bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a Frequency-Adjustable Tuned Mass Damper (FATMD) for Structural Vibration Control
Authors: Gao Huaguo , Wang Congbao , Huang Chen , Shi Wenlong , Huo Linsheng
Published: September 2020

The tuned mass damper (TMD) can be applied to suppress earthquake, wind, and pedestrian- and machine-induced vibration in factory buildings or large span structures. However, the traditional TMD with a fixed frequency will not be able to perform effectively against the frequency variations in multiple hazards. This paper proposed a frequency-adjustable tuned mass damper (FATMD) to solve this limitation of current TMD. The FATMD presented in this paper is composed of a simple assembly consisting of a supported beam with a mass, in which the frequency of the FATMD is changed by adjusting the span of the beam. The kinematic equation of a single degree of freedom (SDOF) structure installed with an FATMD is established to analyze the effect of the damping ratio, mass ratio, and stiffness on the vibration damping. The fundamental frequency of the FATMD at different spans is verified by simulation and experiments. Forced vibration experiments with different excitation frequencies are also conducted to verify the performance of the FATMD. The results show that the proposed FATMD can effectively suppress the vertical vibration of structures at different excitation frequencies, including frequencies at a range higher than what a traditional TMD may not be able to suppress. Additionally, the proposed FATMD is applied to a long-span pedestrian bridge which vibrates frequently due to the walking of pedestrians, the running of escalators, and earthquakes. The numerical results indicate that the FATMD can effectively reduce the vertical vibration of the pedestrian bridge under the excitations of pedestrians, escalators, and earthquakes.
Early Intervention with Lenalidomide in Patients with High-risk Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Thangavadivel Shanmugapriya , Zhao Qiuhong , Epperla Narendranath , Rike Lindsey , Mo Xiaokui , Badawi Mohamed , Bystry Darlene M. , Phelps Mitch A. , Andritsos Leslie A. , Rogers Kerry A. , Jones Jeffrey , Woyach Jennifer A. , Byrd John C. , Awan Farrukh T.
Published: September 2020

Purpose:

Infectious complications constitute a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Patients respond poorly to vaccines, particularly pneumococcal polysaccharide and influenza vaccines. In addition, patients with genetically high-risk disease are at increased risk for early disease progression and death. Lenalidomide, an oral immunomodulatory agent with demonstrated clinical activity in CLL, can potentially restore immune system dysfunction associated with CLL while improving disease outcomes.

Patients and Methods:

Phase II study randomized 49 patients with genetically high-risk CLL or small lymphocytic lymphoma [SLL; defined as unmutated Ig heavy chain variable region, deletion(17p) or (11q), and/or complex abnormal karyotype], to receive lenalidomide either concurrent (arm A) or sequential to (arm B) two doses of 13-valent protein-conjugated pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13) administered 2 months apart, in patients not meeting International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia treatment criteria.

Results:

Four serotypes (3, 4, 5, 6B) achieved the additional seroprotection definition of a fourfold increase in arm A, and six serotypes (3, 4, 5, 6B, 19A, 19F) in arm B. All patients achieved the defined concentration of 0.35 μg/mL for at least one serotype tested. No significant difference was observed with the addition of lenalidomide. At median time on treatment of 3.6 years, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 5.8 years [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.1—not reached]. PFS at 1, 2, and 3 years was 85% (95% CI, 72–93), 79% (95% CI, 64–88), and 72% (95% CI, 57–83), respectively.

Conclusions:

Lenalidomide is efficacious with manageable toxicities as an early intervention strategy in patients with high-risk CLL, but did not enhance humoral response to PCV13 vaccine.
A Self-Assembling and Disassembling (SADA) Bispecific Antibody (BsAb) Platform for Curative Two-step Pretargeted Radioimmunotherapy
Authors: Santich Brian H. , Cheal Sarah M. , Ahmed Mahiuddin , McDevitt Michael R. , Ouerfelli Ouathek , Yang Guangbin , Veach Darren R. , Fung Edward K. , Patel Mitesh , Burnes Vargas Daniela , Malik Aiza A. , Guo Hong-Fen , Zanzonico Pat B. , Monette Sebastien , Michel Adam O. , Rudin Charles M. , Larson Steven M. , Cheung Nai K.
Published: September 2020

Purpose:

Many cancer treatments suffer from dose-limiting toxicities to vital organs due to poor therapeutic indices. To overcome these challenges we developed a novel multimerization platform that rapidly removes tumor-targeting proteins from the blood to substantially improve therapeutic index.

Experimental Design:

The platform was designed as a fusion of a self-assembling and disassembling (SADA) domain to a tandem single-chain bispecific antibody (BsAb, anti-ganglioside GD2 × anti-DOTA). SADA–BsAbs were assessed with multiple in vivo tumor models using two-step pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT) to evaluate tumor uptake, dosimetry, and antitumor responses.

