bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oral Candidiasis in Patients with Hematological Diseases: Diagnosis Through Clinical and Cytopathological Exams
Authors: Pereira Fernanda Guimarães de Azevedo , Milagres Adrianna , Werneck Juliana Tristão , Marques Letícia Côgo , Picciani Bruna Lavinas Sayed , Junior Arley Silva
Published: November 2021

Background: Candidiasis is a common opportunistic infection that may interfere with oncologic patients’ prognosis, especially those with hematologic diseases. This study is the first to analyse the prevalence of oral candidiasis in onco-hematological patients by physical and oral cytopathological exams. Methods: This is a cross-sectional and observational study with a retrospective sample composed of participants hospitalized in the hematology clinic, diagnosed with hematologic diseases. All patients were submitted to an oral mucosal exam and scraps from oral mucosa were obtained. Results: Of the 62 participants, 56.5% were male, 82.3% were white, with mean age of 57 years. Lymphoma was the most common hematologic disease (24.2%). In total, 48.3% of the sample was diagnosed with oral candidiasis. Of these participants with oral candidiasis, 13 (21.0%) had clinical diagnosis, where erythematous subtype was present in all cases and pseudomembranous subtype in 12 individuals. Cytopathological analysis revealed more 17 (27.4%) cases, without oral lesion indicative of candidiasis. Conclusions: Oral candidiasis is common among patients with hematologic disease, and the cytopathological exam proved to be a useful tool, confirming clinical diagnosis of candidiasis and identifying subclinical cases. These data are of great relevance considering the possible complications that these patients may develop such as longer hospitalizations, worsening of the general condition due to candidemia and even death.
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy-silver Nanoparticle Conjugate Alleviates Anxiety-like Behaviour in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Lawal Sodiq Kolawole , Olojede Samuel Oluwaseun , Dare Ayobami , Faborode Oluwaseun Samuel , Naidu Edwin C. Stephen , Rennie Carmen Olivia , Azu Onyemaechi Okpara
Published: November 2021

Background: The inception of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has changed the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients, and their life expectancy has improved. However, neurological complications associated with chronic HAART administration has not been fully addressed. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the potential benefits of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) conjugates on the anxiogenic effects of HAART in type-2 diabetic rats. Methods: Forty-two (42) adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (250 ± 13 g) were divided into non-diabetic and diabetic groups. After induction of diabetes, non-diabetic and diabetic animals were administered either with de-ionized water (DW), HAART (98.2 mg/kg, p.o) or AgNPs +HAART (24.5 mg/kg, i. p) for 8 weeks. Thereafter, metabolic biomarkers, oxidative injury, tissue inflammation, and behavioural changes were evaluated, while the prefrontal cortex was excised for neurochemical analysis. Results: The HAART-treated diabetic rats showed a significant increase in blood glucose level, number of faecal pellets, malondialdehyde (MDA), and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β) while locomotion, reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and PFC-GFAP positive cells were significantly reduced compared with diabetic control. However, administration of AgNPs +HAART to diabetic rats significantly improved the blood glucose level, metabolic activities, SOD, GSH, PFC-GFAP positive cells while reducing MDA and anxiety-like behaviour in the open field test. Conclusion: Administration of HAART aggravates anxiety-like behaviours and promotes neurotoxic effects in the PFC of diabetic rats. However, AgNPs +HAART alleviates the 3 anxiogenic effects of HAART and preserves PFC-GFAP positive cells by reducing oxidative and neuroinflammatory injury.
A Time-Incorporated SOFA-Based Explainable Machine Learning Model for Mortality Prediction in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Liu Yang , Gao Kun , Deng Hongbin , Ling Tong , Lin Jiajia , Yu Xianqiang , Bo Xiangwei , Zhou Jing , Gao Lin , Wang Peng , Tong Zhihui , Liu Yuxiu , Shi Yinghuan , Ke Lu , Gao Yang , Li Weiqin
Published: November 2021

Background: Organ dysfunction (OD) assessment is essential in intensive care units (ICUs). However, no OD scoring system has so far considered the duration of OD, which is clinically relevant. This study aimed to develop and validate an ICU mortality prediction model based on the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, incorporating the time dimension with machine learning methods.Methods: Data from the eICU Collaborative Research Database and Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) -III were mixed for model development, and the MIMIC-IV dataset and Nanjing Jinling Hospital Surgery ICU (SICU-JL) dataset were used for external testing. Adult patients in the ICUs for more than 72 hours were deemed eligible. The total SOFA score and individual scores were calculated every 12 hours for the first three days of ICU admission. Time-dimensional variables were derived from the consecutively recorded SOFA scores and individual scores for each organ. A modified SOFA model incorporating the time dimension (T-SOFA) was stepwise constructed to predict ICU mortality using multiple machine learning algorithms. The predictive performance was assessed with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC). Also, we utilized the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) algorithm for data visualization and model explainability.Results: We extracted a total of 66,709 ICU patients from the mixed datasets for model development and 15,423 patients for validation. The T-SOFA M3 that incorporated the time dimension features and age, using the XGBoost algorithm, significantly outperformed the original SOFA scores (AUROC 0.800 95% CI [0.787-0.813] vs. 0.693 95% CI [0.678-0.709], p<0.01) in the validation set. Good prediction performance was maintained for the T-SOFA M3 in test Set A and test Set B, with AUROC of 0.803, 95% CI[0.791-0.815], and 0.830, 95%CI [0.789-0.870], respectively. Significant contributors demonstrated by the SHAP analysis included total SOFA score, Respiration-score, CNS-score, age, Cardiovascular-score, and SOFA Organ dysfunction Unalleviated Time Index.Conclusions: A SOFA-based, time-incorporated prediction model was developed and validated by machine learning algorithms, showing satisfactory predictability and medical interpretability.
Sulfate-dependant microbially induced corrosion of mild steel in the deep-sea: a 10-year microbiome study
Authors: Rajala Pauliina , Cheng Dong-Qiang , Rice Scott , Lauro Federico
Published: November 2021

