bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Benefits of a near-peer program from the tutors’ perspective: a survey of Australian junior doctors in a regional teaching program
Authors: Medveczky David Michael , Mitchell Alicia , Leopardi Eleonora , Dawson Amanda
Published: March 2024

Background
Near-peer teaching has been shown to provide significant benefits for both tutees and tutors in senior medical student and junior trainee settings. However, junior trainees may face more obstacles in teaching including competing clinical priorities and time management. We sought to investigate the challenges and benefits of engaging in near-peer teaching for junior trainees within our local context. Our Near Peer Medical Teaching (NPMT) teaching program is designed and facilitated by junior doctors for medical students at the Central Coast Clinical School (University of Newcastle) of the Joint Medical Program.
Methods
Current and past NPMT tutors participated in an online survey from October 2022 to April 2023. Tutors were asked about feasibility of teaching within a work environment, perceived benefits from their experience and attitudes towards medical education.
Results
Teaching appears to be strongly impacted by competing clinical priorities and time, but it does not appear to exert significant stress on tutors likely due to self-selection of tutors with prior enjoyable teaching experience. Furthermore, this study indicates that junior doctors derived enjoyment and development of clinical skills from the program, which are important factors in increasing job satisfaction and ameliorating burn-out in this cohort.
Conclusions
Junior doctors appear to benefit significantly from engaging in near peer programs in the Australian teaching hospital setting. Further research should include qualitative methodologies to explore the perspectives of Australian junior doctors’ more deeply.
Fluoride Release and Inhibition of Caries Around Restoration by Ion Releasing Restorative Materials: An In Vitro Study
Authors: El-Adl Eman T. , Ebaya Maha M. , Habib El-Sayed E. , Zaghloul Nadia M.
Published: March 2024

Objectives: To evaluate and compare fluoride release of three ion releasing restorative materials and assess their inhibitory effect on secondary caries induced by cariogenic bacteria.
Materials and Methods: Three ion releasing restorative materials, self-adhesive hybrid composite (group A), ion releasing flowable composite liner (group B), and alkasite restorative material (group C), were examined. Twenty-two discs were fabricated from each material for fluoride release test, conducted on days 1, 7, and 14. For assessing secondary caries inhibition, sixty-six sound molar teeth were used and standardized class V cavities were prepared. Teeth were divided into three groups according to each material, followed by 2000 cycles of thermocycling. Subsequently, teeth were immersed in a solution containing cariogenic bacteria for 30 days. After that, teeth were sectioned bucco-lingually and analyzed using a polarized light microscope to measure inhibition area, outer lesion depth, and extension. Data was statistically analyzed using different tests.
Results: Statistically significant differences in fluoride release existed among materials. Self-adhesive hybrid composite exhibited the highest fluoride release, followed by alkasite restorative material and ion releasing flowable composite liner.
Lesion extension and depth were statistically significantly greater next to ion releasing flowable composite liner, while next to alkasite restorative material, they exceeded those next to Self-adhesive hybrid composite. The inhibition areas next to self-adhesive hybrid composite were statistically significantly larger than alkasite restorative material and ion releasing flowable composite liner.
Conclusion: All three ion releasing restorative materials displayed fluoride release and potential to inhibit secondary caries formation. Self-adhesive hybrid composite demonstrated the highest fluoride-releasing potential and the greatest ability to inhibit secondary caries. Conversely, ion releasing flowable composite liner exhibited the least fluoride release with minimal secondary caries inhibition. Increasing fluoride release correlated with larger inhibition areas and reduced outer lesion depth and extension.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Low Back Pain in Middle-aged and Elderly People with Sarcopenia: a Nationwide Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Xing Wen-Yuan , Tang Le , Zheng Ya-Nan , Bai Yi-Wen , Jiang Xue , Bi Xia , Wang Xue-Qiang
Published: March 2024

Objectives
This study aimed to clarify the prevalence and associated factors of lower back pain (LBP) in sarcopenia population aged 45 years or older by using a large and diverse cross-sectional dataset.
Methods
In this national study, data on 8113 participants from CHARLS 2015 were analyzed. The prevalence of LBP was investigated, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with LBP in sarcopenia population.
Findings:
The prevalence of LBP was 24.19% (95% CI 22.94–25.44) in sarcopenia population, significantly higher than that in non-sarcopenia (16.4%, 95% CI 15.19–17.61). The prevalence was higher in female (28.91%, 27.13–30.69) than in male (18.43%, 16.74–20.11; p < 0.001 for gender difference) and in people with more than four chronic comorbidities (44.83%, 40.87–48.79) than in those without chronic comorbidities (13.02%, 11.02–15.02; p < 0.001 for the number of chronic diseases difference). The risk factors for LBP in sarcopenia population included diagnosis of heart attack (odds ratio 1.40, 95% CI 1.11–1.77), kidney disease (1.80, 1.30–2.49), gastrointestinal disease (1.62, 1.35–1.94), arthritis or rheumatism (1.76, 1.48–2.10), sleep time of less than 5 h (2.06, 1.36–3.10), living in rural area (1.54, 1.20–1.96), illiteracy (1.64, 1.21–2.22), middle school and higher (1.70, 1.30–2.23), depression (3.16, 2.56–3.89), and so on.
Conclusions
LBP is highly prevalent in the Chinese sarcopenia population. Chronic diseases, sleep time, residence, educational level, depression, instrumental ADL disability, and history of fall are major risk factors of LBP for sarcopenia population.
Efficacy of Sivelestat Sodium in the Therapy of Critically ill Patients at high risk of developing ARDS due to SIRS: A Multicenter Prospective Study
Authors: Jing Liang , Xu Liang , Dai Jian , Zhang Jun , Shu Tingting , Cao Fengsheng , Jiang Ting , Li Feng , Li Min , He Yan , Wu Maoqing , Yuan Haitao , Wang Jia , Zhu Guochao , Liu Huaping , Zhu Wei
Published: March 2024