Results:

SADA–BsAbs self-assembled into stable tetramers (220 kDa), but could also disassemble into dimers or monomers (55 kDa) that rapidly cleared via renal filtration and substantially reduced immunogenicity in mice. When used with rapidly clearing DOTA-caged PET isotopes, SADA–BsAbs demonstrated accurate tumor localization, dosimetry, and improved imaging contrast by PET/CT. When combined with therapeutic isotopes, two-step SADA-PRIT safely delivered massive doses of alpha-emitting (225Ac, 1.48 MBq/kg) or beta-emitting (177Lu, 6,660 MBq/kg) S-2-(4-aminobenzyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane tetraacetic acid (DOTA) payloads to tumors, ablating them without any short-term or long-term toxicities to the bone marrow, kidneys, or liver.

Conclusions:

The SADA–BsAb platform safely delivered large doses of radioisotopes to tumors and demonstrated no toxicities to the bone marrow, kidneys, or liver. Because of its modularity, SADA–BsAbs can be easily adapted to most tumor antigens, tumor types, or drug delivery approaches to improve therapeutic index and maximize the delivered dose.

See related commentary by Capala and Kunos, p. 377
Response to Anti-PD-1 in Microsatellite-Stable Colorectal Cancer: A STAT Need
Authors: Nusrat Maliha
Published: September 2020

Most colorectal cancers are microsatellite-stable with no response to anti-PD-1 therapy, necessitating the development of new immunomodulatory treatment strategies. Coinhibition of anti-PD-1 and STAT3 can elicit an effective antitumor response in a small subset of patients with microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer, and biomarkers predictive of response are under investigation.

See related article by Kawazoe et al., p. 5887
Proof of Concept of a Personalized Genetic Risk Tool to Promote Smoking Cessation: High Acceptability and Reduced Cigarette Smoking
Authors: Ramsey Alex T. , Bourdon Jessica L. , Bray Michael , Dorsey Amelia , Zalik Maia , Pietka Amanda , Salyer Patricia , Chen Li-Shiun , Baker Timothy B. , Munafò Marcus R. , Bierut Laura J.
Published: September 2020

Relatively little is known about the possible effects of personalized genetic risk information on smoking, the leading preventable cause of morbidity and mortality. We examined the acceptability and potential behavior change associated with a personalized genetically informed risk tool (RiskProfile) among current smokers. Current smokers (n = 108) were enrolled in a pre-post study with three visits. At visit 1, participants completed a baseline assessment and genetic testing via 23andMe. Participants’ raw genetic data (CHRNA5 variants) and smoking heaviness were used to create a tailored RiskProfile tool that communicated personalized risks of smoking-related diseases and evidence-based recommendations to promote cessation. Participants received their personalized RiskProfile intervention at visit 2, approximately 6 weeks later. Visit 3 involved a telephone-based follow-up assessment 30 days after intervention. Of enrolled participants, 83% were retained across the three visits. Immediately following intervention, acceptability of RiskProfile was high (M = 4.4; SD = 0.6 on scale of 1 to 5); at 30-day follow-up, 89% of participants demonstrated accurate recall of key intervention messages. In the full analysis set of this single-arm trial, cigarettes smoked per day decreased from intervention to 30-day follow-up [11.3 vs. 9.8; difference = 1.5; 95% confidence interval (0.6–2.4); P = 0.001]. A personalized genetically informed risk tool was found to be highly acceptable and associated with a reduction in smoking, although the absence of a control group must be addressed in future research. This study demonstrates proof of concept for translating key basic science findings into a genetically informed risk tool that was used to promote progress toward smoking cessation.

Prevention Relevance: This study demonstrates that personal genetic information can be incorporated into a risk feedback tool that was highly acceptable to current smokers and associated with reductions in smoking. These findings may pave the way for effectiveness and implementation research on genetically-informed behavior change interventions to enhance cancer prevention efforts.
Einsatz standardisierter Patienten im Psychologiestudium: Von der Forschung in die Praxis
Authors: Kühne Franziska , Maaß Ulrike , Weck Florian
Published: September 2020

Hintergrund: Im Rahmen des reformierten Psychotherapeutengesetzes wird eine stärkere Praxisorientierung in der klinisch-psychologischen Lehre und in der Prüfung psychotherapeutischer Kompetenzen verankert. Hierbei sollen Studierende durch die Interaktion mit standardisierten Patient*innen (SP) therapeutische Kompetenzen erwerben und demonstrieren. Fragestellung: Das Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrags ist es, eine evidenzbasierte Umsetzung dieser neuen Lehr- und Prüfungsformate zu unterstützen, indem bisherige Forschungsbefunde zum Einsatz von SP dargestellt und Bereiche, in denen weitere Forschung notwendig ist, aufgezeigt werden. Ergebnisse: Empirische Befunde zeigen, dass SP psychische Störungen authentisch darstellen können. Voraussetzung dafür sind beispielsweise die Auswahl geeigneter SP, detaillierte Rollenanleitungen, spezifisches Training, Feedback und Nachschulungen. Auch wenn einige Forschungsfragen, wie zur vergleichenden Wirksamkeit des Einsatzes von SP, noch unbeantwortet sind, lassen sich praktische Implikationen für SP-Programme in Lehre, Prüfung und Forschung ableiten, die in einem Ablaufschema dargestellt werden. Schlussfolgerungen: Der Einsatz von SP bietet großes Potenzial für die klinisch-psychologische Lehre und Ausbildungsforschung. Um den Einsatz von SP an anderen Standorten zu unterstützen, werden Beispielmaterialien (z.B. Rollenanleitung) in den elektronischen Supplementen (siehe www.karger.com/doi/10.1159/000509249 für alle Supplemente) zum Artikel zur Verfügung gestellt.
Other Iatrogenic Immunodeficiency-Associated Lymphoproliferative Disorders, Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Type, in a Patient with Behçet’s Disease Treated with Cyclosporine A
Authors: Urano Yuka , Ohe Rintaro , Yamada Akane , Kabasawa Takanobu , Suzuki Kazushi , Kitaoka Takumi , Tamazawa Nobuyuki , Aung Naing Ye , Utsunomiya Aya , Toubai Tomomi , Ishizawa Kenichi
Published: September 2020

