bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A geopolítica do poder: movimentos cotidianos e deslocamentos forçados na modernidade
Authors: Chagas Claudia , Rocha Renata , Lobo Thamy
Published: June 2022

Os deslocamentos forçados na modernidade ocuparam um lugar de destaque nas agendas políticas mundiais, tornando-se um tema necessário e poderoso nos debates internacionais em diferentes dimensões das análises políticas, econômicas e também sociológicas. Para esmiuçar esses novos entendimentos sobre esse fenômeno, trazemos à discussão o “Relatório de Tendências Globais em Deslocamento Forçado” e alguns documentos legais produzidos e/ou incorporados nas políticas de Estado por diversos países para tratar do assunto e, também, políticas públicas formuladas no Brasil para o enfrentamento da questão. Para tanto, também foi elaborado um breve panorama histórico-crítico da formação geopolítica do mundo e suas implicações no acelerado processo de migração e refúgio, abrangendo conceitos como identidade histórica e cultural e a legitimação do “Outro” por meio da aposta na diferença. A investigação construída será apoiada no conceito teórico-epistemológico de “colonialidade do poder”, que opera na relação indivíduo-Estado-deslocamento, tendo como base teórico-metodológica os estudos com os cotidianos, a partir de um de seus movimentos de pesquisa, denominado “Sentimento mundo”. Por fim, reitera-se o compromisso da investigação em criar “táticas”, como aprendemos com o cotidiano, e criar “Outras” vozes de enunciação e polifonia, chamando atenção para esse fenômeno mundial que são os deslocamentos forçados na atualidade.
Impactos da pandemia de COVID-19 na relação entre estrutura de capital e desempenho: análise das empresas listadas na B3
Authors: Souza Thiago Borges de , Carraro Wendy Beatriz Witt Haddad , Pinheiro Alan Bandeira
Published: June 2022

Objective: This study aimed to identify, per sector, the impact caused by the Covid-19 pandemic on the relationship between Brazilian companies listed on B3 capital structure and performance.Method: Financial Statements data from 2019 and 2020 of 100 Brazilian companies that were listed in B3 were analyzed. After collecting data from the Economática® database, indebtedness, performance, and control variables were calculated.Originality: The results found may be useful for future studies on the capital structure, helping to enrich the Pecking Order Theory. The study intends to attract the interest of managers who seek to expand their knowledge on the subject.Results: The findings show that the Covid-19 pandemic negatively impacted all companies in the sample, increasing their indebtedness and, therefore, decreasing their performance, since the correlation between indebtedness and performance was negative. It was found that in all sectors the indebtedness variables showed a negative correlation with the measured performance variables.Contributions: This study contributes to the expansion of work on capital structure, especially as it presents results of Brazilian companies during Covid-19 period. Furthermore, it is possible to ratify Pecking Order Theory assumptions, or in other words managers adjust their resource preference to finance their firms.
Leadership 5.0: Towards a Post Normal Era
Authors: Tanti Widia Nurdiani
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted numerous aspects of life. The effects of industrial revolution 4.0 and society 5.0 bring new chances for Indonesia as it enters the post-normal age. For Indonesia, a revolution that stresses digital economic growth is beneficial. Mrs. Tanti Widia Nurdiani, director of Smart Indonesia Academy, was invited by DPK Perbarindo Malang Raya to conduct a leadership 5.0 workshop for all BPR BPRS in the Perbarindo Malang Raya Region. This form of training is a community-empowerment-focused activity. This approach to community empowerment intends to enhance leadership 5.0 for BPR BPRS throughout the Perbarindo Malang Raya Region. This is a qualitative research method with an analytical descriptive approach. This study focuses on the training offered by Smart Indonesia Academy to BPR BPRS in the Perbarindo Malang Raya Region. Smart Indonesia Academy successfully performed a community service project on May 21, 2022, at the Atria Hotel & Conference, which was attended by BPR BPRS members from the entire Perbarindo Region and Malang Raya. The Smart Indonesia Academy has prioritized leadership 5.0 knowledge.
Exploring Food Guidance 2. Dairy in Pregnancy: Advice, Physiology and Evidence
Authors: Drivers Jo , Chenery-Morris Sam
Published: June 2022

In the second article of our series looking at the guidance and evidence surrounding counselling pregnant and postnatal women around food and drink, we explore dairy; how concepts of dairy are changing, the nutritional components of dairy and their function in pregnancy, and alternatives for those who cannot or choose not to consume it.
Being Empowered to Reduced Unnecessary Medicalisation of the Latent Phase
Authors: Norton Justine
Published: June 2022

Medical care saves lives, but the biomedic al model of care should not be the dominant model in maternity. By offering some insight into global definitions of the latent phase and associated outcomes of a prolonged latent phase, this article highlights how the unnecessary medic alisation of the latent phase occurs within the UK. Discussion surrounds how midwives as a group can claim empowerment and prevent unnecessary medicalisation through leadership, thinking beyond guidelines, constructing midwifery knowledge and listening to women. It acts as an introduction for midwives to suggest how they can change their practice as a professional group.
Childbirth in Syria: Obstetric Outcomes and Challenges
Authors: Alessia Charion Aly
Published: June 2022

