bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resilienssi terveysjärjestelmien tutkimuksessa
Authors: Janhonen Kristiina , Viita-aho Marjaana , Huhtakangas Moona , Kihlström Laura , Keskimäki Ilmo , Tynkkynen Liina-Kaisa
Published: May 2024

Tässä kartoittavassa katsauksessa (scoping review) tarkastelemme resilienssin käsitteen määrittelyä ja käyttöä terveysjärjestelmien tutkimuksessa. Tuomme esiin, millaisia näkökulmia viime vuosien kriisit, kuten COVID-19-pandemia, ovat tuoneet resilienssin käsitteen määrittelyyn. Analyysimme kohdentuu erityisesti terveysjärjestelmän resilienssin (health system(s) resilience/ resilient health system(s)) ilmiön rajauksiin kansainvälisissä katsausartikkeleissa (systematic and scoping review) sekä siihen, millaisten terveysjärjestelmän rakenteeseen tai toimintoihin konkreettisesti kytkeytyvien ulottuvuuksien kautta katsausten tuloksia ja johtopäätöksiä jäsennetään. Lisäksi kiinnitämme huomiota siihen, miten katsaukset jäsentävät systeemin sosiaalisia tekijöitä eli ihmisten välisiä suhteita ja keskinäistä vuorovaikutusta osana terveysjärjestelmän toimintaa ja organisoimista. Tulosten perusteella terveysjärjestelmän resilienssin käsitteen kehitystyössä on tarvetta selkiyttää määritelmän eri osa-alueiden keskinäisiä suhteita sekä sosiaalisten tekijöiden merkitystä osana terveydenhuoltojärjestelmän resilienssin rakentumista. Sosiaalisten tekijöiden nykyistä selkeämpi sisällyttäminen osaksi terveysjärjestelmän resilienssin määrittelyä mahdollistaisi muun muassa ennalta arvaamattomien, tilanteen mukaan joustavien ja muuttuvien sekä valtarakenteisiin liittyvien tekijöiden ottamisen huomioon kehitettäessä suomalaista terveysjärjestelmää.
TRANSLANGUAGING PRACTICES AND RECONTEXTUALIZING LEARNING MATERIAL: A CORPUS-BASED STUDY OF GLOBAL CHINESE LANGUAGE TEXTBOOKS USED IN SRI LANKA
Authors: Yasasri Noel Sampath
Published: May 2024

Despite the abundance of studies investigating translanguaging pedagogy, recontextualizing learning material has rarely been a concern of recent studies. The present study employs content analysis and critical discourse analysis to examine two global CFL textbooks used in Sri Lanka to evaluate their compliance with translanguaging practices. Three imperative aspects of translanguaging pedagogy, namely representation of culture, instruction language, and nationalism and socio-cultural polarization were the key areas of concern in content analysis. In the culture domain analysis, references from the textbooks were fed into 10 child codes and 3 parental codes in NVivo12. The results demonstrated that there is a critical inequity in the representation of local and global cultures in the textbooks which is especially distinct in the interlocutors and their nationality options. Socio-cultural polarization of the source culture with the West was evident in the critical discourse analysis and adaptation was predominantly promoted as a unilateral affair where the foreign learner continually adapts to the target culture. The study proposes that contextual sensitivity and ideological impartiality should be ensured in recontextualizing textbooks for translanguaging practices in Sri Lanka from three aspects, namely incorporation of L1 into textbooks, integration of multiculturalism and freeing textbooks of ideological and hegemonic practices.
Las TIC en pandemia, desafíos y reinvención
Authors: Ramirez María Esperanza
Published: May 2024

Reseña del Ebook  “La  aventura  de  innovar  con  TIC III: oportunidades y desigualdades en el marco de la pandemia” 2020, ediciones de la Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Social -Universidad Nacional de La Plata,  este volumen cuenta con artículos  sobre diversas prácticas virtuales, consecuencia del aislamiento generado por el COVID19, participaron comunicadores y docentes de distintos países y provincias, también se sumaron las voces de interlocutores de diferentes áreas por fuera del espacio académico. Como en las ediciones anteriores, se visibilizan una selección de los trabajos de las y los estudiantes del Seminario de Estrategias de Trabajo Colaborativo con Redes sociales virtuales y otros asistentes online, de la Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Social- UNLP. 
Disponible para descarga gratuita en: https://bit.ly/34t7pzb
Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio on Admission to Predict Mortality of COVID-19 Elderly Patients
Authors: Fenty Fenty , Sukorini Usi
Published: May 2024

