bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lending Conditions and Marketing Strategies Of Financial Institutions in Kosovo to Support Access to Finance for Women Entrepreneurs
Authors: Avdullahi Ajtene , Ademi Vjosa Fejza
Published: April 2020

Purpose: The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the effort of financial institutions that support female entrepreneurship in a developing economy as well as the marketing strategies that those financial institutions utilize to increase the awareness of the female entrepreneurs concerning their preferential lending conditions and terms.

Design/methodology/approach: For our research purpose the secondary data are used such as research papers, books and reports. The comparative method is used to compare the financial institutions lending conditions as well as the marketing and promotional strategies of those institutions.

Findings: Access to finance presents one of the main barriers for female entrepreneurs in developing countries. Our results indicate that not so many financial institutions are constantly offering preferential lending conditions and terms for female-owned enterprises.

Practical implications: We propose that financial institutions need to increase the number of loans and credit packages that support women's entrepreneurship and to create and promote much more marketing plans and strategies for women financial support packages from banks, to raise awareness of women entrepreneurs regarding the preferential lending conditions and special offers.

Paper type: Research paper
Acceptance, Effectiveness and Relationship of Blended Learning Implementation Among Lecturers in Polytechnic Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin.
Authors: Mahmood Hasni Bin , Noor Saupi Bin Mohamed
Published: April 2020

Purpose: This paper aims to analyze Acceptance, Effectiveness and Relationship of Blended Learning Implementation Among Lecturers in Polytechnic Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin.

Design/methodology/approach: The method used is statistic-descriptive and the design used is cross sectional.

Findings:  2 hypotheses are rejected while the other is accepted.

Research limitations/implications: Variables considered in this study are e-Learning, blended learning, innovation, teaching and online learning. with data showing 270 academic lecturers in PSMZA

Practical implications: Results show that from the 2 hypotheses proposed.

Originality/value: This paper is original.

Paper type: This paper can be categorized as a case study.

 

Keyword: e-Learning, blended learning, innovation, teaching and online learning
EFL student and faculty perceptions of and attitudes towards online testing in the medium of Blackboard: Promises and challenges
Authors: Fageeh Abdulaziz I.
Published: April 2020

This study explored efl students and faculty’s perceptions of and attitudes towards the use of online assessment and practice. A descriptive method was used, employing quantitative data collection and analyses from a sample of 400 students of different age categories and educational levels and another sample of 25 teachers in the English department. Results showed that students’ attitudes towards e-testing are generated by the test-takers’ perceptions of self-efficacy, enjoyment, usefulness, behavioural intentions to use web-based assessment, system satisfaction and system challenges in the order of the responses of the students. Furthermore, attitudes towards e-testing are generated by the students’ salient beliefs about the consequences of continued use and the evaluation of online testing technology. Web-based assessment and practice provided students with immediate feedback and automated scores that help students to have more control over their work and their effort. The findings from this study imply that creating web-based assessment technology awareness, motivation, and changing faculty and learners’ behaviours and attitudes is required for the success of e-testing adoption, implementation and diffusion in the future.
Exploring Taiwanese college students’ perceptions of text-based, computermediated communication technology in learning Japanese as a foreign language
Authors: Tanaka Makiko
Published: April 2020

The use of computers as an educational tool has become very popular in the context of language teaching and learning. Research into computer mediated communication (cmc) in a Japanese as a foreign language (jfl) learning and teaching context can take advantage of various pedagogical possibilities, just as in the English classroom. This study investigates the perceptions of cmc tools held by jfl students in Taiwan. It also examines utterance length and a feature of their online writing, the use of final particles in Japanese. The overall results indicate that the use of text-based cmc tools has positive effects, and is also perceived positively by the jfl learners. The pedagogical implications are that cmc tools can be especially beneficial when integrated within an instructionally-oriented jfl course.
An attempt to raise Japanese EFL learners’ pragmatic awareness using online discourse completion tasks
Authors: Tanaka Hiroya , Oki Nanaho
Published: April 2020

This practical paper discusses the effect of explicit instruction to raise Japanese efl learners’ pragmatic awareness using online discourse completion tasks. The five-part tasks developed by the authors use American tv drama scenes depicting particular speech acts and include explicit instruction in these speech acts. 46 Japanese efl college students enrolled in an English grammar course received explicit instruction and completed the tasks in five consecutive classes using an e-portfolio system that allows them to share their learning outcomes. Their pragmatic awareness was measured by pre- and post-instruction pragmatic judgment tasks. The results showed that the participants’ pragmatic awareness developed significantly after the instruction. The learners evaluated the awareness raising activities as effective; however, their learning outcomes reveal challenges in developing grammatical and lexical knowledge together with pragmatic knowledge. This paper will discuss the effects of the instruction, the participants’ perception of the usefulness of the tasks, and their actual responses to the tasks to further identify the challenges that Japanese efl learners should meet to develop well-balanced communicative competence in the language.
Introducing ICT to teachers of an institution-wide language programme: Principal considerations
Authors: Leahy Christine
Published: April 2020

