bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protecting Environment through Criminal Sanction Aggravation
Authors: Ali Mahrus , Wahanisa Rofi , Barkhuizen Jaco , Teeraphan Papontee
Published: June 2022

This paper aims to explores the provision of aggravating criminal sanction that protects environment in environmental legislation. By focusing on the four laws as its primary data source, this study employed doctrinal legal research. The results showed that the weight accorded to criminal sanctions in environmental legislation, has varied. The PPLH Law provides for the amplification of criminal threats directed at corporations by adding 1/3 (one-third) of the criminal sentence. Only companies are subject to the penalty aggravation provisions of the Mining Law, and they are only imposed with one-third of the maximum criminal provision of fines. In the PPPH Law, the imposition of criminal threats weight is simply related to the quantity component. If the culprit is a corporation or official, the criminal sanction aggravation is increased by one-third. In Plantation Law, if the offender is a corporate or a government official, then the criminal punishment is intensified. The environment is protected through acts prohibited by environmental legislation, but the criminal threat weight is not directed toward environmental preservation. Existing penalty aggravations are confined to only two types of criminal penalties: jail and fines, both of which have no direct connection to environmental protection. As a result, weighting criminal sanctions refers to the changing quality and quantity issues in order to safeguard the environment. The transition from criminal sanction to treatment, or from one type of treatment to another, was the focus of quality considerations, while the twofold criminal fine system was the focus of quantity element.
Economía global, gestión escolar y calidad educativa, análisis contextual desde el proyecto educativo institucional
Authors: Mosquera Mosquera Carlos Enrique , Ramírez Martínez Jorge Enrique , Martínez Chaparro Ángela María
Published: June 2022

This article reflects on the need to reorient school management so that it meets, on the one hand, the requirements of the national educational policy in terms of measurable quality indicators typical of the global economy, promoted by the Colombian Ministry of Education, and, on the other hand, three axes of interpretation are integrated into the notions of educational quality: 1) thinking about school management as a bridge from the institutional educational project; 2) educational quality and school gap; and 3) fearing or humanizing efficiency and effectiveness. Likewise, it seeks to show the importance of humanizing educational management in the achievement of objectives and goals, under the notions of efficiency and effectiveness in basic and secondary education in a scenario of social gap, educational change, pedagogical turn and training crisis.
Policy Statement: Breastfeeding and the Use of Human Milk
Authors: Meek Joan Younger , Noble Lawrence ,   Section on  Breastfeeding
Published: June 2022

Breastfeeding and human milk are the normative standards for infant feeding and nutrition. The short- and long-term medical and neurodevelopmental advantages of breastfeeding make breastfeeding, or the provision of human milk, a public health imperative. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends exclusive breastfeeding for approximately 6 months after birth. Furthermore, the AAP supports continued breastfeeding, along with appropriate complementary foods introduced at about 6 months, as long as mutually desired by mother and child for 2 years or beyond. These recommendations are consistent with those of the World Health Organization (WHO). Medical contraindications to breastfeeding are rare. The AAP recommends that birth hospitals or centers implement maternity care practices shown to improve breastfeeding initiation, duration, and exclusivity. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and The Joint Commission monitor breastfeeding practices in US hospitals. Pediatricians play a critical role in hospitals, their practices, and communities as advocates of breastfeeding and, thus, need to be trained about the benefits of breastfeeding for mothers and children and in managing breastfeeding.
Technical Report: Breastfeeding and the Use of Human Milk
Authors: Meek Joan Younger , Noble Lawrence
Published: June 2022

Breastfeeding and human milk are the normative standards for infant feeding and nutrition. The short- and long-term medical and neurodevelopmental advantages of breastfeeding make breastfeeding or the provision of human milk a public health imperative. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends exclusive breastfeeding for approximately 6 months after birth. Furthermore, the AAP supports continued breastfeeding, along with appropriate complementary foods introduced at about 6 months, as long as mutually desired by mother and child for 2 years or beyond. These recommendations are consistent with those of the World Health Organization (WHO). Medical contraindications to breastfeeding are rare. The AAP recommends that birth hospitals or centers implement maternity care practices shown to improve breastfeeding initiation, duration, and exclusivity. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and The Joint Commission monitor breastfeeding practices in United States hospitals. Pediatricians play a critical role in hospitals, their practices, and communities as advocates of breastfeeding and, thus, need to be trained about the benefits of breastfeeding for mothers and children and in managing breastfeeding. Efforts to improve breastfeeding rates must acknowledge existing disparities and the impact of racism in promoting equity in breastfeeding education, support, and services.
Laparoscopic versus open hysterectomy in type I endometrial cancer – a tertiary referral center experience
Authors:   Surgical Oncology Unit, Oncology Center Mansoura University (OCMU), Mansoura, Egypt, Gaballa Khaled , Hamdy Omar ,   Surgical Oncology Unit, Oncology Center Mansoura University (OCMU), Mansoura, Egypt, Refky Basel ,   Surgical Oncology Unit, Oncology Center Mansoura University (OCMU), Mansoura, Egypt, Abdelkhalek Mohamed ,   Surgical Oncology Unit, Oncology Center Mansoura University (OCMU), Mansoura, Egypt
Published: June 2022

