bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERJANJIAN SEWA MENYEWA MOBIL YANG MENIMBULKAN WANPRESTASI DI KABUPATEN BANTUL
Authors: Fadilah Fredi Ahmad , Heriyani Endang
Published: April 2021

Perjanjian sewa menyewa pada perusahaan persewaan mobil sering terjadi wanprestasi.  Tujuan dalam penelitian, yaitu  mengetahui wanprestasi dan bentuk penyelesaian apabila terjadi wanprestasi pada perusahaan persewaan mobil yaitu CV. GH Tour and Travel, CV. Cahya Tour, dan CV. Mae Trans. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif-empiris. Teknik Pengumpulan Data menggunakan Metode Interview atau wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik Analisis Data menggunakan teknik kualitatif, penelitian ini menggunakan metode silogisme dan interpretasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Perjanjian Sewa Menyewa Mobil Yang Menimbulkan Wanprestasi di Kabupaten Bantul yaitu Penyewa merusak objek sewa. Penyelesaiannya dilakukan dengan cara meminta uang ganti sewa atas biaya servis kendaraan selama berada dalam masa perbaikan. Penyewa terlambat mengembalikan objek kendaraan. Penyelesaiannya dilakukan dengan cara memberikan biaya denda kepada pihak penyewa, perhitungan untuk keterlambatan dihitung  setiap  jamnya dan besarnya denda adalah 10% dari harga sewa mobil yang disewa. Penyewa menyewakan ulang obyek kendaraan. Penyelesaiannya  dilakukan dengan meminta biaya kerugian dan meminta uang hasil dari penyewa yang mengulang sewakan obyek sewa kepada pihak ketiga
PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA KONSUMEN DAN PELAKU USAHA DALAM TRANSAKSI E-COMMERCE MELALUI SISTEM CASH ON DELIVERY
Authors: Silviasari Silviasari
Published: April 2021

Cash On Delivery (COD) jika diartikan adalah berarti membayar barang pada saat barang dikirimkan. Transaksi dengan sistem Cash On Delivery (COD) dilakukan pada saat konsumen dan penjual bertemu secara langsung di suatu tempat yang telah disepakati sebelumnya, sehingga pembeli mendapatkan keuntungan karena barang yang dipesan bisa diperiksa terlebih dahulu sebelum melakukan pembayaran. Kenyataan terjadi beberapa kasus yang menimbulkan kerugian yang dirasakan oleh pihak penjual dalam sebuah transaksi jual-beli dengan sistem cash on delivery (COD), antara lain : barang yang dikirim sesuai dengan pesanan dan pembeli tidak tanggung jawab dalam pembayaran melalui Cash On Delivery (COD) karena pembeli tidak dapat dihubungi atau tidak jujur dalam memberikan informasi tentang alamat pembeli, karena adanya wanprestasi dan penjual menanggung biaya pengiriman tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen dan pelaku usaha dalam jual beli secara cash on delivery dan mengetahui bagaimana penyelesaian sengketa dalam transaksi jual beli secara cash on delivery dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen, Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (ITE), Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2014. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normative. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah perlindungan hukum konsumen dan pelaku usaha serta bagaimana penyelesaian sengketa dalam transaksi jual beli secara cash on delivery berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen, Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (ITE), Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2014.
La Huelga de los 100 días. Conflictividad laboral en los frigoríficos argentinos a comienzos de la década de 1960
Authors: Vogelmann Verónica
Published: April 2021

El artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la conflictividad laboral desarrollada en los frigoríficos argentinos a comienzos de la década de los sesenta. Se aborda el proceso de lucha de alcance nacional iniciado con la llamada “Huelga de los 100 días”, focalizando el abordaje en las características que el conflicto adquirió en la región sur del Gran Rosario, provincia de Santa Fe. Son retomadas fuentes de diverso origen (prensa sindical, partidaria, documentación estatal, archivos privados y prensa nacional y local). Se concluye afirmando que, a pesar de la derrota sufrida por los trabajadores y el deterioro en las condiciones laborales impuesto, surgió un nuevo activismo gremial con una significativa presencia en el interior de los espacios laborales. El estudio realizado contribuye a la construcción de conocimiento de los procesos de lucha, las transformaciones en los procesos de trabajo y las formas de organización gremial de los trabajadores.
Role of microRNA-25 in high glucose cultured Müller glia
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China, Liu Yu , Yuan Song-Tao ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China, Liu Qing-Huai ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
Published: April 2021

