bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eksperimentinės Viduramžių dvirankių kalavijų gamybos technologija
Authors: Nariūnas Jonas Rapolas , Rudzinskas Vitalijus , Valeika Gintaras
Published: May 2024

Šiame tyrime buvo išnagrinėta dvirankio flambergo, istorinio Europos ginklo, gamybos procesas, pabrėžiant techninės sudėtingumo, ergonomikos principų taikymo svarbą ir eksperimentinės archeologijos metodų pritaikymą. Flambergo gamyba, reikalaujanti aukštos kvalifikacijos meistrų darbo, buvo techniškai sudėtinga dėl unikalaus dizaino ir funkcinio pritaikymo, todėl šis ginklas tapo elitiniu ir prieinamu tik nedaugeliui. Ginklo rankenos ilgis, ašmenų dydis, papildomas skersinukas ir ricasso suteikė jį naudojančiajam nepaprastą kertamąją galią bei manevringumą mūšio lauke. Nepaisant flambergo privalumų, jo gamybos procesas atskleidė ir tam tikrus trūkumus: sumažėjęs ašmenų standumas, didesnis svoris, tai lėmė šio ginklo populiarumo mažėjimą XVII amžiaus pabaigoje. Tyrimo metodika, apimanti eksperimentinę rekonstrukciją, dizaino ir gamybos eksperimentus, fizinio ir mechaninio efektyvumo testus bei eksperimentinės metalurgijos taikymą, leido giliau suprasti istorinės ginkluotės gamybos technologijas, medžiagų savybes bei praktinio naudojimo ergonomiką.
Tyrimo rezultatai rodo, kad ašmenų kietumo skirtumai atsirado dėl nevienodo temperatūros pasiskirstymo per ašmenis, priklausomai nuo jų masės ir storio, tai patvirtina, kad kiekviena ginklo dalis reikalauja individualaus termoapdorojimo požiūrio. Šis darbas įrodo, kad eksperimentinė archeologija ir praktinės rekonstrukcijos yra svarbios ne tik istorinių ginklų gamybos procesų atkūrimui, bet ir gilesniam istorinės kultūros supratimui skatinti.
Juostinių transporterių elektros energijos sąnaudų mažinimo priemonės
Authors: Šateikienė Diana , Terebencev Dmitrij
Published: May 2024

Šiuolaikinėje pramonėje eksploatuojama įvairių modifikacijų juostinių transporterių, nes tai yra vienas iš energiškai efektyviausių būdų transportuojant birias medžiagas gamybos įmonėse, krovos kompanijose ar birių produktų išgavimo vietose. Dėl didėjančių visame pasaulyje elektros energijos kainų, proporcingai didėjo ir juostinių transporterių eksploatacijos kaštai, todėl išaugo galutinio produkto ar paslaugos kaina. Atlikus tyrimą nustatyti  pagrindiniai faktoriai, kurie lemia energijos sąnaudų didėjimą eksploatuojant juostinius transporterius. Straipsnyje pateikti sprendimo būdai padedantys mažinti energijos sąnaudas nuo pat transporterio projektavimo žingsnių iki jo eksploatavimo realioje vietoje. Didėjantis energijos suvartojimas eksploatuojant juostinius transporterius neigiamai veikia aplinką, didėja emisijų kiekiai.
Socio-Demographic and Clinical Profile of Patients Attending Geriatric Clinic Over Five Years: A Retrospective, Hospital Based Study
Authors: Mascarenhas Joylin Jovita
Published: May 2024

Background: Population ageing is an inescapable and irreversible phenomenon, increasing the burden on the health care system. Mental illnesses in the geriatric population are unique and identification of the same amidst the co-morbidities is a challenging task.
Objectives: To assess the difference in the clinical and sociodemographic profile of patients attending Geriatric Clinic in a tertiary care centre over five years.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients, who attended the Geriatric Clinic of a tertiary care centre in 2012 and 2016 was conducted. The psychiatric diagnoses were made according to the ICD-10 diagnostic guidelines. Sociodemographic variables and clinical variables including social support were assessed. Data were analysed by Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 16 version and Microsoft Excel Version 2007.
Results: The total number of patients attending Geriatric clinics were 31 and 147 in 2012 and 2016 respectively. The mean age of patients attending the geriatric clinic was 74.32±7.89 in 2012 and 71.88±6.76 in 2012. The difference between the study group was statistically significant with regard to religion, marital status, socio-economic status and location of residence.64.52% of the study population had average social support in 2012 and a statistically significant decline was noticed in 2016.The most common psychiatric diagnoses were organic mental disorders (93.55%) in 2012 and mood disorders (40.82%) in 2016. Cardiovascular diseases were most common medical co-morbidity seen among the geriatric patients in both the years.
Conclusions: Psychiatric illness in geriatric population is often associated with medical co-morbidities. With the increase in longevity, awareness and identification of symptoms can decrease significant morbidity and improve the quality of life.

