bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management preference of deep carious lesion in permanent mature teeth among dentists in Riyadh city
Authors: Elrashid Afra H. , Alsulaiman Nada A. , Alqahtani Alanoud M. , Algholamy Farah M. , Alobaida Abdulaziz M.
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

The management of deep caries lesion can be accomplished by complete caries excavation, partial caries removal, and stepwise excavation techniques. Dentists do not agree on a single management due to available evidence about the effectiveness of different treatment options of deep carious lesion that are inconsistent.

Aim:

The aim is to investigate the attitude and behavior of management preference of deep caries in mature permanent teeth among dentists in Riyadh city. In addition, to compare these findings with academic standards, World Dental Federation and International Caries Consensus cooperation (ICCC).

Materials and Methods:

A randomized cross-sectional study was conducted in which 540 questionnaires were distributed to dentists in Riyadh city. The questionnaire included four clinical scenarios to investigate the participant's attitude and behavior of management preference of deep carious lesion of permanent teeth in Riyadh city in 2019.

Results and Discussion:

Response rate was 74%. Findings illustrate that 86.8% of participants preferred complete caries excavation in case of deep caries with no pain nor risk of pulpal exposure. 41.3% of the participants preferred complete caries excavation in case of deep caries with no pain but risk of pulpal exposure presence. 64.8% participants preferred complete caries excavation in case of deep caries with pain on provocation and no risk of pulpal exposure. 58.3% participants preferred root canal treatment in case of deep caries with pain on provocation and with risk of pulpal exposure. About 76.80% of participants believed that after 2 years from complete caries removal, a high success rate (more than 80%) will result.

Conclusion:

The majority of participants prefer more invasive approaches in the treatment of deep carious lesions and unaware of the minimally invasive dentistry.
Direct bulk-fill resin composite restorations: Characterization of pulpal floor gaps in deep occlusal cavities and current restorative minimization strategies — An overview
Authors: Hassan Khamis A. , Khier Salwa E.
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

When a single mass of bulk-fill resin composite is inserted in a deep occlusal cavity and light cured, it undergoes restrained shrinkage due to bonding to surrounding cavity walls. This shrinkage generates stresses within the mass which are not uniformly distributed due to variations in adhesive bonding to enamel and dentin of surrounding cavity walls. This behavior creates a problem of internal debonding and gap formation at the pulpal floor that results in postoperative sensitivity and persistent tooth pain, as well as failure of the restoration, over the time, due to biodegradation of resin-dentin bond.

Aims:

This paper provides a thorough overview on the debonding problem and gap formation at pulpal floors in deep occlusal cavities restored directly with bulk-fill resin composites. It also reviews the techniques currently available in the literature for reducing this problem.

Materials and Methods:

The data was searched and collected from 2021-2022. A total of 51 articles were included in this review.

Results and Discussion:

Three restorative techniques were recently reported as possible solutions for this problem, all aiming at relieving the developed shrinkage stresses and reducing the pulpal floor gap formation. In the first technique, an intermediate layer of bulk-fill resin composite was placed on the pulpal floor and cured. While in the second technique, a fiber-reinforced layer of bulk-fill resin composite was placed on the pulpal floor and cured. In these two techniques, the restoration was completed by filling the cavity with a mass of bulk-fill resin composite and curing it. As for the third technique “the semi-split bulk-filling technique”, a diagonal gap was cut in the uncured mass of bulk-fill resin composite, extending halfway in pulpal direction through the composite bulk, followed by curing. Then, the created gap was filled with the same bulk-fill resin composite to complete the restoration and followed by curing.

Conclusion:

The three restorative techniques reported in this paper are possible solutions to the problem of debonding and gap formation at pulpal floors in deep occlusal cavities restored directly using bulk-fill resin composites. They all relieve the developed shrinkage stresses and reduce the pulpal floor gap formation.
Prosthetic management of resorbed ridges through fabrication of hollow denture using three-dimensional glycerin spacer and neutral zone technique
Authors: Rathee Manu , Chahal Sujata , Jain Prachi , Divakar S , Singh Sandeep , Tomar Sarthak Singh
Published: September 2024

Residual ridge resorption leads to diminished retention, support, and stability of the prosthesis due to decrease in the denture supporting areas, decreased denture space, and increased leverage due to increase inter-ridge distance. The prosthetic rehabilitation of the severely resorbed ridges needs modification for the fabrication of a stable prosthesis. This clinical report describes the prosthetic management of resorbed ridges using modified impression technique, neutral zone technique, external impressions, and fabrication of a hollow denture using three-dimensional glycerin spacer to enhance the retention and stability of the prosthesis.
Endodontic management of maxillary second molar with two separated palatal roots
Authors: AlDhbaan Abdulrahman Abdullah , Aldhaban Omar Abdulaziz , Al-Hawwas Abdullah
Published: September 2024