Background
Sivelestat sodium has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy to mitigate respiratory dysfunction and reduce the need for mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients. Its clinical usage remains controversial. This multicenter prospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of sivelestat sodium in patients presenting high-risk of developing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to systemic inflammatory response syndrome with an oxygenation index (PaO2/FIO2 ratio; P/F ratio) between 100–400 mmHg upon ICU administration.
Methods
Eighty-two patients were divided into two groups: sivelestat group and conventional group. Clinical information, including vital sign, etiology, scoring systems for illness severity, laboratory test data, P/F ratio and chronic comorbidities were collected at the time of administration. The primary end points were invasive mechanical ventilation ratio and ventilator-free days (VFDs). Besides, the severe ARDS ratio, changes of P/F ratio (∆P/F ratio), levels of inflammatory factors (procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6)) before and after 7 days therapy were also collected.
Results
Prescribe sivelestat sodium, as compared with conventional therapy, did not have a significant effect on mechanical ventilation ratio or severe ARDS ratio. Notably, sivelestat group exhibited significantly higher VFDs and an improved ∆P/F ratio in mild and moderate ARDS subgroup. Additionally, the ∆P/F ratio was significantly elevated on the fifth day following therapy initiation. Furthermore, there was a reduction in the levels of CRP and PCT, indicating a potential anti-inflammatory effect.
Conclusion
The results facilitate a randomized controlled trial to determine sivelestat sodium may be considered to alleviate inflammation response and protect patients with mild or moderate ARDS.
Association between life’s essential 8 and Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease among US adults
Authors: Wang Zheng , Huang Bohan , Ding Yixuan , Cao Feng , Li Fei
Published: March 2024

Background
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease. Clinical evidences have demonstrated the link between MASLD and the increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. We aimed to investigate the relationship between Life’s Essential 8 (LE8), an enhanced approach to assessing cardiovascular health(CVH), and MASLD.
Methods
Data were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 2017–2020 cycles. MASLD was assessed by the latest diagnostic criteria. LE8 scores (range 0–100) were obtained from measurements based on American Heart Association definitions, divided into health factor and health behavior scores. Multivariable logistic and restricted cubic spline models were used to assess the associations.
Results
5646 participants were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 2616 (46.33%) participants were diagnosed with MASLD. After adjusting for confounding variables, higher LE8 scores were associated with a lower risk of MASLD (OR = 0.19, 95%CI 0.17–0.21; P < 0.001), similar associations were also observed between health behavior and health factor scores with MASLD. Subgroup analyses illustrated that the negative association between LE8 score and MASLD was stronger among younger, non − Hispanic White, and never married participants.
Conclusions
LE8 scores, health behavior scores, and health factor scores were negatively associated with the prevalence of MASLD in non-linear fashions. Maintaining ideal health factors and health behaviors might be helpful for the prevention of MASLD and reduction the burden of MASLD and its complications.
TiO 2 inorganic nanoparticle framework enhanced PEO based solid-state electrolytes for improved performance of solid-state lithium batteries
Authors: Huang Xiaoqi , Leng Xuning , Li Tongsuai , Wang Chaojie , Tang Jiacheng , Xie Liang , Liu Baosheng , Zhang Shaohui
Published: March 2024

Solid-state batteries with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) solid electrolytes are considered to have a wide range of application prospects. However, the high-level crystallinity of PEO leads to poor lithium-ion conduction capability, and there are problems such as poor electrochemical stability and undesirable contact characteristics of electrode/electrolyte interface in solid-state lithium batteries. In order to solve these problems, composite polymer electrolytes (CPE) containing TiO2 as inorganic frameworks are prepared by a facile solution casting method in this paper. The results show that the CPE with TiO2 content of 10 wt% elevates the conductivity to 1.08 × 10− 3 S cm− 1 at 60°C as one of the best polymer composite solid electrolytes. The Li symmetric battery with constant current charge/discharge cycle test at 0.2 mA˖cm− 2 current density stabilizes the cycle for 129 h. The initial specific capacity of LiFePO4/PLT10/Li at 0.1 C reaches 133.01 mAh˖g− 1 with a coulombic efficiency of 83.44%. The discharge specific capacity remains 152.52 mAh˖g− 1 with a cyclic retention of 109.51% for capacity after 20 cycles at 0.1 C. The oxidation/reduction peaks potential difference on the cyclic voltammetry curves (CV) is 0.483 V. As expected, the TiO2 inorganic framework reduces the crystallinity of the PEO-based solid electrolytes and improves solid-state electrolyte and interfacial stability in Li-ion batteries, which bring higher coulombic efficiency and cycling capacity retention.
How the Chinese national centralized drug procurement affects the revenues of pharmaceutical companies: a quasi-natural experiment based in China
Authors: Yang Fenghong , Sun Jingchun , Sun Zhixuan , Jian Jinyang , Xie Rongbai , Yang Huitong , Chu Shuzhen
Published: March 2024

