bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial-temporal variation of extreme precipitation in the Yellow- Huai-Hai-Yangtze Basin of China：Past and Future
Authors: WANG Lichuan , Wang Jianhua , He Fan , Wang Qingming , Zhao Yong , Lu Peiyi , Huang Ya , Cui Hao , Deng Haodong , Jia Xinran
Published: March 2023

Climate warming leads to frequent extreme precipitation events, which is a prominent manifestation of the variation of the global water cycle. Using data of 1842 meteorological stations in the Huang-Huai-Hai-Yangtze River Basin and 7 climate models of CMIP6,the historical and future precipitation data were obtained using the Anusplin interpolation, BMA method, and a non-stationary deviation correction technique. The temporal and spatial variations of extreme precipitation in the four basins from 1960 to 2100 were analyzed. The correlation between extreme precipitation indices and their relationship with geographical factors was analyzed. The results show that: (1) in the historical period, CDD and R99pTOT showed an upward trend, with growth rates of 14.14% and 4.78%, respectively. PRCPTOT showed a downward trend, with a decreasing rate of 9.72%. Other indices showed minimal change. (2) Based on SSP1-2.6, the intensity, frequency, and duration of extreme precipitation changed by approximately 5% at SSP3-7.0 and 10% at SSP5-8.5. The sensitivity to climate change was the highest in spring and autumn. The drought risk decreased and the flood risk increased in spring. The drought risk increased in autumn and winter, and the flood risk increased in the alpine climate area of the plateau in summer. (3) CDD, CWD, R95pD, R99pD, and PRCPTOT are affected by latitude. RX1day and RX5day are affected by longitude, and other indices are affected by longitude and latitude. The extreme precipitation index is significantly correlated with geographical factors, and areas above 3000 m above sea level are more sensitive to climate change.
The effect of visual rivalry in peripheral head-mounted displays on mobility
Authors: Han Shui'er , Kim Sujin , Jung Jae-Hyun
Published: March 2023

Recent head-mounted displays and smart glasses use vision multiplexing, an optical approach where two or more views are superimposed on each other. In vision multiplexing, augmented information is presented over an observer’s natural field of view, providing field expansion and critical information during mobility situations like walking and driving. Yet despite its utility, vision multiplexing may produce visual rivalry, a phenomenon where perception alternates between the augmented information and the background scene for seconds at a time. To investigate, we compared the effect of different peripheral vision multiplexing configurations (unilateral opaque, unilateral see-through and bilateral see-through) on the detection of augmented information, incorporating at the same time real-world characteristics (target eccentricity, depth condition, and gaze movement) for a more realistic assessment. Results showed a persistently lower target detection rate in unilateral configurations than the bilateral configuration, suggesting a larger effect of binocular rivalry on target visibility. Nevertheless, this effect does become attenuated when more naturalistic elements are incorporated, and we discuss recommendations for vision multiplexing design and possible avenues for further research.
The FUS Test: A Promising Tool for Evaluating Fundamental Motor Skills in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Makaruk Hubert , Porter Jared Marak , Webster Kipling E. , Makaruk Beata , Bodasińska Anna , Zieliński Janusz , Tomaszewski Paweł , Nogal Marta , Szyszka Paulina , Starzak Marcin , Śliwa Marcin , Banaś Michał , Biegajło Michał , Chaliburda Agata , Gierczuk Dariusz , Suchecki Bogusz , Molik Bartosz , Sadowski Jerzy
Published: March 2023

Fundamental motor skills (FMS) are essential for enjoyable, confident and skillful participation in physical activity across the lifespan. Due to the alarming low level of FMS proficiency in children and adolescents worldwide, the development of motor competency is an urgent issue for physical education. The promotion and implementation of a systematic process of teaching and learning FMS should be a physical education priority. Accordingly, effective assessment tools for evaluating FMS should be adopted or developed. Because FMS assessment for both children and adolescents need further effective solutions, we proposed the Fundamental Motor Skill in Sport test (FUS) to assess FMS proficiency in students across primary and secondary education. The FUS test involves six sport skill-based tasks: hurdling, jumping rope, forward roll, ball bouncing, throwing and catching a ball, and kicking and stopping a ball. This selection of skills represents high transferability to a wide range of sports and life activities. The results of our study provide evidence that the FUS test is valid, reliable, and feasible to administer in school settings. Therefore, this tool test has the potential to support deliberate practice and improve motor competency by providing a standardized and structured approach to measuring FMS among school-aged students.
Decrease in maximum paced walking speed may predict hospitalization in community-dwelling older people with disabilities: Assessment of change over time is more useful than a single time point assessment
Authors: Hirai Tomoya , Kamide Naoto , Shigeta Kyo
Published: March 2023

Purpose

Walking speed is a useful predictor of hospitalization for community-dwelling older people. However, whether it is an effective predictor for disabled community-dwelling older people has not been clarified. This study aimed to investigate the association of walking speed with unexpected hospitalizations in community-dwelling older people with disabilities.

Methods

The participants were ambulatory, community-dwelling, older adults aged 65 years or older with disability. Comfortable and maximum walking speeds were measured at two time points, baseline and 3 months later. Furthermore, the change over time at 3 months in walking speed was also calculated. If the change in walking speed decreased more than 0.1 m/s, it was defined as walking speed decreased. The primary outcome was unexpected hospitalization during 4-year follow-up. The associations among baseline walking speed, walking speed decline, and hospitalization were analyzed using Cox regression analysis adjusted for potential confounding factors.

