bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health Care Associated Multidrug Resistant Acinetobacter Infections in a Tertiary Critical Care Center of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Mia Md Faruk , Khan Arif Ahmed , Chakraborty Anjana
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Acinetobacter spp, emerged as important pathogen exhibiting increasing antimicrobial resistance. Worldwide, multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter is being established as a significant cause of health-care-associated infections along with their resistant trait.

Methods:This retrospective, cross-sectional study was done in critical care centers (CCC) of Combined Military Hospital (CMH) from May to September 2016. Total 69 patients with infection by Acinetobacter were included in this study. Center for Disease Control (CDC) criteria for selection of nosocomial infection were used. Specimen were inoculated in blood and MacConkey agar, incubated 24 hours at 37°C in aerobic condition and yield in plates were examined. Antibiotic resistance of isolated organisms were observed in Mueller Hinton agar sensitivity media by using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method.

Results:Among the total 69 (males 27, females 42,) and age range 2-75 years, Acinetobacter infected patients, 31 were from medical, 23 from surgical and 15 were from high dependency unit (HDU). Specimens were tracheal aspirate (24, 34.80%), urine (18, 26.90%), wound swab (12, 17.40%), pus (6, 8.70%), high vaginal swab (6, 8.70%) and bronchoalveolar lavage (3, 4.35%). Empiric antibiotics were given in all, one course of antibiotic was used in one, in others two or more courses were given. In the study, total 17 antibiotics were used for identifying resistance pattern of Acinetobacter isolates. Ceftazidime (91.30%), ceftriaxone (91.30%), amikacin(52.20%), gentamicin (33.33%), cotrimoxazole (50%) and ciprofloxacin (65.22%) were mostly resistant. Colistin appeared as most effective antibiotic with only 7.70% resistance rate.

Conclusion: Acinetobacter, isolated in this study were resistant to most antibiotics. Colistin was the most sensitive one. Multi drug resistance (DR), extended DR and pan DR Acinetobacter organisms are reported worldwide, work on clinical presentation, trends of drug use in particular set up is important to combat the situation of ‘Going out of drug state’.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(2): 59-63
Association between Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Rahman Anisur , Raihan ASMA , Ahmed Dewan Saifuddin , Karim Mohammad Enamul , Saeed Atia , Siddique Abu Raihan , Sadat SM Anwar
Published: March 2020

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) remains one of the most common worldwide human infections and is associated with a number of important upper gastrointestinal (GI) conditions including chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric carcinoma and special type of lymphoma. Anaemia is a common disorder in developing countries and the commonest cause is iron deficiency. There are many causes for high prevalence of this disorder in our society, many are well-known and investigated while some are new and not well established. Although H. pylori associates peptic ulcers and gastric malignancy can cause bleeding, resulting in iron deficiency, but majority of patients infected with H. pylori does not have ulcer or malignancy. They usually have chronic gastritis that is not associated with GI bleeding. About 35% of iron deficiency anaemia cases remain unexplained after a gastrointestinal evaluation. Recently investigation focused on the role of H. pylori, in the development of extra-gastrointestinal diseases including Iron deficiency anaemia.

Methodology: This observational, cross sectional study was carried out at BSMMU, Dhaka from July 2010 to October 2011 to find out the association between H. pylori infection and iron deficiency anemia in Bangladeshi adults. Patients with dyspepsia and indication of upper GI endoscopy were initially enrolled in the study and finally a total of 168 subjects were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Result: Among 168 patients, 105 (62.5%) were male and 63(37.5%) were female with the mean age of 33.25 years. On endoscopy, 147(87.5%) of the patients had normal findings and 21(12.5 %) had erosive gastritis. None of them had hemorrhagic erosive gastritis. Among 168 patients, 115(68.45%) were positive and 53(31.55%) were negative for H. pylori by rapid urease test. In our study, we have found a significant low mean serum ferritin level (P<0.001) in H. pylori infected patients. This result is consistent with most of previous data concerning the effect of H. pylori infection on iron metabolism. This study has also revealed a significant (P<0.001) lower value of mean MCV and MCH in H. pylori positive patients. Regarding hemoglobin value, our study has showed no significant (P>0.05) different in hemoglobin level according to H. pylori status.

Conclusion: Though there was no significant low hemoglobin level in our study, mean hemoglobin level was low in H. pylori positive patient. In our study H. pylori was not significantly associated with iron deficiency anemia but it was significantly associated with iron deficiency.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(2): 68-78
Comparison of Juvenile and Adult Onset Refractory Spondyloarthritis Patients Attending a Tertiary Rheumatology Clinic
Authors: Islam Md Nazrul , Islam Khaleda
Published: March 2020

Objectives: To compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of juvenile onset refractory spondyloarthritis (JOSpA) with a group of adult-onset refractory spondyloarthritis (AOSpA) patients.

Methods: In this real-life, cross-sectional study, a total of 215 SpA patients (refractory to two NSAIDs and/or DMARDs) were enrolled following ASAS classification criteria from a rheumatology center in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Based on age, the patients were divided into JOSpA group and AOSpA group for analysis. The patients’ demographics, quality of life, laboratory and clinical characteristics were compared and analyzed between the two groups using chisquare and independent sample t-test.

