bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Waste Tyre Pieces as Photothermal Absorbers for Efficient Evaporation in Solar Desalination Systems
Authors: Suraparaju Subbarama Kousik , Natarajan Sendhil Kumar
Published: May 2023

Valarozition and reusing of waste materials before recycling would give sustainable outcomes and reduce the environmental effects. Among various waste materials, automobile tyres are one of the major contributors to environmental pollution while burning as they contain rubber. Hence, worn automobile tyres are procured and made into small pieces before burning to investigate the photothermal absorption in solar thermal applications. In the available solar thermal applications, solar still is the cheap and uncomplicated desalination approach that can be accessible by everyone. However, clean water production is very low in conventional solar still. Therefore, the key intention of this investigation is to improve pure drinking water generation by floating black tyre pieces in the absorber basin of solar still, which has better heat absorption characteristics. The outcomes reported that the clean water production in solar still with tyre pieces (SS-Tyre) is enhanced by 18% more than that of conventional solar still (CSS). The clean water production from SS-Tyre is about 2.7 l/sq.mt, Whereas the distillate output of CSS, is about 2.3 l/sq.mt on two consecutive testing days. In addition to productivity, the cost assessment reported that the cost per litre (CPL) and Payback Time (PT) of SS-Tyre are 19.2% and 20.1% lesser than CSS. Also, the environmental impact assessment of CSS and SS-Tyre reported that the SS-Tyre has 19% more net carbon credit than CSS.
Global screening and genetic engineering of Tistrella enable sustainable production of didemnin drugs
Authors: Tang Xiaoyu , Zhang Haili , Hui Zhen , Cai Mingwei , Zou Xiaolin , Huang Shipeng , Shi Wenguang , Liang Mengdi , Lin Yang , Shen Jie , Sui Minghao , Li Xuyang , Lai Qiliang , Dou Jie , Ge Yun , Zheng Min , Shao Zongze , Luo Xiaozhou
Published: May 2023

The Tistrella genus can produce the cyclic depsipeptide didemnin B, but the biosynthetic origin of its analogue, plitidepsin, remains unknown. Plitidepsin is an approved anticancer drug and an anti-COVID-19 agent in phase III clinical trials. Here, we employed a novel approach that combined microbial and chemical synthesis to produce plitidepsin. We first investigated the global distribution of Tistrella, which inspired us to retrieve and screen a library of Tistrella. Using a genetic approach and heterologous expression, we, for the first time, experimentally confirmed the biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) for didemnins. After duplication of the BGC, we obtained a yield of didemnin B reached to 70 mg/L in the engineered strain. We then developed two chemical strategies to convert didemnin B to plitidepsin, one of which resulted in over 90% overall yield in a one-step synthetic route. Additionally, we synthesized two new didemnin analogues and assessed their anticancer and antiviral activities. Our study provides a practical and sustainable solution for producing plitidepsin and its derivatives, which may expedite didemnin drug development.
Ebelin lactone as the most promising neuroprotective compound from Bacopa monnieri extract targeting microtubule affinity regulation kinase-4 involved in Alzheimer’s disease: A Computational Study
Authors: Ahmad Faizan , Abiha Umme , Ahmad S Rehan , Patel Nandan
Published: May 2023

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder in which amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau tangles are vital in causing neurodegeneration. Only five FDA-approved drugs are available in the market which manages the symptoms. In this study, 52 novel phytochemicals were selected from the medicinal plant Bacopa monnieri, a medicinal plant with neuroprotective compounds.Objective The main aim of this study is to find the most promising compound inhibiting microtubule affinity regulation kinase 4 (MARK 4), which is involved in AD.Methods First, an ADMET analysis was conducted, and the selected compounds were molecularly docked against the MARK4-associated protein (5ES1). Based on the top five binding affinities, a molecular dynamics simulation was performed.Results Cucurbitacin E, oroxindin, ebelin lactone, cucurbitacin B, and bacosine showed binding affinity of more than − 10.0 kcal/mol, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of these molecules in complex with MARK4 was performed. Subsequent trajectory analysis for structural changes and end-state MMGBSA binding energy were performed for Cucurbitacin E, oroxindin, ebelin lactone, cucurbitacin B and bacosine. The MD simulation and MMGBSA calculations showed stable interactions between the screened molecules and MARK4.Conclusion This computational study predicted ebelin lactone to be the most promising compound from Bacopa monnieri that can be further developed as a drug to treat AD after pre-clinical and clinical studies.
LAMC2 promotes EGFR cell membrane localization and acts as a novel biomarker for tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) sensitivity in lung cancer
Authors: Huang Chen , Tong Dongdong , Wang Xiaofei , Liu Liying , Wen Ting , Chen QiaoYi
Published: May 2023

