bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A pilot study of using smartphone application versus routine follow up for patients' care in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Authors: Prasongsook Naiyarat , Seetalarom Kasan , Saichaemchan Siriwimon , Udomdamrongkul Kitipong
Published: October 2019

9

Background: Web-based patient reported outcome (PRO) improved quality of life (QoL), and overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced NSCLC who were treating with specific therapy. Lung Cancer Care application is a mobile application program that provides patients with individually tailored information on patient reported outcome. This study aims to invent a novel mobile application evaluating PRO for Thai NSCLC patients, and to evaluate the validity of mobile application. Methods: Our mobile application-based PRO was designed for monitoring quality of life. The validity of the application was tested following guidelines for translating, and validating a questionnaire. The quality of life score (FACT-L score). After the validated mobile application-based PRO, patients with advanced NSCLC were randomized to use mobile application-based PRO versus routine follow-up. The primary endpoint was quality of life (QoL). Secondary endpoint was OS. Results: Thirty-three patients with advanced NSCLC were enrolled. The mean of FACT-L score at baseline in mobile application-based PRO arm and routine follow up arm was similar (90.08 ± 5.66 vs 91.78 ± 5.26, p-value= 0.82). Patients with mobile application group had more FACT-L score at 3 months than patients with routine follow up arm (106 ± 5.97 vs 99.96 ± 5.74, p-value = 0.07). There was a trend towards increased in different mean of FACT-L score at baseline and 3 months in patients with mobile application compared to patients with routine follow up ( p-value = 0.05). The median follow-up time was 5.43 months, patients with mobile application had longer median OS than patients with routine follow up (4 months vs 2.9 months, p-value = 0.5). Conclusions: Lung Cancer Care application based on self-reported symptoms is a novel electronic device for real-time patient care monitoring. Our study results showed trend towards improved quality of life from using this novel mobile application. However, there was small samples for pilot testing, the relatively large sampling errors may reduce the statistical power needed to validate this tool.
New generation of oncolytic herpesviruses embodying immunotherapeutic genes encoding IL-12 and anti-PD-1 antibody.
Authors: Zhou Grace , Ni Dongyao , Yan Runbin , Chen Xiaoqing , Liu Xianjie , Tang Yuxin , Ma Jie
Published: October 2019

92

Background: Systemic administration of checkpoint inhibitors alone and especially concurrent with intratumoral administration of oncolytic herpes simplex viruses (oHSV) have a major impact on cancer therapy marred by rare failures of healthy organs. Methods: We constructed 3 recombinant oHSVs expressing no immunomodulatory genes (T1 series), murine or human IL-12 (T2 series) and murine or human IL-12 and anti-PD-1 antibody (T3 series). We compared 1) the oncolytic effects of a single or multiple intratumoral injection(s) of T1, T2 and T3 series oHSVs, 2) the effectiveness of intratumoral injection of T3 oHSV with systemic administration of anti PD-1 ab and IL12 alone or in combinations with T1. Results: Insertion of gene encoding PD-1 Ab significantly augmented the oncolytic activity of oHSV bereft of immunostimulatory genes (T1 series) or expressing IL-12 alone (T2 series). In syngeneic mice the T3 series oHSV expressing murine IL-12 and PD-1 Ab was effective against a variety of murine tumors. Concurrent with enhanced cytolytic activity the T3 induced significant intratumoral accumulation of IL-12, PD-1 Ab and IFN-γ. Consistent with an earlier report of an inverse correlation between the volume of the tumor and the quantity of retained IFN-γ. The most effective oncolytic effect resulted from the administration of T3855 expressing both IL12 and anti PD-1 antibody or T2850 concurrently with intraperitoneal administration of anti PD-1 antibody alone. The least effective were single intraperitoneal administration of IL12 or PD-1 antibody. Intratumoral injection of T3 oHSV was most effective against murine tumors in comparison of either systemic administration of anti PD-1 ab and IL12 or intratumoral injection of T1 in combinations of systemic administration of anti PD-1 ab and IL12. Conclusions: We report the marriage in a single therapeutic agent of three distinct cancer therapies: the targeting of cancer cells by oncolytic viruses, the stimulation of immune system by IL12, and the production of immunotherapeutic antibodies against PD-1. The significant finding reported in this article is that the anti-tumor responses remain concentrated in the tumor environment.
Concordance between a clinical decision-support system and treatments selected by clinicians as a function of cancer type or stage.
Authors: Suwanvecho Suthida , Suwanrusme Harit , Issarachai Surasit , Jirakulaporn Tanawat , Taechakraichana Nimit , Lungchukiet Palita , Thanakarn Nittaya , Decha Wimolrat , Boonpakdee Wisanu , Wongrattananon Pattanawadee , Preininger Anita , Arriaga Yull Edwin , Solomon Metasebya , Wang Suwei , Dankwa-Mullan Irene , Esquivel Jaime , Patel Vimla L , Shortliffe Edward , Jackson Gretchen , Kiatikajornthada Narongsak
Published: October 2019

