bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Kualitas Pembelajaran Melalui Pelatihan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Bagi Guru
Authors: Megayanti Trias , Dwidayati Kunthi Herma , Busono Tjahyani , Krisnanto Erna , Surahman Usep
Published: March 2024

Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) merupakan salah satu metoda yang digunakan untuk mengevaluasi proses pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk mengoptimalkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman guru-guru mengenai manfaat dan detail teknis pelaksanaan PTK. Tujuan lainnya adalah untuk menjadikan PTK sebagai sebuah kebutuhan bagi guru untuk mengevaluasi dan memperbaiki proses pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan. Pengabdian ini dilaksanakan dalam bentuk pelatihan singkat yang diikuti oleh seluruh guru di SMKN 12 Garut. Mengacu pada tata laksana action learning, pelatihan terbagi dalam beberapa tahapan dalam tiga kelompok besar yakni, persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Hasil dari pelaksanaan pelatihan ini adalah meningkatnya pemahaman guru mengenai Pelatihan Tindakan Kelas, serta meningkatnya kesadaran guru mengenai pentingnya pelaksanaan PTK sebagai bagian dari evaluasi pembelajaran secara rutin.
Stochastic Simulation of Pulse-Like Ground Motions Using Wavelet Packets
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Huang Duruo
Published: March 2024

Seismic near-fault ground motions with large amplitudes and long-period velocity pulses can cause significant damage to structures. In this study, a new stochastic model has been developed to simulate pulse-like ground motions for specified earthquake scenarios. Wavelet packet transform is employed to extract and model the velocity pulse. The parameters of the proposed model are fitted to Next Generation Attenuation (NGA)-West2 pulse-like ground-motion database. A group of predictive equations are established to predict occurrence time, frequency content, and total energy of the velocity pulse in terms of earthquake magnitudes, rupture distances, site conditions, and directivity parameters. The correlation relationships among the model parameters are also estimated to jointly simulate pulse and residual components based on specified earthquake scenarios. The model’s capacity to stochastically simulate pulse-like motions is demonstrated by systematic comparison with real pulse-like recordings and existing ground-motion prediction equations. The proposed method can find applications in seismic analyses of key infrastructures in the near-field region.
Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés en Enfermería en el Hospital Psiquiátrico, a 18 Meses de la Pandemia en Paraguay, 2021
Authors: Vázquez-Alcaraz Juan José , Centurión Claudia , Vera-Vargas Miguela Dominga , Maggi-Cárdenas Irma Carol
Published: March 2024

Introducción: Los profesionales de salud, especialmente los del área de enfermería, se encuentran en mayores posibilidades de desarrollar trastornos mentales, debido a la alta exposición a condiciones tensionantes propias del ambiente laboral, que afectan integralmente a la persona. Objetivo: Identificar los niveles de depresión, ansiedad y estrés en Enfermería en el Hospital Psiquiátrico, en el hospital psiquiátrico, a 18 meses de la pandemia en Paraguay, 2021. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo, aplicado a 79 profesionales de enfermería del Hospital Psiquiátrico en noviembre de 2021, mediante un instrumento de auto-llenado con variables sociodemográficas, laborales y clínicas, seguido del Inventario DASS-21. Resultados: Edad promedio 40 años, 63% femenino, 53% estado civil solteros/as, 78% son de asistencia directa y 22% gerenciales, con antigüedad promedio 14 años, 71% con un vínculo laboral, 25% fue muy afectado por la cuarentena, 57% enfermo de COVID-19, 70% no tuvo fallecidos por COVID-19 en su entorno familiar. En relación con los niveles de condiciones emocionales encontrados según el DASS-21, 58% tuvo ansiedad, 53% depresión y 49% estrés. Conclusión: Los porcentajes obtenidos en los diferentes niveles en la investigación son elevados, y se relacionan con las diferentes investigaciones desarrolladas sobre el tema.
AN Optimization control Techniques for Aircraft Yaw Control Lateral Dynamics
Authors: Shankar Sai , L Yathisha
Published: March 2024

Presently, advanced control theory plays a major role in the aircraft system for the control of Yaw, Roll and Pitch angles, which was very much necessary for the stabilization of aircraft system. Following the works of the control system community for aircraft applications, this paper concentrates on the control of Yaw angle by designing various optimal Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controllers using standard existing tools. The optimal controllers are designed for the aircraft, tested and validated using MATLAB/SIMULINK environment, and the results are compared with different system conditions to select the best optimal LQR feedback controllers in future aircraft control systems.
Traffic Prediction using Machine Learning
Authors: TM Vishwasgowda , CN Chinnaswamy
Published: March 2024

