bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advancements in UAV image semantic segmentation: A comprehensive literature review
Authors: Ahmed Shouket A. , Desa Hazry , Easa Haider Kh. , Hussain Abadal-Salam T. , Taha Taha A. , Salih Sinan Q. , Hasan Raed Abdulkareem , Ahmed Omer K. , Ng Poh Soon Joseph
Published: April 2024

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have revolutionized data acquisition across various domains, presenting immense potential for image processing and semantic segmentation. This literature review encompasses a thorough exploration of advancements, techniques, challenges, and datasets pertaining to UAV image semantic segmentation. It begins by introducing the fundamental concepts of UAVs, highlighting their pivotal role in capturing high-resolution imagery that serves diverse applications. The integration of deep learning algorithms with UAVs is emphasized, unlocking new horizons in autonomous flight, security, and environmental monitoring. Delving into the core principles of semantic segmentation, the review elucidates the critical task of classifying every pixel in an image. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are presented as the cornerstone technology, tracing their evolution from traditional CNNs to the highly adaptable Fully Convolutional Networks (FCNs). A substantial portion of the review is dedicated to FCNs, underscoring their ability to process images of varying dimensions while maintaining spatial coherence in the output. Their pivotal role in semantic segmentation, encompassing both classification and localization, is articulated. The subsequent sections delve into a comprehensive survey of state-of-the-art models, including SegNet, PSPNet, DeepLabNet, EfficientNet, DenseNet-C, and LinkNet. Each model's unique strengths and applications contribute to the evolving landscape of semantic segmentation tasks. The versatility of the U-Net architecture takes center stage in the latter parts of the review. Its fundamental structure is elucidated, followed by a comprehensive examination of its manifold adaptations—3D-U-Net, ResU-Net, U-Net++, Adversarial U-Net, Cascaded U-Net, and Improved U-Net 3+. These modifications address intrinsic challenges such as limited receptive fields and class imbalances, propelling U-Net to the forefront of image segmentation techniques. The subsequent sections pivot toward the application of U-Net in UAV image segmentation, illustrating its efficacy in diverse tasks, including land cover and crop classification. Nevertheless, persisting challenges, such as the scarcity of annotated datasets and the need for model generalization across varied environmental conditions, remain key areas of concern. The review culminates by underlining the significance of large, authentic datasets and data augmentation techniques. Furthermore, a brief exploration of publicly available UAV image datasets is presented, enhancing our understanding of the resources accessible for training and evaluating models. This comprehensive literature review encapsulates the dynamism of UAV image processing and semantic segmentation, illuminating recent developments and avenues for future research in this burgeoning field.
A bibliometric analysis using the VOS Viewer: Green marketing, repurchase intention, and correlations
Authors: Nomalisa Nur Edi , Widowati Retno
Published: April 2024

This study uses the SCOPUS database to analyze the evolution of publications on green marketing, repurchase intention, and their relationships. The VOSviewer software program was used in this study's bibliometric analysis approach to construct and display a bibliometric network. Researchers were selected using the SCOPUS database's top keywords for green marketing, repurchase intention, and correlation between 2003 and 2022. The number of publications identified according to the keywords initially appeared to be 5.481 for green marketing, 1.658 for repurchase intention and 13 for keyword green marketing and repurchase intention. After filtering, it was discovered that there were only 5 articles containing the keywords "green marketing and repurchase intention", out of a total of 2.893 articles on green marketing and 1.117 articles on repurchase intention. Based on the findings of the VOSviewer study and the network visualization of keyword co-occurrence, 162 items were divided into 5 groups (clusters) for green marketing issues, 102 items were divided into 5 groups (clusters) for repurchase intention issues, and only 25 items were divided into 5 groups (clusters) for correlations between green marketing and repurchase intention issues. There is still limited research analyzing the correlation between green marketing and repurchase intentions, starting in 2016. However, companies must spend more of their budgets when implementing green marketing strategies; in the future, further enhanced research examining whether green marketing strategies have an impact on repurchase intentions by customers is needed.
Accession of the EU to the ECHR: A more developed fundamental rights low for the EU after the Lisbon Treaty?
Authors: Gorjani Gerta , Muskaj Blerina
Published: April 2024

