bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Smokeless Tobacco: Pattern and Awareness in a Rural Area of Bangladesh
Authors: Zahur Tamanna , Parvin Rehana
Published: July 2023

Background: Smokeless tobacco consumption has contributed nothing except diseases, disability and death. But assessment of awareness and knowledge regarding its use has less been studied to the extent as that of smoking. The study was undertaken to assess the pattern of use and awareness of smokeless tobacco among rural community.

Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 310 respondents selected through systemic sampling method, aged 18 years, residing at least for 10 years in Noakhali district in Bangladesh. This study was conducted from May to November 2013. Data were collected with a pretested questionnaire through face-to-face interview. 

Results: Smokeless Tobacco (SLT) use was prevalent among 45.8% of respondents. Higher proportion of females than males used SLT. Zarda was the common form in more than half of the users. Among daily users, self-interest was the main factor for initiation and mean age of starting was 35 years.  Per day frequency of SLT use for 1-8 times was in two-thirds of the daily users. Most of the respondents knew that SLT is injurious to health. About two-thirds of them mentioned SLT as addictive. More than one-thirds of the respondents had knowledge that smoking is more injurious than SLT. However, 30% of the respondents knew that both smoking and SLT were equally addictive. Excluding the former users, majority of the respondents knew that SLT might be quitted.  

Conclusion: Multistage effective behavioral change intervention programs are the preferable way to overcome this lifestyle-related health problem.

JCMCTA 2022 ; 33 (1) : 166-172
Diagnostic Value of Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin in Detecting Acute Kidney Injury in Asphyxiated Term Neonates
Authors: Hossain Mohammed , Biswas Suman , Islam Md Saiful , Ullah Monir , Sultana Nahid , Hadi Fuad Md Abdul , Amin Chowdhury Muhammad Jabed Bin , Das Jagadish Chandra
Published: July 2023

Background: Neonates with Perinatal Asphyxia (PNA) are at higher risk for developing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). Conventionally, Serum Creatinine (SCr) is used to diagnose AKI but lacks specificity during the first few days of life. Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) has emerged as a novel biomarker of AKI in such situations, while its value in our setting is yet to be validated. The study aimed to evaluate the role of urinary NGAL (uNGAL) level as a predictive biomarker of AKI in term newborn infants with PNA.

Materials and methods: This prospective observational study included 55 full-term neonates with PNA from the Special Care Neonatal Unit of Chittagong Medical College Hospital.The uNGAL was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Urinary samples were obtained for uNGAL on postnatal day 1(after 6 hours), and on day 3, blood samples for sCr were obtained on postnatal day1, 3 and 6.

Results: Among 55 neonates with PNA, 20 (36.4%) had AKI. The mean ±SD uNGAL level was 97.77±17.13 ng/ml in neonates with AKI compared to 25.76±2.19 ng/ml in those without AKI in the first postnatal day. An uNGAL cutoff value of 28.86 ng/ml had 90.0% sensitivity and 82.9% specificity in predicting AKI the same day. The mean value of uNGAL was observed at a lower level, 54.53±14.72 ng/ml vs 15.17±2.18 ng/ml in AKI and no AKI neonates on third postnatal days. The cutoff value for detecting AKI was seen to be 26.43 ng/ml with high validity on this day. Significant differences in sCr were observed between AKI and no AKI measuring on days one and three, whereas the difference was not significant on day six.

Conclusion: The study showed that uNGAL might be a valuable biomarker for predicting AKI among neonates with PNA.

JCMCTA 2022 ; 33 (1) : 173-177
Achieving Professional Standard in Health Care : A Long Way to Go for Health Care in Developing Countries
Authors: Rahman Md Ridwanur
Published: July 2023

Abstract not available

JCMCTA 2022 ; 33 (1) : 1-3
Human Health Benefits From Probiotics
Authors: Moniruddin A B M
Published: July 2023

Abstract not availableKYAMC Journal Vol. 14, No. 01, April 2023: 01-03
Gallbladder Paraganglioma- A Rare Case Report
Authors: Doly Halima Khatun , Shakila Jannat  , Sayeed Bin Sharif  , Syeda Noorjahan Karim  , Md Atiqur Rahman  , ASM Akramul Islam
Published: July 2023

A 34-years-old married middle-class housewife without diabetes, hypertension or betel-nut- chewing hailing from Manikganj, Dhaka; came with the outside diagnosis as neuroendocrine tumor of the gallbladder to the Oncology Department of Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College and Hospital (KYAMCH). She was admitted in the hospital with complaints of upper abdominal pain, abdominal bloating, weakness, anorexia, nausea and heartburn while taking fatty food. According to her Ultrasonography (USG) of the abdomen, a soft tissue mass was found in the gallbladder with unremarkable routine blood examination including tumor markers. She underwent open cholecystectomy with the suspicion of cancer. Grossly, gallbladder was measures 7.0x 5.0 cm with 0.3 cm wall thickness and on opening a polypoid nodule is found. Before treatment on request from the Oncology Department of KYAMCH, all slides were reviewed and a histopathological diagnosis of paraganglioma was made on the basis of organoid, nested or lobules (Zellballen pattern) of tumor cells in the lamina propria surrounded by a prominent fibrovascular stroma. Atypical mitoses, tumor necrosis, lymphovascular or perineural invasion was not found. The IHC reveals diffuse and strong positive reactions to NSE and CD56 for chief cells and strong positive reaction to S-100 protein for sustentacular cells. The epithelial tumor was ruled out by CK negative reaction. Therefore, the diagnosis of paraganglioma of the gallbladder was established. Because of the positive reaction to sustentacular cells, the neuroendocrine tumor has been excluded. To our knowledge, this type of case has not been reported in our country. On clinical follow-up the patient was found healthy.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 14, No. 01, April 2023: 57-61
Antithyroid antibody (TPO-Ab) Status in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Alo Kamrunnahar , Safayet Ahammed  , Mahboba Rahman  , Shyamal Chandra Banik  , Kazi Shihab Uddin
Published: July 2023

