bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Effect of Electronic Health Record Data Quality on Identifying Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (Preprint)
Authors: Sood Priyanka Dua , Liu Star , Lehmann Harold , Kharrazi Hadi
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Increasing and substantial reliance on Electronic health records (EHR) and data types (i.e., diagnosis (Dx), medication (Rx), laboratory (Lx)) demands assessment of its data quality (DQ) as a fundamental approach; especially since there is need to identify appropriate denominator population with chronic conditions, such as Type-2 Diabetes (T2D), using commonly available computable phenotype definitions (phenotype).

OBJECTIVE

To bridge this gap, our study aims to assess how issues of EHR DQ, and variations and robustness (or lack thereof) in phenotypes may have potential impact in identifying denominator population.

METHODS

Approximately 208k patients with T2D were included in our study using retrospective EHR data of Johns Hopkins Medical Institution (JHMI) during 2017-2019. Our assessment included 4 published phenotypes, and 1 definition from a panel of experts at Hopkins. We conducted descriptive analyses of demographics (i.e., age, sex, race, ethnicity), healthcare utilization (inpatient and emergency room visits), and average Charlson Comorbidity score of each phenotype. We then used different methods to induce/simulate DQ issues of completeness, accuracy and timeliness separately across each phenotype. For induced data incompleteness, our model randomly dropped Dx, Rx, and Lx codes independently at increments of 10%; for induced data inaccuracy, our model randomly replaced a Dx or Rx code with another code of the same data type and induced 2% incremental change from -10% to +10% in Lx result values; and lastly, for timeliness, data was modeled for induced incremental shift of date records by 30 days up to a year.

RESULTS

Less than a quarter (23%) of population overlapped across all phenotypes using EHR. The population identified by each phenotype varied across all combination of data types. Induced incompleteness identified fewer patients with each increment, for e.g., at 100% diagnostic incompleteness, Chronic Conditions Data Warehouse (CCW) phenotype identified zero patients as its phenotypic characteristics included only Dx codes. Induced inaccuracy and timeliness similarly demonstrated variations in performance of each phenotype and therefore, resulting in fewer patients being identified with each incremental change.