A 40-year-old man had been treated for Behçet’s disease (BD) with cyclosporine A (CsA) for 14 years. He presented multiple lymphadenopathies with fever. Histological examination of surgical biopsy showed other iatrogenic immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorders, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma type with positivity for Epstein-Barr virus encoding RNA-1 (EBER-1). BCL2-IgH, BCL6-IgH, and MYC-IgH translocations were not detected. CsA was stopped, and R-CHOP therapy was initiated. However, his lymphoma was chemotherapy resistant and rapidly progressed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that occurred in a BD patient treated with CsA reported in English. Both BD and CsA are associated with the pathogenesis of lymphoma. We also describe extremely rare cases in the form of a literature review.
Beat-to-Beat Blood Pressure Variability in the First Trimester Is Associated With the Development of Preeclampsia in a Prospective Cohort
Authors: Nuckols Virginia R. , Holwerda Seth W. , Luehrs Rachel E. , DuBose Lyndsey E. , Stroud Amy K. , Brandt Debra , Betz Alexandria M. , Fiedorowicz Jess G. , Scroggins Sabrina M. , Santillan Donna A. , Grobe Justin L. , Sigmund Curt D. , Santillan Mark K. , Pierce Gary L.
Published: September 2020

Women with preeclampsia, a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, exhibit greater beat-to-beat blood pressure variability (BPV) in the third trimester after clinical onset of the disorder. However, it remains unknown whether elevated BPV precedes the development of preeclampsia. A prospective study cohort of 139 women (age 30.2±4.0 years) were enrolled in early pregnancy (<14 weeks gestation). BPV was quantified by time domain analyses of 10-minute continuous beat-to-beat blood pressure recordings via finger photoplethysmography in the first, second, and third trimesters. Aortic stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity) and spontaneous cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity were also measured each trimester. Eighteen women (13%) developed preeclampsia. Systolic BPV was higher in all trimesters among women who developed versus did not develop preeclampsia (first: 4.8±1.3 versus 3.7±1.2,
P
=0.001; second: 5.1±1.8 versus 3.8±1.1,
P
=0.02; third: 5.2±0.8 versus 4.0±1.1 mm Hg,
P
=0.002). Elevated first trimester systolic BPV was associated with preeclampsia (odds ratio, 1.94 [95% CI, 1.27–2.99]), even after adjusting for risk factors (age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, history of preeclampsia, and diabetes mellitus) and was a significant predictor of preeclampsia (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve=0.75±0.07;
P
=0.002). Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was elevated in the first trimester among women who developed preeclampsia (5.9±0.8 versus 5.2±0.8 m/s;
P
=0.002) and was associated with BPV after adjustment for mean blood pressure (
r
=0.26;
P
=0.005). First trimester baroreflex sensitivity did not differ between groups (
P
=0.23) and was not related to BPV (
P
=0.36). Elevated systolic BPV is independently associated with the development of preeclampsia as early as the first trimester, possibly mediated in part by higher aortic stiffness.
Outcome by Sex in Patients With Long QT Syndrome With an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator
Authors: Younis Arwa , Aktas Mehmet K. , Rosero Spencer , Kutyifa Valentina , Polonsky Bronislava , McNitt Scott , Sotoodehnia Nona , Kudenchuk Peter , Rea Thomas D. , Arking Dan E. , Goldenberg Ilan , Zareba Wojciech
Published: September 2020

Background

Sex differences in outcome have been reported in patients with congenital long QT syndrome. We aimed to report on the incidence of time‐dependent life‐threatening events in male and female patients with long QT syndrome with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD).

Methods and Results

A total of 60 patients with long QT syndrome received an ICD for primary or secondary prevention indications. Life‐threatening events were evaluated from the date of ICD implant and included ICD shocks for ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, or death. ICDs were implanted in 219 women (mean age 38±13 years), 46 girls (12±5 years), 55 men (43±17 years), and 40 boys (11±4 years). Mean follow‐up post‐ICD implantation was 14±6 years for females and 12±6 years for males. At 15 years of follow‐up, the cumulative probability of life‐threatening events was 27% in females and 34% in males (log‐rank
P
=0.26 for the overall difference). In the multivariable Cox model, sex was not associated with significant differences in risk first appropriate ICD shock (hazard ratio, 0.83 female versus male; 95% CI, 0.52–1.34;
P
=0.47). Results were similar when stratified by age and by genotype: long QT syndrome type 1 (LQT1), long QT syndrome type 2 (LQT2), and long QT syndrome type 3 (LQT3). Incidence of inappropriate ICD shocks was higher in males versus females (4.2 versus 2.7 episodes per 100 patient‐years;
P
=0.018), predominantly attributed to atrial fibrillation. The first shock did not terminate ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation in 48% of females and 62% of males (
P
=0.25).

