bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Visual Reinforcement Learning with Discrete Information Bottleneck Approach
Authors: Wang Haitao , Wu Hejun
Published: September 2023

Contrastive learning has been used to learn useful low-dimensional state representations in visual reinforcement learning (RL). Such state representations substantially improve the sample efficiency of visual RL. Nevertheless, existing contrastive learning-based RL methods have the problem of unstable training. Such instability comes from the fact that contrastive learning requires an extremely large batch size (e.g., 4096 or larger), while current contrastive learning-based RL methods typically set a small batch size (e.g., 512). In this paper, we propose an approach of discrete information bottleneck (DIB) to address this problem. DIB applies the technique of discretization and information bottleneck to contrastive learning in representing the state with concise discrete representation. Using this discrete representation for policy learning results in more stable algorithm training and higher sample efficiency with a small batch size. We demonstrate the advantage of discrete state representation of DIB on several continuous control tasks in the DeepMind Control suite. In the experiments, DIB outperforms prior visual RL methods, both model-based and model-free, in terms of performance and sample efficiency.
CCPO: Conservatively Constrained Policy Optimization Using State Augmentation
Authors: Wang Zepeng , Shi Xiaochuan , Ma Chao , Wu Libing , Wu Jia
Published: September 2023

How to satisfy safety constraints almost surely (or with probability one) is becoming an emerging research issue for safe reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms in safety-critical domains. For instance, self-driving cars are expected to ensure that the driving strategy they adopt will never do harm to pedestrians and themselves. However, existing safe RL algorithms suffer from either risky and unstable constraint satisfaction or slow convergence. To tackle these two issues, we propose Conservatively Constrained Policy Optimization (CCPO) using state augmentation. CCPO designs a simple yet effective penalized reward function by introducing safety states and adaptive penalty factors under Safety Augmented MDP framework. Specifically, a novel Safety Promotion Function (SPF) is proposed to make the agent being more concentrated on constraint satisfaction with faster convergence by reshaping a more conservative constrained optimization objective. Moreover, we theoretically prove the convergence of CCPO. To validate both the effectiveness and efficiency of CCPO, comprehensive experiments are conducted in both single-constraint and more challenging multi-constraint environments. The experimental results demonstrate that the safe RL algorithms augmented by CCPO satisfy the predefined safety constraints almost surely and gain almost equivalent cumulative reward with faster convergence.
TreeFlow: Going Beyond Tree-Based Parametric Probabilistic Regression
Authors: Wielopolski Patryk , Zięba Maciej
Published: September 2023

The tree-based ensembles are known for their outstanding performance in classification and regression problems characterized by feature vectors represented by mixed-type variables from various ranges and domains. However, considering regression problems, they are primarily designed to provide deterministic responses or model the uncertainty of the output with Gaussian or parametric distribution. In this work, we introduce TreeFlow, the tree-based approach that combines the benefits of using tree ensembles with the capabilities of modeling flexible probability distributions using normalizing flows. The main idea of the solution is to use a tree-based model as a feature extractor and combine it with a conditional variant of normalizing flow. Consequently, our approach is capable of modeling complex distributions for the regression outputs. We evaluate the proposed method on challenging regression benchmarks with varying volume, feature characteristics, and target dimensionality. We obtain the SOTA results for both probabilistic and deterministic metrics on datasets with multi-modal target distributions and competitive results on unimodal ones compared to tree-based regression baselines.
Simplex Decomposition for Portfolio Allocation Constraints in Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Winkel David , Strauß Niklas , Schubert Matthias , Seidl Thomas
Published: September 2023

Portfolio optimization tasks describe sequential decision problems in which the investor’s wealth is distributed across a set of assets. Allocation constraints are used to enforce minimal or maximal investments into particular subsets of assets to control for objectives such as limiting the portfolio’s exposure to a certain sector due to environmental concerns. Although methods for (CRL) can optimize policies while considering allocation constraints, it can be observed that these general methods yield suboptimal results. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to handle allocation constraints based on a decomposition of the constraint action space into a set of unconstrained allocation problems. In particular, we examine this approach for the case of two constraints. For example, an investor may wish to invest at least a certain percentage of the portfolio into green technologies while limiting the investment in the fossil energy sector. We show that the action space of the task is equivalent to the decomposed action space, and introduce a new (RL) approach CAOSD, which is built on top of the decomposition. The experimental evaluation on real-world Nasdaq data demonstrates that our approach consistently outperforms state-of-the-art CRL benchmarks for portfolio optimization.
Z-number based fuzzy neural network for system identification
Authors: Abiyev Rahib H. , Aliev Rafik , Kaynak Okyay
Published: September 2023