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus Disease-2 (SARS-COV-2) is the cause of COVID-19, which led to a global pandemic and high mortality rate, especially in elderly patients. The declining immune system in elderly patients and comorbid diseases lead to more severe symptoms and an increased mortality rate. Many studies have shown that a high Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) value can predict the severity and mortality of COVID-19. However, studies on NLR in elderly patients in Indonesia have rarely been conducted. This study aimed to determine the role of NLR on admission as a mortality predictor in COVID-19 elderly patients who underwent in-hospital treatment. This research is an analytical observational study with a retrospective cohort method conducted in Bethesda Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The research subjects were selected from July 2020 to October 2021 according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria were all elderly COVID-19 patients with an age limit of > 60 years old who had complete hemogram data on admission, demographic data, diagnostic criteria, types of comorbid diseases, and patient outcomes (survivor or non-survivor). The exclusion criteria were elderly COVID-19 patients with incomplete Electronic Medical Records (EMR). This study found 122 elderly patients with COVID-19 with a mortality rate of 30.33%. The result showed that NLR on admission significantly increased significantly in the non-survivor group compared to the survivor group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis presented severity (RR: 5.181; CI 1.662-16.154; p=0.005), comorbid diabetes mellitus (RR: 2.829; CI: 1.115-7.178), NLR > 6.04 (RR: 6.356; CI: 2.428-16.639) and other comorbid, namely thyroid, autoimmune, cancer, and anemia (RR: 15.836; CI: 1.841-136.234; p=0.012) as factors of mortality in hospitalized elderly patients.
OKUL DIŞI ÖĞRENME ORTAMLARININ ETKİLİ KULLANILMASINDA OKUL YÖNETİCİLERİNİN ROLÜ
Authors: Alkan Dilara , Bülbül Tuncer
Published: May 2024

Çalışmanın amacı; okul dışı öğrenme ortamları bağlamında okul yönetici rollerinin ortaya konmasıdır. Araştırmada nitel yöntem kullanılmış ve olgubilim deseni tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri 12 okul müdürü ile gerçekleştirilen görüşmelerden elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın çerçevesi inanç, bürokrasi ve finans olarak üç başlık altında oluşturulmuştur. İnanç başlığı altında okul dışı öğrenme etkinliklerinin öğrenci ve öğretmen performanslarına etkisi; bürokrasi başlığı altında okul dışı öğrenme etkinliklerinin yürütülmesinde karşılaşılan durumlar ile okul dışı öğrenme etkinliklerinin okulun kurum kültürüne ve iletişimine etkisi; finans başlığı altında ise okul dışı öğrenme etkinliklerindeki mevcut finansal kaynakların ve hedeflenen finansal kaynakların durumu ele alınmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları okul dışı öğrenme etkinliklerinin öneminin ve okul müdürlerinin bu konudaki sorumluluklarının giderek arttığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bulgulara göre okul yöneticileri okul dışı öğrenme etkinliklerinin öğrencilerin akademik başarılarını doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak olumlu yönde etkilediğini düşünmektedir. Okul müdürlerine göre okul dışı öğrenme etkinlikleri akademik başarı dışında öğrencinin motivasyonunu, özgüvenini ve kişiler arası ilişkilerini güçlendirmektedir. Okul yöneticilerine göre dışı öğrenme etkinliği içerik açısından hedef gruba uygun olmalı, öğretmen veya öğrencinin kişisel gelişimine katkı sağlamalı, okul programına uygun olmalı ve güvenlik riskleri barındırmamalıdır. Okul müdürleri milli duyguları canlandıran, doğal yaşam sevgisini arttıran, sınav motivasyonunu arttıran ve bilimsel içeriği ile öne çıkan okul dışı öğrenme etkinliklerinin geçekleştirilmesi konusunda daha isteklidir.
OKUL ÖNCESİ ÖĞRETMENLERİN SANAT EĞİTİMİNE YÖNELİK TUTUMLARI İLE İNOVATİF DÜŞÜNME EĞİLİMLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Yapalı Yunus
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışma, Türkiye'de erken çocukluk öğretmenlerinin sanat eğitimine ve inovatif düşünme eğilimlerine dair tutumlarını ve bu tutumlar arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi hedeflemektedir. Araştırma, erken çocukluk dönemi öğretmenlerinin bu tutumlarının eğitim kalitesi, öğretim yaklaşımları, öğrenci gelişimi ve eğitim reformları gibi alanlarda potansiyel etkilerini vurgulamaktadır. İlişkisel tarama modeli kullanılarak nicel bir araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma “Sanat Eğitimine Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği (SEYTÖ)” ve “Okul Öncesi Öğretmenlerine Yönelik İnovatif Düşünme Eğilimi Ölçeği (İDEÖ)” ile sınırlandırılmış ve 2022-2023 eğitim-öğretim döneminde gönüllü olarak katılan 344 erken çocukluk öğretmeni üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Veri analizi için SPSS 24 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar, öğretmenlerin sanat eğitimine yönelik tutumları ile inovatif düşünme eğilimleri arasında pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Ancak, öğretmenlerin demografik özelliklerinin (cinsiyet, yaş, hizmet süresi ve eğitim seviyesi) bu tutumlar üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisi tespit edilmemiştir.
Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma erken çocukluk öğretmenlerinin sanat eğitimine ve inovatif düşünme eğilimlerine dair tutumlarının önemini ve bu tutumlar arasındaki ilişkinin eğitim alanındaki potansiyel etkilerini ortaya koymaktadır.
Antenatal RHD screening to guide antenatal anti-D immunoprophylaxis in non-immunized D– pregnant women
Authors: Clausen Frederik B.
Published: May 2024

