bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative evaluation of rRNA depletion procedures for the improved analysis of bacterial biofilm and mixed pathogen culture transcriptomes
Authors: Petrova Olga E. , Garcia-Alcalde Fernando , Zampaloni Claudia , Sauer Karin
Published: January 2017

Global transcriptomic analysis via RNA-seq is often hampered by the high abundance of ribosomal (r)RNA in bacterial cells. To remove rRNA and enrich coding sequences, subtractive hybridization procedures have become the approach of choice prior to RNA-seq, with their efficiency varying in a manner dependent on sample type and composition. Yet, despite an increasing number of RNA-seq studies, comparative evaluation of bacterial rRNA depletion methods has remained limited. Moreover, no such study has utilized RNA derived from bacterial biofilms, which have potentially higher rRNA:mRNA ratios and higher rRNA carryover during RNA-seq analysis. Presently, we evaluated the efficiency of three subtractive hybridization-based kits in depleting rRNA from samples derived from biofilm, as well as planktonic cells of the opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Our results indicated different rRNA removal efficiency for the three procedures, with the Ribo-Zero kit yielding the highest degree of rRNA depletion, which translated into enhanced enrichment of non-rRNA transcripts and increased depth of RNA-seq coverage. The results indicated that, in addition to improving RNA-seq sensitivity, efficient rRNA removal enhanced detection of low abundance transcripts via qPCR. Finally, we demonstrate that the Ribo-Zero kit also exhibited the highest efficiency when P. aeruginosa/Staphylococcus aureus co-culture RNA samples were tested.
Ependymal cell contribution to scar formation after spinal cord injury is minimal, local and dependent on direct ependymal injury
Authors: Ren Yilong , Ao Yan , O’Shea Timothy M. , Burda Joshua E. , Bernstein Alexander M. , Brumm Andrew J. , Muthusamy Nagendran , Ghashghaei H. Troy , Carmichael S. Thomas , Cheng Liming , Sofroniew Michael V.
Published: January 2017

Ependyma have been proposed as adult neural stem cells that provide the majority of newly proliferated scar-forming astrocytes that protect tissue and function after spinal cord injury (SCI). This proposal was based on small, midline stab SCI. Here, we tested the generality of this proposal by using a genetic knock-in cell fate mapping strategy in different murine SCI models. After large crush injuries across the entire spinal cord, ependyma-derived progeny remained local, did not migrate and contributed few cells of any kind and less than 2%, if any, of the total newly proliferated and molecularly confirmed scar-forming astrocytes. Stab injuries that were near to but did not directly damage ependyma, contained no ependyma-derived cells. Our findings show that ependymal contribution of progeny after SCI is minimal, local and dependent on direct ependymal injury, indicating that ependyma are not a major source of endogenous neural stem cells or neuroprotective astrocytes after SCI.
Minimizing the risk of allo-sensitization to optimize the benefit of allogeneic cardiac-derived stem/progenitor cells
Authors: Hocine Hocine R. , Costa Hicham El , Dam Noemie , Giustiniani Jerome , Palacios Itziar , Loiseau Pascale , Bensussan Armand , Borlado Luis R. , Charron Dominique , Suberbielle Caroline , Jabrane-Ferrat Nabila , Al-Daccak Reem
Published: January 2017

Allogeneic human cardiac-derived stem/progenitor cells (hCPC) are currently under clinical investigation for cardiac repair. While cellular immune response against allogeneic hCPC could be part of their beneficial-paracrine effects, their humoral immune response remains largely unexplored. Donor-specific HLA antibodies (DSA-HLA-I/DSA-HLA-II), primary elements of antibody-mediated allograft injury, might present an unidentified risk to allogeneic hCPC therapy. Here we established that the binding strength of anti-HLA monoclonal antibodies delineates hCPC proneness to antibody-mediated injury. In vitro modeling of clinical setting demonstrated that specific DSA-HLA-I of high/intermediate binding strength are harmful for hCPC whereas DSA-HLA-II are benign. Furthermore, the Luminex-based solid-phase assays are suitable to predict the DSA-HLA risk to therapeutic hCPC. Our data indicate that screening patient sera for the presence of HLA antibodies is important to provide an immune-educated choice of allogeneic therapeutic cells, minimize the risk of precipitous elimination and promote the allogeneic reparative effects.
Hybrid fiber resonator employing LRSPP waveguide coupler for gyroscope
Authors: Qian Guang , Fu Xing-Chang , Zhang Li-Jiang , Tang Jie , Liu Yi-Ran , Zhang Xiao-Yang , Zhang Tong
Published: January 2017

Polarization error and temperature noise are two main limits to the performance of resonant fiber optic gyroscope (RFOG). To overcome these limits, we demonstrated a hybrid resonator consisting of a polymer-based long-range surface plasmon polariton (LRSPP) waveguide coupler and a silica fiber. Single-polarization property of LRSPP waveguide and the offsetting of the opposite thermo-optical characteristics between the polymer-based LRSPP waveguide and the silica fiber can effectively inhibit both the polarization error and the temperature noise of RFOG. The measured resonance spectrum of the hybrid resonator shows the absence of polarization noise. The temperature dependence of wavelength shift (TDWS) of resonator dropped to about 2 pm/°C, or even to 0 pm/°C with optimal structure, which dramatically improves the temperature stability of gyroscope system. In addition, the hybrid resonator also shows tremendous application potential in rate-grade and tactical-grade gyroscopes.
Membrane Perturbation of ADP-insensitive Phosphoenzyme of Ca2+-ATPase Modifies Gathering of Transmembrane Helix M2 with Cytoplasmic Domains and Luminal Gating
Authors: Danko Stefania , Yamasaki Kazuo , Daiho Takashi , Suzuki Hiroshi
Published: January 2017

