bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiplexing: An Efficient Way of Genetic Monitoring of Laboratory Mice using Microsatellite Markers
Authors: Naseem Azmat , Ahire Shashi , Ingle Arvind
Published: March 2022

Background: Inbred strains of laboratory mice have been widely used in biomedical research. An inbred strain is the one which has been maintained by sibling mating for twenty or more consecutive generations. Except for the sex difference, an inbred strain is homozygous at all loci. Most of the traits are consistent, do not vary in offspring and respond to experimental procedures uniformly. This enables researchers to produce reliable data for therapeutic purposes, hence inbred strain must be genetically pure over the generation. Methods: A total of 20 mice samples from 10 inbred strains i.e., A/J, BALB/c, C3H/J, CD1, C57BL/6, DBA/2, FVB/NJ, ICRC, Swiss Webster and Swiss/Ba were screened for their genetic purity with the help microsatellite markers. Tail DNA was isolated using Proteinase/K-Phenol-chloroform extraction method and quantified by Nanodrop. DNA obtained was used for microsatellite marker analysis by standardizing multiplex-PCR. Seven multiplex (duplex) panels were successfully established by optimizing various reaction conditions to analyse any deviation in the genetic profile. Result: Upon comparing genetic profiles obtained in multiplex PCR with the information available on Mouse Genome Informatics database, it was concluded that most of the inbred mice are genetically consistent as they showed zero divergence in observed base pair size mainly due to stringent breeding protocol and optimum living conditions. The work done also signifies a cost-effective, time saving, high throughput and robust method of genetic monitoring of laboratory mice strains.
An Approach to Implement Vedic Mathematics to Agricultural System: A Review
Authors: Sharma Prerna
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we show the importance of Vedic mathematics to derive the optimal solution in agriculture e.g. for soil management and crop production, sowing of seeds etc. Since the primary requirement of any being is food i.e. anna, a man started to think about its production, because without production-consumption is impossible. Agriculture is the base of Indian agronomy or rural economy and the proper management of land is most essential for the same. We also study a systematic investigation on the Vedic agricultural system to prove is as the base of modern agronomy. Vedic Mathematics is an ancient system of calculation which was discovered from the Vedas between 1911 and 1918 by Sri Bharati Krishna Tirthaji Maharaj (1884-1960). Vedic Mathematics is a collection of techniques and formulas to solve mathematical arithmetic in easy and faster way; it offers a new and entirely different approach to the study of Vedic Mathematics based on pattern recognition. Mathematics is practical science as it helps us with the daily life. Arithmetic computations cannot be obtained faster by any other known method rather than Vedic mathematics, so this is the best way of understanding mathematics to agriculture students.
Crop Diversification of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) based Cropping System for High Resource Use Efficiency
Authors: Sravanthi S. , Rekha M. Sree , Venkateswarlu B. , Rao Ch. Sujani , Jayalalitha K.
Published: March 2022

Background: Cotton production is labour intensive in almost all the developing countries where it is picked by hand. However, due to acute labour shortage in recent times, mechanized harvesting is gaining momentum. Mechanized harvesting requires the application of defoliants, which reduces the cost of labour used for picking cotton and maximum cotton can be picked in a single pick (one picking) and providing timely sowing of next crop. So, farmers can get benefit of two crops instead of one single long duration cotton crop. Researchers have conducted various studies on defoliation in cotton using different chemicals and different defoliation methods. However, in India their usage could not be exploited much due to their limited availability. Methods: A field experiment entitled “Studies on defoliants in high density planting cotton-greengram sequence” was conducted during 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 on clay soils at Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla. Crop diversification of cotton with pulses (Greengram) is an alternative cropping system for monocropping of cotton to get higher returns and high land use efficiency. Result: Total cotton equivalent yield was highest with dropp ultra @ 250 ml ha-1 (D1) which was on par with Etherel @ 3000 ppm (D3) in 2018 and in pooled data. 80% boll opening recorded maximum total cotton equivalent yield, which was on par with node above cracked boll. Land use efficiency and production use efficiency were highest in late sown (80% boll opening) plots. The highest net returns and returns per rupee investment were noticed with application of defoliant dropp ultra @ 250 ml ha-1 (D1) and at 80% boll opening.
Duygu Düzenlemeye Güncel Bir Bakış: Bağlamsal Faktörler
Authors: BİNTAŞ-ZÖRER Pelin , YORULMAZ Orçun
Published: March 2022

