bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New COVID-19 Strain (SARS-Cov-2 VUI 202012/01): Lurking Challenge
Authors: Singh Shivani , Ahmad Sharique , Wasim Saeeda , Rai Silky , Gogoi Sudarshana , Farheen Zarina
Published: June 2021

As from the first outbreak of COVID-19 the clinical feature of COVID-19 had been changing progressively. Various data had been reported viral intra and inter-host evolution favoring the mild COVID-19 strains are being accumulating, for better understanding the evolution of COVID-19. So it is essential to investigate the genetic and phenotypic features of this virus. COVID-19 consist various variant so larger clades had been produced and various distinct nomenclature had been proposed. In December 2020 Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) named Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as hCoV-19 and next strain identified five clades and after that investigators identified 5 lineages (A, B, B.1, B.1.1, B.1.777). The new variant of COVID-19 identified SARS-Cov-2 VUI 202012/01 had been known of lineage B.1.777. COVID-19 associated new variant SARS-CoV-2 VUI (Variant Under Investigation) 202012/01 contains a series of mutation had been described in United Kingdom (UK) and had been found to be highly prevalent in Southeast England and London. All of this mutation is found to be more frequently transmissible than various other strains of COVID-19 Scientist are currently working on vaccine which will protect people against this virus. Currently there is not any evidence about this variant causing more serious illness or higher risk of mortality.
Study on Surgical Management of Distal Tibial Fractures by Locking Compression Plates (LCP)
Authors: Kumar Mamidi Anil , Thirupathi Saini
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Fractures of the distal tibia are one of the most commonly fractures encountered in orthopaedic practice accounting for 7-10% of all tibial fractures. They represent a significant challenge to most of the surgeons. Most common method of management is by internal fixation using locking compression plate. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness, functional results and complications following internal fixation of distal tibia fractures by locking compression plates (LCP). Materials and methods: In this study, 20 patients of distal tibia fractures treated surgically following internal fixation by LCP plating, studied between January 2019 to March 2020 in department of orthopaedics, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagnoor, Karimnagar, and Telangana. All cases treated surgically by LCP plating using standard surgical technique and postoperative protocol. Results: High energy trauma (RTA) accounted for 80% of cases. Surgeries were performed within one week average. Radiological union seen in 16 weeks (range 14-18 weeks) average. weight bearing started from 12 weeks (Range 10- 14weeks). Ankle stiffness noted in 5% of cases. There were 4 cases of superficial infections, 2 patients with deep infection got treated with antibiotics and debridement. Functional results done according to Olerud and molander scoring system. 70% of patients achieved excellent to good results, 30% patients shows fair to poor results. Conclusion: Locking compression plate has better functional outcome, has the advantage of rigid fixation even in osteoporotic fractures and better angular stability.
PENGARUH SURFAKTAN PEG-7 GLYCERYL COCOATE-SPAN80 DAN PEG-40 HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL-SPAN80 TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FISIK KRIM alfa-ARBUTIN
Authors:   Prodi Farmasi Universitas Hang Tuah Surabaya, Najih Yuli Ainun , Nailufa Yuyun , Nurlita Rakhma Dita , Ruchmana Nur Hardianti
Published: June 2021

alfa arbutin is a derivative of hydroquinone to treat hyperpigmentation disorders which acts as a tyrosinase inhibitor. The hydrophilic nature of ?-arbutin requires a dosage form that can increase its penetration into the skin is a cream. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of surfactants PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate-Span80 and PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil-Span80 on the physical characteristics of ?-arbutin cream. The cream formulation made into 2 formula, F1 using PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil-Span80 and F2 using PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate-Span80. Physical characteristics including organoleptic testing, emulsion type, pH, viscosity and Spreadability. The results obtained from the two cream formulas showed a significant difference in the measurement of pH, viscosity and Spreadability values. The results of the pH value of F1 and F2 are 5.74 and 6.24. The viscosity results obtained from F1 and F2 are 50500cPs and 43333cPs. The spreadability measurement results obtained from F1 and F2 were 9.93cm and 11.33cm. The results spreadability will be inversely proportional to the results of the viscosity obtained. The higher the viscosity yield, the smaller the spreadability of a cream.
TINDAKAN ABORSI DALAM SUDUT PANDANG HUKUM DAN KESEHATAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: WIDOWATI
Published: June 2021

Aborsi merupakan suatu tindakan menggugurkan kandungan. Di negara Indonesia tindakan tersebut merupakan yang dilarang, dan masuk dalam Bab Kejahatan terhadap nyawa dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana. Meskipun aborsi secara hukum terlarang, tetapi kenyataannya aborsi masih banyak dilakukan oleh perempuan dengan berbagai alasan disebabkan peraturan dan hukum yang ada kurang akomodatif terhadap alasan-alasan yang memaksa perempuan melakukan tindakan aborsi. Secara umum, pengguguran kandungan dapat dibagi menjadi 2 macam, yaitu: pengguguran tanpa sengaja dan pengguguran disengaja. Aborsi tanpa sengaja adalah pengguguran tidak sengaja yang terjadi tanpa tindakan apapun. Sedangkan aborsi disengaja adalah pengguguran yang terjadi sebagai akibat dari suatu tindakan. Aborsi dalam bentuk kedua ini dapat dibedakan dalam 2 macam, yaitu aborsi articialis therapicus dan aborsi procatus criminalis. Aborsi articialis therapicus adalah pengguguran yang dilakukan oleh dokter atas dasar indikasi medis yang dilakukan sebagai penyelamatan terhadap jiwa ibu yang terancam bila kelangsungan kehamilan dipertahankan. Sedangkan aborsi provocatus criminalis adalah pengguguran yang dilakukan tanpa dasar indikasi medis misalnya, aborsi yang dilakukan untuk meniadakan hasil hubungan seks diluar perkawinan atau untuk mengakhiri perkawinan yang tidak dikehendaki.

