bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serum osteoprotegerin level in relation to ankle-brachial index among type 2 diabetic patients with subclinical hypothyroidism
Authors: Shoaeeb Ghada A. , Atef Marwa M. , Ezzat Sherif E. , Elahwal Loai M.
Published: May 2023

Background

Osteoprotegerin (OPG) acts as an important regulatory molecule in vascular disease. The presence of diabetes mellitus greatly increases the risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD), and also both subclinical and overt hypothyroidism have been clearly linked with dyslipidemia, which is a known risk factor for peripheral arterial disease.

Aim

We aimed to evaluate the relation between serum OPG and PAD among type 2 diabetic patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH).

Patients and methods

A total of 60 participants were enrolled in the study who were divided into three groups: group 1 included 20 type 2 diabetic patients with normal thyroid function, group 2 included 20 type 2 diabetic patients with SCH, and group 3 included 20 healthy participants. They were subjected to complete history taking, complete clinical examination, routine laboratory investigations, serum OPG level, neck ultrasound, and Doppler study for ankle-brachial index (ABI).

Results

We found that OPG levels were statistically elevated in type 2 diabetic patients with SCH group compared with type 2 diabetic patients with euthyroidism (P=0.040). Also there was lower ABI in type 2 diabetic patients with SCH compared with those with euthyroidism, showing an increased incidence of PAD in group 2 than group 1 and nondiabetic patients, with statistically significant results in between groups.

Conclusions

Our results found that diabetic patients with SCH revealed an independent association between thyroid-stimulating hormone and serum level of OPG. Likewise, we found a statistically significant difference between OPG level and ABI among type 2 diabetic patients. Therefore, OPG can act as a marker of PAD among diabetic patients with SCH.
Effect of vitamin D replacement therapy on laboratory parameters in hepatitis C virus cirrhotic patients
Authors: Radwan Amira M. , Tawfik Mohammed A. , Nagy Hala M. , Kotb Nesreen A.
Published: May 2023

Background

Liver is a crucial organ for vitamin D metabolism, so vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in liver cirrhosis patients. Hepatitis C is also a global infective disease caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) and chronic hepatitis leads to liver cirrhosis.

Aim

To evaluate vitamin D replacement therapy effect through laboratory parameters in HCV cirrhotic patients.

Patients and methods

Actual enrollment of 25 HCV cirrhotic patients (compensated and decompensated) with a 25(OH)D level of less than 30 ng/ml. All study population are subjected to be investigated at the baseline visit for 25(OH)D, ionized calcium, parathyroid hormone, complete blood count, random blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), renal function tests, and liver function tests. Study participants received appointments for follow-up visits during the 12 weeks of vitamin D replacement therapy.

Results

After 3 months of vitamin D replacement therapy, the vitamin D level significantly improved (P=0.001), with significant increase in ionized calcium (P=0.001) and HbA1C (P=0.001). Vitamin D was significantly decreased as the Child score progressed from A to C (P=0.001). There was a significantly negative correlation among vitamin D level, Child score, and prothrombin time. However there was significant positive correlation among vitamin D level, platelet count, albumin, and ionized calcium. These correlations were before and after treatment.

Conclusion

In HCV cirrhotic patients, supplementation with vitamin D significantly increased 25(OH)D level and ionized calcium. Also, this was associated with improvement of HbA1C, but there was no significant effect on liver function parameters.
Los gráficos, desde fuera de la redacción (7)
Authors: Clapers Jordi
Published: May 2023

El grafista Jordi Clapers es sin duda uno de los infografistas españoles con más experiencia en salidas de la redacción, para tomar los bocetos de los hechos a infografiar y de ello escribe en este nuevo artículo sobre infoperiodismo.

Se trata de la séptima entrega del libro colectivo sobre infografía periodística, iniciado por Mario R. García, del Poynter Institute de Florida (USA), y continuado por Elio Leturia, grafista del diario norteamericano The Detroit Free Press; por el catedrático de Periodismo José Manuel de Pablos, de la Universidad de La Laguna (Canarias), y por el ex director de arte del diario Le Monde (París), Michel Gafré.
Mundial de Catar: autogol o éxito para los patrocinadores. Análisis de los videos publicados en YouTube y la respuesta de la audiencia
Authors: Pérez-Seoane Jesús , Corbacho-Valencia Juan-Manuel , Abuín-Penas Javier
Published: May 2023

Introducción: Las polémicas que han rodeado al Mundial de fútbol de Catar han llevado a reprobar a las marcas patrocinadoras por vincular su imagen con un evento adjudicado de manera irregular, fraguado bajo sospechas de vulneración de los derechos humanos y celebrado en un país que no respeta los derechos de la mujer y cuyas leyes colisionan con los valores que se le presuponen a un evento deportivo global. Metodología: Desde una óptica descriptiva, se busca conocer el impacto reputacional que ha supuesto el patrocinio de la Copa Mundial de la FIFA para las marcas colaboradoras a través de un análisis de contenido de sus vídeos publicados en YouTube y la respuesta de sus audiencias. Resultados: Audiovisuales que se sitúan entre los más vistos del año y que no han provocado reacciones destacables entre las audiencias. Su acogida tiende a ser positiva sin que se advierta un número significativo de críticas por vincular su imagen a la de la competición. Discusión: Esta circunstancia nos lleva a cuestionar la idea, asumida en nuestra sociedad, de que el patrocinio del Mundial de Catar no ha sido rentable (o, al menos, ha tenido efectos negativos) para la imagen de las marcas que han asociado su imagen al evento, aunque es cierto que el impacto del patrocinio oscila en función del arraigo cultural para la marca. Conclusiones: La relevancia del campeonato es más destacable que los posibles efectos perjudiciales para las marcas, que apenas han sufrido consecuencias negativas por patrocinar el evento.
Impacts of Fines at Morupule Coal Mine, Botswana
Authors: Saubi Onalethata , S Suglo Raymond , Konka Bheemalingeswara
Published: May 2023

