bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A CLINICAL CASE OF AORTIC COARCTATION IN A CHILD COMPLICATED BY ISCHEMIC STROKE
Authors:   Astrakhan State Medical University, SAGITOVA GULNARA R. , TKACHEV IVAN V. ,   Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, ANTONOVA ALYONA A ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, DAVYDOVA OKSANA V. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Aortic coarctation is a congenital defect of the cardiovascular system characterized by narrowing in the isthmus of the aorta, in which blood flow through the narrowed area is obstructed, blood pressure in the aorta increases significantly above the narrowing site, arterial hypertension syndrome develops, which can lead to a stroke. Aim. To analyze a clinical case of aortic coarctation, first detected in a 4.5-year-old child, and late- diagnosed arterial hypertension led to an ischemic stroke. Material and methods. The boy D., at the age of 4.5 years, was admitted to the hospital at the place of residence with symptoms of a stroke on the background of complete well-being. Echocardiography, electrocardiography, magnetic resonance and computed tomography of the brain, computed tomography of the chest organs with contrast, aortography, and manometry were performed. Results and discussion. The crisis course of arterial hypertension resistant to therapy was objectively noted. Echocardiography revealed coarctation of the aorta in a typical place, the defect was confirmed on computed tomography of the chest organs with contrast, on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain – extensive ischemic stroke of the right hemisphere. The early post-stroke period, post-ischemic changes in the brain made it difficult to choose cardiac surgery tactics, but given the lack of response to hypotensive therapy, it was decided to operate, resection of the narrowed aortic area with the formation of an end-to-end anastomosis was performed. Observation in the postoperative period (after 2 years) revealed hypoplasia of the distal part of the aortic arch, repeated surgery was not performed, since angiography with manometry showed a sufficient pressure gradient between the ascending and descending aorta. Currently, the child is on constant hypotensive therapy, is disabled due to neurological pathology. Conclusion. The lack of alertness of doctors regarding aortic coarctation and blood pressure monitoring did not allow early suspicion of this pathology and led to the appearance of ischemic stroke in the child, irreversible changes in the nervous system, made it difficult to choose cardiac surgery tactics.
CORRECTION OF FIFTH TOE DEFORMITY OF THE FOOT
Authors:   Irkutsk Science Centre of Surgery and Traumatology, LEONOVA SVETLANA N. , USOLTSEV IVAN V. ,   Irkutsk Science Centre of Surgery and Traumatology, KOSAREVA MARIYA A. ,   Irkutsk Science Centre of Surgery and Traumatology
Published: October 2023

Introduction. The analysis of literature data on the surgical treatment of fifth toe static deformity, as well as unsatisfactory results, was carried out. The disadvantages of the known methods were identified and a method for correcting the fifth finger varus deviation was proposed. Aim. The purpose of this article is to present own clinical observation of the fifth toe varus deviation operative correction by a proposed method with a detailed description of its methodology. Material and methods. A clinical case of successful surgical correction of isolated fifth toe varus deformity of the foot is presented. Results and discussion. A 22-year-old patient with a painful fifth toe varus deformity, which was diagnosed by a clinical and radiological examination and requiring surgical correction. Surgical treatment, by proposed method, included performing a diaphyseal osteotomy of the fifth metatarsal bone with formation of two bone «steps» on plantar fragment along precisely marked lines, medial displacement of the plantar fragment by a predetermined distance, interlocking fragments of the metatarsal bone and fixing them with one screw. The proposed method allows to shift the plantar fragment as much as possible, straighten the fifth finger, restore the congruence of the articular surfaces of the fifth metatarsophalangeal joint, eliminate pain, and tightly stabilize the plantar and dorsal fragments. The patient was observed for 1 year. The result of the treatment was the elimination of fifth toe varus deviation. Conclusion. Surgical treatment of fifth toe varus deformity by using new method with special markings and simple surgical techniques, ensures the achievement of a positive result, good fixation and consolidation of osteotomized fragments of the fifth metatarsal, relief of pain, restoration of the anatomical condition and statodynamic function of the foot, reducing the risk of fracture of the fifth metatarsal and recurrence of varus deformity the fifth toe.
CENTRAL SENSITIZATION IN PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS
Authors:   Republican Clinical Diagnostic Center, Izhevsk, AKULINUSHKINA EKATERINA Y. , YAKUPOVA SVETLANA P. ,   Kazan State Medical University, YAKUPOV EDUARD Z. ,   Research complex «Neuroclinika professora Yakupova, IVANOVA LARISA V. ,   Republican Clinical Diagnostic Center, Izhevsk, BRAGINA TATYANA A. ,   Republican Clinical Diagnostic Center, Izhevsk, MAKSIMOV NIKOLAI I. ,   Izhevsk State Medical Academy
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Chronic pain consists of nociceptive, neuropathic and nociplastic components. Nociplastic pain based on central sensitization. Patients with central sensitization may experience severe pain even with no any signs of clinical and laboratory inflammation, and describe it in descriptors of neuropathic pain. The prevalence and influence of central sensitization in clinical and laboratory activity, the development of mood disorders in patients with psoriatic arthritis are not explored well. Aim. To assess the prevalence of central sensitization in patients with psoriatic arthritis, to compare the parameters of patients with and without central sensitization. Materials and methods. We examined 107 patients with psoriatic arthritis: number of tender and swollen joints, severity of pain, patient global assessment, and C-reactive protein were determined. Activity of disease was assessed with Disease activity in psoriatic arthritis, Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score. Central sensitization was determined with Central Sensitization Inventory, presence of anxiety and depression - with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Descriptors of neuropathic pain were determined with Pain Detect Questionnaire. Statistical processing was carried out with Statistics 26.0. Differences were considered significant at p-value < 0.05. Results and discussion. Central sensitization was found in 46 (43%) patients – they had patient global assessment (p=0.004) and severity of pain (p=0.002) in higher values. The C-reactive protein (p=0.423), Disease activity in psoriatic arthritis (p=0.083) did not differ between groups, but the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (p=0.002) was higher in patients with central sensitization. High prevalence of anxiety (25.2%) and depression (40.2%) was found; more often in patients with central sensitization (p=0.001 and p=0.004). Most of patients described the tactile allodynia, «electric shocks», and burning. Conclusion. Significant contribution of central sensitization to the persistence of pain in patients with psoriatic arthritis was found. The frequency of clinically significant anxiety and depression in patients with psoriatic arthritis was shown, as well as their higher prevalence among patients with central sensitization. Patients with psoriatic arthritis often described pain like neuropathic pain, which can indicate both local damage to the nervous system and the formation of pain sensitization without direct damage to peripheral nerve structures.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF WOUND PAIN TREATMENT USING TRANSMEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES AFTER MEDIAN LAPAROTOMY
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, KONTOREV KONSTANTIN V. , ZDZITOVETSKY DMITRII E. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, BORISOV ROMAN N. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, NIKIFOROVA EKATERINA D. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, GRICENKO DMITRII A. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, OVSIENKO DARIA V. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University
Published: October 2023

