bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ability of Cotton on the Texas High Plains to Compensate for Pre-bloom Square Loss and Impact on Yield and Fiber Quality
Authors: Kerns David L. , Fromme Dan D. , Baugh Brant A. , Doederlein Tommy
Published: January 2023

In the High Plains region of Texas it is not unusual for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) to suffer pre-bloom fruit loss from insect injury or abiotic factors. The objective of this study was to investigate cotton’s ability to compensate pre-bloom square loss and determine the impact this loss had on yield and fiber quality. Experiments were conducted in Lubbock, TX in 2009, 2010, and 2011 evaluating the impact of 0 to 100% pre-bloom square removal on cotton yield and fiber quality. During 2009 and 2010, cotton was able to either compensate up to 100% pre-bloom fruit loss, or suffered environmentally induced square loss resulting in limited boll carrying capacity that equalized yields and boll density across square removal treatments. If compensation was the reason for the lack of differences among treatments, the plants appear to compensate by producing more secondary or tertiary position fruit, as well as retaining additional mid- to upper-canopy fruit. However, evidence suggested that fiber quality may decline in some compensated bolls due to maturity issues. When environmental conditions were harsh, as in 2011, the cotton plant did not appear to be able to compensate fully for yield due to some pre-bloom fruit loss. This was most evident when an early-season termination event, such as a freeze, was simulated. Where cotton was allowed to mature fully, overcompensation was evident in 2011, with the greatest yields occurring at approximately 27% pre-bloom square removal. As with previous years, fiber quality in 2011 might be impacted adversely from compensated fruit.
Residual Weed Control in Cotton with Fluridone
Authors: Hill Zachary T. , Norsworthy Jason K. , Barber L. Tom , Gbur Edward
Published: January 2023

Glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth is considered the most troublesome weed in agronomic crops in the Midsouth. The reliance on multiple herbicide mechanisms of action (MOA) and soil-residual herbicides has increased over the past several years due to the ever growing issue of herbicide-resistant weeds. Field experiments were conducted at several locations in Arkansas to determine the efficacy of fluridone on Palmer amaranth in glyphosate-resistant and glufosinate-resistant cotton herbicide programs and to determine the length of residual fluridone activity when applied preemergence (PRE). Fluridone has a unique MOA and is currently not registered as a stand-alone herbicide for use in cotton. In the length of residual experiment, when rainfall was adequate, fluridone applied PRE at rates greater than 224 g a.i. ha-1 provided > 90% Palmer amaranth control for 6 wk after application; however, effective season-long Palmer amaranth control was not achieved with any rate of fluridone alone. Fluridone alone applied 14-d preplant or PRE did not provide greater Palmer amaranth control than a standard herbicide application. When fluridone was integrated into a glufosinate-based herbicide program, PRE-applied fluridone at 224, 336, and 448 g ha-1 did not provide greater Palmer amaranth control than the standard herbicide program that included fluometuron. Based on these experiments, fluridone should not be applied as a stand-alone herbicide in cotton, nor will it reduce the number of POST applications needed for effective Palmer amaranth control in glufosinate-resistant cotton.
Relationships of Yield Component Variables to Yield and Fiber Quality Parameters
Authors: Groves Frank E. , Bourland Freddie M. , Jones Don C.
Published: January 2023

Indirect selection for cotton yield using yield component variables may provide improved yield, yield stability, and fiber quality. Data from irrigated and non-irrigated tests conducted in 1999 through 2006 at four Arkansas locations were evaluated. Parameters included lint yield (LY), basic yield components of number of seed per area (SPA) and lint index (LI), secondary yield components of seed index (SI), number of fibers per seed (FPS), and fiber density (FDEN), lint percentage (LP), and seed percentage (SP), and fiber quality traits of micronaire (MIC), length (LEN), uniformity index (UI) and strength (STR). Seed index and LP were dropped from further consideration due to collinearity. Locations and genotypes varied in most of the tests for most of the variables. Genotype × location (G×L) was most frequently found for LY and SPA and least frequently found for LEN and UI. Path coefficients from PathSAS were used to identify the direct effects and relationships among variables. Higher instability was found in non-irrigated tests and in tests of more recently developed genotypes. Lint yield was influenced by SPA, but SPA exhibits low heritability. Lint index was influenced by FPS, MIC and LEN with FPS having the strongest influence. Among the fiber quality parameters, MIC and LEN had a negative relationship while UI and STR had strong direct effects on LEN. Fiber density via FPS tended to be related to lower MIC. These data suggest that FDEN could serve as a selection criterion for increased LY without negatively impacting fiber quality traits.
In-Season Cotton Drought-Stress Quantification: Previous Approaches and Future Directions
Authors: Raper Tyson B. , Oosterhuis Derrick M. , Barnes Edward M.
Published: January 2023