In this paper, a novel Z-number based Fuzzy Neural Network (Z-FNN) based on the integration of Z-valued fuzzy logic and neural networks is proposed. Z-valued fuzzy rule base is presented and its inference process is described using interpolative approximate reasoning. Accordingly, the structure of the Z-FNN is proposed using a distance measure and interpolative approximate reasoning scheme. Based on presented architecture the learning algorithm of Z-FNN is designed. The updating of the unknown parameters of the network is carried out using Genetic Algorithms (GA). The proposed Z-FNN system is utilized for dynamic plant identification. The effectiveness of Z-FNN has been tested by comparing its performance with the performances of other fuzzy systems available in the literature. The proposed approach has been proven to be a suitable alternative for the identification of nonlinear systems characterized by uncertain and imprecise information.
A novel method for solving “Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurship” career ability evaluation of local college students with triangular neutrosophic numbers
Authors: Zhou Jiwen
Published: September 2023

With the proposal of the “Double First Class” construction concept in Chinese universities, cultivating high-quality talents has become the main direction of university education. At present, local universities in China are actively adapting to the changes of the times, taking the construction of the Double First Class as an opportunity, continuously adjusting and deepening the reform of the double innovation and innovation talent cultivation mode, further improving the curriculum system, increasing investment in professional practical teaching, stimulating students’ enthusiasm for innovation and entrepreneurship (IAE), and focusing on improving students’ comprehensive abilities, achieving significant results in talent cultivation. The “Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurship” career ability evaluation of local college students could be considered as multiple attribute decision-making (MADM). Recently, the Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo) method and information entropy method was employed to deal with MADM. The triangular fuzzy neutrosophic sets (TFNSs) are employed as a better tool for expressing uncertain information during the “Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurship” career ability evaluation of local college students. In this paper, the triangular fuzzy neutrosophic number CoCoSo (TFNN-CoCoSo) based on the Hamming distance and Euclid distance is constructed to cope with the MADM under TFNSs. The information entropy method is employed to compute the weight values based on the Hamming distance and Euclid distance under TFNSs. Finally, a numerical example of “Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurship” career ability evaluation of local college students is constructed and some decision comparisons are constructed to verify the TFNN-CoCoSo method.
Mental workload, musculoskeletal discomfort and physical activity level in master’s degree students in the COVID-19 context: A pilot study
Authors: Rodríguez-Herrera Carolina , Villalobos-Molina Victoria , Barría-Emparán Tamara , Guillén-Jiménez Varinnia , Mardones-Carpanetti Felipe
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a change of pedagogical strategies from on-campus to “online” modality (synchronous and asynchronous learning) and may influence the health of university students, including their mental workload. OBJECTIVE: To identify the association between mental workload, perception of musculoskeletal discomfort (MSD), and the level of physical activity of Masters’s students’ online learning due to the pandemic. METHOD: This was a pilot descriptive study with a cross-sectional, quantitative, non-experimental study design. The sample consisted of 20 students. To collect the data, the participants answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, NASA-Task Load Index, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. RESULTS: The students presented mental workload at medium (45%) and high (55%) levels, with time demands as the most prevalent dimension. In addition, 80% of the students reported experiencing MSD in the last seven days, with the most frequent areas being the neck and lower back. Regarding the level of physical activity, five students had a low level (25%), five students had a medium level (25%), and ten students had a high level (50%) of activity. CONCLUSION: Most of the students (95%) conduct their master's degree along with maintaining a full-time job. Therefore, the adaptive requirements according to “time demands” is a negative factor because of its contribution to mental workload. Especially in addition to students’ perception of musculoskeletal discomfort, organizational aspects would be fundamental to prevent physical and mental health risks.
Work ability of school servants and the mediating effects between personal characteristics, work conditions, and sickness absence1
Authors: Martins Lilian D.T.B. , Fernandes Ana Paula , Cavalcanti Alessandra , Barcelos Joyce L.M. , Dutra Fabiana C.M.S.
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: School servants are professionals involved with cleaning and feeding activities in schools. Exposed to conditions of physical and psychosocial overload at work, they may face situations of morbidity and functional restrictions. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate personal and work characteristics and work ability index (WAI) of school servants in Brazil and test the mediating effect of WAI in the duration of sickness absence. METHODS: 163 Brazilian school servants participated in this cross-sectional study, that including the self-completion of a sociodemographic questionnaire, information about the Work Environment, the Protocol of Psychosocial Risks at Work’s Evaluation, and the Work Ability Index. Also was collected, in a secondary health database, information about sickness absence. A linear regression model was constructed to identify the predictors of the duration of absence, followed by the analysis of mediation with the Path Analysis method. RESULTS: The study found that the WAI partially mediates the relation of the personal characteristics and the work conditions with the duration of absence of the school servants. The predictors included the organizational aspects of work, mental exhaustion, physical damage, health self-evaluation, availability of personal protective equipment, and the need to assume inadequate postures at work. These predictors explained 33% of the duration of absence and 53% of the WAI of these workers. CONCLUSION: This study indicated that inadequate working conditions and low WAI impact in the sickness absence, increasing by 33% the length of time off work of school servants.
Differences in how women and men in a Swedish population-based sample think about sick leave: A cross-sectional vignette study
Authors: Hensing Gunnel , Blom Sara , Björkman Ida , Bertilsson Monica , Martinsson Johan , Wängnerud Lena , Löve Jesper
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: Gender differences in attitudes towards depression gives reason to believe that sociocultural gender norms play a role in other areas. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to test (i) if the likelihood to think that sick leave with depression symptoms is not reasonable varies between women and men, and (ii) if the likelihood to think sick leave is not reasonable varies depending on the gender of the individual with depression symptoms. METHODS: A study population of 3147 participants responded to a web-survey with a written case briefly describing a man or woman with symptoms of depression. Respondents were asked if they thought it is reasonable that the person was sick listed for two weeks. Logistic regression was used to analyse the data. RESULTS: After controlling for age, education, self-rated health, and respondent’s own experience of sickness absence the adjusted OR was 1.45 (95% CI 1.25–1.67) for men being less likely to think sick-leave was reasonable. Gender difference decreased when adjusting for negative attitudes towards depression (adjusted OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.06–1.44). No difference was found between how women and men thought about sick leave in relation to the gender of the case described in the vignette. CONCLUSION: Men were more likely to think that sick leave was not reasonable with decreased OR after adjustment for negative attitudes towards depression. Gender norms might be part of the explanation for differences but are challenging to test. This study contributes to a bourgeoning research field on gendered attitudes and sick leave, in terms of theoretical reasoning and methodological choice.
PRACTICAL SESSIONS OF FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS ON THE TERRITORY OF ST. SOPHIA CATHEDRAL
Authors: Slieptsov Oleh , Kukovalska Nelia , Nikanorov Serhii , Novosad Iryna , Kyrylenko Vadym , Pavlova Svitlana , Trofymchuk Sergii , Trotsenko Yelyzaveta , Bazyrin Artem , Lazarieva Viktoriia , Chykunova Daria
Published: September 2023

