bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Contract for Rendering Paid Services in the Civil Law of Russia and France
Authors: Slesarev V. L. , Kravets V. D.
Published: April 2023

The paper provides a comparative legal research on the regulation of relations for rendering paid services under civil laws of Russia and France. The authors note the significant influence of Roman private law on the formation of legal regulation of the relations under consideration in France. The paper explores the problems of differentiating legal regimes of works and services, as well as the admissibility of their convergence. It also analyzes the possibility of involving third parties in the performance of a contract for rendering paid services and pecularities of its termination, including termination in the case of impossibility of execution. The relevance of the research is explained by the fact that Russian legislation and law enforcement practice lack comprehensive criteria for differentiating between works and services, which affects the legal qualification of relations under consideration. In order to find a solution to this problem and ways to improve the quality of legal regulation of relations of providing paid services, the authors turn to the study of the French law and order. The authors come to the conclusion that French legislation allows for the convergence of legal and economic concepts of services. This approach makes it possible to combine into a special group all known contracts related to useful economic activity in favor of the customer, as well as to approach the issue of interrelation between the contract for rendering paid services and the works contracts. The analysis of the concept and legal regime of works and services allows us to distinguish two features — legal and factual — inherent in the works contract and paid services contract. Within the framework of specifics of the termination of the paid services contract, the authors investigate three problems: unilateral refusal to perform the contract, termination of the contract in the event of the death of the parties and the impossibility of its execution.
Anotaciones culturales sobre el barroco (y sus aledaños) en la obra de Caballero Bonald
Authors: Pedrós-Gascón Antonio
Published: April 2023

Este artículo analiza el continuado movimiento hacia una estética barroca que la obra de Caballero Bonald recibe a raíz de tres episodios importantes de salud que le afectaron. En esta consolidación del estilo barroco fueron capitales su exposición a la realidad americana durante sus estancias en Colombia y Cuba que hizo en los 60. Ambos eventos se reflejan en el léxico e ideologemas que van a aparecer en sus textos a partir de entonces. Por último, este estudio aborda la importancia de la escritura barroca como fármacon con el que superar el «coitus interruptus» como escritor —término que él utiliza—, en el que se hallaba hasta entrada la década de los 70, momento en el que publicó Ágata ojo de gato y Descrédito del héroe.
On the psychological structure of alienation syndrome and the mechanisms of negative “voice” content
Authors: Sagalakova Olga A. , Truevtsev Dmitry V. , Zhirnova Olga V.
Published: April 2023

AIM. To discuss the historical traditions, modern approaches and experimental research data of the alienation syndrome, including the phenomena of mental automatism, depersonalization, voices; to comprehend the correlation between the phenomena of alienation and dissociation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS. Data from classical pathopsychological experiments which investigating the psychological structure of the alienation syndrome are analyzed. In the pathopsychological school of B.V. Zeigarnik aspects of the examination situation, including mental tension and presence of errors perceptible to the examinee, were studied as moderators of the dynamics of the KandinskyClerambault syndrome. The role of social evaluation factor as a significant source of strengthening or weakening of symptoms was shown. Manifestations of alienation are often perceived as negative influences exerting power over the individual, controlling, humiliating, insulting or interfering with performance. Auditory hallucinations are not so much an auditory event, a perceptual defect, as a psychosocial dialogic phenomenon embodying internalized, often negative, patterns of social interaction. Contemporary psychotherapies for auditory hallucinations include an understanding of the role of metacognitive strategies, social emotions, negative content, and patterns of voice: interaction.
Remote damage after spinal cord injury
Authors: Chelyshev Yuri A.
Published: April 2023

After spinal cord injury pathological changes in the lesion site and adjacent segments are described in detail. Data are accumulating on the tissue response in the areas of the spinal cord and even the brain distant from the epicentre of spinal cord injury. The concept of plasticity and post-traumatic responses in remote lumbar regions, which contain a specific circuits of interneurons known as the central pattern generator, is particularly important for the recovery of motor function. Among the factors influencing the plasticity of neuronal connections and regenerative potential in the area remote from the lesion epicentre, myeloid infiltration, microglial reactivity, neuroinflammation, and molecular rearrangements of the extracellular matrix are only beginning to be systematically studied. After thoracic spinal cord injury rapid responses develop in the lumbar cord that are characteristic of disintegration of the axons of the descending tracts. These shifts are accompanied by glial reactivity, synapse elimination, imbalance between excitation and inhibition, and disruption of connections in neural networks. This severity of these remote changes depends on the type and severity of the injury, which determines the different involvement and degree of destruction of the descending motor pathways. The review presents an analysis of experimental data on the responses and reorganization of the neural network in the lumbar spinal cord after injury in the proximal regions. The lesional biomarkers are of particular interest as a possible cause of pathological changes in distant areas. These molecules are released from dying cells at the epicenter of injury, appear in the cerebrospinal fluid, and acting as injury-associated molecular patterns and alarmins, can exert a neurotoxic effect in areas remote from the epicenter of injury.
Isolation and pathogenicity evaluation of Phytophthora colocasiae causing leaf blight disease in taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) in some Northern provinces, Vietnam
Authors: Le Thi Thuy , Nguyen Thi Na , Le Thi Tuoi , Nguyen Xuan Viet
Published: April 2023