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one of the first and most prominent driver genes known to promote malignant lung cancer. Investigating regulatory mechanisms beyond ligand-receptor binding, phosphorylation, and receptor kinase activation as means of EGFR signaling activation is important for improving EGFR-targeted therapy. Here, we report that Laminin-5γ-2 (LAMC2) retained high oncogenic capacity in lung cancer, silencing LAMC2 inhibited EGFR-induced cell proliferation and tumor growth in vivo. Deletion mutation experiments showed that both the EGF-Lam and LamB regions of LAMC2 are necessary for EGFR receptor binding, and that LAMC2 and EGFR were found to co-localize at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. In addition, LAMC2 overexpression enhanced EGFR membrane deposition and promoted EGFR transport from the ER. Moreover, LAMC2 was necessary for preventing EGFR protein degradation via ubiquitination. Lastly, our study showed that high LAMC2 expression is positively associated with response to Gefitinib (EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor) treatment. Overall, our study revealed a new regulatory mechanism of LAMC2 in promoting EGFR protein expression and stability by facilitating ER transport and preventing protein degradation via ubiquitination. Moreover, LAMC2 may serve as a stratifying biomarker for patients suitable for EGFR-TKI treatment.
Dementia and cognitive impairment in French-speaking Sub-Saharan Africa: a comprehensive review on moving out of the shadows of neglect
Authors: Nkouonlack Cyrille D. , Njamnshi Wepnyu Y. , Angwafor Samuel A. , Fodjo Joseph N. Siewe , Mengnjo Michel K. , Ngarka Leonard , Mbede Maggy , Nfor Leonard N. , Abomate Carlson , Nganchfu Kevin , Ahidjo Nene , Atchou Jonas G. Basseguin , Mendo Edwige L. , Esene Ignatius , Mbong Eta N. , Bila Eric G. , Nchufor Roland N. , Vechio Lorella , Mouofor Edmond N. , Belinga Luc N. , Fonsah Julius Y. , Nsoh Edith N. , Dema Fidele , Chokote Eric S. , Tabah Earnest N. , Kenmogne Caroline , Wadop Yannick N. , Kiatoko Nono Ponte , Sakadi Fouksona , Epenge Emmanuel , Djibo Fatimata H. , Dardar Ibrahim , Kapto Olivier , Tatah Godwin Y. , Ongolo-Zogo Pierre , Nsagha Dickson S. , Houesso Mendinatou A. , Diallo Seybou H. , Diarra Evelyne , Ayele Biniyam A. , Mpandzou GA. , Sounga Eliot , Ossou-Nguiet Paul M. , Maiga Yousoufa , Napon Christian , Mbelesso Pascal , Guerchet Maelenn , Toure Kamadore , Koume-Assouan Ange-Eric , Tehindrazanarivelo Alain D. , Kouna Philomene , Tchoua Roman , Houinatou Disman , Millogo Athanase , Kissani Najib , Luabeya Mesua K. , Balugou Agnon A.K. , Nditei David , Beugre Kouassi , Richetin Kevin , Vulliemoz Serge , Perrig Stephen , Chabwine Joelle N. , Sztajzel Roman , Etya'ale Daniel , Annoni Jean Marie , Etet Paul F. Seke , Ihunwo Amadi O. , Leke Rose G.F. , Ondoa Marie Therese Obama , Cavazos Jose E. , Maestre Gladys , Seshadri Sudha , Fongang Bernard , Njamnshi Alfred K.
Published: May 2023

Dementia is a global public health problem with increasing prevalence and incidence worldwide. The African continent is expected to bear the biggest brunt of the burden of dementia by 2050 because of the rapid demographic changes, including rapid population growth, an increase in life expectancy, and ageing. However, French-speaking Sub-Saharan African (FS-SSA) countries are underrepresented in research on dementia in Africa. While the reasons are diverse and complex, linguistic and cultural barriers to research, disproportionately affect these countries and may be significant factors. Any efforts, therefore, to redress the burden of dementia in Africa must consider the specific demographic, cultural, and linguistic characteristics of FS-SSA countries. This scoping review explores the current state of knowledge in dementia and cognitive impairment in Sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting research gaps and specific patterns unique to FS-SSA Africa. We identify pathways for research to bridge the knowledge gaps on dementia in FS-SSA as part of the global endeavor to tackle dementia worldwide.
3D Printing rGO/PCL/Mel Bionic Conduit for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration
Authors: Zhang Qiangqiang , Zhang Jingxiang , Liu Zhongyang , Wang Jing , Zhang Yang , Dong Jiaqi , Gao Jianpeng , Zhang Licheng , Tang Peifu , Wang Jizeng
Published: May 2023

The inevitable secondary victimization of patients during the grafting of autogenous nerve necessitates the urgent development of bioactive conduits for the precise repair of peripheral nerve (PN) defects. However, the limited selection of appropriate components and inferior structural designs of many porous scaffolds have hindered satisfactory PN regeneration. In this study, we created a 3D hollow conduit of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with a hierarchically ordered microstructure through a coaxial printing methodology that enabled a physicochemically cooperative construction process at multiscale. We deposited a mixture of polycaprolactone (PCL) and melatonin (Mel) as the biologically enhancing constitution conformably over the 3D rGO templated conduit. Attributing to its elaborately designed hierarchical structure and arched alignment of 2D micro sheets, the 3D rGO/PCL/Mel hybrid bio-conduit has demonstrated remarkable structural robustness in maintaining ordered pathways and high porosity (98.5 ± 0.24%), which facilitated nerve growth in a complex survival environment in vivo. Furthermore, the excellent combination of properties such as electrical conductivity, biocompatibility, and mechanical properties (with an elastic modulus ranging from 7.06 ± 0.81 MPa to 26.58 ± 4.99 MPa), has led to highly efficient regeneration of well-ordered PN tissue. Systematic evaluations of nerve regeneration and muscle function recovery in an SD rat model with a long nerve defect (> 15 mm) have validated the virtually identical performance of the 3D rGO/PCL/Mel conduit compared to the autogenous nerve graft group. This study confirms a promising approach to clinical PN repair of long defects through the combined regulation of rational structure design on multiscale and indispensable chemical modification of rGO-based functional nerve regeneration conduits.
A comparison of regression models for the ice loads measured during the ice tank test
Authors:   Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Korea South, Lee Seung Jae , Jung Kwang Hyo , Ku Namkug , Lee Jaeyong
Published: May 2023

