bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Solar Memory from Hours to Decades
Authors: Aschwanden Markus J. , Johnson Jay R.
Published: November 2021

Waiting-time distributions allow us to distinguish at least three different types of dynamical systems, including (i) linear random processes (with no memory); (ii) nonlinear, avalanche-type, nonstationary Poisson processes (with memory during the exponential growth of the avalanche rise time); and (iii) chaotic systems in the state of a nonlinear limit cycle (with memory during the oscillatory phase). We describe the temporal evolution of the flare rate λ(t) ∝ t

p
with a polynomial function, which allows us to distinguish linear (p ≈ 1) from nonlinear (p ≳ 2) events. The power-law slopes α of the observed waiting times (with full solar cycle coverage) cover a range of α = 2.1–2.4, which agrees well with our prediction of α = 2.0 + 1/p = 2.3–2.6. The memory time can also be defined with the time evolution of the logistic equation, for which we find a relationship between the nonlinear growth time τ

G
= τ
rise/(4p) and the nonlinearity index p. We find a nonlinear evolution for most events, in particular for the clustering of solar flares (p = 2.2 ± 0.1), partially occulted flare events (p = 1.8 ± 0.2), and the solar dynamo (p = 2.8 ± 0.5). The Sun exhibits memory on timescales of ≲2 hr to 3 days (for solar flare clustering), 6–23 days (for partially occulted flare events), and 1.5 month to 1 yr (for the rise time of the solar dynamo).
Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). III. Characteristics of Radial Chemical Substructures
Authors: Law Charles J. , Loomis Ryan A. , Teague Richard , Öberg Karin I. , Czekala Ian , Andrews Sean M. , Huang Jane , Aikawa Yuri , Alarcón Felipe , Bae Jaehan , Bergin Edwin A. , Bergner Jennifer B. , Boehler Yann , Booth Alice S. , Bosman Arthur D. , Calahan Jenny K. , Cataldi Gianni , Cleeves L. Ilsedore , Furuya Kenji , Guzmán Viviana V. , Ilee John D. , Le Gal Romane , Liu Yao , Long Feng , Ménard François , Nomura Hideko , Qi Chunhua , Schwarz Kamber R. , Sierra Anibal , Tsukagoshi Takashi , Yamato Yoshihide , van ’t Hoff Merel L. R. , Walsh Catherine , Wilner David J. , Zhang Ke
Published: November 2021

The Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS) Large Program provides a detailed, high-resolution (∼10–20 au) view of molecular line emission in five protoplanetary disks at spatial scales relevant for planet formation. Here we present a systematic analysis of chemical substructures in 18 molecular lines toward the MAPS sources: IM Lup, GM Aur, AS 209, HD 163296, and MWC 480. We identify more than 200 chemical substructures, which are found at nearly all radii where line emission is detected. A wide diversity of radial morphologies—including rings, gaps, and plateaus—is observed both within each disk and across the MAPS sample. This diversity in line emission profiles is also present in the innermost 50 au. Overall, this suggests that planets form in varied chemical environments both across disks and at different radii within the same disk. Interior to 150 au, the majority of chemical substructures across the MAPS disks are spatially coincident with substructures in the millimeter continuum, indicative of physical and chemical links between the disk midplane and warm, elevated molecular emission layers. Some chemical substructures in the inner disk and most chemical substructures exterior to 150 au cannot be directly linked to dust substructure, however, which indicates that there are also other causes of chemical substructures, such as snowlines, gradients in UV photon fluxes, ionization, and radially varying elemental ratios. This implies that chemical substructures could be developed into powerful probes of different disk characteristics, in addition to influencing the environments within which planets assemble. This paper is part of the MAPS special issue of the Astrophysical Journal Supplement.
Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). XIX. Spiral Arms, a Tail, and Diffuse Structures Traced by CO around the GM Aur Disk
Authors: Huang Jane , Bergin Edwin A. , Öberg Karin I. , Andrews Sean M. , Teague Richard , Law Charles J. , Kalas Paul , Aikawa Yuri , Bae Jaehan , Bergner Jennifer B. , Booth Alice S. , Bosman Arthur D. , Calahan Jenny K. , Cataldi Gianni , Cleeves L. Ilsedore , Czekala Ian , Ilee John D. , Le Gal Romane , Guzmán Viviana V. , Long Feng , Loomis Ryan A. , Ménard François , Nomura Hideko , Qi Chunhua , Schwarz Kamber R. , Tsukagoshi Takashi , van ’t Hoff Merel L. R. , Walsh Catherine , Wilner David J. , Yamato Yoshihide , Zhang Ke
Published: November 2021

