bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of pre-workout multi-ingredient supplement on anaerobic performance: randomized double-blind crossover study
Authors: Kaczka Piotr , Batra Amit , Kubicka Katarzyna , Maciejczyk Marcin , Rzeszutko-Bełzowska Agata , Pezdan-Śliż Iwona , Michałowska-Sawczyn Monika , Przydział Marta , Płonka Artur , Cięszczyk Paweł , Humińska-Lisowska Kinga , Zając Tomasz
Published: March 2022

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of commercially available pre-workout supplement on anaerobic performance in resistance trained men.Methods: Twenty-three men underwent three testing sessions administrated in a randomized and double-blind fashion separated by a seven-day break. The participants performed three exercise tests: isokinetic strength test, maximal strength test and Wingate test. Statistical analysis was conducted in R environment. Linear mixed models were estimated via R package lme4.Results: The mean knee peak torque was significantly greater in supplemented group for right and left knee flexors (placebo: 103.17 ± 37.61 Nm, and supplemented group: 131.84 ± 29.31 Nm where p=0.001, and placebo: 103.72 ± 39.35, and supplemented group: 129.38 ± 28.44, where p=0.001; respectively) as well as for right and left knee extensors (placebo: 202.65 ± 58.64 Nm, and supplemented group: 237.22 ± 54.75 Nm where p=0.001, and placebo: 203.27 ± 63.2 Nm versus supplemented group: 229.84 ± 50.8 Nm where p=0.002; respectively).The significant difference was observed in mean anaerobic power between supplemented and placebo group for right and left knee flexors (p=0.002 and p=0.005, respectively) as well as for right and left knee extensors (p=0.001 and p=0.002; respectively).There was also observed that the time to peak torque was significantly greater in supplemented group for right and left knee flexors (p=0.002 for both legs). The significant difference was also observed in mean power between supplemented and placebo group during Wingate test (placebo: 8.49 ± 0.57 W/kg, and supplemented group: 8.66 ± 0.55 W/kg where p=0.038). Moreover the mean 3-RM strength test was significantly greater in supplemented group with p=0.001.Conclusions: The results of the study indicate that the supplement significantly improves upper and lower body strength and power output in resistance trained men.
Solving Full NxNxN Rubik’s Supercube Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Świta Robert , Suszyński Zbigniew
Published: March 2022

This article presents an algorithm using an evolutionary approach to the problem of solving a full Rubik's NxNxN supercube i.e. orienting all cubies, including internal ones, not only by their face colors, but to the same orientation in 3D space. The problem is formally defined by a matrix representation using affine transformations of cubies. The solving strategy consists of series of genetic algorithms which try to find better cube configuration from the current one. After finding one, moves are executed, changing current configuration. This strategy is repeated until solving the cube. Genetic algorithm restricts movements to the current cluster, solving the cube in stages from the center of the cube to the outside. Movements which solve clusters are saved in the form of macros and used for training and acceleration of the algorithm. The goal of the algorithm is to minimize solving time, not the count of moves.
PBK is a potential therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker in ovarian cancer: integrating bioinformatics and clinical analysis
Authors: Lin Lina , Ge Yingying , Nong Weixia , Zeng Xia , Liu Chang , Wu Song , Wei Xing , Luo Bin , Zhang Qingmei , xie xiaoxun
Published: March 2022

Purpose Ovarian cancer (OC) remains the most lethal gynecological malignancy worldwide. The recrudescence and chemoresistance are main reasons for the high mortality of OC. Identifying effective therapeutic targets is an urgent need. Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) are attractive targets for cancer therapy because of their expression restriction. Methods Based on the RNAseq data of OC in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we screened the differentially expressed genes of OC from the Cancer-Testis Database and created a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network to analyze co-expressed genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to explore the potential functions of genes. The 3D structure of the protein was simulated and domain interactions were analyzed. We evaluated the expression of candidate gene in OC via qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, its correlation with clinical indicators was also analyzed. Results Seven significant CTAs were found to be differentially expressed in OC, PBK was eventually selected as a prognostic factor. The established PPI network contained 93 co-expression genes with 966 protein interactions. Functional enrichment analysis showed that PBK was involved in regulating cell cycle, cell division and mitosis. PBK shares common domains with CDK1, CDK2, PLK1, CCNA2 and CCNB1. PBK was apparently up-regulated in OC, and its overexpression was correlated with the FIGO stage, lymph-node metastasis, and chemoresistance. Conclusion PBK was highly expressed in OC and related to poor prognosis, it functions as a crucial cell-cycle regulator. PBK could be a potential biomarker for OC therapies and prognosis prediction.
Rowcovers Enhance Reproductive and Vegetative Yield Components in Strawberries
Authors: Gast Karen L.B. , Pollard James E.
Published: March 2022

