bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTATION OF A FINITE ELEMENT CLASS LIBRARY USING GENERALIZED PROGRAMMING
Authors: Choporov S. V. , Ihnatchenko M. S. , Kudin O. V. , Kryvokhata A. G. , Homeniuk S. I.
Published: July 2021

Context. For computer modeling of complex objects and phenomena of various nature, in practice, the numerical finite element method is often used. Its software implementation (especially for the study of new classes of problems) is a rather laborious process. The high cost of software development makes the development of new approaches to improving the efficiency of programming and maintenance (including the addition of new functions) urgent.
Objective. The aim of the work is to create a new effective architecture of programs for finite element analysis of problems in mathematical physics, which makes it easy to expand their functionality to solve new classes of problems.
Method. A method for developing programs for finite element analysis using generalized programming is proposed, which makes it possible to significantly simplify the architecture of the software and make it more convenient for maintenance and modification by separating algorithms and data structures.
A new architecture of classes that implement finite element calculation is proposed, which makes it possible to easily expand the functionality of programs by adding new types of finite elements, methods for solving systems of linear algebraic equations, parallel computations, etc.
Results. The proposed approach was implemented in software as a class library in C ++. A number of computational experiments have been carried out, which have confirmed its efficiency in solving practical problems.
Conclusions. The developed approach can be used both to create general-purpose finite element analysis systems with an open architecture, and to implement specialized software packages focused on solving specific classes of problems (fracture mechanics, elastomers, contact interaction, etc.).
GUIDED HYBRID GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR SOLVING GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS
Authors: Avramenko S. E. , Zheldak T. A. , Koriashkina L. S.
Published: July 2021

Context. One of the leading problems in the world of artificial intelligence is the optimization of complex systems, which is often represented as a nonlinear function that needs to be minimized. Such functions can be multimodal, non-differentiable, and even set as a black box. Building effective methods for solving global optimization problems raises great interest among scientists.
Objective. Development of a new hybrid genetic algorithm for solving global optimization problems, which is faster than existing analogues.
Methods. One of the crucial challenges for hybrid methods in solving nonlinear global optimization problems is the rational use of local search, as its application is accompanied by quite expensive computational costs. This paper proposes a new GBOHGA hybrid genetic algorithm that reproduces guided local search and combines two successful modifications of genetic algorithms. The first one is BOHGA that establishes a qualitative balance between local and global search. The second one is HGDN that prevents reexploration of the previously explored areas of a search space. In addition, a modified bump-function and an adaptive scheme for determining one of its parameters – the radius of the “deflation” of the objective function in the vicinity of the already found local minimum – were presented to accelerate the algorithm.
Results. GBOHGA performance compared to other known stochastic search heuristics on a set of 33 test functions in 5 and 25dimensional spaces. The results of computational experiments indicate the competitiveness of GBOHGA, especially in problems with multimodal functions and a large number of variables.
Conclusions. The new GBOHGA hybrid algorithm, developed on the basis of the integration of guided local search ideas and BOHGA and HGDN algorithms, allows to save significant computing resources and speed up the solution process of the global optimization problem. It should be used to solve global optimization problems that arise in engineering design, solving organizational and management problems, especially when the mathematical model of the problem is complex and multidimensional.
On the Etymology of the Oikonym Vogošća (Sarajevo Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Authors:   University of Sarajevo, Drešković Nusret , Spahić Edita ,   University of Sarajevo
Published: July 2021

The paper describes the possible etymological development of the oikonym Vogošća, the name of one of the nine municipalities of Sarajevo Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Although the first traces of human presence in the area of Vogošća date back to the Neolithic period, its wider surroundings started being inhabited in Antiquity — first by the Illyrians who, in the early 1st century AD, were defeated by the Romans. The oldest records of this oikonym are found in the 15th and 17th centuries Ottoman cadastral books. Based on these defters, written in sijakat, a variety of the Arabic script, the form of the settlement name may be restored as Gogošta, Ogošta, Vgošta or Vogošta. These forms should be compared with other toponyms that prove both linguistically and geographically approximate, namely with the oikonym Ogošte (Ogošta, Hogošt) in Kosovo and the hydronym Ogosta in Bulgaria. It is assumed that the oikonym Vogošća goes back to the anthroponym August and that the etymological development is as follows: August + suffix -jь + suffix -a > Agọšta > Ogošta > Vogošta. Based on this etymological development, the authors conclude that the basis of this oikonym derives from the Slavic possessive adjective with the meaning ‘Augustʼs,’ the form Vogošća being thus an elliptical toponym. The authors discuss the phonetic changes in the course of this etymological development and provide historical evidence to substantiate the deanthroponymic formation of the oikonym Vogošća: based on the archaeological excavations, it is assumed the Roman military unit Augusta VIII or its veterans were located in the area of Sarajevo.
Mimeticonym as a Result of Secondary Self-Naming
Authors:   Ural State Pedagogical University, Dziuba Elena V. , Eremina Svetlana A. ,   Ural State Pedagogical University
Published: July 2021

