bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Draining under gravity in steel galvanization.
Authors: Hocking Graeme Charles
Published: June 2020

The problem of the coating of steel has been considered in several Mathematics in Industry study groups. In this process, after passing through a bath of molten alloy, steel sheeting is drawn upward to allow draining under gravity and stripping using an air knife, leaving a coating of desirable thickness. Here we discuss some aspects of the problem and in particular the gravity draining component. The problem is a very nice introduction to industrial modelling for students, but is also relevant for manufacturing.
References

Elsaadawy, E. A., Hanumanth, G. S., Balthazaar, A. K. S., McDermid, J. R., Hrymak, A. N. and Forbes, J.F. ``Coating weight model for the continuous hot-dip galvanizing process'', Metal. Mat. Trans. B, 38:413–424, 2007. doi:10.1007/s11663-007-9037-2
Hocking, G. C., Sweatman, W. L., Fitt, A. D., and Roberts M. ``Coating Deformation in the jet stripping process'' in Proceedings of the 2009 Mathematics and Statistics in Industry Study Group, Eds. T. Marchant, M. Edwards, G. Mercer. Wollongong, Austealia, 2010. https://documents.uow.edu.au/content/groups/public/@web/@inf/@math/documents/doc/uow073330.pdf
Hocking, G. C., Sweatman, W. L., Fitt, A. D., and Breward, C. ``Deformations arising during air-knife stripping in the galvanization of steel'', in Progress in Industrial Mathematics at ECMI 2010, Eds. M. Gunther, A. Bartel, M. Brunk, S. Schops, M. Striebel. Mathematics in Industry 17, pp. 311-317. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-25100-9_36
Hocking, G. C., Lavalle, G., Novakovic, R., O'Kiely, D., Thomson, S., Mitchell, S. J., Herterich, R. ``Bananas–-defects in the jet stripping process''. Proceedings of the European Study Group with Industry in Mathematics and Statistics Research Collection. Rome Italy, 2016. https://researchrepository.ucd.ie/handle/10197/10215
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Hocking, G. C., Sweatman, W., Fitt, A. D. and Breward, C. ``Deformations during jet-stripping in the galvanizing process''. J. Eng. Math. Tuck Special Issue, 70:297–306, 2011. doi:10.1007/s10665-010-9394-8
Thornton, J. A. and Graff, H. F. ``An analytical description of the jet-finishing process for hot-dip metallic coatings on strip''. Metal. Mat. Trans. B, 7:607–618, 1976. doi:10.1007/BF02698594
Tuck, E. O. ``Continuous coating with gravity and jet stripping''. Phys. Fluids, 26(9):2352–2358, 1983. doi:10.1063/1.864438
Tuck, E. O., Bentwich, M., and van der Hoek, J. ``The free boundary problem for gravity-driven unidirectional viscous flows''. IMA J. Appl. Math. 30:191–208, 1983. doi:10.1093/imamat/30.2.191
Profiling Clinical Research Activity at an Academic Medical Center by Using Institutional Databases: Content Analysis
Authors: Langford Aisha , Sherman Scott , Thornton Rachel , Nightingale Kira , Kwon Simona , Chavis-Keeling Deborah , Link Nathan , Cronstein Bruce , Hochman Judith , Trachtman Howard
Published: June 2020

Background

It is important to monitor the scope of clinical research of all types, to involve participants of all ages and subgroups in studies that are appropriate to their condition, and to ensure equal access and broad validity of the findings.

Objective

We conducted a review of clinical research performed at New York University with the following objectives: (1) to determine the utility of institutional administrative data to characterize clinical research activity; (2) to assess the inclusion of special populations; and (3) to determine if the type, initiation, and completion of the study differed by age.

Methods

Data for all studies that were institutional review board–approved between January 1, 2014, and November 2, 2016, were obtained from the research navigator system, which was launched in November 2013. One module provided details about the study protocol, and another module provided the characteristics of individual participants. Research studies were classified as observational or interventional. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the characteristics of clinical studies across the lifespan, by type, and over time.

Results

A total of 22%-24% of studies included children (minimum age <18 years) and 4%-5% focused exclusively on pediatrics. Similarly, 64%-72% of studies included older patients (maximum age >65 years) but only 5%-12% focused exclusively on geriatrics. Approximately 85% of the studies included both male and female participants. Of the remaining studies, those open only to girls or women were approximately 3 times as common as those confined to boys or men. A total of 56%-58% of projects focused on nonvulnerable patients. Among the special populations studied, children (12%-15%) were the most common. Noninterventional trial types included research on human data sets (24%), observational research (22%), survey research (16%), and biospecimen research (8%). The percentage of projects designed to test an intervention in a vulnerable population increased from 17% in 2014 to 21% in 2015.