Results

Ninety-three people were included, and unexpected hospitalization occurred in 47 people during 4-year follow-up. On Cox regression analysis adjusted for potential confounding factors, only the maximum walking speed decrease was significantly associated with hospitalization (Hazard ratio = 2.53, 95% confidence interval: 1.23–5.21], but not baseline walking speed and comfortable walking speed decrease.

Conclusion

As for the assessment of walking speed for prediction of unexpected hospitalization in disabled older people, measurement at a single time point is not useful, whereas change over time is. Monitoring of change over time in maximum walking speed appears to be one of the indicators for the health management of disabled older people.
Landslide risk evaluation method of open-pit mine based on numerical simulation of large deformation of landslide
Authors: Jia Lan , Wang Jiaqi , Gao Shisong , Fang Linhao , Wang Dong
Published: March 2023

It is of great practical significance to carry out quantitative risk assessment of landslide disaster to protect people 's lives and property safety and maintain the sustainable development of social economy. The delineation of landslide disaster range is the key link of landslide risk evaluation in open-pit mine. This study took the open-pit mine in a block of Tar coalfield in Pakistan as the research background, and constructed a framework for landslide risk evaluation in open-pit mines. Based on the numerical simulation method of large deformation of landslide, the disaster range of landslide in open-pit mine was delineated. The stability of stope slope was analyzed based on rigid body limit equilibrium method. The probability of landslide instability was calculated based on Monte Carlo method. And the comprehensive fuzzy evaluation model was established to calculate the total risk value of landslide. The results showed that : through numerical simulation and empirical formula calculation, the landslide disaster range was accurately delineated, and the comprehensive vulnerability of the disaster bearing body was determined to be medium vulnerability ; the annual probability of landslide instability under natural conditions was 0.003, which belongs to moderate risk. The annual probability of landslide instability under rainstorm conditions was 0.024, which was highly dangerous ; the annual probability of landslide instability under seismic conditions was 0.018, which was highly dangerous. Under natural conditions, the total risk value of landslide was 114686.4 rmb, and the annual mortality rate of population was 0.0255 people / year. The total risk value of landslide under rainstorm condition was 11707570 rmb, and the annual mortality rate of population was 0.18375 people / year. The total risk value of landslide under earthquake condition was 43007400 rmb, and the annual mortality rate of population was 0.135 person / year, which was an unacceptable risk. The economic loss was a small geological disaster risk under natural conditions, and it was a medium-sized geological disaster risk under both rainstorm and earthquake conditions. Therefore, landslide prevention and control and management measures such as slope deformation monitoring were proposed to ensure the safety of personnel and property in open-pit mines.
Reduced levels of N6-methyladenosine in RNA of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Li Ran , Xu Tongxiao , Cai Gaomei , Li Wei , Qi Youfu , Xiao Xiangrong , Chen Jianyun , Lv Zhanyun , Hao Yanlei
Published: March 2023

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia, yet its underlying causes remain unknown. Increasing evidence supports a role for epigenetic modifications in AD pathogenesis. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most common RNA modification, is critical for learning and memory, and its abnormal presence has been observed in the brains of AD patients and animal models.
Methods To compare levels of m6A in RNA as well as expression of the responsible enzymes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) between AD patients and healthy controls. 42 AD patients and 42 age-matched healthy controls were prospectively enrolled from the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University. m6A levels in RNA were quantified and expressions of m6A-related proteins and mRNA were examined. Genome-wide profiling of m6A-tagged transcripts was performed by m6A-modified RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing and RNA sequencing.
Results Lower levels of m6A in PBMCs RNA in AD patients compared to controls, as well as downregulation of m6A methyltransferase and demethylase components. Dysregulation of m6A was associated with upregulation of m6A at 230 loci and downregulation at 163 loci, resulting in altered expression of disease-related genes.
Conclusion Dysregulation of m6A in RNA may play a role in AD pathogenesis and may provide new avenues for diagnosis and treatment.
Subcutaneous Immunoglobulin 16.5% (Cutaquig®) in Primary Immunodeficiency Disease: Safety, Tolerability, Efficacy, and Patient Experience With Enhanced Infusion Regimens
Authors: Gupta Sudhir , DeAngelo James , Melamed Isaac , Walter Jolan E. , Kobayashi Ai-Lan , Bridges Tracy , Sublett J. Wesley , Bernstein Jonathan A. , Koterba Alan , Manning Michael , Maltese Joanna , Hoeller Sonja , Turpel-Kantor Eva , Kreuwel Huub , Kobayashi Roger H.
Published: March 2023

