bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of intravenous tranexamic acid for blood loss in total hip arthroplasty secondary to femoral neck fracture
Authors: AVCİ Özgür , ŞİŞMAN Ali
Published: June 2023

Aim: The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of intravenous (IV) administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) in terms of bleeding volume, allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT) requirement, and complications in total hip arthroplasty (THA) secondary to osteoporotic femoral neck fracture (FNF).

Material and Method: A total of 165 patients who underwent THA on the background of FNF in our clinic were included in the study. Patients' demographic data, preoperative and postoperative blood parameters, the amount of blood loss calculated according to the Nadler formula, amount of ABT, and complications at the 90-day follow-up were recorded. The patients were divided into two groups those who received 15mg/kg preoperatively and 10mg/kg IV TXA at the end of the operation (TXA group-89 patients) and those who did not receive TXA (Control group-76 patients) and the two groups were compared.

Results: The total amount of bleeding calculated according to the Nadler formula was significantly less in the TXA group (1659,68±320,86ml) compared with the Control group (1774,43±365,24ml) (p=0.033). The need for ABT was 42.86% in the TXA group and 57.14% in the control group, and this difference was statistically significant (p=0.008).

Conclusion: In patients who underwent THA on the basis of osteoporotic FNF, preoperative and postoperative administration of 2 doses of IV TXA significantly reduced total blood loss and the need for ABT. We suggest that IV TXA administration can be safely performed, especially in this patient group, to reduce the amount of bleeding and therefore the need for ABT by not increasing any thromboembolic complications.
The evaluation of anxiety and depression in spontaneous pneumothorax
Authors: HAZER Seray , GÜLHAN Selim Şakir Erkmen , KUTLAY Can , ACAR Leyla Nesrin , TÜRK İlteriş , BEYOĞLU Muhammet Ali , SAYILIR GÜVEN Ebru , BIÇAKÇIOĞLU Pınar
Published: June 2023

Aim: Psychiatric disorders are common in patients with advanced respiratory diseases. The prevalence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax ranges from 1.2-37 per 100,000 population per year, and the risk of recurrence causes anxiety and depression for the patients. 

Material and Method: The Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale was applied to 50 patients with a primary spontaneous pneumothorax that underwent treatment in our clinic and a control group of 50 individuals. The study and control group had similar participants (50 patients, 9 women and 41 men). The control group comprised otherways healthy participans aged between 18-40 who had admitted to the smoking cessation clinic.

Results: While the study group's mean age was 25.2, it was 29 in the control group (covariance analysis used for the correction). On anxiety scale, the study group's mean score was calculated as 8.6, while it was 5.7 in the control group. The difference was found to be significantly higher in the patient group. The depression scale score of the study group was 5.8, and the control group's score was 5.7. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups. 

Conclusion: Since pneumothorax is a sudden, recurring, and severe illness that can cause respiratory distress, it may lead to anxiety or depression in patients. Without treatment, life-threatening consequences such as dyspnea and cardiac collapse may occur. Furthermore, the painful procedure of tube thoracostomy increases the patients' anxiety. Our objective is to identify potential anxiety-depression in pneumothorax patients, leading to improved mental health outcomes, increased satisfaction, lower readmission rates, and reduced care costs.
Sentinel lypmh node biopsy in early breast cancer: preliminary results of the combined technique of CT lymphography and blue-dye
Authors: MESE Ismaıl , ARSLAN Arzu , GÜLER Sertaç Ata , VURAL Çiğdem , UTKAN Nihat Zafer
Published: June 2023

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of CT lymphography in sentinel lymph node biopsy for early stage breast cancer and to investigate its contribution to the conventional blue-dye method. Material and Method: A total of 47 patients with early stage breast cancer underwent preoperative CT lymphography for lymph node mapping before sentinel lymph node biopsy with blue-dye method. The lymph nodes identified by CT lymphography and/or blue-dye method were examined for metastatic involvement. The sentinel lymph node detection rates of CT lymphography and blue-dye method were compared using t-tests. Results: The sentinel lymph node detection rate with blue-dye method (87.2%) was significantly higher than with CT lymphography (66.0%) (P=0.027). However, the combined method (blue-dye method and/or CT lymphography) increased the detection rate (95.7%) (P=0.267). Benign sentinel lymph nodes were detected more often with CT lymphography (P=0.366), while metastatic sentinel lymph nodes were detected more often with blue-dye method (P=1,000). Upper outer quadrant tumors were detected less successfully with CT lymphography and more successfully with blue-dye method (P=0.220 and P=0.674, respectively). The success rate of CT lymphography in younger patients (less than 50 years old) was higher compared to older patients (P=0.001). Conclusion: CT lymphography was found to be insufficient as a standalone method for sentinel lymph node biopsy. However, it could be used as a complementary method to blue-dye method to increase the success of sentinel lymph node detection.
The effect of granulocyte transfusion on engraftment in patients with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: İTMEÇ Yeşim , ÇELİK Serhat , ÜNAL Ali
Published: June 2023

Aim: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is still one of the most effective treatments for many hematological malignancies. However, especially infections and neutropenic fever increase mortality during the engraftment development process after allo-HSCT. This study investigated the effect and safety profile of granulocyte transfusion (GT) on engraftment in patients with neutropenic fever after allo-HSCT.

