bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research perspectives outlined in international publications analyzing medical aid and evacuation measures in emergency (armed conflicts)
Authors: Kupriyanov S. A. , Chernikov O. G. , Zhukov A. A. , Pluzhnik M. S. , Nazarov I. V.
Published: April 2024

Relevance. The statistics of armed conflicts across the world shows no decrease, causing large numbers of casualties. This compels military medicine professionals to intensify the study of accumulated experience regarding medical aid and evacuation support in combat and emergency settings.

The objective is to analyze research perspectives outlined in academic papers published in international journals from 2005 to 2022 and dealing with medical aid and evacuation in emergency scenarios (armed conflicts).

Methods. The study analyzes 1.496 international research papers dealing with medical aid and evacuation support management in military forces across the world. All the papers are published in peer-reviewed journals and registered in the PubMed database. The VOSviewer program was used for cluster analysis and visualization of keyword co-occurrences.

Results and discussion. In the VOSviewer, keywords were assigned across 6 clusters. Cluster 1 included 28.7 % of publications on general issues of military medicine with the total link strength of 26.4 % in the total study sample, followed by cluster 2 on medical aid and evacuation efforts in emergency situations (19.8 % and 18.9 %, respectively), cluster 3 on therapies and evacuation efforts in combat injuries (16.3 % and 18.7 %), cluster 4 on medevac operations (13.7 % and 13.7 %), cluster 5 on medical aid and evacuation efforts in the USA (11.7 % and 12.8 %), and cluster 6 on emergency medical care in armed conflicts (9.8 % and 9.7 %, respectively). The analysis allowed to identify mainstream international research schools that set the trend in medical aid and evacuation amid emergencies (armed conflicts).

Conclusion. Bibliometric databases are a universal tool allowing to expand the scope of research and determine the mainstream trends in military medicine for a particular timespan. The studies by international investigators can useful for Russian military medicine professionals, including comparative studies on medical aid and evacuation efficiency in different countries.
El discurso del “arte nacional” en Colombia
Authors: Vargas Arbelaez Maria Isabel
Published: April 2024

Through the analysis of three different discourses on “national art” this paper argues that the latter has functioned as an underlying discourse and played a constant and significant role in defining much of artistic production in Colombia and the debates around it. Within this framework I examine the tension between modernity and modernization that comes into view, for example, in the controversy that took place during the last century between the modernist proposals of the Bachué group, which were anti-academic and expressionist, and the attempt at modernization promoted by figures like Marta Traba, with her “updating” campaign, and Eugenio Barney with his theory of transculturation. My hypothesis is that this tension reaches a synthesis in the plastic and conceptual work of Antonio Caro, which addressed the national public. The preceding movements find their synthesis and take a qualitative leap in Caro’s interpretation of the life and work of Manuel Quintín Lame.
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE LEVEL OF ANXIETY OF NURSING STAFF DEPENDING ON THE SPECIFICS OF WORKING CONDITIONS
Authors: Kachmarska Marta , Lyubinets Lidiya , Cipora Elzbieta , Shveda Galyna
Published: April 2024

Military events on the territory of Ukraine have acted as a factor influencing the state of mental health of the population. At the same time, healthcare professionals who provide medical care to the population, including the military, play an important role, which requires an assessment of their psychological state to ensure the proper quality of medical services.
Aim. To compare the levels of sensitivity of nurses depending on the conditions and specifics of work.
Material and Methods. The material was the results of a survey of nurses using the Spielberger questionnaire, which were conducted in a health care facility in Ukraine, where emergency medical care is provided, and in an oncology clinic in Poland from March to June 2023.
Results and Discussion. The survey found that personal sensitivity, as a factor characterizing the individual character trait of a person, was higher among nurses from Ukraine than among Polish nurses. The level of situational sensitivity, which characterizes the emotional state of a person that arises under the influence of the circumstances, was also higher among respondents from Ukraine, which suggests that the sensitivity of emergency medical care workers in Ukraine against the background of military operations in the country has led to an increase in the levels of both personal and situational sensitivity.  A survey of respondents, depending on their age, showed that the high level of personal sensitivity among healthcare workers in Ukraine significantly exceeded that of respondents from Poland, and situational sensitivity was higher in younger groups (19-40 years old). The study proved that the average level of personal sensitivity is not a basis for the emergence of a high level of its situational form.
Conclusions. The specificity of the working conditions of the nursing staff of an emergency medical care hospital, combined with military events in the country, contributed to a higher level of personal and situational sensitivity compared to the characteristics of the levels of sensitivity of nursing staff of an oncology hospital outside Ukraine. External circumstances in the society have an important impact on the level of sensitivity of the staff of a medical institution, reinforcing the specifics of their working conditions.
‘Messiah of the Masses and Prophet of the Proletariat’: Reexamining Eugene Debs in the Framework of Spiritual Socialism
Authors: Gabriel Elun
Published: April 2024

