bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FRAMEWORK FOR ASSESSING SERVICEABILITY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC RISK ASSOCIATED WITH PPPS PROJECTS IN LIBYA
Authors: Marzouk Mohammed , El-Hesnawi Mahmoud
Published: November 2018

On a global scale, limited financing for the development and operation of infrastructure projects has pushed authorities to encourage private investors to enter public-private partnerships (PPPs). In this respect, procurement of infrastructure projects such as bridges, water plants, airports, and roads has been adopted through PPPs. This has also applied to the oil-rich country of Libya which experienced severe economic and political problems in the past decade. This paper presents a systematic framework for risk assessment and appraisal of PPPs infrastructure projects. This framework is capable of identifying probable adverse effects that represent key influential factors on the private sector in a socio-economic environment and related to key performance indicators (KPIs) in order to assess the operational efficiency in developing and financing infrastructure projects. This framework proposes a new integrated system that comprises of the following: fault tree, artificial neural networks, and analytical network process. The aim of this system is to ensure sustainable availability of finances that are considered essential for the development of PPPs infrastructure projects in Libya. considering different alternative funding models, it suggests a means of auditing PPPs structure to carry out improved performance for PPPs projects in Libya.
PREDICTION OF DEPTH TEMPERATURE OF ASPHALT LAYERS IN HOT CLIMATE AREA
Authors: Solatifar Nader , Abbasghorbani Mojtaba , Kavussi Amir , Sivilevičius Henrikas
Published: November 2018

In determination of flexible pavement layers moduli using Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD), the pavement depth temperature should be determined and then the moduli should be corrected into a reference temperature. As direct measurement of pavement temperature is time consuming and is difficult to be determined in trafficked roads, some models are developed to predict temperature of asphalt layers through pavement depth, including BELLS model. The objective of this research is to determine correlation between actual measurement and prediction of temperature variations through asphalt layers with applying BELLS model. Ten new and rehabilitated pavement sites were selected in hot climate regions in Khuzestan and Kerman provinces in southern part of Iran. In typical hot summer days, pavement temperatures were measured at half and at one-third of the depth of asphalt layers and FWD testing were performed. Results indicated that a linear regression analysis of BELLS predicted temperatures versus measured values, provides very good correlation with actual field measurements of temperatures through the asphalt layers. Furthermore, predictions were more precise in rehabilitated pavements rather than in newly constructed pavements. Finally, using multi parametric linear fitting analysis, a new model was developed to accurately predict the temperature of asphalt layers in new pavements.
INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY FOR DETECTING DEFECTS IN CONCRETE STRUCTURES
Authors: Sirca Jr. Gene F. , Adeli Hojjat
Published: November 2018

The traditional methods for inspecting large concrete structures such as dams and cooling towers require erecting large amounts of scaffolding to access the surface of the concrete structure in order to sound the concrete with an impact device or hammer to expose the damaged or defective areas. Another method for accessing the surface of a large concrete structure is to employ climbing inspections which poses a considerable safety risk. These traditional methods are used to determine defect or damage within a few inches of the surface. In addition to the logistic difficulty of these methods a hammer can cause damage if care is not taken. Further, it can cover only a small area. Infrared Thermography (IRT), also referred to as thermal imaging, utilizes the infrared spectrum to show differences in heat dissipating from a structure using a thermal imaging camera. This paper presents a review of the IRT research for detecting defects in concrete structures. Health monitoring and damage detection of large structures such as bridges and high-rise buildings has been a very active area of research in recent years. The two main approaches explored by researchers are vibration-based health monitoring and camera-based vision technology. IRT remains to be another promising technology for economical health monitoring of structures.
Biosignature Anisotropy Modeled on Temperate Tidally Locked M-dwarf Planets
Authors: Chen Howard , Wolf Eric T. , Kopparapu Ravi , Domagal-Goldman Shawn , Horton Daniel E.
Published: November 2018

A planet’s atmospheric constituents (e.g., O2, O3, H2O
v
, CO2, CH4, and N2O) can provide clues to its surface habitability, and may offer biosignature targets for remote life detection efforts. The plethora of rocky exoplanets found by recent transit surveys (e.g., the Kepler mission) indicates that potentially habitable systems orbiting K- and M-dwarf stars may have very different orbital and atmospheric characteristics than Earth. To assess the physical distribution and observational prospects of various biosignatures and habitability indicators, it is important to understand how they may change under different astrophysical and geophysical configurations, and to simulate these changes with models that include feedbacks between different subsystems of a planet’s climate. Here we use a three-dimensional (3D) Chemistry–Climate model (CCM) to study the effects of changes in stellar spectral energy distribution (SED), stellar activity, and planetary rotation on Earth analogs and tidally locked planets. Our simulations show that, apart from shifts in stellar SEDs and UV radiation, changes in illumination geometry and rotation-induced circulation can influence the global distribution of atmospheric biosignatures. We find that the stratospheric day-to-nightside mixing ratio differences on tidally locked planets remain low (<20%) across the majority of the canonical biosignatures. Interestingly, however, secondary photosynthetic biosignatures (e.g., C2H6S) show much greater (∼67%) day-to-nightside differences, and point to regimes in which tidal locking could have observationally distinguishable effects on phase curve, transit, and secondary eclipse measurements. Overall, this work highlights the potential and promise for 3D CCMs to study the atmospheric properties and habitability of terrestrial worlds.
Psallus thomashenryi sp. n. and Psallus lucanicus from Turkey (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Miridae)
Authors: Carapezza Attilio , Kment Petr
Published: November 2018