Awareness of root canal morphology and variations is a crucial factor in successful root canal therapy. The prevalence of two palatal roots in a maxillary second molar is very rare. This study aimed to describe a case report of root canals treatment of a maxillary second molar with two palatal roots. Careful digital radiograph also cone-beam computed tomography examination seems necessary for the detection of variations.
Mandibular impacted supernumerary premolar case report
Authors: Alhujhuj Rakan Rafdan , Almahdi Hatim Mohammed
Published: September 2024

Dental developmental anomalies include diverse conditions that may arise due to changes during teeth development. Supernumerary teeth in the premolar region rarely occur (8%–9.1%). The present study, reports an incidence of impacted supernumerary tooth in the mandibular premolar region in a subjectively symptomless, nonsyndromic patient. Cone-beam computed tomography is highly effective in detecting and localizing supernumerary teeth. Furthermore, it enhances decision-making and clinical findings regarding interventions. In addition to the possibility of multiple complications, supernumerary teeth require prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Balamuthia mandrillaris
Authors: Bhosale Namrata K. , Parija Subhash Chandra
Published: September 2024

Balamuthia mandrillaris is an opportunistic, free-living ameba that is pathogenic to humans. It has a worldwide distribution but is mainly detected in warmer regions. Balamuthia infections are rare but have been reported in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals of all ages. B. mandrillaris can enter through wounds on the skin or the nose and cause cutaneous lesions and the usually fatal Balamuthia amebic encephalitis (BAE). Infection usually spreads from the lungs or through nerve fibers, and attacks the central nervous system, forming granulomatous lesions and necrosis in the brain. Balamuthia infection is usually chronic, and patients initially present with nonspecific symptoms, including headache, nausea, myalgia, and low-grade fever. As the disease progresses, the patient becomes paralyzed and comatose, often leading to death. Lack of knowledge of predisposing factors, specific treatment, and standardized detection tools have resulted in a nearly cent percent fatality rate. Although only about 200 cases have been reported worldwide since its characterization in the 1990s, the number of reported cases has increased over the years. BAE is an emerging disease and a major health concern. Few patients have survived Balamuthia infections with antimicrobial treatment that has largely been empirical. Early diagnosis is the key and requires familiarity with the disease and a high degree of suspicion on the part of the diagnostician. There are currently no specific treatment and prevention recommendations. This review highlights our current understanding of B. mandrillaris in terms of its pathogenicity, genomics, and novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches against BAE infections.
Primate malaria of human importance
Authors: Mewara Abhishek , Sreenivasan Priya , Khurana Sumeeta
Published: September 2024

Nonhuman primate (NHP) malaria poses a major threat to the malaria control programs. The last two decades have witnessed a paradigm shift in our understanding of the malaria caused by species other than the traditionally known human Plasmodium species – Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, and Plasmodium ovale. The emergence of the malaria parasite of long-tailed macaque monkeys, Plasmodium knowlesi, as the fifth malaria species of humans has made the scientific community consider the risk of other zoonotic malaria, such as Plasmodium cynomolgi, Plasmodium simium, Plasmodium inui, and others, to humans. The development of knowledge about P. knowlesi as a pathogen which was earlier only known to experimentally cause malaria in humans and rarely cause natural infection, toward its acknowledgment as a significant cause of human malaria and a threat of malaria control programs has been made possible by the use of advanced molecular techniques such as polymerase chain reaction and gene sequencing. This review explores the various aspects of NHP malaria, and the association of various factors with their emergence and potential to cause human malaria which are important to understand to be able to control these emerging infections.
Prevalence, Clinical, and Demographic Characteristics of Concomitant Dengue Fever and Leptospirosis among Acute Dengue Fever Patients in The Western Province of Sri Lanka
Authors: Samarakoon P. S. M. J. Upeksha , Karunanayake Lilani , Muthugala Rohitha , Karunanayake Panduka
Published: September 2024

Dengue and leptospirosis are hyperendemic diseases in Sri Lanka. We aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical manifestations of concomitant infections of leptospirosis and acute dengue infection (ADI) in clinically suspected dengue patients. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in five hospitals in the Western Province, from December 2018 to April 2019. Venous blood and sociodemographic and clinical details were collected from clinically suspected adult dengue patients. Acute dengue was confirmed by DENV NS1 antigen ELISA, IgM ELISA, IgG ELISA, and IgG quantification assay. Leptospirosis was confirmed by the microscopic agglutination test and real-time polymerase chain reaction. There were 386 adult patients. The median age was 29 years, with male predominance. Among them, 297 (76.9%) were laboratory confirmed as ADI. Concomitant leptospirosis was present in 23 (7.74%) patients. In the concomitant group, the majority (65.2%) were female, in contrast to ADI (46.7%). Myalgia was significantly more common in patients with acute dengue fever. All other symptoms were similar in both groups. In conclusion, the 7.74% of patients of ADI had concomitant leptospirosis, and it was more common in females.
Перекладывания отрезков с нулевым инвариантом Са-Арну-Фати
Authors: Skripchenko Alexandra Sergeevna
Published: September 2024