Background: Surgery has been considered the cornerstone in the management of endometrial cancer, especially in its early stages. The use of minimally invasive surgeries in patients with endometrial cancers has been widely adopted worldwide. In this study, we discuss the outcomes of type I endometrial cancer patients who underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy at our center. Results: The patients were categorized into two groups: open surgery group (59 patients) and laparoscopy group (60 patients). There was no significant difference between both groups as regards the epidemiologic and clinicopathologic parameters. There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the FIGO stage (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics). Operative time was significantly longer in the laparoscopy group compared to the open surgery group (p < 0.0001). No significant difference was found between both groups as regards the type of operation and blood loss. The rate of intraoperative complications was nearly similar in both groups. There was no significant statistical difference between the numbers of lymph node yield in both groups. Conclusion: The results in this study support the use of laparoscopy in early stage type I endometrial cancers without compromising the oncological outcomes regarding the disease-free and overall survival. We encourage further prospective multicenter randomized trials to consolidate these results.
Magnetic resonance imaging-guided high-dose planned adaptive intensity-modulated radiation therapy for locally advanced cervical cancer
Authors:   Department of Radiation Oncology, Tokyo-Edogawa Cancer Centre, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, Hama Yukihiro , Tate Etsuko ,   Department of Radiation Oncology, Tokyo-Edogawa Cancer Centre, Edogawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
Published: June 2022

Magnetic resonance imaging-guided radiotherapy can accurately irradiate moving targets such as cervical cancer. An 82-year-old woman with locally advanced cervical cancer was referred for palliative radiotherapy. She had refused chemotherapy and brachytherapy, so she was treated with external beam radiotherapy to control her uterine bleeding and to alleviate pubic pain. Since her cervical cancer had no metastases, and she was expected to survive for a long time, curative doses of radiation (70–80 Gy/28 fractions) were administered by magnetic resonance imaging-guided planned adaptive intensity-modulated radiation therapy. Six months after intensity-modulated radiation therapy, the tumor disappeared without adverse events, and her symptoms were relieved. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of locally advanced cervical cancer treated with high-dose magnetic resonance imaging-guided adaptive intensity-modulated radiation therapy.
The effect of whey type on the yield and quality characteristics of Urda
Authors:   Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Department of Food and Biotechnology, Rudjer Boskovic 16, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia mail, Chadikovski Aleksandar
Published: June 2022

In this research, whey cheese Urda was produced in industrial conditions by thermal denaturation, followed by protein aggregation and precipitation of whey which was obtained during production of white brined cheese and Kashkaval. The impact of milk pasteurization temperature, pH values, protein content, and whey type on the Urda quality and yield was examined. The impact of whey pH on Urda yield was evaluated in the pH range from 4.5 to 6.0. Urda yield reached a maximum pH value between 5.2 and 5.4. The highest Urda yield from white brined cheese whey was obtained at pasteurization temperature of 72 °C. By increasing the temperature to 80 °C, the whey protein content and the Urda yield decreased. Whey type had no significant impact on the sensory and textural characteristics of Urda. Urda was classified as a low-fat soft albumin cheese. Valorisation of whey generated after production of white brined cheese, and manufacturing of Urda with maximum yield and optimal functional properties, is not only of economic importance, but can be conducive to improve waste water quality.
Spectroscopy characterization of acid and rennet camel milk caseins using XRD, XPS, and SEM and effects on their emulsifying properties
Authors:   University of Tiaret, Laboratory of plant physiology applied to soilless corps, Faculty of Nature Sciences and Life, BP 78, 14000, Tiaret, Algeria, Bensalah Bachir
Published: June 2022

Casein, the main protein in milk, is a viable protein source for natural emulsifiers, which are frequently utilized in food emulsions. Camel milk casein powders obtained by acid and rennet coagulation were investigated and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These methods gave extensive information regarding crystal structure, surface composition, and secondary and microstructures of the camel caseins, respectively. Therefrom new acknowledgements on morphology and surface composition have emerged, which is necessary to better understand functional characteristics such as emulsifying behaviour (i.e., emulsion’s stability over time and the oil droplet size). The O and C atomic proportions of camel casein surfaces generated by acidification were greater than those obtained through rennet-induced coagulation, whereas the percentage of N atomic was lower, according to XPS measurements. The oxygen to carbon (O/C) ratios on the surface of camel caseins produced by the two coagulation techniques were comparable. But, the enzymatic coagulation method yielded a high (N/C) ratio. ‎The findings suggested that rennet-induced coagulation might influence the C, O, and N components on the surface of camel milk caseins. Furthermore, SEM and XRD data revealed that acid aggregation affected casein micelle’s morphology, resulting in more β-sheet and smooth structures. Rennet camel caseins, on the other hand, have a porous colloidal surface. ‎A correlation between the casein surface composition and the emulsifying stability of the casein powders was observed, whereas the droplet size and stability of emulsions were strongly improved by the rennet-induced coagulation method.
Characterization of Quark-like probiotic cheese produced from a mixture of buffalo milk and cow milk
Authors:   Usak University, Engineering Faculty, Department of Food Engineering, 1 Eylül Campus, 64000, Uşak-Türkiye, Guneser Onur
Published: June 2022

