bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Mixed Reality to Support Inclusive Teaching Strategies in General and Special Education Preparation Programs
Authors: Peterson-Ahmad Maria B. , Keeley Randa , Frazier Andrea
Published: October 2023

Preparing teacher candidates to provide learning strategies that support the differentiated needs of students should be at the forefront of all educator preparation programs (EPPs). Teacher candidates must become fluid in providing strategies that promote students’ individualized academic and social–emotional growth as well as strategies that support effective collaboration to enhance student productivity across the school environment. This pilot study explored the use of mixed reality (e.g., Mursion) as a tool to support pre-service general and special education teacher preparation and improvement of self-efficacy related to student engagement and instructional strategies. This study collected data on teacher candidates’ pre-/post-self-efficacy and participant self-reflections from an EPP in the United States. The results of this study yielded ideas as to how EPPs can better support teacher candidate preparation using a mixed-reality platform, as data revealed participant increase in self-efficacy and gains in the use of student engagement and instructional strategies that supported the use of evidence-based and high-leverage practices.
Research on the Spatiotemporal Dynamic Relationship between Human Activity Intensity and Ecosystem Service Value in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area
Authors: Li Guiyuan , Wu Zhanneng , Cheng Guo , Yuan Yixiong , He Yu , Wang Hechi
Published: October 2023

The Three Gorges Dam project and other human activities, including regional urbanization and industrialization, have had a substantial influence on the biological environment of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA). They have changed the surface land use pattern, disrupted ecosystem structure and function, and influenced changes in the value of ecosystem services. The human activity intensity (HAI) assessment model, the ecosystem services value (ESV) assessment model, and the bivariate spatial autocorrelation model were used based on the spatiotemporal evolution data of towns along the Yangtze River in the TGRA in 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. At the same time, the spatiotemporal impact of the HAI on land use patterns was evaluated and the magnitude of the spatiotemporal influences on the ESV was investigated. The findings demonstrate the following: (1) The TGRA’s higher reaches are occupied by forested land, while the middle and lower portions are characterized by agricultural land. Land change in the reservoir region has mostly featured transitions between wooded land, agricultural land, grassland, and building land during the last 25 years. Because of differences in natural geography and administrative divisions, the intensity of human activity in the TGRA changes throughout the Yangtze River, with higher intensity in Chongqing and lower intensity in Hubei. By comparing the ESV and the HAI and validating with Moran scatter plots, it was determined that there is a negative relationship between the value of ecosystem services and the intensity of human activities. (2) The ESV rose from CNY 1017.16 × 108 in 1995 to CNY 1052.73 × 108 in 2020, suggesting that the policies of converting farmland back into forests, eliminating outdated production capacity, and developing green industries, among other ecological conservation measures, are effective. (3) In the research area, the effect coefficient of HAI on ESV ranges from −0.02 to −0.032 to −0.031. This coefficient represents the correlation between the HAI and ESV and can preliminarily judge the change in the degree of correlation between the HAI and ESV. The increase in HAI leads to a decrease in the value of ecosystem services, and there is a clear negative spatial correlation between the two. The low human activity area and low ecosystem service value area in the Chongqing section have been transformed into a high ecosystem service value area through years of returning farmland to forest and ecological management measures for sustainable development.
Capacity Value Assessment for a Combined Power Plant System of New Energy and Energy Storage Based on Robust Scheduling Rules
Authors: Wang Sicheng , Sun Weiqing
Published: October 2023

With the rapid increase in new energy penetration, the uncertainty of the power system increases sharply. We can smooth out fluctuations and promote the more grid-friendly integration of new energy by combining it with energy storage. This paper proposes an evaluation method for assessing the value of a combined power plant system of new energy and energy storage using robust scheduling rules. Firstly, the k-means clustering algorithm is improved by using the elbow method in order to generate typical scenarios that can be used for the operation optimization of the combined power plant system of new energy and energy storage. Then, a two-stage robust optimization model of the combined power plant system of new energy and energy storage with a min–max–min structure is constructed according to the uncertainty of new energy. In this model, the operation constraints and coordinated control of wind–solar–thermal–storage units are considered. By constructing the uncertainty set of the new energy output, the overall operating cost of the system is minimized and uncertainty adjustment parameters are introduced to flexibly adjust the conservatism of the scheduling rules. Furthermore, based on the column and constraint generation algorithm and strong duality theory, the original problem can be decomposed into a master problem and subproblems with mixed integer linear characteristics for an alternating solution, so as to obtain the optimal solution of the original problem, and finally obtain the robust scheduling rule with the lowest operating cost under the worst scenario. Finally, based on the wind and solar power output curves and the output of each unit under the robust scheduling rules, combined with the value estimation method of the combined power plant system of new energy and energy storage, the value of the combined power plant system of new energy and energy storage is evaluated. Through the establishment of models and example analysis, it is proven that raising the quantity of the grid-connected power generated with new energy will cause an increase in the volatility of the power system; it will also bring considerable benefits to new energy plants, and the energy storage can improve the stability of the system. The above can provide references for the subsequent energy storage configuration in the planning of a combined power plant system of new energy and energy storage.
Public Perceptions of Sustainable Physical Activity and Active Transportation: A Pilot Qualitative Study in Gävle and Maputo
Authors: Macassa Gloria
Published: October 2023