Ca2+ transport by sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase involves ATP-dependent phosphorylation of a catalytic aspartic acid residue. The key process, luminal Ca2+ release occurs upon phosphoenzyme isomerization, abbreviated as E1PCa2 (reactive to ADP regenerating ATP and with two occluded Ca2+ at transport sites) → E2P (insensitive to ADP and after Ca2+ release). The isomerization involves gathering of cytoplasmic actuator and phosphorylation domains with second transmembrane helix (M2), and is epitomized by protection of a Leu119-proteinase K (prtK) cleavage site on M2. Ca2+ binding to the luminal transport sites of E2P, producing E2PCa2 before Ca2+-release exposes the prtK-site. Here we explore E2P structure to further elucidate luminal gating mechanism and effect of membrane perturbation. We find that ground state E2P becomes cleavable at Leu119 in a non-solubilizing concentration of detergent C12E8 at pH 7.4, indicating a shift towards a more E2PCa2-like state. Cleavage is accelerated by Mg2+ binding to luminal transport sites and blocked by their protonation at pH 6.0. Results indicate that possible disruption of phospholipid-protein interactions strongly favors an E2P species with looser head domain interactions at M2 and responsive to specific ligand binding at the transport sites, likely an early flexible intermediate in the development towards ground state E2P.
Insights into the Planktothrix genus: Genomic and metabolic comparison of benthic and planktic strains
Authors: Pancrace Claire , Barny Marie-Anne , Ueoka Reiko , Calteau Alexandra , Scalvenzi Thibault , Pédron Jacques , Barbe Valérie , Piel Joern , Humbert Jean-François , Gugger Muriel
Published: January 2017

Planktothrix is a dominant cyanobacterial genus forming toxic blooms in temperate freshwater ecosystems. We sequenced the genome of planktic and non planktic Planktothrix strains to better represent this genus diversity and life style at the genomic level. Benthic and biphasic strains are rooting the Planktothrix phylogenetic tree and widely expand the pangenome of this genus. We further investigated in silico the genetic potential dedicated to gas vesicles production, nitrogen fixation as well as natural product synthesis and conducted complementary experimental tests by cell culture, microscopy and mass spectrometry. Significant differences for the investigated features could be evidenced between strains of different life styles. The benthic Planktothrix strains showed unexpected characteristics such as buoyancy, nitrogen fixation capacity and unique natural product features. In comparison with Microcystis, another dominant toxic bloom-forming genus in freshwater ecosystem, different evolutionary strategies were highlighted notably as Planktothrix exhibits an overall greater genetic diversity but a smaller genomic plasticity than Microcystis. Our results are shedding light on Planktothrix evolution, phylogeny and physiology in the frame of their diverse life styles.
Design of Hierarchical Structures for Synchronized Deformations
Authors: Seifi Hamed , Javan Anooshe Rezaee , Ghaedizadeh Arash , Shen Jianhu , Xu Shanqing , Xie Yi Min
Published: January 2017

In this paper we propose a general method for creating a new type of hierarchical structures at any level in both 2D and 3D. A simple rule based on a rotate-and-mirror procedure is introduced to achieve multi-level hierarchies. These new hierarchical structures have remarkably few degrees of freedom compared to existing designs by other methods. More importantly, these structures exhibit synchronized motions during opening or closure, resulting in uniform and easily-controllable deformations. Furthermore, a simple analytical formula is found which can be used to avoid collision of units of the structure during the closing process. The novel design concept is verified by mathematical analyses, computational simulations and physical experiments.
Growth rate control of flagellar assembly in Escherichia coli strain RP437
Authors: Sim Martin , Koirala Santosh , Picton David , Strahl Henrik , Hoskisson Paul A. , Rao Christopher V. , Gillespie Colin S. , Aldridge Phillip D.
Published: January 2017

The flagellum is a rotary motor that enables bacteria to swim in liquids and swarm over surfaces. Numerous global regulators control flagellar assembly in response to cellular and environmental factors. Previous studies have also shown that flagellar assembly is affected by the growth-rate of the cell. However, a systematic study has not yet been described under controlled growth conditions. Here, we investigated the effect of growth rate on flagellar assembly inEscherichia coliusing steady-state chemostat cultures where we could precisely control the cell growth-rate. Our results demonstrate that flagellar abundance correlates with growth rate, where faster growing cells produce more flagella. They also demonstrate that this growth-rate dependent control occurs through the expression of the flagellar master regulator, FlhD4C2. Collectively, our results demonstrate that motility is intimately coupled to the growth-rate of the cell.
Characterization of novel Acidobacteria exopolysaccharides with potential industrial and ecological applications
Authors: Kielak Anna M. , Castellane Tereza C. L. , Campanharo Joao C. , Colnago Luiz A. , Costa Ohana Y. A. , Corradi da Silva Maria L. , van Veen Johannes A. , Lemos Eliana G. M. , Kuramae Eiko E.
Published: January 2017

Acidobacteria have been described as one of the most abundant and ubiquitous bacterial phyla in soil. However, factors contributing to this ecological success are not well elucidated mainly due to difficulties in bacterial isolation. Acidobacteria may be able to survive for long periods in soil due to protection provided by secreted extracellular polymeric substances that include exopolysaccharides (EPSs). Here we present the first study to characterize EPSs derived from two strains of Acidobacteria from subdivision 1 belonging to Granulicella sp. EPS are unique heteropolysaccharides containing mannose, glucose, galactose and xylose as major components, and are modified with carboxyl and methoxyl functional groups that we characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Both EPS compounds we identified can efficiently emulsify various oils (sunflower seed, diesel, and liquid paraffin) and hydrocarbons (toluene and hexane). Moreover, the emulsions are more thermostable over time than those of commercialized xanthan. Acidobacterial EPS can now be explored as a source of biopolymers that may be attractive and valuable for industrial applications due to their natural origin, sustainability, biodegradability and low toxicity.
The Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Small-airway Remodelling in a Rat Model of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Wang Lu , Xu Zhibo , Chen Bin , He Wei , Hu Jingxian , Zhang Liting , Liu Xianzhong , Chen Fang
Published: January 2017

