bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Growth Inhibition of Phytopathogenic Fungi and Oomycetes by Basidiomycete Irpex lacteus and Identification of its Antimicrobial Extracellular Metabolites
Authors: PINEDA-SUAZO DAISY , MONTERO-VARGAS JOSAPHAT MIGUEL , ORDAZ-ORTIZ JOSÉ JUAN , VÁZQUEZ-MARRUFO GERARDO
Published: March 2021

In dual culture confrontation assays, basidiomycete Irpex lacteus efficiently antagonized Fusarium spp., Colletotrichum spp., and Phytophthora spp. phytopathogenic strains, with growth inhibition percentages between 16.7–46.3%. Antibiosis assays evaluating the inhibitory effect of soluble extracellular metabolites indicated I. lacteus strain inhibited phytopathogens growth between 32.0–86.7%. Metabolites in the extracellular broth filtrate, identified by UPLC-QTOF mass spectrometer, included nine terpenes, two aldehydes, and derivatives of a polyketide, a quinazoline, and a xanthone, several of which had antifungal activity. I. lacteus strain and its extracellular metabolites might be valuable tools for phytopathogenic fungi and oomycete biocontrol of agricultural relevance.
浅论新时期水利工程建设管理创新思路的探索
Authors: 陈 明
Published: March 2021

近年来，我国加大了经济对外开放的力度，从而有效的促进了社会经济的快速发展，在这种形势下无论是社会发展还是民众生活对于水资源的需求量都在不断的增加，这样就对水利工程行业提出了更高的要求。水利工程行业不但与社会经济发展密切相关，并且也有民众的生活存在一定的关联，所以务必要对水利工程施工质量加以根本保证。在组织开展水利工程施工工作的过程中，工程施工管理工作具有十分重要的作用。结合大量的相关信息数据来看，我国现如今很多的水利工程建设管理工作中还存在诸多的问题，所以就需要相关部门和施工单位对其给予更多的关注，围绕其中所存在的问题进行深入的剖析，从而结合实际情况利用有效的方式方法对问题加以解决，不断提升水利工程建设管理工作的整体水平。
地域文化在站房建筑设计中的表达
Authors: 刘 畅
Published: March 2021

客运站属于公共交通建筑，站房的形象是城市和地区的门户。在站房建筑设计中运用当地文化特色，可以丰富当前的交通建筑设计。与当地的气候环境，宗教文化、社会风俗和其他环境因素紧密相连，实现艺术与技术，创新与传统的结合，打造站房文化的新时代。
房屋建筑施工质量监督管理现状并探究有效对策
Authors: 余 国涛
Published: March 2021

建筑行业与国民经济的发展有相互制约的关系，国家宏观调控房产，意味着建筑业在经济发展中的杠杆作用。质量是房屋建筑施工监督管理的核心。近年来，商家为了把利益做到最大化，在建筑房屋时纷纷铤而走险，出现了偷工减料、把施工工期缩短、减少并控制成本，各种始料未及的暗箱操作被引向市场。为此，加强房屋建筑施工质量监督管理成为一个长久、又迫在眉睫的工作。
钢筋混凝土V形墩刚架桥病害分析及加固措施
Authors: 高 振 , 陈 斌 , 龚 雪飞
Published: March 2021

文章以镇江市解放桥维修加固设计为例，介绍钢筋混凝土V形墩刚架桥的常见病害，指出微弯板边界条件的变化是病害的首要原因。根据计算结果，对刚架桥微弯板及主梁提出维修加固措施，可供以后类似工程设计参考。
Impacto de dois métodos de reexpansão pulmonar em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia bariátrica por videolaparoscopia
Authors: Della Via Fabiana , Concon Filho Admar Concon , Kosour Carolina , Andrade Carlos Eduardo Ferraresi , Guedes Emanuel , Dragosavac Desanka
Published: March 2021

Avaliar o impacto de métodos de re-expansão pulmonar na função pulmonar e incidência de complicações respiratórias como as atelectasias, pneumonias e hipoxemia no pós-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica por videolaparoscopia. Estudo clínico, prospectivo realizado com 105 pacientes, randomizado em três grupos: grupo controle (fisioterapia convencional no pós-operatório), grupo recrutamento (recrutamento alveolar no intraoperatório) e grupo descompressão (manobra de compressão e descompressão torácica no pós-operatório). Foram analisadas variáveis espirométricas, respiratórias e hemodinâmicas. No pós-operatório todos os grupos apresentaram piora nas medidas espirométricas (p < 0,00) e redução significativa da frequência respiratória quando comparado o período pré e pós-operatório imediato em todos os grupos (p = 0,01). As médias de pressão expiratória final de gás carbônico no grupo recrutamento foram maiores que no grupo controle em todos os intervalos de tempos avaliados (p = 0,03). A manobra de compressão e descompressão torácica e o recrutamento alveolar foram benéficos para a recuperação da função pulmonar. Nos três grupos avaliados não houve diferença nas complicações e função pulmonar no pós-operatório, exceto redução significativa da frequência respiratória e da pressão expiratória final de dióxido de carbono no grupo recrutamento alveolar.
Dilemas del arte urbano como patrimonio
Authors: García Gayo Elena , Luque Rodrigo Laura
Published: March 2021

Texto de apertura del debate de revista PH 103
Contribuições e dificuldades da equipe de enfermagem na implementação de cuidados paliativos ao paciente oncológico
Authors: Sales Crisley Lorraine Costa , Silva Joselaine Souto Hall , Nodari Poliana Roma Greve , Costa Daiana Alves Vendramel da , Santos Thaís Martins dos
Published: March 2021