The Treaty of Lisbon introduced important changes in the protection of human rights in the EU, the most important of which lie in the changes in Article 6 of the Treaty on the European Union. These provisions indicate that the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights is now legally binding, having the same status as primary EU law, and that the EU "shall accede" to the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). Since the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon, the Charter has been referred to on numerous occasions by the European Court of Justice and now acts as the main source of human rights in the EU. This article examines the import of this case law, some of which are ground-breaking and controversial, as well as how the higher profile for human rights under the Charter is likely to change the nature of the EU’s relationship with the ECHR. The article also examines the complex procedure for the EU’s accession to the ECHR, which is now underway, highlighting particularly significant aspects of this process. The article concludes with some general reflections about the status of human rights protection in the EU, suggesting that this has become one of the most significant areas of EU law that has had, and continues to have, a crucial impact on the EU’s relationships with its Member States, the EU and international law.
THINK-ALOUD METHOD: DEVELOPING STUDENTS' READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Pratiwi Dita Ayu , Noorani Noorani
Published: April 2024

The think-aloud method is a way for increasing reading comprehension. The think-aloud is a method that can help teachers in gathering student processes such as surmising and utilization of prior information. This research investigate the effectiveness of think aloud method in teaching students’ reading comprehension. Non-probability sampling was employed for choosing the learners from a state Junior High School in Garut for the quasi experimental research. The research sample consisted of 30 eight graders who were assigned to be at the experiment and control group. Through using pretest and posttest, the researcher gathered and statistically analyzed the data. The value of Sig evidences (2-tailed) is equal to 0.006 < 0.05, which means, the think-aloud method is not effective in teaching students' reading comprehension.Some practical suggestions are provided in the study
SEEING MAXIM VIOLATION IN EFL INTERACTION
Authors: Soni Mohammad , Dewi Sinta , Alawiah Sulistia
Published: April 2024

In relating with other people, the cooperative principle may be done to make a dialogue run well and efficiently. However, there are chances when speakers have to violate a maxim because of some reason. Maxim of quality talks about; first, the participants in conversation. Second, they should not say something without adequate evidence. Maxim of quantity is concerned with providing information as required. It should not be less informative or more informative. Maxim of relevance recommends that the utterance should be relevant to the topic being conversed. Maxim of manner requires the speaker's utterance to be understandable or comprehensible or not ambiguous. It should be not be blurred. This study aims to determine the kinds of maxim violations done by the students during classroom interaction and the reasons behind the students violating the maxims. This study used observation and interview methods to collect the data. The study results show that there are three maxims violated by students, namely violating the maxim of quantity, relevance, and quality, with a total of 25 utterances. The students violate the maxim because they want to save face and build someone’s belief. This study found that the students violated three maxims when interacting with the teacher. They were violating the maxim of quality, violating the maxim of quantity, and violating the maxim of relevance. This study found 2 violating the maxim of quality, 14 violating the maxim of quantity, and 9 violating the maxim of relevance.
SEEING HOW MULTIMODAL SOURCE ARE USED IN EFL CLASSROOM
Authors: Salsabila Salma , Nurami Nadya , Oktaviana Rai Tri , Muljanto Setia , Kurnia Ateng
Published: April 2024

The use of body movements and facial expressions in learning English helps students interpret and express the meaning of words and sentences. By looking at the implementation of multimodal in English classrooms, this study provides important insights into the potential for using multimodal in enhancing English learning. Multimodality involving various types of media such as text, images, audio, and video will be analyzed in the context of three SFL dimensions, namely ideational, interpersonal, and textual dimensions and observing how teachers and students gain an understanding of how multimodal is used in contexts of language and meaning. The results of this research can provide valuable contributions to the development of more innovative and effective English curricula and teaching methods. English teachers can use these findings as guidelines in designing learning strategies that are more interesting and focus on students' needs. In addition, this research can also be a basis for further research on the use of multimodal in the context of learning English. This study aims to analyze the use of multimodal in learning English in the classroom. This research includes observing the use of multimodal at SMA Garut in English classes at level 10, as well as the use of multimodal in teaching English based on the Linguistic Functional System (SFL) theory.
ANALYZING TEACHERS’ STRATEGIES IN TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Ratnasari Suminar , Suparman Asep , Soni Muhammad
Published: April 2024

This study focuses on the teachers’ strategies in teaching reading comprehension. The objective of the research is to find out teachers’ strategies in teaching reading comprehension. To reach this objective, this study used qualitative method and case study design for investigating and analyzing the natural situation focused on teachers’ strategies. To collect the data, this study used participants who involved in this study were three teachers in one of senior high schools in Garut. The result showed that the teachers used different strategies in teaching reading comprehension. The strategies are memorizing, question and answer relationship, silent reading, game, discussion, and reading aloud. Hopefully, this study may portray a clear explanation for readers about teacher’s strategies in teaching reading comprehension.
Metapolitics and Cultural Hegemony: The Concept of the Elite in the Discourse of the New Right Institut für Staatspolitik
Authors: Clemens Simon
Published: April 2024

