bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategies for Enhancing the Implementation of Universal Mental Health Prevention Programs in Schools: A Systematic Review
Authors: Baffsky Rachel , Ivers Rebecca , Cullen Patricia , Wang Jessica , McGillivray Lauren , Torok Michelle
Published: September 2022

A number of school-based mental health prevention programs have been found to be effective in research trials, but little is known about how to support implementation in real-life settings. To address this translational problem, this systematic review aims to identify effective strategies for enhancing the implementation of mental health prevention programs for children in schools. Four electronic databases were searched for empirical, peer-reviewed articles in English from January 2000 to October 2021 reporting the effects of implementation strategies for school-based universal mental health programs. Twenty-one articles were included in the narrative synthesis and assessed for quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Twenty-two strategies were found to be effective at improving program fidelity or adoption. The strategies with the strongest positive evidence base were those that involved monitoring and provision of feedback, engaging principals as program leaders, improving teachers’ buy-in and organising school personnel implementation meetings. We recommend school-based practitioners trial strategies with positive findings from this review as part of their continuous quality improvement. This review highlights the pressing need for large-scale, randomised controlled trials to develop and trial more robust strategies to enhance adoption, as the five implementation studies found to measure adoption used qualitative methods limited by small samples sizes and case study designs.
Post-irradiation physicochemical features of polymer composite for the removal of Co(II) and Nd(III) from aqueous solutions
Authors: El-Masry Eman H. , Mohamed Tarek M. , Metwally Sayed S.
Published: September 2022

The scientific impact of this work is the protection of the environment from hazardous pollutants. Gamma irradiation was employed for the preparation of a new composite polymer by irradiating a mixture containing polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and tannic acid (TA) to produce PVP–HEMA–TA. The sorption efficiency and capacity of PVP–HEMA–TA were evaluated by studying some factors affecting the sorption of Nd(III) and Co(II) from aqueous solutions. The results demonstrated that the maximum uptake was 92.4 and 75.3% for Nd(III) and Co(II), respectively. From the kinetic studies, the pseudo-second-order equation could better fit the data than the pseudo-first-order for the sorption of both ions. The sorption isotherm investigations illustrated that the Langmuir equation fits the gained data better than Freundlich equation. The Langmuir capacity was 64.5 and 60.8 mg/g for neodymium and cobalt ions, respectively. The applicability of Langmuir equation is strong evidence that the process is limited by a chemisorption mechanism. Findings of the work highlight the potential utilization of PVP–HEMA–TA as an effective and recyclable material for the elimination of Nd(III) and Co(II) from the aqueous phase.
Influence of Gravity on Atomic Mobility in a Liquid
Authors: Sondermann Elke , Voigtmann Thomas , Meyer Andreas
Published: September 2022

Measurements of diffusion and thermodiffusion in liquids are very sensitive to convection caused for example by buoyancy. To reduce the impact of buoyancy-driven convection, benchmark experiments are performed in microgravity conditions. Here, we discuss the general influence of gravity on atomic mobility. The gravitational Péclet number and the gravitational length can be used to assess this influence. They show that the diffusion processes of atoms in a liquid is not affected by Earth’s gravitational force but that the process is dominated by the thermal energy of the atoms. Data from experiments under different gravity conditions ranging from $$10^{-5}g$$

10

-
5

g

to $$10^6g$$

10
6

g

are summarized. They confirm that interdiffusion is only influenced by accelerations that are orders of magnitude larger than Earth’s gravity.
A comparative study of integral and coupled approaches for modeling hydraulic exchange processes across a rippled streambed
Authors: Sobhi Gollo Vahid , Broecker Tabea , Marx Christian , Lewandowski Jörg , Nützmann Gunnar , Hinkelmann Reinhard
Published: September 2022

Although both are crucial parts of the hydrological cycle, groundwater and surface water had traditionally been addressed separately. In recent decades, considering them as a single hydrological continuum in light of their continuous interaction has become well established in the scientific community through the development of numerous measurement and experimental techniques. Nevertheless, numerical models, as necessary tools to study a wide range of scenarios and future event predictions, are still based on outdated concepts that consider groundwater and surface water separately. This study compares these “coupled models”, which result from the successive execution of a surface water model and a groundwater model, to a recently developed “integral model”. The integral model uses a single set of equations to model both groundwater and surface water simultaneously, and can account for the continuous interaction at their interface. For comparison, we investigated small-scale flow across a rippled porous streambed. Although we applied identical model domain details and flow conditions, which resulted in very similar water tables and pressure distributions, comparing the integral and coupled models yielded very dissimilar velocity values across the groundwater–surface water interface. These differences highlight the impact of continuous exchange across the interface in the integral model, which imitates such flow processes more realistically than the coupled model. A few decimeters away from the interface, modeled velocity fields are very similar. Since the integral model and the surface water component of the coupled model are both CFD-based (computational fluid dynamics), they require very similar computational resources, namely access to cluster computers. Unfortunately, replacing the surface water component of the coupled model with the widely used shallow water equations model, which indeed would reduce the computational resources required, produces inaccuracy.
Serum neurofilament light chain and initial severity of neurological disease predict the early neurological deterioration in Wilson’s disease
Authors: Ziemssen Tjalf , Smolinski Lukasz , Członkowska Anna , Akgun Katja , Antos Agnieszka , Bembenek Jan , Kurkowska-Jastrzębska Iwona , Przybyłkowski Adam , Skowrońska Marta , Redzia-Ogrodnik Barbara , Litwin Tomasz
Published: September 2022

Background

In Wilson’s disease (WD), early neurological deterioration after treatment initiation is associated with poor outcomes; however, data on this phenomenon are limited. Our study analysed the frequency and risk factors of early neurological deterioration in WD.