ntroduction. Pain syndrome remains an urgent problem for patients who have undergone median laparotomy in the early postoperative period. The use of modern opioid analgesics, in addition to effectively combating postoperative pain, has a number of negative systemic effects on the body, which requires the search for new methods of analgesia. Aim. To determine the effectiveness of the author’s device using semipermeable membranes for anesthesia of the median laparotomy wound in relation to the relief of pain syndrome in patients who have undergone abdominal surgery, in comparison with classical parenteral analgesia. Materials and methods. We analyzed the intensity of wound pain syndrome in 70 patients underwent a median laparotomy surgery for injuries and acute abdominal surgical diseases. A control group included 35 people. An experimental group had the similar number of patients. The control group received pain relief in the early postoperative period with systemic analgesics – opioid and non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs. In the study group, during the operation, the device was implanted in patients retromuscularly according to the author’s method using a semipermeable membrane, through which a transmembrane blockade of the sheaths of the rectus abdominis muscles was carried out with local anesthetics. Results and discussion. Opioid analgesics were not administered to all patients of the study group in the postoperative period due to a mild pain syndrome. Conclusion. The device for analgesia of the median laparotomy wound with the use of a semipermeable membrane provides relief of pain syndrome, which allows abandoning opioids and limiting the use of non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs significantly.
PROSPECTS FOR DESIGNING NEW, USNIC ACID-BASED INNOVATOR ANTISEPTICS
Authors:   Northern State Medical University, KRYLOV ILYA A. , KUBASOVA ELENA D. ,   Northern State Medical University, KORELSKAYA GALINA V. ,   Northern State Medical University, KUBASOV ROMAN V. ,   Northern State Medical University
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Environment changing not least because of human activities determines the appearance of modified microorganisms. Many pathogens have enhanced their pathogenic properties. Their increasing drug resistance represents quite a serious problem. Among potentially efficient antiseptic substances, usnic acid and its derivatives are greatly emphasized on. Aim of our study was to conduct a narrative review of the prospects for the practical (pharmaceutical) use of usnic acid as an antiseptic. Research Materials. To perform the literature analysis, we used sources from international databases, such as Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed, as well as from the domestic library system, eLibrary. Results. Usnic acid is found in large amounts in various lichen species. It has quite a broad spectrum of antimicrobial action. Its anti-inflammatory effects and enhancement of tissue regeneration wasproven both experimentally and clinically. The operation of usnic acid and its derivatives is determined by inhibiting the synthesis of ribonucleic acid and breaking the deoxyribonucleic acid replication. Moreover, it has a cytotoxic effect and destroys the membranes of microorganisms. In pharmaceutical industry, usnic acid is produced in many forms, such as powders, capsules, antiseptic gels, creams, and protective tapes. They are used in combined treatment of infectious diseases, in general therapy, in post-burn wound healing procedures, and in dentistry. We have concluded that lichens are very promising as raw materials for isolating usnic acid. It is necessary to search for new highly efficient methods to manufacture and use it in various farmaceutical forms.
SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION RESPONSE FINDINGS IN PAST-COVID-19 PATIENTS WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Authors:   Central TB Research Institute,  Moscow, ABDULLAEV RIZVAN Y. , SHOROKHOVA VIOLETTA A. ,   Central TB Research Institute,  Moscow, KOMISSAROVA OKSANA G. ,   Central TB Research Institute,  Moscow
Published: October 2023

