bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QUESTÕES DE GÊNERO NA ESCOLA: PERSPECTIVA DE ALUNXS DA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL SOBRE PADRÕES ESTABELECIDOS SOCIALMENTE
Authors: Marques da Silva Fernanda , Da Silva Pereira Elenise , Graboski Pinheiro Ben Hur , Fraga da Silveira Eliane
Published: September 2019

Os bolsistas do PIBID/Ulbra desenvolveram atividades com o objetivo de dissociar a percepção dos alunxs sobre hábitos ditos de menino e menina, por meio da discussão de temas relacionados a gênero na infância. O estudo foi de-senvolvido em uma escola pública com turmas da Educação Infantil, onde foram realizadas cinco atividades. Os resultados apontaram que as crianças conhecem os padrões estabelecidos socialmente, mas se mostram contrários a eles, afrman-do que cada indivíduo possui sua liberdade de expressão. Percebe-se que práti-cas diferenciadas são fundamentais no processo de aprendizagem, propiciando a abordagem de assuntos relacionados a gênero de forma interessante e natural.
AS NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS REPRODUTIVAS CONCEPTIVAS NO FEMINISMO
Authors: Schaefer Kalsing Vera Simone
Published: September 2019

Neste artigo, discuto as contribuições de algumas autoras feministas contemporâneas para o debate que envolve questões éticas, políticas, religiosas, econômicas, culturais, de gênero e de etnia que permeiam o desenvolvimento e a aplicação das Novas Tecnologias Reprodutivas conceptivas (NTRc) nas so-ciedades capitalistas contemporâneas, sobretudo no que diz respeito ao Brasil. Grande parte das teóricas feministas entende o desenvolvimento das NTRc e sua aplicação como uma questão que deva ser discutida, principalmente, con-siderando o contexto dos países pobres ou em desenvolvimento, como o Brasil. Algumas visões feministas são, inclusive, bastante críticas dessas tecnologias.
The Association between Internal Audit Operations-Related Services and Firm Operating Performance
Authors: Jiang Like , Messier William F. , Wood David A.
Published: September 2019

We examine whether operations-related services (ORS) provided by the internal audit function (IAF) bring economic benefits to firms. Using a sample constructed by matching a global internal auditor survey with public firms' data in Compustat, we find that the IAF's involvement in ORS has a significant positive association with operating performance. By decomposing ORS into traditional assessment services (e.g., operational audit) and business-oriented facilitation services (e.g., strategy consulting), we document that assessment services are prevalent whereas facilitation services are less frequent. Both types of services have a positive association with operating performance. Moreover, we find that the positive relation between ORS and operating performance is only achieved for companies that follow a defender (as opposed to a prospector) business strategy and that extensively outsourcing internal audit activities reduces the positive effect of ORS on operating performance. Overall, our findings shed light on the value added by the IAF.

JEL Classifications: M41; M42.
Preservation of Incentives Inside the Firm: A Case Study of a Quasi-Market for Cost-Based Transfer Pricing
Authors: Friis Ivar
Published: September 2019

According to organizational economists, the implementation of market-like control mechanisms, such as transfer prices, can never completely replicate the market since “the use of high-powered incentives in firms is inherently subject to corruption” (Williamson 1985, 140). This paper illustrates that this is not necessarily always so. By means of a case study, this paper illustrates that many problems that extant research claims are related to cost-based transfer prices were mitigated through an organizational design that created a quasi-market inside the firm. The paper contributes to extant research in several ways. First, it illustrates that strong incentives are somewhat preserved through an organizational design that fosters competition between product divisions. Second, the paper shows how the specific problems related to a standard variable cost transfer price were mitigated. Finally, the paper highlights the limits of the quasi-market and describes a number of problems that required central intervention.
Contract Framing, Expected Disappointment, and Effort: The Moderating Role of External Locus of Control
Authors: Majerczyk Michael , Owens Joel , Waddoups Nathan
Published: September 2019

Understanding when incentive contracts are effective is important for organizations. Prior research documents that while employees generally prefer to work under contracts that include bonuses, employees exert more effort under economically equivalent penalty contracts. One reason for this is that penalties cause employees to experience greater expected disappointment than do bonuses. This study extends prior research in this area by documenting that external locus of control (ELOC), an individual characteristic, helps explain how different employees respond to incentive contracts. We predict and find that, compared to individuals with higher ELOC, individuals with lower ELOC are less susceptible to contract frame-induced differences in expected disappointment and not as motivated by penalty contracts compared to bonus contracts. This finding extends theory on contract framing and has important implications for organizations. Our results suggest that penalty provisions are most efficacious at lower ranks in the organization where higher ELOC is more common.
Genome-Wide Association Study on the Early-Phase Insulin Response to a Liquid Mixed Meal: Results From the NEO Study
Authors: Li-Gao Ruifang , Carlotti Françoise , de Mutsert Renée , van Hylckama Vlieg Astrid , de Koning Eelco J.P. , Jukema J. Wouter , Rosendaal Frits R. , Willems van Dijk Ko , Mook-Kanamori Dennis O.
Published: September 2019