Conclusions

In patients with long QT syndrome with an ICD, the risk and rate of life‐threatening events did not significantly differ between males and females regardless of ICD indications or genotype. In a substantial proportion of patients with long QT syndrome, first shock did not terminate ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation.
Total Factor Productivity Changes in Japanese Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in 1982–2016: Suggestive Indications of an IT Revolution?
Authors: Konishi Yoko , Saito Takashi
Published: September 2020

Since the information technology revolution in 2000, businesses worldwide have adopted information and communication technology (ICT) and big data. Recent studies attribute the origin of productivity growth in Europe and the United States to the depth of ICT utilization. We investigate whether that is the case in Japan. We measure the productivity of five manufacturing and eleven services industries in Japan and observe how it changed before and after 2000. Our results suggest that productivity increased for providers of ICT products but not for providers of ICT services. Moreover, productivity rose after 2000 in seven services industries that are users of ICT. Japanese firms are predominantly small and medium-sized and we conclude that the productivity findings for western countries are also observed for Japanese small and medium-sized enterprises.
Default Probability by Employment Status in South Korea
Authors: Jung Hosung , Kim Hyun Hak
Published: September 2020

This paper analyzes the factors behind the loan defaults of borrowers by their employment status (whether they are self-employed) using the Korea Consumer Credit Panel data held by the Bank of Korea, and estimates the probability of default and the fragility of the financial sector. This is done using the concept of exposure at default for individuals. Using individual data on loans and delinquencies, we divide the spreads of personal loans into spreads determined by loan characteristics and spreads based on credit ratings to examine how these factors determine the probability of default among self-employed and non-self-employed borrowers. We find that the marginal effect of the spread based by the characteristic of loans and the borrowers’ credit ratings on the probability of default is greater to the self-employed borrowers, as compared to the non-self-employed borrowers. Especially, the effect of the spread by credit rating is stronger than the other. When we measure the vulnerability of financial institutions in terms of households’ probability of default, the institutions’ exposure to default of the self-employed affects to institutions’ vulnerability more than those of the non-self-employed. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the connectedness of financial institutions to household debt, and, in particular, the financial status of the self-employed.
Photography's Exiles: from Painting, Patriarchy, and Patria
Authors: Buchloh Benjamin H. D.
Published: September 2020

This issue is the second part of a two-part October project dealing with the photographic practices of women in Weimar culture and in exile from it. Focusing on seven crucial figures (Ellen Auerbach, Ilse Bing, Anne Fischer, Gisèle Freund, Lotte Jacobi, Germaine Krull, and Grete Stern), the essays collected here address a wide range of productive changes and destructive conflicts challenging traditional models of the photographers' social, artistic, and professional identities. Some of these changes resulted from the impact of emerging technologies (both in the infrastructural organization of everyday life and in photography's own newly evolving technologies of cameras and color) and some from the dismantling of the liberal democratic nation state either by the rise of state socialism in the Soviet Union or of fascism in Germany. When these Weimar photographers had to find refuge in France, in the United States, in South Africa, or in Argentina, they found themselves not only confronted with the demands of a rapidly advancing and controlling culture industry but also with the caesura of cultural discontinuity and the disillusioning effects of living in exile.
ringl + pit and the Queer Art of Failure
Authors: Otto Elizabeth
Published: September 2020

In 1929, in the midst of the artistic and political ferment that was Weimar Berlin, the young photographers Ellen Auerbach and Grete Stern formalized their personal and creative affinities to create Studio ringl + pit. Their collaboration, which would continue for the next four years, produced groundbreaking portraits, still lifes, and a handful of print advertisements that were celebrated for their inventively formal daring. In line with their training with Bauhaus photography master Walter Peterhans, ringl + pit's pictures were meticulously constructed and technically perfect, but they were also uniquely imprinted with the artists' characteristic blend of the playful, the strange, and, in multiple senses of the word, the queer. In this essay, Auerbach and Stern's adventurous approach to photographic experimentation is explored within the context of their correspondingly adventurous inclination to defy bourgeois conventions in their personal lives. In concert with the aesthetic synchrony that inspired their creative collaboration (such that, for its duration, they disavowed individual authorship in favor of the collective moniker “ringl + pit”) they were also lovers, a fact which, until now, has not been integrated into scholarly engagement with their work. Passionate photographic explorations, their work consistently privileged play, discovery, and intimacy over such conventional markers of success as money or fame. In this light, ringl + pit's audaciously anticipatory collective body of work might be said to adhere to the delineations of what Jack Halberstam has described as a “queer art of failure.”
Portrait Under Construction: Lotte Jacobi in Soviet Russia and Central Asia
Authors: Gough Maria
Published: September 2020

