bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ecologies of Embodiment: Listening With Earth
Authors: Weig Doerte , Rufo Raffaele
Published: October 2024

This Companion Issue continues the collaborative work of problematizing the notion of the ‘more-than-human’, which began with the summer solstice of 2021, by bringing together different artistic, educational and cultural ways of belonging to earth. The editorial explores listening-with as a speculative and generative (eco)somatic practice for attuning to the situatedness of each article and sensing the impact of audiovisual work in our bones and nervous fascial tissues. Our process deepened into the relation between listening and voicing - listening until a voice emerges. Alongside video excerpts from the authors’ works, we offer poetic resonances which make tangible the connective tissues between them. We conclude by discussing how embodiment as an ecological experience can transform established academic modes of knowing and doing by allowing a different aliveness into the inquiry.
Korunk és hadviselés
Authors: Szendy István
Published: October 2024

A fegyveres küzdelem, a háború emberi létünk egyik meghatározó jellemzője, a társadalmi lét funkcionalitását biztosító társadalmi mozgások eredményeként alakult ki. Egy ilyen szituációban a katonai erő sikeres alkalmazása – az arról szóló politikai döntést követően – az érintett társadalmi közösség szempontjából „élet vagy halál” kérdése. Az államok, különösen a nemzetállamok kialakulása és létrejötte óta minden józan és reális gondolkodású társadalmi közösség megteremti – többnyire generációkon keresztül átívelő társadalmi konszenzus alapján – azt a garanciarendszert, mely kielégíti e vonatkozásban létező igényét, megteremti és fenntartja saját hadügyét, melynek meghatározó fontosságú elmélete és gyakorlata a hadviselés milyenségében és minőségében jut kifejezésre. Őszintén reméljük, hogy e tanulmány közreadásával sikerült a tisztelt olvasók számára – a hadviselés elmélete és gyakorlata tárgyában – átadni korszerű hadtudományi alapokon nyugvó rendszerezett ismereteket.
A leitura compartilhada e a linguagem escrita no contexto escolar: um olhar a partir da Teoria Histórico-Cultural
Authors: Spares Costa Geisiele Stefany , Marques dos Santos Ellen , De Freitas Bissoli Michelle
Published: October 2024

Este artigo discute o papel da escola na prática da leitura e escrita na Educação Infantil, destacando a importância da mediação do professor, da leitura compartilhada e da presença da linguagem escrita nos contextos de aprendizagem para o desenvolvimento integral da criança. A pesquisa baseou-se em revisão bibliográfica de obras de autores que abordam temas como: leitura literária e linguagem escrita na Educação Infantil. Embasados na Teoria Histórico-Cultural, os estudos indicam que a escola desempenha um papel fundamental na humanização da criança, promovendo a apropriação dos conhecimentos culturais também por meio da prática da leitura compartilhada. Sendo assim, a mediação do professor é essencial para orientar o desenvolvimento das capacidades leitoras e escritoras das crianças, proporcionando experiências significativas com a literatura e práticas com a linguagem escrita. Espera-se que este estudo ajude a contribuir para a reflexão e aprimoramento das práticas pedagógicas na Educação Infantil, destacando a importância de uma abordagem centrada na leitura compartilhada e na valorização da linguagem escrita como ferramentas essenciais para o desenvolvimento cultural da criança. Além disso, o artigo busca discutir subsídios para práticas pedagógicas mais eficazes e alinhadas às necessidades do desenvolvimento infantil na primeira etapa da Educação Básica.
Histórias em movimento: trabalhando Habilidades Sociais a partir de histórias e do yoga no Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Ribeiro Rejane , Benevides Soares Adriana
Published: October 2024

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar qualitativamente as interações e produções orais de uma intervenção para aquisição das Habilidades Sociais (HS) de estudantes do 4º ano do Ensino Fundamental I, utilizando a contação de histórias e o yoga. Caracteriza-se como um estudo descritivo, transversal de natureza qualitativa. Participaram 16 alunos de 9 a 11 anos de uma escola municipal do Rio de Janeiro. Realizou-se uma sessão de 90 minutos, combinando a história "A Tartaruga" com asanas de yoga, discussão em roda e atividades de psicoeducação. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se o software IRAMUTEQ para realizar a técnica de Nuvem de palavras, que possibilitou uma compreensão mais generalista sobre os resultados. Para uma investigação mais aprofundada, seguiu-se uma Análise de Conteúdo temática segundo Bardin. As palavras que tiveram maior frequência foram: “gente”, “brincar”, “estar”, “difícil” e “mão”; enquanto a análise temática identificou cinco categorias principais: Interesse das Crianças, Dificuldades Enfrentadas na Escola, Identificação de Sentimentos, Reações Frente a Situações Difíceis e Feedback da Atividade. A análise crítica aponta que intervenções baseadas em contação de histórias e yoga podem ser ferramentas eficazes para promover um ambiente escolar mais seguro e acolhedor, melhorando as relações interpessoais e uma maior comunicabilidade entre os alunos. Conclui-se que a intervenção evidenciou a importância de programas permanentes para promover HS nas escolas e suas possíveis contribuições para melhorar a comunicação oral das crianças.
Features of Temporality of an Innovation-Oriented Person
Authors:   Admiral Ushakov Maritime State University, Novorossiysk, Russian Federation, Serova Natalya
Published: October 2024

