bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fundamental Concepts in Graph Attention Networks
Authors: Soujanya R. , Sharma Ravi Mohan , Maheshwari Manish Manish , Shrivastava Divya Prakash
Published: May 2023

Graph attention networks, also known as GATs, are a specific kind of neural network design that can function on input that is arranged as a graph. These networks make use of masked self-attentional layers in order to compensate for the shortcomings that were present in prior approaches that were based on graph convolutions. The main advantage of GAT is its ability to model the dependencies between nodes in a graph, while also allowing for different weights to be assigned to different edges in the graph. GAT is able to capture both local and global information in a graph. Local information refers to the information surrounding each node, while global information refers to the information about the entire graph. This is achieved through the use of attention mechanisms, which allow the network to selectively focus on certain nodes and edges while ignoring others. It also has scalability, interpretability, flexibility characteristics. This chapter discusses the fundamental concepts in graph attention networks.
Study and Analysis of Visual Saliency Applications Using Graph Neural Networks
Authors: Dhara Gayathri , Kumar Ravi Kant
Published: May 2023

GNNs (graph neural networks) are deep learning algorithms that operate on graphs. A graph's unique ability to capture structural relationships among data gives insight into more information rather than by analyzing data in isolation. GNNs have numerous applications in different areas, including computer vision. In this chapter, the authors want to investigate the application of graph neural networks (GNNs) to common computer vision problems, specifically on visual saliency, salient object detection, and co-saliency. A thorough overview of numerous visual saliency problems that have been resolved using graph neural networks are studied in this chapter. The different research approaches that used GNN to find saliency and co-saliency between objects are also analyzed.
Toxic Leadership and Conflict Resolution in Organizations
Authors: Yordanova Silvena Dencheva
Published: May 2023

Leaders are always considered as an example to follow by inspiring and motivating staff to follow them. However, there are other leaders whose behavior and style can be hazardous for the organization and its staff. This chapter draws attention to the toxic leaders and their variations in style by presenting different forms of toxic leaders as well as cases for each of them. Furthermore, an action plan to be taken in case of toxic leadership is also presented. The chapter also addresses the stages that organizational conflict might have and presents a classification of possible organizational conflicts as well as their reasons.
Enabling Educators to Foster Creativity and Perceived Employability
Authors: Nimmi P. M. , Krishna Arathi , Donald William E.
Published: May 2023

Drawing on a framework of conservation of resources theory, this chapter aims to enable educators in the management and organizational studies domain to foster the relationship between serious leisure and perceived employability among marketing management students. The sample was 228 marketing management graduates from four business schools in India who completed an online questionnaire between December 2020 and February 2021. The findings indicate that serious leisure is positively associated with perceived employability and that the relationship is mediated by creativity. Gender moderates the mediating effect of creativity on the relationship between serious leisure and perceived employability such that the indirect effect of serious leisure on perceived employability is stronger for men than women. Practical implications enable educators and career counsellors to improve the perceived employability of their students, leading to benefits at the individual, university, and organizational levels.
Contributions of Motivation Theories to the Design and Implementation of Employee Reward Policies
Authors: Amor Ariadna Monje
Published: May 2023

Human capital is one of the most critical resources of any organization. An organization's success is heavily determined by personal motivation, which is important for the fruitful performance of job-related activities. As a result, organizations strive to keep their employees motivated to increase productivity and interest in the company's goals. An organization can establish various plans to retain employees by creating a work environment with which employees are satisfied. This chapter examines the contribution that employee motivation theories can make in the design and implementation of an employee reward policy and shows the connection between reward, motivation, and performance. The focus will be on some of the most relevant motivation theories: Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the two-factor theory, the equity theory, and the expectancy theory. Several recommendations for managers and policymakers are proposed.
Metaverse-Based Higher Education
Authors: Gupta Monika , Garg Arshya , Garg Anu
Published: May 2023

The advent of technology backed by digitalization is bringing innovative and new ways in imparting higher education. The high speed of the internet readily available in the higher education institutions is further supporting such activities. Especially post-COVID-19, parents who used to keep an eye on children towards usage of smartphones began to provide such devices themselves to children for educational purposes. The AI-supported technology facilitated the process by creating artificial environment to understand the real-world. It provides a shield to adversities of the real situations. With the further advancement in the emerging field of metaverse, learners can view themselves as one of the participants on screen in the form of an avatar. Since the students are not aware of the challenges and limitations of such emerging areas, the responsibility of educationists is on the rise. The researchers have tried to review the scope of higher education resting on metaverse as one of the major aspects in the near future.
Enhancing Customer Engagement Through Brand Loyalty Drivers Among E-Consumers
Authors: Singla Babita , Shalender Kumar , SHARMA SANDHIR
Published: May 2023

