bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EDM Machinabilities of EC-PCD Using Ultrasonic Assisted EDM and Bipolar Pulse Current EDM
Authors: Chen William , Iwai Manabu , Suzuki Kiyoshi
Published: September 2014

In order to achieve a high efficient and high quality EDM of PCD, the authors have developed a new PCD having superior electrical conductivity by using boron diamond as a source material. On the other hand they applied a method to give ultrasonic vibrations to the electrode, and have made it clear that even the standard PCD could be machined at the similar level of efficiency to the cases of EDMing die steels and cemented carbides. With a purpose to obtain a good surface roughness on the PCD at high efficiency, various EDM conditions and methods were compared in this paper. Firstly, influence of discharge duration time was examined, and it was found that a shorter pulse duration time as te=0.5μs showed high efficiency and smaller electrode wear rate. Secondary, influence of bipolar pulse current method was examined, and it was found that the method effected higher efficiency but rather large amount of electrode wear resulted. Thirdly, ultrasonic assisted EDM was conducted, and it was found that the method showed superior result regarding efficiency and wear rate on both standard PCD and EC-PCD. A combination use of ultrasonic assisted and bipolar pulse current EDM methods was also attempted in this research. On the contrary to the expectation, efficiency and electrode wear rate became worse in EDM of standard and EC-PCD in comparison with other methods tested before.
Novel Approach for the Implementation of 3D-MID Compatible Routing Functionalities into Computer-Aided Design Tools
Authors: Zeitler Jochen , Götze Bernhard , Fischer Christian , Franke Jörg
Published: September 2014

Molded Interconnect Devices can be considered as attractive option for the integration of electronic functions into mechanical systems. While development methods and procedures reached high standards, CAD tools still drag behind. This paper focusses the necessary software structure for implementing of automated routing algorithms or other MID specific extensions into CAD tools. An innovative three-layer model will be introduced and explained in detail. This paper also describes a method for mapping electrical components on unfolded surfaces for the further implementation of the automated routing algorithms.
Hot Pin Pull Method – New Test Procedure for the Adhesion Measurement for 3D-MID
Authors: Goth Christian , Kuhn Thomas , Gion Gerald , Franke Jörg
Published: September 2014

The adhesion test of metallic structures on MID (Molded Interconnect Devices) parts is an unsolved issue. So far no method really works reliably. The test methods which are conventionally used are the pull-off test and the shear-test. Both show large standard deviation and the reproducibility is not assured. Nordson DAGE has introduced the new micro-material testing system 4000Plus. This device enables a new test method for the determination of the adhesion strength of MID structures using the hot pin pull (hot bump pull) method. Copper pins (tinned or untinned) are heated up with a user defined temperature profile, soldered to a metallized structure on the MID and then removed vertically upward, while the force is recorded. In this contribution investigations with this new test method are presented.
Integration of Functional Circuits into FDM Parts
Authors: Wild Alissa
Published: September 2014

The incorporation of electronic circuitry into additively manufactured thermoplastic parts is a highly desirable innovation enabler. Applications include embedding signal traces into custom air or ground vehicle components, creation of complex interconnect devices exploiting the design freedom of 3D printers, or as a way to create various grounding, shielding, sensing or antenna patterns on custom structures. Stratasys has explored multiple approaches for creating selective metallization on 3D printed plastic parts. Earlier publications [1] described evaluations of metal-based ink deposition methods such as ink jet and aerosol jet. More recently we have explored the use of Laser Direct Structuring, (LDS) thermoplastic resins in our 3D printers. With LDS technology, parts are selectively metallized after 3D part build through a laser imaging and electroless plating process. Finally, some early feasibility work has been attempted using inherently electrically conductive materials. In this paper, the various methods evaluated for integration of metal traces with 3D parts will be discussed, along with part examples and performance comparisons.
Production of Miniaturized Sensor Structures on Polymer Substrates Using Inkjet Printing
Authors: Kravchuk Oleksandr , Grunewald Kristina , Bahr Joachim , Hofmann Florian , Reichenberger Marcus
Published: September 2014

Strain sensors based on the resistive principle have been developed and produced by inkjet printing. Depending on the surface conditions of the substrates and the properties of the silver inks, with adequate densification of the printed nanoparticle containing structures, gauge factors of around 2.6, dimensions of 6.7 mm × 6.4 mm and grid line widths of around 90 μm, have been achieved with silver inks. Performance tests including up to 120 mechanical deformation cycles have been successfully carried out.
Study of MID Technologies for Automotive Lighting and Light Signaling Devices
Authors: Marcori Franco , Antonipieri M. , di Vora I. , Padovani S. , Riolino I.
Published: September 2014

