bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter (PPK) dalam Pembelajaran Tematik Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Hidayah Niki , Prayogo Muhammad Suwignyo
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to describe the strengthening of Character Education in Thematic Learning at SD. The data collection technique uses passive participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques using interactive analysis Miles Huberman. The results showed that the strengthening of the character model. Strengthening character education in thematic learning at SD, there are two basic programs, namely the curriculum and the hidden curriculum, which in implication form the personality and character of students in everyday life. Examples of religious characters in each initial activity before learning are the Koran and prayer. Then the obligation to say hello when meeting friends or teachers is proven by religious programs. An example of the character of nationalism is in extra work programs such as scouts, PMR and paskibraka.
Indonesian Infotainment in the Perspective of Islamic Law
Authors: Ikhsan Muhammad , Iskandar Azwar
Published: February 2023

This study aims to provide an overview of the nature of infotainment, the view of Islamic law on media and information products, and the view of Islamic law on infotainment. This research is a qualitative, descriptive study with library research techniques using philosophical, historical, and sociological approaches. The results show two main findings. First, infotainment is basically an information product containing entertainment elements, news, and information about celebrities. It is dominated by celebrity news that is not required by society and potentially provides negative impacts on people's social lives. Second, in the perspective of Islamic law, the media of information in all its forms is something of a neutral nature and hence the legal status depends on the usage purpose. By looking at the elements contained in an infotainment show (gibah, namīmah, and al-jahr bi al-fahisyah) coupled with the violation of at least two main objectives of Islamic Sharia (hifz al-a'rad and hifz al -'aql), infotainment with its present reality is something that is forbidden. The implication of this conclusion is that all attempts to produce, distribute, and consume them are unlawful (haram).
Tawhid Uluhiyyah (Oneness of Worship) and Veneration of Saints Tradition
Authors: Chasan Muchammad Ikfil , Zamhari Arif
Published: February 2023

This study examines the arguments of saints veneration according to Ayatollah Ja’far al-Subhani’s as one of the Shia Muslim scholars. This is qualitative study using literary research methods to obtain and analyze data with descriptive analysis techniques. Its primary source is the book buhuth qur’aniyyah fi al-tawhid wa al-shirk written by Ja’far al-Subhani himself. On the one hand, some Muslim scholars argue that the veneration of saints tradition including tabarruk (seeking blessings), tawassul (mediation), and tashaffu’ (seeking help) is an act of shirk as it suggests to worship other than Allah, and therefore violates the principle of tawhid uluhiyyah (oneness of worship) stating that Muslims must only worship Allah. On the other hand, Al-Subhani sees the tradition differently. Referring to his definition of worship (‘ibadah), he says that the veneration of saints does not violate the concept of tawhid uluhiyyah, but it is in line with tawhid. He sees it as an act of taqarrub (seeking proximity) which leads a Muslim to get closer to Allah, considering the saints are basically people having a special relationship with Allah.
The Recruitment of Parking Attendants as Members of Radical Religious Study Group in Indonesia
Authors: Kurniati Erni
Published: February 2023

How do radical religious groups recruit new members? Why do parking attendants want to be involved in radical religious study groups? This study aims to look at the role of religious study groups (pengajian) in one of the Religious Study Councils (Majelis Taklim) in Jakarta as a place for indoctrinating radicalism to people from a lower social class. The study also aims to identify the factors and approaches to radicalization. To see the phenomenon of radicalization in parking attendants, this study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The participants in this study are the wives of six former members of pengajian affiliated with ISIS as well as former parking attendants in Jakarta. The results of the study show that the parking attendants and their religious study groups have a significant role in attracting and recruiting new members through employment opportunities and facilities for studying the Qur'an, as well as exclusive Islamic teaching. The changes of attitude and thought that occurred in the parking attendants after attending the pengajian can be seen in their refusal to attend Friday prayers outside their group, their attendance to the weekly study group schedule, and the physical exercise performed such as self-defense.
The Concept of Religious Tolerance in Reconstruction and Reinterpretation of Al-Kafirun by Mun'im Sirry (Critical Discourse Analysis of Teun A. Van Dijk)
Authors: Anam Haikal Fadhil , Ghozali Mahbub
Published: February 2023

This research aims to explain the concept of religious tolerance of Mun'im Sirry from the reconstruction and reinterpretation of Sura al-Kafirun. This is library research using qualitative method and descriptive-explanatory research design. The analysis employed in this research is Critical Discourse Analysis by Teun A. Van Dijk. The authors use Critical Discourse Analysis to reveal the various strategic interests behind the writing of Sirry‘s commentary and the struggles of social and understanding of groups. The result of this research explains that the concept of religious tolerance offered by Sirry does not only stop in sociological framework, but, more than that, it also extends tolerance in a theological framework. In Sirry's perspective, Muslims need not only to respect, appreciate, acknowledge differences in belief with followers of other religions and live in harmony (sociological field), they also need to acknowledge the recognition of the possible salvation of other religious followers in the hereafter (theological field). Furthermore, the discourse cannot be separated from the power of the West as the controller of science and the ideologies that influence the discourse are rationalism, empiricism, or neo-mu‘tazilism.
The Discourse on Sexuality in Islamic Bioethics Perspective Ingrid Mattson
Authors: Umam Miftahul , Al Jufri Muhammad Arman , Rohmaniyah Inayah
Published: February 2023

