bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Occurrence of urinary incontinence and function of pelvic floor muscles in athletes: a case series
Authors: Paganini Bruna de Sousa , Pereira Franciele da Silva , Scarabelot Karoline Sousa , Virtuoso Janeisa Franck
Published: March 2020

Introduction

To evaluate the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI), as well as the function of pelvic floor muscles (PFM) in athletes.

Methods

An exploratory study was carried out among a series of cases composed of 15 amateur athletes from the municipality of Araranguá, Brazil. International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire – Short Form (ICIQ-SF) was used to identify the presence of UI, the absorbent test to verify the amount of urine leakage, and the PERFECT scheme to assess the function of PFM. The level of significance was 5%.

Results

In ICIQ-SF, 46.7% of the participants presented UI day by day and 6.7% (n = 1) during sports practice. This demonstrated that, although they were symptomatic in the everyday life, during sports practice there were no urinary losses. When urinary loss was objectively measured, only 1 of the 4 assessed athletes presented a difference in weight greater than 2 g. The strength of the PFM was shown to be optimal in all examined athletes (n = 3).

Conclusions

We have demonstrated that despite UI symptoms during the day, sports practice of mild to moderate intensity may contribute to a protective measure of the pelvic muscles, that is, physical exercise increases the strength of the PFM, bringing benefits to the amateur athlete. However, another research should be performed to make this correlation evident.
Using unmanned aerial vehicle and volunteered geographic information to sophisticate urban flood modelling
Authors: Su Yuan-Fong , Lin Yan-Ting , Jang Jiun-Huei , Han Jen-Yu
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Sophisticated flood simulation in urban areas is a challenging task due to the difficulties in data acquisition and model verification. This study incorporates three rapid-growing technologies, i.e. volunteered geographic information (VGI), unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and computational flood simulation (CFS) to reconstruct the flash flood event occurred in 14 June 2015, GongGuan, Taipei. The high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) generated by a UAV and the real-time VGI photos acquired from social network are served to establish and validate the CFS model, respectively. The DEM data are resampled based on two grid sizes to evaluate the influence of terrain resolution on flood simulations. The results show that flood scenario can be more accurately modelled as DEM resolution increases with better agreement between simulation and observation in terms of flood occurrence time and water depth. The incorporation of UAV and VGI lower the barrier of sophisticated CFS and shows great potential in flood impact and loss assessment in urban areas.
Geothermal flux beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet derived from measured temperature profiles in deep boreholes
Authors: Talalay Pavel , Li Yazhou , Augustin Laurent , Clow Gary , Hong Jialin , Lefebvre Eric , Markov Alexey , Motoyama Hideaki , Ritz Catherine
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The temperature at the Antarctic ice sheet bed and the temperature gradient in subglacial rocks have been directly measured only a few times, although extensive thermodynamic modelling has been used to estimate geothermal heat flux under ice sheet. During the last five decades, deep ice-core drilling projects at six sites – Byrd, WAIS Divide, Dome C, Kohnen, Dome F, and Vostok – have succeeded in reaching to, or nearly to, the bed in inland locations in Antarctica. When temperature profiles in these boreholes and heat flow model are combined with estimations of vertical velocity, the heat flow at ice sheet base is translated to a geothermal heat flux of 117.8 ± 3.3 mW m−2 at Byrd, 67.3 ± 8.6 mW m−2 at Dome C, 79.0 ± 5.0 mW m−2 at Dome F, and −3.3 ± 5.6 mW m−2 at Vostok, close to predicted values. However, estimations at Kohnen and WAIS Divide gave flux of 161.5 ± 10.2 mW m−2 and 251.3 ± 24.1 mW m−2, respectively, far higher than that predicted by existing heat flow models. The question arises as to whether this high heat flow represents regional values, or if the Kohnen and WAIS Divide boreholes were drilled over local hot spots.
Sea Ice Drift and Arch Formation in the Robeson Channel Using Daily Coverage of Sentinel-1 SAR Data During the 2016–2017 Freezing Season
Authors: Shokr Mohammed E. , Wang Zihan , Liu Tingting
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Robeson Channel (RC) is a narrow sea water passage between Greenland and Ellesmere Island in the Arctic. It is a pathway of sea ice from the central Arctic and out to the Baffin Bay. This paper uses a set of daily Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images from Sentinel-1A/1B, acquired between September 2016 and April 2017, to study kinematics of individual ice floes as they approach then drift through the RC. Tracking of 39 selected floes was visually performed in the image sequence and their speed was calculated and linked to the reanalysis 10 m wind from ERA5. Results show that drift of ice floes is remarkably slow while in the compact ice regime upstream of the RC unless the floe is surrounded by water or thin ice. In this case the wind has more influence on the drift. On the other hand, ice floe drift is found to be about 4–5 times faster in the open drift regime within the RC and clearly influenced by wind. A linear trend is found between change in wind and change in ice drift speed components, both along the length of the channel. Case studies are presented to reveal the role of wind on ice floe drift in details. The study also addresses the development of the ice arch at the entry of the channel. It started development on 24 January and matured on 1 February 2017. Details of the formation process, using the sequential SAR images, are presented. The arch’s shape continued to adjust by rupturing ice pieces at locations of cracks under the influence of northerly wind (hence the contour keeps displacing northward). The study highlights the advantage of using the high-resolution daily SAR coverage in monitoring aspects of sea ice cover in narrow water passages where the ice cover is highly dynamic. The information will be particularly interesting for possible applications of SAR constellation systems.
Book Review: Intimacy and Ageing: New Relationships in Later Life
Authors: Gangopadhyay Jagriti
Published: March 2020