AIM: To investigate the role of microRNA-25 (miR-25) in proliferation and apoptosis of retinal Müller glia (MG) under high glucose condition.
METHODS: The purity of the cultured cells was verified by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry using antibodies that specifically recognized MG. The expression level of miR-25 under normal and high glucose conditions were validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). miR-25 mimics and negative control were transfected into MG and multiple functional experiments including cell counting kit-8 assay, EDU assay, and flow cytometry were conducted to explore the effects of miR-25 on the proliferation and apoptosis of high glucose cultured MG (HGMG).
RESULTS: Immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry confirmed the high purity of primary cultured MG. RT-PCR results showed that the expression level of miR-25 was significantly repressed in HGMG, while over-expression of miR-25 by miR-25 mimic markedly inhibited the high glucose induced cell apoptosis and promoted the proliferation of MG.
CONCLUSION: The expression level of miR-25 is significantly downregulated in HGMG and its overexpression could attenuate the high glucose damages on MG by promoting proliferation and reducing apoptosis.
Optimizing the intraocular lens formula constant according to intraocular lens diameter
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, LE1 5WW, UK, El-Khayat Abdul R
Published: April 2021

AIM: To determine whether the different diameters of a specific intraocular lens (IOL) have significantly different optimized SRK/T A constants and whether these new A constants can improve refractive outcomes.
METHODS: Data were collected prospectively from Jan. 2011 to Dec. 2012 on all patients undergoing routine cataract surgery at a district general hospital in the UK. Patients were divided into three groups according to the size of the Akreos AO MI60 IOL used. A constants for the SRK/T formula were optimized according to the size of the IOL. These optimized A constants were then used to select future refractive outcomes.
RESULTS: A total of 2398 cataract operations were performed during the study period of which 1131 met the inclusion criteria. The three optimized A constants for the different sized IOLs were 118.98, 119.13, 119.32. The difference between them was highly significant (P≤0.0001). Two optimized A constants for three sizes of IOL led to an improvement in refractive outcomes (from 93.4% to 94.6% of refractive outcomes within 1.00 D of predicted spherical equivalent). The optimized A constant for the largest IOL was based on a small number of cases and was not used.
CONCLUSION: Optimizing the A constant for the three distinct sizes of the Bausch & Lomb Akreos MI60 lens lead to three significantly different A constants. In our practice, using two different optimized A constants for three different sized IOLs give the least refractive error, however, using three optimized A constants may give better results with a larger dataset.
Comprehensive evaluation of intravitreal conbercept versus half-dose photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors:   Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Mao Jian-Bo , Liu Chen-Yi ,   Chicago College of Optometry, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA, Zhang Yun ,   Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Lin Jing-Jing ,   Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Xu Zhao-Kai ,   Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Chen Yi-Qi ,   Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Fan Yuan-Yuan ,   Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Zhao Shi-Xin ,   Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China, Shen Li-Jun ,   Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China
Published: April 2021

AIM: To compare the safety and efficacy of conbercept intravitreal injection and half-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treating chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).
METHODS: This study was retrospective. Thirty-seven patients (37 eyes) with chronic CSC received conbercept injections while 57 patients (57 eyes) were treated with half-dose PDT. All subjects were followed in 6mo. Outcome measures included change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), and resolution of subretinal fluid (SRF).
RESULTS: There was no adverse event observed in either treatment group. At the 6-month follow-up, 26 eyes (70.3%) in the conbercept group and 54 eyes (94.7%) in the half-dose PDT group (P<0.05) reached full resolution of SRF. The mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) BCVA significantly improved (P<0.001) in both treatment groups with better outcome at early phase in the half-dose PDT group (2wk, 1, and 2mo, P<0.05). All subjects experienced significant CMT improvement (P<0.001) with no statistical difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The SFCT also improved in all subjects (P<0.001) with better outcome in the half-dose PDT group (P<0.05).
CONCLUSION: Both intravitreal conbercept and half-dose PDT are safe to use in treating chronic CSC. By 6mo, both treatment groups are efficacious in improving BCVA, reducing CMT and SFCT, and resolving SRF in eyes with chronic CSC. Half-dose PDT may show better outcome at initial phase of treatment in chronic CSC. Longer follow-up period is necessary to study for long-term effect and safety.
Via pars plana anterior iris enclavation IOL fixation
Authors:   Department of Surgical and Translational Medicine, Eye Clinic, University of Florence, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Florence 50139, Italy, Caporossi Tomaso , Albani Giancarlo ,   Department of Surgical and Translational Medicine, Eye Clinic, University of Florence, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Florence 50139, Italy, Barca Francesco ,   Department of Surgical and Translational Medicine, Eye Clinic, University of Florence, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Florence 50139, Italy, Giansanti Fabrizio ,   Department of Surgical and Translational Medicine, Eye Clinic, University of Florence, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Florence 50139, Italy, Rizzo Stanislao ,   Department of Surgical and Translational Medicine, Eye Clinic, University of Florence, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Florence 50139, Italy; Department of Ophthalmology, Catholic University of Sacred-Heart Foundation “Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
Published: April 2021