This article sets out to introduce some principal pedagogical considerations which influenced the design and delivery of a teacher training project for an institution-wide language programme. A training programme was developed which argues for the necessity of a theoretical framework in which e-learning can take place, as well as introducing different forms of e-learning and their evaluation in context. Some of the cornerstones of the programme delivery are introduced and discussed.
Single-page, multiple-view web pages for reading ease
Authors: Petersen Scott
Published: April 2020

Japanese universities often assign students who fail a course to separate, repeaters’ classes. At times, enrollment in such classes can balloon out of control, making the creation of a suitable syllabus quite difficult. Sheer numbers provide one difficulty, but the ranges of abilities as well as the lack of motivation compound this difficulty. One solution is to make the class a workshop, with the teacher creating assignments that the students complete at their own pace. If the university has a wireless LAN (local area network), the teacher can offer the assignments in the form of Web pages. Students can then log on, complete the assignments, and submit them by e-mail. This was the reasoning behind the writer’s repeaters’ classes. This paper reports on one problem that immediately arose from this plan and three solutions. Readers are offered the opportunity to download and try the solution for their own classes. The experience I relate also illustrates the utility of knowing basic Web page construction.
Computer-assisted pronunciation instruction as an effective means for teaching stress
Authors: AbuSeileek Ali
Published: April 2020

This study seeks to assess the efficacy of computer-based pronunciation instruction for enabling EFL learners in advanced English language classes at the university-level to perceive and produce correct stress patterns. The study focuses on using the communicative approach in learning stress patterns which is based on providing meaningful, interactive, and authentic activities. The findings of the study reveal that computer-assisted pronunciation instruction is effective in improving the EFL learners’ ability to produce and perceive correctly different stress patterns in words, phrases, and sentences, and that students also have a positive attitude toward computer-assisted pronunciation instruction and activities.
The effect of computer-based grammar instruction on the acquisition of verb tenses in an EFL context
Authors: AbuSeileek Ali Farhan , Rabab’ah Ghaleb A.
Published: April 2020

This paper presents results from two experiments which used computer-based grammar and teacher-driven grammar (chalk and talk) instructional methods. Each method involves teaching verb tenses using two deductive approaches (a) the initial rule-oriented approach (involves initial presentation of explicit rules followed by illustrative examples) and (b) the structure-guessing approach (involves explicit presentation of rules in response to structure guessing exercises). The effectiveness of these methods and approaches are compared based on the results obtained from the post-test administered at the end of the experiment. The results reveal significant differences between the four groups in favor of the computer-based grammar instructional method, and more specifically the structure-guessing approach except for the present perfect tense. However, the study shows that both methods (computer-based and teacher-driven) and both approaches (the initial rule-oriented and the structure-guessing) are effective in teaching English verb tenses.
Creating a student-generated glossary in Moodle: How is it done and how effective is it?
Authors: Stanley Iain
Published: April 2020

Vocabulary acquisition was proving extremely difficult and demotivating for students in a 2nd year Intensive Reading course at a private Japanese languages university, so technology, in the form of Moodle, was introduced to the course. The aim was to build a student-generated glossary that would provide students with information on necessary vocabulary items as well as various opportunities to see the items in different contexts. Instructing students on how to use the glossary, and then finding ways of getting them to use the glossary consistently were the biggest challenges.
Video tutorials: Camtasia in the ESL classroom
Authors: Gromik Nicolas
Published: April 2020

The increasing quality and ever-growing presence of technology in and outside the classroom allows teachers to experiment with new forms of lesson delivery, from video production (Gromik, 2007), to blogging (Pinkman, 2005) and teacher produced podcasts (Diem, 2005). Recently however a new form of lesson delivery is becoming available. During the JALT CALL 2006 conference, Allard and Gromik presented a workshop about creating video tutorials using Camtasia. Following up on this workshop, this article describes a current research project that presents Camtasia-based video tutorials about software operation to English as Foreign Language (EFL) Japanese learners.
A new perspective of CALL software for English perceptual training in pronunciation instruction
Authors: Liao Fei-Hsuan
Published: April 2020