Cotton producers in the Mid-South and southeastern regions of the U.S. have two approaches to manage drought stress: irrigate or plant drought-tolerant cultivars. Still, timing irrigations and defining the amount to be applied have been challenging in humid regions. Additionally, little information is available on varietal drought tolerance. An index capable of quantifying drought stress at a given location could be used to compile yield responses across variety trials to give robust insight into varietal drought tolerance and define irrigation thresholds for irrigated fields or provide information required to better place varieties in dryland scenarios, thereby increasing the water-use efficiency and sustainability of the production system. The objectives of this review are to cover past research conducted on developing drought-stress indices, examine the potential of soil moisture measurements to provide insight into cotton water status, and highlight cotton-specific data that likely will be used to construct a drought-stress index capable of providing insight into cotton water status. Although multiple approaches have been taken, each relies on some measure of drought stress coupled with susceptibility of the crop to the stress at a given point in the season. From this review, it is clear that new advancements in sensor technology and a better understanding of cotton’s susceptibility to drought stress should support the development of a more accurate, reliable drought-stress index capable of providing insight into varietal drought tolerance and driving irrigations.
Site-Specific Relationships between Cotton Root Rot and Soil Properties
Authors: Cribben C.D. , Thomasson J.A. , Ge Y. , Morgan C.L.S. , Yang C. , Isakeit T. , Nichols R.L.
Published: January 2023

Cotton Root Rot (CRR), caused by Phymatotrichopsis omnivora, is a problem across the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, commonly killing plants in infected portions of fields and greatly reducing overall yields. Over several decades a few studies have attempted to determine how soil properties influence the incidence of CRR, but no consistent associations have been found. Recent technological improvements allow for rapid collection of high-resolution disease damage estimates from aerial photography and of soil-property data, most notably with devices that measure apparent electrical conductivity (ECa). These technologies provide another avenue for evaluation of possible relationships between disease damage and soil properties. Data were collected from three geographically separated fields in Texas known to exhibit CRR: (1) aerial imagery to document CRR infection, (2) ECa data of soils with an electromagnetic induction device, and (3) several physical and chemical soil properties measured on soil cores sampled from the sites. Images were analyzed for incidence of CRR, and all other data were geographically overlaid for comparison among data sets. A significant relationship was found between ECa and CRR at one site but was not found at the others. The relationship between ECa and other soil properties tended to involve hydrologic factors such as clay and sand contents, which affect soil water holding capacity, and depth to soil matrix effervescence and inorganic carbon content, which indicate relative water movement through the soil profile. Soil properties that were significantly related to CRR incidence included soil pH (two of three locations) and clay and sand contents (at one site only).
Perfil do consumidor de pescado em dois municípios do litoral amazônico brasileiro: uma análise com foco em produtos da piscicultura, ano de 2017.
Authors: Brabo Marcos , Miranda Adrielle , Serra Renata , Costa Breno , Campelo Daniel , Veras Galileu
Published: January 2023

The objective of this study was to analyze the profile of fish consumers in two municipalities of the Brazilian Amazonian coast in order to identify consumption preferences for marine and freshwater fish from extractive and captive fishing. Questionnaires were applied to 400 consumers, equally divided between Bragança and Tracuateua, in Pará State. The approach took place in municipal markets and street fairs between August and November 2017. Results indicate that despite their low purchasing power the analyzed municipalities present a high frequency of fish consumption, with Tracuateua being more attractive for commercializing freshwater fish, including the tambaqui (Colossoma macropopum, Characidae) from fish farming.
Indicadores de eficiência bioeconômica aplicados em unidades de produção familiar de tilápia em sistema semi-intensivo.
Authors: Marcello Renan , Leonardo Antônio , Almeida Luis , Brande Maicon , Bueno Guilherme
Published: January 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate the bioeconomic efficiency of pondbased Family Farming Units (UPFs) of tilapia (O. niloticus) in a semi-intensive system in the Ribeira Valley region, São Paulo, Brazil. Eight UPFs were studied and an experiment was developed to define a UFM. The bioeconomic efficiency of the UPFs presented a decrease of 4.58 tons per hectare and an increase of 93 days in slaughtering and commercialization time when compared to that of the UFMs. The return on capital invested can reach up to R$2.76 per kg produced and profitability of 46% in each cycle.
TÜRKİYE’DE SİYASAL TOPLUMSALLAŞMA ALANINDA HAZIRLANAN LİSANSÜSTÜ TEZLER ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA (1988-2022)
Authors: TÜRKÖZ Şükrü , TÜRKÖZ Elif Nagihan
Published: January 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye’de siyasal toplumsallaşma alanında hazırlanan lisansüstü tezleri çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelemektir. Bu anlamda çalışma, konuya ilgi duyan akademisyenler için bir yol haritası oluşturmayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma verileri, nitel araştırma veri toplama yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi tekniği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi veri tabanında kayıtlı 100 lisansüstü tez incelenmiştir. Araştırma verilerinin çözümlenmesinde betimsel içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulguların frekans ve yüzde değerleri tablolarda gösterilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre siyasal toplumsallaşma alanında en çok lisansüstü tez sırasıyla Selçuk Üniversitesi ve Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi bünyelerinde tamamlanmıştır. Alanda en çok çalışılan konular ise “eğitim/okul ve medya” gibi siyasal toplumsallaşma aracıları ile ergenlik/gençlik dönemi siyasal toplumsallaşması başlıklarında toplanmıştır. Aile ve akran grupları gibi siyasal toplumsallaşma aracıları ile “din-siyasal toplumsallaşma ilişkisi” konuları lisansüstü tezler içerisinde nispeten daha az çalışılmıştır.
ÇKKV TEKNİKLERİYLE TEDARİKÇİ SEÇİMİ: TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYETİ JANDARMA TEŞKİLATINDA BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: AKDEMİR Özcan , BÜYÜKKEKLİK Arzum
Published: January 2023

