bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O português como língua glocal: aspectos sócio-históricos e linguísticos de sua conformação
Authors: Machado Filho Américo Venâncio Lopes , Oliveira Ione Pereira dos Santos
Published: January 2025

Se se considerar que não existe uma gênese original linguística, senão processos contínuos e, consequentemente, históricos de constituição, todos mesclados pelas contingências socioculturais, econômicas e políticas dos contatos que, porventura, se possam interpor, é lícito dizer que não poderia ter a língua portuguesa permanecido incólume aos efeitos plurais que a sócio-história costuma imprimir em todas as línguas naturais. No advir de sua história, a partir da efetiva implantação da empresa exploratória do “além-mar”, no século XV e, especialmente, desde o século XVI, começou a se delinear a nova feição com que se iria reconhecer, na “história do presente”, a antiga língua registrada por Camões (1572): a de uma língua de cariz transcultural, transnacional e, por assim dizer, “glocal”, como aquela “que a mocidade tem no rosto perpétua”, com a licença da paráfrase ao poeta. Falado em diferentes espaços, em diferentes continentes do globo terrestre, o português, nas várias facetas com que seu “rosto linguístico” e sua “mocidade” passaram, paradoxalmente, a se identificar, conformou-se em veículo multicultural e multiespacial de expressão, tendo sido falado nos diversos cenários de colonização por que transitou, e é, hoje, veículo tanto em âmbito local, quanto global, isto é, intra, trans e internacionalmente, referenciando pluralidades e mediando níveis distintos de representação cultural e identitária, a despeito dos novos formatos que absorveu. Considerando esses pressupostos, é função deste trabalho apresentar uma reflexão sobre alguns aspectos sócio-históricos e linguísticos que contribuíram para que a língua portuguesa pudesse se reconhecer, na contemporaneidade, como o que se tem convencionado chamar de língua glocal, no sentido da noção de glocalização cunhada por Robertson (1995), cujas bases conceituais foram acima referidas. Pretende-se discorrer, especialmente, sobre a trajetória histórica de constituição da variedade do português brasileiro, os contatos linguísticos e culturais, os processos de mudança verificados, relacionando-os com os ocorridos em outros espaços nacionais, em que a língua portuguesa se manteve e se mantém una, conquanto sua imersão na diversidade, remetendo-se, na dimensão do possível, para a muito complexa discussão das ideias de unidade, diversidade e unidade na diversidade. Apoiar-se-á o trabalho, sobretudo, nos pressupostos teóricos da Linguística Histórica, da Sociolinguística e da Dialetologia pluridimensional, procurando estabelecer um diálogo com outros trabalhos interdisciplinares que se baseiam em perspectivas teóricas que operam sobre os processos de pós, descolonialismo e de globalização. Espera-se, com isso, poder contribuir para a reversão de vozes na história linguística e cultural da Ontologia moderna.
Cross‐Sectional Association Between Left Ventricular Geometric Patterns, Cortical Cerebral Microinfarcts, and Cognition
Authors: Huang Jiannan , Robert Caroline , Ling Lieng‐Hsi , Chen Christopher , Hilal Saima
Published: January 2025

Background

Left ventricular (LV) geometric patterns are associated with cognitive impairment and cerebral small vessel disease. As a novel magnetic resonance imaging marker of cerebral small vessel disease and a risk factor for cognitive dysfunction, cortical cerebral microinfarcts (CMIs) have been associated with heart disease through mechanisms including cardioembolism and cerebral hypoperfusion. Further investigation is required to determine whether cortical CMIs could arise from hemodynamic changes related to LV geometry, thus elucidating the connection between LV geometry and cognitive function. This study aims to investigate the cross‐sectional relationship between LV geometric patterns, cortical CMIs, and cognition.

Methods and Results

A total of 261 patients, aged 75.3±6.8 years, were enrolled from a memory clinic study. LV dimensions were obtained using 2‐dimensional echocardiography. LV mass index and relative wall thickness were determined to categorize LV geometric patterns. Cortical CMIs were graded on 3T magnetic resonance imaging. Cognition was assessed using neuropsychological tests and clinical diagnosis. Linear, zero‐inflated Poisson, and logistic regression were employed for continuous, count, and binary outcomes, respectively. Mediation analysis was conducted to examine the mediation effect of cortical CMIs. A significant association was observed between concentric LV hypertrophy and cortical CMI counts (rate ratio, 3.85 [95% CI, 1.85–8.01]), as well as the odds of having dementia (odds ratio, 2.86 [95% CI, 1.07–7.89]), in the fully adjusted model. Cortical CMIs may partly explain the relationship between concentric LV hypertrophy and cognitive function.