To evaluate the time-domain positioning performance of arctic marine structures, it is necessary to generate an ice load appropriate for the current position and heading of the structure. The position and orientation angle of a floating body continuously change with time. Therefore, an ice load is required for any attitude in the time-domain simulation. In this study, we present a fundamental technique for analyzing ice loads in the frequency domain based on data measured at various angles in the ice-water tank experiment. We perform spectral analysis instead of general FFT to analyze the ice load, which has the characteristics of a random signal. To generate the necessary ice load in the time domain, we must first interpolate the measured data in the frequency domain. Using the Blackman-Tukey method, we estimate the spectrum for the measured data, then process the data to generate the training set required for machine learning. Based on the results, we perform regression analysis by applying four representative techniques, including linear regression, random forest, or neural network, and compare the results with MSE. The deep neural network method performed best, but we provide further discussion for each model.
Complications from the formation of preventive stomas in the surgical treatment of rectal cancer
Authors: Aliev I. I. , Smirnov A. A. , Pavlov R. V. , Komyak K. N. , Ivlev D. A. , Domanskiy N. A. , Sharygin G. A. , Nazmiev A. I.
Published: May 2023

Background. Anastomotic leakage is one of the most severe complications of colorectal cancer surgery. The formation of a preventive stoma can avoid the consequences of this complication. Given the increase in the rate of sphincter-preserving surgeries, the number of surgeries with the formation of preventive stoma has also increased significantly. There are several techniques and each of them has its advantages and disadvantages.

The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of surgical treatment and techniques of preventive stoma formation.

Material and Methods. The retrospective study included 353 patients with stage II–IV rectal cancer who underwent surgery with the formation of preventive stoma (110 with ileostomy formation, 243 with transversostomy) from 2016 to 2020. Both intraoperative parameters (operation time, blood loss, intraoperative complications) and postoperative parameters (postoperative bed-day, complications) were evaluated. Immediate complications within 30 days after surgery using the Clavien–Dindo complication scale and infectious complications mainly related to the stoma formation (prolapse, stoma retraction, presence of peristomal dermatitis, reoperation) were assessed.

Conclusion. The choice in the formation of a preventive ileo- or transversostomy during rectal resection has no effect on the frequency of anastomosis failure; however, there is a tendency that patients with colostomy spend fewer bed days in a hospital. Stoma-related complications in the postoperative period are mild and can be treated conservatively in the vast majority of cases. In compliance with the standardized surgical procedures and the protocol of perioperative management of patients, the number of severe complications is minimal. It is necessary to evaluate the second step of management of patients with preventive stomas – their elimination.
Expression of LAG-3 on B-lymphocytes as a marker for prediction of response to therapy in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Selyutina O. N. , Lysenko I. B. , Guskova N. K. , Novikova I. A. , Zlatnik E. Yu. , Pushkareva T. F. , Nikolaeva N. V. , Kamaeva I. A. , Samaneva N. Yu. , Kapuza E. A.
Published: May 2023

Purpose: to study the level of LAG-3 expression on B-lymphocytes and the feasibility of using it as a marker for predicting response to therapy in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).

Material and Methods. The study included 40 patients with newly diagnosed CLL. All patients were divided into two groups: group I: patients with Binet stage A, who did not receive therapy and group II: patients with Binet stage C, who received immunochemotherapy in RB and FCR regimes. According to the treatment regimen and hematological response to therapy, 4 subgroups were distinguished: IIA-RB, IIA-FCR, IIB-RB, and IIB-FCR. The control group consisted of 20 people matched in age and gender without cancer. The immunophenotype, level of B-lymphocytes, LAG-3 expression, and the minimal residual disease in group II after the 6th course of immunochemotherapy were initially determined in all groups by flow cytometry. The data were evaluated using Statistica 13.0.

Results. Compared to the control group, the LAG-3 expression on B-lymphocytes was found in all groups of CLL patients before treatment. The expression level was higher in patients with Binet stage C than in patients with Binet stage. The data demonstrated differences in the level of LAG-3 expression in patients with different hematological responses to therapy. The initially higher level of LAG-3 expression on B-lymphocytes was observed in patients with Binet stage C CLL with an unfavorable response to therapy. A good hematological response was found can be achieved at the level of LAG-3 expression within 14.57 ± 0.66 % regardless of the therapy regimen, and unfavorable response to therapy at the level of 41.95 ± 1.62 %.

