bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Hypertension as a Comorbid Factor on the Length of Stay in Patients Undergoing Cholecystectomy
Authors: Albertus Magnus Arya Abisatya  , Diah Purwaningsari  , Wahyu Prasasti Mutiadesi  , Redemptus Yudadi
Published: April 2022

Background: One of the gold standard procedures for cholelithiasis is cholecystectomy. Cholecystectomyhas numerous variated Length of stay results relies upon every nation and medical clinic. Hypertensionis perhaps the most widely recognized comorbid factors and are thought to impact prolonged length ofstay.Aim of Research: To study the effect of hypertension as a comorbid factor on the length of stay in patientsundergoing cholecystectomy in Dr. Ramelan Naval Hospital Surabaya from June 2019-September 2020.Method of Research: This is an analytic descriptive research with retrospective study. The samplingtechnique used in this research is total sampling. The data were collected from medical record data ofpatients at the Internal Medicine and Digestive Surgery Polyclinic.Result of Research: The number of patients who underwent cholecystectomy with hypertensionwho underwent a length of stay > 5 days were 36 people (83.7%). The result from the CoefficientContingency test shows that there is a correlation between hypertension as a comorbid factor and thelength of stay (p<0,0001).Conclusion: This research shows that there is comorbidity such as hypertension affects the length ofstay in cholecystectomy.
The Effectiveness of Facet Joint Local Corticosteroid Injection in Diagnosis and Treatment of Facet Joint Syndrome
Authors: Amr Sabry AlBakry  , Ahmed Saleh ElSayed  , Hamada Mostafa AbdulAal  , ElSaid Hamdy Zaki
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To evaluate outcomes of lumbar facet joint injection with local corticosteroid in treatmentof chronic low back pain according to Oswestry disability Index(ODI).Patients and Methods: Interventional prospective study on 23 patients attended the outpatient clinic ofOrthopedic Surgery in Cairo University Hospitalscomplaining of chronic low back pain not responsiveto medical treatment and physiotherapy from September 2018 to august 2019.Results: The mean age of the patients was 41.17 ± 9.74 years and 47.8% were males. Facet jointcorticosteroid injection resulted in significant reduction of pain severity of patients as it ranged 5:10(mean 7.3 ±1.5) pre-injection and improved to 0 :6 (mean 3.6 ± 1.7) 3-month post injection(Pvalue:0.001)while the ODI score ranged 26:80 (mean 47.4 ±15.7) pre-injection and improved to 4:46 (mean 28.8 ±10.4) three months post injection(Pvalue 0.001).Conclusion: intra-articular facet joint injection is crucial in the diagnosis and treatment of facet jointsyndrome.
Effect of Oxytocin Augmentation on Neonatal Bilirubin Levels : A Case Control Study
Authors: Jitendra Shukla  , Shubhra Buch  , Piyusha Chandrayan
Published: April 2022

Introduction - Hyperbilirubinemia is a commonly encountered problem in both term as well as preterminfants and is a source of concern to neonatologists.Aim- to determine the relationship between the usage of oxytocin during labour and the developmentof neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.Methodology- a case controlled study was conducted. 50 patients were given intravenous oxytocinfor the augmentation of their labour and 50 patients delivered spontaneously without the usage ofoxytocin during their labour. The neonates born to both these categories of patients were studied fortheir bilirubin levels of day 2 of life.Results- hyperbilirubinemia developed in 34% of the neonates whose mothers were given oxytocin foraugmentation of labour and hyperbilirubinemia developed in only 14% of the neonates whose mothersdelivered spontaneously without the usage of oxytocin.Conclusion- A positive relationship between the usage of oxytocin during labour and development ofneonatal hyperbilirubinemia has been established.
Analysis of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia Coli and its Susceptibility to Antibiotic in Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection Patients at Hospital in Province of West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: BaiqIsti Hijriani  , ManikRetno Wahyunitisari  , Agung Dwi Wahyu Widodo
Published: April 2022

Objective – This study aimed to analyze the proportion of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia colifrom urine samples of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTI) patients at the GeneralHospital at Province of West Nusa Tenggara. Also measured the pattern of sensitivity to severalantibiotics.Methods –This study is a descriptive observational with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 60 sampleswere used in this study. Bacterial identification was carried out according to standard bacteriologicalculture techniques. Furthermore, the antibiotic sensitivity test following the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusionmethod using several antibiotics, including amoxycillin (AMP), ciprofloxacin (CIP), ceftriaxone(CRO), and sulphamethoxazole trimethoprim (SXT).Results –The results showed that bacteria causing CA-UTI were Staphylococcus aureus (43.33%),Escherichia coli (21.67%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (10%), Proteus mirabilis (6.67%), Enterobacteraerogenes (6.67%), Serratica marcescens (5%), Klebsiella sp (3.33%), and Pseudomonas sp (3.33%).The antibiotic susceptibility test found that 4.58%, 11.25%, 9.16%, and 3% of bacteria were resistant toamoxycillin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and sulphamethoxazole trimethoprim, respectively.Conclusion –Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were the most gram-positive and gramnegativebacteria causing CA-UTI, respectively. The most resistant antibiotic was ciprofloxacin, andthe most sensitive antibiotic is sulphamethoxazole trimethoprim.
Stimulation of Growth and Development of Pandalungan Toddler in Indonesia
Authors: Lantin Sulistyorini  , EkaAfdi Septiyono  , NuningDwi Merina  , PeniPerdani Juliningrum  , Ira Rahmawati
Published: April 2022