Morupule Coal Mine (MCM) classifies fines as coal particles that are less than 3.35 mm in size. Fines are one of the problems MCM is facing and have occasionally led to penalties from some customers. This paper quantifies the fines generated in MCM from the working face to the run-of-mine stockpile and its economic and environmental impacts. Data about the wash plant's production losses were collected through an examination of missed deadlines, stoppages due to tail-end blockages, and conveyor belt breakdowns using company reports. Data on coal dust concentrations were obtained from the mine. It was found that the overall haulage system generates about 27% of the fines of the coal produced monthly. The total monetary loss per shift from production and the wash plant is BWP 418,285. Coal dust concentration underground is kept within acceptable limits due to strict engineering control measures while it exceeds the required levels on the surface and is difficult to control as it is exposed to the atmosphere. As a result, the vegetation around the mining concession is affected by coal dust.

 

Fine generation; Dust production; Coal degeneration; Economic impact; environmental impact.
Characteristics of the Tensile Properties of Natural Fiber Reinforce PET
Authors: Rajkumar S R , R Raveen  , P Rishikesh  , bharathi M Sanjay , C Somu
Published: May 2023

Natural fiber composites frequently are used in a variety of applications of spacecraft and aircraft, ships, and construction work as a result of increased demands. Hemp and sisal fiber for reinforcement, and PET Resin were used for the preparation of composite materials in this project. The composite material specimens were prepared using the hand layup technique. The specimen is by with ASTM specifications using various percentages of the matrix and reinforcing components. we are making a trial using polyethylene terephthalate with 20% hemp, 20% sisal, 20% hemp + 10% sisal, and 20% sisal +10% hemp prepared. The mechanical behavior of the prepared com¬posite material was studied by conducting tensile test. The results showed that the specimen with PET + 20% hemp + 10% sisal has strengths and better mechanical behavior. Also, these have a high strength to weight ratio, are lightweight, are easy to manufacture, and have minimal production costs.
Smart Solar Agriculture Grass Cutting Robot
Authors: F. Jemisha  , Jothi S. Siva , Priyanka R. Siva , E. Ramola
Published: May 2023

The agricultural industry has benefited from increased automation, especially in the field of automation. In the past, people cut their own lawn by hand with grass cutters. Because the use of petroleum and diesel engines causes pollutants and degradation of energy. Therefore, automated cutters should be used in place of the conventional ones, with batteries acting as the system's power source and allowing it to operate as directed. This research suggests a smart solar agriculture grass cutting robot that is IoT based. A Bluetooth module, Arduino Uno microcontroller, Node MCU, battery, solar panel, and other components are used to do this. Rechargeable batteries can be charged using a power source or a solar panel. The DC motor's rotational speed and direction are controlled by the motor driver, and Node MCU monitors the DC motor as the system's brain. The Bluetooth module keeps track of the grass cutter robot's movements. This paper is entirely powered by automation and clean energy sources.
Çağdaş Türk Resim Sanatının Düğün Konulu Resimlerinde Bayrak İmgesi Kullanımı
Authors: SEVİNDİK İlyas
Published: May 2023

Tüm toplumlarda olduğu gibi Türk toplumunun da kendine has gelenek ve görenekleri vardır. Gelenek ve görenekler içerisinde düğün merasimi, aile kavramına atılan ilk adımlardan biri olarak görülebilir. Evlilik müessesiyle aile kavramına ilk adımın atıldığı bu ritüelin, Türk resim sanatı incelendiğinde milli ve maneviyatı şekillendiren bir anlayışla sanatçıların eserlerinde var olduğu, üretilen bu çalışmalarda duygu birikiminin en üst düzeyde sembolleştiği, sanatçıların kendi kültür pratiklerinden beslendiği görülmektedir. Estetik ve plastik değerlerin dışında bu çalışmada Türk resim sanatında geleneksel bir ritüel olan düğün resimleri ele alınırken milli birlik ve beraberliğin ayrılmaz bir parçası olan bayrak imgesine de vurgu yapılmıştır. Bayrak, bağımsızlık sembolü olmasının dışında, milletin sevinç ve tasada en üst duygularla birleştiği alanlarda bir gösterge olmuştur. Araştırma literatür taraması şeklinde yapılmış olup, düğün temasından yola çıkılarak eserlerinde bayrak imgesi olan sanatçılara yer verilmiştir. Böylece bir ritüelin haricinde iletişim biçimi olan düğün merasimlerinin bayrak imgesi ile neler anlatılabileceği üzerinde durulmuş, bu kültürel verilerin gelecek kuşaklarda farkındalık oluşturması amaçlanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler ışığında, bağımsızlık göstergesi olan bayrak imgesi ve düğün merasimlerinin, milli-manevi kültüre vurgu yaparak toplumu birleştirici rolünün bir iletişim göstergesi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Pharmacological action and Properties of Swasahara Mahakashaya in Swasa Roga: A Review.
Authors: Sharma Pariksha , Kumar Pandey Yogesh , Kumar Akshay
Published: May 2023

