bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
महिलाओं के विरुद्ध हिंसा के विविध रूप : एक विवेवचन
Authors:   State officer NSS Mahanadi bhawan naya raipur CG, Bajpai Neeta
Published: December 2024

महिलाओं के प्रति हिंसा एकवैश्विक परिघटना है जो न केवल लगभग सार्वभौम है बल्कि समसामयिक रुप से नॉर्वे स्वीडन डेनमार्क के अत्यधिक उन्नत समाजोंसे लेकर रवाण्डा बुरूण्डी कांगो जायरे जैसे विकासशील और विकसित समाजो तक यह एक महत्वपूर्णसमस्या बनी हुई है । एक सनातन समस्या भी है अर्थात प्राचीन काल से लेकर आधुनिक कालतक की समस्या बनी हुई है। पुनर्जागरण के पश्चात महिला अधिकारों के विस्तार के साथ महिलाओंके प्रति सम्मान में यद्यपि वृद्धि हुई है लेकिन महिलाओं के प्रति हिंसा की समस्याबनी हुई है। तकनीकी के विकास और प्रसार के साथ महिलाओं के प्रति हिंसा की रिपोर्टिंगऔर गणना में यद्यपि वृद्धि हुई है तथापि हिंसा में बहुत अधिक कमी दृष्टिगोचर नहीं है। महिलाओं के प्रति हिंसा के कुछ प्रतिरूप जैसे घरेलू हिंसा बलात्कार आदि प्राचीन कालसे बने हुए हैं किंतु देश काल परिस्थिति के अनुसार तथा तकनीकी के प्रभाव के कारण महिलाओंके प्रति हिंसा के नवीन रूप भी सामने आए हैं । साइबर अपराध,ऑनलाइन टीजिंग लैंगिक हिंसाके नए रूप हैं। हिंसक राजनीतिक आंदोलनो, गृह युद्धो, गुरिल्ला युद्धो, आतंकवाद जनितहिंसा मे महिलाओं को संपत्ति के रूप में इस्तेमाल करना, विरोधी समूह की महिलाओं केसाथ सामूहिक बलात्कार उनकी हत्या और उनको एक सामग्री के रूप में इस्तेमाल करना आदिसामयिक दुनिया मे महिलाओं के प्रति हिंसा के अन्य महत्वपूर्ण रूप हैं जिनसे महिलाओंकी बहुत बड़ी आबादी प्रभावित होती है । शीत युद्ध काल और उसके बाद होने वाले क्षेत्रीयसंघर्षों जैसे वियतनाम युद्ध ईरान इराक युद्ध और वर्तमान समय में चल रहे यूक्रेन युद्धआदि में महिलाओं को आसान निशाना बनाया जाता है । विशेषकर उनके साथ बलात्कार की घटनाएंबहुत ही आम है जो कि बहुत ही जघन्य अपराध है । इस प्रकार महिलाओं के प्रति हिंसा केनवीन रूप सामने आए हैं जिनका विवेचन आवश्यक है । यद्यपि इन सभी में सबसे प्रमुख सामान्यकारण जो सनातन काल से लेकर के आधुनिक काल तक बना हुआ है वह है पितृसत्तावाद और पितृसत्तावादसे बनने वाली मूल्य व्यवस्था । पितृसत्तावादी मूल्य व्यवस्था के कारण ही युद्ध मेंमहिलाओं को आसान निशाना बनाया जा सकता है और उनके साथ लैंगिक हिंसा की जाती है । इसीप्रकार घरेलू हिंसा के लगभग सभी रूप पितृसत्तावादी और पुरुषवादी सोच का परिणाम होतेहैं । इसलिए लैंगिक हिंसा को रोकने के लिए शिक्षा के प्रसार और सामाजिक मूल्य प्रणालीमें पितृसत्तावादी प्रभाव की निरंतर कमी आवश्यक है। जनजातीय समाजों में और स्कैंडिनेवियाके अत्यधिक आधुनिक समाजों में जहां लैंगिक हिंसा बहुत कम है वहां पितृसत्तावाद का प्रभावभी बहुत कम है। पितृसत्तावाद का प्रभाव औरउसके प्रसार को रोकना और आधुनिई शिक्षाका प्रसार करना लैंगिक हिंसा को रोकने के लिएसर्वाधिक आवश्यक है ।
फ्रांट्ज फैनन: भाषा हिंसा और उपनिवेशवाद
Authors:   Govt VYT PG Autonomous college Durg CG, Husain Shakeel
Published: December 2024

यह शोध पत्र फैनन की दो पुस्तकों ब्लैक स्किन, व्हाइट मास्क और द व्रीच्ड ऑफ द अर्थ के माध्यम से उपनिवेशवाद की प्रकृति पर फैनन के विचारों का परीक्षण करने का प्रयास है । फैनन ने जिस प्रकार से उपनिवेशवाद की प्रकृति की व्याख्या की है और उससे मुक्ति का मार्ग बताया है उसमे उन्होने दो तत्वों को उन्होंने बहुत प्रधानता दी है । मनोवैज्ञानिक स्तर पर उपनिवेशवाद को व्याख्यायित करने में उन्होंने भाषा को बहुत अधिक महत्व दिया है । उपनिवेशवाद को स्थापित करने उसे बनाए रखना और उससे मुक्ति के बाहर के रूप में हिंसा को बहुत अधिक महत्व दिया है । इन दोनों पुस्तकों में फैनन के राजनीतिक संरचना पर उनके विचारों को समझने की कोशिश की गई है एक व्यवहारवादी क्रांतिकारी होने के बाद भी मार्क्सवादी सिद्धांतों के प्रति उनकी निष्ठा काम नहीं हुई और मार्क्सवाद को उन्होंने परिवर्तन के आधार के रूप में भी स्वीकार किया। उनका मुख्य योगदान भाषा और संस्कृति के पारस्परिक संबंध के माध्यम से उपनिवेशवाद को समझने में है ।
METODE RESITASI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN TARI REYOG KENDANG DI SANGGAR DHODHOG SADJIWO DJATI KABUPATEN TULUNGAGUNG
Authors: Sinta Rahmawati
Published: December 2024