Most research on right-wing populism focuses on the construction of ʼthe peopleʼ. Conversely, I ask how the other side of the populist conflict line – ʼthe eliteʼ – is discursively constructed. To this end "I examine the debates of the far-right Institut für Staatspolitik (IfS) using Robert Entmanʼs framing analysis. Subsequently, I contextualize the results within the elite discourse of the German New Right. Summing up the results, the IfS states that starting from the student protests in the 1960s and 1970s the elite has become leftist or ʼmulticulturalistʼ. Through the eliteʼs hegemony in the media, it exerts a pressure of conformity. While the IfS constructs the elite negatively, it is not anti-elite. By labeling its political enemies as elites, the IfS tries to speak in the name of ʼthe peopleʼ. At the same time, it is elitist argues even for a right-wing elite. In pointing out this paradoxical construction, it becomes clear that the framing of right-wing actors should not be confused with the actual reality. Notably, the IfSʼs discursive strategy reflects a metapolitical or hegemony theoretical approach that is paradigmatic for the New Right.
Enhancing Dementia Risk Mitigation: Standardized Digital Monitoring in Clinical Trials and Platform Design for At-Risk Elderly Individuals
Authors: Hilberger Hannes , Buchgraber-Schnalzer Bianca , Huber Simone , Weitlaner Theresa , Untersteiner Helena , Seerainer Carina , Hanke Sten
Published: April 2024

Background: Dementia is becoming a significant public health concern, affecting approximately 130,000 individuals in Austria, whereby nearly 40% of the cases are attributed to modifiable risk factors. Multidomain lifestyle interventions have thereby demonstrated significant effects in reducing the risk of dementia. Objectives: The goal was to define an interoperability framework to conduct standardized monitoring in clinical trials for enhancing dementia risk mitigation. In addition, the identified standards should be integrated into the components of the project. Methods: A step-by-step approach was used, where initially data collection, aggregation and harmonization was carried out with retrospective data from various clinical centers. Afterwards, the interoperability framework was defined including the prospective data that is gathered during a clinical trial. Results: A guideline for integrating healthcare standards was developed and incorporated into the technical components for the clinical trial. Conclusion: The interoperability framework was designed in a scalable way and will be regularly updated for future needs.
Dual Implementation Guides in FHIR and CDA
Authors: Tanjga Nikola , Krauss Oliver
Published: April 2024

Background: The Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) and Clinical Document Architecture (CDA) are standards for the healthcare industry, designed to improve the exchange of health data by interoperability. Both standards are constrained through what are known as Implementation Guides (IG) for specific use. Objectives: Both of these two standards are widely in use and play an important role in the Austrian healthcare system. Concepts existing in CDA and FHIR must be aligned between both standards. Methods: Many existing approaches are presented and discussed, none are fully suited to the needs in Austria. Results: The IG Publisher has already been used for CDA IGs, beside of its intended FHIR support, but never for both in one IG. Even the International Patient Summary (IPS), existing as CDA and FHIR specification, does not solve the needed comparability between these two. Conclusion: As the IG Publisher is widely used and supports CDA, it should be used for Dual Implementation Guides. Further work and extension of IG Publisher is necessary to enhance the readability of the resulting IGs.
Exploring the Environmental Impact of Telemedicine: A Life Cycle Assessment
Authors: Savoldelli Anna , Landi Daniele , Rizzi Caterina
Published: April 2024

Background: Telemedicine has emerged as a potential solution to mitigate the significant greenhouse gas emissions of the healthcare sector. A comprehensive evaluation is required to quantify the environmental benefits of its implementation. Objectives: The study aims to compare the environmental sustainability of in-person and virtual examinations for heart failure patients. Methods: A standard life cycle assessment has been applied to quantify the equivalent CO2 of direct and indirect activities required to release a medical examination (virtual or physical) for a patient in an Italian hospital. Inputs of the analysis include electronic devices of hospital and patients, energy consumption, wastes, internet usage and patient travel. Depending on the type of visit (virtual or physical), inputs have been processed differently, considering actual consumption and utilization. Results: Televisit reduces emissions from 9.77 kgCO2e to 0.41 kgCO2e. Transport and internet data use are key inputs for in-person (i.e., 98%) and telemedicine visits (i.e., 72%), respectively. Discussion: Given the frequent car travels, telemedicine emerges as a tool to improve environmental benefits and reduce time for patients and caregivers.
Should We Better Stick to Pen and Paper? An Empirical Investigation on Functionality, Privacy and Data-Security of Physiotherapy Telehealth Applications
Authors: Maul Lukas , Kramer Ines , Rettinger Lena , Werner Franz
Published: April 2024