Introduction. It is known that both tuberculosis patients and COVID-19 patients develop a systemic inflammatory response with changes in the indicators of acute phase reactants, clinical blood analysis and the hemostasis and fibrinolysis system. Aim. To study in a comparative aspect, the level of acute phase reactants, clinical blood counts and markers of the state of hemostasis and fibrinolysis systems in newly diagnosed patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who had and did not have an infection caused by SARS-CoV-2. Material and Methods. A retrospective study was conducted in 60 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis who had an infection caused by SARS-CoV-2: 30 patients with mild severity and 30 patients with moderate and severe severity. The comparison group included 30 patients who had not suffered an infection caused by SARS-CoV-2. The control group consisted of 47 healthy volunteers. We studied the frequency of changes and the median of laboratory parameters upon admission to the hospital. Results and discussion. It was found that in the groups of patients who had an infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 of moderate and severe severity, the indicators of the systemic inflammatory response - C-reactive protein, fibrinogen and ESR were significantly higher compared to both the group of patients who had not undergone and who have had a mild infection with SARS-CoV-2. At the same time, a hypercoagulable shift was observed in the system of hemostasis and fibrinolysis, as evidenced by the highest values of D-dimer in these patients. Conclusion. The development of a new tuberculosis process in patients after an infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, of moderate and severe severity, is accompanied by a systemic inflammatory response with the simultaneous development of a hypercoagulation shift, the severity of which is higher compared to patients who have had an infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, of mild severity.
RECONSTRUCTION OF THE TRANSVERSE CARPAL LIGAMENT IN THE TREATMENT OF CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME. LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors:   Samara State Medical University, PANKRATOV ALEKSANDR S. , KNYAZEV NIKITA A. ,   Samara State Medical University, KLYUCHNIKOV ALEXEY S. ,   Samara State Medical University, POTAPOV ALEXANDER N. ,   Samara State Medical University, OPENCHENKO KRISTINA A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution, Samara
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Carpal tunnel syndrome is a compression of the median nerve at the wrist, a common compression neuropathy of the upper extremities in medical practice. The most effective treatment for this condition is considered to be surgical and the most common approach is either dissecting the carpal ligament without subsequent stitching or reconstructing it. A study of the efficacy of transverse carpal ligament reconstruction approaches helps in the search for treatment improvement. The aim of the study is to compare the effectiveness and safety of different surgical techniques according to Russian and foreign literature sources containing information on the immediate and long-term results of treatment of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome using the transverse carpal ligament reconstruction method. Materials and methods. Scientific publications on the topic for 2013-2023 were studied. Results and discussion. It was found out that reconstruction of the transverse carpal ligament contributes not only to the increase of carpal tunnel volume, but also to normalization of biomechanics of carpal movements after the operation. Conclusion. Currently, there is no unequivocal evidence of significant advantages of reconstructing the transverse carpal ligament. The majority of authors consider reconstructive surgery effective in conditions of morphologically distorted median nerve or carpal tunnel as well as peculiarities of the patient history, which may require earlier restoration of the upper extremity functional state and ability to work.
EFFECT OF RAMADAN FASTING ON SERUM PROTEIN CONCENTRATIONS IN MALE AND FEMALE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Nagra S.A.
Published: October 2023

The present study evaluated the effect of Ramadan fasting on metabolic changes in serum proteins concentration in male and female university students. Thirty healthy university students (15 female and 15 male; average age 22 ? 1.8 years) with average body weights of 52.4 ? 2.8 kg and 64.7 ? 5.1 kg for female and male respectively, residing in separate university student’s hostel for males and females but with common dining arrangements, participated in the study. Fasting blood samples were obtained two days before the start of Ramadan fast and on 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day of Ramadan. Daily dietary energy and protein intakes were 2100 ? 141 kcal and 2378 ? 145 kcal and 55.4 g and 58.8 g for females and males respectively. Overall the body weight did not show any significant (P > 0.05) variation during or at the end of fasting period. Serum total proteins and albumin levels declined in both the genders with advancing days of fasting. The decline in albumin levels in females was however much sharper and curvilinear (r2 = 0.4, P < 0.001) whereas in males it was linear (r = -0.69, P <0.001).
EFFECTS OF SLIP ON FLOW BETWEEN TWO STRETCHABLE DISKS USING OPTIMAL HOMOTOPY ANALYSIS METHOD
Authors: Munawar Sufian
Published: October 2023

This work presents the analytic solution of flow of a viscous fluid between two stretching disks with slip boundaries. Suitable similarity transformations are used to normalize the governing system. Optimal homotopy analysis method has been used as a solution technique by considering one parameter; two parameters; three parameters and one step optimal HAM approaches. The solutions obtained through all these approaches are compared. It is observed that, although the solution series (obtained through Optimal HAM) attains convergence at initial few terms but, on the other hand the computational resources,required to acquire solution, increases indefinitely as we increase the order of approximation.
La imagen del poder. Un acercamiento a las prácticas de visualización del poder en la España moderna
Authors: Soria Mesa Enrique
Published: October 2023