Small-airway remodelling is one of the most remarkable pathological features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), in which angiogenesis plays a critical role that contributes to disease progression. The endothelial cell-specific mitogen vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), as well as its receptors, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, are thought to be the major mediators of pathological angiogenesis, and sunitinib exhibits anti-angiogenesis property through VEGF blockage and has been widely used to treat various cancers. In our study, Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection and cigarette smoke (CS) inhalation to induce COPD, following sunitinib administration was conducted. Haematoxylin-eosin, Masson staining and immunostaining analysis were used to evaluate the pathological changes; quantitative real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were performed to provide more compelling data on the function of VEGF, VEGFR1, VEGFR2 in angiogenesis. Sunitinib treatment was associated with less angiogenesis in small-airway remodelling with a slightly disordered lung architecture, and lower expression level of VEGF, VEGFR1, VEGFR2. Overall, our results indicate that VEGF is a vital important factor that contributes to the small-airway remodelling in a rat model of COPD through promoting angiogenesis, which mainly depend on the specific binding between VEGF and VEGFR1 and can be effectively attenuated by sunitinib.
PtoMYB156 is involved in negative regulation of phenylpropanoid metabolism and secondary cell wall biosynthesis during wood formation in poplar
Authors: Yang Li , Zhao Xin , Ran Lingyu , Li Chaofeng , Fan Di , Luo Keming
Published: January 2017

Some R2R3 MYB transcription factors have been shown to be major regulators of phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway and impact secondary wall formation in plants. In this study, we describe the functional characterization of PtoMYB156, encoding a R2R3-MYB transcription factor, from Populus tomentosa. Expression pattern analysis showed that PtoMYB156 is widely expressed in all tissues examined, but predominantly in leaves and developing wood cells. PtoMYB156 localized to the nucleus and acted as a transcriptional repressor. Overexpression of PtoMYB156 in poplar repressed phenylpropanoid biosynthetic genes, leading to a reduction in the amounts of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Transgenic plants overexpressing PtoMYB156 also displayed a dramatic decrease in secondary wall thicknesses of xylem fibers and the content of cellulose, lignin and xylose compared with wild-type plants. Transcript accumulation of secondary wall biosynthetic genes was down-regulated by PtoMYB156 overexpression. Transcriptional activation assays revealed that PtoMYB156 was able to repress the promoter activities of poplar CESA17, C4H2 and GT43B. By contrast, knockout of PtoMYB156 by CRISPR/Cas9 in poplar resulted in ectopic deposition of lignin, xylan and cellulose during secondary cell wall formation. Taken together, these results show that PtoMYB156 may repress phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and negatively regulate secondary cell wall formation in poplar.
A novel Laccase Biosensor based on Laccase immobilized Graphene-Cellulose Microfiber Composite modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode for Sensitive Determination of Catechol
Authors: Palanisamy Selvakumar , Ramaraj Sayee Kannan , Chen Shen-Ming , Yang Thomas C. K. , Yi-Fan Pan , Chen Tse-Wei , Velusamy Vijayalakshmi , Selvam Sonadevi
Published: January 2017

In the present work, we demonstrate the fabrication of laccase biosensor to detect the catechol (CC) using laccase immobilized on graphene-cellulose microfibers (GR-CMF) composite modified screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE). The direct electrochemical behavior of laccase was investigated using laccase immobilized different modified SPCEs, such as GR/SPCE, CMF/SPCE and GR-CMF/SPCE. Compared with laccase immobilized GR and CMF modified SPCEs, a well-defined redox couple of CuI/CuIIfor laccase was observed at laccase immobilized GR-CMF composite modified SPCE. Cyclic voltammetry results show that the as-prepared biosensor has 7 folds higher catalytic activity with lower oxidation potential towards CC than SPCE modified with GR-CMF composite. Under optimized conditions, amperometrici-tmethod was used for the quantification of CC, and the amperometric response of the biosensor was linear over the concertation of CC ranging from 0.2 to 209.7 μM. The sensitivity, response time and the detection limit of the biosensor for CC is 0.932 μMμA−1cm−2, 2 s and 0.085 μM, respectively. The biosensor has high selectivity towards CC in the presence of potentially active biomolecules and phenolic compounds. The biosensor also accessed for the detection of CC in different water samples and shows good practicality with an appropriate repea.
Gender differences in cognitive Theory of Mind revealed by transcranial direct current stimulation on medial prefrontal cortex
Authors: Adenzato Mauro , Brambilla Michela , Manenti Rosa , De Lucia Lucia , Trojano Luigi , Garofalo Sara , Enrici Ivan , Cotelli Maria
Published: January 2017

