bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Body Mass Index and Knee Osteoarthritis: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study in Baptis Hospital, Batu City
Authors: Sananta Panji - , Pratama Wildan Faza , Widasmara Dhelya - , Fuzianingsih Eka Noviya
Published: March 2023

Osteoarthritis is a chronic global and musculoskeletal disorder. This disease is associated with reduced articular cartilage integrity. The most commonly affected joint is the knee, followed by the hand and the hip. Knee osteoarthritis is associated with aging, obesity, articular cartilage, fatigue, trauma, and congenital joint deformities. Excess body weight is a factor that will exacerbate osteoarthritis. There are still meta-analysis studies involving cohort and case-control studies on osteoarthritis and body mass index (BMI) available, but the relationship between the two variables is still not assessed quantitatively. In addition, research on knee osteoarthritis and BMI is still limited, particularly at Baptis Hospital, where it has never been done. As a result, this study was carried out to determine the relationship between BMI and the degree of knee osteoarthritis. This retrospective cross-sectional study involved 33 patients who suffered from knee osteoarthritis. Data were collected from medical records, and the Kellgren-Lawrence system to assess the degree of knee osteoarthritis based on radiology findings. A total of 7 patients (21.2%) suffered from osteoarthritis grade 1, 10 patients (30.3%) had degree 2, 15 patients (45.5%) had degree 3, and one patient had degree 4. The Spearman correlation test showed that there was no significant relationship (p>0.05). So, it can be concluded from this study that there was no correlation between BMI and the degree of knee osteoarthritis patients at Baptis Hospital, Batu City.
UPAYA PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS PRODUK USAHA TEKSTIL DI PT. KTP UNTUK MEMINIMALISIR KECACATAN
Authors: Darmawan Tedi , Rembulan Glisina Dwinoor
Published: March 2023

Quality control is something that needs to be done by the company in order to minimize and prevent the smallest possible damage to the product. This research was conducted with the aim of controlling and improving the quality of PT. KTP, especially in children's clothing products, uses the DMAIC method (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control) and the SPC (Statistical Process Control) method to determine the factors causing product damage. From the results of the analysis performed using the control chart, it is known that it has a Control Limit (CL) of 0.0015 with an upper control limit of 0.0154 and a lower control limit of -0.0124. Based on these results, it is known that there is no data that exceeds the control limit or it can be said that the quality control in the company is still within the control limit. It is known that based on the Pareto diagram, the highest percentage of defective products is loose stitches by 48%, followed by cracked screen printing defects of 39%, and the last is torn defective products by 13%. Based on production data obtained from PT. KTP is known that the total number of production from September 2021 to August 2022 is 373,351 pcs with the number of defective products of 548 pcs. The DPMO (Defect Per Million Opportunity) value obtained on average is 1451.43 with a sigma value of 4.55. This shows that the level of sigma at PT. The ID card has a good sigma level which is the average USA industry standard but still needs further improvement.
STRUCTURE AND PHYSICAL-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ELECTROCRYSTALLISED COATINGS OF Ni−P ALLOY
Authors: KOROLYANCHUK D.G. , OVCHARENKO V.I.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the research. Ni−P electrolytic alloy coated products are of great interest in many industries such as electronics (magnetic recording devices), oil and gas industry, medical equipment manufacturing, catalyst manufacturing. In this connection, the task of determining rational deposition modes of electrocrystallized coatings based on Ni−P alloy with increased technological and operational properties and researching their structure arises. In addition, there is a need to replace chrome electrocoatings, which, along with very high indicators of mechanical, protective and decorative properties, are obtained from toxic electrolytes that are dangerous of human life and health. Materials and methodology. In this work, electroplating of Ni−P alloy, obtained from a new electrolyte developed by us, was proposed as a replacement for chromium. Modes of obtaining high-quality electrocoating with Ni−P alloy have been identified, in which the best deposition characteristics, mechanical and decorative properties have been determined. Results. The effect of electrolysis parameters on current output, deposition rate, microhardness, surface morphology and reflectivity of electrocrystallized coatings was investigated. It was also found that the addition of phosphorus ions to the nickel plating electrolyte leads to amorphization of Ni−P alloy deposits. Scientific novelty. The influence of the deposition regime on the formation of the internal structure and surface morphology of Ni−P electrolytic coatings obtained from the electrolyte developed by the authors was studied. Conclusions. The patterns of electrodeposition of Ni−P alloy coatings were studied, and the factors influencing the formation of structure and properties were identified. It was established that the addition of phosphorus ions to the nickel plating electrolyte leads to amorphization of coatings, an increase in microhardness and reflectivity. On the basis of the analysis of the received data, the optimal conditions of electrocrystallization, under which it is possible to obtain a coating with specified physical and mechanical properties, are determined.
ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕКОЛОГОЕНЕРГЕТИЧНОЇ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ СКЛОВАРНИХ ПЕЧЕЙ
Authors: Навродська Раїса , Фіалко Наталія
Published: March 2023

The results of the experimental and computational studies complex on improving the thermal and environmental efficiency of gas-consuming glass furnaces of the regenerative type are presented. The proposed recovery heat technologies of the glass melting fu
Оценка антиоксидантной активности и противовоспалительного действия экстракта из корней Astragalus membranaceus, Scutellaria baicalensis, Phlojodicarpus sibiricus
Authors: Гуляев Сергей М. , Туртуева Т. А. , Николаева Г. Г.
Published: March 2023

