bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Histopathological Spectrum of Pigmented Skin Lesions in a Tertiary Care Centre of Nepal
Authors: Ranabhat Sunita , Poudel Suman , Pun Gita
Published: December 2023

IntroductionPigmented skin lesions are defined as altered pigmentation of the skin as well as mucous membrane which can present as flat or raised growth and can be blue, brown, black or grey in color. The main aim of the study was to see the histopathological spectrum of pigmented skin disease and compare the clinical and histopathological diagnoses.
MethodsIt is observational cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Pathology of Gandaki Medical College and Teaching hospital from January 2022 to December 2022 and 80 cases were included.
ResultsAge of the patient ranged from seven to 89 years and mean ± SD was 49.55 ± 21.73 years. There were 34 (42.6%) males and 46 (57.4%) females with a female: male ratio 1.3:1. The most common site of distribution of pigmented lesions of the skin were face in 44(55%) followed by trunk in 15(18.7%), extremities in 13(16.2%), scalp in 7(8.8%) and genitalia in 1 (1.3%). Histopathological study revealed the most common lesion as melanocytic nevi 14(17%) followed by basal cell carcinoma 11(13.8%), seborrheic keratosis 6(7.6%), Keratoacanthoma 5(6.3%), verrucous epidermal nevus 4(5%) and others cases in few numbers. Clinicopathological agreement was seen in 44 (55%).
Conclusions Melanocytic nevi were the most common among the pigmented skin lesion. Other causes of pigmented lesions were due to keratinocytic, vascular and reactive changes. Malignant tumors can sometimes mimic benign lesions. Therefore, histopathological examination remains the gold standard in diagnosing these conditions and provide proper guidance for further management of patients.
Analysis of Ear, Nose, Throat and Head & Neck Surgery Consultations and Diagnostic Accuracy in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Western Nepal
Authors: Rijal Krishna Chandra , Koirala Krishna Prasad , Ghimire Bibek , Adhikari Sangam
Published: December 2023

IntroductionENT cases are very common accounting for 25-40% of all hospital patient. Subspecialty consultations are a necessary part of comprehensive medical care that provide an opportunity for interactions between doctors and the exchange of knowledge and expertise that helps in quality patient management.
MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients asked for consultation in the Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, Manipal Teaching Hospital from March 2022 to November 2022. Diagnosis made by ENT surgeon after relevant investigations was recorded. Analysis of diagnostic accuracy by non-ENT surgeons was carried out.
ResultsOut of 8019 cases seen in the department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery from 15th March 2022 to 25th November 2022, 400 cases were asked for consultations. Consultations were more frequently asked from Internal medicine and subspeciality followed by Emergency and Pediatrics department. The most common complaint in consultation sheet was throat pain. The commonest ENT and Head & Neck Surgery diagnosis was Allergic Rhinitis, followed by Presbyacusis and Acute Tonsillitis. Two hundred and twenty cases were asked for consultations with diagnosis from the primary department, out of which 183 had correct diagnosis.
Conclusions Different departments do have difficulties in identifying and addressing ENT and Head & Neck Surgery cases and there is benefit from ENT and Head & Neck Surgery consultations. Furthermore, ENT and Head & Neck Surgery consultations do have high educational value for other departments and plays a vital role in patient management.
Clinicoepidemiological Profile of Agricultural Work Related Injuries in Rural Agrarian Community of Nepal: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Parajuli Surya Bahadur , KC Heera , Shah Bikki , Parajuli Hom Bahadur , Yadav Binod Kumar
Published: December 2023

Introduction
Injuries have a significant proportion in the global burden of  diseases and are in increasing trend. Nepal being an agrarian country had frequent reporting of injuries among rural communities whose major occupation is agriculture. So, we had this study with the objective to assess clinico epidemiological profile of  agricultural work related injuries in the rural agrarian community of Nepal.
Methods
A community based cross sectional study was conducted among 362 farmers of  rural agrarian communities of Budhiganga Rural Municipality of Nepal from 20 December 2022 to 20 June 2023 after getting ethical clearance from institutional review committee (IRC-PA 254/2022). A specially designed pro forma was used to collect data through convenient sampling techniques. Collected data was entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed by SPSS version 23.
Results
The annual prevalence of agricultural work related injury was 48.6%.  The most common primary causes were Sickle cut injury 43(24.4%),  followed by Oxen/Cow hit injury 33 (18.8%), Traditional Plough cut injury 15 (8.5%), Spade cut injury 15 (8.5%) etc. Injury typically occurs in lower extremities 71 (40.3%).  Among them 102 (58%), 82 (46.6%), 28 (15.9%) and 147 (83.5%) had a disability, bedridden, hospitalized and received some sort of treatment.  Twenty two (12.5%), 36 (20.5%) and 32 (18.2%)  reported stress, self reported decreased vision and self reported hearing loss at the time of injury respectively. Only 9 (5.1%) had used personal protective equipment (PPE) during agricultural work and about 36 (20.5%) had helping hands at the time of injury. 
Conclusions
About half of farmers experienced agricultural work related injury with significant days of disability from daily activities and regular work. Use of personal protective equipment during work is miserable.
Association of Hemoglobin Variability with Mortality in Dialysis Patients in Tertiary Hospital Nepal
Authors: Kandel Gobinda , Sedhain Kabindra , Thakur Pitambar , Sapkota Pradeep , Sapkota Kalyan
Published: December 2023