The following paper is concerned with the role that Christianity played in the discourse, life, and campaign of the prominent American socialist, Eugene Debs. Considering that socialism in the United States is often deemed impossible due to a myriad of factors—a prominent one being the underlying Protestant ethos of the state—Debs’ campaigns earned unprecedented support for the presidency in 1904, 1908, 1912, and 1920. I contend that Debs’ presidential campaigns offer a unique case for exploring the reconciliation of a secular socialist program with the Protestant and individualistic ethos of American society. Though an avowed secularist, it is well documented that Debs’ admired the historical Jesus, and he notably challenged the alignment of the Protestant Churches with industrial capitalism at the turn of the twentieth century. Using first and secondhand documentation on Debs’ campaigns, this paper proposes that Debs’ presentation of socialism as a necessary and logical expression of Christianity was important for overcoming the ideational barrier that Protestant Christianity poses for socialist candidates in the US. Where scholars like Jacob Dorn contend that Debs was effective at overcoming the “either-or” thinking that often plagues orthodox socialism, I contend that Debs’ appeal to a Jesus-centered Christianity importantly presented a new “either-or” maxim, where Christians were faced with choosing between capitalist Churchianity, or true Christianity.
Cambios multitemporales en hábitat, percepción y amenazas sobre la zarigüeya (Didelphis marsupialis) en el sector Alto de Los Chorros en Santiago de Cali, Colombia
Authors: Melchor Gesama Diana Marcela
Published: April 2024

Se realizó una evaluación de los cambios multitemporales en el hábitat, la percepción y amenazas sobre la zarigüeya (Didelphis marsupialis) por la comunidad asentada entre la carrera 67 y calle 2 Oeste con carrera 69 - calle 3b oeste del sector Alto de Los Chorros de la Comuna 18 de la ciudad de Santiago de Cali. Se determinaron los cambios multitemporales en la cobertura vegetal del área de estudio en los años 1961, 1986, 1998, 2001, 2007, 2012 y 2020; se cuantificó la cobertura boscosa a partir de imágenes de Google Earth y fotografías aéreas de la Corporación Autónoma Regional del Valle del Cauca (CVC). Donde se determinó el porcentaje de cobertura vegetal y el número de hectáreas en cada periodo de tiempo, por medio del programa ArcMap. En general se observó una disminución de la cobertura vegetal frondosa, pero con un incremento de los estratos arbustivo y arbóreo en el año 2001 y 2020. Por medio de entrevistas se identificaron cambios multitemporales en la percepción de los habitantes del sector sobre la zarigüeya entre 1960 y 2020. Las entrevistas también determinaron las amenazas a las que está expuesta la zarigüeya, entre ellas se destacan el atropellamiento, maltrato, pérdida de su hábitat y consumo humano.
Integración de enfoques teóricos predominantes y el aprendizaje de idiomas extranjeros
Authors: De Zuluaga Tina
Published: April 2024

Resumen
Transferencias de las estrategias de la lectura L1 a L2
Authors: Jiménez Manuel
Published: April 2024

Resumen
Pricing in service industries: methods for justifying the cost of developing a design project
Authors: Suvorova Nataliia Alekseevna , Tabak Larisa Vladimirovna
Published: April 2024

The subject of the study is the peculiarities of pricing in the service sector, in particular the process of justifying the standard cost of developing a design project in the domestic pricing system. The object of the study is methods for justifying the cost of developing a design project, used in domestic design practice both in the development of projects financed by public funds and projects financed by a private investor. The purpose of the work is a comparative analysis of domestic methods to justify the cost of developing a design project. The authors consider such aspects of domestic pricing methods as the mathematical apparatus, the price level, basic and current, the possibility of using the methodology to justify the value of the cost when replicating a project or its processing by making minor changes to the parameters, the level of qualifications of development specialists, etc. The research methods used are induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, the method of analogy, logical and historical analysis, scientific abstraction, comparison and classification, theorization, idealization, formalization, positive and normative analysis, verification. The practical significance of the research results lies in the analysis of existing methods of regulatory pricing in the field of design, in the formulation, within the framework of the study, of their advantages and disadvantages, in the development of directions for their improvement. The authors’ special contribution to the study of the topic of pricing in the field of design is the substantiation of the main direction for improving existing domestic methods – the symbiosis of methods of state regulation of pricing in design and recommendations developed by the professional community, which will improve quality by increasing the scientific validity of calculations and taking into account the specifics of the development of design projects.
Contemporary Bolivia and perceptions of a multipolar world
Authors: Konovalova Kseniya Aleksandrovna
Published: April 2024

This article is devoted to the peculiarities of perception and representation of a multipolar world in Bolivia. Since the governments of the "Movimiento al Socialismo" party came to power, this country, on the one hand, can be called one of the leading critics of the world liberal order in the region, opponents of US dominance, and on the other hand, it is characterized by a nationalist course in the economy, proactive integration strategy and presence in reputable multilateral institutions for the Global South. These circumstances make the Bolivian case of attitude towards the issue of multipolarity very illustrative. Critical discourse analysis according to Teun Van Dijk was chosen as a research strategy. We consider selected materials of various genres and formats, referring to the semantic code “multipolar world” both explicitly and implicitly, through associations and metaphors. It is shown that, in general, for Bolivia the issue of forming a multipolar world is highly relevant and is associated with a number of fundamental aspects of the domestic and foreign policy model built by the ruling party “Movement to Socialism”. The positive expectations of Bolivian political leaders and international relations from the emerging multipolarity are associated not only and not so much with the decline of US dominance, but with the preservation of multilateralism and the opportunity for the country to diversify external relations, and integration is recognized as the key way to involve Bolivia in global dynamics. The scientific novelty of the work is ensured by the lack of study of the problem risen in both the Russian and foreign research fields; the author’s contribution is created by the results of a detailed analysis of the discourse concerning the multipolar world in Bolivia according to its main proponents, contexts and topics (“topics”).
La capilla de la familia Anaya Enríquez en la iglesia de San Esteban de Salamanca. Los inicios de la actual capilla del Rosario
Authors:   Universidad de Salamanca (España), Rojas Bustamante Juan Pablo
Published: April 2024

