bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Enemy with Human Face? Rehumanization of the Images of Americans in the Soviet Thaw Cinema
Authors:   Herzen University, Riabov Oleg
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The article focuses on the changes that happened in the portrayal of U.S. characters in Soviet Thaw cinema. The contribution of the article in the field of cultural Cold War is threefold: for the first time, it studies the American characters’ images through the prism of the concept of rehumanization; establishes common and particular traits of deconstruction of the image of the enemy in Soviet and American cinema; and introduces new materials into scientific circulation. The materials consist of the movies on which Soviet cinematography worked in the early 1960s; reviews in film magazines; and archival data of discussions on movies and their scenarios that took place in film studios. Analysis. Specifics of the dehumanization of ‘enemy number one’ in Soviet cinema. The Soviet anti-Americanism was based on the idea of ‘two Americas’: dehumanization has been subjected only to class and politically alien Americans. Deconstructing the image of the enemy in Thaw cinema. Humanizing U.S. characters was achieved with the help of endowing them with kindness, empathy, creativity, emotionality, moral behavior, ability for love, friendship, and comradeship, emphasizing the similarity of the basic values of ‘us’ and ‘them’, and demonstrating the possibility of peaceful coexistence through cases of mutual aid, cooperation, and the occurrence of friendly and romantic relations. The humanness of U.S. characters becomes less dependent on political factors. The cinema expressed the idea that man by nature was good, and this original human goodness was noticeable most of all in children, including American ones. The limits of rehumanization. The conservative part of the Soviet elite accused ‘abstract humanism’ of forgetting the class principle and juxtaposed it to ‘revolutionary humanism’. Criticism of ‘abstract humanism’ in ideology was accompanied by a tightening of demands for representing America that representatives of the Soviet controlling bodies made. Results. In the 1960s, Soviet cinema (just like U.S. cinema) had the tendency of deconstructing the image of ‘enemy number one’, which took the form of rehumanization. The rehumanization had its limitations.
Turkey’s Relations with the Countries of Latin America and the Caribbean in the 21st Century: In Search of Strategic Autonomy
Authors:   HSE University, Sherstyukov Sergey
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Turkey’s search for a new regional and global role in a changing world order has increased Ankara’s attention to the Global South, which was peripheral to its foreign policy priorities during the Cold War. Although Ankara’s growing engagement and influence in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region has attracted increasing attention from the research community, Turkey’s foreign policy in this region is still poorly understood. This article attempts to explore Turkey’s policy in LAC during the first decades of the 21st century, placing it in the context of Turkey’s increasing desire for “strategic autonomy.” Methods. The author used a case study approach to analyze Turkey’s policy in LAC. Results. After the Justice and Development Party came to power in Turkey in 2002, Turkey began a systematic effort to develop relations with LAC, expanding political, economic, and cultural ties with countries in the region. Since the July 2016 coup attempt in Turkey, Turkey’s foreign policy has been increasingly guided by the desire for “strategic autonomy.” Growing mistrust and conflicts in Turkey’s relations with the U.S. and the EU have increased Ankara’s interest in seeking alternative partnerships and building situational alliances. Although Ankara’s growing ties with LAC countries (especially Brazil, Mexico, and Argentina) increase the autonomy of its foreign policy, Turkey remains critically dependent on the West, both economically and in terms of security.
EU and Latin America Security Cooperation: History and Evolution
Authors:   HSE University, Kutyrev Georgy
Published: March 2024