The production of Molded Interconnect Devices (MIDs) may be achieved through different processes. In this work Centro Ricerche Plast-optica (CRP) has chosen to evaluate, implement and assess Laser Direct Structuring (LDS) and In Mold Labeling (IML) technologies for the production of MIDs. Both alternative methods have been analyzed starting with a 2D component, mainly used for implementation and optimization of the process, and finally a more complex 3D component, that has been designed and produced. The first phase of the activity regards the production of several conductor patterns on planar substrates dedicated to evaluate properties as conductors resistance, adhesion, SMD components solderability, wire bondability of bare LED dice etc. In the case of IML, a flexible circuit has been over-molded during the production of the component by injection molding process: planar parts have been tested also in terms of adhesion of flexible circuit to the injected polymer. The second phase of the activity concerns the production of 3D circuits. Both technologies have been implemented in order to select to materials, process conditions and parameters, design rules and to verify the reliability in the automotive severe conditions. Exploitation of technologies have been performed on an automotive rear lamp. A prototype has been produced in LDS technology and allowed to define the conditions that make economically affordable this solution. Differently, the IML technology allowed to produce a completely new device by embedding a planar electronic circuits into the plastic material.
Structure and Tribotechnical Properties of Al-Sn Alloys Prepared by the Method of Liquid-Phase Sintering
Authors: Rusin N.M. , Skorentsev A.L. , Kolubaev E.A.
Published: September 2014

The structure and tribotechnical properties of sintered Al-Sn alloys were studied. It was pointed that the sintering of pure metals powders allows save the skeleton structure of aluminium matrix at the enlarging concentration of tin up to 50% that twice higher its content in commercial alloys this system. It was established that the high Sn content in sintered alloys leads to their well wear resistance under the dry friction conditions, but it not has an influence on the value of friction coefficient.
2-NSA, 1,5-NDSA Application and Sodium Naphtionate as Fluorescent Indicators at Oil Field
Authors: Bilyalov Alisher A. , Gavrilenko Mikhail A. , Gavrilenko Nataliya A.
Published: September 2014

Set of polyaromatic sulfonates for tracer analysis of oil field as a result of fluorescent spectra study is recommended. Simultaneous determination of fluorescent polyaromatic sulfonates is confirmed by the applicability and reproducibility of the fluorescent method.
Development of Radioactive Sources on the Basis of Bioinert Ceramic Materials for Medical Applications and their Pre-Clinical Testing
Authors: Khabas Tamara , Kulinich Ekaterina , Merkulov Victor , Roesli Сhristoph , Martusevich Mihail
Published: September 2014

In this article, both the composition and composite properties of radioactive sources for medical applications are worked out and studied. The bases of these sources are bioinert ceramic solids and radionuclides. The active source is constituted from dispersed radioactive yttriа oxide or strontium oxide monolithically encapsulated with bioinert glass flux. The thermal expansion properties of the analyzed composites are highly similar to the ones of both titanium metal and titanum alloys. Therefore, the developed radioactive sources can be mounted on titanium holder. Importantly, all utilized elements and alloys are already applied in medicine. In this article we demonstrate the use of a radioactive β-source placed on a titanium holder. The device is finally applied in a oncological model disease treatment.
Antistatic Composite Coаtings on the Basis of Powder Paints
Authors: Panin Sergey , Yazykov Sergey Y. , Ovechkin Boris
Published: September 2014

For operating under outer space conditions besides providing originally specified protective function, coating should often ensure accomplishment of functional properties, for instance conductivity of electric current. The solution of this problem can be reached by adding powder fillers with specified functional properties into powder paint. The paper deals with development of technique for formation of protective conducting coatings by filling powder paints and treatment in planetary ball mill. For protection of magnesium alloy shells the technique is offered which combines formation of the oxidized sublayer, introduction of electroconductive filler, treatment of the powder mixture in the planetary ball mill and electrostatic deposition of sifted mixture of definite dispersion. This allows sinking of static electricity from cabinets of the equipment for the space-crafts applications in conditions of the outer space.
Grafting of the Organic Functional Groups to the Iron Nanoparticles Surface via Arenediazonium Tosylates
Authors: Guselnikova O.A. , Gromov M.V. , Galanov A.I.
Published: September 2014

