bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of UV Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Darunavir in Bulk Drug and Tablet Formulations
Authors: Mohammad Abdul Saleem , Jadhav Bharath , Rajender B. , Raheem Shaik Abdul , Bashir Mohammad Ahmed , Sulthana Mohammad Akthar
Published: August 2020

A simple and cost effective spectrophotometric method has been developed and subsequent validation of Darunavir in its bulk and formulation with good accuracy and precision. An absorption maximum was determined at 254 nm. Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of 10-35µg/ml with correlation coefficient of 0.998. Darunavir is a new protease inhibitor, is a retroviral drug used in treatment of (HIV) Type-1 infection. The % assay for Darunavir ranged from 98.4-102.1% in tablet dosage form. Hence the developed method can be used for routine analysis of Darunavir in pharmaceutical formulations
Development and Evaluation of Sustained Release Matrix Tablets of Tramadol Hydrochloride
Authors: Basarkar Ganesh , Suryawanshi Vijay , Hire Dinesh
Published: August 2020

The objective of the present study was to control the release of freely water soluble Tramadol hydrochloride over a prolonged period of time by embedding the drug into novel wax matrix system. The matrix granules were prepared by melt granulation technique. The need for the administration two to four times a day when larger dose are required can decrease patient compliance. Sustained release formulation that would maintain plasma levels for 24 hrs for once daily dosing of Tramadol hydrochloride was prepared. The compatibility of the drug and wax examined using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR). The effect of wax concentration (5 to 35%) and channeling agents (Avicel PH-101 and Di-calcium phosphate) on the in vitro drug release at 24 hrs. was studied.  Results of DSC confirmed drug-wax compatibility. Increasing the wax concentration resulted in a significant retardation of drug release. The drug release study revealed that the optimized formulation (F6) 30% novel wax sustained drug release for 24hrs. At the same wax concentration, drug release from tablets decreased with Di-calcium phosphate and increased with Avicel PH 101. Kinetic modeling of in vitro dissolution profiles revealed the drug release mechanism ranges from diffusion controlled or Fickian transport to anomalous type or non-Fickian transport. A hydrophobic matrix system is thus useful technique for prolonging the drug release of freely water soluble drugs such as Tramadol hydrochloride
Formulation and Evaluation of Modified Pulsincap as Pulsatile Drug Delivery System for Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Hiral Chavda D , Rakshit Sonpal N , Prajapati A Paresh , Patel Madhabhai M
Published: August 2020

The aim of the present study was to design and evaluate a modified pulsincap pulsatile drug delivery system of etodolac for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Capsule body was made water insoluble by cross linking with formaldehyde vapour. It was filled with drug, osmogen NaCl and super disintegrant sodium starch glycolate to expel the drug after predetermined lag time. A hydro gel plug made of HPMC K4M was placed in the capsule body to achieve desired drug release after lag time for chronotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis. Untreated cap was then fitted to the treated body was sealed. Entire unit was coated with 5% Eudragit S-100 to prevent variable gastric emptying. A 32 full factorial design was used for optimization in which concentration ratio of NaCl and SSG (X1), and the weight of hydrogel plug (X2) were selected as independent variables while lag time and t90% were taken as dependent variables. FTIR and DSC studies confirmed drug excipient compatibility. Developed formulation was evaluated for in-vitro drug release in pH 1.2, phosphate buffer pH 6.8 and phosphate buffer pH 7.4. Statistical analysis confirmed the significance of selected independent variables. Response surface plot and contour plot indicate augmentation of the line toward the weight of hydrogel plug factor indicating greater significance. Formulation with highest desirability containing 34.4 mg of SSG, 137.6 mg of NaCl and 48 mg of HPMC K4M plug was selected as an optimized formulation as it provided the desired lag time of 6 hours and t90% of about 477 mins. Accelerated stability study performed on optimized formulation suggested stable and viable formulation. A stable, efficient formulation modified pulsincap of Etodolac as a pulsatile drug delivery system was developed with proposed increased patient compliance and improved dosage form efficiency.
Solving Multiple Vehicle Routing Problems with Time Constraintsby Flower Pollination Algorithm Optimization
Authors: Suwannarongsri Supaporn
Published: August 2020

The multiple vehicle routing problem (MVRP) with the time constraint is one of the most importantreal-world problems in industrial and logistic engineering. The MVRP problems can be considered as a class ofthe non-polynomial (NP) time-complete combinatorial optimization problem. Such the MVRP problems aim tofind the set of routes with the shortest total distance for overall minimum route cost serving all the givendemands by the fleet of vehicles. Based on modern optimization, the MVRP problems can be optimally solvedby the potential metaheuristic optimization techniques. The flower pollination algorithm (FPA) is one of themost efficient metaheuristic optimizers proposed for solving the combinatorial optimization problems. Withfew searching parameters, the algorithm of the FPA is not complex and ease of use. In this paper, the FPA isapplied to solve five selected benchmark MVRP problems with the time constraints consisting of 50-100destinations. Results obtained by the FPA will be compared with those obtained by genetic algorithm (GA), tabusearch (TS) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). From results, the FPA can provide optimal solutions of allfive selected problems. Optimal results obtained by the FPA are superior to PSO, TS and GA, respectively,with shorter total distance and computational time consumed
Galhas entomógenas em três fragmentos de Mata Atlântica no extremo Sul Catarinense, Brasil
Authors: Flor Ismael C.
Published: August 2020