Conclusions

Pediatric participants were the special population that was most often studied based on the number of registered projects that included children and adolescents. However, they were much less likely to be successfully enrolled in research studies compared with adults older than 65 years. Only 20% of the studies were interventional, and 20%-35% of participants in this category were from vulnerable populations. More studies are exclusively devoted to women’s health issues compared with men’s health issues.
Stroke and Telerehabilitation: A Brief Communication
Authors: Bashir Ayisha
Published: June 2020

This rapid communication highlights stroke telerehabilitation, a health care service that provides daily monitoring of the care of patients recovering from stroke, delivering convenient and immediate feedback for patients, family, and caregivers. The delivery, management, and coordination of nursing care services, provided via telecommunications technology, is a convenient method of delivering health care to patients recovering from stroke. It is important to assess the service quality of the telehealth process and to establish the role of telehealth nursing and related technologies in the care of patients recovering from stroke. Studies show that even though both health professionals and participants have reported high levels of satisfaction and acceptance of telerehabilitation interventions, the quality of the evidence on telerehabilitation in poststroke care remains low. Conducting a quality study of telehealth rehabilitation for patients recovering from stroke will help assess if home health agencies with telehealth capabilities caring for patients recovering from stroke and patients with chronic diseases can provide quality care to patients in their home and fill this health care gap. Patients that are severely handicapped and impaired and unable to reside in their home environment are not included in telerehabilitation services provided by the home care agency. It would be informative to study the benefits of telerehabilitation and the care provided to patients recovering from stroke within nursing homes, given the need for social distancing to reduce disease transmission during the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) global health pandemic. Using telerehabilitation would mean that patients have a lower risk of exposure to infectious agents. Further research into telehealth interventions and stroke management in home care is crucial.
User-Centered Design of a Mobile Health Intervention to Enhance Exacerbation-Related Self-Management in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Copilot): Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Korpershoek Yvonne J G , Hermsen Sander , Schoonhoven Lisette , Schuurmans Marieke J , Trappenburg Jaap C A
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Adequate self-management skills are of great importance for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to reduce the impact of COPD exacerbations. Using mobile health (mHealth) to support exacerbation-related self-management could be promising in engaging patients in their own health and changing health behaviors. However, there is limited knowledge on how to design mHealth interventions that are effective, meet the needs of end users, and are perceived as useful. By following an iterative user-centered design (UCD) process, an evidence-driven and usable mHealth intervention was developed to enhance exacerbation-related self-management in patients with COPD.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to describe in detail the full UCD and development process of an evidence-driven and usable mHealth intervention to enhance exacerbation-related self-management in patients with COPD.

METHODS

The UCD process consisted of four iterative phases: (1) background analysis and design conceptualization, (2) alpha usability testing, (3) iterative software development, and (4) field usability testing. Patients with COPD, health care providers, COPD experts, designers, software developers, and a behavioral scientist were involved throughout the design and development process. The intervention was developed using the behavior change wheel (BCW), a theoretically based approach for designing behavior change interventions, and logic modeling was used to map out the potential working mechanism of the intervention. Furthermore, the principles of design thinking were used for the creative design of the intervention. Qualitative and quantitative research methods were used throughout the design and development process.

RESULTS

The background analysis and design conceptualization phase resulted in final guiding principles for the intervention, a logic model to underpin the working mechanism of the intervention, and design requirements. Usability requirements were obtained from the usability testing phases. The iterative software development resulted in an evidence-driven and usable mHealth intervention—Copilot, a mobile app consisting of a symptom-monitoring module, and a personalized COPD action plan.

CONCLUSIONS

By following a UCD process, an mHealth intervention was developed that meets the needs and preferences of patients with COPD, is likely to be used by patients with COPD, and has a high potential to be effective in reducing exacerbation impact. This extensive report of the intervention development process contributes to more transparency in the development of complex interventions in health care and can be used by researchers and designers as guidance for the development of future mHealth interventions.
Can digital health support COVID-19 contact tracing? A scoping review (Preprint)
Authors: Fortuin Jill , Patientia Ramonde , Najaar Baheya , Madini Namhla
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has impacted every country globally, infecting almost 7 million people. The respiratory disease is spread through oral and nasal droplets and fomites (surface contact). Preventative measures to slow the transmission includes social distancing, wearing masks, and hygiene practices. Contact tracing has been identified as an essential preventative measure in the management of COVID-19. Digital health solutions are being used in the management and prevention of COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the scoping review is to: (1) identify the types of digital health solutions used for COVID-19 contact tracing (2) assessing the impact of the solution and (3) determining the research and innovation gaps.

METHODS

This review utilized scoping review methodologies to effectively, efficiently, and rapidly gather evidence related to COVID-19, contact tracing and digital health. The framework to evaluate the evidence consisted of five stages. A search strategy was developed, and relevant articles was retrieved from PubMed, EBSCO and Web of Science. Articles was screened for eligibility using the research question as a guide.

RESULTS

A total of 33 was found from the various databases, 16 duplicates was removed. The title and abstract of 17 articles was screened, 3 articles was removed. The full-text articles were screened, and 9 articles was excluded as they did not include any data as they were presented in the form of editorials, commentary or viewpoints. The results highlighted the use of digital technology to aid in contact tracing. The primary focus of the applications was finding the geographical location of the contacts.

