bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emergence of a Novel Dengue Virus 3 (DENV-3) Genotype-I Coincident with Increased DENV-3 Cases in Yangon, Myanmar between 2017 and 2019
Authors: Soe Aung Min , Ngwe Tun Mya Myat , Nabeshima Takeshi , Myat Theingi Win , Htun Moh Moh , Lin Htin , Hom Nang Sarm , Inoue Shingo , Nwe Khine Mya , Aye Lynn Pa Pa , Fukuta Mizuki , Thant Kyaw Zin , Hasebe Futoshi , Morita Kouichi , Shresta Sujan , Thu Hlaing Myat , Moi Meng Ling
Published: June 2021

Dengue fever, caused by the mosquito-borne dengue virus (DENV), has been endemic in Myanmar since 1970 and it has become a significant public health burden. It is crucial that circulating DENV strains are identified and monitored, and that their transmission efficiency and association with disease severity is understood. In this study, we analyzed DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4 serotypes in 1235 serum samples collected in Myanmar between 2017 and 2019. Whole-genome sequencing of DENV-1–4 demonstrated that most DENV-1–4 strains had been circulating in Myanmar for several years. We also identified the emergence of DENV-3 genotype-I in 2017 samples, which persisted through 2018 and 2019. The emergence of the strain coincided with a period of increased DENV-3 cases and marked changes in the serotype dynamics. Nevertheless, we detected no significant differences between serum viral loads, disease severity, and infection status of individuals infected with different DENV serotypes during the 3-year study. Our results not only identify the spread of a new DENV-3 genotype into Yangon, Myanmar, but also support the importance of DENV evolution in changing the epidemic dynamics in endemic regions.
Mosquito Vector Competence for Japanese Encephalitis Virus
Authors: Auerswald Heidi , Maquart Pierre-Olivier , Chevalier Véronique , Boyer Sebastien
Published: June 2021

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a zoonotic pathogen mainly found in East and Southeast Asia and transmitted by mosquitoes. The objective of this review is to summarize the knowledge on the diversity of JEV mosquito vector species. Therefore, we systematically analyzed reports of JEV found in field-caught mosquitoes as well as experimental vector competence studies. Based on the investigated publications, we classified 14 species as confirmed vectors for JEV due to their documented experimental vector competence and evidence of JEV found in wild mosquitoes. Additionally, we identified 11 mosquito species, belonging to five genera, with an experimentally confirmed vector competence for JEV but lacking evidence on their JEV transmission capacity from field-caught mosquitoes. Our study highlights the diversity of confirmed and potential JEV vector species. We also emphasize the variety in the study design of vector competence investigations. To account for the diversity of the vector species and regional circumstances, JEV vector competence should be studied in the local context, using local mosquitoes with local virus strains under local climate conditions to achieve reliable data. In addition, harmonization of the design of vector competence experiments would lead to better comparable data, informing vector and disease control measures.
Bayesian Binary Mixture Models as a Flexible Alternative to Cut-Off Analysis of ELISA Results, a Case Study of Seoul Orthohantavirus
Authors: Swart Arno , Maas Miriam , de Vries Ankje , Cuperus Tryntsje , Opsteegh Marieke
Published: June 2021

Serological assays, such as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), are popular tools for establishing the seroprevalence of various infectious diseases in humans and animals. In the ELISA, the optical density is measured and gives an indication of the antibody level. However, there is variability in optical density values for individuals that have been exposed to the pathogen of interest, as well as individuals that have not been exposed. In general, the distribution of values that can be expected for these two categories partly overlap. Often, a cut-off value is determined to decide which individuals should be considered seropositive or seronegative. However, the classical cut-off approach based on a putative threshold ignores heterogeneity in immune response in the population and is thus not the optimal solution for the analysis of serological data. A binary mixture model does include this heterogeneity, offers measures of uncertainty and the direct estimation of seroprevalence without the need for correction based on sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, the probability of being seropositive can be estimated for individual samples, and both continuous and categorical covariates (risk-factors) can be included in the analysis. Using ELISA results from rats tested for the Seoul orthohantavirus, we compared the classical cut-off method with a binary mixture model set in a Bayesian framework. We show that it performs similarly or better than cut-off methods, by comparing with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) results. We therefore recommend binary mixture models as an analysis tool over classical cut-off methods. An example code is included to facilitate the practical use of binary mixture models in everyday practice.
The Current Landscape of Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Viruses as Novel Therapies for Brain Malignancies
Authors: Bernstock Joshua D. , Hoffman Samantha E. , Chen Jason A. , Gupta Saksham , Kappel Ari D. , Smith Timothy R. , Chiocca E. Antonio
Published: June 2021

Despite advances in surgical resection and chemoradiation, high-grade brain tumors continue to be associated with significant morbidity/mortality. Novel therapeutic strategies and approaches are, therefore, desperately needed for patients and their families. Given the success experienced in treating multiple other forms of cancer, immunotherapy and, in particular, immunovirotherapy are at the forefront amongst novel therapeutic strategies that are currently under investigation for incurable brain tumors. Accordingly, herein, we provide a focused mini review of pertinent oncolytic herpes viruses (oHSV) that are being investigated in clinical trials.
Left Atrial Mural Thrombosis and Hemopericardium in a Dog with Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease
Authors: Caivano Domenico , Marchesi Maria , Birettoni Francesco , Lepri Elvio , Porciello Francesco
Published: June 2021

