bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Por práticas relacionais no design
Authors: Almeida Ana Julia Melo , Montuori Bruna Ferreira , Nicoletti Viviane Mattos , Santos Maria Cecilia Loschiavo dos
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo busca construir uma noção de design relacional que articula o campo do design e elucida práticas que reconhecem as hierarquias e as desigualdades existentes. O objetivo é repensar a postura dos profissionais e refletir maneiras de reposicionar o lugar de fala dos atores envolvidos considerando-os como participantes ativos. Trata-se de um alargamento teórico para a prática de design, ao considerar outras maneiras de pensar e fazer design. Evidencia-se a troca com outros campos do conhecimento, como a antropologia, filosofia, sociologia e a arte, visando a fomentar a multidisciplinaridade a partir de outras capacidades de ação, incluindo a cooperação, o aprendizado e a reciprocidade.
DINÂMICA MIGRATÓRIA NO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO PÓS-2010: O PERFIL DO IMIGRANTE LOCAL
Authors: Lima Ana Carolina Da Cruz
Published: February 2020

A partir dos microdados das PNADs de 2011 a 2015, o artigo analisa as matrizes migratórios interestaduais do Rio de Janeiro e realiza uma caracterização do perfil de seu imigrante. Os dados evidenciam que a crise econômico-financeira estadual deflagrada a partir de 2014 está associada a uma redução do saldo migratório estadual, cuja magnitude provavelmente não foi mais expressiva devido ao caráter inercial de seus fluxos migratórios (existência de redes de contato entre regiões de origem e destino e sua implicação para a redução dos riscos do deslocamento, especialmente em contextos de crise). Observa-se relativa seletividade (e estabilidade) no processo migratório: os imigrantes fluminenses tendem a ser homens, brancos, com situação conjugal estável e com elevados níveis de escolaridade. Há indícios de aumento da migração das mulheres e de indivíduos pretos e pardos, todavia, estas características ainda não são as mais beneficiadas pelo processo migratório.
ANÁLISE SOBRE A EFICÁCIA DA OPERAÇÃO URBANA CONSORCIADA E DA OUTORGA ONEROSA DO DIREITO DE CONSTRUIR PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE PERIFERIAS INTRAMUNICIPAIS
Authors: Cruz Carlos Eduardo De Souza
Published: February 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é compreender em que medida a condição periférica de certas áreas intramunicipais pode comprometer a capacidade de instrumentos de política urbana de gerarem os efeitos que deles são esperados nessas áreas. Por meio de investigação bibliográfica e de coleta de dados, foram analisados os instrumentos da operação urbana consorciada e da outorga onerosa do direito de construir, observando, em particular, as experiências com ambos os instrumentos nos municípios do Rio de Janeiro e de São Paulo. Com base na matriz de produção social do espaço e em uma abordagem institucionalista, a análise realizada evidenciou que os instrumentos investigados, particularmente o caso das operações urbanas consorciadas, deparam-se com limitações institucionais, no espaço urbano, capazes de comprometer sua viabilidade como importantes alternativas de indução do desenvolvimento urbano em grandes periferias intramunicipais. Foi possível constatar que remanescem como desafios comuns, para a eficácia desses instrumentos, o aumento de controle social, a necessidade de redesenho institucional voltado à ampliação de capacidades políticas e redistributivas, assim como a maior projeção das periferias urbanas como categoria de análise institucional.
DA RESPOSTA À PREVENÇÃO: INTERFACES ENTRE A GESTÃO DE RISCO DE DESASTRES E O PLANEJAMENTO URBANO
Authors: Rodrigues Maria Rita
Published: February 2020

Nas últimas décadas os desastres têm se tornado uma temática cada vez mais presente no cotidiano das populações das mais variadas regiões, evidenciando um significativo incremento não somente em termos de frequência e intensidade, mas também demonstrando que os impactos causam danos e prejuízos cada vez mais vultosos. O gerenciamento de risco de desastres no contexto nacional historicamente priorizou as ações de resposta, de modo que tanto o processo legislativo quanto as políticas públicas apresentaram características tipicamente reativas, o que, somado ao fato de que a temática em questão foi igualmente negligenciada pela agenda urbana, contribuiu para a vulnerabilidade das cidades brasileiras aos desastres socioambientais. Nada obstante, determinados acontecimentos com aspectos catastróficos que se sucederam na transição da primeira para a segunda década do sec. XXI foram como uma espécie de irritação sistêmica, uma vez que suscitaram uma resposta política que se revelou com a aprovação da Lei Federal nº 12.608/2012. A referida legislação em conexão ao Estatuto da Cidade conforma os instrumentos jus-urbanísticos aos princípios da proteção e da prevenção, de modo que a ordenação e controle do uso do solo deve evitar a exposição da população a riscos de desastres. Em que pese o avanço legislativo e a nova reorientação da política urbana, alguns desafios se impõem. A descontinuidade das políticas públicas urbanísticas e os cortes orçamentários são reveses que precisam ser enfrentados para que de fato se alcance a resiliência das cidades.
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs
Authors: Woodham-Davies Sian
Published: February 2020