Results: Among 215 patients, 57 (53 males, 4 females) were in JOSpA group, and 158 (126 males, 32 females) were in AOSpA group. Most patients were male in both groups (P=0.02). The mean age at diagnosis for JOSpA and AOSpA were 27.68±9.5 and 40.28±10 years respectively (P=0.00), and mean age at onset of disease in JOSpA and AOSpA were 12.33±3.62 and 29.58±96.5 years respectively. The mean disease duration was 15.36±9.3 months in JOSpA compared to 10.70±7.1 months in AOSpA group (P=0.00). Sixteen (28.1%) JOSpA and 9 (5.7%) AOSpA patients were undernourished, (P=0.00). On the contrary, obesity was more prevalent in AOSpA patients (41.1%) than those in JOSpA patients (21.1%) (P=0.00). There were significant differences in mean haemoglobin (11.38±1.7 and 10.94±1.3 g/dl) (P=0.05) and mean serum creatinine (0.94±0.2 and 0.86±0.2 mg/dl) (P=0.03) levels in AOSpA and JOSpA groups respectively. HLA-B27 was done in 20 JOSpA and 61 AOSpA patients. Among them, 19 (95%) were positive in JOSpA and 55 (90.16%) were positive in AOSpA groups. Similarly, hips involvement was higher in JOSpA group 19 (33.3%) compared to the AOSpA group 21 (13.3%) (P=0.004). Significant differences were observed in mean disease activity parameters, patient global assessment (PGA) (7.86±1.2 vs 7.38±1.4, P=0.02), ASDAS-CRP (4.60±0.8 vs 4.33±0.9, P=0.05), and ASDAS-ESR (4.49±0.8 vs 4.17±1.0, P=0.02) in JOSpA and AOSpA groups respectively. The modified Stoke AS Spinal Score (mSASSS) in AOSpA group was higher (24.18±17.22) than that of JOSpA group (17.10±9.6) (P=0.00).

Conclusions: In JOSpA patients, under nutrition, hip involvement, longer disease duration, uveitis, PGA, low Hb level and ASDAS-ESR disease activity scores were higher. On the contrary in AOSpA group, male gender, married subjects, obesity, higher creatinine level and mSASSS scores were higher.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(2): 79-85
Kasvatuksella luodaan maailmaa, jossa on helpompi rakastaa
Authors: Hjelt Nina
Published: March 2020

Klassikon paluu -sarjassa esitellään teoksia, jotka ovat olleet merkityksellisiä aikuiskasvatuksen tutkijoille ja ammattilaisille opinnoissa, tutkimuksessa ja työssä. Sarjan avaavat Juha Suoranta ja Nina Hjelt esseillään kasvatusfilosofi Paulo Freiresta, joka perusti pedagogiikkansa kriittiseen lukutaitoon.
Sivistys on tulevaisuuden työelämätaito
Authors: Kouvo Terhi
Published: March 2020

Ammattikorkeakoulun tehtävät on ajateltava uusiksi, sillä viheliäiset globaalit ongelmat vaativat koulutusta uudistumaan, sanovat Vuoden 2019 tiedeartikkelin tekijät.
Analytic Families of Self-Adjoint Compact Operators Which Commute with Their Derivative
Authors: MAOUCHE Abdelaziz
Published: March 2020

Spectral properties of analytic families of compact operators on a Hilbert space are studied. The results obtained are then used to establish that an analytic family of self-adjoint compact operators on a Hilbert space $\mathcal{H},$ which commute with their derivative, must be functionally commutative.
Reproducing Kernels for Hardy and Bergman Spaces of the Upper Half Plane
Authors: BONYO Job
Published: March 2020

Using invertible isometries between Hardy and Bergman spaces of the unit disk $\D$ and the corresponding spaces of the upper half plane $\uP$, we determine explicitly the reproducing kernels for the Hardy and Bergman spaces of $\uP$. As a consequence, we obtain the duality relations for the reflexive Hardy and Bergman spaces of the half plane $\uP$.
Perfil dos profissionais envolvidos no abate e consumidores de carne no município de Itabi/SE
Authors: Santana Juliana Caroline Santos , Souza Marcos Felipe dos Santos , Santos Luiz Paulo de Souza , Dantas Francielle da Conceição , Ferreira Angela Cristina Dias , Gurgel Antonio Leandro Chaves
Published: March 2020

Os processos de abate tem sido alvos de críticas, e a sanidade das instalações por não proporcionar a higiene necessária para o procedimento de abate e armazenamento da carne. O objetivo foi expor o nível de conhecimento das pessoas envolvidas no processo de abate e dos consumidores da carne município de Itabi/SE mediante de um formulário com questões direcionadas que visaram expor o grau de conhecimento dos mesmos. Dos marchantes 54,0% se mantem na atividade por falta de oportunidade, 63,0% do total entrevistado acredita que as condições de trabalho estão adequadas e apenas 36,4% não concordam com a forma como os animais são tratados durante todo o processo até o abate. Os consumidores preferem a carne vendida na feira (65,7%), do total dos entrevistados 88,24% estariam dispostos a pagar um valor maior por uma carne onde o animal fosse abatido em um ambiente sem estresse para o animal, pois 80% confirmaram que reduziram o consumo caso soubesse que foram utilizadas, mas práticas de abate. O nível educacional influência diretamente o grau de conhecimento sobre os riscos do consumo de alimentos contaminados, como também quanto menor o grau de escolaridade menor a precaução à integridade do animal, todo o procedimento e também pós abate no manuseio da carne.
MEASUREMENT OF VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION QUESTIONER in E-BOARDING APPICATIONS
Authors: Safitri Sisilia Thya , Kusumawardani Dwi Mustika , Wiguna Citra , Supriyadi Didi , Yulita Intan
Published: March 2020

PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) is the largest company in Indonesia which is engaged in railroad transportation. One of the technological innovations carried out by PT KAI (Persero) is to make the KAI Access application with the latest feature is e-boarding. Through the e-boarding feature provided by PT KAI, KAI seeks to provide excellent service to customers. Not many customers use the e-boarding application as a gap between PT KAI's vision and train customers. The gap that exists between the vision and customer acceptance of information technology needs to be measured to determine the extent to which the implementation of the information technology is accepted by the customer. One method used to measure customer satisfaction is to use the use questionnaire. Before measuring customer satisfaction using the Use questionnaire, each item of questions must be tested for validity and reliability. The purpose of measuring the validity and reliability of this research is to ensure the accuracy and reliability of each question on the questionnaire as a test tool. The validity test results used by using the construct validity technique are valid. The reliability test results using the split-half reliability technique have a value of 0.9896 or equivalent to the very high-reliability criteria.
IMAGE BACKGROUND PROCESSING FOR COMPARING ACCURACY VALUES OF OCR PERFORMANCE
Authors: Kholifah Desiana Nur , Nawawi Hendri Mahmud , Thira Indra Jiwana
Published: March 2020

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is an application used to process digital text images into text. Many documents that have a background in the form of images in the visual context of the background image increase the security of documents that state authenticity, but the background image causes difficulties with OCR performance because it makes it difficult for OCR to recognize characters overwritten by background images. By removing background images can maximize OCR performance compared to document images that are still background. Using the thresholding method to eliminate background images and look for recall values, precision, and character recognition rates to determine the performance value of OCR that is used as the object of research. From eliminating the background image with thresholding, an increase in performance on the three types of OCR is used as the object of research.
IMPLEMENTATION OF GAIN RATIO AND K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR FOR CLASSIFICATION OF STUDENT PERFORMANCE
Authors: Setiyorini Tyas , Asmono Rizky Tri
Published: March 2020

Predicting student performance is very useful in analyzing weak students and providing support to students who face difficulties. However, the work done by educators has not been effective enough in identifying factors that affect student performance. The main predictor factor is an informative student academic score, but that alone is not good enough in predicting student performance. Educators utilize Educational Data Mining (EDM) to predict student performance. KK-Nearest Neighbor is often used in classifying student performance because of its simplicity, but the K-Nearest Neighbor has a weakness in terms of the high dimensional features. To overcome these weaknesses, a Gain Ratio is used to reduce the high dimension of features. The experiment has been carried out 10 times with the value of k is 1 to 10 using the student performance dataset. The results of these experiments are obtained an average accuracy of 74.068 with the K-Nearest Neighbor and obtained an average accuracy of 75.105 with the Gain Ratio and K-Nearest Neighbor. The experimental results show that Gain Ratio is able to reduce the high dimensions of features that are a weakness of K-Nearest Neighbor, so the implementation of Gain Ratio and K-Nearest Neighbor can increase the accuracy of the classification of student performance compared to using the K-Nearest Neighbor alone.
A baitbox for all seasons: temporal shifts in a vector’s propagule supply characteristics and implications for invasion ecology
Authors: Fowler AE , Blakeslee AMH , Canning-Clode J , Repetto MF , Ruiz GM , Whitman Miller A
Published: March 2020

Invasion dynamics are influenced by both vector operation and propagule pressure. Which propagules are entrained in a vector depends on how, where, and when a vector operates, but the timing and effects of vector operations on species delivery patterns is poorly resolved. Using the live marine baitworm trade, we tested vector selectivity across 3 boreal seasons (summer 2011, fall 2011, and spring 2012). We compared macroinvertebrate assemblages at the source (Maine, US east coast field) and in baitboxes upon delivery (Mid-Atlantic distributors, US east coast) and quantified live and dead biota to test for interactive effects of season and vector stage (i.e. source vs. destination) on per capita abundance, species richness, diversity, functional richness, and community composition. In all, we identified 46262 hitchhiking macro-organisms from 56 distinct taxa. Among live biota, taxonomic richness, functional group richness, and abundance differed by vector stage and season. Community composition showed seasonality for functional groups, but not for taxonomic groups. Vector stage affected dead community composition more than season, implying that vector operations (i.e. handling at source and during shipping) filter species transfers differentially. Dead communities were typically composed of the most abundant live organisms in the same baitboxes, emphasizing how important propagule pressure is to successful transport. Some combinations of 5 key functional traits (body size, feeding mode, growth form, modularity, and motility) were associated with increased survival during vector transfer. Successful species transfers are correlated with specific functional traits and propagule pressure, both of which are influenced by seasonal variation.
NIEKOĽKO POZNÁMOK K ULPIÁNOVEJ “ZÁUJMOVEJ” TEÓRII DEĽBY PRÁVA A JEJ RELEVANCII PRE SÚČASNÝ SLOVENSKÝ PRÁVNY PORIADOK
Authors: Ivančík Ján
Published: March 2020

