bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Etiology and clinical features of non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae infection in an inland city in China
Authors: Xiang Yu-Han , Hu Qin-Qin , Liu Yan , Sheng Rui , Wang Jie , Li Wen-Jing , Shi Jian , Li Xue , Lu Shu-Hua
Published: February 2023

Non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae (NOVC) causes various illnesses ranging in severity from mild to life-threatening but were ignored previously. Knowledge of the NOVC infection, particularly bacteremia, is limited because of its rarity. Here we first retrospectively reported the demographic, clinical, and therapy characteristics of patients with NOVC infection. Isolated NOVC stains were identified by a series of biochemical, mass spectrometry (MS), and serum agglutination tests. The results of 11 patients with NOVC infection (including 8 with bacteremia) with a median age of 68 years were included in this report. Most isolated NOVC strains had antibiotic susceptibility. Patients with NOVC-positive were distributed in various departments, most occurring in gastroenterology (6 cases). Hepatic disease was the most common comorbid disease, followed by diabetes (3 cases) and biliary tract disease (3 cases). Two cases were previously healthy. The most common symptom at presentation was fever. All patients presented with abnormal changes in hematology and inflammatory parameters. Cephalosporins were the most frequently used antibiotics. Ten patients had a favorable outcome after treatment; one died from complicated underlying diseases. In summary, we recommend the timely identification of NOVC strains using MALDI-TOF-MS. The suspicion of NOVC bacteremia cannot be ruled out regardless of the host’s immune status. An alternative therapeutic regimen for this infection may be β-lactam antibiotics or combined with β-lactamase inhibitors. Regardless, the specific therapeutic regimen should be based on the antibiogram data.
User-friendly Streets for a Walkable, Liveable and Sustainable Environment: A Review
Authors:   Centre for Innovative Architecture & Built Environment (SErAMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Khalaf Omar Abdulwahhab , Ja`afar Nor Haslina ,   Secretariat of National Identity Architecture, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Published: February 2023

Streets are an important element of freely accessible public space and constitute the most significant manifestation of the public domain. They exist to cater for the social and leisure requirements of the public and have a positive association with economic development, public physical well-being and help establish an environment of communal bonding. It is therefore crucial that streets are friendly to all users, a public space which provides a liveable environment for pedestrians with a walkable environment that is inviting, safe, aesthetically pleasing, and equipped with sufficient pedestrian amenities. Thus, this paper aims to examine the physical design features and characteristics of user- friendly streets that contribute to a liveable environment. This review of the literature on liveability and user- friendly streets indicates that many factors influence the degree of liveliness and form and finds that the physical design and characteristics like Proportion and dimension, Sense of enclosure, Scale of street, Transparency, Unity and Quality of View. Also finds the qualities of a user-friendly street such as, Comfort and convenient, Safety and security, and Accessibility and linkages. All factors based on the purpose of physical forms and appearances, socio-economic and characteristics of both users and the residents. As such, a well-designed street environment is essential with the streets as ‘public space’ which can enhance their liveable environments in advance.
Effect of Solidity on Power Performance of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
Authors:   Institut Penyelidikan Tenaga Suria (SERI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Ramlee Muhamad Fadhli , Fazlizan Ahmad ,   Institut Penyelidikan Tenaga Suria (SERI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Mat Sohif ,   Institut Penyelidikan Tenaga Suria (SERI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
Published: February 2023

Wind energy is one of the potential renewable energy sources and a great alternative to replace conventional power generation using coal and fossil fuel that heavily contribute to climate change. Recently, small scale vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) has received growing interest as wind energy converter due to its suitability to be used in low wind speed area. Hence, this paper is intended to evaluate numerically the effect of solidity, by varying turbine diameter, on power performance of VAWT using computational fluid dynamic (CFD) technology. A series of two-dimensional CFD simulations was performed on a three-bladed H-type Darrieus rotor equipped with symmetrical NACA0018 blades. Performance evaluation on 3 turbine configurations with different diameter; i.e. 1.0 m, 0.6 m and 0.43 m was performed over a range of tip speed ratio, λ with an incoming velocity of 8.0 m/s. The simulation results clearly show that low solidity turbine performed better at high values of λ and has wider operating range while turbine with low solidity performed better at low λ and has better self-starting capability. The results lend ubstantially to our understanding of solidity effect on performance of VAWT in order to develop an ideal design of VAWT that can operate optimally in complex wind condition.
The Evolvement of Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Commercial Aluminum Alloy 6061 via High-Pressure Torsion
Authors:   Mechanical Engineering Programme, Center for Engineering Materials and Smart Manufacturing (MERCU), Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Nuphairode Cheeranan Krutsuwan , Mohamed Intan Fadhlina ,   Mechanical Engineering Programme, Center for Engineering Materials and Smart Manufacturing (MERCU), Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Lamin Fauziana ,   Mechanical Engineering Programme, Center for Engineering Materials and Smart Manufacturing (MERCU), Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Wan Zamri Wan Fathul Hakim ,   Mechanical Engineering Programme, Center for Engineering Materials and Smart Manufacturing (MERCU), Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Omar Mohd Zaidi ,   Mechanical Engineering Programme, Center for Engineering Materials and Smart Manufacturing (MERCU), Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Horita Zenji ,   Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
Published: February 2023