Background: Telehealth and mHealth apps become increasingly popular in health professions such as physiotherapy calling for increased awareness on functionality, privacy, and data security. Objectives: This work presents a functionality, privacy, and data-security evaluation of four telehealth services commonly used in physiotherapy. Methods: We examined functionality and features, data protection, privacy implementations and data-security with a questionnaire and performed an in-depth investigation of the services. Results: Privacy and security relevant findings such as use of outdated webservers, problems with certificate renewal as well as questionable GDPR compliance were reported. Conclusion: Due to the privacy and security relevant findings in this analysis it can be concluded that there is a need for improvement in design, development, operation as well as regulation of telehealth apps and services.
Unveiling the Surge: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Stimulating Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Telemedicine and Its Academic Landscape
Authors: Hackl Werner O. , Neururer Sabrina B. , Pfeifer Bernhard
Published: April 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic spurred an unprecedented shift towards digitalization, prompting a surge in telehealth practices. This paper explores the impact of the pandemic on telemedicine through a comprehensive analysis of scientific publications. Utilizing a bibliometric approach, the study examines trends in telemedicine research before and after the onset of Covid-19. The systematic search in PubMed yielded 8,454 pre-Covid-19 publications (2016–2019) and 16,633 post-Covid-19 publications (2020–2023). A total of 21,989 distinct keywords were extracted. Co-occurrence maps reveal evolving thematic clusters, with “mhealth” and “ehealth” dominating pre-Covid-19, while “Covid-19” emerges as a top keyword post-pandemic. The Top-10 keywords shift post-Covid-19, reflecting dynamic research priorities. The bibliometric approach illuminates a heightened exploration of telehealth solutions post-pandemic, emphasizing the enduring impact of the crisis on academic discourse. Changes in key terms and shifts in key term ranking indicate dynamic research priorities and a broader consideration of multidimensional healthcare challenges. Acknowledging study limitations, the analysis offers a high-level perspective, focusing on authors’ keywords. Despite challenges, the study provides a systematic overview, revealing the emergence of new telemedicine application domains and the need for further in-depth analyses. Future research directions may explore the ecological impact of telemedicine applications and other intriguing aspects, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of telemedicine’s scholarly trajectory.
Using the exponential distribution as a synthetic curve volume of runoff
Authors: Sytnichenko Mykola , Anatska Hanna
Published: April 2024

The paper analyzes the problem of determining the volume of runoff from the basin by means of runoff simulation methods using a one-parameter exponential distribution. Using the data of the hydrometeorological service on the maximum daily amount of precipitation of various types for some weather stations located throughout the territory of Ukraine, the dependencies of the probability distribution of daily precipitation layers were obtained, in the form of the total depth of precipitation and the total duration of precipitation. As a result of the approximation of the probability distribution of daily precipitation layers, the values of the frequency of events and the average value of the depth of daily precipitation layers for different regions of Ukraine and correlation coefficients were obtained. The use of the cumulative exponential distribution makes it possible to obtain a synthetic curve of the volume of runoff to determine the volume of annual surface runoff that is subject to treatment at treatment facilities.
Determination of technogenic risks when using various water purification technologies
Authors: Uriadnikova Inga , Khoruzhy Viktor , Arhatenko Tetiana
Published: April 2024

In modern conditions, ensuring the reliability and safety of water supply systems is a primary task for the industrial economy and the safety of life of the population of Ukraine. Constant bombing and damage to critical infrastructure facilities, including water management facilities, endangers the stability and quality of the country's water resources. In this context, conducting research on the identification of man-made risks in water treatment systems using various technologies, as well as developing strategies to increase the reliability and safety of operation of water supply systems are becoming relevant for the industrial sector of Ukraine. In order to increase the reliability of water treatment units and their operational safety, man-made risks were investigated when using ion exchange, electrodialysis, and water distillation technologies at thermal power plants. It is shown that during normal operation of the ion-exchange water purification system with an average productivity of 400 m3/h, in the case of frequent changes in the concentration of salts at the inlet, the risk of receiving underpurified water is 0.0783. This value must be taken into account for the assessment of economic and social-ecological risks, since it exceeds the generally accepted value of 0.01. When using electrodialysis water purification and frequent changes in the concentration of salts at the inlet, the risk of receiving underpurified water is 0.0271. This value is also greater than 0.01 risk accepted as acceptable. The water distillation technology has enough margin to compensate for any deviations in the purification process and gives a very low risk. However, the distillation process is more effective in removing only soluble impurities, while in the case of suspended substances, in particular of organic origin, there is a risk of exceeding the limit of 0.01.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE POSSIBILITY OF RECONSTRUCTION OF THE TERRITORY OF THE ODESA RAILWAY STATION
Authors: Ovsiankin Oleksandr
Published: April 2024