Due to its convenience and time-saving features, as well as the fact that companies provide significant discounts on products compared to brick-and-mortar stores, online shopping has grown highly popular among customers. The purpose of this chapter is to synthesise prior research on brand loyalty among online consumers in order to create an abstract framework for this area. This chapter tries to illustrate why it's crucial to cultivate brand loyalty in online shoppers so they may use e-commerce as a key tool for managing business resources. In order to better understand brand loyalty among e-consumers, this study synthesises existing research on the topic. It also identifies research goals for brand loyalty among e-consumers. The comprehension of brand loyalty among e-consumers is expanded by an abstract framework of the factors that influence this group.
Hiring Talent to Build Brands in the Digital World
Authors: Kamboj Bhavya
Published: May 2023

Today, the field of human resource management (HR) is experiencing numerous pressures for change. Shifts in the economy, globalization, digitalization, and technology have created new demands for organizations, and propelled the field in some completely new directions. However, the authors believe that these challenges also create numerous opportunities for HR and organizations as a whole. Thus, the primary purposes of this chapter are to examine some of the challenges that human resouces managers are facing in hiring new talent to build the brand in the digital world.
Diving Into the Consumer's Mind
Authors: Bansal Rohit , Pruthi Nishita , Bansal Tamanna , Chaudhary Anjali
Published: May 2023

In the new global economy, neuromarketing has emerged as a key marketing concern. It is an integrative field that incorporates elements of marketing, psychology, and neuroscience. This novel idea offers fresh perspectives and potent methods for doing marketing research, particularly on customer behaviour. Neuromarketing offers the chance to comprehend the neural level functions in customers' brains that provides insightful knowledge about the customers' cognitive decision-making system that is not normally captured by conventional management analytical techniques. This chapter aims at exploring the tools, roles, and ethical concerns of neuromarketing. Secondary sources of data like books, research papers, theses, newspaper articles, magazines, and reports etc. are utilized in this chapter. This study is relevant not only for academia but also for marketers practicing neuromarketing for identifying consumer behaviour.
Neuromarketing Science
Authors: Dangwal Aarti , Bathla Devesh , Kukreti Mohit , Mehta Mankaj , Chauhan Prashant , Sarangal Ruhi
Published: May 2023

Neuromarketing is ruling the industry making all other traditional ways obsolete as the future of marketing is getting more demanding. As a matter of fact, neuro marketing is providing more accurate results of exactly what is demanded by the customer. It's a combination of both physiological and subconscious science of customer which turns the ads closer to meet customer demands. Undoubtedly, marketing has a crucial role in entrepreneurship or starting a new venture, so the marketing researchers specifically are applying neuro marketing techniques to support the hub of startups, which not only helps in cost cutting but to make an optimum utilization of scarce resources. This chapter enlightens the hidden truths revealed through neuroscience marketing and how this brain scanning is utilized as a powerful selling point and decision maker.
Impact of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality on Customer Purchase Behavior in the Virtual World
Authors: Gagandeep  , Verma Jyoti
Published: May 2023

Metaverse is opening new avenues of opportunities for product manufacturers, as well as service providers, and with this focus in mind, the present research proposes the scope and challenges that the application of Neuromarketing in virtual worlds faces across different disciplines and business segments. The immense growth potential that is currently untapped in the metaverse domain can be taken to a different level altogether with the help of neuromarketing applications. This study will analyze the impact of augmented and virtual reality on customer purchase behavior in the virtual world. The stress has been provided to understand customer purchase behavior through a framework model of consumer behavior in augmented shopping reality. The study also discusses the various challenges for customer purchase behavior in the virtual world along with the future direction for research to fill the knowledge gaps in the area under study.
Human(oid)
Authors: Rodrigues Paula , Sousa Ana , Borges Ana Pinto , Brochado Ana , Barbosa Isabel
Published: May 2023

Traditional influencer marketing occurs when people have a profile on social media with a number of followers that distinguishes them from other ‘common' users. Virtual influencers, however, have made quite an impact on social media platforms as they are CGI (computer-generated images) characters whose profiles resemble the ones produced and posted by human influencers. This research aims to explore which factors contribute to stronger emotions and feelings towards a humanoid virtual influencer and a doll virtual influencer. To achieve this purpose, the authors implemented a mixed methods approach, based on the literature review theories and concepts, as well as an implicit association test (IAT). This chapter introduces and contributes to the knowledge of virtual influencers on the implicit attitudes and behaviors of consumers of generation Z. Additionally, the authors also point out some gaps, directions for future research, and implications on these topics.
Avatar-Based Influencer Marketing
Authors: Bansal Rohit , Pruthi Nishita
Published: May 2023