Sanggar Dhodhog Sadjiwo Djati di Desa Gendingan, Kecamatan Kedungwaru, Kabupaten Tulungagung dalam proses pembelajarannya hanya memfokuskan pada satu materi yaitu Tari Reyog Kendang. Proses pembelajaran dilakukan dengan metode resitasi yang mengantar peserta didik sanggar mendapatkan prestasi diberbagai kompetisi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan pelaksanaan metode resitasi dalam pmbelajaran tari Reyog Kendang dan mendriskipsikan hasil pembelajaran tari Reog kendang dengan metode resitasi. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu penelitian kualitatif untuk mengkaji fenomena proses pembelajaran tari Reyog Kendang. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini meliputi pelaksanaan metode resitasi dalam pembelajaran tari Reyog Kendang yang dilakukan dengan tiga tahap yaitu kegiatan pendahuluan, kegiatan inti dan penutup. Penerapan metode resitasi dilakukan dalam kegiatan inti pembelajaran dengan tiga langkah yaitu langkah pertama, memberikan gerak dasar dan memberikan materi tabuhan, langkah kedua, pembetulan teknik gerak dan latihan tabuhan, langkah ketiga peserta didik mempratekkan tari Reyog Kendang. Hasil belajar tari Reyog Kendang dengan menggunakan metode resitasi dihasilkan dari pementasan tahunan serta penilaian ujian akhir, dan pemberian sertifikat ujian. Hasil belajar peserta didik di sanggar juga terlihat dari prestasinya dalam kegiatan kompetisi maupun festival.
PEMBELAJARAN EKSTRAKURIKULER SENI KARAWITAN BAGI SISWA TUNAGRAHITA DI SLB C KEMALA BHAYANGKARI 2 GRESIK
Authors: Rian Hidayat
Published: December 2024

Ekstrakurikuler Seni Karawitan merupakan kegiatan pembelajaran seni tradisional yang dilaksanakan di luar jam pelajaran formal untuk mengasah keterampilan, minat, dan bakat siswa dalam seni Karawitan. Salah satu instansi yang menyelenggarakan program ini adalah SLB Kemala Bhayangkari 2 Gresik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses pembelajaran dan hasil dari kegiatan ekstrakurikuler Seni Karawitan bagi siswa tunagrahita di SLB C Kemala Bhayangkari 2 Gresik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi untuk mendapatkan gambaran yang mendalam mengenai proses pembelajaran dan hasilnya. Subjek penelitian meliputi guru, pelatih, dan siswa yang terlibat dalam kegiatan ekstrakurikuler ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan ekstrakurikuler Karawitan di SLB Kemala Bhayangkari 2 Gresik menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif. Metode pembelajaran yang diterapkan meliputi ceramah, demonstrasi, dan latihan (drill). Materi pembelajaran terdiri atas dua jenis, yaitu materi utama berupa Gending Lancaran dan materi selingan berupa Gending Dolanan. Hasil pembelajaran menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan ekstrakurikuler Seni Karawitan ini mampu mengoptimalkan capaian pembelajaran siswa berdasarkan aspek kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik. Hal ini menunjukkan keberhasilan program dalam mendukung pengembangan holistik siswa tunagrahita.
The Effect of Dynamization Versus Non-dynamization in the Union of Tibia Shaft Fracture-A Case-control Study
Authors: Forhad Dr. Sheikh , Siddiqui Dr. Erfanul Huq , Sazzad Hossain Dr. Mohammad , Md. Musa Dr. Sharif , Al Miraj Dr. A.K , Al Mamun Dr. Mohammad
Published: December 2024

Background: Tibial shaft fractures are common long bone injuries, especially in children and adolescents, with an incidence of 15.7 to 16.9 per 100,000 individuals annually. High-energy tibial fractures are more prevalent in males. Closed fractures occur without skin disruption, while open fractures expose the bone, making them prone to complications like infection. Treatment typically involves intramedullary nailing (IMN), achieving 90-100% union rates. Complications such as delayed union can arise with treatments like dynamization or nailing exchange. The effectiveness of dynamization varies, with success rates influenced by factors like fracture type and healing conditions. Aim of the study: The study aims to evaluate and compare the impact of dynamization versus non-dynamization on the union of tibia shaft fractures in patients undergoing treatment, as determined through clinical outcomes and fracture healing rates. Methods: This retrospective case-control study was conducted at Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University in Bangladesh, included 100 patients with closed and open grade 1 tibia shaft fractures treated with tibia intramedullary interlocking nailing. The patients were divided into two groups: 50 underwent dynamization at surgery onset (case group), and 50 did not (control group). Inclusion criteria focused on patients over 18 years with tibial diaphyseal fractures, while exclusion criteria eliminated cases with associated intra-articular or severe open fractures. Fracture healing was evaluated over 24 weeks, with statistical analysis performed using SPSS version 26.0, considering a p-value <0.05 as significant. Results: In this compared study, the highest age group in both groups was 30-39 years (case: 40%, control: 50%). Males dominated both groups (case: 70%, control: 72%). Road traffic accidents were the primary cause of injury (case: 66%, control: 60%). Closed fractures were predominant (case: 88%, control: 98%). Clinical outcomes were similar between the groups, with fair outcomes being the most common (case: 46%, control: 44%). There was no significant difference in outcomes, suggesting comparable treatment approaches. Conclusion: Dynamization showed a trend towards better clinical outcomes in tibia shaft fracture treatment, though not statistically significant. Radiographical follow-ups indicated improvement. Future research with larger samples is needed to clarify its role. Clinicians should tailor the use of dynamization based on individual patient characteristics and fracture specifics.
Alzheimer’s Disease: A Comprehensive Overview
Authors: Sahu Payal , Sahu Shikha , Sahu Bhuneshwari , Sahu Sanjay , Verma Dikeshwar , Wamankar Suchita
Published: December 2024