Introduction. This article aims to analyze the process of security cooperation between the European Union and countries in Latin America from the perspective of historical institutionalism and the methodological tools proposed by the Copenhagen School. The author covers the main stages of the development of relations between these two regions, starting with early initiatives in the field of political and economic support and moving towards deeper cooperation in the field of security. Methods. The main theoretical and methodological support of this study is historical neo-institutionalism, which focuses attention on the role of institutional choices made earlier in the historical past, i.e., the “path dependence” principle. The research uses the sector-specific approach to security analysis developed by the Copenhagen School. Analysis and results. In the historical context, three main stages can be distinguished in the development of relations between the EU and the countries of the LCA in the field of security. The first bipolar stage (1945–1991) was characterized mainly by political and economic support from the United States and NATO as the main structure of regional security. Relations between the EU and Latin American countries at this time were sporadic, largely complicated by multiple crises within Latin American countries. However, in the 1960s, relations in the fields of economic cooperation and economic security began to be built between the regions. In the conditions of the second stage, post-bipolar (1991–2014), the concept of strategic partnership begins to be actively developed between regions, not only in the economic but also in the political and military spheres. Also, the EU, trying to simultaneously institutionally build its own security policy and the European army, began to conduct peacekeeping operations during this period with varying success (since 2003). The current stage (from 2014 to present) is characterized by growing contradictions between Russia, Ukraine, and the collective West, consolidated around the United States, as well as the destruction of the newly created post-bipolar regional security system. The LCA countries, which are afraid of being drawn into a conflict, are trying to develop their own course in the field of security policy.
“A Russian Journal” by John Steinbeck and Robert Capa: “Us” and “Them” in Photographs
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Davydova Olga
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of the images of “us” and “them” in the photographs of Robert Capa on the pages of “A Russian Journal,” the text of which belongs to John Steinbeck. Containing both explicit and implicit markers of otherness, this text is an early example of nascent Cold War discourse. Methods and materials. Using methods of media and visual studies as well as photograph theory, the author of the article considers “A Russian Journal” as a single media text. Its specificity lies in the interaction of two media within it: visual (photo) and verbal (text). Analysis. The author of the article traces how the meaning of the images arises from their connection with text and how the presence of the images affects the whole narrative of “A Russian Journal.” The photographs here function on two levels. First, they certify the sincerity of the writer, as Capa is represented as an observer, and the very function of the photograph-document is informational. Second, the very presence of a camera is considered a threat and means power. The photographs construct the meaning of reality and implicitly become an instrument to reveal the differences between the two powers, the USSR and the USA. Results. The photographs, as a discursive element of “A Russian Journal,” mark an insurmountable barrier between the two countries. The specifics of photographic media and the discourse built around this media influence the creation of the image of the “other”, which turns out to be a potentially dangerous “alien”.
“Storm Center”: Mccarthyism in American Culture and Cinema
Authors:   Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Yudin Kirill
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The article is devoted to the consideration of McCarthyism as one of the leading factors that influenced the cultural policy and politics of memory in the United States throughout the entire period of the Cold War. Methods and materials. The ways of representing the atmosphere of conservative ideological control in the United States in the films of the 1950’s – 2010’s are explored. Films are considered media texts, and the images contained in them are considered symbolic resources used to form and transform a collective identity, legitimize power, its control, and repressive technologies and practices – social mobilization, politicization of everyday life, censorship, and segregation into “their” and “strangers.” Analysis. In the course of the historical and imagological analysis, a conditional typology of potential agents of McCarthyism is made. The following are distinguished: institutional conformist careerists, administrators; “soft” conformists – failed oppositionists to political pressure; indoctrinated representatives of mass culture, demonstrating the active complicity of the authorities in imposing ideological labels and encouraging spy mania and exposure. Results. Conclusions are drawn that McCarthyism has become a form of anti-Americanism, moral corrosion, and commemorative trauma in American society, the result of the escalation of the cultural, ideological, and mental “storm,” producing a state of intolerance not only to the image of the enemy but also to the Other as a whole. This required more than half a century of overcoming and purifying in the media space.
Fearful Attachment and Suicide Probability: The Mediating Role of Psychological Symptoms on Medical School Students
Authors: Tunç Abdullah , Bulut Meryem Berrin
Published: March 2024

The mediating role of psychological symptoms in the relationship between fearful attachment and suicide probability was examined. The data were obtained from 192 medical school students. Adult Attachment Styles Scale, Suicide Probability Scale, and Symptom Check List 90R were used to collect the data. Correlation analysis was utilized to examine the relationships between variables, and the mediating role was determined using the bootstrapping method. Findings showed significant relationships between fearful attachment, psychological symptoms, and suicide probability. Moreover, the fearful attachment was associated with increased psychological symptoms and suicide probability. Psychological symptoms were associated with increased suicide probability. Furthermore, psychological symptoms mediated the relationship between fearful attachment and suicide probability. Psychological symptoms are critical in the relationship between fearful attachment and suicide probability. The current research adds to our knowledge of suicide probability by investigating fearful attachment and psychological symptoms. Besides, it underlies and contributes to the antecedents of suicide probability.
Examination of Psychological Counselor Candidates’ Views of Using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in Individual Psychological Counseling: A Q Methodology Approach
Authors: Karabacak Çelik Aynur
Published: March 2024

