bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-depth Joint Entity Alignment Based on Textual InformationMulti-depth Joint Entity Alignment Based on Textual Information
Authors: guangsen ji , Yuchen Zhu , Yihan Wang , Yanbo Xu , Mei Li
Published: January 2023

Cross-lingual entity alignment is an important step in knowledge fusion, and its purpose is to determine whether two or more entities from different information sources refer to the same object in the real world. Recently, with the development of representation learning, many neural network-based entity alignment methods have been proposed. Existing embedding-based entity alignment methods embed entities from different information sources into a unified space, and then calculate the similarity between entity vector representations to find similar entities. Although the existing neural network-based methods have shown good performance on some public datasets, they also inherit some problems of neural networks, such as inexplicability and high model complexity, and most models are not suitable for the structural isomorphism of similar entity pairs is relatively high, which greatly limits the scalability of the model. Based on this, we propose our model on how to reduce the requirement for isomorphism—Multi-Depth Joint Entity Alignment Based on Text Information (MDJEA), which utilizes the name information and attribute information of entities, and simultaneously transforms the entity alignment problem into the allocation problem, which greatly improves the interpretability and robustness of the model, and can achieve alignment without training data. At the same time, we also combine the multi-depth information of the entity and combine the structural information at different depths to improve the alignment result. Experiments show that our method outperforms existing models by 2.7%-3.5% on each dataset.
Financial Inclusion of Vulnerable Sectors with a Gender Perspective: Risk Analysis Model with Artificial Intelligence Based on Complex Thinking
Authors: Vidal Adriana Medina , Alonso-Galicia Patricia Esther , González-Mendoza Miguel , Ramírez-Montoya María Soledad
Published: January 2023

The objective is to present a proposal for a gender-sensitive risk analysis model using artificial intelligence (AI) within the framework of complex thinking, specifically for impoverished and vulnerable women. This international non-parametric study analyzed business and entrepreneurial activity in a sample of 2,787 women. The methodological design included data analysis, the postulation of a proposed model, and a validation method for the credit risk analysis model. There is a correlation between the level of schooling of impoverished and vulnerable women with the possibility of self-employment and selling a product or service. In the framework of complex thinking, the perception of innovative thinking is related to the level of education and innovative decision-making in professional projects. Women with a higher level of schooling tend to think about their professional projects systematically. Promoting complex thinking involves innovative educational practices to encourage critical, systemic, scientific, and innovative thinking in entrepreneurship and sustainable development. Integrating reasoning for complexity benefits women and contributes to economic and social growth in vulnerable regions. In contrast to other models, our credit risk analysis model uses AI and variables for gender, vulnerability, and complex thinking to detect patterns in women's behaviors and attitudes in the venture start-up process.
Proteomics of long-term neurodevelopmental disorders of rats exposed to early pain stimulation in the neonatal period
Authors: Xu Jing , lv shuai , Zuo Yu , Feng Chunyang , Li Dong
Published: January 2023

Objective
To screen the feasibility and value of quantitative proteomic tandem mass spectrometry labeling (TMT) technology for early pain stimulation leading to neurodevelopmental disorders during puberty in neonatal rats.
Methods
The rats were randomly divided into two groups at postnatal day one (P1), and the skin was pricked for seven consecutive days in the experimental group; the control group was stroked simultaneously. A Morris water maze experiment was performed at P45 and P48. The rats were sacrificed at P50, and the proteins extracted from the hippocampal tissues were analyzed by TMT quantitative proteomics. The differentially expressed proteins were identified as biologically relevant proteins after pain intervention.
Results
The Morris water maze experiment suggested that the experimental group of rats had a significantly longer escape latency at P45 and P48 than the control group (P<0.05). At P49, Rats in the experimental group crossed the traversing platform less often than the control group within 60 s. Hippocampal tissue proteomics analysis showed than 33 proteins were upregulated, and 37 were downregulated. The differentially expressed proteins were enriched in different GO subsets, the most significant of which were sucrose metabolic process, response to stilbenoid maltose metabolic process, disaccharide metabolic process, circulating immunoglobulin complex, haptoglobin-hemoglobin complex, hemoglobin complex, replisome, purine-rich negative regulatory element binding, biliverdin reductase activity, alpha-1,4-glucosidase activity, and retinal dehydrogenase activity. KEGG enrichment analysis was most significant for starch and sucrose metabolism, galactose metabolism, antigen processing and presentation, and TGF-beta signaling. The core proteins were identified by constructing protein interaction networks. Four essential differentially expressed proteins were screened, including microtubule-associated serine-/threonine-protein kinase, carbonic anhydrase 3, F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 4, and NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 4L.
Conclusions
TMT-labeled proteomics identified energy metabolic processes, developmental processes, cellular processes, bioregulation, and signaling as the main targets of distant neurodevelopmental disorders caused by painful stimulation. Microtubule-associated serine/threonine-protein kinase, carbonic anhydrase 3, F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 4, and NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 4L may be involved in the cognitive impairment of adolescence caused by early pain stimulation in neonatal rats.
Association of Fusobacterium nucleatum in human saliva with periodontal status and composition of the salivary microbiome including periodontopathogens
Authors: Akase Takanori , Inubushi Junya , Hayashi-Okada Yoshiko , Shimizu Yasumitsu
Published: January 2023

Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes dental biofilm formation, increases the prevalence of periodontal disease, and is associated with systemic diseases such as colorectal cancer. However, the relationships of F. nucleatum in saliva with periodontal status and the composition of the salivary microbiome are unclear. Therefore, we analyzed these relationships in saliva samples collected from 611 subjects in Japan. Salivary DNA was extracted and the oral microbiome was analyzed using next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA. The relationship between F. nucleatum and the community periodontal index was evaluated to examine effects on periodontal status, and α- and β-diversity were analyzed in three groups classified by relative abundance of F. nucleatum. Spearman rank correlation tests were used to examine relationships between the relative abundance of F. nucleatum and oral bacteria. Subjects with high levels of F. nucleatum had a higher prevalence of periodontitis compared with those with lower levels. β-diversity also differed between these two groups. F. nucleatum showed significant correlations with several periodontopathogens, including the red complex, P. intermedia, F. alocis and Fretibacterium ssp.. These results suggest that the relative abundance of F. nucleatum in saliva is associated with periodontal status and the composition of the salivary microbiome, including the red complex and periodontopathogens.
Verification of the therapeutic effects and neural mechanism of Bushen Zhuangjin Decoction in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Tan Xue , Zheng Danhao , Lin Qing , Wang Lili , Zhu Zaishi , Huang Yanfeng , Zeng Yihui , Mao Min , Yi Zhouping , Liu Linglong , Ma Dezun , Wang Jie , Li Xihai
Published: January 2023

Chronic pain is the principal clinical manifestation of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and an essential indicator of the diagnosis and treatment effect. Changes in brain functional activity are related with chronic pain in KOA. Bushen Zhuangjin Decoction (BZD) has been proved to reduce inflammation of arthritis, improve cartilage degeneration and analgesia, but whether it plays a role through the change of brain function activity is not clear. Here, three experiments were performed: (1) network pharmacology evaluation to discover the potential targets of BZD to relieve pain in KOA; (2) verification of the therapeutic effects of BZD treatment on KOA pain with histomorphology, behavioral assessments, suspension chip analysis, and ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) assays; and (3) functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore the effects of BZD treatment on brain function associated to KOA. The analgesic effect of BZD on KOA was found to be related to the neurotransmitters of pain signals through network pharmacology and the therapeutic effect of BZD on KOA pain was verified in vivo, and related to neuropeptides and neurotransmitters. Functional magnetic resonance imaging showed that BZD treatment could reverse the regional homogeneity/amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation analysis in pain-related brain regions of KOA, suggesting that the analgesic mechanism of BZD is related to neural regulation. This study confirmed the key position of pain-related neuromodulation mechanisms in the analgesic therapy of BZD and provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of KOA pain with BZD as a traditional Chinese medical.
A Case Report of Successful Treatment of Severe Immunotherapy-related Hepatitis in a Patient with advanced Lung Squamous-cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Haojie , Hou Anji , Liu Qing , Ai Luoyan , Zhan Mengna , Wu Jing , Wang Yan , Liu Tianshu
Published: January 2023

In the last decade, the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) has significantly improved prognosis of patients with advanced malignant tumors (1). But immunotherapy-related adverse events (irAEs) were observed more often in the process of treatment(2). Immunotherapy-related adverse events may impair many organs, including endocrine system, skin, heart, lung, and liver. Though infrequent, irAEs may induce severe outcomes and influence subsequent therapy of cancer. Immunotherapy-related hepatitis (IRH) is one of the major irAEs. Reported incidence of IRH varies from 0.7–16%(3). Immunosuppressants are often considered when glucocorticoid does not respond well in treatment of IRH. There were reports of effective use of mycophenolate mofetil(4) and tacrolimus(5)in treatment of IRH. Infliximab is contraindicated for the treatment of IRH due to the risk of inducing further liver damage(6–8). However, benefits of these agents are uncertain when satisfactory effect of sufficient steroid was not seen. Reason may lie in complex situation of steroid resistant IRH. In this article, we reported a patient with lung squamous cell carcinoma who developed severe IRH after one cycle of PD-1 inhibitor. After comprehensive treatment of glucocorticoid, tofacitinib, artificial liver support system and other supportive treatments, the patient's liver function returned to normal.
The role of the absence of Hyrtl’s anastomosis in monochorionic pregnancy: friend or foe?
Authors: Ziling Liu , Jie Ruan
Published: January 2023