Duygu düzenleme psikolojik sağlık alanında sıklıkla çalışılan, tanılar üstü bir kavram olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. İlgili alanyazındaki görgül çalışmalar bu konuyla ilgili önemli bilgiler ortaya koymakla birlikte, son yıllarda duygu düzenlemenin çoğunlukla bazı sınırlılıkları olan belirli araçlarla çalışıldığı ancak aslında duygu düzenlemenin tekdüze bir kavram olmadığı; her ne kadar bugüne kadar ihmal edilse de ortaya çıktığı bağlamın düzenleme üzerinde belirleyici bir rolü olduğu vurgulanmaya başlamıştır. Bu bağlamda, duygu düzenleme dendiğinde artık duygu ile ilişkili durum/olay, düzenlenen duygu, kişilerarası koşullar, duygu düzenleme stratejilerinin spontane şekilde ortaya çıkış biçimi, farklı düzenleme yöntemlerinin bir arada kullanılabilmesi, sergilenen stratejilerin etkinliği ve düzenlemeye özgü zaman aralığı gibi pek çok farklı bağlamsal faktörden söz edilmektedir. Bu makalede de ilk olarak ulusal ve uluslararası alanyazında sıkça söz edilen duygu düzenlemeyi tanımlamak, ardından güncel araştırma bulgularını derleyip bir dizi bağlamsal faktörü ele alarak geleneksel yaklaşımların bu noktalardaki sınırlılıklarını sorgulamak ve son olarak bu konulardaki güncel yaklaşımlardan hareketle bazı öneriler sunmak hedeflenmiştir.
Analisis Profitabilitas Bank Syariah Swasta di Indonesia sebelum dan Sesudah Covid -19 (Dengan Menggunakan Metode Horizontal)
Authors: Khoiriyah Ummi
Published: March 2022

Abstrak:

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis profitabilitas bank syariah swasta di Indonesia sebelum dan sesudah Covid-19 (Dengan menggunakan metode Horizontal). Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif. Data kuantitatif yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berupa perhitungan total aset laba bersih dan total modal pada perbankan BCA Syariah, bank Victoria Syariah, bank Maybank Syariah, dan bank CIMB Niaga Syariah. Sumber data diperoleh dari laporan keuangan bank BCA Syariah, bank Victoria Syariah, bank Maybank Syariah, dan bank CIMB Niaga Syariah yang terdapat di website resmi Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) tahun 2018, 2020, dan 2021 berupa data laporan total aset, total modal dan laba bersih. Menggunakan perhitungan rasio profitabilitas ROA dan ROE untuk dapat menganalisis dengan analisis horizontal, membandingkan dari tahun 2018 hingga 2021, yang mana tahun dasar yang digunakan ialah tahun 2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa rasio profitabilitas bank BCA Syariah dan bank Maybank Syariah mengalami penurunan profitabiitas sedangkan pada bank Victoria Syariah dan bank CIMB Niaga Syariah mengalami peningkatan profitabilitas di masa pandemi covid-19.
Social and Communication Mechanisms of Adaptation of the Population to the Crisis Conditions of the Pandemic in the all-Russian, Regional and Sectoral Context
Authors: Chumikov Alexander
Published: March 2022

The modern era is analyzed as an era of crises. In the XX and XXI centuries, the crises intensified and became permanent. Crisis conditions are understood, on the one hand, emergency situations, and on the other – relationships within the framework of social conflict. Both occur during the coronavirus pandemic. The authorities, commercial structures, public organizations strive to develop and implement mechanisms for adapting the population to the crisis, which have both an economic and non-monetary nature. The article discusses social and communication campaigns that complement the measures to directly combat the pandemic and are aimed at optimizing crisis moods.
An overview of current research is given, examples of communication actions of state organizations at the federal and regional levels, commercial structures in various industries are given; the need to counteract fake information and conspiracy versions of the pandemic is justified.
Internal Control as a Factor in Reducing Tax Risks
Authors: Baranova Larisa , Fedorova Valentina
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To consider the possibility of creating a subsystem of internal tax control aimed at providing accounting (financial) reporting reliability as well as at observance of legislation requirements, regulating conduct of an accounting. Methods: The theoretical basis of the study was an analytical review of scientific publications of professionals specialized in tax risk matters as well as it was federal laws and regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation in the field of taxation. We can underline from the considered models the major components of internal control system (ICS): risk assessment, control means, control environment, information and communication, monitoring. Results: It’s pointed that the most important element of internal control system is, namely, the process of risk clarifying and analysis as an effective mean of business protection and, incidentally, the need in author’s development of tax risk matrices on the example of value added tax and corporate income tax as an integral part of the internal tax control subsystem model. Practical importance: The possibility for creating an effective subsystem of internal tax control, taking into account enterprise individual features, their specifics and activity scale.
Russia’s Logistics Transport Systems under new Sanctions
Authors: Pokrovskaya Oksana
Published: March 2022

Objective: To present an analytical review of the state and transformation of Russia logistic transport systems in the conditions of new sanctions of West countries as of March 2022, including analysis of modern conditions of their functioning. Methods: Method of analytic review of world market state, transport logistics and on its background — specificities of Russian logistic transport system development. Results: Analysis of impacting risks, factors and trends of logistic transport systems has allowed to establish development key vectors of domestic logistic transport systems in the conditions of West sanctions as well as to formulate functional specificities of Russia transport logistic system and Russia positions in the world in the near future. Practical importance: Market analytical review for transport-logistic service in the conditions of geopolitical situation change has been made. It’s been established that deglobalization has become a new reality for transport-logistic systems. Measures for a prior action plan to provide for Russian economy development in the conditions of external sanction pressure ‘re characterized. Typology of variants for reaction of market key players on “logistic storm” factors is given. Upon research total, potential oblique of logistic transport system as of March 2022 is formulated.
Modern Management Methods for Privy Railcars
Authors: Sergeeva Tatyana
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To study modern approaches for management of privy railcar park. At the moment, the lack of cars on loading stations is observed while their common surplus. This can be overcome by agreed supply of empty cars at set time interval. For to satisfy clients’ needs in complex service it’s proposed to apply new informational products and services. The application of ERP-systems (Enterprise Resource Planning) will allow to rise the efficiency of interaction between operator companies and JCS RZD. Methods: Application of method of digital solutions while car flow management, design of digital systems of transportation process management. Results: In the investigation, the methodology is proposed of optimal distribution of car park by loading stations on railway network JSC RZD. Practical importance: Deficit and surplus elimination for car park in operator company management, reduction of exploitational burden on JSC RZD infrastructure. Effective usage of new informational products will allow to use effectively the privy rolling stock.
REVISION RESULTS FOR THE MAIN OUTCROPS OF THE KOSHAGACHSKAYA FORMATION (UPPER OLIGOCENE – LOWER – MIDDLE MIOCENE) IN THE SAMAKHA-DZHAZATOR DEPRESSION IN THE SOUTH-EAST OF GORNY ALTAI
Authors:   Gorno-Altaiskaya expedition of Siberian Production Geological Association, Rusanov G. G. , Kuzmina O. B. ,   A.A.Trofimuk Insitute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Mikharevich M. V. ,   Siberian Research Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineral Resources
Published: March 2022