The traffic is one of the major issues faced by people in almost every city. Predicting the traffic has always been very challenging for transportation planning as well as the city manager. The growth of population and usage of vehicles has increased the need for a reliable traffic prediction system. The system should reduce congestion, avoid accidents, and optimize the traffic flow that enhance road safety. The use of machine learning algorithms would be more suitable in handling the traffic and maintaining the flow of vehicles. The paper focuses on the work related to handling the traffic using machine learning principles such as LSTM and Random Forest (RF) algorithm. The advanced online dataset for traffic forecasts is used. The system is tested to have improved accuracy with the help of feature engineering. The basic dataset had the following fields: Vehicle Id, Time, Date, Junction Id are the primary and significant parameters considered to anticipate the traffic at each zone. With this we have added the day and weekend component to enhance our result.
An Optimization Method for Improving the Accuracy of Multiple Parametric Printed Parts in FDM
Authors: N.G Rajiv , Hithaish M.V.M.D , K.J Sujan S , G Bhavani , C.A Nikhil
Published: March 2024

Dimensional accuracy is one of the main key features for achieving the desired fit in fused deposition modeling (FDM). Printer tolerance and build orientation are the main challenges faced during the prototyping phase and hence there is a need for a method to calibrate the printer and the material being used that can serve as a guide to designing the clearances of mating parts. This paper presents the design and validation of a tolerance prototype and the study, which, with some analysis and data representation, gives the optimal solution. Hence, this can be used to compensate for the variations in dimensions while printing. A tolerance prototype model consisting of squares and circles of various dimensions is developed in Siemens NX 11.0 that tests the printer in three different orientations i.e., x-axis, y-axis and z-axis. FDM printers Accucraft i250 (heat bed type) and Flashforge (non-heat bed type) are used to print the prototype. The dimensions are measured with calipers to arrive at the dimensional correction templates that are further used to design and validate movable components.
Bio-sourced Hydroxyapatite is better bioactive than its synthetic grade: A comparative assessment of Ti and Zn doped Hydroxyapatite derived from Bio and synthetic sources
Authors: Acharjee Dalia , Samanta Sujan Krishna , Debnath Sourav , Roy Sukumar , Basak Piyali , Nandi Samit Kumar
Published: March 2024

To meet everyday food requirements with an ever-increasing population in the world, a huge amount of Eggshell waste is given rise everywhere from household kitchens to various food processing units. Eggshell contains a large amount of calcium compound. In this study, two different kinds of Hydroxyapatite (HAp), one from different laboratory reagents and the other one from eggshell have been synthesized. 3% Titanium and Zinc doped variants have also been made for both kinds of Hydroxyapatite. The prepared powder samples were calcined at 800°C and pellets were formed by applying pressure. A comparative analysis of these two different sourced products has been made by analyzing physical properties (Density, apparent porosity, hardness), a functional group study (FTIR). The elemental configuration of all materials was confirmed by the EDAX study. XRD analysis revealed the lattice parameters of the pure product has been suffered a little bit with the doping agents. SEM images showed a significant amount of porosity and nodular grains of HAp. Cytotoxic analysis and MTT assay established the non-toxic nature of all compounds, In vitro SBF study showed apatite layer formation above the pellet surfaces of different grades and Ti-doped samples gained the maximum amount of apatite.
Effect of Horizontal Tube Position on Wall-to-Bed Heat Transfer in Air-Solid Fluidized Bed of Large Particles
Authors: Byregowda Girish , Govindaswamy Ravindranath , Shivashankaran Vidyashankar
Published: March 2024

Fluidized beds are extensively used in a variety of industrial applications, such as heat recovery systems, coal combustion, and solid particle drying. The effect of the position of the heat transfer tube on heat transfer from a horizontal bare tube in a 150 mm square cross-section fluidized bed containing large particles, ragi, and mustard is investigated. The influence of varying fluidizing velocities on heat transport is also examined for a fixed bed height of the large particles. When the position of the tube from the distributor plate was increased in 0.028m increments from 0.52 m to 0.080 m and then to 0.108 m, the heat transfer coefficient was reduced. Due to enhanced fluidization, all bed heights yielded almost comparable heat transfer coefficient values at velocities exceeding 1 m/s, 170 and 160 W/m2K for ragi and mustard, respectively. The dependency of the heat transfer coefficient on fluidizing velocity is qualitatively like that of small particles. An error deviation of around 8.8% was found when comparing experimental heat transfer coefficient values to those predicted from empirical correlations in the published literature.
A Study to Determine Optimum Speed to Produce the High-Quality Castings for Al-17%Si Alloy in a Vertical Centrifugal Casting Machine
Authors: Tattimani Mahantesh S. , Maheswar C. Y. , Reddy Babu , Pujar Shivanand N.
Published: March 2024

The rotational speeds of moulds in a typical vertical centrifugal machine are found to greatly affect the resulting quality of cast tubes as seen through multiple parameters such as finishing texture strength etc. The dependence of the quality of mold on the speed can be attributed to the movement of molten metal, which in turn, is dictated by the speed of rotation. The present work is an effort to experimentally demonstrate this feature. The Alloy used in the work was Al-17%Si. The speeds of interest that were used for experimentation ranged from a minimum of 600 Revolutions Per Minute (RPM) to a maximum of 1200 Revolutions Per Minute (RPM). The results of the experiment were very affirmative towards the fact that the best quality can indeed be obtained for the said range of speeds. Further, a few experiments, beyond this range of speed, showed strikingly low-quality molds characterized by features such as coarse grain, low mechanical strength, and wear properties.
Stability Analysis of Overburden Dump Slope of Coal/ Mineral Mines: A Review
Authors: Geete Sumit S. , Singh Hemant K. , Singh T. N. , Dahale Prasad P.
Published: March 2024

