bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hervormde Teologiese Kollege Volume, opgedra aan dr. Christo van der Merwe / Reformed Theological College Volume, dedicated to Dr Christo van der Merwe
Authors: Ungerer André
Published: November 2015

No abstract available.
Design and Rationale of the Femoral Closure versus Radial Compression Devices Related to Percutaneous Coronary Interventions (FERARI) Study
Authors: Behnes Michael , Ünsal Melike , Hoffmann Ursula , Fastner Christian , El-Battrawy Ibrahim , Lang Siegfried , Mashayekhi Kambis , Lehmann Ralf , Borggrefe Martin , Akin Ibrahim
Published: November 2015

Background

Bleeding events after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) are associated with patients' age, gender, and the presence of chronic kidney disease, antithrombotic treatment, as well as arterial access site. Patients being treated by PCI using radial access site are associated with an improved prognosis. However, the safety of femoral closure devices has never been compared to radial compression devices following PCI. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the safety of femoral closure compared to radial compression devices in patients treated by PCI envisaging access site bleedings as well as short- and long-term prognostic outcomes.

Methods

The Femoral Closure versus Radial Compression Devices Related to Percutaneous Coronary Interventions (FERARI) study is a single-center observational study comparing 400 consecutive patients undergoing PCI either using radial compression devices (TR Band™) or femoral closure devices (Angio-Seal™) at the corresponding access site. The primary outcome consists of the occurrence of vascular complications at the arterial access site, including major bleedings as defined by common classification systems. Secondary outcomes consist of the occurrence of adverse cardiac events, including all-cause mortality, target lesion revascularization, and target vessel revascularization during 30 days and 12 months of follow-up.

Results

Study enrollment was initiated in February 2014. The enrollment phase is expected to last until May 2015.

Conclusions

The FERARI study intends to comparatively evaluate the safety and prognostic outcome of patients being treated by radial or femoral arterial closure devices following PCI during daily clinical practice.
Two-phase entropy solutions of forward–backward parabolic problems with unstable phase
Authors: Terracina Andrea
Published: November 2015

In this paper we study a two-phase problem for a forward–backward parabolic equation with diffusion function of cubic type. Existence and uniqueness for these kind of problems were obtained in literature in the case in which the phases are both stable. Here we consider the situation in which the unstable phase is taken in account, obtaining not trivial solutions of the problem. It is interesting to note that such solutions are given by solving generalized Abel’s equations.
Regularity up to the boundary for singularly perturbed fully nonlinear elliptic equations
Authors: Ricarte Gleydson C. , da Silva João Vítor
Published: November 2015

In this article we are interested in studying regularity up to the boundary for one-phase singularly perturbed fully nonlinear elliptic problems, associated to high energy activation potentials, namely

F(X, \nabla u^{\varepsilon}, D^2 u^{\varepsilon}) = \zeta_{\epsilon}(u^{\epsilon}) \quad \text{in} \quad \Omega \subset \mathbb R^n

where

\zeta_{\varepsilon}

behaves asymptotically as the Dirac measure

\delta_{0}

as

\varepsilon

goes to zero. We shall establish global gradient bounds independent of the parameter

\varepsilon

.
Optimal regularity at the free boundary for the infinity obstacle problem
Authors: Rossi Julio D. , Teixeira Eduardo V. , Urbano José Miguel
Published: November 2015

This paper deals with the obstacle problem for the infinity Laplacian. The main results are a characterization of the solution through comparison with cones that lie above the obstacle and the sharp

C^{1,\frac{1}{3}}

-regularity of the solutions at the free boundary.
Mean curvature flow with obstacles: Existence, uniqueness and regularity of solutions
Authors: Mercier Gwenaël , Novaga Matteo
Published: November 2015

We show short time existence and uniqueness of

C^{1,1}

solutions to the mean curvature flow with obstacles, when the obstacles are of class

C^{1,1}

. If the initial interface is a periodic graph we show long time existence of the evolution and convergence to a minimal constrained hypersurface.
Enhanced Binding of an $N$-particle System Interacting with a Scalar Field II. Relativistic Version
Authors: Hiroshima Fumio , Sasaki Itaru
Published: November 2015

An enhanced binding of

N

relativistic particles coupled to a massless scalar Bose field is investigated. It is not assumed that the system has a ground state for the zero-coupling. It is shown, however, that there exists a ground state for sufficiently large coupling. The proof is based on checking the stability condition and showing uniform exponential decay of infrared-regularized ground states.
A Diffusive Limit for the Profiles of Random Young Diagrams by Way of Free Probability
Authors: Hora Akihito
Published: November 2015