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Jandarma Genel Komutanlığının emniyet ve asayiş ile kamu düzenini sağlamak başta olmak üzere mülki, adli ve askeri görevleri bulunmaktadır. Hizmetin aksamaması için personel niteliklerinin yanı sıra, kullanılan araç ve gereçlerin de kaliteli ve maksimum performans sağlayacak şekilde olması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı’nın devriye müdahale aracı teminine yönelik problem, tedarikçi seçimi çerçevesinde ele alınmış, en uygun alternatifin belirlenmesine yönelik ÇKKV yöntemleri kullanılarak bir uygulama yapılmıştır. Uygulamada kriter ağırlıklarının belirlenmesi ve alternatiflerin sıralanması olmak üzere iki aşamalı bir çalışma yürütülmüştür. Birinci aşamada CRITIC ve ENTROPI ile kriter ağırlıkları belirlenerek CRITIC, ENTROPI ve bütünleşik değer olmak üzere üç farklı ağırlık değeri hesaplanmış, üçünde de en önemli kriter olarak fiyat kriteri olarak tespit edilmiştir. İkinci aşamada ise, belirlenen bu değerler kullanılarak TOPSIS ve WASPAS yöntemlerinin bütünleşik kullanımıyla alternatiflerin sıralaması yapılmış, en iyi alternatif belirlenmiştir. Yapılan literatür araştırmasında Jandarma Genel Komutanlığının tedarikçi seçimine yönelik bir akademik çalışma tespit edilememiştir. Kamu İhale Kanunu’nda belirtilen esaslar dahilinde standart alım sistemi bulunması nedeniyle konunun göz ardı edildiği değerlendirilmiş olup, bu çalışmanın ilk olması sebebiyle literatüre katkıda bulunacağı öngörülmektedir.
Dolgu Zemin Etkinlik Alanlarının Tasarımı Üzerine Eleştirel Bir Değerlendirme: New York-HDPK Little Island ve İstanbul-Yenikapı
Authors: CİRİTCİ İlke
Published: January 2023

Çalışmanın Amacı: Kentin kıyı alanlarının hızla değişmesi ve yeniden üretilmesinin en önemli nedeni kıyı alanlarının yoğun kullanımıdır. Kentte yaşayanların kıyı alanlarının kullanımı doğrultusunda artan talebi kıyılara fiziki müdahalelere neden olmaktadır. Araştırma, kıyı şeridi korunarak kentin kullanıcılarının kentle etkileşime girebilecekleri bir kamusal alan tasarlanabileceğini tartışmaya açmayı hedeflemektedir. Bu durumda şehirde yaşayan insanlar ve şehrin kendisi yeni deneyimler ve kimlik kazanacaktır.Kavramsal/Kuramsal Çerçeve: Tarihi Yarımada, İstanbul'un en önemli karma sit alanlarından biridir. Konu, kültürel mirasın korunması çerçevesinden ele alındığında koruma, kıyı şeridinin bütüncül koruma ilkeleri doğrultusunda korunmasını kapsamaktadır. Sit alanı ilan edilmiş, tarihi bir alanda dolgu yapılması durumu, ilana konu olmuş unsurlardan biri olan kıyı şeridinin şeklini değiştirmekte, dolayısıyla bütünsel korunmayı tehlikeye atmaktadır. Kıyı şeridini koruyan aynı zamanda mekânsal ihtiyaçları karşılayan farklı tasarım yaklaşımları mevcuttur. Bunlardan biri de New York’ta, tarihi referansı da bulunan Little Island’dır.Yöntem: Araştırmada veriler literatür araştırması, saha gözlemleri ve dokümantasyon yoluyla toplanmıştır. Dolgu alanları ile ilgili bilimsel yayınlar incelenmiş, HDPK Little Island yerinde gözlemlenmiş ve tespitler yapılarak konunun önemi korumacı bir bakış açısıyla tartışılmıştır.Bulgular: İstanbul’da yer alan Yenikapı miting alanı ile New York’ta yer alan Hudson River Park’a bağlı konumdaki iskele parklardan biri olan Little Island’ın incelendiği çalışmada kıyı şeridini bozmadan, kentte yaşayan insanların ve ziyaretçilerin kent ile etkileşime geçebilecekleri kamusal alan ihtiyacı, kentin kıyı izini bozmadan gerçekleştirilebilecek bir kazanım olabilmelidir. Kıyı şeridine yapılacak olan tasarımlarla ilgili öneriler; *Yeni yürüme rotaları ile kıyı şeridinin yürünebilirliği arttırmalı, *Çeşitlenmeye önem vermeli *İçinde bulunulan yüzyılın teknolojilerinden faydalanmalı *Tasarlanmış olan bir mekân algısı olduğunu hissettirmeli (görsel olarak estetik olmalı) *Kıyı şeridine ve tarihi olana saygılı olmalı *Farklı kotlarla zenginleştirilip çeşitli manzara noktaları oluşmasına izin vermeli ve farklı kotlardan seyir imkânı sunmalıdır.Sonuç: Bulgularda bahsedilen kriterleri sağlayan bir anlayış içerisinde tasarlanan dolgu zemin aktivite alanları hem çevreye duyarlı hem de kentin dinamiğini arttıracak potansiyel yaratma konusunda ilgi çekici olacaktır. Bu durumda hem kentte yaşayan insanlar hem de kentin kendisi yeni deneyimlere ve yeni bir kimliğe kavuşacak, etkileşimi arttıkça da aidiyeti kuvvetlenecektir.
Biofeedback on Faecal Incontinence After Anorectal Malformations Repair: Effects Through Four Months: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Elshafey Mohamed Ali , Serag Mohamed , Abdrabo Mohamed Samy
Published: January 2023

