bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methodology for calculating the stability of borehole walls in soft clay bases
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Popov Dmitry V.
Published: April 2021

The study is aimed at developing a methodology for calculating the stability of walls of boreholes in soft clay bases during the bored pile installation, as well as determining the criteria for maintaining the geometric integrity of the borehole. As a result of the study, leading to clearly-defined requirements for the geometric and strength characteristics of the casing with the prescription in the design documentation and further implementation at the construction site, a reduction in cost indicators for the installation of bored piles is obtained. The presented methodology demonstrates the necessity of applying casing prior to drilling a bore-hole and, if applicable, for calculating the amount of compressive pressure for selecting the cross section according to the geometric and strength parameters ensuring geometric integrity. In the course of the study, the soil mass around the borehole was examined along with a determination of critical radius of the soil to specify the loss of borehole wall stability. Next, the geometric shape of the unstable soil, its weight and, cor-respondingly, pressure at any point on the outer surface of the casing was determined. The conducted mathematical experiment allows the introduction of a criterion for possible casing application in pile borehole drilling, as well as justifying the assumption concerning a relationship between the geometric characteristics of the borehole and the physicomechanical characteristics of the surrounding soil mass for the subsequent installation of the bored pile.
On the causes of destructions in reinforced concrete products and power plant constructions
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Shcherban’ Evgenii M. , Stel’makh Sergei A. ,   Don State Technical University
Published: April 2021

The problems of operating concrete and reinforced concrete products are connected with the specifics of this structural material. The multi-scale structure of this material is a strict hierarchical multi-level system, which reflects the state, properties and defects of each level. This determines the deformation range of the entire conglomerate capillary-porous structure. Operational factors in the destruction of reinforced concrete constructions include: static load from suspensiondevices, wires and other equipment; dynamic effects from wind and rolling stock; ambient temperature and humidity; aggressive effects of soil and atmosphere; electro corrosion caused by leakage currents. This paper considers factors that are capable of causing defects thus leading to the destruction and loss of operational characteristics of reinforced concrete products and power plant constructions. In order to reveal the nature of premature destruction, literature data on structures, which are most frequently subject to destruction, were analysed.
Methods for the reconstruction of residential areas in the historical centre of Aleppo
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Ghaleb Bannoud
Published: April 2021

The article discusses measures for restoring the living environment of the Syrian city of Aleppo taking regional characteristics, national traditions and religious normsinto account. Archival and field studies conducted for the identification of valuable environmental elements for each district of the city are presente-dalongside morphological building elements characteristic of urban areas pertaining to different periods. On the basis of morphological maps for residential building elements and general demographic trends, a system for the restoration of the Aleppo residential development, based on the modular method of forming the three-dimensional structure for a traditional residential building, is proposed. The proposed system for the forma-tion of a residential building is based on the multiple variability of its structure as formed by a limited number of volume elements. The technique supports the restoration of buildings using industrial methods combining various elements as applicable for creating a diverse urban environment. This technique is applicable not only in the city of Aleppo, but also in other Syrian cities affected by the military conflict, as well as in other regions with analogous climatic conditions and national traditions.
Analysis of the collection rate of contributions for capital repairs of the common property of apartment buildings
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Aprelkova Alexandra Y. , Dobysheva Tatyana V. ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University
Published: April 2021

This article aims to analyse the formation of monetary accruals from contributions for capital repairs of the common property of apartment buildings and to assess the collection of contributions in the subjects of the Russian Federation. The work presents general provisions on capital repairs of the common property of apartment buildings based on the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, as well as considers the emergence of the concept of "contribution" for the repair of the common property in the Housing Code of the Russian Federation in 2012. The amount of contributions for the repair of apartment buildings is established by the governments of Russian regions based on the sufficiency and availability of funds collected. At the same time, the noted increase in such contributions in the regions of the Russian Federation is associated with price inflation and the VAT increase. The article presents an analysis of the collection rate of contributions for capital repairs of the common property of the hous-ing stock from 2014 to 2019, both in Russia as a whole and in the Irkutsk Region. According to the analysis, the collection of contributions during this period demonstrated an apparent growing trend, thereby indicating the efficiency of regional systems and increasing public confidence. At the same time, the rate of including apartment buildings in regional development programmes remains relatively moderate, which indicates problems with the order of inclusion of these houses in the programmes and insufficient funds in the house accounts. The conducted analysis of the formation of contributions for capital repairs of the common property of apartment buildings showed that the sufficiency of contribu-tions is determined both by their rate for the citizens and the transparency of the whole process of capi-tal repairs.
Comprehensive study of the wastes from municipal construction and utility complexes as a factor of environmental hazard
Authors:   Academy of Safety and Special Programs, Tshovrebov Eduard S. , Niyazgulov Ural D. ,   Russian University of Transport
Published: April 2021