This article discusses keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), factors that may contribute towards KCS and how we might treat/manage it. KCS is often characterised by uncomfortable eyes accompanied with mucopurulent discharge and a general dry appearance to the cornea. Often these patients present to the veterinary practice with secondary complications such as corneal ulcers and infections. In this instance it may be difficult to get a diagnosis of KCS, however this article will discuss some pre-disposing factors, and this information along with patient history may help towards deciding treatment options. KCS can be difficult to manage if the patient is not cooperative and so this article will touch on cyclosporin implants which can be a median-term alternative to administering eye drops. Cyclosporin implants are commonly used in veterinary equine practice, however they can be similarly used for small animal patients and can provide much relief for pets and owners!
Cardiovascular monitoring of the canine gastric dilatation volvulus patient
Authors: Homer Amy
Published: February 2020

Gastric dilatation volvulus is an acute and life-threatening disease requiring immediate intervention and intensive nursing. The presence of a large gas-filled stomach and subsequent twisting of the stomach results in compression of surrounding organs, hypovolaemic and cardiogenic shock. Cardiovascular effects of gastric dilatation volvulus include cardiac arrhythmias, hypotension, electrolyte and acid–base imbalance, and ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Understanding the negative effects on the cardiovascular system will allow detection and early intervention should complications arise.
Practical behavioural first aid for rabbits
Authors: Valvona Carol
Published: February 2020

According to a survey conducted by the RSPCA, rabbits are one of the most neglected and misunderstood pets in the UK. As they suffer in silence, welfare issues can go unnoticed unless they become a problem for the owner.
How to conduct an effective patient handover
Authors: Kerrigan Lynne
Published: February 2020

Within a busy veterinary practice, it can feel at times as if there is simply no time to stop. There is always a set of test results ready, medication to be administered, clients to call and so on. However, taking the time to properly hand over details of your patients to the next staff member is vital in providing continuity of care. British Medical Association (BMA) et al (2005) suggested that handover of care is one of the most perilous procedures in healthcare; when carried out improperly this can be considered a major contributory factor to subsequent error and harm to patients. There is also the human cost to consider: the distress, anxiety and loss of confidence that poor handovers can lead to for clients and for staff. It is therefore essential that all personnel involved in patient handovers understand the most effective methods and are aware of what information to prioritise.
It's FAB! Launch of the Fellowship of Animal Behaviour Clinicians (FABC)
Authors: Hargrave Claire
Published: February 2020

This week marks an exciting new era in the world of clinical animal behaviour with the official launch of the Fellowship of Animal Behaviour Clinicians (FABC), an organisation with a clear purpose in supporting the development of clinical animal behaviourists in the UK. Claire Hargrave explains.
Trampoline-related proximal tibia impaction fractures in children: A population-based approach to epidemiology and radiographic findings between 2006 and 2017
Authors: Jääskelä Maija , Kuivalainen Laura , Victorzon Sarita , Serlo Willy , Lempainen Lasse , Sinikumpu Juha-Jaakko
Published: February 2020

Purpose

Proximal tibia impaction fractures are specific injuries, usually caused by trampolining. They may associate with later growth disturbances. There is sparse understanding about their recent epidemiology, in particular the changing incidence. Their typical radiographic findings are not completely known.

Methods

All children, aged < 16 years, who had suffered from proximal tibia fracture in Oulu Arc and Oulu between 2006 and 2017 were enrolled (n = 101). Their annual incidence was determined using the official population-at-risk, obtained from the Statistics Finland. The specific characteristics and risk factors of the patients and their fractures were evaluated. Radiographic findings were analyzed, in particular the anterior tilting of the proximal growth plate, due to impaction.

Results

The annual incidence increased two-fold from 9.5 per 100 000 children (2006 to 2009) to 22.0 per 100 000 (2014 to 2017) (difference: 12.5; 95% confidence interval 5.1 to 20.3 per 100 000; p = 0.0008). The mean annual incidence of trampoline impaction leg fractures was 15.4 per 100 000 children. In 80% of the cases multiple children had been jumping together on the trampoline. Anterior tilting (mean 7.3°, SD 2.5°, 6.1° to 19.1°)) of the proximal tibial plate was seen in 68.3% of the patients. Satisfactory bone union was found in 92.7% during follow-up. Isolated patients presented delayed bone healing.

Conclusion

The incidence of trampoline leg fractures has increased 130% during the 12 years of the study period. Many of these injuries could have been prevented by avoiding having several jumpers on the trampoline at the same time. Anterior tilting of the growth plate was a common finding and should be recognized in the primary radiographs.

Level of evidence

IV
Recent Research Trends in Moxibustion Treatment in Korea
Authors: Lee Ju-Hyeon , Hwang Doo-ree , Hong Seung-Hyo
Published: February 2020

A total of 1,235 studies were retrieved on June 23, 2019, from 3 databases. Selected 59 studies were evaluated by year of publication, study type, subject condition/disease, acupoint, standards for reporting interventions in clinical trials of moxibustion (STRICTOM), Cochrane risk of bias (RoB), and risk of bias assessment tool for non-randomized study (RoBANS). Most studies were conducted in 2011, after which the number of studies decreased. The most common study type was 25 case reports (CR), 16 uncontrolled clinical trials (UCT), 11 randomized controlled trials (RCT), and 7 controlled clinical trials (CCT). Moxibustion treatment was mainly used for musculoskeletal and circulatory diseases/conditions. A total of 83 acupoints were used, A-shi points being the most used. As for STRICTOM, an average of 7.4 items were satisfactory for UCT and CR without a control group, and an average of 9.4 items were satisfactory for RCT and CCT. RCT was assessed using the RoB, and many items were rated as uncertain. In this study, the need for RCT of moxibustion treatment in Korea was identified. The detailed description of study methods and results will provide evidence for the efficacy of moxibustion treatment in preventive and therapeutic aspects of Korean traditional medicine.
Current Research Trends in Randomized Controlled Trials Investigating the Combined Effect of Korean Medicine and Western Medicine Treatment
Authors: Ha Dohyung , Kim Seoyeon , Baek Yong Hyeon , Won Jiyoon , Nam Seri , Shin Jeeyoung , Kwon Oh-Hoon , Kim Soo-Yeon , Lee Hyangsook
Published: February 2020

