bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To Collect and to Order: the Siku quanshu 四庫全書 and its Organization
Authors: Gandolfo Stefano
Published: May 2020

Collecting and hoarding are distinguished by order. An agglomeration of objects is defined by chaos while a collection comes into being through its organization. The largest collection of texts undertaken in Chinese dynastic history, the Complete Writings of the Four Repositories (Siku quanshu 四庫全書), is the high point of late imperial compilation projects (congshu 叢書). While much scholarship has been devoted to explaining the criteria of inclusion, the question of order remains largely unexplored. In this article, I investigate the link between the collection of knowledge and its organization in the high Qing. Specifically, I explore the poetic understanding of knowledge, the intellectual, non-political purposes behind the collection and its fundamental principle of order. I end this essay offering some remarks on the nature of the Complete Writings, high Qing scholarship, and contemporary attitudes towards classification.
Lectotypification of names associated with Chenopodium hircinum (Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae sensu APG): C. bonariense Ten. and two varieties described by Aellen

Authors: IAMONICO DUILIO , MOSYAKIN SERGEI L.
Published: May 2020

The growing interest to the ancient South American pseudocereal crop quinoa, Chenopodium quinoa Willdenow (1798: 1301), not only stimulated research on this species and its wild relatives (see Jellen et al. 2011, FAO & CIRAD 2015, Maughan et al. 2019, and references therein), but also spurred taxonomic and nomenclatural studies of these taxa, including issues of typification and/or conservation of their names (e.g., Lack & Fuentes 2013, Mosyakin & Walter 2018). The closest relatives of Chenopodium quinoa are grouped together with that species in a tetraploid (2n = 36) species complex containing such taxa as C. berlandieri Moquin-Tandon (1840: 23) sensu lato, and C. hircinum Schrader (1833: 2). Despite the growing attention to the crop and its relatives, the infraspecific taxonomy of C. quinoa remains problematic. A critical revision and proper typification of all available valid names published in that economically important group should be made to ensure the correct application of these names. The name C. hircinum was recently lectotypified by Mosyakin & Sokolova (2020), based on the specimen from LE (barcode LE00011694). However, some other names linked with C. quinoa and C. hircinum, in particular C. bonariense Tenore (1833: 13) and two varieties validated under C. hircinum by Aellen (1929), have not been typified yet and are investigated here as part of ongoing studies on the genus.
Inertial Waves in Axisymmetric Tropical Cyclones
Authors: O’Neill Morgan E , Chavas Daniel R.
Published: May 2020

The heat engine model of tropical cyclones describes a thermally direct overturning circulation. Outflowing air slowly subsides as radiative cooling to space balances adiabatic warming, a process that does not consume any work. However, we show here that the lateral spread of the outflow is limited by the environmental deformation radius, which at high latitudes can be rather small. In such cases, the outflowing air is radially constrained, which limits how far downward it can subside via radiative cooling alone. Some literature has invoked the possibility of “mechanical subsidence” or “forced descent” in the storm outflow region in the presence of high inertial stability, which would be a thermally indirect circulation. Mechanical subsidence in the subsiding branch of a tropical cyclone has not before been observed or characterized. A series of axisymmetric tropical cyclone simulations at different latitudes and domain sizes is conducted to study the impact of environmental inertial stability on storm dynamics. In higher-latitude storms in large axisymmetric domains, the outflow acts as a wavemaker to excite an inertial wave at the environmental inertial (Coriolis) frequency. This inertial wave periodically ventilates the core of a high-latitude storm with its own low-entropy exhaust air. The wave response is in contrast to the presumed forced descent model, and we hypothesize that this is because inertial stability provides less resistance than buoyant stability, even in highly inertially stable environments.
The Influence of an Eddy in the Success Rates and Distributions of Passively Advected or Actively Swimming Biological Organisms Crossing the Continental Slope
Authors: Rypina Irina I. , Pratt Larry J. , Entner Samuel , Anderson Amanda , Cherian Deepak
Published: May 2020

The Lagrangian characteristics of the surface flow field arising when an idealized, anticyclonic, mesoscale, isolated deep-ocean eddy collides with continental slope and shelf topography are explored. In addition to fluid parcel trajectories, we consider the trajectories of biological organisms that are able to navigate and swim, and for which shallow water is a destination. Of particular interest is the movement of organisms initially located in the offshore eddy, the manner in which the eddy influences the ability of the organisms to reach the shelf break, and the spatial and temporal distributions of organisms that do so. For nonswimmers or very slow swimmers, the organisms arrive at the shelf break in distinct pulses, with different pulses occurring at different locations along the shelf break. This phenomenon is closely related to the episodic formation of trailing vortices that are formed after the eddy collides with the continental slope, turns, and travels parallel to the coast. Analysis based on finite-time Lyapunov exponents reveals initial locations of all successful trajectories reaching the shoreline, and provides maps of the transport pathways showing that much of the cross-shelf-break transport occurs in the lee of the eddy as it moves parallel to the shore. The same analysis shows that the onshore transport is interrupted after a trailing vortex detaches. As the swimming speeds are increased, the organisms are influenced less by the eddy and tend to show up en mass and in a single pulse.
Decadal Changes in Meridional Overturning Circulation in the East Sea (Sea of Japan)
Authors: Han MyeongHee , Cho Yang-Ki , Kang Hyoun-Woo , Nam SungHyun
Published: May 2020