The primary factor contributing to dementia, which is defined by a decrease in one's capacity for independent thought and action and everyday actions, is Alzheimer's disease (AD), a syndrome that sources the degradation of mind lockups. The two primary theories proposed as the etiology of AD, a complex sickness, remain the cholinergic and amyloid hypotheses. The disease is influenced by many risk factors, such as aging, inheritances, head trauma, vascular matters, impurities, and ecological variables. Cholinesterase enzyme inhibitors and N-methyl d-aspartate (NMDA) opponents are the only dual forms of approved treatments available to indulge AD at this time. Only AD symptoms can be effectively treated with these drugs. They neither stop nor cure the condition. Over 20 danger features aimed at the Alzheimer's virus were identified in the primary assessments. These included stage, disturbing mind damage, exposure near aluminum, familial inheritance, and related comorbidities such as infection and then vascular illness. This review reexamines these risk variables in light of new data, highlights those that are currently thought to be significant, and explores a number of theories to explain how they might contribute to AD. Both presenilin (PSEN1/2) and amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene mutations are the causative genetic factor changes that stay closely related to rare forms of familial AD with an early onset (EO-FAD). Sporadic AD with late onset (LO-SAD), on the other hand, is a complex condition where age-linked alterations, risk factors related to genetics, including allelomorphic differences in the immune system, infection, metal exposure, vascular disease, traumatic brain damage, apolipoprotein E (Apo E), then various extra DNA segments, and dietary danger features are all concerned.
A Comprehensive Review of "Herbal Hair Oil: A Natural Remedy for Hair Loss and Scalp Health"
Authors: Lal Baghel Kasturi , Kumar Rishu , Dewangan Prakhar , Kumar Nema Rajesh , Wamankar Suchita
Published: December 2024

Hair loss is a common condition affecting individuals of all ages and genders, often resulting in psychological distress and reduced quality of life. Herbal hair oils have emerged as a promising alternative to synthetic treatments due to their natural composition, minimal side effects, and holistic benefits. This study explores the formulation and efficacy of herbal hair oil enriched with traditional medicinal plants known for their hair-nourishing properties. Key ingredients, such as Bhringraj (Eclipta alba), Amla (Phyllanthus emblica), Neem (Azadirachta indica), and Coconut Oil (Cocos nucifera), are known to promote hair growth, reduce scalp inflammation, and strengthen hair follicles. The oil's mechanism of action involves nourishing the scalp, improving blood circulation, and providing antimicrobial effects to combat dandruff and other scalp infections. Preliminary clinical trials and user feedback suggest that regular application of the herbal oil significantly reduces hair fall, enhances hair density, and improves overall scalp health. This study highlights the potential of herbal hair oils as a safe and effective solution for managing hair loss, with further research warranted to optimize formulations and validate long-term outcomes.
Effect of Pilates and Yoga on Balance in Subjects with Hemiparetic Stroke – A Comparative Pilot Study
Authors:   PG Student, Department of Neurology, SPB Physiotherapy College, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, Gujarat., Shil Shah  , Aparna Bachkaniwala  ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Neurology, SPB Physiotherapy College, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, Gujarat., Bhagyashree Chitania  ,   PG Student, Department of Neurology, SPB Physiotherapy College, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, Gujarat.
Published: December 2024

Background: In patients with stroke, balance is mainly affected in day-to-day life activity. Pilates and yoga include physical and mental components focusing on breathing control, spinal alignment and flexibility via multiple exercises. Pilates focuses on core stability and spinal alignment, whereas yoga combines specific postures, movement sequences, relaxation and meditation.
Aim: To compare the effect of Pilates and Yoga on balance in patient with hemiparetic stroke.
Material & Method: This study was conducted in various neurological set ups of Surat. 10 hemiparetic stroke patients were randomly assigned into 2 groups: 5 in group A (Pilates & conventional physiotherapy exercise) and 5 in group B (Yoga & conventional physiotherapy exercise). Patients in both groups received intervention for 3 days/week for 45 minutes for 4 weeks. Conventional physiotherapy was given 6 days/week. Balance was assessed by using Berg Balance Scale. Data were recorded at baseline and after 4 weeks of training. Descriptive statistics was calculated using mean and standard deviation, Paired t-test was used to find difference within group and independent t-test for between group comparison.
Result: The results showed there was no significant difference in between group on balance but there was improvement in balance in both groups.
Conclusion: After 4 weeks of training, there was significant improvement in balance in both groups. And there was no significant difference in pilates versus yoga in patients with hemiparetic stoke.
KEYWORDS: Balance, Hemiparetic stroke, Pilates, Yoga.
Effect of Multisensory Exercise Training on Sensation and Balance in Patients with Diabetic Neuropathy – A Pilot Study
Authors:   PG Student, Department of Neurology, SPB Physiotherapy College, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, Gujrat, India., Bhumi Surati  , Anjan Desai  ,   Principal, Department of Neurology, SPB Physiotherapy College, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, Gujrat, India.
Published: December 2024

Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy, is a common manifestation of peripheral nervous system in diabetes due to elevated glucose level. Symptoms include painful lower limbs, altered sensation, reduce reflexes and weakness of lower limb resulting in impairment in balance and gait. As treatment various interventions are used such as balance training, strength training, aerobic exercise, sensory motor training.
Aim of study: This study was to assess the effect of multisensory exercise training on sensation and balance in patients with diabetic neuropathy.
Methodology: This study was conducted in various OPDs and diabetic center of Surat. 10 diabetic neuropathic patients were randomly assigned in to 2 groups; 5 patients were allocated in group A (conventional & multisensory training) and 5 patients were allocated in group B (conventional therapy). Patients in both groups were treated for 3 days per week for 4 weeks. Conventional physiotherapy was given for 3 days in a week at home for 4 weeks. Sensation and balance were assessed by using Semmes-Weinstein Monofilaments and berg balance scale respectively. Data were recorded at baseline and after 4 weeks of training.
Result: The result showed there was no significant difference in effect of multisensory exercise on sensation and there was significant improvement in balance in patients with diabetic neuropathy.
Conclusion: The result of study indicate that 4 weeks of multisensory exercise program was improving balance in patients with diabetic neuropathy as compare to conventional therapy.
Key words: Multisensory exercise, Sensation, Balance, Diabetic neuropathy
Impact On Evidence-Based Clinical Practice of Considering Therapeutic Interventions in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors:   MPT Scholar, Ahmedabad Physiotherapy College, Parul university, Gujarat, India., Disha Khatri  , Dhaval Patel  ,   Assistant professor, Ahmedabad Physiotherapy College, Parul University, Gujarat, India.
Published: December 2024

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition that may negatively affect musculoskeletal health. Patients with chronic kidney disease may experience better health outcomes when they engage in physical exercise.
Objective: This literature study aims to provide a better understanding about the pathophysiology of chronic kidney disease and role of therapeutic intervention and its implication in patients with CKD and to evaluate the best treatment strategies for chronic kidney disease.
Method: Relevant keywords will be used for the research through the electronic database PubMed, Medline, and Google scholar from January 2016 till January 2023. An open-source reference management software Zotero was used to manage bibliographic data and related research materials.
Result: Databases such as PubMed, Medline, Google scholar in which 10 articles where initially screened and meet the inclusion criteria. In PUBMED, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, MEDLINE 56,214 citations were screened from January 2015 to January 2023. After applied inclusion/ exclusion criteria such as an abstract screen, full text screen, and during data extraction 56,204 articles were excluded.
Conclusion: This review highlights the wide range of approaches used in clinical practice to evaluate physical performance and activity. Enhancing symptom management is critically needed to improve quality of life in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), even if minimizing mortality is still an important objective for kidney disease.
KEYWORDS: chronic kidney disease, prevalence of CKD, Physiotherapy treatment strategies.
Quinic Acid Protects Human SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells Against Amyloid-β Cytotoxicity
Authors: Cicek Betul , Yeni Yeşim
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Alzheimer hastalığı progresifi, yaygın nörodejeneratif bir hastalık olup demansın en sık görülen türüdür. Bu hastalığın mekanizması kesin olarak bilinmemekle birlikte en önemli etmenlerden biri amiloid beta (Aβ) hücreler arası plakların oluşumudur. Kinik asit (QA) antioksidan özellikleri sayesinde nöroprotektif etki sağlayan bir polifenoldür. Çalışmamızın amacı QA'nın Aβ peptidi kaynaklı oksidatif nörotoksisiteye karşı in vitro koruyucu etkisini araştırmaktır. Yöntemler: QA'nın nöroprotektif etkisini belirlemek için 3-4,5-dimetil-tiyazolil-2,5-difeniltetrazolyum bromür (MTT), antioksidan-oksidan etkilerini belirlemek için Total antioksidan kapasite (TAC)- Total oksidan seviye (TOS) analizleri yapıldı. Bulgular: Aβ, MTT analizinde SH-SY5Y'nin hücre canlılığını belirgin şekilde azalttı. Buna karşılık, QA hücre canlılığını önemli ölçüde artırdı ve QA'nın hücre çoğalmasını indüklediğini gösterdi. Aβ'ye maruz kalma, kontrolle karşılaştırıldığında TOS seviyelerini belirgin şekilde artırdı. Ayrıca, Aβ, SH-SY5Y hücrelerinde TAC aktivitesini azalttı. QA, Aβ'nin indüklediği TOS oluşumunu belirgin şekilde dengeledi. Aynı zamanda, QA, Aβ'ye maruz kalan SH-SY5Y hücrelerinde TAC aktivitesini artırdı. Sonuç: Bulgularımız QA’in Aβ kaynaklı nörotoksisiteyi ve oksidatif stresi önleyerek nöroprotektif etkisini ortaya çıkardı.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Alzheimer hastalığı, Antioksidan, Nöroblastom, Kinik asit
Step by step of a cholecystectomy with open biliary exploration plus duodenotomy for resolution of a gallstone impacted in the ampulla of Vater after failed endoscopic retrograde pancreatography cholangio (ERCP)
Authors: Fonseca Barragán José Vicente , Bautista Arana Mirtha Marisol , Medina Guevara Lucia Mayte , Valdivieso Estupiñán Patricia Jordana , Gudiño justicia Carlos Steewarth , Ruilova Blacio Juan Carlos , Morillo Trujillo Jhonatan Francisco
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Gallstones are common, affecting 6.1% of the world's population. Primary biliary choledocholithiasis is associated with biliary stasis, being more common in older patients and those with recurrent infections. Secondary choledocholithiasis, more common in the West, occurs when gallstones move into the bile duct.Methods: presents the case of a female patient who was admitted to a second level hospital in Esmeraldas, Ecuador, with symptoms of cholestatic syndrome, including abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant and generalized jaundice. An exhaustive review of his clinical record was carried out to analyze in detail his evolution and medical management.Discussion: patients with gallstones may present serious complications such as pancreatitis and cholangitis. Advanced imaging techniques have optimized diagnosis and treatment, with typical symptoms such as pain in the right upper quadrant and alterations in liver tests. Management varies according to the level of risk, using ERCP and intraoperative cholangiography; In complex cases, open exploration may be necessary. Close postoperative follow-up is crucial to identify complications, such as bile leaks and persistent stones.Conclusions: Choledocholithiasis, which affects 10-15% of patients with gallstones, can cause pancreatitis and cholangitis, highlighting the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment. Advances in imaging techniques have made it easier to identify and remove stones. Postoperative follow-up is crucial to detect complications such as bile leaks
Comparative analysis of factors involved in the evolution and duration of hospitalization in patients undergoing laparoscopic versus open cholecystectomy in a second-level hospital in Ecuador
Authors: Fonseca Barragán José Vicente , Bautista Arana Mirtha Marisol , Valdivieso Estupiñán Patricia Jordana , Medina Guevara Lucia Mayte
Published: December 2024