Sustainable physical activity and active transportation are important for achieving sustainable societies as well as for achieving the sustainable development goal of health and wellbeing for all. The main objective of this pilot study was to investigate the general public’s perceptions of sustainable physical activity and active transportation in the cities of Gävle (Sweden) and Maputo (Mozambique). Twelve semi-structured asynchronous e-mail interviews were subjected to content analysis. Findings indicated that participants knew what physical activity is and that they related it to general health and wellbeing. However, the majority were not familiar with the meaning of “sustainable physical activity” or “active transportation.” Furthermore, they did not know about the relationship between sustainable development and physical activity. The few participants who knew about active transportation said that it could contribute to reducing greenhouse gases. They mentioned barriers to active transportation in their respective cities, however, ranging from laziness (in the case of Gävle) to cultural norms and associations such as linking the use of active transportation to lacking the means to buy a motor vehicle (in Maputo). There is a need to integrate sustainability literacy with the already existing health and public health literacies to provide this knowledge to the general population. To this end, rather than creating new educational programmes for the public, the existing materials can be adjusted to include aspects of sustainability and sustainable health behaviours and lifestyles.
Evaluating the Feasibility of a Shared-Fleet Operation in Healthcare Logistics between Public Organisations
Authors: Aydemir Ismail , McLeod Fraser , Grote Matt , Cherrett Tom
Published: October 2023

Shared-fleet logistics involves collaboration between two or more companies to combine workloads and vehicle capacity to improve vehicle utilisation and transport efficiency and to reduce costs. This study considers the potential environmental and economic benefits of implementing a shared-fleet collaboration between two public organisations: a local government authority and a National Health Service (NHS) Trust. The research focuses on a specific case study using a historical dataset of vehicle movements, wherein the local authority’s fleet of electric courier vehicles is shared with the NHS Trust for transporting pathology samples from 78 doctors’ surgeries to a laboratory for analysis, thereby replacing the reliance on a third-party logistics provider. The benefits suggested by the results included a 17% reduction in costs, a 3% decrease in overall vehicle kilometres travelled, a 69% decrease in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, a 40% reduction in vehicle numbers, and a 27% reduction in total duty time. These results emphasise the considerable potential of shared-fleet operations to alleviate both environmental and economic problems in urban logistics, encouraging public sector organisations to actively pursue the implementation of collaborative solutions to enhance the efficiency of their own-account vehicles while making positive contributions to environmental sustainability.
Sustainable Aspects of Multiple-Use Woven Fabric in the Hospital Environment: Comfort and Textile Dust Generation Perspectives
Authors: Palčić Ana , Flinčec Grgac Sandra , Brnada Snježana
Published: October 2023

Textile dust released from hospital textiles is a considerable food source for pathogenic microorganisms and can lead to infections and illness in patients and medical staff. In addition, it often causes malfunctions in sophisticated medical equipment. The structural parameters of the fabric, such as the raw material composition, the thread density and the fabric weave, can influence the amount of dust produced. Friction between threads in a woven fabric plays a crucial role in dust generation, and friction is influenced by the surface structure of fibres, yarns and fabric. Understanding these factors can help in the development of fabrics with lower release of textile dust, which can reduce the risk of spreading infections in healthcare facilities. In this paper, the influence of the washing cycle on the change in morphological properties of fabrics in satin weave made of cotton–polyester blends was investigated. The study showed that as the number of maintenance washing cycles increases, the waviness, roughness and average amplitude of the surface roughness profile of the wove fabrics increases. Damage to the fibres during washing results in dust release, with synthetic fibres releasing less dust than cotton fibres. These results provide important information about the change in fabric properties during the washing process, which may be useful for further research and development of materials for use in a hospital environment.
Home Greenery: Alleviating Anxiety during Lockdowns with Varied Landscape Preferences
Authors: Zhang Zhengkai , Zhang Hanjiang , Yang Huan , Zhong Bingzhi
Published: October 2023

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries applied lockdown rules to flatten their epidemic curves. Meanwhile, many people suffered mental health crises. However, evidence is lacking on the psychologically restorative effects of home greenery for citizens with varying landscape preferences when public green spaces are unavailable. In Xi’an, China, during the December 2021 lockdown period, a questionnaire on residents’ anxiety, houseplants and green view from windows, and landscape preferences was designed by the authors and sampled by snowballing. Houseplants and green view from windows were positively associated with anxiety remission (p < 0.05), and the effects were different among landscape preferences. The houseplants helped to alleviate moderate and severe anxiety among respondents who preferred open green spaces and partly open green spaces. Visual exposure to Urban Green Spaces through windows alleviated mild anxiety in respondents who preferred open green spaces. It also alleviated mild, moderate, and severe anxiety in respondents who preferred partly open green spaces. More visual exposure to Urban Green Spaces via windows alleviated mild, moderate, and severe anxiety in respondents who preferred partly open blue spaces. When cities are at risk of pandemics, or in places where incapacitated people are living, distributing indoor plants to households presents a quick approach to helping mitigate anxiety and increasing green cover in residential areas will improve sustainability.
Biochar-Based Phosphorus Recovery from Different Waste Streams: Sources, Mechanisms, and Performance
Authors: Truong Hai Bang , Tran Thi Cuc Phuong , Nguyen Thi Phuong , Nguyen Thi Thao Nguyen , Oanh Doan Thi , Thuy Duong Thi , Nguyen Xuan Cuong
Published: October 2023