The paper examines a particular type of secondary self-naming that is commonly attested in China universities as a means to enter a foreign cultural environment. Given its purpose to facilitate intercultural communication, the authors note a clear pattern how this secondary proper name is chosen: a Russian name is used when studying the Russian language, and a European one — when mastering other languages (English, German, French, etc.). A term mimeticonym is introduced for such secondary proper name the person is choosing to familiarize themselves with a foreign culture. The paper describes a two-level experiment focusing on motivation behind this secondary self-naming practice, which includes linguistic, situational, communicative, and sociocultural factors. The authors distinguish between mimeticonyms of the 1st and 2nd stage — the former acquired when studying the first foreign language (in this case, Russian), the latter — when mastering others (European). At the first stage, linguistic features predominate since “Russian” names seem phonetically approximate to the real names, the sound form is brief and easy to pronounce, and there’s a semantic similarity between etymons of the Chinese and Russian names. Communicative factors reveal the influence of the situational context on choosing a secondary name (typically, within the educational discourse) while sociocultural factors reveal the level of awareness about the target culture among foreign students. The fact that these naming patterns tend to reproduce when the person gets to study other foreign languages, allows the authors to conclude their sustainable nature. Based on the data of a survey among Chinese students of Russian and other foreign languages, the semantic structure of the secondary name is described in terms of signification, denotation, and connotation. On the functional side, the role of secondary self-naming (the choice of a mimeticonym) is key for person’s adaptation to a different culture and reducing psychological stress in the process of intercultural communication.
Onomastics in Pushkin Studies: The Names Larin, Larina, Lariny in Eugene Onegin
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Fomin Anatoly A.
Published: July 2021

The paper discusses the literary proper names Larin, Larina, Lariny (the Larins) from Pushkin’s novel Eugene Onegin, aiming to identify the most important factors behind the choice of this surname. To this end, the researcher establishes a reference for each of the poetonyms, considers their distribution in the text, examines the contexts of the primary and repeated character naming, and explores the semantic potential of these names for characterization and revealing the author’s attitude to his characters. The study has identified six factors that determined the relevance of poetonyms in the given work and, respectively, explain their choice by the writer. The first factor is the commonality of usage which adds to the realism and credibility of the literary image. Another significant factor is the word-formation pattern the name follows. The surname Larin comes from the folk anthroponymic forms Larya, Lara, which, in turn, are derived from the personal name Larion that goes back to the anthroponym Ilarion (from ancient Greek ἱλαρός, ‘cheerful, joyful’). The third factor is related to using the etymological meaning of the personal name Ilarion for characterization purposes. The fourth factor is its associative flow, that is, the ability to trigger associations that describe the surname bearers in the general context of the work. This associative background of the poetonyms evolves in two possible directions: Larin (-a, -y) — lar’ and lary. Both of these perform characterization functions, affecting the reader’s understanding of the poetonym. The fifth factor is the syllabic structure of the surname. The male form Larin is a choreic foot, the female and collective forms of Larina / Lariny form a dactylic foot. Both easily fit into the iambic tetrameter used in Pushkin’s novel. The sixth factor is the phonetic aspect of the surname. The phonosemantic analysis of the poetonyms provides convincing evidence that their exponents have positive ratings across a number of scales. The positive axiological coloring of these poetic names contrasts with the negative coloring of the names of other landowners, which is consistent with the author’s assessment of the characters.
Problems of the Lexicography of Modern Regional Nicknames. Review of the book: Bobrova, M. V. (2020). Materialy dlia slovaria sovremennykh prozvishch zhitelei Permskogo kraia [Materials for the Dictionary of Modern Nicknames of the Residents of the Perm Region]. St Petersburg: RHGA. 195 p.
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Kyurshunova Irina A. ,   Institute of Language, Literature and History of the Karelian Scientific Centre of the RAS, Semenova Olga V. ,   Petrozavodsk State University
Published: July 2021

The book under review examines the case of compiling a regional dictionary of modern nicknames. The dictionary contains more than 2,000 unofficial appellations from respondents of different social background, age, and socio-cultural groups, collected over the years by the author-compiler (Maria Bobrova) and her team on the territory of the Perm region. The book opens with a preface and a three-part introduction in which the author substantiates the principles of material selection, collection, and presentation, specifies the timeframe and the geographical scope of the dictionary. Apart from the practical aspects regarding the macrostructure of the book, it also touches upon some important theoretical problems related to terminology and classification of the material. The latter is a primary and undisputed advantage of the dictionary, showcased in previous publications and conference contributions. It is quite certain that this material will be of interest to a wide circle of researchers in the field of humanities besides onomatologists. Some critical remarks made in the review do not diminish the importance and relevance of the work, and therefore the prospects of Maria Bobrova’s research are obvious.
Regularities of plaque stabilization in various scenarios of neointimal calcification and vascularization
Authors: Osyaev N. Yu. , Bogdanov L. A. , Mukhamadiyarov R. A. , Shabaev A. R. , Shishkova D. K. , Markova V. E. , Gruzdeva O. V. , Kutikhin A. G.
Published: July 2021

Aim. To study the relationships between phenotypes of extracranial arteries' plaques (stable/unstable), their calcification and its causes, in particular, vascularization.