Purpose
To achieve reductions in infusion time, infusion sites, and frequency, a prospective, open-label, multicenter, Phase 3 study evaluated the safety, efficacy, and tolerability of subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIG) 16.5% (Cutaquig®, Octapharma) at enhanced infusion regimens.
Methods
Three separate cohorts received SCIG 16.5% evaluating volume, rate, and frequency: Cohort 1) volume assessment/site: up to a maximum 100 mL/site; Cohort 2) infusion flow rate/site: up to a maximum of 100 mL/hr/site or the maximum flow rate achievable by the tubing; Cohort 3) infusion frequency: every other week at twice the patient’s weekly dose.
Results
For Cohort 1 (n = 15), the maximum realized volume per site was 108 mL/site, exceeding the currently labeled (US) maximum (up to 40 mL/site for adults). In Cohort 2 (n = 15), the maximum realized infusion flow rate was 67.5 mL/hr/site which is also higher than the labeled (US) maximum (up to 52 mL/hr/site). In Cohort 3 (n = 34), the mean total trough levels for every other week dosing demonstrated equivalency to weekly dosing (p value = 0.0017). All regimens were well tolerated. There were no SBIs. Most patients had mild (23.4%) or moderate (56.3%) adverse events. The majority of patients found the new infusion regimens to be better or somewhat better than their previous regimens and reported that switching to SCIG 16.5% was easy.
Conclusions
SCIG 16.5% (Cutaquig®), infusions are efficacious, safe, and well tolerated with reduced infusion time, fewer infusion sites, and reduced frequency. Further, the majority of patients found the new infusion regimens to be better or somewhat better than their previous regimens.
Prenatal diagnosis of cleft lip and palate: a study of clinical utility
Authors: Zhang Yan , Wang Degang , Wang Degang , Lu Jian , Yin Aihua , Tan Haowen , Lu Jiaqi , Ji Xueqi , Ding Hongke , Liu Qian , Tang Hui , Wang Limin , Huang Yanlin , Zhang Victor Wei , Wang Chunli , Liu Fenghua
Published: March 2023

Background
When a fetus was found has cleft lip palate (CL/P) by prenatal anatomical ultrasound assessment, it is difficult to determine the CL/P is isolated or companied with other animalities such as intellectual disability. We preformed comprehensive genetic test to support prenatal genetic counselling for CL/P fetus which is detected by ultrasound screening.
Results
105 unrelated fetuses with CL/P were enrolled. After excluding aneuploidy cases, SNP array and clinical exome sequencing (CES) were preformed simultaneously. All the fetuses were followed-up. Fetuses with CL/P were divided into two groups, cleft lip (CL)and cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP/CLP). The detection rate was 12.4% (13/105) of the cases, in which SNP array contributed 3.8% (4/105) while CES added 8.6% yields. The positive rate of the CL group was lower than that of the CP/CLP group (0% (0/23) versus 15.9% (13/82), P = 0.067). CP/CLP with additional anomalies has higher positive rate than that of the apparently isolated CP/CLP (53.3% (8/15) versus 7.5% (5/67), P < 0.001). Furthermore, midline or bilateral CP/CLP had different yields in subgroups of CP/CLP. The rate of termination of pregnancy in positive group is much higher than that of the negative group (84.6% (11/13) versus 36.9% (31/84)).
Conclusions
Prenatal diagnosis with SNP array companied with CES was helpful for etiology analysis of fetuses with CL/P. Genetic etiology analysis was more valuable for CP/CLP than for CL. Moreover, SNP array companied with CES could change the clinical outcome for prenatal CL/P fetuses and reduce the residual risk for negative cases.
COVID-19 Resulted in Classrooms Without Walls: What can Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (PCK) Offer?
Authors: Bedeker Michelle
Published: March 2023

The pandemic resulted in countless tips about how technology can replace face-to-face instruction. This paper illustrates how pedagogical philosophies can impact online course decisions and how a PCK frame offers a gateway for thinking about epistemological access and social justice during Emergency Online Teaching (EOT). This research followed an intrinsic case study design including multiple data sets that were analyzed through inductive, deductive, and axial coding before generalizing patterns across students' reflective journals, FlipGrid recordings, daily tasks, and end-of-course feedback. The results showed that a collaborative online community of practice, self-directed learning, and integrated assessment provided student access and encouraged voice and engagement. Thus, post-COVID-19 PCK holds potential for instructional design and emancipatory online pedagogies in higher education.
Neuroprotective effects of ferrostatin and necrostatin against entorhinal amyloidopathy- induced electrophysiological alterations mediated by voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in the dentate gyrus granular cells
Authors: Naderi Soudabeh , Motamedi Fereshteh , Pourbadie Hamid Gholami , Rafiei Shahrbanoo , Khodagholi Fariba , Naderi Nima , Janahmadi Mahyar
Published: March 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is the main form of dementia. Abnormal deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides in neurons and synapses cause neuronal loss and cognitive deficits. We have previously reported that ferroptosis and necroptosis were implicated in Aβ25−35 neurotoxicity, and their specific inhibitors had attenuating effects on cognitive impairment induced by Aβ25−35 neurotoxicity. Here, we aimed to examine the impact of ferroptosis and necroptosis inhibition following the Aβ25−35 neurotoxicity on the neuronal excitability of dentate gyrus (DG) and the possible involvement of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in their effects. After inducing Aβ25−35 neurotoxicity, electrophysiological alterations in the intrinsic properties and excitability were recorded by the whole-cell patch-clamp under current-clamp condition. Voltage-clamp recordings were also performed to shed light on the involvement of calcium channel currents. Aβ25−35 neurotoxicity induced a considerable reduction in input resistance (Rin), accompanied by a profoundly decreased excitability and a reduction in the amplitude of voltage-gated calcium channel currents in the DG granule cells. However, three days of administration of either ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), a ferroptosis inhibitor, or Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1), a necroptosis inhibitor, in the entorhinal cortex could almost preserve the normal excitability and the Ca2+ currents. In conclusion, these findings suggest that ferroptosis and necroptosis involvement in EC amyloidopathy could be a potential candidate to prevent the suppressive effect of Aβ on the Ca2+ channel current and neuronal function, which might take place in neurons during the early stages of AD.
Targeting Liver Metastases to Potentiate Immunotherapy In MS-stable colorectal cancer- A Scoping Review of Literature
Authors: Zlotnik Oran , Krzywon Lucyna , Kalil Jennifer , Bloom Jessica , Tubi Ikhtiyar Al , Lazaris Anthoula , Metrakos Peter
Published: March 2023

While Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of several cancers such as lung cancer, melanoma, and other cancers, most colorectal cancer patients remain resistant. This resistance to immunotherapy may partially stem from the fact that colorectal cancer very commonly metastasizes to the liver. The liver is known to play an immunotolerant role in in other contexts such as organ transplantation, viral disease, and autoimmune disease. Recent studies reveal the mechanisms in which liver metastases restrict the efficacy of immunotherapy. This effect was shown to be reversable in colorectal cancer mice models, when colorectal liver metastases were irradiated. It is possible that targeting liver metastases with locoregional therapies such as ablation, resection or irradiation may reverse the immunosuppressive effect of liver microenvironment and potentiate immunotherapy systemically. During the past decade, several clinical trials are trying to extrapolate the results achieved in animal model to clinical trials by combining immunotherapy with locoregional therapy. In this scoping review, the current clinical and translational literature was surveyed, to determine whether there is evidence to support the validity of this concept in human patients. If indeed immunotherapy can be potentiated for MS- Stable colorectal cancer utilizing locoregional interventions, a wide array of innovative protocols can be utilized to help cancer patients who have no other available treatment options and thus revolutionize the treatment of cancer patients with liver metastases.
Predictors of Stages of Adoption for Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Primary Care Patients in Turkey
Authors: DÖNMEZ Elif , TOPTANER Nadire ERCAN , ATA Elvan Emine , DÜLGER Zeynep , ACAR Onur
Published: March 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Evaluation of an app-based food frequency questionnaire: Comparison with 24-hour dietary recalls among women in two rural areas of Kenya
Authors: Kishino Madoka , Hida Azumi , Kariuki Lucy , Maundu Patrick , Irie Kenji , Morimoto Yasuyuki
Published: March 2023

Background
An initiative aimed at improving nutrition intervention programs by providing food consumption data for better decision-making and promoting local foods has led to the development of an application-based food assessment tool called the Agrobiodiversity and Diet Diagnosis for Interventions Toolkit (ADD-IT). A new food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was developed based on our previous study, which included 49 dishes and food items and asked about their frequency of consumption and portion size with photos. This study aimed to evaluate the validity of the FFQ.
Methods
We compared the estimated intake of energy, macro- and micronutrients, and food groups collected with the ADD-IT-based FFQ for one month with the estimated intake by means of nonconsecutive two-day 24-hour dietary recalls (24hDRs) of food consumption among women aged 19–70 years (mean = 33.7) in two rural areas—Kitui and Vihiga—in Kenya (N = 179). Spearman's rank correlation coefficients, cross-classification agreement, and Bland-Altman plots were used to assess the validity of the FFQ against the 24hDRs. Food consumption patterns for different communities were characterized by the FFQ and 24hDRs using the Mann-Whitney U test to ensure consistency in the results.
Results
The correlation coefficients ranged from low (-0.062) to moderate (0.479) between the FFQ and 24hDR. On median, approximately 71% of participants were correctly classified into the same or adjacent quartile, while 9% were misclassified by estimated nutrient intake from the FFQ. Bland-Altman plots ensured that there was no significant systematic bias for energy and macronutrients. The FFQ identified each community’s characteristic food consumption patterns as almost the same as those of the 24hDRs.
Conclusions
The newly developed app-based FFQ can be used to rank or classify individuals within each population according to their dietary intake and estimate the characteristics of their food intake patterns. However, selective reporting errors exist for specific foods. Several suggestions have been made to reduce such errors and improve the validation.
Anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in healthcare students
Authors: Luz Adriana Gomes , Gazzoli Emily , Juliato Cássia Raquel Teatin , Tanaka Erika Zambrano Tanaka , Angelini Carina Fernanda Robles , Mazzola Priscila Gava , Surita Fernanda Garanhani de Castro
Published: March 2023