Psallus (Psallus) thomashenryisp. n.(Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae: Phylini: Phylina) is described from southern Anatolia, Turkey. Illustrations of the dorsal habitus and male genitalia are provided. Its habitus is similar to other uniformly orange species of the subgenus Psallus Fieber, 1858, particularlyP.asthenicusSeidenstücker, 1966 from which it can be easily distinguished by the combination of extremely small size (2.3 mm in both sexes) and different morphology of the vesica. Psallus (Psallus) lucanicus Wagner, 1968 is recorded for the first time from Turkey. Psallus (Psallus) aurora (Mulsant & Rey, 1852) is removed from the list of Turkish fauna based on a reevaluation of the voucher specimen. An updated checklist of the species ofPsallusknown to occur in Turkey is provided. The relevance of Anatolia and the Syro-anatolian-transcaucasian region in the Palearctic distribution ofPsallusis discussed. The westernmost record of another mirid,PlagiognathusmarivanensisLinnavuori, 2010, is provided.
Nailfold Capillaroscopy Characteristics of Antisynthetase Syndrome and Possible Clinical Associations: Results of a Multicenter International Study
Authors: Sebastiani Marco , Triantafyllias Konstantinos , Manfredi Andreina , González-Gay Miguel Angel , Palmou-Fontana Natalia , Cassone Giulia , Drott Ulrich , Delbrück Christiane , Rojas-Serrano Jorge , Bertolazzi Chiara , Nuño Laura , Giannini Margherita , Iannone Florenzo , Vicente Esther F. , Castañeda Santos , Selva-O’Callaghan Albert , Trallero Araguas Ernesto , Emmi Giacomo , Iuliano Annamaria , Bauhammer Jutta , Miehle Nikolaus , Parisi Simone , Cavagna Lorenzo , Codullo Veronica , Montecucco Carlomaurizio , Lopez-Longo Francisco Javier , Martínez-Barrio Julia , Nieto-González Juan Carlos , Vichi Silvia , Confalonieri Marco , Tomietto Paola , Bergner Raoul , Sulli Alberto , Bonella Francesco , Furini Federica , Scirè Carlo Alberto , Bortoluzzi Alessandra , Specker Christof , Barsotti Simone , Neri Rossella , Mosca Marta , Caproni Marzia , Weinmann-Menke Julia , Schwarting Andreas , Smith Vanessa , Cutolo Maurizio ,   The American and European Network of Antisynthetase Syndrome Collaborative Group
Published: November 2018

Objective.

To describe nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) features of patients with antisynthetase syndrome (AS) and to investigate possible correlations with clinical and serological features of the disease.

Methods.

We retrospectively analyzed NVC images of 190 patients with AS [females/males 3.63, mean age 49.7 ± 12.8 yrs, median disease duration 53.7 mos (interquartile range 82), 133 anti-Jo1 and 57 non–anti-Jo1-positive patients]. For each patient, we examined number of capillaries, giant capillaries, microhemorrhages, avascular areas, ramified capillaries, and the presence of systemic sclerosis (SSc)-like pattern. Finally, we correlated NVC features with clinical and serological findings of patients with AS. Concomitantly, a historical cohort of 75 patients with antinuclear antibody–negative primary Raynaud phenomenon (RP) and longterm followup was used as a control group (female/male ratio 4.13/1, mean age 53.9 ± 17.6 yrs) for NVC measures.

Results.

NVC abnormalities were observed in 62.1% of AS patients compared with 29.3% of primary RP group (p < 0.001). An SSc-like pattern was detected in 67 patients (35.3%) and it was associated with anti-Jo1 antibodies (p = 0.002) and also with a longer disease duration (p = 0.004). Interestingly, there was no significant correlation between the presence of SSc-like pattern and RP, and only 47% of patients with SSc-like pattern had RP.

Conclusion.

NVC abnormalities are commonly observed in AS, independently from the occurrence of RP. The presence of an SSc-like pattern could allow identification of a more defined AS subtype, and prospective studies could confirm the association with clinical and serological features of AS.
Quand y a-t-il Parthénon ?
Authors: Dawans Stéphane , Houbart Claudine
Published: November 2018

Contrairement aux idées reçues, les logiciens ne se complaisent pas forcément dans le formalisme scientiste. Au contraire, en utilisant des notions comme les intentions et les attentes, certains d’entre eux situent bel et bien l’évaluation des identités (et des authenticités) dans un cadre anthropologique. Ainsi, Théodore Scaltsas va-t-il jusqu’à soutenir que la reconstruction d’un objet à partir de ses propres matériaux est identique ou non selon qui opère cette reconstruction et avec quelles intentions. Les débats parfois cocasses qui opposent les logiciens au sujet de l’identité du bateau de Thésée ou du Parthénon peuvent bel et bien nous éclairer par-delà les cloisonnements disciplinaires. C’est ce que nous voulons illustrer dans cette contribution et dans notre projet d’anthologie en cours.
Étude en rouge : trois manières de tuer l’auteur
Authors: Viñas Salvador Muñoz , Morizot Jacque
Published: November 2018