An important role belongs to the humanistic potential formed by creative abilities, moral and intellectual qualities of a person in the development of modern innovative processes. The article deals with the question of the innovative nature of man and the temporal foundations of his existence in the context of modern temporal issues. Conducting a comparative analysis of the interpretations of the categories of temporal issues helped to identify those meanings that lead to an awareness of the value of human innovation orientation. The most important role belongs to the spiritual potential in creativity, and its development directly depends on a person’s attitude to the temporality of his/her existence. In this regard, modern thinkers pay attention to the study of the antithesis of the trivial and unique in the temporal existence of man and the nature of repetition as a dilemma of the past and the future. Emphasizing the key importance of the moment in a person’s determination to follow a moral path, they answer the question of his/her belonging to the past, present or future. The conditions of innovation, which become obvious when a person orients himself/herself to the spiritual foundations of his/her being, are contained in each of the time modes. The author concluded that the nature of the temporal existence of an innovation-oriented person is distinguished by the uniqueness of its moments as the beginning of the production of new ideas, the unpredictability of the future and the variability of understanding of the past as a condition for free creative choice in the present moment. All these qualities are important in the development of modern innovations, as they ensure innovative continuity and the production of innovative ideas.
2022 Nobel Prize in Physics and the End of Mechanistic Materialism. Part 1: Historical Overview
Authors:   Belgrade University, Zemun, Serbia, Salom Igor
Published: October 2024

The ideas and results that are in the background of the 2022 Nobel Prize in physics had an immense impact on our understanding of reality. Therefore, it is crucial that these implications reach also the general public, not only the scientists in the related fi elds of quantum mechanics. The purpose of this review is to attempt to elucidate these revolutionary changes in our worldview that were eventually acknowledged also by the Nobel’s committee, and to do it with very few references to mathematical details (which could be even ignored without undermining the take-away essence of the text). We fi rst look into the foundational disputes between Einstein and Bohr about the nature of quantum mechanics, which culminated in the so-called EPR paradox – the main impetus for all the research that would ensue in this context. Next, we try to explain the statement of the famous Bell’s theorem – the theorem that relocated the Einstein-Bohr discussions from the realm of philosophy and metaphysics to hard-core physics verifi able by experiments (we also give a brief derivation of the theorem’s proof). Then we overview the experimental work of 2022 year’s Nobel laureates, which had the fi nal say about who was right in the debate. The outcome of these experiments forced us to profoundly revise our understanding of the universe.
An Ecosophical View on Risk Society and the Potential of Medicine to Reduce Risk Consequences
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Russian Federation, Petrova Galina
Published: October 2024

The relevance of the topic is due to the formulation of issues related to the state of modern social reality, the presence of risk in it as one of the essential characteristics. Abandoning the past mechanism of development – tradition as a stable foundation, modern society has acquired the specificity of the absence of a non-stop movement – a transition that does not correlate with the movement from one stage to another, more stable, but represents the continuity of the process. This is a fundamentally new ontology of reality, in which the constancy of its movement, instability create a situation where, as U. Beck says, in the rapidity of change, there is a “collapse of scientific, technical and legal rationality” [3, p. 167], traditionally used as a method of organizing public order. The article updates the Platonic category of metaxy (“Timaeus”) as a characteristic of the dynamics of being, its constant ‘intermediacy’ between the ‘past’ and the ‘future’ while eliminating the stable ‘present’. Modern social reality is a meta-reality, a transition in its infi nity of realization, the consequence of which is the risk and fear of falling into the abyss of baselessness. Risk is a specific characteristic of a social movement in the continuity of transition, when the stability of the present is lost, and the horizon of the future is not visible in traditional logic, which causes existential fear that constantly accompanies a person. ‘Risk Society’ (U. Beck) demanded a new rational ‘arrangement’ (A. Giddens) and a relevant methodology for its construction. The article is devoted to the problem of searching for this methodology. As such, the rationality of the emerging new trend in philosophy – ecosophy – is proposed, which actualizes a holistic view of the world, building on the category of ‘life’ in the unity of its manifestations in nature and culture. The problem is solved by contradiction: on the one hand, the risk is associated with the growth of science, which has historically had a humanistic connotation, on the other hand, its embodiments, being realized today in high technologies, turned out to be turning against man. Contradiction initiates risk. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the rationality of the ecosophical content as a methodology for the study of modern risky social ontology caused by scientific technologies, to argue their impact on human health and to show the possibilities of medicine in solving this problem.
Freedom of Conscience in Early Modern Philosophy: Genesis of the Concept
Authors:   Surgut State University, Russian Federation, Markhinin Vasily
Published: October 2024

