bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison between the use of acceleration sensor and video tracker on smartphone for spring oscillation experiment
Authors: Listiaji Prasetyo , Darmawan Melissa Salma , Daeni Fitri , Karmuji
Published: October 2020

Nowadays, mechanical experiments such as spring oscillations for high schools and colleges have been developed using smartphones. This study aims to compare the use of acceleration sensors and video tracker available on smartphones for free and damped spring oscillation experiments. This experiment used varying load masses. In experiments using acceleration sensors, acceleration versus time data were obtained, while experiments using a video tracker got position versus time data. The data were then calculated to obtain the spring constant value and the damping coefficient are obtained. The experimental results showed that for experiments using the acceleration sensor, the spring constant values k = (11.8 ± 0.2) N m−1. For experiments using a video tracker the spring constant values k = (12.1 ± 0.4) N m−1. Experiments using the acceleration sensor can explain the acceleration trends that change periodically whereas when we use a video tracker it explains the trends in positions that change periodically. But, based on the standard deviation, showing that experiments using acceleration sensors obtain more precise results. We hope that mechanical experiment using smartphone acceleration sensors can be applied in physics laboratories on high schools and colleges, because that is easy, inexpensive, and also the results are more precise.
Comparison of deep learning synthesis of synthetic CTs using clinical MRI inputs
Authors: Massa Haley A , Johnson Jacob M , McMillan Alan B
Published: October 2020

There has been substantial interest in developing techniques for synthesizing CT-like images from MRI inputs, with important applications in simultaneous PET/MR and radiotherapy planning. Deep learning has recently shown great potential for solving this problem. The goal of this research was to investigate the capability of four common clinical MRI sequences (T1-weighted gradient-echo [T1], T2-weighted fat-suppressed fast spin-echo [T2-FatSat], post-contrast T1-weighted gradient-echo [T1-Post], and fast spin-echo T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery [CUBE-FLAIR]) as inputs into a deep CT synthesis pipeline. Data were obtained retrospectively in 92 subjects who had undergone an MRI and CT scan on the same day. The patient’s MR and CT scans were registered to one another using affine registration. The deep learning model was a convolutional neural network encoder-decoder with skip connections similar to the U-net architecture and Inception V3 inspired blocks instead of sequential convolution blocks. After training with 150 epochs and a batch size of 6, the model was evaluated using structural similarity index (SSIM), peak SNR (PSNR), mean absolute error (MAE), and dice coefficient. We found that feasible results were attainable for each image type, and no single image type was superior for all analyses. The MAE (in HU) of the resulting synthesized CT in the whole brain was 51.236 ± 4.504 for CUBE-FLAIR, 45.432 ± 8.517 for T1, 44.558 ± 7.478 for T1-Post, and 45.721 ± 8.7767 for T2, showing not only feasible, but also very compelling results on clinical images. Deep learning-based synthesis of CT images from MRI is possible with a wide range of inputs, suggesting that viable images can be created from a wide range of clinical input types.
DaNet: dose-aware network embedded with dose-level estimation for low-dose CT imaging
Authors: Huang Zhenxing , Chen Zixiang , Chen Jincai , Lu Ping , Quan Guotao , Du Yanfeng , Li Chenwei , Gu Zheng , Yang Yongfeng , Liu Xin , Zheng Hairong , Liang Dong , Hu Zhanli
Published: October 2020

Many deep learning (DL)-based image restoration methods for low-dose CT (LDCT) problems directly employ the end-to-end networks on low-dose training data without considering dose differences. However, the radiation dose difference has a great impact on the ultimate results, and lower doses increase the difficulty of restoration. Moreover, there is increasing demand to design and estimate acceptable scanning doses for patients in clinical practice, necessitating dose-aware networks embedded with adaptive dose estimation. In this paper, we consider these dose differences of input LDCT images and propose an adaptive dose-aware network. First, considering a large dose distribution range for simulation convenience, we coarsely define five dose levels in advance as lowest, lower, mild, higher and highest radiation dose levels. Instead of directly building the end-to-end mapping function between LDCT images and high-dose CT counterparts, the dose level is primarily estimated in the first stage. In the second stage, the adaptively learned low-dose level is used to guide the image restoration process as the pattern of prior information through the channel feature transform. We conduct experiments on a simulated dataset based on original high dose parts of American Association of Physicists in Medicine challenge datasets from the Mayo Clinic. Ablation studies validate the effectiveness of the dose-level estimation, and the experimental results show that our method is superior to several other DL-based methods. Specifically, our method provides obviously better performance in terms of the peak signal-to-noise ratio and visual quality reflected in subjective scores. Due to the dual-stage process, our method may suffer limitations under more parameters and coarse dose-level definitions, and thus, further improvements in clinical practical applications with different CT equipment vendors are planned in future work.
A two-photon laser in a Kerr-like medium with cross-Kerr and intensity-dependent coupling
Authors: Mathkoor Faisal H A , Raymond Ooi C H
Published: October 2020