Conclusion. The initial level of LAG-3 expression on B-lymphocytes in patients with CLL can be used as a marker for predicting and monitoring response to treatment, regardless of the immunochemotherapy regimen used.
Knockout of the histone methyltransferase NSD1 leads to a decrease in cell proliferation and an increase in sensitivity to cisplatin in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Topchu I. A. , Tikhomirova M. V. , Bulatov E. R. , Abramova Z. I. , Boumber Y. A.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. The histone methylation regulates gene expression and plays a role in genomic stability participating in DNA repair. Dimethylation of histone 3 lysine 36 (H3K36me2) is an important histone modification which is responsible for gene expression activation. H3K36me2 is a product of methyltransferase activity of NSD1, NSD2, NSD3, and ASH1L proteins. NSD1 mutations are known to often occur in head and neck squamous carcinoma. The presence of NSD1 mutations highly correlates with increased survival, especially for patients with laryngeal cancer. The aim of this study was an in vitro investigation of the role of NSD1 in the cell proliferation of laryngeal squamous cell cancer and non-small lung cancer cells, as well as a study of the effect of disruption of the NSD1 gene expression on cisplatin treatment response.

Material and Methods. Using TCGA, correlation analysis was performed to compare NSD1 wild type and mutant patient survival. NSD1 knockout cell lines models of laryngeal and non-small cell lung cancer were developed using the CRISPR/ Cas9 system. The effect of NSD1 knockout on H3K36me2 level was evaluated by western blot. Proliferation and IC50 of cisplatin in control and knockout cells were studied as well.

Results. It was demonstrated that NSD1 knockout decreased the H3K36me2 level and cell proliferation in laryngeal squamous cell cancer cells and increased the sensitivity of head and neck cancer cells to cisplatin treatment, while there was no effect of NSD1 knockout in a non-small cell lung cancer cell line.

Conclusion. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that the NSD1 protein is a potential target for inhibitor development following in vitro and in vivo testing in head-neck squamous cell carcinoma models. More studies are needed for better understanding of the regulation of tumor cell growth by NSD1.
Entrevista Censo 2022 - AGSN e Entorno
Authors: Novaes Maikon Roberth de , Cervi Jaison Luis , Borsani Filipe Eduardo Piero de Oliveira , Cardoso Laura Cristina Daltro , Fernandes Iury Cesar Coutinho
Published: May 2023

Entrevista feita com o GPET - gerência de Pesquisas e Classificações Territoriais da Coordenação de Geografia do IBGE.
Geodiversidade e Geoturismo como estratégias de análise ambiental e gestão do território: aplicações no estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Botelho Rosangela G. M. , Rodrigues Pedro V. , Negreiros Bruno B.
Published: May 2023

Os debates na área ambiental, historicamente voltados à conservação da biodiversidade, têm se dirigido, nas últimas décadas, para a conservação dos aspectos abióticos da natureza: a geodiversidade. Nesse contexto, surgem a geoconservação, área das Geociências ocupada com a proteção da geodiversidade, e o geoturismo, modelo de turismo pautado na visitação de áreas cujos atrativos estão relacionados à geodiversidade. Algumas iniciativas de geoturismo envolvem caminhos existentes no território como eixos condutores dessa atividade. Este artigo objetiva apresentar dois estudos que aplicaram esses preceitos – uma proposta de georroteiro para um caminho histórico e uma avalição de geotrilha – como ferramentas para potencializar o uso do território por meio da promoção da geodiversidade, gerando subsídios para a gestão e o desenvolvimento local sustentável.
Vector variability of readers’ reactions in comments to news articles in online media
Authors:   Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen, Ivanova Irina N.
Published: May 2023

The article discusses readers’ comments to online news articles in terms of their orientation and specifics. On the one hand, readers’ comments could be directed at the source article, its content or form, and the personality of the politicians mentioned in the text. Another vector of communication arises between readers who react to previous readers’ comments, which might lead to multi-vector dialogues and even conflicts between participants in online communication. In addition, a new communication channel is openned when the original text becomes a trigger for presenting commenter’s own positions which is not related to the main topic of the publication. Data excerpted from four popular Bulgarian online media were processed by means of content analysis. Seventeen different types of readers’ comments were identified and discussed in terms of their direction, frequency of occurrence and potential for provoking further comments and sustaining discussion among readers. Analysis showed that there is no single classification of readers’ reactions, and their direction depends on a number of factors, such as the topic of message, its relevance, commenter’s attitude to the topic, the number, quality and direction of previous comments, and thereader’s emotional involvement. Most numerous are comments on article topic, followed by reactions to previous readers’ opinions. Significantly fewer are negative reactions to people’s mentality and other commentators’ opinions, and to the article quality. Comments on images accompanying the text, on individual polititians, politics in general, journalists, moderators, and topics not directly related to the article, have smaller or zero generating potential.
Media text as a source for studying new word-formation and lexical semantic changes in modern Serbian
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Dragicevic Rajna
Published: May 2023