El disfrute del poder por parte las élites hispanas durante la época Moderna, conllevó la asunciónde toda una serie de prácticas culturales que buscaban imitar los hábitos y las pautas de comportamientopropias de la nobleza. En ese sentido, la utilización de la imagen como demostración de poder poseíauna gran capacidad de disuasión sobre el resto de la comunidad, convirtiéndose en una herramienta dedominación. Obras de arte (palacios, escudos heráldicos, pinturas, esculturas), innumerables elementosde la cultura material (vajillas, vestidos, mobiliario) o la tratadística genealógica cobran aquí un nuevosignificado. El estudio de estas prácticas nos permitirá conocer no sólo los hábitos de los grupos dirigenteshispanos, sino también el proceso de ascenso social protagonizado por importante numero de familias queadoptaron esta estrategia visual.
Imaginando América: objetos indígenas en las casas nobles del Renacimiento andaluz
Authors: Urquízar Herrera Antonio
Published: October 2023

La nobleza andaluza del Renacimiento fue uno de los primeros grupos sociales europeos en mostrar interés por el acopio y la exhibición de objetos indígenos americanos. En este sentido, este trabajo tiene el doble objetivo de recoger la presencia poco conocida de varios conjuntos tempranos de objetos americanos y de analizar los esquemas de pensamiento volcados sobre estas curiosidades americanas. En el marco general de una historiografía que ha incidido fundamentalmente en la novedad que tales piezas supusieron en el descubrimiento europeo de la alteridad; aquí se interpretan estos conjuntos desde la contigüidad con el resto de “artificialia” y “naturalia” del gabinete humanista, así como desde la continuidad por inserción en las categorías conceptuales de la galería genealógica del noble.
«Cuya fachada y alzado forman la fábrica más agradable de aquel recinto». Andrés Antonio del Pino Ascanio y la portada del Palacio de los Condes de Santa Ana de Lucena (Córdoba)
Authors: Márquez Nereida Serrano
Published: October 2023

Resumen: El hallazgo del contrato inédito de la portada del Palacio de los condes de Santa Ana (Lucena) despeja muchos de los interrogantes que todavía envolvían a esta sobresaliente pieza de la arquitectura del Barroco cordobés. El presente trabajo ahonda en las circunstancias de su hechura y en su comitente, don Juan de Cuenca Mora, enlazando su ejecución con el proyecto más amplio de construcción de las casas principales por él emprendido y con la importante tradición de canteros lucentinos a la que pertenecieron sus artífices, Andrés Antonio del Pino Ascanio y Bartolomé y Andrés Hurtado de Rojas.Palabras clave: Portada; Barroco; Andrés Antonio del Pino Ascanio; Bartolomé y Andrés Hurtado de Rojas; Don Juan de Cuenca Mora
De regidores a corsarios. Composición y parentela de las élites moriscas de Hornachos antes de su expulsión (SS. XVI-XVII)
Authors: Cerro García Alejandro Marco
Published: October 2023

Resumen: El presente trabajo pretende profundizar en las relaciones de parentesco y clientela que se establecieron en el seno de la comunidad morisca de Hornachos. Con este objetivo se ha consultado la documentación sacramental de la villa correspondiente al periodo previo a su expulsión, identificando a los diferentes individuos que integraban este colectivo. Dado el amplio volumen de familias localizadas, para materializar este estudio nos hemos focalizado en las más preeminentes, a fin de comprobar el grado de pervivencia de las estructuras sociales tras su exilio magrebí.Palabras Clave: Hornachos, moriscos, familias, expulsión, Salé.
"No se expresare en los títulos el precio en que compraron": Los fundadores de la Maestranza de Caballería de Sevilla y la venta de títulos nobiliarios durante el reinado de Carlos II
Authors: Cartaya Baños Juan
Published: October 2023

Dividimos este artículo en tres partes. En un breve epígrafe inicial, hacemos un corto recorrido sobre el estado actual de la cuestión en cuanto al estudio del estamento nobiliario sevillano en la Edad Moderna. En una segunda parte, exponemos diversos hechos vinculados a la fundación, en 1670, de la Real Maestranza de Caballería, analizando brevemente las motivaciones de este hecho y a sus fundadores. Por último, se trabaja el concepto de “beneficio”, en lo relativo a la compra de cargos y fundamentalmente de títulos nobiliarios por los fundadores de dicha institución, durante el reinado del último monarca de la Casa de Austria.
A la moda ilustrada o a la vieja usanza nobiliar. Viviendas del clero capitular burgalés en el siglo XVIII
Authors: Sanz de la Higuera Francisco J.
Published: October 2023

El acceso al contenido de los inventarios post-mortem de algunos de los titulares de la capiscolía de la Catedral de Burgos permite analizar la existencia de contrastes nítidos entre las formas de vida, la cultura material y los perfiles ideológicos de clérigos con diferentes sensibilidades y talantes. Unas escoradas hacia usanzas de raigambre aristocrática más del pasado y otras ligadas a estrategias más ilustradas y de sesgo más moderno, más burgués y “progresista”.
Del campo a la ciudad: los racioneros Guerrero y la promoción social de su familia
Authors: Irigoyen López Antonio
Published: October 2023

