bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuropsychiatric involvement in juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: Data from the UK Juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus cohort study
Authors: Giani Teresa , Smith Eve MD , Al-Abadi Eslam , Armon Kate , Bailey Kathryn , Ciurtin Coziana , Davidson Joyce , Gardner-Medwin Janet , Haslam Kirsty , Hawley Dan P , Leahy Alice , Leone Valentina , McErlane Flora , Mewar Devesh , Modgil Gita , Moots Robert , Pilkington Clarissa , Pregnolato Francesca , Ramanan Athimalaipet V , Rangaraj Satyapal , Riley Phil , Sridhar Arani , Wilkinson Nick , Cimaz Rolando , Beresford Michael W , Hedrich Christian M ,   on behalf of the UK JSLE Cohort Study
Published: October 2021

Introduction

Juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) is a rare autoimmune/inflammatory disease with significant morbidity and mortality. Neuropsychiatric (NP) involvement is a severe complication, encompassing a heterogeneous range of neurological and psychiatric manifestations.

Methods

Demographic, clinical, and laboratory features of NP-SLE were assessed in participants of the UK JSLE Cohort Study, and compared to patients in the same cohort without NP manifestations.

Results

A total of 428 JSLE patients were included in this study, 25% of which exhibited NP features, half of them at first visit. Most common neurological symptoms among NP-JSLE patients included headaches (78.5%), mood disorders (48.6%), cognitive impairment (42%), anxiety (23.3%), seizures (19.6%), movement disorders (17.7%), and cerebrovascular disease (14.9%). Peripheral nervous system involvement was recorded in 7% of NP-SLE patients. NP-JSLE patients more frequently exhibited thrombocytopenia (<100 × 109/L) ( p = 0.04), higher C-reactive protein levels ( p = 0.01), higher global pBILAG score at first visit ( p < 0.001), and higher SLICC damage index score at first ( p = 0.02) and last ( p < 0.001) visit when compared to JSLE patients without NP involvement.

Conclusions

A significant proportion of JSLE patients experience NP involvement (25%). Juvenile-onset NP-SLE most commonly affects the CNS and is associated with increased overall disease activity and damage.
A multi-state Markov model using notification data to estimate HIV incidence, number of undiagnosed individuals living with HIV, and delay between infection and diagnosis: Illustration in France, 2008–2018
Authors: Castel Charlotte , Sommen Cecile , Strat Yann Le , Alioum Ahmadou
Published: October 2021

Thirty-five years since the discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the epidemic is still ongoing in France. To guide HIV prevention strategies and monitor their impact, it is essential to understand the dynamics of the HIV epidemic. The indicator for reporting the progress of new infections is the HIV incidence. Given that HIV is mainly transmitted by undiagnosed individuals and that earlier treatment leads to less HIV transmission, it is essential to know the number of infected people unaware of their HIV-positive status as well as the time between infection and diagnosis. Our approach is based on a non-homogeneous multi-state Markov model describing the progression of the HIV disease. We propose a penalized likelihood approach to estimate the HIV incidence curve as well as the diagnosis rates. The HIV incidence curve was approximated using cubic M-splines, while an approximation of the cross-validation criterion was used to estimate the smoothing parameter. In a simulation study, we evaluate the performance of the model for reconstructing the HIV incidence curve and diagnosis rates. The method is illustrated in the population of men who have sex with men using HIV surveillance data collected by the French Institute for Public Health Surveillance since 2004.
Drivers of Blockchain Adoption in Financial and Supply Chain Enterprises
Authors: Suwanposri Chavisa , Bhatiasevi Veera , Thanakijsombat Thanarerk
Published: October 2021

The arrival of blockchain technology has disrupted many business sectors globally, encouraging enterprises to employ it and digitize their operations to work more efficiently. This study has gathered practical insights from many organizational blockchain experts to explore the drivers of blockchain technology adoption at the organizational level and differences in discovered drivers across financial and supply chain industries. This qualitative study is conducted based on grounded theory, using Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) as a framework for blockchain adoption drivers in Thailand, as identified from in-depth interviews with blockchain experts of 12 Thai financial and supply chain organizations. The findings have shown that operational efficiency, suitable application, supportive governmental policies and regulations, and stakeholders’ cooperation are newly emerged TOE factors, and that each of the focussed sectors weighs environmental factors differently due to naturally different goals and the business model of each sector, which ultimately guides the future adopters in blockchain adoption.
A phenomenological model for thermally-induced hysteresis in polycrystalline shape memory alloys with internal loops
Authors: Han Yuxiang , Du Haoyuan , Wang Linxiang , Melnik Roderick
Published: October 2021