We have studied the photon statistics of a nondegenerate two-photon laser with a medium that has both self- and cross-Kerr interactions as well as intensity-dependent atom–field coupling in the Hamiltonian. The density matrix equation of the atoms and two-mode cavity fields was derived using the standard Scully–Lamb approach and numerically solved. Under certain conditions, the photon distribution function equation was derived and solved analytically. The first few moments of photon numbers were calculated in the region above the lasing threshold. Nonclassicality of the fields was investigated by means of the Mandel Q parameter, second-order correlation functions and the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality. The results are analyzed for a range of finite Kerr parameters. Intensity-dependent coupling suppresses the nonclassicality of the field. It pushes the statistics of the field towards super-Poissonian.The self- and cross-Kerr interactions have significant roles in the nonclassicality of the two-photon cavity field and its statistics. These results are interesting for the field of quantum nonlinear optics and useful in quantum communications.
Design and Implementation of a TCP Long Connection Load Balancing Algorithm Based on Negative Feedback Mechanism
Authors: Chunlei Wei , Jixin Hou , Dechao Ma , Jinghu Zhao , Yunfeng Sun
Published: October 2020

Dynamic load balancing is an important way to improve the resource utilization and parallel computing performance of multi-server system. For the mass of terminals under the Internet of Things scenario high frequency periodic escalation and receiving messages scene, the terminal equipment and message server need to establish a TCP long connection to communicate, the accumulation of messages different degree of weight will cause the load tilt. In this paper, an algorithm based on the socket buffer feedback mechanism is proposed, which takes the server load (CPU, memory, connection rate and socket buffer cache) as the load indicator, collects the load indicator through the load agent and calculates the discrete coefficient of the server socket buffer. The dispatch controller calculates the weight of each server, and the higher the weight, the lighter the server load. The experiments show that the CMTS more realistically feedbacks the server load status than the least connections. As the number of cluster server connections and message sending rate increase, the average cluster response time is shorter.
Present Situation and Development of Internal Sensors for Ultra-high Frequency Detection in Gas Insulated Switchgear
Authors: Chen Li , Xiaoxin Chen , Xianjun Shao , Hua Xu
Published: October 2020

This paper discusses the application situation of the ultra-high frequency (UHF) method and optical method in the detection of partial discharge of gas insulated switchgear (GIS), and the differences between external and internal UHF sensors. The sensor is a key technology in the PD detection method, and its performance directly affects the validity of the monitoring results. Different partial discharge detection sensors have different characteristics and working environments. UHF sensor has the advantages of wide detection range and convenient layout. Optical sensors have the advantages of high sensitivity and fast response speed. Six main types of internal sensors are evaluated and the performance indicators of internal sensors are discussed which includes disc antenna, loop antenna, dipole antenna, planar spiral antenna, conical antenna, photoelectric composite sensor. Furthermore, some problems need to be solved are proposed for further research, which is of great significance to the safe and stable operation of power equipment.
A Prediction Model for Time Series of Dissolved Gas Content in Transformer Oil Based on LSTM
Authors: Hu Chuye , Zhong Yang , Lu Yiqi , Luo Xiaotong , Wang Shaorong
Published: October 2020

By combining with dissolved gas analysis, time series prediction of dissolved gas content in oil provides a basis for transformer fault diagnose and early warning. In the view of that, a prediction model based on long short time memory (LSTM) network for time series of dissolved gas content in oil is proposed, which takes advantage of LSTM network’s ability to deal with long-sequence prediction problems. Five characteristic gas concentrations are used as input to the model, and the hyper parameters of the model is optimized by Bayesian optimization algorithm to further improve prediction accuracy, then a LSTM prediction model is constructed. By case study, it is verified that the proposed model can precisely predict time series of dissolved gas content. Compared with gray model, BP neural network and support vector machine, the proposed model has higher prediction accuracy and can better track the trend of time series of dissolved gas content in oil.
A Cooperative Block-variant Monitoring Mechanism Based on Spectral Clustering for Internet of Things
Authors: Chen Jiaxi , Liu Xingchuan , Wu Jinyun , Ding Zhiqiang , Cui Yue , Yang Shuo
Published: October 2020

There exist two main defects in traditional monitoring systems: rigid monitoring intensities and fixed task roles, which induce low monitoring efficiencies and large power consumptions. To alleviate these two problems, this paper proposes a cooperative block-variant monitoring mechanism for Internet of Things. This mechanism divides the whole monitoring area into several blocks with different monitoring intensities according to the spatial distribution of monitoring terminals based on spectral clustering. The monitoring intensities, including monitoring densities and frequencies, are decided by the status of monitoring objects in different blocks and the values of pre-setting thresholds. By adjusting the monitoring densities and frequencies in real time, this method makes the monitoring focus on the most critical blocks, which improves the monitoring efficiencies and reduces the overall consumption of system. In addition, adequate switching of the task roles of nodes balances their workloads, and therefore extends the overall life of the monitoring systems. A large number of experiments have been carried out, and the results show that this collaborative monitoring mechanism achieves good performance.
Simulation Study on Propagation Characteristics of Optical Signal of Point Discharge in GIS
Authors: Chen Xiaoxin , Li Chen , He Wenlin , Hu Junhua , Yang Songwei
Published: October 2020