Early-phase insulin secretion is a determinant of postprandial glucose homeostasis. In this study, we aimed to identify novel genetic variants associated with the early-phase insulin response to a liquid mixed meal by a genome-wide association study using a discovery and replication design embedded in the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity (NEO) study. The early-phase insulin response was defined as the difference between the natural logarithm–transformed insulin concentrations of the postprandial state at 30 min after a meal challenge and the fasting state (Δinsulin). After Bonferroni correction, rs505922 (β: −6.5% [minor allele frequency (MAF) 0.32, P = 3.3 × 10−8]) located in the ABO gene reached genome-wide significant level (P < 5 × 10−8) and was also replicated successfully (β: −7.8% [MAF 0.32, P = 7.2 × 10−5]). The function of the ABO gene was assessed using in vitro shRNA-mediated knockdown of gene expression in the murine pancreatic β-cell line MIN6. Knocking down the ABO gene led to decreased insulin secretion in the murine pancreatic β-cell line. These data indicate that the previously identified elevated risk of type 2 diabetes for carriers of the ABO rs505922:C allele may be caused by decreased early-phase insulin secretion.
Pola Pembelajaran Multimedia (Studi Proses Pembelajaran di STAIN Purwokerto)
Authors: Rachmijati Tri , Mutijah Mutijah , Hadi Rahmini
Published: September 2019

Abstract: Multimedia learning useful for improving learning outcomes. Lecturersat STAIN Purwokerto environment also seemed to respond positively STAINPurwokerto effort that has been providing electronic media in the form of LCDprojectors in every classroom. This is evident in the use of laptops and LCD projectorsas a medium of learning in the lecture. Nevertheless, the use of laptops and LCDprojectors require caution in order not to make the learning becomes centered onthe lecturer alone. The results showed that most of the lecturers STAIN Purwokertohave used laptops and LCD in the learning process. Multimedia learning undertakenutilizing text, pictures/photos, sound, animation, and film/video. More than half of therespondents expressed consent to and support for the lectures with a laptop/computerand LCD projector or multimedia learning.Keywords: Learning, Multimedia, Laptop/Computer, SCL.

Abstrak: Pembelajaran multimedia bermanfaat bagi upaya peningkatan hasilbelajar. Dosen-dosen di lingkungan STAIN Purwokerto juga tampak meresponpositif upaya STAIN Purwokerto yang telah menyediakan media elektronik yangberupa LCD proyektor di setiap kelas. Hal tersebut terlihat pada penggunaan laptopdan LCD proyektor sebagai media pembelajaran dalam proses perkuliahan. Meskidemikian, penggunaan laptop dan LCD proyektor tersebut menuntut kehati-hatianagar tidak membuat pembelajaran yang menggunakan komputer menjadi berpusatpada dosen saja. Permasalahan yang dikaji melalui penelitian adalah: [1]Bagaimanakah pola pembelajaran multimedia oleh para dosen STAIN Purwokerto?[2] Seberapa banyak pembelajaran multimedia tersebut, dan untuk fungsi apasaja? [3] Bagaimana kesesuaian pembelajaran multimedia dengan strategipembelajaran yang semestinya dilaksanakan berdasarkan tujuan pembelajaranyang ingin dicapai? Dan [4] Bagaimana penilaian mahasiswa peserta kuliah terhadappembelajaran multimedia? Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagianbesar dosen STAIN Purwokerto telah memanfaatkan dan menggunakan laptopdan LCD dalam proses pembelajaran. Pembelajaran multimedia yang dilaksanakanmemanfaatkan teks, gambar/foto, suara, animasi, dan film/video. Lebihdari separuh responden menyatakan kesetujuan dan dukungannya terhadapperkuliahan dengan menggunakan laptop/komputer dan LCD proyektor ataupembelajaran multimedia. Selain itu, ada saran agar lebih variatif dalam menggunakanmedia dan metode pembelajaran, atau sesekali perlu belajar di luarkelas, sehingga terpaku pada materi di power point.Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran, Multimedia, Laptop/Komputer, SCL.
METODOLOGI PENGEMBANGAN LIVING HADITS DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Faza MB Abda Billah
Published: September 2019

This reserch investigates about living hadith that's created through Islamic education. Study about living hadith is a new branch prefield of hadith science. This study is still limited it self on social-empiric in society, and not to take wider on educational sphere. Islamic education that purposed to educate the nation also to build students with Islamic tenets be from al Qur'an and al Hadith that certainly always changes to new study. This study try to integrate both lines of science and also to open new study in living hadith research which usually conducted by student of Hadith Science Faculty and Education Faculty to fulfill their last task as an undergraduate, graduate or postgraduate students. Because the research of living hadith always studied about the culture with in the society, yet researcher use the literatures as object of study. Then the researcher analyze the literatures either journals of education, living hadith and social; and also books related. After that, the researcher inferred that there is a relation among social, living hadith and education. The research proved that study of living hadith that similiar to social-culture life can be developed through education. It caused by the relevance between education and the social-culture which developed in the society. Educational process included of goals, visions, missions and methods is always adopted from the condition of social-culture existing in the society. Furthermore, the study about living hadith is not only investigating the existed thing but also can be developed through Islamic education by research and development methodology.
Reforço escolar: gastos e desigualdades sociais
Authors: Gomes Candido , Mariano Fernando , Oliveira Adriana de , Barbosa Alessandro , Sousa José Hilton , Friedrich Nidolf
Published: September 2019