Background: As China’s band purchasing policy affects firms’ revenues, this study aims to investigate how the revenues of firms entering the policy change in the context of the normalization of the policy, with the goal of providing suggestions for its improvement.
Methods: We selected two time points, December 2018 and March 2019, to investigate the impact of the policy on firms’ revenues by means of a difference-in-differences model using data from 265 pharmaceutical companies in China.
Results: We found that the policy has a negative effect on firms’ net income, which is significant at the 1% level when controlling for internal and external variables. We also demonstrated the reliability of the regression results through parallel trend, placebo, and randomness tests.
Conclusions: Our research shows that although firms are able to gain a larger market share by entering centralized purchasing, the low prices result in lower revenues due to the market dynamics. These results also reflect the policy’s bias in favor of drug purchasers and users, as well as the nature of price competition that places affected pharmaceutical companies in a relatively passive position in the market.
Separable cell cycle arrest and immune response elicited through pharmacological CDK4/6 and MEK inhibition in RASmut disease models
Authors: Knudsen Erik , WU JIN , Wang Jianxin , O’Connor Thomas , Tzetzo Stephanie , Gurova Katerina , Witkiewicz Agnieszka
Published: March 2024

The combination of CDK4/6 and MEK inhibition as a therapeutic strategy has shown promise in various cancer models, particularly those harboring RAS mutations. An initial high-throughput drug screen identified high synergy between the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib and the MEK inhibitor trametinib when used in combination for soft tissue sarcomas. In RAS mutant models, palbociclib and trametinib combination treatment induced a significant G1 cell cycle arrest, resulting in marked reduction in cell proliferation and growth. CRISPR-mediated RB1 depletion revealed a decreased response to CDK4/6 and MEK inhibition, which was validated in both cell culture and xenograft models. Beyond its cell cycle inhibitory effects, pathway enrichment analysis revealed a robust activation of interferon pathways upon CDK4/6 and MEK inhibition. This induction of gene expression was associated with the upregulation of retroviral elements. The TBK1 inhibitor GSK8612 selectively blocked the induction of interferon-related genes induced by palbociclib and trametinib treatment and highlights the separable epigenetic responses elicited by combined CDK4/6 and MEK inhibition. Together, these findings provide key mechanistic insights into the therapeutic potential of CDK4/6 and MEK inhibition in the context of multiple disease settings.
Unlocking the Dynamic Impact of Economic and Non-Economic Factors on Tourism Demand in BRICS Economies
Authors: Alam Mir , Hussain Jamal , Kiran Faiza
Published: March 2024

In recent decades, economic and non-economic factors have significantly shaped tourism demand, affirming attention from researchers and policymakers. This study employs advanced econometrics techniques, including cross-sectional dependency, slope homogeneity, unit root, cointegration and long-run estimation, to explore the impact of economic determinants (world GDP per capita, exchange rate, interest rate, and relative price) and non-economic factors (political stability and climate change) on tourism demand in BRICS economies from 1996 to 2022. Findings indicate that exchange rates, interest rates, political stability, and world GDP per capita positively influence tourism demand, while climate change and relative price negatively impact it. Moreover, bidirectional causality exists between world GDP per capita and tourism demand, and one-way causation is observed for exchange rate, relative price, and political stability. In conclusion, the economic determinants significantly impact tourism demand more than non-economic factors. The study provides policy guidelines for enhancing tourism demand.
Improving Many-Objective Optimization via An Adaptive Penalty Scheme and Jaya Operator in the MJaya/D Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Yue , Yang Zhigang , Xiong Zhijian , Wang Yongqiang , Shen Ran , Xie Yanjin , Li Guimei
Published: March 2024

Achieving an effective balance between solution convergence and diversity remains a key challenge when solving multi-objective optimization problems. However, the performance of existing algorithms continues to degrade on many-objective optimization problems. Additionally, the genetic operators commonly utilized in many-objective evolutionary algorithms require extensive tuning of control parameters, without which solution quality suffers. To address these limitations, several new techniques are proposed. First, an adaptive penalty mechanism that leverages population and weight vector distribution information to assign specialized penalty factors to each sub-problem is developed by us. Second, the Jaya optimization algorithm is extended by us to improve its efficacy in many-objective spaces. Finally, Levy mutation is incorporated to help escape local optima and enhance population diversity. The proposed MJaya/D algorithm is assessed on standard DTLZ benchmark problems to evaluate the performance improvements stemming from the Jaya operator and adaptive penalty scheme. Experiments demonstrate that MJaya/D obtains superior Pareto front approximations compared to current state-of-the-art techniques for several many-objective optimization formulations.
Improved discrete particle swarm optimization using Bee Algorithm and multi-parent crossover method (Case study: Allocation problem and benchmark functions)
Authors: Zibaei Hamed , Mesgari Mohammad Saadi
Published: March 2024

Compared to other techniques, particle swarm optimization is more frequently utilized because of its ease of use and low variability. However, it is complicated to find the best possible solution in the search space in large-scale optimization problems. Moreover, changing algorithm variables does not influence algorithm convergence much. The PSO algorithm can be combined with other algorithms. It can use their advantages and operators to solve this problem. Therefore, this paper proposes the onlooker multi-parent crossover discrete particle swarm optimization (OMPCDPSO). To improve the efficiency of the DPSO algorithm, we utilized multi-parent crossover on the best solutions. We performed an independent and intensive neighborhood search using the onlooker bees of the bee algorithm. The algorithm uses onlooker bees and crossover. They do local search (exploitation) and global search (exploration). Each of these searches is among the best solutions (employed bees). The proposed algorithm was tested on the allocation problem, which is an NP-hard optimization problem. Also, we used two types of simulated data. They were used to test the scalability and complexity of the better algorithm. Also, fourteen 2D test functions and thirteen 30D test functions were used. They also used twenty IEEE CEC2005 benchmark functions to test the efficiency of OMPCDPSO. Also, to test OMPCDPSO's performance, we compared it to four new binary optimization algorithms and three classic ones. The results show that the OMPCDPSO version had high capability. It performed better than other algorithms. The developed algorithm in this research (OMCDPSO) in 36 test functions out of 47 (76.60%) is better than other algorithms. The OMPCDPSO algorithm used many parts of the best solution. It put them in the multi-parent crossover and neighborhood search with onlookers. This made it better than DPSO. The Onlooker bees and multi-parent operators significantly impact the algorithm's performance.
Study of chaos and synchronization of the MCR3BP under the effect of three-body interaction
Authors: Pal Krishan , Prasad Ram Pravesh , Poddar Awadhesh Kumar
Published: March 2024