Fifteen insect gall morphotypes were found on 11 plant species (8 families) in three fragments of the Dense Ombrophylous Lowland Forest, in the municipalities of Maracajá, Içara and Araranguá, Santa Catarina. Most of the galls occurred in leaves, followed by stems galls and a single gall morphotype in Leandra sp. (Melatomastaceae), occurred in both leaves and stems. Glabrous and isolated galls were more frequent than hairy and gregarious galls. Lauraceae was the family of plant with greater wealth of galls. It was pointed out the first record of the plant Microstachys serrulata (Euphorbiaceae) for the state of Santa Catarina. Galls found in Ilex theezans (Aquifoliaceae), Microstachys serrulata (Euphorbiaceae), Dahlstedtia muehlbergiana (Fabaceae), Nectandra oppositifolia (Lauraceae), Leandra sp. (Melastomataceae), Miconia sellowiana (Melastomataceae), Myrcia multiflora (Myrtaceae) and Urera nitida (Urticaceae) were recorded for the first time in the State of Santa Catarina.
Dimensionality and geometry effects on a quantum carnot engine efficiency
Authors: Herrera Alcantar Hiram Kalid , Carvajal García José Carlos , Rosales Pérez Osvaldo , Villarreal-Sánchez Rubén Cesar , Iglesias-Vázquez Priscilla Elizabeth
Published: August 2020

We calculate the efficiency of a quantum Carnot cycle for a particle confined in two different infinite potential wells, a cylindrical potential well of variable radius and a two-dimensional square potential well with a periodicity in one of it sides. We find that the efficiency depends directly on the dimensionality and geometry of the well that confined the particle.
Pengaruh Pemberian POC Urine Sapi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Pinang Betara (Areca catechu L.)
Authors: Hendriyatno Fito , Okalia Deno , Mashadi -
Published: August 2020

Abstract. This study has been carried out in villages in the Pulau Kopung Sentajo Kuantan Singingi. A used in this research was 4 months starting july to october 2017 .The purpose of this research is to know the influence on the growth of cow urine poc seeds areca palm (areca catechu L.) .The design used in this research was a random group: ( RAK) non factorials , where S the ( fertilizer poc urine cattle consisting) of the standard treatment 5 S0: without the POC  cow urine (control ), the S1: POC cow urine 50 ml / liters of water , the cow urine S2: POC 100 ml / liters of water , the S3: POC cow urine 150 ml / liters of water , the cow urine S4: poc 200 ml / liters of water . Data analyzed statistically, by test said different real give an bnj ) the first 5 percent. Parameter examined is high seeds (cm), diameter of the stem (cm), and the number of leaves (strands).Based on the research done that has been done can be concluded that: treatment the provision of organic fertilizers a liquid (POC) urine cattle had have real impact on parameter the number of leaves seeds areca palm but best S3 (the POC urine cattle 150 ml per liter of water ) with number of leaves 6,67 strands.Keywords: poc cow urine, growth, seeds, areca palm. Abstrak. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Desa Pulau Kopung Kecamatan Sentajo Raya Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi. Waktu yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 4 bulan yang dimulai bulan Juli  sampai Oktober 2017. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian POC Urine sapi terhadap pertumbuhan bibit pinang (Areca catechu L.). Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah: Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) non faktorial, dimana faktor S (Pupuk POC Urine Sapi yang terdiri dari 5 taraf perlakuan yaitu S0 Tanpa pemberian POC Urine Sapi (Kontrol), S1 Pemberian POC Urine Sapi 50 ml/ liter air, S2 Pemberian POC Urine Sapi 100 ml/liter air, S3 Pemberian POC Urine Sapi  150 ml/liter air, S4: Pemberian POC Urine Sapi  200 ml/liter air.  Data-data dianalisis secara statistik, dengan uji lanjut beda nyata jujur (BNJ) pada taraf 5%. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi bibit (cm), diameter batang (cm), dan jumlah daun (helai). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa: Perlakuan pemberian pupuk organik cair (POC) urin sapi berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter pengamatan jumlah daun bibit pinang dengan perlakuan terbaik S3 (Pemberian POC Urine Sapi  150 ml/liter air) dengan jumlah daun 6,67 helai.Kata kunci: POC Urine Sapi, Pertumbuhan, Bibit, Pinang.
Geographical indications and traditional products as instruments of rural development: the example of Hatay, a cultural crossroads
Authors: Keskin Gülşen , Dağıstan Erdal
Published: August 2020