Introduction: cholelithiasis and other diseases of the gallbladder are common pathologies, with high morbidity and mortality due to complications. The increasing prevalence of these conditions has driven the search for effective surgical approaches, especially in terms of optimizing health resources. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has established itself as the preferred option over open surgery, offering potential benefits in postoperative evolution.Methods: This study reviews clinical-surgical data of patients treated by open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy, analyzing the differences in postoperative complications, duration of hospitalization and outcome in patients with comorbidities. Discussion: the results suggest that laparoscopic cholecystectomy has advantages over open surgery, highlighting a lower incidence of complications and a reduced hospital stay. These advantages are especially notable in patients with comorbidities, who benefit from a faster recovery with the laparoscopic approach. Detailed evaluation of comorbidities is crucial as they may influence prognosis and prolong hospital stay. Conclusions: laparoscopic surgery is an effective option for the treatment of gallbladder disease, with significant benefits over open surgery. This study highlights the importance of assessing comorbidities to improve recovery and optimize health resource utilization, and highlights the need for appropriate reference guidelines for general practitioners
The construction of the enemy: from telenovela to Tik Tok, Latin American melodramatic telepolitics
Authors: Brito Alvarado Xavier , Tamayo Rodríguez Paulina , Guamán Guadalima Nelly
Published: December 2024

Wide and diverse criteria have been planned on melodrama, from its overvaluation as a cultural reference, to its marginalization in contemporary academic debates. However, it constitutes one of the most representative discourses in Latin America, on which various types of cultural industries and forms of social coexistence converge. This paper proposes a position that identifies melodrama not only as a cultural scenario, but also as a political one. The objective is to reflect on how these discourses have been narratives appropriated by politicians to seduce the population with promises of social change and how they have shifted from traditional media to social networks. The question that articulates this essay is: In what way has melodrama become the prevailing political discourse in the region, and which have assumed the stories of soap operas as a platform to conquer the votes of the population, and which have been massified thanks to social networks?
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND HUMAN COMPETENCE: ANALYSIS OF TEXT EDITING PROGRAMS IN UZBEK LANGUAGE
Authors: Buranova Barno , Nazarova Munira
Published: December 2024

Editing manuscripts is a responsible and painstaking process that requires long work. For this purpose, today, many editing programs and sites work on the artificial intelligence system to facilitate editing for editors. An automated editing system makes human work more accessible. Can artificial intelligence, which mainly replaces the human factor in the social sphere, affect editors in editorial work? This scientific article analyzes the achievements and shortcomings of tahrirchi.uz and Grammarly.com, which work on artificial intelligence systems and investigates the importance of the product of human thinking in text editing.
ЖУРНАЛИСТИКА И МАСС-МЕДИА НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЭТАПЕ: ИНСТРУМЕНТЫ ПОЛИТИКИ, ИЛИ ТОВАР?
Authors: Кудратходжа Шерзодхон , Муминов Файзулла
Published: December 2024

В настоящем исследовании его авторы выдвигают гипотезу о том, что журналистика и масс-медиа как ее носители всегда будут являться одновременно инструментом политики и товаром, но в качестве основного результата работы формулируют вывод о том, что у проблемы «информация — товар — инструмент политики» нет однозначного решения, позволяющего противопоставлять одно понятие другому: в случае с результатами журналистского труда, которые транслируют масс-медиа как его носители, этот труд может являться как одновременно товаром и  инструментом политики, так и средством равлечения, инструментом пропаганды достижений культуры, спорта и т.д. Этот вывод подтверждают и результаты двух фокус-групп, собранных из представителей профильных вузов и профессиональных масс-медиа Узбекистана.
OVERVIEW OF METHODS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION IN INTERNET PUBLICATIONS WITH LOCAL EXAMPLES
Authors: Vaade Valeriya
Published: December 2024