In the digital era, the presence of consumers on social media platforms is increasing at a higher pace than ever before. It pushes marketers to employ new ways to endorse their products on these social networking platforms. One such digital marketing trend is the use of avatar-based influencer marketing. Virtual influencers are computer-generated influencers who have a large social media following particularly on picture-based platforms such as Instagram. Avatar marketing has gained popularity as a brand endorsement strategy. Despite the increase in popularity, there are very few studies that study the effectiveness of avatar-based influencer marketing. This chapter aims at demystifying the benefits and risks of employing virtual influencers as a marketing gimmick. Data were collected from various secondary sources, such as journals, books, theses, reports and websites using different databases like Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar etc. Findings revealed that avatar marketing, if utilized strategically, has great potential to optimize digital marketing strategy.
Merging Big Data With the Metaverse
Authors: Ghazouani Mohamed , Chafiq Nadia , Zaher Najwa , Azouazi Mohamed , Chakir Aziza
Published: May 2023

A shared virtual universe called a metaverse is produced when various virtual worlds and augmented reality settings collide. The enormous amounts of data, processing power, and connectivity needed for a fully realized metaverse may be too much for traditional computer systems and networking technologies to handle. In order to enable the metaverse's expansion and evolution into a wholly immersive and linked reality, there is an increasing need to create new technologies, protocols, and architectures. The authors in this chapter suggest a brand-new design with a number of layers, starting with the data collecting layer and ending with the data governance layer. This chapter makes an effort to suggest a novel architecture that is made up of numerous layers, from the layer of data collecting to the layer of data governance. Although the idea has been around for a while, current technological developments have made it easier than ever to build a real metaverse.
A jurisdição da história segundo Marc Bloch
Authors: Guimarães Yamashita Jougi
Published: May 2023

O objetivo do artigo é o de discutir, a partir da comparação feita por Marc Bloch (1886-1940) entre o historiador e o juiz de instrução (e do cotejo desta com debates recentes), questões relativas ao papel social do historiador e sua ética profissional. Seus escritos acadêmicos e pessoais foram a base privilegiada de análise. O argumento central é o de que os diferentes contextos postos aqui em debate demandam posicionamentos distintos ao problema da relação entre historiografia e subjetividade. Ainda assim, nos dois momentos analisados nota-se uma aparente equivalência entre engajamento político e a ação profissional do historiador.
Families' views on physical education: A descriptive study
Authors: Lopez Díaz Jose Maria , Carnicero Pérez José David , Felgueras Custodio Nerea
Published: May 2023

It is clear that physical education is considered a compulsory subject and as such should be la-belled as an important subject, but this perspective is not always shared by the educational community. The aim of this study was to explore the perception of families with children enrolled in compulsory education about the subject of physical education. To this end, an ad hoc questionnaire was administered, consisting of 15 questions, two of which were socio-demographic in nature and the rest of which were Likert-type responses. The study is a non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional study. The study sample consisted of a total of 120 respondents (M=40.28 years; SD= 6.95). Participants were selected through non-probability purposive sampling. The results showed a lack of knowledge regarding the subject of physical education which implies that there are diverse opinions about the functioning and the proposed aim of this subject. However, physical education should be seen as an essential subject for the integral development of the student.
Nutritional status and factors associated with undernutrition among tuberculosis patients in Sri Lanka
Authors: Rajapakshe O. , Nadeeka N. H. S. , Liyanage P.
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Apart from COVID-19, tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death among infectious diseases globally and in Sri Lanka. It is known that the high-risk groups for developing TB are from lower socio-economic groups. Further, there is a close link between TB and nutrition.
Objectives: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of undernutrition among TB patients in Sri Lanka
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using secondary data of a 2020 cohort of TB patients.
Results: Out of 4566, the majority were males (65.2%). According to age groups, 55–64-year age group reported the highest proportion of patients (n=1018; 22.3%). According to the classification of body mass index (BMI), 46.3% were underweight. In bivariate analysis, gender (p=0.07), presence of comorbidities (p<0.001), site of TB (p<0.001), use of alcohol (p=0.01), site of TB (p<0.001), treatment category (p<0.001), smoking (p<0.001), alcohol use (p=0.04) and illicit drug use (p<0.001) were associated with patients being underweight. In multivariate analysis, only presence of comorbidities (p<0.001), site of TB (p<0.001), treatment category (p<0.001), smoking (p=0.04) and illicit drug use (p=0.02) were associated with patients being underweight.
Conclusions & Recommendations: Creating awareness among clinicians and public health staff is important for them to be vigilant about TB patients with above associated factors. Proper nutritional counselling must be carried out for TB patients. Further, in implementing available nutritional interventions and patient awareness programmes, patients with lower BMI should be given priority although all TB patients are considered in need of nutritious diet.
Perceived barriers to healthy eating among overweight and obese women: a qualitative study
Authors: Herath D. , Kasturirathne A.
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Being overweight/obese is a global epidemic and one of the leading causes of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Knowing the barriers to a healthy lifestyle in target populations is necessary to further reduce the burden of overweight/obesity, which can ultimately reduce the mortality and morbidity following non-communicable diseases (NCDs).
Objectives: To describe the perceived barriers to healthy eating among 35-44 aged overweight/obese women.
Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in Panadura Medical Officer of Health (MOH) Area in the district of Kalutara, Sri Lanka. The data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted among 18 overweight/obese women. Content analysis of the qualitative data was conducted manually. Coding was decided following a discussion with two independent experts in the field of public health. Using the inductive approach to data analysis ensured that the interpretations and codes of the study were generated from the actual data.
Results: The study identified three main themes which included personal, social, cultural, and environmental barriers as key factors for perceived healthy eating. Under the personal factors, inadequate knowledge, time limitation, lack of motivation, and inadequate cooking skills were identified as subthemes. Social and cultural barriers included two subthemes: immediate family influence and social norms, while environmental barriers included two subthemes: lack of access to healthy options and high cost of healthy options.
Conclusions & Recommendations: Study findings provide important insights into challenges and perceived barriers to healthy eating, which highlight the need for further research based on barrier profiles to design and develop more attractive and realistic community prevention programs for healthy eating.
How Australia prevents male suicides; lessons learnt and implications to Sri Lanka
Authors: Denuwara B. H. , Reavley N. J.
Published: May 2023