Background: Hyrtl’s anastomosis, an intra-arterial shunt, plays a protective role when the placental territories supplied by the umbilical arteries are different in size. Its absence is associated with an increased risk of poor outcomes in singleton pregnancy. However, the literature and studies on the effect of absent Hyrtl’s anastomosis in twin placentas are rare.
Case Presentation: We present a case of a monochorionic diamniotic(MCDA) twin pregnancy complicated with type I selective fetal growth restriction(SFGR). Despite discordance in placental territory and cord insertion sites, the patient had an overall good pregnancy process, suggesting that the absence of Hyrtl’s anastomosis may have played a benign role.
Conclusions: The absence of Hyrtl’s anastomosis in our case seemed to show a favorable effect, representing a finding of opposite effects in monochorionic placentas compared with singleton placentas.
Correlation between fatty liver index and estimated glomerular filtration rate in an elderly population in Yangzhou, China
Authors: Yong Jiacheng , liang lanyu , zhu fei , liu han , jiang rongli , liu chengyin , li li , lu guotao , yu xiaoping , jiao xiuping , shan Qing
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between fatty liver index (FLI) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
METHODS: We analyzed the correlation between fatty liver index (FLI) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in a cohort of elderly people who underwent physical examination at the Medical Examination Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University from 01/01/2020 to 12/31/2020, collected relevant data, and calculated the fatty liver index and estimated glomerular filtration rate.
RESULTS: A total of 7879 individuals were included in the analysis, and the results suggested that the probability of abnormal estimated glomerular filtration rate increased in the FLI≥30 group compared to the FLI<30 group, with abnormal estimated glomerular filtration rate of 66.37% and 62.19% in the two groups, respectively (P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the probability of abnormal estimated glomerular filtration rate increased by 0.7% for every 1 increase in FLI (OR=1.007, 95% CI 1.005-1.010, P<0.001).
CONCLUSION: Elevated FLI is associated with an increased risk of abnormalities in their estimated glomerular filtration rate in an elderly population in Yangzhou.
‘I was eager to do anything I could to improve the situation’: A qualitative study of patients’ experiences and views of prehabilitation for ovarian cancer surgery
Authors: Saggu Rhia Kaur , Shaw Clare , Hughes Cathy , Lagergren Pernilla , Butler John , McGregor Alison H , Ghaem-Maghami Sadaf , Wells Mary
Published: January 2023

Background: Prehabilitation has shown promise in improving post-operative outcomes for several solid tumour groups. However, prehabilitation programmes are not widely established. Patients with advanced ovarian cancer experience life changing debulking surgery and could benefit from prehabilitation. This study aims to explore the views, experiences, facilitators and barriers surrounding prehabilitation in a demographically diverse cohort of advanced ovarian cancer patients. This would help to inform an acceptable patient-centred working programme model for a diverse group of patients.
Methods: Purposive, maximum variation sampling was used to recruit a diverse sample of women, due to undergo or following primary debulking surgery for advanced ovarian cancer, from two cancer centres in London. Semi-structured interviews were either conducted face to face or by telephone. All recordings were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis.
Results: Twenty-one participants were interviewed. Twelve were prehabilitation ‘naïve’ and nine had participated in the Marsden Integrated Lifestyle and Exercise programme (MILE). The age range was 46-76 years and 8/21 participants were of Black, Asian or Mixed heritage. Factors influencing engagement with prehabilitation can be categorised under four major emerging themes (1) Mindset (2) Actual preparation (3) Support system (4) Delivery of prehabilitation.
Discussion/Conclusion: Patients with ovarian cancer welcome the concept of prehabilitation, however a blanket approach is not suitable to meet the needs of a demographically diverse cohort. The components of prehabilitation must be tailored to individual needs, with attention to existing mindset and support systems, building on preparations that women are already making for surgery and offering flexible delivery options.
Research on visualization of concrete crack depth detection based on tracer electromagnetic method
Authors: Wang Yulei , Tang Lei , Zhang Shenghang , Jia Yu , Tian Hui , Liang Jiahui
Published: January 2023

The invisibility of concrete cracks due to their expansion to the inside has resulted in no effective crack depth detection technology to date. The traditional concrete crack depth detection methods have the problems of insufficient accuracy and low detection efficiency. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a new concrete crack depth detection method based on the combination of tracer and hand-held radar. The method uses tracer diffusion to the bottom of the crack propagation, and then maps the location of the air-tracer interface by radar waves, thus visualizing the crack depth information. This paper elaborates the detection principle of this new method, conducts numerical analysis and simulation to verify the feasibility, makes standard concrete crack specimen, carries out relevant experimental studies, selects distilled water and saturated NaCl solution as tracer to verify the feasibility of the method, and compares and analyzes the detection effect of these two tracers by comparing the experimental test data with the actual depth of the specimen.
Efficient hip joint distraction using the AO large femoral distractor in treating acetabular fractures associated with marginal impaction and intraarticular incarcerated fragments
Authors: Badran Mahmoud , Khalifa Ahmed A. , Fergany Ali , Ibrahim Bahaaeldin , Moustafa Mohamed , Adem Ephrem , Gilyen Botond , Farouk Osama
Published: January 2023