The nanoscale materials and their application have received considerable attention for the last few years owing to its potential use in biomedical fields of science and technology. Recent studies have demonstrated the ability of arenediazoniumtosylates (ADTs) to modify nanoscale materials. An efficient method of modifying zero-valent iron nanoparticles using ADT with different functional organic groups in a water suspension at the room temperature has been developed. Particle composition, size, stability and possible functionalization with ADT have been characterised by using the FT-IR and X-ray diffraction methods, the low-temperature nitrogen adsorption analysis (BET), TGA/DSC/DTA analyses in the air and the elemental analysis. The obtained methods and results are to foster better understanding of nanoparticles modification process and contribute to its further research and development due to the ability of changing functional groups in the ADT molecule for medical and other applications. Variation of the functional groups in the ADT molecule can change the properties of Fe-NPs and predetermine the field of their use.
Radiation-Protective Composite Binder Extended with Barium Hydrosilicates
Authors: Grishina Anna Nikolaevna , Korolev Evgeniy Valerjevich , Satyukov Anton Borisovich
Published: September 2014

Radiation safety of the rooms with X-ray sources often achieved by means of creating protective coatings. Such coatings are made of special mortar containing barite. There is the alternative for barite – barium hydrosilicates. It is advisable to synthesize barium hydrosilicates from available components – sodium hydrosilicates and soluble salts of barium. To improve the effectiveness of the protective coatings the composition and technology of the shielding material is recommended. In this work the synthesis was carried out by means of precipitation the barium hydrosilicates from solution of sodium hydrosilicates and barium chloride. It is found that composition of the synthesized product obtained by precipitation of sodium hydrosilicates with barium chloride contains barium hydrosilicates, barium carbonate and silicic acid. This is due to technological processes: intensive mixing of solutions leads to air entrapment. The properties of the composite binder made of portland cement and barium hydrosilicates are examined. It is shown that optimal composition for X-ray-protective binder comprises 20-30% of barium hydrosilicates synthesized with precipitant amount close to stoichiometric.
Some Peculiarities of Spin Manifestation in Isotope Effects
Authors: Myshkin Vyacheslav F. , Plekhanov Vladimir G. , Izhoykin Dmitry A. , Khan Valery A.
Published: September 2014

Review of the widely known isotope separation techniques where the isotope effect is caused by electron interactions is presented in this paper. An assumption that isotope effects are based on spin interactions can be made.
Study of Mechanical Activation Processes of Mica Bearing Rocks
Authors: Pogrebenkov Valeriy M. , Kostikov Kirill S. , Azhel Yu.P. , Kamyshnaya K.S.
Published: September 2014

The study results of mica bearing rocks from the Mamskoye and Kuletskoye deposits and the processes, involved in grinding and activating muscovite mica from the rocks using a ball and a planetary mills, a disintegrator and a pneumoimpulsive installation depending on different time intervals and other grinding factors, are presented in this paper. The resultant materials were examined by the methods of X-ray phase analysis, derivatography, microscopy and others, which resulted in drawing the conclusions concerning the applicability of different mechanical treatment methods applied in obtaining ground mica for various uses.
Study of the Graphite Electrode Surface with In and Pt Deposits
Authors: Ustinova Elvira M. , Pshenichkin Anatolii Ya. , Kolpakova Nina A.
Published: September 2014

Electrolytic deposit of indium, platinum and platinum-indium alloy on the surface of graphite electrodes has been studied using the scanning electron microscopy and the stripping voltammetry. The scanning electron microscopy method has revealed that platinum-indium alloy on the surface of the graphite electrode contains indium, platinum and chlorine. But platinum is unable to be determined on the surface of the graphite electrode without a metal activator due to its precipitation in very small quantities. Under the anodic oxidation of indium-platinum precipitation, the anodic peaks caused by the selective electro-oxidation of indium from the intermetallic compounds with platinum are observed on the current-voltage curves. Wherein, platinum remains on the electrode surface, and can be oxidized from the electrode at the potentials of the electrode purification (more than 1 V).
Synthesis and Characteristics of Melamine Formaldehyde Composites
Authors: Visurkhanova Yakha , Ivanova Nina , Tusupbekova Gulsum , Izbastenova Daria
Published: September 2014

Melamine formaldehyde composites have been synthesized with chlorides and micro- and nanoparticles of transition metals (Co, Ni, Cu) entered into polymer during the polycondensation of melamine with formaldehyde. The received composites were studied by the X-ray diffraction and scanning electronic microscopy and applied as catalysts to cathode activation in cyclohexanone electrohydrogenation. For composites of MF+MCl2 it was established higher catalytic activity than for МF+М0.
Synthesis of Highly Dispersed Pt Catalysts on MWCNTs via Hydrolytic Deposition without Preliminary Modification of the Support
Authors: Ovchinnikov Igor I. , Shuvaeva Mariya A. , Kuznetsov Vladimir L. , Lisitsyn Alexander S.
Published: September 2014

