bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climatic Data Trend Analysis by Mann Kendal Test and Innovative Trend Analysis: A Case Study of Taloqan River at Takhar, Afghanistan.
Authors: Rasooly Shujahuddin Sayed , Azimi Alem Sayed
Published: October 2024

Climate change is taking place due to increased population and anthropogenic activities. The impacts of climate change have increased the demand for sustainable management of water resources. The semi-arid climatic zone is widely affected by climate change. Afghanistan is vulnerable to climate change because of its climate and variable precipitation. This research has studied the trend analysis of climatic data in the Taloqan River, which is being utilized for drinking and irrigation. The recorded data of the Tangi-Farkhar hydro meteorological station from 2008 to 2021 is used in this work. The non-parametric Mann-Kendall (MK) trend test and the Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA) method are utilized in this investigation. This study has found an increasing trend in the mean value of temperature in May across the period of study but no trend in annual temperature data according to the MK test with a 95 percent confidence level. The ITA shows an increasing trend in the annual temperature data, a decreasing trend in precipitation, and a non-monotonic negative increasing trend in discharge. The MK test has presented no trend in the annual data of precipitation and discharge and showed an increasing trend in the mean discharge value in October and November across the study period.
The Impact of Climate Change on Sultan Dam
Authors: Esmati Samiullah
Published: October 2024

The Sultan Dam, located in the Jaghatu District of wardak province of Afghanistan, is a crucial water resource supporting irrigation, hydropower generation, and domestic and industrial water supply. However, the dam is increasingly vulnerable to the impact of climate change. This study assesses the specific impact of climate change on the Sultan Dam during the period of 2015 to 2023. By employing a multidisciplinary approach, including historical climate data analysis, hydrological modeling, and GIS, the study examines changes in water resources, sedimentation patterns, and reservoir dynamics. The analysis focuses on climate change-related effects such as shifts in precipitation patterns, temperature variations, and changes in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events like droughts and floods. The findings highlight the significant challenges faced by the dam and its water resources due to climate change such as a lack of water capacity, the collapse of the wall of sultan dam, lack of agricultural products, heavy rains, increase of floods and soil erosion and so on. Recommendations include enhancing water management practices, upgrading dam infrastructure, and integrating climate-informed operations. Incorporating an integrated water resource management approach, promoting public awareness, and investing in ecological restoration efforts are crucial for improving the dam's resilience and ensuring sustainable water availability. The study's outcomes provide valuable insights for policymakers, decision-makers, and researchers working towards effective climate change adaptation strategies for the Sultan Dam and similar water resources in the region.
Exploring the Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture: The Case of Devastating Floods of 2022 in Balochistan, Pakistan
Authors: Panezai Sanaullah , Kakar Asma Khan
Published: October 2024

Climate change induced devastating floods are becoming more regular, especially in Pakistan. Especially the 2022 floods are an excellent example. Objective: The objective of this research is to determine how the 2022 flood have affected agriculture in the Qila Saifullah District of Balochistan, Pakistan. For this case study research, a quantitative approach was used. Through a household survey, primary data were collected from farmers. Result: The findings showed that floods 2022 has negatively affected the livestock and agricultural farms in the study area, eventually affected their livelihood. The maximum number of crops were five. Out of the total, 96.7% of the crops were fully damaged due to the flood. The farms having less than 20 trees were highly 73.9% damaged. Similarly, the farms with less than 30 trees were highly (88.5%) damaged due to floods. The data showed that small farmers had great losses. Conclusion: The finding demonstrates that flooding is often viewed as a major natural hazard due to its potential to cause disease, property damage, fatalities, infrastructure damage, and disruption of public services. Devastating floods of 2022 have caused severe losses to livestock and agricultural farms in Balochistan. The findings of this study suggest that preparedness and mitigation measures to climate change induced disasters such as floods can reduce the extent of losses in future.
The Impact of Renewable Energy on Sustainable Economic Growth in Afghanistan
Authors: Tayeb Mohammad Bilal , Rahnuma Muhammad Sadiq , Ghafourzay Hamayoun
Published: October 2024

The present study has been conducted to investigate the impact of renewable energy on the sustainable economic growth of Afghanistan. This research focuses on examining the ranking of the effects of renewable energy sources on economic growth. In this study, secondary data sources were utilized to describe the situation in Afghanistan regarding renewable energy and its utilization possibilities. Meanwhile, primary data from 195 experts in energy, water, and electricity, environmental specialists, economists, and several firms in Kabul were collected to assess its economic impacts. The sample was selected through simple random sampling. A questionnaire was used as the data collection tool, designed structurally based on the Likert spectrum and theoretically supported by various economic theories. The reliability of the questionnaire was ensured using Cronbach's alpha, which yielded satisfactory results (α = 0.94). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software through various statistical methods such as KMO, Bartlett's test, factor analysis, composite reliability, convergent validity, discriminant validity, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, regression analysis, and the coefficient of variation. The findings indicate that hydro energy can significant contribute to a positive change of 0.358% and solar energy can significant contribute to 0.412% in sustainable economic growth in Afghanistan. But wind energy has insignificant impact on economic growth in Afghanistan. The results of the study suggest that solar, hydro, and wind energy can have considerable effects on sustainable economic growth in Afghanistan. In conclusion, the research results confirm the hypothesis, asserting that the uses of renewable energy contribute to improving the sustainable economic growth in Afghanistan.
Climate Change, Communication, and Education: Bridging Gaps for a Sustainable Future; Case Study of First-Year Social Science Students of Federal University Dutse.
Authors: Suleiman Maryam Ibrahim Yahaya , Yahaya Ibrahim Suleiman , Yahaya Hamma Adama , Ago Amina Usman Sabo
Published: October 2024