Under the influence of globalization in media texts in Serbian language, as well as in all other Slavic languages, many new words, originating from the English language, have appeared. Those words, hybrids, began to fill the dictionaries of neologisms of all Slavic languages, including Serbian dictionaries. They represent a combination of an English stem and a Slavic affix, or vice versa. However, today the creativity goes even further, and more and more Serbian words that appear in media texts are combining affixes that they never had before. Thus, those words are given new grammatical and pragmatic functions. Many of these new words will never move from the sphere of occasionalisms to the sphere of neologisms, i. e. they will never be more widely used. On the one hand, the authors of media texts (first of all, columnists) nowadays take the liberty to cross the boundaries of the word formation and the use of lexemes, in the way that only writers, especially poets could do so far. This paper lists and describes word formation and grammatical innovations associated with the onomatopoeic adverbs, word formation and grammatical innovations with verbs, word formation and semantic innovations associated with diminutive forms, and noun innovations with a zero suffix. It is important to understand that these creative processes the journalist starts with Serbian language and ends with Serbian language, which contains in itself a hidden influence of (anglo-) globalization onto Serbian language. It may also represent a psycholinguistic impact of globalization on the linguistic behavior of Serbian speakers. The same process occurs in other Slavic languages, and the special attention should be given to that, since we are talking about language changes caused by a borrowed model of behavior and thinking.
Russian participle and its functional homonyms in the texts of modern Russian mass media about science and technology
Authors:   Moscow State University, Zhou Haiyan
Published: May 2023

In modern Russian media, Russian participles and participial adjectives, nouns and pronouns, which are functional homonyms (similar-sounding etymologically related words), are widely used. In the present paper, based on 3,462 examples selected from the National Corpus of the Russian language, we analyze the prerequisites and the specifics of the transition of participles to other parts of speech, and show the differences between participles and their functional homonyms. The main prerequisite for adjectivation, substantiation and pronominalization of the participle is the attribute of the adjective contained in it, while the semantics of the participle, its position in the sentence and context play an important role. The transition of the participle to other parts of speech is of a gradual nature. Syncretic grammatical character, semantic compression and variability of syntactic functions make the participle one of the priority means of expressing such characteristic features of scientific texts as accuracy, consistency, conciseness and informativeness. In scientific texts, participles and their functional homonyms have different functions: substantive participles mainly perform a nominative function, adjectivated participles — a characterizing function, and pronominalized participles — deictic and other text-forming functions. Studying Russian participles is very difficult for Chinese students due to the fact that Chinese, unlike Russian, is the language of the analytical system, there is no form of participle in it. The division into parts of speech in Chinese is a special problem, since there are no specific morphological indicators in Chinese that characterize each part of speech. The results of the study can be useful when considering complex grammatical issues of the Russian language in the Chinese audience.
The modern literary prose in professional media criticism: Pragmastilistic analysis
Authors:   Vyatka State University, Kolesnikova Olga I.
Published: May 2023

The article is devoted to the identification and pragmastilistic characterization of the means of evaluating the interpretation of works of modern fiction by the authors of reviews and articles presented in the media content of the electronic literary magazine “Literratura” under the heading “Criticism” over the past three years. The purpose of the study is to analyze the evaluative judgments of critics based on a pragmaesthetic approach to discourse, i. e. taking into account the pragmatic attitude of the addressee of speech. Under the influence of the chosen role of the subject of critical discourse (“analyst” or “reader”), it can be dominated either by style standards objectified in line with the canonical genre of the review, or by subjective-evaluative ways of conceptualizing the reviewed work. It is established that modern professional media criticism is distinguished by intellectualized forms of evaluation, which manifest themselves in intertextuality, sensual metaphors and periphrases. In this case, the transfer of the critic’s attitude to the reviewed work is mainly implicit. The fact of the influence of “new Russian prose” on the style of the reviewer’s narration, which often imitates the author’s manner of creating a “second reality” and has pragmaesthetic effect, is revealed. The important feature of critical discourse, which brings it closer to blogistics in the case of choosing the position of the “reader”, is the transfer of the reader’s reflection of the subject of evaluation, acting in egocentric plane and not hiding subjectivism. At the level of verbal representation of the assessment, we can talk about the interaction of scientific, literary, artistic and colloquial discourses, about decrease in the stylistic register during irony, as well as due to professional jargonisms and colloquial forms that increase the degree of emotionality of critical media discourse.
Approximation of aeration efficiency at sharp-crested weirs using metaheuristic regression approaches
Authors: Jaiswal Akash , Goel Arun , Sihag Parveen
Published: May 2023

This paper explores the ability of multivariate adaptive regression splines, decision trees, Gaussian processes, and multiple non-linear regression equation approaches to predict the aeration efficiency at various weirs and discusses their results. In total, 126 experimental observations were collected in the laboratory, of which 88 were arbitrarily selected for model training, and the rest were used for model validation. Various graphical presentations and goodness-of-fit parameters were used to assess the performance of the models. Performance evaluation results, Whisker plot, and Taylor's diagram indicated that the GP_rbf-based model was superior to other implemented models in predicting the aeration efficiency of weirs with CC (0.9961 and 0.9973), MAE (0.0079 and 0.0195), RMSE (0.0122 and 0.0251), scattering index (0.0594 and 0.1238), and Nash Sutcliffe model efficiency (0.9923 and 0.9564) values in the training and validating stages, respectively. The predicted values by GP_rbf lie within the ±30% error line in the training and validating stages, with most of it lying at/close to the line of agreement. The random forest model had better predictability than other decision tree models implied. The sensitivity analysis of parameters suggests shape factor and drop height as major influencing factors in predicting the aeration efficiency.
Electrocoagulation process for the decolorization of wastewater containing Reactive Red 195 and CFD simulation of the hydrodynamic in a continuous-flow single-channel reactor
Authors: Lamhar Raowia , Kambuyi Toussaint Ntambwe , Zmirli Zakia , Aguelmous Anas , Bejjany Bouchra , Digua Khalid , Dani Adil
Published: May 2023