The study aimed to isolate and purify the pathogenic fungal strains isolated from blight disease taro leaves in some provinces of Northern Vietnam, from which to select the pathogenic strains belonging to Phytophthora colocasiae species, and to determine their toxicity on taro plants. From leaf tissue showing leaf blight collected from taro fields in 6 places in Bac Giang, Bac Ninh, Hanoi, and Hoa Binh provinces, 6 strains of the fungus were isolated. Based on the morphological characteristics as well as ITS rDNA sequences, it was confirmed that two of the six strains were Phytophthora colocasiae and named BN1 and SB, respectively. The sporangium of strain BN1 was ovoid and strain SB was a semi-papillary spherical shape. Both fungal strains grew well on CGA and PGA media and had equivalent toxicity through in vitro infection testing on 3 taro gene sources.
Um ambiente para processamento digital de sinais aplicado à comunicação vocal homem-máquina
Authors: Passos Márcio G. , Silva Patric Lacouth da , Costa Silvana Luciene Do Nascimento Cunha , Aguiar Neto Benedito Guimarães , Fechine Joseana Macêdo
Published: April 2023

Este trabalho trata do estudo e implementação de técnicas de processamento digital de sinais que são utilizadas em sistemas de resposta vocal como: sistemas de reconhecimento de voz, reconhecimento de locutor e sistemas de síntese de voz. Foi utilizada a linguagem de programação C na elaboração de funções que caracterizam os sinais de voz. Foram implementados algoritmos para conversão amostras-texto, detecção de início e fim, pré-ênfase, janelamento de Hamming e extração de parâmetros temporais. Estes parâmetros incluem energia, taxa de cruzamento por zero, número total de picos, diferença no número de picos e coeficiente de correlação normalizado. Foram propostos algoritmos diferenciados para a taxa de cruzamento por zero e para o detector de início e fim. Com o intuito de criar um ambiente didático, construiu-se uma interface gráfica amigável utilizando uma plataforma de desenvolvimento orientada a eventos.
O Curso de Licenciatura em Química do CEFETPB: uma proposta de syllabus/course design
Authors: Edmundson Maria Verônica Andrade da Silveira , Oliveira Mônica Maria Montenegro de
Published: April 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar os passos que o professor poderá seguir ao preparar um Curso em Inglês Instrumental dirigido para leitura (ESP - English for Specific Purposes directed at reading). Primeiro, apresentamos a análise do resultado da coleta de dados concebida para fazer o levantamento das necessidades de aprendizagem e da situação-alvo - determinante para a construção dos objetivos e, consequentemente, do syllabus do curso. Em segundo lugar, mostramos como o resultado dessa análise está relacionada à elaboração dos objetivos e syllabus, e o que esperamos dos nossos alunos como resultado do curso. Por fim, exporemos uma proposta de syllabus de um "Course Design".
Aplicação e desenvolvimento de atividade de vídeo: relato de experiência de professores de Inglês nos Ensinos Técnico e Superior
Authors: Araújo Marcus De Souza , Oliveira Mônica Maria Montenegro de , Luz Rita de Cássia A. da
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma sugestão de atividade desenvolvida com alunos da educação profissional/graduação, como alternativa complementar e interdisciplinar no ensino de línguas estrangeiras instrumentais. A atividade foi desenvolvida em sala de aula, a partir do filme "Vida de Inseto" com um roteiro de atividades. Ainda, foram discutidos temas interdisciplinares, entre eles liderança, empreendedorismo e tomada de decisão.
Super-resolution microscopy based on wide spectrum denoising and compressed sensing
Authors:   Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Cheng T. , Jin H. ,   Guangxi University of Science and Technology
Published: April 2023

WSD can effectively remove random noise of a raw image from very low density to ultra-high density fluorescent molecular distribution scenarios. The size of the raw image that WSD can denoise is subject to the used measurement matrix. A large raw image must be divided into blocks so that WSD denoises each block separately. Based on traditional single-molecule localization and super-resolution reconstruction scenarios, wide spectrum denoising (WSD) for blocks of different sizes was studied. The denoising ability is related to block sizes. The general trend is when the block gets larger, the denoising effect gets worse. When the block size is equal to 10, the denoising effect is the best. Using compressed sensing, only 20 raw images are needed for reconstruction. The temporal resolution is less than half a second. The spatial resolution is also greatly improved.
Formation of features based on computational topology methods
Authors:   Sobolev Institute of Mathematics, SB RAS, Omsk Branch, Chukanov S.N.
Published: April 2023