Keywords: Ageing, psychiatric disorders, medical comorbidity
Ethanol Extract of Chromolaena odorata Leaves in Ointment Form: Evaluating Its Efficacy in Healing Excisional Wounds in Male White Rats
Authors: . Bustami , Zaitun Hasibuan Poppy Anjelisa , Nasution M Pandapotan
Published: May 2024

The leaves of Chromolaena odorata (C. odorata), which have been traditionally employed by the coastal communities of Aceh for the treatment of small wounds, have significant concentrations of flavonoids and phenolics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an ointment made from ethanol extract of C. odorata leaves in boosting wound healing and increasing the growth and expression of fibroblasts and Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF-BB) in excision wounds of male white rats. On the 15th day, there was a decrease in the size of the wound as follows: The closure rates for Betadine® were measured at 96.07%, whereas the control group had a cure rate of 38.12%. The ointments containing C. odorata extract at concentrations of 4%, 6%, and 8% showed closure rates of 80.93%, 95.38%, and 95.75% respectively. The statistical analysis showed that there was no significant distinction between the 6% and 8% concentrations of the extract and Betadine®. On the seventh day, the number of fibroblast cells per field was 70.60 for Betadine®, 69.20 for the 6% extract, and 48.00 for the control. There were no significant differences between Betadine® and the 6% extract. On day 14, the expression of PDGF-BB was observed. The number of cells per field was 125.20 for Betadine®, 106.40 for the control, and 123.80 for the 6% extract. The results of the extract were similar to those of Betadine®. The results of this study demonstrate that the ointment made from the ethanol extract of C. odorata leaves effectively improves the healing of wounds, stimulates the activity of fibroblasts, and increases the production of PDGF-BB. These effects are comparable to the effectiveness of Betadine® in treating excisional wounds.

Keywords: Chromolaena odorata, excision wounds, fibroblasts, PDGF BB expression
Status and Characteristics of Chungju Gyejoksan Mountain Fortress Site: Searching for the Victory Battlefield of Chungjusanseong Military Officer Kim Yun-Hoo
Authors:   The Paek-San Society, Baek Jong-Oh , Hyun Namjoo , Back Youngcjong , Jeon Hyeokgi , Park Hancheol
Published: May 2024

This article presents an in-depth analysis of the recently revealed status of the Chungju Gyejoksan fortress site. This site is presumed to be an ancient Chungjuseong Fortress, where Chungju military officer, Kim, Yun-Hoo won in battle during the 1253 Goryeo Dynasty war against the Mongolian invasion.
Gyejoksan fortress site encircles a valley formed between two peaks of Gyemyeongsan mountain (774.3 meters above sea level). The first peak (703 meters), is positioned to the south of the summit, while the second peak (709 meters), lies to the east of the first peak. The fortress wall is predominantly characterized by outer walls constructed using the Naetak technique, supplemented by sections of double walls. Noteworthy is the variance of the height of the walls, with the highest point being 709 meters and the lowest point 450 meters, exhibiting an elevation difference of approximately 259 meters.
The fortress perimeter spans about 3km, demonstrating an adept utilization of environmental features such as cliffs and steep terrain in its construction. The walls, ranging in height from 2 to 4 meters, are constructed using irregular-shaped stones assembled with a rubble work technique and finished with wedge stones. Artifacts recovered from within the fortress site date primarily to the mid to late Goryeo Dynasty Period, including a significant quantity of rooftop tiles adorned with diverse patterns such as plain, fishbone, lattice, and compound designs.
Gyejoksan fortress site shares similarities with several other fortresses, including Chenryongsanseong Fortress in Chungju, Samaksanseong Fortress in Chuncheon, Hangyesanseong Fortress in Inje, Gwongeumseong Fortress in Sokcho, Suinsanseong Fortress in Jangheung, Cheongnyangsanseong Fortress in Bonghwa, and Ipamsanseong Fortress in Jangseong.
Given its strategic position as a backdrop mountain fortress to the Chungju town center, the Gyejoksan Fortress site is believed to possess significant historical and archaeological value. It is thought to have played a pivotal role in the Goryeo Dynasty's resistance against Mongol incursions, forming an interconnected defensive network with nearby mountain fortresses such as Namsanseong and Daerimsanseong.
A Review of Recent Study of Castle and Palace of the Capital City Gangdo in Goryeo Dynasty
Authors:   The Paek-San Society, Lee Heein
Published: May 2024

This article was written to review recent study on the castle system and the location of the palace of Gangdo. This is also effort to understand the historical and urban characteristics of Gangdo the only city in Goryeo Dynasty to officially replace the Gaegyeon and to assess the direction of future research of this city.
In a recent study on the castle system of Gangdo, the existence of ‘Coastal Outer Castle’ was re-introduced. While understanding the Outer and Middle Castle as the same castle, it was also suggested that the castle system of Gangdo was identified as two-castle system. However, the opinion that support the existence of a large-scale 'Coastal Outer Castle' did not overcome the limit of the conventional theory for castle system of Gangdo, and the view that it was composed of two-castle is limited in that it is difficult to explain related literature records.
There is a general agreement on the location and scope of the palace of Gangdo that the main palace of Gangdo was located in the ‘Goong-goal’, not the 'Goryeogung Palace Site’. However, through recent GIS and paleotopography analysis, it has been announced that the scope of the main palace of Gangdo existed in a wide area. According to this view, the main palace of Gangdo has a structure and scale similar to that of the Gaegyeong Palace. To confirm this, first, there is no archaeological site in this area so far, and second, is it possible to build a main palace with a scale similar to that of the Gaegyeong in a space with narrower intensity than the Gaegyeong? Third, was it possible to implement the structure and scale of the palace of Gaegyeong palace established over 100 years in Gangdo in a short period of time? (Even after the palace of Gaegyeong has not regained its former shape.) Fourth, there are many problems to consider, such as the uncertain characteristic, scale, and scope of of Inner Castle of Gangdo, which is the starting point of the view that the main palace in the large-scale area existed.
Optimization of laser welded ASTM A36 mild steel with different laser beam oscillation patterns utilizing experimental and simulation data
Authors: Ouamer Said , Bensalem Karim , Iltaf Asim , Bark Noureddine , Dehghan Shayan
Published: May 2024

