bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Pathya-Apathya in the management of Prameha (Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus)
Authors: Tejaswini Lohar  , Madhusudan Kulkarni
Published: January 2025

Diabetes mellitus is one among the metabolic disease caused by environmental factors such as obesity, unsatisfactory diet, sedentary lifestyle, increasing urbanisation and economic development as well as genetic factors, which is characterized by hyperglycemia, insulin resistance or relative insulin deficiency. According to WHO about 422 million people worldwide have diabetes and In India, there are estimated 77 million people above the age of 18 years are suffering from diabetes (type 2). In Ayurveda it can be correlated to Prameha by its clinical manifestation, which is caused due to Kapha Vardhaka Ahara and Vihara leading to vitiation of Meda, Mamsa and Kleda further leading to manifestation of Prameha. Materials and Methods: In this article with the support of both Ayurvedic and modern literature the information about the role of Pathya Sevana and avoiding Apathya Ahara Vihara in Prameha is dealt. Result: Prameha occurs by derangement of Kapha Pradhana Tridosha and Dasha Dushya where as in Sthula Pramehi the dominance of Kapha Meda Kleda Dushti has occurred so there needs application of Chikitsasutra mentioned by Acharya Sushruta says -  स्थूलम अपतर्पनयुक्ताभि:| Apatarpana Chikitsa  along with Pathya Sevana and avoiding Apathya Ahara and Vihara. Discussion: The majority of the Pathya in Prameha possesses Kapha Medohara, Tikta Kashaya Katu Rasa, Laghu Ruksa Guna, Ushna Veerya and Katu Vipaka properties which restores normal physiology of Prameha.
Ayurvedic perspective on Cancer: Conceptualization and Treatment
Authors: Mohamed Muzzammel S  , Bhumika S  , Dhivyashri S
Published: January 2025

Cancer, a multifactorial disease, continues to challenge modern medicine despite decades of research. Ayurveda, the ancient Indian system of medicine, presents a holistic approach to understanding and managing cancer by viewing it as a disorder of the Doshas (bodily humors), Dhatus (tissues), and Srotas (channels). This review explores how cancer can be interpreted through two key pathological states in Ayurveda, Dhatu Kshaya (tissue depletion) and Ojo Kshaya (vitality depletion), which lead to imbalances in the body’s homeostasis. By correlating cancer with conditions such as Srotoavarodha (blockage of channels) and Agnimandhya (suppressed digestive fire), this paper sheds light on Ayurvedic perspectives on carcinogenesis, metastasis, and therapeutic approaches like Virechana (purgation therapy). The review also discusses modern cancer pathophysiology and its correlation with Ayurveda, highlighting how integrative therapies can be used for effective cancer management.
Satvavajaya - An Emerging Boon to Combat Stress
Authors: Anjnee Bijlwan  , Sharad Karande
Published: January 2025

The unforgiving pace and complexity in today’s life is greatly challenging our ability to live healthier and fully in the present era. Today the world we live is full of competition and frustration to achieve the desired, leading to emotional stress and strain which adversely affects our physical, mental, social and spiritual health too. As per Acharya Charaka, Chinta (stress) and Ati-Chintanam (overthinking) are the causes of Rasovaha Srotodushti which ultimately become the aetiological factor for many of the diseases. Prolonged or inadequate response to stressors can impair the growth and development of the human body resulting in endocrine, metabolic, autoimmune, and psychological disorders. Number of research shows that untreated chronic stress results in serious health conditions, while finding positive and healthy means to manage it, may reduce the risks. In Ayurveda along with Panchakarma techniques like Shirodhara, Abhyanga etc., Medhya Rasayanas like Shankhpushpi, Brahmi etc., Satvavjaya Chikitsa plays an important role in the management of many mental ailments including stress. The word Satvavjaya constitutes of two words Satva meaning consciousness or mind and Avjaya meaning to conquer or win over. It aims to control mind (Manonigraha) and to restrain it from unwholesome thoughts or perceptions (Ahita Arthas). It is a unique non pharmacological treatment modality which adopts a comprehensive psychosomatic-spiritual approach to maintain the normalcy of mental health. Among all available techniques prevailing for control over mind, yoga offers one of the best methods as it stresses over Chittavritti Nirodha (control of mind from stressful thoughts).
Critical Approach on Niragni Sweda
Authors: Preethu S  , Udaya Ganesha B  , Deepashree HP
Published: January 2025