O reforço e o fracasso escolares coexistem como faces da mesma moeda: um sistema educacional excludente e de qualidade discutível. Assim, o reforço merece ser pesquisado, inclusive por envolver um custo a mais para a sociedade e os cidadãos. Na perspectiva de mensurar os gastos familiares com essa atividade foi realizada pesquisa exploratória com alunos do ensino médio de uma escola pública e outra particular, do Distrito Federal. Os resultados apontam diferenças significativas nos gastos com reforço escolar, conforme a dependência administrativa da escola, indicando mais um fator de desigualdade social e educacional. Ao contrário da literatura, não foi encontrada relação entre o nível de escolaridade da mãe e os gastos em reforço escolar. Assim como em Portugal, o reforço é um meio de promover o sucesso, sobretudo em exames competitivos, suprindo lacunas da escola regular.
Uma abordagem piagetiana para o planejamento do ensino de Física em cursos técnicos
Authors: Carvalho Júnior Gabriel
Published: September 2019

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a teoria dos campos conceituais de Vergnaud (1990) como instrumento para o planejamento e para a análise das atividades de intervenção didática em aulas de Física. A abordagem, com inspirações piagetianas, tem como foco a busca nos conceitos e teoremas em ação dos estudantes para a promoção de mudanças conceituais (AGUIAR, JR, 2001) e ainda em curso. Apresentamos alguns dos resultados preliminares dessa forma de intervenção didática e discutimos suas implicações na a melhoria dos índices de aprovação em Física e, conseqüentemente, na inclusão social dos estudantes.
Letramento digital nas interações on-line: análise dos fóruns de discussão do programa de formação continuada em mídias na educação
Authors: Mercado Luís Paulo , Araújo Rosana
Published: September 2019

O estudo investiga como os níveis de letramento digital interferem nas interações online em fórum de discussão, tem como objetivo descrever as características do fórum de discussão e as habilidades necessárias para interagir nestes qualitativamente. Categoriza os níveis de letramento digital em fórum de discussão, a partir do domínio de habilidades necessárias para o uso desta ferramenta de interação online. Analisa os níveis de letramento digital apresentados pelos cursistas nos fóruns desenvolvidos ao longo do Programa Mídias na Educação, os materiais de estudo dos cursistas que subsidiaram as reflexões propostas nos fóruns e os dados coletados com a aplicação de questionário com a amostra dos cursistas. O estudo indica que o letramento digital implica na composição de novos gêneros digitais e de novos eventos e práticas de letramento; que a educação online é potencializada pelo uso de ferramentas e ambientes interativos e que o fórum como espaço de interação é marcado pelo diálogo e pela aprendizagem colaborativa. A análise dos dados permite concluir que o nível de letramento digital do cursista interfere na dinâmica e na qualidade de sua interação nos fóruns de discussão, de modo que quanto maior for seu letramento digital, mais relevante serão suas intervenções.
O trabalho do professor na sala de aula: relações entre sujeitos, saberes e práticas
Authors: Fonseca Selva
Published: September 2019

Apresenta reflexões sobre resultados de pesquisas que têm como objetivos compreender e analisar os processos pelos quais os sujeitos (formadores e formandos, professores/alunos) se apropriam e reconstroem seus saberes (docentes, escolares, acadêmicos) e práticas, como a formação nos cursos de licenciatura repercute nas ações educativas, na constituição dos saberes e nas (re)configurações curriculares em diversos níveis de ensino. O foco central do texto é a análise de como se dão essas relações entre sujeitos, saberes e práticas e como elas se configuram e impactam o trabalho do professor na sala de aula.
Sexualidade e deficiência intelectual: um curso de capacitação para professores
Authors: Albuquerque Paloma , Almeida Maria
Published: September 2019

Professores da educação especial costumam enfrentar dificuldades em sala de aula com a questão da sexualidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi planejar, aplicar e avaliar um programa de intervenção (curso) para 21 professores de jovens com deficiência intelectual de uma escola especial em uma cidade do interior de São Paulo. O curso durou dois meses e teve caráter teórico e prático, com discussões, dinâmicas de grupo, atividades de role-playing e de resolução de problemas, filmes e também uma atividade prática em sala de aula. Por meio de uma avaliação sobre o curso e de entrevistas, perceberam-se algumas mudanças na forma de os professores interagirem com os alunos quando o tema era a sexualidade, além de reflexões sobre a questão e revisão de sua postura como educadores sexuais.
MATHEMATICAL SIMULATION OF KNIFE PROFILE RESISTANCE FORCE DURING FISH CUTTING
Authors: Ageev Oleg Viatcheslavovich , Naumov Vladimir Arkadievich , Fatykhov Yuri Adgamovich
Published: September 2019