The article considers the problems of locating large dead-end transport hubs in the city centre. Their interrelationships with the rest of the transport infrastructure and the impact on the overall planning structure of large cities. The article also discusses the problem of depressed areas formed by the main routes to dead-end stations. The article also considers possible options for development and prospects for integration of existing transport infrastructure facilities, taking into account the emergence of fundamentally new urban transport systems in large cities. The article presents an analysis of the history of the structure and examples of international experience.
Possibility of reconstruction or renovation of the Odesa transport system around the Odesa-Holovna railway station. One of the tasks of modern urban planning is to create the most comfortable connections, both between cities and countries, and in the city itself. When designing, reconstructing or restoring cities and towns, it is necessary to take into account the primary role of transport in determining the main planning axes and zoning of territories. A special role should be given to the ongoing analysis of the relevance of the existing transport structure and its relationship with the settlement and the city.
The purpose of this paper is to identify the possibility of forming or transforming the Odesa-Holovna station into a structural link between separate parts of the city.
The overall goal of this project is to create a modern, efficient and sustainable transport system in Odesa that will meet the needs of city residents, passengers and freight company owners, as well as contribute to the further development of the city and its infrastructure.
SACRED ARCHITECTURE OF BUDDHISM AND SHINTO BEFORE THE BEGINNING OF ACTIVE CULTURAL INTERACTION BETWEEN CHINA AND JAPAN
Authors: Parkhomchuk Mykhailo
Published: April 2024

The paper examines the sacred buildings of Chinese Buddhism and Japanese Shinto with the aim of identifying their characteristic features and differences prior to the onset of the active influence of Chinese civilization on Japan. The analysis is conducted in the aspect of the fundamental differences in the worldview between the Buddhist religious doctrine and the animistic beliefs of Shinto. Two authentic objects from both religious streams were chosen as examples: the monastery complex of the Foguang Temple (Shanxi Province, China), built in 857 AD, and the complex of the Ise Shrine (Mie Prefecture, Japan), constructed at different estimates from the 3rd to the 6th century AD. The Foguang Temple complex is characterized by a clear planning structure, imagery in compositional details, and discreteness in relation to the surrounding environment, as, according to Buddhist teachings, the surrounding world is a place of the soul's suffering. In the planning structure of the Ise Shrine complex, features of regular planning are only partially present, the imagery of the elements of the complex is not unambiguous, and a general characteristic is the synthesis with the surrounding environment, which, according to the nature of animistic worldview, is inherently sacred. The identified features have been reduced to several basic design principles that largely characterize the specified religious streams and, as a result, form the main difference in their architecture.
ON THE ISSUE OF EFFICIENT USE OF MONEY FROM THE ROAD FUND FOR MEASURES TO INCREASE THE LEVEL OF ROAD TRAFFIC SAFETY
Authors: Osypov Valentyn
Published: April 2024

A review of modern financial regulations regulating the allocation of budget funds for road safety measures made. An analysis of the distribution of funding and the filling of the road fund over a four-year period made. Identified inconsistencies in financing tasks related to increasing traffic safety. It established that 5% of the fund's budget or 1.63 billion hryvnias are the guaranteed allocations for road safety as of 2018. The main manager of these funds is the State Agency for Reconstruction and Development of Infrastructure of Ukraine (formerly - Ukravtodor). This institution distributes and approves allocations for traffic safety according to applications (budget requests for subvention) formed by the regions, which contain justification, physical and financial indicators that correspond to existing state regulations and departmental regulations of the specified institution. Proposals for harmonization are provided legislation. It concluded that one of the main causes of accidents is the low level of investment in improving the level of traffic safety. The need to develop a detailed, systematized description of social relations arising in the field of traffic safety, which are the object of normative and legal regulation by the state, has been identified.
THE FORMATION OF A COMPLEX APPROACH TO THE POST-WAR DRAWING UP OF A NEW GENERAL CITY PLAN
Authors: Tatarchenko Halyna , Porkuian Serhiy
Published: April 2024

The formation of a comprehensive approach to the post-war drafting of a new General Plan of the city, the design of urban development, the development of methodological principles for the application of the General Plan and its use for the restoration of urban development are considered. It was determined that in order to form a comprehensive approach to the post-war drafting of a new master plan of the city, it is necessary to take into account the experience of cities in Europe and the world. Using the example of the city of Severodonetsk, a number of steps are proposed that must be completed in order to draw up a strategy and plan for its socio-economic recovery and development. A SWOT analysis was obtained, which ensures the formation of approaches to the development of the General Plan on a scientific basis. Rational and economically beneficial sets of measures are proposed, which can provide the necessary comprehensive approach to the post-war drafting of a new master plan.
ON IMPROVING THE ACCURACY OF CARTOMETRIC AND MORPHOMETRIC COMPUTING METHODS IN THE GEOINFORMATION ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Kin Danylo
Published: April 2024