‌This succinct abstract examines the complex interactions among education, communication, and climate change, acknowledging the need for all three to tackle the pressing global issue of the climate crisis. The target population of this study is social science students of federal university dutse, the sample size is 100 students where 100 questionnaires were distributed but only 80 were returned which is 80% of the distributed questionnaire. Descriptive analysis is used to analyze the data and the chi-square method is used to test the hypothesis. The study explores cutting-edge instructional strategies that provide students with climate literacy, seeing education as a catalyst for changing behavior and making well-informed decisions in addition to providing information. By combining these components, the study provides a thorough analysis of the relationships that exist between education, communication, and climate change among students of Federal University Dutse Jigawa State Nigeria. It urges researchers, teachers, and communicators to work together to create narratives and instructional frameworks that motivate people to commit to sustainability as a group. This study encourages interdisciplinary interaction in addressing the necessity of informed communication and transformative education as we face the difficulties of a changing climate.
The Impacts of Globalization, Economic Growth, Population and Urbanization on Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Afghanistan
Authors: Fazlly Sayed Kifayatullah , Safiullah Khalilzai
Published: October 2024

The atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions have increased since last few years in Afghanistan. This increasing trend in carbon emissions may cause global warming, climate change and environmental pollution. Consequently, these indicated threats may suffer human life and ecological conditions in near future. Therefore, this study examines the impacts of globalization, economic growth, population and urbanization on carbon emissions in Afghanistan using annual time series data for the period 1990 – 2020. The study used the Augmented Dickey Fuller and Phillips–Perron unit root tests, the Breusch – Godfrey serial correlation Lagrange multiplier (LM) test and the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test to examine the short and long-run relationship of globalization, economic growth, population and urbanization with carbon emissions. The empirical results show that globalization, economic growth and population have a significant positive short and long-run relationship with carbon emissions. While urbanization has a significant short-run negative and long-run positive relationship with carbon emissions. Based on results, it is highly recommended that government should design environment friendly policies related to globalization, economic growth, population and urbanization to reduce environmental pollution in Afghanistan.
Exploring the Most Effective Mass Media Tools for Creating Awareness of Climate Change: A Study
Authors: Sadat Sayed Abbas , Shinwari Afsar Sidiq , Jabarkhil Khoshal
Published: October 2024

In the twenty-first century, climate change is one of the most challenging issues for humanity, and mass communication channels, particularly radio and television, play a vital role in creating awareness of climate change among people in third-world countries. This study aimed to explore the more effective mass media tools for creating awareness of climate change. Data for the current study were collected through in-depth interviews with media experts and climate change authorities in Afghanistan. The study revealed that there are many ways to communicate with the public. Still, the most effective is through the mass media, because the mass media can communicate with millions of people at a time, everywhere. Furthermore, low literacy rates and poor socioeconomic conditions are the main reasons that most Afghans turned to radio and television. Besides, access to print media and the Internet in Afghanistan is limited. Radio and television are the best sources in the first place to create awareness of climate change.
Manifestations of Climate Change in Qur’an and Sunnah
Authors: Bashash Fazlulhadi
Published: October 2024

‌Climate change arises from a combination of natural factors, such as solar radiation and volcanic activity, and human activities like industrial emissions and deforestation. These factors contribute to increased levels of carbon dioxide and methane, resulting in global warming and the occurrence of extreme weather events. Interestingly, references to various climate change phenomena, including rainfall, wind, earthquakes, and floods, can be found in the Qur'an and Sunnah. The main objective of this study is to strengthen the confidence of believers by highlighting the scientific wonders contained within these religious texts and how they relate to today's society. To achieve this, the study adopts a descriptive, analytical, and inductive approach, drawing upon a range of sources such as previous research, classical scientific literature, electronic resources, and online databases. Ultimately, the study confirms the existence of evidence regarding climate change within the Qur'an and Sunnah, and recommends further investigation in this area. The aim is to foster scientific inquiry and demonstrate the ongoing relevance of these religious texts in addressing contemporary challenges, specifically climate change. By delving into this subject, the study aims to bridge the gap between religious teachings and our current scientific understanding. It has the potential to significantly influence future discussions and research on climate change that integrate both faith and science.
The Effect of Plants on Climate Change According to the Hadith’s of the Prophet
Authors: Moneeb Israrulhai
Published: October 2024

This descriptive study was conducted under the title “The effect of plants on climate change according to the hadith’s of the Prophet” for the purpose of the First International Conference on Climate Change at Nangarhar University. It is clear that we found out the sources of Islamic law, especially in the Prophet’s hadiths, general and partial rules about the effect of plants in protecting the environment. For example: the “no harm, no foul” rule. Preventing people from urinating, defecating, sitting in public roads, in sitting places and in the shade without need or excuse, and from cutting down trees. He commanded that the land of the dead be revived in addition, plants help improve air quality, reduce pollution, and create a healthy and comfortable environment for learning and studying, which contributes to people's sense of peace, tranquility and spirituality.
The Quranic Concept of Climate Change (Theological Study)
Authors: Rohani Mohammad Hussain
Published: October 2024