Background: Rising number of End Stage Renal Disease patients is a great economic burden because of its high cost and lifelong treatment need. Target hemoglobin in dialysis patients is maintained through iron supplement, Erythropoietin stimulating agents, Blood products transfusions and treatment of other correctable causes.  Large Hemoglobin fluctuation in such patients is related to decreased survival. The aim of this study was to relate hemoglobin variability with mortality in dialysis patients.
Methods: This is a cross sectional observational study carried out in 104 patients undergoing dialysis for a duration of one year from March 2019 to February 2020. Area Under Curve (AUC) method was used to calculate hemoglobin variability. Hb data were collected using Hospital based software.
Results: Mean age of study population was 50.15±14.1 yrs and 68.14% were male. Calculated hemoglobin variability was more in <15T (patients receiving less than fifteen blood transfusions per year) than >15T (patients receiving more than fifteen blood transfusions per year) group. Death to survival ratio was 0.73 in <15T and 0.41 in >15T.
Conclusion: This study showed that lesser the hemoglobin variability, better the survival in ESRD population receiving maintenance hemodialysis.
Transradial Approach to Coronary Interventions in Central Nepal
Authors: Laudari Shankar , Gurung Puran , Gurung Kushal , Dhakal Abiona , Upadhyay Hari Prasad
Published: December 2023

Background
The transradial approach (TRA) has gained popularity worldwide and it is the preferred access in many cardiac centers in Nepal. The aim of this study is to document single operator experience with TRA and its complications.
Results
A total of 214 patients were included  with 114(53.27%) males and 100(46.73%) females. The mean age was (62.51 ± 12.47) years. The total transradial success rate was 88.78% for Coronary interventions. The crossover rate from radial to femoral access was 11.22%. The primary causes for crossover were severe tortuosity of the aorta and brachiocephalic trunk, radial artery spasm, puncture failure, and radial loop.
Conclusions
TRA is safe and can be applied in the majority of cases. The routine assessment of dual hand circulation before TRA might not be necessary.
A Systematic Climatology Report of Aviation Weather Hazards on Yangon Airport Region
Authors: Oo Kyaw Than , Jonah Kazora , Oo Kyaw Lwin
Published: December 2023

The primary goal of the research was to examine the aviation climatology analysis of the thunderstorms and fog on study area based on the statistical evaluation of the meteorological station's observation data. Weather is a critical factor in aviation, profoundly affecting aircraft operations and safety. The global aviation industry, with a staggering economic impact of $3.5 trillion and contributing 4.1 percent of global GDP, relies heavily on weather data and analysis. Study used METAR data from Myanmar's Yangon International Airport (VYY). Analysis of METAR, flight delay and accident data revealed that the influence of thunderstorms and fog might have had a direct or indirect impact on most accidents over study area. The frequency analysis method were primarily used in this study and the new method of fog event analysis came out.  The two meteorological occurrences, thunderstorm rain (TSRA) and fog (FG), are also high frequency at VYY in a year and TSRA is a larger risk than FG for aviation operation due to its relative other weather phenomena. The July is the maximum TSRA occurrence month and total annual frequency analysis revealed that TSRA days are becoming more common year by year because of study. In addition, the total number of days with fog varies from 23 to 91 per year, with the most frequent time of day being between 2300 and 01:00 UTC. The conditions where the fog was most likely to form were those when the minimum temperature fell between 16 and 27 °C (liquid fog). The study raises a new question and a new possibility for viewing climatology from a new perspective. The insights gained from this report can contribute to the development of tailored weather forecasting and alert systems for pilots and airport personnel. Further deep study for systematic prediction of each hazards are leaved for future work.
Status of Occupational Health and Safety in Nepal: Current Scenario and Strategies for Improvement
Authors: Prajapati Rama , Dahal Ankita , Khanal Ashish , Sharma Prasiddha , Shrestha Rashmi , Kandel Sudarshan , Lamsal Saurav , Giri Suja
Published: December 2023

Occupational health is a vital aspect of public health that aims to ensure the well-being of workers in various occupations. It encompasses multiple academic fields, such as occupational medicine, nursing, ergonomics, psychology, hygiene, and safety. Despite global efforts to improve occupational health, access to occupational health and safety (OHS) services remains low in many countries, including South Africa, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Botswana, China, and Nepal. This review paper was conducted through an extensive literature review. Databases such as Science Direct, Springer, NepJol, PubMed, and Google Scholar were searched to access a wide range of scholarly articles, research papers, and reports. The findings reveal that occupational workers face various hazards, including exposure to infectious diseases, radiation, hazardous chemicals, noise, and psychosocial risks. In Nepal, workers in industries such as agriculture, construction, and brick manufacturing are particularly vulnerable to these hazards. Lack of proper safety measures, inadequate access to clean drinking water and sanitation, child labor, and physical strain contribute to the high incidence of work-related diseases and injuries among workers. The study also highlights the policies and initiatives undertaken by the government of Nepal to improve occupational health and safety, including the Labor Act of 1992, the Occupational Safety and Health Project, and the Nepal National Building Code. The study emphasizes the urgent need to improve occupational health and safety conditions in Nepal. It highlights the importance of implementing preventive measures, raising awareness, providing training and education, and establishing standards to protect the health and well-being of workers.
Radius-Maumenee Syndrome, A Rare Entity: A Case Report
Authors: Basnet Rakshya , Singh Sanjay Kumar
Published: December 2023

