bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRISCIEN. Grammaire. Livres XIV, XV, XVI – Les invariables. Texte latin, traduction, introduite et annotée par Le Groupe Ars Grammatica. Paris: J. Vrin, 2013. 330 P. €19. ISBN: 9782711625000.
Authors: Martinho Marcos
Published: May 2017

Resenha
Futuro e passado da linhagem de ferro em Trabalhos e Dias: o caso da guerra justa
Authors: Werner Christian
Published: May 2017

Discute-se a representação da linhagem de ferro em Trabalhos e Dias de Hesíodo como um desafio poético e sapiencial que Hesíodo propõe a seu público a partir do passado consubstanciado em outras quatro linhagem e um futuro em aberto. O principal viés explorado é a linhagem dos heróis, pois ela não está de todo separada da de ferro. Ainda que a linhagem dos heróis tenha elementos que a caracterizem de forma positiva relativamente à linhagem de bronze, polemos como sua atividade por excelência a liga diretamente à cidade injusta e à Eris má. Assim, nem a linhagem dos heróis nem a de ouro são um futuro viável para a de ferro, mas servem para que o público do poema pense alternativas de futuro para sua própria época.
Apresentação - Dossiê Bíos
Authors: Ipiranga Júnior Pedro
Published: May 2017

APRESENTAÇÃO - DOSSIÊ BÍOS
Assurbanipal e suas memórias: uma autobiografia na Antiguidade?
Authors: Pozzer Katia Maria Paim
Published: May 2017

Neste artigo propomos uma reflexão sobre o conceito de memória, sua interseção com as narrativas oficiais   da corte assíria e a relação entre memória e identidade. No mundo antigo oriental o gênero autobiográfico, entendido como uma interpretação retrospectiva da própria vida, não existiu, porém muitos soberanos nos legaram extensos documentos que contém narrativas de cunho biográfico. As inscrições reais mesopotâmicas, que tipicamente são de caráter comemorativo de conquistas do rei ou crônicas de campanhas militares, falam da carreira e de cenas da vida e, de algum modo, podem ser   entendidas como documentos autobiográficos.
Fragmentos e tópoi biográficos nos séculos V e IV A.C.
Authors: Ipiranga Júnior Pedro
Published: May 2017

O fenômeno biográfico na Antiguidade perpassa vários campos discursivos e gêneros literários. Pretendo abordar a formação de um campo biográfico anterior à consolidação do gênero do bíos antigo, a partir de algumas obras do séc. IV a.C. e de fragmentos do séc. V a.C. Em vista disso, reformulo a concepção de tópos biográfico no sentido de abranger obras com alguns traços biográficos, mas que não se enquadrariam estritamente no gênero. O propósito, por conseguinte, seria traçar uma taxonomia desses tópoi, assinalando o tipo de pertinência, função e contextualização nos diversos relatos.
A vida de Eurípides de Sátiro
Authors: Gazzinell Gabriela Guimarães
Published: May 2017

Ainda que se encontre em estado fragmentário, A Vida de Eurípides de Sátiro é a biografia peripatética mais extensa que chegou à modernidade. Escrita no século III a.C., a narrativa, em que se imbricam vida e literatura, revela traços das convenções biográficas do Período Helenístico. Para além de seu interesse historiográfico, ocupa posição importante no corpus das “vidas” de Eurípides uma vez que explicita as fontes de muitos episódios que constam de suas biografias.
Faces femininas nas biografias de Plutarco
Authors: Silva Maria Aparecida de Oliveira
Published: May 2017

Embora tenha escrito mais de cinquenta biografias, Plutarco de Queroneia não compôs sequer uma que tratasse da vida de uma mulher ilustre. Portanto, nosso objetivo neste artigo é sistematizar informações esparsas sobre o papel das mulheres na sua obra biográfica de Plutarco.
Suetônio, dos gramáticos
Authors: Martinho Marcos
Published: May 2017

O Dos gramáticos de Suetônio divide-se em duas partes: na primeira, o autor narra a introdução, desenvolvimento, florescimento e declínio da gramática em Roma (1-4); na segunda, expõe a biografia de vinte professores de gramática, que ensinaram na Cidade entre o início do séc.  I a.C. e meados do século seguinte (5-24). Quanto à primeira parte, procuro mostrar que Suetônio adota conceitos fisicistas ou naturalistas para narrar a história da gramática em Roma, de modo que aquela se possa comparar à vida de um ser vivo. Assim, a exposição de Suetônio revela-se, na verdade, antes biográfica que historicista. Quanto à segunda parte, procuro mostrar que o Biógrafo se interessa por gramáticos que não só escreveram sobre sua arte no ócio, mas a ensinaram por ofício, isto é, por professores de gramática. Daí, seleciono e comento os elementos narrativos relacionados à docência, a saber: os métodos de ensino, o lugar de ensino, o número e qualidade dos alunos, os preços e honorários dos professores. Por fim, apresento tradução anotada do texto de Suetônio.
NEIRA, Luz (Org.). Desnudo y cultura: la construcción del cuerpo en los mosaicos romanos. Madrid: Creaciones Vincent Gabrielle, 2014. 208 p.
Authors: Sanfelice Pérola de Paula
Published: May 2017