A precipitation-hardened AA6061 alloy is processed by high-pressure torsion (HPT) technique which has demonstrated its success in refining grain structures up to the nanometer-scale. With the aim of upscaling the strengthen lightweight materials for larger applications, this study is essential to analyse the related strengthening mechanisms for further strengthening potential and microstructure alteration on sample with extra diameter size. This severe plastic deformation (SPD) technique simultaneously contributes to an intensification of dislocation density which caused by the grain refinement. This study presents properties enhancement of 30mm diameter of AA6061 alloy after being compressed at 4GPa pressure and subjected to a 0.2 rpm torsional force for 1 and 3 turn(s) at room temperature. For the result testing, Vickers microhardness, tensile test, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used as to analyse the mechanical properties as well as the microstructure changes. As a result, grain structures were refined to 200nm, and its mechanical properties, such as tensile strength and hardness is enhanced to ±600MPa and ±172HV, respectively. The homogeneity of hardness is increased with the number of turns or the torsional strain applied. For this particular aluminium alloy, the grain refinement and grain boundary hardening were identified as the main hardening mechanisms by the process of HPT.
Alexander N. Yavorsky (to the 75th anniversary of his birth)
Authors: Romanov Boris K.
Published: February 2023

This year marks the 75th anniversary of the famous pharmacologist Alexander Nikolaevich Yavorsky.
They called him “the Divine messenger”. To the 100th anniversary of Christiaan N. Barnard.
Authors: Pugovkin Andrey P. , Erkudov Valeriy O.
Published: February 2023

This paper is devoted to the 100th anniversary of Christiaan N. Barnard (19222001) a South African cardiac surgeon, humanitarian activist and writer who implemented the first human heart transplantation. By the middle of 1960-s about a dozen clinics all over the world were technically ready for this kind of injury, being opposed by legal uncertainty and prejudice. Somebody had to have enough courage and responsibility to overcome these obstacles. It was Barnard who did it. On December 3, 1967, at Groote Schuur University Hospital in Cape Town, he replaced the failing heart of 54-year-old Louis Washkansky with the healthy heart of 25-year-old Denise Darvall, who had died with extensive brain damage from a car accident. This event not only opened a new page in open-heart surgery. As clinical firsts, Barnards heart transplantations were great miraculous medical successes that fueled a kind of media frenzy. They were considered to be a world sensation comparable to early space flights, and his personal popularity comparable to that of movie stars. Barnards professional activity. that saved many hundreds of human lives, lasted until he retired in 1983 to devote the rest of his life to charity and humanitarian projects. His antiracist novel The unwanted as well as non-fictions One Life and 50 ways to a healthy heart became the world bestsellers. In our time more than 3500 patients receive new hearts worldwide annually. More than half of the treated patients are expected to survive longer than for 10 years. It is the best monument in memory of this outstanding surgeon and humanist.
Amniotic fluid is a marker of the condition of the fetus. Is it so?
Authors: Bezhenar Vitaly F. , Ivanova Lidiia A. , Ivanov Dmitry O. , Krasnogorskaya Olga L.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: In the presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid, childbirth is usually classified as a high-risk group, which leads to an expansion of indications for operative delivery. Also in the literature there are indications of an increase in the frequency of the birth of a child in a state of asphyxia, with premature rupture of amniotic fluid.

AIM: The aim of this study is to determine the significance of the influence of meconium color of amniotic fluid and the duration of the anhydrous period on the birth of a child in a state of asphyxia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted between the two groups in 12,342 women delivered at the Perinatal Center of the Pediatric University.

RESULTS: Meconium coloration of amniotic fluid was 2 times more common in the presence of hypoxia, and 5 times more common in the presence of severe fetal hypoxia during full-term pregnancy, while in premature pregnancy, the child was born in a state of asphyxia, regardless of the color of the amniotic fluid. Premature rupture of amniotic fluid occurred at the birth of a full-term baby in a state of asphyxia statistically significantly more often, although the duration of the anhydrous period did not have statistically significant differences in the groups.

CONCLUSIONS: Premature rupture of amniotic fluid at the birth of a premature baby had no differences in the groups with and without asphyxia, however, the duration of the anhydrous period was statistically significantly longer in patients who gave birth to children in a state of asphyxia. With an anhydrous interval of 26 hours or more, the risk of having a child in a state of moderate and severe asphyxia increased. The risk of ascending infection of the placenta of the third stage during preterm labor increased with an anhydrous interval of more than 53 minutes, which confirms the feasibility of prescribing antibiotic therapy for premature rupture of amniotic fluid during preterm pregnancy at the time of diagnosis of this condition, regardless of the planned obstetric tactics.
COVID-19'A BAĞLI YAŞANAN KORKUNUN ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE DUYGUSAL İŞTAH VE YEME DAVRANIŞLARINA ETKİSİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: TURANLI Fidan Nur , ARSLAN Sedat
Published: February 2023

Giriş: Bu calışmanın amacı, COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde örgün eğitimin sekteye uğraması, alışılagelmiş ya da beklenen üniversite hayatı sürecinin sekteye uğramasıyla birlikte gelişen olumsuz duyguların ve yaşanan korkunun duygusal iştah ve yeme davranışlarına etkisini değerlendirmektir.