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Film Review: Cracked: A New Light on Dementia
Authors: Chivers Sally
Published: March 2020

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Debating “Good” Care: The Challenges of Dementia Care in Shanghai, China
Authors: Zhang Yan
Published: March 2020

The increasing number of dementia sufferers in China has transformed dementia care from a private issue to a public concern. Nationwide dementia-friendly campaigns have intensified debates about what constitutes “good” care. In response to these campaigns, the Shanghai government proposes a systematic care model, which stresses the need for dementia-care units and professionalization. Non-state actors, however, focus on the relational care model, which integrates western humanitarian ethics with Confucian values. This article employs cultural and structural frameworks to examine why and how a specific form of “good” care is constructed in China. The debates about the establishment of dementia-care units and the professionalization of eldercare enable us to understand how politics shape certain forms of care.
Book Review: Successful Aging as a Contemporary Obsession: Global Perspectives
Authors: Frank Jacquelyn B.
Published: March 2020

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O Mundo Sério e os Palhaços
Authors: Olendzki Luciane Campos
Published: March 2020

Este artigo aborda sentidos da figura e da arte cênica do palhaço, em tensionamento cômico e jogo criativo com o mundo sério. Para tal, trazemos à esta reflexão as forças extemporâneas de tipos poéticos da genealogia da palhaçaria (jograis, bufões, bobos da corte, etc.) e a crítica nietzschiana dos valores morais e tipos humanos que impingem peso e gravidade à existência. Com isso, questionamos o que pode o palhaço – reconhecido em seu caráter universal como tolo, idiota, vagabundo, desajustado, desrazoado, animalesco, miserável, vil, marginal – com sua arte cênica e humorística na contemporaneidade, diante dos horrores e graves tragédias da existência? 

 Palavras-chave: palhaços; humor; riso; existência; resistência.
A CIÊNCIA E A TECNOLOGIA COMO POSSIBILIDADES DE DESENVOLVIMENTO TECNOLÓGICO DA REGIÃO CENTRO OESTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Abrita Mateus Boldrine , Da Silva Walter Guedes
Published: March 2020

Este trabalho discute o atual protagonismo da Ciência e da Tecnologia na região Centro-Oeste (CO), como forma de impulsionar o desenvolvimento tecnológico nessa Região e, também, fazer uma comparação com a realidade brasileira. Após a análise dos dados disponíveis no que diz respeito ao número de pesquisadores, instituições, artigos científicos publicados, número de doutores (ou seja, no lado “não produtivo no sentido econômico”), a região CO apresentou diversos avanços, inclusive na comparação relativa com o Brasil. Todavia, quando analisamos o setor produtivo, observamos que algumas mazelas presentes no âmbito nacional são, muitas vezes, piores no CO.
A “CAPITALIZAÇÃO” DOS SETE PECADOS
Authors: MAIA ROSEMERE SANTOS
Published: March 2020

No presente artigo, colocamos o pecado em perspectiva.  Para tanto, voltamos nosso olhar para o bairro de Santa Cruz, situado na zona oeste da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro, que recebe insuficientes investimentos por parte do Poder Público, possui baixo IPS  (Índice de Progresso Social), sofre com o crescimento exponencial da violência urbana, é vítima da voracidade e da irresponsabilidade de grandes empresas instaladas na região, além de ter sua população tornada alvo de estigmas e preconceitos. Recorrendo, num primeiro momento e de forma breve, à Filosofia Aristotélica, à Teologia e à ética cristã- onde o pecado configura-se como uma categoria fundamental- e à Literatura (através da obra de Dante Alighieri) – demonstramos, ao longo do artigo, que  fenômenos /relações que marcam a contemporaneidade apresentam-se como uma nova roupagem dos pecados capitais clássicos. Ao abordarmos, em referência à Santa Cruz, cada um deles, a suposta dimensão social dos pecados é explicitada. Soberba, avareza, inveja, ira, luxúria, gula e preguiça são aqui tematizadas, levando-nos a concluir que os pecados sobre os quais discorremos longe estão de levar seus pecadores ao “inferno”. Em certa medida, de suas torres, bolhas ou castelos, continuam olhando enviesado ou com distanciamento para o bairro de Santa Cruz, contribuindo para mantê-lo invisível no contexto da Cidade.
Pueblos originarios: mismo horizonte Mexico y Brasil
Authors: Yáñez Catalina
Published: March 2020

Este texto trata del intercambio de experiencias entre educadores indigenas de Oaxaca, Puebla, Chiapas y Michoacán, y también con educadores indigenas de Roraima/Brasil. Estas experiencias pedagógicas, en sus distintos contextos, toman como base el Método Inductivo Intercultural (MII) y buscan crear prácticas de resistencia y de valorización de los modos propios de existir.
Educación matemática y enseñanza para la comprensión: el caso de la cultura hñahñu
Authors: Arroyo Aguazul Vicente
Published: March 2020