Methods

Early neurological deterioration, within 6 months from diagnosis, was defined based on the Unified Wilson’s Disease Rating Scale (UWDRS): any increase in part II or an increase of ≥ 4 in part III. In total, 61 newly diagnosed WD patients were included. UWDRS scores, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scores, copper metabolism parameters, treatment type and serum neuro-filament light chain (sNfL) concentrations at diagnosis were analysed as potential risk factors of early deterioration.

Results

Early neurological deterioration was observed in 16.3% of all WD patients; all cases of worsening occurred in the neurological phenotype (27.7%). Higher scores were seen in those who deteriorated compared with those who did not for UWDRS part II (4.3 ± 5.0 vs 2.0 ± 5.9; p < 0.05), UWDRS part III (21.5 ± 14.1 vs 9.3 ± 16.4; p < 0.01) and MRI-assessed chronic damage (3.2 ± 1.6 vs 1.4 ± 2.2; p = 0.006); all these variables indicated the initial severity of neurological disease. Pre-treatment sNfL concentrations were significantly higher in patients who deteriorated compared with those who did not (33.2 ± 23.5 vs 27.6 ± 62.7 pg/mL; p < 0.01). In univariate logistic regression amongst all patients, chronic damage MRI scores, UWDRS part III scores and sNfL concentrations predicated early deterioration. In the neurological WD, only sNFL were a significant predictor. In bivariate logistic regression amongst all patients, sNfL remained the only significant predictor of deterioration when corrected for MRI scores.

Conclusion

sNfL concentrations are a promising biomarker of the risk of early neurological deterioration in WD.
On the realisability problem of groups for Sullivan algebras
Authors: Benkhalifa Mahmoud
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we prove that any group occurs as the group of homotopy classes of self-equivalences of a none elliptic Sullivan algebra.
mHealth Uses and Opportunities for Teens from Communities with High Health Disparities: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Stiles-Shields Colleen , Reyes Karen M. , Archer Joseph , Lennan Nia , Zhang Jim , Julion Wrenetha A. , Karnik Niranjan S.
Published: September 2022

Despite widespread access to smartphones, teens from communities facing significant behavioral health disparities typically have low mobile health (mHealth) engagement. The purpose of this study was to characterize teen and caregiver perspectives about smartphone use and access, mHealth, and how mHealth could address teens’ behavioral health needs during the pandemic and beyond. Remote recruitment and methodologies were used to engage 17 teens (M age = 15.9 ± 0.9) and 10 caregivers living in urban communities with significant socioeconomic and health disparities. Participants completed a focus group or interview session (based on preference) and self-report questionnaires (e.g., behavioral health history, pandemic impacts, technology use). Qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed using thematic and descriptive analyses, respectively. Both quantitative and qualitative data indicated relevant behavioral health concerns for teens and their families, impacts from the pandemic, and frequent smartphone use. Primary teen and caregiver themes included (1) health and wellness concerns, (2) barriers, (3) use of smartphones, (4) impacts of smartphones, and (5) opinions/suggestions for mHealth. This multi-method and multi-informant study highlighted the lived experiences of teens from marginalized communities and offered key insights to increase the acceptability and real-world engagement of mHealth tools. To address barriers to care for this population beyond the pandemic, clear messaging must be used for mHealth tools (e.g., data privacy, expectations of use). These findings testify to the importance of collaboration with teens and caregivers from communities facing large health disparities in future mHealth design, development, and deployment.
Impact of rapid Cepheid Xpert Xpress severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing in Detroit Medical Center hospitals during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic
Authors: Meyer Monica P. , LeRose Jennifer , Maples Catherine , Chopra Teena
Published: September 2022

In March 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic raged, and samples from the Detroit Medical Center (DMC) were sent offsite for testing. From April 3, 2020, DMC laboratories ran rapid Cepheid Xpert Xpress severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests within hospital labs. We detected differences in length of stay (LOS) and antibiotic duration between positive results from offsite and in-house tests.
Managing the stresses of group-living in the transition to village life
Authors: Dunbar R. I. M.
Published: September 2022