Background: The delay in growth and development is still a serious problem for both developed and developing countries in the world. One of the factors that cause delays in growth and development in toddlers is the lack of early stimulation of toddler development.Solving the problem of child growth and development cannot be separated from the existence of cultural diversity.Method: The qualitative research methods through a phenomenological approachwas chosen as the approach because this study tried to explore parents’ behavior in fulfilling the growth and development stimulation of the Pandalungan ethnic group.The sampling technique in this study used purposive samplingParticipants in this study were 15 participants with in-depth interviews used a semi-structured interview. Results: The results of the research get three main themes, and each theme has a sub-theme. The theme of stimulation from the family (Interaction with family, Parent’s Education, Parent’s Economic and Technology).The theme stimulation from social (Interaction with neighbors and government regulation). The theme Stimulation from culture and value(Cultural factors and values in society and Religious factors).Conclusion: The role of the family is needed in stimulating the growth and development of children because it will affect the growth and development of children.Social influences and government policies affect parents in stimulating growth and development. Culture and values will affect the growth and development of children because children are raised in that environment, so that they must follow the rules in the social environment.
Social Status and Oral Hygiene with Quality of Life in Patients with Primary Hypertension
Authors: Masriadi  , Muhammad Fajrin Wijaya  , Maqh irah Amiruddin  , Tuti Alawiyah  , Nur Rahmayani
Published: April 2022

Background:The main problem in primary hypertension is that most people who have been diagnosed with primary hypertension do not know the etiology clearly.To find out the the relation between social status and oral hygiene with quality of life in primary hypertension. Methods:The type of research used was an observational in a cross-sectional study design.The study was conducted in February-May 2021. The number of sampling was 61 people. The sampling method uses purposive sampling technique. The results of data collection were tested by using the Path Analysis test.Results: Research conducted at Padongko Public Health Center in Barru Regency. Based on the results of the analysis of the path analysis of social status tests on primary hypertension, the results obtained p value 0.188> α 0.05, oral hygiene against primary hypertension results obtained p value0.914> α 0.05, this Ha obtained means that there is a the relation but not significant, while social status on quality of life results are obtained p value 0.837> α 0.05, oral hygiene against quality of life results obtained pvalue0.227> α 0.05, this Ha obtained means there is the relation but not significant, while the the relation of primary hypertension to quality of life has a significant the relation where the results of p value 0.012 <α 0.05.Conclusion: There is the relation between social status and oral hygiene with quality of life in patients with primary hypertension but does not appear significantly.
Effect of Lifestyle Modification Guidelines on Mild Preeclampsia
Authors: Sally Ebrahim Rashad Ali  , Ragaa Ali Mohamed Abdraboo  , Nagat Salah Shalaby  , Inaam Hassan Abdelati
Published: April 2022

Background: Preeclampsia has an adverse effect on both mother and fetus, and may be life-threating condition. Lifestyle modification can improve the clinical presentation of preeclampsia. Methods: Aim of the current study was to examine the effect of lifestyle modification guidelines on improving mild preeclampsia. A Quasi-experimental design was adopted on a purposive sample of 80 pregnant women with mild preeclampsia at the antenatal outpatient unit in Port Said Maternity Hospital, they were assigned into two groups; the study group received lifestyle modification guidelines alongside the routine care and pharmacological management, while the control group received the routine care and pharmacological management. Two tools were used for data collection, Interviewing Questionnaire Sheet and Follow Up Assessment Sheet. Results: The findings showed that lifestyle modifications guidelines lowering the mean of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, gestational weight gain, and proteinuria. Also, reducing risk of delivery before 34 weeks of gestation by 10.0%, delivery from 34 to 36 weeks of gestation by 30.0%, altered liver function by 22.5%, altered kidney function by 15.0%, and cardiac symptoms by 17.5%. Conclusion: Lifestyle modification guidelines alongside with routine care and pharmacological treatment are effective method in modifying mild preeclampsia and its complications
Molecular Detection of abaI Genes in Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from Clincal Speciemens in Some Iraqi Hospitals
Authors: Shahad Mahdi Salih  , Zainab H.Abood Al-Asady
Published: April 2022

Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most important causative bacteria of nosocomial infections. Attention turned toward this Gram negative bacterium due to its extensive resistance to antibiotics. Clinical One hundred thirty five samples sources (urine, sputum, wound burn,) were collected during the period from the between from the late September 2020 to the Mid-January 2021,from patients attending four hospitals in Anbar governorate which include (AlRamadi Genera Teaching ,Al- Fallujah Genera Teaching and Fallujah Maternity and Children’s Hospital). Regarding to the age group factor, the age group (40-49) years more susceptible to the infection is constituting 6(46.1%), followed by group(30-39) years with 3(23.1%) while (20-29)(50-59) and (60-69) years with percentage at 1(7.7)%. Also, the study indicated that the A.baumannii was disrupted equal in male (53.8%) and female (46.2 %) with appear no significant. All specimens were cultured on culture media including blood agar and MaCconkey agar. After the growth of bacteria, the isolates were identified by microscopic examination as well as the biochemical tests including the manual biochemical tests that include( oxidase, catalase, Simmon Citrate, Motility, Indole, Urease ,haemolysin,Lactose fermentationrowth at 44 ºC) .The identification of P. mirabilis confirmed by using the VITEK-2 system. A total of 13(9.6%) isolates of A.baumannii were identified,other bacteria obtained were identified as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella .pneumoniae and streptococcus spp. in percentage recorded (37%) , (22%) (20.2%) and (11%) respectively. The genomic DNA of A.baumannii isolates were extracted using wizard genomic DNA purification kit, the extracted genomic DNA was analyzed using 1% agarose gel electrophoresis, and then the concentration and purity of the extracted genomic DNA were determined using Nanodrop spectrophotometer device, to detect A.baumannii isolates by molecular methods, the extracted genomic DNA of these isolates was submitted for amplification to detect the specific gene Bap and abaI by the singleplex PCR assay. At the molecular level of this study, the results of PCR reaction showed the presence of abaI gene in 8 (61.54%) isolates carried the gene responsible for quorum sensing
The Contribution of Family Cohesion And Self-Efficacy on the Mental Health of Older Adults: A Survey Conducted in Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Sufyan Anwar  , Sukma Elida  , Khairunnas
Published: April 2022

Background: Mental illness is recognized as a critical global issue and is a critical aspect of health problems, especially in older adults.Many studies analyze the correlation between self-efficacy and mental health. Still, studies that analyze the correlation between family cohesion and mental health among older adults in Aceh remainlimited.Methods: This study employeda survey method. The survey was carried out on older adults aged 60 years or more by applying a cross-sectional design with the number of samples was 483. At the same time, the data collection technique was done for four months in 2019. A logistic regression test was conducted for statistical analysis to answer the research hypothesis.Results: The finding of this study proved that family cohesion (OR> 3, p<0.001)and self-efficacy (OR > 2, p<0,001) were correlated with the mental health of older adults.Conclusions: The researchers conclude that families with good cohesion and older adults with high self-efficacy can support and improve the mental health of older adultsin Aceh.
SEMANTIC GROUPS OF CONCEPTUAL EMOTIONAL VOCABULARY "HEART" IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK
Authors:   Researcher, Karshi State University Karshi, Uzbekistan, Amirova Zokhida O.
Published: April 2022

Linguocultural analysis of the concept of "heart" in the English, Uzbek and Uzbek-speaking worlds of the world forms a wide semantic range for this concept. The importance of the heart makes it the center of human spiritual life, the storehouse of feelings, moods, thoughts, will, and religious beliefs. It should be noted that for linguists the question of the supremacy of this or that function of emotions is of no fundamental importance. Suffice it to say that the essence of human existence is manifested in the human mind through emotions, guided and understood by them.
REFORMIST VIEWS OF AHMAD DONISH IN THE RENEWAL OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN THE EMIRATE OF BUKHARA (XIX AND EARLY XX CENTURIES)
Authors:   Head of Department of Social Sciences, Bukhara State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, Akhmedova Zebiniso A.
Published: April 2022

In the conditions of the dominance of religious dogmas, the sheer illiteracy of the population, the thinkers of the Muslim East were forced to resort to certain traditional forms of expressing their ideas. Socio-philosophical views were expressed in the pages of historical treatises, as well as in various essays, essays of a fictional, sociological nature, and poetry. The creativity of A. Donish was no exception here. However, in works that are semi-artistic in form, the thinker poses and tries to solve philosophical questions, in his own way criticizes religious dogmas. So, he asks the question: “If God, creating a person, predetermined the fate of a builder for him in advance, why did he not immediately, from birth, endow the person with the ability to build? Why is it necessary, while fulfilling the predestination of God, to study any other professions?
THE LIFE OF THE AUTHOR OF THE GREAT POEM "SHAHNAMEH"
Authors:   Lecturer, Department of Social Sciences Bukhara State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, Choriyeva Madina A.
Published: April 2022

The name of Ferdousi and his heritage, both creative and the legends about him, are a cultural code that plays an important role in the unity of the Persian cultural space, extending far beyond Iran. And at the same time the author of "Shahnameh" became a romantic legend of the West. The image of the poet, who created the greatest work, but did not receive recognition during his lifetime, turned out to be very close to European romantics. As well as the theme of the struggle against tyrants and autocrats, therefore, in many interpretations, Ferdousi appears not only as an unrecognized genius, but also as a victim of persecution.
SOCIO-POLITICAL PROCESSES IN THE BUKHARA EMIRATE IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX-EARLY XX CENTURIES
Authors:   Associate Professor of Archeology, Faculty of History, candidate of historical sciences, National University of Uzbekistan, Ochildiyev Fayzulla B.
Published: April 2022