Background: Presence of thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) in type 2 diabetic patients is a risk factor for future development of thyroid dysfunction.Objective: To observe thyroid antibody status in type 2 diabetic patients.Materials & Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka from July 2016 to June 2017. Total 60 subjects including  male and female, age ranged from 40 to 60 years were included in this study, among them 30 were non-diabetic subjects and 30 were type 2 diabetic patients.Results: In this study, mean serum TPO-Ab level was significantly (<0.01) higher in diabetic subjects in comparison to that of apparently healthy non-diabetic subjects and  mean serum TPO-Ab level was higher in uncontrolled diabetic subjects in comparison to that of controlled diabetic subjects but the difference is not statistically significant. However, On the other hand, among the diabetic patients 6.67% had positive TPO-Ab whereas, among the uncontrolled diabetic patients 11.76% had positive TPO-Ab. There was no correlation between TPO-Ab and HbA1c.Conclusion: The present study reveals that TPO-Ab may present in type 2 diabetic patients.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 14, No. 01, April 2023: 35-38
The Pregnancy Outcome in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Most Nasrin Nigger  , Sheuly Akhter  , Ummul Nusrat Jahan  , Aeysha Begum
Published: July 2023

Background: In women of reproductive age, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine condition. Menstrual irregularities (oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea), hirsutism, persistent acne, androgen-dependent alopecia, abdominal obesity, hypertension, and infertility are all clinical signs of PCOS.Objective: To assess the success of pregnancy in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.Materials and Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College and Hospital, Enayetpur, Sirajganj, Bangladesh from June 2020 to May 2022 for a period of two years. Women diagnosed with PCOS were willing to participate in our study were recruited from obstetrics Out patient Department (OPD) and antenatal ward of Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College and Hospital. After obtaining an informed consent from them, a detailed interview schedule containing socio- demographic details, menstrual/marital/ obstetric/past/personal/ family history was taken.Results: Concerning complications Preeclampsia was found in 5 (9.1%) of the PCOS patients but not in the non-PCOS patients. The differences in gestational age and mode of birth between the two groups were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Perinatal outcome: 21 (39.6%) PCOS patients were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), compared to 11 (20.0%) non-PCOS patients. Which of the two groups was statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusion: The present study suggested that preeclampsia is a relatively common condition, and complications such gestational hyperglycemia, gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia were frequent in the PCOS group. In comparison to the non-PCOS group, the PCOS group had considerably greater rates of low birth weight and NICU admission.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 14, No. 01, April 2023: 30-34
Outcome of Febrile Neutropenia in Children with Cancer: Experience from a Tertiary Health Care Center
Authors: Md Imrul Kaes  , Afiqul Islam  , Chowdhury Yakub Jamal  , Mousumi Saha  , Indira Chowdhury
Published: July 2023

Background: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a serious event in children with cancer; associated with various complications and mentionable adverse outcome.Objective: To identify the outcome of febrile neutropenia in children with cancer.Materials and methods: This prospective observational study was conducted from October 2017 to November 2018 in the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, BSMMU. Children (age<18years) with malignancy who were admitted with febrile neutropenia or admitted patients who had developed febrile neutropenia onward were enrolled in this study. Finally, the outcome of each episode of FN was analyzed.Results: Total of 61 patients with 68 febrile neutropenic episodes were studied. Male patients were 62.29% and female patients were 37.70% with a mean age of 7 years. Majority were ALL (50.8%) followed by AML (29.5%), NHL (11.4 %) and solid tumor (8.1%). Bacterial infection was confirmed by culture in 14.7% episodes, 11.7% episodes had positive blood culture. Most of the isolated organisms were gram-negative (90%). Cough (39.7%), bleeding (19%) and diarrhea (17.64%) were the common clinical manifestations in those febrile neutropenic episodes. The mean duration of neutropenia was 9 days, 55.88% of episodes had prolonged neutropenia. Profound neutropenia was recorded in 47 % episodes and significantly associated with adverse outcome. Age ≥10 years also significantly associated with adverse outcome. The treatment success rate was achieved in76.4 % of episodes.  A composite adverse event was observed in 23.52% of episodes; with mortality in 11.76%.Conclusion: Febrile neutropenia was a common complication in hematological malignancy. Although 76.4% episodes of febrile neutropenia had been treated successfully, mortality was significantly higher 11.76%. Profound neutropenia and age ≥10 were significant risk factors for dreadful outcome.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 14, No. 01, April 2023: 07-10
Frequency of Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Children presented with Recurrent Abdominal Pain in Northern part of Bangladesh
Authors: Ghosh Uzzal Kumar , Md Imrul Kaes  , Satabdi Ghosh  , Mosammat Afroza Jinnat  , Chandan Kumar Saha  , Md Zulfikar Ali
Published: July 2023