Material and Method: We investigated 32 patients with hematological malignancies who had neutropenic fever following allo-HSCT between June 2018 and February 2020. Seventeen patients were given GT and defined as GT group (GTG). GT was given once daily until improvement in clinical and laboratory parameters (neutrophil >0.5 ×10³/µL, platelet >20 ×10³/µL). Fifteen patients who did not receive GT were included as a control group (CG).

Results: By comparing leukocyte levels between the start and end of GT, the median leukocyte increase was shown as 1.93 (0.37- 10.21) ×10³/µL (p=0.001). Similarly, the median neutrophil increase was 1.14 (0.25-9.24) ×10³/µL (p=0.001). A total of 65 GTs were administered, the average number of days was 4±1. The average dose of infused granulocyte was 4 ×1010/unit. In GTG, neutrophil and platelet engraftments occurred on average at 14±2 and 10±2 days, respectively. In CG, neutrophil and platelet engraftments occurred on average 15±2 and 12±3 days, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in neutrophil and platelet engraftment between the two groups (p=0.4, p=0.06, respectively).

Conclusion: GT was observed to be effective in managing complications such as neutropenic fever and sepsis after allo-HSCT by shortening the duration of neutropenia and increasing neutrophil and leukocyte values. Although statistical significance was not observed in our study, it was observed that the engraftment times were shortened with GT.
Dementia Risk Models in an Australian First Nations Population: Cross-Sectional Associations and Preparation for Follow-Up
Authors: Thompson Fintan , Russell Sarah , Quigley Rachel , Sagigi Betty , Miller Gavin , Esterman Adrian , Harriss Linton R. , Taylor Sean , McDermott Robyn , Strivens Edward
Published: June 2023

Background:

Reducing the burden of dementia in First Nations populations may be addressed through developing population specific methods to quantify future risk of dementia.

Objective:

To adapt existing dementia risk models to cross-sectional dementia prevalence data from a First Nations population in the Torres Strait region of Australia in preparation for follow-up of participants. To explore the diagnostic utility of these dementia risk models at detecting dementia.

Methods:

A literature review to identify existing externally validated dementia risk models. Adapting these models to cross-sectional data and assessing their diagnostic utility through area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) analyses and calibration using Hosmer-Lemeshow Chi2.

Results:

Seven risk models could be adapted to the study data. The Aging, Cognition and Dementia (AgeCoDe) study, the Framingham Heart Study (FHS), and the Brief Dementia Screening Indicator (BDSI) had moderate diagnostic utility in identifying dementia (i.e., AUROC >0.70) before and after points for older age were removed.

Conclusion:

Seven existing dementia risk models could be adapted to this First Nations population, and three had some cross-sectional diagnostic utility. These models were designed to predict dementia incidence, so their applicability to identify prevalent cases would be limited. The risk scores derived in this study may have prognostic utility as participants are followed up over time. In the interim, this study highlights considerations when transporting and developing dementia risk models for First Nations populations.
Episodic Memory in Amnestic Behavioral Frontotemporal Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Bussè Cinzia , Zorzi Giovanni , Pettenuzzo Ilaria , Mozzetta Stefano , Cagnin Annachiara
Published: June 2023

Behavioral frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) may present with episodic memory deficits. In 38 patients with bvFTD and 61 with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) specific measures of verbal memory (learning curves and serial position effects) were studied through the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning test. Forty-two percent of bvFTD showed deficits of delayed recall memory similar to that found in AD including the serial position effects. Amnestic bvFTD had more severe atrophy in the left mesial temporal lobe than non-amnestic bvFTD. AD-like memory deficits are not infrequent in bvFTD and may be in part related to mesial temporal lobe atrophy.
Graph embedded dynamic mode decomposition for stock price prediction
Authors: Yip Andy , Ng William , Siu Ka-Wai , Cheung Albert C. , Ng Michael K.
Published: June 2023

We present an algorithmic trading strategy based upon a graph version of the dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) model. Unlike the traditional DMD model which tries to characterize a stock’s dynamics based on all other stocks in a universe, the proposed model characterizes a stock’s dynamics based only on stocks that are deemed relevant to the stock in question. The relevance between each pair of stocks in a universe is represented as a directed graph and is updated dynamically. The incorporation of a graph model into DMD effects a model reduction that avoids overfitting of data and improves the quality of the trend predictions. We show that, in a practical setting, the precision and recall rate of the proposed model are significantly better than the traditional DMD and the benchmarks. The proposed model yields portfolios that have more stable returns in most of the universes we backtested.
FI-FPN: Feature-integration feature pyramid network for object detection
Authors: Su Qichen , Zhang Guangjian , Wu Shuang , Yin Yiming
Published: June 2023