In the current study, a 1-D phenomenological model is constructed to capture the temperature-induced hysteretic response in polycrystalline shape memory alloys (SMAs). The martensitic and austenitic transformations are regarded as the first-order transitions. A differential single-crystal model is formulated on the basis of Landau theory. It is assumed that the transformation temperatures follow the normal distribution among the grains due to the anisotropic stress field developed in the material. The polycrystalline hysteretic response is expressed as the integration of single-crystal responses. Besides, the prediction strategy for incomplete transitions is presented, and the first-order reversal curves are obtained via density reassignment. The proposed model is numerically implemented for validation. Comparisons between the modeling results and the experimental ones demonstrate the capability of the proposed model in addressing the hysteresis in thermally-induced phase transformations.
Technology-Assisted, Group-Based CBT for Rural Adults’ Depression: Open Pilot Trial Results
Authors: Weaver Addie , Zhang Anao , Landry Caroline , Hahn Jessica , McQuown Lynne , O’Donnell Lisa A. , Harrington Meghan M. , Buys Trevor , Tucker Katherine M. , Pfeiffer Paul , Kilbourne Amy M. , Grogan-Kaylor Andrew , Himle Joseph A.
Published: October 2021

Purpose: This pilot study assesses the association of Raising Our Spirits Together (ROST), a technology-assisted, group-based cognitive behavioral therapy for depression, with rural adults’ depressive symptoms and anxiety. Method: Nine adults from rural Michigan participated in an open pilot of ROST. Clergy facilitated pilot groups. The pilot began in February 2020 in-person. Due to COVID-19, the pilot was completed virtually. Results: Mean depressive symptom scores, based on the PHQ-9, significantly decreased from pre-treatment ( M = 14.4) to post-treatment ( M = 6.33; t (8) = 6.79; P < .001). Symptom reduction was maintained at 3-month follow-up ( M = 8.00), with a significant pattern of difference in depressive symptoms over time (F(2) = 17.7; P < .001; eta-squared = .689). Similar patterns occurred for anxiety based on the GAD-7. Participants attended an average of 7.33 of 8 sessions. Fidelity ratings were excellent. Discussion: ROST is a potentially feasible intervention for rural adults’ depressive symptoms. ROST offers a promising model for increasing treatment access and building capacity in rural areas.
Heritability Analysis in Twins Indicates a Genetic Basis for Velopharyngeal Morphology
Authors: Lee Myoung Keun , Liu Chenxing , Leslie Elizabeth J. , Shaffer John R. , Perry Jamie L. , Weinberg Seth M.
Published: October 2021

The velopharyngeal mechanism is comprised of several muscular components that act in a coordinated manner to control airflow through the nose and mouth. Proper velopharyngeal function is essential for normal speech, swallowing, and breathing. The genetic basis of normal-range velopharyngeal morphology is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to estimate the heritability of velopharyngeal dimensions.

We measured five velopharyngeal variables (velar length, velar thickness, effective velar length, levator muscle length and pharyngeal depth) from MRIs of 155 monozygotic and 208 dizygotic twin pairs and then calculated heritability for these traits using a structural equation modeling approach.

The heritability estimates were statistically significant (95% confidence intervals excluded zero) and ranged from 0.19 to 0.46. There was also evidence of significant genetic correlations between pairs of traits, pointing to the influence of common genetic effects.

These results indicate that genetic factors influence variation in clinically relevant velopharyngeal structures.
Instructional Leadership and Role of Module Leaders
Authors: Munna Afzal Sayed
Published: October 2021

Leadership plays an important role in an educational establishment as they help to manage the day-to-day activities. Instructional leadership has always played a distinct role in higher education as the role of instructional leadership was always to influence on effective teaching and learning processes. The purpose of this research is intended to identify the role of instructional leadership, including the relationship between instructional leadership and the role of module leaders in higher education using their own institution as a case study. The author conducted a small scale semistructured interview where two programme leaders were selected from the School of Business and Health and Social Care and were approached directly by sending formal email and also over the phone and asked if they were willing to participate. Research findings suggest that instructional leadership enables the programme/module leaders to establish a shared belief around the learning and can improve the learner’s achievement.
Impact of the Result of Continued Thrombolysis After Stenting Following Pharmacomechanical Thrombectomy for Iliofemoral Deep Vein Thrombosis—A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhou Ya-dong , Chen Ying-ying , Xue Ming , Zheng Xue-xun , Chen Xing-sheng , Guan Yun-biao
Published: October 2021

Objective

The aim of this study is to compare the procedure and treatment outcomes of using either direct stenting alone following pharmacomechanical thrombectomy or continued catheter-directed thrombolysis after stenting for treatment of acute left iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis while clot removal degree achieved grade III.

Methods

From March 2018 to May 2019, 82 patients who underwent iliac venous stenting for treatment of acute left iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis with iliac vein stenosis after pharmacomechanical thrombectomy therapy using the AngioJet system while Clot removal degree achieved grade III were divided into two groups: Direct stenting alone group ( n = 39) and continued catheter-directed thrombolysis after stenting group ( n = 43). Comparisons were made regarding the treatment outcomes, stent patency rate, and Villalta scale between these two groups.