Yöntem: Araştırma kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tipte bir çalışmasıdır. İstanbul Okan Üniversitesi öğrencilerinden 385 öğrenci araştırmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Çalışmada katılımcılara; Covid-19 Korkusu Ölçeği, Duygusal İştah Anketi, Hollanda Yeme Davranışı ölçekleri uygulanmış olup 24 saatlik Besin Tüketim Kaydı’da alınmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırmada COVID-19’un duygusal yeme ve dışsal üzerinde etkisinin olmadığı (p>0.05), kısıtlayıcı yeme üzerinde %1.6 arttırıcı etkisi olduğu (p
Improving an online higher education pharmacology course based on students’ perception
Authors: Traetta Marianela E. , Viola María S. , Minoia Juan Mauricio
Published: February 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak transformed education thoroughly. Our in-classroom Pharmacology course had to be adapted precipitously into a completely online modality. Hence, we aimed to evaluate its efficacy for learning and improve it based on our students’ perception.
Methods: Semi-open questionnaires were designed and applied at the end of the 2020 and 2021 courses to assess students’ satisfaction on the following fields: eLearning platform, lectures, synchronous discussion section, asynchronous collaborative work, and assessments. Data from the first online course was analyzed and evidence-based improvements were performed for the 2021 course. Quantitative comparison of cohorts was carried out. Furthermore, students’ perception from the last in-person course (2019) was analyzed.
Results: The 2019-course questionnaire demonstrated a good acceptance towards an incipient use of the virtual campus. Comparison of the complete online cohorts revealed a significant increase in positive answers in six items: complementarity of lectures with discussion sections (85% vs. 100%), teaching strategy (30% vs. 84%), adequacy of faculty’s role (47% vs. 79%), pre- and post-class activities (30% vs. 55%), wording of exercises (30% vs. 55%) and assessments (50% vs. 97%). Moreover, a modification of the students’ requests expressed in the comment section was observed.
Conclusions: Custom-designed semi-open questionnaires used to evaluate students’ perception and receiving feedback on the Pharmacology course provided high quality information to promote student-oriented changes that allowed for an improvement in the teaching-learning process.
Celastrus paniculatus and memantine prevent alcohol dependence and improve decision making in alcohol dependent C57BL6 mice
Authors: Pooja S. G. , Raut Sanket B. , Kamat Sandhya K. , Satam Sonali D. , Marathe Padmaja A. , Rege Nirmala N.
Published: February 2023

Background: Alcohol use disorder poses a huge burden with only a handful of approved drugs. AUD is associated with impaired decision-making that leads to compulsive drinking despite negative consequences. A drug that decreases alcohol consumption as well as improves decision-making may thus prove more useful. This study was planned to evaluate the effect of two drugs, Celastrus paniculatus and memantine on alcohol preference and decision impairment in alcohol-dependent mice.
Methods: In part 1, the effect of both the study drugs on alcohol consumption was studied using intermittent access model in 70 male C57BL6 mice. In part 2, effect of drugs on decision making was studied using the rodent version of Iowa gambling task. Mice were divided in seven study groups: Group 1-3: Celastrus paniculatus (140, 280, and 560 mg/kg), Group 4: memantine (25 mg/kg), Group 5: vehicle control 1 (Milk), Group 6: vehicle control 2 (normal saline) and Group 7: naltrexone(1mg/kg).
Results: Percentage alcohol preference was lower in test groups i.e., Celastrus paniculatus at medium (40.90±15.18%) and high doses (31.79±7.46%) vs. milk (82.74±8.53%; p<0.05); and in memantine group (36.28±10.99%) vs. normal saline (83.27±5.51%; p<0.05). The results were not significantly different to Naltrexone (19.70±6.90%). Percentage preference to disadvantageous arms was also lower in Celastrus paniculatus, at medium (50.52±1.92%) and high doses (48.11±2.43%) compared to milk (54.47±2.73%; p<0.05) and memantine (47.45±1.67%) compared to normal saline (54.00±2.73%; p<0.05), indicating better decision-making ability in the test groups. The findings were comparable to Naltrexone group (45.43±2.52%).
Conclusions: These results indicate that Celastrus paniculatus and memantine reduce alcohol consumption and improve decision making in alcohol-dependent mice.
A prospective, randomised, open label study to compare efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine and teneligliptin in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus refractory to concomitant metformin and glimepiride
Authors: Anand Manisha , Randhawa Gurpreet Kaur , Salwan Surinder Kumar
Published: February 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus is chronic, metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, which over time causes both microvascular and macrovascular complications. If HbA1c target is not achieved with dual therapy then 3rd drug is added. Aims of present study were to compare efficacy and safety of Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and Teneligliptin in patients of T2DM who are refractory to concomitant Metformin and Glimepiride.
Methods: It was interventional, randomized, prospective, parallel and open-label study. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups either HCQ 400mg OD or Teneligliptin 20mg OD were added to their current treatment using Metformin 1gm BD and Glimepiride 4 mg OD as 3rd drug. Follow up was done every 15 days for 12 weeks and underwent assessment of glycaemic parameters (FBS, PPG, HbA1c), LFT, RFT, CBC, ADRs and VAS in addition to anthropometric parameters.
Results: After 12 weeks of treatment, HCQ group showed statistically (p<0.05) better improvement in BMI than Teneligliptin group. Both groups showed comparable improvement (p>0.05) from baseline in FBS, HbA1c, PPG and VAS score. In HCQ group there was significant number (p<0.05) of patients who achieved target glycaemic control (HbA1c ≤7.5%) i.e., 56.6%, compared to 37% with Teneligliptin group. Both groups had comparable (p>0.05) safety profile with no serious adverse effects and no significant change (p>0.05) in hepatic, renal and complete blood profiles.
Conclusions: On the basis of effects of HCQ on the glycaemic parameters and BMI, HCQ may be preferred over Teneligliptin in patients of T2DM who are refractory to concomitant Metformin and Glimepiride.
Quality of life in COVID survivors and post COVID manifestations in a tertiary care hospital, Nalanda, Bihar
Authors: Shekhar Shreya , Kishor Aman , Zaman Zaki Anwar
Published: February 2023

