bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of variations carbon content on the structure of Na2MnPO4F/C cathode material
Authors: Safitri M , Zainuri M , Subhan A , Putri S S H , Putri F L V P
Published: June 2023

The research aims to identify structure of Na2MnPO4F/C as a sodium battery composite material has been successfully synthesized through solid state method with various carbon concetrations 0, 3, 5 and 7 wt% as conductive carbon. The source of carbon comes from citric acid (C6H8O7). The syntesized sample were characterized XRD, SEM-EDX, PSA and FTIR. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) results show that all of samples have formed to monoclinic structure with space group P21/n and signal linked to residual carbon in not detected. The crystal size tends to decreasing with addition of carbon concentrations. The crystal size of Na2MnPO4F with 7 wt % carbon is 137,09 nm. SEM-EDX analysis shows that the higher of carbon concentration the carbon distribution tends to be more homogeneous. Base on particle size analyzers have shown that Na2MnPO4F/C particle size is getting smaller and the particle size distribution tends to be homogeneous along with the increasing of carbon concentration. Identification of the functional group with FTIR obtained Mn-O stretching, PO4 stretching, dan C-C stretching.
Spherically Symmetric Non-Topological Solitons and Boson Stars in Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin Model
Authors: Fakhri Afif Muhammad , Anang Subagyo Bintoro
Published: June 2023

We study spherically symmetric non-topological solitons and boson stars in Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin model in 3+1 dimensional spacetime. The non-topological soliton field configuration consists of a massless complex scalar field coupled to a real scalar field with symmetry breaking potential. The complex scalar field becomes massive when the real scalar field goes to one of the degenerate vacuums. Their existence is supported by the conserved charge and the mass-energy only on certain frequency range. When gravity is taken into account, they form configuration called boson stars. The gravitational interaction influences the quantity of the conserved charge and the mass-energy of the system. We present the dependence of symmetry breaking energy scale on the solution of boson stars.
Study comparison physical properties and minerals analysis of rock magnetic in Lawu Volcanic Complex
Authors: Legowo Budi , Irfan Nawawi Muhammad , Suryanto Wiwit , Purnama Budi
Published: June 2023

This study was carried out by analysis based on geological surveys, compound composition, oxide groups, mineral types and crystallite sizes, as well as magnetic properties and magnetic susceptibility values. This measurement was carried out in the Lawu Volcanic Complex (LVC) which consists of the Old LVC and the Young LVC. Based on geological survey analysis, compound composition, mineral types, magnetic properties and magnetic susceptibility values, the Lawu volcanic complex has andesite-basalt rock types. Analysis of the composition and size of the crystallites showed that the rocks of the Young LVC were more basalt than the andesite complexes of the Old LVC.
Calculating energy capacity and capacity factors of wind energy generating in the Special Region of Yogyakarta using RETScreen Expert with variations in height
Authors: Assegaf H A , Supriyanto A , Ramelan A H
Published: June 2023

This study aims to get simulation results for the energy capacity and capacity factor of wind turbine type Wind Energy Solutions 80 kW in the Special Region of Yogyakarta at heights of 30m, 60m, and 90m. Energy capacity and capacity factors were calculated using the RETScreen Expert software simulation, beginning with gathering monthly wind speed data from the Special Region of Yogyakarta for use in simulations with height and wind turbine variations. This study indicates that wind turbine type Wind Energy Solutions 80 kW is best suited for installation in the Special Region of Yogyakarta with annual energy capacities of 42.6 MWh, 54.1 MWh, and 63.1 MWh, for heights of 30m, 60m, and 90m, respectively. Meanwhile, the capacity factors for 30m, 60m, and 90m are 6.1%, 7.7%, and 9.0%, respectively. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the wind turbine type Wind Energy Solutions 80 kW is a viable future alternative for the planned construction of a power plant in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. With the wind speed and a power capacity that is not excessively high, it is suitable as a wind turbine type for the Special Region of Yogyakarta.
Identification of Peak Ground Acceleration and hazard potency of earthquake disaster on the mainland surface of Wangi-Wangi Island, Wakatobi Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Manan A , Puspitafuri C , Pertiwi II , Chahyani R
Published: June 2023

This study combines microtremor data processed using the Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method and earthquake data. Microtremor data were obtained by filtering the waveform of ground vibration data obtained through measurements on the mainland surface of Wangi-Wangi Island in the frequency range of 0.5 to 25 Hz using a Band Pass Filter. The ground vibration data were obtained by recording signals at 47 different measurement points in a time range of 29.25 to 48.16 minutes. While the earthquake data used are sourced from 1920 to 2020. The earthquake data processed are those that meet the requirements for moment magnitude (M
w) ≥ 5.0 SR and epicenter depth (h) ≤ 45 km. The results of calculations using the Kanai’s formula show that the PGA values are in the range of 0.0463 to 0.3665g. If zoning mapping is carried out, then the hazard potency of disaster due to earthquakes based on the PGA values on the Wangi-Wangi Island area is mostly Low potential (PGA < 0.26g), only a few areas have Medium potential (0.26g ≤ PGA ≤ 0.70g), and there are no areas with High potential for earthquake threat (PGA > 0.70g).
The development of program for calculating the band gap energy of semiconductor material based on UV-Vis spectrum using delphi 7.0
Authors: Mursyalaat V. , Variani V. I. , Arsyad W. O. S. , Firihu M. Z.
Published: June 2023

