bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The 2008—2013 Crisis as Metastasis. A Preview of the 2nd edition of The Cancer Stage of Capitalism by Pluto Press
Authors: McMurtry John
Published: August 2020

The cancer stage of capitalism is not a metaphor. It is a diagnosis of a world-system disorder which becomes cumulatively worse the longer it is unrecognised.[1]
COVID-19, Australia: Epidemiology Report 21: Fortnightly reporting period ending 19 July 2020
Authors:   COVID-19 National Incident Room Surveillance Team
Published: August 2020

Confirmed cases in Australia: 12,636 notifications and 147 deaths as at 19 July 2020; during the latest reporting fortnight (6 to 19 July 2020) there have been 3,791 notifications and 37 deaths. The number of new cases reported nationally increased from 897 in the previous fortnight (22 June to 5 July) to 3,791 (6 to 19 July). The large increase in cases is due to multiple epidemiologically-linked outbreaks across a range of settings and locations in Victoria (94%; 3,575 cases), with very few cases reported by other jurisdictions (216) in this reporting period. Of the 3,575 cases reported in Victoria, all except one were reported as locally acquired. The majority of these cases were linked to several outbreaks. Of the 216 cases reported from other jurisdictions, approximately 55% (119 cases) were locally acquired. A total of 37 deaths were reported, all from Victoria. On average, 271 cases were reported each day over the reporting period, an increase from 54 cases per day over the previous reporting period. Testing rates have increased across all jurisdictions, predominantly in Victoria, with the nationwide cumulative positivity rate remaining very low at less than 0.5%. As at 19 July, a small proportion of cases have experienced severe disease, requiring hospitalisation or intensive care, with some fatalities. The cumulative crude case fatality rate amongst Australian cases is 1.2%. People who are older and have one or more comorbidity are more likely to experience severe disease.
Надежность летного состава как фактор обеспечения безопасности полетов
Authors: Исаев Алексей Валерьевич
Published: August 2020

Цель. Выявить наличие предпосылок для исследования проблемы полинадежности летного состава.

Методы. Теоретический анализ проблемы надежности человека-оператора в сложных системах управления.

Результаты. Описано влияние технократического подхода на надежность летчика в экстремальных условиях, отражены некоторые подходы к изучению надежности человека-оператора, установлено, что классическое определение надежности не предполагает выполнения необходимых функций в изменившихся условиях, создана предпосылка к исследованию проблемы полинадежности человека-оператора.

Область применения исследований. Представленные результаты могут быть использованы для дальнейшего исследования проблемы полинадежности человека-оператора в сложных системах управления.
Penerapan Arima Dan Artificial Neural Network Untuk Prediksi Penderita DBD Di Kabupaten Sragen
Authors: Setiawan Hendra , Utami Ema , Al Fatta Hanif
Published: August 2020

Jumlah penderita DBD di kabupaten Sragen beberapa tahun terakhir terus meningkat yang kemudian diperparah dengan perubahan musim. Kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat pada permasalahan DBD ini disebabkan ketidakpedulian dan ketidaktahuan masyarakat pada bahaya DBD dan penyebarannya. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah ada, pola persebaran DBD juga dipengaruhi oleh factor lingkungan seperti pola pergerakan penduduk yang dipengaruhi oleh seberapa baik sistem dan sarana transportasi yang ada. Berdasarkan fakta ini, penulis berusaha menerapkan beberapa metode peramalan jumlah penderita DBD untuk melihat adakah pengaruh yang nyata antara seberapa baik system transportasi dengan jumlah penderita DBD dan meningkatkan tingkat kesadaran masyarakat dan mempermudah pihak-pihak yang membutuhkan data penyebaran penderita DBD di Kabupaten Sragen pada periode-periode yang dibutuhkan. Model-model yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah model ARIMA, Backpropagation, dan Estimasi Titik. Proses prediksi dilakukan dengan membagi proses peramalan menjadi dua berdasarkan dataset yang digunakan yaitu dataset mulai tahun 2013 sampai tahun 2106 untuk data yang masih lengkap dan dataset mulai tahun 2010 sampai tahun 2016 untuk dataset yang tidak lengkap karena data yang hilang atau data yang rusak. Data-data yang digunakan sebagai dataset adalah data-data yang diambil dari data jumlah penderita di kabupaten Sragen. Proses peramalan pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melakukan proses peramalan dengan metode ARIMA dan LSTM pada dua dataset yang telah dipersiapkan.
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Ketrampilan Kerja Tim di Kapal Terhadap Keselamatan Pelayaran Menurut Undang -Undang Pelayaran
Authors: Wiyono S. Teguh , Kuncowati Kuncowati
Published: August 2020