This review examined recently published (July 2014 to June 2017), randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which investigated the safety and effectiveness of combined Korean medicine/complementary alternative medicine (CAM) and Western medicine, to indicate the direction for integrative medical practice. The Korean Medicine Convergence Research Information Center evidence-based medicine database (KMCRIC EBM DB) was used to retrieve relevant RCTs indexed in the last 3 years. Study design, country, sample size, disease/condition with the Korean Standard Classification of Diseases code, interventions, direction of outcomes, and adverse events were extracted and summarized. A total of 93 RCTs were included in this review. Acupuncture/moxibustion was the most commonly used intervention (n = 47; 51%), and 19% (n = 18) of the studies treated musculoskeletal disorders, followed by circulatory disorders (n = 16; 17%), and mental and behavioral disorders (n = 9; 10%). Integrative treatment was reported as more effective than monotherapy in approximately 83% of these studies. Adverse events were poorly reported in most studies. This review suggests that integrative treatments are feasible, effective, and safe for various diseases/conditions, based on the evidence from recently published RCTs. Future studies on integrative healthcare are warranted.
Pressure Levels in Cupping Therapy: A Systemic Review
Authors: Kim Ku Weon , Lee Tae Wook , Lee Ha Lim , An Soo Kwang , Park Hyo Sung , Choi Ji Won , Lee Byung Ryul , Yang Gi Young
Published: February 2020

This is a systematic review of the clinical use of cupping therapy. Four domestic databases and 2 foreign databases were searched. Studies that reported the cupping pressure used during cupping therapy were included in this study. The types of cupping, cupping site, pressure, and duration of cupping were the main parameters analyzed. A total of 27 studies, including 24 experimental studies were analyzed. There were 12 constant negative pressure (domestic) studies with a range between 60 mmHg and 600 mmHg. There were 5 maximum negative pressure (domestic) studies and the maximum negative pressure was 620 mmHg. Three studies used a maximum negative pressure of 600 mmHg. There were 4 constant negative pressure (foreign) studies with a range between 75 mmHg to 750 mmHg. There were 3 maximum negative pressure (foreign) studies with a maximum pressure of 420 mmHg. The studies differed with regards to the materials used and the amount of pressure applied. Many studies had limited information and therefore generalizability of the results in this review is limited. Further experimental studies are required to establish the correlation between cupping pressure and treatment effects so that cupping therapy can be standardised.
Does online counselling provide better access to victim services? Insights and reflections from a swiss pilot evaluation
Authors: Gloor Daniela , Meier Hanna
Published: February 2020

Counselling and support for victims of gender-based violence constitute a vital component of today’s established prevention and intervention work. Nevertheless, a crucial question is, who is actually reached by different types of counselling? Or, in other words: how to ensure access and quality counselling for as many and as different people as possible? In this context interest in web-based counselling forms, online counselling, has recently grown. This article looks at the current discussion on opportunities and limits of online counselling in the case of domestic violence. We present findings from an evaluation which examined the experiences of a pilot project that was developed and implemented by an established counselling centre for women in Zurich, Switzerland. Empirical findings suggest that there is a demand for this new counselling form which offers its own distinct qualities and has the potential to reach further target groups.
Sueños y visiones iniciáticas en las vidas de los santos estilitas.
Authors: Narro Ángel
Published: February 2020

The lives of the Stylite saints share many common literary motifs structuring the story of each text. At the same time, these motifs clearly show how the biographies of these saints were connected among themselves and even may reveal the existence of a specific hagiographical genre. Among them, the presence of dreams and visions are of great importance. Thus, an overview of the scenes in which these elements are featured is absolutely necessary to establish intertextual or generic relationships among the lives of these saints of the Middle Byzantine period.
Los ducados de Atenas y Neopatria en el comercio regional e internacional durante la dominación catalana (siglo XIV). II: el comercio de larga distancia a través del observatorio de Barcelona y Mallorca.
Authors: Duran Duelt Daniel
Published: February 2020

Commercial exchanges in and with the Duchies of Athens and Neopatria during the “Catalan” domination have received little interest from researchers. Nevertheless, unpublished documentation from archives allows us to characterize now those commercial activities and to highlight an intensity far from traditional assumptions. From the commercial point of view the two most outstanding characteristics of this period will be the emergence of new agents with a leading role, the Catalans, and a new product, the slave, which will also be the basis on which an active long-distance trade will be sustained, especially with the island of Mallorca.
Las imágenes sagradas en Bizancio (siglos VI-VIII). Teología e iconografía entre mito y realidad.
Authors: Fogliadini Emanuela
Published: February 2020

