bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Implementation of Analytical Hierarchy Process Method for Determining Livestock Alabio Duck Development Strategy in Rawa Hulu Sungai Utara
Authors: Yunandar Yunandar , Effendi Hefni , Widiatmaka Widiatmaka , Setiawan Yudi
Published: February 2021

The cultivation of Alabio ducks (Anas Platyrynchos Borneo) so far is still natural and only involves one parameter; furthermore, each location has different characteristics. The hierarchical structure constructed has a ranking of importance as an alternative option for ducks' development in peatland ecosystems. This research aims to formulate a strategy for duck production in the Hulu Sungai Utara Regency. AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method in this study is used to structure the decision-making flow from goals and alternatives and weigh the variables. Data collection was carried out with duck farming experts from academia, farmer groups, and policymakers. This study found that the availability of feed, both sago (0.254) and bran (0.218), is a significant component from an ecological perspective. Distance to market (0.307) and hatchery location (0.287) is an economic variable. The social part consists of distance from the settlement (0.443) and labor availability (0.247). Meanwhile, the availability of feed (0.282), hatchery technology (0.269), and Mina ducks (0.251) are the development strategies for duck cultivation in swamp areas, and economic stimulus (0.93) is the final contributor.
The antimicrobial and phytonutrient profile of Ocimum gratissimum
Authors: Ujong UP  , Okon VE  , Odom GE  , Igwe CO
Published: February 2021

Many plant-derived compounds have been used as drugs, either in their original or semi-synthetic forms. Plant derived metabolites can also serve as lead compounds, which may be used as templates for the development of new drugs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical and antimicrobial activities of extract of O. gratissimum leaves on selected clinical pathogenic organisms. The plant materials were obtained through successive extractions using solvents of different polarities such as petroleum ether, ethanol and distilled water. The phytoconstituents were analyzed using standard procedures while antibacterial activities of the extracts were then evaluated by the hole-agar-well diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the extract was determined against the isolated microorganism by agar dilution method. The presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, steroids, triterpenoids and alkaloids in the different leaf extracts was established at varying concentration from the results. The ethanol extract was found to be the most potent, followed by the petroleum ether extract, while aqueous extract was the least potent. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Candida albican were highly susceptible to the ethanol extracts, since it showed the most susceptible higher zones of inhibition. The ability of the extracts to inhibit the growth of several bacterial and fungal species is an indication of the broad spectrum antimicrobial potential of leaf extract of O. gratissimum, which suggests the plant as a tool for bioprospecting for antibiotic and antifungal drugs.
Toward fast and simple yet reliable alternative arsenic speciation methods
Authors: Mihucz Victor
Published: February 2021

It would be useful to develop alternative, cost-effective yet reliable analytical methods extensible to as many As species in different matrixes as possible.
RISIKO INFEKSI Mycobacterium tuberculosis PADA ORANG YANG TINGGAL SERUMAH DENGAN PENDERITA TUBERKULOSIS DI MAKASSAR
Authors: Alhawaris Alhawaris , Tabri Nur Ahmad
Published: February 2021

Penyakit tuberkulosis (TB), khususnya TB paru, mudah menular melalui udara dari droplet yang mengandung bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) yang dikeluarkan oleh penderita tuberkulosis pada saat batuk, bersin, atau berbicara. Orang sehat yang tinggal serumah dan berinteraksi dalam kurun waktu relatif lama dengan penderita TB berpotensi terpapar bakteri MTB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui risiko infeksi MTB pada orang yang tinggal serumah dengan penderita TB paru. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan sebanyak 88 responden yang merupakan kerabat penderita TB paru yang telah tinggal serumah dengan penderita TB paru tersebut selama lebih dari 24 jam dan tidak menunjukkan gejala-gejala TB aktif. Pemeriksaan IGRA (Interferon-Gamma Release Assays) digunakan untuk mengetahui adanya infeksi MTB pada responden. Sebanyak 42 responden (47,7%) menunjukkan hasil pemeriksaan IGRA positif dan 46 responden (52,3%) dengan IGRA negatif. Jenis kelamin (perempuan/laki-laki RO= 1,650, 95% IK= 0,701-3,884, p= 0,344) dan umur (>40/<20 RO= 2,923, 95% IK= 0,726-11,762, p= 0,439; >40/20-40 RO= 1,923, 95% IK= 0,763-4,844, p= 0,439) tidak signifikan sebagai faktor risiko infeksi MTB. Meskipun demikian, orang yang tinggal serumah dengan penderita TB sangat berisiko untuk tertular dan terinfeksi bakteri MTB. Oleh karena itu, deteksi dini adanya infeksi MTB dalam tubuh seseorang yang berisiko tertular penyakit TB sangat bermanfaat untuk mencegah perkembangan menjadi penyakit TB aktif.
Analisis Kinerja Jaringan Pada Perangkat TPLINK TL- WA5210G dengan Wireless Operation AP-CLIENT Mode Sebagai Media Transfer Data
Authors: Setiawan Doni Kris , Budiman Edy , Taruk Medi
Published: February 2021

