bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Precipitation Criterion for Inhibiting Austenite Grain Coarsening during Carburization of Al-Containing 20Cr Gear Steels
Authors: Liu Huasong , Dong Yannan , Zheng Hongguang , Liu Xiangchun , Lan Peng , Tang Haiyan , Zhang Jiaquan
Published: March 2021

AlN precipitates are frequently adopted to pin the austenite grain boundaries for the high-temperature carburization of special gear steels. For these steels, the grain coarsening criterion in the carburizing process is required when encountering the composition optimization for the crack-sensitive steels. In this work, the quantitative influence of the Al and N content on the grain size after carburization is studied through pseudocarburizing experiments based on 20Cr steel. According to the grain structure feature and the kinetic theory, the abnormal grain growth is demonstrated as the mode of austenite grain coarsening in carburization. The AlN precipitate, which provides the dominant pinning force, is ripened in this process and the particle size can be estimated by the Lifshitz−Slyosov−Wagner theory. Both the mass fraction and the pinning strength of AlN precipitate show significant influence on the grain growth behavior with the critical values indicating the grain coarsening. These criteria correspond to the conditions of abnormal grain growth when bearing the Zener pinning, which has been analyzed by the multiple phase-field simulation. Accordingly, the models to predict the austenite grain coarsening in carburization were constructed. The prediction is validated by the additional experiments, resulting in accuracies of 92% and 75% for the two models, respectively. Finally, one of the models is applied to optimize the Al and N contents of commercial steel.
Alterations in Pattern Baldness According to Sex: Hair Metabolomics Approach
Authors: Lee Yu Ra , Lew Bark Lynn , Sim Woo Young , Hong Jongki , Chung Bong Chul
Published: March 2021

Pattern baldness has been associated with the male hormone, dihydrotestosterone. In this study, we tried to determine how the overall metabolic pathways of pattern baldness differ in patients and in normal controls. Our study aimed to identify alterations in hair metabolomic profiles in order to identify possible markers of pattern baldness according to sex. Untargeted metabolomics profiling in pattern baldness patients and control subjects was conducted using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. To identify significantly altered metabolic pathways, partial least squares discriminant analysis was performed. Our analysis indicated differences in steroid biosynthesis pathway in both males and females. However, there was a remarkable difference in the androgen metabolic pathway in males, and the estrogen metabolic and arachidonic acid pathways in females. For the first time, we were able to confirm the metabolic pathway in pattern baldness patients using hair samples. Our finding improves understanding of pattern baldness and highlights the need to link pattern baldness and sex-related differences.
Quantitative Spectrochip-Coupled Lateral Flow Immunoassay Demonstrates Clinical Potential for Overcoming Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic Screening Challenges
Authors: Hung Kai-Feng , Hung Chih-Hsing , Hong Chitsung , Chen Szu-Chia , Sun Yi-Chen , Wen Jyun-Wei , Kuo Chao-Hung , Ko Cheng-Hao , Cheng Chao-Min
Published: March 2021

As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to spread around the world, the establishment of decentralized severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) diagnostics and point-of-care testing is invaluable. While polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been the gold standard for COVID-19 screening, serological assays detecting anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in response to past and/or current infection remain vital tools. In particular, lateral flow immunoassay devices are easy to produce, scale, distribute, and use; however, they are unable to provide quantitative information. To enable quantitative analysis of lateral flow immunoassay device results, microgating technology was used to develop an innovative spectrochip that can be integrated into a portable, palm-sized device that was capable of capturing high-resolution reflectance spectrum data for quantitative immunoassay diagnostics. Using predefined spiked concentrations of recombinant anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG), this spectrochip-coupled immunoassay provided extraordinary sensitivity, with a detection limit as low as 186 pg/mL. Furthermore, this platform enabled the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG in all PCR-confirmed patients as early as day 3 after symptom onset, including two patients whose spectrochip tests would be regarded as negative for COVID-19 using a direct visual read-out without spectral analysis. Therefore, the quantitative lateral flow immunoassay with an exceptionally low detection limit for SARS-CoV-2 is of value. An increase in the number of patients tested with this novel device may reveal its true clinical potential.
In-Silico Pangenomics of SARS-CoV-2 Isolates Reveal Evidence for Subtle Adaptive Expression Strategies, Continued Clonal Evolution, and Sub-Clonal Emergences, Despite Genome Stability
Authors: Said Kamaleldin B. , Alsolami Ahmed , Fathuldeen Anas , Alshammari Fawwaz , Alhiraabi Walid , Alaamer Salem , Alrmaly Hamad , Aldamadi Fahad , Aldakheel Dakheel F. , Moussa Safia , Jadani Ahmed Al , Bashir Abdulhafiz
Published: March 2021