Swedana (Sudation) is the process of inducing sweat through various methods. It can be done generally to the whole body and also can be localized to specific part of the body only. For example Bashpa Sweda (Person made to sit in the steam chamber and made to perspire) can be done to the whole body whereas Nadi Sweda (steam is passed through a tubular structure and sudation is done over specific part of the body) can be done to a specific part only where there is pain, etc. It’s of two types namely Sagni Swedana (sudation with fire) and Niragni Swedana (sudation without fire). Niragni Swedana is performed without the help of fire. It’s a type of Swedana (Sudation) where indirect involvement of heat is present. It has wide range of applicability where it can be used in healthy individual and diseased also. It is a procedure which acts as both purificatory therapy and palliative therapy. Niragni Sweda (sudation without fire) can be employed in all age groups right from neonates to the old age respectively. According to Acharya Charaka, Acharya Sushruta, Acharya Vagbhata & other Acharyas it’s of various types such as Vyayama, Ushnasadana, Gurupravarana, etc. These measures can be easily followed regularly compared to Sagni Swedana.
A pharmacodynamic study of Charaka Vishaghna Mahakashaya with its correlation with anti-oxidant activity
Authors: Tanvi Gusain  , Brijendra Singh Tomar  , Satbir Kumar Chawla
Published: January 2025

Background: Free radicals are by products of normal cellular metabolism. A balance of free radicals and antioxidants is required for proper physiological functioning. The balance between the production of free radicals and antioxidant defences in the body has important health implications. Aim & objective: to study the pharmacodynamics of Vishaghna Mahakashaya & the probable mode of action through which it can act as antioxidant.  Discussion: Vishaghna Mahakashaya includes 10 individual drugs which might act as Vishaghna. Vishaghna property can be understood as the property to act against Visha. Rasapanchaka of the Vishaghna Mahakashaya are predominantly Madhura, Tikta & Kashaya Rasa, Laghu & Ruksha Guna, Ushna Virya & Katu Vipaka and proved the concept of Vipritarthkari Chikitsa of Visha. Conclusion: Vishaghna Mahakashaya can have potential antioxidant activity. And can play an important role in counteracting the excess free radical. Further studies can be conducted to study its role as antioxidant.
Kushtha in Ayurveda a comprehensive study
Authors: Neha Bishnoi  , Man Mohan Sharma  , Ved Prakash  , Suman Meena
Published: January 2025

The skin is the most visible and presentable part of the body, playing a significant role in one’s personality. It acts as a mirror, reflecting internal health conditions. As the largest organ of the body, the skin covers a surface area of about 1.8 square meters and accounts for approximately 18% of total body weight. Skin diseases, while manifesting physically, often lead to significant psychological distress, causing discomfort, disfigurement, disability, and in some cases, even death. Changes in skin color are frequently indicative of homeostatic imbalances within the body. The health of the skin is influenced by a variety of interrelated factors, including nutrition, hygiene, circulation, age, immunity, genetic predispositions, psychological state, and medication use. In modern society, the prevalence of fast food consumption and irregular sleep patterns has contributed to the emergence of "Viruddha Aahara Janya Vyadhi," or diseases caused by incompatible dietary habits. As a result, a significant portion of the population experiences skin problems. The skin is considered a combination of the five great elements (Pancha Mahabhutas), with Vayu (air) being the most significant. Sparsh Pareeksha (examination by touch) is also included as one of the eight diagnostic tools in Ashtavidha Pareeksha. Common skin conditions like eczema, acne, blisters, melanoma, age spots, and pemphigus are discussed under the broader category of Kushtha in Ayurvedic literature. All forms of Kushtha are classified into two categories: Maha Kushthas (major skin diseases) and Kshudra Kushthas (minor skin diseases).
Jamun: An Alchemy Botanical
Authors: Payaam Vohra  , Kundan Redekar  , Sakshi Pawar  , Vaishali Patil
Published: January 2025

Plants have provided mankind with herbal cosmetics for many centuries and their utilization has been continuously increasing over the time. Syzygium cumini belonging to the family Myrtaceae commonly known as Eugenia jambolana is rich in phytochemicals. Jamun or Black Plum, is indigenous to the Indian subcontinent including countries such as Sri Lanka, Nepal, Pakistan. The tree flourishes in tropical and subtropical climates, often growing in forests, riverbanks and open fields. The investigations on the cosmetic values of jamun that have been conducted recently are the main topic of this review. These formulations of Jamun are characterized by incorporation of beneficial properties such as anti-aging, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, and also reduce photoaging. Key phytoconstituents include tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, phenolic acid and Essential oils. Syzygium cumini exhibits both Pharmacological and Ayurvedic benefits, providing a valuable component in cosmetic formulations. According to literature review and various research studies Syzygium cumini (leaf) and (seed) oils showed anticollagenase, anti-elastase and anti-hyaluronidase activities. Thus S. cumini oils should be considered for cosmetic preparations for the manifestation of healthy skin. Jamun can bring a paradigm shift in the cosmetic as well as cosmeceutical industry.
A clinical case study of successful management of Shataru Kushta through Daivavyapashraya and Yuktivyapashraya Chikitsa
Authors: Tejas Bharadwaj BA  , Ranjitha
Published: January 2025