Swasa (Dyspnoea) is a Yapya vyadi (incurable but manageable) with Sthana Sanshraya (stage of localization) and Adhisthana (seat) as Pranavaha Srotas (respiratory channel). In modern medicine, it broadly involves lungs and heart as main site of pathology. They generally involve infective, allergic, genetic, occupational aetiology. So, the drug or group of drugs which act directly on Pranvaha Srotas, or on the disease will help in alleviation of disease. Charak mentioned these drugs as Swasahara Mahakashaya, a group of ten drugs which have direct action on the disease. This review will focus on establishing the action of these drugs on various conditions resulting in Dyspnoea as a prominent symptom. It will explore various causes of dyspnoea and factors responsible for dyspnoea, along with ayurvedic properties as well as pharmacological action of various active components of each individual drug on cellular level.
Optimal Portfolio with Sustainable Attitudes under Cumulative Prospect Theory
Authors: Kaucic Massimiliano , Piccotto Filippo , Sbaiz Gabriele , Valentinuz Giorgio
Published: May 2023

Abstract

In the last five years, extreme events such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the Ukrainian crisis have highlighted the importance of corporate social responsibility and sustainable principles. Consequently, the investment process is changing toward more ethical choices. In this context, we extend the classical optimization framework under the cumulative prospect theory (CPT) in two directions. We first consider an agent who maximizes a financial CPT-value function preselecting the assets to be included in the portfolio based on their environmental, social, and governance (ESG) scores. Then, we develop a bi-objective model that optimizes financial and sustainable CPT-value functions at the same time. Numerical results obtained on an investable universe from the constituents of the STOXX Europe 600 show that introducing ESG information improves the portfolio’s financial performance.

JEL classification numbers: C63, G11, G17.
Keywords: Cumulative prospect theory, ESG scores, portfolio optimization, genetic algorithm, European stock exchange.
Exploratory Research Design in Management Science: A Review of Literature on Conduct and Application
Authors: Olawale SAKA Rahmon , Chinagozi OSADEME Gloria , Joe ONONOKPONO Nyong
Published: May 2023

The study examined the conduct and application of exploratory research design in management science. The study adopted an exploratory research design. Articles that utilised exploratory research design in management sciences were reviewed using a content analysis. Further, an evaluation of the types and methodologies, conduct, and application of exploratory research design in the field of management sciences was carried out. The study’s findings revealed that some researchers used exploratory research design appropriately in their studies, whereas others did not, resulting in inappropriate research design usage. The study concluded that knowledge of exploratory research design could help researchers better define, understand research problems, and advance research in management sciences. The study recommended that, researchers should choose research designs that they are most comfortable with and feel most competent to handle, but the choice should ideally be based on the nature of the research phenomenon being studied and information available.
Глубокий интернет вещей
Authors: Карцан И.Н. , Контылева Е. А.
Published: May 2023

Представлено исследование современных технологий и инструментов, используемых в глубоком интернете, а также оценка связанных с ними рисков. В связи с тем, что тот интернет, которым мы пользуемся ежедневно, называют «поверхностной сетью» (от англ. «surface web»), то для получения доступа к такому интернету не нужны специальные средства, достаточно работающего подключения. Все страницы «поверхностного» интернета легко найти с помощью любого поисковика с релевантным поиском, а действия пользователей в такой сети и данные о запросах и результаты поиска доступны интернет-провайдерам, поэтому данная работа представляет интерес для исследователей в области информационной безопасности, а также для тех, кто хочет более глубоко понимать технологии и риски, связанные с глубоким интернетом. В представленной работе проведена оценка глубокого интернета, проанализированы некоторые преступления с их последствиями и методы борьбы с ними, а также будущие возможности, принудительные методы и будущие маневры для уменьшения угрозы преступности.
Uso de las redes neuronales para determinar la calificación de una aplicación publicada en Google Play Store
Authors: Tito Durand Rudy Roberto , Guevara Gutierrez Marcelo Andre , Moran Fuño Jeampier Anderson , Alvan Ventura Edsel Yael
Published: May 2023

La inteligencia artificial es la combinación de algoritmos escritos en forma de código computacional con el fin de que se ejecuten en una computadora para emular comportamientos similares a la inteligencia humana. En este trabajo, se buscará el uso de las redes neuronales, las cuales son parte de la inteligencia artificial y, nos permiten solucionar problemas de predicción. Se modificará un dataset basado en las descargas de aplicaciones de Google Play Store y sus características y se procesará la información para obtener información de salida.
Conceito de riqueza e educação financeira como prática de si
Authors: Souza Jéssica Ignácio de , Flores Cláudia Regina
Published: May 2023