Group living is stressful for all mammals, and these stresses limit the size of their social groups. Humans live in very large groups by mammal standards, so how have they solved this problem? I use homicide rates as an index of within-community stress for humans living in small-scale ethnographic societies, and show that the frequency of homicide increases linearly with living-group size in hunter–gatherers. This is not, however, the case for cultivators living in permanent settlements, where there appears to be a ‘glass ceiling’ below which homicide rates oscillate. This glass ceiling correlates with the adoption of social institutions that allow tensions to be managed. The results suggest (a) that the transition to a settled lifestyle in the Neolithic may have been more challenging than is usually assumed and (b) that the increases in settlement size that followed the first villages necessitated the introduction of a series of social institutions designed to manage within-community discord.
Evaluation of seed morphology, seedling genetic variation, and components for seed storage of Agave landraces of commercial interest
Authors: Jimenez-Torres Jesus A. , Monroy-Gonzalez Zurisadai , Juarez-Muñoz Juana
Published: September 2022

Sexual propagation of Agave plants is an incipient cultivation method, these plants withstand drought and adverse growing conditions; therefore, research on Agave’s diversity, seed processing, and storage could support its cultivation on marginal lands. The aim of this work was to evaluate seed morphology, germination, and seedling genetic diversity of six seed origins (species × provenance) of Agave plants collected in five provenances from Mexico. Seed longevity was evaluated in two seed origins after a 10-year storage period. Seed morphology and seedling genetic variation results demonstrated intra- and interspecific variation within Agave salmiana and with the other seed origins, respectively. After a 10-year storage period seed germination of two A. salmiana seed origins remained relatively stable, storage conditions, and seed variables of this work can serve as reference parameters for future analyses. To the best authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of Agave’s seed longevity evaluation after a 10-year storage period.
The Advent of Survey Experiments in Politics and International Relations
Authors: Thomas Kathrin
Published: September 2022

Intended to combine the best of two worlds – the ability to estimate causal effects and to generalize to a wider population – survey experiments are increasingly used as a method of data collection in politics and international relations. This article examines their popularity over the past decades in social science research, discusses the core logic of survey experiments, and reviews the method against the principles of the total survey error paradigm.
Politics, preparedness, or resources
Authors: Lucero Luisa , Diaz-Kope Luisa , Galadima Hadiza
Published: September 2022

Abstract

U.S. states are often the primary decision makers during a public health crisis. The COVID-19 pandemic led to several different reopening processes across states based on their unique characteristics. We analyze whether states’ reopening policy decisions were driven by their public health preparedness, resources, COVID-19 impact, or state politics and political culture. To do so, we summarized state characteristics and compared them across three categories of reopening scores in a bivariate analysis using the chi-square or Fisher exact test for the categorical variables and a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the continuous variables. A cumulative logit model was used to assess the primary research question. A significant factor in a state’s reopening decision was the party of the governor, regardless of the party in control of the legislature, state political culture, public health preparedness, cumulative number of deaths per 100,000, and Opportunity Index score.
Understanding cultural clusters: An ethnographic perspective
Authors: Wiessner Polly
Published: September 2022

The cultural evolutionary approach to the dynamics of cumulative culture is insufficient for understanding how culture affects heritability estimates; it ignores the agency of individuals and internal complexity of social groups that drive cultural evolution. Both environmental and social selection need consideration. The WEIRD (western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic) problem has never plagued anthropology: A wealth of ethnography is available for the problem at hand.
(Super-)cultural clustering explains gender differences too
Authors: Boothroyd Lynda G. , Cross Catharine P.
Published: September 2022

The target paper shows how cultural adaptations to ecological problems can underpin “paradoxical” patterns of phenotypic variation. We argue: (1) Gendered social learning is a cultural adaptation to an ecological problem. (2) In evolutionarily novel environments, this adaptation generates arbitrary-gendered outcomes, leading to the paradoxical case of larger sex differences in more gender equal societies.
Differential application of cultural practices at the family and individual levels may alter heritability estimates
Authors: Kolodny Oren , Feldman Marcus W. , Lotem Arnon , Ram Yoav
Published: September 2022

Uchiyama et al. emphasize that culture evolves directionally and differentially as a function of selective pressures in different populations. Extending these principles to the level of families, lineages, and individuals exposes additional challenges to estimating heritability. Cultural traits expressed differentially as a function of the genetics whose influence they mask or unmask render inseparable the influences of culture and genetics.
A cultural evolutionary behavior genetics will need a more sophisticated conceptualization of cultural traits
Authors: Syed Moin , Nguyen Phuong Linh L.
Published: September 2022

A framework that brings together cultural perspectives and behavior genetics has long been needed. To be successful, however, we need sophistication in the conceptualization of culture. Here, we highlight three imperatives to this end: the need for a clear definition of cultural traits, inclusion of the role of societal power, and recognizing the distinction between traits and characteristic adaptations.
Going West: Socialist flexibility in the long 1970s
Authors: Cucu Alina-Sandra
Published: September 2022