Background
Metal corrosion in seawater has been extensively studied in surface and shallow waters. However, infrastructure is increasingly being installed in deep-sea environments, where extremes of temperature, salinity and high hydrostatic pressure increase the costs and logistical challenges associated with monitoring corrosion. Moreover, there is currently only a rudimentary understanding of the role of microbially induced corrosion, which has rarely been studied in the deep-sea. We report here an integrative study of the biofilms growing on the surface of corroding mooring chain links that had been deployed for 10 years at ~2 km depth and developed a model of microbially induced corrosion based on flux-balance analysis.
Methods
We used optical emission spectrometry to analyse the chemical composition of the mooring chain and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry coupled with scanning electron microscopy to identify corrosion products and ultrastructural features. The taxonomic structure of the microbiome was determined using shotgun metagenomics and was confirmed by 16S amplicon analysis and quantitative PCR of the dsrB gene. The functional capacity was further analysed by generating binned, genomic assemblies and performing flux-balance analysis on the metabolism of the dominant taxa.
Results
The surface of the chain links showed intensive and localised corrosion with structural features typical of microbially induced corrosion. The microbiome on the links differed considerably from that of the surrounding sediment, suggesting selection for specific metal-corroding biofilms dominated by sulfur-cycling bacteria. The core metabolism of the microbiome was reconstructed to generate a mechanistic model that combines biotic and abiotic corrosion. Based on this metabolic model, we propose that sulfate reduction and sulfur disproportionation might play key roles in deep-sea corrosion.
Conclusions
The corrosion rate observed was higher than what could be expected from abiotic corrosion mechanisms under these environmental conditions. High corrosion rate and the form of corrosion (deep pitting) suggest that the corrosion of the chain links was driven by both abiotic and biotic processes. We posit that the corrosion is driven by deep-sea sulfur-cycling microorganisms which may gain energy by accelerating the reaction between metallic iron and elemental sulfur. The results of this field study provide important new insights on the ecophysiology of the corrosion process in the deep sea.
Transcriptome of Visceral Adipose Tissue Identifies an Inflammation-Related ceRNA Network That Regulates Obesity
Authors: Li GanBin , Zhang Haoyu , Cao Ke , Zhai Zhiwei , Wang Zhenjun , Yang Lei , Han JiaGang
Published: November 2021

Obesity is becoming an epidemic of widespread concern, but the underlying causes remain elusive. In this study, whole transcriptome RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed differential profiles of noncoding (nc) RNAs and mRNAs in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from obese (BMI >32.5 kg/m2) and lean (BMI < 20 kg/m2) individuals, with 1920 differentially expressed (DE) genes, 1466 long noncoding (lnc)RNAs, 122 micro (mi)RNAs, and 52 circular (circ)RNAs identified. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, Gene Ontology analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed that these ncRNAs were involved in inflammation-related pathways that included cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, the tumor necrosis factor and nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathways. The results indicated a critical role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of obesity. The network interaction of lncRNA, circRNA, and miRNA revealed a competing endogenous (ce)RNA network that was associated with inflammation. The ceRNA network included circORC5/miR-197-5p/TNFRSF10D and circNTRK2/miR-760/LAT, which were dysregulated in obese patients. Notably, the overexpression of TNFRSF10D and LAT were significantly positively associated with body weight in obese patients. In conclusion, this whole transcriptome study provided a pool of data that will be useful for identifying biomarkers of obesity and identified an obesity-associated ceRNA network that is regulated by circORC5 and circNTRK2.
Quercetin Alleviates Demyelination to Mitigate Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Through Promoting Microglia M2 Polarization in Mice with Vascular Dementia
Authors: Tan Zihu , Yang Guang , Qiu Jing , Yan Wenjing , Liu Yu , Ma Zhengling , Li Jia , Liu Jing , Shan Nan
Published: November 2021