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential application of buffalo milk in the production of Quark-like cheese enriched with probiotic cultures of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus. Compositional, physicochemical, textural, aromatic, and sensory attributes of the cheese samples prepared using different ratios of buffalo milk and cow milk were investigated. The results revealed significant differences among the analysed cheese samples with respect to the dry matter, fat and protein content. The cheese samples prepared using only buffalo milk had the highest contents of dry matter, fat, and protein compared to the cheese samples prepared using only cow milk. Titratable acidity of the cheese samples was in the range of 0.91 to 1.52 (lactic acid %), while the water-soluble nitrogen content varied between 7.88% and 11.22% during storage. Increasing the proportion of cow milk in cheese caused an increase in the L* and Hue colour values. The cheese samples prepared from buffalo milk showed the highest value for hardness, while the lowest hardness value was observed for cheese samples prepared using cow milk. All cheese samples had higher levels of acetic acid, butanoic acid, 3-methyl butanoic acid, and hexanoic acid compared to other volatile compounds. L. acidophilus and L. rhamnosus counts during storage were in the range of 9.02-9.18 log CFU/g and 9.12-9.30 log CFU/g, respectively. The sour taste was determined to be dominant in all cheese samples, followed by the sweet taste. Creamy, cooked, and fermented flavours were the most prominent flavours in all cheese samples.
Materials for ultra-efficient, high-speed optoelectronics
Authors: Moody Galan , Islam M. Saif
Published: June 2022

High-speed optoelectronics is central to many important developments in the communication, computing, sensing, imaging, and autonomous vehicle industries. With a sharp rise of attention on energy efficiency, researchers have proposed and demonstrated innovative materials, high-speed devices, and components integrated on a single platform that exhibit ultralow power consumption and ultrawide bandwidth. Recently reported material growth and device fabrication techniques offer the potential for high-density integration of optoelectronics close to the capability and cost of conventional electronics. A tremendous synergy can be attained by integrating multiple materials with superior properties on the same chip using heterogeneous integration, heteroepitaxy, nano-heteroepitaxy, and other co-packaging strategies within the complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) ecosystem. This issue ofMRS Bulletin offers an overview of the field and covers the latest developments on various ultraefficient materials, high-speed devices, their physical properties, current trends, and future directions in optoelectronics and their integration on a silicon platform.

Graphical abstract
Austrian Government Cycle Theory
Authors:   University of the Latin American Educational Center, Futerman Alan , Barnett II William ,   Loyola University New Orleans, Block Walter ,   Loyola University New Orleans
Published: June 2022

When government accounted for a small proportion of the economy, the Austrian Business Cycle Theory (ABCT) was apropos because private enterprises comprised the lion’s share of commercial interactions. But, of late, in more and more countries, the share of the economy accounted for by the state has increased, and that by business fi rms, less and less. Thus, it is time, it is past time, to introduce a new concept, Austrian Government Cycle Theory (AGCT). The present paper is an attempt to move us in that direction.
System więziennictwa w latach 1945–1958. Analiza na przykładzie funkcjonowania Wojewódzkiego Więzienia Karno-Śledczego w Bydgoszczy
Authors:   Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego, Ptaszyński Artur
Published: June 2022

Tematem artykułu jest system więziennictwa w Polsce Ludowej, funkcjonujący w latach 1945–1958. Celem artykułu jest udokumentowanie i analiza funkcjonowania systemu więziennictwa w tym okresie na przykładzie Wojewódzkiego Więzienia Karno-Śledczego w Bydgoszczy. Realizując cel pracy autor sformułował hipotezę badawczą, zgodnie z którą rozbudowa i funkcjonowanie powojennego systemu więziennictwa przyczyniły się do zaostrzenia i rozbudowy systemu represji wobec skazanych. W celu weryfikacji hipotezy zastosowano metody badawcze oparte na analizie dokumentów archiwalnych i danych statystycznych.
Story Generation with Crowdsourced Plot Graphs
Authors: Li Boyang , Lee-Urban Stephen , Johnston George , Riedl Mark
Published: June 2022

Story generation is the problem of automatically selecting a sequence of events that meet a set of criteria and can be told as a story. Story generation is knowledge-intensive; traditional story generators rely on a priori defined domain models about fictional worlds, including characters, places, and actions that can be performed. Manually authoring the domain models is costly and thus not scalable. We present a novel class of story generation system that can generate stories in an unknown domain. Our system (a) automatically learns a domain model by crowdsourcing a corpus of narrative examples and (b) generates stories by sampling from the space defined by the domain model. A large-scale evaluation shows that stories generated by our system for a previously unknown topic are comparable in quality to simple stories authored by untrained humans
Modeling and Predicting Popularity Dynamics via Reinforced Poisson Processes
Authors: Shen Huawei , Wang Dashun , Song Chaoming , Barabási Albert-László
Published: June 2022

An ability to predict the popularity dynamics of individual items within a complex evolving system has important implications in an array of areas. Here we propose a generative probabilistic framework using a reinforced Poisson process to explicitly model the process through which individual items gain their popularity. This model distinguishes itself from existing models via its capability of modeling the arrival process of popularity and its remarkable power at predicting the popularity of individual items. It possesses the flexibility of applying Bayesian treatment to further improve the predictive power using a conjugate prior. Extensive experiments on a longitudinal citation dataset demonstrate that this model consistently outperforms existing popularity prediction methods.
On the Axiomatic Characterization of Runoff Voting Rules
Authors: Freeman Rupert , Brill Markus , Conitzer Vincent
Published: June 2022