95

Background: Watson for Oncology (WFO) is an artificial intelligence (AI) based clinical decision-support tool trained by Memorial Sloan Kettering. This retrospective observational study of breast, lung, colon and rectal cancer examined the concordance of treatment options provided by WFO to treatments selected by clinicians at Bumrungrad International Hospital (BIH) as a function of stage or cancer type. Methods: Concordance between WFO treatment options and treatments selected by BIH clinicians (WFO-BIH concordance) was defined as identical or equally acceptable treatments, as determined by a panel of experts blinded to the source of treatment. Relationships between stage or type of cancer and WFO-BIH concordant treatments were evaluated by Chi-squared analysis. Results: Analysis revealed a statistically significant association ( P = 0.02) between cancer stage and concordance. For all 4 cancer types combined, stages I-III demonstrated higher concordance than stage IV. A highly significant association ( P < 0.001) between concordance and cancer type was identified. Colon cancer demonstrated the highest concordance, followed by rectal, lung and breast cancer. Reasons for discordance, when given, related to oncologist or patient preferences, and treatment availability. Conclusions: BIH clinicians tended to agree more with WFO therapeutic options for stage I-III cancers and colon cancer in general, as compared to relatively less agreement for stage IV cancers and breast cancer in general, suggesting the need to understand reasons for discordance among all cancer types and stages. An AI tool, trained by experts in the U.S., provides treatment options consistent with some therapies selected in international settings, but preferences and treatment availability may affect choices made in practice. [Table: see text]
Risk scoring model to predict recurrence in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).
Authors: Agrawal Sushma , Mishra Prabhakar , Lal Punita , Agarwal Gaurav , Agarwal Amit , Mishra Anjali , Mishra saroj K
Published: October 2019

98

Background: Complete response (CR) to NACT portends favorable long term outcomes in LABC. There is a need for a tool to risk categorise patients for recurrence risk (RR), so that intensification of treatment can be offered to women with high risk of recurrence. Methods: A prospectively maintained database of LABC (between January 2007 to December 2012), who received NACT followed by definitive surgery, radiotherapy and endocrine therapy in endocrine sensitive disease was retrospectively analyzed for clinico-pathological and treatment factors affecting disease free survival (DFS). A risk scoring model was developed on the basis of beta coefficients of identified independent risk factors for DFS. Results: The incidence of loco-regional relapse was 8% and that of distant metastases was 32% in a dataset of 206 patients at a median follow-up of 47 months (IQR 24-62 mo). The independent risk factors for recurrence were index T stage [HR 1.8 (0.9-3.6)], N stage [HR 1.7 (0.4 – 4.7)], grade [HR 1.8 (0.8-4.2)], age less than and more than 40 years [HR 1.6 (0.4-0.9)], pathologic CR [HR 4.3 (1.7- 10.7)], intrinsic subtype [HR 2.2 (1.3-3.7)], and type of surgery (BCS vs MRM) [HR 2.2 (1.3-3.6)]. The ROC of the model for the prediction of recurrence was 0.67 (95 % CI: 0.61-0.75). The results of this model were validated by dividing the population into 3 risk groups: low risk (score less than 12), intermediate risk group (score between 13-15), high risk group (score 16 or more). The chances of recurrence are 16% versus 34% versus 57% in low, intermediate and high risk group respectively. Presence of three risk factors implies low risk, five intermediate and more than five high risk. Conclusions: The risk scoring model developed by us predicts RR and can be used for selecting patients for treatment intensification in high risk category.
Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) or surgery in early stage (I & II) non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Authors: Koyi Hirsh , Daham Kameran , Al-Ameri Mamdoh , Branden Eva
Published: October 2019

99

Background: For patients with NSCLC clinical stages I and II disease with no medical contraindications, surgery is treatment of choice showing 5-year survival rates of about 60–80% for stage I and 40–50% for stage II, respectively. However, for patients who are medically or technically unfit for surgery and for patients refusing surgery, SBRT is an alternative with local control rates > 90% at 3 years. Methods: Medical journals in all patients with stage I or II NSCLC who were underwent surgery and treated with SBRT at the Department of oncology or thoracic surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden from 2003 to 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: In all, 267 (74.8%) underwent surgery and 90 (25.2%) were treated with SBRT. Mean, median and range of age among the surgery group was 69.2, 70.0 and 41-85 years, while in the SBRT group, these figures were 77.6, 79.0 and 52-90 years. The difference in age between the groups was significant (p < 0.001).There were significantly more comorbidites in the SBRT group. Among the surgery group, 90.2% were smokers or former smokers. The figures for SBRT group was 91.1%. The difference in smoking habits between the groups was not significant (p < 0.713). There was a significant difference in performance status (PS) between the groups (p < 0.001) with with PS 0-1 in 99.3% in the surgery group compared with 66.7% in the SBRT group. There was a significant difference in lung function with median FEV1 2.11 liter in surgery group compared to 1.3 in the SBRT group. The figures for median FEV1% was 85.0% respectively 57.0%. The median overall survival was 7.7 years for the surgery group and 3.72 years for the SBRT group (p < 0.001). Five years survival was 65.5% in the surgery group and 31.6% in the SBRT group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The much worse median overall survival in the SBRT group can be explained by the selection of patients, but still, a median survival for nearly 4 years in an elderly group with so many comorbidities and a poor PS indicates that SBRT has been of value.
Simulated Costs of the ASCO Patient-Centered Oncology Payment Model in Medicare Beneficiaries With Newly Diagnosed Advanced Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Moss Haley A. , Havrilesky Laura J. , Wang Frances F. , Georgieva Mihaela V. , Hendrix Laura H. , Dinan Michaela A.
Published: October 2019