Elevated phosphorus (P) levels in water sources can result in eutrophication, which in turn causes environmental pollution and adversely affects aquatic ecosystems. Additionally, there is a risk of P depletion due to intensive exploitation and utilization. Therefore, the sustainable and efficient use of P, waste reduction, and P recovery from waste sources have become urgent priorities. This article aims to provide the most current assessments of the P regeneration process and its origins within waste and wastewater. This work also evaluates P recovery, as to its mechanisms, influencing factors, and performance. Moreover, the review presents comprehensive results from pilot and full-scale applications of P recovery. Further perspectives are analyzed, including economic feasibility, potential environmental impacts, research needs, and opportunities for improving P recovery.
The Maximum Clique Problem and Integer Programming Models, Their Modifications, Complexity and Implementation
Authors: Seda Milos
Published: October 2023

The maximum clique problem is a problem that takes many forms in optimization and related graph theory problems, and also has many applications. Because of its NP-completeness (nondeterministic polynomial time), the question arises of its solvability for larger instances. Instead of the traditional approaches based on the use of approximate or stochastic heuristic methods, we focus here on the use of integer programming models in the GAMS (General Algebraic Modelling System) environment, which is based on exact methods and sophisticated deterministic heuristics incorporated in it. We propose modifications of integer models, derive their time complexities and show their direct use in GAMS. GAMS makes it possible to find optimal solutions to the maximum clique problem for instances with hundreds of vertices and thousands of edges within minutes at most. For extremely large instances, good approximations of the optimum are given in a reasonable amount of time. A great advantage of this approach over all the mentioned algorithms is that even if GAMS does not find the best known solution within the chosen time limit, it displays its value at the end of the calculation as a reachable bound.
More Variations on Shuffle Squares
Authors: Grytczuk Jarosław , Pawlik Bartłomiej , Pleszczyński Mariusz
Published: October 2023

We study an abstract variant of squares (and shuffle squares) defined by a constraint graph G, specifying which pairs of words form a square. So, a shuffle G-square is a word that can be split into two disjoint subwords U and W (of the same length), which are joined by an edge. This setting generalizes a recently introduced model of shuffle squares based on word symmetry and permutations. By using the probabilistic method, we provide a sufficient condition for a constraint graph G guaranteeing the avoidability of shuffle G-squares. By a more-elementary method (known as Rosenfeld counting), we prove that G-squares are avoidable over an alphabet of size 4α, α>1, provided that the degree of every word of length n in G is at most αn. We also introduce the concept of the cutting distance between words and state several conjectures involving this notion and various kinds of shuffle squares. We suspect that, for every k⩾2, there is a constant ck such that every even word can be turned into a shuffle square by cutting it in at most ck places and rearranging the resulting pieces. We present some computational, as well as theoretical evidence in favor of this conjecture.
Relativistic Free Schrödinger Equation for Massive Particles in Schwartz Distribution Spaces
Authors: Carfí David
Published: October 2023

In this work, we pose and solve, in tempered distribution spaces, an open problem proposed by Schrödinger in 1925. In particular, on the Schwartz distribution spaces, we define the linear continuous quantum operators associated with relativistic Hamiltonians of massive particles—particles with rest mass different from 0 and evolving in the four-dimensional Minkowski vector space M4. In other words, upon the tempered distribution state-space S′(M4,C), we have found the most natural way to introduce the free-particle relativistic Hamiltonian operator and its corresponding Schrödinger equation (together with its conjugate equation, standing for antiparticles). We have found the entire solution space of our relativistic linear continuous evolution equation by completely solving a division problem in tempered distribution space. We define the Hamiltonian (Schwartz diagonalizable) operator as the principal square root of a strictly positive, Schwartz diagonalizable second-order differential operator (linked with the “Klein–Gordon operator” on the tempered distribution space S4′). The principal square root of a Schwartz nondefective operator is defined in a straightforward way—following the heuristic fashion of some classic and greatly efficient quantum theoretical approach—in the paper itself.
A Surface Pencil with Bertrand Curves as Joint Curvature Lines in Euclidean Three-Space
Authors: Nazra Sahar H. , Abdel-Baky Rashad A.
Published: October 2023

The main outcome of this work is the construction of a surface pencil with a similarity to Bertrand curves in Euclidean 3-space E3. Then, by exploiting the Serret–Frenet frame, we deduce the sufficient and necessary conditions for a surface pencil with Bertrand curves as joint curvature lines. Consequently, the expansion to the ruled surface pencil is also designed. As demonstrations of our essential findings, we illustrate some models to emphasize the process.
Yutu-2 Radar Observations at the Chang’E-4 Landing Site: The Shallow Geological Structure and Its Dielectric Properties
Authors: Lei Zhonghan , Ding Chunyu
Published: October 2023

