bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Justifying Aggregation With Consensus-Based Constructs
Authors: Woehr David J. , Loignon Andrew C. , Schmidt Paul B. , Loughry Misty L. , Ohland Matthew W.
Published: May 2015

Management researchers often use consensus-based composition models to examine the antecedents and effects of higher-level constructs. Typically, researchers present three indices, rwg, ICC(1), and ICC(2), to demonstrate agreement and consistency among lower-level units when justifying aggregation. Nevertheless, researchers debate what values for these indices are sufficient. This study examines the distributional characteristics of ICCs and rwg values from three sources: the multilevel literature, a large multinational sample of student teams, and a large sample of randomly generated “pseudo teams.” Our results support existing cutoff criteria for ICCs but suggest that generally accepted values for rwg may, under certain circumstances, reflect pseudo-agreement (i.e., agreement observed among two raters not attributable to the same target). Thus, when there is minimal between-group variance (i.e., low ICCs), it is difficult to determine whether high rwg values reflect agreement or pseudo-agreement. Based on these findings, we provide recommendations to help researchers interpret aggregation indices.
Multiple sclerosis patient-derived CSF induces transcriptional changes in proliferating oligodendrocyte progenitors
Authors: Haines Jeffery D , Vidaurre Oscar G , Zhang Fan , Riffo-Campos Ángela L , Castillo Josefa , Casanova Bonaventura , Casaccia Patrizia , Lopez-Rodas Gerardo
Published: May 2015

Background:

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is in contact with brain parenchyma and ventricles, and its composition might influence the cellular physiology of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) thereby contributing to multiple sclerosis (MS) disease pathogenesis.

Objective:

To identify the transcriptional changes that distinguish the transcriptional response induced in proliferating rat OPCs upon exposure to CSF from primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) or relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients and other neurological controls.

Methods:

We performed gene microarray analysis of OPCs exposed to CSF from neurological controls, or definitive RRMS or PPMS disease course. Results were confirmed by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, immunocytochemistry and western blot of cultured cells, and validated in human brain specimens.

Results:

We identified common and unique oligodendrocyte genes for each treatment group. Exposure to CSF from PPMS uniquely induced branching of cultured progenitors and related transcriptional changes, including upregulation ( P<0.05) of the adhesion molecule GALECTIN-3/ Lgals3, which was also detected at the protein level in brain specimens from PPMS patients. This pattern of gene expression was distinct from the transcriptional programme of oligodendrocyte differentiation during development.

Conclusions:

Despite evidence of morphological differentiation induced by exposure to CSF of PPMS patients, the overall transcriptional response elicited in cultured OPCs was consistent with the activation of an aberrant transcriptional programme.
‘I Once Stared at Myself in the Mirror for Eleven Hours.’ Exploring mirror gazing in participants with body dysmorphic disorder
Authors: Silver Joanna , Farrants Jacqui
Published: May 2015

This study provides insight into the lived experience of mirror gazing using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis and Photo Elicitation. A total of 10 participants who identified themselves as suffering from body dysmorphic disorder took photographs that related to their body dysmorphic disorder experience. Photographs were discussed in interviews. It was found that mirror gazing in body dysmorphic disorder is an embodied phenomenon. Motivations for mirror gazing were confusing, complex and masochistic. Overall, participants described mirrors as being controlling, imprisoning and disempowering forces that had a crippling and paralysing effect on life. It is argued that health psychologists must ask clients about their embodied experiences when looking in the mirror.
The use of eye-tracking to explore social difficulties in cognitively able students with autism spectrum disorder: A pilot investigation
Authors: Hanley Mary , Riby Debbie M , Carty Clare , Melaugh McAteer Annie , Kennedy Andrew , McPhillips Martin
Published: May 2015

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder do not just ‘grow out of’ their early difficulties in understanding the social world. Even for those who are cognitively able, autism-related difficulties continue into adulthood. Atypicalities attending to and interpreting communicative signals from others can provide barriers to success in education, employment and relationships. In the current study, we use eye-tracking during real social interaction to explore attention to social cues (e.g. face, eyes, mouth) and links to social awareness in a group of cognitively able University students with autism spectrum disorder and typically developing students from the same University. During the interaction, students with autism spectrum disorder showed less eye fixation and more mouth fixation than typically developing students. Importantly, while 63% of typically developing participants reported thinking they were deceived about the true nature of the interaction, only 9% of autism spectrum disorder participants picked up this subtle social signal. We argue that understanding how these social attentional and social awareness difficulties manifest during adulthood is important given the growing number of adults with autism spectrum disorder who are attending higher level education. These adults may be particularly susceptible to drop-out due to demands of coping in situations where social awareness is so important.
Impact of campus child care director leadership and activities on the internal success and integration of the campus center
Authors: Myers Kerisa Ann , Bierlein Palmer Louann
Published: May 2015