Autor v príspevku poukazuje na účel a význam dichotomickej deľby práva, ktorej autorstvo je v zmysle Digest priznávané Ulpiánovi. Na niekoľkých aktuálnych prípadoch (najmä ochrana spotrebiteľa a informačný systém bezpečnosti na športových podujatiach) analyzuje relevanciu záujmovej teórie pre súčasnú slovenskú legislatívu.
OCHRANA SÚKROMIA A OSOBNÝCH ÚDAJOV V PRÍPADE POUŽÍVANIA SÚBOROV COOKIES
Authors: Rózenfeldová Laura
Published: March 2020

Predmetom tohto príspevku je poukázanie na dopady novej právnej úpravy týkajúcej sa ochrany osobných údajov na používanie súborov cookies za účelom zberu a následného spracúvania osobných alebo iných údajov používateľov, a to najmä s prihliadnutím na aplikáciu základných práv na ochranu súkromia a osobných údajov používateľa. Súčasne sú v tomto príspevku bližšie analyzované dve rozhodnutia Súdneho dvora, ktoré sa venujú problematike používania súborov cookies, a to vo vzťahu k identifikácii subjektu zodpovedného za ich používanie (vo veci C-210/16 Wirtschaftsakademie Schleswig-Holstein), ako aj konkrétnym požiadavkám kladeným na spôsob získania súhlasu používateľa so spracúvaním jeho osobných údajov prostredníctvom súborov cookies (vo veci C-673/17 Planet49).
NÁVRHY DE LEGE FERENDA VZŤAHUJÚCE SA NA REGULÁCIU FINANČNÉHO PORADENSTVA
Authors: Slezáková Andrea
Published: March 2020

Niektorí účastníci finančného trhu (najmä finanční spotrebitelia) nie sú schopní relevantne vyhodnotiť úroveň bezpečnosti hospodárenia subjektov finančného trhu - podnikateľov. Súvisí to s nízkou mierou informovanosti, resp. nepochopením podstaty sofistikovaných finančných produktov, ponúkaných finančnými inštitúciami. Za účelom zmiernenia disproporcií v úrovni informácii, ktorými disponujú klienti a finančné inštitúcie zakotvuje štát v právnych predpisoch ochranu spotrebiteľa na finančnom trhu, ktorá sa odzrkadľuje predovšetkým v diapazóne informačných povinností finančných inštitúcií voči klientom. V praxi majú k lepšiemu pochopeniu zmluvy o poskytnutí finančnej služby prispieť nielen informačné povinnosti, ale aj finančné poradenstvo. Príspevok je zameraný na úvahy a návrhy de lege ferenda vzťahujúce sa na reguláciu finančného poradenstva.
PROCEDURAL STATUS OF THE INJURED PERSON IN THE LEGAL ORDER OF THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC IN COMPARISON WITH ITS LEGAL REGULATION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC
Authors: Štrkolec Martin
Published: March 2020

The author examines the procedural position of the injured person during the entire course of criminal proceedings, with respect to both the pre-trial and trial stage. In connection with the procedural status of the injured person, the author also analyses the possibilities of the participation of the injured person or his/her representative in procedural acts performed by law enforcement authorities and courts in order to fulfil their own subject of criminal proceedings, which also involves deciding on the injured person’s compensation claim for damage caused to him as a result of the given crime. At the beginning of the article, the author presents the historical aspects of the procedural status of the injured person in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic, which form a basis for presenting a comparative perspective on the status of the injured person in the two legal systems. At the end of the article, the author formulates his own de lege ferenda proposals in the context of the Slovak Republic.
Peran Inkubator Bisnis dalam Membangun Startup pada Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Lutfiani Ninda , Rahardja Untung , Manik Ita Sari Perbina
Published: March 2020