As I became more aware of the refugee crisis, I started also asking myself: What’s going on in these countries that is forcing people to flee their homes? I knew very little of the conflict in Syria, so I decided to educate myself. What I learned was simply horrific, and I was saddened to realise how little is said about this ongoing war. This article casts a light on the challenges that women in Syria are facing when seeking care (specifically in the context of childbirth). It’s heart-breaking to learn about these realities, but also very important to stay connected as a worldwide community.
Matricentric or Medically Responsible: An Exploration of Midwives’ Attitudes Towards Caring for Women and Birthing People Who Choose to Birth Outside of Guidelines
Authors: Westbury Becky , Einion Alys
Published: June 2022

Matricentric care centres around the birthing woman/person and acknowledges the systems and structures that may impact upon them and their experience.1 Choice is embedded into modern maternity care, with multiple human rights legislations supporting an individual’s rights to accept or decline care.2 In practice, birthing people have reported incidences of facing opposition or feeling unsupported in their choices,3 which has the potential to lead them to pursue other options exposing them to more risk.4 Midwives play an integral role in supporting birth choices and providing respectful maternity care,5 and as such it is crucial to identify factors affecting this.
Spontaneous Versus Directing Pushing: An Exploration Of Current Practice, Evidence, Theories And The Potential For Promotion Of Physiological Birth
Authors: Tooke-Marchant Jen
Published: June 2022

In spite of national and local guidelines advocating for spontaneous maternal effort during the second stage of labour, directed pushing is still common in the UK. In this article, relevant research findings will be examined and critically appraised and theories pertinent to sociological and psychological aspects of care will be considered. Through analysing the role of the midwife, the potential for promotion of normality will be discussed.
Covid-19 as the trigger for digital transformation: The case of the bicycle industry in Portugal
Authors: São Martinho Bárbara , Azevedo Ana , Malta Mariana
Published: June 2022

COVID-19 brought big challenges to industries at a global level, which had to reinvent themselves to ensure their future in a short period of time. Many companies were faced with a scenario that required fast digital transformation. This article aims to present the state of the art of literature on COVID-19 impact on the bicycle industry and digital transformation in Portugal. To do so we performed a research for scientific articles to carry out a critical analysis of the literature related to the digital transformation and about the impact of COVID-19 in this sector, and we have noticed that the bicycle industry grew in Portugal during the pandemic, and we also realized that the digital transformation has become fundamental to companies’ survival. We intend to go deeper into this topic through a qualitative methodological approach.
Análise dos Principais Fatores que Influenciam o Comportamento do Consumidor na Tomada de Decisão de Compra
Authors: Rocha Cláudia , Costa Eusébio , Sousa Pinto Agostinho
Published: June 2022

O artigo de revisão de literatura tem como objetivo identificar e compreender quais são os principais fatores que influenciam o consumidor no momento de decisão da compra de produtos e serviços online. Desta forma, com recurso a cinco bases de dados, foi desenvolvida a revisão de literatura através de uma avaliação profunda e crítica de trabalhos de investigação anteriores no âmbito do negócio eletrónico. Os resultados apontam como principais fatores de influência: cultural, social, pessoal e psicológico. Para além dos fatores de influência, verificou-se que ao longo do processo de revisão de literatura são mencionadas várias teorias e modelos associados ao comportamento do consumidor. A teoria mais destacada na literatura é a Teoria Social Cognitiva foca a influência do ambiente no consumidor. A seleção dos artigos mais relevantes permitiu verificar que o comportamento do consumidor é cada vez mais um objeto de estudo, sendo importante nas áreas do marketing e da psicologia.
A experiência de compra on-line e a imagem das marcas de luxo
Authors: Oliveira Ricardo , Veiga Pereira Inês
Published: June 2022

Transitar de um ambiente de comércio tradicional para um ambiente de e-commerce é algo que já muitas marcas fizeram, no entanto, esta transição pode ser delicada no contexto de uma marca de luxo. A experiência de compra on-line, num segmento de mercado tão específico como é o luxo, pode ter um papel influenciador na imagem das marcas. O principal objetivo deste estudo é encontrar uma problemática para investigação através da revisão dos aspetos mais relevantes, teorias, controvérsias sobre luxo, e-commerce e experiência do consumidor. O luxo é visto como um sinal icónico de exclusividade, estatuto, riqueza e poder daquele que o usa. O luxo tem sido alvo de bastante desejo o que levou a que os modelos de negócios evoluíssem, sendo possível definir vários níveis de luxo: luxo acessível, luxo intermédio e luxo inacessível. No contexto de marca a definição de luxo deriva na perspetiva do consumo ou do produto. Podemos considerar e-commerce como a ação de vender bens ou serviços através da Internet ou então como um processo de distribuição de bens e serviços por intermédio de meios eletrónicos.
O impacto do Brand Equity na confiança de um utilizador de e-commerce
Authors: Moreira Francisco , Veiga Pereira Inês
Published: June 2022

O documento perante o qual estamos presentes trata-se da revisão de literatura desenvolvida no âmbito da Unidade Curricular de Metodologias de Investigação e Comunicação Científica, que decorreu no segundo semestre do primeiro ano do Mestrado de Negócio Eletrónico no Instituto Superior de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto, nos meses de fevereiro a junho. As atividades realizadas durante este período, propostas e orientadas pela professora responsável pela Unidade Curricular, tiveram sempre como objetivo principal conhecer, perceber e aplicar as metodologias de investigação e todas as práticas que lhes são anexas. Deste modo, foi sempre prioridade tirar o maior benefício da experiência, apreendendo todos os conhecimentos possíveis e aplicando-os neste artigo, que funcionará como base fundamental para a dissertação de mestrado a ser realizada sobre a mesma temática no próximo ano. O artigo tem como alvo entender a literatura que existe na temática a ser estudada daqui para a frente e aprofundar os construtos a serem utilizados no modelo que servirá de base para a dissertação com o tema “O impacto do Brand Equity na confiança de um utilizador de plataformas de e-commerce”, de maneira que facilite a sua compreensão posteriormente e cimente as bases para aquilo que será uma investigação mais meticulosa. No fundo, neste artigo tratam-se os aspetos que podem influenciar, negativa ou positivamente, a confiança de um consumidor, no momento de utilização de uma plataforma de e-commerce.
ABUSE OF PROTECTION OF PERSONAL RIGHTS – REMARKS DE LEGE FERENDA
Authors: Zaradkiewicz Kamil
Published: June 2022