This article analyses some of the transformations in economic vocabularies, practices, and institutions that accompanied the turn towards high value-added and technology-driven industrialization in late socialist Romania. It investigates the challenges posed by increasing integration of the country’s commodity production into the world market in the 1960–70s and assesses the measures adopted by its economic executives as a response to these challenges: the reorganization of production; the reconfiguration of planning mechanisms; and the strategies of keeping labour cheap. This article shows that planners behind the Iron Curtain wrestled with similar problems to their Western counterparts. It demonstrates that the solutions of the socialist economic executives not only mirrored, imitated, and translated Western managerial ideologies and practices but also represented creative local responses to the challenges of the world market. I argue this constellation of solutions constituted a fully fledged form of ‘socialist flexibility’. Analysing how these flexible solutions paralleled the neoliberal deregulation in the capitalist core helps us question the analytical separation between centrally planned and market economies and the still powerful narrative of 1989 as a historical fracture.
Theorizing the history of women's international thinking at the ‘end of international theory’
Authors: Owens Patricia , Dunstan Sarah C. , Hutchings Kimberly , Rietzler Katharina
Published: September 2022

Throughout the 20thcentury, women were leading intellectuals on International Relations (IR). They thought, wrote, and taught on this subject in numerous political, professional, intimate, and intellectual contexts. They wrote some of the earliest and most powerful theoretical statements of what would later become core approaches to contemporary international theory. Yet, historical women, those working before the late 20thcentury, are almost completely missing in IR's intellectual and disciplinary histories, including histories of its main theoretical traditions. In this forum, leading historians and theorists of IR respond to the recent findings of the Leverhulme project on Women and the History of International Thought (WHIT), particularly its first two book-length publications on the centrality of women to early IR discourses and subsequent erasure from its history and conceptualization. The forum is introduced by members of the WHIT project. Collectively, the essays suggest the implications of the erasure and recovery of women's international thought are significant and wide-ranging.
Lake Ice Will Be Less Safe for Recreation and Transportation Under Future Warming
Authors: Woolway R. Iestyn , Huang Lei , Sharma Sapna , Lee Sun‐Seon , Rodgers Keith B. , Timmermann Axel
Published: September 2022

Millions of lakes from around the world freeze during winter. These frozen surfaces provide essential ecosystem services that are vital to many northern communities. However, the availability of safe lake ice that is oftentimes required to support these services is under threat from climate change. Here we use a 100‐member ensemble of climate model simulations to investigate changes in the presence of safe lake ice for different recreation and provisioning activities across the Northern Hemisphere. Our projections suggest that the duration of safe ice for recreational purposes will shorten, on average, by 13, 17, and 24 days within a 1.5°C, 2°C, and 3°C warmer world (relative to 1900–1929), respectively. The projected change in the duration of safe ice will be greater in higher latitudes, but with the most densely populated lower‐latitude regions experiencing the greatest percent change. The use of lake ice to support critical transportation infrastructure will also be influenced by future warming through the loss of thicker ice this century. However, our projections suggest that the magnitude of change in the duration of safe ice will differ depending on the ice thickness requirements. For transportation that requires the thickest ice cover, the number of days with safe ice will decline by 90%, 95%, and 99% with 1.5°C, 2°C, and 3°C global warming, respectively. We highlight the need for the development and implementation of adaptation plans to address the imminent loss of critical wintertime transportation infrastructure across the Northern Hemisphere.
Mountain Rivers Reveal the Earthquake Hazard of Geologic Faults in Silicon Valley
Authors: Aron Felipe , Johnstone Samuel A. , Mavrommatis Andreas , Sare Robert , Maerten Frantz , Loveless John P. , Baden Curtis W. , Hilley George E.
Published: September 2022

The 1989, Mw = 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake resulted in tens of lives lost and cost California almost 3% of its gross domestic product. Despite widespread damage, the earthquake did not clearly rupture the surface, challenging the identification and characterization of these hidden hazards. Here, we show that they can be illuminated by inverting fluvial topography for slip‐and moment accrual‐rates—fundamental components in earthquake hazard assessments—along relief‐generating geologic faults. We applied this technique to thrust faults bounding the mountains along the western side of Silicon Valley in the San Francisco Bay Area, and discovered that these structures may be capable of generating a Mw = 6.9 earthquake every 250–300 years based on moment accrual rates. This method may be deployed broadly to evaluate seismic hazard in developing regions with limited geological and geophysical information.
Structure and Evolution of Northern Juan de Fuca Crust and Uppermost Mantle Over the Last 8 Ma From an Active‐Source Seismic Tomography Study
Authors: Boulahanis Bridgit , Carbotte Suzanne M. , Canales Juan Pablo , Han Shuoshuo , Nedimović Mladen R.
Published: September 2022

We present results from a two‐dimensional wide‐angle controlled source seismic transect designed to characterize the velocity structure of the oceanic crust and uppermost mantle spanning the northern Juan de Fuca (JdF) plate from near Endeavor ridge to the Cascadia margin. Reflection and refraction travel time inversion is used to derive a tomographic Vp model of sediments, crust, and upper mantle. Velocity model results are compared to baseline reference Vp values for unaltered crustal and upper mantle rocks at temperatures assuming plate cooling. Effective medium theory is used to infer the degree of hydration of the crust and mantle. Results indicate a somewhat fractured and hydrated upper crust (≤2.5 wt% water), a near dry lower crust (≤0.7 wt%) and upper mantle (≤0.5 wt%) west of the deformation front, and an ∼75 km wide region of modestly lower velocity in the mid‐plate. Comparison with prior results from a complementary transect offshore Oregon indicates significant differences in Vp of the upper crust, with lower Vp‐inferred porosity along most of the Washington transects that may reflect different extents of fault‐related alteration and sediment burial histories. Approaching the deformation front, Washington transect Vp structure indicates dryer conditions than offshore Oregon, consistent with differences in extent of subduction bend faulting found in reflection imaging studies. On both transects, quasi‐abrupt changes in plate properties at ages of 8, 6, and 3.4/4 Ma are found. Distinct crustal accretion modes are recognized, aligning with changes in JdF plate motion and recent history of Cobb‐Eickelberg hotspot influence on crustal accretion at the JdF ridge.
Investigation of Effects of Near‐Surface Complexities on Measurement of Mantle Discontinuity Using SS and Its Precursors
Authors: Wang Peifeng , Zhou Yong , Xu Min , Zhang Han , Chen Xiaofei , Guo Laiyin
Published: September 2022

