bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The determination of correction factors for free-air ionization chamber calculation using monte carlo method
Authors: Rindhatayathon P , Koonkana K , Pungkun V
Published: January 2021

A free-air ionization chamber is used as the primary standard instrument for absolute measurement of air kerma for of X-ray beams. The evaluation of correction factors is a key importance for establishing the standard. Photon-scattering, and diaphragm transmission and scattering were taken into the accounts to reduce some photon phenomena. On the other hand, electron-loss factor which scatter from an electrode were used for electron compensates. In this research, Correction factors were calculated for each mono-energetic photon from 2 to 60 keV for low energy x-rays and 10 to 320 keV for medium energy x-rays by EGS5 code. The calculated corrections from a mono-energetic photon of W/Mo mammography x-rays were compared between effective energy and spectrum method. There is no significant difference between two methods.
Calibration of whole body counter for assessment of internal dose in the human body
Authors: Dararutana C , Abdullah N
Published: January 2021

In the Malaysian Nuclear Agency (Nuklear Malaysia), the ORTEC Whole Body Counter System, bed type was used for assessing internal dose due to intake of gamma radionuclides in the human body. In this study, the performance of ORTEC Whole Body Counter System includes energy calibration, counting efficiency, validation test and minimum detectable activity (MDA) for the radionuclides of interest (ROI) has been investigated using ORTEC whole body counter phantom and mixed standard sources having gamma energies between 59.5 keV and 1836.2 keV. Later, the whole body counting was performed to determine the existence of any gamma radionuclides in the body. The result of the energy calibration was within the tolerance limit of ± 5%. The counting efficiency varies between 0.0000881 cps/Bq and 0.000332 cps/Bq. The results of the validation test show that the bias (Br) and repeatability (SBr) are within the acceptable range of -0.25 ≤ Br ≤ +0.50 and SBr ≤ 0.40, respectively. The MDA for each ROI of I-131, Cs-137 and Co-60 were 165.4 ± 10.0 Bq, 144.6 ± 11.5 Bq and 167.3 ± 30.5 Bq, respectively. A total of 14 volunteers from Postgraduate Educational Course in Radiation Protection and Safety of Radioactive Sources (PGEC-16) were invited to perform the whole body counting. Each volunteer was scanned for 1200 s with the bed speed of 0.065 inch/s. The results show that there is no internal exposure found for all monitored person. Consequently, it can be concluded that the ORTEC Whole Body Counter System (WBC) is now ready to be used for internal dose assessment.
Laser excitation spectroscopy of beryllium heat treatment in synthetic ruby
Authors: Keawdonree Nuttapong , Monarumit Natthapong , Chomkokard Sakchai , Jinuntuya Noparit , Wongkokua Wiwat
Published: January 2021

Ruby is a gem variety of corundum (α-Al2O3) that is colored red by trivalent chromium (Cr3+) substituting for Al3+ in the corundum structure. Recently, the beryllium (Be) heat treatment has been practiced as a technique to enhance the color of ruby. The ruby will turn orange to be an orange sapphire as a result of the enhancement. Some advanced technics to identify the Be heat-treated orange sapphire have been developed such as laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). We studied the effect of Be atoms in the corundum structure using the red, green, blue and purple laser excitation spectroscopy with the wavelengths of 634 nm, 545 nm, 452 nm and 408 nm respectively. The fluorescence spectra were analyzed for unheated, normal heat treatment and Be heat treatment synthetic ruby samples. The fluorescence intensity of the Be-heated samples was lowest compared to the unheated and normal treated ones for both high and low Cr content.
Activated carbon derived from coconut shell chars for use as a cathode material in aluminium-ion batteries
Authors: Thanwisai P , Phuenhinlad P , Chaiyapo N , Kanaphan Y , Nash J , Chotsuwan C , Rattana-amron T , Klamchuen A , Meethong N
Published: January 2021

Aluminium-ion batteries (AIBs) are a promising energy storage system due to their significant advantages of low cost, high anode capacity and safety. Nevertheless, the critical challenge limiting AIB performance is an inadequate cathode capacity that diminishes their cell energy density. To overcome this limitation, it is important to develop novel cathode materials with high cathode capacity for AIBs. Herein, we report an activated carbon derived from coconut shell chars for use as a cathode material in AIBs. The activated carbon was synthesized via KOH activation and carbonization. The prepared cathode material exhibits a high specific capacity of 38 mAh g−1 at a high current density of 1 A g−1 due to its high specific surface area of 2686 m2 g−1, which is beneficial for chloroaluminate-ion accommodation. This result indicates that the activated carbon derived from coconut shell chars with its high surface area is electrochemically active and is likely to be a promising cathode material for AIBs.
Preparation and enhanced electrical breakdown strength of PVDF-TrFE-CTFE/PVDF-HFP film composites
Authors: Chaipo S , Putson C
Published: January 2021