With the development of the power system, gas insulated switchgear (GIS) is a commonly used module in power system at present. However, in the process of design, manufacturing, transportation and installation, it is inevitable to have various failures, causing serious consequences. At present, partial discharge detection has become an effective way to judge whether failures exist in GIS, especially optical detection method which is developing rapidly. The process of partial discharge will be accompanied by the emission of light signals. By detecting the light signal emitted by the partial discharge, the occurrence of the partial discharge can be effectively detected. Therefore, the propagation characteristics of the optical signal generated by light in GIS will be studied in this paper, and study the relationship between the position of light and data by TracePro, providing a reference for the layout of optical sensors. It is of great significance to the effective detection of partial discharge.
Dynamic life cycle carbon and energy analysis for cross-laminated timber in the Southeastern United States
Authors: Lan Kai , Kelley Stephen S , Nepal Prakash , Yao Yuan
Published: October 2020

Life cycle assessment (LCA) has been used to understand the carbon and energy implications of manufacturing and using cross-laminated timber (CLT), an emerging and sustainable alternative to concrete and steel. However, previous LCAs of CLT are static analyses without considering the complex interactions between the CLT manufacturing and forest systems, which are dynamic and largely affected by the variations in forest management, CLT manufacturing, and end-of-life options. This study fills this gap by developing a dynamic life-cycle modeling framework for a cradle-to-grave CLT manufacturing system across 100 years in the Southeastern United States. The framework integrates process-based simulations of CLT manufacturing and forest growth as well as Monte Carlo simulation to address uncertainty. On a 1-ha forest land basis, the net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions range from −954 to −1445 metric tonne CO2eq. for a high forest productivity scenario compared to −609 to −919 metric tonne CO2eq. for a low forest productivity scenario. All scenarios showed significant GHG emissions from forest residues decay, demonstrating the strong needs to consider forest management and their dynamic impacts in LCAs of CLT or other durable wood products (DWP). The results show that using mill residues for energy recovery has lower fossil-based GHG (59%–61% reduction) than selling residues for producing DWP, but increases the net GHG emissions due to the instantaneous release of biogenic carbon in residues. In addition, the results were converted to a 1 m3basis with a cradle-to-gate system boundary to be compared with literature. The results, 113–375 kg CO2eq. m−3across all scenarios for fossil-based GHG emissions, were consistent with previous studies. Those findings highlight the needs of system-level management to maximize the potential benefits of CLT. This work is an attributional LCA, but the presented results lay a foundation for future consequential LCAs for specific CLT buildings or commercial forest management systems.
Spectral properties of spiral-shaped quantum waveguides
Authors: Exner Pavel , Tater Miloš
Published: October 2020

We investigate properties of a particle confined to a hard-wall spiral-shaped region. As a case study we analyze in detail the Archimedean spiral for which the spectrum above the continuum threshold is absolutely continuous away from the thresholds. The subtle difference between the radial and perpendicular width implies, however, that in contrast to the ‘less curved’ waveguides, the discrete spectrum is empty in this case. We also discuss modifications such as multi-arm Archimedean spirals and spiral waveguides with a central cavity; in the latter case bound state already exist if the cavity radius exceeds a critical size. For more general spiral regions the spectral nature depends on whether they are ‘expanding’ or ‘shrinking’. The most interesting situation occurs in the asymptotically Archimedean case where the existence of bound states depends on the direction from which the asymptotical value of width is reached.
Characterization pH, stability of emulsion, and viscosity canola oil (Brassicca napus L.) emulsion (O/W)
Authors: Putra A M , Syarifuddin A , Dirpan A
Published: October 2020

The aimed of this research was to determine the best oil in water emulsion as the main ingredient in the gel matrix. The experimental design of this study used a factorial completely randomized design with two factors. The factors were factor canola oil concentration using 30%(CO1), 40%(CO2), and factor xhantan gum concentration using 0.3%(XG1), 0.5%(XG2). The best emulsion formulation was selected based on functional properties such as pH, emulsion stability and viscosity. The result of research showed that the using of 40%(CO2) canola oil concentration and 0.5%(XG2) xhantan gum had the best oil in water (O/W) emulsion. This was indicated by the results of pH 6,5, the highest emulsion measurements (99.4%) and viscosity (22226 cP). canola oil concentration affects the pH value of the emulsion, the stability of the emulsion and viscosity are influenced by the concentration of xhantan gum and the concentration of canola oil. the higher the concentration of xhantan gum, the higher the stability of the emulsion and viscosity.
Analysis of Escherichia coli O157:H7 contamination in chicken meat sold in traditional markets in Makassar, Indonesia
Authors: Amalia A , Apada A M S , Ridwan R
Published: October 2020