Gender differences in social cognition are a long discussed issue, in particular those concerning Theory of Mind (ToM), i.e., the ability to explain and predict other people’s mental states. The aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to test the hypothesis that anodal tDCS over the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) selectively enhances cognitive ToM performance in females. In the first experiment we administered to sixteen females and sixteen males a cognitive ToM task during anodal or placebo tDCS over the mPFC. In the second experiment further sixteen females completed the task receiving anodal or placebo tDCS over the vertex. The results showed that anodal tDCS over the mPFC enhances ToM in females but not in males, an effect indicated by enhanced ToM in females that received anodal tDCS over the mPFC compared with females that received tDCS over the vertex. These findings are relevant for three reasons. First, we found evidence of gender-related differences in cognitive ToM, extending previous findings concerning affective ToM. Second, these differences emerge with anodal stimulation of the mPFC, confirming the crucial role of this area in cognitive ToM. Third, we show that taking into account gender-related differences is mandatory for the investigation of ToM.
Preparation and execution of teeth clenching and foot muscle contraction influence on corticospinal hand-muscle excitability
Authors: Komeilipoor Naeem , Ilmoniemi Risto J. , Tiippana Kaisa , Vainio Martti , Tiainen Mikko , Vainio Lari
Published: January 2017

Contraction of a muscle modulates not only the corticospinal excitability (CSE) of the contracting muscle but also that of different muscles. We investigated to what extent the CSE of a hand muscle is modulated during preparation and execution of teeth clenching and ipsilateral foot dorsiflexion either separately or in combination. Hand-muscle CSE was estimated based on motor evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and recorded from the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle. We found higher excitability during both preparation and execution of all the motor tasks than during mere observation of a fixation cross. As expected, the excitability was greater during the execution phase than the preparation one. Furthermore, both execution and preparation of combined motor tasks led to higher excitability than individual tasks. These results extend our current understanding of the neural interactions underlying simultaneous contraction of muscles in different body parts.
Costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone combination treatment inhibit breast cancer by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through c-Myc/p53 and AKT/14-3-3 pathway
Authors: Peng Zhangxiao , Wang Yan , Fan Jianhui , Lin Xuejing , Liu Chunying , Xu Yang , Ji Weidan , Yan Chao , Su Changqing
Published: January 2017

Our previous studies demonstrated that volatile oil from saussurea lappa root (VOSL), rich in two natural sesquiterpene lactones, costunolide (Cos) and dehydrocostuslactone (Dehy), exerts better anti-breast cancer efficacy and lower side effects than Cos or Dehy alone in vivo, however, their anti-cancer molecular mechanisms were still unknown. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of Cos and Dehy combination treatment (CD) on breast cancer cells through proteomics technology coupled with Western blot validation. Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) results based on the differentially expressed proteins revealed that both VOSL and CD affect the 14-3-3-mediated signaling, c-Myc mediated apoptosis signaling and protein kinase A (PKA) signaling. Western blot coupled with cell cycle and apoptosis analysis validated the results of proteomics analysis. Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were induced in a dose-dependent manner, and the expressions of p53 and p-14-3-3 were significantly up-regulated, whereas the expressions of c-Myc, p-AKT, p-BID were significantly down-regulated, furthermore, the ratio of BAX/BCL-2 were significantly increased in breast cancer cells after CD and VOSL treatment. The findings indicated that VOSL and CD could induce breast cancer cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through c-Myc/p53 and AKT/14-3-3 signaling pathways and may be novel effective candidates for breast cancer treatment.
Safety assessment of Staphylococcus phages of the family Myoviridae based on complete genome sequences
Authors: Cui Zelin , Guo Xiaokui , Dong Ke , Zhang Yan , Li Qingtian , Zhu Yongzhang , Zeng Lingbing , Tang Rong , Li Li
Published: January 2017

Staphylococcus phages of the Myoviridae family have a wide host range and potential applications in phage therapy. In this report, safety assessments of these phages were conducted based on their complete genome sequences. The complete genomes of Staphylococcus phages of the Myoviridae family were analyzed, and the Open Reading Frame (ORFs) were compared with a pool of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes using the BLAST algorithm. In addition, the lifestyle of the phages (virulent or temperate) was also confirmed using PHACTS. The results showed that all phages were lytic and did not contain resistance or virulence genes based on bioinformatic analyses, excluding the possibility that they could be vectors for the dissemination of these undesirable genes. These findings suggest that the phages are safe at the genome level. The SceD-like transglycosylase, which is a biomarker for vancomycin-intermediate strains, was widely distributed in the phage genomes. Approximately 70% of the ORFs encoded in the phage genomes have unknown functions; therefore, their roles in the antibiotic resistance and virulence of Staphylococcus aureus are still unknown and require consideration before use in phage therapy.
Towards accurate quantum simulations of large systems with small computers
Authors: Yang Yonggang
Published: January 2017

Numerical simulations are important for many systems. In particular, various standard computer programs have been developed for solving the quantum Schrödinger equations. However, the accuracy of these calculations is limited by computer capabilities. In this work, an iterative method is introduced to enhance the accuracy of these numerical calculations, which is otherwise prohibitive by conventional methods. The method is easily implementable and general for many systems.
A new serotonin 5-HT6 receptor antagonist with procognitive activity – Importance of a halogen bond interaction to stabilize the binding
Authors: González-Vera Juan A. , Medina Rocío A. , Martín-Fontecha Mar , Gonzalez Angel , de la Fuente Tania , Vázquez-Villa Henar , García-Cárceles Javier , Botta Joaquín , McCormick Peter J. , Benhamú Bellinda , Pardo Leonardo , López-Rodríguez María L.
Published: January 2017

