bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypoglycemia-Sensing Neurons of the Ventromedial Hypothalamus Require AMPK-Induced Txn2 Expression but Are Dispensable for Physiological Counterregulation
Authors: Quenneville Simon , Labouèbe Gwenaël , Basco Davide , Metref Salima , Viollet Benoit , Foretz Marc , Thorens Bernard
Published: August 2020

The ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMN) is involved in the counterregulatory response to hypoglycemia. VMN neurons activated by hypoglycemia (glucose-inhibited [GI] neurons) have been assumed to play a critical although untested role in this response. Here, we show that expression of a dominant negative form of AMPK or inactivation of AMPK α1 and α2 subunit genes in Sf1 neurons of the VMN selectively suppressed GI neuron activity. We found that Txn2, encoding a mitochondrial redox enzyme, was strongly downregulated in the absence of AMPK activity and that reexpression of Txn2 in Sf1 neurons restored GI neuron activity. In cell lines, Txn2 was required to limit glucopenia-induced reactive oxygen species production. In physiological studies, absence of GI neuron activity after AMPK suppression in the VMN had no impact on the counterregulatory hormone response to hypoglycemia or on feeding. Thus, AMPK is required for GI neuron activity by controlling the expression of the antioxidant enzyme Txn2. However, the glucose-sensing capacity of VMN GI neurons is not required for the normal counterregulatory response to hypoglycemia. Instead, it may represent a fail-safe system in case of impaired hypoglycemia sensing by peripherally located glucose detection systems that are connected to the VMN.
YAP Activation in Renal Proximal Tubule Cells Drives Diabetic Renal Interstitial Fibrogenesis
Authors: Chen Jianchun , Wang Xiaoyong , He Qian , Bulus Nada , Fogo Agnes B. , Zhang Ming-Zhi , Harris Raymond C.
Published: August 2020

An increasing number of studies suggest that the renal proximal tubule is a site of injury in diabetic nephropathy (DN), and progressive renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis is an important mediator of progressive kidney dysfunction in DN. In this study, we observed increased expression and activation of YAP (yes-associated protein) in renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (RPTC) in patients with diabetes and in mouse kidneys. Inducible deletion of Yap specifically in RPTC or administration of the YAP inhibitor verteporfin significantly attenuated diabetic tubulointerstitial fibrosis. EGFR-dependent activation of RhoA/Rock and PI3K-Akt signals and their reciprocal interaction were upstream of proximal tubule YAP activation in diabetic kidneys. Production and release of CTGF in culture medium were significantly augmented in human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells transfected with a constitutively active YAP mutant, and the conditioned medium collected from these cells activated and transduced fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. This study demonstrates that proximal tubule YAP-dependent paracrine mechanisms play an important role in diabetic interstitial fibrogenesis; therefore, targeting Hippo signaling may be a therapeutic strategy to prevent the development and progression of diabetic interstitial fibrogenesis.
Non-invasive monitoring of glycemia-induced regulation of GLP-1R expression in murine and human islets of langerhans
Authors: Admin Ada , Buitinga Mijke , M.Cohrs Christian , A.Eter Wael , Claessens-Joosten Lieke , Frielink Cathelijne , Bos Desirée , Sandker Gerwin , Brom Maarten , Speier Stephan , Gotthardt Martin
Published: August 2020

GLP-1R
imaging with radiolabelled exendin has proven to be a powerful tool to quantify
beta-cell mass (BCM) in vivo. As
GLP-1R expression is thought to be influenced by glycemic control, we examined the effect of blood glucose levels on GLP-1R-mediated exendin
uptake in both murine and human islets and its implications for BCM
quantification. Periods of hyperglycemia
significantly reduced exendin uptake in murine and human islets, which was
paralleled by a reduction in GLP-1R expression. Detailed mapping of the tracer
uptake and insulin and GLP-1R expression conclusively demonstrated that the
observed reduction in tracer uptake directly correlates to GLP-1R expression
levels. Importantly, the linear correlation between tracer uptake and beta-cell
area was maintained in spite of the reduced GLP-1R expression levels.
Subsequent normalization of blood glucose levels restored absolute tracer
uptake and GLP-1R expression in beta-cells and the observed loss in islet
volume was halted.

This manuscript
emphasizes the potency of nuclear imaging techniques to monitor receptor
regulation non-invasively. Our findings have significant
implications for clinical practice, indicating that blood glucose levels should be near-normalized for at least three weeks
prior to GLP-1R agonist treatment or quantitative
radiolabeled exendin imaging for BCM analysis.
Persistent IL-2R signaling by IL-2/CD25 fusion protein controls diabetes in NOD mice by multiple mechanisms
Authors: Admin Ada , Ward Natasha C. , Lui Jen Bon , Hernandez Rosmely , Yu Liping , Struthers Mary , Xie Jenny , Savio Alicia Santos , Dwyer Connor J. , Hsiung Sunnie , Yu Aixin , Malek Thomas R.
Published: August 2020

