bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Semiotic interpretation of a city soundscape
Authors: Yorukoglu Papatya Nur Dokmeci , Ustun Onur Ayse Zeynep
Published: November 2018

This work presents a semiotic perspective of aspects of a soundscape evaluation of the city, Supino located in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region of Lazio. The data and sound sample collection was accomplished through the soundwalk technique undertaken by students of Çankaya University, School of Architecture during the ‘Third International Summer School in Supino’ 17–24 August 2014. For the soundscape evaluation, three zones were identified in Supino as urban, suburban, and intersection. A total of nine samples across three zones were collected during three different times in a day by soundwalks from the areas located in the identified zones. A theoretical model of semiotic interpretations of soundscapes has been proposed and applied for the analysis of Supino’s soundscape. The results showed that the soundscape of Supino differs according to its cultural, habitual, and anthropological tendencies. In addition, the semantic analysis shows that the soundscape composition of the sound sources in the three zones varies by the change of time, sound composition and sources, topography, and settlement of the city.
Effects of Concrete Age on Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Paving Mixes and Its Significance in Unbonded Overlay Design
Authors: Sabih Gauhar , Tarefder Rafiqul A.
Published: November 2018

With the advancement in rigid pavement design and advent of AASHTOWare Pavement Mechanistic-Empirical (ME) Design (American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, DC) as the latest design tool, increasing emphasis is being laid on the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of concrete. The CTE affects the performance of rigid pavements in a significant manner, with a higher CTE corresponding to greater curling and resulting in greater pavement distresses. Prior research has conflicting views regarding CTE variation with age, and there has been very little to no research on the effects of CTE on the performance of unbonded concrete overlays (UBCOs). This study is performed to investigate the variation of CTE with concrete age through laboratory testing and further quantify the effects of CTE variation on UBCO design. To facilitate, four concrete paving mixes with different types of coarse aggregates and different mix properties from different districts of New Mexico were collected. The cast specimens from each of the mixes were tested for CTE as per the AASHTO T-336, Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Hydraulic Cement Concrete, protocol, at the ages of 7, 14, 28, 60, 90, 120, and 180 days, respectively. The test results were analyzed, and it was observed that there is an increase in CTE over the range of 3.49 % to 9.77 %, between 28 days and 180 days. Further analysis was conducted with simulations in Pavement ME Design Version 2.3® that indicated a significantly deteriorated performance of the UBCO with increased CTE. The impact on transverse cracking and joint faulting is the most significant, with up to 13.3 % increase in cracking and up to 19.7 % increase in faulting distress. An unbonded overlay designed with 28 days CTE value may not perform for the design life because of the increase in CTE with age progression.
Surface Behavior of AISI H13 Alloy Steel Machining under Environmentally Friendly Cryogenic MQL with PVD-Coated Tool
Authors: Manimaran G. , Nimel Sworna Ross K.
Published: November 2018

Cooling and lubrication throughout the machining process have a vital impact on final product quality. Use of cutting fluid in the machining process will not control the increased heat generation that is due to frictional resistance, conventionally. Cryogenic machining along with minimum quantity lubrication (CMQL) is a reliable choice to flood cooling in pertinence. It averts the utilization of a large amount of cutting oil and it improves surface integrity. Carbon dioxide provides better cooling to the tool and work material. Additionally, the vegetable oil droplets provide better lubrication at the interface. The investigation results on the response of CMQL on machinability of AISI H13 steel with varying cutting speeds in the range of 45–75 m/min in end milling uses a PVD-AlTiN–coated carbide insert at a constant depth of cut. Machining with CMQL gives 52–53 % and 38–41 %, 65–71 %, and 33–41 % on cutting temperature and surface roughness, respectively, which is a dwindling value when interrelated with dry and flooded cooling environments, in which cutting forces and flank wear were subsequently reduced moderately when compared to dry and wet machining. Application of CMQL provides exceptional lubrication and cooling to the cutting zone.
A Microbiology Teaching Lab: Using Koch's Postulates to Determine the Cause of “Peep Pox” in Marshmallow Peeps
Authors: Dahl John L. , Gatlin Wayne
Published: November 2018

Koch's postulates are regularly included in the lecture portion of microbiology courses, but rarely are they demonstrated in a microbiology teaching lab. This is understandable given the logistical challenges of undergraduates working with pathogenic bacteria, ethical concerns using animals, and limited time constraints of a weekly lab period. Here we present a cost-effective, time-friendly lab activity that demonstrates the principles of microbial isolation and infection assays that are part of fulfilling Koch's postulates. The disease is “peep pox” caused by a gelatinase-positive bacterial species hydrolyzing marshmallow peeps that proxy as infected animals.
Internet Webcams Provide Opportunities for College Student Research on Animal Behavior and Ecology: An Example with Birds
Authors: Eichhorst Bruce
Published: November 2018

Live-streaming Internet webcams focused on animal subjects generally are targeted at public audiences, but have the potential to be utilized by college students for studies on animal behavior and ecology. I describe how a bird feeder webcam provided a flexible and quality visual interface for students to record video samples for an ornithology class research project. Details on the operational aspects of the webcam are provided, and factors to be considered in evaluating webcams for potential student research are discussed.
Developmental Links Between Speech Perception in Noise, Singing, and Cortical Processing of Music in Children with Cochlear Implants
Authors: Torppa Ritva , Faulkner Andrew , Kujala Teija , Huotilainen Minna , Lipsanen Jari
Published: November 2018