Esherichia coli O157: H7 is one of the pathogenic strains of E. coli, which causes enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) and appears as a major source of food outbreaks. This study aimed to determine the contamination of E. coli O157:H7 by culture methods, in broiler chicken meat sold in Traditional Market in Makassar. Twenty-four chicken meat samples were taken from four traditional markets. Isolation and identification of Escherichia coli were carried out by the conventional culture method using the Eosin Methylene Blue Agar, then the identification of the E. coli O157:H7 using the Sorbitol MacConkey Agar. Results showed that 15 of 24 chicken meat samples were contaminated with E. coli O157:H7. The poor personal hygiene of sellers and dirty market environments concerned with causing contamination in chicken meat sold in the four traditional markets.
Matoa pasteurized milk quality subjected to the different levels of alginate
Authors: Triana A , Maruddin F , Malaka R , Taufik M
Published: October 2020

The addition of alginate in pasteurized milk processing could improve the impact of using matoa leaf extract on pasteurized milk. Matoa leaf extract was acidic. The use of a certain amount of matoa leaf extract in the processing of milk pasteurization could affect the stability of the (colloidal) dispersion of the final product. Hence, alginate was known to have the ability to inhibit some pathogenic bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of alginate used in matoa pasteurized milk processing on the microbiological and physical quality of matoa pasteurized milk. The parameters measured were the inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli, organoleptic on viscosity, and preference of matoa pasteurized milk. This study used a completely random design. The treatment used was without the addition of alginate (0%) and the addition of 0.1%; 0.2% and 0.3% alginate. The results showed that the increasing use of alginate in matoa pasteurized milk showed an increase in the ability to inhibit E. coli and an increase in panelists’ assessment of viscosity, and changed the panelists’ preference for matoa pasteurized milk. The use of alginate levels between 0.1-0.2% in the processing of matoa pasteurized milk improved the quality of the final product.
The response of three cane varieties’ bud chips seedlings with mycorrhizae isolate
Authors: Musa Y , Mollah A , Sumiati
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to determine the effect of mycorrhizal utilization on the growth of sugar cane seedlings with bud chips system. The research was conducted in the form of a two-factor factorial experiment arranged based on a Randomized Group Design with 3 replications. The first factor was varieties with three levels namely Bulu Lawang, Kidang Kencana, and Camming while the second factor was mycorrhizae: Glomus sp 1, Acaulupora sp, and Glomus sp 2. The results showed that Kidang Kencana variety gave the highest average values in plant height and brix levels. Whereas Camming variety had the highest average value in stem diameter, root weight and root length. Glomus sp 1 mycorrhiza was a type that associated well in sugarcane compared to Acauluspora sp and Glomus sp 2. The combination of Camming variety and Glomus sp 2 mycorrhiza produced the highest average number of leaves at 2 weeks after planting (WAP).
Effect analysis of market segmentation on purchasing decisions local rice in modern market
Authors: Rukka R M , Amiruddin A , Tenriawaru A N , Muslimah C D
Published: October 2020

The background of this study discusses market segmentation of local rice purchasing decisions that have generally been bought by the public in traditional markets, but this time it was done in the modern market, simultaneously and partially and to study the most dominant variables. The approved independent variables are: geographical (X1), demographic (X2), psychographic (X3) and behavior (X4), with the dependent variable that is the purchasing decision (Y) on local rice in the modern market. To find out the large influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable, this study used a sample of 50 respondents of local rice consumers at the Modern Market of Carrefour Pengayoman in Makassar. While sampling uses the purposive sampling method. The analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression. The results of the SPSS test show that: (1) Market Segmentation determines simultaneously the purchasing decisions of local rice in the modern market significantly. (2) Market Segmentation partial decision on local rice purchasing decisions in the modern market, except demographic variables. (3) Behavior is the most dominant dominant variable in purchasing decisions. The company is expected to keep paying attention to demographic segmentation and find out other factors in increasing local rice.
A Review of the Combination of Lean and Green in manufacturing for Sustainable Development
Authors: Indah A B R , Nurwahidah Andi , Mangngenre S , Ikasari N , Afifudin M T
Published: October 2020

Lean and green are concepts that can not be separated from the business processes of a company, including in manufacturing. A company is easy to achieve but sometimes difficult to maintain it. Maintaining the achievements that have been achieved is a challenge for the company that must be faced. Sustainability is a concept that can help companies maintain their achievements. In this paper we focus on the combination of lean and green in manufacturing to achieve sustainability. Sustainability that is the focus of this paper is based on the triple bottom line, namely economic, environmental and social. Lean implementation is believed to increase the productivity of a company’s production system that can improve performance from an economic standpoint. While by applying green the company can achieve productivity in terms of environmental and social aspects. So that by synergizing these two concepts, the triple bottom line can be achieved in accordance with predetermined targets.
The handling strategy of environmental issues in Sumbawa Regency, Indonesia: a case study of Newmont Nusa Tenggara, Ltd.’s environmental sustainability program
Authors: Seftyana D A , Cangara A R , Darwis  , Baharuddin A , Marifat I D N
Published: October 2020