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História e Arqueologia no estudo da economia da cidade de Jerusalém no século I d.C.
Authors: Selvatici Monica
Published: May 2017

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar as evidências da cultura material datadas dos séculos I a.C. e I d.C. trazidas à superfície por escavações arqueológicas realizadas na cidade velha de Jerusalém de maneira a jogar luz sobre a questão da economia e da circulação de bens e pessoas (judeus e não judeus) naquele espaço urbano no tempo de Jesus e dos primeiros cristãos.
O suplício de cupido em comentário e tradução
Authors: Troca Pereira Reina Marisol
Published: May 2017

O presente artigo apresenta dois momentos distintos. Primeiramente, regista-se um comentário sumário sobre o opúsculo de Ausónio intitulado Cupido Cruciatur. Nessa ocasião verificam-se aspectos de uma obra na confluência de dois credos, com particular destaque para elementos como a crucificação, a religião, valores, figuras e símbolos. Comporta, de igual modo, uma tradução do texto.
CONTE, Gian Biagio. Dell’imitazione. furto e originalità. Pisa, Edizioni Della Normale, 2014. 109 páginas.
Authors: Vasconcelos Paulo Sérgio de
Published: May 2017

Resenha crítica da obra de Gian Biagio Con te publicada em 2014:"Dell'imitazione. Furto e originalità".
Gregory Vlastos
Authors: Brisson Luc
Published: May 2017

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Refutação da refutação: revivendo o élenkhos socrático
Authors: Almeida Jr. George Matias de
Published: May 2017

Vamos apresentar a concepção de refutação socrática formulada por Gregory Vlastos, a partir da visão derradeira do autor sobre o tradicional problema do elenchus, elaborada no artigo: “The socratic elenchus: method is all” (1994). Para enriquecer nosso trabalho, vamos contrastar as posições gerais de Vlastos com uma crítica contumaz dirigida a elas por Monique Dixsaut no artigo “Refutation et dialectique” (2012), no qual a autora pretende elaborar uma outra visão sobre o elenchus. Para balizar nossas considerações, tomaremos as refutações no Górgias de Platão, com o objetivo de avaliar qual dos dois modelos, o de Vlastos ou o de Dixsaut, se aproxima mais da noção de elenchus presente no referido diálogo platônico.
Um exemplo de ironia socrática no Íon de Platão
Authors: Assunção Teodoro Rennó
Published: May 2017

A partir da informação básica sobre a história do conceito de “ironia”, assim como da definição de “ironia socrática” por Gregory Vlastos em seu conhecido artigo “Socratic Irony”, este nosso breve artigo visa a fazer simplesmente um teste da proposição de G. Vlastos através de um estudo de caso da ironia socrática, comentando o seu exemplo mais importante em um diálogo menor de Platão: o Íon.
O Laques e o Protágoras segundo Vlastos
Authors: Teixeira João Paulo de Oliveira
Published: May 2017

Este texto tem como objetivo uma análise crítica do artigo de Vlastos “The Protagoras and the Laches”, e de sua tese central acerca da anterioridade do Protágoras com relação ao Laques. Para isso, Vlastos defende a existência de uma distinção entre saber moral e técnico no Laques, distinção que estaria ausente no Protágoras, e interpreta o Laques como uma refutação da tese da unidade das virtudes apresentada no Protágoras. Pretende-se demonstrar que Vlastos retira suas supostas evidências textuais dos seus respectivos contextos, de modo a melhor servirem de base para sua interpretação. No entanto, as passagens escolhidas por Vlastos, quando analisadas no interior de seus contextos, não parecem permitir nenhuma das inferências do comentador.
The Third Man Argument in the Parmenides: reflexões sobre um texto seminal
Authors: Cecílio Guilherme da Costa Assunção
Published: May 2017

O artigo de Vlastos intitulado “The Third Man Argument in the Parmenides” é um marco nos estudos platônicos; neste o autor individuou duas premissas implícitas do argumento do Terceiro Homem, as quais têm relevantes consequências não apenas para o Parmênides, mas para a Teoria das Ideias como um todo. Este trabalho pretende discutir os principais aspectos da rica interpretação proposta por Vlastos no referido artigo.
Electra e Orestes: os efebos euripidianos na khóra de Argos
Authors: Lacerda Ribeiro Márcia Cristina
Published: May 2017

Este artigo pretende analisar a Electra de Eurípides, sob um ângulo específico – o exame da efebia (ephebeia). O drama de exclusão-inclusão de Electra e Orestes, somado ao espaço de ação, a fronteira, levou-nos a conjecturar que os jovens vivenciam conjuntamente a instituição militar conhecida como efebia, um ritual de iniciação masculino. Em que pese a efebia ser exclusiva do universo masculino, desenvolvemos a ideia de os heróis formarem uma unidade, uma única persona – o vingador/justiceiro; portanto, ambos participam do mesmo ritual. Comparamos alguns aspectos da instituição com as ações desenvolvidas pelos protagonistas e cogitamos da possibilidade de, no nível do texto poético, assistir a efebia trágica.
Odysseus and the Cult of Apollo at Delos
Authors: Marks Jim
Published: May 2017