Cerebral hypoperfusion plays a pivotal role in the ictus and development of vascular dementia (VaD) with neuropsychiatric symptoms. To date, few pharmacological interventions for neuropsychiatric symptoms are available in the VaD patients with neuropsychiatric impairments. Here, our results demonstrated that the extent of demyelination was dramatically deteriorated and the thickness of myelin sheath were evidently decreased in the presence of cerebral hypoperfusion, whereas Quercetin possessed the potential of abrogating these effects at least in part, then relieving anxiety and depression-like behavior when mice exposed to bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS)/chronic restraint stress (CRS). The underlying mechanism was that Quercetin facilitated microglia transformation into M2 phenotype, which expedited secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10), and in turn decreased production of pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-1β), thereafter enhancing the microglial engulfment ability of myelin fragments in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, the results demonstrated that that Quercetin facilitated microglia transition into M2 phenotype to reduce demyelination in ventral hippocampus (vHIP), thereafter mitigating neuropsychiatric deficits (including anxiety and depression). The present research broadens the therapeutic scope of Quercetin in central nervous system (CNS) disorders with presence of white matter damage and/or the insufficient activation of M2 microglia, particularly for vascular dementia with/without neuropsychiatric symptoms.
Heterologous production of glycine betaine using Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803-based chassis lacking native compatible solutes
Authors: Ferreira Eunice A. , Pacheco Catarina C. , Rodrigues João , Pinto Filipe , Lamosa Pedro , Fuente David , Urchueguía Javier , Tamagnini Paula
Published: November 2021

Background: Among compatible solutes, glycine betaine has various applications in the fields of nutrition, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Currently, this compound can be extracted from sugar beet plants or obtained by chemical synthesis, resulting in low yields or high carbon footprint, respectively. Hence, in this work we aimed at exploring the production of glycine betaine using the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 as a photoautotrophic chassis. Results: Synechocystis mutants lacking the native compatible solutes sucrose or/and glucosylglycerol - ∆ sps , ∆ ggpS and ∆ sps ∆ ggpS - were generated and characterized. Under salt stress conditions, the growth was impaired and accumulation of glycogen decreased by ~50% whereas the production of compatible solutes and extracellular polymeric substances (capsular and released ones) increased with salinity. These mutants were used as chassis for the implementation of a synthetic device based on the metabolic pathway described for the halophilic cyanobacterium Aphanothece halophytica for the production of the compatible solute glycine betaine. Transcription of ORFs comprising the device was shown to be stable and insulated from Synechocystis’ native regulatory network. The production of glycine betaine was successfully obtained in all chassis tested, and was shown to increase with salinity. The introduction of the glycine betaine synthetic device into the ∆ ggpS background improved its growth and enabled survival under 5% NaCl, which was not observed in the absence of the device. The maximum glycine betaine production was 64.29 µmol/gDW (1.89 µmol/mg protein) that was reached in the ∆ ggpS chassis grown under 3% NaCl. Conclusions: Taking into consideration the heterologous production of glycine betaine by our Synechocystis ∆ ggpS chassis under seawater-like salinity, and the identification of main key players involved in the carbon fluxes, this work paves the way for a feasible production of this/or other compatible solutes, using optimized Synechocystis chassis in a pilot-scale.
Treatment of Persistent Post-Traumatic Headache with the Anti-CGRP Receptor Antibody Erenumab: A Case Report
Authors: Papenhoff Mike , Dudda Marcel
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has only recently emerged as a potential target in posttraumatic headache. To our knowledge this is the first description of a patient with persistent posttraumatic headache following severe traumatic head injury who has been treated with the CGRP-receptor-monoclonal antibody erenumab.Case presentation: A 56-year-old man presented with a 30-year history of frequent migraine-like posttraumatic headaches following a high-voltage head injury that he treated with an excessive intake of peripheral analgesics. Although amitriptyline was reasonably effective, it had to be discontinued when the patient developed restless legs syndrome in the second year of treatment. Under therapy with erenumab he achieved a rapid and stable reduction in his symptoms down to only 2–3 headache days per month without adverse events.Conclusions: This case demonstrates that the inhibition of the CGRP-receptor with erenumab could be an effective treatment option in migraine-like post-traumatic headache even decades after the traumatic event.
Mental health resilience in offspring of depressed parents: a systematic literature review protocol
Authors: Padaigaitė Eglė , Maruyama Jessica Mayumi , Hammerton Gemma , Rice Frances , Collishaw Stephan
Published: November 2021

Background

Parental depression is associated with a range of mental health conditions and other difficulties in the offspring. Nevertheless, about one in five offspring exposed to parental depression do not develop mental health problems, indicating the presence of protective factors that may buffer parental depression-related risk effects. However, evidence of protective factors that might explain good sustained mental health in offspring of depressed parents is limited and systematic synthesis of these factors is still needed. Therefore, as far as we are aware, this will be the first systematic review that will define mental health resilience in the parental depression context and identify parental/ caregivers’, child, family, and social factors associated with mental health resilience in offspring exposed to parental depression. As a secondary aim, evidence for sex-, developmental stage-, and outcome domain-specific factors associated with mental health resilience will also be examined.
Methods

A two-step search strategy will be performed. Electronic searches will be performed for articles published up to March 2021 in PsycINFO, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, and Cochrane Library. Additional articles will be identified by manually screening the references and citations of included studies. Two reviewers will independently screen titles, abstracts and full texts of articles against pre-determined eligibility criteria, extract data and perform risk of bias assessments. Reviewers will be blinded to the other’s decisions, and discrepancies between reviewers will be resolved during consensus meetings with a senior researcher. Results will be narratively synthesised to address primary and secondary aims.
Discussion

This systematic review will provide a comprehensive overview of protective factors associated with mental health resilience in offspring exposed to parental depression. Results will help better understand mental health resilience and factors associated with it and identify future research directions. The findings are also expected to identify targets for evidence-based prevention and intervention strategies for those in need.
Systematic review registration:

This systematic review has been registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, CRD42021229955).
Applying the Lexicographic Maximum Solution of Min-Product Fuzzy Relational Inequalities for Finding the Optimal Pricing with a Fixed Priority in a Supply Chain System
Authors: Wu Yan-Kuen , Wen Ching-Feng , Hsu Yuan-Teng , Wang Ming-Xian
Published: November 2021

Fuzzy relational inequalities composed by the min-product operation are established to model the optimal pricing with fixed priority in a single product supply chain system. The solution algorithm has been proposed for solving such an optimization problem and finding the optimal solution (is called lexicographic maximum solution). In this study, a novel approach is proposed to finding the optimal pricing with fixed priority in a single product supply chain system. This approach is based on new properties of solution set in a min-product fuzzy relational inequality. These new properties allow us directly determine the optimal value of variable without many duplicate checks in the solution procedure. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the procedure.
Assessment of Long-term Groundwater Use Increase and Forest Growth Impact on Watershed Hydrology
Authors: Kim Wonjin , Kim Seongjoon , Kim Jinuk , Lee Jiwan , Woo Soyoung , Kim Sehoon
Published: November 2021

This study used Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to investigate the impacts of groundwater use increase and forest growth on the watershed hydrology of Geum River basin (9,645.5 km2), South Korea. Groundwater use increase and forest growth data from 1976 to 2015 were prepared in 10-year interval and were reflected to SWAT corresponding to each decade. SWAT was calibrated in the aspect of evapotranspiration, soil moisture, and streamflow using the observation data. The model performance for streamflow was evaluated by coefficient of determination (R2), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), root mean square error (RMSE), and percent bias (PBIAS). The calibration achieved the average R2 value of 0.73 ~ 0.82, NSE value of 0.75 ~ 0.81, RMSE value of 0.53 ~ 2.35 mm/day, and PBIAS value of -2.51 ~ + 11.74%, respectively. The model performance for evapotranspiration and soil moisture was evaluated by R2. The calibration result of evapotranspiration and soil moisture achieved average R2 value of 0.45 and 0.44, respectively. The calibrated model evaluated the impact of two factors on watershed hydrology. Decadal increase of groundwater use has decreased groundwater flow and increased groundwater recharge while decadal forest growth has mainly increased evapotranspiration that led to the decrease of other hydrological components. Resultingly, the change of two factors have imposed temporal decrease of total runoff on the watershed while the influence of two factors on annual streamflow loss was bigger in lower flow rate.
The Relationship Between Spiritual Health With The Levels of Anxiety And Depression Among Cancer Patients
Authors: Tehrani Mohammad Ali Hossein , Yadollahpour Mohammad Hadi , Sadeghi Mohsen Vakili , Hamidia Angela
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Spiritual health is one of the dimensions of health associated with physical, social, and mental health. It can play an essential role in coping with stressful disease-related conditions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between spiritual health and the level of anxiety and depression among cancer patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 200 cancer patients were referred to a tertiary hospital in Iran. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Spiritual Well Being Scale questionnaires were provided to the patients. Results: The mean score of spiritual health was 76.61±20.007 in cancer patients, which was considered moderate. The relationship between spiritual health and anxiety and between spiritual health and depression was significant. According to the Pearson correlation coefficient, the relationship between spiritual health and anxiety (r=-0.838) and depression (r=-0.834) was inverse. Furthermore, the relationship between spiritual health and anxiety (P<0.001) (r=-0.832) and depression (P<0.001) (r=-0.842) and the relationship between existential health and anxiety (P<0.001) (r=-0.830) and depression (P<0.001) (r=-0.813) were significant and inverse. Conclusion: The present study showed that spiritual health positively reduces anxiety and depression in cancer patients, promotes mental health, and accelerates and improves the disease.
In vitro regeneration of Piper longum L. and comparative RP-HPLC analysis of piperine production of in vitro and in vivo grown plants
Authors: Chatterjee Mousumi , Chatterjee Sabyasachi , Chandra Indrani
Published: November 2021

Piper longum L. is a well known spice plant belonging to the family Piperaceae with high pharmacognosy potential, but it is becoming threatened due to overexploitation. Thus, this investigation aims to standardize a cost effective protocol for in vitro propagation of this economically important plant. Internodal segments were used as explant for callogenesis in Murashige and Skoog medium with 3% sucrose and 0.8% agar, with NAA or 2,4 D. Optimum callus induction was observed in MS medium with 5.0 mg/L NAA. Calli were subcultured on shoot regeneration media containing different concentrations of cytokinin (KIN/BAP) along with 0.1mg/L NAA. Best shoot regeneration was obtained on MS media supplemented with 2.0 mg/L KIN and 0.1mg/L NAA. Induced shoots were rooted in either NAA or IBA and highest rooting was induced in MS medium enriched with 0.5 mg/L NAA. Rooted plantlets were acclimatized and 88% of hardened plants survived. Field emission scanning electron microscopic (FE-SEM) showed that regeneration from callus had occurred by somatic embryogenesis. A comparative study on identification and quantification of piperine ( the chief alkaloid of the cultivar) were done from root and fruit of both in vitro and in vivo grown plants through Reverse Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) method. I n vitro grown fruit was found to have the maximum amount of piperine.
Optimal Division of Molecules Into Training And Test Sets With A New Tool To Predict Pharmacophore In 3D-QSAR
Authors: Tokat Tuğba Alp , Türkmenoğlu Burçin , Güzel Yahya
Published: November 2021