Respecter l’intention de l’artiste est l’un des principaux critères en usage dans la conservation artistique, critère dont Werner et McLaren ont dit qu’il était « sans discussion » (ou « incontestable »). Toutefois on a des raisons de soupçonner que ce critère n’est pas si solide. Le cas des Harvard Murals de Rothko est choisi à titre d’exemple pour soutenir que le respect de l’intention de l’artiste peut de fait avoir des conséquences non désirées, voire désastreuses. Plusieurs penseurs ont effectivement soutenu que l’intention de l’artiste n’importe pas tant que cela, mettant toute la charge des phénomènes esthétiques du côté du spectateur : ce faisant, ils font écho à la métaphore bien connue de tuer l’auteur . Cet article entreprend de discuter les positions de certains de ces auteurs : leurs modus operandi sont très différents et même opposés, mais tous sont intéressants et ils contribuent à rendre suspect le fait que le respect de l’intention de l’artiste ne devrait justement pas être « sans discussion ».
Quelques enjeux philosophiques de la restauration : à partir des Harvard Murals de Rothko
Authors: Morizot Jacques
Published: November 2018

La restauration des Harvard Murals de Rothko en 2012 a mis en œuvre une solution originale qui laisse inchangée la matérialité de l’œuvre mais corrige les effets du vieillissement (décoloration) au moyen d’une projection lumineuse effectuée directement sur la surface picturale elle-même. Cette solution optique et informatique ingénieuse soulève des questions intéressantes sur le statut ontologique de l’œuvre particulière qui en résulte, sur le type d’expérience visuelle qui l’accompagne et sur les limites de l’hypothèse de l’objet physique dans le cas des arts visuels.
Pourquoi conserver les œuvres d’art et le patrimoine ?
Authors:  Pouivet Roger
Published: November 2018

Quelle est l’origine de notre attitude conservatrice et préservatrice à l’égard de l’art et du patrimoine ? Pour une grande part, elle résulte, à mon sens, de ce que j’appellerai une « hégélianisation de l’art ». Mais, la simple idée que l’art et d’autres artefacts manifestent notre spiritualité n’aurait-elle pas pu contenter l’homme moderne, sans pourtant qu’il se sente tenu de conserver les œuvres et le patrimoine ? Dans le détail, les opérations de conservation et de restauration à effectuer sont variables ; elles peuvent faire l’objet de discussions et même de débats. Il reste que l’identité d’une œuvre d’art est assurée par la persistance des propriétés matérielles. Sur les propriétés matérielles de certains artefacts surviennent des propriétés intentionnelles, non matérielles. Ces propriétés non matérielles comprennent leur signification. Ce à quoi nous fait accéder le patrimoine, ce sont, à travers l’attention aux choses matérielles, des traditions de rationalité, manifestant la destination spirituelle de l’humanité. C’est la raison, elle n’est donc pas mineure, pour laquelle nous conservons et préservons le patrimoine.
Ruines à l’œuvre
Authors: Fimiani Filippo
Published: November 2018

Les Sept Palais célestes ont été réalisés par Anselm Kiefer pour inaugurer le Hangar Bicocca de Milan, en 2004. Du fait d’une intervention sur le site en 2008, Les Sept Palais célestes ont été déplacés, conservés, réparés, et finalement réinstallés différemment en 2015, dans une nouvelle et définitive exposition où ils côtoient des tableaux. Ces ruines monumentales en béton armé, érigées autour de containers pré-assemblés, sont donc des ruines construites et reconstruites, des édifices de non-architecture métaphoriques associés à des matériaux divers et complémentaires qui sont considérés comme faisant partie intégrante de l’œuvre et produits par l’artiste en personne. Selon quelles précompréhensions et selon quelles valeurs a-t-on établi et réalisé l’opération de conservation et de restitution ? Selon quelle idée de l’identité ontologique, perceptuelle et sémantique de l’œuvre a-t-on reconfiguré l’expérience esthétique de cette installation qu’on ne peut plus sans difficulté qualifier d’ In situ  ?
Untitled (Say Goodbye, Catullus, to the shores of Asia Minor) , un paysage twomblien
Authors: Spathoni Anthi-Danaé
Published: November 2018

Quels sont les rapports au paysage dans l’œuvre de Cy Twombly ? Comment le paysage est-il présent ? Peut-on parler d’un paysage abstrait  ? Le but de cet article est d’étudier la notion du paysage et la manière dont elle se combine au vocabulaire abstrait de l’artiste. Nous tentons de décrire le fruit de cette combinaison et de l’inscrire dans un cadre théorique. Dans un deuxième temps, nous éprouvons cette démarche à travers l’analyse de l’œuvre Untitled Painting (Say goodbye Catullus to the shores of Asia Minor) , 1994.
Évolution et création artistique : de l’art évolutionniste
Authors: Mortu Ancuta
Published: November 2018

L’objectif de cet article est d’examiner la manière dont la création artistique s’imprègne d’une pensée de l’évolution pour faire émerger des formes nouvelles. Il s’agit notamment de jeter un regard attentif sur une pratique artistique récente appelée « art évolutionniste » en mettant en lumière le contexte d’émergence et antécédents historiques de ce processus créatif, les principes qui se trouvent à sa base, ainsi que les implications théoriques de l’usage artistique de l’analogie évolutive pour les catégories esthétiques traditionnelles.
Image et visage
Authors: Bernard-Nouraud Paul
Published: November 2018

Cet article en deux volets entend situer la critique de l’image qui traverse la philosophie d’Emmanuel Levinas et tend même à structurer au moins en partie son approche du visage. Il s’agit par conséquent de décrire dans un premier temps les conditions dans lesquelles s’amorce cette critique et de montrer combien elle continue à désorienter l’esthétique moderne depuis ses fondements. Dans un second temps toutefois, il appert qu’en cherchant ainsi à dégager le visage du soupçon d’ image qui pèse encore sur lui, Levinas signale la prégnance de l’ image à chacune des étapes de sa conceptualisation du visage , révélant finalement en creux le contexte historique dans l’ombre duquel il a placé sous œuvre.
3D Simulation of Dean Vortices at 30° Position of 180° Curved Duct of Square Cross-Section under Opposing Buoyancy
Authors: Mokeddem Mourad , Laidoudi Houssem , Bouzit Mohamed
Published: November 2018