O câncer é uma doença avassaladora, e os cuidados paliativos devem estar presentes a partir do momento em que a doença se torna agressiva e em estágio avançado, sendo uma atribuição da equipe de enfermagem planejá-los e oferecê-los aos pacientes. O objetivo foi analisar as contribuições e dificuldades da enfermagem na implementação dos cuidados paliativos aos pacientes oncológicos terminais. A busca de artigos foi realizada nas bases de dados indexadas na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, entre julho e novembro de 2020, utilizando a metodologia Prisma. Foram incluídos na amostra 14 artigos que contemplaram o tema, sendo 92,8% no idioma inglês e apenas 7,1% nacional. Além disso, 35,7% são produções de países europeus e 28,5% são da América do Norte. O maior número de publicações em países europeus pode estar relacionado ao fato de que a Europa é o berço do estudo sobre os cuidados paliativos. Constatou-se, entre os 14 estudos, a importância da enfermagem oncológica na prestação de cuidados de fim de vida. No entanto, esses profissionais têm dificuldade em lidar com as dores físicas e emocionais dos pacientes, receios em falar sobre antecipação do planejamento dos cuidados paliativos, falta de confiança em comunicar com o paciente em momentos de preocupações, medos e anseios no que diz respeito ao processo morte e morrer, apego emocional, dúvidas de quais são suas atribuições reais no cuidado e limitações como a falta de tempo para realizar formação/capacitação presenciais ou online.
Mortalidade de mulheres em idade fértil em um hospital terciário de Recife-PE: um estudo retrospectivo (2015-2019)
Authors: Souza Keiliane Ribeiro de , Cavalcanti Aracele Tenório Almeida e , Santos Laís Vasconcelos , Lucena Bruna Joares Aldina , Figueiredo Nathália Barreto Januário Chaves de , Brisde Aldina Lucena Yasmin , Oliveira Alexandre Marlon Carvalho de
Published: March 2021

A mortalidade de mulheres em idade fértil e em período gravídico puerperal correspondem a uma parcela importante de óbitos femininos no país, sendo a mortalidade materna um importante indicador para avaliar a qualidade da assistência à saúde oferecida a população. A hipertensão, hemorragia, infecções puerperais, doenças do aparelho circulatório complicadas pela gravidez, parto e puerpério e o aborto são as principais causas de morte materna no país. Diante disso, o objetivo desse trabalho é descrever os óbitos de mulheres em idade fértil notificados no Hospital Barão de Lucena no período de janeiro de 2015 à outubro de 2019. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, retrospectivo de caráter quantitativo, realizado a partir de fichas de notificação de óbitos e prontuários hospitalares de mulheres em idade fértil, de 10 a 49 anos que foram a óbito no Hospital Barão de Lucena. O estudo apresentou um maior número de óbitos de mulheres com idade entre 40-49 anos, da cor parda, baixa escolaridade e sem parceiro fixo. Quanto às causas de morte, a mais prevalente foi por câncer e mortes maternas. Dentre as mortes maternas, a causa mais prevalente foi síndrome hipertensiva. Identificamos a necessidade de reforçar urgentemente ações de promoção a saúde, prevenção de doenças e agravos, programas de rastreamento e diagnóstico precoce, garantindo serviços de qualidade e resolutivos em todos os níveis da atenção para todas as mulheres.
Síndrome de Burnout e Síndrome do Impostor: um estudo correlacional
Authors: Oliveira Aldení Ramos de , Bezerra Thereza Christina Garcia , Oliveira Tessya Hyanna Almeida , Rezende Alessandro Teixeira , Figueiredo Camilla Vieira de , Costa Tarciana Sampaio
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: O presente estudo objetivou demonstrar a relação entre a Síndrome do Impostor e a Síndrome de Burnout no contexto de estudo e atuação profissional na área de Enfermagem. Metodologia: Realizou-se um estudo descritivo, de caráter quantitativo e correlacional, do qual participaram 106 pessoas, sendo estas acadêmicos de Enfermagem (60,4%) e profissionais da Enfermagem (39,6%). Estes responderam a Escala de Burnout de Maslach e a Escala Clance do Fenômeno Impostor. Resultados: Constatou-se que os participantes apresentaram escores médios superiores para a Síndrome de Burnout em relação à Síndrome do Impostor. Além disso, observaram-se correlações positivas e significativas entre o fator geral da Síndrome do Impostor e os fatores despersonalização (r = 0,57; p < 0,01) e exaustão emocional (r = 0,44; p < 0,01), característicos da Síndrome de Burnout, bem como com o fator geral de Burnout (r = 0,51; p < 0,01). Conclusão: As síndromes investigadas neste estudo têm implicações significativas para a saúde física e mental dos indivíduos e para o seu bem estar em geral. Confia-se que os resultados obtidos podem direcionar novas investigações sobre a temática e, posteriormente, fundamentar o desenvolvimento de estratégias de intervenção em relação às Síndromes de Burnout e do Impostor no contexto dos profissionais que atuam na saúde.
O protagonismo de usuários em um hospital escola no Amazonas: Percepção acerca da segurança do paciente
Authors: Ramos Rodrigo da Silva , Pina Rizioléia Marina Pinheiro , Neves Joice Claret , Moura Graziela da Silva , Oliveira Hadelândia Milon de
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Identificar o conhecimento de usuários de um hospital escola acerca dos cuidados que contribuem para a segurança do paciente. Método: Estudo descritivo, qualitativo, a coleta de dados ocorreu de dezembro/2018 a janeiro/2019 por meio de um instrumento contendo perguntas fechadas e abertas com 72 pacientes internados nas clínicas Médica e Cirúrgica de um hospital escola. Foram incluídos no estudo usuários de primeira internação com permanência mínima de 24h e maiores de 18 anos. Foram excluídos usuários durante a coleta de dados que estivessem clinicamente instáveis, com rebaixamento do nível de consciência ou com programação de transferência interna ou para outras unidades. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: O termo segurança do paciente era desconhecido para 47(65,3%) dos entrevistados, quanto a identificação do paciente (95,8%) afirmaram que seus nomes eram questionados antes de qualquer procedimento. Após a análise, surgiram três grandes categorias, a saber: “Cuidado e Segurança do paciente”; “Diálogo com a equipe” e “Confirmação dos procedimentos e Confiança”. Conclusão: Infere-se que a cultura de segurança do paciente é pouco compreendida pelos usuários do hospital estudado, o que sugere a necessidade de investimentos por parte dos gestores, além da participação efetiva dos profissionais no processo de empoderamento dos usuários com vistas a reduzir conceitos e percepções equivocadas a acercado cuidado seguro em saúde.
Spatial modeling of mortality from acute lower respiratory infections in children under 5 years of age in 2000–2017: a global study
Authors: Almasi Ali , Reshadat Sohyla , Zangeneh Alireza , Khezeli Mehdi , Teimouri Raziyeh , Rahimi Naderi Samira , Saeidi Shahram
Published: March 2021