The optical properties of semiconductor material are the important information for its application in solar cell. One of the parameter which influence the material optical properties is the band gap energy. The value of band gap energy can be obtained from experimental data of UV-Vis absorbance spectrum by doing three steps, i.e. curve smoothing, baseline arrangement data value and the calculation of the band gap energy using Tauc plot method embedded in the Origin software. Conventionally, these three processes are done sequentially. In this research, we developed the program for calculating the band gap energy which differ from the one usually used. In this program all the processes for curve smoothing, baseline arrangement data value and the calculation of the band gap energy are done simultaneously. For input data, we used the experimental UV-Vis absorbance spectrum of ZnO, TiO2 sensitized-Dye and Dye-N719 materials. The calculated band energy obtained by our program are 3.19 eV, 2.14 eV and 1.73 eV for ZnO, TiO2+Dye N719and Dye-N719 materials, respectively. These results are almost the same to the one obtained by conventional method i.e. 3.20 eV for ZnO, 2.10 eV for TiO2 based Dye-sensitized and 1.60 eV for Dye-N719. We also found that our program for calculating the band gap energy is more easily, user friendly and more efficient compared to the conventional method.
Annual effective dose associated with Ra-226 radioactivity in the water from several mining areas in Indonesia
Authors: Yazid M. , Bastianudin Aris , Sutresna W Gede , Putri K.N.A.
Published: June 2023

This study aims to obtain data on estimated annual radiation doses for 3 age groups of the community residing in several mining locations and control areas to be used as consideration in the management of environmental radioactivity in mining areas in general. In this study, several mining areas have been selected, including: tin mining areas in the Bangka Belitung Islands, traditional gold mining in Kuantan and Pongkor, steam-electric power plant in Pacitan and Rembang as well as control areas which are Mamuju and Lampung. The radioactivity of Ra-226 in water on all study sites were used as secondary data for calculating the estimated annual effective dose for infants, children and adults. The results of the calculation of the estimated annual effective dose showed that the highest was received by the infant age group 1-2 years at the tin mining location, namely 6.55-18.3 E-04 Sv/y, the group of children aged 7-12 years at 4.52- 9.25.E-04 Sv /year and adults 0.35-18.3.E-04 Sv/year. While the lowest was in Mamuju area, respectively for infants = 6.65.E-07, children 3.36.E-07 and adults 1.30.E-07 Sv/year. There is a significant relationship between the activity of Ra-226 in water with the annual effective dose at each study site and the highest dose for infants aged 1-2 years compared to the children and adult groups. This needs attention in environmental management in the area, especially in the setting of public residential areas.
Thermodynamic properties and superstatistics analysis of particle in the non-relativistic system under the influence of trigonometric scarf potential using Dong proper quantization
Authors: Faniandari Suci , Suparmi A , Cari C , Harjana Harjana , Kurnia Permatahati Luthfiya
Published: June 2023

There has been an intense study on the eigenvalue and eigenfunction of the nonrelativistic quantum system. The Schrodinger equation is important in the nonrelativistic quantum system that is used to analyze the quantum information of the system, so it attached the interest of the researchers to conduct the exploration on it. In most of the studies, the researchers expand the study of the solution of the Schrodinger equation to the physical properties of the system. The thermodynamical property is one of the physical properties and key to analyzing the characteristic of materials. It needs more investigation since it has the potential to form a new design of the material. In this study, the Schrodinger equation with trigonometric Scarf potential was solved using the Supersymmetry WKB quantization condition scheme, where the variable of trigonometric Scarf potential was transformed into the Poschl-Teller potential. The energy spectra were obtained by comparing the constant parameters between Trigonometric Scarf potential and Poschl-Teller potential and by using Dong proper quantization condition of transformed Supersymmetry WKB for trigonometric Scarf potential. The result shows that the energy spectra are influenced by the radial quantum number and the potential width, and the energy increase by the increase of the radial quantum number and the potential width. The thermodynamic properties of the system were obtained approximately using the energy spectra equation and were expressed in the erf function. The superstatistics mechanics was approximately obtained by using modified Delta Dirac function distribution for the Boltzmann factor. These properties are important to analyze the characteristic of the designed solids.
On decompositions of non-reversible processes
Authors: Duong M H , Zimmer J
Published: June 2023

We consider fluxes and forces in Markov chains. In physics, the concept of so-called iso-surfaces has recently been introduced. In generic cases, there are infinitely many associated iso-dissipation forces. We first show that this is due to different notions of duality, each giving rise to dual force. We then study Hamiltonians associated to variational formulations of Markov processes, and develop different decompositions for them.
Modeling the influence of the information domain on countermeasure effectiveness in case of COVID-19
Authors: Fischer T , Gerwald T , Lajos S , Woellert S , Kuttler Ch , Draeger J
Published: June 2023