Aims: The province of Hatay is one of Turkey’s most important provinces with regard to its cultural richness and the variety of its local products, and in this study, an investigation is made of the current state of its geographical indications and traditional products, their potential, and their contribution to rural development.Methods and Results: In this study, products and potential products with a registered geographical indication of Hatay province were obtained from the data of relevant institutions, and in-depth interviews were held with experts on the topic in those institutions. Also, observations relating to the products were made in the relevant areas. As a result, it was found that although the potential for local products was very high, the levels of exploitation and awareness were low.Conclusions: In a globalising world, the increase in the importance of local values, the acquisition of value by local products and their contribution to rural development attract attention. In underdeveloped regions, in particular, traditional products can constitute an important opening for rural development and can create important areas of employment for women and young people.Significance and Impact of the Study: Developing the capacity of both the public and the private sector and especially cooperatives with regard to geographical indications and achieving producer and consumer awareness are important for rural development.
Bazı yabancı orjinli kinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) çeşitlerinde tuz stresinin çimlenme ve erken fide gelişimi üzerine etkisi
Authors: Beyazçiçek Hüseyin , Yılmaz Şaban
Published: August 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışma ülkemizde tuzluluk problemi olan tarım alanları için tuzlu koşullara adapte olabilecek uygun kinoa çeşitlerin belirlenmesi amacı ile 2019 yılında Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü laboratuvarlarında yürütülmüş olup, çalışmada materyal olarak yabancı orjinli 5 adet kinoa çeşidinin tohumu kullanılmıştır. Yöntem ve Bulgular: Araştırma tuz stresine karşı toleransı belirlemek amacıyla her bir petri kabına 50 adet tohum yerleştirilerek yapılmıştır. Deneme, 4 tekkerrür olarak tesadüf parselleri deneme deseninde faktöriyel düzende 0, 100, 200, 300 ve 400 mM NaCl konsantrasyonları kullanılarak çimlenme kabininde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada farklı tuz konsantrasyon seviyelerinde tohumların çimlenme oranları, çimlenme indeksi, ortalama çimlenme süresi, radikula uzunluğu, plumula uzunluğu ve yaş bitki ağırlığı değerleri incelenmiştir. Araştırmada kullandığımız çeşitler, tuz stresine bağlı olarak farklı tepki göstermiştir. Tuz yoğunluğu arttıkca, çimlenme oranı, çimlenme indeksi radikula uzunluğu, plumula uzunluğu ve yaş bitki ağırlığı azalırken, ortalama çimlenme süresi uzamıştır. Genel Yorum: Araştırma neticesinde 400 mM gibi yüksek bir tuz konsantrasyonu seviyesinde bile çimlenebilen ve gelişebilen kinoa çeşitleri olduğu ve kinoanın ülkemizde tuzluluk problemi olan topraklarda tarımı yapılabilecek bir bitki olduğu söylenebilir. Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Her geçen yıl ülkemizde tuzluluk problemi olan tarım alanları artmakta olup, tuzluluğa dayanıklı olan kinoa çeşitlerinin farklı tuz yoğunluklarında çimlenme ve gelişme üzerine etkisini belirleyerek bu alanların değerlendirilmesinde kullanılabilecektir.
Determination of the effects of propolis ethanolic extract on some properties of fruit yoghurt during storage
Authors: Güney Fazıl , Ertürk Ömer
Published: August 2020

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the chemical and microbiological properties of propolis ethanolic (PEE) extract added fruit yoghurt during a storage period.Methods and Results: PEE (in different ratios: 0.01%, 0.03%, 0.10%, 0.20% and control=0.00%) added fruit yoghurt was stored at +4 °C for 28 days. Dry matter, protein content, pH, titratable acidity, DPPH inhibition and total phenols were analysed on the first and 28th days of storage. Microbiological analyses of yoghurts were also carried in first and seventh days. Titratable acidity values were increased while pH values decreased at the end of the storage period in all samples. DPPH inhibition and total phenols amounts were increased in line with the amount of added PEE. It was observed that added propolis amount did not affect total aerobic mesophilic flora (p>0.05). During the storage period, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) increased in all the groups and the control group had the highest bacteria count. The number of yeast and mould increased in all the groups.Conclusions: Our results indicated that PEE does not adversely influence the mechanism of yoghurt formation. We also found that propolis increased the nutritional benefits by increasing the antioxidant capacity of yoghurt.Significance and Impact of the Study: In this study PEE has been added to fruit yoghurts in different proportions. It has been observed that the nutritional properties and antioxidant content of yoghurts have increased. It was considered that propolis can be used as a natural food additive.
Bal arısının (Apis mellifera L.) Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Kampüsünde bulunan bazı bitkiler üzerindeki bitki tercihi
Authors: Bahadırlı Nadire Pelin , Gül Aziz
Published: August 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Hatay’da bulunan Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi kampüsünde yetiştirilen bazı bitkiler üzerinde bal arısı tercihinin belirlenmesidir.Yöntem ve Bulgular: Bu çalışmada defne (Laurus nobilis L.), beyaz çiçekli yalancı akasya, (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), fazelya (Phaselia tanacetifolia Benth.), okaliptüs (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.), üçgül (Trifolium repens L.), yabani hardal (Sinapis arvensis L.), engerek otu (Echium vulgare L.), yıldız çalısı (Pittosporum tobira Ait.), kekik (Origanum sp.), ateş dikeni (Pyracantha coccinea Roemer), ada çayı (Salvia sp.), çam (Pinus sp.) bitkilerine saat 09:00, 12:00 ve 15:00 saatlerinde bal arılarının tercihleri belirlenmiştir. Bal arılarının kampüs içerisindeki bitkileri ziyaretleri arasındaki farklılıklar istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmuştur(P<0.01). Bitkilerin gün içerisinde arılar tarafından ziyaret saatleri arasında ise istatistiki olarak bir fark görülmemiştir(P>0.05). Ancak bal arılarının sabah ve öğlen saatlerinde bitkiler üzerindeki polen ve nektar toplama faaliyetlerinin daha fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir.Genel Yorum: Polinasyon, meyve ve tohum üretiminin temeli olup türlerin büyük çoğunluğunda polinasyon olmadan meyve ve tohum üretimi mümkün değildir Çalışma sonunda, bal arılarının en fazla defne (Laurus nobilis L.) bitkisini ziyaret ettiği ve en az ise ada çayı (Salvia sp.) bitkisini ziyaret ettiği gözlemlenmiştir. Bal arıları aynı çevrede bulunan bitkiler arasında bitkilerdeki polen ve nektar kalitesine göre tercihte bulunmaktadır.Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Bal arılarının Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi kampüsünde yetişen bitkiler arasında tercihinin ortaya konduğu bu çalışma ile ileride yapılacak defne gibi dioik bitkilerde arı tercihinin ve arıların rolünün belirlenmesi çalışmalarına bir zemin oluşturacağı düşünülmektedir.
A new pest of Gossypium hirsutum in Turkey: Leptodemus minutus Jakovlev 1876 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeidae: Oxycareninae)
Authors: Yazıcı Gülten , Sertkaya Erdal
Published: August 2020