Ketika bekerja di kapal niaga maupun kapal penumpang  awak kapal mendapat tugas  yang dibagi dalam tim – tim kerja  seperti tugas kegiatan manouver sandar, sedang sandar, berlabuh jangkar, bernavigasi, bongkar muat , maintenance, latihan darurat dan dalam keadaan darurat. Dalam bekerja ketrampilan kerja tim sangat diperlukan namun terkadang dijumpai dikapal, perintah dari atasan ke bawahan kurang dipahami, ketrampilan  dan kekompakan tim yang kurang. Dalam kerjasama tim di kapal faktor kepemimpinan dan ketrampilan kerja tim sangat diperlukan supaya pekerjaan menjadi cepat, tepat dan tercapai tujuan keselamatan pelayaran,  oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kepemimpinan dan ketrampilan kerja tim terhadap keselamatan pelayaran menurut undang – undang RI tentang Pelayaran ( UU No.17 Th.2008 ). Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah awak kapal niaga yang sedang berada di Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak Surabaya dengan jumlah 90 ( Sembilan puluh ) responden. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitati dengan metode analisis regresi linier. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa  faktor kepemimpinan  dan ketrampilan kerjasama tim pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap keselamatan pelayaran  sesuai UU Pelayaran ( UU No 17 Th.2008 ) sebesar 44,4 % dan diperoleh suatu persamaan Y = 3,636 + 0,464 X1 + 0,331 X2 + µ.
Analisis Key Performance Indikator (Studi Kasus pada PT. Asgility)
Authors: Siom Firstson
Published: August 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh delivery order, custom clearance, dan delivery terhadap key performance indicators (KPI) menggunakan metode korelasional pada PT. Agility sebagai freight forwarding. Pengumpulan data dengan survey.  Hasilnya penerbitan delivery order tidak berpengaruh  terhadap delivery, custom clearance  berpengaruh langsung terhadap delivery, penerbitan delivery order berpengaruh langsung terhadap pencapaian KPI, custom clearance  berpengaruh langsung terhadap pencapaian KPI, dan terakhir delivery berpengaruh langsung terhadap pencapaian KPI.
ERRATUM TO: FACTORS RELATED TO DEPRESSION AMONG OLDER PEOPLE LIVING IN CIMAHI, WEST JAVA PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Authors: Gustryanti Kiki , Thongpat Sunanta , Maneerat Sonthaya
Published: August 2020

After publication of the article (Gustryanti et al., 2017), it has been brought to our attention that the wrong title was used on initial publication. The correct title of this article is “Factors related to depression among older people living in Cimahi, West Java Province, Indonesia”. The original version of the article has been updated to reflect this.

In addition, the reference format in this article has also been updated. The publisher apologizes for the minor errors.

The corrected article can be seen in the following doi: https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.50
The role of legal ideology and legal doctrine in shaping national legal culture
Authors: L. Makarenko
Published: August 2020

The article reveals the role of legal ideology and legal doctrine in shaping national legal culture. Stated about the absence in our society of well-established legal ideology and the necessity of its formation and implementation. Especially important is the latter, given the practice of continuous implementation in Ukraine of the constitutional and other «reforms» that only aggravate the situation of legal culture. It is noted that for the formation of legal culture in Ukraine, it is necessary to develop scientifically sound legal doctrine, which should be carried out appropriate legal policy of the state. However in Ukraine, the state and legal reform are implemented without a clear doctrinal approach, as indicated by a critical assessment of the judicial reform. On this basis we believe that the key to the domestic legal doctrine should be the issues of judicial reform and the development of legal science and education. Quality legal education is impossible without the legal science, which needs to develop scientifically sound theory of legal culture.
Keywords: legal culture and national legal culture, legal doctrine, legal ideology, corruption.
Main directions of improving the methodology of comparative history of law in the context of comparative legal science
Authors: А. Shevchenko , S. Kudin
Published: August 2020

The article examines the main directions of improving the methodology of comparative history of law in the context of comparative legal science. It is proved that the comparative historical approach includes a basic comparative historical method, and taking about the principles of interdisciplinary, it can integrate the methodological capabilities of those tools that are used in other areas of scientific knowledge. It is found that the comparative historical method integrates the existing ways, methods and techniques of comparative knowledge of all forms of reflection of historical and legal reality. It is revealed that the use of a comparative historical approach and method in the area of comparative history of law allows us to learn the general, special and unique in the historical and legal development of diverse manifestations and forms of reflection of historical and legal reality in relation to various "non-legal" phenomena. It is proved that such knowledge is based on the integration of subject knowledge and the plurality of their understanding.
It is found that the comparative-historical approach can attract the possibilities of methodological approaches used in the Humanities and social Sciences and adapted to the knowledge of legal reality (anthropological, humanistic, civilization). In the comparative history of law area, they «aim» at the scientific study of historical and legal reality, and the comparative-historical approach integrates the acquired knowledge for the purpose of comparative research of the historical and legal development of its manifestations and forms of reflection. It is established that the comparative-historical approach not only integrates this knowledge, but also "processes" it in the comparative perspective of knowledge.
It is proved that it becomes possible to receive and accumulate substantive knowledge about the historical dynamics of human and civil rights and freedoms, the legal status of various sectors of the population in any spatial geographical scope with the variety of their forms reflect, subject to the identification of common and different", "equal and opposite"; it becomes possible to clarify the common and different», «equal and opposite to the historical development of "human right" in different societies. It is proved that the comparative historical approach based on the recognition of the equivalence of the "legal values" of all civilizations and the fact that any civilization can not be considered as an ideal model, searches for and integrates the common and different", "identical and opposite", "common and different", "confrontational-dangerous", "sensational, explosive", that caused in history the non-perception and rejection of the "legal values" of other civilizations.
Key words: legal science, comparative history of law, methodology, comparative historical approach, historical-legal reality.
Partnership Biarritz: national context and international recognition
Authors: N.O. Paliy
Published: August 2020