Poly(vinylidenefluoride-trifluoroethylenechlorotrifuoroethylene), PVDF-TrFE-CTFE composite films with addition poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene), PVDF-HFP at different copolymer loading was prepared by using the tape casting solution method. Electrical breakdown strength (Eb) was measured by the dielectric breakdown test system and fitting the Eb by the Weibull model. The experimental results illustrated that the breakdown probability, P(E) of the neat terpolymer and copolymer film was 316 V/μm and 495 V/μm, respectively. In addition, the breakdown probability of composite films between terpolymer and copolymer is higher than the neat PVDF-TrFE-CTFE film, in which the value of Eb is almost double when compared with terpolymer film. We will discuss on their crystallinity, material homogeneity and crystalline size to provide the method to improve the electrical breakdown strength with addition copolymer for energy storage applications.
Preparation and characterization of nanostructured TiCrN thin films deposited from Ti-Cr mosaic target by reactive DC magnetron sputtering
Authors: Alaksanasuwan Siriwat , Buranawong Adisorn , Witit-Anun Nirun
Published: January 2021

In this research work, nanostructured thin films of TiCrN have been deposited on Si by reactive DC magnetron sputtering from a mosaic Ti-Cr target. The effects of nitrogen gas flow rates on the structure of the as-deposited TiCrN thin films were examined. The crystal structure, microstructure, surface morphology, thickness, and composition were characterized by GI-XRD, FE-SEM and EDS technique, respectively. The results revealed that the thin films were formed as a (Ti, Cr)N solid solution. The as-deposited thin films showed a nanocrystalline structure of TiCrN with the crystal sizes less than 45 nm. The lattice constants were in the range of 4.144 to 4.181 Å. The thickness of the TiCrN films decreased from 379 to 276 nm with increasing of the nitrogen gas flow rates. The nitrogen content of the as-deposited films was increased with increasing of the nitrogen gas flow rates, while the titanium and chromium content in the films were decreased. Finally, the TiCrN thin films showed compact columnar and dense morphology as a result of various the nitrogen gas flow rate.
Development of cornstarch-based hydrogel drug delivery patch controlled by the electric field for hypertension
Authors: Jaruchalermrat Phitchaphon , Niamlang Sumonman
Published: January 2021

To study electrical controlling drug delivery from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), PVA was prepared at various crosslink ratio. Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), which is used to treat high blood pressure, was selected as a model drug. The release characteristic of hydrochlorothiazide from PVA matrix was a studied by using modified franz diffusion cells at pH 7.4 and temperature of 37 °C for 48 h. The amounts of drug permeation was characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometry. The degree of swelling and mesh size of crosslinked PVA was investigated. The degree of swelling increase with decreasing crosslinking ratio. The amount of drug permeation is decreased with increasing crosslinking ratio which corresponded to degree of swelling. When external electric filed was applied, the amount of HCTZ increases with increasing electrical voltage due to electro-repulsion force and generation of micropore in pigskin. To increase solubility and biodegradability of hydrogel matrix, corn starch (CS) was blend with PVA hydrogel. For passive permeation, the amount of HCTZ permeation from PVA/CS and PVA at similar crosslinking ratio is 7.56 and 7.93%, respectively. Thus presenting of CS do not affect the permeation characteristic.
X-ray spectroscopy study of ancient glass beads at Hor-Ek, Thailand
Authors: Won-in K , Dararutana P
Published: January 2021

In ancient time, it is well known that glasses have been used in ornament and decorative objects in Thailand for several hundred years as implied by archaeological evidences such as glass beads and decorative glasses. In this work, the blue and red colored glass beads selected from the Hor-Ek archaeological site in Nakhon Pathom province (central Thailand) have been characterized chemical composition using a scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and a particle induced X-ray emission spectroscopy (PIXE). Cu-K-edge XANES (X-ray absorption near edge structure) of the selected samples is also carried out in fluorescent mode in order to determine the oxidation state. The results showed that the beads are all the LMHK-based glass (low magnesia, high potash). The red and blue tonalities are affected by copper with different oxidation states, and/or the summation of copper and cobalt. The shape and composition of these ancient glass beads are similar to those collected from other four sites in southern Thailand such as Khlong Thom, Phu Khao Thong, Nang Yon, and Thung Thuk and the foreign countries such as India, China, and Vietnam. These detailsindicate the long-distance trade and exchange network in ancient maritime.
Concentrations of 238U in selected Thai spices and the related dose assessment
Authors: Nochit P , Kulsawat W , Khunsamut J
Published: January 2021