Aims: Presence of Leptodemus minutus Jakovlev (Hemiptera), which cause direct damage by feeding, was investigated on cotton crop plants in Hatay province, Turkey.Methods and Results: The study material was constituted from specimens of L. minutus Jakovlev collected from cotton plants growing in Hatay in 2019. In this study, specimens were prepared for re-description for species level, the body parts of examined species having taxonomical importance were photographed. In addition, distributional data of the species in Turkey and on the world, host plants and collection locality information for each of the species investigated were given. Important morphological characters of species were examined.Conclusions: Cotton is currently the leading fiber plant crop in worldwide. There are many harmful insect in cotton production, which cause economic losses. In recent years, Leptodemus minutus Jakovlev as a new pest of cotton, which causes serious damage to the cotton production has emerged. The pest has been reported first time in cotton production areas of Hatay province of Turkey in 2019.Significance and Impact of the Study: This pest causes damage on young seedlings by colonizing in high numbers and feeds by inserting its stylets into the leaves and stems causing deformation of the leaves and wilting. Pest control is difficult due to the high population and there are not enough studies on integrated pest control. This study clearly shows that there is a need for a detailed study on the biology and control of the pest at cotton-cultivated areas.
Comparing hot air drying kinetics and color quality of organic and conventional sweet red peppers
Authors: Arslan Aysel , Soysal Yurtsever , Keskin Muharrem
Published: August 2020

Aims: This study was conducted to compare the hot air drying kinetics and color quality of organically and conventionally produced sweet red peppers.
Methods and Results: The pepper samples were dried at 60, 70 and 80°C using a hot air dryer. Drying kinetics, effective moisture diffusivity (Deff), activation energy (Ea) and color quality were studied. The drying process for both organic (OSRP) and conventional sweet red peppers (CSRP) occurred mainly in falling rate period. Increasing the drying temperature reduced the drying time considerably. Except 60°C, significant difference was found between the drying times of OSRP and CSRP samples. The Midilli model gave the best fit for all data points for pepper types. A positive relationship was found between the drying temperature and Deff values (OSRP: 39.6210-10 – 58.5810-10 m2s-1; CSRP: 38.9210-10 – 57.5910-10 m2s- 1). Differences between the Deff values of OSRP and CSRP samples were not significant.
Conclusions: Characteristic drying curve profiles, Deff and Ea values followed the similar trajectory showing that the growing practice of the peppers did not significantly change the structural features related to heat transfer. The hot-air drying at 70°C and 80°C gave brighter and redder pepper powders; hence, these treatments are suggested as the suitable drying applications to produce high quality OSRP and CSRP powders in terms of color quality. By using 80°C instead of 60°C, about 25% and 32% savings in drying times could be obtainable for CSRP and OSRP samples, respectively.
Significance and Impact of the Study: Organic production has an increasing trend in the world; however, research on the evaluation of drying kinetics and color quality of organic products is very limited. Thus, this study aimed at studying appraisal of the drying kinetics and related parameters of CSRP and OSRP samples.
Emergency Surgery during Lockdown: Experience at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Raza Muhammad Waqas , Iqbal Muhammad Zafar , Ahmed Malik Irfan , Nawaz Tariq
Published: August 2020

Introduction: COVID-19 has halted the economic and social progression of the human race. This pandemic has exposed the vulnerabilities of all walks of life. But, most of all, this crisis has jolted the health care systems around the globe. A decrease in emergency surgical interventions was observed at District headquarters Hospital, Rawalpindi. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a pandemic on acute surgical emergency presentation and referral to a tertiary care hospital.

Material and Methods: It is a retrospective cohort study. We compared emergency surgical interventions requiring spinal or general anaesthesia followed by admission in a ward at DHQ hospital, Rawalpindi during a control period (15th March 2019–15th June 2019) and during the pandemic lockdown period (15th  March 2020- 15th June 2020).

Results: A total of 228 cases were included in the study including both groups. About 73% (167 ) cases were performed in an emergency during Pre COVID-19 period i.e. from March 15th- June 15th, 2019.  A total of 41 exploratory laparotomies were performed in a total of which 28 (68%) were done in the control period while 13 (32%) were done during the lockdown period. Out of 13 laparotomies due to road traffic accidents, only 3 were done during the lockdown period. Civilian Violence causing penetrating trauma resulted in 21 laparotomies in total out of which 11 were before the COVID-19 crisis and 10 during the lockdown. A total of 107 appendectomies were performed. Out of which 75 (70%) were performed in the Pre COVID-19 pandemic. Less than half the number (32) of appendectomies were done during the lockdown.  A marked decrease in emergency hernia surgeries was observed. In the Pre COVID-19 time period, 13 emergency hernia surgeries were done, while only 03 surgeries were done during the lockdown. Regarding Hepatobiliary emergency surgeries, none was done during lockdown while 08 were done during three months of the Pre COVID-19 period.