Background: Abdominal pain is one of the common symptoms in hospital attended children. Recurrent abdominal pain also is a challenge to diagnosis. Although the most common etiology of recurrent abdominal pain is functional, organic treatable cause exclusion is justified. Peptic ulcer disease is one of the causes of recurrent abdominal pain; whereas association of Helicobacter Pylori is not so uncommon.Objective: To find out the frequency of H Pylori infection in children presented with recurrent abdominal pain.Materials and methods: A cross sectional was study done in Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College located in northern part of Bangladesh. One hundred eight recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) cases were included in our study. Along with the other investigations ICT for H Pylori was sent to find out the etiology of recurrent abdominal pain in children attending in outpatient and inpatient department of pediatrics. RAP were our study population (N).  H Pylori positive & H Pylori negative test results were included in data sheet. Demographic characteristics were noted among the H pylori positive cases (n) including age, sex and socioeconomic condition. Data were analyzed in Microsoft Excel.Results: Among the 108 RAP cases H Pylori infection were found 37(34.25%) by diagnostic test ICT for H. pylori. Out of 37(34.26%) H pylori positive children 21(56.76%) were male 16(43.24%) were female. Children aged 7 to 9 year constituted 6(16.21%), 10 to12 year 12(32.43%), 13 to 15 year 19(51.36%). Twenty six (70.27%) belonged to rural area and 11 (29.73%) belonged to urban area. Low income family 28(75.68%), medium income family 5(13.51%) and high income family were found 4(10.81%).Conclusion: About thirty five percent H Pylori infection are found in children presented with recurrent abdominal pain in northern part of Bangladesh among the seven to fifteen year child.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 14, No. 01, April 2023: 04-06
Risk Factors for the Musculoskeletal Pain Based on the Computer Ergonomics Related Practices among Medical Professionals
Authors: Abu Saleh Mohammad Mainul Hasan  , Md Israt Hasan  , Mohammed Emran  , Muzahidul Islam Mollah Mohammad , Tulshi Chandra Saha  , MD Abdullah Al Mamun
Published: July 2023

Background: With The fast growing world, in Bangladesh also getting increased usage of digital connectivity has led to a rise in online activities and also rise in the musculoskeletal (MSK) pain among the professionals.Objective: We investigating the relationship between MSK pain and discomfort among resident doctors because of computer ergonomics related issues.Materials and Methods: The study collected computer ergonomics related information from 227 resident doctors who had used computer for at least one year. Along with descriptive statistical tools, this study addressed essential test of hypothesis and administered a binary logistic regression model to identify the risk factors of MSK pain among resident doctors.Results: The prevalence of neck pain and lower back pain was estimated over 50% whereas more than one-third faced pain in one or both eyes as well as in their upper back. The different sorts of ergonomics significantly associated with different types of MSK pain. The faculty type- taking break, awkward posture, the shoulder placement had significant impact on the pain in one or both eyes. Besides, having gap between leg and seat as well as monitor placement were the significant predictor of neck pain. In addition, wrist not straightening was not the only risk factor for lower back pain and faculty type, device type, gap between legs and seat, Not having an armrest were the risk factors for upper back pain.Conclusion: The computer ergonomics related practices are the fundamental codes for the medical professionals to avoid MSK pain and hence specific practice safeguards for specific pains.

KYAMC Journal Vol. 14, No. 01, April 2023: 19-24
Effects of Physical Exercise on Urinary Albumin-Creatinine Ratio and Blood Pressure in Type 2 Diabetic Male with Microalbuminuria
Authors: Mahaboba Rahman  , Kamrunnahar Alo  , Kazi Shihab Uddin  , Shyamal Chandra Banik  , Farjana Ahmed
Published: July 2023

Background: Microalbuminuria is a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. Physical exercise has effects on urinaryalbumin-creatinine ratio and blood pressure in type 2 diabetic male with microalbuminuria.Objective: To assess the effects of physical exercise on urinary albumin-creatinine ratio and blood pressure in type 2 diabetic male with microalbuminuria.Materials and Methods: This prospective interventional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC), Dhaka between 1st July 2015 and 30th June 2016. Total thirty (30) type 2 diabetic male with newly diagnosed microalbuminuria (urinary albumin-creatinine ratio 30-299 mg/g), age ranged from 45 to 60 years were selected by purposive consecutive sampling from Out Patient Department of Endocrinology, Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka. Previously prescribed oral hypoglycemic and antihypertensive drugs were maintained, and the participants were instructed not to change their diet habits during the study period. All the participants were asked to perform moderate aerobic physical exercise, consisting of 30-40 minutes walking/day, 5 days/week, at an intensity of 50-70% of maximum heart rate (HRmax) for a total duration of 90 days. All the subjects were studied two times: before performing physical exercise i.e. on day-1 (Phase A) and after performing physical exercise for 90 days i.e. on day-91 (Phase B). Urinary creatinine level was estimated by fix time kinetic method and urinary albumin level was estimated by immunometric assay method. Urinary albumin-creatinine ratio was measured by calculation. Moreover, blood pressure was also measured. For statistical analysis, paired sample “t” test was performed.Results: In this study, urinary albumin-creatinine ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly (p<0.001) decreased in type 2 diabetic male with microalbuminuria after performing physical exercise for 90 days in comparison to those of their pre exercise values.Conclusion: From this study it may be concluded that, physical exercise significantly decreased urinary albumin-creatinine ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure in type 2 diabetic male with microalbuminuria.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 14, No. 01, April 2023: 25-29
Study of Fetal Outcome in Preeclampsia and Eclampsia Syndrome
Authors: Farhana Rahman  , Mushtaq Ahmad  , Mousumi Ahmed  , Nazma Afroze  , Md Zubaidur Rahman
Published: July 2023