Meridional overturning circulation (MOC) is vital to distributing heat, freshwater, and dissolved matter in semienclosed deep marginal seas such as the East Sea (ES) (Sea of Japan). As our understanding of the ES MOC remains incomplete, we attempted to fill this research gap. We analyzed the ES MOC and its decadal change (1993–2012), employing Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) global reanalysis. We found that the ES MOC, consisting of two counterrotating overturning cells in the late 1990s, changed into a single full-depth cell in the 2000s and reverted to two cells in the 2010s. The decadal change relates to weakening of the southward western boundary current at the intermediate layer and northward eastern boundary currents at the deep abyssal layer. We propose that surface warming and salinification favored reduced intermediate water formation and enhanced bottom water formation in the northwestern ES in the 2000s and were, therefore, key to the decadal change. Conditions unfavorable to intermediate water formation and favorable to bottom water formation in the winters of the 2000s, compared with the late 1990s, enhanced northward (westward) Ekman transport in the southern (northeastern) ES, successive advection of surface warm, saline water into water formation areas, and air–sea heat and freshwater exchanges linked to the January Arctic Oscillation. Our results indicated that the ES MOC is sensitive to both external atmospheric forcing and internal ES processes, which have implications for significant changes in the response of other marginal seas and global oceans to future climate variability.
Implantation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Free Flap Donor Site
Authors: Pichardo Priscilla , Purdy Nicholas , Haugen Thorsen
Published: May 2020

Introduction:

It is well known that malignant cells can be implanted at distant donor sites due to iatrogenic surgical contamination. Only a small number of reports, however, have been published describing this.

Case Presentation:

We present a case of oral cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) reconstructed with a radial forearm free flap in which SCC developed in the subcutaneous tissues beneath the donor incision site 6 months after surgery.

Management:

The implanted tumor was excised and the field was subsequently treated with radiation. The patient remains disease-free on follow-up.

Discussion:

We present the second report of tumor implanted in a free flap donor site. Additionally, we discuss the risks of tumor implantation, review the literature, and make recommendations to avoid this complication.
Is P&T Ready to Add Rapid Cycle Analytics to Formulary?
Authors: Altshuler Diana , Yu Kenny , Papadopoulos John , Dabestani Arash
Published: May 2020

Purpose: The intent of this article is to evaluate a novel approach, using rapid cycle analytics and real world evidence, to optimize and improve the medication evaluation process to help the formulary decision making process, while reducing time for clinicians. Summary: The Pharmacy and Therapeutics (P&T) Committee within each health system is responsible for evaluating medication requests for formulary addition. Members of the pharmacy staff prepare the drug monograph or a medication use evaluation (MUE) and allocate precious clinical resources to review patient charts to assess efficacy and value. We explored a novel approach to evaluate the value of our intravenous acetaminophen (IV APAP) formulary admittance. This new methodology, called rapid cycle analytics, can assist hospitals in meeting and/or exceeding the minimum criteria of formulary maintenance as defined by the Joint Commission Standards. In this particular study, we assessed the effectiveness of IV APAP in total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedures. We assessed the correlation to same-stay opioid utilization, average length of inpatient stay and post anesthesia care unit (PACU) time. Conclusion: We were able to explore and improve our organization’s approach in evaluating medications by partnering with an external analytics expert to help organize and normalize our data in a more robust, yet time efficient manner. Additionally, we were able to use a significantly larger external data set as a point of reference. Being able to perform this detailed analytical exercise for thousands of encounters internally and using a data warehouse of over 130 million patients as a point of reference in a short time has improved the depth of our assessment, as well as reducing valuable clinical resources allocated to MUEs to allow for more direct patient care. This clinically real-world and data-rich analytics model is the necessary foundation for using Artificial or Augmented Intelligence (AI) to make real-time formulary and drug selection decisions
Journey to Authenticity: Afrikan Psychology as an Act of Social Justice Honoring Afrikan Humanity
Authors: Washington (Mwata Kairi) Kevin
Published: May 2020