Kata kunci: Aborsi, Hukum, Kesehatan.
TUGAS PENYIDIK DI DALAM MELAKSANAKAN PEMERIKSAAN TERHADAP TERSANGKA RESIDIVIS
Authors: ERLY PANGESTUTI
Published: June 2021

Indonesia merupakan negara hukum. Hal ini  dituangkan  di dalam penjelasan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945 yaitu bahwa negara Republik Indonesia berdasar atas hukum (Rechstaat), tidak berdasar atas kekuasaan (machstaat). Hukum selalu berkaitan dengan masalah penegak hukum (law enfocement) yang mengarah  pada aparat penegak hukum khususnya Polisi Republik Indonesia ( POLRI). Bagaimana optimalisasi peran penyidik Polri dalam melakukan penyidikan terhadap tersangka residivis suatu tindak pidana dan kendala yang dihadapi penyidik dalam menjalankan tugas dan fungsinya sebagai penyidik. Menggunakan metode 1) Bahan Hukum Primer, peraturan perundang-undangan yang berkaitan dengan obyek yang diteliti, 2) Bahan Hukum  Sekunder berupa pendapat hukum yang diperoleh dari berbagai sumber dari buku-buku,peraturan undang-undang, jurnal, tesis, artikel / makalah hasil penelitan dan bahan-bahan dari internet yang berkaitan dengan tugas  penyidik di dalam melaksanakan  pemeriksaan Terhadap tersangka residivis 3) Bahan Hukum Tersier yaitu diperoleh dari Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia dan kamus Hukum yang digunakan untuk memperjelas bahan hukum primer dan sekunder.

Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa optimalisasi peran penyidik dalam melaksanakan pemeriksaan terhadap residivis Polri menunjukkan bahwa Penyidik selaku pemeriksa terhadap seorang tersangka dalam hal ini residivis yang sangat pandai dalam hal mengingkari apa yang sudah dilakukannya dengan tujuan supaya mendapat hukuman yang lebih ringan, maka penyidik harus lebih berhati-hati serta memerlukan kesabaran dan mempunyai teknik-teknik khusus untuk mengorek atau menggali keterangan tersangka residivis yang tidak mengakui akan perbuatan yang telah diakukannya. Diperlukan  persiapan yang matang untuk penyidik dalam memeriksa tersangka residivis, seperti 1) mental pendidikan yang perlu ditingkatkan, 2) pengiriman bagi penyidik untuk mengikuti pelatihan-pelatihan yang berhubungan dengan pemeriksaan tersangka.

 

Kata Kunci : Tugas Penyidik, Pemeriksaan, Tersangka Residivis.
COMPARAÇÃO DO ÂNGULO QUADRICIPITAL DE MEMBROS INFERIORES DOMINANTES E NÃO DOMINANTES EM UNIVERSITÁRIOS
Authors: Fileni Carlos Henrique Prevital , Lima Bráulio Nascimento , Martins Gustavo Celestino , Camargo Leandro Borelli de , Oliveira José Ricardo Lourenço de , Almeida Klebson da Silva , Rodrigues Marcelo Francisco , Pereira Adriano de Almeida , Silio Luis Felipe , Passos Ricardo Pablo , Vilela Junior Guanis de Barros
Published: June 2021