China has successfully carried out five lunar exploration missions since 2007. These missions indicate that China has successfully implemented a three-step lunar exploration program of “orbiting, landing, and returning”. Among them, the Lunar Penetrating Radar (LPR) carried by the Yutu-2 rover in the Chang’E-4 (CE-4) mission is the only one still operating on the far side of the Moon. Up to now, the Yutu-2 radar has measured a large amount of scientific data, and its observations are of great significance to human cognition of the geological evolution of the lunar surface and the exploration of possible lunar in situ resources. This paper reviews the scientific results obtained by previous researchers based on the radar exploration data of Yutu-2, focusing mainly on three aspects, e.g., the geological structure of the shallow surface at the CE-4 landing site, the dielectric properties of the shallow subsurface materials and the special geological features. Finally, the prospects of Yutu-2 radar research priorities and future exploration, and the application trend of Moon-based ground-penetrating radar are given.
Immune Profiles in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children with Cardiovascular Abnormalities
Authors: Kumar Nathella Pavan , Venkataraman Aishwarya , Nancy Arul , Selvaraj Nandhini , Moideen Kadar , Ahamed Shaik Fayaz , Renji Rachel Marriam , Sasidaran Kandasamy , Kumar Sandip , Periyakuppan Muthiah , Sangaralingam Thankgavelu , Varadarajan Poovazhagi , Chelladurai Elilarasi , Babu Subash
Published: October 2023

Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a sequela of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection (SARS-CoV2), has been progressively reported worldwide, with cardiac involvement being a frequent presentation. Although the clinical and immunological characteristics of MIS-C with and without cardiac involvement have been described, the immunological differences between cardiac and non-cardiac MIS-C are not well understood. Methods: The levels of type 1, type 2, type 17, other proinflammatory cytokines and CC chemokines and CXC chemokines were measured using the Magpix multiplex cytokine assay system in MIS-C children with MIS-C cardiac (MIS-C (C) (n = 88)) and MIS-C non-cardiac (MIS-C (NC) (n = 64)) abnormalities. Results: MIS-C children with cardiac manifestations presented with significantly increased levels of cytokines such as IFN-γ, IL-2, TNFα, IL-5, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12p70 and chemokines such as CCL2, CCL3, CCL11 and CXCL10 in comparison to MIS-C children without cardiac manifestations. Clustering analysis revealed that cytokines and chemokines could clearly distinguish MIS-C children with and without cardiac manifestations. In addition, these responses significantly diminished and normalized 9 months after treatment. Conclusions: This is one of the first studies characterizing and differentiating systemic inflammation in MIS-C with and without cardiac involvement from a low- and middle-income country (LMIC). Our study contributes to the existing body of evidence and advances our knowledge of the immunopathogenesis of MIS-C in children.
Role of Immunoglobulin A in COVID-19 and Influenza Infections
Authors: Tyagi Rohit , Basu Srijani , Dhar Atika , Gupta Suman , Gupta Sneh Lata , Jaiswal Rishi K.
Published: October 2023

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is critical in the immune response against respiratory infections like COVID-19 and influenza [...]
Impact of an Intervention to Promote the Vaccination of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: García-Serrano Cristina , Artigues-Barberà Eva , Mirada Gloria , Estany Pepi , Sol Joaquim , Ortega Bravo Marta
Published: October 2023

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a dysregulated immune system, being at high risk of opportunistic infections. Low vaccination rates hinder the prevention of such diseases. Therefore, we implemented an intervention to increase vaccination rates, and we aimed to evaluate the effect. We determined the change in professionals and the change in the vaccination rates after the intervention. A quasi-experimental study was carried out using data from 31 December 2016 to 31 December 2021. First, healthcare professionals specializing in IBD agreed on a vaccination protocol; then, this protocol was passed on to the professionals involved in vaccination. We evaluated the perception of knowledge, capacity, and intention to vaccinate patients with IBD among the professionals before and after the intervention with a survey. We also described the effectiveness of the intervention for already diagnosed patients and compared the vaccination rates between patients diagnosed prior to the intervention and newly diagnosed patients. The intervention resulted in an improved perception of knowledge, capacity, and intention to vaccinate patients with IBD among the professionals (p < 0.05). Moreover, during the post-intervention period, in the 315 patients, the vaccination rate increased for all immune-preventable diseases (p < 0.05). The professionals positively valued the intervention, and compliance with the recommended vaccination protocol in patients with IBD improved significantly.
Pseudovirus Nanoparticles Displaying Plasmodium Circumsporozoite Proteins Elicited High Titers of Sporozoite-Binding Antibody
Authors: Xia Ming , Huang Pengwei , Vago Frank , Jiang Wen , Tan Ming
Published: October 2023