Цель работы состояла в определении количественного содержания фенольных соединений в экстракте из корней Astragalus membranaceus, Scutellaria baicalensis, Phlojodicarpus sibiricus, а также в оценке антиоксидантной активности и противовоспалительного действия экстракта. В ходе исследований экстракта определено количественное содержание комплекса флавоноидов (байкалина, рутина, кверцетина, эпикатехина). Антиоксидантную активность сухого этанольного экстракта оценивали с помощью ДФПГ-теста (in vitro). Установлено, что антиоксидантная активность находится в прямой зависимости от концентрации экстракта; IC50 составила 210,99 мкг/мл. Противовоспалительное действие испытуемого средства изучали на модели формалинового отека у белых крыс. При введении экстракта крысам в дозах 50, 100 и 200 мг/кг величины отека составили 31,4, 19,2 и 16,6 % от показателей (толщины лапки) до введения раствора формалина, что в 2 – 4 раза меньше контроля (p < 0,05) и сопоставимы с показателями при применении индометацина.
Применение индексов смешивания при моделировании процессов в фармацевтическом производстве
Authors: Маркеев Владимир Борисович , Блынская Евгения Викторовна , Тишков Сергей Валерьевич , Алексеев Константин Викторович , Алексеев Виктор Константинович
Published: March 2023

Использование метода дискретных элементов позволило добиться прогресса в моделировании процесса смешивания в фармацевтическом производстве. Однако выбор индекса смешивания для оценки эффективности перемешивания различных вспомогательных веществ и фармацевтических субстанций является нетривиальной задачей, что делает актуальным систематизацию и анализ используемых при моделировании индексов. В статье рассмотрены и проанализированы индексы смешивания, применяемые в современных исследованиях по моделированию процесса смешивания методом дискретных элементов, начиная от индекса Лейси, заканчивая новыми методами, применимых в условиях псевдоожижения.
Амбулаторная реабилитация пациентов старше 50 лет с дисциркуляторной энцефалопатией I – II стадии
Authors: Иванов В. М. , Иванова М. И. , Щеглова Ю. М. , Коваленко А. Л. , Иванова О. В.
Published: March 2023

Изучена эффективность включения цитофлавина в схему амбулаторного лечения пациентов среднего и старшего возраста с дисциркуляторной энцефалопатией I и II стадии церебрально-сосудистого генеза, получивших лечение амбулаторно на базе сети медицинских клиник «ИММА». В зависимости от схемы лечения больные были разделены на 2 группы: основную (I, n = 53), пациенты которой на фоне базисной терапии получали цитофлавин: 20 мл внутривенно капельно в 200 мл 0,9 % раствора хлорида натрия, 5 дней, затем по 2 таблетки внутрь 2 раза в день — 25 дней. Больным группы сравнения (II, n = 51) был назначен актовегин: 2000 мг/сут внутривенно капельно — 5 дней с переходом на таблетированную форму по 2 таблетки внутрь 3 раза/сут (1200 мг/сут) — 25 дней. Для оценки эффективности терапии применяли: шкалу общего снижения когнитивных способностей (GDS), клинический рейтинг деменции (Clinical Dementia Rating, CDR), шкалу Хачински, шкалу общего клинического впечатления о тяжести заболевания (CGI-S), шкалу депрессии Гамильтона (Hamilton Depressive scale, HAMD) и краткую шкалу оценки психического статуса (MMSE). Включение цитофлавина в схемы амбулаторного лечения пациентов способствовало уменьшению выраженности нарушений: по шкале GDS уменьшение по показателям «повышенная утомляемость» — в 3,9 раза, «нарушение сна» — в 4,2 раза, «ослабление внимания» — в 3,8 раза (p < 0,05). Общий показатель когнитивной продуктивности по шкале MMSE увеличился до 28,9 баллов, что соответствовало отсутствию когнитивных нарушений (p > 0,05). В то же время в группе сравнения положительный эффект был менее выражен: по шкале GDS по показателю «повышенная утомляемость» — в 2,3 раза, «нарушение сна» — в 2,6 раза, «ослабление внимания» — в 2,5 раза (p < 0,05). Динамика показателей по шкале MMSE увеличилась на 2 балла и составила 27,2 балла, что соответствовало преддементным когнитивным нарушениям (p > 0,05). Полученные результаты, наряду с хорошей переносимостью цитофлавина, позволяют рекомендовать его включение в схемы терапии данной патологии.
Влияние 5-амино-экзо-3-азатрицикло[5.2.1.02,6]декан-4-она на мнестические функции крыс со стрептозотоциновым диабетом и гемостаз
Authors: Хисамутдинова Регина Ю. , Макара Н. С. , Сапожникова Т. А. , Габдрахманов С. Ф.
Published: March 2023