Una única familia, los Guerrero, mantendrá una prebenda en el cabildo de la catedral de Murcia durante ciento cincuenta años de forma ininterrumpida. Originarios de la villa de Hellín, esta presencia ha de contemplarse como el resultado de unas estrategias familiares que perseguían la instalación de este linaje entre la élite local. Lo que se pretende estudiar es qué supuso para la familia Guerrero contar con un pariente prebendado; se comprobará que su intervención y ayuda resultarán fundamentales para cimentar y consolidar el proceso de ascenso social.
Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türk Dış Ticareti ve Bir Gelecek Öngörüsü
Authors: GÜRBÜZ Cennet , TÜRKOĞLU Kader , BEKCİ İsmail
Published: October 2023

Yaşanan ekonomik krizler, artan dış ticaret rekabetleri ve ülkeler arası siyasi çatışmalar dış ticareti zorlaştırmaktadır. Çalışma, Türkiye'nin ekonomik büyümesinde dış ticaretin önemine odaklanmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'nin dış ticarette tarihsel sürecini, geldiği noktayı, dış ticaretin Türkiye Cumhuriyeti için önemini belirlemek ve geleceğe yönelik öngörüde bulunmaktır. Çalışmada, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu'nun yayınladığı dış ticaret istatistik verileri kullanılmıştır. Kullanılan verilerle dış ticaret işlemlerine ilişkin grafik ve tablolar oluşturularak durum analizi yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda çalışmada, yıllar itibariyle toplam ithalat, ihracat ve dış ticaret hacimleri, ithalat ve ihracat işlemlerinin en fazla gerçekleştirildiği ülkeler, bölgeler, ülke grupları, iller, gümrük müdürlükleri ve mal grupları ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca dış ticaret işlemlerinde en sık kullanılan döviz, teslim ve taşımacılık türleri de belirlenmiştir. Uygulanan dış ticaret politikaları, ülkeler arası anlaşma ve işbirlikleri, gelişen teknoloji sayesinde daha hızlı ve kolay bir şekilde dış ticaret yapılabilmekte ve dış ticaret hacimleri artmaktadır. Türkiye’nin dünya siyasetindeki rolü, coğrafi konumu, doğal ve beşeri zenginlikleri dış ticaretin artırılmasına katkı sağlamaktadır.
Subglacial tills: a process model based on microsedimentological clues
Authors: Menzies John , Paulen Roger C. , Reitner Jürgen M. , Gao Cunhai , Hodder Tyler , Ross Martin
Published: October 2023

Subglacial sediments are subject to erosion, transport, and deposition in active, ephemeral, and spatially localized glacial environments. It is critical to determine how these mobilized sediments become immobilized in a time-transgressive process and can be frequently remobilized and reimmobilized. Microscopic sedimentary structural signatures provide invaluable information on subglacial processes and contribute to understanding till formation. Data were obtained from a series of field sites in Canada and Austria investigating the microsedimentological aspects of both alpine and continental glaciation tills to construct a conceptual model of subglacial deformation. Microstructures in these tills indicate rheological behaviors that can be summarized into a potential model for soft deforming subglacial sediments. Most microstructures noted in these subglacial till examples highlight the development of subglacial interface kinematics providing clues to till deposition mechanics, subglacial bedform development, and the processes involved in till provenance distributions. A conceptual process model of subglacial interface conditions in soft mobile sediments is developed that uses microsedimentological evidence and highlights how an active ice mass integrates with ongoing substrate deformation. In the model, interaction occurs between the ice and its sediment bed with internal sediment microstructures evolving where multiple transient shear deformation processes cause localized deformation linked to pervasive and nonpervasive sediment deformation.
Design of integral backstepping controller - sliding mode along with admittance controller of knee joint robot in the presence of noise
Authors: jalalnezhad mostafa , Lin Xingmin , Xia Luting , Ruoyi Zhao , Shieh Charles
Published: October 2023

Nowadays, the using of robots in the field of rehabilitation has been increased, vehemently. Rehabilitation robots are designed to assist people who have physical disabilities. Patients often have the substantial limitation in movement. The knee joint as the largest blockage in the human body is always vulnerable to injury, some knee joint rehabilitation treatments are provided by physiotherapists by practicing the patient's leg around the knee joint to strengthen the knee-strengthened muscles to the patient gets his health. Most exercises that physiotherapists do is either manual or traditional way. Therefore, researchers are interested in designing a device to help these exercises. In this regard, devices were designed and built, such as Continuous Passive Motion (CPM). The main problems of CPM devices are lack of knowledge (feedback) from the position of the patient's leg and its resistance against the robot motion. Therefore, interactive forces between patient leg and robot will be increased if the patient's leg is unable to track the predetermined trajectory. This phenomenon can hurt the patient. In this thesis, in order to realize the flexible behavior of the robot against the potential force of the individual foot, the concept of admittance as well as impedance are used. At first, the dynamic equations of the robot and the patient leg were extracted and verified using Adams dynamic analytic software. Then, the design of nonlinear controllers is done. In this research, a variety of control methods including a combination of Sliding-Backstepping and Admittance Control, in order to control the knee rehabilitation robot and at the same time creating a soft interactive patient with the patient leg are developed.
Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence in pregnant women during the COVID-19 epidemic in Qazvin-Iran 2021
Authors: Hadiloo Nahid , Lalooha Fatemeh , Mohammad Ebrahim Sarichloo , Oveisi Sonia
Published: October 2023