AIM: To describe a via pars plana anterior iris enclavation intraocular lens (IOL) fixation technique
METHODS: A total of 35 consecutive aphakic vitrectomised patients (average age 71.12±10.12y) underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and via pars plana anterior iris enclavation IOL fixation.
RESULTS: The mean preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.11±0.14 logMAR, the mean postoperative BCVA was 0.07±0.11 logMAR. The preoperative mean spherical equivalent was 7.22±4.21 D. The final mean spherical equivalent was -0.25±0.15 D. No eyes had hypotony, retinal or choroidal detachment or endophthalmitis.
CONCLUSION: This technique may be a safe and useful in the case of aphakia, and a prospective study would be useful to confirm this findings.
Validez y confiabilidad del Índice de Capacidad para el Trabajo en trabajadores del primer nivel de atención de salud en Argentina
Authors: Peralta Norma , Godoi Vasconcelos Ana Glória , Härter Griep Rosane , Miller Leticia
Published: April 2021

Este estudio evalúa la validez y confiabilidad del Índice de Capacidad para el Trabajo (ICT) en Argentina. El instrumento se aplicó a 100 trabajadores, agentes de Atención Primaria de la Salud del Partido de General Pueyrredón. En la validez del constructo se investigó la estructura dimensional por medio de análisis factorial exploratorio, a partir de una matriz policórica y un análisis paralelo para la obtención del número de factores. En la validación correlacional se estimó la correlación de Spearman entre el ICT y las dimensiones del Cuestionario de Salud SF-36. La evaluación de confiabilidad se midió a través del estimador Alfa de Cronbach. El resultado de la consistencia interna de la escala fue 0,80, indicando una fiabilidad aceptable. La puntuación de ICT arrojó como resultado: moderado 12%, bueno 50% y óptimo 38%. En el proceso de validación se identificó una estructura de tres dimensiones que explica el 66% de la variación total de los datos a través de los componentes principales. Los supuestos teóricos de la validez del constructo confirmaron la correlación directa y significativa con las puntuaciones del ICT y las dimensiones de evaluación del estado de salud, siendo el mayor valor función física (0,478) y menor la dimensión dolor (-0,218). Se concluyó que el ICT, traducido y adaptado al español, mostró propiedades psicométricas adecuadas pudiendo ser utilizada en estudios de asociación entre aspectos de trabajo y su impacto en la salud.
Internações por gravidez, parto e puerpério no estado de Sergipe
Authors: Cardoso Luana Da Conceição Costa , Santos Britto Suellen Stefhane , Silveira Passos Taciana
Published: April 2021

Este é um estudo ecológico, descritivo, quantitativo, realizado em 2019, com dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde, com o objetivo de caracterizar o perfil das internações hospitalares por faixa etária nos casos de gravidez, parto e puerpério em Sergipe no período de 2013 a 2018. As internações representaram 33% de todas as hospitalizações no estado, com custo médio R$ 545,00, em mulheres entre 20 e 39 anos (48,6%), brancas (59,8%), caráter de urgência (99,6%), e destes mais da metade em regime de internação ignorado (52,88%). No caso de gravidez em adolescentes as internações foram expressivas (22,3%). Por sua vez, houve projeção de declínio nas faixas etárias mais jovens e crescimento em grupos etários adultos (p<0,05). Os dados deste estudo podem nortear políticas públicas e estratégias de saúde, principalmente na prevenção de gravidez na adolescência.
Saúde mental em estudantes universitários durante a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Teodoro Maycoln Leôni Martins , Alvares-Teodoro Juliana , Peixoto Camila Batista , Pereira Elder Gomes , Diniz Marina Luiza Nunes , De Freitas Sabrina Kelly Pessoa , Ribeiro Pricila Cristina Correa , Gomes Cristiano Mauro Assis , Mansur-Alves Marcela
Published: April 2021

Este é um estudo transversal, realizado no início de 2020, que teve como objetivo investigar a saúde mental (ansiedade, depressão e estresse) em estudantes universitários durante o estágio inicial da quarentena no Brasil. Os participantes responderam uma pesquisa online sobre a percepção da COVID-19, quarentena, traços de personalidade, ideação suicida e saúde mental (Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse). Os dados foram analisados pelo algoritmo CART. Participaram 1957 estudantes (1418 mulheres, 72,30%) com idade entre 18 e 40 anos (Média = 26,40; DP = 5,58). Pontuações de saúde mental mais baixas foram associadas a um pior impacto do COVID-19 na vida do entrevistado, maior neuroticismo e maior ideação suicida, com 48,43% de variância explicada na amostra de treinamento. Esses achados mostram que a saúde mental de estudantes universitários pode estar relacionada à interação de vários fatores anteriores à pandemia, bem como da COVID-19.
Desarrollo histórico del español. Oralidad, lectura y escritura en las transformaciones de la lengua, la cultura y los sujetos
Authors: Montoya Marín Juan Eliseo
Published: April 2021