The concentric gaps and rings commonly observed in protoplanetary disks in millimeter continuum emission have lent the impression that planet formation generally proceeds within orderly, isolated systems. While deep observations of spatially resolved molecular emission have been comparatively limited, they are increasingly suggesting that some disks interact with their surroundings while planet formation is underway. We present an analysis of complex features identified around GM Aur in 12CO J = 2 − 1 images at a spatial resolution of ∼40 au. In addition to a Keplerian disk extending to a radius of ∼550 au, the CO emission traces flocculent spiral arms out to radii of ∼1200 au, a tail extending ∼1800 au southwest of GM Aur, and diffuse structures extending from the north side of the disk up to radii of ∼1900 au. The diffuse structures coincide with a “dust ribbon” previously identified in scattered light. The large-scale asymmetric gas features present a striking contrast with the mostly axisymmetric, multi-ringed millimeter continuum tracing the pebble disk. We hypothesize that GM Aur’s complex gas structures result from late infall of remnant envelope or cloud material onto the disk. The morphological similarities to the SU Aur and AB Aur systems, which are also located in the L1517 cloud, provide additional support to a scenario in which interactions with the environment are playing a role in regulating the distribution and transport of material in all three of these Class II disk systems. This paper is part of the MAPS special issue of the Astrophysical Journal Supplement.
Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). IX. Distribution and Properties of the Large Organic Molecules HC3N, CH3CN, and c-C3H2
Authors: Ilee John D. , Walsh Catherine , Booth Alice S. , Aikawa Yuri , Andrews Sean M. , Bae Jaehan , Bergin Edwin A. , Bergner Jennifer B. , Bosman Arthur D. , Cataldi Gianni , Cleeves L. Ilsedore , Czekala Ian , Guzmán Viviana V. , Huang Jane , Law Charles J. , Le Gal Romane , Loomis Ryan A. , Ménard François , Nomura Hideko , Öberg Karin I. , Qi Chunhua , Schwarz Kamber R. , Teague Richard , Tsukagoshi Takashi , Wilner David J. , Yamato Yoshihide , Zhang Ke
Published: November 2021

The precursors to larger, biologically relevant molecules are detected throughout interstellar space, but determining the presence and properties of these molecules during planet formation requires observations of protoplanetary disks at high angular resolution and sensitivity. Here, we present 0.″3 observations of HC3N, CH3CN, and c-C3H2 in five protoplanetary disks observed as part of the Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS) Large Program. We robustly detect all molecules in four of the disks (GM Aur, AS 209, HD 163296, and MWC 480) with tentative detections of c-C3H2 and CH3CN in IM Lup. We observe a range of morphologies—central peaks, single or double rings—with no clear correlation in morphology between molecule or disk. Emission is generally compact and on scales comparable with the millimeter dust continuum. We perform both disk-integrated and radially resolved rotational diagram analysis to derive column densities and rotational temperatures. The latter reveals 5–10 times more column density in the inner 50–100 au of the disks when compared with the disk-integrated analysis. We demonstrate that CH3CN originates from lower relative heights in the disks when compared with HC3N, in some cases directly tracing the disk midplane. Finally, we find good agreement between the ratio of small to large nitriles in the outer disks and comets. Our results indicate that the protoplanetary disks studied here are host to significant reservoirs of large organic molecules, and that this planet- and comet-building material can be chemically similar to that in our own solar system. This paper is part of the MAPS special issue of the Astrophysical Journal Supplement.
Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). XII. Inferring the C/O and S/H Ratios in Protoplanetary Disks with Sulfur Molecules
Authors: Le Gal Romane , Öberg Karin I. , Teague Richard , Loomis Ryan A. , Law Charles J. , Walsh Catherine , Bergin Edwin A. , Ménard François , Wilner David J. , Andrews Sean M. , Aikawa Yuri , Booth Alice S. , Cataldi Gianni , Bergner Jennifer B. , Bosman Arthur D. , Cleeves L. Ilse , Czekala Ian , Furuya Kenji , Guzmán Viviana V. , Huang Jane , Ilee John D. , Nomura Hideko , Qi Chunhua , Schwarz Kamber R. , Tsukagoshi Takashi , Yamato Yoshihide , Zhang Ke
Published: November 2021

Sulfur-bearing molecules play an important role in prebiotic chemistry and planet habitability. They are also proposed probes of chemical ages, elemental C/O ratio, and grain chemistry processing. Commonly detected in diverse astrophysical objects, including the solar system, their distribution and chemistry remain, however, largely unknown in planet-forming disks. We present CS (2 − 1) observations at ∼0.″3 resolution performed within the ALMA MAPS Large Program toward the five disks around IM Lup, GM Aur, AS 209, HD 163296, and MWC 480. CS is detected in all five disks, displaying a variety of radial intensity profiles and spatial distributions across the sample, including intriguing apparent azimuthal asymmetries. Transitions of C2S and SO were also serendipitously covered, but only upper limits are found. For MWC 480, we present complementary ALMA observations at ∼ 0.″5 of CS, 13CS, C34S, H2CS, OCS, and SO2. We find a column density ratio N(H2CS)/N(CS) ∼ 2/3, suggesting that a substantial part of the sulfur reservoir in disks is in organic form (i.e., C
x
H
y
S
z
). Using astrochemical disk modeling tuned to MWC 480, we demonstrate that N(CS)/N(SO) is a promising probe for the elemental C/O ratio. The comparison with the observations provides a supersolar C/O. We also find a depleted gas-phase S/H ratio, suggesting either that part of the sulfur reservoir is locked in solid phase or that it remains in an unidentified gas-phase reservoir. This paper is part of the MAPS special issue of the Astrophysical Journal Supplement.
Trois modèles de revenu de base
Authors: Vandamme Pierre-Étienne
Published: November 2021