A 14-year-old mixed-breed dog with a 2-year history of myxomatous mitral valve disease was examined for collapse and lethargy. At the presentation, pale oral mucous membranes, rapid and weak femoral pulses, and muffled heart sounds with a moderate left apical systolic murmur were revealed. Echocardiographic examination showed pericardial effusion with organized echogenic material originating from the left atrial wall. Tamponade of the right atrium and severe left atrial enlargement were also observed. Multiple views of the left atrium and left auricle allowed to visualize a hyperechoic mass adherent to the endocardium of the left atrial wall. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography study allowed to rule out active intrapericardial hemorrhages, and echo-guided pericardiocentesis was performed. No recurrence of pericardial effusion was observed, but the dog suddenly died after 10 days. The postmortem examination confirmed multifocal left atrial thrombosis attached to the endomyocardial tears.
Application of Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics to Particular Flow Cases Solved by Saint-Venant Equations
Authors: Fadl-Elmola Salman A. M. , Ciocan Cristian Moisescu , Popescu Ioana
Published: June 2021

Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is a Lagrangian mesh free particle method which has been developed and widely applied to different areas in engineering. Recently, the SPH method has also been used to solve the shallow water equations, resulting in (SPH-SWEs) formulations. With the significant developments made, SPH-SWEs provide an accurate computational tool for solving problems of wave propagation, flood inundation, and wet-dry interfaces. Capabilities of the SPH method to solve Saint-Venant equations have been tested using a SPH-SWE code to simulate different hydraulic test cases. Results were compared to other established and commercial hydraulic modelling packages that use Eulerian approaches. The test cases cover non-uniform steady state profiles, wave propagation, and flood inundation cases. The SPH-SWEs simulations provided results that compared well with other established and commercial hydraulic modeling packages. Nevertheless, SPH-SWEs simulations experienced some drawbacks such as loss of inflow water volume of up to 2%, for 2D flood propagation. Simulations were carried out using an open source solver, named SWE-SPHysics.
Study on the Pricing of Water Rights Transaction between Irrigation Water Users Based on Cooperative Game in China
Authors: Guan Xinjian , Du Qiongying , Zhang Wenge , Wang Baoyong
Published: June 2021

China’s water rights transaction is still in the initial stage of development. There is no systematic pricing method for water rights transactions between farmers. This paper puts forward a pricing model of water rights transactions among farmers in water-deficient areas. The price of water rights transaction consists of cost price and earnings price. The earnings price is determined by studying the crop water production function, calculating the crop’s marginal benefit of the two parties, and combining the Cooperative Game Theory. Finally, the pricing model was applied to the water rights transactions among the farmers of Hetao Irrigation District of Bayannaoer City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Results showed that under the A4 trading strategy, the overall income increased without losing the interests of any farmer. The increasing income of the three farmer households N1, N2, and N3 after the alliance was 8.14 thousand dollars, 4.66 thousand dollars, and 20.33 thousand dollars, respectively, and the water rights transaction prices of N3 and N1, N2 were respectively 0.485 $/m3, 0.565 $/m3. It is estimated that the model can provide a scientific basis for water rights trading between farmers and the efficient use of water resources.
Features Of The Model Of The Relationship Between Patients And Medical Professionals In The Treatment Of Complications COVID-2019
Authors: Romanova Tat’yana , Suhacheva Nadejda Nikolaevna
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the problems of doctor-patient relationships in the context of a new type of coronavirus pandemic. The study was conducted using a questionnaire survey of 34 patients of the infectious diseases hospital, organized on the basis of the city hospital. According to the data obtained, all patients were satisfied with the medical care provided. Respondents noted a high level of care of doctors about their health. The survey also showed a high level of implementation of the patient’s rights to autonomy. Patients noted the difficult working conditions of medical workers. They consider the awarding of state awards to doctors to be justified. In addition, respondents consider the amount of additional payments to medical workers for their work to be insufficient. In conclusion, the author notes the formation of a predominantly cooperative model of relationships between medical professionals and patients.
Effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) juice as a short-term water supplement during the peak production cycle in laying hens
Authors: GULTEPE Eyup Eren , IQBAL Aamir , ÇETİNGÜL İbrahim Sadi , UYARLAR Cangir , ÖZÇINAR Ümit , BAYRAM İsmail
Published: June 2021

The objective of the study was to explore the effects of pomegranate juice (PJ) as a water supplement on performance, egg quality, and blood parameters in laying hens. For this purpose, a total of 72 Babcock laying hens, were divided into three groups, one control and two experiments (n = 24). Each main group consists of 4 subgroups, and each subgroup consists of 6 chickens. PJ was administered in drinking water at 0%, 5%, and 10% to the experimental groups for 4 weeks. Feed was offered to all groups ad libitum. The addition of PJ had no significant effect on performance parameters, Haugh unit, and egg breaking strength. The yolk color of the 5% PJ group was found to be lighter than the control and other experimental groups (P<0.05). The PJ did not affect serum glucose levels, serum lipid profile, liver enzyme levels, serum total protein levels, most of the hematological parameters, and serum Ca:P ratio in the present study, whereas there were linear and quadratic dose responses in AST, ALT, and HDL. Serum total Ca and P levels of 5% PJ supplemented birds were lower than 10% supplemented PJ birds, whereas it was similar to the control for both (P<0.05). Serum IgG levels were lower in both treatment groups than the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, using 5% of PJ as a short-term water supplement have some specific effects on the cholesterol metabolism of laying hens rather than performance and immunity.
Vitiligo ile Serum 25(OH) D Vitamini İlişkisi
Authors: TERZİ Erdinç
Published: June 2021