This paper explores literary representations of the cult of Apollo on Delos. This island is, to be sure, mentioned only occasionally in early Greek poetry, but details specific to the cult do appear. Thus, for example, Odysseus describes a palm tree he saw at an altar of Apollo on Delos (Od. 6.162-3), and a third-century inscription from the island mentions just such a feature. References to a palm, altar, and temple at Delos in later classical authors, including Callimachus, Pliny, Cicero, and Plutarch, demonstrate that the Archaic period traditions represented by the Homeric passages continued to shape how successive generations of visitors understood Delos. The material record makes clear that the Greek epic tradition documents a time when Delos was already a well attended sanctuary, and that later constructions at the site attempted to remain consistent with the details preserved in the epics.
Knowledge and Practice Regarding HIV among Urban-Rural Men in Bangladesh: A cross sectional study
Authors: Sultana Rezwana , Das Akkur Chandra
Published: May 2017

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is one of the very much concerning issues and nearly 30 million people have died because of HIV related causes, which are found mostly low and lower income countries of the world. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate knowledge and practice to reduce risk factors of getting HIV among urban and rural men in Bangladesh with the comparative analysis among them. Methodology: This is a cross sectional study among 3997 men (urban=1437 and rural=2560). Frequency and percentage on knowledge and practice to reduce risk factors of getting HIV were counted to describe and also urban-rural significance levels of knowledge and practice issues regarding HIV were tested. Result: Knowledge and practice regarding HIV among urban-rural men were comparatively different where 93.7% urban and 81.9% rural men heard about HIV; 88.3% urban and 74.8% rural men thought that HIV can get by using unsterilized needle or syringe; 90.3% urban and 75.6% rural men thought that unsafe blood transfusions resulted HIV; 78.3% urban and 62.2% rural men use condom always during sex; and these urban-rural knowledge and practice related differences are statistically significant at P<.000. Conclusion: In Bangladesh, there werent massive differences between urban and rural mens knowledge and practice reducing risk factors of getting HIV; but urban men have comparatively more knowledge and practice levels than those of rural men have because of having urban mens higher level of socio-demographic and economic status. Bangladesh J Infect Dis 2015;2(1):3-8
Rate of Wound Infection of Non-traumatic Emergency Laparotomy at a Teaching Hospital in Bangladesh: Experience of 100 cases
Authors: Mohammad Din , Begum Mahbuba , Talukder Abdur Rabban , Salam Md. Abdus
Published: May 2017

Background: Wound infection is an important issue for surgical operations. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to measure the rate of wound infection of non-traumatic emergency laparotomy cases.Methodology: This descriptive cohort study was carried out in the Department of Surgery at Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 1997 to June 1998 for a period of 1(one) year. Pre-operative patients were carefully assessed for any host factors related to wound infection. Different per-operative factors that influence the rate of postoperative wound infection were also analyzed. Swabs were taken from the suspected postoperative wound and sent for bacteriological examination. Result: In this series, 100 cases of emergency laparotomies (non-traumatic) were analyzed. Bacteriological examination showed positive culture in most of the cases but three were found to be negative result. Wound infection rate of specific type of operation were 12.5%, 20.0%, 6.6%, 40.0%, 40.0%, 33.3%, 50.0%, 50.0%, and 100.0% in duodenal ulcer perforation, pre-pyloric and gastric ulcer perforation, acute appendicitis, burst appendix, ileal perforation, small intestinal obstruction due to bands and adhesions, volvulus of sigmoid colon, obstructed inguinal hernia, generalized peritonitis due to puerperal sepsis respectively. The overall surgical wound infection rate was 19.0%. Conclusion: The rate of wound infection of non-traumatic emergency laparotomy cases are frequently found in a well-established tertiary care teaching hospital. Bangladesh J Infect Dis 2015;2(1):9-12
Tuberculosis: When Difficult to Select Treatment Regimen
Authors: Basher Ariful
Published: May 2017

No Abstract Available Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2015;2(2):27
Isolation of Aerobic Bacteria from Surgical Site Infection and their Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern
Authors: Begum Shahin Ara , Afreen Shabeen , Rashid Aliya , Farhana Nasreen
Published: May 2017

Background: Surgical site infection is one of the commonest complications after surgical intervention. Source of wound infections may be exogenous or endogenous. Wound swabs culture is the most frequently used method for confirming the diagnosis of surgical site infection. A regular bacteriological review is necessary to identify the causative agents and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern.Objective: The purpose of the present study was to find out the aerobic bacteria from wound swabs culture and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern.Methodology: A total of 175 wound swabs sample were collected aseptically from surgical site infection during the study period. Standard bacteriological methods were used for isolation and identification of organisms and their susceptibility pattern.Results: A total of 175 wound swab samples were collected from surgery departments. Out of 175 samples 102 (58.28%) were positive by culture. Among the isolated organisms the gram negative bacilli were predominant 67 (65.68%) than the gram positive cocci 35 (34.32%).The most common isolated bacteria were Escherichia.coli 30(29.41%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus 28 (27.45%) Pseudomonous areuginosa 20(29.85%), Acinetobacter spp 08(11.94%), Coaggulase negative Staphylococcus (CONS) 07(6.86%) Klebsiella pneumoniae 05(4.90%), Proteus spp 03(4.45%), and Citobacter spp 01(1.49%). Among the total 175 samples 114(65.14%) were collected from male patients and 61(34.86%) were from female patients. All the isolated gram negative bacilli showed resistant to all antibiotics and all isolated gram positive cocci were resistant to all antibiotics except Linezolid. Among the isolated Staphylococcus aureus 8 (24.85%) were MRSA and one (3.57%) were VRSA. The most effective antibiotics were Amikacin, Meropenem, Imipenem and Tazobactam in this study.Conclusion: Surgical site infections remain the commonest post operative complications after surgery and one of the commonest encountered hospital acquired infections. Therefore, periodic review needs be done to find out the causative agents and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern for better treatment and managementBangladesh Journal of Infectious Disease 2015;2(2):28-32
Socio-demographic Characteristics of Campylobacter jejuni infected Diarrhoeal Patients under 5 Years
Authors: Huda Nasreen , Andalib Sofia , Yusuf Md. Abdullah
Published: May 2017