Background: COVID-19 pandemic had affected majority of the population across the world. Majority of the cases still complaining of post COVID symptoms. This study was undertaken to study the various pattern of post COVID-19 manifestations in this region in a group of patients attending hospital.
Methods: An observational study was undertaken in a group of 120 patients attending a tertiary care hospital. The patients were subjected for a detailed history and thorough physical examination and the details were entered in to a proforma. The data thus obtained was compiled and analysed.
Results: This study had shown than majority of cases were aged more than 50 years and most of them were females. The common post COVID-19 manifestations included joint pain, continued loss of taste and smell, dyspnoea, Anxiety/ depression and sleep disturbances in this study.
Conclusions: This study had observed continued symptoms from the episode of disease varying from mild to severe manifestations. This study urges for a comprehensive rehabilitation program for all COVID-19 patients.
Evaluation of prescription pattern of antimicrobials in the treatment of respiratory tract infections in pediatric patients attending a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Patel Tejal C. , Sapra Simran A. , Bhave Kiran A. , Pandit Prasad R. , Mauskar Anupama V. , Singh Mohit Kumar
Published: February 2023

Background: Irrational use of antimicrobials is a complex and multifactorial problem in developing countries. Prescriptions not adhering to the treatment guidelines, self-medication, inappropriate use of drugs by patients can inadvertently lead to development of antimicrobial resistance. An observational study was designed to evaluate antimicrobial use in pediatric population with respiratory tract infections and its adherence to national treatment guidelines.
Methods: This was a cross sectional observational study initiated after taking institutional ethics committee permission. The prescriptions of children diagnosed with upper respiratory tract infections and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) were screened. Their demographic profile and details of drugs prescribed were recorded.
Results: Out of 230 pediatric prescriptions,155 (67%) were from outpatient department and 75 (33%) from those admitted in ward. Total 145 children were diagnosed with URTI whereas 85 had LRTI. In this study, 60 children with URTI received combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid (Co-amoxiclav) whereas 66 children with LRTI received Co-amoxiclav,18 ceftriaxone (N=18), 6 vancomycin (N=6) and 18 were prescribed oseltamivir (N=18), either alone or in combination. Other drugs prescribed included, paracetamol for fever and cough syrups. Out of 195 drugs prescribed by brand names, 138 (70.8%) were antimicrobials. Fixed dose combination amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, paracetamol and cough syrups were available from hospital pharmacy. None of the prescriptions had polypharmacy.
Conclusions: URTI was treated using single antimicrobial whereas LRTI was treated with more than one antimicrobials or combination of antimicrobial and antiviral agent. The prescriptions were in accordance with the national treatment guidelines.
An observational study on dapagliflozin as an add-on therapy in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Reddy M. Venugopal , Sahayaraj Christina , Haseena Begum Shaik , Sonia S. Sharon , Reddy Y. Vijayabhaskar
Published: February 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the prevalent morbid conditions all over the world and no exception for India. Day by day, increase in its prevalence is attributed to lifestyle derangements. To treat this condition many drugs and treatment modalities are developed. Dapagliflozin is an oral antidiabetic drug which acts by sodium-glucose cotransport-2 (SGLT-2) inhibition. Its effectiveness seen in type-2 diabetes mellitus makes it an option for Add-On therapy.
Methods: This study is a retrospective observational study conducted at tertiary care hospital, GGH, Kurnool. The study proposal has been reviewed and approved by institutional ethics committee. All adult diabetic patients who were prescribed Dapagliflozin during the period of January 2021 to February 2022, total 45 were included in the study. FBG, HbA1c collected through hospital records from General Medicine and Endocrinology. Patients who stopped drug before 3 months period were excluded.
Results: Administration of dapagliflozin as an add-on therapy was found 26.63% decrease in base line mean FBG 184 mg/dl to 135 mg/dl after 3mnoths which is significant (p=0.001). Mean HbA1c significantly reduced by 0.96 percentage point after 3 months (p=0.001). Dapagliflozin effectively reduced the FBG and HbA1c when used in combination with other OHAs or insulin within 3 months.
Conclusions: Dapagliflozin as an add-on therapy significantly reduced the HbA1c level and fasting blood glucose of Type-2DM patients, in a 3-month treatment period. Due to the frequency of Genitourinary tract infections, caution is indicated while treating the patients.
Anti-diabetic potential and safety profiles of Tephrosia purpurea on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetes in rats
Authors: V. D. Deepti , R. Kavitha , E. Seshathri
Published: February 2023