Within the complex and prolonged process of construction of the new church of San Esteban de Salamanca from the 16th century, the chapel of the Anaya Enríquez family stood out as a space of main relevance. This enclosure is studied as the initial solution given in 1540 by the promoter Fray Juan Álvarez de Toledo to the lineage, which consisted of changing their burials in the old header to a new location added to the layout by Fray Martín de Santiago. With the condition of the patron to the descendants of Gómez de Anaya and Aldonza Enríquez to commission an altarpiece dedicated to the Virgen del Rosario, we witness the origins of the current Rosario chapel, a dedication that would quickly end up becoming an authentic protagonist. Based on the analysis and interpretation of unknown documents and the oldest unstudied images, we reveal another part of the history of the famous Dominican convent in Salamanca. Thanks to these readings, we can conclude that the patronage of the Rosario chapel remained in that family until the 18th century, when it became the property of the convent, at which time the liturgical furniture was refurbished.
Historias y narrativas que conforman la identidad de ecosistemas sonoros.
Authors:   Universidad del País Vasco (España), Cornelio Yacaman Jaime A.
Published: April 2024

The identity of the sound ecosystem is a set of systems that form ephemeral spatio-tempo- ral interrelationships and are manifested in a certain territory and moment, perceived by subjectivity, in our case, by artists. This identity helps us to get to know the multiple sound dimensions of a place and, in turn, enables the creation of new sound identities through art. The research question is about how the recording of a sound tells us something about the identity of the ecosystem. The aim of this article is to analyse this question on the basis of the works “In the heart of Tlanchana. Stories from the lagoon of San Miguel Almaya, State of Mexico” (2017) and “Bolibarko Erreka” (2018), works that converge in the construction of the identity of sound ecosystems. The methodology is based on a typology of artistic attitudes towards the ecosystem, developed in the doctoral thesis entitled “The identity of sound ecosystems as a basis for artistic creation”, which establishes three forms of relation- ship between the artistic subject and the ecosystem through sound: 1) more active, 2) less active and 3) hybrid.
Conservación de una performance: caso de estudio en la obra Sálvame, de Marta Pinilla
Authors:   Universidad Complutense de Madrid (España), Hill-Guzmán Lucía
Published: April 2024

The research is focused on the performative piece ‘Sálvame’ by the artist Marta Pinilla (1980). This artwork was presented in 2018 as part of the performative set ‘Pinilla Baroque Sacred Cosmology’ at the Juan Gallery in Madrid. The issue of performance conservation in terms of its artistic practice, as well as its preservation as a cultural asset, is present throughout this investigation, which revolves around the study of the dual material and immaterial dimensions of the piece. Furthermore, the work addresses the criteria and reflections on various strategies that frame the conservation of performative artistic practices, which are still in the process of being defined in the field of conservation-restoration. Additionally, there is a study and analysis conducted on the pathologies presented by the material elements associated with Pinilla’s work, specifically in the attire crafted by the artist using natural latex along with other materials
Recuperación de un retablo tras más de medio siglo en el olvido
Authors:   Universidad de Sevilla (España), Prado-Campos Beatriz , César-Robles José Antonio ,   Universidad de Sevilla (España), Castillo-González Paloma Carmen ,   Universidad de Sevilla (España)
Published: April 2024

In the church of San Francisco in Antequera, Málaga, the «panel» altarpiece dedicated to the Virgin of the Antigua by Antonio Mohedano (16th century) was situated in the Cristo Verde chapel. In the second half of the 20th century, the altarpiece was dismantled and stored in the choir, gradually fading from memory until the Brotherhood of the Students of Antequera transferred it to the Faculty of Fine Arts at the University of Seville in 2021/2022 for study and intervention. The objectives include rescuing and digitally reconstructing the altarpiece, identifying original elements and modifications, establishing stylistic transfor- mations and parallels, and enhancing its value through exhibition. The methodology faced challenges due to the altarpiece’s deterioration and limited initial documentation. Research phases involved technical and material studies, comparative historical-artistic analysis, and an evaluation of the conservational state. Initial results reveal significant gaps in the archi- tectural structure and stylistic and technical discrepancies between the base and the rest of the bodies, indicating different periods of design and execution. Despite ongoing dete- rioration, the primary challenge lies in the collective memory loss regarding the altarpiece. The research aims to recover this forgotten heritage and contribute to cultural preservation.
PENERAPAN METODE HAZARD IDENTIFICATION RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL (HIRARC) DALAM MENGANALISIS POTENSI KECELAKAAN KERJA PADA PT. ARKELINDO BARA SEJAHTERA
Authors: Pahmil Hakim Tedi , Kusuma Ningrat Nugraha , Kurnia Yusup
Published: April 2024