Traveling in Russia and Central Asia in 1932–33, the German-Jewish portrait photographer Lotte Jacobi produced an extraordinary archive of several thousand photographs documenting Soviet industrialization, collectivization, modernization, and, most profoundly, the revolution's human face. Yet she never assembled a photo book or other reflection about her experience. Based on a study of the archive in its entirety, this essay tells the story of Jacobi's journey through the lens of her photographs, building a portrait of the worlds in which she moved under the auspices of the Soviet photo agency Soiuzfoto. It discusses her portrayal of a diverse array of workers, collective farmers, peasants, street traders, intellectuals, and political figures, first in Moscow and Michurinsk and then in the newly established socialist republics of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, where she was hosted by leading indigenous communists such as Abdurahim Hojiboyev and Fayzulla Xo'jayev. The essay theorizes some of the key problems that her corpus raises: the relative weight of political commitment and external control in its production; whether it operates in a realist or mythic mode; the extent to which it presents Soviet Russia's role in Central Asia as that of a modernizing state or colonizing empire, as its tsarist predecessor had been; and the critical status of what she called “types” with respect to the nineteenth-century racist “type” photograph. A coda considers Jacobi's belated return to her Soviet corpus for the first time in the late 1950s and early '60s, a period characterized by a post-Stalinist thaw and the nominal end of the Red Scare in the United States, to which she had emigrated in 1935 in the wake of Hitler's appointment as chancellor and Germany's subsequent transformation into a one-party dictatorship.
Surrealism's Homophobia
Authors: Miller C. F. B.
Published: September 2020

The primary document of Surrealist homophobia is a transcript, published in 1928 in the magazine La Révolution surréaliste, entitled “Research on Sexuality/ Extent of Objectivity, Individual Determinations, Degree of Consciousness.” The text records the first two of twelve closed, mostly men-only meetings, held in Paris between 1928 and 1932 by members and fellow travelers of the Surrealist group, at which the participants, according to the collective ethos of Surrealist practice, discussed their sexual preferences, experiences, and beliefs. In the published sessions, the group's leader, André Breton, who convened the meetings and edited the transcript, repeatedly denounced male homosexuality. The problematics of these repudiations are the topics of this article, the intention of which is to map the historical conditions of Breton's heteronormativity and to outline the latter's function in his theory of Surrealism. To this end, the essay displaces the psychoanalytic emphasis customary in Surrealism's reception in order to locate the movement in the historical discourse of sexuality. In the French culture wars of the 1920s, Surrealism mobilized a sexual negativity against the mainstream. Yet in certain key respects, Breton's thought preserved a heterosexist logic of conjugality. Ultimately, a historical reading of Surrealism's homophobia indicates the family ties between dialectical idealism and heteronormativity.
Face Time, Pandemic Style
Authors: Lee Pamela M.
Published: September 2020

This article considers the prospects of “facial politics” in the wake of CoVID-19. Recounted through the author's positionality as an Asian American feminist academic, the article describes her encounters in the university and the street, in the United States and China. Addressing gestures of face touching and the trope of the mask relative to its wearer, the essay draws on the work of Mel Y. Chen on the viral conjunction of race, animality, illness, and gender as inflected further by both historical and contemporary treatments of “Chineseness” and visibility. In so doing, the article reframes concepts of perfomativity and the face that are associated with Judith Butler, with the face becoming “the fallen site of discourse” under the conditions of a pandemic.
Mentoring a surgical team towards procedural competence in the early learning curve for selective fetoscopic laser photocoagulation
Authors: Natarajan L , Gosavi AT , Wataganara T , Su LL , Amin Z , Leung TY , Choolani M , Biswas A , Mattar CNZ
Published: September 2020

INTRODUCTION Selective fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (SFLP) for twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is challenging for new surgeons at the start of their learning curve. We described an approach utilising telementoring and team-based training to facilitate rapid attainment of the skills required for safe and efficient practice with a limited caseload. METHODS We conducted a prospective observational study of SFLP performed by the novice primary surgical team in three stages: under direct on-site supervision from an expert mentor (Group 1), with remote tele-guidance from that mentor (Group 2) and independently (Group 3), at an academic tertiary hospital in Singapore. The primary team undertook regular training on high-fidelity tissue models to accelerate skills acquisition and complement the surgical performance. RESULTS 9 patients diagnosed with Stage 2 TTTS were assessed for procedural characteristics, surgical outcomes and perinatal survival following SFLP. There were no significant differences in operative duration, anastomoses ablated, gestational age or birth weight at delivery. The complications observed were: recurrent TTTS (22.2% of pregnancies), twin anaemia polycythaemia sequence (33.3%), preterm prelabour membrane rupture (22.2%) and delivery at < 32 weeks (44.4%). ≥ 1 twin was live-born in 88.9% of cases, while postnatal survival to six months of ≥ 1 twin occurred in 77.8% of cases. CONCLUSION Systematic mentoring and specialised skills training are useful in aiding new surgeons to negotiate the steep learning curve and achieve good outcomes at the start of a new practice, particularly in the setting of low patient numbers. This is best paired with dedicated model training to achieve and maintain surgical dexterity for this complex procedure.
Epidemiology and outcome of septic arthritis in childhood: a 16-year experience and review of literature
Authors: Jeyanthi JC , Yi KM , Allen Jr JC , Gera SK , Mahadev A
Published: September 2020