The perception of speech in noise is challenging for children with cochlear implants (CIs). Singing and musical instrument playing have been associated with improved auditory skills in normal-hearing (NH) children. Therefore, we assessed how children with CIs who sing informally develop in the perception of speech in noise compared to those who do not. We also sought evidence of links of speech perception in noise with MMN and P3a brain responses to musical sounds and studied effects of age and changes over a 14–17 month time period in the speech-in-noise performance of children with CIs. Compared to the NH group, the entire CI group was less tolerant of noise in speech perception, but both groups improved similarly. The CI singing group showed better speech-in-noise perception than the CI non-singing group. The perception of speech in noise in children with CIs was associated with the amplitude of MMN to a change of sound from piano to cymbal, and in the CI singing group only, with earlier P3a for changes in timbre. While our results cannot address causality, they suggest that singing and musical instrument playing may have a potential to enhance the perception of speech in noise in children with CIs.
Analyses of the Zagreb Grič observatory air temperatures indices for the period 1881 to 2017
Authors: Bonacci Ognjen , Roje Bonacci Tanja
Published: November 2018

The paper studies time series of characteristic (minimum, mean, and maximum) daily, monthly, and yearly air temperatures measured at the Zagreb Grič Observatory in the period from 1 Jan. 1881 to 31 Dec. 2017. The following five air temperatures indices (ATI) are analysed: (1) absolute minimum yearly, monthly, and daily; (2) mean yearly, monthly, and daily minimum; (3) average mean yearly, monthly, and daily; (4) mean yearly, monthly, and daily maximum; (5) absolute maximum yearly, monthly, and daily. Methods of Rescaled Adjusted Partial Sums (RAPS), regression and correlation analyses, F-tests, and t-tests are used in order to describe changes in air temperature regimes over 137 years. Using the RAPS method the five analysed yearly ATI time series durations of 137 years were divided into two sub-periods. The analyses made in this paper showed that warming of minimum air temperatures started in 1970, mean air temperatures in 1988, and maximum air temperatures in 1998. Results of t-tests show an extreme statistically significant jump in the average air-temperature values in the second (recent time) sub-periods. Results of the t-tests of monthly temperatures show statistically significant differences between practically all five pairs (except in two cases) of analysed monthly ATI subseries for the period from January to August. From September to December the differences for most of pairs (except in six cases) of the analysed monthly ATI subseries are not statistically significant. It can be concluded that the urban heat island influenced the increase in recent temperatures more strongly than global warming. It seems that urbanisation firstly and chiefly influenced the minimum temperatures, as well as that Zagreb’s urbanisation had a bigger impact on minimum temperatures than on maximums. Increasing trend in time series of maximum temperatures started 20 years later.
Conditional Inactivation of Nf1 and Pten in Schwann Cells Results in Abnormal Neuromuscular Junction Maturation
Authors: Li Xiao-Xiao , Zhang Shi-Jie , Chiu Amy P , Lo Lilian H , To Jeffery C , Cui He-Ning , Rowlands Dewi K , Keng Vincent W
Published: November 2018

The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) consists of three components, namely presynaptic motor neurons, postsynaptic muscle fibers and perisynaptic Schwann cells (PSCs). The role of Schwann cells (SCs) in regulating NMJ structural and functional development remains unclear. In this study, mice with conditional inactivation of neurofibromin 1 (Nf1) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten), specifically in SCs, resulted in delayed NMJ maturation that led to delayed muscle growth, recapitulating the muscular dystrophy condition observed in human neurofibromatosis type I syndrome (NF1) patients. Expression levels of NMJ development related molecules such as cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha polypeptide 1 (Chrna1), agrin (Agrn), dystrophin, muscular dystrophy (Dmd), laminin, beta 2 (Lamb2) and dystroglycan 1 (Dag1) were also downregulated. To further explore the molecular alterations in these SCs, NF1- and PTEN-related pathways were analyzed in mutant sciatic nerves. As expected, hyperactive RAS/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways were identified, suggesting the importance of these pathways for NMJ development, and subsequent muscle maturation.
Distribution Districting - The Case of In-Night Express Services
Authors: Brabander Christian
Published: November 2018