Sebuah jaringan LAN secara wireless memanfaatkan teknologi Access Point (AP) yaituWireless operation AP-Client Mode sebagai media transfer data dengan menghubungkangedung – gedung pada suatu wilayah. Namun terdapat perbedaan kinerja sistem dari AP TP-LINK TL-WA5120G karena faktor Radius dan Hambatan. Maka dilakukan pengujian terhadapQuality of Service (QoS) menggunakan metode analisis Action Research pada radius 5 meter,10 meter, dan 15 meter dengan hambatan dan tanpa hambatan menggunakan Tools Wiresharkberdasarkan parameter QoS yaitu Throughput, Delay, Jitter, dan Packet Loss. Dari hasilpenelitian, kinerja jaringan berdasarkan uji coba lapangan dapat disimpulkan bahwakecepatan dari transfer dan waktu tempuh sangat baik yang dihasilkan pada radius pengujian 5meter tanpa hambatan dengan Throughput 2.4 Mbps, Delay 15.3 ms, Jitter 2.93 ms dan PacketLoss 0%. Dan pengujian terendah karena dipengaruhi oleh radius yaitu 15 meter hambatanThroughput 862 Kbps, Delay 39.3 ms, Jitter 2.5 ms, dan Packet Loss 0%. Meskipun demikianuji coba lapangan dengan Radius yang telah di tentukan berdasarkan standar TIPHON masihdalam kategori Sangat Bagus dan masih tergolong stabil
Klasifikasi Jenis Bawang Menggunakan Metode K-Nearest Neighbor Berdasarkan Ekstraksi Fitur Bentuk dan Tekstur
Authors: Widians Joan Angelina , Pakpahan Herman Santoso , Budiman Edy , Haviluddin Haviluddin , Soleha Maratus
Published: February 2021

Bawang merupakan tumbuhan penting bagi manusia yang termasuk dalam Genus Allium. Umbi, daun, atau bunga bawang dimanfaatkan sebagai sayuran atau sebagai rempah-rempah, tergantung bagaimana kita memandangnya. Memilih jenis bawang berdasarkan ciri – ciri sangatlah mudah dilakukan oleh manusia tetapi tidak mudah dilakukan oleh komputer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk klasifikasi jenis bawang dengan menerapkan metode K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) berdasarkan ekstraksi fitur bentuk dan tekstur. Dari ektrstraksi fitur bentuk menggunanakan parameter metric dan eccentricity. Pada ekstraksi fitur tekstur menggunakan parameter contrast, correlation, energy, dan homogeneity. Dari ekstraksi fitur tersebut akan didapatkan 6 parameter yang digunakan untuk proses klasifikasi. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ada 5 jenis bawang yaitu bawang dayak, bawang merah, bawang bombai, bawang putih, dan bawang lanang dengan masing-masing bawang 10 citra dan jumlah data keseluruhan adalah 50 citra. Hasil evaluasi pengujian sebanyak 5 kali secara keseluruhan dapat dilihat bahwa dengan pengujian 50% dari 50 citra bawang dihasilkan akurasi sebesar 84% dengan menggunakan k3, k5, dan k7. Rata-rata akurasi penggunaan nilai k  pada 5 kali pengujian yang terbaik yaitu pada k7 dengan akurasi 83.13%, sedangkan rata-rata akurasi berdasarkan 5 kali pengujian terbaik dan penggunaan k terbaik dihasilkan sebesar 83.56%.
Marine Litter Management Policy: State Responsibilities And The Role Of Local Wisdom
Authors: Sirait Yohanes Hermanto , Ai Permanasari
Published: February 2021

Indonesia as the biggest maritime state has not only advantages but also obstacles in managing sea. Called potential because of its large resources but it also brings into a fact of the lack in exploitation of the sea. Such transportation and exploitation have caused a lot debris in the sea which is harmful. This article aims to examine state responsibility in prevent and tackle marine debris. It also aims to enhance local wisdom as solution. This article is normative juridical, using statute and conceptual approach. It is made deductive from specific issue into general issue based on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. After collecting all material, this article then analyzes it qualitatively. The result show that state responsibility has been implemented only in level of regulation. Although some regulation has underlined local wisdom as important matter, in fact, Indonesia still in process of inventory related local wisdom and still far from enhancing the local wisdom as solution to prevent and tackle marine debris. These practices are different to some states which apply their local wisdom as one of solution. Therefore, Indonesia must collaborate legal policy and local wisdom to achieve higher result in preventing and tackling marine littering. A legal policy that born from the way of life in community may accepted better.
Protective effect of pomegranate peel extract on diabetic ocular structural changes in experimental diabetic rats: A histological, immunohistochemical and clinical study
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia, Belal Saied K. M. ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Egypt, Al Ghamdi Abdulhamid ,   Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
Published: February 2021