Background. Surgical repair for anorectal malformation in children had post-operative unsatisfactory results as children still suffering from faecal incontinence. Objective. The effect of Biofeedback in treating children fecal incontinence after anorectal malformations repair was investigated. Methodology. A randomized controlled trial design was conducted in the Pediatric hospital, Mansoura University. Forty-eight children with postsurgical anorectal malformations repair were assessed for eligibility. Forty children (twenty-two boys and eighteen girls) underwent simple randomization into two matched groups, control and study group. The anal function was assessed by Anorectal manometry and faecal incontinence was evaluated by Baylor social continence scale. Measurements were done before and after two months of intervention, and after four months of follow-up. Result. There was statistically significant improvement in maximal resting anal pressure, maximal voluntary contraction pressure, voluntary contraction time, the threshold of rectal sensation, maximal tolerable rectal volume and Baylor social continence scale (P < 0.05) for biofeedback group after two months of intervention and four months of follow-up in comparison with conservative treatment. Conclusion. Biofeedback improved faecal incontinence after ARM repair and had an intermediate follow up effect in conjunction with conservative interventions.
First discovery of the natural egg parasitoid of Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) in Turkey with molecular methods (Lepidoptera: Crambidae
Authors: Can Feza , Ercan Fahriye , Ulasli Basak
Published: January 2023

The genus Trichogramma Westwood, 1833 are important biological control agents of especially Lepidoptera pests in all around the world. These tiny wasps can’t be reliably identified owing to their small size and lack of definable morphological characters. ITS2 (Internal transcribed spacer 2) sequence-based identification has been performed successfully for years for parasitoids of the genus Trichogramma. The use of indigenous Trichogramma species against pests is very important for the success of biological control. Therefore, accurate and precise species identification of Trichogramma plays a key role in biological control programs. In the study, egg parasitoids were obtainedfrom parasitized egg masses of Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) collected in Hatay province of Turkeyin May 2021. Trichogramma wasps were collected and only one species was determined by using both ribosomaland mitochondrial sequences. According to ribosomal and mitochondrial sequence results, all of the collectedsamples were determined to be Trichogramma evanescens Westwood, 1833. This is the first report of T. evanescensas egg parasitoid of C. perspectalis in the worldwide.
Pagsusuri sa Estruktura ng Ponolohiya ng Surigaonon-Cantilan sa Surigao del Sur
Authors: Samarca Annie Yparraguirre
Published: January 2023

Naglarawan at nagsuri ang pag-aaral na ito sa estruktura ng ponolohiya ng Surigaonon-Cantilan sa Surigao del Sur. Nilapatan ito ng disenyong deskriptibong kwalitatibo. Nakuha ang mga datos mula sa mga impormante na lehitimong mamamayan sa mga bayan ng Carrascal, Cantilan, Madrid, Carmen at Lanuza na naging saklaw ng pag-aaral. Natuklasan na ang Surigaonon-Cantilan na wikain  ay mayroong anim (6) na ponemang patinig: /i/, /e/, /ǝ/ , /a/,  /o/ at  /u/; at labimpitong (17) ponemang katinig:  /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/, /s/, /h/, /m/, /n/, /η/, /l/, /r/, /y/, /w/, /ˀ/ at /j/;  Ginagamit ang mga ponemang ito sa unahan, gitna at hulihan ng mga salitang Cantilangnun maliban sa /j/ na walang gamit sa hulihan ng salita. Ang mga diptonggo na /aw/, /iw/, /ay/, /oy/ at /uy/  ay nakapaloob din sa mga salitang  na maaaring makikita sa una at huling pantig ng salita. Natuklasan din ang dalawamput dalawa (22) na mga klaster sa wikang pinag-aralan: br, by, dy, dj, dr, dy, gr, gw, hy, kl, kr, kw, ky, ly, pl, pr, pw, py, sw, sy,  tr at ty at nakikitaan din ng pares minimal ang wikaing ito. Apat na diin ang natukoy sa pag-aaral, ang malumay, malumi, mabilis at maragsa.
Опыт применения деносумаба у больных с амелобластомой нижней челюсти
Authors: Абдуллаев Ш.Ю. , Ганиев А.А. , Абдурахмонов С.З.
Published: January 2023

В статье рассматриваются вопросы применения деносумаба у больных с амелобластомой нижней челюсти. Применение метода 3Д диагностики позволяет оценивать динамику изменений участка поражения кости амелобластомой под воздействием таргетного препарата деносумаб. При этом, учитывая визуальные изменения в виде полностью сформированного ободка склероза и изменения денситометрических показателей опухоли, возможно оценка ожидаемого хирургического вмешательства.
Тимпаносклероз у детей с хроническим гнойным средним отитом
Authors: Амонов Ш.Э. , Назиров Ф.Н.
Published: January 2023

Данный обзор посвящён развитию тимпаносклероза у детей с хроническим гнойным средним отитом (ХГСО). Обзор показал, что все вышеуказанное свидетельствует о необходимости проведения углубленных исследований механизмов развития тимпаносклероза у детей с ХГСО целью разработки эффективных методов диагностики, лечения и профилактики заболевания.
Perspective Chapter: Salivary Duct Cyst
Authors: R. Nagar Saurabh , Fernandes Gabriela , Bansal Shivani , S. Desai Rajiv , Jayanth Kamdar Diya
Published: January 2023