Runoff voting rules such as single transferable vote (STV) and Baldwin's rule are of particular interest in computational social choice due to their recursive nature and hardness of manipulation, as well as in (human) practice because they are relatively easy to understand. However, they are not known for their compliance with desirable axiomatic properties, which we attempt to rectify here. We characterize runoff rules that are based on scoring rules using two axioms: a weakening of local independence of irrelevant alternatives and a variant of population-consistency. We then show, as our main technical result, that STV is the only runoff scoring rule satisfying an independence-of-clones property. Furthermore, we provide axiomatizations of Baldwin's rule and Coombs' rule.
Learning Concept Embeddings for Query Expansion by Quantum Entropy Minimization
Authors: Sordoni Alessandro , Bengio Yoshua , Nie Jian-Yun
Published: June 2022

In web search, users queries are formulated using only few terms and term-matching retrieval functions could fail at retrieving relevant documents. Given a user query, the technique of query expansion (QE) consists in selecting related terms that could enhance the likelihood of retrieving relevant documents. Selecting such expansion terms is challenging and requires a computational framework capable of encoding complex semantic relationships. In this paper, we propose a novel method for learning, in a supervised way, semantic representations for words and phrases. By embedding queries and documents in special matrices, our model disposes of an increased representational power with respect to existing approaches adopting a vector representation. We show that our model produces high-quality query expansion terms. Our expansion increase IR measures beyond expansion from current word-embeddings models and well-established traditional QE methods.
Encoding Tree Sparsity in Multi-Task Learning: A Probabilistic Framework
Authors: Han Lei , Zhang Yu , Song Guojie , Xie Kunqing
Published: June 2022

Multi-task learning seeks to improve the generalization performance by sharing common information among multiple related tasks. A key assumption in most MTL algorithms is that all tasks are related, which, however, may not hold in many real-world applications. Existing techniques, which attempt to address this issue, aim to identify groups of related tasks using group sparsity. In this paper, we propose a probabilistic tree sparsity (PTS) model to utilize the tree structure to obtain the sparse solution instead of the group structure. Specifically, each model coefficient in the learning model is decomposed into a product of multiple component coefficients each of which corresponds to a node in the tree. Based on the decomposition, Gaussian and Cauchy distributions are placed on the component coefficients as priors to restrict the model complexity. We devise an efficient expectation maximization algorithm to learn the model parameters. Experiments conducted on both synthetic and real-world problems show the effectiveness of our model compared with state-of-the-art baselines.
Energy Disaggregation via Learning Powerlets and Sparse Coding
Authors: Elhamifar Ehsan , Sastry Shankar
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we consider the problem of energy disaggregation, i.e., decomposing a whole home electricity signal into its component appliances. We propose a new supervised algorithm, which in the learning stage, automatically extracts signature consumption patterns of each device by modeling the device as a mixture of dynamical systems. In order to extract signature consumption patterns of a device corresponding to its different modes of operation, we define appropriate dissimilarities between energy snippets of the device and use them in a subset selection scheme, which we generalize to deal with time-series data. We then form a dictionary that consists of extracted power signatures across all devices. We cast the disaggregation problem as an optimization over a representation in the learned dictionary and incorporate several novel priors such as device-sparsity, knowledge about devices that do or do not work together as well as temporal consistency of the disaggregated solution. Real experiments on a publicly available energy dataset demonstrate that our proposed algorithm achieves promising results for energy disaggregation.
On Computing Explanations in Argumentation
Authors: Fan Xiuyi , Toni Francesca
Published: June 2022

Argumentation can be viewed as a process of generating explanations. However, existing argumentation semantics are developed for identifying acceptable arguments within a set, rather than giving concrete justifications for them. In this work, we propose a new argumentation semantics, related admissibility, designed for giving explanations to arguments in both Abstract Argumentation and Assumption-based Argumentation. We identify different types of explanations defined in terms of the new semantics. We also give a correct computational counterpart for explanations using dispute forests.
On the Diagnosis of Cyber-Physical Production Systems
Authors: Niggemann Oliver , Lohweg Volker
Published: June 2022

Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPSs) are in the focus of research, industry and politics: By applying new IT and new computer science solutions, production systems will become more adaptable, more resource ef- ficient and more user friendly. The analysis and diagnosis of such systems is a major part of this trend: Plants should detect automatically wear, faults and suboptimal configurations. This paper reflects the current state-of- the-art in diagnosis against the requirements of CPPSs, identifies three main gaps and gives application scenarios to outline first ideas for potential solutions to close these gaps.
Personalized Microblog Sentiment Classification via Multi-Task Learning
Authors: Wu Fangzhao , Huang Yongfeng
Published: June 2022