This study captures data from nearly 200 university campus-based child care center directors across the United States. It reveals the impacts directors believe their centers have had on the broader internal university community (e.g. student retention, research, teacher training in early childhood education) and the extent to which directors engage in leadership activities which demonstrate a “prehensive grasp” regarding the role of their center (e.g. the activities directors use to communicate the mission of their center and to integrate their center into the university).
Impact of Child Maltreatment on Attachment and Social Rank Systems
Authors: Sloman Leon , Taylor Peter
Published: May 2015

Child maltreatment is a prevalent societal problem that has been linked to a wide range of social, psychological, and emotional difficulties. Maltreatment impacts on two putative evolved psychobiological systems in particular, the attachment system and the social rank system. The maltreatment may disrupt the child’s ability to form trusting and reassuring relationships and also creates a power imbalance where the child may feel powerless and ashamed. The aim of the current article is to outline an evolutionary theory for understanding the impact of child maltreatment, focusing on the interaction between the attachment and the social rank system. We provide a narrative review of the relevant literature relating to child maltreatment and these two theories. This research highlights how, in instances of maltreatment, these ordinarily adaptive systems may become maladaptive and contribute to psychopathology. We identify a number of novel hypotheses that can be drawn from this theory, providing a guide for future research. We finally explore how this theory provides a guide for the treatment of victims of child maltreatment. In conclusion, the integrated theory provides a framework for understanding and predicting the consequences of maltreatment, but further research is required to test several hypotheses made by this theory.
A Phenomenological Investigation of the Academic Persistence of Undergraduate Hispanic Nontraditional Students at Hispanic Serving Institutions
Authors: Arbelo-Marrero Floralba , Milacci Fred
Published: May 2015

This study focused on understanding the factors of academic persistence for 10 undergraduate Hispanic nontraditional students enrolled at two Hispanic Serving Institutions (HSIs) in the southeast, each in their last year of a baccalaureate degree program. Using a phenomenological design, findings indicated that family context, personal aspirations, campus environment within HSIs, life challenges, and English language learning, all played a vital role in the persistence behaviors of participants.
The Distinctive Features of a Feasibility Study
Authors: Orsmond Gael I. , Cohn Ellen S.
Published: May 2015

In this article, we highlight the distinctive features of a feasibility study, identify the main objectives and guiding questions of a feasibility study, and illustrate the use of these objectives. We synthesized the research methods literature related to feasibility studies to identify five overarching objectives of feasibility studies that focus on social and behavioral interventions. Feasibility studies are designed to answer the overarching question: Can it work? The main objectives of feasibility include the assessment of recruitment capability and resulting sample characteristics, data collection procedures and outcome measures, acceptability of the intervention and study procedures, resources and ability to manage and implement the study and intervention, and preliminary evaluation of participant responses to the intervention. For each objective, we identified follow-up questions designed to assist the researchers to understand barriers to the ultimate success of the research.
Endovascular management of a collateral network aneurysm in a patient with spontaneous internal carotid artery occlusion
Authors: Kaya Bulent , Erdi Fatih , Keskin Fatih , Kalkan Erdal , Koç Osman
Published: May 2015

Spontaneous “non-moyamoya” arterial occlusion of the intracranial arteries is very unusual. Progressive occlusion of a major intracranial artery, independently from the etiology, can lead to the development of collateral arterial networks that supply blood flow to distal territories beyond the occlusion. These collateral arteries are typically small and conduct low flows, but the hemodynamic stress within them can lead to aneurysm formation within the collateral network. In this report we present a case of spontaneous internal carotid artery occlusion and collateral network aneurysm for the first time in the literature and discuss the main features of the etiology and endovascular treatment of this rare, challenging aneurysm.
Civic engagement in extreme times: The remaking of justice among Guatemala’s ‘postwar’ generation
Authors: Bellino Michelle J
Published: May 2015

In recent years, there has been a dramatic growth in the field of youth civic engagement, although little of this work has been conducted in fragile democracies contending with legacies of war and authoritarianism. This study explores how Guatemalan postwar generation youth develop as civic actors under extreme conditions of violence, social and political distrust, and a dwindling space for public expression. Drawing from ethnographic research conducted in rural and urban Guatemala, this study demonstrates how young people’s sense of civic efficacy interacts with their interpretations of historical injustice and the civic messages mediated by teachers, families, peers, and communities. Young people struggle to define and enact appropriate civic action, at times working outside unjust systems as a means of fostering change.
The effects of oar-shaft stiffness and length on rowing biomechanics
Authors: Laschowski Brock , Nolte Volker , Adamovsky Michael , Alexander Ryan
Published: May 2015