The proper healing of a people is difficult without a correct understanding of those peoples’ experiences and their worldview. This is very true with respect to the healing of the shattered consciousness and fractured identity of what has been called the transatlantic slave trade encountered by Afrikan people in America and throughout the Afrikan Diaspora. My journey into healing the wounds of racism and oppression began when I was called a “nigger” in 1971 in first grade. Years of studying Black/Afrikan history and being informed by Black psychologists would inspire me to conceptualize racism as a mental disorder that should be classified as such in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual. Moreover, I advance a distinct psychology ( Ubuntu psychology/psychotherapy) of healing psychic trauma of Afrikans in America as well as throughout the diaspora and on the continent of Afrika.
Selection and techno-economic analysis of hybrid ground source heat pumps used in karst regions
Authors: Zhou Weisong , Pei Peng , Mao Ruiyong , Qian Haibin , Hu Yanbing , Zhang Jin
Published: May 2020

In order to take advantage of different forms of heat pumps and to mitigate thermal imbalance underground caused by long-term operation of ground source heat pumps, hybrid ground source heat pump systems have received an increasing attention. In this research, based on the fact that abundant groundwater resources are commonly available in karst regions, a new strategy is introduced for selecting and determining hybrid ground source heat pump capacity. Five scenarios of hybrid ground source heat pump system coupling groundwater source heat pumps with other supplementary heat pumps are proposed in this article to provide appropriate options to eliminate heat buildup under different hydrogeologic conditions. Methodologies for sizing and selection are established. Then, a case study of techno-economic analysis was performed for a project in the karst region in South China. The results showed that these scenarios can effectively mitigate heat buildup, and under the hydrogeologic condition in the case study. Compared to the solo ground-coupled heat pump solution, the optimal solution (Solution 4 in this study) can reduce the annual costs by 16.10% and reduce the capital investment by 60%. Methodologies developed in this study are beneficial for selecting appropriate approaches to mitigate heat buildup and enhance competitiveness of ground source heat pumps.
A robust model for generation and transmission expansion planning with emission constraints
Authors: Ahmadi Abdollah , Mavalizadeh Hani , Esmaeel Nezhad Ali , Siano Pierluigi , Shayanfar Heidar Ali , Hredzak Branislav
Published: May 2020

This paper presents the application of information gap decision theory (IGDT) to deal with uncertainties associated with load forecasting in dynamic, environment constrained, coordinated generation and transmission expansion planning. Traditionally, the gaseous emissions are constrained over the whole system. Conventional methods cannot guarantee a practical expansion plan since huge emissions can still occur on some buses in the power system. This paper introduces a per-bus emission limit to avoid extreme emissions in highly populated areas. The effect of nodal emission limits is fully discussed and compared to a conventional method. The model is kept linear using the big M approach to decrease the model computational burden. Reliability is considered by limiting the estimated load not served in each year over the planning horizon. The cost of fuel transportation and fuel limits are considered in order to make the model more realistic and practical. The effectiveness of the proposed model is verified by implementation on Garver 6 bus, IEEE 30 bus, and 118 bus test systems.
Tourism Business, Place Identity, Sustainable Development, and Urban Resilience: A Focus on the Sociocultural Dimension
Authors: Jiménez-Medina Pilar , Artal-Tur Andrés , Sánchez-Casado Noelia
Published: May 2020

La Unión is a city located in the southeast of Spain with a long mining tradition. Along the twentieth century, this place faced a severe industrial crisis. Building on its history, heritage, and resources, the local economy changed towards the mining heritage tourism business. This article describes such a process of sustainable development and urban resilience through a two-stage approach. First, the focus is on explaining how the locality moved from being a mining industrial area to a mining heritage tourism place. In doing so, the study highlights the key role played by the cooperation of the local government and the nearby university. The second stage shows how the new economic model is firmly rooted on the mining identity of the place and what provides higher levels of sustainability to the destination from a social and cultural view. In this context, the article shows how the place identity model of tourism would be eager to limit the negative impacts usually associated with the spread of tourism, consequently receiving further support by the local population. To better understand the second-stage process, the study defines a theoretical framework and tests it empirically through a structural equation modeling approach. Results of the research provide regional policy advices.
Assessment of ventilator-associated pneumonia by combining 8-isoprostane and nitric oxide levels in exhaled breath condensate with the clinical pulmonary infection score
Authors: Jin Zhaoquan , Zhang Wenbin , Zhu Minghui , Xu Juxian , Deng Guohua , Wang Daming
Published: May 2020

Objective

To investigate the effectiveness of combining the 8-isoprostane and nitric oxide (NO) levels in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) with the clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) to assess ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in patients on mechanical ventilation.

Methods

Thirty-two patients with VAP served as the observation group and 32 patients without VAP served as the control group. The correlations of 8-isoprostane and NO levels in EBC with CPIS, chest X-ray score, oxygenation index, and lung injury score (LIS) were analyzed. The area under the curve (AUC) was compared with experimental data using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) to predict VAP.

Results

The 8-isoprostane and NO levels in EBC of VAP patients on mechanical ventilation were positively correlated with CPIS, chest X-ray score, and LIS, but negatively correlated with oxygenation index. The AUC of simplified CPIS combined with 8-isoprostane and NO levels in EBC for predicting VAP was 0.914, which suggests that this is a highly effective for making a diagnosis.