CONCLUSIONS

Although the COVID-19 pandemic is a recent ongoing event, the limited articles published provides key information to strengthen future digital health contact tracing initiatives. The readiness checklist could assist with the current and future contact tracing initiatives.
Assessing the Dissemination of COVID-19 Articles Across Social Media With Altmetric and PlumX Metrics: Correlational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Tornberg Haley N , Moezinia Carine , Wei Chapman , Bernstein Simone A , Wei Chaplin , Al-Beyati Refka , Quan Theodore , Diemert David J
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

The use of social media assists in the distribution of COVID-19 information to the general public and health professionals. Alternative-level metrics (ie, altmetrics) and PlumX metrics are new bibliometrics that can assess how many times a scientific article has been shared and how much a scientific article has spread within social media platforms.

OBJECTIVE

Our objective was to characterize and compare the traditional bibliometrics (ie, citation count and impact factors) and new bibliometrics (ie, Altmetric Attention Score [AAS] and PlumX score) of the top 100 COVID-19 articles with the highest AASs.

METHODS

The top 100 articles with highest AASs were identified with Altmetric Explorer in May 2020. The AASs, journal names, and the number of mentions in various social media databases of each article were collected. Citation counts and PlumX Field-Weighted Citation Impact scores were collected from the Scopus database. Additionally, AASs, PlumX scores, and citation counts were log-transformed and adjusted by +1 for linear regression, and Spearman correlation coefficients were used to determine correlations.

RESULTS

The median AAS, PlumX score, and citation count were 4922.50, 37.92, and 24.00, respectively. The New England Journal of Medicine published the most articles (18/100, 18%). The highest number of mentions (985,429/1,022,975, 96.3%) were found on Twitter, making it the most frequently used social media platform. A positive correlation was observed between AAS and citation count (r2=0.0973; P=.002), and between PlumX score and citation count (r2=0.8911; P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Our study demonstrated that citation count weakly correlated with AASs and strongly correlated with PlumX scores, with regard to COVID-19 articles at this point in time. Altmetric and PlumX metrics should be used to complement traditional citation counts when assessing the dissemination and impact of a COVID-19 article.
Public Perceptions and Attitudes Toward COVID-19 Nonpharmaceutical Interventions Across Six Countries: A Topic Modeling Analysis of Twitter Data (Preprint)
Authors: Doogan Caitlin , Buntine Wray , Linger Henry , Brunt Samantha
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) (such as wearing masks and social distancing) have been implemented by governments around the world to slow the spread of COVID-19. To promote public adherence to these regimes, governments need to understand the public perceptions and attitudes toward NPI regimes and the factors that influence them. Twitter data offer a means to capture these insights.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to identify tweets about COVID-19 NPIs in six countries and compare the trends in public perceptions and attitudes toward NPIs across these countries. The aim is to identify factors that influenced public perceptions and attitudes about NPI regimes during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

We analyzed 777,869 English language tweets about COVID-19 NPIs in six countries (Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Ireland, the United Kingdom, and the United States). The relationship between tweet frequencies and case numbers was assessed using a Pearson correlation analysis. Topic modeling was used to isolate tweets about NPIs. A comparative analysis of NPIs between countries was conducted.

RESULTS

The proportion of NPI-related topics, relative to all topics, varied between countries. The New Zealand data set displayed the greatest attention to NPIs, and the US data set showed the lowest. The relationship between tweet frequencies and case numbers was statistically significant only for Australia (r=0.837, P<.001) and New Zealand (r=0.747, P<.001). Topic modeling produced 131 topics related to one of 22 NPIs, grouped into seven NPI categories: Personal Protection (n=15), Social Distancing (n=9), Testing and Tracing (n=10), Gathering Restrictions (n=18), Lockdown (n=42), Travel Restrictions (n=14), and Workplace Closures (n=23). While less restrictive NPIs gained widespread support, more restrictive NPIs were perceived differently across countries. Four characteristics of these regimes were seen to influence public adherence to NPIs: timeliness of implementation, NPI campaign strategies, inconsistent information, and enforcement strategies.

CONCLUSIONS

Twitter offers a means to obtain timely feedback about the public response to COVID-19 NPI regimes. Insights gained from this analysis can support government decision making, implementation, and communication strategies about NPI regimes, as well as encourage further discussion about the management of NPI programs for global health events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF SOME NOVEL ACRIDINE DERIVATIVES
Authors: PADIGELA SWETHA , RM BHAGAVAN RAJU , VVS RAJENDRA PRASAD
Published: June 2020

Objective: The objective of the study was to synthesize and evaluate the anticancer activity of some novel acridine derivatives.

Methods: The present works involve condensation of acridine and various 2, 4-Thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives (2a–2h) with chloroacetyl chloride to give a novel acridine derivatives (5a–5l), respectively.

Results: All the newly synthesized molecules (5a–5l) were characterized by FTIR, H1-NMR, and mass spectral analysis along with physical data. The biological potentials of the new synthesized compounds are evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity by MTT assay.