The devastating SARS-CoV2 pandemic is worsening with relapsing surges, emerging mutants, and increasing mortalities. Despite enormous efforts, it is not clear how SARS-CoV2 adapts and evolves in a clonal background. Laboratory research is hindered by high biosafety demands. However, the rapid sequence availability opened doors for bioinformatics. Using different bioinformatics programs, we investigated 6305 sequences for clonality, expressions strategies, and evolutionary dynamics. Results showed high nucleotide identity of 99.9% among SARS-CoV2 indicating clonal evolution and genome. High sequence identity and phylogenetic tree concordance were obtained with isolates from different regions. In any given tree topology, ~50% of isolates in a country formed country-specific sub-clusters. However, abundances of subtle overexpression strategies were found including transversions, signature-sequences and slippery-structures. Five different short tracks dominated with identical location patterns in all genomes where Slippery-4 AAGAA was the most abundant. Interestingly, transversion and transition substitutions mostly affected the same amino acid residues implying compensatory changes. To ensure these strategies were independent of sequence clonality, we simultaneously examined sequence homology indicators; tandem-repeats, restriction-site, and 3′UTR, 5′ UTR-caps and stem-loop locations in addition to stringent alignment parameters for 100% identity which all confirmed stability. Nevertheless, two rare events; a rearrangement in two SARS-CoV2 isolates against betacoronavirus ancestor and a polymorphism in S gene, were detected. Thus, we report on abundance of transversions, slippery sequences, and ON/OFF molecular structures, implying adaptive expressions had occurred, despite clonal evolution and genome stability. Furthermore, functional validation of the point mutations would provide insights into mechanisms of SARS-CoV2 virulence and adaptation.
Modulated Monoclinic Hydroxyapatite: The Effect of pH in the Microwave Assisted Method
Authors: Sánchez-Campos Daniel , Reyes Valderrama Maria Isabel , López-Ortíz Susana , Salado-Leza Daniela , Fernández-García María Eufemia , Mendoza-Anaya Demetrio , Salinas-Rodríguez Eleazar , Rodríguez-Lugo Ventura
Published: March 2021

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a natural hard tissue constituent widely used for bone and tooth replacement engineering. In the present work, synthetic HAp was obtained from calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2·4H2O) and ammonium phosphate dibasic (NH4)2HPO4 following an optimized microwave assisted hydrothermal method. The effect of pH was evaluated by the addition of ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH). Hence, different characterization techniques were used to determine its influence on the resulted HAp powders’ size, shape, and crystallinity. By Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), it was observed that the reaction pH environment modifies the morphology of HAp, and a shape evolution, from sub-hedral particles at pH = 7 to rod-like nanosized HAp at pH = 10, was confirmed. Using the X-ray Diffraction (XRD) technique, the characteristic diffraction peaks of the monoclinic phase were identified. Even if the performed Rietveld analysis indicated the presence of both phases (hexagonal and monoclinic), monoclinic HAp prevails in 95% with an average crystallite size of about 23 nm. The infrared spectra (FTIR) showed absorption bands at 3468 cm−1 and 630 cm−1 associated with OH− of hydroxyapatite, and bands at 584 cm−1, 960 cm−1, and 1090 cm−1 that correspond to the PO43− and CO32− characteristic groups. In summary, this work contributes to obtaining nanosized rod-like monoclinic HAp by a simple and soft method that has not been previously reported.
Strength Characteristics of Clay–Rubber Waste Mixtures in Low-Frequency Cyclic Triaxial Tests
Authors: Jastrzębska Małgorzata , Tokarz Krzysztof
Published: March 2021

This paper presents the results of consolidated and undrained (CU) triaxial cyclic tests related to the influence of tire waste addition on the strength characteristics of two different soils from Southern Poland: unswelling kaolin and swelling red clay. The test procedure included the normally consolidated remolded specimens prepared from pure red clay (RC) and kaolin (K) and their mixtures with two different fractions of shredded rubber powder (P) and granulate (G) in 5%, 10%, and 25% mass proportions. All samples were subjected to low-frequency cyclic loading carried out with a constant stress amplitude. Analysis of the results includes consideration of the effect of rubber additive and number of load cycles on the development of excess pore pressure and axial strain during the cyclic load operation and on the maximum stress deviator value. A general decrease in the shear strength due to the cyclic load operation was observed, and various effects of shear strength depended on the mixture content and size of the rubber waste particles. In general, the use of soil–rubber mixtures, especially for expansive soils and powder, should be treated with caution for cyclic loading.
Reduction of Vanadium(V) by Iron(II)-Bearing Minerals
Authors: O’Loughlin Edward J. , Boyanov Maxim I. , Kemner Kenneth M.
Published: March 2021

Fe(II)-bearing minerals (magnetite, siderite, green rust, etc.) are common products of microbial Fe(III) reduction, and they provide a reservoir of reducing capacity in many subsurface environments that may contribute to the reduction of redox active elements such as vanadium; which can exist as V(V), V(IV), and V(III) under conditions typical of near-surface aquatic and terrestrial environments. To better understand the redox behavior of V under ferrugenic/sulfidogenic conditions, we examined the interactions of V(V) (1 mM) in aqueous suspensions containing 50 mM Fe(II) as magnetite, siderite, vivianite, green rust, or mackinawite, using X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the V K-edge to determine the valence state of V. Two additional systems of increased complexity were also examined, containing either 60 mM Fe(II) as biogenic green rust (BioGR) or 40 mM Fe(II) as a mixture of biogenic siderite, mackinawite, and magnetite (BioSMM). Within 48 h, total solution-phase V concentrations decreased to <20 µM in all but the vivianite and the biogenic BiSMM systems; however, >99.5% of V was removed from solution in the BioSMM and vivianite systems within 7 and 20 months, respectively. The most rapid reduction was observed in the mackinawite system, where V(V) was reduced to V(III) within 48 h. Complete reduction of V(V) to V(III) occurred within 4 months in the green rust system, 7 months in the siderite system, and 20 months in the BioGR system. Vanadium(V) was only partially reduced in the magnetite, vivianite, and BioSMM systems, where within 7 months the average V valence state stabilized at 3.7, 3.7, and 3.4, respectively. The reduction of V(V) in soils and sediments has been largely attributed to microbial activity, presumably involving direct enzymatic reduction of V(V); however the reduction of V(V) by Fe(II)-bearing minerals suggests that abiotic or coupled biotic–abiotic processes may also play a critical role in V redox chemistry, and thus need to be considered in modeling the global biogeochemical cycling of V.
Fabrication Techniques for Graphene Oxide-Based Molecular Separation Membranes: Towards Industrial Application
Authors: Kwon Ohchan , Choi Yunkyu , Choi Eunji , Kim Minsu , Woo Yun Chul , Kim Dae Woo
Published: March 2021

