bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recovery of Cobalt from Cathode of Lithium-Ion Battery by Using Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvent
Authors: Li Xin , Li Yin , Qiao Qian , Wang Kun , Yu Honghao
Published: November 2023

A new ternary deep-eutectic solvents, consisting of Choline chloride, ethylene glycol and benzoic acid, were designed for efficient leaching valuable metals from lithium oxide of spent lithium-ion batteries. The influence of experiment parameters on the leaching of cobalt was systematically investigated and optimized by response surface methodology. The leaching kinetics were elucidated in detail. The leaching efficiency of cobalt reached almost 100 %, when the temperature is 170 ℃, the time of 3 h, and the molar ratio of the choline chloride: ethylene glycol: benzoic acid of 1:1.6:0.4. The kinetics Co leaching showed good agreement to the shrinking core model, in which the diffusion of solid product layers was the limiting step, and the apparent activation energy was about 77.22 kJ/mol. Infrared spectroscopy indicated that hydrogen donors provided multiple ligands to facilitate the solubilization of cobalt. The SEM analysis of the leachates showed that the edge of particles changed significantly, the particle size decreased, and the dissolution process appeared. The simultaneous realization of high efficiency, green process is expected to bring the DES into practical application for recovery of cathode from spent lithium-ion batteries.
Expression and relationship of ECT2 with cell cycle proteins CDK1 and CyclinB1 on the Paclitaxel intervention in three negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Wang Hongkun , Liu Xiaojun , Wan Huili , Shi Jiangbo , Zheng Huixia
Published: November 2023

Purpose To investigate the relationship of expression of ECT2 and cell cycle-related proteins CDK1 and CyclinB1 in triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBC) after ECT2 overexpression and interference and after paclitaxel (PTX) therapy,and hope to provide some theoretical basis for the treatment of TNBC Methods ECT2 overexpression and interfering plasmid were applied to cultured TNBC HCC1806 cells and nude mouse transplantation tumor assays were performed, while PTX was added in the group, and Westen-blot detected the expression of ECT2, CDK1, and CyclinB1 proteins.The relationship between the ECT2 and CDK1 and CyclinB1 genes was analyzed by TCGA database. Results In vitro experiments,The ECT2 overexpression group showed that ECT2 protein expression was higher than that of the control group before and after PTX treatment (P < 0.05), and CDK1 and Cyclin B1 was similarly higher than the control group (P < 0.05), but the three proteins after PTX treatment was lower than that before.The ECT2 interference group showed that the expression of ECT2 and CDK1 and Cyclin B1 was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05), especially after PTX treatment, the decrease of their expression was more significant. In vivo experiments,the expression of ECT2 was significantly higher in the overexpression group and the overexpression group with the addition of PTX than control group (P < 0.05), and significantly lower in the PTX group, the interference group and the interference group with the addition of PTX than control group (P < 0.05),and CyclinB1 protein expression was statistically different in the ECT2 overexpression group and interference group with the addition of PTX compared with the PTX control group (P < 0.05).The results of the TCGA database analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the ECT2 and CDK1 and CyclinB1 genes. Conclusion ECT2 promotes TNBC cell progression by acting in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, and it may form a positive feedback loop with Cyclin B1 to promote the progression of the cell cycle and accomplish cell proliferation under the regulation of CDK1. The overexpression of ECT2 may cause TNBC resistance to PTX,and combination of anti-ECT2-targeted drugs and PTX may offer help in TNBC treatment.
Unveiling Trichosporon austroamericanum sp. nov.: a novel emerging opportunistic basidiomycetous yeast species
Authors: Francisco Elaine C. , Desnos-Ollivier Marie , Dieleman Chendo , Boekhout Teun , Santos Daniel Wagner de C.L. , Medina-Pestana José O. , Colombo Arnaldo L. , Hagen Ferry
Published: November 2023

During an epidemiological survey a potential novel species within the basidiomycetous yeast genus Trichosporon was observed. The clinical strain was obtained from an urine sample taken from a Brazilian kidney transplant recipient. The strain was molecularly identified using the intergenic spacer (IGS1) ribosomal DNA locus and a subsequent phylogenetic analysis showed that multiple strains that were previously reported by other studies shared an identical IGS1-genotype most closely related to that of Trichosporon inkin. However, none of these studies provided an in-depth characterization of the involved strains to describe it as a new taxon. Here, we present the novel clinically relevant yeast for which we propose the name Trichosporon austroamericanum sp. nov. (holotype CBS H-24937). T. austroamericanum can be distinguished from other siblings in the genus Trichosporon using morphological, physiological, and phylogenetic characters.
Is myocardial bridge-related stenosis definitely a risk factor for altered coronary blood flow in patients with myocardial bridge?
Authors: Song Yingchun , Qiao Yu , Wang Shi , Yi Wanwan , Liu Si , Zhang Xiaoying , Sun Ming , Shen Jianying , Zhang Han , Ma Chao , Yu Fei , Lv Zhongwei , Cai Haidong
Published: November 2023