Arkelindo Bara Sejahtera merupakan sebuah produsen briket arang kelapa yang berlokasi di Desa Padamulya, Kecamatan Cihaurbeuti, Kabupaten Ciamis, Prov Jawa Barat. PT. Arkelindo Bara Sejahtera kegiatan operasional memiliki berbagai macam risiko yang dapat menimbulkan kecelakaan kerja, karena melibatkan berbagai macam peralatan kerja, berhubungan langsung dengan pembakaran arang kelapa, dan sikap kerja para pekerja yang kurang memperhatikan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3).

Dalam upaya mencegah atau mengurangi terjadinya kecelakaan di lingkungan kerja perlu untuk mengetahui bagaimana analisis risiko kecelakaan kerja pada proses produksi di PT. Arkelindo Bara Sejahtera, dan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis berapa besar risiko kecelakaan kerja  pada proses prosduksi briket arang kelapa. Apabila potensi risko kecelakaan kerja dapat diidentifikasi, dinilai, dan dikontrol, maka angka risiko kecelakaan kerja dapat diminimalisir atau bahkan menjadi tidak ada sama sekali. Identifikasi bahaya, penilaian risiko, dan pengendalian risiko dapat dilakukan dengan metode Hazard Identification Risk assessment And Risk Control (HIRARC). Metode HIRARC bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bahaya, menentukan  nilai setiap risiko bahaya yang ditemukan dengan menggunakan tabel kriteria likelihood, kriteria consequence dan perhitungan risk matrix.  

Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi menunjukan bahwa dalam proses produksi briket arang kelapa di PT. Arkelindo Bara Sejahtera terdapat 8 temuan potensi bahaya diataraya ada 2 risiko rendah, 2 risiko tinggi dan 4 risiko ekstrim. Sedangkan dari penilaian risiko maka didapatkan 25% bahaya dalam kategori risiko rendah, 25% bah aya dalam kategori risiko tinggi dan 50% bahaya dalam kategori ekstrim.
Vacuum System of the LINAC-200 Accelerator
Authors: Shokin D. S. , Trifonov A. N. , Kobets V. V. , Demin D. L. , Brukva A. E. , Shabratov V. G. , Skrypnik A. V.
Published: April 2024

The LINAK-200 linear accelerator at the JINR Nuclear Power Plant is being built to provide electronic test beams with an energy of up to 200 MeV for research and development in the field of particle detectors, to study advanced methods for diagnosing electron beams and to work as an irradiation unit for applied research. Although the LINAK-200 uses MEA accelerator equipment (NIKHEF), the vacuum system has been significantly upgraded. This paper presents the design and condition of the new vacuum system.
Estratégias de diagnóstico do Transtorno do Espectro Autista na primeira infância
Authors: Lima Priscila Bezerra de , Viana Elizandra Biá , Miléo Izabela Cristina Albarado , Silva Elane Bento da , Matos Wanessa Figueira Nunes de , Silva Suzana Passos , Ribeiro Mirla Rego , Macêdo Caroline Gomes
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Identificar as diferentes estratégias de avaliação clínica utilizadas para diagnosticar o Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo na primeira infância. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa com base em artigos em português e inglês disponíveis gratuitamente na íntegra, provenientes das bases de dados Scielo, PubMed e LILACS. A questão norteadora foi: “Quais são as estratégias e protocolos recomendados para a avaliação clínica e diagnóstico do transtorno do espectro autista na primeira infância?”. A pesquisa abrangeu artigos publicados entre janeiro de 2019 e junho de 2023, utilizando os Descritores Transtorno do Espectro Autista; Criança; Diagnóstico Precoce; Estratégias de Saúde; Protocolos Clínicos, com combinações de estratégias de busca usando o operador booleano “AND”. Resultados:  A revisão integrativa englobou nove artigos, revelando resultados promissores no diagnóstico do Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Os estudos utilizaram diferentes protocolos e estratégias de triagem, como o Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), o Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) e a Avaliação Comportamental para Crianças com Suspeita de Transtorno do Espectro Autista Revisado (PROTEA-R). Considerações finais: Os estudos analisados são encorajadores quanto ao diagnóstico do TEA. No entanto, evidencia-se a necessidade de mais pesquisas, especialmente no Brasil, onde são utilizadas triagens internacionais adaptadas.
Pharmacokinetic Study of Aloin Nanoparticulate: Enhanced Oral Formulation Bioavailability
Authors: Chauhan Rishika , Singh Balwan , Singh MP , Malik Anuj
Published: April 2024