Description
Abstract
In this research, the effect of CALL software on English perceptual training is investigated. English Perceptual Pronunciation Training software is designed to train the learner’s perception of English vowels by building up adequate acoustic images in the learner’s mind. Non-English majors are selected as experiment subjects, who receive English perceptual training via CALL software and subsequently take two distinctive tests: Discrimination and Identification tests. Two different questionnaires are distributed among subjects before and after the instruction: a questionnaire enquiring about their English learning experience and an evaluation questionnaire constructed particularly from the learner’s viewpoint. Experimental results are discussed, and the influence of subjects’ English-language learning experience is taken into account. Conclusions will be drawn in relation to the tutorial design of this software and the possibilities and perspectives explored by CALL software for integrating perceptual training in pronunciation instruction.
Multimodal literacy practice and identity in standard English learning: A case study in Taiwan
Authors: Wu Hsiao-Ping
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this qualitative case study is to understand the impact of four high school students’ multimodal literacy practices in blogging and instant messaging (IM) on academic writing and how they construct their identities in terms of language use in Taiwan. Sources of data are questionnaires, academic writings, blog entries, chatting scripts, and online interviews. Computer-mediated discourse analysis was employed to examine the impact of IM features in academic writing and identity construction when engaging literacy practices in English. Data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The study confirms that online context is an important site for literacy practices, and it affects language use and identity. Findings showed that literacy practice online provided fluency in students’ writing. Students also performed different identities to practice English in IM. The study suggests future researchers and educators can incorporate and validate students’ favorite sites for literacy practice and learning.
Virtual communities of practice: An inquiry into the creation, benefits, motivations, enablers and barriers to participation
Authors: Thomas Simon
Published: April 2020

Teachers’ Communities of Practice (CoP) offer the potential for continuous professional development through knowledge sharing networks. Taking place both face-to-face and online in Virtual Communities of Practice (VCoP) the transfer, generation, and reinforcement of knowledge can promote better practices in the classroom. Through this investigation, the barriers, motivations and enabling factors affecting the creation and success of VCoPs will be illustrated with reference to literature and interviews with members of a professional organization of teachers in Japan. Significant influences affecting VCoPs will be shown to be teachers’ personal motivations, technology use and interpersonal relationships.
An evaluation of automated writing assessment
Authors: Hagerman Craig
Published: April 2020

This paper describes research done to empirically study the efficacy of using Criterion, a commercial web-based writing evaluation platform, as a revision aid, especially within a class following the Process Writing pedagogy. This paper first describes the background and rationale for Criterion automated writing evaluation, the Process Writing approach, as well as the natural language processing techniques used by Criterion. In this study an essay was submitted to Criterion multiple times with variations in a single feature each time. By logging the results and comparing how Criterion scored each submission it is possible to determine what components of an essay influence Criterion’s scoring. The conclusions from these results suggest that Criterion alone is not an adequate revision aid for the developing writer.
Learning environments that facilitate reflection on language learning
Authors: Mynard Jo
Published: April 2020

In this paper, I describe a university course designed to facilitate awareness of the language learning process through the examination and adoption of various technology-based language learning tools (TLLTs). I examine how three overlapping and complementary learning environments were used to facilitate the course and suggest that this arrangement of learning environments promotes reflection on language learning. The “Computer Assisted Language Learning” course was designed for third-year university students majoring in English. The course was not a content-based course, but instead designed for language learners in order to (1) raise students’ awareness of some TLLTs, and (2) to support students in critically evaluating their own language learning needs and selecting appropriate strategies and tools. Although data were not systematically analyzed, there was evidence that the learning environments provided an effective opportunity for students to reflect on the language learning process. In this article I suggest that there are some benefits of using a combination of learning environments and call for further research investigating levels of reflection using the environments.
Content-based instruction using Moodle: Creating a website to mirror and enhance a print textbook
Authors: Broadaway Rick
Published: April 2020

This paper will describe how Moodle was used to create an online version of a print textbook for a content-based course. After a brief overview of content-based instruction (CBI), it will introduce one way of designing a Moodle course homepage to make a reasonable rendition of a textbook while discussing the functionality of Moodle and how it enhances the effectiveness of CBI. The paper will also describe more advanced customizations of Moodle that were made to adapt the layout and functionality of the course to the needs of Japanese learners. Lastly, it will conclude by making a case for the use of a print textbook-website combo as an effective means of introducing CALL teaching technology gradually into a traditional institutional setting. An appendix is also provided with practical suggestions on how to render common CBI textbook activities into corresponding Moodle activities.
English Internet usage: An indicator or EFL progress
Authors: Byrne Jason R.
Published: April 2020

The study attempts to prove, or disprove, the hypothesis that English Internet usage is an indicator of English progress among freshman at a Japanese university. The background to this question is the notion that students, who independently use the English domain of the Internet are highly motivated and gain fluency practice. However, it was not clear how many, if any, of the students would be using the English domain of the Internet. The evidence suggests that an unexpectedly high number of students are using the English Internet and they are, in simple mean terms, making significantly more progress than students who do not. Moreover, with the removal of the masking effect of the entertainment variable, the English domain students’ mean average progress is double that of the full cohort.
Interactional behavior of foreign language learners in synchronous CMC: Are they really interacting?
Authors: Tanaka-Ellis Nobue
Published: April 2020

The aim of this exploratory study was to better understand some of the factors that influenced language learning using asynchronous computer-mediated communication, by analysing interactional behaviour of foreign language learners. The participants were learners of Japanese at an Australian secondary school and English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners at a Japanese high school, who communicated through a bulletin board system (BBS) using Japanese and English, to complete weekly tasks designed to develop understanding of the participants’ cultures. The messages on a BBS were analysed to see if meaningful interactions occurred between the participants, by determining whether the learners actually referred back to previous messages to provide appropriate answers, or whether learners simply wrote a series of monologues without reference to messages written by their interlocutors. The findings show that the threads of messages were often incoherent, and students did not always reply to requests for information posted by their overseas counterparts.
Spanish and French foreign learners’ blogging experience: Motivation and attitude
Authors: Normand-Marconnet Nadine , Cordella Marisa
Published: April 2020