This article highlights the issues of equal women’s access to professions. The purpose of the study is to analyse Biarritz Partnership platform as an international gender equality initiative. Biarritz Partnership gives an opportunity to learn about positive international experience that can be a subject for imitation and use in national systems, including in Ukraine.
At present, Ukraine has chosen a course to consolidate gender equality legislation, in particular, equal opportunities for women in profession. The confirmation of this is the initiation of Ukraine's accession to Biarritz Partnership.
In the course of the study, it was analysed recommendations, mainly for the countries G7 regarding implementation of the progressive laws to ensure gender equality. Specifically, it was analysed such areas of combating discrimination against women, as: ending gender-based violence, ensuring inclusive, equitable, and quality education and health, promote the economic empowerment of women, and ensuring full gender equality in policies and in public life.
The article focuses on the gender equality platform, which provides to countries the strategic opportunity to take a significant step toward equality through the adoption of laws and their implementation. In particular, the article analyses the Recommendation of the Gender Equality Advisory Council for advancing gender equality and the empowerment of girls and women and Call to Action. Recommendation of the Gender Equality Advisory Council contains illustrations of the laws of certain country, adoption of whose show positive developments in the area of women's rights. The platform of gender equality is created for discussion that allows leaders of G7 members and other countries to focus on gender equality, and in particular, on women's access to the profession. Biarritz Partnership draws countries' attention to urgent issues and encourages countries to dialogue to close gaps in gender legislation.
The article focuses on the importance of studying, discussing and researching the international experience of countries where there is a positive practice of implementation legislation concerning women's access to the profession. This is the key to a quality settlement of the issue of protection of women's rights in Ukraine.
The practical significance of this article is to explore the issue of women's free choice of profession. Such knowledge will help to remove barriers to women's access to economic opportunities.
Scientific developments in this field can be used to ensure gender equality, to amend in the existing legislative of Ukraine in order to protect human rights to women's free choice of profession and place of work.
Keywords: Biarritz partnership, gender equality, women's access to the profession, free choice of professions, protection of human rights
Transformation of local self-government in context decentralization of public power in unitary Ukraine
Authors: M. O. Pukhtynskyi
Published: August 2020

The process of transformation of local self-government is connected with solving a complex of problems of its provision. Among them, the constitutional and legal problems of territorial governance, which are the subject of this study, play a significant role. In Ukraine, a course of improvement of Ukrainian unitarism was chosen through widespread decentralization of public power, formation of capable, effective local government on this basis as active interaction and cooperation of subjects, local self-government institutions, executive power, civil society, business environment. This approach actualizes the constitutional and legal discourse of decentralization. The article discusses the issues of constitutional and legislative support for the reform of the territorial organization of power.
A constitutional and legal understanding of the decentralization of public power in the context of the provisions of the current Basic Law is given.
Modern approaches to amending the Constitution of Ukraine in terms of decentralization of public power, reforming local self-government, and territorial administration are critically analyzed. The novelties of legislative developments concerning territorial governance are considered.
The urgency of sectoral decentralization in areas such as local finance, education, health care, social protection, housing and communal services, administrative services, communal land and property, sustainable economic development, human resources, etc. is emphasized.
It is noted that, given the principles of constitutionalism, the existing potential of the Constitution should be exploited, the shortcomings of permanent, point-to-point modification overcome, the careful and careful approach to regional level of territorial governance. It is emphasized that the transformation of local self-government in the context of decentralization of public power must be carried out in a comprehensive and systematic manner, taking into account the preservation and strengthening of the unitary nature of Ukraine.
Keywords: transformation of local self-government, decentralization of public power, territorial governance, constitutional and legal support of reform, unitary principles of Ukraine.
Law-Making as an Important Guarantee of Human Rights
Authors: O. Lynnyk
Published: August 2020

The article is dedicated to the doctrinal justification of the category of judicial law-making. The systematic identification of deficiencies in positive law, as well as the inconsistency in Ukrainian case-law, has led to the fact that filling in the gaps in law and legislation has informally become the competence of the national courts. This has caused the emergence of quasi-precedents claiming a place in the system of sources of law, has led to the regulation of the boundaries of judicial discretion in the court rulings and the need for the distinction of jurisprudence and judicial precedent. The article investigates the scientists’ approaches to the definitions of new legal forms, comparing controversial points of view about the legal nature of the law-making role of judges. The article also focuses on the issue of the binding character of high courts’ decisions to the lower ones in future similar cases, as well as on the problem of recognition of national and international jurisprudence as a source of law in Ukraine. Based on the analysis of different forms of judicial law-making and its relationship with the principles of law, such as rule of law and legal certainty, the author has formulated the definition and the features of the concept in question. The article defines the role of judicial law-making in the mechanism of guaranteeing and protection of human rights and proposes new ways of legalization at the normative level of law-making of the courts.