Uma educação financeira se inscreve na Base Nacional Comum Curricular em articulação aos conteúdos da matemática que se ensina na escola. Além disso, nota-se um interesse no campo da pesquisa em Educação Matemática, que passa a tomar a educação financeira como um problema a ser investigado para os processos de ensino e aprendizagem. Isso posto, objetiva-se apresentar reflexões sobre a inserção do tema educação financeira no currículo da matemática escolar analisando a relação histórica entre dinheiro, riqueza e bens materiais e a constituição de subjetividades. Para isso, problematizamos sobre a riqueza ao apresentar os conselhos de conduta de textos da Antiguidade e, a partir das contribuições de Michel Foucault, mostramos como essa questão foi formada e tratada no Renascimento, Classicismo e sua passagem à Modernidade. Por fim, mostraremos como a educação financeira pode constituir subjetividades e como pode ser constituída pela episteme atual.
Fashion-ology
Authors: Kawamura Yuniya
Published: May 2023

This new edition of a classic work offers a concise introduction to the sociology of fashion, and demystifies the workings of the fashion system. From the origins of fashion studies and the difference between clothing and fashion, through to an examination of 21st century subcultures, and the impact of the digital age on designers, Fashion-ology explores fashion as a global, institutionalized system. With accessible overviews of key debates, issues and perspectives, Yuniya Kawamura provides a complete exploration of the field.

Two new chapters have been added for this third edition, covering ‘The Diversification and Changing Landscapes of Fashion Systems’ and ‘Ecological and Social Sustainability in Fashion’ respectively.

There’s also more on:

- the metaverse as the latest fashion system

- the de-Westernization of fashion

- postmodern discourse on fashion’s relationship to race, gender and class

- social media as consumption, production, evaluation, and marketing

- fashion weeks, including Modest Fashion Week, Black Fashion Week, the Global Sustainability Fashion Week, and Queer Fashion Week

There’s also a guide to sociological research in fashion, making this essential reading for anyone studying fashion, sociology, anthropology, or cultural studies.
Coverage in Dutch Newspapers of
Earthquakes in Italy and Beyond
before Lisbon 1755
Authors: Koopmans Joop W.
Published: May 2023

This chapter discusses tidings about earthquakes retrieved from the digitised
Dutch newspapers before the Lisbon Earthquake of 1755. It focuses
on how these newspapers reported about previous earthquakes and how
detailed their contents were. Other addressed questions: Which parts of
the world did they deal with most frequently, did they explain the causes
of earthquakes, and what type of media culture do they represent? This
chapter demonstrates that readers of early modern Dutch newspapers were
already familiar with earthquake reports long before 1755. These papers
mainly treated data, although within the existing societal framework.
They represented, as far as possible, a media culture of accuracy, although
sometimes with a touch of sensationalism. Readers could read dominant
opinions only between the lines and draw conclusions for themselves.
The widely accepted idea was that earthquakes were punishments from
God and that people should repent their sins.
PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF PROSES FOTOSINTESIS PADA TUMBUHAN BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA
Authors: Zulkifli  , Sriwinar  , Fitria Rizki
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bermula dari permasalahan tentang proses fotosintesis pada tumbuhan. Media pembelajaran merupakan hal yang penting dalam menunjang proses pembelajaran. Sebagian besar proses belajar mengajar saat ini masih menggunakan metode pembelajaran konvesional atau hanya mengandalkan buku ajar. Sistem ini sangat efektif digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran, karena sistem ini menjadikan siswa dapat mengetahui bagaimana proses fotosintesis pada tumbuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat media pembelajaran interaktif yang dapat digunakan oleh guru maupun siswa untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses fotosintesis pada tumbuhan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pustaka, yaitu metode pencarian dan pengumpulan data dengan cara mencari referensi atau teori yang diperlukan dari berbagai sumber wacana yang berkaitan. Dari hasil perancangan aplikasi pembelajaran yang dihasilkan dengan menggunakan Adobe Flash Profesional CS.5 disimpulkan bahwa dengan adanya video media pembelajaran interaktif proses fotosintesis pada tumbuhan berbasis multimedia, menjadikan siswa dapat dengan mudah memahami tentang proses fotosintesis pada tumbuhan. Sehingga, diharapkan dapat membantu siswa dalam memahami pembelajaran ini. Aplikasi pembelajaran ini sangat mudah digunakan karena aplikasinya sederhana dan objektif
PENINGKATAN HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS (HOTS) MAHASISWA PGSD MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN RADEC
Authors: Zuhra Fatma , Safarati Nanda , Jasmaniah
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan Higher Order Thinking Skilss (HOTS) mahasiswa PGSD melalui penerapan model pembelajaran RADEC (Read-Answer-Discuss-Explain and Create). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode quasi eksperimen dan desain one group pretest posttest design. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester II unit D yang berjumlah 23 orang, dipilih menggunakan teknik sampling purposive. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada mata kuliah Konsep Dasar IPA SD II materi alat optik. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah soal HOTS yang disusun dalam bentuk uraian terbuka sebanyak 10 soal. Peningkatan HOTS mahasiswa dianalisis melalui perhitungan indeks gain (N-Gain). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran RADEC dapat meningkatkan HOTS mahasiswa PGSD. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa model pembelajaran RADEC sebagai model pembelajaran inovatif terbaru yang dapat membangun keterampilan abad 21 khususnya HOTS.
Intelligentes, nutzerfreundliches, routinetaugliches System für das biofeedbackbasierte Beckenbodentraining
Authors: Jachan Deborah Elisabeth , Linti Carsten , Blocher Sandra
Published: May 2023