The present work is aimed at studying the waste management system of municipal construction and utility complexes in order to identify the potential application of waste materials in the form of secondary resources while simultaneously reducing their negative impact on the environment. The study is based on a set of research methods essentially structured by system analysis. Materials of domestic and foreign studies on the problems of ensuring environmental safety in the construction and utility complex, treatment and maximum use of secondary resources are generalised and systematised. Additionally, the results of the authors’ research in the field of evaluating the efficiency of using waste resource potentials are presented. The obtained results indicate the high level of resource value for municipal solid and construction wastes. A set of scientific and methodological approaches for assessing the resource potentials of such wastes is proposed. Results obtained using mathematical statistics methods indicate the types of waste under consideration to be classifiable as homogeneous according to a number of characteristics. Factors impeding the environmental safety of municipal services are identified along with the potential for reutilising waste resources obtained from the construction and util-ity complexes in the wider economy. The present work demonstrates the relevance of a system for in-tegrating secondary resources, with their maximum involvement in economic turnover to ensure envi-ronmental safety in the sphere of construction and utility services, as among the most important factors in the sustainable development of settlements and territories.
Unrealised monumental sculpture as an architectural and artistic component of urban planning concepts on the example of the Bolshoy Moskvoretsky bridge
Authors:   Moscow Architectural Institute (State Academy), Tkachenko Sergei B.
Published: April 2021

Built according to the designs of outstanding architects, bridges constructed in Moscow during the 1930s can be classified as philosophically-meaningful aesthetic structures having the ability to affect both contemporaries and their descendants. The object of the study consisted of the Bolshoy Moskvoretsky bridge, occupying a special urban development position among Moscow's architectural structures due to its location at the crossroads of the central historical and ideological core of the capi-tal. According to the General Plan of 1935, the Moskvoretsky bridge was intended as the most impor-tant of the four priority bridges. The main ideological message assigned to it was to lead to Red Square forming the ideological hub of world communism the cradle of the socialist world with the funerary mau-soleum of the ever-living leader at its centre. The study examines the design stages of the Moskvoretsky bridge during the pre-war period, as well as the creative confrontation in the post-war period between architect A.V. Shchusev and sculptor V.I. Mukhina that characterised the artistic image of the Moskvoretsky bridge. The study is aimed at the examination of incentive grounds for the emer-gence of a plastic solution and the reasons for the incompleteness of an outstanding work by A.V. Schusev. General scientific methods of research (analysis, synthesis), as well as a number of par-ticular scientific methods, such as system-structural, formal-logical, graphical virtual reconstruction, complex research and others, were used in the work. Additionally, an inclusion in scientific research of methodological approaches for studying the consequences of non-implementation of urban planning concepts and projects was performed. The results of the research are presented by the proprietary de-velopment of approaches to adequate methods of determining the potential impact of unimplemented major urban planning projects on the formation of the capital of Russia on the example of the Moskvoretsky bridge.
Proposals for the Russian quality assurance program in computed tomography
Authors: Druzhinina P. S. , Chipiga L. A. , Ryzhov S. A. , Vodovatov A. V. , Berkovich G. V. , Smirnov A. V. , Yaryna D. V. , Ermolina E. P. , Druzhinina Yu. V.
Published: April 2021

To ensure the quality assurance of CT-examinations, it is necessary to obtain the high-quality diagnostic information and maintain the optimal exposure levels of patients and medical staff. This paper is focused on the requirements and main aspects of quality assurance of CT-examinations, which include quality control of the equipment, methods of CT-image quality control, optimization of radiation protection, as well as management of the unintended and accidental medical exposure. The paper contains recommendations on quality control of diagnostic equipment, methods for monitoring the quality control of CT-images, values of diagnostic reference levels for the detection of abnormally high patient doses and optimization of the radiation protection of patients, as well as the recommendations for management of radiation and non-radiation accidents. All main sections of the paper represent an unified quality assurance system in computed tomography.
Assessment of conservatism of assumptions on the population exposure conditions applied for establishing the permissible atmospheric release levels
Authors: Kryshev A. I. , Buryakova A. A. , Vasyanovich M. E. , Ekidin A. A.
Published: April 2021

The annual permissible atmospheric release levels of radionuclides are established with the condition that the population annual dose should not exceed the dose quota. Two conservative assumptions on the population exposure are applied in handbooks for calculation of the permissible release levels: a person can reside in any point outside the sanitary protection zone of nuclear facility; all exposure pathways, including food consumption, are determined by the place of residence. Calculation of the annual dose for adults living near the Smolensk, Rostov and Bilibino NPP was performed for three scenarios to evaluate the degree of conservatism of these assumptions. Scenario 1 assumed permanent residence in a critical point of the area with production of all food in this point and consumption only local food by the population. Scenario 2 assumed that a certain part of food is imported. In scenario 3 dose assessment was made for a permanent resident of the closest settlement near NPP, taking into consideration realistic characteristics of the exposure conditions. Atmospheric release levels of radionuclides assessed during the radiation and technical surveys of the NPP’s emission sources in 2017 – 2019 were used as the initial data. It is shown that the assumptions on the conditions of population exposure significantly affect the conservatism of the annual dose assessment. The calculated annual dose for the most conservative scenario is higher than for realistic scenario by 6,3 times (for the Smolensk NPP), 8,4 times (Rostov NPP), 883 times (Bilibino NPP). The highest degree of conservatism was shown for the internal radiation dose estimates. The results of calculation of the annual dose from NPP’s emissions strongly depend on the method for dose assessment from releases of 3H and 14C. Use of the regional values of consumption of locally produced food allows reasonable reducing the conservatism of the annual dose estimates from the NPP’s permanent radionuclide releases.
Some aspects of radiation protection in radionuclide therapy departments
Authors: Golikov V. Yu. , Chipiga L. A. , Vodovatov A. V. , Smolyarchuk M. Ya.
Published: April 2021