Finger root, galangal, turmeric, and lemon grass are commonly used in Thai cuisine as spices and herbs. The radionuclide uranium accumulates in human diet can has toxic effects in human health such as kidney damage and neurological disorders. In this study, the concentrations of 238U in some selected spices commonly used in Thailand were determined and the annual effective doses (AED) were assessed. Four spices consisted of galangal, turmeric, lemon grass and finger root were sampling from Bang Krathum district, Phitsanulok during 2017-2018. The radioactivity of 238U in these spice samples were varied from 0.015 (below detection limit) to 2.79 Bq/kg fresh. The highest activity was recorded in finger root (2.79 ± 0.14) while the lowest was lemon grass (0.34 ± 0.06). The estimated AED determined in this study due to consumption of spices ranges from 0.004 to 0.781µSv/y and the total value for all four spices was 1.934 µSv/y. It was found that AED in this study is far below the International standard of average radiation dose of 290 µSv/y received per person worldwide due to intake of natural radionuclides in food. The results revealed insignificant radiological health hazard to the public due to the consumption of spices via foods. Based on these results, the spices samples from the studied area are considered radiological safe for human consumption. The results provide baseline values which may be useful in establishing rules and regulations relating to radiation protection.
A novel vibration sensor based on the near-field Talbot effect
Authors: Buathong S , Srisubphaphon S , Deachapunya S
Published: January 2021

A novel technique for vibration measurement is proposed using the near-field Talbot effect. The sensor is based on monitoring intensity modulation of interference patterns deviated from that at the Talbot distance. To achieve high sensitivity to mechanical vibrations, an asymmetric grating is employed to provide a small grating open fraction. Our theoretical outcomes show that the sensor resolution can be at micro and even nano scales. This practical vibration sensor can be useful in metrology and many industrial applications.
Development of a cost-effective remote explosives detection system based on Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Thongrom S , Kalasuwan P , van Dommelen P , Daengngam C
Published: January 2021

Near real-time detection and identification of explosives from safe distances remains a challenging defense technology that requires both scientific and engineering perspectives in the design and development. Here, we demonstrated a cost-effective standoff Raman system for detecting explosive materials from distances up to 30 m. The optical system consists of an 8-inch Schmidt–Cassegrain telescope for Raman scattering light collection, while a compact grism was used to generate Raman spectrogram. An image intensifier from night vision technology was incorporated for amplifying the extremely weak Raman spectrum to a level detectable by a thermoelectric-cooled CMOS camera. A nanosecond pulsed laser at 440 nm with peak power of 0.41 MW was used as an excitation source, and the standoff Raman measurement was performed for test samples, including Ba(NO3)2, BaSO4 and NaNO3 powders. The spectral resolution and signal-to-noise ratio performance of the system were evaluated for the samples placed at distances of 10, 20 and 30 m. It was found that the standoff Raman system can resolve such Raman spectra, showing clear characteristic peaks of Ba(NO3)2, BaSO4 and NaNO3 at 1,045.9, 986.4 and 1,066.5 cm−1, respectively. These spectrum results agree well with the Raman spectra obtained from a standard close-range Raman system.
Simulation of electric field strength in liquid lens from the concentric interdigitate electrode pattern
Authors: Duangkanya K , Kopwitthaya A , Malakit K , Infahsaeng Y
Published: January 2021

In this paper, the electric field distribution in designed liquid lens were simulated and demonstrated. The concentric interdigitate electrode was designed to generate the non-uniform electric field. Consequently, two liquid material on electrode undergoes dielectrophoresis (DEP) phenomenon and forming curvature can confine the incident light. Such two immiscible liquids were studied in the criteria of significant difference in dielectric constant such as Δε≈20. To be specific, the higher dielectric constant liquid as a lens material was first considered comparing to the ambient one. The simulation results reveal that, with fixed electrode width of 25 µm, the increasing gap of electrode from 25 to 125 µm can increase electric field strength at the lens apex from 237 to 386 V/m. Interestingly, the electric field strength was enhanced up to 533 V/m when the electrode width was increased. When the lower dielectric constant liquid was used as lens material, the electric field strength at the fixed width of 25 µm was increased from 16 to 71 V/m as the increasing gap from 25 to 125 µm. However, the low electric field strength of 63 V/m was obtained at broaden width of electrode. In both cases, the electric field strength is not significantly increased at the larger width for all conditions. Our model can be benefit for promising liquid lens design in term of low energy, cost reduction and compact device.
Fabrication of Holographic Grating by alternative setting of Michelson Interferometer
Authors: Inneam Chanikan , Srinuanjan Keerayoot
Published: January 2021