Two independent studies conducted in 1986-87 and 1987-88 provided evidence that rowcover-modified microclimate can enhance yield component development in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch. cv. Earliglow). Early autumn rowcover application in 1986-87 followed by removal at bloom increased mean diurnal temperatures and degree-day accumulation in autumn and spring compared with controls without rowcovers. For rowcovered plants, leaf growth continued longer in autumn and resumed earlier in spring, and more trusses and flowers were produced. In 1987-88, increased production of marketable fruit with rowcovers occurred in the absence of an increase in flowers and appeared to be primarily due to increased development of tertiary berries.
Low Temperature and Lighting Influence Dormancy and Growth of Euonymus fortunei Rooted Cuttings
Authors: Chong Calvin , Blom Theo J.
Published: March 2022

On 15 Sept., 15 Oct., 15 Nov., and 15 Dec., summer-rooted cuttings of Euonymus fortunei (Turcz.) Hand.-Mazz. `Emerald Gaiety' from both outdoor (natural cold exposure) and greenhouse (no natural cold exposure) locations were transferred to ambient, 16-h incandescent or a 16-h high-pressure sodium (HPS) lighting treatment in a greenhouse 10C). Regardless of lighting treatment, cuttings transferred from outdoors in December had the most shoot growth, followed by cuttings transferred in November. None of the lighting treatments induced a resumption of growth at any transfer date. After 15 days of storage at 1C, outdoor and/or greenhouse-grown cuttings that previously had not received any or partial amounts of natural cold exposure broke dormancy under ail lighting treatments and grew to similar heights as those of the December transfer date. Storage at 1C for 30 days inhibited growth compared to storage for 15 days. The degree of inhibition was greatest for plants exposed to HPS lighting.
Nitrogen Partitioning by `Chester Thornless' Blackberry in Pot Culture
Authors: Malik Hermen , Archbold Douglas D. , MacKown C.T.
Published: March 2022

Partitioning patterns of fertilizer N in container-grown `Chester Thornless' blackberry (Rubus spp.) were determined over two growing seasons following application of 15NH4 15N03. The roots and primocane tissues comprised the majority of the plant biomass each year. The N concentrations of primocane and floricane leaves were lower in 1988 than 1989, but were higher than in any other tissues each year. Foliar N values were followed by those for fruit, roots, and canes. As determined by isotope partitioning ratios, primocane cane, leaf, and fruit 15N enrichment from fertilizer N was higher than in other tissues in 1988. In 1989, when only stored 15N was available, the floricane was the most enriched, followed by the fruit and roots. Thus, newly acquired N was allocated to primocane tissues, fruit, and roots. Stored fertilizer N was allocated to all tissues from the roots and floricanes, but a significant amount remained in the floricanes. After two seasons. the plants retained only 27% of the total fertilizer N initially acquired.
Fruit Quality Characteristics of Transgenic Tomato Fruit with Altered Polygalacturonase Activity
Authors: Schuch Wolfgang , Kanczler Janos , Robertson Duncan , Hobson Graeme , Tucker Greg , Grierson Don , Bright Simon , Bird Colin
Published: March 2022

We have analyzed the quality and composition of transgenic tomato fruit (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivar Ailsa Craig modified by the expression of antisense RNA to polygalacturonase (PG). Tomato plants with <1% of normal PG activity in the fruit were grown under commercial glasshouse conditions and shown to have reduced levels of PG activity throughout ripening compared with untransformed lines. The firmness of fruit, as measured by vertical compression throughout ripening, was not altered in the transgenic samples when compared with controls. However, storage life and ability to withstand transport without damage were improved in the transgenic tomatoes. Tomato juice made from the PG antisense fruit by a cold-break method had significantly higher consistency (distance flowed per unit time) than juice from control fruit.
Caffeic Acid Identified as an Inhibitory Compound in Asparagus Root Filtrate
Authors: Miller Heather G. , Ikawa Miyoshi , Peirce Lincoln C.
Published: March 2022

A potential allelochemical was isolated and identified from methanol extracts of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) fresh root tissue. Fractions were collected by cellulose column chromatography and tested for inhibition by an asparagus seed germination bioassay. The fraction showing the greatest inhibition contained caffeic acid, as identified by melting point, thin-layer chromatography, and infrared spectrum analysis. Seed germination bioassays and greenhouse pot tests showed depression of seedling emergence when asparagus seeds were exposed to various dosages of crude filtrate, a methanol extract from crude filtrate, and caffeic acid.
Gibberellic Acid, Temperature, Light, Stratification, and Salinity Affect Germination of Penstemon parryi Seed
Authors: Raeber Ann C. , Lee Chiwon W.
Published: March 2022

Treatment of desert beardtongue (Penstemon parryi Gray) seed with 500 ppm (1.44 mm) GA, for 24 hours greatly enhanced germination. The optimum temperature range for seed germination was 15 to 20C in light and darkness. However, light significantly reduced seed germination when the temperature was below or above the optimum range. Stratification of seed at 5C was less effective than GA3 treatment in inducing seed germination. Imbibition of seed in 2000 ppm (34.2 mm) and 4000 ppm (68.4 mm) NaCl reduced the percentage of germination by 30% and 80%, respectively. Chemical name used: gibberellic acid (GA3).
Freezing Resistance and Carbohydrate Composition of `Floratam' St. Augustinegrass
Authors: Fry J.D. , Lang N.S. , Clifton R.G.P.
Published: March 2022