Objective
To explore the potential role MBRS may play in the hemodynamics of coronary arteries and the impact of non-MBRS on hemodynamic alterations in MB patients.
Methods
A total of 86 patients with MBs (located in the middle of LAD) and 50 non-MB controls were retrospectively enrolled according to coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA), coronary angiography (CA) and dynamic single-photon emission computed tomography (D-SPECT). Stenosis characteristics (incidence, location and degree of stenosis) and hemodynamics (absolute CBF, relative CBF and CFR) were compared between groups with and without MBRS (or non-MBRS).
Results
Regardless of whether it was complicated by non-MBRS, there was no difference in the incidence and location of MBRS, but it varied in the severity of stenosis. Compared to cases without MBRS, cases with MBRS had increased relative CBF in the proximal and middle segments of the LAD, and the relative CBF of the left circumflex artery (LCX) was increased at rest (both P<0.05). In addition, absolute CBF in LAD was reduced in MB with non-MBRS compared to those without non-MBRS.
Conclusion
MBRS can partially correct the CBF redistribution induced by the “milking effect” and increase the CBF in the LCX. Therefore, it is a possible protective factor to some extent. In addition, concomitant non-MRBS decreased the CBF of theLAD and aggravated the severity of MBRS but did not change the incidence or location of MBRS.
NISONet: Detecting fake news on social media with a nature-inspired memory efficient and space optimized deep learning approach
Authors: Kaliyar Rohit Kumar , Goswami Anurag , Narang Pratik
Published: November 2023

Numerous enhancements have been made to the mobile internet, which has led to an increase in people?s attention to posting more multi-modal posts among social media platforms. Detecting fake news continues to be a serious concern in today's social culture. Machine learning and deep learning algorithms have shown significant results in predicting and identifying fake news. In recent studies, existing deep learning 1-D CNN models have proved very effective for text classification problems. Due to a large number of floating-point operations, a large number of layers with many hidden units necessitates an enormous amount of memory space and a high response time. Today, the number of edge devices is growing exponentially, making it difficult to deploy CNN models that have been pre-trained directly on these devices. This paper addresses the compression issue by proposing a particle swarm-based optimization technique to retain the best-hidden units without compromising the classification model's accuracy. In this paper, we have chosen Top-1 accuracy and compression ratio as the dual objective fitness functions, so that accuracy should not degrade excessively after compression. The results of these experiments are examined using the proposed methodologies. The analysis of the results reveals positive performance with the use of the proposed deep neural network.
Causal Relationships between Immune Cells and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Tan Xin , Chen Shirong
Published: November 2023

Background
When it comes to the beginning, course, diagnosis, and management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), immune cells (ICs) are crucial. However, because of the intricate relationships that exist between RA and the immune system, it is difficult to determine how a particular class or type of immune cell affects RA, and research on this topic is seldom able to rule out the possibility that RA will interfere with the reversal action of ICs.
Methods
To investigate and screen out the impacts on RA from 731 ICs, we mostly used MR analysis using IVW (inverse variance weighted), Weighted median, and MR-Egger regression methods. Then, the inverse effect of RA on ICs was explored by reversed MR. Finally, MR-Egger intercept, Cochran's Q test, and “Leave-one-out” are conducted to measure the degrees of of pleiotropy and heterogeneity.
Results
9 immune phenotypes were found significantly linked to RA risk: IgD- CD27- B cell %B cell (OR = 1.17 95%CI = 1.06–1.29), dendritic cell absolute count (OR = 1.07 95%CI = 1.02–1.13), CD86 + myeloid dendritic cell absolute count (OR = 1.06 95%CI = 1.02–1.11), CD25 on memory B cell (OR = 1.08 95%CI = 1.02–1.13), CD27 on memory B cell(OR = 0.91 95%CI = 0.85–0.98), CD3 on effector memory CD4 + T cell (OR = 0.97 95%CI = 0.94-1.00), CD25 on CD4 + T cell (OR = 0.93 95%CI = 0.87–0.98), CD45 on CD33br HLA DR + CD14dim(OR = 1.04 95%CI = 1.01–1.06), CD11b on CD33br HLA DR + CD14dim(OR = 0.95 95%CI = 0.91–0.99). While only RA on CD25 on memory B cell (OR = 0.95 95%CI = 0.90-1.00) and CD45 on CD33br HLA DR + CD14dim (OR = 0.92 95%CI = 0.87–0.98) were found in reverse MR. Besides, the results of MR-Egger intercept suggest that there exists no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy.
Conclusion
Our study identified an association between specific immune cells and RA, and this association could guide the future diagnosis and treatment of RA.
Anlotinib plus Tislelizumab for Recurrent Metastatic Pancreas Ductal Adenocarcinoma with Germline BRCA2 Mutation: A Case and Literature Review
Authors: Peng Sujuan , Huang Hongxiang , Zhu Xie , Chen Jinhong , Ding Xinjing , Wang Fen , Chen Li , Lu Zhihui
Published: November 2023

Purpose
While combined immunotherapy and anti-angiogenic therapy have demonstrated efficacy in renal cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma, the efficacy of first-line treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with germline BRCA2 mutation remains unproven.
Methods
We described a BRCA2-mutated PDAC patient who presented with posterior cardiac metastasis eight months after surgery. We performed anlotinib plus tislelizumab on him for systemic therapy.
Results
After receiving four cycles of anlotinib combined with tislelizumab, abdominal CT scans indicated a complete response. The patient sustained this response for over 13 months on the combination regimen, with no reported adverse events.
Conclusions
The combination of tislelizumab and anlotinib may offer a viable therapeutic option for recurrent metastatic BRCA2-mutated PDAC.
Effect of Learners’ Cultural Intelligence on Listening Anxiety: Toward Testing a Model with the mediating role of Language Learning Motivation
Authors: Manoochehrzadeh Mehdi , Barjesteh Hamed , Sadeghi Jamal
Published: November 2023