The multi-layer feature pyramid structure, represented by FPN, is widely used in object detection. However, due to the aliasing effect brought by up-sampling, the current feature pyramid structure still has defects, such as loss of high-level feature information and weakening of low-level small object features. In this paper, we propose FI-FPN to solve these problems, which is mainly composed of a multi-receptive field fusion (MRF) module, contextual information filtering (CIF) module, and efficient semantic information fusion (ESF) module. Particularly, MRF stacks dilated convolutional layers and max-pooling layers to obtain receptive fields of different scales, reducing the information loss of high-level features; CIF introduces a channel attention mechanism, and the channel attention weights are reassigned; ESF introduces channel concatenation instead of element-wise operation for bottom-up feature fusion and alleviating aliasing effects, facilitating efficient information flow. Experiments show that under the ResNet50 backbone, our method improves the performance of Faster RCNN and RetinaNet by 3.5 and 4.6 mAP, respectively. Our method has competitive performance compared to other advanced methods.
The prognostic significance of DDIT4 in endometrial cancer
Authors: Yoshikawa Nobuhisa , Yoshida Kosuke , Liu Wenting , Matsukawa Tetsuya , Hattori Satomi , Yoshihara Masato , Tamauchi Satoshi , Ikeda Yoshiki , Yokoi Akira , Shimizu Yusuke , Niimi Kaoru , Kajiyama Hiroaki
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: Despite extensive research on endometrial cancer and tumor hypoxic microenvironment, there are no reports exploring the role of DDIT4 in endometrial cancer. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to elucidate the significance of DDIT4, as a prognostic biomarker for endometrial cancer by immunohistochemical staining and statistical analysis. METHODS: Four endometrial cancer cells were cultured under normoxia and hypoxia, and the differentially expressed genes were examined using RNA-seq. Immunohistochemical staining for DDIT4 and HIF1A was performed in 86 patients with type II endometrial cancer treated at our hospital, and their correlation with other clinicopathological factors and the prognostic role was analyzed using statistical methods. RESULTS: The expression analysis of hypoxia-inducible genes using four types of endometrial cancer cells revealed that DDIT4 was among the 28 genes that were upregulated in all cells. Based on our results of immunohistochemistry of DDIT4 expression in endometrial cancer tissues, univariate and multivariate analyses based on COX regression analysis showed that high DDIT4 expression significantly correlated to favorable prognosis in both progression-free survival and overall survival. Limited to recurrent cases, metastasis to only lymph nodes was significantly related to high DDIT4 expression, whereas metastasis to other parenchymal organs was significantly dominant in patients with low DDIT4 expression. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of DDIT4 enables to predict survival and recurrence in type II endometrial cancer.
Quantitative comparison of low-cost electrical machines with soft magnetic composite and ferrite magnet materials
Authors: Liu Chengcheng , Yang Fan , Wang Shaoheng , Zhang Wenfeng , Wang Youhua
Published: June 2023

Because of its special structure and manufacturing process, the soft magnetic composite (SMC) material has shown its advantages over silicon sheets, including magnetic and thermal isotropy, low high-frequency core loss, low material wastes during its manufacturing process, etc.. Considering the price of SMC raw material can be very cheap in the future, it is an ideal material for developing the low-cost electrical machine. Combined with SMC cores and low-cost ferrite magnets, some electrical machines with SMC and ferrite magnets for low-cost applications were developed in the past decades, which include the transverse flux flux switched permanent magnet motor (TFFSPMM), axial flux claw pole permanent magnet motor (AFCPM), axial flux vernier motor (AFVM), dual rotor axial flux permanent magnet motor (DRAFM) and axial radial flux permanent magnet motor (RAFM). To better utilize SMC material, all these machines are designed following the design guidelines of SMC machines. Though both of them with good performance for low-cost applications, it is necessary to know the main advantages of each machine. The main target of this paper is to compare these machines quantitatively. For obtaining the comparison results fairly all these machines are optimized by using the sequential robust Taguchi method. Finally, it can be seen that the AFVM and TFFSPMM are with relatively high torque ability and the DRAFM is with high efficiency and power factor ability.
Optimization design of laser-EMAT and its application in high-temperature forgings detection
Authors: Meng Lingxiao , Shi Wenze , Lu Chao , Chen Guo , Qiu Fasheng , Zhu Ying , Liu Yuan , Guo Shuanglin
Published: June 2023