The article provides an analysis of the results of educational measurement and design work conducted within the territory of the National Conservation Area "St. Sophia of Kyiv" by first-year students of the Department of Fundamentals of Architecture and Architectural Design at Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture. The structure of student work and the methodology of its implementation are described, along with collected samples of student projects and feedback on task execution. The obtained results aim to document the most successful approaches and tools in the educational process, with the goal of improving it in the future.
Vitamin B6, Magnesium, and Vitamin D: the Triple Play
Authors: Chambers Patrick
Published: September 2023

Vitamin B6, magnesium, and vitamin D are important antioxidants. Mg is a required cofactor for the synthesis of vitamin D and the active forms of vitamins B1,2,3,5,6,9,12 (seven of the eight B vitamins). Five of the seven (and magnesium) are critical to the methylation cycle, compromised by MTHFR (methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase) variants, present in the majority of Caucasians and Asians. Homocysteine (Hcy), a powerful pro-oxidant, is upregulated in these variants. Oxidative stress compromises mitochondrial function, required for the synthesis of the active form of vitamin D. Pyridoxal phosphate (P5P or PLP), the active form of B6, enhances the intracellular entry of magnesium and is required for the synthesis of the antioxidants melatonin and glutathione, oft called the “mother” of all antioxidants. Deficiencies of P5P and vitamin D are associated with decreased gut microbiota diversity and short chain fatty acids, e.g., butyrate, as seen in LC and CFS. This suboptimal gut microbiome reflects the continuing decline in the nutritional value of the Western diet. The interdependencies of and associations between P5P, magnesium, and 1,25(OH)2D, the active form of vitamin D, are explored.
Exploring machine learning techniques to develop predictive models to address unemployment rates in the implementation of Industry 4.0
Authors: Chukwuere Joshua Ebere
Published: September 2023

Although there are obstacles related to obtaining data, ensuring model precision, and upholding ethical standards, the advantages of utilizing machine learning to generate predictive models for unemployment rates in developing nations amid the implementation of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) are noteworthy. This research delves into the concept of utilizing machine learning techniques to develop predictive models to address unemployment rates in developing nations during the execution of I4.0. A thorough examination of the literature was carried out through a literature review to determine the economic and social factors that have an impact on the unemployment rates in developing nations. The examination of the literature uncovered that considerable influence on unemployment rates in these nations is attributed to elements such as economic growth, inflation, population increase, education levels, and technological progress. A model that predicts outcomes was suggested using techniques of machine learning like regression analysis and neural networks as a result of considering these factors. The study's findings demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed predictive model in accurately predicting fluctuations in unemployment rates within developing nations. The model serves a dual purpose of predicting future unemployment rates and tracking the advancement of reducing unemployment rates in emerging economies. By persistently conducting research and improvements, decision-makers and enterprises can employ these patterns to arrive at more knowledgeable judgments that can advance the growth of the economy, generation of employment, and alleviation of poverty, specifically in emerging nations.
Evanescent Electron Wave Spin
Authors: Gao Ju , Shen Fang
Published: September 2023