El propósito de este artículo es mostrar que la cultura hñahñu[1] como otras culturas, poseen características, sociales, lingüísticas, culturales y sobre todo conocimientos propios que los caracteriza y estos conocimientos son poco retomados por la escuela bilingüe indígena, como lo es el caso de la etnomatemática. Los niños hñahñus construyen sus conocimientos tanto en el contexto de las actividades en las productivas en las que él participa y observa en la vida cotidiana así como en los tiempos y espacios escolares. Uno de los problemas que subsiste en la escuela bilingüe indígena y concretamente en la enseñanza de las matemáticas, es la pretensión de desarrollar en los niños y niñas, habilidades y capacidades de manera mecánica y memorística, y no buscan que se vuelvan usuarios y eficientes de las mismas desarrollando el pensamiento matemático a partir de la etnomatemática hñahñu que está presente en las actividades productivas y en la vida cotidiana. Mi perspectiva personal es la posibilidad de incidir y replantear el trabajo académico de la escuela bilingüe indígena en el contexto de la diversidad cultural, en el que los docentes vean como una alternativa, ofrecer una enseñanza que parta de los conocimientos comunitarios como el caso de la etnomatemática que son saberes que pueden apoyar a los alumnos a acceder a las matemáticas escolares

 

[1] Cultura Indígena de México, asentado en la región Valle del Mezquital, Hidalgo, México.
PROFESSORES AINDA QUE ENFERMEIROS: PROCESSO IDENTITÁRIO DE DOCENTES DE ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Delacanal Lazzari Daniele , Gue martini Jussara , Nunes Arruda Sonimary , Cardoso da Silva Nelson Junior
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: compreender as concepções e identificações acerca das atividades docente e formação para a docência como parte do processo identitário de professores de enfermagem. Método: estudo descritivo analítico, qualitativo. Participaram 18 professores enfermeiros de duas universidades (uma pública e outra privada) da região sul do Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre os meses de julho e setembro de 2015, por meio de entrevista com roteiro semiestruturado. Para tratamento dos dados foi utilizada a codificação aberta e axial conforme proposta por Strauss e Corbin, com o auxílio do software Atlas ti® 7. Resultados: emergiram as seguintes categorias: Ser enfermeira ou estar professora, Escolhas profissionais e Formação para a docência: entre a formação pedagógica e o experimento cotidiano. Conclusão: professores de enfermagem permanecem quase sempre se identificando com a profissão de origem, mediante ausência de formação para a docência, com entendimentos distantes dos pressupostos da pedagogia universitária, o que é definidor de seus processos identitários.
AN AUTOCHTHONOUS CASE OF MALARIA IN PETROPOLIS, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL
Authors: Machado Sérgio Lisbôa , Lima Magda Maria Adorno Ferreira , Cruz Fernanda Baptista Caetano Pires , Toma Helena Keiko
Published: March 2020

In Brazil, about 99% of malaria cases occur in Brazil’s Legal Amazon. In all other states malaria has been noted but with imported cases. Here we describe an autochthonous case of malaria in Petropolis city, Rio de Janeiro. The clinical symptoms and epidemiological aspects were compatible with malaria and the presence of Plasmodium was confirmed through molecular diagnostic testing performed on a blood sample from a local resident after an ecological hike in the Atlantic Forest on the outskirts of town. After treatment with chloroquineand primaquine, the symptoms ceased. This city was regarded malaria free for many years although it still presents the malaria vectors. Considering that Plasmodium sp. is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, this clinical case serves as an epidemiological alert.KEY WORDS: Malaria; clinical case; Plasmodium vivax
Massal and Individual Electrical Conductivity Tests and its Relationships with the Physiological Quality of Sweet Sorghum Seeds
Authors: Dalcin Joner Silveira , Müller Caren Alessandra , Nunes Ubirajara Russi , Roso Rodrigo , Filho Alberto Cargnelutti , Backes Rogério Luiz , Backes Fernanda Alice Antonelo Londero , Tabaldi Luciane Almeri , Fernandes Tiéle Stuker
Published: March 2020

Rapid tests such as electrical conductivity provide fast and consistent results regarding stratification of seed lots by vigor. They are important tools used to evaluate the physiological quality of seeds of several species, however, no such information was found for Sorghum bicolor. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the physiological quality of the seeds by the mass and individual conductivity tests. Four plots of the Fepagro 19 cultivar were analyzed through the degree of moisture, weight of one thousand seeds, first count and germination, radicular and shoot length, dry mass, cold test and emergence of field seedlings. Subsequently, they were submitted to mass electrical conductivity experiments with variations in the imbibition time (2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours), temperature (20, 25 and 30 ºC), number of seeds (25 and 50), volume of water (50 and 75 mL) and individual (2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours). The design was completely randomized and the data evaluated by the Tukey test. Only the lowest physiological quality batch was detected in the 20 °C, 75 mL and 25 seeds for 12 hours combinations; the individual test detected the least physiological quality batch, and it was possible to perform it in 24 hours.
The Nexus Between Agriculture and Tourism in the Island of Crete, Greece
Authors: Vourdoubas John
Published: March 2020