The focus of this paper is double: an overview of the theological discussion from the Council of Chalcedon to the Council of Nicaea II about the status of the sacred images in Christianity, and a global inquiry around the iconography proofs in monumental art before the so called “Iconoclastic controversy” (726/730-843). The interconnection through theological speculations, conciliar decrees, mosaics and frescoes in the apse or on the floors of the churches, aims at restoring the complexity of the role and diffusion of the sacred images between the 6th and 8th centuries in the Byzantine Empire. A detailed presentation of the respective Christological positions of iconomachs and iconophiles and an overview of the main iconographical subjects preserved in the churches will help to overcome some myths that historiography has consigned to history and to achieve a more faithful approach to historical realities.
Beneficios de la hidroterapia en el trabajo de parto. Estudio de revisión.
Authors: Benavides-Navarro Andrea , Benavides-Navarro Andrea
Published: February 2020

Introduction The growing demand of pregnant women to achieve a delivery as physiological as possible has led to a decrease in interventional techniques and consequently a rise in the search for alternative techniques for the relief of pain during labor, among which we can highlight hydrotherapy. Objectives To describe the effectiveness of the use of hydrotherapy in relation to the perception of pain during labor. Methodology Bibliographic review using the databases PubMed, Cuiden, Cuidatge, Cochrane Library and CINHAL. Results A total of 17 articles have been included: 13 original articles and 4 bibliographic reviews. In addition to this, the Clinical Practice Guideline on Normal Birth Care has been used. The articles refer to the maternal and perinatal results of the use of hydrotherapy in the dilatation phase and the expulsive phase, as well as the perceptions of midwives, nurses and pregnant women of its use. Conclusions The use of the hydrotherapy during the dilation phase of labor decreases the perception of pain and the use of pharmacological measures. However, the safety and efficacy of immersion in water in the expulsive phase have not been established and no benefits have been associated for the mother or the foetus.
El alivio del dolor en el parto. Empoderamiento y vulnerabilidad de las mujeres en la toma de decisiones. Estudio cualitativo.
Authors: Goberna-Tricas Josefina , Biurrun-Garrido Ainoa
Published: February 2020

Introduction In Spain the use of epidurals for pain relief during childbirth is widespread. Currently, we can observe a progressive change in attitude towards a less interventionist care and the use of non-pharmacological methods to reduce pain, unless the woman has left instructions otherwise. Aims To explore the decision-making process concerning pain relief methods in childbirth in order to detect the elements of vulnerability that are present in said process and examine the demands directed towards healthcare professionals. Methodology This study has applied a qualitative methodology with a phenomenological theoretical-methodological approach. The technique used to obtain information was the semistructured individual interview. The study was carried out in Catalonia. The participants were 17 adult women with low-risk pregnancies. Results Three categories have been identified after the analysis: (a) Completion of the birth plan: an approach to the decision; (b) The rationale of the decision: resources and barriers; and (c) The approach to pain in childbirth: elements of vulnerability. Conclusions Women do not always make firm decisions when completing the birth plan; The decisions expressed may be statements of intent. At the time of delivery, the perceived pain can be experienced as a threat that makes them feel vulnerable. The role of midwives and other healthcare professionals is to help work out this sense of vulnerability.
Desarrollo rural comunitario: experiencia de la Escuela Argentina de Negocios en Zárate, Buenos Aires.
Authors: Gallo Graciela
Published: February 2020

This paper describes the implementation and results analysis of a service learning experience in the rural areas of Zár ate, in the province of Buenos Aires, understanding the proposal as transversal to the university’s main missions: teaching, research and outreach. Grounded on a social responsibility perspective, the project combined service learning criteria and theoreti cal foundations with the key issue of developing community tourism, thus responding to the specific needs of the participating families. Students, teachers and local agents valued the experience in particular, evidencing personal development, a positive ch ange in the relationship with their peers and with others, and a qualitative and quantitative improvement in their personal and group projects. For Escuela Argentina de Negocios (EAN), the experience led to better working links with other institutions, all owing the school to demonstrate a necessary and innovative opening in its relationship with society and with its educational spaces, and reaching the goal of enabling its young students to develop professional competences such as cooperation, self
Una experiencia de aprendizaje-servicio solidario con escuelas de islas.
Authors: Filipczak Marisa
Published: February 2020

Promoting an integral education that places the student at the centre of learning and aims to offer a learning trajectory in which students are the protagonists requires a strong institutional commitment. Accompanying children and young people in the construction of a life proj ect implies offering them educational experiences that incorporate values, experiences and reflection. This article describes one of the solidary service learning projects developed by the CEF (Franciscan Educational Centre) "San Francisco Solano", in the city of Rosario, Argentina, in collaboration with the non profit group "Friends of the River". The project aims to gather together students and teachers from CEF and from the schools in the islands, looking to use this exchange to promote respect for diver sity, work for justice and environmental care.
Movilidad residencial en tiempos de crisis. El caso de la Región Metropolitana de Barcelona.
Authors: García Coll Arlinda , López Villanueva Cristina , Pujadas Rúbies Isabel
Published: February 2020