Purpose
The results after acetabular fracture are primarily related to the quality of articular reduction. Using the AO large femoral distractor, incarcerated fragments can be easily removed, and elevation of marginally impacted fragments can be done under direct visualization without further re-dislocating the joint. The current study aimed to evaluate our early results of using the AO large femoral distractor as an assisting tool during ORIF of acetabular fractures associated with marginal impaction or intraarticular incarcerated fragments.
Methods
Eighteen patients were included in this retrospective case series study diagnosed with an acetabular fracture associated with either marginal impaction injury or an intraarticular incarcerated fragment. On a usual operative table, all patients were operated upon in a prone position through the Kocher Langenbeck approach. The AO large femoral distractor was used to facilitate hip joint distraction. Postoperative fracture reduction and joint clearance were assessed in the immediate postoperative CT scans.
Results
The average age of the patients was 30 ± 8.2 years; 13 (72.2%) were males. All cases had a posterior wall fracture, and it was associated with transverse fractures, posterior column fractures, and T-type fractures in five (27.8%), two (11.1%), and one (5.6%) patients, respectively. Intraarticular incarcerated fragments were present in 13 (72.2%) cases and marginal impaction in five (27.8%). Fracture reduction measured on the postoperative CT scans showed an anatomical reduction in 14 (77.8%) patients, imperfect in four (22.2%), and complete clearance of the hip joint of any incarcerated fragments.
Conclusion
The use of the AO large femoral distractor is a reliable and reproducible technique that can be applied to assist removal of incarcerated intraarticular fragments and to ease the reduction of marginally impacted injuries associated with acetabular fractures
The NLRP3 molecule influences the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells through reprogramming energy metabolism
Authors: Chen Jingrou , Xie Shujuan , Qiu Dongbo , Xie Maosheng , Wu Mengye , Li Xiaoping , Zhang Xiaoran , Wu Qili , Xiong Yi , Wu Changyou , Ren Jie , Peng Yanwen
Published: January 2023

Background
Numerous studies have demonstrated that NLRP3 is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been highlighted as new candidates for treating IBD based on their immunomodulatory properties, including regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. However, the role of NLRP3 in shaping the immunoregulatory function of MSCs remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that NLRP3 influences the therapeutic effect of MSCs on colitis in an inflammasome-independent manner.
Methods
MSCs were isolated from the femurs of male C57/B6 mice or Nlrp3 KO mice, identified by osteogenic adipogenic differentiation assay and flow cytometry. In vitro, WT and Nlrp3 KO MSCs were treated with LPS, then the supernatant was collected; WT MSCs were stimulated with different concentrations of NLRP3-specific inhibitor MCC950, and the level of IL-10 was detected in the supernatant; Detect gene expression levels by RNA sequencing; Use Seahorse to detect cellular oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and glycolysis levels; The expression of glucose transporter 1 (Glut1) in MSCs was detected by Western blot; WT MSCs were stimulated with different concentrations of Glut1 inhibitor BAY876, and the level of IL-10 was detected. In vivo, DSS-induced colitis was treated with WT or Nlrp3 KO MSCs, body weight changes were monitored daily, measure colon length and collect colons for further evaluation; Then DSS-induced colitis was treated with pretreated MSCs, such as BAY876 pretreated WT MSCs or Glut1-overexpressed Nlrp3 KO MSCs (OE-Glut1), then the experimental operation is as above.
Results
Nlrp3 knockout did not alter MSC phenotypes, but promoted osteogenic differentiation. Further investigation indicated that deletion of Nlrp3reduced the production of the IL-10 in MSCs, leading to an impaired protective effect on DSS-induced colitis. Mechanistically, the deficiency of Nlrp3 downregulated Glut1 expression and glycolysis activation in MSCs, which reduced IL-10 production. Subsequently, overexpressing Glut1 in Nlrp3 KO MSCs recovered their therapeutic effect dampened due to Nlrp3 deletion.
Conclusions
These results improve the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effectiveness of MSCs and provide a basis for optimizing MSC-based therapeutic strategies for immune-mediated diseases.
Enzymatic and biochemical responses to high temperatures and drought stress during the reproductive stage in lentil (Lens Culinaris Medik.)
Authors: Haddad Noureddine El , En-nahli Youness , Choukri Hasnae , Aloui Khawla , Mentag Rachid , El-Baouchi Adil , Hejjaoui Kamal , Karthika Rajendran , Smouni Abdelaziz , Maalouf Fouad , Kumar Shiv
Published: January 2023