O ângulo Q é uma medida importante do alinhamento de membros inferiores; sendo formado pelo encontro de duas linhas, a primeiro tem sua origem na Crista Ilíaca Superior Anterior (CISA) e vai até o centro da patela, e a segunda que vai da tuberosidade tibial até o centro da patela. Objetivo: Comparar os valores do ângulo Q de membros inferiores dominantes e não dominantes de universitários. Métodos: Participaram do estudo 330 estudantes do curso de Educação Física de um centro universitário em Campinas, sendo, 177 homens e 153 mulheres, com idade entre 18 a 30 anos. Os voluntários foram solicitados a realizar chutes com três bolas de futebol, sendo, um chute em cada bola para determinar a perna dominante, após esse procedimento foi dado início a coleta de dados. Os ângulos Q foram medidos a partir de fotos obtidas com câmera Sony Cybershot DSC 6MP, estando o eixo ótico da mesma perpendicular ao plano frontal dos sujeitos que estavam na posição ortostática, descalços, com os pés direcionados no sentido ântero-posterior. O eixo óptico da câmera estava direcionado ao ponto médio da coxa dos mesmos. Os ângulos foram medidos em ferramenta disponível no software Adobe Photoshop CS3, sendo aferidos em graus. Foram obtidos os ângulos Q para a perna dominante e não-dominante. Resultados: A média do ângulo Q para homens com membro dominante e não dominante foram respectivamente 14,85° e 15,28°. Para as mulheres a média foi de 19,51° em membro dominante e 19,91° em membro não dominante. Quando realizado o teste de Wilcoxon para comparar pernas dominantes e não dominantes para homens e mulheres foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes, sendo que, para os homens 3752,00 para p<0,001 e para as mulheres foi 1,000 para p<0,001 entre pernas dominante e não dominante. A única correlação significante foi encontrada entre membro dominante e não dominante para homens. Conclusão: A avaliação de desvios posturais de membros inferiores e especialmente do ângulo Q, através da filmografia pode ser realizada para sujeitos eutróficos e para amostras maiores, dada a inviabilidade de se utilizar técnicas como imagens de RX. Houve diferenças significantes para ambos os sexos em relação ao ângulo Q de membros dominantes e não dominantes. Tal fato, pode ser consequência da eventual perda do equilíbrio biomecânico funcional entre os segmentos. Mais estudos precisam ser realizados para a compreensão da complexa rede de variáveis que podem interferir nestes desvios.
AN EXAMINATION OF SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS FACED BY AGRO-INDUSTRIES AND NEIGHBOURHOOD SETTLEMENTS IN CAMEROON: THE CASE OF CAMEROON DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION (CDC) IN FAKO DIVISION, SOUTH WEST REGION
Authors: Norah Aziamin Asongu  Ph.D  , Ngoe Fritz Eseokwea  Ph.D
Published: June 2021

This study was carried out in Fako Division of Cameroon’s South West Region with the objective of identifying the social and environmental problems created by Cameroon Development Corporation (CDC), the country’s largest agro-industrial cooperation which is next employer to the government. Fako Division was selected for the study because all the major settlements in the Division have been affected by activities of CDC. Methods of data collection were qualitative using interviews, focus group discussions, and direct observation in the workers camps and third party settlements. Results of the study indicate that despite the corporation’s contribution to employment; environmental and social problems attributed to the company’s activities remain the greatest cause for concern affecting other human activities in the affected settlements. Deforestation and destruction of the ecosystem, untreated effluent discharged into the environment, gaseous emissions, noise pollution and aerial sprays in plantations including problems of hygiene and sanitation were identified among major problems affecting human settlements in the affected areas. Furthermore poor housing conditions, congestions, inadequate disposal of sewage and waste have been identified as greatest sources of social and health problems affecting the workers camps. The study calls for government and its agencies to conduct environmental impact and social assessment studies where the impacts could be measured to ascertain the effects on the environment and populations affected by the activities of the corporation.
KEY WORDS: Agro-industries, neighbourhood-settlements, Cameroon Development Corporation, social problems, environmental problems.
Principles of Interpretations and its Schools & Methods in Sub-Continent, Analytical Study of the Literary Work Regarding their Representatives.
Authors: Rahman Dr. Ubaid Ur , Hammad Dr. Hamid
Published: June 2021

The Quranic sciences of interpretations and principles of interpretations were originated in the epoch of holy prophet (saw) but compilation of both were started later. This is called principles of interpretations, which is the basic and important part of Islamic studies. Islamic scholars, commentators and explicators explained the holy Quran in the light of principles of interpretations. These are such basic principles those are guide lines for them so they will not deviate or drop the right way while interpreting and explaining the holy verses. These principles are laid down and followed by them so that they may find the will of Allah and actual meaning of holy Quran. A little difference in principles causes a huge difference in interpretation. Different methodology in principles resulted in many schools of thought. This article focusses on examining these schools of thought found in sub-continent and introduce their main books. This article deals with chronological evolution of said knowledge i.e. principles of interpretations, and Quranic sciences specially originated by the famous principalities and interpreters of sub-continent.
CRITICAL APPROACH TO PERCEPTIONS OF BERNARD LEWIS REGARDING ISLAMIC POLITICAL & SOCIAL PRACTICES.
Authors: Wattu Dr, Inam Ullah , Naseem Abida
Published: June 2021

Bernard Lewis is a representative scholar of eastern studies and western thoughts, and he is the most influential political figure in the U.S politics. So his thoughts play an important and vital role in academic and political fields of the West. Most of his writings explore his prejudiced attitude toward Islam and Muslims. He wrote many books about the teachings of Islam. Islam being a universal religion is an interesting topic for western intelligentsia like Lewis. There are many institutes of Islamic studies in their universities and many think tanks are working on various aspects of Islamic teaching for multiple purposes. In some educational institutions of the west revisionist orientalists such as Andrew Rippin are teaching Islamic thoughts from a critical and revisionist perspective which is quite contrary to the traditional Islamic teachings. Bernard Lewis is attached with The RAND cooperation (the most influential think tank of U.S.A) and most of his writings are evident of his prejudiced theories about political and social practices of Muslims.
A Comparative Study of International Treaty for Women Rights “CEDAW” and Islamic Shariah
Authors: Saeed Sarfraz Hussain , Naveed Shagufta
Published: June 2021