Recently, there has been an increase in the use of laser beam welding of mild steel in various industries, including petroleum refineries, power plants, pharmaceuticals, and even residential areas. This research paper focuses on studying the effects of laser welding process parameters, such as laser power and welding speed, on the tensile strength of welds. To do this, three types of laser beam oscillations (sinusoidal path, triangular path, and square path) were performed to weld 125mm x 60 and 1.8 thick sheets of ASTM A36 mild steel alloy. The researchers used statistical tools such as ANOVA to generate mathematical models and experimental designs using the Taguchi method. The results indicate that the optimal welded joint has good mechanical properties after laser welding. For ASTM A36 mild steel, the optimal parameters for laser welding are a laser power of 1800 W, a welding speed of 50 mm/s, and triangular welding mode.
Study on the influence of injection molding parameters on the warpage using simulation and Taguchi method
Authors: Trinh V. L. , Tien Dung Hoang , Dinh N. S.
Published: May 2024

Injection moulding (IM) is a processing technique produced from polymeric products. Warpage defect (WD) is the defect that generally occurs during the IM process due to the inappropriate processing parameters of the melt temperature, mould surface temperature, packing pressure, injection pressure, and packing pressure time. This paper investigates the IM parameters that influence product warpage by combining the simulation, analysis of variance, signal-to-noise analysis, and Taguchi method. The simulation process was performed by Moldflow software. The product material is high-density polyethylene. The WD has been predicted and optimized to enhance product quality. Melt temperature and packing pressure time are the factors that acrimoniously influenced the warpage of the product. The results show that the packing pressure time and melt temperature have the highest effects on the WD by the contributions of 48.94% and 37.48%, respectively. The optimal IM parameters are scanned again with the WD abated at about 1.2%. The mathematical formula has been constructed to predict the WD with the reflection of acceptable values of 86.29%. The research hopes that the results have been applied to designing and fabricating the plastic product in the near future.
Mechanical characterization procedure of HMPE fiber for offshore mooring in deep waters
Authors: Cruz Daniel Magalhães da , Barreto Marcelo de Ávila , Zangalli Larissa Basei , Júnior Aleones José da Cruz , Melito Ignacio , Clain Fernanda Mazuco , Guilherme Carlos Eduardo Marcos
Published: May 2024

For several offshore installations, especially those for exploration of offshore resources, such as Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO), the stability of subsea pipelines and exploration risers are closely related to the mooring system. High performance polymeric fibers have been used in recent decades for offshore mooring, more recently polyester has been challenged by advancement in ultra-deep waters due to its considerable elongation. A candidate fiber for lower elongation mooring systems is high modulus polyethylene (HMPE). The work describes mechanical characterization procedures in high modulus polyethylene fibers envisioning the possibility of offshore mooring systems made entirely with HMPE, which allow deeper water depths, as well as stability to the pipelines. As a result, the fiber is suitable for mechanical strength and linear tenacity. It still shows good performance in abrasion resistance, and loss of inelastic portions in cyclic loads. However, the behavior in creep, due to its slightly high strain rates, restricts its use, but recent fibers known as "Low creep" can be studied, allowing complete mooring systems made with HMPE.
Optimization of non-bearing splice connection in GFRP short columns by manual testing and finite element analysis
Authors: Srujan M. J. , Srikanth Seelam
Published: May 2024

Connection designs are established to ensure the stability of joined cut sections, the joints so designed should be based on the optimal performance as per the requirements. The connection joints so established should not be based on just strength but reliability and durability as well. This study focuses on tackling one of the major issues faced when using Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymers (GFRPs) as construction materials, which is based on the abrupt failure of the material under critical or maximum loading. Connection designs are established in GFRP short column H-sections based on Bolted Splicing connections by Eurocode 3 for steel splicing connections. A total of seven Connection designs are established using bearing and non-bearing splicing connections. A total of five models for each connection is established for manual testing and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is used to simulate and analyze these connection designs. Parameters such as ultimate load, displacement at ultimate load, stiffness, compressive strength, failure mode, load versus displacement behavior graph, and percentage compressive strength compared to the un-cut section are provided in this study. The strongest specimen in this study displaced 128% and 127.7% compressive strength compared to an un-cut GFRP H-section when tested using manual testing and FEA accordingly.
Restoration of tensile properties in cracked aluminum specimens via composite patching
Authors: Lakhemissi Touam , Billel Rebai , Semcheddine Derfouf , Tidjani Messas
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the tensile behavior and crack repair of aluminum using fiberglass-reinforced composite patches. Tensile testing compared uncracked, pre-cracked, and repaired aluminum specimens. Pre-cracking by hole drilling decreased strength and ductility from stress concentrations. Composite patching recovered strength, with 4-ply laminates optimal. Uncracked samples failed by necking, pre-cracked by crack growth, and repaired by adhesive detachment. Results demonstrate composite patching effectively restores strength to cracked aluminum by mitigating stress concentrations when appropriately designed. Finite element modeling simulated stress reduction after patching. This work provides experimental data on composite patch performance for metal crack repair and confirms the approach as an effective strengthening technique, although further optimization is needed.
Occupational exposure to benzene and mortality risk of lymphohaematopoietic cancers in the Swiss National Cohort
Authors: Ge Calvin , Spoerri Adrian , Egger Matthias , Rothman Nathaniel , Lan Qing , Huss Anke , Vermeulen Roel ,   The Swiss National Cohort
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVES: Previous studies established a causal relationship between occupational benzene exposure and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, mixed results have been reported for associations between benzene exposure and other myeloid and lymphoid malignancies. Our work examined whether occupational benzene exposure is associated with increased mortality from overall lymphohaematopoietic (LH) cancer and major subtypes.

METHODS: Mortality records were linked to a Swiss census-based cohort from two national censuses in 1990 and 2000. Cases were defined as having any LH cancers registered in death certificates. We assessed occupational exposure by applying a quantitative benzene job-exposure matrix (BEN-JEM) to census-reported occupations. Exposure was calculated as the products of exposure proportions and levels (P × L). Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate LH cancer death hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) associated with benzene exposure, continuously and in ordinal categories.