This article focuses on the effect of the crisis on residential mobility from the study of intrametropolitan migration of the Metropolitan Region of Barcelona. Despite the apparent stability of residential mobility after the outbreak of the crisis, in-depth analysis shows that the crisis reduces significantly the mobility of foreigners, the group 25-34 years and those older than 55 years, as well as movements to sprawl municipalities. In contrast, there is an increase in immigration to compact areas. The conclusion is that we are in a time of transition in which the sprawl areas still show net migration gains, despite the progressive decrease in immigration. Instead, compact municipalities have still negative net migration rates, although they are increasing their immigration. In the case of the RMB, the crisis works by slowing the process of residential dispersion, while enhancing values in compact areas that earn attractive as a destination for intra-metropolitan migration.
Laser fluorescence spectroscopy in predicting the formation of a keloid scar: preliminary results and the role of lipopigments
Authors: Viktoriya Andreeva , Irina Raznitsyna , Anastasiia Gerzhik , Alexey Glazkov , Mikhail Makmatov-Rys , Eleonora Birlova , Yuliya Chursinova , Maksim Bobrov , Dmitry Rogatkin , Aleksandr Sipkin , Dmitry Kulikov
Published: February 2020

Keloid scars, in contrast to other scar types, significantly reduce the patient's quality of life. To develop a nondestructive optical diagnostic technique predicting the keloid scars formation in vivo, laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (LFS) was used to study the autofluorescence in skin of patients with various types of head and neck cicatricial deformities. The unexpected results were obtained for the endogenous fluorescence of lipofuscin. Significantly reduced autofluorescence of lipofuscin was registered both in the intact and in the keloid scar tissues in comparison with the intact and scar tissues in patients with hypertrophic and normotrophic scars. Sensitivity and specificity achieved by LFS in keloid diagnosis are 81.8% and 93.9% respectively. It could take place due to the changes in the reductive-oxidative balance in cells, as well as due to the proteolysis processes violation. Therefore, we suppose that the evaluation of the lipofuscin autofluorescence in skin before any surgical intervention could predict the probability of the subsequent keloid scars formation.
GNPy: an open source application for physical layer aware open optical networks
Authors: Ferrari Alessio , Filer Mark , Balasubramanian Karthikeyan , Yin Yawei , Le Rouzic Esther , Kundrát Jan , Grammel Gert , Galimberti Gabriele , Curri Vittorio
Published: February 2020

In this paper, we describe the validation of GNPy. GNPy is an open source application that approaches the optical layer according to a disaggregated paradigm, and its core engine is a quality-of-transmission estimator for coherent wavelength division multiplexed optical networks. This software is versatile. It can be used to prepare a request for proposal/request for quotation, as an engine of a what-if analysis on the physical layer, to optimize the network configuration to maximize the channel capacity, and to investigate the capacity and performance of a deployed network. We validate GNPy by feeding it with data from the network controller and comparing the results to experimental measurements on mixed-fiber, Raman-amplified, multivendor scenarios over the full C-band. We then test transmission distances from 400 up to 4000 km, polarization-multiplexed (PM) quadrature phase shift keying, the PM-8 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and PM-16QAM formats, erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) and mixed Raman–EDFA amplification, and different power levels. We show excellent accuracy in predicting both the optical signal-to-noise ratio and the generalized signal-to-noise ratio (GSNR), within 1 dB accuracy for more than 90% of the 500 experimental samples. We also demonstrate the ability to estimate the transmitted power maximizing the GSNR within 0.5 dB of accuracy.
Low-loss, low-crosstalk waveguide crossing for scalable integrated silicon photonics applications
Authors: Johnson Mack , Thompson Mark G. , Sahin Döndü
Published: February 2020

A waveguide crossing based on multi-mode interference is designed and experimentally characterized on the silicon platform. The insertion loss of the device is measured as 43 ± 4 mdB per crossing, with a crosstalk of < -50 dB between 1550 and 1560 nm, in good agreement with predictions from 3D finite-difference time-domain simulations. Furthermore, the device backscatter was investigated using white light reflectometry and no significant backscatter was observed from 160 waveguide crossings in the time domain. In the frequency domain, the backscatter of the waveguide crossing device was measured experimentally for the first time, achieving a backscatter of -55 dB. The crossing has a footprint of 14.3 x 14.3 µm2 and can be fabricated in a single step.
High energy, high brightness picosecond master oscillator power amplifier with output power 65.5 W
Authors: Liu Xuesheng , Jia Wenzeng , Song Yiheng , Yang Song , Liu Shu , Liu Youqiang , Yan Anru , Wang Zhiyong
Published: February 2020

In this article, it is demonstrated the generation of high pulse energy, high beam quality and high brightness mode-locked picosecond pulses from a compact Nd:YVO4 master oscillator power amplifier system. This system mainly consisted of a SESAM mode-locked picosecond seed generator and four-stage multi-pass amplifiers. A pulse picker was adopted prior to power amplifiers to efficiently reduce the pulse repetition rate. The maximum average output power of 65.5 W was obtained with a repetition rate of 496.85 kHz and a pulse duration of 16.9 ps, corresponding to a maximum pulse energy of 131.83 µJ and a peak power of 7.8 MW. While simultaneously, the output beam quality factors along the x axis and the y axis were measured to be Mx2=1.36 and My2=1.32, respectively, therefore, a brightness as high as 3.22 × 109 W·cm−2·Sr was achieved. As far as we all know, this is the highest brightness for a picosecond pulsed Nd:YVO4 MOPA laser at 1064 nm.
Femtosecond CPA hybrid laser system with pulse-on-demand operation
Authors: Černe Luka , Petelin Jaka , Petkovšek Rok
Published: February 2020