Individual Psychological Counseling Practicum is an applied course in which Guidance and Psychological Counseling undergraduate senior students have an opportunity to have a practical experience with an actual client in Turkey. In the course, the theoretical approaches chosen by the counselors and their views on this approach may affect their attitudes towards the practicum process and their experiences. Therefore, the current study aims to determine the opinions of guidance and psychological counseling senior students who took the course Individual Psychological Counseling Practicum about using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in individual psychological counseling with the Q-methodology approach. For this purpose, 33 senior undergraduate students participated in the current study, taking the Individual Psychological Counseling Practicum-2 course in Atatürk University. The research utilized Q-statements crafted by the researcher along with a Q-sort comprising 18 sentences ranging from -3 to +3, facilitating forced placement, as the data collection instrument. Results showed that the opinions of the counselor candidates about the use of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy were gathered in a single dimension, which indicates a positive attitude.
The Mediating Role of Cognitive Flexibility in the Relationship between Intolerance of Uncertainty and Subjective Well-Being in High School Students during the COVID 19 Pandemic
Authors: Buyruk Genç Arzu
Published: March 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic brought some uncertain and new changes in life patterns. These changes have had psychological effects on high school students as well as in all age groups. This study aimed to examine the mediating role of cognitive flexibility between intolerance of uncertainty and subjective well-being in high school students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants of the study consisted of 437 high school students (234 females and 203 males) in Turkey. They completed measures of intolerance of uncertainty, cognitive flexibility, and adolescent subjective well-being. The hypothetical model developed in order to determine whether cognitive flexibility mediates in the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and subjective well-being was tested through Structural Equation Modeling. The results of the study revealed that intolerance of uncertainty had a significant direct effect on subjective well-being. Cognitive flexibility partially mediated the association between intolerance of uncertainty and subjective well-being for the high school students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Practitioners can create psychoeducational programs to decrease intolerance of uncertainty and increase the cognitive flexibility levels of the students. The practitioners can apply these programs to high school students.
Perspective: Ultrastructural Origins of Bone Fragility
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle San Antonio, TX 78249, USA, Samuel Jitin , Khanna Rohit ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle San Antonio, TX 78249, USA, Wang Xiaodu ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
Published: March 2024

Bone fragility fractures due to deteriorated tissue quality are a major healthcare concern in the healthcare of elderly who are at particularly high risk of bone fractures. Thus, identifying and treating patients at risk is critical in sustaining a healthy life style for the elderly.
The Use of Botulinum Toxin-A for Neck Pain
Authors:   Kuwait Institute for Medical Specialization (KIMS), P.O. Box 1160, Surra 45712, Kuwait, Alobaid Abdulrazzaq
Published: March 2024

Botulinum Toxin Type-A (BoNT-A) is widely used and has been approved in the field of facial esthetic as well as in some neurological conditions. Its neurotoxin protein produced by bacteria called Clostridium botulinum as this two chain protein blocks the acetylcholine release at the NMJ through its action of the SNARE proteins which by this will temporarily inhibit striatal muscle contraction. There are different commercially available preparations like; OnabotulinumtoxinA (BOTOX®), AbobotulinumtoxinA (Dysport®), and RimabotulinumtoxinB (Myobloc®).
Glucocorticoid Induced Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis Alterations Associated with Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism
Authors:   A.T. Still University, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Mesa, Arizona, USA, Mahabadi Navid , Doucet Ashley ,   A.T. Still University, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Mesa, Arizona, USA, Lun Wong Andrew ,   Division of Rheumatology, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, California, USA, Mahabadi Vahid ,   Division of Endocrinology, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, California, USA
Published: March 2024

Since the existence of cortisol in 1930 to current multiple formulations of glucocorticoids, it has been one of the most widespread medications to use for the treatment of simple to serious maladies. Glucocorticoids have gained unprecedented importance in treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, with one study conducted between 1998-2008 signifying that 1.2% of Americans over the age of 20 were at one point on glucocorticoid therapy, accounting for approximately 2.5 million Americans over the course of a decade. In this brief review, we focused on consequences of glucocorticoid therapy on alteration of sex steroids mainly in men with subsequent low libido, fatigue, erectile dysfunction, loss of muscle mass, increasing adipose tissue and osteoporosis. Effects of glucocorticoids appraised, based on current and available evidence at the level of the hypothalamus and pituitary, could cause alteration on the adipocyte-kisspeptin-gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-luteinizing hormone (LH)-follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) axis, especially with long-term use. The resultant hypogonadism occurs by suppression of GnRH-receptors, GnRH, LH, and FSH. Hypogonadism in patients with rheumatological diseases has multiple reasons, one of which is functional due to current illness and alteration in cytokines and inflammatory markers, and the other is a consequence of glucocorticoid therapy, which in either situation treatment of hypogonadism may improve quality of life and prevent complications of hypogonadism.
Non-Invasive Treatment for Adhesive Capsulitis Not Helped by Physical Therapy: A Case Study in Manipulative Medicine
Authors:   Medical Director, Lake Minnetonka Mobile Wellness, Minnetonka, MN 55305, USA and Physiology Professor, Minnesota State Colleges and Universities, Minnesota, USA, Strandberg Jason
Published: March 2024

This case documents the treatment of a middle-aged woman with chronic, unresponsive adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) using manipulation, active release therapy, and electronic acupuncture. She had not responded to typical physical therapy but did respond to active release therapy along with adjunctive manipulation and acupuncture. In our course of treatment we wanted to see if we could significantly improve pain-free range of motion and normal; function without using invasive treatments like surgery and manipulation under anesthesia. Over a course of five weeks, using a soft tissue manipulation technique known as active release technique along with electrified acupuncture and home exercises, we were able to increase her range of motion to near normal and her function to normal. She was not forced to miss any work because of the treatment and can now do all the things she needs to do for work.
Regression Models of the Ultrasound Score of Madrid Sonographic Enthesis Index in Patients with Spondyloarthritis
Authors:   Department of Rheumatology, Hospital General Universitario, Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real 13005, Spain, Castro-Corredo David , Calvo-Pascual Luis Á. ,   Department of Quantitative Methods, ICADE, Universidad Pontificia de Comillas, Madrid 28015, Spain, Ramírez-Huaranga Marco A. ,   Department of Rheumatology, Hospital General Universitario, Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real 13005, Spain, Paulino-Huertas Marcos A. ,   Department of Rheumatology, Hospital General Universitario, Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real 13005, Spain
Published: March 2024