This article discusses the second half of the 19th century. In the early 19th century, issues such as the socio-political situation in the Emirate and the role of the principalities in local government were studied. He also covered the deployment of Russian citizens and troops in the Emirate of Bukhara, as a result of which a new system of governance was introduced in the Sherabad principality.
FEATURES OF THE URBANIZATION PROCESS IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   PhD (Cand. Geo. Sci.), Associate Professor, The department of Economic and social geography, National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, Abdalova Zulhumor T.
Published: April 2022

This article discusses the features of urban growth and the formation of their systems in the conditions of independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as the impact of political, economic and social changes in the process of urbanization, classification and functional change of urban systems.
ANALYSIS OF WOMEN'S CLOTHES SEWING - A STUDY TO DEVELOP A NORM OF TIME SPENT ON THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF KNITTING PRODUCTION
Authors:   Assistant, Department of Light Industry Technologies and Equipment, Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Fergana, Uzbekistan, qizi Tursunova Xilola Shuxratjon
Published: April 2022

This article analyzes the assortment of women's outerwear by classification.
DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN ASSESSING CHANGES IN THE BRAIN SUBSTANCE AND CEREBRAL HEMODYNAMICS IN ACUTE CEREBROVASCULAR PATHOLOGY
Authors:   Republican Scientific Center for Emergency Medical Care Bukhara Branch, Uzbekistan, Khodjaeva N.A.
Published: April 2022

The relationship between the clinical picture of ischemic stroke and magnetic resonance imaging in assessing changes in the brain substance and cerebral hemodynamics was studied. It was stated that changes in the venous circulation of the brain are detected on magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography and show a stable reliable regular relationship with various states of the brain and carry important information about the organization of its blood supply and identification of the degree and severity of vascular damage to the brain.
CLASSIFICATION, CLINIC AND DIAGNOSIS OF ORBITAL FRACTURES (LITERATURE REV)
Authors:   Assistant Of The Department Of Disease And Trauma Of The Oral And Maxillofacial Area Tashkent Dental Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, Gafurov Z.A.
Published: April 2022

Orbital contusion trauma is characterized by particular severity, a high risk of blindness, the possibility of the development of purulent-inflammatory complications, and functional and cosmetic defects [1]. The multiple nature of traumatic injuries necessitates the use of accurate topical diagnosis and treatment planning. The study of traumatic lesions of the orbit is relevant.
FEATURES OF COGNITIVE DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AND THE EFFECT OF CYSTATIN C ON IT DEPENDING ON THE STAGE OF THE DISEASE
Authors:   PhD student, Department of Neurology Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Khudayarova Sevara Muratbekovna
Published: April 2022

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global problem of modern medicine. The neurological complications arising from this disease are an integral part of this condition because the kidneys and the brain have a similar anatomical structure of the vessels and a similar physiological structure of the processes occurring in them. Cognitive disorders (CD) that occur in CKD accompany almost every patient, regardless of the stage of the disease, and affect the psychological and social quality of life of patients. According to the literature, there are a number of substances called biomarkers, by determining which we can identify emerging neurological complications in the early stages of CKD. In our work, we used a new biomarker of renal function, cystatin C, which is characterized by free glomerular filtration and is not subject to tubular secretion. Its level in the blood serum of patients does not depend on the age, gender, muscle mass, ethnicity, diet, physical activity and bad habits of the patient.
DYNAMICS OF CLINICAL AND NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF COMPLEX MEDICAL THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH POSTTRAUMATIC EPILEPSY WITH CONCOMITANT SOMATIC DISEASES
Authors:   Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Samarkand State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, Atabaevich Kasimov Arslanbek
Published: April 2022

Posttraumatic epilepsy can be characterized as a variant of the consequences of craniocerebral trauma (CMT) with a leading epileptic syndrome, which is manifested, respectively, by systematically repeated epileptic seizures, most often of convulsive nature.The leading etiological factor of symptomatic epilepsy of young age is craniocerebral trauma, which takes 30-50% of all types of injuries in peace time. The incidence of post-traumatic epilepsy in cases of previously suffered traumatic brain injury ranges from 5 to 50%, according to numerous studies, and its course is often progredient. The problem of diagnosis and drug treatment of posttraumatic epilepsy remains one of the most difficult tasks of clinical neurology [1,3,5].
MANAGEMENT OF PREGNANT WOMEN WITH THYROID DISEASE
Authors:   Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology №1 Samarkand State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, N.I. Zakirova
Published: April 2022

The course of pregnancy, thyroid status, hormonal levels were studied in 96 women with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). It was found that pregnant women have a number of complications (54.8%) from the mother and the fetus, AIT has an unfavorable effect on the course of pregnancy, there is a high risk of miscarriage and termination of pregnancy, there is a decrease in the level of thyroid hormones and an increase in the level of TSH in comparison with similar indicators of healthy pregnant women. For the prevention of complications of gestation and prematurity of pregnancy in women with AIT, a planned determination of TSH blood from early gestation is recommended.
THE USE OF GAMING TECHNOLOGIES IN THE MUSICAL EDUCATION OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors:   Lecturer, Navoi State Pedagogical Institute Navoi, Uzbekistan, Umurzakov Bakhtiyor N. , Umurzakova Laylo B. ,   Lecturer, Navoi State Pedagogical Institute Navoi, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2022