3D numerical simulations are performed to analyze correctly the effect of opposing thermal buoyancy and Dean number on Dean vortices, fluid flow and heat transfer through 180° curved duct of square cross-section. Due to tremendous found results, this works emphasizes only at the position 30° of the bend portion. The governing equations involving momentum, continuity and energy are solved in three dimensions under these assumptions: the flow is laminar, steady-state and incompressible. The present study is investigated in the range of these conditions: Dean number of De = 125 to 150, Richardson number of Ri = 0 to 2 at Pr = 1. The principal obtained results are represented in forms of streamlines and isotherms to analyze and to discuss the found physical phenomena. The local Nusselt number along the wall of square cross-section is also computed and presented. The main found point is that the opposing thermal buoyancy has a tendency to eliminate the effect of centrifugal force at the position 30° of bend portion of 180° curved duct.
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Heat and Mass Transfer of Casson Fluid Flow Past a Semi-Infinite Vertical Plate with Thermophoresis Effect: Spectral Relaxation Analysis
Authors: Falodun Bidemi O. , Onwubuoya C. , Alamu F.H. Awoniran
Published: November 2018

In this paper, boundary layer flow of non-Newtonian Casson fluids past a semi-infinite porous plate in the presence of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and heat generation is explored. Fluids of this type act as solid elastic and they are very important in food technology, biological science, etc. The flow took place over a semi-infinite vertical porous plate. The presence of viscous dissipation in the flow equations plays a significant role on flows having high viscosity such as polymers and oils. Thermal radiation and heat generation plays a decisive role in the design of many advanced energy conversion system which operates at higher temperature. Hence, the present study is useful in food processing industries and thermal engineering processes. The flows governing equations are numerically solved with spectral relaxation method (SRM). SRM is an iterative procedure that employs the Gauss-siedel type of relaxation approach to linearize and decoupled the system of coupled differential equations. The influence of controlling parameters on velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are plotted in graphs. Furthermore, numerical computations of the local skin friction, local Nusselt number and local sherwood number are presented in tabular form. Results revealed that the presence of the thermophoresis in the concentration equation has great influence on the velocity and concentration profiles because increasing the thermophoresis parameter intensifies the velocity and concentration profiles.
Numerical Modeling of Heat and Specie Transfer in a Diffusion Dominated Continuum Model of Binary-Alloy Castings
Authors: Nzebuka Gaius Chukwuka , Waheed Mufutau Adekojo
Published: November 2018

A numerical modeling of diffusion-controlled heat and specie transfer using a source base method to determine evolution of liquid/solid fraction from energy equation both for constant densities in the phases and variable densities as a function of temperature and concentration was developed to predict macro-solute redistribution in binary alloy system. From the results, it is observed that there was a solute depleted zone near the chill surface and that, the source base method can be effectively implemented without the need for setting a large arbitrary value in determining the derivative of liquid fraction-temperature function . The cooling curve and the liquid volume fraction versus temperature profile shows a smooth transition from fully liquid to mushy zone and then to fully solid state, hence, adequate handling of the jump discontinuity was ensured. The liquid fraction-temperature relation outlined in this work is suitable for tracking the liquid/solid interface.
Knelpunte in die hedendaagse Westerse gesin
Authors: Steyn Anna F.
Published: November 2018

No abstract available.
Die analitiese filosofie en moderne teologiese strominge
Authors: Koekemoer J.H.
Published: November 2018

No abstract available.
Die soeke na 'n bybelse teologie
Authors: Oberholzer J.P.
Published: November 2018

No abstract available.
Die nuwe teologie – Alleen negatief of ook positief te beoordeel?
Authors: Smith D.J.
Published: November 2018

No abstract available.
Boekbespreking
Authors: Dreyer P.S. , Dreyer T.F.J. , Engelbrecht Johannes J. , Loader J.A. , V.d. Westhuizen H.G. , Viljoen C.J.
Published: November 2018

No abstract available.
Waar lê die wortels van die "sondige verskeurdheid" in die kontrovers Bosman-Goddefroy 1888–1890?
Authors: Botha S.J.
Published: November 2018

No abstract available.
Aleukemic Leukemia Cutis: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Karam Dhauna , Agrawal Bharat
Published: November 2018

Aleukemic leukemia cutis (LC) is an extremely rare clinical presentation. All patients eventually develop acute leukemia, mostly monocytic and myelomonocytic types. It is a diagnostic challenge, resolved by careful immunophenotyping and cytochemistry. The diagnosis indicates a poor prognosis. Here, we report a case of an 85-year-old white male with LC, who had normal peripheral blood and bone marrow histology. The fragility of our patient precluded any definite anti-leukemic therapy.
Multidisciplinary Treatment of Pediatric Low-Grade Glioma: Experience of Children Cancer Hospital of Egypt; 2007-2012
Authors: Fawzy Mohamed Ahmed , El-Hemaly Ahmed Ibrahim , Awad Madeeha , El-Beltagy Mohamed , Zaghloul Mohamed Saad , Taha Hala , Rifaat Amal , Mosaab Amal
Published: November 2018