Background: Campylobacter jejuni infected diarrhoea can occur in different socioeconomic condition among the children under 5 years. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the socioeconomic condition among the Campylobacter jejuni infected diarrhoea children under 5 years of age. Methodology: This was a cross sectional study conducted in the Department of Microbiology at Banghabanhdhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from July 2007 to June 2008 for a period of 1(one) year. All the diarrhoeal samples were collected from outdoor unit of ICDDR,B. Children up-to 5 years of age with acute diarrhoea with or without blood and mucous associated with either fever or abdominal pain or both were included as study population. Stool samples were collected from all diarrhoeal children in a sterile collection pot. Detection of Campylobacter antigen was performed from stool samples. The inoculated selective media in the candle jar were incubated at 42°C (microaerophilic condition) for 48 hours which is favorable for the growth of the organism. With the above criteria it is confirmed as Campylobacter, further identification of suspected Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli was confirmed by standard test. Result: Two hundred and seventeen children up-to 5 years of age who were suffering from acute diarrhoea were studied to assess the rate of infection by Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli as an enteric pathogen. Among 217 diarrhoeal children, Campylobacter were isolated from 28(12.9%) cases. Isolation rate of Campylobacter was 19.3% in below 1 year of age group and 5.8% was above 1 year of age group (p<0.003). Out of 217 study patients 141 were male and 76 were female and the isolation rate of Campylobacter were 20(14.2%) from male and 8(10.5%) from female respectively (p>0.05). About 50.0% Campylobacter positive patients were belong to lower class and 35.7% were in middle class.Conclusion: In conclusion Campylobacter jejuni infected diarrhoea children under 5 years of age are mostly below 1 year of age with a predominance of male.Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Disease 2015;2(2):33-36
Diagnostic Value of Sputum Eosinophil Counts in Patients with Cough Variant Asthma
Authors: Hossain SK Shahinur , Islam Md. Safiul , Rahman Md. Mustafizur , De Shubhashish
Published: May 2017

Background: Diagnosis of cough variant asthma is very important. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to measure the diagnostic value of eosinophil counts in sputum for the diagnosis of cough variant asthma patients. Methodology: This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Respiratory Medicine at National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital (NIDCH), Dhaka, Bangladesh from September 2014 to August 2015 for a period of one year. Patients presented with cough variant asthma attending in NIDCH were selected as study population. Methacholine challenge test was performed to diagnosis of cough variant asthma. After Methacholine test, patient was encouraged to produced sputum. Sputum was collected in a plastic container and labeled accordingly and was sent to microbiology department of NIDCH for sputum eosinophil counts. Result: A total number of 50 patients were recruited for this study. The mean age±SD was found 19.1±7.6 years. 20 patients had leucocytosis. 96% patients had sputum eosinophil, 90% patients had >3% sputum eosinophil and 10% patients had ?3% sputum eosinophil count. All patients had trigger factor with negative CFT for Filaria and increased serum IgE.Conclusion: In conclusion increased eosinophil count in sputum is diagnostic tool in cough variant asthma.Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Disease 2015;2(2):37-41
Shelving Books?: Representations of the Library in Contemporary Texts
Authors: Hutton Margaret-Anne
Published: May 2017

Established for over two decades, archive studies have often conflated the archive and the library, leading to the theoretical neglect of the latter. Since the turn of the twenty-first century, however, critical and historical works on the library have been on the increase. At the same time, a body of fictional texts offers a very specific representation of the library in the digital age. The literary libraries discussed here – a sample published post-2000, drawn from seven national literatures and representing various genres – champion the codex and construct the library as an affective, nostalgic material space. Acknowledging the ubiquity of digitization whilst nonetheless eschewing a simplistic material/ digital binary, they rework familiar tropes such as the universal library, the library destroyed, and the library as a symbol or repository of cultural memory. Finally, these are spaces of (gendered) familial psychic dramas, tracing oedipal conflicts, family romances and troubled transgenerational legacies.
Punctuation, Exclamation and Tears:The Sorrows of Young Wertherin Japanese and Chinese Translation (1889–1922)
Authors: Kaminski Johannes Daniel
Published: May 2017