In high-temperature continuous forging process, according to the real-time monitoring of workpiece thickness and flaws, the processing parameters can be adjusted accordingly, so we can remove defective components in time, which has essential research value for avoiding the interruption of production line and improving their yield and quality grade. We established a finite element (FE) model of the carbon steel’s laser-electromagnetic acoustic transducer (laser-EMAT) testing process. Based on the simulation model, we analyzed the effects of laser parameters, EMAT parameters, and sample thickness on the detected ultrasonic signal amplitude, and we also achieved the optimized Laser-EMAT design parameters. Subsequently, we developed a high-temperature resistant spiral coil EMAT and measured the high-temperature forging with a thickness of 100 mm and temperatures from 300 °C to 730 °C. Based on the experiments, we researched the effect of specimen temperature on the received ultrasonic wave amplitude. The results show that the excitation efficiency of laser-induced ultrasonic waves improves by decreasing pulse duration, decreasing laser spot radius, and increasing pulse laser energy. The receiving efficiency of the shear wave (SW) detected by the EMAT enhances when reducing the diameter of the EMAT wire and increasing the permanent magnet height. When the radius of the permanent magnet is equal to the radius of the EMAT coil, the receiving efficiency of SW is the highest. As the sample thickness increases, the size of the EMAT should increase accordingly to the acoustic beam divergence for obtaining a higher ultrasonic wave intensity. The amplitude of the SW signal received by the EMAT increases by 679% after the optimization design. With rising carbon steel forging temperature, the SW signal amplitude increases first and then decreases sharply, reaching its maximum at 617 °C, which is 29% higher than at room temperature, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the SW is 20.5 dB.
Secure authentication protocols to resist off-line attacks on authentication data table
Authors: Falmari Vinod Ramesh , M Brindha
Published: June 2023

In text-based authentication, the passwords along with user names are maintained in the Authentication Data Table (ADT). It is necessary to preserve the privacy of passwords in ADT to avoid offline attacks like brute force attacks, lookup table attacks, etc. In this paper, three password protection schemes, namely Encrypted Image Password (EIP), Dynamic Authentication Data Table (D-ADT), and Extended Encrypted Image Password (EEIP) are proposed for secure authentication. In EIP, the input passwords are first converted to hashed passwords and then transformed into images. Next, these image passwords are encrypted using a novel image password encryption system using chaos functions and confusion-diffusion mechanisms. In D-ADT, the hashed passwords are encrypted using a random key. The major highlight of this scheme is that during every log, the hashed password is encrypted with a new random key while keeping the plain password same as it is. So, during each login of the user, the old encrypted password is replaced with a new encrypted password in the authentication data table. The EEIP scheme combines both approaches. Passwords are converted to images and image passwords are encrypted with the new random key at every login. Performance and security analysis are carried out for the proposed algorithm concerning correlation analysis, differential analysis, entropy analysis, computation time, keyspace, and offline attack analysis.
Understanding Sleep Regulation in Normal and Pathological Conditions, and Why It Matters
Authors: Nollet Mathieu , Franks Nicholas P. , Wisden William
Published: June 2023

Sleep occupies a peculiar place in our lives and in science, being both eminently familiar and profoundly enigmatic. Historically, philosophers, scientists and artists questioned the meaning and purpose of sleep. If Shakespeare’s verses from MacBeth depicting “Sleep that soothes away all our worries” and “relieves the weary laborer and heals hurt minds” perfectly epitomize the alleviating benefits of sleep, it is only during the last two decades that the growing understanding of the sophisticated sleep regulatory mechanisms allows us to glimpse putative biological functions of sleep. Sleep control brings into play various brain-wide processes occurring at the molecular, cellular, circuit, and system levels, some of them overlapping with a number of disease-signaling pathways. Pathogenic processes, including mood disorders (e.g., major depression) and neurodegenerative illnesses such Huntington’s or Alzheimer’s diseases, can therefore affect sleep-modulating networks which disrupt the sleep-wake architecture, whereas sleep disturbances may also trigger various brain disorders. In this review, we describe the mechanisms underlying sleep regulation and the main hypotheses drawn about its functions. Comprehending sleep physiological orchestration and functions could ultimately help deliver better treatments for people living with neurodegenerative diseases.
A study on the Dynamic Issuance Mechanism based on Central Bank Digital Currency1
Authors: Lyu Aobo , Jiang Jingjing , Zhou Liang
Published: June 2023

Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) pledges to realize a vast array of new functionalities, such as frictionless consumer payment and money-transfer systems, as well as precise supervision of money circulation, thereby enabling a number of new financial instruments and monetary policy levers. This study proposes, from a system feedback loop and cybernetics perspective, a Dynamic Issuance Mechanism (DIM) for CBDC that can theoretically enhance the vitality of economic operations. In accordance with this mechanism, the central bank implements dynamic issuance by monitoring cash leakage in real-time, so as to maintain the stability of the amount of money circulating on the market, thereby boosting the currency turnover rate and financial vitality. To demonstrate the efficacy of the DIM, we employ the Agent-Based Modeling (ABM) tool to develop a macroeconomic simulation model for qualitative analysis that includes four entities: Central Bank, households, firms, and commercial banks. The multi-cycle operation process of the model includes a variety of economic indicators demonstrating that DIM has the potential to boost economic vitality and social production efficiency without exerting an adverse effect on citizens’ incomes, commodity prices, or the stability of the macroeconomic system. Finally, the function principle and potential risks of DIM are explained from a systems perspective, which offers a novel perspective for the functional design of CBDC and highlights that the hierarchical structure is a meaningful domain as the developmental direction.
EDAS method for multi-attribute decision-making with generalized hesitant fuzzy numbers and its application to energy projects selection
Authors: Liu Pingqing , Wang Hongjun , Wei Guiwu
Published: June 2023