Key words: judicial law-making, precedent, legal provisions, human rights, case law, court.
Social rights and social policy: the relationship and interdependence
Authors: M. M. Turchyn
Published: August 2020

In the general system of rights and freedoms of modern man a special place is occupied by social rights, which are designed to provide each person with a fair and dignified life, to create conditions for his proper physical and social existence, social and professional activities and more. Everyone daily realizes or at least seeks to realize at least one social right guaranteed to him by a democratic state governed by the rule of law. These include such important social rights as the right to education, the right to work, the right to health care, the right to rest, the right to housing, the right to a decent and timely wage, and so on.

Only a state with a high level of economic development can be social, and the social orientation of the state must be taken into account in the structure of the economy. According to some scholars, the moment of the real emergence of welfare states should be attributed to the sixties of the twentieth century.

When identifying as a priority function of socio-economic development the direction of ensuring the country's competitiveness in the world market, which today is almost the main principle of economic development of any state, we can not simultaneously neglect the function of social integration and consolidation of society, according to a number of studies, significantly increases the vulnerability of the population to the challenges of social risks, especially in a modern pandemic.

Key words: law, social rights, social policy, human rights, legislation.
Administrative and legal doctrine and modern administrative legislation
Authors: O.F. Andriyko , V.P. Nagrebelnyi
Published: August 2020

In the article the present state of the doctrine of administrative law as one of the most important sectors in the legal system of Ukraine. The features of this branch of law and tendencies of its development and the acquisition of new essential characteristics under the influence of various factors of political, state-legal and public life.
The focus is on direct influence of administrative law doctrine for updates of administrative law. As shown by the analysis, at present it does not fully conform to standards of civilization civil, legal, democratic and social society in the conditions of constant transformation of public administration system in transition.
Separately, the necessity of a gradual introduction of ideology into the practice of domestic administrative law in the implementation and protection of constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens in their relations with the state and the state apparatus.
Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the current administrative legislation of Ukraine, its convergence with other sectors of the domestic legislation and European Union law.
It is noted that the increase in the number of administrative-legal acts in the rapid development of information technology and the various available forms of the use of modern technical means in the information environment creates certain problems. It is that continuous additions and amendments to relevant legal acts in all their openness and accessibility are difficult in their application. Also exacerbated the problem of integration of multiple acts that relate to tangential issues. Enacted legislation (including in respect of administrative-legal sphere), though timely, however, still not provided a mechanism for their implementation, or are those that require additions or changes.
The conclusions reflect the results of the study and separately stated that the matter of updating the administrative law doctrines, ideas, theoretical constructs, representation of the directions of development of society, the state and public administration, building and activities of the Executive authorities and their relations with citizens and non-state entities should be the subject of ongoing research and discussions, public discussions. The same applies to the ways and prospects of improvement of administrative legislation and the feasibility of its systematization and codification.
Key words: legal doctrine, administrative-legal doctrine, public administration, ideology of anthropocentrism, administrative legislation.
Natural-Based Antioxidant Extracts as Potential Mitigators of Fruit Browning
Authors: Dias Cindy , Fonseca Alexandre M. A. , Amaro Ana L. , Vilas-Boas Ana A. , Oliveira Ana , Santos Sonia A. O. , Silvestre Armando J. D. , Rocha Sílvia M. , Isidoro Nélson , Pintado Manuela
Published: August 2020

Fruit enzymatic browning (EB) inhibition continues to be a challenge in the Food Industry. This physiological disorder results mainly from the oxidation of natural phenolic compounds by polyphenoloxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POX) leading to the formation of brown pigments. EB can be controlled with the application of antioxidants, reducing/inhibiting the activity of these oxidative enzymes. In this study, strawberry tree (leaves and branches) and apple byproduct were the natural-based extracts (NES) selected, as potential tissue browning inhibitors, within a first screening of fifteen natural-based extracts with antioxidant properties. Phenolic profile, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the selected extracts were also performed as well as their depletion effect on the oxidative enzyme’s activity and browning inhibiton in fresh-cut pears. Strawberry tree extracts (leaves and branches) revealed higher total phenolic content (207.97 ± 0.01 mg GAE.gNES−1 and 104.07 ± 16.38 mg GAE.gNES−1, respectively), confirmed by the plethora of phenolic compounds identified by LC-ESI-UHR-QqTOF-HRMS and quantified by HPLC. This phytochemical composition was reflected in the low IC50 against PPO and POX obtained. Despite the lower phenolic content (6.76 ± 0.11 mg GAE.gNES−1) and antioxidant activity (IC50 = 45.59 ± 1.34 mg mL−1), apple byproduct extract showed potential in delaying browning. This study highlights the opportunity of byproducts and agricultural wastes extracts as novel anti-browning agents.
Coupling of Fibrin Reorganization and Fibronectin Patterning by Corneal Fibroblasts in Response to PDGF BB and TGFβ1
Authors: Miron-Mendoza Miguel , Vazquez Dalia , García-Rámila Nerea , Ikebe Hikaru R. , Petroll W. Matthew
Published: August 2020