`Floratam' St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze] stolons were sampled from the field between October and March to determine potential changes in lethal low temperatures and nonstructural carbohydrate composition. Lethal temperatures determined by electrolyte leakage ranged from – 6.1 to – 5.3C. Little variability in lethal temperatures over sampling dates indicated that `Floratam' St. Augustinegrass did not readily acclimate to cold temperatures. Starch was the carbohydrate present in highest concentration in `Floratam' stolons, with levels ranging from 7.7 to 12.4 mg/100 mg dry weight. Sucrose concentrations varied from 2.4 to 5.7 mg/100 mg dry weight. Glucose and fructose were also present in `Floratam' stolons at lower concentrations. A slight increase in sucrose and decrease in starch were observed between November and December, when low temperatures resulted in chlorophyll loss and turf was <25% green. On all other sampling dates, changes in sucrose and starch were variable. Changes in concentration of total nonstructural carbohydrates or soluble sugars did not seem to influence the freezing resistance of `Floratam' St. Augustinegrass.
Shoot Regeneration from Leaf Explants of American and Chinese Elm
Authors: Bolyard Mark G. , Srinivasan C. , Cheng Jianping , Sticklen Mariam
Published: March 2022

Shoots have been regenerated from greenhouse-grown Ulmus americana L. leaf sections on a modified Murashige and Skoog medium containing 0.1 μ m TDZ. After 2 months in culture, 73% ± 4% of explants treated with 0.1 μm TDZ produced 5.5 ± 3.5 shoots per explant. There was no variation in regeneration potential detected among the seedlings tested. In addition, shoots were produced from > 80% of leaf explants from Ulmus parvifolia Jacq. Chemical name used: N-phenyl-N′-l,2,3-thiadiazole-5′yl urea (TDZ).
Interleaved resonance decays and electroweak radiation in the Vincia parton shower
Authors: Brooks Helen , Skands Peter , Verheyen Rob
Published: March 2022

We propose a framework for high-energy interactions in which
resonance decays and electroweak branching processes are interleaved
with the QCD evolution in a single common sequence of decreasing
resolution scales.
The interleaved treatment of resonance decays allows for a new treatment
of finite-width effects in parton showers.
At scales above their offshellness (i.e., typically
Q > \GammaQ>Γ),
resonances participate explicitly as incoming and outgoing states in
branching processes, while they are effectively ``integrated out’’ of
the description at lower scales. We implement this formalism, together
with a full set of antenna functions for branching processes involving
electroweak (W/Z/HW/Z/H)
bosons in the Vincia shower module in Pythia 8.3, and study some of the
consequences.
Financial constraints and corporate governance as moderating variables for the determinants of tax avoidance
Authors: Lady Silvera Dica , Hizazi Achmad , Syurya Hidayat M. , Rahayu Sri
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the effect of financial constraints and corporate governance as moderating variables on the determinants of tax avoidance, which includes foreign activity, corporate social responsibility, and political connections. All companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2019 are the objects of this study. The panel data regression was used to address the research question. The findings show that foreign activity, corporate social responsibility, and political connections significantly affected tax avoidance with alpha 5%. The results also show that corporate governance can reduce the positive impact of foreign activity, corporate social responsibility, and political connection on tax avoidance with alpha 1%.Moreover, financial constraints may strengthen the positive impact of corporate social responsibility on tax avoidance with alpha 5%. The findings further provide empirical evidence about one of the strategies businesses use to conduct tax avoidance, notably foreign activity, corporate social responsibility, and political connection. Thus, companies that implement good corporate governance could reduce corporate tax avoidance acts, which can harm the company’s image and lead to a decrease in company value. This study discovered a new proxy for measuring financial constraints, as well as developments in the political connection.
Istikhdām Qāmūs al-ʿArabiyyah Baina Yadaik fī Taʿlīm al-Lughah al-ʿArabiyyah bi Maʿhad Al-Khair Cirebon
Authors: Lihayati Antin , Maghfurin Ahmad
Published: March 2022