RESULTS: Our study included approximately 2.97 million persons and 13 415 LH cancer cases, including 3055 cases with benzene exposure. We observed increased mortality risks per unit (P × L) increase in continuous benzene exposure for AML (HR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00–1.06) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.04–1.14). When exposure was assessed categorically, increasing trends in risks were observed with increasing benzene exposure for AML (P=0.04), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (P=0.02), and follicular lymphoma (P=0.05).

CONCLUSION: In a national cohort from Switzerland, we found that occupational exposure to benzene is associated with elevated mortality risks for AML, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and possibly follicular lymphoma.
Analysis of Human Factor Inducing Factors of Korean Body Guards : Identifying the Factors Behind Human Error According to Risk-Inducing Behavior
Authors:   Korea Safety Culture Society, Kim Sang Jin
Published: May 2024

This study was conducted to derive the factors behind potential human errors among Korean bodyguards and devise response strategies accordingly. For Research Project 1 (identification of human errors according to the cognitive and psychological characteristics of security guards), two interviews were conducted with 10 experts, and for Research Project 2 (identification of factors causing human errors according to behavioral and psychological characteristics of security guards), VTA technique and Multiple case analysis was conducted using the M-SHEL model. Research task 3 (deriving human factor factors of Korean bodyguards and suggesting coping strategies) was conducted using complex research methods and grounded theory approaches. As a result of the study, the human factors of security guards based on their cognitive psychological characteristics and risk normalization tendency were lack of security personnel (lack of professional spirit, lack of motivation), complacent attitude (underestimation of risk), and control failure (lack of situational awareness, VIP protocol). (First of all), etc., and the human factors of security guards based on cognitive and psychological characteristics behavior and behavioral psychological characteristics are formal and familiar work performance (lack of motivation), complacent attitude (underestimation of risk), lack of safety awareness and situational awareness (lack of motivation), etc. Familiarity with work, VIP protocol priority), etc. Through these results, it was concluded that the human factor of security guards can be reduced by strengthening the security guard's professional spirit, increasing motivation, strengthening safety awareness and situational awareness, and education and training to improve risk awareness and control ability.
Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Hyaluronic Acid in Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Aher Ganesh , Kothari Pritesh , Salphale Yogesh , Shinde Gopal , Pawar Eknath
Published: May 2024

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common forms of arthritis and leading causes of disability. Intra-articular injection of PRP or steroid may provide benefit for patients suffering from osteoarthritis of knees, preventing, and delaying the need of a larger operative measures as many of the senile patients suffering from OA knee are quite hesitant to undergo any operative measure for the same. Materials and Methods: This was prospective type of study, with randomised selection of the patients for the assessment of outcome of treatment of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis with intra articular injections of PRP or hyaluronic acid. This study was carried out in the department of orthopaedics at our institute. In this study both injections given superolaterally weekly for 3 weeks. Study conducted over 2 years, a total of 50 patients suffering from OA knee were included in the study depending upon inclusion criteria. These patients were randomly selected for injection in a sequential manner i.e., case number 1,3,5,7 and so on sequentially were given injection HA. Case number 2,4,6,8 and so on sequentially were given injection PRP. Patients were evaluated prospectively at enrolment and at 6 weeks, 3 and 6-months follow-up with WOMAC and KSS scores. Results: PRP seems to be more efficient as compared to HA in salvaging knee in osteoarthritis. It can work as a salvaging agent in mild to moderate osteoarthritis of knee. HA injection has been found to be effective only in short term cases. Conclusion: The clinical results of this study show that both these non-surgical modalities (intraarticular injections of PRP or HA) are useful for the treatment of osteoarthritis of knee. Treatment with PRP shows significantly better outcome compared with HA group; with respect to WOMAC and KSS scores.
An Exploratory Study of Vocabulary Learning Strategies by Saudi Female First-year EFL University Students
Authors: Masoud Masoud Al-AhmadiAl-Ahmadi Nesreen
Published: May 2024

The aim of this exploratory study is to investigate the vocabulary learning strategies (VLSs) used by 55 Saudi female freshmen students studying English as a foreign language (EFL). The participants were enrolled in their second level of English (ELI 112) in the university’s foundation program. To provide rich detailed data, the study integrated two research instruments to collect the data: a closed/open-ended questionnaire that adapted Schmitt’s (1997) taxonomy of VLSs, and a vocabulary diary learning log. The overall results of this study show that the participants used all the different VLSs at different rates. Participants tended to resort more to memory VLSs followed by determination, cognitive, social, and finally metacognitive strategies.
The influence of temperature and pressure technological parameters on the characteristics of ZnO nanostructures synthesized by sol-gel process in isopropanol
Authors: Fatah Mouzaia , Djamel Djouadi , Azeddine Chelouche , Tahar Touam
Published: May 2024

The sol-gel process was employed to successfully synthesize ZnO nanostructures in isopropanol, employing various subcritical temperature and pressure conditions: (90°C, 2 bar), (120°C, 6 bar), (160°C, 14 bar), and (200°C, 30 bar). The resulting products were subsequently annealed at 500°C for 2 hours and subjected to characterization using different analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (DRX), infrared (ATR), UV-Visible, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies. The DRX measurements confirmed that the ZnO nanostructures exhibited a polycrystalline structure of the hexagonal wurtzite type. The cell parameters and stresses within the crystallites were found to be influenced by the synthesis conditions (temperature and pressure), in contrast to the particle size. ATR spectra indicated high purity of the produced nanostructures, and it was observed that the position of the absorption band associated with the Zn-O vibrational bond of ZnO shifted towards lower wavenumbers as the temperature increased. UV-Visible spectra demonstrated that the absorption band shifted towards shorter wavelengths with increasing temperature and pressure. The optical gap displayed a similar trend to the lattice parameters and strain within the nanoparticles. PL measurements revealed that the processing temperature and pressure resulted in increased UV emission and decreased visible emission. However, the positions of the UV emission bands were independent of the synthesis parameters.
Characterizations of pure and eu-doped ZnO aerogels nanostructures elaborated by a modified sol gel process
Authors: Bedhouche Fatiha , Djouadi Djamel , Soualah Ahcane , Chelouche Azeddine , Touam Tahar
Published: May 2024

