bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Learning Pixel-wise Phase Unwrapping with Reinforcement Policy Gradient
Authors: Xu Jinjin
Published: November 2024

This paper presents a novel method for pixel-wise phase unwrapping utilizing reinforcement learning (RL), addressing significant limitations of traditional techniques. Conventional phase unwrapping methods often struggle with noise and discontinuities, which can hinder their effectiveness in practical applications such as optical imaging and interferometry. In contrast, our approach employs Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) to train an intelligent agent capable of making pixel-wise decisions based on the observed data, optimizing phase recovery without the need for extensive labeled datasets. We thoroughly evaluate our method on a variety of datasets, including both real and synthetic InSAR radar echo data, demonstrating its effectiveness across different scenarios. The experimental results reveal significant improvements in both accuracy and robustness compared to existing supervised learning techniques. Furthermore, our work not only advances the state-of-the-art in phase unwrapping but also underscores the potential of RL in solving complex imaging tasks. By paving the way for future applications in optical imaging and advanced interferometry, our research opens new avenues for exploring the capabilities of machine learning in handling intricate imaging challenges, thereby contributing to the broader field of computational imaging.
A systematic exploration of mapping knowledge domains for influence of temperature on rock mechanics
Authors: Geng Chengwei , Xiong Fei , Xue Yi , Liu Yong , Zhang Yun , Xia Tongqiang , Ji Ming
Published: November 2024

To achieve a thorough understanding of the research advancements in the field of rock mechanical behavior under temperature effects, this study conducts a bibliometric analysis founded on 1,919 publications retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database spanning from 2008 to 2024. The analysis encompasses annual publication trends, geographical and institutional distributions, major source journals, subject areas, research repositories, and emerging hotspots and frontiers. Utilizing VOSviewer and CiteSpace software for data mining and visualization, knowledge graphs were generated. Temporal analysis reveals a transition from a slow developmental phase to an accelerated growth period, culminating in a rapid expansion phase. Notably, from 2014 to 2022, the volume of journal publications surged, indicating a peak in research activity on rock mechanics under temperature effects. Through keyword clustering and literature review, major research themes emerged, including rock behavior, high-temperature effects, and related high-frequency keywords. Analysis of the top ten frequently occurring keywords and their emergence over time revealed that key terms such as thermal damage, tensile strength, mechanical behavior, and thermal treatment have become central to recent research. These findings underscore current research hotspots and suggest future trends in the field. The paper concludes with a summary of recent methodologies and achievements in the study of rock mechanical behavior under temperature effects.
Multidimensional postpone-aging program for middle-aged and older females in China：An exploration and empirical study
Authors: Zhang Lang-lang , Yang Shan-lan , Huang He-lang , Liu Yong , Zou Kai-li , Wu Lei , Su Xiao-dong
Published: November 2024

Background
This study constructed multiple postpone-aging programme that include diet, lifestyle, health care products and beauty products in middle and old aged Chinese female, and verified results based on experimental evidence.
Methods
Multi stage cluster stratified sampling epidemiological survey was used to collect the PPSHAS aging measurement results and the information on diet type structure, behavior lifestyle, as well as the use of drugs, health products and beauty products of middle and old aged female in China. LR, DT and RF model was fitted and compared, and constructed postpone-aging programme. Aging markers such as content of IGF-1, content and activity of β-GAL and SOD in serum were detected to support the research.
Results
Aging measurements shows that 14.24% of subjects are significantly younger than chronological age, 45.58% are consistent, and 40.17% are significantly older. Through model performance comparison and verification, the RF model is relatively optimal, with precision of 82.64% and 80.62%, AUC of 0.894 and 0.892, accuracy rates of 82.80% and 89.78%, recall rates of 89.78% and 88.85%, F1 scores of 0.768 and 0.744, and Kappa index higher than the other two models in the test and validation set. Biological markers testing showed that SOD content and activity, IGF-1 content decrease with aging, while β-GAL activity increased (P<0.05). In the postpone-aging programme, the priority of variables from high to low is skin care product use, hobby duration, sleep time, lotion, eye cream, leafy vegetables, eggplant fruits, carbohydrates, water consumption, spices (importance 23.05 to 66.68).
Conclusion
The aging scores of middle and old aged Chinese female showed certain regular changes in chronological age and status age. The relatively optimized RF model constructed a three-dimensional postpone-aging programme, and LR and DT model also provided valuable information. The experimental evidence confirmed the ideality of the results.
The Role of E-Retailers in Modern Manufacturing: Insights from Agent-Based Simulations
Authors: Sohi Zahra Asadollahi , Raghfar Hossein
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the impact of e-retailers on manufacturers' production and sales dynamics through agent-based modeling and simulation. While traditional retailers have long dominated the retail sector, Industry 4.0 technologies and e-commerce platforms have introduced new dynamics. By comparing manufacturers connected to e-retailers with those linked to traditional retailers, this study highlights the effects on inventory and customer satisfaction in response to changing market conditions and evolving customer preferences, incorporating satisficing behavior. The experiments were conducted under various conditions and random parameter distributions. Manufacturers connected to e-retailers can access more information; however, our model indicates that the accuracy of their sales forecasting methods is crucial. The highest growth was observed in high-quality manufacturers using superior prediction methods and connected to e-retailers, especially when supply exceeded demand. The system became unpredictable when supply and demand were nearly equal. The findings emphasize the importance of e-retailers in reducing unsatisfied customers and inventory levels, alongside the critical role of accurate prediction methods. The model demonstrates the significance of using agent-based models in modern times, as they can capture the complexity of the system and emergent behaviors.
Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy for depression: Treatment effectiveness and effects of unlocking the unconscious
Authors: Johansson Robert , Eriksson Kajsa , Åberg Kalle , Town Joel , Abbass Allan
Published: November 2024

Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy (ISTDP) has an increasing amount of evidence regarding its efficacy across various psychiatric conditions and specifically with depression. The aim of this study is to replicate the findings of controlled research by examining the effects of ISTDP in the treatment of depression in a large naturalistic sample, and also to explore the mediating role of unlocking the unconscious in this treatment. Healthcare costs were also explored. Data were collected from a naturalistic study conducted at the Centre for Emotions and Health, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, between 1999 and 2007. A sample of 195 patients' self-reported levels of depression, measured by the depression subscale of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), and interpersonal problems, measured by the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-32 (IIP-32), were analyzed using mixed-effects models. The analysis revealed a significant and large effect of ISTDP on both depression (within-group Cohen's d = 1.02, 95% CI [0.75, 1.26]) and interpersonal problems (within-group Cohen's d = 1.17, 95% CI [0.89, 1.46]). The process of unlocking the unconscious emerged as a significant mediator of treatment outcomes for both depression (between-group Cohen’s d = 0.60, 95% CI [0.16, 1.07]) and interpersonal problems (between-group Cohen’s d = 0.47, 95% CI [-0.05, 0.95]). Reductions in costs regarding physician (p = 0.07) and hospital costs (p < 0.05) were observed. These findings support the efficacy of ISTDP in treating depression and highlight the importance of unlocking the unconscious among patients with depression.
Creating E-Comic to Motivate Students to Learning Mandarin
Authors: Ying Yi , Chandra Mei Rianto , Tanoto Florence Y , Mufida Ziola A , Kun Qian
Published: November 2024

The research explored whether digital comic books were a new learning method that could increase learning motivation in learning Mandarin. Illustrated learning media made it easier for students to understand learning material. Along with the times and technological advances, learning methods had also developed in various ways. The questions in the research were: (1) How was the application of e-comic in learning Mandarin?; (2) What did students think about learning with e-comic? The research applied a qualitative method, and 40 students who studied Mandarin were the respondents. Based on the results, it can be concluded that all respondents agree that applying learning media using digital comic books can provide positive results in learning Mandarin. All respondents think learning through e-comic makes it easier to understand grammatical material and helps compose sentences to construct conversations. Learning with comic book media is considered very interesting. Even though the learning process using comic book media occurs online during the pandemic, learning with comic book media can create interactive learning. Students can become more creative and able to use various applications to make their own comics with the characters they choose. Learning with comic books can motivate students to learn Mandarin.
Repensando o modelo de recall no Brasil
Authors: Jacob João Paulo Ramos
Published: November 2024

A Constituição do Brasil estabelece a democracia direta, permitindo a expressão da soberania popular além do voto, por meio de plebiscitos, referendos e iniciativas populares. Essas ferramentas ampliam a participação cidadã e a influência nas decisões políticas, consideradas como fundamentais para revitalizar a democracia e combater a desconfiança nas instituições. Um dos mecanismos mais inovadores é o recall, que possibilita aos eleitores a destituição de políticos, reforçando a responsabilidade e a resposta às expectativas populares. Este artigo explora a introdução do recall no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, analisando as dinâmicas políticas, sociais e legais envolvidas. Através de análise documental e revisão de literatura, busca-se entender os desafios e as potenciais contribuições do recall para uma democracia mais engajada e participativa no Brasil.
Divinidades y creencias New Age. De sus arquitecturas narrativas en la era digital
Authors: Aguirre-Aguilar Genaro , Molina-Landa Miguel Ángel , Ballona-Fuentes Rebeca , Barrios-Pérez Eduardo G.
Published: November 2024

¿Cuántos de quienes nos dedicamos a la academia o la investigación tenemos una formación religiosa o cultivamos algún tipo de creencia vinculada a expresiones de fe? ¿Cuántos investigadores interesados en el estudio de los mitos o expresiones de fe están problematizando sobre la importancia y el impacto las redes sociales digitales en la construcción y circulación de narrativas que abonan a estas creencias? Estas preguntas son algunas de las que orientan un artículo cuyo objetivo es analizar las formas en que los productores de contenido en redes sociales y canales de video construyen narrativas vinculadas a creencias en torno a una pluralidad de divinidades. Para ello, se toma como referencia la evidencia empírica recogida en la primera y segunda etapa del trabajo de campo del proyecto Mitos, creencias y nuevas expresiones de fe en las mentalidades de América Latina. Un estudio desde escenarios digitales, cuyo diseño es fenomenológico, tomando como unidades de análisis Facebook, Instagram, TikTok y YouTube. Para ello se han considerado como técnicas de investigación la observación en línea y la entrevista semiestructurada, para que el análisis de contenido cualitativo sea el recurso que permita dar con el sentido en esa porción de mundos de vida que se recrean en aquellos ambientes digitales que contribuyen a dar sentido de comunidad a usuarios creyentes que se apropian de narrativas donde mitos y creencias tienen presencia.
La Facultad de Administración Pública de la Universidad de Chile Un Caso Fallido de Institucionalización Académica, 1973
Authors: Traverso Diego Barría , Orrego Ariel Ramírez , Gutiérrez Carolina Cuevas
Published: November 2024