We previously reported that corneal fibroblasts within 3D fibrin matrices secrete, bind, and organize fibronectin into tracks that facilitate cell spreading and migration. Other cells use these fibronectin tracks as conduits, which leads to the development of an interconnected cell/fibronectin network. In this study, we investigate how cell-induced reorganization of fibrin correlates with fibronectin track formation in response to two growth factors present during wound healing: PDGF BB, which stimulates cell spreading and migration; and TGFβ1, which stimulates cellular contraction and myofibroblast transformation. Both PDGF BB and TGFβ1 stimulated global fibrin matrix contraction (p < 0.005); however, the cell and matrix patterning were different. We found that, during PDGF BB-induced cell spreading, fibronectin was organized simultaneously with the generation of tractional forces at the leading edge of pseudopodia. Over time this led to the formation of an interconnected network consisting of cells, fibronectin and compacted fibrin tracks. Following culture in TGFβ1, cells were less motile, produced significant local fibrin reorganization, and formed fewer cellular connections as compared to PDGF BB (p < 0.005). Although bands of compacted fibrin tracks developed in between neighboring cells, fibronectin labeling was not generally present along these tracks, and the correlation between fibrin and fibronectin labeling was significantly less than that observed in PDGF BB (p < 0.001). Taken together, our results show that cell-induced extracellular matrix (ECM) reorganization can occur independently from fibronectin patterning. Nonetheless, both events seem to be coordinated, as corneal fibroblasts in PDGF BB secrete and organize fibronectin as they preferentially spread along compacted fibrin tracks between cells, producing an interconnected network in which cells, fibronectin and compacted fibrin tracks are highly correlated. This mechanism of patterning could contribute to the formation of organized cellular networks that have been observed following corneal injury and refractive surgery.
Robotic Stereotactic Assistance (ROSA) for Pediatric Epilepsy: A Single-Center Experience of 23 Consecutive Cases
Authors: Nelson Jonathon H. , Brackett Samantha L. , Oluigbo Chima O. , Reddy Srijaya K.
Published: August 2020

Robotic assisted neurosurgery has become increasingly utilized for its high degree of precision and minimally invasive approach. Robotic stereotactic assistance (ROSA®) for neurosurgery has been infrequently reported in the pediatric population. The goal of this case series was to describe the clinical experience, anesthetic and operative management, and treatment outcomes for pediatric patients with intractable epilepsy undergoing ROSA® neurosurgery at a single-center institution. Patients who underwent implantation of stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) leads for intractable epilepsy with ROSA® were retrospectively evaluated between August 2016 and June 2018. Demographics, perioperative management details, complications, and preliminary seizure outcomes after resective or ablative surgery were reviewed. Nineteen children who underwent 23 ROSA® procedures for SEEG implantation were included in the study. Mean operative time was 148 min. Eleven patients had subsequent resective or ablative surgery, and ROSA® was used to assist with laser probe insertion in five patients for seizure foci ablation. In total, 148 SEEG electrodes were placed without any perioperative complications. ROSA® is minimally invasive, provides superior accuracy for electrode placement, and requires less time than traditional surgical approaches for brain mapping. This emerging technology may improve the perioperative outcomes for pediatric patients with intractable epilepsy since large craniotomies are avoided; however, long-term follow-up studies are needed.
Advancements in Real-Time Simulation for the Validation of Grid Modernization Technologies
Authors: Sidwall Kati , Forsyth Paul
Published: August 2020

Real-time simulation and hardware-in-the-loop testing have increased in popularity as grid modernization has become more widespread. As the power system has undergone an evolution in the types of generator and load deployed on the system, the penetration and capabilities of automation and monitoring systems, and the structure of the energy market, a corresponding evolution has taken place in the way we model and test power system behavior and equipment. Consequently, emerging requirements for real-time simulators are very high when it comes to simulation fidelity, interfacing options, and ease of use. Ongoing advancements from a processing hardware, graphical user interface, and power system modelling perspective have enabled utilities, manufacturers, educational and research institutions, and consultants to apply real-time simulation to grid modernization projects. This paper summarizes various recent advancements from a particular simulator manufacturer, RTDS Technologies Inc. Many of these advancements have been enabled by growth in the high-performance processing space and the emerging availability of high-end processors for embedded designs. Others have been initiated or supported by developer participation in power industry working groups and study committees.
Flow, Sediment, and Morpho-Dynamics of River Confluence in Tidal and Non-Tidal Environments
Authors: Bilal Ahmed , Xie Qiancheng , Zhai Yanyan
Published: August 2020