Giriş ve Amaç: Vitiligo hastalarında serum 25-hidroksivitamin D (25 (OH) D) seviyelerini incelemek ve sağlıklı bireylerden oluşan kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırarak serum 25 (OH) D seviyeleri ile vitiligo arasında olası bir ilişki olup olmadığı belirlemektir.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ekim 2017-Mart 2018 tarihleri arasında vitiligo tanısı konulan 45 hasta ve 83 sağlıklı birey çalışmaya alındı.Çalışma grubunun serum D vitamini düzeyleri yüksek performans likit kromatografi yöntemi ile değerlendirildi.Ayrıca serum paratiroid hormon kalsiyum, fosfor, alkalen fosfataz seviyeleri de incelendi.

Bulgular: Çalışmamıza 9-55 yaş(ort 28,22 ± 7,1 ) arasındaki 45 hasta ve kontrol grubunda 18-58 yaş arası(ortalama: 34,38 ± 7.3) 83 sağlıklı birey katılmıştır.Vitiligolu hastalarda serum 25 (OH) D seviyeleri ortalama 22,19 ng / ml (8,42-80,1 ng / ml) olarak belirlendi. Kontrol grubunda ise serum 25 (OH) D seviyeleri ortalama 23,4 ng /ml(3-69,2 ng / ml) olarak belirlendi.. Her iki grup arasında serum D vitamini düzeyi arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark yoktu(p> 0.05).

Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar ışığında serum 25(OH) D vitamini ile vitiligo arasında herhangi bir ilişki bulunmamıştır.
Ortaokullarda Değerler Eğitimine İlişkin Öğretmen Görüşleri: Bir Durum Çalışması
Authors: SEZER Şenol
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ortaokullarda değerler eğitimine ilişkin öğretmen görüşlerini ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçla çalışma, nitel araştırma deseninde ve durum çalışması modelinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 30 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubu ölçüt örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir. Veriler, tümevarımsal içerik analizi ve betimsel analiz tekniği ile analiz edilmiş-tir. İçerik analizi sonucunda; değerler, yöntemler ve değerlerin öğretimi şeklinde üç ana tema belirlenmiştir. Öğretmenlerin görüşlerine göre, ortaokullarda öncelikle dürüstlük, yardımseverlik, saygı, hoşgörü, adalet, vatanseverlik, sorumluluk ve çalışkanlık gibi değerler kazandırılmalıdır. Katılımcılar, ortaokullarda değerlerin öğretiminde daha çok rol-model olma, örnek olay inceleme, drama tekniği ve öykü anlatma yöntem ve tekniklerinden yararlandıklarını ifade etmiştir. Katılımcılar ayrıca değerler eğitiminin süreklilik temelinde etkili bir planlama ve işbirliğine dayalı olarak yansıtma, özendirme ve örnek olma şeklinde sürdürülmesi gerektiğini ifade etmektedir. Değerlerin öğretim programlarında kazanımlar şeklinde yer alması, öğrenciler tarafından uygulamalı etkinliklerle içselleştirilmesi, öğret-menler, yöneticiler ve velilerin öğrencilere örnek olması gerektiği önerilmiştir.
ANALISIS HASIL BALAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA PADA METERI MATRIKS MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS E-LEARNING
Authors: Abdullah Abdul Wahab , Isa Dewi Rahmawaty , Podungge Nur Fajriani
Published: June 2021

This study aims to describe students' mathematics learning outcomes in matrix material through e-learning based learning. This research was conducted at SMK Negeri 2 Limboto with a descriptive method involving 21 students as the research sample selected by purposive sampling technique. Data collection was obtained from the results of mathematics learning tests involving several indicators, namely: (1) understanding, (2) application, (3) analysis, (4) synthesis, and (5) evaluation. The results showed that students' mathematics learning results through e-learning-based learning were in the poor category, which was indicated by the percentage of scores achieved by students of 69%.
MIND MAPPING MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA UNTUK KELAS IX SEMESTER GANJIL
Authors: Abbas Nurhayati , Ismail Yamin , Dayani Ni Luh Emi
Published: June 2021

The study s a qualitative descriptive approach, and his research type is the study of library studies. Researchers aim to project sub-sub materials through the mathematical mind mapping of major semester ix classes, researchers are trying to collect data by reading, studying understanding and analyzing books as well as research journals, accessing Internet sites, or documents related to mind mapping. Mind mapping is the most effective and efficient way to input, store and extract data from the brain or into the brain. It works according to the natural workings of our brain, thus optimizing all the human brain's potential and capacity. The manufacturing of the mind mapping process requires that a number of basic characteristics are attained. There is also the basic characteristic; Paper, colour, line, letter, keyword, key image, and structure. Thus basically the mind mapping process is based on the development of the mind mapping process, resulting in a mind mapping that can help teachers and students in the mathematical process during the difficult part of the semester, and can make learning more meaningful and enjoyable because the learning material is visible to the whole so that students can readily understand the material given.
ANALISIS SURVIVAL MENGGUNAKAN REGRESI WEIBULL PADA LAJU KESEMBUHAN PASIEN TUBERKULOSIS PARU DI RSUD ALOEI SABOE KOTA GORONTALO
Authors: Hasan Isran K , Pakaya Winni A. , Achmad Novianita , Isa Dewi Rahmawaty
Published: June 2021