The aim of the article is a proposal to supplement the provisions of the Civil Code regulating the instruments of both peculiar and non-peculiar protection of personal sphere (human personality). It is about removing the effects of breach (Art. 24 of the Civil Code) and the institution of compensation for non-pecuniary damage (Art. 448 of the Civil Code). The current general approach of the Code does not indicate the criteria that each time should be followed by the court granting appropriate protection. In practice, this often leads to doubts as to whether the adjudicated protection measure remains adequate on the one hand, and whether it does not constitute an excessive burden (primarily financial) for one, who is responsible on the other hand. The practice also provides numerous examples that sometimes the pursuit of claims for infringement of personal rights is more of a harassment for the defendant than a source of compensation for the aggrieved party. An important example of such irregularities is the phenomenon of so-called SLAPP. The article presents proposals for normative solutions that would allow to avoid the negative effects of these phenomena to a significante
EFFECT OF ZDDP AND FULLERENES ADDED TO PAO 8
LUBRICANT ON TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE SURFACE
LAYER OF STEEL BARE STEEL AND W-DLC COATING
Authors: Kowalczyk Joanna , Kulczycki Andrzej , Madej Monika , Ozimina Dariusz
Published: June 2022

The paper presents the effect of adding zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) and/or fullerenes on the properties
of tribological systems coated with diamond-like carbon coatings doped with tungsten (W-DLC) and 100Cr6
steel without coating. The tribological tests were performed using a ball-on-disc tribometer. Discs made of
bare 100Cr6 steel and discs with W-DLC coating were used as samples. Balls made of 100Cr6 steel were used
as counter samples. The lubricants used:poly (α) olefin oil PAO 8, PAO 8 + 1.5% of ZDDP, PAO 8+ 0.005%
of C60 fullerenes and PAO 8 + 1.5% of ZDDP + 0.005% of C60 fullerenes. Observations of the W-DLC
coating were carried out using a scanning microscope, and the EDS analysis enabled the identification of
the chemical composition along the cross-sections of the coating. A confocal microscope operating in the
interferometric mode was used to analyse the geometrical structure of the samples before and after the friction
tests. Observations of the wear marks on the samples and counter-samples were also carried out using a
scanning microscope, and the chemical composition on the surfaces of the friction pairs was determined. The
obtained test results indicated that the PAO 8 + ZDDP + C60 lubricant caused a reduction in the coefficient of
friction and the linear wear in the tested steel friction pairs. In the case of W-DLC coating, however, the ZDDP
added to PAO 8 increased the resistance to motion with a simultaneous improvement in anti-wear properties.
INFLUENCE OF THIN COATINGS FORMED BY ALD TECHNIQUES
ON THE PROPERTIES OF Ti13Nb13Zr TITANIUM ALLOY
Authors: Piotrowska Katarzyna , Madej Monika
Published: June 2022

The article evaluates the properties of oxide films: Al2O3 and TiO2, deposited using the ALD method on the
Ti13Nb13Zr alloy. It presents the results of examining the geometrical structure of the surface, nanohardness
and tribological tests. The surface’s geometrical structure was tested through optical microscopy, and
nanohardness was determined using the instrumental indentation method with a Berkovich indenter. The
modelling tribological tests were performed in a reciprocating motion under the conditions of technically dry
friction and with lubrication using Ringer's solution. An analysis of the results of tribological tests indicates
that the films were characterised by lower motion resistances and wear with respect to the Ti13Nb13Zr
alloy. Hardness measurements indicate that, as a result of deposition of the films, the hardness increased by
approximately 51% in the case of the Al2O3 film and by approximately 44% in the case of the TiO2 coating.
The produced test results constitute a source of knowledge about the Ti13Nb13Zr alloy, oxide films and the
possibilities of their potential application to low-load biotribological systems.
Focus Dilemmas. Polish School of Social Work in The Face of Global Change: From Community Traditions, Through the Challenges of Professionalization, To the Needs of Internationalization
Authors: Naumiuk Agnieszka
Published: June 2022

The article discusses the priorities of contemporary education in the field of social work, taking into account the challenges of co-creating the culture of aid in Poland and in the world. It shows that this process in Poland took place in the specific political, historical, economic and cultural conditions of the last three decades, separating the roles and functions of professionalizing aid entities in the post-transformation reality of the three sectors. At the same time, the neoliberal market of competing social services and the popularized patterns of various international practices have led to the mixing of the goals and tasks of aid actors, taking the form of parcel bags. The title dilemmas of concentration are the result of the controversy around the education of contemporary social services, in their simultaneous local and global dimensions, attempts to combine axiological missionary and pragmatic management, as well as the needs of selection, limiting and designating frames in order to set priorities for current, often quite unclear, dynamically changing tasks. Sectoral constraints and territorial divisions of functions (local, national, international) generate tension and struggle, obscuring the helping ideas. The article argues that contemporary education for social work in Poland should openly and critically undertake discussions in this area, especially in the face of the need to change the paradigm of education from positivist to critical, from institutional and subject to subjective and co-creative, so that people educated to undertake aid activities are aware of the responsibility for shaping the aid system of a new era, and ready to participate in the processes of its change.
SERVIÇOS ECOSSISTÊMICOS DE CULTURA PRESTADOS PELA ESTAÇÃO ARQUEOLÓGICA DE MANYIKENI
Authors: Ubisse Hélio Geraldo , Conceição Célia Marília da , Jacob Mateus
Published: June 2022