In pregnancy, D– pregnant women may be at risk of becoming immunized against D when carrying a D+ fetus, which may eventually lead to hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. Administrating antenatal and postnatal anti-D immunoglobulin prophylaxis decreases the risk of immunization substantially. Noninvasive fetal RHD genotyping, based on testing cell-free DNA extracted from maternal plasma, offers a reliable tool to predict the fetal RhD phenotype during pregnancy. Used as a screening program, antenatal RHD screening can guide the administration of antenatal prophylaxis in non-immunized D– pregnant women so that unnecessary prophylaxis is avoided in those women who carry a D– fetus. In Europe, antenatal RHD screening programs have been running since 2009, demonstrating high test accuracies and program feasibility. In this review, an overview is provided of current state-of-the-art antenatal RHD screening, which includes discussions on the rationale for its implementation, methodology, detection strategies, and test performance. The performance of antenatal RHD screening in a routine setting is characterized by high accuracy, with a high diagnostic sensitivity of ≥99.9 percent. The result of using antenatal RHD screening is that 97–99 percent of the women who carry a D– fetus avoid unnecessary prophylaxis. As such, this activity contributes to avoiding unnecessary treatment and saves valuable anti-D immunoglobulin, which has a shortage worldwide. The main challenges for a reliable noninvasive fetal RHD genotyping assay are low cell-free DNA levels, the genetics of the Rh blood group system, and choosing an appropriate detection strategy for an admixed population. In many parts of the world, however, the main challenge is to improve the basic care for D– pregnant women.
An update to Kidd blood group system
Authors: Hamilton Janis R.
Published: May 2024

Since publication of the original Immunohematology review of the Kidd blood group system in 2015 (Hamilton JR. Kidd blood group system: a review. Immunohematology 2015;31:29–34), knowledge has mushroomed pertaining to gene structure, alleles causing variant and null phenotypes, clinical significance in renal transplant and hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn, and physiologic functions of urea transporters in non-renal tissues. This review will detail much of this new information.
Carotid artery elongation (carotid dolichoarteriopathy): some features of the structure and hemodynamics
Authors: Golovin D. A. , Berdalin A. B. , Kudryavtsev Yu. S. , Fedosenko M. B. , Rostovtseva T. M. , Lelyuk S. E. , Lelyuk V. G.
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the study. Multimodal study of the state of the brachiocephalic arteries, with assessment of blood flow in the extra- and intracranial portions of the carotid arteries and brain perfusion, as well as the structure of the brain in patients with different types of elongation of the carotid arteries (ECA).

Material and methods. The data of examinations of 79 patients (45 men (57.0%, average age – 61.0 ± 10.1 years) and 34 women (43.0%, 65.3 ± 13.6 years), average age 62.8 ± 11.8 years) during the year after ischemic stroke in posterior circulation were analyzed. ECA was verified by multispiral computed tomographic angiography (msCTA) in 44 patients (55.7% of the total number of cases), the control group was selected by gender and age with “case-control” elements and consisted of 35 (44.3%) patients without a mustache. All underwent msCTA of the thoracic aorta and BCA and CT perfusion examination, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, duplex scanning of BCA and transcranial duplex scanning, transthoracic echocardiography, transcranial Doppler monitoring with microembolodetection.

Results. We have registered intergroup differences, which can be divided into structural and functional. The former include: higher aortic arch location in patients with DCA: ThII – 6.3% vs. 0%, ThIII – 43% vs. 0%; ThIV – 28.1% vs. 62.9%* and ThV 21.9% vs. 37.1% (p < 0.0005); lower values of cervical spine height (114.70 ± 11.03 mm, vs. 120.46 ± 9.75 mm, p = 0.022), greater absolute length of the ICA (on the right – 101.32 ± 14.59 mm vs. 85.06 ± 12.07 mm, p < 0.0005; on the left – 100.00 ± 14.03 mm vs. 84.66 ± 12.63 mm, p < 0.0005). The presence of ECA was associated (p < 0.05) with a higher frequency of vertebral artery elongation. The severity of small vessel disease during MRI in individuals with ECA was slightly higher (not at the trend level, p = 0.076). Functional differences consisted in the registration of lower (p = 0.019) values of the end diastolic velocity in M1 of the middle cerebral arteries. The values of some perfusion indices in the blood supply of elongation arteries were lower than in persons without ECA. There were no cases of registration of microembolic signals in the ECA patients examined by us.

Conclusion. In the individuals with ECA we examined, a complex of anatomical and hemodynamic features was determined, which, both individually and collectively, cannot lead to a decrease in the level of blood flow or be a source of arterio-arterial embolism in the carotid system, regardless of the configuration of the ICA.
Medical visualization in pregnancy: indications, limitations and prospects
Authors: Pavlovskaya E. A. , Bagnenko Sergey S. , Burovik Ilya A. , Busko Ekaterina A. , Tiatkov Stanislav A. , Grishko Pavel Yu. , Berlev Igor V.
Published: May 2024

The present paper reports available modern data about the safety of medical visualization, including US, MRI, CT, PET and scintigraphy. In all accessed papers, objects are pregnant women and fetuses – the most vulnerable of all groups of patients. We summarize data concerning exposure to radiodiagnostic procedures during pregnancy and approaches to diminish the potential risk. We analyzed articles published between 2003 and 2023 using PubMed and Google Scholar. Keywords included: MR-safety, pregnancy, CT, MRI, US, scintigraphy. The list of found articles consisted of more the 2000 items. We analyzed more than 100 articles in Russian and English and included 63 items in the current review. Primarily we dealt with clinical guidelines based on randomized trials on the safety of radiological methods during pregnancy. Hopefully, presented information, including the latest international recommendations, will help clinicians and patients pursue realistic and informed approaches and minimize anxiety.
A malignancy phantom: a rare clinical case report of metastatic renal cell carcinoma with no evidence of a primary lesion presenting as cerebellar ataxia
Authors: Farraj Husam , Abushalha Kamelah , Bader Husam , Peabody Mitchel F. , Kroker-Bode Claudia
Published: May 2024

Background:

Anti-Ma2 antibody-associated paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS) usually presents as limbic encephalitis in the context of testicular tumors. We report a rare case of anti-Ma2 positive PNS with deviation from the classic scenario, thus expanding the phenotype of anti-ma2 associated PNS.