This research aims to portray the strategy of Newmont Nusa Tenggara, Ltd., as a multinational corporation, in handling environmental issues caused by its operational activities Western Sumbawa regency through its Environmental Sustainability Program (ESP). This research also aims to recognize the environmental damage arisen due to the operational activities of the corporation and the strategy Newmont Nusa Tenggara, Ltd. carried out to overcome the damage through its ESP. The discussion is focused on the damage of operational activities and its handling strategy in 2012. The finding of the research shows that operational activities carried out by Newmont Nusa Tenggara, Ltd. have had an impact on the soil structure and river water contamination, which further affected social security. Its effort in handling the damage through ESP focuses on the management of tailings waste, mining water, and forest reclamation. However, the program has not been maximized since the presence of sewerage pipes leading to the river, which is the source of community life, is still found and triggered societal protests that led to conflict.
Preservation of underwater cultural heritage: utilization of Lockheed P-38 lightning aircraft in Lae-Lae Island waters as a diving attraction
Authors: Makmur D S , Nur M , Muda K T
Published: October 2020

The preservation of Lockheed P-38 Lightning aircraft in the waters of Lae-Lae Island needs to be carried out optimally. It is necessary to encourage the preservation of covering aspects of the utilization of the Lockheed P-38 Lightning as a diving attraction. The diving attraction is one of the latest interests and is again favored by extreme explorers. The Community Empowerment Model for the preservation and utilization of the Lockheed p-38 aircraft as a diving attraction is one of the alternative approaches need to be developed to better accommodate the interests of local communities. Approaches that are oriented to local communities can be realized in two ways, namely a participatory approach and community empowerment. Utilization of the Lockheed P-38 lightning is a study that produces a reference or recommendation for use as a diving attraction.
Use of rice husk ash as natural inhibitors in reinforced concrete
Authors: Sultan M A , Gaus A , Abbas M Y H , Rakhman K A , Barmawi N
Published: October 2020

Infrastructure in the coastal area is mostly made of steel and reinforced concrete steel which is susceptible to corrosion due to direct contact with sea water and also climatic conditions. There are several ways that can slow down the rate of corrosion reaction, one of which is by adding certain substances that act as inhibitors of corrosion reactions. This study is to determine the effect of using Rice Husk Ash as a natural inhibitor to reinforcing reinforced concrete reinforcement. The inhibitors used were rice husk ash mixed with reinforced concrete mixture as much as 5% and 10%. This corrosion measurement by calculating the weight lost from the reinforcement (inhibition efficiency). From the experimental results show that the higher the concentration given the lower the corrosion rate, and the optimal conditions obtained the effect of the use of natural inhibitors (rice husk ash) to reinforcing steel corrosion on the addition of 10% inhibitor of rice husk ash ash by 96%.
The impact of climate change on arabica suitability area and opportunities to reduce vulnerability
Authors: Muslihah I N , Karuniasa M , Herawati Tuti
Published: October 2020

Arabica is a global premium coffee commodity whose land suitability is vulnerable to climate change. The presence of exposure and sensitivity will have a potential impact such as a decrease in the quality and quantity of production. This study analyzes how the level of vulnerability of climate change to the development of land suitability of Arabica species and analyzes the potential of Arabica agroforestry by the community. The method used is quantitative with a quantitative approach that utilizes secondary data for spatial processing. Modeling results show that climate change leaves 6% of the area that has the suitability of Arabica species in Indonesia at this time. There is a 67% loss of land suitability nationally and has the potential to shift the new land suitability area by 28% in 2050. Many areas are at a moderate level of vulnerability that is lost, which is 87% of the total land suitability loss. The areas that have a very high value of climate change vulnerability is not necessarily a highly degraded land. The development of Arabica coffee agroforestry can contribute 29% to efforts to increase adaptation capacity to reduce climate change vulnerability from the perspective of land use diversification.
Coffee agribusiness development strategy in North Benteng Alla Village, South Sulawesi
Authors: Tenriawaru A N , Hadman A B , Summase I , Fudjaja L , Amiruddin A
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is formulate a coffee agribusiness development strategy in Benteng Alla Utara Village, Baroko District, Enrekang Regency. The analysis used in this study was descriptive qualitative data analysis aimed at explaining the condition of coffee agribusiness, income analysis aims to determine the income level of coffee farmers in Benteng Alla Utara Village, SWOT analysis is used to determine the alternatives that can be done by coffee agribusiness players, especially in the on-farm subsystem and design the right strategy for coffee agribusiness development in Benteng Alla Village, North Baroko District, Enrekang Regency. The results of this study indicate that the coffee agribusiness conditions in Benteng Alla utara village have links between each subsystem. So it needs to be developed again. The strategy that must be done is to increase coffee production by optimizing various existing resources, so that farmers can increase their income. eveloping the market and share of the coffee market, including farmers in coffee agribusiness training activities in order to add insight to farmers to develop their coffee farming. And carry out intensive rejuvenation and maintenance a ctivities of coffee plants and the use of technology that is good for farming and post-harvest processes.
Growth and production of white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) by adding coconut water to agricultural waste as a carbon source media
Authors: Rahmat  , Rahim Iradhatullah , Putera Muh. Ikbal , Asrul Laode
Published: October 2020