CONCLUSIONS

We utilized EHR data with Dx, Rx, and Lx data types from a large tertiary hospital system to understand the T2D phenotypic differences and performance. We learned how issues of DQ, using induced DQ methods, may impact identification of the denominator populations upon which clinical (e.g., clinical research and trials, population health evaluations) and financial/operational decisions are made. The novel results from our study may inform in shaping a common T2D computable phenotype definition that can be applicable to clinical informatics, managing chronic conditions, and additional healthcare industry-wide efforts.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable
Сюжетосложение песни «Җаңһр гидг нериг олсн бөлг» («Песнь о том, как было найдено имя Джангар») ойратского джангарчи Нарса
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Mandzhieva Bayrta B.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Preservation of Kalmyk and Oirat oral heritage is a primary task of contemporary folklore studies. Scholars affiliated to Kalmyk Scientific Center (RAS) have tackled a project for further research into the Jangar epic (‘The Xinjiang Oirat Version of the Jangar Epic: Taletelling Tradition, Plot Structure, and Motifs’), and in 2023 the former have recorded The Song of How the Name Jangar was Discovered from Oirat jangarchi Narsa, a native of Alashan League (Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China). Goals. The article attempts an insight into the plot structure of the mentioned epic Song, and introduces the latter into scientific circulation. Materials. The study focuses on the text of the Song recorded by the author and transcribed herein, with due account of related texts contained in the Xinjiang Oirat and Kalmyk versions of Jangar. Results. Our analysis of the Song’s plot structure shows the plot is interconnected with that of The Song of How Khan Uzeng Aldar Got Married once recited by the famous Hoboksar jangarchi Javin Juna, and describes some events that follow the invasion of the antagonist Khan Shara Mangas into the mentioned ruler’s lands. The plot of name giving plays an important role in the hero’s epic biography. Biographical cyclization arises from the listener’s interest in the protagonist’s life at large, and implies the most important stages of epic biography — birth, childhood, first feat, heroic deeds (up to heroic descendants who would grow to nobly defend Bumba) — be consistently developed. The miraculously born hero named Jangar matures to assert his heroic name with heroic deeds.
Устные нарративы калмыков о чудесном исцелении в полевых записях 2023 г.
Authors:   Gorodovikov Kalmyk State University (11, Pushkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Khabunova Evdokia E. , Dampilova Ludmila S. , Elbikova Balzira V. ,   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The article examines some 2023 narratives recorded in Kalmykia from informants who had recovered from various ailments with the aid of folk healers or who had witnessed such facts. The recorded accounts contain information about individuals with folk medical knowledge and skills, about diagnostic techniques and treatment methods, about medicines of plant, animal and mineral origin — the stories of miraculous healing being the leitmotif of those oral testimonies. Goals. The study investigates individual facts of traditional medicine preserved in the people’s memories in the form of tales, recollections, stories considered hereinafter as narratives. Methods. So, the word ‘narrative’ denote a text recorded at the time of its oral reproduction by the informant, a summary of past events in the time sequence and to the extent how it was preserved in the memory of each particular narrator. The recording procedures involved a number of practical methods instrumental in conducting informal interviews and observations to obtain new empirical material and answers to specific questions pertaining to the research topic. Results. Our efforts aimed at identifying the desired material revealed that various regions of Kalmykia are still represented by efficient individuals possessing certain traditional medicine knowledge and skills. The recorded oral narratives testify to real cases of ‘patients’ who had turned to folk healers with health disorders, describe a variety of employed treatment methods that did prove success. The paper suggests folk knowledge about ancient healing methods has not lost its significance to date, and can successfully coexist with contemporary academic medicine. The warnings and prohibitions presented in oral narratives are as important nowadays to preserve, develop, and transmit traditions relating to human health.
Архивные документы фонда И-3 «Совет калмыцкого управления. 1836–1848 гг.» Национального архива Республики Калмыкия как источник по изучению организации деятельности государственных учреждений в дореволюционной Калмыкии
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Mandzhikova Larisa B.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The article discusses the history of the creation and organization of the activities of the Council of Kalmyk Administration, which carried out the administrative management of the Kalmyk steppe of the Astrakhan province in the period from 1836 to 1848. The Kalmyk Administration Council was guided in its work by the “Regulations on the Administration of the Kalmyk People” dated November 24, 1834, which regulated the structure of the governing body and the procedure for organizing work with documents. Studying the composition and content of documents created during the activities of the Council and stored in the archival fund I-3 “Council of the Astrakhan Kalmyk Administration” of the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmyk will allow for analysis and determination of the directions of its activities. The purpose of the article is to study the archival documents of the I-3 Foundation “Council of Kalmyk Administration” and to identify their source potential for studying the organization of activities of the body for governing the Kalmyk people, especially in the management of office work and document flow in pre-revolutionary Kalmykia. The purpose of the article is to study the archival documents of the I-3 Foundation “Council of Kalmyk Administration” and to identify their source potential for studying the organization of activities of the body for governing the Kalmyk people, especially in the management of office work and document flow in pre-revolutionary Kalmykia. Results. The documents created during the activities of the Kalmyk Administration Council are unique written sources for the study of the life of the Kalmyk people in pre-revolutionary Russia. In addition, these studies will allow us to study the procedure for organizing work with documents in Kalmykia and identify their compliance with all-Russian regulatory requirements in the field of office work and document management.
Семантика терминов имущества в бурятском языке (на примере эд бараа)
Authors:   Banzarov Buryat State University (24а, Smolin St., 670000 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation), Bryukhanova Aryuna L. , Bardamova Ekaterina A.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The article is devoted to the establishment of differential semantic features of the Buryat term ed baraa, presented in the monuments of Old Mongolian writing of the 18th–19th centuries, reflecting the usual legal practice of the Buryats in relation to the totality of things owned by a person. The relevance of the study is due to the interest in the specifics of understanding property relations and the formation of property terms in the Buryat language of that time. Materials and methods. The research material was written sources from the collection “Customary Law of the Khorin Buryats. Monuments of Old Mongolian Writing”, which presents the legislative acts of the Khorin Buryats. The introduction briefly describes the extent to which the problem has been studied and defines the research methodology. Results. Analysis of the texts in which the term under study functions allowed the authors to establish that ed baraa is an invariant term for movable property. Ed baraa serves to designate the totality of household material objects and things in the possession of a person, excluding livestock, in addition, it participates in the implementation of the property rights of the owner in relation to material goods belonging to him. Based on the internal form of the word, ed baraa is a paired word, formed by adding two independent words with a coordinating connection, and having an abstract meaning. The abstractness and collective meaning of the term becomes possible as a result of summing up the meaning of the words and its components, where ed delegates the sign of a relatively large property quantity and represents a characteristic of the components in abstraction from specific signs. Baraa, as a nominee of the nuclear component, carries the attribute ‘small property, household items, belongings’. The internal form of the word contains a key feature of the plurality of goods, which is considered as property. This term implies the semantics that this property can be the subject of purchase and sale; there is an indication of the acquisition of property, since it was a product of labor produced for sale, in order to exchange for other products of labor or money.
Образная (изобразительная) лексика в якутском и бурятском эпосах: лексические параллели
Authors:   M. K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University (42, Kulakovski St., Yakutsk, Russian Federation), Zhirkova Eugenia E.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The article presents a comparative analysis of the figurative vocabulary of the Yakut and Buryat languages on the basis of epic texts. The figurative vocabulary in both languages is specific part of its lexicon which have a common roots. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the use of lexical parallels of the Yakut and Buryat figurative vocabulary in the texts of the Buryat uliger and Yakut olonkho. The relevance of the study is determined by the growing interest in linguistic folklore in the study of language based on the material of epic texts in order to identify the specifics of the language of the epic as a whole. For research a lexical and semantic analysis and comparative historical method were used. Materials. The texts of the Buryat uliger “Alamzhi Bergen” by E. Shalbykov and the Yakut olonkho “Kyys Debiliye” by N. P. Burnashev, “Mighty Er Sogotokh” by V. O. Karataev, “Khaan Dzhargystai” by unknown olonkhosut from Verkhoyansk were used as material for the study. The three olonkho texts are represented by three main regional epic traditions, which makes it possible to take into account almost all the local features of the olonkho text. Results. The study revealed 12 lexical parallels in the figurative vocabulary presented in the Yakut and Buryat epic texts. These lexical parallels were divided into three thematic groups by the way of description. Thus, first group is figurative words describing the figure, second is the group of words describing facial expressions and face, and the last one is the words describing the shape of objects. A comparative analysis of the revealed lexical parallels showed that they have a emotionally expressive character that allows expressing the narrator’s attitude to the described object, have the same semantic meaning, the same ways of word formation and the general principle of word formation.
Рец. на: Манджиева Б. Б.. Текстология и поэтика Малодербетовского цикла эпоса «Джангар» в контексте эпической традиции калмыков. Элиста: КалмНЦ РАН, 2022. 416 с.
Authors:   Gorodovikov Kalmyk State University (11, A. S. Pushkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Khabunovа Evdokia E.
Published: January 2024