Работа посвящена ключевым эргодическим свойствам - минимальности, строгой эргодичности, слабому перемешиванию - перекладываний отрезков, имеющих нулевой инвариант Са-Арну-Фати. У таких перекладываний отрезков возникают рациональные соотношения между длинами, поэтому к ним не могут применяться стандартные результаты М. Кина, Х. Мазура, У. Вича и других и работа с такими отображениями требует привлечения новых инструментов. В работе с помощью методов символической динамики впервые строятся примеры псевдоаносовских слоений на ориентируемой поверхности, обладающих свойством слабого перемешивания, для которых инвариант Са-Арну-Фати отвечающих этому слоению перекладываний отрезков равен нулю. Работа также содержит обзор известных результатов и формулировки наиболее интересных открытых задач и новых гипотез.
Current research status of transarterial therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Mao-Ting , Zhang Peng , Mao Qi , Wei Xiao-Qin , Yang Lin , Zhang Xiao-Ming
Published: September 2024

With continuous advancements in interventional radiology, considerable progress has been made in transarterial therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in recent years, and an increasing number of research papers on transarterial therapies for HCC have been published. In this editorial, we comment on the article by Ma et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastro intestinal Oncology: “Efficacy and predictive factors of transarterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinib plus programmed cell death protein-1 inhibition for unresectable HCC”. We focus specifically on the current research status and future directions of transarterial therapies. In the future, more studies are needed to determine the optimal transarterial local treatment for HCC. With the emergence of checkpoint immunotherapy modalities, it is expected that the results of trials of transarterial local therapy combined with systemic therapy will bring new hope to HCC patients.
Roles of the tumor microenvironment in the resistance to programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitors in patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Xia Ren-Jie , Du Xiao-Yu , Shen Li-Wen , Ma Jian-Guo , Xu Shu-Mei , Fan Rui-Fang , Qin Jian-Wei , Yan Long
Published: September 2024

Despite the continuous developments and advancements in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC), which is one of the most prevalent types of cancer in China, the overall survival is still poor for most patients with advanced GC. In recent years, with the progress in tumor immunology research, attention has shifted toward immunotherapy as a therapeutic approach for GC. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors, as novel immunosuppressive medications, have been widely utilized in the treatment of GC. However, many patients are still resistant to PD-1 inhibitors and experience recurrence in the advanced stages of PD-1 immunotherapy. To reduce the occurrence of drug resistance and recurrence in GC patients receiving PD-1 immunotherapy, to maximize the clinical activity of immunosuppressive drugs, and to elicit a lasting immune response, it is essential to research the tumor microenvironment mechanisms leading to PD-1 inhibitor resistance in GC patients. This article reviews the progress in studying the factors influencing the resistance to PD-1 inhibitors in the GC tumor microenvironment, aiming to provide insights and a basis for reducing resistance to PD-1 inhibitors for GC patients in the future.
Inflammation-related markers and prognosis of alpha-fetoprotein producing gastric cancer
Authors: Zhang Lu , Chen Yan-Ping , Ji Min , Ying Le-Qian , Huang Chun-Chun , Zhou Jing-Yi , Liu Lin
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Inflammation-related markers including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) could reflect tumor immune microenvironment and predict prognosis of cancers. However, it had not been explored in alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) producing gastric cancer (GC).

AIM

To determine the predictive value of inflammation-related peripheral blood markers including as NLR, PLR, MLR, SII, SIRI and PNI in the prognosis of AFP- producing GC (AFPGC). Besides, this study would also compare the differences in tumor immune microenvironment, clinical characteristics and prognosis between AFPGC and AFP- GC patients to improve the understanding of this disease.

METHODS

573 patients enrolled were retrospectively studied. They were divided into AFP+ group (AFP ≥ 20 ng/mL) and AFP- group (AFP < 20 ng/mL), comparing the levels of NLR/PLR/MLR/SII/SIRI/PNI and prognosis. In AFP+ group, the impact of NLR/PLR/MLR/SII/SIRI/PNI and their dynamic changes on prognosis were further explored.

RESULTS

Compared with AFP- patients, AFP+ patients had higher NLR/PLR/MLR/SII/SIRI and lower PNI levels and poorer overall survival (OS). In the AFP+ group, mortality was significantly lower in the lower NLR/PLR/MLR/SII/SIRI group and higher PNI group. Moreover, the dynamic increase (NLR/PLR/MLR/SII/SIRI) or decrease (PNI) was associated with the rise of mortality within 1 year of follow-up.