Results

No serious perioperative complications occurred. The mean urokinase dose and hospitalization time in the stenting alone group and continued catheter-directed thrombolysis after the stenting group were 0.30 million U versus 1.76 ± 0.54 million U and 4.85 ± 0.93 days versus 6.33 ± 1.02 days, ( P < .001). In the first 30 days after the operation, there were 3 recurrent episodes of deep vein thrombosis in the stenting alone group ( P = 0.064). Each patient has completed at least one year of follow-up, the mean follow-up was 15.95 ± 3.44 months. Overall cumulative stent patency rates were 87.2% in stenting alone group and 97.7% in continued catheter-directed thrombolysis after stenting group at 12months ( P = 0.037). The Villalta scores at 12 months had a significant difference between the two groups. The mean Villalta scores in the stenting alone group and continued catheter-directed thrombolysis after the stenting group were 4.44 ± 1.63 and 1.63 ± 1.29, respectively ( P < 0.001).

Conclusion

When the clot removal degree of pharmacomechanical thrombectomy thrombectomy reaches grade III, both stenting alone and continued catheter-directed thrombolysis after stenting are effective treatment modalities. For young patients with low bleeding risk, continued catheter-directed thrombolysis after stenting has a better patency rate and a lower 1-year post-thrombotic syndrome risk and does not increase major bleeding events. However, it may increase the time and costs of hospitalization accordingly.
How to True Psychology’s Objects
Authors: Morawski Jill
Published: October 2021

Psychology’s current crisis attends most visibly to perceived problems with statistical models, methods, publication practices, and career incentives. Rarely is close attention given to the objects of inquiry—to ontological matters—yet the crisis-related literature does features statements about the nature of psychology’s objects. Close analysis of the ontological claims reveals discrepant understandings: some researchers assume objects to be stable and singular while others posit them to be dynamic and complex. Nevertheless, both views presume the objects under scrutiny to be real. The analysis also finds each of these ontological claims to be associated not only with particular method prescriptions but also with distinct notions of the scientific self. Though both take the scientific self to be objective, one figures the scientist as not always a rational actor and, therefore, requiring some behavior regulation, while the other sees the scientist as largely capable of self-governing sustained through painstakingly acquired expertise and self-control. The fate of these prevalent assemblages of object, method, and scientific self remains to be determined, yet as conditions of possibility they portend quite different futures. Following description of the assemblages, the article ventures a futuristic portrayal of the scientific practices they each might engender.
Developmental Associations Between Media Use and Adolescent Prosocial Behavior
Authors: Fitzpatrick Caroline , Boers Elroy
Published: October 2021

Youth today spend a tremendous amount of time with digital media. The purpose of the present study was to estimate developmental associations between screen media use between the ages of 15 and 17 and corresponding changes in prosocial behavior. Participants ( N = 1,509) were part of the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development, a population-based study of children born in the province of Quebec, Canada. Youth self-reported internet and video game use and television or movies/DVD viewing, as well as prosocial behavior at the ages of 15 and 17. Analyses were conducted using multilevel linear modelling to account for between-, within-, and lagged-person effects. Internet and video game use accounted for less prosocial behavior at the within-person and lagged-person levels. Television use also accounted for lagged-person effects in prosocial behavior. Finally, internet use and television viewing contributed to between person differences in prosocial behavior. Our study presents strong statistical evidence that media use during adolescence can undermine the development of prosocial behavior.
Determining Contextual Factors for a Heart Failure Self-Care Intervention: A Consensus Delphi Study (ACHIEVE)
Authors: Whittal Amanda , Ehringfeld Isabell , Steinhoff Paula , Herber Oliver Rudolf
Published: October 2021

There is a rising recognition of the crucial role self-care plays in managing heart failure (HF). Yet patients often have difficulties implementing ongoing self-care recommendations into their daily lives. There is also recognition of the importance of theory for successful intervention design, and understanding of key factors for implementation so interventions fit a given context. Local key stakeholders can provide valuable insights to help understand relevant context-specific factors for intervention implementation. This study sought to engage stakeholders to explore and determine relevant contextual factors needed to design and facilitate successful implementation of an HF self-care intervention in the German health care system. A ranking-type Delphi approach was used to establish consensus from stakeholders (i.e., clinicians, patients, policymakers/potential funders) regarding eight factors (content, interventionist, target group, location, mode of delivery, intensity, duration, and format) to adequately define the components and implementation strategy of the intervention. Seventeen participants were invited to participate in the first Delphi round. A response rate of 94% (16/17) was achieved and maintained for all three Delphi rounds. Stakeholder consensus determined that nurses specializing in HF are the most appropriate interventionists, target groups should include patients and carers, and the intervention should occur in an outpatient HF clinic, be a mixture of group and individual training sessions, and last for 30 minutes. Sessions should take place more frequently in the beginning and less often over time. Local stakeholders can help determine contextual factors that must be taken into account for successful delivery of an intervention. This enables the intervention to be developed and applied based on these factors, to make it suitable for the target context and to enhance participation to achieve the desired outcomes.
Mixed chorangioma and leiomyoma of the placenta, with a brief review of nontrophoblastic placental lesions
Authors: Webb Stacy D. , Bonasoni Maria Paola , Palicelli Andrea , Comitini Giuseppina , Heller Debra S.
Published: October 2021