In this manuscript we present a true pulse-on-demand concept of a hybrid CPA laser system, consisting of a chirped-pulse fiber amplifier and an additional solid-state amplifier, capable of generating femtosecond pulses on demand without an external optical modulator/shutter. Pulse-on-demand operation is achieved by introducing idler pulses with a few nanoseconds duration and selectively switching between the femtosecond and idler pulses. The idler pulses are used to maintain a constant population inversion in the fiber amplifier as well as in the solid-state amplifier. Second harmonic generation (SHG) unit then effectively filters out the idler pulses due to their low peak power, leaving only a stable femtosecond pulse train. This concept is demonstrated on a CPA hybrid system that can generate pulses with up to 200 µJ at 515 nm with a pulse duration under 450 fs. As there is no optical modulator at the laser output, the presented concept also enables further power scaling.
Waveband-shift-free optical phase conjugator based on difference-frequency generation
Authors: Okamura Yasuhiro , Takada Atsushi
Published: February 2020

In this paper, a waveband-shift-free optical phase conjugator based on difference-frequency generation (DFG-OPC) that enables broadband operation is proposed and theoretically investigated. First, the principle of phase-conjugated (PC) wave generation with the DFG-OPC is mathematically described. Using a Sagnac loop interferometer with a χ(2) optical nonlinear material and two dispersive elements (DEs), a PC wave with the same wavelength as a signal can be generated. Subsequently, the required DE length difference for the PC wave generation is theoretically calculated. The calculation results indicate the minimal DE length difference is 20.0 μm, and this is because the DFG-OPC enables broadband operation. Second, the wavelength characteristics of the DFG-OPC are investigated through numerical simulation. The operation bandwidth of the DFG-OPC depends on the DE length difference, and an operating bandwidth of the DFG-OPC of 54.5 nm can be achieved when the DE length difference is less than 0.01 m. Finally, the influence of the splitting ratio of an optical 3-dB coupler in the DFG-OPC is numerically studied. The results indicate that tolerance of the optical coupler splitting ratio is equal to or less than ±6% for the DFG-OPC.
Second-harmonic generation spectroscopy in gold nanorod-based epsilon-near-zero metamaterials
Authors: Kolmychek I. A. , Novikov V. B. , Malysheva I. V. , Leontiev A. P. , Napolskii K. S. , Murzina T. V.
Published: February 2020

The interest in hyperbolic metamaterials is fueled by fascinating optical properties exhibited by this class of artificial media. Their optical features originate from hyperbolic dispersion emerging due to the shape anisotropy of the metal–dielectric composite. In this work, we study experimentally and numerically the second-harmonic generation (SHG) in ordered arrays of Au nanorods embedded in porous aluminum oxide. Strong increase of the SHG intensity in the vicinity of the epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) spectral point accompanied by dramatic phase modulation of the SHG wave is revealed. These effects are attributed to resonant enhancement of the electric field of the light wave and transition from the elliptical to hyperbolic dispersion law in hyperbolic metamaterials near the ENZ point.
Widely tunable polarization conversion in low-doped graphene-dielectric metasurfaces based on phase compensation
Authors: Guan Shengnan , Cheng Jierong , Chen Tiehong , Chang Shengjiang
Published: February 2020

We propose a tri-band half-wave plate in the reflection mode, composed of rectangular silicon bar arrays on a 10-layer graphene substrate. By merely varying the Fermi energy of graphene from 0 to 0.25 eV, the three frequency bands shift in step and merge to a continuous dynamic bandwidth from 0.88 to 1.81 terahertz (THz). In addition, it can also dynamically switch the reflected wave among cross-linear polarization, right-handed and left-handed circular polarization in 0.93–1.35 THz. We found that the large dynamic bandwidth originates from the tunable reflection phase from the graphene layers. As it no longer depends on the plasmonic resonance in graphene, the proposed hybrid metasurface offers an alternative solution for active THz polarization devices with low biasing voltages.
Mathematical method for designing superresolution lenses using superoscillations
Authors: Smith Matt K. , Gbur Greg
Published: February 2020

We use a new mathematical method to design a superresolution lens using a superoscillation technique based on polynomial roots. We walk through an example of the method using simulations. Our method allows for ease of design by being mathematically and conceptually simpler than other methods.
High-speed dual-view photoacoustic imaging pen
Authors: Zhang Wuyu , Ma Haigang , Cheng Zhongwen , Wang Zhiyang , Xiong Kedi , Yang Sihua
Published: February 2020

Today, photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is widely used to study diseases in the skin, brain, cardiovascular, and other parts. However, these studies are often carried out using physiological slices or model animals, which indicate that many PAI techniques can only be used in the laboratory. In order to promote the transformation of PAI into clinical applications or, more specifically, to extend the application of photoacoustic (PA) microscopy to areas such as the oral cavity, throat, cervix, and abdominal viscera which are difficult to detect with conventional PA microscopy systems, a PAI pen was developed. The PAI pen can be handheld and can perform forward detection and lateral detection. The imaging area is a 2.4 mm diameter circular area. In addition, it can provide a high-speed imaging mode of four frames per second and a high-resolution imaging mode of 0.25 frames per second to meet the different needs of clinical users. In this Letter, the performance of the PAI pen was tested by imaging the phantom and the human oral cavity. The experimental results prove that the PAI pen can clearly image the microvessels of the oral cavity, which indicates that it has the same imaging capability for other similar areas and has a good prospect for assisting the diagnosis of related diseases.
The dynamic morphology of glucose as expressed via Raman and terahertz spectroscopy
Authors: Fredeen Naomi V. , Lesack Nikolai I. , Ciocoiu Antonia , Garner Alexander M. , Zandberg Wesley F. , Jirasek Andrew , Holzman Jonathan F.
Published: February 2020