The revision results for the main outcrops are given, as also new sections of the Koshagachskaya Formation and sediments overlying it are studied in the southeastern part of Gorny Altay. On the ground of a comprehensive study, including lithological, mineralogical, geochemical, palynological and paleocarpological analyses of sediments, the upper part of the Koshagachskaya Formation of the Early – Middle Miocene was identified in the valley of the Dzhazator River lower reaches and in the Samakha basin, where the upper part of the Kalimkungey section was excluded from the formation structure.
STUDY OF POSSIBLE MANIFESTATION OF THE SOUTH ANYUY SUTURE IN THE SEISMIC WAVE FIELD AT THE BASE OF THE TASTAKH TROUGH IN THE NORTHEASTERN YAKUTIA
Authors:   Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Obolkin A. P. , Sintnikov V. S. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Sleptsova M. I. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Sevostyanova R. F. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Siberian Branch of the RAS
Published: March 2022

The material analysis of the СDP seismic survey works in the Tastakh trough of the northeastern Yakutia carried out in 1989–1993 was conducted, reinterpretation of data was made. At the trough base, a rift–type seismofacial complex characterizing the proposed western segment of the South Anyuy suture was distinguished.
Prevalence and Severity of Scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei) on Rabbits in Kuala Lumpur City
Authors: Kumar Veena Vasheene Vijaya , Effendi Mustofa Helmi , Lastuti Nunuk Dyah Retno , Triakoso Nusdianto , Fiorenza Maudika Pamela
Published: March 2022

This study intends to know the prevalence and crusting severity of scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei) on Rabbits in Kuala Lumpur Rabbit Farm. Sarcoptes scabiei is a mite that has a predilection in the stratum corneum of the skin and caused scabies. Clinical symptoms were characterized by alopecia and crusting in the skin. This study presents a laboratory explorative research with a cross-sectional approach. Samples used rabbits in the farm that showed the clinical symptoms of scabies and the result of scraping skin in a native examination at the laboratory. Rabbits that positive scabies then performed scoring by the severity based on the region of the body and clinical symptoms. Results showed that from 140 rabbits in the population, the positive result is 13 rabbits were infected by scabies and there were 2 grades of crusting severity of scabies consisting of mild and moderate grade with separated 2 regions of the body. The low grade showed the alopecia and crusting in the face region while the medium grade in the face and foot region. The conclusion of this study is the number of prevalence scabies is 9.29% and crusting severity that low grade is 69.32% and medium grade is 30.78%.
Des forêts en libre évolution : une vision qui cherche encore sa place dans les politiques publiques, et un dossier scientifique encore lacunaire mais déjà intéressant
Authors: Barthod Christian , Dupouey Jean-Luc , Larrère Raphaël , Sarrazin François
Published: March 2022

Ce numéro de la Revue forestière française, faute de connaissances scientifiques partout bien établies, n’aborde que marginalement certaines questions : il en est ainsi en particulier des contributions respectives des forêts gérées et des forêts en libre évolution comportant bois sénescents et bois mort, dans le stockage du carbone, et de la résilience présumée plus forte des forêts en libre évolution. En dépit de ces lacunes, ce numéro permet d’éclairer d’une part les enjeux d’une politique européenne de préservation des « primary and old-growth forests » et d’autre part de l’ensauvagement des campagnes du fait de la déprise agricole et forestière. Il montre enfin à quel point le débat technique et scientifique examiné est articulé à des points de vue culturels et éthiques concernant le rapport au sauvage, les relations entre l’humanité et la nature, et les vertus du lâcher-prise. Il illustre le bouillonnement actuel de réflexions et d’initiatives, avec leurs forces et leurs lacunes, ainsi que les défis à relever.
Le groupe de travail de l’UICN-France « Wilderness et nature férale »
Authors: Barthod Christian , Lefebvre Thierry
Published: March 2022