The article focuses on studying the fish cutting process and modeling forces of harmful resistance. The fish muscular tissue rheological properties are described by a Maxwell-Thomson model. The conditions of constrained compression of the material across the width and the absence of constrained compression in the direction of movement of the knife are accepted. On the basis of the energy approach, the profile resistance force of the double-edged knife has been interpreted as deformational force of the friction at the macroscopic scale level, provided that the surface of the faces is smooth. The mathematical models for dimensional and dimensionless profile resistance forces of the knife without side edges have been developed. The dependence of the dimensional force on the sharpening angles, knife thickness, rheological properties and cutting speed has been established. The dependence of the dimensionless force on the dimensionless cutting speed and measure of the muscle tissue elasticity has been shown. The profile resistance forces of flat-back knife and double-edged knives have been analyzed. With sharpening angle of back edges = 5°; 10°; 20°; 50°, force maximums are 0.317; 0.306; 0.288; 0.274, respectively. When the values of instantaneous modulus of elasticity 1.5·105; 2.0·105; 2.5·105; 3.0·105 N/m2, the maximums of the specified force are 0.310; 0.411; 0.513; 0.614 N, respectively. With the values of elasticity = 4; 7; 11; 15, dimensionless force maximums of flat-back knife are 1.959; 3.166; 4.774; 6.381 and without side edges - 1.193; 1.864; 2.764; 3.663, respectively.
MODERN STATUS AND PROSPECTS OF ARTIFICIAL BREEDING OF RARE, EXTINCTING FISH SPECIES FOR CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY AND RESTORATION OF ABUNDANCE IN NATURAL WATER RESERVES OF THE ILE-BALKHASH BASIN
Authors: Zhaparova Maral Aydynkyzy , Asylbekova Saule Zhangirovna , Zharkenov Damir Kayirkeldyevich , Isbekov Kuanysh Baibulatovich , Tsoy Vyacheslav Nickolaevich
Published: September 2019

This article presents materials on the current state of the native ichthyofauna of the Ile-Balkhash basin, affected by large-scale acclimatization works. Four species of the ichthyofauna composition are listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan: spike ( Acipenser nudiventris Lovetsky, 1828), Aral barbel ( Barbus brachycephalus brachycephalus Kessler, 1872), Balkhash marinka ( Schizothorax argentatus argentatus Kessler, 1874), Balkhash perch ( Perca schrenkii Kessler, 1874). Due to the ineffectiveness of fish conservation measures, including the prohibition for catching of these fish species, which are not found anywhere except in the Ile-Balkhash basin, it is necessary to impose artificial reproduction, changes in the Fishery Rules and organization of commercial rearing. The work is based on research materials of 2001-2018 conducted in Lake Balkhash, the delta and the lower reaches of the Ile and the Tokraun. The status of spike populations ( Acipenser nudiventris Lovetsky, 1828), Aral barbel ( Barbus brachycephalus brachycephalus Kessler, 1872), Balkhash marinka ( Schizothorax argentatus argentatus Kessler, 1874) and Balkhash perch ( Perca schrenkii Kessler, 1874). The main reasons preventing the maintenance of a high number of endangered species have been established: small area of natural spawning grounds, death of fry in linmeshing fishing gear, large-scale poaching (spike); deterioration of conditions for the natural reproduction, mass mortality of young fishes in the irrigation system (Aral barbel); total elimination and food competition with pike perch (Balkhash marinka, Balkhash perch). The prospects for preservation of rare and endangered fish species have been considered, recommendations for breeding and replenishing populations of species listed in the Red Book have been given: measures for artificial reproduction and prevention of juvenile death, creating favorable conditions for fattening and reducing the pressure of trophic competition. Without taking adequate measures for reducing the anthropogenic impact on natural resources, including ichthyofauna, the number of main commercial fish species will decrease, rare species of fish will die out.
Interaction of the Russian Orthodox Church and the Soviet State in the Ryazan Region in the Period of 1958-1991
Authors: Gromov Roman Mikhaylovich ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: September 2019

The work reveals the church-state relations in the USSR from 1958 to 1991, highlights the issue of the creation and functioning of the state institution - the Council for the ROC; activities of the Commissioner for the ROC; the role of the Russian Orthodox Church in social service in the Ryazan diocese; the martyrdom of the archpastors in atheistic times, the believers' feeling transformation, regardless of the political situation. Aspects of cooperation between the church and the state on the use of temple structures are disclosed. The consecration of Archpriest Boris Skvortsov to the rank of archimandrite and bishop of Ryazan and Kasimovsky is shown. There are mentioned the consequences of the tax reform legislation towards church property, as well as parish churches and monasteries and the reform of the parish administrative structure in the 1960s, which caused a decrease in the number of rural churches and the appeal of communities to the Council on Religious Affairs. The tendencies to the establishment of an agreement – concordat between the government of the USSR and the Russian Orthodox Church during the years of perestroika are noted. The author concludes the state interest of the use of the Russian Orthodox Church in the period under review.
Apophaticism in the Context of Synergistic Anthropology
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Lebedev Daniil Sergeevich
Published: September 2019