This paper studies the chaos synchronization of the modified circular restricted three-body problem(MCR3BP) using sliding mode control technique. The MCR3BP incorporates the presence of three-body interactions parameter of the primaries. We have investigated two identical systems of the MCR3BP known as master and slave systems taken at transmitter and receiver ends, respectively. In order to synchronize two identical systems of the MCR3BP a sliding mode control technique have taken into account. An error dynamical system has investigated between the master and slave systems. The stability properties for chaos synchronization of two identical systems are investigated through Lyapunov stability theory. It is concluded by the Lyapunov stability theory the error dynamical system is stable. There is no need to calculate the Lyapunov exponents because the sliding mode control technique is very effective and convenient to achieve the synchronization between two identical systems of the MCR3BP. It is observed that all the included parameters have significant impacts on the trajectory of the dynamical systems of the MCR3BP. Finally, the importance of the designed sliding mode control technique for MCR3BP has revealed by the numerical simulation.
In-situ Observation and Discrete Element Simulation of Powder Lubrication Mechanism at Different Slip Velocities and Loads
Authors: Kong Junchao , Zhang Qiangqiang , Wang Gang , Xu Xueyan , Dong Huifang
Published: March 2024

In this paper, the powder lubrication layer composed of graphite particles was prepared by spray method and the effect of velocity and load on the friction characteristics of graphite layer was investigated using a friction tester that can observe the friction interface in real time. Subsequently, 3D surface profilometer, SEM, and EDS were used to characterize the morphology and elements of worn surfaces. The friction results show that at low slip velocity (5 mm/s) and lower load (4N), only partial powder lubrication layer was formed in contact interface, the surface of the graphite layer exhibited obvious peeling characteristics. When slip velocity is too fast (20 mm/s), the dissipation of powder layer increases and the metal substrate is exposed, while there are serious abrasions and chip exfoliation. At the velocity of 12.5 mm/s, the graphite layer shows the best lubrication effect, and the worn surface is more flat compared with that of applying other velocities. The coordination number, the total number of force chains and high stress particles inside the graphite layer during friction process were calculated using the discrete element method at different velocities. With heavy load (8N) that dense force chains are formed at the interface. But the powder layer is easily damaged throughout that the substrate contact directly, thus the powder layer of interface is unevenness extremely. Trying to provide a reasonable explanation for the inherent mechanism of the influence of velocity and load on the lubrication effect of the powder layer.
Concomitant L248V with E225V mutation in BCR-ABL gene associated with rapid CML lymphoid blast crisis
Authors: Tungjitviboonkun Songphol , Wachirapornpruet Pawitthorn , Unsuwan Sorrawit
Published: March 2024

Background
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph), resulting from the t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) translocation. Imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has revolutionized the treatment of CML. However, despite the initial response, some patients may progress to an advanced stage, such as a blast crisis.
Case Presentation:
We report a 40-year-old female who presented with CML chronic phase taking imatinib 400 mg/day and achieved a complete hematological response (CHR) after one month of treatment. She achieved suboptimal response in the third month (BCR-ABL positive 10.29% IS). However, five months into therapy, she developed a sudden lymphoid blast crisis with chromosomal aberrations involving chromosome 10 and 12. Molecular analysis detected concomitant L248V with partial exon 4 deletion and E225V mutations within the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. The patient received intensive chemotherapy and dasatinib.
Conclusion
We report the first case of concomitant mutation of L248V with partial exon 4 deletion and E255V on BCR-ABL1 gene mutation which contributes to a sudden precursor B-cell lymphoid blast crisis.
Utilizing dry heating Maillard reaction approach to modify the functional and structural properties of sunnhemp protein isolate-dextran conjugates
Authors: Rawat Rashmi , Saini Charanjiv Singh
Published: March 2024

Sunnhemp protein isolate (SHPI) was prepared by utilizing alkaline extraction acid precipitation method. SHPI-dextran conjugates (1:1 w/w ratio) were prepared by dry heating method with Maillard reaction at 60°C for 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 days of incubation at 79% relative humidity. The functional properties of SHPI-dextran conjugates like solubility, emulsifying, foaming, water and oil binding capacities, dispersibility, and gelation were improved as compared to pure SHPI. Increment in browning index values of SHPI-dextran conjugates were observed with increase in Maillard reaction time. Conjugated SHPI reduced the percentage of α-helix and increased the content of β-sheet, β-turn and random coils content. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the formation of covalent bonds between SHPI and dextran via Maillard reaction. XRD analysis indicated both semicrystalline and amorphous structure of SHPI-dextran conjugates as the incubation time was increased from 0 to 9 days. Decreasing trend in the values of surface hydrophobicity values were found with increase in incubation time. Free and total sulfhydryl content of SHPI was increased after conjugation with dextran up to 5 days and thereafter decreased. Incubation time of five days at 60°C and 79% RH was optimized on the basis of improvement in functional characteristics and extent of Maillard reaction time. Overall, the present study showed that conjugation of sunnhemp protein isolate with dextran successfully improved the functional characteristics of SHPI.
Electric-field-assisted Proton Coupling Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Pan Xuelei , Yan Mengyu , Liu Qian , Zhou Xunbiao , Sun Congli , Zhu Jiexin , McAleese Callum , Couture Pierre , Sharpe Matthew K , Smith Richard , Peng Nianhua , England Jonathan , Tsang Shik Chi Edman , Zhao Yunlong , Mai Liqiang
Published: March 2024