Conclusions

Concentric LV hypertrophy was associated with cortical CMIs and dementia. Further verification is warranted to determine the role of cortical CMIs in the association between LV geometry and cognition.
Plasma Human Cartilage Glycoprotein‐39 and Cognitive Impairment After Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Wang Ziyi , Zhang Kaixin , Zhong Chongke , Zhu Zhengbao , Zheng Xiaowei , Yang Pinni , Che Bizhong , Lu Yaling , Zhang Yonghong , Xu Tian
Published: January 2025

Background

Our study aimed at evaluating the association between plasma human cartilage glycoprotein‐39 (YKL‐40) and cognitive impairment at 3 months among patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Methods and Results

Plasma YKL‐40 levels were measured in 604 participants from the China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Cognitive impairment outcomes were assessed at 3 months poststroke using the Mini‐Mental State Examination and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. According to the Mini‐Mental State Examination score, patients in the highest quartile of YKL‐40 had a 2.01‐fold (95% CI, 1.23–3.29;
P
for trend=0.009) risk of poststroke cognitive impairment compared with those in the lowest quartile. Each 1 SD difference of logarithm‐transformed YKL‐40 was associated with a 28% (95% CI, 7–53) increased risk for the outcome. The multiple‐adjusted spline regression model confirmed dose–response relationships between YKL‐40 and poststroke cognitive impairment (
P
for linearity=0.01). Adding YKL‐40 to a model containing conventional risk factors significantly improved the discriminatory power (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve improved by 0.02,
P
=0.03). When cognitive impairment was defined using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment score, similar findings were observed.

Conclusions

Elevated YKL‐40 levels were associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment at 3 months among patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Registration

URL:
clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique Identifier: NCT01840072.
Proteins Involved in Endothelial Function and Inflammation Are Implicated in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Authors: Sun Zihan , Harshfield Eric L. , de Leeuw Frank-Erik , Burgess Stephen , Butterworth Adam S. , Riksen Niels P. , Mallat Ziad , Markus Hugh S.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:

Endothelial dysfunction and inflammation have been implicated in the pathophysiology of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). However, whether they are causal, and if so which components of the pathways represent potential treatment targets, remains uncertain.

METHODS:

Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to test the association between the circulating abundance of 996 proteins involved in endothelial dysfunction and inflammation and SVD. The genetic instruments predicting protein levels were obtained from the Iceland 36K (n=35 892) and the UK Biobank Proteomics (n=34 557) cohorts, both of which were longitudinal studies with follow-up from 2000 to 2023 and 2006 to 2023, respectively. SVD was represented by lacunar stroke (n=6030 cases) and 5 neuroimaging features (white matter hyperintensities [n=55 291], diffusion tensor imaging metrics: mean diffusivity [n=36 460] and fractional anisotropy [n=36 533], extensive white matter perivascular space burden [n=9324 cases], and cerebral microbleeds [n=3556 cases]). Among the proteins supported by causal evidence from the MR, cross-sectional analysis was performed to assess their associations with cognitive performance; survival analysis with Fine-Gray models was applied to examine their associations with incident all-cause dementia and stroke within the UK Biobank Proteomics cohort.

RESULTS:

MR suggested COL2A1 (collagen type II α-1 chain) was associated with lacunar stroke (odds ratio, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.86–0.91];
P
=5×10
−5
). Moreover, 12 proteins related to endothelial function and inflammation were associated with neuroimaging features of SVD. Cross-sectional analyses showed 5 of the 13 proteins (EPHA2 [ephrin type-A receptor 2], METAP1D [methionine aminopeptidase 1D, mitochondrial], FLT4 [vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3], COL2A1, and TIMD4 [T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain–containing protein 4]) were associated with cognitive performance with effects concordant with their MR findings. Survival analyses with the Fine-Gray models indicated that 5 of the 13 proteins (EPHA2, METAP1D, FLT4, APOE [apolipoprotein E], and PDE5A [cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase]) were associated with the risk of all-cause dementia or stroke independent of age and sex, consistent with their MR evidence.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings suggest that endothelial-platelet activation and complement-mediated regulation of inflammation play roles in SVD and identify potential therapeutic targets and pathways.
The Expansion of the Argentine Nuclear Program During the Last Dictatorship, 1976–83
Authors: Rodríguez Milagros
Published: January 2025

This article aims to analyze the nuclear policy of the last Argentine dictatorship between 1976 and 1983. During that period, the Nuclear Program secured both political and financial backing from the government through the 1979 Nuclear Plan. Paradoxically, this process coincided with the fiscal cut and the destruction of local industry promoted by the Ministry of Economy, headed by the liberal economist José A. Martínez de Hoz. In Martínez de Hoz’ view, inflation and government deficit were identified as the main obstacles to economic growth, and both state intervention and industrial promotion policies were seen as the cause of inefficiency. While the Nuclear Program depended almost entirely on public entities, it is worth asking why it did not suffer the same fate as the rest of the public sector.