Recently, the issue of sexuality in Islamic bioethics has often led to discrimination on gender issues, especially against women. The model for reading religious texts influenced by patriarchal culture and the massive development of health technology are allegedly the two reasons for this problem. This article examines sexuality in the discourse of Islamic bioethics developed by Ingrid Mattson. This article is included in qualitative research with the type of literature study. The discourse on sexuality in Islamic bioethics developed by Ingrid Mattson is a material object in this research. At the same time, the formal object of this research is discourse theory. The three points described in this study include; what is the form of discourse reading religious texts about sexuality in Islamic bioethics from the perspective of Ingrid Mattson, what are the background factors, and what are the implications. As a result, Ingrid Mattson's reading of religious texts must present the historicity of each verse and consider a gender balance. The factor that causes this discourse to exist is discrimination, verses that defend women in sexuality. This discourse's implications can unravel the discrimination problem that often befalls women and children.
KONTRIBUSI INDUSTRIALISASI DI DESA PADA KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT PEDESAAN
Authors: Hermansah Tantan , Rahmah Risna Siti
Published: February 2023

AbstractRice is the most important food source and the government is obliged to realize its availability and fulfillment. This study aims to: (1) analyze the level of farmer participation in increasing rice production; and (2) analyzing factors that influence the level of farmers' participation in increasing rice production. This study used a survey method and was conducted in March to May 2017 in Tabir District, Merangin Regency, Jambi Province. The number of samples of this study was 92 people. The analytical method used is descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (Path Analysis) which are equipped with qualitative data. The results of the study show that: (1) The level of participation of farmers in increasing rice production is quite good, meaning that farmers have sufficiently participated in efforts to increase rice production through the Upsus Pajale program; and (2) Factors that directly influence the level of farmer participation in increasing rice production are the intensity of interaction between farmers and extension workers, the level of knowledge of farmers about the role of extension workers, the number of family dependents, involvement in farmer groups, and length of farming.Keywords: participation; farmers; increased rice productionAbstrakPadi merupakan sumber pangan paling utama dan pemerintah berkewajiban mewujudkan ketersediaan serta pemenuhannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis tingkat partisipasi petani dalam peningkatan produksi padi; dan (2) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat partisipasi petani dalam peningkatan produksi padi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dan dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret hingga Mei 2017 di KecamatanTabir Kabupaten Merangin Provinsi Jambi. Jumlah sampel penelitian ini adalah 92 orang. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial (Path Analysis) yang dilengkapi dengan data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Tingkat partisipasi petani dalam peningkatan produksi padi cukup baik, berarti petani sudah cukup ikut serta dalam upaya peningkatan produksi padi melalui program Upsus Pajale; dan (2) Faktor yang berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap tingkat partisipasi petani dalam peningkatan produksi padi adalah intensitas interaksi petani dengan penyuluh, tingkat pengetahuan petani tentang peranan penyuluh, jumlah tanggungan keluarga, keterlibatan dalam kelompoktani, dan lama berusahatani.Kata kunci: partisipasi; petani; peningkatan produksi padi
PERAN SEKOLAH RELAWAN TERHADAP PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PROGRAM NAIK PANGKAT
Authors: Masrika Dini Masrika*, Muhtadi , Muhtadi Muhtadi
Published: February 2023

AbstractTo improve the welfare of life or improve the economy and decrease the impact of poverty, Volunteer School has a Promotion Program by facilitating business needs and finances, such as trading and selling. The Promotion Program can help the people who are caught in debt by giving support and capital for businesses by increasing skill to be able to do the business by themselves that will encourage them to be independent. The research aims to know the role of the Volunteer School in the Promotion Program in the institution of the Volunteer School, BejiDepok and to find out the result of the Promotion Program in empowering the poor. The approach used in this research is a qualitative with descriptive type. The data collection techniques used are: observation, interview, and documentation study. The result of the empowerment carried out by the Volunteer School through the Promotion Program is the program of empowering community to improve the level and standard of life for the poor family by providing capital support for trading and small business (entrepreneurship) as well as mentoring the family to be independent. The Promotion Program can be given to those who have traded with the equipment and materials they have, therefore, they can sell with much better equipment and materials.Keywords: role; volunteer school; promotion programAbstrakUntuk  meningkatkan kesejahteraan hidup atau meningkatkan ekonomi dan mengurangi dampak kemiskinan, Sekolah Relawan mempunyai Program Naik Pangkat dengan memfasilitasi kebutuhan dan keuangan dengan cara usaha, seperti berdagang dan berjualan. Program Naik Pangkat dapat membantu masyarakat yang terjerat hutang dengan memberikan support dan modal untuk usaha dengan peningkatan skill untuk bisa berusaha dengan sendirinya yang akan mendorong diri untuk menjadi mandiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran Sekolah Relawan dalam Program Naik Pangkat di Lembaga Sekolah Relawan Beji Depok dan mengetahui hasil dari Program Naik Pangkat dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat fakir miskin. Dalampenelitianini, pendekatanyang digunakan adalah pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan, yaitu: observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil pemberdayan yang dilakukan oleh Sekolah Relawan melalui Program Naik Pangkat, ialah program pemberdayaan masyarakat untuk meningkatkan derajat dan taraf hidup keluarga dhuafa dengan memberikan bantuan modal dagang/usaha kecil (wirausaha) serta pendampingan sampai keluarga penerima manfaat mandiri. Naik Pangkat dapat diberikan pada mereka yang sudah berdagang dengan perlengkapan dan bahan seadanya sehingga mereka mampu berjualan dengan perlengkapan dan bahan yang jauh lebih baik.Kata kunci: peran; sekolah relawan; progam naik pangkat
PERAN KEPEMIMPINAN TOKOH INFORMAL TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN KELOMPOK TANI HUTAN
Authors: Suyadi Suyadi , MR Dyah Ekaprasetya
Published: February 2023

