bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-Dose Daily Opioid Administration
and Poor Functional Status Intensify Local
Anesthetic Injection Pain in Cancer Patients
Authors: Yoon Kyung Bong
Published: March 2021

Background: Evidence for opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) has been shown in animal and
human studies, but the clinical implications of this phenomenon remain unclear.
Objectives: We examined whether cancer patients taking opioids differ in their sensitivity to a
clinical pain stimulus using a local anesthetic injection compared to those not taking opioids. We
also evaluated the effect of the opioid dose, duration of opioid therapy, and patients’ pain severity
and functional status on this clinical pain stimulus.
Study Design: Prospective observational study.
Setting: University outpatient department for interventional pain management, Republic of
Korea.
Methods: Eighty-two cancer patients including 20 patients not taking opioids (non-opioid group)
and 62 taking opioids (opioid group) who were scheduled for an interventional procedure were
enrolled in this study. Patients received a standardized subcutaneous injection of lidocaine prior
to a full dose of local anesthetic (LA). Before the injection, patients completed the Brief Pain
Inventory (BPI) questionnaire and were asked to rate their current pain using numeric rating scales.
Immediately following the injection, LA injection-specific pain was evaluated using pain intensity,
unpleasantness, and behavior pain scores.
Results: LA injection-specific pain intensity, unpleasantness, and behavior pain score were
significantly higher in the opioid group compared with the non-opioid group (P < 0.001). In the
opioid group, these post-injection pain scores were higher in patients taking high-dose opioids
than those taking low doses (P < 0.05). In addition, we observed a strong correlation between the
baseline BPI pain interference score and the LA injection-specific pain score (r = 0.695, P < 0.001).
Limitations: This study is limited by its sample size and observational design. Various opioid
medications, which were not standardized, may have inadvertently biased our results. Finally, the
pain assessed by a brief stimulus does not fully reflect disturbances in endogenous pain inhibitory
processes.
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that opioid medication is an important contributing
factor to pain perception accompanying LA injection, and cancer patients using high-dose opioids
may be highly susceptible to hyperalgesic responses to this clinical stimulus. We also suggest that
the possible presence of OIH may be intensified among cancer patients with poor physical and
psychosocial functional status.
Key words: Adverse effects; analgesics, opioid; anesthetics, local; cancer; hyperalgesia; injections,
subcutaneous; nociceptive pain; pain measurement; pain perception; quality of life
Pupillometry: The Influence of Gender and
Anxiety on the Pain Response
Authors: Garcia João Batista Santos
Published: March 2021

Background: Studies suggest that the pain response may be evaluated using pupillometry and
is influenced by factors such as gender and anxiety.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to use pupillometry to observe the effects of gender and
anxiety on the pain response.
Study Design: A randomized, prospective, clinical and interventional study.
Setting: Center for Research on Pain at the Federal University of Maranhão, Brazil.
Methods: Ninety-six patients were divided into groups according to their level of anxiety as
indicated by the Beck questionnaire. Under photopic conditions and using retinography, these
patients underwent pupillometry while a painful pressure stimulus of 1,500 kPa was applied to the
middle phalanx of each patient’s right middle finger using a pressure algometer.
Results: The pupil diameter increased in response to pain in all study participants, regardless
of gender and anxiety level; the average pupil diameter was 3.265 ± 0.028 mm before the
painful stimulus and 4.31 ± 0.200 mm for the duration of the stimulus (P = 0.0251). There was
no significant difference between the genders in the level of anxiety (P = 0.614). Regardless of
gender, individuals with moderate to severe anxiety had higher average pupil diameters than
individuals exhibiting mild or no anxiety (P = 0.019). Men had a higher average pupil diameter
than women (4.53 ± 0.345 mm and 4.48 ± 0.358 mm, respectively); however, this difference was
not statistically significant in the presence of moderate to severe anxiety (P = 0.072).
Limitations: The number of men with high anxiety was insufficient to create their own group.
Conclusions: The pupil dilation in response to a painful stimulus was similar in both genders.
Additionally, regardless of gender, the average pupil diameter was greater in the presence of
moderate to severe anxiety.
Key words: Pupillometry, pain, gender, anxiety
Magnesium L-threonate Prevents and Restores
Memory Deficits Associated with Neuropathic
Pain by Inhibition of TNF-α
Authors: Liu Prof. Xian-Guo
Published: March 2021