River confluences are the key features of the drainage basins, as their hydrological, geomorphological, and ecological nature strongly influences the downstream river characteristics. The river reaches near the coastal zones, which also makes them under the influence of tidal currents in addition to their runoff. This causes a bi-directional flow and makes the study of confluences more interesting and complex in these areas. There is a reciprocal adjustment of flow, sediment, and morphology at a confluence, and its behaviors, differ greatly in tidal and non-tidal environments. Existing studies of the river junctions provide a good account of information about the hydrodynamics and bed morphology of the confluent areas, especially the unidirectional ones. The main factors which affect the flow field include the angle of confluence, flow-related ratios (velocity, discharge, and momentum) of the merging streams, and bed discordance. Hydraulically, six notable zones are identified for unidirectional confluences. However, for bi-directional (tidal) junctions, hydrodynamic zones always remain in transition but repeat in a cycle and make four different arrangements of flow features. This study discusses the hydrodynamics, sediment transport, morphological changes, and the factors affecting these processes and reviews the recent research about the confluences for these issues. All of these studies provide insights into the morpho-dynamics in tidal and non-tidal confluent areas.
Leishmania Immunity: Advancing Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development
Authors: Ikeogu Nnamdi M. , Akaluka Gloria N. , Edechi Chidalu A. , Salako Enitan S. , Onyilagha Chukwunonso , Barazandeh Aida F. , Uzonna Jude E.
Published: August 2020

Parasitic diseases still constitute a major global health problem affecting billions of people around the world. These diseases are capable of becoming chronic and result in high morbidity and mortality. Worldwide, millions of people die each year from parasitic diseases, with the bulk of those deaths resulting from parasitic protozoan infections. Leishmaniasis, which is a disease caused by over 20 species of the protozoan parasite belonging to the genus Leishmania, is an important neglected disease. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 12 million people are currently infected in about 98 countries and about 2 million new cases occur yearly, resulting in about 50,000 deaths each year. Current treatment methods for leishmaniasis are not very effective and often have significant side effects. In this review, we discussed host immunity to leishmaniasis, various treatment options currently being utilized, and the progress of both immunotherapy and vaccine development strategies used so far in leishmaniasis. We concluded with insights into what the future holds toward the fight against this debilitating parasitic disease.
Differential miRNA-Gene Expression in M Cells in Response to Crohn’s Disease-Associated AIEC
Authors: Larabi Anaïs , Salesse Laurène , Cordonnier Charlotte , Etienne-Mesmin Lucie , Barnich Nicolas , Dalmasso Guillaume , Nguyen Hang Thi Thu
Published: August 2020

Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC), which abnormally colonize the ileal mucosa of Crohn’s disease (CD) patients, are able to invade intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and translocate through M cells overlying Peyer’s patches. The levels of microRNA (miRNA) and gene expression in IECs and M cells upon AIEC infection have not been investigated. Here, we used human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 monolayers and an in vitro M-cell model of AIEC translocation to analyze comprehensive miRNA and gene profiling under basal condition and upon infection with the reference AIEC LF82 strain. Our results showed that AIEC LF82 translocated through M cells but not Caco-2 monolayers. Both differential gene expression and miRNA profile in M cells compared to Caco-2 cells were obtained. In addition, AIEC infection induces changes in gene and miRNA profiles in both Caco-2 and M cells. In silico analysis showed that certain genes dysregulated upon AIEC infection were potential targets of AIEC-dysregulated miRNAs, suggesting a miRNA-mediated regulation of gene expression during AIEC infection in Caco-2, as well as M cells. This study facilitates the discovery of M cell-specific and AIEC response-specific gene-miRNA signature and enhances the molecular understanding of M cell biology under basal condition and in response to infection with CD-associated AIEC.
Improvement of the Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Infection Model for Post-Weaning Diarrhea by Controlling for Bacterial Adhesion, Pig Breed and MUC4 Genotype
Authors: Matsumoto Hiroki , Miyagawa Masashi , Takahashi Sayaka , Shima Ryouichi , Oosumi Takayuki
Published: August 2020

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major cause of post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) in pigs and causes significant damage to the swine industry worldwide. In recent years, there has been increased regulation against the use of antibacterial agents in swine due to their health risks. Utilizing experimental models that consistently recapitulate PWD is important for the development of non-antibacterial agents against PWD in pigs. In this study, we established a highly reproducible PWD infection model by examining differences in adhesion of ETEC to the intestinal tissue as well as the association between MUC4 polymorphisms and sensitivity to PWD. Post-weaning diarrhea differences between pig breeds were also examined. The adhesion to enterocytes varied from 104.0 to 106.4 CFU/mL even among the F4 ETEC strains. Experimental infection revealed that PWD can be induced in all MUC4 genotypes after infection with 1010 CFU/pig of highly adherent ETEC, although there were variable sensitivities between the genotypes. Lowly adherent ETEC did not cause PWD as efficiently as did highly adherent ETEC. The incidence of PWD was confirmed for all pigs with the ETEC-susceptible MUC4 genotypes in all of the breeds. These results indicate that high-precision and reproducible experimental infection is possible regardless of pig breeds by controlling factors on the pig-end (MUC4 genotype) and the bacterial-end (adhesion ability).
China’s Belt and Road Initiative and the Rise of Yuan –Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Y. Uppal Jamshed , Mudakkar Syeda Rabab
Published: August 2020