Startups are sufficiently developed in Indonesia to become a trend in business incubators that include college or university students. This is due to the incubation concept and program offered to prospective entrepreneurs who have potential ideas in business. Thus, research was conducted to determine the role of business incubators in building startups in universities. But there are obstacles in developing startups, limited technology, leadership and management. The study was conducted at the Alphabet Incubator of Raharja University with a qualitative approach. The research method used is the method of observation and literature review by collecting data that aims to simplify the process. It can be seen how the government encourages business incubators in developing startups and introducing business through technology. The research objective is to increase innovation or creativity in developing successful new startups in higher education. Seen from students utilizing the facilities at the Alphabet Incubator to develop small businesses in the digital industry to increase workforce.Keywords: Business Incubator; Startup; Innovation or CreativityStartup cukup berkembang di Indonesia sehingga menjadi trend dalam inkubator bisnis yang mencakup mahasiswa atau mahasiswi di perguruan tinggi. Hal ini disebabkan konsep dan program inkubasi yang ditawarkan kepada calon wirausaha yang mempunyai ide potensial dalam bisnis. Sehingga penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui peran inkubator bisnis dalam membangun startup pada perguruan tinggi. Namun terdapat kendala dalam mengembangkan startup, terbatasnya teknologi, kepemimpinan dan manajemen. Penelitian dilakukan di Alphabet Incubator Universitas Raharja dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode observasi dan literature review dengan mengumpulkan data yang bertujuan untuk mempermudah proses pengerjaannya. Dapat dilihat bagaimana pemerintah mendorong inkubator bisnis dalam mengembangkan startup dan mengenalkan bisnis melalui teknologi. Tujuan penelitian untuk meningkatkan inovasi atau kreativitas dalam mengembangkan startup baru yang sukses di perguruan tinggi. Terlihat dari mahasiswa memanfaatkan fasilitas di Alphabet Incubator untuk mengembangkan usaha kecil dalam industri digital untuk peningkatan tenaga kerja.Kata Kunci: Inkubator Bisnis; Startup; Inovasi atau Kreativitas
Pengaruh Keputusan Investasi, Ukuran Perusahaan, Keputusan Pendanaan dan Kebijakan Deviden Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Sektor Pertambangan
Authors: Amaliyah Fitri , Herwiyanti Eliada
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the study was to determine whether there are effects of investment decision, company size, funding decision, and on deviden policy toward firm value. This type of research is correlational research, with quantitative research. This study uses secondary data taken from the IDX website data. The sample used in this study proved 40 companies consisting of the mining sector registered on the Stock Exchange during the period from 2015-2018. The sampling technique selected with certain criteria by using purposive sampling method. While the data analysis method used was the descriptive analysis and multiple regression analysis with an analysis tool using SPSS 22. The result of this study show that investment decision, company size, funding decision, and dividen policy are not significant to the value of the company.Keywords: Invesment Decision; Company Size; Funding Decision; Dividend Policy; Firm ValueTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh keputusan investasi, ukuran perusahaan, keputusan pendanaan dan kebijakan dividen terhadap nilai perusahaan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian korelasi, dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diambil dari website data BEI. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 40 perusahaan yang terdiri dari sektor pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2015-2018. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi linear berganda dengan alat analisis menggunakan SPSS 22. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa keputusan investasi, ukuran perusahaan, keputusan pendanaan dan kebijakan dividen tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan.Kata Kunci: Keputusan Investasi; Ukuran Perusahaan; Keputusan Pendanaan; Kebijakan Dividen; Nilai Perusahaan.
Upaya Brand Salience untuk Mendorong Terjadinya Brand Resonance
Authors: Hariyadi Guruh Taufan , Nuryanto Imam , Wijaya Michaela Pratiwi
Published: March 2020

This study aims to examine an integrated model of brand salience, perceived quality, buying decision, brand feeling, and brand resonance to the readers of Suara Merdeka Newspaper in Semarang. The sample of this study was 135 readers of Suara Merdeka Newspaper in Semarang. Exogenous and endogenous measurements have been approved using confirmatory analysis. Furthermore, it is analyzed with the Structural Equation Model to examine the causality relationship between the variables that influence and are measured by brand salience, purchasing decisions, perceived quality, brand feelings and brand resonance. Conclusions from the results of this study indicate that to increase brand resonance can be obtained through brand feelings obtained from the confidence of the purchase results due to brand excellence (Brand Salience).Keywords: : Brand Resonance; Brand Salience; Brand Feeling; buying decision; Perceived Quality 3Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji model terintegrasi brand salience, perpsepsi kualitas, keputusan pembelian, brand feeling, brand resonance kepada para pembaca Surat Kabar Suara Merdeka di Semarang. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 135 pembaca Surat Kabar Suara Merdeka di Semarang. Pengukuran eksogen dan endogen telah diuji dengan menggunakan analisis konfirmatori. Selanjutnya dianalisis dengan Structural Equation Model untuk pengujian hubungan kausalitas antar variabel-variabel yang mempengaruhi dan dipengaruhi oleh brand salience, keputusan pembelian, perceived quality, brand feeling dan brand resonance. Simpulan dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk meningkatkan Brand Resonance dapat dicapai melaui Brand Feeling yang diperoleh dari keyakinan keputusan pembelian karena kemenonjolan merek (Brand Salience).Kata Kunci: Brand Resonance; Brand Salience; Brand Feeling; Keputusan Pembelian; Perceived Quality
When Squawkies Became Talkies: The Musicians' Union, Mechanical Music and British Cinemas, 1927–33
Authors: Izod John
Published: March 2020

The technical, commercial and cultural aspects of the advent of sound in the cinemas of several nations have been widely researched in work on that epoch. This article focuses on another facet of that history, namely its impact on musicians employed in British cinemas. Much of the evidence is based on the records of the Musicians' Union and chronicles that organisation's attempts to resist the introduction of the new technology and to ameliorate its impact on its members. The musicians' side of the story is complemented by information drawn from, among other sources, The Bioscope, a trade paper that revealed the eagerness of the Cinematograph Exhibitors' Association (whose members comprised the managers and owners of British picture houses) to dismiss their orchestras as soon as practicable. The effect of this course of action was to increase the unemployment already resulting from the Great Depression in the British entertainment industries. This in turn weakened the Musicians' Union, forcing a severe contraction in its ability to support its members.
Humphrey Jennings's ‘Film Fables’: Democracy and Image in The Silent Village
Authors: Hoshino Masashi
Published: March 2020

This essay explores modernism's aesthetic and political implications through examining the works of Humphrey Jennings. The essay takes as a starting point the tension inherent to the democratic aesthetic of Mass Observation between the individual observers and the editors who write up. This tension can be effectively examined in terms of what Jacques Rancière calls ‘film fables’: the Aristotelian ‘fable’ of dramatic action and cinema's ‘fable’ of egalitarian treatment of ‘passive’ images. The essay argues that the paradox between the two ‘fables’ can be observed in Jennings's works, especially in his essays on Thomas Gray, his ‘report’ poems, and The Silent Village (1943), a dystopian propaganda film set in a Welsh village invaded by Nazis Germany. By looking at these works, the essay illustrates how the utopian longing for ‘pure art’ in modernism is related to the impossible idea of ‘democracy’.
Interwar Imaginings of Collective Cognition
Authors: Pulsifer Rebecah
Published: March 2020