Conclusions

The simplified CPIS combined with the 8-isoprostane and NO levels in EBC of patients on mechanical ventilation is effective for evaluating and diagnosing VAP. 8-Isoprostane and NO levels in EBC could be used as biomarkers to evaluate VAP.
Generating a critical dialogue on gentrification in Latin America
Authors: Díaz-Parra Ibán
Published: May 2020

Studies on gentrification in Latin America currently face two main obstacles. On the one hand, there appears to be a refusal by the academy in Latin America to use the term, regarding it as an expression of cultural imperialism. On the other hand, there has been an excessively flexible and ambiguous use of the term, obscuring political and scholarly debates on the issue. Both obstacles are partly a consequence of the lack of dialogue between the different authors in the field. This article generates a critical dialogue with the most relevant works and researchers on gentrification in Latin America, as well as with those scholars reluctant to use the term. Specifically, the author advocates for a more restrictive and clarifying definition of the phenomena and defends the utility of the concept as a tool to promote the critical analysis of the specific processes in many Latin American cities, as well as in cities outside the region. The paper concludes that, even though it should not be the main political concern for urban researchers in the region, gentrification is a relevant ongoing process in some Latin American cities and its study would contribute to a better comprehension of recent processes of urban restructuring.
Analysis of Component Errors in the Highway Capacity Manual Travel Time Reliability Estimations for Urban Streets
Authors: Tufuor Ernest O. A. , Rilett Laurence R.
Published: May 2020

The Highway Capacity Manual 6th edition (HCM6) includes a new methodology to estimate and predict the distribution of average travel times (TTD) for urban streets. The TTD can then be used to estimate travel time reliability (TTR) metrics. Previous research on a 0.5-mi testbed showed statistically significant differences between the HCM6 estimated TTD and the corresponding empirical TTD. The difference in average travel time was 4 s that, while statistically significant, is not important from a practical perspective. More importantly, the TTD variance was underestimated by 70%. In other words, the HCM6 results reflected a more reliable testbed than field measurement. This paper expands the analysis on a longer testbed. It identifies the sources and magnitude of travel time variability that contribute to the HCM6 error. Understanding the potential sources of error, and their quantitative values, are the first steps in improving the HCM6 model to better reflect actual conditions. Empirical Bluetooth travel times were collected on a 1.16-mi testbed in Lincoln, Nebraska. The HCM6 methodology was used to model the testbed, and the estimated TTD by source of travel time variability was compared statistically to the corresponding empirical TTD. It was found that the HCM6 underestimated the TTD variability on the longer testbed by 67%. The demand component, missing variable(s), or both, which were not explicitly considered in the HCM6, were found to be the main source of the error in the HCM6 TTD. A focus on the demand estimators as the first step in improving the HCM6 TTR model was recommended.
Model Calibration and Forecasts of Air Travel Demand with Categorized Household Socioeconomic Attributes
Authors: Kim Jungin , Kim Ikki , Shim Jaeyeob , Yoo Hansol , Park Sangjun
Published: May 2020

The objectives of this study were to (1) construct an air demand model based on household data and (2) forecast future air demand to explain the relationship between air demand and individual travel behavior. To this end, domestic passenger air travel demand at Jeju Island in South Korea was examined. A multiple regression model with numerous explanatory variables was established by examining categorized household socioeconomic data that affected air demand. The air travel demand model was calibrated for 2009–2015 based on the annual average number of visits to Jeju Island by households in certain income groups. The explanatory variable was set using a dummy variable for each household income group and the proportion of airfare to GDP per capita. Higher household income meant more frequent visits to Jeju Island, which was well-represented in the model. However, the value of the coefficient for the highest income was lower than the value for the second-highest income group. This suggested that the highest income group preferred overseas travel destinations to domestic ones. The future air demand for Jeju airport was predicted as 26,587,407 passengers in 2026, with a subsequent gradual increase to approximately 33,000,000 passengers by 2045 in this study. This study proposed an air travel demand model incorporating household socioeconomic attributes to reflect individual travel behavior, which contrasts with previous studies that used aggregate data. By constructing an air travel model that incorporated socioeconomic factors as a behavioral model, more accurate and consistent projections could be obtained.
Preservation of Gray Matter Volume in Early Stage of Bipolar Disorder: A Case for Early Intervention: Préservation du volume de matière grise au stade précoce du trouble bipolaire: un cas pour intervention précoce
Authors: Keramatian Kamyar , Su Wayne , Saraf Gayatri , Chakrabarty Trisha , Yatham Lakshmi N.
Published: May 2020

Objective:

It has been proposed that different stages of the bipolar disorder might have distinct neurobiological changes. However, the evidence for this has not been consistent, as the studies in early stages of the illness are limited by small sample sizes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the gray matter volume changes in bipolar patients who recently recovered from their first episode of mania (FEM).