Open-pit mining generates vast quantities of overburden waste material, which is piled up in the form of overburden dumps. Ensuring the stability of these dump slopes is a primary concern for the open-cast mining industry. Stability analysis is employed as a technique to calculate the factor of safety for these overburden dump slopes. This analysis relies on both the geometric and geotechnical characteristics of the dump. The stability of the slope is influenced by key factors such as bench height, bench width, and the number of benches. Factors such as pore pressure, permeability, degree of saturation, moisture content, and rainfall levels can induce instability in these overburden dump slopes. The shear strength of the material constituting the slope depends on both cohesion and the internal angle of friction. Since overburden dumps are composed of a heterogeneous mix of clay, silt, and rock fragments, employing small-scale direct shear tests or triaxial shear test setups might lead to underestimated or overestimated shear strength values for the dump material. To comprehend the heterogeneity of the overburden dump material, various sieve analysis techniques are utilized. The limit equilibrium method serves as the foundational approach for slope stability analysis. Additionally, probabilistic failure analysis and numerical analysis techniques such as the shear strength reduction method offer robust tools for assessing potential failure scenarios and determining critical factors of safety.
Tribological and Mechanical Properties of Al 6061/SiC/ GO Hybrid Composites Produced with Stir Casting
Authors: M. Bala Chennaiah  , G. Dilli Babu  , M. Sumalatha  , K. Dillip Kumar  , Rao T. Srinivasa
Published: March 2024

A constant prerequisite for technological advancement is the improvement of composite materials’ mechanical properties. In this study, stir casting was used to create hybrid Aluminium Matrix Composites (AMC). To enhance the mechanical properties, silicon carbide and graphite were used as reinforcement. AMC are made by adding different volume fractions of SiC (3%, 6%, 9% and 12%), whereas composites use a fixed volume fraction of graphite (5%). Mechanical Properties like Hardness, Tensile and wear characteristics of the manufactured AMC samples were evaluated. Under various loads 10N-40N and sliding velocities 0.6m/s-2.0 m/s the wear rate was calculated. The mechanical characteristics of manufactured AMCs are compared with Al 6061 alloy. From the experimental results, the addition of silicon carbide and graphite particles improve the mechanical characteristics. The wear rate increases with increase in applied load. However, sliding velocity surges up to 1.8 m/s before sharply declining.
Analysis and Optimization of Process Parameters of Powder Mixed Near Dry- EDM by using Grey Relational Optimization
Authors: . Ajit , Sundriyal Sanjay
Published: March 2024

The hybrid Electric Discharge Machine (PM-EDM) is the latest advancement in the removal of hard materials from workpieces while enhancing their performance and characteristics. This research project is focused on optimizing key process parameters, including material removal rate, tool wear, residual stresses, and surface finish. The approach utilized in this study involves employing the standard deviation-based objective weighting method in conjunction with GRA (Grey Relational Analysis) optimization to improve the hybrid PM-EDM process when applied to EN-31 material. Experimental runs were conducted to assess the impact of various input factors such as pulse on time, duty cycle, discharge current, and concentration of metallic powder. The GRA (Grey Relational Analysis)-based Taguchi method was employed for this purpose, and the experimental design followed an L-27 orthogonal array within the framework, facilitated by the use of minitab-20 software. A total of 27 experiments were conducted, encompassing diverse combinations of process parameters. Subsequently, an ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) was performed to scrutinize the impact of various inputs of discharge current, pulse on time, duty cycle, and powder concentration on MRR (Material Removal), TWR (Tool Wear), Ra (surface finish), and Rs (Residual stress).
The Proliferation of Unification Discussions and the 『Sedae』 Literary Persecution in 1964
Authors:   HUFS Institute of History and Culture, Kim Sangyeon
Published: March 2024

This article examines the historical context of the『Sedae』literary persecution, focusing on the discussion of unification. Until 1964, the year after the inauguration of the Park Chung-hee administration, there were limited discussions on unification, but the reunion of the Shingeumdan, which took place in the wake of the Tokyo Olympics, initiated the spread of the disappearing discussions about unification again. It was Hwang Yong-ju who raised a specific theory of unification along with the spread of unification discussions. Hwang Yong-ju was actively developing his national democracy through the monthly『Sedae』. His idea of a national democracy recognized Asian and African nationalism as an important factor for a democracy and included 'unification through modernization', his key slogan. As discussions on unification spread, anti-communist forces, including the Central Intelligence Agency, which believed that the current situation had risen to a form of a crisis in Korea, tried to scotch Hwang Yong-ju's theory of neutralization unification. The anti-communist forces thought that Hwang Yong-ju's theory of neutralization unification along with the circulating discussions of unification were contrary to the current policies. Through the questioning process at the National Assembly, Hwang Yong-ju's theory of neutralization unification emerged as an issue and expanded to the『Sedae』 literary persecution. In the end, when Hwang Yong-ju's theory of neutralization unification, which was an extension of the discussion about unification during the revolutionary period in April, resulted in the『Sedae』 literary persecution, the discussion about unification, was put on hold. Since then, the Park Chung-hee administration only showed a reduced perception of unification discussions and reaffirmed the existing limited unification theory. Discussions on unification became increasingly scarce in Korean society as only the regime-led unification theory was allowed within the reinforced anti-communism through the『Sedae』 literary persecution.
Bordering Democracies, Democratising Borders
Authors: Mogiani Marco
Published: March 2024