Herein we report on the structural and optical properties of pure and Eu-doped (3% at.) ZnO aerogels nanostructures (ZnO-ans) synthesized by sol-gel associated with drying at supercritical conditions of isopropanol (254 °C, 54 bars). The samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM, UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR and photoluminescence (PL). XRD studies exhibit the formation of a high crystal quality ZnO wurtzite hexagonal structure. The UV-visible measurements point out that the absorption intensity and the band gap energy increase after Eu-doping. FTIR analysis confirms the formation of ZnO phase and reveals a shift toward longer wavenumber of the Zn-O absorption band after Eu -doping. SEM images show that Eu3+ ions lead to change the morphology of ZnO crystalline from pastille to sphere. PL measurements reveal a decrease of UV luminescence intensity and an increase of the visible one due to Eu-doping.
Cold War Kreutzer: Tolstoy’s Posthumous Political Career from Venice to Palestine
Authors: Litvin Margaret
Published: May 2024

The year 1960 marked the fiftieth death anniversary of Leo Tolstoy (1828–1910), one of the earliest self-proclaimed world writers. That summer, the CIA-funded Congress for Cultural Freedom (CCF) organized a lavish international conference near Venice; meanwhile, in Haifa, the Palestinian Trotskyist Jabra Nicola (1912–1974) published his translation of Tolstoy’s sex-obsessed late novella The Kreutzer Sonata. These two events exemplified contrasting styles of Cold War literary internationalism, one aspiring to global dominance and the other to local impact. Both responded to Tolstoy’s “world” status, Kreutzer’s moral ambition, and the Soviet Union’s successful appropriation of nineteenth-century Russian literature. Exploring the CCF archives and the Arabic Kreutzer tradition, this article asks how each of these 1960 events came about, what they assumed, and what they achieved. The Palestinian Israeli case offers a usefully peripheral perspective from which the Cultural Cold War appears both more tangible and less strictly bipolar. Jabra’s translation used the resources provided by Soviet cultural diplomacy for local progressive ends: not to press for social change in Arab society, but to build the cultural confidence of readers who found themselves both minoritized as Israelis and isolated from their fellow Arabs.
The Brazilian Eisenstein (1961–1981)
Authors: Wells Sarah Ann
Published: May 2024

Beginning in the 1960s and 1970s, Latin American filmmakers and filmgoers began to interpret and adapt early Soviet avant-garde cinema of the 1920s in an unprecedented fashion, extending its half-life in innovative ways. In this context, Brazil is a generative but seldom explored site. This article traces the Brazilian reception of Soviet cinematic poetics through the shifting approaches to Sergei Eisenstein in the filmography of Leon Hirszman (1937–1987). Eisenstein’s approaches to montage would shape Hirszman from his first student film to the workerist cinema that characterized his late filmography. Like his contemporary Glauber Rocha (1939–1981)—after Hirszman, the Brazilian filmmaker most marked by Eisenstein—Hirszman tranculturated the avant-garde postrevolutionary Soviet film for the truncated revolutionary context of Brazil. Changing and emphasizing different elements in Eisenstein’s understanding of montage, Hirszman consistently depicted it as a capacious opportunity for both capturing and transforming the world: registering justices and multiplying a cinematic off-screen where anti-capitalist solidarities might flourish. His experimental filmmaking praxis also suggests how Eisenstein’s montage method (activating disparate or contradictory contexts through juxtaposition) produces a paradoxical ground for comparison, a poetics of the urgent untimely, rather than either belated or diffusionist accounts of world cinema.
The Forest Cannot Hide It: The Maritime and the Revolutionary in Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter
Authors: Chapman Schuyler J.
Published: May 2024

Toward the end of The Scarlet Letter (1850), in Massachusetts’s wilderness, Hester Prynne and Arthur Dimmesdale luxuriate in a moment of intimacy that Boston cannot afford them. The wilderness emerges here initially as a green world reminiscent of the one theorized by Northrop Frye—a space in which actors can attempt to usher alternative social relations into being. Yet, unlike the green worlds of medieval romances or Renaissance dramas, Hawthorne’s fails to reorient society and politics along the more equitable lines his characters desire. This article answers a question prompted by the repeated failure of the Hawthornian green world: If such terrestrial spaces prove fruitless for those seeking new ways of being socially and politically, what territories would provide effective and affective laboratories? The author contends that Hawthorne rejects the continental, national green world in favor of the fluid, anti-national blue world of the maritime as the optimal site to revise meaningfully social relations and political moods.
Killing the Angel in the House: The Marble Faun and the Imagination of Violence
Authors: Biasio Anna De
Published: May 2024