Women are confronted with a lot of problems. In different parts of the world, some social and cultural attitudes still discourage the women from getting their established and assigned rights. The factors which are responsible for this phenomenon include societal norms, orthodoxy and some social customs contrary to islamic instructions. For instance, discrimination against women could be in terms of inadequate nutrition, denial or limited access to education, health and property rights, child labor, domestic violence and forceful marriage. So far as the Islamic instructions are concerned, these are derived from Quran and Sunnah and clearly describe women’s rights but, due to some socio-religious customs and undesirable behaviors the societal status and role of women have been badly affected. An international document, the convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women also lists the rights of all girls and women. CEDAW recommends that all discriminations against girls and women must be ended. In this paper, the terms have been analyzed in the context of islamic instructions and teachings, in order to provide academic material for bringing positive change in the society.
ISLAMIC PERCEPTION OF FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION (AN EXPLORATION OF ISLAMIC THOUGHT)
Authors: Saeed Dr. Riaz
Published: June 2021

Islam considers freedom of expression, speech and thought as an imperative human right and liberty. Primary Islamic sources, as the Holy Quran, Hadith and Seerah of the beloved Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and Islamic jurisprudence discuss its principles parameters and boundaries comprehensively. There are many verses of the Quran, ?h?d?th of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and many terms of Islamic Fiqh, which guide us to describe the freedom of expression, its meanings, significance, principles and limits. Islamic scholars of different fields define the freedom of expression in different ways. It’s also observed during exploration in Islamic and Western perspectives, there is no specific and agreed upon definition of freedom of expression. Some scholars try to define it according to their own interest and requirement, but they can’t make an agreement on its definition. So, there is found a variety of definitions of freedom of expression in academic discourse. Different Islamic scholars mention different definitions due to its being a modern term. In this study efforts are made to elaborate Islamic concept of freedom of expression, thought and speech in modern context. It’s concluded, the Islamic teachings give all kind of freedom and rights to human being but their limits and boundaries are different from Western thought.
Secularism and its Evolution in Muslim Society: A Research Study
Authors: Jaan Muhammad Tahir
Published: June 2021

The concept of Secularism came to the Muslim world after Renaissance. Historically, the initial thoughts on the subject are found in the teachings of Greek Philosophers like Epicurus and Zeno. It was at first a discussion regarding the separation of religion and the state, the scientific advancements and the regime system in Modern Europe. Religion was considered as an obstacle by the West in their progress on the basis of reason and inquiry. Adaptation of secular approach helped the western countries to flourish in material fields. In Islamic world, secularism was not seen as a threat for religion before the twentieth century. Under colonization of many Muslim countries and particularly after the demise of Ottoman Empire which paved way to abolish Caliphate, the Muslim states adopted various western secular laws. Moreover, the Muslim countries went under heavy debts taken from European countries. They relied on foreign advisors and western education system for progress. The concept regarding the authority of Caliph changed. During the twentieth century, Muslim countries suffered politically and their geographical frontiers were changed. It created a kind of revolution in Muslim states. Revival of religious authority in modern political Muslim states is visible in central eastern countries during the last fifty years.
Desenvolvimento e maturação de frutos de jabuticabeira (Plinia peruviana) na região da Depressão Central do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Altmann Taís , Heisler Guilherme , Da Silva Luiz Felipe , De Souza Paulo Vitor Dutra
Published: June 2021

As jabuticabeiras (Plinia spp.) são espécies frutíferas pertencentes a família Myrtaceae, nativa do Brasil, sendo ainda pouco estudadas, apesar de seu pronunciado potencial agronômico e fitoterápico. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar o crescimento e maturação dos frutos de jabuticabeira (Plinia peruviana (Poir.) Govaerts), nas condições de cultivo da região da Depressão Central do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Este trabalho foi realizado em pomar com onze anos de idade, localizado na zona rural de Porto Alegre, e na Faculdade de Agronomia, UFRGS, durante o ciclo produtivo de setembro/outubro de 2016. A curva de crescimento foi obtida a partir do diâmetro transversal dos frutos. A caracterização da maturação foi realizada através das análises de pH, acidez titulável e do teor de sólidos solúveis da polpa dos frutos. A cor do epicarpo dos frutos foi avaliada através de dados de luminosidade (L*), cromaticidade (C*) e ângulo da cor (h°). A maturação dos frutos ocorreu 38 dias após a plena floração. Uma curva de crescimento do tipo sigmoide simples foi observada. Com o avanço da maturação dos frutos ocorre a redução da acidez titulável, o aumento do pH e do teor de sólidos solúveis e a redução dos valores dos parâmetros de cor.
The critical role of direct observation in entrustment decisions
Authors: Sibbald Matthew , Mansoor Muqtasid , Tsang Michael , Blissett Sarah , Norman Geoffrey
Published: June 2021

Background: Entrustment decisions may be retrospective (based on past experiences with a trainee) or real-time (based on direct observation). We investigated judgments of entrustment based on assessor prior knowledge of candidates and based on systematic direct observation, conducted in an objective structured clinical exam (OSCE).

Methods: Sixteen faculty examiners provided 287 retrospective and real-time entrustment ratings of 16 cardiology trainees during OSCE stations in 2019 and 2020. Reliability and validity of these ratings were assessed by comparing correlations across stations as a measure of reliability, differences across postgraduate years as an index of construct validity, correlation to standardized in-training exam (ITE) as a measure of criterion validity, and reclassification of entrustment as a measure of consequential validity.