Калмыцкий героический эпос «Джангар» включает большое количество эпических сказаний (песен, глав), относящихся к локальным версиям и репертуарам известных и неизвестных сказителей — джангарчи. К числу эпических циклов, эпические песни которых объединены единым прологом, взаимосвязанным сюжетом, композиционным единообразием, сходным составом персонажей и рядом других признаков, принято относить Малодербетовский цикл «Джангара», оригинальные главы которого были зафиксированы в 1862 г. К. Ф. Голстунским и впервые опубликованы в 1864 г. Структурно-содержательная целостность и локализация эпических повествований в одном регионе Калмыцкой степи — в Малодербетовском улусе позволяли исследователям калмыцкого «Джангара» рассматривать указанные три песни как органическое целое, что отображалось в его номинации «малодербетовский список 1864 г.». Актуальность монографического исследования Б. Б. Манджиевой «Малодербетовский цикл „Джангара‟: текстология и поэтика в контексте эпической традиции калмыков» заключается в том, что единство и целостность Малодербетовского цикла «Джангара» изучается с позиций текстологии, поскольку именно вербальное воплощение эпоса передает его неповторимое содержание, манифестирует стадиальные, национальные, локальные особенности эпической традиции, показывает поэтико-стилевую фактуру репертуарного нарратива того или иного сказителя.
Институты публичной власти в политиях маньчжуро-монгольского мира в 1900–1920 гг. (на примере Хулун-Буира)
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation), Tsybenov Bazar D. , Kuras Leonid V. , Tsyrempilova Victoria E.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The paper attempts an insight into how institutions of public government developed in Manchu-Mongolian polities throughout the 1900s–1920s — and focuses on the geopolitically and strategically important Chinese region of Hulunbuir. Goals. The article aims to explore the transformation of power structures in Hulunbuir, reveal some internal contradictions and the split in bureaucratic circles that occurred under the influence of various political forces between 1908 and 1920.To facilitate this, the work shall examine the structure of the Manchu Eight Banner system in the region, analyze the new policies of Qing authorities in Hulunbuir, trace changes in the public government structure across the region in 1912–1915, follow how (and why) Hulunbuir lost its autonomy in 1920. Conclusion. As is shown, the hierarchical structure of Hulunbuir’s administrative powers — despite the attempts to change it undertaken by various political forces — did still retain the traditional features of the Manchu Eight Banner system by 1920. At the level of regional authorities, the shaping of policies was largely influenced by internal contradictions between various ethnic groups of Hulunbuir. However, even when it came to join Outer Mongolia in 1912–1915, authorities of Hulunbuir used each and every possibility to maintain independence in external and internal affairs, finances. The dramatic changes of 1917–1919 in the situation — in and around Hulunbuir — triggered that the decision-making apparatus preferred to abolish Hulunbuir’s autonomy and turn it into a mere periphery of the Republic of China.
Россия, Монголия, Китай: исторические проекции межстранового взаимодействия
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation), Bazarov Boris V. , Badaraev Damdin D. , Tsyrenov Chingis Ts. , Nolev Evgenii V. , Gombozhapov Alexandr D. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The Russia-Mongolia-China Economic Corridor (RCM) is an important regional initiative aimed at expanding ties and developing economic cooperation in Northeast Asia. Insights into historical contexts of the corridor are essential for understanding its current dynamics and future prospects. Goals. The article attempts a comprehensive analysis of historical aspects related to the Russia-China-Mongolia Economic Corridor, with due account of historical projections, geopolitical factors, and historical trade routes that had shaped economic relations between the nations. The paper shall focus on the mentioned aspects to shed light on the long-standing historical ties that do facilitate the present-day emergence and development of the corridor. Materials and methods. The study employs a variety of sources, such as intergovernmental agreements, statistical digests, eyewitness accounts of the past, official reports, and speeches of top-ranking officials. The analytical tools that secure a systematic research approach include as follows: a retrospective analysis method, comparative historical and typological ones, that of systemic analysis. Results. Insights into actual statistical data yield an analytical description of the current situation in cross-border cargo flows (the Russia-Mongolia-China section), including some possibilities of transport infrastructure, and particularly those of the Ulaanbaatar Railway. Special attention is paid to challenges and risks arising from some projects of the economic corridor. Conclusions. The historical projections of trans-Eurasian trade routes — whether caravan tracks of the past or present-day infrastructure projects — attest to that communities of both the East and the West do need and show interest in such interaction. Russia and China’s imperial environments are characterized by specific dynamic and rhythmic patterns of trade and cultural communication that used to (and still do) shape somewhat unique geography of the routes. The famous Tea Road integrated a large number of cities in Russia and China. The opening of China, its industrialization and capitalization paved the way to its development and inclusion into global markets. These were followed by its transformation into a modern world power. Historical insights may yield better understandings of past successes and declines. One should also keep it in mind that the present historical legacy as such largely rests on the pillars of enormous political transformations witnessed by the twentieth century when the specific geopolitical agenda tied Mongolia to the Soviet Union with dozens (and hundreds) of strong links. Russia’s turn to the East and its strategic alliance with China are to give further impulses to trans-regional and trans-continental projects.
Социокультурная ситуация в селах Провиденского городского округа Чукотки глазами их жителей по полевым материалам 2021 г. Часть 2
Authors:   Shilo North-East Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute, Far Eastern Branch of the RAS (15, Energetikov St, 689000 Anadyr, Russian Federation), Kolomiets Oksana P. , Vukvukai Nadeghda I.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Due to remoteness, limited accessibility and ethnocultural uniqueness, Chukotka used to be — and still is — a particular region of Russia. In Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, the nationwide and specifically ‘northern’ political, economic, social and cultural processes are paralleled by vivid local specifics manifested in all life spheres. The work introduces accounts of the current sociocultural situation articulated by rural residents of Providensky Urban Okrug. Goals. The paper aims to deliver native inhabitants’ opinions on village life, including which realms of social agenda they tend to view as promising, their actual challenges, controversies, and threats. Materials and methods. The study focuses on field materials collected in the town of Provideniya, villages of Enmelen, Nunligran, Sireniki, Novoye Chaplino, and Yanrakynnot in 2021. Special attention is paid to publications characterizing the socioeconomic situation of Chukotka’s indigenous peoples. The problems identified in the article have been approached by a number of ethnographers, sociologists and anthropologists of different generations from a variety of angles. So, the latter serve a ‘starting point’ for understanding and analyzing the current sociocultural situation in Providensky Urban Okrug of (Chukotka Autonomous Okrug). Part One of the article reviewed publications, summarized results of expeditions to Providensky District, briefly described traditional occupations of rural dwellers, and characterized the sociocultural situation in the villages of Enmelen, Sireniki and Nunligran. Part Two deals with the sociocultural situation in the villages of Novoye Chaplino and Yanrakynnot. Conclusions. According to the Russian Census of 2020, the population of Providensky Urban Okrug is 3,707 people, of which 2,140 live in urban areas and 1,567 — in rural ones. About half of the residents are ethnic Chukchis (36.7%) and Eskimos (Siberian Yupiks; 19,1 %). The last ten years have witnessed a minor population growth only in two settlements — town of Provideniya and village of Novoye Chaplino. The main reasons of rural depopulation are low living standards, deterioration of housing facilities, underdevelopment of rural infrastructure, poor educational and medical services, under- and unemployment, low wages, isolation and limited leisure time opportunities. All the interviewed residents stress the importance of sea-hunting industry as a basis of present-day life in the villages. Elders still hope for further development of reindeer breeding and related sectors. The language situation is characterized by a virtually complete displacement of native languages in family and everyday communicative practices.