Concentration phenomena in statistical ensembles of Young diagrams have been investigated as static models first for the Plancherel ensemble by Vershik–Kerov and Logan–Shepp in 1970s and later in some other group-theoretical setting by Biane. On the other hand, a dynamical model of concentration for Young diagrams, which is not directly connected with group representations, was shown by Funak–{Sasada in the framework of hydrodynamic limit. The aim of this paper is to present a new dynamical model of concentration for Young diagrams featuring the group-theoretical sense. Starting from an initial state yielding concentration and a microscopic dynamics keeping the Plancherel measure invariant, we derive an evolution of the profiles of Young diagrams under a diffusive scaling limit. The resulting evolution along macroscopic time is described in terms of the notions of Voiculescu's free probability theory such as free compression and free convolution of Kerov transition measures.
The Denominators of Normalized $R$-matrices of Types $A_{2n-1}^{(2)}$, $A_{2n}^{(2)}$, $B_{n}^{(1)}$ and $D_{n+1}^{(2)}$
Authors: Oh Se-jin
Published: November 2015

The denominators of normalized

R

-matrices provide important information on finite dimensional integrable representations over quantum affine algebras, and finite dimensional graded representations over quiver Hecke algebras by the generalized quantum affine Schur-Weyl duality functors. We compute the denominators of all normalized

R

-matrices between fundamental representations of types

A_{2n-1}^{(2)}

(n \ge 3)

,

A_{2n}^{(2)}

(n \ge 2)

,

B_{n}^{(1)}

(n \ge 3)

and

D_{n+1}^{(2)}

(n \ge 2)

. Thus we can conclude that the normalized

R

-matrices of types

A_{2n-1}^{(2)}

,

A_{2n}^{(2)}

,

B_{n}^{(1)}

and

D_{3}^{(2)}

have only simple poles, and of type

D_{n+1}^{(2)}

(n \ge 3)

have double poles under certain conditions.
Analytic Singular Support Properties for Integral Operators in Hyperfunctions
Authors: Liess Otto , Okada Yasunori
Published: November 2015

In this paper, we continue our study of integral operators in [12] and give a result on the analytic singular support of the kernel hyperfunction similar to the main result in [12]. A new feature with respect to [12] is that we use classes of ultradifferentiable functions associated with a weight function and a topological description of related spaces of quasi-analytic functionals.
Обобщение закона повторного логарифма для ассоциированных случайных полей
Authors: Shashkin Aleksei Pavlovich
Published: November 2015

Доказывается вариант закона повторного логарифма
для ассоциированных полей, при котором индексирующее множество
для частных сумм может быть произвольным неограниченным.
Дается явное значение верхнего предела в законе
повторного логарифма в зависимости от структуры этого множества.
Библиография: 10 названий.
О гиперарифметической реализуемости
Authors: Konovalov Aleksander Yur'evich , Plisko Valerii Egorovich
Published: November 2015

Вводится понятие гиперарифметической реализуемости
для различных расширений языка формальной арифметики.
Исследуется вопрос о корректности классической,
интуиционистской и базисной логики относительно семантики,
основанной на гиперарифметической реализуемости.
Библиография: 8 названий.
Спектральная последовательность и конечно представимая размерность слабых расширений Хопфа-Галуа
Authors: Zhou X Y , Yang Tao
Published: November 2015

Пусть $H$ - слабая алгебра Хопфа,
$A$ - слабая правая $H$-комодульная алгебра,
$B$ - подалгебра алгебры $A$,
состоящая из $H$-ковариантных элементов и
$A/B$ - слабое правое $H$-расширение Галуа. В статье строится
спектральная последовательность для функтора $\operatorname{Ext}$,
которая дает оценку глобальной размерности $A$
через размерности $H$ и $B$. Кроме того, получено соотношение
между конечно представимыми размерностями алгебры $A$ и
ее подалгебры $B$. Наконец, изучен вопрос,
когда $A$ является $n$-алгеброй Горенстейна.
Библиография: 24 названия.
Disposition du bisphénol A chez le cheval : établissement d’une relation allométrique chez les mammifères
Authors: Chevallereau Virginie
Published: November 2015

Pharmacokinetic of bisphenol a in horse : etablishment of an allometric relation for mammals.

This thesis aimed at describing the BPA pharmacokinetic parameters in the horse, in order to complement the allometric approach of its clearance previously established from the data obtained to five mammals species and, thus, to predict its clearance in man. The average clearance of the BPA in horse was estimated at 6,1L/min. This value enabled us to estimate the BPA clearance in man by interpolation of the allometric relation which binds the BPA clearance to the physical weight of species, to 1,7L/min for a 70kg man, that is 24,74mL/(kg. min). This pharmacokinetic data is significant to interpret the results of biosurveillance studies and to predict the levels of human internal exposure at the BPA within the context of risks related to man exposure at this xenœstrogene.
Contribution au maintien du caractère opérationnel des plans d’intervention sanitaire d’urgence en santé animale
Authors: Puzin Lorraine , Villaggi Yann
Published: November 2015

Preserving the operability of contingency plans for animal health emergencies.

Certain animal disease outbreaks require a quick and well managed response. They are emergencies, since any delay could result in huge economic losses. The French zoosanitary emergencies and crisis’ management mainly involves State Veterinary Services at local level. Contingency planning enables to organize the surveillance and eventually the response to outbreaks. The last decades have seen zoosanitary contingency plans adopt an inclusive, interdisciplinary approach, fostering flexibility and engagement of various stakeholders. Seven critical issues for their operability require specific vigilance by competent authorities : financial aspects, early-warning networks, human resources, material resources, communication, documentation of procedures, and of course continuous improvement. This article is an overview of the preparing work within the French Veterinary Services, stemming from the 2012 author’s thesis.
Les particularités de la reproduction de Varroa destructor, agent de la varroose de l’abeille domestique. perspectives de lutte
Authors: Wendling Sébastien
Published: November 2015

Reproductive features of varroa destructor, agent of honeybee varroosis. Prospects for control.