Background: Clinical studies have shown that about two-thirds of patients with chronic
pain suffer from short-term memory (STM) deficits and an effective drug for treatment of the
neurological disorder is lacking at present.
Objective: We tested whether chronic oral application of magnesium L-threonate (MgT), which
has been shown to improve memory in normal and aging animals by elevating Mg2+ in the brain,
could prevent or restore the STM deficits induced by spared nerve injury (SNI), an animal model
of chronic neuropathic pain. The mechanisms underlying the effect of MgT on STM deficits were
also investigated.
Study Design: The experiments were conducted in a random and double-blind fashion in adult
male rats. MgT was administrated via drinking water at a dose of 609 mg/kg/d for 2 weeks,
starting either one week before SNI (preventative group) or one week after SNI (therapeutic group),
and water without the drug served as control.
Methods: STM was accessed with a novel object recognition test (NORT), followed by recording
of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus in vivo and the measurement of the expression
of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) with Western Blot or Immunohistochemistrical staining.
α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid (AMPA) and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid
(NMDA) receptor (NMDAR) currents were recorded with patch clamp in CA1 neurons in acute and
cultured hippocampal slices.
Result: We found that chronic oral application of MgT was able to prevent and restore the
deficits of STM and of LTP at CA3-CA1 synapses in the hippocampus induced by SNI. Furthermore,
both preventative and therapeutic chronic oral application of MgT blocked the up-regulation of
TNF-α in the hippocampus, which has been previously shown to be critical for memory deficits.
SNI reduced NMDAR current and the effect was dramatically attenuated by elevating extracellular
Mg2+ concentration ([Mg2+]o). In cultured hippocampal slices, chronic application of recombinant
rat TNF-α (rrTNF-α) for 3 days reduced NMDAR current in a concentration-dependent manner and
the effect was again blocked by elevating [Mg2+]o.
Limitations: We showed that oral application of MgT inhibited the over-expression of TNF-α and
rescued the dysfunction of the NMDAR, but the causal relationship between them remains elusive.
Conclusions: Our data suggested that oral application of MgT was able to prevent and restore
the STM deficits in an animal model of chronic neuropathic pain by reversing the dysfunction of
the NMDAR, and normalization of TNF-α expression may play a role in the effect. Oral application
of MgT may be a simple and potent means for handling this form of memory deficit.
Key words: Magnesium L-threonate, short-term memory, tumor necrosis factor-α, NMDA
receptor, neuropathic pain
An Update of Evaluation of Intravenous
Sedation on Diagnostic Spinal Injection
Procedures
Authors: Smith Howard
Published: March 2021

Background: Intravenous (IV) sedation analgesia is often employed in patients with chronic
spinal pain undergoing diagnostic spinal injection procedures. The drugs used for intravenous
sedation analgesia produce varying degrees of sedation, amnesia, anxiolysis, muscle relaxation,
and analgesia. The very nature of these pharmacologic effects in altering the patient’s level of
consciousness, awareness, or response to a particular diagnostic stimulus invokes a sense of
uncertainty about the results or response obtained from the diagnostic procedure. There is an
ongoing controversy regarding the validity of controlled diagnostic blocks due to variability in
sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. Moreover, there is no consensus with regards to the use
of sedation analgesic measures prior to controlled diagnostic blocks and their influence on the
accuracy and validity of a diagnosis.
Objective: To assess and update the clinically significant effects sedation analgesia procedures
have on the diagnostic accuracy and validity of interventional spinal techniques.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library
review databases up to September 2012 was performed. The search included systematic and
narrative review articles, prospective and retrospective studies, as well as cross-referencing of
bibliographies from notable primary and review articles and abstracts from scientific meetings
and peer-reviewed non-indexed journals. The search emphasized the effects of sedation
analgesia on diagnostic spinal interventions.
Conclusion: Based on a review of the available evidence, it appears that the administration
of mild to moderate sedation does not confound the results or diagnostic validity of spinal
injection procedures. Specifically, immediate pain relief after cervical and lumbar facet joint
controlled nerve blocks is not enhanced by IV sedation with midazolam or fentanyl. This is
especially true if stringent outcome criteria are employed, such as at least 75% pain relief
combined with an increase in range of motion for pain limited movements.
Key words: Conscious sedation, procedural sedation, intravenous sedation, analgesia,
hypnotics, sedatives, anxiolytics, opioids, chronic spinal pain, spinal injections, epidural
injections, controlled diagnostic nerve blocks, zygapophyseal or facet joint blocks, selective
nerve root blocks, provocation discography, sacroiliac joint injections, outcomes
FABRICATION OF UNDERCOOLED BISMUTH TIN LIQUID METAL PARTICLES WITH HIGH YIELD
Authors: ÇINAR Simge
Published: March 2021

Despite increasing attention to the liquid metals, most of the studies in this field have focused on the gallium-based alloys due to their low melting points. The examples of metastable undercooled liquid metal particles are rare due to the thermodynamic challenges in achieving significant level of undercooling. In this study, the fabrication of undercooled bismuth-tin (BiSn) liquid metal micro- /nano-particles at eutectic composition was studied. The droplet emulsion technique was used for particle formation in broad size range. The effects of the particle size and the shell formation reactions on the yield of undercooled particles were investigated. The fabricated particles were characterized using back- scattered scanning electron microscopy (BSE-SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The particle size distribution and the ratio of undercooled particles were statistically analyzed. Optimization of the processing conditions and the successful selection of oxidants enabled undercooling of BiSn liquid metal particles. In doing so, both micro- and nano-size particles could be fabricated with high yield (≥ 97%). The crystallization temperature was measured to be 0.37 Tm and the particles could preserve their liquid state at room temperatures for months.
ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITIES OF IRON (II, III) OXIDE ADDED RIGID POLYURETHANE FOAM NANOCOMPOSITES
Authors: AKKOYUN Meral
Published: March 2021