En 2017 se creó la colección Lingua Nostra: conocimiento y posibilidades del español, como una manera de aportar al conocimiento y al estudio de nuestra lengua, así como de apoyar a estudiantes y profesores de lengua española, literatura, redacción, comunicación, entre otros, en cuanto a los desarrollos concomitantes con la lengua y necesarios para la vida cotidiana y profesional, principalmente si se trata de la docencia, y, por supuesto, de la vida académica. Esta iniciativa surge precisamente de los hallazgos de varios proyectos de investigación asociados a la lectura, la escritura y la investigación, ejecutados entre 2013 y 2016, los cuales indicaron algo aparentemente sabido: el conocimiento de la lengua es fundamental para el desempeño académico y para la comunicación de los informes de investigación, entre otros aspectos relevantes del desarrollo del lenguaje de una persona; es frecuente que la falta de claridad, concisión, precisión, cohesión, coherencia y demás condiciones
OXIDE CONTINUOUS FIBERS AS A PART OF FLEXIBLE HIGH TEMPERATURE INSULATION
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Babachov V.G. , Stepanova E.V. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Zimichev A.M. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Basargin O.V. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: April 2021

This work is devoted to the production of flexible continuous ceramic fibers based on refractory aluminum and silicon oxides using the Sol-gel method. The processes of transition of water-soluble components of the precursor solution to the oxide form during primary firing of gelified fibers are studied. Structural and phase transformations in fibers under high-temperature heating are examined. The sequence of phase transitions from the amorphous state to the crystal stable phase of α-Al2O3 is shown. The dependence of the mechanical properties of oxide fiber samples on the firing temperature is studied. The conditions for obtaining flexible fibers for textile processing into thrown-twisted heat-resistant yarns are determined. A batch of yarns has been made with additional introduction of organic yarns to protect oxide fibers. The article shows the possibility of manufacturing flexible high-temperature insulation from oxide fibers in the form of a braid for sealing cords and current conductors.
RARE-EARTH RE–TM–B MICROMAGNETS ENGINEERING (review)
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Korolev D.V. , Piskorskii V.P. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Valeev R.A. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Bakradze M.M. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Dvoretskaya E.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science «Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics» of Russian Academy of Sciences, Koplak O.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science «Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics» of Russian Academy of Sciences, Morgunov R.B. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: April 2021

The paper gives an analytical review of existing technologies of production and application of micron-sized rare-earth magnets of the RE–TM–B group (microparticles, microwires, films). The specificity of their magnetic properties, which appears at the micron scale, is considered. The analytical comparison of the methods for preparing micromagnets has been carried out. Possible practical applications of micromagnets and their application in various fields of modern technology are systematized. Possible directions of development of micromagnetic technologies are discussed.
TESTS FOR FATIGUE OF METAL MATERIALS (review) Part 2. Analysis of the Basquin–Manson–Coffin equation. Methods of testing and processing of results
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Erasov V.S. , Oreshko E.I. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: April 2021

A review of test methods is carried out and results of fatigue tests of metal materials are presented. The analysis of the Basquin–Manson–Coffin equation is presented. Deformation fatigue curves for several brands of metal materials are constructed. The method of program loading (Rε=-1) with step-by-step increase of sample deformation and creation of a surface in 3D-space with coordinates «lgN–σ–ε» and the generalized chart of cyclic deformation is proposed.
A Pilot Evaluation of the STOP Intimate Partner Violence Intervention Program
Authors: Wong Jennifer S. , Bouchard Jessica
Published: April 2021

This pilot study examines the impacts of a 12-week community-based intimate partner violence intervention program delivered in British Columbia, Canada. The Stop Taking it Out on your Partner (STOP) program targets males who have engaged in abusive behaviors toward their intimate partners; most are voluntary participants. The STOP program was evaluated in three sites across the province (once program per cycle), with a total of 39 enrollees. Thirty-seven men completed the pretest survey; analyses focus on the 22 participants who completed pretest and posttest questions regarding knowledge and skills learned, and the 15 participants who completed the Abusive Behavior Inventory (Shepard & Campbell, 1992) regarding psychologically and physically abusive behaviors. Results suggest that participation in STOP contributed to significant decreases in both physical and psychological abuse. Further, program participants increased in their use of cognitive behavioral strategies to avoid violence. Implications for intimate partner violence intervention and future research are discussed.
The Effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-Based Psychoeducation Program on University Students’ Meaning of Life Levels
Authors: DEMİRCİ SEYREK Özgür , ERSANLI Kurtman
Published: April 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy-based psychoeducation program on university students’ meaning of life levels. Solomon Four Groups Model was used in the study. Within the context of this model, two experimental groups and two control groups, each including 9 members, were formed. Experimental groups received acceptance and commitment therapy-based psychoeducation program for 8 sessions while control groups received no specific treatment. In accordance with Solomon Four Groups Experimental Model, one experimental and one control group took a pretest. However, the remaining groups did not attend such a test. All groups took a post test. Observation was applied on all of the groups two months after the end of the sessions. Statistical analyses revealed that search of meaning levels of the experimental groups decreased significantly while their presence of meaning levels increased significantly. It was concluded that the psychoeducation program developed based on the therapy resulted in an increase in presence of meaning, and a decrease in the level of search of meaning. In brief, the findings were discussed in the light of the relevant literature and suggestions based on the results of the research were presented.
Promoting Positive Mental Health in International Postgraduate Law Students at a Time of Global Uncertainty: A Case Study from qLegal at Queen Mary, University of London
Authors: Wapples Emily
Published: April 2021

Law student mental health and wellbeing was already a growing concern in the UK prior to COVID-19, but when the pandemic occurred, widespread uncertainty placed an unprecedented level of mental health burden on students. Law students were faced with dashed hopes, uncertain futures and the fear of negative academic consequences. This burden was exacerbated in respect of postgraduate international students in London, who were often also forced to decide whether to return home to their families, or to continue their studies abroad, albeit online.