Listening comprehension anxiety (LCA) has received considerable research over the past few decades, but conceptual models to pinpoint the sources of LCA have not been adequately explored. The present study set out to probe the structural model hypothesizing the predictive role of cultural intelligence (CQ) and language learning motivation (LLM) in affecting LCA. To this end, 250 English as a foreign language) EFL) learners completed the three self-report scales measuring the variables under investigation. As for the data analysis, Pearson product moment correlations and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to examine the interplay among the variables, and to test the fit of the model. The correlation analysis indicated that there was a statistically significant: (a) negative relationship between CQ and LCA, and (b) reverse correlation between LLM and LCA. Moreover, the SEM analysis revealed that CQ and LLM accounted for .39% of the variance in LCA. Specifically, CQ abated to − .33% of the variance while LLM decreased to − .29% of the variance in LCA. Additionally, it was established that while both predictors had a significant effect, LLM appeared to be a robust predictor of LCA reduction. This implies that students who had a higher level of LLM were less likely to experience LCA. Therefore, materials developers, curriculum planners, and language teachers, in particular, are advised to train learners to foster CQ and LLM, as both are known to reduce LCA. Detailed discussion of the results and implications of the study are provided in the paper.
Clinical simulation in the regulation of software as a medical device (SaMD): an eDelphi study
Authors: Ghafur Saira , Driscoll Fiona O , O'Brien Niki , Guo Chaohui , Prime Matthew , Darzi Ara
Published: November 2023

Accelerated digitalization in the health sector requires the development of appropriate evaluation methods to ensure digital health technologies (DHTs) are safe and effective. Clinical simulation can be used by researchers to test DHTs in an agile and low-cost way, yet there is limited research on criteria to assess the robustness of simulations and subsequently, their relevance for a regulatory decision. The aim of this study was to gain consensus the research question “What criteria should be used to assess clinical simulation being used to generate evidence for software as a medical device (SaMD)?” 39 international experts in the digital health field, including academics, regulators, policy makers, and industry representatives, participated in a three-round eDelphi exercise. Options were generated through the scoping questionnaire around key themes identified from the literature to obtain a comprehensive list of criteria and voted upon in two subsequent questionnaire rounds. Consensus was defined by two criteria: if <10% of the panelists deemed the criteria as ‘not important’ or ‘not important at all’ and >60% ‘important’ or ‘very important’. 43 criteria gained consensus from the panelists across seven domains and the Simulation for Regulation of SaMD (SIROS) framework was developed. We highlight key areas of concern identified by panelists, specifically on the importance of fidelity of simulation and its reporting, and the challenge of bias. Future research should prioritise the development of safe and effective SaMD, while implementing the criteria generated for regulating DHT based on clinical simulation evidence can enable faster uptake of technologies.
Non-invasive monitoring and classification of coronary heart disease by metabolomics and lipidomics
Authors: Wang Zhicai , Cang Yan , Li Yan , Zhang Yi , Hu Junyuan , Xu Yawei , Liu Li , Liu Zheng
Published: November 2023

Background
Coronary heart disease (CHD) stands as a prominent contributor to global mortality. CHD as a chronic disease usually develops over decades, and the resulting symptoms may go unnoticed until a severe blockage causes stroke or heart attack. Early screening enables timely detection of potential risk factors and signs of disease, facilitating preventive measures and lifestyle modifications.
Methods
154 suspected CHD subjects were prospectively enrolled and divided into four groups according to the results of coronary angiography. The plasma metabolites and lipids were detected by three MS-based platforms. OPLSDA was performed to discriminate the metabolic profiles between different groups. The differential metabolites were screened by statistical analysis (p < 0.05) and OPLSDA (VIP > 1.5). The associations of metabolites with stenosis and clinical markers were visualized by the Spearman’s rank correlation.
Results
CHD exhibited a distinct metabolic pattern, mainly involving organic acids, organoheterocyclic compounds and lipids. The perturbated metabolites possess the diagnostic potential and exhibited correlations with CHD clinical markers. Therein, specific triglyceride (TAG) species and N-epsilon,N-epsilon,N-epsilon-trimethyllysine were associated with CHD progression. We also found that TAG species have the potential to be metabolic risk factors for co-occurring CHD and diabetes. Furthermore, cluster of metabolites, primarily composed of amino acids and lipids, were significantly associated with the progression of coronary artery stenosis.
Conclusions
Blood metabolites and lipids are promising as innovative tools for accurate diagnosis, progression monitoring, deciphering and management of cardiovascular diseases.
Relationship Between Prediabetes and Coronary Artery Calcium Score
Authors: Barcia José Antonio Parada , Pérez Manuel Barreiro , López Pablo Pazos , Chia Tatiana Matajira , Iglesias Francisco Eugenio Calvo , Roubin Sergio Raposeiras , Abu-Assi Emad , Fernández-Obanza Emiliano , Pérez Álvaro Rodríguez , Ferraz Lisa Maria Costa Ribeiro , Romo Andrés Iñiguez
Published: November 2023