Distribution districting is the problem of partitioning a logistics service area into districts. A good districting plan is characterized by its properties of contiguity, compactness, and balance. Herein, a mixed integer program of the distribution districting problem is proposed. Compactness serves as the objective, since compact districts have greater operational routing flexibility. Balance of the estimated travel time per district is incorporated in the constraints of the model. Contiguity is modelled using a net flow formulation. The applicability is demonstrated at the case of in-night express at Kiessling Spedition. In express services, districting is of major importance since the feasibility and productivity of tours, bundling of shipments, daily routing efficiency, and satisfaction of customers and drivers are depending on a good districting plan. This paper contributes to the body of districting literature through a practical application of a quantitative model and thus bridges the gap between academic literature and practice.
The Non Standard English Used by Women in the Help Movie
Authors: Inderajati Aal , Ubaidillah U
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT This research discusses the grammatical features of Non-Standard English that is used by women characters in The Help movie and also the factors that influence it. The discussion in this research uses the theory from Trudgill (1999) and Holmes (1992). Further, SPEAKING formula proposed by Dell Hathaway Hymes (1974) is also used to determine the factors that influence the use of Non-Standard English. The study found five features of non-standard English used by women characters; they are missing auxiliary verbs, construction words, grammatical mistakes, wrong pronouns, and double negatives. Those features were found in the 108 data or conversations. The researcher analyzed those features through SPEAKING formula to find the factors. The factors which affect the use of non-standard English are Setting and Scene, Participants, Ends, and Genre. Moreover, Participants is the factor that mostly influences the use of Non-Standard English by women in The Help movie.   ABSTRAK Dalam penelitian ini akan dibahas tentang fitur-fitur gramatikal bahasa Inggris non-standard yang digunakan oleh karakter wanita dalam film The Help dan juga faktor yang mempengaruhi penggunaannya. Pembahasan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teori dari Trudgill dan Holmes. Disamping itu, teori SPEAKING yang dikemukakan oleh Dell Hathaway Hymes juga akan digunakan untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi penggunaan bahasa Inggris non-standard tersebut. Dari hasil analisis, peneliti menemukan lima fitur bahasa Inggris non-standard yang digunakan oleh karakter wanita; fitur tersebut yaitu missing auxiliary verb, construction words, grammatical mistakes, wrong pronoun, dan double negative. Faktor yang mempengaruhi penggunaan bahasa non-standard ialah Setting and Scene, Participants, Ends, dan Genre. Participants adalah faktor yang paling banyak mempengaruhi penggunaan bahasa Inggris nonstandard oleh karakter wanita dalam film The Help. How to Cite: Inderajati, A. Ubaidillah. (2016). The Non Standard English Used by Women in the Help Movie. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 3(2), 106-122 doi:10.15408/ijee.v3i2.5509. Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/ijee.v3i2.5509
The Effect of Blended Learning to the Students’ Achievement in Grammar Class
Authors: Isti'anah Arina
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT Blended learning is believed to improve students’ understanding in learning second language. The employment of offline and online activities is expected to give better outcome than the traditional face-to-face activities. This article presents how blended learning was applied in an English grammar class and whether it significantly improved students’ achievement after the treatment. The participants involved in this research were 26 students of the the second semester students of the English Letters Department, Sanata Dharma University. A pre-experimental research was conducted by comparing the means of the participants’ scores in both pre-test and post-test. The analysis figured out that there was a significant improvement, proven by the paired t-test analysis. The p-value 0.00 was less than alpha 0.05. This research concluded that blended learning was effective to assist the students to learn English grammar. To strengthen the findings, this research also involved pre-questionnaire and post-questionnaire to understand students’ responses on the use of blended learning. In the end of the semester, most students found that online activities help them comprehend and practice the materials. Students’ reflective journals also revealed that blended learning was able to improve their understanding and interest in learning English grammar.  ABSTRAK Blended learning dipercaya mampu meningkatkan pemahaman siswa dalam memahami bahasa asing. Penggunaan aktifitas offline dan online diharapkan mampu memberi luaran yang lebih baik dibandingkan aktifitas tatap muka secara tradisional. Artikel ini menyajikan bagaimana blended learning diterapkan dalam kelas English grammar dan mengungkapkan apakah blended learning memberikan perbedaan berarti dalam pencapaian mahasiswa sebelum dan setelah perlakuan. Partisipan yang dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester dua dari Program Studi Sastra Inggris, Universitas Sanata Dharma. 26 partisipan dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian pra-eksperimen diterapkan dengan membandingkan rata-rata nilai dari peserta dalam pre-tes dan pos-tes. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan rata-rata dari kedua tes, yang ditunjukkan dengan analisis pasangan t-tes. Nilai p menunjukkan 0.00 dan lebih kecil dari alpha 0.05. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa blended learning efektif untuk mendampingi mahasiswa belajar English grammar. Untuk memperkuat penemuan tersebut, penelitian ini juga melibatkan pre-kuesioner dan pos-kuesioner. Pada akhir semester, sebagian besar mahasiswa menemukan bahwa aktifitas online membantu mereka memahami dan melatih materi yang mereka pelajari. Jurnal reflektif mahasiswa juga menunjukkan bahwa blended learning mampu meningkatkan kemampuan mereka belajar English Grammar.How to Cite: Isti’anah, A. (2017). The Effect of Blended Learning to the Students’ Achievement in Grammar Class. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 4(1), 16-30 doi:10.15408/ijee.v4i1.5697.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/ijee. v4i1.5697
THE EFFECT OF HAMBURGER STRATEGY ON STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION OF RECOUNT TEXTS
Authors: Eviyuliwati Ismalianing , Sarwan Cesar Abi
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTThe study is aimed at finding whether or not the Hamburger Strategy is effective to use in teaching reading comprehension of recount texts at the eighth-grade students of a Junior High School level called MTs. Daarul Ma’arif in Jakarta, Indonesia. The samples of the study are 43 students who are divided into two groups, the experimental class (22 students) and the controlled class (21 students). The research method used is a quantitative method which employs a quasi-experimental design. The data collection is conducted through pretests and posttests. The validity and the reliability of the tests are measured by using ANATES. Furthermore, the collected data are analyzed using SPSS version 23 to find the t-value, i.e. to know whether there is a significant difference of the mean scores of posttests of the two groups. The finding shows that the mean score of the experimental class is 77.27 and that of the control class is 70.00. The t-value is 2.892. In addition, the hypothesis testing shows that at the sig. 2-tailed, probability  values (p) is 0.006, while alpha value (α) is 0.05. In other words, p < α, which indicates that Hѳ is rejected and Ha is accepted. In conclusion, the Hamburger Strategy is effective to use in teaching reading comprehension of recount texts at the 8th-grade students of MTs. Daarul Ma’arif, Jakarta, Indonesia. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan apakah Strategi Hamburger efektif bila dipakai untuk mengajar Membaca Teks Recount pada siswa kelas 8 MTs Daarul Ma’arif Jakarta, Indonesia. Sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari 41 siswa yang terbagi dalam dua kelompok, kelompok ekperimen (22 siswa) dan kelompok kontrol (21 siswa). Penelitian ini adalah peneliatian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan desain kuasi-eksperimental. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan memberikan pretes dan postes. Validitas dan realibilitas tesnya diuji dengan ANATES. Setelah data terkumpul, dilakukan Uji-t melalui SPSS 23 untuk mengetahui adakah perbedaan yang signifikan pada rerata nilai postes kedua kelompok. Hasil penelitiannya menunjukkan bahwa rerata nilai postes kelompok eksperimen adalah 77,27, sedangkan kelompok kontrol mendapatkan rerata nilai postes sebesar 70,00. Nilai-t nya ditemukan 2,892. Sedangkan dalam uji hipotesa disebutkan nilai probabilitas (p) = 0,006 dan nilai alpha ((α) = 0.05. Dengan kata lain nilai p < nilai (α), yang artinya Hѳ ditolak dan Ha diterima. Kesimpulannya, Hamburger Strategi efektif digunakan dalam mengajar Membaca Teks Recount siswa MTs. Daarul Ma’arif Jakarta, Indonesia. How to Cite: Eviyuliwati., I., Sarwan, C. A.(2018). The Effect of Hamburger Strategy on Students’ Reading Comprehension of Recount Texts. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 5(1), 49-60. doi:10.15408/ijee.v5i1.9880
When Parents Have Misunderstandings About the Risks and Benefits of Palliative Surgery
Authors: Robins Berklee , Booser Adam , Lantos John D.
Published: November 2018