Increasing temperatures and drought stress are two major factors limiting lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) productivity, particularly during reproductive stage. The current research aimed to determine the response of lentil genotypes with varying heat and drought sensitivity. For this purpose, twelve genotypes were evaluated under high temperature stress (> 32°C), while seven genotypes were investigated under drought stress conditions during the reproductive stage (75% field capacity). Under stress conditions, the results revealed significant variation in enzymatic responses between tolerant and susceptible genotypes. Under high temperature and drought stress, tolerant genotypes accumulated higher concentrations of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), whereas susceptible genotypes had low enzymatic responses. Proline content (PC) increased significantly with high temperature and drought stress in tolerant genotypes, but not in susceptible genotypes. Because of high temperature and drought stress, the concentrations of total antioxidant activity (TAA), total phenolic content (TPC), tannins (TC), and total flavonoids (TFC) increased significantly in tolerant genotypes compared to susceptible genotypes. Furthermore, when tolerant genotypes were stressed, there were significant increases in total soluble sugars (TSS) and reducing sugars (RS) compared to normal conditions. Our results indicated that SOD had significant positive correlation with TAA, TC, PC and RS under high temperature, while it was correlated with CAT, TC, TAA under drought conditions. Highly significant correlation was also observed between CAT and AOP under both stressed conditions. Tolerant genotypes that responded better to high temperature and drought stress may be able to maintain physiological processes and generate high yield potential.
The Effects of Cetuximab and Cisplatin Anti-Cancer Drugs on the Mechanical Properties of the Breast Cancerous Cells Using Atomic Force Microscope
Authors: Rezaei Iraj , Sadeghi Ali
Published: January 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Neutrophil elastase as a potential biomarker related to the prognosis of gastric cancer and immune cell infiltration in the tumor immune microenvironment
Authors: Jia Wangqiang , Luo Qianwen , Wu Jiang , Shi Yuanchao , Guan Quanlin
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Exploring biomarkers interrelated the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) provides novel ideas for predicting the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) and developing new treatment strategies.
Methods: We analyzed the differential gene expression levels between the high and low StromalScore and ImmuneScore groups. Neutrophil elastase (ELANE) was evaluated as a potential biomarker by conducting intersection analysis of the protein-protein interaction network (PPI) and univariate Cox regression analysis. Its prognostic value was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival curves and multivariate Cox regression analysis and its potential biological molecular mechanism was examined by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). We applied the CIBERSORT computing method to analyze the relationship between ELANE and tumor immune-infiltrating cells (TIICs).
Results: K-M survival curve showed that higher ELANE expression was closely related to shorter overall survival. The Cox regression analysis indicated that the high expression of ELANE was an independent prognostic risk factor in patients with GC. The GSEA revealed that genes in the ELANE high-expression group were involved in the signaling pathways regulating immune response; genes in the ELANE low-expression group were involved in the signaling pathways that regulate metabolism. ELANE might be participate in the change of TME from immunodominant to metabolically dominant and its expression was closely related to tumor mutation burden and multiple TIICs.
Conclusion: ELANE is a potential biomarker for predicting the GC patients’ survival and prognosis. It influences the tumor immune cell infiltration in the TME, and affects the TME to maintain their immune status.
Geochemical signals of high-temperature fluid–rock interactions in a mélange unit, Japan: Implications for geochemical reactions along major subduction-related faults
Authors: Shimamoto Ayana , Ishikawa Tsuyoshi , Hirono Tetsuro
Published: January 2023

To understand the slip behavior and characteristics of major faults within subduction-related mélange units, we performed microscopic observations and mineralogical and chemical analyses of a primary slip zone and its surrounding host rocks in the Hidakagawa Group of the Shimanto accretionary complex, Kii Peninsula, Japan. The primary slip zone is characterized by the development of composite planar fabrics such as R1 shear planes and abundant sub-micrometer-sized albite particles. Concentrations of fluid-mobile elements such as Sr, Rb, and Cs in the slip zone were anomalous compared to those in the host rocks. Geochemical modeling suggests that fluid–rock interactions in the slip zone occurred at 250–300°C and were accompanied by albitization. The presence of such high-temperature fluids in slip zones could drastically weaken faults through thermal pressurization, perhaps promoting the occurrence of tsunamigenic earthquakes.
Mesenchymal stem cells reduced the extracellular mitochondrial DNA-mediated TLR9 activation in neonatal hyperoxia-induced lung injury
Authors: Kim Young Eun , Ahn So Yoon , Sung Se In , Yang Misun , Sung Dong Kyung , Park Won Soon , Chang Yun Sil
Published: January 2023

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) released from the dead or injured cells can activate inflammation and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation can reduce inflammatory injury. However, it has not been tested whether the release of mtDNA can be reduced by MSC transplantation. We hypothesized that level of extracellular mtDNA would be increased after hyperoxia-induced lung injury but reduced after lung injury attenuation by MSC therapy in our newborn rat model. In an in-vitro study using a rat lung epithelial L2 cell line, we found that the level of extracellular mtDNA was significantly increased with H2O2-induced cell death, but was reduced after MSC co-incubation. In an in-vivo study, we confirmed that the levels of cell death, extracellular mtDNA, and inflammatory cytokines were significantly increased in hyperoxic newborn rat lungs, but reduced after MSC transplantation. The levels of extracellular mtDNA were significantly positively correlated with the levels of the inflammatory cytokines. The TLR9/MyD88/NFκB pathway, which is activated by binding with mtDNA, was also significantly up-regulated but down-regulated after MSC transplantation. In intubated neonates, we found a significant positive correlation between inflammatory cytokines and extracellular mtDNA. The levels of inflammatory cytokines and extracellular mtDNA changed over time in a similar pattern in transtracheal aspirate samples from intubated neonates. In conclusion, increased levels of extracellular mtDNA were associated with increased inflammation in hyperoxia-induced lung injury, and attenuated lung inflammation by MSC therapy was associated with reduced levels of extracellular mtDNA.
Characteristics of patients with COVID-19 who have deteriorating chest X-ray findings within 48 hours: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kusumoto Tatsuya , Chubachi Shotaro , Namkoong Ho , Tanaka Hiromu , Lee Ho , Otake Shiro , Nakagawara Kensuke , Fukushima Takahiro , Morita Atsuho , Watase Mayuko , Asakura Takanori , Masaki Katunori , Kamata Hirofumi , Ishii Makoto , Hasegawa Naoki , Harada Norihiro , Ueda Tetsuya , Ueda Soichiro , Ishiguro Takashi , Arimura Ken , Saito Fukuki , Yoshiyama Takashi , Nakano Yasushi , Mutoh Yoshikazu , Suzuki Yusuke , Edahiro Ryuya , Murakami Koji , Sato Yasunori , Okada Yukinori , Koike Ryuji , Kitagawa Yuko , Tokunaga Katsushi , Kimura Akinori , Imoto Seiya , Miyano Satoru , Ogawa Seishi , Kanai Takanori , Fukunaga Koichi
Published: January 2023