This paper uses a case study approach to discuss how one provider of postgraduate clinical legal education (CLE), approached the promotion of positive student mental health both before, and in response to, the pandemic. qLegal at Queen Mary, University of London provides CLE to postgraduates studying for a one year law masters, and in 2019-2020, qLegal delivered CLE to 134 students from 27 countries. The impact that the pandemic had on the mental health of international postgraduate law students was therefore witnessed first-hand.

This paper discusses the challenges faced, and concerns raised by international postgraduate law students at qLegal as a result of the pandemic. It examines the steps taken by qLegal to maximise student engagement and promote positive student mental health when rapidly switching to a model of online delivery. The paper concludes by outlining the steps qLegal will take to monitor and address the impact that online delivery in this period of global uncertainty has on the mental health of the next cohort of postgraduate CLE students.
Aquatic plants of Croatia: Data derived from the ZA herbarium collection
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Zagreb, Croatia, Zeko Antonija , Šegota Vedran ,   ZA & ZAHO herbarium collections, Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20/II, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Vilović Tihana ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Schrottova 39, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Koletić Nikola ,   Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20/II, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Alegro Antun ,   Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20/II, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Published: April 2021

As many as 963 herbarium sheets featuring 76 aquatic plant taxa from the ZA collection were digitised and published online through the Virtual Herbarium. Aquatic plants have been collected over a period of 176 years, with three peaks (second decade of the 20th century, in the 1940s and 1950s, and in the current decade). Most of the specimens were collected in Croatia and a smaller number in neighbouring and geographically close countries. The importance of the collection is expressed through the specimens of many rare and threatened species, because it represents the only evidence of their presence in Croatia (the regionally extinct Caldessia parnassifolia, as well as Luronium natans, Callitriche platycarpa, C. truncata, C. hermaphroditica, Potamogeton alpinus, P. compressus, P. polygonifolius, Nuphar × spenneriana and Sparganium minimum). The collection in ZA is a valuable source of data about the historical and recent distribution of aquatic plants that constitute a foundation for the estimation of distribution changes, threat assessment and conservation policies.
How well does NATURA 2000 protect threatened stone crayfish in Croatia?
Authors:   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Rooseveltov trg 6, Zagreb, Croatia, Lovrenčić Leona , Temunović Martina ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Svetošimunska cesta 25, Zagreb, Croatia, Maguire Ivana ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Rooseveltov trg 6, Zagreb, Croatia
Published: April 2021

The stone crayfish Austropotamobius torrentium (Schrank, 1803) is a threatened native European freshwater crayfish species for which Natura 2000 network represents the most important conservation effort at the European level. In Croatia, there are altogether 25 Natura 2000 sites defined specifically for this species. In the present study, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of Natura 2000 sites in preserving stone crayfish diversity through gap analysis, a GIS-based approach that overlays species distribution data on a map of designated Natura 2000 sites. Our results showed that the existing Natura 2000 network in Croatia encompasses most of the areas with a high diversity of A. torrentium; currently designated sites harbour 73.3% of recorded A. torrentium populations. Future conservation planning efforts, and possible expansion of Natura 2000, should be focused on newly discovered A. torrentium populations that present divergent evolutionary lineages.
Rediscovery of the terrestrial green alga Trentepohlia aurea (Linnaeus) C. Martius (Chlorophyta) in Croatia after 130 years
Authors:   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Division of Biology, Department of Botany, Marulićev trg 20/II, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Koletić Nikola , Alegro Antun ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Division of Biology, Department of Botany, Marulićev trg 20/II, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Vuković Nina ,   Herbarium ZA & ZAHO, Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20/II, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Rimac Anja ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Division of Biology, Department of Botany, Marulićev trg 20/II, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Šegota Vedran ,   Herbarium ZA & ZAHO, Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20/II, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Published: April 2021

The first record of the terrestrial green alga Trentepohlia aurea for Croatia was made in 1890 in the area of the Krka River, and has remained until this day the only record of this globally widespread species in the country. During studies related to aquatic vegetation, the species was finally rediscovered from the area of Plitvice Lakes, in the Gorski kotar region and near Vukova Gorica village, after 130 years during which no records were made. All recorded populations formed round, woolly, orange-red patches on the surface of rocks and concrete walls, partly forming a community with bryophytes and lichens. In some cases in these mixed communities, Trentepohlia thalli overgrew bryophytes blocking their access to nutrients, water and light. This long period of lack of records of T. aurea in Croatia is mostly a consequence of the discontinuity in research on certain algal groups in Croatia.
Selection of adhesive systems in treatment of tooth root caries (literature review)
Authors: Romanenko I. G. , Chepurova N. I. , Zueva A. S.
Published: April 2021