When a child needs surgery, both the surgeon and the anesthesiologist must obtain informed consent from the parents. In theory, each specialist obtains permission for their respective portion of the procedure, with the anesthesiologist only obtaining informed consent for the administration of anesthesia and management in the operating room and recovery room. However, he or she may occasionally realize that the parents have misunderstandings about what the surgery and perioperative course entail. In such cases, he or she must decide whether their role is only to discuss the issues related to anesthesia care or whether he or she should also clarify the range of expected outcomes and the postoperative course after surgery. We present a case in which such a dilemma arose and on which we sought experts in anesthesia and ethics to comment.
The effects of Airbnb on hotels in Norway
Authors: Strømmen-Bakhtiar Abbas , Vinogradov Evgueni
Published: November 2018

This paper examines the effects of Airbnb on the Norwegian hotel market, using correlational design and the difference-in-differences statistical method. The findings show that hotels in the regions of Norway where Airbnb is flourishing have more guests than the regions with less Airbnb activity. In addition, it seems that Airbnb has a positive effect on the hotel market in Norway. However, as the Airbnb expansion continues, and it diversifies into the ‘travel business’ and the ‘luxury accommodation’ segment, it will affect the hotel industry. How the hotel industry will respond to this threat remains to be seen, and will provide an interesting subject for future research.
Diagnosis and Management of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Neurologic Toxicity: Illustrative Case and Review of the Literature
Authors: Reynolds Kerry L. , Guidon Amanda C.
Published: November 2018

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) initiate antitumor immunity by blocking the action of immune inhibitor-signaled cytotoxic proteins, such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, programmed cell death protein 1, and programmed cell death ligand 1. However, in rare cases (∼1%–12% of patients), ICI treatment causes neurologic immune-related adverse events (irAEs). These include, but are not limited to, headache, encephalitis, neuropathies, myasthenia gravis, and myositis. The symptoms associated with irAEs can range from mild (grade 1–2) to severe (grade 3–4); however, they are often challenging to diagnose because they may present as generalized symptoms, such as fatigue and weakness, that can also be caused by the cancer itself. Here, we present an illustrative case of a 67-year-old woman who presented with signs of a neurologic irAE, including progressive dysphagia and weakness leading to falls, which started during treatment with pembrolizumab and worsened following initiation of ipilimumab. Following neurological and pathological evaluation, she was diagnosed with myositis. She was treated with steroids and improved rapidly. In this article, we review previous literature to provide guidance to frequently asked questions concerning the diagnosis and management of neurologic irAEs in patients with advanced cancer. With prompt and effective treatment, most patients will achieve a complete recovery.

Key Points

Neurologic immune-related adverse events (irAEs) affect approximately 1% of patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) monotherapy and 2%-3% treated with combination therapy. These irAEs can affect any portion of the nervous system, although peripheral nerve system manifestations are most common. Overlap syndromes with multiple neurologic irAEs or other affected organ systems frequently exist. Diagnosis of neurologic irAEs can be challenging. Routine testing may be unremarkable and symptoms frequently mimic those from cancer or side effects of other therapies. Optimal management is currently unknown. A systematic, highly coordinated, and multidisciplinary approach is critical. Outcomes from neurologic irAEs are typically favorable with the current practice of holding the ICI and starting corticosteroids. Some patients are even successfully retreated with an ICI. A subset of patients, however, have a fulminant and potentially fatal course. Improved risk assessments and targeted therapies are needed.
Ultra-lightweight foamed concrete for an automated facade application
Authors: Adams Thomas , Vollpracht Anya , Haufe Johannes , Hildebrand Linda , Brell-Cokcan Sigrid
Published: November 2018

The present study deals with the development and characterisation of ultra-lightweight foamed concrete (ULFC) that can be automatically sprayed onto bare walls to allow for sustainable facade refurbishments with a smaller workload and extended design possibilities. Since heat insulation and wall adhesion increase with reduced density, the objective of the development was to strive for ultra-low densities below 150 kg/m3 that can be produced consistently and applied onto vertical walls by robots. For this purpose, rapid-setting binders based on Portland cement, calcium aluminate cement and calcium sulfate as well as protein- and surfactant-based foaming agents, were investigated to stabilise the foam structure initially. The results of this study demonstrate a foamed concrete mixture and a generator that allow for plastic densities below 150 kg/m3. The developed ULFC was examined in terms of thermal conductivity, microstructure, vertical applicability, compressive strength and durability. The results indicate excellent heat-insulation potential with the disadvantage that the material loses strength over time due to carbonation and the precipitation of ettringite.
Otel İşletmelerinde Kadın İşgören Davranışlarını Etkileyen Algılara İlişkin Bir Araştırma
Authors: Öktem Şükran , Kubat Gözde , Kızıltan Burçak
Published: November 2018