INTRODUCTION Septic arthritis (SA) is a devastating infection with a high rate of sequelae. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the epidemiology, clinically significant sequelae and risk factors for developing these sequelae in children admitted to our hospital with SA. METHODS Patients with bacteriologically and/or radiologically confirmed SA from January 1999 to December 2014 were identified from discharge and laboratory records. Data was collected through a retrospective review of the case notes. RESULTS A total of 75 patients (62.7% male) met the inclusion criteria. The median age at presentation was six years (range two weeks to 15 years), and six patients were neonates. Microbiologic aetiology was determined in 40 (53.3%) patients, with Staphylococcus aureus being the most common organism. 68.0% of the patients underwent arthrotomy, and the average hospital stay was 15.3 days. Sequelae of SA were observed in nine patients on follow-up. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses showed that young age, pyogenic bacterial isolation and concomitant osteomyelitis were significant risk factors for developing sequelae. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that young age, pyogenic bacterial isolation and concomitant osteomyelitis are associated with a high risk of sequelae. Timely microbiologic diagnosis by novel polymerase chain reaction methods and the use of magnetic resonance imaging in high-risk children to identify adjacent infection could possibly prevent lifelong disabling sequelae in SA.
A new species of Holangus Pic, 1902 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae) from Hubei, China
Authors: WANG PING , XIE GUANGLIN , WANG WENKAI
Published: September 2020

Holangus shennongjiaensis sp. nov. from Shennongjia Forestry District, Hubei, China is described and illustrated.
Aphelocheirus narumonae sp.n., second species of the subgenus Micraphelocheirus Hoberlandt & Štys, 1979 (Hemiptera: Aphelocheiridae) from Thailand
Authors: ZETTEL HERBERT , RATTANACHAN KAEWPAWIKA
Published: September 2020

Aphelocheirus (Micraphelocheirus) narumonae sp.n. from northeastern Thailand is described. Collections of the new species originate from Khao Yai National Park and its surroundings. The new species is similar and probably closely related to Aphelocheirus (Micraphelocheirus) brevirostris Polhemus & Polhemus, 1989, an endemic species from northern Thailand. Differences are found mainly in the male genitalia and sculpture of the head and pronotum. A key to the species of Micraphelocheirus is provided.
Polycentropus dinkinsorum (Trichoptera: Polycentropodidae), a newly described caddisfly species from the southern Appalachian Mountains, USA
Authors: ORFINGER ALEXANDER B. , ETNIER DAVID A.
Published: September 2020

We describe here a new caddisfly species of the genus Polycentropus (Trichoptera: Polycentropodidae) based on males from numerous localities throughout the southern Appalachian Mountains of the United States. Polycentropus dinkinsorum is a member of the P. confusus Species Group and is readily separated from its congeners based on aspects of the male genitalia. A diagnosis and illustrations of male genitalia are provided. In addition, P. pentus Ross 1941 is reported for the first time from the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.
New species of caddisflies (Trichoptera: Psychomyiidae, Hydropsychidae, Leptoceridae) from Mekong tributaries, Cambodia
Authors: LAUDEE PONGSAK , KONG CHAMROEUN , MALICKY HANS
Published: September 2020

Males of four new species of caddisflies from Kampong Speu and Siem Reap provinces, Cambodia [Psychomyia kimcheangi n. sp. (Psychomyiidae), Macrostemum siemreapensis n. sp. (Hydropsychidae), Leptocerus angkorwatensis n. sp. (Leptoceridae), and Trichosetodes kampongspeuensis n. sp. (Leptoceridae)] are described and illustrated. Psychomyia kimcheangi n. sp. can be distinguished from other species by characters of the inferior appendages. The main body of each inferior appendage has two branches that are separated near its base but are parallel and close together until the end. In Macrostemum siemreapensis n. sp. the dorsal tip of the phallus has no curved hooklet but instead a knot-like protruding structure in ventral view and looped-like structure in dorsal view. Leptocerus angkorwatensis n. sp. can be distinguished from others by the characters of long needled-like preanal appendages. Trichosetodes kampongspeuensis is distinguished from others by the characters of segment IX in ventral view, which is asymmetrical, and inferior appendages that are not divided and asymmetrical.
Toward Collaborative Cross-Sector Business Models for Sustainability
Authors: Pedersen Esben Rahbek Gjerdrum , Lüdeke-Freund Florian , Henriques Irene , Seitanidi M. May
Published: September 2020

Sustainability challenges typically occur across sectoral boundaries, calling the state, market, and civil society to action. Although consensus exists on the merits of cross-sector collaboration, our understanding of whether and how it can create value for various, collaborating stakeholders is still limited. This special issue focuses on how new combined knowledge on cross-sector collaboration and business models for sustainability can inform the academic and practitioner debates about sustainability challenges and solutions. We discuss how cross-sector collaboration can play an important role for the transition to new and potentially sustainability-driven business models given that value creation, delivery, and capture of organizations are intimately related to the collaborative ties with their stakeholders. Sustainable alternatives to conventional business models tend to adopt a more holistic perspective of business by broadening the spectrum of solutions and stakeholders and, when aligned with cross-sector collaboration, can contribute new ways of addressing the wicked sustainability problems humanity faces.
Fabrication of rigid polyimide foams with overall enhancement of thermal and mechanical properties
Authors: Li Jianwei , Yu Ni , Ding Yuanqing , Xu Tianle , Zhang Guangcheng , Jing Zhanxin , Shi Xuetao
Published: September 2020