The paper presents the analysis of the historical development of ideas of tolerance, freedom of conscience and speech in Early Modern times. These concepts were introduced to the ideological & philosophical discourse by Reformation and Counterreformation movements. An initial point of their development was linked to the strife of competing parties and thus got a strong instrumentalist bias. Mainstream theorists of the Reformation (e.g. T. Beza, Peter Martyr Vermigli, T. Goodwin) regarded tolerance & freedom of conscience as a means for propagation of a true faith (i.e. Protestantism) and a guarantee against its suppression by the powerful governments of the unfaithful. Mainstream theorists of the Counterreformation (e.g. F. Suarez, M. Becanus) followed this pattern as well. While mainstream theorists stressed a collectivist and clerically-conservative perspective of the freedom of conscience, their adversaries proposed an individualist and politically radical vision. S. Castellion, R. Brown and R. Williams argued that freedom of conscience was a universal right of a person of any confessional identity; a true Reformation, ought to be a “Reformation Without Tarying for Anie”, not just a reformed papal tyranny. Disputations between the proponents of the conservative and the radical perspective culminated in the writings of J. Milton and T. Hobbes. Despite the sharp confl ict of parties they belonged to Milton and Hobbes stood on a common ground of a secular & individualist vision of the freedom of conscience. Their analysis of the practices of freedom of thought & speech and of the tensions between the citizen and the state set an initial point of the religious thought in the Enlightenment epoch.
Space Industry Development: Experience of the Usa, China and Russia
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Russian Federation, Efimova Ekaterina
Published: October 2024

In recent decades, space has begun to be viewed as an important economic resource, an engine of global competition and technological development, capable of having a multiplier effect on the development of the entire economic system of a country. It is a necessary factor in global communication and information. Each state can use space for peaceful purposes, since it is a common resource for all countries. That is why the space industry is the object of the careful study by many researchers and a special sphere of government regulation. The top three leaders in the space industry are the USA, China and Russia. The purpose of this article is to conduct a comparative analysis of the development of the space industry in the USA, China and Russia, as well as to develop recommendations for improving the regulation of the Russian space industry based on foreign experience. The author selected the following characteristics as the main parameters of comparison: 1. Significant space achievements, 2. Industry financing, 3. Structure of the space industry, 4. The scale of private space sector development, 5. Motives for international cooperation in the field of space exploration. Based on the analysis, the features of space industry development in each country were identifi ed. Special attention in the study is paid to the Russian space industry. In particular, it was found that the main structural feature of the Russian space industry, in contrast to the USA and China, is the significant predominance of state-owned companies over private enterprises. This is associated with the lack of the necessary regulatory framework in our country and, as a consequence, the underdevelopment of the market for space products and services. At the same time, Russia can be considered a leader in terms of funding for the space industry (as a percentage of GDP), but in absolute financial indicators (in millions of dollars) Russia lags significantly behind the United States and China. In addition, Russia adheres to the practice of participating in international cooperation in the space sector, based primarily on political factors rather than economic motives, which fundamentally distinguishes its approach from the approach used by the United States. The article proposes a number of practical recommendations, the implementation of which, according to the author’s opinion, will contribute to increasing the efficiency of space activities in Russia.
Journey between Channels: Building Customer Experience in a Digital Environment
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Russian Federation, Troitskaya Natalia
Published: October 2024

In modern marketing, researchers are focused on the omnichannel approach due to the growing number of communication channels and sources of consumer information about brands. This paper examines the complexity and multifactorial nature of the omnichannel approach in the formation of customer experience and marketing communications in the digital environment. The article discusses the concept of a “Consumer Journey Map”, which reflects the stages of making a purchase decision, after-sales interaction and the customer experience formed within this path. This approach allows you to define and analyze the touchpoints with the consumer and information messages at each stage of the consumer journey in order to create a positive brand image. The consumer’s journey is formed by the sequential passage of a number of points of contact, which may belong to the brand, its partners or be independent. This affects the degree of brand control over the information at each of these points. Particular attention is paid to the complexity of tracking the entire variety of contact points through which the customer passes on the way to making a purchase. The management of this variety of points from the standpoint of a single communication environment of brand and consumer interaction is the subject of omnichannel marketing research. Within the framework of this study, the author considers the evaluation of the effectiveness of marketing channels at the stage of preparation for purchase. These channels may be underestimated, since in terms of direct return on marketing investments, they lose to the final pre-purchase channels, but they play a key role in shaping the customer experience leading to subsequent purchases. The article presents the results of a study of online communication based on a company providing educational services. This study demonstrates the relationship between the volume of investments in paid promotion channels and the total revenue from online channels. The results of the study emphasize the importance of the omnichannel approach in modern communication, where the buyer interacts with the brand in various channels and perceives communication as a single continuous process, even when switching from one channel to another.
The Economy of the Russian Federation in January – April 2024
Authors:   Siberian Institute of Management – the Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Novosibirsk, Khanin Grigory
Published: October 2024