The use of traditional methods of algebraic topology to obtain information about the shape of an object is associated with the problem of forming a small amount of information, namely, Betti numbers and Euler characteristics. The central tool for topological data analysis is the persistent homology method, which summarizes the geometric and topological information in the data using persistent diagrams and barcodes. Based on persistent homology methods, topological data can be analyzed to obtain information about the shape of an object. The construction of persistent barcodes and persistent diagrams in computational topology does not allow one to construct a Hilbert space with a scalar product. The possibility of applying the methods of topological data analysis is based on mapping persistent diagrams into a Hilbert space; one of the ways of such mapping is a method of constructing a persistence landscape. It has an advantage of being reversible, so it does not lose any information and has persistence properties. The paper considers mathematical models and functions for representing persistence landscape objects based on the persistent homology method. Methods for converting persistent barcodes and persistent diagrams into persistence landscape functions are considered. Associated with persistence landscape functions is a persistence landscape kernel that forms a mapping into a Hilbert space with a dot product. A formula is proposed for determining a distance between the persistence landscapes, which allows the distance between images of objects to be found. The persistence landscape functions map persistent diagrams into a Hilbert space. Examples of determining the distance between images based on the construction of persistence landscape functions for these images are given. Representations of topological characteristics in various models of computational topology are considered. Results for one-parameter persistence modules are extended onto multi-parameter persistence modules.
Development and research of a neural network alternate incremental learning algorithm
Authors:   Murom Institute (branch) of Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nickolay Stoletovs, Orlov A.A. , Abramova E.S. ,   Murom Institute (branch) of Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nickolay Stoletovs
Published: April 2023

In this paper, the relevance of developing methods and algorithms for neural network incremental learning is shown. Families of incremental learning techniques are presented. A possibility of using the extreme learning machine for incremental learning is assessed. Experiments show that the extreme learning machine is suitable for incremental learning, but as the number of training examples increases, the neural network becomes unsuitable for further learning. To solve this problem, we propose a neural network incremental learning algorithm that alternately uses the extreme learning machine to correct the only output layer network weights (operation mode) and the backpropagation method (deep learning) to correct all network weights (sleep mode). During the operation mode, the neural network is assumed to produce results or learn from new tasks, optimizing its weights in the sleep mode. The proposed algorithm features the ability for real-time adaption to changing external conditions in the operation mode. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is shown by an example of solving the approximation problem. Approximation results after each step of the algorithm are presented. A comparison of the mean square error values when using the extreme learning machine for incremental learning and the developed algorithm of neural network alternate incremental learning is made.
Using a lightweight Siamese neural network for generating a feature vector in a vascular authentication system
Authors:   Vyatka State University, Prozorov D.E. , Zemtsov A.V. ,   Vyatka State University
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes the possibility of using a Siamese convolutional neural network to solve the problem of vascular authentication on an embedded hardware platform with limited computing resources (Orange Pi One). The authors give a brief review of modern methods for calculating image feature vectors used in the tasks of classifying, comparing or searching for images by content: based on variational series (histograms), local descriptors, singular point descriptors, descriptors based on hash functions, neural network descriptors. They suggest using the architecture of a biometric authentication system (BAS) based on images of palms in the visible and near-IR spectra based on a Siamese convolutional neural network. The developed software solution allows using the Siamese neural network in the "full network" (both symmetrical channels of the neural network are used) and "half of the neural network" (only one channel is used) modes to reduce the time for comparing biometric data vectors - images of the palms of registered BAS users. The authors demonstrate advantages of the neural network features: universality, scalability and competitiveness, including on embedded hardware and software solutions with limited computing resources without graphics accelerators. The studies have shown that using the Siamese neural network, the "overall accuracy" of palm image classification can be improved from 0.929 to 0.968 when compared with the image vectorization method based on a perceptual hash, while showing a comparable authentication time for individuals registered in BAS. In the experiments, the authors use a database of 2,000 images for 400 people.
Method for detecting road defects using images obtained from unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Kataev M.Yu. , Kartashov E.Y. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Avdeenko V.D. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics
Published: April 2023

With road defects being a key factor in traffic accidents, driver safety, vehicle condition and travel speed, they need to be promptly repaired. The defects include cracks, ruts and potholes on the road surface, and if not repaired in due time, they grow in size very quickly. There are various methods that are used to detect road defects, one of which is a computer vision method. Typically, digital cameras are installed on cars and then the resulting set of images from a given section of the road is processed. This article proposes a technique for obtaining images using unmanned aerial vehicles, which provides the required amount of data to assess the road condition on lengthy road sections. A technique for identifying road cracks and estimating parameters defined in the road traffic regulations is proposed. As a result of the studies, real images are obtained and processed using the method proposed herein, showing high performance and accuracy and indicating the possibility of its future practical uses.
Laser beam shaping in an apodizer with a rectangular serrated aperture
Authors:   P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute RAS, Sizova I.M.
Published: April 2023