Adhesive dentistry is the foundation on the basis of which there have been global changes in the concept of adhesion of composite materials in therapeutic dentistry, protocols for fixing ceramic restorations in orthopedic dentistry. But a number of unsolved problems remained – the adhesion of composite materials to sclerosed dentin and tooth root cement, the sensitivity of the components of the adhesive systems to the wet environment of the oral cavity and spatial stability in the presence of dentinal fluid moving centrifugally in the dentinal tubules, the lack of restoration of periodontal attachment to the defect that occurs during tooth root caries. The review analyzes the results of studies on the use of self-etching adhesive systems in the treatment of root caries. The physician's ability to choose an adhesive system in a particular clinical case demonstrates his fundamental knowledge and minimizes the percentage of errors that he can make during the treatment phase.
Carta dos Editores
Authors: Sacramento Jonatan , Tresoldi Maria Caroline Marmerolli , Paniz Flávia Xavier Merlotti , Pismel Adriana Cattai , Melo Junior Sydnei Ulisses
Published: April 2021

Novos ares sopram na revista temáticas! A edição de número 52 da revista de pós-graduandos em ciências sociais do IFCH – UNICAMP traz consigo não apenas um novo dossiê, brindando a tradição do periódico; como também, a marca de uma nova gestão editorial, voluntária e coletiva, que angaria esforços desde o primeiro semestre de 2017.
Efficacy and Side Effects of Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser for Acne Scars, Keloids, and Striae Albae in the Dermatovenereology Clinic of Tertiary Hospital: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Pramitha Riezky Januar , Zulkarnain Iskandar , Ervianti Evy , Rahmadewi Rahmadewi , Hidayati Afif Nurul , Budiono Budiono , Indramaya Diah Mira , Setyaningrum Trisniartami , Citrashanty Irmadita , Sari Maylita , Umborowati Menul Ayu , Kusumaputra Bagus Haryo , Listiawan Muhammad Yulianto
Published: April 2021

Background: Fractional Carbon Dioxide (CO2) LASER has better efficacy compared to conventional LASER in treating scar tissue such as acne scars, keloids, and striae albae. However, a population with darker skin has a higher risk of side effects, especially in post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and side effects of fractional CO2 LASER in new patients with acne scars, keloids, and striae albae in the Dermatovenereology outpatient clinic. Methods: Retrospective analysis was done on 42 medical records of patients who met the inclusion criterion, which was those who have undergone fractional CO2 LASER treatments. The efficacy and side effects of the therapy were identified and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17 program. Result: A total of 42.9% of patients underwent fractional CO2 LASER treatments for acne scars, while 31% and 26.1% of patients received treatments for keloids and striae albae, respectively. There was a statistically significant decrease in the degree of acne scar (2.72 ± 0.83), keloid height (2.2 ± 0.405), and striae width (0.39 ± 0.02). The statistically significant side effects were hyperpigmentation (59.5%), crustae (26.2%), erythema ≥ for 4 days (19%), and new acne (19%). Conclusion: Fractional CO2 LASER was effective for treating scar tissue (acne scars, keloids, and striae albae) with a higher incidence of side effects in population with darker skin and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
Body Mass Index, Waist-Hip Ratio and Fasting Blood Glucose Levels amongst the University Students
Authors: Oktariza Rury Tiara , Kalanjati Viskasari Pintoko , Tirthaningsih Ni Wajan
Published: April 2021

Overweight and obesity have been correlated to the higher risk for developing metabolic diseases in later life, i.e. DM type 2. We study the body mass index (BMI), the waist to hip ratio (WHR) and the fasting blood glucose levels (FBG) in the seemingly healthy male and female university students to comprehend these variables amongst the youth in Indonesia in 2019. The BMI and WHR of 150 male and female students aged 18-22 years old of the IIKBW, Kediri were measured by standardised anthropometry. The FBG was measured after 8 hours-minimum of fasting from the capillary blood drop using glucometer. Data was then analysed using SPSS 17 with level of significance of p<0.05. According to Asia-Pacific BMI classification, students were 30.7% obese with males significantly higher than females (p=0.016), 18% overweight (significantly higher in females, p=0.04), 36% normal and 15.3% underweight.When compared between genders, the WHR is significantly higher in males (p<0.001); whilst no significant differences in FBG (p=0.6). Four males and 5 females with FBG ≥ 100 mg/dl, whereas others were within normal limits. There are positive significant correlations between BMI and WHR in males and females (r=0.777, p<0.001; r=0.54, p<0.001, respectively). There is a significant positive correlation between the BMI and FBG with r=0.217, p=0.008; and between the WHR and FBG with r=0.21, p=0.01 amongst all students. In this study, male students have significantly higher BMI and WHR than females. Higher FBG was well observed in students with either higher BMI or WHR.
Mechanism of Physical Exercise on Lowering Levels of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in Overweight and Obese
Authors: As’ad Muchammad Rif’at Fawaid , Liben Paulus , Herawati Lilik
Published: April 2021