This research aimed to prepare and assess an aloin nanoparticle that might increase its oral bioavailability. Utilizing the nanoprecipitation process, aloin Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticulate was formulated and studied for the best strategy based on their characteristics and in-vitro release. The aloin nanoparticle stability research was evaluated at room temperature for a duration of three months. Additionally, pharmacokinetic (PK) tests were analyzed by using various parameters and experiments done by taking female wistar albino rats, with weights of approximately (150–200 gm). The animal was appropriately given the proper housing according to the protocol and placed in a period of twelve hours day and night. The drug was administered for 72 hours at a dosage of 10 mg/kg. of all the aloin nanoformulations developed, the one with the best size of particles was 98.5 nm with an entanglement efficacy of 98.09%. The results show that when compared to pure aloin, aloin PLGA nanoparticulate has a higher bioavailability.
Evaluation of Polyherbal Formulation for Antihyperlipidemic Activity
Authors: Agrawal Ankur , Dubey Subodh K
Published: April 2024

Hyperlipidemia, characterized by elevated plasma concentrations of lipids and lipoproteins, emerged as a decisive menace for cardiovascular disorders. Imminent side effects linked to synthetic drugs; there is a growing interest in exploring herbal remedies for managing hyperlipidemia. This study delves into examining the antihyperlipidemic effects of a polyherbal formulation composed of extracts from Ailanthus excelsa Roxb (leaves and stems), Cymbopogon citratus (leaves), and Allium sativum (bulbs). The PHF was orally administered at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses. Results revealed a noteworthy reduction in serum and liver biochemical parameters in hyperlipidemic rats treated with PHF. Additionally, the extract demonstrated a noteworthy decrease in the action of HMG-CoA reductase, indicating a potential mechanism for its antihyperlipidemic activity. To sum up, PHF administered at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg exhibited effective antihyperlipidemic activity in both animal models. The observed inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase enzyme pathway suggests a plausible mechanism of action for the extract’s therapeutic effects. These findings contribute to the expanding body of evidence supporting the clinical relevance of herbal drugs in hyperlipidemia treatment, offering a potential avenue for developing alternative and safer therapeutic interventions for cardiovascular health.
Association of Illegal Behavior with GST Isoforms Null Genotyping in Methamphetamine Abuse Cases
Authors: Saud Abdulnaser , Zaid Zahraa A A , Alzahraa Zahraa H A , Ahmed Rathab A
Published: April 2024

The present study aims to detect the association of illegal behavior with GST isoforms in methamphetamine abuse cases. The present study targeted two GST isoforms included, GSTT1 and GSTM1. The results found a strong association between GSTT1 null genotyping and meth addiction cases (p 0.0078) that were more frequent in cases (46.80%) than the control group (17.24%), non-significant relation was observed between GSTM1 and GSTM1 null genotyping (p = 0.1122). Also, non-significant changes in the genotyping GSTT1 null GSTM1 and GSTM1 null GSTT1, and the normal GSTM1+GSTT1 genotyping with null genotyping of both genes. The distribution of GST null genotyping according to sex found non-significant differences observed between male and females in all genotypes GSTT1 (p = 0.1181), GSTM1 (p = 0.6525), GSTT1 null GSTM1 and GSTM1 null GSTT1 (p = 0.8226), finally GSTT1+GSTM1 with null both genes was (p = 0.158). The null GSTT1 was more frequent in cases without illegal behavior (60.86%) in non-significant differences (p = 0.1125). Null genotyping of GSTM1 more frequent in cases without illegal behavior (43.47%) but didn’t observe in illegal behavior cases in significant differences (p = 0.0143). Non-significant difference was recorded (p = 0.1935) in companies between GSTT1+ GSTM1 null genotyping. Finally, the differences between GSTT1 and GSTM1 and null both genes weren’t observed in cases with illegal behavior than in cases without illegal behavior that recorded in (25%) in significant differences (p = 0.0231). The results concluded that the null genotyping didn’t associate with illegal behavior represented by agitation and agitation with antisocial behavior. Furthermore, there was a strong correlation between meth abuse and GSTT1 null genotyping.
Exploring the Anti-hyperlipidemic Potential of Rivea hypocrateriformis (Desr) Leaf Extracts: A Study on Triton-induced Hyperlipidemia Rat Model and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Sheeba DA Helen , Gandhimathi R
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease are greatly affected by hyperlipidemia, characterized by elevated blood lipid levels. The potential adverse effects of conventional pharmacological interventions have prompted the exploration of natural drugs for combinatorial therapy of hyperlipidemia management. Rivea hypocrateriformis (Desr), a plant species with traditional medicinal use, has shown potential anti-hyperlipidemic effects in animal models. Materials and Methods: The study evaluated chloroform (HEC) and ethanol (HEE) extracts of R. hypocrateriformis (Desr) in Triton-induced hyperlipidemia in Sprague Dawley rat model at 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight. Parameters such as body weight, lipid levels, lipid parameters, and antioxidant enzymes were assessed. Results and Discussion: There was an increase in total cholesterol and triglycerides in the triton-induced group and a decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Reduced total cholesterol and triglyceride levels and increased HDL were observed with treatment with HEC and HEE extracts. It was also found that the extracts significantly reduced low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels, suggesting a potential reduction in atherosclerosis risks. The atherogenicity index was significantly decreased in the treatment groups, supporting their anti-atherosclerotic potential. Furthermore, the extracts enhanced antioxidant defenses, reducing oxidative stress. Histopathology of liver tissue revealed the potency of extracts in control of tissue loss, lymphocyte infiltration, and fatty accumulation by triton induction. Conclusion: The study demonstrates the potential of R. hypocrateriformis (Desr) extracts as a natural therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia management. The extracts exhibited anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects, offering a multifaceted approach to combat hyperlipidemia and related complications. Future research should focus on identifying bioactive compounds, elucidating underlying mechanisms, and conducting clinical trials for human validation. R. hypocrateriformis (Desr) presents a promising area for drug development and nutraceutical research, with the potential to improve hyperlipidemia management and cardiovascular health.
Nootropic Effect of Premna mucronata Roxb Leaves on Scopolamine Challenged Alzheimer’s Disease in Rats
Authors: Sadia Humera , Sumalatha G
Published: April 2024