The paper presents the data that allow calculate the attenuation factors in lead, tungsten and concrete of various thicknesses or the thickness of shielding made of these materials for a given attenuation factor for the spectra of gamma radiation of 131I and 177Lu radionuclides. Using these data the effectiveness of the protection of supporting equipment (portable containers, shielded syringes, etc.) and the possible doses of external radiation of medical personnel in the radionuclide therapy department were calculated. It is shown that there are short-term operations in the production process when a radiation source (container with a capsule with activity, syringe with activity), being near the body of a medical worker, creates a significant dose rate. For this reason the annual individual dose of external exposure of a medical worker can approach or exceed 1/3 of the dose limit. Calculation of the attenuation of 131I gamma radiation by stationary shield showed that the thickness of walls and floors made of concrete 200 – 400 mm will ensure that the permissible values of the dose rates of gamma radiation in the air do not exceed at annual turnover of activity in the radionuclide therapy department of ~ 3.3 · 1012 Bq.
Technology and innovation in the pharmaceutical industry
Authors:   RM Analytiсs Ltd, Prozherina Yuliya
Published: April 2021

Analytics In recent years, technology and innovation have moved in leaps and bounds, changing all sectors including healthcare and pharmaceutics. The use of Big Data and process automation are driving rapid progress. The most modern approaches are being introduced into pharmacies and pharmaceutical enterprises even today.
Surgical Management of Heart Failure
Authors: Wayne Stephanie L. , Zimmet Adam D.
Published: April 2021

Optimal management of heart failure is collaborative, with the involvement of specialist
heart failure physicians, nurses, interventionalists, and surgeons. In addition to medical optimisation
and cardiac resynchronisation therapy, surgery plays a valuable role in many patients. We
herein study the evidence and the role of surgical intervention in functional mitral regurgitation,
coronary revascularisation in ischaemic cardiomyopathy, and surgical ventricular reconstruction.
Additionally, we describe techniques of temporary and durable mechanical circulatory support,
with their relative advantages and disadvantages, and applications. Finally, we describe the history
and nomenclature around heart transplants, their indications, techniques, present-day outcomes,
complications, and new developments in the field.
Bilateral midbrain transection induced hyperphagia accelerates the development of diabetes in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) rats
Authors:   Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Takatsuki Research Center, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., Sasase Tomohiko ,   1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1125, Japan,   Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Functional Anatomy, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University; Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan, Ito Makoto ,   Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Takatsuki Research Center, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc.; 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1125, Japan, Ishii Yukihito ,   Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories, Takatsuki Research Center, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc.; 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1125, Japan, Ohta Takeshi ,   Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Functional Anatomy, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University; Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan
Published: April 2021

Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) rat is a model of severe type 2 diabetes and its complications. These characteristics of SDT rat are very useful to research diseases; however, the slow onset of diabetes may limit the usefulness of this animal model. To solve this problem, we performed bilateral midbrain transection on SDT rats and evaluated whether hyperphagia accelerates the onset of diabetes. By severing ascending fibers from the nucleus tractus solitarius to limbic regions through ventral and dorsal tegmental regions, food consumption was significantly increased in SDT rats and the onset of diabetes was accelerated. Cumulative incidence of diabetes in midbrain transected SDT rats was 88.9% at 7 weeks after surgery (14 weeks of age), while sham operated rats was 20.0%. Increased food consumption was correlated to body weight, plasma glucose level, plasma triglyceride level, and plasma insulin level. In conclusion, the overeating caused by blocking anorexigenic signal in brain significantly accelerates the onset of diabetes in SDT rats. The early development of type 2 diabetes may accelerate microvascular complications and is considered useful in the study of the disease in SDT rats.
Open-air museums: digital cultures, aesthetics and everyday life
Authors: Susca Vincenzo
Published: April 2021

At a time when everything becomes art, art no longer belongs to itself, to the point of overflowing from the frames that have enclosed it for several centuries – museums, galleries, churches – with unprecedented effects not only in the field of aesthetics, but above all in ordinary life. To understand this in depth, it is necessary to take into account the digital reproducibility of the work of art as a dynamic that upsets the relationship between work and spectator, subject and object, politics and everyday life. From the second half of the 18th century onwards, we saw a dynamic of "aestheticization of the public" parallel to the birth of the cultural industry and, therefore, the transformation of culture into merchandise. It is an ambiguous process, as it implies the emergence of the mass as the central subject of our culture, but also its definitive reification. What about aesthetics in such a condition? This study explores the genology and history of this process by updating Walter Benjamin's thinking in relation to the cultural emergencies of our time. In particular, it seems essential to understand what happens to the aura in the context of a condition in which the aesthetic object, the work of art and, more generally, the area that concerns beauty is available, used and consumed in everyday life, to the point of placing our cities as "open air museums".
E-governance and its relationship to University of Ha'il excellence from the viewpoint of the students in light of the Kingdom's vision 2030
Authors:   Literature and Arts Faculty, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia, et al. Ibrahim
Published: April 2021