Profile transformation of a uniform monochromatic beam with a flat wavefront after the propagation through an apodizer comprising a square serrated aperture and a spatial filter is theoretically considered at the apodizer exit and behind it. Main differences from the case of the circular apodizer geometry are shown. Roles of the square serrated aperture angles, the phase in Fresnel diffraction, the shape of the aperture serrations and serration height-to-period ratio are analyzed.
Subcarrier wave continuous-variable quantum key distribution with Gaussian modulation: composable security analysis
Authors:   ITMO University, Leading Research Center ", Goncharov R.K. ,   National Center of Quantum Internet", Kiselev A.D. ,   ITMO University, Leading Research Center "National Center of Quantum Internet",   ITMO University, Laboratory of Quantum Processes and Measurements, Samsonov E.O. ,   ITMO University, Leading Research Center "National Center of Quantum Internet", Egorov V.I. ,   ITMO University, Leading Research Center "National Center of Quantum Internet"
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we continue the study of the quantum cryptographic GG02 protocol, performed using the approach based on the subcarrier waves. We modify the scheme via heterodyne detection and perform security analysis for the full trusted hardware noise model in the presence of collective attacks with finite-key effects. It is shown that the system can potentially distribute the key even if the level of losses in the channel is above 9 dB. This result is consistent with the general technical level and comply with modern standards of practical CV-QKD systems. Finally, the system under consideration fully meets the criterion of composability.
A Fourier-invariant squared Laguerre-Gaussian vortex beam
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Kozlova E.S. ,   Samara National Research University, Savelyeva A.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Kovalev A.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Kotlyar V.V. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: April 2023

It is shown that a squared Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) vortex beam is Fourier-invariant and retains its structure at the focus of a spherical lens. In the Fresnel diffraction zone, such a beam is transformed into superposition of conventional LG beams, the number of which is equal to the number of rings in the squared LG beam. If there is only one ring, then the beam is structurally stable. A more general beam, which is a “product” of two LG beams, is also considered. Such a beam will be Fourier-invariant if the number of rings in two LG beams in the “product” is the same. The considered beams complement the well-known family of LG beams, which are intensively studied as they remain stable during their propagation in turbulent media.
Modified prism methods for measuring the refractive index of solid and liquid substances
Authors:   HSE University, Yurin A.I. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Optical and Physical Measurements, Vishnyakov G.N. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Optical and Physical Measurements,   Bauman University, Minaev V.L. ,   HSE University,   All-Russian Research Institute for Optical and Physical Measurements
Published: April 2023

Methods for measuring the refractive index of optically transparent dielectric materials are considered. Modified methods based on the methods of minimum deviation and constant deviation are proposed and allow determining the refractive index of triangular prisms with unknown apex angles. In the proposed methods, the angles of light deviation on three faces of the prism are measured, and the refractive index of the material and the prism angles are determined from the solution of a system of equations. To implement the proposed methods, a goniometric system is used. That system was designed to measure angles between the flat surfaces of objects in manual and automated modes. Reference prism samples made of N-SF 1 optical glass, and a hollow prism filled with distilled water are studied. The proposed methods are compared and the measurement error is estimated. It is shown that the modified methods can be used for high-precision measurements of the refractive index in cases where the angles of the prism are unknown, or their measurement is associated with technical difficulties.
Coupled-mode theory for resonant gratings with a varying period
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Bykov D.A. ,   Samara National Research University, Bezus E.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Doskolovich L.L. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: April 2023

We propose a coupled-mode theory for resonant diffraction gratings with a varying period. We consider diffractive structures, in which the reciprocal lattice vector, a quantity inversely proportional to the period, varies linearly in the direction of periodicity. It is shown that optical properties of such a structure essentially depend on the period change rate. On the basis of a comparison with the results of rigorous numerical simulations using the rigorous coupled-wave analysis, high accuracy of the proposed theoretical model is demonstrated. In particular, the developed coupled-mode theory describes the broadening of the resonant peak and the appearance of secondary maxima caused by a non-zero period change rate. The obtained results can be used for the development of linear variable filters based on resonant diffraction gratings with varying parameters.
Minimal focal spot obtained by focusing circularly polarized light
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Stafeev S.S. ,   Samara National Research University, Zaitcev V.D. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Kotlyar V.V. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: April 2023

In this paper, using the Richards-Wolf equations, we analyze focusing circularly polarized light with flat diffractive lenses. It is shown that as the numerical aperture of the lens increases, the size of the focal spot first decreases and then begins to grow. The minimum focal spot is observed at NA=0.96 (FWHM=0.55λ). With a further increase in the numerical aperture of the lens, the growth of the longitudinal component leads to an increase in the size of the focal spot. When the flat diffractive lens is replaced by an aplanatic lens, the size of the focal spot decreases monotonically as the numerical aperture of the lens increases.
A Testicular Leydig Cell Tumor; An Uncommon Cause of Precocious Puberty: A Case Report With Secondary Central Precocious Puberty
Authors: Mousavi Seyede Tahereh , Zohrabi Farshad , Farzaneh Mohammad Reza
Published: April 2023