Background: Tephrosia purpurea was traditionally used for the management of diabetes mellitus. Since this claim has not been investigated scientifically, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of Tephrosia purpurea extracts against STZ-Nicotinamide induced diabetes in rat.
Methods: This preclinical study was done to evaluate the anti-hyperglycaemic activity of whole plant extract of Tephrosia purpurea in STZ- Nicotinamide induced diabetic rats, which produced a significant difference in blood glucose, lipid profile, renal and liver profile in comparison to untreated rats. In this study, the animals were divided into five groups and diabetes was induced by administering STZ-Nicotinamide and animals with blood sugar level >200 were enrolled in the study. Further the animals are grouped into Group I control (0.1% CMC), Group II, diabetic control and Group III reference control received glibenclamide. Group IV and V, diabetic rats treated with Tephrosia purpurea extract 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg respectively. All the test drugs were administered for 30 days.
Results: In diabetic rats, treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg of Tephrosia purpurea blood glucose level significantly lowered on 10th day (p<0.05) and 5th day (p<0.01) respectively as compared to untreated rats. At the end of 30th day there is significant reduction in blood glucose treated with TP 400 mg/kg (p<0.001). Safety assessment shows the protective effect of TP (400 mg/kg) on lipid profile TC, TG (p<0.001), HDL (p<0.001), LDL (p<0.001) and VLDL (p<0.01). It also shows protective activity against AST (p<0.001), ALT (p<0.01), ALP (p<0.001) and Renal functions BUN (p<0.001), Creatinine (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The anti-hyperglycaemic activity of Tephrosia purpurea is brought out in the study by its significant reduction in the blood glucose level. The safety and efficacy is established based on the protective effect of Tephrosia purpurea in lipid profile, renal and hepatic function of diabetic rats.
A case of drug induced oral erythema multiforme
Authors: Kumar Shailendra , Kumar Prashant , Shamim M. , Singh Rohit Kumar , Seth Raj Narayan , Sinha Rani Indira
Published: February 2023

Erythema multiforme (EM) is an acute, self-limited, usually mild, and often relapsing mucocutaneous syndrome. It occurs predominantly in younger age group with slight male preponderance. The classical cutaneous target lesions and mucosal bullae or erosions are clinical manifestations of EM. Drug induced oral EM a rare clinical entity which involves only the lips and oral mucosa without skin involvement. These lesions are difficult in diagnosing with other oral ulcerative lesions with similar clinical manifestations. Here we are reporting a case of phenylbutazone induced oral EM. The causality of phenylbutazone in the reaction was “probable” as per Naranjo scale and seriousness of the reaction was “prolonged hospitalization”. The patient was managed by immediate withdrawal of the suspected drug along with conservative managements to prevent secondary infections. The patient was discharged successfully after 15 days of admission.
Acute ischemic stroke: management approach
Authors: Singh Rohit Kumar , . Sachin , Samanta Shrishti , Yunus Nada , Kumar Munish , Sinha Rani Indira
Published: February 2023

A stroke, or brain attack, happens when blood flow to the brain is stopped. It is an emergency situation. The brain needs a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients in order to work well. If blood supply is stopped even for a short time, this can cause problems. Brain cells begin to die after just a few minutes without blood or oxygen. Stroke is the second most common cause of death worldwide and the most important cause of physical weakness, with a growing occurrence in developing countries. Ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke which occurs due to arterial block and managed by fast reperfusion with endovascular thrombectomy and intravenous thrombolysis. The first step in stroke management is initial identification of patients with stroke and triage to centers accomplished of transporting the suitable treatment, as fast as conceivable. Mobile stroke units, tele stroke and artificial intelligence are technologies playing an important role in recognizing and treating stroke. Stroke system-of-care models remain to streamline the distribution of definitive revascularization in the age of mechanical thrombectomy. Overall, in the present review, we emphasized the pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of acute ischemic stroke (AIS).
Morbidity and mortality profiles and outcomes of neonates admitted in the special newborn care unit of tertiary care hospital of Government Medical College Rajouri of district Rajouri of union territory of Jammu and Kashmir: a hospital-based study
Authors: Iqbal Javaid , Sharma Sudekshan , Naaz Balqies
Published: February 2023