As áreas de conservação proporcionam vários Serviços Ecossistêmicos (SE) necessários para a manutenção das comunidades humanas que habitam em seu torno ou não. Este trabalho foi realizado na estação arqueológica de Manyikeni, com enfoque no ecossistema de floresta que apresenta condições físicas diferentes, com o objectivo de compreender os serviços ecossistémicos de cultura prestados pelo ambiente local, constituído por uma paisagem artificial e natural. Para a compressão do contributo dos SE, foi aplicada a classificação CICES (Common International Standard for Ecosystem Services), onde apurou-se que a Estacão Arqueológica de Manyikeni desempenha um papel importante para as comunidades locais, estudantes, pesquisadores e turistas que se beneficiam.
RELAÇÃO DA PSICOPEDAGOGA COM A EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA
Authors: Borges Silvanir Carmo Valiense
Published: June 2022

A questão da inclusão educacional é de grande interesse global, de forma que organizações internacionais como as Nações Unidas, por meio da UNESCO, constantemente realizem reuniões para identificar os diferentes problemas dos sistemas educacionais no mundo. A inclusão educacional e a atenção à diversidade ao longo dos anos foram transformadas de acordo com os contextos, o que permitiu uma evolução significativa no mundo, que tem sido apoiada por um sistema jurídico, políticas internacionais, através de declarações, convenções, normas, leis, regulamentos e acordos entre os diferentes países, que teve um forte impacto sobre o Brasil. Diante desse enquadramento de interesse global, este artigo visou detalhar a relação da psicopedagogia com a Educação Inclusiva a fim de possibilitar uma aproximação temática de viés teórico e empírico no âmbito da Educação Básica.
L’exception deviendra-t-elle la règle ? Analyse juridique du phénomène de pente glissante
Authors: Hill Louis
Published: June 2022

Face à l’état d’urgence sanitaire, nombreux ont été les juristes à mettre en garde contre la pérennisation des dispositions édictées dans l’urgence. Marqués par la loi n° 2017-1510 du 30 octobre 2017 qui a fait entrer des dispositions de l’état d’urgence terroriste dans le droit commun, ils ont thématisé un argument de la pente glissante depuis la discipline juridique. En vertu de celui-ci, l’édiction de dispositions législatives et réglementaires dans une situation d’urgence tendrait à rendre normal et permanent ce qui devrait être temporaire et exceptionnel. Dans cette contribution, il s’agira de consolider cet argument en mettant en exergue l’existence d’un phénomène juridique de pente glissante. Pour ce faire, nous agirons comme si les mesures d’urgence étaient des précédents judiciaires. Cela nous permettra de mobiliser les théories de l’évolution de la jurisprudence et d’étudier la lente généralisation, dans le droit positif, des règles juridiques établies dans des circonstances exceptionnelles. L’intérêt de la démonstration est non seulement de défendre l’argument de la pente glissante, exposé par certains juristes contemporains, mais aussi d’envisager des moyens de faire face avec sobriété aux situations d’urgence, comme la crise sanitaire rencontrée aujourd’hui ou le désastre environnemental à venir.
Réflexions autour de la distinction entre nécessité et proportionnalité
Authors: Rousseau Pierre
Published: June 2022

Les notions de nécessité et de proportionnalité irriguent la matière répressive. À l’aune de ces exigences, le juge peut contrôler la conformité de la norme pénale aux principes qui lui sont supérieurs, ou encore se prononcer sur la justification d’une infraction. Il est cependant difficile de précisément cerner ce que recouvrent les exigences de nécessité et de proportionnalité. La proportionnalité est parfois considérée dans la doctrine comme une condition de la nécessité. Cette intrication des notions ressort également d’une partie de la jurisprudence française ou européenne. Or, si l’on applique les définitions de la nécessité et de la proportionnalité issues de la doctrine allemande, les contours de chacune de ces exigences se dessinent clairement, de même que leur autonomie. Cette autonomie ne peut que s’accompagner d’une séparation de l’action de l’agent en deux phases : l’action dans son principe, d’une part, et la manière de mettre en œuvre cette action, d’autre part. L’exigence de proportionnalité concerne la seconde, tandis que l’exigence de nécessité n’a vocation à s’appliquer qu’à la première.
La RSE au cœur de la concurrence normative : pour une approche intégrée de ses sources
Authors: Berthillon Florent
Published: June 2022