Parler du revenu de base (revenu universel, allocation universelle) au singulier n’a pas beaucoup de sens. Évaluer une telle proposition dans l’abstraction, sans préciser de quel modèle de revenu de base on parle, encore moins. Il s’agit en effet d’un instrument pouvant être mis au service d’une multitude de causes et aux effets très variés selon le projet politique présidant à son implémentation. Cet article propose pour cette raison de distinguer trois idéaux-types de revenu de base : néolibéral, social-démocrate et de transition écologique et sociale. Ces idéaux-types se distinguent par leurs caractéristiques internes (montant ; financement ; articulation avec les aides sociales existantes) et par les projets politiques qui les guident. La question de la radicalité du revenu de base dépend donc du modèle envisagé. Le modèle « néolibéral » est radical dans la simplification de l’État providence qu’il propose, tandis que le modèle « de transition » l’est dans ses visées de transformation des relations sociales et des dynamiques économiques. Le modèle « social-démocrate », quant à lui, n’entend pas révolutionner la protection sociale, mais constituer une réforme qui, tout en étant plus réaliste à court-terme, est susceptible d’initier une transformation plus graduelle des États sociaux dans le sens d’un renforcement de la protection sociale.
Redéfinir « populisme »
Authors: Bras Gérard
Published: November 2021

L’article est un compte-rendu critique du livre de Federico Tarragoni, L’esprit démocratique du populisme (La Découverte, 2020). Le titre énonce l’inspiration wébérienne de l’auteur. Il refuse de ramener le populisme à ce que les sciences politiques nomment tel, présenté comme une pathologie de la démocratie, un mixte de démagogie post-idéologique, sous-tendu par un désir d’autorité du peuple. À partir des expériences revendiquées du populisme dans l’histoire (Russie, États-Unis, Amérique latine), l’auteur forge un idealtype du populisme. Il en ressort que le populisme procède de moments de crise de la démocratie où les institutions représentatives sont critiquées au nom de la radicalité démocratique, opposant « peuple » et « élites » en un minimalisme idéologique, caractéristique des soulèvements destituants, interclassistes. La présence d’un leader charismatique n’est pas nécessaire : elle intervient dans le deuxième moment d’un processus populiste, celui de la prise du pouvoir. Ce moment institutionnel met souvent à mal, comme ce fut le cas en Amérique latine, les principes démocratiques initiaux du populisme, faisant du « populisme par en haut » un mode autoritaire de gouvernement. La rigueur conceptuelle de ce travail invite à voir dans le populisme une critique démocratique et plébéienne de la modernité politique, différente de la critique socialiste ou communiste. Le moment contemporain de recomposition idéologique peut être celui d’un nouveau populisme selon l’auteur.
Régulation des plateformes numériques : le moment européen
Authors: Navaro Auburtin Quentin , Weill Mathieu
Published: November 2021

Le 15 décembre 2020, la Commission européenne a publié deux projets de règlements, le Digital Markets Act (DMA) et le Digital Services Act (DSA). L’objectif : créer le cadre de la régulation des grandes plateformes numériques pour les dix à vingt prochaines années, tant au regard de leurs pratiques économiques devenues hégémoniques qu’au regard du traitement des contenus, traitement pour lequel elles doivent rendre des comptes au plan démocratique. Actes politiques majeurs et longtemps attendus, ces textes sont l’affirmation par l’Europe de ses valeurs et de sa volonté d’établir un modèle ambitieux et précurseur de régulation, à l’instar de ce qui avait été réalisé en matière de protection des données personnelles à travers le RGPD en 2016. Dans cette édification novatrice d’un droit européen de la régulation des plateformes, la France joue depuis plusieurs années un rôle moteur et sa présidence de l’Union européenne en 2022 sera l’occasion de concrétiser ces avancées.
Compétitivité, coût et mobilisation du travail : vingt ans de divergences entre la France et l’Allemagne
Authors: Ferrand Denis , Jessua Emmanuel
Published: November 2021

La perte de compétitivité de la France depuis le début des années 2000 constitue l’un des faits économiques majeurs de notre histoire récente. Nous montrons dans cet article qu’elle est le principal facteur explicatif de la divergence depuis vingt ans entre le niveau de PIB par habitant de la France et celui de l’Allemagne. En France, les entreprises industrielles ont vu leur compétitivité coût se dégrader au début des années 2000, alors même que leurs prix de vente demeuraient dictés par la concurrence internationale. Progressivement, de nombreuses entreprises industrielles n’ont pu survivre à la compression de leurs marges qu’elles ont enregistrée sur le territoire français. Les entreprises qui ont subsisté ont en outre été incitées à accentuer leurs gains de productivité par une substitution accrue du capital au travail, et ce au détriment des salariés les moins qualifiés. Dans cet article, nous procédons à une analyse de la perte de compétitivité des entreprises françaises à l’export et de la désindustrialisation subie par la France comparativement à ses voisins européens, ainsi que du maintien d’un chômage de masse élevé dans notre pays et de la divergence de revenu par habitant entre la France et l’Allemagne.
Les principaux enjeux du secteur de la construction
Authors: de Chalendar Pierre-André
Published: November 2021