Scholarship on interwar understandings of ‘collective cognition’ – experiences of intellectual union with others – tends to focus on its capacity to threaten individuality. I counter this trend by investigating prose works by H.D., Olive Moore, Rebecca West, and H.G. Wells that champion collective cognition for its capacity to compose communities. I argue that these texts point to an underexplored strand that existed in and alongside modernism in which authors turned to collective cognition to imagine radically egalitarian communities that transcend hierarchies based on history, nationality, and species. After the Second World War, the cultural meanings of collective cognition narrowed, and ‘thinking together’ came to be strongly associated with loss of freedom and loss of self. This article shows that collective cognition emitted a powerfully hopeful potential for a significant cluster of interwar authors, who used it to imagine the peaceful and abundant possibilities of collectivity.
‘Syncopated Nerves’: Jazz and the Pathology of Modern Youth in Noël Coward's 1920s Theatre
Authors: Cameron Rebecca
Published: March 2020

This paper explores the intersection of jazz culture and popular discourse on nervous disorders in Britain in the 1920s through Noël Coward's plays and revues. In the wake of the First World War, a popular view emerged that the nation was suffering from a form of collective shell-shock – that nervous disorders or ‘nerves’ had never been more rampant and the population never more vulnerable to nervous breakdown. At the same time, anxieties surfaced about American jazz culture and its influence on British youth. The result was a pathologized youth culture that became emblematic of a nation in decline. Several of Coward's early works from the 1920s – specifically, his play The Vortex (1924) and his popular revues On with the Dance (1924–25) and This Year of Grace! (1928) – participate in linking jazz culture with the nervous symptoms of an unhealthy era. However, rather than reinforcing normative judgments that cast jazz or youth culture as the cause of the nation's nervous instability, Coward uses nervous symptoms to characterize a sensitive, vulnerable younger generation that is floundering because the older generation, particularly the leisured Society set, has failed to provide a stable moral foundation at a time of national distress.
Maximum Length Report of Gonostoma denudatum Rafinesque, 1810 in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea
Authors: AYAS Deniz , AKBORA Hasan Deniz , ERGÜDEN Deniz
Published: March 2020

The present paper reports the maximum length of the rare seen deep-sea fish bristlemouth Gonostoma denudatum Rafinesque, 1810 in the Mediterranean. One specimen of G. denudatum was caught using a trawler from the deep seas of Northern Cyprus waters on June 22th 2019. The total length (TL) of the specimen was 165 mm, the standard length (SL) was 149.5 mm, and the total weight was 16.2 g. Till today, this sample shown to this species maximum length (TL), which was recorded for the Mediterranean as well as in Eastern basin waters.
Penetapan Total Flavonoid, Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Karakterisasi Nanopartikel Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelor (Moringa pterygosperma Gaertn.)
Authors: Julianawati Tinta , Hendarto Hendy , Widjiati Widjiati
Published: March 2020

Moringa pterygosperma is one of the plants in Indonesia that is often used in herbal medicine. Moringa leaves contain many phytochemical compounds, one of the compounds is flavonoids which function as antioxidants. Flavonoid compounds in vitro can inhibit lipid peroxidation by breaking the chain of peroxyl radicals. Moringa leaf benefits in the field of herbal medicine are formed with a variety of preparations. One of the preparations is in the form of extracts with the aim of attracting chemical components to natural materials The extraction process has a disadvantage because the level of solubility in water is still low. The nanoparticle technique is a strategy to increase the bioavalbicibility of herbal active compounds. This research was experimental in order to determine the total flavonoid levels contained in Moringa leaf extract. In addition, it was also to find out the antioxidant activity and particle size of the moringa leaf extract nanoparticles. Determination of flavonoid levels using spectrophotometric methods. The antioxidant activity of moringa leaf extract nanoparticles was tested using the DPPH method (2,2-diphenyl-picrylhdrazyl) and to determine the particle size used by using the Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). The results of the study showed total flavonoid levels in moringa leaf extract (1.97 ± 1.07)%. Antioxidant activity of 451.8 ppm with a reduction of 2.8% and particle size in the moringa leaf extract nanoparticles of ± 134.78 nm. Moringa leaf extract nanoparticles include low antioxidants.

Keywords: moringa; nanoparticles; antioxidants
Spatial and Temporal Stability of Weed Patches in Cereal Fields under Direct Drilling and Harrow Tillage
Authors: Izquierdo Jordi , Milne Alice E. , Recasens Jordi , Royo-Esnal Aritz , Torra Joel , Webster Richard , Baraibar Bárbara
Published: March 2020