Conclusion: Firstly, Keeping these figures under consideration, surgical units should expect more complicated cases in the coming days and a high influx of patients should be expected once the lockdown is over. Secondly, the question that remains unanswered is that Are we doing unnecessary surgeries other than trauma in an emergency? Thirdly, there is room to consider that all appendicitis and cholecystitis don’t always need surgery. Fourthly, the private sector has the potential to share the burden on public hospitals.
Compliance on the Use of Different Types of Face Mask by Healthcare Workers and General Public in Tertiary Care Hospital of RMU during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sarfraz Saba , Raza Raheel , Aziz Khizar , Umar Muhammad , Noreen Khola , Shehryar Malik
Published: August 2020

Objective: To determine the compliance on the use of different types of facemask among HCWs, patients and the general public in different hospital settings of tertiary care hospital of RMU during COVID-19 pandemic

Material and Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study was done among 397 study subjects of either gender consisting of HCWs, patients, and the general public visiting the tertiary care hospital from 6th April-6th June 2020. Subjects were enrolled through convenience non-probability sampling. Data was gathered by a self-structured proforma. The study consisted of questioning the frequency of washing hands, using hand sanitizers, practicing physical distancing, using eye protection goggles or face shields, the practice of sterilizing or changing of shoes and clothes after coming back to home, frequent use of disposable gloves, use of caps or head covers and water-repellant aprons and gowns. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 25.0.

Results: A total of 397 study subjects including 206 (52%) males and 190 (48%) females were enrolled in the study. 118 (29.7%) had an underlying disease, 93 (78.8%) of them showed regular use of masks. The mean age of participants was 34.7 ± 12.2 years. 90.4% of study subjects had good compliance with using face masks in hospital settings, 25.9% study subjects used respirator type of masks while the use of homemade cloth was 4.8%. A total of 57.8% of study subjects had use of single masks, 22.5% used double masks, and 10.4% people used triple masks remaining 9.3% uses no masks at all. Among 189 HCWs 54% were using respirator type of masks and 46% were using surgical masks. The general public preferred to use locally made surgical masks or homemade cloth because they are cheap and easily available.

Conclusion: The selection and use of PPE especially facemasks vary among HCWs and non HCWs. Even among HCWs usage varies according to the type of healthcare workers and the working environment. Overall compliance with the use of face masks and other PPE was considerably low among non HCWs. Our study has provided preliminary data about the usage of masks among HCWs and non HCWs. Longitudinal studies must be conducted to collect better evidence about the use of the face mask as PPE and its associated factors.
A Fronteira, os desenvolvimentos regional e local e as relações transfronteiriças do Arco Sul
Authors: Bogo Vicente , Pêgo Bolívar
Published: August 2020

Apresentação do secretário do Codesul Vicente Bogo sobre o arco Sul, os desenvolvimentos regional e local, as relações transfronteiriças, a tríplice fronteira, as drogas na fronteira Brasil-Uruguai e o importante papel das organizações não governamentais (ONGs) na região.
Exploring Surgeon Burnout: Its Causes and How It Affects the Quality and Safety of Patient Care
Authors: Alghunian Tmam
Published: August 2020

Poster presented at BAPIO National Conference, London Nov 2019
Peer reviewed by Subarna Chakravorty & Sunil Daga
Calcium imbalance in Sarcoidosis and Renal Failure
Authors: Sathyanarayan Abilash
Published: August 2020

Poster presented at BAPIO National Conference, London Nov 2019
Peer reviewed by Subarna Chakravorty & Sunil Daga
Treatment Escalation Plan - Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Aggarwal Nikhil
Published: August 2020

Poster presented at BAPIO National Conference, London Nov 2019
Peer reviewed by Subarna Chakravorty & Sunil Daga
2016-2018 YILLARI ARASINDA SEYAHAT SEKTÖRÜNE AİT İŞ KAZASI VERİLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: YILMAZ ORAL Tuğçe , ÜNAL Arzu
Published: August 2020

Seyahat sektörü, turizm endüstrisi içerisinde yer alan emeğin yoğun olduğu önemli bir aktördür. Ayrıca küreselleşmenin etkisiyle ülkemizde son yıllarda oldukça hızlı bir değişim sürecine girmiştir. Bu süreç içerisinde tur operatörleri ve seyahat acenteleri önemli yer tutmaktadır. Her geçen yıl sektörde çalışan sayısı artmakta ve beraberinde de bazı riskleri getirmektedir. Belli dönemlerde mesai saatlerinin uzun olması, jetlag, ara dinlenme ya da hafta tatillerinin ihlal edilmesi, kayıt dışı istihdam gibi unsurlar iş kazası geçirme oranını ve uzun vadede meslek hastalıklarına yakalanma riskini arttırmaktadır. Bu nedenle seyahat sektöründe, iş kazası ve meslek hastalıkları dikkate alınması gereken bir husustur. Her ne kadar yaşanan iş kazaları diğer sektörlere nazaran az olsa da özel bir alandır. Çalışma kapsamında SGK verilerinden yararlanılarak, 2016 ve 2018 yılları arasında tur operatörleri ve seyahat acenteleri çalışanlarına ait kaza sıklık oranları belirlenmiş ve her geçen yıl arttığı tespit edilmiştir. İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Kanunu çalışanın sağlığını korumayı hedeflemektir. Dolayısıyla çalışmanın amacı; seyahat acentesi, tur operatörü veya diğer rezervasyon hizmetleri ile ilgili sektörel bir farkındalık yaratmak, bu alanda hizmet veren işyerlerine İSG ile ilgili denetim ve bunun yanında işveren bilinçlendirme eğitimlerinin düzenlenmesi gerekliliğini ortaya koymaktır.
SOLUTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN AIRPORT AND AIRLINE COMPANIES
Authors: Tunčikienė Živilė , Katinas Romanas
Published: August 2020