Salivary duct cysts (SDCs) are true cysts caused by obstruction of salivary ducts and are rare in minor salivary glands. Intraoral SDCs and mucoceles represent clinically salivary gland neoplasms, making diagnosis difficult and subject to errors in treatment. It is important for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons to include SDC in the differential diagnosis of swelling affecting buccal mucosa.
A “Futures Literacy” Framework for Understanding the Future of Mobile Health Development in Africa
Authors: Ouedraogo Ismaila , Benedikter Roland , Michel Jonas Some Borlli , Diallo Gayo
Published: January 2023

Sub-Saharan Africa is known to feature some of the weakest healthcare systems in the world. The expanding field of mobile technology in healthcare over the past years, commonly known as mHealth, has been considered to have potential leverage for supporting and improving healthcare systems, especially in disadvantaged areas, if people are literate enough to autonomously use them. However, implementing new technologies in African healthcare systems has not always considered local realities. Many African countries are facing challenges to capitalize on these opportunities. For instance, the lack of planning, foresight, and anticipation may affect the resources available for the implementation of mHealth. This chapter argues that exploring future scenarios can be a key point to successfully designing and implementing Health Literacy Mobile technologies for a sustainable healthcare system in Africa. The UNESCO Futures Literacy (FL) approach can contribute as a valuable foresight tool to anticipate “the future” of mobile health in Africa. Being “future literate” empowers the imagination and enhances the ability of African peoples and countries to prepare and co-invent inclusive health technologies that contribute to achieving both the agenda 2063 of the African Union and the UNESCOs 2022-2029 strategy. Overall, FL could become a catalyst to make new technologies tools of “liberation technology” and “justice technology” for Africa.
The Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS) as an Indicator of General Well-Being
Authors: K. Bufford Rodger , Cantley Jessica , Hallford Jaycee , Vega Yadira , Wilbur Jessica
Published: January 2023

Developed in the context of the subjective well-being movement in the 1970s, the Spiritual Well -Being Scale (SWBS) has stood the test of time. It was conceived within a theistic tradition and embodied the sense of well-being suggested in Biblical texts. The Old Testament greeting and blessing, shalom, seems to convey well the underlying concept of well-being. In this chapter we explore the empirical support and practical significance of the SWBS as a measure of well-being using the notion of biopsychosocial health as proposed by Engel and adapted by Sulmasy to include a religious/spiritual (R/S) dimension as well. Since the 1980s, thousands of studies have been completed and over 20 translations of the scale have been carried out. This chapter will concentrate on research since publication of Paloutzian, et al. Mr. Rogers used to sing, “Everything grows together because we’re all one piece.” Here our thesis is that everything goes together—biopsychosocial and spiritual—because humans function holistically. The SWBS captures this reality well. As a result, the SWBS functions as an index of well-being, an assessment instrument to identify those whose functioning is impaired, and an index of outcomes for interventions that seek to foster well-being.
The Singular Values of the Logarithmic Potential Transform on Bound States Spaces of Landau Hamiltonians on the Poincaré Disk
Authors: Elomari M’hamed , El Mfadel Ali
Published: January 2023

In the present manuscript, we prove that the singular numbers of the Cauchy transform Lσfz=−1π∫Dfξξ−zlog1∣z−ξ∣1−ξξ¯σ−2dμξ (2) defined on the space L2,σD of complex-valued measurable functions, which are 1−ξξ¯σ−2dμξ-square integrable on D where σ>1 is a fixed parameter, are asymptotically ≈Ckm−4ν+1,ask→∞ where C is a constant.
Perspective Chapter: Breast-Tumor-Derived Bone Pre-Metastatic Disease – Interplay between Immune and Bone Cells within Bone Marrow Microenvironment
Authors: Carolina Monteiro Ana , Bonomo Adriana
Published: January 2023

The bone marrow is a dynamic organ where osteogenesis and bone remodeling take place side by side with hematopoiesis and the maintenance of immunological memory. It provides a unique microenvironment favoring the colonization and outgrowth of breast cancer cells. The outcome of breast-cancer-derived bone metastases depends on the formation of a pre-metastatic niche, which is initiated through “education” of non-tumoral cells present in the primary cancerous niche. Among other participants, immune cells and their secreted factors can boost the successful seeding of the distant disease. In this chapter, we discuss the reciprocal interplay between bone and T and B cells, particularly in pathological contexts. In the first part, we are exploring the knowledge brought by the osteoimmunology field, especially from the best studied disease in this area, rheumatoid arthritis. In the second part, we summarize the latest findings on underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms for breast-cancer-derived bone pre-metastatic niche formation. In addition, we explore the concept that breast-tumor-primed T and B cells function as messengers from the periphery to the bone marrow, alter bone turnover homeostasis in favor of osteoclasts, before tumor colonization, leading to a pre-metastatic niche formation to further the development of bone metastases.
Focusing on Gratitude: Implications for Mental Health
Authors: S. Rye Mark , R. Schiavo Kristen , Tsaligopoulou Anna
Published: January 2023