This paper presents the method and experimental results of the fabrication of holographic grating. The holographic grating was fabricated by using an alternative setting of Michelson Interferometer. In general, the interference pattern produces by Michelson interferometer is a circle fringe pattern. By an alternative setting of the interferometer, we could obtain a fringe pattern that has a linear shape. The angles between the two arms of Michelson interferometer, cross-beam angle, were adjusted until a linear interference pattern occurs. The interference pattern was projected onto a screen where a photoresist film is located. The photoresist film functional as a collective material of an interference pattern, i.e., a holographic grating. The film is developed and then fixed by a chemical process. By the chemical process, the holographic grating is permanence recorded on the film. After the fabrication process, we analyzed the physical properties of the holographic grating. We also measured the grating space by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Relationships between cross-beam angles and grating space are shown and discussed. Experimental results show that we could apply the proposed method to fabricate a holographic grating.
Classical test theory and Rasch analysis of test of understanding of vectors (TUV)
Authors: Ly C Y , Rakkapao S , Nualtong K , Sumathakulawat W
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to apply classical test theory (CTT) and Rasch analysis of item response theory (IRT) to investigate Thai participants’ understanding of vectors and the characteristics of the test of understanding of vectors (TUV). A Thai version of the 20-items TUV was administered to 1,021 first-year science and engineering students at Prince of Songkla University, before and after common instructions. Although the engineering students (pre-score = 62%) had a significantly higher background of vectors than the science students (pre-score = 24%), proved by the effect size of Cohen’s d, both groups have improved their learning into a medium level of the normalized gain (0.3 <  < 0.7) after the instructions. Both groups improved the most with a vector representation concept. The participants were found to have the most difficulties with the unit vector and the cross product. However, the TUV is fairly easy for the assessed Thai first-year students. Overall, the item difficulty index derived from CTT was in moderate range (0.33-0.69). The difficulty index of the Thai-TUV obtained from CTT and Rasch analysis has a strong correlation indicating a reliable assessment tool.
Development of a simple line-follower robot with constant acceleration motion
Authors: Buachoom A , Wuttisela K , Wuttiprom S
Published: January 2021

A simple line-follower robot is an automated guided vehicle that senses the black line on a white surface using infrared (IR) sensors and then sends the signal to the Arduino Nano microcontroller. It drives two simple DC motors attached with two wheels used to move the robot’s direction that is left, right, and forward according to the sensor’s output, and it can control the speed of DC motors from the L298N driver circuit. This research aims to develop a simple line-follower robot with constant acceleration motion as an educational tool. The design process would allow the robot to detect white and black surfaces, travel along a 3 m straight line with a constant acceleration, and permit acceleration with a smartphone sensor by the Phyphox application. The robot is equipped with the acceleration sensor of a smartphone that can collect acceleration data. The data are then graphed and analyzed using the Phyphox application in real-time. The robot is designed to help students change acceleration by adjusting the motor’s output pulse width modulation (PWM) signal from 0 to 255. The signal was set at 230, a value that can cause the robot to move with constant acceleration. The robot’s average acceleration is 0.65 m/s2. This project can help students to illustrate the acceleration concept in the form of a graph together with robot motion.
A new manometer with Arduino
Authors: Jaewijarn C , Wuttiprom S
Published: January 2021

Manometer, the U-shaped tube contains liquid, is the apparatus for measuring pressure. By reading the risen liquid level, the pressure can be obtained. Arduino is the microcontroller that plays a crucial role for physics instruction because the device is simple, inexpensive and accurate. Arduino can be connected with many types of probe, for example, lux meter, sound meter, pressure meter, etc. Due to its application, teaching physics with Arduino can draw students’ attention excellently. The purpose of the study was 1) to invent the new manometer with Arduino for measuring pressure at different level of dept and figuring out the buoyance force on the object 2) to improve students’ understanding in pressure and buoyance force. The participants were 40 students. The method for the study was a one-group pretest-posttest design including 10 three-tier questions. The finding indicated that 1) the new manometer was handy and accurate 2) students’ concept about pressure and buoyance force had been improved at the significant level of .05.
A study of the inverse square law using LCD display projectors
Authors: Fongsuwan C , Tipparach U
Published: January 2021

Physics experiments on the inverse square law of light was designed and built to help students conduct experiments and learn about the inverse square law of light using LCD display projectors or High Temperature Poly-Silicon (HTPS). LCD displays can be served as two-dimensional gratings. The results show that when a laser light source with the wavelength of 532 nm passes through LCD display projectors, the diffraction patterns are generated on the screen. This pattern can be used to study the inverse square law of light. The correlation between the related variables is 0.997.
Smartphone as monitor of the gravitational acceleration: A classroom demonstration and student experiment
Authors: Kittiravechote A , Sujarittham T
Published: January 2021