Generalized hesitant fuzzy numbers (GHFNs) can reflect the real situation of the event, in which we may encounter limited known values and known values of the set of the degree of doubt, as a quantitative approximation of uncertainty or quantification of linguistic expressions. The score function and weighting method of GHFNs are of great significance in multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) problems. In different ambiguous environments, many scholars have proposed score functions and entropy measures for different fuzzy sets. Firstly, the existed score function of GHFNs was analyzed in detail and a new score function of GHFNs was established by combining previous references. Secondly, a combined weighting method is built based on the minimum identification information principle by fusing GHF entropy and Method based on the Removal Effects of Criteria (MEREC). Thirdly, a novel GHF MADM method (GHF-EDAS) is built by extending evaluation based on distance from average solution (EDAS) method to the GHF environment to solve the issue that the decision attribute information is GHFNs. Finally, the validity and usefulness of the technique are verified by applying the GHF-EDAS technique to energy projects selection and comparing with the existing GHF-MADM method, the practicability and effectiveness of the model are verified, which offer a new way to solve the MADM problem of GHFNs.
Generalized grey dynamic clustering models with preferences
Authors: Wang Long , Fang Zhigeng , Zhang Qin , Liu Sifeng
Published: June 2023

Different preferences of the indicators would be showed in some situations. However, the preferences are not considered into the traditional possibility functions, which are always assumed to be the linear functions. It might not be proper to analyze all kinds of indicators with the traditional possibility functions. Therefore, the universal possibility functions are provided. Due to the multiple uncertain features of the indicators, then the universal possibility functions are extended for the generalized grey numbers. According to the importance of indicators and the time, the weights of indicators and the time are given respectively. Next, generalized grey dynamic clustering models with preferences are proposed. At last, the effectiveness of the suggested methods is verified via the case illustration and comparative analysis.
Building a human-computer interaction framework based on TAM/TPB/PR: A study of user satisfaction for accessible products
Authors: Hu Shan , Jiang Weitao , Rong Lingda , Hu Shixuan , Zhong Xiaoying , Wei Yaxin
Published: June 2023

Accessible products play an essential role in the lives of people with disabilities. This paper aims to identify key user satisfaction with accessible products factors affecting the use of accessible products by people with disabilities that influence user satisfaction. The extended model incorporates the essential elements of the TAM, TPB, and PR models and user satisfaction as an external variable. Data were collected from 339 users of accessible products. Structural equation modeling was used to identify significant variables in this study. SEM considered “behavioral intention” to be the most important among them. This study generated design strategies based on significant factors analyzed in the findings and validated the design cases using the PSSUQ questionnaire, which showed that users had better user satisfaction when using accessible products with the new design strategies.
Local and global character representation enhanced model for Chinese medical named entity recognition
Authors: Xiang Yan , Liu Wei , Guo Junjun , Zhang Li
Published: June 2023

Chinese medical named entity recognition (CMNER) aims to extract entities from Chinese unstructured medical texts. Existing character-based NER models do not comprehensively consider character’s characteristics from different perspectives, which limits their performance in applying to CMNER. In this paper, we propose a local and global character representation enhanced model for CMNER. For the input sentence, the model fuses the spacial and sequential character representation using autoencoder to get the local character representation; extracts the global character representation according to the corresponding domain words; integrates the local and global representation through gating mechanism to obtain the enhanced character representation, which has better ability to perceive medical entities. Finally, the model sent the enhanced character representation to the Bi-LSTM and CRF layers for context encoding and tags decoding respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that our model achieves a significant improvement over the best baseline, increasing the F1 values by 1.04% and 0.62% on the IMCS21 and CMeEE datasets, respectively. In addition, we verify the effectiveness of each component of our model by ablation experiments.
A summary of the self-employment outcomes in the State Vocational Rehabilitation Services Program: Program years 2018, 2019, and 2020
Authors: Revell William Grant , Inge Katherine J. , Cimera Rob , Keeton Beth , Brinck Emily A.
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: Self-employment continues to be an elusive competitive integrated employment outcome (CIE) for people with disabilities receiving services from State Vocational Rehabilitation Agencies (SVRA). This article provides a snapshot of the extent to which self-employment is occurring within the SVRA program as a CIE outcome. Recommendations are included for VR policies and practices that may expand the self-employment participation and outcomes for an inclusive range of VR recipients. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to provide an analysis of the national outcomes in self-employment for individuals served by the SVRAs for program years 2018, 2019, and 2020. METHODS: The data in this article was provided by the Rehabilitation Services Administration (RSA) as part of the RSA Case Service Report (RSA-911) for 2018, 2019, and 2020. RESULTS: Self-employment continues to be an underutilized VR service. Outcomes in self-employment as a percentage of all VR outcomes in CIE remained low and stagnant during 2018 and 2019 with a noticeable drop in outcomes for PY 2020. Consistently, self-employment outcomes are predominantly achieved in the VR system by a homogenous population of older (age 50+) participants whose race is white and gender is male. CONCLUSION: Unless the field of vocational rehabilitation proactively commits to diversifying and expanding self-employment participation and outcomes, the odds are that the outcomes for self-employment will remain unchanged.
LegalNERo: A linked corpus for named entity recognition in the Romanian legal domain
Authors: Păis, Vasile , Mitrofan Maria , Gasan Carol Luca , Ianov Alexandru , Ghit,ă Corvin , Coneschi Vlad Silviu , Onut, Andrei
Published: June 2023