Ayurveda classifies Chikitsa into Daivavyapashraya Chikitsa and Yuktivyapashraya Chikitsa.[1] Shataru is one among the eighteen types of Kshudra Kushta and is characterized by reddish-black discoloration, burning sensation, pain, and multiple wounds.[2] Khadira (Acacia catechu) is the best Dravya /drug for the pacification of Kushta.[3] By using Khadira (Acacia catechu) in the form of Pralepa (external application of Khadira in the form of paste.), Udvartana (dusting and rubbing of Khadira Churna on the lesion), Snana (for bathing), Paana (drinking), and Bhojana (eating) all types of Kushta/ Twak Roga’s get pacified.[4] As a part of Daivavyapashraya Chikitsa for Kushta, Bhaskara Aradhana (Worship of Surya Bhagavan) and worship of Shivasuta namely Bhagavan Kumara is mentioned by Acharya Vagbhata.[5] Thus, in the present case study, Shataru Kushta was successfully treated through Bhaskara and Kumara Aradhana, which constituted the Daivavyapashraya Chikitsa and Khadira Dravya was administered in various modes as a part of Yuktivyapashraya Chikitsa.
Management of Radial Nerve Palsy w.s.r. to Ekangavata and Marmaghat - A Case Study
Authors: Manjushri Kharat  , Shital Antapurkar
Published: January 2025

Nervous disorders occurs due to imbalance of Vata Dosha. Acharyas considered nerve impulses to be kind of air travelling through the body. Vata Dosha is responsible for sensory & motor functions of body. In Ayurveda, various nervous disorders and their symptoms are not clumped under heading of single disease, rather they are described as types of Vata Vyadhi. Among nervous disorders, peripheral nerve injuries are most commonly encountered in day-to-day practice. One of the commonest peripheral nerves to be injured is Radial nerve. Radial nerve palsy is condition caused due to injury to radial nerve which leads to wrist drop and functional disabilities, In the present case scenario radial nerve is damaged due to compression of radial nerve as a result of prolonged pressure on arm and systemic condition like Diabetes. In the context of Ayurveda, the underlying cause of Radial nerve palsy is often attributed to aggravation of Vata Dosha. Acharya Charaka and Madhavkara mentioned features of Ekangavata characterized by localized paralysis or monoplegia. All etiological factors and manifestation of Ekangavata are quite resembling with radial nerve palsy. Hence, we can correlate Ekangavata with Radial nerve palsy. Another important etiological aspect regarding radial nerve palsy which needs to explore is Marmaghata. We have noticed that, in this case Bahavi Marma and Aani Marma are more prone for the injury, which might have led to the complaints of wrist drop and functional disabilities. we treated this case successfully with Upanah Swedan, Balya, Vatashamak and Pramehaghna Chikitsa.
Overview of Sthaulya (Obesity) management In Ayurveda
Authors: Yashvant Kumar  , Pravin Kumar Joshi  , Harsha Patel  , Kumar Vikram Sahu  , Geetu Rathour
Published: January 2025

Globally, there is a greater correlation between overweight and obesity and mortality than underweight. An epidemic-like chronic health issue that affects people all around the world is obesity. Over 135 million people in India suffered from obesity. In Sthaulya, a Dushya dominant condition, there is an excess of Medodhatu production due to Medodhatvagni Mandya, which leads to obesity. One of the main diseases of the modern period is obesity. According to the World Health Organisation, obesity is one of the most ignored public health issues that impact people of all ages worldwide. The primary causes of obesity include sedentary lifestyles, increased fast food consumption, and decreased physical activity. In Ayurveda, numerous Acharyas have described Sthaulya (Obesity), which is attributed to Santarpanajanya Vyadhi.[1] Numerous medicinal preparations, medications, including Pathya-Apathya, Dinacharya, Yogasana, and are detailed in Ayurvedic texts and have been shown to significantly reduce and prevent this worldwide problem. An attempt has been made to examine obesity from both an Ayurvedic and a modern perspective, as well as to determine whether Ayurveda offers any plausible remedies for obesity. This article sheds light on the classification, etiopathology of Sthaulya, including its signs and symptoms, therapeutic care using medication, and preventive measures like Nidan Parivarjan, Pathya-Apathya, and Dinacharya, Apatarpan Chikitsa etc. should be done.
Rational nature use as a methodological resource in choosing the optimal subject of legal affiliation of natural resources
Authors:   Mikhail M. Brinchuk Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography (MIIGAiK), Brinchuk Mikhail M.
Published: January 2025

В статье исследуются актуальные вопросы доктрины и права, касающиеся рационального природопользования. Выделяются специфические признаки рационального природопользования, имеющие особое значение для обоснования оптимальной формы права собственности на землю и другие природные ресурсы.
Justice as a form of implementation of judicial power in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Royal М. Amralyev Rostov State Economic University (RINH), Amralyev Royal М.
Published: January 2025

В статье анализируются различные точки зрения авторов как советского, так и современного периода развития науки конституционного права на определение понятия и сущности правосудия, анализируется роль суда в конституционно-правовом механизме осуществления правосудия, определяется основная цель правосудия, состоящая в обеспечении принципа приоритета для государства человека и его прав и свобод, выявляются классификации форм правосудия. Автором проанализированы нормы Конституции РФ 1993 года, а также Федерального закона «О судебной системе Российской Федерации», выступающие основами для понимания сущности современной концепции законодательного регулирования и осуществления правосудия в Российской Федерации.
Features of the search, inspection and seizure of a lawyer (Article 450.1 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation)
Authors:   George V. Abshilava Ulyanovsk State University, Abshilava George V.
Published: January 2025