Graphene oxide (GO) has been a prized material for fabricating separation membranes due to its immense potential and unique chemistry. Despite the academic focus on GO, the adoption of GO membranes in industry remains elusive. One of the challenges at hand for commercializing GO membranes lies with large-scale production techniques. Fortunately, emerging studies have acknowledged this issue, where many have aimed to deliver insights into scalable approaches showing potential to be employed in the commercial domain. The current review highlights eight physical methods for GO membrane fabrication. Based on batch-unit or continuous fabrication, we have further classified the techniques into five small-scale (vacuum filtration, pressure-assisted filtration, spin coating, dip coating, drop-casting) and three large-scale (spray coating, bar/doctor blade coating, slot die coating) approaches. The continuous nature of the large-scale approach implies that the GO membranes prepared by this method are less restricted by the equipment’s dimensions but rather the availability of the material, whereas membranes yielded by small-scale methods are predominately limited by the size of the fabrication device. The current review aims to serve as an initial reference to provide a technical overview of preparing GO membranes. We further aim to shift the focus of the audience towards scalable processes and their prospect, which will facilitate the commercialization of GO membranes.
The Fabrication and Properties of a Bendable High-Temperature Resistance Conductive Pitch-Based Carbon/CNT Film Nanocomposite
Authors: Che Zhe , Wang Shaokai , Gu Yizhuo , Zhang Wei , Jiang Cai , Li Min
Published: March 2021

This paper fabricates a carbon nanotube (CNT ) film-reinforced mesophase pitch-based carbon (CNTF/MPC) nanocomposite by using a hot-pressing carbonization method. During the carbonization, the stacked aromatic layers tended to rearrange into amorphous carbon, and subsequently generated crystalline carbon in the matrix. The continuous entangled CNT networks were efficiently densified by the carbon matrix though optimized external pressure to obtain the high-performance nanocomposites. The CNTF/MPC@1300 displayed a stable electrical conductivity up to 841 S/cm at RT-150 °C. Its thermal conductivity in the thickness direction was 1.89 W/m∙K, an order of magnitude higher than that of CNT film. Moreover, CNTF/MPC@1300 showed a mass retention of 99.3% at 1000 °C. Its tensile strength was 2.6 times the CNT film and the tensile modulus was two orders of magnitude higher. Though the CNTF/MPC nanocomposites exhibited brittle tensile failure mode, they resisted cyclic bending without damage. The results demonstrate that the CNTF/MPC nanocomposite has potential application in multi-functional temperature resistance aerospace structures.
Molybdenum–Tungsten Blue Nanoparticles as a Precursor for Ultrafine Binary Carbides
Authors: Myachina Maria , Gavrilova Natalia , Poluboyarinova Ksenia , Nazarov Victor
Published: March 2021

Herein, we demonstrate a promising method for the synthesis of ultrafine carbide particles using dispersions of molybdenum–tungsten nanoparticles. Dispersions of molybdenum–tungsten blue nanoparticles with different initial molar ratios of molybdenum/tungsten were synthesized through the reduction of molybdate and tungstate ions by ascorbic acid in an acidic medium (pH = 1.0–2.5). Molybdenum–tungsten blue nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet–visual (UV–VIS), infrared (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopies; transmission electronic microscopy (TEM); and dynamic light scattering (DLS). We demonstrated that molybdenum–tungsten blue nanoparticles belong to toroidal polyoxometalate clusters (λmax = 680–750 nm) with a predominant particle size of 4.0 nm. Molybdenum–tungsten blue dispersions were shown to be monodispersed systems with a small particle size and long-term stability (>30 days) and are suitable for further catalytic applications.
A Facile Chemical Method Enabling Uniform Zn Deposition for Improved Aqueous Zn-Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Congcong , Lu Qiongqiong , Omar Ahmad , Mikhailova Daria
Published: March 2021

Rechargeable aqueous Zn-ion batteries (ZIBs) have gained great attention due to their high safety and the natural abundance of Zn. Unfortunately, the Zn metal anode suffers from dendrite growth due to nonuniform deposition during the plating/stripping process, leading to a sudden failure of the batteries. Herein, Cu coated Zn (Cu–Zn) was prepared by a facile pretreatment method using CuSO4 aqueous solution. The Cu coating transformed into an alloy interfacial layer with a high affinity for Zn, which acted as a nucleation site to guide the uniform Zn nucleation and plating. As a result, Cu–Zn demonstrated a cycling life of up to 1600 h in the symmetric cells and endowed a stable cycling performance with a capacity of 207 mAh g−1 even after 1000 cycles in the full cells coupled with a V2O5-based cathode. This work provides a simple and effective strategy to enable uniform Zn deposition for improved ZIBs.
Experimental Investigation of Polymer-Coated Silica Nanoparticles for EOR under Harsh Reservoir Conditions of High Temperature and Salinity
Authors: Bila Alberto , Torsæter Ole
Published: March 2021