This study makes use of weblogs (blogs) with the specific aim to assist intermediate second language learners of Spanish or French. We investigate the use of individual blogging in 158 Spanish and French learners to understand students’ motivation and attitude to blog in the foreign language over the 12 week period of the program. Results show that the rate of motivation fluctuated throughout the course of the project and that students showed a positive attitude towards learning and researching their assigned topics. In addition, some difficulties identified by students at the start of the program improved over time. Exposure to digital media contributes to improving the students’ language experience.
Barriers to the implementation of CALL in EFL courses: Iranian EFL teachers’ attitudes and perspectives
Authors: Dashtestani Reza
Published: April 2020

This study explored the attitudes of Iranian EFL teachers toward the use of CALL in EFL courses as well as their perceptions of possible barriers to the implementation of CALL. To achieve this aim, 212 EFL teachers participated in this study. Instrumentation included questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and non-participant observations. The findings indicated that Iranian EFL teachers hold positive attitudes toward the use of CALL. It was also revealed that the participants perceived computers as beneficial tools to be included in EFL courses. The participants further reported several serious barriers to the application and inclusion of CALL in Iranian EFL courses. Strategies and measures to be adopted in order to incorporate CALL into Iranian EFL courses were investigated as well. Finally, it was illustrated that Iranian EFL teachers do not make use of CALL in their courses. This shows a discrepancy between teachers’ attitudes and their actual use of computers in EFL courses. The findings promise implications for renewing EFL programs and teacher training/education courses.
Moodle: Students’ perspectives on forums, glossaries and quizzes
Authors: Hirschel Rob
Published: April 2020

A socio-cultural approach has been taken in investigating student perspectives of CALL instruction for EFL, specifically the use of three Moodle applications: forums, glossaries, and quizzes. This action research study employed open-ended survey questions and focus groups to examine student perceptions of the Moodle applications with regard to the provision of affordances (van Lier, 2004), noticing (Schmidt, 1995) and comprehensible output (Swain, 1985, 1995). Results indicate that students were largely appreciative of the forum exercises for the learning affordances and for the enabling of meaningful interaction. Quizzes were also popular for the affordances provided. Glossary activities were found to be lacking due to inadequate cognitive processing of vocabulary, insufficient repetition, other preferred methods of study, and ambiguous feeling with regard to the use of hyperlinks. Student participants also made a number of suggestions as to how the Moodle applications can be used more effectively.
Towards a model for mapping participation: Exploring factors affecting participation in a telecollaborative learning scenario in Second Life
Authors: Wang Airong , Deutschmann Mats , Steinvall Anders
Published: April 2020

The aim of the present study is to examine factors affecting participation in telecollaborative language courses conducted in virtual world environments. From recordings of a course in sociolinguistics conducted in Second Life (SL), we determine degrees of linguistic participation (voice and chat), and triangulate these data with questionnaire responses and observations in order to elucidate demographic, behavioural, and contextual factors that may have affected the outcomes. Findings suggest that power relations in terms of educational level, the task design (creating engagement), the presence of the teacher (evening out participation), the medium – SL (both negative and positive) and technological issues (negative) are of primary importance.
A REFORMA DO ENSINO MÉDIO:
Authors: Linhares de Carvalho Coelho Consolação , De Abreu Sousa Antonia
Published: April 2020

Nesse estudo, analisamos as contradições da reforma do Ensino Médio instituída pela Lei nº 13.415/2017 e expressa no documento da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). Os textos da referida lei e da BNCC defendem uma educação integrada, mas estrutura o currículo por meio de itinerários formativos de forma que inviabiliza o processo de interdisciplinaridade baseado nos eixos estruturantes do Ensino Médio, impossibilitando a integração entre a base comum e o ensino profissional, conforme está proposto nas atuais Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais e nos Decretos nº 5.154/04 e 6.302/07. Diante dessa reforma que ameaça os princípios de formação integral da classe trabalhadora, é preciso se construir uma consciência para que enquanto profissionais da educação possamos reagir, por meio de nossas práticas pedagógicas, contra o desmonte da educação pública.
O SABER FAZER ESCOLHAS BEM INFORMADAS E A GESTÃO BIOPOLÍTICA DOS CONSUMIDORES NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE
Authors: Mutz Andresa Silva da Costa , Gomes Raquel Salcedo
Published: April 2020