White oyster mushroom is a mushroom consumption that is popular with people and has a high nutritional value. The growth medium for this fungus is a carbon-based agricultural waste that has a high lignocellulose content. The research objective is to discover the best growing media for the growth and production of oyster mushrooms. Three carbon source growing media used are oil palm empty fruit bunches, corncobs, and sawdust. Media mixed with bran and lime then soaked up to 30% water, mixed with coconut water, and carried out sterilization for 8 hours. The study was arranged using a factorial design based on a randomized block design. Data collection is done by observing the time of the pinhead’s emergence and the time taken by the fungus mycelium to fill the baglog. The results showed that the oil palm empty fruit bunches media gave the fastest growth of oyster mushrooms, which was 35 days with 14.5 fruiting fruit bodies. This shows another potential of oil palm empty fruit bunches as a cultivation medium, which so far has only been used for the polymer fiber and fertilizer industry.
The globalizing of copra and coconut oil industry of Makassar before the second world war
Authors: Asba Abd. Rasyid , Evita Andi Lili , Rahman Fathu , Nur Nahdia
Published: October 2020

This article is aimed at clarifying the long term historical relationship of production, banking, and industry in economic growth that led Makassar (Indonesia) as the biggest copra exporter of the world. The historical fact showed that the policies in copra production, banking, and industry were the determinant factors that made Makassar either as a center of economic growth in eastern Indonesia and being a part of copra trading and coconut oil network of the world. The economic condition of Makassar as a growth center in the eastern Indonesia region, banking expectation, the coconut oil industry in local as well as global trading are also discussed. The role of the local trading system that had been established is also elaborated concerning the industrial copra process while the global trading system is viewed according to the banking role. The data in this article were taken from archives and historical records in Indonesia and in the Netherlands as well.
Evaluation of CropSyst model in simulating the growth and production of Katokkon chili (Capsicum chinense Jacq)
Authors: Kaimuddin  , Syam’un Elkawakib , Ruslan Nurjannah , Iswoyo Hari , Ridwan Ifayanti , Yassi Amir , Ramba Tandu
Published: October 2020

This study aims to evaluate the CropSyst model in simulating the growth and production of Katokkon. The research was carried out from December 2018 to May 2019 in two stages: the first stage was in To’pao Village in Tana Toraja Regency and Tallang Sura Village in North Toraja Regency, and the second stage was in the Agro-climatology and Biostatistics Laboratory of the Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University. The method used in this research was survey method and simulation method with CropSyst. The survey method was used to obtain information regarding some phenology and production of three Katokkon plant sources ie. Leatung 1, Leatung 2 and Limbong Sapolo. While the simulation method with CropSyst was carried out by incorporating all information obtained in the first stage to run the model. The results of this study indicate that the productivity of the Katokkon chili at the two study sites are similar to the output of the CropSyst model. Katokkon chili productivity in To’pao Village simulated by the model was 6.87 ton/ha while observed yield was 6.60 ton/ha. The productivity of the Katokkon chili in Tallang Sura Village were 6.74 and 6.63 ton/ha for the simulated and observed, respectively. Index of Agreement (d) at the two research locations shows that the CropSyst model can accurately predict the productivity of the Katokkon chili from Leatung 2 (d = 0.54) compared to the Katokkon chili from Limbong Sampolo (d = 0, 51) and Leatung 1 (d = 0.48).
Water requirement for cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) plant and the effect of climate factors on the distribution of the cocoa pod borer attacks (Conopomorpha cramerella Snellen) in North Luwu Regency using Cropwat 8.0
Authors: Kaimuddin  , Mustari K , A Khairunnisa , Zul Farmy , Bahrun A H , Ridwan I , Widiayani N
Published: October 2020

The research aims to determine the water requirements level for cocoa plant growth, and study the effect of climate factor on the area of cocoa pod borer attack. The research was conducted from April to July 2019 in Batu Alang Village, Sabbang district, North Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi. The research consisted of two stages ie. Survey (literature study, observations, and interviews) to obtain dataset for climate, soil and cocoa plant growth and desktop study (simulation using Cropwat 8.0) to run the model using dataset previously obtained from the survey. The results show that evapotranspiration of cocoa (ETc) on stage 1 is 106.53, Stage 2 is 114.2, Stage 3 is 106.2, and Stage 4 is 85.1. Based on the ETc and the effective rainfall values in the study sites, water needs of cocoa plants in North Luwu Regency for all growth stages are adequate. The highest attack area of cocoa pod borer of 8332 ha occurred in February attributed to climatic conditions with an average temperature of 27.2 °C, 81% humidity, and 308 mm rainfall. On the other hand, the lowest attack area was 3224 ha in May that can be attributed to an average air temperature of 27.4 °C, 83% humidity, and 384 mm rainfall. Some climate factors do not have significant influence on the development and the widespread of the cocoa pod borer attacks.
Weeds diversity and the production of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) due to the application of azolla fertilizers and oxyfluorfen
Authors: Padjung R , Syam’un E , Haring F , Mantja K , Kasim N , Suni Y
Published: October 2020