The implementation of e-governance in universities is considered a crucial matter because of integrating roles and achieving community development and institutional excellence. Despite this, there is a shortage of studies and research that deals with e-governance and institutional excellence, especially in Saudi universities. Hence, this is a pioneer in the context of Saudi Arabia. This research is aimed to identify the impact of e-governance on institutional excellence at the University of Ha'il in light of the Kingdom's 2030 vision. The study has relied on a random sample of 400 male and female students from various university colleges. The questionnaire was used as a means of collecting data after confirming its validity for measurement. Then the questionnaire was distributed electronically due to the suspension of the study because of the Corona pandemic. The data was analyzed using statistical methods appropriate to the data's nature. It has included averages, standard deviations, simple correlation coefficients, and multiple regression coefficients. The study has reached several results. The most important are the e-governance dimensions and institutional excellence criteria. These are effectively applied at the university. However, significant importance is not given to infrastructure, beneficiaries' satisfaction, and positive correlational relationships between all e-governance dimensions and institutional excellence criteria. The combined dimensions of e-governance are 80.9 % of the variance in institutional excellence. This means 19.1% is not included in the study due to other factors. The research has suggested taking an interest in the university's infrastructure, especially the internet. It has emphasized benefiting the beneficiaries' views in developing the university and supporting external community partnerships.
Assessing Public Interest Based on Wikipedia’s Most Visited Medical Articles During the SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak: Search Trends Analysis
Authors: Chrzanowski Jędrzej , Sołek Julia , Fendler Wojciech , Jemielniak Dariusz
Published: April 2021

Background

In the current era of widespread access to the internet, we can monitor public interest in a topic via information-targeted web browsing. We sought to provide direct proof of the global population’s altered use of Wikipedia medical knowledge resulting from the new COVID-19 pandemic and related global restrictions.

Objective

We aimed to identify temporal search trends and quantify changes in access to Wikipedia Medicine Project articles that were related to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

We performed a retrospective analysis of medical articles across nine language versions of Wikipedia and country-specific statistics for registered COVID-19 deaths. The observed patterns were compared to a forecast model of Wikipedia use, which was trained on data from 2015 to 2019. The model comprehensively analyzed specific articles and similarities between access count data from before (ie, several years prior) and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Wikipedia articles that were linked to those directly associated with the pandemic were evaluated in terms of degrees of separation and analyzed to identify similarities in access counts. We assessed the correlation between article access counts and the number of diagnosed COVID-19 cases and deaths to identify factors that drove interest in these articles and shifts in public interest during the subsequent phases of the pandemic.

Results

We observed a significant (P<.001) increase in the number of entries on Wikipedia medical articles during the pandemic period. The increased interest in COVID-19–related articles temporally correlated with the number of global COVID-19 deaths and consistently correlated with the number of region-specific COVID-19 deaths. Articles with low degrees of separation were significantly similar (P<.001) in terms of access patterns that were indicative of information-seeking patterns.

Conclusions

The analysis of Wikipedia medical article popularity could be a viable method for epidemiologic surveillance, as it provides important information about the reasons behind public attention and factors that sustain public interest in the long term. Moreover, Wikipedia users can potentially be directed to credible and valuable information sources that are linked with the most prominent articles.
Distributed Ledger Infrastructure to Verify Adverse Event Reporting (DeLIVER): Proposal for a Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Milne-Ives Madison , Lam Ching , Rehman Najib , Sharif Raja , Meinert Edward
Published: April 2021

Background

Adverse drug event reporting is critical for ensuring patient safety; however, numbers of reports have been declining. There is a need for a more user-friendly reporting system and for a means of verifying reports that have been filed.

Objective

This project has 2 main objectives: (1) to identify the perceived benefits and barriers in the current reporting of adverse events by patients and health care providers and (2) to develop a distributed ledger infrastructure and user interface to collect and collate adverse event reports to create a comprehensive and interoperable database.

Methods

A review of the literature will be conducted to identify the strengths and limitations of the current UK adverse event reporting system (the Yellow Card System). If insufficient information is found in this review, a survey will be created to collect data from system users. The results of these investigations will be incorporated into the development of a mobile and web app for adverse event reporting. A digital infrastructure will be built using distributed ledger technology to provide a means of linking reports with existing pharmaceutical tracking systems.

Results

The key outputs of this project will be the development of a digital infrastructure, including a backend distributed ledger system and an app-based user interface.