This study was aimed at discussing survival analysis in Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients in Aloei Saboe using Weibull regression to find out the factors that influence the patient’s recovery rate. To analyze the survival time, the Kaplan-Meier curve is used then the process continues into Log-Rank Test to see the differences between groups in a curve. Weibull Regression is used to determine the significant factors based on a log-rank test in the rate of recovery of Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients. The results of the study concluded age, shortness of breath, fever, cough, history of illness and smoking habits are factors that significantly influence the rate of recovery of Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients.
The opinion of forensic expert in the field of DNA analysis in the light of a survey. Preferences and expectations of bodies of the criminal trial and the parties of criminal procedure
Authors:   Forensic Laboratory of the Regional Police Headquarters in Szczecin, Achrem Wojciech
Published: June 2021

The article presents the results of surveys conducted among district court judges, prosecutors and lawyers. The presented considerations relate to the following aspects of evidence materiał based on genetic polymorphism: preferences of judges, prosecutors and lawyers in relation to the statistical discussion of DNA analysis results, the tendency towards undertaking trial decisions or the selection of defence tactics based on the conclusions of a forensic DNA expert, defining the nuisance factors of DNA analysis opinion for the parties of criminal trial, the relevance of the characteristics of scientific evidence means for the judiciary. The analysis of the results of the survey revealed that both jury panels and trial parties expect the presentation ofthe finał results of statistical analysis. The most useful way of inference is testing the likelihood of alternative hypotheses based on a likelihood ratio. According to respondents, the information derived from forensic DNA expert opinion is of the great importance for undertaking trial decisions, regardless of the meaning of the remaining evidence. The analysis of the survey also results in the notion of a rational assessment of the survey results and correlating them with the data obtained from the other types of evidence. The most troublesome feature of scientific evidence is the long time that elapses from the moment of issuing an order for admission of expert evidence to the time of receiving the opinion. In contrast, the use of different analysis methods by forensic laboratories and the need of statistical discussion are not perceived as nuisance factors. According to the respondents, the most important feature of the opinion, based on the DNA polymorphism, is the ability to identify a person, even in case of family relation.
Use of molecular methods in identification of species, age and sex of insects useful in forensic entomology
Authors:   Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences in Bialowieża, Stojak Joanna
Published: June 2021

Forensic entomology uses insects to determine the time, cause and place of death. To this end, two entomological methods are used. The development-based method uses the patterns of insect larvae development under the specific thermal and environmental conditions. The succession-based method analyzes the sequence of insect succession on the body in various environmental conditions. The proper insect species identification is essential in both methods. In this article, the molecular methods of species, age and sex identification are presented such as DNA barcoding or DNA-HRM-PCR.
Identification of MP3 encoders and recording equipment based on examination subjected to lossy date compression
Authors:   Internal Security Agency, Korycki Rafał
Published: June 2021

The paper outlines the problem of identification of MP3 encoders and recording devices based on the analysis of audio recordings subjected to lossy date compression. The proposed method can be used as a support for other solutions used to detect double compression and discontinuities. The approach is based on the statistical analysis of the variables obtained directly from the MP3 data stream and constitute an inherent element of compression performance. Designated vectors consisting of 46 features were used as training sequences of linear discriminant analysis (LDA), one of the most popular supervised machine learning algorithms. The effectiveness of this algorithms for the identification of MP3 encoders and recording equipment was tested on a music database consisting of nearly one million MP3 files, specially prepared for this purpose. The results of the research were discussed in the context of the influence of compression parameters on the ability to detect falsification in digital audio recordings.
The significance of ricochet marks in finding bullets at the shooting scene and in determining shooter location
Authors:   CNBOP-PIB, Mazur Julia , Faliszewski Paweł ,   CNBOP-PIB
Published: June 2021

The article offers an overview of the ricochet phenomenon. The authors addresses the issue of examining bullet trajectories that have been deflected as a result of coming into contact with different types of obstacles. Ricochet marks are used by forensic experts to determine bullet trajectory, pattern, caliber and shooter location. Finding the ricocheted projectiles is difficult due to the fact that the angles of incidence (impact) and reflection are not equal. This article, devoted to ballistics and ricochet phenomenon, is based on the findings of the study conducted by specialists of the MWD Academy, Volgograd, Russia. The above study involved the use of a small semiautomatic 5.45 mm PSM pistol. Experimental firing was conducted with 5.45 mm pistol cartridges with central ignition (MPC); 2.5 g steel-core bullet; 0.15-0.17 g powder charge (Sf 040 gunpowder); muzzle velocity: 315–325 m/s. The shooting targets involved 16 mm particleboards (DSP) covered with laminate and without laminate, removed from old furniture. The results of 17 experimental firings are shown in this article. For all the firing trials, the muzzle was positioned at a distance of 2 m from the anticipated impact site. Based on the obtained results, it can be inferred that for all the ricochet incidents, the angle of reflection was greater than the angle of incidence. The projectile penetrated the particleboard over a certain distance and exited out the front site. The analysis of findings will in the future serve the formulation of the conclusions about the shooting scene, including finding the projectiles. The authors developed the following sequence of recommended expert activities: determining the type of projectile, trajectory, angles of incidence and reflection, shooter position and finally, the search for a projectile.
Improving the readability of fingerprints of corpses using Ardrox and stamp ink
Authors:   Warsaw Metropolitan Police Forensic Laboratory, Wójcik Artur , Rogoża Ewa ,   Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police, Drzewiecka Katarzyna ,   Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police, Wudarczyk Marcin ,   Warsaw Metropolitan Police Forensic Laboratory
Published: June 2021