A common way to model an epidemic — restricted to contagion aspects only — is a modification of the Kermack-McKendrick SIR Epidemic model (SIR model) with differential equations. (Mis-)Information about epidemics may influence the behavior of the people and thus the course of epidemics as well. We have thus coupled an extended SIR model of the COVID-19 pandemic with a compartment model of the (mis-)information-based attitude of the population towards epidemic countermeasures. The resulting combined model is checked concerning basic plausibility properties like positivity and boundedness. It is calibrated using COVID-19 data from RKI and attitude data provided by the COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) study. The values of parameters without corresponding observation data have been determined using an L2
-fit under mild additional assumptions. The predictions of the calibrated model are essentially in accordance with observations. An uncertainty analysis of the model shows, that our results are in principle stable under measurement errors. We also assessed the scale, at which specific parameters can influence the evolution of epidemics. Another result of the paper is that in a multi-domain epidemic model, the notion of controlled reproduction number has to be redefined when being used as an indicator of the future evolution of epidemics.
The role of boundary conditions for modeling the blood flow in microvessels
Authors: Kovtanyuk A E , Marushchenko E A , Lampe R
Published: June 2023

The article considers a mathematical model of blood motion in microvessels of diameter from 4 to 8 µm. The blood is considered as a fluid consisting of plasma and red blood cells (RBCs) fractions, wherein the RBCs fraction has much higher viscosity in contrast with the plasma fraction. As a numerical approach, the finite element method based on the Stokes equations with variable viscosity is applied. The adequacy of the model is assessed by comparing the numerical results and experimental (in vitro and in vivo) data. Different approaches to the construction of suitable boundary conditions are discussed and implemented.
Increasing information gain in animal research by improving statistical model accuracy
Authors: Waterkamp Ch , von Kortzfleisch V T , Neu Ch , Kitanovski S , Richter S H , Hoffmann D
Published: June 2023

Reduction of the numbers of laboratory animals is one of the three pillars of ethical animal research. Equivalently, information gain per animal should be maximized. A road towards this goal that is barely taken in current animal research is the more accurate statistical modeling of experiments. Here we show for a typical experiment (“open field test”) with outcomes that are non-normally distributed count data, how this can be implemented and what information gain is achieved. We contrast the state of the art – the use of confidence intervals based on null-hypothesis significance testing (NHST) –, with a Bayesian approach with the same underlying normal model, and a Bayesian approach with a more accurate negative binomial model. We find that the more accurate model leads to a marked improvement of knowledge gained with the experiment, especially for small sample sizes. As experimental data that violate assumptions of simple, conventional models are frequent, our findings have wider implications.
D-Mag — a laboratory for studying plasma physics and diagnostics in strong magnetic fields
Authors: Jagielski B. , Wenzel U. , Sunn Pedersen T. , Melzer A. , Pandey A. , Mackel F.
Published: June 2023

We have set up a diagnostic magnet (D-Mag) laboratory for a
wide range of applications in plasma physics. It consists of a
superconducting magnet for field strengths of up to 5.9 T. The main
purpose is to provide an experimental environment for the
development of plasma diagnostics for nuclear fusion studies and the
investigation of dusty plasmas in strong magnetic fields. We
describe in the article the setup and operation of the D-Mag. Some
applications are presented for the development of plasma
diagnostics, such as neutral pressure gauges and Langmuir probes
that have to be operated in strong magnetic fields. Among the
examples is the test of the long-pulse capability and stability of
the diagnostic pressure gauge (DPG) for the ITER device.
Unprecedented snow-drought conditions in the Italian Alps during the early 2020s
Authors: Colombo Nicola , Guyennon Nicolas , Valt Mauro , Salerno Franco , Godone Danilo , Cianfarra Paola , Freppaz Michele , Maugeri Maurizio , Manara Veronica , Acquaotta Fiorella , Petrangeli Anna Bruna , Romano Emanuele
Published: June 2023

Snow represents a fundamental water resource for mountain and lowland areas. Changes in the frequency and magnitude of snow droughts can significantly impact societies and ecosystems that rely on snowmelt to satisfy their water demands. Here we documented and quantified the snow drought that affected the Italian Alps during the early 2020s. We used 15 long-term snow-depth series (period 1930–2023, elevation range: 864–2200 m a.s.l.) to simulate the snow water equivalent (SWE), in conjunction with climatic reanalysis data and river discharge observations. We found that the March SWE anomaly in 2022 reached the lowest value in the last century, due to an unprecedented combination of drier- and warmer-than-normal conditions in the period December 2021–March 2022. This event contributed to causing critical hydrological conditions in the Po and Adige rivers which, during summer 2022, experienced the worst hydrological drought ever recorded. Despite its unprecedented magnitude, the snow drought in 2022 is part of a recent pattern of increased intensity and frequency of snow-drought events since the 1990s, due to the combined increasing occurrence of warmer- and drier-than-normal climatic conditions during the snow season. Remarkably, three out of the five most severe snow-drought events occurred in the last five years, with exceptional snow-drought conditions even occurring in the last two consecutive winters, 2022 and 2023. The snow-drought conditions that occurred in the early 2020s in the Italian Alps warn of the pressing need for the implementation of impact mitigation measures to adapt to the fast changing snow and climatic conditions.
Optical characterization of NIR spectra for chemomectric model of cocoa pod husk fermented for animal feed
Authors: Wahyudi I , Munawar A A , Yu P , Samadi S
Published: June 2023