CONCLUSION

Compared with AFP- patients, the level of inflammation-related peripheral blood markers significantly increased in AFP+ patients, which was correlated with OS of AFP+ patients. Also, the gradual increase of SII and SIRI was associated with the risk of death within one year in AFP+ patients. AFPGC should be considered as a separate type and distinguished from AFP- GC because of the difference in tumor immune microenvironment. It requires basic experiments and large clinical samples in the future.
Impact of baseline steroids on the efficacy of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Huang Yuan-Heng , Yang Guo-Zhen , Chen Hui-Guo , Li Xiao-Jun , Wu Yong-Hui , Zhang Kai , Xu Jian-Nan , Zhang Jian
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Immunochemotherapy involving the combination of programmed cell death 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 inhibitors with chemotherapy has advanced the treatment of locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The use of corticosteroids as pretreatment might reduce immunotherapy efficacy.

AIM

To investigate the impact of baseline corticosteroid use on neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (nIC) outcomes in locally advanced ESCC patients.

METHODS

Patients with locally advanced ESCC who received nIC at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were included. Patients were divided into dexamethasone and antihistamine groups on the basis of the administered pretreatment. Antiallergic efficacy and safety were evaluated, as well as its impact on short-term efficacy [complete pathological response (pCR), major pathological response (MPR)] and long-term efficacy [overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS)] of nIC.

RESULTS

From September 2019 to September 2023, 142 patients were analyzed. No severe treatment-related adverse events or deaths were observed. Allergy occurrence was greater in the antihistamine group (P = 0.014). Short-term efficacy was not significantly different: The pCR rates were 29.9% and 40.0%, and the MPR rates were 57.9% and 65.7% in the dexamethasone and antihistamine groups, respectively. The long-term efficacy was not significantly different: The 2 years OS rates were 95.2% and 93.5%, and the 2 years PFS rates were 90.3% and 87.8%. Subgroup analysis revealed no difference in OS between the 20 mg dexamethasone group and the < 20 mg dexamethasone group, but PFS was significantly greater in the 20 mg dexamethasone group (93.9% vs 56.4%, P = 0.001).

CONCLUSION

Dexamethasone or antihistamines can be used before nIC in locally advanced ESCC without affecting short- or long-term efficacy. Administering 20 mg dexamethasone before nIC may improve PFS in ESCC.
Clinical characteristics of patients with early gastric prematurity cancer and analysis of complications by endoscopic resection
Authors: Zhao Hong , Shi Xiang-Yu , Lv Li-Li , Lai Yan-Zong , Bao Xiao-Xiao , Hu Jian-Wen
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Gastric cancer, a prevalent malignancy, poses a severe threat to the health of residents in China. Timely intervention in early stages can extend patients’ survival.

AIM

To analyze clinical characteristics of patients with early gastric cancer and efficacy and risk of complications associated with endoscopic resection.

METHODS

This study included 175 patients with early gastric cancer treated at our hospital, with no restrictions on sex or age. General data, pathological information, and endoscopic biopsy results were obtained. The clinical characteristics of early gastric cancer were analyzed, and endoscopic resection was performed. Postoperative efficacy and incidence of complications were monitored. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 and GraphPad Prism 8.0 software.

RESULTS

A total of 175 patients with early gastric cancer were included, with 75.43% (n = 132) males and 24.57% (n = 43) females. 38.29% (n = 67) and 35.43% (n = 62) of patients had a history of smoking and alcohol consumption, respectively. Comorbidities included diabetes (8.57%, n = 15), coronary heart disease (10.29%, n = 18), and hypertension (43.43%, n = 76), which was highly prevalent. A history of abdominal surgery and family history of digestive system cancer accounted for 21.14% and 17.14%, respectively. The most common lesion location was the antral part of the stomach (52.00%, n = 91), followed by the gastric angle, body, and fundus. The pathological types were predominantly high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (28.00%, n = 49) and well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (26.86%, n = 47), followed by moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, high-moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, and moderate-lowly differentiated adenocarcinoma. 89.14% of the patients had intestinal metaplasia and 85.14% had atrophy. After endoscopic resection, re-examination revealed that 13 patients had cancer cells at the tissue margin, with a positive margin rate of 7.43%. Postoperative complications included no cases of gastrointestinal obstruction, but incisional infection (2.86%, n = 5), gastric perforation (1.14%, n = 2), and gastric bleeding (4%, n = 7) were present, with an overall incidence of 8.00%.