This work experimentally investigates the effects of oar-shaft stiffness and length on rowing biomechanics. Elite rowers were tested in instrumented single sculling boats over a set distance using oar-shafts of different stiffness and length. There were slight differences in the measured boat accelerations and oarlock forces between rowing with the different oar configurations. However, the rower’s inter-stroke inconsistencies in the biomechanical parameters were on the same order of magnitude as the measured differences between rowing with the different oar configurations. The results are discussed in relation to oar-shaft deflection and lever theory.
TIA Management
Authors: Mijalski Christina , Silver Brian
Published: May 2015

Transient ischemic attack (TIA) has gained increasing attention over the last 2 decades with the realization that the condition is common, portends potentially serious consequences, and, when identified early, can be evaluated and treated to modify future risk. In this review, we examine the issues of whether all TIA patients need admission and whether such patients should receive short-term dual antiplatelet therapy. Not all patients require admission if evaluation and treatment are done promptly. There may be a role for dual antiplatelet therapy, but the results of further clinical trials will help provide better clarity on which patients are the best candidates for this treatment.
Fundamentalism and Warranted Belief: Response to John Shortt
Authors: Harris Harriet A.
Published: May 2015

THESE REFLECTIONS COME in response to John Shortt's attentive and comprehensive review of my book, Fundamentalism and Evangelicals, 1 for which I am very grateful. In that book, I argued that the conviction that scripture is revealed by God comes through the experience of reading scripture, and is distorted when made to rest on a fundamentalist apologetic intent on demonstrating that the Bible contains no errors. Shortt builds on this argument and proposes that the belief ‘the Christian scriptures are revealed by God’ is justified immediately, without recourse to prior reasoning or evidences. 2 In this he adapts the arguments of the Reformed epistemologists who defend belief in God as properly basic. It is argued here that these religious beliefs are not significantly like other sorts of belief that have immediate warrant to justify putting them in that category. This discussion has implications for the development and testing of beliefs in children.
Wisdom in Defeat — Prayer in Public Schools!
Authors: Cox William F.
Published: May 2015

WOULD LEGAL ENACTMENTS to allow prayer in public schools meet Biblically-inspired concerns of Christians? The generally favorable support from Christians and the potential to restore the original intent of the First Amendment points to a ‘yes' answer. However, Biblical teachings suggest that Christians should make the essence of the Amendment applicable to all religious persuasions and not just to their own. In the end, the difficulty, if not heightened impossibility, of having Biblically appropriate practices in a pluralistic public school establishment is confronted, and an alternative recommendation is proposed.
Some Characteristics of Successful Christian Schooling in Australia
Authors: Twelves Jim
Published: May 2015

THIS IS A report on three case studies of successful Australian Christian Schools conducted primarily by in-depth interviewing of key leaders. The schools were selected on the recommendation of an expert panel. The study sought to describe leadership and management characteristics of these schools. Characteristics include: collaborative leadership; school boards adopting the Carver Governance Model; two schools used to have strained relations between the board and staff; enrolment policies (two closed, one open); the significant impact of committed, quality teachers on student performance; transforming the lives of students; and the implementation of their dynamic vision.
An Approach to Citizenship Education That Includes Faith as an Integral Dimension
Authors: Sunderland Chris
Published: May 2015

This paper attempts to offer a way into Citizenship education based upon a philosophical and practical enquiry that acknowledges the importance of beliefs, values and commitments in every human society. It introduces four key conceptual tools, namely story, trust, power and success that together offer pupils and teachers an opportunity to explore the most fundamental human questions concerning knowledge, purpose and social systems. These concepts allow cross-curricular connection and a broad range of practical application that can meet the demands of the Citizenship curriculum.
Teaching Mathematics: It's Time to Tell Some New Stories
Authors: Westwell John
Published: May 2015

A NUMBER OF mathematics educators have called in recent years for a ‘humanising’ of the teaching of mathematics and even of the subject itself. One important way in which this can be done is by recognising the importance of story in human life and understanding in general and in mathematics teaching in particular. Using as an example the story of Florence Nightingale and her rose statistical diagrams, three ‘stories within the story’ are identified: the ‘human-story’, the ‘mathematics-story’ and the ‘knowledge-story’. A way of making use of these within the mathematics classroom is suggested and areas for further research are identified.
Learning as Reconciliation, Learning for Reconciliation: New Dimensions for Christian Secondary Schools
Authors: Gormas Jan , Koole Robert , Vryhof Steven
Published: May 2015

THE AUTHORS INVESTIGATE secondary Christian schooling in light of a biblical calling to reconciliation. This vision involves learning that transforms, inviting students and teachers into vulnerable, yet exhilarating, positions, with visions of increasing interdependency and reciprocity. Responsible freedom to search for truth in community is touted as a necessary ingredient of transformative learning and teaching in secondary schools. This approach advocates curriculum that investigate issues or problems in an integrative manner rather than teaching everything in separate disciplines. The authors also maintain that assessment is crucial since it is here that we communicate what we truly value. Assessment for reconciliation unfolds as transformative learning happens and includes the articulation of further questions and investigations.
Transactional Reading as Spiritual Investment
Authors: Pike Mark A.
Published: May 2015