No abstract available
Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Sinhala version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for patients diagnosed with ischemic heart disease (IHD) in Sri Lanka
Authors: Gamage C. K. W. , De Zoysa P. , Balasuriya A. , Fernando N. , Jayamanne D.
Published: May 2023

Introduction: The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a frequently used instrument to measure depression and anxiety symptoms among patients diagnosed with ischaemic heart disease (IHD). However, a Sinhala version of HADS for Sri Lankan IHD patients has not been validated in Sri Lanka.
Objectives: To translate, cross-culturally adapt and validate the HADS in a Sinhala-speaking Sri Lankan population with IHD
Methods: The Sinhala translation of HADS was conducted in four phases: forward translation, backward translation, patient testing and proofreading with the Mapi Research Trust guidelines. Content and consensual validation of the translated scale was conducted with the Delphi method, and the ratings were evaluated for consensus. The validated scale was administered to a sample selected using systematic sampling of 140 IHD patients attending medical clinics at a base hospital in Sri Lanka. Factor structure was verified with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and reliability with internal consistency by Cronbach's alpha.
Results: The HADS Sinhala version showed good content and consensual validity. CFA proved that the uncorrelated two-factor structure was compatible with the original instrument (x2=156.98; df=76; p<0.001). The Confirmatory Fit Index (CFI) was 0.89, and the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) was 0.09. The reliability analysis indicated Cronbach's alpha for depression and anxiety as 0.86 and 0.83, respectively.
Conclusions & Recommendations: The cross-culturally adapted HADS Sinhala version shows similar psychometric properties as the original instrument and can be used in future studies with confidence.
Luciano Giuliani (1928-1994): Great master and founding father of modern italian urology
Authors: Martini Mariano , Martorana Giuseppe
Published: May 2023

Luciano Giuliani was born near Arezzo, in Tuscany (Italy) in 1928. After taking his Degree cum Laude in Medicine and Surgery at the University of Florence in 1951, he became a voluntary assistant at the Institute of General Clinical Surgery and Surgical Therapy. He then took a diploma in Urology and General Surgery, having demonstrated his great technical and surgical ability, and was subsequently appointed assistant in charge and then extraordinary assistant. Endowed with uncommon surgical skills and a forceful personality, Giuliani tirelessly carried out his clinical and surgical activity, covering several roles and rapidly earning profound esteem and recognition in the field of urology. As a pupil of the great luminary of Italian surgery, Ulrico Bracci, Dr Giuliani keenly followed his master, embracing his teachings and surgical techniques, until 1969, when he was appointed to run the 2nd Urology Division at San Martino Hospital in Genoa. He subsequently took up the chair of Urology at the University of Genoa and became Director of the Specialty School in Urology. Within a few years, he earned a solid reputation both nationally and internationally through his innovative surgical techniques. He also gave considerable impetus to the Genoese School of Urology, reaching the highest echelons of the Italian and European Societies of Urology. At the beginning of the 1990s, he designed and founded a new urology clinic in Genoa; this imposing, avant-garde building was subdivided into four floors and equipped with 80 beds. In July 1994, he won the prestigious “Willy Grégoir Medal”, an accolade awarded to eminent personalities in European urology. In August of the same year, he died in the Institute that he himself had created at San Martino Hospital in Genoa.
Resolving trapdoor-phenomenon without secondary procedure after forehead flap on medial canthal region
Authors: Dharmawan Nugrohoaji , Frieda Frieda , Julianto Indah
Published: May 2023