This study proposes that the 1979 Nuclear Plan largely represented the maturation of the planning initially laid out by CNEA prior to the dictatorship, in 1968. The autonomy granted to this ‘agent’ empowered scientists and specialists to shape the nuclear agenda. In this context, Castro Madero's role as an interlocutor with the government was crucial in ensuring sustained and effective communication between both spheres.
The bidirectional relationship between cilia and PCP signaling pathway core protein Vangl2
Authors: Qin Huanyong , Liang Ting , Zhang Chuanfen , Wu Junlin , Sheng Xin
Published: January 2025

Vangl2, a core component of the PCP signaling pathway, serves as a scaffold protein on the cell membrane, playing a crucial role in organizing protein complexes. Cilia, dynamic structures on the cell surface, carry out a wide range of functions. Research has highlighted a bidirectional regulatory interaction between Vangl2 and cilia, underscoring their interconnected roles in cellular processes. This relationship is demonstrated by the localization of Vangl2 at the base and proximal regions of cilia, where it plays essential roles in ciliary positioning, asymmetric distribution, and ciliogenesis. In contrast, the absence of cilia can disrupt Vangl2-mediated signal transduction processes. This review offers a narrative review of recent research on Vangl2's function in cilia and examines the regulatory effects of cilia on Vangl2-mediated signaling.
Re-Engagement in Physical Activity Slows the Decline in Older Adults’ Well-Being – A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Tam Hon Lon , Choi Kai Chow , Lau Ying , Leung Leona Yuen Ling , Chan Alex Siu Wing , Zhou Lilin , Wong Eliza Mi Ling , Ho Jonathan Ka Ming
Published: January 2025

Physical activity is recommended for older adults; however, the benefits of previous active engagement in physical activity that can be sustained after one becomes inactive remain to be determined. This study investigated the longitudinal associations between physical activity engagement patterns and older adults’ well-being. This population-based cohort study used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study between 2015 and 2020. People aged 60 years and above were included, and they were categorized as active engagers if they reported engaging in at least 10 min of moderate and/or vigorous exercise consecutively per week in each survey year. Older adults’ well-being was evaluated using the healthy aging score, and geographical variations were visualized. The generalized estimating equations model was adopted to examine the differences between various physical activity engagement patterns and older adults’ well-being. Among the 3300 older adults (50.5% men; age 66.9 ± 5.7 years) during the five years of follow-up, engagement in physical activity increased from 31.7% to 59.6%. However, their well-being decreased gradually, especially among those who were inactive engagers (beta = −0.20 to −0.21). Physical activity engagement patterns appeared to slow decline in well-being. Geographical variations were noted, with more favorable healthy aging scores observed in northern China than in southern China. As older adults age, well-being deteriorates, and disengagement of physical activity accelerates the rate of decline. Re-engagement in physical activity can slow the rate of decline in well-being. Early identification of and intervention in inactive engagement in physical activity reduce the detrimental effects on older adult’s well-being. A national health initiative is an effective strategy to create a supportive environment for older adults to continue and engage in physical activity. The participation of healthcare professionals and community parties is important to encourage and engage older adults in physical activity.
Macromarketers as Educators: Commentary on “Introducing Holixec Education”
Authors: Stanton Julie V.
Published: January 2025

The proposed “holixec” education model of Wided Batat is critiqued in this commentary. While it has a strong general aim, and provides considerable basis for continued pedagogical innovation in macromarketing, its arguments miss what is already being done by macromarketing educators. The model's underpinnings also miss elements of what macromarketing represents. As a guide for educators, however, it asks important questions that should not be ignored.
Psychiatric diagnoses of professional musicians: Results of an outpatient service specializing in musicians’ health
Authors: Fernholz Isabel , Hering Christian , Kunte Hagen , Mumm Jennifer , Ströhle Andreas , Schmidt Alexander , Bendau Antonia , Plag Jens
Published: January 2025

Professional musicians are often confronted with multiple profession-related stressors, which may be associated with an increased risk of mental strain, but empirical evidence focusing on clinical samples of musicians is limited. The aim of this study was to examine clinically confirmed mental disorders and personality accentuations in musicians attending a musician-specific outpatient service, to better understand how occupational and person-related stressors may impact their mental health. We performed a cross-sectional secondary data analysis of diagnoses and sociodemographic data of 678 professional musicians (including music students) that were routinely collected in the outpatient clinic. Of the 678 patients, 110 (16.2%) received a tentative psychiatric diagnosis, and 46 presented themselves to the psychiatric outpatient clinic for extensive diagnostics (using ICD-10 and SKID-II). In these 46 musicians, depression (39%) and music performance anxiety (26%) were the most frequent diagnoses, followed by adjustment disorders (13%) and somatoform disorders (11%). Twenty-eight percent of the sample fulfilled the criteria of either a personality disorder or accentuation. The frequency rates emphasize the importance of targeting the mental health of professional musicians with preventive and therapeutic measures. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to validate and extend our findings and develop individual preventive measures.
From structural listening to daydreaming: Listening modes influence the individual experience in live concerts
Authors: Weining Christian , Meier Deborah , Wald-Fuhrmann Melanie , Tröndle Martin
Published: January 2025