The highly colored textile effluents require efficient treatment before being released into the environment. In this study, a continuous-flow single-channel reactor operating in closed- circuit was used to apply electrocoagulation for the treatment of synthetic textile wastewater. First, the characterization of the hydrodynamic within the reactor is evaluated by Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation using the k-ε turbulence model (Comsol Multiphysics®). Apart from a non-uniform distribution of the velocities inside the reactor, no particular anomaly was observed. Second, the decolorization efficiency was examined under various current intensities, electrolysis times, and initial dye concentrations. By operating under a current intensity of 100 mA instead of 50 mA, the required electrolysis time to achieve a decolorization efficiency of 80% decreased by 40%, while the specific electrode consumption remained slightly unchanged at about 0.19 kg Al·kg−1. At a current intensity of 100 mA and an electrolysis time of 26 min, and the increase in the initial dye concentration from 10 to 50 mg·L−1 the decolorization efficiency decreased remarkably while the specific electrode consumption was kept constant at about 0.15 kg Al·kg−1 dye removed. The knowledge obtained through this study can be used for the transposition from batch to continuous mode.
Boron bio-mining by high boron-tolerant native microalgae in Turkey and boron toxicity in the aquatic environment
Authors: Taştan Burcu Ertit , Bakir Bahtiyar , Dönmez Gönül
Published: May 2023

Boron (B) is one of the most important trace elements. Turkey has the largest B reserves in the world with 3 billion tons of B. Therefore, the toxicity of B is more important in Turkey. In this study, effective B removal was provided by different types of microalgae and then B recovery in culture media by bio-mining was detected. The water of Lake Mogan in Gölbaşı/Ankara/Turkey was used as the microalgae culture medium as a cost-reducing factor. The effects of light, temperature, NaNO3 and K2HPO4 stresses on B removal were determined. The highest B removal was 17.19% at 25 μmol/m2s light intensity and 25 °C for Phormidium animale in Lake Mogan culture medium. Boron removal of Scenedesmus sp. was 36.42% at 25 μmol/m2s light intensity, at 25 °C, at 1.5 g/L NaNO3 and 40 mg/L K2HPO4 concentrations in BG11 medium on the 15th day. The chl (a + b) concentration of Scenedesmus sp. was 1.63 μg/mL at 75 μmol/m2s light intensity and the chl (a) concentration of P. animale was 2.01 μg/mL at 25 μmol/m2s light intensity. Considering all parameters, Scenedesmus sp. and P. animale are recommended as effective biomaterials for the B removal process.
teoria histórico-cultural e a educação de pessoas com deficiência intelectual
Authors: Noronha Adriela Maria , Silva Sanide Carvalho  Rutz da , Shimazaki Elsa Midori
Published: May 2023

Esta discussão teórica objetiva apresentar conceitos basilares relacionados aos fundamentos da defectologia propostos pela teoria Histórico-Cultural. Está pautada no questionamento: Quais conceitos discutidos pela teoria Histórico-Cultural fundamentam a educação de pessoas com deficiência intelectual no contexto da escola inclusiva? Os dados empíricos foram produzidos a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e o do uso da ferramenta Voyant tools. Os conceitos basilares foram analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2011). Como resultados, discutimos os principais conceitos que fundamentam atualmente a educação inclusiva: aprendizagem e desenvolvimento de crianças com deficiência intelectual, interação social, compensação, desenvolvimento cultural, processos, funções e capacidades mentais. Indicamos ainda esses conceitos como aportes para pesquisas no âmbito da educação inclusiva e a relevância de recorrer a teoria Histórico-Cultural pela defesa da não segregação e isolamento educacional e social de pessoas com deficiência.
teoria à prática textual no ensino médio
Authors: Lemos Glícia Juliana Leandro , Gomes Suzana dos Santos
Published: May 2023

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que investigou a concepção de texto e produção textual no Ensino Médio. O estudo identificou limitações e potencialidades na escrita dos alunos por meio da observação em sala de aula, entrevistas, análises de produções textuais e outras abordagens metodológicas. A pesquisa utilizou uma metodologia qualitativa que envolveu pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de campo. Os resultados revelaram que as práticas pedagógicas nas aulas de produção textual ainda reproduzem um ambiente de ensino-aprendizagem com condições de produção artificiais e descontextualizadas, típicas da atividade de redação escolar.
Expression and Prognostic Role of PANK1 in Glioma
Authors: Zhao Zhiming , Xu Xu , Ma Shijing , Li Li
Published: May 2023

Background:

Malignant gliomas are the most common type of primary malignant brain
tumors. Pantothenate kinase 1 (PANK1) mRNA is highly expressed in several metabolic processes,
implying that PANK1 plays a potential role in metabolic programming in cancers. However, the
role of PANK1 in glioma has not been fully explored.

Methods:

Public datasets (The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas
(CGGA), Gravendeel and Rembrandt) and validation cohort were used to explore the expression of
PANK1 in glioma tissues. Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to explore the relationship
between PANK1 and prognosis in glioma. Cell proliferation and invasion were determined
using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) and transwell invasion in vitro assays.