LegalNERo is a manually annotated corpus for named entity recognition in the Romanian legal domain. It provides gold annotations for organizations, locations, persons, time expressions and legal resources mentioned in legal documents. Furthermore, GeoNames identifiers are provided. The resource is available in multiple formats, including span-based, token-based and RDF. The Linked Open Data version is available for both download and querying using SPARQL.
Sepsistherapie 2030 – Was bringt uns die Zukunft?
Authors: Busjahn Christoph , Hüttner Hendrik , Schürholz Tobias
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung Was uns die Zukunft bringt oder bringen kann, ist immer spannend, da die Entwicklung sehr dynamisch bleibt. Die demografischen Veränderungen der Gesellschaft werden in den kommen- den Jahren wachsende Veränderungen auf Seiten der Patienten und der Therapeuten verursachen. Mit Hilfe verbesserter Kommunikation können Expertisen überregional verfügbar gemacht wer- den, lokal ergänzt von intelligenten Systemen, die bei der Entscheidung zur Diagnose und Thera- pie der Sepsis unterstützen. Die Individualisierung der Sepsistherapie durch Phänotypisierung und verbesserte Diagnostik in Labor und Pathogenbestimmung wird zu erfolgreichen Krankheitsverläu- fen beitragen können. Mit neuen Endpunkten konzipierte Studien werden erfolgreiche Therapie- ansätze identifizieren, um nach vielen erfolglosen Ansätzen spezielle Sepsistherapeutika in die klinische Routine einzuführen. Und wenn wir in 10 Jahren zurückblicken, werden wir feststellen, dass nicht alle Wünsche wahr werden konnten. Schlüsselwörter Sepsis; künstliche Intelligenz; Telemedizin; individualisierte Therapie
The Changing Trajectory of Covid-19 and How Immunity is Evolving with It
Authors: Haque Azizul , Pant Anudeep B.
Published: June 2023

The dynamic of the virus-host interaction is subject to constant evolution which makes it difficult to predict when the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic will become endemic. Vaccines in conjunction with efforts around masking and social distancing have reduced SARS-CoV-2 infection rates, however, there are still significant challenges to contend with before the pandemic shifts to endemic, such as the coronavirus acquiring mutations that allow the virus to dodge the immunity acquired by hosts. The continued emergence of variants and sub-variants poses a significant hurdle to reaching endemicity. This underscores the importance of continued public health measures to control SARS-CoV-2 transmission and the need to develop better second-generation vaccines and effective treatments that would tackle current and future variants. We hypothesize that the hosts’ immunity to the virus is also evolving, which is likely to abet the process of reaching endemicity.
Neuropsychiatric and Social Consequences of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Females: a Narrative Review
Authors: Kelly Clive , Kelly Carolyn , Taylor Rachael , Gullon-Scott Fiona
Published: June 2023

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been under-recognised and under-diagnosed in females until recently. As a result, females often navigate years of symptoms without appropriate support, sometimes contributing to adverse outcomes for them and for those who try to support them. This perspective describes the lived experience of females with ADHD in their own words and explores and explains the challenges they face while growing up and living with ADHD. We address the potential adverse consequences they face, and their predictors, along with differences in the neurobiology between ADHD and neurotypical females. We discuss the physical and psychological comorbidity, altered cognition and coordination, and the generalised hypersensitivity that they often experience. We examine impairments in empathy and emotional connectivity associated with ADHD, and the effects of masking which is much commoner in females. We consider implications for increased self-harm, suicidality, conflict, and criminal conviction among ADHD females, offering suggestions as to how these risks may be mitigated. Whilst some of these issues also apply to males with ADHD, this narrative review specifically emphasises issues that most often affect females, as their experiences, perspectives and needs have been largely overlooked until recently.
Possible f Quark Model of Tetraquarks and Pentaquarks
Authors: Bevelacqua Joseph
Published: June 2023

Selected tetraquark and pentaquark candidates are compared to meson and baryon states populated by ~2.9 GeV/c2 f quarks postulated by Chapman. The meson and baryon states incorporating an f quark are modeled using a first-order mass formula based on the methodology developed by Zel'dovich and Sakharov. The resulting states have masses below the experimental tetraquark and pentaquark values. First-order mesons and baryons mass formula results containing an f quark improve as the mass of the postulated quark increases.
Financial Repercussions of Carbon Emissions and Depletion of Natural Resources: The Role of Fiscal Policy in Determining Health Expenditures
Authors: Mehar Muhammad Ayub
Published: June 2023