This article discusses effective ways of teaching music in elementary grades through games.
USE OF MODERN INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN TEACHING THE SUBJECT OF INSTRUMENTAL PERFORMANCE
Authors:   Lecturer, Navoi State Pedagogical Institute, Navoi, Uzbekistan, Kodirov Bakhron G.
Published: April 2022

This article is about explaining the subject of instrumental performance to students in modern technologies, the use of modern pedagogical technologies.
MEANS OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT MEASURES IN SPORTS AND PHYSICAL TRAINING
Authors:   Deputy Head of the Department of Combat and Physical Training of the Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Uzbekistan, Yurevich Dyrov Aleksandr
Published: April 2022

Exercise is a means of physical training of a person, the actions used in accordance with the laws of physical education. Exercise has historically been structured and stylistically shaped as gymnastics, play, sports and tourism. As a means of physical education, exercise involves the active movement activity of the practitioner. The specific features of exercise are expressed in the desire to form and improve actions, the idea of the purpose of the action and the means to achieve it, as well as the intention and willpower to perform the action.
INNOVATIVE APPROACH TO ESTABLISHMENT OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION MANAGEMENT ON THE BASIS OF DIAGNOSIS
Authors:   Associate Professor, Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Uzbekistan, Pulatov Shukur
Published: April 2022

Pedagogical diagnosis provides a scientific approach to the organization of methodical work with teachers, their professional and mutual development. Therefore, it plays an important role in the methodological, educational processes and in the school management process. The pedagogical diagnosis obtained as a system of studying the level of professional development of a teacher serves as a basis for identifying difficulties in the work, encouraging the search for alternative ways to overcome them. At the same time, it allows to identify the strengths of the teacher, to strengthen them and to identify specific ways and means of developing individualized methods of pedagogical activity and teaching model.
DEVIANT BEHAVIOR: PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF STUDY
Authors:   Professor Dr., Psychology Department of Psychology, Baku State University, Baku, Azarbaijan, gizi Shafieva Elnara Ibrahim
Published: April 2022

Types of deviant (deviant) behavior are presented. It is revealed that the socially negative nature of deviations is destructive both for the individual and for the environment, but it is this type of deviant behavior that arouses the greatest interest of researchers and is more often considered in the scientific literature. The definition of the concept of "deviation" is given. It is noted that the main factors that predetermine deviations in human behavior are the level of social consciousness, morality, consolidation of the system of social regulations in society. In the course of the study of theoretical material it was found that a number of scientists characterize a norm as "a historically established in a particular society limit", "a measure of acceptable behavior", some properties originally inherent in most people, a standard of behavior, these are norm-ideals, as the level of interiorization of norms in different social environments has significant differences, and norm-ideals (system of basic values) are globalized, they are difficult to apply to specific social objects. It is proposed to consider the norm in three different meanings: statistical, functional (individual) and ideal; in laws, traditions, customs the social norm finds its embodiment (support), that is, in everything that has become a habit, firmly embedded in everyday life, in the way of life of the majority population, supported by public opinion, plays the role of a "natural regulator" of social and interpersonal relations. It has been revealed that some scholars are inclined to see moral norms as a kind of "instructions" that "ensure the correct operation of the human machine".
RESEARCH ACTIVITY IS AN IMPULSE TO SELF-DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS
Authors:   Teacher Department of World Languages, Kokand University, Kokand, Uzbekistan, Umurzakova Kommuna Khursanovna
Published: April 2022

The article provides a justification, if the psychological and pedagogical process is provided with means and teaching methods that contribute to the development of motivation for success among students at each level of knowledge acquisition - in the mode of self-learning and self-control, where the teacher is given a consultative coordinating role, then it is possible to provide a guaranteed learning result – a self-developing personality.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PHYTOSANITARY RISK ANALYSIS PROCESS PERFORMED ON THE LAWN TO DETERMINE A PHYTOSANITARY RISK MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Head of the Laboratory, Research Institute for Quarantine and Plant Protection Agency for Quarantine and Plant Protection of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Khudarganov Kamoladdin
Published: April 2022

This standard provides a detailed description of the phytosanitary risk analysis process performed on the lawn to determine if a pest may be a quarantine pest. The application of flour to risk assessment, as well as the harmonized processes required to select a phytosanitary risk management option, are described.
ASSESSMENT OF THE DYNAMICS OF HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY IN PATIENTS WITH CIRRHOSIS BEFORE AND AFTER IN-HOSPITAL TREATMENT
Authors:   Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Samarkand State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, Salkhidinovna Bekmuradova Makhsuda
Published: April 2022