Climate Change has now become a worldwide crisis. Afghanistan is considered the most vulnerable country in this regard; Religious teachings can play an important role in solving this problem. This study entitled “The Quranic concept of Climate Change” discusses the issue from theological perspective. The purpose of this study is raising the awareness of people about the Quranic theological concept on climate change. The research has been carried out in a qualitative-descriptive manner, the Quranic verses related to belief have been collected and the interpretation & Belief-relevant books have been utilized. The Islamic theological principles and teachings clearly approve that demolishing nature and harming the environment is an act against humanity and the theory of Ahl-u-al-Sunnah wal Jama'ah regarding predestination is accurate, authentic and convincing, because based on this, man deserves reward and punishment for his good and bad deeds towards the natural phenomenon.
According to Islamic Shari'ah, three Natural Phenomena in Climate Change
Authors: Hakimi Maghfirullah
Published: October 2024

Today in the world Climate change is a very important issue and humans are also dealing with it. which have changed over time through natural phenomena; Whatever issue is relate to nature, the Islamic Shari'ah has discussed about those issue And it is mentioned in the Qur'an and the Sunnah of the Prophet and it is obligatory for every Muslim to inform himself about his religion, also Islam has not hidden anything from human eyes. This research is about wind, cloud and rain from the Islamic shari'ah point of view, Therefore, it is mentioned in the Qur'an (105) times in different ayat (verses) under different names and in different situations together or separately. This research has a library format. And done this research in a month. Climate change of an area is caused by natural elements and human activities. Every important thing is mentioned in the Quran which humans need and know about it. Also mentioned the benefits of everything and their results. So that the people of wisdom use it and thank their ALLAH for the blessings and protect themselves from the blessings of disbelief.
The Impact of the Climate on Literature
Authors: Zakir Tariq , Rahimi Fahim , Maroof Ghufranullah
Published: October 2024

Nature and its elements have always played a valuable role in the formation of religious beliefs and human art. In myths and literature, special attention has been paid to the elements of nature and their maintenance. Poets who have lived in beautiful and prosperous lands, compared to poets who have lived in plains and deserts, have written beautiful and enduring poems because the beauty of nature and its elements play a valuable role in depicting things. It should be remembered that the preservation of nature and its elements leads to the development and fertility of art and literature. In this article, the impact of climate on literature is analyzed in a descriptive-analytical way. In the same way, the poets and writers of the Dari language and literature have benefited from the elements of nature in different ways in expressing their thoughts. But nature in mystical poetry has a more personal aspect, meaning that mystical poets have used the elements of nature to express their mystical experiences and discoveries. Of course, different poets use nature in different ways. In the poems of the first periods, nature has a global aspect and these poets have continuously described nature and its elements.
Assessing the Initial Responsibilities of the Afghan Government for Mitigating Climate Change, Effects and Harms
Authors: Mojaddadi Noorullah Noori , Nasih Ihsanullah , Hashimi Sayed Akram
Published: October 2024

Long-term instability, lack of rule of law, rampant corruption, and weakness of governments and so on was something, that affected combating climate change, and because of this, droughts, water reservoirs, various diseases, reduced food security, floods, rising temperatures, and other incidents have caused problems the lives of people. In this study, the initial responsibilities of the Afghan government for mitigating climate change, effects, and harms have been investigated, to effectively combat climate change, attract international aid, and save the people from serious problems. The research is qualitative, utilizing structured interviews and employing the judgmental non-probability sampling method. And the data were analyzed Thematic. The findings show that the Afghan government has the responsibility to enact comprehensive laws and seriously implement them, to mitigate climate change, sign international agreements and join respective conventions. In addition, organize continuous public awareness programs, and pay attention to crucial means that affect climate change, such as protecting forests, preventing pollution from factories, and well management of water resources. Also, take steps to prevent displacement and serious measures for the basic rights of internally displaced people caused by climate effects.
The Role of United Nations Environmental Program in Mitigation Climate Change
Authors: Atif Abdul Wali
Published: October 2024

The United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP) was funded in 1972 during the Stockholm Conference, since then, the UNEP has worked to mitigate global climate change. As of late, the world’s most susceptible concern is climate change. In this sense, the rapid expansion of industrialization and several other concerns are raised to harm the world environment, for instance: nuclear and biological warfare, increasing population in the world, inappropriate consumption of energy resources, global warming, drought, and famine hurricanes and so on. However, UNEP works with countries in these areas of life, for instance: preserving the environment, expanding information exchange, advancing public knowledge of climate change and its implications, safeguarding human rights and setting up global aid, preserving public health and well-being, combating global warming and so on. However, given the several responsibilities of this dimension of life, we investigate how UNEP attempts to alleviate climate change globally, in this topic, we seek to recognize and discover all global alternatives and obstacles associated with climate change. In light of this paper, we recommend that a number of government agencies, such as: The Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Water and Energy, the Ministry of Immigration and so on, collaborate with UNEP to address concerns about climate change.in the conclusion, we outlined all the challenges and role of UNEP in the global area.
A Study of Climate Effects on Pashto Verse Literature
Authors: Hamkar Muhammad Ibrahim
Published: October 2024