Cases of overweight and obesity in the world increased continuously. In 2016, obesity increased by 3% in men and 6% in women compared to 1975. Overweight cases also increased by 20% in men and 23% in women compared to 1975. Overweight and obesity have been linked to an increase in adipose tissue in the body. Increased adipose tissue associated with inflammation, which one of its characteristics is an increase levels of C - Reactive Protein (CRP). This article aim is to describe the mechanism of physical exercise to diminish CRP level in overweight and obesity. Adipose tissue produces and releases various pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors such as leptin, adiponectin, resistin, TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1 and CRP. One of the prevention and treatment of inflammatory for overweight and obesity cases is to do physical exercise. In cases of overweight and obesity, the physical exercise aims to increase energy expenditure. Physical exercise decreases the volume and amount of adipose and pre-adipose tissue as well as the number of endothelial cells and macrophages in adipose that contain pro-inflammation such as IL-1, TNF-α, CRP, serum amyloid protein (SAA), and cytokines. Physical exercise rises anti-inflammatory properties such as IL-10, IL-1ra which play a role in inhibiting the transduction of IL-1β signals and inhibiting TNF-α synthesis. Physical exercise also amplifies antioxidant enzymes such as SOD and GPX. The antioxidants play a role in fighting free radicals to reduce inflammation.
Early Stunting Detection Education as an Effort to Increase Mother's Knowledge about Stunting Prevention
Authors: Sari Gadis Meinar
Published: April 2021

Stunting is one of the main nutritional problems that is still common in children under five and has serious health impacts. The results of National Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2018 showed the prevalence of stunting at 30.8%, indicating that 1 out of 3 Indonesian children are still stunted. Probolinggo Regency is a priority area for stunting handling in 2019 with a prevalence of 50.2% according to a report from the National Team for the Acceleration of Poverty Reduction (TNP2K). One of the factors that directly affect the incidence of stunting is low birth weight (LBW), while the mothers' knowledge level of health is an indirect factor that affects the growth conditions of children under five. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of providing stunting early detection education on maternal knowledge regarding stunting prevention. This is a pre experimental research study with one group pre-post test design, children aged 0-24 months as the research subjects. The case group consisted of stunted children (BL/A <-2 SD Z-score), while the control group consisted of normal children according to the BL/U indicator. The number of research subjects for the case and control groups was 40 with mothers of the toddlers as research respondents. The samples were selected using total sampling technique. Data were analyzed using dependent T test and linear regression. The results suggested that at the beginning of the session before provided education about early detection of stunting, mothers with stunting toddlers had lower level of knowledge (73.3%) than those with normal toddlers (77%). After provided with education, the knowledge level of mothers with stunted toddlers appreared to be higher (89%) than those with normal children (87.6%), with significant increase in each group (P <0.05). It can be concluded that education on stunting detection can significantly improve mothers' knowledge regarding the prevention of stunting in children aged 0-24 months. Providing regular education, both by nutrition workers at the health center and integrated service post (posyandu) cadres, is necessary as an effort to prevent stunting to the maximum.
Effect of Atorvastatin in Lipid Profile Changes and Inflammation Marker TNF-alpha on Diabetes Patient with Dyslipidemia
Authors: Melasari Wulan Panduwi , Suharjono Suharjono , Samsulhadi Wiwid
Published: April 2021

Diabetes is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Diabetics patients have 2 to 4 times increased risk of cardiovascular disease compared with non-diabetics. TNF-alpha is a proinflammatory cytokine that can be used to determine the risk of atherosclerosis complications triggered by inflammation in diabetes. Statins are a class of HMG CoA reductase inhibitors that inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis and have pleioropic effects that inhibit the release of inflammatory cytokines likeTNF-alpha and stabilize atherosclerotic plaques. This study aims to determine the effect of atorvastatin 20 mg/day for 30 days in reducing the lipid profile and TNF-alpha inflammatory markers in patients with diabetes dyslipidemia. Diabetes patient with dyslipidemia who included the inclusion criteria in this observational prospective cohorts studies treated with atorvastatin for 30 days (n = 19). The efficacy of statin therapy was measured by lipid profiles (LDL, TG, HDL, and total cholesterol) and TNF-alpha. The results of the study showed that atorvastatin decreased 40.55% of LDL levels, 15.34% of TG levels, and 30.70% oftotal cholesterol levels which statistically significant (P <0.05). As for HDL, there is an increase of 6.06% but statistically non-significant (P >0.05). TNF-alpha levels increased by 11.30% which statistically non-significant (P >0.05). The use of atorvastatin 20 mg for 30 days gave reduction in LDL, TG, and total cholesterol and increased in HDL. Atorvastatin does not have a reducing effect on TNF-alpha. There was no correlation between lipid profile changes with TNF-alpha changes.
Analysis of Quality of Antibiotic Usage on Patient with Internal and Surgical Service
Authors: Ma'rifah Nurul , Hasmono Didik , Hadi Usman , Kuntaman Kuntaman
Published: April 2021