The adoption of conservation agriculture (CA) techniques by farmers is changing the dynamics of weed communities in cereal fields and so potentially their spatial distribution. These changes can challenge the use of site-specific weed control, which is based on the accurate location of weed patches for spraying. We studied the effect of two types of CA (direct drilling and harrow-tilled to 20 cm) on weed patches in a three-year survey in four direct-drilled and three harrow-tilled commercial fields in Catalonia (North-eastern Spain). The area of the ground covered by weeds (hereafter called “weed cover”) was estimated at 96 to 122 points measured in each year in each field, in 50 cm × 50 cm quadrats placed in a 10 m × 10 m grid in spring. Bromus diandrus, Lolium rigidum, and Papaver rhoeas were the main weed species. The weed cover and degree of aggregation for all species varied both between and within fields, regardless of the kind of tillage. Under both forms of soil management all three were aggregated in elongated patterns in the direction of traffic. Bromus was generally more aggregated than Lolium, and both were more aggregated than Papaver. Patches were stable over time for only two harrow-tilled fields with Lolium and one direct-drilled field with Bromus, but not in the other fields. Spatial stability of the weeds was more pronounced in the direction of traffic. Herbicide applications, crop rotation, and traffic seem to affect weed populations strongly within fields, regardless of the soil management. We conclude that site-specific herbicides can be applied to control these species because they are aggregated, although the patches would have to be identified afresh in each season.
Response of Soil Temperature, Moisture, and Spring Maize (Zea mays L.) Root/Shoot Growth to Different Mulching Materials in Semi-Arid Areas of Northwest China
Authors: Lu Haidong , Xia Zhenqing , Fu Yafang , Wang Qi , Xue Jiquan , Chu Jie
Published: March 2020

Adaptive highly efficient mulching technologies for use on dryland agricultural ecosystems are crucial to improving crop productivity and water-use efficiency (WUE) under climate change. Little information is available on the effect of using different types of mulch on soil water thermal conditions, or on root/shoot trait, leaf area index (LAI), leaf area duration (LAD), yield, and WUE of spring maize. Hence, in this study, white transparent plastic film (WF), black plastic film (BF), and maize straw (MS) was used, and the results were compared with a non-mulched control (CK). The results showed that the mean soil temperature throughout the whole growth period of maize at the 5–15 cm depth under WF and BF was higher than under MS and CK, but under BF, it was 0.6 °C lower than WF. Compared with CK, the average soil water storage (0–200 cm) over the whole growth period of maize was significantly increased under WF, BF, and MS. WF and BF increased the soil water and temperature during the early growth stages of maize and significantly increased root/shoot biomass, root volume, LAI, LAD, and yield compared with MS. Higher soil temperatures under WF obviously reduced the duration of maize reproductive growth and accelerated root and leaf senescence, leading to small root/shoot biomass accumulation post-tasseling and to losses in yield compared with BF
Soil Macrofauna: A key Factor for Increasing Soil Fertility and Promoting Sustainable Soil Use in Fruit Orchard Agrosystems
Authors: Sofo Adriano , Mininni Alba Nicoletta , Ricciuti Patrizia
Published: March 2020

Soils and crops in orchard agrosystems are particularly vulnerable to climate change and environmental stresses. In many orchard soils, soil biodiversity and the ecosystem services it provides are under threat from a range of natural and manmade drivers. In this scenario, sustainable soil use aimed at increasing soil organic matter (SOM) and SOM-related benefits, in terms of soil quality and fertility, plays a crucial role. The role of soil macrofaunal organisms as colonizers, comminutors and engineers within soils, together with their interactions with microorganisms, can contribute to the long-term sustainability of orchard soils. Indeed, the continuous physical and chemical action of soil fauna significantly affects SOM levels. This review paper is focused on the most advanced and updated research on this argument. The analysis of the literature highlighted that a significant part of soil quality and fertility in sustainably-managed fruit orchard agrosystems is due to the action of soil macrofauna, together with its interaction with decomposing microorganisms. From the general analysis of the data obtained, it emerged that the role of soil macrofauna in orchards agrosystems should be seriously taken into account in land management strategies, focusing not exclusively on fruit yield and quality, but also on soil fertility restoration.
Maternal Antioxidant Status in Early Pregnancy and Development of Fetal Complications in Twin Pregnancies: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ramiro-Cortijo David , Calle María de la , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Pilar , Pablo Ángel L. López de , López-Giménez María R. , Aguilera Yolanda , Martín-Cabrejas María A. , González María del Carmen , Arribas Silvia M.
Published: March 2020

Twin pregnancies are increasing due to the rise in mothers’ childbearing age and have a higher risk of fetal growth restriction (FGR) and prematurity. Therefore, early prediction of these events is important. Our aim was to analyze in the first trimester of pregnancy a possible association between antioxidants, including melatonin, in maternal plasma and the development of fetal complications in twin pregnancies. A single-center, prospective, and observational study was performed in 104 twin-pregnant women. A blood sample was extracted between the 9th and the 11th week of gestation, and plasma was obtained. Antioxidants (thiols, reduced glutathione, phenolic compounds, catalase, superoxide dismutase) and oxidative damage biomarkers (carbonyl groups and malondialdehyde) were assessed by spectrophotometry, and global scores were calculated from these parameters (Antiox-S, Prooxy-S). Melatonin and cortisol were evaluated by a competitive immunoassay. In the first trimester of pregnancy, Antiox-S was significantly lower in women who developed FGR compared to those with normal fetal growth; plasma melatonin was significantly lower in women with preterm compared to those with full-term births and exhibited a positive correlation with birth weight. Maternal cortisol showed a negative correlation with birth weight. We conclude that, for twin gestations, maternal plasma antioxidant status and melatonin could be potential biomarkers to be included in algorithms to predict FGR and preterm labor.
AKR1B1-Induced Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition Mediated by RAGE-Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Cataract Lens
Authors: Wu Tsung-Tien , Chen Ying-Ying , Chang Hui-Yu , Kung Ya-Hsin , Tseng Ching-Jiunn , Cheng Pei-Wen
Published: March 2020