Determination of hydrographic characteristics on large-scale maps with maximum accuracy requires sufficient time and volume of cartometric work. The current level of geographic information systems (GIS) and computer technologies allows to reduce the volume of cartometric operations. The implementation of calculations of the morphometric characteristics of watercourses, reservoirs, and watersheds in the GIS environment ensures the determination of these properties regardless of the scale of maps, map projection, or distance from the axial meridian of a particular projection zone.
This article demonstrates the use of analytical and numerical methods for cartometric and morphometric calculations on the reference ellipsoid. The researched calculation methods determine the geodetic areas of geospatial objects with root mean square errors from 0,030 to 0,809 m2.
INTEGRATED RESEARCH TOOLS IN URBAN AND SPATIAL PLANNING
Authors: Kryvoruchko Olha
Published: April 2024

In working with urban projects, we are usually faced with the need to study the design object, regardless of its scale, significance and value in the city and the functions it performs. The larger the scale of the research object, the more voluminous our research becomes and, accordingly, requires a clear division into different layers and gradation in order of importance to simplify the conduct of the research itself and the ability to predict the expected results.
A classic way of analyzing large territorial, urban and spatial objects is a comprehensive urban planning analysis. However, today's urban and spatial studies go beyond urban planning analysis and require a synthesis with the methods of other social and humanitarian disciplines, going beyond mono-discipline into multidisciplinarity and complexity. Also, changes in values in urban and spatial design, when attention is focused on reuse, mixed use, programmatic design, sustainability and consideration of climate change, the importance of public spaces in the life of the city led to the use of another format of urban studies.
For urban objects of different sizes, such as a fragment of the city within the boundaries of the streets, a block, a combination of blocks, an undeveloped part of the city, a post-industrial area that is being revitalized, the author has created a list of seven layers necessary for analysis, which include physical, morphological, social and historical and cultural aspects of the study: 1) territory in the structure of the city, 2) functions and content, 3) accessibility and mobility, 4) morphology and buildings development, 5) inhabitants and stakeholders, 6) open spaces, 7) history and identity.
The characteristic features of this urban planning and spatial analysis are, firstly, a proposal at all levels of analysis to fix proposals for changes that will be detailed at the design phase. Secondly, at each layer of research, it is suggested to interact with residents and users and capture their feedback for each layer of analysis. These layers of analytical urban research can be supplemented depending on the complexity and specificity of the research object. And also depending on the direction and requests of the research, the expected results.
The Establishment and Development of Forensic Economic Examination in Ukraine
Authors: Horlachuk Alexei
Published: April 2024

Forensic economic examination, as a significant state institution, indirectly reflects the state of economic relations, as it studies them within the procedural field using the methodological foundations of economic sciences. The article’s purpose is to study the key stages of the development of forensic economic examination, depending on the evolution of economic relations. The author examines stages of forensic economic examination development using the criterion of the transformation of economic relations. By employing methods of analysis, synthesis, and generalization, the conditions for the development of forensic economic examination are identified at each stage, highlighting characteristic features and patterns. Due attention has been given to issues of economic property as the driving force behind economic relations. Since economic relations are directly linked to the issues of property rights, the outcomes of violations of these rights in the economic sphere are the subject of an investigation by forensic economic examination appointed by judicial investigative authorities. The author examines the leading system-forming blocks of forensic economic examination which form its essence and are in constant dynamic development and interconnection. The stages of the development of forensic accounting examination are analyzed, and the transformation of economic relations on a global and national scale is considered as a criterion for periodization.
Forensic Veterinary Medicine Methods for Determining Defects in Veterinary Care
Authors: Yatsenko Ivan
Published: April 2024