Chorangioma is the most common type of primary non-trophoblastic tumor of the placenta, usually identified incidentally on ultrasound or at delivery. Leiomyomas within the placenta have been described, though they are rare and usually of maternal origin. We present an unusual case of a placental tumor with combined histopathologic and immunohistochemical features of both chorangioma and leiomyoma. A 39-year-old woman was found to have an echogenic placental mass at 33 weeks of gestation on ultrasound, that was thought to be a chorangioma. They followed up weekly, and performed a cesarean section at 39 weeks, due to concern for intrauterine growth restriction. No fetal or maternal complications occurred. Grossly, a 9-cm, red-brown mass with a broad-based stalk was identified on the fetal surface of the placenta near the periphery. Microscopically, the lesion was found to display characteristic features of chorangioma, with vascular proliferation, which stained positive for CD34 and CD31. SMA and caldesmon immunohistochemical staining was also positive, highlighting the proliferation of smooth muscle throughout the neoplasm. Literature review revealed a single additional case with similar characteristics.
Transformative Needs Assessment Methodology: A Mixed Approach for Organizations Serving Marginalized Communities
Authors: Sankofa Nicole
Published: October 2021

Needs assessments (NAs) for marginalized communities would ideally contextualize needs in the sociocultural context, use agency-supportive methods, and result in liberatory action planning. This article develops the Transformative Needs Assessment With Marginalized Communities (TNAMC) using a mixed-methods approach that examines internal and external factors of needs for marginalized communities using liberatory methods to arrive at emancipatory action planning. This nonlinear process includes identifying concerns, checking assumptions, action committee selection, identifying need areas, situating need areas in context, identifying metrics of needs, collecting and analyzing data, prioritizing needs, creating action strategies, and developing an action plan. Each phase is discussed using the examination of anti-recidivism adolescent development needs in a predominately Black juvenile detention facility ( N = 87 juveniles) as exemplar. The development of TNAMC is designed to aid NA evaluators in designing assessments that integrate social action as a primary purpose of the NA while empowering marginalized communities throughout research processes.
Metabolic Syndrome in Breast Cancer Patients: An Observational Study
Authors: Khare Siddhant , Irrinki Santhosh , Sakaray Yashwant Raj , Bal Amanjit , Singh Tulika , Singh Gurpreet
Published: October 2021

Background:

The reported association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and breast cancer may have a significant impact on the incidence and mortality related to breast cancer. We undertook this study to find if the disease is different in patients with MetS.

Materials and Methods:

Patients with biopsy-proven breast cancer were divided into groups based on the presence or absence of MetS (according to the IDF definition of 2006) and also based on menopausal status. The presence of known risk and prognostic factors were also recorded, and the groups were compared.

Results:

A total of 305 patients were recruited, of which 191 (62.6%) had MetS. Patients with MetS were older than those without (52.1 versus 48.3 years, P = .014) and had a lower incidence of nulliparity (4.1% vs 12.8%, P = .005) and dense breasts (2.9% in MetS vs 10.8% in no MetS, P = .009). On further dividing into premenopausal and postmenopausal, these differences persisted only in premenopausal patients. MetS group had a lower number of HER2-positive tumours (14.3% for MetS, 23.9% for no MetS; P = .036). After dividing into premenopausal and postmenopausal, significant differences were observed in distant metastases (5.4% in MetS vs 16.1% in no MetS, P = .045) and in grade (higher grade in MetS, P = .05) in premenopausal patients. In postmenopausal patients, difference was observed in HER2 positivity (12.3% in MetS vs 28.8% in no MetS, P = .008).

Conclusions:

Breast cancer in patients with MetS may not be significantly different from breast cancer in patients without MetS.
Linear friction tester design and validation
Authors: Shams Kondori Mehran , Taheri Saied
Published: October 2021

Due to the complexity of friction phenomena, empirical analysis is the best way to predict the friction coefficient. To accomplish this, laboratory test rigs are needed. Although a rotary dynamic friction test bed was available to the authors, it had its limitations, such as low speed, inducement of lateral force, and the limitation of testing samples with different shapes. This paper will explain the process of designing and manufacturing a novel test setup for measuring friction and wear of the tire. The newly designed test rig can apply dynamic loading during the tests, and it can automatically measure the wear rate and temperature between cycles. In addition, it can be used for measuring the wear rate of rubber samples sliding on different types of surfaces. Therefore, experiments can be run under more controlled conditions. The designed linear friction tester can slide flat and round rubber samples approximately three meters across a large flat surface. The frictional force of rubber samples can be measured for various normal loads, velocities, and surface conditions. The new setup can automatically control the applied normal load on the sample using proportional–integral–derivative controller control. The important difference between this novel design and the existing testers used by other researchers is implementing the ball screw technology and the servo motor with high accuracy encoder to achieve highly accurate test results. In this design, the new mechanism for the ball screw is designed to increase the speed limit and eliminating vibrations while keeping the precision. In addition, in this design, the sample's mass can be measured automatically after each test cycle, thus providing a measure of the rate of wear of the rubber. In this study, the data collected by the linear friction tester is validated by comparing the data to the data collected by the dynamic friction tester (a validated rotary friction tester that exists in CenTiRe Lab). The data collected by the new setup was later used to benchmark the Persson analytical friction model.
Transnationalisation revisited through the Netflix Original: An analysis of investment strategies in Europe
Authors: Iordache Catalina , Raats Tim , Afilipoaie Adelaida
Published: October 2021