Conclusion: The synthesized compounds 5a, 5f, and 5h exhibited good anticancer activity against MCF-7 and SKVO3 cancer cell lines at a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL-1.
IMPACT OF CERTAIN EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTIONS ON ADVERSE DRUG REACTION REPORTING BY NURSING HEALTH PROFESSIONALS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: SONOWAL SUPRIYA , K DESAI CHETNA , R PANCHAL JIGAR
Published: June 2020

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the impact of certain educational interventions on adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting by nursing health professionals at a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of the nurses regarding ADR reporting were evaluated before and after interventions using a KAP questionnaire. Educational interventions carried out among the nurses were workshops, booklets, SMSes, personal briefings, and posters. Number and quality of ADR reported by nurses in pre-intervention (3 months), intervention (10 months), and post-intervention (3 months) phase were compared.

Results: There was a significant increase in response rate to questionnaires in the post-intervention phase (post-IP) (97.74%) as compared to pre-intervention (91.28%) phase (pre-IP). The knowledge score of the nurses increased significantly in post-IP (11.65 ± 2.14) as compared to the pre-intervention (6.98 ± 2.46) phase. No ADR was reported by nurses in pre-IP. Thirty nurses reported 30 ADRs in the intervention phase and six nurses reported six ADRs in the post-IP. The mean score of completeness of ADR notification forms decreased significantly in post-IP. Maximum ADRs (10) were reported after the workshops.

Conclusion: Educational interventions improved the KAP of ADR reporting by nurses, albeit temporary. This suggests the need of continuous educational interventions.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF HYMENAEA COURBARIL L. FRUIT
Authors: NARVAEZ CORREA MARIANA , RODRÍGUEZ AGUIRRE OSCAR EDUARDO , ARIAS PALACIOS JANETH DEL CARMEN
Published: June 2020

Objective: The assessment of the antimicrobial activity of Hymenaea courbaril L. on different microorganisms was realized with four bacteria, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, two yeasts Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and finally two filamentous fungi Aspergillus niger.

Methods: The method of plates and wells was used, using extracts from the fruit of the plant mentioned above. These extracts were made with different solvents such as hexane, dichloromethane, ethanol, and aqueous.

Results: It was determined that the dichloromethane extract of H. courbaril L. has antimicrobial activity against the bacterium S. aureus showing a percentage of inhibition of 1.47%.

Conclusions: In comparison to bacteria, fungi do not represent a significant inhibitory capacity which represents that when comparing these extracts of this plant, under the test conditions evaluated, it was presented that they obtained antimicrobial activity against S. aureus.
EFFECTS OF TELMISARTAN ON PLASMA INTERLEUKIN-6 AND C-REACTIVE PROTEIN LEVELS IN MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE-INDUCED OBESITY IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS
Authors: KM VENKATESH , BS SRIRAM , V RAVICHANDRA , HOLLA RAJENDRA
Published: June 2020

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of telmisartan on plasma interleukin (IL)-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced obesity in Wistar albino rats.

Methods: MSG at the dose of 500 mg/kg body weight is dissolved in distilled water and administered for 22 days. On the 9th day, telmisartan 7.5 mg/kg body weight is administered. After completion of experiment, body weight and biochemical parameters such as plasma IL-6 and CRP levels are measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results: Telmisartan significantly decreased plasma IL-6 and CRP levels in MSG-treated obese rats.

Conclusion: Telmisartan, probably through its peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonistic activity, produces significant anti-obesity effects in rats and may help in treating obese patients with metabolic syndrome.
EFFECTS OF GREEN IRON NANOPARTICLES ON BIOFILM-FORMING BACTERIA
Authors: GHOSH DASTIDAR MADHUMITA , BS NIVEDITHA , R POOJA
Published: June 2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to observe the effects of iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) synthesized from plant source of biofilm-forming bacteria.

Methods: FeNPs were synthesized from Pongamia pinnata leaf extracts and it was characterized using ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). The synthesized FeNPs were evaluated against biofilm-forming Gram-negative Pseudomonas, sewage organisms, and Gram-positive hay Bacillus, Bacillus subtilis. These biofilm-forming microorganisms were evaluated for antibiotic sensitivity. The extracellular and intracellular proteins of biofilm-forming bacteria were estimated in the presence of FeNPs.

Results: All these biofilm-forming microorganisms were found to be antibiotic resistant. The green FeNPs showed potential antimicrobial effectiveness against hay Bacillus followed by Pseudomonas and sewage bacteria. These nanoparticles inhibited the intracellular protein formation more than extracellular proteins of biofilm-forming microorganisms.