Una de las funciones principales de los sistemas universitarios es la formación de servidores públicos. A mediados de la década de 1950, en América Latina surgieron escuelas que buscaron formar funcionarios públicos profesionales. En el caso chileno, ello comenzó en 1954, en un momento en el que el Estado aplicaba políticas desarrollistas y de expansión de prestaciones sociales. En 1973, el golpe de Estado cambió este modelo, para pasar a otro de Estado mínimo y subsidiario. Consecuentemente, la formación de administradores públicos también fue puesta bajo revisión. En ese contexto, en la Universidad de Chile se discutió la idea de crear la Facultad de Administración Pública en la Universidad de Chile. Este artículo analiza esta discusión, dentro del contexto de desarrollo de la disciplina y sus programas formativos en las décadas anteriores. Específicamente, se responde a las siguientes preguntas: ¿cuáles fueron los fundamentos señalados para justificar la creación de la facultad? ¿Cómo se concibió la administración pública como campo autónomo académico? ¿Cuáles eran los objetivos formativos y de investigación trazados? ¿Cómo se esperaba institucionalizar la facultad para lograr las metas planteadas? ¿Cómo esta propuesta se enmarca dentro de la historia de la enseñanza de la administración pública en Chile? El trabajo responde estas preguntas a partir de una perspectiva que combina un enfoque de historia intelectual de la administración pública y el debate académico actual respecto a los factores que inciden en las características que toman los programas formativos en administración pública. Esto se lleva adelante utilizando métodos de investigación históricos.
The Impact of a Health Education Program on Fear of Falling and Fall Risk in Elderly People from UATI: A Clinical Trial
Authors: Leal Thailane Kelli , Gomes Glaucia Sá Brandão Freitas , Moura Ricardo Silva , Oliveira-Silva Iransé , Oliveira Luís Vicente Franco , Brandão Glauber Sá
Published: November 2024

Aging leads to morphofunctional changes that trigger a decline in functional mobility and an increased risk of falls. In light of the above, the present study aims to test the hypothesis that a health education program reduces the fear of falling and the risk of falls in elderly individuals from a University for the Third Age, who do not exhibit cognitive decline and are capable of performing physical tests and responding to questionnaires. This is a longitudinal, experimental study, conducted through a single-arm clinical trial, of the before-and-after type within the same group and with randomization of the evaluator groups, carried out from October to December 2023, in the northeastern region of Brazil. To assess the fear of falling, the Falls Efficacy Scale-International-Brazil (FES-I-BRASIL) was used, and for the evaluation of functional mobility, the Timed Up and Go test was employed. (TUG). The intervention lasted eight weeks, conducted over two days a week, consisting of in-person activities and activities carried out in the homes of the elderly. The health education program took place through theoretical and practical classes related to fall prevention activities and physical exercise, as well as home activities using educational booklets. Out of fifty potential participants, thirty-three (average age 71 ± 6.3 years) were selected, with 99.7% being female. The elderly showed a significant improvement in functional mobility (p = 0.02) and fear of falling (p = 0.01) after the health education program intervention; however, when dichotomized into age strata, it was possible to identify that only the group of elderly individuals aged 70 years or older showed a significant improvement in functional mobility (p < 0.01). This study suggests that a health education program for the elderly improves functional mobility, resulting in a reduction in the risk of falls and the fear of falling.
REGARDING THE CARDIAC RHYTHM DISORDERS IN SPACE MISSIONS
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Popova O.V. , Rusanov V.B. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Luchitskaya E.S. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Orlov О.I. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: November 2024

It is common knowledge that during space missions (SMs) the cosmonauts are subjected to stresses. One of potential SMs problems is disorders in the bioelectrical parameters of the myocardium conductivity or arrhythmias. The paper analyzes the results of investigations into the changes of cardiac rhythm variability in a group of 5 cosmonauts (46 ± 4.5 yrs of age) using ECG records containing episodes of atrial and/or ventricular arrhythmias. Mean mission duration of each cosmonaut was about six months as a standard. Analysis of the experimental data on occurrence of cardiac rhythm disorders may point to SMs arrhythmogenicity. It was shown that frequency of ventricular extrasystoles in SMs increases in comparison with the baseline data. Atrial extrasystoles become more frequent by the end of SMs. The largest numbers of extrasystoles were recorded after extravehicular activities (EVAs). Assembly of the Russian orbital (service) station RO(S)S will increase the number of EVAs which should be taken into account, as additional loading on the cardiovascular system may provoke disorders in the cardiac rhythm.
NEURONET MODELS OF THE ANALYSIS OF EXHALED AIR BIOMARKERS FOR NON-INVASIVE EVALUATION OF LIPID PEROXIDATION PROCESSES IN A HEALTHY HUMAN ORGANISM
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Orlov O.I. , Ozerov D.S. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Mukhamedieva L.N. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Lashukov P.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Nosovsky А.М. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: November 2024