PURPOSE:

Efforts to curb the rising costs of cancer care while improving quality include alternative payment models (APMs), which offer incentives to reduce avoidable spending and provide high-quality and cost-efficient care. The impact of proposed APMs has not been quantified in real-world practice. In this study, we evaluated ASCO’s Patient-Centered Oncology Payment (PCOP) model in existing fee-for-service (FFS) Medicare beneficiaries to understand the magnitude of potential cost savings.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

SEER-Medicare data were used to identify women with advanced ovarian cancer diagnosed between 2000 and 2012 who either (1) underwent primary debulking surgery followed by chemotherapy or (2) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery. Medicare payments in each cohort were used to compare FFS and PCOP and to estimate the potential for cost savings across health care services received, including outpatient emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and imaging.

RESULTS:

Three thousand seven hundred seventy-seven primary debulking surgery and 866 neoadjuvant chemotherapy patients were included in the study, with mean total costs of $75,433 and $95,138 in 2016 US$, respectively Most costs were related to chemotherapy or hospitalization. Additional PCOP-related payments would be offset if hospitalizations could be reduced by 11.6% or imaging claims by 88%.

CONCLUSION:

APMs have the potential to reduce costs of current FFS reimbursement via either a large reduction in imaging or a modest reduction in hospitalizations during treatment of ovarian cancer. PCOP is a reasonable payment structure for oncologists if the additional payments can provide the necessary resources to invest in improved coordination of care.
Plasma Renin Measurements are Unrelated to Mineralocorticoid Replacement Dose in Patients With Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Authors: Pofi Riccardo , Prete Alessandro , Thornton-Jones Vivien , Bryce Jillian , Ali Salma R , Faisal Ahmed S , Balsamo Antonio , Baronio Federico , Cannuccia Amalia , Guven Ayla , Guran Tulay , Darendeliler Feyza , Higham Claire , Bonfig Walter , de Vries Liat , Bachega Tania A S S , Miranda Mirela C , Mendonca Berenice B , Iotova Violeta , Korbonits Màrta , Krone Nils P , Krone Ruth , Lenzi Andrea , Arlt Wiebke , Ross Richard J , Isidori Andrea M , Tomlinson Jeremy W
Published: October 2019

Context

No consensus exists for optimization of mineralocorticoid therapy in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency.

Objective

To explore the relationship between mineralocorticoid (MC) replacement dose, plasma renin concentration (PRC), and clinically important variables to determine which are most helpful in guiding MC dose titration in primary adrenal insufficiency.

Design

Observational, retrospective, longitudinal analysis.

Patients

A total of 280 patients (with 984 clinical visits and plasma renin measurements) with primary adrenal insufficiency were recruited from local databases and the international congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) registry (www.i-cah.org). Thirty-seven patients were excluded from the final analysis due to incomplete assessment. Data from 204 patients with salt-wasting CAH (149 adults and 55 children) and 39 adult patients with Addison disease (AD) were analysed.

Main outcome measures

PRC, electrolytes, blood pressure (BP), and anthropometric parameters were used to predict their utility in optimizing MC replacement dose.

Results

PRC was low, normal, or high in 19%, 36%, and 44% of patients, respectively, with wide variability in MC dose and PRC. Univariate analysis demonstrated a direct positive relationship between MC dose and PRC in adults and children. There was no relationship between MC dose and BP in adults, while BP increased with increasing MC dose in children. Using multiple regression modeling, sodium was the only measurement that predicted PRC in adults. Longitudinally, the change in MC dose was able to predict potassium, but not BP or PRC.

Conclusions

The relationship between MC dose and PRC is complex and this may reflect variability in sampling with respect to posture, timing of last MC dose, adherence, and concomitant medications. Our data suggest that MC titration should not primarily be based only on PRC normalization, but also on clinical parameters such as BP and electrolyte concentration.
The conserved metalloprotease invadolysin is present in invertebrate haemolymph and vertebrate blood
Authors: Abhinav Kanishk , Feng Linda , Morrison Emma , Jung Yunshin , Dear James , Takahashi Satoru , Heck Margarete M. S.
Published: October 2019

We identified invadolysin, a novel essential metalloprotease, for functions in chromosome structure, cell proliferation and migration. Invadolysin also plays an important metabolic role in insulin signaling and is the only protease known to localise to lipid droplets, the main lipid storage organelle in the cell. In silico examination of the protein sequence of invadolysin predicts not only protease and lipase catalytic motifs, but also post-translational modifications and the secretion of invadolysin. Here we show that the protease motif of invadolysin is important for its role in lipid accumulation, but not in glycogen accumulation. The lipase motif does not appear to be functionally important for accumulation of lipids or glycogen. Post-translational modifications likely contribute to modulating the level, localisation or activity of invadolysin. We identified a secreted form of invadolysin in the soluble fraction of invertebrate hemolymph (where we observe sexually dimorphic forms) and also vertebrate plasma, including in the extracellular vesicle fraction. Biochemical analysis for various post-translational modifications demonstrated that secreted invadolysin is both N- and O-glycosylated, but not apparently GPI-linked. The discovery of invadolysin in the extracellular milieu suggests a role for invadolysin in normal organismal physiology.
Cellular response to bacterial infection in the grasshopper Oxya chinensis
Authors: Zhang Xiaomin , Zhang Keshi
Published: October 2019