Background: Neonatal deaths constitute major portion of under-five mortalities in India. Neonatal period is very important and precious period because most of the preventable morbidities and mortalities occur in this period. In our country, prematurity, infection and prenatal asphyxia are three major causes for neonatal mortality. Various special newborn care unit (SNCU) are established in different district Hospitals to provide neonatal care which further decrease neonatal mortality.
Methods: This observational retrospective study was planned to determine the clinical profile and outcome of various neonatal admissions at SNCU, of department of paediatrics Government Medical College Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir a newly established medical college in the rural setting of northern India which is a tertiary care hospital. The data was collected for a period of 1 year from 01 April 2021 to 31 March 2022. Detailed information was collected from files and registered onto the preset proformas and results were compiled.
Results: A total 2495 newborns were enrolled for the study. 1796 (71.98%) were inborn and 699 (28.01%) were out born. Total male babies were 1569 (62.88%) and female babies were 926 (37.12%). Majority of patients were full term and weight ≥2.5 kg (86.05%). major indications for admission were sepsis 557 (22.32%), prenatal asphyxia 532(21.32%), neonatal hyperbilirubinemia 387 (15.5%), Low birth weight 348 (13.94%) and respiratory distress 308 (12.34%). Out of total, 1879 (75.3%) newborn were discharged successfully after treatment. 192 newborns were referred to higher centre for specialized care. 174 (7%) newborns died during the treatment.
Conclusions: Neonatal period is a very crucial period for development of morbidity and mortality. SNCU with skilled staff can prevent the worst outcomes by early interventions.
Evaluation of platelet indices in dengue fever in a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Paul Debatosh , Pramanik Amit K. , Biswas Sanchita , Das Chitra , Islam Mohammad T.
Published: February 2023

Background: Dengue fever is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral diseases in the world. Some evidence suggests that platelet indices may have diagnostic and prognostic value in Dengue fever. The aim of the study is to evaluate platelet indices and to find their correlation between platelet count in Dengue fever.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted through the use of stored data in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) dengue cell from July 2019 to September 2019 at department of laboratory medicine and department of internal medicine, BSMMU, Dhaka. Among them, clinical records of 260 cases are preserved in a structured clinical record form (CRF). After ethical clearance from institutional review board (IRB), form clinical records of 260 cases which were preserved in a structured CRF patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria was selected as study population.
Results: Platelet indices (MPV and PDW) were statistically significant difference among different platelet counts (p<0.05). There was significant negative correlation between platelet count and PDW (r=-0.228, p≤0.001). There was also negative correlation between platelet count and MPV (r=-0.106) which was not statistically significant (p=0.088).
Conclusions: Platelet indices are useful parameters in dengue infection. Other than platelet count, PDW and MPV are useful to monitor dengue fever.
Avascular necrosis of femoral head: a rare case as a symptom of the chronic phase in adult chronic myelogenous leukemia patients on nilotinib therapy
Authors: Mahayanti Ni Kadek Seri , Budiyasa Dewa Gde Agung
Published: February 2023

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a malignant clonal disorder of hematopoietic stem cells characterized by abnormal proliferation and accumulation of immature granulocytes. Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a rare case in CML patients where a systematic review reported only 21 cases from 1984 to 2021 of which 17 cases were AVN of the femoral head (AVNFH) and 3 cases were associated with treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, namely imatinib, desatinib and nilotinib. We report a 51-year-old male patient with complaints of hip joint pain. The patient was diagnosed with CML from bone marrow examination with hypercellular results and PCR examination which detected the presence of BCR-ABL transcription in the form of b2a2 fusion. The patient received nilotinib 200 mg every 12 hours. The diagnosis of AVN was established from clinical symptoms and radiological examination. The patient was planned to undergo a total hip replacement.
A case report on palatally positioned single mesiodens: common supernumerary tooth
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Dwivedi Nikhil K. , Biswas Mohona , Kumar Ranjan
Published: February 2023

Mesiodens is one of the commonest dental anomalies in children. It may be present in primary or early mixed dentition. It can also be found in permanent dentition. It affects dental as well as facial aesthetics. The reported prevalence of mesiodens is about 0.15% to 1.9%. It is one of the etiologic factors causing malocclusion in children. Therefore, dentists can make the parents aware about the possibilities of malocclusion and convince for the treatment as soon as possible.
A rare case of tumour lysis syndrome in multiple myeloma
Authors: Kalidindi Lakshmipriya , Kalappan Mahendra Kumar , Bathena Arunkumar , Thirugnanam Gnanadeepan , Mohanan Jagadeesan
Published: February 2023

Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) is a serious life-threatening complication of cancer chemotherapy which is a constellation of metabolic disturbances that typically occurs during therapy of bulky, rapidly proliferative tumours. TLS is an oncological emergency that causes a significant release of phosphate, potassium, uric acid, and nucleic acids into the blood stream. Incidence of TLS in multiple myeloma is rare. Here we present a case of multiple myeloma who later developed tumour lysis syndrome in its due course which was rare. A 67-year-old male was diagnosed with Multiple myeloma on the basis of M spike, osteolytic lesions and bone marrow analysis. First cycle of chemotherapy with lenalidomide, bortezomib and denosumab was initiated. During the course of follow up he presented to our casualty with complaints of chills and rigor. Based on the biochemical abnormalities a diagnosis of tumour lysis syndrome was made. He received I.V fluids, anti-hyperkalemic measures, allopurinol. He had neutropenic sepsis and went into septic shock and died after multiple resuscitative efforts.
Cerebral venous thrombosis in polycythemia rubra vera: a rare case report
Authors: A. Lokesh Kumar , S. Devipriya , Hanumanram Gowtham , M. Jagadeesan
Published: February 2023