Cocoa pods husk (CPH) fermented can be used as an alternative animal feedstuff. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been shown in order to determine the nutritional contents of CPH fermented. This study aims to assess the characteristics of the NIR raw spectra and pretreated spectra for chemomectric model. The raw spectrum pretreatments used include multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), Savitzky-Golay smoothing (SG), and first derivative (1st D) and a combination of each pretreatment, namely MSC + SG, MSC + 1st D, SG + 1st D, and MSC + SG + 1st D. The results showed that the NIR spectrum of CPH fermented had six absorption peaks associated with CPH nutrient content such as moisture (1450 and 1940 nm), lipids (1200 and 1731 nm), starch (2380 nm), and protein (2125 nm). MSC tries to eliminate the scattering and correct the differences in the baseline and trend. SG smoothing is used to remove high-frequency random noise, and peaks. 1st D can be used for baseline correction. Combination of each pretreatment, namely MSC + SG, MSC + 1st D, SG + 1st D, and MSC + SG + 1st D. The combination of pretreatment methods can reduce scattering and noise interference such as offset, dispersion, and overlap and improve smoothness. In addition, information relating to the nutritional contents of CPH was clearly highlighted. This study concludes that a combination of pretreatment methods is better at revealing hidden information and reducing noise than a specific pretreatment method. Combination of MSC + SG pretreatment in this study is considered to generate a spectrum that has good characteristics to be used in chemometric modeling due to it is able to provide information regarding the nutritional contents of CPH clearly, both for qualification and quantification.
Estimation of rumen undegradable starch from chemical composition in the feeds of ruminants
Authors: Rahmadani M , Prasetya R D D , Susanto I , Nahrowi N , Jayanegara A
Published: June 2023

In ruminant diets, rumen undegradable starch (RUS) contributes to maintaining rumen health by maximizing post-ruminal starch absorption. This present study aimed to estimate dietary RUS values from their chemical composition. The database was developed from some literature search engines and obtained 41 studies from 17 references. The chemical composition of ash, dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), acid detergent fiber (ADF), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), organic matter (OM), starch, and rumen undegradable starch (RUS) was included into the database. Pearson correlation analysis was employed in order to establish the relationship between chemical composition with RUS of feedstuff. The chemical composition with significant correlation (P<0.05) was used to estimate RUS using multiple linear regression. The RUS estimate equation was validated by calculating the root mean square error (RMSE) and plotting the RUS estimated and observed. As a result, RUS was significantly correlated with CP, NDF, ADF, and starch. The equation for estimate RUS was: RUS = 29.814 – 3.148 CP – 0.208 NDF – 0.396 ADF + 0.418 Starch. It is concluded that rumen undegradable starch (RUS) can be accurately estimated from the chemical composition of feedstuff.
A meta-analysis on the influence of essential oils on chemical composition and fermentative quality of silage
Authors: Susanto I , Rahmadani M , Wiryawan K G , Jayanegara A
Published: June 2023

Essential oils are plant secondary metabolites that have potential as antimicrobial agents. The use of essential oils as silage additives is expected to maintain feed quality and prevent the growth of spoilage microbes during ensiling. This meta-analysis study aimed to determine the effect of levels of essential oils as silage additives on chemical composition and fermentation quality during ensiling. A total of 11 journal articles consisting of 17 studies and 73 data points were tabulated with related parameters about the chemical composition, fermentation quality, and microbial analysis. The results of the analysis indicate that increasing the levels of essential oils linearly increase (p<0.01) certain chemical compositions, such as crude protein, ether extract, and water-soluble carbohydrate, and simultaneously decrease (p<0.05) the contents of NDF, ADF, ADL, and crude ash. Fermentation products such as lactic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid decreased (p<0.05) due to the additions of essential oils. Meanwhile, on the microbial parameters, it was found that the use of essential oils was able to reduce the mold population on silage (p<0.01). In conclusion, the addition of essential oils as silage additives maintained nutrient quality, decreased fiber content, and inhibited fungal growth.
Phenotypic and genetic performance of Arabica coffee seedling due to effect of genotype and urea
Authors: Malau S , Sianturi P N , Sihotang M R
Published: June 2023

Growth and production of arabica coffee are affected by seedling quality which is depends on genotype and seedling maintenance such as fertilizer Urea. Th objective of this research was to examine the effect of arabica coffee genotype and fertilizer Urea on the phenotypic and genetic performance of seedlings. The experiment was done at the greenhouse of Agriculture Faculty of Nommensen HKBP University in Medan. Seven Arabica coffee genotypes of from seven coffee garden in Subdistrict Dolok Sanggul and four level of fertilizer Urea were used. Plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, leaf area, and its ratio were observed. The result revealed that significant interaction of ratio of leaf number and stem diameter proves that the certain dosage of Urea and certain genotype and will give the higest performance. Heritabilites coefficient, advance of genetic, and genotypic coefficient of variations were low. Phenotypic coefficient of variations of were low, moderate and high. Phenotypes and phenotypic ratios correlated highly significant.
Comparation of moist heating and formaldehyde protein protection methods and their impact on dairy ration fermentability and digestibility
Authors: Rosmalia A , Kusdiana C M P , Permana I G , Evvyernie D , Despal D , Toharmat T
Published: June 2023