Material and methods. The study included 88 patients: patients (n=44) with ischemic stroke and those (n=44) with chronic brain ischemia. In all subjects, the parameters of systemic mineral homeostasis were assessed (total and ionized calcium, phosphate, total protein, albumin, and calcification propensity). Atherosclerotic plaques have been obtained during carotid endarterectomy, fixed in formalin, postfixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, stained in 2% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in ascending ethanol series and acetone, stained with 2% alcoholic uranyl acetate and embedded into epoxy resin with its further polymerization. Epoxy resin blocks were grinded, polished, counterstained with Reynolds' lead citrate and sputter coated with carbon. Sample visualization was performed employing backscattered scanning electron microscopy. Number and area of calcium deposits and neointimal vessels were quantified using ImageJ. Statistical analysis was carried out using Mann-Whitney U-test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.

Results. It was found that area of neointimal calcification, but not number of calcium deposits, was associated with the stable plaque phenotype. The stabilizing effect of calcification was manifested in retarding stenosis associated with plaque rupture and stroke. Calcification extent directly correlated with total and local plaque vascularization, which have been associated with unstable and stable plaque phenotype, respectively. In addition, plaque calcification negatively correlated with total protein and albumin, thereby reflecting the impaired systemic mineral homeostasis.

Conclusion. Atherosclerotic plaque calcification and active local vascularization reduce stenosis extent and stabilize plaque. In contrast, total plaque calcification contributes to the atherosclerosis progression and promotes major acute cardiovascular events.
Fibrosis biomarkers and global myocardial strain in the diagnosis and prediction of diastolic dysfunction in patients with myocardial infarction and preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Osokina A. V. , Karetnikova V. N. , Ryzhenkova S. N. , Polikutina O. M. , Ivanova A. V. , Gruzdeva O. V. , Barbarash O. L.
Published: July 2021

Aim. To assess the correlation of fibrosis biomarkers with parameters of diastolic function (DF) in assessing global longitudinal strain in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (EF).

Material and methods. We examined 50 patients (100%) with primary STEMI and preserved LVEF at the end of hospitalization. On the 1st day of MI, standard diagnostic investigations were carried out. On the 12th day, the serum concentration of procollagen type I carboxy-terminal propeptide (PICP), N-terminal propeptide of procollagen type III (PIIINP), and galectin-3 was determined, as well as echocardiography was performed to assess left ventricular DF. After 1 year, all participants underwent reassessment of PICP, PIIINP, and galectin-3 serum levels. Echocardiography was also performed with an assessment of DF and LV global longitudinal strain.

Results. According to speckle-tracking echocardiography, LV global longitudinal strain was visualized in 30 patients (60%), who were included in the final analysis. In the rest of the patients (40%), the limitations did not allow the technique to be performed. During the hospitalization, signs of diastolic dysfunction (DD) were detected in 5 (16,6%) patients; after 1 year, their number increased by 7 (23,3%). During the 1-year follow-up, the total number of patients with echocardiographic signs of DD was 20 (67%). At the same time, global strain parameters indicated the presence of DD in 23 (77%) patients. However, comparison of the incidence of DD according to echocardiography and using the speckle-tracking technology did not show significant differences (p=0,283). Throughout the entire follow-up period, the concentration of the studied fibrosis markers significantly exceeded the control group values. We recorded associations of global strain parameters with biochemical markers of fibrosis and LV DF indicators.

Conclusion. Fibrosis biomarkers (PICP, PIIINP, galectin-3), assessed in the subacute period of MI in patients with preserved EF, correlated with indicators of global myocardial strain, which indicates the potential value of their determination for predicting and detecting DD in the postinfarction period.
Multicenter study: carotid endarterectomy in the first hours after ischemic stroke
Authors: Kazantsev A. N. , Vinogradov R. A. , Chernyavsky M. A. , Kravchuk V. N. , Matusevich V. V. , Chernykh K. P. , Shabaev A. R. , Shukurov I. N. , Bagdavadze G. Sh. , Lutsenko V. A. , Sultanov R. V. , Vaiman E. F. , Porkhanov V. A. , Khubulava G. G.
Published: July 2021

Aim. To analyze inhospital outcomes of carotid endarterectomy (CE) in the acute period (within 3 days from the onset) of ischemic stroke.

Material and methods. This retrospective multicenter study for the period from January 2008 to August 2020 included 357 patients who underwent CE in the acute period of stroke. An interdisciplinary commission defined the revascularization timing. There were following inclusion criteria: 1. Mild neurological disorders: NIHSS stroke of 3-8; modified Rankin Scale score <2; Bartel index >61; 2. Indications for CE according to the current national guidelines; 3. Brain ischemic focus <2,5 cm in diameter. There were following exclusion criteria: 1. Presence of contraindications to CE. The endpoints were such unfavorable cardiovascular events as death, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA), silent stroke, silent hemorrhagic transformations, Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type >3b bleeding, internal carotid artery thrombosis, composite endpoint (death + all strokes/TIA + MI). Silent strokes were those strokes, established according to control multi-slice computed tomography angiography, without symptoms.