We demonstrate that an evanescent wave spin exists outside a finite quantum well by solving the Dirac equation in a finite cylindrical quantum well. The analytical analysis validates the wavefunction inside an infinite quantum well but recovers a non-zero evanescent wave outside the well. We propose that it is possible to probe or eavesdrop on quantum spin information through the evanescent wave spin without destroying the entire spin state. We argue that a spin-based quantum process or device is deterministic rather than probabilistic.
The Talk about the History of the Treuhandanstalt. Interview with Markus Böick. Part 2 / Transl. by Mironov, V.A.
Authors: Böick M. , Nymoen O.
Published: September 2023

The second  part of the translation  of the interview, which was taken in October  2020  from the  German  historian  Dr.  Markus  Böiсk  by  the  YouTube  blogger  Ole  Nymoen  on  the channel  "Wohlstand für alle", is presented to the attention  of readers.  In the second  part of the  interview, there  is a discussion  of corruption  scandals  related  to the  work of the Treuhandanstalt,   an   organization   for   managing   the   privatization   of   East   German enterprises. M. Böiсk demonstrates all possible  positions  from  different  points  of view, different  participants  and  witnesses  of those  events.  Such  a multi-level and  multi-sided view of a scandalous  and controversial  historical topic may prove to be suitable  material for future  philosophical  and methodological  research concerning  the  ethical  assessment of historical events and political decisions.
Efek Penambahan Antioksidan dan Demulsifier Secara Polimerisasi Pada Proses Penimbunan Diesel Fuel
Authors: Venriza Oksil , Lestari Ika Gita , Riesdiawan Yudhistira
Published: September 2023

B30 is an environmentally friendly fuel used for diesel engines. B30 is very easily contaminated with water sourced from the production process and raw materials from the B30. This water content causes corrosion and has an impact on landfilling. A demulsifier is a way to break down the B30 and water emulsion. In this study, the demulsifier used was acrylate-based and mixed with polar and non-polar solvents. The addition of a demulsifier with a volume of 2 mL, 5 mL, and 10 mL in the stockpiling process with variations of 2 hours, 4 hours, and 6 hours obtained an effect on the volume of water, where the volume of water increases with longer storage time. But the effectiveness of the demulsifier can be evaluated by potentiometrically measuring the water content and FTIR. The demulsifier that was made was also added with an antioxidant in the form of tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) with a concentration of 0.5 M and obtained more separate water layers than without the addition of TBHQ. To obtain the water content value after adding TBHQ, the coulometric and Fourier Transform Infra Red methods were used, which yielded higher results when compared to the absence of TBHQ. So that antioxidants and dimulsifiers have a positive effect on the process of storing diesel fuel.
Practices and perceptions of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda Smith) and striped grass looper (Mocis latipes Guenée) management in maize
Authors: Álvarez Galicia Alejandra , Fajardo Franco Marja Liza , Aguilar Tlatelpa Martin , Hernández Guzmán Karina
Published: September 2023

Objective: To describe practices and perceptions about the fall armyworm and striped grass looper management in maize crops in La Pahua, Francisco Z. Mena, Puebla.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A descriptive study with probability sampling was performed. From April to June 2021, n=79 semi-structured interviews were conducted.
Results: The management of the fall armyworm and striped grass looper is carried out through the application of synthetic insecticides, mainly chlorpyrifos ethyl (81%). The minimal use of personal protective equipment for its application (75%) reflects the lack of knowledge of the population about health risks in the short, medium, and long term; however, producers are interested in receiving technical advice (56%) and are open to the use of alternatives, such as the use of traps (1%) and plant extracts (66%).
Study Limitations/Implications: This is a specific case study; therefore, the results are limited to descriptive statements about the study area.
Findings/Conclusions: The fall armyworm and striped grass looper are controlled with chemicals formulated with chlorpyrifos-ethyl alone or combined with permethrin. These chemicals are applied without the use of appropriate protective equipment. The population showed interest in incorporating other alternatives to synthetic insecticides, especially plant extracts and traps.
EMPLOYABILITY STATUS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE STUDIES GRADUATES IN A POLYTECHNIC STATE COLLEGE IN THE PHILIPPINES
Authors: Pontillas Marlon S. , Fajardo Dan Fereth B.
Published: September 2023

This study examines the employability of graduates from the AB English Language Studies program at Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges (CSPC) in the Philippines, with a specific emphasis on the 2022 batch. This study examines the correlation between the educational background of graduates and their career outcomes, evaluates the program's influence on the academic and professional development of individuals, and assesses the pertinence of the curriculum. The study used a mixed-methods research methodology, incorporating both surveys and interviews, to thoroughly comprehend the graduates' experiences and perceptions. The results indicate a significant correlation between the AB English program and the employment outcomes of its alumni, since a majority of them reported securing jobs that are closely aligned with their educational background. Graduates also recognize the program's favorable impact on academic, communicative, and professional advancement. The curriculum is considered comprehensive and pertinent, with high levels of student satisfaction
Membangun Unit Usaha Pengelolaan Sampah Badan Usaha Milik Desa Di Desa Sukaresik Kabupaten Pangandaran
Authors: Hardika Andhika Ligar , Putra Ivan Gumilar Sambas , Nababan Daniel
Published: September 2023