According to the descriptors in the pharmacophore model, dividing molecules into training and test sets serves to create a good model. It is difficult to track the Local Reactive Descriptor (LRD) effect of the pharmacophore at each interaction point in the 3D metric system. A subset of clusters of atoms can correspond to all or part of the pharmacophore structure. In this study, the multidimensional system of the subset was reduced to a one-dimensional index and the Vector Fingerprint Functions (VFF) of the molecules were created. Models were established by dividing molecules with close and similar VFFs into training and test sets. Sub-clusters were examined for all molecules by applying the Genetic Algorithm (GA). The model was predicted using the Leave One Out-Cross Validation (LOO-CV) method and verified with an external test set. The statistical results of the model obtained according to the division in the new method we developed (Q2 = 0.604 and R2 = 0.760 for training-80 and external test-20 sets, respectively) were compared with random and manual division results.
The Mirror Reversal Mechanism on Black Hole Collapse and Singularity Eruption in Cosmic Continuum
Authors: Wang Xijia
Published: November 2021

In the Big Bang Theory and the Black Hole Theory, the existing laws of physics all fail atthe singularity, and the singularity has become a blind spot in the existing scientific theories. In Cosmiccontinuum, the cosmic system collapse into a Schwarzschild black hole under the action of a stronggravitational field, and the Planck spheres at the center of the black hole continues to collapse into darkmass bodies, forming dark celestial body and singularity. The Schwarzschild radius is the upper limit ofa black hole, and the Planck sphere is the lower limit of a black hole. The singularity is the conversionpoint between the old and new cosmic systems. The singularity erupts the Planck spheres under theaction of a strong gravitational field, and the Planck spheres expands outward to form a new cosmicsystem. The Planck sphere is both the end of the old cosmic system and the starting point of the newcosmic system. The black hole collapse and the singularity eruption are mirror images of each other.The Planck sphere is the front of the mirror, and the singularity is the back of the mirror.
Ethanol/Water Separation by Linda Type A Membrane
Authors: Zheng Zhuoqi , Li Yan
Published: November 2021

Ethanol / Water Separation Technology is a long term research. LTA molecular sieve, which is an industrially important desiccant as a kind of zeolite molecular sieve. It is always used in the reverse osmosis method, which is one of the sea water desalination, and extraction of industrial ethanol method in the world. Membrane separation technology is widely used in cell science[1, 2], human science[1, 2], microbial science[3], military industry, battery technology[4, 5] and so on. With 2 years invention and attempts, prototype membrane is finished and the filtered data has also been measured in different side, such as Linda Type A(LTA) making temperature, raw material ratio of membrane preparation and filter curves. The physicochemical analysis of the samples before and after filtration was carried out. The manbrane filtration losses are very low and can be used with food grade filtration
Effect of COVID-19 Vaccination on Seizures in Patients With Epilepsy: a Multicenter, Retrospective Study
Authors: Fang Xiqin , Qiao Shan , Zhang Ranran , Yang Tingting , Wang Zhihao , Kong Qingxia , Sun Meihua , Geng Jianhong , Fang Chunyan , Chen Yanxiu , Sun Yanping , Zhang Dongmei , Qu Lixin , Shang Wei , Wang Jianguo , Liu Xuewu
Published: November 2021

Background: Previous study have shown that seizures may occur as a result of vaccination. This study aimed to evaluate the risk and correlative factors of seizures in patients with epilepsy (PWE) after being vaccinated with COVID-19 and to provide reference opinions for PWE to receive COVID-19 vaccine.Methods: We retrospectively enrolled PWE patients who were vaccinated against COVID-19 in the epilepsy centers of nine hospitals in China. The binary logistic regression analysis included variables with a P-value less than 0.1 in the univariate analysis.Results: The study included 290 patients, of which 40 (13.8%) developed seizures within 14 days after vaccination, whereas 250 (86.2%) remained seizure-free. The binary logistic regression analysis revealed statistical significance in seizures within three months before vaccination (P<0.001, OR=10.121, 95% CI: 4.301-23.816) and withdrawal or reduction of anti-seizures medications (ASM) during the peri-vaccination period (P=0.027, OR=4.452, 95% CI: 1.182-16.768). In addition, 32 of 33 patients (97.0%) who were seizure-free within three months before vaccination and had normal EEG results before vaccination did not have any seizures within 14 days following vaccination.Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 may induce epilepsy through an inflammatory cascade. It is recommended to provide the COVID-19 vaccine to seizure-free patients for at least three months before vaccination, and the vaccination is safer if EEG result is normal. During peri-vaccination period, all PWE should be prohibited from reducing ASM dosage. PWE with well-controlled seizures who have discontinued ASM might consider resuming ASM during the peri-vaccination period if their EEG results are aberrant.
Neuroprotective Effects of Microfluidic Encapsulated Induced Conjunctival Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through Autophagy Modulation in a Parkinsonian Model
Authors: Mostafavi Hossein , Forouzandeh Meysam , Bigdeli Mohammad Reza , Nadri Samad , Eskandari Mehdi
Published: November 2021