Climate refers to the weather of a region for a short period of time, which has an impact on literature. In addition to this, we have another term that climate literature refers to. In the past, rural literature or other similar terms were also used for these climate literatures, which were later named climate literature. Here we have added these two types of literature to the systematic section of Pashto literature. The importance of the topic is that no one has studied this part of Pashto literature yet. Our aim was to divert Pashton researchers to this side. The type of research is bibliographic; the research has been done in light of the descriptive and analytical methods. In Pashto poetry, Pashtun poets have written interesting poems about climate change. They have written poems about spring, winter, autumn, and summer. The relationship has also made comparisons. Under the title of climate literature, the mention of political, social, and rural issues has become very good, which forms the basis of climate literature.
Ozone Layer Depletion: Causes, Effects and Prevention
Authors: Mirzakhil Attaullah , Aluzai Gul Asghar , Khochai Khodaidad , Elmi Fazalkarim , Shinwari Saifullah
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to review the Causes, effects and prevention of the ozone layer depletion. Ozone layer is a part of the stratosphere which absorbs the harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays of the sun and prevents it from reaching the earth surface. Industrial activities, release chemicals into the air that can destroy ozone layer, this process known as ozone layer depletion. The main causes of ozone layer depletion are Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), Halons (HCFCs) and NOX (nitrogen oxides), depletion of stratospheric ozone, led to increased ultraviolet radiation at the earth’s surface as well as spectral shifts to the more biologically damaging shorter wavelengths, which is harmful to the human, plants and ecosystem. An international environmental initiative to lessen ozone depletion is known as the Montreal Protocol. This agreement required all nations to impose legal obligations on the reduction of CFCs and other comparable chemical compounds. As a result, an international fund has been set up to assist in introducing these nations to new and environmentally friendly technologies and chemicals.
Mengurai Dampak Kebijakan Tapera Terhadap Masyarakat Indonesia: Sebuah Kajian Hukum dan Sosial
Authors: Margaretha Viona
Published: October 2024

Kebijakan Tapera (Tabungan Perumahan Rakyat) telah menjadi fokus utama dalam agenda kebijakan publik di Indonesia dengan tujuan meningkatkan akses masyarakat terhadap perumahan layak, suatu kebutuhan dasar yang krusial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak kebijakan Tapera terhadap masyarakat Indonesia melalui pendekatan normatif yuridis. Metode analisis dokumen kebijakan dan studi literatur digunakan untuk menjelajahi landasan hukum kebijakan Tapera serta implikasi normatifnya dalam konteks hukum perumahan dan perlindungan konsumen. Analisis ini menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan Tapera memiliki dampak yang signifikan dalam mempercepat pembangunan perumahan yang terjangkau dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan sosial. Upaya ini telah membawa perubahan positif bagi masyarakat, meskipun tantangan implementasi dan perlindungan hukum bagi peserta perlu mendapat perhatian serius. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting untuk memperdalam pemahaman tentang efektivitas kebijakan publik dalam mengatasi krisis perumahan di Indonesia, serta implikasi normatifnya dalam mendorong keadilan sosial dan perlindungan hukum yang lebih baik. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan yang lebih holistik tentang kebijakan Tapera dan menjadi landasan untuk pengembangan kebijakan publik yang lebih inklusif dan berkelanjutan di masa depan, demi meningkatkan kualitas hidup masyarakat secara keseluruhan. Dengan demikian, kebijakan Tapera tidak hanya menjadi instrumen pembangunan perumahan yang efektif tetapi juga sarana untuk memperkuat kedaulatan hukum dan keadilan sosial di Indonesia.
Kajian Terhadap Kedaulatan Rakyat Pada Pergantian Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakat Indonesia Yang Bersifat Sementara
Authors: Sikumbang Yudhia Perdana
Published: October 2024

Jurnal ini mengeksplorasi peran dan penerapan konsep kedaulatan rakyat dalam konteks pergantian anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Indonesia (DPR-RI). Sebagai prinsip dasar dalam sistem demokrasi, kedaulatan rakyat menjadi pijakan utama dalam mewujudkan kehendak rakyat melalui keterwakilan politik. Fokus jurnal ini adalah menganalisis bagaimana kedaulatan rakyat tercermin dalam mekanisme pergantian anggota DPR-RI dari waktu ke waktu. Dengan pendekatan analisis hukum dan politik serta metode penelitian yuridis normatif, jurnal ini menjelaskan kerangka hukum yang mengatur proses pergantian anggota DPR-RI dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi implementasi kedaulatan rakyat. Penelitian ini mencakup kajian mengenai peran lembaga-lembaga terkait seperti partai politik dan Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) dalam membangun integritas dan keterwakilan yang selaras dengan aspirasi masyarakat. Selain itu, jurnal ini juga mengulas bagaimana partai politik berperan dalam proses seleksi dan pergantian anggota DPR-RI serta bagaimana KPU menjalankan fungsi pengawasan dan penyelenggaraan pemilu untuk memastikan pergantian anggota DPR-RI berlangsung secara transparan dan adil. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman mendalam tentang sejauh mana kedaulatan rakyat dijaga dan diperbarui dalam proses pergantian anggota DPR-RI. Jurnal ini juga menyoroti berbagai tantangan yang dihadapi dalam menjaga kedaulatan rakyat, termasuk kendala hukum, politik, dan institusional yang dapat mempengaruhi efektivitas pergantian anggota DPR-RI.  Temuan ini memberikan wawasan berharga untuk perumusan kebijakan, pengembangan sistem demokrasi, dan penguatan partisipasi politik masyarakat di Indonesia. Dengan memahami lebih dalam tentang dinamika dan tantangan dalam proses pergantian anggota DPR-RI, para pembuat kebijakan dan pemangku kepentingan dapat merancang strategi yang lebih efektif untuk memperkuat kedaulatan rakyat dan meningkatkan kualitas demokrasi di Indonesia.
Le cannibalisme en haute mer au prisme de la fiction : In the Heart of the Sea de Nathaniel Philbrick et autres récits de naufrages
Authors: Rouby Bertrand
Published: October 2024