CONCLUSION

Analysis of the clinical characteristics indicated that early gastric cancer is more prevalent in males with a history of hypertension, with lesions most commonly occurring in the antral region of the stomach. The pathological types are often high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, with over 85% of patients having comorbid intestinal metaplasia and atrophy. Despite endoscopic resection, a positive margin rate persisted, indicating a probability of residual cancer at the margins. Postoperative complications, such as gastrointestinal obstruction, incisional infection, gastric perforation, and gastric bleeding can occur and require timely symptomatic treatment.
Resveratrol inhibits pancreatic cancer proliferation and metastasis by depleting senescent tumor-associated fibroblasts
Authors: Jiang He , Wang Guo-Tai , Wang Zheng , Ma Qing-Yong , Ma Zhen-Hua
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Pancreatic cancer, a formidable gastrointestinal neoplasm, is characterized by its insidious onset, rapid progression, and resistance to treatment, which often lead to a grim prognosis. While the complex pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer is well recognized, recent attention has focused on the oncogenic roles of senescent tumor-associated fibroblasts. However, their precise role in pancreatic cancer remains unknown. Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol known for its multifaceted biological actions, including antioxidative and neuroprotective properties, as well as its potential to inhibit tumor proliferation and migration. Our current investigation builds on prior research and reveals the remarkable ability of resveratrol to inhibit pancreatic cancer proliferation and metastasis.

AIM

To explore the potential of resveratrol in inhibiting pancreatic cancer by targeting senescent tumor-associated fibroblasts.

METHODS

Immunofluorescence staining of pancreatic cancer tissues revealed prominent coexpression of α-SMA and p16. HP-1 expression was determined using immunohistochemistry. Cells were treated with the senescence-inducing factors known as 3CKs. Long-term growth assays confirmed that 3CKs significantly decreased the CAF growth rate. Western blotting was conducted to assess the expression levels of p16 and p21. Immunofluorescence was performed to assess LaminB1 expression. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the levels of several senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors, including IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, MMP-2, MMP-9, CXCL1, and CXCL12. A scratch assay was used to assess the migratory capacity of the cells, whereas Transwell assays were used to evaluate their invasive potential.

RESULTS

Specifically, we identified the presence of senescent tumor-associated fibroblasts within pancreatic cancer tissues, linking their abundance to cancer progression. Intriguingly, Resveratrol effectively eradicated these fibroblasts and hindered their senescence, which consequently impeded pancreatic cancer progression.

CONCLUSION

This groundbreaking discovery reinforces Resveratrol's stature as a potential antitumor agent and positions senescent tumor-associated fibroblasts as pivotal contenders in future therapeutic strategies against pancreatic cancer.
Perfect Monomial Prediction for Modular Addition
Authors: Hu Kai , Yap Trevor
Published: September 2024

Modular addition is often the most complex component of typical Addition- Rotation-XOR (ARX) ciphers, and the division property is the most effective tool for detecting integral distinguishers. Thus, having a precise division property model for modular addition is crucial in the search for integral distinguishers in ARX ciphers. Current division property models for modular addition either (a) express the operation as a Boolean circuit and apply standard propagation rules for basic operations (COPY, XOR, AND), or (b) treat it as a sequence of smaller functions with carry bits, modeling each function individually. Both approaches were originally proposed for the twosubset bit-based division property (2BDP), which is theoretically imprecise and may overlook some balanced bits.Recently, more precise versions of the division property, such as parity sets, threesubset bit-based division property without unknown subsets (3BDPwoU) or monomial prediction (MP), and algebraic transition matrices have been proposed. However, little attention has been given to modular addition within these precise models.The propagation rule for the precise division property of a vectorial Boolean function f requires that u can propagate to v if and only if the monomial πu(x) appears in πv(f). Braeken and Semaev (FSE 2005) studied the algebraic structure of modular addition and showed that for x ⊞ y = z, the monomial πu(x)πv(y) appears in πw(z) if and only if u + v = w. Their theorem directly leads to a precise division property model for modular addition. Surprisingly, this model has not been applied in division property searches, to the best of our knowledge.In this paper, we apply Braeken and Semaev’s theorem to search for integral distinguishers in ARX ciphers, leading to several new results. First, we improve the state-of-the-art integral distinguishers for all variants of the Speck family, significantly enhancing search efficiency for Speck-32/48/64/96 and detecting new integral distinguishers for Speck-48/64/96/128. Second, we determine the exact degrees of output bits for 7-round Speck-32 and all/16/2 output bits for 2/3/4-round Alzette for the first time. Third, we revisit the choice of rotation parameters in Speck instances, providing a criterion that enhances resistance against integral distinguishers. Additionally, we offer a simpler proof for Braeken and Semaev’s theorem using monomial prediction, demonstrating the potential of division property methods in the study of Boolean functions.We hope that the proposed methods will be valuable in the future design of ARX ciphers.
The Southern Chinese Eclectic Style Wall Floral Ornamentation of Sun Yat Sen Mainsion, George Town, Penang
Authors: ZAKARIA ABDUL HAKIM
Published: September 2024