Sexual precocity in boys is defined as any sign of secondary sexual characteristics present before the age of 9. Leydig cell tumors of the testes are a rare cause of peripheral precocious puberty in boys. Here, we report 8 years and 4-month-old boys with signs of peripheral precocious puberty because of a testicular Leydig cell tumor that developed true precocious puberty after surgical removal. Examination of genitalia showed Tanner 4 hair growth. The penis length was 14.5 cm with a 2.5 cm width. The right testis was enlarged but the left testis was measured at 2cm in length and 1 cm in width. Laboratory results showed low serum gonadotropin levels and increased androgen levels. Testicular sonography reported one solid mass measured 31×28×15 millimeters. With a presumptive diagnosis of Leydig cell tumor, the patient underwent radical orchiectomy. Pathologic evaluation confirmed it. Two months after surgery, the diagnosis of central precocious puberty was confirmed according to physical examination and rising of serum gonadotropins. We started treatment with a Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist. Leydig cell tumor in children is an uncommon cause of precocious puberty. In every boy with the sign of peripheral precocious puberty and asymmetrical testicular enlargement, the testicular tumor should be considered. It may induce central precocious puberty after surgical resection and this diagnosis should be considered in the patient’s follow-up in the next visits.
pKpQIL-like plasmid contributes to the dissemination of bla NDM-1 and plasmid mediated quinolone resistance determinants among multi drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Assiut university hospital, Egypt
Authors: Hammad Heba Ali , Mohamed Ismail Seddik , El-Badawy Omnia , M Zakaria Amira , Shabaan Lamia , Ahmed Aly Sherine
Published: April 2023

Background and Objectives: Concomitant carriage of bla NDM-1 and plasmid mediated quinolone resistance determinants (PMQRs) by multi drug resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) has increased globally, often related to their presence on transmissible plasmids. In this study, we hypothesized the presence of bla and PMQRs on a single conjugative plasmid that circulates among K. pneumoniae strains isolated from Assiut University Hospital.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-two clinical MDR K. pneumoniae strains harboring both bla NDM-1 and PMQRs were gen- otyped using pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Horizontal transfer of bla and PMQRs was evaluated by conjugation and trans-conjugants were screened for the presence of both genes and integron by PCR. Trans-conjugant’s plasmid DNA bands were purified using agarose gel electrophoresis and different DNA bands were screened for bla NDM-1 and PMQRs. Plasmids carrying bla NDM-1 and PMQRs were typed by PCR based replicon typing.
Results: All MDR K. pneumoniae contained class 1 integron and belonged to 15 pulsotypes. Bla NDM-1 and PMQRs were co-transferred in each conjugation process. Multiple replicons (5-9 types) were detected in each trans-conjugant; with In- cFIIK and IncFIB-KQ replicons being common among all trans-conjugants. Both bla pKpQIL-like multi-replicon plasmid that was present in all K. pneumoniae strains. NDM-1 and PMQRs were detected on a
Conclusion: In view of these results, the presence of bla NDM-1 and PMQRs on pKpQIL-like plasmid that existed in multiple unrelated K. pneumoniae isolates is highly suggestive of the circulation of pKpQIL-like MDR plasmids in our hospitals. Moreover, carriage of integrons by the-circulating MDR plasmids increases the risk of dissemination of antimicrobial resis- tance among pathogens.
Detection of genes encoding enterotoxins (SEA-D) in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from workers’ nasal samples and creamy pastries of Shiraz confectioneries
Authors: Masihinejad Aliasghsr , Bonyadian Mojtaba , Motamedifar Mohammad
Published: April 2023

Background and Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the majority of food poisoning all around the world. Nasal carriers of S. aureus and foodstuffs need for handling are important sources and vehicles to transmit this pathogen to ready-to-eat foods. According to hygienic standards, confectioners should not be contaminated with S. aureus. This study aimed to detect nasal carriers and creamy pastries contaminated with enterotoxigenic S. aureus in confectioneries of Shiraz, Iran.
Materials and Methods: From the confectioneries of Shiraz city, 27 places in the north, south, center, west, and east areas were selected randomly then 100 creamy pastries samples and 117 nasal swabs were collected. Bacteriological and biochem- ical tests were performed to isolate S. aureus. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test was used to identify the virulence and enterotoxins genes of the S. aureus isolates. Agar disk diffusion was performed to find out the antibiotic resistance of the isolates.
Results: Results revealed that 16.24 and 33 percent of workers and creamy pastries were contaminated with S. aureus respec- tively. Also, 100%, 37%, 58%, and 6% of nasal samples harbored femA, mecA, sea, and sec genes respectively. According to the results 97%, 70%, 54.5%, and 6% of creamy pastries isolates harbored femA, mecA, sea, and sec genes respectively. No isolate carried seb and sed genes. The results also showed that 41.5% of nasals and 5.5% of creamy pastry isolates har- bored both sea and sec genes. The sea was the most common enterotoxin gene observed in nasal and creamy pastries. The results of the antimicrobial resistance test showed that 68.42% of nasal and 48.48% of creamy pastry isolates were resistant to cefocxitn (FOX) respectively. Both nasal (89%) and creamy pastry (82%) isolates presented the highest resistance to pen- icillin (P) and the most sensitivity to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (SXT) (94%). Most of the isolates were sensitive to erythromycin (E), aztreonam (AZM), tetracycline (TE), trimethoprim (TMP), and ciprofloxacin (CP). Isolates of S. aureus harboring multi-enterotoxin genes were resistant to more antibiotics than others.
Conclusion: The presence of enterotoxigenic S. aureus in the workers’ nasal samples and creamy pastries of Shiraz confec- tioneries was high which is a potential public health hazard.
Effect of new methionine-based ionic liquid on the CDR1 and CDR2 gene expression on sensitive and resistant strains of Candida albicans
Authors: Eslami Mona , Ezabadi Ali , Bayat Mansour , Omidi Behin , Mortazavi Pejman
Published: April 2023