The discovery of Mn-Ca complex in photosystem II stimulates research of manganese-based catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, conventional chemical strategies face challenges in regulating the four electron-proton processes of OER. Herein, we investigate alpha-manganese dioxide (α-MnO2) with typical MnIV-O-MnIII-HxO motifs as a model for adjusting proton coupling. We reveal that pre-equilibrium proton-coupled redox transition provides an adjustable energy profile for OER, paving the way for in-situ enhancing proton coupling through a new "reagent"— external electric field. Based on the α-MnO2 single-nanowire device, gate voltage induces a 6-fold increase in OER current density at 1.7 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode. Moreover, the proof-of-principle external electric field-assisted flow cell for water splitting demonstrates a 34% increase in current density and a 44.7 mW/cm² increase in net output power. These findings indicate an in-depth understanding of the role of proton-incorporated redox transition and develop practical approach for high-efficiency electrocatalysis.
Patterns of Child Grooming and Sexual Harassment in Online Games
Authors: Gusnita Chazizah , Nurhadiyanto Lucky , Ladiqi Suyatno
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to discuss patterns of child sexual abuse that occur in the online games Minecraft and Hago. The crime of child sexual abuse with the "Online Child Grooming" mode in online games is regarded as an effective method for child predators to lure potential victims. Grooming is a process in which a perpetrator approaches a person or organization gradually through communication relationships with the intent of sexually harassing them. Victims are typically children, adolescents, or adults who are at risk of becoming harassed. This study employs activity routine theory, which assesses the absence of capable guardian factors, motivated actors, and the presence of suitable targets, all of which, if they occur at the same time and place, make child grooming possible. The research was conducted descriptively and qualitatively.
استخدام الوسائل السمعية والبصرية في اللغة العربية التعلم على محارة قراءة
Authors: Sofiyah Siti Sofi
Published: March 2024

With the development of an increasingly modern era, Arabic is now able to adapt. In learning Arabic using conventional methods that are boring for students are still applied in schools. With the development of the times, it is hoped that teachers will be able to create a pleasant learning atmosphere and be able to make the best use of learning media. One way that is used in utilizing Arabic learning is easily called audio-visual media. From teacher directions to students to visit websites on the internet with ease and fun supported by technological developments. In this study, the researcher used qualitative research, however, quantitative methods were used to calculate the questionnaire data, which were then processed into qualitative ones to describe the data. Likewise, the data collection techniques used in this study were observation, questionnaires, and documentation.

Keywords: Learning Media, Arabic, Audio Visual
PEMETAAN PROBLEMATIKA PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA BAHASA ARAB DAN SOLUSINYA BERDASARKAN PENELITIAN MAHASISWA BAHASA ARAB TAHUN 2013-2018
Authors: Ain Siti Qurrotul
Published: March 2024

This study aims to map the problems that are often faced in learning Arabic speaking skills by reviewing and analyzing the results of research from Arabic students in 2013-2018. If this is not done, it is feared that there will be more types of similar research topics and the resulting data tends to be the same. This research is a qualitative research design. Data collection techniques using documentation studies. The results of this study indicate that the problems are divided into three categories, namely: 1. Problems in learning which include: time allocation, methods, media and infrastructure, 2. Linguistics problems which include: vocabulary, sound pronunciation and sentence structure, 3. Non-linguistic problems which include: educational background, motivation, interests and environment.
Taḥlīlīyah SīmyāīyahLirūlanBārtis Fī Ar-Rīwāyah “Wīghātī” LikhilmahAnīs
Authors: Ar Rofi'i Amanina Athifatu
Published: March 2024

ملخص: تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى كيفية تطبيق التحليل السيميائي لرولان بارتس على العمل الأدبي , وخاصة الرّوايات. وفي هذه الحالة أخذ الباحث بيانات منإحدى الروايات الأدبية بعنوان ويغاتي لخلمة أنيس . تحكي الرواية قصة  سانتري يدعى ويغاتي الذي لديه كريس غامض اسمه نياي كوندريك أروم والذي يحب أن يقابل يومًا ما مع كيريس كياي راجامالا . تكمن المشكلة في هذا  البحث في إمكانية معالجة الرواية باستخدام تحليل رولاند بارتس السيميائي. النظرية المستخدمة في هذا البحث هي نظرية التحليل السيميائي لرولان بارتس والتي تتضمن 5 معجم وهي: المعجم اتأويلي, المعجم السامي, المعجم الرمزي, المعجم الأولي, المعجم العام. يصنف هذا البحث على أنه بحث في المكتبات يبحث عن المصادر الضرورية ويدرسها من المكتبة التي تؤخذ مصادر مصادر بياناتها من الكتب والمجلات والمقالات وما إلى ذلك. وهكذا, يمكن للكتاب واقراء معرفة كيفية تحليل رولان بارتس السيميائية في رواية ويغاتي لخلمة أنيس
TathbiquLu’batu Al Hims Al Mutasalsil Li At Tarqiyati Maharati Al Istima’ fi MA Bilingual Batu
Authors: Faiz Nur
Published: March 2024