Rich in exclamations and ellipses, Goethe's The Sorrows of Young Werther inhabits a linguistic space in German that does not immediately lend itself to literal translation. Its first translations into Japanese and Chinese coincided with periods of linguistic innovation, as writers and translators contributed to the development of vernacular writing. While in Japanese versions the rendered text faithfully evinces intermediate stages of vernacularization, Guo Moruo's 1922 translation represents a radical attempt to reshape language. By finding literal equivalents of Goethe's stylistic idiosyncrasies, Guo actively shapes the Chinese vernacular, i.e. he establishes the syntactical usage of an exclamation particle plus an exclamation mark. Since German and Chinese belong to different language families, his translation artificially creates intralingual affinities.
On the Visualization of Gas Metal Arc Welding Plasma and the Relationship Between Arc Length and Voltage
Authors: Dos Santos Emanuel , Kuroiwa Letícia , Ferreira A. , Pistor Rob , Gerlich Adrian
Published: May 2017

In this article, the camera settings for high-speed imaging of the arc, metal transfer, and weld pool in gas metal arc welding (GMAW) are investigated. The results show that by only changing camera exposure times and the selection of narrow bandpass filters, images that reveal features of the arc such as the iron vapor-dominated region, metal transfer and weld pool behavior can be produced without the need for external light sources. Using the images acquired, the arc length was measured and the relationship between arc length and arc voltage is discussed. The results show that for low values of current, the measured welding voltage increases with increasing arc length; however, for high current values, the arc voltage increases even though the measured arc length becomes shorter. It is suggested that the increase in arc voltage for high values of welding current is due to the increased evaporation of the wire electrode which decreases the plasma temperature and consequently the arc plasma electrical conductivity.
Communicatively Constructing the Bright and Dark Sides of Hope: Family Caregivers’ Experiences during End of Life Cancer Care
Authors: Koenig Kellas Jody , Castle Katherine , Johnson Alexis , Cohen Marlene
Published: May 2017

(1) Background: The communication of hope is complicated, particularly for family caregivers in the context of cancer who struggle to maintain hope for themselves and their loved ones in the face of terminality. In order to understand these complexities, the current study examines the bright and dark sides of how hope is communicated across the cancer journey from the vantage point of bereaved family caregivers; (2) Methods: We analyzed interviews with bereaved family caregivers using qualitative thematic and case oriented strategies to identify patterns in the positive and negative lived experiences when communicating about hope at the end of life; (3) Results: Two overarching patterns of hope emerged. Those who experienced hope as particularized (focused on cure) cited communication about false hope, performing (faking it), and avoidance. Those who transitioned from particularized to generalized hope (hope for a good death) reported acceptance, the communication of hope as social support, prioritizing family, and balancing hope and honesty; (4) Conclusion: Family caregivers face myriad complexities in managing the bright and dark sides of hope. Interventions should encourage concurrent oncological and palliative care, increased perspective-taking among family members, and encourage the transition from particularized to generalized hope.
Methanation of CO2 on Ni/Al2O3 in a Structured Fixed-Bed Reactor—A Scale-Up Study
Authors: Türks Daniel , Mena Hesham , Armbruster Udo , Martin Andreas
Published: May 2017

Due to the ongoing change of energy supply, the availability of a reliable high-capacity storage technology becomes increasingly important. While conventional large-scale facilities are either limited in capacity respective supply time or their extension potential is little (e.g., pumped storage power stations), decentralized units could contribute to energy transition. The concepts of PtX (power-to-X) storage technologies and in particular PtG (power-to-gas) aim at fixation of electric power in chemical compounds. CO2 hydrogenation (methanation) is the foundation of the PtG idea as H2 (via electrolysis) and CO2 are easily accessible. Methane produced in this way, often called substitute natural gas (SNG), is a promising solution since it can be stored in the existing gas grid, tanks or underground cavern storages. Methanation is characterized by a strong exothermic heat of reaction which has to be handled safely. This work aims at getting rid of extreme temperature hot-spots in a tube reactor by configuring the catalyst bed structure. Proof of concept studies began with a small tube reactor (V = 12.5 cm3) with a commercial 18 wt % Ni/Al2O3 catalyst. Later, a double-jacket tube reactor was built (V = 452 cm3), reaching a production rate of 50 L/h SNG. The proposed approach not only improves the heat management and process safety, but also increases the specific productivity and stability of the catalyst remarkably.
Modeling and Validation of a Diesel Engine with Turbocharger for Hardware-in-the-Loop Applications
Authors: Yin Jinguan , Su Tiexiong , Guan Zhuowei , Chu Quanhong , Meng Changjiang , Jia Li , Wang Jun , Zhang Yangang
Published: May 2017

This paper presents a simulator model of a diesel engine with a turbocharger for hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) applications, which is used to obtain engine performance data to study the engine performance under faulty conditions, to assist engineers in diagnosis and estimation, and to assist engineers in model-based calibration (MBC). The whole diesel engine system is divided into several functional blocks: air block, injection block, cylinder block, crankshaft block, cooling block, lubrication block, and accessory block. The diesel engine model is based on physical level, semi-physical level and mathematical level concepts, and developed by Matlab/Simulink. All the model parameters are estimated using weighted least-squares optimization and the tuning process details are presented. Since the sub-model coupling may cause errors, the validation process is then given to make the model more accurate. The results show that the tuning process is important for the functional blocks and the validation process is useful for the accuracy of the whole engine model. Subsequently, this program could be used as a plant model for MBC, to develop and test engine control units (ECUs) on HIL equipment for the purpose of improving ECU performance.
Economics and Resources Analysis of the Potential Use of Reprocessing Options by a Medium Sized Nuclear Reactor Fleet
Authors: Merino Rodríguez Iván , Álvarez-Velarde Francisco , Skarbeli Aris , González-Romero Enrique
Published: May 2017