This article explores the evolving challenges and methods of protecting intellectual property in the context of Internet publications. The Internet's accessibility has revolutionized content distribution, introducing both opportunities and vulnerabilities, particularly in terms of copyright protection. The study examines Western practices such as the use of content policies, labor agreements, technical measures like watermarks, and education initiatives, highlighting their relevance in fostering a culture of copyright respect. Local examples from Uzbekistan are presented to illustrate the adaptation of these practices within a specific legal and cultural framework. The paper also discusses digital tools like «takedown notices», encryption, and disclaimers as effective mechanisms to address IP violations. Practical steps for preventing unauthorized use and promoting awareness about copyright protection are outlined, emphasizing the need for robust legal systems, education, and cultural values in building a sustainable IP protection environment.
WILAYAH KAJIAN FILSAFAT ILMU (INTEGRASI ISLAM DAN SAIN)
Authors: Rifan Zaini  , Sudirman Sudirman
Published: December 2024

Dalam penulisan di artikel ini, tentu penulis dalam penelitian menggunakan studi literatur atau telaah pada kajian referensi dari buku dan tulisan karya ilmiyah yang mempunyai keterkaitan dengan topik yang diangkat yaitu pada Wilayah Kajian Filsafat Ilmu (Integrasi Islam dan sains). Kajian dalam penelitian ini tentu mempunyai tujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana topik yang berkaitan dengan perkembangan saat ini sehingga bisa menghasilkan pengetahuan baru dan memberikan kontribusi terhadap suatu ilmu pengetahuan yang dapat bermanfaat bagi khalayak. Hasil penelitian dari kajian Filsafat Ilmu (Integrasi Islam dan Sains) yaitu; (1) dalam kajian filsafat dan ilmu ditemukan bahwa keduanya mempunyai kesamaan, namun perbedaannya dapat ditemukan dari sudut pandang probolitas, reduksi, dan hepotesis; (2) Dasar-dasar dalam menginterasikan Islam dan Sains adalah harus menggunakan pendekatan epistemologi guna menemukan titik temu tentang paradigma, objek, metode, dan kriterian yang digunakan oleh keduanya dalam memperoleh pengetahuan. (3) berbicara pada masalah hubungan antara dunia Islam setelah kejayaan (1350 M) dan Sains di Barat setelah revolusi ilmiyah (1543-1600 M) adalah upaya dalam menghubungkan dua hal yang dianggap memiliki hubungan diametral dan pradoks. Dengan demikian, adanya perbedaan yang ada di antara keduanya dianggap sebagai integrasi dalam menemukan ilmu pengetahuan yang bersifat dogma dan paradigma.
Dynamics of Neurological Deficit under the Influence of Medical Rehabilitation Using Multimodal Afferent Influence of the Virtual Reality Environment in Post-Stroke Patients
Authors:   Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Minsk, Belarus, Maryenko I.P. , Mozheiko M.P. ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Minsk, Belarus, Usova N.N. ,   Gomel State Medical University, Gomel, Belarus, Borisenko A.V. ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Minsk, Belarus
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION. The use of computer technologies in the medical rehabilitation of patients with cerebral infarction and intracerebral hemorrhage makes it possible to effectively influence the processes of restoration and compensation of impaired functions. Virtual reality technologies affect the recovery process, as well as cognitive functions through active multimodal sensory afferentation of the gaming virtual space. AIM. To assess the dynamics of neurological deficit in post-stroke patients during the medical rehabilitation in and virtual reality environment. MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study involved 37 patients (23 women and 14 men) with MI and ICH with established coordination disorders, average age 48±3.9 years, of which 12 patients were in the early recovery period, 25 patients were in the late recovery period). Moreover, 59 patients with post-stroke pain syndrome, average age 58.5±9.94 years. All patients underwent a course of medical rehabilitation based on multimodal afferent influence. Efficacy was assessed using stabilometry, vestibulometry, the Berg, Beck, Spielberg-Hanin scale, visual analogue scale "VAS", PainDetect questionnaire. RESULT AND DISCUSSION. A significant improvement in statokinesiogram parameters according to stabilometry data established after a course of medical rehabilitation with multimodal afferent influence of the reality environment. A decrease from 42 [31;47] points to 30 [29;40] points (p<0.05) in the level of personal loudness according to the Spielberg-Khanin’s questionnaire was revealed. The intensity of post-stroke pain significantly decreased on the VAS’s scale (p<0.05). CONCLUSION. The results obtained demonstrate the possibilities and prospects of using multimodal afferent stimuli from the virtual reality environment in the rehabilitation of motor and cognitive functions in post-stroke patients.
Determining the Prognosis of Recovery in Patients with Combat Traumatic Spinal Cord lnjury
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Valchuk S.N. , Zabirov S.Sh. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Butko D.Yu. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION. Spinal cord injuries are a common problem, especially at the current time due to the conduct of hostilities. Patients in this group and their attending physicians are in the dark about the prospects for recovery. AIM. To increase the effectiveness of treatment and rehabilitation of patients in any period of spinal cord injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The research work was carried out in St. Petersburg State Medical Institution St. Luke's Clinical Hospital at the Department of Medical Rehabilitation. The study is planned to include 100 male and female patients, the age of patients over 18 years old, the diagnosis: traumatic spinal cord injuries at any level. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Possible methods of functional and instrumental diagnostics for predicting recovery in patients with spinal injury are considered. The article analyzes neurophysiological methods for studying the function of the spinal cord and functional and instrumental methods for evaluating the function of the genitourinary system. CONCLUSION. The experience of using the techniques is compiled, the most common changes in the results of studies in patients with spinal cord injury in the corresponding phase of spinal injury are identified, the possibilities of using the results to build a prognosis for the restoration of neurological deficits and to determine the timing of the stage of spinal shock in patients are analyzed.
Comorbid Neurology: Results of the First International Expert Council
Authors:   National Association of Experts in Comorbid Neurology, Moscow, Russia, Rachin A.P.
Published: December 2024