Perilaku masyarakat dalam mengelola sampah dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap lingkungan untuk mengurangi volume sampah. Unit pengelolaan sampah yang dibangun di Desa Sukaresik Kecamatan Sidamulih Kabupaten Pangandaran ini menjadi salah satu alternatif bagi masyarakat dalam mengelola sampah rumah tangga. Dengan keterampilan dan ide kreatif, sampah rumah tangga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menambah nilai ekonomi dan membuka peluang bagi masyarakat untuk meningkatkan pendapatannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah appreciative inquiry dan working out loud. Hasilnya adalah meningkatnya kesadaran masyarakat terhadap lingkungan dengan pengelolaan sampah, perbaikan sistem administrasi dan struktur organisasi BUMDes, serta pemberdayaan masyarakat untuk menambah nilai ekonomi dari pemanfaatan sampah rumah tangga.
Gaya Kepemimpinan, Motivasi Dan Kinerja Karyawan Akper Saifuddin Zuhri Indramayu Tahun 2022
Authors: Kuspini Ani
Published: September 2023

Institusi yang mampu bersaing dalam pasar adalah institusi yang mampu menyediakan gaya kepemimpinan yang berkualitas dan efektif sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan. Organisasi akan stabil dan kondusif  bila adanya kerjasama dan hubungan yang baik antara pemimpin dengan bawahannya dan peningkatan kinerja yang baik serta membawa kemajuan bagi organisasi untuk dapat bertahan dalam suatu persaingan lingkungan bisnis yang tidak stabil. Oleh karena itu, upaya untuk meningkatkan kinerja karyawan merupakan tantangan bagi pemimpin dalam memilih gaya kepemimpinan yang diterapkan pada organisasi. Sebagai objek penelitian adalah Akademi Keperawatan  Saifuddin Zuhri Indramayu dengan metode total sampling , tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan dan motivasi terhadap kinerja karyawan .  Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kausal dengan menggunakan pendekatan survei. Data yang digunakan adalah informasi primer dan sekunder,  soal kuesioner  disediakan pilihan jawaban dengan aturan berdasarkan skala Likert 5 poin . Tahapan pengujian data yaitu validasi data dan uji reliabilitas serta uji hipotesis. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah variabel bebas Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Motivasi, variabel dependen adalah Kinerja. Analisis data menggunakan metode partial least squares (PLS) dalam model persamaan struktural (SEM).  Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas semua kuesioner memenuhi persyaratan. Dari uji parsial variabel gaya kepemimpinan  berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja karyawan sementara motivasi kerja secara parsial  berpengaruh positif dan  signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dan berdasarkan persamaan regresi menunjukkan bahwa variabel motivasi berpengaruh lebih besar terhadap kinerja karyawan . Secara simultan uji kedua variabel berpengaruh postif dan signifikan  terhadap kinerja karyawan, dan uji koefisien determinasi kedua variabel gaya kepemimpinan dan motivasi, dapat menjelaskan variabel kinerja karyawan.
Comprehensive Study of the Legal Foundations and Problematic Issues of First Aid for Military Personnel (by Servicemen)
Authors:   Main Military Clinical Hospital of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation, Balashikha, Moscow Region, Russian Federation, Naumov P.Y. , Baranova N.N. ,   State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kholikov I.V. ,   Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kuptsov S.A. ,   Main Military Clinical Hospital of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation, Balashikha, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Summary. The purpose of the study is to consider topical issues of legal regulation and improvement of the legislation of the Russian Federation on the issues of first aid to military personnel (by servicemen). Materials and research methods. The theoretical and informational basis of the study was the developments in the field of military and medical law, as well as research in the field of individual issues of legal regulation of medical activity, forensic and military medical examination in the Armed Forces and National Guard troops of the Russian Federation. As a methodology of the study were used comparative-legal and doctrinal approaches, as well as the principles of applying a systematic approach in socio-humanitarian cognition. Research methods were analysis and synthesis, comparison and analogy, system method and modeling. Results of the study and their analysis. The issues of legal regulation of first aid to military personnel (by servicemen) are considered. It is noted that the fulfillment of tasks in the sphere of health care and provision of medical assistance to various categories of persons is an important social task, and the improvement of first aid to servicemen (by military personnel) is an important task of health care, allowing to save the lives of the wounded and sick. The list of conditions in which first aid is provided and the list of first aid measures are analyzed, and the federal executive authorities in which servicemen perform military service are enlisted. Some imperfections of norms and legislative prescriptions in the area under consideration are revealed. It is concluded that the results of the study can be used for further scientific developments in the field of military and medical law and training of personnel of military and medical universities.
Identification of the Solely Time-Dependent Zero-Order Coefficient in a Linear Bi-Flux Diffusion Equation from an Integral Measurement
Authors: TEKİN İbrahim , ÇETİN Mehmet Akif
Published: September 2023