As the development of technology, smartphones today come with various sensors to mediate a nicer customer use. This paves the way for new perspectives on using smartphones as the laboratory tools. Accordingly, this paper presents how smartphone determining of the magnitude of gravitational acceleration (g) may be made, describes a classroom demonstration, cites a reported experiment designed to obtain the necessary data, and suggests a student experiment to calculate the magnitude of g. The depth of the mathematical analysis of the data can easily be adjusted to the level of the class such as arithmetic mean, slope of graph plotted by hand, and slope of graph plotted by excel. After conducting the experiment with 33 students, major in program of general science, faculty of education, Bansomdejchaopraya Rajabhat University (BSRU), the students report the magnitude of gravitational acceleration nearly the theoretical value (g = 9.78 m/s2 at Bangkok; provided by the National Institute of Metrology (Thailand)) with a percentage difference less than 2%. We highlight the advantage of this experiment with the use of low-cost means and everyday devices in the classroom as a way of gathering empirical data about moving objects.
Option pricing for rice by using Feynman path integral
Authors: Sawetpiyakul Panus , Hirunsirisawat Ekapong , Yoo-Kong Sikarin , Termsaithong Teerasit
Published: January 2021

The options are contracts that give a holder the right to buy or sell an underlying asset at the specific price before or on the expiration date. In return, the holder must pay the premium, the price of an option, to the seller in order to make contracts. As the financial problem occurs with many Thai farmers because of the fluctuation of agricultural product price. In this work, we try to price the American put option by using Feynman path integral in order to create the rice price insurance. The numerical procedures are separated into 2 parts. Firstly, the Atlantic path is determined by quasi-European method. Secondly, hybrid lattice Monte-Carlo method is used to simulate the underlying asset price path in order to evaluate the expectation profit of the option, or the premium. Moreover, the volatility rate of rice price is determined. As a result, the premium of American put option for rice is determined, and there is a deviation less than 8% comparing with Monte Carlo valuation with LSM algorithm in these examples. However, the result suggests that in this work’s assumption, the option pricing by using Feynman path integral is not effective to be used.
The application of UV-C light for a DIY fabricated device to reduce bad smell in boxing gloves
Authors: Thepnurat Meechai , Sangto Paritchaya , Jaisuk Nutnicha , Saphet Parinya , Supawan Kanitta , Tong-On Anusorn , Klaewklar Kan
Published: January 2021

Currently, boxing and Muay Thai are popular sports and exercises around the world. Foul-smell in boxing gloves becomes a problem that needs to be eliminated before the next training session. The musty smell in boxing gloves is caused by accumulation of sweat and bacteria from the boxer’s hands. The process of eliminating odor using UV-C light can be the solution. In this research, the application of UV-C light was used to fabricate a DIY (Do it yourself) device to reduce bad smell in boxing gloves. Use of a UV-C light at a wavelength of 253.7 nm could remove musty smells within 30 minutes. The odor level in the boxing glove was measured by the electronic nose system, which was made up from 3 gas sensors. The results showed that UV-C light was able to reduce bad smell in boxing gloves up to 90%.
Implementation of quantum random walk on a real quantum computer
Authors: Puengtambol Warat , Prechaprapranwong Prapong , Taetragool Unchalisa
Published: January 2021

A random walk is one of the widely adopted random processes for simulation and approximation in multiple areas of science and engineering. Quantum random walk is an analog version of the classical random walk. It was first introduced in 1993 by Y. Aharonov et al. They presented that, with the nature of quantum characteristic, the average length of the walking path on a line is possible to larger than a classical random walk can produce. Therefore, the quantum random walk can be used as a tool to construct many other quantum algorithms. Moreover, it can solve graph problems that many real-world problems can be formulated. However, quantum algorithms are only useful in practice if we can implement them efficiently on a quantum computer. In this study, we are then interested in designing and implementing a quantum circuit that can be run on a real quantum computing device. We firstly focus on the most straightforward, which is a one-dimension, quantum random walk algorithm. Then, the quantum circuits are developed and implemented on a real quantum computer and a quantum computing simulator using software development kits provided by IBM. Lastly, the performance and results of the quantum circuits tested on both computing platforms are presented.
Evolution, structure and dynamics of the Thai stock market: A network perspective
Authors: Saichaemchan Somphoach , Bhadola Pradeep
Published: January 2021

We study 115 stocks from the Thai Stock Market (SET) from 2006 to 2015. The evolution of correlations between stocks is estimated for different periods of world major financial events and the effect of these global financial events on the Thai stock market is studied. A spectral analysis of the correlation matrix based on random matrix theory is done. The evolution and dynamics of threshold networks derived from the correlation matrix are studied. The entropic measure on the eigenvector gives the information contained in each eigenvector which shows that eigenvector on lower side of spectrum are highly localized as compared to higher side of spectrum. The evolution of various topological properties of network are investigated. Thai stock market is found to be less robust during the global financial crisis.
A cellular automation traffic flow model for traffic light signal management in intersection system with and without random driving behaviour
Authors: Manomairoj S , Chayanuwong T , Hiransirawat S , Disrattakit J , Disrattakit P
Published: January 2021