This research paper purpose is to develop forensic veterinary medicine to determine defects in veterinary care. General and special scientific methods were used to achieve the goal. The author’s methods of forensic veterinary medicine of defects in veterinary care carried out in five stages: familiarization and training one, managerial and informational ones, research and analytical ones, generalization and evaluation ones and final one. It has been proven that the forensic veterinary examination should determine the defect existence and provide conclusion on availability or lack of a cause-effect relation between the lack of veterinary care and a negative consequence for the animal and the main cause of such a consequence. Attention is focused on the fact that the forensic veterinary commission should assess timeliness, volume and validity of performed diagnostic and medical and tactical veterinary measures, correctness of surgical interventions or veterinary manipulations and their compliance with current regulatory documents. It is substantiated that the proposed author’s methods unify approaches to forensic research, minimizes subjectivity of forensic assessment of actions of veterinarians; expands the cognitive capabilities of pre-trial investigation bodies and the court; contributes to improvement of criminal and administrative legislation of Ukraine in terms of legal responsibility of veterinary workers for professional offenses. The key issues arising due to improper performance of professional duties by veterinarians  are highlighted and ways to their solving are proposed.
Legal Responsibility Issue of Forensic Expert in the Field of Law
Authors: Dziubak Kateryna
Published: April 2024

Changes to procedural legislation of Ukraine in 2017 added a new participant in lawsuit, namely: legal expert. Such an expert can be a person who has an academic degree and is a specialist in the field of law. Legislator did not put forward any other requirements for the new participant in lawsuit, that caused lively discussions, in particular, on the question of whether an expert in the field of law bears legal responsibility in general and what exactly. In view of the above, the purpose of this article is to determine the legal responsibility of forensic expert in the field of law. The methodological basis of the article is separate scientific methods of cognition, in particular: logical-semantic, systemic-functional, comparative-legal, structural-logical (reveals the issue of legal responsibility of an expert in the field of law) and methods of mathematical statistics (for quantitative comparative assessment and qualitative analysis of the obtained results). The article describes the rights and duties of an expert in the field of law, provided for by  procedural legislation of Ukraine. Comparison of the procedural status of a forensic expert conclusion in the field of law with the conclusion of forensic research was made. Possible types of offenses by an expert in the field of law are proposed to be systematized into three groups: civil, organizational, and procedural ones. Four types of legal responsibility of forensic expert in the field of law are characterized: disciplinary, civil, administrative and criminal ones.
Особливості грошового забезпечення військовослужбовців і додаткової винагороди в період дії воєнного стану в Україні
Authors: Okunevych Iryna
Published: April 2024

This paper intends to determine and systematize the basis, procedure, and conditions for accrual and financial compensation, as well as extra compensation for military personnel during martial law. The methodological basis of the research is a system of general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge, namely: dialectical, formal-logical, systemic-structural, and formal-dogmatic. The legal regulation of financial support and extra compensation for military personnel in Ukraine contains numerous legislative and by law norms. The lasting changes in the legislation, the development of scientific opinion regarding financial support, and the escalation of the war in Ukraine require the systematization of the grounds, procedure, and conditions for accrual and financial compensation, as well as extra compensation for military personnel during martial law. As a result of the study, the author’s own vision regarding the definition of the concept of financial support for military personnel is given. The main grounds, procedure, and conditions for accrual and financial compensation, as well as extra compensation for military personnel during martial law, have been established and systematized. A circle of controversial issues related to financial support and extra compensation, for the resolution of which the military personnel turns to the court, has been highlighted. The conclusions of the scientific research are based on an in-depth analysis of the current Ukrainian legislation, court practice and scientific literature, that reveal the issue on financial support and extra compensation for the military personnel. The results of the study can be used in the future for law-making, research activities of forensic institutions, practical activities, and other purposes.
Assessing the Russian-Chechen Wars and Their Impact on Regional Stability
Authors: Giorgobiani Teodore
Published: April 2024