This chapter examines positive psychology theories and research findings on how gratitude contributes to happiness and well-being. Two theories are discussed that provide insight into why gratitude enhances well-being (i.e., Broaden-and-Build Theory; Find, Remind, and Bind Theory). Empirical findings are reviewed showing that gratitude relates to lower levels of psychological distress, higher levels of psychological well-being, and better physical health. Benefits of writing-based gratitude interventions such as maintaining gratitude journals and writing gratitude letters are described. Studies showing promising benefits of gratitude across several situations are also addressed (i.e., the workplace, romantic relationships, and aging). Finally, suggestions for enhancing gratitude in one’s life are provided along with recommendations for future research.
Optical Soliton Neural Networks
Authors: Fazio Eugenio , Bile Alessandro , Tari Hamed
Published: January 2023

The chapter describes the realization of photonic integrated circuits based on photorefractive solitonic waveguides. In particular, it has been shown that X-junctions formed by soliton waveguides can learn information by switching their state. X junctions can perform both supervised and unsupervised learning. In doing so, complex networks of interconnected waveguides behave like a biological neural network, where information is stored as preferred trajectories within the network. In this way, it is possible to create “episodic” psycho-memories, able to memorize information bit-by-bit, and subsequently use it to recognize unknown data. Using optical systems, it is also possible to create more advanced dense optical networks, capable of recognizing keywords within information packets (procedural psycho-memory) and possibly comparing them with the stored data (semantic psycho-memory). In this chapter, we shall describe how Solitonic Neural Networks work, showing the close parallel between biological and optical systems.
Helicobacter Pylori Infection Correlates with Lower Prevalence and Subsequent Incidence of Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Hu Chenxiao , Lei Ting , Tai Natalie , Li Yan , Feng Xiujing , Huang Zhi , Lu Yun
Published: January 2023

According to some researchs, Crohn’s disease (CD) and Ulcerative colitis (UC), two chronic inflammatory bowel illnesses, may be protected against Helicobacter pylori infection. Many case–control studies have revealed that individuals with CD and UC had lower H. pylori prevalence than healthy controls. However, whether or not H. pylori plays a protective role in the development of Crohn’s disease is debatable. CD was more common in H. pylori-negative individuals than in H. pylori-positive patients. After eradication of H. pylori, the CD was more common in the H. pylori-negative group than in the H. pylori-positive group over the previous research follow-up period. Although it has been strongly indicated in previous studies that H. pylori infection plays a significant role and triggers autoimmune reactions and may be implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, the role of H. pylori in inflammatory bowel disease, including Crohn’s disease, is unclear.
Role of an Optimal Multiagent Scheduling in Different Applications Using ML
Authors: Taranum Fahmina , K Sridevi , Hijab Maniza , Fouzia Sayeedunissa Syeda , Kaleem Afshan , K.S Niraja
Published: January 2023

Scheduling is regarded as one of the vital decision-making processes used frequently in many real-time cases. It manages everything from resource allocation to the task completion, with the goal to optimize the desired objectives. Subject to the problem, the resources, tasks, and goals can differ. The aim is to design a corporative multiagent system for optimal scheduling. Many of the scheduling available algorithms calculate optimality based on different perspectives. The proposal is to create the dataset using multiple algorithms with different performance metrics to find an optimal one. This data can be imported into machine learning tools for training and predicting, based on the selected performance metrics. The algorithm considered in the empirical analysis includes first come first serve, Round robin, and Ant colony approach. The major finding shows that scheduling using Ant colony is an optimal algorithm, which is based on speed and velocity. The future extension would be to check the correctness of optimality using machine learning tools.
Innovative Approach of Cheese Making from Camel Milk: A Review
Authors: Bekele Birhanu
Published: January 2023

Camel milk contains all essential important components of human diet and generates cash, ensures food security, and provides health benefits. Compared to cow milk, camel milk has higher levels of whey protein, lower levels of αs1-casein, larger size of κ-casein, and a very low κ- to β-casein ratio. As a result, the technical characteristic of the acidic or enzymatic coagulation process of camel milk for cheese making is affected by all these factors. Camel milk cheese is a recent product that enters into both the domestic and global milk product markets. Cheese made from camel milk can have processing issues and be of lower quality if it is produced using the same technology as dairy products made from bovine milk. To maximize the possibility of manufacturing cheese from camel milk, various trials were conducted over time utilizing different methods. This chapter reviews the advancements in making cheeses from camel milk using starter cultures and coagulants. Furthermore, the relevant studies describing the fortification of camel milk with ingredients for cheese making are included.
Surgical Reconstruction of the Temporomandibular Joint
Authors: Kummoona Raja
Published: January 2023

This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), including its embryonic development, anatomy, and physiology. It also discusses techniques for management and reconstruction in TMJ disorders, such as TMJ ankylosis (in children and adults), first arch syndromes, and chronic and acute TMJ dislocation and subluxation.
Impacts of the Industrial and Technological Revolution on Territories and Cities in the Arid Environments: A Case Study of the Antofagasta Region in the Atacama Desert, Chile
Authors: Norberto Guerra Ramírez José
Published: January 2023