Конституционное право граждан Российской Федерации на квалифицированную юридическую помощь может быть реализовано только посредством ее оказания независимыми и компетентными советниками по правовым вопросам, которыми по праву признаны адвокаты. В то же время реализация данного права и такие правовые установки, как независимость адвоката в области производства по уголовному делу в современном судопроизводстве, требование защиты адвокатской тайны представляются уязвимыми в осуществлении уголовного преследования полномочными должностными лицами и орга-нами, в том числе производства следственных действий в отношении адвоката. Дополнение действующего уголовно-процессуального законодательства новой нормой (статьёй 450.1) свидетельствует о необходимости установления новых, дополнительных гарантий независимости участия адвоката в производстве по уголовному делу. Новеллы относятся к более подробной процедуре получения судебного согласия на производство обыска, осмотра и (или выемки) в отношении адвоката. Кроме того, установлен запрет копирования или иного дублирования предметов и документов, которые изымаются или обнаруживаются при производстве перечисленных следственных действий. Весомой гарантией законности проведения следственных действий в отношении адвоката следует считать присутствие представителя адвокатского сообщества. В настоящей статье анализируются проблемы теоретического и практического порядка, которые могут возникнуть и встречаются при производстве обыска, осмотра и (или) выемки в отношении адвоката, а также предлагается ряд рекомендаций по совершенствованию процессуального порядка данных следственных действий.
Constitutional principles of civil society in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Saida E. Denikayeva Dagestan State University, Denikayeva Saida E. , Abdurazakova Patimat D. ,   Patimat D. Abdurazakova Dagestan State University
Published: January 2025

Рассматривая идеи автономии и независимости гражданского общества, автором особое внимание уделено ее правовой регламентации, которая, с одной стороны, придает институтам гражданского общества юридико-институциональную форму, а, с другой – выступает фактором сдерживания чрезмерного государственного влияния и давления, устанавливая четкие критерии и границы такого влияния. Отмечается, что сдерживающие возможности права напрямую связаны с конституционным форматом регламентации и вытекает из сущности основного закона, как формы сдерживания чрезмерных притязаний институтов публичной власти. Предлагается разграничить конституционные принципы гражданского общества на две категории - конституционные принципы, обеспечивающие условия для формирования и развития институтов гражданского общества и конституционные принципы, непосредственно касающиеся существования и функционирования элементов системы гражданского общества. Первая группа представлена широким разнообразием общих конституционных принципов, затрагивающих практически все направления регулирования. К таковым можно отнести принципы демократизма и правового государства, принципы правового статуса личности, признания естественной природы ее прав и свобод, ее защищенность институтами властвования, конституционные принципы экономической системы, прежде всего, экономическая свобода, плюрализм форм собственности, неприкосновенность собственности и пр., плюрализм помимо экономического воплощения также развивается в его идеологической и политической составляющей, устанавливая элементы многопартийности, многообразия идеологий, признание свободы слова и СМИ, также важно выделение принципов социального свойства, развивающих идеи социального государства, солидарности и партнерства. Что касается второй группы принципов, то к ним следует отнести следующие: - принцип взаимной ответственности государства и личности; - принцип автономии и самостоятельности институтов гражданского общества от государства; - самоорганизация, как ключевой способ формирования институтов гражданского общества и др. В статье представлен анализ указанных принципов. Также отмечается, что конституционные принципы постулатизировались в правовых позициях Конституционного Суда РФ, который отмечал важность установления принципа обоюдной юридической ответственности личности и государства в отношении друг друга. Отмечалось, в частности, что личность и государство взаимозависимы через права, обязанности и формами взаимной ответственности. В завершении сделаны выводы по содержанию статьи.
The concept and content of the principle of equality in constitutional and legal science
Authors:   Diana Sh. Pirbudagova Dagestan State University, Pirbudagova Diana Sh. , Magomedova Diana S. ,   Diana S. Magomedova Dagestan State University
Published: January 2025