Microblog sentiment classification is an interesting and important research topic with wide applications. Traditional microblog sentiment classification methods usually use a single model to classify the messages from different users and omit individuality. However, microblogging users frequently embed their personal character, opinion bias and language habits into their messages, and the same word may convey different sentiments in messages posted by different users. In this paper, we propose a personalized approach for microblog sentiment classification. In our approach, each user has a personalized sentiment classifier, which is decomposed into two components, a global one and a user-specific one. Our approach can capture the individual personality and at the same time leverage the common sentiment knowledge shared by all users. The personalized sentiment classifiers of massive users are trained in a collaborative way based on multi-task learning to handle the data sparseness problem. In addition, we incorporate users' social relations into our model to strengthen the learning of the personalized models. Moreover, we propose a distributed optimization algorithm to solve our model in parallel. Experiments on two real-world microblog sentiment datasets validate that our approach can improve microblog sentiment classification accuracy effectively and efficiently.
Learning Structural Features of Nodes in Large-Scale Networks for Link Prediction
Authors: Zhiyuli Aakas , Liang Xun , Zhou Xiaoping
Published: June 2022

We present an algorithm (LsNet2Vec) that, given a large-scale network (millions of nodes), embeds the structural features of node into a lower and fixed dimensions of vector in the set of real numbers. We experiment and evaluate our proposed approach with twelve datasets collected from SNAP. Results show that our model performs comparably with state-of-the-art methods, such as Katz method and Random Walk Restart method, in various experiment settings.
Changes in Children’s Play During COVID-19 Pandemic: Parents’ Views
Authors: PALA Şengül , COŞGUN Ayşegül Akıncı , YILMAZ Aynur
Published: June 2022

This study examines parents’ views on the changes in their children’s play at the

beginning of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) process. The study sample consists

of 38 parents, twenty mothers, and eighteen fathers who reside in different city centers

(Trabzon, Istanbul, Bursa, and Ankara) in Turkey and have children between three

and six. The data were collected with “demographic information form” and “open-ended

question form” created by the researchers. Data were collected online via ‘Google Forms.’

Descriptive statistics were used in the analysis of the data. As a result of the research,

it was found that children’s play differs according to the type of play, play area, material

type, and playing time with parents. The change in the type of play consisted of an increase

in pretend play, an increase in educational plays, an increase in board games, an increase in plays involving art activities, a decrease in play behaviors that requires being

physically active, an increase in building plays, and an increase in science and nature

knowledge plays. The change in material type consisted of an increase in the use of technological

tools. The change in the play area consisted of a decrease in outdoor play and

an increase in indoor play. These results are discussed with the relevant literature. Change

in playing time with parents consisted of increase in playing with mother and increase

in playing with father. These results are discussed within the framework of the relevant

literature.
Giovanni Aldini’nin Yangından Korunmayı Sağlayan İcadının Saraya Takdimi
Authors: DİKER Sevgi Ağca
Published: June 2022

İnsanlığın ortak sorunu olan yangınla mücadelede 19. yüzyılda önemli bir ilerleme

kaydedilmiştir. Bu ilerleme de İtalyan bilim adamı Giovanni Aldini’nin etkisi büyüktür.

Aldini, amyanttan (asbest) dokunan yanmayan bir kumaş ve bunun yanında yangın

esnasında itfaiyecilerin kullanabilmesi için çeşitli malzemeler icat etmiştir. Bu icadıyla

ilgili üretim ve bilimsel yayınlar yapan Aldini, Avrupa’nın çeşitli merkezlerinde tatbikatlar

yaptırmıştır. Avrupa’da bu gelişmeler yaşanırken Osmanlı Devleti 1826’da Yeniçeri

Ocağı’yla birlikte Tulumbacılar Ocağı’nı da kapatmış ve yangınla mücadele edecek

resmî bir kurum bırakmamıştır. 2 Ağustos 1826’da çıkan Hocapaşa yangınıyla mücadele

edecek bir kurum olmadığından, Bâbıali başta olmak üzere birçok devlet kurumu ciddi

zararlar görmüştür. Giovanni Aldini, Avrupa krallıklarına ve soylularına buluşunu tanıttıktan

sonra Osmanlı padişahına tam da 1826 Hocapaşa yangının ardından yangına karşı

koruyucu buluşlarıyla ilgili başvuruda bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmada, Aldini’nin amyanttan

(asbes) ürettiği yanmayan kumaş ve diğer ürünleri Sultan II. Mahmud’a takdim etmek

için yazdığı mektup ve hazırlattığı Türkçe özet ele alınmıştır. Aldini’nin bu önemli buluşu

hakkında bilgileri Osmanlı devletinin en çok ihtiyacı olan bir zamanda sunmuş olmasına

rağmen, değerlendirilmeme sebepleri de incelenecektir.
Tahirü’l-Mevlevî, Aruz-Kâfiye-Nazım Türleri ve Nazım Şekilleri- Tedrîsât-ı Edebiyyeden Nazm ve Eşkâl-i Nazm, haz. Mehmet Atalay
Authors: BEŞENK Gamze
Published: June 2022

Kültürümüzün değerli isimlerinden ve velûd yazarlarından olan Tahirü’l

Mevlevî hayatı boyunca sayısız eser kaleme almıştır. Maîşetini sağlamak için

çeşitli memuriyetlerde çalışmakla birlikte öğretmenlik de yapmış ve bu mesleği

aşkla icra etmiştir. İçinden çıkılması zor konuları bile öğrencilerine açık ve anlaşılır

bir anlatımla öğretmeyi başarmıştır. Ona göre “Öğretmek, ilmin zekatı”dır.