More than 30 years after its first arrival, Varroa destructor, agent of honeybee varroosis, remains one of the most serious threat of french apiculture. Currently, the available means of control shows their limits. Further researches must be conduct to develop a sustainable parasitism control. During it reproductive phase, the parasite is particularly thrifty and closely linked to the cycle of its host. This weakness might be a promising line of approach.
Le guide Phénix
Authors: Béata Claude , Becquey Augustin , Boureau Vincent , Jançon Ghislaine , Mège Catherine , Rousselot Jean-François
Published: November 2015

The phenix guide to animal euthanasia.

Euthanasia of animals is a veterinary act whose difficulty is evident at many levels : it generates sadness, if not distress, in the owner ; it ruins all hopes of a possible cure for the veterinarian ; its practical realization is never easy and requires a great level of professionalism from the practitioner. The "Phenix" site was conceived by Qualityvet to help veterinary practitioners. Thanks to an interactive information that includes both reglementary and technical advice, together with a few interesting returns from the field, the "Phenix" guide targets every animal species, whether pet animals or rent animals. For each animal species, it takes into consideration its pecularities during the three successive phases : before-during-and after euthanasia. Its clear presentation allows the practitioner to rapidly access the informatioon he is looking for.
Apport des vaccins vétérinaires aux connaissances en vaccinologie
Authors: Charley Bernard
Published: November 2015

Contribution of veterinary vaccines to new knowledge in vaccinology. Vaccines are frequently used in veterinary medicine to protect numerous domestic animal species against a long list of pathogens. A noticeable part of commercialized or registered veterinary vaccines use new technologies such as recombinant proteins, deletion of virulence genes, viral vectors, DNA vaccination. These vaccines may also contain a variety of adjuvants. In addition, veterinary research on new vaccine strategies, which allows direct evaluation of protection in target animal species, is very active, including new vectors, nanotechnology, evaluation of TLR (Toll like receptor) ligands or cytokines as adjuvants, per cutaneous route of administration. These information contribute to new knowledge in vaccinology, including for human vaccines.
Achille Urbain (1884-1957), le premier directeur du Parc Zoologique de Paris
Authors: Borrel Thierry Antoine
Published: November 2015

D’origine modeste, Achille Urbain (1884-1957), diplômé de l’École vétérinaire de Lyon en 1906, entreprend une longue carrière militaire en 1903. Il obtient une licence ès sciences naturelles à la faculté des sciences de Clermont-Ferrand. Sous la direction de Gaston Bonnier (1853-1922), il soutient une thèse de botanique à la Sorbonne en 1920. Recruté cette année-là au Laboratoire militaire de recherches vétérinaires (LMRV), il se forme à l’immunologie auprès d’Alexandre Besredka (1870-1940) de l’Institut Pasteur. Nommé directeur du LMRV en 1927, Urbain obtient la même année sa thèse de doctorat vétérinaire pour ses travaux sur la réaction de fixation de complément. Recruté comme sous-directeur de la Ménagerie du Jardin des Plantes en 1931, Urbain bénéficie au Muséum d’une carrière éclair, devenant en mois de trois ans, le premier directeur du Parc Zoologique de Paris et le premier titulaire de la chaire d’ «Éthologie des animaux sauvages» (1934). Il remplira de 1942 à 1949 les fonctions de directeur du Muséum. Urbain est l’auteur de plus de 350 publications, dont plus des deux-tiers traitent d’immunologie et de microbiologie. Pour le reste, il s’intéresse à la zootechnie -nutrition, reproduction et gestion des collections des animaux du Zoo de Vincennes. Après son voyage en Indochine en 1937, il acquiert une grande notoriété auprès des zoologistes pour la description du boeuf gris cambodgien ou Kouprey. Durant toute sa carrière, il reste influencé par le pasteurisme, s’intéressant au diagnostic, à la prophylaxie et au traitement des maladies microbiennes des animaux pensionnaires de la Ménagerie et du Zoo de Vincennes. Urbain se consacre deux ans durant (1932-1934) à la réalisation du Parc Zoologique de Paris. Directeur pendant plus de 20 ans (1934-1955), il s’impose comme un gestionnaire hors-pair. C’est au Parc Zoologique de Paris réhabilité qu’a eu lieu le jeudi 23 octobre 2014, la cérémonie de dévoilement de la plaque commémorative en l’honneur d’Urbain. Cette manifestation émouvante, organisée conjointement par le Muséum et l’Académie Vétérinaire de France, a été l’occasion de rendre à Urbain l’hommage qu’il mérite.
Évolution du concept du Parc Zoologique de Paris de 1934 à 2014
Authors: Laidebeurre Sylvie , Lécu Alexis
Published: November 2015