Background Machine learning regression models are built by minimizing the generalization error in the prediction while avoiding overfitting. These techniques enhance the models and forecasts of earlier medical research by achieving greater accuracy than traditional econometric techniques. Objectives To predict the Madrid Sonographic Enthesis Index (MASEI) in spondyloarthritis (SpA) patients using the best predictor variables, including disease activity and other factors. Methods There were cross-sectional, descriptive, and observational investigations conducted. We gathered data from 24 SpA patients who received treatment in our clinics from May 2021 to September 2021 and underwent musculoskeletal ultrasonography utilizing the MASEI. Using F-tests and mutual information, we narrowed down the variables to the most important ones. Finally, we used machine learning to estimate a few regression models. Results The predictor variables with higher values in the feature selection tests explaining the MASEI are activity, Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS), corticosteroids, enthesophytes, and male sex. The most accurate regression model was the Support Vector Machine model (R-squared=0.81 in validation). Since this model is a black box, we also computed a classical linear regression (R-Squared=0.60 in validation) because it provides an explicit model given by: MASEI=-4.02+2,75 Enthesofites+4.838 ASDAS. Conclusion To date, the correlation between MASEI and disease activity in patients with SpA were known. In order to further examine this relationship, we predicted two regressive models to forecast the MASEI index: a classical linear regression model and a Support Vector Machine model with the lowest estimated Root Mean Square Error among 32 alternative machine learning models.
Echinacoside ameliorates hepatic fibrosis and tumor invasion in rats with thioacetamide-induced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Albalawi Ajwan Z , Alatawi Areej S , Al-Atwi Shekha M , Alhwyty Lama S , Alharbi Kadi M , Alshehri Shahad A , Almarwani Wasayf A , Aljohani Khulud K , Hassan Hanan M , Al-Gayyar Mohammed M H
Published: March 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) affects approximately 800,000 individuals globally each year. Despite advancements in HCC treatments, there is still a pressing need to identify new drugs that can combat resistance. One potential option is echinacoside, a natural caffeic acid glycoside with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, and antidiabetic properties. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the ability of echinacoside to exhibit antitumor activity against HCC in rats through ameliorating hepatic fibrosis and tumor invasion. Rats were given thioacetamide to induce HCC, and some were given 30 mg/kg of echinacoside twice a week for 16 weeks. The liver impairment was assessed by measuring serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) and examining liver sections stained with Masson trichrome or anti-transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 antibodies. The hepatic expression of mRNA and protein levels of TGF-β1, β-catenin, SMAD4, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), connective tissue growth factor 2 (CCN2), E-Cadherin, platelets derived growth factor (PDGF)-B and fascin were also analyzed. Echinacoside improved the survival rate of rats by decreasing serum AFP and the number of hepatic nodules. Examination of micro-images indicated that echinacoside can reduce fibrosis. It also significantly decreased the expression of TGF-β1, β-catenin, SMAD4, MMP9, PI3K, mTOR, CCN2, PDGF-B, and fascin while enhancing the expression of E-Cadherin. In conclusion, echinacoside exhibits a protective effect against HCC by increasing survival rates and decreasing tumor growth. It also acts as an inhibitor of the hepatic tissue fibrosis pathway by reducing the expression of TGF-β1, β-catenin, SMAD4, PI3K, CCN2, PDGF-B and mTOR. Additionally, it prevents tumor invasion by suppressing MMP9 and fascin, and increasing the expression of E-Cadherin.
Rapid Sequencing gDNA Barcoding RBK2004 v2
Authors: Carlos Goller Carlos , Sjogren Carly
Published: March 2024

This protocol has been adapted from Oxford Nanopore Technologies. You have isolated, purified, and quantified DNA from your bacterial isolate. You have also worked with your bacterium and grown in the presence of different carbon sources and pH levels to characterize its properties using Biolog GEN3 plates. Now, we can sequence the DNA of your isolate using long-read sequencing and Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) MinION. With the genetic sequences we obtain, we will attempt to assemble the genome of this organism and explore its genomic potential! The MinION sequencer from Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) will allow us to sequence genomic DNA using a flow cell with hundreds of nanopores. The DNA will be passed through the pores, and changes in current will be interpreted as bases (“base calling”). After performing quality control to remove low-quality sequences, we will assemble the sequences to create contigs and scaffolds with the goal of exploring the genome of your isolates. Created with BioRender.com. After completing this lab you will gain the following lab skills: Lab safety and proper personal protective equipment (PPE) Pipetting with micropipettes Preparing sequencing libraries for the ONT MinION
Strawberry Hermit Crabs & Pisonia Leaves v1
Authors: Welter Marcella , Louise Gibbs-Zehnder Eva , Osborn Kat , Andico Murphy Melissa
Published: March 2024