Conclusions

This infrastructure is expected to improve the accuracy and efficiency of adverse event reporting systems by enabling the monitoring of specific medicines or medical devices over their life course while protecting patients’ personal health data.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/28616
Correction: Assessing Public Interest Based on Wikipedia’s Most Visited Medical Articles During the SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak: Search Trends Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Chrzanowski Jędrzej , Sołek Julia , Fendler Wojciech , Jemielniak Dariusz
Published: April 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

REMOVE
ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ДЛЯ СБОРКИ СИЛОВЫХ МОДУЛЕЙ И ПРИБОРОВ
Authors: Хохлун А. , Чигиринский С. , Шайдуллин Р.
Published: April 2021

Обсуждаются перспективные полупроводниковые и керамические материалы, а также технологии сборки силовых полупроводниковых модулей для получения изделий с повышенной надежностью, высокими электрическими и эксплуатационными характеристиками.
ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНАЯ РОБОТОТЕХНИКА: ПРОЕКТНОЕ ОБУЧЕНИЕ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА. Часть 2
Authors: Лапшинов С. , Затекин Д. , Шахнов В. , Юдин А.
Published: April 2021

Во второй части статьи продолжается рассмотрение примеров разработки мобильных роботов для соревнований, проводится сравнение роботов разных лет. Обсуждается также технологическая база для учебных проектов образовательной робототехники.
МИКРОКОНТРОЛЛЕР АО «ПКК МИЛАНДР» НА БАЗЕ ПРОЦЕССОРНОГО ЯДРА RISC-V ДЛЯ ПРИБОРОВ УЧЕТА ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЕРГИИ
Authors: Шумилин С.
Published: April 2021

Рассмотрен микроконтроллер К1986ВК025 компании АО «ПКК Миландр» на базе процессорного ядра RISC-V. Приведена информация о характеристиках и функциональных возможностях данного микроконтроллера.
CONNECTING THE FORMATION OF STARS AND PLANETS. I – SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF HOST STARS WITH TIGRE
Authors: Flor-Torres L. M. , Coziol R. , Schröder K.-P. , Jack D. , Schmitt J. H. M. M. , Blanco-Cuaresma S.
Published: April 2021

In search for a connection between the formation of stars and the formation of planets, a new semi-automatic spectral analysis method using iSpec was developed for the TIGRE telescope installed in Guanajuato, Mexico. TIGRE is a 1.2m robotic telescope, equipped with an Echelle spectrograph (HEROS), with a resolution R ≃ 20000. iSpec is a synthetic spectral fitting program for stars that allows to determine in an homogeneous way their fundamental parameters: effective temperature, Teff, surface gravity, log g, metallicities, [M/H] and [Fe/H], and rotational velocity, V sin i. In this first article we test our method by analysing the spectra of 46 stars, hosts of exoplanets, obtained with the TIGRE.
POLÍTICA REGIONAL E PLANEJAMENTOCULTURAL TERRITORIAL NO ESTADO DA BAHIA, BRASIL.
Authors: Dias Janaina Santos
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho é um recorte da minha dissertação de mestrado intitulada: Os Territórios de Identidade da Bahia: uma estratégia de desenvolvimento regional. A pesquisa consiste em um estudo/análise, a partir da abordagem cultural do espaço: da política de desenvolvimento regional do estado da Bahia, traz uma reflexão a partir do modelo de desenvolvimento que o governo baiano vem implementando, que busca na proposição de suas políticas públicas, reconhecer e conformar a diversidade cultural dos 27 territórios que compõem o estado Propõe um debate tomando como referência os paradigmas contemporâneos de desenvolvimento com novas interpretações na construção de campos epistemológicos que trazem a cultura e a afirmação dos territórios como fatores primordiais no processo de planejamento reconhecendo a força dos elementos culturais na promoção do desenvolvimento.
Os sentidos do trabalho no serviço público: uma perspectiva geracional
Authors: Coelho Talita Almeida de Campos Nascimento Thompson , Oliveira Sidinei Rocha de
Published: April 2021

O setor público, afetado pelas transições do mundo do trabalho e dos modelos de sociedade, também passou por transformações. No caso brasileiro, observa-se uma série de reformas para modernizar a administração pública a partir da década de 1990. Os processos de subjetivação dos trabalhadores também foram impactados e, a partir do contexto em que é desempenhado, podem-se identificar diversos sentidos atribuídos ao trabalho. Por isso, o presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar os sentidos do trabalho para servidores públicos de diferentes gerações de técnico-administrativos da Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO). Para isso, foram realizadas 25 entrevistas com servidores técnico-administrativos das duas gerações identificadas na pesquisa, que foram analisadas através da técnica de análise de conteúdo. A pesquisa identifica que os sentidos atribuídos ao trabalho pelos servidores das diferentes gerações apresentam similaridades e diferenças. Para ambas o trabalho é definido como execução de tarefas com finalidade e recompensa e com importantes funções para o bem-estar dos indivíduos. No entanto, os servidores da Geração 1 atribuem uma centralidade maior ao trabalho, dotando-o de uma forte dimensão subjetiva e de um conteúdo vital para sua construção identitária, enquanto que a Geração 2 atribui uma menor centralidade ao trabalho, com preponderância das dimensões objetiva e material e menor engajamento subjetivo. A tensão entre as duas gerações de pesquisa prejudica o processo de sucessão geracional e ressalta a importância da análise dos sentidos do trabalho nessa perspectiva.
Repensando as bases da administração pública brasileira: revisitando Guerreiro Ramos sob o olhar decolonial
Authors: LOUREDO FABIO MOITA
Published: April 2021