The relationship between agriculture and tourism in the island of Crete, Greece has been studied. Both agriculture and the tourism industry contribute more than 50% in the Gross Domestic Product of the island. The linkages between agriculture and tourism in many tourism-dominated communities and rural areas worldwide have been reviewed. The current status of agriculture and the tourism industry in Crete has been examined as well as the agro-tourism development in the island during the last few decades which is considered a typical example of agriculture-tourism cooperation. The healthy tasty Cretan diet is based on locally produced food ingredients and it is famous all over the world. Therefore, it could be further promoted by the tourism industry in the island. Increased use of local gastronomy could improve the competitiveness of the Cretan tourism industry which is currently based on mass tourism and the “sea, sun and sand” model. This could be a springboard to the local agricultural production of the island to partly cover the demand for catering in the tourism industry. Various new policies and measures are required for increasing the linkages in these two sectors. The use of locally produced agricultural products would replace foodstuff transported to the island from long distances, reducing the carbon emissions due to their transportation. Strengthening the linkages between agriculture and tourism in Crete would trigger growth in both sectors, offering many economic, social and environmental benefits to the island.
Nematode Parasites of Red Sokoto Goats (Capra hircus) Slaughtered at Trans-Amadi and Rumuokoro Abattoirs, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Abere Daisy , Robert Belema , Amuzie Chidinma C. , Akani Godfrey C.
Published: March 2020

Helminths are common parasitic fauna of goats. This study was aimed at identifying and quantifying the gastrointestinal helminth parasites of Red Sokoto goats slaughtered at Trans-Amadi and Rumuokoro abattoirs, Rivers State, Nigeria. Fifty intestinal tracts were examined at each location accounting for a total of 100 samples from both locations. Samples were weighed and dissected; direct microscopy was used to examine samples for adult helminths and test-tube floatation technique was used to examine organic matter from samples for parasite eggs. Nematodes were identified using keys and fixed in 70% alcohol. Prevalence and mean intensity of infection were computed; product moment correlation and Student t-tests were used for statistical analysis. Two nematode parasites were identified- Haemonchus contortus and Trichuris ovis. In Trans Amadi, prevalence and mean intensity of infection were 46.0% and 13 parasites/infected host, respectively for H. contortus, and 54.0% and 11 parasites/infected host for T. ovis. In Rumuokoro, prevalence of 38.0% and 52.0% were computed for H. contortus and T. ovis, respectively, while the mean intensity were 6 and 8 parasites/infected host, respectively for H. contortus and T. ovis. Single infection with Trichuris ovis was higher (30% Trans Amadi; 34% Rumuokoro) than either single infection with H. contortus or double infection with both parasites. There was a significant correlation between the parasite burden and intestinal mass at Trans-Amadi (r48=0.33, P0.05=0.279), but not at Rumuokoro (r48=0.10, P0.05=0.279). The total prevalence and prevalence of single and double infection at both locations did not differ significantly (t3=0.93, p=0.21). Agricultural extension and meat inspection services should be carried out regularly to educate farmers on the symptoms, impacts, treatment and management of helminth parasites.
How to be positive
Authors: Vanden Wyngaerd Guido , Starke Michal , De Clercq Karen , Caha Pavel
Published: March 2020

In this paper, we discuss a cross-linguistically rare pattern of comparative formation found in Slovak. This pattern is theoretically interesting, because it violates a candidate universal on the relationship between the positive and the comparative degree. The universal, discussed in Grano & Davis (2018), says that the comparative is always either identical to, or derived from, the positive degree. This universal is violated by a number of adjectives in Slovak. These adjectives have a suffix -k in the positive degree, which is absent in the comparative. We capture this pattern in terms of a non-containment structure of the positive and the comparative degrees and the nanosyntax model of spellout (Starke 2009 et seq.).
Dystopia and Transcendence: Tavener’s Music for Children of Men
Authors: Meyer Stephen C.
Published: March 2020

Among the selections used for the score to Alfonso Cuarón’s Children of Men are two works by John Tavener: Eternity’s Sunrise (1997) and Fragments of a Prayer, written, as the composer says, “in response” to the film. The pairing of Tavener’s music with scenes of dystopian violence articulates spiritual processes of witness and grief, processes which find fulfillment in the final scene of the film.
Mothers and Parents’ Marital Relations: Influential Agents in Father-Child Relations
Authors: Celik Hilal
Published: March 2020

This study examines how parents’ marital relations and the explicit and implicit messages conveyed by mothers to their children about their fathers affect father-child relationships. A homogeneous sampling method was used to select as the participants nine women and seven men, aged 18-20 (x = 18.88), all of whom were students in the Departments of Turkish Language (N=6), Mathematics (N=5), and Psychological Counseling at Marmara University in Istanbul, Turkey. The data were collected using the semi-structured, in-depth interviewing technique and were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenology Analysis. This study identified three overarching themes as part of the analysis: (i) children’s varying interpersonal boundary relationships with their parents, (ii) relationship issues in the parents’ marriage which affect the father-child relationship, and (iii) inconsistency in the messages conveyed by mothers regarding the fathers. The findings are explained within the contexts of Turkish culture, family therapies, and the extent literature on fatherhood.
La función de los curas doctrineros. Una exploración a partir del caso de Córdoba (fines del siglo XVIII y principios del siglo XIX)
Authors: Artero Ituarte Inti Yanasu
Published: March 2020