The study aimed to determine the growth and production responses of shallot plants to the application of azolla fertilizer and oxifluorfen herbicide. This research was conducted in Balubu Village, Belopa District, Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi (3°23′32″ South latitude and 120°19′56″ East longitude) from February to April 2019. The study site was located at an altitude of 20 meters above sea level with average monthly rainfall of 151-200 mm/month. The study was conducted as experimental research based on a Split Plot Design. Azolla fertilizer was set as the main plot consisted of three levels, namely control, 3, and 6 tons ha−1 and the oxyfluorfen concentration was set as the sub plots consisted of four levels, namely control, 2, 4, and 6 cc L−1. Each treatment combination was repeated 3 times. The results show that the application of 6 ton per hectare of azolla fertilizer resulted in the highest average plant height at 42 days after planting (27.91 cm), bulb diameter (20.78 mm), bulbs fresh weight per plant (24.72 g), bulbs dry weight per plant (19.73 g), bulbs fresh wet per plot (1112.25 g), bulbs dry weight per plot (888 g), and production per hectare of 8.88 ton ha−1. Oxifluorfen treatment with a concentration of 6 cc L−1 effectively controlled the dominant weeds of onion plants such as Synedrella nodiflora, Mimosa pudica, and Stachytarpheta jamaicensis with the lowest average number of individual weed per plot of 6.00 weeds.
Higher NPK nutrients absorption due to the use of humic acid affects the growth and yield of baby corn applied with mungbean extract
Authors: Ulfa Fachirah , Ridwan Ifayanti , Mustari Kahar , Dachlan Amirullah , Iswoyo Hari , Hasmi
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine the growth and production of baby corn plants due to application of humic acid and mungbean sprouts extract. The study was conducted at the Teaching Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar from March to May 2018. This study used a factorial two-factor design that was arranged based on a randomized block design. The first factor was the application of humic acid consisted of control, 20, and 25 kg ha−1. While the second factor was the mungbean sprout extract concentration consisted of control, 5, 15, and 25 ppm. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, resulted in 36 experimental units. The results show that humic acid treatment can increase NPK uptake by corn plants and improve soil chemical properties. However, the two treatments had no significant effect on the growth and production of the baby corn plants. Application of 25 kg ha−1 humic acid and 25 ppm mungbean sprouts extract showed the best results on the parameters of the plant height (107.28 cm) and the highest number of leaves (15.56 leaves). Highest production per hectare was obtained both from the application of 20 kg ha−1 humic acid and 5 ppm of mungbean sprouts extract, and application of 25 kg ha−1 humic acid and with 15 ppm of mungbean sprout extract.
Characteristic and quality of silk fabric colored using natural dyes
Authors: Zalsabila  , Yusuf N , Arung A , Syahidah
Published: October 2020

Environmental issues have become important nowadays, and there is a trend to reduce polluting materials used. As in the textile industry, consumers prefer to choose the natural dyes fabric than synthetic dyes. The aim of this study is to find out the natural dye materials from henna leaves (Lawsonia inermis L.), sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan), and dragon fruit peel (Hylocereus costaricensis) on silk fabrics and to analyze the quality of silk that colored using natural dyes. The natural dyes were then applied to the silk and then performed testing quality of silk color. The results showed that the natural dyes mostly produce the pastel colors, where henna leaves performed a pastel green color, peel of dragon fruit performed baby pink color, and the sappan wood performed dusty pink. According to the quality test, all-natural dyes showed a bad resistance toward washing at 40°C and a bad fade resistance to acid sweat, but on the contrary, they perform a good resistance to bases sweat. It can be concluded that all the silk that has been colored by natural dyes indicated higher tensile strength compared to the silk without dye.
Compatibility of land use with spatial patterns of the Pangkajene Watershed
Authors: Aspin  , Wahyuni  , Arsyad U
Published: October 2020

This research purposed was to investigate land use and identify the suitability of land use with spatial patterns as well as determine the suitability between land use with regional spatial plans in the Pangkajene watershed. Two types of data were collected in the study; primary data in the form of land use data, and secondary data as the spatial plan map. The data obtained were analyzed by interpretation, accuracy test, and overlay to determine the suitability of land use with spatial patterns. The results showed ten classifications of land use. The land use, which compatible with the spatial pattern, was 68.08%, and 31.92% was not. The directions for use are in the form of reforestation on secondary forest land use, grasslands, mixed-land dryland agriculture, and shrubs. Land use management can be applied with reforestation, animal farming, and construction of terraces, both accompanied by ground cover plants and terrace reinforcement in the use of paddy fields.
Compatibility of land use with spatial patterns of the Saddang Hulu Subwatershed
Authors: Sumule V C Y , Arsyad U , Bachtiar B , Wahyuni
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to identify the land use and analyze the compatibility between land use with the spatial pattern of the Saddang Hulu Subwatershed. This study was conducted from March to May 2018, located in the Saddang Hulu Subwatershed. The data consisted of primary and secondary data, which primary data were collected from the field, and the secondary data were spatial plan and other supporting data. The data were analyzed by interpretation, accuracy test, and determination of compatibility. The results showed that 82.27% of the land use was compatible with the spatial pattern, while 17.73% was not. Incompatible land use directed towards community forestry with agroforestry and intensification patterns.
Application of corn cultivation techniques by smallholder farmers
Authors: Bahrun A H , Amin R , Alimin F
Published: October 2020