L’article part du constat d’une concurrence normative entre la loi et les codes de gouvernance autour de la responsabilité sociale des entreprises (RSE). Au-delà de l’aspect éminemment politique de la question, il s’agit d’y voir l’occasion de mesurer les avantages et les inconvénients respectifs de la loi Pacte ou du Code Afep-Medef en tant que vecteur de concrétisation de la RSE. À l’examen, aucune de ces sources ne semble pleinement adaptée à ses spécificités. Plus encore, la concurrence normative autour de la RSE lui nuit plus qu’elle ne la sert, car elle contribue à brouiller la frontière de l’obligatoire et du volontaire, alors même que c’est le bénéfice réputationnel d’une démarche spontanée et non contrainte qui fait tout l’attrait de la RSE pour les entreprises. Ainsi, l’inopportunité de laisser proliférer des sources contradictoires nous conduit à préconiser des types de normes organisant l’articulation de l’obligatoire et du volontaire. En prenant l’exemple d’autres disciplines dans lesquelles, tout comme pour la RSE, le destinataire de la norme est le seul à pouvoir déterminer les modalités de respect de cette dernière, c’est la compliance (« conformité ») qui, en définitive, nous semble la plus adaptée pour réaliser l’intégration de la RSE en droit positif.
Le renouveau de la promesse du vote électronique. Étude du vote par chaîne de blocs au regard du système électoral français
Authors: Surin Serge
Published: June 2022

Si la technologie de la chaîne de blocs (ou blockchain) est, pour le moment, loin d’être d’une maturité telle qu’on puisse, en toute confiance, l’utiliser pour le vote électronique à distance, elle mérite d’être explorée compte tenu de ses potentialités. Cette nouvelle modalité de vote, déjà expérimentée en 2018, apparemment avec succès, en Virginie-Occidentale (États-Unis), est particulièrement intéressante à étudier dans le contexte de la crise de la Covid-19 qui a bouleversé plusieurs processus électoraux en France (élections municipales et régionales reportées), sachant que des experts médicaux annoncent la survenance de plus en plus fréquente de ce type de crises. La principale particularité du vote par chaîne de blocs est qu’il n’est pas possible sans l’usage d’Internet qui permet à la technologie qui l’accompagne de fonctionner, ce qui soulève certaines questions liées notamment au principe de souveraineté des États. En effet, au moment où les États, à l’affût d’informations sur leurs partenaires en vue notamment d’affirmer leur puissance, s’espionnent à travers des outils informatiques (affaire Pegasus par exemple), il semble que cette technique de vote, si elle est envisagée, conduira certainement à d’abord régler le problème de la gestion du Web mondialisé par l’ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ou Société pour l’attribution des noms de domaine et des numéros sur Internet), qui est un organisme, certes « privé », mais dont le siège social se trouve aux États-Unis. Cette contribution tend à étudier de manière critique cette nouvelle modalité de vote politique à partir de l’expérience virginienne.
Mesures de lutte contre la Covid-19 et droits de l’homme en Afrique de l’Ouest : de l’insuffisance de la protection à l’exacerbation des violations des droits de l’homme
Authors: Koffi Fulgence
Published: June 2022

Face aux grands maux, il faut employer de grands moyens. En Afrique de l’Ouest comme partout ailleurs dans le monde, la réaction contre la Covid-19 passe par des mesures drastiques touchant même aux droits les plus élémentaires reconnus à un être humain, qualifiés de droits de l’homme ou libertés fondamentales selon la façon dont on les appréhende. Si l’incidence des mesures de lutte contre le nouveau coronavirus sur les droits de l’homme est un constat universel, en Afrique de l’Ouest il s’avère plus acéré. À l’épreuve des réalités locales (spirale des conflits, pauvreté omniprésente, insécurité alimentaire, défaillance du système sanitaire, activités économiques trop informelles…), les mesures adoptées par les États ouest-africains pour lutter contre le virus se sont révélées peu efficaces dans la protection du droit à la santé et par ricochet du droit à la vie des populations. À rebours des résultats escomptés, ces mesures ont engendré des violations massives des droits de l’homme ou à tout le moins exacerbé les situations de violation déjà existantes.
Effect of Superoxide dismutase on cryopreservation of mithun semen
Authors: Ponraj Perumal , DE A K , VIKRAM R , KHATE K , VUPRU K , KHAN M H , NAHAK A K , MISHRA P C
Published: June 2022

The present study was designed to assess the effect of superoxide dismutase (SOD) on post thaw semen quality parameters (SQPs), kinetic profiles and seminal biochemical profiles in mithun. A total of 25 ejaculates were selected and each was split into four equal aliquots after dilution with Tris-citrate-glycerol (TCG) extender such as Group I: control, Group II, III and IV contained 50, 100 and 150 U/ml of SOD, respectively. Cryopreserved and thawed samples were analysed for their motility parameters (progressive forward and in bovine cervical mucus penetration test [BCMPT]), kinetic and velocity parameters by computer assisted sperm analyser (CASA), viability, sperm morphological and nuclear abnormalities, acrosomal, plasma membrane and nuclear integrities and sperm enzymatic leakage and biochemical (sperm cholesterol and antioxidant and oxidative stress) profiles. Study revealed a significant (p <0.05) enhancement in viability, sperm morphological and nuclear normalities, acrosome integrity, motility (progressive and BCMPT), sperm cholesterol content and reduction in leakage of intracellular enzymes in Group III. Moreover, intactness of acrosome and biochemical membranes were protected significantly (p < 0.05) in addition to significant (p < 0.05) improvement in kinetic and velocity profiles in extender containing 100 U/mL SOD. These results clearly suggest that however the cryopreservation of mithunâ€™s spermatozoa in TCG was comparable with other species and inclusion of 100 U/mL SOD holds a clear advantage over control or 50 or 150 U/mL SOD. It can be concluded that SOD supplementation in semen extender can be effectively utilized to reduce the oxidative stress and improved the antioxidant profiles with cascading beneficial effects on cryopreserved semen quality parameters in mithun.
From the Editor's Desk
Authors: Muniak Charles
Published: June 2022

The Academy Award-nominated movie Don’t Look Up is about a group of astronomers who discover a comet on a collision course with Earth. The scientists determine the impending event will destroy all life on the planet and report this finding to the proper authorities, including the President. Yet most of the authorities and the media remain indifferent to this information.