THIS ARTICLE ADDRESSES how Christians can read wisely and well as citizens of both God's kingdom and an increasingly secular society. I suggest that focussing on reading as a transaction between reader and text rather than on the morality of texts or the maturity of readers can provide a biblical approach for Christian educators seeking to invest reading experiences with Christian faith. I also contend that reading is one of the ways Christians should invest in a secular society and that when readers sow their faith and invest their spiritual lives in their reading transactions, they can grow spiritually.
The Relationship between Denominational Affiliation and Spiritual Health among Weekly-Churchgoing 13- to 15-Year-Old Adolescents in England and Wales
Authors: Francis Leslie J. , Robbins Mandy
Published: May 2015

THIS PAPER DRAWS on John Fisher's formative definition of spiritual health as comprising good relationships within four domains (the personal, the communal, the environmental and the transcendental) and uses the operationalization of these constructs proposed by Francis and Robbins (2005). Comparisons are made between the responses of five groups of 13- to 15-year-olds who report weekly church attendance: 1,549 Anglicans, 1,458 Roman Catholics, 830 members of one of the Free Churches, 212 members of one of the Pentecostal churches, and 212 Jehovah's Witnesses. The data demonstrate significant variations in the levels of spiritual health reported by weekly churchgoers according to denominational affiliation. The conclusion is drawn that denominational affiliation needs to be taken into account alongside frequency of church attendance in constructing a view of the relationship between Christian practice and spiritual health during the adolescent years.
Why We Should Discard “the Integration of Faith and Learning”: Rearticulating the Mission of the Christian Scholar
Authors: Glanzer Perry L.
Published: May 2015

DISCUSSION ABOUT THE integration of faith and learning has become a common theme among Christian colleges and universities. Although it has fostered a robust academic dialogue, I contend the language of “integration of faith and learning” needs to be discarded. My conclusion, however, stems not from recent critiques of the integration model. Instead, I am more concerned with the habits of thinking that the language fosters than with the overall integration model (which I will largely defend). I will suggest and defend an alternative language that captures the important theological mission of Christian scholars and retains and expands a basic integration paradigm, while also directly addressing some recent critiques.
The “Beyond in the Midst”: An Incarnational Response to the Dynamic Dance of Christian Worldview, Faith and Learning
Authors: Iselin Darren , Meteyard John D.
Published: May 2015

ALTHOUGH WIDESPREAD CONSENSUS exists that the integration of Christian worldview, faith and learning lies at the heart of effective Christian education, such an aspiration has not always resulted in the embodiment of worldview principles within Christian educational contexts. In response to this dissonance, an alternative approach to integration is suggested. Specifically, this paper proposes that the Christian doctrine of the incarnation and the corresponding theme of the “beyond in the midst” offer an alternative perspective with the potential to liberate Christian educational communities from the “iron cage of rationality” in favour of more embodied, praxis-focussed imperatives.
Responding to the Ideals of Lassallian Education in the 21st Century: A Case Study of St. Paul's Secondary School in Marsabit, Kenya
Authors: Marius Boya François , Teklemariam Amanuel Abraha , Akala Winston Jumba
Published: May 2015

DE LA SALLE BROTHERS are Christian educators operating in more than 80 countries, including Kenya. The purpose of this study was to find if the ideals of Lasallian education are being realized in the 21st century in Kenya and to establish whether the findings concur with the Lasallian philosophy of education. The study was conducted at St. Paul's Secondary School in Marsabit using qualitative and quantitative research approaches. The findings showed that in line with the Lasallian philosophy, the Brothers were running the school to reach the poor, teaching Christian values, and carrying out educational and pastoral care activities; furthermore, their students were high academic performers and well disciplined. However, the school admits only adherents to the Catholic faith and depends mainly on foreign donations for its operations, in regards to which some recommendations for improvement are made.
The Contribution of Secular Social Theory to Research in Christian Education
Authors: Green Elizabeth
Published: May 2015

THIS ARTICLE ARGUES that educators should be aware of the way that Christian beliefs interact with the structure and practices of secular education policies and that established secular social theory can help them to do this. Drawing on an example from empirical research, the author models how concepts associated with Bourdieu's social theory can illuminate the cultural impact of Christian worldview on students. The article concludes that this type of engagement counters the marginalization of religion within sociology of education research.
Worldview: Some Unanswered Questions
Authors: Thomson Alan
Published: May 2015