Ziel des Projekts PelFit ist die Entwicklung der PelFit-Panty als ein neuartiges, individualisierbares und funktionales Produkt für den Einsatz in der physikalischen Therapie. Die alltagstaugliche Panty integriert eine Sensorik zur extrakorporalen Nutzung sowie ein biofeedbackbasiertes Trainingsmodul zur Überwachung des Beckenbodentrainings. Ziel des Kooperationsvorhabens ist es, der Patientin die Möglichkeit zu eröffnen, die Panty als Unterstützung für das Beckenbodentraining im Alltag zu nutzen. Sie wird so konzipiert, dass die Anwenderin in Bezug auf den Tragekomfort und das Aussehen keinen Unterschied zur herkömmlichen Unterwäsche verspürt. Die initiale Einmessung der Elektrodenlage soll vor jedem Trainingsstart stattfinden, in kurzer Zeit erfolgen und beliebig oft wiederholbar sein. Die Auswertung der gemessenen Daten sowie das Biofeedback finden in Echtzeit auf einem mobilen Endgerät statt. Zusätzlich wird die Möglichkeit einer telemedizinischen Therapiekontrolle durch den behandelnden Arzt oder die behandelnde Ärztin umgesetzt.
Da geht noch mehr
Authors: Roth Sascha
Published: May 2023

Biomasse als wichtiger Bestandteil einer nachhaltigen Kreislaufwirtschaft wird von der Politik und von manchen öffentlich-rechtlichen Entsorgungsträgern sträflich vernachlässigt. Das ist ein waschechter Müllskandal, denn eine moderne Bioabfallverwertung bietet zahlreiche Möglichkeiten, das Klima, die Umwelt und die Ressourcen zu schonen. Ein Standpunkt von Sascha Roth, BDE.
Recycling bleibt brandgefährlich
Authors: Nigl Thomas , Mostböck Ines , Pomberger Roland
Published: May 2023

Aus brandschutztechnischer Sicht kommt die Abfall- und Kreislaufwirtschaft in den letzten Jahren nicht zur Ruhe. Die starke Zunahme an Brandfällen bedroht einerseits unmittelbar das Tagesgeschäft – Stichworte Infrastrukturverlust und Betriebsunterbrechungsschaden – und wirkt sich andererseits negativ auf die Versicherbarkeit der gesamten Branche aus.
Ist CCU chemisches Recycling?
Authors: Hugo Pascal
Published: May 2023

Das chemische Recycling bringt einiges durcheinander in der bis dahin so geordneten Abfallwelt. Doch zählt auch CCU zum Chemischen Recycling? Eine klare Antwort auf diese Frage gibt es bislang nicht. Eindeutig ist die Sache nur beim Hausmüll.
„Klimaschutz ist ein Investment“
Authors: Hugo Pascal
Published: May 2023

Henner Buhck ist in Sachen Klimaschutz Überzeugungstäter und Unternehmer zugleich. Klimaschutz ist für ihn eine Frage der unternehmerischen Verantwortung. Das Hamburger Familienunternehmen soll bis 2030 klimaneutral sein – nicht durch Kompensation, sondern durch eigene Projekte. Und er will andere Unternehmer überzeugen, mitzumachen. Ein Portrait.
Revolution im Bekleidungsmarkt
Authors: Reichert Andreas
Published: May 2023

Seit der Jahrtausendwende hat sich die Zahl der weltweit produzierten Kleidungsstücke auf mehr als 100 Milliarden verdoppelt. Doch was passiert mit der getragenen und aussortierten Kleidung?
Aktionsgeschäft belastet Handel
Authors: Tewes Werner , Hofmann Janine , Stockburger Manfred
Published: May 2023

Die Handelsbranche beginnt die negativen Folgen des wachsenden Aktionsgeschäfts zu spüren. Die Margen geraten vielerorts unter Druck. Rewe soll im Kerngeschäft in Deutschland zuletzt Ergebnis-Budgets verfehlt haben. Andernorts dürfte die Situation indes noch schwieriger sein.
Rügenwalder und Nestlé verlieren Marktanteile
Authors: Adelhardt Andrea
Published: May 2023

Während der Markt der Fleischalternativen zulegt, kämpfen zwei Hersteller der Top fünf mit Rückgängen. Der Marktführer Rügenwalder Mühle und die Nestlé-Marke Garden Gourmet entwickeln sich unter dem Marktniveau.
Fleischbranche will für sich werben
Authors: Lenders Dirk , Herberg Ruth
Published: May 2023

Die Zahl der geschlachteten Schweine sinkt seit sechs Jahren. Das führt zur Konsolidierung bei den Fleischunternehmen. Dem sinkenden Konsum wollen diese mit einer Imagekampagne begegnen.
Paypal baut Marktposition aus
Authors: Rode Jörg
Published: May 2023

Paypal setzt seinen Siegeszug unter den Zahlungsmitteln beim Internet-Shopping in Deutschland fort. Das zeigt die neue Online-Payment-Studie des EHI. Paypal deckt umsatzmäßig knapp 30 Prozent des Marktes ab.
Einstieg in den CO2-Zertifikatehandel
Authors: Zietz Rouven
Published: May 2023

Frankfurt a.M. Im Mai 2022 wurde das Projekt auf dem Pilotbetrieb von Heinrich Esser in Erftstadt gestartet. Mit der Aussaat von Winterweizen im Herbst 2022 wurden auf acht Versuchsflächen verschiedene pflanzenbauliche Maßnahmen etabliert, um die CO₂-Emissionen zu reduzieren.
Effect of Moringa Oleifera Leaves on Bisphenol-A Induced Histological Changes of Hepatocytes in Albino Rats
Authors: Zaheer Attya , Nazir Shakeela , Sidiqque Nazia , Qamar Fatima , Hussain Ashiq , Ahmed Mushtaq
Published: May 2023

Objectives: To observe the effects of Moringa Oleifera leaves extract on BPA induced changes (Diameter of hepatocytes and vacuolization) in liver of rats.