Статья посвящена исследованию понятия и содержания принципа равенства с позиции конституционно-правовой науки. Обосновывается актуальность исследования, отмечается особая роль принципа равенства в доктрине конституционного права и в системе правовой регламентации. Отмечается, что в основе конституционного понимания принципа равенства лежат принципы и ценности, заложенные в Основном законе страны. Предлагается выделение двух ключевых элементов в понимании сущности принципа равенства – нравственного и правового. Отмечается, что современ-ное понимание принципа равенства должно строиться на основе баланса нравственного и правового элемента содержания принципа равенства. При этом нравственная составляющая отражает сущностный аспект равенства, отражающий ключевые конституционные принципы и ценности, включая идею справедливости, а правовой – определяет нормативную составляющую, выражающуюся в системе юридических предписаний. Далее рассмотрены три взаимосвязанных аспекта принципа равенства: равенство прав, их дифференциацию и запрет дискриминации. Первое представляет собой основное наполнение, второе – определяет различия и исключения из общего правила, а третье устанавливает запрет на нарушение принципа равенства. Анализируется соотношение понятий «дифференциация» и «дискриминация». В статье предпринята попытка определения границы между ними, в том числе путем осмысления подхода к реализации принципа равенства через равенство возможностей и равенство результатов. В качестве критерия разграничения дифференциации и дискриминации предложена категория чрезмерности.
Countering political extremism and terrorism in the system of public administration of national security in Russia
Authors:   Musa G. Kurbanov Dagestan Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Regional Center for Ethnopolitical Stud-ies, Dagestan State University, Kurbanov Musa G.
Published: January 2025

Система управления национальной безопасностью России, наряду с закрытыми и секретными направлениями, нуждается в постоянном совершенствовании открытых, публичных сфер деятельности. Публичное управление может быть эффективным только на основе комплексной, научной, адресной проработки всех решаемых проблем. Цель статьи состоит в исследовании научно-технологических ресурсов и коммуникативных возможностей системы публичного управления процессами противодействия общему деструктивному потенциалу политического экстремизма и терроризма в ходе реализации стратегии национальной безопасности России. При решении этих проблем и задач первостепенную роль в методологии исследования играют системный подход, а также методы стратегического проектирования, программирования, теоретического моделирования, гипотетико-дедуктивной идеализации. В ходе исследования установлено, что программируемая стратегия национальной безопасности является не только правовым обеспечением, но и может быть организационным основанием для унифицированных, практических действий, направленных на развитие и укрепление полноценной политической стабильности, суверенности и самодостаточной государственности России. Публичное управление больше всего востребовано в той сфере, которая относится к явлениям стихийного массового поведения людей. Именно массовое поведение людей более всего нуждается в рационально организованных направлениях деятельности. Автор приходит к выводу о том, что в стратегическом программировании идеологического противодействия политическому экстремизму и терроризму могут не только технологически моделироваться, но и оперативно модифицироваться инструментальные меры и институциональные механизмы, реализация которых предполагает системную, согласованную последовательность действий всех компетентных органов и общественных организаций, вовлеченных в практику преодоления политического экстремизма и терроризма.
Investigating the Language of the Middle Low German Ommelanden Manuscripts of the Richthofenkolleksje
Authors: Bruno Laura
Published: January 2025

The aim of this article is to provide insight into the language employed in the Middle Low German translations of Old Frisian texts originating from the Ommelanden, as found in manuscripts R 7, R 8, and R 9 of the Richthofenkolleksje at Tresoar (Leeuwarden). Specifically, the study seeks to contextualise these manuscripts within the broader Ommelanden tradition, drawing on the latest research in this field.
RESISTANCE BAND TRAINING ON THROW-IN DISTANCE IN TERMS OF ARM MUSCLE STRENGTH OF 11-15 YEAR OLD SSB GAMA FC STUDENTS
Authors: Wijaya Febri , Sumantri Riyan Jaya , Azizah Alfiah Rizqi , Syarif Ahmad , Irawan Yogi Ferdy , Widodo Puput , Parmadi Mokhamad , Burhaein Erick , Santoso Rahmawan , Khusnul Anisa Isna , Irkham Khafid
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of resistance band training on throw-in distance in terms of arm muscle strength in soccer players aged 11-15 years. This type of research is a quantitative descriptive study using a quasi-experimental method with a two group pretest-posttest design, where one control group and one treatment group. The research subjects were 24 people. The sample was selected through purposive sampling. The test instrument to measure throwing distance is a meter and arm muscle strength using the push-up test. This study uses descriptive tests to describe the minimum, maximum, and average values, homogeneity tests using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, influence tests using One-Sample T-Test and correlation tests using Pearson. The results showed that (1) there was an effect of giving resistance band training on arm muscle strength with a sig value. 0.00. (2) there is an effect of resistance band training on throw-in distance (p=0.00); (3) there is a relationship between arm muscle strength and throw-in distance which can be seen from the sig value of 0.383 than r table. The conclusion obtained in this study is that arm muscle strength affects the throwing distance of SSB GAMA FC studentsAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan resistance band terhadap jarak throw in di tinjau dari kekuatan otot lengan pada pemain sepak bola usia 11-15 tahun. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode quasi eksperimental dengan rancangan two grup pretest-posttest design, Dimana satu kelompok kontrol dan satu kelompok perlakuan. Subjek penelitian berjumblah 24 orang. Sampel dipilih melalui purposif sampling. Instrument tes untuk mengukur jarak lemparan adalah meteran dan kekuatan otot lengan menggunakan push-up test. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji deskiptif  untuk mengambarkan nilai minimal, maksimal, dan rata-rata, uji normalitas menggunakan Kolmogorov-Smirnov, uji pengaruh menggunakan One-Sample T-Test dan  uji korelasi menggunakan pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) terdapat peengaruh pemberian latihan resistance band terhadap kekuatan otot lengan dengan nilai sig. 0.00. (2) terdapat pengaruh latihan resistance band terhadap jarak throw in  (p=0.00); (3) terdapat hubungan antara kekuatan otot lengan dengan jarak throw in yang dapat di lihat dari nilai sig 0.383 daripada r tabel. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dalam penelitian inii adalah latihan resistance band berpengaruh pada peningkatan kekuatan otot lengan yang mempengaruhi jarak throw ini Siswa SSB GAMA FC.
Understanding data privacy: How Bangkok workers perceive Thai personal data protection act regulations
Authors:   Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Business Administration, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, Thailand, Pislae-Ngam Kattakamon , Inmor Sureerut ,   Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Business Administration, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, Thailand
Published: January 2025