Listening modes are often ignored in music perception research, especially when it comes to the supposedly attentive listening situation of a classical concert. The audience members’ various ways of listening, understood as the directedness of activity toward different dimensions of sound, is hypothesized to play a key role in the experience of live music. We assessed listening activity of participants ( N = 786) attending a series of experimental live concerts. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed the following five listening modes: emotional-immersive, structural, sound-causal, diffuse, and single-focused. Furthermore, listening modes significantly predicted affective states (positive activation, negative activation, and valence) after the concert. Results show that, despite music educational paradigms, structural listening increases negative activation, whereas emotional-immersive and sound-causal listening increase valence and lead to relaxation in a classical music performance. The results are in line with former empirical and theoretical taxonomies of listening modes and provide a new contribution to the understanding of the role of listening modes for the perception and aesthetic experience of music in live concerts and beyond.
Unclaimed Inheritances in Renaissance Florence
Authors: Kuehn Thomas
Published: January 2025

In civil law the heir to an estate reaped all assets and debts, such that an estate burdened with liabilities could prove deleterious. Some heirs chose to reject such estates, but in other cases the heir simply did not formally accede to the estate. Estates left in abeyance were a source of strategies and confusion. Florentine sources disclose how many ways property was hidden and exploited if left as nominally unclaimed. Professional attorneys called upon to render their learned opinions about such estates found first-hand how confusing this area of the law could be.
Analysis of clinical indicators and survival prediction in trauma patients
Authors: He Xuwei , Huang Yingxiao , Zeng Danyi
Published: January 2025

Background

Accurate prognostic assessment of critically ill trauma patients in emergency departments is crucial for early intervention and improving survival rates. This study investigates the relationship between blood parameters, disease severity, and patient outcomes.

Objective

To explore the relationship between blood parameters and the severity and prognosis of critically ill trauma patients in an emergency trauma center. The goal is to facilitate early diagnosis, implement measures to improve survival rates, and enhance patient outcomes.

Methods

This retrospective study analyzed the blood parameters of 569 critically ill trauma patients admitted to the trauma center from 2020 to August 2023. The analysis focused on examining the relationship between these parameters and the severity and prognosis of the patients.

Results

Compared to the improved and non-recovered groups, the mortality group had longer times from injury to hospital admission, higher ISS and NEWS scores, lower GCS scores, more acidic blood gas analysis, electrolyte imbalances, and poorer liver and kidney function as well as coagulation indicators.

Conclusion

Low pH, high PaCO2, high lactate, high potassium, high NLR, high D-Dimer, high ISS, and high NEWS are independent risk factors. Conversely, high PLT, albumin, and GCS scores are independent protective factors. These indicators can effectively predict the prognosis of trauma patients.
Blueprint of ethics content in undergraduate education: A workshop-research study
Authors: Chiappinotto Stefania , Galazzi Alessandro , Papastavrou Evridiki , Igoumenidis Michael , Cabe Catherine Mc , Gastmans Chris , Wiisak Johanna , Stolt Minna , Suhonen Riitta , Palese Alvisa
Published: January 2025

Background

Ethics is a fundamental component of nursing education to increase students’ moral competence and moral reasoning abilities. However, the core ethics content that should be included in undergraduate education has not been established to date at the international level.

Aim

To identify the core contents required in formal undergraduate education to ensure morally competent nurses.

Research Design

An international workshop-research study design in 2023 reported here according to the COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research.

Participants and Research Context

Five countries in the context of Promoting a Morally Competent Nurse project participated. In each country, two workshops took place, one with nurse professionals and one with patients’ representatives for a total of 58 individuals (32 and 26, respectively). After being translated into English language, data were categorized deductively. The Dublin Learning Outcomes Descriptors and the blueprint methodology were applied.

Ethical Considerations

The research protocol was ethically approved in every country where the study was performed.

Results

A total of 59 core content elements emerged, with ‘ethics of individualized/tailored/patient-centred care’ ( n = 8) and ‘empathy’ ( n = 6) as the most suggested. Nearly half ( n = 26) of the core content items suggested were reported only once (e.g. ‘priority setting’) while overall several referred to ‘communication skills’ ( n = 17). A diverse richness across countries emerged, with some suggesting a few items, and others providing several. Similarly, professionals and patients in most countries agreed that some contents of individualized care, empathy and responsibility should be taught in nursing education, but several core contents were mentioned by only one group of participants and in one country.

Conclusion

The lack of convergence on core content to be taught suggests that different views are still present. Merging these perspectives may stimulate a reciprocal understanding between professionals and patients, as well as across countries, and support the identification of commonalities and differences to further harmonize undergraduate education in the field.
Competing norms and shifting saliences. How norm beliefs affected behavior among Dutch health care interns during the COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Teekens Thomas , Giardini Francesca , Wittek Rafael
Published: January 2025