Conclusions: It can be concluded that the FeNPs synthesized from plant sources were effectively inhibited the biofilm-forming microorganisms by obstructing the intracellular protein synthesis. These nanoparticles can be used as an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and alternative molecule to treat the antibiotic-resistant biofilm-forming microorganisms.
ASSOCIATION OF SERUM SIALIC ACID AND SERUM URIC ACID LEVELS WITH FASTING BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS IN TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS
Authors: PASCAL SINGH YENDREMBAM , SINGH PUNIA VED PAL , RAI GLADYS , NANDKEOLIAR MANOJ KUMAR
Published: June 2020

Objectives: The objective of the study was to estimate the serum sialic acid and serum uric acid levels in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus and non-diabetic individuals and determining the association of serum sialic acid and serum uric acid levels with fasting blood glucose levels in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus and also in non-diabetic individuals.

Methods: The study was a cross-sectional analysis where 70 individuals in the age group of 30–70 years participated during 6 months period. This included two groups, one for type-2 diabetes patients as cases and other non-diabetics as controls. In each group, 35 individuals participated. There were 15 males and 20 females in type-2 diabetic group and 16 males and 19 females in non-diabetic group. Fasting blood glucose, serum sialic acid, and serum uric acid were estimated in both the groups.

Results: In this study, the serum sialic acid levels of type-2 diabetes mellitus were shown to be increased (76.60 ± 7.89) when compared to non-diabetics (39.66 ± 9.55) with a statistically significant, p < 0.001. The serum uric acid concentrations were also found to be slightly elevated in type-2 diabetes mellitus (4.48 ± 0.79) when compared to non-diabetics (4.28 ± 0.89) with a statistically non-significant, p = 0.323.

Conclusion: Based on this study, it is concluded that serum sialic acid and serum uric acid levels have been found to be positively associated with type- 2 diabetes mellitus in both men and women, indicating the risk of developing microvascular complications in those patients. Therefore, estimating the sialic acid and uric acid levels can aid in the early diagnosis and prevention of microvascular complications caused by type-2 diabetes mellitus.
GENOTOXIC IMPURITIES: AN IMPORTANT REGULATORY ASPECT
Authors: R POUNIKAR ANITA , J UMEKAR MILIND , R GUPTA KRISHNA
Published: June 2020

Genotoxins are agents/carriers such as chemical or radiation that can cause the damage to DNA or chromosomal structure, thereby causing mutations and the process are called as genotoxicity. Identification and understanding of genotoxins at a primary stage of drug development would enable us to prevent the potential damage that can be caused by these genotoxic agents. Various regulatory agencies such as International Council for Harmonization and EMEA, USFDA, European Pharmacopeia guidance, guidance for oncology products provide guidelines to limits the level of impurities in drug substances and drug products. Nowadays, conventional protocol of isolation, various spectral analysis high-performance liquid chromatography (LC), Fourier transform infrared to on-line analysis using modern, sophisticated hyphenated tools, like gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, LC-MS so on, as well as modern software based in silico drug designs are extensively used by industry, research, and development areas and also there is tremendous increase in publications in the literature involving their use. Our review article focused on the various regulatory guidelines, application of hyphenated tools, and in silico techniques in genotoxic impurity and degradation product profiling of small molecules. A brief explanation is made on possible pitfalls in the experimentation and data interpretation. From this review, it concluded that there are various countries having their own regulatory agencies and regulatory guidelines for drug approvals, which may be followed by applying new chemical entities the new drug application title (NDA) in new drug application as well as there are various conventional to modern software based techniques to quantification of genotoxic impurities.
Diversas posturas con respecto a la admisibilidad o inadmisibilidad de la indemnización de perjuicios en caso de incumplimientos a los deberes matrimoniales en el derecho chileno
Authors: Vargas Morales Ricardo Alberto
Published: June 2020

El presente estudio examina la procedencia de la responsabilidad civil extracontractual a propósito de la infracción de los deberes matrimoniales. Se formula una revisión y análisis sistemático acerca de los principales argumentos de admisibilidad e improcedencia vertidos por doctrina nacional o acogidos por la jurisprudencia.
Activismo judicial dialógico como propuesta de superación de la objeción democrática al control de constitucionalidad
Authors: Vargas Murillo Alfonso Renato
Published: June 2020

El presente trabajo pretende analizar el problema de la objeción democrática al control de constitucionalidad desde las propuestas provenientes de la democracia deliberativa y el constitucionalismo dialógico y responder a las siguientes preguntas: ¿cuáles son las principales características del denominado activismo judicial dialógico?, ¿de qué manera el activismo judicial dialógico pretende superar la objeción democrática?
Presunciones absolutas de culpabilidad concursal: estado de la cuestión en el Derecho uruguayo, comparado con las legislaciones española y portuguesa
Authors: López Rodríguez Carlos E.
Published: June 2020