Laboratory experiments have shown higher oil recovery with nanoparticle (NPs) flooding. Accordingly, many studies have investigated the nanoparticle-aided sweep efficiency of the injection fluid. The change in wettability and the reduction of the interfacial tension (IFT) are the two most proposed enhanced oil recovery (EOR) mechanisms of nanoparticles. Nevertheless, gaps still exist in terms of understanding the interactions induced by NPs that pave way for the mobilization of oil. This work investigated four types of polymer-coated silica NPs for oil recovery under harsh reservoir conditions of high temperature (60 ∘C) and salinity (38,380 ppm). Flooding experiments were conducted on neutral-wet core plugs in tertiary recovery mode. Nanoparticles were diluted to 0.1 wt.% concentration with seawater. The nano-aided sweep efficiency was studied via IFT and imbibition tests, and by examining the displacement pressure behavior. Flooding tests indicated incremental oil recovery between 1.51 and 6.13% of the original oil in place (OOIP). The oil sweep efficiency was affected by the reduction in core’s permeability induced by the aggregation/agglomeration of NPs in the pores. Different types of mechanisms, such as reduction in IFT, generation of in-situ emulsion, microscopic flow diversion and alteration of wettability, together, can explain the nano-EOR effect. However, it was found that the change in the rock wettability to more water-wet condition seemed to govern the sweeping efficiency. These experimental results are valuable addition to the data bank on the application of novel NPs injection in porous media and aid to understand the EOR mechanisms associated with the application of polymer-coated silica nanoparticles.
Synthesis and Characterization of π-SnS Nanoparticles and Corresponding Thin Films
Authors: Gedi Sreedevi , Minnam Reddy Vasudeva Reddy , Alhammadi Salh , Park Hyeonwook , Jang Chelim , Park Chinho , Kim Woo Kyoung
Published: March 2021

Tin sulfide polymorph (π-SnS) nanoparticles exhibit promising optoelectrical characteristics for photovoltaic and hydrogen production performance, mainly because of the possibility of tuning their properties by adjusting the synthesis conditions. This study demonstrates a chemical approach to synthesize π-SnS nanoparticles and the engineering of their properties by altering the Sn precursor concentration (from 0.04 M to 0.20 M). X-ray diffraction and Raman studies confirmed the presence of pure cubic SnS phase nanoparticles with good crystallinity. SEM images indicated the group of cloudy shaped grains, and XPS results confirmed the presence of Sn and S in the synthesized nanoparticles. Optical studies revealed that the estimated energy bandgap values of the as-synthesized π-SnS nanoparticles varied from 1.52 to 1.68 eV. This work highlights the effects of the Sn precursor concentration on the properties of the π-SnS nanoparticles and describes the bandgap engineering process. Optimized π-SnS nanoparticles were used to deposit nanocrystalline π-SnS thin films using the drop-casting technique, and their physical properties were improved by annealing (300 °C for 2 h).
Physiological Correlates of Processing Health-Related Information: An Idea for the Adoption of a Foreign Field
Authors: Geukes Cornelia , Müller Horst M.
Published: March 2021

Measuring health may refer to the measurement of general health status through measures of physical function, pain, social health, psychological aspects, and specific disease. Almost no evidence is available on the possible interaction of physiological measures and correlating emotional–affective states that are triggered by dealing with individual health-relevant issues and their specific processing modes. Public health research has long been concerned with the processing of health-related information. However, it is not yet clear which factors influence access and the handling of health-related information in detail. One way to close this research gap could be adopting methods from neurocognitive experiments to add psychophysiological data to existing approaches in health-related research. In this article, we present some of these methods and give a narrative overview and description of their usefulness for enlarged research in public health.
Heterogeneous Study of Multiple Disturbance Factors Outside Residential Electricity Consumption: A Case Study of Beijing
Authors: Sheng Yaqing , Liu Jinpeng , Wei Delin , Song Xiaohua
Published: March 2021

Residential electricity consumption is an important part of the electricity consumption of the whole society. The systematic analysis of the influence mechanism of the external complex factors of residential electricity consumption is significant for scientific and effective power demand side optimization management. From the socio-economic and climate perspectives, Spearman’s correlation was used to analyze external multiple disturbance indicators, and principal component analysis (PCA) was used to reduce data dimensionality. The multi-factor residential electricity measurement model (PCA-MCA) was established to explore the heterogeneity of influence mechanisms. Taking Beijing as a case study, the results show that the sensitivity of residential electricity consumption of Beijing to socio-economic indicators is greater than that of climate indicators, and the two influencing factors are obviously heterogeneous. The impact of socio-economic factors on residential electricity consumption appears to have continuous and stable characteristics, but climate factors are more volatile. This paper discusses factors and disturbance mechanisms of regional residential electricity consumption, fully considering the actual situation in Beijing. Taking the realization of regional power demand lateral optimization management as the idea, the paper proposes some optimization strategies to achieve regional power availability. This provides an analysis basis and practical reference for sustainable development of regional power.
Efficiency and Energy Demand in Polishing Treatment of Wastewater Treatment Plants Effluents: Photoelectrocatalysis vs. Photocatalysis and Photolysis
Authors: Collivignarelli Maria Cristina , Carnevale Miino Marco , Arab Hamed , Bestetti Massimiliano , Franz Silvia
Published: March 2021