Methods:

Using a whole-brain voxel-based analysis, we compared the regional gray matter volumes of 61 bipolar patients who have recovered from their FEM in the past 3 months with 43 age- and gender-matched healthy participants. We also performed a series of subgroup analyses to determine the effects of hospitalization during the FEM, history of depressive episodes, and exposure to lithium.

Results:

No statistically significant difference was found between gray matter volumes of FEM patients and healthy participants, even at a more liberal threshold ( P < 0.001, uncorrected for multiple comparisons). Voxel-based subgroup analyses did not reveal significant gray matter differences except for a trend toward decreased gray matter volume in left lateral occipital cortex ( P < 0.001, uncorrected) in patients with a previous history of depression.

Conclusion:

This study represents the largest structural neuroimaging investigation of FEM published to date. Early stage of bipolar disorder was not found to be associated with significant gray matter volume changes. Our findings suggest that there might be a window of opportunity for early intervention strategies to prevent or delay neuroprogression in bipolar disorder.
A College Entrance Essay Exam Intervention for Students With High-Incidence Disabilities and Struggling Writers
Authors: Ray Amber B. , Graham Steve
Published: May 2020

High school students with high-incidence disabilities and struggling writers face considerable challenges when taking writing assessments designed for college entrance. This study examined the effectiveness of a writing intervention for improving students’ performance on a college entrance exam, the writing assessment for the ACT. Students were taught a planning and composing strategy for successfully taking this test using the self-regulated strategy development (SRSD) model. A true-experiment was conducted where 20 high school students were randomly assigned to a treatment ( n = 10) or control ( n = 10) condition. Control students received ACT math preparation. SRSD instruction statistically enhanced students’ planning, the quality of their written text (including ideas and analysis, development and support, organization, and language use), the inclusion of argumentative elements in their compositions, and the use of transition words in written text. Limitations of the study, future research, and implications for practice are discussed.
Extending the Learning Technology Acceptance Model of WeChat by Adding New Psychological Constructs
Authors: Yu Zhonggen
Published: May 2020

The extended constructs of technology acceptance model (TAM) have rarely been linked to psychological influence factors. This study complements for the missing link in literature through structural equation modeling and a nonparametric Mann–Whitney U test based on the data obtained from a large-scale questionnaire survey. It is concluded that (a) conformity behavior can be integrated into the TAM to establish a fit model in WeChat use in language learning at the significance level .05, (b) self-esteem can be integrated into the TAM to establish a fit model in WeChat use in language learning at the significance level .05, and (c) there are no significant gender differences in the extended constructs in the TAM in WeChat use in language learning at the significance level .05. Future research may extend the constructs further in psychology in order to complement for missing links in current literature. It is also promising to establish a sociocultural TAM with respect to mobile device acceptance in both western and eastern contexts.
Development and Evaluation of a Computer Detective Game for Microbial Food Safety Education
Authors: Hsiao Hsien-Sheng , Tsai Fu-Hsing , Hsu I-Ying
Published: May 2020

Past studies have suggested that young people lack knowledge regarding food safety, and that food safety education is appropriate for integration into science education since it often involves science knowledge. Thus, this study combined the methods of inquiry-based and game-based learning to develop a computer detective game, called the Poison Riddle, that makes students actively explore food safety knowledge through playing the role of a science detective to solve a task related to food poisoning at home in a virtual world. To evaluate the learning effectiveness of this game, 109 high school students were selected as the research participants. The research findings indicated that this game could help students improve their microbial food safety knowledge. Most students had positive participation perception and gaming behaviors related to the game. In addition, the analysis indicated that the students who successfully solved the game task gained more positive gaming behaviors, food safety knowledge, and significant sequential behaviors compared to those who were unsuccessful in solving the game task.
Prediction of lung cancer risk using circulating pro-surfactant protein B and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein among Egyptian workers in the rubber industry
Authors: Mourad Basma Hussein
Published: May 2020

Objective:

For several decades, there has been increasing evidence for excess incidence of lung cancer among workers in the rubber industry. The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of lung cancer occurrence among Egyptian workers involved in the rubber industry using two circulating protein biomarkers.

Methods:

This study was performed in a rubber manufacturing factory in Shubra El-Kheima region in Greater Cairo, Egypt. Environmental assessment for the suspended particulate matter of size 10 µm (PM10) concentrations was done. Levels of plasma pro-surfactant protein B (pro-SFTPB) and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HsCRP) were measured among the studied population ( n = 155) who were divided into two groups. The first group included 75 workers exposed to rubber manufacturing process while the control group involved 80 administrative subjects.

Results:

The levels of PM10 neither exceeded the Egyptian nor the international permissible limits where the highest levels were observed in the mixing department. However, through medical history and clinical examination, it was observed that some general and respiratory manifestations were more prevalent among the exposed group when compared with their controls. Laboratory investigations revealed that the mean values of pro-SFTPB and HsCRP levels among exposed workers were significantly higher than those of the control group. These increased circulating proteins levels were strongly and positively correlated with each other and with the duration of employment of exposed workers.