Bi-flux diffusion equation, can be easily affected by the existence of external factors, is known as an anomalous diffusion. In this paper, the inverse problem (IP) of determining the solely time-dependent zero-order coefficient in a linear Bi-flux diffusion equation with initial and homogeneous boundary conditions from an integral additional specification of the energy is considered. The unique solvability of the inverse problem is demonstrated by using the contraction principle for sufficiently small times.
Bisimplicial Commutative Algebras and Crossed Squares
Authors: GÜRMEN ALANSAL Özgün , ULUALAN Erdal
Published: September 2023

A simplicial commutative algebra with Moore complex of length 1 gives a crossed module structure over commutative algebras. In this study, we will give 2-dimensional version of this result by giving hypercrossed complex pairings for a bisimplicial algebra and its Moore bicomplex. We give a detailed calculation in low dimensions for these pairings to see their role in the structures of crossed squares and bisimplicial algebras. In this context, we prove that if the Moore bicomplex of a bisimplicial commutative algebra is of length 1, then it gives a crossed square structure over commutative algebras.
Upaya Meningkatkan Keterampilan Passing Sepak Bola dengan Kaki Bagian Dalam melalui Model Latihan Menggunakan Cone pada Siswa Kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Purwosari
Authors: Jaya Muhammad Nur Rohman , Hadi Antonius Prasetyo
Published: September 2023

The lack of variety in learning is the cause of students feeling bored and often making basic mistakes in passing. This research aims to improve the skill of passing football with the inside of the foot through a training model using cones. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) and is carried out in two cycles, with each cycle consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection. Data collection techniques are by observation, interviews, and documentation. The validity of the data using the technique of triangulation. The results of the study show that the training model using cones can increase students' movement skills in passing soccer with the inside of the foot. It is known that the initial condition of student learning outcomes is 40.6% complete learning and 59.4% have not completed learning. In the first cycle, 75.8% of students had completed their studies and 24.2% had not yet completed their studies. In cycle II, 90.6% of students had completed their studies and 9.4% had not yet completed their studies. It can be concluded that the training model using cones increases interest, liveliness, and movement skills in passing soccer with the inside of the foot in class VII D students of SMP Negeri 1 Purwosari.
Hierotechnicians by Name and their Middle Byzantine Fame
Authors: Roberts Alexandre M.
Published: September 2023

This article examines the names of authors appearing in the front matter of our single most important witness to the Greek Alchemical Corpus, Marcianus graecus 299 (ca. tenth century). The names appear in the table of contents and in a list of authors, both original to the manuscript. The aim is to understand how these authorial attributions would have resonated with readers. What was the portrait of the textual tradition of the Sacred Art that the authorial collectivity implied? The answer, in short: philosophical, imperial, and linked not only with Egypt but also with Persia and the Levant.
AİLENİN EKONOMİK DURUMUNUN ÇOCUKLARIN DİŞ VE AĞIZ SAĞLIĞI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: İNCİ Ramazan , ERATİLLA Veysel
Published: September 2023

Çalışmanın amacı, ebeveynlerin ekonomik durumlarının çocukların ağız içi hijyen ve diş çürüğü üzerine etkisini incelemek ve araştırmak üzere planlanmıştır. Yaşları 3-5 arasında olan özel ve devlet okullarında öğrenimlerine devam eden 383 öğrenci üzerinde hasta formları uygulaması yöntemi ile yüz yüze olarak yapılmıştır Genel olarak çalışmada, sosyo-ekonomik durumu iyi olan ailelerin çocuklarının, ekonomik durumu kötü olan ailelere göre diş çürüğü ortalamasının daha düşük olduğu bulunmuştur. (p
COMPACTION CHARACTERISTICS AND WORKABILITY OF THE LATERITIC SOIL-IRON ORE TAILINGS IN PAVEMENT CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Ishola K. , Adeyemo K.A. , Kareem M.A. , Olawuyi O.A. , Yisa G.L. , Ijimdiya T.S.
Published: September 2023

The mining waste deposit such as iron ore tailings (IOT) in Nigeria is a menace to the environment by constituting a nuisance to the mining industry, and its effect on lateritic soil as a compaction and plasticity reduction material for road pavement is considered in this study. The used natural lateritic soil was classified as A-7-6(11) or CL by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) and Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) respectively. Up to 16% of the soil’s dry weight was modified with iron ore tailings (IOT). Studying the effects of IOT on the altered soil focused on its cation exchange capacity, plasticity, compaction properties and California bearing ratio (CBR). British Standard Light (BSL) energy was used for the compaction process. However, the results of regression analysis showed that the optimum moisture content had a substantial impact on the soil CBR values. The results of the tests show that as the IOT content increased, plasticity and compaction characteristic values increased. Although an optimal 10% IOT treatment of lateritic soil significantly improved its strength properties, the plasticity characteristics recorded exceeded the requirement specified by the Nigerian General Specifications for direct use as a subbase or base material. Thus, reusing 10% iron ore tailings as filling materials required additional percentages of other pozzolanic materials to lessen the environmental problems associated with their deposition.
A Generalized Computational Method for Multi-Ordered Geometric Series
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: September 2023