CHRISTIAN WORLDVIEW THINKING has become an increasingly prominent framework for thinking about education since its uptake by a new and rapidly growing constituency of Evangelicals. On the surface this popular surge vindicates the methodology yet the literature demonstrates a concerning lack of engagement with apparently debilitating critiques advanced by a previous generation of scholars like Karl Barth. There have been responses of course, but they are notable for domesticating the critiques rather than treating them as fundamental objections, a situation urgently requiring attention if worldview thinking is to position itself as a genuine alternative in the wider marketplace of ideas.
From Indoctrination to Initiation: A Non-Coercive Approach to Faith-Learning Integration
Authors: Reichard Joshua D.
Published: May 2015

THIS ARTICLE CONTRIBUTES to ongoing discussions related to the nature, scope, and methods of faith-learning integration. The “initiation” approach developed by Tim McDonough (2011) is adapted to faith-learning integration in an attempt to bridge polarizing discussions regarding indoctrination versus rational autonomy and critical inquiry. The three stages of initiation are reconceived as conflict, creativity, and commitment. Using this model of initiation, teachers in Christian schools may strive toward educating students to be creative and responsive thinkers within the context of the tradition and community of the Christian faith. Ultimately, as the students of today become the scholars of tomorrow, they must be prepared to solve problems, face conflict, and deal with ambiguity. Initiation, as a non-coercive alternative to indoctrination, provides an opportunity to achieve such goals.
Some Theological Reservations Surrounding One Contemporary Christian Approach to Teaching and Learning
Authors: Whittle Sean
Published: May 2015

This article raises a number of theological reservations about one contemporary Christian approach to teaching and learning. For many years David Smith and Trevor Cooling have played a leading role in demonstrating how Christian beliefs and theological themes might be integrated into classroom practice across the curriculum. But despite the good fruits in their work, there are some theological reservations that need to be raised. There is something deficient about the perceived relationship between theology and education that grounds this contemporary example of a Christian approach to teaching and learning. To illustrate this concern, an embryonic proposal that draws inspiration from the systematic theologian Karl Rahner is presented. This is done in order to describe how theology could provide the guiding framework for educational theory in general and for teaching and learning across the curriculum.*
Religion, Religionism and Religious Education: Fostering Tolerance and Truth in Schools
Authors: Barnes L. Philip
Published: May 2015

THIS ARTICLE IS a response to John Hull's analysis of ‘religionism’ and of its significance for religious education. The article takes issue with both Hull's understanding of the nature of the problem of religious prejudice and his suggested solution. It is argued that Hull's direct linking of religious intolerance with religious claims to uniqueness and superiority is unwarranted. Empirical evidence does not support a causal link and a deductive link runs into logical problems. In addition, Hull's particular educational and theological strategy for overcoming religious intolerance is ill-advised and may run counter to his best intentions.
Beyond Accord: Can ‘Spiritual Development’ Move us Forward?
Authors: Smith David
Published: May 2015

MAKING THE IDEA of spiritual development practically workable in a pluralised context faces the formidable challenge of avoiding both watered-down apathy and acrimonious dispute between riual faiths. This is the claim of Brian Hill in a recent article on the subject. The present article critiques Hill's proposed solution and suggests a broader alternative framework based on the idea of multi-faceted human response to universal basic questions, outlining ways in which this framework might more fundamentally challenge existing curricula while retaining room for spiritual diversity.
The Critical Thinking Skills Movement and its Implications for Religious Education
Authors: Thorpe Anthony
Published: May 2015

THE PUBLIC'S INTEREST in the idea of philosophy and young people has been awakened with the success of ‘Sophie's World’ by Jostein Gaarder (NY: Phoenix House, 1995). How might this interest in philosophy form a link with the teaching of religious education? Historically the links between philosophy and religion have been strong but many teachers have assumed that philosophy is something that young people are incapable of understanding let alone able to use as part of their learning. Arguments from Piaget's psychology of learning also suggest this but the Critical Thinking Skills Movement claims that these objections can be met. Could teachers be underselling the capabilities of their students? What then might be the implications for the teaching of religious education of a more philosophical approach that sought to develop critical thinking skills? It is also important to ask what the assumptions are behind these implications and whether they are acceptable from a Christian viewpoint.
Readiness for Discarding? — An Examination of the Researches of Ronald Goldman concerning Children's Religious Thinking
Authors: Ashton Elizabeth
Published: May 2015

THIS ARTICLE EXAMINES the assumptions underlying the influential researches of Ronald Goldman into the religious thinking of childhood. The Piagetian base against which Goldman's theories were developed is analysed before a full investigation is made of Goldman's researches, his methodology, notions of childhood and confusions concerning what children appeared to know and what they had the potential to understand.