A social norm clearly pre- or proscribes which kind of behavior is appropriate in a given situation. However, there are situations in which two competing norms apply, meaning that two opposing types of behavior are potentially legitimate. This study examines such a scenario among health care students during the initial COVID-19 lockdown in the Netherlands in 2020. The students faced two potentially competing norms, choosing between continuing to work in their internships, or to stay at home. Drawing on Goal-Framing Theory, we explore how the salience of norms may vary in four conditions of personal beliefs: sociality, normativity, conjointness, and interdependence. We argue perceived sociality and normativity serve as cues of the appropriate norm in a situation, which can be supported by beliefs about interdependence with others. The salience of disjoint norms, where the beneficiaries of normative behavior differ from those performing the behavior, is theorized to be more brittle than the salience of conjoint norms. Empirically, we surveyed 55 interns about their social norm perceptions, and employed Qualitative Comparative Analysis to uncover patterns in beliefs that lead to normative outcomes. The pathways to work continuation indicate the importance of normative beliefs in strengthening disjoint norms, combined with strong interdependence perceptions. The pathways to staying at home show how conjoint norms require less support, and that perceived normative ambivalence also favors the conjoint norm. Altogether, these results show the importance of assessing the varieties of beliefs underlying norms in situations of competing norms.
Exploring the Needs of Young People Born With Cleft Lip and/or Palate Approaching End of Routine Care, in the UK
Authors: Davies Julie , Davidson Elaine , Harding Sam , Wren Yvonne , Southby Lucy
Published: January 2025

Objective

The aim of this study was to understand the needs of young people, aged 16 to 20 years, born with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) approaching end of routine care, in the United Kingdom (UK).

Design

Nominal group technique was used during 2 online focus groups to identify priorities for cleft care at transition to adult care. Focus group discussions were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Participants

Ten young people born with CL/P, 8 aged 18 to 20 years and 2 aged 16 to 17 years were recruited via the UK-based cleft charity, the Cleft Lip and Palate Association (CLAPA).

Results

Three themes were identified from the analysis: Theme 1—Psychological well-being is not a constant. Theme 2—Asking and listening—the cleft clinic appointment. Theme 3—Approaching end of routine care and re-accessing cleft services.

Conclusions

Findings suggest that young people have ongoing needs in older adolescence. Psychological well-being, taking control of their own treatment and re-accessing the cleft team were highlighted as particular issues. Whilst further research with a larger and more representative sample is needed, these results support the need for continued access to and provision from the cleft team at this age.
Insulin Delivery Pumps for Human Spaceflight: Steps Toward an Accessible Space Future
Authors: Horn Kyle J. , Hoffman Jeffrey A.
Published: January 2025

Commercially available insulin pumps for treatment of diabetes mellitus are currently not qualified to operate in the space environment. This work rigorously tested the fluid delivery performance of a Tandem t:slim X2 insulin pump in both micro- and hypergravity during a parabolic microgravity research flight. The parabolic research flight environment serves as an analogue to the types of transient gravitational loadings experienced during human-led missions, which provides a foundation to expand testing to suborbital and orbital flights in addition to other extreme environmental tests for wilderness dependency. The results of the flight data showed no significant difference between fluid delivery performance at 0, 1, and 2g acceleration regimes, nor at the transitions between gravity environments. Recommendations are made for further experimentation and qualification tests before use in future spaceflight missions.
Performance Evaluation of Small-Scale Irrigation Scheme: A Case Study of Temsa Small Scale Irrigation Scheme of Goma District, Jimma Zone, South West Ethiopia
Authors: Tilahun Etefa , Tadesse Minda , Tadesse Hewan , Asefa Addisu
Published: January 2025

A study was carried out from November to May in the cropping season of 2016E.C to evaluate the performance of Temsa small scale irrigation scheme. Both internal and external indicators were considered for evaluation. The internal indicator efficiencies such as conveyance, application, storage, distribution uniformity, and deep percolation ratio and the external indicators such as agricultural output, water supply, water delivery capacity, physical, and economic and financial indicators were evaluated. The result reveals that, the average conveyance efficiency of the main, secondary, and tertiary canals were 79.6%, 85.6%, and 84.7%, respectively. The scheme has on average application efficiency (Ea), storage efficiency, deep percolation ratio, and distribution uniformity of 40.87%, 78.04%, 59.70%, and 93.33%, respectively. The poor Ea and low conveyance efficiency of the canal affected the overall scheme performance. The result reveals that, the overall efficiency of the scheme was 23.19%. The four basic agricultural output indicators of the scheme such as output per unit irrigated area, output per unit command area, output per unit irrigation diverted, and output per unit water consumed were 4,738.58 US$/ha, 1,176.08 US$/ha, 1.16 US$/m3, and 0.89 US$/m3, respectively. This shows that, the command area was beneficial and was giving a revenue for the farmers at the cropping season. The relative irrigation supply and the water delivery capacity of the canal were 2.37 m3 and 83%, respectively. In the current study, the irrigation ratio and the sustainability of the irrigated area were 0.25 and 0.43, respectively. The irrigation ratio was low due to the designing problem. Availability of water throughout the year and market accessibility near the scheme were the advantage of the scheme that encourage the farmers. However, the input costs were affecting the return obtained from the product. Hence it is better to provide access to credit for the sustainable production and improve the farmers income.
Tourism and services diversification in the global wine industry: Ten stylized facts
Authors: Depetris Chauvin Nicolás
Published: January 2025