En este artículo se realiza un análisis de las presunciones absolutas de culpabilidad concursal previstas en la legislación uruguaya, desde la perspectiva de su comparación con la regulación que a los mismos brindan las legislaciones española y portuguesa, así como atendiendo a las apreciaciones de la doctrina y jurisprudencia de estos países. En particular, nos detendremos en el análisis de aquellos supuestos que mayores controversias han generado en los incidentes de calificación en nuestro país. En algunos casos hemos realizado un relevamiento de los criterios jurisprudenciales con que se han interpretado las presunciones absolutas. En términos generales, entendemos que éstas constituyen supuestos típicos de culpabilidad que concretizan ciertos deberes fiduciarios de los comerciantes y administradores de sociedades comerciales. Esto contribuye, en nuestra opinión, a una distribución eficiente y, a la vez, justa del riesgo derivado de la insolvencia.
Relasi Islam-Kristen: Studi Kasus di Desa Tegalombo, Pati, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Ghufron Ghufron
Published: June 2020

This paper wants to build an alternative model for caring for inter-religious harmony. The model can be found through the cultural mechanism that occurs in Islamic-Christian relations in Tegalombo Village, Pati, Central Java. The foundation of harmony between the two religions rests on the sustainability of three harmony models, namely: First, interfaith prayer in the celebration of family or village level; Second, culture visits each other during feast days, when someone is sick, and the inter-food sharing as a form of connecting harmony. Third, practical model dialogue in the Selapanan forum that brings together two religious groups in order to discuss various issues of security and social development. On the other hand, the relationship between the two also triggered a tension triggered by the contestation over the dominance of religious broadcasting with certain techniques such as recitation (Islam) and Revival Service (Christian).
Metode Cultural Responsive Teaching dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam: Studi Kasus Tindak Xenophobia dan Rasisme di Tengah Bencana Covid-19
Authors: Abadi Mansurni , Muthohirin Nafik
Published: June 2020

This article would like to explain the Cultural Responsive Teaching (CRT) approach in the learning of Islamic religion as an alternative effort to overcome the increase in xenophobia and racism action in the midst of the Covid-19. The method of extracting data is based on a literature review sourced from books, journals, mass media, and various expressions of racism and xenophobia that emerge on the homepage of Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp groups, and other social media accounts. This paper will explain several important things, including CRT as an approach to see the diversity of cultures, ethnicities, religions, and groups; the meeting point of the CRT approach to the implementation of Islamic religious learning, and the elaboration between the two in voicing the importance of avoiding narratives based on racism and xenophobia.
Manifestaciones y límites de la buena fe objetiva en la ejecución de los contratos. Criterios jurídicos para la resolución de situaciones contractuales difusas
Authors: Elorriaga De Bonis Fabián
Published: June 2020

La buena fe no es solo un principio informador del ordenamiento jurídico en general y de los contratos en particular, sino que se configura como un deber de comportamiento típico que la ley impone a los contratantes. Esto se manifiesta en el nacimiento de una serie de deberes contractuales de comportamiento, denominados deberes implícitos, colaterales, implied terms, prestaciones virtuales o figuras parcelares de la buena fe, todos los que no están expresamente previstos en el contrato como obligaciones de las partes, pero que derivan de la buena fe y sirven para decidir situaciones contractuales difusas. Con todo, la buena fe no es un recurso que carezca de límites, ya que salvo que existan buenas razones para ello, estos relevantes deberes no pueden invocarse para eludir lo claramente estipulado en el contrato, y ellos podrán alegarse con sustento sólo para integrarlo donde no existió suficiente previsión o lo estipulado no es armónico o coherente con las circunstancias de hecho que rodean su ejecución y la finalidad económica de las partes.
La colaboración de las partes y de terceros en la producción de la prueba, con énfasis en la prueba pericial
Authors: Soba Bracesco Ignacio M.
Published: June 2020

La regulación de la colaboración ha merecido la atención de los sistemas legales-procesales que, poco a poco, han abandonado el paradigma clásico. Mientras que en algunos casos los litigantes se encuentran con la carga de colaborar, en otros, se les imponen verdaderos deberes de colaboración. La distinción resulta relevante, dada las distintas implicancias que podría tener la ausencia o falta de colaboración. Asimismo, se analizarán conductas específicas en las que se materializa la colaboración procesal de las partes y de terceros respecto de la prueba pericial.
Eventual integration or delayed transit: Interaction of residents in reception centres with their new environment in Serbia
Authors: Vukcevic Nemanja
Published: June 2020

The purpose of our study was an analysis of reception centre residents? attitudes in the Republic of Serbia toward the state and the local population. Using a questionnaire, we tried to identify the differences in respondents? attitudes toward their new environment depending on their various socio-demographic characteristics. The survey was conducted in the spring of 2019 on a sample of 173 residents of centres using the PAPI method, face-to-face, and voluntary response sampling. The data obtained are the result of descriptive and inferential analysis and were processed by the SPSS statistical data processing program. Our statistical analysis showed that attitudes of reception centre residents toward their new environment may not correlate strongly with their mother tongue, knowledge of foreign languages, marital status, number of family members, number of minor children in the family, work status, or religion. Instead, it is more likely to depend on their level of education, age, nationality, and gender. Such results show us where we need to improve inter-action, especially among women, young people, and people with a low level of education. We can also suggest that, under favourable conditions, these three categories of reception centre residents will be the first to leave the Republic of Serbia, which they probably see exclusively as a transit country. At the same time, older people and people with a high level of education (most likely men) are more likely to integrate into their new environment in the Republic of Serbia. The more interaction they have with local people and institutions and the higher the quality of that interaction, the more likely they are to integrate.
Gender-specific differences in the anthropometric characteristics of the distal femur and proximal tibia condyles
Authors: Marinkovic Nadica , Aleksic Ivan , Vasic-Vilic Jasenka , Janovic Natasa
Published: June 2020