Introduction:
Prediabetes (pDM) is an extremely prevalent clinical entity which appears to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) score has been shown to be a reliable risk predictor of CV disease too. The link between pDM and coronary CT (computed tomography) findings has not been explored yet.
The present study aimed to investigate the association between CAC and pDM.
Methods:
The study cohort included 259 patients who underwent a coronary CT between July 2021 and July 2022 in our center.
Prediabetes status was defined following the American Diabetes Association guidelines as HbA1c 5.7% to 6.4%. Significant CAC score was defined in ≥100 UA, as it is considered the common treatment threshold to iniate/consider statin.
Results:
73 patients (28.2%) were classified as pDM. Compared with those with euglycemia, patients with pDM were older (59.91±12.44; 64.42±9.72 years, respectively). Hypertension (including systolic and diastolic blood pressure), dyslipidemia and smoking did not differ between both groups.
After multivariate analysis, pDM was associated with significant CAC score (OR 2.08, CI 95% 1.02-4.28; p= 0.048).
Conclusions:
In our study, we found that prediabetes is associated with CAC score ≥100 UA. This association supports available evidence that pDM confers higher CV risk.
Integration of an Ultrasonic Sensor within a Robotic End Effector for application within Railway Track Flaw Detection
Authors: Cilia L. , Griffiths Christian Andrew , Rees A. , Thompson J.
Published: November 2023

The rail industry is constantly facing challenges related to safety with regards to the detection of surface cracks and internal defects within rail tracks. Significant focus has been placed on developing sensor technologies that would facilitate the detection of flaws that compromise rail safety. In parallel, robot automation has demonstrated significant advancements in the integration of sensor technologies within end effectors. This study investigates the novel integration of an ultrasonic sensor within a robotic platform specifically for the application of surface crack and internal defects within rail tracks. The performance of the robotic sensor system has been assessed on a rail track specimen containing sacrificial surface cracks and internal defects and then compared against a manual detection system. The investigation concludes that the robotic sensor system successfully identified internal defects in the web region of the rail track when utilising a 60° and 70° wedged probe, with a frequency range between 4 MHz and 5 MHz. However, the surface crack investigation proved that the transducer was insensitive to the detection of cracks, possibly due to the inadequate angle of the wedged probe. The overall outcome of the study highlights the potential that robotic sensor systems have in the detection of internal defects and characterises the limitation of surface crack identification to assist in enhancing rail safety.
Phenotypic diversity of key adaptive traits in advanced Nordic and Baltic spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L) breeding material
Authors: Ingver Anne , Gorash Andrii , Ivandi Elena , Strazdina Vija , Aleliunas Andrius , Kaart Tanel , Fetere Valentina , Meigas Egon , Jansone Zaiga , Shafiee Sahameh , Mroz Tomasz , Bleidere Mara , Merilo Ebe , Lillemo Morten , Kollist Hannes , Brazauskas Gintaras , Tamm Ilmar
Published: November 2023

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has become the most widely grown cereal crop in the Nordic-Baltic region, however, due to climate change its yields are under increasing risk. Here we present results of international effort harnessing available wheat germplasm in the region for identification of tools and genotypes for breeding wheat varieties with improved yield stability. We formed a panel comprising 300 spring wheat genotypes from Nordic-Baltic region and studied their phenotypic diversity across different environments to identify genotypes with high potential for adaptation to changing climate. Field experiments were carried out in 2021 and 2022 in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Norway. The performance and stability of yield (GY), protein content (PC), thousand kernel weight (TKW), test weight (TW), length of growing period (GP), and nine other traits – were studied. Drought and excessive rainfall occurred in the Baltic countries in 2021–2022, whereas weather was more stable in Norway. High variability for most, and significant GxE effect for all the studied traits was identified. We found out genotypes combining yield and quality with stability using the AMMI model-based Weighted Average of Absolute Scores index (WAASB). Finally, we selected nineteen superior genotypes that combined high yield with high values of important quality traits. Thus, combining broad Nordic-Baltic wheat germplasm with extensive field phenotyping, we identified promising breeding material to develop climate ready spring wheat varieties for the region.
Full endoscopic laminotomy decompression versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for the treatment of single-segment cervical spinal stenosis: A retrospective, propensity score-matched study
Authors: Li Tusheng , Huang Jie , Zhang Hanshuo , Lu Zhengcao , Liu Jiang , Ding Yu
Published: November 2023