Effect of iron (II, III) oxide particles on the electrical and thermal conductivities and thermal transitions of rigid polyurethane foams, and hence on the final density and microstructure of these porous materials were investigated. The microstructure study of iron (II, III) oxide added rigid polyurethane foam nanocomposites indicated a drop by 27% of the mean cell size from 294 µm for the neat polyurethane to 215 µm for a filler content of 50wt.% and an increase of the mean strut thickness as a function of the filler content. The thermal transition results demonstrated that as the magnetite content rises a visible decrease by 32% of the glass transition temperature appears in the case of soft segments when the glass transition temperature representing hard segments remains constant. Results of the electrical conductivity measurements showed a significant increase by 17% up to the higher filler content of 50wt.% compared to the unfilled polyurethane foam. The thermal conductivity results of iron (II, III) oxide added rigid polyurethane foam nanocomposites revealed a thermal insulating effect of magnetite particles due to the decrease of the thermal conductivity and stabilization after a slight rise from 0.02431W/m.K to 0.02648W/m.K depicted for a filler amount of 4wt.%.
ÖNCEDEN EĞİTİLMİŞ DERİN AĞLAR İLE GÖĞÜS RÖNTGENİ GÖRÜNTÜLERİ KULLANARAK PNÖMONİ SINIFLANDIRILMASI
Authors: ER Mehmet Bilal
Published: March 2021

Pnömoni, bakterilerin, virüslerin veya mantarların neden olabileceği bir akciğer enfeksiyonudur.
Enfeksiyon, akciğerlerin hava keselerinin iltihaplanmasına ve sıvı veya irin ile dolmasına neden olur.
Ciddi ve hayatı tehdit eden bir hastalık olabilir. Dünya genelinde her yıl pnömoni nedeniyle çok sayıda kişi ölmektedir. Pnömoninin erken tespiti ve tedavisi, ölüm oranlarını önemli ölçüde azaltabilmektedir.
Bu nedenle, bu araştırmada pnömoniyi tespit etmek için röntgen görüntüleri kullanarak önceden eğitilmiş derin öğrenme modellerine dayanan yöntem önerilmektir. Göğüs röntgen görüntülerini pnömoni ve pnömoni olmayan iki sınıfta sınıflandırmak için çeşitli önceden eğitilmiş Evrişimsel Sinir Ağları özellik çıkarıcı olarak kullanılmıştır. Önceden eğitilmiş derin öğrenme modelleri olarak AlexNet, VGG16, ResNet (ResNet18, ResNet50, ResNet101) modelleri tercih edilmiştir. Bu modellerden elde edilen özellikler birleştirilerek hibrit özellik vektörü elde edilmiştir. Sınıflandırıcı olarak Destek Vektör Makineleri (DVM) ve derin öğrenme modellerinin son katmanında bulunan Softmax kullanılmıştır. Deneyler literatürde yaygın kullanılan veri seti üzerinde yapılmıştır. En yüksek sınıflandırma başarısı %98,32 olarak hibrit özellik vektöründen elde edilmiştir.
AMF COPING STRESS PADA IBU RUMAH TANGGA
Authors: Fadlillah Alnisa Min , Husniati Renny
Published: March 2021

This service activity is motivated by many problems that occur in housewives, especially housewives who do not work and young mothers who just had a child. Often, many of them felt bored and complain that their task is never end. As a result, housewives experience stress to depression. This has a negative impact on the mother's physical and mental health and can be affect to their relationships with spouses and childcare. Therefore, this activity aims to educate housewives about the importance of managing stress from an early age. The target of this service is housewives, parents of students at MI Raudhatul Athfal, Limo District, Depok. Several methods were used in this activity, including lecture, evaluation and question and answer, and counseling methods. In general, the enthusiasm of the participants was seen in this activity.
Lectin Histochemistry of the Glycoconjugates in Partridge and Quail Conjunctival Epithelia
Authors: ÖZTOP Mustafa , ÇINAR Kenan , DEMİRBAĞ Emel
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of the glycoconjugates in conjunctival epithelium of partridge (Alectoris chukar) and quail (Coturnix coturnix). Eyelid samples harvested from both species were subjected to routine tissue processing. Lectin histochemistry was applied to sections in order to demonstrate the expression of glycoconjugates. Six different HRP-conjugated lectins (Con A, UEA-I, PNA, HPA, MAA and BSA I-B4) were used for this purpose. The conjunctival epithelium in both partridge and quail consisted of goblet cells and nongoblet cells. Both PNA and HPA bound, to varying degrees, to the goblet cells and nongoblet cells in conjunctival epithelium of partridge and quail. Con A reacted with nongoblet cells in both species. While partridge conjunctival goblet cells showed no reaction to Con A, quail conjunctival goblet cells had a very weak reaction to Con A. UEA-I did not bind to any cells in partridge, however, quail conjunctival goblet cells and nongoblet cells could react to UEA-I. In both species, conjunctival epithelial surfaces reacted with Con A, UEA-I, PNA and HPA. However, MAA and BSA I-B4 did not bind any cell and/or part in both partridge and quail conjunctiva. The present data suggest that composition of glycoconjugates could be different between goblet cells and nongoblet cells of these species, but it could be very similar at conjunctival epithelial surfaces on which the content of the goblet cells and nongoblet cells is released.
Compreensões de estudantes e professores de uma escola pública de ensino fundamental sobre uso de crack na adolescência
Authors: Galvão Francelino Aglay , DiasQuinderé Paulo Henrique , Soares Rimes Thalita , Andrade Aline Teles de , Pontes Costa Lourdes Suelen , Fonseca de Morais Sonia Samara
Published: March 2021