Case Presentation:

This is a 53-year-old male who presented with dizziness and visual changes and was later diagnosed with anti-Ma2 antibody-positive cerebellar ataxia. Further workup revealed retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy which, using biopsy, was identified as metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. However, imaging did not reveal a primary renal lesion.

Conclusion:

Physicians should be aware of non-classic presentations of PNSs, especially given that they commonly precede and point towards an underlying, many times undiagnosed, malignancy.
Uncommon cystic presentation of a common cervical mass
Authors: El-Haddad Joya , Tassart Marc
Published: May 2024

Background:

Parathyroid cysts (PCs) are rare, constituting less than 0.5% of parathyroid lesions. PCs are often asymptomatic or present with non-specific symptoms, posing challenges for accurate diagnosis.

Case Presentation:

We report a case of a 22-year-old female presenting a painless, growing left-sided neck mass. Imaging, including contrast-enhanced neck computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and high-resolution ultrasound (US), revealed a purely cystic lesion in the anterior upper mediastinum. Subsequent US-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) confirmed the cystic nature. In situ parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were elevated, leading to the diagnosis of a non-functioning PC. Surgical intervention was avoided, and symptomatic relief was achieved through US-guided cyst aspiration.

Conclusion:

This case emphasizes the rarity of non-functioning PCs and underscores the importance of a comprehensive diagnostic approach, including imaging studies and FNAC with in situ dosage of PTH levels.
Analisis Kesesuaian Pengembangan Agrowisata Durian (Durio Zibethinus Murr) di Desa Sarah Raya Kabupaten Aceh Jaya
Authors: Izwar  , Jalil Muhammad , Irawan Jekki , Putra Iwandikasyah , Fajri Maulidil
Published: May 2024

Research on the analysis of the suitability of the durian agrotourism area will have a positive impact on the long-term plans of the local government and the community who are planning the Sarah Raya village area as the durian center of Aceh Jaya. This research was carried out in Sarah Raya Village, Pasie Raya District, Aceh Jaya Regency. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive, aimed at describing findings and measurement data in the field systematically, factually and comprehensively. This research examines the feasibility and suitability of land in Sarah Raya Village for cultivating durian plants as well as the potential and support for developing durian agrotourism areas in Sarah Raya Village. Indicators and field observation results show an annual average temperature of 26.1 °C in 2021-2022, relative humidity of 80% in 2022, Andosol soil type, altitude of 200-600 m above sea level, and rainfall of 3175.9 mm in 2021-2022, while Ph is in a neutral position of 5-7, the results of these measurements show that Sarah Raya Village is very suitable as a durian agro-tourism area, apart from that the potential and community support for the development of agro-tourism in Sarah Raya Village is very positive. This can be seen from the average response of 71% of respondents who gave a positive response to the development of agro-tourism areas.
Actuator Surface Modeling of Rotors at the Ship–Helicopter Dynamic Interface
Authors: Linton Daniel , Thornber Ben
Published: May 2024

The aerodynamics of the ship–helicopter dynamic interface play an important role in determining ship–helicopter operating limits. A review of prior studies, in conjunction with experimental work, indicates that a time-accurate rotor model and a physics-based turbulence-resolving flow solver with two-way coupling between these components are required to accurately predict rotor–airwake and rotor–rotor interactions. Here, a recently developed actuator surface model is validated against two further multirotor cases and employed for two large-scale ship–helicopter dynamic interfaces with up to three concurrent rotorcraft and five rotors. Simulations of the Sikorsky X2 rotor with significant rotor–rotor interaction match resolved unsteady rotor loading well using 1.2% of the computational effort of resolved blade calculations. Computations of the outwash from a Boeing CH-47D in hover gave results within experimental error bars for most azimuths, where discrepancies may be attributed to the estimated trim and division of rotor loading. Simulations of the dynamic interface between the Simple Frigate Shape 1 and a hovering UH-60a were presented for three wind-over-deck angles and three positions for 40 knots of wind speed. The computed thrust and root mean square thrust coefficients in the closed-loop pilot control band are presented and demonstrated to have an to have an expected dependence on immersion in the ship airwake. Finally, a large-scale dynamic interface computation was performed with two CH-47Ds and one UH-60a operating concurrently over the deck of the landing helicopter assault ship at 40 knots of wind speed and 0° and 30° angle. Results highlighted the importance of understanding rotor-wake/airwake interactions dependent on rotorcraft type and position and wind-over-deck. The computation provided unsteady thrust and torque for each of the five rotors from 60 s of data using just 11,424 central processing unit hours on a grid of [Formula: see text] points. These simulations show that hybrid Navier–Stokes simulations employing actuator line or surface methods are capable of providing high-fidelity, time-accurate predictions of rotor loads at the ship–helicopter dynamic interface at substantially lower cost.
Aerodynamic Modeling and Design Optimization of a Variable-Camber Piezocomposite Rotor
Authors: Shah Bharg , Katibeh Mohammad , Bilgen Onur
Published: May 2024