Ocular complications of diabetes mellitus are rapidly progressing and have become a leading cause of vision impairment. The present study evaluated the potential protective role of pomegranate peel extract, as a powerful antioxidant agent, on the ocular complications of diabetes. One hundred, 8 weeks old, male Wistar rats were subdivided into three groups; the first control group (non-diabetic) was injected intraperitoneally with a single dose (2 ml/animal) of citrate buffer alone. The second group (diabetic untreated) was subjected to induction of diabetes by an intraperitoneal single dose of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg body weight). The third group (diabetic treated) was subjected to induction of diabetes as the second group and given simultaneously, 500 mg/kg body weight of pomegranate peel extract orally once per day with the drinking water. Clinical examination of lens and fundus was made, and the biochemical analysis was done at 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36 and 40 weeks after diabetes induction. At the end of the investigation (40 weeks), the rats were anesthetized, and the eyeballs were removed and sampled for histopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural investigations. The study revealed that the lens of 12 rats from a total of 40 rats of the second group (diabetic untreated) depicted the onset of cataract at 16 week, which increased gradually. The retina of the same group showed gradual inter-retinal microvascular abnormalities and histopathological changes. The third group (diabetic treated) showed marked amelioration as compared to the second group. ANOVA test for the biomedical indicators showed a statistically significant improvement in the third group. In conclusion, the pomegranate peel extract possesses strong potential for its development as a protective agent against ocular complications of diabetes. Keywords: Pomegranate peel extract, diabetes mellitus, ocular structure, rats.
Pembentukan dan Pembidangan Akronim pada Koran Pos Kota
Authors: Anam Ahmad Khoiril , Hilaliyah Hilda , Agustin Yulia
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pembentukan dan pembidangan akronim yang terdapat pada penulisan berita koran Pos Kota. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. Selain itu, metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu padan intralingual dan padan ekstralingual. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penghasil akronim terbanyak pada koran Pos Kota edisi Juli hingga Agustus 2018 berasal dari bidang forensik atau pertahan negara. Hal ini memang tidak dapat merepresentasikan bahwa kasus terbanyak pada negara ini adalah kasus kriminal atau hal-hal yang berhubungan dengan hukum. Akan tetapi, ini dapat menerangkan kepada semua bahwa bahasan yang paling banyak diulas pada koran ini adalah bahasan kriminal atau hal-hal yang berhubungan dengan urusan hukum. Dengan demikian, bisa jadi, kasus terbanyak pada negara ini adalah kasus-kasus yang berkenaan dengan urusan hukum. Selanjutnya disusul oleh bidang politik yang menempati urutan kedua. Ini pun menunjukkan bahwa tema politik sedang banyak diperbincangkan di negeri ini. mengingat saat ini, di Indonesia menjelang tahun politik.
ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS MODEL AT PT SOKA CIPTA NIAGA BANDUNG INTO THE CANVAS BUSINESS MODEL USING EMPATHY MAPS
Authors: RESMAWATI RESI
Published: February 2021

A company in running its business process requires the design of a Business Model with the aim that the business process will be by following the expectations desired by the company. The purpose of the research was to make the design of the business model by using an Empathy Map of the socks that received the first Halal certification from the Majelis Ulama Indonesia, for the socks industry. The method of research conducted is using The Qualitative Method, done by collecting data in interviews with consumers of Soka socks with Triangulation Technique. There were four informants selected, namely with different ages, occupations and interview location. All selected informants were women and had used Soka Socks for more or less three years. The results obtained in the interview process to the consumers of Soka socks will be analyzed to become the design of The Empathy Map and Business Model Canvas for PT Soka Cipta Niaga.
Cooperative, Competitive and Hybrid Motivated Information Processing in Teams
Authors: Alam Tahia
Published: February 2021

Currently, there is a proliferation of studies examining
group and team dynamics, as an increasing number of organizations are incorporating
group and team-based structures. Extant literature has provided mixed findings
regarding the influence of reward structures on various team outcomes. E.g., More
rapid activity in teams has been found for competitive reward structure, with
diminishing quality of work (Mailer, 1929). Which type of reward structure (competitive,
cooperative or hybrid) has the best implication for team performance in
organizations? This paper aims to address this question by incorporating the
mechanism (i.e., epistemic and social motivation) and moderating variable (i.e.,
need for affiliation). Understanding the motivated information processing in
groups model (MIP-G) and antecedents of team performance has important
managerial implications. This moderator (i.e., need for affiliation) has not
been examined in relation to all three types of reward structures in past
studies. This paper hopes to extend the literature of reward structures and
motivated information processing model by encompassing this new boundary
condition. It is essential to incorporate novel contexts while examining relationships
among variables as this approach further develops existing theories.
Experiences of parents whose young child has been diagnosed with primary ciliary dyskinesia
Authors: Driessens Corine , Carr Siohan , Clough Edel , Copeland Fiona , Dell Sharon , Dixon Lucy , Harris Amanda , Knibb Rebecca , Leigh Margaret , Narayanan Manjith , Redfern Beatrice , Robson Evie , Sawras Michael , Schofield Lynne , Sullivan Kelli , Tipping Myra , Tran Nhu , Walker Woolf , Lucas Jane S , Behan Laura
Published: February 2021

