bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Need for Routine COVID-19 Testing of Emergency Department Staff: Quantitative Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang Yuemei , Cheng Sheng-Ru
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

As the number of COVID-19 cases in the US continues to increase and hospitals experience shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE), health care workers have been disproportionately affected. However, since COVID-19 testing is now easily available, there is a need to evaluate whether routine testing should be performed for asymptomatic health care workers.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to provide a quantitative analysis of the predicted impact that regular testing of health care workers for COVID-19 may have on the prevention of the disease among emergency department patients and staff.

METHODS

Using publicly available data on COVID-19 cases and emergency department visits, as well as internal hospital staffing information, we developed a mathematical model to predict the impact of periodic COVID-19 testing of asymptomatic staff members of the emergency department in COVID-19–affected regions. We calculated various transmission constants based on the Diamond Princess cruise ship data, used a logistic model to calculate new infections, and developed a Markov model based on the average incubation period for COVID-19.

RESULTS

Our model predicts that after 180 days, with a transmission constant of 1.219e-4 new infections/person2, weekly COVID-19 testing of health care workers would reduce new health care worker and patient infections by approximately 3%-5.9%, and biweekly testing would reduce infections in both by 1%-2.1%. At a transmission constant of 3.660e-4 new infections/person2, weekly testing would reduce infections by 11%-23% and biweekly testing would reduce infections by 5.5%-13%. At a lower transmission constant of 4.067e-5 new infections/person2, weekly and biweekly COVID-19 testing for health care workers would result in an approximately 1% and 0.5%-0.8% reduction in infections, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Periodic COVID-19 testing for emergency department staff in regions that are heavily affected by COVID-19 or are facing resource constraints may significantly reduce COVID-19 transmission among health care workers and previously uninfected patients.
The successes and lessons of a Dutch University Hospitals’ eHealth program: an Evaluation Study Protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Rauwerdink Anneloek , Kasteleyn Marise J. , Chavannes Niels H. , Schijven Marlies P.
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

University Hospitals (UHs) are key players in contributing to a sustainable health care system. In the Netherlands the eight UHs joined forces from 2016 till 2018 within the Citrien fund (CF) - program eHealth to develop sustainable eHealth solutions by carrying out 32 research projects.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to develop an evaluation study protocol that would be capable of evaluating the first Dutch University Hospitals eHealth program in depth.

METHODS

To develop the protocol three consecutive steps were carried out: 1) a rapid review to find suitable eHealth evaluation frameworks and eHealth project progress indicators, 2) assessment of the selected eHealth evaluation frameworks to determine the most suitable framework to evaluate CF - program eHealth, and 3) development of a mixed-methods study to evaluate eHealth project progress indicators in relation to the 32 eHealth research projects.

RESULTS

The ‘Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) framework for evaluating telehealth trials or programs’ was deemed most suitable for evaluating CF - program eHealth. The aspects planning, needs assessment, policy/organization, technology, ethics, legal, and finance, were considered useful indicators for monitoring the progress of an eHealth project, and therefore incorporated into the survey.

CONCLUSIONS

The developed evaluation study protocol will be used to evaluate the first Dutch University Hospitals’ eHealth program, the CF – program eHealth, and therewith contribute to maximizing successful uptake of eHealth solutions. Also, the selected set of eHealth project performance indicators could be used by researchers or policymakers to securely monitor the progress of eHealth projects.
App-Delivered Self-Management Intervention Trial selfBACK for People With Low Back Pain: Protocol for Implementation and Process Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Rasmussen Charlotte Diana Nørregaard , Svendsen Malene Jagd , Wood Karen , Nicholl Barbara I , Mair Frances S , Sandal Louise Fleng , Mork Paul Jarle , Søgaard Karen , Bach Kerstin , Stochkendahl Mette Jensen
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

Implementation and process evaluation is vital for understanding how interventions function in different settings, including if and why interventions have different effects or do not work at all.

OBJECTIVE

This paper presents the protocol for an implementation and process evaluation embedded in a multicenter randomized controlled trial conducted in Denmark and Norway (the selfBACK project). selfBACK is a data-driven decision support system that provides participants with weekly self-management plans for low back pain. These plans are delivered through a smartphone app and tailored to individual participants by using case-based reasoning methodology. In the trial, we compare selfBACK in addition to usual care with usual care alone.

METHODS

The aim of this study is to conduct a convergent mixed-methods implementation and process evaluation of the selfBACK app by following the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance framework. We will evaluate the process of implementing selfBACK and investigate how participants use the intervention in daily life. The evaluation will also cover the reach of the intervention, health care provider willingness to adopt it, and participant satisfaction with the intervention. We will gather quantitative measures by questionnaires and measures of data analytics on app use and perform a qualitative exploration of the implementation using semistructured interviews theoretically informed by normalization process theory. Data collection will be conducted between March 2019 and October 2020.