Multirotor vehicles typically use either complex mechanisms to vary blade pitch angle or speed control to vary thrust and torque to attain stability and maneuverability. Alternatively, thrust and torque can be varied by morphing the blades without the use of complex mechanisms and without varying the rotor speed. This method could be faster to change thrust, more efficient, and it may require fewer mechanical components. This paper presents an experimentally validated aerodynamic model with an empirical static-aeroelastic correction to predict the thrust and torque coefficient of a mechanism-free rotor with Macro-Fiber Composite actuators. A variable-camber piezocomposite rotor prototype is experimentally tested on a static-thrust setup. The experiment is used to identify the so-called unknown coefficients of the model (e.g., related to the shape of the blade induced by the piezoelectric device) and to identify a correction to account for flow-induced deformations. Using the identified model, several parametric analyses are conducted to predict thrust and torque coefficients as a function of rotor speed and the electrical excitation of the piezocomposite actuators. In addition, the model is used for design optimization, leading to several optimal designs based on a limited parameter space. Three different objective functions are used: maximizing thrust, minimizing torque, and maximizing thrust-to-torque ratio. The operational aerodynamic characteristics of these designs are also presented.
Active heating of greenhouse integrated semitransparent photovoltaic thermal system with series connected semitransparent photovoltaic thermal air collectors
Authors: Tiwari Gopal Nath , Singh Shikha , Kalkar Sonali
Published: May 2024

In order to fulfill the demand for energy and food security, an active heating of a controlled environment greenhouse integrated semitransparent photovoltaic thermal (GiSPVT) system with N-semitransparent photovoltaic thermal (SPVT) air collector for cold climatic conditions has been analyzed in this paper. The proposed SPVT air collectors are connected in series and integrated with GiSPVT. It is used to generate thermal as well as electrical energy to meet the daily requirements of users. Based on the energy balance equation which is a function of design and climatic parameters, an analytical expression for various variable parameters namely plant, room air, and solar cell temperatures have been derived. Numerical computation has been made in Matlab for computing the thermal, electrical, and overall exergy of the proposed system. Based on numerical computation, the following observations have been made:

(i)

From a thermal point of view, the packing factor (0.5, 0.8) of the semitransparent PV module plays an important role and it must be optimized for maximum thermal heating.

(ii)

The selection of a number of collector N is an important parameter to generate electrical energy as well as thermal heating of GiSPVT room air in an optimum way.
Quadrilles of the Southern Part of the Chelyabinsk Region: Type, Structure, Variants
Authors: Мартынова Н.Э.
Published: May 2024

Статья посвящена структурному и композиционному анализу кадрилей русскоязычных сел южной части Челябинской области, типологическое объединение которых основывается на конструктивном соотношении с «французской кадрилью». Появление и распространение последней отвечало тенденциям времени, а принципиальная незавершенность организации композиции создавала условия ассимиляции в уже сложившейся традиции русской хореографии. Модная форма задавала жанровые границы и одновременно возможности развития, что объясняет столь широкое распространение кадрили в крестьянской среде. Построение инвариантной модели рассматриваемых кадрилей дает основание увидеть целостное содержание композиционного типа: структуру, ее организацию — и позволяет выделить структурные единицы (формулы), заложенные в формировании коротких танцевальных отрывков — фигур. Последнее определяет выбор соответствующих выразительных средств и дает возможность соотносить разницу схем фигур вариантных примеров в контексте соответствующего замысла. Модель инварианта также помогает более четко увидеть локальную специфику вариантных кадрилей, разрабатывающихся в рамках танцевальных требований обозначенной территории. Автор приходит к выводу, что форма кадрили в две пары южной части Челябинской области отличается лаконичностью в организации системы рисунков.

This article analyzes the structure and composition of the quadrilles of Russian-speaking villages in the southern part of the Chelyabinsk region. They are typologically related to the “French Quadrille”; their appearance and distribution in Russia corresponded to the trends of the time, and the fundamental incompleteness of their composition created conditions for the assimilation of elements from the already established tradition of Russian choreography. The fashionable form set genre boundaries and at the same time offered opportunities for development, which explains the wide distribution of the quadrille in the peasant environment. The article presents an invariant model for the quadrilles that makes it possible to see the integral content of their composition and the elements of their structure and organization. This also allows us to identify structural units (formulas) embedded in the formation of short dance fragments or figures. These structural units determine the choice of expressive means and makes it possible to correlate differences among the variant figural schemes, helping us to see the local specificity of variant quadrilles within the dance traditions of the given territory. This analysis leads to the conclusion that the two-pair square dance form from the southern part of the Chelyabinsk region features laconism in its organization of patterns. The article also comments on the everyday life of these quadrilles.
Sociocultural and Emotional-Psychological Features of Komsomol and Pioneer Songs of the 1920–1980s
Authors: Поздеев В.А.
Published: May 2024

В статье рассматриваются особенности комсомольских и пионерских песен 1920–1980-х гг. Часть исследования посвящена социально-политическим и культурным предпосылкам создания «новых» революционных песен и песенников. Песенники публиковались в столицах и в провинции, по составу часто они перекликались. Выявлена структура и состав песенников различных лет. Специальное внимание уделено элементам эмоциональной направленности песен, а также языковым средствам, используемым при выражении чувств автора/исполнителя. Определяется эмотивная лексика и другие элементы текста, которые воздействуют на эмоциональную сферу слушающего. Показано, как трансформация социально-исторических и эмоционально-психологических установок в советской комсомольской и пионерской песне 1920– 1980­х гг. отражает «волнообразный» процесс идеологических изменений в массовой музыкально-песенной культуре.