This study examined how demographic factors influence awareness of the Personal Data Protection Act (PDPA) among workers in Bangkok. Data were collected from 389 individuals using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics (percentage, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (one-way ANOVA and post-hoc analysis with the Least Significant Difference method). The findings show that overall awareness of the PDPA among Bangkok's working population is high. However, demographic factors such as gender, age, education, occupation, and organizational type do not significantly affect awareness. In contrast, work experience has a statistically significant influence on PDPA awareness at the 0.05 level, supporting the study's hypothesis. These results suggest that while traditional demographic factors are not key predictors of PDPA awareness, individuals with greater work experience tend to have a better understanding of the law. This study provides empirical evidence highlighting the limited role of demographic characteristics in shaping PDPA awareness and identifies work experience as a crucial factor. The findings can help organizations design targeted strategies, such as training programs, to improve PDPA awareness and compliance across different experience levels in the workforce.
Understanding Everyday Sadism, Dark Traits and Employee Silence at Work: Reflections from the Indian Epic Ramayana
Authors: Tripathi Pranjal Mani , Bhattacharjee Anindo
Published: January 2025

Everyday sadism represents a significant aspect of the subclinical dark personality constellation, characterized by individuals who inflict pain on others for pleasure or personal gain. Such individuals may derive satisfaction from various forms of abuse: be it verbal, physical, or simply through observing others suffering. These subclinical dark traits are frequently observed in workplace environments, where individuals may hold a range of positions. In professional settings, they exhibit unprovoked aggression, engage in gossip, undermine colleagues discreetly, and partake in various counterproductive behaviors that they attempt to normalize through rationalization. Their lack of empathy prevents them from feeling shame for their actions. While sadists are undeniably deviant by nature, this paper investigates whether they also engage in what can be termed "deviant silence," where they remain silent for their own benefit. Using constructivist grounded theory, a qualitative research method that captures participants’ vivid perspectives, we explored this concept further. Our empirical findings reveal two key characteristics of everyday sadists that contribute to deviant silence: self-prioritization and insecurity. Also, we explored characters from the Indian epic Ramayana to understand whether every human has the potential to become an everyday sadist.
On the ratio of interests of parents and other persons living with them, in the exercise of parental rights
Authors: Grineva A. V.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. The subjects of the modern family in practice are increasingly recognised not only by parents and children, but also by other persons living both together and separately from the parents (one of them), thereby raising the problems of their participation in upbringing a child. So we can distinguish several significant legal gaps of this topic as: the absence of appropriate terminology; the absence of due procedure for applying legal family liability measures for improper education of a child; the lack of legal grounds for the termination of parental relations between the relevant parent and the child, as well as between the parents, when one of the spouses undergoes sex reassignment. The study of these problems and the ratio of interests of various participants in parental legal relations will help to identify and eliminate potential conflicts, providing the protection of the rights and interests of children.

The purpose of the study is to determine the ratio of the interests of parents and other persons living with them in the exercise of parental rights.

The objectives of the study: determination of the subject composition of persons involved in parental legal relations; determination of the range of other persons participating in the upbringing of the child and living both with their parents and separately from them; justification of the need for legal consolidation of the status of such persons.

Methodology. The article is based on analysis, description, deduction, generalization and formal-legal metds.

Results. The conducted study establishes the marriage between the parents of the child, de facto marriage of one of the parents, the use of assisted reproductive techniques and some other factors affect the formation of a special parent’s subject within the parental relationship.

Conclusion. Other persons, living together with the child and one of his parents, often actually exercise parental rights without holding any parental duties and can’t be held liable for inadequate exercise of parental rights.
The subject and limits of proof: the ratio of concepts and the complexity of definition
Authors: Chistilina D. O. , Afanasyeva K. A. , Mikhailova O. G.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. Proof is carried out at all stages of the criminal procedure, therefore, its clear legal regulation is important. Different approaches of law enforcement officers to the definition and correlation of concepts such as "subject of proof" and "limits of proof" lead to errors made in investigative and judicial practice related to the one-sidedness or incompleteness of the investigation of the circumstances of the case, an incorrect assessment of the information found and, as a result, unjustified procedural decisions.