Background: The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic corroborated a state of mental stress worldwide, in health students like health professionals, so it is essential to analyze the emotional stability of these students.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate depression and anxiety among undergraduate healthcare students using validated scales, in addition to knowing their reactions and perceptions about the implementation of emergency remote education (ERS) in this period of isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS: We invited by institutional e-mail, healthcare students regularly enrolled at the University of Campinas. After agreement and consent, a google form link was sent to access the data collection form.
RESULTS: We sent 1204 invitations and 270 (22.4%) students agreed to participate (medicine 17.4%, nursing 19.3%, pharmacy 36.3%, and phonoaudiology 27%). Most participants were female (83%), up to 22 years of age (63%), white (69%), and between the first and third years of the course (64. 5%). Regarding remote education, 51.1% of participants reported having some degree of difficulty to follow up. Regarding the perception of social relationships, 37.8% considered themselves to be compromised, and 72.2% reported not feeling able to act in the COVID pandemic. Regarding mental health, 74% had high levels of anxiety, and 37% had moderate or severe depression.
CONCLUSION: Healthcare students had high levels of severe anxiety and moderate/severe depression. Dissatisfaction with remote education contributed to the increase in depression rates in all courses. Healthcare students’ needs future strategies for mental health during pandemic conditions.
Primary care provider perspectives on the role of community pharmacy in colorectal cancer screening: A qualitative study
Authors: Brenner Alison T , Rohweder Catherine L. , Wangen Mary , Atkins Dana L. , Ceballos Rachel M. , Correa Sara , Ferrari Renée M. , Issaka Rachel B. , Ittes Annika , Odebunmi Olufeyisayo , Reuland Daniel S. , Waters Austin R. , Wheeler Stephanie B. , Shah Parth D.
Published: March 2023

Background
The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) lists 32 grade A or B recommended preventive services for non-pregnant United States (US) adults, including colorectal cancer screening (CRC). Little guidance is given on how to implement these services with consistency and fidelity in primary care. Given limited patient visit time and competing demands, primary care providers (PCPs) tend to prioritize a small subset of these recommendations. Completion rates of some of these services, including CRC screening, are suboptimal. Expanding delivery of preventive services to other healthcare providers, where possible, can improve access and uptake, particularly in medically underserved areas or populations. Fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) (at-home, stool-based testing) for CRC screening can be distributed and resulted without PCP involvement. Pharmacists have long delivered preventive services (e.g., influenza vaccination) and may be a good option for expanding CRC screening delivery using FIT, but it is not clear how PCPs would perceive this expansion.
Methods
We used semi-structured interviews with PCPs in North Carolina and Washington state to assess perceptions and recommendations for a potential pharmacy-based FIT distribution program (PharmFIT™). Transcripts were coded and analyzed using a hybrid inductive-deductive content analysis guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to elucidate potential multi-level facilitators of and barriers to implementation of PharmFIT™.
Results
We completed 30 interviews with PCPs in North Carolina (N = 12) and Washington (N = 18). PCPs in both states were largely accepting of PharmFIT™, with several important considerations. First, PCPs felt that pharmacists should receive appropriate training for identifying patients eligible and due for FIT screening. Second, a clear understanding of responsibility for tracking tests, communication, and, particularly, follow-up of positive test results should be established and followed. Finally, clear electronic workflows should be established for relay of test result information between the pharmacy and the primary care clinic.
Conclusion
If the conditions are met regarding pharmacist training, follow-up for positive FITs, and transfer of documentation, PCPs are likely to support PharmFIT™ as a way for their patients to obtain and complete CRC screening using FIT.
Decision tree predictive model for dimensional control of side flange bearing housings
Authors: Soares Rafael Gonçalves , Dalpra Gabriella , Silva Alisson
Published: March 2023

This paper introduces a prediction model based on machine learning techniques for dimensional control in the manufacturing process of side flange bearing housings, according to the technical standard DIN 31693. The process is implemented in a journal-bearing manufacturing industry positioned among the three brands with the highest participation in the international market in 2023. The manufacturing process consists of rigid machining processes composed of a universal horizontal machining center and dimensional control composed of a coordinate measuring machine. After machining, the piece is measured, and its dimensional report is generated. Qualified professionals use deviations obtained from this report to support the decision-making. The method used is based on the holistic monitoring of the surface geometry of the machined piece. The approach used to compensate for dimensional deviations is based on monitoring and modeling the total deviation. In this context, the effects of all sources of systematic errors are compensated regardless of their origin. The heuristic is used for the steps that make up the decision-making process. The way to implement the predictive model in the production line is based on the interaction between human and machine experience. This paper proposes using the regression decision trees for defining the displacement parameters of the machining center axes from the dimensional results of housings obtained in the coordinate measuring machine. The model is validated if the mean absolute error is less than or equal to 0.003mm. A comparison between an assembled model is performed to verify the performance between different predictive models.
Emerging Electric or Magnetic Parts of Weyl Tensor on PNDP- Manifold
Authors: Sati Monika , Petwal K. C. , Pigazzini Alexander , Ozel Cenap , Bisht Manoj Singh , Linker Patrick
Published: March 2023

In the present paper, we study the PNDP- manifold, which has shown to be effective in applications, particularly in the field of general relativity, by introducing a new topological approach to the emergent electric or magnetic parts associated to the Weyl tensor. The working hypothesis in this study is that the electric or magnetic parts of the Weyl tensor are the dimensions of the PNDP - manifold and the interaction that emerges as ”virtual” pointlike manifolds and as a manifold with positive/ negative dimensions results in the generation of the purely electric or purely magnetic parts of the Weyl tensor. The PNDP metric for the electric or magnetic parts of the Weyl tensor is also derived.
The generalized Lorentz transformations on the PNDP manifold are introduced. These can give rise to novel forms of gauge theories if we consider local Lorentz transformations. Also we briefly show that principal fiber bundles with PNDP manifolds as base manifolds can be constructed.
Mathematics Subject classifiction (2010): 53C25; 83C99; 53A45; 53B50
Interface Engineering Induced NiFe/Ni-Mo-S@CC Heterostructure with excellent OER and HER performance
Authors: Gong Zhangquan , Cheng Wentao , Fang Zheng , Li Na , Qin Yanmin , Wang Xing , Bao Haifeng
Published: March 2023