Background: Over the past few decades, various goals have been defined to reduce the mortality of children caused by acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) worldwide. However, few spatial studies to date have reported on ALRI deaths.Purpose: We aimed to assess the spatial modeling of mortality from ALRI in children under 5 years of age during 2000–2017 using a global data.Methods: The data on the mortality of children under 5 years old caused by ALRI were initially obtained from the official website of the World Health Organization. The income status of their home countries was also gathered from the Country Income Groups (World Bank Classification) website and divided into 5 categories. After that, in the ArcGIS 10.6 environment, a database was created and the statistical tests and related maps were extracted. The Global Moran’s I statistic, Getis-Ord Gi statistic, and geographically weighted regression were used for the analyses. In this study, higher z scores indicated the hot spots, while lower z scores indicated the cold spots.Results: In 2000–2017, child mortality showed a downward trend from 17.6 per 100,000 children to 8.1 and had a clustered pattern. Hot spots were concentrated in Asia in 2000 but shifted toward African countries by 2017. A cold spot that formed in Europe in 2007 showed an ascending trend by 2017. Based on the results of geographically weighted regression test, the regions identified as the hot spots of mortality from ALRI in children under 5 years old were among the middle-income countries (R2=0.01, adjusted R2=8.77).Conclusion: While the total number of child deaths in 2000– 2017 has decreased, the number of hot spots has increased among countries. This study also concluded that, during the study period, Central and Western Africa countries became the main new hot spots of deaths from ALRI.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOFTWARE EFFORT ESTIMATION USING DATA MINING TECHNIQUE AND FEATURE SELECTION
Authors: Latif Abdul , Fitriana Lady Agustin , Firdaus Muhammad Rifqi
Published: March 2021

Software development involves several interrelated factors that influence development efforts and productivity. Improving the estimation techniques available to project managers will facilitate more effective time and budget control in software development. Software Effort Estimation or software cost/effort estimation can help a software development company to overcome difficulties experienced in estimating software development efforts. This study aims to compare the Machine Learning method of Linear Regression (LR), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Radial Basis Function (RBF), and Decision Tree Random Forest (DTRF) to calculate estimated cost/effort software. Then these five approaches will be tested on a dataset of software development projects as many as 10 dataset projects. So that it can produce new knowledge about what machine learning and non-machine learning methods are the most accurate for estimating software business. As well as knowing between the selection between using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for attributes selection and without PSO, which one can increase the accuracy for software business estimation. The data mining algorithm used to calculate the most optimal software effort estimate is the Linear Regression algorithm with an average RMSE value of 1603,024 for the 10 datasets tested. Then using the PSO feature selection can increase the accuracy or reduce the RMSE average value to 1552,999. The result indicates that, compared with the original regression linear model, the accuracy or error rate of software effort estimation has increased by 3.12% by applying PSO feature selection
DISKUSI MENGENAI ISU STRATEGIS TENTANG KELEMBAGAAN PENGELOLAAN PERBATASAN NEGARA DENGAN PEMERINTAH PROVINSI MALUKU
Authors: Kennedy Posma Sariguna Johnson , L.Tobing Suzanna Josephine , L.Toruan Rutman , Tampubolon Emma
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAK

Diskusi dilakukan dengan beberapa narasumber, yaitu Sekda Provinsi Maluku, Bapeda Provinsi Maluku, Badan Pengelola Perbatasan Provinsi Maluku serta beberapa kelompok masyarakat Maluku di Ambon. Metode yang digunakan adalah diskusi kelompok terarah yang sebagian besar dilaksanakan di Gedung Pusat Pemerintahan Provinsi Maluku. Beberapa permasalahan mendasar dalam pengelolaan perbatasan adalah belum terjalin secara baik mekanisme dan implementasi koordinasi, integrasi, sinkronisasi, dan sinergi program pengelolaan perbatasan nasional baik di tingkat pusat maupun daerah; Ketidakefektifan upaya pengelolaan kelembagaan antar negara dalam mendukung kegiatan lintas batas dan pengelolaan daerah perbatasan dengan negara-negara tetangga; serta terbatasnya sumber daya, infrastruktur pendukung, dan kurangnya sumber daya manusia untuk lembaga pengelola perbatasan. Perlu penguatan kelembagaan, pelatihan sumber daya manusia dan kecukupan penyediaan dana yang dibutuhkan sesuai dengan prioritasnya. Kata kunci:Kelembagaan, Pengelolaan Perbatasan, Perbatasan Negara, Badan Pengelola Perbatasan Negara, Badan Pengelola Perbatasan Daerah.