The leaves of Premna mucronata Roxb were selected for this study due to their ability to enhance cognitive function and memory in Swiss albino rats. Each mouse group was provided with scopolamine (0.4 mg/kg) intraperitoneally per kg body‑weight, as well as two split doses of methanol extraction of P. mucronata Roxb-MEPM with 200 & 400 mg/kg (oral), for a duration of 7 days. In order to assess memory and learning, researchers employed sophisticated behavioral models such as the Morris water maze and raised plus maze. However, scopolamine is a naturally occurring substance that induces a cognitive state used as an interoceptive model. One-way ANOVA & Dunnett’s multiple comparison tests were employed with p < 0.05. The outcomes of this study showed that MEPM (p < 0.05) enhanced short-term & abstraction remembrance at dosages of 200 & 400 mg/kg. Additionally, there was a remarkable reduction in transfer latency on the sixth and seventh days, indicating improved learning and memory by navigating through the complex maze and reducing the time it takes to escape from the Morris water maze. Results indicate that P. mucronata Roxb showed considerable memory-enhancing efficacy in all the screening models tested.
Development of Piribedil Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Incorporated in Nasal In-situ Gel by DoE
Authors: Bhargavi Chekkilla , Raghuveer Pathuri
Published: April 2024

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are a promising drug delivery platform for regulated, controlled release and targeted distribution. The current study aimed to prepare stable piribedil-loaded nanoparticles with optimized intranasal delivery. Using A 3-factor, 3-level Box-Behnken design (BBD), regression analysis, and 3-D response surface methodology (RSM) plots, the influence of independent process variables, like drug-to-lipid ratio, conc of poloxamer 407 and conc of glyceryl monostearate, on dependent variables, such as entrapment effectiveness and the vesicle size of piribedil SLNs, was assessed. The formulated SLNs exhibit a spherical morphology and exhibit a low degree of crystallinity. The nanoformulation exhibited a higher release of medication compared to the piribedil suspension. The 12-hour drug release demonstrated the use of controlled-release medicine delivery. By adding hyaluronic acid to intranasal formulations, the average particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential (ZP) were all considerably raised. The saturation solubility of nanosized piribedil was 7.1 times that of the unprocessed medication. The nanosized formulation had a greater flux than the pure piribedil reference sample. R3 had a permeability coefficient (Kp) of 0.022 cm h−1, while F3 had a higher value of 0.108 cm h−1. Compared to R3, F3 diffused 15.68 μg cm−2 of the drug in the first 15 minutes. Because of their large surface area, nanoparticles enhance diffusion. This study reveals that Piribedil-containing SLNs may be more therapeutic than traditional formulations.
Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Novel 2-Azetidinones Compounds
Authors: SG Jawarkar , MD Game
Published: April 2024

A series of 2-azetidinone derivatives were synthesized by the formation of triazole, followed by synthesis of Schiff’s bases by condensation of various substituted aldehydes. The Schiff’s bases further reacted to chloroacetyl chloride in the presence of triethyl amine, and undergoes cyclocondensation to give substituted 3-chloro-1-(3-mercapto-5-((5-methoxy-1H-indol-1-yl)methyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)-4-phenylazetidin-2-one which on further reaction with ethyl chloroacetate, gives substituted ethyl 2-((4-(3-chloro-2-oxo-4-phenylazetidin-1-yl)-3-((5-methoxy-1H-indol-1-yl)methyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)thio)acetate. Synthesized compounds were by characterized by fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (1H, 13C), and mass spectroscopy. All synthesized compounds were evaluated for its in-vitro antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial as well as fungal strains. The antimicrobial activity results revealed that A-VI, A-IX, A-XVIII, displayed equipotent activity when compared with the standard drug. The compounds with p-chloro and p-nitro group exhibited the most potent antimicrobial agent.
Comorbid Cholesterol (2%) Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis and Isoproterenol Hydrochloride Induced Myocardial Infarction
Authors: K Saraswathi , CH Naga Kavitha
Published: April 2024