Le récit que fait Nathaniel Philbrick des naufragés de l’Essex témoigne de la nécessité de recourir à des stratégies d’atténuation au sujet du cannibalisme de survie. Ces stratégies sont de deux ordres : donner à l’horreur des cadres qui l’inscrivent dans des codes, et mitiger le réel par de la fiction. Ces techniques d’écriture correspondent à l’expérience des baleiniers, qui sont issus d’une société où toute expression de violence est proscrite et s’embarquent dans une aventure où ils devront se confronter à l’abjection. Le moment de la dévoration s’entoure d’une série d’interdits qui replacent l’anthropophagie dans une (forme de) civilisation. La narration faite par les survivants comme par les écrivains use de deux techniques : l’ellipse, qui consiste à passer sous silence l’acte cannibale, et l’éclipse, qui relègue le réel au second plan derrière la fiction par le recours au fantastique et à l’intertextualité.
L’homme sacrifié. Anthropophagie et polyandrie chez Renée Dunan
Authors: Bergeron Patrick
Published: October 2024

Cet article commence par situer la curiosité des écrivains de l’entre-deux-guerres à l’endroit du cannibalisme, puis propose une analyse de deux récits d’aventures de Renée Dunan : la nouvelle « Uzcoque » et le roman Kaschmir. Jardin du bonheur. Le cannibalisme y est abordé de deux manières – littéralement puis métaphoriquement – à l’intérieur d’intrigues ayant pour principal enjeu de montrer de quoi les femmes sont capables.
Le rabbinat féminin au sein du judaïsme libéral en France
Authors: Irtanucci-Douillard Valérie
Published: October 2024

Cet article vise à analyser les raisons pour lesquelles des femmes françaises et juives libérales ont été ordonnées rabbines tardivement, en 1990, malgré un principe d’égalité en vigueur depuis 1846, et en si petit nombre. Cette question sera abordée dans une perspective féministe, à l’aide d’approches et de concepts issus de la sociologie des organisations et du travail. Nous tenterons de comprendre les mécanismes de « plafond de verre » (Laufer, 2004) et de vitrail (de Gasquet, 2009), qui freinent l’accès de ces femmes aux postes de pouvoir et à la fonction de rabbin selon l’approche « Genre – Organisation – Système » (Fagenson, 1990), approche non encore employée dans les études des institutions religieuses juives. Nous verrons alors que le poids du patriarcat systémique, un rabbinat organisé selon des valeurs, des modèles et une gestion masculine, ainsi que l’autocensure des femmes et l’enfermement des hommes dans des stéréotypes genrés, ont contribué à la construction d’un plafond de vitrail qui a eu raison des principes égalitaires.
Irruption discursive aux Philippines et gouvernementalité par le salut
Authors: Ianni Jérémy
Published: October 2024

Aux Philippines, on note une irruption discursive contre l’Église catholique romaine, en particulier depuis la mandature de l’ancien président Rodrigo Duterte. Cette reconfiguration discursive concerne en particulier l’utilisation de la drogue, et indique, selon les théories foucaldiennes, un transfert savoir-pourvoir. Les Églises « born again » sont l’un des foyers de cette nouvelle expression. L’article montre en quoi les deux généalogies foucaldiennes, celle des institutions et celle du sujet, sont pertinentes pour analyser des structures contemporaines et caractériser l’émergence d’un nouveau type de pouvoir théologico-politique dans l’archipel. Il s’interroge enfin sur les discontinuités dont sont susceptibles les nouvelles orientations de type psychoreligieusx développées par les Églises born again aux Philippines et le changement de paradigme qui en découle.
Autocensure, délégitimation et dissonance émotionnelle chez des enseignant·e·s de
français 2ELGBTQI+ au Canada
Authors: Hakeem Hasheem
Published: October 2024