Over the past 30 years, border scholars have written extensively on what borders are, where they are located, and how they operate, not just to critically understand their changing role, but also to criticise and denounce their violence and discrimination. Yet borders continue to proliferate, in particular as a response to alleged crises affecting Europe. If borders have always constituted markers of social and cultural identity, the more recent process of European re-bordering, I argue, constitutes a challenge for the democratic system as a whole. Implemented by left-wing and right-wing parties alike, this process seems indeed to have been taken away from public discourse and treated as a technical necessity to solve the crises. Far from being neutral or non-political, however, it has disclosed new forms of racial discrimination, political and economic power, and colonial violence. In order to substantiate my argument, I will 1) provide a brief examination of the recent changes in the concept and practice of democracy, as well as their interrelations with the process of European re-bordering, 2) investigate the socio-political and economic conditions under which the current process of European re-bordering has come about, with particular attention to the increasing role of media and political discourses in shaping public opinion, and 3) discuss the repercussions of the process of European re-bordering on the democratic system. The article will conclude by inviting scholars, civil society members, and any interested party to open up a more open and democratic debate around the unequal and discriminatory practices of bordering.
Bordering Inclusion and Exclusion in the Discourses of Marine Le Pen and Eric Zemmour
Authors: Mozolevska Alina
Published: March 2024

This paper focuses on the discursive construction of borders and discourses of exclusion and inclusion in French right-wing populist discourse. It elaborates on the idea of the politicization of borders in contemporary political communication and their symbolic meaning as an expression of national sovereignty, security, and identity. Using the approach of discourse analysis, the author investigates how bordering discourses were employed by Marine Le Pen and Eric Zemmour during the 2022 presidential campaign. The empirical analysis focuses on the parties’ programs, candidates’ discourses, and their social media communication. This offers valuable insights into how political actors construct borders and shape ‘us’ and ‘them’ groups.

Keywords: populism, discourse analysis, borders, othering, inclusion, exclusion.
things I am sick of
Authors: Yerxa Jana-Rae
Published: March 2024

A poem.
Geoturismo no litoral do Piauí: entre o patrimônio natural e o construído
Authors: De Carvalho Baptista Elisabeth Mary , Viana da Silva Brenda Rafaele , De Souza Moura Liége
Published: March 2024

Este estudo tem por finalidade apresentar as possibilidades do Geoturismo no litoral do Piauí em face de seu Patrimônio natural e o Patrimônio construído a partir da geodiversidade. A metodologia empregada incluiu pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa documental, estudo cartográfico e levantamento fotográfico. Deste modo, o litoral piauiense se caracteriza por apresentar geodiversidade expressiva cujos elementos geológicos, geomorfológicos e hidrológicos, dentre outros, constituem seu Patrimônio natural, e o uso da geodiversidade implica no Patrimônio construído, com construtos históricos, religiosos, culturais e artísticos, localizados nos quatros municípios litorâneos piauienses e se configuram enquanto atrativos geoturísticos, constatado a partir dos estudos específicos identificados, projetando assim a viabilidade do desenvolvimento do Geoturismo na área. Entretanto, se faz necessário, ampliação das pesquisas a respeito da atividade geoturística e que sejam colocados em prática as ações apontadas nos estudos analisados, se utilizando, por exemplo, o mapa e/ou os roteiros geoturísticos sugeridos.
PENGARUH SUPERVISI KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN KONSEP DIRI TERHADAP DISIPLIN KERJA GURU PNS
Authors: Rochimah Heni , Rugaiyah Rugaiyah , Ahmad Masduki
Published: March 2024

The objectives of this reseach are to study about the effects principal supervision and self-concept on work discipline of teachers of Civil Servants in State Junior High School of Cilacap Regency, Central Java. The reaseach was conducted by survey method with path analysis technique. The population in this study were civil servant teachers in State Junior High School of Cilacap Regency, while the respondets were 143 teacher selected randomly. The results are as follows: (1) there is a direct positive effect of principal supervision on teacher work discipline; (2) there is a positive direct effect of self-concept on teacher work discipline, and (3) there is a direct positive effect of principal supervision on self concept. Therefore, improvement of the teacher work discipline should be improved by enhaching the implementation of principal supervision and working standard in the school.
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH, MOTIVASI KERJA, STRES KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA GURU SMA NEGERI KABUPATEN BIREUEN
Authors: Munawar
Published: March 2024