Background: malaria caused by Plasmodium parasites remains a public health threat. The circumsporozoite proteins (CSPs) of Plasmodium sporozoite play a key role in Plasmodium infection, serving as an excellent vaccine target. Methods: using a self-assembled S60 nanoparticle platform, we generated pseudovirus nanoparticles (PVNPs) displaying CSPs, named S-CSPs, for enhanced immunogenicity. Results: purified Hisx6-tagged or tag-free S-CSPs self-assembled into PVNPs that consist of a norovirus S60 inner shell and multiple surface-displayed CSPs. The majority of the PVNPs measured ~27 nm with some size variations, and their three-dimensional structure was modeled. The PVNP-displayed CSPs retained their glycan receptor-binding function. A mouse immunization study showed that PVNPs induced a high antibody response against CSP antigens and the PVNP-immunized mouse sera stained the CSPs of Plasmodium sporozoites at high titer. Conclusions and discussion: the PVNP-displayed CSPs retain their authentic antigenic feature and receptor-binding function. The CSP-specific antibody elicited by the S-CSP PVNPs binds original CSPs and potentially inhibits the attachment of Plasmodium sporozoites to their host cells, a key step for liver invasion by the sporozoites. Thus, S-CSP PVNPs may be an excellent vaccine candidate against malaria caused by Plasmodium parasites.
An Evaluation of Urease A Subunit Nanocapsules as a Vaccine in a Mouse Model of Helicobacter pylori Infection
Authors: Skakic Ivana , Francis Jasmine , Dekiwadia Chaitali , Aibinu Ibukun , Huq Mohsina , Taki Aya , Walduck Anna , Smooker Peter
Published: October 2023

Using removable silica templates, protein nanocapsules comprising the A subunit of Helicobacter pylori urease (UreA) were synthesised. The templates were of two sizes, with solid core mesoporous shell (SC/MS) silica templates giving rise to nanocapsules of average diameter 510 nm and mesoporous (MS) silica templates giving rise to nanocapsules of average diameter 47 nm. Both were shown to be highly monodispersed and relatively homogenous in structure. Various combinations of the nanocapsules in formulation were assessed as vaccines in a mouse model of H. pylori infection. Immune responses were evaluated and protective efficacy assessed. It was demonstrated that vaccination of mice with the larger nanocapsules combined with an adjuvant was able to significantly reduce colonisation.
Differentiating the Effects of Streamflow and Topographic Changes on the Water Level of Dongting Lake, China, Using the LSTM Network and Scenario Analysis
Authors: Zou Jihu , Huang Feng , Yu Feier , Shen Xingzhi , Han Shuai , Qian Zhan , Jiang Heng
Published: October 2023

Dongting Lake is the second largest freshwater lake in China and an internationally critical habitat for migratory birds. However, after 2004, the multiyear mean water levels of West Dongting Lake (WDL), South Dongting Lake (SDL), and East Dongting Lake (EDL) in the high-water stage decreased by 1.05 m, 1.15 m, and 1.32 m, respectively. Different areas of Dongting Lake experienced various degrees of shrinkage. It is necessary to study the dominant driving factors and their contributions to the falling water level. In this study, the water level changes in Dongting Lake were analyzed, and a long short-term memory neural network model was constructed to simulate the water level of Dongting Lake. Moreover, the contribution of changes in streamflow and topographic conditions to the water level changes in different areas of Dongting Lake was estimated with scenario analysis. The research results show that the changes in the streamflow were the main driving factors for the water level decline of WDL, SDL, and EDL in the high-water stage, and their contributions were 0.74 m, 0.97 m, and 1.16 m, respectively. The topographic changes had a great falling effect on the water level of Dongting Lake, and the falling effect on the water levels from October to June of the following year was the strongest in EDL (0.81 m), followed by WDL (0.49 m), and the weakest in SDL (0.3 m). These results can provide a scientific reference for the management of the water resources of Dongting Lake.
Tracking the Evolution of Microbial Communities on Microplastics through a Wastewater Treatment Process: Insight into the “Plastisphere”
Authors: Hong Jin-Kyung , Oh Hyecheol , Lee Tae Kwon , Kim Seogku , Oh Daemin , Ahn Jaehwan , Park Saerom
Published: October 2023

Microplastics (MPs), which result from the breakdown of plastic waste, have become ubiquitous in various environmental compartments. The “plastisphere”, referring to the unique bacterial communities inhabiting plastic debris, includes pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are hotspots for plastisphere formation, but significant releases of MPs still occur. This study investigates the microbial communities on polystyrene (PS) MPs through in situ deployment across primary, secondary, and tertiary WWTP stages. Biofilms formed on the PS MPs exhibited greater bacterial diversity than background waters. Certain genera acted as pioneers in the biofilms, attracting and facilitating the accumulation of other microbes from background waters. The biofilms formed on the MPs became more resistant to treatment processes compared to freely floating bacteria. This study sheds light on the evolution of microbial communities on MPs within WWTPs and their roles as carriers of microbes in effluents, with implications for environmental and public health. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for effective control over MPs and microbial pollution in WWTPs.
A Concept of Fuzzy Dual Permeability of Fractured Porous Media
Authors: Faybishenko Boris
Published: October 2023