Low-dose
IL-2 represents a new therapeutic approach to regulate immune homeostasis to
promote immune tolerance in patients with autoimmune diseases, including type 1
diabetes. We have developed a new IL-2-based biologic, an IL-2/CD25 fusion
protein, with greatly improved pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics when
compared to recombinant IL-2 to enhance this type of immunotherapy. Here we
show that low-dose mouse IL-2/CD25 (mIL-2/CD25), but not an equivalent amount
of IL-2, prevents the onset of diabetes in NOD mice and controls diabetes in
hyperglycemic mice. mIL-2/CD25 acts not only to expand regulatory T cells (Tregs)
but also by increasing their activation and migration into lymphoid tissues and
the pancreas. Lower incidence of diabetes is associated with increased serum
levels of IL-10, a cytokine readily produced by activated Tregs. These effects likely
act in concert to lower islet inflammation while increasing Tregs in the
remaining inflamed islets. mIL-2/CD25 treatment is also associated with lower
anti-insulin autoantibody levels in part by inhibition of T follicular helper
cells. Thus, long-acting mIL-2/CD25
represents an improved IL-2 analog that persistently elevates Tregs to maintain a
favorable Treg:Teff cell ratio that limits diabetes by expansion of activated
Tregs that readily migrate into lymphoid tissues and the pancreas while
inhibiting autoantibodies.
Essential Requirements for Establishing and Operating Data Trusts
Authors: Paprica P Alison , Sutherland Eric , Smith Andrea , Brudno Michael , Cartagena Rosario G. , Crichlow Monique , Courtney Brian , Loken Chris , McGrail Kimberlyn M. , Ryan Alex , Schull Michael J. , Thorogood Adrian , Virtanen Carl , Yang Kathleen
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Increasingly, the label “data trust” is being applied to repeatable mechanisms or approaches to sharing data in a timely, fair, safe and equitable way. However, there is a gap in terms of practical guidance about how to establish and operate a data trust.

 

Aim and Approach: In December 2019, the Canadian Institute for Health Information and the Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence convened a working meeting of 19 people representing 15 Canadian organizations/initiatives involved in data sharing, most of which focus on public sector health data. The objective was to identify essential requirements for the establishment and operation of data trusts. Preliminary findings were presented during the meeting then refined as participants and co-authors identified relevant literature and contributed to this manuscript.

 

Results: Twelve (12) minimum specification requirements (“min specs”) for data trusts were identified. The foundational min spec is that data trusts must meet all legal requirements, including legal authority to collect, hold or share data. In addition, there was agreement that data trusts must have (i) an accountable governing body which ensures the data trust advances its stated purpose and is transparent, (ii) comprehensive data management including responsible parties and clear processes for the collection, storage, access, disclosure and use of data, (iii) training and accountability requirements for all data users and (iv) ongoing public and stakeholder engagement.

Conclusion / Implications: Based on a review of the literature and advice from participants from 15 Canadian organizations/initiatives, practical guidance in the form of twelve min specs for data trusts were agreed on. Public engagement and continued exchange of insights and experience is recommended on this evolving topic.
The effectiveness of nutrition education for care takers at Al-Sabah children hospital in patient therapeutic feeding center, Juba South Sudan.
Authors: Alumai John Bosco
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundA key part of treating and preventing malnutrition is the provision of effective nutrition education to the clients and caretakers so that they can self-manage their nutrition needs even after discharge from the hospital. For effective nutrition education, three factors are paramount; The successful transfer of knowledge and skills, client motivation to act on the acquired skills and knowledge and ensuring that the patient is able to understand and put to practice the educational messages given.MethodsThe study used cross sectional design with mixed method of data collection that involved 83 caretakers of admitted SAM children at Al-Sabah children hospital ITC, Sample size was determined using Cochran 1975, interviewer administered questionnaires and focus group discussion guide were the tools used in collecting data.Data set was generated using EPI info and analyzed using SPSS version 21, the analyzed descriptive data was triangulated with the qualitative data collected using FGD.Results The majority of the caretakers were female 78 (94%) of which 68 (81.9%) were mothers to the children that were admitted. Only 8 (9.6%) of the respondents were found to have attained effective nutrition education and majority of the respondents were found not to be recalling the information they were given during the education session.ConclusionAs per the guidelines adapted by the ministry of health republic of South Sudan, the nutrition education sessions conducted was found not be effective as most of the clients could not even recall the information given.
Conversation: The Urges of Regional Language Dominance in India
Authors: Suman Alok Kumar
Published: August 2020

This paper focuses on regional language dominance. India is a land of diverse languages. Its user follows the pattern of two or three language uses for their communication, i.e. one is 'national language', the second is ‘mother tongue’, and the next is a ‘foreign language’. It is that no languages in India accepted as a national language like other countries as it has. We Indians are urging anyone language recognised as a national language. But the problem is to choose a lucky language. The answers are ‘many’. Hindi may be renowned as our national language.
English Teacher Performance in Teaching at SMAN 3 Palopo
Authors: Utami Nina , Madehang
Published: August 2020

This thesis focused on the research questions is how the English Teacher performance in teaching, include: how the planning of the teacher before teaching, how the strategies of the teacher in teaching, and constraints that affect teacher performance in teaching at SMAN 3 Palopo. The data were collected through observation, interviews, and documents, and were analyzed using qualitative descriptive techniques. The object of the research was the teacher of SMAN 3 Palopo, who has been certified. The research analyzed the data that has been found by observation, and the result was explained in the discussion. The results showed that the performance of English teachers in teaching at SMAN 3 Palopo was quite good. Saw from his readiness before teaching, the selection of strategies and methods that were suitable, as well as how to deal with all the obstacles that exist.
Pemetaan Riset Reformasi Birokrasi di Indonesia
Authors: Habibi Fikri
Published: August 2020