İşletmelerde işgörenlerin üretkenliği, davranışları, başarıları ve kariyer gelişimi çalışma ortamına ilişkin algılarından etkilenmektedir. Bu araştırmada, otel işletmelerinde çalışan kadınların, örgütsel adalet, işe yabancılaşma ve kadınların kariyer gelişimine engel olduğu düşünülen cam tavan sendromu algıları incelenmiştir. Araştırma verileri, Hotel Sueno-Antalya, Wyndham Grand Hotel- İstanbul, Polat Thermal Hotel-Karahayıt, Pamukkale, Denizli, Lycus River Thermal Hotel- Pamukkale, Denizli otel işletmelerinde farklı birimlerde çalışan 11 kadın mesleki turizm uzmanı ile 2017 yılında yapılan müzakereler sonucunda, iki bölümden oluşan bir soru formu kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Algıların birbirlerine göre ne kadar önemli olduğu birinci bölümde, davranışın sonuçlara göre ne kadar yaygın olduğu ise ikinci bölümde ölçülmüştür. Soru formu araştırmayı gerçekleştiren araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulmuştur. Belirlenen üç örgütsel algının önem sıralaması ve personel davranışlarına etkilerinin incelenmesi Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda işe yabancılaşmanın en önemli algı olduğu ve personel davranışlarının örgütsel algılara göre değişkenlik gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Kadın işgören verimliliğinde etkili olacağı düşünülen algıların araştırılmasıyla elde edilen sonuçlar otel yönetimlerine yeni bir bakış açısı kazandırabilir.
Hüseyin Orak Adlı Bir Müteşebbis, Türkiye Kılavuzu Adlı Bir Eser ve 1940’lı Yıllarda Bursa
Authors: AVŞAR Zakir
Published: November 2018

Ankara’nın büyük sanayici iş adamlarından birisi olan Hüseyin Orak’ın 1936 yılında çocuklarını yurt gezisi esnasında ihtiyaç duyduğu bir ülke kılavuzunu bulamayışı ile Türkiye Kılavuzu adlı çalışmanın fikri planda doğumu gerçekleşmiştir. Ancak II. Dünya Savaşı’nı müteakip gerçekleştirilen Türkiye Kılavuzu adlı çalışma bir büyük servete mal olmuştur. Hüseyin Orak’ın, ülkenin her yanına harcırah ve masraflarını vererek gönderdiği ekiplerle gerçekleştirdiği bu eser umduğu ilgiyi bulmamıştır. Bir sosyal sorumluluk düşüncesiyle yola çıkılarak, büyük emek, masraf ve zamana mal olan bu eserin ancak birinci cildini yayınlayabilmiş, diğer ciltleri ise yayınlayamamıştır. Birinci cilt içinde on dört il tek tek incelenmekte, bunlara ilişkin çeşitli veriler bulunmaktadır. Bu illerden biri de Bursa’dır. Bursa’nın 1940’lı yıllardaki sosyo-ekonomik, kültürel görünümü, tarihi ve turistik yerleri, folkloru üzerine önemli bilgilerin verildiği çalışma, özellikle şehir tarihi, kültürü ve sosyal yapı üzerine çalışanlar bakımından önemli bir kaynak olarak ele alınabilecek niteliktedir. Günümüzde neredeyse nüshasına rastlamak mümkün olmayan bu eserin ortaya çıkışının, bu satırların yazarının ulaşmasının öyküsü ile birlikte Bursa bölümünün aktarıldığı bu makale, aslında sosyal sorumluluk projesi olarak ele alınması mümkün olan Türkiye’nin ilk turizm ve tanıtım kılavuzunun/rehberinin de nasıl oluşturulduğunu gözler önüne sermektedir.
Sewer network design layout optimisation using ant colony algorithms
Authors: Villiers N , van Rooyen G , Middendorf M
Published: November 2018

The optimal design of sewer networks typically comprises two sub-problems. The first is to determine an optimal layout of the network elements, and the second to optimally design the network components. In this article the focus is on the optimisation of gravity sewer network layouts, which requires simultaneous optimisation of hydraulic design. The layout is optimised using ant colony algorithms with four proposed node and edge-based selection strategies, while a heuristic optimisation algorithm is used for the hydraulic optimisation. The resulting simultaneous optimisation algorithm is shown to perform very well. The selection strategies are shown to be effective, but no clear best strategy is identified, as the performance of the layout algorithms is shown to depend heavily on characteristics of the network under consideration. However, some strategies are shown to perform inconsistently and worse than others on average.
Звуковая скульптура в публичном пространстве
Authors: Кейлин Вадим
Published: November 2018

Speaker Sculptures1— серия звуковых скульптур в общественных пространствах, созданных Бенуа Мобри в 1987–2015 гг. Все они представляют собой сложенные из действующих громкоговорителей крупномасштабные конструкции, часто имитирующие существующие памятники архитектуры или исторические типы зданий. Публика может взаимодействовать с работой, позвонив по определенному телефонному номеру, либо посредством Bluetooth или Wi-Fi. Содержание этих интеракций составляет звуковую часть работы.

Цель данной статьи — рассмотреть реализованную в Speaker Sculptures художественную стратегию объединения общественных и частных пространств с помощью акустических медиа и технологий, а также ее гипотетические приложения к акустическому дизайну городских пространств. Следует отметить, что предметом рассмотрения является эта художественная стратегия в целом, а не отдельные работы, поэтому ряд художественных соображений, важных для отдельных скульптур, оставлен за рамками данной статьи. В то же время часть тезисов носит гипотетический характер и, возможно, выходит за рамки того, что было реализовано в конкретных работах. Другими словами, в центре данного текста — возможные эффекты, которые Speaker Sculptures могли бы оказать на городское пространство, если бы стали его постоянной частью.