Results. During the in-hospital follow-up period, 8 deaths (2,24%), 5 MIs (1,4%), 6 strokes/TIAs (1,7%), 15 silent ischemic strokes (4,2%), 13 hemorrhagic transformations (3,6%), 26 silent hemorrhagic transformations (7,3%), and 6 BARC type >3b bleeding (1,7%) were recorded. Thus, the combined endpoint was 20,4% (n=73).

Conclusion. Due to the high incidence of cardiovascular events, CE is not a safe operation for patients in the acute period of ischemic stroke. The stroke + mortality rate exceeding 3% demonstrates the ineffectiveness of this method of treatment.
Molecular and metabolic characteristics of changes in the platelet sensitivity to antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery disease before and after coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Goncharov M. D. , Grinshtein Yu. I. , Savchenko A. A. , Kosinova A. A.
Published: July 2021

Aim. To study the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by platelets in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) before and after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), depending on their sensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) as a part of ASA monotherapy and dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) (ASA+clopidogrel).

Material and methods. The study included 104 patients with CAD (ASA monotherapy, 64 patients; DAPT, 40 patients). From day 1 after CABG, they took 100 mg a day of enteric-coated ASA. In the DAPT group, clopidogrel was prescribed for 2-3 days after CABG. All measurements were performed before surgery, on the 1st day and days 8-10 after surgery. Control group consisted of 36 healthy donors. Resistance to ASA was determined at a level of optical platelet aggregation with arachidonic acid >20% at least at one observation point. The spontaneous and ADP-induced chemiluminescence (CL) of platelets with luminol and lucigenin was assessed according to the following parameters: time to maximum intensity (Tmax), maximum intensity (Imax), area (S) under the CL curve, and the ratio of ADP-induced CL S to spontaneous CL S.

Results. Throughout the study, 71 patients with CAD were sensitive to ASA (sASA) (ASA monotherapy, 46 patients; DAPT, 25 patients), three patients — resistant (rASA) (ASA monotherapy, 1; DAPT, 2). Sensitivity of other 30 patients (ASA monotherapy, 17; DAPT, 13) changed in different follow-up periods. Compared to the control group, sASA patients had increased values of platelet CL parameters throughout the study, while in the rASA group (ASA monotherapy), Tmax was higher before CABG, and in the rASA group (ASA therapy+clopidogrel), Imax and S were higher on the first day after CABG, while Imax — on days 8-10 after CABG. Compared to sASA, the values of S and Imax before CABG, Imax after CABG, as well as Imax and S on the days 8-10 after CABG in rASA (ASA monotherapy) were significantly lower, while in rASA (ASA therapy+clopidogrel), only the Tmax values were lower on the 8-10 days after CABG.

Conclusion. In patients with CAD, depending on the sensitivity to ASA and antiplatelet therapy after CABG, the metabolic activity of platelets in terms of ROS production differs. In sASA patients, ROS synthesis is higher than in healthy individuals, while, in rASA patients (ASA monotherapy), platelets produce ROS levels lower than in sASA. CABG surgery and the addition of clopidogrel to ASA therapy leads to increased ROS production in rASA patients in the postoperative period.
Organization of lipid centers operation in the Russian Federation — new opportunities
Authors: Ezhov M. V. , Barbarash O. L. , Voevoda M. I. , Gurevich V. S. , Vezikova N. N. , Sadykova D. I. , Sergienko I. V. , Kashtalap V. V. , Meshkov A. N. , Duplyakov D. V. , Sokolov A. A. , Boytsov S. A.
Published: July 2021

Project of the Russian National Atherosclerosis Society

In 2016, Guidelines on the medical care organization to the patients with hereditary atherogenic lipid disorders in the regions of Russia were published, which described and presented the principles of routing patients with hereditary dyslipidemia and the organization of medical care for them within the current regulatory documents. In December 2018, the Russian Ministry of Health approved clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia. Thus, persons with a severe hereditary dyslipidemia were able to get free medication with expensive lipid-lowering drugs and receive apheresis. Following the European ones, the Russian guidelines on the management of lipid metabolism disorders were updated: lower target low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were adopted. In the Russian population, there is a high prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, including familial monogenic and polygenic types. Therefore, timely detection and routing to a lipid center or an office to a specialist (cardiologist, lipidologist), adequate and modern prescription of lipid-lowering therapy will make an important contribution not only to secondary, but also to primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular complications.
Socio-economic impact of heart failure in Russia
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Boytsov S. A. , Omelyanovskiy V. V. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Loukianov M. M. , Ignatieva V. I. , Derkach E. V.
Published: July 2021

Heart failure (HF) significantly worsens the patient quality of life and leads to the disability of their significant part, as well as increases the risk of death, which in turn causes economic damage.

Aim. To assess the annual socio-economic impact of HF in Russia.