The Strawberry Hermit Crab experiment is useful to understand more about the repercussions of nutrient depletion on motus in Tetiaroa with invasive species- particularly Tiaraunu and Tahuna Iti. With the understanding of the crab species' eating habits, we can determine how nutrients are cycling within a certain area. However, the study was inconclusive and did not convey a significant preference for nutrient rich leaves.
Interoperable communication for autonomous mobile robots
Authors: Zager Marvin , Worpenberg Christian , Sieber Christoph , Vieira da Silva Luis Miguel , Grebner Tobias , Fay Alexander
Published: March 2024

The deployment of teams of autonomous mobile robots provides potential by leveraging the strengths of individual robots and compensating for their disadvantages. This makes them particularly well suited to carrying out complex scenarios for logistics, environmental monitoring or search and rescue. However, the success of such teams relies on achieving seamless interoperability among differing robots. In the area of the Internet of Robotic Things (IoRT),  addressing this interoperability challenge becomes paramount. Therefore, an interoperable communication concept is introduced that considers interoperability based  on semantic, syntactic, and technical clusters. It is designed to meet the specific requirements of multimodal  autonomous mobile robots. Based on legal considerations, this method enables the integration and collaboration of  different autonomous mobile robots in real-life  applications. A logistics scenario involving multiple  autonomous mobile robots illustrates the applicability of this interoperable communication concept.
DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVE PATENT FINGERPRINT USING ALCOHOL GEL AND THERMAL PAPER
Authors: Chelladurai Chialeexian , Hamzah Noor Hazfalinda , Gabriel Gina Francesca , Zaidan Khairunnisa , Osman Khairul
Published: March 2024

Fingerprints are unique structures made up of a combination of friction ridges and are varied for everyone. Due to the individual characteristics of fingerprints, it is used for identification. Traditionally, patent fingerprints are obtained using an ink pad. With the emergence of COVID-19, bank has started to provide hand sanitisers for users of ATM. Some ATM users will use an ATM, pull the ATM receipt, and proceed to clean their hands using the complimentary hand sanitisers. Unintentionally, these steps will produce a receipt with the user’s fingerprints. Hence forth, this research aims to study the possibility of obtaining fingerprints from various thermal receipt papers after a finger had contacted with hand sanitisers. Six donors were requested to deposit their fingerprints on different types of thermal paper using different brands of hand sanitisers. Quality scores were given to show the fingerprint quality difference generated using various combinations of thermal paper and hand sanitisers. The result showed that patent fingerprints developed using hand sanitiser and thermal paper were of lower quality than the standard (ink pad). Combination of alcohol-based hand sanitiser, which consists of 70% alcohol concentration and ATM receipt paper was found to be able to produce the best quality fingerprint among the studied combinations.
Development and Evaluation of Menu and Therapeutic Diet Guideline ‘Right Diet 4 Senior’ among Older Adults and Their Caregivers in Rural Area of Malaysia
Authors: ALAVI KHADIJAH
Published: March 2024

Warga emas sering mempunyai pelbagai penyakit kronik yang meningkatkan risiko malpemakanan. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan status kesihatan dan status pemakanan warga emas di kawasan luar bandar, mukim Beranang, Hulu Langat, Selangor dan seterusnya membentuk panduan pemakanan warga emas dalam komuniti. Kajian ini melibatkan dua fasa iaitu fasa penilaian keperluan dan fasa pembentukan panduan pemakanan yang disertai penilaian penerimaan. Seramai 36 orang warga emas ditemu bual dalam fasa penilaian keperluan bagi mendapatkan maklumat sosiodemografi, kesihatan dan status pemakanan. Hasil kajian fasa 1 mendapati seramai 66.7% warga emas menghidapi sekurang-kurangnya satu penyakit kronik iaitu tekanan darah tinggi (50%) dan kencing manis (27.8%). Mereka juga tidak memenuhi saranan pengambilan nutrisi bagi tenaga, lemak, folate, kalsium, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, zink dan potassium. Saiz hidangan bagi buah-buahan, sayur-sayuran, kekacang serta susu dan produk tenusu adalah kurang daripada saranan oleh Garis Panduan Pemakanan Malaysia untuk Warga Emas .Oleh itu, panduan pemakanan dan menu teraputik rendah garam dan diet diabetik dibentuk sebagai panduan bagi warga emas dan penjaga mereka. Penilaian penerimaan terhadap isi kandungan panduan melibatkan penjaga warga emas (n=20) dan juga golongan profesional (n=7) untuk menilai kefahaman terhadap panduan yang disediakan. Seramai 85% penjaga berpendapat isi kandungan panduan mudah difahami, namun beberapa modifikasi perlu dilakukan bagi menarik minat dan meningkatkan lagi kefahaman terhadap panduan yang disediakan. Golongan profesional bersetuju bahawa penambahan gambar, ilustrasi dan warna dalam panduan ini perlu supaya penyampaian maklumat lebih berkesan dan dapat diterima oleh penjaga dan juga warga emas itu sendiri. Kesimpulannya, separuh dari warga emas di kawasan luar bandar menghidapi penyakit tidak berjangkit (tekanan darah tinggi) dan berdasarkan kekurangan makro-dan mikronutrien tertentu, panduan pemakanan yang mengandungi menu teraputik telah dibentuk. Panduan pemakanan ‘Right Diet 4 Senior’ diterima baik oleh penjaga warga emas dan pegawai pemakanan.
Jujube in Malay Medical Manuscript: A comparison from Scientific and Islamic Perspectives
Authors: MOHAMAD SABRI NAJIHAH , TUKIRAN NUR AZIRA , ROSLAN RAIHANAH
Published: March 2024