У крыс линии Вистар вызывали гипергликемию стрептозотоцином (80 мг/кг, внутрибрюшинно), после чего животные получали 5-амино-экзо-3-азатрицикло[5.2.1.02,6]-декан-4-он (Р-11) в дозе 23 мг/кг в течение 14 дней и у них изучали мнестические функции в тесте «Условный рефлекс пассивного избегания». На этапе воспроизведения условного рефлекса, в группе Р-11 время пребывания животных в отсеке составило в среднем 146,2 ± 9,1 с, у контрольных животных с сахарным диабетом — 243,7 ± 10,76 с. В опытах in vivo и in vitro выявлена способность Р-11 улучшать реологические свойства крови у крыс, замедляя агрегацию тромбоцитов, индуцированную АДФ, и образование тромбина в тесте «Проторомбиновое время». У крыс, получавших Р-11 in vivo в дозе 23 мг/кг, амплитуда агрегации тромбоцитов достигла 6,0 ± 2,0 %, в условиях in vitro в концентрации 4  10–4 г/мл — 9,0 ± 1,0 %. При внесении Р-11 в плазму крови в концентрации 2  10–6 г/мл протромбиновое время увеличилось до 24,3 ± 1,1 с.
Synthesis of Oil Soluble Boron Esters and Obtaining Lubricant Additive Packages with Anti-wear and Extreme Pressure Properties
Authors: AKIN Mustafa , DURMUŞ Mehmet Can , MEYDAN İmren , ATILAL Emel
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this work is synthesis and characterization of pryridin-yl-borate esters and investigation of tribological performance as additive. The syn-thesis of dialkyl-(2-(pyridin-2-yl) ethyl) borate esters both in the literature and the novel synthesis of dialkyl 2-(methyl (pyridin-2-yl) borate esters and dialkyl 2- (5-ethylpyridin-2-yl) ethyl borate esters were carried out. The boron esters to be obtained were characterized by using IR, 1H NMR,13C NMR spectroscopic methods as well as physical methods such as TAN and corrosion tests. The fric-tion-reducing and anti-wear properties of the synthesized lubricant additives were measured with a four-ball friction and wear tester. As a result of these stud-ies, it has been shown that the friction coefficient is reduced by about 30-40 % compared to the base oil and the wear is also reduced. In the tribological analysis performed using synthesized four molecules within the scope of the study, it was found that resistance to oxidation is increased when the synthesized molecules were added to group I base oil at 0.5 % and 1% w/w concentration. The novel synthesis of dialkyl 2-(methyl (pyridin-2-yl) borate esters and dialkyl 2- (5-ethylpyridin-2-yl) ethyl borate esters were carried out and tribological perfor-mances in base oil were analysed first time.
Grupos antitabagismo em Balneário Camboriú (Santa Catarina, Brasil): fatores preditivos de cessação a curto e a longo prazo
Authors: FRONZA Fernanda A. , SOARES Ericks S. , SAKAE Thiago M. , CIMAROSTI Helena I.
Published: March 2023

Introdução: O tabagismo é responsável por milhões de mortes anualmente e é um fator de risco para diversas doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, com significante impacto socioeconômico no mundo inteiro. No Brasil, o atendimento aos pacientes tabagistas nos serviços de atenção básica inclui abordagens cognitivo-comportamentais e tratamento farmacológico oferecidos por meio de grupos antitabagismo. Objetivo: Considerando a importância dos grupos antitabagismo, bem como a necessidade de mais estudos sobre eles, o presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar a taxa de cessação tabágica, tanto imediata quanto a longo prazo, de participantes de grupos antitabagismo nas unidades de saúde do município de Balneário Camboriú, Santa Catarina, e verificar a existência de variáveis associadas ao sucesso na cessação. Método: Foram analisados dados de 256 participantes entre 2015 e 2016 e a cessação tabágica a longo prazo foi investigada a partir da aplicação de questionários a 152 participantes que aceitaram participar do estudo. Resultados: As taxas de cessação imediata e a longo prazo foram de 59,4% e 32,9%, respectivamente. A análise do uso de medicamentos mostrou que o tratamento com cloridrato de bupropriona e nicotina transdérmica, em associação, eleva em quase três vezes a chance de um paciente alcançar sucesso imediato na cessação, enquanto que a adesão aos quatro encontros eleva esta chance em sete vezes mais. Conclusão: Apesar de as variáveis analisadas a longo prazo não terem sido associadas significativamente com a manutenção do status do paciente como não-fumante, fica evidenciada a importância dos grupos antitabagismo para o início de um longo caminho de sucesso na cessação do tabagismo.
Centrais de Abastecimento Farmacêutico do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: ROSSONI Elis A. , AMADOR Tânia A. , BITTENCOURT Raqueli A. , GALLINA Sara M. , VIEIRA Júlia W. , PILGER Diogo , HEINECK Isabela
Published: March 2023

Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as Centrais de Abastecimento Farmacêutico (CAFs) de municípios do Rio Grande do Sul, quanto à estrutura, aos processos realizados e os resultados obtidos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de caráter transversal e descritivo cuja coleta de dados deu-se por visitas às CAFs de 29 municípios. Além de entrevistas in loco, utilizando um questionário elaborado a partir da revisão da literatura, realizou-se análise de documentos e observação direta da estrutura e das condições de armazenamento. Resultados: Os resultados mostram que o registro do controle diário de temperatura e umidade era realizado em 84,6% e 76,9% das CAFs respectivamente e todas aquelas que possuíam refrigerador para os termolábeis, realizavam o controle destes parâmetros. A maioria das centrais que armazenavam medicamentos sujeitos a controle especial utilizavam uma sala separada e com chave (75,0%). No recebimento dos medicamentos, era realizada a inspeção referente à validade e documentações necessárias (nota fiscal, por exemplo) em 92,3% dos locais. Todas as CAFs utilizavam sistema informatizado para controle de estoque, em seis (23,1%) havia um acúmulo de estoque resultante de demanda superestimada, de recursos aproveitados do ano anterior, excesso de compra ou sazonalidade e 88,5% realizavam inventário. Para que funcionem dentro da legalidade são necessárias algumas documentações como alvará sanitário, que apenas 26,9% das CAFs afirmaram possuir. Conclusão: Na avaliação da etapa de armazenamento da AF, por meio dos componentes: estrutura, processos e resultados, observou-se resultados parcialmente positivos em relação às recomendações técnicas e administrativas para as CAFs, necessitando de melhorias em alguns quesitos.
Quasi-monomials with respect to subgroups of the plane affine group
Authors: Samaruk N. M.
Published: March 2023