Material and methods. To assess the socio-economic impact of HF, a model was developed, which assessed the number of HF patients seeking medical care (data from the epidemiological studies), the number of those with disabilities and the mortality rate among them. We also evaluated the costs of drug therapy (data from the government procurement reports) and hospitalization (data from the compulsory health insurance tariffs), social benefits due to disability, and death impact on the gross domestic product. Data on the prescription rate, hospitalizations and mortality was obtained from Russian registries of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Using the foreign study, the costs of family caregiving were also calculated.

Results. According to modeling data, there are 7,1 million people with HF seeking medical care in Russia. In this case, the annual economic impact of HF in the context of government spending, is RUB 81,86 billion, including medical costs of RUB 18,6 billion, direct nonmedical costs of RUB 47,1 billion, and indirect costs of RUB 16,2 billion. The impact of family caregiving is RUB 72,4 billion. In the structure of medical expenses, 73,6% is hospitalization costs, while the main costs of drug therapy are borne by patients, since only a part of them (19,6%) receive the necessary medications within assistance programs. In patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction, medical costs are 56% higher than in patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction.

Conclusion. HF causes significant economic burden to the state. Improving the healthcare system for this category of patients, including preferential drug provision, will reduce HF-related mortality, the healthcare system costs and, accordingly, reduce the economic impact on the state and society.
Personalized trimetazidine prescription as a cytoprotective agent in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Romashchenko O. V.
Published: July 2021

Aim. To develop a personalized approach to the trimetazidine use in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) based on the criteria for predicting the cytoprotective activity tested in vitro.

Material and methods. We examined 30 patients with class I-III stable effort angina with concomitant hypertension and heart failure. The patients underwent echocardiography, complete blood count, biochemical tests with determination of the lipid profile, creatine phosphokinase (CPK), CPK-MB, renal and hepatic parameters. To determine the cytoprotective activity of trimetazidine, white blood cells (WBCs) of patients were examined in vitro using an Eclipse Ti-U inverted fluorescence microscope (Nikon, Japan). Living and dead cells were determined by staining WBCs with fluorescent dyes (Calcein AM, Ethidium bromide). Cell viability index (CVI) was calculated. The statistical processing was carried out. The criteria for predicting the trimetazidine cytoprotective effect were determined using Wald statistics.

Results. When trimetazidine was injected into a WBC suspension sample, two types of cell viability changes were observed: in 60% of patients, CVI increased, on average, by 37% (from 23% to 60%, p<0,001) and in 40% of patients, CVI decreased, on average, by 30% (from 54% to 24%, p<0,05).

A number of conditions of the patient initial status were identified for the manifestation of trimetazidine cytoprotective activity: grade 1 hypertension; right ventricular end diastolic dimension up to 30 mm according to echocardiography; normal lipid profile with a total cholesterol <5,3 mmol/L, very-low-density lipoproteins <1 mmol/L and an atherogenic coefficient up to 3 CU, myocyte and cardiomyocyte destruction (total CPK >100 U/L and CPK-MB >15 U/L), normal liver function (alanine aminotransferase <25 U/L), renal dysfunction (total protein <75 g/L, urea >8 mmol/L and blood creatinine >100 pmol/L), normal thrombopoiesis (immature platelet fraction <5%) and the state of functional adaptive system resistance (blood lymphocytes <30% and neutrophils >4x109/L).

Conclusion. According to this in vitro analysis, the trimetazidine significantly increases (by an average of 37%) the cell (WBC) viability in 60% of patients with CAD. There are conditions of patient initial status, which specifies an individual pharmacodynamic target for the cytoprotective action of the drug.
Implemented models and perspectives of managing lipid metabolism disorders. Concept of rare lipid disease centers
Authors: Alieva A. S. , Reutova O. V. , Pavlyuk E. I. , Duplyakov D. V. , Khripun A. V. , Efimova I. P. , Guryanova Yu. A. , Timoshchenko E. S. , Nekrasov A. A. , Namitokov A. M. , Zafiraki V. K. , Kosmacheva E. D. , Korneva V. A. , Vezikova N. N. , Skopets I. S. , Zvartau N. E. , Shlyakhto E. V.
Published: July 2021

Despite the advances in lipidology over the past decade, the control of dyslipidemia at the population level in Russia, as in a number of European countries, remains unsatisfactory. The need for novel organizational approaches to solving the problem at the regional and federal levels is obvious. This publication provides an overview of the implemented projects and the successful practical experience of lipid centers in Russia, as well as the prospects for the development of novel models that will optimize the care provision for patients with lipid metabolism disorders at the population level.
Relationship between vascular age and atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Najafov R. N.
Published: July 2021

Aim. To determine the relationship between vascular age (VA) and atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular diseases in patients with hypertension and hyperlipidemia.

Material and methods. The study involved 241 residents of Baku. The mean age was 58,7±10,9 years. There were 119 women (49,4%) and 122 (50,6%) men. The mean body mass index was 27,77±4,19 kg/m2. Data on family history, smoking, obesity, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, revascularization, peripheral arterial disease, angina pectoris, drug intake, lipid profile, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were analyzed. Patient VA was estimated using an online calculator.