Seismic observations of the mantle discontinuities at depths of 410 and 660 km provide crucial information to constrain the thermal and compositional states and further shape our understanding of mantle dynamics. The topography and impedance contrast of the mantle discontinuities, at both global and regional scales, have been imaged through differential travel times and amplitude ratios between SS and its precursors. However, a relatively simple reference phase (SS) is often assumed, which may overlook potential bias caused by near‐surface complexities. To assess these effects, we developed an algorithm to simulate the waveforms of SS and its precursors efficiently based on the propagation matrix method. We found that the crustal thickening increases the differential travel times but does not change the amplitude ratios much, while the sedimentary layer significantly affects both the differential travel times and amplitude ratios. The global anomalies of differential travel times and amplitude ratios are mapped incorporating earth models from CRUST1.0 and PREM. The time shift can reach ∼9 s, which will bring a depth bias of mantle discontinuity of more than 20 km, while the amplitude ratio anomaly is up to ∼40%, which will make the impedance contrast of the mantle discontinuity overestimated. The near‐surface complexities cannot be ignored in the investigation of mantle discontinuities with SS precursors, especially when the bounce points located in the regions with sediment.
A Prediction Model of Relativistic Electrons at Geostationary Orbit Using the EMD‐LSTM Network and Geomagnetic Indices
Authors: Zhang H. , Xu H. R. , Peng G. S. , Qian Y. D. , Zhang X. X. , Yang G. L. , Shen C. , Li Z. , Yang J. W. , Wang Z. Q. , He F. , Gu C. L. , Zhu M. B.
Published: September 2022

In this study, the Empirical Mode Decomposition algorithm (EMD) and the Long Short Term Memory neural network (LSTM) are combined into an EMD‐LSTM model, to predict the variation of the >2 MeV electron fluxes 1 day ahead. Input parameters include the Pc5 power, AP, AE, Kp, >0.6 MeV, and historical electron flux values, are used for predictions. All the time resolution of parameters are daily integral values. As compared the prediction results of the EMD‐LSTM model with other classical prediction models, the results show that the 1 day ahead prediction efficiency of the >2 MeV electron fluxes possesses a prediction efficiency of 0.80, and the highest prediction efficiency can reach 0.93. These results are superior to the prediction accuracy of more previous models. Using two high‐energy electron flux storm events for validation, the results indicate that the performance of the EMD‐LSTM model in the period of the high‐energy electron flux storm is also relatively good, especially for the prediction of high‐energy electron fluxes at extreme points, and the predictions are closer to actual observations.
Identity-by-descent analysis of CMTX3 links three families through a common founder
Authors: Henden Lyndal , Grosz Bianca R. , Ellis Melina , Nicholson Garth A. , Kennerson Marina , Williams Kelly L.
Published: September 2022

A large 78 kb insertion from chromosome 8q24.3 into Xq27.1 was identified as the cause of CMTX3 in three families of European descent from Australia (CMT193, CMT180) and New Zealand/United Kingdom (CMT623). Using the relatedness tool XIBD to perform genome-wide identity-by-descent (IBD) analysis on 16 affected individuals from the three families demonstrated they all share the CMTX3 disease locus identical-by-descent, confirming the mutation arose in a common ancestor. Relationship estimation from IBD segment data has genetically linked all three families through 6th and 7th degree relatives.
TAAR1 dependent and independent actions of the potential antipsychotic and dual TAAR1/5-HT1A receptor agonist SEP-363856
Authors: Saarinen Marcus , Mantas Ioannis , Flais Ivana , Ågren Richard , Sahlholm Kristoffer , Millan Mark J. , Svenningsson Per
Published: September 2022