This study investigates servitization in the global wine industry, focusing on nearly 5300 wineries across 23 countries. Servitization, the integration of services with core wine offerings, remains underdeveloped, with 40.2% of wineries reporting no service revenue and 32.3% earning less than 10% from services. The paper identifies ten stylized facts that characterize the current landscape of servitization, revealing varying levels of service adoption across different regions and winery types. These facts provide a foundation for understanding how service integration is emerging within the industry. The findings underscore the need for further research to explore the drivers and impacts of servitization, as well as regional variations and their implications for winery performance. This study paves the way for future investigations into how servitization could influence the global wine market.
Health-related quality of life and associated factors in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Nepal: Baseline findings from a cluster-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Karki Ashmita , Vandelanotte Corneel , Alley Stephanie , Rawal Lal B
Published: January 2025

This study aims to assess the status of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and its associated factors in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Nepal. HRQOL of 481 participants with T2DM in Kavrepalanchok and Nuwakot was measured using European Quality of life Visual Analogue Scale (EQVAS) and European Quality of life 5 dimensions (EQ5D) index from the EQ5D-3L tool. Associated correlates of T2DM were examined using linear regression analyses. The study participants generally reported higher HRQOL. Being 60 years or older was associated with a significantly lower EQVAS whereas, urban residence, higher education, testing glycated haemoglobin regularly were significantly associated with a higher EQVAS. Not having depressive symptoms was significantly associated with higher EQVAS and EQ5D-3L index. Encouraging screening of depressive symptoms, improving awareness on the importance of regular blood glucose monitoring and T2DM self-management education should be incorporated within primary diabetes care to improve HRQOL in Nepal.
Narrow prototypes of Asian subgroups in the United States: Implications for the Stop Asian Hate movement
Authors: Pejic Samantha R. , Deska Jason C.
Published: January 2025

The Stop Asian Hate movement is a collective for several anti-Asian-violence rallies and organizations in the United States (US). Research indicates that when asked to think about who is Asian, Americans’ prototype primarily comprises East Asian individuals (e.g., people from China, Japan, Korea) at the exclusion of people from other regions of Asia (e.g., South Asia). The current work extends this prototypicality research to examine implications for social justice movements. We focused on the Stop Asian Hate movement, which was designed to raise awareness and protest racial discrimination directed towards Asian Americans, particularly in light of COVID-19. Three studies tested whether people’s prototypes regarding who is Asian influenced who they believe is represented by the Stop Asian Hate movement, as well as potential implications of this bias. Compared to South Asians, people judged East Asians as more represented by the Stop Asian Hate movement (Study 1). When described as being the victim of a hate crime, participants perceived East Asian targets to be more credible, more traumatized, and their reporting of the crime on the SAAPI website was deemed more appropriate, compared to South Asian targets (Studies 2–3), effects that were mediated by judgments of prototypicality (Study 3).
Black Deaf feminist methodology: The methodological complexities of conducting research with Black Deaf women using intersectionality and critical race grounded theories
Authors: Chapple Reshawna L , Brevil Ashley N
Published: January 2025

In this qualitative study, the authors explored the lived experiences of 25 Black Deaf women attending college at a predominately White institution (PWI) with a majority-hearing student population to understand how the participants situate their intersectional identity in everyday situations. Data was collected using participant observation on campus, focus groups, and individual interviews. An intersectional framework and a critical race-grounded theory analysis were used to organize the themes. The authors present the participants’ lived experiences by discussing these themes and their implications for education, counseling, and social work with Black Deaf women and other multiply marginalized groups within the current sociocultural context.
The art of persuasion: Theorizing as argumentation
Authors: Bhardwaj Akhil
Published: January 2025

In a marketplace of ideas where theories can act as substitutes, theorists seek to persuade peers to engage with their theories. Given this critical role of persuasion, how do theorists do so? To address this question, the current study adopts a pragmatist perspective and employs the Toulmin model of arguments to examine how Oliver Williamson persuaded his peers to engage with transaction cost economics. The study unpacks how Williamson structured his arguments, introduced new constructs and language, and employed analogies and metaphors to foster a consensus, giving rise to an epistemic community. The study highlights that not only do values influence how arguments are crafted and evaluated, but also appealing to them plays a key role in persuasion. In doing so, the study considers both the rational and non-rational aspects of theorizing and persuasion. Finally, the study discusses the significance of argumentation in the context of AI and theorizing in strategic management.
Synergistic Effect of HAD-B1 and Osimertinib Against Gefitinib Resistant HCC827 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Ko Eun-Ju , Kwag Eun-Bin , Park Ji-Hye , Cho Sung-Hyuk , Park So-Jung , Jung Mi-Kyung , Kang In-Cheol , Yoo Hwa-Seung
Published: January 2025

