case of post-conflict societies.
RAPID DATA COLLECTION FOR THE AUDIT OF MONUMENTS & MEMORIALS IN SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Jackson C. , Nkhasi-Lesaoana M. , Mofutsanyana L.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The tradition of memorialising people and events through physical constructions such as statues and monuments like in many countries, has shaped the public space of a modern South Africa. Considering the colonial and apartheid history of South Africa, these physical markers, often uncontextualized, continue to maintain positions of prominence within the modern streetscape.Since the turn of the democratic era in South Africa, a pressing need has existed to assess the impact of the markers on the heritage landscape of the country. An endeavour made more difficult by a lack of a comprehensive inventory of these resources across the country.The National Audit of Monuments and Memorials (NAMM) was designed to address this gap through a full national survey of monuments and memorials, conducted under the auspices of a job creation stimulus package designed to create short term employment in the wake of the economic fallout from the Covid-19 pandemic. Undertaking this project under this funding mechanism required that all phases of the project be undertaken within a six-month period.The compressed timeframes associated with this project required an approach that could support a level of fluidity to address the challenges of undertaking a project of this nature, whilst ensuring that the data collected by field surveyors can be monitored and included in the inventory of the national estate in an effective manner.The aim of this paper is to discuss and showcase the tools and workflows used to roll out and manage the large-scale national audit of monuments and memorials across South Africa.
AN EXTRACTION METHOD FOR ROOF POINT CLOUD OF ANCIENT BUILDING USING DEEP LEARNING FRAMEWORK
Authors: Ji Y. , Dong Y. , Hou M. , Qi Y. , Li A.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Chinese ancient architecture is a valuable heritage wealth, especially for roof that reflects the construction age, structural features and cultural connotation. Point cloud data, as a flexible representation with characteristics of fast, precise, non-contact, plays a crucial role in a variety of applications for ancient architectural heritage, such as 3D fine reconstruction, HBIM, disaster monitoring etc. However, there are still many limitations in data editing tasks that need to be worked out manually, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive and error-prone. In recent years, the theoretical advance on deep learning has stimulated the development of various domains, and digital heritage is not in exception. Whenever, deep learning algorithm need to consume a huge amount of labeled date to achieve the purpose for segmentation, resulting a actuality that high labor costs also be acquired. In this paper, inspired by the architectural style similarity between mimetic model and real building, we proposed a method supported by deep learning, which aims to give a solution for the point cloud automatic extraction of roof structure. Firstly, to generate real point cloud, Baoguang Temple, unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is presented to obtain image collections that are subsequently processed by reconstruction technology. Secondly, a modified Dynamic Graph Convolutional Neural Network (DGCNN) which can learn local features with taking advantage of an edge attention convolution is trained using simulated data and additional attributes of geometric attributes. The mimetic data is sampled from 3DMAX model surface. Finally, we try to extract roof structure of ancient building from real point clouds scenes utilizing the trained model. The experimental results show that the proposed method can extract the rooftop structure from real scene of Baoguang, which illustrates not only effectiveness of approach but also a fact that the simulated source perform potential value when real point cloud datasets are scarce.