Oxya chinensis is one of the most widespread grasshopper species found in China and one of the most common pests against rice. In view of the importance of haemocytes in insect immunity in general, and the lack of information on the haemocytes of O. chinensis, we examined the haemocytes of this species in detail. We challenged the cellular response of this grasshopper with the bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis. Haemocyte morphology was observed using light, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy, which revealed distinct morphological varieties of haemocytes. Granulocytes and plasmatocytes responded to the bacterial challenge by phagocytosis. Histochemical staining indicated the presence of acid phosphatase in plasmatocytes and granulocytes. We also observed non-phagocytic prohemocytes and vermicytes, but their functions in the circulation are unclear. Insect haemocytes play a crucial role in cellular immunity, and further research is needed for a comprehensive understanding.
Heterogeneity and plasticity of porcine alveolar macrophage and pulmonary interstitial macrophage isolated from healthy pigs in vitro
Authors: Liu Huan , Liu Jia , Huang Jing , Bai Xianchang , Wang Qinfu
Published: October 2019

This study was to investigate the heterogeneity and plasticity of porcine alveolar macrophages (PAM) and pulmonary interstitial macrophages (IM) isolated from healthy pigs, including phenotype, function and gene expression. Dynamic changes of nitric oxide (NO) levels secreted by PAM and IM with stimulation of different doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were investigated by Griess method and the viability of the PAM and IM cells was investigated by MTT assay. The flow cytometry, fluorescence quantitative PCR and ELISA techniques were used to measure cell phenotype, gene expression and cytokine secretion, respectively. The PAM and IM cells in normal healthy pigs showed heterogeneity with (95.42±1.51) % and (31.99±5.84) % of CD163+ macrophage, respectively. The NO level in IM was significantly higher versus PAM after LPS treatment. Consistently, the ratio of Arg I/iNOS in IM was much lower than that in PAM, suggesting that the PAM belongs to M2 macrophages and IM belongs to M1 macrophages. The PAM and IM cells in normal healthy pigs also showed plasticity. The Arg I/iNOS ratio and TIMP1/MMP12 ratio were significantly decreased in LPS or LPS+IFNγ treated PAM and IM, suggesting that cells were polarized towards M1 macrophages under LPS or LPS+IFNγ stimulation. On the contrary, IL-4 and IL-13 stimulation on PAM and IM leaded to M2 polarization. Similar result was found in IL-1β gene expression and TNFα secretion. In conclusion, porcine macrophages have shown heterogeneity and plasticity on polarization under the stimulation of LPS, IFNγ, IL-4 and IL-13.
Neonatal iron distribution and infection susceptibility in full term, preterm and low birthweight babies in urban Gambia: study protocol for an observational study.
Authors: Cross James H. , Jarjou Ousman , Mohammed Nuredin Ibrahim , Prentice Andrew M. , Cerami Carla
Published: October 2019

Background: Neonatal infection is the third largest cause of death in children under five worldwide.  Nutritional immunity is the process by which the host innate immune system limits nutrient availability to invading organisms. Iron is an essential micronutrient for both microbial pathogens and their mammalian hosts. Changes in iron availability and distribution have significant effects on pathogen virulence and on the immune response to infection. Our previously published data shows that, during the first 24 hours of life, full-term neonates have reduced overall serum iron. Transferrin saturation decreases rapidly from 45% in cord blood to ~20% by six hours post-delivery.

Methods: To study neonatal nutritional immunity and its role in neonatal susceptibility to infection, we will conduct an observational study on 300 full-term normal birth weight (FTB+NBW), 50 preterm normal birth weight (PTB+NBW), 50 preterm low birth weight (PTB+LBW) and 50 full-term low birth weight (FTB+LBW), vaginally-delivered neonates born at Kanifing General Hospital, The Gambia. We will characterize and quantify iron-related nutritional immunity during the early neonatal period and use ex vivo sentinel bacterial growth assays to assess how differences in serum iron affect bacterial growth. Blood samples will be collected from the umbilical cord (arterial and venous) and at serial time points from the neonates over the first week of life.

Discussion: Currently, little is known about nutritional immunity in neonates. In this study, we will increase understanding of how nutritional immunity may protect neonates from infection during the first critical days of life by limiting the pathogenicity and virulence of neonatal sepsis causing organisms by reducing the availability of iron. Additionally, we will investigate the hypothesis that this protective mechanism may not be activated in preterm and low birth weight neonates, potentially putting these babies at an enhanced risk of neonatal infection.

Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03353051) 27/11/2017
At a glance: Common winter illnesses in children
Authors: Tinsley Elizabeth
Published: October 2019

Cold weather during the winter months has a direct effect on the health of vulnerable groups including older people and children under 5. It also increases the incidence of respiratory disease, flu, falls and injuries and hypothermia. Overall, the death rate in the UK is higher during winter months, from the start of December to the end of March. This article provides an overview of some of the conditions that can affect young children during cold weather, and how parents can be advised to manage and treat them.
A model student: The road to further education
Authors: Hancock David
Published: October 2019

Emma Wallace completed the transition from midwife to full-time health visitor and went on to undertake a Master's degree. Here she talks about her experience of part-time study and the opportunities it has presented to develop her career
Mind your manners
Authors: Hanley Jane
Published: October 2019

Jane Hanley reflects on the role of the health visitor as an agent of social change, setting an example to establish and maintain respectful communication with families
Minimising infection spread of influenza in the care setting
Authors: Higginson Ray
Published: October 2019

Seasonal influenza epidemics are a major public health concern, each year causing tens of millions of respiratory illnesses and many deaths worldwide. The young, the elderly and those with pre-existing medical conditions are particularly susceptible to influenza virus complications. In addition to the risk to health, the economic costs of influenza is substantial and the burden posed by the virus to the NHS is great. The currently available influenza virus vaccines are safe and effective in preventing influenza. Along with vaccination, adherence to universal precautions and infection control measures can help prevent the spread of influenza. This article will explore some the most up-to-date influenza literature and research. It will discuss how nurses and other health professionals can use this evidence in order to help them mitigate the consequences of influenza.
Understanding influenza and its complications
Authors: Duncan Debbie
Published: October 2019

Influenza is a contagious respiratory illness caused by specific viruses. Most people recover from fever and other symptoms within a week without any features of complicated influenza. However, it is important for nurses working in general practice to be aware of the risk that influenza can pose to patients. There are specific groups of people who are more susceptible to influenza and its resulting complications. Vaccination is the key to reducing risk and this should be promoted in general practice.
The Profile of Structure Sense in Abstract Algebra Instruction in an Indonesian Mathematics Education
Authors: Y. Junarti*, , L. Y. , Mulyono Mulyono , Karomah Nur
Published: October 2019

The structure sense is a part that must be learned in order to help understand and construct connection in abstract algebra. This study aimed at building the pattern of a structure sense as a profile of the structure sense in group property. Using a qualitative study, the structure sense of group property was explored through lecturing activity of abstract algebra course from two individual assignments given to the students. The students who could provide the best answers from the first and second individual assignments were chosen to be the respondents. The data from the second assignment, then, was analyzed through presentation, interpretation, coding, making a pattern, leveling and continued with clarification through an interview. The results of the study show that there were six patterns of structure sense answers and five levels of structure senses made by the students as the profile of structure sense. The conclusion is the inability to recognize the structure of the set elements, operation notations, and binary operation properties is one of the causes of the constraints in structuring the proof construction of the group. Thus, a thinking of mathematics connection is needed in structure understanding as a connection between symbol in learning and the symbol of abstract.
Psychometric Assessment and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Grit-S Scale among Omani and American Universities’ Students
Authors: Alhadabi Amal , Aldhafri Said , Alkharusi Hussain , Al-Harthy Ibrahim , AlBarashdi Hafidha , Alrajhi Marwa
Published: October 2019

The current study aimed to adopt and assess the psychometric properties and measurement invariance of Grit-S among Omani and American students (N = 487) using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The scale’s construct validity was estimated by investigating its associations with achievement goal orientations (AGOs). EFA results suggested that a two-factor solution (i.e., perseverance of effort [G_PE] and consistency of interest [G_CI]) was the best factorial structure, explaining 47.74% and 51.02% of the variance in the Omani and American samples, respectively. The factors had good reliability coefficients in the two samples. Related to the intercultural differences, G_PE explained more variance among Omanis (31.02%) relative to American sample, whereas G_CI explained a larger proportion of variance among Americans (36.86%) compared with Omani sample. The first level of measurement invariance, configural invariance, was not supported, necessitating the investigation of the other levels of measurement invariance using a new sample. Grit correlated positively with mastery and performance-approach goals (r = .29 and .12, respectively) and negatively with avoidance goals (r = -.25), supporting the scale’s construct validity. These findings showed that Grit-S scale can be used as valid and reliable assessment tool to assess student interest and perseverance in the academic context in Arabic/Omani and American cultures.
Investigation of EFL Student Teachers’ Emotional Responses to Affective Situations during Practicum
Authors: Alhebaishi Safaa Mohammad
Published: October 2019

This study investigates the emotional responses of EFL student teachers to various affective situations during practicum and their coping strategies to enhance positive emotions and reduce negative emotions. Seventy female EFL student teachers participated in this study. To collect quantitative and qualitative data, two instruments were used: an emotional reflective diary and semi-structured interviews. The results of the study revealed that the practicum is an emotionally positive experience. The frequency of occurrence of pleasant affective situations was more than that of unpleasant ones. In the decreasing order of frequency, the most frequent emotional responses were happy, angry, and stressed and the least frequent ones were lost, influential, and shamed. Furthermore, the results indicated that student teachers adopted many regulation strategies to manage their emotions. The study recommends that teacher education programmes increase the focus on teachers’ emotions and training student teachers to manage their emotions to build future professional identities.
Approaching Problem-Solving Skills of Momentum and Impulse Phenomena Using Context and Problem-Based Learning
Authors: Yuberti Yuberti , Latifah Sri , Anugrah Adyt , Saregar Antomi , Misbah Misbah , Jermsittiparsert Kittisak
Published: October 2019

The industrial revolution era 4.0 has now become a major topic in every country. Various sectors respond quickly to this problem, including education. In response to this, there are several aspects of skills that students must master. One of them is problem-solving skills. One of the aspects that influence the students’ problem-solving skills is the context and problem-based learning model. The purpose of this study is to describe the effect of the model on students' skills to solve physics problems. The research method used is a quasi-experimental research design with non-equivalent control group design. The data analysis technique used Independent Sample T-Test by PASW 18 with a significance 5%. Based on the results of the Independent Sample T-Test can be concluded that there is an effect on the model that was applied with a significant gain of 0,00. The results showed that the context and problem-based learning (C-PBL) model affected the physics problem-solving skills. The C-PBL model is able to improve the students’ physics problem-solving skills, communication skills, the students’ confidence in learning, as well as improving students’ understanding of physics lessons conceptually.
A Case Report of Inverting Papilloma of Lacrimal Sac
Authors: Omana Elaine Marie Y. , Kleiner Franklin P.
Published: October 2019

Purpose
To report a rare case of Inverting Papilloma originating from the Lacrimal Sac in Tertiary Hospital.