Background: Preeclampsia and eclampsia syndrome is one of the commonest medical disorders of females. The neonatal outcome is different from the normal pregnancy due to this disorder. It includes- stillbirth, low birth weight, asphyxia, and prematurity.Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the fetal outcomes in different groups of preeclampsia and eclampsiasyndrome.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, (BIRDEM) General Hospital, Dhaka, from July 2019 to June 2021. The study comprised 138 clinically diagnosed preeclampsia and eclampsia syndrome cases from the Department of Gynecology & Obstetric of BIRDEM and DMCH. Out of 138 cases, there were 42 cases of mild preeclampsia (mild PE), 62 were of severe preeclampsia (severe PE), and 33 were eclampsia. Relevant data and pregnancy outcome (neonatal birth weight, maturity, Apgar score, and stillbirth), were observed and recorded in a predesigned data collection sheet and statistical analyses were carried out. Ethical practice was ensured in every step of the study.Results: Among 138 cases, the mean birth weight was (2.12±0.57) kg, which was observed in the mild preeclamptic group, and the mean birth weight was (1.52±0.47) kg found in the eclamptic group. A low Apgar score (score˂7) was mainly observed in the severe PE (77.8%) followed by (84.8%) in eclampsia group. More than half of the cases were revealed stillbirth (54.4%) as the neonatal outcome in eclampsia group. A statistically significant difference was found among three groups regarding pregnancy outcome (neonatal birth weight, maturity, stillbirth, etc.).Conclusion: Majority of the fetal complications were related to the severity and duration of the preeclampsia and eclampsia syndrome.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 14, No. 01, April 2023: 39-42
Demographic Diseases Pattern in the ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Outpatient Department of A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Abdus Salam  , Rezwan Ahmed  , Md Asaduzzaman  , Md Mahbub Alam  , Rafi Ahmed  , Fazle Elahi Jonaed
Published: July 2023

Background: The distribution of diseases in society varies across communities and geographical places. Diseases of the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) pose severe public health issues in both rural and urban populations.Objective: To determine the demographic disease pattern in the ENT and Head and Neck Surgery (HNS) Out Patient Department(OPD).Materials and Methods: This retrospective study is based on patient’s medical records who attended the Out Patient Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College and Hospital (KYAMCH). The study records covered 2312 patients who visited the Out Patient Department from September 2019 to August 2020 were included in this study.Results: Study of patients in light of their diagnoses of chronic tonsillitis in 367 (15.87%), followed by chronic pharyngitis affected 347 (15.01%) patients, allergic rhinitis in 135 (5.74%), acute/chronic adenotonsillitis with otitis media with effusion in 133 (5.75%), and otitis externa in 123 (5.32%) individuals. In a broad heading, if the tonsils are mainly affected, it’s called tonsillitis; if the throat is mainly affected, it’s called pharyngitis.Conclusion: High prevalence of chronic tonsillitis and pharyngitis among ENT illnesses. The most prevalent ENT conditions include chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM/COM) 11.63%, allergic rhinitis, acute and chronic adenotonsillitis, otitis media with effusion (OME), otitis externa and acute tonsillitis.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 14, No. 01, April 2023: 43-47
Vibrio fluvialis: An Emerging Pathogen for Intestinal and Extraintestinal Infections
Authors: Quazi Manjurul Haque  , Md Arifur Rahman  , Abdullah Akhtar Ahmed  , Md Zulfikar Ali
Published: July 2023

The genus Vibrio is a ubiquitous group of bacteria belonging in the family Vibrionaceae. More than 100 species have been discovered in the genus Vibrio and about 14 of them have been reported to cause several human infections. Vibrio fluvialis, a member of this group is widely distributed in the aquatic environment, mostly in the seas, brackish waters and coastal zones.1 V. fluvialis is a pathogenic bacterium more commonly found in coastal areas. It causes diarrhea and enterocolitis and a significant number of extra intestinal infections. Due to increasing number of infections, it is considered as an emerging pathogen.1 Though this pathogen can be easily isolated by conventional staining and culture methods along with the biochemical properties, its identification is considered as a challenging problem due to its close phenotypic similarity of this species either with other vibrios and Aeromonas spp. By using automated BD Phoenix M50 techniques, it has become easier to identify V. fluvialis from clinical and different environmental samples. In this system biochemical properties of different 45 substrates are used to observe their fermentation reactions. Automated identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test systems are essential for modern clinical microbiology laboratories for rapid identification and proper selection of effective antibiotics. Several virulence factors of V. fluvialis have been identified.2 The rule and mechanisms of action of these virulent factors causing pathogenesis and infection are yet to be clarified. In this review article, the epidemiology, identification, pathogenicity, intra- and extra-intestinal clinical features and management of V. fluvialis infections have been focused.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 14, No. 01, April 2023: 48-53
Musculoskeletal Disorders among Traditional Bangladeshi Fishermen
Authors: Mohammed Emran  , Md Israt Hasan  , Taufiq Morshed  , Syed Mozaffar Ahmed
Published: July 2023