Results. The patient VA was on average 78,0±15,1 years. Pearson's correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between biological age (BA) and estimated VA (0,719; 95% confidence interval: 0,651-0,775; p<0,001). Pearson's chi-squared test with Monte Carlo simulation showed that within 10-month followup, myocardial infarction (MI) in presented sample was more common in age subgroups of 50-59 (10,0%) and 60-69 (8,3%) years. At the same time, in the group defined by VA, myocardial infarction was more common in the age subgroup of 70-79 (7,0%) and >80 years (13,3%). MI+stroke+revascularization in the group defined by BA was more common in age subgroups of 50-59 (12,0%) and 60-69 (14,5%) years, and in the group defined by VA, MI+stroke+revascularization was more common in age subgroups of 70-79 (11,6%) and >80 years (19,9%).

Conclusion. A significant positive correlation was found between BA and VA. In case of VA >70 years, the incidence of MI+stroke+revascularization increases approximately 3-5 times. Thus, the assessment of VA is an effective clinical tool that allows to inform the patient about possible cardiovascular events and to develop preventive measures.
Biochemical markers of coronary atherosclerosis: building models and assessing their prognostic value regarding the lesion severity
Authors: Zhatkina M. V. , Metelskaya V. A. , Gavrilova N. E. , Yarovaya E. B. , Makarova Yu. K. , Litinskaya O. A. , Bogdanova N. L. , Rudenko B. A. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: July 2021

Aim. To assess the individual and complex prognostic value of various blood biochemical parameters (biomarkers) in the non-invasive diagnosis of coronary artery (CA) atherosclerosis.

Material and methods. The study included 216 patients (men, 115; women, 101) aged 24 to 87 years (mean age, 61,5±10,7 years), who underwent indicated coronary angiography. All patients underwent a biochemical blood tests to determine the parameters of lipid, carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism, the hemostatic system, inflammatory markers, as well as the creatinine level as an indicator of renal function.

Results. Analysis revealed biomarkers, the deviations in the level of which contribute to the diagnosis and determination of the coronary involvement. These biomarkers include glucose, creatinine, C-reactive protein, and adiponectin. Using these biochemical parameters, a multivariate model (MVM) was constructed, which was significant for the diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis and determination of its severity. With the help of ROC-analysis, the cutoff point of MVM of 2 was found. MVM >2 with a sensitivity of 72% indicate CA atherosclerosis of any severity, as well as with a specificity of 62,5%, it can be ruled out. Using MVM data and a cutoff point of 2, a binary logistic regression model was built, according to which, with a MVM >2, the odds for detecting CA atherosclerosis of any degree is 2,1 times higher (95% confidence interval (CI), 1,2-3,8; p=0,010), severe CA — 4,7 times (95% CI, 1,9-12,0; p=0,001) compared with individuals with MVM ≤2, who have 2,8 times (95% CI, 1,4-4,9; p=0,002) a higher chance of detecting intact CAs.

Conclusion. Thus, the total MVM score of 0-2 indicates the absence of coronary atherosclerosis, while 3-4 points -CA atherosclerosis of any severity.
Study of electrical properties of a few layers of graphene sheets under Ultraviolet and Visible light irradation
Authors: Alam Injamul , Sa Kadambinee , Das Sonali , Subramanyam BVRS , Mandal Manoranjan , Subudhi Subhasri , Patra Santosini , Mahanandia Pitamber
Published: July 2021

Graphene is an excellent 2D material due to its exceptional electrical properties which can be potentially used in optoelectronic. In order to use graphene in optoelectronics, the electrical properties need to be tuned. To tune electrical properties, few-layer graphene sheets (FLGS)
prepared by electrochemical method have been used. The prepared FLGS has been characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR),
and Raman Spectroscopy. The optimized FLGS by characterization has been employed to tune the electrical properties in the presence and absence of water drop under ultraviolet and visible light. The obtained current of FLGS thin film is ~ 0.8mA whereas; the measured current under ultraviolet
light is ~ 1.7mA and under visible light ~ 1.07mA. However, it has been observed that the measured current has decreased to under ultraviolet ~ 0.645mA and visible light ~ 0.96mA in the presence of water drop in FLGS film. Therefore, the findings suggest that the electrical properties of FLGS
can be tuned for various applications in optoelectronic devices.
Quantum Computing and Post Quantum Cryptography
Authors: Kumar Manish
Published: July 2021