Photoelectrocatalysis (PEC), photolysis (PL), and photocatalysis (PC) were applied to increase the biodegradability of wastewaters effluents sampled from a plant collecting both municipal wastewaters and aqueous waste. In PEC, the catalyst was a porous TiO2 photoanode obtained by plasma electrolytic oxidation and electrically polarized during operation. In PC a dispersion of TiO2 powders was used. The same irradiation shielding, and similar catalyst surface areas were set for PC and PEC, allowing a straightforward evaluation of the catalytic effect of the electrical polarization of TiO2 during operation. Results showed that the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color removal rates follow the order: PEC > PL and PEC > PC. The specific biodegradability rate (SBR) increased following the same order, the PEC process allowing SBR values more than twice higher than PL and PC. The operating costs were calculated based on the electrical energy per order of COD, color, and SBR values, demonstrating that at the laboratory scale the energy demand of PEC is significantly lower than the other two tested processes.
The role of bio-detection dogs in the prevention and diagnosis of infectious diseases: A systematic review
Authors: SALGIRLI DEMİRBAŞ Yasemin , BAŞ Bülent , ÖZTÜRK Hakan , KİSMALİ Gorkem , ALPAY Merve , SEÇİLMİŞ CANBAY Hale , EMEN Fatih , SAREYYÜPOĞLU Barış , ÖZKUL Aykut
Published: March 2021

Infectious diseases have been lately considered as one of the most important global risks, which negatively impact not only the health but also the socioeconomic conditions of countries. Globalization influences the spread of infectious diseases as a result of increased travelling and interaction in humans. Thus, it is highly important to prevent and diagnose new infectious diseases by using accurate and quick diagnostic methods. Bio-detection dogs have a great potential to accurately diagnose infectious disease as they have a great ability to sense disease-specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs) originate from infectious agents and/or pathophysiological processes in the human body. The use of these dogs to detect infectious diseases has come to focus in particular after the recent global health crisis due to the SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review discusses the potential use of bio-detection dogs in the prevention and diagnosing of infectious diseases. Moreover, factors affecting the scent of the disease, e.g. VOCs, are tried to be highlighted.
Application of Building Workers Services in Facing Industrial Revolution 4.0
Authors: Amsyar Izwan , Cristhopher Ethan , Rahardja Untung , Lutfiani Ninda , Rizky Agung
Published: March 2021

The services of skilled construction workers are only known around them in the sense that they are not yet widespread in the community, therefore an application is needed that can help construction workers services and can make it easier for the wider community to find construction workers services. The purpose of this research is to build applications as building laborer services based on android and to make construction workers able to compete in this era of industrial revolution 4.0. The method used in this research is the waterfall methodology, where in this methodology each stage of the research is carried out sequentially, starting from the stages of analysis, design, writing program code, testing, and maintenance. This application uses Adobe Illustrator, AirDroid, Android Studio and Sublime Text, but the problem in this research is that it is very difficult to find experienced and professional construction workers and most of these construction workers do not understand the digital world so it is difficult to develop this research in old school community (do not understand the world of technology today).
ASPECTOS GERAIS DA HISTOPLASMOSE EM PEQUENOS ANIMAIS E IMPORTÂNCIA CLÍNICA
Authors: Rossana Ítala , Alicea Marina , Carvalho Igor , Amorim Janyfer , Marrone Keith
Published: March 2021

Histoplasma capsulatum é o agente causador da histoplasmose, uma das principais doenças que acomete o sistema respiratório inferior de cães e gatos. Este patógeno é frequentemente isolado de fezes de aves e morcegos. A infecção ocorre por inalação dos esporos fúngicos em solos contaminados com as fezes. As manifestações clínicas da doença são divididas em infecção pulmonar, gastrointestinal, subclínica e disseminada. Esta revisão descreve como a doença ocorre em cães e felinos domésticos, seus achados clínicos, diagnóstico, tratamento e prevenção, evidenciando sua importância na clínica médica de pequenos animais.
CARACTERÍSTICAS DE MORFOECOGENICIDADE UTERINA E DE CORPO LÚTEO E SUAS RELAÇÕES COM OS NÍVEIS DE PLASMÁTICOS DE PROGESTERONA EM ÉGUAS “BAIXADEIRO”
Authors: Cordeiro Rosa Luciana , Cristina Silva Dias Eliane , Silva Melo Renatta , Correa Pereira Felipe Lucas , Pliveira Chung Luiz Bruno , Moraes Junior Felipe de Jesus , De Macêdo Chaves Ricardo
Published: March 2021

O objetivo com este trabalho foi caracterizar os aspectos de morfoecogenicidade uterina e de corpo lúteo (CL) e a relação com as concentrações de progesterona (P4) em éguas “Baixadeiro”, durante os períodos chuvoso e seco. Foram utilizados nove animais, sincronizados com duas doses de análogo sintético de prostaglandina PGF2a, com intervalo de 10 dias e monitorados por palpação transretal e ultrassonografia a cada 48 horas. A ecogenicidade uterina foi determinada pelo grau de edema e a do CL foi classificada quanto à organização glandular. O sangue foi coletado por punção da veia jugular para determinação das concentrações de P4 pelo método ELISA. O índice pluviométrico não apresentou diferença estatística (p < 0,05). A taxa de luminosidade diferiu entre os períodos (p < 0,05). Peso e ECC não diferiram entre os períodos (p < 0,05). Dentre as éguas, 88,89% (8/9) ovularam no período chuvoso enquanto 55,56% (5/9) ovularam no período seco, não havendo diferença estatística (p < 0,05). Quanto à morfoecogenicidade uterina, não houve diferença significativa entre os períodos (p < 0,05). Houve diferença entre períodos (p > 0,05) para os níveis plasmáticos de P4, sendo maior a concentração no período chuvoso. Quanto à morfoecogenicidade de CL, estes apresentaram desde centro anecoico a hiperecogênico. Assim, as éguas do grupamento genético “Baixadeiro” mantiveram-se cíclica em ambos períodos chuvoso e seco; as mudanças na ecogenicidade e as concentrações de P4 correspondem ao esperado para a espécie independente do período; bem como não houve diferença de morfoecogenicidade uterina e de CL entre os períodos.
ACHADOS ANATOMOPATOLÓGICOS DE TOXOPLASMA SP. EM LAGOTHRIX LAGOTRICHA DA REGIÃO AMAZÔNICA
Authors: Roberta Valente Miranda de Aguirra Lucien , Katheryne Marques Bernal Marcella , Luiz Assunção Pereira Washington
Published: March 2021