I have discussed this film with people who work in system safety and risk management, and have found that some are reminded of events that have actually happened. Of course, these actual experiences did not involve events quite as serious as a comet collision with Earth, but they were serious potential events with clear mechanisms of occurrence. The variability of reactions of people to potentially high-risk events is an interesting area of research that I hope International System Safety Society (ISSS) members will pursue in the future.
Formación universitaria en el contexto de la sociedad del conocimiento
Authors: Castillo José , Rodríguez Alma , Araque Juan , Cortés Andrea , Bedoya Ana , Tapia Ermel , Reyes Nayade , Lozada Irina , Romero Eumelia , Céspedes Alexis , Leal Yanet , Martínez Adelsa , Taboada Angel , Fernández Fernando , Morales Marisol , Díaz Kathia , Mina Sonia , Borlot Aysmara , Fernández Laura , Marín Olga , Sabournin Frai , Palacios Jenny , Cedeño María , Rivas Juan , Palma Celia
Published: June 2022

El libro cuyo tema es Formación universitaria intercultural en el contexto de la sociedad del conocimiento, los editores lo han organizado en cuatros secciones a fin de manera sistémica y holística lograr la integración de la teoría y de sus fundamentos epistemológicos que en cada capítulo se esbozan. En su relación integradora se precisan las exigencias del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje que sustenta un proceso innovador, creador del pensamiento, por consiguiente, se plantea el camino de la integración como una nueva opción pedagógica para responder a los problemas de la fragmentación del conocimiento entre las asignaturas en la que es necesario la iniciación musical en la Educación General Básica; por tanto, el trabajo metodológico tiene una concepción integradora; para el desarrollo de la autonomía, reflexión. En esa dinámica constructivista se avizoran nuevas propuestas que permitieran una preparación significativa desde la formación profesional.
ABSORCIÓN DIFERENCIADA DE CADMIO Y SU EFECTO EN LA FISIOLOGÍA DE SEIS GENOTIPOS DE CACAO (Theobroma cacao L.) EN SAN RAMÓN, SELVA CENTRAL DEL PERÚ
Authors: Borjas-Ventura Ricardo , Bello-Medina Noel , Bello-Amez Segundo , Alvarado-Huaman Leonel , Rabaza-Fernandez Diana , Tapia Y Figueroa Lourdes , Castro-Cepero Viviana , Julca-Otiniano Alberto
Published: June 2022

Background. Cacao is an important source of income, especially for small farmers in developing countries. However, its commercialization, and consequently its production, is threatened by the high levels of cadmium (Cd+2) in grains. Objective. This work was carried out with the objective of determining the differentiated uptake of six cacao genotypes in San Ramón, central Peruvian jungle. Methodology. The treatments consisted of the combination of different doses Cd+2 (0, 50, 100 and 150 ppm) with the genotypes CCN-51, ICS-60, ICS-95, POUND-7 and VRAE-99. Results. The results indicate that POUND 7 absorbed a greater amount of Cd+2 concentrated mainly in the root, while CCN-51 concentrated it mainly in the aerial tissues. In VRAE-99, a significant drop in stem height and diameter was observed, especially at the 150 ppm dose. This genotype was shown to be more sensitive to this metal at high doses (150 ppm) and decreased its photosynthetic rate and its efficiency in the use of water, which was confirmed by the increase in the internal carbon content. Implications. In general, it was found that POUND-7 is a promising genotype that can potentially be used as a rootstock because it is capable of accumulating Cd+2 mainly in the roots. Conclusion. Although cacao is considered a Cd+2 accumulator plant, this heavy metal can negatively affect the physiology of the plant as in the case of VRAE-99. Further studies are suggested to better understand how Cd+2 affects cacao physiology.
Öğrenme Amaçlı Yazma Aktivitelerinin 8. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Periyodik Sistem Konusundaki Akademik Başarılarına Etkisi
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Bilge , KAYMAKOĞLU Hacer , DEMİROĞLU ÇİÇEK Sümeyra
Published: June 2022