The development of high-efficiency, low-cost and stable noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for water splitting is essential for the sustainable production of hydrogen. Herein, hierarchical Ni-Mo-S nanosheet decorated by NiFe alloy nanoparticle grown on carbon cloth (NiFe/Ni-Mo-S@CC) is designed as bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting. Benefiting from the strong synergistic effect between NiFe alloy and Ni-Mo-S, the NiFe/Ni-Mo-S@CC heterostructure exhibits superior electrocatalytic activity with extremely low overpotentials of 161 mV for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at 10 mA cm-2 and 72 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at 10 mA cm-2, respectively. In addition, the alkaline electrolyzer with NiFe/Ni-Mo-S@CC as both cathode and anode yield a low cell voltage of only 1.49 V to reach the current density of 10 mA cm-2. The formation of NiFe/Ni-Mo-S@CC heterostructure provides an efficient way to develop catalysts for water splitting.
COVID-19 Infection and Dementia: Analyses of time-varying risk, subtypes, and subpopulations from the UK Biobank
Authors: Cao Yaying , Feng Chengwu , Chen Jing , Liu Yunman , Sheng Aili , Li Shuai , Hu Yonghua , Yuan Changzheng , Xie Junqing , Zong Geng
Published: March 2023

Background
Although COVID-19 patients were suggested to experience worse cognitive outcomes, there is a paucity of evidence on time-varying risk of dementia, especially the subtypes, as well as among critical subpopulations.
Methods
Out of over 50000 individuals from general population in the UK Biobank, SARS-COV-2 infected patients between March 1, 2020, and July 31, 2021 and maximally 5:1 propensity score matched contemporary non-infected individuals were selected, with baseline dementia excluded. Matching was done on demographic characteristics, lifestyle, and comorbidities. Dementia was captured according to primary care, inpatient records, and death registry, with the follow-up ending at the earliest of outcome occurrence, death, or August 31, 2021. Associations were evaluated using time-varying hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs).
Results
With a mean age of 64.5 years for 18032 COVID-19 patients and 83,008 controls, participants were followed for a median of 247 (IQR: 204–305) days and 255 dementia cases occurred, including 90 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) cases and 42 vascular dementia (VaD) cases. Compared with matched controls, dementia risk declined drastically after COVID-19 infection and sustained for all-cause dementia, VaD, and other dementia. During the acute phase (first 30 days), COVID-19 infection was associated with increased risks of dementia, with HRs (95% CIs) being 12.77 (6.77, 24.08) for all-cause dementia, 9.21 (2.77, 30.59) for AD, 5.53 (1.69, 18.11) for VaD, and 25.35 (8.74, 73.56) for other dementia. Among those not hospitalized within 30 days of enrollment, elevated dementia risk remained for all-cause dementia, VaD, and other dementia, with ORs being 1.82, 4.55, and 1.64, respectively. Among most of the subpopulations classified by demographic characteristics, APOE genotype, and comorbidities (except for those with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases at enrollment), COVID-19 infection was associated with an elevated all-cause dementia risk and no modification effect was detected.
Conclusions
Declined yet sustained elevated dementia risk since COVID-19 infection was found and vascular risk factors may need extra attention during the long-term follow-up. Increased dementia risk from COVID-19 infection also applied for the non-hospitalized during the acute phase and most subpopulations. The potential dementia risk associated with Omicron and newer variants warrants further evaluation.
An Attention-Erasing Stripe Pyramid Network for Face Forgery Detection
Authors: Hu ZhenWu , Duan Qianyue , Zhang PeiYu , Tao Huanjie
Published: March 2023

ace forgery detection aims to distinguish between real and fake facial images or videos by identifying manipulated or forged visual media. The main challenge in face forgery detection is achieving high model generalization ability, i.e., satisfactory performance under cross-database scenarios where the training and testing datasets are from different forgery methods. To achieve this goal, this paper presents an Attention-Erasing Stripe Pyramid Network (ASPNet) to utilize high-frequency noises and exploit both the RGB and fine-grained frequency clues. First, since separately extracting features from different scales and granularities will ignore their complementarity, we employ a Stripe Pyramid Block (SPB) to learn multi-scale and multi-granularity features simultaneously. Second, to make the model to focus on useful information and suppress noise, a Two-Stage Attention Block (TSAB) is introduced by combining spatial attention and channel attention to filter out the pixel-wise and channel-wise noise in the learned feature maps. Finally, to dynamically guide the model to pay attention to different areas of the human face, an Attention Erasing (AE) scheme is adopted by randomly erasing units in attention maps. Sufficient experiments demonstrate that ASPNet has superior performance than F3-Net on the FaceForensics++ dataset. The Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) and the Accuracy (ACC) of our model reach 77.4% and 70.85% respectively, whichare improved by 0.83% and 1.28% compared with F3-Net. Our code is available at: https://github.com/NWPU-Zwu.
Breakfast Practices in Malaysia, Nutrient Intake and Diet Quality: A Study Based on the Malaysian Food Barometer
Authors: Mognard Elise , Sanubari Theresia Pratiwi Elingsetyo , Alem Yasmine , Yuen Jan Lee , Ragavan Neethianhantan Ari , Noor Ismail Mohd , Poulain Jean-Pierre
Published: March 2023