The present knowledge we had in quantum computer and the most possible architecture of a quantum computer might be able to break RSA 2048 in future. In classical computer two bits represents any one of four bit information whereas in quantum due to superposition it can be represent
all four states. For ‘n’ qubits system is analogous to 2n classical bits. Quantum teleportation, quantum entanglement and other makes it possible to break present cryptosystem. Shor’s Algorithm is used for integer factorization which is polynomial time for quantum computer.
This can be threat for RSA security. In this paper matlab implementation of Shor’s algorithm is presented. Used classical way for getting period of function because classical computers not engage quantum phenomena. As numbers of iterations grow, probability of getting exact factor of
‘n’ acutely increased. This paper also discusses popular methods for making qubits like Silicon based Qubits in which electron is put inside nano material which is used as a transistor. In Superconducting circuit method insulator is used as a sandwich in between two metal layers.
Used by Google, IBM, Intel, Microsoft. In Flux qubits method very small size loop of superconducting metal is used. This paper also discusses Quantum Proof Algorithm like Lattice-based cryptography used concept of good and bad base. In Learning with errors method if we have more equation then
variable, it is over defined system. In Code based cryptography some matrixes allow for efficient error correction (good matrix) but most matrix’s does not (bad matrix) concept is used. In Hash based signatures scheme have long signatures or keys, but they are secure. Also discuss Multivariate
Quantum proof algorithm. The abstract should contain maximum of 300 words. No abbreviation should be mentioned in the abstract. Give a brief summary of your research work.
Design and performance analysis of Multi-linear Horn for Ultrasonic machining application using FEM approach
Authors: Gunaji Dhonde Krishnakumar , Periyannan Suresh
Published: July 2021

This work reports an ultrasonic horn design and development for improving the performance of ultrasonic machining process in terms of better material removal rate for the same input conditions. The suitable operating frequency range (20 kHz-25 kHz) of the horn is analyzed with the help
of finite element approach using the Ansys and for modelling Creo software is used. Typically, the machining tool vibrates around 10-20 μm, but for effective machining requires the more magnitude or intensity (80-200 μm) of vibration within this frequency range. Performance of ultrasonic
horn mainly depends on the geometrical aspects and type of material used. In this work, we focus on the ultrasonic horn with an innovative design compared to earlier reported works to obtain the maximum magnification factor within permissible stress limits. The standard criteria “stresses
below the permissible limit and mode shapes at different resonance frequencies (modal analysis)” are considered while designing the horn for avoiding the tool and horn failures during machining. The optimum numbers of elements are identified to mitigate computational time based on the
optimum mesh criteria. In this study, we have analysed the equivalent stresses, magnification factor (ratio of output to input amplitude) of the horn by harmonic response analysis, which can be used to arrive at the effective machining processes. Finally, the magnification factor is increased
within the safe stress limit using our innovative horn design. Newly, designed horn’s performance is compared and validated with the earlier reported literature at a similar input parameters or loading conditions.
Energy Eigenvalues of Quantum Anharmonic Oscillators: Exact Expression for the Pure λx2m Oscillators and a Simple Expression for x2 + λx2m Oscillators
Authors: Das Chandra , Roy Dhiranjan
Published: July 2021

We propose an exact expression for the energy eigenvalues of the pure λx2m quantum anharmonic oscillators. The only information needed for the purpose is K0(m,n), which is the first term of strong-coupling
expansion for oscillator with potential λx2m for the nth excited state. We then propose simple expression for the eigenvalues of the x2 + λx2m oscillators which reproduce both the ground
state and excited states energies of these oscillators with a fairly good accuracy. The present formula is found to better reproduce the energy eigenvalues than those calculated by earlier authors.
Image processing algorithms for biospeckle analysis of almond seed
Authors: Koley Chhanda , Das Rittik , Nirala Anil Kumar
Published: July 2021

Laser biospeckle technique, as a non-invasive, non-contact and non-destructive method has gained importance in the assessment of biospeckle activity of various biological samples. This study presents the application of the laser biospeckle technique [1] to evaluate the activities of
dry and soaked almond seed. We have used conventional image processing algorithms such as inertia moment (IM), absolute value of differences (AVD), and probability mass function of regular difference, temporal speckle contrast and fujii for this analysis. All analyses indicate an increase
of biospeckle activity of the soaked almond (402.85 using IM) in comparisons to the dry stage (44.32 using IM) which can be attributed to the initiation of germination. Spectral activity maps obtained using fujii represents the change of surface of the almond seed after soaking water.
Myasthenia gravis during pregnancy: what care should be taken?
Authors: Ducci Renata Dal-Prá , Kay Cláudia Suemi Kamoi , Fustes Otto Jesus Hernandez , Werneck Lineu Cesar , Lorenzoni Paulo José , Scola Rosana Herminia
Published: July 2021