Bu araştırmada 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin periyodik sistem konusundaki akademik başarılarına öğrenme amaçlı yazma aktivitelerinin etkisinin belirlenmesi ve bu aktivitelere ilişkin öğrenci görüşlerinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Karma araştırma yaklaşımlarından müdahaleli karma araştırma desenine göre planlanan araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Bayburt ili merkez ilçesinde bulunan bir ortaokulun iki farklı sınıfında öğrenim gören 37 sekizinci sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilmiş olan Ön Bilgi Testi (ÖBT), Periyodik Sistem Akademik Başarı Testi (PSABT) ve Görüşme Formu (GF) kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde ÖBT ve PSABT için ilk olarak normallik analizleri yapılmış, sonrasında her iki testin veri dağılımlarının normal dağılım şartını sağlamamasına bağlı olarak, testlere non-parametrik testlerden Mann-Whitney U Testi yapılmıştır. GF’ndan elde edilen verilerin analizinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. PSABT’den elde edilen verilerin analizi sonucunda öğrenme amaçlı yazma aktivitelerinden mektubun 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin periyodik sistem konusundaki akademik başarılarını arttırdığı belirlenmiştir. GF’den elde edilen verilerin analizinden öğrencilerin öğrenme amaçlı yazma aktivitelerine yönelik görüşlerinin olumlu olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Pelaksanaan Kerja Sub Bagian Program Dan Keuangan Sekretariat Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Kabupaten Gunung Mas
Authors: Herlina Herlina , Radarmas Radarmas
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan Pelaksanaan Sub Bagian Program dan Keuangan Sekretariat DPRD Kabupaten Gunung Mas. Menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan faktor-faktor yang mendukung dan menghambat pelaksanaan Sub Bagian Program dan Keuangan Sekretariat DPRD Kabupaten Gunung Mas. Populasi dalam sampel penelitian ini adalah Sekretaris DPRD, Kepala Bagian Umum, Kepala Subbagian Program dan Keuangan di Sekretariat DPRD Kabupaten Gunung Mas, serta wawancara dengan Ketua PDIP Praksi, Ketua Kelompok Kerja Praksi, Ketua Praksi Demokrat. Populasi dalam sampel penelitian ini adalah Sekretaris DPRD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan kerja Subbagian Program dan Keuangan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah (DPRD) Kabupaten Gunung Mas, adalah Sekretariat Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah (DPRD) dalam menjalankan tugas dan fungsinya. dipimpin oleh Sekretaris DPRD. Secara teknis Sekretaris DPRD secara operasional berada di bawah dan bertanggung jawab kepada pimpinan DPRD, sedangkan secara administratif dalam melaksanakan tugasnya Sekretaris Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah (DPRD) bertanggung jawab kepada Bupati melalui Sekretaris Daerah (Sekda) Kabupaten Gunung Mas. .umum, yaitu ketersediaan sumber daya aparatur; adanya program kerja dan mekanisme kerja yang terukur; adanya kewenangan dalam memberikan pelayanan; adanya kerjasama dan dedikasi serta disiplin kerja pegawai yang baik; adanya dukungan pimpinan dalam menjalankan fungsi bagian dan subbagian; serta koordinasi yang baik antar Bagian dan Subbagian di Sekretariat DPRD Kabupaten Gunung Mas.
Kepempinan Kepala Desa Dalam Meningkatkan Infrastruktur di Desa Kinipan Kecamatan Batang Kawa Kabupaten Lamandau
Authors: Januarita Kristi
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini berlokasi di desa Kinipan Kecamatan Batang Kawa Kabupaten Lamandau. Adapun penelitian ini di lakukan agar mengetahui bagaimana kepemimpinan Kepala Desa dalam meningkatkan infrastruktur. Seperti yang kita ketahui bersama pembangunan Infrastruktur sangat penting diperhatikan karna pembangunan infrastruktur yang memadai merupakan pondasi awal bagi kesejahteraan masyarakat. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kepala Desa sudah melaksanakan perannya dengan sangat baik. Infrastruktur yang sebagaimana diharapkan oleh masyarakat sedikit banyaknya sudah terlaksana. Faktor penghambat dalam Kepala Desa meningkatkan atau memperbaiki infrastruktur di desa kinipan terdiri dari partisipasi dari masyarakat itu sendiri harus lebih ditingkatkan, karna keikutsertaan masyarakat dalam pembangunan sangat penting agar pebangunan dapat berjalan dengan optimal. Fenomena yang terjadi masih banyak masyarakat yang tidak mau terlibat dalam pembangunan ini,Sehingga pelaksanaan pembangunan atau pemeliharaan kurang maksimal.
Semeando saúde
Authors: Monteiro Gabriel Brito de Moura , Pessoa Bruno Henrique Soares
Published: June 2022

Problema: Atualmente, o paradigma da produção de saúde é prodigalizado por uma miríade de interesses mercantis galanteadores do modelo biomédico, que supervaloriza o conhecimento científico moderno. Mesmo que seja desprestigiado pela soberania científica, cerca de 70% do uso popular das plantas medicinais é confirmado cientificamente, e esses saberes não institucionais são frequentes nas práticas cotidianas. Segundo dados da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), 80% da população de países em desenvolvimento utiliza-se de práticas tradicionais na atenção primária à saúde e, desse total, 85% fazem uso de plantas medicinais. No Brasil, 82% dos brasileiros usam produtos à base de plantas medicinais para cuidar da saúde. Perante este descompasso, a atenção primária à saúde destaca-se como espaço estratégico para adubar o terreno das práticas fitoterápicas. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, qualitativo, do tipo relato de experiência, sobre o desenvolvimento de um jardim medicinal localizado numa Unidade de Saúde da Família do município de Recife, Pernambuco. Utilizou-se um registro sistemático das atividades por meio da confecção de um diário de campo com registro fotográfico, complementado por levantamento bibliográfico e pesquisa documental. Resultados: O projeto perpassou pelas etapas informacional, estrutural e de plantio, constelando vários saberes com base no espírito da multiprofissionalidade e da participação comunitária. Ao fim, os esforços culminaram na efetivação de um jardim medicinal, propiciando um espaço para a troca de conhecimentos e experiências. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a estruturação de um jardim medicinal no âmbito da atenção primária à saúde conclama um prodigioso potencial no fortalecimento dos princípios que norteiam esse nível de atenção, reposicionando o usuário no centro do modelo de cuidado e ampliando as opções terapêuticas eficazes e de baixo custo.
Efficacy of combination of endo-xylanase and xylan-debranching enzymes in improving cereal bran utilization in piglet diet
Authors: Wang Weiwei , Zheng Dawen , Zhang Zhenzhen , Ye Hui , Cao Qingyun , Zhang Changming , Dong Zemin , Feng Dingyuan , Zuo Jianjun
Published: June 2022