RESULTS

The trial opened for recruitment in February 2019. This mixed-methods implementation and evaluation study is embedded in the randomized controlled trial and will be collecting data from March 2019 to October 2020; dissemination of trial results is planned thereafter. The results from the process evaluation are expected 2021-2022.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will provide a detailed understanding of how self-management of low back pain can be improved and how a digital health intervention can be used as an add-on to usual care to support patients to self-manage their low back pain. We will provide knowledge that can be used to explore the possibilities of extending the generic components of the selfBACK system and key drivers that could be of use in other conditions and diseases where self-management is an essential prevention or treatment strategy.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03798288; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03798288

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/20308
A pilot study of a machine-learning tool to assist in the diagnosis of hand arthritis (Preprint)
Authors: Reed Mark Daly , Le Souef Timothy James , Rampono Elliot
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

Arthritis is a common condition, which frequently involves the hands. Patients with inflammatory arthritis have been shown to experience significant delays in diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE

We sought to develop and test a screening tool combining an image of a patient’s hands, a short series of questions, and a single examination technique, to determine the most likely diagnosis in a patient presenting with hand arthritis. Machine learning techniques were used to develop separate algorithms for each component, which were combined to produce a diagnosis.

METHODS

280 consecutive new patients presenting to a Rheumatology practice with hand arthritis were enrolled. Each patient completed a 9-part questionnaire, had photographs taken of each hand, and had a single examination result recorded. The Rheumatologist diagnosis was recorded following a 45-minute consultation. The photograph algorithm was developed from a library of 1000 images, and machine learning techniques were applied to the questionnaire results, training several models against the diagnosis from the Rheumatologist.

RESULTS

The combined algorithms in this study were able to predict inﬂammatory arthritis with an accuracy, precision, recall and specificity of 96·8%, 97·2%, 98·6% and 90·5% respectively. Similar results were found when inflammatory arthritis was subclassified into rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. The corresponding figures for osteoarthritis were 79·6%, 85·9%, 61·9% and 92·6%.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates a novel application of a combined image-processing and a patient questionnaire with applied machine-learning methods, to facilitate the diagnosis of patients presenting with hand arthritis. Preliminary results are encouraging for the application of such techniques in clinical practice.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable.
Exploring Psychological Effects of Residential Lockdowns in China: A Study by Weibo Psycho-linguistic Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Wu Peijing , Li Sijia , Liu Zeyu , Wang Yilin , Liu Tianli , Liu Xiaoqian , Zhao Nan , Zhu Tingshao
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

With the rapid spread of COVID-19, strict residential lockdowns have been implemented in most parts of Chinese regions. Millions of people cannot leave their homes except for special reasons. While it played an essential role in curbing public panic and promoting preventive behaviors, it might have impacts on human psychological states as well.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to explore the psychological impacts of residential lockdowns.

METHODS

We collected more than 150,360 weibo messages from 5,370 Chinese active users, extracted psycho-linguistic features from these messages and applied the 2(lockdown vs non-lockdown) x2(before vs after lockdown) repeated measure analysis of variance (RM ANOVA).

RESULTS

The results showed that the use of positive emotion words was decreased by residential lockdowns generally (F (5370) = 7.926, P < .001). In high-endemic areas, residential lockdowns also reduced the use of Harm-Virtue words (F (3447) = 7.729, P = .005) and Fairness-Vice words (F (3447) = 10.298, P = .001). Meanwhile, raised the frequency of Authority-Virtue words (F (3447) = 4.502, P = .034), exclusion words (F (3447) = 4.518, P = .034) and inhibition words (F (3447) = 10.154, P = .001).

CONCLUSIONS

Residential lockdowns have generally caused a decline in positive emotions, which might influence human physical and mental health. But no evidence showed that it explicitly induced a specific negative emotion. Other impacts were more evident in high-endemic areas. It might be related to the high epidemic threat and the urgent need for social distancing in these areas.
Jean-Marc-Gaspard Itard, Lev Semionovitch Vigotski e o determinismo biológico
Authors: Tunes Elizabeth , Pereira Aline Souza
Published: May 2020

No presente ensaio, são apresentados alguns fatos históricos que, talvez, possam lançar alguma luz para a compreensão do hiato histórico que se verifica entre dois estudiosos que se ocuparam de questões ligadas à educação de crianças com deficiência, no passado. São eles: Jean-Mark-Gaspard Itard e Lev Semionovitch Vigotski. O primeiro nasceu no sul da França, em 1774; o segundo nasceu na Bielorrúsia em 1896. No presente texto, inicialmente, é feita uma síntese das principais ideias de cada autor acerca da educação e do desenvolvimento de crianças com deficiência, buscando-se destacar aquelas que apresentam similaridades entre si. Em seguida, procura-se realizar uma caracterização do cenário científico que se desdobrou nesse intervalo de cento e vinte anos e suas principais relações com o contexto social maior da época, apontando-se para o que, talvez, possa estar na raiz do adormecimento histórico das concepções de Jean Itard, a saber, a hegemonia da doutrina do determinismo biológico.
Syntactical Marker {-Nya} In Indonesian
Authors: Sedeng I Nyoman
Published: May 2020