Objective
Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is the standard procedure for the treatment of cervical spinal stenosis (CSS), but complications such as adjacent segment degeneration can seriously affect the long-term efficacy. Currently, posterior endoscopic surgery has been increasingly used in the clinical treatment of CSS. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of single-segment CSS patients who underwent full endoscopic laminotomy decompression or ACDF.
Methods
138 CSS patients who met the inclusion criteria from June 2018 to August 2020 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into endoscopic and ACDF groups. The propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to adjust the imbalanced confounding variables between the groups. Then, perioperative data were recorded and clinical outcomes were compared, including functional scores and imaging data. Functional scores included Visual Analog Scale of Arms (A-VAS) and Neck pain (N-VAS), Japanese Orthopedic Association score (JOA), Neck Disability Index (NDI), and imaging data included Disc Height Index (DHI), Cervical range of motion (ROM), and Ratio of grey scale (RVG).
Results
After PSM, 84 patients were included in the study. The endoscopic group was significantly superior to the ACDF group in terms of operative time, intraoperative blood loss, incision length, and hospital stay (P < 0.001). Postoperative N-VAS, A-VAS, JOA, and NDI were significantly improved in both groups compared with the preoperative period (P < 0.001), and the endoscopic group showed better improvement at 7 days postoperatively (P < 0.05). The ROM changes of adjacent segments were significantly larger in the ACDF group at 12 months postoperatively and at the last follow-up (P < 0.05). The RVG of adjacent segments showed a decreasing trend, and the decrease was more marked in the ACDF group at last follow-up (P < 0.05). According to the modified MacNab criteria, the excellent and good rates in the endoscopic group and ACDF group were 90.48% and 88.10%, respectively, with no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
Full endoscopic laminotomy decompression was demonstrated to be an efficacious alternative technique to traditional ACDF for the treatment of single-segment CSS, with the advantages of less trauma, faster recovery, and less impact on cervical spine kinematics and adjacent segmental degeneration.
THUMPD3-AS1 inhibits ovarian cancer cell apoptosis through the miR-320d/ARF1 axis
Authors: Mu Qingling , Wang Xin , Huang Kui , Xia Baoguo , Bi Shuna , Kong Yujie
Published: November 2023

Background
Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies that has a poor prognosis. THUMPD3-AS1 is an oncogenic long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in several cancers. Nevertheless, the role of THUMPD3-AS1 in ovarian cancer and the underlying mechanism has yet to be elucidated.
Methods
Human normal ovarian epithelial cells (IOSE80) and ovarian cancer cell lines (CAVO3, A2780, SKOV3, OVCAR3 and HEY) were adopted for in vitro experiments. The functional roles of THUMPD3-AS1 in cell viability and apoptosis were determined using CCK-8, flow cytometry and TUNEL assays. Western blot and RT-qPCR were performed to assess the levels of ARF1, Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase 3, THUMPD3-AS1and miR-320d, respectively. The targeting relationship between miR-320d and THUMPD3-AS1 or ARF1 was validated with dual luciferase assay.
Results
THUMPD3-AS1 and ARF1 were highly expressed in ovarian cancer cells, whereas miR-320d level was lowly expressed. THUMPD3-AS1 knockdown was able to repress cell viability and accelerate apoptosis of OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cells. Also, THUMPD3-AS1 acted as a sponge for miR-320d, preventing the degradation of its target gene ARF1. MiR-320d downregulation reversed the tumor suppressive function induced by THUMPD3-AS1 depletion. Additionally, miR-320d overexpression inhibited ovarian cancer cell viability and accelerated apoptosis, which was overturned by overexpression of ARF1.
Conclusion
THUMPD3-AS1 inhibited ovarian cancer cell apoptosis by modulation of miR-320d/ARF1 axis. The discoveries might provide a prospective target for ovarian cancer treatment.
Preoperative MR - based model for predicting prognosis in patients with intracranial extraventricular ependymoma
Authors: Li Liyan , Wang Xueying , Tan Zeming , Mao Yipu , Huang Deyou , Yi Xiaoping , Jiang Muliang , Chen Bihong T.
Published: November 2023

Objectives:To develop and validate a machine learning model based on MR to predict disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) for patients with intracranial extraventricular ependymoma (IEE).
Methods:The study included 114 patients with pathology-proven IEE, of whom 80 were randomly assigned to a training group and 34 to a validation group. Preoperative brain MRI images were assessed with the VASARI (Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images) feature set. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to select the independent prognostic factors.
Results: Eosinophil, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and definition of the non-enhancing margin (F13) were significantly correlated with the prognosis of DFS. And blood urea nitrogen, D-dimer, tumor location (F1), T1/FLAIR ratio (F3), and T1/FLAIR ratio (F10) were independent predictors of OS. Based on these factors, survival models with the clinical variables, MR-VASARI features, and with both the clinical and MR-VASARI features were constructed for DFS and OS respectively. The c-indices of the three survival models for OS were 0.732, 0.729, and 0.768, respectively. For DFS, the c-indices were respectively 0.694, 0.576, and 0.714.
Conclusion:Predictive modelling combining both clinical and MR-VASARI features is robust and may assist in the assessment of prognosis in patients with IEE.
Mercuric oxide nanoparticles deferred germination and devastated root anatomy of maize
Authors: Hassan Yasser M. , AbdElgawad Hamada , Zaki Ayman H. , Hammouda Ola , Khodary Salah-Eldin A.
Published: November 2023