Purpose – For every country’s economy, air transport is strategically and vitally important. For improving the quality of air transport services provision, partnerships between airports and airlines need to be encouraged more. The application of partnerships leads to quality improvements of services provided by companies and raises the efficiency of used practices. A number of the factors, which determine the effective partnership between organisations operating in the aviation sector, is examined on the basis of specialised literature. The study addresses the question of how organisations interact with each other and what factors determine the need for partnership. Having identified common factors in the organisation’s operational interface and the need for it in the aviation sector and having analysed the practical examples of partnerships, the ways to enhance these factors are explored in order to achieve effective partnerships between airports and airlines. Research methodology – consists of comparative analysis, methods of logical analysis and abstraction, multi-criteria evaluation. Findings – The solution to the problem is expressed by identifying the factors of an effective partnership between the airports and the airlines and selecting the criteria for the assessment of the favourable effects of airport cooperation activities, and their hierarchical schemes from the positions of the airlines. Practical implications – Using multi-criteria assessment methods is easy to construct matrices of initial estimates, calculate final estimates and thus decide which airport is the most appropriate partner for an airline or vice versa.Originality/Value – A unique and, at the same time, a universal system of criteria, the application of which provides the preconditions for the development of the partnership, is created. Research limitations – The availability of data is limited to determine the reasonable values of the partnership criteria.
A Gaia-based Catalog of Candidate Stripped Nuclei and Luminous Globular Clusters in the Halo of Centaurus A
Authors: Voggel Karina T. , Seth Anil C. , Sand David J. , Hughes Allison , Strader Jay , Crnojevic Denija , Caldwell Nelson
Published: August 2020

Tidally stripped galaxy nuclei and luminous globular clusters (GCs) are important tracers of the halos and assembly histories of nearby galaxies, but are difficult to reliably identify with typical ground-based imaging data. In this paper we present a new method to find these massive star clusters using Gaia DR2, focusing on the massive elliptical galaxy Centaurus A (Cen A). We show that stripped nuclei and GCs are partially resolved by Gaia at the distance of Cen A, showing characteristic astrometric and photometric signatures. We use this selection method to produce a list of 632 new candidate luminous clusters in the halo of Cen A out to a projected radius of 150 kpc. Adding in broadband photometry and visual examination improves the accuracy of our classification. In a spectroscopic pilot program we have confirmed five new luminous clusters, which includes the 7th and 10th most luminous GC in Cen A. Three of the newly discovered GCs are further away from Cen A than all previously known GCs. Several of these are compelling candidates for stripped nuclei. We show that our novel Gaia selection method retains at least partial utility out to distances of ∼25 Mpc and hence is a powerful tool for finding and studying star clusters in the sparse outskirts of galaxies in the local universe.
Sonerila cardamomensis (Melastomataceae), a new species from Cambodia
Authors: Shin Jae-Seo , Song Bo-Kyeong , Phourin Chhang , Won Hyosig , Lee Kyong-Eun , Cho Seong-Hyun
Published: August 2020

Sonerila cardamomensis, a new species of family Melastomataceae from the Central Cardamom Protected Area in Koh Kong province of southwestern Cambodia, is described and illustrated. The species is similar to S. violifolia Hook.f. ex Triana, but is readily distinguished by its cordate leaf base, lack of setae at the nodes, longer pedicels, smaller petals, smaller hypanthiums and smaller capsules.
Incestuel et empiétement imagoïque adelphique chez l’enfant instable. Vers un nouveau schème de liens spécifiques
Authors: Cartier Corentin , Rogelet Alexandra , Ciccone Albert
Published: August 2020

Les liens intersubjectifs sont prévalents dans toute clinique. L’étude psychanalytique du lien dans un groupe d’enfants, dont l’un présente une instabilité psychomotrice, interroge sur l’entrée en relation entre ces patients. Une illusion groupale spécifique permettrait l’entrée en lien de ces patients qui se considéreraient très rapidement comme frères ; les frères-du-groupe. Le groupe thérapeutique permettant au sujet, ici l’enfant, de rejouer ses relations d’objets spécifiques, il semble intéressant d’envisager de façon originale le lien fraternel (l’adelphie). L’incestuel adelphique, dans le groupe thérapeutique en question, semble pouvoir être mis en évidence à travers l’étude des manifestations psychiques et comportementales de l’enfant se trouvant dans le compartiment génital du claustrum. De plus, l’enfant instable psychomoteur transmettrait des éléments psychiques à travers une identification projective ou intrusive mutuelle, amenant à penser l’empiétement imagoïque adelphique.
Ce que la rhétorique guerrière fait à la capacité de penser (des psychologues)
Authors: Pradillon Gaëlle
Published: August 2020

La rhétorique guerrière employée à large échelle par les politiques, les journalistes et même certaines autorités médicales a largement infiltré le discours depuis le début de la crise du covid-19 . Or, l’utilisation quasi hégémonique de cette rhétorique n’est pas sans effets psychiques : valorisant le registre du « faire » et utilisant des représentations clivées et clivantes, elle porte en elle le risque d’empêcher la capacité de penser, y compris celle des psychologues dont le défi sera alors de s’en dégager.
Évaporations contemporaines. La responsabilité collective à l’épreuve de la pandémie
Authors: Barbieri Gaia , Gaillard Georges
Published: August 2020