This study discusses the syntactic marker {-nya} in Indonesian, and aims at finding the answers to the three research questions; (i) what hosts can be appended by {-nya},(ii)what syntactic functions can be filled by {-nya}, and (iii) what is the meaning of {-nya}contextually. The data to support the analysis was collected from the source with the help of a data collection tool [antconc3.2.1w window2007]. Two theories are relevant to the discussion of {-nya}, namely; morphosyntactic theory that searched the occurrence of {-nya} in a text and discourse theory to discover the meaning of {-nya} contextually.The result of analysis showed three occurrence of {-nya}; pronoun clitics, determiner, and as adverbial formation. As a core argument {-nya} can be attached to the nasal verbs, passive verbs, zero intransitive verbs, and category of nouns, prepositions, and reflexive pronouns. As adverbial formation {-nya} is attached to the adjective, bound root, and is combined with {se-} to form confix {se-baik-nya}. As pronoun, {-nya} can serve as; Grammatical Subjects and Objects, Possessive determiner, Oblique Agent, Reflexive pronoun. As determiner it is always attached to the noun, forming nouns from verbs, and as an adverbial it can serve as an adjunct, conjunct, and disjunct. The meaning of {-nya} with pronominal category should be traced in the text and always refers to the third person singular. Keywords: syntactic markers, pronouns, argument, adverbial, discourse
A New Exponential Approach for Reducing the Mean Squared Errors of the Estimators of Population Mean Using Conventional and Non-Conventional Location Parameters
Authors: Singh Housila P. , Yadav Anita
Published: May 2020

Classes of ratio-type estimators t (say) and ratio-type exponential estimators te (say) of the population mean are proposed, and their biases and mean squared errors under large sample approximation are presented. It is the class of ratio-type exponential estimators te provides estimators more efficient than the ratio-type estimators.
BENDING OF RING PLATES, PERFORMED FROM AN ORTHOTROPIC NONLINEAR DIFFERENTLY RESISTANT MATERIAL
Authors: Treschev Alexander , Zhurin Evgeniy
Published: May 2020

This article proposes a mathematical model of axisymmetric transverse bending of an annular plate of average thickness, the loading of which is assumed to be on the upper surface of a transverse uniformly distributed load. An orthotropic plate made of a material whose mechanical characteristics nonlinearly depend on the type of stress state is considered. The most universal, built in the normalized tensor space of stresses associated with the main axes of anisotropy of the material are taken as defining relations. The loads were taken in such a way that the deflections of the middle surface of the plate could be considered small compared to its thickness. Fastening plates are presented in two versions: 1) rigid fastening on the outer and inner contours; 2) hinge bearing on the outer and inner contours. As a result of the formulation of the boundary value problem, a mathematical model was developed for the class of problems in question, implemented as a numerical algorithm integrated into the application package of the MatLAB environment. To solve the system of resolving differential equations of plate bending, the method of variable parameters of elasticity was used with a finite-difference approximation of the second order of accuracy.
Nadzor i žudnja u društvenim mrežama
Authors: Lovrinić Barbara
Published: May 2020

Sveopća digitalizacija i tehnološki napredak pogodovali su jačanju tehnoloških divova (Amazon, Apple, Facebook, Google i Microsoft) i akumulaciji profita na čemu se temelji današnja digitalna javna sfera. U
obilju raznih platformi osobito je zanimljiv fenomen društvenih mreža. Dok društvene mreže korisnika čine „kraljemˮ u kreaciji vlastitoga virtualnog sadržaja i potiču kulturu dijeljenja, istovremeno ga lišavaju
potpune kontrole nad svojim podacima koji se uglavnom iskorištavaju u komercijalne svrhe. Ovaj rad problematizira dva teorijska koncepta za razumijevanje odnosa moći vlasnika društvenih mreža i njihovih korisnika. Prvi je pojam nadzora kao sve važnijeg čimbenika u političkoj
ekonomiji komunikacije. Drugi je lakanovski pojam žudnje za priznavanjem/prepoznavanjem jedinstvenosti kojim se ukazuje na izvor onoga što nas kao korisnike sprečava, ili nam bar djelomično onemogućava, da ono „nevidljivo” – upravljanje „velikim podacima” (big data) i nadzor nad profilima korisnika – povežemo s pitanjima političke ekonomije. U ovom radu, koncipiranom na temelju dvosmjerne komunikacije između vlasnika i korisnika društvenih mreža, nastojimo pokazati da stare teorije ne zastarijevaju u novom vidu odnosa tehnologije, komunikacije, politike i ekonomije.
Kömür Yakıtlı Termik Santralin Çalışma Esnekliğinin İncelenmesi
Authors: TONTU Mehmet
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışmada kömür yakıtlı termik santrallerin operasyonel faaliyetlerde değişikliğe gidilerek esnekliğinin artırılması amaçlanmıştır. Son yıllarda yenilenebilir kaynaklı enerji üretiminin büyük ölçüde artmasıyla termik santrallerin yenilenebilir kaynaklı enerji üretimiyle rekabet yeteneğinin geliştirilmesi ihtiyacı doğmuştur. Ayrıca yenilenebilir kaynaklı enerji üretimi anlık değişimler gösterebildiği için termik santrallere şebeke dengeleme yönünden daha çok iş düşmektedir. Bu sebepten dolayı, termik santrallerin operasyonel esnekliğinin artırılması 4 ana başlık altında incelenmiştir: minumum yükte çalışma, hızlı yük alma ve atma, devreye alma prosedürü optimizasyonu ve son olarak primer ve sekonder destek kabiliyetlerinin artırılması çalışmalarını kapsamaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda 4 farklı esneklik kategorisinde santral sınır değerlerin dısına çıkmadan başarılı olmuştur. Daha önce % 40 belirlenen minumum yük değeri % 30 değerine revize edilmiş ayrıca primer ve sekonder frekans destek testlerinden başarıyla geçmiş bununla beraber yük alma/atma hızı 20 MW/dk değerine iyileştirilmiştir. Son olarak, devreye alma programı optimize edilmiş minimum yardımcı yakıtla devreye alacak şekilde geliştirilmiştir.
Entre mujeres: producción de subjetividad y autonomía en un barrio de CABA
Authors: Calloway Cecilia , Cabrera Candela , Córdoba Ana , Farruggio Liliana , Giménez Fernanda , Herrera Paloma
Published: May 2020