The paper considers the possibility in principle to use neuronet models for predicting the oxidative stress by lipid peroxidation (LPO) biomarkers identified in exhaled air by healthy humans (EA). Oxidative stress was modeled by normobaric 2-hour breathing 100 % oxygen with participation of 12 male subjects at the age of 24 to 40 years who were tilted at -6° over 21 days. Expired air (EA) was sampled using masks ReCiva (Owlstone Medical) and analyzed by gas chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS). Data were analyzed using own neuronets based on programming language Python, TensorFlow library (Google open source) and module Keras. The paper describes the main stages of the neuronet model development. It was shown that data processing and tabulation are critical for accuracy of a neuronet algorithm. Application of the neuronet technologies in EA biomarkers analysis appears to be a promising approach to the non-invasive assessment of LPO processes to improve significantly diagnostics and prediction of OS-related pathologies.
ADDITIONAL ABSORBED DOSE FROM SOLAR PROTON EVENTS ON ISS
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Bondarenko V.A. , Mitrikas V.G. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: November 2024

The authors studied the input of protons from solar proton events (SPEs) in the absorbed dose over the entire period of piloted ISS operation. It was shown that as the solar activity decreased, the number of SPEs, power of proton radiation and, consequently, its input in the absorbed dose decreased also. Apparently, it should be forthcoming that in the next solar activity cycle which, predictably, will be weaker than the current 25th cycle and fall in the period of launch and operation of the Russian Orbital Station, an additional input of SPEs will not be critical.
Locating the Dark Triad traits within the Interpersonal Circumplex: A multicultural perspective
Authors: Kruger Lea , Kruger Gert
Published: November 2024

The Dark Triad encompasses the concepts of Machiavellianism, subclinical psychopathy, and subclinical narcissism. Since a core characteristic of the Dark Triad traits is interpersonal dysfunction, this study investigated where these traits position themselves on the interpersonal circumplex in terms of agency (“getting ahead”) and communion (“getting along”) when explored within a multi-cultural South African context. Analysis of self-report data from 280 undergraduate students revealed that Machiavellianism and psychopathy were positioned in Quadrant II (dominant-hostile), whereas narcissism was positioned in Quadrant I (dominant-friendly). These findings support the notion that the three traits each have a unique interpersonal profile and concur with the results of studies conducted in other cultures. Therefore, although the behavioural expression of the Dark Triad traits may vary in different cultures, their position on the IPC is similar to that found in other studies.
PENGEMBANGAN E-LKPD INTERAKTIF BERBASIS GUIDED DISCOVERY LEARNING PADA MATERI SEL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KOGNITIF SISWA KELAS XI
Authors: Manurung Hany Patitrya Octanty , Anazifa Rizqa Devi
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran  e-LKPD interaktif berbasis guided discovery learning yang dapat meningkatkan pemahaman kognitif siswa kelas XI SMA dan menilai validitas dan kelayakan media pembelajaran tersebut. Penelitian ini berdasarkan fakta bahwa pembelajaran biologi, terkhusus di jenjang SMA, memiliki banyak konsep teori dan variasi perangkat pembelajaran yang digunakan guru mayoritas masih menggunakan buku atau ppt dengan metode ceramah, sehingga membuat pembelajaran monoton yang dapat mempengaruhi pemahaman siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan (RD) dengan model ADDIE, yang dimodifikasi menjadi 3 tahapan (ADD): Analisis, Desain, dan Pengembangan. Instrumen penelitian meliputi lembar pedoman wawancara, angket, soal tes, lembar penilaian, dan dokumentasi.  Hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa validasi ahli materi dan media menunjukkan persentase nilai yang keduanya termasuk dalam kategori "sangat baik". Uji coba terbatas menggunakan desain pretest-posttest one small group menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan pemahaman kognitif siswa ditinjau dari peningkatan rerata skor dari 34,9 pada pretest dan 71,8 pada nilai posttest. Selain itu, dilakukan juga analisis N-Gain score, uji-T, dan persepsi guru serta siswa terkait produk yang dikembangkan dapat disimpulkan bahwa E-LKPD Interaktif berbasis guided discovery learning pada materi struktur dan fungsi komponen sel untuk kelas XI SMA valid dan layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan pemahaman kognitif siswa.
Effects of Message Framing on Human Papillomavirus Vaccination: Systematic Review
Authors: Gong Jie , Gu Dandan , Dong Suyun , Shen Wangqin , Yan Haiou , Xie Juan
Published: November 2024

Background

With the advancement of cervical cancer elimination strategies, promoting human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is essential to achieving this goal. The issue of how to structure and develop message content to promote HPV vaccination is a debatable issue.