Este artigo estuda o papel dos sacerdotes doutrinários na diocese de Córdoba (Argentina) entre 1778 e 1837. Propõe-se observar as definições da tarefa dos doutrinários e as funções que os sacerdotes devem desempenhar no comando da doutrina dos índios. A pesquisa analisa os regulamentos eclesiásticos e civis observando seu alcance e as ações dos doutrinários. Trabalhamos com documentos pertencentes ao Arquivo do Arcebispado de Córdoba (AAC), particularmente com nomeações de padres, concursos, demandas dos curas e visitas canônicas.
Estimation of subnational tuberculosis burden: generation and application of a new tool in Indonesia
Authors: Parwati C. G. , Farid M. N. , Nasution H. S. , Sulistyo  , Basri C. , Lolong D. , Gebhard A. , Tiemersma E. W. , Pambudi I. , Surya A. , Houben R. M. G. J.
Published: March 2020

SETTING: In many high tuberculosis (TB) burden countries, there is substantial geographical heterogeneity in TB burden. In addition, decisions on TB funding and policy are highly decentralised. Subnational estimates of burden, however, are usually unavailable for planning and
target setting.OBJECTIVE and DESIGN: We developed a statistical model termed SUBsET to estimate the distribution of the national TB incidence through a weighted score using selected variables, and applied the model to the 514 districts in Indonesia, which have substantial policy
and budgetary autonomy in TB. Estimated incidence was compared to reported facility and domicile-based notifications to estimate the case detection rate (CDR). Local stakeholders led model development and dissemination.RESULTS: The final SUBsET model included district population
size, level of urbanisation, socio-economic indicators (living floor space and high school completion), human immunodeficiency virus prevalence and air pollution. We estimated district-level TB incidence to be between 201 and 2,485/100 000/year. The facility-based CDR varied between
0 and 190%, with high variation between neighbouring districts, suggesting strong cross-district health utilisation, which was confirmed by domicile-based CDR estimation. SUBsET results informed district-level TB action plans across Indonesia.CONCLUSION: The SUBsET model could be
used to estimate the subnational burden in high-burden countries and inform TB policymaking at the relevant decentralised administrative level.
Air pollution interventions and respiratory health: a systematic review
Authors: Saleh S. , Shepherd W. , Jewell C. , Lam N. L. , Balmes J. , Bates M. N. , Lai P. S. , Ochieng C. A. , Chinouya M. , Mortimer K.
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND: Indoor and ambient air pollution exposure is a major risk to respiratory health worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Interventional trials have mainly focused on alternatives to cooking stoves, with mixed results. Beyond cooking, additional
sources of particulate matter also contribute to the burden of air pollution exposure. This review explores evidence from current randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the clinical effectiveness of interventions to reduce particulate matter in LMICs.METHODS: Twelve databases and
the grey literature (e.g., Government reports and policy papers) were searched. Eligible studies were RCTs conducted in LMICs aiming to reduce particulate exposure from any source and reporting on at least one clinical respiratory outcome (respiratory symptoms, lung function or clinical diagnoses).
Data from relevant studies were systematically extracted, the risk of bias assessed and narrative synthesis provided.RESULTS: Of the 14 included studies, 12 tested ‘improved' cookstoves, most using biomass, but solar and bioethanol cookers were also included. One trial used
solar lamps and another was an integrated intervention incorporating behavioural and environmental components for the treatment and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Of the six studies reporting child pneumonia outcomes, none demonstrated significant benefit in intention-to-treat
analysis. Ten studies reported respiratory symptom outcomes with some improvements seen, but self-reporting made these outcomes highly vulnerable to bias. Substantial inter-study clinical and methodological heterogeneity precluded calculation of pooled effect estimates.CONCLUSION:
Evidence from the RCTs performed to date suggests that individual household-level interventions for air pollution exposure reduction have limited benefits for respiratory health. More comprehensive approaches to air pollution exposure reduction must be developed so their potential health benefits
can be assessed.
Dealing with categorical missing data using CleanerR
Authors: Pereira Rafael S. , Porto Fabio
Published: March 2020

Missing data is a common problem in the world of data analysis. They appear in datasets due to a multitude of reasons, from data integration to poor data input. When faced with the problem, the analyst must decide what to do with the missing data since its not always advisable to discard these values from your analysis. On this paper we shall discuss a method that takes into account information theory and functional dependencies to best imput missing values.
Post-Byzantine Music Manuscripts as a Source for Oriental Secular Music (15th to Early 19th Century)
Authors: Kalaitzidis Kyriakos
Published: March 2020

The idea for this English edition of Kyriakos Kalaitzidis’ Ph.D. thesis came into being during the conference entitled "Writing the History of "Ottoman Music"", which was organized by the Orient-Institut Istanbul in cooperation with the State Conservatory for Turkish Music of the Technical University Istanbul in November 2011. It was planned to invite Kyriakos Kalaitzidis to share his experience as a performing musician, but he proposed a paper on Ottoman music in post-Byzantine music manuscripts. As it turned out almost none of the Turkish and international experts on Ottoman music in attendance had ever heard about this research and these sources. The paper itself caused a true sensation: By mining diverse post-Byzantine manuscript collections in libraries and monasteries for the first time, Kyria-kos Kalaitzidis discovered about 4,200 pages of previously unknown notations of secular Greek, Ottoman and Persian music. After the publication of two known collections of Ottoman art music prior to the 19th century, Ali Ufki’s Mecmua and the collection of Cantemir, these new sources promise a third outstanding historical corpus of compositions.
Wood Adhesive Fillers Used during the Manufacture of Wood Panel Products
Authors: Cao Long , Zhou Xiaojian , Du Guanben
Published: March 2020