Primary
ciliary dyskinesia is an incurable, rare, inherited, chronic condition.
Treatment includes regular clearing of airway mucus, aggressive treatment of
infections and management of hearing loss. Caregiver burden has not been
explored, hence we interviewed 18 English speaking mothers and 6 English
speaking fathers of children under 6 years who were diagnosed with PCD around
the world. The parents described how the child’s diagnosis, treatment regimen,
and health status impacted their life. They discussed the impact of the COVID-19
pandemic and they talked about the different ways they cope with challenges
that arise. The need for integrated social care is discussed.
Exploring clinical practice and developing clinician self-reflection through cross self-confrontation methodology: an experimentation within an addiction medicine unit
Authors: Paroz Sophie , Daeppen Jean-Bernard , Monnat Martine , Saraga Michael , Panese Francesco
Published: February 2021

We experimented the methodology of cross
self-confrontation (CSC) in a research aiming at exploring addiction-related clinical practice and related clinical difficulties. Our article presents the application of CSC in a specific clinical setting and illustrates through one example the method's capacity to bring out tacit knowledge from daily clinical practice. Encountered challenges and comments addressing the application of CSC to research and education in clinical settings are presented.
Assessment of AIR Quality Index for Delhi region: A comparison between odd-even policy 2019 and Lock Down Period.
Authors: Dhingra Chesta
Published: February 2021

The aim behind doing this research is to analyse the impact of odd-even policy andlockdown implementation on the air quality index of Delhi by doing the case study on the fourregions Ashok Vihar, Anand Vihar, Dwarka and R.K. Puram. The data is been collected fromDPCC and the main parameters we looked for are PM10 and PM2.5. In which we find out that.highest levels of the pollutants PM10 and PM2.5 been observed during the time of odd-evenpolicy implementation for the year 2019 (04 November 2019- 15 November 2019) whereasduring the lockdown period (23 March 2020-31st August 2020) a great decline in pollutantlevels is been detected. This we further try to correlate with the spatial variations of Delhiregion and able to discern that meteorological parameters (Ambient Temperature, RelativeHumidity, Wind Speed and Solar Radiations) in respect with seasonal variations have a majorinfluence on PM 10 and PM 2.5 levels. During the winter season both the parameters PM10& PM2.5 are touching the peak because of the impact of three major meteorological parametersAmbient Temperature, Wind Speed and Solar Radiation and during the monsoon season airquality conditions are quite favourable because of Ambient Temperature and Wind Speedparameters. In the end we use the ensembled machine learning algorithms like Random Forestand Extra trees regressor to have an accurate estimation of PM2.5 levels for all the four regionsof Delhi and perceived that these ensembled learning techniques are better than other machinelearning algorithms like Neural Networks, Linear regression and SVMs. The Random Forestand Extra trees regressor models give the R2value 0.75 and 0.78 respectively for estimation ofPM2.5; R2 value is a statistical measurement which explains the variance of dependent variablebased on the independent variables of a regression model.
PGS.TS Phạm Minh Chính – Dấu ấn từ Bí thư đổi mới đến chính khách “đa nghệ”
Authors: Lab SDAG
Published: February 2021

PGS.TS Phạm Minh Chính – Dấu ấn từ Bí thư đổi mới đến chính khách “đa nghệ”. BBT Cánh Cò. Ngày 1 tháng 1 năm 2021. https://canhco.net/pgs-ts-pham-minh-chinh-va-dau-an-tu-cuu-bi-thu-doi-moi- den-truong-ban-to-chuc-trung-uong-p427830.html
Preventing Petrochemical Plastics Pollution: Sustainable Material Alternatives
Authors: Singh Narendra , Ogunseitan Oladele A. , Tang Yuanyuan , Wong Ming Hung
Published: February 2021

Achievement of some of the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals will not be possible if global trends in pollution associated with petrochemical-based plastics continue. Alternatives to petrochemical plastics have been researched intensely, but they have not been developed to replace current plastic products in a commercially viable way. The demand for single-use plastic personal protective equipment created by the COVID-19 pandemic has stimulated urgency in developing pollution prevention strategies that transcend reliance on highly variable consumer behavior. Biological material plastics are potentially sustainable because their manufacture utilizes renewable resources, and they are biodegradable. In this paper, challenges facing the sustainable management of discarded single-use petrochemical plastics are discussed, and a material lifecycle perspective is proposed that would be integrated into a circular economy of biological plastics. Preventing petrochemical plastics pollution requires a shift to fossil-free feedstock and energy and the design of biopolymers with desired properties. In this work, strategies for improving the performance and recyclability of biological plastics by designing polymers with diversified functionalities are presented.
Networks of Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Malgaroli Matteo , Calderon Adam , Bonanno George A.
Published: February 2021

There has been a marked increase of network studies of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Despite rapidly growing contributions, their findings have yet to be systematically aggregated and examined. We therefore conducted a systematic review of depression network studies using PRISMA guidelines. A total of 254 clinical and population studies were collected from ISI's Web of Science and PsycINFO, between January 2010 to May 2020. A total of 23 between-subject studies were included for review, resulting in 58 cross-sectional networks. To determine their most critical symptoms and their connections, we analyzed strength centrality rankings, and aggregated the most robust symptoms connections into a summary network. Results indicated substantial variability between study samples, depression measures, and network features. Fatigue and Depressed Mood were the most central symptoms, while Weight changes tended to have the weakest centrality. Depressed Mood and Fatigue formed two separated symptoms communities characterized by recurrent connections, with Mood-Anhedonia as the most frequent edge of MDD. Network analysis informed our understanding of MDD, suggesting the critical role of Fatigue and Depressed Mood. The study's findings are discussed in their clinical and methodological implications, including future directions for network studies of MDD.
Analysis of Difficulty Index, Discrimination Index and Distractor Efficiency of Multiple Choice Questions of Speech Sounds of English
Authors: Sharma Lok Raj
Published: February 2021