Examino o modo como tem sido operacionalizada a educação financeira, instituída como Política Pública do Estado brasileiro pelo Decreto Federal 7.397/2010, atentando para seus efeitos na constituição dos sujeitos de consumo na contemporaneidade. Selecionei: I) o depoimento de um membro do grupo de autoajuda conhecido como Devedores Anônimos; II) o teste em um folheto disponibilizado pela Fundação de Proteção e Defesa do Consumidor (PROCON); III) o manual de Prevenção e tratamento do superendividado editado pela Escola Nacional de Defesa do Consumidor. O referencial teórico adotado na pesquisa é o pós-estruturalista e de inspiração foucaultiana. A metodologia empregada na produção e análise dos dados envolve a operação com noções como tecnologia do eu, governo, risco, entre outras. Os resultados obtidos permitiram o mapeamento de três ações – o narrar-se, o julgar-se, o dominar-se – requeridas dos indivíduos envolvidos nas atividades pedagógicas promovidas pela Estratégia Nacional de Educação Financeira. Pude inferir que as diferentes estratégias relacionadas à consciência para o consumo podem ser compreendidas como modos de conduzir a conduta dos consumidores tornando-os sujeitos confessantes - forma de instrumentalizá-los para o autogoverno.
Money Laundering in British Columbia Casinos
Authors: Smith Garry
Published: April 2020

A Critical Gambling Studies blog entry on money laundering in British Columbia casinos.
Image Analysis of Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Based on Artificial Neural Network Algorithms
Authors: Tri Astuti  , Setiawan Gesha Agus
Published: April 2020

Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes in the form of damage to the retina of the eye. High levels of glucose in the blood are the cause of small capillary blood vessels to rupture and can cause blindness. The signs of this disease can only be seen using retinal fundus images. To identify diabetic retinopathy, a computerized process and analysis are needed, one of which uses artificial neural network methods to determine its performance so that it will help the doctor in analyzing the disease and diagnosing whether a patient suffering from diabetic retinopathy or not. Texture feature extraction method using Gabor filter can represent feature value information that is skewness, kurtosis, mean, entrophy, and variance to be processed at the identification stage using artificial neural network methods. The comparison results of the DIARETDB0 dataset testing with the total of 130 fundus images using the backpropagation ANN method before randomizing the data yielded an accuracy value of 82.30%, a precision value of 71.28%, a recall value of 82.30%, and an f-measure of 76.39%. Whereas after randomizing the data for 30 times, the results of accuracy value were higher than before randomizing the data, namely the accuracy value of 83.07%, the precision value of 71.39%, the recall value of 83.07% and f-measure value of 76.78%. The tests carried out included in good classification.
Determination of Customer Satisfaction of Tax Service Office Services Using C4.5 and PSO
Authors: Romli Ikhsan , Fairuz Kharida  , Chandra Naya
Published: April 2020

Tax Service Office is a work unit of the Directorate General of Taxation that carries out services in the field of taxation to the public, both registered and unregistered taxpayers, within the working area of the Directorate General of Taxes. The number of Primary Tax Service Offices in Indonesia, one of which is the Primary Tax Service Office in Bekasi, has various ways to increase the satisfaction of taxpayers for the services provided. This study aims to determine the accuracy of taxpayers' satisfaction using data mining techniques using the Decision Tree C4.5 Algorithm with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) feature selection, validation uses cross validation techniques while accuracy is measured by the confussion matrix, which is to determine the level of service satisfaction conducted by distributing questionnaires to taxpayers in the Primary Tax Service Office in Bekasi as many as 500 questionnaires. The results show the accuracy value of Taxpayers' service satisfaction at the Pratama Tax Service Office using the Decision Tree C4.5 Algorithm with a feature selection of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) of 98,85%, Precission of 98,85% and Recall of 100%.
Secure Electronic Payment Methods for Online Shopping Based on Visual Cryptography
Authors: Yuniati Trihastuti , Kresna A. Iqsyahiro
Published: April 2020

Phishing and identity theft are common threats of online shopping. Phishing is an attempt to steal personal data from legitimate user. In this paper we propose a secure e-payment method using a credit card based on visual cryptography. This method adopts the existing 3D-Secure technology. Visual cryptography is applied in: user-merchant authentication, user-card provider authentication, user-card issuer authorization. It is applied to captcha image generated by merchant during registration using (2, 2) scheme with 2-subpixel expansion, to a text file containing credit card information sent by merchant to the card provider using (2, 2) scheme with pixel replacement, and to quick response code containing one-time-password that is used to authorize the payment transaction using (2, 2) scheme with 4-subpixel expansion. The test results show that out of 100 trials, all of them give 100% true positive. This indicates that the method is able to prevent phishing and identity theft, in sense of authentication, authorization, confidentiality, and integrity are gained. Phishing can be prevented because only legitimate participant who has an image share. Identity theft can be prevented because credit card details are not stored in the merchant’s database. Authorization is more guaranteed because only authenticated user can authorize the payments.
Optimization of K Value in KNN Algorithm for Spam and Ham Email Classification
Authors: Laksono Eko , Basuki Achmad , Bachtiar Fitra
Published: April 2020