La création en 2012, par l’UICN-France, d’un groupe de travail « Wilderness et nature férale », sous l’égide de la commission des ires protégées, est une réponse différée à l’adoption par le Parlement européen d’une résolution sur la « wilderness », en 2009. L’originalité de la démarche française était de s’intéresser simultanément à la nature férale, au sein d’une approche qui insistait sur la notion de trajectoire, plus que d’état actuellement constaté. Ce groupe de travail a attiré des personnes venant d’horizons très divers, avec des réflexions en cours à des niveaux de maturation variées, souvent enracinées dans des initiatives de terrain ne réunissant pas tous les standards promus au niveau européen. L’objectif était de dépasser le seul horizon culturel des « sachants » motivés par ces questions, et de « banaliser » les questions, réflexions et projets, en donnant envie à d’autres décideurs et acteurs d’investir le sujet.
Forêts en libre évolution : la liberté au risque de la responsabilité
Authors: Billet Philippe
Published: March 2022

Le caractère volontairement non entretenu d’une forêt en libre évolution peut renchérir le risque de mise en jeu de la responsabilité de son propriétaire ou de son gestionnaire, qu’il soit public ou privé, du fait des accidents qui pourraient survenir aux personnes qui la fréquentent. Le maire, autorité de police, peut également engager la responsabilité de la commune en cas de carence ou d’inadaptation des mesures adoptées. Les restrictions d’accès, balisages et autres informations peuvent certainement prévenir les accidents, comme la prudence et le bon sens. Toutefois, la jurisprudence, judiciaire comme administrative, opte le plus souvent pour un partage de responsabilités entre la victime et le propriétaire/gestionnaire/autorité de police, en fonction de la nature des fautes respectives et de leur participation au dommage.
Libre évolution des forêts, de quelle évolution parle-t-on ?
Authors: Sarrazin François , Lecomte Jane , Frascaria-Lacoste Nathalie
Published: March 2022

Les réflexions et débats à propos de la libre évolution sensu largo sont trop rarement replacés dans le cadre de l’évolution darwinienne. Après en avoir rappelé les mécanismes fondamentaux, le propos est ici d’appuyer sur la nécessité de prendre en compte dans la gestion forestière l’ensemble des processus éco-évolutifs qui résultent des interactions entre les humains et les autres vivants. En effet, si les pressions anthropiques fortes, directes ou indirectes, opérées sur les habitats forestiers et leurs espèces peuvent avoir assurément des impacts écologiques et socioéconomiques, elles représentent aussi un potentiel fort de pressions de sélection et d’effets directs et indirects sur l’évolution en cours au sein des forêts. Une réflexion éthique est alors nécessaire pour mettre en lumière la transition majeure que constitue la libre évolution des forêts si elle vise le respect des trajectoires évolutives des vivants. La libre évolution des forêts dans un contexte darwinien est ainsi interrogée sur la base de l’éthique dite évocentrée. Cette éthique vise à réduire au maximum les pressions anthropiques et favoriser la liberté des trajectoires évolutives. Elle implique de ne pas se retreindre aux approches instrumentales et de court terme pour dépasser une gestion forestière sur de seuls enjeux anthropocentrés.
Pathogen Spillover to an Invasive Tick Species: First Detection of Bourbon Virus in Haemaphysalis longicornis in the United States
Authors: Eastwood Gillian , Trimble Rebecca , Cumbie Alexandra
Published: March 2022

Haemaphysalis longicornis (Neumann, 1901) (Acari: Ixodidae), the Asian longhorned tick, is an invasive tick species present in the USA since at least 2017 and has been detected in one-third of Virginia counties. While this species is associated with the transmission of multiple pathogens in its native geographical range of eastern Asia, little is known about its ability to acquire and transmit pathogens in the USA, specifically those that are transmissible to humans, although from an animal health perspective it has already been shown to vector Theileria orientalis Ikeda strains. Emerging tick-borne viruses such as Bourbon virus (genus: Thogotovirus) are of concern as these newly discovered pathogenic agents have caused fatal clinical cases, and little is known about their distribution or enzootic maintenance. This study examined H. longicornis collected within Virginia (from ten counties) for Bourbon and Heartland virus using PCR methods. All ticks tested negative for Heartland virus via qRT-PCR. Bourbon virus-positive samples were confirmed on two different gene targets, and with Sanger sequencing of the PB2 (segment 1) gene. Bourbon virus RNA was detected in one nymphal stage H. longicornis from Patrick County, one nymph from Staunton City, one larval pool and one adult female tick from Wythe County, Virginia. An additional 100 Amblyomma americanum (Linnaeus 1758; lone star tick) collected at the same Patrick County site revealed one positive nymphal pool, suggesting that Bourbon virus may have spilled over from the native vector, potentially by co-feeding on a shared Bourbon virus-infected vertebrate host. Blood tested from local harvested deer revealed a 12.0% antibody seroprevalence against Bourbon virus, exposure which further corroborates that this tick-borne virus is circulating in the Southwest Virginia region. Through these results it can be concluded that H. longicornis can carry Bourbon virus and that pathogen spillover may occur from native to invasive tick species.
Comparative study between sliding mode control and the vector control of a brushless doubly fed reluctance generator based on wind energy conversion systems
Authors: Oualah O. , Kerdoun D. , Boumassata A.
Published: March 2022