Bu yazımızda, asıl adı Mehmet Tahir Olgun olan Tahirü’l Mevlevî’nin Tedrisât-ı

Edebiyyeden Nazm ve Eşkâl-i Nazm adlı eserini tanıtacak ve eserle ilgili değerlendirmelerde

bulunacağız.
Using yellow sticky traps in control to Cacopsylla pyri (L.) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) on pear trees
Authors: Bozkurt Vildan , Uğur Avni
Published: June 2022

This study investigates the applicability of a mass trapping method using yellow sticky traps for controlling the pear psyllid Cacopsylla pyri (L.) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), which is harmful to pear trees. Studies involving Ankara pear-variety saplings were carried out in the Ankara province in three different pear orchards in two different locations in 2012. In the first stage of the study, experiments were conducted using visual yellow sticky traps to determine trap activity in the pear orchard. Afterward, mass trapping studies were carried out with the number of traps determined to be most effective in two different orchards. At the end of the study, it was observed that the yellow sticky traps had demonstrated a very high ability to attract C. pyri adults, but were insufficient to suppress the pest as time progressed. As a result, it was concluded that the use of yellow sticky traps alone in the control of C. pyri would not be sufficient. However, it has been concluded that the traps can be used as a monitor in the early spring period when overwintered C. pyri adults are present and the beneficial population is inactive.
Financial and Macroeconomic Indicators of Recession Risk
Authors: Kiley Michael T.
Published: June 2022

Recessions impose sizable hardship, with large increases in the unemployment rate and related dislocations. In addition, recessions can lead to large shifts in financial markets. As a result, economists and financial market professionals have considered prediction models to assess the probability of a recession.
Fantastik Sinema ve Mitolojinin Metinlerarası Aktarımı: Harry Potter ve Felsefe Taşı Örneği
Authors: YAVAŞ Bilge
Published: June 2022

Tür sınıflandırmasının sinemada kullanılmaya başlamasıyla izleyicinin tür etiketi aracılığıyla filmin içeriğine yönelik bir tema seçebildiği, yapımcıların da izleyici potansiyeline yönelik üretime geçtiği karşılıklı bir etkileşim ortaya çıkmıştır. Başlangıçta sınırları çizilen türler bir süre sonra yapımcı ve izleyici arasındaki karşılıklı beklenti sonucu iç içe geçmiş ve türsel melezleşme gerçekleşmiştir. Fantastik tür bağlamında yürütülen bu çalışmada fantastik, “melez tür” olarak ele alınmıştır. Fantastik türün melezliğinin sinematik biçim ve içerik açısından birçok alttürün çeşitliliğini yansıtmasından kaynaklandığı varsayılmaktadır. Bu çeşitlilik içerisinde özellikle mitolojik kaynaklardan ilham aldığı düşünülmektedir. Çağdaş fantazya filmlerinden biri olan ve uzun yıllardır popülerliğini koruyan Harry Potter ve Felsefe Taşı filmi olay örgüsünde birçok farklı mitolojiyi barındırmasından dolayı çalışmanın örneklemi olarak seçilmiş ve çalışma örneklem film çerçevesinde sınırlandırılmıştır. Böylece fantastik tür sineması ve bu türe kaynaklık eden mitolojik unsurlar bağlamında nasıl bir metinlerarası aktarım yapıldığını analiz etmek amaçlanmaktadır. Sonuç olarak filmde yer alan olayların, kahramanların, canavarların ve büyülü nesnelerin mitolojide nasıl karşılık bulduğu saptanmıştır.
'Gök Gürültüsü: Muhteşem Akıl' Şiirinin “Toplumun Kendini İcrası” Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN Mehmet
Published: June 2022

Nag Hammadi Kütüphanesinde, VI. Cildin 2. kitabı olan “Gök Gürültüsü: Muhteşem Akıl”, tek bir şiirden oluşmaktadır. Şiirin Gnostik bir metin olup olmadığı, şiirin ilahi bir varlığın kendisini anlattığı bir aretoloji mi olduğu yoksa içinde bulunduğu, toplumdaki söylemsel, psikolojik ve siyasi iktidar biçimlerini altüst etmek için mi yazıldığı uzmanlar arasında tartışılmaya devam etmektedir. Şiir anlam bakımından çok daha büyük anlama zorluklarını içinde barındırmaktadır. Sürekli birbirini yalanlayan ve çürüten çelişik ifadelerle ve daha sonra çelişkiyi de bozan bakışımsız ifadelerle örülmüştür. Biz bu makalemizde şiir üzerine yapılan tartışmaların bir derlemesini yaptık ardından şiirin felsefi gnostisizmin bir örneği olmasından hareketle felsefi açıdan çözümlemesini yaptık. Şiirin icra edilmesinin anlamını Durkheim’ın ritüelle ilgili çözümlemelerinden hareketle analiz ettik.
WHAT DIGILATIZATION HAS TRANSFORMED: CONTINUITIES AND DISCONTINUITIES FROM ANALOGUE TO DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY
Authors: ÇETİN Uğur
Published: June 2022