Прагмалингвистические аспекты кодовых переключений в башкирском языке (на материале устных дискурсов)
Authors:   Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the RAS (71, Oktyabrya Ave., 450054 Ufa, Russian Federation), Buskunbaeva Liliya A.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Bashkir-Russian code-switching is inextricably linked with the phenomenon of mass bilingualism in the Republic of Bashkortostan. One single phrase can sequentially contain lexemes of both Russian and Bashkir. Guest-language material represented by unassimilated lexemes with adequate equivalents in the host language can be further extended to word combinations and even introduction of morphemes. Goals. The study attempts an analysis of pragmatic functions inherent to code-switching in oral discourses. Materials and methods. The paper focuses on oral narratives recorded within the project granted by Russian Science Foundation (‘Code-Switching in Bashkir-Russian Bilingualism: Insights into Dialectal Discourses’). The to be analyzed patterns were selected via continuous sampling. The work employs the and statistical method, those of discourse and contextual analyses. Results. Bashkir-Russian code-switching is often triggered by unpreparedness and spontaneity of oral speech, lack of time to measure and structure one’s narrative. The analysis shows the key pragmatic functions of code-switching are topic-related and metalinguistic ones, those of introducing citations, offering jokes, saving speech efforts and filling lacunas. One particular code switch may actually combine a variety of such pragmatic functions.
О некоторых обрядах и обычаях могулов (по материалам «Тарих-и Рашиди» Мирзы Мухаммеда Хайдара Дуглата (Дулата))
Authors:   Central State Museum of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Samal-1/44, Almaty 050051, Republic of Kazakhstan), Atygayev Nurlan A. , Muktar Abilseit K. ,   Akhmet Yassawi University (48, Mametova St., 050004 Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan),   Saraishyq State Reserve Museum of History and Culture  (11, Myrzagali St., 060707 Sarayshyq, Republic of Kazakhstan)
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The article examines some rites and customs once practiced in the medieval ethnopolitical alliance of Moghuls. Goals. The study attempts an insight into Tarikh-i Rashidi by Mirza Muhammad Haidar Dughlat for data pertaining to customs and rituals of the medieval Moghuls. Materials and methods. The study focuses on medieval Eastern Muslim historical sources — primarily the well-known Persian-language Tarikh-i Rashidi — as well as related scholarly publications. So, those are messages from Tarikh-i Rashidi by Mirza Muhammad Haidar of the Moghul Dughlat that serve as key reference data. The work employs the descriptive, historical comparative and other generally accepted research methods. Results. Our insights into Tarikh-i Rashidi by Mirza Muhammad Haidar have yielded some discoveries of rites and customs once spread among the Moghul tribes. These are of significant interest, since they cast some light on interior life of the medieval Moghuls that has remained virtually unattended by researchers of the past. Some of the Moghul customs and rituals mentioned in Tarikh-i Rashidi had also been witnessed among other ethnopolitical alliances of the Middle Ages. And some of the customs have even survived to date. For example, the First Kumis Festival used to be celebrated by many Turko-Mongols, including Kazakhs. Furthermore, the Moghul custom of yangilik is comparable enough to the Kazakh custom of amengerlik. Other customs and rituals of Moghuls described in the historical work under consideration need additional investigations with the involvement of new materials from historical sources and ethnographic data on modern Turkic and Mongolic peoples.
Влияние изменения вектора государственно-конфессиональной политики СССР на положение религиозных общин в Туве в конце 1940-х – начале 1950-х гг.
Authors:   Altai State University (61, Lenin Ave., 656049 Barnaul, Russian Federation), Dashkovskiy Petr K. , Mongush Aylaana V. ,   Tuvan Institute for Humanities and Applied Socioeconomic Research (4, Kochetov St., 667000 Kyzyl, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The government’s turn toward relative liberalization of religious life and somewhat moderated positions on religious freedom witnessed since 1943 were replaced by a new trend in the late 1940s. The new vector implied an increased state control over activities of religious communities, and would introduce a variety of deterrent mechanisms aimed at reducing religiosity, limiting possibilities for official registration, increasing taxation of clergy, intensifying atheistic propaganda, etc. Goals. The article attempts an insight into the situation resulting from the Soviet religious policy of the late 1940s / early 1950s ― and faced by Tuva’s religious communities. Materials and methods. The study focuses on documents housed at the State Archive of Russia. The employed research methods include the retrospective, comparative historical, and chronological ones. Results. Since the late 1940s, religious communities of Tuva came under strict control and limitations. The paper reveals the actual Soviet post-war religious policy in Tuvan Autonomous Oblast was specifically characterized by that only Russian Orthodox Christians would enjoy somewhat relatively official status and activities, while other faiths and their groups remained as illegal regardless of the central government’s proclaimed agenda and changing sentiments. Local authorities and the Commissioner of the Soviet Council for Religious Cults in the region would turn to various excuses to avoid any legal registration of such communities. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, the intensified restrictive measures (heavy taxation) finally undermined the once intensive activities of Buddhists. Furthermore, Evangelical Baptist Christians failed to reopen their prayer house in Kyzyl, while Old Believers of Belokrinitskaya Hierarchy never resolved the issue of a prayer building in Medvedevka (Kaa-Khemsky District).
Население катакомбной культуры на территории Республики Калмыкия: опыт реконструкции демографической ситуации (по материалам археологических раскопок 1981–2008 гг.)
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St. 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Lidzhikova Tatiana V. , Bembeeva Lyubov A.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The publication finalizes the series of paleodemographic studies into materials from Catacomb burials discovered by archaeologists in grave mounds across the three territorial zones of Kalmykia — Sarpa Lowland, Yergeni Upland, and Caspian Depression. The current paper focuses on anthropological material from burials investigated in the Caspian Depression. Goals. The study shall introduce new anthropological material from the Middle Bronze Age once discovered in the territory of Kalmykia. Materials and methods. The work examines human bone remains from grave fields of the Caspian Depression stored at the Osteological Materials Repository of Kalmyk Scientific Center (RAS). Age and sex determination procedures have been conducted following a comprehensive anthropological program. Results. The diverse research efforts have yielded paleodemographic characteristics of the population that once inhabited the Caspian Depression, a comparative intra-group principal component analysis involving synchronous anthropological series in the territory of Kalmykia (multivariate statistics), and a discussion of summarized results of our insights into the demographic situation across Middle Bronze Age Kalmykia. The paper notes some similarities (and differences) between the identified paleodemographic indicators and those of neighboring regions (Republic of Dagestan and Rostov Oblast) on average age of death, high mortality of children, and predominance of male individuals, the two latter being typical for societies of that era. The Kalmykia-based materials are characterized by almost equal mean ages of death in the male and female groups, and a larger number of individuals aged fifty and more, with a small but evident predominance of female ones among the latter.
Confronting misinformation related to health and the environment: a systematic review
Authors: Oliveira Thaiane , Cardoso Nicolas de Oliveira , Machado Wagner de Lara , Aragon Gonçalves Reynaldo , Quinan Rodrigo , Zorgi Salvador Eduarda , Almeida Camila , Paes Aline
Published: January 2024