This study examines Komsomol and Pioneer songs of the 1920s–1980s. Part of the study is devoted to the socio-political and cultural prerequisites for the creation of revolutionary songs and songbooks. Songbooks were created both in the capitals and provinces; their content often overlapped. The structure and composition of songbooks of various years is also considered. The article focuses in particular on the emotional elements of the songs as well as the linguistic means used to express the performer’s feelings, as emotive vocabulary and other elements in the text affect the listener’s emotional responses. It suggests that the transformation of socio-historical and emotional-psychological attitudes in Soviet Komsomol and Pioneer songs of the 1920s–1980s reflects a “wave-like” process of ideological change in mass music and song culture.
“Within the First Few Minutes God Created Universities”: Collective Memory and Personal Narrative
Authors: Воробьев В.А.
Published: May 2024

В статье рассматриваются различные контексты бытования студенческой песни «В первые минуты бог создал институты…», возникшей в ХХ в., но аккумулирующей различные слои песенной культуры русского студенчества XIX–ХХ вв. Прослеживаются линии бытования студенческой песни через коллективную память, сохраняющую устойчивые содержательные элементы студенческой песни XIX в. — пьянство студентов и топику, связанную с идентичностью сообщества. Учитываются также личные нарративы, которые влияют на бытование и вариативность текста, превращая песню если не в полноценную биографию исполнителя, то во фрагменты биографии с основными этапами студенческой жизни. Специально анализируется политическая топика, обретенная студенческой песней на рубеже веков и продолжающая включаться в тексты студентов во второй половине ХХ в. Часть исследования посвящена рассмотрению студенческой песни как части традиции русской parodia sacra, а также ритуальным структурам и бюрократическим элементам, позволяющим отечественной сакральной пародии жить вплоть до эпохи постфольклора и традиций городской песни ХХ в. Специально рассматриваются механизмы, влияющие на вариативность песни «В первые минуты бог создал институты…», а также широкий контекст происхождения песни — от военной песни на стихи Константина Симонова через авторскую переработку Владлена Бахнова до многообразия вариантов во второй половине ХХ в.

This article considers various contexts of the student song “Within the First Few Minutes God Created Universities,” which emerged in the twentieth century, but which reflects various layers of Russian student song culture of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The song preserves elements of nineteenth-century student songs that may be said to belong to the collective memory. This includes the theme of student drunkenness and topics connected with the identity of the community. The performer’s personal narrative is also present. This helps account for the existence and variability of the text, turning the song, if not into a full-fledged biography, at least into fragments of biography, that mention the main stages of student life. The article also analyzes the political topics that began to appear in student songs at the turn of the century and that continued to be included in student texts of the second half of the twentieth century. The study also examines student song as a part of the tradition of Russian parodia sacra, considering the ritual structures and bureaucratic elements that allow domestic sacred parody to survive in the post-folklore era and in the context of twentieth-century urban song traditions. Mechanisms influencing variations of the song “Within the First Few Minutes God Created Universities” are also examined, as well as the song’s development from a war song based on Konstantin Simonov’s poems to author Vladlen Bakhnov’s reworking of the song, to later variants.
The Dispute About St. George the Victorious in Poetic Texts About the Miraculous Events on Nikolskaya Mountain
Authors: Липатова А.П.
Published: May 2024

Статья посвящена анализу стихотворных произведений наивного поэта Валерия Александровича Еремина, проживающего в пгт Сурском Сурского района Ульяновской области. На территории поселка расположена Никольская гора — крупный сакральный центр, почитаемый жителями Ульяновской области и соседних регионов. Согласно устной и письменной традиции, Никольская гора стала почитаться как святая после того, как на ней явился Николай Чудотворец и отпугнул врагов, угрожающих селению. У Валерия Александровича есть своя версия события, отличная от официальной. Ее он транслирует в стихотворных произведениях. Информационный фонд сакрального места с богатой историей состоит из нескольких слоев: письменные тексты второй половины XIX — начала XX в., современные устные и письменные рассказы. Вариации чудесного события, приведшего к сакрализации горы в Промзине (ныне — пгт Сурское), знакомы самодеятельному поэту, но ни одна из них не становится для него ведущей. «Специфическая амбициозность» (М. Лурье) творчества наивного поэта приводит к «пересборке» концепта «малая родина». Спор с версиями чудесного события, реализуемыми в современных нарративах и рассказах конца XIX — начала XX в., позволяет поэту вписать историю малой родины в мировую историю.