Method
Case report.

Results
Inverting papilloma is uncommon in lacrimal sac. More often presents in Maxillary sinus, Ethmoid sinus and lateral wall of nasal cavity. This case of 69 years old, Filipino male, who presented with a two-year history of gradually enlarging left medial canthal mass, and tearing. There were no ophthalmoplegia, visual disturbances, proptosis or pain but there was globe displacement superolaterally. Other ophthalmologic examinations were unremarkable at that time of examination. Orbital CT-scan revealed: Heterogenously enhancing mass extending to ipsilateral nasolacrimal canal and nasal cavity causing mass effect. There was note of a suspicious area of hyperostosis. Patient was referred to the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery for co-management. Punch biopsy was done and histopathology revealed Inverting papilloma. Combined surgical management of anterior Maxillectomy via lateral Rhinotomy approach and Dacryocystectomy was done. Intraoperatively, there was note of adhesions to bone in the area of the Lacrimal Sac corresponding to the area of hyperostosis on CT-scan. Post-operative recovery was unremarkable with unchanged visual acuity and extraocular muscle movement.

Conclusions
This is a case of an inverting papilloma involving the lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct that was managed with combined anterior maxillectomy via Lateral Rhinotomy approach and dacryocystectomy for complete resection. We recommended complete resection of the tumor to minimize recurrence. Origin in the Lacrimal Sac area was confirmed by intraoperative findings which correlated with CT- scan findings.
Medicogenetic counseling and prediction of insulin-dependent diabetes
mellitus
Authors: Kuraeva T. L. , Remizov O. V. , Dedov I. I.
Published: October 2019

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a genetically determined disease, in the mechanisms of which autoimmune processes are leading, leading to disruption of insulin production. At present, quite convincing data have been accumulated testifying to the importance of genetic factors in the development of IDDM. Their contribution to the development of the disease (heritability coefficient) is 0.6-0.7, if we take the complete dependence of the development of IDDM on genetic factors as 1.0. The realization of a genetic predisposition in many respects depends on environmental influences that are not yet fully understood. In the development of IDDM, 6 stages are distinguished: stage 1 - a genetic predisposition, stage 2 - a hypothetical starting moment, stage 3 - an active autoimmune process, stage 4 - a decrease in insulin secretion in response to glucose intake, 5 stage I - clinical manifestation, which develops after the death of 80-90% of b-cells, and stage 6 - complete destruction of b-cells. Complete destruction of b-cells, according to some authors, occurs after 5 years or more. Since the development of IDDM is, as a rule, a long multi-stage process that sharply manifests itself at some point, in recent years attempts have been made to predict the development of the disease and verify the asymptomatic preclinical period.
Antiprogestines
Authors: Sergheyev P. V. , Kareva Ye. N. , Tkacheva N. Yu. , Vysotsky M. M.
Published: October 2019

Antiprogestins are steroid compounds that have a high ability to bind to progesterone cell receptors and thus prevent their binding to endogenous steroid hormone.

The first achievements in the search for progesterone antagonists were obtained in the laboratories of well-known companies Roussel-Uclaf and Schering AG, where hundreds of Hp-arylsteroid derivatives were synthesized, of which the most common were mifepristone (RU 38486), lilopristone (ZK 08734), onapriston (ZK 08200 )

At present, antiprogestins are used as implantation inhibitors, contraceptives, drugs used in Itsenko-Cushing's disease.

In most cases, antiprogestins are administered to women of active reproductive age.
J. Arendt. Melatonin and the Mammalian Pineal Gland. — London: Chapman & Hall, 1995. — 331 p.
Authors: Anisimov V. N.
Published: October 2019

Despite the rapid progress of endocrinology in the last quarter of the 20th century, it should be noted that no other gland of internal secretion, to the extent that the pineal gland, is honored to be "titular" in the scientific community or scientific journal. Indeed, the European Society for the Study of the Pituitary Gland has been actively working for many years, the Melatonin Club was founded, the Journal of Pineal Research, Advances in Pineal Research, and the European Pineal Society News are published, and international conferences and symposiums are held annually in the last decade. dedicated to the pineal gland and melatonin. The rapid development of chronobiology led to the establishment of the leading role of the pineal gland and its main hormone melatonin in the implementation of the circadian, seasonal and annual rhythms of many functional systems of the body. The monograph under review, written by the famous English researcher of the pineal gland, Josephine Arendt, is a unique publication in which one author has systematized and critically analyzed the vast amount of factual material accumulated to date on the physiological effects and mechanisms of action of melatonin. The book consists of 9 chapters, unequal both in volume and in terms of circle and the importance of the issues addressed in them. The very brief chapter 1 summarizes the history of the study of the pineal gland and the discovery of melatonin and its functions in the body. Unfortunately, there was no place in it to mention such important events as the first description of the morphological picture of the hypofunction of the pineal gland (B.P. Kucherenko, 1941), the pioneering study of A.M. Khelimsky, who in 1953 first came to conclusion about age-related involution of the pineal gland.
Insulin content and arterial pressure in obese women
Authors: Ginzburg M. M. , Kozupitsa G. S. , Sergeyev O. V.
Published: October 2019