In this study, we investigated the synergistic effect of co-administration of osimertinib and HAD-B1 using gefitinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells, HCC827-GR. HAD-B1 is composed of 4 natural drugs, Panax Notoginseng Radix, Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, Cordyceps militaris, and Boswellia carterii Birdwood, and has been reported to have therapeutic effects on patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer in several studies. Resistance to gefitinib in HCC827 cells was acquired through MET activity. Co-treatment with osimertinib and HAD-B1 reduced the cell viability of HCC827-GR cells. In addition, phosphorylation of MET and ERK were effectively suppressed for HCC827-GR cells. And, compared to when osimertinib and HAD-B1 were administered alone, cell proliferation was significantly inhibited and apoptosis was effectively induced when osimertinib and HAD-B1 were co-administered to HCC827-GR cells. We found that the synergistic effect of osimertinib and HAD-B1 combination therapy resulted in cancer cell death and cell cycle arrest by targeting the ERK and mTOR signaling pathways. In conclusion, this study confirmed that the combination of osimertinib, a third-generation anticancer drug, and HAD-B1, a natural anticancer drug, had a potentially synergistic effect on non-small cell lung cancer resistant to EGFR-targeted anticancer drugs.
Reframing shame: Confrontational support discourse in online forums
Authors: Gaulan Yael , Marmorstein Michal , Kampf Zohar
Published: January 2025

This study examines the discourse surrounding shame in Israeli-Hebrew online peer-advice forums. Employing a discursive psychology approach, we analyze how shame is mobilized in advice requests and addressed by commentators in these sites characterized by increased emotional exposure and disinhibited communication. Drawing on a corpus of posts from a leading Israeli advice forum containing explicit expressions of shame, our findings reveal distinct peer support patterns that often challenge the poster’s emotional experience and perspective, frequently using blunt, face-threatening language. This approach aligns with ‘dugri empathy’, a care discourse style rooted in the direct, action-oriented Israeli communication ethos. Peer responses typically aim to reframe shame-inducing situations, normalize experiences, or dismiss the relevance of shame, reflecting cultural norms of directness in emotional support. In contrast, responses from trained NGO volunteers adhere to Western therapeutic practices, emphasizing validation and exploration of emotions. This disparity highlights a tension between cultural support norms and professional approaches to mental health in online spaces. Our study contributes to understanding how cultural communication styles shape emotional discourse and support strategies in anonymous online communities, offering insights into the complex interplay between emotion, cultural norms, and digital communication.
Opicapone for Parkinson's disease-related sleep disturbances: The OASIS clinical trial
Authors: Ferreira Joaquim J , Gago Miguel F , Costa Raquel , Fonseca Miguel M , Almeida Joana , Rocha José Francisco , Holenz Joerg , Trenkwalder Claudia
Published: January 2025

Background

While sleep disturbances are among the most frequent non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), there is a lack of evidence to support its treatment.

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy of opicapone 50 mg in treating sleep disturbances in patients with PD and end-of-dose motor fluctuations.

Methods

OASIS was an exploratory, open-label, single-arm clinical trial in PD patients with end-of-dose motor fluctuations and associated sleep disturbances. The primary endpoint was change from baseline to week 6 in Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale 2 (PDSS-2). Secondary endpoints included functional motor and non-motor assessments (Movement Disorder Society [MDS]-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale [UPDRS], MDS-Non-motor Scale [NMS], 8-item PD Questionnaire [PDQ-8], 16-item PD Fatigue Scale [PFS-16], ON/OFF home diary), Clinical and Patient Global Impression of Change (CGI-C; PGI-C) and adverse events.

Results

At week 6, there was a significant reduction of −7.9 points (95%CI −13.6, −2.2; p = 0.0099) in PDSS-2 total score, with a significant mean change of −4.7 in the PDSS-2 domain of disturbed sleep (95%CI: −7.2, −2.3; p = 0.0009). Significant reductions were also observed in PFS-16 (−9.6; p = 0.0211), MDS-NMS total score (−28.9; p = 0.0015), MDS-UPDRS-III (−6.3; p = 0.0253), MDS-UPDRS-IV (−1.2; p = 0.0044) and PDQ-8 (−14.2; p = 0.0051). Absolute OFF-time was reduced (−142.1 min). Most patients (93.3%) and most clinicians (80.0%) reported improvements on PGI-C and CGI-C, respectively. Opicapone was well tolerated.

Conclusions

Adding opicapone 50 mg to levodopa/DDCI therapy in patients with PD and motor fluctuations and sleep disturbances improved both sleep disturbances and OFF time in these patients.
Association of Preoperative Walking Speed With 1-Year Outcomes After Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome
Authors: Jan Kyleen , Alvero Alexander B. , Vogel Michael J. , Wright-Chisem Joshua , Zhu David , Nho Shane J.
Published: January 2025

Background:

Previous studies have identified demographic, radiographic, and intraoperative predictors of outcomes after hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome, yet few studies have identified whether preoperative gait metrics can predict outcomes.

Hypothesis:

Increased preoperative step count, walking speed, step length, and gait symmetry will be associated with better outcomes after surgery.