The interpretation of the results of hydrogeological field observations and the modeling of fractured porous subsurface media is often conducted using dual-porosity and/or dual-permeability concepts. These concepts, however, do not consider the effects of spatial and temporal variations and uncertainties, or fuzziness, in the evaluation of the subsurface flow characteristics of fractured porous media. The goal of the paper is to introduce a concept of fuzzy dual permeability of fractured porous media based on the fuzzy system analysis of the results of ponded infiltration tests in fractured basalt. The author revisited the results of the tests conducted in areas close to the Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho, USA: small-scale (approximately 0.5 m2) ponded tests at the Hell’s Half Acre site, mesoscale (56 m2) ponded tests at the Box Canyon site, and a large-scale infiltration test (31,416 m2) at the Radioactive Waste Management Complex at INL. Methods of fuzzy clustering and fuzzy regression were applied to describe the time-depth waterfront penetration and to characterize the phenomena of rapid flow through a predominantly fractured component and slow flow through a predominantly porous matrix component. The concept of fuzzy dual permeability is presented using a series of fuzzy membership functions of the waterfront propagation with depth and time. To describe the time variation of the flux, a fuzzy Horton’s model is presented. The developed concept can be used for the uncertainty quantification in flow and transport in geologic media.
A Review of Seagrass Bed Pollution
Authors: Zhang Yong , Yu Xinping , Chen Zuoyi , Wang Qiuzhen , Zuo Jiulong , Yu Shanshan , Guo Ran
Published: October 2023

Due to climate change and human activities, seagrass is in crisis as the coverage of seagrass declines at an accelerated rate globally. In this paper, the severe challenges of seagrass ecosystem were briefly reviewed, including adverse effects of natural factors and human activities on seagrass beds. The research status of pollutants and pollution in seagrass bed ecosystem was reviewed, the future research directions in related fields were proposed as well. The eutrophication in coastal waters and discharge of pollutants such as sulfide, heavy metals, organic matter and microplastics caused by human activities are important reasons for seagrass loss. In addition, environmental stressors lead to reduced immunity and decreased resistance of seagrass to various pathogens, leading to seagrass wasting diseases. Future studies concerning the influence of novel pollutants, i.e., plastic waste on non-native algae, microorganisms and seagrasses, as well as their interrelationships, will be of vital importance. In addition, researches on seagrass wasting diseases and their pathogens should be much accounted in China, to fill in gaps in related fields and improve the response ability to emergent seagrass diseases. In conclusion, this review was proposed to arouse the concern about the seagrass bed pollution, and provide possible enlightening information for the protection and restoration of this significant ecosystem.
An Analysis of Rainfall Characteristics and Rainfall Flood Relationships in Cities along the Yangtze River Based on Machine Learning: A Case Study of Luzhou
Authors: Liu Yuanyuan , Liu Yesen , Wang Jiazhuo , Ren Hancheng , Liu Shu , Hu Wencai
Published: October 2023

Cities along rivers are threatened by floods and waterlogging, and the relationship between rainstorms and floods is complex. The temporal and spatial distributions of rainstorms directly affect flood characteristics. The location of the rainstorm center determines the flood peaks, volumes, and processes. In this study, machine learning algorithms were introduced to analyze the rain–flood relationship in Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China. The spatial and temporal patterns of rainstorms in the region were classified and extracted, and flood characteristics generated by various types of rainstorms were analyzed. In the first type, the center of the rainstorm was in the upper reaches of the Tuojiang River, and the resulting flood caused negligible damage to Luzhou. In the second type, the center of the rainstorm occurred in the Yangtze River Basin. Continuously high water levels in the Yangtze River, combined with local rainfall, supported urban drainage. In the third type, the rainstorm center occurred in the upper reaches of the Yangtze and Tuojiang rivers. During the flooding, rainfall from Yangtze River and Tuojiang River moved towards Luzhou together. The movement of the rainstorm center was consistent with the flood routing direction of the Yangtze and Tuojiang rivers, both of which continued to have high water levels. The flood risk is extremely high in this case, making it the riskiest rainfall process requiring prevention.
Effect of Groundwater Level Rise on the Critical Velocity of High-Speed Railway
Authors: Hu Jing , Jin Linlian , Wu Shujing , Zheng Bin , Tang Yue , Wu Xuezheng
Published: October 2023

The increasing frequency of extreme rainfall is leading to a rise in groundwater levels in coastal areas, significantly affecting high-speed railway operations. To address this concern, this study developed a 2.5-dimensional finite element model of a coupled track-embankment-ground system based on Biot’s porous media theory to analyze the effect of groundwater level rise on the critical velocity of high-speed railways and vibration responses. The findings reveal a consistent decrease in the critical velocity of high-speed railways with rising groundwater levels. Particularly, the increase in groundwater levels within the embankment significantly influences the critical velocity compared to a similar rise in the foundation’s groundwater level. Furthermore, deformations induced by passing trains significantly increase as groundwater levels rise. Specifically, when the groundwater level rises from the foundation bottom to the subgrade surface, subgrade surface deformation increases by approximately 55%. As trains approach the critical velocity, significant vibration phenomena, known as the “Mach effect,” occur at the foundation surface. Importantly, as groundwater levels rise, the “Mach effect” intensifies. Analyzing the vibrating frequency spectrum of the displacement response demonstrates a substantial increase in vibration amplitude, particularly in the high-frequency region, as groundwater levels rise. This study highlights that the rise in groundwater level not only amplifies vibrations but also extends the propagation of high-frequency vibrations, underscoring the importance of effective embankment waterproofing in controlling track vibrations.
Application of innovative approaches to the calculation of the cost of dairy cattle products based on accounting data
Authors:   1Stavropol State Agrarian University, Stavropol, Russia, Agafonova N. P. , Manzhosova I. B. ,   1Stavropol State Agrarian University, Stavropol, Russia, Yakovenko V. S. ,   1Stavropol State Agrarian University, Stavropol, Russia, Darmilova D. Z. ,   1Stavropol State Agrarian University, Stavropol, Russia, Utolin N. N. ,   2Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2023