It is well-known that hospitals are health facility with the widely use of antibiotics. It is about 13-37% from the total hospitalized patients in developed countries use antibiotic, even in developing countries can reach 30-80%. There is identified correlation between antibiotic use and the development of bacterial resistance. Even though the resistance cannot be eliminated, but its development can be suppressed  by the increasing of prudent use of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to determine the quality of antibiotic use on internal medicine and surgical patients in Aisiyah Hospital Bojonegoro. The study was a prospective cross sectional observational analytical study of among patients of internal and surgical who received antibiotic therapy in the period of August - September 2017. The total 50 samples were collected in this study which consists of 33 internal medicine  and 17 surgical patients. From 50 samples, there were 16 types of antibiotics with the total use of 81 of antibiotic use. As the result, in internal medicine patients there were 22 (40%) of appropriate use of antibiotics, 4 (7.27%) of inappropriate use and 29 (52.73%) use of antibiotics without indication. In surgical patients, there were 12 (46.15%) of appropriate use of antibiotics, 2 (7.69%) of inappropriate use and 12 (46.15%) use of antibiotics without indication. This study showed that more than 50% of antibiotic use were inappropriate, and mainly antibiotic with no indication, among patients hospitalized in Aisyiyah Hospital Bojonegoro.
Completion Total Thyroidectomy in Occult Thyroid Cancer Patients after Partial Thyroidectomy
Authors: Syahrudi Syahrudi , Wijayahadi R Yoga
Published: April 2021

Thyroid cancer  is one of the commonest cancer  while the incidence of occult thyroid cancer is only 0,05%. Completion total thyroidectomy as one of the treatment choice for thyroid cancer which initially diagnosed preoperatively as benign thyroid mass, remains controversial. The aim of this study is to understand the effectiveness of completion total thyroidectomy after partial thyroidectomy, by analyzing from: proportion of malignant contralateral thyroid tissue, post operative complications, and recurrence of cancer. This retrospective study collected medical record datan between 2011 and 2016. Total sample were 16 patients (15 females, 1 male). There was no significant difference on contralateral thyroid  tissue malignancy proportion between completion total thyroidectomy and without total thyroidectomy (p=0,375). It was found 3 surgical complications (50%) from 6 patients with completion total thyroidectomy and 3 complications (30%) from 10 patients without completion total thyroidectomy. The complications were temporary injury of recurrent laryngeal nerve (p=0,511), seroma (p=0,375), and hypoparathyroidism (p=0,375). No recurrence event after 4 years follow up amount both groups. In conclusion, there is no advantage in completion total thyroidectomy analized from proportion of malignant contralateral thyroid tissue, post operative complication and recurrence in 4 years-follow up.
Neuromuscular Taping Increases Muscle Strength, Flexibility, and Shortens The 100 Meter Sprinter Travel Time
Authors: Endaryanto Agung Hadi , Asnar Elyana , Indrawati Roostantia
Published: April 2021

Lari sprint  atau lari  jarak  pendek adalah salah satu nomor dalam atletik yang paling bergengsi, pelarinya disebut Sprinter. NMT adalah tehnik aplikasi yang menggunakan elastic adhesif tape yang memberikan kemampuan peningkatan fungsional otot, dan stimulasi sistem saraf. Tujuan penelitian ini, untuk mengetahui pengaruh neuromuscular taping terhadap kekuatan otot, fleksibilitas otot dan waktu tempuh sprinter 100 meter. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pre test-post test with control grup design dengan total sampel berjumlah 13 orang dengan rentang usia atlet 15-19 tahun, pada tanggal 4-5 Agustus 2016 di GOR Gresik. Metode 1 kelompok dengan 2 perlakuan yaitu perlakuan I sebelum pemberian NMT dilakukan pengukuran kekuatan otot, fleksibilitas otot, dan waktu tempuh berlari 100 meter dan sesudah pemberian NMT dilakukan pengukuran kembali, perlakuan 2 sebagai kelompok kontrol dilakukan tanpa pemberian NMT dilakukan pengukuran kekuatan otot, fleksibilitas otot, dan waktu tempuh berlari 100 meter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada perlakuan 1 kekuatan otot gastrocnemius dengan peningkatan rerata 11,38±7,83kg, nilai p=0,000, fleksibilitas nilai p=0,003 (dorsofleksi), p=0,013 (plantarfleksi) dengan peningkatan rerata 3,46±4,27 derajat, dan pemendekan waktu tempuh dengan nilai p=0-001, pada perlakuan 2 kekuatan otot gastrocnemius dengan penurunan rerata 2,12±2,43kg, nilai p=0,009, fleksibilitas nilai p=1,000 (dorsofleksi), p=0,165 (plantarfleksi) dengan peningkatan rerata 0,77±1,88 derajat, dan waktu tempuh terjadi perpanjangan waktu dengan nilai p=0-001 . Pemberian NMT pada sprinter memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dalam peningkatan kekuatan otot, fleksibilitas otot dan memperpendek waktu tempuh.