The proposed work introduces time-captured Raman and terahertz spectroscopic analyses as orthogonal probes of intramolecular and intermolecular modes in biomolecular structures. The work focuses on glucose given the complexity and dynamics of its anomeric conversion and crystallization. The Raman analyses capture the dynamics of its intramolecular modes – revealing conversion between α and β anomers. At the same time, the terahertz analyses capture the dynamics of its intermolecular modes – showing an evolution from amorphous to crystalline morphology. It is shown that time-captured Raman and terahertz spectroscopy together render a more complete depiction, and deeper understanding, of the biomolecular structure of glucose.
DANÇA E EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: NARRATIVAS SOBRE A FORMAÇÃO INICIAL E CONTINUADA DE BAILARINOS HOMOSSEXUAIS
Authors: Nascimento Diego Ebling do , Afonso Mariângela Da Rosa
Published: February 2020

Este estudo se propõe a compartilhar, por meio da escrita narrativa, as trajetórias de vida de homens cisgêneros, que se reconhecem como homossexuais, são formados em educação física e trabalham com dança. Por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa foram feitas entrevistas com quatro professores/bailarinos que possibilitaram a narração de suas formações iniciais e continuadas na área da dança e da educação física. Percebemos que suas práticas corporais anteriores à dança contribuíram de forma significativa para o ingresso nesta área, o que evidencia a importância das práticas corporais nas escolas. A escola e as atividades de extensão foram citadas como porta de entrada para o aprendizado e prática da dança. A universidade foi a responsável por apresentar a dança para alguns de nossos entrevistados e outros começaram a dançar a partir de experiências estéticas positivas.
“VOCÊ É UM HOMEM OU UM RATO?”: PERCEPÇÕES SOBRE SAÚDE MENTAL EM UM GRUPO DE PESSOAS EM SITUAÇÃO DE RUA
Authors: Watte Franciele Beatriz , Romanini Moises
Published: February 2020

A população em situação de rua pode ser caracterizada pelo viver nas/das ruas, com pouco recurso financeiro, vínculos rompidos ou fragilizados e sem moradia convencional. Nesse manuscrito apresentamos os principais resultados de uma pesquisa que buscou compreender e problematizar a auto percepção de saúde mental do sujeito morador de rua e suas estratégias de conservação da saúde mental. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, que se utilizou da técnica de grupo focal. Foram realizados dois encontros com um grupo de pessoas em situação de rua já existente em uma cidade no interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Para analisar o conteúdo das intervenções, realizamos uma análise temática de conteúdo, utilizando o diário de campo. A análise qualitativa nos permitiu compreender a auto percepção de saúde mental desse grupo e, além disso, uma íntima relação entre as questões de produção de masculinidade com a depressão e ideação/tentativa de suicídio.
MASCULINIDADES E HOMOSSEXUALIDADE NA PERSPECTIVA DE JOVENS ESTUDANTES DE ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS E PARTICULARES DE ERECHIM, RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Silva Ivone Maria Mendes , Angerami Adriana
Published: February 2020

Este trabalho apresenta reflexões sobre masculinidades e homossexualidade, partindo da análise de narrativas produzidas por homens jovens no contexto de grupos focais realizados em escolas públicas e particulares da cidade de Erechim (RS). Os resultados obtidos demonstram uma diversidade de opiniões e posicionamentos dos jovens em relação ao tema. Ao passo que alguns afirmaram sentir-se livres para aderir àquilo que lhes desperta identificação, admitindo o caráter móvel da masculinidade, tomada como uma construção não necessariamente vinculada à heterossexualidade; outros demonstraram valorizar o modelo hegemônico vigente em nossa sociedade, baseado em um ideal viril, heterossexual e, por vezes, homofóbico. Conclui-se que uma variedade de modelos de masculinidades tem operado nos contextos juvenis, acompanhando a própria pluralidade que caracteriza o processo de socialização nas sociedades atuais, o que coloca possibilidades inauditas em relação à educação das novas gerações para o reconhecimento do outro e o respeito às diferenças ideológicas, socioculturais e subjetivas.
Análisis del paisaje de la microcuenca del río Fucha en la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia. Diagnóstico para el mejoramiento de servicios ecosistémicos
Authors: Monroy Hernández Julieth
Published: February 2020