This study aims to address the problems of five proposed hypotheses, namely: 1) The direct effect of the principal's leadership on work motivation, 2) The direct effect of the principal's leadership on work stress, 3) The direct effect of the principal's leadership on teacher performance, 4) The direct effect of work motivation on performance, 5) The direct effect of work stress on performance. This study involved 270 Bireuen District High School teachers taken with Proportional Random Sampling techniques. The research instrument used a questionnaire with a Likert scale and research data processing was analyzed through SPSS and path analysis.The results showed (1) headmaster's leadership had a direct positive effect on work motivation (2) headmaster's leadership had a direct positive effect on work stress (3) headmaster's leadership had a direct positive effect on teacher performance (4) work motivation had a direct positive effect on performance ( 5) work stress has a direct positive effect on performance. The implications of the results of the study are explainedHeadmaster leadership, work motivation, job stress and job satisfaction have a direct positive effect on teacher performance. This shows that teacher performance can be improved by increasing the principal's leadership, work motivation, and work stress
Strategy For Increasing The Productivity Of PT. Intidi With Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) Method
Authors: Ramadhany Muhammad Faizal Alfaini , Wahyuni Hana Catur
Published: March 2024

PT. INTIDI is an industry engaged in the manufacture of concrete, the superior product is the u-ditch type. The casting process for making u-dich requires machine and manual handling by the workforce so that in the production process there are still facilities that can reduce labor productivity. The method used to increase labor productivity is Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM). The ISM method was chosen because this method is simple and easy to understand and this method is used for the most important elements that must be addressed. Based on this research, the key element variable of leadership commitment is included in level 1, which means that this variable is the key or most important variable that must be addressed first and these results can increase labor productivity.

Highlights :

Leadership Commitment as the key element variable in increasing labor productivity through ISM.

The simplicity and ease of understanding of ISM make it suitable for addressing critical aspects of U-Ditch concrete production.

Focusing on the most important variables, such as leadership commitment, helps improve overall efficiency and effectiveness in the manufacturing process.

Keywords - Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM), Increased Productivity, key element
Technology of Forming Roof Top Flowers: Basic Principles
Authors: Karimov
Published: March 2024

This scientific article rigorously investigates the formation of rooftop flowers, addressing key factors such as climate characteristics, construction requirements, rules, and drainage considerations. Employing a scientific and theoretical approach, the study delves into the technological aspects, including the filter layer and other relevant techniques. The goals encompass understanding the intricate relationship between rooftop vegetation and environmental factors. The research employs systematic methods to explore the theoretical underpinnings and practical implications of rooftop flower construction. Results highlight the significance of meticulous design, robust roof structures, efficient irrigation, suitable plant selection, and sustainable practices. The concluding remarks underscore the importance of these findings in enhancing both the aesthetic appeal and functionality of green rooftops, providing valuable insights for global researchers and practitioners in related fields.
Highlights:

Innovative Design: Meticulous design principles play a pivotal role in achieving visually appealing and environmentally beneficial rooftop flower formations.

Climate-Responsive Construction: The study emphasizes the significance of constructing rooftop gardens resilient to diverse climatic conditions, ensuring long-term viability and adaptability.

Effective Drainage Management: Successful implementation relies on optimized drainage systems, preventing water stagnation and safeguarding both the rooftop structure and the underlying environment.

Keywords:  Irrigation, Drainage, Rooftop Flowers, Green Roof Technology, Sustainable Urban Design
Abortion Indications According to Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health
Authors: Siregar Rospita Adelina
Published: March 2024

This normative juridical research scrutinizes Indonesia's legal framework surrounding abortion, juxtaposing the criminalization of abortion with the nuanced provisions of Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning health. The study focuses on Article 42, which permits abortion under specific indications such as fetal viability challenges and pregnancies resulting from rape. The primary legal materials are sourced from statutory regulations, with a supplementary examination of secondary legal materials. The research reveals the legal complexities surrounding abortion in Indonesia, shedding light on the delicate balance between criminal sanctions and legal protections. The implications of the findings extend to the broader discourse on reproductive rights and the evolving legal landscape.

Highlights:

Abortion Legislation in Indonesia: Balancing criminal sanctions and legal protections under Health Law Number 17 of 2023.

Indications and Protections: Analyzing specific indications like fetal viability challenges and rape pregnancies, shaping women's reproductive rights.

Normative Juridical Research: Utilizing primary and secondary legal materials to navigate the intricate legal landscape surrounding abortion in Indonesia.

Keywords: Abortion, Planning, Legal Protection
Physicochemical characterization of a lycopene-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticle formulation
Authors: Carvalho Gabriela Corrêa , Marena Gabriel Davi , Nascimento André Luiz Carneiro Soares do , Camargo Bruna Almeida Furquim , Sábio Rafael Miguel , Lourenço Felipe Rebello , Santos Hélder A. , Chorilli Marlus
Published: March 2024