The pathogenesis of hypertension developing in obesity is still to be studied. Hyperinsulinism and insulin resistance are believed to contribute to it. A relationship between the levels of basal and glucose-stimulated immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and arterial pressure (AP) has been studied in 36 women aged 18 to 37 suffering from obesity of the first-fourth degrees. Basal IRI level was appreciably increased and directly correlating with systolic and diastolic AP, but not related to body weight excess. AP directly depended on the degree of obesity and disease standing, but not on patient's age. These data permit us to conclude that insulin contributes to the pathogenesis of hypertension in obese women, but further studies are needed to elucidate the type and mechanisms of this contribution.
The effect of corporate social responsibility disclosure and corporate governance on aggressive tax action
Authors: Adiputra I Made Pradana , Martani Dwi , Martadinata I Putu Hendra
Published: October 2019

This study aims to analyze the effect of corporate social responsibility disclosure and corporate governance on aggressive tax action. This study analyzes corporate social responsibility disclosure based on Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), corporate governance analysis using ASEAN Corporate Governance Scorecard and measurement of aggressive tax action by using abnormal book tax difference (ABTD). It was conducted using secondary data in the form of annual reports and financial statements of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2012- 2014. Sampling was done by purposive sampling, with nonprobability method. The sample was determined based on companies disclosing corporate social responsibility in accordance with content analysis on GRI4. The data were analyzed using regression analysis for testing the research model. It shows that the disclosure of corporate social responsibility negatively affects aggressive tax action. It also shows that corporate governance through corporate boards can reduce aggressive tax action, while the audit committee and internal audit have small effect on the tendency of aggressive tax action. This means the government can strengthen and enforce policies related to social responsibility and corporate governance to prevent tax aggressive behavior by companies.
IMPLEMENTASI UU WAKAF DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA WAKAF DI WILAYAH PESISIR JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Islamiyati Islamiyati , Rofiq Ahmad , Setyowati Ro’fah , Hendrawati Dewi
Published: October 2019

Praktek wakaf di masyarakat bagian utara wilayah Jawa Tengah menimbulkan sengketa hukum wakaf. Penelitian menganalisis implementasi Pasal 62 UU No. 41/2004 dalam penyelesaian sengketa wakaf di Jawa Tengah tahun 2016 dan model penyelesaiannya. Jenis penelitian field research dengan sampel penelitian dari wilayah Kabupaten Kendal, Demak dan Kota Semarang. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan adalahyuridis empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penyelesaian sengketa wakaf di daerah Jawa Tengah Bagian Utara menggunakan metode sesuai Pasal 62 UU Wakaf, yakni jalur litigasi dan non litigasi. Para pihak lebih banyak menggunakan jalur non litigasi melalui musyawarah (23 %) dan melalui mediasi (60,8 %).
DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN ISBAT NIKAH TERHADAP PERKAWINAN SIRI DAN CAMPURAN DI KABUPATEN CIANJUR
Authors: Solihah Cucu , Yulianah Yuyun , Nur Hilman , Rozi Mumuh M.
Published: October 2019

Kebijakan isbat nikah berlaku terhadap perkawinan dalam rangka penyelesaian perceraian, hilangnya akta nikah, adanya keraguan tentang sah atau tidaknya salah satu syarat perkawinan, dan terhadap perkawinan yang terjadi sebelum berlakunya Undang-Undang No. 1 Tahun 1974  juga terhadap Perkawinan yang dilakukan oleh mereka yang tidak mempunyai halangan perkawinan menurut Undang-Undang No. 1 Tahun 1974, namun kebijakan tersebut juga dimanfaatkan oleh pasangan suami istri yang menikah  dengan cara siri dan perkawinan campuran. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan normatif yuridis berupa analisis deskriptif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder berupa peraturan yang relevan dengan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya indikasi pemanfaatan celah hukum dari kebijakan isbat nikah oleh masyarakat dan warga Negara asing dalam menikahi wanita Indonesia guna menghindari syarat administrasi perkawinan.
PLURALISM JUSTICE SYSTEM DALAM PENYELESAIAN MASALAH KEBEBASAN BERAGAMA
Authors: Kherid Muhammad Nizar , Wisnaeni Fifiana
Published: October 2019