O Toxoplasma gondii é um coccídeo zoonótico e cosmopolita, com transmissão horizontal e vertical, e ciclo biológico do tipo heteroxênico, capaz de infectar uma ampla variedade de animais homeotérmicos, incluindo primatas não-humanos e humanos. A evolução da enfermidade se dá de forma aguda e crônica, dependendo da relação parasito-hospedeiro, condição fisiológica do infectado e virulência, podendo levar ao óbito. Neste relato foi realizada a necropsia de três espécimes de Lagothrix lagotricha. No exame necroscópico dos espécimes foi observado edema pulmonar e aumento no tamanho dos linfonodos mesentéricos e submandibulares, fígado e baço. Amostras dos tecidos foram colhidas e fixadas em formol a 10% tamponado, processadas e analisadas. A histopatologia identificou estruturas do T. gondii nas formas de cistozoítos nos tecidos de linfonodo, musculatura cardíaca, pulmões, baço e fígado, e taquizoítos no tecido hepático. Conclui-se que este relato contribui para o conhecimento sobre a infecção por T. gondii em primatas não-humanos, considerando a possibilidade de continuidade do ciclo no ecossistema amazônico, pela observância das formas do coccídeo em diversos tecidos de L. lagotricha, sem desenvolver as alterações macroscópicas caraterísticas.
KOMUNIKASI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS DARING UNTUK ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS DI SEKOLAH INKLUSI
Authors: Mutiah
Published: March 2021

This research looks at the phenomenon of the Covid 19 pandemic conditions which require learning activities at school to change to studying at home. This home school learning relies on online media, which of course has its own challenges in the implementation process. The challenge for inclusive schools is how this learning communication can be sent to students with special needs online. The purpose of this study was to see the online-based learning communication process for students with special needs, thus this study used a qualitative approach with descriptive data presentation. From this research, it was found that online media was not able to bridge the learning communication carried out by schools for students with special needs. Therefore all learning materials and learning messages are modified by shadow teachers (teachers accompanying children with special needs). Researchers discuss this modification with the analysis of the communication model from Berlo, namely the aspects of source, messages, channel and receiver. The conclusion of this study is that online-based learning processes for children with special needs cannot be done because children with special needs actually need face-to-face communication, face-to-face communication is one of the therapeutic tools for advancing the abilities of children with special needs.
Key words: learning Communications, Children with Special needs, inclusive school
Efektivitas Implementasi Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) Dalam Upaya Penanggulangan Kemiskinan (Studi Pada Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Blitar)
Authors: Darajat Anwar Hakim , Ekasari Septa
Published: March 2021

Effectiveness in general states the extent to which a goal has been achieved whose initial process is determined by the target. Measuring the level of effectiveness is done by comparing the determined plan with the tangible results that are realized. Various efforts have been made by the Government of Indonesia to overcome various problems of poverty, one of which is through the Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH). Keluarga Penerima Manfaat (KPM) as one of the recipients of the conditional social assistance program who are designated as beneficiaries of the Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH). The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of the Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) in poverty reduction efforts and to find out the constraints of the Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) in poverty reduction efforts. The research method used a qualitative descriptive. The results show that the effectiveness of the implementation of the Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) can be said to be effective in poverty reduction efforts seen from several indicators of effectiveness, but there are still some obstacles including losing ATMs, understanding of socialization that is still not accepted, the difference in understanding between stakeholders and the difficult terrain. Suggestions provide re-socialization of the Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) to stakeholders so that the Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) can be right on target to the community and repair difficult terrain so that difficult areas can be reached.
Exílio e interrupção
Authors: Fagioli Julia
Published: March 2021

Tomando como pressuposta a ideia de que a montagem dos arquivos, em uma reelaboração da militância, poderia contribuir para um processo de entendimento da história, propomos, neste artigo, comparar dois filmes do contexto das ditaduras latino-americanas, a saber: a trilogia A batalha do Chile (GUZMÁN, 1975, 1976, 1979) e Cabra marcado para morrer (COUTINHO, 1984). A partir de uma comparação, buscamos perceber como se articulam a tomada e a retomada. Procuramos compreender como os aspectos formais dos filmes dão a ver a maneira como são atravessados por seus contextos, pelas condições às quais estão submetidos. Propomos, como hipótese, a ideia de que, enquanto os filmes de Guzmán, montados a partir de uma história ainda recente, são atravessados pela distância geográfica do exílio, o filme de Coutinho é atravessado pela interrupção temporal de quase 20 anos entre o filme que seria feito em 1964 e aquele que se realizou em 1984.
Characteristics of terahertz wave emissions under the coexistence of different sub-picosecond transient phenomena in GaAs epitaxial films
Authors: Hasegawa Takayuki , Okushima Yuta , Tanaka Yoshihito
Published: March 2021