Background: Pediatric gliomas comprise a clinically, histologically, and molecularly heterogeneous group of central nervous system tumors. The survival of children with gliomas influenced by histologic subtype, age, and extent of resection. Tumor grade emerged as the most determinant of survival except in the young age groups. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of multidisciplinary therapeutic approach including surgery and chemotherapy, and their impact on the outcome in pediatric patients with low-grade glioma (LGG). Procedure: Study patients were prospectively enrolled onto the study. All patients were below 18-year-old, diagnosed as LGG between July 2007 and June 2012. Upfront surgical resection was attempted in all tumors other than optic pathway sites. Systemic chemotherapy was given according to CCG-A9952 protocol. Results: Total/near-total resection in 105/227 (46.3%) without adjuvant treatment, while 49/227 patients (21.5%) underwent subtotal tumor resection followed by chemotherapy for big residual (n = 26). Follow-up only was indicated for asymptomatic/small residual (n = 23). The radiological diagnosis was set in 18/227 (7.9%) patients; 13/18 had optic pathway glioma. The 3-year overall survival (OS) was 87.3% versus 65.5% event free survival (EFS) for the whole study patients with a follow-up period of 1–5 years. The OS and EFS for patients who did surgery with no adjuvant treatment (n = 128) were, respectively, 95.2% and 77.3% versus 87.4% and 65.1% for adjuvant chemotherapy group (n = 99); (P = 0.015 and P = 0.016 for OS and EFS, respectively). Conclusion: Pediatric LGGs comprise a wide spectrum of pathological and anatomical entities that carry a high rate of prolonged survival among children and adolescents. Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment in most of tumors. Combined chemotherapy can be an acceptable alternative when surgery is not safely feasible.
Ecological Analysis to Study Association between Prevalence of Smokeless Tobacco Type and Head-and-Neck Cancer
Authors: Gholap Devyani Dilip , Chaturvedi Pankaj , Dikshit Rajesh Prabhakar
Published: November 2018

Context: Head-and-neck cancers (HNCs) are most common cancer in Indian cancer registries. However, there is a huge variation and heterogeneity in use of different types of smokeless tobacco (SLT) consumption across India. Aims: The aims and objectives of this study were to investigate how different types of SLT use are distributed across Indian states and examined its association with different subsites of HNC incidence rates. Settings and Design: Ecological analysis of correlation between SLT prevalence and incidence rates from population-based cancer registries. Methods: Incidence data was extracted from population-based cancer registries report from the National Cancer Registry Programme database 2012–2014. The current SLT uses the prevalence of all Indian States and Union territories from Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2009–2010. Statistical Analysis Used: Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to estimate an ecological correlation between the prevalence of types of SLT uses in different region of India and age-adjusted incidence rate of different subsites of HNC. Results: In our brief analysis, we found a significant correlation between certain types of SLT use and subsite of HNC. Betel quid and tobacco use are correlated (r = 0.53) with oropharynx cancer incidence. Khaini use is correlated with hypopharynx cancer incidence (r = 0.48). Gutka use is correlated with mouth cancer incidence (r = 0.54). Oral tobacco is correlated with mouth cancer incidence (r = 0.46). Other SLT use is correlated for hypopharynx cancer incidence (r = 0.47). Conclusions: The variations in SLT use across Indian states account for differences in incidence rates of HNC subsites across the states. The inferences from this brief analysis can be used as a base to modify and design observational epidemiological studies in the future.
Low Dose versus Standard Single Heartbeat Acquisition Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography
Authors: Di Cesare Ernesto , Di Sibio Alessandra , Gennarelli Antonio , Di Luzio Margherita , Casazza Ines , Splendiani Alessandra , Di Cesare Annamaria , Gravina Giovanni Luca , Barile Antonio , Masciocchi Carlo
Published: November 2018

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to compare image quality and mean radiation dose between two groups of patients undergoing coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) using a 640-slice CT scanner with two protocols with different noise level thresholds expressed as standard deviation (SD).

Materials and Methods:

Two-hundred and sixty-eight patients underwent a CCTA with 640 slice CT scanner. In the experimental group (135 patients), an SD 51 protocol was employed; in the control group (133 patients), an SD 33 protocol was used. Mean effective dose and image quality with both objective and subjective measures were assessed. Image quality was subjectively assessed using a five-point scoring system. Segments scoring 2, 3, and 4 were considered having diagnostic quality, while segments scoring 0 and 1 were considered having nondiagnostic quality. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) between the two groups as well as the effective radiation dose (ED) was finally assessed.

Results:

Comparative analysis considering diagnostic quality (2, 3, and 4 score) and nondiagnostic (score 0 and 1) quality demonstrated that image quality of SD 51 group is not significantly lower than that of S33 group. The noise was significantly higher in the SD 51 group than in the SD 33 group (P < 0.0001). The SNR and CNR were higher in the SD 33 group than in SD 51 group (P < 0.0001). Mean effective dose was 49% lower in the SD 51 group than in SD 33 group; indeed mean effective dose was 1.43 mSv ± 0.67 in the SD 51 group while it was 2.8 mSv ± 0.57 in the SD 33 group.