Background and Objectives: Previous researchers showed the antimicrobial ability of ionic liquids (ILs) on different infec- tive agents. ILs can dissolve organic components, especially DNA molecules. Among synthesized eight binary ILs mixtures, we have chosen ([Met-HCl] [PyS]) IL for determining the antifungal ability of IL against Candida albicans cells.
Materials and Methods: Well diffusion assay, chrome agar and Germ tube tests were used to detect the Candida samples. PCR, real-time-PCR, and flow cytometry tests were performed to determine the IL's rate of toxic ability.
Results: Well diffusion assay revealed the diameters of the growth inhibition zones were the largest in IL with methionine and Proline amino acids. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the Minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) tests showed that they inhibited the growth of the C. albicans at a range from 250 µg/ml for sensitivity and 400 µg/ml for resis- tance, MIC average of all samples were 341.62 ± 4.153 µg/ml. IL reduced the expression of CDR1 and CDR2 the genes encoded by the major protein of ABC system transporter by 2.1 (P= 0.009) and 1.2 fold (P= 0.693), revealed by PCR and real time-PCR. In the flow cytometry test, there were increasing dead cells after treating with the ([Met-HCl] [PyS]) even in the most resistant strain.
Conclusion: The novel IL was effective against the most clinical and standard C. albicans.
Therapeutic Routes for Movement Disorders in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Narrative Review Study
Authors: Dodangeh Amir , Najafi Ashtiani Mohammed
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive and chronic disorder that has one of the fastest worldwide growths among the neurological diseases. The main problem of the patients with PD is the loss of dopamine producing cells in their nervous system, which causes symptoms such as tremors, slowness of movements, walking disorder and postural instability. Parkinson's disease, by affecting the neuromuscular system as well as the proprioceptive feedback integration and processing, can lead to postural instability and falling of the patients. Treatments included pharmaceutical therapy, electrotherapy, and new methods of brain stimulation and exercise therapy. The pharmaceutical therapy is the most important part of treatment, but it comes with side effects for the patients. Electrotherapy and exercise therapy have been widely used to treat the patients' movement disorders. This narrative review study aimed to mention various routes of pharmaceutical therapy and electrotherapy methods, and then focused on exercise therapy to reduce movement disorders in the patients with PD.
Conclusion: Stretching and resistance exercises, performing yoga and tai chi movements, as well as using the virtual reality system caused reduced displacement of the center of pressure while standing, increased speed of walking, improved quality of life and reduced frequency of falls.
Effect of Eight Weeks of High-Intensity Intermittent Swimming Training on the Biochemical Factors of Lipid Metabolism and Hippocampal Memory Function of Male Rats with Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)
Authors: Zare Bahare , Daryanoosh Farhad , Rezaei Rasoul , Nemati Javad , Hemmatinafar Mohammad
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The molecular mechanisms of the improvement of exercise on memory are in the aura of ambiguity.Therefore, the aim of this research was studying the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity intermittent swimming training (HIIST) on the biochemical factors of lipid metabolism and hippocampal memory function of male rats with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
Methods: The present study was experimental. 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: healthy (n=20) and high-fat HFD (n=20) groups. Rats in the HFD group were fed a high-fat diet for eight weeks with the aim of inducing NASH. After proving the disease in HFD group rats, the remaining rats were randomly divided into four groups: healthy-sedentary (n=9), healthy-swimming (n=9), sedentary disease (n=9) and diseased-swimming (n=9). The exercise groups performed eight weeks of HIIST (three sessions/week, each session lasting 30 minutes). At the end, FNDC5 protein was evaluated by western blot method and brain hippocampal irisin and serum FFA by ELISA method. Memory performance was measured by the water Maz-Morris behavioral test. One-way ANOVA test was used to determine the difference between groups, and Bonferroni's post hoc test was used to determine the difference between two groups (p<0.05).
Results: The findings showed that there was a significant difference in the FNDC5 protein and irisin of the brain hippocampus and serum FFA and in memory function variables between the groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: HIIST in NASH model can activate lipid metabolism in the hippocampus of the brain and improve memory function. However, more research is needed in this field.
BORDERS IN THE STORY OF THE FOREST OF UKRAINE "CITY OF SADNESS"
Authors: Podlisetska O. O.
Published: April 2023