Background and Aim: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder in which cause is attributed to the alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) accumulation due to the decreases rated of autophagy. According to recent studies, cell therapy has been attracted much attention for PD treatment. Due to the many advantages mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have proposed, they have been considered a valuable resource for PD cell therapy. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of Conjunctival MSCs (CJ-MSCs) on the autophagy manner and the expression of Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), TH, and α-Syn in the parkinsonian rat model.Materials and Methods: our investigation has been performed using the Parkinson's model of rats. Stereotaxic 6-hydroxy dopamine (6-OHDA) was injected directly into the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) to induce Parkinson's disease. An apomorphine-induced rotation test was used to confirm the model establishment. CJ-MSCs were encapsulated in alginate microgel using a microfluidic system. The green fluorescent protein (GFP) labeled CJ-MSCs both encapsulated and free cells were transplanted into the rats' right striatum. Behavioral and molecular analyses have been carried out to evaluate the potency of CJ-MSCs (both encapsulated and free cells) on PD rats. The Rotation, Rotarod Open field test was recruited as the behavioral tests. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) has been performed for investigating the α-Syn and mTOR gene expression.Results: Our obtained results indicated that transplantation of CJ-MSCs leads to a decrease in the number of rotations while raising the balance and motor abilities. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed an increase in the number of TH+ cells compared to the control group. The gene expression evaluation showed a significant reduction in mTOR and α-Syn mRNA levels than the control group. Our results also represented a significant difference between rats receiving encapsulated CJ-MSCs compared to the group received free CJ-MSCs.Conclusion: It seems that CJ-MSCs can promote the degradation of intracellular α-Syn by reducing mTOR and thus increase TH expression that led improve the motor functions of rats. Our results indicated the CJ-MSCs as a suitable source of MSCs to reduce PD complications.
Morphine and Dexamethasone Incorporated Cocktail Regimen Efficiently Reduced Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Gong Jian , Li Yuancheng , Liu Shi , XU Cui , Gong Ying
Published: November 2021

Purpose: The present study was conducted to evaluate the pain-reducing efficacy and safety of the morphine and dexamethasone incorporated cocktail regimen in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA).Methods: The current study enrolled 75 patients and randomized them into three groups. The patients in group I were injected with morphine, dexamethasone, bupivacaine, flurbiprofen axetil, and normal saline. Patients assigned to group II were injected with dexamethasone, bupivacaine, flurbiprofen axetil, and normal saline. Patients in group III were given bupivacaine, flurbiprofen axetil, and normal saline. The visual analog scale (VAS) score and active and passive range of movement (ROM) were recorded and evaluated to compare the pain-controlling efficiency. The side effects of headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, wound leakage, and wound infection were monitored.Results: The patients in group I had the lowest VAS, and highest active ROM and passive ROM. The VAS reduced from day 1 to day 4, and the ROM increased conversely. The patients in group II presented a smaller reduction in VAS and a smaller increase in ROM, compared to the patients in Group III. The side effects of headache, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting were not recorded. Wound leakage was observed from 4 patients in group I (2 patients) and group II (2 patients). The was no statistical intergroup difference (p = 0.85). No wound infection symptoms were detected.Conclusions: Morphine and dexamethasone incorporated cocktail regimen efficiently reduced postoperative pain in patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty.Trial registration: Drug clinical trial registration system, CTR20181569. Registered 20 October 2018, http://www.chinadrugtrials.org.cn/clinicaltrials
Association Between Neck Circumference And Metabolic Syndrome In Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Liu Chang , Mu Liangshan , Ding Lin , Yang Haiyan , Chen Zimiao
Published: November 2021

Objective: To explore the correlation of neck circumference (NC) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and metabolic risk factors, and assess the predictive value of NC for MetS in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Methods: This is a cross-sectional study recruited 633 women diagnosed with PCOS from January 2018 to June 2021. Anthropometric parameters, neck circumference, blood pressure, reproductive hormones, glycemic and lipid profile were measured in all subjects. The definition of MetS adopted in this study was the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria.Results: Of the 633 subjects, MetS was diagnosed in 177 women (28.0%). PCOS women with larger NC had significantly greater values of body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), homeostasis model assessment of β cell function (HOMA-β), triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The prevalence of MetS, hypertention, obesity, central obesity, hyperglycemia and dyslipidaemia was also significantly higher in women with larger NC. Additionally, logistic regression analysis showed that women in the highest quartile of NC had the highest prevalence of MetS (RR=7.14, 95%CI: 1.82-28.01) after adjusting for confounding factors. Furthermore, NC was able to identify MetS in women with PCOS and the optimal cutoff points were 33.0 cm (Youden index = 0.44). The area under the curve (AUC) in predicting MetS by NC was 0.813，which was significantly larger than HC while comparable with BMI and WHR.Conclusions: Neck circumference was positively and independently correlated with the prevalence of MetS and showed a good predictive ability in women with PCOS. Therefore, NC could be recommended as a simple, stable and highly reproducible measuring method in the routine clinical assessment and long-term management of women with PCOS to screen those at high risk of MetS.
The Role of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Pelvic Floor 3D-Ultrasound Markers at the Second and Third Trimester of Pregnancy Predicting 6-18 Months Postpartum Urinary Incontinence: Preliminary Results From a Prospective Cohort
Authors: Filho Carlos Izaias Sartorão , Pinheiro Fabiane Affonso , Takano Luiz , Shetty Raghavendra Hallur Lakshmana , Nunes Sthefanie K. , Magyori Adriely Bittencourt Morgenstern , Magalhães Claudia G. , Junginger Baerbel , Bella Zsuzsanna Ilona Katalin de Jármy Di , Calderon Iracema M P , Barbosa Angélica M P , Rudge Marilza Vieira Cunha
Published: November 2021