This paper presents a generalized method for the summation of multi-ordered geometric series that is used for the application of computational science. Computational science is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary area where science, computation, mathematics, and its collaboration use advanced computing capabilities for understanding and solving the most complex real-life problems. Also, the growing complexity of mathematical and computational modelling demands the simplicity of mathematical equations for solving today’s scientific problems and challenges. For this purpose, a new generalized method for the computation of multi-ordered geometric series is introduced in this article.
A holistic approach to preventing type 2 diabetes in Asian women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus: a feasibility study and pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liew Seaw Jia , Soon Chun Siong , Chooi Yu Chung , Tint Mya Thway , Eriksson Johan Gunnar
Published: September 2023

Background

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) exposes women to future risk of Type 2 Diabetes. Previous studies focused on diet and physical activity, less emphasis was given to tackle intertwined risk factors such as sleep and stress. Knowledge remains scarce in multi-ethnic Asian communities. This study explored the: (1) feasibility of a holistic digital intervention on improving diet, physical activity (PA), sleep and stress of Asian women with a history of GDM, and (2) preliminary efficacy of the holistic intervention on women’s physical and mental well-being via a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Methods

Female volunteers with a history of GDM but without pre-existing diabetes were recruited from multi-ethnic Singaporean community. Each eligible woman was given a self-monitoring opportunity using Oura Ring that provided daily feedback on step counts, PA, sleep and bedtime heart rate. Intervention group additionally received personalized recommendations aimed to reinforce healthy behaviors holistically (diet, PA, sleep and stress). Dietary intake was evaluated by a research dietitian, while step counts, PA, sleep and bedtime heart rate were evaluated by health coaches based on Oura Ring data. Perceived physical and mental health and well-being were self-reported. Clinical outcomes included glycemic status determined by HbA1c and OGTT tests, body mass index, blood pressures and lipid profile.

Results

Of 196 women from the community, 72 women completed diabetes screening, 61 women were eligible and 56 women completed the study. The 56 completers had mean age of 35.8 ± 3.7 years, predominantly Chinese, majority had their first GDM diagnosed at least 2 years ago and had two GDM-affected pregnancies. After intervention period, more women in the Intervention group achieved at least 8,000 steps/day and had at least 6 hours of sleep per night. Noticeable reduction of added sugar in their food and beverages were observed after the dietary intervention. Changes in body weight and mental well-being were observed but group differences were not statistically significant.

Conclusions

The holistic approach appeared feasible for personalizing lifestyle recommendations to promote physical and mental well-being among women with a history of GDM. Larger studies with sufficient assessment timepoints and follow-up duration are warranted to improve the evaluation of intervention effects on clinical outcomes.

Clinical trial registration number

https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT05512871, NCT05512871.
An insight into the functional alterations in the gut microbiome of healthy adults in response to a multi-strain probiotic intake: a single arm open label trial
Authors: Rodenes-Gavidia Andrea , Lamelas Araceli , Bloor Sarah , Hobson Anthony , Treadway Sam , Haworth Jordan , Vijayakumar Vineetha , Naghibi Malwina , Day Richard , Chenoll Empar
Published: September 2023

Background

Probiotic supplements, by definition, provide a benefit to the host, but few studies have investigated the effect of probiotic supplements in healthy adult populations.

Purpose

The present, single arm, open label clinical trial, evaluated compositional and functional changes in the fecal microbiome of healthy adults after supplementation with a 14-strain probiotic.

Methods

We analysed the effect of a 14-strain probiotic blend (Bacillus subtilis NCIMB 30223, Bifidobacterium bifidum NCIMB 30179, B. breve NCIMB 30180, B. infantis NCIMB 30181, B. longum NCIMB 30182, Lactobacillus helveticus NCIMB 30184, L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus NCIMB 30186, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei NCIMB 30185, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum NCIMB 30187, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus NCIMB 30188, L. helveticus NCIMB 30224, Lactobacillus salivarius NCIMB 30225, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis NCIMB 30222, and Streptococcus thermophilus NCIMB 30189), on the faecal microbiota of healthy young adults (n=41) in a single arm study. The adults consumed 4 capsules daily of the 14 strain blend(8 billion colony forming units/day) for 8 weeks. Compositional and functional changes in faecal microbiota before and after supplementation were assessed using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Fasting breath analysis, faecal biochemistry and bowel habits were also assessed.