Gagasan pluralisme hukum melahirkan konsep pluralism justice system sebagai mekanisme non enforcement of law dalam kasus kebebasan beragama. Cara kerja mekanisme ini mengedepankan proses musyawarah yang hakikatnya merupakan revitalisasi moral etika dan nilai-nilai agama itu sendiri. Pembahasan mengupas perspektif hukum serta teori pluralisme hukum. UUD NRI 1945 menggariskan kebebasan beragama sebagai konstitusional bersyarat demi terciptanya kerukunan substantif yang memiliki dua aspek, yakni aspek individualitas (pribadi) dan aspek sosial (masyarakat). Kesimpulan dari tulisan ini bahwa penyelesaian kasus kebebasan beragama sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang No. 5 Tahun 1965 tidak solutif karena bercorak represif (menindas) dan retributif (pembalasan). Gagasan ini merumuskan politik hukum kebebasan beragama untuk membentuk kultur hukum yang baik dan harmonis di dalam struktur masyarakat.
Pemilihan Jenis Pembebanan Statik untuk Analisa Tegangan Heavy Duty Truck Chassis Menggunakan Metode Elemen Hingga
Authors: Kurdi Ojo
Published: October 2019

Analisa tegangan pada chassis truk sangat diperlukan untuk proses perancangan dan optimasi chassis truk. Makalah ini berisi kajian tentang penentuan jenis beban statis yang tepat, yang akan dipergunakan untuk analisa tegangan chassis truk dengan beban total 36 ton. Simulasi pembebanan chassis truk dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara, diantaranya berupa: tekanan seragam, gaya gravitasi dan gaya tunggal terkonsentrasi untuk 6 dan 4 titik kontak. Tujuan makalah ini adalah untuk mendapatkan jenis pembebanan yang cocok dan sesuai dengan kondisi nyata di lapangan untuk proses simulasi Analisa tegangan chassis truk. Metode yang dipakai yaitu dengan mensimulasikan setiap jenis pembebanan dengan berbagai variasi meshing dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak metode elemen hingga. Jenis pembenan yang terbaik ditentukan jika didapat hasil yang konvergen untuk berbagai ukuran mesh serta memiliki nilai tegangan yang hampir sama dengan tegangan untuk jenis pembebanan yang lain. Berdasrkan hasil simulasi dan analisa perbandingan harga tegangan yang dihasilkan untuk berbagai variasi pembebanan, didapat jenis pembebanan yang paling cocok adalah gaya tunggal terdistribusi dengan 6 titik kontak.
Influencing of Spatial Memory in Rats by DSP-4 and Mescaline
Authors: Koupilová Marie , Herink Josef , Krs Otakar
Published: October 2019

Behavioural effects of two experimental neurotoxins, mescaline and DSP-4 (N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine), on retention of spatial orientation were studied in the T - maze. The stereotaxic administration of both neurotoxins into the selected brain structures was chosen to reveal this effect. The intensity and time course of the neurotoxic effect were dependent on the brain area administered. Nevertheless, the lengthening of the latencies in reaching the goal was generally more marked after mescaline in comparison with DSP-4.
All-trans retinoic acid regulated prohibitin by retinoic acid receptor Î± in hypoxia-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury
Authors: Zhou Tianbiao , Li Hong-Yan , Zhong Hongzhen , Zhong Zhiqing
Published: October 2019

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is a critical component in cell processes such as cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis, and it is also crucial in the regulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Prohibitin (PHB) can regulate cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation. The current study investigated whether ATRA regulated PHB is induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEC), using gene interference treatments (knockdown or overexpression of RARÎ±). Our results indicate that ATRA can augment the expression of RARÎ± and PHB proteins and reduce the expression of TGF-Î²1, FN and Col-IV proteins. PHB expression was reduced in an ATRA treated RARÎ±- group, and TGF-Î²1, FN and Col-IV were up-regulated compared to the ATRA treated RARÎ±+ group. We postulate that ATRA can induce the PHB expression by RARÎ± in hypoxia/reperfusion related RTEC injury.
MIRU-VNTR 15 loci capability in diagnosis of Beijing M. Tuberculosis strains in comparison with Real Time PCR
Authors: BabaiiKochaksareii Maya , Kaboosi Hami , Ghaemi Ezzat Allah
Published: October 2019

Beijing strain has great importance among Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) genotypes due to their drug resistance and pathogenicity. Determination of MTB genotypes and comparison of MIRU-VNTR 15 loci and real-time PCR methods for Beijing family identification was the main objective in this study. This study was conducted on 92 confirmed MTB isolates, 31 and 61 of which previously were determined by real- time PCR as Beijing and non-Beijing, respectively. Allelic diversity, clustering rate, phylogenetic tree, clonal complexes and molecular genotypes of isolates were determined by MIRU-VNTR 15 loci on its online software. In addition MIRU-VNTR 15 loci were performed for 16 non-tuberculosis isolates. Concordance between MIRU-VNTR 15 loci and real Time PCR in determination of Beijing genotype was 95.6(89.2-98.8). 74 different pattern of MIRU-VNTR were detected in 92 MTB isolates. 69 patterns were unique and 5 clusters were determined. Largest clusters contain 11 and 6 members. The clustering rate was 19.56%. Among 15 loci, Mtub04 and MIRU10 have the highest and MIRU04 had the lowest discriminatory power. In non-Beijing isolates, New1 and Delhi/CAS with 25% and 16.3% were the most prevalent MTB genotypes. None of the non-Tuberculosis isolates had the complete MIRU-VNTR 15 loci pattern. The results of this study showed that MIRU-VNTR 15 loci, in addition to being able to differentiate MTB genotypes, can distinguish non-tuberculosis species from MTB strains, but for the exact differentiation of Beijing MTB genotypes, it may be necessary to increase the patterns known in MIRU-VNTR data base.