Background: Radius–Maumenee syndrome (RMS) is a rare idiopathic condition characterized by the enlargement of episcleral vessels and an elevation in intraocular pressure (IOP) leading to secondary glaucoma.
Case: In this report, we present a case of RMS in 23-year-old male who experienced redness in Right Eye (RE) and intermittent headaches for a duration of 10 years. The patient exhibited a best corrected visual acuity of 6/6 in both eyes.
Observations: During slit lamp biomicroscopy, episcleral venous engorgement was observed in both eyes. Tonometry measured 28 mmHg in the RE and 14 mmHg in Left Eye (LE). In fundus photographs of RE and LE, there was evident cup asymmetry, along with retinal nerve fiber layer defects in superotemporal and inferotemporal regions of the right eye. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) Optic Nerve Head with hood report of RE showed loss of double hump pattern with asymmetric and severe retinal nerve fiber layer thinning in superior and inferior quadrant. Visual field testing of RE showed superior and inferior arcuate scotoma. Brain and orbit magnetic resonance angiography (MRI Angiogram) revealed no abnormal voids indicating cavernous fistula or other orbital lesions. The presence of secondary open angle glaucoma with episcleral venous engorgement and negative test results for other potential conditions led to the diagnosis of RMS in the patient. The patient is now under combination therapy with aqueous suppressants and uveoscleral outflow increasing drugs.
Conclusion: This case serves as a reminder to ophthalmologists about potential association of glaucoma if there’s enlargement of episcleral vessels in eyes without inflammation.
Ocular Findings among the Patients of Renal Transplantation
Authors: Thapa Madhu , Shrestha Gulshan Bahadur , Gautam Pragati , Sigdel Mahesh Raj
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Renal diseases are on rise globally due to increased incidence of non-communicable diseases as well as primary-kidney diseases and frequent use of nephrotoxic drugs. Only definite treatment of End-Stage-RenalDisease (ESRD) is renal transplantation. Immuno-suppressive-drugs are prescribed lifelong after renal transplantation especially steroids which can lead to various sight-threatening complications.
Methods: This cross sectional, observational study included 62 eyes of 31 patients who had undergone renal transplantation, at least 3 months prior were referred from Nephrology Department. Comprehensive eye evaluation was done at B. P. Koirala Lions Centre for Ophthalmic Studies (BPKLCOS), Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Medicine.
Results: The average age of participants was 37 ±10.57 years with 77.4 % (n=24) male. Mean duration of renal transplant was 5.10 ± 3.61 years. Fifty-eight percent (n=18) had hypertensive kidney disease. Diabetes Kidney disease, recurrent UTI, CKD of unknown causes and combined case of diabetes plus hypertension were seen in 6.4% (n=2) each. Sixty percent of the patients had some kind of ocular involvement. Twenty-nine percent (n=18) had subnormal visual acuity of ≤ 6/9. Cataract was seen in 29% (n=18) of eyes followed by pinguecula (17.7%, n=11) and hypertensive-retinopathy (17.7%, n=11). Glaucoma and Diabetic-retinopathy were seen only in 6.4% (n= 4) of each eyes. There was no association seen between ocular findings with cause of renal transplant, duration of transplant and renal function status in bivariate analysis.
Conclusions: Some form of ocular abnormality is commonly seen in patients of renal transplantation who are on immunosuppressive drugs. However, incidence of sight threatening complications are rare.
Indications and Outcomes of Repeat Keratoplasty for Graft Failure at a Tertiary Eye Care Center in Nepal
Authors: Sapkota Jyoti , Bajracharya Leena , Gurung Reeta , Rana Rachana Singh
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Graft failure is a common complication following keratoplasty requiring repeat keratoplasty (re-KP).
Objectives: To determine the indications and outcome of repeat keratoplasty at a tertiary eye care centre in Nepal.
Materials and methods: This was a retrospective study of 78 patients who underwent re-KP for graft failure in Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology from Jan 2015 to Dec 2020. Indications for the primary keratoplasty, causes of graft failure and outcomes of re-KP in terms of vision acuity, graft clarity and secondary glaucoma were evaluated. Cases of regraft with less than one-year follow-up period were excluded.
Results: A total of 78 re-KPs had been performed in 78 patients during the study period. Seventy eyes had undergone single corneal regraft and 8 eyes had undergone multiple (second or third) regraft surgery. Most common indication of primary keratoplasty was infectious keratitis (n=36; 46.2%). On follow up, 36 eyes (46.2%) were clear at the last visit, of which 31 eyes were single regraft cases and 5 were of multiple regraft cases. Most common cause of graft failure was graft infection (n=34; 43.6%) followed by corneal scarring (n=12; 15.4%). Of 42 eyes with failed regrafts, recurrence of the preoperative infection was commonest cause (n=15, 35.7%) followed by secondary glaucoma (n=11; 26.2%). Of 36 eyes with clear regraft, only 4 eyes (11.11%) achieved best corrected vision of ≥6/18 and remaining 32 eyes had BCVA <6/18 due to associated cataract, secondary glaucoma and high astigmatism.
Conclusion: The most common cause for re-KP includes graft infection followed by secondary glaucoma. Outcomes of corneal regrafts in the form of graft clarity and visual acuity are suboptimal.
RFiD Threads® Technology for Circular Economy and Future Sustainability
Authors: Anura Rathnayake
Published: December 2023

Problem

The fashion industry is the second most polluting industry globally [UNEP2021] - 85% of all textiles go to landfill each year [WEF2021]. There is growing demand for a shift to circular business models, with new concepts emerging such as “extended producer responsibility” [DEFRA2022], and policy announcements such as the EU Strategy for Sustainable and Circular Textiles, mandating Digital Product Passports (DPP) [EC2023].The Ellen McArthur Foundation [EMF2021] has stated that “Sustainability concerns among customers are also projected to heighten”. This fact, coupled with the preparation of potential new regulatory instruments such as ‘Extended Producer Responsibility’ and other critical regulatory developments, is pushing the industry to consider different and more sustainable ways of producing textile products. A new technology-infrastructure to facilitate this transition is required, to support companiesand consumers access critical data on individual garments.