Purpose: Cataracts are a major cause of visual acuity deterioration in diabetes mellitus (DM) in developed and developing countries. Studies have demonstrated that overproduction of AKR1B1 and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of diabetic cataracts, but it is unclear whether the prevalence of diabetic cataracts is related to epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lens epithelial cells. This study aimed to analyze the role of EMT in cataract formation of DM patients. Methods: Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry assays were used to estimate AKR1B1, RAGE, AMPK, and EMT levels in epithelial human lens of DM or non-DM cataracts. Results: Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that pathologic phases and N-cadherin expression levels were significantly higher in epithelial human lens of DM (+) compared to DM (−) cataracts. Immunofluorescent staining showed that AKR1B1 and RAGE were significantly higher in epithelial human lens of DM (+) compared to DM (−) cataracts. Interestingly, acetyl superoxide dismutase 2 (AcSOD2) levels were significantly higher in DM patients’ lens epithelial cells (LECs), whereas AMPKT172 phosphorylation was significantly increased in non-DM patients. This indicates that AMPKT172 might be related to superoxide reduction and diabetic cataract formation. Conclusions: Our results suggest that AKR1B1 overexpression can decrease AMPK activation, thereby increasing AcSOD2 and RAGE-induced EMT in epithelial human lens of DM cataracts. These novel findings suggest that AKR inhibitors may be candidates for the pharmacological prevention of cataracts in patients with DM.
Corylin Inhibits Vascular Cell Inflammation, Proliferation and Migration and Reduces Atherosclerosis in ApoE-Deficient Mice
Authors: Chen Chin-Chuan , Li Hung-Yuan , Leu Yann-Lii , Chen Yu-Ju , Wang Chia-Jen , Wang Shu-Huei
Published: March 2020

Atherosclerosis is a complex disease that includes several events, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, lipid deposition, and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration, which result in atherosclerotic plaque formation. Corylin, a flavonoid compound, is known to exhibit antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects. However, it remains unknown whether corylin could modulate atherogenesis. Here, we identified the anti-inflammatory effect of corylin in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced vascular cells. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), corylin suppressed TNF-α-induced monocyte adhesion to the HUVECs and transmigration by downregulating the ROS/JNK/nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-κB) p65 pathway. In VSMCs, corylin inhibited TNF-α-induced monocyte adhesion by suppressing ROS production, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation and NF-κB p65 translocation. In platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-induced VSMCs, corylin inhibited PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation and migration through regulating the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/dynamin-1-like protein 1 (Drp1) signaling cascade. In addition, corylin treatment not only attenuated atherosclerotic lesions, ROS production, vascular cell adhesion protein-1 (VCAM-1) expression, monocyte adhesion and VSMC proliferation in apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-deficient mice but also inhibited neointimal hyperplasia in endothelial-denuded mice. Thus, corylin may be a potential prevention and treatment for atherosclerosis.
Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Piers Including a Flexure-Shear Interaction Model
Authors: Rasulo Alessandro , Pelle Angelo , Lavorato Davide , Fiorentino Gabriele , Nuti Camillo , Briseghella Bruno
Published: March 2020

This paper discusses the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) bridge structures, focusing on the shear–flexure interaction phenomena. The assessment of reinforced concrete bridges under seismic action needs the ability to model the effective non-linear response in order to identify the relevant failure modes of the structure. Existing RC bridges have been conceived according to old engineering practices and codes, lacking the implementation of capacity design principles, and therefore can exhibit premature shear failures with a reduction of available strength and ductility. In particular, recent studies have shown that the shear strength can decrease with the increase of flexural damage after the development of plastic hinges and, in some cases, this can cause unexpected shear failures in the plastic branch with a consequent reduction of ductility. The aim of the research is to implement those phenomena in a finite-element analysis. The proposed model consists of a flexure fiber element coupled with a shear and a rotational slip spring. The model has been implemented in the OpenSEES framework and calibrated against experimental data, showing a good ability to capture the overall response.
Temperature Fields of the Droplets and Gases Mixture
Authors: Volkov Roman S. , Voytkov Ivan S. , Strizhak Pavel A.
Published: March 2020

In this research, we obtain gas–vapor mixture temperature fields generated by blending droplets and high-temperature combustion products. Similar experiments are conducted for droplet injection into heated air flow. This kind of measurement is essential for high-temperature and high-speed processes in contact heat exchangers or in liquid treatment chambers, as well as in firefighting systems. Experiments are conducted using an optical system based on Laser-Induced Phosphorescence as well as two types of thermocouples with a similar measurement range but different response times (0.1–3 s) and accuracy (1–5 °C). In our experiments, we inject droplets into the heated air flow (first scheme) and into the flow of high-temperature combustion products (second scheme). We concentrate on the unsteady inhomogeneous temperature fields of the gas–vapor mixture produced by blending the above-mentioned flows and monitoring the lifetime of the relatively low gas temperature after droplets passes through the observation area. The scientific novelty of this research comes from the first ever comparison of the temperature measurements of a gas–vapor–droplet mixture obtained by contact and non-contact systems. The advantages and limitations of the contact and non-contact techniques are defined for the measurement of gas–vapor mixture temperature.