Players in the European market have developed a series of transnational collaborations and practices in the cross-border production and distribution of audio-visual content, media ownership, regulation and audience reception. Transnational subscription video-on-demand platforms have also visibly increased their investments in original content, in their attempt to expand and maintain their international subscriber bases. Among them, Netflix has been particularly active in investing in European markets. This article traces the evolution of Netflix investments in European original scripted series produced between 2012 and 2020 and analyses the platform’s investment strategies in European markets through the lens of transnational television theory. The findings point to various elements of transnationalisation, placing European originals at the intersection between local and global, through market dynamics, strategic collaborations and content with transnational appeal. The findings also confirm the growing importance of rights retention and premium content offerings through the increase of big-budget commissions, particularly in developed European markets.
Prediction of structural responses induced by single-person jumping through a physical principle based on transfer functions
Authors: Wang Haoqi , Zhang Zhuoran , Chen Jun
Published: October 2021

The vibration caused by human excitation has become a key factor at the structural design stage of large-span structures including footbridges, sport stadia, and high-rise buildings. As the structures tend to become slenderer and lighter, the mass of the crowd is not negligibly small compared with the mass of the structure. In such cases, the crowd and the structure form a coupling system through a mechanism known as human–structure interaction (HSI). Researchers found that the structural responses with and without HSI are different. However, the interaction effect on the structural responses has rarely been quantitatively evaluated from the perspective of human system parameters. In this paper, a novel method using a physical principle to predict jumping-induced structural responses is proposed, in which the structural response is expressed as the multiplication of a series of transfer functions representing human system and structural dynamic properties. Structural responses of a large-span concrete structure under jumping excitation are predicted using the proposed method and identified human system parameters. Comparison with measured responses shows satisfactory agreement. The proposed method provides a solution to consider HSI effect on the calculation of structural responses in the vibration serviceability design for large-span structures.
The liver-first approach for synchronous colorectal liver metastases: A systematic review and meta-analysis of completion rates and effects on survival
Authors: Zeyara Adam , Torén William , Søreide Kjetil , Andersson Roland
Published: October 2021

Background:

Patients presenting with synchronous colorectal liver metastases are increasingly being considered for a curative treatment, and the liver-first approach is gaining popularity in this context. However, little is known about the completion rates of the liver-first approach and its effects on survival.

Methods:

A systematic review and meta-analysis of liver-first strategy for colorectal liver metastasis. The primary outcome was an assessment of the completion rates of the liver-first approach. Secondary outcomes included overall survival, causes of non-completion, and clinicopathologic data.

Results:

Seventeen articles were amenable for inclusion and the total study population was 1041. The median completion rate for the total population was 80% (range 20–100). The median overall survival for the completion and non-completion groups was 45 (range 12–69) months and 13 (range 10.5–25) months, respectively. Metadata showed a significant survival benefit for the completion group, with a univariate hazard ratio of 12.0 (95% confidence interval, range 5.7–24.4). The major cause of non-completion (76%) was liver disease progression before resection of the primary tumor. Pearson tests showed significant negative correlation between median number of lesions and median size of the largest metastasis and completion rate.

Conclusions:

The liver-first approach offers a complete resection to most patients enrolled, with an overall survival benefit when completion can be assured. One-fifth fails to return to intended oncologic therapy and the major cause is interim metastatic progression, most often in the liver. Risk of non-completion is related to a higher number of lesions and large metastases. The majority of studies stem from primary rectal cancers, which may influence on the return to intended oncologic therapy as well. PROSPERO id no: 170459
Does minimally invasive liver resection improve long-term survival compared to open resection for hepatocellular carcinoma? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kamarajah Sivesh K. , Gujjuri Rohan R. , Hilal Moh’d A. , Manas Derek M. , White Steven A.
Published: October 2021

Introduction:

Minimally invasive liver surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma has gained widespread interest as an alternative to conventional open liver surgery. However, long-term survival benefits of this approach seem unclear. This meta-analysis was conducted to investigate long-term survival following minimally invasive liver surgery.