Atualmente algumas “verdades” no conhecimento reproduzido e praticado no campo da administração pública brasileira são tomadas como universais. Percebe-se que grande parte das bases teóricas e reflexões acerca da Administração Pública como área de conhecimento são oriundas de um lócus de enunciação específico, ou seja, o lugar geopolítico e corpo-político do “sujeito”. Assim esse ensaio teórico se traduz em um esforço de reflexão sobre as bases teóricas da Administração Pública no Brasil frente à lacuna de interpretações calcadas no contexto brasileiro, sugerindo a revisitação da pessoa e da obra de Guerreiro Ramos e suas contribuições ao campo. Neste sentido, a revisitação da pessoa e da obra de Alberto Guerreiro Ramos sob o olhar da crítica decolonial é um movimento de reflexividade epistêmica que abre possibilidades de novas perspectivas que possam ampliar horizontes à produção de conhecimento no Sul como um projeto de resistência que auxilie a superação do lado mais obscuro da modernidade global - a colonialidade.
Investigating the compounding effects of environmental factors on ecosystem services relationships for the ecological conservation red line areas
Authors: Zuo Liyuan , Gao Jiangbo
Published: April 2021

Exploring the driving factors of ecosystem services (ESs)
trade-offs/synergies is crucial for ecosystem management, especially in
ecological conservation red line (ECRL) areas that maintain regional and
national ecological security. Soil conservation (SC), water yield (WY)
and carbon sequestration (CS) were simulated in the Beijing ECRL areas.
Geographical weighted regression was used to explore the
trade-offs/synergies, and the geographical detector was applied to
quantitatively identify their driving factors. Results show that (1) the
SC and CS show marked synergy which characterized more than 80% of each
ECRL area; the proportion of the space area of trade-off and synergy
between SC and WY, and WY and CS was roughly 3 to 7 and 4 to 6 in each
ECRL area, respectively. (2) The synergy of the three pairs of ESs was
most sensitive to terrain factors. The precipitation erodibility of soil
and its necessity for vegetation make it a determinant of the trade-off
between SC and CS; temperature was the determinant in the trade-off
between WY and CS, with an explanatory power of 32.8%; potential
evapotranspiration was best able to explain the spatial distribution of
the trade-off between SC and WY. (3) The interaction between
precipitation and other factors had the greatest explanatory power on
the spatial relationship between SC and WY. Precipitation and relief
amplitude are the main interactive factors respectively affecting the
spatial trade-off and synergy between SC and CS. The trade-off and
synergy between WY and CS were most sensitive to the interaction between
climate factors and terrain factors.
Comparison of short- and long-axis nerve hydrodissection for carpal tunnel syndrome: A prospective randomized, single-blind trial
Authors: Chen Si-Ru , Ho Tsung-Yen , Shen Yu-Ping , Li Tsung-Ying , Su Yu-Chi , Chen Liang-Cheng , Wu Yung-Tsan
Published: April 2021

Introduction This study is to compare the efficacy of two different
methods of nerve hydrodissection (HD), called short- and long-axis
injection, for patients with mild-to-moderate carpal tunnel syndrome
(CTS). Methods Forty-seven patients with mild-to-moderate CTS were
enrolled in a prospective, randomized, single-blinded, controlled trial
(6 months follow-up). With ultrasound guidance, patients in both groups
(short-axis or long-axis groups) were injected with normal saline (5 mL
per session). Assessments were performed before and 2 weeks after the
injection, as well as at 1, 3, and 6 months post-intervention. The
primary outcome measure was the Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Questionnaire (BCTQ) score and secondary outcomes included the
cross-sectional area of the median nerve and electrophysiological
studies. Results Forty-four patients (21 wrists in the short-axis group
and 23 wrists in the long-axis group) completed the study. Compared with
the baseline, both groups showed improved BCTQ and cross-sectional area
at all follow-up assessments (p<0.05). Moreover, the
short-axis group had significant improvements in BCTQ-severity and
BCTQ-function 1 month post-injection compared to the long-axis group (p
= 0.031 and p = 0.023, respectively). Conclusion Both short- and
long-axis HD were effective for patients with mild-to-moderate CTS;
however, the short-axis HD conferred relatively better efficacy 1 month
after the injection.
The relationship between spiritual health and social trust among students
Authors: Rezaei Farzin , Hassan Hero , Fallahi Arezoo , Gheshlagh Reza , Sadeghi Shahram , Fallahi Parisa , Nemat Babak
Published: April 2021