Given the widespread use of the mercuric oxide NPs (HgO-NPs), they have become increasingly prevalent in the soil ecosystem. As a result, it is important to promptly evaluate their phytotoxic impact on plants. To this end, we have investigated the effects of different concentrations of HgO-NPs (0-200 mg/L) on germination and growth of early emerged maize seedlings. Moreover, the primary root length was measured over time to examine the impacts of both time and doses of HgO-NPs on root growth, specifically studying their interactive effects. Additionally, HgO-NPs effects on root anatomical structures were investigated. Relative to control, HgO-NPs induced marked reductions in germination (percentage, speed and rate) while, increased mean germination time, mean daily germination time and time to 50% germination. Moreover, length and biomass of radical (root) and plumule (shoot) and seedling vigour indices were significantly deteriorated. The obtained inhibition in growth was more pronounced in root than shoot. Growth declines of young maize seedlings were concomitant with a dose and time dependent inhibition of root elongation. This response of root was consistent with the observed reduction in anatomical features, including root diameter, stele size, cortex size and cortex cell count. HgO-NPs effect was does dependent, where the decrease in maize germination and growth became more pronounced at higher doses of HgO-NPs. The most significant reduction was observed at a concentration of 200 mg/L HgO-NPs. The results of this study suggest that the presence of HgO-NPs leads to phytotoxic effects on germination process and the growth of young seedlings, highlighting a noteworthy challenge and environmental concern.
Heterozygous loss-of function variants in DOCK4 cause neurodevelopmental delay and microcephaly
Authors: Herbst Charlotte , Bothe Viktoria , Wegler Meret , Axer-Schaefer Susanne , Audebert-Bellanger Séverine , Gecz Jozef , Cogne Benjamin , Feldman Hagit Baris , Horn Anselm H.C. , Hurst Anna CE , Kelly Melissa A , Kruer Michael C. , Kurolap Alina , Laquerriere Annie , Li Megan , Mark Paul R. , Morawski Markus , Nizon Mathilde , Pastinen Tomi , Polster Tilman , Saugier-Veber Pascale , SeSong Jang , Sticht Heinrich , Stieler Jens T. , Thifffault Isabelle , Eyk Clare L , Marcorelles Pascale , Vezain-Mouchard Myriam , Jamra Rami Abou , Oppermann Henry
Published: November 2023

Neurons form the basic anatomical and functional structure of the nervous system, and defects in neuronal differentiation or formation of neurites are associated with various psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Dynamic changes in the cytoskeleton are essential for this process, which is, inter alia, controlled by the dedicator of cytokinesis 4 (DOCK4) through the activation of RAC1. Here, we clinically describe 8 individuals (7 males and one female) with variants in DOCK4 and overlapping phenotype of mild to severe global developmental delay. Additional symptoms include coordination or gait abnormalities, microcephaly, unspecific brain malformations, hypotonia and seizures. Five individuals carry missense variants (four of them detected de novo) and three individuals carry null variants (two of them maternally inherited). Molecular modelling of the heterozygous missense variants suggests that the majority of them affect the globular structure of DOCK4. In vitro functional expression studies in transfected Neuro-2A cells showed that all missense variants impaired neurite outgrowth. Furthermore, Dock4-knock-out Neuro-2A cells also exhibited defects in promoting neurite outgrowth. Furthermore, a sex-specific expressivity is possible, as the only female of the cohort was comparatively mildly affected. Our results, including clinical, molecular and functional data, suggest that loss-of-function variants in DOCK4 cause a variable spectrum of a novel neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly.
Potential cellular targets of platinum in the freshwater microalgae Chlamydomomas reinhardtii and Nitzschia palea revealed by transcriptomics
Authors: Hourtané O. , Gonzalez Patrice , Feurtet-Mazel Agnès , Kochoni Emeric , Fortin Claude
Published: November 2023

Platinum group element (PGE) levels have increased in natural aquatic environments in the last few decades, in particular as a consequence of the use of automobile catalytic converters on a global scale. This raises questions regarding their possible impacts on aquatic ecosystems, as the natural background concentrations of these rare metals are extremely low. Primary producers, such as microalgae, are of great ecological importance, as they are at the base of the food web. The purpose of this work was to better understand the impact of Pt on a cellular level for freshwater unicellular algae. Two species with different characteristics, a green alga C. reinhardtii and a diatom N. palea, were studied. The bioaccumulation of Pt as well as its effect on growth were quantified. The use of molecular tools also allowed for the determination of possible intracellular effects and pathways of Pt. Both species that could be experiencing copper deficiency: inductions of genes corresponding to copper transporter suggest that Pt might be internalized through the Cu(I) metabolic pathway. Moreover, Pt could possibly be excreted using an efflux pump. Other highlights include a concentration dependant negative impact of Pt on mitochondrial metabolism for C. reinhardtii which is not observed for N. palea.
Whole transcriptome analysis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection and identification of circulating miRNA as biomarkers for resilience
Authors: Wright Kathryn , Silva Kumudika , Plain Karren , Purdie Auriol C.
Published: November 2023

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), the causative agent of Johne’s disease (JD), results in a chronic enteritis affecting ruminants worldwide and presents to severe economic and welfare issues. Pathogenic mycobacteria such as MAP are able to manipulate host transcriptomic pathways to establish infection and cause disease. Following exposure to pathogenic mycobacteria, host microRNA (miRNA) are modulated, effecting downstream gene expression. miRNA have been utilised as circulating biomarkers for several human diseases and cancers, however their applicability to MAP infection in ruminants remains relatively unexplored. Here, we use a combination of small RNA sequencing and microarray data to explore circulating miRNA and mRNA responses of sheep infected with and resilient to MAP. A total of 58 differentially expressed miRNA were identified in only MAP infected sheep and 25 in only resilient sheep. Early and late timepoint specific signatures were also observed between infected and resilient sheep. Together, our data presents a novel miRNA signature of MAP infection, and resilience to infection. Further, we identify key signalling and immune pathways regulated by these miRNA which may contribute to the resilience phenotype and the ability of these sheep to prevent infection.
Sex differences in kinematics and muscle activity during the impact phase of a single-leg landing task after a backhand side overhead stroke in badminton
Authors: Zhang Yanan , Hu Zhe
Published: November 2023