The article concludes with an examination of Goldman's own ideas of religion and its language-use. It is concluded that his work, like that of Piaget, is essentially romantic, although disguised in empirical methodology. It is argued that the content of Religious Education in primary schools ought to be reviewed as a matter of urgency since the work of Goldman has contributed to a serious underestimation of pupils' potential for understanding scriptural narrative.
Response to Andrew Wright
Authors: Sandsmark Signe
Published: May 2015

THE BIBLE GIVES us important presuppositions for our understanding of reality, human nature and purpose and these presuppositions influence our educational thinking and practice. Andrew Wright claims that a dualism in Lutheran theology supports reconstructioism rather than transformationism. However, dualism comes in many forms and not all of them are unbiblical. The alleged dualism of Lutheran theology is simply an attempt to hold together apparently contradictory aspects which are in fact complementary. Luther's two governments cannot be separated and it is not possible for us to know when God is using his left or his right hand. Luther himself and many Lutherans do not conform to Wright's caricature. Neither a transformationist view of learning nor Lutheran theology will have a universal answer to the question of whether Christian children should be educated in Christian schools or common schools.
Designing Educational Organisation in a Christian Context
Authors: Lawrence Neal
Published: May 2015

IS IT NECESSARY or even possible to design educational organisation after a distinctly Christian pattern? How Christian an organisation is surely depends on more than attaching the label ‘Christian’ or even the carrying out of a Christian mission. There is perhaps an unspoken assumption by Christians that when they organise to carry out a Christian purpose, they will inevitably do so in a Christian way. Ultimately, all Christian organisations have an educating agenda of some sort, ranging from formal school education to a multiplicity of other educating activities. But is a Christian oganisational framework innately present in the carrying out of a Christian educational purpose? This paper explores these issues through several metaphorical perspectives on organisations and seeks to identify some elements of a useable organisational framework for Christian schools.
Modes of Processing the Dead: Ethnography of Crematoria
Authors: Singh Ravi Nandan
Published: May 2015

A persistent concern of social anthropology of death has been to map dying and death within the meaningful matrices of myth, ritual actions and communitarian regeneration. This article embedded within the said legacy, departs from the convention in minor ways. It seeks to locate the agency of the dead as a specific kind of subject–object, focusing on the newly dead rather than on the dying and the fresh ancestors. The newly dead are those for whom the transition from the material–spectral state into a new embodiment must be observed through the proper processing of the dead. The article maps this realm of the newly dead in relation to the institutional practice of cremation in Denmark, Europe. The entry into the ethnographic understanding of the Danish context is informed by my previous fieldwork on the subject of cremation at Banaras, India. This article mainly borrows from my fieldwork at Aarhus, while Banaras serves as an alert backdrop. The specific object of enquiry that guided my research in Aarhus was to locate the controversial initiative to redirect the heat generated during the cremation process, for civil, municipal use. Locating the controversy, I argue, enables one to address the nature of institutional imaginaries involved in the processing of the newly dead. It further helps us to show how these imaginaries persist within a multiplicity of shifts such as new scientific inventions, Nazi use of cremation techniques, aestheticisation of funerary objects and the availability of commercial merchandise as funerary objects. In the ethnographic contextualisation of this multiplicity, the emphasis is on highlighting both the imaginaries of the proper processing of the dead and the doing of the proper. In this regard, the article poses the question: Is there any link between the myth and the proper observance of funerary procedures? It argues that the biblical version of singularity appears integral to the institutional imaginary of processing of the newly dead in Aarhus, just as scientific vision and communitarian sentiments are constitutive of it.
A case of tuberculous endophthalmitis successfully treated with vitrectomy followed by antituberculous agents
Authors: Hase Keitaro , Namba Kenichi , Saito Wataru , Ohno Shigeaki , Ishida Susumu
Published: May 2015

Background

Tuberculous endophthalmitis is very rare with only 18 reports published worldwide and only a few cases in Japan. We report a case of tuberculous endophthalmitis successfully treated with vitrectomy followed by antituberculous agents.

Findings

An 81-year-old man was referred to us due to the exacerbation of vitreous opacity on his left eye(OS) after he had received the corticosteroid therapy. His best corrected visual acuity was light perception OS, and he had severe intraocular inflammation with fibrin formation in the anterior chamber and dense vitreous opacity. A chest CT showed miliary nodules indicating miliary tuberculosis, and pars plana vitrectomy was performed. Intraoperative observation showed that the vitreous cavity was filled by fibrin, and large elevated subretinal yellow-white lesions were present at the mid-periphery. The patient immediately received triple antituberculous agents orally, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected in vitreous fluids. The intraocular inflammation gradually decreased, and the subretinal mass regressed within 2 weeks.