Presentaremos las primeras reflexiones de un trabajo que estamos realizando en el marco del proyecto de Extensión Universitaria de la cátedra Teoría y Técnica de Grupos I de la Facultad de Psicología de la UBA. El título de dicho proyecto es: “Abordajes grupales en la Asociación Civil La vereda de enfrente de la Villa 21, Barracas: Problemáticas socio-comunitarias actuales y producción de subjetividad”. El diseño del dispositivo de taller que se ofreció fue pensado a partir del trabajo conjunto con la referente de la Asociación Civil, el mismo lleva por nombre “Espacio de mujeres: para charlar, compartir y acompañarnos”. La preocupación en relación con las mujeres del barrio que se acercaban allí, la vida dura que llevaban y las condiciones de violencia de género por las cuales tenían que atravesar, hacían imaginar un espacio en el cual puedan jugar, distraerse y a su vez, puedan conocer y compartir su cotidianidad.
Mersin ili spor turizmi potansiyelinin SWOT analiziyle değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KARADENİZ Erdinç , GÜDÜK Tolga
Published: May 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Mersin ilinin spor turizmi açısından güçlü ve zayıf yönleri ile fırsat ve tehditlerini belirleyerek spor turizmini geliştirmeye yönelik öneriler geliştirmektir. Bu amaçla spor ve turizmle doğrudan ilişkisi olan 40 uzman kişiyle yüz yüze görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, güçlü-zayıf-fırsat-tehdit (SWOT) analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda Mersin ilinin spor turizmi açısından en güçlü üç yönünün iklim, spor tesisleri ve spor turizmine uygun doğası olduğu belirlenmiştir. En zayıf üç unsur ise alt yapı yatırımlarının yetersizliği, ulaşım olanaklarının yetersizliği ve yetersiz tanıtım olarak saptanmıştır. Gelecekteki en önemli üç fırsat ise son yıllarda gerçekleştirilen spor organizasyonlarının sayısının artması, ulaşım imkanlarının gelişmekte olması ve tanıtımın artması olarak belirlenmiştir. Buna karşın gelecekteki en önemli üç tehdidin ise jeopolitik konum, tesislerin atıl kalma riski ve ekonomik durgunluk olduğu saptanmıştır.
Drug Repurposing for COVID-19 from FDA Approved and Experiment Stage Drugs by in Silico Methods with SARS CoV-2 Spike Protein
Authors: CS Sharanya , kumar arun , J Abhithaj , A Sabu , Madathilkovilakathu Haridas
Published: May 2020

E-pharmacophore based virtual screening of DrugBank database is carried out to identify candidate drugs for repurposing. The dug molecules were screened based on the pharmacophore generated and filtered through the 6000 drug molecule to obtain better 2000 of them. This filtered drug molecules further screened via structure based approach, involving molecular docking at different precisions. From the large database seven drug lead molecules were selected as hits and their binding energy with the spike protein were calculated. Cladribine, Clofarabine, Fludarabine from approved category and 7-methyl-guanosine-5'-triphosphate-5'-guanosine, Adenosine-2'-5'-Diphosphate, 8-Bromo-Adenosine-5'-Monophosphate, Alpha-Methylene Adenosine Monophosphate in the experimental category were found to be potent inhibitors of SARS CoV-2 spike protein to repurpose as drugs for COVID-19.
Prediction of Drug Metabolites Using Neural Machine Translation
Authors: Litsa Eleni , Das Payel , Kavraki Lydia
Published: May 2020

We present an end-to-end learning-based method for predicting possible human metabolites of small molecules including drugs. The metabolite prediction task is approached as a sequence translation problem with chemical compounds represented using the SMILES notation. We perform transfer leaning on a Seq2Seq Transformer model originally trained on chemical reaction data to predict the outcome of human metabolic reactions. We further build an ensemble model to account for multiple and diverse metabolites.