Objetivou-se compreender as representações de alunos e professores sobre o consumo de crack na adolescência. Trata-se de pesquisa-ação, realizada em escola pública no municí­pio de Fortaleza-CE, com doze estudantes e sete professores, de junho a agosto de 2015. Para coleta de dados, realizamos grupos focais com os estudantes e entrevistas com os professores, utilizando a técnica de gravação. Para análise dos dados, utilizamos a análise interpretativa dos desenhos produzidos nos grupos focais com base no referencial teórico de Jean Piaget. Para analisar as falas dos alunos e dos professores realizamos a transcrição na í­ntegra e seguimos a fenomenologia hermenêutica de Paul Ricoeur. Os resultados identificaram contradição entre as falas dos participantes: por um lado, uma reflexão diferente do que é construí­do socialmente a respeito do usuário, e, por outro, um discurso atrelado ao que veem na mí­dia e ao que vivenciam junto aos familiares que fazem uso de crack de forma desorganizada.
Abordagem histórica da assistência de enfermagem em tempos de pandemias durante o século XIX ao XXI
Authors: Pinheiro Evangelista Brenda , Pinheiro Evangelista Breno , Camilo Pereira Michelly , Ferreira Silva Luiza Maria , Germano de Lima Solange Maria , De Freitas Kerma Márcia
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: analisar, por meio da literatura, as contribuições da assistência de enfermagem no contexto das pandemias. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO) e PubMed com os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) "assistência integral í  saúde"; "cuidados de Enfermagem" e "pandemias". Os critérios de inclusão foram: texto em português e inglês e de exclusão foram desconsiderados artigos em formatos de textos, que não passaram por processos rigorosos de avaliação. Resultados: A primeira categoria mostra os profissionais da enfermagem superam desafios em saúde por intermédio da assistência qualificada, o cuidado holí­stico e o plano de cuidados desses profissionais refletiram na recuperação. A segunda categoria enfatiza que as teorias de enfermagem implementadas no contexto histórico da enfermagem moderna no cenário atual. Conclusão: As contribuição da assistência de enfermagem quanto as pandemias vivenciadas, coloca a enfermagem como protagonista.
Ferramentas utilizadas no cuidado continuado em saúde mental no contexto da COVID-19: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Do Nascimento Araújo Marlla Héllen , Melo Regis Maria Zilda , Amorim de Araújo Samara , Kunrath Pinto Silva Rômulo , Mota Araripe Pereira Fernandes Denise , Costa de Melo Vilma Felipe
Published: March 2021

A pandemia causada pelo SARS-CoV-2 trouxe desafios e mudanças que influenciaram significativamente o cuidado em saúde mental, onde manter a longitudinalidade, antes uma ferramenta potente de assistência, tem sido um desafio para as equipes de Saúde da Famí­lia. Objetivo: buscar na literatura quais os meios que podem ser utilizados na APS para minimizar o sofrimento mental em decorrência da pandemia. Método: a busca pela literatura a partir da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), pelo cruzamento dos descritores: "cuidado" and "covid-19" and "saúde mental", sendo encontrados 347 artigos. Resultados: Através dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão a amostra total foi composta por 4 trabalhos. Conclusão: Observou-se que o uso de tecnologias leves vem sendo empregado para minimizar os efeitos psicológicos provocados pela pandemia, seja a pacientes acometidos pelo ví­rus ou a população que procura meios alternativos para manutenção da saúde mental.
Influência da equoterapia na qualidade de vida de idosos caracterizados com a classificação internacional de funcionalidade – CIF
Authors: Dubiela Julik Angela , Miri Andressa Leticia , Dorigoni Bini Ana Carolina , Pacheco Tyski Suckow Patricia , Gonçalves de Jesus Fonseca Eliane , Figueiredo Moreira Felipe , Carraro Emerson
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Caracterizar idosos ativos através de Core Set da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade (CIF) para saúde de idosos e avaliar a qualidade de vida por meio do The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey- SF-36 na terapia assistida com equinos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional analí­tico transversal, onde 10 idosos ativos entre 60 í  80 anos realizaram 16 sessões de terapia assistida com equinos, com duração de 30 minutos cada. Para avaliação foi utilizado o questionário da CIF, o SF-36 e o Mini Exame do Estado Mental – MEEM. Foi realizado análise estatí­stica descritiva e também foi utilizado o teste t pareado. Resultados: O MEEM pré intervenção não demonstrou declí­nio cognitivo. Na CIF, os domí­nios I, II e III ficaram com qualificadores predominantemente em 0 e 2, já o domí­nio IV as pontuações ficaram com qualificadores entre 3 e 4. Conclusão: A terapia assistida com equinos em idosos é uma alternativa terapêutica efetiva na melhora da qualidade de vida.
Terapia Nutricional em um Hospital Pediátrico: Indicadores de Qualidade
Authors: Vasconcelos Larissa , Orrico Farias Fernanda , Martins Azevedo Maia Júlia , Carvalho Mirela
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade da Terapia Nutricional Enteral em unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica, através da aplicação de indicadores de qualidade. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal prospectivo, composto por amostra de conveniência com pacientes de ambos os sexos, com idade de 0 até 18 anos incompletos, internados em unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica e em uso exclusivo de terapia nutricional enteral. Foram aplicados três indicadores de qualidade e realizada a avaliação descritiva dos dados. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 20 pacientes, observou-se que 25% apresentaram pelo menos um episódio de diarreia, 45% estiveram em jejum digestório por mais de 24horas e não houve nenhum registro de obstrução de sonda. Conclusões: Dos resultados encontrados, apenas o indicador obstrução de sonda está dentro da meta proposta. Esse resultado corrobora com outros estudos realizados com adultos, porém são necessários estudos na área pediátrica para confrontar com os dados encontrados.
Achados fonoaudiológicos na Sí­ndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida: revisão integrativa
Authors: Siqueira Brandão Canut Marisa , Dos Santos Oliveira Wadson , Menezes Silva dos Santos Nicolly , Da Silva Carliane Maria , Almeida de Menezes Amanda , Cabral Fortaleza Maria Júlia
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: descrever os conhecimentos cientí­ficos já produzidos sobre as alterações e fonoaudiológicas a Sí­ndrome da Imunodeficiência Humana Adquirida. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada no mês de maio a setembro de 2020, nas bases de dados Public Medicine Library (PubMed) e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) via a plataforma virtual BVS - Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SCIELO), através dos descritores combinados pelo operador boleano AND. Resultados: Foram encontrados 506 artigos e destes 22 contemplavam os objetivos da pesquisa. Conclusão: Os pacientes acometidos por Sí­ndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida apresentam alterações fonoaudiológicas que comprometem em sua qualidade de vida.
Алгоритм формирования описания объекта в трехмерном пространстве
Authors: Труфанов М.И. , Михайлов И.Б.
Published: March 2021