Evolution of the concept of Paris zoo from 1934 to 2014. Paris Zoo (PZP) is one of the few zoos in the world to have undergone a complete renovation once single. Result of constant improvement of knowledge in biology and veterinary medicine for the past eight decades, its transformation has affected all aspects of the organization and operation of the park, while respecting the fundamental missions of European zoos and of the national Museum of natural History : taxonomic diversity of species, taking into account animal welfare and enrichment of their environment, functionality of breeding, husbandry and veterinary facilities, participation in conservation and research programs among which many are initiated by the PZP, as well as improving public reception conditions with the presentation of animals to visitors in five life zones (“biozones”) and the establishment of educational tools to assist them in their discovery. The evolution of the concept of PZP 2014 and its implementation are put in perspective with PZP 1934.
Le microbe, l’insecte, l’homme et les autres... : le monde des maladies à vecteurs
Authors: Rodhain François
Published: November 2015

The microbe, the insect, man and others… : the world of vector-borne diseases.

The transmission of pathogens by vector arthropods is an original, complex and efficient mean of propagation ; so, the sanitary and economic impact of such diseases appears considerable. Malaria is always a major endemic disease and other parasitic infections like leishmanioses, trypanosomoses or filarioses remain very prevalent in tropical countries. The incidence of Lyme borreliosis seems increasing and arboviral diseases like dengue, Chikungunya infection, Rift Valley fever, blue tongue and others are important concerns for those who are in charge of human or animal public health. Furthermore, the constant evolution of epidemiologic situations following ecologic changes often resulting of human activities is complicating the work of epidemiologists. We poorly understand the complexity of vectorial systems where arthropods can play many roles as they can be involved as vectors, reservoirs or disseminators and because their organism is a privileged site for the evolution of microorganisms. Facing the threat of vector-borne diseases, an efficient ecosanitary prevention is essential and this necessitates to carry on researches in several directions. In particular, we must study thoroughly the relationships between microorganisms and vectors, the ecology of arthropods, epidemiologic surveillance and vector control. That implies to have at our disposal well trained entomologists.
Diversité génétique d’Anaplasma Phagocytophilum, agent de l’anaplasmose granulocytaire, conséquences épidemiologiques et implications pour le contrôle en France
Authors: Chastagner Amélie Pierrette , Dugat Thibaud , Vourc’h Gwenaëlle , Chabanne Luc , Maillard Renaud , Boulouis Henri-Jean , Haddad Nadia , Leblond Agnès
Published: November 2015

Genetic diversity of anaplasma phagocytophilum,

the causative agent of granulocytic anaplasmosis, implications for epidemiology and control in France.

Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a tick-borne bacterium and the etiologic agent of granulocytic anaplasmosis, an emerging disease that affects a wide range of mammals. In this paper, we present the recent knowledge gained from studies on the genetic diversity of this pathogen in France.

Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) was used to characterize the genetic diversity of A. phagocytophilum in populations of French cattle, horses, dogs, and roe deer. MLSA was based on nine loci (ankA, msp4, groESL, typA, pled, gyrA, recG, polA, and an intergenic region). Phylogenic analysis revealed three genetic clusters of bacterial variants in domesticated animals. The two principal clusters included 98% of the bacterial genotypes found in cattle, which were only distantly related to those in roe deer. One cluster comprised only cattle genotypes, while the second contained genotypes from cattle, horses, and dogs. The third contained all roe deer genotypes and three cattle genotypes. These results suggest that roe deer do not contribute to the spread of A. phagocytophilum in cattle in France.

A Multiple-Locus Variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) Analysis typing technique was developed for A. phagocytophilum. Five VNTRs were selected based on the HZ human-derived strain genome, and were tested on the Webster human-derived strain and on 123 DNA samples. This study confirmed that A. phagocytophilum from roe deer or domestic ruminants belong to two different clusters, while A. phagocytophilum from red deer and domestic ruminants locate within the same cluster, questioning the respective roles of roe vs red deer as reservoir hosts for domestic ruminant strains in Europe.

The molecular techniques recently developed have great potential to provide detailed information on A. phagocytophilum isolates, improving both epidemiological and phylogenic investigations, thereby helping in the development of relevant prevention and control measures.
La leishmaniose canine à Leishmania Infantum : actualités épidémiologiques – applications
Authors: Bourdoiseau Gilles
Published: November 2015

Canine leishmaniosis epidemiological update and applications.

Canine leishmaniosis is a vector-borne disease caused by Leishmania infantum mainly transmitted by the bites of phlebotomine sandflies. The epidemiological role of domestic dogs (safe, asymptomatic, sick or vaccinated) is very important because it is the main source of parasites for the vector. But the proved or potential epidemiological role of wild animals (rabbit, hare,…) require more investigations for a best efficacy. The displacement or importation of infected dogs combined with the climatic modifications contribute to a significative incidence of canine and human clinical cases. Vaccination associated with topical insecticides should be recommanded for dogs living or travelling in endemic areas.
La vaccination dans la gestion des maladies vectorielles : rôles et réponses de l’industrie du médicament vétérinaire
Authors: Ridremont Bertrand , Bolon Arnaud , Poincelot Laure , Cournarie Fabienne
Published: November 2015

Vaccination in the management of vector-borne diseases : roles and answers of veterinary medicine industry.