Extensive evaluation reveals that the proposed method generalizes well to different enzyme families, as it can correctly predict metabolites for phase I and phase II drug metabolism reactions as well as for other enzymes.
A CNS-Targeting Prodrug Strategy for Nuclear Receptor Modulators
Authors: Ferrara Skylar , Scanlan Thomas
Published: May 2020

Neurodegenerative diseases lack a breadth of treatment options due, in part, to the known difficulties associated with a drug’s passage across the blood-brain barrier. In this study, we provide a blueprint for how to get drug-like structures which feature carboxylic acid motifs across the blood-brain barrier, while attenuating their peripheral exposure using a chemical prodrug strategy. This prodrug strategy utilizes endogenous fatty-acid amide hydrolase expressed in the CNS to cleave and release parent drugs for CNS drug action to commence. In particular, we demonstrate the successes and limitations of this prodrug strategy within a series of nuclear receptor modulators, which have shown promise as potential therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases.
Carbapenem Resistance in Non-Fermenters: An Overview
Authors: Bhuvaneshwari G  , Shameembanu A S  , Kalyani Mohanram
Published: May 2020

This study was conducted with interest in increasing carbapenem resistance in non-fermenters: an important causative agent of nosocomial infection and to standardize the methods for interpretation of their resistance. The aim of this study is to perform disk diffusion testing and minimal inhibitory concentration technique for the identification of carbapenem resistance for imipenem and meropenem. The isolates found resistant to carbapenems were confirmed with the modified Hodge test. The genes responsible for carbapenem resistance were identified by both phenotypic and genotypic methods. Out of 240 non-fermenters isolated 20% showed resistance to carbapenem by disk diffusion. Only 7% showed resistance by the micro broth dilution technique of minimum inhibitory concentration. 3% were panning drug-resistant. Out of 16 carbapenem-resistant isolates, 5 were found to have KPC (Klebsiella pneumonia carbapenem) genes, 9 had MBL (Metallo beta-lactamase) genes and 2 had KPC+MBL genes and none were found to have Amp C and OXA-48 genes phenotypically. Genotypically all the KPC strains had KPC genes and out of 9 MBL strains, 6 had VIM and the remaining 3 strains were negative for both IMP and VIM gene. In conclusion, the interpretation of susceptibility for carbapenems should not be made only with disk diffusion testing. Always check for Minimal inhibitory concentration methods and determination of genes responsible for carbapenem resistance, a double-disc synergy test goes in hand with genotypic detection.
Awareness about cervical cancer and its screening amongst patient’s attenders in a tertiary care hospital in Chennai
Authors: Varsha Reddy N  , Yogesh Mohan  , Charumathi B  , Timsi Jain
Published: May 2020

In recent years cervical cancer has been witnessed as the second most prevalent cancer amongst females throughout the world. Sadly, regardless of the proof of methods for prevention, the majority of the females endure unscreened. The hurdles to screening include ignorance towards risk factors, manifestations, stigma, and fallacy about gynecological ailments. This research was conducted with the objective to describe the extent of awareness about cervical carcinoma and its screening among patient’s attenders who are women and are in the reproductive age group in a tertiary hospital. A cross-sectional study was conducted among patient's attenders age 15-45 years at a tertiary health care center, i.e., Saveetha Medical College and Hospital (SMCH) with a sample size of 158 and purposive sampling technique was used. Data was gathered using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using relevant statistical tests. Out of 158 study participants at SMCH,85 (53.7%) of them have heard about cervical cancer, 88 (55.6%) are apprised of screening of cervical carcinoma and 40 (25.3%) of them have been screened for cervical carcinoma using Pap smear. Study shows that more than half of the women have a satisfactory extent of awareness regarding cervical carcinoma. However, uptake of screening services is low. These results indicate that we need to increase awareness about cervical cancer and its screening.
Research on the Linguistic Features of British and American Literary Works from a Cross-cultural Perspective
Authors: Wang Congpan
Published: May 2020

British and American literary classics are very rich, and they are the bright pearls in the treasure house of world literature. British and American literary creations are produced under unique regional cultures. Different regional cultures have their own language characteristics and connotations. To understand the work deeply, they must have a deep understanding and understanding of their background culture. British and American literature is an important reflection of British and American culture. By analyzing the language characteristics of British and American literature, we can better understand the development characteristics of British and American culture and strengthen our understanding of the background and connotation of British and American culture. Next, this paper will analyze the linguistic characteristics of British and American literary works from a cross-cultural perspective to strengthen the understanding and cognition of British and American culture.
Pengaruh Leverage dan Liquidity Terhadap Tax Avoidance Dengan Inventory Intensity Sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Pasaribu David Malindo , Mulyani Susi Dwi
Published: May 2020

This study aims to analyze the effect of leverage and liquidity on tax avoidance with inventory intensity as a moderating variable. The type of data used is secondary data. The sample used is a manufacturing company that is listed active in BEI Period 2015-2017 which can be seen on the official website that www.idx.co.id. Methods of data analysis using is moderated regression analysis (MRA). Data processing is done by using Eviews Version 10 for windows. The results showed that there is a significant negative effect between liquidity with tax avoidance, there is a significant negative influence between inventory intensity with tax avoidance, inventory intensity was able to moderate the effect of liquidity to tax avoidance. In addition, the leverage did not effect to tax avoidance, the inventory intensity was not able to moderate the effect of leverage to tax avoidance.