Conclusion:

Comparative analysis shows that using a 640-slice CT with a 51 SD protocol, it is possible to reduce the mean radiation dose while maintaining good diagnostic image quality.
El uso de la pseudociencia y la experimentación en las nuevas tendencias de comunicación publicitaria como recurso persuasivo
Authors: Moreno López Begoña
Published: November 2018

La comunicación publicitaria ha buscado, a lo largo de los años, diferenciar productos y marcas a través de la creatividad. Empleando para ello todos los recursos posibles que se encontraban a su alcance y no dudando en absorber técnicas y métodos de distintas disciplinas para la creación simbólica de valores y percepciones. Con los cambios y desarrollos tecnológicos de los últimos quince años, la creatividad publicitaria ha evolucionado sustancialmente para poder adaptarse a los nuevos medios que han ido naciendo en el entorno digital. De modo que no solo los medios se han transformado, sino que, consustancialmente, han evolucionado los modos de comunicar, los objetivos y las formas. En este caldo de cultivo han surgido varias tendencias publicitarias aparentemente antagónicas. Así podemos ver el gran auge que están teniendo las nuevas corrientes vintage, que recuperan lo artesanal y handmade, al mismo tiempo que se desarrollan campañas con aplicaciones cada vez más tecnológicas (entre las que se encuentra los bot y la nueva inteligencia artificial, por ejemplo). Y, entre ellas, podemos observar una gran tendencia a la justificación científica o pseudocientífica. No se trata solo de la aplicación del neuromarketing en los entornos de venta sino de la recuperación de los antiguos demostrativos de producto a valores de marca o comprensiones de los insight aplicados a un concepto creativo. La creatividad publicitaria recupera los antiguos experimentos psicológicos de los años 60 y 70, como el experimento del malvavisco, para aplicarlos a sus nuevas propuestas creativas en acciones especiales. De este modo, los experimentos psicológicos y sociológicos publicitarios, encuentran un nuevo modo de emplear el “demostrativo” de producto, o una argumentación “científica” para la compra, la creación de imagen de marca o promover el cambio de actitud. En el presente texto se analizan los ejercicios más representativos de esta práctica recién extendida, para analizar sus características, conceptualización y producción audiovisual. Con el fin de comprender mejor los mecanismos que emplea el sector publicitario para persuadir y convencer sobre determinados cambios de actitud.
Representación de la meritocracia en la prensa escrita argentina partir de la asunción de Macri
Authors: Szlechter Diego , Vanegas Juan David , Tijonchuk Adrián
Published: November 2018

Este trabajo indaga en torno a las representaciones de la meritocracia en los principales diarios del país a partir del ascenso de Macri al poder en Argentina en 2015. La novedad del fenómeno del ascenso al poder de un partido cuyos funcionarios habían sido en su mayoría directivos de grandes empresas nos lleva a indagar el trasvasamiento de cosmovisiones del mundo corporativo hacia la esfera pública, en este caso de la meritocracia. A partir de una metodología hermenéutica interpretativa de análisis hemerográfico de los periódicos de mayor circulación y la problematización de sus resultados con los aportes de la sociología del management, nos permite señalar que este fenómeno, tiene raíces profundas que evocan la narrativa del inmigrante que, a través del esfuerzo personal, es capaz de forjar su propio destino. Las conclusiones del análisis sugieren que la profusión de referencias vinculadas a la meritocracia tiene relación con una ampliación del ámbito de incumbencia de dicho concepto a la esfera pública, fenómeno que en el que los medios masivos de comunicación han tenido una gran responsabilidad como divulgadores de esta cosmovisión.
Las perspectivas constructivistas en el campo de los Estudios Organizacionales
Authors: Sanabria Mauricio
Published: November 2018

Frente al creciente número de investigaciones realizadas en el campo de los estudios organizacionales latinoamericanos (EOL) emerge una también creciente necesidad de posicionar epistemológicamente estos trabajos. La mirada latinoamericana, la cual ha alcanzado una cierta consciencia crítica frente a la relación de dependencia centro-periferia en este campo, ha buscado aproximarse a alternativas epistemológicas distintas a la corriente principal funcionalista. Una de estas alternativas es el denominado "paradigma constructivista". Sin embargo, la aparente unidad y el supuesto consenso alrededor de esta aproximación epistemológica requieren ser cuestionados. Este trabajo, soportado en una amplia revisión sistemática cualitativa de la literatura, realizada haciendo uso de una adaptación de la metodología de la destilación, pone en evidencia la multiplicidad de perspectivas constructivistas que dan forma a este "paradigma" y da cuenta tanto de sus rasgos comunes, como de sus diferencias. Esto puede contribuir al desarrollo de una más amplia comprensión del mismo, a una mejor fundamentación epistemológica de las investigaciones que procuren soportarse en este y a aguzar las discusiones que al respecto puedan generarse en las comunidades académica e investigativa.
Burnout en trabajadores de ONGs que ejecutan política social en Chile
Authors: Bilbao Marian , Martínez-Zelaya Gonzalo , Pavez Javiera , Morales Karol
Published: November 2018

En Chile, las políticas sociales son implementadas principalmente por ONGs que colaboran con el Estado. Este es el caso de los programas psicosociales. Como se describe en la literatura, los trabajadores en esta área deben responder a las demandas de múltiples instituciones además de aquellas de los usuarios, lo que genera una gran presión sobre ellos. Los estudios en el área señalan que el trabajo en intervenciones sociales es crítico y de alto riesgo para la salud mental. Estos trabajadores tienen un mayor desgaste emocional y se sienten más agotados psicológicamente que los trabajadores en otras áreas. Por esta razón, este estudio investiga el burnout en los trabajadores psicosociales. Se contrastó un modelo que examina la asociación entre el burnout y sus dimensiones, con a) ser trabajadora, b) la permanencia en el trabajo y c) la intención de renuncia. Se encuestó a 195 trabajadores de programas psicosociales en la región de Valparaíso, Chile. Contrariamente a lo esperado, los resultados no muestran un mayor nivel de burnout en las mujeres. La permanencia en el trabajo muestra una asociación positiva no lineal con burnout, siendo mayor en trabajadores con mayor inestabilidad debido al cierre de programas (posible cierre entre 2 a 3 años). Las variables que están asociadas con la intención de la renuncia son el desgaste psicológico y la desilusión con el trabajo. Estos resultados se discuten en relación con el modelo de burnout profesional y las políticas públicas de los programas sociales.
Atmospheric radiocarbon measurements to quantify CO2 emissions in the UK from 2014 to 2015
Authors: Wenger Angelina , Pugsley Katherine , O'Doherty Simon , Rigby Matt , Manning Alistair J. , Lunt Mark , White Emily
Published: November 2018