The study examines the apophatic aspects of synergistic anthropology. The research deals with three areas of human being in a synergistic discourse: ontological, ontic, and virtual ones. Refusing to study the essence of human and shifting the emphasis to energy as an action-event are regarded as an apophatic operation. The paper shows that human ultimate states, their genesis and dynamics are the subject matter of synergistic anthropology. Determining these states, synergistic anthropology approaches the concept of an ontological boundary; overcoming it means a change in ontological status for an individual. The concept of the Extra-Source is considered as an apophatic instance. It is concluded that, from a perspective of synergistic anthropology, human is between two apophatic poles related to the ontological and ontic areas.
Demographic Losses of Yakutia During World War II: Historiography, Sources, Estimates
Authors:   North-Eastern Federal University, Sivtseva Saassylana Innokentyevna
Published: September 2019

The study provides a historiographical review of demographic losses in Yakutia during World War II. The author assesses the latest works of researchers in this regard and attempts to establish the extent of human losses on the front lines. The population of Yakutia in wartime decreased by 13.0%. More than 14.8% of the population (compared to the number of people as of January 01, 1941) had been mobilized and sent to the front, almost one in three employed people had been enlisted in the army. Total permanent front losses might be over half of all enlisted people because of the widespread mobilization at the dawn of the war when the Soviet Army suffered heavy losses. The number of missing persons was supposed to be from 13.100 to 19.800 people. Civilians were also affected. Under severe economic and domestic conditions, rural areas lost around a quarter of inhabitants. The population of Yakutia and the Soviet Union as a whole reached the pre-war level until late 1954 and early 1955 that was ten years after the end of the Great Patriotic War.
Dos nuevas subespecies de Linaria amethystea (Vent.) Hoffman. & Link en el sur de la Península Ibérica
Authors: Casimiro-Soriguer Solanas Federico , Cabezudo Artero Baltasar
Published: September 2019

ResumenSe propone una nueva combinación nomenclatural Linaria amethystea subsp. albiflora (Boiss.) Casimiro-Soriguer Solanas & Cabezudo y un nuevo taxón, L. amethystea subsp. toloxense Casimiro-Soriguer Solanas & Cabezudo. Se aclaran las relaciones de ambos taxones con el resto de subespecies de L. amethystea presentes en el sur de la Península Ibérica y se aporta una clave de identificación para todas las subespecies reconocidas en la Península Ibérica dentro del complejo de L. amethystea.Palabras clave: Linaria, taxonomía, Andalucía, Sierra de las NievesAbstractTwo new subspecies of Linaria amethystea (Vent.) Hoffmanns. & Link (Plantaginaceae) from the southern Iberian PeninsulaA new nomenclatural combination Linaria amethystea subsp. albiflora and a new taxa L. amethystea subsp. toloxense are proposed. The relationships of both taxa with the rest of subspecies of L. amethystea present in the south of the Iberian Peninsula are clarified an identification key for all the subspecies recognized in the Iberian Peninsula within the complex of L. amethystea is provided.Key words: Linaria, taxonomy, Andalusia, Sierra de las Nieves
The incidence and extraction causes of third molars among young adults in Poland
Authors: Tomaszewska Agnieszka , Sikora Mateusz
Published: September 2019

Despite many years of observation, the issue of third molars is still open for discussion. Among human teeth, third molars vary the most in number and morphology, which results from genetic changes and environmental factors affecting the evolution of the human dentition. This research aims to study various aspects of third molars in the population of young Poles, such as the incidence, time of eruption and causes of extraction in men and women. The analyses consider the socio-economic status of the respondents, including the frequency of visits to the dentist. Eight hundred students, aged 19–25 (14.4% of men and 85.6% of women) of the universities located in Wroclaw, Poland, took part in an online questionnaire survey. The incidence of third molars was smaller in the women (32.4–34.9%) than in men (47.8–56.5%) (p<0.001). For both sexes, the most frequent causes of extraction were abnormal tooth position (29.6–54.5%) and orthodontic treatment (15.5–27.3%). Both incidence and causes of extraction were related for all the examined pairs of teeth (upper–lower teeth and right–left teeth). The men (17.94–18.49 year) and women (18.42–18.83 year) did not differ in the mean age of their third molars’ eruption. The men visited the dentist less often than the women did (p<0.001). The study presents original research and confronts it with published results. Despite the limitations of an online survey, the results can contribute to more advanced research conducted on a larger scale. In particular, more detailed research is recommended for the Polish population, for which such studies are scarce.
Variation in menarcheal age of school-aged female athletes engaged in different types of sport
Authors: Tatarczuk Józef , Wandycz Artur , Malinowski Andrzej
Published: September 2019