Study Design: Experimental study, conducted at Post Graduate Medical Institute.

Methodology: This study was performed on 32 adult rats for seven weeks. They were divided into 4 equal groups A, B, C and D. Group A was control received corn oil only. Group B, received BPA only 50mg/kg/bw. Group C and D received BPA 50mg/kg along with MoLE 250mg and 500mg.  Liver was removed and was fixed in 10% formalin.  To observe the effect of BPA and MoLE, slides were prepared for histological examination. For Hepatocytes, diameter and vacuolization was observed. The statistical analysis of results was done by using SPSS 21.

Result: In group B, vacuolization (87.5% of animals) and statistical significant increase in mean diameter (19.7±1.3)  of hepatocytes was seen.  Presence of vacuoles has presumably lead to an increase  in diameter . However  in Groups C 50% of animals showed vacuolization and mean mean hepatocyte diameter was 17.0±1.1. In Group D  25% of animals showed vacuolization and mean mean hepatocyte diameter decreased to14.6±1 after administration of MoLE.
SERUM ISCHEMIA MODIFIED ALBUMIN LEVELS IN DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
Authors: Rasheed Chaudhry Sana , Rashid Chaudhry Zunnera , Iqbal Komal , Rashid Chaudhry Erum , Lodhi Hifza Noor , Yasmin Samita , Saeed Muniza
Published: May 2023

Background.

This study was planned determine and compare the levels of ischemia modified albumin in controls and diabetic patients with and without retinopathy.

Materials and Methods: Diabetic Clinic of Lahore General Hospital was selected the conduction of the study in collaboration with an opthalmologists from September 2014-May 2015. 60 subjects of either sex were chosen and were separated into 3 groups with 20 subjects in each group. Group 1 was of normal healthy controls, group 2 of diabetics without retinopathy and group 3 of diabetics with retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy was diagnosed by an ophthalmologist by an indirect method using a 90D lens on slit lamp examination, and IMA levels were determined by rapid calorimetric method.

Results: The median (IQR) of serum levels of IMA in three groups were 0.51(0.43-0.54) in group I, 0.59(0.53-0.61) in group II and 0.63(0.59-0.71) ABSU .A significantly higher IMA levels in diabetics with retinopathy were seen as compared to diabetic without retinopathy and control with a p value of 0.00 respectively.

Conclusion: Our study concludes that serum IMA levels raise as the diabetes progresses in its complications.
SELF-ASSESSMENT TOOL FOR RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Authors: Fahim Ayesha , Muhammad Sharjeel Ilyas  , Khalid Waheed
Published: May 2023

it's a short communication.
A seasonal analysis of aerosol NO3− sources and NOx oxidation pathways in the Southern Ocean marine boundary layer
Authors: Burger Jessica M. , Joyce Emily , Hastings Meredith G. , Spence Kurt A. M. , Altieri Katye E.
Published: May 2023

Abstract. Nitrogen oxides, collectively referred to as NOx (NO + NO2), are an important component of atmospheric chemistry involved in
the production and destruction of various oxidants that contribute to the
oxidative capacity of the troposphere. The primary sink for NOx is
atmospheric nitrate, which has an influence on climate and the
biogeochemical cycling of reactive nitrogen. NOx sources and NOx-to-NO3- formation pathways remain poorly constrained in the remote
marine boundary layer of the Southern Ocean, particularly outside of
the more frequently sampled summer months. This study presents seasonally
resolved measurements of the isotopic composition (δ15N,
δ18O, and Δ17O) of atmospheric nitrate in coarse-mode (> 1 µm) aerosols, collected between South Africa and
the sea ice edge in summer, winter, and spring. Similar latitudinal trends in δ15N–NO3- were observed in summer and spring,
suggesting similar NOx sources. Based on δ15N–NO3-, the main NOx sources were likely a
combination of lightning, biomass burning, and/or soil emissions at the low
latitudes, as well as oceanic alkyl nitrates and snowpack emissions from
continental Antarctica or the sea ice at the mid-latitudes and high latitudes,
respectively. Snowpack emissions associated with photolysis were derived
from both the Antarctic snowpack and snow on sea ice. A
combination of natural NOx sources, likely transported from the lower-latitude Atlantic, contribute to the background-level NO3- observed
in winter, with the potential for a stratospheric NO3- source evidenced by one sample of Antarctic origin. Greater values of δ18O–NO3- in
spring and winter compared to summer suggest an increased influence of
oxidation pathways that incorporate oxygen atoms from O3 into the end
product NO3- (i.e. N2O5, DMS, and halogen oxides (XO)). Significant linear relationships between δ18O and Δ17O suggest isotopic mixing between H2O(v) and O3 in winter and isotopic mixing between H2O(v) and O3/XO in
spring. The onset of sunlight in spring, coupled with large sea ice extent, can activate chlorine chemistry with the potential to increase peroxy radical concentrations, contributing to oxidant chemistry in the marine boundary layer. As a result, isotopic mixing with an additional third end-member (atmospheric O2) occurs in spring.
Methane, ethane, and propane production in Greenland ice core samples and a first isotopic characterization of excess methane
Authors: Mühl Michaela , Schmitt Jochen , Seth Barbara , Lee James E. , Edwards Jon S. , Brook Edward J. , Blunier Thomas , Fischer Hubertus
Published: May 2023

