New Names and New Combinations of &lt;i&gt;Jarava&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Cinna&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Coleanthus&lt;/i&gt;,&lt;i&gt; Sclerochloa&lt;/i&gt; and&lt;i&gt; Graphephorum&lt;/i&gt; (Poales)
Authors: Fu Da-Li 
Published: July 2024

When establishing a new genus, the utilization of incorrect genera or mere synonyms as comparative taxa will inevitably result in the emergence of a new synonym and leading to new taxonomic confusions. However, both traditional taxonomy and modern phylogeny have limitations in their objectivity and impartiality when it comes to accurately identifying taxa for scientific comparison. In order to scientifically identify the genus synonyms and resolving the taxonomic nomenclature confusions within three families of Stipaceae Burnett, Avenaceae Martinov and Poaceae (R.Br.) Barnh (Poales Small), using the minimum criterion PHS (phylogenetic similarity) ≤ 0.928 (inter genera) for genus classification by CPCG (chloroplast complete genomes) of Fructophyta D.L.Fu & H.Fu, total 19 current synonyms of the five genera of &lt;i&gt;Jarava&lt;/i&gt; Ruiz et Pav, &lt;i&gt;Graphephorum &lt;/i&gt;Desv., &lt;i&gt;Cinna &lt;/i&gt;L., &lt;i&gt;Coleanthus &lt;/i&gt;Seidl and &lt;i&gt;Sclerochloa &lt;/i&gt;P.Beauv. have been identified, 4 current synonyms of the genus &lt;i&gt;Jarava&lt;/i&gt; Ruiz et Pav including &lt;i&gt;Amelichloa &lt;/i&gt;Arriaga & Barkworth,&lt;i&gt; Eriocoma&lt;/i&gt; Nutt., &lt;i&gt;Nassella &lt;/i&gt;(Trin.) É.Desv. and &lt;i&gt;Pseudoeriocoma&lt;/i&gt; Romasch. et al., 6 current synonyms of the genus &lt;i&gt;Graphephorum &lt;/i&gt;Desv. being &lt;i&gt;Cinnagrostis &lt;/i&gt;Griseb., &lt;i&gt;Leptophyllochloa &lt;/i&gt;C.E.Calderón ex Nicora, &lt;i&gt;Limnodea &lt;/i&gt;Dewey, &lt;i&gt;Peyritschia &lt;/i&gt;E.Fourn., &lt;i&gt;Sphenopholis&lt;/i&gt; Scribn. and &lt;i&gt;Trisetopsis &lt;/i&gt;Röser & A.Wölk, 7 current synonyms of the genus &lt;i&gt;Cinna &lt;/i&gt;L. being &lt;i&gt;Aniselytron&lt;/i&gt; Merr., &lt;i&gt;Arctagrostis &lt;/i&gt;Griseb., &lt;i&gt;Dupontia &lt;/i&gt;R.Br., &lt;i&gt;Festucella &lt;/i&gt;E.B.Alexeev, &lt;i&gt;Hookerochloa &lt;/i&gt;E.B.Alexeev, &lt;i&gt;Nicoraepoa &lt;/i&gt;Soreng & L.J.Gillespie, &lt;i&gt;Saxipoa &lt;/i&gt;Soreng et al. and &lt;i&gt;Sylvipoa&lt;/i&gt; Soreng, 1 current synonym of the genus &lt;i&gt;Coleanthus &lt;/i&gt;Seidl being &lt;i&gt;Phippsia &lt;/i&gt;(Trin.) R.Br and 1 current synonym of the genus &lt;i&gt;Sclerochloa &lt;/i&gt;P.Beauv. being &lt;i&gt;Puccinellia&lt;/i&gt; Parl.. Additionally, 10 new specific names such as &lt;i&gt;Jarava thurberiana &lt;/i&gt;Piper ex D.L.Fu, &lt;i&gt;Graphephorum prasinum&lt;/i&gt; D.L.Fu and&lt;i&gt; Cinna trinii &lt;/i&gt;D.L.Fu, along with 406 new specific combinations like&lt;i&gt; Jarava acuta&lt;/i&gt; (Swallen) D.L.Fu,&lt;i&gt; Graphephorum cernuum&lt;/i&gt; (Trin.) D.L.Fu,&lt;i&gt; Coleanthus algidus &lt;/i&gt;(Sol.) D.L.Fu and &lt;i&gt;Sclerochloa acroxantha&lt;/i&gt; (C.A.Sm. & C.E.Hubb.) D.L.Fu have been scientifically and validly published. These publications will effectively resolve taxonomic nomenclature confusions in a scientific manner and establish a solid foundation for evolutionary system research within the order Poales Small.