150 billion items of clothing are produced annually worldwide [EMF2022], of which around 12.5 billion were tagged in 2022, using radiofrequency identification (RFID) technology [Checkpoint2022]. The use of RFID tags is increasing rapidly, with the market projected to reach $35.6 Billion by 2030 [MarketsAndMarkets2022].

However, there are mainly two sustainability related problems holding back the full potential of RFID in the fashion industry:

Weaknesses in current RFID-tag technologies: low robustness, non-washability, and attachment to temporary labels not integrated with the garment itself. 12.5 Billion RFID-tags were used last year in the fashion industry, mainly for inventory management [Checkpoint2022]. Those billions of paper/metal/label tags are usually removed immediately after sale and end up in landfill (which is very bad for the environment), because they are not washable or comfortable to wear with thegarment. For garments to be traceable throughout their lifecycle (enabling efficiencies and circular models), there is a need for integrating permanent 'Digital Passports' (e.g. RFID) in each textile-based product, and for easy access to data contained in these Digital Passports.

Lack of data access, exchange and integration between supply chain actors: Currently, stakeholders use their own independent data management system/s. Therefore, the biggest challenges for efficient recycling/reuse of clothing is lack of access to data on fibre/material content. This makes it very difficult to implement automated systems for breaking up and separating used clothing items into their different fibre components.
Determination of protein content in cooked foods consumed by toddlers aged 1-2 years in Sri Lanka
Authors: A. Buddhika Gayani Silva  , Renuka Jayatissa  , M. Thishani Shanika Pathirathne  , Wijelath Arachchige Gihan Erandika Wijelath  , W.A. Deepthi Nayananjalie
Published: December 2023

In early life, protein deficiency as well as heavy protein intake cause adverse conditions. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the protein adequacy of diets in 1-2-year-old toddlers in the Alawwa Medical Officer of Health (MOH) area, Kurunegala, Sri Lanka. Data on food consumption was obtained by 24-hour dietary recall method from selected caregivers (n=60) andcommonly consumed foods (n=30) were cooked using household preparation protocols practiced in the area. They were homogenized and analyzed for protein. The majority of toddlers among the selected population consumed rice-based meals (73%) as the main meal (cooked rice with vegetable accompaniments), while 27% preferred mixed diets (a mixture of vegetables, pulses, leafy vegetables and fish along with rice). A serving of commercial cereal products provided the highest estimateddaily intake (EDI) of protein (10.70 ± 0.40 g). The average EDI of protein of all categories of foods per portion (rice, vegetables, pulses, green leaves, fish, eggs, rice mixtures and cereal products) was 31.55 ± 0.88 g, contributing to the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of 242.64% and 150.17% for 1-2 year toddlers as defined by the Department of Agriculture, United States (USDA) and Sri Lankan RDA defined by Medical Research Institute (MRI), respectively. In conclusion, the cooked foods prepared according to local recipes fulfilled the dietary requirements of protein for toddlers aged 1-2 years in the Alawwa MOH area following USDA and Sri Lankan nutrition guidelines.

Keywords: Estimated Daily Intake, Protein, Recommended Dietary Allowance, Toddlers
CAPACIDADE DE BROTAÇÃO DE DOIS CLONES DE EUCALIPTO EM SISTEMA SILVIPASTORIL NO SUDOESTE DA AMAZÔNIA
Authors: Dos Santos Miranda Cristiane , Coelho de Souza Felippe , Casagranda Giuliano
Published: December 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a capacidade de brotação de dois clones de eucalipto sob diferentes níveis de adubação em sistema silvipastoril no sudoeste da Amazônia. O povoamento onde se conduziu a brotação foi implantado em dezembro de 2018 em Capixaba, Acre. As árvores foram submetidas a decepa em dezembro de 2021. O delineamento estatístico foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial de 2 (clones) x 3 (níveis de adubação), com três repetições e seis tratamentos. Os tratamentos com o cloneVM01 demonstraram valores de sobrevivência acima de 95%, o que evidencia boa adaptação às condições ambientais da região. Os tratamentos do clone I144 apresentaram sobrevivência abaixo de 55% na última avaliação. Verificou-se forte correlação de diâmetro da cepa (dt) com sobrevivência (R), número de brotos (NB) e altura das brotações (H), o que contribuiu para que os tratamentos com o clone VM01 apresentassem os maiores valores para R, NB e H. A diferenciação nas doses de NPK aplicadas não resultou em variações (p>0,05) no crescimento inicial e nos tecidos foliares. A condução da brotação mostrou-se um método promissor para o clone VM01, enquanto para o manejo do clone I144, esta técnica não deve ser recomendada para a região do estudo.
Palavras-chave: talhadia; integração pecuária floresta; Eucalyptus spp; sistemas agroflorestais.
 