This research aims to learn how to use the Al-ʿArabiyyah Baina Yadaik dictionary in teaching Arabic at the Al-Khair Islamic Boarding School - Cirebon, in addition to identifying problems and how to overcome them when using it in education. This is a qualitative descriptive field research that produces data from teachers and students and is collected through observation, interview and documentation. The results indicate: 1) Using the the Al-ʿArabiyyah Baina Yadaik dictionary in education is easier than using any other dictionary. 2) The use of the Al-ʿArabiyyah Baina Yadaik dictionary makes learning Arabic more effective. 3) The lack of existing dictionaries poses problems. Students therefore use the dictionary collectively so that each member of the group can use the Al-ʿArabiyyah Baina Yadaik.* * *Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari penggunakan kamus Al-ʿArabiyyah Baina Yadaik dalam mengajar bahasa Arab di Pondok Pesantren Al-Khair-Cirebon, serta mengidentifikasi masalah dan cara mengatasinya dalam pembelaaran. Ini adalah penelitian lapangan deskriptif kualitatif yang datanya bersumber dari guru dan siswa yang dikumpulkan melalui pengamatan, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan: 1) Penggunakan kamus Al-ʿArabiyyah Baina Yadaik dalam pembelajaran lebih mudah daripada menggunakan kamus lain. 2) Penggunakan kamus Al-ʿArabiyyah Baina Yadaik membuat pembelajaran bahasa Arab lebih efektif. 3) Kurangnya kamus yang ada menimbulkan masalah. Oleh karena itu siswa menggunakan kamus secara kolektif sehingga setiap anggota kelompok dapat menggunakan kamus Al-ʿArabiyyah Baina Yadaik.
Optimalisasi Pasar Keripik Pisang Melalui Re-Branding untuk Mengembangkan Bisnis “Keripik Pisang NEVY”
Authors:   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kampus BSD, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Halim Jodi , Nurhaliza Hanum ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kampus BSD, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Belinda Leoni ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kampus BSD, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Sivali Jonathan ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kampus BSD, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Roja Haekal ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kampus BSD, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Geraldine Alyssa ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kampus BSD, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Stephenson Jordan ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kampus BSD, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Fajar Akbar Teuku ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kampus BSD, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339
Published: March 2022

Rebranding is the way used by companies for developing, from the small size upto sustain company. We do this research to know how to optimize banana chips market belongs to NEVY’s banana chips business. The result of this research is using for exploration purpose that is finding newknowledge, and to be reference for college student to developing a business especially in Cianjur. In branding we use a few words such as brand brand identity, brand image, brand personality, brand positioning, brand element, that stand for this rebranding process. A lot of steps which is conducted to do this method, the most seen factor are the transformation of brand element that starts from name, logo, and packaging. Social media is also an important thing to do pasaring to reach wider audience. According to this research, the result is rebranding fitted the most to do, because there is fundamental transformation. Starts from target market, brand personality,and sales. This analysis gave a good result such as increasing sales until 200% from recent sales. The way we sell is not only by preorder but from organic selling as well.
PEMBENTUKAN SPIRIT JIWA MUSLIMPRENEURSHIP MELALUI MATA KULIAH KEWIRAUSAHAAN BERBASIS SYARIAH
Authors:   Universitas Muslim Nusantara AL-Wasliyah, Medan, Sari Lubis Anggia , Chyntia Ovami Debbi ,   Universitas Muslim Nusantara AL-Wasliyah, Medan
Published: March 2022

Entrepreneurship was an important factor to increase the economic growth of our country. Muslimpreneur was an actor of entrepreneurship that have an identity with personality and characteristic as a true moslem to run their business with islamic value. The real effort that we can do is to shaping and instill principles of moslempreneur soul by entrepreneur based sharia courses. The aims of this research was to knowing how to shaped of spirit moslempreneur soul by entrepreneur based sharia courses. The research method is qualitative descriptive and the data collected by observation and interview. The result of this research is entrepreneur based sharia courses can be a framework of shaping the spirit of moslempreneur soul for students
ANALISIS PREFERENSI KONSUMEN TERHADAP PRODUK PAPA SULE (PUDING PANNA COTTA SUSU KEDELAI) DENGAN METODE IMPORTANCE-PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia, Khaznahar Vitmaya , Larasati Aisyah ,   Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia, Issutarti Issutarti ,   Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia
Published: March 2022

This article aims to analyze the consumer preferences on Papa Sule (Puding Panna Cotta Susu Kedelai) as a new product in order to optimize the product competitiveness with Importance-Performance Analysis. This research is qualitative-descriptive research that use enclosed questionnaire for data collected method. The results of the Importance-Performance Analysis shows that the main priority for improved performance is texture pudding in the mouth (number 2) and the completeness of the information on the label of packaging (number 10). The indicators that should be maintained because consumer consider it was important on the Papa Sule are product’s taste (number 1), the product is easily swallowed up (number 3), the level of robustness of the product (number 4), the overall scent which is not unpleasant (number 6), and the suitability of the packaging with the product size (number 8). Indicator of vanilla aroma on product (number 5) and packaging not dewy (number 9) can be improved performance but wasn’t the main priority. The last indicator which is the color of the product (number 7) can be ignored by its performance because consumer thought it less important for decisions in buying Papa Sule.
EXPERIENTIAL MARKETING DAN PEMBENTUKAN LOYALITAS PELANGGAN
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia, Ardisa Chintata , Sutrisno Sutrisno ,   Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia, Shinta Dewi Titis ,   Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia
Published: March 2022