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a frequent complication of liver dysfunction, including acute liver failure and cirrhosis. HE presents with a sHEctrum of neuropsychiatric symptoms ranging from mild cognitive impairment to coma. The diagnosis of HE is based on the characteristic anamnestic, clinical and paraclinical findings and requires the exclusion of other causes of encephalopathy . Psychometric tests are widely used in clinical practice for the early diagnosis of HE: number-letter, number- line, handwriting, arithmetic etc. The sensitivity of psychometric tests in detecting HE is 70-80%. Although less severe, patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy are at significant risk for impaired quality of life, including increased hospitalisation and progression to manifest HE. The main aim of our study is to compare and evaluate the extent and dynamics of HE in patients with cirrhosis before and after inpatient treatment.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS IN THE TREATMENT OF MAXILLARY ALVEOLITIS
Authors:   Assistant to the Department of Oral Surgery and Dental Implantology, Uzbekistan, Ismatov Farrukh Asliddinovich
Published: April 2022

Alveolitis is one of the most frequent local complications of tooth extraction surgery, developing 2-4 days after extraction and characterized by impaired healing of the extraction site due to the destruction and/or absence of a clot, the addition of infection and the development of marked pain symptoms of varying severity [1, 2]. The prevalence of this complication is reported to be as high as 35% of possible postoperative problems (3, 5). Several other names for this pathological process - alveolar osteitis, "dry hole" - can be found in the ICD-10 and in the literature. For example, the work of J. Mamoun (2018) provides this description "the unscientific term 'dry socket' is the exposure of part or all of the bone within the socket or perimeter in the day or days after extraction due to the absence of an initial persistent blood clot or if the edges of the socket have not been covered by a layer of viable, dense, regenerating epithelium" [6]. According to clinical experience, these differences in terminology are directly related to the timing and severity of the inflammatory process. Several factors are considered to be the main causes leading to the development of this pathological condition in a dental extraction site: traumatic extraction of the tooth; inflammatory process in the periapical tissues; endodontic treatment and its complications such as fusion zone damage, root perforation; use of resorcinolinum treatment [7]. In addition, risk factors such as gender, smoking and use of oral contraceptives are also important.
ENDOSCOPIC METHODS OF HAEMOSTASIS IN GASTRODUODENAL BLEEDING
Authors:   MD, Professor, Chair Of General Surgery, Fibroendoscopy And Anesthesiology Resuscitation Andijan State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, Khodjimatov Gulomidin Minhodjievich
Published: April 2022

The modern endoscopic methods of treatment of gastroduodenal bleedings as well as the statistical data for 2015-2022 conducted in the Republican Scientific Center for Emergency Medical Care Andijan branch, patients with gastroduodenal bleedings and endoscopic methods of treatment used in the hospital are presented in the paper. In this article 1404 patients with the clinical picture of gastroduodenal bleedings were investigated and of them endoscopic intervention was carried out in all patients, with endohaemostasis in 97 patients.
ANATOMICAL FEATURES OF THE NOSE AND NASAL CAVITY
Authors:   Assistant at the Department of Human Anatomy Samarkand State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, Ilhomovna Kamalova Malika
Published: April 2022

In this article we will review the anatomy and histology of the nasal cavity - its sections, structure and vascular and nerve supply. For experimental rhinology, the choice of a laboratory animal is very important. The scattered information on the morphology of the nose and paranasal sinuses forces the researcher to study the literature from various branches of biology (zoology, embryology, veterinary medicine, etc.) for a long time. Having analysed works describing the anatomy and morphology of the nose and paranasal sinuses in various laboratory animals.
THE FORENSIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE BURN INJURY CRITERIA
Authors:   A student in group 309 of the Faculty of Medical Pedagogy Samarkand State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, Rustamovna Makhmudjonova Sitorabonu
Published: April 2022

In the modern world there is a constant increase in the number of fires in residential and industrial premises, transport, which leads to injuries and often fatalities [4,15]. According to data of the summary reports on activity of territorial bureaus of forensic-medical examination of the Russian Federation at fires from thermal traumas and carbon monoxide poisoning 15 918 persons were lost in 2000 and 16 416 - in 2008. It makes about 3 % from all forensic medical autopsies [5]. A similar situation is typical for the Republic of Tajikistan [11]. By now, the causes, pathogenesis, pathomorphosis [6, 12], clinical and morphological features [1, 10], epidemiology of thermal injuries [5], combined effects of thermal and carbon monoxide [7, 9], injuries caused by mechanical effects of falling parts of a burning building and various objects [14] have been studied in sufficient detail.
PUNCTION VERTEBROPLASTY WITH BONE CEMENT FOR OSTEOPORTIC FRACTURES OF THE VERTEBRAS
Authors:   National Rehabilitation and Prosthetics Centre for Persons with Disabilities of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Raimovich Sattorov Alisher
Published: April 2022

The results of treatment using puncture vertebroplasty in 81 patients with various diseases of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae are presented. The purpose of this study is to study the effectiveness of vertebroplasty in osteoporotic fractures of the thoracolumbar spine. Treatment of traumatic spinal injury is an urgent problem of modern neurosurgery. The work is devoted to the surgical treatment of uncomplicated compression fractures using the method of puncture vertebroplasty. The results of treatment of 81 victims were analyzed. The high efficiency and safety of puncture vertebroplasty were noted.
DIAGNOSIS ERRORS ACCORDING TO THE MATERIALS OF THE FORENSIC MEDICAL SERVICE
Authors:   Assistant professor of forensic medicine and pathological anatomy at the Termez branch of the Tashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan, Norkelidievich Sadullaev Narzullo
Published: April 2022