Abstract. We present 14CO2 observations and related greenhouse gas measurements at a background site in Ireland and a tall-tower site in the east of the UK that is more strongly influenced by fossil fuel sources. These data have been used to calculate the contribution of fossil fuel sources to atmospheric CO2 mole fractions from the UK and Ireland. Corrections were calculated and applied for 14CO2 emissions from the nuclear industry and other sources such as biospheric emissions that are in disequilibrium with the atmosphere. Measurements at both sites were found to only be marginally affected by 14CO2 emissions from nuclear sites. Over the study period of 2014–2015, the biospheric correction and the correction for nuclear 14CO2 emissions were similar, at 0.4 and 0.3 ppm fossil-fuel CO2 (ffCO2)-equivalent, respectively. The observed ffCO2 at the site was not significantly different from simulated values based on the EDGAR 2010 bottom-up inventory. We explored the use of high-frequency CO observations as a tracer of ffCO2 by deriving a constant COenhanced / ffCO2 ratio for the mix of UK fossil fuel sources. This ratio was found to be 5.7 ppb ppm−1, close to the value predicted using inventories and the atmospheric model of 5.1 ppb ppm−1. The site in the east of the UK was strategically chosen to be some distance from pollution sources so as to allow for the observation of well-integrated air masses. However this, and the large measurement uncertainty in 14CO2, lead to a large overall uncertainty in the ffCO2, being around 1.8 ppm compared to typical enhancements of 2 ppm.
Exploring accumulation-mode-H2SO4 versus SO2
stratospheric sulfate geoengineering in a sectional aerosol-chemistry-climate model
Authors: Vattioni Sandro , Weisenstein Debra , Keith David , Feinberg Aryeh , Peter Thomas , Stenke Andrea
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Stratospheric sulfate geoengineering (SSG) could contribute to avoiding some of the adverse impacts of climate change. We used the global 3D-aerosol-chemistry-climate model, SOCOL-AER, to investigate 21 different SSG scenarios, each with 1.83 Mt S yr−1 injected either in the form of accumulation-mode-H2SO4 droplets (AM-H2SO4), gas-phase SO2, or as combinations of both. For most scenarios, the sulfur was continuously emitted at 50 hPa (≈ 20 km) altitude in the tropics and subtropics, zonally and latitudinally symmetric about the equator (ranging from ±3.75° to ±30°). In the SO2 emission scenarios, continuous production of tiny nucleation mode particles results in increased coagulation, which together with condensation produces larger coarse mode particles. These larger particles are less effective for backscattering solar radiation and sedimentation out of the stratosphere is faster. On average, AM-H2SO4 injection increases stratospheric aerosol residence times by 32 % and stratospheric aerosol burdens 37–41 % when comparing to SO2 injection. The modelled all-sky (clear-sky) short-wave radiative forcing for AM-H2SO4 injection scenarios is up to 17–70 % (44 %–57 %) larger than is the case for SO2. Aerosol burdens have a surprisingly week dependence on the latitudinal spread of emissions with emission in the stratospheric surf zone (> 15° N–15° S) decreasing burdens by only about 10 %. This is because the faster removal through stratosphere-to-troposphere transport via tropopause folds found when injection is spread farther from the equator is roughly balanced by a decrease in coagulation. Increasing injection altitude is also surprisingly ineffective because the increase in burden is compensated by an increase in large aerosols due to increased condensation. Increasing the local SO2 flux in the injection region by pulse or point emissions reduces the total global annual nucleation. Coagulation is also reduced due to the interruption of the continuous flow of freshly formed particles. The net effect of pulse or point emission of SO2 is to increase stratospheric aerosol residence time and radiative forcing. Pulse or point emissions of AM-H2SO4 has the opposite effect—decreasing stratospheric aerosol burden and radiative forcing by increasing coagulation. In summary, this study corroborates previous studies with uncoupled aerosol and radiation modules, suggesting that, compared to SO2 injection, the direct emission of AM-H2SO4 results in more radiative forcing for the same sulfur equivalent mass injection strength and that sensitivities to different injection strategies may vary for different forms of injected sulfur.
The 4.2 ka BP Event in the Mediterranean Region: an overview
Authors: Bini Monica , Zanchetta Giovanni , Persoiu Aurel , Cartier Rosine , Català Albert , Cacho Isabel , Dean Jonathan R. , Di Rita Federico , Drysdale Russell N. , Finnè Martin , Isola Ilaria , Jalali Bassem , Lirer Fabrizio , Magri Donatella , Masi Alessia , Marks Leszek , Mercuri Anna Maria , Peyron Odile , Sadori Laura , Sicre Marie-Alexandrine , Welc Fabian , Zielhofer Christoph , Brisset Elodie
Published: November 2018