Le secteur de la construction a trois enjeux majeurs : le premier s’inscrit dans l’objectif renforcé de réduire les émissions de gaz à effet de serre de 55 % d’ici à 2030 et celui d’atteindre la neutralité carbone d’ici à 2050. Beaucoup de pays, qui représentent 70 % du PIB mondial, se sont engagés à atteindre ce double objectif. Le deuxième enjeu réside dans l’utilisation des ressources primaires qui a triplé ces cinquante dernières années. Le bâtiment est en effet un très gros consommateur de matières premières, et le rythme d’extraction et de production nous précipite inéluctablement vers l’épuisement de ces ressources. Enfin, le troisième enjeu est d’ordre démographique : les prévisions tablent sur une augmentation de la population urbaine de deux milliards d’habitants sur les trente prochaines années. Là réside toute la problématique à laquelle le secteur de la construction se trouve confronté : comment réussir à atteindre la neutralité carbone d’ici à 2050 et à réduire son utilisation des ressources primaires, tout en répondant à la demande en logements consécutive à l’augmentation de la population mondiale ?
The amplitude system for a Simultaneous short-wave Turing and long-wave Hopf instability
Authors: Schneider Guido , Winter Matthias
Published: November 2021

We consider reaction-diffusion systems for which the trivial solution simultaneously becomes unstable via a short-wave Turing and a long-wave Hopf instability. The Brusseletor, Gierer-Meinhardt system and Schnakenberg model are prototype biological pattern forming systems which show this kind of behavior for certain parameter regimes. In this paper we prove the validity of the amplitude system associated to this kind of instability. Our analytical approach is based on the use of mode filters and normal form transformations. The amplitude system allows us an efficient numerical simulation of the original multiple scaling problems close to the instability.
Global existence and blow-up results for a nonlinear model for a dynamic suspension bridge
Authors: Tran Quang-Minh , Pham Hong-Danh
Published: November 2021

The paper deals with global existence and blow-up results for a class of fourth-order wave equations with nonlinear damping term and superlinear source term with the coefficient depends on space and time variable. In the case the weak solution is global, we give information on the decay rate of the solution. In the case the weak solution blows up in finite time, estimate the lower bound and upper bound of the lifespan of the blow-up solution, and also estimate the blow-up rate. Finally, if our problem contains an external vertical load term, a sufficient condition is also established to obtain the global existence and general decay rate of weak solutions.
Further results on stability analysis of time-varying delay systems via novel integral inequalities and improved Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals
Authors: Liu Xingyue ,   School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China, Shi Kaibo ,   Engineering Research Center of Power Quality of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China,   Institute of Electronic and Information Engineering of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China in Guangdong, 523808, China
Published: November 2021

This work develops some novel approaches to investigate the stability analysis issue of linear systems with time-varying delays. Compared with the existing results, we give three innovation points which can lead to less conservative stability results. Firstly, two novel integral inequalities are developed to deal with the single integral terms with delay-dependent matrix. Secondly, a novel Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional with time-varying delay dependent matrix, rather than constant matrix is constructed. Thirdly, two improved stability criteria are established by applying the newly developed Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional and integral inequalities. Finally, three numerical examples are presented to validate the superiority of the proposed method.
Routing in waste collection: A simulated annealing algorithm for an Argentinean case study
Authors: Rossit Diego G. ,   Department of Engineering, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Alem Av. 1253, Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina, Toncovich Adrián A. , Fermani Matías ,   INMABB UNS-CONICET, Alem Av. 1253, Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina
Published: November 2021

The management of the collection of Municipal Solid Waste is a complex task for local governments since it consumes a large portion of their budgets. Thus, the use of computer-aided tools to support decision-making can contribute to improve the efficiency of the system and reduce the associated costs, especially in developing countries, which usually suffer from a shortage of resources. In the present work, a simulated annealing algorithm is proposed to address the problem of designing the routes of waste collection vehicles. The proposed algorithm is compared to a commercial solver based on a mixed-integer programming formulation and two other metaheuristic algorithms, i.e., a state-of-the-art large neighborhood search and a genetic algorithm. The evaluation is carried out on both a well-known benchmark from the literature and real instances of the Argentinean city of BahȪa Blanca. The proposed algorithm was able to solve all the instances, having a performance similar to the large neighborhood procedure, while the genetic algorithm showed the worst results. The simulated annealing algorithm was also able to improve the solutions of the solver in many instances of the real dataset.
Payoff implications of incentive contracting
Authors: Garrett Daniel F.
Published: November 2021

In the context of a canonical agency model, we study the payoff implications of introducing optimally structured incentives. We do so from the perspective of an analyst who does not know the agent's preferences for responding to incentives, but does know that the principal knows them. We provide, in particular, tight bounds on the principal's expected benefit from optimal incentive contracting across feasible values of the agent's expected rents. We thus show how economically relevant predictions can be made robustly given ignorance of a key primitive.
Dalla parte del paziente
Authors: Raiola Tommaso
Published: November 2021