Reprocessing of irradiated nuclear fuel is or has been implemented in several countries with significant numbers of nuclear power plants and installed capacity. In this work, a set of scenarios has been analyzed to find the key variables for the implementation of reprocessing in medium sized fleets. The inventories of the Spanish nuclear fuel cycle scenario were chosen as representative, considering two different reactor lifetimes and reprocessing strategies, with the aim of burning the maximum amount of the Pu mass generated in the cycle. The simulations of the scenarios were performed with the TR_EVOL code developed at CIEMAT. Results show that the lifetime of the reactors has an impact in the possible reduction in the Pu amount. Some scenarios show a shortage of Pu available for mixed uranium-plutonium oxide (MOX) fuel fabrication coming from the reprocessing of UO2 spent fuel. This work has verified that, for medium sized fuel cycle scenarios, the parameters with the most importance are the reprocessing cost and natural uranium cost. A smaller impact in the comparison is also found for the cost of the final disposal and the possibility of valuing the surplus Pu and reprocessed uranium existent at the end of the cycle.
Study on the Thermal and Dielectric Properties of SrTiO3/Epoxy Nanocomposites
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxing , Wen Hao , Chen Xiaoyu , Wu Yunjian , Xiao Song
Published: May 2017

SrTiO3/epoxy nanocomposites are prepared using the facile solution-processing technique by incorporating SrTiO3 nanoparticles with different weight fractions into the epoxy resin host. The morphology of the nanoparticles and composites, as well as the thermal conduction characteristics and electrical properties of the composites were investigated via conventional testing methods. The thermal conductivity increased along with the SrTiO3 weight fractions, and the thermal conductivity of the SrTiO3/epoxy composite with 40 wt % weight fraction increased to 0.52 W/mK. The dielectric constant increased along with the weight fractions and decreased along with frequency, thereby suggesting that the interfacial and dipole polarization do not follow the changes in the electrical field direction at high frequency. The dielectric constants at 1 kHz frequency increased along with temperature. Surface breakdown tests illustrated further improvements in the thermal and electrical properties of the composites. In the same time span of 40 s, the 40 wt % nanocomposite demonstrated a rapid temperature decline rate of 6.77 °C/s, which was 47% faster than that of the pure epoxy sample. The surface breakdown voltage also increased along with the weight fractions. The functional composites can solve the key problem in the intelligentization, miniaturization, and high-efficiency of the gas-insulated switchgear, which warrants further research.
Macronutrient Requirements of Silvery-Black Porgy (Sparidentex hasta): A Comparison with Other Farmed Sparid Species
Authors: Torfi Mozanzadeh Mansour , Marammazi Jasem , Yaghoubi Morteza , Agh Naser , Pagheh Esmaeil , Gisbert Enric
Published: May 2017

Silvery-black porgy (Sparidentex hasta) is recognized as one of the most promising fish species for aquaculture diversification in the Persian Gulf and the Oman Sea regions. In this regard, S. hasta has received considerable attention, and nutritional studies focused on establishing the nutritional requirements for improving diet formulation have been conducted during recent years. Considering the results from different dose–response nutritional studies on macronutrient requirements conducted in this species, it can be concluded that diets containing ca. 48% crude protein, 15% crude lipid, 15% carbohydrates and 20 KJ g−1 gross energy are recommended for on-growing S. hasta juveniles. In addition, the optimum essential amino acid profile for this species (expressed as g 16 g N−1), should be approximately arginine 5.3, lysine 6.0, threonine 5.2, histidine 2.5, isoleucine 4.6, leucine 5.4, methionine + cysteine 4.0 (in a diet containing 0.6 cysteine), phenylalanine + tyrosine 5.6 (in a diet containing 1.9 tyrosine), tryptophan 1.0 and valine 4.6. Moreover, the optimum dietary n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and soybean lecithin are recommended to be 0.8% and 6%, respectively. The maximum replacement of fish meal with soy protein is recommended to be between 16.5% and 27.3%. In addition, different vegetal oil sources are also recommended for partial and almost complete replacement of fish oil in diets. Although the nutritional requirements in terms of macronutrients have been established under laboratory conditions, the analysis of the available literature indicate that future studies need to be conducted using a more holistic approach under intensive farming conditions in which different nutrients or additives need to be tested under different rearing conditions for refining nutrient requirements in this species.
In Situ Raman Analysis of CO2—Assisted Drying of Fruit-Slices
Authors: Braeuer Andreas , Schuster Julian , Gebrekidan Medhanie , Bahr Leo , Michelino Filippo , Zambon Alessandro , Spilimbergo Sara
Published: May 2017

This work explores the feasibility of applying in situ Raman spectroscopy for the online monitoring of the supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) drying of fruits. Specifically, we investigate two types of fruits: mango and persimmon. The drying experiments were carried out inside an optical accessible vessel at 10 MPa and 313 K. The Raman spectra reveal: (i) the reduction of the water from the fruit slice and (ii) the change of the fruit matrix structure during the drying process. Two different Raman excitation wavelengths were compared: 532 nm and 785 nm. With respect to the quality of the obtained spectra, the 532 nm excitation wavelength was superior due to a higher signal-to-noise ratio and due to a resonant excitation scheme of the carotenoid molecules. It was found that the absorption of CO2 into the fruit matrix enhances the extraction of water, which was expressed by the obtained drying kinetic curve.
The Crucial Role of DNA Methylation and MeCP2 in Neuronal Function
Authors: Fasolino Maria , Zhou Zhaolan
Published: May 2017