Our study aimed to investigate possible risk factors for the high incidence of ACL injuries in women compared to men during the impact phase of badminton single-leg landing maneuvers. Sixteen badminton players (8 male, 8 female) participated in a badminton single-leg landing task in which lower limb kinematics, ground reaction forces, and lower limb muscle activity were measured using a marker-based motion capture system, force plates, and electromyography (EMG). An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze gender differences in leg kinematic data, mean normalized leg muscle activation (MVC%), and muscle co-contraction during the impact phase after landing. During the impact phase of the badminton landing task (100 ms after initial contact), the knee valgus angle at the moment of initial contact （IC）and posterior peak ground reaction force（GRF） was greater in females than in males. Knee flexion angle and ankle plantarflexion angle were less in females than in males at the moment of peak posterior GRF. During the post-landing impact phase, compared to male badminton players, females exhibited greater rectus femoris medial hamstring, medial gastrocnemius, and lateral gastrocnemius muscle activity. In addition, males exhibited a higher co-contraction ratio of the medial and lateral gastrocnemius than female athletes. The neuromuscular control strategies exhibited by female badminton players may be inadequate for ACL protection and may be a potential risk factor for a high incidence of ACL injury.
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) solubility controlled activation of water by atmospheric pressure air spark discharge
Authors: Zhao Zhiguo , Liu Guoqiang , Li Guofeng , Ni Weiyuan , Liu Dongping
Published: November 2023

The activation of water by the atmospheric pressure air plasma is involved in the diffusion of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) in air and water, their gas-phase and liquid-phase reactions, and their dissolution and evaporation. In this study, by generating the air spark discharge over the surface of water, we have evaluated the chemical and biological reactivities of direct–plasma treatment (DPT) and remote–plasma treatment (RPT) plasma-activated water (PAW) at different water temperatures. We have found that DPT-PAW is much more effective in increasing both the chemical and biological reactivities of PAW than RPT-PAW, and decreasing the water temperature from 40°C to 6°C leads to rapid activation of water. Our analysis shows that when the water temperature varies from 6°C to 40°C, the activation of water by the air discharge is RONS solubility controlled, and the gas-phase and liquid-phase RONS diffusion and chemical reactions are not the controlling steps during the activation of water. The direct plasma treatment of water at a relatively low temperature contributes to an obvious increase in the RONS solubility, thus a rapid activation of DPT-PAW.
A Study on the Spatial Form of Traditional Villages in Jiangnan Region of China from the Perspective of Human Thermal Comfort ：A Case Study of Nanjing, Jiangsu Province
Authors: Yao Xiong , He Yinhui
Published: November 2023

Chinese traditional villages have undergone a protracted process of natural selection and evolution, resulting in a spatial configuration with climate adaptability has emerged. This form embodies the ecological wisdom of ancient Chinese civilizations who "adapt to nature and transform nature." Under the context of China's rural revitalization, a study into the microclimate and thermal comfort of traditional villages holds promise for fostering the development of ecologically sustainable and aesthetically pleasing rural communities. This study focuses on three representative traditional villages in Nanjing. By employing a combination of measured data and ENVI-met numerical simulation, the microclimate effects of distinct spatial domains in these villages are analyzed. Additionally, the thermal comfort PET values are calculated using the Rayman platform, thereby objectively examining the relationship between spatial configuration and microclimate factors in Jiangnan traditional villages. The findings reveal that the PET values range from 38.4 to 57°C in summer and from 0.1 to 27°C in winter, with winter thermal comfort generally surpassing that of summer. Finally, the spatial configuration and landscape elements that influence human thermal comfort are revealed and transformation strategies tailored to each space type are summarized, aiming to provide scientifically grounded and rational recommendations for climate-adaptive design in rural areas.
A Study on Practical Byzantine Algorithms Based on Short Group Signatures
Authors: Liu Jialong , Li Jianhua
Published: November 2023

The Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) algorithm is a well-known consensus algorithm used in distributed systems. However, it has limitations in terms of performance and fault tolerance.This paper proposes an improved PBFT algorithm called GR-PBFT, which is based on the Short Group Signatures mechanism. Firstly, we introduce the Short Group Signatures mechanism, which involves adding nodes to the group and allowing the master node to verify messages signed by each member. Once enough signatures are collected, the master node generates the commit message. Replica nodes can then verify the commit message and synchronize the state information, thereby enhancing the interaction between the preparation and commit phases and reducing communication complexity. Secondly, we design a mechanism for dynamic node joining and exiting to improve system performance and scalability. Finally, we verify the performance and fault tolerance of the GR-PBFT algorithm through theoretical analysis and large-scale simulation experiments on the Fabric platform. The results show that GR-PBFT achieves a maximum 49.6% improvement in throughput, a 45.5% reduction in latency, and a 32% improvement in transaction success rate compared to PBFT. Particularly, when the number of nodes exceeds the threshold, PBFT performance drastically declines, whereas GR-PBFT remains relatively stable, demonstrating better performance and reliability.
Exploring the impact of hyper-quantity on the performance to access GHG emission in a full-scale A 2 O+MBR process: From predictions to implementation
Authors: Hu Yongfeng , Zhang Yongxiang , Sun Ruirui , Wang Kun , Cai Qing
Published: November 2023