Serotonin 5-HT6receptor has been proposed as a promising therapeutic target for cognition enhancement though the development of new antagonists is still needed to validate these molecules as a drug class for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and other pathologies associated with memory deficiency. As part of our efforts to target the 5-HT6receptor, new benzimidazole-based compounds have been designed and synthesized. Site-directed mutagenesis and homology models show the importance of a halogen bond interaction between a chlorine atom of the new class of 5-HT6receptor antagonists identified herein and a backbone carbonyl group in transmembrane domain 4.In vitropharmacological characterization of 5-HT6receptor antagonist7indicates high affinity and selectivity over a panel of receptors including 5-HT2Bsubtype and hERG channel, which suggests no major cardiac issues. Compound7exhibitedin vivoprocognitive activity (1 mg/kg, ip) in the novel object recognition task as a model of memory deficit.
Fundamental mechanism for all-optical helicity-dependent switching of magnetization
Authors: Chen Xiang-Jun
Published: January 2017

Switching magnetizations with femtosecond circularly polarized lasers may have revolutionary impacts on magnetic data storage and relevant applications. Achievements in ferrimagnetic and ferromagnetic materials of various structures strongly imply a general phenomenon of fundamental atom-laser interaction. Rotating an atom’s wave function with the rotating electric field of a circularly polarized laser, I show the quantum mechanics for the atom is equivalent to that in a static electric field of the same magnitude and a tremendous static magnetic field which interacts with the atom in somewhat different ways. When some conditions are satisfied, transitions of atoms in these two crossed effective fields lead to a highly nonequilibrium state with orbital magnetic moments inclining to the effective magnetic field. The switching finally completes after the pulse duration via relaxation.
Albuminuria is an independent risk factor of T4 elevation in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Du Xin , Pan Binbin , Li Wenwen , Zou Yonghua , Hua Xi , Huang Wenjuan , Wan Xin , Cao Changchun
Published: January 2017

This study was to explore the association between thyroid dysfunction and albuminuria. 581 cases with chronic kidney disease (CKD) were included in this study. The clinical characteristics consisted of sex, age, serum creatinine, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), thyroid function were recorded. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by CKD-EPI four-level race equation. Prevalence of different thyroid diseases was calculated by chi-square test. Levels of thyroid hormone were compared among different albuminuria groups by Kruskal-Wallis test. Spearman’s correlation was used to assess the association between albuminuria and thyroid hormone. Our study showed that total T4 and free T4 were significantly different among ACR < 30 mg/g, 30–300 mg/g and >300 mg/g (P < 0.001 and =0.007, respectively). Positive correlation between T4 (total T4 and free T4) and albuminuria was evaluated by correlation analysis (P = 0.001 and <0.001, respectively). Albuminuria was an independent influence factor of T4 after adjustment for age, sex, serum creatinine, albumin, hs-CRP, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, medication use for diabetes mellitus, eGFR, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, hypertension, and medication use for hypercholesterinemia. In conclusion, T4 was positively correlated with albuminuria, and it was completely not consistent with our anticipation. Further study is needed to elucidate the causation association between albuminuria and T4.
Dissolved organic matter uptake by Trichodesmium in the Southwest Pacific
Authors: Benavides Mar , Berthelot Hugo , Duhamel Solange , Raimbault Patrick , Bonnet Sophie
Published: January 2017

The globally distributed diazotroph Trichodesmium contributes importantly to nitrogen inputs in the oligotrophic oceans. Sites of dissolved organic matter (DOM) accumulation could promote the mixotrophic nutrition of Trichodesmium when inorganic nutrients are scarce. Nano-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) analyses of individual trichomes sampled in the South Pacific Ocean, showed significant 13C-enrichments after incubation with either 13C-labeled carbohydrates or amino acids. These results suggest that DOM could be directly taken up by Trichodesmium or primarily consumed by heterotrophic epibiont bacteria that ultimately transfer reduced DOM compounds to their host trichomes. Although the addition of carbohydrates or amino acids did not significantly affect bulk N2 fixation rates, N2 fixation was enhanced by amino acids in individual colonies of Trichodesmium. We discuss the ecological advantages of DOM use by Trichodesmium as an alternative to autotrophic nutrition in oligotrophic open ocean waters.
Adverse effects of microplastics and oxidative stress-induced MAPK/Nrf2 pathway-mediated defense mechanisms in the marine copepod Paracyclopina nana
Authors: Jeong Chang-Bum , Kang Hye-Min , Lee Min-Chul , Kim Duck-Hyun , Han Jeonghoon , Hwang Dae-Sik , Souissi Sami , Lee Su-Jae , Shin Kyung-Hoon , Park Heum Gi , Lee Jae-Seong
Published: January 2017

Microplastic pollution causes a major concern in the marine environment due to their worldwide distribution, persistence, and adverse effects of these pollutants in the marine ecosystem. Despite its global presence, there is still a lack of information on the effect of microplastics on marine organisms at the molecular level. Herein we demonstrated ingestion and egestion of nano- (0.05 μm) and micro-sized (0.5 and 6 μm) polystyrene microbeads in the marine copepod Paracyclopina nana, and examined molecular responses to exposure to microbeads with in vivo endpoints such as growth rate and fecundity. Also, we proposed an adverse outcome pathway for microplastic exposure that covers molecular and individual levels. This study provides the first insight into the mode of action in terms of microplastic-induced oxidative stress and related signaling pathways in P. nana.
Neuroprotection after a first episode of mania: a randomized controlled maintenance trial comparing the effects of lithium and quetiapine on grey and white matter volume
Authors: Berk M , Dandash O , Daglas R , Cotton S M , Allott K , Fornito A , Suo C , Klauser P , Liberg B , Henry L , Macneil C , Hasty M , McGorry P , Pantelis Cs , Yücel M
Published: January 2017