Objective

The efficacy of gain-loss framing in vaccination contexts is disputed. Our study aimed to elucidate the consequences of message framing on attitudes, intentions, and behavioral tendencies toward HPV vaccination, with the objective of refining message framing strategies and their elements.

Methods

This systematic review adhered strictly to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guideline reporting standards to comprehensively retrieve, extract, and integrate data. We searched databases, including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science, for literature published from database construction to August 15, 2023. Literature screening, data extraction, and quality evaluation were performed by 2 researchers. Intervention studies published in English, conducted with populations with children eligible for HPV vaccination, and involving message framing were included. Attitudes, intentions, and behaviors served as outcome evaluation criteria.

Results

A total of 19 intervention studies were included. Gain-loss framing had no clear effect on vaccination attitudes nor intentions. Loss framing showed a weak advantage at improving HPV vaccination attitudes or intentions, but the evidence was not strong enough to draw definitive conclusions. The impact of gain-loss framing on HPV vaccination behaviors could not be determined due to the limited number of studies and the qualitative nature of the analysis.

Conclusions

Combining gain-loss framing with other message framing approaches may be an effective way to enhance the effect of message framing. More high-quality message framing content and exploring alternative moderator or mediator variables are required to support the conclusion.

Trial Registration

CRD42023451612; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=451612
Using Large Language Models to Detect and Understand Drug Discontinuation Events in Web-Based Forums: Development and Validation Study
Authors: Trevena William , Zhong Xiang , Alvarado Michelle , Semenov Alexander , Oktay Alp , Devlin Devin , Gohil Aarya Yogesh , Chittimouju Sai Harsha
Published: November 2024

Background

The implementation of large language models (LLMs), such as BART (Bidirectional and Auto-Regressive Transformers) and GPT-4, has revolutionized the extraction of insights from unstructured text. These advancements have expanded into health care, allowing analysis of social media for public health insights. However, the detection of drug discontinuation events (DDEs) remains underexplored. Identifying DDEs is crucial for understanding medication adherence and patient outcomes.

Objective

The aim of this study is to provide a flexible framework for investigating various clinical research questions in data-sparse environments. We provide an example of the utility of this framework by identifying DDEs and their root causes in an open-source web-based forum, MedHelp, and by releasing the first open-source DDE datasets to aid further research in this domain.

Methods

We used several LLMs, including GPT-4 Turbo, GPT-4o, DeBERTa (Decoding-Enhanced Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformer with Disentangled Attention), and BART, among others, to detect and determine the root causes of DDEs in user comments posted on MedHelp. Our study design included the use of zero-shot classification, which allows these models to make predictions without task-specific training. We split user comments into sentences and applied different classification strategies to assess the performance of these models in identifying DDEs and their root causes.

Results

Among the selected models, GPT-4o performed the best at determining the root causes of DDEs, predicting only 12.9% of root causes incorrectly (hamming loss). Among the open-source models tested, BART demonstrated the best performance in detecting DDEs, achieving an F1-score of 0.86, a false positive rate of 2.8%, and a false negative rate of 6.5%, all without any fine-tuning. The dataset included 10.7% (107/1000) DDEs, emphasizing the models’ robustness in an imbalanced data context.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated the effectiveness of open- and closed-source LLMs, such as GPT-4o and BART, for detecting DDEs and their root causes from publicly accessible data through zero-shot classification. The robust and scalable framework we propose can aid researchers in addressing data-sparse clinical research questions. The launch of open-access DDE datasets has the potential to stimulate further research and novel discoveries in this field.
Early Warning Systems for Acute Respiratory Infections: Scoping Review of Global Evidence
Authors: Patel Atushi , Maruthananth Kevin , Matharu Neha , Pinto Andrew D , Hosseini Banafshe
Published: November 2024

Background

Early warning systems (EWSs) are tools that integrate clinical observations to identify patterns indicating increased risks of clinical deterioration, thus facilitating timely and appropriate interventions. EWSs can mitigate the impact of global infectious diseases by enhancing information exchange, monitoring, and early detection.

Objective

We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of EWSs in acute respiratory infections (ARIs) through a scoping review of EWSs developed, described, and implemented for detecting novel, exotic, and re-emerging ARIs.

Methods

We searched Ovid MEDLINE ALL, Embase, Cochrane Library (Wiley), and CINAHL (Ebsco). The search was conducted on October 03, 2023. Studies that implemented EWSs for the detection of acute respiratory illnesses were included. Covidence was used for citation management, and a modified Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist was used for quality assessment.

Results

From 5838 initial articles, 29 met the inclusion criteria for this review. Twelve studies evaluated the use of EWSs within community settings, ranging from rural community reporting networks to urban online participatory surveillance platforms. Five studies focused on EWSs that used data from hospitalization and emergency department visits. These systems leveraged clinical and admission data to effectively detect and manage local outbreaks of respiratory infections. Two studies focused on the effectiveness of existing surveillance systems, assessing their adaptability and responsiveness to emerging threats and how they could be improved based on past performance. Four studies highlighted the integration of machine learning models to improve the predictive accuracy of EWSs. Three studies explored the applications of national EWSs in different health care settings and emphasized their potential in predicting clinical deterioration and facilitating early intervention. Lastly, 3 studies addressed the use of surveillance systems in aged-care facilities, highlighting the unique challenges and needs of monitoring and responding to health threats in environments housing vulnerable populations. The CASP tool revealed that most studies were relevant, reliable, and of high value (score 6: 11/29, 38%; score 5: 9/29, 31%). The common limitations included result generalizability, selection bias, and small sample size for model validation.