This study examines the impacts of various environmental factors on public and private health expenditures. The significant and robust effects of carbon emissions, depletion of forest areas, depletion of natural resources, and access to clean fuel for cooking on health expenditures, communicable diseases, and average life expectancy highlight the importance of investing in improving environmental conditions. Empirical evidence shows that carbon emissions are a major contributor to the increase in public and private health expenditures. Additionally, the study reveals an interesting aspect of fiscal policy, where external outstanding debt has a significant positive effect on per capita private health expenditures but a negative effect on nationwide aggregate health expenditures. This finding underscores the need for cautious management of debt financing from external sources. The study's results suggest that governments should avoid heavy indirect taxation, while a higher proportion of direct taxes in government revenue can enhance public sector spending on health services. Furthermore, the effectiveness of government, political stability, and absence of violence in a country emerge as significant determinants of health expenditures and the spread and severity of communicable diseases. The study utilizes five equations estimated using 14 years of data from 187 countries, employing the panel least squares (PLS) technique.
The Plight of Rare Diseases in Southern Africa: Health and Social Services Policy Recommendations
Authors: David Aneth , Alimohamed Mohamed Zahir , Modern Grantina , Mbarak Sharifa , Ahmad Husna , Özcan Bianca , Mtshali Nomsa , Tshijila Hlumela , du Plessis Kelly , Selebatso Eda , Letsholo Matshediso , Ramoeli Nthabeleng , Nayakabangwe Trudy , Van Der Merwe Reon , Joseph Vivian , Yusuf Farhan , Kilipamwambu Maximilian Godwin , Mwaikono Kilaza Samson , Nkya Siana
Published: June 2023

Rare diseases (RDs) affect a small proportion of the population when compared to infectious and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and thus receive limited attention. However, there are more than 10,000 known RDs affecting about 300 million people worldwide. The majority of rare diseases are hereditary and affect children. RDs are understudied and are difficult to diagnose, manage, and treat. The situation is worse in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where the public health infrastructure is weak, leaving a high health and cost burden on patients and caretakers. SSA is yet to adopt a common definition of what constitutes a rare disease as other regions, let alone establish the demographics of the kinds of RDs afflicting the population and the actual burden. Furthermore, policy frameworks and instruments to guide the management of RDs are non-existent. This gap contributes to a slow pace in the realization of universal healthcare and the sustainable development goals in this region.

We propose the adoption of a unified approach to tackle the burden of RDs across the SADC region by implementing common policies and measures aimed at improving the health and livelihood of people living with RDs. The recommendations include adopting a common definition, centralizing healthcare services, adopting preventive approaches, fostering collaborative research, and capacity building for healthcare workers. In addition, we propose shared cost-bearing models and special health insurance coverage that will ensure the provision of needed health and social services that improve the lives of people living with rare diseases (PLRD).

This position statement has been developed by a coalition of a professional human genetics organization, rare disease patient advocacy groups from six African countries, and the health youth cluster of the Southern African Development Community (SADC). This paper aims to inform policy issues on healthcare and social services that are necessary for improving the lives of PLRD. Harmonization of healthcare and social services policies and regulations across the SADC region will improve access to services and the livelihood of PLRD by allowing the effective utilization of resources and knowledge generated from common research goals.
PRESIDENT’S PAGE
Authors: Ramirez Ricardo
Published: June 2023

Greetings to all!

     Congratulations for another successful publication of the Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. This year marks the 42nd publication and I would like to commend the editorial team, spearheaded by Dr. José Florencio F. Lapeña Jr., and all the authors for their hard work and outstanding performance in this journal. As we transition to a new normal after the pandemic, we cannot deny that it has brought changes into our lives including the way we approach research.

     But why do we even need to conduct research? We faced seemingly insurmountable limitations and obstacles during the past 3 years and coming up with a research topic and writing a research paper should have been the last thing on our minds, yet we continued. We continued to further our knowledge about the topics that we know and love. We continued to seek answers to the questions that we had. And finally, we continued to encourage and motivate the younger generation to be inquisitive and to keep the love of learning burning.

     The PJOHNS embodies the passion and the drive to learn more about ORL-HNS. The various case studies, descriptive researches, and analytical researches present in this journal, represent the commitment of the editor-in-chief and editorial staff, and the dedication of the authors to our field. I hope that everyone that reads this journal will find it helpful in furthering their knowledge about the field of ORL-HNS.

     As you go through the pages of this journal, I hope it ignites your thirst for knowledge once again and renews your passion in Otorhinolaryngology.