Nei trattati chirurgici ippocratici (soprattutto in Fratture /Articolazioni) l’autore raccomanda terapie che riducano al minimo il disagio e il dolore del paziente, pur mirando all’efficacia del trattamento, ed evita di mettere in mostra le loro sofferenze. Questo approccio è rimasto tipico della chirurgia ippocratica anche nei secoli successivi. Il dolore è inoltre un potente strumento diagnostico in quanto permette di stabilire se un trattamento è stato condotto in maniera appropriata o no. Nei commenti ai trattati chirurgici Galeno si fa scudo di Ippocrate per raffinare ulteriormente questo approccio alla terapia e per adeguarla alla riflessione etica contemporanea. Più Ippocrate è brachilogico, più Galeno espande i contenuti ippocratici, spesso anche aggiungendo resoconti autobiografici.
Musculoskeletal Disorders and Their Associated Risk Factors in Long-Distance Truck Drivers From Allahabad, India
Authors: Kumar Ravindra , Sinha Anish Kumar , Pandya Apurvakumar
Published: November 2021

Occupational driving has often been associated with a high prevalence of pain in the neck, shoulder, wrist/hand, back and knee. The present study was undertaken to find out the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and associated risk factors among long-distance truck drivers from Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 108 long-distance truck drivers. They were interviewed and examined as per a pre-designed, pre-tested semi-structured interview questionnaire. Results indicate that 78% of long-distance truck drivers had musculoskeletal disorder. The most common symptoms were low back pain (40%) followed by shoulder pain (26%), knee pain (24%), and neck pain (20%). Age, education, addiction, years of work experience, hours of driving were significantly associated with musculoskeletal morbidity (P<0.001). Long-distance truck drivers with continued driving exposure have a high prevalence of a musculoskeletal disorder.
Parameter Analysis of Electronic Gadgets During Homa
Authors: Rastogi Rohit , Saxena Mamta , Sagar Sheelu , Rajeshwari T. , Tandon Neeti , Rastogi Mukund , Sharma Mayank
Published: November 2021

All of us are aware that the modern mechanical and electrical systems in joint collaboration of AI, CPS and IoT have affected our life much in drastic manner, at one end, they have provided ease and comfort, at other end, the electrical and magnetic radiations emitted by them have threatened the mental and physical fitness too. Surprisingly, the Asian Agnihotra process is much effective in reducing the electrical, magnetic radiations, emitting from electronic devices. The present manuscript deals with the computational analysis of electrical, magnetic radiations and power density measurement of environmental effect and gadgets after the Homa terapy. In gap of certain time, readings were recorded and it was observed that drastic reduction occurred at the place where Yajna was performed. This gap was curtailing gradually as time increases. The phenomenon can certainly be used to address the threats of human health due to electronic gadgets in 21st century.Also it supports the concepts of Smart cities where one can easily identify the numerous effects due to Yajna process.
Large-Scale System for Social Media Data Warehousing
Authors: Ferdaous Jenhani , Gouider Mohamed Salah
Published: November 2021

Social media data become an integral part in the business data and should be integrated into the decisional process for better decision making based on information which reflects better the true situation of business in any field. However, social media data are unstructured and generated in very high frequency which exceeds the capacity of the data warehouse. In this work, we propose to extend the data warehousing process with a staging area which heart is a large scale system implementing an information extraction process using Storm and Hadoop frameworks to better manage their volume and frequency. Concerning structured information extraction, mainly events, we combine a set of techniques from NLP, linguistic rules and machine learning to succeed the task. Finally, we propose the adequate data warehouse conceptual model for events modeling and integration with enterprise data warehouse using an intermediate table called Bridge table. For application and experiments, we focus on drug abuse events extraction from Twitter data and their modeling into the Event Data Warehouse.
Distribution of α-synuclein in normal human jejunum and its relations with the chemosensory and neuroendocrine system
Authors: Casini Arianna , Mancinelli Romina , Mammola Caterina Loredana , Pannarale Luigi , Chirletti Piero , Onori Paolo , Vaccaro Rosa
Published: November 2021

Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is a presynaptic neuronal protein and its structural alterations play an important role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). It has been originally described in the brain and aggregated α-syn has also been found in the peripheral nerves including the enteric nervous system (ENS) of PD patients. ENS is a network of neurons and glia found in the gut wall which controls gastrointestinal function independently from the central nervous system. Moreover, two types of epithelial cells are crucial in the creation of an interface between the lumen and the ENS: they are the tuft cells and the enteroendocrine cells (EECs). In addition, the abundant enteric glial cells (EGCs) in the intestinal mucosa play a key role in controlling the intestinal epithelial barrier. Our aim was to localize and characterize the presence of α-syn in the normal human jejunal wall. Surgical specimens of proximal jejunum were collected from patients submitted to pancreaticoduodenectomy and intestinal sections underwent immunohistochemical procedure. Alpha-syn has been found both at the level of ENS and the epithelial cells. To characterize α-syn immunoreactive epithelial cells, we used markers such as choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), useful for the identification of tuft cells. Then we evaluated the co-presence of α-syn with serotonin (5-HT), expressed in EECs. Finally, we used the low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (p75NTR), to detect peripheral EGCs. The presence of α-syn has been demonstrated in EECs, but not in the tuft cells. Additionally, p75NTR has been highlighted in EECs of the mucosal layer and co-localized with α-syn in EECs but not with ChAT-positive cells. These findings suggest that α-syn could play a possible role in synaptic transmission of the ENS and may contribute to maintain the integrity of the epithelial barrier of the small intestine through EECs.
Malakoplakia of Endometrium with Osseous Metaplasia on Evaluation of Postmenopausal Leukorrhea
Authors: Venkatesh Yavana Suriya , Stephen S Norton , Subbaiah Murali , Badhe Bhawana A. , Dorairajan Gowri
Published: November 2021