Sprouting capacity of two eucalyptus clones in silvopastoral system in Southwest Amazonia
 
ABSTRACT: The objective of this work was to evaluate the sprouting capacity of two eucalyptus clones under different levels of fertilization in a silvopastoral system in southwest Amazonia. The stand where budding was conducted was implanted in December 2018 in Capixaba, Acre. The trees underwent felling in December 2021. The statistical design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme of 2 (clones) x 3 (fertilization levels), with three replications and six treatments. Treatments with cloneVM01 showed survival values ​​above 95%, which shows good adaptation to the environmental conditions of the region. Clone I144 treatments showed survival below 55% in the last evaluation. There was a strong correlation between vine diameter (dt) and survival (R), number of shoots (NB) and height of shoots (H), which contributed to the fact that treatments with clone VM01 presented the highest values ​​for R, NB and H. Differentiation in applied NPK doses did not result in variations (p>0.05) in initial growth and leaf tissues. Sprouting proved to be a promising method for clone VM01, while for the management of clone I144; this technique should not be recommended for the study region.
Keywords: coppice; forest livestock integration; Eucalyptus spp; agroforestry systems.
Benthic invertebrate at three sites on the Tigris River, Iraq
Authors: Ahmed Hashim Rasha
Published: December 2023

The study was conducted from November 2021 to May 2022 at the three study sites within the Baghdad governorate. The study aims to identify the impact of human activities on the Tigris River, so an area free of human activities was chosen and represented the first site. A total of 48 types were diagnosed, 6204 ind/m3 spread over three sites; The following environmental indicators were evaluated: Constancy Index (S), Relative abundance index (Ra), Richness Index (between 17.995 and 23.251), Shannon Weiner Index (0.48-1.25 bit/ind.), Uniformity Index (0.124 -0.323). The study showed that the highest percentage recorded was for the phylum Annileda 34%; and stability index show that taxes (Stylaria sp, Aoelosoma sp, Branchinra Sowerby, Chrironomidae sp ) found by 100%, the relative abundance index show that Taxes(Seinura sp 46% in site 2)( other nematode 43% in site 3,42% in site 1),(Physa sp 41% in site 1). The physical and chemical factors were measured BOD between (4.4- 1 mg L-1), DO (10.3-8.3 mg L-1), E.C (893-532 ‰), NO3 (3.12-1 mg L-1), O.M (4.76-1 %), pH (6.8-7.5), PO4 (0.39-0.1 mg L-1), S (0.340-0.571 %), T.H. (321-489 mg L-1), TDS (450-276 mg L-1), Turb (6.3-3.4 mg L-1), C.W. (0.97-0.51 m sec-1), W.T. (13-7 D°).
Keywords: environmental monitoring; water quality; aquatic macroinvertebrates.
 
Invertebrados bentônicos em três locais do Rio Tigres, Bagdá, Iraque
 
RESUMO: O estudo foi realizado de novembro de 2021 a maio de 2022, em três locais na província de Bagdá, objetivando identificar o impacto das atividades humanas no Rio Tigre; nesse caso, foi escolhida uma área livre de atividades humanas – representando o ponto de coleta 1. Foram diagnosticados 48 tipos, 6.204 ind/m3 distribuídos em três locais. Foram avaliados os seguintes indicadores ambientais: índice de constância (S), Índice de Abundância Relativa (Ra), Índice de Riqueza entre (17.995-23.251), Shannon Weiner Índice (0,48-1,25 bit/ind.), índice de uniformidade (0,124 -0,323) e índice de estabilidade. The study showed that the highest percentage recorded was for the phylum Annileda (34%) and that the species Stylaria sp, Aoelosoma sp, Branchinra Sowerby, Chrironomidae sp were found in 100% of the evaluations; the relative abundance index shows that Seinura sp represents 46% at site 2; other nematodes represent 43% at site 2 3.42% at site 1; Physa sp represents 41% of observations at site 1. Os fatores físicos e químicos medidos apresentaram os seguintes resultados: BOD entre (4.4- 1 mg L-1), DO (10.3-8.3 mg L-1), E.C (893-532 ‰), NO3 (3.12-1 mg L-1), O.M (4.76-1 %), pH (6.8-7.5), PO4 (0.39-0.1 mg L-1), S (0.340-0.571 %), T.H. (321-489 mg L-1), TDS (450-276 mg L-1), Turb (6.3-3.4 mg L-1), C.W. (0.97-0.51 m sec-1), W.T. (13-7 D°).
Palavras-chave:  monitoramento ambiental; qualidade da água; macroinvertebrados aquáticos.
الأسلوب المنهجي عند الأستاذ الدكتور عبد العزيز الخياط في تفنيد المزاعم اليهودية في الأحقية التاريخية للوجود اليهودي ببيت المقدس من خلال كتابه اليهود وخرافاتهم حول أنبيائهم والقدس
Authors: KARABELLİ M.kamel
Published: December 2023

تقوم فكرة الوجود اليهودي بفلسطين وبيت المقدس على وجه الخصوص عند اليهود على أساس زعمهم بالأحقية التاريخية لذلك الوجود، وسلكوا في سبيل ذلك كل أنواع التجنِّي، بدءًا من التدليس في الحقائق التاريخية، وانتهاءً بسلوك المنهج الميكافيلي (المصلحي) في سبيل تحقيق ذلك الادِّعاء الفاسد، الذي قام على ردِّه وبيان فسادِه عددٌ من الباحثين والكُتّاب المعاصرين. وكان مِن أبرز مَن كَتب في هذا المجال الدكتور عبد العزيز الخياط في كتاب له بعنوان "اليهود وخرافاتهم حول أنبيائهم والقدس". ولم يسلك الخياط في بحثه الأسلوب العاطفي الذي يخدش في صحة المعلومة التاريخية، ويُضعف من طريقة عرضها. وقد بنى كتابه رحمه الله على أُسسٍ علمية متينةٍ، أهمها اعتماد دلالات النصوص الشرعية الثابتة، ثم الاعتماد على القرائن التاريخية والأثرية للبرهان على صحة ما يستنبطه من المعاني المعقولة من تلك النصوص، كما اعتمد في الرد على كذب اليهود على أسلوب الاحتجاج عليهم بما جاء في التوراة نفسها من معلومات لا يمكنهم إنكارها، واعتمد أيضًا أسلوب الرد بتناقض أقوال حاخاماتهم وكبرائهم وأهل المعرفة بالآثار منهم، ثم من خلال تقريرات علماء وباحثين وكُتّاب غربيين، يقرؤون مزاعم اليهود بعين الناقد الحيادي، بحيث شكلت الأساليب بمجموعها ردًّا مَنهجيًا مُحكمًا، لا يَسَعُ إنكارُه بحالٍ، ويأنَسُ القلب إلى صحته ومعقوليّته.
Sheikh Jarrah Issue in the Context of the Palestinian Resistance against the Israeli Occupation: A Game Changer
Authors: KARAMAH Samah
Published: December 2023