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this paper is to increase understanding of a problem, with the topic of understanding strategic issues about institutions in managing national borders. The discussion was conducted with several speakers, namely Secretary of Maluku Province, Bapeda Maluku Province, Border Management Agency of Maluku Province, and several Maluku community groups in Ambon.The method used is focus group discussions which are mostly carried out in the Central Government Building of Maluku Province. Some of the fundamental problems in border management are that the mechanism and implementation of coordination, integration, synchronization, and synergy of national border management programs are not well established at the central and regional levels; The ineffectiveness of efforts to manage inter-state institutions in supporting cross-border activities and management of border areas with neighboring countries; and limited resources, supporting infrastructure, and lack of human resources for border management institutions. There needs to be institutional strengthening, training in human resources, and the adequacy of the provision of funds required by its priorities.

Keywords:Institutional, Border Management, StateBorder
Identifikasi Kerusakan pada Gedung Gereja Suara Kebenaran Injil (GSKI Perdatam) di Perdatam, Jakarta Selatan
Authors: Rilatupa James , Simatupang Sahala
Published: March 2021

Abstract

The potential for damage to a building, whether old or relatively new, is very large. Generally, the appearance of the damage that occurs is visible after the building starts operating. This community service aims to predict the value of the construction conditions of the GSKI Perdatam building on Jl. Pengadegan Utara Raya No. 29, Pancoran, South Jakarta. In addition, this PKM is also useful for knowing the cause of the damage to the building components, so that it can help the management of the GSKI Perdatam Building in its maintenance aspects. The method used is to identify the type of damage, both in terms of architecture, construction management and maintenance. Damage to the GSKI Perdatam building occurred in the roof, ceiling, walls, floors, utilities and sanitation components. Damage weight ranges from 10 - 75 percent for each of the damaged components. Most of the damage caused by rainwater seepage. The smallest damage was found in the floor components (10 percent) caused by popping; and the largest in the wall component (75 percent).

Keywords:       damage identification; building components.
PEMERIKSAAN PERTUMBUHAN BADAN SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR (SD) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE ANTROPOMETRI DI DESA ERETAN WETAN-INDRAMAYU
Authors: Rahmawati Fri , Harmiatun Yovita
Published: March 2021

Abstrak

Pertumbuhan merupakan suatu peningkatan ukuran fisik tubuh yang ditunjukkan dengan terjadinya penambahan jumlah dan volume sel baik secara keseluruhan atau sebagian yang dapat diukur. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tubuh, salah satunya adalah faktor lingkungan. Faktor lingkungan yang paling umum dan dapat dimodifikasi adalah makanan. Makanan sebagai sumber nutrisi dan zat pembangun di dalam tubuh. Nutrisi yang tidak seimbang dapat menyebabkan berbagai masalah kesehatan. Oleh karena itu pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PkM) yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui status gizi dari pertumbuhan para siswa Sekolah Dasar (SD) “X” dan ‘Y” di Indramayu dalam rangkaian kegiatan PkM Fakultas Kedokteran-Universitas Kristen Indonesia di Desa Eretan Wetan, Kandanghaur-Indramayu pada tanggal 22 Februari 2020. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode antropometri yaitu pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan, kemudian dari hasil kedua pengukuran tersebut dihitung nilai Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT). Berdasarkan nilai IMT yang diperoleh diketahui bahwa dari 245 siswa ditemukan  60 siswa (24.5%) memiliki status gizi yang bermasalah yaitu mengalami kekurusan dan kegemukan. Pada siswa yang mengalami status gizi yang bermasalah, diketahui sebanyak 46 siswa (76.6%) tergolong kurus dan 14 siswa (23.3%) tergolong gemuk. Oleh karena itu maka perlu dilakukan identifikasi jenis dan ragam makanan yang dikomsumsi oleh siswa SD “X” dan “Y” di Indramayu tersebut, sehingga dapat dilakukan upaya edukasi yang tepat tentang pentingnya mengkonsumsi makanan gizi seimbang pada anak usia sekolah.  

Kata Kunci: Antropometri; Pertumbuhan
Importance of diseases in herbage seed production
Authors: Latch G.C.M.
Published: March 2021

Yield and quality of herbage seed can be affected by many diseases. In New Zealand the most important diseases of grasses are rusts, especially stem rust on ryegrasses, cocksfoot and timothy; head smut of bromes; and ergot of paspalum. Blind-seed disease is of minor importance on ryegrass at present. Clover yield can be affected by rot, scorch and stem nematode. These diseases and others are discussed in relation to changing farming practices, and disease control measures are suggested. Keywords: Herbage seed production, diseases, Puccinia graminis, Ustilago bullata, Claviceps paspali, Gloeotinia temulenta
Practical tree fodder experience during drought
Authors: Olsen A. , Charlton J.F.L.
Published: March 2021

Since the early 1980s willow and poplar trees originally planted for erosion control have been cut and fed to hungry livestock during droughts, with impressive results. This involves shaping trees by cutting them to develop an operating "nest" that enables the farmer to prune regrown branches with greater safety, provided forestry training has been undertaken. More recently, trees have been planted specifically to grow supplementary fodder and some types have performed better than others. The concept is, in our opinion, quite cost-effective and the benefits of growing these trees far outweigh any drawbacks.
The development and plant characteristics of interspecific hybrids between white and caucasian clover
Authors: Widdup K.H. , Hussain S.W. , Williams W.M. , Lowther W.L. , Pryor H.N. , Sutherland B.L.
Published: March 2021