SEP-363856 (SEP-856) is a novel antipsychotic under clinical development. It displays a unique pattern of receptor interaction, with only weak (partial agonist) activity at dopamine D2 receptors, yet more potent agonist activity at the trace amine associated receptor (TAAR1) and 5-hydroxytryptamine 1 A receptor (5-HT1A). Nonetheless, these observations await independent confirmation and more detailed characterization of the in vitro and in vivo actions of SEP-856 at TAAR1 and 5-HT1A receptors would be instructive. Herein, we employed luminescence complementation technology in heterologous live cell systems, confocal microscopy, voltage clamp electrophysiology, behavioral readouts and TAAR1 knockout (KO) mice to study SEP-856 in further detail. We provide evidence for the ability of SEP-856 to activate TAAR1 at the surface plasma membrane, and show that this interaction results in Gαs recruitment (pEC50: 6.08 ± 0.22 EMAX: 96.41% ± 15.26) and by extension, to G-protein inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channel activation. Using TAAR1-KO mice, we find TAAR1 to be indispensable for SEP-856 control of body temperature, baseline locomotion reduction and for “antipsychotic-like” efficacy as characterized by a reversal of dizocilipine (MK-801) mediated disruption of pre-pulse inhibition. Conversely, the inhibition by SEP-856 of MK-801 induced locomotion was unaffected in TAAR1 KO mice. SEP-856 behaved as a low-potency, partial agonist at the 5-HT1A receptor, while it partially inhibited recruitment of D2 receptor-coupled Gα and GIRK by DA and acted as a weak partial agonist with low potency at the same receptor when applied alone. Our findings corroborate and extend previous observations on the molecular substrates engaged by this unique, dual TAAR1/5-HT1A receptor agonist and potential antipsychotic that could prove to have major advantages in the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders.
Differences in outcomes after total hip arthroplasty for osteoarthritis between patients with and without central sensitivity syndromes other than fibromyalgia
Authors: Ohashi Yoshihisa , Fukushima Kensuke , Uchida Kentaro , Koyama Tomohisa , Tsuchiya Maho , Saito Hiroki , Uchiyama Katsufumi , Takahira Naonobu , Inoue Gen , Takaso Masashi
Published: September 2022

We investigated the differences in outcomes after total hip arthroplasty (THA) for hip osteoarthritis (HOA) between patients with and without central sensitivity syndromes (CSSs) other than fibromyalgia (FM). After excluding two patients with FM, we compared the clinical data of 41 patients with CSSs and 132 patients without CSSs. Clinical data included scores on the central sensitization inventory, visual analog scale for pain (VAS pain), and Japanese Orthopedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire (JHEQ). VAS pain was significantly higher at 3 and 6 months after THA in patients with CSSs than in those without CSSs (3 and 6 months, P < 0.001). Satisfaction, pain, and mental JHEQ scores were lower in patients with CSSs than in those without CSSs (satisfaction, P < 0.001; pain, P = 0.011; mental, P = 0.032). Multiple regression analyses indicated that one and ≥ 2 CSS diagnoses significantly impacted the satisfaction score (one CSS, β = − 0.181, P = 0.019; ≥ 2 CSSs, β = − 0.175, P = 0.023). Two or more CSSs were the only factor influencing the pain score (β = − 0.175, P = 0.027). Pain in patients with CSSs reflects central sensitization, which may adversely affect post-operative outcomes. Surgeons should pay attention to patients with a history of CSSs diagnoses who undergo THA for HOA.
Clinical significance of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in Fragile X Syndrome
Authors: Laroui Asma , Galarneau Luc , Abolghasemi Armita , Benachenhou Sérine , Plantefève Rosalie , Bouchouirab Fatima Zahra , Lepage Jean François , Corbin François , Çaku Artuela
Published: September 2022

High plasma matrix metalloproteases-9 (MMP-9) levels have been reported in Fragile X Syndrome in a limited number of animal and human studies. Since the results obtained are method-dependent and not directly comparable, the clinical utility of MMP-9 measurement in FXS remains unclear. This study aimed to compare quantitative gel zymography and ELISA and to determine which method better discriminates abnormal MMP-9 levels of individuals with FXS from healthy controls and correlates with the clinical profile. The active and total forms of MMP-9 were quantified respectively, by gel zymography and ELISA in a cohort of FXS (n = 23) and healthy controls (n = 20). The clinical profile was assessed for the FXS group using the Aberrant Behavior Checklist FXS adapted version (ABC-CFX), Adaptive Behavior Assessment System (ABAS), Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), and Anxiety Depression and Mood Scale questionnaires. Method comparison showed a disagreement between gel zymography and ELISA with a constant error of − 0.18 [95% CI: − 0.35 to − 0.02] and a proportional error of 2.31 [95% CI: 1.53 to 3.24]. Plasma level of MMP-9 active form was significantly higher in FXS (n = 12) as compared to their age-sex and BMI matched controls (n = 12) (p = 0.039) and correlated with ABC-CFX (rs = 0.60; p = 0.039) and ADAMS (rs = 0.57; p = 0.043) scores. As compared to the plasma total form, the plasma MMP-9 active form better enables the discrimination of individuals with FXS from controls and correlates with the clinical profile. Our results highlight the importance of choosing the appropriate method to quantify plasma MMP-9 in future FXS clinical studies.
Efficacy of administrative intervention for neurosurgical patients with off-label use of alprostadil lipid microsphere
Authors: Luo Yuling , Fan Qingze , Yu Yongqi , Zhang Lunhui , Dong Limei , Luo Hongli
Published: September 2022