The dynamics of the Palestinian issue have been characterised by the domination of the paradigm of the settler colonialism in which the state of Israel has been exercising unjust policies against the Palestinians. The Jewish state whose borders have not yet been established, wants to build more settlements at the expense of the Palestinians who are viewed as a demographic threat. While the Nakba of 1948 is associated with the dispossession of over 500,000 Palestinians, it is difficult to say that it is limited to that year. The Israeli government’s decision to expel the Palestinians from the Sheikh Jarrah neighbourhood from the homes they had lived in for decades resurrected the image of the never-ending Nakba. This paper attempts to answer the question of how the potential dispossession of the Sheikh Jarrah neighbourhood impacted the dynamics of the Palestinian issue by shedding light on Sheikh Jarrah case’s developments including its origins, Israel’s ethnic cleansing policies, the Palestinians’ steadfastness and the international formal and informal responses.
Factors affecting the income of Cassiavera farmers in Kerinci Regency
Authors: Nurhayani Nurhayani , Haryadi Haryadi , Zulfanetti Zulfanetti
Published: December 2023

Cassiavera's contribution to the regional economy of Kerinci Regency is 5.58%,  6.35%  to the gross value added, and 21.23%  the contribution to regional exports. Cassiavera's lands are mostly controlled by "white-collar farmers" or in The local language is called ”land lord”. If there is an increase in the price of Cassiavera, then the "white-collar farmers" will benefit, not the cultivators or "black-collar farmers". “Black-collar farmers” are those who actually work on Cassiavera lands, only labor or wage farmers with a piece-work or daily system. The increase in Cassiavera prices does not directly increase the welfare of Cassiavera farmers.  This study aims to analyze and determine the factors that affect the income of Cassiavera farmers in Kerinci Regency.  The analytical method used is descriptive Crosstab method and multiple linear regression with Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The results of the Crosstab tabulation show that there is a relationship between Cassiavera's age, education, labor and land area with Cassivaera's farm income, while the number of stems has no relationship with Cassivaera's farm income. The results of this regression indicate that, partially Cassiavera age, labor and land area have a significant and significant effect on the income of Cassiavera farmers in Kerinci Regency, while the number of stems and education have no effect on the income of Cassiavera farmers. Simultaneously, all variables of Cassiavera age, number of stems, education, labor and land area have a significant effect on farmers' income.
The mandarese gastronomy: Preference and opportunities for food diversification on the dining table of young generations
Authors: Kasmiati Kasmiati , Karim Ikawati , Farid Karim Faradilah
Published: December 2023

The circulation of global food, especially fast food like sausages, nuggets, fried chicken such as KFC, and other instant food, has been circulating into rural areas. Many estimated younger generation's preferences would change under these conditions. Because of that, we were conducted research in the Tinambung, Polewali Mandar District, West Sulawesi Province, from May to August 2021 to understand the young preferences for food. The research found that the Millennial, Z, and Alpha generations of Mandarese still have a good preference for their local gastronomy. The types of the Mandarese food on this study are Baupiapi, Jepa, Bubur Tarreang, Loka Anjoroi, and Binte. Those are made from local raw materials such as cassava, banana, coconut, fish, millet, and corn. These agricultural and local raw materials can be the basis for developing more diverse food for the daily consumption of the youth. The young generation's preferences are essential because their population is enormous. It means their food preference will affect the food system. It can also be a factor in determining a future food diversification policy and self-sufficiency of the Mandarese. Currently, the highest preference of the young generation in Polewali Mandar still tends to like and choose Mandar gastronomy compared with global foods. It shows that local foods are still in line with the youth's preferences but need to develop as an essential part of their daily consumption. Their preferences for local gastronomy are still facing challenges; it will be more diverse or even the other way around because of the hegemony of the global food trend.
Forecasting Indonesia's ginger export with major competing countries in the international market
Authors: Elpawati Elpawati , Wirhanti Puspi Eko , Aisyah Salma Nur
Published: December 2023