Enjoy reading!
Peran Perilaku Keuangan Memoderasi Literasi Keuangan, Persepsi Risiko, dan Familiarity terhadap Keputusan Investasi
Authors: Wandira Fitri Dwi Ayu , Purnamasari Puji Endah
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh literasi keuangan, persepsi risiko, dan keakraban terhadap keputusan investasi. Selain itu, bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah perilaku keuangan dapat memoderasi literasi keuangan, persepsi risiko, dan keakraban dengan keputusan investasi. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa anggota Kelompok Studi Pasar Modal (KSPM) di Kota Malang. Sampel sebanyak 115 responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan rumus Slovin dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada sampel yang telah ditentukan. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan software SPSS 25 untuk menguji hipotesis penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Literasi keuangan berpengaruh terhadap keputusan investasi; (2) Persepsi risiko berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan investasi; (3) Keakraban berpengaruh terhadap keputusan investasi; (4) Perilaku keuangan tidak dapat memoderasi literasi keuangan pada keputusan investasi; (5) Perilaku keuangan tidak dapat memoderasi persepsi risiko keputusan investasi; (6) Perilaku keuangan dapat memoderasi keakraban dengan keputusan investasi.
Eclipse in a Philosopher's Perspective; Construction of Myth, Tawhid, and Shari'a
Authors: Anzaikhan M.
Published: June 2023

Eclipse is a natural phenomenon that has a variety of determinations from time to time. Historically, eclipses were first believed to be mythical events and were closely associated with the existence of gods. When Islam came, the eclipse changed into the dimensions of tawhid and Sharia. Tawhid talks about how natural phenomena show the power and existence of Allah Almighty, while the dimension of sharia is reflected in the existence of eclipse prayers in Islam. Long before Islam came, philosophers had discussed the phenomenon of eclipses, nowadays eclipses are a serious study, especially in the study of Falak. This article is classified as literature research with a qualitative approach. The methodology used is a descriptive analysis study. The results of the study concluded that eclipses in philosophers' thoughts are still connected with the dimensions of myth and sharia. The eclipse prayer service is a manifestation of tawhid as a form of gratitude and hope.
Influence of lipid levels in the diet on the degree of absorption of minerals in the body of broiler chickens
Authors: Ryazantseva K. V. , Sizova E. A.
Published: June 2023

Relevance. Precocious modern crosses of broiler chickens need a high-energy diet. Vegetable oils, being a concentrated source of energy, cover the necessary energy demand. At the same time, the amount and type of fat used in the diet to increase energy value can affect the metabolism of trace elements. Thus, there may be a relationship between the concentration and type of lipids in the diet and the metabolism of trace elements.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of various doses of sunflower oil in the diet on minerals in the body of broiler chickens.

Methods. Experimental studies to assess the effect of a high-energy diet on the mineral status of the body were conducted in three groups of broiler chickens of the Arbor Acres cross, formed by the method of pairs of analogues (n = 35). The basic diet was adjusted for metabolic energy. The subject of research is the mineral composition of the liver and bone tissue, as well as biochemical and morphological parameters of blood.

Results. Based on research, it has been established that feeding broiler chickens is highly co-energy diet causes changes in the metabolism of certain trace elements and leads to to malabsorption. In the liver, blood serum and bone tissue, the studied elements (Fe, Cu and Zn) decreased in the experiment. The result obtained requires further research and indicates on the possible need for correction of mineral nutrition in high-energy diets.
Biological and economic efficiency of herbicides in the protection of corn crops for grain in the Ryazan region
Authors: Zakharova M. N. , Rozhkova L. V.
Published: June 2023

Relevance. The slow development of the crop at the beginning of the growing season (from sowing to the 5-leaf phase) makes it uncompetitive to weed species. Weeds, adapted to cool spring temperatures, and forming a powerful underground and above-ground mass, suppress corn crops. During the growing season, weeds compete with corn plants for light, soil moisture and nutrients. In the absence of protective measures, grain yield losses can be up to 70%.

Methods. The results of two-year field tests of post-emergence herbicides used to reduce the harmfulness of weeds and increase the yield of corn cultivated for grain in the conditions of the Ryazan region are presented. In the scheme of the experiment, herbicides were studied: Cordus Plus, VDG — 0.2 l/ha; MeisTer Power, MD — 1.5 l/ha; Elumis, MD — 1.6 l/ha. The research was conducted in 2020 and 2021 at the experimental field of the Institute. The soil of the site is dark gray forest heavy loamy, the humus content is 3.8%. The predecessor is winter wheat. The corn variety is NK Falcon with FAO 190.

Results. It was found that the studied herbicides effectively reduced the contamination of crops from 89 to 94% in 2020 and from 85 to 91% in 2021. The analysis of the elements of the structure of corn cobs showed that the number of grains and the mass of 1000 grains in the cob influenced the formation of yield. The studied herbicides contributed to an increase in the number of grains in the cob in 2020 by 148–157 pcs., in 2021 — by 85–95 pcs., as well as the mass of 1000 grains by 96–139 g and 75–93 g, respectively. An additional crop of corn grain was obtained on the variants: in 2020 — 55–60.0%, in 2021 — 70.5–78.3%.