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1 Название серии представляет собой непереводимую игру слов и потому дано без перевода. Speaker в данном контексте может означать как громкоговоритель, так и говорящего, а название в целом отсылает к Speakers Corner — «Уголку ораторов» в лондонском Гайд-парке. Для единообразия названия отдельных работ даны также без перевода.
Обзор актуальных исследований звука в городе
Authors: Косолапов Никита Алексеевич
Published: November 2018

Статья посвящена описанию научных работ, выполненных в области исследований звука в городе в 2015–2018 гг. Отправной точкой для анализа послужил архив междисциплинарного журнала “Sound Studies”, однако помимо этого в обзоре подробно описаны научные статьи, опубликованные в других журналах за тот же период. Особое внимание уделяется постановке исследовательских вопросов в работах, подходам к их решению и сравнению полученных результатов.
Идеология, культура и власть в постлужковской Москве
Authors: Грозовский Борис Владимирович , Башкаев Тимур Истанович , Вендина Ольга Ивановна , Заливухин Илья Вячеславович , Кальгаев Антон Александрович , Малинин Николай Сергеевич , Медведев Сергей Александрович , Ревзин Григорий Исаакович
Published: November 2018

Что такое парк «Зарядье» с исторической точки зрения? Какие смыслы он несет? Как вписывается в идеологический, политико-экономический, эстетический и культурный контекст современной Москвы? Иконический это проект или созданный наряду с другими изменениями, которые претерпевает Москва? Проект парка «Зарядье» вызывает множество вопросов.

Парк «Зарядье» можно рассматривать в сравнении с ВДНХ как проект, олицетворяющий могущество власти. Своей грандиозностью парк стирает из памяти города все предыдущие этапы преобразования этого места, создавая историю новой Москвы. С другой стороны, это консолидирующий проект, репрезентирующий российскую идентичность. Место, где каждый может найти часть своей личной истории.

Данная дискуссия проходила в рамках исследования парка «Зарядье» Михалом Муравским совместно с Высшей школой урбанистики имени А.А. Высоковского НИУ ВШЭ. Эксперты обсудили не только архитектурный и урбанистический аспекты парка «Зарядье», но и его значение в контексте Москвы Сергея Собянина.
Nadir Rastlanan Bir Olgu: Torakolitiazis
Authors: GÜRZ Selçuk , BİLGİN BÜYÜKKARABACAK Yasemin , YILMAZ Volkan , TEMEL Necmiye Gül , BAŞOĞLU Ahmet
Published: November 2018

Giriş:
Torakolitiazis,
plevral boşlukta bir veya daha fazla hareketli plevral taşın (kalsifikasyonlu
veya kalsifikasyonsuz) herhangi bir travma, müdahale veya plörezi olmadan
varlığıdır. Bu çalışmada, torakolitiazis tanısı alan olgu literatür bilgileri
eşliğinde sunulmuştur.Olgu: 53
yaşındaki bir kadın, tekrarlayan ağızdan kan gelme şikayeti ile kliniğimize
başvurdu.  Bilgisayarlı tomografide; sol
akciğer  linguler segmentte paramediastinal
ve subplevral alanda yaklaşık 8x10 mm kalsifikasyon içeren düzgün sınırlı
nodüler lezyon saptanması üzerine tarafımıza başvurdu. Hastaya intratorasik
nodül tanısı ile Video yardımlı
torasik cerrahi (VATS) uygulandı. Eksplorasyonda, sol plevral boşlukta
parakardiyak yağlı doku içerisinde serbest, beyaz renkli, 1x2 cm’lik solid nodül
çıkarıldı. Histopatolojik inceleme, torakolitiyaz ile uyumlu; fibröz ve yer yer
kalsifiye kapsül ile çevrili iç yüzünde yağ nekrozu ile uyumlu olabilecek
alanlar içeren kalsifiye fibrotik nodül olarak raporlandı. Hasta postoperatif
2. Günde sorunsuz olarak taburcu edildi.Tartışma: Tek veya çoklu periferik kalsifiye ve özellikle mobil, intratorasik
nodüllerin ayırıcı tanısında torakolitiazis akılda bulundurulmalıdır. Bu hastalarda, torakoskopik
eksplorasyon, efektif ve güvenle uygulanabilecek ilk tercih tedavi seçeneği
olmalıdır.
İki Yıl Boyunca Bilateral Multilobar Rezorbe Olmayan Konsolidasyonlarla Seyreden Mikropapiller Adenokarsinoma
Authors: ESME Hıdır , EREN KARANİS Meryem İlkay
Published: November 2018

Adenokarsinomada
radyografi, pnömoniden ayırt edilemeyen ve hava bronkogramlarının sıklıkla
birlikte olduğu bilateral multilobar konsolidasyonları nadiren gösterebilir.
İki yıldır devam eden bilateral multilobar konsolidasyonlardan dolayı takip
edilen 65 yaşındaki bayan hasta sunuldu. Hastada bronkoskopi tanısal değildi ve
antituberküloz dahil bir çok defa antibyotik tedavisi almasına rağmen iyleşme
sağlanamamıştı. Bu periyotta hastanın lezyonlarında belirgin değişiklikler
görülmedi ve kliniğinde anlamlı kötüleşme olmadı. Sağ üç lobtan torakoskopik
wedge rezeksiyon yapılan hastada mikropapiller adenokarsinoma tanısı kondu.
Çalışmamızda literatürde çok az sunulan, iki yıllık periyotta anlamlı
değişikliklerin olmadığı bilateral multilobar konsolidasyonlarla ortaya çıkan
adenokarsinoma olgusunu sunmayı amaçladık.
Robot Yardımlı Parsiyel Nefrektomi: İlk 56 Hastamızda Cerrahi Teknik ve Onkolojik Sonuçların Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: İSLAMOĞLU Ekrem , ÖZSOY Çağatay , KARAMIK Kaan , EROL İbrahim , ATEŞ Mutlu , SAVAŞ Murat
Published: November 2018