AbstractCommunities that exist around the forest in general are still very dependent on their leaders. Effectiveness empowerment of forest communities/reserves can be measured from three aspects of self-reliance in the economic, social, cultural and ecological. The purpose of this study are: (1) analyze the effect of a leadership role informal leader of the economic self-reliance of forest farmer groups in the village of Kopo District Cisarua Bogor, (2) analyze the effect of a leadership role informal leader of the self-reliance of the ecology of forest farmer groups in the village of Kopo District Cisarua Bogor, (3) analyze the effect of the leadership role the informal leaders of the social and cultural independence of forest farmer groups in the village of Kopo District Cisarua Bogor. The research was conducted from March to May 2016. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The conclusions of this study are (1) a leadership role informal leaders did not significantly affect the economic self-reliance of forest farmer groups in the village of Kopo District Cisarua Bogor, (2) a leadership role as informal community leaders (the informational role) significantly affected the self-reliance of the ecology of forest farmer groups in the village of Kopo District Cisarua, Bogor, (3) the leadership role of informal leaders did not significantly affect social and cultural self-reliance of forest farmer groups in the village of Kopo District Cisarua, Bogor.Keywords: leadership; informal; self-relianceAbstrakMasyarakat yang ada di sekitar hutan pada umumnya masih sangat tergantung pada pemimpin mereka. Efektifitas pemberdayaan masyarakat sekitar kawasan konservasi dapat diukur dari kemandirian masyarakat dalam tiga aspek ekonomi, sosial budaya dan ekologi. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu: (1) menganalisis pengaruh peran kepemimpinan tokoh informal terhadap kemandirian ekonomi kelompok tani hutan di Desa Kopo Kecamatan Cisarua Kabupaten Bogor, (2) menganalisis pengaruh peran kepemimpinan tokoh informal terhadap kemandirian ekologi kelompok tani hutan di Desa Kopo Kecamatan Cisarua Kabupaten Bogor, (3) menganalisis pengaruh peran kepemimpinan tokoh informal terhadap kemandirian sosial budaya kelompok tani hutan di Desa Kopo Kecamatan Cisarua Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Maret sampai Mei 2016. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah  (1) peran kepemimpinan tokoh informal tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kemandirian ekonomi kelompok tani hutan di Desa Kopo Kecamatan Cisarua Kabupaten Bogor, (2) peran kepemimpinan tokoh informal (peran informasional) berpengaruh nyata terhadap kemandirian ekologi kelompok tani hutan di Desa Kopo Kecamatan Cisarua Kabupaten Bogor, (3) peran kepemimpinan tokoh informal tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kemandirian sosial budaya kelompok tani hutan di Desa Kopo Kecamatan Cisarua Kabupaten Bogor.Kata kunci: kepemimpinan; informal; kemandirian
RETORIKA PENDAHULUAN PROPOSAL PENELITIAN MAHASISWA JURUSAN BERBASIS AGAMA ISLAM DI UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI (UIN)
Authors: Wahyunengsih Wahyunengsih , Permana Sari Avita Ayu
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe introductory chapter takes substantial role in scientific writing. It contains the essence of the underlying study. It determines the novelty of the study. The subjects of this study are two thesis proposals of students majoring in Islamic Community Development (PMI) Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta. The method used is descriptive. Text analysis is used to describe and provide an overview of the rhetorical structure of the introduction. This study is aimed to determine the suitability of student research proposals with the Research Justification Problem (MMP) analysis model. The results of this study indicate that, in average there is only 30% correlation between the preliminary rhetoric of the research proposal and the MMP analysis model.Keywords: rethoric;l introduction chapter; research proposalAbstrakBab pendahuluan merupakan bagian penting yang berisi intisari yang mendasari penelitian sehingga dapat dikatakan layak untuk dilakukan. Subjek penelitian ini adalah dua proposal skripsi mahasiswa jurusan Pengembangan Masyarakat Islam (PMI) Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Analisis teks digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan dan memberi gambaran mengenai struktur retorika bagian pendahuluan proposal penelitian mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesesuaian proposal penelitian mahasiswa khususnya pada jurusan yang berbasis agama Islam di Indonesia dengan model analisis Masalah Menjastifikasi Penelitian (MMP). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, rata-rata terdapat hanya 30% kesesuaian antara retorika pendahuluan proposal penelitian dengan model analisis MMP.Kata kunci: retorika; pendahuluan; proposal penelitianDOI-
Increasing Utilization of the Preparticipation Physical Evaluation
Authors: Miliaresis Christa , Misra Priya , Friedman Deborah , Altman Robin , Gewitz Michael
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE

The American Heart Association and American Academy of Pediatrics endorse the preparticipation physical evaluation (PPE) to screen student athletes for the risk of sudden cardiac arrest. We sought to identify barriers precluding its use and improve utilization.

METHODS

We analyzed documentation of PPE elements during well-care visits of patients aged 12 to 18 years from 5 primary care practices. Employing quality improvement (QI) methodology, we focused on improving PPE utilization in 1 practice by assessing the number of PPE elements addressed per chart. We expanded our QI project to 4 additional practices by using the same interventions but assessing the percentage of charts that had a complete PPE documented.

RESULTS

A baseline analysis of 5 targeted practices revealed an average of 3.5 of 14 PPE elements documented. Using plan-do-study-act cycles, PPE elements addressed increased from 2.5 to 14 over an 18-month period in the initial practice. By spreading successful interventions to 4 other practices, complete PPE utilization increased from a median baseline of 10.0% to a median of 70.0% over a 12-month period. Postintervention, 12 of 16 patients (75%) required additional follow-up with pediatric cardiology beyond the initial consultation, as compared with 2 of 14 patients (14%) preintervention.

CONCLUSION

The PPE is an underutilized but effective tool in screening student athletes for sudden cardiac arrest. QI methodology was helpful in increasing the use of PPE in the primary care setting.
Dyspnoea in Oncological Patients: A Brain Teaser
Authors: Keramida Kalliopi , Kostoulas Athanasios
Published: February 2023

Dyspnoea is one of the most common symptoms in oncological patients with greater prevalence in lung cancer and advanced disease states. Causes of dyspnoea can be directly or indirectly associated with cancer, anti-neoplastic therapies and comorbidities unrelated to cancer. Routine screening of dyspnoea is suggested for all oncological patients by using unidimensional, simple scales and multidimensional tools to capture more domains affected by this symptom and to assess the effectiveness of interventions. The first step in the treatment algorithm of dyspnoea is the identification of potentially reversible causes; if no specific cause is depicted, symptomatic treatment with non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions is suggested. Referral to palliative care and continuous palliative sedation is the last resort in patients with a very limited life expectancy of not more than a few days for symptomatic relief and to decrease the distress of patients and caregivers.
Status, Trends, and Drivers of Harmful Algal Blooms Along the Freshwater-to-Marine Gradient in the San Francisco Bay–Delta System
Authors:   University of California, Santa Cruz, Kudela Raphael , Howard Meredith ,   Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board, Monismith Stephen ,   Stanford University, Paerl Hans ,   University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Published: February 2023

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are on the rise worldwide. Known drivers for the proliferation and intensification of HAB events include increasing nutrient pollution, climate change, regulation and modification of hydrological flow, and the combined effect of climate drivers and nutrient pollution. The San Francisco Bay–Delta system has largely been immune to severe or acute HAB events, but there is both a potential and realized threat which has been underestimated and under-reported, in part because of the lack of coordinated sampling and data reporting. There is also increasing evidence that HABs must be considered in the context of a freshwater-to-marine continuum, and that the physical and political boundaries separating components of the Bay–Delta system are porous barriers to HABs and their toxins. Much remains to be learned about the ecology and physiology of HAB organisms in this system, but five primary environmental drivers can be identified: temperature, salinity, irradiance, nutrients, and stratification/residence time. All these drivers are responding rapidly to climate change, but nutrients are the primary variable that is largely under human control. Plans for the development of a comprehensive monitoring, prediction, and mitigation strategy across the freshwater-to-marine continuum have been documented; effectively following through on these plans provides a roadmap toward identifying the drivers and threats—and reducing the potential consequences now and in the future. While HABs alone are not a sufficient motivator for potentially costly and extensive mitigation efforts, there is strong evidence that decreasing nutrient loads, maintaining hydrological connectivity while minimizing stagnant regions, and managing the biota to maintain biodiversity of the Bay–Delta system will result in multiple co-benefits, including reduction of the HAB threat potential.
Johannes Hunyadi und Matthias Corvinus in Filelfos Episteln: Laus Hungariae und Türkenkrieg
Authors: Costanza Salvatore
Published: February 2023