Let $H$ be a subgroup of the plane affine group ${\rm Aff}(2)$ considered with the natural action on the vector space of two-variable polynomials. The polynomial family $\{ B_{m,n}(x,y) \}$ is called quasi-monomial with respect to $H$ if the group operators in two different bases $ \{ x^m y^n \} $ and $\{ B_{m,n}(x,y) \}$ have \textit{identical} matrices. We obtain a criterion of quasi-monomiality for the case when the group $H$ is generated by rotations and translations in terms of exponential generating function for the polynomial family $\{ B_{m,n}(x,y) \}$.
Optimal control in the boundary value problem for elliptic equations with degeneration
Authors: Pukal’skii I. D. , Yashan B. O.
Published: March 2023

The problem of optimal control of the system described by the oblique derivative problem forthe elliptic equation of the second order is studied. Cases of internal and boundary managementare considered. The quality criterion is given by the sum of volume and surface integrals.The coefficients of the equation and the boundary condition allow power singularities of arbitraryorder in any variables at some set of points. Solutions of auxiliary problems with smooth coefficients are studied to solve the given problem. Using a priori estimates, inequalities are established for solving problems and their derivatives in special H\"{o}lder spaces. Using the theorems of Archel and Riess, a convergent sequence is distinguished from a compact sequence of solutions to auxiliary problems, the limiting value of which will bethe solution to the given problem.

The necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of the optimal solution of the systemdescribed by the boundary value problem for the elliptic equation with degeneracy have been established.
ASSESSMENT AND PERCEPTION OF OCCUPATIONAL RISKS IN WASTE PICKER ORGANIZATIONS: A PORTRAIT OF WASTE PICKERS SITUATION AFTER FORMAL INTEGRATION
Authors: Yamane Luciana Harue , Dutra Renato Meira de Sousa , Siman Renato Ribeiro
Published: March 2023

Waste picker organizations (WPO) are a fundamental link in the integrated management of urban solid waste; however, despite being formally recognized, waste pickers still face unhealthy work conditions. Studies on occupational risks related to waste picker activities have been carried out in a qualitative way, but the quantification of occupational risks is an important research gap to fill. Additionally, an unprecedented comparison between waste picker risk perception and occupational safety technician risk assessment is presented. The risk perception of the waste picker was carried out through a cross-sectional interview study that surveyed 35 WPO by non-probabilistic sampling, and the results showed that waste pickers underestimated the occupational risks (i.e. noise, physical effort, improper physical arrangement, and inadequate use of personal protective equipment (PPE)), it was also possible to identify the necessary strategies to improve occupational safety. Occupational safety technician evaluations were carried out through quantitative analysis on site in 64 WPO. The results indicated the predominance of maximum risk intensity (Level 3 – from a scale of 0 to 3) for biological risk, physical effort, excessive pace, improper physical arrangement, and inadequate use of PPE in all operational activities. The main interventions should focus on implementing Work Accident Reporting, rearranging WPO layout, routinely providing information about importance of PPE use, and continuously developing WPO standards with periodic evaluations of occupational risks using a fractional scale.
ONE-DIMENSIONAL DYNAMICS OF THE DOMAIN BOUNDARY IN A SEVEN-LAYER FERROMAGNETIC STRUCTURE
Authors:   Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics, NAZAROV V.N. , SAMSONOV K.YU. ,   University of Tyumen, EKOMASOV E.G. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology
Published: March 2023