Les enjeux de la diversité sexuelle et de genre sont absents de la recherche sur
l’enseignement du français en milieu scolaire. De plus, aucune étude n’a exploré
l’expérience des enseignant·e·s de français 2ELGBTQI+ qui s’engagent à intégrer l’équité, la
diversité et l’inclusion (ÉDI) dans leur classe. Cet article vise donc à répondre à deux
questions, à savoir (1) quels sont les obstacles ou défis rencontrés par les enseignant·e·s
de français 2ELGBTQI+ qui adoptent une approche antioppressive dans leur classe ? (2)
Quelles sont les conditions propices à l’élaboration d’un curriculum de français équitable
et inclusif porté par les enseignant·e·s 2ELGBTQI+ ? Neuf enseignant·e·s 2ELGBTQI+ oeuvrant
au sein du programme d’immersion, du programme français de base et du programme francophone
au primaire, à l’intermédiaire et au secondaire au Canada ont participé à une entrevue
semi-dirigée de vingt minutes. Les résultats de l’analyse thématique ont montré que les
enseignant·e·s de français 2ELGBTQI+ sont confronté·e·s à de multiples obstacles, notamment
la résistance à l’enseignement des enjeux 2ELGBTQI+, la charge émotionnelle de gérer des
postures conflictuelles (personnelle, « professionnelle » et antioppressive) et le manque de
ressources et de formation en français liées au contenu de l’ÉDI. Des suggestions en vue
d’appuyer les enseignant·e·s de français 2ELGBTQI+ sont enfin proposées.
L’imposition du DELF en milieu scolaire canadien : une injustice d’ordre épistémique
Authors: Rush Elizabeth
Published: October 2024

Cet essai soutient que l’imposition du test standardisé DELF à des fins de jugement de l’aptitude des candidat·e·s à l’enseignement du français en Colombie-Britannique constitue une injustice d’ordre épistémique pour les communautés d’apprentissage et d’enseignement du français dans la province. En étudiant les politiques éducatives qui régissent les pratiques éducatives de la province, nous démontrerons que l’imposition du DELF véhicule le mythe d’un français normatif et reproduit la relation de tutelle caractéristique du modèle colonial. Nous montrons que la pression assimilationniste engendrée par cette imposition prive les membres du personnel enseignant des ressources épistémiques dont iels ont besoin pour nommer et enseigner des pratiques langagières francophones basées sur ou adaptées au lieu. Les notions de décolonisation et d’autochtonisation sont explorées afin d’esquisser une autre approche de l’évaluation du français en tant que pratique de restitution d’une épistémologie relationnelle.
Crispant analysis in zebrafish as a tool for rapid functional screening of disease-causing genes for bone fragility
Authors: Debaenst Sophie , Jarayseh Tamara , De Saffel Hanna , Bek Jan Willem , Boone Matthieu , Josipovic Ivan , Kibleur Pierre , Kwon Ronald Y , Coucke Paul J , Willaert Andy
Published: October 2024

Heritable fragile bone disorders (FBDs), ranging from multifactorial to rare monogenic conditions, are characterized by an elevated fracture risk. Validating causative genes and understanding their mechanisms remain challenging. We assessed a semi-high throughput zebrafish screening platform for rapid in vivo functional testing of candidate FBD genes. Six genes linked to severe recessive osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and four associated with bone mineral density (BMD) from genome-wide association studies were analyzed using CRISPR/Cas9-based crispant screening in F0 mosaic founder zebrafish. Next-generation sequencing confirmed high indel efficiency (mean 88%), mimicking stable knock-out models. Skeletal phenotyping at 7, 14, and 90 days post-fertilization (dpf) using microscopy, Alizarin Red S staining, and microCT was performed. Larval crispants showed variable osteoblast and mineralization phenotypes, while adult crispants displayed consistent skeletal defects, including malformed neural and haemal arches, vertebral fractures and fusions, and altered bone volume and density. In addition, aldh7a1 and mbtps2 crispants experienced increased mortality due to severe skeletal deformities. RT-qPCR revealed differential expression of osteogenic markers bglap and col1a1a, highlighting their biomarker potential. Our results establish zebrafish crispant screening as a robust tool for FBD gene validation, combining skeletal and molecular analyses across developmental stages to uncover novel insights into gene functions in bone biology.
Svep1 orchestrates distal airway patterning and alveolar differentiation in murine lung development
Authors: Foxworth N , Wells J , Ocaña-Lopez S , Muller S , Bhayani P , Denegre J , Palmer K , Memishian W , McGee T , Murray SA , Donahoe PK , Bult CJ , Loscertales M
Published: October 2024

Disruptions in airway branching or alveolar differentiation during lung development can lead to severe respiratory deficiencies and neonatal death. The molecular mechanisms governing branching patterning and early alveolar formation remain elusive. Loss of
Svep1
function in mice results in various developmental defects, including lung hypoplasia and perinatal lethality. Our examination of the lungs of
Svep1
knockout (

Svep1
-/-
)

mouse embryos, both
in vivo
and
in vitro
, revealed that
Svep1
mutants exhibit an increase in the number of disorganized distal airway tips and progressively greater disruption of lung lobe morphology over time and saccular development.
Svep1
interacts with FGF signaling to regulate smooth muscle differentiation and, together with
Fgf9,
guides airway branching patterning. Transcriptomic data from the lungs of

Svep1
-/-

embryos revealed dysregulated gene expression affecting saccular maturation. Our findings demonstrate that
Svep1
is a key extracellular matrix player shaping airway morphology and influencing alveolar fate. These insights offer potential avenues for therapeutic interventions in congenital lung disorders.
Desmodium Volatiles in “Push-Pull” Agriculture and Protection Against the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda
Authors: Odermatt Daria M , Chidawanyika Frank , Mutyambai Daniel M , Schmid Bernhard , Domeignoz-Horta Luiz A , Tamiru Amanuel , Schuman Meredith C
Published: October 2024