The purpose is to map the research on the bureaucratic topics in Indonesia and get a development description of its changes from the bureaucratics reform and achievements of its changes in Indonesia. The study obtained from 105 articles published on journal accredited Sinta 1 and 2 from 2010 to 2020. Based on the amount, it showed that from 2010 to 2014 was relatively stable, from 2015 to 2019 were fluctuated with an increase in 2016 followed by continued decline. Research on bureaucratic reform has covered the institutions/organizations, governance, apparatus and public services including achievement of eight change areas. . However, there is still less research that discusses about political-bureaucratic relations, cultural and efforts to change mind set and culture set of apparatus. There are 17 researches about central government bureaucracy, 44 researches relate to regional bureaucracy, 43 researches of government organizations, and 1 research about village bureaucracy. This study showed that the agenda of bureaucratic reform has not yet reached the expected significant effectiveness. Future bureaucratic reform can discuss the topics that lack or earn non-optimal results and received less attention from previous research. In short, it needs synchronization between the research of bureaucratic reform with the Grand Design of Bureaucratic Reform 2010 to 2025

Keywords: Research Mapping, Bureaucratic Reform, Indonesia

Abstrak

Tujuan dari studi ini melakukan pemetaan terhadap riset reformasi birokrasi di Indonesia untuk mendapatkan gambaran perkembangannya, baik dari aspek-aspek reformasi birokrasi maupun capaian perubahannya. Studi dilakukan pada artikel-artikel yang dipublikasi pada jurnal yang terdata pada Sinta 1 dan 2 dari tahun 2010-2020 dan diperoleh 105 artikel. Dari jumlah penelitian, periode 2010-2014 relatif stabil, sementara tahun 2015-2019 terjadi fluktuasi dengan peningkatan jumlah riset tahun 2016 dan selanjutnya terjadi penurunan. Topik riset reformasi birokrasi sudah mencakup semua aspek, yaitu kelembagaan/organisasi, tata laksana, aparatur dan pelayanan publik termasuk capaian delapan area perubahan. Akan tetapi, sedikit sekali riset yang membahas tentang hubungan politik–birokrasi, aspek budaya dan upaya mengubah mind set dan culture set aparatur. Terdapat 17 riset tentang birokrasi pemerintah Pusat, 44 riset birokrasi daerah, 43 riset organisasi pemerintahan secara umum, dan 1 riset birokrasi desa. Studi ini menunjukan bahwa agenda reformasi birokrasi belum mencapai efektivitas yang signifikan. Riset reformasi birokrasi ke depan dapat diarahkan pada topik-topik yang kurang atau belum menunjukkan hasil yang optimal dan yang sedikit mendapatkan perhatian pada riset sebelumnya. Perlu ada sinkronisasi antara riset reformasi birokrasi dengan Grand Design Reformasi Birokrasi 2010-2025.

Kata Kunci: Pemetaan Riset, Reformasi Birokrasi, Indonesia
EVALUASI SETTLEMENT MENGGUNAKAN SURCHARGE PRELOADING DENGAN PVD PADA PROYEK DI BANDUNG SELATAN
Authors: Yapriadi Michael Christopher , Sumarli Inda , Iskandar Ali
Published: August 2020

The development in Indonesia continues to grow. Hence, the feasible land for construction is drastically decreased. However, some projects must be constructed on that kind of land. One solution to solve this problem is by using a soil improvement. A project in Bandung Selatan chose to apply Surcharge Preloading with PVD soil improvement method. This project used a combination of 9,2 metres surcharge preload and a 28 metres depth PVD, with triangular formation and 1,2 metres spacing. The soil improvement was finished after 548 days. This analysis aims to evaluate the settlement from the soil improvement result, which is 1,297 metres. This analysis uses a finite difference method program. The excess pore water pressure from the analysis result is 0,229 T/m2 on the 548th day. Therefore, these soil layers have possibilities to settle again in future. The 90% degree of consolidation settlement for this soil layers is 2,31 metres, which will be reached on the 813,4th days. It is suspected that there are some mistakes either during the soil improvement designing or the soil improvement process. Pembangunan di Indonesia terus berkembang. Akibatnya jumlah tanah yang baik untuk proyek konstruksi semakin menipis. Kendati demikian, ada kalanya suatu proyek harus dilaksanakan di lokasi tersebut. Salah satu solusi yang dapat ditempuh adalah dengan melakukan perbaikan tanah. Sebuah proyek di Bandung Selatan melakukan perbaikan tanah dengan metode Surcharge Preloading dengan PVD. Proyek ini menggunakan kombinasi antara timbunan setinggi 9,2 meter dan PVD sedalam 28 meter, dengan formasi segitiga yang dipasang dengan jarak antar PVD 1,2 meter. Perbaikan tanah dilakukan selama 548 hari. Analisis ini bertujuan melakukan evaluasi terhadap kurang maksimalnya penurunan di lapangan yang hanya mencapai 1,297 meter. Analisis dilakukan dengan bantuan program beda hingga. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, besarnya excess pore water pressure pada hari ke-548 adalah 0,229 T/m,2, sehingga lapisan tanah tersebut masih memiliki potensi untuk mengalami penurunan. Adapun penurunan konsolidasi 90% yang dapat terjadi sebesar 2,31 meter pada hari ke-813,4. Diduga terdapat kesalahan baik dalam perhitungan perencanaan awal ataupun saat pelaksanaan di lapangan.
KARAKTERISITIK MEKANIS CAMPURAN LASTON ATAS DENGAN PENAMBAHAN SERAT KARBON
Authors: Tanton Ewaldo , Tajudin Anissa Noor
Published: August 2020