Fingerprinting of corpses is more difficult than fingerprinting of living people. The level of difficulty of fingerprinting the fingertips depends on the condition of the corpse. Despite a variety of known methods of skin elastification and improvement of readability of fingerprints, better and more effective methods providing higher level of identification corpses are being sought. This publication presents the course and results of the analysis involving the potential use of Ardrox and stamp ink to improve the readability of fingerprints of corpses in various condition. The above methods were compared to the standard techniques used in forensic examination — black fingerprint ink and English soot. Obtained findings point to both methods as being highly effective in improving the readability of the fingerprints of corpses.
Investigating the causes of fires. Spontaneous combustion of plant material
Authors:   Central Mining Institute in Katowice, Dworakowski Andrzej
Published: June 2021

The article describes the process of spontaneous combustion of plant material. It is divided according to the various development phases of the process. The topic of spontaneous combustion of plant material is presented in general terms in the context of biological and chemical processes. The included photographic documentation provides comparative and educational material for those involved in the investigation of causes of fires but also for those who are responsible for the safety of plant material storage. The author’s aim was to indicate important details related to the examination of stored material and investigation of fire sites. The purpose of the conducted study was to show and explain the poorly known topic of combustion as well as to define the general investigation schemes. The information included in the article will help to classify the stored plant material into the correct phase of spontaneous combustion and assess, in a simple manner, if there are already any risks present. It can also help to develop means of protection of the stored plant material from fire and prevent from losing large property of high value. Spontaneous combustion of organic material exists and constitutes an important cause of fires in rural areas. The increasing quality of storage buildings, which are airtight, leads to inadequate ventilation of the stored material and results in the lack of proper cooling and drying mechanisms. The material stacked in large amounts cannot cool down and retains high humidity. Consequently, the material stored in this way is susceptible to spontaneous combustion.
Test strips for examining reactivity of fingerprints visualization methods on absorptive surfaces with amino acids
Authors:   Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police, Szczepański Tomasz , Więckiewicz Urszula ,   Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police, Klemczak Krzysztof ,   Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police
Published: June 2021

This article provides the results of research on the uniformity of amino acid test strips used with fluorescent DFO method. Ready to use amino acid test strips made of the absorptive material containing four reactive fields of exponentially decreasing amino acid concentrations, designed for DFO, ninhydrin, 1,2-indanedione methods were used in the study. The test strips were treated with DFO solution in order to measure the fluorescence emission level of DFO-amino acid reaction product for respective reaction fields. Based on the obtained results, the repeatability of emitted fluorescence measurements was observed, thus confirming the usability of test strips in DFO method verification of newly prepared reagents as well as the use of this method in routine laboratory work. Based on the findings, it should be assumed that test strips are also effective and suitable for verification of correctness of preparation of working solutions for the remaining amino acid based fingerprint visualization methods such as: ninhydrin, 1,2-indanedione, and 1,2-indanedione with zinc chloride.
Forensic aspects of the search for corpses
Authors: Stojer-Polańska Joanna , Lisowicz Marek , Gołębiowski Jan ,   Center of Forensic Psychology
Published: June 2021

This article focuses on the topic of searching for human corpses. Such searches are conducted when murder, suicide or unexplained disappearance is suspected, with the circumstances of the case indicating that the person is probably dead. The following search methods are described: use of a specially trained dog, groundpenetrating radar method, phosphate method, sonar method, test excavation method, water search methods. The profiling of murder perpetrators is also discussed since the way the corpse is treated and the site at which it is concealed are valuable tips for the detection and collection of evidence. Presented are also aspects of interdisciplinary cooperation in unexplained cases in which murder is suspected but the corpse has not been discovered, such as cooperation with profiler and experts in different scientific disciplines.
Forensic botany: current state of knowledge and possible applications in investigative practice
Authors:   Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Bajerlein Daria , Wojterska Maria ,   Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Grewling Łukasz ,   Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Kokociński Mikołaj ,   Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
Published: June 2021

Forensic botany is a science that studies biological traces of plant origin with regard to their practical usefulness as evidence used in judicial proceedings. Among the disciplines of forensic botany, the following have the widest application: palynology, plant anatomy, diatomology, plant ecology and plant molecular biology. It has been shown that the knowledge of plants can be used to determine the connections between the alleged perpetrator, victim and crime scene. In practice, the methods of forensic botany have been used to identify locations where the hostages were held or the sites of concealment of a corpse, distinguish between the place of the incident and that where the victim was abandoned, identify the perpetrator, the cause and time of death, unravel drug distribution networks, clarify the circumstances of plant and animal smuggling as well as war crimes. Despite the fact that the suitability of forensic botany for determining the circumstances of criminal events has been repeatedly confirmed, this science remains largely underestimated and scarcely used. This article presents the current state of knowledge in the field of forensic botany, characterizes its specific disciplines, possibilities and limitations relating to the application of the methods of forensic botany in investigative practice as well as outlines the perspectives of its further development.
Capabilities of WITU relating to identification of explosives and the components containing thereof
Authors:   Military Institute of Armament Technology (WITU), Kamieńska-Duda Agata , Czerwińska Magdalena ,   Military Institute of Armament Technology (WITU), Kasprzak Piotr ,   Military Institute of Armament Technology (WITU)
Published: June 2021