When a marketer involves Experiential Marketing as a marketing approach to a product or service being sold (Andreani 2007: 7), will affect the increase brand awareness, brand equity, and customer loyalty. Use of experiential marketing to create brand loyal customers to the brand. The purpose of this research is to find out whether the experiential marketing (on sense, feel, think, act and relate) on Yamaha motorcycles affect customer loyalty, partially, simultaneously and know subdominant variable in influencing customer loyalty. Type of this research is quantitative research. The population is Yamaha motorcycle customers in the Yamaha Riders Federation Indonesia (YRFI) community of Malang. Simple random sampling technique be appointed 86 respondents, Test the validity and reliability to know the validity and reliability of the instrument. Data analysis using descriptive analysis technique, a test of classical assumption for multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study found a positive and significant influence partially between (1) sense, (2) feel, (3) think, (4) act lifestyle (5) Relation to customer loyalty. Also found simultaneous influence between experiential marketing on customer loyalty. The dominant variable is the sub variable of feel.
PENGARUH APLIKASI TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI TERHADAP DAYA SAING UKM
Authors:   Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Jawa Barat, Indonesia, Ratnamurni Elis Dwiana , Irawan Andri ,   Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
Published: March 2022

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) play an important role and strategic for the country's economic growth in both developing and developed countries. Increasing competitiveness is determined by the carrying capacity, science and technology, innovation ability and the learning process that develops in the community. The aim of this research is to examine the application of Information and Communications Technology Business and Competitiveness of SMEs Effect on Food and Beverages in Cimahi. This research is descriptive and exploratory and using quantitative research approach and explanatory survey method. There are 100 Small and Medium Business Unit which deploy in 15 villages in Cimahi taken as sample using stratified random sampling technique. Data are collected based on interviews and questionnaires. According to the discussion, this research obtain results as follows : a. SMEs Cimahi majority (75.17%) already use information technology applications to market their products, although at 24.83 percent do not use any type of information technology applications. Applications predominantly used are Facebook, BBM, SMS and Instagram. b. Cimahi city SMEs largely use information technology to market their products. But there are still constraints faced by them; limited knowledge and ability of the management of SMEs to apply information and communication technologies in accordance with the demands of technology and the development of times. c. Application of information technology and business communication partially no effect on the competitiveness of the SME Food and Beverages in Cimahi, but simultaneously, impact on their competitiveness. Thus, they need to implement decision making, which related to the application of information technology, and business communication jointly. Recommendations for the Government of Cimahi are as follows: enhance further programs that support the competitiveness of SMEs of Cimahi among products of SMEs in other cities. Expanding SMEs’ opportunities to increase understanding of the importance of Communication Technology Applications for SMEs as well as facilitating the access of SMEs to be able to market their products online by providing supportive training.
A review of climate change effects on practices for mitigating water quality impacts
Authors: Johnson Thomas , Butcher Jonathan , Santell Stephanie , Schwartz Sara , Julius Susan , LeDuc Stephen
Published: March 2022

Water quality practices are commonly implemented to reduce human impacts on land and water resources. In series or parallel in a landscape, systems of practices can reduce local and downstream pollution delivery. Many practices function via physical, chemical, and biological processes that are dependent on weather and climate. Climate change will alter the function of many such systems, though effects will vary in different hydroclimatic and watershed settings. Reducing the risk of impacts will require risk-based, adaptive planning. Here, we review the literature addressing climate change effects on practices commonly used to mitigate the water quality impacts of urban stormwater, agriculture, and forestry. Information from the general literature review is used to make qualitative inferences about the resilience of different types of practices. We discuss resilience in the context of two factors: the sensitivity of practice function to changes in climatic drivers, and the adaptability, or relative ease with which a practice can be modified as change occurs. While only a first step in addressing a complex topic, our aim is to help communities incorporate consideration of resilience to climate change as an additional factor in decisions about water quality practices to meet long-term goals.
Composite membrane of polyguanidine cationic surface for desalination
Authors: Han Qingfeng , Liu Dongqing , Huang Xiaohua , Xie Qinxing , Meng Jianqiang
Published: March 2022

Surface positve-charged composite membranes were prepared through two guanidine group containing polymers, polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) and polyhexamethylene biguanidine (PHMB). They were used as aqueous phase monomers in an interfacial polymerization (IP) process reacting with trimesoyl chloride (TMC) on the surface of polysulfone (Psf) ultrafiltration membrane. Piperazine (PIP) provided the best pH adjustment among the chosen regulators. As guanidine groups dissociate in water and bring ammonium cations to membrane surfaces, both polyguanidine endowed membranes reacted with divalent metal cations better compared with Na+ and Li+. The rejection rates were more than 90% for all chosen divalent metal salts. PHMG membranes displayed excellent enrichment of Li+ from a mixed solution of Mg2+ and Li+ salts. The Mg2+/Li+ mass ratio decreased from 60 to 3.7, accompanying a −3.6% rejection to Li+. Although partial guanidine groups participated in the IP reaction, bactericidal rates of membranes were both higher than 99% in Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive S. aureus tests.
Flow resistance and velocity distribution in a smooth triangular channel
Authors: Mohammad Nezhad Hossein , Mohammadi Mirali , Ghaderi Amir , Bagherzadeh Mohammad , Ricardo Ana M. , Kuriqi Alban
Published: March 2022