As an adjuvant drug, alprostadil lipid microsphere injection (Lipo-PGE1) is one of the best-selling drugs in China in recent years. However, the off-label use of Lipo-PGE1 is very common. This study aimed to investigate the use of Lipo-PGE1 and evaluate the clinical effects and economic benefits after administrative intervention on inappropriate use of Lipo-PGE1 in neurosurgical patients in a Chinese tertiary hospital. Administrative interventions were implemented from January to December 2018 by reducing the procurement volume of Lipo-PGE1, judging the rationality of medical records, and establishing reward and punishment mechanisms. Administrative interventions significantly decreased prescription rate (49.98% vs 22.49%), utilization (22,311 DDDs vs 8334 DDDs), drug use density (43.52 DDDs/TID vs 15.84 DDDs/TID), total expenditure (3.58 million RMB vs 1.30 million RMB), and average expenditure (2025.04 RMB vs 1466.49 RMB) of Lipo-PGE1. To our delight, these intervention effects were maintained or even better in the 1-year post-intervention period. Moreover, in the intervention and post-intervention phases, the Lipo-PGE1 use for no indications as well as inappropriate drug dose, frequency, menstruum type, combination, and contraindication were markedly reduced. Besides, the mean costs (P < 0.001), and mean duration (P < 0.001) of Lipo-PGE1 were also obviously decreased. The administrative intervention obviously reduced the off-label use of Lipo-PGE1. However, there still remains a number of inappropriate uses of Lipo-PGE1. To further improve the rational use of Lipo-PGE1, combination of administrative intervention and real-time clinical pharmacists intervention should be implemented.
Clinical characteristics and a 2-year follow-up of unsatisfactory conventional Pap smears: a retrospective case–control study
Authors: Tien Chin-Tzu , Li Pei-Chen , Chen Chi-Jui , Ding Dah-Ching
Published: September 2022

The objective of this study was to conduct a 2-year follow-up of individuals having unsatisfactory reports of Pap smears and to analyze the contributing factors. This was a retrospective study at a medical center that performed about 5000–6000 Pap smears annually in Eastern Taiwan. Women who had unsatisfactory results due to scant cellularity between January 1, 2015–December 31, 2016, were included in this study. The control group comprised age-matched women with normal Pap smears at a 1:4 ratio, during the same period. The clinical characteristics and the 2-year outcomes were followed. Patients who were unavailable for follow-up assessments or who had insufficient clinical information were excluded. Student’s t-test and chi-square test were used for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Statistical significance was defined as a p-value < 0.05. A total of 887 Pap smears were included. A total of 717 and 170 women had normal Pap and unsatisfactory Pap tests, respectively. After excluding women who were unavailable for follow-up, the final analysis included 248 and 67 women with normal and unsatisfactory Pap tests, respectively. The mean age was not significantly different between the two groups (49.97 ± 10.69 and 51.61 ± 11.28 years in the unsatisfactory Pap and control groups, respectively [p > 0.05]). The percentage of menopause and vaginal discharge were significantly different between the two groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that premenopausal status, increased discharge were associated with the risk of unsatisfactory Pap tests. Of the 67 women with unsatisfactory Pap tests, all tested negative for any malignancies at a 2-year follow-up assessment. Women with increased vaginal discharge and without menopause were at an increased risk of having an unsatisfactory Pap test. Our results indicate that an unsatisfactory Pap smear due to scant cellularity might not increase the risk of intraepithelial neoplasia or cancer after 2 years. Further, large-scale studies with longer follow-up periods are required.
Correction: High-efficiency and high-fidelity ssDNA circularisation via the pairing of five 3′-terminal bases to assist LR-LAMP for the genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphisms
Authors: Li Taiwen , Zou Huayan , Zhang Jing , Ding Haixia , Li Cheng , Chen Xiangru , Li Yunzhou , Feng Wenzhuo , Kageyama Koji
Published: September 2022

Correction for ‘High-efficiency and high-fidelity ssDNA circularisation via the pairing of five 3′-terminal bases to assist LR-LAMP for the genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphisms’ by Taiwen Li et al., Analyst, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2an01042a.
Aqueous synthesis and self-assembly of bioactive and thermo-responsive HA-b-ELP bioconjugates
Authors: Levêque Manon , Xiao Ye , Durand Laura , Massé Louise , Garanger Elisabeth , Lecommandoux Sébastien
Published: September 2022

A library of diblock HA-b-ELP bioconjugates was synthesized by a simple synthetic and purification procedure in water. Their self-assembly properties were deeply investigated to assess their structure–property relationships.
Dynamic covalent crosslinked hyaluronic acid hydrogels and nanomaterials for biomedical applications
Authors: Wang Shujiang , Tavakoli Shima , Parvathaneni Rohith Pavan , Nawale Ganesh N. , Oommen Oommen P. , Hilborn Jöns , Varghese Oommen P.
Published: September 2022

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is extensively used in the design of hydrogels and nanoparticles for different biomedical applications. Here, we critically assessed HA-based hydrogels and nanomaterials that are crosslinked by dynamic-covalent coupling (DCC) chemistry.
Alternative design strategies to help build the enzymatic retrosynthesis toolbox
Authors: Hooe Shelby L. , Ellis Gregory A. , Medintz Igor L.
Published: September 2022