The purpose of the research is to identify the essence of the concepts of "subject of proof" and "limits of proof" and their relationship in theory and in practice.

The objectives of the research: to identify the essence of the concept of "subject of proof"; to explore practical approaches to defining the concept of "limits of proof"; to determine the relationship between the concepts of "subject of proof" and "limits of proof" in theory and in practice.

The methodology of the research is presented by the dialectical method, the historical and legal method, the comparative legal method, the method of systematization, the method of abstraction.

Results. In the course of the research, the concepts of "subject of proof" and "limits of proof" were revealed and their characteristic features were determined. Based on the comparison of these concepts, the difficulties of corectly interpreting them in practice were revealed, which leads to investigative and judicial errors. Based on the results of the study, recommendations were developed and formulated to improve the practice of applying the norms of evidentiary law.

Conclusion. There are different approaches to the definition and correlation of the concepts of "subject of proof" and "limits of proof". A broader approach to the definition of "limits of proof" seems to be the most appropriate for modern conditions. This concept should include a wider range of circumstances than those listed in Article 73 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation. For cognitive activity carried out within the framework of proving a criminal case, facts that are used as an argument to substantiate the presence or absence of circumstances included in the subject of proof, and the clarification of which is necessary for the correct assessment of the evidence available in the case, are no less important.
The Russian Church calls out to the world… From the history of the Soviet-American church forums of the Cold War Era
Authors: Kail M. V.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. In the current state of international relations, the historical experience of building and maintaining communication by actors of public diplomacy (confessional structures) in conflict periods is of particular importance. One of the most difficult periods in national history was the period of the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States. At the moment, however, the forces of the political and diplomatic structures of Russia's key historical denomination, the Russian Orthodox Church, were aimed at maintaining and developing a constant dialogue with the confessional organizations of the key geopolitical opponent. The central theme of this interaction was the international peacekeeping movement. It was designed to prevent the confrontation from escalating into an open conflict and formed a significant event agenda (events and forums) at which representatives of the church structures of two (and more often in a wider international composition) countries interacted, exchanged views and formed consolidated content: statements, notes, proclamations postulating the need to preserve peace in the name of higher Christian values and the preservation of lives.

The purpose of the study is to examine the practice of church diplomatic activity of the hierarchy of the Russian Orthodox Church in the interaction of the Department of External Church Relations and the Publishing Department of the Moscow Patriarchate.

Objectives: to reveal the specifics and characteristic features of the practical diplomatic organizational work of church structures in the organization of church forums in Soviet Russia in the early 1970s.

Methodology. The principles of objectivity and historicism were applied during the research. To solve the tasks set by the author, historical-genetic, historical-systemic, historical-comparative, typological, retrospective methods were used.

Results. The study of unique, previously unexplored and published sources allowed an unbiased reconstruction of the process of organizing a church forum in the development of the "peacekeeping activities" of the Russian Orthodox Church in the early 1970s.

Conclusions. The sources demonstrate the development of the practice of church diplomatic work, allow us to reconstruct the specifics, course, timing, dynamics and circumstances of the organization of the peacekeeping forum of the Russian Orthodox Church in the conditions of Soviet reality in the early 1970s. The role of church structures is marked and described (the Publishing Department and its chairman, the Moscow Theological Academy), directly and formally unrelated to the conduct of international work.
Organization of summer health campaigns for children in North Ossetian ASSR during the Great Patriotic War (194‒1945)
Authors: Khablieva L. Ch.
Published: January 2025

The relevance. There are a lot of unlit aspects in the study of the Great Patriotic War, especially on social and everyday history and the history of everyday life. One of these issues is the issue of children in extreme wartime conditions. Taking care of children during the war years occupied an important place in the life of the Soviet state, and without a comprehensive study of this problem it is impossible to recreate a multifaceted objective picture of the Great Patriotic War. For the first time, the materials of the Central State Archive of the Republic of North Ossetia Alania on the presented topic are being introduced into scientific circulation. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the work is based on regional material on the history of children's daily life during the Great Patriotic War.

The purpose of the study: to study and analyze summer wellness campaigns in North Ossetia during different years of the war, difficulties in organization, and their impact on children's health.

The objectives: to reveal the specifics of one of the aspects of children's military daily life – summer health campaigns for children; to characterize the main problems associated with the organization of children's recreation during the Great Patriotic War in the region.

Methodology. The principles of objectivity and historicism were applied during the research. The author's use of historical-genetic, historical-systemic, historical-comparative, typological, and retrospective methods contributed to the solution of research problems.

Results. The study and generalization of archival sources made it possible to objectively assess the specifics and problems of organizing summer health campaigns for children in the North Ossetian ASSR in the extreme conditions of the Great Patriotic War.