It is widely known from the literature that the rate of physical development and sexual maturation is not only determined by genetics but is also modified by physical workload factors. Given the above, this paper aimed at comparing menarcheal age of school-aged athletes engaged in different types of sport (and their respective workloads) after controlling for physical traits such as body height and mass and slenderness ratio. The survey was conducted in 2017 in 6 sports schools in Poland’s Lubuskie Voivodeship. Body height and mass were measured and the slenderness index (body height divided by the cubic root of body weight) was used to establish body build. The age of menarche was self-reported by the study participants. In total, 232 girls aged 9–18 were included in the research, of whom 125 reported their age of menarche. The age-adjusted arithmetic means and standard deviations were calculated for the study participants’ estimates. The raw data were then transformed into standardized z-score values. The significance of differences was assessed by Mann-Whitney U test as an alternative to the t-test when a given variable was not normally distributed. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to evaluate linear relations between the workload and age at menarche. It was found that dancers, acrobats and swimmers reported the youngest menarcheal ages. Girls practising most demanding sport disciplines (in terms of strength and endurance) reported the oldest age at menarche. Girls practising more than 3 times per week had menarche later than those practising 3 times a week or less, and the difference was statistically significant. In conclusion it might be stated that the type of sport discipline has a significant effect on age of menarche. Sport disciplines involving heavier physical exertion usually delay the onset of menstruation.
Influence of Technology Process on Responsiveness of Footwear Nonwovens
Authors: Gorjanc Dunja Šajn , Bras Ana , Novak Boštjan
Published: September 2019

Nonwovens represent a part of technical textiles that are used for clothing (“cloth tech”). Nonwovens are also used in the footwear industry mainly for functional purposes, where the aesthetic properties are not of great importance. They are mainly used for support and reinforcement of footwear. All three groups of textiles are used for footwear, i.e. woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and nonwovens that are produced directly from fibres, yarns or threads mainly from chemical fibres and in a small proportion from natural fibres.

Footwear textiles need to have good mechanical properties (at compressive loading), abrasion resistance, permeability properties and heat resistance. These properties are in close connection with the nonwoven structure or composite materials.

The basic intention of the presented research was to analyse the influence of the technology process on nonwovens for footwear responsiveness. Analysed footwear nonwovens in the presented research were on one side coated but on the other side consisted of a two-layer laminate. For this purpose, two different technological processes were used (coating and lamination). The results of the presented research showed that laminated samples express higher elastic recovery at compressive loading than coated samples. The treatment does not have an important influence on elastic recovery at compressive loading. Laminated samples express higher water permeability and lower absorption of water than coated samples, even after 24 hours of treatment in distilled water and compressive loading. The treatment of specimens in distilled water for 24 hours and compressive load of 789.6 N does not have an important influence on elastic recovery at compressive loading, water vapour permeability, air permeability and absorption of analysed samples. Air permeability could not be measured on coated samples.
A Template for Enhancing the Impact of the National Academy of Sciences’ Reporting on Forensic Science
Authors: Shooter Amelia , Cooper Sarah L.
Published: September 2019

The National Academy of Sciences (NAS), established in 1863, is the United States’ leading science and technology think-tank, with an active commitment to advising government. Over the last 150 years, the NAS has, both independently and in conjunction with the federal government, investigated and reported on various issues of importance, ranging from space exploration and biosecurity, to STEM education and immigration. Due to growing concerns about particular disciplines (and specifically their application in legal proceedings), one issue the NAS has reported on between 1992 and 2009 is forensic science. Specifically, the NAS has published six reports commenting on the status of forensic science evidence in the USA, namely DNA Technology in Forensic Science (1992), The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence (1996), The Polygraph and Lie Detection (2003), Forensic Analysis: Weighing Bullet Lead Evidence (2004), Ballistic Imaging (2008), and Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward (2009). The response of stakeholders (including from political, legal, and academic spheres) to these reports has varied, ranging from shifts in practice and full acknowledgement, to considerable struggles to effectuate systemic reform. Using the different experiences of two reports – Forensic Analysis: Weighing Bullet Lead Evidence (2004) and Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward (2009) – as a vehicle, this article suggests how the NAS can strengthen the impact of its forensic science reporting, and how stakeholders can better harness the expertise of the NAS.
Achieving Portfolio Diversification through Cryptocurrencies in European Markets
Authors: Pavković Ana , Anđelinović Mihovil , Pavković Ivan
Published: September 2019

Background: Cryptocurrencies represent a specific technological innovation in financial markets that keeps getting more and more popular among investors around the world. Given the specific characteristics of the cryptocurrencies, this paper examines the possibility of their use as a diversification instrument.

Objectives: This paper examines the direction and strength of the relationship between the selected cryptocurrencies and important financial indicators on the European Union market. Since cryptocurrencies are a novelty in the financial system, the empirical literature in this area is rather scarce.

Methods/Approach: In order to assess diversification properties of cryptocurrencies for European traders, a comprehensive econometric analysis was carried out. The first part of the analysis refers to the estimation of the multivariate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model, whereas the second part focuses on wavelet transforms.

Results: Bitcoin and Ripple proved as a possible diversification instrument on most of the observed European markets since corresponding coefficients of unconditional correlation are negative.