The story "City of Sorrows" explores the phenomenon of the border as a kind of denial of borders. The borderline states of consciousness of the narrator and the characters in comparison with reality are analyzed. The types of borderline states in the story at the level of visual impressions (light) and auditory (sounds) are revealed.
INSERTED SYNTACTIC CONSTRUCTIONS AS REPRESENTATIVES OF THE CATEGORY OF ADDRESSABILITY IN ARTISTIC DISCOURSE
Authors: Kishchenko A. M.
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of syntactic means of representation of the communicative position of the addressee in the modern Ukrainian literary text. One of the means of expressing modality is considered - inserted constructions that are markers of author's speech. The category of addressability is defined as a special parameter of artistic text creation. The relationship between the category of addressability and other categories of literary text is characterized. The peculiarities of the use of inserted syntactic constructions by modern Ukrainian writers, first of all, in the functional aspect are analyzed. Different types of narratives in the literary text are presented and the use of syntactic constructions inserted in them is traced.
TRANSFORMATION OF SEMANTICS OF THE TOKEN «VOLUNTEER» IN MEDIADISCOURS AND NETWORK-DISCOURS
Authors: Kondratenko N. V. , Onishchenko O. O.
Published: April 2023

The article presents an analysis of the use of the token "volunteer" in the Ukrainian electronic media and the discourse of social networks. The specifics of the semantic structure of the token and its contextual environment are determined. A set of semantic components present in the token "volunteer" in media and network discourses is presented. The focus was on the token "volunteer", the meaning of which has expanded under the influence of extralingual factors, in particular in the media and social networks. It has been proved that in media discourse and social networks peripheral semantics falls into the nuclear part of meaning – "help", "gratuitousness", "gratitude", "voluntariness". In social networks, the periphery is significantly expanded through the addition of "assistance", "patriotism", "help".
The Mediation Role of Organizational Identification on Emotional Intimacy and Collaborative Behaviors in Public and Private Organizations
Authors: Huțul Andreea , Holman Andrei Corneliu
Published: April 2023

Our study aimed to examine whether the relationship between emotional intimacy and collaborative behaviors (i.e., helping behaviors and counterproductive behaviors) is mediated by organizational identification (cognitive and affective). These relationships were investigated both among public and private sector employees. The research was conducted on a sample of 269 employees (Mean age = 32.60), 128 participants from the public sector, and 141 from the private sector, average seniority at work = 64.87 months. A set of questionnaires was completed online and all participation was voluntary. The study used the convenience sampling method, and participants were recruited through the snowballing technique. The results indicated the mediating role of organizational identification on the relationship between emotional intimacy and collaborative, helping and counterproductive behaviors. Thus, the more people feel comfortable sharing their emotions at work and identify with the organization on a cognitive and/or affective level, the more they engage in helping behaviors directed toward colleagues and the organization, and at the same time, engagement decreases deviant behaviors. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of the study.
Emotional Development and Integral University Education
Authors: De Lourdes Rodriguez Peralta Maria , Tobón Tobón Sergio , Aniceto Vargas Paula Flora
Published: April 2023

Currently university students live a series of problems, both external and internal to the educational institution that induce them to dropout school and/or poor academic performance and to highly vulnerable social development in the professional, work and even personal context. In the external context: violence, loss of values, injustices and even alterations in the order of the ecological system among others and in the context within the educational institution can be mentioned the low motivation of the student, the lack of knowledge of study techniques, the weakness of knowledge prior to the corresponding point of his school career, the low resilience to the changes presented in his personal context; factors (all of them) that keep him in a critical situation of stress. The purpose of this study was to analyse the need for an integral formation that can be implemented and endowed with socio-emotional tools to the student. Through the documentary analysis it is found that from the socioformation each one of the actors of the educational process must form a community in continuous learning that lives the elements of an emotional education that contributes to the social.
Conflicto por el agua : complejidad y tratamiento interdisciplinario
Authors: Soberón Luis
Published: April 2023

El problema que se busca esclarecer en esta publicación es «la escasez del agua en la cuenca del río Ica y de Alto Pampas», y vinculada a esta problemática, la política pública, considerada, primero, como un «problema complejo» y, luego, enunciada como un «sistema complejo». Su análisis y comprensión se realizó mediante un estudio interdisciplinario con la participación de investigadores provenientes de los campos de la Ingeniera, Economía, Antropología y Sociología. En tal sentido, el desafío asumido fue comprender la complejidad del problema y los procesos sistémicos que subyacen a la «escasez del agua» en el valle de Ica. El complejo problema de estudio abarca las cuencas del Alto Pampas y del río Ica, interconectadas por obras hidráulicas que transvasan aguas de la primera a la segunda. Ámbito que, en términos políticoadministrativos, involucra las actuales regiones de Huancavelica e Ica.
Escasez de agua en la cuenca del río Ica y el Alto Pampas en Huancavelica : un intento de mirada interdisciplinaria
Authors: Damonte Gerardo
Published: April 2023