Results: Both retrospective and real-time assessments were highly reliable (all intra-class correlations >0.86). Both increased with year of postgraduate training. Real-time entrustment ratings were significantly correlated with standardized ITE scores; retrospective ratings were not. Real-time ratings explained 37% (2019) and 46% (2020) of variance in examination scores vs. 21% (2019) and 7% (2020) for retrospective ratings. Direct observation resulted in a different level of entrustment compared with retrospective ratings in 44% of cases (p = <0.001).

Conclusions: Ratings based on direct observation made unique contributions to entrustment decisions.
METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES OF ECONOMIC SECURITY FOR ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING AND COUNTERTERRORIST FINANCING PURPOSES
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of Financial University under the Government of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, CHUVILKIN N. A.
Published: June 2021

The article examines the methods used in practice by credit institutions in order to ensure protection from the involvement of organizations in the schemes of money laundering, as well as the problems and disadvantages associated with them.
DEFINITION OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN COMPANIES AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE
Authors:   Post-graduate Student of the Center for Industrial Management, Peoples ' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia, POLYAKOVA M. S.
Published: June 2021

The article deals with the main problem of defining human capital in companies and its significance, due to the fact that there is an economy that creates an external environment, conditions for its reproduction, and human capital with its inherent motivation for development.
ROLE OF A FEASIBILITY STUDY IN MAKING AN INVESTMENT DECISION
Authors:   Candidate of Economic Sciences, Department of Construction Economics, Astrakhan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Astrakhan, Russia, BELIK A. P. , LIKHOBABIN V. K. ,   Candidate of Economic Sciences, Department of Construction Economics, Astrakhan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Astrakhan, Russia, SAKSON M. L. ,   Candidate of Economic Sciences, Department of Construction Economics, Astrakhan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Astrakhan, Russia
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the concept of an investment project and options for making an investment decision, goals and means, as well as factors and criteria necessary for this. On the example of a feasibility study, the economic state of the Astrakhan region and the Russian Federation is assessed, the main indicators are analyzed, the problem and the ways of its solution are identified.
STRATEGI PROMOSI PERUT BULAT CAFÉ & RESTO MELALUI MEDIA SOSIAL INSTAGRAM
Authors:   Ilmu Komunikasi Universitas Tulang Bawang Lampung, Carolina Thabita , Nuryana Nuryana ,   Ilmu Komunikasi Universitas Tulang Bawang Lampung
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara Perut Bulat Café&Resto dalam menerapkan strategi promosi melalui media sosial Instagram. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan Marketing Mix Theory, yaitu 4P: product, price, place, promotion. Selain itu digunakan pula fitur-fitur Instagram dan teori New Media. Penelitian ini menggunakan tujuh informan yang terdiri dari dua pihak restoran dan lima orang konsumen. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkap bahwa pemanfaatan sosial media sebagai media promosi sudah cukup efektif. Fitur-fitur instagram yang digunakan untuk kegiatan promosi pun mudah diterima oleh masyarakat. Kata Kunci: Strategi, Promosi, Instagram, Produk.
Assessing Practice Habits: A Study of Collegiate Instrumental Teachers’ Estimation of Students’ Practice Habits Versus Students’ Self-Report
Authors: Lau Chooi Wee
Published: June 2021

This survey research aims to assess the collegiate instrumental teachers’ ability to estimate students’ practice habits in the practice room based on the students’ performance during the instrumental lesson and to collect collegiate instrumental teachers’ suggestions on estimating students’ practice habits in the practice room. A questionnaire in two forms was designed for 15 collegiate instrumental teachers and 30 music performance undergraduate students who were selected through a convenience sampling approach. The percent agreement (PA) and Cohen’s kappa (𝜿) were utilised to examine the inter-rater reliability between the results of both participants on the practice habits that focus on the practice time, practice sessions, goal setting, focused attention, mental practice, technique practice, metronome practice, practise with an electronic tuner, and practise with other practice strategies. The low average results, 31.50% on the percent agreement and .0437 on the Cohen’s kappa revealed that collegiate instrumental teachers cannot effectively estimate their students’ practice habits in the practice room based on the students’ performance during the instrumental lesson. However, an interesting observation was made from the suggestions given by the teachers, that is, the importance of communication of practice habits as well as observation of them in the private lesson studio. To improve, a system that teaches the key indicators of estimating students’ practice habits or a training package or method to observe students’ use of practice habits in the practice room is recommended to develop for future teachers.
Innovation and Change in Approaches to Balinese Gamelan Composition
Authors: Sudirga I Komang
Published: June 2021