Jujube or known as ‘Bidara’ in Malay customs is a beneficial plant to the human. Nowadays, it is being domestically produced into varieties of products to fulfill human needs. However, as time passed, Jujube is only seen as a source for business products while ignoring its real benefits. Thus, this paper aimed to illustrate its benefits as stated in the transliterated books of Malay medical manuscripts, with strong support from scientific and Islamic perspectives. As a common ingredient for remedies, jujube has been documented in the old manuscripts such as Kitab Tib MSS 2151, Kitab Tib Muzium Terengganu, The Medical Book of Malayan Medicine, and Kitab Al-Rahmah Fi al-Tibb Wa Al-Hikmah. Past journals and articles were analyzed to describe the benefits of jujube from scientific and Islamic points of view which are derived from the Quran and Hadith. In the selected Malay medical manuscripts, jujube was prescribed as remedy for dysentery, loss of appetite, sore throat, smallpox, and scorpion sting. Scientific findings have broadened the discoveries of its medicinal advantages with the presence of properties as anti-diarrheal, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anticancer, and antiallergic. Islamic views which are derived from Quran, Hadith, and scholars’ books mainly circulate its benefits as a cleansing agent, black magic defense mechanism, and as medicines for certain illnesses. To conclude, this paper will give a review on the benefits of jujube from the ancient Malay medical manuscript, which is parallel with the Islamic perspective and supported with scientific findings.
Production and Acceptance of Low-cost Isotonic Sports Drinks among University Students
Authors: SIAU YING KHOR , MOHD SANUSI NUR NADIRAH , HAMZAH SAREENA HANIM , HARON HASNAH , SAFII NIK SHANITA
Published: March 2024

Minuman sukan mengandungi air, karbohidrat, dan elektrolit yang dirumus khas untuk atlet atau individu yang memerlukan. Walau bagaimanapun, majoriti jurulatih dari bahagian Akademi Kejurulatihan Kebangsaan menyatakan kekangan bajet untuk mendapatkan minuman sukan komersial pada skala besar bagi memenuhi keperluan atlet mereka. Oleh itu, satu kajian eksperimental dijalankan untuk menghasilkan minuman sukan isotonik kos rendah (Rose Lemonade) jenis gula putih dan jenis gula perang, dan menilai penerimaannya dalam kalangan pelajar universiti melalui penilaian sensori. Kajian ini melibatkan 50 orang panel iaitu 25 orang pelajar UKM (bukan atlet) dan 25 pelajar UM (atlet). Analisis Kruskal Wallis menunjukkan tiada perbezaan yang signifikan (p>0.05) bagi nilai purata untuk kelima-lima atribut antara dua jenis minuman sukan isotonik berperisa Rose Lemonade dalam kalangan pelajar universiti. Penerimaan keseluruhan Rose Lemonade gula perang mempunyai skor purata sebanyak 3.52 ± 0.97 berbanding jenis gula putih iaitu 3.50 ± 1.07. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa kedua-dua formulasi minuman sukan isotonik berperisa Rose Lemonade jenis gula putih dan gula perang boleh diterima oleh panel penilai ujirasa. Penemuan kajian ini memberikan maklumat resipi minuman sukan yang murah dan mudah. Cadangan untuk kajian akan datang adalah melakukan ujian keberkesanan dari segi pembekalan tenaga dan penggantian elektrolit dan jangka hayat minuman sukan ini serta menghasilkan pelbagai perisa bagi memenuhi pengambilan minuman sukan terhadap individu.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE INTENSITY OF INSTAGRAM USAGE AND ORTHOREXIA NERVOSA IN UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA STUDENTS
Authors: KUMALA TSANIA FITRI , HARTRIYANTI YAYUK , ERMAMILIA AVIRIA
Published: March 2024