During the manufacture of wood panel products, fillers are commonly added to wood adhesives to lower costs and give body to liquid adhesives and also reduce undesired flow or overpenetration into wood. The fillers used in wood adhesives are often neutral or weakly alkaline compounds that typically require no chemical reaction with curing agent, or other components. Fillers are mixed with other components prior to the application of resin on the surface of wood, wood veneer, or wood flakes. Fillers can be either organic (e.g., rye, wheat, walnut shell, and wood flours), or inorganic (e.g., calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, aluminum oxide, or bentonites). Overall, fillers are low-cost materials for improving the properties of wood or even give it new functions.
Classified Advertising
Authors: Library Association American
Published: March 2020

Classified Advertising
Den svenska välfärdsstaten under 1990-talet. Vad kan Danmark lära av de svenska erfarenheterna?
Authors: Lindbom Anders
Published: March 2020

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Resourcing the Information Literacy Space
Authors: Feekery Angela , Emerson Lisa
Published: March 2020

Teachers and students are important stakeholders in the information literacy (IL) space. Yet, talking about IL beyond the library can be like speaking a foreign language or engaging with a narrow ‘research skills’ focus. Our project explored what the information literacy space we inhabit looks like and sought ways to develop a common language. We see this space as capturing the unique contribution libraries and librarians, disciplines and teachers, digital information ecosystems and tools, and institutional learning contexts have on creating capable, critical, information literate learners.

As part of this project, we define IL as involving the processes, strategies, skills, competencies, expertise and ways of thinking which enable individuals to engage with information to learn across a range of platforms (both digital and traditional learning environments), to transform the known, and discover the unknown.

In this presentation, I will share three key resources developed to extend the IL conversation into secondary school and tertiary sector classrooms and libraries within this project:  

The Feekery Information Literacy Model – This model captures different literacies underpinned by IL within cross-sector learning contexts. It is designed to foster a shared understanding of IL. 

The ‘Are You Ready’ Self-awareness Rubric - This tool enables students to self-assess their readiness for tertiary study, teachers to develop appropriate resources and curricula, and researchers to measure the success of teachers’ literacy strategies in terms of student learning.

The Rauru Whakarare Evaluation Framework – An evaluation approach using indigenous knowledge to critique and engage deeply with information. It supports teachers, students and librarians to explore information quality and its contribution to learning. 

I will share insights into the resources’ development, their use during our collaborative partnership project, and insights about how these resources supported teachers, librarians, and students to actively engage in the information literacy space.
The complete chloroplast genomes of seventeen Aegilops tauschii: genome comparative analysis and phylogenetic inference
Authors: Su Qing , Liu Luxian , Zhao Mengyu , Zhang Cancan , Zhang Dale , Li Youyong , Li Suoping
Published: March 2020

The D genome progenitor of bread wheat, Aegilops tauschii Cosson (DD, 2n = 2x = 14), which is naturally distributed in Central Eurasia, ranging from northern Syria and Turkey to western China, is considered a potential genetic resource for improving bread wheat. In this study, the chloroplast (cp) genomes of 17 Ae. tauschii accessions were reconstructed. The cp genome sizes ranged from 135,551 bp to 136,009 bp and contained a typical quadripartite structure of angiosperms. Within these genomes, we identified a total of 124 functional genes, including 82 protein-coding genes, 34 transfer RNA genes and eight ribosomal RNA genes, with 17 duplicated genes in the IRs. Although the comparative analysis revealed that the genomic structure (gene order, gene number and IR/SC boundary regions) is conserved, a few variant loci were detected, predominantly in the non-coding regions (intergenic spacer regions). The phylogenetic relationships determined based on the complete genome sequences were consistent with the hypothesis that Ae. tauschii populations in the Yellow River region of China originated in South Asia not Xinjiang province or Iran, which could contribute to more effective utilization of wild germplasm resources. Furthermore, we confirmed that Ae. tauschii was derived from monophyletic speciation rather than hybrid speciation at the cp genome level. We also identified four variable genomic regions, rpl32-trnL-UAG, ccsA-ndhD, rbcL-psaI and rps18-rpl20, showing high levels of nucleotide polymorphisms, which may accordingly prove useful as cpDNA markers in studying the intraspecific genetic structure and diversity of Ae. tauschii.
Hop-derived Xanthohumol Induces HL-60 Leukemia Cells Death
Authors: Pacurari M. , Brown H. , Rieland A.
Published: March 2020

Background: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) affects both kids and adults, however it is more prevalent in younger population. Although APL has a favorable prognostic, patients that relapse often do not respond positively to additional chemotherapy. Therefore, there is a need to further identify ways to overcome these challenges. 

Hypothesis: In this study, we examined antileukemic effects of xanthohumol (XN), a prenylated flavonoid derived from hops (Humulus lupulus L), on human promyelocytic HL-60 cells. 

Materials and Methods: HL-60 cells were exposed to different concentrations of XN (μM) for 24 h. Cell viability, cell morphology, chromatin condensation, cPARP-1 level, and caspase-3 activation, and the expression of p21WAF1/Cip1 were analyzed.