Vaccination is an option among the different tools against animal vector-borne diseases. The animal health care industry is often involved in manufacturing vaccines to prevent enzootic diseases (as leishmaniosis) or emerging diseases (as Blue Tongue and Schmallenberg diseases). Cooperation with scientific experts or institutes and governmental organizations is quite essential to coordinate management of such vectorial diseases : examples of networks in terms of research and field application are mentioned. The development of vaccines by the healthcare companies generally takes 7 to 10 years, sometimes more, but, in case of emerging diseases, could be achieved within a few months, with fast availability of such vaccines on the field due to special authorization. Then issues for the pharmaceutical companies are discussed, either on a scientific (R and D) basis or on an economical point of view (Return On Investment). Finally, numerous initiatives are taken by the pharmaceutical industry to favor collaborations in a spirit of open innovation for tomorrow’s innovations.
Examen critique des approches vaccinales pour lutter contre les mammites bovines
Authors: Rainard Pascal
Published: November 2015

Critical appraisal of vaccine approaches to control bovine mastitis.

Despite their interest to combat mastitis, vaccines are few and underused, owing to limited efficacy. The mammary gland may have established with its pathogens a modus vivendi that favours the settlement of chronic subclinical infections. Reprogramming this immune response in a way that favours bacteriological cure but spares the secretory function presents a major challenge to immunologists. To improve vaccine efficacy, stress should be put on research on T lymphocyte-dependent immune defenses. In this view, improved knowledge of mammary lymphocyte populations, in association with systems vaccinology approaches, should offer new prospects for the development of efficient vaccines.
Impact of a Curricular Change on Perceived Knowledge, Skills, and Use of Evidence in Occupational Therapy Practice: A Cohort Study
Authors: Benevides Teal W. , Vause-Earland Tracey , Walsh Robert
Published: November 2015

OBJECTIVE. We evaluated the impact of a curriculum revision that emphasized experiential use of evidence in clinical environments on occupational therapy graduates’ attitudes, perceived knowledge and skill, and use of evidence in practice.

METHODS. We used a retrospective cohort design to compare two curriculum cohorts of recent graduates exposed to different evidence-based practice (EBP) educational approaches. Responses on a validated survey of attitudes, knowledge/skill, and use of evidence in practice were compared using t tests and Mann–Whitney U tests for Cohort 1 (n = 63) and Cohort 2 (n = 62) graduates.

RESULTS. Findings suggest similar attitudes and use of evidence between cohorts; Cohort 2 reported statistically greater perceived knowledge of and skill in EBP.