Conclusions: The relationship between the value of the cryptocurrencies and selected indices is generally very weak and slightly negative, indicating that some cryptocurrencies can serve as a means of diversification. However, investors need to take into account the extreme volatility, exhibited in all existing cryptocurrencies.
Macroeconomic, Institutional and Bank-Specific Determinants of Non-Performing Loans in Emerging Market Economies: A Dynamic Panel Regression Analysis
Authors: Bayar Yilmaz
Published: September 2019

Banking sector is important for various macroeconomic and microeconomic variables in terms of mobilization of funds, increasing savings, and providing alternative investment instruments suited to the every person by minimizing the risk of adverse selection and moral hazard, allocating funds to most productive projects, risk diversification. Therefore, sound functioning of the banking sector is critical especially for emerging and developing countries. This study explores the macroeconomic, institutional, and bank-specific factors behind nonperforming banking loans as an indicator of banking sector functioning in emerging market economies over the 2000-2013 period by employing the system GMM dynamic panel data estimator. Results of the dynamic panel regression analysis showed that economic growth, inflation, economic freedom (institutional development), return on assets and equity, regulatory capital to risk-weighted assets, and noninterest income to total income affected nonperforming loans negatively, while unemployment, public debt, credit growth, lagged values of nonperforming loans, cost to income ratio and financial crises affected nonperforming loans positively.
Analysis of Granularity Adjustment for Regulatory Capital
Authors: Krali Mario , Gurov Andrey
Published: September 2019

The lack of portfolio granularity in terms of exposure has been shown to have important implications for the amount of a financial institution’s economic capital. Based on a numerical simulation model, we provide concrete examples of how granularity affects capital levels. We achieve this by following two simulation approaches, including a dynamic setup as a more realistic version of the analysis. We show that granularity has an indirect effect on the expected loss component. This could lead to significant changes in the competitive environment should banks consider adding a granularity adjustment to the estimated amount of capital and account for it in their pricing.
Commercial Bank Performance and Credit Risk in Albania
Authors: Kola Fatmira , Gjipali Arsena , Sula Erjon
Published: September 2019

The banking sector is a complex system composed of a large number of stakeholders that interacts in a non-simple way continuously and which plays the key role in economic development of each country. The economies of developing countries like Albania are characterized by high demand for credit due to increasing investment. The revenues are even higher when the risk is greater. Of the high related risk, crediting leads to high returns. Credit risk is one of the most important types of risk in the banking sector that affect the bank performance, as it exhibits loss probability because of the failure of debtor to fulfill its obligations to bank. In June 2016, the level of non-performing loans in Albania appears in 24.4% of total loans, representing the major obstacle to the development and performance of the banking sector in Albania.

The purpose of the estimable model outlined in this section is to capture the effects of macroeconomic, bank specific factors and Herfindahl-Hirschmann index (HHI) in the industry of bank performance. We also include a range of bank-specific variables that have been used in previous empirical studies that examine drivers of bank performance. A recent decline in revenue was observed due to higher provisioning expenses, which reduce banks’ profits. To identify factors affecting bank profitability, we have got to study those factors like bank-specific (internal) factors, industry specific and macroeconomic (external) factors. The internal factors that influence profitability are expressed in terms of efficiency, productivity, competition, concentration, soundness, safety and profitability. Industry specific factor is market concentration, while macroeconomic factors are Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Inflation Rate, and Real effective exchange rate (REER). In this paper, we will test whether lending decisions of all banks operating in Albania exhibit moral hazard. The study carried out an empirical investigation of the quantitative effect of credit risk on the performance of 16 commercial banks in Albania organized quarterly over the period of 14 years (2002-2015).
An Empirical Investigation into the Effect of Explicit Deposit Insurance and Design on the Liability Structure of Banks
Authors: Mohammad Khalil Ullah , Nishiyama Shin-Ichi
Published: September 2019

This paper provides an insight into the behaviour of the liability side of bank balance sheet in response to explicit deposit insurance. It is an empirical investigation into the choice of a rational bank maximizing its bank value in terms of deposit and non-deposit liabilities after the implementation of explicit deposit insurance. The paper tests how banks' liabilities are affected because of the safety net and its design. Banks lower their leverage ratio as a response to the explicit deposit insurance. The paper finds evidence of depositor shifting funds between the types of deposits in the bank as a result of the explicit deposit insurance. It provides evidence of the importance of setting the right coverage in order to prevent the adverse effects that deposit insurance induces. It studies how the safety net design features affect the bank liability structure. The study finds that besides the explicit deposit insurance, the bank liability structure is affected by factors like tax expense, bank size, overheads, and dividend payout.
Virulence factors and antibiotic resistance of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in eastern China
Authors: Xu Xiaojing , Sun Qing , Zhao Lixiang
Published: September 2019

Introduction

Avian pathogenicEscherichia coli (APEC) causes serious colibacillosis and significant economic losses. Data on profiles of virulence factors and antibiotic resistances among APEC strains are crucial to the control of infection. In this study, strains were isolated from eastern China, and the prevalence of virulence factors and distribution of antibiotic resistance were determined.

Material and Methods

APEC strains were isolated and characterised by PCR for O serogroups, virulence factor genes, antibiotic resistance, and phylogenetic groups.