Keywords: Leverage, Liquidity, Tax Avoidance, and Inventory Intensity
Peran Badan Permusyawaratan Desa dalam Pengelolaan Aset Desa
Authors: Putra Mahenda Erarefra , Hapsari Aprina Nugrahesthy Sulistya
Published: May 2020

This study aims to describe the role of Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) in village assets management in Purworejo village, Purworejo Klampok sub-district, Banjarnegara Regency. Village assets are interesting to study because of the phenomena that occur indicate weaknesses in village assets management. On the other hand, village assets are an inseparable part of the government's efforts to increase village values ??and advance national development. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with in-depth interview method and observation as data collection methods. The participants in this study are members of BPD 2018-2024 and members of the community involved in village assets management. The results of this study indicated that the role of BPD in village assets management are apparent in all stages, especially in the stages of planning, procurement, transfers, administration, reporting and supervision. However, the role of the BPD is not too optimal due to constraints related to limited human resources, especially regarding each BPD members’ educational background and their availability of time. In addition, the community itself still does not have a deep understanding of the role of BPD, so they feel that they have not been directly affected by the existence of BPD.
Perbandingan Kinerja Portofolio yang Dibentuk dengan Single Index Model pada Saham-Saham yang Terdaftar dalam Indeks LQ45 dan Kompas 100 Tahun 2018
Authors: Iskandar Dini , Martalena Martalena , Julianto Natasha Desiree
Published: May 2020

Stocks as an investment instrument that categorized as a high risk dan high return instrument. Therefore, investors should distributed their invesment funds in a number of shares by forming an optimal portfolio where the highest return is obtain at a certain risk or the lowest risk at certain return. On this study the portfolio forming used the Single Index Model. Portfolio formed from stocks at LQ 45 Index and Kompas 100 Index by aim to get the comparison of their performance.The result of this study indicate that LQ 45 portfolio that containing PTBA, ICBP, BBCA, PGAS and ANTM has a lower return than Kompas 100 portfolio that containing KREN,CPIN, PTBA and JFPA. The performance of both portfolio that analyze by Sharpe Index, Treynor Index and Jensen Index indicate that portfolio of Kompas 100 better than portfolio of LQ 45 , however both of them showed the good performance because their result are positif that mean better than market.

Keywords: Portfolio, Single Index Model, Sharpe Index, Treynor Index, Jensen Index.
Analisis Dampak Hilirisasi Industri Kakao di Indonesia
Authors: Hadinata Sebastian , Marianti Maria Merry
Published: May 2020

Cocoa is one of Indonesia’s plantation commodity that is important for the national economy. Cocoa plays a role in encouraging regional development and agro-industry. The purpose of this study was to find out the cocoa value chain in Indonesia and find out the impact of the downstream cocoa processing industry in Indonesia. The method used is literature study. The results of the analysis show that the downstreaming of the cocoa processing industry has a positive impact on Indonesia, the benefits of which are getting value added of raw material products, strengthening industrial structures, providing employment, attracting investors, and providing business opportunities in Indonesia.
Agricultural Loan and Agricultural Production Value in Turkey
Authors: KADANALI Esra , KAYA Emine
Published: May 2020

One of the major tools in agricultural finance is agricultural loans. Therefore, it is important to investigate the relationship between agricultural loans and agricultural production. In this study we aim to determine whether there is a causality relationship between the agricultural loan and agricultural production value. For this purpose we use the time series data for the years of 2005- 2018. In the study, we use Phillips-Perron unit root test to determine the stationarity levels of the variables examined. After we examine the stationary levels of time series, we perform Granger causality test to detect the causality relationship between agricultural loans and agricultural production. As a result of the Granger causality test, we determine that there is a unilateral causality relationship from the agricultural loan variable to the agricultural production value variable, that is, it can be said that agricultural loans affect the value of agricultural production. For this reason, we can state that facilitating the use of loans in the agricultural sector, and increasing the lending institutions will contribute to the increase of agricultural production value in meeting the input needs of the producers effectively.
PET-CT and Occupational Exposure in Oncological Patients
Authors: Osipov Mikhail , Vazhenin Andrey , Kuznetsova Anna , Aksenova Irina , Vazhenina Daria , Sokolnikov Mikhail
Published: May 2020

The paper describes the results of retrospective epidemiological study on low dose effects of diagnostic radiation exposure to humans. The data used in the study has been collected from archives of Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine during the project for creating the local electronic database of Ozyorsk patients examined with computed tomography (CTDB). The study group consisted of oncological patients who have received positron-emission computed tomography (PET-CT). All patients in the study group were residents of Ozyorsk – the town in South Ural where the “Mayak” production association, also known as 1st Russian nuclear enterprise is located. The main purpose of the study was to understand whether the number of PET-CT scans, as well as other radiation risk factors influences the mortality in the exposed group. The follow-up period started in 2010 since the first PET-CT scans has been performed, and ended in June, 2019. Radiation dose for oncological patients exposed to PET-CT has been compared with the cumulative dose from occupational exposure. Vital status and cause of death of patients who died to the end of follow-up has been established using the data of National Cancer Registry in part located in the Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine. Cancer mortality has been analysed depending on age of patient, sex, number of PET-CT examinations, and presence of occupational exposure, using the logistic regression model. Main radiation risk factors influencing cancer mortality has been established.
La incidencia de los medios de comunicación en la presunción de inocencia
Authors: García Yépez Nadya
Published: May 2020