According to the materials of the forensic medical service we have found out that inadequate medical care in the form of defects was revealed more often in the activity of obstetricians-gynecologists, as well as surgeons and traumatologists; defects of diagnosis and treatment prevailed in character; they occurred mainly due to subjective reasons, more often at the hospital stage and in the outcome they resulted in death and disability more often.
SIGNS OF THE OBJECTIVE SIDE OF THE TORTURE OF PERSONALITY
Authors:   Researcher Of The Academy Of MVD Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, Omonov Zafarjon
Published: April 2022

This article examines the concept of “the objective side of the crime”, the difference between torture and other crimes, the concepts of “torture”, “violent acts”, “beatings”, “beatings or other acts of torture”, methods of torture, opinions of national and foreign scientists. Based on the analysis, the author made the appropriate conclusions.
FORMULATING INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE ON EFL LEARNERS
Authors:   Head teacher JSPI, Uzbekistan, Ikromovich Normurodov Kamol
Published: April 2022

This article discusses the methods of formulating intercultural communication on EFL students. And also describes contents of linguacultural competence, through different sources including audio, texts, media, etc. Besides these possible methods and techniques which are helpful in teaching cultural communication to the students have been analysed.
Spatial enhancement due to statistical learning tracks the estimated spatial probability
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Yang Yihan , Wang Benchi , Theeuwes Jan
Published: April 2022

It is well known that attentional selection is sensitive to the regularities presented in the display. In the current study we employed the additional singleton paradigm and systematically manipulated the probability that the target would be presented in one particular location within the display (probabilities of 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90%). The results showed the higher the target probability, the larger the performance benefit for high- relative to low-probability locations both when a distractor was present and when it was absent. We also showed that when the difference between high- and low-probability conditions was relatively small (30%) participants were not able to learn the contingencies. The distractor presented at a high-probability target location caused more interference than when presented at a low-probability target location. Overall, the results suggest that attentional biases are optimized to the regularities presented in the display tracking the experienced probabilities of the locations that were most likely to contain a target. We argue that this effect is not strategic in nature nor the result of repetition priming. Instead, we assume that through statistical learning the weights within the spatial priority map are adjusted optimally, generating the efficient selection priorities.
Pengaruh Audit Internal Terhadap Kepatuhan Manajemen
Authors: Zonira Rintari , Sari Dian Puji Puspita , Rodiah Siti
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh audit internal terhadap kepatuhan manajemen pada PT. Gramedia Asri Media di kota Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan menggunakan data primer yang diolah dengan pertimbangan responden yang diperoleh dari kuesioner. Populasi penelitian ini adalah karyawan yang bekerja di PT. Gramedia Asri Media Pekanbaru, meliputi anggota-anggota dari unit kerja yang berhubungan pada perusahaan PT. Gramedia Asri Media Pekanbaru yaitu satuan pegawai intern, keuangan, umum, marketing, hubungan pelanggan serta seluruh karyawan yang terikat dengan masa kerja minimal 1 tahun. Metode penetapan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 86 responden. Data diolah dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linear sederhana dengan bantuan SPSS Versi 26. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel audit internal berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepatuhan manajemen.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan Perpajakan, Sosialisasi Perpajakan, Dan Sanksi Pajak Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Dalam Membayar PBB
Authors: Arrasi Ranti Dela
Published: April 2022

Land and Building Tax is an important income for each region, therefore each local government has its own way to optimize income from the Land and Building Tax sector. This study aims to analyze the effect of tax knowledge, tax socialization and tax sanctions on taxpayer compliance in paying land and building taxes in the city of Pekanbaru, either partially or simultaneously. This research was conducted on individual taxpayers registered at the Regional Revenue Agency (BAPENDA) Pekanbaru City. This research is a descriptive research that uses a quantitative approach. The sample method is Accidental Samplin with a total of 100 taxpayers. The data in this study are primary data using a questionnaire that has been reviewed for validity and reliability. The analytical method used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that the variables of knowledge, socialization and tax sanctions have a positive and significant effect on taxpayer compliance in paying PBB.

Keywords: Tax Knowledge, Tax Socialization, Tax Sanctions, Taxpayer Compliance.
Analisis Kinerja Portofolio Saham Perusahaan Pada Sektor Jasa Penerbangan Di Beberapa Negara Asean
Authors: Yuri Iftikar Arif , Lisadi Nur Octasari , Sari Maya Rizki
Published: April 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic that occurred in early 2020 in the world resulted in many businesses and companies being affected, handling companies in the aviation sector in ASEAN countries. As an investor who is going to invest, of course, you have to assess how the performance of the stock is, whether it will provide good and profitable returns, because the purpose of investors in investing in the capital market is of course to get a good increase (return). Portfolio performance evaluation is the final stage of the investment management process which aims to assess whether the portfolio that has been formed has a good performance and is in accordance with investment objectives. Among them are using the Sharpe, Treynor, and Jensen measurement models. The results showed that the Sharpe Method of Measurement found that the Garuda Indonesia company (-0.9144) had a greater risk and its performance was arguably the lowest compared to the other 3 companies because the Sharpe index value of Garuda Indonesia was higher risk than AirAsia Berhad-Malaysia (-0, 4823), Bangkok Airline-Thailand (-0.4703), and Nok Airlines Public Company-Thailand (-0.1133). None of the portfolios of these 4 companies produced better performance, in fact showed less performance than the benchmark. Meanwhile, the Treynor and Jensen methods also show that the performance of these companies underperforms against the benchmark.
Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) Interventions that Promote Labeling, Commenting, and Telling: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors:   University of Pretoria, Spencer Trina , Tönsing Kerstin , Dada Shakila
Published: April 2022