We report on the characteristics of the terahertz waveform originating from both the nonequilibrium transport of photogenerated carriers and the longitudinal optical phonon-plasmon coupled mode in GaAs epitaxial structures having a built-in electric field. The terahertz waveforms at different pump fluences were analyzed by an equation for the coherent oscillations of plasmons and phonons in addition to a Monte Carlo simulation. We clearly distinguished the contributions of two transient phenomena to the terahertz waveform, which enables us to evaluate the relationship between various physical properties and the terahertz waveform. Based on the analysis, the sample structure dependence was discussed.
Feasibility of repurposing existing and abandoned hydrocarbon wells in the form of a geothermal well-triplet system
Authors: Bretán Dávid , Szűcs Péter , Miklós Rita , Ilyés Csaba
Published: March 2021

There are various types of extraction and utilization possibilities of geothermal energy, of which a large group is energy recovery. The development of this sector is slow mainly due to its high initial investment demand and the long planning phase. The overall goal of the present research is cutting the cost of the drilling phase as the most expensive part of the establishment by repurposing unused and abandoned hydrocarbon wells. The article assesses the feasibility of a geothermal well-triplet system chosen to be the most promising technique amongst several utilization possibilities depending on the characteristics of both the geological media and the method itself. From the 14 examined abandoned wells three were found to be suitable based on their current condition and distance from each other. The mentioned technique requires an adequately porous and permeable media which was not provided by the initial depth of the wells, thus the considerable option left was to overdrill the existing wells till they reach the target geology, the known fractured karstic aquifer below. The current study summarizes the final results of a long going research, from the geographical-, lithological surveys till the potential heat-transport modeling. This article supports the final aspirations of a further going research project as an integral part of it carried out by the University of Miskolc.
A homlokmarás hatékonyságának elemzése, a forgácsolóerő vizsgálata
Authors: Makkai Tamás
Published: March 2021

A cikk célja az EFOP 3.6.1. projekt támogatásával megvalósított kutatómunka bemutatása, eredményeinek összefoglalása. Az elvégzett feladatokról részletesen beszámoltam/beszámoltunk hazai és külföldi szakfolyóiratokban. A forgácsolási adatok megadásánál törekedni kell arra, hogy minél nagyobb anyagleválasztási sebességet lehessen megvalósítani, ugyanakkor a beállított értékekkel teljesülniük kell a legyártott alkatrészekre vonatkozó pontossági és minőségi követelményeknek. A technológiai paraméterek változása hatással van a forgácsolás során fellépő terhelésre, ezért kiemelkedően fontos a forgácsolóerő (és összetevőinek) a vizsgálata, az összefüggések feltárása.
Por- és gázrobbanásokkal kapcsolatos vizsgálatok alapjai és tapasztalatai
Authors: Mikáczó Viktória , Szepesi L. Gábor
Published: March 2021

Az ipari környezetben kialakuló por- és gázrobbanások számos veszélyt hordoznak magukban, amelyek következményeinek súlyossága lefúvásos védelemmel mérsékelhető. A szerkezetekben ekkor kialakuló redukált nyomás értéke nehezen jelezhető előre, hiszen a lejátszódó fizikai-kémiai folyamatok rendkívül összetettek. A lefúvóvezetékkel kiegészített hasadófelületek robbanást mérséklő hatása még ennél is bizonytalanabb, a mérnöki gyakorlatban pedig a szabványi számításoktól eltérő megoldásokra is igény mutatkozik. Jelen cikk a tématerület alapjait és a szerzők korábbi kutatásainak tapasztalatait foglalják össze. Megjelenésének célja, hogy segítséget nyújtson azok számára, akik jelenleg csak ismerkednek a szakterülettel, ám további kutatásokat szeretnének végezni a témában.
Tervezésmódszertani esetvizsgálatok
Authors: Szabó Kristóf
Published: March 2021

Az alábbi cikk összefoglalja Szabó Kristóf, a Miskolci Egyetem, Szerszámgépészeti és Mechatronikai Intézet, Szerszámgépek Intézeti Tanszéke tanársegéd és PhD hallgató EFOP-3.6.1 projektben végzett szakmai-kutató tevékenységét. A szerző az adott időszak alatt több tématerületet érintve folytatta tevékenységét, melynek eredményeit több nyelven is publikálta.
Fejlesztési irányok az anyagmozgatás-tervezésben
Authors: Telek Péter
Published: March 2021

Az anyagmozgató rendszerek tervezése bonyolult feladat, aminek oka elsősorban a kiszolgálási változatok és a kiszolgált technológiák sokféleségében, ill. a sztochasztikusan változó kiszolgálási igényekben rejlik. Az anyagmozgatás tervezési feladatok sokfélesége miatt ez különböző szoftverek alkalmazását igényli. A cikkben bemutatott kutatás egy olyan általános tervezési séma kidolgozását célozza meg, amivel ezt a problémát egyszerűsíteni lehet. A téma részletes feltárása után bemutatásra kerül az ún. folyamat alapú anyagmozgatás tervezési algoritmus, amely az integrált tervezési folyamat lépéseit felhasználva próbál egy áttekinthetőbb, kevésbé komplex megoldási sémát megvalósítani. A cikk a témában eddig megjelent kutatási eredményeket foglalja össze.
Az Ipari Automatizálás és Kommunikáció Tudományos Műhely munkássága és eredményei
Authors: Pintér Judit Mária
Published: March 2021