Introduction. Nowadays, global investment in renewable energy sources has been growing intensely. In particular, we mention here that wind source of energy has grown recently. Purpose. Comparative study between sliding mode control and vector control of a brushless doubly fed reluctance generator based on wind energy conversion systems. Methods. This paper deals with conceptual analysis and comparative study of two control techniques of a promising low-cost brushless doubly-fed reluctance generator for variable-speed wind turbine considering maximum power point tracking. This machine's growing interest because of the partially rated power electronics and the high reliability of the brushless design while offering performance competitive to its famous spring counterpart, the doubly-fed induction generator. We are particularly interested in comparing two kinds of control methods. We indicate here the direct vector control based on Proportional-Integral controller and sliding mode controller. Results. Simulation results show the optimized performances of the vector control strategy based on a sliding mode controller. We observe high performances in terms of response time and reference tracking without overshoots through the response characteristics. The decoupling, the stability, and the convergence towards the equilibrium are assured.
Analisis Perubahan Land Surface Temperature Akibat Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan di Kota Pekanbaru Riau Tahun 2000 dan 2020
Authors: Hilmy Abyan , Susandi Ayi , Damanik Bella Melania , Widdyusuf Leo , Ridwana Riki , Himayah Shafira
Published: March 2022

Kebakaran hutan dan lahan merupakan salah satu permasalahan serius yang sampai saat ini masih belum dapat penanganan yang baik. Pulau Sumatera merupakan salah satu pulau dengan kejadian bencana kebakaran hutan yang sering terjadi, salah satunya di Provinsi Riau. Kebakaran hutan yang terjadi di Provinsi Riau menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan lingkungan. Kondisi ini juga berdampak pada peningkatan suhu permukaan di wilayah perkotaan Kota Pekanbaru. Kenaikan suhu permukaan akan menyebabkan peningkatan suhu udara yang dapat berdampak pada tidak nyamannya aktivitas di Kota Pekanbaru. Penggunaan teknik Penginderaan Jauh dapat digunakan untuk memantau (monitoring) pada daerah yang luas. Melalui pemanfaatan data penginderaan jauh yang ada, maka dapat diketahui perubahan suhu yang terjadi pada suatu wilayah. Beberapa contoh data penginderaan jauh yang dapat digunakan untuk mengestimasi suhu permukaan tanah  (Land Surface Temperature) adalah citra satelit Landsat 7 dan Landsat 8.  Pengolahan data citra dilakukan menggunakan software ArcGIS. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menghasilkan sebaran temperatur permukaan di Kota Pekanbaru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, suhu permukaan tanah Kota Pekanbaru tahun 2000 – 2020 meningkat pada beberapa titik, seperti pada bagian barat laut kota ini. Namun pada wilayah lain tidak terdapat perubahan yang cukup signifikan.

Abstract : Forest and land fires are one of the serious problems that have yet to be handled properly. Sumatra Island is one of the islands with frequent forest fire disasters, one of which is in Riau Province. Forest fires that occurred in Riau Province caused environmental changes. This condition also has an impact on increasing surface temperature in the urban area of ​​Pekanbaru City. The increase in surface temperature will cause an increase in air temperature which can have an impact on uncomfortable activities in Pekanbaru City. The use of remote sensing techniques can be used to monitor (monitoring) in a large area. Through the use of existing remote sensing data, it can be seen the temperature changes that occur in an area. Some examples of remote sensing data that can be used to estimate the land surface temperature are Landsat 7 and Landsat 8 satellite imagery. Image data processing is performed using ArcGIS software. This research was conducted to produce the distribution of surface temperature in Pekanbaru City. The results showed that the land surface temperature of Pekanbaru City from 2000 to 2020 increased at several points, such as in the northwestern part of the city. However, in other areas there are no significant changes.
Pengembangan Daya Tarik Wisata Pantai Eretan Jumharto Indramayu
Authors: Fitriyah  , Dadang Suganda , Awaludin Nugraha
Published: March 2022

Pengembangan pariwisata di suatu daerah harus lebih diperhatikan karena pengembangan pariwisata akan menetukan bagi masa depan pariwisata itu sendiri dan bagi kesejahteraan masyarakat sekitar. Pantai Eretan Jumharto merupakan salah satu destinasi yang terletak di Kabupaten Indramayu, Jawa Barat, masih membutuhkan perhatian khusus dan perlunya sebuah strategi untuk pengembangan wisata. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang dan ancaman dari destinasi wisata Pantai Eretan Jumharto, kemudian dari hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan, akan dirumuskan strategi untuk pengembangan destinasi wisata Pantai Eretan Jumharto. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, data akan dianalisis secara deskriptif kemudian untuk menentukan strategi pengembangan destinasi wisata Pantai Eretan Jumharto dilakukan dengan analisis SWOT (Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities,  Threats). Data akan dikumpulkan melalui studi literatur, observasi serta dengan melakukan wawancara. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah strategi untuk pengembangan destinasi wisata Pantai Eretan Jumharto agar dapat berkembang lebih baik dan dapat bersaing dengan objek wisata lainnya.
Penetapan Upah dan Struktur Skala Upah dalam Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja
Authors: Korida Nabilla Umroh Yuliatul , Muhsin M.
Published: March 2022