Social trust and spiritual health play an important role in social communication. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between spiritual health and social trust among Iranian students. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Sanandaj, in the West of Iran, in 2018. 686 students from 5 universities were included in the study through simple random sampling. The data were collected using established, reliable instruments for the assessment of social trust and spiritual health. Logistic regression models were applied to assess the association between social trust and spiritual health. We reported estimated logits and Odds Ratios (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The students with a literate father had substantially higher odds of social trust (OR=1.98, 95% CI=1.19-3.28, p<0.01). Also, similar findings were obtained for students with a literate mother compared to those with an illiterate mother (OR=2.09, 95% CI=1.33-3.28, p<0.01). The odds of social trust also increased with the father’s employment status (OR=13.06, 95% CI=4.16-41, p<0.01). The odds of social trust increased with religious health (OR=1.05, 95% CI=1.03-1.08, p<0.01). It is essential to increase spiritual health and the parents’ literacy to promote social trust among the students.
Caesarean section versus vaginal birth in the perception of woman who gave birth by both methods
Authors: Olaru Octavian , Stanescu Anca , Raduta Cristina , Ples Liana , Vasilache Adriana , Bacalbasa Nicolae , Vasilache Andrei , Balalau Oana
Published: April 2021

The increase in the number of births by Caesarean section is a phenomenon whose global expansion is generated by numerous factors and especially by the contemporary perceptions of women regarding childbirth meeting the interests of the professionals in the field. However, the opinion of many women towards the benefits of Caesarean delivery is often not based on the experience or information from reliable sources. This study aimed at sharing the experience of women who gave birth both vaginally and by Caesarean section, focusing on their perception of these events. The study included 26 women and the conclusion of the vast majority (77%) was that natural birth is preferable and they would recommend it as the first option to future mothers. In addition, the analysis of the cases in which, on the contrary, they would recommend birth by Caesarean section (23%) revealed that they objectively had births that had not been optimally managed and hence, the recommendation for careful, professional evaluation of the conditions of birth for each case. Reaching an optimal rate of Caesarean sections is an objective that can be achieved through correct information, health education and the correct management of the cases.
Biochemical and echocardiographic markers for the early detection of cardiotoxicity under monoclonal antibodies therapy
Authors: Popovici Ionela-Emilia , Cozma Angela , Orasan Olga , Ciulei George , Poenar Ana , Buchman Cristina , Tarmure Simina , Secara Sorina , Sitar-Taut Adela , Alexescu Teodora , Lazar Andrada , Negrean Vasile , Procopciuc Lucia
Published: April 2021

The progress made over the past years in the field of cancer therapy has led to a significant decrease in cancer mortality, but these therapies have many adverse effects, cardiovascular effects being among the most frequent ones. For increasing lifelong expectancy of surviving cancer patients, cardiac monitoring represents an important task. Current studies and practice recommend echocardiography using strain analysis for monitoring the cardio toxic effects of cancer therapy. The potential of combining imaging techniques with biomarkers for the early detection and diagnosis seems a promising path for future research.
A mini-review regarding the carcinogenesis and morphology of serous tumors of the ovary, fallopian tube and peritoneum
Authors: Georgescu Tiberiu-Augustin , Bohiltea Roxana , Munteanu Octavian , Grigoriu Corina , Paunica Ioana , Sajin Maria
Published: April 2021

Similar to the already well-recognized adenoma-carcinoma sequence in colorectal cancer pathogenesis, it has been believed for many decades that the progression of ovarian epithelial tumors occurs from benign serous cystadenomas to borderline tumors, to well-differentiated carcinomas, and ultimately, to poorly differentiated carcinomas. However, it is currently accepted that low-grade serous carcinoma (LGSC) and high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) are fundamentally different tumor types and, consequently, different diseases. In fact, whereas the benign-borderline-malignant sequence seems to apply quite well to low-grade serous carcinoma, the sequence of genetic alterations in high-grade serous carcinoma is substantially different. In this mini-review, we included the current consensus regarding the morphological and etiopathogenic results regarding serous tumors of the ovary, fallopian tube and peritoneum. It also briefly describes the history of benign, borderline and malignant serous tumors, discussing multiple types of dichotomies in serous carcinomas of the female genital tract and summarizing the current molecular classification.
Role of the lattice-energy from chemical agents in the activation of highly-condensed carbons
Authors: Espinoza Eumarielys , Isernia Luis
Published: April 2021