Amaç: Kliniğimizde böbrek
tümörü nedeniyle robot yardımlı  parsiyel
nefrektomi (RYPN) yapılan ilk 56 hastamızda cerrahi teknik ve onkolojik
sonuçların değerlendirilmesi.Materyal ve metod: Mart
2015 ile Şubat 2018 tarihleri arasında RYPN yapılan 56 hastanın  prospektif olarak toplanan verileri geriye
dönük olarak analiz edildi. Preoperatif kan parametrelerinde hemoglobin, serum
üre/kreatinin ve karaciğer fonksiyon testleri bakıldı. Perioperatif
parametrelerde; ameliyat ve iskemi süreleri ile kan transfüzyonları kaydedildi.
Postoperatif olarak hemoglobin değerleri ve patolojik sonuçlar incelendi.Bulgular: Yaşları
ortalama 59 yıl (32-84) olan 44 erkek ve 12 kadın hastaya transperitoneal
yaklaşınla RYPN uygulandı. Ortalama tümör çapı 3.8 cm (1.5-8) olan 27 sağ, 29 sol
renal ünite opere edildi. Ortalama operasyon süresi 151 dk  (90-250), ortalama sıcak iskemi süresi 24.5
dk (18-35), ortalama kan kaybı 63 ml
(25-100) idi. Bir hastada (% 1.7) transfüzyon gerektiren perirenal hematom
gözlendi. Hiçbir hastada açık cerrahiye dönülme ihtiyacı olmadı ve hiçbir
hastada nefrektomi gerekmedi. Sekiz hastada pelvikaliksiyel sistem açıldığı
için onarım yapıldı ancak hiçbirisine üreteral stent yerleştirme ihtiyacı
duyulmadı. Böbrekteki kitlelerin % 78.5’i primer renal hücreli karsinom olarak
raporlandı ve 4 hastada (% 9.0) cerrahi sınır pozitif olarak belirtildi.
Hastaların ortalama takip süresi 13(4-36) aydı ve hiçbir hastada lokal
rekürrens ya da uzak metastaz görülmedi. Hiçbir hastada insizyonel herni gibi
geç dönem komplikasyon izlenmedi.

Sonuç: RYPN, iyi seçilmiş evre
1 böbrek tümörlerinde güvenle uygulanabilen bir cerrahi yöntemdir. Cerraha
sağladığı sütür atma kolaylığı ve hareket serbestliği sayesinde sıcak iskemi
süresini makul düzeylerde tutarak,  öngörülen
onkolojik ve fonksiyonel sonuçlara, düşük morbidite ile ulaşılmasını sağlar.
Enterovirus (EV) D68 TaqMan 2018 (EV-D68-TM2018) v1
Authors: M Mackay Ian , A Northill Judy
Published: November 2018

This protocol aims to amplify enterovirus (EV) D68 viruses and not other viruses. This protocol is modified from a previously published method cited below. Details of the modification are included in the method. The oligonucleotides target the 5'UTR noncoding region. This is a qualitative test for investigating EV-D68 infection of humans. The test has identified both the original EV-D68 strains and contemporary strains which has been confirmed by subgenomic sequencing of partial 5'UTR-VP2 and partial VP1 sequencing. Culture of the virus is not required as this assay is capable of detecting EV-D68 direct from extracted clinical samples.
Pilot Experimentation of the Accuracy of Accelerometer Activity Count-Derived Breaks in Sedentary Time
Authors: Loprinzi Paul D. , Edwards Meghan K
Published: November 2018

Introduction: The purpose of this study was toconduct a pilot experimentation of the accuracy of the ActiGraph GT9X model in detecting breaks from sedentary behavior.

Methods: Participants completed six transitional-based sedentary break activities while wearing an ActiGraph GT9X accelerometer. Data were processed using both the default filter and low-frequency extension filter. Direct observation was used as the criterion to observe a break in sedentary behavior. Trial 1 included the transition from sitting to standing; trial 2, sitting to walking for 30 sec; trial 3, sitting to walking for 1 min; trial 4, standing to walking for 30 sec; trial 5, standing to walking for 1 min; and trial 6, standing to sitting. Results: For both the default and low-frequency filter, the accelerometer only detected a break 10% of the time for trial 1. Accuracy was also low (<40%) for trial 6. However, accuracy was perfect (100%) for trials 2-5. Conclusion: The ActiGraph GT9X accelerometer was inaccurate in detecting a sedentary break when transitioning from a sitting to standing position but was accurate for other transitional shifts.
THE LIPOSOMAL ARANOSA DOES NOT INDUCE AUTOPHAGY
Authors: Afanasieva D. A. , Baryshnikova M. A. , Khochenkova Yu. A. , Golyshko P. V. , Khochenkov D. A. , Stepanova E. V. , Ryabaya O. O.
Published: November 2018

Previous studies have shown that aranosa-lio initiate cell death by activation of CD95-receptor of apoptosis. The mechanism of liposomal aranosa action is still unknown. Anticancer drugs may cause tumor cell death by the activation of autophagy. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of liposomal aranosa on autophagy. The study was assessed on human melanoma cell lines mel Mtp, mel Ibr, mel Kor, mel Z and mel Mtp clone X. The cells were treated with aranosa-lio or liposomal aranosa at concentration 450 μg/ml for 24 hours. The expression of autophagy were analyzed the expression of mRNA Beclin 1. Expression of mRNA Beclin 1 was reduced on the majority of cell lines, which might be due to the fact that the liposomal form of the drug caused cell death by intrinsic apoptosis which is suppose to suppress autophagy.
A SEARCH FOR CANCER-TESTIS GENES EXPRESSION IN BLOOD AND BIOPSY OF PATIENTS WITH COLORECTAL CANCER
Authors: Golyshko P. V. , Novikov D. V. , Anan'ev S. V. , Baryshnikov K. A. , Novikov V. V.
Published: November 2018