Background: Fishing is one of the most important economic activities in riverine Bangladesh. We studied musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among Bangladeshi fishermen which is generally high.Objective: To study patterns and extend of MSDs among Bangladeshi fishermen.Materials and Methods: A total 150 fishermen enrolled with at least six months employment history attended at out-patient department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College and Hospital of Sirajganj district, Bangladesh, in this cross-sectional study using a random sampling procedure. The Nordic Questionnaire was used to assess work-related musculoskeletal disorders. To determine the significance of age, BMI and working experience with pain and discomfort in different regions of the body, Pearson Correlation test was done.Results: Musculoskeletal disorder among fishermen due to extreme physical demand during the hauling of fishing nets on the raft in Jamuna River and its tributaries with the prevalence significantly higher. All body region were affected by musculoskeletal problems, among them the highest prevalence found in lower back and lowest in upper back (37.3%) region. There were significant associations of age with wrist pain (P=0.039), lower back pain (0.025) and knee pain (0.021). There was no significant association of BMI with any pain or discomfort. Total working experience of fishermen had significant association with pain or discomfort within last 12 months in shoulder (p=0.008), wrist (0.023), lower back (0.022) and knee (0.001).Conclusion: Long hours of fishing in a traditional fishing boat with age-old equipments adopting inconvenient ergonomic posture can lead high prevalence of musculoskeletal problems among fishermen.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 14, No. 01, April 2023: 11-15
Sistem Informasi Geografis Pemetaan Lokasi Tempat Pembuangan Sampah Legal di Sukabumi
Authors: Novriansyah Muhammad Aldi , Simatupang Dwi Sartika , Sujjada Alun
Published: July 2023

Salah satu masalah lingkungan yang memerlukan pengelolaan yang baik dan efisien adalah sampah. Adanya TPS ilegal atau penyalahgunaan tempat pembuangan sampah merupakan isu yang mendesak dalam upaya menjaga kebersihan dan kesehatan lingkungan di Sukabumi. Maka dilakukanlah penelitian yang ditujukan untuk membangun Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) yang memetakan lokasi TPS legal di Kota dan Kabupaten Sukabumi. Pada pembangunannya sistem ini menggunakan metode pengembangan Waterfall, meliputi langkah-langkah, analisa kebutuhan, perancangan, pengumpulan data, implementasi, dan pengujian. Sistem ini menggunakan Mapbox untuk pemetaannya yang memungkinkan pengguna untuk melihat, mencari, menampilkan rute dan memvisualisasikan data lokasi, juga dilakukan pengujian menggunakan metode pengujian Black Box, dan pengujian responsif pada website, dan menghasilkan semua fitur berfungsi dengan baik, dan tampilan yang responsif pada berbagai perangkat dan ukuran layar. Sistem yang dibangun dalam penelitian ini dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam pengelolaan sampah di Sukabumi dan dapat membantu pengambilan keputusan yang lebih efisien dalam pemetaan lokasi TPS legal di Sukabumi.
Frequency and Characteristics of Paraclinoid Aneurysm in Ruptured Cerebral Aneurysms
Authors: Shigematsu Hideaki , Yokota Kazuma , Hirayama Akihiro , Sorimachi Takatoshi
Published: July 2023

Objective : This study aimed to determine the frequency of paraclinoid aneurysms among ruptured cerebral aneurysms and compare paraclinoid aneurysms with other aneurysms to clarify the characteristics of ruptured paraclinoid aneurysms.Methods : This study included 970 ruptured cerebral aneurysms treated at our hospital between 2003 and 2020.Results : There were 15 cases (1.3%) of paraclinoid aneurysms with maximum diameters of 5–22 mm (mean±standard deviation [SD], 11.6±5.4 mm). Treatment consisted of clipping in four patients and endovascular treatment in 11. Factors significantly different in multivariate analysis for paraclinoid aneurysms compared with those for other aneurysms were a history of hypertension (odds ratio [OR], 1.2–9.8; p=0.021) and aneurysm ≥10 mm (OR, 7.5–390.3; p<0.001). The sites of paraclinoid aneurysm were ophthalmic artery type in nine patients, anterior wall type in five, medial wall type in one, and ventral wall type in zero. The medial wall type (22 mm) was significantly larger than the ophthalmic artery type (mean±SD, 7.2±2.0 mm) (p=0.003), and the anterior wall type (mean±SD, 12.2±4.8 mm) was significantly larger than the ophthalmic artery type (p=0.024).Conclusion : This study showed a low frequency of paraclinoid aneurysms among ruptured cerebral aneurysms. Most were upward-facing with relatively large aneurysms, and no aneurysms were smaller than 5 mm. With recent advances in endovascular treatment devices, paraclinoid aneurysms are easily treatable. However, the treatment indication of each paraclinoid aneurysm should be carefully considered.
Recent Trends in the Withdrawal of Life-Sustaining Treatment in Patients with Acute Cerebrovascular Disease : 2017–2021
Authors: Kim Seung Hwan , Jang Ji Hwan , Kim Young Zoon , Kim Kyu Hong , Nam Taek Min
Published: July 2023