The National Association of Comorbid Neurology Experts plays a key role in advancing neurological science and practice in comorbid conditions. The Association actively initiates and supports numerous research efforts to identify and study the interrelationships and interactions of various diseases affecting the nervous system. Through their efforts, the Association has become a leading platform for sharing best practices and knowledge in this field. International co-operation is one of the central strategies for the development of the Association. It allows integrating the achievements of world science and adapting them to solve the urgent problems of domestic medicine. Within the framework of the First International Council of Experts, the concept of development of the National Association of Experts in Comorbid Neurology was presented, as well as the expediency of concluding memoranda on international cooperation. International experts consider it advisable to recommend the widespread use of effective and safe drugs, including choline alphoscerate and chondroitin sulphate, by primary care specialists (district therapists, general practitioners) in general practice, starting from the early stages and in the progression of cognitive impairment and/or diseases of the musculoskeletal system.
Cubitalgia in the Practice of Child Neurologist
Authors:   Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko, Voronezh, Russia, Kovalyova N.S.
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION. The article presents information on the mechanisms of occurrence, diagnostics and treatment tactics of cubitalgia in children. Pain syndromes of various localizations are the most common cause of outpatient visits. Timely, safe examination, pain relief, especially in the pediatric age range, is a priority task. AIM. To analyze data on the problem of elbow pain in children and provide rational recommendations for curation. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The pathological process in the elbow joint can be traumatic, systemic, infectious, tumorous in nature with localization in the area of articular cartilage and ligaments, tendons and muscles, bones, peripheral nerves. The use of clear examination algorithms and the exclusion of specific diseases allows us to provide assistance to patients with elbow pain quickly and efficiently. CONCLUSION. Due to the prevalence of elbow joint pain syndromes in outpatient practice, the issues of timely prevention of complications and staged rehabilitation are quite relevant. It is always necessary to exclude elbow trauma as potential sources of discomfort in the elbow area. When collecting anamnesis, special attention should be paid to the child's daily activity in specific social and living conditions, his behavioral phenotype.
Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy: Etiopathogenesis, Clinical and Epidemiological Features, Diagnostic Methods: a Review
Authors:   Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia, Raevskaya A.I. , Zinchenko D.A. ,   Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia, Kovaleva O.D. ,   Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia, Vyshlova I.A. ,   Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION. Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy is one of the most common and serious complications of diabetes mellitus, characterized by damage to components of the autonomic nervous system responsible for regulating the work of the heart and blood vessels. AIM. To conduct a review of literature sources of domestic and foreign authors considering the issues of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features and diagnostics of cardiovascular manifestations in diabetic autonomic neuropathy. MATERIAL AND METHODS. A review of literature sources in Russian and English for the period 2014-2024 was conducted, the RSCI and PubMed databases were used. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The article discusses the main aspects of the etiopathogenesis of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy, including the influence of long-term course of diabetes mellitus and insufficient compensation of blood glucose levels. Clinical and epidemiological features of this condition are described, including a variety of symptoms and their significance for diagnosis. Particular attention is paid to methods of diagnosing cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy, which include assessment of clinical manifestations, laboratory tests and specialized studies. The importance of early detection and initiation of treatment to prevent disease progression and improve the quality of life of patients is emphasized. CONCLUSION. Early detection and treatment cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy play a key role in preventing disease progression and improving patients’ quality of life. Particular attention should be paid to improving patient compliance, including precise adherence to doctor’s orders, diet, and healthy lifestyle.
Quality of Life in Children with Spinal Muscular Atrophy: A Review
Authors:   M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia, Komarova E.A. , Kotov A.S. ,   M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION. Quality of life is a comprehensive characteristic of the standard of living, consisting of objective and subjective living conditions of the population. Specialized questionnaires are used to assess the quality of life in adults and children. In particular, the general PedsQL questionnaire and its specialized modules are used to assess the quality of life of children with various diseases. AIM. To evaluate the use of questionnaires in patients with various diseases, such as cardiovascular pathology, gastrointestinal diseases, neuromuscular diseases, etc. One of the severe neuromuscular diseases is spinal muscular atrophy, characterized by progressive symptoms of flaccid paralysis and muscle atrophy due to degeneration of α-motor neurons of the anterior horns of the spinal cord. This disease most often manifests itself in childhood or infancy and significantly worsens the quality of life of young patients. In the world, PedsQL 3.0 Neuromuscular Module is used to assess the quality of life of children with spinal muscular atrophy, to determine the level of their physical, psychosocial and material well-being. This questionnaire has proven itself to be the most convenient not only for parents, but also for children. CONCLUSION. Different questionnaires are used for different groups of diseases, but all questionnaires have a common denominator in the form of an assessment of physical and psychosocial well-being indicators.
BAILE À FANTASIA
Authors: Dos Santos Candido Grace Kelly , Ferenzini Alves Laura , De Souza Pacheco Tatiele , Paulino da Silva Oliveira Jerusa
Published: December 2024

Este relato tem por objetivo narrar a experiência com um texto literário desenvolvida em uma creche de Juiz de Fora, em que foi possível compartilhar com bebês e crianças pequenas sensações em torno da contação do livro “Bruxa, bruxa, venha a minha festa” de Arden Druce. A escolha decorre da possibilidade de garantir que as crianças possam ter contato com a leitura e com o texto escrito por meio dela, entendendo esse gênero da ordem do narrar como basilar para o estabelecimento de pactos ficcionais. Isso, porque traz ao centro da interação uma personagem que geralmente desperta nas crianças diferentes sensações, desde a curiosidade até um certo medo, por ser uma figura emblemática nas narrativas tradicionais. Na experiência narrada nós trazemos elementos os quais possibilitam entender significados em torno da escolha do texto literário, promovendo, assim, reflexões sobre o que pode a literatura para a formação do leitor desde bebê.
O BRINCAR E AS INTERAÇÕES NO COTIDIANO DO BERÇÁRIO
Authors: Novakowski Lutiane
Published: December 2024