Results

O78 was the most prevalent serogroup and type A was the most frequent phylogenetic group. ThefimH,feoB, andiron genes were the most prevalent among the isolates. All isolates were multiresistant, and all strains were resistant to ampicillin and tetracycline, which are widely used in the poultry industry in China.

Conclusion

This study provided important data on the presence of virulence genes and antibiotic resistance profiles of APEC from poultry farms in eastern China.
Job Satisfaction and Citizenship Behavior: A Mediating Effect of Organizational Commitment
Authors: Tafzal Haque A.K.M. , Uddin Md. Aftab , Easmin Rubina , Sohel Shanewaz Mahmood
Published: September 2019

Background and Purpose: Recently, job satisfaction has become a center of attention among academics, behavioral scientists, and business practitioners. Drawing on the tenet of the social exchange theory (SET) perspective and extending the conceptualization of the same, the present study aims at investigating the relationships among job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and citizenship behavior and mediation mechanism to unearth the effect of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on citizenship behavior.

Design/Methodology/Approach: Building on the positivist paradigm, we used quantitative research methodology following deductive reasoning approach. Henceforth, we have collected 210 replies from employees who have been serving Ready-made garments (RMG) sector that accounts for the highest export earning industry (84% of the total export earning) in Bangladesh. We purposively selected Chittagong Export Processing Zone, the largest export processing zone in Bangladesh, for collecting our required data. Data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics, bivariate correlation, and structural equation model (SEM) using Smart PLS 2, a second-generation regression analysis, and SPSS 20.

Results: The structural model estimates that all the direct influences are significant excepting the impact of job satisfaction on citizenship behavior. Besides, the full mediation effect of organizational commitment was found in the relationships between job satisfaction and citizenship behavior.

Conclusion: The main implication is suggesting all corporate executives for creating an environment which will make employees very committed to letting them think out of the box beyond their required formal task requirement. In addition to a longitudinal study, further research on the moderating effect of demographic factors on the above variable is attested.
Pantomim di Indonesia: Sebuah Metode Pendidikan
Authors: Iswantara Nur
Published: September 2019

The learning methods of pantomime in Indonesia in the context of national education can be designed to support character education programs scheduled by the government through formal and non-formal education channels. The purpose of this study of pantomime learning methods is to package the way of parenting in the education realm. The method used is a qualitative method and method of action. The findings of the pantomime learning method are in the form of pantomime concepts and presentation techniques that offer new ways and procedures to improve and enhance the professionalism of the ability to educate pantomimes nationally. Thus in the presentation of pantomime learning with sign language, the expression on the face and body of the culprit can be appreciated by every person, community and citizen of Indonesia and other nations.Keywords: pantomime; the professionalism of educators; character education; formal and non-formal education
Strategi Penguatan Kreativitas Seniman Ketoprak DIY dari Tahun 1999 hingga Tahun 2009
Authors: Yudiaryani Yudiaryani , Nurcahyono Wahid , Purba Sylvia Angreni
Published: September 2019

Cultural identity in ketoprak performance should depart from all cultural products themselves. Strengthening the form of ketoprak performance in the middle of the era becomes important for artists in building their creativity. The strategy was designed so that people assume that ketoprak was theirs and able to be their representation. Based on the data collected, the number of groups, performances, and ketoprak artists in DIY were as follows. The number of groups in four districts and one municipality were 497 groups. The number of ketoprak showed from 1999-2009 was 145 times. The highest number of ketoprak groups was in Kulonprogo Regency, followed by Gunungkidul Regency, Bantul Regency, Sleman Regency, and finally the Municipality. The year 2005 was a milestone in the development of ketoprak to the present. The successful renewal of ketoprak shows can be seen by the number of shows which are 113 times over five years (from 2005 to 2009), which means that there were twenty ketoprak shows every year, and every month there were two ketoprak shows. The condition was triggered by several factors as follows. First, local government awareness to determined the icon of DIY tourism as part of globalization. Second, the awareness of artists to package performances that match the demands of the times. Third, awareness of the artistic layout strategy using symbolic and supported by Tobong ketoprak tricks. Fourthly, the influence of ketoprak humor and ketoprak R&D which still uses the style of play and jokes, causes the ketoprak show to be no longer a mere political tool, but a tool and place of friendship for the citizens. Fifth, the story was no longer based on myths, chronicles and legends, but penetrated the wayang story but with a more contextual interpretation of the story with the present. By seeing the many activities of ketoprak performances in DIY it can be said if ketoprak has become an icon of culture and tourism in DIY. Ketoprak performances tread its survival was no longer a traditional art, but has become a form of modernist art. Over the past ten years, the ketoprak show has experienced quite improved conditions. The vigilance of artists and audiences must be constantly reminded. The trick was to continuing to enhance the role of government as a protector of arts and culture. The ketoprak festival must continuing to be held continuously. Improving the skills of ketoprak artists must continuing to be sharpened. Of course the friendship between Ketoprak artists must continuing to be encouraged. Government’s appreciation for ketoprak artists must be increased.Keywords: identity; ketoprak; strengthening; globalization