Push-pull systems for sustainable pest management of crop plants employ repellent stimuli from intercrops (“push”) to repel herbivores and attract their predators and parasitoids, and attracting stimuli from border plants (“pull”) to lead herbivorous insects out of the crop. The most widespread implementation, intercropping with the legume
Desmodium
, reduces herbivory damage from the invasive fall armyworm (FAW)
Spodoptera frugiperda
. However, the three publications to date investigating underlying mechanisms disagree whether the
Desmodium
intercrop emits bioactive volatiles that repel FAW. We aimed to resolve this controversy by measuring volatile emission from
Desmodium intortum
(greenleaf
Desmodium
) and
D. incanum
intercrops in push-pull fields, and assaying their effects on the behavior of the FAW in oviposition and wind tunnel choice bioassays. We detected many volatile substances in the headspaces of both
Desmodium
species, which exhibited similar profiles, including substances previously reported to repel lepidopteran herbivores. FAW moths preferred to oviposit on maize over
Desmodium
, but not on maize further from versus closer to
Desmodium
plants that were inaccessible to the moths, but sharing the air. In a wind tunnel bioassay, the moths tended to prefer maize volatiles over a combination of volatiles from maize and
D. intortum
, but not
D. incanum
. In conclusion, we found
D. intortum
and
D. incanum
to emit volatiles that have been shown to be bioactive, and FAW moths to prefer maize over either
Desmodium
species. Moreover, additional mechanisms are likely important for reducing FAW damage to maize under push-pull cultivation.
Outer hair cells stir cochlear fluids
Authors: Lee Choongheon , Shokrian Mohammad , Henry Kenneth S , Carney Laurel H , Holt Joseph C , Nam Jong-Hoon
Published: October 2024

Recent observations regarding the non-selective action of outer hair cells contradict frequency-selective cochlear amplification. We hypothesized that active outer hair cells drive cochlear fluid circulation. The hypothesis was tested by delivering a neurotoxin, kainic acid, to the round window of young gerbil cochleae while monitoring auditory responses in the cochlear nucleus. Sounds presented at a modest level significantly expedited kainic acid delivery. When outer-hair-cell motility was suppressed by salicylate, the facilitation effect was compromised. A low-frequency tone was more effective than broadband noise, especially for drug delivery to apical locations. Computational model simulations provided the physical basis for our observation, which incorporated solute diffusion, fluid advection, fluid-structure interaction, and outer-hair-cell motility. Active outer hair cells deformed the organ of Corti like a peristaltic tube to generate apically streaming flows along the tunnel of Corti and basally streaming flows along the scala tympani. Our measurements and simulations coherently indicate that broadband outer-hair-cell action is for cochlear fluid circulation.
Restraint of melanoma progression by cells in the local skin environment
Authors: Ma Yilun , Tagore Mohita , Hunter Miranda V , Huang Ting-Hsiang , Montal Emily , Weiss Joshua M , White Richard M
Published: October 2024

Keratinocytes, the dominant cell type in the melanoma microenvironment during tumor initiation, exhibit diverse effects on melanoma progression. Using a zebrafish model of melanoma and human cell co-cultures, we observed that keratinocytes undergo an Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition (EMT)-like transformation in the presence of melanoma, reminiscent of their behavior during wound healing. Surprisingly, overexpression of the EMT transcription factor Twist in keratinocytes led to improved overall survival in zebrafish melanoma models, despite no change in tumor initiation rates. This survival benefit was attributed to reduced melanoma invasion, as confirmed by human cell co-culture assays. Single-cell RNA-sequencing revealed a unique melanoma cell cluster in the Twist-overexpressing condition, exhibiting a more differentiated, less invasive phenotype. Further analysis nominated homotypic jam3b-jam3b and pgrn-sort1a interactions between Twist-overexpressing keratinocytes and melanoma cells as potential mediators of the invasive restraint. Our findings suggest that EMT in the tumor microenvironment (TME) may limit melanoma invasion through altered cell-cell interactions.
BMP2 and BMP7 cooperate with H3.3K27M to promote quiescence and invasiveness in pediatric diffuse midline gliomas
Authors: Huchede Paul , Meyer Swann , Berthelot Clément , Hamadou Maud , Bertrand-Chapel Adrien , Rakotomalala Andria , Manceau Line , Tomine Julia , Lespinasse Nicolas , Lewandowski Paul , Cordier-Bussat Martine , Broutier Laura , Dutour Aurélie , Rochet Isabelle , Blay Jean-Yves , Degletagne Cyril , Attignon Valéry , Montero-Carcaboso Angel , Le Grand Marion , Pasquier Eddy , Vasiljevic Alexandre , Gilardi-Hebenstreit Pascale , Meignan Samuel , Leblond Pierre , Ribes Vanessa , Cosset Erika , Castets Marie
Published: October 2024