The Military Institute of Armament Technology (WITU) is an accredited body performing expertises for prosecutors and courts, both civilian and military. Modern equipment allows a thorough analysis of the individual cases regarding the possession of explosives and ammunition within the meaning of law. WITU is equipped in such devices as DSC-TG, HPLC-PDA and GC-FID, used for confirming the origin of materials sampled from evidence. In addition, WITU owns an x-ray radiography system enabling preliminary, non-destructive testing, aimed at determining the structure of a compound and confirming its effectiveness.
Implementation of „Human Factors” in the safety analysis of human resource management process
Authors:   Silesian University of Technology, Fellner Andrzej , Osowski Mariusz ,   GTL S.A.
Published: June 2021

The present article is based on the findings of scientific research conducted within the FP7-GALILEO-2011- GSA-1 project, acronym SHERPA (Support ad-Hoc to Eastern Region Pre-operational Actions in GNSS”[1]). The implementation of novel techniques and technologies triggered the requirement for preparation of a safety case, while generating a scientific problem of how this should be done. The working hypothesis adopted was verified both theoretically and empirically, while the obtained results allowed the development of a new model for assessing risks related to the implementation of satellite techniques and technologies for the purposes of aviation, upon which the safety case was built. The model was adopted at the international forum during the SHERPA project workshops (Eurocontrol and GSA). This article discusses only issues related to human factors, which are essential for the Safety Management System (SMS) and the subject of permanent certified trainings in the aviation industry. The model was developed which underwent positive empirical verification and became the subject of training offered to the Staff of the Voivodeship Inspectorate of Road Transport, for the first time in Poland. Based on scientific research conducted and its results, it can be concluded that the implementation of organizational, technical or legał solutions requires the safety case to be built using the model presented herein. Additionally, human factors training is an indispensable SMS element and it should be applied to every sphere of human activity, particularly those involving human resource management
Aviation as a specific field for issuing opinions by court experts
Authors:   Silesian University of Technology, Konieczka Robert
Published: June 2021

This article attempts to provide a synthetic presentation of aviation as an area amenable to issuing opinions by court-appointed experts in the field. It presents basic issues concerning the participation of aviation experts in legal proceedings related to aviation, especially to air accidents. As indicated, aviation is an interdisciplinary industry employing highly diversified equipment. Subsequently, the article illustrates the role of an aviation expert in the proceedings conducted by law enforcement and judicial authorities, related to accident occurrence and other infringements of aviation law regulations. Basic issues that may be brought to the attention of the body conducting the proceedings are defined. The article emphasizes the uniqueness of the objectives of criminal proceedings and the activities aimed at determining the cause of an accident undertaken by the State Commission on Aircraft Accidents lnvestigation. The author’s long-term practice as an aviation expert witness was exploited to familiarize the reader with aviation-related issues, which can be helpful in conducting a pre-trial procedure, in particular its initial phase.
Kompleks Koaservasyon Yöntemi ile Gül (Rosaceae Centifolia) Yağının Jelatin ve Aljinat ile Mikroenkapsülasyonu
Authors: AKIN ŞAHBAZ Deniz
Published: June 2021

Mikroenkapsülasyon, günümüzde gıda, ilaç, tarım, tekstil, kozmetik, biyomedikal gibi endüstrilerde aktif bileşen stabilitesinin ve biyoaktif özelliklerinin korunması için sıklıkla başvurulan, aktif maddelerin etrafını bir ya da birden çok kaplama maddesi ile sarılmasını sağlayan bir teknolojidir. Ülkemiz için ticari öneme sahip olan ve anti-kanser, antioksidan, antiseptik, hipolipidemik, antidiyabetik, antimikrobiyal ve antibakteriyel özellikleri nedeniyle geniş uygulama alanı bulabilecek gül yağı, oda sıcaklığında hidrokarbon grubu bileşen oranının artmasıyla katılaşmaya başlamakta ve karakteristik özelliklerini kaybetmektedir. Bu nedenle yapılan bu çalışma ile, duvar materyali olarak jelatin ve aljinat kullanılarak, kompleks koaservasyon metodu ile gül yağının mikroenkapsüle edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sentez sırasında farklı oranlarda jelatin/aljinat içeren mikrokapsüller (3J/2A/GY, 4J/2A/GY, 5J/2A/GY, 6J/2A/GY) elde edilmiş olup, jelatin/aljinat oranının mikrokapsülleme verimi, % yüzey yağı, % toplam yağ miktarı ve enkapsülasyon etkinliği üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. 6J/2A/GY mikrokapsüllerinin % 85,5 mikrokapsülleme verimi, 50,1 % toplam yağ, % 88,0 enkapsülasyon etkinliği ile en yüksek özelliklere sahip olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Mikrokapsüllerin morfolojileri ve oluşumları taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ile incelenmiş olup, kaplama materyal oranının mikrokapsüllerin oluşumlarında önemli etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, mikrokapsüllerin termal kararlılıkları diferansiyel termal analiz ve termogravimetrik (DTA-TG) analiz ile incelenmiş olup, mikrokapsüllerin yüksek sıcaklıklarda bile termal kararlılıklarını koruduğunu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışma ile elde edilen sonuçlara göre gül yağı içeren mikrokapsüllerin; parfümeri, kozmetik, sağlık ve tekstil sektöründe önemli kullanım alanları bulabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Techniques for Apply Predictive Maintenance and Remaining Useful Life: A Systematic Mapping Study
Authors: AY TÜRE Begüm , AKBULUT Akhan , ZAİM Abdül Halim
Published: June 2021