150 years after the invention of analogue photography in 1989, digital photography appeared andtransformed the traditional perceptions about photography. In the era when analogue photography wascommon, it has been assumed that the relation between photography and external reality/ truth isdirectional and unmediated. With digitalization, this kind of relation has vanished which resulted inperturbation. This perturbation gave rise to the claims that photography has ended. Different potentialrelations in which truths have been constructed have become the main topics of the discussions with thedigital transformation and digital photography. Discussions in this period reveal that there is not adichotomy between digital and analogue, rather there is reciprocal relation from analogue to digital whichconsists of continuities and discontinuities. This understanding of relation is far from suggestingtechnological determinism, rather socio-cultural transformation and changes in the photographic practiceshave been determinative. In this study, it is articulated that not only technology is decisive in the processfrom analogue to digital, the reciprocal relations between socio-cultural transformation and practices inphotography have also been determinant.
Editorial
Authors: Diez-Palomar Javier
Published: June 2022

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MOOC, a Tool for Strengthening Mathematical Competencies in Higher Education
Authors: Mantilla Contreras Monica Andrea , Lopez Cacua Jonatan
Published: June 2022

Due to the high rates of failure in mathematics, the Department of Basic Sciences of Santo Tomás University - Bucaramanga (USTABUCA), with the support of its Virtual Campus, proposes the design of a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) to help in the development of mathematical competencies and processes that allow students to perform successfully in the Differential Calculus course. The course was designed in four sections: Arithmetic, Algebra, Trigonometry and Geometry, which were structured in lessons with practical exercises and entry and exit tests to check the competencies achieved in each section of the course. To determine the effectiveness of the MOOC and to investigate the students' catching-up potential, a research with a mixed methodological approach was carried out in two stages: a quantitative one with the application of questionnaires and satisfaction surveys and a qualitative one with the application of interviews to students who participated in the MOOC and teachers in charge of the Differential Calculus course. Each of the stages followed a sequential explanatory design; the instruments were applied at different times. The results indicated the relevance of the course to improve students’ catching-up processes and the improvement actions to achieve more meaningful learning experiences.
Razonamiento probabilístico de estudiantes de bachillerato al interpretar datos de la COVID-19
Authors: Álvarez-Arroyo Rocío , Lavela Jiménez José Fernando , Batanero Bernabeu Carmen
Published: June 2022

Se analiza el razonamiento probabilístico de 76 estudiantes de Bachillerato al interpretar una noticia sobre la COVID-19 tomada de los medios de comunicación. A partir de la noticia se plantean cinco preguntas que implican el cálculo o estimación de probabilidades simples, complementarias y compuestas y la toma de una decisión en función de la información presentada. Los resultados reflejan que los estudiantes calculan correctamente la probabilidad simple y la del suceso complementario, y muchos usan su conocimiento del contexto para dar respuesta a las preguntas, pero tienen grandes dificultades en el cálculo de la probabilidad compuesta. En la toma de decisión, no se tienen en cuenta los cálculos anteriores para proponer medidas de lucha contra los contagios, siendo la tendencia general el seguir las indicaciones que ya se conocen por parte de las autoridades sanitarias. Concluimos la importancia de educar el razonamiento probabilístico de los estudiantes para enfrentarse a situaciones extraescolares.
Hypoxia-related proteins VEGF A and CA IX and resistance of soft tissue sarcoma cells to chemotherapy: ex vivo pilot study
Authors: Scherbakov A. M. , Fetisov T. I. , Sorokin D. V. , Zinovieva V. Yu. , Moiseeva N. I. , Laletina L. A. , Kirilin E. M. , Manikaylo A. E. , Fomina L. Ya. , Mekheda L. V. , Bokhyan B. Yu. , Lesovaya E. A. , Trukhanova L. S. , Gor’kova T. G. , Antoshina E. E. , Morozova O. V. , Kirsanov K. I. , Yakubovskaya M. G.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The identification of predictive factors is a cornerstone task of modern oncology. The development of new targeted drugs determines the need for prediction of chemosensitivity of each patient to the prescribed therapy, in this regard, the search for biomarkers of predictive response to therapy is actively conducted.

The study objective to investigate the relationship between tumor cell resistance and the expression levels of CA IX (carbonic anhydrase IX) and VEGF A (vascular endothelial growth factor А) in patient-derived cultures of soft tissue sarcomas.

Materials and methods: ex vivo soft tissue sarcoma cell culture, resazurin test, immunoblotting.

Results. We obtained 46 ex vivo samples of soft tissue sarcoma cultures for which chemosensitivity to doxorubicin, ifosfamide, docetaxel, gemcitabine, and their combinations was assessed by the resazurin cytotoxicity test. We analyzed the relationship between the expression of hypoxic proteins VEGF A and CA IX and the resistance to drugs. A correlation between the CA IX expression in hypoxia and cell resistance to ifosfamide and its combination with doxorubicin was found. Soft tissue sarcomas with high VEGF A index were resistant to doxorubicin, docetaxel, and its combination with gemcitabine (p <0.05).

Conclusion. The data obtained on patient-derived cultures indicate the relationship between hypoxic signaling and resistance of soft tissue sarcomas to chemotherapeutics.
Immunohistochemical study of uveal melanoma and its cellular microenvironment
Authors: Saakyan S. V. , Katargina L. A. , Myakoshina E. B. , Zakharova G. P. , Khoroshilova–Maslova I. P. , Maibogin A. M.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Uveal melanoma pathogenesis is determined by a number of factors, including the tumor molecular genetics, the organism’s immune response, and other ones. One of the approaches to studying the peculiarities of pathogenesis of this cancer is to determine the local subpopulations of lymphocytes and macrophages in combination with the study of the proliferative activity of tumor cells.