Conclusions

This scoping review confirms the critical role of EWSs in enhancing public health responses to respiratory infections. Although the effectiveness of these systems is evident, challenges related to generalizability and varying methodologies suggest a need for continued innovation and standardization in EWS development.
Evaluation of the volume of brain structures in patients with multiple sclerosis at the disease onset as a marker of radiological specificities of its course
Authors: Nehrych T.I. , Palamarchuk Yu.O.
Published: November 2024

The article presents the results of own study of a group of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) at the disease onset who, in addition to traditional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences, underwent magnetic resonance volumetry of brain structures. Brain MRI is the main method of neuroimaging in MS. The examination is performed with the use of traditional MRI sequences (T1-weighted images, T2-weighted images, post-contrast T1-weighted images), which are necessary for the diagnostic confirmation of MS according to the McDonald criteria whose latest version was revised in 2017. In addition, MRI is the leading method for confirming MS exacerbations using postcontrast T1-weighted images, allowing for the assessment of the disease course. With the development of MRI, there are more opportunities for a comprehensive examination of the brain in various pathologies, including MS, through the use of so-called advanced techniques, one of which is volumetry (volume determination) of brain structures. The study conducted showed that in the group of patients with MS, at its onset, a statistically significant decrease in the volume of the thalamus and subcortical structures (putamen and nucleus caudatus) was found compared to the control group. Currently, there is no consensus on the use of advanced MRI techniques for the diagnosis and monitoring of MS, but we believe that such means will not only improve and speed up the diagnosis of MS, but also predict its course. This approach will improve the management of MS and significantly increase the quality of life of MS patients.
Analysis of the Implementation of ISO 27001: 2022 and KAMI Index in Enhancing the Information Security Management System in Consulting Firms
Authors: Apriany Allisha , Wibowo Antoni
Published: November 2024

Keamanan Informasi Elektronik ini kini sudah menjadi hal yang perlu diperhatikan oleh seluruh perusahaan agar aset penting perusahaan tetap terjaga dan mendapatkan kepercayaan dari pelanggan atau klien. Dalam operasional sehari-hari, banyak aktivitas dan data pribadi yang dikirimkan ke perusahaan untuk melakukan transaksi. Akan tetapi, belum banyak perusahaan yang memiliki kesadaran akan keamanan informasi, yang apabila tidak dilakukan akan merugikan perusahaan. Selain itu, dapat menurunkan nilai kompetitif karena dinilai tidak mampu melindungi data pribadi pelanggan atau klien. Setiap kebocoran data dan pelanggaran keamanan informasi dapat merusak reputasi organisasi [1]. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk memiliki ISMS yang efektif sesuai dengan standar ISO 27001:2022 yang merupakan standar keamanan informasi internasional yang telah diterapkan pada banyak perusahaan di seluruh dunia. ISO 27001:2022, standar internasional untuk manajemen keamanan informasi, memberikan panduan dan persyaratan yang jelas untuk membangun, menerapkan, dan memelihara sistem keamanan informasi yang efektif. Dalam makalah ini, penulis akan menilai tingkat kematangan sistem manajemen keamanan informasi berdasarkan ISO 27001: 2022. Berdasarkan penilaian tersebut, perusahaan masih mampu mencapai standar ISO 27001:2022 dan Index KAMI. Beberapa perbaikan harus dilakukan untuk mencapai tingkat kematangan minimum III+ dari penilaian Index KAMI. Selain itu, berdasarkan ISO/IEC 27001:2022, skor hasil yang diperoleh adalah 39% yang dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar perusahaan belum menerapkan prosedur apa pun dan beberapa kontrol telah diterapkan. Oleh karena itu, rekomendasi perbaikan diperlukan bagi perusahaan, mulai dari penerapan kebijakan dan prosedur terkait manajemen keamanan informasi.
Integrating Learning Management System and Clasification Learning Media Based On Two Dimension Animation
Authors: Suarya Putra I Nyoman Agus , Sustiawati Ni Luh , Udayana Anak Agung Gde Bagus , Suardana I Wayan
Published: November 2024

This research aims to combine the advantages of LMS technology with the potential of two-dimensional animated learning media in an educational context. This research explores the basic concept of a Learning Management System (LMS) and its advantages in providing a structured platform for delivering learning material, student-teacher interaction, and evaluating learning progress. LMS offers broad accessibility, student progress tracking, and the ability to facilitate collaborative learning. The research focus shifted to the potential of two-dimensional animation-based classification learning media. Two-dimensional animation offers interesting and engaging visualizations and can help students understand complex concepts better. In this context, this research integrates the visual power of animation with the learning structure provided by the LMS. This integration is expected to increase student engagement, facilitate a deeper understanding of concepts, and increase information retention. In addition, this combination is also expected to improve the overall quality of teaching by enabling the use of more innovative and interactive teaching methods. This research aims to contribute to our understanding of how learning technology can be integrated effectively to improve student's learning experiences. Thus, it is hoped that the results of this research can provide valuable insight into the development of better learning practices.
Book Review: Interpreting Subcultures Approaching, Contextualizing, and Embodying Sense-Making Practices in Alternative Cultures
Authors: Pemuda Jurnal
Published: November 2024