Confronting misinformation related to health and the environment comprises one of the major global concerns. Therefore, this systematic literature review, aims to identify the most used strategies to confront misinformation related to health, and the environment. The relevance of the interventions was assessed considering the frequency with which they are used and reported as effective. Five widely used databases were searched between 2010 and 2021 (Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, Science Direct, IEEE Xplore). A total of 14.285 records were initially retrieved. Then, after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 32 peer-reviewed papers were included and analyzed in depth through this review. The results indicate that interventions based on credible information (debunking) were the most used among the included studies, followed by exposure and correction (debunking), inoculation, information, and media literacy (prebunking), and deliberation prompts (nudging). Most {interventions had }an effect size between small and medium, but most effects are limited to a specific myth/belief. We also found that most studies are conducted in the U.S. Therefore, experimental replication with same and different beliefs as outcomes and interventions cross-cultural adaptation to other countries are recommended.
Functional activity of blood eosinophils in patients with Opisthorchis felineus invasion
Authors: Tsukanov V. V. , Veselova N. E. , Savchenko A. A. , Kolenchukova O. A. , Gvozdev I. I. , Vasyutin A. V. , Tonkikh J. L. , Kasparov E. V. , Borisov A. G. , Gorchilova E. G. , Olkhovskaia M. Yu. , Prokopieva N. O.
Published: January 2024