Представлен алгоритм, отличающийся пониженной вычислительной сложностью процедуры формирования первичных данных для трехмерного распознавания объекта, основанный на использовании дополнительной информации о положении оптико-электронного устройства в пространстве и оценочных данных о дальности до объекта.
Метод раннего обнаружения зарождения тайфунов на основе обработки спутниковых изображений облачности и оценки динамики метеоусловий на базе общедоступных ресурсов
Authors: Труфанов М.И. , Смахтин А.П. , Газов А.И. , Федосенко Д.В.
Published: March 2021

В работе представлены результаты построения математической модели и алгоритмического обеспечения для раннего выявления тропических циклонов посредством анализа спутниковых снимков облачности и параметров метеоусловий. Предложенное решение отличается от известных возможностью получения данных в реальном времени с общедоступных источников, реализацией гибкого алгоритма к многофакторному анализу первичной информации и решением задачи отслеживания перемещения и динамики развития мощности тайфуна.
Совместимость операционных систем
Authors: Гридин В.Н. , Анисимов А.В.
Published: March 2021

Рассматривается систематический подход к изучению операционных систем. Отмечается, что решение задачи подготовка специалистов предусматривает знакомство с интерпретатором команд. Умение работать в командном интерпретаторе позволяет использовать все возможности операционных систем для решения прикладных задач.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENTS BERBANTU SISTEM REWARD CARD TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN MATEMATIS SISWA
Authors: Irawati Tiara
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis antara siswa yang memperoleh model pembelajaran Teams Games Tournaments (TGT) berbantu sistem reward card dengan siswa yang memperoleh model pembelajaran Teams Games Tournaments (TGT) dan siswa yang memperoleh model pembelajaran langsung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuasi-eksperimen dengan desain the nonequivalent pretest-posstest control group design.Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu soal pemahaman konsep, lemabar observasi, dan lembar validasi. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu (1) kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Teams Games Tournaments (TGT) berbantu sistem reward card lebih baik daripada kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Teams Games Tournaments (TGT), (2) kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Teams Games Tournaments (TGT) berbantu sistem reward card lebih baik daripada kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran langsung, (3) tidak terdapat perbedaan antara kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa dengan model pembelajaran Teams Games Tournaments (TGT) dengan model pembelajaran langsung.
A representação da realidade através da arte cinematográfica na construção de Bacurau
Authors: Pastore Daniela de Castro , Castro Elis Crokidakis , Grehs Ivana Denise
Published: March 2021

Is Bacurau a film or is reality a film? The question is always the same, however, in this work, what we will investigate is how much the representation can influence the real actors, those people who identify with the characters in that place erased by the world that is represented in the film by Juliano Dornelles and Kleber Mendonça Filho. Real cities and imaginary cities created by cinema and literature are the focus of this communication, written by six different hands, addressing issues of a political, social, artistic and sound memory that involve any type of production that is made from the reality observed in this movie.
Etnografia de tela e semiopragmática: um diálogo entre metodologias de análise fílmica.
Authors: Colins Alfredo Taunay , Gama de Lima Morgana
Published: March 2021