The article offers a specific investigation of female violence as both an explicit and a covert theme of The Marble Faun. Woman’s capacity to inflict harm is not just adumbrated in Miriam’s instigation to murder, but keeps resurfacing in multiple images, fragments, and allusions that mobilize a vast cultural archive. Unlike most readings of Hawthorne’s last completed novel, this article argues that the paradigm of active violence fails to successfully separate the sinfulness of the “dark lady” Miriam from the purity of the “fair maiden” Hilda. Rather, the specter of disruptive agency haunts both characters and appears to be inextricably associated with their identity as self-dependent artists living abroad, inhabiting studios that subvert the nineteenth-century definition of women as private domestic subjects. The symbolic association between female artists, violence, and the erosion of the domestic ideal is further explored through Hawthorne’s subtly unsettling encounters with actual women (Harriet Hosmer, Anna Jameson, Fredrika Bremer) living in Rome, as reported in his journal.
Mapeamento da área alagada/inundada nos municípios de Agudo, Dona Francisca, Paraíso do Sul e Restinga Sêca, Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Rizzatti Maurício , Batista Natália
Published: May 2024

Contexto: O fenômeno extremo ocorrido no Rio Grande do Sul no final de abril e início de maio de 2024 traz a emergência da necessidade de produções cartográficas para compreensão do processo e planejamento de ações de redução de danos e auxílio às populações afetadas. Por isso, o objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma contribuição metodológica a partir do Índice de Água por Diferença Normalizada (NDWI) e das coordenadas dos endereços do Censo Demográfico de 2022, para os municípios de Agudo, Dona Francisca, Paraíso do Sul e Restinga Sêca, na produção cartográfica com fins de redução de danos usando dados gratuitos e softwares livres. Metodologia: Para a produção do NDWI, foram utilizadas imagens Sentinel 2A para a área de estudo em diferentes datas (antes e depois do período chuvoso). Para estimar as residências afetadas pelo evento extremo, utilizou-se as Coordenadas Geográficas dos Endereços, do Censo Demográfico de 2022. Os mapas foram confeccionados no software QGIS. Como resultado, apresentou-se um mapa comparando as áreas com presença de água para as duas datas e outro contendo a localização das residências nas áreas de alagamento/inundação. Conclui-se que as produções cartográficas e a metodologia descrita podem colaborar com a gestão de desastres no contexto descrito ao longo do texto.
Tüplü Fidan Üretiminde Farklı Anaçlara Aşılı Karaerik ve Narince Üzüm Çeşitlerinin Fidan Randımanlarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: Bozkurt Abdurrahim , Yağcı Adem
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmada 44-53 M, 420A, SO4, 5BB, 1103 P, 110R, Ramsey, 140 Ru, 41 B ve 1613 C anaçları üzerine Narince ve Karaerik üzüm çeşitlerinin aşılanması sonucu elde edilen fidan randıman ve kalitesine anaçların etkisi incelenmiştir. Aşılama, parafinleme, katlama, kaynaştırma ve tüplere dikim aşamalarından sonra tutan fidanlarda randıman ve kalite parametrelerine bakılmıştır. Çalışma bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre planlanmış olup ortalamaların karşılaştırılmasında LSD (0.05) testinden faydalanılmıştır. Anaç fidan randımanı bakımından; 5BB (%83,8), 1103 P (%82,2) ve SO4 (%76,1) anaçları ön plana çıkarken, sürgün ve kök parametreleri bakımından SO4, 1613 C ve 44-53 M anaçları daha yüksek bir performans göstermişlerdir. Fidan randımanı açısından Narince çeşidinde; 5BB (%91,6), 1103 P (%89,4) ve SO4 (%87,7), Karaerik çeşidinde ise 5BB (%76,0), 1103 P (%75,0), 110 R (%68,9) ve SO4 (%64,5) anaçları ön plana çıkmıştır. Sürgün ve kök parametreleri bakımından Narince çeşidinde; SO4, 1613 C ve 44-53 M, Karaerik çeşidinde ise SO4 ve 44-53 M diğer anaçlara göre genel olarak daha yüksek değerler vermişlerdir.
Fındıkta Çeşit Değiştirme Üzerine Farklı Aşı Zaman ve Yöntemlerinin Etkileri
Authors: Gül Aslı , Ayar Gökhan , Erdoğdu Aslı , Serdar Ümit , Akyüz Burak
Published: May 2024

Çoğu meyve türünde çeşit değiştirme işlemi aşıyla gerçekleştirilirken, fındıkta bu amaçla aşılama değil, bahçe yenilemesi yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada fındıkta farklı aşı zaman ve yöntemlerinin çeşit değiştirme üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma 2021-2023 yıllarında Samsun’un Salıpazarı ilçesinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada ‘Palaz’ çeşidi anaç, ‘Çakıldak’ ve ‘Yomrali’ çeşitleri ise kalem olarak kullanılmıştır. Aşılama işlemi 2021 yılında 5 Nisan’dan başlayarak 15 gün arayla 3 dönemde, 3 aşı yöntemi (yarma, dilcikli, yongalı göz) ile yapılmıştır. Farklı aşı zaman ve yöntemlerinin çeşit değiştirme üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla aşı başarısı (sürme oranı), aşı sürgünü yaşama oranı, aşı sürgünü gelişimi ve verime başlama özellikleri incelenmiştir. Araştırmada aşı sürme ve yaşama oranı bakımından aşı zamanları arasında istatistiksel farklılık bulunmamıştır. Aşı başarısı (sürme oranı) dilcikli aşıda %95,4, yarma aşıda %95,5 ve yongalı göz aşısında %51,7 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Aşılamayı takip eden yıllarda hızlı bir sürgün gelişimi ve meyve oluşumu başlamıştır. ‘Yomrali’ çeşidinde ‘Çakıldak’ çeşidine göre daha kuvvetli bitki gelişimi ve erken meyveye yatma saptanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, fındıkta çeşit değiştirme için aşı kalemlerinin tomurcukların tam dinlenmede olduğu Ocak ayında alınması, aşılama işleminin yarma veya dilcikli aşı yöntemleri ile Nisan başından başlanarak Mayıs ortasına kadar yapılması tavsiye edilmiştir.
Silene compacta Fischer’in Potansiyel Süs Bitkisi Olarak Kullanım Durumunun Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Parlakova Karagöz Fazilet , Karagöz Halit , Dursun Atilla
Published: May 2024