The Sun Yat Sen Mansion, located in the Armenian Street historic district of George Town, Penang, is a shophouse that has been meticulously transformed into a Peranakan private museum. The building has its own history, which stems from Dr. Sun Yat Sen's involvement with the Chinese revolutionary movement. Despite the fact that Sun Yat Sen is regarded as one of the greatest leaders in contemporary China, his political career was marked by continual conflict and repeated exile. Sun Yat Sen Mansion is one example of an architectural heritage building with beautiful ornamentations of Straits Settlement shophouses. Shophouses and townhouses are listed under UNESCO as a World Heritage Site, possess unique architectural and cultural characteristics. The building is influenced by the Southern Chinese Eclectic Style (1840s–1900s), where Chinese masons contributed their methods and supplies. Additionally, ornamental details and ventilation holes have been added. Ornamentation such as floral and fauna has been applied to this building's facade to create eye-catching colours, making for an appreciative sight in these buildings with their own philosophy. Peranakan shophouses with beautiful wall floral ornamentation can be found in Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, and Thailand; however, there is still no documentation based on the philosophy of wall floral ornamentation as references. This paper investigates the floral ornamentation wall motif in façade design and analyses the philosophy of the floral ornamentation on the Sun Yat Sen Mansion. This building has interesting ornamentation that will influence the Southern Chinese eclectic style philosophy. Through the utilization of the Sun Yat Sen Museum as a case study, this inquiry employs a qualitative research methodology to gather data and comprehend wall floral ornamentations that influence the eclectic southern Chinese style. Based on this research, the findings provide an understanding of the philosophy of wall floral ornamentation influences that govern the design of architectural characteristics and façade design on Sun Yat Sen Mansion.
Innovative information processes in the aviation industry
Authors: Gurina Ganna , Podrieza Serhii
Published: September 2024

Innovative information and other numerous developments resulting from the application process of digitalization constitute a comprehensive structure that is important for any industry, and for the aviation industry in particular. This special relevance stems primarily from the defining characteristic of the aviation industry - the ability to rapidly develop, and is also supported by such important management components as the cost structure, safety and intensity of competition, which play an equally important role both for the domestic aviation industry and for global aviation giants. In the era of large-scale digitalization, the aviation IT industry is facing a number of challenges related to the combination of new distribution channels, social networks, Big data, cloud technologies, etc. One of the main challenges of the time is the need to solve the security problem when software components are distributed and operated in hybrid clouds, the providers of which may be independent from each other. The difficulty lies not only in defining and expressing the desired level of security in software, but also in how cloud services affect security assurances in the aviation industry. However, effective digitalization does not begin with the introduction of the latest technologies, but with the transformation of organizations in order to use the potential of digital solutions.
Study of the dynamics of the main indicators of the activity of transport enterprises in the conditions of the introduction of innovation
Authors: Honcharova Iryna
Published: September 2024

In the context of logistics integration, it is important to conduct analytical activities to study the effectiveness of marketing innovations in a timely manner. To form an idea of the effectiveness of marketing activities, it is necessary to study the influence of various factors on the performance indicator, in the case of logistics, this may be the volume of transported goods. The motive for writing the article was to study the capabilities of standard software for analyzing the effectiveness of economic processes in general, and in particular the results of innovative activities. The purpose of the article is to analyze the innovation, namely the integration of the logistics space in a certain region, for four companies in the Northern Black Sea region in order to assess the potential of these companies in the provision of transport services, taking into account the implemented innovation. The study used information provided by transport companies from 2013 to 2022. The choice of the focus of the study in the field of transport support is due to the importance of the quality of transport support for the functioning of the economy, especially in the context of cross-border movement of components and goods, raw materials and finished products. For the optimal study of the innovation efficiency, studies were conducted for two periods, namely from 2013 to 2019, and from 2013 to 2022. The analysis used the tools of mathematical analysis (function derivatives) for polynomial trend equations. It was found that for all four companies that participated in the implementation of the innovation, namely in the formation of an integrated logistics space with the creation of a common rolling stock base and the search for algorithms for the most optimal use of vehicles for cargo transportation, there is a positive dynamics of the total volume of cargo transportation, which indicates the effectiveness of the innovation. The introduction of innovations in logistics is the main condition for increasing the level of transport provision of the economy, which provides opportunities for a more systematic and comprehensive development of the economy. The integration of the logistics space on the example of four companies in the Black Sea region allowed not only to improve the quality of transport services, but also to increase the total profit of the group of companies, which indicates the effectiveness of marketing innovations. The results of the study can be used to replicate the innovation to other transport enterprises both within the region and for other regions. The proposed methodology for analyzing the effectiveness of innovations can be extended to other innovations in various sectors of the economy.
Digitization of logistics and supply chain management
Authors: Smerichevska Svitlana , Prodanova Larysa , Yakushev Oleksandr
Published: September 2024