Based on the analysis of a number of macroeconomic and sectoral indicators, it is established that in January–April 2024, there was an economic decline compared to the corresponding period in 2023. Moreover, the extent of the decline is increasing month by month. It is noteworthy that the authorities, as in the past in the USSR, are turning a blind eye to the decline. The causes of the decline are determined by the combined impact of both cyclical factors (Western economic sanctions, overstrain from military expenditures) and long-term trends of a decline in fixed assets and a reduction in the workforce, as well as the qualifications of personnel at all levels. The future prospects of the Russian economy are determined, along with ensuring effective economic policy and building a functional state system, by the level of escalation of the conflict in Ukraine and the extent of economic sanctions. In the event of significant escalation of military actions, what will be required is a transition to a wartime economy with a high share of military expenditures in GDP, a reduction in consumer spending and non-productive investments, mobilization of labor resources in favor of the armed forces and the military-industrial complex, and the introduction of a rationing system for main food products, as well as the nationalization of several companies. The success of this structural maneuver is determined by the organization and qualifications of the state apparatus. In the case of moderate escalation of military actions and economic sanctions, the radical nature of structural and institutional changes will decrease.
R. Schusterman's Philosophical Position from Aesthetics to Somaesthetics: on the Forming of his Philosophical Standpoint
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy and Law Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Magomedova Julia
Published: October 2024

The subject of the article is neopragmatic aesthetics; its formation, methodological foundations and specificity of the object of research. To reveal the stated goal, the author turns to the works of the American philosopher Richard Shusterman, who most consistently and clearly substantiates his philosophical position. The American philosopher, despite the strong influence of the analytical school, restores the connection with pragmatism, with the aesthetics of John Dewey, points out the dead ends and problematic points of the analytical approach. The article presents the evolution of American philosophical aesthetics with an emphasis on the transitional stage from the analytic tradition to a neopragmatic one. It is shown that Shusterman’s attempt to get rid of the “Platonic stigma” in the philosophy of art is carried out at the expense of criticizing analytic aesthetics. Thus, Shusterman makes critical arguments about the established habit of identifying art in its multivariate manifestation with the notion of “high” fi ne art associated with the sublime and true art. Shusterman shifts the focus of attention from the problem of defining art to the analytics of aesthetic experience, which allows him to transform aesthetics into somaesthetics – a body-oriented, practical philosophical discipline. The author concludes that Shusterman’s concept of somaesthetics emerges in a polemic with fundamentalist foundations in aesthetics, namely, the tradition of distinguishing objects, works of art from what is not, i.e. defining art. The author notes that a key figure for the formation of the theoretical basis of somaesthetics was Shusterman’s acquaintance with the position of Noel Carroll, who moves from the search for the essence of art to the investigation of the internal standards and motives of art. Schusterman, picking up on this strategy, affirms his anti-essentialist position. In polemics with his colleagues, he shifts and rethinks the problem field of aesthetics, declaring war on “Platonism,” criticizing the Greek philosophical tradition, to which we owe the fact that practical activity has become valued much less than theoretical activity. Along with this, the author concludes about Shusterman’s sophistic strategy and logic of thinking, citing arguments from the work of postmodernist researcher Barbara Cassin.
Modern Mass Tourism: Formation, Principles, Development Factors
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Russian Federation, Kovalev Alexander , Petrenko Nikita ,   Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Russian Federation, Shumkov Vyacheslav ,   Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

One of the effective and affordable ways to organize recreation and leisure in modern conditions is considered to be mass tourism, which is influenced by global trends: globalization, informatization, geopolitics. In the article, based on generalizations of the approaches of domestic and foreign researchers, an attempt is made to give a detailed definition of the term “mass tourism” and to specify its phenomenon through the justification of its distinctive features: the number of consumers (mass), motives and goals, the influence of technological progress, industrialization and scaling of the tourism business. The authors highlight factors contributing to the development of modern tourism, including: accessibility, globalization, marketing and advertising, political situation, economic stability, digitalization and conceptual approaches to the emergence and development of mass tourism: the theory of consumer society, the theory of mobile sociology, “quality tourism” and etc. Among the general principles of modern mass tourism, the authors highlight: the commercial principle of a balance of interests, taking into account the global problems facing humanity, the active socialization of tourism. Particular attention is paid to the issues of periodization of the formation of mass tourism in the historiography of various countries; description of the modern understanding of mass tourism, taking into account its influence on national socio-economic systems; determining the main directions for the development of mass tourism in the domestic market of tourism services, taking into account rapidly changing external conditions and factors, which made it possible to identify the main and most popular types of tourist activity.
QuPath to SCiLS instructions v1
Authors: Beishembieva Naina , Gorman Brittney , R Anderton Christopher
Published: October 2024