Abstrac

The role of language games in the learning process can help teachers achieve better language learning goals. Students become more enthusiastic and less bored. Not only improve intellectual abilities but also social skills. In this game, students do not only focus on listening skills but also on speaking and writing skills and even reading. This article aims to improve students' listening skills with the Whisper Chain game. This research uses a qualitative and field approach in MA Bilingual. The results of the study show the application of the Whisper Chain game as follows: giving vocabulary, listening to reading texts, discussing difficult vocabulary, and finally evaluating and strengthening the material using games. By implementing the Whisper Chain game: 1) Can improve students 'listening skills effectively because it is more applicable as well as students memorize verbal vocabulary, 2) Increase students' social intelligence and increase their attention in learning, 3) Make it easier for students to better understand the material and provide learning experiences.

Keywords : Listening Skill, Whisper Chain Game

 

Abstrak

Peran permainan bahasa dalam proses kegiatan belajar dapat membantu guru dalam mencapai tujuan pembelajaran  bahasa yang lebih baik. Siswa menjadi lebih semangat dan tidak bosan. Tidak hanya meningkatkan kemampuan intelektual namun juga kemampuan sosial. Dalam permainan ini, siswa tidak hanya fokus pada kemampuan mendengarkan saja namun juga pada kemampuan berbicara dan menulis bahkan membaca. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menyimak siswa dengan permainan Bisik Berantai. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan lapangan di MA Bilingual. Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukkan penerapan permainan Bisik Berantai sebagai berikut : pemberian mufrodat, mendengarkan teks bacaan, membahas kosa kata sulit yang terakhir evaluasi dan penguatan materi menggunakan permainan. Dengan menerapkan permainan Bisik Berantai : 1) Dapat meningkatkan ketrampilan mendengarkan siswa secara efektiv karena lebih aplikatif  sekaligus siswa menghafalkan kosa kata verbal, 2) Meningkatkan kecerdasan sosial siswa serta menambah perhatian mereka dalam pembelajaran, 3) Memudahkan siswa untuk lebih memahami materi dan memberikan pengalaman belajar.

Kata kunci : Ketrampilan Menyimak, Permainan Bisik Berantai
Pembelajaran Kitab Kuning di Pondok Pesantren (Pembelajaran kitab kuning di pondok pesantren Al-Lathifiyah 2 Bahrul 'Ulum Tambakberas Jombang)
Authors: Rohmah Khalimatur
Published: March 2024

تدريس كتب الصفراء أمر مهم في تعليم المعهد بسبب هذا الكتاب حجة وأساس.  يجب مراعاة تنفيذ التعلم فيما يتعلق بالأساليب  والطريقة المستخدمة حتى يمكن تحقيق أهداف التعليم. وكذلك التقويم. يجب أيضًا مراعاة نموذج التقويم المستخدم في اختبار كفاءةالطلاب أثناء دراسة كتب الصفراء, حيث يعرف المعلمون مدى فهم الطلاب للمواد التي يتم تدريسها. هدف هذه الدراسة إلى تقديم لمحة عامة عن معنى قراءة الكتاب الأصفر وتنفيذ تدريس كتب الصفراء وتقويمه في تدريس كتب الصفراء.

Teaching yellow books is important in the education of the institute because of this book as an argument and basis. The implementation of learning must be considered in relation to the methods and method used so that the learning objectives can be achieved. So is the calendar. The evaluation form used to test students' aptitude should also be taken into account while studying yellow books, as teachers know how well students understand the material being taught. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the meaning of reading the yellow book and the implementation of teaching yellow books and its evaluation in teaching yellow books
Ta’limul Lughah Al-Arabiyah Fil Madrosah Al-‘Aliyah Al-Islamiyah Al-Hukumiyah As-Tsalisah
Authors: Fitri Alsya , Taufiq Muhammad
Published: March 2024

ملخص: من المهارات العديدة الموجودة في تعلم اللغة العربية، فإن المهارات التي ستتم مناقشتها في هذا البحث هي مهارة القراءة. يهدف هذ البحث إلى معرفة المزيد عن عملية تعلم مهارة القراءة في الفصل العاشر بالمدرسة العالية الإسلامية الحكومية ٣ لنجكات بحيث يتمكن جميع الطلاب تقريبا من قراءة النصوص العربية بشكل جيد. المنهج البحثي المستخدم في كتابة هذا البحث هو منهج نوعي وصفي، وهي الدراسة التي تسعى إلى وصف الأعراض والأحداث والوقائع المتحدثة في الوقت الحاضر. تظهر النتائج المحصولة عليها أن هناك شتات العوامل التي تجعل مهارة القراءة يتعلم بشكل جيد، كملكية كفاءة الطلاب اللغوية، واهتماماتهم ودوافعهم وتعليم المعلمين المعينين.

كلمات رئيسية: تعلم اللغة العربية، مهارة القراءة، نصوص عربية

 

Abstract:Of the several skills in learning Arabic، the skills that will be discussed in this study are reading skills or what is commonly called Maharah Qiraah. This study aims to find out more about the learning process of Maharah Qiraah or reading skills in class X MAN 3 Langkat so that almost all students are able to read Arabic texts well. The research approach used in writing this article is a qualitative approach that is descriptive in nature، namely a study that seeks to describe a symptom، event and events that are occurring in the present. The results obtained show that there are several factors that make Maharah Qiraah learning well، including، namely، the ownership of the language competence of the students themselves، interest، motivation and teaching of the teacher concerned.