Les auteurs s’interrogent sur certains des enjeux et des conséquences psychiques et sociopolitiques de la crise planétaire déterminée par la pandémie du covid -19. En prise directe avec l’actualité, il s’agit de saisir en quoi cette pandémie exacerbe des processus qui étaient déjà en cours dans les sociétés contemporaines, et que les auteurs proposent de nommer « évaporation de la responsabilité collective », et en quoi elle constitue un point de retournement. De la contrainte de distanciation sociale à la rhétorique de la guerre, assiste-t-on à l’accomplissement d’un désir inconscient et ancien d’immunisation des corps sociaux ? Comment continuer à faire communauté ? Les mesures « immunitaires » mettent en lumière la crise de la groupalité, et l’espace public apparaît déshabité par le « chœur » indispensable au travail d’appropriation subjective. Une telle puissance collective semble toutefois trouver, au sein même de sa mise en retrait, de nouvelles formes de re-territorialisation.
« L’inconscient n’est pas une propriété privée. » Vers un changement de paradigme dans l’enseignement et la recherche en psychologie ?
Authors: Vidal Jean-Pierre , Antigny Cécile , Bittolo Christophe , Drweski Philippe , Renouf Léa , Riand Raphaël , Schom Anne-Clémence
Published: August 2020

Cet entretien s’inscrit dans une démarche de réflexion sur l’épistémologie et la méthodologie dans l’approche psychanalytique des groupes. Les spécificités de ce champ théorique imposent des aménagements méthodologiques incontournables que nous souhaiterions interroger à travers une série d’entretiens de cliniciens-chercheurs ayant travaillé sur ces questions. Le premier de cette série est consacré à Jean-Pierre Vidal. Psychanalyste et analyste de groupe et d’institution, il développe, dans cet entretien, ses conceptions sur la formation des psychologues et la nécessaire décentration de l’écoute et du regard imposée par le changement de paradigme dans les pratiques psychanalytiques de groupe.
Optimal antiblocking systems of information sets for the binary codes related to triangular graphs
Authors: Kroll Hans-Joachim , Taherian Sayed-Ghahreman , Vincenti Rita
Published: August 2020

We present AI-systems for the binary codes obtained from the adjacency relation of the triangular graphs \begin{document}$ T(n) $\end{document} for any \begin{document}$ n\ge 5 $\end{document}. These AI-systems are optimal and have for \begin{document}$ n $\end{document} odd the full error-correcting capability.
Pyrolysis of Sugarcane Bagasse: The Effects of Process Parameters on the Product Yields
Authors: Saif Ahmed Gaber H. , Wahid Seddik S. , Ali Mohamed R.O.
Published: August 2020

The objective of the present work is to investigate the pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse in a semi-batch reactor and study the effect of process parameters of pyrolysis on the products yield to determine optimum parameters for maximum bio-oil production. Parameters of the pyrolysis process such as temperature, particle size of sugarcane bagasse and flow rate of nitrogen (N2) have been varied as 350–600 °C, 0.25–2 mm and 100–500 cm3/min, respectively. According to the various pyrolysis conditions applied in the experimental studies, the obtained oil, char and gas yields ranged between 38 and 45 wt%, 24 and 36 wt%, and 23 and 37 wt%, respectively. The maximum pyrolysis bio-oil yield of 45 wt% was achieved at temperature of 500 °C, particle size of 0.5 -1 mm with nitrogen(N2) flow rate of 200 cm3/min. Based on the results captured under this study's pyrolysis conditions, temperature is considered to be the most important parameter for product distribution. As the increases of the pyrolysis temperature the bio-char yield decreased and increase of gas yield. The bio-oil yield increases with increasing the temperature, reaches a maximum value at about 500 °C and reduces thereafter at higher temperature is expect due to secondary cracking reactions of the volatiles, which results produce a higher gaseous yield.
Evaluation of Stainless Steel as an Electrocatalyst for Electrooxidation of Urea - Rich Wastewater
Authors: Madih Kholoud , El-Shazly Ahmed Hassan , El-Kady Marwa Farouk , Ali Abdallah Yousef Mohammed , Elqady Hesham Ibrahim , Hares Essam
Published: August 2020

In this study, commercially available bare stainless steel 304 was investigated as a working electrode in urea electrooxidation in alkaline solution using different electrochemical techniques like cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The electrode stability was also investigated by the constant potential electrolysis test. Different concentrations of KOH (0.5-4 M) were employed to study the electrooxidation of urea solution with concentration of 0.33 M. An anodic peak current density of 34.82mA/cm2 was obtained at 473 mV versus Ag/AgCl reference electrode in urea solution at KOH concentration of 4 M. Stainless steel properties such as corrosion resistance, low cost in addition to its catalytic activity make it an ideal anodic electrocatalyst for electrooxidation of urea-rich wastewater.
Synthesis, Characterisation, and Performance of Polyaniline (PANI) in Metals Sorption
Authors: Orleans-Boham Hamdiya , El-Shazly Ahmed Hassan , El-Kady Marwa Farouk , Chireboah-Ansah Joshua
Published: August 2020

PANI was prepared in-house, characterized and utilized in the sorption of calcium, magnesium, iron, and copper in aqueous solution. The objective of this research was to evaluate adsorption of metals in mono and multi-metal in aqueous solutions onto PANI. Literature has it that, there is no record for competitive sorption of metals by PANI. The characterization of the prepared PANI confirmed with other literature that it was the Emeraldine PANI that was prepared. The results obtained after the multi metal adsorption experiment showed that PANI has a good performance in the removal of copper, iron, calcium, and magnesium, and can be credited to its' large surface area since it is a nanomaterial. Testing for the selectivity showed that the prepared nanoPANI adsorbed 95.2% of lead, 93.8% of copper and 75.8% of the iron in the single metal system.
Semiochemical-mediated host selection byXylosandrusspp. ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) attacking horticultural tree crops: a review of basic and applied science
Authors: Ranger Christopher M. , Reding Michael E. , Addesso Karla , Ginzel Matthew , Rassati Davide
Published: August 2020