Pediatric diffuse midline gliomas (pDMG) are an aggressive type of childhood cancer with a fatal outcome. Their major epigenetic determinism has become clear, notably with the identification of K27M mutations in histone H3. However, the synergistic oncogenic mechanisms that induce and maintain tumor cell phenotype have yet to be deciphered. In 20 to 30% of cases, these tumors have an altered BMP signaling pathway with an oncogenic mutation on the BMP type I receptor ALK2, encoded by ACVR1. However, the potential impact of the BMP pathway in tumors non-mutated for ACVR1 is less clear. By integrating bulk, single-cell, and spatial transcriptomic data, we show here that the BMP signaling pathway is activated at similar levels between ACVR1 wild-type and mutant tumors and identify BMP2 and BMP7 as putative activators of the pathway in a specific subpopulation of cells. By using both pediatric isogenic glioma lines genetically modified to overexpress H3.3K27M and patients-derived DIPG cell lines, we demonstrate that BMP2/7 synergizes with H3.3K27M to induce a transcriptomic rewiring associated with a quiescent but invasive cell state. These data suggest a generic oncogenic role for the BMP pathway in gliomagenesis of pDMG and pave the way for specific targeting of downstream effectors mediating the K27M/BMP crosstalk.
Benchmarking tRNA-Seq quantification approaches by realistic tRNA-Seq data simulation identifies two novel approaches with higher accuracy
Authors: Smith Tom , Monti Mie , Willis Anne E , Kalmár Lajos
Published: October 2024

Quantification of transfer RNA (tRNA) using illumina sequencing based tRNA-Seq is complicated due to their degree of redundancy and extensive modifications. As such, no tRNA-Seq method has become well established, while various approaches have been proposed to quantify tRNAs from sequencing reads. Here, we use realistic tRNA-Seq simulations to benchmark tRNA-Seq quantification approaches, including two novel approaches. We demonstrate that these novel approaches are consistently the most accurate, using data simulated to mimic five different tRNA-Seq methods. This simulation-based benchmarking also identifies specific shortfalls for each quantification approach and suggests that up to 13% of the variance observed between cell lines in real tRNA-Seq data could be due to systematic differences in quantification accuracy.
Comedy as journalism in Zimbabwe
Authors: Makwambeni Blessing , Matsilele Trust
Published: October 2024

Post-2000, Zimbabwe has witnessed a gradual shrinking of communicative space. In its efforts to control the narrative about the causes of the country’s multi-dimensional crisis, the ruling ZANU-PF government has used a gamut of legal and extra-judicial strategies to stifle press and other related freedoms. In this highly restrictive context, comedy has emerged as a viable source of information about events unfolding in the country as well as an alternative public sphere where counter-hegemonic discourses are ventilated by citizens who were previously excluded from the mainstream public sphere. Building on Mpofu’s (2017) and Mano’s (2007) studies on art and music as variants of journalism, our paper argues that comedy should be viewed as a variant of journalism in post-2000 Zimbabwe. We employ the normative roles of journalism, and Nancy Fraser’s (1990) concept of the alternative public sphere as our framework for examining how comedy, and more specifically Comic Pastor’s Monthly Comic Awards, has filled the void created by mainstream journalism by performing the journalistic function of communicating salient issues during the protracted Zimbabwean crisis. Our findings converge with, and broaden, Mpofu’s (2017) and Mano’s (2007) thesis that alternative sources of expression such as comedy should be viewed as journalism in crisis contexts. These findings also reinforce the need to expand traditional conceptions of journalism that narrowly limit the practice to traditional mass media.
An Ottoman Brıde In Larende: Nafısa Melek Khatun
Authors: KARAKUŞ Nadir
Published: October 2024

Tarihe damgasını vuran olaylardan birisi de hanedanlar arası yapılan siyâsî evliliklerdir. Rakip devletler, birbirleri ile dostluk ilişkisi kurabilmek yahut da onların düşmanca taarruzlarından emin olmak için hânedanlar arası evlilik
münasebetinde bulunmuşlardır. XIV. yüzyıl ortalarından sonra Anadolu’da hâkim güç haline gelmeye başlayan Osmanlılar ile Karamanoğulları arasında yapılan böyle bir evlilik, iki rakip devleti birbirine yakınlaştırmayı amaçlamıştır.
Osmanlıları imparatorluğa yükseltmeye çalışan, kurduğu devlet teşkilatı yanında Balkanlarda kazandığı başarı ve zaferlerle adından söz ettiren Sultan Murad Hudâvendigâr, Anadolu’da da başarılar peşinde koşmaktadır. Bunun için de
bölgenin bir başka güç odağı olan Karamanoğulları ile iyi ilişkiler kurmak ve onların saldırılarından emin olmak istemektedir. Bunun için de biricik kızı Nefise Hatun’u Karamanoğlu Alâeddin Bey’e vermiştir. Bu evlilik de Osmanlılar
ile Karamanoğlu Beyliği arasındaki rekabeti sona erdirmese de aralarında kaçınılmaz olan savaşı geciktirmiştir. Murad I, Balkanlarda Hıristiyanlarla savaşırken fırsattan istifade Osmanlı topraklarına saldıran Alâeddin Bey üzerine
yürümüş ve onu mağlup ederek Konya Kalesi’nde muhasara altına almıştır. Çaresiz kalan Alâeddin Bey’in imdadına eşi Nefise Hatun yetişmiş, babası ile eşi arasında arabuluculuk yaparak barışın vuku bulmasını sağlamıştır. Daha sonra
kardeşi Yıldırım Bayezid’in ilk iktidar yıllarında da aynı arabuluculuğu yapan Nefise Hatun, aynı zamanda Larende’de yaptırdığı medrese ile de ismini ölümsüzleştirmiştir. Bursa’dan Larende’ye gelin giden bu hanım sultan, gittiği
yerde şehrine, kocasına ve çocuklarına sahip çıkarak örneklik teşkil etmiştir.