With prognostic activities, it is possible to predict the remaining useful life (RUL) of industrial systems with high accuracy by following the current health status of devices. In this study, we have collected 199 articles on predictive maintenance and remaining useful life. The aim of our systematic mapping study is to determine which techniques and methods are used in the areas of predictive maintenance and remaining useful life. Another thing we aim is to give an idea about the main subject to the researchers who will work in this field. We created our article repository by searching databases such as IEEE and Science Direct with certain criteria and classified the articles we obtained. By applying the necessary inclusion and exclusion criteria in the article pool we collected, the most appropriate articles were determined and our study was carried out through these articles. When we focused on the results, it was learned that the SupportVector Machine algorithm is the most preferred predictive maintenance method. Most studies aimed at evaluating the performance and calculating the accuracy of the results used the Root Mean Square Error algorithm. In our study, every method and algorithm included in the articles are discussed. The articles were examined together with the goals and questions we determined, and results were obtained. The obtained results are explained and shown graphically in the article. According to the results, it is seen that the topics of predictive maintenance and remaining useful lifetime provide functionality and financial gain to the environment they are used in. Our study was concluded by light on many questions about the application of predictive maintenance.
Public Space: Activation v. De-Activation
Authors:   Texas Tech University, Ellis Clifton C. , Isern David J. ,   Texas Tech University
Published: June 2021

Historically, the great cities of the world have built public spaces that have often been used as venues for spectacle, and displays of power and status. These public venues are part of the identity of these cities and have an importance and influence far beyond their physical dimensions or geometric shapes. They are all platforms that accommodate, both physically and metaphorically, the various expressions of a society. This paper will address historical events and their transcendency within the context of the city and their historical importance and effect in a larger global context. In addition, it will apply theoretical concepts about city space and the public sphere through an application of post-structuralist theory, critical theory, and social capital theory.1
Healing the City: Elemental Constructions and the Universal Language of Architecture
Authors:   The Cooper Union, Veledar Mersiha
Published: June 2021

There is a bridge in the city I knew in my childhood, a bridge so breathtaking, one would not believe that within its many layers of smooth tenelia stone, there lie millions of eggshells tectonically binding what was once known as the widest arch in the world of that era. Having lived through the dissolution of the seven states that comprised the melting pot of former Yugoslavia and the 1992–1995 brutal genocide of Bosniaks in Mostar, a city of ancient bridge-keepers known as “Mostari,” I’ve directly witnessed the effects of man-made disasters as a strategic form of cultural erasure. This paper aims to critically explore my search towards ‘universality’ in the language of architecture vis-à-vis a sequence of elemental typologies as the new design objective that could challenge and begin to heal variant sites that have endured political, economic and cultural injustices across the world.
Instrumentality of the Labor: Architectural Labor and Resistance in 19th Century India
Authors:   University of Cincinnati, Mallick Bhaswar
Published: June 2021

19th century British historians, while glorifying ancient Indian architecture, legitimized Imperialism by portraying a decline. To deny vitality of native architecture, it was essential to marginalize the prevailing masons and craftsmen – a strain that later enabled portrayal of architects as cognoscenti in the modern world. Now, following economic liberalization, rural India is witnessing a new hasty urbanization, compliant of Globalization. However, agrarian protests and tribal insurgencies evidence the resistance, evocative of that dislocation in the 19th century; the colonial legacy giving way to concerns of internal neo-colonialism.
Architectural Ghosts: Storytelling and the Urban Imaginary
Authors:   University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Cope Zoe Lynne
Published: June 2021

‘Architectural Ghosts’ proposes architecture as a series of eleven speculative cities that function as characters engaged in a theatrical masque set in contemporary Rome, Italy. The project challenges traditional methods of architectural preservation and memory by presenting a new way to imagine history at the intersection of narrative and architecture. ‘Architectural Ghosts’ seeks to qualify experiences of architecture, performance and the social imaginary as catalyzed by the urban environment.
Evaluasi Ketelitian Model Mock Dalam Prediksi Aliran Rendah (Daerah Aliran Sungai Rokan Pos Duga Air Pasir Pangaraian)
Authors: Yusman Dickky , Fauzi Manyuk , Lilis Handayani Yohanna
Published: June 2021