There are many cases of email abuse that have the potential to harm others. This email abuse is commonly known as spam, which contains advertisements, phishing scams, and even malware. This study purpose to know the classification of email spam with ham using the KNN method as an effort to reduce the amount of spam. KNN can classify spam or ham in an email by checking it using a different K value approach. The results of the classification evaluation using confusion matrix resulted in the KNN method with a value of K = 1 having the highest accuracy value of 91.4%. From the results of the study, it is known that the optimization of the K value in KNN using frequency distribution clustering can produce high accuracy of 100%, while k-means clustering produces an accuracy of 99%. So based on the results of the existing accuracy values, the frequency distribution clustering and k-means clustering can be used to optimize the K-optimal value of the KNN in the classification of existing spam emails.
Selección fenotípica y características reproductivas de Pinus pseudostrobus var. oaxacana (Mirov) S.G.Harrison
Authors: Aragón-Peralta Rey David , Rodríguez-Ortiz Gerardo , Vargas-Hernández José Jesús , Enríquez-del Valle José Raymundo , Hernández-Hernández Adan , Campos-Angeles Gisela Virginia
Published: April 2020

Pinus pseudostrobus var. oaxacana es un taxon importante en Oaxaca por la calidad de su madera; aunque, también es preferida para la reforestación y plantaciones, pero se desconoce su capacidad para la producción de semilla. Los objetivos de la presente investigación consistieron en evaluar la variación morfológica, conocer las características reproductivas de conos y semillas y su relación con factores ambientales de árboles semilleros de la especie de interés seleccionados en cinco procedencias del estado. Durante noviembre y diciembre de 2017, se recolectaron 1 058 conos de 42 individuos a los que se les midieron variables morfológicas, y determinaron la eficiencia reproductiva e índice de endogamia; los árboles y procedencias se diferenciaron mediante análisis de varianza y pruebas de medias de Duncan. Las características reproductivas se correlacionaron con variables ambientales (sitios de recolecta) y dasométricas de los progenitores. Los datos registrados fueron 51.7±8.0 años de edad, altura de 36.4±4.6 m y diámetro normal de 54.5±8.2 cm. Los valores medios obtenidos por cono fueron: longitud 101.3 mm, diámetro 56 mm, peso seco 97.9 g, 133 escamas, 107 semillas desarrolladas por cono; las semillas desarrolladas por cono pesaron 2.35 g, peso promedio por semilla 0.021 g; eficiencia reproductiva 13.09 mg por gramo de estróbilo; IE = 0.50 (índice de endogamia), que indica un alto nivel de autofecundación; el IE decrece con la altitud y aumenta con la cantidad de recolecta. De las características evaluadas, la eficiencia reproductiva e IE no mostraron diferencias significativas entre poblaciones.
Giro global a la derecha y la relevancia de la antropología
Authors: Lins Ribeiro Gustavo
Published: April 2020

A decrease in the importance of anthropologists’ participation in public debates can be traced to a number of factors, some inherent to the discipline, others not. Triviality, high specialization levels and neglecting issues of broad public interest are problems that must be debated. Additionally, the current resurgence of racist and intolerant discourses points to the possible opening of a “post-multicultural” era in which anthropological knowledge must be re-posited. The internet is another important variable for understanding contemporary anti-intellectualism in that it gives rise to a renewed illusion of transparency that seemingly renders social science useless. Ethnography—with its ability to bring us closer to cultural agents—is a base for anthropologists’ new engagement with their political and public roles.
Imágenes del cuerpo pandillero
Authors: Marcial Rogelio
Published: April 2020

The essay presents the general conditions as well as some of the outcomes of three investigations into violent metro-Guadalajara gangs, undertaken in 2013 and 2016, designed to contextualize identity representations of the gang corps on the part of young adults that belong to these street-level groups. Collaborative dialogue is the point of departure, via group interviews, that jointly construct the main ideas here expressed, notably, questions of masculinity, emblems of power, physical appearance and gang loyalty as accords reached in the shared construction of body concepts and their use within gangs. With an understanding that this phenomenon gives rise to constant dangers and aggressions, gang bodies must always clearly enunciate group membership as well as cultural adscriptions, strength for direct physical confrontations, the capacity to protect one’s own kind and, above all, demonstrate what it is to be a man.
De charla con las imágenes
Authors: Simón Roberta
Published: April 2020

In this video I present conversations with Claudio Oliveira, one of the visitors who came through the UFRGS Social-Sciences course Visual and Image-Based Anthropology students’ exhibition on appreciable ways of living in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Claudio’s images, gaze and conversations are mixed with images from the show. Stories, spaces and time foster circular communication for new resonances among those who see them. I invite you to converse with the images
Roles de género en la cultura totonaca dentro de la producción de café
Authors: Yanes Pérez Maritel , Canto Valdés Luis Roberto
Published: April 2020