Los medios de comunicación desempeñan una función importante que es la de difundir información, son los encargados de crear la opinión pública y, por ende, su influencia es determinante en la sociedad; para ello, se fundamentan en el derecho a la libertad de información, pero ¿qué pasa si este derecho colisiona con otros, también fundamentales, como el de la presunción de inocencia? Cuando los medios de comunicación, en el ejercicio de sus actividades, difunden información acerca de procesos penales, que se están llevando a cabo en la administración de justicia, un mal manejo de la información podría implicar serias vulneraciones al debido proceso.
REGULATION AND SUPERVISION OF SHARIA BANKING ACCORDING TO INDONESIAN LEGISLATION
Authors: Sood Muhammad , Muhaimin H. , Ismail Sumiyati
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this research is to analyze the regulation and supervision of Sharia banking business according to positive law in Indonesia, while the target is to be achieved, first, to analyze the regulation of Sharia banking supervision institution of according the positive law; Second, the existence of the institution of Sharia banking supervision, comparison of Sharia banking supervision that conducted by Bank Indonesia, the Financial Service Authority (FSA), the Board of Commissioners, and Board of Sharia Supervisory (BSS) according to Indonesian positive law. The gathering of legal materials conducted through the study of literature, then conducted a qualitative descriptive analysis to obtain a prescriptive conclusion deductively. The result of research shows that the regulation and supervision of Sharia banking in Indonesia at first is the authority of Bank Indonesia, then change judicially to become the authority of the FSA. The supervision of Sharia bank internally is also the authority of the Board of Commissioner and ShariaBSS as stipulated in the Banking Law of Sharia and Limited Company Law. Base on the result of research, there are inconsistent or conflict of norm about authority among institutions on regulation and supervision of banking. The problem can cause the legal uncertainty in the implementation of its functions, duties and authority of the FSA as an institution that is mandated by law in conducting regulation and supervision of banking. Therefore, it necessary to regulate comprehensively about Sharia banking supervision in an article or provision clearly and comprehensible, because of there are differences of the characteristics of Sharia banking activities.
Baiq Nuril’s Amnesty Impacts on Legal Certainty in Indonesia
Authors: Haryo Aditya risky , Febriana Asyri , Rif'an Muhammad , Maghfira Tria Vista
Published: May 2020

Purpose of this work is to provide another view to the reader on baiq nuril’s amnesty impact on legal certainty. Type of this research is normative legal research. After analyzing legal materials, it can be concluded that, first of all, baiq nuril’s amnesty could be categorized as amnesty which base on individual principle, which it has a precedent as regulated in Presidential Decree Number 449 of 1961, secondly, several positive impacts of President Joko Widodo’s amnesty to baiq nuril is providing legal protection to women and motivating government to clarify regulation on amnesty as soon as possible.
Adaptación universitaria en estudiantes peruanos de ciencias de la salud. Diferencias por sexo y grupo etario
Authors: Dominguez Lara Sergio , Prada Chapoñan Rony Edinson
Published: May 2020

Objetivo: el objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar si existen diferencias en cuanto a la adaptación universitaria en estudiantes peruanos del primer año de ciencias de la salud, respecto al sexo y grupo etario (jóvenes y adultos). Materiales y métodos: la muestra estuvo conformada por 759 estudiantes (74,8% mujeres), en su mayoría estudiantes jóvenes (92,2%), quienes fueron evaluados con el Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire. Resultados: las mujeres tienen una mejor adaptación académica e institucional, aunque exhiben menor adaptación personal-emocional. No se hallaron diferencias en la adaptación social entre hombres y mujeres. Respecto a la edad, los estudiantes jóvenes presentan menor adaptación personal-emocional e institucional que los estudiantes adultos, y no se encontraron diferencias con relación a la adaptación académica. Conclusiones: el sexo y el grupo etario de pertenencia son aspectos relevantes en el estudio de la adaptación universitaria.
Russo-Japanese Peace Treaty Negotiations And Plans For Joint Economic Activity on the Southern Kuril Islands
Authors: Iliya Zhmakin , Kristina Voda
Published: May 2020

The article analyzes the Russo-Japanese peace treaty negotiations in 2013- 2019. Despite the rapprochement in the trade, economic, political and humanitarian spheres, the territorial dispute remains an obstacle, significantly complicating bilateral ties. There remain disagreements on the sovereignty over the southern Kuril Islands, on acceptable conditions for resolving a territorial dispute, as well as on the significance of the territorial dispute for the development of bilateral relations. The plans for the implementation of joint economic activities on the southern Kuril Islands are also analyzed. It is concluded that Russia and Japan need to continue to build upon the result of rapprochement initiated by the leaders of the countries and continue negotiations on the peace treaty that will upgrade their relations.
Efectos de un programa de aprendizaje servicio para el desarrollo de prosocialidad y actitudes positivas hacia la inmigración en educación física
Authors: Lamoneda Prieto Javier , Carter-Thuillier Bastian , López-Pastor Víctor Manuel
Published: May 2020