Method:

A systematic review was performed to identify studies comparing long-term survival after minimally invasive liver surgery and open liver surgery until January 2020. The I2 test was used to test for statistical heterogeneity and publication bias was assessed using Egger test. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed for all-cause 5-year (main outcome) and 3-year mortality, and disease-specific 5-year and 3-year mortality. Meta-regression was performed for the 5-year and 3-year survival outcomes with adjustment for study factors (region, design), annual center volume, patient factors (American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade, gender, age, body mass index, cirrhosis, tumor size, and number), and resection extent. Sensitivity analyses were performed on studies by study year, region, annual center volume, and resection type.

Result:

The review identified 50 relevant studies including 13,731 patients undergoing liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma of which 4071 (25.8%) underwent minimally invasive liver surgery. Pooled analysis revealed similar all-cause (odds ratio: 0.83, 95% confidence interval: 0.70–1.11, p = 0.3) and disease-specific (odds ratio: 0.93, 95% confidence interval: 0.80–1.09, p = 0.4) 5-year mortality after minimally invasive liver surgery compared with open liver surgery. Sensitivity analysis of published studies from 2010 to 2019 demonstrated a significantly lower disease-specific 3-year mortality (odds ratio: 0.75, 95% confidence interval: 0.59–0.96, p = 0.022) and all-cause 5-year mortality (odds ratio: 0.63, 95% confidence interval: 0.50–0.81, p = 0.002). Meta-regression identified no confounding factors in all analyses.

Conclusions:

Improvement in minimally invasive liver surgery techniques over the past decade appears to demonstrate superior disease-specific mortality with minimally invasive liver surgery compared to open liver surgery. Therefore, minimally invasive liver surgery can be recommended as an alternative surgical approach for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Documents for identity: Citizenship impasse in Assam, India
Authors: Sharma Chetna
Published: October 2021

This article is an attempt to comprehend how document-based state policies open new fault lines and contradictions when it comes to citizenship claims. The study of the National Register of Citizens (NRC) in Assam indicates that any exercise in abstract documentation not only becomes exclusionary in nature but also fails in its purpose. The reliance on identity documents, as a tool of state power and identification, demonstrates the incoherent character of state machinery while also having overpoweringly humiliating effects when identity documents are nullified, jeopardizing any citizens’ legal status.
Canonical correlation analysis in high dimensions with structured regularization
Authors: Tuzhilina Elena , Tozzi Leonardo , Hastie Trevor
Published: October 2021

Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is a technique for measuring the association between two multivariate data matrices. A regularized modification of canonical correlation analysis (RCCA) which imposes an [Formula: see text] penalty on the CCA coefficients is widely used in applications with high-dimensional data. One limitation of such regularization is that it ignores any data structure, treating all the features equally, which can be ill-suited for some applications. In this article we introduce several approaches to regularizing CCA that take the underlying data structure into account. In particular, the proposed group regularized canonical correlation analysis (GRCCA) is useful when the variables are correlated in groups. We illustrate some computational strategies to avoid excessive computations with regularized CCA in high dimensions. We demonstrate the application of these methods in our motivating application from neuroscience, as well as in a small simulation example.
Development of upholstery electro-fabric for smart textile applications
Authors: Coskun Huseyin , Oner Eren
Published: October 2021

Smart textile products developed by evaluating the human body’s data through sensors have become widespread in recent years. The majority of these products include textile-based information and communication technologies that integrate electronic components into clothing. People use seats, chairs, armchairs, etc., to sit constantly in vehicles, work or at home. The use of these items varies according to the requirements and purposes. In this study, an electro-textile-based upholstery fabric design was carried out to be used in sitting furniture. Electronic components containing capacitive sensors were placed in the designed fabric structure to make it usable in different areas where upholstery fabrics are used. In addition, the sensor connection circuit was developed to receive data from the fabric surface. The data taken from the fabric surface were made meaningful using the calibration and normalization algorithm. The 3D pressing map of the reaction on the fabric surface for different sitting positions was drawn. Electromagnetic field and vibration tests were carried out to examine the response behaviour in different environments where the fabric can be used. According to the findings, it was observed that the pressing areas formed on the surface were displayed in a significant way over the 3D pressing map, and the system was not affected by the electromagnetic field and vibrations. Besides, the fabric was applied on the various surfaces to test calibration and threshold algorithm. Obtained results and circumstances showed that the designed calibration and threshold algorithm were successful to obtained significant results. As a result of the study, upholstery electro fabric with a response time of 0.01 seconds in data collection was developed, which can be used in different environments such as home, workplace and vehicle. It can be used over furniture and in wet and dry conditions and is not affected by the electromagnetic field and vibration in the environment.
The Value of Additional Conventional Transbronchial Biopsy in the Negative Results of Rapid On-site Evaluation During Endobronchial Ultrasound With Guide Sheath to Diagnose Small Peripheral Lung Cancer
Authors: Ito Takayasu , Okachi Shotaro , Ikenouchi Tadasuke , Ushijima Futoshi , Ohashi Takamasa , Ogawa Masahiro , Nagahama Masato , Hashimoto Naozumi
Published: October 2021