This article addresses newly developed approaches to gamelan composition among Balinese composers by focusing on changes and innovations within tradition. Balinese composers today represent a cross-section of arts communities who collectively have produced some of the most innovative gamelan compositions in nearly half a century. Subjected to increasingly cosmopolitan reviews from both conservative and progressive audiences, these composers encapsulate the shifting ideals of a generation who value new aesthetic paradigms that increasingly diverge from the history, tradition and legacy of their traditional Balinese predecessors. In the fiercely competitive world of gamelan group rivalry, struggles and triumphs between contemporary composers have always seen creative boundaries pushed to their limits. I examine some of these triumphs and limitations by examining the creative output of six representative Balinese composers who contend with innovation and its reception in local contexts. I argue that innovations in gamelan serve as benchmarks that demarcate creative spaces and approaches while simultaneously testing the real-world confines of changing traditions.
The Affection of Temporal Factors on Acupuncture for Insomnia after Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Gou Chao-Qin , Guo Li-Xia , Zhang Chong , Xie Li-Ying , Li Xiao-Xia , Sun Li-Han
Published: June 2021

Objective
 The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the affection of temporal factors on acupuncture for insomnia after stroke.
 Methods
 Eight databases were searched from inception through September 2019 without
language restrictions. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included if pure acupuncture was compared to Western medicine for the treatment of insomnia after stroke.
 Results
 Thirty-two studies involving a total of 2347 participants were included. Comparing
to Western medicine, the subgroup analysis showed there was no statistical significance among 9-12 am, 3-6 pm, and 2 hours before sleep to start the acupuncture for post-stroke insomnia on improving the effective rate (P=0.66) or the sleep quality (P=0.95). The cumulative meta-analysis showed
that with the amount of treatment increased, the confidence interval was narrowed and the accuracy of the effect value was improved gradually.
 Conclusions
 The results of this study showed that acupuncture therapy was performed 2 hours before sleep, the insomnia
could be improved by calming the mind and inducing the Yang into the Yin based on the theory of midnight-midday ebb flow. The most commonly used needle retention time of 30 minutes was effective in clinical, and with the amount of stimulation increases, the therapeutic effect of acupuncture
could be sustained and stable. Since the overall risk of bias was evaluated as unclear, application of these conclusions needs to be cautious.
Acupuncture for Cancer-Related Constipation: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xu Jing , Chen Yupei , Bai Yuzhuo , Chen Jie , Zhang Li , Huo Zejun , Liu Tong
Published: June 2021

Objective: By evaluating the clinical effectiveness and safety, we can better understand the role of acupuncture for cancer-related constipation treatment and provide guidance for clinicians. Methods: We searched some academic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library,
Elsevier SD journal, Springer journal, Chinese Biomedicine, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Wanfang Data, Chinese VIP Data, etc.). All documents were loaded into Endnote X8 for classification management. After extracting the data, two reviewers assessed the risk bias of each
original study using the tool Cochrane manual v.5.1.0. Cochrane Review Manager 5.3 will be used to conduct this meta-analysis. Results: With the data, we can better evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for cancer-related constipation treatment. Conclusion: This study
aimed to identify the best acupuncture therapy for cancer-related constipation to guide clinicians and patients.
Comparative Analysis Of Students’ Perceptions In Modular Distance Learning Approach Versus Face-To-Face Learning Approach Of Mindanao State University – Sulu
Authors: Salamuddin Altamir
Published: June 2021

Teaching approach gives significant to the teaching-learning process for both teachers and students. Thus, the students’ learning depends on what the school’s application of most effective and attainable teaching approach especially in the time of covid-19 pandemic. 

With the implementation of the new normal education, the difficulties encountered among stakeholders because of an alternative learning delivery – modular distance learning being applied in order to facilitate and to continue to serve the good education in different schools in the country Philippines. With this, the study sought to determine the perceptions of the students in Mindanao State University –Sulu regarding their experiences during face-to-face learning approach and modular distance learning approach, to ascertain the factors that can affect face-to-face learning and modular learning as perceived by the students of Mindanao State University-Sulu. This also aimed to find out the significant difference of students’ perceptions in the two learning approach.

This study utilized random sampling technique through launching a survey questionnaire in assessing the perceptions of the students in Mindanao State University –Sulu by at least ten percent of the total number of enrollees from the seven departments existing in the university campus academic year 2020-2021.

The findings of this study revealed that students agreed that face-to-face learning approach gives significant and had much contribution to their learning while they have disagreed on modular distance learning approach. They also believed that there are factors can affect their learning either in face-to-face and during modular learning. There is a significant difference of students’ perceptions in face-to-face learning approach and modular distance learning approach that resulted to the rejection of the null hypothesis.

This study recommended that principal/director should encourage and motivate the subordinates to achieve a certain task for the good of their school. He/she should conduct an orientation program to inform parents that they are partners of teachers in education in time of crisis. Principal/director should also be responsible for interacting with teachers, representative of other school, and other stakeholders to acquire the various materials and resources for the teachers and students. There should be a training/seminar programs for the benefits of his/her subordinates in achieving school’s goals. He/she should also give clear instructions to the teachers, parents that their primary role during Modular is to establish a connection and guide the students. Lastly, he/she should encourage teachers to adopt modular even during face-to-face classes.
Ecological Analysis of the Prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Indonesia
Authors: Mara Ipa  , Agung Dwi Laksono
Published: June 2021