This article analyzes poetic works by the naive poet Valery Alexandrovich Eremin, who lives in Sursky (formerly Promzino), Sursky district, Ulyanovsk region. That is where Nikolskaya Mountain, a large sacred center revered by residents of the Ulyanovsk and neighboring regions, is located. According to texts from the second half of the XIX – early XX century as well as modern oral and written accounts, Nikolskaya Mountain became revered as holy after Nicholas the Wonderworker appeared on it and scared away enemies who were threatening the village. Since the late nineteenth century, however, some have cast doubt on the story’s veracity. Eremin has his own poetic version of the event, different from existing accounts, with which he is familiar, although none of them is authoritative for him. According to Mikhail Lur’e, the special nature of a naive poet’s patriotism leads to a “reconstruction” of the concept of “small homeland” (land of one’s birth), and instead of seeking artistic perfection, the naive author “sees his [work’s] merit in ‘informing’ other people — fellow villagers, descendants, potential readers.” Debate over the nature of the miraculous event has allowed the poet to create his own history, inscribing his small homeland into world history.
“Dance of the Deceased Brides”: Occasional Practices in Yakut Funeral Rites
Authors: Бравина Р.И.
Published: May 2024

Статья вводит в научный оборот неопубликованные ранее фольклорные тексты об окказиональных обрядах якутов, связанных с традиционными представлениями о смерти и воскрешении/продлении жизни. Первая группа источников содержит предания вилюйских якутов о трехкратном перезахоронении дочери матерью-шаманкой. С целью вернуть ее в мир живых мать ежегодно устраивала летний праздник ысыах, где умершая, поддерживаемая подругами, «участвовала» в ритуальном танце осуохай, пластически воплощающем обращение-моление к небесным божествам айыы, дарующим и сохраняющим жизнь на земле. Во вторую группу вошли предания центральных и вилюйских якутов о похоронах умерших невест по сценарию свадебного обряда кыыс сюктэр «переезда невесты в дом жениха». Участники похорон, управляя телом усопшей, имитировали пространственное перемещение невесты (церемония вывода из отчего дома, ритуальные поклоны, торжественный отъезд верхом на коне). В статье предлагается структурно-семиотический анализ окказиональных действий в обряде погребения. В первом сюжете стремление матери удержать дочь среди живых заставляет ее вскрыть могилу с последующим вторичным погребением. Во втором сюжете обыгрывается свадебный обряд перехода, закрепляющий за умершей невестой статус замужней женщины. Возможно, исходными прототипами рассматриваемых окказиональных практик и связанных с ними верований являлись вторичные и потревоженные погребения, фиксируемые в древних археологических культурах Евразии.

This article presents previously unpublished folklore texts about occasional rituals of the Yakuts that are connected to traditional beliefs about death and resurrection or the prolongation of life, and it offers structural-semiotic analysis of actions performed in the funeral ritual. The first group of materials contains legends of the Vilyui Yakuts about a three-fold burial of a daughter by a shaman mother. To bring her daughter back to the world of the living, one legend tells how the mother annually organized the ysyakh summer holiday, supported by her friends. She participated in the ritual osuohai dance that enacts an appeal-prayer to the heavenly deities of ayyy, who bestow and preserve life on earth. The mother’s desire to keep her daughter among the living leads her to open the grave, followed by a subsequent re-burial. The second group of material includes legends of the central and Vilyuisk Yakuts, one of which describes the funeral of deceased brides according to the scenario of the kyys syukter wedding ceremony, “moving the bride to the groom’s house.” The funeral participants control the body of the deceased, imitating the spatial movement of the bride (this includes a ceremony of taking the body from the father’s house, ritual bows, and a solemn departure on horseback). The wedding rite of passage is reenacted, solidifying the status of the deceased bride as a married woman. It is possible these occasional practices and associated beliefs are associated with disturbed gravesites, documented in archaeological studies of ancient Eurasian cultures.
Forest Women in the Hunting Stories of the Komi-Zyryans
Authors: Панюков А.В.
Published: May 2024

Статья представляет читателю небольшую подборку демонологических рассказов о столкновениях охотников с демонами-женщинами. Дана краткая сюжетно-тематическая характеристика текстов, выделены две основные составляющие охотничьего репертуара: «открытая», направленная на широкую аудиторию, и «закрытая», бытующая в самой субкультуре или в семейном кругу охотника. Первая составляющая представлена здесь демонологическими рассказами, воспроизводящими известную на Русском Севере бывальщину о мнимой жене, разорвавшей на глазах охотника родившегося ребенка. Более «закрытую» часть нарративного репертуара составляют рассказы биографического характера, транслируемые в узкой среде самих охотников или в кругу семьи, обретая статус семейного фольклора. Эти нарративы отличаются и поэтикой, и содержанием, связанным с личными переживаниями необъяснимых явлений. Автором обозначена перспективная тема изучения подобных сюжетов в контексте исследования измененных состояний сознания, отраженных и в приведенных текстах. Промысловая жизнь часто проходит на пределе адаптивных возможностей человека и порождает факторы, способные индуцировать попадание в измененные состояния сознания, сопровождаемые теми или иными расстройствами восприятия (иллюзиями, галлюцинациями), что не могло не отразиться и в демонологических представлениях.