The dynamics of the domain boundary is considered using the example of a seven-layer ferromagnetic structure with three thin and four wide magnetic layers. The structure of the domain boundary is represented as a kink solution of the sine-Gordon equation. The equation of motion for magnetization was solved numerically using an explicit scheme. The discretization of the equation was carried out according to a standard five-point scheme of the "cross" type. The paper shows the features of the dynamics of the domain boundary in a multilayer magnetic system in the presence of thin magnetic layers with an increased value of the magnetic anisotropy constant. Thin layers with an increased value of the magnetic anisotropy constant compared to the homogeneous state represent potential barriers to the moving domain boundary. Thin layers with an increased magnitude of magnetic anisotropy compared to a homogeneous state represent potential barriers to a moving domain boundary. A diagram of possible scenarios of the dynamics of the domain boundary is constructed depending on the initial velocity of its movement and the distance between three thin magnetic layers. The maximum value of the kink velocity for reflection from all potential barriers, depending on their size, is obtained. With an increase in the height and width of the barrier, the value of such a threshold maximum reflection velocity of the domain boundary increases nonlinearly. With a sufficiently high barrier height, there is already an almost linear dependence on the width of this threshold velocity. With a slight increase in the speed of movement of the domain boundary, the kink can pass through the first barrier, but it is reflected from the second barrier. There is also a case of kink oscillation between the second and third potential barriers. Such fluctuations are clearly inharmonious. The dependence of the threshold velocity on the distance between the barriers is obtained. As the distance between the barriers increases, the threshold speed value tends to a value equal to the threshold speed for one barrier. In the work, the minimum value of the speed of the domain boundary of the passage of all layers, depending on the parameters of potential barriers, is obtained. It is also found that there is a critical distance separating the dynamics of the domain boundary into two regions with qualitatively different behavior of the system.
EFFECT OF HIGH PRESSURES ON THE ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF THE OXIDE CE0.8CU3V4O12
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, USTINOVA I.S. , MELNIKOVA N.V. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, KADYROVA N.I. ,   Institute of Solid State Chemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, TEBENKOV A.V. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, BABUSHKIN A.N. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin
Published: March 2023

The electrical properties of the oxide Ce0.8Cu3V4O12 were studied at pressures up to 50 GPa. The samples have been synthesized by barothermal method. These compounds crystallize in the cubic symmetry with a perovskite-type structure. At ambient pressure in the temperature range from 10 to 300 K Ce0.8Cu3V4O12 - oxide has a metallic conductivity. Electrical resistance of the examined compounds measured at room temperature decreases when the pressure is raised from 16 to 50 GPa. There are two interval, where the resistance first falls rapidly with the pressure increase, and then the rate of the drop in resistance slows sharply. The baric dependencies of the magnetoresistance were obtained at the magnetic field up to 1 T. The values of the magnetoresistance are negative and amount 2% at pressure 22 GPa. The pressure range PT was determined, where a significant change of properties takes place. The results obtained for Ce0.8Cu3V4O12-oxide and the data of compounds ACu3V4O12 (A - Gd, Tb, Er, Tm) have been compared. A shift of the PT regions towards higher pressures with increasing serial number A was found. The manifestation of the effect of chemical contraction may be associated with a change in the crystal and electronic structure is assumed.
ELIASHBERG EQUATION WRITTEN ON THE IMAGINARY AXIS FOR AN ISOTROPIC MEDIUM: SOLUTION ALGORITHM AND CALCULATION EXAMPLES
Authors:   Higher School of Economics, IKHSANOV R.SH. , MAZUR E.A. ,   National Research Nuclear University MEPHI, Russian Scientific Centre «Kurchatov Institute», KAGAN M.YU. ,   Higher School of Economics, Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems
Published: March 2023

At present, the task of searching for compounds with a high superconducting transition temperature ТС is a very relevant scientific direction. Usually, the calculation of ТС is performed by numerically solving the system of Eliashberg equations. This system is a system of integral equations, which, by discretizing the integrals included in it, is reduced to a system of transcendental non-linear equations, suitable for a numerical solution. In this paper, we present a set of programs for solving this system written in various forms on the imaginary axis for an isotropic medium. In addition, formulas for the Jacobian of this system are presented for the first time, the use of which in numerical calculations increases the speed and stability of calculations. As an example of the developed methods applications, the results of calculations of ТС and thermodynamic properties for the metallic hydrogen I41/amd phase under a pressure of 500 GPa are given. Also, the results of calculations of ТС for some metallic hydrides superconducting at high pressures, are given.
INTERACTION AND DYNAMICS OF TOPOLOGICAL DEFECTS IN THE DOMAIN STRUCTURE OF A TWISTED NEMATIC
Authors:   Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics, DELEV V.A.
Published: March 2023

The dynamics and interaction of topological defects in the domain structure of π/2 twisted nematic liquid crystal are studied. A feature of Williams domains in twisted nematics is that hydrodynamic flows in them, along with the tangential velocity component, also have an axial component, the direction of which is opposite in neighboring domains. The axial velocity component arises as a result of the strong coupling between the initial twisted director orientation n and the hydrodynamic flow velocity. In domain structures of π/2 twisted nematics, as well as in planar oriented ones, edge dislocations with topological charges S =±1 arise. With increasing applied voltage density of dislocations grows. Dislocations move both along the Williams domains ( climb ) and perpendicular to them ( glide ). At a certain rate of the increasing applied voltage U > U c, distortions of the domain structure begin to propagate on both sides of the defect core. This leads to the formation of a special topological defects - dislocations with a “diffused” core, or linear defects, which are oriented perpendicular to the Williams domains and move mainly along them. The arising linear defect has the same topological charge as the initial dislocation. It is shown that their interaction is qualitatively well described by the perturbed sine-Gordon equation.
POLYARYLENE ETHER KETONES AS A CONDUCTOR IN THE SOLAR CELL CURRENT COLLECTION SYSTEM
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, CHEBOTAREVA A.B. , KOST T.N. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, LACHINOV A.N. ,   Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics, Akmullah Bashkir State Pedagogical University, SALAZKIN S.N. ,   A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, SHAPOSHNIKOVA V.V. ,   A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2023