The increasing number of vehicles but not followed by increasing the quality of pavement will cause many roads to be damaged. One of the efforts to improve the quality of road pavement is by adding various additional ingredients. For this research the method of mixing asphalt with carbon fiber uses the Dry-Mix method, where carbon fiber is directly mixed when cooking asphalt. By using a variation of 0,1%; 0,2%; 0,3% and 0,4% carbon fiber, and with asphalt content of 5,7%. After obtaining asphalt mixture data, the research continued to determine the optimum carbon fiber content using the narrow range method. Then proceed to change the stability of Marshall into modulus then included in the KENPAVE program. Then the test results can be seen in the Nd and Nf values and the Nr value requirement of <2, which values are based on General Specifications of the Directorate General of Highways 2017 Edition. The results of this study have met all the requirements that have been set and based on the value of Nd and Nf it can be concluded that the use of carbon fiber asphalt mixture additives can be used in an effort to reduce the cost of asphalt treatment.ABSTRAKPeningkatan jumlah kendaraan namun tidak diikuti dengan peningkatan kualitas perkerasan jalan akan menyebabkan banyak jalan yang mengalami kerusakan. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas perkerasan jalan adalah dengan menambahkan bahan tambah yang bervariasi. Untuk penelitian ini cara pencampuran aspal dengan serat karbon menggunakan metode Dry-Mix, dimana serat karbon secara langsung dicampurkan pada saat memasak aspal. Dengan menggunakan variasi kadar serat karbon 0,1%; 0,2%; 0,3% dan 0,4%, serta dengan kadar aspal 5,7%. Setelah didapatkan data campuran aspal penelitian dilanjutkan untuk menentukan kadar serat karbon optimum dengan metode Narrow Range. Kemudian dilanjutkan mengubah stabilitas Marshall menjadi modulus kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam program KENPAVE. Kemudian hasil pengujian tersebut dapat dilihat pada nilai Nd dan Nf dan syarat nilai Nr yaitu <2, yang dimana nilai-nilai tersebut berdasarkan Spesifikasi Umum Direktorat Jendral Bina Marga Edisi 2017. Hasil dari penelitian ini telah memenuhi seluruh syarat yang telah ditetapkan dan berasarkan nilai Nd dan Nf dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan serat karbon terhadap bahan tambahan campuran aspal dapat digunakan dalam usaha mengurangi biaya perawatan aspal.
ANALISIS ATP-WTP TERHADAP TARIF KRL LINTAS TANAH ABANG-RANGKASBITUNG (STUDI KASUS: STASIUN JURANG MANGU)
Authors: Ignatius Felix Casey , Linggasari Dewi , Angkat Hokbyan
Published: August 2020

Determination of public transport fares needs to be compared to the value of the Ability to Pay (ATP) and Willingness to Pay (WTP) of Kereta Rel Listrik (KRL) service users to pay a sum of money for the services received. The purpose of this study is to analyze the amount of ATP and WTP value of Green Line KRL services’ users, especially those through the Jurang Mangu Station. Primary research data collection methods through surveys with online questionnaire to respondents who have used the Green Line KRL. The research data obtained will be processed and analyzed to obtain the results of respondents’ characteristics, ATP values, and WTP values. The analysis results on the existing tariffs of KRL Green Line with a base rate of Rp. 3.000,- shows the value of ATP and WTP of Rp. 5.057,- and Rp. 4.825,-. The ATP and WTP values respectively for those going through the Jurang Mangu Station are Rp. 5.167,- and Rp. 4.875,-. The results of this study indicate that the ATP value is lower when compared to the WTP value, but this ATP value is greater than the existing tariff. This data shows that the current tariff is proportional to the service received.ABSTRAKPenetapan tarif angkutan umum perlu dibandingkan nilai Ability to Pay (ATP) dan Willingness to Pay (WTP) pengguna jasa Kereta Rel Listrik (KRL) untuk membayar sejumlah uang demi pelayanan jasa yang diterima. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis besaran nilai ATP dan WTP pengguna jasa KRL pada lintas Green Line khususnya yang melalui Stasiun Jurang Mangu. Metode pengumpulan data penelitian secara primer melalui survei dengan panduan kuesioner secara online kepada responden yang pernah menggunakan KRL Green Line. Data penelitian yang diperoleh akan diolah dan dianalisis untuk mendapatkan hasil karakteristik responden, nilai ATP, dan nilai WTP. Hasil analisis pada tarif eksisting KRL Green Line dengan tingkat tarif dasar Rp. 3.000,- didapat nilai ATP dan WTP masing-masing adalah Rp. 5.057,- dan Rp. 4.825,-. Nilai ATP dan WTP untuk yang melalui Stasiun Jurang Mangu masing-masing adalah Rp. 5.167,- dan Rp. 4.875,-. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai ATP lebih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan nilai WTP, tetapi nilai ATP ini lebih besar daripada tarif eksisting. Data ini menunjukkan bahwa tarif yang berlaku saat ini sebanding dengan pelayanan yang diterima.
EFEK MODEL TANAH DENGAN BOUNDARY ELASTIC TERHADAP KAPASITAS LATERAL TIANG
Authors: Yulio Leon , Wijaya Hendy , Yuwono Amelia
Published: August 2020