CONCLUSIONS. Emphasis on experiential learning in school with reinforcement of skills in clinical learning environments is not sufficient to change graduates’ use of evidence. Although the curriculum revision improved perceived knowledge/skill, our study suggests systems or other factors may influence use after graduation.
Assessment of long-term WRF–CMAQ simulations for understanding direct aerosol effects on radiation "brightening" in the United States
Authors: Gan C.-M. , Pleim J. , Mathur R. , Hogrefe C. , Long C. N. , Xing J. , Wong D. , Gilliam R. , Wei C.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. Long-term simulations with the coupled WRF–CMAQ (Weather Research and Forecasting–Community Multi-scale Air Quality) model have been conducted to systematically investigate the changes in anthropogenic emissions of SO2 and NOx over the past 16 years (1995–2010) across the United States (US), their impacts on anthropogenic aerosol loading over North America, and subsequent impacts on regional radiation budgets. In particular, this study attempts to determine the consequences of the changes in tropospheric aerosol burden arising from substantial reductions in emissions of SO2 and NOx associated with control measures under the Clean Air Act (CAA) especially on trends in solar radiation. Extensive analyses conducted by Gan et al. (2014a) utilizing observations (e.g., SURFRAD, CASTNET, IMPROVE, and ARM) over the past 16 years (1995–2010) indicate a shortwave (SW) radiation (both all-sky and clear-sky) "brightening" in the US. The relationship of the radiation brightening trend with decreases in the aerosol burden is less apparent in the western US. One of the main reasons for this is that the emission controls under the CAA were aimed primarily at reducing pollutants in areas violating national air quality standards, most of which were located in the eastern US, while the relatively less populated areas in the western US were less polluted at the beginning of this study period. Comparisons of model results with observations of aerosol optical depth (AOD), aerosol concentration, and radiation demonstrate that the coupled WRF–CMAQ model is capable of replicating the trends well even though it tends to underestimate the AOD. In particular, the sulfate concentration predictions were well matched with the observations. The discrepancies found in the clear-sky diffuse SW radiation are likely due to several factors such as the potential increase of ice particles associated with increasing air traffic, the definition of "clear-sky" in the radiation retrieval methodology, and aerosol semi-direct and/or indirect effects which cannot be readily isolated from the observed data.
Intercomparison of 15 aerodynamic particle size spectrometers (APS 3321): uncertainties in particle sizing and number size distribution
Authors: Pfeifer S. , Müller T. , Weinhold K. , Zikova N. , Santos S. , Marinoni A. , Bischof O. F. , Kykal C. , Ries L. , Meinhardt F. , Aalto P. , Mihalopoulos N. , Wiedensohler A.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. Aerodynamic particle size spectrometers are a well-established method to measure number size distributions of coarse mode particles in the atmosphere. Quality assurance is essential for atmospheric observational aerosol networks to obtain comparable results with known uncertainties. In a laboratory study within the framework of ACTRIS (Aerosols, Clouds, and Trace gases Research Infrastructure Network), 15 aerodynamic particle size spectrometers (APS model 3321, TSI Inc., St. Paul, MN, USA) were compared with a focus on flow rates accuracy, particle sizing, and unit-to-unit variability of the particle number size distribution. Flow rate deviations were relatively small (within a few percent), while the sizing accuracy was found to be within 10 % compared to polystyrene latex (PSL) reference particles. The unit-to-unit variability in terms of the particle number size distribution during this study was within 10–20 % for particles in the range of 0.9 up to 3 μm, which is acceptable for atmospheric measurements. For particles smaller than that, the variability increased up to 60 %, probably caused by differences in the counting efficiencies of individual units. Number size distribution data for particles smaller than 0.9 μm in aerodynamic diameter should be only used with caution. For particles larger than 3 μm, the unit-to-unit variability increased as well. A possible reason is an insufficient sizing accuracy in combination with a steeply sloping particle number size distribution and the increasing uncertainty due to decreasing counting. This uncertainty of the particle number size distribution has especially to be considered if higher moments of the size distribution such as the particle volume or mass are calculated, which require the conversion of the aerodynamic diameter measured to a volume equivalent diameter. In order to perform a quantitative quality assurance, a traceable reference method for the particle number concentration in the size range 0.5–3 μm is needed.
Impedance spectra classification for determining the state of charge on a lithium iron phosphate cell using a support vector machine
Authors: Jansen P. , Vergossen D. , Renner D. , John W. , Götze J.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. An alternative method for determining the state of charge (SOC) on lithium iron phosphate cells by impedance spectra classification is given. Methods based on the electric equivalent circuit diagram (ECD), such as the Kalman Filter, the extended Kalman Filter and the state space observer, for instance, have reached their limits for this cell chemistry. The new method resigns on the open circuit voltage curve and the parameters for the electric ECD. Impedance spectra classification is implemented by a Support Vector Machine (SVM). The classes for the SVM-algorithm are represented by all the impedance spectra that correspond to the SOC (the SOC classes) for defined temperature and aging states. A divide and conquer based search algorithm on a binary search tree makes it possible to grade measured impedances using the SVM method. Statistical analysis is used to verify the concept by grading every single impedance from each impedance spectrum corresponding to the SOC by class with different magnitudes of charged error.
Analysis of the effect of different absorber materials and loading on the shielding effectiveness of a metallic enclosure
Authors: Parr S. , Karcoon H. , Dickmann S. , Rambousky R.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. Metallic rooms as part of a complex system, like a ship, are necessarily connected electromagnetically via apertures and cables to the outside. Therefore, their electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (SE) is limited by ventilation openings, cable feed-throughs and door gaps. Thus, electronic equipment inside these rooms is susceptible to outer electromagnetic threats like IEM (Intentional Electromagnetic Interference). Dielectric or magnetic absorber inside such a screened room can be used in order to prevent the SE from collapsing at the resonant frequencies. In this contribution, the effect of different available absorber materials is compared, as well as other properties like weight and workability. Furthermore, parameter variations of the absorber as well as the effect of loading in form of metallic and dielectric structures on the SE are analyzed.