Lithium and quetiapine are effective treatments for bipolar disorder, but their potential neuroprotective effects in humans remain unclear. A single blinded equivalence randomized controlled maintenance trial was conducted in a prospective cohort of first-episode mania (FEM) patients (n=26) to longitudinally compare the putative protective effects of lithium and quetapine on grey and white matter volume. A healthy control sample was also collected (n=20). Using structural MRI scans, voxel-wise grey and white matter volumes at baseline and changes over time in response to treatment were investigated. Patients were assessed at three time points (baseline, 3 and 12-month follow-up), whereas healthy controls were assessed at two time points (baseline and 12-month follow-up). Patients were randomized to lithium (serum level 0.6 mmol l−1, n=20) or quetiapine (flexibly dosed up to 800 mg per day, n=19) monotherapy. At baseline, compared with healthy control subjects, patients with FEM showed reduced grey matter in the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate, inferior frontal gyrus and cerebellum. In addition, patients had reduced internal capsule white matter volume bilaterally (t1,66>3.20, P<0.01). Longitudinally, there was a significant treatment × time effect only in the white matter of the left internal capsule (F2,112=8.54, P<0.01). Post hoc testing showed that, compared with baseline, lithium was more effective than quetiapine in slowing the progression of white matter volume reduction after 12 months (t1,24=3.76, P<0.01). Our data support the role of lithium but not quetiapine therapy in limiting white matter reduction early in the illness course after FEM.
Assembly of BODIPY-carbazole dyes with liposomes to fabricate fluorescent nanoparticles for lysosomal bioimaging in living cells
Authors: Lv Hai-juan , Zhang Xiao-tai , Wang Shu , Xing Guo-wen
Published: January 2017

A strategy was developed to change an ACQ organic dye into a fluorescent nanoparticle probe for lysosomal bioimaging.
A microfluidic detection system for quantitation of copper incorporating a wavelength-ratiometric fluorescent quantum dot pair
Authors: Pengpumkiat Sumate , Wu Yuanyuan , Boonloed Anukul , Bandara Gayan C. , Remcho Vincent T.
Published: January 2017

Described is a new approach to building a microfluidic quantum dot wavelength-ratiometric sensor system for quantifying copper in water and biological samples.
A rapid albumin-binding 5-fluorouracil prodrug with a prolonged circulation time and enhanced antitumor activity
Authors: Zhao Dongyang , Zhang Huicong , Tao Wenhui , Wei Wei , Sun Jin , He Zhonggui
Published: January 2017

A rapid albumin-binding 5-FU prodrug has been designed and evaluated. It could form a drug–albumin conjugate nanomedicine for favorable drug delivery after intravenous administration.
The ability of a fibrous titanium oxophosphate for nitrogen-adsorption above room temperature
Authors: García-Glez Jorge , Amghouz Zakariae , da Silva Iván , Ania Conchi O. , Parra José B. , Trobajo Camino , García-Granda Santiago
Published: January 2017

Nitrogen-fixation by an inorganic material at above-ambient temperature provoked by a structural change.
Emergence through delicate balance between the steric factor and molecular orientation: a highly bright and photostable DNA marker for real-time monitoring of cell growth dynamics
Authors: Gaur Pankaj , Kumar Ajay , Dalal Reena , Bhattacharyya Shalmoli , Ghosh Subrata
Published: January 2017

A bright and biostable molecular fluorogenic material for real-time monitoring of in vitro cellular growth dynamics.
One-pot native chemical ligation by combination of two orthogonal thioester precursors
Authors: Asahina Yuya , Kawakami Toru , Hojo Hironobu
Published: January 2017

We developed a one-pot peptide ligation method using two orthogonal thioester precursors and a protecting group for the ligation reaction between Asp and Cys.
Metal-oxide-semiconductor based gas sensors: screening, preparation, and integration
Authors: Zhang Jian , Qin Ziyu , Zeng Dawen , Xie Changsheng
Published: January 2017

A review of the recent progress in the applications of MOS-based gas sensors is presented, covering the whole fabrication process of screening, preparation and integration.
Predicting the phospholipophilicity of monoprotic positively charged amines
Authors: Droge S. T. J. , Hermens J. L. M. , Gutsell S. , Rabone J. , Hodges G.
Published: January 2017

The sorption affinity of eighty-six charged amine structures to phospholipid monolayers (log KIAM) was determined using immobilized artificial membrane high-performance liquid chromatography (IAM-HPLC).
Iron oxide nanoparticles confined in mesoporous silicates for arsenic sequestration: effect of the host pore structure
Authors: Zhang Xiaolin , Wang Yihan , Chang Xiaofeng , Wang Peng , Pan Bingcai
Published: January 2017

Iron oxide nanoparticles confined in smaller pores possess a higher surface hydroxyl density and enhanced reactivity for As(v) adsorption.
Atmospheric gas-to-particle conversion: why NPF events are observed in megacities?
Authors: Kulmala M. , Kerminen V.-M. , Petäjä T. , Ding A. J. , Wang L.
Published: January 2017

In terms of the global aerosol particle number load, atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) dominates over primary emissions. The key for quantifying the importance of atmospheric NPF is to understand how gas-to-particle conversion (GTP) takes place at sizes below a few nanometers in particle diameter in different environments, and how this nano-GTP affects the survival of small clusters into larger sizes. The survival probability of growing clusters is tied closely to the competition between their growth and scavenging by pre-existing aerosol particles, and the key parameter in this respect is the ratio between the condensation sink (CS) and the cluster growth rate (GR). Here we define their ratio as a dimensionless survival parameter,P, asP= (CS/10−4s−1)/(GR/nm h−1). Theoretical arguments and observations in clean and moderately-polluted conditions indicate thatPneeds to be smaller than about 50 for a notable NPF to take place. However, the existing literature shows that in China, NPF occurs frequently in megacities such as in Beijing, Nanjing and Shanghai, and our analysis shows that the calculated values ofPare even larger than 200 in these cases. By combining direct observations and conceptual modelling, we explore the variability of the survival parameterPin different environments and probe the reasons for NPF occurrence under highly-polluted conditions.
Chemoselective synthesis of propionic acid from biomass and lactic acid over a cobalt catalyst in aqueous media
Authors: Huo Zhibao , Xiao Jiefeng , Ren Dezhang , Jin Fangming , Wang Tian , Yao Guodong
Published: January 2017