Malakoplakia is a chronic xanthogranulomatous condition that affects the genitourinary tract reported earlier as urinary granulomas and pelvic masses. We report a different clinical manifestation of malakoplakia presenting as postmenopausal pyometra. A 64-year-old postmenopausal female presented with foul-smelling vaginal discharge with a past history of induced abortion, followed by dilatation and evacuation. On examination, abdomen was soft, vaginal examination revealed pus discharge, parous size uterus with free fornices, and pap smear ruled out malignancy. Ultrasonography revealed linear, echogenic structures in the endometrial cavity suspicious of bony spicules with fluid around. Hysteroscopy revealed congested endometrium with multiple pieces of shredded bone-like structures that were removed followed by curettage. Histopathological examination was suggestive of malakoplakia with osseous metaplasia. Retained bony spicules can cause chronic granulomatous inflammation that may become symptomatic postmenopause due to absent cyclical shedding. This is the first reported case of malakoplakia of uterus following retained bony spicules.
Role of Short-Term Estradiol Supplementation in Symptomatic Postmenopausal COVID-19 Females
Authors: Seth Shikha , Sharma Ritu , Mishra Pinky , Solanki Hariom Kumar , Singh Monika , Singh Manisha
Published: November 2021

Background:

Protective role of estrogen in COVID-19 was speculated once the epidemiological studies reported increased susceptibility of estrogen-deficient population – males and postmenopausal females to severe disease category and involvement of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors and renin–angiotensin– aldosterone system in pathophysiology.

Materials & Methods:

An open-label randomized controlled trial was planned to assess the efficacy of short-course oral estradiol in preventing the clinical progression to severe disease and reduce case-fatality rate and the hospital stay duration in estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women. The intervention group (n = 40) received 2 mg per day of estradiol valerate per orally for 7 days along with the standard care, while the control group (n = 40) received only the standard care.

Results:

A significant difference was observed in the rate of reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction negativization in the intervention versus control group at day 5 and day 7 of admission (42.5% vs. 15%, P = 0.007; 72.5% versus 50%, P = −0.026). No significant difference was noted in the duration of hospitalization (P = 0.213). A significant decrease was noted in the mean values of inflammatory biomarkers – D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase, and C-reactive protein on day 5 in the intervention group. Interleukin-6 also showed a declining trend on day 5 in the intervention group, while a rising trend was noted in the control arm. Only one case (2.5%) in the intervention group while seven in the control group (17.5%) progressed to the moderate category; however, the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.057).

Conclusion

Oral estradiol in postmenopausal females can be a novel and efficient option for managing nonsevere COVID-19 infection.
Pattern of Presentation of Pseudo Exfoliation Deposits on the Lens Capsule in a Tertiary Eye Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Ginger-Eke Helen A. , Una Alfred F. I. , Sadiq Abdullahi , Iganga Ogbonnaya N. , Hasan Zafrul , Sarker Bipul K. , Kabir Syed J. , Ogbonnaya Chimdia E. , Ezisi Chinyelu N.
Published: November 2021

Objective:

To assess the pattern of ocular presentation in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma in Ispahani Islamia Eye Institute and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Methods:

This prospective observational study was conducted over 6 months in a glaucoma department of a tertiary eye institute in Bangladesh. All patients diagnosed with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma and pseudoexfoliation syndrome were recruited for the study. Clinical and demographic variables, pattern of presentation of pseudoexfoliation glaucoma and pseudoexfoliation syndrome, location of pseudoexfoliation deposit on the lens surface, and pupillary abnormalities observed with slit lamp examination were analyzed.

Results

A total of 46 eyes of 27 patients with pseudoexfoliation deposit were studied. There were 24 (88.9%) males and the mean age of the patients was 67.0 (±10.8) years. There was peripheral ring of pseudoexfoliation deposit observed on the anterior lens capsule of 12 eyes (n = 12 eyes). However, pseudoexfoliation deposits on the pupillary ruff were the most common pattern of presentation (n = 42 eyes). Poor pupillary dilation was observed in only one eye (n = 1 eye). Open-angle glaucoma was the commonest glaucoma (96.3%) associated with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and the patients had baseline intraocular pressure on the right and left eyes of 22.7 (±12.7) mmHg and 17.5 (±8.0) mmHg, respectively. Bilateral pseudoexfoliation was the most common presentation among patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (n = 20).