Aim. To study the functional activity of blood eosinophils in patients with Opisthorchis felineus (O. felineus) invasion.

Material and methods. A total of 328 patients with O. felineus invasion (120 men and 208 women, mean age 40.3 years) and 34 practically healthy patients (14 men and 20 women, mean age 41.1 years) aged 18 to 70 years were examined. The main method for diagnosing opisthorchiasis was the determination of eggs or bodies of adult parasites in the duodenal contents and/or feces, which was used in all 328 patients with opisthorchiasis. All patients underwent a complete blood count and biochemical blood test, esophagogastroduodenoscopy and ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs. The study of the functional activity of blood eosinophils was carried out in 42 patients with opisthorchiasis and 34 healthy individuals from the control group by chemiluminescent analysis with the measurement of the intensity of production of reactive oxygen species in spontaneous and zymosan-induced reactions in lucigenin- and luminol-dependent processes.

Results. The frequency of eosinophils in the complete blood count above 5% in the examined patients with opisthorchiasis was 19.5%. An increase in the content of eosinophils in the blood in patients with opisthorchiasis was associated with an increase in the frequency of complaints of pain in the right hypochondrium, pruritus, skin rashes, an increase in the proportion of leukopenia and neutropenia, an increase in the level of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in the blood, and an increase in the frequency of ultrasound signs of cholecystitis. At the same time, a pronounced increase in the functional activity of blood eosinophils, determined by the chemiluminescent method, was observed in patients with O. felineus invasion.

Conclusions. Patients with O. felineus invasion with an increase in the content of eosinophils in the blood due to the likelihood of an aggressive course of the pathology deserve the close attention of practitioners with the need for a thorough comprehensive examination of patients, including immunological methods.
Impact of Novel Coronavirus Infection on the Course and Prognosis of Cirrhosis
Authors: Ismailova A. G. , Maslennikov R. V. , Zharkova M. S. , Ivashkin V. T.
Published: January 2024

Аim: to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the course and prognosis of cirrhosis.