The article presents theoretical and applied aspects of digitalization of logistics and supply chain management. It is emphasized that the processes of digitalization of supply chains and logistics are a modern requirement for increasing business efficiency, as well as solving environmental, social and management problems of successful companies. Digitization of supply chains and logistics is defined as the integration of digital technologies and the implementation of digital tools to optimize, automate and increase the efficiency of all stages of the logistics process. Key modern technologies in logistics and supply chains are examined, including artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data. The role of AI in optimizing logistics processes, forecasting market behavior, inventory management and route planning is outlined. Emphasis is placed on the importance of IoT for tracking goods, monitoring storage conditions and vehicle maintenance. The role of Big Data in optimizing supply chains, improving decision-making and compliance with regulatory requirements is analyzed. The use of digital documentation and electronic document circulation are highlighted as important areas of digitization. The difference between digitization of documents and digitalization of document circulation is revealed: digitization, or digital preservation, refers to the transfer of information from paper documents to electronic format for convenient and safe storage of files and access to them in the future; digitalization involves the creation of documentation in computer applications, its intelligent processing and analysis, its accumulation in digital repositories, and the wide use of its data to solve various problems. It is noted that one of the main directions of digitization of documents is the automated reading of documents and data entry, which is implemented using specialized software for automatically extracting information from paper documents and entering it into digital systems. The list of the main logistics documents that are subject to digitization and the digitization of which leads to an increase in the efficiency of the supply chain (delivery confirmation, bill of lading, packing lists, invoices, cargo manifest, etc.) is provided. It was concluded that digitalization of logistics is a significant factor for modern companies seeking to increase their competitiveness in the market. It also enables the integration of all company divisions, improves product tracking, speeds up customs procedures, optimizes transport costs and increases the flexibility of return management. Despite the shortcomings that accompany this process, digitalization of logistics is necessary to achieve sustainable development and effective management of supply chains in today's world.
Pengaruh Kedisiplinan, Lingkungan Kerja, dan Motivasi terhadap Kinerja Pegawai pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Bandung Tegallega
Authors: Hernaningsih Evi Wahyusari , Brahmana Sunardi Sembiring
Published: September 2024

This study aims to find out and analyze how much the influence of discipline has a significant effect on employee performance at the Bandung Tegallega Primary Tax Service Office. The population of this study is 75 employees of the Bandung Tegallega Primary Tax Service Office. To meet the number of samples, the sampling method in the field uses random sampling techniques. The researcher determined a sample of 75 respondents who were employees of the Bandung Pratama Tax Service Office. As a result, the work motivation of employees is still in the sufficient category, so it needs to be improved so that the performance of employees who are also in the sufficient category can increase. Discipline and Work Environment are classified as good and need to be maintained. Discipline, Work Environment, and Work Motivation each have a significant positive effect on Employee Performance, with Discipline and Work Environment making a major contribution to improving Performance. Overall, these three variables affect Employee Performance by 82%, while the remaining 18% is influenced by other factors that are not studied.
Augmented Reality untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis, Berbicara, Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Kelas V SD Xyz Bintaro
Authors: Putro Wahyu Wasono , Yugopuspito Pujianto
Published: September 2024

Students need to learn thoroughly on the writing, speaking and critical thinking skills in order to adapt with the development of technology and information. This study aims to analyze the differences between 2 classes that implemented 2 different means in learning Bahasa Indonesia for grade 5 students, between control class that use lecturing method and the experiment class that use Augmented Reality. The research subject were the fifth graders of XYZ school in Bintaro area. There were 28 students from control group and 27 students from the experiment group with a total of 55 students in all. This research period was conducted in 4 months from late January in 23 January 2024 to 10 May 2024. This study used a weak experimental design method with a static-group pretest-posttest design model. The research data was collected from the observation of the students performance during class discussion and project presentation which used a rubric that has been validated and is a reliable instrument. The result of the statistical analysis showed differences in the control class pretest and control class posttest, in the experimental class pretest and experimental class posttest, also the nGain result for both classes in writing, speaking and critical thinking skills. The average nGain for control class in writing, speaking and critical thinking skills respectively are; 0,17; 0,21; 0,26 While the average nGain for the experiment class in writing, speaking and critical thinking skills is 0,41; 0,31; 0,27 respectively. Based on the result, the ngain result for critical thinking skills in experiment class showed low result using 0,3 as the significance value. This result means the use of Augmented Reality was less effective in critical thinking skills but effective in writing and speaking skills.
Kontribusi Sektor Pariwisata terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten Mamasa
Authors: Hermin Hermin , Paranoan Natalia , Sabandar Sita Y.
Published: September 2024

This study aims to examine the contribution, revenue growth, and effectiveness of tourism sector revenue to Mamasa Regency's Regional Original Revenue (PAD) in the 2019-2023 period. Researchers used a qualitative descriptive method with analysis of contribution ratios, growth ratios, and effectiveness ratios. The results showed that the contribution of the tourism sector to Mamasa Regency PAD was still relatively low, with an annual average of 69.26%. The lowest contribution occurred in 2020 at 6.23%, while the highest contribution was recorded in 2023 at 18.59%. The highest tourism sector revenue growth was recorded in 2021 at 125.63%, and the lowest in 2020. The level of effectiveness of tourism sector revenue during 2019-2023 is included in the highly effective category, with an average of 123.12% per year.
Reflecting on the Implementation of Online English Learning in Islamic Higher Education
Authors: Madehang Madehang , Masruddin Masruddin , Iksan Muhammad
Published: September 2024