The agricultural sector is a system-forming component for the economy of many regions of the Russian Federation, as it ensures the country’s food security, employment of the local population, and tax revenues to the budget. In this connection, the issue of the effectiveness of the activities of agricultural organizations remains particularly relevant in modern economic realities. The reliability of the assessment of the results of financial and economic activities largely depends on the quality of the information base and the accuracy in calculating the cost. Agricultural production is acterized by diversity in the types of finished products produced, the calculation of the cost of each of which has a special approach that requires continuous development to maintain a high level of performance. The article updates the method of accounting for costs and calculating the cost of dairy products, which calculates the cost based on indicators of milk productivity and herd reproduction in the context of each center of financial responsibility.
La construction sociale du genre
Authors: Chatard Armand
Published: October 2023

Même s’ils vont souvent de pair, genre psychologique et sexe biologique existent indépendamment l’un de l’autre (Lorenzi-Cioldi, 1988). Le genre est le concept psychologique qui traduit la nature différenciée des représentations du masculin et du féminin. La façon dont ces représentations affectent la construction de l’identité est un thème de recherche en psychologie tout autant intrigant que passionnant.
Faiblesse du sexe fort
Authors: Flahault François
Published: October 2023

Les pages qui suivent portent sur la vulnérabilité des hommes, au sens où elle touche à leur être même, et sur son articulation avec la domination masculine. Pour rendre compte de cette articulation, l’auteur évite le « tout est génétique », et tout autant l’excès inverse, le « tout est culturel ». Il essaie de montrer comment les hommes tendent à compenser les formes de vulnérabilité qui sont les leurs (ou au moins à s’en défendre) en développant des points forts et en s’appuyant sur eux pour exercer une domination. Il montre également comment ces points forts sont susceptibles de se retourner contre eux.
École de garçons et école de filles…
Authors: Duru-Bellat Marie
Published: October 2023

Depuis Durkheim, on sait que l’école, la classe, sont de « petites sociétés » dont la fonction est double : « intégrer et diviser », c’est-à-dire, pour ce qui est de la formation des jeunes garçons et filles, à la fois leur faire partager l’idée commune qu’il y a deux sexes et, dans le même temps, les convaincre qu’ils et elles sont sans ambiguïté d’un côté ou de l’autre. Que l’école participe, avec la famille et l’environnement social tout entier, à la production et reproduction des rôles de sexe est aujourd’hui reconnu.
Une lecture de la ségrégation au Brésil au regard de la situation française
Authors: Vieillard-Baron Hervé , de Almeida Vasconcelos Pedro
Published: October 2023

Comment le concept de ségrégation peut-il s’appliquer à la réalité brésilienne contemporaine ? Une approche historique de la mise en place des stratifications sociales dans la colonie portugaise et l’agglomération de Salvador de Bahia.
De la culture de l’innovation au renouvellement des valeurs
Authors: Bindé Jérome
Published: October 2023

Les sociétés contemporaines, marquées par une juvénilisation qui tend à modeler maints aspects de la vie sociale, affichent un goût pour le renouvellement permanent. Les idées de savoir et de culture elles-mêmes ne se construisent plus tant sur le modèle de la transmission et de la reproduction que sur celui de la créativité. La notion d’innovation ne se limite plus à l’innovation technique garantissant une compétitivité économique, mais semble désormais promue au rang de nouvelle valeur, comme en témoigne sa diffusion dans de multiples champs (éducatif, politique, médiatique, et plus généralement culturel).
L'enfant au centre de la cible
Authors: Dupeyron Jean-François
Published: October 2023

Placé au centre d'une cible éducative sous-tendue par les préoccupations des adultes, l'enfant jouit d'une reconnaissance paradoxale, entre crise de l'autorité et urgence scolaire. Une étude critique des représentations de l'enfant-sujet dans la société française, avec un regard particulier sur les conditions de sa scolarisation.
Arriver ne suffit pas
Authors: Moro Marie Rose
Published: October 2023

L'échec scolaire massif des enfants de migrants, qui cumulent difficultés sociales et culturelles, est un fait avéré. Quelles que soient ses causes, il a des conséquences psychologiques importantes pour les enfants et sur les représentations que les familles ont d'elles-mêmes et de leurs enfants.
Éducation, religions, raison et marché
Authors: Dufour Dany-Robert
Published: October 2023

Pour s’orienter dans les questions d’éducation, nous sommes tenus de partir d’une donnée apparemment triviale, mais néanmoins capitale : si l’homme naissait aussi achevé que les autres animaux, il n’aurait nul besoin d’éducation puisqu’il trouverait en lui-même (dans ses instincts) les moyens de faire face au monde. Il vivrait alors comme vivent les autres animaux, quasiment prêt à la naissance, après un maternage minimal, à affronter le monde. Or ce n’est pas le cas de l’homme.
L’irréductible inconnaissance
Authors: Paquot Thierry
Published: October 2023