Objective: The accuracy of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) during endobronchial ultrasonography with guide sheath (EBUS-GS) was reported to be approximately 90% for diagnosing small peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs). When ROSE during EBUS-GS for diagnosing small peripheral lung cancer is carried out and does not include malignant cells in a position whereby the probe was located within or adjacent to the lesion, the best technique for overcoming the lower diagnostic yield remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate factors affecting positive results of ROSE during EBUS-GS in such a probe position. Moreover, when the results of ROSE were consistently negative, we evaluated the effectiveness of conventional transbronchial biopsy (TBB) in addition to EBUS-GS alone. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients who underwent EBUS-GS combined with ROSE for diagnosing small peripheral lung cancer (≤30 mm). We classified the results of ROSE into two groups based on the presence of malignant cells: the ROSE positive group (included malignant cells) and the ROSE negative group (did not include malignant cells). The significant predictors of positive ROSE results during EBUS-GS were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: We identified 67 lesions (43 lesions in the ROSE positive group and 24 lesions in the ROSE negative group, respectively). Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that the significant factor affecting positive ROSE results was lesion size (>15 mm) (OR = 9.901). The diagnostic yield of additional conventional TBB to EBUS-GS was significantly higher than that of EBUS-GS alone (75.0% vs 33.3%, P = .041). Conclusion: The positive results of ROSE during EBUS-GS were significantly influenced by lesion size (>15 mm). When the results of ROSE during EBUS-GS were consistently negative in a position whereby the probe was located within or adjacent to the lesion, additional conventional TBB was effective to improve the diagnostic yield compared with EBUS-GS alone.
Development and Testing of the Foot Care Scale for Older Japanese Diabetic Patients
Authors: Sable-Morita Sayuri , Arai Yuki , Takanashi Sanae , Aimoto Keita , Okura Mika , Tanikawa Takahisa , Maeda Keisuke , Tokuda Haruhiko , Arai Hidenori
Published: October 2021

We aimed to develop and test the reliability and validity of a foot care self-management assessment tool for older Japanese patients with diabetes. In this cross-sectional observational study, which was carried out according to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines, additional items were developed and selected to reflect older Japanese patients’ needs a thorough investigation with experts in diabetes and geriatrics. A total of 200 older patients with diabetes in a foot care outpatient clinic were included in the study to finalize the scale items and verify the scale's reliability and validity. A factor analysis yielded a 4-factor, 9-item scale. Factors 1 to 4 were “skin condition” (3 items), “nail clipping” (2 items), “attention to wounds” (2 items), and “relationships with others” (2 items). The Cronbach's α coefficients for the 4 factors were .852, .900, .820, and .571, respectively. The overall scale was 0.797, indicating good internal consistency. Spearman's correlation coefficients for each of the 4 factors with the scale's total score showed good stability; all correlations were significant. In Japan's super-aged society, it is important to focus on foot care practices among older adults and to promote good foot care practices among early older adults so that they can practice self-care at home. Therefore, a scale for comprehensively evaluating foot care in elderly patients with diabetes is needed. The Foot Care Scale for Older Diabetics could be useful as a tool for assessing the ability to self-manage foot care in older Japanese patients with diabetes.
Free Vacularized Fibula Flap for Septic Bone Defects of the Lower Limb
Authors: Copete González Iván , Vanaclocha Nieves , Sánchez-García Alberto , Thione Alessandro , Pérez-García Alberto
Published: October 2021

Free fibula flap (FFF) is one of the reconstructive techniques to treat bone defects, although in septic conditions there are some limitations that have made it less popular. We present our experience with FFF for the reconstruction of lower limb infectious bone defects. From September 2015 to January 2020, 10 patients underwent reconstruction with FFF without rigid internal fixation of septic bone defects of the lower extremities. Demographic, clinical, and operative data were retrospectively collected. All the flaps survived and consolidated. The only major complication was a stress fracture of a fibula that required osteosynthesis. Median time to consolidation and full weight-bearing was 2.5 and 9.8 months, respectively. Bipedal gating was achieved in all the patients, 7 of them without walking aids. Despite it has some limitations and technical difficulties, in our experience FFF is an effective and reliable option in the reconstruction of septic bone defects of the lower limb.
Conservative Surgical Management of Late Carotid Patch Infection in a Patient with Subsequent Stenting for Restenosis
Authors: Torres-Blanco Álvaro , Altable-García Mario , Miralles-Hernández Manuel
Published: October 2021