Background: Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is an eating disorder characterized by an obsession with eating healthy foods, which has physical, psychological, and social impacts. The use of social media platform such as Instagram is suspected to be one of the risk factors of ON, as health information on Instagram can reach thousands of people despite the fact that its source is frequently unreliable. Objective: To determine the correlation between the intensity of Instagram usage and ON among Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) students, as well as the correlation between confounding variables (gender, monthly income, age, faculty cluster, and nutritional knowledge) and ON. Methods: The research design used is an observational study with cross-sectional design that involved 529 students. Samples were taken by stratified random sampling, and data was collected online. Chi square test with ꭤ = 0.05 was used in this study. Results: The results showed that as many as 55% of students were diagnosed with ON and most of the students had moderate intensity of using Instagram. There is a correlation between the intensity of using social media Instagram and ON in UGM students (p value = 0.037<0.05) and there is no correlation of confounding variables (gender, monthly income, age, faculty cluster, and nutritional knowledge) with ON. Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between the intensity of Instagram use and ON in UGM students, and no confounding variables were found in this study. Keywords: Orthorexia Nervosa, Instagram, Social Media, Eating Disorders
DRIVERS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH: CASES OF POST-WAR RECOVERY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, BAZHENOVA Olena
Published: March 2024

Background. The relevance of the study of the experience of successful post-war recovery of the countries in the context of identification and analysis of the economic growth drivers for Ukraine is undoubted at the moment, taking into account the need to develop effective economic policies and strategies to promote the reconstruction of the economy and embark on the trajectory of long-term economic growth. The purpose of the study is to empirically determine the drivers of economic growth in countries that are examples of successful post-war recovery. Among such countries are Japan, the Republic of Korea, and Israel. They are unique examples of a combination of global, economic, political, and cultural factors of economic growth, which is the object of this study. Methods. The method of decomposition of the growth rate of GDP in relation to the growth rates of its factors is used to identify the contribution of production factors in ensuring economic growth. Results. The study is the calculation of the contributions of production factors to the growth of GDP in Japan, the Republic of Korea, and Israel during 1951–2019. Based on these calculations the analysis of the key drivers of economic growth was carried out. Conclusions. Analysis of the drivers of economic growth in the post-war period of countries that are patterns of successful economic recovery showed that the main factor of post-war recovery is total factor productivity, which includes new technologies, investments in scientific research, promotion of innovative activities, as well as a favorable business environment, political stability, and institutions. The second most influential factor in the period of post-war recovery is the accumulation of physical capital. As for the main measures of economic policy, first of all, it should be emphasized the liberalization of economies, the availability of a sufficient amount of external financing, and the export orientation of the countries. In addition, the experience of post-war recovery has shown that the availability of natural resources does not play a decisive role in promoting economic growth.
OVERCOMING CONSTRAINTS AND EXPLORING BEHAVIORAL INSIGHTS INTO THE SAMUELSON MULTIPLIER-ACCELERATOR MODEL
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, DOROSH Bohdan
Published: March 2024

Background. This article critically examines the limitations of traditional macroeconomic modeling, with a particular focus on the dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models and their predecessors. By scrutinizing their shortcomings in predicting and comprehending economic crises that are highlighted in numerous research papers and addressing contemporary challenges, the article calls for a fundamental revision of these models. To overcome their limitations, the article puts forward a novel approach that integrates insights from behavioral economics and incorporates real-life agents into macroeconomic models aiming to contribute to the advancement and refinement of macroeconomic modeling. Methods. The paper centers its analysis on Samuelson's multiplier-accelerator model, a prominent framework in macroeconomics, highlighting its inherent deficiencies and proposing potential improvements through the application of behavioral economics insights. Results. By dissecting the model's core assumptions, such as the consumption function, private investment, and government spending, the article argues for the integration of real agents with bounded rationality, ‘animal spirits’, expectations of future income, consumer sentiment, and segmentation of households and firms into distinct categories. By adopting a more realistic representation of human behavior, macroeconomic models can provide more accurate forecasts and better policy guidance. Conclusions. The article states that the incorporation of behavioral factors into macroeconomic models is indispensable for advancing our understanding of complex economic phenomena. By incorporating a more nuanced and realistic representation of economic agents and their decision-making processes, these models can overcome their existing limitations and contribute to the development of more robust and effective economic policies.
STANDARDIZATION OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS IMPLEMENTATION
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, KYRYLLOV Oleksandr , ZASADNYI Bohdan ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2024