Conclusion

Peripheral ring of pseudoexfoliation deposit was the classical deposit on the anterior lens capsule, whereas the central disk was absent in most cases. Poor pupillary dilation was rare.
Acute Acquired Comitant Esotropia after Amniotic Membrane Transplantation in a Case of Vernal Keratoconjuctivitis
Authors: Murthy Sowmya Raveendra , Nikhil Niveditha , Gupta Khushboo
Published: November 2021

Acute acquired comitant esotropia (AACE) is an uncommon form of strabismus in older children and adults. It is characterized by acute onset concomitant esotropia and diplopia. It can occur as a result of monocular occlusion, vision loss, physical stress, or high myopia. We describe a child with chronic vernal keratoconjunctivitis with nonhealing shield ulcer who presented with AACE due to disruption of fusion following amniotic membrane transplantation. To the best of our knowledge, AACE following amniotic membrane transplantation has not been reported till date.
The multiphase Muskat problem with equal viscosities in two dimensions
Authors: Bierler Jonas , Matioc Bogdan-Vasile
Published: November 2021

We study the two-dimensional multiphase Muskat problem describing the motion of three immiscible fluids with equal viscosities in a vertical homogeneous porous medium identified with

\mathbb{R}^2

under the effect of gravity. We first formulate the governing equations as a strongly coupled evolution problem for the functions that parameterize the sharp interfaces between the fluids. Afterwards we prove that the problem is of parabolic type and establish its well-posedness together with two parabolic smoothing properties. For solutions that are not global we exclude, in a certain regime, that the interfaces come into contact along a curve segment.
Optical Digital Theremin with Audio Synthesis and Graphic Interface
Authors: Ramos dos Santos Marcos , Coca Salazar Andres Eduardo
Published: November 2021

he theremin is one of the first elec- tronic musical instruments and one of the few played without physical contact since it only re- quires hand and finger movements to control the amplitude and frequency of the musical note. However, the capacitive functioning of the anten- nas increases the sensitivity to electrical interfer- ence, its timbre is fixed, and the frequency an- tenna's vertical arrangement could limit the use of people with amputated fingers. Furthermore, it does not contain any help to guide the execu- tion, which makes it a very difficult instrument to play. In this paper, we present the development of a digital optical theremin with an audio syn- thesis process, intuitive graphical interface, frequency antenna in the horizontal position, and linearization of the frequency-distance relationship. These features are intended to aid learn- ing and interpretation of the instrument and ex- tend access to people with finger limitations. In order to validate the instrument's behavior and characteristics, we conducted three experiments: 1) accuracy analysis of the linearization through the mean absolute error in units of cents and the Kruskal-Wallis statistical inference test, 2) val- idation of the steps of the audio synthesis mod- ule, and 3) checking of the timbral diversity, both through the Fourier spectrum. This prototype could be used as an auxiliary tool in musical initi- ation and the development of musical perception.
An Enhanced Technique to discover web data extraction and Data mining in Multi Cloud Server
Authors: S.Suryanarayana Raju and Ajay Dilip Kumar Marapatla Dadi Madhu SivaRama Krishna,
Published: November 2021

Data mining is a critical stage in the Knowledge Discovery process acquire from databases (KDD), thus a new approach that’s can
joint with online data process of extraction, which serves as data gathering from the global network ( web), and data mining
techniques is required.The primary contribution of this study is the proposal of a system for collecting categorical online data on
several cloud servers while ensuring data security and integrity for consumers. The algorithms' effectiveness employed inside our
technique is illustrated using clustered sections of the data that should be encrypted inside the cloud server combining the three
clustering measurements precision, recall, and accuracy. We proposed KeyGen algorithm to maintain data security by using
cryptographic concepts with respective ABE (attribute-based encryption) and cypher text policy (cypher text policy) are two types
of attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE).
Multicriteria ranking of the Spanish digital press
Authors: Guijarro Francisco
Published: November 2021

The growing importance of the digital press and the decline of the traditional one makes the companies in this sector undertaking new management strategies to gain notoriety in the internet. A simple way to contrast the validity of the strategies is through a ranking which allows to compare the relative position of the companies within the industry from a global perspective. This work introduces a multicriteria ranking methodology to quantify the influence of the Spanish digital newspapers using a number of criteria, weighting them objectively. Furthermore, new research lines are commented regarding new criteria that could be used to calculate the ranking.
Rеkоnfigurаciја distributivnе mrеžе primеnоm mеtоdе pоmеrајućеg rеgistrа оtvоrеnih prеkidаčа
Authors:   University of Belgrade, School of Electrical Engineering, Šоšić Dаrkо , Rајić Тоmislаv , Stојаnоvić Branko
Published: November 2021

Reconfiguration of the distribution network is a process of changing the status of individual switch equipment in order to achieve better operating conditions of the distribution network. Performance improvement may relate to a shorter or longer period of time. One of the most common goals in the problem of changing the configuration of the distribution network is to reduce the losses of active power. In this paper, the problem of reconfiguration of the distribution network will be solved by applying the method of moving register of open switches. The main idea of the method is to gradually close normally open branches, whereby it is necessary to open one normally closed branch from the formed loop in order to maintain the radial structure of the network. Due to the wear of the switchgear and its limited-service life, it is not desirable to change the network configuration for each time. This paper will consider achieving the most economical distribution network configuration on a monthly basis.
Modeliranje i izrada Pelton turbine sa dva mlaznika za potrebe novoformirane laboratorijske instalacije
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Knežević Predrag , Božić Ivan , Ristić Bogdan
Published: November 2021