Türkiye’nin doğal türleri arasında bulunan Silene compacta Fischer’in yoğun çiçek salkımına ve gösterişli pembe çiçeklere sahip olması, ona süs bitkisi olarak kullanım potansiyeli sunmaktadır. Bu araştırma deniz seviyesinden yüksekliği ortalama 1962 m’deki lokasyondan toplanan tohumların ve bu tohumlardan yetiştirilen bitkilerin sıcaklığa ve vernalizasyona verdiği tepkilere genel bir bakış sağlamak için tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmada, S.compacta’nın generatif yöntem ile çoğaltılması, yetiştirilmesi ve çiçeklenmesinin sağlanması ve başarılı ticari üretime izin verecek bir protokol önerme amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, S.compacta tohumlarının embriyonik dinlenmede olduğu belirlenmiş ve farklı sürelerde nemli soğuk katlama uygulamaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Soğuk katlamaya alınan tohumlar +4℃’de bekletilmiş ve periyodik olarak oda koşullarına çıkarılmıştır. 45 gün nemli soğuk katlamaya alınan tohumlarda, 25℃’de %70,67 oranında çimlenme gerçekleşmiştir. Çimlenen tohumlar sera koşullarında büyütülmüştür. Birinci yılın sonunda sapa kalkma gerçekleşmemiş ve çiçeksiz, bol yapraklı formda kalmışlardır. Bu gözlemin ardından bitkiler vernalizasyon denemesine alınmıştır. Saksılı bol yapraklı bir (1) yaşlı bitkiler, aydınlatmalı, +4℃ sıcaklıkta farklı sürelerde bekletilmiştir. 100 gün vernalizasyon koşullarında bekletilen saksılarda ilk çiçek tomurcuğu gözlenmiştir. S.compacta tohumlarının 100 gün ve fazlasında, +4℃’de vernalize olabildiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu çalışmadaki bilgilerin Silene compacta’ta çiçeklenmeyi optimize etmeye yardımcı olacağını ve ileride yapılacak çalışmalarla da bir kesme çiçek adayının ve/veya saksılı sukulent bir bitki adayının çiçekçilik pazarına tanıtılmasına katkıda bulunacağını umuyoruz.
Zambak (Lilium candidium L.) Bitkisinin in vitro Ortamda Soğan Pulları Kullanılarak Çoğaltılmasının Tarımsal ve Ticari Potansiyeli
Authors: Eskimez İlknur , Mendi Yeşim , Polat Mehmet , Yıldırım Adnan Nurhan
Published: May 2024

Zambak (Lilium spp.), estetik değeri ve ekonomik önemi nedeniyle dünya çapında yaygın olarak yetiştirilen bir süs bitkisidir. Bu bitkinin in vitro koşullarda çoğaltılması ve yetiştirilmesi, genetik varyasyonların korunması, hastalıklara karşı dirençli genotiplerin üretilmesi ve ticari üretimin artırılması gibi çeşitli nedenlerle büyük ilgi görmektedir. Bu bağlamda, zambak bitkisinin soğan pulları temelinde in vitro ortamda yetiştirilmesi ve çoğaltılması, modern bitki çoğaltma yöntemleri arasında önemli bir uygulama alanını oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışma, zambak bitkisinin in vitro koşullarda soğan pulları üzerine yapılan çalışmaların sonuçlarını ve elde edilen bulguları değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. İn vitro kültür teknikleri, bitki hücrelerinin kontrollü koşullarda büyütülmesini ve geliştirilmesini sağlayan güçlü araçlardır. Bu teknikler, bitki fizyolojisi, morfolojisi ve moleküler biyoloji alanlarında çeşitli parametreleri incelemek için kullanılır. Zambak bitkisinin soğan pulları ile in vitro çoğaltımı, bitki rejenerasyonu, doku kültürü optimizasyonu, hormonal düzenlemelerin etkisi ve kalite kontrolü gibi konuları içermektedir. Yapılan çalışmalarda, farklı besin ortamları, hormon kombinasyonları, ışık düzenlemeleri ve çoğaltım yöntemleri gibi değişkenlerin, zambağın in vitro gelişimi ve soğan pulları üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmaların sonuçları, zambak bitkisinin in vitro çoğaltımının artan verimlilik, kalite ve hastalık direnci açısından nasıl optimize edilebileceği konusunda önemli perspektifler sunmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, zambak bitkisinin in vitro ortamda soğan pulları ile çoğaltımı üzerine yapılan çalışmalar, zambak yetiştiriciliğinde verimliliği artırmak, genetik varyasyonları korumak ve hastalıklara karşı dirençli bitki materyali üretmek gibi pratik uygulamalara yönelik önemli bilgiler sağlamaktadır.
Havuç Genotiplerinde Anter Kültüründen Gelişen Bitkilerde Haploid Uyartımı
Authors: Çavuşoğlu Özge , İpek Meryem
Published: May 2024