Materials and methods. This was a cohort study in patients with cirrhosis. We included patients with cirrhosis who underwent a medical examination at our center between September 2019 and March 2020. We determined which of these patients were infected with COVID-19, died of COVID-19, or died of cirrhosis complications within the follow-up period from April 2020 to September 2021. Thereafter, we conducted a second medical examination of these surviving patients with cirrhosis in September to December 2021.

Results. Among the 226 patients included in the study, 57 had COVID-19, among which 19 patients who died of the disease. Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) developed in 16 (28.1 %) patients with cirrhosis and COVID-19, 13 (81.3 %) of whom died. One of the COVID-19 survivors eventually died of liver decompensation. Twenty patients who did not have COVID-19 died of complications of cirrhosis (ACLF) during the follow-up period. The mortality rate in patients who were infected with COVID-19 was higher than that in patients who were not infected (35.1 % vs. 14.2 %; p = 0.001). COVID-19 was an independent risk factor for death in patients with cirrhosis. No liver-specific factors predisposing to COVID-19 infection were identified. A more impaired liver function in the pre-pandemic medical examination was a predisposing factor for death in patients who had COVID-19. Patients who died of COVID-19 had better liver function in the pre-pandemic medical examination than patients without COVID-19 who died of complications of cirrhosis during the follow-up period. The liver-related mortality rate and the incidence of liver decompensation or bleeding from esophageal varices during the follow-up period were not significantly different between patients who recovered from COVID-19 and patients with cirrhosis who did not have COVID-19. Among the analyzed survivors, no significant changes were found in the main indicators of liver function after the follow-up period between patients with and without COVID-19, except for the prothrombin index, which was higher in patients after COVID-19.

Conclusion. COVID-19 worsens the prognosis of patients with cirrhosis but does not substantially affect the course of cirrhosis after the recovery from this infection.
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Children: Modern Achievements in Diagnostics and Therapy
Authors: Khavkin A. I. , Nalyotov A. V. , Marchenko N. A.
Published: January 2024

Aim: to highlight current trends in the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases in children.

Key points. The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease among children has increased significantly over the past three decades. Moreover, these diseases are often characterized by a severe course. At the same time, strategies for diagnosing and treating these patients are being improved: doctors began using high-definition endoscopy and video capsule endoscopy, the determination of fecal calprotectin, biological therapy (infliximab, adalimumab, vedolizumab, and ustekinumab) and drug monitoring. Particular attention is paid to the role of dietary recommendations.

Conclusion. Currently, there has been significant progress in the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases in children.
Positioning Bank Managers for Entrepreneurship: The Importance of Personal and Job Attributes
Authors: Mohd Kamil Nurul Liyana
Published: January 2024

The entrepreneurial nature of a bank determines its survivability. Thus, bank managers’ entrepreneurial behaviour plays an important role. Research on the predictors of managers’ entrepreneurial behaviour, particularly in the Malaysian service industries, are essential, yet they are scarcely available. Results of a survey of 271 managers in this study indicate that self-esteem, proactive personality, and job autonomy had a positive relationship with entrepreneurial behaviour. Interestingly, in relative terms, job autonomy holds a larger effect compared to personal attributes, such as self-esteem, and a proactive personality. Overall, this study is useful for aiding policymakers and practitioners in their efforts to understand the concept of entrepreneurial behaviour, which relies on the potential of personal, and job attributes, of managers in the banking sector. Finally, the study provides practical implications for human capital and organizational behaviour.
Technology Acceptance Level Among Students Olebara Comfort Chinaza
Authors:   Department of Computer Science Faculty of Science Imo State University, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria., Olebara Comfort Chinaza
Published: January 2024

This paper is a part of various linked studies towards unravelling the reasons behind the poor performance of Nigeria in the SDG 4 index. With less than 10 years to the 2030 target for achieving a 17-goal developmental plan for United Nation member states, Nigeria is still at a loss as to actualizing the pivotal Sustainable Development Goal of quality education. Results from a voluntary assessment body, Voluntary National Review (VNR) as well as SDG index reports indicate that the Nigerian education sector has major challenges and not much has been achieved from the time of goal setting till date. The researcher, considered technology as a means for advancing the education quality through making learning more entertaining and engaging. The students were presented with questionnaire to determine their acceptance of visual learning. The result shows, that majority of the students accept visual learning tools, find it interactive and retain knowledge gained from visual learning aids more than traditional learning pattern. Keywords: SDG 4, Visual Learning, Quality Education, SDG Assessment, Rural Education, terrorism, Digital learning, Virtual Reality Journal Reference Format: Olebara, C.C. (2020): “Technology Acceptance Level Among Students”. Social Informatics, Business, Politics, L:aw & Technology Journal. Vol. 6 . No. 2, Pp 67-72. Article DOI No - dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/SIJ/V6N2P9 www.isteams/socialinformaticsjournal
Oscillatory behavior of semi-canonical third-order delay differental equations with a superlinear neutral term
Authors: Vidhyaa K.S. , Deepalakshmi R. , Graef John , Thandapani E.
Published: January 2024