Polycythemia rubra vera (PV) is a disease characterised by increased production of red blood cells due to genetic mutation which leads to increase in RBC mass and increased viscocity of blood. Myeloproliferative neoplasms have been implicated in the causation of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Here we presented a 34 year old male who present with headache and diplopia. Fundus examination revealed bilateral papilledema. MRI brain with venogram was done which revealed right transverse and sigmoid sinus thrombosis. Blood investigations revealed polycythemia, elevated RBC counts and hematocrit levels. Peripheral smear showed increased RBC, WBC and platelets. Serum erythropoietin was low. Bone marrow aspiration study revealed hypercellular marrow. Patient tested positive for JAK2 V617F mutation. Patient was treated with anticoagulants, therapeutic phlebotomy and other supportive measures. Here we present a rare case of PV presenting with CVT.
Drones in Construction: Unpacking the Value that Drone Technologies Bring to the Construction Sector Across Latin America
Authors: Ramirez Rufino Smeldy , Rodriguez Porcel Manuel , Perez Richiez Orlando , Seré Jorge , Buczkowski Aleksander , Morales Matilde , Bieniek Kamil
Published: February 2023

The use of drone technology in capital projects is an emerging area that holds promise for growth. Drones are becoming more widely available, and regulatory bodies are gradually allowing their use on a larger scale. With the development of software solutions that can effectively utilize data, drones are increasingly being used throughout the entire lifecycle of capital projects, including smaller infrastructure projects. The benefits of using drones in construction projects are numerous and include providing an unparalleled record of all activities, reducing planning and survey costs, increasing productivity, improving the accuracy of volumetric measurements, and mitigating disputes over the project's status. In the future, drone data will be integrated with CAD and BIM models and artificial intelligence (AI) to track construction progress and adherence to design automatically. While the construction industry has been slower in adopting new digital technologies than other sectors, leading global companies have widely adopted drones for capital project monitoring. In Latin America, drone adoption in the infrastructure sector is still limited, but early adopters have validated and are utilizing the technology. This report provides an examination of the current state of drone use in the Latin American region, including the benefits, barriers, early adopters, and what is required to promote its adoption.
Memorias Pre IX Congreso Mundial por los Derechos de la Infancia y la Adolescencia
Authors: Fernández Espinoza William Homer
Published: February 2023

Los niños, niñas y adolescentes, constituyen el punto central del debate que se ha generado, a raíz del Precongreso Mundial por los Derechos de la Infancia y la Adolescencia. En estas memorias se recogen las reflexiones que giran en torno a ellos, siendo que en muchos casos no son escuchados ni tomados en cuenta, pese a que la normativa y el interés superior del menor, señalan lo contrario. Considero que es importante generar estos espacios de diálogo y reflexión, ya que permiten analizar a profundidad las diversas situaciones que atraviesan los niños niñas y adolescentes a raíz de la pandemia, el influjo tecnológico, la violencia de género, entre otras situaciones que los afectan directamente; y, ver la respuesta que tienen las instituciones frente a estos acontecimientos. Tengo la plena certeza que este libro, nos permitirá repensar la forma en la cual actuamos frente a los niños, niñas y adolescentes, ya que nos permitirá ponerlos en el centro de nuestras preocupaciones y decisiones.
Estudo da Transformada Wavelet Contínua para análise de sinais EEG normais e ictais
Authors: Silva Thiago Bastos da , Campos Sílvia Mara da Costa
Published: February 2023