Lycopene (LYC), a carotenoid extracted mainly from tomatoes, has several biological properties, making its use desirable as a nutraceutical and pharmaceutical active ingredient. Among its various applications vulvovaginal candidiasis stands out. However, the use of LYC in therapy has limitations related to its solubility and stability. In this study, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are used to load and protect LYC from degradation. The exact amount of drug incorporated was determined by analytical techniques, such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and thermal analysis. For this we developed and validated an HPLC method for LYC quantification and evaluated LYC impregnation in MSNs, followed by thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was also used in order to confirm drug incorporation. Additionally, an in vitro release study in simulated vaginal fluid was also carried out. The HPLC method was duly validated for the range of 26–125 µg/mL and proved to be suitable for LYC quantification. DSC measurements suggest an improvement in the stability of the impregnated drug, which was reinforced by the release assay. Overall, the developed method is suitable to quantify LYC-loaded porous materials enabling its use in vaginal applications.
The beneficial impact of Internet use on the mental well-being among adults aged ≥50 years in 23 countries
Authors: Zhang Qingpeng , Luo Yan , Yip Paul S.F.
Published: March 2024

As population aging and digital transformation continue worldwide, the Internet is playing an increasingly important role in addressing age-related mental health challenges. However, evidence on the relationship between Internet use and mental well-being among middle-aged and older adults across different countries is limited and inconsistent. Leveraging data from six aging cohorts across 23 high- and middle-income countries, we used linear mixed models and meta-analyses to examine the longitudinal association between baseline Internet use and subsequent mental health outcomes among adults aged ≥50 years (n=87,803). Independent of confounders, Internet use was associated with fewer depressive symptoms (pooled β = -0.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.12 to -0.07), higher life satisfaction (pooled β = 0.06, 95% CI = 0.03 to 0.09), and better self-reported health (pooled β = 0.15, 95% CI = 0.13 to 0.17). Cross-national differences in the beneficial effect of Internet use were observed and could be partially explained by country-level factors, such as gross domestic product per capita and world happiness index. The protective role of Internet use varied in different subpopulations within a country and was identified across people with different genetic risks. A higher frequency and an additional wave of Internet use were also related to improved mental health. These findings could provide significant implications for public health policies and practices in promoting mental well-being in later life through the Internet. Internet use can provide great benefits for mental health of older adults, especially in countries with limited Internet access and mental health services.
Carbon enrichment enhances photosynthetic efficiency of yam bean (Pachyrhizus erosus L.) under low light conditions
Authors: Ravi Velumani , Pushpaleela Ancy , Raju Saravanan , Gangadharan Byju , More Sanket J.
Published: March 2024

Physiological responses and agricultural crop fecundity are significantly impacted due to contrasting sky conditions. Here we report the impact of the combined effect of varying photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and elevated carbon dioxide on the photosynthetic responses of yam bean. We found that limited PPFD down-regulated the photosynthetic activity whereas the fertilization effect of CO2 enrichment alleviated the negative impact of limiting PPFD. The mean photosynthetic rates increased linearly and significantly across PPFD. Notably, the quantum of increment of mean photosynthetic rate across increasing PPFD was significantly higher at 600 and 800 ppm CO2 in comparison to 400 ppm and 1000 ppm due to the acclimation effect of carbon enrichment at 1000 ppm. Irrespective of the PPFD, the mean stomatal conductance (gs) rate remained high at 600, 800 and 1000 ppm in comparison to 400 ppm. As a general trend, at all CO2 levels, the mean gs increased significantly up to 50-1000 µmol m− 2 s− 1 PPFD followed by a slight down-regulation at 1200–1500 µmol m− 2 s− 1 PPFD. A similar trend was observed in the case of intracellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) and the ratio of intercellular to ambient CO2 concentration (Ci/Ca). As an effect of CO2 fertilization, the mean transpiration rate (E) increased linearly and significantly across all PPFD and CO2 concentrations. Our results suggest that the down-regulated photosynthesis of yam bean under cloudy conditions or limited PPFD will benefit from ECO2.
The Attitudes and Knowledge of Family Physicians Regarding Malnutrition in The Elderly: A Call for Action
Authors: Sheffer-Hilel Galia , Kachal Josefa , Biderman Aya , Shahar Danit Rivka , Amar Shimon
Published: March 2024

Background
Malnutrition in the elderly places a significant burden on healthcare, social, and aged-care systems, yet it often remains undiagnosed and untreated. This study aims to evaluate family physicians' knowledge and attitudes towards the diagnosis and treatment of malnutrition in the elderly.
Methods
Based on a literature review, an online questionnaire was developed, comprised of seven knowledge-related items and eight attitude-related questions regarding malnutrition in elderly populations. We also assessed the feasibility of including two malnutrition screening questions in regular clinic visits for individuals aged ≥ 70 years.
Results
Surveys were completed by 126 physicians (35% response rate), mean age 47.2 ± 12.6 years; 15.6 ± 12.5 years of practice; 67% females; and 92% board-certified family physicians. Moreover, 77.6% agreed that diagnosing malnutrition is important in patients with decreased appetite. Most respondents demonstrated knowledge of nutritional screening principles (63.5%) and recognized that even obese elderly individuals could be malnourished (83.2%). There was partial agreement (60%) that normal BMI values in the elderly differ from those in younger populations. Almost complete agreement was seen for incorporating two nutritional status questions in medical visits (91%), with physicians expressing willingness to receive training in malnutrition identification and screening tools. Despite challenges such as time constraints and limited knowledge, participants were open to conducting biannual malnutrition risk screening for elderly patients.
Conclusion
We therefore recommend malnutrition diagnosis based on the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria and utilizing existing medical records, into primary care practices. This could be further enhanced through artificial intelligence, increasing awareness of malnutrition among family physicians.
Predictors factors of COVID-19-associated mortality in dialysis patients: Importance of nutritional status
Authors: Russo Nathalia Giugliano , Gabriel Bárbara Bárbara Pacheco , Gouveia Juliana Venanzi , Rodrigues Ana Lúcia Chalhoub Chediác , Machado Silmara Rodrigues , Severine Ariane Nadolskis , Luders Claudio , Junior José Mauro Vieira
Published: March 2024