Abstract Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease in which the peak incidence is among women of childbearing age. For this reason, there is an overlap between the occurrence of this disease and pregnancy. It is known that MG symptoms can worsen during pregnancy and postpartum, and that pregnancy has special characteristics in MG patients. Children born to myasthenic mothers are at risk of having transient neonatal myasthenia. We briefly review the main relationships between MG and pregnancy, and we make recommendations for MG therapy, pregnancy, delivery, breastfeeding and newborns.
Clinical validation of nursing diagnosis Fragile Elderly Syndrome
Authors: Oliveira Fabiana Maria Rodrigues Lopes de , Leal Natalia Pessoa da Rocha , Medeiros Fabíola de Araújo Leite , Oliveira Jacira dos Santos , Nóbrega Maria Miriam Lima da , Leadebal Oriana Deyze Correia Paiva , Fernandes Maria das Graças Melo
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to clinically validate the nursing diagnosis of NANDA-I Frail Elderly Syndrome in hospitalized elderly. Method: a methodological study, guided by the STROBE instrument, composed of 40 elderly people admitted to a teaching hospital in Paraíba, Brazil. The last phase of Hoskins’ Nursing Diagnostic Validation Model: clinical validation was adopted. Data collection took place from August to December 2018. The data were analyzed using univariate descriptive statistics. It was approved by the hospital’s ethics and research committee. Results: nine defining characteristics were validated; seven risk factors; six populations at risk and two associated conditions. Conclusion: the validation of the nursing diagnosis of the Frail Elderly Syndrome in our socio-cultural context was considered appropriate, being an important step for critical thinking that underlies the decision-making of nurses in the care of the frail elderly, as well as professional practice.
The care offered by nurses to elders with coronary artery disease from the perspective of Transitions Theory
Authors: Silva Cláudia Fernanda Trindade , Pedreira Larissa Chaves , Amaral Juliana Bezerra do , Mussi Fernanda Carneiro , Martorell-Poveda Maria Antonia , Souza Monaliza Lemos de
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the planning and implementation of the care offered by nurses to elders with coronary disease during the hospital-house transition. Methods: Qualitative research that used the Transitions Theory as a theoretical reference. The participants were 12 nurses who work in a hospital that specializes in cardiology, in the city of Salvador-BA. A semistructured interview was carried out from January to February 2018, and the data was analyzed using the Content Analysis technique. Results: Transition care takes place on the day of discharge. The presence of the family was found to be a facilitator; low adherence, poor financial situations, the low educational levels inhibited its implementation. The rehospitalization is an indicator of the results of the transition of care. Final considerations: The planning and implementation of transition care is not effective. It must provide safety in the management of self-care in the home of elders with coronary disease and their families.
Sleep quality and its association with menopausal and climacteric symptoms
Authors: Santos Mariana Alvina dos , Vilerá Aline Nascimento , Wysocki Anneliese Domingues , Pereira Flávia Helena , Oliveira Deíse Moura de , Santos Vinícius Batista
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess sleep quality in menopausal women and its association with symptoms related to this period. Method: this is a cross-sectional, analytical and correlational study. Sleep was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; and climacteric symptoms, according to the Menopause Rating Scale. To compare the total score and each Menopause Rating Scale domain with the PSQI classification, the Mann-Whitney U non-parametric test was used. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: 261 women (67.8%) were classified as bad sleepers. There was a positive and significant correlation between the sleep scale scores and the total menopause score and its domains. Women categorized as poor sleepers had worse scores on the menopause symptom scale. Conclusion: women with worse sleep quality revealed greater severity of symptoms related to menopause.
A economia política do Fundo de Amparo ao Trabalhador (FAT): uma análise de seu desempenho recente (2005-2018)
Authors: SILVA SANDRO PEREIRA
Published: July 2021

RESUMO Este estudo analisou os fatores políticos e econômicos que condicionaram a evolução recente do sistema público de emprego no Brasil, tendo como foco os mecanismos operacionais do Fundo de Amparo ao Trabalhador (FAT). Com base em informações contábeis dos exercícios anuais, constatou-se que tal arranjo de financiamento vem demonstrando sinais de fragilidade, com diminuição da capacidade de custear o conjunto de suas despesas correntes. Contudo, os desequilíbrios são explicados em grande parte por decisões de política econômica que provocaram vazamentos expressivos em suas receitas nos últimos anos, sobretudo via desvinculações orçamentárias e desonerações tributárias.
Legalization of drugs and strategic behaviour
Authors: ALBUQUERQUEMELLO VINÍCIUS PHILLIPE DE , RAMOS FRANCISCO S.
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT The growing number of users, about 250 million, in 2016, and the sheer number of health problems, that cause 190,000 deaths per year, are just some of the data that has rekindled the debate and discussion into the efficiency of the prohibitionist drug policies concerning drug consumption throughout the world. As a result, there has been the establishment of a special branch of literature focused on the investigation into this theme. In this regard, the present article conducts an economic analysis of scenarios where there is no decriminalization of drugs and other areas where legalization has been partial (marijuana) or complete, based on Game Theory. Thus, different from other studies, this paper establishes conditions of compatibility of incentives so that the economy could become formal, after decriminalization, to avoid contraband under a legal guise. This paper also manages to show which situation (Nash equilibrium) provides the greatest well-being for society.
Reason, scientism, and methodology: Hayek’s adherence to complexity through the development of his methodological criticism in the Abuse of Reason Project
Authors: COSTA KEANU TELLES DA , ANGELI EDUARDO
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT This article presents a narrative on the emergence of the concept of complexity in Friedrich A. Hayek’s work. We show that complexity emerges from Hayek’s methodological concerns and, specifically, from his texts that compose the first two parts of the Abuse of Reason Project. Namely, a) ‘Individualism: True and False’, from 1946; b) ‘Scientism and the Study of Society’, published between 1942 and 1944; and c) ‘The Counter Revolution of Science’, from 1941. In this paper, we aim to expose that the concept of complexity emerges gradually and organically and is integrated with the Hayekian research program from the 1940s.