Conclusions

We encountered a case of tuberculous endophthalmitis successfully treated with vitrectomy followed by antituberculous agents. If endophthalmitis is suspected in a patient with systemic tuberculosis infection, prompt vitrectomy along with the administration of antituberculous agents may be necessary.
Lost Labor and Love: Adultery in Early Twentieth-Century Guatemala
Authors: Carey David
Published: May 2015

In a postcolonial nation convinced that familial peace was a cornerstone to an orderly society, women who committed adultery effectively cuckolded national leaders as well as their husbands. That men risked their reputations by admitting to their wives' extramarital affairs in court suggests that much was at stake in female dalliances. Plaintiffs' pardons and judges' reluctance to rule demonstrate women's crucial contributions to households via income and labor. Since men's infidelity threatened their families' daily survival, women who initiated adultery litigation generally did so in response to husbands' financial neglect. More than emotion or honor, economic concerns shaped marital relations and the repercussions of infidelity among the poor and working classes. Understanding the extent to which adulterers and scorned spouses influenced gender relations, moral economies, and nation building during the reign of dictator Manuel Estrada Cabrera sheds light on women's plight and contributions in modern Guatemala and on the entwinement of gender, sexuality, family, politics, and economics.
“Moving Centers”: Climate Change, Critical Method, and the Historical Novel
Authors: Baucom Ian
Published: May 2015

Humanities scholars have given renewed attention to capitalism’s externalizations on our environment. The Anthropocene is a speculative epochal shift proposed by geologists to mark the accumulated effect of human industry on Earth’s future. The Anthropocene adds a layer of geological time to human history, challenging traditional theories of historical change. Drawing on this notion, Dipesh Chakrabarty outlines three theories of history. History 1 and 2 refer to liberalism and its postcolonial and postmodern critique, respectively. History 3, or post-Anthropocene history, marks the horizon of historical consciousness. This article proposes “History 4°” to synthesize History 1–3 into a new totality in which the historical present is defined as internal to an imminent catastrophe. History 4° poses a challenge to the historical novel: somehow it must reveal the intimate causal linkages between human and nonhuman across time, while remaining within the bounds of literary realism. David Mitchell’s Cloud Atlas is read as a contemporary historical novel adequate to this task. The character Sonmi-451’s encounter with a natural landscape ravaged by human industry encapsulates the increasing indistinction between human and nonhuman worlds. The novel’s structure rejects linearity as its protagonists are linked to one another and themselves over all of human history.
Cities of Data: Examining the New Urban Science
Authors: Townsend Anthony
Published: May 2015

Since the very origins of urban planning in the late nineteenth century, the field has aspired to establish a firm scientific footing for the nature of cities, their cycles of growth and decline, and ways that we can better plan and predict the outcomes of interventions through design and policy. While these efforts have long been stymied by a lack of sufficiently detailed data and limited computing power, these obstacles are rapidly being overcome. In response, a growing number of city governments and a new cadre of academic research centers are investing in data-intensive analysis and simulation of cities. While this campaign shares many similarities with computer-based efforts to study cities and inform urban policy during the United States’ urban crisis in the 1960s, the rise of the Internet presents new opportunities to involve citizens more actively, on a larger scale, and in more empowered roles than in the past. This development offers an opportunity to develop more transparent, ethical, and effective models for collaborative urban research involving universities, local government, and citizen science networks.
Animated Space
Authors: Amin Ash
Published: May 2015

This article revisits the canon that imagines urban public space as a site of civic and political formation, based on active subjects. In contrast, the article explores the implications of thinking the urban landscape as sentient in its own right, as a hum of interacting humans and nonhumans that exceeds and performs its occupants. Citing hybrid performances—software in the “smart city,” witchcraft in the streets of Kinshasa, the sermon-filled outdoors in Cairo, and the sensoria of Canton’s opium-trading quarters in the nineteenth century—the article argues that such is the eventfulness of urban public space that the politics of place are always fleeting, hidden, and never reducible to human sociality alone.
Case Report: "ADHD Trainer": the mobile application that enhances cognitive skills in ADHD patients
Authors: Ruiz-Manrique Gonzalo , Tajima-Pozo Kazuhiro , Montañes-Rada Francisco
Published: May 2015

We report the case of a 10 year old patient diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and comorbid video game addiction, who was treated with medication combined to a novel cognitive training method based on video games called TCT method. A great risk of developing video game or internet addiction has been reported in children, especially in children with ADHD. Despite this risk, we hypothesize that the good use of these new technologies might be useful to develop new methods of cognitive training. The cognitive areas in which a greater improvement was observed through the use of video games were the visuospatial working memory and fine motor skills. TCT method is a cognitive training method that enhances cognitive skills such as attention, working memory, processing speed, calculation ability, reasoning, and visuomotor coordination. The purpose of reviewing this case is to highlight that regular cognitive computerized training in ADHD patients can improve some of their cognitive symptoms and can help treating video game addiction.
Promoting self-management through adherence among heart failure patients discharged from rural hospitals: a study protocol
Authors: Young Lufei , Barnason Sue , Do Van
Published: May 2015