Background
The severity of chest X-ray (CXR) findings is a prognostic factor in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the prognostic impact of deterioration of CXR findings and the clinical characteristics of patients with worsening CXR findings remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics, as well as the prognosis, of patients with worsening CXR findings during early hospitalisation.
Methods
We retrospectively included 1656 consecutive Japanese patients with COVID-19 recruited through the Japan COVID-19 Task Force. Rapid deterioration of CXR findings was defined as increased pulmonary infiltrates in ≥ 50% of the lung fields within 48 h of admission.
Results
Rapid deterioration of CXR findings was an independent risk factor for death, most severe illness, tracheal intubation, and intensive care unit admission. The presence of consolidation on CXR, comorbid cardiovascular and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases; high body temperature (≥ 37.7°C); and increased levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase (≥ 30 IU/L), potassium (≥ 4.3 mEq/L), and C-reactive protein (≥ 2.53 mg/dL) were independent risk factors for rapid deterioration of CXR findings. The risk variant at the ABO locus (rs529565-C) was associated with rapid deterioration of CXR findings in all patients with COVID-19. Further, the population-specific risk variant at the DOCK2 locus (rs60200309-A) was nominally associated with rapid deterioration of CXR findings in patients aged < 65 years.
Conclusions
This study revealed the clinical features, genetic features, and risk factors for rapid deterioration of CXR findings in patients with COVID-19. Rapid deterioration of CXR findings is a poor prognostic factor for patients with COVID-19.
CFD Analysis of Different edge shape of RCC Chimney using M25 Grade of Concrete
Authors: pandey Swati , Verma Priyanka , agrawal Gaurav kumar
Published: January 2023

The purpose of chimney is to vent hot flue gases from furnaces/boilers. The structure is vertical and mostly of circular or rectangular shape. The objective of current research to investigate the wind load effect on chimney using Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) studies. The FSI investigation is conducted on chimney using ANSYS simulation package. The induced pressure, drag force and velocity fields are evaluated across the chimney with different shapes i.e., sharp edged, chamfered, and filleted edged shapes. The FSI study is conducted on chimney with M25 concrete material. The drag force values are obtained for each design and minimum drag force is obtained for filleted design of chimney. The drag force induced on filleted chimney is 3.33 times lower than generic design. The drag force induced on chamfered chimney is 16.39% lower than generic design The lowest induced pressure is observed on filleted chimney and highest induced pressure is observed on generic design.
Resource Allocation Methods in Vanets:a Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Trombly Andrew , Alsmadi Izzat
Published: January 2023

Autonomous vehicles take on a more prominent part of our every day life activities. As the number of vehicles grows so does the need for resources to ensure safe and consistent operations of these vehicles. Today's networks and power grid are already used heavily just supplying resources for our day to day lives and leisure. The continuous increase in demand for such resources drives the need for more advanced resource management tools and techniques and more precise resource allocation schemes. This paper is a systematic literature review on the current methods and research trends for resource allocation in vehicular networks. The purpose of this review is to understand current research trends and motivations. Our hope is to provide a comparative analysis of resource allocation solutions, research trends and also challenges in vehicular networks.
Randomized Double-blind Placebo-controlled Study of Salivary Substitute With Enzimatic System for Xerostomia in Patient Irradiated in Head and Neck Region
Authors: Porangaba Leticia Pacheco , Garcia Flavio de Melo , Rabelo Ana Paula Alvarenga Antonio , Andrade Amanda Puche , Alves Fabio de Abreu , Pellizzon Antonio Cassio Assis , Jaguar Graziella Chagas
Published: January 2023

To compared whether the use of Bioxtra Spray® clinically reduces xerostomia intensity, impacting on the quality of life of patients who received radiotherapy in the head and neck region. A total of 40 patients were allocated in: Bioxtra Spray® group (n = 21) and Placebo arm (n = 19). Patients used both products three times a day for 30 days. For the analysis, xerostomia grade, unstimulated (UWS) and stimulated (SWS) salivary flow rate and quality of life through the University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire, validated in Portuguese (UW-QoL) were performed in two phases: Phase 1 (before the use of both products); Phase 2 (after 30 days of using both products). All clinical data were collected from medical records. Regarding salivary flow rate, it was observed that after 30 days of use, the Bioxtra Spray® group showed UWS and SWS significantly when compared to the Placebo arm (p < 0.05). Analyzing the Bioxtra Spray® Group, they showed improvement in xerostomia complaints compared to 30 days after using the product. Dispite this, we did not observed statistical differences (p > 0.05).Regarding quality of life, no significant differences were observed in relation to the UW-QoL saliva domain between the groups in the two phases of the study (p > 0.05). We concluded that Bioxtra Spray® may be effective in reducing radio-induced xerostomia symptoms. However, further research is necessary to evaluate the efficacy of BioXtra on oral health.
Trial registration number: RBR-9sdf3k
Date of trial registration submission: 10th June 2019
The Relationship between Severity of Periodontitis and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Status in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarctions: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Arai Riku , Fujiwara Yuusuke , Nakajima Yuki , Takahashi Kurara , Mizobuchi Saki , Migita Shohei , Miyagawa Masatsugu , Tanaka Yudai , Koyama Yutaka , Fujito Hidesato , Fukumoto Katsunori , Takei Norio , Kojima Keisuke , Murata Nobuhiro , Iida Korehito , Kitano Daisuke , Fukamachi Daisuke , Kitano Hisataka , Okumura Yasuo
Published: January 2023