This study aims to find out how changes in wage policy in the Job Creation Act No. 11 of 2020 is seen from the perspective Ibn Khaldun's theory of wages. There are three discussions, namely: 1) How provisions for determining the minimum wage in the Job Creation Act No. 11 of 2020, 2) What are the provisions on the structure and scale of wages in the Law Job Creation Law No. 11 of 2020, 3) How are the components and determination wages in the Job Creation Law No. 11 of 2020. Types of research used is library research, then the data is obtained from documentation which is then drawn to conclution objectively and systematically in a context, do the research results have similarities or the difference between the rule of law and Ibn Khaldun's theory. Could concluded that, 1) Determination of the minimum wage in the Job Creation Act different from Ibn Khaldun's wage theory, namely the Job Creation Law based on economic and labor conditions and take into account the value of KHL, while Ibn Khaldun is based on the ability / skill or workload that is owned by workers. 2) Determination of the structure and scale of wages in the Copyright Law Work according to Ibn Khaldun's theory of wages, namely the ability/skill of the workers become one of the factors in determining wages. 3) While in wage determination there are similarities between Ibn Khaldun and the job creation law because it is based on demand and supply or production results.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perubahan kebijakan pengupahan dalam  UU No 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja dilihat dari perspektif teori upah Ibn Khaldun. Terdapat tiga pembahasan, yaitu: 1) Bagaimana ketentuan penetapan upah minimum dalam Undang-Undang No 11 tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja, 2) Bagaimana ketentuan struktur dan skala upah dalam Undang-Undang No 11 tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja, 3) Bagaimana komponen dan penetapan upah dalam Undang-Undang No 11 tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pustaka, maka data diperoleh dari dokumentasi yang kemudian ditarik kesimpulan secara objektif dan sistematis dalam suatu konteks, apakah hasil penelitian memiliki persamaan atau perbedaan antara peraturan undang-undang dengan teori Ibn Khaldun. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa, 1) Penetapan upah minimum dalam UU Cipta Kerja berbeda dengan teori upah Ibn Khaldun yaitu UU Cipta Kerja berdasar pada kondisi ekonomi dan ketenagakerjaan serta memperhitungkan nilai KHL, sedangkan Ibn Khaldun mendasar pada kemampuan/skill atau beban kerja yang dimiliki para pekerja. 2) Penetapan struktur dan skala upah dalam UU Cipta Kerja sesuai dengan teori upah Ibn Khaldun yaitu kemampuan/skill para pekerja menjadi salah satu faktor dalam penetapan upah.3) Sedangkan dalam penetapan upah ada persamaan antara Ibn Khaldun dengan UU Cipta kerja karena didasarkan pada permintaan dan penawaran atau hasil produksi.
Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the use of online video consultation of general practitioners in Germany – a secondary data analysis of German Health Insurance Data
Authors: Petrick Nathalie , Kreuzenbeck Cordula Charlotte Josefine
Published: March 2022

Background:In order to manage the Covid-19 pandemic in Germany in March 2020, the government implemented non-pharmaceutical interventions including school closures, case-based measures, social distancing, and a ban of all public events. Given the circumstances, professional societies and associations in the healthcare sector recommended the use of video consultations.The objective of this analysis was to generate statistically relevant insights into the use of video consultations before and during the Covid-19 pandemic.Methods:This study is based on the analysis of a comprehensive claims data set comprising anonymized data of 5.6 million beneficiaries of a large German health insurance fund. The dataset encompassed healthcare claims from 1 January 2019 to 30 June 2020 covering 29,464,913 patient contacts. The claims were divided into video consultations and face-to-face consultations. This paper presents descriptive statistics and analyses associations between variables. Results:In 8,077 out of all contacts, a video consultation had taken place. This translates into 2.75 of 10,000 contacts. There was no significant difference in the utilization of video consultations by gender. However, the age differed significantly (Chi-square=2219,11 > Critical Value= 19,68) between the contacts with or without use of video consultation. There is an increase from 0.0000525% to 0.0002529% in the first Quarter and 0.0000461% to 0.0014307% in the second Quarter which is not significant. Conclusions:Apparent higher usage of telemedicine in the age group 50 to 64 years and the very low usage in the following groups of 65-74 year old patients shows that the use of video consultation is age sensitive and should be subject to goal oriented implementation of telemedical offers. Although there are many claims, that the video consultation has risen dramatically through the Covid-19 pandemic. There is no such evidence in this large dataset, because the increase is on a small level relatively to the patient contacts and not significant. Qualitative research to determine the factors for patients and general practitioners that lead to or hinder the use of video consultation should help in addressing the slow digitalization in the outpatient sector in Germany.
Phosphorus extractability in relation to soil properties in different fields of fruit orchards in Pakistan
Authors: Bibi Sumera , Irshad Muhammad , ullah Farid , Mahmood Qaisar , Shahzad Muhammad , Hussain Zahid , Mohiuddin Muhammad , Ping An
Published: March 2022