Objective : The Act on Life-Sustaining Treatment (LST) decisions for end-of-life patients has been effective since February 2018. An increasing number of patients and their families want to withhold or withdraw from LST when medical futility is expected. This study aimed to investigate the status of the Act on LST decisions for patients with acute cerebrovascular disease at a single hospital.Methods : Between January 2017 and December 2021, 227 patients with acute cerebrovascular diseases, including hemorrhagic stroke (n=184) and ischemic stroke (n=43), died at the hospital. The study period was divided into the periods before and after the Act.Results : The duration of hospitalization decreased after the Act was implemented compared to before (15.9±16.1 vs. 11.2±18.6 days, p=0.127). The rate of obtaining consent for the LST plan tended to increase after the Act (139/183 [76.0%] vs. 27/44 [61.4%], p=0.077). Notably, none of the patients made an LST decision independently. Ventilator withdrawal was more frequently performed after the Act than before (52/183 [28.4%] vs. 0/44 [0%], p<0.001). Conversely, the rate of organ donation decreased after the Act was implemented (5/183 [2.7%] vs. 6/44 [13.6%], p=0.008). Refusal to undergo surgery was more common after the Act was implemented than before (87/149 [58.4%] vs. 15/41 [36.6%], p=0.021) among the 190 patients who required surgery.Conclusion : After the Act on LST decisions was implemented, the rate of LST withdrawal increased in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease. However, the decision to withdraw LST was made by the patient’s family rather than the patient themselves. After the execution of the Act, we also observed an increased rate of refusal to undergo surgery and a decreased rate of organ donation. The Act on LST decisions may reduce unnecessary treatments that prolong end-of-life processes without a curative effect. However, the widespread application of this law may also reduce beneficial treatments and contribute to a decline in organ donation.
Tanzimat Dönemi Osmanlı Devleti’nde Siyasi İktidar Düzenine İsyan (Bağy) Suçunun Görünümü
Authors: AYDIN Melikşah
Published: July 2023

Bağy suçu İslam hukukundaki suç türleri içinde en önemli olanlardandır. Çünkü bu suç doğrudan siyasi iktidar düzenine yönelik bir suçtur. Siyasi düzeni değiştirmek isteyen belli sayıdaki bir grup kimsenin işleyebileceği bu suç ile, siyasi iktidar düzenini değiştirmek veya ortadan kaldırmak amaçlanmaktadır. İslam hukuku kitaplarında bağy suçunun unsurları belirlenirken isyan eden kimselerin belli bir sayıya ulaşan bir topluluk olması, isyancıların siyasi iktidar düzeni ile ilgili değiştirmek veya ortadan kaldırmak gibi bir amaçlarının yani tevillerini olması ve isyancıların bir örgüt yapısı içinde belirli bir güce sahip olmaları (menea) olmak üzer üç temel unsur ön plana çıkmıştır. Tanzimat dönemine kadar devlete yönelik suçlarda katı tutumunu sürdüren Osmanlı devleti, Tanzimat dönemindeki kanunlaştırma faaliyetleri ile isyan suçuna verilen cezaları sistematik halde ceza kanunlarına almışlardır. Klasik dönemde de devlete isyan eden kimselere verilecek cezalar ile ilgili hükümler bulunsa da Tanzimat döneminde yapılan, Batılı kanunlar gibi sistematik ve maddeler halinde düzenlenen ceza kanunlarında, aslında klasik dönemdeki kanunnamelerdeki hükümler genel anlamıyla korunmuştur. Öyle ki, devlete veya devlet başkanına isyan fiilinde bulunan kimselere yani isyancılara klasik devirde siyaseten katl yani ölüm cezası veriliyorken, Tanzimat dönemindeki kanunlarda bu ceza asılarak veya kurşuna dizilere idam adı altında aynen korunmuştur. Bu çalışmayı bağy suçu ile ilgili diğer çalışmalardan ayıran nokta Osmanlı Devleti’nin Tanzimat Dönemini ele alan tek müstakil çalışma olmasıdır.
Considerações sobre a filosofia "no-post" em dentes tratados endodonticamente: Revisão de literatura
Authors: Januzzi Marcella Santos , Gandolfo Maria Isabela Lopes , Mazaro José Vitor Quinelli , Zavanelli Ricardo Alexandre , Zavanelli Adriana Cristina
Published: July 2023

A restauração de dentes tratados endodonticamente com grandes perdas de estrutura dentária é um verdadeiro desafio para a Odontologia, visto a necessidade de utilização de materiais com capacidade de ampliar o suporte coronário e impedir a propagação de fraturas. Recentemente, uma mudança sobre o uso de retentores intrarradiculares vem surgindo, criando um novo conceito “no post”, a partir da utilização de compósitos resinosos reforçados por fibras de vidro. O objetivo desta revisão consiste em explorar na literatura se o material, representado pela EverX Posterior (GC), apresenta alguma vantagem de uso em comparação com os outros materiais já descritos para a restauração de dentes tratados endodonticamente. A busca foi realizada nas principais bases de dados, PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science, resultando em 163 artigos. Após a exclusão de duplicatas e leitura na íntegra, 14 artigos in vitro e 1 artigo clínico foram incluídos na versão final de análise. Com relação aos dados encontrados, o novo biomaterial apresentou maior resistência à fratura em dentes posteriores na maioria dos estudos avaliados, exceto em comparação com as restaurações indiretas, principalmente do tipo endocrown. Em comparação com as restaurações diretas, a EverX Posterior, em “bicamada”, funcionou como um reforço para distribuição de forças e com propriedades melhoradas na presença de ranhuras retentivas. Já para os retentores intrarradiculares, o novo biomaterial também garantiu uma melhora do comportamento mecânico, semelhante à comparação feita para as fibras de polietileno e de vidro. Desse modo, novos estudos clínicos devem ser feitos para comprovar as considerações sobre essa filosofia.
Benefícios do CPAP em um indivíduo com síndrome da apneia-hipopneia obstrutiva do sono e síndrome de Tourette associado com a obesidade
Authors: Amaral Amanda Ellen Gomes , Kaybers Tais , Ferreira Marden Junio Sousa , Esteves Gabriel Pereira , Azevedo Francielle Vieira de , Leite Maeli Marinho , Oliveira Letícia Pedroso de
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: Neste estudo analisamos o benefício da utilização do CPAP em um indivíduo jovem com obesidade concomitantemente com síndrome de Tourette e síndrome da apneia-hipopneia obstrutiva do sono. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de caso, com abordagem quantitativa. O participante realizou exame polissonográfico noturno pré-teste e pós teste da aplicação do CPAP com média de mais de 6 horas por noite em 21 dias de avaliação. Realizou preenchimento de dados em uma ficha, criada pelos autores que contém dados gerais, escala de sonolência de Epworth e escala de tiques (YGTSS) e dados das polissonografias. A pesquisa é aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Os resultados mostram relevância significativa quanto ao progresso na melhora da arquitetura do sono, redução dos eventos respiratórios e despertares, melhora do estado de alerta pontuado pela escala de Epworth. Conclusão: Desse modo, os resultados sugerem e pontuam os benefícios e a possibilidade da utilização de CPAP noturno como terapêutica na eficiência do sono para pacientes com diagnóstico de síndrome de Tourette e síndrome de apneia-hipopneia do sono.
Análise do perfil epidemiológico e da qualidade de vida em pacientes após procedimento de implante transcateter de valva aórtica (TAVI) em município do oeste paranaense
Authors: Campaner Louise Bergo , Dallazen Anderson Roberto , Almeida Rui Manuel de Sousa Sequeira Antunes de
Published: July 2023