Foundation is the most important part in building construction. Foundation has ability to hold axial force and lateral force. Foundation could be used for any kind of soil, for example like sandy soil and soft soil, etc. One kind of foundation that easy to use in practice is driven pile. Each foundation has its own strength to withstand load that occurs on surrounding soil.  To be able to determine the capacity of the pile on the surrounding soil it is necessary to design a pile in accordance with the design requirements of SNI 8460:2017. The capacity of driven pile is really determined by lateral shear that works on surrounding soil. By giving boundary elastic around sandy soil, can be evaluated how much model of sand soil that should be modeled and determine its effect on the soil and pile. To be able to know that, it is necessary to analyze the numerical model using PLAXIS 3D program. The result obtained by giving a boundary elastic around sandy soil affect the behavior of the soil and piles analysed. Fondasi adalah bagian terpenting dalam konstruksi sebuah bangunan. Fondasi memiliki kemampuan untuk menahan beban gaya aksial dan gaya lateral. Fondasi dapat digunakan dalam berbagai jenis tanah, seperti tanah pasir, tanah lunak, dll. Salah satu jenis fondasi yang mudah untuk digunakan dalam pelaksanaannya adalah tiang pancang. Setiap fondasi memiliki kekuatan masing-masing untuk menahan beban yang terjadi pada tanah disekitarnya. Untuk dapat mengetahui kapasitas tiang pada tanah disekitarnya perlu dilakukan perancangan tiang pancang yang sesuai dengan persyaratan desain SNI 8460:2017. Kapasitas fondasi tiang pancang sangat dipengaruhi dari tegangan lateral yang bekerja pada tanah disekitarnya. Dengan memberikan boundary elastic disekitar tanah pasir dapat dievaluasi seberapa besar model tanah pasir yang harus dimodelkan serta mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap tanah dan tiang. Untuk dapat mengetahui hal tersebut maka perlu dianalisis dengan model numerik menggunakan program PLAXIS 3D. Hasil yang diperoleh dengan memberikan boundary elastic di sekitar tanah pasir mempengaruhi perilaku tanah dan tiang pancang yang dianalisis.
PENGUJIAN TANAH EKSPANSIF DENGAN SKALA MODEL MENGGUNAKAN KAYU DOWEL SEBAGAI PENGGANTI DINDING PENAHAN TANAH
Authors: Samuel Richard , Susilo Alfred Jonathan
Published: August 2020

Foundation is one of the most important thing in a construction. The frequently used foundation in construction is pile foundation. In Indonesia  the used of pile is adapt by the condition and quality of the soil. Indonesia had many types of soil, and one of them is expansive soil. Expansive soil is a type of clay that had a swelling and shrinkage potential where the swelling happen when the water content is increase and shrink when the water content decreased. One of the mineral that can cause swelling is montmorillonite mineral in expansive soil. The chemical chain between particles that influenced by the increase of water content is causing montmorillonite mineral to swell. The focus of this research is lateral movement that happened to pile as an effect of the swelling properties in expansive soil. This analysis will also inform the effectiveness on using different size and number of pile in expansive soil. Fondasi merupakan salah satu bagian terpenting dalam suatu konstruksi. Salah satunya yang sering digunakan pada proses pelaksanaan konstruksi adalah fondasi tiang pancang. Di Indonesia sendiri penggunaan fondasi tiang pancang disesuaikan dengan kondisi dan kualitas dari tanah yang ada. Indonesia memiliki berbagai macam tipe dan jenis tanah yang berbeda, salah satunya adalah tanah ekspansif. Tanah ekspansif merupakan jenis lempung yang memiliki daya pengembangan dan penyusutan dimana pengembangan tersebut terjadi jika adanya penambahan kadar air dan menyusut ketika terjadi pengurangan kadar air. Salah satu yang dapat menjadi penyebab terjadinya pengembangan adalah kandungan mineral montmorillonite yang terdapat pada tanah ekspansif. Ikatan kimia antar partikel yang dipengaruhi oleh adanya peningkatan kadar air tanah menyebabkan mineral montmorillonite pada tanah ekspansif tersebut akan mengembang. Analisis yang dilakukan akan berfokus pada pergeseran lateral yang terjadi pada  tiang pancang sebagai akibat dari dampak pengembangan yang terjadi pada tanah ekspansif. Analisis ini juga menghasilkan efektivitas pada penggunaan ukuran dan jumlah tiang pancang ditanah ekspansif.
ANALISI PENURUNAN FONDASI TIANG RAKIT TERHADAP PENGARUH LIKUIFAKSI DI SULAWESI
Authors: Kohar Wesley , Prihatiningsih Aniek
Published: August 2020

Liquefaction is one of the most dangerous effect of earthquake. When earthquake happens, the soil characteristic will change from solid to liquid state because of the dynamic cyclic load. Buildings that sits on such soil will totally fail because of the soil loss of bearing capacity. So, detailed analysis and evaluation of the potential of liquefaction when earthquake occurs is needed, such as CSR and CRR, Chinese Criteria, Tsuchida, Bray & Sancio and Seed et al. The result of the analyses will be compared to each method to other. The result of the analysis will show whether liquefaction happen or not in every layer of the analysed soil. Steps that that are usually made by the geotechnical engineer expert is that the soil need to be improved beforehand. But in this study. Piled-raft foundation which is combination of piled and raft foundation is used for settlement analysis. The result of the analysis will show the settlement of the foundation before and after its affected by liquefaction.Likuifaksi merupakan salah satu peristiwa yang sangat bahaya yang ditimbulkan oleh bencana bumi. pada saat gempa bumi terjadi, sifat tanah akan berubah dari solid menjadi liquid akibat beban siklik yang terjadi. Bangunan yang menempati tanah yang mengalami likuifaksi akan langsung gagal total karena tanah mengalami kehilangan daya dukung. Untuk itu, diperlukan metode-metode yang rinci untuk menganalisis dan mengevaluasi potensi terjadinya likuifaksi saat terjadi gempa, yaitu analisis potensi likuifaksi yang dapat berupa analisis CSR dan CRR, Chinese Criteria, Tsuchida, Bray & Sancio dan Seed et al. Hasil analisis potensi likuifkasi tersebut akan dibandingkan satu metode dengan yang lainnya. Hasil analisis menunjukan potensi terjadinya likuifaksi pada tiap lapisan tanah yang akan ditampilkan dalam bentuk grafik maupun tabel. Fondasi tiang rakit yang merupakan gabungan antara fondasi tiang dan rakit digunakan untuk analisis penurunan fondasi pada skripsi ini. Hasil analisis akan menunjukan penurunan fondasi sebelum dan setelah likuifaksi terjadi yang akan ditampilkan dalam bentuk tabel.
Relações de gênero no recreio escolar: brinquedos, brincadeiras, construções sociais
Authors: Rios Pedro Paulo Souza , Dias Alfrancio Ferreira , Vieira Andre Ricardo Lucas
Published: August 2020