Herein, we present a case of Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) in a 59-year-old woman. It presented with painless itchy, black, gradually enlarged patches which were easily bled under her left eye since three years ago. Dermatological examination of the left medial canthus region obtained hyperpigmented plaques (2x0.8x0.1cm) with uneven skin texture, irregular borders, and erosion on the center of the lesion. We performed forehead flap technique surgery followed by eight-month monitoring, resulting in a satisfying outcome in both function and appearance. The thinning technique and adjusting the flap size from the forehead area to the medial canthus should be as thin as possible to avoid differences in skin thickness and post-reconstruction hypertrophic scars. A bulging appears on the surgical site a month after the procedure, known as Trap Door Phenomenon. But, on the 8th month of follow-up, the trap drop phenomenon disappeared.
Ustekinumab in the treatment of acute disseminated pyoderma gangrenosum in a patient with Crohn’s disease
Authors: Miklusiak Klaudia , Miklusiak Karol , Kaczmarczyk Olga , Cibor Dorota , Zwolińska-Wcisło Małgorzata
Published: May 2023

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an auto-inflammatory dermatosis characterized by lesions that often cause ulcers. We present a case of successful ustekinumab treatment for acute general PG in a 31-year-old woman with coexisting Crohn's disease (CD). For a month, the patient suffered from skin ulcers, two of them deep and necrotic; a histopathological examination revealed PG. Treatment included: methylprednisolone, azathioprine, betamethasone, gentamicin and zincic ointments, antiseptic compresses and adalimumab therapy. Due to resistance to the implemented treatment, the patient was enrolled in a clinical trial that included the administration of a novel anti-cytokines drug - ustekinumab. Subsequently, a significant reduction was observed in the severity of symptoms of PG and CD, with no relapse. The use of ustekinumab in patients with PG who have an inadequate response to current treatment or cannot receive first-line treatment can be considered. This applies especially to patients with accompanying autoimmune diseases such as CD.
Conjoint tobacco and alcohol use and depression among HIV-positive patients in Sedibeng, South Africa
Authors: Akahilem Kenneth E. , Omole Olufemi B.
Published: May 2023

Background: Psychosocial challenges among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients may promote substance use disorders. This study explored the relationship between conjoint tobacco and alcohol use and depression symptoms among HIV positive patients in Sedibeng District, South Africa.Methods: In a cross-sectional study of 404 participants, a questionnaire collected information on sociodemography, tobacco and alcohol use and depression symptoms. Outcome measures included the prevalence of conjoint tobacco and alcohol use and its association with positive screen for depression.Results: The mean participant age was 43.2 years. Most completed secondary school (62.9%), were black (99.0%), female (65.8%), unemployed (53.6%) and on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for 1 year (97.8%). Current tobacco use was reported by 23.3% (n = 94) participants with most smoking cigarette (73.7%) and having low nicotine dependence (75.5%). Current alcohol use was reported by 43.6% (n = 176) participants, and 36.9% were categorised as harmful users. Only 7.7% (n = 31) participants screened positive for depression; the prevalence of conjoint tobacco and alcohol use was 19.6% (n = 79) and this was not associated with depression (p = 0.438). Harmful alcohol users were more than five times likely to report conjoint tobacco and alcohol use (p = 0.000), but women were less likely to report it (p = 0.000).Conclusion: Conjoint tobacco and alcohol use is common among patients with HIV infection. Although not associated with positive screen for depression, its relationship with harmful alcohol use reiterates the need for an integrated tobacco and alcohol use screening and treatment strategy in the HIV treatment programme in primary care.Contribution: To the authors best knowledge, this study is the first published study that explored the relationship between conjoint tobacco and alcohol use, and depression among HIV-positive patients in the South African primary care settings.
Experience of the new seizure diary in the Free State and Northern Cape
Authors: Egenasi Chika K. , Moodley Anandan A. , Steinberg Wilhelm J. , Joubert Gina
Published: May 2023

Background: Epilepsy is a neurological disease affecting adults and children globally. A seizure diary is one of the self-management tools for tracking seizures. This study aims to ascertain the experience of a new seizure diary by persons completing the diary in the Free State and Northern Cape of South Africa.Methods: Adult patients with epilepsy attending Universitas Academic Hospital epilepsy clinic in Bloemfontein, clinics in Kimberley and the casualty department of Kimberley hospital (Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe hospital) received a new seizure diary. After using the diary for 6 months, participants (patients, relatives or caregivers) completed a questionnaire.Results: A total of 139 epilepsy patients received a new seizure diary; 67 previously diary-unexposed participants and 33 participants who had previous exposure to a seizure diary. The majority of participants, namely 91% of previously diary-unexposed and 84.9% of participants who had previous exposure to the seizure diary, understood the new seizure diary. Participants who had previous exposure to a seizure diary were predominantly very positive about the new diary because it had more information. However, 21.2% indicated that they preferred the old one because it was easier to complete.Conclusion: Patients, caregivers or relatives from both groups used the new seizure diary and provided important information about their experience with the new diary. Despite a few complaints about using the new diary, most participants who had previous exposure to a seizure diary preferred the new seizure diary.Contribution: This study explored participants’ opinions of the new seizure diary.
Emotional intelligence as a key driver of the formation of professional scepticism in auditors
Authors: Cilliers Sonja
Published: May 2023