Keywords: Learning Arabic; Maharah Qiraah; Arabic tex

 

Abstrak: Dari beberapa keterampilan yang ada dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Arab، keterampilan yang akan dibahas pada penelitian kali ini adalah keterampilan membaca atau yang biasa disebut dengan Maharah Qiraah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui lebih lanjut bagaimana proses pembelajaran Maharah Qiraah atau keterampilan membaca di kelas X MAN 3 Langkat ini sehingga hampir seluruh pelajarnya mampu membaca teks berbahasa Arab dengan baik. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan pada penulisan artikel ini ialah sebuah pendekatan kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif، yaitu sebuah penelitian yang berusaha untuk mendeskripsikan suatu gejala، peristiwa dan kejadian – kejadian yang terjadi pada masa sekarang. Adapun hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa faktor yang menjadikan pembelajaran Maharah Qiraah dengan baik، antara lain yaitu، kepemilikan kompetensi bahasa dari para pelajar sendiri، minat، motivasi serta pengajaran dari guru yang bersangkutan.

Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab; Maharah Qiraah; Teks Arab
Istikhdamu Bithaqoti Kuartet Fi Ta’limi Hifdzil Mufrodat Alarabiyah Litolabil Fasli Al’asir Fil Madrosati Al’aliyati Alislamiyati Alahliyati Raudlotul Ulum Mojoduwur Mojowarno Jombang
Authors: Sholikhah Zumrotul Lailatus
Published: March 2024

ملخص: في عالم التعليم ، من الضروري استخدام وسائل الإعلام كأداة لدعم التعلم. يظهر أنه في التعلم ، سيكون الطالب أكثر اهتماما بالتعلم. كان الغرض من هذه الدراسة هو تحديد تنفيذ البطاقات Kuartet على تعلم حفظ المفردات العربية. استخدمت هذه الدراسة بحثا نوعيا مصدره بيانات الملاحظة والمقابلات والوثائق. نتيجة بحثه هي أن هذه البطاقة Kuartet تستخدم دائما من قبل المعلمين في تعلم حفظ المفردات العربية. مع تنفيذ البطاقات Kuartet أثناء أنشطة التدريس والتعلم ، سيكون الطلاب أكثر اهتماما بالتعلم وفهم المفردات العربية بسهولة. بحيث يسهل على الطلاب أيضا حفظ المفردات. الطلاب على دراية أيضا باستخدام البطاقات Kuartet في التعلم ، لأن البطاقات Kuartet سهلة الاستخدام.

الكلمة الرئيسية: بطاقة Kuartet, تعليم حفظ المفردات

 

Abstrack: In the world of education, it is necessary to use media as a learning support tool. It shows that in learning, a student will be more interested in learning. The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of quartet cards on learning to memorize Arabic mufrodites. This study used qualitative research sourced from observational data, interviews, and documents. The result of his research is that this quartet card is always used by teachers in learning to memorize Arabic mufrodites. With the implementation of quartet cards during teaching and learning activities, students will be more interested in learning and easily understand Arabic mufrodites. So that students are also easy to memorize mufrodites. Students are also familiar with using quartet cards in learning, because quartet cards are easy to use.

Keywords: Quartet Card, Mufrodat memorization learning

 

Abstrak: Dalam dunia pendidikan perlunya menggunakkan media sebagai alat penunjang pembelajaran. Hal itu menunjukkan bahwa dalam pembelajaran, seseorang siswa akan lebih tertarik dalam belajar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui implementasi kartu Kuartet pada pembelajaran menghafal mufrodat arab. Penelitian ini menggunakkan penelitian  deskriptif  kualitatif  yang bersumber dari data observasi, wawancara, dan dokumen. Adapun hasil penelitiannya adalah kartu Kuartet ini selalu digunakkan guru dalam pembelajaran menghafal mufrodat arab. Dengan implementasi kartu Kuartet pada saat kegiatan belajar mengajar siswa akan lebih tertarik belajar dan mudah memahami mufrodat arab. Sehingga siswa juga mudah dalam mengahafal mufrodat. Siswa juga tidak asing lagi jika menggunakkan kartu Kuartet dalam pembelajaran, karena kartu Kuartet mudah dalam penggunaanya.

Kata Kunci: Kartu Kuartet, Pembelajaran menghafal mufrodat
Tatwiru Wahdatil Lughah Al’arabiyah Fil Madrosah Al-Amin Al-‘Aliyah Al-Islamiyah Al-Ahliyah Kampung Bajak
Authors: Br. Siregar Era Rahimi , Taufiq Muhammad
Published: March 2024

ملخص: اللغة العربية هي مادة لغوية تهدف إلى تشجيع وتوجيه وتنمية ورعاية القدرات وتعزيز التوجه الإيجابي تجاه اللغة العربية، تقبلاً وإنتاجاً. القدرة الاستقبالية هي القدرة على فهم كلام الآخرين وفهم القراءة. القدرات الإنتاجية هي القدرة على استخدام اللغة كوسيلة للتواصل شفهيًا وكتابيًا. ولهذا السبب، يتم إعداد اللغة العربية في المدارس لتحقيق الكفاءة اللغوية الأساسية، والتي تشمل أربع مهارات لغوية يتم تدريسها بشكل متكامل، وهي مهارة الاستماع ومهارة الكلام ومهارة القراءة ومهارة الكتابة. الطريقة المستخدمة في هذا البحث هي منهج البحث والتطوير (يشار إليه فيما يلي بالاختصار R&D). يقال إن وحدات وسائط التعلم الكمية مناسبة للاستخدام في أنشطة تعلم اللغة العربية والتي تكون قادرة على تحسين نتائج تعلم الطلاب. وتتجلى هذه الجدوى من خلال نتائج التقييم التي أجراها خبراء المواد، حيث حصلوا على درجة مئوية قدرها 80% في فئة "مجدية". علاوة على ذلك، حصل التقييم الذي أجراه خبراء الإعلام على درجة خبراء الإعلام بنسبة مئوية قدرها 75% في فئة "لائق". بعد ذلك، تم اختبار المنتج على المستخدمين أو الطلاب، وحصل على نسبة مئوية قدرها 83.2% في فئة "مناسب جدًا".