In this study, traffic light management in intersection system was simulated based on cellular automata traffic flow model. Characteristic of vehicles flow is defined according to the NS model. Our model was developed by adding driving behaviours, which are randomly defined in different maximum vehicle speed of mixed flow for two-lane traffic flow without lane-changing. The relation between time duration of traffic light signal and the traffic flow by analyzing vehicle density and averaged speed were investigated. The results show that the time duration of traffic light signal affects the traffic flow. Our model can be used to find the appropriated time duration to handle the traffic and can eventually reduce traffic jam. Additionally. Our result also presents an effect of the driving behaviour on the traffic flow.
Increase in surface hardness of stainless steel through graphene growth on stainless steel surface by chemical vapor deposition using waste vegetable oil as a carbon source
Authors: Surinlert P , Chuenoppakun P , Ruammaitree A
Published: January 2021

Stainless steel has been widely utilized due to it high resistance of corrosion, rust, and stain more than ordinary steel. However, a hardness of stainless-steel surface is not high resulting in engineering applications of stainless steel are limited. Graphene is an extremely hard material therefore the growth of graphene on stainless steel can increase the surface hardness of stainless steel. Vegetable oil consists of triglyceride which has abundant carbon in the constituent. Vegetable oil has been widely used for cooking. After the cooking, a huge amount of the waste vegetable oil is flushed down the drain resulting in water pollution. However, the waste vegetable oil still contains abundant carbon which can be used as a carbon source for graphene growth on stainless steel by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). In this study, the surface hardening of stainless steel through graphene growth on stainless steel by CVD using waste palm oil as a carbon source is demonstrated. The results show that the fourth-used palm oil can be utilized as a carbon source for the growth of graphene on stainless steel by CVD. Moreover, the graphene growth on stainless steel by CVD using the fourth-used palm oil can increase the surface hardness of stainless steel by 175%.
Design and Implementation of Trainer Kit for Hybrid On-Grid Solar Power Generation System
Authors: Ali M , Wardhana A S J , Damarwan E S , Muhfizaturrahmah  , Yuniarti  , Bagas W.S.
Published: January 2021

New and renewable energy is one of the hot issues discussed by various energy experts in many countries. As a country that has enormous renewable energy potential, Indonesia has not utilized it optimally. One of the reasons is the inadequate learning of new and renewable energy in schools and colleges. This article will discuss the design and implementation of a Trainer Kit for Hybrid On-Grid Solar Power Generation System (TK-HOGS). With this Trainer Kit, it is hoped that vocational education students will increase their competence in new and renewable energy. This study uses a research and development approach that adopts the ADDIE model. The development stages include Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The results showed: (1) The TK-HOGS can produce an average power of 22.74 Watt with an estimated electrical energy of 136 WH and (2) Media experts and electric power engineers stated that this TK-HOGS is “Very Good” and very suitable to be used to help lecturers in carrying out learning.
MFRC522 RFID Technology Implementation for Conventional Merchant with Cashless Payment System
Authors: Dewanto S A , Munir M , Wulandari B , Alfian K
Published: January 2021

This article discusses how technological innovation develops to support conventional merchants by implementing RFID for a fast and easy payment solution. This payment uses a contactless smart card as a medium for electronic money or e-Money. This e-Money card can be obtained through a cashier available at merchants and e-Money balance can also be topped up by registering the card first. This cashless machine uses Arduino UNO as a microprocessor, MFRC522, Micro SD Module and 16x02 LCD Display. This cashless machine does not require internet to access the database and can also be used immediately without problems. This cashless machine can work within a range of 3cm for e-Money card detection with the fastest response time of 0.1s and takes a long time to process a balance of 1.4s. This machine is equipped with a menu variant selection at merchants using a serial monitor display integrated on the Arduino UNO.
Digitalization Strategy and Convergence of Media Adaptation in the Digital Era (case study on TVRI Yogyakarta)
Authors: Jean N , Ispandriarno L S
Published: January 2021