A series of Trifolium ambiguum x T. repens hybrid populations has been developed at the hexaploid (four T. repens and two T. ambiguum genomes) and pentaploid (four T. repens and one T. ambiguum genome) level. When tested for effectiveness of symbiotic nitrogen fixation, the 6x and 5x hybrids nodulated with either T. repens or T. ambiguum strains of rhizobia but only formed an effective N- fixing symbiosis with a mix of T. repens rhizobia strains. When grown in the field, the 6x and 5x hybrid plants had a similar morphology to white clover in that the hybrids grew surface stolons (fewer numbers than white clover) and no underground rhizomes. The advantage of the 6x hybrid was deeper roots and a greater proportion of root, a characteristic considered important for greater drought tolerance and persistence than for white clover. The 6x hybrid indicated 55% of the seed production potential of white clover, but there was large variation between plants in all reproductive traits. The 5x hybrid showed poor levels of seed set. The growth pattern of the 6x hybrids in the field indicated lower herbage yield in the first year but improved performance compared with white clover into the second year. At this early stage, the hybrid breeding populations consist of unselected and novel hybrid combinations. Variations in growth and reproductive characteristics exist between hybrid plants, thus providing scope for improvement through selection and breeding. Key words: caucasian clover, interspecific hybrid, morphology, nitrogen fixation, seed production, white clover
Seed production issues that limit supplies or result in high market prices of dryland legume species
Authors: Rolston M.P.
Published: March 2021

A barrier to the adoption of many dryland legumes by grassland farmers is the lack of supply and/or the high price of seed. Growers face a number of problems in growing dryland legumes for seed, including a high risk of crop failure; alternatives such as wheat, barley and perennial ryegrass seed are lower risk crops. Gross margins for legume seed crops (including white clover) indicate that they have low profitability, at present prices if yields are average. Pollination remains a serious limitation to production, especially for dryland crops that are not well pollinated by honeybees. Both internationally and in New Zealand there has been a major decline in seed production research in the last decade, and little new research has been published on seed production of a range of dryland legumes. Seed production issues limiting yield in a range of dryland seed crops in New Zealand are identified. The paper concludes with suggestions that may help overcome some of these limitations. Key words: economics, lucerne, production constraints, red clover, white clover
Formononetin in clovers as a feeding deterrent against clover root weevil
Authors: Gerard Crush , Rasmussen S.
Published: March 2021

The effect of leaf feeding by adult clover root weevils on the isoflavonoid content of red and white clovers was investigated in a glasshouse experiment. Lines of both clovers previously selected for variation in formononetin content were used. A higher percentage of white clover leaves than red clover leaves were damaged by the weevils, and the high formononetin red clover was least readily eaten. The formononetin content of the white clovers did not differ between the selections, was much lower than in the red clovers, and did not change in response to weevil feeding. In both red clover lines, formononetin and biochaninA levels rose in response to weevil feeding, suggesting that both compounds have antifeedant properties against clover root weevil. Because high foliar levels of oestrogenic compounds like formononetin threaten fertility of grazing sheep it is concluded that plant breeding programmes should increase the levels of formononetin and/or biochaninA in clover roots to mitigate the impact of weevil larval feeding on roots and nodules.
Phenotyping and pattern analysis of key root morphological traits in a white clover mapping population.
Authors: Jahufer Mzz , Care D.A. , Nichols S.N. , Crush J.R. , Dunn L.I. Ouyang , Ford J.L. , Griffiths A.G. , Jones C.G. , Jones C.S.
Published: March 2021

Application of molecular marker technology to identify Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) associated with key root traits is expected to enhance white clover breeding programmes, to improve characteristics such as increased efficiency in phosphorous (P) uptake and summer moisture stress tolerance. The phenotypic diversity for a range of root morphological traits among 500 mapping family (F1) progeny was characterised using plants grown hydroponically. The root traits measured were: dry weight, length, surface area, diameter, volume, numbers of root tips and root forks. Variance component analysis indicated significant (P
Cold stress in white clover - An integrated view of metabolome and transcriptome responses
Authors: Xue Rasmussen , Lane G.
Published: March 2021

We have studied metabolic and gene expression responses of two white clover genotypes differing in foliar basal flavonol and anthocyanin levels subjected to moderate cold in a controlled climate chamber experiment. The main flavonols and anthocyanins accumulating in white clover leaves are conjugated to galactose and xylose. Concentrations of flavonoids and sugars including starch significantly increased during cold treatment and a strong induction of flavonoid pathway genes was observed in both genotypes. Specific sugars like glucose, fructose, and starch were significantly higher in the genotype with low basal flavonoid levels. By combining metabolic and gene expression analysis we have identified two genes probably involved in the conjugation and deconjugation of flavonoids, a flavonoid galactosyltransferase and a Î²- galactosidase. The selected flavonoid galactosyltransferase was up-regulated by cold treatment and was also expressed at higher levels in the red leaved genotype. The Î²- galactosidase studied here was down-regulated by cold and expressed less in the red leaved genotype. These results indicate a tight link between primary and secondary metabolism in clover and demonstrate the value of combined metabolome and transcriptome analysis for the identification of specific gene functions.
Protoplast isolation, colony formation and shoot regeneration from Lolium perenne
Authors: Raikar S.V. , Christey M.C. , Braun A.J. Conner , Bryant C.
Published: March 2021