Productivity of an orchard generally depends upon the fertility of soil and requirements of nutrient for fruit trees. Phosphorus (P) availability from soils influences the P sorption, release patterns and P bioavailability. A study was carried out to ascertain the P extractability via seven extraction methods in relation to soil properties in three fruit orchards. Ten soil samples were collected from each fruit orchard namely citrus (Citrus sinensis L.), loquat (Eriobotrya japonica L.) and guava (Psidium guajava L.) located in Haripur district of Pakistan. Available P in the soil was extracted using deionized H2O, CaCl2, Mehlich 1, Bray 1, Olsen, HCl and DTPA methods. Selected soil properties (pH, EC, soil organic matter (SOM), texture, cation exchange capacity (CEC), macro- and micro-nutrients were also determined. Soils sampled from orchards indicated large differences in soil properties. Orchards trees have sequestered more amount of C stock than soil without an orchard. The extractability of P from soils and efficiency of extraction methods were profoundly affected in soils. The average amount of extractable P was relatively higher in those soils where the total amount of P was also higher. These methods extracted different pools of soil P with varying P concentrations regulated by soil properties. Phosphorus amounts extracted were varied in the order of HCl > DTPA > Mehlich 1 > Bray 1 > Olsen > CaCl2 > water. Among orchards, higher P level was found in soils of loquat followed by citrus and guava orchards. The extractable P was highly associated with the soil properties, like SOM, soil texture and CEC. Most of the extraction methods were positively correlated with each other. This study indicated that SOM inputs and turnover associated with orchard trees exhibited substantial extractable P in soils. Predicting available P in relation to its bioavailability using diversified methods in contrasting soils is required.
Application of World Health Organization’s Five Moments for Medication Safety Tool: An Intervention Towards Medication Without Harm among Patients in Long-Term Care Units
Authors: Aly Rasha Ibrahem EL-Sayed , Elsayed Boshra Karem Mohamed
Published: March 2022

Background
The Five Moments for Medication Safety tool are critical times when a patient's or caregiver's actions can significantly lower the risk of damage linked with their medication(s).
Aim
The aim of this study was two-fold: (a) to investigate the effectiveness of nurses’ application of the World healthcare organization' Five moments for medication safety tool on patients in long-term care units, and (b) to determine the relationship between nurses and patients’ outcomes before and after the application of World healthcare organization' Five moments for medication safety tool.
Method
an intervention research design was conducted/ A quasi-experimental research study with two groups (nurses and patients), pre-test post-test design was conducted, A sample included all nurses who were working in Long-Term Care Units at Alexandria' New Medical Center, Egypt (N = 55) and a proportional sample of 35 patients at Long-Term Care Units. The World Health Organization's Five Moments for Medication Safety tools were used to measure study variables.
Results
there were significant differences between patients' and nurses’ outcomes regarding their application of the World Health Organization's five moments for medication safety tool at the two evaluative times of intervention (pre and post) where (P = < 0.001*). there was a positive significant correlation between nurses’ and patients’ outcomes in the overall responses especially the Second Stage (Taking medication), and Fourth Stage (Reviewing medication) where (p = < 0.001*). the intervention had a large effect on the overall patients’ outcome, with an effect size (of 0.873).
Conclusion
Patients can play a vital role in preventing medication errors when they have been educated about their medications and encouraged to ask questions and seek satisfactory answers. Also, nurses have an important role in medication management by informing, supporting, representing, and involving all relevant parties. Therefore, they should be reinforced by continuous education and training to take up this role.
A review of the scientific contributions enabled by wilderness fire management
Authors: Kreider Mark R , Jaffe Melissa R , Berkey Julia K , Parks Sean A , Larson Andrew J
Published: March 2022

Background
Wilderness areas are important natural laboratories for scientists and managers working to understand fire ecology. In the last half-century, shifts in agency culture and policy have encouraged the management practice of letting some naturally ignited fires burn, allowing fire to fulfill its ecological role and increasing the extent of fire-related research opportunities. With the goal to identify the global scientific advances enabled by this paradigm shift in wilderness fire management, we conducted a systematic review of studies in which 1) protected areas were selected for investigation because of an active fire regime enabled by wilderness fire management, or 2) applied research was conducted to support wilderness fire management.
Results
Our systematic review returned a sample of 222 papers that met these criteria, with an increase in wilderness fire science over time. Studies largely occurred in the United States of America and were concentrated in a relatively small number of protected areas, particularly in the Northern Rocky Mountains. As a result, this sample of wilderness fire science is highly skewed toward areas of temperate mixed conifer forests and historical mixed severity fire regimes. Common principal subjects of papers included fire effects (44%), wilderness fire management (18%), or fire regimes (17%), and studies tended to focus on vegetation, disturbance, or wilderness management as response variables.
Conclusions
This work identifies major scientific contributions facilitated by active fire management, including concepts such as self-limitation of fire, forest dynamics in active fire regimes, and the effect of fire on wilderness recreation. Our work also identifies areas—both geographic and conceptual—where more research attention is needed and highlights under-represented wilderness areas that could serve to fill these knowledge gaps.
Single-cell sequencing reveals the landscape of the tumor microenvironment in malignant fibrous histiocytoma
Authors: Yuan Liu-Liu , Chen Zhong , Qin Jian , Qin Cheng-Jiao , Bian Jing , Dong Rui-Fang , Yuan Tang-Bo , Xu Yi-Ting , Kong Lingyi , Xia Yuan-Zheng
Published: March 2022