Objective – to study the immunohistochemical features of uveal melanoma and its cellular microenvironment.

Materials and methods. 24 enucleated eyes with uveal melanoma (144 histological and 216 immunohistochemicalpreparations) without previous treatment were analyzed. Cells of the immune microenvironment were analyzed: lymphocyte subpopulations and CD 68+ and CD 163+ antigens expressed by macrophages in the melanoma stroma and 2–3 mm from it. The tumor cell proliferation index Ki-67 was diagnosed.

Results. All tissue samples of uveal melanoma revealed the presence of lymphocytes in the microenvironment of tumor cells. A large proportion of the studied subpopulations of lymphocytes were T-cytotoxic CD28+ lymphocytes (absolute content: 607.3 ± 431.2, relative: 18.84 % ± 12.12 %) (p = 0.018). A smaller proportion, but in equal proportions, were  T-helpers CD4+, T-cytotoxic CD8+ and CD25+ lymphocytes (p = 0.6). The absolute number of natural killer cells subpopulation CD16+ was lower compared to CD56+ (p = 0.05). However, an almost equal relative content of the studied subpopulations was noted (p = 0.9). Histological examination revealed the presence of uveal melanoma macrophages in the microenvironment of the tissue. The immunohistochemical study of CD68+ and CD163+ antigens expressed by anti-inflammatory and pro-tumor macrophages showed that their absolute and relative content in the uveal melanoma tissue is almost the same with a slight predominance of CD163+ (p = 0.7). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the nuclei of melanoma cells contain, on average, 575.2 ± 388.5 significant cells of the Ki-67 proliferation protein. This protein was found in 16.69 ± 10.88 % of tumor cells.

Conclusion. Immunohistochemical study allows to identify subpopulations of lymphocytes infiltrating the tumor, to determine the subtypes of macrophages and to estimate the Ki-67 index of tumor cell proliferation. The data obtained will make it possible to further evaluate the significance of individual immune cells (in particular, T-cytotoxic CD28+ lymphocytes) in the pathogenesis of uveal melanoma in order to develop targeted effects, substantiate new immunotherapeutic approaches to the treatment of primary tumors and reprogramming altered immune cells.
Early intervention to risk groups with the QR code system in disasters
Authors: ÇAĞDAŞ Emine , BÜYÜKSARAÇ Aydın , IŞIK Mehmet Fatih
Published: June 2022

While disasters are situations in which people cannot cope with their own capacities, it is impossible for risk groups that need the care of others not to be affected by it. Our country is frequently exposed to disasters due to its geopolitical position, irregular population growth, being a developing country, increased industrialization, insufficient infrastructure, and many other reasons. It is very important that disadvantaged community members who need help are easily accessible and identifiable at the time of disaster. The main purpose of this study is to provide the fastest, most accurate and reliable information to the elderly living alone, to children who lost their parents during the event, to women, to those who cannot do the work they need to do on their own in their personal or social life due to any deficiencies, to those who have their own disease and who have been harmed by disasters. In this study, the risk groups that will be affected by disasters were determined and the data of the people created as an example were transferred to the data matrix system. First of all, individuals in risk groups (disabled, chronic patients, elderly, children and women) were determined and then a data matrix was created on the website.
Surgical embolectomy as a promising treatment of acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Abdulyanov I. V. , Dzhordzhikiya R. K. , Fedorov S. A. , Atsel' Ye. A. , Sarychev A. A.
Published: June 2022

Highlights. The article presents current literature data on the results of surgical treatment of acute pulmonary embolism.

Abstract. The review article throws light on up to date approaches to the treatment of acute pulmonary embolism. The great variety of treatment methods and controversial results do not allow us to conclusively decide on which method to choose. Traditionally, pharmacological therapies have been favored over invasive methods because of the lower mortality rate. However, based on new studies, it can be established that interventional embolectomy is an effective option, showing good immediate and long-term results. Undoubtedly, additional studies are needed in order that surgical embolectomy developed from a rescue therapy of acute pulmonary embolism into a first-line or priority treatment.
Chronic and acute decompensated heart failure: topical issues
Authors: Okunev I. M. , Kochergina A. M. , Kashtalap V. V.
Published: June 2022

Highlights. The article is a review of current literary data on the problem of acute decompensated heart failure. The review highlights the basic principles of the diagnosis and treatment, as well as the problems of their implementation into clinical practice.

Abstract Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is a life-threatening condition that requires an emergency hospitalization for intensive treatment. Moreover, it is the event that worsens the patient's further prognosis. Frequent rehospitalizations for decompensation of heart failure reduce life expectancy and quality, and are also a significant economic problem in practical health care. The increasing number of patients with heart failure leads to the growing number of patients seeking medical help for acute decompensated heart failure. More than half of the patients are re-hospitalized within a year for the same reason. The predicted increase in the prevalence of CHF worldwide makes the management of such patients a global medical and social problem. Patients delay, low compliance and insufficient ambulatory monitoring are the factors that need to be influenced in order to improve the prognosis. The article is a review of literary data on the epidemiology of ADHF, diagnosis, treatment and outpatient observation of patients with acute decompensated heart failure. The problems of compliance, the prospects for modern methods of remote monitoring and the possibilities of new drugs are discussed in the article.