Introdução: A estenose aórtica é uma coronariopatia caracterizada pelo estreitamento da valva aórtica, a qual, se não tratada, progride ao longo tempo e se torna sintomática, podendo culminar com insuficiência cardíaca e, por fim, óbito. O tratamento padrão é a cirurgia cardíaca aberta. No entanto, surgiu recentemente uma técnica alternativa menos invasiva. Tal inovação consiste no implante transcateter da valva aórtica (TAVI). Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes que foram submetidos ao procedimento do TAVI nas redes hospitalares de Cascavel-PR. Material e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional de natureza descritiva, transversal e retrospectivo, o qual coletou informações subjetivas a respeito da qualidade de vida dos pacientes entrevistados antes e após a realização do procedimento. Resultados: 26 pacientes foram incluídos na amostra. Assim, 22.7% relataram apresentar algum sintoma de impedimento nas atividades do dia a dia antes do procedimento. Após o procedimento, 36.4% afirmam se sentirem muito satisfeitos e 59.1%, satisfeitos. Sobre os sintomas, 50% referiram melhora muito importante; 36.4% afirmaram melhora significativa. Considerações finais: Portanto, a maioria dos pacientes entrevistados apresentaram um desfecho favorável, referindo melhora da qualidade de vida. Ainda assim, torna-se necessário que mais estudos analisem a evolução desses pacientes prospectivamente para melhor esclarecimento de eventuais complicações e de outros fatores associados.
Surgical complexity score as a predictor of surgical site infection in dentoalveolar surgeries
Authors: Furlanetto Amália Pletsch , Guidolin Leandro Rios , Quevedo Alexandre Silva de , Quevedo Daniela Müller de , Puricelli Edela , Ponzoni Deise
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Postoperative surgical site infections represent one of the most frequent complications related to health care and can increase morbidity and mortality, in addition to increasing treatment costs. Objectives: This study evaluated surgical site infections incidence after dentoalveolar surgeries of retained third molars. The article presents the development of a surgical complexity score that can be used as a predictive method for surgical site infections risk in dentoalveolar surgeries. Methodology: In this cross-sectional observational study, the sample was obtained for convenience, from medical records of patients diagnosed with tooth retention and who underwent dentoalveolar surgery of third molars, from 2015 to 2020. Demographic variables of patients, characteristics of the surgery and information regarding the diagnosis of surgical site infections in the postoperative period were collected. Results: A total of 360 medical records were analyzed, with 59 surgical site infection cases diagnosed (16.4%).  There was a statistical difference (p<0.05) in the bivariate analysis correlating infection with time of procedure, type of incision and performance of ostectomy and tooth sectioning. Logistic regression analysis to identify the probability of infection showed no significance for any of the individual variables, except when they are combined composing the surgical complexity score, which was then significantly higher in surgical site infections cases. Conclusions: The surgical complexity score developed can be a new predictive tool for the occurrence of surgical site infections in dentoalveolar surgeries, taking into account that the greater the complexity of surgery, the greater risk.
Benefícios da implementação de um sistema de treinamento de ensino a distância para mecânicos de manutenção
Authors: Silva Lucas do Couto , Silva Eric Valero Carvalho da
Published: July 2023

Com a crescente demanda por serviços mecânicos em todo o mundo, a importância da capacitação e do treinamento adequados para mecânicos tornou-se cada vez mais evidente. No entanto, muitas empresas do ramo ainda enfrentam dificuldades em contratar profissionais qualificados e nem sempre são capazes de fornecer um treinamento de qualidade devido à falta de tempo e recursos. Através de um estudo de caso, este trabalho visa evidenciar os benefícios da utilização de uma plataforma EAD, alimentada com vídeos e imagens e documentos de manutenções realizadas em equipamentos mecânicos com a finalidade de melhorar a qualidade do aprendizado da mão de obra recém-contratada da empresa, potencializando a médio e longo prazo os resultados de produção. O estudo apresenta a implementação de uma plataforma para qualificar o colaborador egresso. Com isso, nota-se que este método é uma maneira eficiente de potencializar o treinamento dos mecânicos, já que eles teriam acesso a distância, a um banco de dados com informações importantes do trabalho que seria realizado por ele posteriormente, permitindo ao profissional conhecer os obstáculos na manutenção, diminuindo a taxa de erros no processo, visando o ganho de tempo e aumento da produção.
Função da comissão de controle de infecção hospitalar nos casos de bactérias multirresistentes
Authors: Sampaio Leonardo Alves , Silva Hudson Carlos Domingos da , Carmo Thalita Gomes do
Published: July 2023