Conclusion:

The study results support the conclusion that prolonged occupational exposure to rubber manufacturing process is associated with an elevated risk of lung cancer.
Microstructure, hygrothermal, and mechanical properties of interlaminar toughening of CFRP composite using polyamide veil
Authors: Zheng Wenjian , Yao Zhengjun , Zhou Jintang , Fan Huiyuan , Chen Wenjing
Published: May 2020

The addition of polyamide veil (PAV) to the interlaminar area of carbon fiber (CF) fabric/epoxy composites can effectively increase their toughness with high accuracy. Vacuum-assisted resin infusion (VARI) was used to fabricate composite structures. VARI was applied to obtain a PAV, which is an interleaf between fabric piles of CFs. The thermoplastic PAV was dissolved in epoxy when the PAV was cured at high temperature. A phase-separated morphology with a PAV-rich secondary phase was formed during the curing process. Experimental results indicated that compression after impact (CAI), which is the average value of CAI, increased by threefold when two layers of PAV were added. The thermal and mechanical characteristics of the composite were analyzed and compared at room temperature and high-temperature wet conditions.
The Distinct Effects of Empathic Accuracy for a Romantic Partner’s Appeasement and Dominance Emotions
Authors: Le Bonnie M. , Côté Stéphane , Stellar Jennifer , Impett Emily A.
Published: May 2020

When is accurately reading other people’s emotions costly and when is it beneficial? We aimed to identify whether the association between empathic accuracy and both relationship quality and motivation to change varies depending on the type of emotion being detected: appeasement (e.g., embarrassment) or dominance (e.g., anger). Romantic partners (couples: N = 111; individuals: N = 222) discussed a characteristic they wanted their partner to change and rated their own emotions and perceptions of their partner’s emotions. Relationship quality was self-reported and objectively coded. Using multilevel response-surface analysis, we tested preregistered hypotheses about whether empathic accuracy for appeasement and dominance emotions was differentially associated with relationship quality and motivation to change. For appeasement emotions, empathic accuracy predicted higher relationship quality. For dominance emotions, higher intensity of felt emotions—not empathic accuracy—predicted lower relationship quality. Empathic accuracy did not predict the motivation to change. These results suggest that the benefits of empathic accuracy can depend on the emotion type.
States of Exception: Legal Governance of Trans Women in Urban Turkey
Authors: Taşcıoğlu Ezgi
Published: May 2020

Based on life-story narratives of trans women, this article aims to shed light on the role of the law in their exclusion from public spaces in urban Turkey over the last four decades. In the light of Giorgio Agamben’s work on the sovereign exception, I argue trans women in Turkey routinely find themselves in the position of homo sacer: the bare life that has been rendered politically disqualified and consigned to death. Unlike in Agamben’s account, in which subjects are turned into homo sacers in a singular gesture of the sovereign, my analysis directs attention to the myriad ways states of exception can be created. The experiences of trans women in urban Turkey demonstrate that exceptional legal regimes can be generated by suspending – or by simply not enforcing – the law, as well as, conversely, by establishing an overwhelming presence of the law in daily life. Rather than opposing legality to sovereignty, I argue closer attention needs to be paid to the interfaces of law with negative forms of power and to increasingly sophisticated ways of articulating biopolitical concerns to legal practices revolving around sovereignty.
Paracetamol, ketorolac, and morphine in post‐trauma headache in emergency department: A double blind randomized clinical trial
Authors: Azimi Far Alireza , Abdoli Ali , Poorolajal Jalal , Salimi Rasoul
Published: May 2020

Introduction:

Headache is one of the most common complaints of patients after head trauma. The aim of this study was the comparison of the analgesic effects of intravenous ketorolac, morphine, and paracetamol in patients with headache following head trauma.

Methods:

This clinical trial was performed on 105 referred patients to emergency unit with headache after head trauma. Patients were randomly divided into three groups of intravenous paracetamol (15 mg/kg in 100 mL normal saline), intravenous ketorolac (30 mg/kg in 100 mL normal saline), and intravenous morphine (0.1 mg/kg in 100 mL normal saline). Headache severity and side effects of drugs were assessed at baseline and 15, 30, and 60 min after intervention.

Results:

Headache severity score at baseline was similar among groups. After 15 min, headache severity score in paracetamol group was significantly lower than that in morphine and ketorolac groups (3.7 vs. 4.6 and 4.5, respectively). After 30 min, the score in paracetamol and ketorolac groups was significantly lower than that in morphine group (1.9 and 2.4 vs. 3.2, respectively). After 60 min, headache severity score in three groups was similar (1.6 in morphine and ketorolac groups and 1.5 in paracetamol group). The incidence of side effects in morphine group was significantly more than that in paracetamol and ketorolac groups.