A new non-fermentative process for the transformation of biomass carbohydrates and lactic acid (LA) into propionic acid (PA) was first reported over a cobalt catalyst in water.
Cu(i)-Doped carbon quantum dots with zigzag edge structures for highly efficient catalysis of azide–alkyne cycloadditions
Authors: Liu Ze Xi , Chen Bin Bin , Liu Meng Li , Zou Hong Yan , Huang Cheng Zhi
Published: January 2017

Cu(i)-CQDs with zigzag-shaped edges were prepared and used for a highly efficient catalysis of the Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition that was made possible owing to their rapid release of Cu(i).
ID-TIMS U–Pb geochronology at the 0.1‰ level using 1013 Ω resistors and simultaneous U and 18O/16O isotope ratio determination for accurate UO2 interference correction
Authors: Wotzlaw Jörn-Frederik , Buret Yannick , Large Simon J. E. , Szymanowski Dawid , von Quadt Albrecht
Published: January 2017

We document recent advances in analytical protocols that employ 1013 Ω resistors in the Faraday cup amplifier feedback loop for high-precision U–Pb geochronology by isotope dilution thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (ID-TIMS).
In situ
207Pb/206Pb isotope ratio measurements using two Daly detectors equipped on an ICP-mass spectrometer
Authors: Obayashi Hideyuki , Tanaka Michitaka , Hattori Kentaro , Sakata Shuhei , Hirata Takafumi
Published: January 2017

The simultaneous detection of 206Pb and 207Pb ions has been made by multiple-ion counting ICP-mass spectrometry using two Daly detectors (MC-ICPMS).
Synthesis of MFI type ferrisilicate zeolite (Fe-MFI) nanocrystals by a dry gel conversion (DGC) method and their application to methanol to olefin (MTO) reactions
Authors: Miyake Koji , Hirota Yuichiro , Ono Kaito , Uchida Yoshiaki , Miyamoto Manabu , Nishiyama Norikazu
Published: January 2017

Fe-MFI nanocrystals were synthesized by a dry gel conversion method and showed superior catalytic performance in methanol to olefin reactions.
Quantifying the role of silver nanoparticles in the modulation of the thermal energy storage properties of PAM–Ag nanocomposites
Authors: Rai Tripti , Sharma Atul , Panda Debashis
Published: January 2017

A nanocomposite impregnated with a picomolar concentration of Ag NPs exhibits unprecedented thermal properties and efficiently converts optical energy to thermal energy.
Design, synthesis and evaluation of new fluorinated liquid crystals bearing a CF2CF2 fragment with negative dielectric anisotropy
Authors: Yamada Shigeyuki , Hashishita Shohei , Asai Tomoyuki , Ishihara Takashi , Konno Tsutomu
Published: January 2017

Unique tricyclic molecules bearing a CF2CF2-containing cyclohexa-1,3-diene motif were firstly synthesized and proved to show a large negative dielectric anisotropy.
First asymmetric total synthesis of aspergillide D
Authors: Jena Bighnanshu K. , Reddy G. Sudhakar , Mohapatra Debendra K.
Published: January 2017

The first asymmetric total synthesis of aspergillide D was achieved in a longest linear sequence of 18 steps following Sharpless resolution, Yamaguchi esterification, RCM reaction and Shiina macrolactonization.
Enhancing the performance of SPEEK polymer electrolyte membranes using functionalized TiO2 nanoparticles with proton hopping sites
Authors: Salarizadeh Parisa , Javanbakht Mehran , Pourmahdian Saeed
Published: January 2017

In this work, the application of a sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK)/amine functionalized titanium dioxide nanoparticle (AFT) composite as a novel membrane in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) was studied.
Structural changes of poplar wood lignin after supercritical pretreatment using carbon dioxide and ethanol–water as co-solvents
Authors: Wang Xing , Guo Yanzhu , Zhou Jinghui , Sun Guangwei
Published: January 2017

To delineate structural changes of lignin after SCEP, enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL) in poplar chips, lignin in pretreated residues (SCEP-RL), lignin in liquors (SCEP-DL) were isolated and analyzed by GPC,13C-,31P-, 2D-HSQC-NMR and TGA.
Dietary intake of magnesium-l-threonate alleviates memory deficits induced by developmental lead exposure in rats
Authors: Lou Zhi-Yi , Chen Weiheng , Xue Wei-zhen , Ding Jin-Jun , Yang Qian-Qian , Wang Hui-Li
Published: January 2017

Elevation of brain magnesium enhances cognitive capacity.
Carbohydrates as potentially versatile core subcarriers for multivalent immunogens
Authors: Kushwaha Divya , Xu Peng , Kováč Pavol
Published: January 2017

Multivalent clusters from mono- and disaccharide-centered subcarriers were synthesized by CuAAC and conjugated to a model proteinviasquarate coupling.
A homogenous “signal-on” aptasensor for antibiotics based on a single stranded DNA binding protein-quantum dot aptamer probe coupling exonuclease-assisted target recycling for signal amplification
Authors: wu Caiye , Gan Ning , Ou Changrong , Tang Haiqing , Zhou You , Cao Jinxuan
Published: January 2017