Abstract. Air trapped in polar ice provides unique records of the past
atmospheric composition ranging from key greenhouse gases such as methane
(CH4) to short-lived trace gases like ethane (C2H6) and
propane (C3H8). Recently, the comparison of CH4 records
obtained using different extraction methods revealed disagreements in the
CH4 concentration for the last glacial in Greenland ice. Elevated
methane levels were detected in dust-rich ice core sections measured
discretely, pointing to a process sensitive to the melt extraction technique. To shed light on the underlying mechanism, we performed targeted experiments and analyzed samples for methane and the short-chain alkanes ethane and propane covering the time interval from 12 to 42 kyr. Here, we report our findings of these elevated alkane concentrations, which scale linearly with the amount of mineral dust within the ice samples. The alkane production happens during the melt extraction step of the classic wet-extraction technique and reaches 14 to 91 ppb of CH4 excess in dusty ice samples. We document for the first time a co-production of excess methane, ethane, and propane, with the observed concentrations for ethane and propane exceeding their past atmospheric background at least by a factor of 10. Independent of the produced amounts, excess alkanes were produced in a fixed molar ratio of approximately 14:2:1, indicating a shared origin. The measured carbon isotopic signature of excess methane is (-47.0±2.9) ‰ and its deuterium isotopic signature is (-326±57) ‰. With the co-production ratios of excess alkanes
and the isotopic composition of excess methane we established a fingerprint
that allows us to constrain potential formation processes. This fingerprint
is not in line with a microbial origin. Moreover, an adsorption–desorption
process of thermogenic gas on dust particles transported to Greenland
does not appear very likely. Instead, the alkane pattern appears to be
indicative of abiotic decomposition of organic matter as found in soils and
plant leaves.
Mangrove ecosystem properties regulate high water levels in a river delta
Authors: Pelckmans Ignace , Belliard Jean-Philippe , Dominguez-Granda Luis E. , Slobbe Cornelis , Temmerman Stijn , Gourgue Olivier
Published: May 2023

Abstract. Intertidal wetlands, such as mangroves in the tropics, are increasingly recognized for their role in nature-based mitigation of coastal flood risks. Yet it is still poorly understood how effective they are in attenuating the propagation of extreme sea levels through large (order of 100 km2) estuarine or deltaic systems, with complex geometry formed by networks of branching channels intertwined with mangrove and intertidal flat areas. Here, we present a delta-scale hydrodynamic modelling study, aiming to explicitly account for these complex landforms, for the case of the Guayas delta (Ecuador), the largest estuarine system at the Pacific coast of Latin America. Despite coping with data scarcity, our model accurately reproduces the observed propagation of high water levels during a spring tide. Further, based on a model sensitivity analysis, we show that high water levels are most sensitive to the mangrove platform elevation and degree of channelization, but to a much lesser extent to vegetation-induced friction. Mangroves with a lower surface elevation, lower vegetation density and higher degree of channelization all favour a more efficient flooding of the mangroves and therefore more effectively attenuate the high water levels in the deltaic channels. Our findings indicate that vast areas of channelized mangrove forests, rather than densely vegetated forests, are most effective for nature-based flood risk mitigation in a river delta.
Climatological assessment of the vertically resolved optical and microphysical aerosol properties by lidar measurements, sunphotometer, and in-situ observations over 17 years at UPC Barcelona
Authors: Lolli Simone , Sicard Michaël , Amato Francesco , Comeron Adolfo , Gíl-Diaz Cristina , Landi Tony C. , Munoz-Porcar Constantino , Oliveira Daniel , Dios Otin Federico , Rocadenbosch Francesc , Rodriguez-Gomez Alejandro , Alastuey Andrés , Querol Xavier , Reche Cristina
Published: May 2023