Introduction:
Intimate partner violence (IPV) in pregnant women is considered one of the most important types of violence, which can include physical, psychological abuse and sexual violence. During the lockdown due to COVID-19, the home is at risk of becoming a very dangerous place for victims of domestic violence. Herein, we aimed to determine the prevalence of IPV and associated factors in pregnant women in Qazvin, Iran.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 450 pregnant mothers who were referred to the Kowsar Hospital Prenatal Clinic in Qazvin in 2021. Participants were assessed using a questionnaire consisting of four parts (demographic data, Abuse Assessment Screen (AAS) for domestic violence, The Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2) for IPV. Data were collected and analysis was performed via SPSS software version 22 using a non-parametric test; Mann-Whitney and x2 tests.
Results:
The overall prevalence of IPV was higher in pregnant women than in men in Qazvin. The most common form of IPV was psychological aggression (24.8%), followed by scale of injury (8.2%), physical (3.3%) and sexual (4.2%) violence. In addition, analysis of the AAS questionnaire shows that psychological violence is the most common form of domestic violence among pregnant women.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, abuse of pregnant women in Iran has increased slightly compared to studies conducted in the years leading up to the Covid-91 pandemic. There was also no significant change compared to other countries investigating IPV against pregnant women during Covid-19 illness.
Assessment of Biological and Chemical Exogenous Elicitors in Inducing Plant Systemic Resistance Against Southern Corn Leaf Blight Disease (Bipolaris maydis) and Its Role in Enhancing Corn Growth and Yield
Authors: Mirsam Hishar , Kalqutny Septian Hary , Suriani Suriani , Aqil Muhammad , Nurgaha Yudhistira , Azrai Muhammad
Published: October 2023

One of the alternative control efforts for Southern corn leaf blight (SCLB) disease is using biological agents and certain chemicals as elicitors to induce systemic resistance through increasing secondary metabolites. This study aims to evaluate several types of biological and chemical exogenous elicitors in inducing plant systemic resistance to SCLB disease caused by Bipolaris maydis and their effect on corn growth and yield. Testing was carried out under field conditions with planting spreader rows as inoculum source plants which were planted around the experimental block. This experiment was set up in a randomized block design consisting of eight elicitor treatments, one synthetic fungicide as a control (-), and sterile distilled water as control (+). AUDPC analysis based on disease severity showed that B. cereus strain J6, Chitin, and Chitosan could significantly suppress the SCLB disease progression in the field with the lowest AUDPC values, namely 1230, 1255, and 1255, respectively, and the highest protection index values of 30.31, 28.90, and 30.88%, respectively. Suppression of the SCLB disease progression was related to increasing plant resistance levels through increasing protein and phenolic content. Correlation analysis showed that B. cereus strain J6, Chitin, and Chitosan had a very strong positive correlation with the protection index value. Besides inducing plant resistance, elicitor treatments significantly affected maximum growth potential and plant height variables. Elicitor materials play a beneficial role in protecting corn occurrence by activating the induced systemic resistance system and inducing plant growth.
Hyperconfined Bio-Inspired Polymers in Integrative Flow-Through Systems for Highly Selective Removal of Heavy Metal Ions
Authors: Tanaka Motomu , Nakahata Masaki , Sumiya Ai , Ikemoto Yuka , Nakamura Takashi , Dudin Anastasia , Schwieger Julius , Kaufmann Stefan , Yamamoto Akihisa , Sakai Shinji
Published: October 2023

Access to clean water, hygiene, and sanitation is becoming an increasingly pressing global demand, particularly owing to rapid population growth and urbanization. “Phytoremediation” utilizes a highly conserved phytochelatin in plants, which captures hazardous heavy metal ions from aquatic environments and sequesters them in vacuoles. Herein, we report the design of phytochelatin-inspired copolymers containing carboxylate and thiolate moieties. Titration calorimetry results indicate that the coexistence of both moieties is essential for the excellent Cd2+ ion-capturing capacity of the copolymers. The obtained dissociation constant, KD ~ 1 nM for Cd2+ ion, is four-to-five orders of magnitude higher than that for peptides mimicking the sequence of endogenous phytochelatin. Furthermore, infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy results unravel the mechanism underlying complex formation at the molecular level. The grafting of 0.1 g bio-inspired copolymers onto silica microparticles and cellulose membranes helps concentrate the copolymer-coated microparticles in ≈ 3 mL volume to remove Cd2+ ions from 0.3 L of water within 1 h to the drinking water level (< 0.03 µM). The obtained results suggest that hyperconfinement of bio-inspired polymers in flow-through systems can be applied for the highly selective removal of harmful contaminants from the environmental water.
Aberrant expression of C1q, IL-6 and β-catenin in class VI lupus nephritis
Authors: Xue Jing , Min Yu , Zhu Zeqin , Jia Yuanyuan , Chi Shuhong , Chen Juan
Published: October 2023