Recently, the digital era is evidenced by new technologies that contribute to the development of all activities of human life. Currently, the television industry is affected by the presence of digital television and media convergence due to the rapid technological development and the existence of the 4.0 industry revolution. The media industry is required to move on with the updated technology to provide its content in a good and rapid way. This study aims to analyze the issues facing TVRI Yogyakarta while trying to adapt the digitalization strategy and convergence of media in the digital era. In this study, the researcher used a qualitative method. The results found out that digital technology uses a spectrum of higher quality in terms of video, audio, and television data sets, Digital Television Broadcasting (DVB) can support more than one program on the same bandwidth channel. Shifting from analog to digital and competition are some of the problems faced by TVRI Yogyakarta while trying to adapt the digitalization strategy. To avoid facing digitalization strategy challenges, all Public Broadcasting Institutions engaged in television need to prepare themselves well to remain competitive and show their quality.
Kano Model Analysis of Android Apps Quality from End User’s Preferences
Authors: Putra R A S , Priyanto
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to explore the end user’s preferences regarding the features of an android app by classifying them with the Kano Model. The list of features was based on ISO/IEC 25010 combined with Android Core App Quality Guidelines. This expert system android app which is named ‘Pilih Media’ is used to help teachers selecting learning media based on Anderson’s theory of learning media selection. Respondents in this study were 50 teachers. Kano model was used in this study as a guideline in making questionnaires and also analyzing the data. From the study, it can be concluded that there are 17 features classified as the Attractive requirement category, six features classified as One-dimensional category, one feature classified as Must-be category, and five features classified as the Indifferent category. Overall, it seems that a lot of features have the potential to increase the end user’s satisfaction.
An Analysis on the Need for Mobile Learning-Based Interactive Learning Media in Vocational High School
Authors: Ninghardjanti P , Indrawati C D S , Dirgatama C H A , Wirawan A W
Published: January 2021

Technology development encourages many changes, one of which occurs in education realm resulting in the concept of learning media. The presence of online learning media will be effective and efficient, because learning can be done not only in face-to-face (physical) meeting between teachers and students, but also whenever and wherever the students are. However, in fact, most teachers found some constraints with managing the archiving learning and students often complained in the archiving learning; for that reason, a mobile learning-based interactive multimedia should developed. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach, analyzing the result of interview with the teachers of Archiving subject in Vocational High Schools throughout ex-Surakarta residency. The students expect that the problem in the lesson can be minimized by the teachers by providing a mobile learning-based interactive multimedia learning media. The use of mobile learning interactive multimedia is expected to facilitate the learning process anytime and anywhere and to attract the students’ learning interest in archiving subject.
Markerless Augmented Reality in Construction Engineering Utilizing Extreme Programming
Authors: Hasanah N , Triyono M B , Pratama G N I P , Fadliondi  , Paramartha I G N D
Published: January 2021

This study aims to build Android-based Markerless Augmented Reality as a learning media in the Construction field, specifically Bridge material for vocational students. This study applies the Extreme programming method, which consists of the Planning, Design, Coding, and Testing stages. The developers and potential users performed the tests. The Functional Usability test results using Black-Box testing reveal that all features in the application can operate successfully. In terms of compatibility, the application is declared very suitable for use. The application has proven successful in running on several kinds of Android smartphones with different versions and screen resolutions. Meanwhile, in terms of Usability, the application acquires an eligibility percentage of 84.2%. Users find it easy to operate the application since they can immediately run 3D objects wherever they are, without being limited by the presence of markers. They consider being freer to run AR applications. However, the Markerless application that has been built can only be operated on Android smartphones version 7.0 and above.
Design of Vocational Education Self-Evaluation System Based-on Semantic Web Ontology
Authors: Ali M , Falakh F M
Published: January 2021

Educational institutions need to carry out regular self-evaluations to improve quality. These activities include evaluation and reflection on internal and external conditions in order to formulate future work programs. Self-evaluation needs to be supported by complete data relating to the condition of the institution. One of the problems in implementing self-evaluation is collecting data that is spread across various systems, either manual, computer, or online. In practice, data integration requires a long time and accuracy. One way to solve this problem is to develop a self-evaluation system using semantic web technology. This paper will discuss the semantic technology-based study program self-evaluation system. The method used is system development, which consists of 5 stages, namely 1) analysis, 2) design, 3) development, 4) implementation and 5) evaluation. This paper focuses on the analysis and design of self-evaluation systems based on semantic web ontology. The results showed that the concept of semantic web technology could be implemented in a self-evaluation system that has been developed and results in better performance.
Determinants of Lectures’ E-learning Usage in Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Based on Extended Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: Priyanto  , Destiana B , Walipranoto P , Irfan R
Published: January 2021