الكلمات الرئيسية : التطوير، الوحدة، مخرجات التعلم

 

 

Abstract: Arabic is a language subject that is directed at encouraging, guiding, developing and nurturing abilities and fostering a positive attitude towards Arabic, both receptive and productive. Receptive ability is the ability to understand other people's speech and understand reading. Productive ability, namely the ability to use language as a means of communication both orally and in writing. For this reason, Arabic in madrasas is prepared to achieve basic language competence, which includes four language skills that are taught integrally, namely listening, speaking, reading, and wrote. The method used in this study is the research and development approach (hereinafter abbreviated as R&D). Quantitative learning media modules are said to be suitable for use in Arabic language learning activities which are able to improve student learning outcomes. This feasibility is demonstrated through the results of the assessment carried out by material experts, obtaining a percentage score of 80% in the "feasible" category. Furthermore, the assessment carried out by media experts obtained a score by media experts with a percentage value of 75% in the "decent" category. Furthermore, the product was tested on users or students, namely obtaining a percentage value of 83.2% in the "Very Eligible" category.

Keywords: Development, Module, Learning Outcomes
Adaptive Illumination: Designing a Smart Street Lighting System for Sustainable Urban Environments
Authors: Sultonmurod Shavkatov
Published: March 2024

In the age of rapid technological advancement and increasing urbanization, the need for sustainable and efficient infrastructure has never been more pronounced. As cities grow and evolve, so do the challenges related to managing their energy consumption, safety, and environmental footprint. One of the critical components of urban infrastructure that has a direct impact on all these areas is street lighting. Traditional street lighting systems, while essential for safety and visibility, often consume excessive amounts of energy, contribute to light pollution, and require significant maintenance. This is where the concept of adaptive illumination comes into play as shown in Figure 1.

Adaptive illumination refers to the design and implementation of street lighting systems that can adjust their brightness and intensity based on real-time environmental conditions and human activity. Unlike conventional systems that remain uniformly lit throughout the night, adaptive systems use sensors, data analytics, and connectivity to dynamically modify their output. This not only results in significant energy savings but also reduces light pollution and enhances the overall safety and comfort of urban residents.[1]

The sustainability aspect of adaptive illumination cannot be overstated. As the world grapples with climate change and the pressing need to reduce carbon emissions, every kilowatt-hour saved has a cascading positive effect on the environment. By ensuring that street lights are only as bright as they need to be, cities can dramatically decrease their energy consumption. This is particularly relevant in the context of urban areas, which are often the largest consumers of electricity within a region.
Emotional recognition from facial expressions
Authors: Davronbek Rakhmatullaev
Published: March 2024

The field of emotional recognition from facial expressions represents a fascinating intersection of psychology, neuroscience, and technology. This area of study delves into understanding how human emotions can be identified through the analysis of facial expressions. The complexity lies in deciphering the subtle variations in facial muscle movements that convey a wide range of emotions. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning have propelled this field forward, enabling the development of sophisticated algorithms capable of analyzing and interpreting facial expressions with remarkable accuracy. These technologies hold immense potential in various applications, from enhancing interpersonal communication and empathy to improving customer service and security. However, the pursuit of accurate emotional recognition raises important ethical and privacy concerns. It underscores the need for responsible use of technology, ensuring that emotional detection respects individual privacy and is used for constructive, non-invasive purposes. This emerging field continues to evolve, promising deeper insights into human emotions and their expression, while challenging us to consider the implications of technology that can 'read' our emotions.
Role of ABCA1 in Atherosclerosis: Novel Mutations and Potential
Plant-derived Therapies
Authors: Dabravolski Siarhei A. , Orekhov Nikolay A. , Glanz Victor Y. , Sukhorukov Vasily N. , Pleshko Elizaveta M. , Orekhov Alexander N.
Published: March 2024

abstract:

ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) is one of the key proteins regulating
cholesterol homeostasis and playing a crucial role in atherosclerosis development.
ABCA1 regulates the rate-limiting step of reverse cholesterol transport, facilitates
the efflux of surplus intracellular cholesterol and phospholipids, and suppresses inflammation
through several signalling pathways. At the same time, many mutations and Single
Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified in the ABCA1 gene, which
affects its biological function and is associated with several hereditary diseases (such as
familial hypo-alpha-lipoproteinaemia and Tangier disease) and increased risk of cardiovascular
diseases (CVDs). This review summarises recently identified mutations and
SNPs in their connection to atherosclerosis and associated CVDs. Also, we discuss the
recently described application of various plant-derived compounds to modulate ABCA1
expression in different in vitro and in vivo models. Herein, we present a comprehensive
overview of the association of ABCA1 mutations and SNPs with CVDs and as a pharmacological
target for different natural-derived compounds and highlight the potential application
of these phytochemicals for treating atherosclerosis through modulation of ABCA1
expression.