This research was conducted in one of Indonesian South Sulawesi’s regencies i.e. Sidenreng Rappang and specifically in three sub-districts namely Pancalautang, Tellulimpoe, and Watangpulu district. The study aimed to identify and evaluate maize cultivation techniques implemented by smallholder farmers in the three sub-districts. The study employed a survey by collecting primary and secondary data. Primary data include the details on farmers identity and farm related data, including all aspects of cultivation of maize in the field. The secondary data included general conditions study location and recommended farming practices. Site and farmer selection was determined based on the number of households that cultivate maize. Of the six villages determined, namely Teppo, Baula, Wanio, Lise, Mattirotasi, and Buae, 20 sample farmers were selected each based on their level of education, experience and participation in a farmer group. The results indicated that the maize cultivation technique implemented by the smallholder farmers was not in accordance with the recommendations, especially regarding land preparation, fertilizing, spacing, and crop protection. Based on this study, assistance and supports for these farmers need to become high consideration by the government.
Growth of cacao seedlings on application of several sawdust compost composition enriched with Trichoderma sp.
Authors: Rafiuddin  , Nasaruddin  , Osmar H Y
Published: October 2020

The study aimed to determine the response of the growth of cocoa seedlings in a variety of sawdust compost and Trichoderma sp compositions. The research was conducted in the form of a factorial experiment arranged with Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 factors. The first factor was the ratio of sawdust compost to manure: 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1. The second factor was the dose of Trichoderma, namely: 2 g per polybag, 4 g per polybag, and 6 g per polybag. The results showed that the application of compost composition of sawdust-manure 1: 2 gave the best results in several variables namely plant height (34.64 cm), number of leaves (21.24 strands), stem diameter (8.56 mm), chlorophyll index (138.76), total chlorophyll a (518.77 μmol.m-2), amount of b-chlorophyll (347.42 μmol.m-2), and total leaf chlorophyll (775.12 μmol.m-2). Application of Trichoderma sp. with a dose of 4 g per polybag gave the highest results in parameters of plant height (33.57 cm), leaf area (12.43 cm2) and Leaf Mass Area (LMA) (0.00334 g / cm2). There was no interaction between the sawdust compost composition treatment with addition of Trichoderma on all observed parameters.
Response of two melon varieties to combination of growing media enriched with baglog waste compost
Authors: Mantja K , Dermawan R , Iswoyo H , Peniwati
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a growing media combination with addition of baglog waste compost and several livestock manure on the growth and production of two varieties of melon (Cucumis melo L.). The research was designed with a Split Plot Design. The main plot was melon variety consisting of Action 434 and Glamor varieties. Subplots were planting media consisting of several combinations, namely soil + baglog waste compost (2:1), soil + baglog waste compost + chicken manure (2:1:1), soil + baglog waste compost + cow manure (2:1:1), and soil + baglog waste compost + goat manure (2:1:1). The results showed that the Glamor variety gave the best leaf area (108.66 cm2). Treatment of soil + baglog waste compost + chicken manure gave the best leaf area (122.01 cm2), highest leaf chlorophyll content (41.77 mg/cm2), longest root length (52.18 cm) and the largest fruit diameter (42.33 cm). The treatment of soil + baglog waste compost + cow manure gave the heaviest fruit weight (0.75 kg) and the highest fruit sweetness level (8.22 °brix).
An assessment on land typology and achievement of government target for green space area development according to spatial plan 2005-2015 of Makassar city
Authors: Iswoyo H , Dariati T , Junardi D
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to identify green open spaces in Makassar City and evaluate the achievement of Makassar City green open space target based on the 2005-2015 spatial planning document. This research was conducted by collecting, managing primary data and secondary data in the form of spatial and attribute data. Analog spatial data was converted into digital spatial data using the Geographic Information System by digitizing the map using the Arcgis 10.3 application. Following the desk work, a field survey was conducted to determine the existing condition of the field. Based on the evaluation of the city spatial plan, this study introduced 17 typologies of land coverages. The evaluation of green area in 2017 revealed there were 3 zones with green area that were larger than the target set by the Makassar City spatial plan for 2005-2015. They are the maritime area zone, and research and cultural development zone. However. there were other zones whose green areas found in this study to be smaller than the target according to Makassar City spatial plan 2005-2015. These zones were the city center and port areas, industrial and warehousing zones, global business zone, settlement, airports, sports, education and business and tourism zones.