Polyimide (PI) foams have been developed for decades and widely used as thermal insulation materials. However, the limited mechanical and thermal properties continually being a serious problem that restrict their further applications. In this study, a series of rigid PI foams with excellent mechanical and thermal performance were fabricated by the reaction of benzophenone-3,3',4,4'-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA) with two diamines of 2–(4-aminophenyl)-5-aminobenzimidazole (BIA) and 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether (ODA) with various molar ratios, and the cis-5-norbornene-endo-2,3-dicarbox-ylic acid (NA) was introduced as end-capping and foaming agent. The results demonstrate that the foaming degree decreases with increasing the BIA molar ratio in the polymer chains owing to the elevated melt viscosity of precursor. Furthermore, the prepared rigid PI foams exhibit excellent thermal and mechanical properties. When the BIA contend up to 40 mol%, the glass transition temperature ( Tg) and the temperature at 10% of weight loss ( Td 10 %) of PI foam increased ∼80°C and ∼35°C in comparison with the pristine PI-0, respectively. In addition, the compressive strength and modulus at 10% strain of PI-4 reached to 5.48 MPa and 23.8 MPa, respectively. For the above-mentioned advantages, the prepared rigid PI foams are promising candidates as thermal insulation and structure support composite materials in the aerospace and aviation industries.
The Relationship Between Media Involvement and Death Anxiety of Self-Quarantined People in the COVID-19 Outbreak in China: The Mediating Roles of Empathy and Sympathy
Authors: Chen Xueming , Liu Tour , Li Peng , Wei Wanshu , Chao Miao
Published: September 2020

The COVID-19 outbreak put health threat to people globally, and self-quarantine was suggested by the Chinese government to contain the outbreak. In self-quarantine, media was the most important way to get information about the outbreak. However, the relationship between media involvement and death anxiety, and the underlying mechanism are poorly understood. We conducted an online survey of 917 participants to assess the media involvement and other potential factors (empathy, sympathy and affect) which might affect death anxiety. Correlation analysis and mediation models were conducted to examine the relationship between media involvement and death anxiety, and the possible mediating roles of empathy, sympathy, and affect. It was found that media involvement was positively associated with death anxiety. Empathy, sympathy, and negative affect played mediating roles between them. However, empathy and sympathy act differently in the association, as empathy could lead to the increase of negative affect, while sympathy did not.
‘There is no “war on drugs”’: An investigation into county line drug networks from the perspective of a London borough
Authors: Bonning John , Cleaver Karen
Published: September 2020

County Line Drug Networks involve the transportation of drugs from urban hubs to out of city locations across the UK. County lines are a societal concern as they involve the recruitment of vulnerable individuals (adults and children), who are used as runners, exposing them to hazardous and often violent situations. This paper reports on a small scale study which provides a snapshot of the characteristics of nominals involved in county line drug network within a London Borough as well as the perspective of three expert practitioners who have substantial and detailed operational knowledge of how county line operatives work.
Remembering the Super-Typhoon: Some, but Not All, Qualities of First-Hand Survivor Memories of Natural Disaster Are Similar to Near Death Experience and Flashbulb Memory Accounts
Authors: Bond Gary D. , Pasko Brian , Solis-Perez Federico , Sisneros Caydence S. , Gonzales Angelina F. , Bargo Ann J. B. , Walker W. Richard
Published: September 2020

The strongest storm in Philippines history, super-typhoon Haiyan, barreled through central Philippines in 2013 and left a high death toll and extensive destruction in its wake. Past studies have investigated Fading Affect Bias (FAB) in extremely negative situations like the death of a loved one and found that the FAB generally occurs in those extreme situations, but this study is the first to assess FAB in first-hand memories for a natural disaster survival situation. The FAB phenomenon is the tendency for emotional intensity associated with negative memories for events to fade over time and emotional intensity for positive events stays relatively stable over time. Researchers collected memories for the super-typhoon from survivors three years after the event. Results showed that negative emotional intensity for the event faded after the event. Emotion in comparison positive memories for non-typhoon events did not fade, and emotion in comparison negative memories faded, following results in several other FAB studies. The Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) was used as an initial assessment of mood before the study began, and PANAS scores reliably predicted current emotional intensity scores. Memory vividness and emotional intensity in first-hand accounts of a natural disaster experience behave like vividness and intensity in flashbulb memories, but details in first-hand accounts are similar to the amount of details in memories of near-death experiences. How memory rehearsal behaves in relation to time elapsed since event has yet to be captured for first-hand survival experiences.
Modeling and detection of the prepared tool edge radius
Authors: Xuefeng Zhao , Hui Li , Lin He , Meng Tao
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

High-speed and high-efficient machining is the inevitable development direction of machining technology. The tool edge preparation can improve the life, cutting performance, and surface quality of a tool and help to achieve high-speed and efficient machining. Therefore, precise modeling and detection of the micron-level contour of a tool edge are crucial for edge preparation. The aim of this study is to provide the model and detect method of the prepared tool edge radius.