Cardiovascular diseases remain a primary cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction playing significant roles. Using a rabbit model, this experimental investigation aimed to explore the combined effects of coexisting conditions, specifically a 2% cholesterol diet-induced atherosclerosis and isoproterenol hydrochloride-induced myocardial infarction. New Zealand white rabbits were utilized for this study, leveraging their metabolic similarity to humans, which has been pivotal in lipid-lowering drug research. Hypercholesterolemic rabbits have notably contributed to the discovery of statins, the primary treatment for hyperlipidemic patients worldwide. After 12 weeks of treatment, rabbits subjected to a high-fat diet (HFD) and Isoproterenol hydrochloride (ISO) exhibited significant increases in cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and other atherogenic markers compared to normal rabbits. In contrast, Spirulina treatment (33 mg/kg B.wt/66 mg/kg b.wt.) markedly reduced cholesterol, TG, VLDL, LDL, and improved high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels while enhancing cardiac antioxidant activity. Our findings underscore Spirulina’s potential in alleviating diet and ISO-induced atherosclerosis and cardiac toxicity, suggesting its promise for preventing atherosclerosis-associated cardiac injury in patients.
Evaluation of Ciprofloxacin HCl Resin Complex
Authors: Singh Charanjeet , Gupta Anil K , . Yashwant , Sharma Vijay
Published: April 2024

The primary goal of a number of research study in the pharmaceutical sector is to block the taste and enhance the palatability of the dosage forms for bitter taste API. Taste plays a crucial role in the formulation of dosage forms, and the bitter and unpleasant taste of medications, particularly in pediatric patients, can have negative psychological effects. This study aimed to assess the drug release characteristics from the drug-resin complex. The effectiveness of drug complexity depends on factors such as resin type, ratio, and mixing duration. In this study, we evaluated the complex formation process of ciprofloxacin with the resin and subsequently examined the release of the drug from this complex.
Impact of Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl on Analgesic Efficacy and Side Effects in Post-Laparoscopic Vaginal Hysterectomy: A Comparison with Intraperitoneal Ropivacaine
Authors: L Nandhini , B Arun Kumar , Brindha R , S Shanu
Published: April 2024

Background: To evaluate whether using dexmedetomidine in conjunction with local anesthesia may prolong the period of pain relief after a vaginal hysterectomy and promote early mobility. Method: This research compared and analyzed the results of 60 patients (ASA I–II, 30–60 years old) who had general anesthesia during their operation. Subjects were allocated at random to receive either dexmedetomidine (Group RF) or fentanyl (Group RD) in combination with local anesthesia. Post-operative analgesic consumption, pain scores, and time to initial ambulation were documented for 24 hours. Results: Both groups had comparable baseline characteristics and hemodynamic stability. In group RF, the mean duration of analgesic medication use was considerably longer (4.93 ± 1.34 hours) compared to group RD (4.38 ± 1.43 hours), has 0.001 as the statistically significant p-value. Moreover, group RF had an earlier time to start ambulation. Conclusion: In a laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy, dexmedetomidine, used as an adjuvant to local anesthesia, significantly prolongs post-operative analgesia and facilitates early ambulation compared to fentanyl, suggesting potential advantages.
Bupivacaine vs. Ropivacaine with Dexmedetomidine for Unilateral Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ashok Adithya G , P Naveena , B Arun K , Brindha R
Published: April 2024

Background: Adult inguinal hernia repair is often performed under local anesthesia because to its ease of use, quick start, affordability, and prolonged post-operative pain management. The effectiveness and safety of two local anesthetic combinations for inguinal hernia repair field block are compared in this research. Methods: Vinayaka Missions Kirupanandha Variyar Medical College and Hospital undertook a randomized controlled study. Men between the ages of 30 and 60 patients were scheduled for surgical inguinal hernia elective procedures and were categorized as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I or II and participated in the study. They were allocated at random to either ropivacaine + dexmedetomidine or bupivacaine + dexmedetomidine as a field block. The main measure of interest was the duration until the initiation of anesthesia. Additional outcomes encompassed the assessment of the quality of surgical anesthesia, changes in hemodynamics, post-operative pain levels, and any unfavorable incidents. Results: The groups had similar demographics and baseline characteristics. There were no discernible variations between the groups in terms of hemodynamic changes, post-operative pain levels, surgical anaesthesia quality, and the time it took for anesthesia to take effect. Both groups had a low incidence of adverse events. Conclusion: For healthy adults (ASA I and II) undergoing inguinal hernia repair, ropivacaine + dexmedetomidine as a field block appears to be as effective and safe as bupivacaine + dexmedetomidine, suggesting it could be a suitable alternative, particularly considering its favorable safety profile and potential for enhanced patient comfort. However, larger research is needed to validate these results.
Therapeutic Modifications to Correct Megaloblastic Anemia in Patients with Long Term Use of Metformin
Authors: Ingole Nishikant , Kalmegh Rohan
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Metformin is the first drug of choice for type 2 diabetes mellitus unless it is contraindicated. Patients with maximum metformin dose and for longer duration may suffer from megaloblastic anemia. Material and Methods: A prospective, interventional, comparative study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Type 2 diabetic patients on maximum metformin dose patients were advised to stop metformin and start long-acting insulin + DPPP4 inhibitors and injection of vitamin B12 to correct megaloblastic anemia. Result: The Mean ± SD hemoglobin, MCV, serum vitamin B12 level before and after the therapeutic modification were 9.1 ± 0.89 and 12.8 ± 1.02 gm/dl, 106.7 ± 1.23 and 93.12 ± 5.56 fL, respectively, 254.14 ± 58.12 and 468.13 ± 69.32 pg/mL,. Conclusion: Improvement in the Hemoglobin, MCV and serum vitamin B12 level suggestive of the cause of megaloblastic anemia was metformin.
Nardostachys jatamansi: A Review on Extraction Isolation Bioactivities of Phytoconstituents Chemical Structures and Traditional Uses
Authors: Mane JM , Jagtap JS , Chitlange SS , Nagore DH
Published: April 2024