The Chinese yuan is poised to become an international currency and play a major role in global finance which will havesignificantconsequencesfor countries, like Pakistan,which haverecently seen large inflows of the Chinese capital. Thispaper presents empirical evidence ofthe evolving nature of the yuan, as reflected in the statistical distribution of the exchange rate, with a particular focus on the period afterthe initiation of Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) projects. We observe that the currency’s empirical distribution exhibits tell-tale characteristics of a managed currency. Over time, though the yuan’s statistical properties have converged towards those ofother hard currencies, they still remain distinct. We find that there is a long-term trend of increasing correlations over time as indicatedby the Dynamic Conditional Correlations (DCC), which is pronounced in the post BRI period. Furthermore, the yuan is increasingly being influenced by other major currencies in the recent periods, indicating increasingly integration of the currency in global foreign exchange markets. This articlediscusses the implicationsof the rise oftheyuan for the management of Pakistan’s foreign currency reserves and exchange rate: it should be driven by the yuan’s evolving convertibility, credibility and liquidity.
LSA Based Text Summarization
Authors:   Department of Computer Science & Applications, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP ,India., Mandal Shrabanti , Singh* Girish Kumar ,   Department of Computer Science & Applications, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP ,India.
Published: August 2020

In this study we propose an automatic single document text summarization technique using Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) and diversity constraint in combination. The proposed technique uses the query based sentence ranking. Here we are not considering the concept of IR (Information Retrieval) so we generate the query by using the TF-IDF(Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency). For producing the query vector, we identify the terms having the high IDF. We know that LSA utilizes the vectorial semantics to analyze the relationships between documents in a corpus or between sentences within a document and key terms they carry by producing a list of ideas interconnected to the documents and terms. LSA helps to represent the latent structure of documents. For selecting the sentences from the document Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) is used. LSI helps to arrange the sentences with its score. Traditionally the highest score sentences have been chosen for summary but here we calculate the diversity between chosen sentences and produce the final summary as a good summary should have maximum level of diversity. The proposed technique is evaluated on OpinosisDataset1.0.
PEMAHAMAN TENTANG PENGERTIAN PASAL 1321 KUHPERDATA DALAM HUKUM PERJANJIAN
Authors: Irianto Sigit
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAK

Hokum perjanjian sangat membuka diri untuk berkembangnya penafsiran, namun penafsiran tersebut harus dapat diungkapkan secara jelas untuk dapat dipahami oleh orang lain. Secara normal seseorang yang hendak melakukan perjanjian mempunyai kehendak, bahwa perjanjian itu dibuat sesuai dengan kehendaknya, namun seringkali ada factor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kehendaknya tersebut. Pasal 1321 KUHPerdata merupakan salah satu materi hokum perjanjian yang perlu diperjelas pengertiannya. Rumusan masalah: 1).  Apakah maksud dari istilah yang digunakan dalam Pasal 1321 KUHPerdata? 2). Bagaimana Penafsiran dalam Pasal 1321 KHUPerdata?. Pembahasan :1) Istilah cacat kehendak sesuai dengan harus dipahami dalam konteks subyek hokum yang mengadakan perjanjian, 2). Substansi Pasal 1321 KUHPerdata yaitu:Kekhilafan, paksanaan, penipuan dan penyalahgunaan keadaan merupakan factor yang dapat mempengaruhi kehendak seseorang. Kehendak bukanlah cacat tetapi ada factor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya, sehingga kehendaknya menjadi keliru.

 

Kata Kunci: factor kehendak, penafsiran, hokum perjanjian, pemahaman.  

 

ABSTACT

The contract law is very open to developing interpretations, but these interpretations must be clearly expressed in order to be understood by others. Normally someone who wants to make an agreement has a will, that the agreement was made according to his will, but often there are factors that influence his will. Article 1321 of the Civil Code is one of the legal material agreements that need to be clarified. Problem formulation: 1). What does the term used in Article 1321 of the Civil Code mean? 2). What is the interpretation in Article 1321 of the Civil Registry? Discussion: 1) The term deformed will according to must be understood in the context of the subject of the law that entered into the agreement, 2). The substance of Article 1321 of the Civil Code, namely: Errors, practices, fraud, and abuse of circumstances is a factor that can affect one's will. The will is not flawed but there are factors that influence it, so the will becomes wrong.

 

Keywords: will factor, interpretations, contract law, understanding.
SOSIALISASI MEDIA KANTONG DORAEMON UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA
Authors: Ayu Fitri  , Sinta Maria Dewi  , Yulistina Nur DS  , Depi Prihamdani  , Tarpan Suparman
Published: August 2020

Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini dilaksanakan pada Sabtu, 25 Agustus 2018 di SD Negeri Sukasari I Dusun Cikuda Desa Sukasari Kecamatan Cibuaya Kabupaten Karawang. Adapun analisis situasi sekolah ini ialah rendahnya penggunaan media pembelajaran dalam proses belajar mengajar. Kegiatan pkm ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar matematika dengan menggunakan media kantong doraemon. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah metode ceramah, metode diskusi dan simulasi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan pkm ini ialah meningkatnya motivasi belajar siswa khususnya pada pembelajaran matematika di kelas III sekolah dasar sebesar 84% serta siswa dapat memahami tentang konsep teknik menyimpan pada penjumlahan dan pengurang bilangan.

 Kata kunci : pengabdian, masyarakat, media kantong doraemon,  motivasi matematika.