The prime purpose of this research article is to analyze 20 multiple choice questions (MCQs) regarding the consonant and vowel sounds of English having asked to the Bachelor of Education (B. Ed) first year major English students in their achievement examination conducted at Makawanpur Multiple Campus, Hetauda, Nepal in 2020. The researcher employed 33% students from the group of high achievers from the top and 33% students from the group of low achievers from the bottom by including 18 students from the population of 27 students. Each item was analyzed for difficulty index (DIF I), discrimination index (DI), and distractor effectiveness (DE). 3 (15%) questions fell in the range of the difficulty index of (0.20 – 0.39). 14 (70%) questions fell in the range of the difficulty index of (0.40 – 0.59).  2 (10%) questions fell in the range of the difficulty index of (0.60 – 0.79).  1 (5%) Question fell in the range of the difficulty index of (0.80 – 0.89).  2 (10%) questions lay in the discrimination index of (0.20-0.29) and 18 (90%) questions lay in the discrimination index of    5 (25%) questions had one non-functional distractor, whereas 15 (75%) questions had zero nun-functional distractor. Out of 60 distractors, 5 (8.34%) distractors were non-functional and 55 (91.66%) distractors were functional. It was found that most of the multiple choice questions were reliable and valid.
Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Operasi Hitung Penjumlahan, Pengurangan, Perkalian Dan Pembagian Pada Siswa Kelas IV SD N Bugel Panjatan Kulon Progo
Authors: Danuri Danuri , Ridho Rizki Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Analysis of learning difficulties in mathematics is one of the important activities in order to determine the obstacles experienced during class learning. This research aims to analyze the difficulty of learning in the material operations of the addition, subtraction, multiplication and division in grade IV students at Bugel state elementary school, Panjatan, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. The research method used is a qualitative approach. This research was carried out in May 2020. From the social situation, there were grade IV students at state elementary school in Kepanewonan Panjatan, Kulon Progo Yogyakarta. The subjects in this study were grade IV students and teachers. Data collection used were observation, interview, and test techniques. The collected data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model data analysis which included data reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions. Then  the data validity test was done by triangulation of sources, and techniques. The results of the study on the arithmetic operations and operations reduction students did not have difficulty in understanding the material and calculating the matter of addition and subtraction. While in multiplication and division operations, there were still students who had difficulties.
Pengaruh Model Student Teams Achivement Division (STAD) Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa
Authors: Aufa Minzani , Amrul Haq Akhmad Liana
Published: February 2021

The research objective was to determine how much influence the application of the Student Teams Achievement Divisions has on student achivement and understanding of the consept student learning material. This research uses the Action Research method which is carried out in two cycles, in each cycle carrying out the planning, application, observation, and reflection stages. The subjects of this research were 25 students of class V MIM 1 Bumirejo. The data analysis technique uses descriptive quantitative and data obtained from the test. The result showed the level of attainment of student learning completeness information in cycle 1 was 44%, in cycle 2 it was 84 %, meaning that the application of the Student Teams Achievement Divisions type of cooperative learning model increased by 40%. In the description of the test results for understanding the concept of learning materials based on the achievement of the KKM, students experienced a significant increase in the concept of learning material.
Pengembangan Instrumen Keterlibatan Orangtua Dalam Menumbuhkan Minat Baca
Authors: Purwandari Septiyati , Triana Putri Meinita , Husna Aftina Nurul , Mayawati Annis Ika
Published: February 2021

The considerations for this research are (1) growing interest in reading is the duty of parents, but what forms of parental involvement are not widely understood. (2) the dynamics of the problem of parenting skills are very interesting, progressive and urgent to continue to be studied because the acceleration of the digital era requires parents to be more responsive and literate (3) there are still few studies that discuss the development of parental involvement instruments in fostering reading interest both quantitatively and qualitatively. So that developing an instrument that can provide information on the extent of parental involvement in fostering reading interest is the aim of this study. The research stages are carried out by (1) affirming the measuring area; (2) writing items; (3) testing; and (4) psychometric analysis using quantitative methods. Therefore, this research instrument uses a questionnaire prepared based on the literature review process that supports the research variables. Furthermore, the questionnaire is tested for content validity by an expert (Expert Judgment) to conduct a study and selection of items for each indicator. In this process, 40 items from 82 items were selected, as a result of this study. The trial was carried out on the research subjects, namely parents who have children aged from early childhood to elementary school with a total of 521 respondents. While the reliability test of this questionnaire shows the Cronbach Alpha coefficient = 0.941, which means that in psychomoteric analysis this instrument has perfect internal consistency. Based on these data, it can be concluded that the instrument developed can measure the extent to which parents are involved in fostering children's reading interest.
The Effectiveness of Digital Media for Students’ Writing Abilities: A Literature Review
Authors: Fidian Athia
Published: February 2021