Background: Previous studies have found that the potential loss of pulmonary tuberculosis is relatively high. The study aimed at analyzing ecologically the factors related to the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Indonesia.Methods: Ecological analysis conducted using secondary data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia report in 2018. All provinces take as samples. Apart from pulmonary tuberculosis, five other variables analyzed as independent variables were smokers’ percentage and adequate ventilation. Percentage of proper lighting, the rate of poor people, and the portion of the population completing primary education. Data were analyzed using a scatter plot.Results: The study results found that the higher the percentage of smokers in a province, the higher the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis. The higher the percentage of adequate ventilation in an area, the lower the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis. The higher the rate of sufficient lighting in a province, the lower the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Meanwhile, the higher the percentage of poor people in a region, the higher the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Finally, the higher the portion of the population completing primary education in a province, the lower the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis.Conclusion: It concluded five independent variables analyzed were related to Indonesia’s prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis.
The Correlation of Subjective Fatigue, Negligence, Knowledge of Safety Riding and Length of Work on Traffic Accidents of Online Motorcycle Taxis in Sidoarjo
Authors: Nala Astari Pramesti  , Noeroel Widajati
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The number of vehicles in Indonesia has increased every year. The number of two-wheeled vehicles in 2016 was 105.150.082 units and increased to 111.988.863 in 2017 and 120.101.047 in 2018. Unfortunately, along with the increase in motorized vehicle users, the rate of traffic accidents that occurred also increased. One of the causes of the high number of traffic accidents in Indonesia is a large number of jobs in the transportation sector, such as online motorcycle taxis. This study aims to identify the factors that cause traffic accidents, including those caused by fatigue, negligence, knowledge of safety riding, and length of work for online motorcycle taxi drivers. Methods: This study is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of 110 online motorcycle taxi riders who are members of the Sidoarjo-Porong Online Driver Association Basecamp. Sampling was done by using the total sampling technique. The variables studied included subjective fatigue, negligence, knowledge of safety riding, length of work, and two-wheeled online motorcycle taxi traffic accidents. Data analysis was performed using Cramer’s V Correlation Coefficient or Phi Correlation Coefficient. Results: The results showed a significant correlation between subjective fatigue and the incidence of accidents as indicated by a value of r = 0.289. Furthermore, it was found that a weak correlation between negligence and the incidence of accidents with a value of r = 0.211. No correlation was found between knowledge of safe riding and the incidence of accidents marked with a value of r = -0.169. Meanwhile, there is only a weak correlation between the length of work and the incidence of accidents with a value of r = 0.214. Conclusion: Subjective fatigue, neglect, length of work has a correlation with two-wheeled online motorcycle taxi traffic accidents. There is no correlation between knowledge of safety riding with two-wheeled online motorcycle taxi traffic accidents.
Correlation of Sex Hormones and Periodontal Disease in Women with Menstrual Cycle Irregularities
Authors: Awad Noora Abd , Abdulkareem Noor Hazim , Abdulkareem Elham Hazeim , Mutlak Shaimaa Sabte
Published: June 2021

Background & Objectives: Variations in the levels of female sex hormones,i.e., estrogen and progesterone,are responsible for various physiological changes,including those in the oral tissues. The aim of this researchis to determine the effects of changes in sex hormone levels in women with irregular periodsand sufferingfrom periodontal diseases in comparison to healthy women.Methods: This study included70 subjects who visited the Clinic at the Department of Periodontology,College of Dentistry,University of Anbar, during the period of July 2019to September 2019. The gingivalcrevicular fluid(GCF) was collected from the patient group (35 females with irregular periodsand periodontaldisease) and the control group(25 healthy females).Results: Compared to control, asignificantlyhighermean concentration of GCFestradiolwas found in thepatient group. Additionally, the patient group also exhibited a significantly lower mean concentration ofGCFprogesterone compared to the control group.Interpretation & Conclusion: Changes in sex hormonesaresignificantlycorrelated with periodontal tissuechangesand GCF examination can be used as a non-invasive method to detect these hormonal changes.Thisstudy demonstrated that GCF could prove to be a good, non-invasive method to validate the levels of sexhormones in females with periodontal diseases.
Determinants of Stunting in Indonesian Toddlers
Authors: Jayanti Resty , Yanuaringsih Galuh Pradian , Olivia Nina , Jundapri Kipa , Ariandini Shanti , Munir Rindasari
Published: June 2021