A class of third-order semi-canonical differential equations with a
superlinear neutral term of the type (a(t)[(b(t)(x(t) + p(t)x?(?
(t))?)?]?)? + q(t)x?(?(t)) = 0 is considered. Some oscillation conditions
are presented which are new in form and complement those already reported in
the literature. Some examples illustrating the main results are provided.
Lille Ting er seg selv – en småbarnsbildebok i et transspråkrom
Authors: Karlsson Eivind
Published: January 2024

Formålet med studien er å avdekke hvordan bildeboken Lille Ting spiser ABC (Diep, 2011) kan fungere som bidragsyter til et transspråkingsrom for lesere med ulik bakgrunn og erfaring. Det innebærer å peke på ulike typer språk og språklignende innslag boken tilbyr og gjør tilgjengelig for leserne. Studiens tilnærming er nærlesning, en metode som tar utgangspunkt i den fristilte, autonome teksten og avdekker hvordan delene og helheten bygger opp og tilfører mening, men også hvordan kontekstuelle forhold spiller inn. Fremstillingen berører ordforrådet, de poetiske og musiske innslagene, sjangeren ABC-bok, det multimodale samspillet og de performative innslagene i boken. Det foreslås også didaktiske tilnærminger som kan fremme dette potensialet. Hovedfunnet i studien er at språk og språklignende innslag i den aktuelle boken forekommer på mange ulike måter og vil være tilgjengelige for mange ulike lesere med ulike bakgrunner. Derfor er det rimelig å si at denne boken er et godt utgangspunkt for å skape transspråklige rom i barnehagen. 
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
Lille Ting is herself. An early years picturebook in a translanguaging space
The aim of this study is to clarify how the early years picturebook Lille Ting spiser ABC [Little Ting eats ABC] (Diep, 2011) can function as a contributor to a translanguaging space for readers with different background and experience. This entails pointing out different kinds of language and language-like elements found in the book and made possible by the book. The study employs close reading, a method that starts with the free, autonomous text and discloses how the parts and the entirety build and add meaning, but also how contextual elements have effect. The study touches on the vocabulary, the poetic elements, the genre alphabet book, the multi modal cooperation and the performative features in the book. The study also suggests didactic approaches that can promote the potential for translanguaging. The main find is that language and language-like elements in the book exist in many different ways and are available for many different readers with different backgrounds. It is therefore reasonable to conclude that this book is a good starting point for creating translanguaging spaces in the kindergarten.
Transspråking i en samisk barnehageavdeling
Authors: Kleemann Carola
Published: January 2024

Kystområdene i Finnmark har en lang samisk historie, der fornorskningsprosessene har ført til språkskifte i mange familier og til norsk som dominerende språk. Vitalisering av sjøsamisk og flyttsamisk identitet og språk vises blant annet i samisk institusjonsbygging. Denne artikkelen handler om praksiser samiske barnehagelærere bruker for å styrke samisk språk og kultur i en vitaliseringskontekst. I forskningsprosjektet «Styrking av samisk språk og kultur» ble GoPro-teknologi brukt for å observere rutiner som samlingsstund og måltid. Utfordringer for de ansatte var å øke barnas bruk av nordsamisk, i tillegg til å utvikle og gjøre eksplisitt pedagogiske praksiser som er basert på samisk kultur og tradisjon for barneoppdragelse. Pedagogisk transspråking (García & Wei, 2014) beskriver de ansattes praksiser tospråklige praksis, som bærekraftig transspråking i minoritetsspråksituasjoner (Cenoz & Gorter, 2017), med særlig vekt på revitalisering og urfolks behov (Seals & Olsen-Reeder, 2020) og samisk pedagogikk (Päiviö et al., 2023). 
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
Translanguaging in a Sámi kindergarten departement
The coastal areas in Finnmark have a long Sámi history, where the Norwegianization processes have led to language change in many families and to Norwegian as the dominant language. Revitalization of Sea Sámi and Migrant Sámi identity and language is shown, among other things, in Sámi institution building. This article is about practices Sámi kindergarten teachers use to strengthen Sámi language and culture in a revitalization context. In the research project “Strengthening Sámi language and culture,” GoPro technology was used to observe routines such as gathering time and meals. Challenges for the staff were to increase the children’s use of North Sámi, in addition to developing and making explicit educational practices that are based on Sámi culture and tradition for child-rearing. Pedagogical translanguaging (García & Wei, 2014) describes the employees’ bilingual practices, such as sustainable translanguaging in minority language situations (Cenoz & Gorter, 2017), with particular emphasis on revitalization and the needs of Indigenous people (Seals & Olsen-Reeder, 2020) and Sámi pedagogy (Päiviö et al., 2023).