This article examines a small selection of demonological stories about the encounters of hunters with female demons. Their characteristic plot is briefly described and two main groups of the tales are defined, either as “open”--aimed at a wide audience, or as “closed”-told within the subculture itself or in the hunter’s family circle. The first group is represented here by demonological stories reproducing a plot well known in the Russian North about an imagined wife who rips apart a hunter’s child right in front of him. The more “closed” narratives consist of biographical stories disseminated among the hunters themselves or in the family circle, acquiring the status of family folklore. These two groups differ in both poetics and in content that relates to personal experiences of unexplained phenomena. The author suggests that these stories be considered in the context of the changed states of consciousness that they depict. The life of fishermen often takes place at the limit of human endurance and can induce altered states of consciousness; these are manifested by various perceptual disorders (illusions, hallucinations) that are reflected in demonological terms.
Materials from N. A. Krinichnaya’s Expeditions in KARRC RAS Archives: On the 85th Anniversary of Her Birth
Authors: Миронова В.П. , Лызлова А.С.
Published: May 2024

Российскому фольклористу Неониле Артемовне Криничной, много лет отдавшей изучению исторической прозы, русской мифологии, 22 ноября 2023 г. исполнилось бы 85 лет. Настоящая статья освещает начало профессиональной деятельности известного исследователя, неразрывно связанное с активной собирательской работой, нередко совершаемой вместе с супругом писателем В.И. Пулькиным. Любимым местом их экспедиционных выездов стал Русский Север. Именно здесь Н.А. Криничной были зафиксированы многочисленные предания, позднее ставшие материалом для научных сборников, статей и монографий. В центре внимания собирательницы оказались также заонежские династии, в частности, ей посчастливилось получить любопытный материал от М.Ф. Коваленко, внучки И.Г. Рябинина-Андреева. Интересовала Н.А. Криничную и традиционная культура коренного местного населения — карелов, и прежде всего ее привлекала хорошая сохранность у этого народа мифологической прозы и верований. Все записанные материалы по сей день хранятся в фольклорном фонде Научного архива Карельского научного центра РАН и в Фонограммархиве Института языка, литературы и истории КарНЦ РАН. В статье впервые публикуются отчеты собирателя. Проведенные экспедиции оказали огромное влияние на формирование Н.А. Криничной как фольклориста и позволили ей рассматривать текст в социокультурном окружении.

Russian folklorist Neonila Artyomovna Krinichnaya, who dedicated many years to studying historical prose and mythology, would have turned 85 on November 22, 2023. This article covers the early years of the renowned researcher’s professional career, which involved active collecting, often carried out together with her husband, the writer V. I. Pulkin. The Russian North became the favorite destination for their expeditions; it was here that Krinichnaya recorded numerous legends which later became source material for various collective scholarly volumes, articles, and monographs. The collector also focused on family histories from Zaonezh’e; in particular, she was fortunate to get interesting material from M. F. Kovalenko, granddaughter of I. G. Ryabinin-Andreev. Krinichnaya was also interested in the traditional culture of the indigenous Karelians, and she was dedicated to preserving their mythological prose and beliefs. All of her expeditionary materials are stored in the Folklore Section of the Scientific Archives of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (KarRC RAS) and in the Audio Records Archive of the Institute of Linguistics, Literature and History (also in the Karelian Research Centre archive). This article publishes Krinichnaya’s reports (otchety) of her expeditions for the first time, expeditions that had a great impact on Krinichnaya as a folklorist, impelling her to understand texts in their cultural context.
Anion effect in electrochemical CO2 reduction: from spectators to orchestrators
Authors: Yoo Ji Mun , Ingenmey Johannes , Salanne Mathieu , Lukatskaya Maria R.
Published: May 2024

Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) offers a pathway to produce valuable chemical fuels from CO2. However, its efficiency in aqueous electrolytes is hindered by the concurrent H2 evolution reaction (HER), which takes place at similar potentials. While the influence of cations on this process has been extensively studied, the influence of anions remains largely unexplored. In this work, we study how eCO2RR selectivity and activity on a gold catalyst are affected by a wide range of inorganic and carboxylate anions. We utilize in situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) for real-time product monitoring, coupled with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We show, that anions significantly impact eCO2RR kinetics and eCO2RR selectivity. MD simulations reveal a new descriptor – free energy of anion physisorption – where weakly adsorbing anions enable favorable CO2 reduction kinetics. By leveraging these fundamental insights, we identify propionate as the most promising anion, achieving nearly 100% Faradaic efficiency while showing high CO production rates that are comparable to those in bicarbonate. These insights underscore the vital role of anion selection in achieving highly efficient eCO2RR in aqueous electrolytes.
Disulfuration of Azlactones: A Versatile Entry to Unnatural, Disulfide-Linked Amino Acids and Peptides
Authors: Asanuma Hayato , Hosono Kenya , Iwata Masaki , Takami Yuzuki , Yoshikai Naohiko , Kanemoto Kazuya
Published: May 2024

We have developed a DABCO-catalyzed disulfuration reaction of azlactones using N-dithiophthalimides for the preparation of the SS-linked amino acid derivatives. This reaction proceeds under mild conditions, yielding disulfurated azlactones in excellent yields across a variety of N-dithiophthalimides and diverse azlactones derived from various amino acids. Leveraging the ready availability of N-dithiophthalimides from several bilateral disulfurating reagents and the transformability of the azlactone moiety through ring-opening with various nucleophiles, our method offers a wide variety of disulfide–peptide conjugation in a modular and time-efficient manner, serving as a valuable tool for linker chemistry and peptide chemistry.