Background:
complement component C1q, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and β-catenin have been implicated in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis (LN). However, their correlation with the pathological progression and type of LN remain unclear.
Methods:
the concentrations of C1q, IL-6 and β-catenin were evaluated in plasma, urine and kidney tissues in LN patients, non-LN systemic lupus erythematosus (SLEn) patients, and healthy cohorts, as well as C57BL/6, IL-6-/-, MRL-Fas/lpr and MRL-Fas/lprIL-6-/- mice.
Results:
more abundant plasma C1q, IL-6 and urine C1q proteins were determined in LN and SLEn patients compared to healthy cohorts. Of note, the concentration of IL-6 and β-catenin in both plasma and urine, and plasma C1q was even higher in LN patients relative to SLEn subjects. Moreover, positive correlations were determined for C1q and β-catenin proteins between plasma and urine in LN patients. Of importance, both plasma and urine β-catenin, and urine IL-6 were significantly increased in patients with class VI LN patients relative to those who suffered from class I LN. Immunohistochemical study further uncovered that the abundant IL-6 and β-catenin proteins were deposited in both renal glomeruli and tubules, while the C1q was only found in renal glomeruli of patients with class IV LN. Consistent with the clinical findings, experimental studies in MRL-Fas/lprIL-6-/- mice also showed a decreased β-catenin in urine, C1q and β-catenin in kidney tissues of MRL-Fas/lprIL-6-/- mice compared with MRL-Fas/lpr mice. Interestingly, mice with deficiency of IL-6 exhibited less degrees of proteinuria and histological lesions, and reduced serum anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibody and sizes of spleen and inguinal node, as compared with MRL-Fas/lpr and C57/BL6 control mice.
Conclusions:
these data suggest a strong correlation among IL-6, C1q and β-catenin in the pathogenesis of type VI LN in SLE patients, indicating that they may be valuable biomarkers for nephrologists to guide treatment and predict prognosis among these patients.
Activation of P2X7R inhibits proliferation and promotes the migration and differentiation of Schwann cells
Authors: Su Wenfeng , He Xiaowen , Lin Zhihao , Xu Jinghui , Shangguan Jianghong , Wei Zhongya , Zhao Yayu , Xing Lingyan , Gu Yun , Chen Gang
Published: October 2023

In the vertebrate nervous system, myelination of nerve fibers is crucial for the rapid propagation of action potentials through saltatory conduction. Schwann cells—the main glial cells and myelinating cells of the peripheral nervous system—play a vital role in the process of nerve fiber myelination. A large amount of ATP is secreted in response to injury during the repair of peripheral nerve injuries. This ATP release subsequently the dedifferentiation of the myelinating Schwann cells into repair cells, which is necessary for the regeneration of axons. Subsequently, to restore nerve function, these repair cells redifferentiate into myelinating Schwann cells. Except for P2X4R, purine receptors such as P2X7R also play a significant role in this process. In the current study, decreased expression of P2X7R was observed immediately after sciatic nerve injury, followed by a gradual increase to the normal level of P2X7R expression. In vivo experiments showed that the activation of P2X7R using an agonist injection promoted nerve regeneration, whereas the administration of P2X7R antagonists inhibited nerve regeneration. Further, in vitro experiments supported these findings and demonstrated that P2X7R activation inhibited the proliferation of Schwann cells, but it promoted the migration and differentiation of the Schwann cells. In the current study, it was proposed that the manipulation of P2X7R expression in Schwann cells after nerve injury could be effective in facilitating nerve regrowth and remyelination. This finding would provide novel ideas and strategies for treatment programs in the future aimed at promoting nerve repair and functional recovery.
Ultrasound-aided extraction of bioactive ingredients from Vitis vinifera seeds using optimized conditions of Central Composite Design of RSM, ANFIS modeling, and Machine Learning algorithm
Authors: Kunjiappan Selvaraj , Ramasamy Lokesh Kumar , Kannan Suthendran , Pavadai Parasuraman , Theivendren Panneerselvam , Palanisamy Ponnusamy
Published: October 2023

Grape seeds are a cost-effective source of antioxidant and potential therapeutic compounds in the form of polyphenols. Therapeutic important polyphenols were completely extracted from grape seeds using an ultrasound-aided extraction technique and examined the antioxidant properties. The present study aimed to determine the optimized condition and green process for maximum extraction of polyphenols from grape seeds through RSM (response surface methodology), ANFIS (adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system), and machine learning (ML) algorithm models. Effect of five independent variables and their ranges, particle size (X1: 0.5-1 mm), methanol concentration (X2: 60-70% in distilled water), ultrasound exposure time (X3:18-28 min), temperature (X4: 35-45 °C), and ultrasound intensity (X5: 65-75 W cm-2) at five levels (-2, -1, 0, +1, and +2) concerning dependent variables, total phenolic contents (y1), total flavonoid contents (y2), %DPPH*sc (y3), %ABTS*sc (y4) and FRAP (y5) were selected. The optimized condition was observed at X1= 0.155 mm, X2= 65% methanol in water, X3= 23 min ultrasound exposure time, X4= 40 °C, and X5=70 W cm-2 ultrasound intensity. Under this situation, the optimal yields of TPC, TFC, and antioxidant scavenging potential were achieved to be 670.32 mg GAE/g, 451.45 mg RE/g, 81.23% DPPH*sc, 77.39% ABTS*sc and 71.55 μg mol (Fe(II))/g FRAP. This optimal condition yielded equal experimental and expected values. A well-fitted quadratic model was recommended. Furthermore, the validated extraction parameters were optimized and compared using the ANFIS and random forest regressor-ML algorithm. Additionally, GC-MS and LC-MS analyses were performed to find the existence of the bioactive compounds in the optimized extract.
EPTQA:a Chinese medical prompt learning method based on entity pair type question answering
Authors: Su Zhitong , Yu Xinran , Li Songpu , Chen Peng
Published: October 2023