Conclusion:

In emergency department, intravenous paracetamol and ketorolac obtain a faster and more effective onset compared with morphine for headache after head trauma.
The Social Construction of a Concept—Orthorexia Nervosa: Morality Narratives and Psycho-Politics
Authors: Fixsen Alison , Cheshire Anna , Berry Michelle
Published: May 2020

Our article explores orthorexia nervosa (ON)—an extreme fixation with healthy eating—from a social construction perspective. Interviews with people self-identified as “obsessed” with healthy eating or having ON (“Identifiers”) and nonmedical professionals working with ON (“Professionals”) were comparatively analyzed, along with orthorexia threads from an eating disorder website (“Posters”). Participants made sense of and rationalized their attitudes and feelings concerning healthy eating and aligned themselves according to their interests. Identifiers and Posters applauded “healthy eating” and regarded consumption of “impure” foods as leading to ill-health. Some framed their dietary discipline within an ethically motivated lifestyle, while others were preoccupied with appearance or weight management. Professionals expressed concern for, and disapproval of, extreme views and behaviors in clients and parental and social influences supporting them. Debates surrounding orthorexic practices are tangled; some individuals need help, yet dangers lie in over medicalizing or “troubling” what may be a preferred lifestyle.
Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma With Meningothelial-Like Whorls: Five Additional Cases and Review of the Literature
Authors: Usman Tariq Muhammad , Kayani Naila , Moatter Tariq , Din Nasir Ud
Published: May 2020

Background. Diagnosis of dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDL) can sometimes be challenging due to a wide variety of histological features. “Meningothelial-like” whorl is an uncommon histological feature of DDL, which is also observed in neural tumors and follicular dendritic cell sarcoma. This feature is frequently associated with metaplastic bone formation. We conducted this study to describe the clinicopathological features of DDL with meningothelial-like whorls that would aid in establishing accurate diagnosis. Material and Methods. Microscopic glass slides of 5 cases of DDL with meningothelial-like whorls, diagnosed between January 2010 and December 2019, were reviewed. Results. Paratesticular region was the most common site. Whorls occupied 10% to 75% of tumor area and ranged in size from <0.1 cm to >2 cm. In 1 case, these whorls coalesced to form large areas of dedifferentiation. The cells forming whorls were spindle to epithelioid shaped and lacked significant nuclear pleomorphism and increased mitoses. Metaplastic bone formation was observed in 4 cases and cartilage formation in 3 cases. p16 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) immunohistochemical stains were positive in 2 cases, when performed. MDM2 gene amplification was observed in all cases by fluorescence in situ hybridization technique. These tumors showed aggressive behavior, similar to that of DDL without meningothelial-like whorls. Two patients died, 1 developed recurrence, 1 presented as recurrent tumor, and 1 developed metastasis. Conclusion. Meningothelial-like whorls in DDL most likely represent an early stage of dedifferentiation. Presence of well-differentiated liposarcoma areas, metaplastic bone formation, positive expressions for p16 and α-SMA immunohistochemical stains, and MDM2 gene amplification are useful diagnostic clues. These tumors have the potential to behave aggressively.
Diagnosis of rotating machine unbalance using machine learning algorithms on vibration orbital features
Authors: Jablon Leonardo S , Avila Sergio L , Borba Bruno , Mourão Gustavo L , Freitas Fabrizio L , Penz Cesar A
Published: May 2020

The diagnosis of failures in rotating machines has been subject to studies because of its benefits to maintenance improvement. Condition monitoring reduces maintenance costs, increases reliability and availability, and extends the useful life of critical rotating machinery in industry ambiance. Machine learning techniques have been evolving rapidly, and its applications are bringing better performance to many fields. This study presents a new strategy to improve the diagnosis performance of rotating machines using machine learning strategies on vibration orbital features. The advantage of using orbits in comparison to other vibration measurement systems is the simplicity of the instrumentation involved as well as the information multiplicity contained in the orbit. On the other hand, rolling element bearings are prevalent in industrial machinery. This type of bearing has less orbital oscillation and is noisier than sliding contact bearings. Therefore, it is more difficult to extract useful information. Practical results on an industry motor workbench with rolling element bearings are presented, and the algorithm robustness is evaluated by calculating diagnosis accuracy using inputs with different signal-to-noise ratios. For this kind of noisy scenario where signal analysis is naturally tough, the algorithm classifies approximately 85% of the time correctly. In a completely harsh environment, where the signal-to-noise ratio can be smaller than −25 dB, the accuracy achieved is close to 60%. These statistics show that the strategy proposed can be robust for rotating machine unbalance condition diagnosis even in the worst scenarios, which is required for industrial applications.
First report of c.425-1G>A mutation in ornithine aminotransferase gene causing gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina with hyperornithinemia
Authors: Jalali Hossein , Najafi Mojtaba , Khoshaeen Atefeh , Mahdavi Mohammad Reza , Mahdavi Mahan
Published: May 2020

Background:

Gyrate atrophy is a rare autosomal recessive inherited genetic disease. Progressive deterioration of peripheral night vision and blindness are the foremost clinical manifestations of the disease caused by mutations of ornithine aminotransferase gene.