Although the association between periodontitis (PD) and acute myocardial infarctions (AMIs) is known, it is unclear whether the severity of the PD is associated with the atherosclerotic cardiovascular status (ASCVS) degree in patients with AMIs. We prospectively investigated 50 patients with AMIs admitted to the Nihon University Itabashi Hospital from July 2019 to May 2022. All patients were classified according to the presence and severity of the PD. The periodontal status was defined by radiographic bone loss in accordance with previous studies (healthy; ≥80% remaining bone [RB], mild-moderate PD; 66 ≤ RB < 80%, and severe PD; RB < 66%), and the degree of the ASCVS was compared. The low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratio significantly increased from healthy to mild-moderate PD to severe PD. The SYNTAX score was numerically higher according to the severity of the PD. The carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) (p = 0.025) and E/e’ value (p = 0.009) were highest in the severe PD group. The cIMT and E/e’ had a significant negative correlation with the PD (Person’s correlation coefficients; r=-0.296, p = 0.037, and r=-0.411, p = 0.003, respectively). We found that the severity of the PD was associated with carotid atherosclerosis and cardiac diastolic dysfunction in AMI patients, suggesting the importance of scrutinizing PD in AMI practice.
Factors affecting upper limb function recovery after mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction: a STROBE study
Authors: Kim Asall , Beom Jaewon , Yang Eun Joo , Choi Woochol Joseph , Ji Myungki , Yi Chunghwi
Published: January 2023

Purpose
With improvements in surgical techniques, the number of immediate breast reconstructions (IBRs) after mastectomy is increasing. Based on reports regarding postoperative shoulder function, scapular alignment and strength recovery have been confirmed, while movement accuracy has deteriorated. As this might induce residual shoulder discomfort, proper rehabilitation may manage the situation. Along with the recommendation for early rehabilitation after breast cancer surgery, this study was designed to identify the relationship between shoulder function and acute postoperative breast cancer survivors (BrCS) after IBR.
Methods
In this prospective observational study, subjective and objective functions of 67 BrCS were observed over 4 months. Hierarchical regression and correlation studies were conducted to reveal the relationship between functional improvement.
Results
The improvement of the QuickDASH score was significantly explained by the improvement of six shoulder functions after adjusting for covariates (R2 = 0.21, p = 0.01). Among the variables, the change in range of motion and neuropathic pain was statistically significant (p < 0.03). The BrCS with chemotherapy group showed deterioration of subjective shoulder function, compared with the BrCS without chemotherapy group (t = 2.97, p = 0.004). This might be owing to the difference in neuropathic pain score changes between the two groups. There was no major difference in functional improvement between the two IBR options.
Conclusion
Regular exercise focused on pectoral tightness may be effective in improving general shoulder flexibility. Given that neuropathic pain did not change, specific interventions may be required. In addition, rehabilitation should be differentiated based on the chemotherapy plan.
Green Synthesis of GO-MgO Nanocomposite using papaya leaf extract and Its utilization in removing Cr(VI) ions from aqueous media
Authors: Girish Krishna , J Sosamony K
Published: January 2023

Green synthesis of nanoparticles is an emerging research topic in green nanotechnology because it is nontoxic, environmentally friendly, and less expensive than physical and chemical approaches for nanomaterial production. Graphene oxide has been proved to be a viable adsorbent material to remove heavy metals due to its large surface area and many oxygen-containing groups. Magnesium oxide nanoparticles are biocompatible and exhibit excellent stability under harsh conditions. In this study, GO decorated MgO nanomaterial (GO-MgO) was created utilising a plant-mediated synthetic method with Carica papaya leaf extract & characterization was done with XRD, FTIR, SEM, and EDX analytical techniques. To estimate the Cr(VI) adsorption by GO-MgO, effects of adsorbent dose, pH, contact time, initial concentration, and co-existing anions were investigated. It was compared with GO, MgO and chemically synthesized GO-MgO to determine the best sorbent. Reusability of the green synthesized GO-MgO was studied. Maximum adsorption efficiency occurred at pH = 4 and a contact time of 60 minutes. Maximum adsorption capacity for green synthesised GO-MgO was 178.57 mg/g which is more than another adsorbent. Adsorption process followed the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The Cr adsorbed GO-MgO can reused successfully up to 5 consecutive cycles.
ATAT1 Deficiency Enhances Microglia/Macrophage Mediated Erythrophagocytosis and Hematoma Absorption following Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Yihua Zhang , Huang Ping , Cao Min , Chen Yi , Zhao Xinhu , He Xuzhi , Xu Lunshan
Published: January 2023