Methods:

The mathematical model of the milling tool trajectory is established through the Matlab. The material removal model by single abrasive particle is established based on the energy conservation principle and energy absorption theory. The material removal model by multiple abrasive grains on the cutting tool edge is constructed using the statistical methods. The mathematical model of the edge radius is established through the geometrical relationship. The milling edge preparation contour detection system is setup based on the machine vision principle through LabVIEW software. Finally, the edge radius at different process parameters is determined by the mathematical model and detection system, and the results are compared with the results of the scanning electron microscopic measurement (SEM).

Results:

Through the Comparison and analysis of the edge radius measured by the SEM and calculated by the proposed model. The maximum error between the analytical results and SEM measurements is 11.18 μm, while the minimum error is 0.07 μm. Through the comparison and analysis of the edge radius measured by the SEM and the edge detection system. The maximum difference between the two methods is 2.71 μm, and the minimum difference is 0.31 μm. The maximum difference in percentage is 9.2%, and the minimum difference in percentage is 1.2%.

Discussions:

The edge preparation mechanisms of a single particle and multiple particles on the tool edge are explained. A mathematical model of the edge radius is established, which provides a basis for a deeper understanding of the edge preparation effect. Based on the machine vision principle, the prepared tool micron-level edge detection method is proposed. The histogram specification method, median filtering, multi-threshold segmentation method, and Canny edge detection operator are adopted to obtain the edge contour. The comparison result shows that the mathematical model of the edge radius is accurate, and the proposed tool edge detection method is feasible, which lays the foundation for edge preparation and realization of high-speed and high-efficient machining.
Promising Practices for Improving Identification of English Learners for Gifted and Talented Programs
Authors: Gubbins E. Jean , Siegle Del , Peters Pamela M. , Carpenter Ashley Y. , Hamilton Rashea , McCoach D. Betsy , Puryear Jeb S. , Langley Susan Dulong , Long Daniel
Published: September 2020

The underrepresentation of English learners (ELs) in gifted and talented programs is a societal and research problem that merits investigation. Three state departments of education and their state directors of gifted programs supported our access to 16 schools across nine districts. In these three states with gifted identification and programming mandates, ELs were proportionally represented in gifted and talented programs in the 16 schools we visited. Interview data from 225 participants revealed four themes: adopting universal screening procedures, creating alternative pathways to identification, establishing a web of communication, and using professional learning as a lever for change.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists as neuroprotective agents for ischemic stroke: a systematic scoping review
Authors: Maskery Mark P , Holscher Christian , Jones Stephanie P , Price Christopher I , Strain W David , Watkins Caroline L , Werring David J , Emsley Hedley CA
Published: September 2020

Stroke mortality and morbidity is expected to rise. Despite considerable recent advances within acute ischemic stroke treatment, scope remains for development of widely applicable neuroprotective agents. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), originally licensed for the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, have demonstrated pre-clinical neuroprotective efficacy in a range of neurodegenerative conditions. This systematic scoping review reports the pre-clinical basis of GLP-1RAs as neuroprotective agents in acute ischemic stroke and their translation into clinical trials. We included 35 pre-clinical studies, 11 retrospective database studies, 7 cardiovascular outcome trials and 4 prospective clinical studies. Pre-clinical neuroprotection was demonstrated in normoglycemic models when administration was delayed by up to 24 h following stroke induction. Outcomes included reduced infarct volume, apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation alongside increased neurogenesis, angiogenesis and cerebral blood flow. Improved neurological function and a trend towards increased survival were also reported. Cardiovascular outcomes trials reported a significant reduction in stroke incidence with semaglutide and dulaglutide. Retrospective database studies show a trend towards neuroprotection. Prospective interventional clinical trials are on-going, but initial indicators of safety and tolerability are favourable. Ultimately, we propose that repurposing GLP-1RAs is potentially advantageous but appropriately designed trials are needed to determine clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness.
Long-term outcome of endovascular therapy for acute basilar artery occlusion
Authors: Wu Longfei , Zhang Da , Chen Jian , Sun Chenghe , Ji Kangxiang , Li Weili , Zhao Wenbo , Li Chuanhui , Wu Chuanjie , Li Ming , Wu Di , Ji Xunming
Published: September 2020

The long-term functional outcome of acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) patients who received modern endovascular therapy (EVT) is unclear. We sought to assess the long-term functional outcome of BAO patients treated with EVT and determine the prognostic factors associated with favorable outcome. We enrolled consecutive BAO patients who received EVT between December 2012 and December 2018 in this observational study. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were presented. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the prognostic factors associated with long-term outcome. Among the 177 BAO patients included in this study, 80 patients (45.2%) obtained favorable outcome and 97 patients (54.8%) had unfavorable outcome at long-term follow-up with a median observation time of 12 months (interquartile range, 3–19). A total of 67 patients (37.9%) died. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), posterior circulation Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (pc-ASPECTS), time from stroke onset to recanalization, and recanalization condition were identified as independent predictors for long-term outcome. Over 40% of BAO patients who were treated with modern EVT achieved favorable outcome at long-term follow-up. NIHSS, pc-ASPECTS, time from stroke onset to recanalization, and recanalization condition were identified as independent prognostic factors of long-term outcome.