Case:

The presented case was an 18-year-old male referred for a progressive reduction of visual acuity, which started when the subject was 7 years old, blurred vision, and hypotonic muscles.

Observations:

The findings by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography methods exhibited a high level of ornithine: 248 μmol/L (reference range: 44–206 μmol/L) and 818 μmol/L (reference: 25–123 μmol/L), respectively. After genetic counseling and conducting further investigation, a novel mutation (c.425-1G>A) in ornithine aminotransferase gene was recognized through whole exome sequencing and the mutation was verified using Sanger sequencing method, which is associated with gyrate atrophy phenotype.

Conclusion:

The exact mechanism of chorioretinal atrophy in hyperornithinemia is not known but the increased ornithine level is the clinical manifestation of gyrate atrophy of choroid and retina, muscle weakness, moderate mental retardation, and low cerebral creatine. Pathogenic variant in the ornithine aminotransferase gene associated with gyrate atrophy, may be beneficial as a biomarker to initial diagnosis and treatment of gyrate atrophy disease.
Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis Reveals the Dynamic Transcriptome Regulation and Prognostic Biomarkers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Qu Shuping , Shi Qiuyuan , Xu Jing , Yi Wanwan , Fan Hengwei
Published: May 2020

This study was aimed at revealing the dynamic regulation of mRNAs, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to identify HCC biomarkers capable of predicting prognosis. Differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs), lncRNAs, and miRNAs were acquired by comparing expression profiles of HCC with normal samples, using an expression data set from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Altered biological functions and pathways in HCC were analyzed by subjecting DEmRNAs to Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis. Gene modules significantly associated with disease status were identified by weighted gene coexpression network analysis. An lncRNA-mRNA and an miRNA-mRNA coexpression network were constructed for genes in disease-related modules, followed by the identification of prognostic biomarkers using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Differential expression and association with the prognosis of 4 miRNAs were verified in independent data sets. A total of 1220 differentially expressed genes were identified between HCC and normal samples. Differentially expressed mRNAs were significantly enriched in functions and pathways related to “plasma membrane structure,” “sensory perception,” “metabolism,” and “cell proliferation.” Two disease-associated gene modules were identified. Among genes in lncRNA-mRNA and miRNA-mRNA coexpression networks, 9 DEmRNAs and 7 DEmiRNAs were identified to be potential prognostic biomarkers. MIMAT0000102, MIMAT0003882, and MIMAT0004677 were successfully validated in independent data sets. Our results may advance our understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying HCC. The biomarkers may contribute to diagnosis in future clinical practice.
Predicting self-reported depression after the onset of multiple sclerosis using genetic and non-genetic factors
Authors: Wang Frances M , Davis Mary F , Briggs Farren BS
Published: May 2020

Background:

Persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) are disproportionately burdened by depression compared to the general population. While several factors associated with depression and depression severity in PwMS have been identified, a prediction model for depression risk has not been developed. In addition, it is unknown if depression-related genetic variants, including Apolipoprotein E ( APOE), would be informative for predicting depression in PwMS.

Objective:

To develop a depression prediction model for PwMS who did not have a history of depression prior MS onset.

Methods:

The study population included 917 non-Hispanic white PwMS. An optimized multivariable Cox proportional hazards model for time to depression was generated using non-genetic variables, to which APOE and a depression-related genetic risk score were included.

Results:

Having a mother who had a history of depression, having obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity and other physical disorders at MS onset, and affect-related symptoms at MS onset predicted depression risk (hazards ratios (HRs): 1.6–2.3). Genetic variables improved the prediction model’s performance. APOE ε4/ε4 and ε2/x conferred increased (HR = 2.5, p = 0.026) and decreased (HR = 0.65, p = 0.046) depression risk, respectively.

Conclusion:

We present a prediction model aligned with The Precision Medicine Initiative, which integrates genetic and non-genetic predictors to inform depression risk stratification after MS onset.
Travelers’ value of protective measures against bed bugs in hotels
Authors: Penn Jerrod , Hu Wuyang
Published: May 2020

Bed bugs pose a nontrivial threat to the hospitality industry. Hotels often engage in reactive practices to protect their business from further economic loss due to bed bugs although proactive measures, such as housekeeping inspection, professional inspections, and mattress encasements, may be more appealing to travelers and cost-effective. Using data collected from a national survey of US travelers, this study shows that travelers have the highest willingness to pay for mattress encasements and professional inspections. Although this premium varies considerably based on traveler characteristics and attitudes, and not all of them prefer to know about the practices, a large proportion of travelers have positive willingness to pay for these proactive practices. Overall, for leisure traveling, individuals who have business travel experiences for the previous year are willing to pay significantly higher than those who have never traveled for business in the previous year.