O presente estudo pretende refletir as questões inerentes à equidade de gênero a partir das brincadeiras e brinquedos no recreio escolar no Ensino Fundamental I. Nosso objetivo é analisar a construção das relações de gênero no tempo/espaço atribuído ao recreio, concebido enquanto espaço pedagógico, onde a ludicidade se constitui enquanto elemento das relações sociais de gênero. Esse estudo é qualitativo, de cunho etnográfico e teve como instrumentos de coleta de dados: o diário de campo, a observação participante e rodas de conversa com crianças do quinto ano de uma escola localizada no município de Senhor do Bonfim-Bahia. As observações nos levaram a inferir que o recreio é o momento de descontração na sucessiva rotina de conteúdos programáticos exigidos pela matriz curricular da escola. Percebemos que o recreio é um espaço generificado e sexualizado.
A juvenilização da EJA no Estado do Amapá: uma análise na Escola Estadual Santa Inês em Macapá-AP
Authors: Machado Socorro Balieiro , Custódio Elivaldo Serrão
Published: August 2020

O insucesso escolar no ensino regular impulsiona a juventude a vislumbrar uma aparente aceleração na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA). Este artigo analisa as principais causas da juvenilização na modalidade. Os sujeitos centrais da pesquisa são alunos/as de 15 a 29 anos regularmente matriculados na 3ª e 4ª etapas da EJA do ensino fundamental da Escola Estadual Santa Inês. Para essa juventude a educação está articulada ao ingresso no mundo do trabalho e ascensão social. A metodologia fundamenta-se numa abordagem qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso com técnicas de observação, questionário e análise documental. Para análise dos dados aplicamos a análise de conteúdo fundamentada em Bardin (2011). Os resultados revelam que a Juvenilização da EJA vem aumentando desde 1993. Essa migração ocorreu por diversos motivos: trabalho, desinteresse, reprovação, problemas familiares e por uma rápida “aceleração” objetivando a continuidade dos estudos e a conquista do primeiro emprego formal
FOOD SAFETY OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISM ACCORDING TO INTERNATIONAL LAW AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Mahdewi Risa , Banjarani Desia Rakhma
Published: August 2020

Modern biotechnology products have provided considerable benefits for improving human life and well-being, both in the agriculture, food, industry and human health sectors, as well as in the environmental field. But there are concerns that modern biotechnology products, in addition to providing benefits, also have risks that have adverse impacts on the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and human health. Therefore, steps need to be taken, both legally, administratively, and technology to ensure the level of biological safety.This study aims to explain and analyze the safety of Genetically Modified Organism or GMO according to international law and their implementation in Indonesia. The problem approach used in this research is normative law (library research). The data used are secondary data obtained from international, national legal regulations and literature data related to material that supports discussion of the problem. Analysis of the data used is descriptive qualitative.The results of research on food safety of Genetically Modified Organism or GMO according to international law, are regulations on food safety of genetically engineered products regulated in the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety. The laws and regulations governing GMO food in Indonesia are good enough because they have carried out the mandate and did not deviate from the biodiversity convention and Cartagena protocol by passing legislation regulations from the legal level to the decision level of the head of BPOM. It’s just that for rules regarding GMO food that is sold in retail, or that is not in the form of packaging, there is still no technical rules that can answer the problems in the field.
The science of encyclopedia of law in the Russian Empire for the period from XIX century to 1917
Authors: Slobozhaninov Oleg Konstantinovich
Published: August 2020

This article attempts to define encyclopedia of law as a science developed in the Russian Empire over the period from XIX century to 1917. The author employs dialectical, formal-dogmatic, systemic, comparative-historical methods. The source base contains monographs, textbooks and lections of the leading legal experts on the encyclopedia of law, theory of state and law. Currently, the historical-legal science does not pay due attention to encyclopedia of law. The scientific novelty is substantiated by the subject and methods of research. Comparison is conducted on the subject and object of research, methods, tasks and functions of the science of encyclopedia of law, as well as theory of state and law. Encyclopedia of law features the interpretation of legal science in its common grounds and organic unity; represents an overview on law connected by the single plot with various branches of law, and gives characteristics to the key provisions of law. A conclusion is made that the science of encyclopedia of law fulfilled mainly propaedeutic functions, and was an originator of the modern science of the theory of state and law. Further development and transformation of encyclopedia of law into the science of theory of state and law was substantiated by the advancement of other humanities – philosophy, sociology, etc. and historical events of the early XX century, which set new tasks and goals for legal science. The research results actualize the experience of development of the theory of law, as well as allow improving the theory of law based on the ideas and approaches of encyclopedia of law.
To the question on the origins of regional cultural policy of Yakutia (XVIII – early XX centuries)
Authors: Borisov Andrian Afanasievich , Pavlova-Borisova Tat'yana Vladimirovna
Published: August 2020