Improving protein efficiency has become the main target in dairy farming. The feeding strategy for high-producing cows is directed by optimizing non-protein nitrogen utilization while maintaining post-ruminal digested bypass protein. Soybean and soybean meal are protein sources with high biological value but are highly degradable, so they must be protected. This study aimed to compare the effect of moist heating and formaldehyde treatments as a method for protecting protein to increase rumen bypass protein. Parameters observed include fermentation profile (rumen pH, NH3, total VFA, protozoa, and total bacteria population) and nutrient digestibility. Treatments tested were an unprotected diet as control (C1), moist heating protected protein (C2), and formaldehyde protected protein (C3). Data were subjected to ANOVA using Randomized Block Design followed by orthogonal contrasts. The results showed that both moist heating and formaldehyde treatments (C2 and C3) reduced NH3 and total VFA concentration (p<0.05) without affecting rumen pH, protozoa, and total bacteria count (p>0.05). Dry matter and organic matter did not affect by the treatments. In conclusion, both moist heating and formaldehyde methods could be used to protect feed protein and improve bypass protein in the dairy ration.
Polymorphisms of the PLAG1 and their relationships with body measurements and carcass traits of Ongole crossbred cattle
Authors: Sukaryo S , Akmalputra M R , Romadhon S , Yanti Y , Volkandari S D , Sudrajad P , Bramastya T A , Cahyadi M
Published: June 2023

Pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1) is a member of the PLAG family which is associated with body size in various cattle breeds. This study investigated the association of PLAG1 polymorphisms to carcass traits and body measurement of Ongole crossbred (PO) cattle in Kebumen. Chest girth, body length, body height, withers height, waist height, live body weight, carcass weight, and carcass percentage were carefully measured and recorded. The DNA genome extractions were originated from blood samples that was collected via jugular vein. The extracted DNA template used to amplify two PLAG1 polymorphisms target, namely, g.48308C>T and g.32212 (19 bp indel). Identification of g.48308C>T from PLAG1 was done via PCR-RFLP technique using SacII, wherein the 19 bp indel was obtained from PCR products. One-way analysis of variance and independent sample t-test were carried out to quantify the obtained data. This present study revealed variation in both g.48308C>T SNP and 19 bp indel. Three genotypes, TT, TC, and CC, were found for g.48308C>T SNP. Whilst two genotypes DD and DI genotypes were found for 19 bp indel. Non-significant differences were found between PLAG1 polymorphisms and traits of interest observed in Kebumen PO cattle population.
Silage quality based on the physical and chemical of several napier grass varieties (Pennisetum purpureum) supplied with different levels of pollard
Authors: Umami N , Widyobroto B P , Paradhipta D H V , Solekhah Z A , Nurjanah L L
Published: June 2023

Making silage is one method for storing feed during the dry season. To preserve the ingredients for feed, silage is made by carefully controlling the fermentation of forage with a high water content. The idea behind making silage is to create anaerobic conditions in which lactic acid bacteria can grow in order to stop the decay process. Fresh fodder, such as grasses, is commonly used in silage. The goal of this study was to assess the physical and chemical properties of various types of Pennisetum purpureum sp. that had been supplemented with varying amounts of pollard. Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in 2 x 3 Factorial is the design used in this experiment. The first factor involves two kinds of Pennisetum purpureum sp., specifically Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott and Pennisetum purpureum with gamma radiation (cv. GU). The second element is the level of pollard supplementation, which consists of 0%, 3%, and 6% with 5 replications. The results were then examined for the physical qualities of the silage quality, including the silage’s color, flavor, texture, and fungus content. The silage’s detected chemical properties included pH, DM, OM, CP, CF, and EE silage. The outcomes demonstrated that silage with good physical quality was produced by the types and pollard supplementation treatments. Increased pollard supplementation levels were negatively correlated with pH (P 0.05). When pollard supplementation was increased, the levels of lactic acid, DM, and CP considerably increased linearly (P 0.05), CF and EE levels dramatically decreased (P 0.05), while OM levels did not significantly differ (P > 0.05). It was determined that adding pollard at a level of 6% and using gamma radiation on Pennisetum purpureum in combination are treatments that result in crops with a color that is similar to silage material, an acidic odor, a non-slimy texture, and no fungus.
Effect of Mineral Premix Supplementation on Intake and Digestibility of Repeat Breeder Cows
Authors: Azis I U , Agus A , Astuti A , Yusiati L M , Anas M A
Published: June 2023