Exotic ambrosia beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in the tribe Xyleborini include destructive pests of trees growing in horticultural cropping systems. Three species are especially problematic:Xylosandrus compactus(Eichhoff),Xylosandrus crassiusculus(Motschulsky), andXylosandrus germanus(Blandford). Due to similarities in their host tree interactions, this mini-review focuses on these three species with the goal of describing their host-selection behaviour, characterising associated semiochemicals, and assessing how these interactions relate to their management. All three of theseXylosandrusspp. attack a broad range of trees and shrubs. Physiologically stressed trees are preferentially attacked byX. crassiusculusandX. germanus, but the influence of stress on host selection byX. compactusis less clear. Ethanol is emitted from weakened trees in response to a variety of stressors, and it represents an important attractant for all three species. Other host-derived compounds tested are inconsistent or inactive. Verbenone inhibits attraction to ethanol, but the effect is inconsistent and does not prevent attacks. Integrating repellents and attractants into a push–pull management strategy has been ineffective for reducing attacks but could be optimised further. Overall, maintaining host vigour and minimising stress-induced ethanol are keys for managing these insects, particularlyX. crassiusculusandX. germanus.
The Presence of Survivin on B Cells from Myasthenia Gravis Patients and the Potential of an Antibody to a Modified Survivin Peptide to Alleviate Weakness in an Animal Model
Authors: Zhang Xiangyang , Ciesielski Michael , Fenstermaker Robert A. , Kaminski Henry J. , Kusner Linda L.
Published: August 2020

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease in which Abs target neuromuscular junction proteins, in particular the acetylcholine receptor. We previously identified the antiapoptotic protein survivin in the autoreactive B cells and plasma cells of MG patients. To further define the role of survivin in MG, we have assessed PBMCs from 29 patients with MG and 15 controls. We confirmed the increased expression of survivin in CD20+ lymphocytes from MG patients compared with controls. Furthermore, the CD20+ population of cells from MG patients contained a higher percentage of extracellular survivin compared with controls. The analysis of CD4+ cells showed an increased percentage of intracellular survivin in MG patients compared with controls, whereas the extracellular survivin CD4+ percentage was unaffected. In an experimental mouse model of MG, we assessed the therapeutic potential of an Ab raised to a modified survivin peptide but cross-reactive to survivin. Ab treatment reduced disease severity, lowered acetylcholine receptor–specific Abs, and decreased CD19+ survivin+ splenocytes. The ability to target survivin through Ab recognition of autoreactive cells offers the potential for a highly specific therapeutic agent for MG.
Neonatal transport in Switzerland: a retrospective single-centre analysis – quo vadis?
Authors: Leemann Tanja , Bernet Vera , Grass Beate , Hagmann Cornelia
Published: August 2020

AIM
To assess neonatal transport activities by the neonatal transport teams of the University Children’s Hospital Zurich in order to identify opportunities for improvement in the organisation of these transports.

METHODS
Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on neonatal transports by the neonatal transport teams of the University Children’s Hospital Zurich between January 2014 and December 2018. Data on transports affecting neonates with a corrected gestational age of up to 44 weeks and a weight less than 5 kg were extracted from registration forms, transport forms, transport reports and the neonates’ medical charts. Transport data were assessed separately for urgent, non-urgent and re-transfers.

RESULTS
During the study period, 1110 transport runs, including 883 (79.5%) urgent, 105 (9.5%) non-urgent and 122 (11.0%) re-transfers were performed. Ground transport accounted for 90.7% of the cases. The majority (77.7%) of the transported neonates were born at term and 59.1% were transported within the first 24 hours of life. The most common reason for transport was respiratory distress (39.9%), followed by cardiac diseases (14.6%). Medical procedures performed by the neonatal transport teams during transport mostly addressed peripheral intravenous line placement (41.8%) and feeding tube placement (41.8%). The median preparation time for urgent transfers was 35 min (range 8–225) for ground and 50 min (range 20–260) for air transport.

CONCLUSIONS
The high proportion of urgent transfers emphasises the need for an efficient neonatal transport system and dedicated neonatal transport teams staffed by members with training in neonatal transport and expertise in handling neonatal emergencies. To provide the best possible care to the vulnerable neonates, the heterogeneous nature of the cohort of transported neonates regarding the diagnoses transport demand was made for and the medical procedures performed during transport should be considered in simulation training of neonatal transport team staff. Additionally, processes to improve preparation time should be defined and implemented in order to reduce it to less than 30 min so as to guarantee efficient care. Further studies are needed to assess the quality and efficacy of neonatal transports in Switzerland. National guidelines on the standard of neonatal transport and quality metrics should be established in order to set benchmarks and to improve the quality of the transports.
Possibilidades conceituais da sociologia das ausências em contextos de identidades subalternas
Authors: Da Silva Filipe Antonio Ferreira , LAGE ALLENE CARVALHO
Published: August 2020

Este artigo pretende analisar as contribuições do pensamento de Boaventura de Sousa Santos a partir da sociologia das ausências no cenário contemporâneo da revolução de identidades subalternas. A partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica de sua obra “Por uma Sociologia das Ausências e uma Sociologia das Emergências” (2002;2006) buscamos analisar como as cinco lógicas ou modo de produção da não-existência correspondem a criação de identidades subalternas e como a sociologia das ausências, por meio de sua profunda análise, nos permite pensar outras alternativas para fazermos um debate crítico e emancipador das várias possibilidades de existência. O desafio aqui é semear uma sociologia que seja capaz de romper com o pensamento colonial, patriarcal, opressor, LGBTfóbico e hegemônico. Para tanto, uma transgressão epistemológica é fundamental.