CTA are locate in a group of tumor-associated proteins. In normal conditions their expression is limited to embryonic tissues and reproductive tissues of adults. In other tissues CTA are not exist. Interestingly, that the aberrant CTA overexpression is Observed during malignant transformation. In this work we investigated the mRNA of 20 CTA genes overexpression in biopsy and peripheral blood of 49 patients. Among them a MAGE-A1, MAGE-A2 MAGE-A3 MAGE-A4, MAGE-A5, MAGE-A6 mRNAs were detected in same time by using originally primers, that specifically recognize MAGEA-conservative sequences. Similar system of primers was constructed for GAGE1-8 verification. Furthermore, the expression of SSX1, SSX2, SSX4, XAGE1, NY-ESO1 and MAGEC1 was identified. It is found that the detection of mRNA CTA-coding genes can be used as a monitoring test. The presence of mRNA MAGE-C1 and XAGE1 genes in the blood of patients with colorectal cancer could be a potential marker of a more favorable course of the disease. In other hand, the existence of mRNA MAGE-A1-6, GAGE 1-8 and SSX1,2,4 genes may indicate a poor prognosis.
THE ROLE OF EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION IN REGULATION OF SOLID TUMORS CANCER STEM CELLS CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Farmakovskaya M. D. , Khromova N. V. , Rybko V. A. , Kopnin P. B.
Published: November 2018

CSCs are a tumor cell subpopulation that is a potential cause of cancer therapy resistance, recurrence and metastasis. This is the reason cscs seem a promising target for developing new approaches in anticancer treatment. Several mechanisms have been revealed that allow cancer cells to acquire CSC phenotype making malignant tumor treatment much more complicated. One of such mechanisms is a variant of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and e-cadherin loss, which results in cells with CSC characteristics occurring in carcinomas. The purpose of the present study is to review possible ways if cscs formation in human carcinomas.
THE ALGORITHM OF QUANTITATIVE DETECTION OF PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN AT PATIENTS WITH A PROSTATE ADENOCARCINOMA
Authors: Blokhin D. Yu. , Ivanov P. K. , Vlasenkova N. K. , Chinareva I. V. , Showa I. B.
Published: November 2018

Background. Concentration of a prostate specific antigen (PSA) in blood serum considerably increases in case of development of a prostate adenocarcinoma, in tens and hundreds times exceeding extreme values of the range of the determined concentration for all existing diagnostic test systems that limits possibilities of their application for the purpose of systematic monitoring of a condition of patients and efficiency of the treatment. At the same time, change of standard algorithm of accomplishment of the laboratory analysis stated in instructions to the relevant test systems allows to expand the range of the determined concentration of the PSA significantly. Objective. The present research is executed for the purpose of creation of algorithm of quantitative detection of the total PSA concentration in blood serum specimens by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) suitable at the same time for primary laboratory diagnostics, screening and systematic monitoring of a condition of patients with the verified diagnosis of a prostate adenocarcinoma. Materials and methods. In present investigation serially made EIA-kits for quantitative determination of level of a total PSA blood serum specimens certified by the Russian Ministry of Health for clinical laboratory diagnostics are used. In research samples of blood serum of almost healthy donors, and also patients with not tumoral diseases of a prostate, and also patients with the verified diagnosis of a prostate adenocarcinoma, including in a stage of a dissemination of tumoral process were applied. Results. It is shown that linearity of the defined concentration of the total PSA at consecutive two-fold dilutions of blood serum samples by the “zero” standard remains dilution up to 1024 times that allows to execute correctly measurement of total PSA level in the range up to 30 000 ng/ml. Conclusion. The simple algorithm of performance of quantitative detection of PSA by EIA at patients with a prostate adenocarcinoma is developed and approved.
ANTITUMOR EFFECT OF HYDROGEL CISPLATIN ON ZEJDEL ASCITES HEPATOMA
Authors: Reutovich M. Yu. , Istomin Yu. P. , Krasko O. V. , Treshalina H. M. , Bychkovsky P. M. , Yurkshtovich T. L. , Shmak A. I. , Golub N. V. , Alinovskaya V. A. , Kosterova R. I. , Solomevich S. O. , Rogov Y. I.
Published: November 2018

Aims and objectives. During regional intraperitoneal chemotherapy cytostatics in prolonged dosage form, in particular, on the basis of various biodegradable hydrogels, such as dextran phosphate are applied. Aim of the study - a comparative evaluation of the antitumor activity ofcisplatin and cisplatin in prolonged dextran phosphate hydrogel form on Zajdel ascites hepatoma. Materials and methods. On 49 white no inbreed rats (n = 7) with implanted intraperitoneal Zajdel ascites hepatoma the antitumor activity of cisplatin in prolonged dextran phosphate hydrogel form with single intraperitoneal injection of the dosage from 3 to 8 mg/kg (≈ maximum tolerated dose, MTD) was evaluated in comparison with officinal cisplatin. The treatment efficacy was assessed by a statistically significant standard criteria: the absence of ascites by 32nd day of the experiment (complete remission) and an increase in life span of rats with ascites (T/C >_125 %, «treatment/control») in comparison with the rats without treatment (tumor growth control, where T/C = 100 %) or treated with officinal cisplatin. Macroscopic, pathomorphological and statistical analysis of the results were used. Results. It has been shown that hydrogel form of cisplatin compared to cisplatin was significantly more effective: complete remission 4/7-6/7 vs 0/7, T/C = 140-188 % vs 91-101 %, the volume of ascites 13,6 ± 6,6 ml vs 50,0 ± 7,9 ml (p = 0,004) because of a better tolerance. Regression analysis confirms that hydrogel form of cisplatin in used dose range significantly improves the rats survival with Zajdel ascites hepatoma, reducing the risk of death from tumor in 7-35 times and the relative risk with the dose of 5,5 mg/kg in 36 times (95 % CI3,86 + 327,60) (p = 0,002-0,005). Conclusions. The data obtained allow considering the hydrogel form of cisplatin as a promising prolonged this drug form of cisplatin by the intraperitoneal therapy and recommending it to preclinical study.