 

Community service activities were carried out on Saturday, August 25, 2018 at Sukasari I Elementary School, Cikuda Sub-Village, Sukasari Village, Cibuaya District, Karawang Regency. The analysis of the situation of this school is the low use of instructional media in the teaching and learning process. This pkm activity aims to increase motivation to learn mathematics by using the Doraemon pocket media. The method used in this research is the lecture method, discussion method and simulation. The results obtained from this pkm activity are increased student motivation, especially in learning mathematics in grade III elementary school with percentase 84 and students can understand the concept of saving techniques on the addition and subtraction of numbers.

 Keywords: devotion, society, Doraemon pocket media, mathematical motivation.
تأثير التدريب المعقد على بعض مؤشرات القدرة اللأهوائية للاعبي كرة القدم بأعمار تحت (18) سنة
Authors: Beden Haider Abid , Athaab Abaas Ali
Published: August 2020

هدفت الدراسة الى أعداد تدريبات معقدة في لعبة كرة القدم ومعرفة مدا تأثير تلك التدريبات على بعض مؤشرات القدرة اللاهواية للاعبي كرة القدم ، أذ أفترض الباحثان بأن هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين الأختبارين القبلي والبعدي وللمجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة في بعض مؤشرات القدرة اللاهوائية للاعبي كرة القدم بأعمار تحت (18) سنة ولصالح الأختبار البعدي ، وأيضاً هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين الأختبارين البعديين وللمجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة في بعض مؤشرات القدرة اللاهوائية للاعبي كرة القدم بأعمار تحت (18) سنة ولصالح المجموعة التجريبية، اذ تم تطبيق الدراسة على عينة مكونه من (20) لاعباً يمثلون لاعبي شباب نادي العين الرياضي في بغداد للموسم (2018-2019) وبأعمار تحت (18) سنة ، اذ استخدم الباحثان المنهج التجريبي بتصميم المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة ، وتم قياس المؤشرات (أعلى قدرة لاهوائية وزمن الوصول الى أعلى قدرة لا هوائية) ، اذ تم تطبيق التدريبات المعقدة على مدار (8) أسابيع وبواقع (24) وحدة تدريبية ، موزعة على (3) وحدات في الأسبوع ، اذ كانت هذه التدريبات ضمن القسم الرئيسي للوحدة التدريبية ضمن فترة الاعداد الخاص ، وبعد استعمال الباحثان الوسائل الإحصائية، خرج الباحثان بظهور تحسن في مؤشرات القدرة اللاهوائية المبحوثة.
COMMERCIAL AND BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SILVER CARP OF DESNOGORSK RESERVOIR
Authors: Bykov Andrey
Published: August 2020

The article presents fishing and biological characteristics of silver carp

populations in Desnogorsk reservoir, formed after the mass stocking with large

planting material in 2003-2012. A description of trade state and silver carp’s

biological peculiarities is given. The efficiency of reclamation measures with

the use of silver carp under conditions of the Smolensk NPP cooling reservoir

is considered.
USE OF ARTIFICIAL SPAWNING GROUNDS OF PACIFIC HERRING (CLUPEA PALLASII) IN TAUYSKAYA BAY, SEA OF OKHOTSK FOR THE COMPENSATION OF DAMAGE TO AQUATIC LIVING RESOURCES
Authors: Chekaldin Yuri , Smirnov Andrey
Published: August 2020

An experience on the creation of artificial spawning grounds for Pacific herring

in Tauyskaya Bay of Sea of Okhotsk in 2014 is presented. A necessary area of

artificial spawning grounds is calculated based on the volume of the substituted

damage. It is shown that it is possible to compensate the damage to aquatic living

resources, caused by economic activity with the suggested method.
The Effect of Ball Size on Hardness of Mechanically Alloyed Al-10wt.%Ti Powders
Authors: Supriyanto Adolf Asih , Widodo Widodo , Tauvana Ade Irvan , Syafrizal Syafrizal
Published: August 2020

Particle size and hardness of Al-10%wt.Ti powders due to the influence of ball diameter have been carried out using mechanical alloying techniques. The milling device used consisted of a Fritsch Pulverisette-5 planetary type ball mill with the rotational speed of about 360 rpm and balls size of 10, 15 and 20 mm. The materials used are stearic acid which was used as a process control agent, aluminum and titanium powders. A mixture of aluminum and titanium powders has the composition of Al-10wt.%Ti. The Al-10wt.%Ti powders, stearic acid and stainless-steel balls were added to the Fritsch Pulverisette-5 planetary in the argon gas environment. The weight ratio of stainless steel balls to the Al-10wt.%Ti powder was 20 : 1. The mixing time process was carried out for 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 hours, respectively. Changes in phase compositions of these Al-Ti powders under different ball mill sizes were examined by XRD, and the optimum experimental parameter was obtained: the ball mill size was 20 mm. It was found that from the diffraction patterns of the Al-10wt.%Ti powders, the peaks of titanium begin to disappear with the increasing of the milling time, which indicates the increasing degrees of alloying of titanium atoms in the aluminum matrix. The microhardness test results showed that the hardness increases with increasing ball size.