This study investigates the flow resistance and velocity distribution in a smooth triangular channel under varying slope conditions in a laboratory environment. For this purpose, two triangular cross-sectional shaped channels with 30° and 45° sidewall slopes were made. In various hydraulic conditions, bed slopes were carried out at different flow discharges and channels. The results have been used to test the stage-discharge curve, Manning roughness coefficient, n, the Darcy-Weisbach friction factor, f, and flow velocity profiles. By increasing the channel bed slope and flow discharge, the water surface fluctuation increased simultaneously. The fluctuation of flow surface profile in the triangular cross section (TCS) at 45° is more than in TCS 30° cases. The stage-discharge rating curve has less curvature with increasing channel bed slope. The Darcy-Weisbach f obtained from TCS 30° is higher than for TCS 45°, which means that TCS 30° has more resistance against flowing water passing through the channel than the 45° cross-section. Examination of the velocity contours shows that the maximum velocity occurred in the 30° triangular cross-section. Practical-sound findings from this research might be helpful for hydraulic engineers to design cost-effective open channels and other similar hydraulic structures.
Toxicity and removal of pharmaceutical and personal care products: a laboratory scale study with tropical plants for treatment wetlands
Authors: Arredondo Alexander , Ramírez-Vargas Carlos A. , Cubillos Janneth A. , Arrubla Juan P. , Morales-Pinzón Tito , Paredes Diego , Arias Carlos A.
Published: March 2022

The aim of the research was to evaluate the response of three tropical species (Heliconia psittacorum, Ciperus haspan, Hedychium coronarium), respect their tolerance and removal capacity of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs), namely acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, methyl hydrojasmonate (cis – MDJM), galaxolide, tonalide, caffeine, naproxen, ketoprofen, and diclofenac. The study was undertaken in two stages (Stage I – Tolerance; Stage II – Removal) of 21 days each. In Stage I, it was found evidence that from 1,000 μg L−1 the plants show decaying responses, being C. haspan and H. psittacorum, the species with the best responses to tolerance and adaptation. The results of Stage II indicated that tonalide and ketoprofen compounds were 99% removed during the first 24 hours of exposure; acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, galaxolide, and naproxen compounds were 80% eliminated, and caffeine and diclofenac products presented lower removal rates during same time. The study allowed the identification of two compound blocks, PPCPs that are sorbed by plants (acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, MDJM, caffeine, galaxolide, and tonalide), and highly photodegradable compounds (ketoprofen, naproxen, and diclofenac). These findings open the possibility for further research about using plants adapted to tropical conditions, for PPCP removal from wastewaters in real scale nature-based systems such as treatment wetlands.
A ESPACIALIZAÇÃO DA CULTURA COSPLAY NA CIDADE DE GOIÂNIA-GO
Authors: Jesus Louza Yhanka
Published: March 2022

Este artigo pretende apresentar e contextualizar o cosplay na cidade de Goiânia, buscando compreender como essa manifestação cultural espacializa-se na metrópole como um processo inerente à dinâmica e a sinergia contemporânea do espaço metropolitano que possibilita a diversidade cultural. O objetivo central é evidenciar essa espacialização da cultura cosplay, e seus significados no contexto urbano. A metodologia envolveu trabalho de campo em eventos de cultura pop, e entrevistas com cosplayers de Goiânia no intuito de conhecer a realidade da ação desse grupo, suas motivações, e identificação dos sujeitos.
Recent Updates on Nanocosmeceutical Skin Care and Anti-Aging Products
Authors: Bhat Bhavana B. , Kamath Prateeksha Prakash , Chatterjee Swarnabh , Bhattacherjee Rishav , Nayak Usha Y.
Published: March 2022

Nanotechnology is an innovative area of science that deals with things smaller than 100 nanometers.
The influence of nanotechnology in the cosmetic industry is overwhelming since it can enhance the properties
attained by the particles at the nano level, including color, solubility, etc, and can also promote the bioavailability
of API. A plethora of nanomaterials can be employed in cosmetics, including organic and inorganic nanoparticles.
Unlike orthodox carriers, they facilitate easy penetration of the product into the skin, thereby increasing
the stability and allowing a controlled drug release so that they can permeate deeper into the skin and start
revitalizing it. Nanomaterials rejuvenate the skin by forming an occlusive barrier to inhibit the loss of water
from the skin’s surface and thereby moisturize the skin. Nano-cosmeceuticals are used to provide better protection
against UV radiation, facilitate deeper skin penetration, and give long-lasting effects. Although they still
have some safety concerns, hence detailed characterization or risk assessments are required to fulfill the standard
safety requirements. In this review, an attempt is made to make a brief overview of various nanocosmeceuticals
skincare and anti-aging products.
Natural Polysaccharides Alleviate Neurological Disorders: New Updates
Authors: AlMatar Manaf , Makky Essam A. , Ramli Aizi Nor Mazila
Published: March 2022