This chapter addresses the environmental and socio-cultural impact that the Industrial Revolution has maintained in the exploitation of the arid territories of the Atacama Desert. The perspectives, challenges and management of a region noted for its great contribution to the economic development of Chile are observed. Since the first promotion of the mining industry, today new industries such as solar energy, tourism and astronomy have strengthened regional development. This is the region with the highest solar radiation on the planet and one of the best places for astronomical observation, in the most Mars-like landscape on Earth. However, the development has not manifested itself in the well being of the cities, which have an average standard of urban development. The methodology of the study has a qualitative approach, assessing the fragility of the desert ecological system, with the strategies of adaptation to climate change and sustainable development. Improving the livability of cities, with unprecedented urban and architectural forms, is a necessity. The research hypothesis proposes that desert territories have a great potential to trigger sustainable energy transition. In conclusion, deserts are key environments to lead the process of innovation and creation of new desert cities.
ERCP and EUS in Management of Pancreatitis
Authors: Okello Michael , Kayondo Derick
Published: January 2023

Interventional endoscopic procedures like Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) have a major role in the minimally invasive management of acute and chronic pancreatitis and their complications. These complications may be due to pancreaticolithiasis, main pancreatic duct strictures, trauma, infections, autoimmune pancreatitis and pancreatic neoplasms. ERCP and endoscopic ultrasound scan are important as both diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. The commonly managed complications by ERCP and EUS include; pancreatic duct stones, main pancreatic duct strictures, pancreatic pseudocysts and pancreatic walled off necrosis. These endoscopic interventions have the advantage of cosmesis, short hospital stay and can be safely used even in very sick, critical or elderly patients without necessarily increasing the morbidity and mortality associated with open surgical approaches.
A Review of Mathematical Model Based in Clustered Computer Network
Authors: M. Batistela Cristiane , Roberto C. Piqueira José
Published: January 2023

The threats produced by viruses in computer networks have been frequent and the subject of many studies. Computer viruses share common characteristics with biological viruses, and therefore, one of the ways to study the dynamics of virus propagation has been through biological analogies. Inspired by macroscopic models, the susceptible-infected-removable (SIR) model allowed variations of compartmental models and suggested defenses considering antidotal (SIRA) and quarantined compartments (SIQRA), giving rise to models that evaluate the effectiveness and strategies to control the spread of viruses in networks. Recently, with the rapid popularization and access to networks, new studies have been taken into consideration the clusters of association of networks, indicating new control strategies and particularities of the dynamics. Toward this goal, this chapter presents a review of the mathematical model based in clustered computer network with the brief overview of the mathematical model reviews and providing an integrated framework to clustered model. In this essay, there is a discussion about the several ways of applying compartmental models to study the propagation of computer viruses and malwares through networks, emphasizing the effect of connections between geographically distributed machine clusters.
Sequential Mini-Batch Noise Covariance Estimator
Authors: Kim Hee-Seung , Zhang Lingyi , Bienkowski Adam , R. Pattipati Krishna , Sidoti David , Bar-Shalom Yaakov , L. Kleinman David
Published: January 2023

Noise covariance estimation in an adaptive Kalman filter is a problem of significant practical interest in a wide array of industrial applications. Reliable algorithms for their estimation are scarce, and the necessary and sufficient conditions for identifiability of the covariances were in dispute until very recently. This chapter presents the necessary and sufficient conditions for the identifiability of noise covariances, and then develops sequential mini-batch stochastic optimization algorithms for estimating them. The optimization criterion involves the minimization of the sum of the normalized temporal cross-correlations of the innovations; this is based on the property that the innovations of an optimal Kalman filter are uncorrelated over time. Our approach enforces the structural constraints on noise covariances and ensures the symmetry and positive definiteness of the estimated covariance matrices. Our approach is applicable to non-stationary and multiple model systems, where the noise covariances can occasionally jump up or down by an unknown level. The validation of the proposed method on several test cases demonstrates its computational efficiency and accuracy.
Epi-Regulation of Cell Death in Cancer
Authors: Beato Antonio , Della Torre Laura , Capone Vincenza , Carannante Daniela , Favale Gregorio , Verrilli Giulia , Altucci Lucia , Carafa Vincenzo
Published: January 2023

How do organisms regulate the correct balance between the production of “new” cells and the elimination of the “old” ones, remains an important biology issue under investigation. Cell(s) death represents a fundamental process involved in organism development and cell homeostasis, whose alteration is considered one hallmark of cancer and lead to drug resistance and consequently treatment failure. The recent re-classification of cell death has identified new molecular programs in which several proteins have a pivotal role. Several studies have highlighted a direct link between epigenetic modifications and cell death mechanisms. Different epi-modifications have been described, capable of regulating diverse key players implicated in cell death, leading to uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells. Scientific efforts are focused on the understanding the epigenetic regulation of cell death mechanisms by developing tools and/or new epi-molecules able to overcome cell death resistance. The development of new epi-molecular tools can overcome cell death deregulation thus potentially improving the sensitivity to the anti-tumor therapies. This chapter focuses on the main epigenetic deregulations in cell death mechanisms in cancer.
Spatial Change Recognition Model Using Image Processing and Fuzzy Inference System to Remote Sensing
Authors: Mirbod Majid
Published: January 2023

After the advent of satellites whose job is to image the surface of the earth, a huge database of imaging data of the surface of the earth was made available to researchers in various sciences to exploit a large data set in their field of work, and the subject of remote sensing gradually came to the attention of researchers in various sciences. For example, geography, environmental science, civil engineering, etc., each analyzed the visual data of the earth’s surface from the perspective of their field. According to this research, the issue of spatial change recognition and their location and calculating the percentage of changes at the ground level has been considered, and the model presented is based on machine vision, image processing, and a fuzzy interface system to reveal features. This research is in the category of applied research and finally, an application will be presented that can lead to the development of software such as Google Earth and can be added to that as an option. Another of the advantages of this model is its easy use compared to specialized software such as Arc GIS, and this is the novelty of this research.
Impact of COVID-19 on Users’ Social Perception of Public Transport in Madrid
Authors: Gómez-Ortega Alba , Gelashvili Vera , Luisa Delgado Jalón María
Published: January 2023