Repeat breeder is a problem faced by cattle farmers in Indonesia. The highest reproductive disease commonly occurring is repeat breeder conditions reaching up to 32.76%. Limited feed conditions cause cows to have a low Body Condition Score (BCS) so that the energy utilization process in the body is not optimal and there is a decrease in BCS which causes disturbances in reproductive performance. If there is a mineral deficiency in the body, the metabolic process will be disrupted, which causes the absorption of nutrients in the body to be less optimal. Feeding cows not only increases body weight but also becomes the basis for the success of the pre-breeding phase, the pregnancy phase, the pre-calving phase and lactation. Energy, protein, fat, and mineral needs need to be met in a balanced way. The level of consumption and digestibility of feed nutrients is a benchmark in meeting nutritional needs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of mineral premix supplementation on breeder cows’ feed consumption and digestibility. This study used the definite cows, which were repeat breeders selected from several farms in Yogyakarta’s Sleman district. The feeding trial lasted for 71 days with a predetermined feed arrangement. The feed provided was forage, commercial concentrate, High Quality Feed Supplement (HQFS) and mineral premix. Then, the data was analyzed by calculating the average value, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. This study showed that mineral premix supplementation had no significant differences (p>0.05) in nutrient consumption body weight metabolites (DM, OM, CP, EE, ADF, NDF, NFE and TDN) in both treatment groups. In the nutrient digestibility of repeat breeder cows, it was found that there were significant differences in protein parameters (p<0.05), while in DM, OM, EE, NDF, NFE, and TDN, there was no significant difference in the two treatment groups. The digestibility of crude protein in the group given the mineral premix supplementation was higher than that of the group without mineral premix, P0 indicates digestibility of 35.1% and P1 is 45.1%. Consumption and digestibility are strongly influenced by the quality, quantity, and particle size of the feed given. The nutrient composition of the feed that did not differ between P0 and P1 caused consumption and digestibility to be not much different
Milk production of dairy cow at PT. Ultra Peternakan Bandung Selatan
Authors: Pramono A , Mawarni Y I , Cahyadi M
Published: June 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of body condition score (BCS), lactation length, and dry period on milk production of dairy cows at PT. Ultra Peternakan Bandung Selatan (UPBS). The research was conducted at PT. UPBS, Pengalengan, West Java, the following method used is survey method, where the data of primary and secondary data using 130 lactating dairy cows 3. Complete milk production records as variable y and BCS, lactation length, and dry period as variable x. The effect of BCS, duration of lactation, and dry period were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study discovered that each factor of BCS, lactation length and dry period duration a very significant effect (P<0,01) with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 76.2%, average milk production 7835±631,33 kg, BCS score 3,25 ±0,26; lactation length is 346±65,26 days, and dry period (R2) is 77±33,18 days. The conclusions of this study; to optimize milk production, the implementation of dairy cows maintenance needed on BCS, lactation length, and optimal dry period according to the recommendations.
The Quality of Physic and pH of Gama Umami Grass Silage Supplemented with Calliandra Leaves and Pollard
Authors: Nurjanah L L , Umami N , Kurniawati A , Hanim C , Prasetyo WB B , Paradhipta D H V , Meidiana T
Published: June 2023

This research was conducted to examine the pH value and physical quality of Gama Umami grass silage which was supplemented with legume and pollard. This study used a completely randomized design with 4 types of treatments, they were P0: GU grass 95% + calliandra 5%; P1: GU grass 90% + Calliandra leaves 10% + pollard 2.5%; P2: GU grass 80% + Calliandra leaves 20% + pollard 5%; P3 : GU grass 70% + Calliandra leaves 30% + pollard 7.5%. Each treatment was replicated 5 times. The ensilage was carried out for 21 days. The results obtained were then tested for pH and physical quality which included color, odor, texture, and the presence of fungi. The best pH results were found in P1, however, calliandra and pollard supplementation for Gama Umami grass silage had no significant effect (P<0.05). Meanwhile, in the physical quality test, P3 has better quality than the other 3 treatments. It was concluded that the supplementation of calliandra and pollard at P3 produced a physical quality of color close to silage material, sour odor, no slimy texture, and no fungus found.
Coconut farming development strategy in Bireuen Regency using hierarchy process analysis
Authors: Baihaqi A , Romano R , Hamid A H , Indra I , Kasimin S , Ulya Z , Bakar B A , Aziz A , Idawanni I , Wahyuni I
Published: June 2023

Coconut is one of the main plantation commodities cultivated on small-scale plantations. Bireuen Regency is a coconut-producing area in Aceh Province. Efforts to develop coconut farming continue to be carried out by stakeholders. This study aims to determine alternative strategies for developing coconut farming in Bireuen Regency. The data collection method used purposive sampling with a sample of coconut stakeholders consisting of elements from the government, extension workers, academics, farmer groups, traders, and industry players. The analysis model of this research uses the Analytical Hierarchy Process with the help of the Expert Choice application. The results of this study indicate that alternative strategies in developing coconut farming follow the highest - lowest weighting results obtained: first, increasing coconut production and quality (0.293); the second priority is partnership arrangements with traders and industry (0.257); the third strategy is developing farmer institutions (0.231) and, the fourth strategy for expanding access to capital (0.220).
Pathogens causing wilt diseases in patchouli plant (Pogostemon cablin Benth.): A review on symptoms, bioecology, and management
Authors: Zulfadli Z , Wasistha N I , Oktarina H , Khairan K , Sriwati R
Published: June 2023