Due to their difficulty in pathogenesis, nervous system disease (NSD) therapies have long been challenging problems for researchers. With the rise in the ageing population, the quest for successful NSD therapies has become a hot topic. Polysaccharides demonstrated numerous biological effects in anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and immune regulation. In recent years, several studies have been conducted in light of the connection between the properties of polysaccharides and the pathogenesis of neurological conditions. In this review, we aim to discuss the most recent reports on the beneficial properties and mechanisms of polysaccharides for nervous system-related diseases.
Exosomal microRNAs: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Small Bio-molecule in Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Shahverdi Mahshid , Darvish Maryam
Published: March 2022

Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related death
worldwide. EC is usually diagnosed at a late stage, and despite aggressive therapy, the
five-year survival rate of patients remains poor. Exosomes play important roles in cancer
biology. Indeed, exosomes are implicated in tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, and
invasion. They contain bioactive molecules such as lipids, proteins, and non-coding
RNAs. Exosome research has recently concentrated on microRNAs, which are tiny noncoding
endogenous RNAs that can alter gene expression and are linked to nearly all
physiological and pathological processes, including cancer. It is suggested that
deregulation of miRNAs results in cancer progression and directly induces tumor
initiation. In esophageal cancer, miRNA dysregulation plays an important role in cancer
prognosis and patients’ responsiveness to therapy, indicating that miRNAs are important
in tumorigenesis. In this review, we summarize the impact of exosomal miRNAs on
esophageal cancer pathogenesis and their potential applications for EC diagnosis and
therapy.
Anti-diabetic Effects of Macronutrients via Modulation of Angiogenesis: A Comprehensive Review on Carbohydrates and Proteins
Authors: Khosravifar Mina , Sajadimajd Soraya , Bahrami Gholamreza
Published: March 2022

Background:

Diabetes is a major global health concern, manifesting the symptoms of chronic hyperglycemia. Either insufficient or excessive angiogenesis is generally involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications.

Objective:

Given that macronutrients are important dietary players in global health issues, we aimed to review the role of macronutrients, including carbohydrates and proteins, to manage diabetes via angiogenesis modulation.

Methods:

Sixteen studies regarding the effects of macronutrients, including carbohydrates and proteins derived from plants, fungus, bacteria, and their derivatives, on angiogenesis in diabetes were included in our study.

Results:

Reviewing these studies suggests that carbohydrates, including low molecular weight fucoidan (LMWF), Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), and Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (Gl-PS), as well as oligopeptides, like sea cucumber-isolated small molecule oligopeptides (SCCOPs), can induce angiogenesis in the process of wound healing. Considering retinopathy, carbohydrates, including Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC), Lyciumbarbarum (LBP), Sulfated K5 Escherichia coli polysaccharide (K5-N, OS (H)), and carnosine suppressed retinal angiogenesis. Furthermore, rice bran protein (RBP) ameliorated angiogenesis in diabetic nephropathy. Carbohydrates, including DPHC, Anoectochilus roxburghii polysaccharide (ARP), and LMWF, showed beneficial effects on endothelial cell dysfunction.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, data suggest that a number of macronutrients, including proteins and carbohydrates, could have protective effects against complications of diabetes via modulation of angiogenesis.
Cerebral Ischemia Induces Iron Deposit, Ferritin Accumulation, Nuclear
Receptor Coactivator 4-depletion, and Ferroptosis
Authors: Rami Abdelhaq , Hanke Nora
Published: March 2022

Background:

The neuronal death upon cerebral ischemia shares not only characteristics
of necrosis, apoptosis, and autophagy but also exhibits biochemical and morphological characteristics
of ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is a regulated form of cell death that is considered to be an oxidative
iron-dependent process. It is now commonly accepted that iron and free radicals are considered to
cause lipid peroxidation as well as the oxidation of proteins and nucleic acids, leading to increased
membrane and enzymatic dysfunction and finally contributing to cell death. Although ferroptosis
was first described in cancer cells, emerging evidence now links mechanisms of ferroptosis to many
different diseases, including cerebral ischemia.

Methods:

The objective of this study was to identify the key players and underlying biochemical
pathways of ferroptosis, leading to cell death upon focal cerebral ischemia in mice by using immunofluorescence,
Western blotting, histochemistry, and densitometry.

Results:

In this study, we demonstrated that cerebral ischemia induced iron-deposition, downregulated
dramatically the expression of the glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), decreased the expression
of the nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4), and induced inappropriate accumulation of
ferritin in the ischemic brain. This supports the hypothesis that an ischemic insult may induce ferroptosis
through inhibition of GPX4.