As a mainstream method in current natural language processing tasks, the “pre-train, fine-tune” method has achieved quite good results in various scenarios. However, the “pre-train, fine-tune” method performs poorly on few-shot learning tasks. Recently, prompt learning has gained popularity. Prompt learning transforms various types of natural language processing tasks into pre-training tasks and shows good results on few-shot learning tasks. The prompt learning method based on entity pair type question answering proposed in this paper creatively applies the prompt learning method successfully to the Chinese medical relationship extraction task. The proposed model shows good results on both full data and and low resource datasets. Background Chinese medical relation extraction is an important step in building a complete medical knowledge system. Although the “pre-train, fine-tune” paradigm has shown good results in the Chinese medical relationship extraction task, the “pre-train, fine-tune” paradigm has slow model convergence, and the results are not satisfactory in the small-sample relationship extraction task. These problems are related to the scarcity of accurately labelled medical text data and the large differences between upstream and downstream models. Results Given the aforementioned problems, we propose a prompt learning method that is based on entity pair type question answering. To start with, we preprocessed the Chinese medical text dataset by transforming the data into a sentence-level relation extraction form, which is more appropriate for prompt learning. The relationship template is then devised by combining entity types, which effectively address the issue of expressing the Chinese medical relationship in an accurate and brief manner. Following the fine-tuning of the pre-trained model, this method can accurately restore the mask and present very competitive outcomes on the full data and low resource data of numerous Chinese medical datasets. Conclusions The method proposed in this paper is superior to the traditional “pre-train, fine-tune” approach, as it can efficiently extract the connections between Chinese medical entities. This method is particularly effective when dealing with small sample datasets. The efficiency of the model can be further improved by using the relationship filtering method which is based on the relevant rules of the Chinese medical entities.
Numerical Investigation of Hall and Ion Slip Effects on Prandtl Nanofluid with Non-Fourier Double Diffusion Theories: Artificial Neural Network Approach for Thermal and Mass Transportation
Authors: Habib Shazia , Khan Zeeshan , . Waseem , Islam Saeed
Published: October 2023

To model complex relationships between input and output data, (ANN) algorithms are extensively used in engineering and fluid mechanics. They are able to predict outcomes, enhance quality control, optimize processes, predict material properties, and recognize images and patterns. ANNs are also utilized in control systems to govern the parameters of various engineering systems in an adaptive manner. ANNs are used for fluid flow prediction, turbulence modeling, heat transfer analysis, airfoil design, environmental modeling, pipeline monitoring, hydraulic systems simulation, and cavitation prediction in fluid dynamics. In order to account for the effects of Hall and ions on a (CC) double heat flow model, this investigation employs an artificial neural network (ANN) and (LMS) to find a solution for the HIE-PNF-NFDDT model. The focus of this paper is the investigation of the temperature, velocity, and concentration of (HIE-PNF-NFDDT) flow. Researchers use the bvp4c solver to get the initial dataset and then apply the Levenberg Marquardt Scheme of Neural Network Algorithm (LMS-NNA) to analyze the flow dynamics. They use the partial differential equations (PDEs) that reflect the flow of the HIE-PNF-NFDDT to construct a chain of ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which they then employ to evaluate the reference dataset for the evolutionary method, i.e. LMS-NNA. The velocities have a direct relation with non-dimensional parameters Prandtl fluid parameters and ratio parameters. Temperature enhances while it falls for ion slip and hall parameters. Similarly, the concentration increases with the increase Hartman parameter and has an inverse relation to concentration relaxation parameters.
High-resolution projections of outdoor thermal stress in the 21st century: a Tasmanian case study
Authors: Weeding Ben , Love Peter , Beyer Kathleen , Lucieer Arko , Remenyi Tom
Published: October 2023

To adapt to Earth's rapidly changing climate, detailed modelling of thermal stress is needed. Dangerous stress levels are becoming more frequent, longer, and more severe. While traditional measurements of thermal stress have focused on air temperature and humidity, modern measures including radiation and wind speed are becoming widespread. However, projecting such indices has presented a challenging problem, due to the need for appropriate bias correction of multiple variables that vary on hourly timescales. In this study we present the first hourly metre-scale projections of thermal stress driven by multivariate bias corrected data. We bias correct four variables from six dynamically downscaled General Circulation Models. These outputs drive the Solar and LongWave Environmental Irradiance Geometry model at metre scale, calculating mean radiant temperature and the Universal Thermal Climate Index. This modelling projects thermal stress in central Hobart, Australia for 2040–2059 from a historical period of 1990–2005. We demonstrate that multivariate bias correction can correct means on multiple time scales while accurately preserving mean seasonal trends. Changes in mean air temperature and UTCI by hour of the day and month of the year reveal diurnal and annual patterns in both temporal trends and model agreement. We present plots of future median stress values in context of historical percentiles, revealing trends and patterns not evident in mean data. Our modelling illustrates a future Hobart that experiences higher and more consistent numbers of hours of heat stress arriving earlier in the year and extending further throughout the day.