Results:

Analysis using the four public datasets and the validation cohort showed that PANK1 expression
was significantly downregulated in glioma tissues compared with non-tumor tissues
(P<0.01). PANK1 expression was negatively correlated with World Health Organization (WHO)
grade, 1p/19q non-codeletion and isocitric dehydrogenase 1/2 (IDH1/2) wildtype. Furthermore,
high expression of PANK1 was correlated with significantly better prognosis of glioma patients
compared to patients with low expression of PANK1 (all P<0.01 in the four datasets). Besides,
both lower-grade glioma (LGG) and glioblastoma multiform (GBM) patients with high expression
of PANK1 had a significantly better prognosis than those with low expression of PANK1 in
TCGA, Gravendeel and Rembrandt datasets (all P <0.01). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed
that low PANK1 expression was an independent risk factor associated with a worse prognosis
of glioma patients. Moreover, overexpression of PANK1 significantly inhibited the proliferation
and invasion of U87 and U251 cells.

Conclusion:

PANK1 expression is downregulated in glioma tissues and is a novel prognostic
biomarker in glioma patients
Mechanisms of Er Chen Tang on Treating Asthma Explored by Network
Pharmacology and Experimental Verification
Authors: Ren Yuzhe , Zhang Haijing , Yu Zhou , Yang Xiangzheng , Jiang Deyou
Published: May 2023

Objective:

The aim of this study is to explore the active ingredients of ECT and their
targets for asthma and investigate the potential mechanism of ECT on asthma.

Methods:

Firstly, the active ingredients and target of ECT were screened for BATMAN and
TCMSP, and functional analysis was done via DAVID. Then, the animal model was induced by
ovalbumin (OVA) and aluminum hydroxide. Eosinophil (EOS) counts, EOS active substance Eosinophilic
cationic protein (ECP) and eotaxin levels were detected following the instruction. Pathological
changes in lung tissue were examined by H&E staining and transmission electron microscopy.
Interleukin (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, TNF-α), TIgE and IgE levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
(BALF) were measured by ELISA. Finally, the protein expression of the TGF-β / STAT3 pathway
to lung tissue was detected by Western Blot.

Results:

A total of 450 compounds and 526 target genes were retrieved in Er Chen Tang. Functional
analysis indicated that its treatment of asthma was associated with inflammatory factors and
fibrosis. In the animal experiment, the results showed that ECT significantly regulated inflammatory
cytokine (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, TNF-α) levels in (P<0.05, P<0.01, reduced EOS number (P<0.05)
and also ECP and Eotaxin levels in the blood (P<0.05) in BALF and/or plasma. Bronchial tissue
injury was obviously improved on ECT treatment. Associated proteins in TGF-β / STAT3 pathway
were significantly regulated by ECT (P<0.05).

Conclusion:

This study originally provided evidence that the Er Chen Tang was effective in the
treatment of asthma symptoms, and its underlying mechanism might be the regulation of inflammatory
factor secretion and the TGF-β/STAT3 signaling pathway.
The cGAS-STING Pathway: A Ubiquitous Checkpoint Perturbing Myocardial
Attributes
Authors: Wan Xueqi , Tian Jinfan , Hao Peng , Zhang Jing , Zhou Yuquan , Ge Changjiang , Song Xiantao
Published: May 2023

As an innate immune route of defense against microbial infringement, cyclic guanosine
monophosphate (GMP)–adenosine monophosphate (AMP) synthase (cGAS)- stimulator of interferon
genes (STING) signaling does not simply participate in amplifying inflammatory responses via releasing
type-I interferon (IFN) or enhance the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, but also interplays
with multifarious pathophysiological activities, such as autophagy, apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis,
and senescence in a broad repertoire of cells like endothelial cells, macrophages and cardiomyocyte.
Thus, the cGAS-STING pathway is closely linked with aberrant heart morphologically and functionally
via these mechanisms. The past few decades have witnessed an increased interest in the exact relationship
between the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway and the initiation or development of certain
cardiovascular diseases (CVD). A group of scholars has gradually investigated the perturbation of myocardium
affected by the overactivation or suppression of the cGAS-STING. This review focuses on how
the cGAS-STING pathway interweaves with other pathways and creates a pattern of dysfunction associated
with cardiac muscle. This sets treatments targeting the cGAS-STING pathway apart from traditional
therapeutics for cardiomyopathy and achieves better clinical value.
Promoting Oncolytic Vector Replication with Switches that Detect Ubiquitous
Mutations
Authors: Renteln Michael A.
Published: May 2023