Background/Aim. In the course of identification, skeletal remains are used to determine the gender, age, and height of the body. The pelvic bone, skull, and femur were commonly used to determine gender; however, modern radiology techniques have enabled the use of other bones of the skeletal system (all long bones, scapula, clavicle, metacarpal and metatarsal bones, vertebras, ribs, etc.). The aim of this study was to determine whether certain anthropometric characteristics of the distal femur and proximal tibia are indicative of gender differences. Methods. The respective research has been carried out between 2011 and 2014 at the Institute of Pathology and Forensic Medicine and Institute of Radiology of the Military Medical Academy in Belgrade on 203 subjects (152 men and 50 women), between 11 and 6 3 y ears of age (35.50 ? 12.98). Diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging of the living persons? knees was used. Measures taken included the longest mediolateral diameter of the distal femur condyle, the mediolateral diameter of the proximal tibia condyle and the diameter of the proximal tibia intercondylar eminence. Descriptive statistics and the Student's t-test were used for statistical analyses of data. Results. The mediolateral diameter of the distal femur in men was from 7.70 cm to 9.70 cm (8.80 ? 0.39 cm), and in women from 6.60 cm to 8.50 cm (7.62 ? 0.39 cm). The mediolateral diameter of the proximal tibia in men was from 7.20 cm to 9.30 cm (8.09 ? 0.38 cm), and in women from 5.90 cm to 8.00 cm (7.04 ? 0.36 cm). The mediolateral diameter of the proximal tibia intercondylar eminence in men was from 1.00 cm to 2.30 cm (1.44 ? 0.21 cm), and in women from 0.90 cm to 2.00 cm (1.33 ? 0.21 cm). The measures obtained showed a gender-specific statistically significant difference. Conclusion. The mediolateral diameters of the distal femur condyle, proximal tibia condyle and proximal tibia intercondylar eminence are indicative of gender-specific differences and may be used in the procedure of determining gender based on skeletal remains.
Mediastinal ectopic thyroid tissue as diferential diagnostic problem: A case report
Authors: Stojanoski Stefan , Bjelovic Milorad , Ilincic Branislava , Vuckovic Dejan , Kozic Dusko , Medic Stojanoska
Published: June 2020

Introduction. Mediastinal ectopic thyroid tissue (ETT) rep-resents a rare entity. Clinically, it can manifest with thyroid gland dysfunction or with symptoms and signs caused by a compressive effect on the surrounding structures, but in most cases it is an asymptomatic condition and incidental finding. All pathologic processes, including malignancy that can occur in the orthotopic thyroid gland can also develop in the ETT. Case report. We presented a case of a 17-year-old female with incidentally found mediastinal ETT. Besides ETT, the patient had an orthotopic thyroid gland and was euthyroid. During follow-up, mild compressive symptoms developed. Magnetic resonance imaging examination showed a non-significant increase of the mediastinal mass volume, but due to its morphological changes, a suspicion of another etiology was raised. A discrepancy between the positive technetium-99m pertechnetate and negative 131 iodine radionuclide imaging of the mediastinal mass was highly suspicious for malignancy. Surgery was performed and the pathologist confirmed that it was a colloid goiter in the mediastinal ETT. Conclusion. Mediastinal ectopic thyroid tissue should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of the mediastinal tumor mass. An increase in the size of the mediastinal ETT, development of compressive symptoms or suspected malignant alteration require surgical treatment.
Balloon angioplasty of cardiac vein in a patient treated by cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Djuric Predrag , Mladenovic Zorica , Drobnjak Dragan , Spasic Marijan , Jovic Zoran , Djuric Ivica , Bogdanovic Predrag , Romanovic Radoslav , Milasinovic Goran
Published: June 2020

Introduction. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) reduces mortality and hospitalization in patients with symptomatic heart failure and left bundle branch block (LBBB) on optimal drug therapy. Among all, the reasons for ?non-response? to CRT pacemaker could be the failure to achieve optimal left ventricular (LV) lead position due to severe curve or stenosis/occlusion of the target vein. Case report. We presented a 79-old-male patient, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III, with atrial fibrillation, chronic coronary syndrome (CCS), and prior myocardial infarction. The patient underwent coronary artery bypass surgery and mechanical prosthetic aortic valve implantation. He was indicated for CRT. The patient?s venogram revealed ostial/proximal severe curve and stenosis of the posterolateral vein, the only vein of coronary sinus that led to anatomically optimal LV segment for stimulation. After the balloon angioplasty of the curved and stenotic portion of the target vein with compliant balloon 4.0 ? 30 mm, a satisfactory and stable position of quadripolar LV lead was achieved. Conclusion. Compliant balloon angioplasty could be a safe and efficient way to override severe coronary vein stenosis in some CRT cases.
1-LB: Diurnal Regulation of Pancreatic Beta-Cell Proliferation following Massive Ablation
Authors: PETRENKO VOLODYMYR , STOLOVICH-RAIN MIRI , VANDEREYCKEN BART , CHERA SIMONA , DOR YUVAL , DIBNER CHARNA
Published: June 2020