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) is an analytical technique which provides the molecular composition directly from cells, tissues and organs. To provide biological context for these molecular maps acquired with MALDI-MSI histology or immunofluorescence is performed on the same or an adjacent tissue section. Methods for alignment, segmentation, and data analysis are required to extract molecular data from various regions within the MALDI images. We have developed a workflow to combine QuPath data and MALDI-MSI data in SCiLS. This data can be then exported to R for statistical analysis to study upregulation/downregulation of certain cell types at the areas of interest. QuPath is an open-source software for digital pathology and whole slide image analysis. It allows for the annotation of tissue functional units and immunofluorescence stains. SCiLS (Bruker) is software for analyzing mass spectrometry imaging data. By combining QuPath segmentations with MALDI-MSI results, we are able to obtain the molecular composition of specific tissue functional units or immunofluorescence signals. It is also possible to combine metabolite annotations obtained from theopen-source annotation platform METASPACE. Part 1 QuPath to SCiLS (instructions on QuPath): The process of the tissue annotation according to the immunofluorescence channel or by manual selection of tissue functional units in QuPath, as well as the export of this data into a file that can be recognized by SCiLS. Part 2 QuPath to SCiLS (instructions on SCiLS): The process of importing the data from QuPath (annotated tissue functional units or areas of interest) and METASPACE annotations (annotated molecules from mass spectrometry images) to SCiLS, as well as the alignment of images from mass spectrometry and microscopy in SCiLS. This will allow for the further export of all the data from SCiLS to the R (SCiLS API) where statistical analysis can be performed to compare the molecular abundances in segmented regions.
Permanent specimen preparation by protargol staining v1
Authors: Valt Marek , Kotyk Michael
Published: October 2024

Protargol staining according to the protocol by Bodian (Bodian 1936) and later modified by Nie (Nie 1950), further optimized for staining of small flagellates.
AAV Production and Purification v2
Authors: T Savage Justin
Published: October 2024

This protocol is for the production and purification of Adeno-Associated Virus. The protocol contains the necessary steps to produce AAVs from HEK293T cell cultures.
The Origin of H. s. denisovan and Their Dispersal Across Iran
Authors: Derevianko A. P.
Published: October 2024

Before the early 2000s, anthropologists spoke of two taxa existing in the Late Middle and Early Upper Pleistocene: anatomically modern humans in Africa and Neanderthals associated with the Mousterian industry in Eurasia. Therefore, all Eurasian Paleolithic sites dating to that period were believed to be Mousterian and were associated with Neanderthals. In 2010, owing to the sequencing of mtDNA from a fragment of the distal phalanx of the hand found in Denisova Cave, a third species was introduced, genetically different from both anatomically modern humans and Neanderthals. This new taxon was termed H. s. denisovan—or simply Denisovan. Further studies showed that this population dispersed in the Late Middle and Early Upper Pleistocene across vast territories of Central and Southeast Asia. A question arose as to where Denisovans had originated and which routes they had taken to get to the Altai. A series of articles forthcoming in this journal will address these questions. The first of them focuses on the origin of Denisovans on the basis of H. heidelbergensis and on their migration via Iran to Central Asia.
Identifi cation of Adhesives for Repairing Ancient Ceramics: The Case of the Neolithic and Chalcolithic of Far Northeast Europe
Authors: Karmanov V. N. , Bushnev D. A. , Valyaeva O. V.
Published: October 2024

This study focuses on the composition of the adhesives used to repair clay vessels, and on the technique of their preparation in the Late Neolithic and Chalcolithic (late 4th to early 3rd millennia BC) sites of Far Northeast Europe (the Republic of Komi and the Nenets Autonomous Okrug). Remains of adhesives were detected on 70 of 171 repaired pots. To date, five samples of ceramics from dwellings of the Chuzhyael culture have been analyzed. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed no markers of coniferous trees or bitumen; but did reveal markers of birch, suggesting that fractures and cracks on broken pots were plastered with birch tar. The composition of organic compounds in samples indicates the use of two vessels in the technological process: in one of them, birch bark was subjected to pyrolysis, while the other was a receptacle for tar. This comparatively complex technology reveals one more specialization in the domestic manufacture of the taiga hunter-gatherers, including the use of special furnaces. Analytic procedures employed by us open up new prospects for the study of the material culture of Far Northeast Europe, extend our knowledge of domestic manufacture, and offer new material for AMS dating.
Radiocarbon Chronology and Isotope Data of Ust-Tartasskiye Kurgany Mound 51, the Baraba Forest-Steppe
Authors: Mylnikova L. N. , Parkhomchuk E. V. , Molodin V. I. , Menshanov P. N. , Babina K. A. , Nenakhov D. A. , Chikisheva T. A.
Published: October 2024