Tous les religionistes (le mot est chez Littré) sont convaincus de détenir une vérité, sinon « la » vérité, et la plupart d’entre eux n’hésitent pas à pratiquer un large prosélytisme. « Ce que je crois devrait être cru par d’autres » ; ainsi, le monde entier se retrouverait pacifié au nom d’une croyance partagée, espèrent-ils.
Se recentrer sur l’ambition scolaire
Authors: Bellus Cathy
Published: October 2023

Un chef d’établissement d’un collège de centre-ville décrit ici les effets pervers du sentiment d’impuissance voire de culpabilité des enseignants face aux détresses vécues par certains de leurs élèves. Permettre à chacun des acteurs éducatifs d’exercer ses missions propres dans une dynamique partagée est un moyen de lutter contre des discriminations récurrentes.
Quelle place pour l’art et la culture dans la ville de demain ?
Authors: Weber Anita
Published: October 2023

Il n’est pas de notion qui soit aussi porteuse d’enjeux de civilisation individuels ou collectifs que celle de la culture. Dès la Grèce antique et le fondement de la pensée démocratique, la culture fut étroitement liée à la vie de la Cité. La construction de la Cité s’apparentait dès l’origine à un geste artistique, celui des architectes et des sculpteurs qui inventaient l’espace public, l’espace commun démocratique où les artistes prenaient leur place pour contribuer à la vie publique.
De l’urbanité sélective
Authors: Paquot Thierry
Published: October 2023

On a cru longtemps que la ville civilisait les citadins ; que son air les rendait libres et que les brassages humains qu’elle favorisait facilitaient l’émergence d’une civilité épanouie et d’une urbanité partagée. Or l’épreuve d’autrui n’est pas chose aisée. Le repli communautaire, la fermeture identitaire, le tri sélectif entre les générations ou les origines ethniques résultent d’une cohabitation entre groupes parfois imperméables entre eux ou incapables de reconnaissance et d’entraide. Ainsi l’urbanité peut-elle être asymétrique…
L’indétermination scolaire des familles populaires et immigrées
Authors: Périer Pierre
Published: October 2023

Conscientes de l’enjeu de la scolarité, les familles populaires et immigrées n’en sont pas moins souvent démunies pour aider leurs enfants dans leurs apprentissages et leur orientation. En même temps qu’elle ouvre des perspectives nouvelles, de métier et de statut, la prolongation des études accroît l’indétermination sur les «choix» à opérer. Plus encore, ne peut-elle avoir pour effet de disqualifier les parents devenus incompétents et les figures de ce qu’il faut précisément éviter, socialement et professionnellement ? Les rapports au sein de la famille, la place et le pouvoir de chacun s’en trouvent alors profondément modifiés.
L’enseignement-apprentissage de la langue française en France. Dé-complexifier la question
Authors: Auger Nathalie
Published: October 2023

Il est difficile de comprendre les enjeux de la langue française et de son enseignement-apprentissage sans avoir un regard distancié. Les débats sont si passionnés, passionnants, qu’ils entraînent souvent les locuteurs à généraliser des représentations fortement marquées par la subjectivité et les affects ; d’autant mieux que les débatteurs n’ont pas toujours conscience des constructions sociales qui sous-tendent ces représentations.
Accueil et scolarisation des élèves allophones à l’école française. Contextes, dispositifs et didactiques
Authors: Cortier Claude
Published: October 2023

La seule immersion et confrontation directe des élèves nouveaux arrivants n’est pas suffisante pour leur permettre une intégration rapide dans la plupart des cours de leur classe d’âge. Il convient de mettre en œuvre des activités spécifiques orientées vers la découverte et la connaissance des fonctionnements des cours ordinaires «à la française», pour permettre aux élèves de se confronter avec ces variétés de la communication et ces formes d’interactions dont la compréhension s’avère essentielle pour la réussite de leur scolarisation.
Femmes immigrées
Authors: Chaïb Sabah
Published: October 2023

À travers les femmes immigrées s’éprouvent particulièrement les statuts minorés des objets « immigration » et « femmes ». C’est du côté de l’histoire sociale des femmes et de l’intégration au féminin que les pistes de recherche existent pour faire entrer les femmes immigrées dans l’espace public et éclairer ainsi combien elles participent de l’histoire des femmes de la société d’accueil comme de l’histoire de l’immigration en général.
Échec ou réussite scolaire ? La responsabilité de l’institution, selon Ivan Illich
Authors: Paquot Thierry
Published: October 2023

En 1971 paraît «Deschooling Society», traduit malencontreusement en français «Une société sans école». Thierry Paquot a relu cet essai vif, radical et étonnamment irrévérencieux, qui pose la question du sens de l''école et des apprentissages.
La modernité des enfants de migrants
Authors: Moro Marie Rose
Published: October 2023

La manière dont on pense les enfants, leurs besoins, leur développement, influence la manière dont on leur apprend aussi bien les choses de la vie que celles de l’école. Tenir compte de la diversité culturelle est un enjeu majeur de la médecine et de l’école d’aujourd’hui et de demain.