Study Design:

Retrospective cohort study.

Level of Evidence:

Level 4.

Methods:

Patients who underwent hip arthroscopy between 2019 and 2022 and downloaded the smartphone app rHip, allowing for retroactive access of gait metric data, were identified. Preoperative gait metrics, age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and exercise participation were analyzed via multivariate stepwise linear regression for a relationship with 1-year postoperative patient-reported outcomes (PROs), including Hip Outcome Scale-Activities of Daily Living (HOS-ADL); HOS-Sports Subscale (HOS-SS), and 12-item international Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12). Thresholds for preoperative gait metrics were analyzed via receiver operator characteristic curve. A subgroup analysis was performed to compare those who did and did not reach this threshold.

Results:

A total of 43 patients (86% female; age, 33.1 ± 13.7 years; BMI, 23.9 ± 4.4 kg/m2) met inclusion criteria. Multivariate regression found that preoperative walking speed was significantly associated with postoperative HOS-ADL, HOS-SS, and iHOT-12 ( P ≤ .01). A preoperative walking speed threshold of 1.065 m/s was predictive of outcome achievement. Those who failed to achieve this threshold were significantly older, of greater BMI, and less active ( P ≤ .04). They also showed significantly worse 1-year postoperative scores ( P ≤ .02) and lower PASS achievement for HOS-ADL, HOS-SS, and iHOT-12 ( P ≤ .04).

Conclusion:

Preoperative walking speed is significantly associated with 1-year outcomes after hip arthroscopy. Patients who averaged <1.065 m/s show significantly worse outcomes after surgery.

Clinical Relevance:

Assessment of preoperative walking speed may allow physicians to better counsel patients regarding expected outcomes after hip arthroscopy.
Advanced 3D bioprinted liver models with human-induced hepatocytes for personalized toxicity screening
Authors: Ma Yue , He Runbang , Deng Bo , Luo Miaomiao , Zhang Wenjie , Mao Lina , Hu Wenxiang , Mao Yilei , Yang Huayu , Huang Pengyu
Published: January 2025

The development of advanced in vitro models for assessing liver toxicity and drug responses is crucial for personalized medicine and preclinical drug development. 3D bioprinting technology provides opportunities to create human liver models that are suitable for conducting high-throughput screening for liver toxicity. In this study, we fabricated a humanized liver model using human-induced hepatocytes (hiHeps) derived from human fibroblasts via a rapid and efficient reprogramming process. These hiHeps were then employed in 3D bioprinted liver models with bioink materials that closely mimic the natural extracellular matrix. The constructed humanized 3D bioprinted livers (h3DPLs) exhibited mature hepatocyte functions, including albumin expression, glycogen storage, and uptake/release of indocyanine green and acetylated low-density lipoprotein. Notably, h3DPLs demonstrated increased sensitivity to hepatotoxic agents such as acetaminophen (APAP), making them a promising platform for studying drug-induced liver injury. Furthermore, our model accurately reflected the impact of rifampin, a cytochrome P450 inducer, on CYP2E1 levels and APAP hepatotoxicity. These results highlight the potential of hiHep-based h3DPLs as a cost-effective and high-performance alternative for personalized liver toxicity screening and preclinical drug testing, paving the way for improved drug development strategies and personalized therapeutic interventions.
Do you have depression? A summative content analysis of mental health-related content on TikTok
Authors: Turuba Roxanne , Zenone Marco , Srivastava Raman , Stea Jonathan , Quintana Yuri , Ow Nikki , Marchand Kirsten , Kwan Amanda , Ong Anna-Joy , Ding Xiaoxu , Warren Cassia , Marcon Alessandro R , Henderson Jo , Mathias Steve , Barbic Skye
Published: January 2025

Background

TikTok is a global social media platform with over 1 billion active users. Presently, there are few data on how TikTok users navigate the platform for mental health purposes and the content they view.

Objective

This study aims to understand the patterns of mental health-related content on TikTok and assesses the accuracy and quality of the advice and information provided.

Methods

We performed a summative content analysis on the top 1000 TikTok videos with the hashtag #mentalhealth between October 12 and 16, 2021. Six content themes were developed to code the data: (1) a personal story, perspective, or confessional, (2) advice and information, (3) emoting, (4) references to death, (5) references to science or research, and (6) a product or service for sale. Advice and information were further assessed by clinical experts.

Results

A total of 970 mental health-related videos were pulled for our analysis ( n = 30 removed due to non-English content). The most prevalent content themes included a personal story, perspective, or confessional ( n = 574), advice and information ( n = 319), emoting ( n = 198), references to death ( n = 128). Advice and information were considered misleading in 33.0% of videos ( n = 106), with misleading content performing better. Few videos included references to scientific evidence or research ( n = 37).

Conclusion

Healthcare practitioners and researchers may consider increasing their presence on the platform to promote the dissemination of evidence-based information to a wider and more youth-targeted population. Interventions to reduce the amount of misinformation on the platform and increase people's ability to discern between anecdotal and evidence-based information are also warranted.