It was different to reduce the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission intensity of the wastewater treatment industry in China, owing to a lack of research and demonstration experience. This study aims to predict hyper-quantity functional performance, and provide a guidance for its real operation to assess the GHG emission in a full-scale anaerobic-anoxic-oxic membrane bioreactor (A2O + MBR) process in Beijing. The emulated result illustrated that ASM model offers broad applicability to predict functional performance during hyper-quantity operational periods. The running results show that the GHG emission intensity decreased from 1.31 CO2e/m3 to 1.24 CO2e/m3, representing a 5.3% decline in 2022, despite the total annual GHG emissions increased by 42.69% compared to the levels in 2018. Further, the GHG emission intensity of CH4, N2O, electricity consumption and chemical agent consumption decreased by 7.4%, 7.1%, 4.9% and 12.5%, respectively. The proportion of CH4, N2O, electricity and chemical agent consumption accounted for 20.38%, 31.89%, 47.67% and 0.06% of the total GHG emissions, showing minimal changes compared to those in 2018. Overall, this research provides valuable insights to policy-makers regarding water and carbon issue, assisting them in identifying to find low-risk and cost-effective solutions to reduce climate change impact.
Detection of Periodontal Bone Loss Types and Furcation Defects from Panoramic Radiographs Using Deep Learning Algorithm: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Kurt-Bayrakdar Sevda , Bayrakdar İbrahim Şevki , Yavuz Muhammed Burak , Sali Nichal , Çelik Özer , Köse Oğuz , Saylan Bilge Cansu Uzun , Kuleli Batuhan , Jagtap Rohan , Orhan Kaan
Published: November 2023

Background This retrospective study aimed to develop a deep learning algorithm for the interpretation of panoramic radiographs and to examine the performance of this algorithm in the detection of some periodontal problems such as horizontal alveolar bone loss, vertical bone defect, and furcation defect. Methods A total of 1121 panoramic radiographic images were used in this study. Total alveolar bone losses in the maxilla and mandibula (n = 2251), interdental bone losses (n = 25303), and furcation defects (n = 2815) were labeled using the segmentation method. In addition, interdental bone losses were divided into horizontal (n = 21839) and vertical (n = 3464) bone losses according to the defect types. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based artificial intelligence (AI) system was developed using U-Net architecture. The performance of the deep learning algorithm was statistically evaluated by the confusion matrix and ROC curve analysis. Results The system showed the highest diagnostic performance in the detection of total alveolar bone losses and the lowest in the detection of vertical bone defects. The sensitivity, precision, F1 score, accuracy, and AUC values were found as 1, 0.995, 0.997, 0.994, 0.951 for total alveolar bone loss; found as 0.947, 0.939, 0.943, 0.892, 0.910 for horizontal bone losses; found as 0.558, 0.846, 0.673, 0.506, 0.733 for vertical bone defects and found as 0.892, 0.933, 0.912, 0.837, 0.868 for furcation defects (respectively). Conclusions AI systems offer promising results in determining periodontal bone loss patterns and furcation defects from dental radiographs. This suggests that CNN algorithms can also be used to provide more detailed information such as automatic determination of periodontal disease severity and treatment planning in various dental radiographs.
A cross-sectional study about adversity quotient of newly graduated nurses: From Lanzhou, a city in Northwest of China
Authors: Wang Xinglei , Ma Ting , Ma Li , Wang Yingqiao , Li Weiping , Zhang Liping , Pei Juhong , zhong Juanping , Ding Xiaohua , Dou Xinman
Published: November 2023

Objectives
This study aims to investigate the current status of new nurses' adversity quotient and analyze its influencing factors. To provide reference for adopting targeted intervention strategies and improving clinical adaptability.
Background
Adversity quotient not only relates to the development of physical and mental health of newly recruited nurses, but also determines whether they are competent for nursing work.
Design:
A cross-sectional study was performed.
Methods
This study adopted a convenient sampling method and examined the adversity quotient level of 369 newly graduated nurses from tertiary hospital in Lanzhou with questionnaire surveys using the Chinese version of the Adversity Quotient Scale. Other questionnaires included the Connor-Davidson Resilience scale, Organizational justice perception scale., and items on socio-demographic. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with adversity quotient.
Results
The average adversity quotient score of the novice nurse was 130.26 ± 16.98, and the scores for the four dimensions were control(33.01 ± 5.93), origin and ownership(32.31 ± 4.22), reach(33.14 ± 4.97), endurance(31.80 ± 4.87). The stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed Age (β = 0.127, P < 0.01), education (β = 0.118, P < 0.05), hospital category (β = 0.099, P < 0.05), and psychological resilience (β = 0.394, P < 0.001) as associated factors for adversity quotient, possibly explaining 18.8% of the total variation(F = 22.250, P < 0.001).
Conclusions
Novice nurses present a medium to upper level of AQ. Nurses with a higher psychological resilience level showed higher AQ. The college degree’s novice nurses are more likely to attribute the cause of adversity to external cause. Developing competencies at the beginning of one’s practice, which is crucial for patient’s outcomes, should be accompanied by the strengthening of novice nurses’ adversity quotient.
Implications for Nursing Management:
Managers should formulate reasonable training plans, strive to create a good organizational atmosphere, and cultivate nurses' level of adversity quotient, so as to better cope with various intractable problems.