Carotid patch infection is a rare but dreaded complication after endarterectomy. About 160 cases can be found in literature, but presentation in a patient with post-endarterectomy stenting has not been reported. Most frequent clinical manifestations include the occurrence of a sinus, a pseudoaneurysm, or neck swelling, but in severe cases it may present anastomosis dehiscence with hematoma or hemorrhage. Usually, patch removal and reconstruction is recommended, but there is not a standard protocol for management. Conservative surgical management with patch preservation has only been reported in a minority of cases. We report a patient with a history of carotid endarterectomy and subsequent carotid stenting 21 months later because of >80% restenosis. He presented a sinus in the scar 81 months after the former intervention. The patient underwent surgery, and during the procedure, a detachment of a small segment of the Dacron patch from the surrounding tissue was found. The sinus tract was resected, and after verifying the integrity of the patch, it was irrigated with rifampicin and preserved in situ. S. epidermidis was isolated from tissue cultures. Twenty-four months later, the patient remains asymptomatic and duplex ultrasound shows no signs of infection. Conservative surgical approach can be a valid option for treatment and may be considered in selected patients with limited infection.
Completion Arteriogram Following Carotid Endarterectomy Yields Lower Perioperative Stroke Rate
Authors: Madden Nicholas J. , Calligaro Keith D. , Dougherty Matthew J. , Maloni Krystal , Troutman Douglas A.
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Completion imaging following carotid endarterectomy (CEA) remains controversial. We present our experience performing routine completion arteriography (CA). Methods: A retrospective review of our prospectively maintained institutional database was performed for patients undergoing isolated CEA. Results: 1439 isolated CEAs with CA were performed on 1297 patients. CEA was for asymptomatic lesions in 70% (1003) of cases. There were no complications related to arteriography. An abnormal arteriogram documented significant abnormalities in the internal carotid artery (ICA) and prompted revision in 1.7% (24/1439) of cases: 20 unsatisfactory distal endpoints of the endarterectomy (12 residual stenoses, 7 intimal flaps, and 1 dissection), 3 kinks or stenoses within the body of the patch, and 1 thrombus. Of the 20 distal endpoint lesions, stent deployment was used in 17 cases and patch revision in 3 cases. The other 4 cases were treated by patch angioplasty (3) or thrombectomy (1). None suffered a perioperative stroke. The overall 30-day stroke, death, and combined stroke/death rate for the 1439 patients in our series was 1.5% (22), .5% (7), and 1.9% (27), respectively. The combined stroke/death rate for asymptomatic lesions was 1.1% (11/1003) and for symptomatic lesions was 2.5% (11/436). Of the 22 strokes in the entire series (all with normal CA), 15 were non-hemorrhagic strokes ipsilateral to the CEA; 14 were confirmed to have widely patent endarterectomy sites by CT-A (13) or re-exploration and repeat arteriography (1). The occluded site was re-explored and underwent thrombectomy, but no technical problems were identified. The remaining strokes were hemorrhagic (4 reperfusion syndrome and 1 surgical site bleeding) or contralateral to the CEA (2). Conclusion: Although not all patients in this series who underwent intraoperative revision due to abnormal CA might have suffered a stroke, performing this simple and safe study may have halved our overall perioperative stroke rate from 3.2% to 1.5%.
Geometric Atlas of the Middle Ear and Paranasal Sinuses for Robotic Applications
Authors: Michel Guillaume , Salunkhe Durgesh Haribhau , Bordure Philippe , Chablat Damien
Published: October 2021

In otolaryngologic surgery, more and more robots are being studied to meet the clinical needs of operating rooms. However, to help design and optimize these robots, the workspace must be precisely defined taking into account patient variability. The aim of this work is to define a geometric atlas of the middle ear and paranasal sinuses for endoscopic robotic applications. Scans of several patients of different ages and sexes were used to determine the average size of these workspaces, which are linked by the similar use of endoscopes in surgery.
Looking for the Gamic Gaze: Desire, Fantasy, and Enjoyment in Gorogoa
Authors: Nicoll Benjamin
Published: October 2021

It seems intuitive to conflate the gamic gaze with the player’s act of looking. To do so, however, would be to inherit from the first wave of psychoanalytic screen theory a misleading presupposition that the gaze is synonymous with the look. Taking influence from new Lacanian film theorists such as Joan Copjec and Todd McGowan, this article contends that the gamic gaze is an object in the visual field of play that disrupts the mastery of the player’s look. I develop this argument through an analysis of the 2017 videogame Gorogoa. By confronting the player with the gaze, Gorogoa reveals that the jouissance (enjoyment) of videogame play consists in the player’s unconscious drive to fail rather than their conscious wish for pleasure or mastery. To borrow terminology from Copjec, the gamic gaze marks the point of the player’s culpability—rather than visibility—in the visual field of play.
Cartoon Elicitation: Can Drawings Facilitate Interviews on Sensitive Topics?
Authors: Figoureux Marie , Van Gorp Baldwin
Published: October 2021

Researching sensitive topics poses multiple methodological and ethical challenges. To overcome these, this contribution proposes the method of cartoon elicitation, inspired by photo-elicitation and based on framing theory. The impersonality and satire of cartoons and the distance made between a sensitive topic and real life events can diminish potential feelings of threat among respondents. The cartoons offered opportunities to (a) discuss potential stigmatising aspects of a sensitive topic; (b) trigger memories while empowering participants to decide what (not) to share with the researchers; and (c) stimulate rapport between researchers and participants. The contribution elaborately examines the used method in a case study where radicalisation was debated with persons who might be perceived as suspect within the larger community. It is discussed how this method is applicable to study a broad range of sensitive topics.