Background
Patients with comorbidities, such as chronic renal disease, are susceptible to severe COVID-19 infection. Dialysis patients have a high prevalence of malnutrition, and it has been demonstrated association between nutritional status and several unfavorable outcomes in this population. The aim of this study was to assess nutritional status through Malnutrition-Inflammation Score (MIS) and phase angle (PhA), along with demographic and biochemical indicators and verify whether they are predictive variables of outcomes in dialysis patients with COVID-19 infection.
Methods
An observational, retrospective, cross sectional type study was undertaken in a Nephrology and Dialysis center in a tertiary hospital at São Paulo city. We evaluated data from EMR from 37 dialysis patients who had COVID-19 infection (RT-PCR) between march 2020 and december 2021. A Logistic regression was used in order to evaluate risk factors associated with mortality. Then we compared with a cohort of 31 dialysis patients infected with COVID-19 in the post-vaccionation period.
Results
Regarding MIS, age, and phase angle (PhA), we observed that for each unit increase in MIS previously to COVID-19 infection, there was a 30% increase in mortality risk (adj OR = 1.3, CI 1.0-1.8, p = 0.068) and that patients above 65 years had 8 times higher chance to die (adj OR = 8.8, CI 0.8–102, p = 0.082). Yet, for each unit increase in PhA, there was a 50% decrease in death risk (adj OR = 0.5, IC 0.2–1.1, p = 0.097), although no significance was found after logistic regression. After immunization, we found a attenuation of impact of nutritional status after COVID-19 infection, as demonstrated by a small, non-significant increase in MIS score, and with a low hospitalization need and no death.
Conclusions
The present study demonstrated a trend that age is the main variable determining outcomes of COVID-19 infection in dialysis patients. Besides that, we demonstrated the importance of nutritional status (MIS e PhA), since it appears to increase mortality risk when baseline nutritional status is worse and compromised after the COVID-19 infection, which was clearly abrogated with vaccination.
Major alteration of Lung Microbiome and the Host Reaction in critically ill COVID-19 Patients with high viral load
Authors: Bustos Ingrid G. , Wiscovitch-Russo Rosana , Singh Harinder , Sievers Benjamín L. , Matsuoka Michele , Freire Marcelo , Tan Gene S. , Cala Mónica P. , Guerrero Jose L. , Martin-Loeches Ignacio , Gonzalez-Juarbe Norberto , Reyes Luis Felipe
Published: March 2024

Background
Patients with COVID-19 under invasive mechanical ventilation are at higher risk of developing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), associated with increased healthcare costs, and unfavorable prognosis. The underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon have not been thoroughly dissected. Therefore, this study attempted to bridge this gap by performing a lung microbiota analysis and evaluating the host immune responses that could drive the development of VAP.
Materials and methods
In this prospective cohort study, mechanically ventilated patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled. Nasal swabs (NS), endotracheal aspirates (ETA), and blood samples were collected initially within 12 hours of intubation and again at 72 hours post-intubation. Plasma samples underwent cytokine and metabolomic analyses, while NS and ETA samples were sequenced for lung microbiome examination. The cohort was categorized based on the development of VAP. Data analysis was conducted using RStudio version 4.3.1.
Results
In a study of 36 COVID-19 patients on mechanical ventilation, significant differences were found in the nasal and pulmonary microbiome, notably in Staphylococcus and Enterobacteriaceae, linked to VAP. Patients with VAP showed a higher SARS-CoV-2 viral load, elevated neutralizing antibodies, and reduced inflammatory cytokines, including IFN-δ, IL-1β, IL-12p70, IL-18, IL-6, TNF-α, and CCL4. Metabolomic analysis revealed changes in 22 metabolites in non-VAP patients and 27 in VAP patients, highlighting D-Maltose-Lactose, Histidinyl-Glycine, and various phosphatidylcholines, indicating a metabolic predisposition to VAP.
Conclusions
This study reveals a critical link between respiratory microbiome alterations and ventilator-associated pneumonia in COVID-19 patients, with elevated SARS-CoV-2 levels and metabolic changes, providing novel insights into the underlying mechanisms of VAP with potential management and prevention implications.
Response of biochar-amended clayey soils to water infiltration
Authors: Li Juan , Shen Jianglong , Ye Shenglan
Published: March 2024