Buku yang diedit oleh J. Patrick Williams ini menyajikan eksplorasi mendalam tentang bagaimana subkultur dipahami dan dianalisis dalam studi sosiologi. Dari bagian pengantar hingga bagian pertama, pembaca diajak untuk memahami kerangka kerja dan metodologi yang digunakan dalam analisis subkultur.
The Inheritance and Innovation of Shu Embroidery Technique and Culture in the New Era
Authors: Fang Qihui , Zhang Xinyu , Rao Guohui
Published: November 2024

Shu embroidery is a type of embroidery art originating from the western Sichuan plain, renowned for its exquisite appearance. The cultural value of Shu embroidery runs deep, and it has taken on new significance in modern times. In ancient times, Shu embroidery experienced a period of peak development; however, under the impact of modern society, the inheritance and future development of Shu embroidery also face some difficulties and challenges, such as monotonous styles, slow updates, a small number of people inheriting the skills, the lack of a complete industrial chain, small scale, and the absence of representative brands. This article delves into the cultural value behind Shu embroidery while also proposing solutions to these issues, including accelerating research and development, popularizing knowledge about Shu embroidery, increasing promotional efforts, and cultivating relevant technical talent.
Study of Sublimation in Tragic Drama
Authors: Li Bin
Published: November 2024

Tragedy, as an important category of drama, has been a hot topic in literature and theater since ancient times. Taking the tragedy theories of Aristotle, Hegel, Schopenhauer, Sigmund Freud and other Western scholars as a guide and Les Misérables and The Phantom of the Opera as the main examples, this paper studies the aesthetic sublimation of tragedy. It is found that the elements of music, story, dramatic poetry, dance and performance integrated in a tragic musical can form the grandeur and magnificence of tragedy. The audience gain a sense of beauty and pain, and pleasure and sublimity from the tragic heroes. Tragedy prompts the awakening of human consciousness and the liberation of individuality, calling for social morality, civilization and progress.
A Meta-analysis of the Effect of Aerobic Exercise during Pregnancy on Maternal Labor Pains
Authors: Wu Hongmei , Jiao Yuying , Wei Xinting , Song Yan
Published: November 2024

Objective: Systematically evaluate the effect of prenatal aerobic exercise on maternal labor pain.Methods: Systematic search: Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of science, PubMed, China Biomedical Database, China Knowledge Network (CNKI), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, Wipu.com, etc., and the time limit of the search was from the establishment of the library to June 2024, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to the purpose of the study were collected and included by the after 2 researchers independently screened the literature, extracted information and evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies, RevMan5.3 software was applied to analyze the data. Results: A total of 10 RCTs were included, including 1144 cases of labor. Meta-analysis showed that prenatal aerobic exercise was effective in relieving labor pain level throughout the entire laboring process, with an MD [95% CI] of -1.80 [-2.75,-0.84], (P<0.05), when compared with the control group. However, the effect was not significant in relieving 3-4 cm of uterine opening and when the uterine opening was more than 4 cm. Conclusion: Current evidence suggests that prenatal aerobic exercise relieves labor pain levels throughout labor, but is not significantly effective in relieving uterine opening of 3-4 cm and 4 cm or more. Due to the limitations of the number and quality of included studies, the above conclusions need to be verified by more high-quality studies.
IDENTIFICATION OF PLANETARY AND PROTO-PLANETARY NEBULAE CANDIDATES THROUGH AKARI INFRARED PHOTOMETRY
Authors: Márquez-Lugo R. A. , Kemp S. N. , Ramos-Larios G. , Nigoche-Netro A. , Navarro S. G. , Corral L. J.
Published: November 2024

We utilized photometric data from the space telescope AKARI to identify potential planetary nebulae (PNe) and proto-planetary nebulae (PPNe) candidates. Using the color-color diagram, we found a region with a high concentration of established PNe and PPNe, comprising about 95% of the objects. Based on this, we identified 67 objects within this region that lack definitive classification in existing literature, suggesting they are promising candidates. We conducted Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) analysis and morphological investigations using imagery from various observatories and satellites. Finally, we present a list of 65 potential PNe and PPNe candidates.
SUPERNOVAE PHOTOMETRY AT OAUNI
Authors: Espinoza M. , Pereyra A.
Published: November 2024