Lolium perenne (ryegrass) is the most widely sown pasture grass in New Zealand providing forage for millions of sheep and cattle. Genetic improvement of Lolium species through conventional breeding has been particularly difficult because of its outbreeding and heterozygous nature. Biotechnology techniques that are not based on genetic modification technology, such as protoplast fusion, could help in the breeding of L. perenne as it enables the introgression of DNA (and associated desirable traits) from other species of plants that are otherwise unobtainable by conventional means. We intend to adapt this technology for L. perenne and report on our progress with the isolation of protoplasts, micro colony and callus formation, and shoot regeneration. Friable callus was induced from L. perenne seeds and used for isolation of protoplasts. After testing several combinations of enzyme mixtures at different molarities, a high yield of protoplasts (1.1 Ã— 107 g-1 FW) with a viability of 82% has been obtained. Callus colonies were formed from protoplasts cultured on a nitrocellulose membrane over a feeder layer. Plating efficiencies of 0.1-0.2% were obtained. Regeneration of plantlets from these colonies were obtained on Linsmaier and Skoog medium supplemented with growth hormones. All the plants regenerated to date have an albino appearance.
At the root of it all: a QTL analysis of root distribution in perennial ryegrass
Authors: Faville M.J. , Crush J.R. , Easton H.S.
Published: March 2021

Perennial ryegrass is the key forage component in pasture systems in New Zealand, Australia and Europe, and is typically characterised by a shallow root system. Breeding for a deeper root profile is desirable, as root depth influences drought tolerance, anchoring of plants against removal by grazing animals, and nutrient capture. Difficulties associated with conventional selection for root traits may be alleviated by developing marker-assisted selection (MAS) tools, the first stage of which is the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL). The objective here was to detect QTL influencing vertical root distribution in ryegrass. A root distribution ratio, RTD, was measured in a replicated mapping population (n=188) grown in sand-filled tubes. Six QTL for RTD were detected on five linkage groups, individually accounting for 4 - 18% of phenotypic variation in this trait. In silico comparative analysis indicated colinearity between ryegrass RTD QTL and QTL for root traits in the rice genome. To enrich marker density specifically at RTD QTL, comparative information was used to develop sequence-tagged site (STS) markers from rice genome-aligned ryegrass expressed sequence tags, with, thus far, STS markers ppt014 and ppt019 successfully targeted to QTL qRTD-3.2 and qRTD-6, respectively. This investigation represents the first step towards developing a MAS strategy for improved root distribution and, subsequently, perennial ryegrass cultivars with superior persistence and environmental performance.
Chemical Manipulation of Grass Seed Crops
Authors: Hampton J.G. , Clemence T.G.A. , Mccloy B.L.
Published: March 2021

The seed yield potential established at anthesis in grass seed crops is usually 5-10 times greater than actual seed yields realised at harvest. Losses in seed yield between anthesis and harvest result primarily from the death of fertile tillers and poor seed site utilisation. Lodging has been identified as one of the most important factors reducing seed yields, and the use of growth retardants has significantly increased seed yield in perennial ryegrass and tall fescue. The effects of the growth retardant paclobutrazol on the growth, development and seed yield of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) are presented and discussed. Little is known of the effects of leaf and stem diseases on grass seed yields. Recent research has found that fungicide application can substantially increase seed yield in perennial ryegrass through delaying senescence of leaf tissue. Increased leaf area duration is associated with a reduction in seed abortion, resulting in more seeds per spikelet at harvest. The possibilities for fungicide use in the crop are discussed. Keywords: Seed production, grasses, fertile tillers, seed abortion, growth retardants, paclobutrazol, fungicide, senescence.
TALL FESCUE
Authors: Brown K.R. , Ritchie D. , Lill C.
Published: March 2021

Roa tall fescue was bred by Grasslands Division for high summer productivity and drought tolerance.. By following the principles outlined, specialist growers are able to achieve machine dressed seed yields of over 600 kg ha-l; seed yields of over 1000 kg ha" have been recorded.
DISEASES AND PESTS OF GRASS SEED CROPS
Authors: Falloon R.E.
Published: March 2021

This paper will discuss the diseases and pests that affect grass seed production. In order to put the diseases and pests into perspective, the principlesof grass seed production will be considered. The components of yield of any crop for which seed is the product are: number of plants per unit area; number of inflorescences per plant; number of seeds per inflorescence; seed weight, Many factors can influence these components, for example: (1) crop establishment (cultivation, seed quality, seeding rate, sowing time, soil moisture and fertility can all affect numbers of plants) (2) crop growth (soil moisture, fertility, grazing and weeds can affect crop growth and influence numbers of inflorescences and numbers and weight of seeds).
Differences in resource allocation to stolon branches of Kopu white clover genotypes induced by manipulation of rooting
Authors: LÃ£-Tscher M. , Hay M.J.M.
Published: March 2021

White clover (Trifolium repens L.) genotypes of the cv. Grasslands Kopu which had differing numbers of vascular bundles within their stolons were tested for potential for resource sharing between shoot branches on either side of parent axis. Genotypes with a high (10-13) number of vascular bundles (H-genotypes) had larger leaves, thicker stolons but lower node appearance rates than genotypes with a low (8-9) number of vascular bundles (L-genotypes). In the first experiment all roots on one side of the parent axis were severed two days before plants were labelled with 32P (uptake period 24 h). In H-genotypes, distribution of radioactive phosphorus (32P) exported from a nodal root was restricted largely to near-side branches, i.e. branches which were on the same side of the parent axis as the source root, with only 4% allocated to far-side branches. In contrast about 20% of 32P exported from the source root was transported to far-side branches in L-genotypes. In the second experiment, where all far-side roots were severed three weeks before harvest, growth of far-side branches was similarly reduced in L-genotypes and Hgenotypes. When root formation along one side of the parent axis was prevented during the entire experimental period the mean ratio of total dry weight between nearand far-side branches was higher in H-genotypes compared to L-genotypes. Keywords: branch development, nutrient distribution, phosphorus, vascular bundle, white clover, Trifolium repens L.
Value and potential of white clover for sheep production
Authors: Gardyne Graeme
Published: March 2021