Writing is one of the skills difficult for students to achieve and requires the right media in the process of transferring the knowledge. Learning in today's era demands learning media that supports and bridges the learning process so that it is easier conveying to students. The use of digital media based on to the students’ needs is one solution to problems related to students' writing skills. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of digital media for students' writing abilities. It conducted a literature review with two steps; database search and thematic analysis. The results of this study indicate that learning using digital media for students' writing ability is very effective in use. Furthermore, this study suggests the use of digital media to suit the specific writing skills.
NEO-PROTECTIONISM AND TRADE WARS
Authors: Anatoliy MAZARAKI , Tetiana МЕLNYK
Published: February 2021

Background. Ukraine is integrating closer into international economic processes and at this stage it is important to work out a mechanism of relationship formation ratio between freedom of trade and protectionism, which would smooth the effects of the global market slump and use maximally the benefits that can be obtained abroad. The aim of the article is to reveal the problems of neo-protectionism in the modern period of global economic development and the related deployment of trade wars between the count­ries of the world with the analysis of their consequences for the global economies and Ukraine. Materialsandmethods. The information base of the study is the publications of do­mestic and foreign scholars on the protectionism problems and certain trade wars mani­festations in trade policy; official data of the statistical office of the USA, the WTO and other international organizations. Methods of systematization, analysis and synthesis, graphic, tabular, etc. have been used in the research. Results. In the arsenal of trade and political struggle of countries, along with trade­tional forms of import restrictions, there are effective measures of foreign trade regulation such as administrative, financial, credit, technical, etc., which are gaining strength and greatly complicate free movement of goods across borders. Analysis and identification of modern protection forms of national markets have shown that the expansion of protectionist forms and methods is carried out as the result of the application of non-tariff trade restrictions, which are particularly active in developed industrialized countries, including the USA, although they are demonstrative free trade supporters. The consequences of the confrontation of "big" economies are manifested in the form of "trade wars". Their escalation can significantly influence the world economy and trade and negatively affect the economies of developing countries. Conclusion. The development of international trade can be characterized as a combi­nation of neo-free trade and neo-protectionism at the present stage. It has been established that neo-protectionist measures can give impulse to the development of national production and stimulate domestic demand for developing countries, although a significant number of such measures may create significant risks in long-term perspective. The results of the confrontation between the "big"economies are revealed in the form of "trade wars", which intensification can significantly affect the world economy and trade and negatively influence the economies of developing countries. Neo-protectionism measures which can be useful for Ukraine’s economy development in modern conditions are offered. Keywords: protectionism, neo-protectionism,international economic policy, "trade war", foreign trade, tariffs, non-tariff measures.
ASP STRUCTURE: PREVENTION OFECONOMIC FRAUD
Authors: Mariia NEZHYVA , Viktoriia MYSIUK
Published: February 2021

Measures to detect fraud and fraudsters have been developed in the article, including the definition of common "red flags" for a person who commits typical and accidental abuse. The main organizational control structures used to prevent fraud are identified. Evidence was analyzed in both paper and electronic formats, including big data, to form a classification of fraudsters and fraudulent activities. Possible solutions for effective fraud management and its prevention within the company by the help of ASP approach were developed. Keyworlds: fraud, economicfraud, fraudster, bribery, forensic, ASP, ACFE.
US hybrid wars with Europe and East Asia in 2014-2020
Authors:   Moscow University for the Humanities, Russia, Moscow, Skopin Aleksey Yu.
Published: February 2021

Since 2014, the US has moved to conduct an active hybrid war with Europe, and since 2016 - with East Asia. The goal of these wars is to eliminate the Euro zone and have a negative economic impact on the economies of Europe and East Asia, in order to preserve the global economic leadership of the United States and preserve the global value of the dollar as a means of accumulation. At a cost of 15-20 billion dollar in 2014-2019 the annual damage from the four instruments of negative influence to the European economy amounted to 300 billion dollars and for the East Asian economy, it is 250-300 billion dollars (2020). This shows the high efficiency of US hybrid wars and their continuation in the coming years.
The Evolution of Relations between Myanmar and China in the 1990s: Results and Assessments
Authors:   HSE University, Russia, Moscow, Naing Wai Yan Phyo
Published: February 2021

The article gives insights in relations between Myanmar and China after Myanmar’s generals seized power through a coup d'état in September 1988. As a result of repressions and the failed power transition to the opposition in 1990, the US and Europe imposed harsh economic sanctions on Myanmar’s military government. This forced the Yangon to establish closer political and economic ties with Beijing. The author outlines the specificity of cooperation between Myanmar and China along the political-military, the economic and the social tracks with the focus upon discrepancies between the official and the grass-root levels. In the author’s opinion, the growing imbalance between these dimensions accounted for the key vulnerability factor in the dialogue between the two countries.
Reasons and Typological Features of Public Protests in Thailand in 2020
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of science (MOSCOW), Fomicheva Elena A.
Published: February 2021