Results of radiocarbon dating of items from mound No. 51 of Ust-Tartasskiye Kurgany burial ground are presented. This is a key site of the Sargat culture in Baraba. Characteristics of samples and pretreatment procedure are provided. Twenty-four radiocarbon dates were generated. Radiocarbon ages correlate with biological ages of the deceased persons. Bayesian KDE chronology modeling suggests a short-term intense use of the site for burying those who died between the 3rd and 1st centuries BC. Based on MCMC-modeling, a conclusion is reached about two periods in the use of the space allotted for graves between 200–40 BC. Burials of the “first period” (~25 %) could have been repeatedly made before 150 BC. Most burials (~75 %) were likely arranged between 150–120 BC. The last burial in the mound (no earlier than 110 BC) is No. 13. Minor differences in 15N isotope apparently evidence various diets of males and females at the second period.
Raw Materials in the Paste of Ceramics of the Kulaika Culture Surgut Variant (Based on Samples from Barsova Gora)
Authors: Selin D. V. , Maksimova A. A. , Chemyakin Y. P.
Published: October 2024

A multidisciplinary analysis of ceramics from six sites of the Surgut variant of the Kulaika culture at Barsova Gora was made. Technology was assessed using traceological, petrographic, and X-ray phase analyses. At all the sites, the potters used ferruginous clays tempered with grus, grog, sand, and organic material. Fragments in the clay were either rounded, as in sand, or coarse, as in grus. The sand was mainly represented by feldspar and quartz, suggesting that this type of raw material was extracted from nearby non-metallic mineral deposits. The grus consisted of fragments of basaltoids, amphiboles, and pyroxenes, evidencing that it came from igneous common rocks associated with the Surgut volcanic fi eld and spread over a large area. Rocks were probably mined near settlements, perhaps on the floodplain of the Ob. Grog in all the samples was similar to the basic clay in terms of its composition. Three groups of sites were identified, differing in the composition of the clay of which the ceramics were made. This may indicate the presence of several groups within the Iron Age Kulaika population, utilizing various sources of clay.
A Bronze Age Site on the Northern Coast of West Java
Authors: Yondri L. , Tabarev A. V. , Popov A. N. , Triwurjani Rr. , Umar D. Y.Y. , Taniardi P. N. , Susilowati N.
Published: October 2024

This study describes an early site on the northern coast of West Java, affected by the Austronesian culture—Subanglarang near Binong in the Subang Regency. Geologically, during the 2000–1000 BP interval, it was part of the coastline of the northern coast of West Java, situated more than 5 m asl. During the 2013 surveys and excavations in 2016 and 2018, five burials were revealed. On the basis of the fragments of red-slipped pottery, pickaxes, beads of various shape and size, and metal weapons, the site is dated to the Bronze Age. Artifacts similar to those of early Austronesians were discovered. The analysis of various beads from Subanglarang attests to trade relations with other areas. Further excavations on the northern coast of West Java will hopefully shed more light on the life of the Bronze Age people of that area.
Microstructural Study of Medieval Crucible Steels from Archaeological Sites in Central and Northwest Asia: Identifying the Bulat
Authors: Zinyakov N. M.
Published: October 2024

The microstructure of 9th–15th century artifacts made of crucible steel, found at sites in Central and Northwest Asia, is described. Metallographic study of items from settlements and burials with precise data on chronology, location, and accompanying artifacts is important for reconstructing the history of bulat steel and the technology of melting and processing ultra-high-carbon crucible steel. The study of the macro- and microstructure, and the chemical analysis of such items indicate an extremely high content of carbon—1.7–2.1 %. The characteristic feature of their microstructure is a dark matrix with white inclusions of ledeburite and iron carbides. The combination of structural components is reflected in the patterned structure of the metal. These properties suggest that such metal is identical to bulat steel. Findings of macrostructural analysis extend our knowledge of the varieties of this metal, its structural features, phase composition of separate groups of ultra-high-carbon crucible steel, smelting technology, plastic and thermal treatment, and physical properties.
Bony Labyrinth in Upper Paleolithic Individuals Buried at Sungir
Authors: Razhev D. I. , Vasilyev S. V. , Korost D. V. , Borutskaya S. B.
Published: October 2024