The study analyzes gender roles that certain Totonaco-origin men and women who raise coffee in the Zongozotla municipal jurisdiction, in Puebla’s Sierra Norte, take on, as a means of seeing which traditional practices are still being observed as well as to shed light on values and beliefs that have modernized. To reach our goal, we used the participant observation technique and undertook fifteen interviews with Totonaco-speaking women, in the company of their husbands. We interpret the outcomes from a gender-based perspective while respecting indigenous worldviews of all interviewees, women and men alike. We discovered traditional behavior patterns and certain elements that oblige us to re-think gender from first peoples’ perspectives.
Presentación del dossier
Authors: Corona Sarah
Published: April 2020

In this dossier we think about the importance of approaching visual cultures, in plural, to know the multiple constructions of reality that are crystallized in images in different social environments. Today, not only an immense quantity of images invades and represents us, but also digital options and social networks construct in real time the material and symbolic world in which we live.
Nasa Phatamnxûu
Authors: Leguizamón Russi Esteban Mateo , Muñóz Ruiz Alejandra
Published: April 2020

The document’s object is to make plain the historical framework in which, for one, the Aica Colectivo’s audiovisual production for preserving Casorio Indígena indigenous wedding customs developed, at the same time it traces the path of knowledge-consolidation that emerged from indigenous Nasa culture, in an exercise that allows us to hem in cultural distances that currently can be found between Colombia’s other cultures. The work presents an outline-story of the indigenous Nasa Paez nation—a people from an ancient homeland in Tierradentro, Cauca-Colombia, whose native language is Nasaywe. It is community of ongoing resistance that fights to forge its own history by following its ancestors’ footsteps.
Las desigualdades y la re-politización de lo social en América Latina
Authors: Pérez Sáinz Juan Pablo
Published: April 2020

Social issues in Latin America have been de-politicized since the 1980s, the outcome of a conception of scarcity that ordered the prevailing focus on poverty. While questions of power could not be avoided later, due to the importance the inequality problematic had taken on, a perspective that impairs understanding conflict has been imposed. The present text –based on an alternative proposal for taking on inequality in which power and conflict occupy central positions– seeks to re-politicize the social. Two problem-sets are to be considered. The first relates to the dynamics of profound disempowerment that have arisen from a model of globalized accumulation, a pillar of the (neo)liberal order. It has led to a not-insignificant number of secondary sectors being pushed into social marginalization. Despite this, the second problem-set concerns these sectors’ responses in resistance to disempowerment as well as disempowerment’s partial reversal, notably in the form of violence, migration, religiosity and other collective actions. The essay ends with reflections on the pertinence of considering inequality from this perspective as a means of seeing how the social –vis-à-vis the (neo)liberal order– has widely and deeply re-politicized.
Teaching arabic as a foreign language: the importance of cultural awareness
Authors: Grozdanoski Borjan
Published: April 2020

Nowadays, learning foreign languages is envisaged as a priority within any Western curriculum, but most research has been conducted in dominant languages such as English or Spanish. Hence, our goal here is to focus on the teaching of Arabic as a foreign language and highlight the importance culture plays in its learning. Thus, using a comparative method, we have analysed several suwar in the Quran in order to elicit cultural information which can be used when teaching Arabic. Issues such as marriage, divorce, right of inheritance and freedom have been addressed. We also revised the cultural implications and policies in teaching Arabic in relation to diachronic analysis of Medieval Andalusian literature.Therefore, we conclude that teaching Arabic language and literature has to be contextualised and related to economical, socio-political, and especially cultural aspects where the religious rigidness would be overpassed and would help in extoling freedom of literary expression.
Escape room como estrategia metodológica para trabajar la inclusión en 3.º de Educación Primaria
Authors: García-Tudela Pedro Antonio , Solano-Fernández Isabel María , Sánchez-Vera María Del Mar
Published: April 2020

El presente artículo analiza y reflexiona sobre la puesta en práctica de una estrategia sustentada en el Aprendizaje Basado en el Juego (ABJ), concretamente en una habitación de escape educativa (educational escape room) para mejorar el proceso de inclusión del aula intervenida. En este estudio se ha empleado una metodología cualitativa, basada en el uso de un diario de campo y una ficha de registro de información (textual y audiovisual). Para el tratamiento de los datos se ha realizado un análisis de contenido con el software Atlas.ti 8. El proceso de codificación y categorización ha dado como resultado numerosos códigos y citas textuales y audiovisuales distribuidas en dos redes semánticas (básica y compleja). Los resultados alcanzados evidencian que se han conseguido una relativa mejora en cuanto a la relación entre discentes y con ello, el clima de inclusión. Por lo tanto, el uso puntual de esta estrategia metodológica, junto con una técnica de aprendizaje cooperativo (tutoría entre iguales, en este caso) puede brindar diferentes beneficios al proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Por último, se ofrece una visión crítica sobre la implementación de la escape room, y ciertas propuestas para implicaciones futuras.
STRATEGI GURU MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Hapsari Emiliana Ety , Sumantri Muhammad Syarif , Astra I Made
Published: April 2020