Background Heart failure is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions in adults, leading to prolonged morbidity, repeated hospitalizations, and placing tremendous economic burden on the healthcare system. Heart failure patients discharged from rural hospitals, or primarily critical access hospitals, have higher 30-day readmission and mortality rates compared to patients discharged from urban hospitals. Self-management improves heart failure patients’ health outcomes and reduces re-hospitalizations, but adherence to self-management guidelines is low. We propose a home based post-acute care service managed by advanced practice nurses to enhance patient activation and lead to the improvement of self-management adherence in heart failure patients discharged from rural hospitals.

Objective This article describes the study design and research methods used to implement and evaluate the intervention.

Method Our intervention is a 12-week patient activation (Patient AcTivated Care at Home [PATCH]) to improve self-management adherence. Patients were randomized into two parallel groups (12-week PATCH intervention + usual care vs. usual care only) to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention. Outcomes were measured at baseline, 3 and 6 months.

Discussion

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a rural theory based, advance practice nurse led, activation enhancing intervention on the self-management adherence in heart failure patients residing in rural areas. Our expectation is to facilitate adherence to self-management behaviors in heart failure patients following discharge from rural hospitals and decrease complications and hospital readmissions, leading to the reduction of economic burden. 

Clinical Trial Registration Information: ClinicalTrials.gov; https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/ NCT01964053
Alternative Systems of Corporate Taxation: Its Importance and Practical Application
Authors: Абдурахмонов  , Abdurakhmonov Khamzakhuzha
Published: May 2015

The paper considers recent trends in the field of corporate taxation. The significance and practical use of alternative corporate taxation systems under conditions of globalization are evaluated. Possibilities to expand taxable base through the use of alternative system of corporate income tax are also examined.
Strategic Planning in Municipal Entities Based on Socio-Cultural Potential
Authors: Верховская  , Verkhovskaya Elena
Published: May 2015

The current socio-economic situation at hand in the municipal entities, has

intensified their mutual competition for resources, required for successful

development of territories, of which these entities are in charge for. The paper

reveals the core of one of the approaches, relevant for resolving the said

problem. The author presents practical experience of applying socio-cultural

approach, which is based upon humanitarian resources of a territory, when

a municipal entity carries on strategic planning in order to elaborate programs

of socio-cultural development of municipal territory under its authority. Several

cases of successful implementation of the said approach by municipal entities

of the Tula Region are provided. Also, the paper provides overview of innovations

and guidelines in the sphere of strategic planning, stipulated by provisions of the

enacted Federal Law of the Russian Federation as of 28.06.2014 № 172-FZ

“On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation”.
Cost-Effectiveness of Methodologies to Develop Software for IT-Projects (As Exemplified by the “Waterfall” and the “Agile Development” Methodologies)
Authors: Иванов  , Ivanov A. , Иванова  , Ivanova O.
Published: May 2015

The paper considers issues related to the choice of more cost-effective

methodologies of developing software needed for implementation of ITprojects.

Also described are the most conventional methodologies of IT-projects

development, along with their main features, specifics and terms of use.

Factors, allowing to opt for the “waterfall” software development methodology

or for the agile development methodology are identified.
Approaches and Methods of Higher Education Quality Evaluation
Authors: Савина  , Savina Irina
Published: May 2015

The paper describes higher education as a value to service customer.

Approaches to quality evaluation must consider information value, treatment of

uncertainty, and formation of individual´s expectations. Various approaches are

currently used for higher education quality evaluation. Systems of ratings and

achievement indicators are developed to evaluate university education quality.
Treatment and outcomes of head and neck oedema referrals to a hospital-based lymphoedema service
Authors: Jeffs Eunice , Huit Martine
Published: May 2015

A retrospective review of all head and neck cancer-related lymphoedema (HNCRL) referrals from 1 October 2009 to 30 September 2013 was undertaken. HNCRL referrals significantly increased over a 4-year period. Lymphoedema clinic records were manually examined for the presentation of HNCRL, treatments provided, and outcomes. Some 207 HNCRL referrals were received, increasing by 251% from 2009 to 2013. A total of 110 men and 50 women were assessed and treated over the 4 years; 67% were discharged, 26% continued treatment/monitoring by clinic; 8% are deceased. The average time to discharge reduced from 16 to 5 months. From the results, it seems that self-management with exercise and counter-pressure/compression is very effective and the requirement for manual lymph drainage is reduced. There is increased patient engagement with effective self-care. Provision of appropriate education and information facilitated simple, effective self-management. This reduced treatment time, shortened time to discharge and released valuable practitioner time to treat patients with complex oedema.