Background
Breakfast is often referred to as the “most important meal of the day” in shaping diet quality. This study evaluated the percentage contribution of breakfast to the energy and nutrient intakes of Malaysian adults.
Objective
To establish patterns of breakfast consumption in Malaysia and assess its contribution to the overall quality of the diet.
Methods
This study used the 24-hour recall data from the nationally representative and cross-sectional Malaysian Food Barometer (second data collection, 2018) to assess breakfast intake among Malaysians aged 18 years and above (n = 1604). Diet quality was measured using the Nutrient Rich Food index (NRF) 9.3. The nutritional profile of breakfast was compared across tertiles of NRF9.3.
Results
According to the breakfast definition set by the authors, overall, 89% of Malaysians consume breakfast. Breakfast was found to provide on average 473 kcal and ~ 26% of the daily energy. Within the Malaysian daily diet rich in fat, saturated fat and total sugar, breakfast appeared to be particularly high in sugar, sodium and saturated fat. Conversely, intakes of fiber, potassium, calcium, vitamins C, D, folate, iron, zinc, and magnesium are low. When breakfast eaters were classified into tertiles of daily dietary quality using the NRF Index, the intakes at breakfast of total sugar, total fat and sodium tended to decrease across the tertiles while the intakes of vitamins and minerals increased.
Conclusion
This study revealed that the majority of the population are regular breakfast eaters. However, the breakfasts consumed by Malaysian adults were found to be nutritionally unbalanced. This analysis could serve as a basis for nutrient recommendations grounded on the existing social and cultural breakfast patterns.
The application of enhanced recovery after surgery in total gastrectomy: a propensity score matched analysis
Authors: Yoshikawa Kozo , Shimada Mitsuo , Tokunaga Takuya , Nakao Toshihiro , Nishi Masaaki , Takasu Chie , Kashihara Hideya , Wada Yuma , Yoshimoto Toshiaki
Published: March 2023

Background
This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and safety of our enhanced recovery after surgery protocol including early oral intake and omitting nasogastric tube (NGT) placement after total gastrectomy.
Methods
We analyzed 182 consecutive patients who underwent total gastrectomy. The clinical pathway was dramatically changed in 2015 and patients were divided into 2 groups (conventional group and modified group). Postoperative complications, bowel movement, and postoperative hospital stays were compared in two groups in all cases and propensity score matching (PSM).
Results
Flatus and defecation were significantly earlier in the modified group compared with those in the conventional group (flatus: 2(1-5) days vs 3(2-12) days p=0.03, defecation: 4(1-14) days vs 6(2-12) days p=0.04). The postoperative hospital stay was 18(6-90) days in the conventional group and 14(7-74) days in the modified group (p=0.009). The discharge criteria met day was earlier in the modified group compared with that in the conventional group (10(7-69) days vs 14(6-84) days p=0.01). Overall and severe complications occurred in nine patients (12.6%) and three patients (4.2%) in the conventional group and twelve patients (10.8%) and four patients (3.6%) in the modified group, respectively (p=0.70 and p=0.83) in all cases. In PSM, there is no significant difference between the two groups concerning the postoperative complications (overall complication 6 (12.5%) vs 8 (16.7%) p=0.56, severe complications 1 (2%) vs 2 (4.2%) p=0.83)
Conclusions
Modified ERAS for total gastrectomy were feasible and safe.
Treatment of hydrocephalus following posterior fossa tumor resection: a multicenter collaboration from the Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network
Authors: Dewan Michael C. , Isaacs Albert M. , Cools Michael , Yengo-Kahn Aaron , Naftel Robert P. , Jensen Hailey , Reeder Ron , Holubkov Richard , Haizel-Cobbina Joseline , Riva-Cambrin Jay , Jafrani Ryan , Pindrik Jonathan , Jackson Eric M. , Judy Brendan , Kurudza Elena , Pollack Ian , Mcdowell Michael M. , Hankinson Todd C. , Staulcup Susan , Hauptman Jason , Hall Koko , Tamber Mandeep , Cheong Alex , Warsi Nebras M. , Rocque Brandon G. , Saccomano Benjamin , Snyder Rita , Kulkarni Abhaya V. , Kestle John R. W. , Wellons John C.
Published: March 2023