Conclusion:

We conclude that iron excess following cerebral ischemia leads to cell death despite
activating compensatory mechanisms for iron homeostasis, as illustrated by the accumulation of
ferritins. These data emphasized the presence of a cellular mechanism that allows neuronal cells to
buffer iron levels.
Medicinal Chemistry of Inhibitors Targeting Resistant Bacteria
Authors: Monteiro Kadja Luana Chagas , Silva Osmar Nascimento , dos Santos Nascimento Igor José , Mendonça Júnior Francisco Jaime Bezerra , Aquino Pedro Gregório Vieira , da Silva-Júnior Edeildo Ferreira , de Aquino Thiago Mendonça
Published: March 2022

The discovery of antibiotics was a revolutionary feat that provided countless health bene-fits. The identification of penicillin by Alexander Fleming initiated the era of antibiotics, represent-ed by constant discoveries that enabled effective treatments for the different classes of diseases caused by bacteria. However, the indiscriminate use of these drugs allowed the emergence of re-sistance mechanisms of these microorganisms against the available drugs. In addition, the constant discoveries in the 20th century generated a shortage of new molecules, worrying health agencies and professionals about the appearance of multidrug-resistant strains against available drugs. In this context, the advances of recent years in molecular biology and microbiology have allowed new per-spectives in drug design and development, using the findings related to the mechanisms of bacterial resistance to generate new drugs that are not affected by such mechanisms and supply new mole-cules to be used to treat resistant bacterial infections. Besides, a promising strategy against bacterial resistance is the combination of drugs through adjuvants, providing new expectations in designing new antibiotics and new antimicrobial therapies. Thus, this manuscript will address the main mech-anisms of bacterial resistance under the understanding of medicinal chemistry, showing the main active compounds against efflux mechanisms, and also the application of the use of drug delivery systems, and finally, the main potential natural products as adjuvants or with promising activity against resistant strains.
Female Circumcision and Sexual Satisfaction among Iranian Kurdish
Women
Authors: Abdollahzadeh Mahsa , Nourizadeh Roghaiyeh , Sattarzadeh-Jahdi Niloufar
Published: March 2022

Background:

There is contradictory evidence about the relationship between female circumcision
and sexual function and satisfaction, which may be rooted in cultural and social beliefs
and the different types of genital mutilation/circumcision (GM/C).

Objective:

The present study aimed to compare the sexual satisfaction among Iranian Kurdish women
with and without GM/C.

Method:

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 310 women with and without GM/C aged
18-45 years, referred to the health centers of Mahabad, Iran, in 2020, using the convenience sampling
method. After completing the informed consent form by the participants, the demographic and
obstetric characteristics and Larson sexual satisfaction questionnaires were completed. The collected
data were analyzed using SPSS21 software, and Chi-square and ANCOVA tests were used.

Results:

The mean (SD) score of sexual satisfaction was 87.10 (6.15) and 86.99 (4.44) among women
with and without GM/C, respectively. After controlling the effect of confounding variables, no
significant difference was observed between the two groups. The majority of women in both groups
(91.6% in women with type I genital mutilation and 92.9% in women without GM/C) had moderate
sexual satisfaction and there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of sexual
satisfaction levels.

Conclusion:

The results indicated no correlation between sexual satisfaction and type I female genital
mutilation, which may be due to the limited area of genital injury, and the individual and social
acceptance of this practice. A similar study design in other populations with different types of female
genital mutilation is recommended.
Recent PARP Inhibitor Advancements in Cancer Therapy: A Review
Authors: Byran Gowramma , Raj Pulla Prudvi , Lakshmanan Kaviarasan , Rajagopal Kalirajan , Krishnamurthy Praveen Thaggikuppe , Palati Divya Jyothi
Published: March 2022

Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase-1 [PARP-1] is a chromatin-bound nuclear enzyme that gets
activated by DNA damage. It facilitates DNA repair by binding to DNA breaks and attracting DNA repair
proteins to the site of damage. Increased PARP-1 expression is observed in melanomas, breast cancer,
lung cancer, and other neoplastic diseases. PARP-1 interacts directly and indirectly with various
oncogenic proteins and regulates several transcription factors, thereby modulating carcinogenesis. There
is a lot of pre-clinical and clinical data supporting the use of PARP-1 inhibitors [PARP-1i] in cancers
that express homologous recombination deficiencies like mutations within the BRCA-1/2 genes. Therapeutic
inhibition of PARP-1 is therefore perceived as a promising anticancer strategy, and numerous
PARP-1i are currently under development and clinical evaluation. Currently, there are 4 FDA-approved
PARP-1i products on the market, and a few more are in the last stage of clinical development. All the
molecules are non-selective PARP-1i. While giving promising results, PARP-1i have their own disadvantages,
like safety problems, resistance, etc. Looking at the success rate of PARP-1i in various solid
tumours, there is a need for novel and selective PARP-1i. In this review, we discuss various aspects related
to PARP-1i, like recent developments, overcoming resistance, and selectivity criteria of new molecules
for potential PARP-1i.