The penetration of technology into education has rebounded since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic era, especially in bridging the practice of online learning in schools and universities. Reflecting on the practice of online learning, teachers and students give various perceptions. Some benefits and obstacles are mentioned. This descriptive study focused on investigating the perception of lecturers and students toward online language learning in Islamic higher education. The data were collected from teachers and students in three Islamic Higher Education, namely the State Islamic Institute of Palopo, the State Islamic Institute of Bone, and the State Islamic University of Makassar. The questionnaire was used to collect data from 12 lecturers and 86 students participating. In contrast, the interview was used to gain more profound information about the lecturers’ experience and opinions about implementing online learning. From both the questionnaire and the interview, the writers concluded that Lecturers and students in Islamic higher education in South Sulawesi have a positive view of online EFL learning. They value the flexibility, access to resources, and networking opportunities it provides. Students appreciate the ability to manage their learning independently, connect with diverse learners, and engage with various language aspects. However, there's a need for improvements in technology familiarity, stable internet access, access to online learning equipment, and pedagogical training for lecturers to enhance the online learning experience further.
Schramm, Lucas. 2024. Crises of European Integration: Joining Together or Falling Apart? Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. XVII, 303 pp. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-54748-5.
Authors: Petrosyan Vahram , Harutyunyan Lusine
Published: September 2024

The book analyses the main factors of European integration crises, taking into account eight major cases from the early 1950s to recent times. The author pays special attention to constitutional crises, the euro crisis and the migration crisis, thus showing that crises have been an integral part of the process of European integration from its very beginning. Although the book does not analyse the current confrontation between Russia and the West, the author argues that European integration began with a serious setback, when member states failed to implement plans to create a European army through the European Defence Community. The global scale and radicality of the ongoing changes allow many researchers to suggest the formation of a new system of international relations. In parallel with these processes, many provisions and phenomena characterizing the system of international relations itself are being revised.
Polarization, Shifting Borders and Liquid Governance: Studies on Transformation and Development in the OSCE Region, edited Anja Mihr, and Chiara Pierobon. Springer Cham. XVII, 427 pp. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44584-2
Authors: Aleksanyan Nane
Published: September 2024

This book examines the dynamics of national and regional security in the age of Zeitenwende amid polarization and conflict management. Through a comparative analysis, the authors reveal the intricate problems of border dynamics and practice in cases of border disputes and conflicts in the member states of the OSCE. The authors offer their approaches on how to peacefully settle the disputed borders, which can be supported by the EU, the NATO and the OSCE. It can be of significant help in preventing security crises and conflicts. In this regard, a number of solutions that can affect the Russian-Ukraine war and the settlement of Russia-Ukraine relations are highlighted. From the author’s approach, it becomes clear that various European countries and international organizations should play an active role in the settlement of the Ukrainian crisis and the strengthening of European security.
Post-I-Halela Zard (Terminalia Chebula Retz.): An Overview of the Key Medicinal Plant and Therapeutic Uses in the Unani System of Medicine
Authors:   PG Scholar, Department of Ilmul Advia, Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Srinagar, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K 190006 India
Published: September 2024

The Unani System of Medicine (USM) has long employed terminalia chebula, a significant medicinal plant in pharmaceutics, to treat a wide range of illnesses and infections. The distinctive phytoconstituents (chebulenic acid, corilagin and casuarinin) found in this herb are thought to be a valuable and affordable source. These phytoconstituents are commonly used in the production of medications with higher safety margins and fewer harmful effects against various ailments. The mature dried fruits of terminalia chebula belong to the combretaceae family. It is also referred to as Halīlaj Asfar in Arabic, Halela Zard in Persian, Haritāki in Hindi and Chebulic Myrobalan in English. According to their level of maturation, each of these varieties can take on different forms, making this categorisation well-known in the USM. Halela has been used in Unani medicine for a very long period, either alone or in different compound formulations like Itrīfal or Triphala. The entire plant, with its great medicinal potential, has been used by Unani physicians to treat a wide range of conditions in humans. It is used as a blood purifier, astringent, cholagogue, carminative, brain tonic, eye tonic, cardiotonic, stomach tonic, gastrointestinal motility, kidney tonic and digestive anthelmintic. Terminalia chebula possesses a multitude of pharmacological and therapeutic qualities, including hepatoprotective, wound-healing, anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic effects. In an effort to clarify further research in this field, this study aims to shed light on T. chebula by describing its widely recognised medicinal benefits. KEYWORDS: Halela Zard, H