Patchouli is the source of an essential oil known as patchouli oil and it has a pivotal contribution to the increase of national income in Indonesia. However, this plant is vulnerable to wilt disease caused by fungi, bacteria and nematodes, contributing to the losses in quality and quantity of patchouli production. This review is aimed at providing information about these destructive pathogens and their effective controls. It is explained that fungus Fusarium solani, bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum, and nematodes Pratylenchus spp. (P. brachyurus and P. coffeae), Radopholus similis and Meloidogyne spp. (M. incognita and M. hapla) have contributed to the loss of patchouli production by different symptoms appeared. F. solani attacks the plant roots, triggering root rot, necrotic and wilt, resulting in the plant’s death. R. solanacearum has colonized the stems and nematodes creating a color alteration in leaves, stunted growth, root rot and wilt during midday. These pathogenic organisms can be controlled by applying preventive measures, biocontrol agents and biopesticides.
Improving the quality of media and Robusta coffee seedlings with mycorrhizal (AMF) and rock phosphate
Authors: Afrizal A , Sufardi S , Syakur S
Published: June 2023

The quality of the nursery media is very important to producing healthy and good Robusta coffee seeds. This study aims to improve the quality of media and Robusta coffee seedlings by the application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and rock-phosphate (RP). The AMF as the first factor consisted of four levels, namely 0, 5, 10, and 15 g/polybag, while the second factor RP consisted of four levels, namely 0, 1.25, 2.50, and 3.75 g/polybag. Each treatment was repeated three times and the whole treatments were arranged according to a completely factorial randomized block design. The seedling in a nursery was planted in the polybag and placed in a screen house with 20% shade. Each polybag is contained 10 kg of Podzolic soil (Ultisols) which was collected in Keumala sub-district, Pidie, Aceh. Before being transferred to polybags, seedlings were planted on Rockwall media. After 90 days after planting (DAP), the soil was dismantled for analysis. Indicators of soil quality from the media nursery analyzed included pH, organic C, available P, and exchangeable K. The parameters of seedling growth measured were plant height, number of leaves, and mycorrhizal colonization percentage at 90 DAP. The results of the experiment showed that there was an interaction effect between mycorrhizae (AMF) and RP application. The application of AMF and RP can improve the quality of Robusta coffee seedling media, indicated by the significant effect on soil pH H2O, available P, and the number of leaves. The best combination application was generally obtained from AMF 15 g/polybag and RP 2.50 g/polybag treatment.
Bulk density and soil porosity in the Patchouli development area of Aceh Barat, Indonesia
Authors: Nisa K , Rusdi M , Indra I
Published: June 2023

Good soil physical characteristics are of great importance to the growth of patchouli plants. This study aims to examine soil conditions analyzed by soil physics in patchouli development areas in Aceh Barat Regency because it is one of the patchouli development areas in Aceh Province. The research method used is a descriptive method, namely through field surveys and laboratory analysis. In this study, we focused on two physical characteristics of soil, namely bulk density (BD) and soil porosity. Soil samples were taken purposively at 15 patchouli planting sites in three sub-districts in Aceh Barat, namely of Woyla Barat, Woyla Induk, and Sungai Mas, each representing a monoculture, multiple cropping and mixed garden system. Each site was given five points of soil samples at a depth of 0–30 cm using sample rings. The results of the analysis showed that, in general, the bulk density (BD) of the soil is included in the weight category with BD values ranging from 1.27–1.30 Mg/m3, while the porosity of the soil is classified as rather poor to rather good with values ranging from 48.46–50.77%. From the analysis of the data obtained, it shows that the entire patchouli development area in West Aceh has relatively homogeneous soil physics characteristics from the aspect of soil physics and soil constraints are found in poor conditions. Therefore, to improve soil quality, it is necessary to add ameliorant materials, especially types of organic amendments such as compost, biochar, manure, and other supporting factors.
Early detection of local inbred of rice from Aceh to drought stressusing PEG 6000
Authors: Nazirah L , Satriawan H , Fuady Z , Vinolina N S
Published: June 2023

This research was aimed to evaluate 7 local inbreds of rice from Aceh for their tolerance against drought stress through detection in their early development. The study employed a complet ely Randomized Design (CRD) Factorial comprising 2 factors: 1) inbred local rice Unsyiah Cakep (G1), Unsyiah Seumeulu (G2) and Unsyiah Mantap (G3), Sigunca (G4), Sigupai (G5), Cot Bada (G6), and Rajasa (G7) and (2) different concentrations of PEG 0, 20 and 25%. The results revealed that all variables contributed to the tolerance level of local inbred to drought stress. Local inbred Unsyiah Cakep and Unsyiah Mantap possessed longer roots longer than to her inbred. Laboratory assessment showed that there were 6 local inbred tolerant to drought stress, such as Unsyiah Cakep, Unsyiah Seumelu, Unsyiah Mantap, Sigupai, Cot Bada and Rajasa. Also, we found a susceptible inbred, Sigunca, with the application of PEG 6000 concentration of 20%.
Estimation of genetic parameters for IPB genotype chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) resistant to begomovirus in Aceh
Authors: Hafsah S , Berliana P , Nura N , Ekasari R , Firdaus F
Published: June 2023