Abstract. The Mediterranean region and the Levant have returned some of the clearest evidence of a climatically dry period occurring around 4200 years ago. However, some regional evidence are controversial and contradictory, and issues remain regarding timing, progression and regional articulation of this event. In this paper we review the evidence from selected proxies (sea-surface temperature, precipitation and temperature reconstructed from pollen, δ18O on speleothems, and δ18O on lacustrine carbonate) over the Mediterranean basin to infer possible regional climate patterns during the interval between 4.3 and 3.8 cal ka BP. The values and limitations of these proxies are discussed, and their potential for furnishing information on seasonality is also explored. Despite the chronological uncertainties, which are the main limitations for disentangling details of the climatic conditions, the data suggests that winter over the Mediterranean was drier condition, in addition to already dry summers. However, some exceptions to this prevail, – where wetter condition seems to have persisted – suggesting regional heterogeneity in climate patterns. Temperature data, even if sparse, also suggest a cooling anomaly, even if this is not uniform. The most common paradigm to interpret the precipitation regime in the Mediterranean – a North Atlantic Oscillation-like pattern – is not completely satisfactory to interpret the selected data.
Vamsapriya jinniuensis sp. nov., and a first record of Garnaudia elegans from southern China
Authors: Ling Yin , Li Hao-Hua , Xia Ji-Wen , Zhang Xiu-Guo , Li Zhuang
Published: November 2018

A new species, Vamsapriya jinniuensis, is described and illustrated from specimens collected on dead stems in Hainan Province. The fungus is unique in producing catenate, phragmosporous, obclavate conidia on synnematous conidiophores with non-cicatrized, monotretic conidiogenous
cells. Garnaudia elegans is newly recorded from China.
New records of Brazilian hypogeous sequestrate fungi
Authors: Assis N.M. , Silva B.D.B. , Baseia I.G. , Sulzbacher M.A. , Martín M.P.
Published: November 2018

Examination of specimens held in three Brazilian herbariums (UFRN, URM, ICN) for the genus Rhizopogon revealed that one collection represented Alpova cf. austroalnicola, a first record of the genus for Brazil. Rhizopogon angustisepta from South Brazil represents a new record for the
Western Hemisphere; R. verii is a new record for Southeast and Northeast Brazil; R. nigrescens is tentatively reconfirmed from South Brazil, based on a poorly preserved specimen; and R. marchii is identified from a specimen with confused label information that does not
indicate the country of origin.
Hymenochaete cifuentesii, H. potosina, and H. raduloides spp. nov. from the tropical dry forest of Mexico
Authors: Contreras-Pacheco Magdalena , Valenzuela Ricardo , Raymundo Tania , Pacheco Leticia
Published: November 2018

Three new species, Hymenochaete cifuentesii, H. potosina, and H. raduloides, are described and illustrated from Mexico. The specimens were collected in San Luis Potosí State in a tropical dry forest. Holotypes are deposited in ENCB Herbarium
with isotypes in UAMIZ.
Surgical Management of Neuromas of the Hand and Wrist
Authors: Regal Steven , Tang Peter
Published: November 2018

Neuromas of the hand and wrist are common causes of peripheral nerve pain. Neuromas are formed after the nerve sustains an injury, and they can be debilitating and painful. The diagnosis is made by a thorough history and physical examination. The treatment options are quite varied, but conservative measures tailored to the patient should be initiated first. No surgical treatment has been proven superior to others or to nonsurgical treatment.
Necrotizing Soft-tissue Infections: An Orthopaedic Emergency
Authors: Lee Adam , May Addison , Obremskey William T.
Published: November 2018

Necrotizing soft-tissue infections are caused by a variety of bacterial pathogens that may affect patients at any age or health status. This orthopaedic emergency initially presents with nonspecific signs such as erythema and edema. As the disease progresses, classic signs such as bullae, cutaneous anesthesia, ecchymosis, tense edema, and gas can be seen. A high level of suspicion is needed to properly identify and treat in a timely manner. Pain out of proportion to presentation and rapid progression even with appropriate antibiotic treatment should heighten suspicion of a necrotizing soft-tissue infection. The mainstay of management is extensive débridement and decompression of all necrotic tissue and broad-spectrum antibiotics. Débridements are repeated to ensure that disease progression has been halted. Early surgical débridements should take precedent over transfer because of the high rate of limb loss and mortality as a result of surgical delay.
Upper Extremity Immobilization and Driving: Limitations and Liability
Authors: Chong Paul Y. , Golinvaux Nicholas S. , Lee Donald H.
Published: November 2018

Orthopaedic injuries of the upper extremity remain common, often requiring prolonged immobilization after surgical or nonsurgical management. Upper extremity immobilization often has a profound effect on a patient's daily life, including one's ability to safely operate a motor vehicle. Current literature on the safety of driving while immobilized is varied, although above-elbow immobilization of the upper extremity is generally thought to present a particular hazard to safe driving. Unfortunately, as common as this situation is, currently little to no guidance exists for patients, physicians, or lawmakers with regard to deciding whether a patient is safe to return to driving with upper extremity immobilization. Similar discord exists with the issue of patient and physician liability in such cases. In this review, we seek to present both historical precedent and a contemporary update of this complex, though a frequently encountered situation.
Developing Students Essay Writing
Authors: Hajeid Mohammad Rajab
Published: November 2018

This paper tries to shed light on the use and endeavors teachers bear in correcting students writing papers without achieving good results to improve their writing.

This theoretical research or reflection of this paper attempts to explore the reasons why some teachers sometimes feel that their teaching of writing is worthless since they spend a lot of time commenting and writing marks on students corrected papers and still many students do not get better or improved.