Biochar is an effective clayey raw soils improver. The difference of the amount of biochar added will cause the difference of soil water infiltration. The effects of mass addition ratios of five types of biochar (B0, B5, B10, B15 and B20) on the migration distance of soil wet front, cumulative infiltration and water holding capacity were studied through laboratory soil column simulation experiments. The soil water infiltration process was simulated as well with R2of 0.992, using Philip model, Horton model and Kostiakov model, respectively. The results demonstrate that the initial infiltration rate, stable infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration volume decrease with the increase of biochar addition and provide a reference of biochar utilization to improve soil hydraulic properties and moisture infiltration performance of clayey raw soils.
Prognostic value of anticoagulants in resectable gastric cancer
Authors: Wei Yanqiang , Li Wenxing , Lin Jinhe , Wang Danfang , Dang Chengxue , Diao Dongmei , Zhang Xin
Published: March 2024

Background: The safety and feasibility of perioperative anticoagulation remains unclear and controversial. In this study, we aim to explored whether postoperative anticoagulation can improve long-term survival in patients undergoing radical gastrectomy.
Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 1486 patients diagnosed with primary gastric cancer (GC) and undergoing radical resection in our medical center between January 2015 and February 2018. Patients were grouped into anticoagulation group and non-anticoagulation group based on postoperative anticoagulant therapy, and clinicopathological features were collected and compared. The correlation between parameters and survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and univariate and multivariate COX regression models. Forest plots were constructed based on subgroup analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis.
Results: Among the 1486 patients, 513 (34.5%) received postoperative anticoagulation therapy. In multivariate survival analysis, non-anticoagulation significantly reduced overall survival (OS), but not disease-free survival (DFS). Furthermore, elevated plasma CEA, CA19-9, lower erythrocyte and lymphocyte counts, and advanced N stage were also shown to be independent poor prognostic factors for OS, and they were also independent prognostic factors for DFS, in addition to lymphocyte counts.
Conclusions: Anticoagulation therapy after radical gastrectomy can significantly improve the OS of GC patients.
Factors Associated and Immediate Adverse Neonatal Outcomes of Primary Cesarean Section among Multiparous Mothers Delivered at Lira Regional Referral Hospital: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Omiat Denis Dickson , Kasujja Musa , Okello Maxwel , Okilipa Moses Emokol , Eilu Emmanuel , Okello James
Published: March 2024

Title:
Factors Associated and Immediate Adverse Neonatal Outcomes of Primary Cesarean Section among Multiparous Mothers Delivered at Lira Regional Referral Hospital: A Cross-sectional Study.
Introduction:
The increasing prevalence of primary cesarean sections (CSs) among multiparous mothers has sparked substantial concern within the medical community. This study investigated the prevalence, associated factors, and immediate adverse neonatal outcomes of primary CS among multiparous mothers, with a focus on patients who delivered at Lira Regional Referral Hospital (LRRH).
Methods
Data were gathered from 321 multiparous mothers who gave birth at LRRH using an extensive research methodology. This study utilized both methodical medical record reviews and structured interviews to gather information on sociodemographic traits, obstetric history, and immediate neonatal outcomes. By using both bivariate and multivariate analyses, this research examined the variables that affect the probability of primary CS.
Results
The prevalence of primary CS among multiparous mothers was determined to be 22%. Fetal malpresentation (25.8%) and unsatisfactory fetal heart rate tracing (24.6%) emerged as the primary reasons for primary CS. This study revealed immediate adverse neonatal outcomes in 29.6% of patients, including low Apgar scores (54.6%) and neonatal intensive care unit admissions (36.4%). Significant associations were identified between primary CS and factors including marital status, history of hypertension, and history of diabetes mellitus.
Conclusion
This study provides vital insights into the prevalence, associated factors, and immediate adverse neonatal outcomes of primary CS among multiparous mothers at LRRH. The findings underscore the need for informed decision-making in obstetric care, aiming to reduce primary CS rates and enhance neonatal well-being.
Machine-Learning-guided recognition of α and β cells from label-free infrared micrographs of living human islets of Langerhans
Authors: Azzarello Fabio , Carli Francesco , De Lorenzi Valentina , Tesi Marta , Marchetti Piero , Beltram Fabio , Raimondi Francesco , Cardarelli Francesco
Published: March 2024

Human islets of Langerhans are composed mostly of glucagon-secreting α cells and insulin-secreting β cells intermingled throughout the islet with no clear order of distribution. Current methods for identifying α and β cells involve either fixing islets and using immunostaining or disaggregating islets and employing flow cytometry for classifying α and β cells based on their size and autofluorescence. Neither approach, however, allows investigating the dynamic behavior of α and β cells in a living and intact islet. To tackle this issue, we present a machine-learning-based strategy applied directly to label-free infrared micrographs of living human islets. Intrinsic autofluorescence is stimulated by infrared light and collected both in intensity and lifetime in the visible range, dominated by NAD(P)H and lipofuscin signals. Descriptive parameters are derived from micrographs for ~ 103 cells. These parameters are used as input for a boosted decision-tree model (XGBoost) pre-trained with immunofluorescence-derived cell-type information. The model displays an optimized-metrics performance of 0.86 (i.e. area under a ROC curve), with an associated precision of 0.94 for the recognition of β cells and 0.75 for α cells. This tool promises to enable longitudinal studies on the dynamic behavior of individual cell types at single-cell resolution within the intact tissue.