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a função da comissão de controle de infecção Hospitalar nos casos de bactérias multirresistentes. Métodos: Revisão bibliográfica, realizada entre os meses de setembro a dezembro de 2018. A busca pelos artigos foi realizada nas bases de dados Scielo, Lilacs, PubMed e Ibecs. Foram escolhidos os descritores “Infecção Hospitalar” e “bactérias multirresistentes”. Resultados: Os gestores das instituições devem estar cientes da problemática, uma vez que eles não prestam um cuidado direto ao paciente, porém fornecem subsídios para a prática acontecer e são responsáveis também pela realização de um bom trabalho no ambiente hospitalar, prevenindo e controlando as infecções de forma indireta. Conclusão: Os programas de controle de infecção hospitalar para serem eficazes devem atender ao mínimo estabelecido pelas legislações, tendo em seu escopo, ações como sistema de coleta, administração, análise e comunicação dos dados com plano de melhoria contínua; políticas e procedimentos formais; e programas de estudos, educação e treinamento.
Ensino e aprendizagem em Geografia: a Cartografia e o Sensoriamento Remoto como recursos didáticos e tecnológicos para o Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Lopes Francysco Renato Antunes , Vieira Valdira de Caldas Brito , Morais Reurysson Chagas de Sousa
Published: July 2023

A pesquisa abordou a Cartografia e o Sensoriamento Remoto como recursos didáticos e tecnológicos no ensino fundamental, voltados para o ensino e a aprendizagem na disciplina de Geografia. O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar a Cartografia e o Sensoriamento Remoto como recursos didáticos para o ensino e aprendizagem em Geografia no Ensino Fundamental. A construção metodológica utilizou a pesquisa exploratória quanto aos objetivos, utilizando procedimento de pesquisa bibliográfica de assuntos relacionados a Cartografia, Geoprocessamento e Geografia. Se concluiu que as geotecnologias presentes em computadores e especialmente nos celulares são relevantes para os alunos compreenderem suas localizações e as dinâmicas espaciais na cidade, contribuindo para a aplicabilidade de conceitos da ciência geográfica.
Perfil epidemiológico de óbitos por síndrome da angústia respiratória aguda no Brasil
Authors: Santos Bruna Carolyne Cavalcanti , Lima Dara Laís de , Alves Gabriel Muller da Silva , Mello Leonardo Phellipe Ezequiel de , Vaz Maria Vitória da Silva , Rocha Raquel Sousa , Souza Iara Tainá Cordeiro de
Published: July 2023

A síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo (SDRA) se trata da causa mais comum de desconforto respiratório em recém-nascidos (RNs). Sendo responsável por óbitos de inúmeros indivíduos dessa população. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o quantitativo de óbitos em recém-nascidos entre os anos de 2010 a 2020. O presente estudo trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico desenvolvido através da coleta de dados secundários no sistema de informação DATASUS. Foram consideradas para o estudo as variáveis: região, idade do RN, tipo de parto, tipo de gravidez e tempo de gestação. As análises descritivas foram realizadas através da ferramenta SPSS versão 22.0 (IBM SPSS Corp., Armonk, NY). Para a sumarização dos dados, foram calculadas as médias, o desvio padrão, frequência absoluta e relativa. Os resultados apontam maior prevalência de mortes na região sudeste, em RNs do sexo masculino, com idade inferior a 6 dias, nascidos de parto vaginal, gravidez única e tempo de gestação entre 22 a 27 semanas. De modo geral estes dados sugerem que algumas variáveis podem estar relacionadas com a morte dos indivíduos. Ademais, estudos comprovam ainda que a fisioterapia através de suas técnicas respiratórias pode ser importante para a diminuição de complicações de morte desses RNs.
Desenvolvimento de protocolo para o cuidado de enfermagem a familiares de pacientes internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva
Authors: Almeida Vanessa Sena de , Batista Karla de Melo , Gouvêa Áquila Lopes , Massaroni Leila , Bringuente Maria Edla de Oliveira
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: descrever o desenvolvimento de um protocolo para o cuidado de enfermagem a familiares de pacientes internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Metodologia: estudo metodológico com produção tecnológica, fundamentado na filosofia do Cuidado Centrado na Família e na Política Nacional de Humanização, desenvolvido em três etapas: Revisão de literatura; Construção de Protocolo de Cuidados a família de pacientes internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva; e 3) Validação do conteúdo da tecnologia por 15 juízes enfermeiros, expertises na área, utilizando o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo – IVC. Resultados e discussão:  após o processo de validação, o IVC global do protocolo foi de 0,87, alcançando o nível de concordância equivalente ao determinado pelo índice. A versão final do protocolo inclui tem em sua composição: dois fluxogramas de cuidado, uma ficha de admissão da família na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, um quadro de orientação com as intervenções necessárias para atendimento das necessidades dos familiares dos pacientes em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Considerações Finais: A tecnologia desenvolvida serve como direcionador das ações do enfermeiro, frente à admissão do binômio paciente-família e uniformização das boas práticas assistenciais já consolidadas visando o cuidado à família na UTI. Além disso, poderá influenciar mudanças no planejamento e implementação de práticas voltadas para o acolhimento e humanização do ambiente frente à necessidade de fortalecer a presença da família no processo de hospitalização do familiar.