Franciscus Filelfus (Tolentino 1398 – Florenz 1481) is the author of the largest Humanistic correspondence in Latin and Greek. He is also a relevant source for the intellectual and political history of his times. In the 1420s, he gained a full knowledge of Greek in Constantinople, where he was integrated into Byzantine élite. In particular, the joint emperor John VIII Palaiologos appointed him as his personal secretary. On behalf of John, Filelfo attended in 1423 the international congress in Buda, where he met personally with the Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund and other European leaders. In his Letters to Roman popes, kings and princes, the Italian humanist proposed himself as alter Nestor, the best man to give his advice on the war against the Turks in Central and South-Eastern Europe. He is particularly interested in Hungarian history. At this respect, he mentions the most important events relating to Hungarian resistance against the Ottoman empire such as the defence of Belgrade (Nándorfehérvár) in 1456. Therefore, he praises the exploits and military successes against the Turks pursued by the regent John Hunyadi and his son, King Matthias Corvinus who is remarkably worthy of admiration. Both are praised as defensores Christianitatis. Therefore, Filelfo assigns to Hungary and Hungarian people the leading role in the crusade against the Ottomans.
Un gesuita tedesco contro la tortura agli inizi del Seicento Friedrich Spee von Langenfeld
Authors: Monticone Alberto
Published: February 2023

Witch hunts were common in many European countries in the modern period. The period of the greatest persecution on the German area was between the second half of the 16th and the first half of the 17th century. Friedrich Spee von Langenfeld was one of the most determined opponents of witchcraft trials. This German Jesuit, professor, and poet was a staunch opponent of the trials involving torture. As a confessor to the women sent to the stake during executions, he wrote Cautio Criminalis – a work depicting not only the cruelty of the trials but also condemning all those responsible for the judgments and sentences handed down.
Strategi Dakwah Kiai Akhid Ismani Dalam Meningkatkan Religiusitas Masyarakat Tlogoharum Pati
Authors: Niswah Uswatus , Nurbini  , Zainuri Ahmad
Published: February 2023

The strategy of Da'wah Kiai Akhid Ismani in an effort to increase the religiosity of the Tlogoharum Pati community is carried out by fostering a person's sense of religion so that they can carry out their social role with commendable morals, distinguish between good and bad, and make it a source of guidance in living. The results showed that the proselytizing strategy used by Kiai Akhid Ismani in an effort to increase community religiosity was carried out through the field of communication which was applied in routine recitation activities once a week and also through the field of art in the form of tambourine. The data mining technique is carried out by means of observation, interviews, and documentation. Meanwhile, data analysis techniques with the Miles and Huberman model, namely through the stages of data reduction, data exposure or display, data verification and drawing conclusions.
A indissociabilidade entre racismo e superexploração da força de trabalho no capitalismo dependente
Authors: Souza Cristiane Luiza Sabino de
Published: February 2023

Resumo: O artigo aponta a relação indissociável entre o racismo e a superexploração da força de trabalho no capitalismo dependente. Evidencia como a hierarquização racial cria base ideológica de dominação necessária à dinâmica da economia dependente e à superexploração. A metodologia consistiu em uma pesquisa bibliográfica, com a revisão de literaturas assentadas na crítica marxista da economia política e no entendimento da divisão social, sexual e racial do trabalho como chave analítica fundamental.
Molecular diversity of Sarcocystis spp. in opossums (Didelphis spp.) from Southeastern and Midwestern Brazil
Authors: De Santi Mariele , André Marcos Rogério , Werther Karin , Gonçalves Luiz Ricardo , Soares Rodrigo Martins , Herrera Heitor Miraglia , Santos Filipe Martins , Sano Nayara Yoshie , Assis William Oliveira de , Rucco Andreza Castro , Machado Rosangela Zacarias
Published: February 2023

Abstract South American opossums (Didelphis spp.) are definitive hosts of Sarcocystis neurona, Sarcocystis speeri, Sarcocystis lindsayi and Sarcocystis falcatula. In Brazil, diverse studies have demonstrated a high frequency of Sarcocystis falcatula-like in sporocysts derived from opossums, and high genetic diversity has been observed in surface antigen-encoding genes (SAGs). In this study, genetic diversity of Sarcocystis spp. derived from Didelphis albiventris and Didelphis aurita from the cities of Campo Grande and São Paulo, was accessed by sequencing SAG2, SAG3, SAG4, the first internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1). Molecular identification was performed for 16 DNA samples obtained from sporocyst or culture-derived merozoites. The ITS-1, cox1, and SAG3 fragments were cloned, whereas SAG2 and SAG4 were sequenced directly from PCR products. Four alleles variants were found for SAG2, 13 for SAG3 and seven for SAG4, from which four, 13 and four, respectively, were novel. Twenty-seven allele variants were found for ITS-1, all phylogenetically related to S. falcatula-like previously described in Brazil. Sarcocystis sp. phylogenetically related to Sarcocystis rileyi was evidenced by cox1 in three opossums. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of Didelphis spp. as definitive hosts of Sarcocystis spp. other than that previous described.
Utilization and Outcomes of Clinically Indicated Invasive Cardiac Care in Veterans with Acute Coronary Syndrome and Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Weisbord Steven D. , Mor Maria K. , Hochheiser Harry , Kim Nadejda , Ho P. Michael , Bhatt Deepak L. , Fine Michael J. , Palevsky Paul M.
Published: February 2023

Significance Statement

Of studies reporting an association of CKD with lower use of invasive cardiac care to treat acute coronary syndrome (ACS), just one accounted for the appropriateness of such care. However, its findings in patients hospitalized nearly 30 years ago may not apply to current practice. In a more recent cohort of 64,695 veterans hospitalized with ACS, CKD was associated with a 32% lower likelihood of receiving invasive care determined to be clinically indicated. Among patients with CKD, not receiving such care was associated with a 1.39-fold higher risk of 6-month mortality. Efforts to elucidate the reasons for this disparity in invasive care in patients with ACS and CKD and implement tailored interventions to enhance its use in this population may offer the potential to improve clinical outcomes.