The paper investigates the thermomechanical and electrical properties of a number of thermoplastic copolymers poly(arylene ether ketones) (co-PAEK) containing fluorene groups in the main chain of the macromolecule. Co-PAEKs are being studied for the purpose of their use in the contact system of a solar cell with a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) electrode and a multiwire contact grid. Polymer films are used as conductive adhesives to form an electrical contact between metal wire and TCO. The formation of an electrically conductive contact occurs during lamination at an excess pressure of 1 atm and a temperature of maximum deformation of co-PAEK, while the copolymer switches from the initial dielectric to a stable highly conductive state. Co-PAEKs with the content of fluorene groups ( q ) 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mol.% are synthesized, having the same molecular weight and the reduced viscosity of ~0.38 dl/g. To select the optimal contact system formation temperature for each coPAEK, the glass transition temperature ( T g) and the peak strain temperature ( T d) were determined from thermo mechanical curves. It was found that with increasing q , the temperature T g increases from 162 to 185°С, and T d from 203 to 223°С. The specific contact resistances (ρС) in the metal wire/co-PAEK/TCO (ITO - In2O3:Sn) system were determined for a round copper wire coated with indium:tin (In:Sn) solder, as well as for tin-plated wire, depending on the content of fluorene groups in the copolymer. The specific contact resistance ρС for wire with (In:Sn) solder varies in the range of 0.56-0.83 mΩ cm2, for tin-plated wire - 0.84-1.43 mΩ cm2, and co-PAEK with q = 5 mol % showed the lowest ρС in both cases. The ρC of wire/co-PAEK/ITO contacts has been studied as a function of the resistivity of ITO grown by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis on silicon substrates. The temperature dependence of the resistivity of the wire/co-PAEK/ITO contact was studied in the temperature range of 5-85°C, and a conclusion was made about the metallic type of dependence. According to the results of microscopic studies of the contact area, the typical minimum co-PAEK layer thickness between the wire and ITO after the formation of the contact was determined, which is in the range of 0.5-2.4 μm.
MAGNETOELECTRIC EFFECTS AND NEW SPINTRONICS LOGIC DEVICES
Authors:   Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics, GAREEVA Z.V. , TROCHINA A.M. ,   Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics, GAREEV SH.T. ,   Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)
Published: March 2023

The paper discusses new logic spintronic devices and the prospects for the use of perovskite-type multiferroics as working elements of magnetoelectric components. The principle of operation of the considered logical devices is based on the use of two components - a magnetoelectric, in which the magnetic state is recorded due to energy-efficient magnetoelectric interaction, and a spin-orbital component, in which information is read out based on the conversion of spin into charge due to the spin-orbital interaction of electrons; both components are interconnected by a nanoelectrode. When designing new logic spintronic devices, it is necessary to take into account the effectiveness of the mechanisms of ME interactions; features of spin - polarized currents and associated torques influencing magnetic moments; as well as other factors affecting the speed of switching magnetic states and the sensitivity of the device to external agents. Multiferroic materials that are promising for use as elements of ME components of new logic devices must meet a number of requirements, the most significant of which are the magnitude of the magnetoelectric coupling coefficient and the temperature at which ME effects occur. The paper considers representatives of multiferroics with a perovskite structure that meet these conditions, to some extent partially, these are high-temperature multiferroic bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) and Ruddlesden-Popper structures, in which high-temperature ferroelectric effects are already realized and under certain conditions an ME effect is possible. The crystal structure of these compounds is considered, and the role of crystallographic distortions responsible for the manifestation of magnetoelectric properties is analyzed. Expressions are obtained for the tensor of the magnetoelectric effect as functions of magnetic order parameters, and the fundamental possibility of realizing ME effects in Ruddlesden-Popper structures containing magnetic cations is shown.
PROCESSES OF FORMATION OF SUPERLATTICES IN ENSEMBLES OF LC DROPLETS
Authors:   Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics, SKALDIN O.A. , BASYROVA E.R. ,   Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics, TIMIROV YU.I. ,   Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics, KHAZIMULLIN M.V. ,   Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics
Published: March 2023

The processes of formation of lattices in cholesteric LC layers from drop domains («bubble domain») in electric fields are studied in this paper. The LC layers were subjected to tension. At a certain thickness of the LC layer, the so-called “cholesteric fingers” were formed, the system of which, with an increase in the dimensionless parameter C = d/P0 (d is the layer thickness, P0 is the equilibrium pitch of the cholesteric LC), decomposed into separate droplet domains. By varying the magnitude of the electric field, one can control both the size of these domains and the density of their packings.
STRONG GRAVITATIONAL LENSING FOR THE CASE OF NO HORIZON REGULAR CHARGED BLACK HOLES
Authors:   Akmulla Bashkir State Pedagogical University, GESS D.-L.Z. , GANIEVA D.I. ,   Akmulla Bashkir State Pedagogical University
Published: March 2023