Pancreatic islet cellular oscillators have been recently demonstrated to play a critical role in regulating glucose homeostasis in physiological conditions. However, little is known about changes of molecular clockwork upon islet dysfunction, and its role in beta (b)-cell regeneration. We aimed to assess diurnal regulation of b-cell proliferation and circadian transcriptome of alpha (a)- and b-cells following massive b-cell ablation in rtTA/TET-DTA mouse model. Diurnal proliferation of remnant b-cells was assessed by injecting bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) before sacrificing in several time-points across 24 h. The role of functional islet oscillators in b-cell regeneration was studies in clock deficient mice. Our data suggest that both absolute levels and diurnal profiles of blood glucose, insulin and glucagon are altered following b-cell ablation. Temporal RNAseq analyses suggest massive changes in b-cell temporal transcriptome landscape, with modest alterations in a-cell transcriptional regulation. Complimentary differential RNAseq analysis of b-cells between intact islets and after ablation showed altered expression of genes involved in hormone secretory pathway, and activation of transcripts responsible for cell proliferation. In line with the circadian rhythmicity of cell-cycle related transcripts, the incorporation of BrdU by residual b-cells exhibited circadian rhythmicity. Moreover, we show that also in young pups, b-cell proliferation follows diurnal pattern. Importantly, the arrhythmic Bmal1 KO mice failed to regenerate b-cells after ablation.

To conclude, loss of b-cell mass in rtTA/TET-DTA mice affects gene transcription in residual b-cells, but not in a-cells, while the temporal transcriptome profile is perturbed in both cell types, paralleled with impaired daily secretion of insulin and glucagon. Noteworthy, the key component of molecular clock Bmal1 is required for proper regeneration and functional recovery after massive b-cell ablation.

Disclosure

V. Petrenko: None. M. Stolovich-Rain: None. B. Vandereycken: None. S. Chera: None. Y. Dor: None. C. Dibner: None.

Funding

Swiss National Science Foundation (31003A_166700/1, 310030_184708/1)
1002-P: The ROTO Track Device Improves Rotation of Insulin Injections in T1DM: A Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: KLARSKOV CARINA K. , HAMID YASMIN H. , TJALK-BØGGILD RASMUS T. , TARNOW LISE , KRISTENSEN PETER L.
Published: June 2020

Lipohypertrophy (LH), a common side effect of insulin therapy, is caused by repetitively injecting insulin into the same location.

When insulin is injected into LH lesions, the absorption of insulin may be erratic and unpredictable, which can lead to unexpected hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia and increased blood glucose variability.

To improve injection techniques and avoid LH, a new medical device, ROTO Track® which automatically guides the person with diabetes to rotate the abdominal insulin injections was tested.

The hypothesis is that the device can reduce the number of insulin injections in the same subcutaneous area as compared with non-aided standard insulin injection techniques in people with T1DM.

Methods: In this proof-of-concept cross-over study, baseline data about injection site in the abdominal region was collected blinded for one week with a non-guiding version of the device and compared to 12 weeks of device guidance in 35 people with T1DM. The device registered injection time and location on the abdomen. Based on this a "rotation score", the primary endpoint, was calculated. Secondary end points included number and size of LH, glycemic variability and HbA1c. LH sizes were documented by drawing on a wound care grid after palpation of the skin. Interstitial glucose was measured with a continuous glucose monitor and the coefficient of variation, CV was calculated.

Results: The rotation score improved significantly from a baseline mean of 40.2% to 49.9% after one week (CI: 2.2% - 17.2%, p=0.012) and improved further after 12 weeks to 52.2% (p<0.001).

After 12 weeks, LH was reduced both in mean size from 11.9 (+/- 9.5) cm2 to 8.2 (+/- 9.7) cm2 (p=0.041) and numbers (p=0.039) and the CV of interstitial glucose was reduced from 38.6 to 35.1 (p=0.009).

There were no changes in mean interstitial glucose, HbA1c or hypoglycemic events after 12 weeks.

Conclusion: This proof-of-concept study indicates that the device is safe, improves rotation, reduces LH and reduces glycemic variability.

Disclosure

C.K. Klarskov: None. Y.H. Hamid: None. R.T. Tjalk-Bøggild: Board Member; Self; ROTO Health ApS. Employee; Self; ROTO Health ApS. L. Tarnow: None. P.L. Kristensen: None.

Funding

Innovation Fund Denmark (8063-00049B); Nordic Healthcare Technology