Este artículo presenta los resultados del proyecto “Análisis espacial de configuración del paisaje en tres áreas de protección y manejo de Bogotá, D. C. Formulación de lineamientos de manejo integrado de paisaje para el mejoramiento de Servicios Ecosistémicos” desarrollado por la Línea de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Servicios Ecosistémicos de la Subdirección Científica del Jardín Botánico de Bogotá (JBB). El proyecto se enfoca específicamente en la microcuenca río Fucha; se basó en la observación de elementos del paisaje y su conexión potencial por medio de tres áreas estratégicas de ordenamiento para la ciudad: la Reserva Forestal Protectora Bosque Oriental de Bogotá (RFPBOB), las Áreas de Ocupación Pública Prioritaria (AOPP) de la Franja de Adecuación de los Cerros Orientales y la Microcuenca Fucha. De igual manera es un ejercicio de acercamiento a la implementación de la propuesta metodológica “Modelo de acercamiento al estudio de zonas de montaña”, como forma del análisis del paisaje a partir de tres dimensiones: verticalidad, horizontalidad y transversalidad, con el cual se identificaron zonas para el mejoramiento de Servicios Ecosistémicos (SE) culturales.
The Concept of the millet in Turkish dictionaries: Its alteration and the impact on Ottoman Macedonia
Authors: Pandevska Maria , Mitrova Makedonka
Published: February 2020

In the 19th century the dictionaries/glossaries represent the first brace which connected different cultures and languages, thus also linking the Orient with the Occident and vice versa. In this context the research is focused on the Turkish dictionaries/glossaries, which for a long time actually represented one of the basic media of transmitting the new Western ideas in the East, and in our case, in the Ottoman Empire. Through the short comparative analyses of these dictionaries/glossaries and their authors (from the 19th century and early 20th century) we follow the change of the cognitive concept of the term millet with the term nation. The case study is focused on Ottoman Macedonia and on the political implications caused by this change of the meaning of the Ottoman term millet.
Emigracja – kultura – wolność. O Vinku Nikoliciu i spełnionym śnie o niepodległości
Authors: Przeklasa Szymon
Published: February 2020

Mamy wspólnego wroga, mamy wspólną ojczyznę – to zdanie autorstwa Vinka Nikolicia doskonale opisuje jego biografię, twórczość i tragedię życiową. Ten poeta i działacz emigracyjny jest dobrze znany w Chorwacji ze względu na jego przynależność do chorwackiej kultury i literatury, a także z powodu kontrowersyjnych związków z ultranacjonalistycznym ruchem ustaszowskim, który rządził Niezależnym Państwem Chorwackim (1940-1945). Celem artykułu jest ukazanie w jaki sposób V. Nikolić stał się jednym z najważniejszych chorwackich działaczy emigracyjnych w czasach istnienia socjalistycznej Jugosławii i jak zmieniły się jego zapatrywania na kwestię niezależności Chorwacji podczas blisko pięćdziesięcioletniego pobytu na emigracji.
Ekogłasnost i ekotransformacja. Bułgarski ruch ekologiczny w okresie transformacji ustrojowej
Authors: Czekalski Tadeusz
Published: February 2020

Artykuł omawia powstanie i rozwój ruchu ekologicznego w Bułgarii w pierwszym okresie transformacji ustrojowej, na tle podobnych doświadczeń państw bałkańskich. W bałkańskich realiach społeczna aktywność ugrupowań ekologicznych jest postrzegana jako przykład przenikania zachodnioeuropejskich wzorców kulturowych, ale także jako efekt „presji ekologicznej” wynikającej z dążenia krajów Europy Południowo-Wschodniej do integracji ze strukturami europejskimi. W niewielkim stopniu współczesna wrażliwość ekologiczna mieszkańców Bałkanów odwołuje się do wcześniejszych doświadczeń, choćby tych z pierwszej dekady transformacji ustrojowej. Na tym tle zjawiskiem za zjawisko wyjątkowe można uznać narodziny „autochtonicznego” ruchu ekologicznego w Bułgarii, a także jego znaczący udział w procesie upadku reżimu Todora Żiwkowa.
Kiedy i gdzie została wystawiona Chilandarska povelja Stefana Nemanjicia?
Authors: Szefliński Błażej
Published: February 2020

Tak zwana Druga chilandarska povelja Stefana Nemanjicia jest jednym z najstarszych serbskich dokumentów zachowanych do naszych czasów. Jest ona opatrzona datą 29 IX, ale bez żadnego roku ani indykcji. Od publikacji artykułu Aleksandara Solovjeva w 1925 r. powszechnie przyjmowano, że przywilej został wystawiony przed 1202 r., ponieważ Stefan Nemanjić mógł nazwać siebie zięciem cesarza Aleksego III Angelosa jedynie przed rozwodem z Eudoksją Angeliną. Jednak w 2010 r. Đorđe Bubalo zauważył, że dwie późniejsze inskrypcje – odkryte po badaniach Solovjeva – również podkreślają powiązania rodzinne pomiędzy dynastią Nemanjiciów a Aleksym, więc argument Solovjeva nie może zostać utrzymany. Z tego powodu Bubalo ponownie przeanalizował przywilej i zaproponował nowe datowanie – na lata 1207-1208. Jednak jeden z jego argumentów – Druga chilandarska povelja wykorzystana przez Sawę przy pisaniu Żywota błogosławionego Symeona – stracił swoją siłę, gdyż taki związek pomiędzy tekstami został zakwestionowany w najnowszych badaniach. Z tego powodu celem niniejszego artykułu jest dostarczenie nowej analizy Drugiej chilandarskiej povelji skoncentrowanej na tym, kiedy i (po raz pierwszy) gdzie dokument został wystawiony. W konkluzji stwierdzono, że miało to miejsce po hierofanii św. Symeona – najprawdopodobniej 29 IX 1210 r. w Chilandarze.