Highly condensed carbons from pet-coke were first treated with Na/K hydroxides and carbonates and then with H2SO4. The esterification reaction of palmitic acid reached conversions of up to 97 % on the yielded activated carbons. The results evidence the relationship between the efficacy of Na/K hydroxides and carbonates as treatment agents and their lattice potential energy. Moreover, the analysis of carbonaceous solids confirms that both surface area and acidity are primary factors promoting activity in the esterification reaction. Furthermore, the results do not indicate a direct relationship between the activity and the oxidized species (SOx) arising from the treatment with H2SO4. The relatively low melting and decomposition temperature of Na/K hydroxides can improve their effect on the pet-coke matrix, leading to higher surface areas, acidities, and catalytic activities than treatment with carbonates. This supports an affinity between the carboxyl functions of the fatty acid molecules and the polar and catalytically active centers of the hydroxide-treated solid surface.
Effects of the SGLT2 Inhibitor Dapagliflozin on Energy Metabolism in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Double-Blind Crossover Trial
Authors: Kamp Yvo J.M. Op den , Ligt Marlies de , Dautzenberg Bas , Kornips Esther , Esterline Russell , Hesselink Matthijs K.C. , J Joris Hoeks , Schrauwen-Hinderling Vera B. , Havekes Bas , OscarssonJ Jan , E Esther Phielix , Schrauwen Patrick
Published: April 2021

Background: SGTL2 inhibitors increase urinary glucose excretion
and have beneficial effects on cardiovascular and renal outcomes; the
underlying mechanism may involve caloric restriction-like metabolic effects due
to urinary glucose loss. We investigated the effects of dapagliflozin on 24h
energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: Twenty-six type 2 diabetes patients were
randomized to a 5-week double-blind, cross-over study with 6-8-week wash-out.
24h energy metabolism and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were measured by
indirect calorimetry, both by whole-room calorimetry and by ventilated hood
during a two-step euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. Results are presented as
the differences in least squares mean (LSM) (95% CI) between treatments.

Results: Evaluable patients (n=24) had a mean (SD) age
of 64.2(4.6) years, BMI of 28.1(2.4) kg/m2, and HbA1c of 6.9 (0.7)% (51.7 (6.8) mmol/mol). Rate of glucose disappearance was
unaffected by dapagliflozin, while fasting endogenous glucose production (EGP)
increased by dapagliflozin (+2.27 (1.39, 3.14) μmol/kg/min, p<0.0001). Insulin-induced suppression of EGP (-1.71 (-2.75, -0.63) μmol/kg/min, p=0.0036) and plasma free fatty acids (-21.93
(-39.31, -4.54) %, p=0.016) was greater with dapagliflozin. 24h energy expenditure (-0.11 (-0.24,
0.03) MJ/day) remained unaffected by dapagliflozin, but dapagliflozin reduced
RER during day- and night-time resulting in an increased day to night-time
difference in RER (-0.010 (-0.017,
-0.002), p=0.016). Dapagliflozin
treatment resulted in a negative 24h energy and fat balance (-20.51 (-27.90,
-13.12) g/day).

Interpretation: Dapagliflozin treatment for 5 weeks resulted
in major adjustments of metabolism mimicking caloric restriction; increased fat
oxidation, improved hepatic and adipose insulin sensitivity and improved 24h
energy metabolism.
A harcászati légi szállító képesség fejlesztése a Magyar Honvédségben : Bemutatkozik a KC-390 Milenium repülőgép
Authors: Nagy László , Szabó Miklós
Published: April 2021

A Magyar Honvédség az elmúlt években határozottan elkötelezte magát a haderő és a haditechnikai eszközrendszerek fejlesztése terén. Az eszközrendszer korszerűsítése során a légierő hadfelszerelései a prioritási lista élén helyezkednek el, amelyek közül a légi mobilitás – kulcsfontosságú terü- letként a bel- és külföldi műveletek végrehajtásában – a közelmúltban a figyelem középpontjába került. A modern harcászati légi szállító képesség iránti igény kielégítése érdekében, a Magyar Honvédség a Braziliában bejegyzett Embraer repülőgépgyártó céggel 2 db, a kor igényeit maximálisan kielégítő KC–390 típusú repülőgép, valamint az azok üzemeltetésével kapcsolatos szolgáltatások beszerzésére írt alá szerződést. A gépek a tervek szerint 2024-ben jelennek meg az MH hadrendjében. A szerzők tanulmányukban áttekintik a magyar haderő légi szállító képességének történeti hátterét, majd bemutatják a KC–390-es képességeit és a haderőben betöltött szerepét.
Felfegyverzett gépjárművek alkalmazása az afrikai és más helyi konfliktusokban I. rész
Authors: Nagy Imre
Published: April 2021

Az elmúlt 3-4 évtized helyi konfliktusairól szóló híradásokban rendszeresen felbukkannak eredetileg civil használatra gyártott vagy éppen katonai, de más feladatkörű rögtönzött módon páncélozott és/vagy felfegyverzett (leginkább szállító) terepjárók, pick-up járművek, teherautók. Ezek az gépjárművek fontos szereplői Líbiától Afganisztánig, Ukrajnától Jemenig folyó a harcoknak, és Latin-Amerikából is ismertek ilyen példák.
A Donauwörth-i Airbus gyár I. rész
Authors: Czikora Zoltán
Published: April 2021

Donauwörth-ben, a Dunától nyugatra fekvő, egykori mocsaras területen 1908-ban kezdődött az ipari termelés. Napjainkban ezen a helyen működik Európa egyik legjelentősebb helikoptergyára, világszínvonalú karbantartó és oktatóközpontja. Ebben az intézményben az innováció és a fejlesztés a mindennapok része.