The present article aims to systematically examine the Russian-Chechen wars from diverse perspectives, with the goal of cultivating a comprehensive understanding of issues pertaining to the behavioral dynamics of involved actors. The primary objectives encompass an in-depth analysis of the wars’ repercussions on regional stability, dissemination of awareness regarding the subject matter, and the formulation of discernible behavioral patterns within the Russian Federation. This article critically examines the influence of the Russian-Chechen wars that occurred in the 1990s and lasted for almost a decade. The conflicts between the Russian Federation and Chechen rebellions had a significant influence on regional stability during that period.Forensic examinations in cases involving the North Caucasus conflict contribute to establishing the truth. By thoroughly studying legal aspects and emphasizing the potential rights of the Chechens to self-determination, the legality of Russian intervention is called into question. Forensic experts’ conclusions capture frequent violations of humanitarian laws and human rights by both sides, leading to war crimes and crimes against humanity. In pursuit of exhaustive analyses delineating the intricacies of the conflict and its ramifications on political stability, the research method includes the adoption of a qualitative approach. This involves meticulous scrutiny of pertinent journal articles, research papers, scholarly publications, and examination of legal and historical documents. The article observes wars from various perspectives and tries to bring a comprehensive understanding of the results.
Forensic Road Technical Examination: State and Changes in Accordance with New Tasks of Expert Support of Justice
Authors: Pivnov Yevhen
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this article is to establish a scientific foundation for the significance of studying the formation and expansion of the subject matter in expert road technical research. This is aimed at enhancing the efficiency of specific expertise utilization in investigating criminal offenses related to the construction and repair of roads. Additionally, it focuses on determining damages resulting from the destruction of road infrastructure due to hostilities and other negative factors affecting the state of road infrastructure. The methodological basis of the study is grounded in the principles of the theory of cognition, enabling an exploration of the essence of the subject matter of road technical research. It involves the identification of factual data and circumstances related to criminal proceedings (formulating the concept of the subject matter of road technical examination depending on the tasks to be addressed) and the determination of objects, subjects, and research methods. A set of methods of scientific cognition is applied, including general scientific, individual, and special methodologies. The author outlines and scientifically substantiates the directions for forming the subject areas of forensic road technical examination. Based on the analysis of statistical data from expert practice, the author demonstrates an increase in both the number and complexity of road technical examinations performed. The genesis of changes in the boundaries of the subject matter of forensic road and technical research is clarified. Attention is focused on the close connection of the subject of forensic research with the tasks to be solved in connection with qualitative changes in crime and the challenges of war. The author proves the need for the development and implementation of the latest forensic research methods for use by an authorized person in the investigation of criminal offenses in the field of road infrastructure. The factors influencing the results of expert research are outlined. The author formulates proposals aimed at the more efficient use of specific expertise to ensure the detection and investigation of crimes, as well as to improve the results of the work of forensic experts. This is discussed in the context of developing a scientific and methodological framework for enhancing the primary form of application of specific expertise - forensic examination.
A Balance Between Tradition and Innovation: A Review of Teaching Methodologies in Modern Sunday Schools
Authors: Siregar Ivo Christiana
Published: April 2024

Religious education in modern Sunday schools faces challenges in achieving a balance between tradition and innovation in teaching methodology. This study aims to explore the significant differences between traditional and innovative approaches and their implications for children's faith growth. The method used is literature review to analyze relevant literature. The results point to the need to develop a balanced balance between these approaches to create inclusive and relevant learning environments for children. The implications of this research are the importance of developing an integrative learning model, using a case study approach and field research, and developing training programs for Sunday School teachers. With this implication in mind, this study makes a significant contribution to religious education practitioners, policy makers, and communities in creating learning environments that support children's faith growth holistically and sustainably.
Groundwater Potential Zone Assessment Using Remote Sensing, Geographical Information System (GIS), and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Techniques in Fogera Woreda, South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Getahun Belete
Published: April 2024

The study was conducted to know the groundwater potential zones in Fogera Woreda, south Gondar zone, Ethiopia. Through the utilization of the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), remote sensing, and geographic information system (GIS), the study identified groundwater potential zones. Ten thematic layers were analyzed to delineate the groundwater potential zones, including land use and land cover (LULC), topographic wetness index (TWI), drainage density, lineament density, geology, slope, rainfall, elevation, and soil texture. By determining the relative importance of each thematic layer through AHP and combining all thematic layers through overlay analysis in a GIS environment, the study revealed a spatial variation in the distribution of groundwater potential zones. The results showed that excellent groundwater potentials cover 2.02% of the study area, moderate groundwater potentials cover 45.54%, poor groundwater potentials cover 51.2%, and extremely poor groundwater potentials cover 1.24% of the study area. The study provides valuable information that can be used for decision-making processes and the development of appropriate groundwater management strategies in the region.
Classical Explanation of Absorption Spectra
Authors: Jadhav G. H.
Published: April 2024

This paper discusses the difficulties in interpreting the absorption spectra of a particular monoatomic gas filled in a chamber with perfectly reflective inner walls. If those gas atoms absorb photons of frequency ν from white light falling on them, how they can continue to absorb them cannot be explained on the lines of conservation of energy, which is always overlooked. This paper traces that there is something else here that is not yet understood. One thing that to understand is that if an atom produces a light wave of frequency ν, the electron that generated this wave due to its transition must oscillate at one place in the atom with that frequency which can be the natural frequency of that electron at that place. But no atomic model is in a position to support this. When a light wave of the same frequency interacts with the same electron of the atom, it should oscillate at the same frequency in resonance. But if there is a difference of 180 degrees between the light wave created by the oscillations of that electron and the light wave interacting that electron, no net wave can be created or come out, so a black line will appear at the frequency ν at absorption spectrum of gas of such atoms. No matter how long light is shone on that gas, this condition will remain forever.