The Gardyne Family farm a 710 hectare property at Chatton near Gore in Southland. The property is intensively farmed with 9,375 stock units, sheep and beef being carried at rates of 17.5 su/ha on the cropping property and 12.5 su/ha on the Pyramid Hill grazing property. White clover is the key to animal, crop and herbage production supplying nitrogen for highly productive pastures, building organic matter levels for the cropping rotation, and providing very high quality feed for finishing young stock. Management techniques to maximise clover production are essential and include: (i) use of adequate P, K and S fertiliser to ensure Olsen P levels above 20, (ii) set stocking the grazing block from lambing to weaning to generate maximum clover yields, (iii) returning older grass dominant pastures to cropping to harvest the fertility build up and restore a clover-dominant pasture, and (iv) maintaining adequate pasture cover to allow the pasture plants to express their potential. The Gardyne family use and experience the benefits of the regionally bred Grasslands Demand white clover on their property. Establishment of new cultivars is discussed, and suggestions made for further research. Keywords: beef, cropping, fertiliser, Grasslands Demand, pasture establishment, pasture management, sheep, Southland, stocking rates, white clover
Consolidated summary of key points from the Ryegrass Endophyte Symposium: a farm consultant's perspective
Authors: Brown Colin
Published: March 2021

Background on endophytes Endophyte is a fungus, which exists inside individual ryegrass plants, and reproduces through infecting ryegrass seed. Endophytes are very widespread in New Zealand pastures, being present in 70% of ryegrass tillers in Southland, and 99% in the upper North Island. The presence of endophyte confers benefits to the host ryegrass plant, inhibiting its susceptibility to grazing by: â€¢ domestic animals. â€¢ above ground insects, particularly. (a) Argentine stem weevil (b) Black beetles (c) Mealy bug. General awareness of its existence, and understanding of its role, began in the 1980s, and is still expanding. Knowledge of its existence and impacts now allow us to better explain the reasons for "inexplicable" results from scientific trials before 1980. It may also be a prime cause of summer "ill thrift". The endophyte responsible for ryegrass staggers in cattle, sheep, deer and horses occurs in perennial ryegrass and some hybrid ryegrass plants. Endophytes that have toxic effects on grazing animals also occur in other grass species, for example, the endophyte in roadside tall fescue that causes "fescue foot". However, commercial cultivars of tall fescue sold in New Zealand do not contain toxic endophyte.
Selected endophyte: seed industry intentions
Authors: Green W. , McKenzie J.
Published: March 2021

Perennial ryegrassâ€¦
Effects of seasonality and feed quality on the feed requirements and live weight gain of young deer - a review
Authors: Stevens D.R. , Webster J.R. , Corson I.D.
Published: March 2021

Red deer are a species that exhibit marked seasonal cycles in reproduction and growth in response to changes in day length. Changes in food intake throughout the year are primarily a function of the changing drive to grow within the animal in response to changing photoperiod, but may be modified by other factors including the energy content and type of diet, climate, and the physiological state and age of the animal. Feed quality also changes with season and red deer change their response to quality between seasons. This may be based on diet selection or on changes in digestive and metabolic processes. Keywords: feed quality, red deer, seasonality
Endangered Mexico: An Environment on the Edge
Authors: Simon Joel
Published: March 2021

In this work, the author makes it clear that there is more to Mexico's environment than city smog. This book gives an account of the whole range of environmental problems which face Mexico's people, from tourist development to oil spills and land exhaustion.
Elizabeth Smith and Varieties of Ascent
Authors: Vardy Alan
Published: March 2021

After her premature death at 29, the friends of Elizabeth Smith published her translations of Klopstock and the Book of Job, along with a collection of her own writing, Fragments in Prose and Verse by a Young Lady Recently Deceased. This flurry of publication marked both the passing of a little-known genius, and the inconsolable sense of loss she left in her wake. The morbidity at the heart of these editorial choices is in sharp contrast to Smith's prodigious reputation as a fell walker. This essay examines her vitality and fearlessness, by considering her friend Thomas Wilkinson's account of her ascent of the Langdale Pikes, and her own descriptions of ascending Snowdon and Airy Force. Contrasting these scenes with the image of the beautiful autodidact writing and wasting away from consumption reveals a set of apparent psychosocial contradictions between Smith's status as a rising star in a pious Bluestocking network and her sheer physical prowess as a climber.
Implementasi Kendali Tegangan Lup Tertutup Buck Converter dengan Arduino Mega
Authors: Masramdhani Saputra  , Fadlika Irham , Djulihenanto Saddani
Published: March 2021

One type of power converter that is widely applied in the field of renewable energy is DC-DC Converter. In various application cases, voltage control features are often required. One of the challenges is how to build a closed loop controller to control the output voltage of the DC-DC Converter. In this journal, an Arduino Mega based output voltage controller will be implemented. The type of voltage controller implemented is the PI controller with the consideration that the controller has been well-known tested and mathematically proven. The PI controller is set based on closed loop block diagram calculations with the Buck Converter as the main plant. The implementation of the PI controller on the Arduino Mega is based on the expected transient response settings. PI controller was successfully implemented in this study. The experimental results show that, the controller can maintain its voltage along with changes, both source and load voltage. Thus, it can be concluded that the Arduino Mega board can work well in closed loop applications for power converter control
Analisis Performance Jangka Pendek Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya dengan Sistem Stand-alone System
Authors: Ananto Rhezal Agung , Santoso Asfari Hariz
Published: March 2021