The “screen ethnography” is a proposal of analysis presented by the brazilian researcher Carmen Rial (2004) based on studies in the field of anthropology and has as its starting point the changes promoted by the poststructuralist bias in the field of humanities studies, such as decolonial theories, queer theory, and many others. Its methodology proposes the application of proper procedures of anthropological research - such as the researcher’s long immersion in the field, systematic observation, field notebook registration, etc. - as a method resource in the study of media productions, including cinema. The “semio-pragmatic” is an analytical model proposed by french researcher Roger Odin (2000) inspired by the contributions of semiology/semiotics to film analysis - a structuralist method - associated with a pragmatic perspective in such way the film’ narrative is considered according to conditions available the context of its reception. As a point of convergence, the two methodological proposals emphasize the importance of context in the analytical process of films. While screen ethnography considers the context of research as relevant information to conduct filmic analysis, semio-pragmatics emphasizes the context of reception in which the viewer is inserted at the moment of exhibition. By providing a synthesis of the main characteristics and strategies of each methodological proposal, our aim in this presentation is to contribute to a reflection on the modes of context appropriation in the film analysis process and its implications that each methodological choice has on the final result of the analysis.
Naiá e a Lua (2010): lendas indígenas sob os holofotes da narrativa
Authors: Ribeiro Pollyanna Rosa , Oliveira Keyla Andrea Santiago
Published: March 2021

This article aims to discuss the composition of narratology in the award-winning Brazilian short film (12 minutes and 45 secunds) Naiá and the Moon (2010) under the direction of Leandro Tadashi. This work is linked to interinstitutional research Art, psychoanalysis and education: aesthetic procedures in cinema and the changes of childhood CEPAE / UFG / PUCGO / UEG / UAB-UNB / UEMS, which seeks to highlight the potentialities of the relations between cinema and education. The proposed film analysis will reveal the narrative functioning of the intersection of two indigenous legends that the short film contains, since it projects for the viewer a story within the story, the passionate narration of the legend of the appearance of the stars (relationship between Jaci and the Indians of tribe) with the ultimate construction of the legend of Vitória-Régia and its origin. Still, the place of childhood, the dreamlike quality of the narrative and the components of the diegetic world will be treated: characters - in this case, the central narrator and the protagonist child, Naiá, gain centrality; the spaces; temporality; the voice of the film; the spectator, narrator and narrative relationship based on the aesthetic devices used - photography, chosen soundtrack, the mix between live-action and animation - that make the film so touching and loaded with a symbolic-cultural charge. Gardies (2008) e Tarkovski (1998) will be fundamental references to support the discussion, alongside authors such as Benjamim (1994) and Adorno (2008).
Percepções do clássico Alma no Olho e o cinema negro de Zózimo Bulbul
Authors: Mendonça André , Penha de Souza Edileuza
Published: March 2021

This article purposes an observation of the sensations caused by watching the movie “Alma no Olho” (Brazil, 1974) from the writer, director, producer and actor Zózimo Bulbul. He started his career doing theater productions at the UNE (National Students Union) cultural center, was the first black man to play a lead role in the Brazilian television, having acted in more than thirty movies and directing six, including Alma no Olho, which will be discussed in this article. Through a research, done in person, we will analyse the perceptions the movie brings, whether they’re about historical, individual or social relations. It will also discuss a little about the definition of what is classic and a small biography from the master of the Brazilian black cinema, Zózimo Bubul.
Using Bernard Tschumi's Manhattan Transcripts as a Cinematic Pedagogical Tool in Architecture Schools in Egypt
Authors: Abdel-Ghani Taher
Published: March 2021

This research aims to use Bernard Tschumi’s cinematic approaches to offer a different reading of architecture in which architectural language is not limited by precise and generative drawings, rather the organic behavior plays a significant role. Space, movement, and events are the main pillars of Tschumi’s The Manhattan Transcripts, where conventional components of architecture are broken down and rebuilt along different axes. This paper addresses architecture schools in Egypt that convey conventional architectural methodologies to students in the form of a market-driven intellectual economy without challenging the presumed focus on form either through abstraction or simulation. Eventually, the purpose is to introduce the notations of experience and time for all forms of intervention in the reading of the physical environment.
Development of Internet Television Broadcasting and Satisfaction in Internet Broadcasting
Authors: Arat Tugay , Şi̇mşe Sedat
Published: March 2021

Television and broadcasting technology has been constantly developing and renewing since its discovery. When developments in electronic and internet infrastructure were added to these developments, a new process emerged in television broadcasting. These systems, called IPTV or Internet TV, have become global systems with millions of members worldwide. Members can watch TV series, documentaries and movies as much as they want, wherever and whenever they want, on all screens connected to the internet. It can play, stop, and continue watching broadcasts at any time. In this study, the possibilities of Internet TV broadcasting are examined in various aspects and satisfaction research is conducted for Netflix users. The purpose of the study is to measure the overall satisfaction of people who are members of Netflix. Questionnaire Method was used to obtain data in the research. The questionnaire consists of 15 questions and was developed by the researcher. The universe of the research is students of Akdeniz University, Faculty of Communication in Turkey Its sample is 89 students representing the universe. The students were determined by the Easy Sampling method. SPSS statistics program was used to analyze the obtained data. Reliability test, Independent t test, anova test, frequency, percentage and average scores were used to evaluate the data.
Entre Macacos e Anjos (2019), a utopia do 17º filme brasileiro
Authors: Frota Regis
Published: March 2021