A neuron is unique in its ability to dynamically modify its transcriptional output in response to synaptic activity while maintaining a core gene expression program that preserves cellular identity throughout a lifetime that is longer than almost every other cell type in the body. A contributing factor to the immense adaptability of a neuron is its unique epigenetic landscape that elicits locus-specific alterations in chromatin architecture, which in turn influences gene expression. One such epigenetic modification that is sensitive to changes in synaptic activity, as well as essential for maintaining cellular identity, is DNA methylation. The focus of this article is on the importance of DNA methylation in neuronal function, summarizing recent studies on critical players in the establishment of (the “writing”), the modification or erasure of (the “editing”), and the mediation of (the “reading”) DNA methylation in neurodevelopment and neuroplasticity. One “reader” of DNA methylation in particular, methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2), is highlighted, given its undisputed importance in neuronal function.
MYC—Master Regulator of the Cancer Epigenome and Transcriptome
Authors: Poole Candace J. , Van Riggelen Jan
Published: May 2017

Overexpression of MYC is a hallmark of many human cancers. The MYC oncogene has long been thought to execute its neoplastic functions by acting as a classic transcription factor, deregulating the expression of a large number of specific target genes. However, MYC’s influence on many of these target genes is rather modest and there is little overlap between MYC regulated genes in different cell types, leaving many mechanistic questions unanswered. Recent advances in the field challenge the dogma further, revealing a role for MYC that extends beyond the traditional concept of a sequence-specific transcription factor. In this article, we review MYC’s function as a regulator of the cancer epigenome and transcriptome. We outline our current understanding of how MYC regulates chromatin structure in both a site-specific and genome-wide fashion, and highlight the implications for therapeutic strategies for cancers with high MYC expression.
DNA Methylation Targets Influenced by Bisphenol A and/or Genistein Are Associated with Survival Outcomes in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Jadhav Rohit , Santucci-Pereira Julia , Wang Yao , Liu Joseph , Nguyen Theresa , Wang Jun , Jenkins Sarah , Russo Jose , Huang Tim , Jin Victor , Lamartiniere Coral
Published: May 2017

Early postnatal exposures to Bisphenol A (BPA) and genistein (GEN) have been reported to predispose for and against mammary cancer, respectively, in adult rats. Since the changes in cancer susceptibility occurs in the absence of the original chemical exposure, we have investigated the potential of epigenetics to account for these changes. DNA methylation studies reveal that prepubertal BPA exposure alters signaling pathways that contribute to carcinogenesis. Prepubertal exposure to GEN and BPA + GEN revealed pathways involved in maintenance of cellular function, indicating that the presence of GEN either reduces or counters some of the alterations caused by the carcinogenic properties of BPA. We subsequently evaluated the potential of epigenetic changes in the rat mammary tissues to predict survival in breast cancer patients via the Cancer Genomic Atlas (TCGA). We identified 12 genes that showed strong predictive values for long-term survival in estrogen receptor positive patients. Importantly, two genes associated with improved long term survival, HPSE and RPS9, were identified to be hypomethylated in mammary glands of rats exposed prepuberally to GEN or to GEN + BPA respectively, reinforcing the suggested cancer suppressive properties of GEN.
Microbiota and Particulate Matter Assessment in Portuguese Optical Shops Providing Contact Lens Services
Authors: Viegas Carla , Faria Tiago , Pacífico Cátia , Dos Santos Mateus , Monteiro Ana , Lança Carla , Carolino Elisabete , Viegas Susana , Cabo Verde Sandra
Published: May 2017

The aim of this work was to assess the microbiota (fungi and bacteria) and particulate matter in optical shops, contributing to a specific protocol to ensure a proper assessment. Air samples were collected through an impaction method. Surface and equipment swab samples were also collected side-by-side. Measurements of particulate matter were performed using portable direct-reading equipment. A walkthrough survey and checklist was also applied in each shop. Regarding air sampling, eight of the 13 shops analysed were above the legal requirement and 10 from the 26 surfaces samples were overloaded. In three out of the 13 shops fungal contamination in the analysed equipment was not detected. The bacteria air load was above the threshold in one of the 13 analysed shops. However, bacterial counts were detected in all sampled equipment. Fungi and bacteria air load suggested to be influencing all of the other surface and equipment samples. These results reinforce the need to improve air quality, not only to comply with the legal requirements, but also to ensure proper hygienic conditions. Public health intervention is needed to assure the quality and safety of the rooms and equipment in optical shops that perform health interventions in patients.
A New Method for the Fast Analysis of Trihalomethanes in Tap and Recycled Waters Using Headspace Gas Chromatography with Micro-Electron Capture Detection
Authors: Alexandrou Lydon , Meehan Barry , Morrison Paul , Jones Oliver
Published: May 2017