Objective
Persistent hydrocephalus following posterior fossa brain tumor (PFBT) resection is a common cause of morbidity in pediatric brain tumor patients, for which the optimal treatment is debated. The purpose of this study was to compare treatment outcomes between VPS and ETV in patients with persistent hydrocephalus following surgical resection of a PFBT.
Methods
A post-hoc analysis was performed of the Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network (HCRN) prospective observational study evaluating VPS and ETV for pediatric patients. Children who experienced hydrocephalus secondary to PFBT from 2008 to 2021 were included. Primary outcomes were VPS/ETV treatment failure and time-to-failure (TTF).
Results:
Among 241 patients, the VPS (183) and ETV (58) groups were similar in age, extent of tumor resection, and preoperative ETV Success Score. There was no difference in overall treatment failure between VPS and ETV (33.9% vs 31.0%, p=0.751). However, mean TTF was shorter for ETV than VPS (0.45 years vs 1.30 years, p=0.001). While major complication profiles were similar, compared to VPS, ETV patients had relatively higher incidence of minor CSF leak (10.3% vs. 1.1%, p=0.003) and pseudomeningocele (12.1% vs 3.3%, p=0.02). No ETV failures were identified beyond 3 years, while shunt failures occurred beyond 5 years. Shunt infections occurred in 5.5% of the VPS cohort.
Conclusions
ETV and VPS offer similar overall success rates for PFBT-related postoperative hydrocephalus. ETV failure occurs earlier, while susceptibility to VPS failure persists beyond 5 years. Tumor histology and grade may be considered when selecting the optimal means of CSF diversion.
Imbricated Beachrock Deposits Adjacent to the Java Trench, Indonesia: Influence of Tsunami and Storm Waves
Authors: Harris Ronald A , Meservy William , Sulaeman Hanif , Bunds Michael , Andreini Jeremy , Sharp Brierton , Barrett Bryce , Whitehead Jared , Carver Garrett , Setiadi Gelang , Hapsoro Satrio , Prasetyadi Carolus
Published: March 2023

We discovered several Imbricate Beachrock Deposits (IBD), one of which was observed to have formed during the tsunami caused by the 1994 7.8 Mw earthquake in East Java. Similar IBD were also found along the southern coastlines of central Java, Bali, Lombok, Sumba, Kisar, Leti and Nailaka Islands. The largest imbricated beachrock slabs are around 3m3. Most IBD are composed of thin, rectangular (2.5 x 1.7 x 0.4 m) slabs of calcareous beachrock dislodged from the intertidal platform during one or several powerful wave impactions. Ages of coral boulders incorporated into the IBD match with historical records of known tsunamigenic earthquakes offshore and candidate paleotsunami sand deposit ages onshore. To test for the influence of storms on the IBD we measured the positions of boulders over a 3-year period at one site by overlaying digital surface models created from UAV surveys. During the 3 years there were multiple uncommonly high wave events including two tropical cyclones. Around 113 individual beachrock slabs of the approximately 1220 slabs in the IBD were moved slightly or flipped within the deposit, but no conclusive evidence exists for addition or removal of beachrock slabs. The combination of data from various sources favors the hypothesis that the IBD are emplaced by tsunamis. If this is the case, then the IBD provide a durable record of previous tsunamis that should be incorporated into tsunami risk assessments for the highly populated coastlines of the eastern Sunda and Banda Arcs. We estimate from tsunami models that at least 6 million people inhabit likely inundation zones of worst-case scenario tsunamis generated by a Java Trench mega-thrust earthquake.
Long-term outcomes of the nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide-66 cage versus the titanium mesh cage for anterior reconstruction of thoracic and lumbar corpectomy: a retrospective study with at least 7 years of follow-up
Authors: Hu Bowen , Wang Liang , Song Yueming , Yang Xi , Liu Limin , Zhou Chunguang
Published: March 2023

Background. The nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide-66 (n-HA/PA66) cage is a biomimetic cage with a lower elastic modulus than the titanium mesh cage (TMC). This study aimed to compare the long-term outcomes of the n-HA/PA66 cage and TMC in the anterior reconstruction of thoracic and lumbar fractures. Methods. We retrospectively studied 113 patients with acute traumatic thoracic or lumbar burst fractures, comprising 60 patients treated with the TMC and 53 treated with the n-HA/PA66 cage for anterior reconstruction following single-level corpectomy. The radiographic data (cage subsidence, fusion status, segmental sagittal alignment) and clinical data (visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) for function) were evaluated preoperatively, postoperatively, and at final follow-up after a minimum 7-year period. Results. The n-HA/PA66 and TMC groups had similar final fusion rates (96.2% vs. 95.0%). The cage subsidence at final follow-up was 2.3 ± 1.6 mm with subsidence of more than 3 mm occurring in 24.5% in the n-HA/PA66 group, which was significantly lower than the respective values of 3.9 ± 2.5 mm and 58.3% in the TMC group. The n-HA/PA66 group also had better correction of the bisegmental kyphotic angle than the TMC group (7.1°±7.5°vs 1.9°±8.6°, p < 0.01), with lower loss of correction (2.9°±2.5° vs 5.2°±4.1°, p < 0.01). The mean ODI steadily decreased after surgery in both groups. At final follow-up, the ODI and VAS were similar in the TMC and n-HA/PA66 groups. Conclusions. The n-HA/PA66 cage is associated with excellent radiographic fusion, better maintenance of the height of the fused segment, and better correction of kyphosis than the TMC during 7 years of follow-up after one-level anterior corpectomy. With the added benefit of radiolucency, the n-HA/PA66 cage may be superior to the TMC in anterior reconstruction of thoracic or lumbar fractures.