Background
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and long-term urinary incontinence (UI) have a severe impact on women's health. New methods to identify pregnant predictor risk factors of UI are needed. Our study investigated clinical and pelvic floor 3D-ultrasound markers in pregnant women at the second and third trimesters to predict 6-18 months postpartum UI.
Methods
This ongoing prospective cohort study included one hundred five nulliparous pregnant women with universal GDM screening and diagnosis, treated with nutritional and healthy lifestyle intervention. Pelvic floor 3DUltrasound was performed at the second and third trimesters of gestation. Clinical and pelvic floor 3DUltrasound biometry were collected. The ICIQ-SF and ISI questionnaires for UI were applied in the third trimester and 6-18 months postpartum. We performed univariate analysis (P<.20) to extract risk factors variables and multivariate logistic regression analysis (P<.05) to obtain the adjusted relative ratio for 6-18 months postpartum UI.
Results
In a preliminary result, a total of 93 participants concluded the follow-up. Using the variables obtained by the univariate analysis and after the adjustments for potential confounders, logistic regression analysis revealed that Gestational Diabetes Mellitus exposure was a strong and independent risk factor for 6-18 months postpartum UI (Adjusted RR 8.088; 95%CI 1.17-55.87; P:.034). In addition, higher hiatal area distension at rest from the second to the third trimester was negatively correlated with 6-18 months postpartum UI (Adjusted RR 0.966; 95%CI 0.93-0.99; P: .023).
Conclusion
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus was positively correlated with 6-18 months postpartum UI, and a higher hiatal area distension was negatively correlated with 6-18 months postpartum UI development.
Trial registration:
Regulatory approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (number 1.716.895) by “Botucatu Medical School of São Paulo State University (Unesp)” Ethics Committee.
Impact of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia on Early Life Respiratory Morbidity in Children With Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Shin Jeong Eun , Jang Haerin , Han Jungho , Park Junsik , Kim Soo Yeon , Kim Yoon Hee , Eun Ho Seon , Lee Soon Min , Park Kook In , Sohn Myung Hyun , Park Min Soo , Kim Kyung Won
Published: November 2021

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) can cause respiratory morbidity beyond the neonatal period. We aimed to analyze the influence of BPD on childhood lower respiratory illness (LRI) and asthma among patients diagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). This case–control study analyzed data between 2002 and 2015 from a nationwide database. We included 55,066 children with RDS. Two-year LRI and asthma at ages 3 and 5 were assessed. Readmission for LRIs within 2 years of birth occurred in 53.9% and 37.9% of the BPD (n=9,470) and non-BPD (n=45,596) cases, respectively. In the BDP group, the median number of hospitalizations, mechanical ventilation and oxygen use rates were significantly higher, while the hospitalization duration was significantly longer (P<0.001 for all). The relative risk of BPD was 1.42 (1.39–1.45) on total readmission and 6.53 (5.96–7.15) on intensive care unit readmission. Asthma prevalences were significantly higher in BPD group (57.6% vs. 48.9% at age 3 and 44.3% vs. 38.2% at age 5, P<0.001). In children with RDS, BPD could affect repetitive and worse LRI as an independent risk factor for respiratory morbidity during the first 2 years of life. BPD may also be a crucial risk factor for asthma in preschoolers.
Conhecimento das puérperas sobre a triagem neonatal
Authors: Cunha Beatriz Gabriela Ferreira da Silva , Ferreira Larissa Brazolotto
Published: November 2021

Introdução: A palavra triagem significa separar, escolher, e em saúde pública, consiste em separar uma certa população em dois grupos, sendo um constituído por aqueles com uma determinada patologia, e outro por aqueles que não à possuem. A triagem neonatal é uma ação preventiva, realizada através de exames feitos nos recém-nascidos, que permite realizar diagnóstico de diversas doenças, a tempo de interferir em seu curso. Através do tratamento precoce, visando a diminuição ou eliminação de sequelas. Objetivo: Foi verificar o nível de conhecimento das puérperas sobre a triagem neonatal, se elas receberam informações acerca dos exames que devem ser realizados no recém-nascido, doenças diagnosticadas e período de realização. Casuística e Métodos: Tratou-se de uma pesquisa de campo, de caráter exploratório, com delineamento transversal e prospectivo com análise quantitativa descritiva dos dados. Para isto, foram entrevistados 40 puérperas. Resultados: A média de idade encontrada foi de 29 anos. 50,0% das participantes possuíam ensino médio completo, 60,0% trabalhavam, e total as entrevistadas realizaram consulta de pré-natal. 80,0% das entrevistadas relataram ter recebido informações sobre os exames a serem realizados no recém-nascido, porém quando questionadas sobre quais seriam esses exames apenas 25,0% das entrevistadas souberam informar. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos por esta pesquisa apontam uma baixa compreensão das puérperas acerca da Triagem Neonatal. Nos mostrando o quanto é importante que o enfermeiro e a equipe multiprofissional trabalhem esse tema com as gestantes em cada consulta de pré-natal, esclarecendo o significado e a importância da Triagem Neonatal.
Eficácia dos jogos virtuais como tratamento fisioterapêutico na doença de Parkinson: revisão integrativa
Authors: Perfeito Rodrigo Silva , Santos Pâmella Dayanna César
Published: November 2021