Havuç, içerdiği zengin vitaminler, mineraller ve yüksek antioksidan kapasitesi nedeniyle insan sağlığı açısından önemli sebze türlerinden biridir. Dünya’da havuç üretimi yaygın olarak hibrit çeşitler kullanılarak yapılmaktadır. Hibrit çeşitlerin üretiminde kullanılan saf hatların geliştirilmesinde, havuç yabancı tozlanan bir tür olduğundan kendilemeyle %100 saf hatların elde edilmesi mümkün değildir. Günümüzde doku kültürü yöntemlerinden biri olan anter kültürü tekniğiyle kısa süre içerisinde homozigot hatların eldesi mümkün olmaktadır. Çalışmada, Hatay siyahı ve Turuncu havuç genotipleri kullanılmıştır. Modifiye B5 besin ortamına her bir petri kabında 50 anter olacak şekilde her genotipten toplamda 2500 anter ekilmiştir. Besin ortamı pH’sı 5.8’e ayarlanmıştır. Ekilen anterler gelişim gözleninceye kadar 27℃’de karanlık ortamda bekletilmişlerdir. Turuncu havuç genotipinden herhangi bir gelişme gözlenmemiştir. Hatay siyahı havuç genotipinde ise 16 anterde kallus oluşturarak bitkicik oluşumu gözlemlenmiştir. Sonrasında kallustan gelişim gösteren bitkicikler rejenerasyon ortamına aktarılmıştır. Ploidy analizleri sonucunda 6 bitkiciğin haploid yapıda olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan bu çalışmada Hatay siyahı havuç genotipinde haploid uyartımının turuncu havuç genotipine göre daha yüksek olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Ülkemiz sebzecilik ıslahı açısından bu tekniğin farklı havuç genotiplerinde geliştirilmesi ve protokollerin optimize edilmesi ıslah çalışmaları için büyük önem arz etmektedir.
CRISPR/Cas9 Teknolojisinin Sebze Islahında Kullanımı
Authors: Sütçü Şeyma , Sarıkamış Gölge
Published: May 2024

Bitkilerde verim, kalite, hastalık ve zararlılara dayanıklılık, olumsuz çevre ve toprak koşullarına tolerant yeni çeşitlerin geliştirilmesi öncelikli ıslah hedefleri arasındadır. Özellikle son yıllarda verim ve kalite kaybına neden olan biyotik ve abiyotik stres faktörlerine karşı adaptasyon yeteneği yüksek çeşitlerin geliştirilmesi bitki ıslahı açısından önem taşımaktadır. Yeni çeşitlerin geliştirilmesinde klasik ıslah yöntemleri yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ancak, sürecin uzun olması ve yoğun iş gücü gerektirmesi nedeniyle güncel teknolojik yöntemler ıslah programlarına dahil edilerek ıslah sürecinin daha hızlı ve etkin olarak yürütülmesi sağlanmaktadır. Moleküler biyoloji alanında yeni nesil teknolojilerin kullanılmaya başlanmasıyla birlikte ıslah çalışmaları hız kazanmıştır. Son yıllarda CRISPR/Cas9 yeni nesil genom düzenleme uygulamaları ile genomda hedef bölgeler düzenlenerek bitkilere ıslah amacına yönelik özellikler kazandırılmaktadır. Bu kapsamda hastalık ve zararlılara karşı direncin artırılması, ürün kalitesinin iyileştirilmesi, kuraklık ve tuz stresine karşı tolerant bitkilerin geliştirilmesi başta olmak üzere çeşitli konularda araştırmalar yürütülmektedir. Sunulan çalışmada, CRISPR/Cas9 teknolojisinin bazı sebze türlerinin ıslahında kullanımı güncel araştırma bulguları ışığında değerlendirilmiştir.
Perspectives On Game-Based Learning Within The Higher Education Sector
Authors: Alshehhi Noora , Alzouebi Khadeegha , Charles Tendai
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the perceptions of faculty members on the integration and implications of game-based learning (GBL) in higher education, specifically within the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It aims to understand how GBL influences student motivation, engagement, and the achievement of learning outcomes, thereby offering a faculty-centric perspective on the effectiveness of GBL strategies in enhancing educational experiences at the tertiary level. The research methodology employed semi-structured interviews with 18 faculty members across various disciplines in UAE universities. These interviews were meticulously analysed through open coding, selective coding, and axial coding using NVivo software. The findings indicate a strong consensus among faculty members on the positive effects of GBL on student motivation and engagement. A crucial insight is the necessity for GBL tools to be directly relevant to subject matter and aligned with specific learning outcomes. Despite these benefits, challenges such as the need for game design to meet educational objectives were noted. The study highlights the potential of GBL to transform learning experiences in higher education by fostering an engaging, interactive, and motivational learning environment. It suggests that for GBL to be effectively integrated into higher education curricula, there must be a concerted effort to develop subject-specific games that are pedagogically sound and aligned with learning outcomes. This research contributes to the academic discourse by focusing on the relatively underexplored area of faculty perspectives on GBL in the higher education sector of the UAE. It extends the understanding of GBL's applicability beyond K-12 education, addressing a gap in the literature regarding its use and effectiveness in tertiary education. Through its faculty-centric lens, the study provides invaluable insights into the challenges and opportunities of implementing GBL in higher education settings, thereby offering a foundational framework for future research and practice in this emerging field.
Designing Of Double Sampling Plan Indexed Through Six Sigma Quality Level – 1 Using Truncated Binomial Distribution
Authors: PRATHEEBA Dr. S.
Published: May 2024

Among the various probability distributions utilized to characterize situations where an observational apparatus becomes active only upon the occurrence of at least one event, the Zero Truncated Poisson Distribution (ZTPD) stands out. Shanmugam (1985) demonstrated the applicability of the ZTPD in modeling scenarios such as second quality lots, where there exists the possibility of at least one defective item in the sample. In this paper, a systematic procedure for constructing Double Sampling Plans, indexed through Six Sigma Quality Level – 1 (SSQL - 1), is presented. The methodology employs the Truncated Binomial Distribution (TBD) as the baseline distribution. Furthermore, to facilitate the selection of these plans, tables generated using an Excel packages are provided, ensuring ease of use and accessibility.