Gravitational lensing often becomes one of the ways to experimentally test a particular theory of gravity, since it allows a visual comparison of theoretical predictions with observational data. The more massive the compact object, the stronger the visible effects are; for this reason, it seems very promising to study strong gravitational lensing by sources such as supermassive black holes. The aim of this paper is to study gravitational lensing for the case of spherically symmetric regular charged black holes with 0 < b ≤ bE and compare the obtained parameters with those calculated for spacetime without a horizon ( b > bE). Here b is an additional parameter describing the charge, and its value b = bE = 0.226 corresponds to the boundary case when the horizon disappears. In addition, using the massive objects Phe A* and M104* as an example, as well as the elliptical galaxies NGC57 and NGC163, we will compare the observed characteristics of regular charged and ordinary Schwarzschild black holes: the angular position of the asymptotic relativistic images, the angular distance between them and those calculated for the same b most images that are farthest from the center, as well as zooming in on the farthest images. The results obtained can later be compared with observational data, which will allow us to conclude that the approach used is applicable within the framework of the theory under consideration.
LENSE-THIRRING PRECESSION BY BLACK HOLES IN THE RANDALL-SANDRUM MODEL
Authors:   Akmullah Bashkir State Pedagogical University, AKHTARYANOVA G.F.
Published: March 2023

The description of our universe on a brane suggests a large extra dimension and a fundamental scale of gravity, which can be several orders of magnitude lower than the Planck scale. An interesting consequence of the brane world scenario is the nature of spherically symmetric vacuum solutions of the brane gravitational field equations, which can represent black holes with properties quite different from those of ordinary black holes in 4 dimensions. The paper investigates the Lense-Thirring precession by black holes in the Randall-Sandrum model caused by the frame-dragging effect. Lense-Thirring precession is a general relativistic effect that occurs when a rotating particle is displaced vertically from the equatorial axis of a rotating body in such a way that the framedragging causes oscillations around the ecliptic and periapsis. The Randall-Sandrum model assumes that our universe is a negative tension domain wall separated from the positive tension wall by an anti-de Sitter space slab. The space-time of a black hole in the Randall-Sandrum model of the "brane world" theory is characterized by an induced tidal charge. In particular, a generalized expression for the Lense-Thirring precession rate in the case of a strong and weak gravitational field is obtained. Further, the precession of the gyroscope in the plane θ=0 is considered, the dependence of the Lense-Thirring precession rate for a stellar-mass black hole and a supermassive black hole is shown for different values of the tidal charge β. The results of numerical simulation are presented for various values of the tidal charge and the radial coordinate.
ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF PIGMENTS OF THE GENUS JANTHINOBACTERIUM
Authors:   Ufa Institute of biology, MILMAN P.YU. , GILVANOVA E.A. ,   Ufa Institute of biology, KUZMINA L.YU. ,   Ufa Institute of biology, GALIMZIANOVA N.F. ,   Ufa Institute of biology
Published: March 2023

Microbial pigments are known among natural sources, including melanin, pyocyanin, bacteriochlorophyll, violacein, prodigiosin and carotenoids, which exhibit a variety of biological activity as antioxidants and demonstrate anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antiparasitic and antimicrobial properties. Isolation, research and identification of pigment-producing strains are of interest for the development of biotechnological processes aimed at industrial biosynthesis of these compounds. The antibacterial properties of blue-violet (VIO) and red (RED) pigments of new strains of bacteria IB-ST-GO and IB-ST-GOR isolated from natural waters of the Shulgan-Tash cave's vaucluse spring (Southern Urals) have been studied. Sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene revealed that the producers of IB-ST-GO and IB-ST-GOR pigments belong to representatives of Janthinobacterium lividum with a similarity level of 99.72 and 99.86% respectively. The pigments were extracted with 96% ethanol from biomass obtained by cultivating strains on Wakimoto agar medium. According to the results of spectrophotometric analysis, it was found that the VIO pigment belongs to the violacein family, and the RED pigment belongs to the prodigiosin family. The isolated pigments were tested for antibacterial action against 8 types of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, inhibitory concentrations of both crude preparations were determined. VIO and RED pigments exhibit an inhibitory effect in the concentration range of 1.0-5.0 mg/ml for a sample of gram-positive bacteria, whereas for gram-negative bacteria, the level of inhibitory concentrations for RED is 10.0-20.0 mg/ml, and for VIO above 20.0 mg/ml. RED pigment exhibits a more dose-dependent effect and a higher selectivity towards gram-positive bacteria than VIO. Together, both pigments are strong inhibitors of the growth of grampositive bacteria, while the antimicrobial activity of both pigments against gram-negative bacteria is low.
A Phenomenological Investigation of Senior High School Learners with Low English Language Proficiency
Authors: Romero Ronald D. , Cortezano Glen P. , Manaig Karen A. , Yazon Alberto D. , Tesoro John Frederick B.
Published: March 2023

Several studies have been conducted locally to internationally, revealing the deterioration of the English proficiency of Filipinos, especially high school learners. Still, only a few have determined the causes of why it is constantly happening. Hence, this phenomenological study investigated the experiences of public senior high school learners under the Technical-Vocational-Livelihood (TVL) track with low English language proficiency to identify various reasons why they are still encountering such problems in English and create an intervention program for them to enhance their skills. Specifically, this research utilized transcendental phenomenology and applied triangulation of the three methods: observations, field notes, and interviews. Also, the researcher followed Colaizzi's Method of Phenomenology, as presented in Morrow, Rodriguez, and King (2015), in analyzing and interpreting the data gathered from the individual interviews. Based on the testimonies and shared experiences of the participants, they knew they had difficulty learning English as early as elementary, while others were during their Junior High School (JHS) and Senior High School (SHS) years. In this study, the following themes emerged: traumatic experience, language anxiety, external factors, learners' motivation and interest, self-awareness, academic performance, learning styles and strategies, and the essence and value of the English language. The researcher recommends that teachers address the learners' problems to enhance their English proficiency and academic performance. It was also recommended for future researchers to investigate the teachers' perspective and assessment based on their experience since they are considered one factor in the learners' low English language proficiency.
The historical experience of creating administrative centers for national autonomies: the founda-tion and development of the city of Mikoyan-Shahar (1926-1943)
Authors:   Pyatigorsk State University, Zaven V. Akopyan
Published: March 2023