A Miskolci Egyetemen működő 5 Kiválósági Központ és a bennük működő Tudományos Műhelyek fő feladata, hogy tapasztalt szenior kutatók köré eredményes kutatói csapatok épüljenek fel. A Tudományos Műhelyeken belül új kutatók kapcsolódhatnak be növelve a kutatói motiváltságot és kihasználva az interdiszciplinaritásban rejlő előnyöket. A kijelölt stratégiai kutatási témák területén cél a kutató teamek tudományos láthatóságának növelése és pozícionálása az országos, európai és még szélesebb körű nemzetközi szakmai és tudományos közegben. Publikációm célja, hogy bemutassa az Ipari Automatizálás és Kommunikáció Tudományos Műhely munkásságát és eredményeit az EFOP-3.6.1-16-2016-00011 jelű „Fiatalodó és Megújuló Egyetem – Innovatív Tudásváros – a Miskolci Egyetem intelligens szakosodást szolgáló intézményi fejlesztése” projekt keretén belül.
A gazdasági és innovációs potenciálok hatására létrejövő családi kapcsolatok, viszonyok modern típusainak interdiszciplináris vizsgálata
Authors: Kriston Edit
Published: March 2021

A tanulmány lényege az EFOP-3.6.1-16-2016-00011 azonosító számú, „Fiatalodó és megújuló Egyetem Innovatív Tudásváros, A Miskolci Egyetem intelligens szakosodást szolgáló intézményfejlesztése” elnevezésű projektben végzett egyéni kutatómunka összefoglalása. Ahogy az a tanulmány címéből is látható, interdiszciplináris megközelítésből került elemzésre a családi kapcsolatok jogi szabályozásának rendszere, előtérbe helyezve a gazdaságban és a társadalomban végbemenő innovációs folyamatok leképződését és hatásait.
Szexuális kultúra vizsgálata miskolci középiskolás diákok körében
Authors: Kiss-Kondás Dóra
Published: March 2021

A családalapítás és az azt megelőző életesemények időzítése változást mutat a korábbi évtizedekhez képest. A szexuális élet kezdete a középiskolai évek idejére tehető. Az oktatási intézmények jelentős szerepet töltenek be az ismeretátadásban, azonban a család szerepe sem elhanyagolható. A kutatás célja a szexuális magatartás és tájékozottság felmérése, valamint annak megállapítása volt, hogy hol tudnak hatékonyan bekapcsolódni a szexuális egészségnevelés folyamatába az egészségügyi tanár mesterdiplomát szerzettek. A 150 miskolci középiskolás diák által kitöltött kérdőívek elemzése mentén látható, hogy a vizsgált diákok nagyobb része szexuálisan még nem aktív. A védekezéssel összefüggő ismereteik többségében megfelelőek. A család szerepe az információátadásban viszont csekély. A vizsgálat feltárta a beavatkozás optimális idejét és bizonyos ismeretbéli hiányosságokra is rámutatott, amelyek segíthetik a szexuális nevelés tervezését.
A közigazgatás térbeli változásai az Aldunai-hegyvidék térségében a török hódoltságtól napjainkig
Authors: Elekes Tibor , Szalóczy Gyula , Huszti Ádám Márk , Kémenes Hortenzia
Published: March 2021

A tanulmányozott területen a vármegye/megye, illetve az annak megfelelő kiterjedésű területegységek, rövidebb időszakoktól eltekintve jelen vannak a térség utóbbi évezredének történelmében a Magyar Királyságban, a török hódoltság idején, a Habsburg időkben, a Monarchia Magyarországán és a 20-21. századi Romániában. A Habsburg időkben 1718-1779, 1784-1790 és 1849-1860 között a vármegyék feletti nagyobb közigazgatási egységeket alakítottak ki. 1950-1968 között működtették Romániában a tartomány-rajon rendszert. A vármegyéknek, megyéknek alárendelt térszervezési szint, már a Habsburg birodalom idején létezett. 1950-ben számolták fel Romániában a járásokat. A közigazgatás legalsó szintjét a falu/község képezte. 1930-tól napjainkig Romániában az egy vagy több faluból álló komuna tölti be ezt a szerepkört. A térszervezés a természeti adottságok (domborzat, vízhálózat), a településhálózat, a társadalmi-gazdasági tényezők függvényében, de elsősorban a mindenkori politikai hatalom érdekei szerint alakult.
A vízsugaras esztergálás sajátosságai
Authors: Kun-Bodnár Krisztina
Published: March 2021

A cikk az abrazív vízsugaras vágógépen végzett esztergálási kísérleteket és az ahhoz szükséges forgató berendezés, technológiai adatok, eljárások megválasztásának szempontjait mutatja be.
Supporting Body Material for Ceramic Diamond Grinding Tools
Authors: Staniewicz-Brudnik Barbara , Figiel Paweł , Skrabalak Grzegorz , Karolus Małgorzata
Published: March 2021

The characteristics of abrasive tools (the type of grinding wheel, granulation of the super hard grain, type of structure, hardness, and the type of binder) contain information on the type of supporting body materials used (e.g., dural, ceramic, steel). In this work, diamond wheels were obtained on ceramic supporting bodies, containing a sintered mixture of white alumina 99A granulation F320, green silicon carbide 99A granulation F320, and binder Ba23 bis, together with modifiers. The mechanical properties (hardness, bending strength) of ceramic supporting bodies were tested. The structure of the phase boundary of the ceramic supporting body–abrasive grinding tool was analyzed on a BEC (backscattered electron composition) image by using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). It was found that the hardness of the supporting body was slightly lower (70–75 HRB) than the diamond wheels (76–81 HRB). The bending strength of the supporting bodies was high (85 ±2 MPa). The BEC image from the scanning microscope did not show a sharp transition between the ceramic supporting body and the grinding wheel. Preliminary operational tests showed significant improvement in grinding wheel efficiency in comparison to diamond tools with the same ceramic binder on a duralumin supporting body during machining of G30 sintered carbide bush.