The bony labyrinth of the Sungir individuals was studied using the computed tomography scanning on an industrial Phoenix X-ray device. Three-dimensional modeling and visualization were carried out with special software. Crania of an adult (Sungir 1) and two children (Sungir 2 and 3) were analyzed. Findings reveal that bilateral asymmetry is insignificant. Individual variation range suggests that the group is morphologically homogeneous. Comparison of averages with those of Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans demonstrates overall similarity with the latter and significant difference from the former in key traits. Based on results of the discriminant analysis, children unambiguously fall in the H. sapiens group, while the adult is halfway between the latter and the Neanderthal sample. But such a finding is neither exceptional nor even rare. A Neanderthal-like morphology of the bony labyrinth (large lateral semicircular canal and high sagittal index) occurs in a small number of Upper Paleolithic humans of the modern morphological type. The Sungir adult belongs to this group.
The Structure of the Late Bronze Age Population of Western Siberia: Craniometric Evidence
Authors: Kozintsev A. G.
Published: October 2024

To assess the sources of population differentiation in Late Bronze Age Western Siberia, measurements of 68 cranial samples of this and earlier periods were processed with multivariate statistical methods. Results support the idea of at least two post-Afanasyevo migrations to Siberia from the west—pre-Andronovo and Andronovo. The former was represented by Chaa-Khol, Yelunino, and Samus people. Those associated with Karakol culture partly resemble the above and partly both autochthonous populations—that of Baraba (“Northern Eurasian formation”) and that of Okunev culture (“Southern Eurasian formation”), which appear to be two extremes of a single continuum. Differences between the two Andronovo traditions, Fedorovka and Alakul, are likely due to the local substratum in the former rather than to various origins. The Karasuk group arose through admixture between Okunev and Andronovo. People associated with the classic Karasuk culture are closer to the former, while those of the Kamenny Log stage tend toward the latter. People of the Upper Irtysh and the Mongun-Taiga people from Baidag III resemble those of Karasuk. Two pooled groups, Irmen and Mongun-Taiga, and the Pakhomovskaya sample indicate a possible admixture between both autochthonous formations, Northern and Southern, as well as Andronovo and Karasuk. Among the so-called Andronoid groups, only Yelovka and Pakhomovskaya, as well as a sample from Yelovka I, suggest admixture between Andronovans and Western Siberian natives, while Cherkaskul and Korchazhka, like the Late Krotovo groups from Sopka and Cherno-Ozerye and the Begazy-Dandybai group of Baraba, deviate from the Northern Eurasian formation toward Okunev rather than Andronovo. Among the two Eurasian formations, the Southern one (i.e., Okunev) was more affected by admixture between the autochthones and the immigrants.
Application of the Decision Tree Method for Differentiating Human Groups
Authors: Fedorchuk O. A. , Goncharova N. N.
Published: October 2024

One of the tasks of modern biological anthropology is to develop a system that could objectively classify humanity on the basis of measurements. Here, the decision tree algorithm was chosen to create a classification of groups. The method helps to evaluate the differentiating power of specific dimensions for separating samples and to assess the composition of clusters at each step of the analysis. Standard cranial measurements were used, and the entropy index was chosen as a heterogeneity measure. Classification units were 39 ethno-territorial groups from 13 major regions of the Old World. At the first step, differentiation is made between broad-faced and narrow-faced groups, demonstrating the classificatory value of this trait. The first cluster includes only Mongoloids, admixed Southern Siberian populations, and Ainu. The second cluster is heterogeneous, but its further subdivision is more in line with the traditional classification. Traits underlying the branching of the tree may be the same in different branches, evidencing their taxonomic importance. Capabilities of the decision tree method proved sufficient to construct a system largely similar to the traditional one. Certain traits separate large groups of populations, while others are efficient at the regional level. The method, therefore, can be recommended as a supplementary tool at the intraspecific level.
Shaman Tambourines of the Northern Ob Ugrians (18th to Early 21st Centuries)
Authors: Baulo A. V.
Published: October 2024

Shaman tambourines of the northern Khanty and Mansi (18th to early 21st centuries) are described. Sources include publications by other specialists and the author’s fi eld materials collected in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra and the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. A shaman performing rites with a tambourine is called koipyng-nyait. The process of making a tambourine is described. Information on 44 tambourines is summarized in a table with reference to shape, number of resonators, etc. The few available descriptions of rites are provided. A separate section concerns anthropomorphic images of patron spirits, carved on handles and beaters or represented as figurines inserted in tambourines. The Lyapin Mansi practiced a custom of providing tambourines with figurines of guards, koipyng-pupyg. Traditionally, after the tambourine’s owner had died, the tambourine became a family patron spirit, whose image was supplied with specially sewn men’s clothes. In my view, the northern Ob Ugrian shamanism was underdeveloped, as evidenced by the shaman’s limited functions, absence of special attire, etc. The shamanic paraphernalia used by Khanty and Mansi are much scarcer than those associated with the cult of Mir-Susne-Khum. The main distribution areas of tambourines in the 20th to early 21st centuries are the basins of the Lyapin River (Mansi) and the Synya River (Khanty). Both belonged to the territory that, in the 18th–19th centuries, was the contact zone between Ob Ugrians and Nenets.
An alternative instrumental method for studying the morphofunctional state of eyelids in chronic blepharitis
Authors: Safonova Tatiana N. , Kintyukhina Nataliya P.
Published: October 2024