After surveying the existing teaching and research installations with Pelton turbines worldwide, it was concluded that there are no appropriate laboratory installations with a two- nozzle-Pelton turbine. Therefore, the design, techno-economic analysis and construction of one such laboratory installation have been conducted, where all the necessary energy characteristics of Pelton turbines will be tested. This adaptable installation can be used for various researches in order to determine numerous influential geometrical parameters with the aim of optimizing the construction of such type of hydraulic turbines. In addition to presenting the conceptual solution of the installation, the modeling and production of vital parts of the Pelton turbine, applying modern engineering recommendations and techniques are given in the paper.
Covid-kriza kao izazov za strukturne promene u energetici – na globalnom i nacionalnom nivou
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Đukić Petar , Đukanović Slaviša
Published: November 2021

COVID-19 pandemic is realizing a deep recession of the global economy, income fall as well as the increase of unemployment and many enforced inter/sectorial changes. The crisis hits the sector of personal services more than other sectors (especially tourism, transport, catering) but also most branches of industries and manufacturing. Energy sector was damaged less or more, depending on the branch or technology, and fall of energy demand. It seems that the global economic recovery, nevertheless it could be in 2021 or later, will cause the high demand energy increase. The world will probably again be faced with choice of unsustainable and risky growth as previously, or sustainable growth and development. The actual dominant growth model is based on increasing material resources exploiting, negative externalities increasing (especially pollution) and very dangerous climate changes. The main contribution of climate changes to climate changes and greenhouse gases (GHG) emission is given by energy sector. If the energy sector would be developed like before in continuity with previous practice, this may lead to the strong energy intensity increase. The alternative way of fundamental restructuring is more difficult, but much more globally effective in developmental (economic, technology and environmental) sense. Serbia could remediate some short-term recession, but its official apply for high growth rate just after one-year recession, based on previous economy and energy structure, can be very dangerous, risky and unacceptable deception. However, inefficient public sector in general expensive public administration environment in combination with extremely dirty and inefficient energy could remove away the Serbian energetics from the modernization and reform process, which could worsen public health and environmental safety. On the other hand, energy reform and deep structural changes based on the green and circular economy, could give the opportunity for the quality growth and sustainable development after COVID-crisis. Today tipping point to economic flaws after the immunization-vaccination beginning, in Serbia, as all over the world, could be used for the designing unavoidable system strategic and structural policies and measures of sustainable energy.
Assistance to Pupils with Learning Difficulties in Mathematics
Authors:   University of Primorska, Faculty of Education, Koper, Slovenia, Žakelj Amalija , Felda Darjo , Cotič Mara ,   University of Primorska, Faculty of Education, Koper, Slovenia
Published: November 2021

In the paper we are going to discuss in what ways the teacher ought to educate pupils who experience different difficulties in learning mathematics. The conduct of teachers in planning and implementing the learning process from the perspective of assistance to pupils with learning difficulties are closely related with their views and notions about the relevance of individual mathematical contents as well as with their concepts of teaching, knowledge, teacher’s and pupil’s role in the classroom. A conceptual design of the model has been created, which is based on the following premises of quality learning and teaching for pupils with learning difficulties: Making sense of mathematical knowledge from the perspective of providing assistance to pupils with learning difficulties; Education as a mutual activity of the learner and the teacher (the principle of mutual responsibility); and The principle of participation of the pupil in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of learning and teaching.
Neformalni obrazovni kontekst i nastava prirode i društva u izmenjenom društvenom kontekstu – metodički pristup i značaj
Authors: Pivaš Milana
Published: November 2021

Equally effective and demanding for all students, the traditional paradigm prevents independent acquisition of knowledge in a changed social context. Students should be able to independently research and analyze natural and social phenomena and processes. The role of the teacher is to create a complete picture, and not to interpret the content knowledge as biological, geographical, or historical. To avoid the passivity of students in the teaching process, it is necessary to choose an informal context and adapt it to the content being learned. In this paper, we have tried to point out the importance of an integrative approach in the non-formal educational context within the content of the subject Science and Social studies. We have presented the practical implication regarding natural and social contents. Lack of resources, time and interest of teachers are cited as obstacles to this way of working. In addition to pointing out the effective application of the informal context in a changed social context, we also provided suggestions for future research to improve teaching practice.
Studentsʼ Views on the Use of Information and Communication Technology and Experiential Learning in Science Lessons
Authors:   University of Primorska, Faculty of Education, Koper, Slovenia, Salober Polona , Cotič Nastja , Žuljan Darjo
Published: November 2021

In science classes, experiential work with concrete material is very important. Lessons may be enriched by integrating information and communication technology (ICT) which contributes to increased motivation, as well as better knowledge and satisfaction of students. The aim of the study was to find whether students in these times prefer science lessons in the classroom with practical activities or by using the computer, and to find possible differences in opinions of children from rural versus urban environment. The research included 125 Slovenian primary school students (90 years old), who answered a questionnaire. The results showed that students still prefer experiential learning, performing experiments, science days and operating with real objects in comparison to using the computers (film, games, etc.). An important finding is that students prefer learning in the classroom with their classmates rather than distance learning with the help of a computer.