Abstract. Aerosols are one of the most important pollutants in the atmosphere and have been monitored for the past few decades by both remote sensing and in situ observation platforms to assess the effectiveness of government-managed reduction emission policies and assess their impact on the radiative budget of the Earth's atmosphere. In fact, aerosols can directly modulate incoming short-wave solar radiation and outgoing long-wave radiation and indirectly influence cloud formation, lifetime, and precipitation. In this study, we quantitatively evaluated long-term temporal trends and seasonal variability from a climatological point of view of the optical and microphysical properties of atmospheric particulate matter at the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain, over the past 17 years, through a synergy of lidar, sunphotometer, and in situ concentration measurements. Interannual temporal changes in aerosol optical and microphysical properties are evaluated through the seasonal Mann-Kendall test. Long-term trends in the optical depth of the recovered aerosol, the Ångström exponent (AE) and the concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 reveal that emission reduction policies implemented in the last decades were effective in improving air quality, with consistent drops in PM concentrations and optical depth of aerosols. The seasonal analysis of the 17-year average vertically resolved aerosol profiles obtained from lidar observations shows that during summer the aerosol layer can be found up to an altitude of 5 km, after a sharp decay in the first km. In contrast, during the other seasons, the backscatter profiles fit a pronounced exponential decay well with a well-defined scale height. Long-range transport, especially dust outbreaks from the Sahara Desert, is likely to occur throughout the year. During winter, the dust aerosol layers are floating above the boundary layer, while during the other seasons they can penetrate the layer. This study sheds some light on meteorological processes and conditions that can lead to haze formation and helps decision makers adopt mitigation strategies to preserve large metropolitan areas in the Mediterranean basin.
Atmospheric bias teleconnections associated with systematic SST errors in the tropical Indian Ocean
Authors: Zhao Yuan-Bing , Žagar Nedjeljka , Lunkeit Frank , Blender Richard
Published: May 2023

Abstract. State-of-the-art climate models suffer from significant sea surface temperature (SST) biases in the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO), greatly damaging the climate prediction and projection. In this study, we investigate the multidecadal atmospheric bias teleconnections caused by the TIO SST bias and their impacts on the simulated atmospheric variability. A set of century long simulations forced with idealized SST perturbations, resembling various persistent TIO SST biases in coupled climate models, are conducted with an intermediate complexity atmospheric model. Bias analysis is performed using the normal-mode function decomposition which can differentiate between balanced and unbalanced flow regimes across spatial scales. The results show that the atmospheric circulation biases caused by the TIO SST bias have the Gill-Matsuno-type pattern in the tropics and Rossby wave-train distribution in the extratropics, similar to the steady state response to tropical heating. The teleconnection between the tropical and extratropical biases is set up by the Rossby wave-train emanating from the subtropics. Over 90 % of the bias variance is contained in planetary scales (zonal wavenumber k ≤ 5). These biases have great impacts on the simulated energy and interannual variance (IAV). The zonal-mean-flow energy and the extratropical (balanced) wave-flow energy responses are closely related to bias phase (i.e., the covariance between the bias and reference state). In contrast, the tropical (both unbalanced and balanced) wave-flow energy responses are primarily associated with bias amplitude. The response of the IAV is contingent upon the sign of the SST bias. A positive SST bias reduces the IAV, whereas a negative SST bias increases it, regardless of dynamical regimes. Geographically, strong IAV responses are observed in the tropical Indo-west Pacific region, Australia, south and northeast Asia, the Pacific-North America region and Europe, where the background IAVs are strong.
Disentangling the effect of geomorphological features and tall shrubs on snow depth variation in a sub-Arctic watershed using UAV derived products
Authors: Shirley Ian , Uhlemann Sebastian , Peterson John , Bennett Katrina , Hubbard Susan S. , Dafflon Baptiste
Published: May 2023

Abstract. Spatial variation in snow depth is a main driver of heterogeneity in discontinuous permafrost landscapes, exerting a strong control on thermal and hydrological processes, vegetation dynamics, and carbon cycling. Topography and vegetation are understood to play an important role in driving variation in snow depth, but complex morphology often impedes efforts to disentangle these drivers. Maps of ground, vegetation and snow surface elevation were collected using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) over multiple years across a watershed on the Seward Peninsula in Alaska. Here, we quantify drivers of snow depth variation using the inferred maps of snow depth during peak snow accumulation in 2019 and 2022 and collocated ground surface elevation and vegetation height. A novel approach to extract microtopographic information from complex landscape morphologies is used to classify different features (e.g. drainage paths, risers and terraces, thermokarst patterned ground) and characterize their relationships with snow depth variation. A simple model developed using topographic information alone is shown to correlate strongly with local snow depth variation where vegetation height is low. We build a machine learning model to quantify snow trapping by shrub canopies in the watershed and show that snow trapping can be characterized by an exponential function of canopy height above snow (RMSE = 0.12 m, R2 = 0.5). Finally, we demonstrate that relationships between microtopography, vegetation height, and snow depth hold in years of deep and shallow snowpack. These results can be applied to improve representation of heterogeneity and vegetation-snow feedbacks in Earth System Models and to increase the spatial resolution of pan-arctic estimates of snow depth.
Calibrating low-cost rain gauge sensors for their applications in IoT infrastructures to densify environmental monitoring networks
Authors: Krüger Robert , Karrasch Pierre , Eltner Anette
Published: May 2023

Abstract. Environmental observations are crucial for understanding the state of the environment. However, current observation networks are limited in spatial and temporal resolution due to high costs. For many applications, data acquisition with a higher resolution would be desirable. Recently, Internet of Things (IoT) -enabled low-cost sensor systems offer a solution to this problem. While low-cost sensors may have lower quality than sensors in official measuring networks, they can still provide valuable data. This study describes the requirements for such a low-cost sensor system, presents two implementations, and evaluates the quality of the factory calibration for a widely used low-cost precipitation sensor. Here, twenty sensors have been tested for an 8-month period against three reference instruments at the meteorological site of the TU Dresden. Further, the factory calibration of 66 rain gauges has been evaluated in the lab. Results show that the used sensor falls short for the desired out-of-the-box use case. Nevertheless, it could be shown that the accuracy could be improved by further calibration.