El presente artículo intenta realizar una mirada interdisciplinaria sobre la problemática de la escasez de agua en la cuenca del río Ica y del Alto Pampas, en las regiones de Ica y Huancavelica, respectivamente. La aproximación interdisciplinaria a la problemática de escasez del agua, dado que se trata de un problema complejo determinado por múltiples factores, los cuales no son aislados ni aislables, debe recurrir a varias disciplinas que sean capaces de interactuar entre sí. Esta convergencia para comprender una realidad compleja constituye la médula de la interdisciplinariedad, la cual implica, en síntesis, «el encuentro y la cooperación entre dos o más disciplinas, aportando cada una de ellas sus propios esquemas conceptuales en el plano de la teoría o de la investigación empírica» (Fernández, 2004, p. 174).
Obras hidráulicas de riego en el valle de Ica en el contexto de la Emergencia Hídrica Regional
Authors: Domínguez Iris
Published: April 2023

El río Ica es de régimen estacional y su caudal depende de las lluvias en los Andes de Huancavelica, que duran apenas dos o tres meses (generalmente de enero a marzo), mientras que el resto del año el río trae poca agua o su lecho se seca completamente. Por ello, desde tiempos antiguos, los pobladores de Ica se han visto frente al problema de la escasez de agua. Desde la década de 1990, la agricultura de exportación en el valle ha crecido vertiginosamente. En el Plan de Gestión del acuífero del valle de Ica y pampas de Villacurí y Lanchas, la Autoridad Nacional del Agua (ANA) informa que de 1991 a 2011 la superficie cultivada de espárragos creció de 411 a 10 400 hectáreas (ha) en la provincia de Ica, con lo cual se incrementó la explotación de las aguas subterráneas «significativamente por demanda de cultivos de agroexportación» (ANA, s/f). La problemática en torno de la sobreexplotación del acuífero del valle de Ica y de las pampas de Villacurí y Lanchas es materia de estudio en otros capítulos del presente libro; aquí nos enfocaremos en obras de «infraestructura hidráulica mayor» en el valle de Ica a cargo del Proyecto Especial Tambo Ccaracocha (PETACC) en el marco de la Emergencia Hídrica Regional.
Razones y sinrazones de la tolerancia
Authors: Sánchez Vázquez Adolfo
Published: April 2023

Tolerancia e intolerancia: dos modos de vivir los individuos y los pueblos su relación con el otro. Dos modos antagónicos de relacionarse mutuamente, pues el espacio que uno ocupa no deja lugar para el otro. Históricamente, en esa relación, la intolerancia hasta hoy ha pesado más que la tolerancia. Han tenido que pasar siglos, muchos siglos, para que la conciencia de la necesidad de ser tolerantes comenzara a iluminarse. Y ha sido precisamente en la época de las Luces o de la Ilustración, ya avanzada la Modernidad, y justamente después de darse la intolerancia en la forma extrema de las guerras de la religión, cuando Locke reivindica la tolerancia en esa esfera. Y, poco más tarde, el propio Locke, seguido por Voltaire y Rousseau, extenderán esa reivindicación al campo de la política. Y, más tarde aún, ya en el siglo XIX, en las sociedades burguesas que hacen suyos los principios libertarios, igualitarios y fraternales de la Revolución Francesa, la tolerancia aflorará en la vida política y, por estrechos senderos, se irá abriendo paso en la vida cotidiana.
El «mundo» como sistema invisible y la tolerancia
Authors: Giannini Humberto
Published: April 2023

Intento examinar dos cosas. Por una parte, un tema que desde Husserl ha venido adquiriendo relieve en filosofía: lo que el filósofo llamara «mundo de la vida», y lo que más tarde será para Heidegger el ámbito propio de la cotidianidad y el punto teórico de arranque para una ontología fundamental. Para decirlo más exactamente: centraremos nuestra atención en la cotidianidad y su modo de experimentar el mundo: la experiencia común. Esto, por una parte. Seguidamente, intentaré abordar el tema que nos convoca hoy en Lima: el tema de la tolerancia. Deseo replantearlo y replantarlo en un terreno en el que debiera mostrar algo de la potencia que tiene - sea como tolerancia o como intolerancia más allá de las aporías y ambigüedades que incuba en el terreno de la subjetividad. Una interrogante final: me pregunto si ciertos aspectos de la globalización mediático-técnico-económica no implicarán una suerte de disolución del mundo y de la experiencia común. Y qué sucederá entonces cuando al dasein, para emplear un término gráfico, empiece a disolvérsele algo esencial a su constitución ontológica: empiece a perder el «ahfo de su proyección; y qué fuerzas desconocidas de intolerancia reactiva pueden salirle al paso, más allá de toda racionalidad componedora.