Background

Previous studies have shown that patients with CKD are less likely than those without CKD to receive invasive care to treat acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, few studies have accounted for whether such care was clinically indicated or assessed whether nonuse of such care was associated with adverse health outcomes.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of US veterans who were hospitalized at Veterans Affairs Medical Centers from January 2013 through December 2017 and received a discharge diagnosis of ACS. We used multivariable logistic regression to investigate the association of CKD with use of invasive care (coronary angiography, with or without revascularization; coronary artery bypass graft surgery; or both) deemed clinically indicated based on Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events 2.0 risk scores that denoted a 6-month predicted all-cause mortality ≥5%. Using propensity scoring and inverse probability weighting, we examined the association of nonuse of clinically indicated invasive care with 6-month all-cause mortality.

Results

Among 34,430 patients with a clinical indication for invasive care, the 18,780 patients with CKD were less likely than the 15,650 without CKD to receive such care (adjusted odds ratio, 0.68; 95% confidence interval, 0.65 to 0.72). Among patients with CKD, nonuse of invasive care was associated with higher risk of 6-month all-cause mortality (absolute risk, 21.5% versus 15.5%; absolute risk difference 6.0%; adjusted risk ratio, 1.39; 95% confidence interval, 1.29 to 1.49). Findings were consistent across multiple sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions

In contemporary practice, veterans with CKD who experience ACS are less likely than those without CKD to receive clinically indicated invasive cardiac care. Nonuse of such care is associated with increased mortality.
Modals, negation and movement: a reassessment
Authors: Jeretič Paloma , Thoms Gary
Published: February 2023

This article addresses the question of how root necessity modals are able to take scope over negative operators. Previous work has argued that wide scope readings are derived by syntactic movement of the modal over negation. We argue against this view. Reviewing facts from a number of different languages, we show that the availability of wide scope readings is not conditioned by the clause structure in which the modal is embedded, and we show that deriving the wide scope readings in the full range of configurations where they are found requires a number of complications for the movement rules involved. We discuss other issues for deriving the correct interpretations for modals in various negative constructions, and we outline an recent in-situ account of the modal facts (Jeretič 2021a) which avoids the complications that beset the syntactic account.
Assembly: Chronic recoverable Neuropixels in mice v2
Authors: A Aery Jones Emily
Published: February 2023

This protocol collection explains how to build a low-cost, lightweight system to implant 1 Neuropixels 1.0 probe or 2 Neuropixels 2.0 probes into mice, record during freely moving behavior, then recover the probes for future use. This protocol explains how to 3D print components, sharpen, solder, and test the probe, and prepare components for surgery. See full collection for more details.
Isolation and Amplification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from Nasopharyngeal Specimen v1
Authors: Twum Aboagye Frank
Published: February 2023

COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. Classical symptoms associated with the infection include fever, cough, chills, headache, and muscle aches amongst others. To effectively diagnose the infection and contain its spread, efficient diagnostic tools are required. The current gold standard for the confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection is RT-PCR, this protocol outlines procedures for the isolation and amplification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from Nasopharyngeal specimens using the Zymo Quick-RNA Viral Kit and Allplex 2019nCoV Assay Kit respectively.
The WTO and the Covid‐19 “Vaccine Apartheid”: Big Pharma and the Minefield of Patents
Authors: Paquin Stéphane , Plouffe-Malette Kristine
Published: February 2023

Unequal access to vaccines for the Covid-19 pandemic, also referred to as “vaccine apartheid,” has marginalized low-income countries again. In October 2020, India and South Africa proposed a temporary waiver from certain provisions of the TRIPS Agreement for the prevention of Covid-19 at the World Trade Organization (WTO). An agreement was later reached in Geneva on June 17, 2022. The objective of this article is to analyze the negotiation and agreement reached at the WTO. This article explores the difficulties of creating international public good in the field of public health within the milieu of powerful actors, namely big pharmaceutical companies with vested interests. The central argument of this article is that this agreement alone will not solve the vaccine access problem for low-income countries. It is too restrictive, does not cover trade secrets and know-how, production capacity, availability of raw materials, and even adds new limitations that did not exist before. The best option to promote the production of quality vaccines in low-income countries is to share technology and know-how on a voluntary basis through production agreements. One way to facilitate the cooperation of large pharmaceutical corporation is to make it easier for low-income countries to use compulsory licenses. Simplifying the use of this mechanism could help encourage pharmaceutical companies to enter into voluntary licensing agreements.
Exploring Student Engagement in Online Learning
Authors: Pratiwi Hafizah , Priyana Joko
Published: February 2023