Results: XN reduced HL-60 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. XN induced a dose-dependent morphological changes including cell shrinkage and blebbing, and significantly increased the number of cells with condensed chromatin. XN significantly increased the level of cPARP-1, active caspase-3, and the expression of p21WAF/CIP mRNA.

Conclusion: These data indicate that XN induces HL-60 cell death by regulating cell cycle progression and apoptosis. This study suggests that XN may have antileukemic preventive effects.
Carrier Multiplication in PbS Quantum Dots Anchored on a Au Tip using Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy
Authors: Kim Sung‐Tae , Kim Ji‐Hee , Lee Young Hee
Published: March 2020

Carrier multiplication (CM) is the amplification of the excited carrier density by two times or more when the incident photon energy is larger than twice the bandgap of semiconductors. A practical approach to demonstrate the CM involves the direct measurement of photocurrent in the device. Specifically, photocurrent measurement in quantum dots (QDs) is typically limited by high contact resistance and long carrier‐transfer length, which yields a low CM conversion efficiency and high CM threshold energy. Here, the local photocurrent is measured to evaluate the CM quantum efficiency from a QD‐attached Au tip of a conductive atomic force microscope (CAFM) system. The photocurrent is efficiently measured between the PbS QDs anchored on a Au tip and a graphene layer on a SiO2/Si substrate as a counter electrode, yielding an extremely short channel length that reduces the contact resistance. The quantum efficiency extracted from the local photocurrent data with an incident photon energy exhibits a step‐like behavior. More importantly, the CM threshold energy is as low as twice the bandgap, which is the lowest threshold energy of optically observed QDs to date. This enables the CAFM‐based photocurrent technique to directly evaluate the CM conversion efficiency in low‐dimensional materials.
Expert consensus on the clinical application of enhanced external counterpulsation in elderly people (2019)
Authors: Lin Shen , Xiao‐ming Wang , Gui‐fu Wu
Published: March 2020

Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is a non‐invasive assisted circulation technique and a rich pool of evidence has accumulated for its clinical application in the prevention and management of multiple comorbidities in the elderly population, including angina, heart failure, ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, sleep disorder, diabetes and its complications, ischemic eye diseases, sudden hearing loss and erectile dysfunction, as well as various psychological and psychiatric conditions. When applying EECP to elderly patients, emphasis should be placed on issues such as safety assessment, risk management and protocol individualization, as well as the monitoring of efficacy during and after treatment.
Experimental research on NO emission with coal preheating combustion technology
Authors: Liu Wen , Ouyang Ziqu , Na Yongjie , Cao Xiaoyang , Zhu Shujun
Published: March 2020

Coal preheating combustion technology was adopted to achieve stable combustion and low NO emission of Shenmu semicoke, and an air‐staging method was also used to further reduce NO emission. A series of experiments have been launched on a 30‐kW coal preheating combustion test rig with a coaxial jet triple channel nozzle. In the study, coal preheated characteristics, combustion behavior, and the formation and destruction mechanisms of NO were discussed. Shenmu semicoke could be preheated up to a temperature above 840°C, and stable combustion was easily established; ~63% of the volatile and 59% of carbon were released and converted into coal gas in the self‐preheating burner. Flame images along the axis of the down‐fired combustor were gained, and the images was dark red without obvious flame fronts. The initial generation of NO in the near field of the preheated fuel nozzle exit had impacts on the NO emission, and lower initial NO generation might result in lower NO emission. By decreasing the inner secondary gas (air), increasing the external secondary air and adding CO2 in the secondary gas, the initial NO could be inhibited effectively, which finally controlled the NO emission. However, the CO emission might increase in turn generally. In the research, the NOX emissions were <180 mg/m3 (@6% O2) with the lowest <80 mg/m3. To achieve an optimal scheme of NO emission and CO emission, some adjustment methods need to be applied synchronously.
Estimating the distribution of heterogeneous treatment effects from treatment responses and from a predictive biomarker in a parallel‐group RCT: A structural model approach
Authors: Laubender Ruediger P. , Mansmann Ulrich , Lauseker Michael
Published: March 2020

When the objective is to administer the best of two treatments to an individual, it is necessary to know his or her individual treatment effects (ITEs) and the correlation between the potential responses (PRs) and under treatments 1 and 0. Data that are generated in a parallel‐group design RCT does not allow the ITE to be determined because only two samples from the marginal distributions of these PRs are observed and not the corresponding joint distribution. This is due to the “fundamental problem of causal inference.” Here, we present a counterfactual approach for estimating the joint distribution of two normally distributed responses to two treatments. This joint distribution of the PRs and can be estimated by assuming a bivariate normal distribution for the PRs and by using a normally distributed baseline biomarker functionally related to the sum . Such a functional relationship is plausible since a biomarker and the sum encode for the same information in an RCT, namely the variation between subjects. The estimation of the joint trivariate distribution is subjected to some constraints. These constraints can be framed in the context of linear regressions with regard to the proportions of variances in the responses explained and with regard to the residual variation. This presents new insights on the presence of treatment–biomarker interactions. We applied our approach to example data on exercise and heart rate and extended the approach to survival data.
Prophylactic salpingectomy for prevention of ovarian cancer at the time of elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Tomasch G , Lemmerer M , Oswald S , Uranitsch S , Schauer C , Schütz A-M , Bliem B , Berger A , Lang P F J , Rosanelli G , Ronaghi F , Tschmelitsch J , Lax S F , Uranues S , Tamussino K
Published: March 2020

Background

Most serous ovarian cancers are now understood to originate in the fallopian tubes. Removing the tubes (salpingectomy) likely reduces the risk of developing high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Numerous gynaecological societies now recommend prophylactic (or opportunistic) salpingectomy at the time of gynaecological surgery in appropriate women, and this is widely done. Salpingectomy at the time of non-gynaecological surgery has not been explored and may present an opportunity for primary prevention of ovarian cancer.