Nardostachys jatamansi, commonly known as “jatamansi,” is a perennial herbaceous plant renowned for its medicinal properties. The rhizomes of N. jatamansi have been traditionally used in various medicinal practices owing to their therapeutic benefits. This abstract delves into the extraction process and isolation of phytoconstituents from N. jatamansi rhizomes, elucidating the extraction, purification, and structural analysis methods. The extraction of bioactive compounds from N. jatamansi rhizomes commonly employs soxhlet extraction, percolation, and maceration extraction techniques. These methods enable the efficient extraction of phytoconstituents from the plant material, ensuring optimal yield and purity. N. jatamansi has a rich history of traditional uses, including its application in Ayurvedic and traditional medicine systems for its diverse therapeutic properties. The rhizomes are reputed for their efficacy in treating various ailments, such as anxiety, insomnia, epilepsy, and gastrointestinal disorders. Furthermore, the bioactivity of isolated phytoconstituents from N. jatamansi rhizomes has been extensively studied. These bioactive compounds exhibit a range of pharmacological activities, including neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects. Structural elucidation of these phytoconstituents through advanced analytical techniques provides insights into their chemical composition and potential therapeutic mechanisms. The study concludes that the extraction, purification, and structural analysis of phytoconstituents from N. jatamansi rhizomes contribute to understanding its medicinal properties and pave the way for developing novel therapeutics with diverse pharmacological applications.
Elevating Herbal Therapies: A Deep Dive into Standardization
Authors: FA Tamboli , DT Gaikwad , AA Salunkhe
Published: April 2024

Around 80% of the global population incorporates medicinal products made from herbs. Herbs play a major role in conventional medicine and are also frequently employed in naturopathic, homeopathic, ayurveda, and other healthcare practices. The herbal products are vulnerable to intrusion from numerous paths, degradation, and changes in their chemical structure because they are predominantly organic (plant-based). Hence, it is crucial to establish and implement quality control criteria for medicinal products made from herbs to guarantee both their safety and effectiveness. There are numerous factors in standardization alone, including gross morphology, microscopy, physical characteristics, and chemical, chromatographic, and spectroscopic fingerprinting. Standardization of herbal medications increases their security and therapeutic efficacy while potentially gaining global popularity. Because herbal remedies are derived from natural sources, adverse reactions, counterfeiting, and tampering are less likely. From this review, the concept of standardization of herbal drugs, as well as their classification, advantages, and limitations, is described. It also includes the need and scope for standardization of herbal drugs, its standardization method, and pharmacopeial standards.
Benign and Non-Neoplastic Urinary Tract Lesions
Authors: Astvatsaturyan Kristine , Frishberg David , Patel Gopal BS , Ramazyan Arsen
Published: April 2024

Urine cytology includes multiple benign and non-neoplastic conditions that may mimic urothelial carcinoma. It is important to recognize and to not overcall these to avoid unnecessary procedures and treatment. In this article we review reactive cytological changes of urine secondary to infections, inflammatory conditions, as well as the most common benign proliferations and therapy-related changes.
Chronic actinic dermatitis
Authors: Sekar C Shanmuga
Published: April 2024

Chronic actinic dermatitis (CAD) is a chronic immune-mediated photo-dermatosis causing pruritic eczematous lesions, infiltrated lichenified papules,and plaques on sunexposed skin. It commonly affects elderly males who are chronically exposed to sunlight. The photosensitivity is mostly to ultraviolet (UV) B wavelengths and less frequently to ultraviolet (UV)A and visible light. In this article, the pathogenesis, clinical features, investigations, and treatment of CAD will be discussed.
On the concept of investigator discretion in criminal proceedings
Authors: Grigorieva A. E.
Published: April 2024

The  article  examines  the  concept  and  essential  features  of  the  category  «investigator’s discretion». The main features of the investigator’s discretion proposed by procedural scientists are analyzed. It is noted that it is a legal category, representing the choice by the investigator of any behavior option. But these options are provided and limited by law and the procedural powers of the investigator. In the author’s opinion, the most significant properties of the investigator’s discretion are highlighted and designated and the concept of this category is formulated.
Application of administrative liability measures to minors: problematic aspects
Authors: Fedorov K. A. , Zagoruiko R. E.
Published: April 2024

In the article, the authors consider the specifics of the application of administrative liability measures to minors as subjects of administrative liability measures; it is proposed to consider the possibility of applying compulsory work to minors as a measure of administrative responsibility; the complexity of bringing minors who are stateless persons or foreign citizens to administrative responsibility is noted.