Coexistence issues for a 2.4 GHz wireless audio streaming in presence of bluetooth paging and WLAN
Authors: Pfeiffer F. , Rashwan M. , Biebl E. , Napholz B.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. Nowadays, customers expect to integrate their mobile electronic devices (smartphones and laptops) in a vehicle to form a wireless network. Typically, IEEE 802.11 is used to provide a high-speed wireless local area network (WLAN) and Bluetooth is used for cable replacement applications in a wireless personal area network (PAN). In addition, Daimler uses KLEER as third wireless technology in the unlicensed (UL) 2.4 GHz-ISM-band to transmit full CD-quality digital audio. As Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11 and KLEER are operating in the same frequency band, it has to be ensured that all three technologies can be used simultaneously without interference. In this paper, we focus on the impact of Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11 as interferer in presence of a KLEER audio transmission.
Networks of high frequency inhomogeneous transmission lines
Authors: Ossevorth F. , Krauthäuser H. G. , Tkachenko S. , Nitsch J. , Rambousky R.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. It is well known from classical transmission line theory, that transmission lines can be folded into impedances and thereby used in an electrical network setting. But it is also possible to create large networks of transmission lines consisting of tubes and junctions. The tubes contain the transmission lines and the junctions consider the mutual influences of the adjacent tubes or the terminals. The calculation of the currents and voltages at the junctions can be performed with the help the BLT-equation. So far this method is not applicable for nonuniform transmission lines described in a full wave method, because the lack of a distinct voltage gives no possibility for junctions. Junctions only make sense, when the considered network offers the possibility to propagate a TEM-Mode. If this requirement is fullfilled, nonuniform transmission lines could be included in an electrical network. This approach is validated in this paper in form of numerical simulations as well as measurements.
Energy conserving coupling through small apertures in an infinite perfect conducting screen
Authors: Petzold J. , Tkachenko S. , Vick R.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. Apertures in shielding enclosures are an important issue for determining shielding efficiencies. Various mathematical procedures and theories were employed to describe the coupling between the regions connected via an aperture in a well conducting plane. Bethe's theory describes the coupling via the equivalent problem of field excited dipole moments at the location of the aperture. This approach neglects the reaction of the dipole moments on the exciting field and therefore violates energy conservation. This work emphasizes an analytical approach for coupling between half-spaces through small apertures, inspired by the so called method of small antenna, which allows an understandable generalization of Bethe's theory.
Understanding and optimizing microstrip patch antenna cross polarization radiation on element level for demanding phased array antennas in weather radar applications
Authors: Vollbracht D.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. The antenna cross polarization suppression (CPS) is of significant importance for the accurate calculation of polarimetric weather radar moments. State-of-the-art reflector antennas fulfill these requirements, but phased array antennas are changing their CPS during the main beam shift, off-broadside direction. Since the cross polarization (x-pol) of the array pattern is affected by the x-pol element factor, the single antenna element should be designed for maximum CPS, not only at broadside, but also for the complete angular electronic scan (e-scan) range of the phased array antenna main beam positions. Different methods for reducing the x-pol radiation from microstrip patch antenna elements, available from literature sources, are discussed and summarized. The potential x-pol sources from probe fed microstrip patch antennas are investigated. Due to the lack of literature references, circular and square shaped X-Band radiators are compared in their x-pol performance and the microstrip patch antenna size variation was analyzed for improved x-pol pattern. Furthermore, the most promising technique for the reduction of x-pol radiation, namely "differential feeding with two RF signals 180° out of phase", is compared to single fed patch antennas and thoroughly investigated for phased array applications with simulation results from CST MICROWAVE STUDIO (CST MWS). A new explanation for the excellent port isolation of dual linear polarized and differential fed patch antennas is given graphically. The antenna radiation pattern from single fed and differential fed microstrip patch antennas are analyzed and the shapes of the x-pol patterns are discussed with the well-known cavity model. Moreover, two new visual based electromagnetic approaches for the explanation of the x-pol generation will be given: the field line approach and the surface current distribution approach provide new insight in understanding the generation of x-pol component in microstrip patch antenna radiation patterns.
Comparison of electromagnetic solvers for antennas mounted on vehicles
Authors: Mocker M. S. L. , Hipp S. , Spinnler F. , Tazi H. , Eibert T. F.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. An electromagnetic solver comparison for various use cases of antennas mounted on vehicles is presented. For this purpose, several modeling approaches, called transient, frequency and integral solver, including the features fast resonant method and autoregressive filter, offered by CST MWS, are investigated. The solvers and methods are compared for a roof antenna itself, a simplified vehicle, a roof including a panorama window and a combination of antenna and vehicle. With these examples, the influence of different materials, data formats and parameters such as size and complexity are investigated. Also, the necessary configurations for the mesh and the solvers are described.
Ein Konzept für den energieeffizienten Betrieb von Mobilfunknetzen
Authors: Bayer N. , von Hugo D.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. Der flächendeckende Betrieb mehrerer Mobilfunknetze unterschiedlicher Technologie in einem Land sorgt aufgrund der ständigen Bereithaltung von Übertragungskapazität für Dienste mit zunehmend höherem Datenvolumenbedarf für einen erheblichen Energieverbrauch. Das Forschungsförderungsprojekt ComGreen hat sich zur Aufgabe gesetzt, durch lastadaptiven Betrieb und intelligente dynamische Rekonfiguration des Funkzugangsnetzes zur Energieeinsparung beizutragen. Konzept, Herausforderungen, ausgewählte Ergebnisse von Simulationen und prototypischem Betrieb werden ebenso wie typische Erwartungswerte des künftigen Energieverbrauchs im Mobilfunkbereich vorgestellt. Sowohl Berechnungen als auch Messungen zeigen, dass durch kontext-basierte dynamische Rekonfiguration von zellularen Funknetzen Energieeinsparungen im Bereich von 25–40 % ermöglicht werden.
Improving the range of UHF RFID transponders using solar energy harvesting under low light conditions