Renewable energy power generation technology continues to develop every year and energy demand continues to increase. Reducing carbon emissions in accordance with international carbon emission policies (including Indonesia). The renewable energy target is targeted to increase every year in accordance with the national renewable energy mix policy. Renewable energy has characteristics that fluctuate over time, so continuous measurement data is needed. This data is used for the design of renewable energy in Indonesia in the future. To analyze the performance of a solar power plant, measurement variables are needed. Photovoltaic analysis requires measurement of variable voltage, current, power and energy. Measurement variables are measurement variables from photovoltaic and measurement variables from solar energy. The measurement of solar energy is measured in Watts per square meter. The measurement method is a direct measurement in the territory of Indonesia. The measurement method is the measurement at sunrise to sunset. The measurement results are used for performance analysis. The measurements result are used for photovoltaic efficiency analysis.
Театр как «образ жизни» человека с инвалидностью: антропологические наблюден
Authors: Торлопова Любовь Андреевна
Published: March 2021

В статье на основании пилотного исследования методом кейс стади прослеживаются связи инвалидности с искусством: какой путь проходит человек с инвалидностью, стремясь к театральному творчеству? Ответ на этот вопрос строится через попытку рассмотреть жизнь человека с инвалидностью как своеобразную социальную драму, и увидеть то, какие трансформации происходят при взаимодействии реальных жизней с реальным театром. Контекст привычного нам театра смещается от формата выдуманных персонажей и их историй, упакованных в рамки воображаемого мира одного автора, в сторону персонажей, со-творящих художественный проект реалистичными деталями своих индивидуальных жизненных нарративов. Это становится возможным благодаря феномену социального театра. Он, как и его форма – инклюзивный театр, вмещает в себя, помимо эстетической составляющей, иную иерархию – горизонтальную, где каждый участник – творец на равных, имеющий свои зоны ответственности. Образ инклюзивного театра раскрывается на конкретном примере крупного российского проекта «Инклюзион», работающего в семи городах России. На Новосибирском кейсе этой сети театральных школ иллюстрируется, какие ценности позиционируются артистами с инвалидностью как те, что делают жизнь человека «наполненной», несмотря на «ограниченные возможности».
Based on a pilot study, the article traces the links between disability and art: what path does a person with a disability take on the way to theatrical creativity? The answer to this question is built through an attempt to consider the life of a person with a disability as a kind of social drama, and to see what transformations occur when real lives interact with real theatre. The usual context of a theatre is shifting from the format of fictional characters and their stories, packed in the framework of the imaginary world of one author, towards characters who co-create an artistic project with realistic details of their individual life narratives. This is made possible by the phenomenon of social theater. Social and inclusive theater contains, in addition to the aesthetic component, a horizontal hierarchy, where each participant is a creator on an equal footing, with his/her own areas of responsibility. The image of an inclusive theater is revealed in the article on the concrete example of the big Russian project “Incluzion”, which works in seven cities of Russia. The Novosibirsk case of a theater network demonstrates which values are positioned by artists with disabilities as those that make a person’s life “fulfilled”, despite “limited opportunities”.
«Ужасные истории»: воспоминания бывших воспитанников детского дома-интерната для детей с умственной отсталостью о своем детстве
Authors: Алтухова Анна Николаевна
Published: March 2021

Статья посвящена специфическому нарративному жанру «ужасные истории», его прагматике и значению. Используя концепцию «жалость на экспорт», предложенную Маргаритой Астоянц (Астоянц 2006), автор на материалах биографических интервью с выпускниками интернатных учреждений для умственно отсталых, ставших участниками проекта сопровождаемого проживания, исследует стратегии выстраивания нарративной идентичности информантов в коммуникации с интервьюером. Анализ демонстрирует, что фрейм биографического интервью, участники которого занимают крайне различное социальное положение, вызывает к жизни определенную стратегию – демонстрацию в первую очередь уникального и экстремального опыта. Так, информанты обращались к историям об «ужасах» детского дома-интерната или психоневрологического интерната, где они жили после достижения восемнадцати лет, создавая драматические повествования о насилии в учреждениях и принудительном психиатрическом лечении. Цель данной стратегии – вызывать у слушателя интерес, уважение или сочувствие, которое в крайнем случае может обрести форму просьбы о помощи или желания получить некоторую выгоду. Помимо этого, «ужасные истории» оказываются для людей, имеющих на нынешний момент статус опекаемых, способом заявить о собственной агентности и субъектности, корни которых информанты обнаруживают еще в детстве, наполненном насилием и невзгодами.
The article is devoted to the specific narrative genre "horrible stories" which is used by deinstitutionalized adults with learning disabilities. Most of the stories revolve around several common «traumatic» subjects which can be divided into two groups: horrible life in the family before institutionalization and gruesome life inside the institution (orphanages for children and adults). In this paper I analyze these narratives to show how, in the context of an interview, which reveals extremely different social statuses of its participants, these adults reconstruct their «traumatic» past and build their identities using a special narrative strategy – the demonstration of extremely extraordinary experiences. The purpose of this strategy is to arouse listener’s interest, respect, or empathy and it is a way to ask for help or some benefit, on the other hand this strategy allows them to declare their own agency by demonstrating intensive efforts to defend their subjectivity back in childhood.