Background. The article identifies the basic characteristics of IFRS, which affect the process of standardization of accounting information, highlights the key aspects of the implementation of IFRS in accounting practice, and describes the main opportunities for standardization of accounting information of business entities in Ukraine. Particular attention is given to the role of accounting policy and its structural elements in the process of standardizing accounting information. The object of the study is accounting information, as well as the set of phenomena and processes related to its formation and use in the operation of business entities. Methods. In line with the study's objective to clarify and detail specific aspects of implementing IFRS in modern economic conditions, deductive and inductive methods, historical and logical methods, and the method of comparison were used. To gather reference materials regarding the harmonization and standardization of accounting, the information modeling method was employed. Statistical analysis was used to investigate the key characteristics of mass phenomena and processes related to the implementation of IFRS in Ukraine. The combination of various research methods helped to obtain a complete and representative assessment of the state of IFRS implementation in the activities of Ukrainian business entities. Results. The study results have revealed the main aspects of the impact of IFRS on the standardization of accounting information, of a business entity, which became a basis for improving accounting practices and introducing appropriate changes in the accounting system of the business entity to comply with international standards. Conclusions. This study contributes to a better understanding of the importance of IFRS in the modern business environment and helps to implement them in practice keeping on national realities and requirements. The findings may be useful for accounting and audit professionals, business managers, and financial control authorities in making strategic management decisions.
The Representation of Ukrainian History in the English-Language Scientific Discourse
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Mikhulia Nataliia
Published: March 2024

The article highlights the problem of rethinking international communication about Ukrainian history, taking into account the de-imperialization of the historical narrative and overcoming the Russian optics on Ukraine that prevails in Western academic discourse. Sometimes in Western trends, this process is called decolonization, and the corresponding work is called postcolonial studies. While postcolonialism plays a leading role in foreign scholarly visions, it is only gaining momentum in Ukraine. Given the special attention to Ukraine as a country where a new global political architecture is being created today, there is a need to analyze and systematize foreigners’ perceptions of the Ukrainian past, as this will allow for better communication and potentially improve understanding between Ukraine and the Western world in general. Given the total dominance of Russian historiography and its derivative narratives on the entire history of Eastern Europe, this area is extremely relevant and even strategically necessary, as it allows us to study the worldview of both political elites and the electorate of Europe, which is based on a specific vision of the past and directly affects our present and future. This fact actualizes historical imagology as one of the tools for realizing the above. The study is based on the scientific work of foreign historians of non-Ukrainian origin on the history of Ukraine in the English-language discourse. The purpose of the study is to trace the general idea of non-Ukrainian researchers about Ukraine and its historical development, to analyze the state of scientific development of the topic and the source base of the study, and to highlight the main concepts and approaches to the representation of Ukraine’s history. The chronological framework covers the scholarly discourse that began with Ukraine’s independence in 1991 and continues to this day.
A lightweight image-level segmentation method for steel surface defects based on cross-layer feature fusion
Authors: Wang Peng , Li Liangliang , Sha Baolin , Li Xiaoyan , Lü Zhigang
Published: March 2024

Steel is widely used in the aerospace, machinery and automotive industries. Surface defects not only have a negative impact on the appearance of steel but also significantly reduce its wear resistance, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and fatigue strength. Therefore,
the detection of steel surface defects is very important to improve the quality of steel production. The limited availability of surface defect samples in the industrial sector poses significant challenges for the accurate detection of defects in high-quality materials. In addition, the existing
defect detection model is highly complex and not easy to deploy. To solve this problem, a lightweight defect detection network suitable for steel defects is proposed. The cross-layer feature fusion (CFF) in the design enables effective utilisation of multi-layer semantic features, facilitating
the detection of small defects in steel. Secondly, a new loss function is designed to make up for the problems of small data volume and uneven data distribution. The experimental results demonstrate that the steel surface defect detection method proposed in this paper achieves the highest
detection performance on widely used public datasets such as RSDDS, NEUS and NRSD-CR(test), while maintaining the lowest model complexity.
Bearing fault diagnosis method based on improved deep residual Siamese neural network
Authors: Qian Chen , Gao Jun , Shao Xing , Wang Cuixiang , Yuan Jianhua
Published: March 2024

Aiming to address the problem that faults in rolling bearings make effective fault diagnosis difficult under small-sample and varying working conditions, this paper proposes a new fault diagnosis method for rolling bearings that monitors their vibration signals and is based on an improved
deep residual Siamese neural network, called a WDRCNN. Firstly, the Siamese neural network is applied to extract features with shared weights to achieve an expansion in the number of fault samples. Then, multiple residual blocks are used to extract deeper feature information and effectively
alleviate the problem of overfitting. In addition, the attention mechanism is employed to assign weights to the feature information to reduce the interference of redundant features. Finally, the Euclidean distance between the sample pairs is calculated to determine the similarity of the sample
pairs and to classify bearing faults for end-to-end bearing fault diagnosis. The experimental results demonstrate that the WDRCNN achieves an average accuracy of 96.31% under different operating conditions. Even when only 90 training samples are available, the WDRCNN achieves an accuracy
of over 93%.