Penelitin ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh terhadap hasil belajar IPA kelas IV SD Regina Pacis dalam menggunakan pendekata saintifik, dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 18 orang siswa. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengambilan data adalah tes dan non tes. Pembelajaran saintifik yang sudah diterapkan pada siswa kelas IV B SDS Regina Pacis Jakarta mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA yang semula mendapat nilai rata-rata 66.39 pada prasiklus, meningkat menjadi 71.94 pada siklus I dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 80.83. Sedangkan untuk aktifitas siswa pun juga meningkat setelah diterapkannya pembelajaran saintif hal ini terbukti dari hasil observasi yang mendapatkan hasil rata-rata 74.1 dan meningkat menjadi 77.78. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran saintifik dalam penelitian ini sudah mencapai tujuannya yaitu meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA
PENGARUH MEDIA GAMBAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPA PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Suparman Tarpan , Prawiyogi Anggy Giri , Susanti Reni Endah
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Gugus II Kecamatan Lemahabang, Kabupaten Karawang, dan penelitian di fokuskan pada siswa kelas V Tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh media gambar terhadap hasil belajar IPA. Penelitian ini di latarbelakangi oleh rendahnya hasil belajar siswa terutama pada pelajaran IPA. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah penelitian semu (quasi eksperimen). Dengan Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Populasi yang digunakan adalah SDN yang berada di Gugus II Kecamatan Lemahabang, yang terdiri dari 10 SD dan di fokuskan pada kelas V di Gugus II Kecamatan Lemahabang pada tahun 2018/2019, dengan sampel penelitian kelas V SDN Lemahabang III sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas V SDN Lemahabang V sebagai kelas kontrol. Intrumen tes yang digunakan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar IPA adalah dengan menggunakan tes berbentuk pilihan ganda. Hasil analisis data pada pretest kelas eksperimen nilai yang didapat masih rendah nilai yang diperoleh sebesar 24,00, sedangkan pada kelas kontrol adalah 25,83. Setelah dilakukan treatment pembelajaran menggunakan media gambar, hasil analisis pada posttest kelas eksperimen diperoleh bahwa hasil belajar IPA meningkat dengan rata-rata 73,67, sedangkan pada kelas kontrol diperoleh nilai rata-rata 67,00. Berdasarkan uji t yang dilakukan diperoleh sig (2-tailed) < 0.05 yang artinya terdapat perbedaan terhadap hasil belajar IPA. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pengaruh media gambar terhadap hasil belajar IPA pada siswa kelas V di Sekolah Dasar pada tahun pelajaran 2018/2019.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Membaca Permulaan dengan Menggunakan Cerita Fabel pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Gustiawati Reni , Arief Darnis , Zikri Ahmad
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan proses pengembangan bahan ajar membaca permulaan dan menghasilkan bahan ajar membaca permulaan dengan menggunakan cerita Fabel untuk pendidik kelas II yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian pengembangan berdasarkan model 4D (Define, Design, Develop dan Disseminate). Kevalitan dapat dilhat dari validasi isi, bahasa, penyajian, kegrafikaan dan RPP, keseluruhan 93.10 % dengan kategori sangar valid. Pratikalitas bahan ajar dilihat dari respon pendidik, 98.92 % respon peserta didik 96.15 % sedangkan efektifitas Membaca permulaan persentase 100%.  Dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahan ajar membaca permulaan menggunakan cerita Fabel yang dikembangkan layak digunakan dalam membaca permulaan di kelas II SD.
Pemanfaatan Media Pembelajaran pada Pembelajaran Tematik Terpadu di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Rejeki Rejeki , Adnan M Fachri , Siregar Pariang Sonang
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  pemanfaatan media pembelajaran dalam pembelajaran tematik terpadu di Sekolah Dasar kelas III tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Lokasi penelitian adalah Sekolah Dasar Negeri 009 Kepenuhan Kabupaten Rokan Hulu  Riau. Subyek Penelitian adaah Kepala Sekolah, Wakil Kepala Sekolah, dan Guru kelas III  A dan B Sekolah Dasar Negeri 009 Kepenuhan.Hasil penelitian Pemanfaatan media pembelajaran pada pembelajaran Tematik Terpadu pada kelas III SD Negeri 009 Kepenuhan bila dirancang dengan baik merupakan media pembelajaran yang efektif, dapat memudahkan dan meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran, meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa, mendukung pembelajaran individual sesuai kemampuan siswa, dan dapat digunakan sebagai penyampaian pesan langsung. Kegunaan dan peran media pembelajaran memperjelas penyajian pesan agar tidak terlalu bersifat verbalistis, mengatasi keterbatasan ruang, waktu dan daya indera. Faktor pendukung  m media pembelajaran sudah banyak di sediakan oleh sekolah dan siswa. Dengan adanya media pembelajaran siswa sangat tertarik untuk belajar, dengan kehadiran media membuat siswa  lebih termotivasi untuk belajar karena siswa tidak menerawang dalam belajar.