Purpose: Litigation against auditors has augmented as the number of corporate failures increased over the past decades. A failure to exercise professional scepticism has been cited as one of the main contributing factors to audit failure. This research establishes a link between professional scepticism and emotional intelligence (EI). Credence is given to the design of interventions promoting the development of auditor EI with the view of combating the incidence of audit failure.Design/methodology/approach: A sample of United States (US) judicial opinions was examined where professional scepticism of auditors was considered. A dual coding system was applied where process elements of professional scepticism and components of emotional intelligence were identified and linked.Findings/results: A significant overlap between elements of professional scepticism and facets of emotional intelligence was indicated, especially those of self-assessment, conscientiousness, organisational awareness, communication skills, leadership and managing influence.Practical implications: Emotional intelligence competencies become part of the resources available to the auditor, which may be used to exercise their professional scepticism. Interventions designed to enhance auditor emotional intelligence may positively impact the levels of professional scepticism demonstrated, ultimately aiding in lowering the incidence of audit failure.Originality/value: This research offers a new process perspective of professional scepticism which has been adapted from the works of seminal authors in the field. Using the data sample, the incidences of overlap between emotional intelligence and the process steps of professional scepticism are identified and categorised within this framework. This research contributes to the body of empirical research on emotional intelligence in the auditing field.
Student teachers’ reflections on semiotics in Grade 3 isiXhosa literacy lessons
Authors: Magangxa Pretty N. , Geduld Deidre C.
Published: May 2023

Background: Globally, teaching practice has been at the heart of teacher education programmes. For quality teaching and learning, literacy student teachers are expected to develop metacognitive attributes and critical thinking to integrate theory and practice. Because of the dominance of autonomous models in literacy teaching and learning nationally and internationally, literature continues to report poor literacy attainment, especially for indigenous language learners. Contrasting this deficit view, this article employed languaging as a lens to describe student teachers’ reflections on their interactions with Grade 3 learners using multimodal and linguistic repertoires, which they both bring from socio-cultural contexts as well as utilisation of embodied representational modes.Aim: To explore how Foundation Phase (FP) student teachers used languaging and semiotic modes to enhance literacy teaching and learning in Grade 3 classrooms.Setting: An Eastern Cape Institution of Higher Education.Methods: In this qualitative study, four purposely selected FP isiXhosa Home Language student teachers used reflective journals to articulate their individual and peer classroom literacy practices. Data were thematically analysed.Results: Findings revealed the importance of acknowledging authentic and diverse linguistic resources that learners bring from their socio-cultural backgrounds as well as the use of multimodal literacies in the classroom context.Conclusion: This study concludes that languaging allowed learners and student teachers to exploit multimodalities and linguistic repertoires that they bring from their socio-cultural backgrounds.Contribution: This study demonstrates the pedagogical literacy strategies that created live dialogical engagements between student teachers and learners. These can be useful to teacher educators as well as teachers in the Foundation Phase contexts and thus improve literacy teaching and learning, especially in indigenous languages.
Cada uno en su sitio, en el adosado de "España va bien" aproximación a los aspectos ideológicos de la serie de TV "Médico de familia"
Authors: Giner Casado Rodolfo
Published: May 2023

En la serie Familia Kft, de gran éxito esta temporada en la televisión húngara, se ha incluido a un nuevo personaje, por iniciativa del Ministerio de Defensa. Se trata de un militar cuyo papel es, con ayuda de los diálogos previstos a tal fin en el guión, alabar los méritos de la adhesión de Hungría a la OTAN. Este caso puede parecer una anécdota, pero ilustra perfectamente cómo la ficción televisiva, por las grandes audiencias que alcanza, es utilizada de forma más o menos explícita para generar en los espectadores consenso en torno a postulados deseables para quienes controlan los medios audiovisuales.

En el caso español, donde las televisiones privadas están plenamente asentadas desde principios de la década y son las que cuentan con una mayor y más exitosa oferta de ficción, la presencia de campañas gubernamentales es menos evidente. Sin embargo, se impone la lógica del mercado y son los anunciantes y patrocinadores de los programas quienes insuflan en la ficción su visión de una sociedad en la que los ciudadanos se convierten en consumidores.

El informe español presentado recientemente en la reunión anual del observatorio Eurofiction señala que, durante 1996, las televisiones españolas emitieron 459 horas de ficción, de las que el 62 por ciento eran series, entre las que predominaba la comedia familiar (16 títulos, 66 por ciento de la ficción emitida) frente al drama (6 títulos, 34 por ciento de lo emitido).