The method is based on replacement reaction, just by mixing the probes with targets for detection, which is simple and easy for manipulation.
Diffusion of tellurium at nickel grain boundaries: a first-principles study
Authors: Wang C. Y. , Han H. , Wickramaratne D. , Zhang W. , Wang H. , Ye X. X. , Guo Y. L. , Shao K. , Huai P.
Published: January 2017

The atomic structures, stabilities, segregation behaviors and diffusion barriers of Te are studied for the bulk, surfaces and four kinds of GBs of nickel. Te behavior is found to be very sensitive to the GB type. The effect of strain on diffusion is strong for different GBs.
Polypropylene/poly(methyl methacrylate)/graphene composites with high electrical resistivity anisotropy via sequential biaxial stretching
Authors: You Feng , Li Xinye , Zhang Liang , Wang Dongrui , Shi Chang-Yong , Dang Zhi-Min
Published: January 2017

The morphological transformation of PP/PMMA/graphene nanocomposites during biaxial stretching leads to anisotropic electrical conductivity.
A CaCO3/nanocellulose-based bioinspired nacre-like material
Authors: Farhadi-Khouzani Masoud , Schütz Christina , Durak Grażyna M. , Fornell Jordina , Sort Jordi , Salazar-Alvarez Germán , Bergström Lennart , Gebauer Denis
Published: January 2017

The controlled wettability of liquid calcium carbonate precursors on nanocellulose yields a nacre-like material with plasticity outperforming a biological example.
A micro-oscillation-driven energy harvester based on a flexible bipolar electret membrane with high output power
Authors: Chen Gangjin , Li Yuefeng , Xiao Huiming , Zhu Xuan
Published: January 2017

This paper reports the successful assembly of a micro-oscillation-driven energy harvester with bipolar electret membrane and dual air gap.
Study of ITO-free roll-to-roll compatible polymer solar cells using the one-step doctor blading technique
Authors: Lin Yuanbao , Cai Chaosheng , Zhang Yangdong , Zheng Wenhao , Yang Junyu , Wang Ergang , Hou Lintao
Published: January 2017

The performance of simple one-step doctor-blading ITO-free inverted polymer solar cells is primarily influenced by the inherent interfacial buffer layer stratification purity rather than the fine donor/acceptor phase separation.
An α-CrPO4-type NaV3(PO4)3 anode for sodium-ion batteries with excellent cycling stability and the exploration of sodium storage behavior
Authors: Wang Xiaofang , Hu Pu , Chen Lanli , Yao Yan , Kong Qingyu , Cui Guanglei , Shi Siqi , Chen Liquan
Published: January 2017

NaV3(PO4)3 exhibits excellent long term cycling stability, fast-ion transport characteristics and a cooperative-transport mechanism.
Solvent engineering for forming stonehenge-like PbI2nano-structures towards efficient perovskite solar cells
Authors: Tu Yongguang , Wu Jihuai , He Xin , Guo Panfeng , Wu Tongyue , Luo Hui , Liu Quanzhen , Wang Kai , Lin Jianming , Huang Miaoliang , Huang Yunfang , Lan Zhang , Li Sizhong
Published: January 2017

Stonehenge-like PbI2nanostructure, preparedviasolvent substitution, provides important progress for scalable fabrication and highly efficient perovskite solar cells.
Transport properties of hydrogen passivated silicon nanotubes and silicon nanotube field effect transistors
Authors: Montes E. , Schwingenschlögl U.
Published: January 2017

Hydrogen passivated silicon nanotube field effect transistors are predicted to combine high transconductance with low sub-threshold swing.
Generating new magnetic properties in organic–inorganic hybrids
Authors: Wu J. , Akhtar N. , Gengler R. Y. N. , Palstra T. T. M. , Rudolf P.
Published: January 2017

Organic–inorganic hybrids are a rapidly developing class of multifunctional materials, which can present properties different from those of either of their building blocks.
Optical and electronic properties of mixed halide (X = I, Cl, Br) methylammonium lead perovskite solar cells
Authors: Tombe Sekai , Adam Getachew , Heilbrunner Herwig , Apaydin Dogukan Hazar , Ulbricht Christoph , Sariciftci Niyazi Serdar , Arendse Christopher J. , Iwuoha Emmanuel , Scharber Markus C.
Published: January 2017

We report on the fabrication and opto-electronic characterization of solution-processed planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells based on methylammonium (MA) lead halide derivatives, MAPbI3−xYx(Y = Cl, Br, I).
Templated nanoporous membranes based on hierarchically self-assembled materials
Authors: Gracia I. , Romero P. , Serrano J. L. , Barberá J. , Omenat A.
Published: January 2017

The preparation of nanoporous materials from columnar hexagonal liquid crystalline networks has been accomplished by the crosslinking of a H-bonded supramolecular systems, followed by template removal.
High performance red phosphorescent organic electroluminescent devices with characteristic mechanisms by utilizing terbium or gadolinium complexes as sensitizers
Authors: Cui Rongzhen , Liu Weiqiang , Zhou Liang , Zhao Xuesen , Jiang Yunlong , Zheng Youxuan , Zhang Hongjie
Published: January 2017

High performance sensitized organic light-emitting diodes with high color purity were obtained by utilizing terbium or gadolinium complexes as sensitizers.
Rapid analysis of dechloranes in sediment and soil by selective pressurized liquid extraction using Mg–Al layered double oxides as sorbents
Authors: Zhao Tan , Tang Hua , Chen Dazhou , Huo Feifei , Li Lei
Published: January 2017

Dechloranes are chlorinated flame retardants, including Dechlorane Plus (DP), dechlorane 602 (Dec 602), dechlorane 603 (Dec 603), dechlorane 604 (Dec 604) and Mirex.