Este texto apresenta uma experiência desenvolvida em uma turma de Berçário II, a qual intencionou valorizar e potencializar a brincadeira e a interação entre as crianças, ao mesmo tempo em que privilegiou as experiências que emergiam no cotidiano. Para tanto, foram adotadas diferentes intervenções na sala de referência e sobre os materiais ofertados para o brincar e para a exploração. Concomitante a isso, foi planejado e proposto diferentes experiências educativas organizadas por sessões, durante o decorrer do ano. Como resultados dessa experiência, percebeu-se que as crianças realizaram novas descobertas, testagens, elaboraram hipóteses, ampliaram seu vocabulário e foram se desenvolvendo demonstrando segurança e confiança durante as variadas experiências de brincadeira e interação. A experiência realizada reafirma que a intencionalidade educativa deve ser pensada, planejada e proposta a partir das necessidades e interesses que emergem do grupo atendido, levando em consideração, sobremaneira, a indissociabilidade entre as ações de cuidar e educar.
A CRIANÇA E A LITERATURA: uma experiência com o livro "Uma lagarta muito comilona"
Authors: Da Silva Rocha Priscila , Veiga Júlio Ferreira Rosângela , Duarte Rios Cardoso Michelle
Published: December 2024

O presente relato trata de uma experiência vivida por uma professora em uma escola municipal de Juiz de Fora (JF), Maria Júlia dos Santos, com uma turma de 1º período B. Essa vivência se materializou como um dos produtos dos diálogos realizados no curso Leitura e Escrita na Educação Infantil (LEEI) – Edição 2023 de JF. A escolha do livro “Uma lagarta muito comilona”, de Eric Carle, ocorreu a partir de um projeto da escola “A criança e a natureza”, bem como um contato prévio com a obra por meio do primeiro seminário do curso LEEI. Com isso, essas interações da docente com a obra e a temática a levaram a perceber uma possibilidade de diálogo entre o texto literário com as outras atividades que ocorriam no ambiente escolar. Assim, a narrativa do livro foi significada em diferentes âmbitos, trazendo para a prática outros profissionais da escola. Este relato discute a importância da formação continuada voltada para a prática de leitura na Educação Infantil, bem como da literatura nesse segmento.
PROJETO NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: aprendendo com nossa amiga, a galinha Maristela
Authors: Do Rêgo e Silva Maria Rosana , Ribeiro Vidal Catiana Aparecida , Bellini Fernandes Aline
Published: December 2024

O trabalho apresenta o relato de uma experiência vivenciada por crianças de uma turma de 2 anos da Creche Carlos Roberto Ananias do município de Juiz de Fora-MG. O projeto emergiu da curiosidade das crianças a respeito de uma galinha que visitava a creche diariamente. Acolhendo o interesse da turma,  várias ações foram propostas visando ampliar as aprendizagens das crianças por meio de diferentes linguagens. Estratégias para envolver a família também foram implementadas.  As ações desenvolvidas no projeto fundamentam-se na perspectiva histórico-cultural, especialmente no pensamento de Vigotski.  A organização do trabalho se deu por meio da metodologia de trabalho por projetos. O resultado aponta a participação ativa das crianças na construção de conhecimentos, visto que as atividades desenvolvidas fizeram sentidos para elas. Concluímos que o trabalho por projetos organizado a partir do interesse das crianças é uma forma de organização curricular potente e desafiadora. Destacamos a importância de a professora que atua nesta etapa educativa desenvolver uma escuta atenta dos pequenos para propor ações significativas e ampliar o repertório cultural das crianças, incluindo a cultura escrita, considerando as interações e brincadeiras como eixos estruturantes da Educação Infantil.
O MENINO QUE COLECIONAVA LUGARES: memórias e pertencimento
Authors: Lenz e Silva Ana Paula , Genevain Dalpra Bolpato Bianca
Published: December 2024

O projeto desenvolvido na E. M. Maria José Villela, com foco no "Direito à Convivência Comunitária" (2023), encontrou na obra literária O Menino que Colecionava Lugares, de Jader Janer, um rico ponto de partida para despertar o interesse dos alunos do 1º período por sua comunidade e pela preservação de memórias. Este projeto foi desenvolvido na escola com a participação da professora e da coordenadora pedagógica, ambas integrantes do projeto de extensão do LEEI. A narrativa sensível de Janer, que aborda a temática da memória e do pertencimento, serviu como fio condutor para reflexões sobre a importância de valorizar os espaços e as relações que os constituem. Por meio de rodas de conversa, atividades de expressão artística e criação de uma caixa coletiva de recordações, as crianças foram convidadas a compartilhar suas próprias experiências e a construir narrativas pessoais, entrelaçando suas vivências com as do protagonista do livro. Os resultados evidenciaram o potencial da literatura infantil como ferramenta pedagógica para o desenvolvimento integral, estimulando a curiosidade, a criatividade e o senso de comunidade. A experiência demonstrou que, ao explorar o "Direito à Convivência Comunitária" de forma lúdica e significativa, a partir da obra de Jader Janer, é possível fortalecer o vínculo das crianças com seu entorno e fomentar a construção de identidades plurais e narrativas pessoais, essenciais para a formação de cidadãos críticos e participativos.