We analyse photometric data of nine supernovae (SNe) in filters V, R and I obtained during observational campaigns at the OAUNI site in 2016, 2017 and 2023. The calibrated magnitudes of the observed SNe were compared with their respective light curves available in the literature to study their evolution after their maximum brightness. In some cases, the supernova color-color diagnostic diagram was used to determine our observation date and correctly locate our magnitudes on the light curves. For this purpose, the use of supernova light curve templates, as well as reference supernovae, was also helpful. This work allowed us to verify the feasibility of performing precision astronomical photometry at the OAUNI.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHOTOMETRIC PERIOD AND SURFACE DIFFERENTIAL ROTATION IN CHROMOSPHERICALLY ACTIVE STARS
Authors: Özdarcan O. , Dal H. A. , Kılıç E. S. , Yoldaş E.
Published: November 2024

We present a quantitative investigation of the relationship between the photometric periods of late-type chromospherically active stars showing spot activity and their photometric period variation interval as the proxy of the surface differential rotation. The results show that as the photometric period increases, the magnitude of the surface differential rotation also increases. However, there is a noticeable distinction between main sequence and evolved stars. Comparing a main sequence star and an evolved star with the same photometric period, it turns out that the magnitude of the surface differential rotation of the main sequence star appears greater than that of the evolved star. The distinction is apparent around short photometric periods but tends to disappear towards longer photometric periods.
INSTRUMENTAL BROADENING OF THE SPOL SPECTROPOLARIMETER AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
Authors: Amador-Portes A. , Chavushyan V. , Patiño-Alvarez V. M.
Published: November 2024

The Ground-based Observational Support of the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope is conducted by the University of Arizona using the 2.3m Bok and 1.54m Kuiper telescopes operated by the Steward Observatory (SO). This program monitors blazar sources with spectroscopic observations. Yet, the instrumental broadenings for the different slit widths used in the spectra are unavailable (the widths range from 2".0 to 12".7). Using quasi-simultaneous spectroscopic observations of the blazar 3C 273 between the SO, Observatorio Astrofísico Guillermo Haro, and Observatorio Astronómico Nacional San Pedro Mártir, we can provide an estimation of the instrumental profile for two of the slit widths. Since the instrumental broadening and the slit width are directly proportional, we are able to estimate the instrumental broadening for all six slit widths used at the SO.
THE CAVITY PROJECT: SPATIALLY-RESOLVED AND CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES OF GALAXIES DERIVED USING pyPipe3D
Authors: Sánchez S. F. , García-Benito R. , González Delgado R. , Conrado A. , Perez I. , Lugo-Aranda A. Z. , Sánchez-Menguiano L. , Ruiz-Lara T. , Jiménez A. , Duarte Puertas S. , Domínguez-Gómez J. , Torres-Ríos G. , Argudo-Fernández M. , Blázquez-Calero G. , Alcázar-Laynez Manuel , Verley S. , Espada D. , Lisenfeld U. , Zurita A. , Florido E. , Bidaran B. , Villalba-González P. , Ferré-Mateu A. , Sánchez Alarcón P. M. , Román J. , del Moral-Castro I. , Agüi F.
Published: November 2024

We present the analysis using pyPipe3D of a sample of 208 galaxies from the CAVITY project , that includes: (i) a description of the processes performed by this pipeline, (ii) the data model adopted to store the spatially resolved properties, and (iii) a catalog comprising integrated and characteristics properties, and the slope of radial gradients for various observational and physical parameters determined for each galaxy. We elucidate the analysis outcomes by (i) presenting the spatial distribution of various derived parameters for a representative galaxy, CAVITY66239, and (ii) exploring the integrated extensive and intensive scaling relations that rule star-formation for this galaxy sample, comparing with results from the literature. The individual galaxy data products for the galaxies featured in the inaugural data release of the CAVITY project, along with the catalog described in this article, are available at the 1st Data Release web page.
PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM 5 YEARS' SPECTRAL MONITORING OF ANTARES
Authors: Oostra B. , Batista M. G.
Published: November 2024

We present preliminary results of 5 years' monitoring of the radial velocity of Alpha Sco, performed at the Astronomical Observatory of the Universidad de Los Andes in Bogotá, Colombia. The data include 580 spectra acquired on 153 nights between March 2015 and March 2020. The aim of this study is to probe the dynamics of the star's atmosphere on all possible time-scales through the variations of the observed radial velocity. At present, our findings are consistent with previous results from other observers, and the combination of older and new data make it possible to assess several periodicities. A detailed study of these results, including the convective motions in the photosphere, is still in progress.
RECENT UPDATE OF GAS-PHASE CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND MOLECULAR LINES OF TiO IN CLOUDY
Authors: Shaw Gargi , Ferland Gary J. , Stancil Phillip , Porter Ryan
Published: November 2024

We present our current update on the gas-phase chemical reactions and spectral lines of TiO in the spectral synthesis code Cloudy. For this purpose, we have added 229 Ti-related reactions in the chemical network. In addition, we consider 230 fine-structure energy levels, the corresponding 223 radiative transitions, and 444 collisional transitions with ortho and para H2, and predict 66 TiO lines. We perform spectroscopic simulations of TiO emission from the circumstellar region of the oxygen-rich red supergiant VY Canis Majoris to validate our update. Our model reproduces the observed TiO column density. This update is helpful in modeling dust-free astrophysical environments where Ti is in the gas phase and TiO can form.