Methods

This study investigated whether prophylactic salpingectomy with the intention of reducing the risk of developing ovarian cancer would be accepted and could be accomplished at the time of elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Women aged at least 45 years scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were recruited. They were counselled and offered prophylactic bilateral salpingectomy at the time of cholecystectomy. Outcome measures were rate of accomplishment of salpingectomy, time and procedural steps needed for salpingectomy, and complications.

Results

A total of 105 patients were included in the study. The rate of acceptance of salpingectomy was approximately 60 per cent. Salpingectomy was performed in 98 of 105 laparoscopic cholecystectomies (93·3 per cent) and not accomplished because of poor visibility or adhesions in seven (6·7 per cent). Median additional operating time was 13 (range 4–45) min. There were no complications attributable to salpingectomy. One patient presented with ovarian cancer 28 months after prophylactic salpingectomy; histological re-evaluation of the tubes showed a previously undetected, focal serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma.

Conclusion

Prophylactic salpingectomy can be done during elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Short- and long-term mortality after liver transplantation in patients with and without hepatocellular carcinoma in the UK
Authors: Wallace D , Cowling T E , Walker K , Suddle A , Rowe I , Callaghan C , Gimson A , Bernal W , Heaton N , van der Meulen J
Published: March 2020

Background

The increasing demand for liver transplantation has led to considerable changes in characteristics of donors and recipients. This study evaluated the short- and long-term mortality of recipients with and without hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the UK between 1997 and 2016.

Methods

First-time elective adult liver transplant recipients in the UK were identified and four successive eras of transplantation were compared. Hazard ratios (HRs) comparing the impact of era on short-term (first 90 days) and longer-term (from 90 days to 5 years) mortality were estimated, with adjustment for recipient and donor characteristics.

Results

Some 1879 recipients with and 7661 without HCC were included. There was an increase in use of organs donated after circulatory death (DCD), from 0 per cent in era 1 to 35·2 per cent in era 4 for recipients with HCC, and from 0·2 to 24·1 per cent for non-HCC recipients. The 3-year mortality rate decreased from 28·3 per cent in era 1 to 16·9 per cent in era 4 (adjusted HR 0·47, 95 per cent c.i. 0·35 to 0·63) for recipients with HCC, and from 20·4 to 9·3 per cent (adjusted HR 0·44, 0·36 to 0·53) for those without HCC. Comparing era 4 with era 1, improvements were more marked in short-term than in long-term mortality, both for recipients with HCC (0–90 days: adjusted HR 0·20, 0·10 to 0·39; 90 days to 5 years: adjusted HR 0·52, 0·35 to 0·75; P = 0·043) and for non-HCC recipients (0–90 days: adjusted HR 0·32, 0·24 to 0·42; 90 days to 5 years: adjusted HR 0·52, 0·40 to 0·67; P = 0·024).

Conclusion

In the past 20 years, the mortality rate after liver transplantation has more than halved, despite increasing use of DCD donors. Improvements in overall survival can be explained by decreases in short-term and longer-term mortality.
RETRACTED: Long noncoding RNA UCA1 promotes cell growth, migration, and invasion by targeting miR‐143‐3p in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Duan Qingyun , Xu Mei , Wu Meng , Zhang Xiong , Gan Min , Jiang Hongbing
Published: March 2020

Background

The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) urothelial carcinoma‐associated 1 (UCA1) is dysregulated in many types of tumors; however, its role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unclear. This study aims to determine the effect of lncRNA UCA1 on OSCC.

Methods

Fifty‐six paired OSCC and adjacent nontumorous tissues were collected and the levels of UCA1, miR‐143‐3p, and MYO6 in the tissues were evaluated by qRT‐PCR. In in vitro experiments, cell viability, migration, and invasion were measured by, respectively, performing CCK‐8, wound healing, and transwell assays. The target relationships among UCA1, miR‐143‐3p, and MYO6 were verified by dual‐luciferase assay. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were carried out to determine the protein levels. Xenograft mouse model was established to explore the effects of UCA1 in vivo.

Results

Levels of UCA1 and MYO6 were increased significantly in OSCC, while the level of miR‐143‐3p was decreased compared with the adjacent nontumorous tissues. UCA1 promoted OSCC cell growth, migration, and invasion both in vitro and in vivo, while miR‐143‐3p reversed the progression. MYO6 was validated as a target for miR‐143‐3p, and MYO6 overexpression reversed the effects of miR‐143‐3p mimic on OSCC cells.

Conclusion

LncRNA UCA1 contributes to the proliferation and metastasis of OSCC cells by targeting miR‐143‐3p and upregulating its downstream gene MYO6. UCA1 could serve as a promising novel target therapy for treatment of OSCC.