Objective: This study was aimed to explore the efficacy of combination of endo-xylanase (Xyn) and xylan-debranching enzymes (arabinofuranosidase, Afd and feruloyl esterase, FE) in improving utilization of bran in piglet diet.Methods: In vitro experiments were firstly conducted to examine the enzymological properties of Xyn, Afd, and FE, concurrent with their effect on degradation of arabinoxylan (Abx) in bran. In vivo experiment was then implemented by allocating two hundred and seventy 35-d-old postweaning piglets into 3 groups (6 replicates/group), which received bran-containing diet supplemented with Xyn (1,600 U/kg) or its combination with Afd (0.8 U/kg) and FE (4 U/kg) or without enzyme.Results: Both Xyn, Afd, and FE are relatively stable against the changes in temperature and pH value. Combining Xyn with Afd and FE had a superiority (p<0.05) over Xyn alone and its combination with Afd or FE in promoting (p<0.05) degradation of Abx in different brans. Combined treatment with Xyn, Afd, and FE was more beneficial than Xyn alone to induce increasing trends (p<0.10) of average daily gain, final body weight and feed efficiency of piglets fed bran-containing diet. Moreover, combination of Xyn, Afd, and FE showed advantages (p<0.05) over Xyn alone in causing reductions (p<0.05) in diarrhea rate and cecal pH value, concurrent with increases (p<0.05) in cecal and colonic acetic acid and total volatile fatty acid concentrations, as well as cecal butyric acid concentration of piglets fed bran-containing diet.Conclusion: Combining Xyn with Afd and FE was more beneficial than Xyn alone in promoting degradation of Abx in bran, along with growth performance and intestinal volatile fatty acid profile of piglets received bran-containing diet. Thereby, combination of Xyn, Afd, and FE had a superior efficacy relative to Xyn alone in improving application of cereal bran in piglet diet.
12-Oxoeicosatetraenoic acid, a candidate signal for placenta separation, activates matrix metalloproteinase and induces apoptosis in bovine trophoblast cells
Authors: Kamada Hachiro
Published: June 2022

Objective: 12-oxo-5Z,8Z,10E,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid (12-KETE), a metabolite of arachidonic acid, is a strong candidate signal for placenta separation following calf discharge at delivery. In the present study, the effects of 12-KETE on bovine trophoblast cells were investigated to determine its function in the placentome at delivery.Methods: Bovine trophoblast cells derived from blastocysts were used. They were cocultured with or without fibroblasts derived from bovine placentome and/or bovine uterine epithelial cells. 12-KETE was added to the culture medium.Results: Bovine trophoblast cells contained binucleate cells and strongly expressed caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX-2) genes. Addition of 12-KETE to the trophoblast cell colony without feeder cells or that on a fibroblast monolayer induced rapid exfoliation of the colony. After 12-KETE addition, trophoblast cells emitted strong fluorescence caused by the degradation of dye-quenched collagen, indicating that 12-KETE activated matrix metalloproteinase of the trophoblast cells. Exfoliated cell colonies were stained with YOPRO-1, but not propidium iodide (PI). Moreover, DNA fragmentation and Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) gene (apoptosis stimulator) upregulation were observed in exfoliated cells, indicating that 12-KETE induced trophoblast cell apoptosis. These results were consistent with previous in vivo observations; however, even a lower concentration of 12-KETE activated trophoblast protease. Meanwhile, fibroblasts derived from the bovine placentome converted arachidonic acid to 12-KETE.Conclusion: These observations indicate that 12-KETE may serve as a signal for placenta separation at delivery.
Dairy cow and calf behavior and productivity when maintained together on a pasture-based system
Authors: Mac Sarah E. , Lomax Sabrina , Clark Cameron E. F.
Published: June 2022

Objective: We determined the impact of maintaining pasture-based dairy cows and calves together over 100 days on cow milk production, cow and calf behavior, and calf liveweight and carcass quality.Methods: Six Holstein-Friesian cows and their male calves were monitored for 106±8.6 days. Cows were temporarily separated twice a day for milking with calves remaining in the paddock. Cow and calf behaviors were recorded via scan sampling at 6 different timepoints, for the first 7 days and twice a week thereafter. Calves were weighed weekly and immediately processed for meat quality and rumen development analysis at 106±8.6 days. Daily cow milk yields were collected from enrollment until 109±8.6 days (3 days post-weaning).Results: The average daily gain of calves was 1.4±0.73 kg/d, with an average carcass dressing percentage of 59%. Calves had the greatest frequency of observed close proximity to cow and suckling in the first two weeks and decreased with experiment duration. During separation for milking, cow vocalizations and attempts to return to their calf decreased over time. Reticulorumen weight was on target for calf age, but as a proportion of total stomach weight was lower than industry averages of calves the same age due to the larger abomasum. Cows produced an average of 12±7.6 kg of milk yield per day over the 3-days before the calves were weaned and increased to mean of 31±8.3 kg/d the 3 days after weaning, indicating a consumption of close to 20 kg per calf per day.Conclusion: The impact of a pasture-based cow-calf rearing system on cow and calf behavior and the potential for high levels of calf liveweight gain when provided ad-libitum milk and feed were determined. Further research is required to determine the practicality of replicating such systems with large herds and impact on reared calves post-weaning.