Chemical disinfection of water supplies brings significant public health benefits by reducing microbial contamination. The process can however, result in the formation of toxic compounds through interactions between disinfectants and organic material in the source water. These new compounds are termed disinfection by-products (DBPs). The most common are the trihalomethanes (THMs) such as trichloromethane (chloroform), dichlorobromomethane, chlorodibromomethane and tribromomethane (bromoform); these are commonly reported as a single value for total trihalomethanes (TTHMs). Analysis of DBPs is commonly performed via time- and solvent-intensive sample preparation techniques such as liquid–liquid and solid phase extraction. In this study, a method using headspace gas chromatography with micro-electron capture detection was developed and applied for the analysis of THMs in drinking and recycled waters from across Melbourne (Victoria, Australia). The method allowed almost complete removal of the sample preparation step whilst maintaining trace level detection limits (>1 ppb). All drinking water samples had TTHM concentrations below the Australian regulatory limit of 250 µg/L but some were above the U.S. EPA limit of 60 µg/L. The highest TTHM concentration was 67.2 µg/L and lowest 22.9 µg/L. For recycled water, samples taken directly from treatment plants held significantly higher concentrations (153.2 µg/L TTHM) compared to samples from final use locations (4.9–9.3 µg/L).
Perceived Health Benefits and Willingness to Pay for Parks by Park Users: Quantitative and Qualitative Research
Authors: Henderson-Wilson Claire , Sia Kah-Ling , Veitch Jenny , Staiger Petra , Davidson Penny , Nicholls Peter
Published: May 2017

Whilst a growing body of evidence demonstrates people derive a range of health and wellbeing benefits from visiting parks, only a limited number of attempts have been made to provide a complementary economic assessment of parks. The aim of this exploratory study was to directly estimate the perceived health and wellbeing benefits attained from parks and the economic value assigned to parks by park users in Victoria, Australia. The research employed a mixed methods approach (survey and interviews) to collect primary data from a selection of 140 park users: 100 from two metropolitan parks in Melbourne and 40 from a park on the urban fringe of Melbourne, Victoria. Our findings suggest that park users derive a range of perceived physical, mental/spiritual, and social health benefits, but park use was predominantly associated with physical health benefits. Overall, our exploratory study findings suggest that park users are willing to pay for parks, as they highly value them as places for exercising, socialising, and relaxing. Importantly, most people would miss parks if they did not exist. The findings aim to provide park managers, public health advocates, and urban policy makers with evidence about the perceived health and wellbeing benefits of park usage and the economic value park visitors place on parks.
Isolation of Rice Bran Lectins and Characterization of Their Unique Behavior in Caco-2 Cells
Authors: Nakata Hajime , Lin Ching , Abolhassani Maryam , Ogawa Tomohisa , Tateno Hiroaki , Hirabayashi Jun , Muramoto Koji
Published: May 2017

Rice bran lectins, named as RBA1 and RBA2, were isolated from Oryza sativa in two chromatography steps: affinity chromatography and cation-exchange chromatography. RBA1 was found to be composed of a covalently linked heterodimer of 20- and 12-kDa subunits, and RBA2 was a noncovalently linked dimer of 12-kDa subunits. Both RBA1 and RBA2 bound to desialylated complex glycoproteins such as fetuin, α1-acid glycoprotein, and transferrin, and agalactosylated complex glycoproteins such as agalacto fetuin, agalacto-α1-acid glycoprotein, and agalacto-transferrin, in addition to chitooligosacchrides. RBAs were heat stable up to 80 °C and stable at pH 4–10. RBA1 increased the transport of the fluorescent marker, rhodamine 123, which is known to be transported via the P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux pathway across human intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers. Furthermore, RBA1 itself was transported to the basolateral side of the monolayers via an endocytotic pathway.
Supervised Clustering of Adipokines and Hormonal Receptors Predict Prognosis in a Population of Obese Women with Type 1 Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Uzan Jennifer , Laas Enora , Alsamad Issam Abd , Skalli Dounia , Mansouri Dhouha , Haddad Bassam , Touboul Cyril
Published: May 2017

Obesity is a major risk factor for endometrial cancer (EC). Yet, its impact on prognosis is controversial. Obesity is associated with metabolic and hormonal dysregulation as well as adipokines increase. The aim of this study was to characterize the expression of biological factors related to obesity within the tumor and evaluate their impact on prognosis. One hundred and thirty-six patients, including 55 obese patients, with endometrioid type I EC operated by total hysterectomy were included in this retrospective study conducted in a Tertiary teaching hospital between 2000 and 2013. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) study was performed on type I EC tumor samples using five adipokines (SPARC, RBP4 (Retinol Binding Protein 4), adiponectin, TNF α, IL-6) and hormonal receptors (estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor). Supervised clustering of immunohistochemical markers was performed to identify clusters that could be associated with prognostic groups. The prognosis of the obese population was not different from the prognosis of the general population. Adipokine expression within tumors was not different in these two populations. In obese population, we found three clusters where co-expression was associated with a recurrence group in comparison with a non-recurrence group and four clusters where co-expression was associated with the high risk FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage I group in comparison of low risk FIGO stage I group. While obesity does not appear as a prognostic factor in endometrioid type I EC, the co-expression of biological factors in IHC on hysterectomy specimens allowed to distinguish two prognostic groups in obese population.