Developing the field of enzymatic retrosynthesis can benefit from other research approaches including: minimalist multi-enzyme synthesis, substrate tolerance/specificity studies, optimizing enzyme activity in vitro, and elucidating relevant thermodynamic-kinetic properties.
Controllable construction of an ordered three-dimensional supramolecular polymer with selective guest adsorption ability
Authors: Xiao Xuedong , Chen Hongbo , Dong Xuxu , Zhang Ju’an , Zhang Jian , Zhang Haoke , Wang Dapeng , Tian Wei
Published: September 2022

The self-assembly via the cation–π interaction is a promising method for the synthesis of ordered supramolecular systems. Here, we propose a cation–π-based “sandwich”-like binding pattern to prepare an ordered and stable 3D supramolecular polymer.
Inkjet-printed transparent micro-supercapacitors with morphology tailored co-continuous mesoporous Mn3O4
Authors: Priyadarsini Sushree Sangita , Saxena Suryansh , Pradhan Jyoti Ranjan , Dasgupta Subho
Published: September 2022

The inkjet-printed transparent/ flexible MSCs based on mesoporous Mn3O4 show gravimetric and volumetric specific capacitances of 679.5 F g−1 and 2411 F cm−3, respectively, with wide potential window of 2.6 V, and cycling stability up to 10000 cycles.
Electrocatalytic selectivity for nitrogen reduction vs. hydrogen evolution: a comparison of vanadium and cobalt oxynitrides at different pH values
Authors: Chukwunenye Precious , Ganesan Ashwin , Gharaee Mojgan , Balogun Kabirat , Anwar Fatima , Adesope Qasim , Cundari Thomas R. , D'Souza Francis , Kelber Jeffry A.
Published: September 2022

To understand the competing HER and NRR reactions, their selectivities are compared for well-known NRR catalysts, viz., metal oxynitrides of high (vanadium) and low (cobalt) oxophilicity as a function of pH.
Branched alkyl-chain engineering of chlorinated asymmetrical acceptors for improved organic photovoltaic performance
Authors: Li Dandan , Li Gang , Li Zhixiang , Meng Lingxian , Xu Yan , Cui Guanwei , Bai Yunfei , Wan Xiangjian , Chen Yongsheng , Tang Bo
Published: September 2022

Six dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole (DTP)-based asymmetric non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) were designed and synthesized to investigate the effects of DTP linked by gradient alkyl chains on the performance of organic solar cells.
DNA nanotubes in coacervate microdroplets as biomimetic cytoskeletons modulate the liquid fluidic properties of protocells
Authors: Zhou Shaohong , Cai Xueer , Zhang Yanwen , Chen Qiaoshu , Yang Xiaohai , Wang Kemin , Jian Lixin , Liu Jianbo
Published: September 2022

Liquid coacervate microdroplets have been proposed as a compartment model for the construction of artificial cells. Here, an artificial cytoskeleton based on DNA nanotubes was constructed to modulate the liquid properties of the microdroplets.
Flexible cyanoethyl cellulose-based nanocomposites with superior energy storage capability
Authors: Wu Lukang , Zhao Jinhao , Li Zhicheng , Zhai Yizan , Zhang Yiling , Zhen Qiongxuan , Cheng Yu , Ding Xiangping , Li Peng , Liu Jinjun , Pan Zhongbin
Published: September 2022

Novel 2D BNNs/cyanoethyl cellulose composite films exhibit a large Ud of 23.5 J cm−3 along with a high η of 83.6% at 680 MV m−1.
Electrical, electronic and magnetic property correlation via oxygen vacancy filling and scaling-law analysis in LiFe5O8 thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition
Authors: Udhayakumar S. , Kumar G. Jagadish , Kumar E. Senthil , Navaneethan M. , Kamala Bharathi K.
Published: September 2022

LiFe5O8 thin films exhibit a decrease in band gap and movement of the Fermi energy towards the valence band edge with increasing thickness.
A bistatic inverse synthetic aperture radar sparse aperture high‐resolution imaging algorithm with migration compensation
Authors: Zhu Hanshen , Hu Wenhua , Guo Baofeng , Zhu Xiaoxiu , Zhou Bin , Xue Dongfang , Zhu Chang'an
Published: September 2022

In recent years, bistatic inverse synthetic aperture radar (Bi‐ISAR) imaging of targets with sparse aperture has attracted more and more attention. One of the critical issues is that the Bi‐ISAR imaging of some large targets with rotational motions is prone to migration through resolution cells, which increases the imaging difficulty. In order to enhance the compensation for through resolution cell migration in those scenarios and improve the accuracy and resolution of Bi‐ISAR images under sparse aperture, that is, improving the target recognition of Bi‐ISAR, the authors aimed at the high‐order migration term and the high‐order phase error term and proposed a Bi‐ISAR sparse aperture high‐resolution imaging algorithm based on complex Bayesian compressed sensing and frequency resampling. The algorithm was solved by ‘distributed’ iteration. The migration compensation under the sparse aperture conditions was completed, and the quality of the reconstructed images was improved. Simulation results verified the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed algorithm.