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is an invasive pleomorphic soft tissue sarcoma with a high degree of malignancy and poor prognoses, and is prone to recurrence and metastasis. The pathophysiology remains elusive and its therapeutic options are limited. The 5-year recurrence rate of patients is 36–61%. Progress in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) provides an opportunity to dissect the pathophysiology of human diseases at unprecedented resolution, particularly in the diseases lacking animal models, such as MFH. We performed scRNA-seq on tumor tissues and adjacent muscle tissues from a patient with MFH. We identified Cell types and the corresponding marker genes by single-cell RNA sequencing. Malignant cells of fibroblasts were evaluated by CopyKAT analysis and differentially expressed genes of sequencing. We identified PDCD1, CTLA4 and TIGIT as potential targets. We further showed that C2_Exhausted CD4 + Treg and C1_Exhausted CD8 + T cell highly expressed PDCD1, CTLA4 and TIGIT. Intervention via PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor (tirelizumab) enabled disease control and reduced tumor immunosuppression. Thus, scRNA-seq analyses guide a successful therapeutic intervention in the MFH patient, improve our understanding of complex human diseases and provide an alternative approach to personalized medicine.
Driving Spin Texture in High-Temperature Cuprate Superconductors via Local Structural Fluctuations
Authors: Currier Kayla , Lin Chiu-Yun , Gotlieb Kenneth , Mori Ryo , Eisaki Hiroshi , Greven Martin , Fedorov Alexei , Hussain Zahid , Lanzara Alessandra
Published: March 2022

Spin-orbit coupling emerging out of a material's global inversion symmetry breaking has been long known to act as a pair breaking mechanism to the superconducting order parameter. However, when spin-orbit coupling emerges from local inversion symmetry breaking, an unexpected coexistence with superconductivity might occur. Although lattice driven local symmetry breaking is intrinsic to a variety of unconventional superconductors, little is known about its close connection to spin-orbit coupling, and how the combination of the two can impact electronic properties and the microscopic classification of the order parameter. By using high-resolution spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy we reveal the presence of a universal momentum-dependent spin texture throughout the hole-doped side of the cuprate phase diagram for the Bi-based family, which becomes negligible on the electron-doped side. We attribute this spin asymmetry to local inversion symmetry breaking induced by local distortions of the CuO octahedra, revealing an interplay between spin-orbit coupling and lattice symmetry. The implication of this connection in steering the ground state properties of cuprate superconductors is discussed, together with the intriguing possibility that it might provide the long missing link to explain the complexity and asymmetry of the cuprate phase diagram.
Fast Versus Slow Infusion of 20% Albumin: A Randomized Controlled Cross-over Trial in Volunteers
Authors: Hahn Robert , Zdolsek Markus , Sjöberg Folke
Published: March 2022

BackgroundWe studied whether plasma volume expansion of 20% albumin is greater when the fluid is administered rapidly compared with a slow infusion.MethodsIn this open-labelled interventional controlled trial, 12 volunteers (mean age, 28 years) received 3 mL/kg of 20% albumin (approximately 225 mL) over 30 min (fast) and 120 min (slow) in a cross-over fashion. Blood and urine were collected at 15 occasions during a period of 6 h. Mass balance and volume kinetics were used to study the plasma volume expansion and the capillary leakage of albumin and fluid based on measurements of hemoglobin and plasma albumin.ResultsThe largest plasma volume expansion was 16.1% ± 6.5% (mean ± SD) during fast infusion and 12.8% ± 4.0% for slow infusion (p = 0.52).The median intravascular half-life of albumin was 8.0 h for fast infusion and 6.3 h for slow infusion (p< 0.03) whereas the half-life of the plasma volume expansion did not differ significantly (4.6 versus 5.4 h, p= 0.50).The urinary excretion was almost three times larger than the infused volume. The plasma concentration of atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP) increased by 25% in both groups, and the absolute MR-proANP concentration was found to accelerateboth the capillary leakage of albumin and the urine flow. Conclusions: The intravascular persistence of albumin was longer, but the fluid kinetics was the same when 20% albumin was infused over 30 min compared with 120 min. We found no disadvantages of administering the albumin at the higher rate. Trial registration:EU Clinical Trials Register, EudraCT2017-003687-12, registered September 22, 2017, https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2017-003687-12/SE
Evolutionary safety of death by mutagenesis
Authors: Lobinska Gabriela , Pilpel Yitzhak , Nowak Martin
Published: March 2022

Nucleoside analogs are a major class of antiviral drugs. Some act by increasing the viral mutation rate causing “death by mutagenesis” of the virus. Their mutagenic capacity, however, may lead to an evolutionary safety concern. We define evolutionary safety as a probabilistic assurance that the treatment will not generate an increased number of epidemiologically concerning mutated virus progeny. We develop a mathematical framework to estimate the total mutant load produced with and without mutagenic treatment. We predict rates of appearance of virus mutants as a function of the timing of treatment and the immune competence of patients, employing various assumptions about the vulnerability of the viral genome and its potential to generate undesired phenotypes. We focus on the case study of Molnupiravir, which is an FDA-approved treatment against COVID-19. We estimate that Molnupiravir is narrowly evolutionarily safe, subject to the current estimate of parameters. Evolutionary safety can be improved by restricting treatment to individuals with a low clearance rate and by designing treatments that lead to a greater increase in mutation rate. We report a simple rule to determine the fold-increase in mutation rate required to obtain evolutionary safety which is also applicable to other pathogen-treatment combinations.