The volatile and unbalanced global demand for ginger makes it difficult for Indonesia to realize the decline and rise in exports. An analysis of export relations among between China, India, the Netherlands, and Indonesia is indispensable as these countries are the main exporters of ginger worldwide. Therefore, this ginger-exporting study aims to analyze the relationship between ginger exporting countries Indonesia, China, India, and the Netherlands from January 2013 to December 2017. Investigate the shock effect of increasing Chinese, Indian, and the Netherlands ginger exports on Indonesian ginger exports from January 2018 to December 2024. Explore the effect of changes in ginger exports in the four countries from 2018 to 2024. Analysis of relationships and influences over the next 6 years from 2018-2024 was performed using a time-series timeseries in the form of ginger export data from Indonesia, China, India, and the Netherlands for the 2013-2017. The analysis method used VAR (VECM), while the data were processed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and EViews 10 applications. The results showed a relationship between the four4 countries in the long term, significantly affecting the increase and decrease ginger exports in Indonesia, the Netherlands, and India. Between the 2018-2024, Indonesia's ginger exports will increase by 92%, followed by the Netherlands 7%, China 0.2%, and India 0.8%. For the China, ginger exports will increase 80% followed by Indonesia 4%, India 5%, and the Netherlands 11%. Meanwhile, for Indian ginger, an increase in exports will be dominated by India at 68%, Indonesia 20%, China 6%, and the Netherlands 6%. As for the Netherlands ginger exports, there will be an increase dominated by Indonesia at 73%, China 1%, India 5%, and the Netherlands 21%.
Institutional sustainability strategy of farmers in red onion farming
Authors: Syarif Asriyanti , Mudatsir Rasdiana
Published: December 2023

Farmer participation will continue to be sustainable, so an institutional sustainability strategy is needed to develop agriculture as a support for the Indonesian economy. This study took informants from farmer groups and extension agents which were carried out purposively. Data collection was carried out by conducting in-depth interviews through the FGD (Focus Group Discussion) mechanism. Data analysis was carried out in a qualitative descriptive manner to answer the institutional goals of support and participation while the sustainability strategy was carried out by adopting a variant of Brinkerhoff's theory of sustainability strategy. Supporting institutions in red onion farming are farmer groups and extension workers who synergize with each other. Participation of group members: decision making and technological innovation by 40%, providing advice and input by 80% and utilizing local wisdom by 100%. The mechanical sustainability strategy follows group procedures based on SOPs and is active in the process. Adaptive strategy by providing knowledge about the impact of climate change. Interactive strategy by providing input on sustainable agriculture such as: the use of organic fertilizers. While the reactive strategy is carried out by using technology from innovation and the adoption process.
CLINICAL, ANGIOGRAPHIC AND FUNCTIONAL PARAMETERS DETERMINING DECISION TO PERFORM REVASCULARIZATION IN STABLE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE PATIENTS WITH INTERMEDIATE CORONARY LESIONS
Authors: Stan Mykola V. , Mikhaliev Кyrylo О. , Zharinov Oleg J. , Khokhlov Andriy V. , Todurov Borys M.
Published: December 2023

The aim: to study the clinical, angiographic and functional parameters, and their relation to the decision on percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in stable coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with intermediate coronary stenoses (ІСS) at patient and lesion levels.
Materials and methods. The cross-sectional study enrolled 123 patients (62±9 years; 73,2 % males) with stable CAD and angiographically ICS (50-90 %). Stable angina CCS class II (CCSII) was diagnosed in 70 (56,9 %) patients, class III (CCSIII) – 29 (23,6 %); 24 (19,5 %) patients were free from angina (Afree). Fractional flow reserve (FFR) was assessed in 74 (60,2 %) patients (min per patient). The hemodynamically significant lesion was considered if FFR ≤0,80 a.u. The decision to perform PCI was undertaken in 93 (76 %) patients. In addition, the functional data from 128 lesions were analyzed.
Results. The CCSIII group was characterized by less frequent previous PCI (21 % vs. 46 % in the pooled group [CCSII + Afree]; р=0,018); the predominance of cases with (max) severe [70-90 %] coronary stenosis (96 % vs. 78 % in CCSII and 54 % in Afree; ptrend<0,001); the lower (min) FFR ([median, quartiles] 0,70 (0,64-0,74) vs. 0,87 (0,81-0,90) in Afree; p˂0,002); and the decision to perform PCI in the vast majority of cases (93 % vs. 79 % in CCSII and 46 % in Afree; ptrend<0,001). The Afree/CCSII/CCSIII groups demonstrated a trend towards a decrease in frequency of cases with (max) [60-69 %] stenosis (38 %, 13 % and none, respectively; ptrend<0,001), and a tendency towards the cases with (max) [80-90 %] stenosis to be more prevalent (29 %, 39 % and 55 %, respectively; ptrend=0,051). The frequency of cases with (max) stenosis [70-79 %] was comparable in the studied groups (Afree/CCSII/CCSIII: 25 %/39 %/41 %, respectively [ptrend=0,240]). At lesion-level, all [80-90 %] lesions (n=28) appeared to be hemodynamically significant. In turn, the [60-69 %] lesions (n=24) included 5 (21 %) significant ones. Finally, the [70-79 %] lesions (n=44) included 28 (64 %) significant and 16 (36 %) non-significant ones.
Conclusions. Among the stable CAD patients with angiographically ICS, those with CCSIII were characterized by less frequent previous PCI, significant decrease in FFR and the decision to perform index PCI in the vast majority of cases. There is a need for more precise diagnosis and assessment of myocardial ischemia in patients with an intermediate pre-test obstructive CAD probability, including the cases of previously performed PCI.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF DIFFERENT METHODS OF OSTEOTOMY WHEN PERFORMING CLOSED RHINOPLASTY
Authors: Karchynskyi Oleksandr O. , Lupyr Andriy V. , Karchynska Tetiana O.
Published: December 2023