Conclusions. Despite the fact that the work on improving the health of children, organizing their recreation and leisure in wartime conditions faced organizational difficulties and had certain disadvantages, it brought positive results. Staying in summer health camps, at organized sites with additional meals, affected the health of weakened children. Unfortunately, the conditions of wartime did not allow this work to be carried out on a larger scale with the service of all children who needed food, rest, and care.
On the influence of the historical legacy of the Great Patriotic War on the formation of the modern concept of education of a citizen and a patriot in the Republic of Adygeya
Authors: Oserskaya E. V.
Published: January 2025

The research relevance is that for the modern system of education of a citizen in Russia it is necessary to develop a systemic approach to the use of historical and cultural heritage, including the example of the period of the Great Patriotic War. The study was conducted on the example of the Republic of Adygea.

The research purpose is to consider the modern practice of patriotic education of young people on the example of the Republic of Adygea.

The research objectives are to consider the basics of patriotic education in the modern Republic of Adygea; in identifying the most influential ideas of the Soviet era, which can be adopted in the modern concept of civic and patriotic education, as well as in considering some aspects of the Soviet historical heritage in the field of civic and patriotic education of young people.

The research methodology is based on the historical and pedagogical approach and includes a group of general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction), as well as a number of special methods: hist[1]riographical analysis of scientific literature on the topic of research, the method of regional political analysis, the method of descriptive qualitative research.

 Results. At present, there is an urgent need to revive the system of patriotic education in the cadet corps of the Republic of Adygea, which can use meetings with veterans of the Great Patriotic War, museums of military glory, as well as a number of methodological developments from the era of the Komsomol and the Soviet historical heritage.

Conclusion. It is necessary to rely on the experience of forming a civil and patriotic position among young people in the Soviet period on the example of the Great Patriotic War, which will successfully educate a generation of young people who are able to defend the interests of their homeland not only in wartime, but also in peacetime. In this regard, it is recommended to develop a program of patriotic education based on the experience of the Great Patriotic War.
Inter-municipal cooperation at the international level
Authors: Lukmanov I. D.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. Local self-government as one of the forms of public power closestй to the population is in constant development. The peculiarity of municipal authorities is the use of various organizational tools, including mechanisms of inter-municipal cooperation. The broad participation of the Russian Federation in interstate associations actualizes the use of new forms of partnership between municipalities at the international level. The study identifies legal problems and barriers that do not allow effective cooperation, and presents ways to overcome them.

The purpose of the study is to develop sound theoretical provisions that complement the science of constitutional law, as well as to identify пределthe limits of constitutional compliance when using new forms of inter-municipal cooperation.

Objectives: to analyze the practice of applying municipal partnership mechanisms at the level of interstate associations; to identify inaccuracies and gaps in legal acts in the field of organizing cooperation between domestic and foreign municipalities; to provide scientifically based ways to overcome legal barriers that do not allow effective interaction between municipalities.

Methodology. В работе использовались Methodsы of analysis, synthesis, as well as the formal legal method in combination with the method of comparative law, legal modeling and forecasting were used in the work.

The results of the study are scientifically based theoretical provisions that characterize the features of municipal cooperation at the interstate level, as well as proposals on the need to fill in gaps and inaccuracies in legal regulation.

Conclusion. A legal gap is identified at the level of international treaties on cross-border and inter-territorial cooperation of the CIS and BRICS, which is related to the lack of legal mechanisms for inter-municipal cooperation. The study suggests the use of a wide range of standard agreements in the framework of the organization of cooperation of municipalities. The article substantiates the possibility of establishing an inter-territorial management body that coordinates partner municipalities. The paper presents a forecast on the development of municipal administration and the formation of a new type of agglomerations – cross-border urban agglomerations with the participation of the Russian Federation.
On the issue of the legal status of the payer of the tax on professional income
Authors: Guseva T. A.
Published: January 2025

The relevance of the article is determined by the study of the status of the payer of the tax on professional income - the subject of the application of a special tax regime. The analysis of the status of a legal entity involves: its characteristics in the field of civil, tax and other legal relations; the specifics of its payment of insurance premiums, participation in state and municipal procurement, procurement of certain types of legal entities; identification of law enforcement problems and analysis of development prospects.

The purpose is to identify potential opportunities for realizing the status of a payer of professional income tax at the present stage.

Metodology. The methodological basis of the study is a combination of general scientific and special legal research methods, the use of which will ensure a logically consistent and systematic study of the legal status of a taxpayer of professional income tax.

Results. The study revealed: features of registration of professional income tax payers, their payment of tax, insurance premiums, participation in state (municipal) procurement, as well as other elements of status; distinguishing features of the legal status of professional income tax payers and individual entrepreneurs.

Conclusions. With the introduction of amendments to the Federal Law "On Protection of Competition", the legal status of the taxpayer of the professional income tax was institutionalized, legalized as an economic entity, which made it possible for them to receive subsidies, provide other measures of state support, and participate more actively in state (municipal) procurement. It has been proven that engaging in certain types of activities and concluding a social contract are directly related to the acquisition of official status, including the status of an economic entity