Review question / Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to identify and describe the augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) interventions that improve the labeling, commenting, and telling skills of children with communication disabilities. To that end, the following questions will be addressed: What is the quality and quantity of research investigating AAC interventions to promote labeling, commenting, and telling skills of children with communication disabilities? Which (if any) AAC interventions have sufficient empirical evidence to support their recommendation in practice for teaching children with communication disabilities labeling, commenting, and telling skills? Condition being studied: Speech is the primary modality of communication and socialization. However, not all individuals develop functional speech due to a variety of developmental or acquired disabilities, such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD), cerebral palsy (CP), or traumatic brain Injury. Although diagnoses vary, all these individuals share the condition of being unable to meet all the communication needs that others without disabilities typically meet through speech. Such Individuals are typically described as having complex communication needs or a severe communication disorder, or as requiring augmentative and alternative communication (Von Tetzchner & Basil, 2011).
Effects of Baduanjin exercise on cardiac rehabilitation after percutaneous coronary intervention: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors:   Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine First Affiliated Hospital., Wei Dongmei , Sun Yang , Hen Hankang
Published: April 2022

Review question / Objective: Can Baduanjin exercise improve the cardiac rehabilitation of patients with coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary artery surgery? Condition being studied: Coronary heart disease (CHD), also known as coronary artery disease (CAD), is the single most common cause of death globally, with 7.4 million deaths in 2013, accounting for one-third of all deaths (WHO 2014). PCI has been shown to be effective in reducing mortality in patients with CHD. During follow-up, it has been shown that the benefits of PCI can be offset by the significant risks of coronary spasm, endothelial cell injury, recurrent ischemia, and even restenosis or thrombus. Numerous guidelines endorse the necessity for cardiac rehabilitation (CR), which is recommended for patients with chronic stable angina, acute coronary syndrome and for patients following PCI. Baduanjin have been widely practised in China for centuries, and as they are considered to be low risk interventions, their use for the prevention of cardiovascular disease is now becoming more widespread. The ability of Baduanjin to promote clinically meaningful influences in patients with CHD after PCI, however, still remains unclear.
DEVELOPMENT OF HERBAL NANOPARTICULATE FORMULATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF SOLID TUMOR IN MICE
Authors:   Research Scholar, Vel’s Institute of science and Technology advanced studies, Chenna-.600117, Praveen kumar J , Geetha Dr. P ,   Assistant Professor, Vel’s Institute of science and Technology advanced studies, Chennai-600117
Published: April 2022

The relevance of nanotechnology to drug delivery systems for cancer therapy has progressively received great attention. Castalin has been initiate to be very efficacious against many different types of cancer cells. Our present work investigated the efficiency of encapsulation of castalin in poly (lactic-co- glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles using solid/oil/water emulsion solvent evaporation method. to conclude, the in vivo anti-tumor activity of Castalin-loaded PLGA NPs was evaluated in tumor-bearing mice. The NPs obtained had smooth surfaces with particle sizes ranged from 161 ± 3.05 to 164 ± 8.7 nm with slightly positive surface charge ranged from 1.09 ± 0.15 to 3.71 ± 0.44 mV. Entrapment of Castalin ranged between 85.5 ± 1.8% and 87 ± 1.3% with yields not less than 102.32%. Total protein adsorbed was less than 25.5 µg total protein/1 mg NP. In vitro drug liberate was less than 89.1% at 12 h. to finish, significant reductions in tumor growth rate and mortality rate were observed for PLGA NP formulations compared to both Castalin solution and naked NPs
Discontinuing Denosumab: Can It Be Done Safely? A Review of the Literature
Authors: Tay Wei Lin , Tay Donovan
Published: April 2022

Denosumab, which has been approved for the treatment of osteoporosis since 2010, is a fully humanised monoclonal antibody against a cytokine, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), involved in bone resorption. Continued use of denosumab results in a potent and sustained decrease in bone turnover, an increase in bone mineral density (BMD), and a reduction in vertebral and hip fractures. The anti-resorptive effects of denosumab are reversible upon cessation, and this reversal is accompanied by a transient marked increase in bone turnover that is associated with bone loss, and of concern, an increased risk of multiple vertebral fractures. In this review, we outline the effects of denosumab withdrawal on bone turnover markers, BMD, histomorphometry, and fracture risk. We provide an update on recent clinical trials that sought to answer how clinicians can transition away from denosumab safely with follow-on therapy to mitigate bone loss and summarise the recommendations of various international guidelines.