Most existing cancer therapies negatively affect normal tissue as well as cancerous tissue.
A potentially effective strategy for treating cancer that precludes off-target damage and could be an
option for most patients would involve targeting one or more mutations that are ubiquitous in the
given patient’s tumor(s). To effect this strategy, one would employ multi-region sequencing of a patient’s primary tumor and metastases to seek out mutations that are shared between all or at least
most regions. Once the target or targets are known, one would ideally rapidly generate a molecular
switch for at least one of said ubiquitous mutations that can distinguish the mutated DNA, RNA, or
protein from the wild-type version and subsequently trigger a therapeutic response. I propose that
the therapeutic response involve the replication of an oncolytic virus or intracellular bacterium, as
any mutation can theoretically be detected by a vector that enters the cell - and automatic propagation could be very helpful. Moreover, the mutation “signal” can be easily enhanced through transcriptional and translational (if the target is an intracellular protein) enhancement. Importantly, RNA
may make the best target for the molecular switches in terms of amplification of the signal and ease
of targeting.
Current Expansion of Silver and Gold Nanomaterials towards Cancer
Theranostics: Development of Therapeutics
Authors: Gupta Pawan , Mishra Kritigya , Mittal Amit Kumar , Handa Neha , Paul Manash K.
Published: May 2023

Nanomaterial-based therapeutics is an emerging tool for the treatment of numerous
types of cancer. Various types of polymeric, lipid and inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) result in a
wider series of applications in cancer diagnosis and therapeutics. The NPs properties are due to
high surface area to volume ratio, surface plasmon resonance, absorption in the visible spectrum
and light scattering. These unique characteristics of NPs arise due to their optical surface properties
for conjugation/surface modification and smaller size. In cancer therapeutics, NPs based
products are used as a biomarker for early detection/diagnosis of tumours, drug nano-conjugates
for the delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to the tumour-specific site, chemo-protective agents,
etc.

:

Furthermore, other advantages of NPs are biocompatibility, lesser toxicity, enhanced permeability
and retention effect, higher stability, and specific targeting with a selective accumulation of nano
drugs in the tissue of the tumour. The selective targeting of NPs to tumour tissue is possible by
adding surface-active targeting agents i.e., antibodies. The selective transport of drug NPs conjugates
to the cancer cells is increased and extravagated due to permeable vasculature from endothelial
cells gap while failing the transport of drug NPs conjugates in normal cells. This review emphasizes
metallic NPs, including silver NPs (AgNPs) and gold NPs (AuNPs), which are extensively
reconnoitered in various applications in cellular targeting, imaging, drug delivery, DNA-NPs
conjugates for biosensor/point of care devices development, photothermal/photodynamic therapy,
protein-protein interaction, etc. In addition, this review discussed different synthetic methods of
AgNPs and AuNPs and characterization methods. Furthermore, it highlighted the different properties
and applications of AgNPs and AuNPs in cancer theranostics.
Germacrone, A Novel and Safe Anticancer Agent from Genus Curcuma: A Review of
its Mechanism
Authors: Lou Guanhua , Huang Yan , Wang Yu , Chen Shiyun , Liu Chang , Li Ying , Feng Jianan
Published: May 2023

Germacrone, a kind of natural sesquiterpenoid compound, has been reported to exhibit many pharmacological properties, especially the anticancer effect. Many in vitro experiments have been performed on various cancer cell
lines, trying to explore their anticancer mechanism. Aiming at investigating the anticancer effect of germacrone, this
article reviews the extant information on existing literature about germacrone-related studies. The anticancer mechanisms and clinical usages of germacrone are summarized. Literature databases (such as PubMed and CNKI) are used to
search the current studies and experimental research about the anticancer effect information of germacrone. Anticancer
mechanism of germacrone includes cell cycle arrest inducing, programmed cell death (apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis
and ferroptosis) inducing, and estrogen-related genes mediating. Structural modification and analogue design are worthy of further study in the future
Alkaloids in the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer
Authors: Riaz Ammara , Rasul Azhar , Batool Rabia , Kanwal Lubna , Hussain Ghulam , Sarfraz Iqra , Ajmal Shah Muhammad , Rao Faiza , Ucak Ilknur , Adem Sevki , A.A. Fayed Marwa
Published: May 2023

 Alkaloids, nitrogen-containing compounds, are found in living organisms
ranging from microbes to seed-producing plants all over the world. About more than
20,000 alkaloids have been discovered, mostly occurring in higher plants of the
families Ranunculaceae, Papaveraceae, Leguminosae, Loganiaceae and
Menispermaceae. These compounds are able to inhibit cancer proliferation, especially
gastrointestinal cancer, which constitutes the highest incidence rate all over the world.
The most diversified group of phytochemicals, alkaloids offer a mighty series of
chemical scaffolds and moieties which can be harnessed to ameliorate the devastating
consequences underlying cancer. Gastrointestinal (GIT) cancers constitute the
malignancies of esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, colorectal and anal tumors, which
possess aberrant metabolic signals giving rise to uncontrolled cell proliferation. These
cancers are the most frequent of all cancers and account for the high mortality rates
worldwide. Conventional therapeutic options carry the risks like being non-economical
as well as they possess severe side effects. Natural products offer a wide spectrum of
pharmacological properties which can overcome these risk factors by providing
cheaper products and are reliable regarding their bio-safety profiles. Alkaloids can be investigated in detail to investigate their pharmacological potential against GIT
cancers. Several alkaloids are known to modulate the cell signaling pathways by
inducing cell cycle arrest at G0/G1, S and G2/M phases in addition to being the
apoptosis inducers. In addition to that, they are also known to target various metabolic
pathways, such as p53, β-catenin, MAPK and PIM3. The chapter intends to investigate
the biological as well as pharmacological profiles of various alkaloids with special
reference to GIT cancers in order to update scientists and researchers about the
pharmaceutical potential of these compounds. 