Authors: Ascher A. , Lehner M. , Eberhardt M. , Biebl E.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. The sensitivity of passive UHF RFID transponders (Radio Frequency Identification) is the key issue, which determines the maximum read range of an UHF RFID system. During this work the ability of improving the sensitivity using solar energy harvesting, especially for low light conditions, is shown. To use the additional energy harvested from the examined silicon and organic solar cells, the passive RFID system is changed into a semi-active one. This needs no changes on the reader hardware itself, only the used RFIC (Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit) of the transponder has to possess an additional input pin for an external supply voltage. The silicon and organic cells are evaluated and compared to each other regarding their low light performance. The different cells are examined in a shielded box, which is protected from the environmental lighting. Additionally, a demonstrator is shown, which makes the measurement of the extended read range with respect to the lighting conditions possible. If the cells are completely darkened, the sensitivity gain is ascertained using high capacity super caps. Due to the measurements an enhancement in range up to 70 % could be guaranteed even under low light conditions.
An active UHF RFID localization system for fawn saving
Authors: Eberhardt M. , Lehner M. , Ascher A. , Allwang M. , Biebl E. M.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. We present a localization concept for active UHF RFID transponders which enables mowing machine drivers to detect and localize marked fawns. The whole system design and experimental results with transponders located near the ground in random orientations in a meadow area are shown. The communication flow between reader and transponders is realized as a dynamic master-slave concept. Multiple marked fawns will be localized by processing detected transponders sequentially. With an eight-channel-receiver with integrated calibration method one can estimate the direction-of-arrival by measuring the phases of the transponder signals up to a range of 50 m in all directions. For further troubleshooting array manifolds have been measured. An additional hand-held receiver with a two-channel receiver allows a guided approaching search without endangering the fawn by the mowing machine.
The nexus of oil, conflict, and climate change vulnerability of pastoral communities in northwest Kenya
Authors: Schilling J. , Locham R. , Weinzierl T. , Vivekananda J. , Scheffran J.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. Turkana, in northwest Kenya, is the country's poorest and least developed county. Pastoralism in Turkana is well adapted to the harsh climatic conditions, but an increase in drought frequency associated with global climate change and intensifying violent conflicts between pastoral groups poses significant challenges for local communities. The conflicts are especially violent in the border region between the Turkana and the Pokot communities. In this very region significant oil reserves have recently been found. The first aim of this paper is to analyse how the oil exploration affects the communities' vulnerability to climate change. Secondly, the paper explores the risk of the oil explorations creating new conflicts or aggravating existing ones. The primary method of the study is qualitative field research supplemented with a geo-spatial analysis of conflict data. The field research was conducted in October 2013 and April 2014 in three villages with different levels of engagement with the oil exploration. At the time of the research, oil exploration was expected close to Lokwamosing, while it had recently started in the vicinity of Lopii and had been ongoing for a longer time close to Nakukulas. The findings suggest that the oil exploration increases the community's vulnerability to climate change. Further, unmet community expectations for water, employment and development pose a significant risk for violent conflict between local communities and the operating oil company. Intercommunal conflict over water and land could increase as well.
Can assimilation of crowdsourced streamflow observations in hydrological modelling improve flood prediction?
Authors: Mazzoleni M. , Verlaan M. , Alfonso L. , Monego M. , Norbiato D. , Ferri M. , Solomatine D. P.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. Monitoring stations have been used for decades to properly measure hydrological variables and better predict floods. To this end, methods to incorporate such observations into mathematical water models have also being developed, including data assimilation. Besides, in recent years, the continued technological improvement has stimulated the spread of low-cost sensors that allow for employing crowdsourced and obtain observations of hydrological variables in a more distributed way than the classic static physical sensors allow. However, such measurements have the main disadvantage to have asynchronous arrival frequency and variable accuracy. For this reason, this study aims to demonstrate how the crowdsourced streamflow observations can improve flood prediction if integrated in hydrological models. Two different types of hydrological models, applied to two case studies, are considered. Realistic (albeit synthetic) streamflow observations are used to represent crowdsourced streamflow observations in both case studies. Overall, assimilation of such observations within the hydrological model results in a significant improvement, up to 21 % (flood event 1) and 67 % (flood event 2) of the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency index, for different lead times. It is found that the accuracy of the observations influences the model results more than the actual (irregular) moments in which the streamflow observations are assimilated into the hydrological models. This study demonstrates how networks of low-cost sensors can complement traditional networks of physical sensors and improve the accuracy of flood forecasting.
A comprehensive evaluation of input data-induced uncertainty in nonpoint source pollution modeling
Authors: Chen L. , Gong Y. , Shen Z.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. Watershed models have been used extensively for quantifying nonpoint source (NPS) pollution, but few studies have been conducted on the error-transitivity from different input data sets to NPS modeling. In this paper, the effects of four input data, including rainfall, digital elevation models (DEMs), land use maps, and the amount of fertilizer, on NPS simulation were quantified and compared. A systematic input-induced uncertainty was investigated using watershed model for phosphorus load prediction. Based on the results, the rain gauge density resulted in the largest model uncertainty, followed by DEMs, whereas land use and fertilizer amount exhibited limited impacts. The mean coefficient of variation for errors in single rain gauges-, multiple gauges-, ASTER GDEM-, NFGIS DEM-, land use-, and fertilizer amount information was 0.390, 0.274, 0.186, 0.073, 0.033 and 0.005, respectively. The use of specific input information, such as key gauges, is also highlighted to achieve the required model accuracy. In this sense, these results provide valuable information to other model-based studies for the control of prediction uncertainty.