This article is firs to discuss an early stage of origination of the regional cultural policy of Yakutia in the Russian Empire of the XVIII – early XX centuries. Emphasis is made on the regional community: the representatives of traditional cultures – peoples of Yakutia and representatives of Russian culture (service class, government officials, taxed estates). The subject of this research is the historical prerequisites of such policy in the region, as well as the government structures that realized its key trends. The research is carried out in the all-Russian context, namely the context of transformations that took place during the Governorate Reform of 1775, as well as further evolution of the local administrative authorities that carried out cultural policy in the region. The questions is raised on the dynamic development of cultural processes in this suburb of the Empire, where the traditional cultures influencing the representatives of Russian provincial community, simultaneously became familiarized with the cultural trends from Russia. Despite the previous perceptions on the cultural backwardness of Yakutia as an imperial suburb, the conclusion is made on the relatively successful actions of imperial authorities in this field.
Análisis Comparativo del Programa de Tecnología en Electrónica y Telecomunicaciones en Colombia
Authors: Pérez-Márquez Fabio
Published: August 2020

El presente trabajo, tuvo por objetivo realizar un análisis comparativo de las carreras de Tecnología en Electrónica y Telecomunicaciones en Cartagena, la Costa Atlántica y Colombia. El trabajo fue apoyado por el Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas – CICTAR de la Fundación Tecnológica Antonio de Arévalo- TECNAR y su grupo de investigación Desarrollo Sostenible Urbano. El alcance del estudio comprendió la revisión de la oferta educativa de ese nivel con base en la información reportada en la plataforma del Sistema Nacional de Información de la Educación Superior - SNIES del Ministerio de Educación Nacional en Colombia - MEN al año 2016. En concreto, el trabajo buscó mostrar el estado actual de la formación en el campo de la profesión para lo cual comparó múltiples variables para los programas existentes por regiones, visualizando las tendencias generales. Para conseguir el objetivo, se utilizaron los métodos y técnicas estadísticas de análisis descriptivo, modelos lineales generalizados y análisis de componentes principales. Entre los resultados, se muestra que los programas así denominados, están dentro de los parámetros académicos nacionales e internacionales y que su denominación es coherente con la naturaleza del campo de conocimiento al cual pertenecen con su respectivo nivel académico, además del grupo de características que los identifican y constituyen particularidades. También se muestra la necesidad y pertinencia del programa en la ciudad de Cartagena y resalta la existencia de programas similares en mayor cuantía en ciertas regiones del país, principalmente en la zona andina, lo cual justifica la necesidad de formación en la disciplina del nivel del programa analizado.
Análisis comparativo de los programas de pregrado en Tecnología en Sistemas Integrados de Gestión y afines en Colombia
Authors: Gutiérrez-Jaraba Johon , Pérez-Márquez Fabio , Vergara De la Ossa Rocio
Published: August 2020

El presente trabajo, tuvo por objetivo realizar un análisis comparativo de las carreras de Tecnología en Sistemas Integrados de Gestión en Cartagena, la Costa Atlántica y Colombia. El trabajo fue apoyado por el Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas – CICTAR de la Fundación Tecnológica Antonio de Arévalo- TECNAR y su grupo de investigación Desarrollo Sostenible Urbano. El alcance del estudio comprendió la revisión de la oferta educativa de ese nivel con base en la información reportada en la plataforma del Sistema Nacional de Información de la Educación Superior - SNIES del Ministerio de Educación Nacional en Colombia - MEN al año 2016. En concreto, el trabajo buscó mostrar el estado actual de la formación en el campo de la profesión para lo cual comparó múltiples variables para los programas existentes por regiones, visualizando las tendencias generales. Para conseguir el objetivo, se utilizaron los métodos y técnicas estadísticas de análisis descriptivo, modelos lineales generalizados y análisis de componentes principales. Entre los resultados, se muestra que los programas así denominados, están dentro de los parámetros académicos nacionales e internacionales y que su denominación es coherente con la naturaleza del campo de conocimiento al cual pertenecen con su respectivo nivel académico, además del grupo de características que los identifican y constituyen particularidades. También se muestra la necesidad y pertinencia del programa en la ciudad de Cartagena y resalta la existencia de programas similares en mayor cuantía en ciertas regiones del país, principalmente en la zona andina, lo cual justifica la necesidad de formación en la disciplina en el nivel del programa analizado.
The effect of omega 3 fatty acid supplementation on HbA1c serum in geriatric patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: an evidence-based case report
Authors: Marino Marvin , Octovia Lily Indriani
Published: August 2020

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus as a non-communicable diseases increase annually. The global prevalence doubled from 4.7% to 8.5% in 1980 until 2016. Insulin resistance is the primary cause of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Polyunsaturated fatty acid has a contribution to membrane fluidity as well as the cell signaling system. The result of studies about the correlation between Omega-3 supplementation and blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes is still inconsistent. Meanwhile, we considered to give a 86 year old woman with an uncontrolled type 2 diabetes omega-3 fatty acid supplementation for controlling her blood glucose. Thus, we performed an evidence-based case report to respond this problem.Objectives: To observe the effect of omega-3 supplementation on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) serum of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: Electronic literature searching was performed with Cochrane®, Scopus®, and Pubmed®. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied by MeSH term and title/abstract with clinical trial as the study design. Critical appraisal was performed for eligible article.Results: There were three articles relevant with the eligibility criteria and clinical question. One study  found that omega-3 supplementation did not give a significant effect on HbA1c. The other two studies. found that there were improvement on HbA1c and lipid profile in patients that consumed omega 3.Conclusions: Omega-3 supplementation has inconsistent results for the improvement of HbA1c. The omega-3 lowering effect of HbA1c depends on the source, dosage, and duration of supplementation.
The Virtual Circular Genome Model for Primordial RNA Replication
Authors: Zhou Lijun , Ding Dian , Szostak Jack
Published: August 2020