This survey study aimed to capture the actual student engagement in online learning, including the intensity of engagement, the barriers that prevent the students from engaging, and the efforts to stay engaged during online learning. It determined the students’ and English teachers’ perspectives to identify the differences in engagement variables among them. There were 424 participants consisting of students and English teachers from 2 Senior High Schools, 1 Vocational High School, and 2 Junior High Schools in South Sumatera, Indonesia. The online questionnaire was distributed through Google Forms and divided into three parts. The questionnaire items were adopted from Online Student Engagement Scale (OSE) to measure the intensity of engagement and Microsystem Factors Influence Student Engagement Scale to investigate the students’ barriers and efforts in engaging in online learning. Further, all the garnered data were computed through SPSS 25.0, facilitating an easier data presentation. The results of this study unveil the moderate intensity of student engagement in online learning, low barriers, and high efforts to stay engaged during online learning from both students and English teachers' perspectives.  Addition-ally, these results are expected to be used as the basis of reflection and evaluation of the online learning program in Indonesia
The Impact of Peer-Group Communication and Social Media Use on Students' Characters
Authors: Aminullah Muhammad , Astawinetu Erwin Dyah , Saputra Nanda , Al Mahdi Al Mahdi
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate (1) the effect of peer group communication on students' morals and (2) the effect that social media use has on students' values. This study was carried out in the Pancur Batu District of North Sumatra Province's Deli Serdang Regency, Indonesia. Our population was 1,207 Muslim students at the state junior high school in the Pancur Batu District, Indonesia. In the end, we selected 300 students as our samples using the proportional stratified random sampling technique. For the research instrument, we employed a questionnaire that was developed to collect information regarding peer group communication and the use of social media among junior high school students in Pancur Batu, Deli Serdang, Indonesia. Path analysis was used to analyze and synthesize research data. The analysis results showed that (1) peer group communication directly affects students' morals, with a path coefficient of 0.179, and (2) the use of social media directly affects students' morals, with a path coefficient of 0.213
Regarding Animals: Kant's Account of Self-Deception and Its Relevance to Animal Welfare Advocacy
Authors: Zanchet Maria Eugenia
Published: February 2023

Nas últimas décadas, a desconstrução do paradigma antropocêntrico colocou questões como a exploração animal no centro dos debates éticos e meta-éticos modernos. Este tema tem sido o foco de atenção também no âmbito dos estudos Kantianos. À luz das diferenças fundamentais entre seres humanos e animais e da impossibilidade posta pela teoria de Kant de atribuir deveres diretos aos animais, tornar sua filosofia prática útil para a defesa do bem-estar animal parece uma tarefa impossível. A esta dificuldade soma-se a crítica de que uma teoria baseada em princípios universais e deveres individuais pode ser inadequada para lidar com o bem-estar animal sob considerações culturais e situacionais. Ao abordar estes desafios, pretendo mostrar que a filosofia prática de Kant fornece recursos valiosos para a defesa do bem-estar animal. Neste espírito, eu sustento que, embora limitado, o tratamento de Kant acerca do auto-engano é uma forma promissora de fazer a ponte entre o bem-estar animal e o ethos da sua teoria moral.
Effects of slanted bilateral lateral recession vs conventional bilateral lateral recession on convergence insufficiency intermittent exotropia: a prospective study
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China, Li Yuan-Jin , Yi Bei-Qian ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China, Zhao Yi-Jia ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China, Hu Die-Wen-Jie ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China, Ma Run-Ting ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China, Li Wen-Ping ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China, Ye Mei-Hong ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China, Zhou Lian-Hong ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
Published: February 2023

AIM: To observe the surgical effects of slanted bilateral lateral recession (S-BLR) versus conventional bilateral lateral recession (C-BLR) in convergence insufficiency intermittent exotropia (CI-IXT).
METHODS: Using a randomized, double-blind, prospective design, 22 patients with CI-IXT who were admitted to Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from July 2019 to December 2020 were included. Patients were randomly divided into either S-BLR or C-BLR group for their subsequent strabismus surgery. All patients were followed up for 12mo. Near deviation, distant deviation, and near-distance difference (NDD) were measured in all patients.
RESULTS: Twelve months after surgery, NDD improvement was 10 (8, 13) prismatic degrees (PD) in S-BLR group and 3 (1, 6) PD in C-BLR group (P=0.011). The near deviation of S-BLR group was 0 (-2, 2) PD, while that of C-BLR group was -4 (-6, -3) PD (P=0.005). Before and after surgery, the difference in the distant deviation between the two groups was not statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference in near stereopsis between the two groups (P=0.380) at 12mo. The success rate at 12mo after operation was 90.91% and 72.73% in the two groups (P=0.280).
CONCLUSION: CI-IXT patients treated with S-BLR have better surgical outcomes than those treated with C-BLR, which indicates S-BLR is a safe and effective operation pattern.
Prevalência de traumas em membros inferiores de pacientes atendidos pela fisioterapia no Hospital Regional de Ceilândia
Authors: Prada Marianna Barriviera , Alves José Airton Jorge , Martins Wagner Rodrigues , Faulin Evandro Francisco , Sousa Julliana Maria Pinheiro de , Batista Lilian Carolina Rodrigues da , Carvalho Raiane Camargos de , Oliveira Angélica Ramos de , Barbosa Bruno Rodrigo Miranda , Nunes Caroline Jonas Rezaghi Ricomini , Ciocca Caroline Peres Sumida , Lopes Mariana De Melo , Lima Poliana Amaral de , Valduga Renato , Leal Josevan Cerqueira , Matheus João Paulo Chieregato , Garcia Patrícia Azevedo , Macedo Osmair Gomes de
Published: February 2023