Microglia and macrophage mediated erythrophagocytosis plays a crucial role in hematoma clearance after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Dynamic cytoskeletal changes accompany phagocytosis; however, whether and how they are associated with microglia/macrophages mediated erythrophagocytosis remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the dynamics of microtubule cytoskeleton in microglia/macrophage erythrophagocytosis after ICH both in vitro and in vivo. We first assessed the function of acetylated α-tubulin (Ac α-tub), a stabilized microtubule form, in erythrophagocytosis in primary DiO GFP-labeled red blood cells (RBCs) co-cultured with microglia cell line BV2 or macrophage cell line RAW264.7. Intriguingly, the expression of Ac α-tub was significantly decreased in BV2 and RAW264.7 cells with erythrophagocytosis. Moreover, silencing ATAT1, a newly discovered α-tubulin acetyltransferase, decreased ATAT1 levels and enhanced the erythrophagocytosis by BV2 and RAW264.7 cells. Consistently, in ATAT1−/− mice, we observed increased Iba-1 and perls positive microglia/macrophage phagocytes of RBCs in peri-hematoma and reduced hematoma volume in mice with ICH. Additionally, knocking out ATAT1 alleviated neuronal apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines around hematoma, and ultimately improved neurological recovery of after ICH. In conclusion, ATAT1 deficiency accelerates erythrophagocytosis by microglia/macrophage and hematoma absorption after ICH. These results provided novel insights into the mechanisms of hematoma clearance and the identification of therapeutic target for treating ICH.
Case report: Recurrent arterial thrombosis in a patient with polycythemia vera
Authors: Wen Jiahao , Ren Hualiang , Zhang Wangde , Li Chunmin
Published: January 2023

Background
Arterial thrombosis of the lower extremities is a common emergency in vascular surgery that can easily lead to amputation due to acute limb ischemia if not managed promptly. Arterial thrombosis of lower extremities is often associated with atherosclerosis, but some rare conditions, such as polycythemia vera, can also induce thrombosis. Polycythemia vera is prone to thrombosis because of its special pathological features. In addition, the thrombus sites are common in brain blood vessels and coronary arteries. Conversely, thrombosis occurring in the lower limbs is rare.
Case presentation:
A 44-year-old man with an about 20 years history of hypertension and smoking presented to the emergency department and transferred to department of vascular surgery after low molecular weight heparin administered due to acute thrombosis of lower extremities in May 2019. Laboratory tests revealed that his hemoglobin and hematocrit levels elevated, and a diagnosis of chronic polycythemia was considered. At that time, the patient’s thrombosis was not connected to polycythemia. After discharge, the patient was advised to visit the hematology department for further diagnosis confirmation. However, the patient did not comply. In August 2019, the patient was admitted to the hospital for the second time due to arterial thromboembolism in the left lower limb. After discharge, the patient completed a bone marrow biopsy and genetic testing and was diagnosed with polycythemia vera. Unfortunately, the patient has suffered from arterial thrombosis of lower limbs in September 2019, November 2019, December 2019, and October 2022 because of the non-standard treatment.
Conclusions
It is important to determine the etiology of patients with arterial thrombosis of lower extremities especially recurrent thrombosis as well as pay attention to some rare causes that can induce thrombosis. Standard treatment is vital for patients to prevent recurrent thrombosis when there are some specific etiologies as in our present case.
Modulation of Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall response to ENSO in the recent decades and its large-scale dynamics
Authors: Sharma Tanu , Ratna Satyaban B. , Pai D. S.
Published: January 2023

The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is one of the major drivers of prominent ocean-atmosphere coupled phenomenon over the equatorial Pacific Ocean that strongly modulates the interannual variability of Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR). However, the relationship between ENSO-ISMR has gone through secular variation during different decades. This study comprises a detailed analysis of the changing relationship between the ENSO and ISMR during two recent independent 30-year periods; (i) 1961–1990 and (ii) 1991–2020, using Sea Surface Temperature (SST), rainfall and various atmospheric variables. It was observed that the negative correlation of ENSO with ISMR has significantly weakened during 1991–2020 compared to 1961–1990. It was found that the La Niña associated positive rainfall intensity over central India was reduced during 1991–2020 due to weakening of vertical wind shear as compared to 1961–1990. Similarly, the El Niño associated negative rainfall intensity was reduced over large parts of north and central India during 1991–2020 due to weaker subsidence anomaly compared to 1961–1990. However, the weakened ENSO-ISMR relation in the recent period (1991–2020) mostly contributed from the disconnection of La Niña-ISMR relationship compared to El Niño-ISMR, as seen from the large-scale dynamics including the changes in the vertical wind shear and the shift in the Walker circulation. This study highlights how the changes in the patterns and the intensity of the atmospheric as well as oceanic fields within the tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean contributed to the weakening of ENSO-ISMR relation in the recent decades.