Background: To date, the assessment of morphofunctional changes within eyelids is performed using laser scanning confocal microscopy, which has extensive diagnostic capabilities. Identification of the indicators equivalence of this method and laser Doppler flowmetry will confirm the existence of an alternative, objective and economical method of eyelid examination in chronic blepharitis.
Aim: To prove the possibility of laser Doppler flowmetry application as an alternative method of eyelid morphofunctional state assessment.
Materials and methods: The study included 62 patients (124 eyes) with an established diagnosis of chronic mixed demodecticosis blepharitis, including 46 women and 16 men, mean age 65.8 ± 3.2 years, randomly assigned into two groups with identical age and gender composition. Group 1 patients (31 patients, 62 eyes) were treated with cosmeceuticals containing terpenes and terpenoids 2 times a day and tear substitute 3 times a day for 1.5 months. Group 2 patients (31 patients, 62 eyes) used an eyelid care gel containing sulphur medicaments 2 times a day and a tear substitute 3 times a day for 1.5 months. In addition to standard ophthalmological examination, laser Doppler flowmetry and laser scanning confocal microscopy were performed. Dynamic follow-up was performed after 1.5 and 3 months.
Results: The analysis of laser scanning confocal microscopy and laser Doppler flowmetry parameters revealed a high inverse correlation between the density of inflammatory cells of the eyelids tarsal conjunctiva and neurogenic oscillations of blood flow, as well as high direct correlation with the index of blood flow shunting. A marked direct correlation between the density index of meibomian gland acinuses and the parameters of myogenic oscillations of blood flow and neurogenic oscillations of lymph flow was established.
Conclusions: Pearson’s correlation analysis performed on laser scanning confocal microscopy and laser Doppler flowmetry parameters assessing the morphofunctional state of the eyelids demonstrated the presence of equivalence in both study groups with high statistical reliability. The obtained data confirm the possibility of using laser Doppler flowmetry method for objective assessment of eyelid condition and allow the parameters of this method to serve as criteria for choosing pathogenetically oriented therapy of chronic blepharitis with evaluation of its effectiveness.
Self-Regulation and Psychological Resilience as Predictors of the Academic Self-Efficacy of University Students
Authors: Sayın Kılıç Mine , Erduran Tekin Özge , Keçeci Berra
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of the self-regulation and psychological resilience levels of university students on their academic self-efficacy. The sample of this correlational study included a total of 520 university students enrolled in the Atatürk Faculty of Education at Marmara University. The Self-Regulation Scale, the Brief Resilience Scale, and the Academic Self-Efficacy Scale were used to collect data. It was determined that the psychological resilience levels of the participants varied based on their genders, while their self-regulation and self-efficacy levels did not differ based on the gender variable. Self-regulation and psychological resilience were found to be associated with academic self-efficacy, where self-regulation and psychological resilience together predicted academic self-efficacy.
The Relationship between Bullying, Organizational Silence and Sports Behaviors of Secondary School Students
Authors: Tan Çetin , Kızılkaya Aysel , Yağmurlu Neşe
Published: October 2024

This research was conducted to examine the perceptions of bullying, organizational silence and sports of secondary school students. According to the results of the research, the vast majority of the participants (75%) stated that they broke the rules at school. First of all, almost half of the participants stated that they prefer not to be exposed to bullying. Participants stated that they tried to explain the situation in general to those they thought were superior. In addition, resorting to physical violence, using psychological superiority and being patient are among the opinions expressed. It was determined that there were the same behaviors in the reactions given to them or given by themselves in the face of these behaviors. In the study, when the participants showed a bullying attitude to their friends, they stated that they would generally intervene and apply solutions in different ways in their own way.
Enfermedad de Huntington: Un abordaje desde lo celular y lo fisiológico
Authors: Avella Malaver Nicolás David , García Rubio Cristian Felipe , Castellanos Suárez María Alejandra , Aristizábal Ortiz Sarita , Flórez Abreu Steeven
Published: October 2024

La comprensión de las causas, desarrollo y tratamiento de la enfermedad de Huntington representan un reto para el personal médico, porque requiere una adecuada interpretación del plano genético, histológico y fisiopatológico del sistema nervioso. Entender a esta enfermedad neurodegenerativa no solo como un proceso resultado de una alteración genética, sino como un complejo modificado en red, de características morfológicas y fisiológicas de diferentes poblaciones celulares, permitirían generar una interpretación y abordaje puntual de la patología. El siguiente articulo describe las características celulares y metabólicas más relevantes de la enfermedad de Huntington buscando brindar al lector un reconociendo más integral de la enfermedad.