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el efecto de un programa basado en la estrategia aprendizaje servicio (ApS) sobre el desarrollo de actitudes prosociales y actitudes hacia la inmigración. Participaron 45 estudiantes de Secundaria (20 alumnos y 25 alumnas) con una edad media de 14.47 años (± 0.69). Se empleó un diseño cuasi-experimental. La intervención tuvo una duración de cinco meses (23 sesiones) a través del diseño y desarrollo de eventos deportivos. Los resultados muestran en los estudiantes que impartieron el servicio una mejora significativa de las actitudes prosociales. Sin embargo, no se apreciaron diferencias en las actitudes ante la inmigración. Por su parte, los participantes valoraron positivamente la organización y su contribución en la educación en valores y mejora de la convivencia. Resulta beneficioso enriquecer el currículo con experiencias de ApS, a fin de ofrecer experiencias de aprendizaje auténticas al alumnado.
Experiencia de ApS en la formación inicial del profesorado del doble grado de Educación Primaria y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte. El contexto multicultural como marco de actuación
Authors: Ruiz-Montero Pedro Jesús , Corral Robles Silvia , García Carmona Marina , Belaire Meliá Ana
Published: May 2020

La metodología Aprendizaje-Servicio (ApS) es un enfoque educativo que fomenta la construcción de un aprendizaje reflexivo y significativo del alumnado, ofreciendo a la vez un servicio a un colectivo vulnerable o causa. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar los efectos socioeducativos que la metodología Aprendizaje-Servicio (ApS) produce en el alumnado universitario, a nivel de competencias académico-profesionales, de desarrollo del compromiso ético-cívico con la sociedad y de desarrollo del aprendizaje emocional y personal. La muestra estudiada se compone de 17 alumnos y 5 alumnas del Doble Grado de Educación Primaria y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación y del Deporte de Melilla (Universidad de Granada). Las técnicas y herramientas utilizadas, tanto para la recogida de datos como para el análisis de la información, han sido de carácter cualitativo mediante diarios reflexivos semanales. Los principales resultados muestran que el alumnado considera estas prácticas educativas como una triple oportunidad para el desarrollo de competencias académico-profesionales, ético-cívicas y personales. Como conclusión, el alumnado responsable de desarrollar el ApS considera una experiencia enriquecedora y única el poder implementar contenido curricular con colectivos necesitados, así como aprender a planificar con diversos grupos de índole multicultural.
Adquisición de competencias para prevenir el accidente acuático: un proyecto ApS con estudiantes universitarios y población con diversidad funcional
Authors: Sanz Arribas Ismael , Calle Molina María Teresa , Aguado Gómez Raquel , Garoz Puerta Ignacio
Published: May 2020

En esta investigación se pretende demostrar que la metodología aprendizaje-servicio es una herramienta eficaz para que las personas con discapacidad intelectual, adquieran las competencias necesarias para resolver el ahogamiento de otra persona, asumiendo un riesgo mínimo. Por otro lado, también se pretende conocer la percepción del alumnado universitario sobre el efecto que les ha producido la participación en un proyecto de aprendizaje y servicio desarrollado con personas con discapacidad intelectual. Para la consecución de estos objetivos se ha contado con la participación voluntaria de estudiantes del Grado en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte para impartir dos sesiones de salvamento acuático a un grupo de personas con discapacidad intelectual. La metodología utilizada en esta investigación ha sido tanto cuantitativa como cualitativa. Los resultados demuestran que la metodología aprendizaje y servicio es una herramienta útil para mejorar la seguridad de las personas con discapacidad intelectual en el medio acuático. Respecto al segundo de los objetivos planteados para este trabajo, se concluye que el alumnado universitario ha percibido que su competencia académica, su respeto y su comprensión hacia las personas con discapacidad intelectual ha aumentado. Al mismo tiempo, el alumnado ha apreciado cambios en su identidad personal y han manifestado la intención de implicarse en proyectos que tengan un impacto social positivo en el futuro.
Efficiency of fertilization systems in the short crop rotation of the Forest-Steppe of the Western Ukraine
Authors: Kyrylesko A. L.
Published: May 2020

The results of the energy assessment of the crop rotation chain in the Forest-Steppe of the Western Ukraine, humus balance in the soil, nitrogen circulation and plant residues are presented. It has been established that all the proposed fertilization systems are effective in terms of energy accumulation. It has been proved that application of mineral fertilizers in combination with organic fertilizers increases Kee values by 1.2 times.

The results of energy estimation of a crop rotation link in the northern part of Forest Steppe of Ukraine are presented. It is established that effective in terms of the energy accumulation are all the proposed fertilizer systems. It is proved that the application of mineral fertilizers in the combination with organic ones increases Kee indices 1.2 times.