The intention of the text that follows seeks to reflect on the self-explanatory desires of the artistic direction of the Brazilian film, recently made by Elizeu Ewald, Entre Macacos e anjos (2019) and the results obtained by his edited images, under the different optics, of the diegétic dialectic to the merely dramatic, in terms of common narrative, in challenging the viewer to demystify the kinetic text.
The Problems in Speaking for English Department Student in STKIP BUDIDAYA – BINJAI
Authors: Indari Ayu
Published: March 2021

This paper is purposed to find out the problems in speaking skills for English department student in STKIP Budidaya – Binjai. The speaking skill is the last position to cover up the four skills in English because speaking is the improving your ability to use four skills in English. Speaking needs some stimulation to attract the students speaks their ideas, opinion, or comments about something. The sample of the study is the third students in English department student, it is around 28 students. The data are collected through document by sound recording. The data analyzed by using the technique of analyze data. The result of the study is that it concludes that first question “What is the problem of speaking?” 10 students (35,71%) respond less of confident and 10 students (35,71%) respond less of vocabulary. The second question “How the ways do you practice your speaking skill?” 10 students (35,71%) respond watching movie. The third question “Do you agree that speaking is the most difficult to study comparing with another skills in English? And why?” 18 students (64,29%) respond yes, because it takes orally.
THE EFFECT OF USING REAP (READ, ENCODE, ANNOTATE PONDER) METHOD ON STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION IN ANALYTICAL EXPOSITIONTEXT OF THE ELEVENTH GRADEOF SMK SWASTA HARAPAN STABAT IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2019/2020
Authors: Riansyah Deden , Yultisa Nudia
Published: March 2021

The objective of this research was to find out whether there was a significant effect of using REAP (Read, Encode, Annotate, Ponder) on students’ reading comprehension in analitycal exposition text of the eleventh grade of SMK Swasta Harapan Stabat in academic year 2019/2020. In this research, the researcher took 80 students as the sample. As the experimental class, the researcher used class XI.1 ADP which consisted of 40 students and for the control class, the researcher used class XI.4 ADP that consist of 40 students. The, the researcher gave pre-test and post-test to both classes.The researcher then statistically analyzed the data by using t-test. After analyzing the data, the researcher concluded that teaching analytical exposition text using REAP method was effective. As the fact, the result of t-test was 2,86 with df = 78. Because there was not df 78 in the t-table, so the researcher decided to use df 60 since it is closer to 78 than df 120.The table at df 60 showed that the value of t-table (  was 2,00 for 5% and 2,66 for 1%. Theoritically, the Alternative Hypothesis ( ) was accepted if the value of t-test was greater than the value of t-table ( > ( . The finding showed that t-test was greater than t-table (2,86 > 2,00 and 2,66). The researcher meant the hypothesis ( ) was accepted. It was stated that “There is a significant effect of using REAP method on students’ reading comprehension in analytical exposition text of the eleventh grade students of SMK Swasta Harapan Stabat in academic year 2019/2020” was accepted.
DAMPAK PEMBELAJARAN DARING BAGI MAHASISWA DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Afni Khairina
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan studi literatur tentang dampak pembelajaran daring bagi mahasiswa di masa pendidikan pandemi Covid-19 yang bertujuan mengidentifikasi dampak dalam melakukan pembelajaran  secara daring bagi mahasiswa di masa pandemi Covid-19 ini. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah metode studi kepustakaan dengan mencari literatur yang terkait dengan fokus apa yang akan dilteliti atau menggunakan data skunder. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa selama melakukan pembelajaran daring di masa pandemi Covid-19 yang telah berjalan hampir setahun ini menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa memiliki masalah atau dampak terhadap poembelajaran daring yang telah mereka lalui. dampak tersebut dapat mengarah pada perubahan belajar yang positif maupun negatif, untuk itu perlu peninjauan kembali terhadap pembelajaran daring yang dipakai baik penggunaan jenis medianya ataupun metode pembelajarannya agar dampak tersebut tidak terlalu monoton diterima siswa.
Team Managers in Local Social Service Departments in Israel as Bottom-Up Social Policy-Makers
Authors: Tzadiki Tamar , Weiss-Gal Idit
Published: March 2021

Following on Felice Perlmutter's work on the managerial role of social workers in social services, this article contributes to the still limited knowledge on the role of social workers in middle-management positions in formulating new policies ‘on the ground‘. The study expands knowledge about policies determined by team managers in local social service departments in Israel. It occurs in the nexus between street-level bureaucracy, professionalism and managerial positions. Semi-structured interviews with 28 team managers revealed that they formulated ‘new‘ policies with regard to the provision of psychosocial services and material assistance (who gets what, when and how). This occurs when they resist official policy, when it is vague or non-existent. Most of their policy decisions are not documented and draw upon consultations with colleagues and superiors though not with clients. The team managers perceive these policies as a means for achieving balance between clients’ well-being and budgetary constraints. Yet their decisions lack transparency, are decided upon without public discourse and may lead to greater inequity between clients
Policing the Womb. Invisible Women and the Criminalization of Motherhood
Authors: Sadler Michelle
Published: March 2021