A doença de Parkinson (DP) se constitui por ser neurodegenerativa e progressiva, ao qual durante sua instalação, acomete os neurônios dopaminérgicos localizados na substância negra e estriada do cérebro causando redução dos níveis de dopamina, que por sua vez, cede início aos comprometimentos motores e emocionais, como: tremor, déficit da marcha, rigidez, bradicinesia, instabilidade corporal, depressão, alteração de humor e problemas no sono. O tratamento tradicional é medicamentoso pela ingestão de dopamina, contudo, a utilização da realidade virtual tem se destacado como um recurso complementar. Sendo assim, o objetivo da pesquisa foi verificar a eficácia dos jogos virtuais no tratamento da DP. Para isto, optamos por uma revisão integrativa de estudos publicados nos últimos 5 anos nas bases de dados: SciELO, PubMed, Lilacs e PEDro. Por considerações finais, foi possível perceber que os jogos virtuais são ferramentas importantes por propiciar ótimos resultados, ludicidade e assiduidade no tratamento.
Fratura do complexo zigomático-orbitário: uma abordagem cirúrgica
Authors: Cassiano Gaya Bertoldo , Figueiredo Francielly Thomas , Pelissaro Gustavo Silva , Mendonça Jose Carlos Garcia de , Silva Julio Cesar Leite da , Gaetti Jardim Ellen Cristina
Published: November 2021

Em virtude da sua projeção, uma das regiões mais acometidas por injúrias é o complexo zigomático, muitos casos de fraturas, provenientes da ação direta de forças, fragilizam sua estrutura e resultam na perda de sua curvatura convexa normal. Sendo assim, objetivo desse trabalho é relatar a abordagem cirúrgica de um caso de traumatismo facial secundário à agressão física, atendido no Hospital Universitário Maria Aparecida Pedrossian (HUMAP). Paciente do sexo masculino, branco, vítima de trauma, buscou o Pronto Atendimento, com hemiface esquerda edemaciada, equimose e assimetria facial associadas a oclusão palpebral, hiposfagma. sendo que aos exames complementares de imagem foram evidenciadas fraturas dos ossos do complexo zigomático orbitário. Em virtude da complexidade das fraturas bem como a possibilidade de comprometimento ocular, fez-se necessário a associação de conhecimentos referentes a diversas especialidades tais como: Cirurgia Bucomaxilofacial, Cardiologia e Oftalmologia. Em virtude do grau de deslocamento das fraturas optou-se pelo procedimento cirúrgico de redução e fixação das mesmas sob anestesia geral utilizando os acessos cirúrgicos subtarsal, subciliar e intraoral. As fixações foram realizadas com placas e parafusos de titânio do sistema 1.5mm para cada acesso efetuado, em material de titânio. O presente caso, devido sua extensão e envolvimento de assoalho orbitário necessitou de três pontos para sua adequada fixação e apesar da complexidade, o caso mostrou sucesso da terapêutica empregada.
Robustness of the watermark applied to compromised noise images
Authors: A.M. Travediu
Published: November 2021

Watermark is the concealment of digital information in a digital carrier signal. The main feature of the watermark is the robustness against changes that can be applied or can occur to the carrier signal which is vulnerable to external factors. Generally, the watermark is designed to have the following three properties: be imperceptible, inseparable from the document in which it was inserted, the same procedures applied to the carrier must be applied upon the watermark as well; We used the watermark applied to the image in the bit structure (LSB type) and tested it with different attack forms compared to the watermark applied on blocks in the image on the bit structure (LSB type) by modifying the information. This article looks for a comparison between the two research techniques to test it each one. We will demonstrate that this approach leads to the acceleration of the algorithm's operation without having a negative impact on the quality of the security solutions provided.
Ship’s course stabilization accuracy improvement by implementing dual-loop control system
Authors: Y. Volyanskaya
Published: November 2021

This study addresses the problem of ship’s course stabilization accuracy improvement in order to reduce trip distance and fuel consumption. The method is to upgrade autopilot control diagram. Proposed block diagram of a dual-loop control system allows to estimate the effects of disturbances and form the positive feedback transfer function. Dual-loop course control system Matlab/Simulink model was developed in the paper. Mathematical modelling analysis shown the effectiveness of such system in course accuracy improvement by compensating of wind-wave disturbances. In addition, proposed system operation modelling analysis demonstrated ship’s course keeping system response time improvement with the use of estimated disturbance positive feedback loop.