Objetivos: verificar o perfil epidemiológico e a prevalência dos traumatismos de membros inferiores de pacientes atendidos por fisioterapeutas em um hospital público do Distrito Federal, demonstrando essa prevalência quanto à região anatômica, o tipo e o mecanismo de lesão e realizar uma análise da função muscular dos membros inferiores de dados de uma avaliação inicial. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo transversal baseado na análise dos dados de fichas de avaliação realizadas durante o projeto Prevenção de Deformidades Ortopédicas em Pessoas com Deficiência Física do PET/Saúde Redes de Atenção à Saúde entre 2013 a 2015. Resultados: Foram analisadas no total 224 fichas, em que houve predomínio do sexo masculino (72,32%), idade média de 42,47±19,59 anos, etnia parda (43,30%), situação conjugal solteiro (40,63%), escolaridade de ensino fundamental completo (57,14%). A região anatômica mais acometida foi o fêmur (27,68%), a fratura (80,36%) foi o tipo de lesão mais prevalente, e o acidente de trânsito (43,75%) foi o mecanismo de lesão mais predominante. Quanto à função muscular avaliada inicialmente, no quadril e joelho houve prevalência de força muscular boa, no pé força muscular ruim e no hálux e artelhos função muscular regular.
Atividade Física, Percepção de Saúde e Sintomas Emocionais de Corredores de Rua durante a Pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: De Almeida Lima Anne Caroline , Ferreira Rogério Antony , Rosa de Oliveira Camila , De Freitas Camilo Bruno , Baranowski Pinto Gabriela , Cristina-Souza Gislaine , Vasconcelos da Costa Ana Cláudia , Pacheco Lopes Filho Brandel José
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: verificar a influência do distanciamento social, em decorrência da pandemia de COVID-19, sobre o estilo de vida e sintomas emocionais de praticantes de corrida de rua. Método: os 38 participantes foram avaliados por meio de coleta online, através de ficha de dados econômicos e sociodemográficos; questionário de Saúde e Atividade Física; teste DASS-21 versão curta. Resultados: os participantes, todos corredores de rua, eram fisicamente ativos antes e durante a pandemia, apesar de haver redução na variedade de atividades desenvolvidas após o início (p = 0,017), bem como redução significativa nas práticas de corrida (p = 0,016), corrida de esteira (p = 0,008) e musculação (p = 0,003). Encontrou-se associação entre o autorrelato do aumento do tempo sentado e maior presença de sintomas de estresse (χ² = 9,449; p = 0,009) e associação entre maiores relatos de sintomas de ansiedade e menores escores na percepção de saúde (χ² = 6,695; p = 0,035). Discussão: o distanciamento social devido à pandemia de COVID-19 gerou impacto no estilo de vida da amostra investigada, com aumento do tempo sentado e redução no número de atividades físicas praticadas, além de associações de alguns fatores investigados com sintomas emocionais.
Efeito de um programa de estimulação precoce remoto no desenvolvimento motor de crianças com paralisia cerebral
Authors: Hartel Sarah , Rigoni Denise De Barros , Gerzson Laís Rodrigues , De Almeida Carla Skilhan
Published: February 2023

Introdução: O desenvolvimento do cérebro acontece com a interação entre fatores genéticos, biológicos e ambientais. Lesões no encéfalo imaturo causam desordens permanentes no movimento e na postura. Crianças com essas alterações precisam ser encaminhadas para estimulação precoce (EP). Objetivo: avaliar o efeito de um programa remoto de EP no desenvolvimento motor de crianças com paralisia cerebral. Materiais e Métodos: Relato de caso com gêmeas classificadas pelo Sistema de Classificação da Função Motora Grossa (GMFCS) e avaliadas pela Medida da Função Motora Grossa (GMFM-88) no início e fim das atividades do grupo. Resultados: Na avaliação inicial, as gêmeas A e B - classificadas como nível V no GMFCS - pontuaram 11,7% (A) e 11,3% (B) no GMFM-88. Na avaliação final, essas pontuações aumentaram para 19% e 13,5% respectivamente. Conclusão: A pontuação média foi maior que a recomendada nas duas crianças. Programa remoto de EP influencia positivamente no desenvolvimento motor de crianças com PC.