The author sets the task to try to understand the causes and specifics of mass and prolonged student street anti-government demonstrations in Thailand in 2020. The paper attempts to identify the actors and goals of the protests, examines the organizational features of the movement and the evolution of the students’ demands. The author also seeks to understand what the behind-the-scenes engines of the protest movement can be and what forces can benefit from them.
The ASEAN Economic Community in the Priorities of Japanese Companies: the Role of Singapore as a Point of Market Entry
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Kanaev Evgeny A. , Shaternikov Pavel S. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Vaseneva Ekaterina А.
Published: February 2021

The article explores the potential of Singapore as a point of entry to the market of Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) within the framework of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). Starting from an analysis of the specificity of AEC as a multilateral project, the paper proceeds with revealing the institutional links between Singapore Business Federation and AEC to finally turn to identifying the extent to which Japanese companies see Singapore’s institutions as mechanisms to expand their presence to the rest of Southeast Asia. In the authors’ opinion, from the ASEAN market entry perspective the potential of Singapore, for all its outstanding achievements as an area of doing business excellence, should not be overestimated.
Position of some Southeast Asia Countries to the Afghan Armed Conflict of 1979-1989
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, Rabush Taisiya V.
Published: February 2021

The article analyzed the official position of some states of Southeast Asia to the «Afghan war» 1979–1989. In the first part the author examines the position of Thailand and Democratic Kampuchea, in the second part – the position of Vietnam, Laos and the People's Republic of Kampuchea. The main conclusion is the example of the position of the Southeast Asia countries to the Afghan conflict, the contradictions of the Cold War were especially pronounced, since the countries of the region were clearly divided in relation to this issue depending on bilateral relations with the USSR and the political orientation of each state.
Research of the mechanism of the impact of dispersion additives on the rheological properties of disperse systems based on wheat flour
Authors: Boruk S. D. , Kravchenko M. F. , Romanovska O. L.
Published: February 2021

In the paper the requirements to the physicochemical properties of the potential substitutes of the used food additives are considered. Cocoa is one of the products that is constantly looking for its potential substitutes. Studies have shown that when added to aquatic systems, cocoa is divided into two components: substances that pass into the volume of the system and are evenly distributed in it due to the passage of extraction processes, and resistant to the external influence of particles that swell and become nodes of the spatial structural network. Potential substitutes for cocoa in confectionery should not only preserve the relevant organoleptic properties of the final product, but also reproduce the behavior of cocoa in semi-finished products. We have shown that the separation of cocoa into soluble and insoluble component occurs in the ratio of 3: 1. The obtained results allow us to predict that in such systems the soluble component exerts a greater influence on their rheological characteristics. It has been found that the introduction of cocoa flour and its ingredients leads to a gradual increase in the viscosity of the dough. This is due to the processes of structure formation in the dispersed systems due to the leaching of substances from cocoa.

It should be noted that cocoa powder works most effectively, the water-soluble component is less effective and finally the insoluble component has little effect on the viscosity of the dough samples. This indicates the decisive role of the intensity of interparticle interaction in the processes of structure formation in such systems. Substances that are contained in a water-soluble component capable of forming bridging bonds contribute to the formation of structure in the system. Purely mechanical impurities (insoluble component) have virtually no effect on the rheological characteristics of the system.

It was found that the total effect of cocoa components on rheological characteristics is less than the effect of cocoa powder as a complex additive. This indicates that particles of the dispersed phase of a water-insoluble cocoa component are more likely to form a structural framework with molecules of a water-soluble component of cocoa. Therefore, the chemical affinity of soluble and insoluble components plays an important role in the structuring of dispersed systems based on wheat flour.
The evolution of US political propaganda in the context of geopolitical confrontation of the post-bipolar era
Authors: Pylypiuk Kateryna
Published: February 2021

The article analyzes the evolution of the propaganda of the United States of America after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The end of the Cold War marked the beginning of a new era. For America, it was an opportunity to establish itself as the only superpower of that time. Realizing the full force of informational and psychological influence, the United States began to build a policy that would focus on psychological operations without the use of physical weapons and force. In addition, the claim to the title of a single superpower and the desire to reduce the influence of the Russian Federation on the countries of the post-Soviet space forced to bear the burden of an state which participate in resolving any conflicts that may arise.
Caracterización de la comunidad de malezas y su diversidad en una modelación estadística en un cultivo de duraznero (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.)
Authors: Moreno-Preciado Oscar Eduardo , Balaguera-Lopez Helber Enrique
Published: February 2021