Several studies have suggested that behavioral and social factors influence the implementation of e-learning apart from technological mechanisms. Therefore, this study aims to prove the significance of these factors related to the acceptance and use of e-learning by lecturers at Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. This study used a modified Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by including four additional constructs, namely job relevance, coercive pressure, mimetic pressure, and normative pressure. This ex post facto study administered an online survey to collect data from lecturers at Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta who have used e-learning, represented by Faculty of Engineering, Faculty of Education, Faculty of Language and Arts, Faculty of Social Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, and Faculty of Sports Science. The data were analyzed using the partial least square (PLS) approach. The findings indicated that first, the strongest determinants of perceived usefulness were the variables of perceived ease of use and mimetic pressure, then followed by variables of normative pressure, job relevance, and coercive pressure. Second, the factors that influence behavioral intention are variables of perceived usefulness, job relevance, and perceived ease of use. Meanwhile, the coercive pressure variable was not proven to affect behavioral intention. Third, the factor that has a significant influence on actual usage is behavioral intention. This study mainly demonstrated that the strongest aspect influencing lecturers to use e-learning was the intention to use. Meanwhile, the strongest aspects that influence the intention to use are perceived benefits, followed by job relevance, and ease of use.
Visibility Ranking of University E-Learning Websites -CRITIC Method Approach
Authors: Jati Handaru , Nurkhamid  , Wardani Ratna
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine the factors that affect the visibility of a website on a search engine and determine the ranking of visibility based on the variables that influence it. Based on the literature review, it was found that the variables that affect the visibility of the website are 9 criteria. Data collection was carried out on 7 e-learning websites of universities in Indonesia which have the mandate to organize teacher professional programs. The ranking mechanism is done by normalizing the data from several variables that have different units and dimensions, followed by finding the weight of each variable using the CRITIC method, which is one of the objective methods of multicriteria decision analysis. The results of weight processing show that the keyword usage level domain variable is the most important variable, and domain level link authority features are the least significant effect on website visibility, while the ranking of visibility shows that Yogyakarta State University has the best ranking. A fairly efficient methods of CRITIC could be modelled with any number of criteria and alternatives that the problem has, since its procedure is very clear and concise.
Intelligent Attendance System with Face Recognition using the Deep Convolutional Neural Network Method
Authors: Nurkhamid  , Setialana Pradana , Jati Handaru , Wardani Ratna , Indrihapsari Yuniar , Norwawi Norita Md
Published: January 2021

Recording student attendance in lectures can be done in several ways, namely giving initials on the attendance sheet or by the lecturer calling each student and then giving a checkmark on the attendance sheet or attendance recording system. This method is inefficient because it is done repeatedly at every meeting, resulting in reduced lecturing time. Some researchers are trying to develop various ways to overcome this, such as using fingerprints, Internet of Things devices, cards with RFID technology, QR codes, and smartphones. However, these technologies require many devices, and they may be costly. The purpose of this research is to develop an intelligent attendance system with facial recognition technology that can identify many people simultaneously without having to make direct contact using the Deep Convolutional Neural Network method. The system is then tested and analyzed for its accuracy in identifying and recording student attendance. The results of research conducted on 16 students in a lecture show that the system can be used to record student attendance with an accuracy of 81.25% in the condition that the student facing forward, 75.00% in the student condition facing sideways, and 43.75% in the student condition facing down.
Important Ways in Designing Vocational Secondary School Teacher Development Education and Training
Authors: Kholis N , Supriyadi E , Mardapi D
Published: January 2021

A mid-level labor preparation having the qualification and competency appropriate with working world needs is a task from vocational secondary school (VSS). Now days, VSS become an attention by wide community, as a result of the existence of government policy which is trying to empowering vocational secondary education. The policy taken is by performing the revitalization of vocational school which has the aim to improve the quality of labor competitiveness. One of the programs is teacher quality improvement through various teacher training. However, relating to this case, it is suspected that the previous vocational school teacher training is less effective, so that it needs to be conducted the analysis about the teacher training implementation. Therefore, this article will be elaborated the ways needed to be conducted in improving the educational quality and vocational school teacher development training. The ways should be considered when it is planned and implemented the effective training program, such as: determining the needs, setting the goal, determining the content of learning, selecting the participants, determining the best schedule, selecting the appropriate facilities, selecting the proper instructor, selecting and preparing the audiovisual equipment, coordinating the program and evaluating the program.
Developing a Demonstration Video on Making Dry Banana Preferred by Generation Z
Authors: Anggraeni A A , Surya R A
Published: January 2021

The student of vocational high school nowadays are classified as generation Z. They are common to use information and communication technology. They prefer audio-visual learning media rather than podcast recording or text media. This study aimed to develop a video on making dry banana for the Agriculture Product Processing course and assessing the video’s feasibility. This study was a research & development (R&D) study using the 4D (define, design, develop, and disseminate) approach. Analysis of content, curriculum, and student needs was carried out in the define stage. The scriptwriting and production team selection was conducted in the design stage. Video recording, editing, and feasibility test from experts were performed in the development stage. The video was evaluated by two content experts and one media expert. In the disseminate stage, thirty students as prospective consumers evaluated the video feasibility. The data were analyzed descriptively. The video was in the mp4 format and had a duration of 13 minuter and 13 seconds. The video has been provided with high-definition images, captions, pictures, 2D animations, transitions, and effects. The experts and the students rated this video to be very feasible to be used as instructional media.