The aim of this present study is to analyze how the health crisis caused by pandemic has impacted on public transport users’ social perception, on their mobility decisions and whether the policies implemented have generated a greater safety for them. In order to achieve the objective, 1159 public transport users have been surveyed in Madrid. For the methodology, Bitner’s Servicescape Model has been used, because through this model, it is possible to analyze the physical environment in which a service is provided. This directly affects the assessment, perception, and user’s satisfaction, since the service is produced and consumed simultaneously. To complete the study, a regression model has been carried out. This study is an important contribution to academic literature, as it is the first to examine how the health crisis caused by COVID-19 has impacted on mobility decisions in the biggest city of Spain.
Elaboration of a Purple Corn Drink with Maximum Retention of Anthocyanins
Authors: Christian Pesantes Arriola Genaro , Alexis Higinio Rubio Víctor , Enrique Chinchay Barragán Carlos , Gustavo García Talledo Enrique , Ángel Durand Gonzales César , Huamani Palomino Wilmer
Published: January 2023

In the present work, the anthocyanin extraction process was characterized during the elaboration of a purple corn drink, using the response surface analysis method with temperature intervals between 47.57 and 132.43°C, and times from 11, 36 at 138.64 minutes. In addition, with the stationary point technique, the maximum retention of anthocyanin (33.99 mg/g) was determined at a temperature of 98.39°C at a time of 105.89 minutes of extraction. Since this time is too long and to reduce production costs, without resorting to considerable losses of anthocyanins, canonical analysis was used, redefining the optimal extraction parameters at a temperature of 100°C for 60 minutes with a reduction of the anthocyanin content of 2.49% (33.14 mg/g) concerning the maximum, a value that is within the optimum area of performance of the process. With the extract obtained under optimal conditions, a drink was prepared and, using the differential pH method and Student’s t-test (p = 0.05), its anthocyanin content was quantified and compared with that of a commercial drink with typical characteristics. Similar, observing that the elaborated drink presents higher contents, whose difference varies within the range of 2.79 and 4.72 mg/mL. Finally, using a satisfaction test with a nine-point hedonic scale, it was determined that the beverage was “very well liked” by a semi-trained sensory panel.
Natural Killer Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy: From Bench to Bedside
Authors: Zhang Li , Liu Chang
Published: January 2023

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate cytotoxic lymphocytes involved in the surveillance and elimination of cancer. The increasing number of studies have identified novel methods for enhancing the anti-tumor immunity of NK cells and expanding NK cells ex vivo, which paved the way for a new generation of anticancer immunotherapies. In this chapter, we will review the following aspects regarding NK cells, including the inhibitory and activating receptors modulating NK cell activity, NK cell development, the cytotoxic mechanism of NK cells, isolation, expansion and characterization of NK cells, and the source for NK cells. Moreover, we will highlight the cutting-edge immunotherapeutic strategies in preclinical and clinical development such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-NK cells, as well as the adoptive NK transfer to target cancer stem cells (CSCs). Last, we will discuss the challenges NK cells face which should be overcome to achieve cancer clearance.
Dietary Regulation of Keap1/Nrf2/ARE Pathway: Focus on Acai Berries and Pistachios and Cashews as Natural Food Sources
Authors: Di Paola Rosanna , Cuzzocrea Salvatore , Fusco Roberta , Cordaro Marika
Published: January 2023

Inflammation is a biological reaction to oxidative stress in which cell starts producing proteins, enzymes, and other substances to restore homeostasis, while oxidative stress could be intrinsically a biochemical imbalance of the physiologically redox status of the intracellular environment. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway, which controls the transcription of numerous antioxidant genes that protect cellular homeostasis and detoxification genes that process and eliminate all toxic compounds and substances before they can cause damage. The Nrf2 pathway is the heart of the daily biological response to oxidative stress. Transient activation of Nrf2 by diet can upregulate antioxidant enzymes to protect cells against oxidative stress inducers. In this chapter, we summarize the effects of some novel foods in the regulation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway and its cellular mechanisms.
Perspective Chapter: Remarks on the Relationship of Mangrove Recruitment and Thrombolithic Development in Coastal Lagoons
Authors: Alfaro Siqueiros Beltrones David
Published: January 2023

Thrombolithic formations are sedimentary structures generated by precipitation, consolidation, and lithification of sediments and caused by the evolution of cyanophyte mats that promote coastal ground formation. These, and unlithified thrombolithic platforms or pro-thrombolites, are closely associated with mangrove trees and forests that use them as an anchoring substrate. So, in contrast with the suggested role of mangroves as coastal ground formers, here, evidence is provided that supports the hypothesis that mangroves are actually opportunists that eventually colonize various phases of the evolution of thrombolites. Photographs of mangrove specimens found affixed on various pro-thrombolithic structures, including the first thrombolite platform described in 2005, constitute palpability for the above. Also, lithified structures have been identified as rhizoliths belonging to mangrove trees as evidence that colonization on thrombolite platforms has occurred also during earlier geological events. It is desirable that specialists on mangrove ecology consider analyzing and assessing this theory from their own perspective.