Según el informe, las características comunes a todas estas series, son su vocación familiar, intergeneracional e interclasista, el tratamiento poco conflictivo de cuestiones sociales, el ambiente urbano y el hecho de que en su mayor parte giran en torno a un personaje famoso. El ejemplo más evidente de este tipo de series es Médico de familia.
Mitos e información geografía fantástica y primeras apreciaciones del continente americano
Authors: Ramírez Alvarado María del Mar
Published: May 2023

La reproducción en tierras americanas de mitos de la antigüedad y medievales relacionados con puntos geográficos de gran significado tuvo una profunda influencia en los primeros esbozos que de la realidad del continente hicieron los europeos de principios de la modernidad. Sin lugar a dudas el tratamiento de la información en las crónicas de Indias y la elaboración de las primeras imágenes del continente que circularon sobre todo a través de xilografías se encuentra vinculado al imaginario que llegó con los primeros viajeros.
Willingness to Pay for Community-based Health Insurance and its Correlates among Households in Wukro and Setit-humera Towns, northern Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gigar Goitom , Berhe Gebregergs Gebremedhin , Gebremeskel Estifanos , Abrha Atakilti , Mesfin Berihu
Published: May 2023

The study aimed to assess willingness to pay for community-based health insurance and its correlates among households in Wukro and Setit-humera towns, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia for the year 2016. A community-based survey was conducted in Wukro and Setit-humera towns of the Tigray region from August 30 to October 05, 2016. A total of 823 households were enrolled using a two-stage sampling. A structured, pre-tested, and interviewer-administered questionnaire was used.  Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Frequencies, mean, and median were calculated. Bivariate and multiple variable logistic regressions were fitted. Odds Ratio with 95% CI was used to see the associations between selected independent variables and the outcome variable. Willingness to pay for community-based health insurance (CBHI) in the two towns was 93.4% with a 95% CI (91.6-95.0). The median amount of money that households are willingness-to-pay (WTP) was 11.1 USD. The mean amount of money an individual household is willing to pay was significantly higher in Setit-humera than in Wukro town. Participants who knew their monthly income were two times more likely to be willing to pay for CBHI [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) =2.6, 95% CI; 1.1, 8.1]; and willingness was higher among households who perceived that the cost of care is affordable in health facilities [AOR=2.6, 95% CI; 1.02, 7.1]. The study has shown a high level of willingness to pay for health insurance. Perceived affordability and knowledge of monthly income were significant factors that affect willingness to pay for community-based health insurance. Therefore, it can be operationalized in urban settings provided that the community is aware and sensitized focusing on the benefits of health insurance. Besides, the premium needs to be carefully set to consider the community’s ability to pay.
Adulteration and Substitution in Siddha Medical System: An Overview
Authors: Mansoor Nushrath Roshana , Nithiakumar Navaluxmy , K.Pavithra
Published: May 2023

Siddha Medicine is a system of Indigenous Medicine in Srilanka. Siddha Toxicology (Nanjiyeal) is very important part that is dealt with plant, animal, metal and minerals poison. According the Siddha philosophy everything found in nature has good and bad qualities (Nalvinai and Theevinai). With these ideas Adulteration and Substitution are very important part of Toxicology. Because in 20th and 21 century due to side effects of synthetic drugs, there is an increasing interest in Siddha proprietary medicines. In an International survey, herbal medicines were found to be used by approximately 70% of all over the world to maintain health. The Adulteration and Substitution of herbal drugs is the burning problem in Siddha Medicine and it has caused a major effect in the commercial use of natural products. The deforestation and extinction of many species and incorrect identification of many plants has resulted in Adulteration and Substitution of raw drugs. The future development of analysis of herbs is largely depended upon reliable methodologies for correct identification, standardization and quality assurance of Siddha drugs. Adulteration may be evaluated by Morphological or Organoleptic tests, Microscopic Evaluation, Chemical Evaluation, Physical Evaluation, Biological Evaluation and Analytical methods. This review throws light on the concepts of substitution given by our preceptors and analyses these with the present day prevailing trend of adulteration and substitution.
Smartguard: “An Intelligent Helmet for Enhanced Safety of Mining Work”
Authors: S.N. Dinesh , Pravin D  , Subesh S  , Franklin N. Micheal
Published: May 2023

The Internet of Things (IoT) has garnered significant attention due to its widespread adoption across various applications. This has led to increased focus on its design. The mining region represents a potential site where a cacophonous industrial setting could be present. The primary aim of this project is to develop and manufacture a smart helmet system that can be utilised in the mining sector. The designated system will persist in monitoring conditions that may pose a risk, such as temperature, humidity, gas levels, removal of a miner's helmet, and damage to the helmet caused by obstructions. The finalised design underwent refinement and validation through rigorous testing conducted within the confines of the Gua Tempurung cave located in Malaysia. The efficacy of the helmet system circuit under consideration was assessed and juxtaposed with prior research. The control room and helmet department were primarily designated for the programming and troubleshooting sections. The initial computation was utilised to determine the results.
Employing U-NET and Rotational Based Convolutional Neural Network to Build an Automatic Lung Cancer Segmentation and Classification System
Authors: P. Divya  , P. Yamini
Published: May 2023