Results

In healthy adult participants, no significant changes to the overall alpha- or beta-diversity was observed after 8 weeks of multi-strain probiotic supplementation. However, in a simplified model that considered only time and individual differences, significant decreases (p < 0.05) in family Odoribacteraceae and Bacteroidaceae abundance and a significant increase (p < 0.05) in genus Megamonas abundance were observed. At a functional level, there were significant changes in functional gene abundance related to several functional pathways, including phenylalanine metabolism, O-antigen nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, bacterial chemotaxis, and flagellar assembly. No significant changes in stool form or frequency, fecal biochemistry, or methane and hydrogen breath tests were observed.

Conclusion

In healthy young adults, overall alpha- and beta-diversity did not change in response to probiotic intake even though modest compositional changes at the family and genus level were observed. However, at functional level, results identified changes in gene abundance for several functional pathways.
Microbiome–transcriptome analysis reveals that dietary supplementation with macleaya cordata extract alters multiple immune pathways with minimal impact on microbial structure
Authors: Wu Jian , Zhang Xiaoli , Zhou Chuanshe , Jiao Jinzhen , Tan Zhiliang
Published: September 2023

Background

As a potential antibiotic alternative, macleaya cordata extract (MCE) has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. This study was conducted to assess the impact of MCE supplementation on the gut microbiota and its interplay with the host in young goats. Thirty female black goats with similar body weight (5.63 ± 0.30 kg) were selected and randomly allotted into one of three diets: a control diet (Control), a control diet with antibiotics (Antibiotics, 21 mg/kg/day vancomycin and 42 mg/kg/day neomycin), and a control diet with MCE (MCE, 3.75% w/w premix).

Results

Principal coordinate analysis of the microbial community showed that samples of Antibiotic clustered separately from both Control and MCE (p < 0.001). The random forest analysis revealed that, in comparison to the Control group, the impact of Antibiotics on the microbiota structure was more pronounced than that of MCE (number of featured microbiota, 13 in Antibiotics and >6 in MCE). In addition, the pathways of significant enrichment either from DEGs between Antibiotics and Control or from DEGs between MCE and Control were almost identical, including Th17 cell differentiation, butanoate metabolism, T-cell receptor signaling pathway, intestinal immune network for IgA production, antigen processing and presentation, and ABC transporters. Furthermore, an integrative analysis indicated that significant positive correlations (p < 0.05) were observed between HEPHL1 and the featured biomarkers Atopostipes, Syntrophococcus, Romboutsia, and Acinetobacter in the MCE group. Conversely, several significant negative correlations (p < 0.05) were identified between HEPHL1 and the featured biomarkers Clostridium_XlVa, Phascolarctobacterium, Desulfovibrio, Cloacibacillus, Barnesiella, Succinatimonas, Alistipes, Oscillibacter, Ruminococcus2, and Megasphaera in the Antibiotics group.

Conclusion

Collectively, the analysis of microbiome–transcriptome data revealed that dietary supplementation with MCE produced significant alterations in multiple immune pathways, while having minimal impact on the microbial structure.
Guidance on left bundle branch pacing using continuous pacing technique and changes in lead V1 characteristics under real-time monitoring
Authors: Zheng Nan , Jiang Longfu , Shen Jiabo , Zhong Jinyan
Published: September 2023

Background

The changes in the morphology and characteristics of the V1 leads during left bundle branch capturing still need to be fully understood.

Objective

This study aims to provide some suggestions about the LBB capture process through the morphology and characteristics of the V1 lead.

Method

LBBP using the continuous pacing and morphology monitoring technique during screw-in using a revolving connector (John Jiang's connecting cable). The morphology and features of V1 leads are recorded by continuous monitoring technology.

Results

The most common morphology in the LVSP stage is QR, while in the NS-LBBP (low output) stage and the NS-LBBP (lower output) stage, it is rSR. In the S-LBBP stage, it is rsR. The predominant morphology is with r/R waves in S-LBBP, which includes variations like rSR, rsR, rSr, rsr, rR, rs, rS, and R type, making up 96.7% of the total. The r waves in lead V1 are associated with agitated myocardium conducted from the left bundle branch.

Conclusion

The initial r-wave in lead V1 may be a marker during the follow-up of patients with selective LBB capture.
Welcome to the oops club!: Varied patterns of mistake responses in a veteran teacher’s classroom
Authors: Donaldson Maleka
Published: September 2023

This study explores the range of distinct mistake responses that one veteran public school teacher employs with her class of 20 Kindergarten students during daily learning and teaching. Relying on more than 60 h of classroom observations and using a grounded theory approach, a micro-level, qualitative analysis of the teacher’s responses to each child’s mistakes was conducted, attending to words and actions during instructional interactions captured in fieldnotes and video recordings. Data analysis of observed teaching practices revealed five distinct patterns that the teacher used to help children correct academic and/or behavioral mistakes. The amount and type of teacher involvement ranged from little engagement with mistakes for students who rarely made any, to heavy-handed supports for children who routinely struggled to obtain right answers.