Model Mock merupakan model hujan-aliran yang sering digunakan untuk menganalisis sistem DAS dalam prediksi respon hidrologi dari suatu masukan kejadian hujan. Model Mock memerlukan pengujian kalibrasi dan verifikasi untuk memperoleh variasi parameter model terbaik dan hasil debit simulasi mengikuti pola data debit lapangan. Pengujian model Mock dilakukan dengan 7 parameter yaitu koefisien infiltrasi musim basah (WIC), koefisien infiltrasi musim kering (DIC), faktor resesi aliran tanah (K), singkapan lahan (m), kapasitas kelembaban tanah (SMC), kelembaban tanah awal (ISM), penyimpanan air tanah awal (IGWS) dan analisis berdasarkan beberapa kriteria penilaian kinerja model. Kriteria penilaian kinerja model yang digunakan yaitu koefisien korelasi (R) dan koefisien efisiensi model Nash-Sutcliffe. Hasil uji kalibrasi didapatkan nilai koefisien korelasi (R) sebesar 0,999 yang termasuk kategori kuat dan setelah di verifikasi menjadi sebesar 0,120 yang termasuk kategori rendah. Nilai kalibrasi koefisien efisiensi Nash-Sutcliffe sebesar 0,064 dan setelah diverifikasi menjadi sebesar -0,242.
Uji Eksperimental Penggunaan Zat Additif Mastersure 1007 Terhadap Workobility Dan Waktu Ikat Beton
Authors: Husnah  , Almagany Razy
Published: June 2021

Penggunaan bahan tambah pada beton merupakan suatu inovasi yang dapat berkembang sesuai kebutuhan dalam penggunaan beton pada pekerjaan kontruksi. Penggunaan bahan tambah ditujukan untuk mengubah ataupun memperbaiki sifat beton agar sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan pekerjaan tertentu seperti mempercepat dan memperlambat pengikatan dan mempermudah pekerjaan (workability). Untuk mengatasi permasalahan dilapangan jarak tempuh yang jauh yang mampu memperlambat waktu ikat semen dapat digunakan Jenis bahan tambah yang digunakan bersifat kimiawi (chemical admixture), dalam hal ini bahan tambah (admixture) MasterSure® 1007 Tipe G, yang mana kandungan Retarder lebih dominan daripada Superplasticiser. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan MasterSure® 1007 dalam campuran beton terhadap nilai slump dan waktu ikat beton. Metode penelitian yang digunakan merupakan metode eksperimental, dengan cara membuat benda uji (sampel). Benda uji yang menggunakan bahan tambah MasterSure® 1007 sebesar 0,8%, 0,9%, 1%, 1,1%, 1,2%, 1,3% dan 1,4% dari berat semen sesuai dengan Job Mix Design. Pengujian pada penelitian adalah penggujian Slump Test dan Penetration Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada variasi penambahan  MasterSure 1007 dari dosis terkecil yaitu 0,8% sampai dosis terbesar yaitu 1,4% rata-rata mempunyai nilai slump optimum pada umur 3 jam pengecoran. Pada umur 4 jam pengecoran dapat dilihat bahwa semua variasi mengalami penurunan slump dikarenakan reaksi retarder pada zat additif MasterSure 1007 sudah mulai habis. Hal ini menyebabkan zat additif MasterSure 1007 yang memiliki kandungan superplasticizer mulai bekerja sehingga mempercepat hidrasi semen pada beton. Hasil penetrasi test didapatkan pada variasi Beton normal, 0,8%, sampai 1,4% masing-masing yaitu waktu pengikatan awal dari 75menit;150 lbs/in2, 360menit;120lbs/in2, 360 menit;170lbs/in2, 420menit;160lbs/in2, 540menit;120lbs/in2,720 menit;120lbs/in2 dan pengikatan akhir dan pengikatan akhir masing-masing 150 menit; 700lbs/in2, 540 menit; 700lbs/in2, 600 menit; 700lbs/in2, 720 menit; 700lbs/in2, 840 menit;700;bs/in2,1080 menit ; 700lbs/in2
Perbandingan Kebutuhan Biaya-Waktu Alat-Alat Berat Antara Hitungan Kontraktor Dan Permen PUPR No. 28/PRT/M/ 2016
Authors: Setiani Yulia , Zulmi A.Nishar , Jusi Ulfa
Published: June 2021

Pembuatan sumur baru untuk perusahaan minyak  membutuhkan berbagai macam alat-alat berat. Pekerjaannya menimbun dan memadatkan tanah. Tujuan penggunaan alat berat untuk mempercepat penyelesaian pekerjaan, menghemat tenaga kerja, bekerja lebih ekonomis, dan hasil kerja yang lebih optimal. Permasalahan pada proyek yang menjadi studi kasus adalah kontraktor tidak optimal  menentukan  jumlah alat berat dan biaya keseluruhan proyek. Karena itu perlu suatu studi perbandingan perhitungan kebutuhan alat-alat berat, antara perhitungan kontraktor dan perhitungan mengacu pada Permen PU No. 28/ 2016 tentang analisis harga satuan pekerjaan bidang Sumber Daya Air (SDA) Bagian 2. Hasil perhitungan  kontraktor tidak efisien dibandingan dengan metode perhitungan SDA. Kontraktor menggunakan 2 unit excavator, 8 unit dump truck, 2 unit bulldozer, 2 unit compactor dan biaya operasi alat berat Rp 343.340.000,00. Sedangkan hasil perhitungan dengan menggunakan metode SDA menggunakan 1 unit excavator, 4 unit dump truck, 1 unit bulldozer, 1 unit compactor dan biaya alat berat sebesar Rp 307.676.863,00