The most common cancer-related cause of death globally is lung cancer. The key to effective lung cancer treatment and higher survival rates is early diagnosis. Converting a radiologist's diagnosing procedure to computer assisted results in more accurate results and an earlier diagnosis. The difficulty is that building an effective model for segmentation and classification. In this paper, we suggest a system for detecting lung cancer that makes use of a number of methods for precise and effective diagnosis. To enhance picture quality, our method pre-processes CT scan images using a Gaussian filter and contrast stretching. For the purpose of determining the borders of lung nodules with high precision, the U-Net architecture with the Adam optimizer is used. Then, a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) with EM optimisation and pixel padding is used to extract features. The rotational-based Convolutional Neural Network (RBCNN) classifier successfully categorises the nodules as benign and malignant using these form variables as inputs
Prediction of Road Accidents Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: R. Vanitha  , M. Swedha
Published: May 2023

Today, one of the top concerns for governments is road safety. There are many safety features built into cars, yet traffic accidents still happen frequently and are unavoidable. To lessen the harm caused by traffic accidents, predicting their causes has become the primary goal. In this situation, it will be beneficial to examine the frequency of accidents so that we can use this information to further aid us in developing strategies to lessen them. From this, we can deduce the connections between traffic accidents, road conditions, and the impact of environmental factors on accident occurrence. In order to construct an accident prediction model, I used machine learning techniques, including the Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Logistic Regression. The development of safety measures and accident prediction will both benefit from these classification systems. Several elements, including weather, vehicle condition, road surface condition, and light condition, can be used to predict road accidents. Three dataset files—accidents, casualties, and vehicles are loaded into this dataset. This allows us to forecast the severity of accidents.
Physicochemical and Phytochemical Evaluation of Siddha formulation Saaranai chooranam
Authors: Sivalathajini Dr.S. , Manoharan Dr.A. , Umakalyani Dr.S.
Published: May 2023

Background: Siddha system of medicine depends largely on herbal for the treatment of diseases which was practiced at village levels and now becomes an important medicine in worldwide, According to the Akasthiyar -2000-Part– III textbook, Saaranai Chooranam is a herbal drug that is indicated for Raththa kothippu (Systemic Hypertension) Saaranai is the Tamil name for Trianthema portulacastrum, which belongs to the family Aizoaceae. Aim & Objective: This study primarily aims to evaluate the Physicochemical and Phytochemical evaluation of Saaranai Chooranam, Preliminary Phytochemical analysis such as High Performed Thin Layered Chromatography and Powder Microscopy of Saaranai Chooranam. Methodology: The Physicochemical analysis of Saaranai Chooranam is carried out using standard procedures. Results: Preliminary Phytochemical screening found, the presence of phytochemicals such as Proteins, Terpenoids, Alkaloids, Carbohydrates, and Tannins. High-performance thin-layer chromatography fingerprinting revealed the presence of many phytochemicals with different Rf values and densitometric scans of the plates showed numerous bands and peaks. The Powder Microscopy reveals the presence ofTracheidal fibre, Vessel with bordered pits, Calcium oxalate crystal, Stone cell, Group of sclereids with brownish content, Paracytic stomata and surrounding subsidiary cells, Rosette Calcium oxalate crystal, Sclereid with narrow lumen, Thick walled cells, Tracheidal fibre and Trichome. Physicochemical analysis revealed the values of total ash (17.86%), acid-insoluble ash (1.34%), water-soluble ash (13.62), sulphated ash (25.72%), pH (6.05 in 4% alcohol solution), volatile oil (0.5%), foaming index (111.11%) and swelling index (4ml). Conclusion: This study is an effort to explore the different Physico and Phytochemical compounds of Saaranai Chooranam effective in the management of Raththa kothippu (Systemic hypertension).
Epileptic seizures and epilepsy in children after stroke
Authors: Kuznetsova Aleksandra A. , Shchederkina Inna O. , Sinkin Mikhail V. , Gorev Valeriy V.
Published: May 2023

Despite the low prevalence of cerebrovascular diseases in childhood, up to 60% of children realize acute symptomatic epileptic seizures and up to 30% of patients develop post-stroke epilepsy in the long-term period. The lack of a unified terminology and temporal criteria for both acute symptomatic epileptic seizures and post-stroke epilepsy complicates the analysis of the studied groups. Many studies are limited to small groups, proprietary terminology, different age medians, and inclusion criteria. Both clinical and instrumental risk factors for the development of post-stroke epilepsy in childhood have not been identified, which makes it difficult to identify risk groups and predict the outcome in the long term period. The only significant risk factor in most publications is «younger age», but its boundaries are blurred. Most studies are retrospective, which may affect the incidence and type of epileptic seizures in acute cerebrovascular accident. Electroencephalography is the most informative method for detecting subclinical changes and identifying risk groups. Continuous electroencephalography is effective primarily in the detection of non-convulsive status epilepticus. Currently, there are no unified protocols for examining stroke patients, both at the onset and in follow-up. The search for articles was carried out in the scientific platforms PubMed, Google Scholar, eLIBRARY.