En los frutales, incluido el duraznero, las malezas son uno de los principales problemas que afectan la productividad y la calidad y se considera necesario conocer aspectos de la biología y la ecología de estas especies, para realizar un correcto manejo integral. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar la caracterización de las especies de malezas presentes en el cultivo de duraznero (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch), determinando los índices de diversidad y el uso de un modelo geoespacial, para observar su distribución en campo. Se seleccionó un cultivo comercial de 4,5ha de duraznero variedad Robidoux, se muestrearon 15 puntos aleatoriamente, mediante un cuadro de 0,25m2; con las especies de malezas presentes en cada cuadro, se determinaron los índices de valor de importancia (IVI), de dominancia (1-D), Shannon-Wiener (H´) y Pielou (E). A estos índices, se les realizó modelación de la variabilidad espacial, mediante interpolación polinomial local. La representatividad relativa con los estimadores Chao 2 y Jacknife 1 confirmó que se documentó el 79 y 72% de las especies presentes, respectivamente. Se identificaron 12 especies, de las cuales, Oxalis corniculata, Modiola caroliniana, Lolium temulentum y Fuertesimalva limensis presentaron el mayor IVI y estas especies, se consideran como las de mayor interferencia en el cultivo. Se encontró que la diversidad fue baja, no es equitativa y presenta dominancia de O. corniculata y M. caroliniana. La modelación geoespacial de los índices de diversidad reportó una variación importante en todo el cultivo. Esta información, se convierte en una herramienta útil para el manejo integral de malezas en el cultivo de duraznero.
STATUS GIZI REMAJA DI SMKN 1 INDRAMAYU KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU
Authors: Siti Nurbaeti Tayong
Published: February 2021

Nutrition is defined as a process of organisms using food consumed normally through the process of digestion, absorption, transportation, storage, metabolism and expenditure of nutrients to maintain the life, growth and normal functioning of organs and to produce energy. Adolescence is very important because it is a transitional period between children and adults. Balanced Nutrition at this time will greatly determine their maturity in the future. This community service was conducted at SMK Negeri 1 Indramayu with the aim of knowing the description of adolescent nutritional status by measuring the knowledge and consumption patterns of adolescents. The results of community service showed that most (45%) of adolescent nutrition knowledge was quite good, most (65%) of teenage consumption patterns were lacking and most (75%) nutritional status of normal adolescents.
OUTLINE (SISTEMATIKA PENULISAN) KARYA TULIS AKADEMIK (SKRIPSI, TESIS, DAN DISERTASI)
Authors: Senjaya Aan Juhana
Published: February 2021

Perkembangan metodologi penelitian telah berkembang seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi informatika, terutama perkembangan teknologi komputer dan mobile phone atau Handphone (HP). Perkembangan tersebut berdampak pada perkembangan masalah sosial yang dihadapi masyarakat. Akibatnya, penelitian untuk mencari solusi permasalahan pun bervariatif. Hal tersebut menyebabkan perkembangan sistematika penulisan karya tulis menjadi semakin variatif pula. Oleh karena itu, para pembimbing karya tulis akademik (Skripsi, Tugas Ahir, Tesis) tidak cukup hanya berbekal pengalaman semasa menulis karya tulis akademiknya, namun perlu mmengikuti perkembangan metodologi penelitian kekinian. Salah satu hal yang kadang dianggap sepele namun cukup menentukan keberhasilan seorang penulis adalah penyusunan Outline karya ilmiah. Outline karya ilmiah akan bervariatif seiring variatif metodologi penelitian. Sementara serigkali para penulis maupun pembimbing terjebak pada contoh karya tulis yang lalu maupun pengalaman pembimbing semasa menyelesaikan studinya. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka tulisan ini akan membahas tetang perkembangan metodologi penelitian, perkembangan alat bantu statistik, dan Outline karya tulis akademik. Adapun tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk memberikan bekal wawasan kepada para dosen  (terutama dosen muda), agar mampu membimbing mahasiswa secara dinamis sesuai dengan masalah yang akan dikaji mahasiswa bimbingannya. Metode pengumpulan informasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan studi pustaka, sedangkan pendekatan penyampaian informasi dilakukan dengan metode diskusi (Focus Group). Hasil yang akan dicapai adalah sejumlah contoh Outline yang dapat dijadikan acuan bagi para mahasiswa yang akan menulis karya tulis akademiknya serta para pembimbing penulisan karya tulis akademik.
Pendampingan Belajar Matematika Pada Materi Pecahan di Desa Lajer Kecamatan Tukdana Kabupaten Indramayu
Authors: Ismunandar Denni , Rosyadi Rosyadi , Nandang Nandang , Azis Khairul
Published: February 2021

Matematika merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran yang diajarkan di seluruh jenjang pendidikan tingkat SD hingga perguruan tinggi. Matematika juga sering dianggap sebagai mata pelajaran yang paling sulit dipahami oleh siswa. Oleh karena itu, perlu diadakan bimbingan belajar agar siswa dapat memecahkan masalah-masalah yang berkaitan dengan materi pelajaran matematika. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini menggunakan metode ceramah. Kegiatan bimbingan belajar ini bertujuan supaya siswa – siswi dapat menumbuhkan semangat belajar dan dapat mengatasi kesulitan belajar dalam pembelajaran matematika sehingga siswa dapat mencapai hasil belajar yang optimal. Hasil kegiatan bimbingan belajar yang telah dilaksanakan adalah siswa senang  dan tumbuh semangat belajar. Selain itu anak - anak dan orang tua mengharapkan kegiatan pengabdian ini dapat dilakukan seterusnya dan berkelanjutan.