Children who are malnourished for a long time can experience a failure to thrive, namely stunting.Thissituation occurs in many developing countries such as Indonesia. Stunting is a linear growth disordercharacterized by a TB/U z-score less than -2SD. The study aimed to examine the incidence of stunting inchildren under five in terms of exclusive breastfeeding (ASI), complementary foods of breast milk (MPASI),immunization status, family characteristics. The research approach is quantitative with a Case-ControlStudy design and is carried out in West Java Province, with a sample size of 120 people. Data analysisincludes bivariate using Chi-Square. The results showed that the incidence of stunting in children underfive was due to low family income (p = 0.004; OR= 9.33), non-exclusive breastfeeding (p= 0.001; OR=28.5), poor complementary feeding (p= 0.001; OR= 16), and incomplete immunization (p = 0.00; OR = 17).Stunting in children under five is closely related to low family income, non-exclusive breastfeeding, poorcomplementary breastfeeding, and incomplete immunization. Meanwhile, non-exclusive breastfeeding is adominant factor as a risk factor for children experiencing stunting.
Desarrollo de la teoría de la mente en niños con Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad
Authors: García Gómez María Eugenia , Román Fabián
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Se buscó determinar y describir el desarrollo de la Teoría de la Mente (ToM) en niños con diagnóstico por Déficit de Atención / Hiperactividad (TDAH) con edades entre los 6 y 12 años. Metodología: Fue un estudio empírico-analítico de corte exploratorio descriptivo con grupo experimental y grupo control, los casos no fueron asignados aleatoriamente, sino que se escogió un grupo de niños con TDAH adscritos al Programa de Clínica Atencional de u Hospital Infantil, los controles se escogieron en instituciones educativas. Población: Participaron en el estudio 74 niños y niñas entre casos y controles, el 31,1 % fueron de tipo combinado y 18,9 % del subtipo inatento Instrumentos: Se aplicó una batería de pruebas de ToM: Test de Expresiones Faciales, Falsas Creencias de primer y segundo orden, Historias Extrañas de Happé, Test de Lectura de Miradas y Test de Metidas de Pata; para evaluar las funciones ejecutivas (FES) se aplicó el Stroop Test, Prueba de Retención de Dígitos del WISC III y la Prueba de Clasificación de Tarjetas de la ENI-Evaluación Neuropsicológica Infantil-. Variables: Se controló la edad, que estuvieran escolarizados y que tuvieran diagnóstico de TDAH. Resultados: Se encontró que hay una relación directa entre las dificultades en el desarrollo de la ToM y el TDAH, los niños con TDAH puntuaron más bajo en las pruebas aplicadas que los controles, aunque las diferencias no fueron estadísticamente significativas. Conclusión: Se concluye que los sujetos con TDAH tienen un mayor riesgo de presentar dificultades en el desarrollo de la ToM.
Una revisión sobre metacognición. Algunas implicaciones para los procesos educativos
Authors: Vélez Gutiérrez Carlos Fernando , Ruíz Ortega Francisco Javier
Published: June 2021

Antecedentes: Enseñanza y aprendizaje son actividades cognitivas que se construyen en la interacción entre profesores y estudiantes; su fortalecimiento está relacionado con el conocimiento y la regulación de la actividad mental; por esto, resulta estratégico comprender y promover las dinámicas metacognitivas en el aula. Objetivos: evidenciar la evolución conceptual del término cognición durante las últimas décadas y articular las principales perspectivas teóricas sobre las relaciones entre cognición y metacognición. Metodología: Esta revisión surgió de la interpretación de tendencias, acuerdos y desacuerdos en textos publicados en revistas indexadas, con énfasis en revistas internacionales y handbooks de dos bases de datos internacionales: Scopus, en inglés, y Redalyc, en español. Resultados: En la primera parte, se presentan las tres principales tendencias teóricas sobre la cognición y, en la segunda parte, la evolución del término metacognición, durante las últimas cuatro décadas, en una doble perspectiva: los más relevantes cambios conceptuales de la metacognición entendida como fenómeno individual y como fenomeno social. Conclusiones: profesores y estudiantes pueden cumplir un papel decisivo en la resolución de tareas y compromisos académicos, si se comportan como agentes metacognitivos, es decir, si fortalecen sus habilidades y disposiciones de regulación compartida de la cognición. Este tipo de interacción ha mostrado resultados significativos en el aprendizaje de matemáticas, lectura, escritura y ciencias naturales; además, beneficia a profesores y estudiantes de la educación básica y la educación superior, porque fortalece sus procesos cognitivos en el manejo de información y conocimiento.
Práctica pedagógica y motivación desde el aprendizaje situado
Authors: López Ocampo Néstor Andrés , Álzate López Luisa Fernanda , Echeverri Llano Martín , Domínguez Roja Ana Lorena
Published: June 2021

Antecedentes: la investigación aplicada sobre la aproximación situada del aprendizaje ha permitido mostrar que el aprendizaje basado en el hacer, las comunidades de práctica y el contexto, promueven la motivación y compromiso con la tarea, al mismo tiempo que favorecen la autonomía del estudiante y la construcción de significados de forma más auténtica. Objetivo: analizar cómo una metodología situada del aprendizaje influye sobre la percepción de un grupo de estudiantes frente a su motivación, a través de la implementación de una estrategia pedagógica en la clase de biología. Metodología: la investigación de naturaleza cualitativa, consistió en el diseño e implementación de una estrategia pedagógica estructurada sobre el tema de la fotosíntesis. La estrategia fue desarrollada con un grupo de estudiantes de séptimo grado en una clase de biología (n=27). La investigación consistió en tres fases, diseño de la propuesta, su implementación y el análisis de los datos. Las técnicas de recolección fueron un grupo focal con estudiantes y una entrevista estructurada con la docente. Resultados: los datos arrojados fueron organizados en tres grandes relaciones: la motivación y su impacto en la comprensión de los contenidos, la motivación como una vía para crear significado, y el rol de la práctica pedagógica para la motivación y el aprendizaje. Conclusiones: la investigación permitió constatar el efecto de la implementación de estrategias innovadoras para el aprendizaje, acogiendo aspectos situados y reconociendo la íntima relación entre afectividad y cognición.