Begomovirus is a virus that infected chili plants that could result in a big loss. Begomovirus control is more effective by using resistant varieties. Resistant chili varieties were produced by evaluating chili plants resistance against Begomovirus infection. This study aims to determine the effective parameters for the selection of chili plants resistance against Begomovirus infection and to determine the genotype of curly chili plants that are resistant to Begomovirus infection. This research was conducted at Experimental Garden 2 and Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University from November 2020 until June 2021. The planting material consisted of five genotypes, which is F10 120005-120-7-1-7-8-1-21-2, F10 120005-241-2-9-4-4-1-1, F10 120005-141-16-35-1-4-3-7, F10 120005-141-16-35-1-3-2-5, F10 120005-141-16-35-7-1-3-2 and odeng variety. This study was designed with a non-factorial randomized block design with three repetition continued with the LSD test if the analysis variance was significant. This study used data analysis using genetic variance and heritability values data. This study used the score or symptom type, disease intensity and incubation period as variables to measure chilli resistance to Begomovirus. The disease intensity variable is the most effective variable for the selection of chili resistance against Begomovirus infection based on broad-meaning heritability. Base on score or symptom type, disease intensity and incubation period variables, most resistant genotypes among the sample plant are genotypes F10 120005-120-7-1-7-8-1-21-2 and F10 120005-141-16-35-1-4-3-7 with disease intensity rate consecutively 15.88% and 13.79%.
The effect of AB mix and organic fertilizer concentration on growth and yield of two mustard varieties in a floating hydroponic system
Authors: Hayati M , Indriani D M , Rahmawati M
Published: June 2023

The Efforts to increase mustard production can be carried out by developing cultivation technics using a Floating Hydroponic System (FHS) with additional nutrients to support plant growth. This study aims to determine the best combination of AB Mix and organic fertilizer nutrient concentrations for the growth and yield of two types of mustard plant varieties using FHS hydroponics. The organic fertilizer used was POC NASA, which contains sufficient macro and micronutrients for plant production. This study was conducted at the Greenhouse in the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala from December 2021 to February 2022. The design used was a 4x2 Split Plot Design with 3 replications. Main plots (Tosaka and Nauli F1 varieties) and sub-plots (5 ml/L AB Mix+2 ml/L POC NASA, 7 ml/L AB Mix+2 ml/L POC NASA, 9 ml/L AB Mix+2 ml/L and 11 ml/L AB Mix+ 2 ml/L POC NASA). The results showed that the best mustard plant growth was found in the combination of 9 ml/L AB Mix + 2 ml/L POC NASA and the Tosaka variety. There is an interaction between the combination of treatment of nutrient concentrations of AB Mix and organic fertilizer with varieties that significantly affect fresh weight per plant. The best mustard plant yields were found in the combination of 9 ml/L AB Mix + 2 ml/L POC NASA nutrient concentration on the Nauli F1 variety.
Increasing growth and productivity of several rice varieties in new opening rice fields by using soil organic amendment
Authors: Iqbal M , Hakim L , Helmi H , Zakaria S
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of soil amendment on the growth and productivity of several varieties of rice in newly opened rice fields. This research was conducted in Montasik District, Aceh Besar District, Aceh Province from June to September 2021. A factorial randomized block design consisting of three rice varieties Inpari 42, TG/IRBB27, and Koshihikari was set up as the first factor. Whereas the second factors consist of two levels of organic amendment by using manure 20 tons ha−1 and biochar 20 tons ha−1. The results showed that the TG/IRBB27 was the best variety by producing plant height at harvest reaching 120.81 cm, the number of tillers 16.03 tillers, panicle length of 28.74 cm, grain weight per hill of 98.86 g, with yield potential reached 12.70 tons ha−1. The best soil amendment was found with Biochar 20-ton ha−1 amendment that caused an increase in the number of tillers to 14.37 tillers and yield potential reached 9.82 tons’ ha−1.
Morphometric characteristics of Limousin-Bali Crossbred Cows in Lombok Tengah Regency, West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Warman A T , Fadhilah G T , Atmoko B A , Ibrahim A , Baliarti E , Panjono P
Published: June 2023

The research was conducted to observe morphometric characteristics of Limousin-Bali crossbred cows in Lombok Tengah Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. Data were collected using purposive sampling technique with cattle measured including Bali cattle and Limousin-Bali crossbred. The material used 60 head cows which consisted of 30 head of Limousin-Bali crossbred (Limbal) cows and 30 head of Bali cows. The cows were kept in loose pens with a litter base. The feed was provided forages as well as drinking water which is freely given. The data was taken in the form of body length, withers height, chest girth, chest deep, chest width, hip height, hip width, head length, head width, and ear length. The data obtained were analyzed by an Independent sample t-test. The Limbal and Bali cows have body length, withers height, chest girth, chest deep, chest width, hip height, hip width, head length, and head width were 134.13±1.24 and 111.67±1.17 cm; 124.27±0.77 and 109.47±0.95 cm; 174.50±1.83 and 152.47±1.94 cm; 66.83±0.70 and 60.00±0.69 cm; 42.47±0.78 and 35.53±0.65 cm; 122.00±0.81 and 106.87±0.87 cm; 41.67±0.40 and 32.80±0.60 cm; 42.77±0.68 and 36.03±0.43 cm; 22.87±0.43 and 19.53±0.41 cm, respectively. All body measurements of Limbal cows were higher (P<0.05) than that of Bali cows. In conclusion, the morphometric characteristics of Limousin-Bali crossbred cows are higher than Bali cows.