Reseña de Michelle Sadler, de Policing the Womb. Invisible Women and the Criminalization of Motherhood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020.
EFFECTS OF BOUNDARY CONDITIONS ON A BOSCH-TYPE INJECTION RATE METER
Authors: Vass Sandor , Zöldy Máté
Published: March 2021

Spread and evolution of Common Rail (CR) injection systems enable to influence injection events more efficiently than ever, while injection mass flow rate during an injection event crucially affects the combustion process. A measurement device based on the work of Bosch was set up, and measurements were made with different boundary conditions to explore the capabilities of the measurement system and to validate a detailed model of a CR injector. The main finding of this research work is, that orifice size had no noticeable effect on the measured injection rate traces, while it was stated in the original work that a small orifice is needed to terminate the measuring tube to maintain stable measurement conditions. Moreover, the backpressure level in the measuring system has a significant effect on the measured injection traces. If pressure in the measuring tube is low, gradient at the injection rate rise is lower, while if the pressure is comparable with that of a combustion chamber maximal compression pressure, measurement of higher doses is unaccomplishable due to the long pressure decrease time in the measuring tube after the end of the injection. Based on the results of the investigation, it can be stated that the Bosch-type injection rate measurement method does not give back the exact injection rate shape, a supplementing method would be necessary to calculate real nozzle flow rate.
Preparedness Assessment of Physicians during Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Elhabashi Eman Moawad , Tawfik Reham Farouk , Abou-Hashima Fatma  Maamoun , El Shafei Arwa Mohamed , El-Aguizy Fayrouz
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Since first confirmed case of coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 in December 2019 by Chinese health authorities and subsequent World Health Organization (WHO) declaration that COVID-19 is a global public health crisis, radical changes have occurred all over the world associating massive lockdown with increased numbers of infected cases and related mortalities. As health care workers (HCWs) are at a great risk to get COVID-19 infection and hence can be a dangerous source of spreading it to the community, it was important to assess HCWs knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 infection prevention and control (IPC) to help limit the outcomes of COVID-19.
AIM: The objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of physicians regarding COVID-19 IPC.
METHODS: Research setting is “Kasr Al-Ainy” Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University Hospital. Design: A cross-sectional analytical observational hospital-based research in June 2020. Population: A convenient sample of 50 physicians working at Cairo University Hospital was included. Data collection: Self-administered questionnaires derived from the WHO IPC guide during health care when COVID-19 is suspected were used.
RESULTS: Mean age of studied group was 30.5 ± 3.97, while their mean years of practice were 4.7 ± 3.55. Mean knowledge score among physicians was 5.6 (± 0.56), two-thirds of them had sufficient knowledge regarding COVID-19 IPC as their mean attitude score among 24.9 (± 2.8). While mean practice scores 5.6 (± 1.05), yet only 68% of the participating physicians use a new set of personal protective equipment when care is given to a different patient.
CONCLUSION: Physician’s moderate knowledge, poor attitude, and modest practice toward COVID-19 IPC were found to be not sufficient, not favorable nor safe enough to expected standards.
Avian diversity in forest, agriculture and water stream habitats of Dehradun Valley, Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Joshi Kamal , Bhatt Dinesh , Arya Ashish
Published: March 2021

The Western Himalaya is recognised for its biological diversity and ecological values. An attempt was made to understand the avian diversity distribution in Forest, Agriculture and Water stream habitats of Dehradun (Western Himalaya) Uttarakhand. A total of two hundred and thirty one species belonging to 54 families were encountered during the survey. Out of these, one endangered species (Egyptian Vulture, Neophron percnopterus) and three near-threatened species Alexandrine Parakeet (Psittacula eupatria), Black-necked Stork (Ephippiorhynchus asiaticu) and River Lapwing (Vanellus duvaucelii) and one vulnerable species Woolly-necked Stork (Ciconia episcopus) were sighted. Three avian species, Mistle Thrush, Sulphur-bellied Warbler and White-rumped Munia. have been recorded as isolates in the study area. The presence of these species indicates the habitats extension in Dehradun District of Uttarakhand. The present study provides significant records in the study site and provides a baseline data for future study with reference to conservation in Dehradun Region.
Clinical Aspects of Spinal Meningiomas: a Review
Authors: Apostolov Georgi , Kehayov Ivo , Kitov Borislav
Published: March 2021

Spinal meningiomas are found in all age groups, predominantly in women aged over 50 years. The clinical symptoms of this condition may range from mild to significant neurological deficit, varying widely depending on the location, position in relation to the spinal cord, size and histological type of the tumor. Magnetic resonance imaging is the diagnostic tool of choice because it shows the location, size, the axial position of the tumor, and the presence of concomitant conditions such as spinal malformations, edema or syringomyelia.  According to the degree of malignancy, the World Health Organization divides meningiomas into three grades: grade I - benign; grade II – atypical, and grade III - malignant. The goal of the surgery is total resection which is achievable in 82%–98% of cases. Advances in radiosurgery have led to its increased use as primary or adjunct therapy. The current paper aims to review the fundamental clinical as-pects of spinal meningiomas such as their epidemiology, clinical presentation, histological characteristics, diagnostics, and management.