The aim. Increasing the effectiveness of treatment of patients with primary deformity of the nasal skeleton with a pronounced violation of the function of nasal breathing, by improving existing and developing new methods of reconstructive surgery of the nose.
Materials and methods. 38 patients participated in the study. They were divided into two groups of 19 patients each. The gender and age distribution in both groups was approximately the same. The control group had rhinoplasty performed using a traditional osteotomy. Endonasal continuous osteotomy was performed using a 4 mm chisel. The research group underwent a combination of piezoelectric surgery and combined transcutaneous access, during rhinoplasty. At the same time, a 3 mm chisel was used for lateral and transverse lateral osteotomies, and a piezotome was used to remove the hump, medial and transverse dorsal osteotomies. All patients of both groups underwent only primary rhinoplasty in a closed manner.
Results. Postoperative symptoms and complications were studied in both groups: perforation of the mucous membrane, narrowing of the nasal airways, bony irregularities, eyelid swelling, periorbital ecchymoses, as well as overall patient satisfaction. Symptoms were evaluated on the first day after surgery, 3 days after surgery, and 1 week after treatment. When comparing the obtained data, a statistically significant decrease in intra- and post-operative complications was found when performing rhinoplasty using piezoelectric surgery in combination with transcutaneous access. Also, piezotome osteotomy in combination with transcutaneous access has a number of advantages over classic osteotomy, which consist in reducing traumatic complications, obtaining more stable bone structures during surgery, which gives a better predicted result of rhinoplasty, and therefore, greater patient satisfaction.
Conclusions. Performing a combination of piezotome osteotomy with a transcutaneous approach improves the postoperative period for patients and contributes to a better rhinoplasty result due to fewer complications.
STRUCTURE OF ANXIETY DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC MIGRAINE AND ABDOMINAL OBESITY
Authors: Vorokhta Yrii M. , Bieliaieva Nadiia V.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. In Ukraine, on average, 30% of people are obese and 25% are overweight. In parallel with the increase in the number of overweight patients, the percentage of people with migraine is increasing. The prevalence of migraine is high, it affects 12-15% of the population. Both diseases negatively affect not only the function of internal organs, but also the nervous-psychological state of patients, leading to anxiety and depressive disorders.
The aim of the study was to analyze the features of the structure of anxiety disorders in obese patients with chronic migraine.
Materials and methods: 180 patients (90 women and 90 men) were examined and divided into two clinical groups: 1st group – 60 persons with chronic migraine with an average BMI=23.5.8±1.10 kg/m2; 2nd group – 60 obese patients with chronic migraine, BMI=34.6±1.42 kg/m2. The control group consisted of 60 patients without a headache and with averange BMI=19.5±0.7 kg/m2. The ICHD-3 criteria were used to diagnose migraine. The DSM-5 criteria were used to diagnose anxiety disorders. The patient's level of anxiety was measured using Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (TMAS). Statistical processing was performed using dispersion and correlation analysis.
Results: Phobic anxiety disorders were in 1.5 times more common in 2nd group patients (c2=9.81, p<0.001) than in 1st group patients; panic disorder was in 1.8 times more frequent in 2nd group (c2= 11.99, p<0.001) than in the 1st group, generalized anxiety disorder was in 2 times (c2=13.08, p<0.0001) less common in patients with chronic migraine than in comorbid patients. The total number of patients with anxiety disorders in patients with chronic migraine on the background of abdominal obesity was twice folds higher (c2=20.93, p=0.00001) than in 1st group patients.
Conclusions: the presence of concomitant abdominal obesity in patients with chronic migrane, not only increases the total number of anxiety disorders, but also affects their structure. Therefore, in addition to basic anti-migraine therapy, non-medicinal therapy in the form of a balanced diet, an individual exercise program and 10-12 sessions of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) should be supplemented for the treatment of such patients.
CLINICAL-PSYCHOPATHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE AND EXPRESSION OF NEGATIVE AND POSITIVE SYMPTOMS IN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: Maruta Nataliya О. , Kushnir Yurii , Markova Marianna V. , Abdryakhimova Tsira B. , Denysenko Mykhailo M.
Published: December 2023

The aim: to determine the features of the clinical-psychopathological structure and severity of negative and positive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia to improve diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia.
Materials and methods. 252 patients with negative symptoms (NS) in schizophrenia and 79 patients with positive symptoms (PS) in schizophrenia were examined. The research used a comprehensive approach, which consisted in the use of clinical-psychopathological, psychometric (PANSS scale) and statistical research methods.
Results. Manifestations of positive symptoms in patients with NS in schizophrenia were mainly delineated by delusions of a minimal and weak level; minimal manifestations of delirium, unusual behavior and thought disorders; the predominance of patients with no disorders, minimal disorders and a weak level of disorders of hallucinatory behavior, excitement, ideas of grandeur, suspiciousness, and hostility. Manifestations of negative symptoms in patients with NS in schizophrenia were characterized by a predominance of medium and severe levels of blunted affect; moderate and average levels of emotional alienation; violation of abstract thinking of a weak and moderate level; average level of impaired fluency and spontaneity of speech; moderate communication impairment; passive-apathetic social detachment of the average level.
Among patients with PS in schizophrenia, the manifestations of positive symptoms were mainly delineated by delusions of medium and strong levels of severity; moderate and pronounced manifestations of delirium; a moderate level of severity of thinking disorders and unusual behavior; predominance of moderate, medium and strong levels of expression of hallucinatory behavior, excitement, ideas of grandeur, suspicion and hostility. Manifestations of negative symptoms in patients with PS in schizophrenia were characterized by a predominance of a minimal level of expression of dulled affect, social exclusion and impaired fluency and spontaneity of speech; minimal and weak levels of emotional alienation; average level of communication disorders and abstract thinking.
Conclusions. Features of the clinical-psychopathological structure and severity of negative and positive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia were established. The obtained data can serve as diagnostic criteria for conducting differential diagnosis and choosing treatment strategies for patients with schizophrenia.