In the history of national-state construction in the 1920s and 1930s, almost all autonomies and other large territorial units already had cities with the status of administrative centers and capitals. All of them existed long before the establishment of Soviet power, and they were dominated by a population that did not belong to the titular nation of the corresponding autonomous republic or region. The only exception was the Karachay Autonomous region, formed in 1926, on the territory of which there was not a single settlement suitable for an administrative center. The author of the article gives a set of reasons that became the basis for the decision to build a new city with the name Mikoyan-Shahar (present-day Karachayevsk). At the present stage, the same situation has developed with the Ingush Republic. Thanks to the support of the federal center, the construction of a new capital, the city of Magas, has begun for this republic.
The history of the study of the Russian population of Dagestan and the Terek Cossacks (XVIII – early XXI century): historical and bibliographic review
Authors:   Dagestan Federal Research Center of the RAS, Abidat A. Gazieva , Ruslan I. Seferbekov , Olga B. Khalidova
Published: March 2023

This paper presents a historiographical review of studies about the history of Russians and Cos-sacks of Dagestan and the North Caucasus in the late Middle Ages, modern, soviet and contempo-rary times. The history of the study of the Russians and the Cossacks in each of these historical periods had its own characteristics and was determined by the socio-political, socio-economic and cultural processes occurring in the country. The authors believe that the most complete and com-prehensive, free from ideological attitudes, historical and ethnographic study of the Russians and the Cossacks, was conducted in modern times. This is because of the new paradigm of the state and social structure of Russia, associated with the unfavorable international political and econom-ic situation, the global challenges of our time; such as an increase in ethnic self-awareness of the Russians who make up most of the population; bring awareness to their responsibility for the peo-ples’ fate of Russia and the entire world. Further study of the historiography of various groups of the domestic and foreign Russian population and the Cossacks is promising to create generalizing works on the history and ethnography of Russians in Russia and other countries of the world. In the article, based on the analysis of the works of the authors of pre-revolutionary, Soviet and modern historiography, using historical-genetic, comparative-historical, typological and his-torical-systemic methods, a historical and bibliographic review of the main works on the history of Russians and the Cossacks of Dagestan and the North Caucasus is given.
Problems of existence of the Adygean language among the adygean youth: on the example of comparison of urban and rural students in the city of Maikop
Authors:   Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology. N.N. Miklukho-Maclay of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Murat Yu. Donezhuk
Published: March 2023

The article handles the existence of the Adyghe language among the Adyghe youth studying in the universities of Maykop. In particular, two groups of Adyghe students are compared: students born in the city and those born in the countryside. This study is based on the results of an ethno-sociological mass survey of student youth in universities in Maikop, conducted in the spring of 2021. The data obtained show that Adyghe city students, less often than students born in rural are-as, use the Adyghe language in communication at home, on the street, and at work. The most sig-nificant reasons for such existence of the Adyghe language seem to be that students born in the city are less likely to speak the Adyghe language, and also live in a multi-ethnic environment that limits the use of the language in everyday life.
Some aspects of funeral rites among modern abkhazians
Authors:   Russian Museum of Ethnography, Ritsa Sh. Zelnitskaya
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the funeral rite in modern Abkhazian society. For a long time, the ancestors of modern Abkhazians got acquainted with Christianity and Islam, and these world religions have left their mark on the ritual life of Abkhazian society. Despite their influ-ence, it is important for modern Abkhazians to observe not so much religious norms as what they consider their traditional «Abkhazianism», demonstrating some local differences, to which special attention is paid in the article. The article reflects the role of relatives-mourners, whose lamenta-tions during the funeral «make even a stone cry». The concern about the state of the soul of the deceased is also noted, which is manifested because the Abkhazians send belongings together with the deceased, which in their opinion will certainly be useful to him. Some things, it is believed, the deceased requests in a dream, and through them, the connection between the living and the de-ceased is maintained.
Metric-rhyming system of the Adyghe verse: problems of formation and development
Authors:   The Institute for the Humanities Research – Affiliated Kabardian-Balkarian Sci-entific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lyudmila B. Khavzhokova
Published: March 2023

The article examines the metric-rhyming system of the Adyghe (Kabardian, Circassian, Ady-gheyan) literary verse. Metrics and rhyme, as well as the versification system, haven’t become the subject of special study to this day, which is the reason this stated topic is addressed. The primary attention, on one hand, is focused on the specifics of the syllabic-tonic meters (trochee, iambic, dactyl, amphibrach, anapest) development and the features of their functioning in different genres and genre forms, but on the other hand, the evolution of rhyme in national poetry is traced. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the first attempts to make a comprehensive study of the met-rical-rhyming system of the Adyghe verse at all stages of its development. Based on the results obtained, it is established that in the written poetry of the Circassians during the initial period of evolution, the “double rhyme” was applied; to date, all syllabi-tonic poetic meters in their multi-footed variations have been widely developed.