Our manuscript describes a hypothesis for the replication of primordial RNA genomes by entirely nonenzymatic processes. Our proposal circumvents long standing problems such as the difficulty of copying long templates by nonenzymatic chemistry, the need for defined primers, and the so-called ‘last base addition problem’. Our hypothesis leads to surprising predictions, notably that the replication of an ensemble of oligonucleotides could be mediated by the template-directed extension of all oligos by as little as one nucleotide, on average. We propose experimental tests of our model, and discuss its implications for the origin of life.
Sistem Fonologi dalam Bahasa Nedebang
Authors: Prihartono Wawan
Published: August 2020

Penyusunan sistem fonologi dalam bahasa Nedebang bertujuan untuk melindungi bahasa Nedebang denga cara dokumentasi. Lokasi penelitian di Desa Nedebang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dan diolah menggunakan metode trianggulasi. Hasilnya, Bahasa Nedebang memiliki delapan belas bunyi konsonan, delapan bunyi vokal, sembilan bunyi diftong, dan lima belas konsonan rangkap. Bahasa Nedebang juga memiliki tujuh pola suku kata yang tersusun dalam satuan-satuan kata sari yang sederhana hingga kompleks.
KESOPANAN DALAM BAHASA MELAYU KUPANG PADA MEDIA SOSIAL FACEBOOK The Politeness of Malay Kupang Language on Social Media Facebook
Authors: Kembaren Erwin Syahputra
Published: August 2020

Tuturan yang sopan berkaitan dengan topik, konteks, dan jarak hubungan sosial antara penutur dan lawan tutur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk, fungsi, dan makna sapaan hormat/honorifik bahasa Melayu Kupang dalam media sosial Facebook. Masalah yang dikaji bagaimana bentuk, fungsi, dan makna sapaan bahasa Melayu Kupang dalam berkomunikasi dalam media sosial Facebook. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian, terungkap bahwa bentuk sapaan bahasa Melayu Kupang dalam media sosial Facebook adalah berwujud kata, kategori kata sapaan bahasa Melayu Kupang adalah kata nomina vokatif. Fungsi sapaan bahasa Melayu Kupang dikelompokkan ke dalam tiga fungsi, yaitu fungsi ekspresif, fungsi emotif, dan fungsi fatis untuk mengadakan kontak tutur dengan lawan tutur. Makna dalam sapaan bahasa Melayu Kupang adalah makna hubungan kekerabatan langsung dan kekerabatan fiktif.Kata kunci: Kesopanan, bentuk, fungsi, makna, sapaan
Learning to abide by the Rules of Nature in the Perspective of COVID-19
Authors:   The Editor, Journal of Islamic Business and Management, Ayub Muhammad
Published: August 2020

Each and every element in the universe is playing a given role in maintenance and preservation of the systems it comprises. The universe and whatever it comprises offers strong signs for people provided they have sense to understand (Qur’¯an 2:164). All human beings, their future generations and other creatures on the planet, have an equal right to benefit from the natural resources. Going against the laws of the nature means violating the trust, while abusing the knowledge and power given by Almighty has brought hardships to humanity itself and destruction to life and wealth. Nature requires that all must honor the rights of others by avoiding the immoral and prohibited acts or contracts to exploits the fellow human beings at individual, communal or national levels. The man transgressed and damaged the balance of the nature with its evil deeds and rebellion to the nature’s laws. The Qur’¯an teaches that human need cannot justify transgressing the equally legitimate needs of other species. The Corona pandemic has caused economic chaos and uncertainty in the national as also global economies. All countries, developed and underdeveloped, alike are facing an unprecedented economic crisis as they attempt to contain the impact of the pandemic. This editorial relates the current and the earlier pandemics to the transgression of human beings against the nature. Man needs to be pro-humans, pro-nature, pro-environment, pro-market with discipline, and pro-planet, that is the abode for it and for its future generations. The institutions, organizations and the firms that are flying an Islamic flag are under moral obligation to develop and implement the nature friendly principles and standards for their businesses. Specifically, Islamic financial Institutions need to be on the front lines for change in paradigms, policies and their implementation in their business.
Application of Biogasoline in a Four-stroke Motorcycle Engine
Authors: Saputra Sutrisna , Wijaya Karna , Mudjijana
Published: August 2020

The problems facing the world, in relation to the increasing consumption of petroleum and its limited sources, as well as pollution by fuel-related gases, such as CO, have sparked research on the application of biogasoline as an environmentally friendly alternative fuel. Our research aimed to determine engine performance through mixtures of biogasoline and gasoline to measure torque, power, and fuel consumption rate, and to determine the effect of the mixture on the level of air pollution. The biogasoline used was previously prepared from cooking oil through a Cr-zeolite-catalyzed process. The testing methods on the fuel mixture as a working substance included engine performance and exhaust emission tests, applied to four-stroke engines with mixtures with gasoline and biogasoline ratios of 95:5, 90:10, and 85:15. The engine performance test results showed that the highest values of torque, power, and average effective pressure were of the fuel with a composition of 85:15. CO and HC, the two emitted gases with high toxicities, based on the air quality standard, should not be more than 5.5% by volume and 2400 ppm, respectively. In this research, the findings indicated that both substances, not exceeding 3.0% by volume and not more than 200 ppm, respectively, are safe and environmentally friendly.