Neste artigo propomos o uso da transformada wavelet continua para analisar alguns sinais específicos obtidos via eletroencelalograma (EEG).  O EEG é um exame muito utilizado para análise da atividade elétrica cerebral e, através dele, é possível detectar, em determinadas bandas de frequência, se essa atividade elétrica está de acordo com as normas estabelecidas. Para atingir este objetivo, primeiramente explicaremos um pouco sobre o funcionamento do EEG e depois utilizaremos a transformada wavelet contínua, por meio de um programa escrito na linguagem python, para analisar o comportamento de sinais de EEG  nos domínios do tempo e da frequência. São dois tipos específicos de sinais  estudados: de pessoas saudáveis e de pessoas em crise epiléptica, conhecidos como sinais ictais.  Foram utilizados sinais de uma base de dados consolidada da Universidade de Bonn.  Os principais resultados foram a obtenção dos dados estatísticos obtidos dos sinais e de seus respectivos escalogramas, em que foram comparados a diferença entre os valores máximos, média de valores e outros parâmetros de cada sinal e escalograma.
Increased hs-CRP and Sepsis Influence the Occurrence of Thrombocytopenia in Severe and Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients Receiving Anticoagulants
Authors: Prayoga Ami Ashariati , Bintoro Siprianus Ugroseno Yudho , Romadhon Pradana Zaky , Diansyah Muhammad Noor , Amrita Putu Niken Ayu , Savitri Merlyna , Windradi Choirina , Widiyastuti Krisnina Nurul
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Despites its benefits, as one of COVID-19 principal treatments, anticoagulant raises a significant concern regarding the anticoagulant-related thrombocytopenia. However, up to date, there is lack of study examining anticoagulantinduced thrombocytopenia during COVID-19, hence this study was conducted to determine the factors inducing anticoagulant-induced thrombocytopenia in COVID-19 patients.METHODS: An observational cross-sectional study of 106 anticoagulant-treated COVID-19 subjects was conducted. Blood serum was drawn from subjects, then platelets, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin (aPPT), international ratio (INR), D-dimer, ferritin, fibrinogen, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), were measured. For thrombocytopenia risk assessment, the 4T score was calculated. To assess the risk of thrombocytopenia. Statistical analysis using Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U test were performed and followed by multivariate analysis to examine the correlation among the thrombocytopenia risk factors.RESULTS: Significant differences were identified in the length of stay (LOS) (p=0.04), disease severity (p=0.021), sepsis (p=0.006), hs-CRP (p=0.003), and mortality rate (p=0.028) between thrombocytopenia and nonthrombocytopenia groups. A multivariate analysis through linear and logistic regression disclosed an increase in hs-CRP (OR=-0.29; p=0.045) and sepsis (OR=4.32; p=0.03)that precipitate the thrombocytopenia events.CONCLUSION: In severe and critically ill COVID-19 patients, the occurrence of thrombocytopenia was followed by an increase in inflammatory parameters such as D-dimer, fibrinogen, ferritin, hs-CRP and prolonged coagulation. The increase in hs-CRP and sepsis may raise the risk of thrombocytopenia, especially in severe and crtically ill cases of COVID-19.KEYWORDS: COVID-19, anticoagulant, thrombocytopenia, inflammation, infectious disease
Hyperbaric Oxygen Ameliorates The Expression of Tumor Growth Factor-β and Malondialdehyde in Pristane-induced Lupus Nephritis Mice Model
Authors: Soetjipto Soetjipto , Murbani Indri Dwi , Harnanik Titut
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Lupus nephritis (LN) is associated with chronic renal failure and a high mortality rate. Tumor growth factor-β (TGF-β) plays a basic part in keeping up immune homeostasis, meanwhile extensive oxidation of the lipid membrane in LN causes the arrangement of malondialdehyde (MDA). Up to date, the mechanism of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy in LN has not been elucidated well. Hence this study was conducted to assess the impact of HBO therapy on TGF-β and MDA expression in the pristane-induced LN mice model.METHODS: Thirty-two mice aged 8-12 old weeks were isolated into 4 groups: normal saline-injected mice (group 1); pristane-injected mice (group 2); as well as pristane-injected followed by HBO-exposured with 2.4 (group 3) and 1.5 (group 4) atmosphere absolute (ATA) pressure. Pristane were injected intraperitoneal to initiate LN. Two months after pristane injection, the mice were placed within 24 hours in the special cage for metabolic examination to determined that pristane-induced LN mice model was successfully formed and marked by the occurring proteinuria. Oxidative stress was assessed by examining MDA, while systemic inflammation was assessed by examining by TGF-β. MDA and TGF-β serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).RESULTS: A significantly lower (p<0.050) MDA expression was found in group 3 in comparison with group 2. The results also showed that TGF-β level was significantly increased (p<0.050) in group 3 compared to group 2.CONCLUSION: HBO therapy ameliorates inflammation in LN by diminishing MDA and expanding TGF-β levels through activating antioxidants.KEYWORDS: lupus nephritis, hyperbaric oxygen, malondialdehyde, tumor growth factor-β
Seluang Fish (Rasbora sp.) Oil Improves Interleukin-17 Levels and Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Partan Radiyati Umi , Mikhael Rodry , Adinata Triawan , Darma Surya , Reagan Muhammad , Kriswiastiny Rina , Kusnadi Yulianto , Salim Eddy Mart
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D has a role in downregulating the proinflammatory cytokines as well as promoting the antiinflammatory pathway in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Seluang fish (Rasbora sp.) has potency as a new source of vitamin D. Previous study had proven Seluang fish oil efficacy in systemic lupus erythematosus. However, there are no trials that prove its efficacy in RA yet. Hence, this study was conducted to find out the ability of Seluang fish oil to improve proinflammatory cytokines, vitamin D levels, and disease activity in RA.METHODS: A clinical trial with a randomized and double-blind method was done in two groups, each one consisting of 17 RA subjects. One group was given 500 mL of a Seluang fish oil capsule (contains 665 IU cholecalciferol), while the other group was given a placebo daily, for 12 consecutive weeks. Measurements of the RA disease activity score 28 erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) and DAS28 C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP), as well as measurement of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17, and vitamin D levels by using immunoassay method were performed before and after the supplementation.RESULTS: Significant alterations in the lower levels of IL-17 were observed in the Seluang fish oil group (p=0.031), but not in the placebo group (p=0.320). Reduction of DAS28-ESR (p=0.000) and DAS28-CRP (p=0.000) score demonstrated that the Seluang fish oil supplementation was useful in reducing RA disease activity. No significant shift was observed in either vitamin D (p=0.967) or IL-6 levels (p=0.076) after Seluang Fish Oil supplementation.CONCLUSION: Seluang fish oil is effective in lowering IL-17 levels, DAS28-ESR, and DAS28-CRP, but not in improving vitamin D level or lowering IL-6 level in RA patients.KEYWORDS: rheumatoid arthritis, seluang fish oil, interleukin-6, interleukin-17, vitamin D, DAS28