Here we report that ethylene-derived multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) can be successfully used in the “as prepared” form for the synthesis of Pt/MWCNTs catalysts in aqueous solutions without the need in special wetting agents or specific treatments. The MWCNTs strongly accelerate the hydrolysis of metal precursor, thereby allowing rapid deposition of Pt oxide under mild conditions. Upon reduction, Pt nanoparticles with uniform distribution over the carbon surface can be obtained, the particle size (2-5 nm) being dependent on BET surface area of MWCNTs (120-350 m2/g) and Pt loading (5-30 wt.% of Pt relative to MWCNTs).
Calculation and Optimization of Plasma Utilization Process of Inflammable Wastes after Spent Nuclear Fuel Recycling
Authors: Karengin A.G. , Karengin A.A. , Novoselov I.Yu. , Tundeshev N.V.
Published: September 2014

There are shown modeling results of the joint utilization process of tributylphosphate’s spent solutions into hexachlorinebutadiene for uranium and plutonium extraction from nitric acid solution of spent nuclear fuel and its recycling wastes. Utilization process was carried out for widely temperature and mass fraction ranges of air plasma coolant. Also optimal consist of inflammable water-organic compositions and modes for practical application this process in air plasma was determined.
Crystal Plasticity Modeling of Duplex Steels at High Temperatures
Authors: Trusov Peter V. , Kondratev Nikita S.
Published: September 2014

The paper considers physical approach to the description of inelastic deformation of two-phase polycrystalline materials – duplex steels. Such approach is based on the introduction the key mechanisms of inelastic deformation in explicit way. The main mechanism of plastic deformation is slipping of edge dislocations. The structure of duplex steel consists of austenite and ferrite phases. At high temperatures ferrite reveals dynamic recovery (DRV) and austenite ability to undergo dynamic recrystallization (DRX). The way to describe DRV and DRX processes within the multilevel approach of elastoviscoplastic modeling is proposed. Obtained results of numerical experiments of uniaxial compression deformation at different temperatures have good qualitative agreement with experimental data.
External Extreme Impacts on NPP Constructions – Methodology of Computational Simulation
Authors: Belostotskiy Alexandr M. , Dubinsky Sergey I. , Afanasyeva Irina N. , Kotov Fedor M. , Vershinin Vladislav V. , Scherbina Sergey V. , Petryashev Sergey O. , Petryashev Nicolay O.
Published: September 2014

In accordance with results of analysis of state-of-the-art theoretical and experimental research works, analysis and synthesis of data on the impact of extreme impacts on structures of existing nuclear power plants (including NPP "Fukushima-1", Japan), and other unique objects, the existing regulations, corresponding design codes and procedures do not fully take into account the specific definition of extreme (special) external loads and impacts on the main building of NPP, and, therefore, require clarification and development. The distinctive paper is devoted to advanced methods of analysis, choice of appropriate and correct methods and software application packages for numerical simulation of external loads and impacts on the basic structures of nuclear power plants (wind hurricane, tornado, plane crash, the impact of the shock wave, seismic and tsunami effect). Results of development, adaptation and verification (with the use of universal software application packages) within representative number of sample problems, dealing with advanced methods of analysis, definition of loads and impacts on the basic structures of nuclear power plants are presented. The results of analysis showed correctness and effectiveness of the developed numerical methods of advanced analysis and definition of extreme external loads and impacts on NPP structures of a new generation.
Modeling of the Heat and Kinetic Phenomena Accompanying the Different Material Joining Using Solid-Phase Synthesis
Authors: Aligozhina Kamila A. , Knyazeva Anna G.
Published: September 2014

Two-dimensional model of different material joining using solid-phase synthesis has been formulated. The model represents two-dimensional coupled thermal conductivity problem with allowance for the heat release due to chemical reaction course in an adhesive composition. The problem has been solved numerically with the help of a non-explicit difference scheme, coordinate splitting and linear double-sweep method. The influence of thermophysical parameters difference on the temperature and conversion degree fields, reaction zone width and conversion zone propagation velocity have been determined.
Numerical Research of Physical and Chemical Processes at Polymeric Material Ignition by Several “Hot” Particles
Authors: Glushkov Dmitrii O. , Kuznetsov Genii V. , Strizhak Pavel A.
Published: September 2014

The mathematical model of heat and mass transfer processes at polymeric material ignition by several metal particles heated to high temperatures was developed. Numerical research of integrated characteristic at the accounting of diffusive and convective heat and mass transfer in the oxidizer during the induction period was executed. Common effect of several local sources with limited power consumption on the main integrated characteristic of process – ignition delay time was established.
Numerical Study of the Heat Radiation from the Porous Cylindrical Burner with Radiative Heat Exchange
Authors: Palesskiy F.S. , Fursenko R.V. , Minaev S.S.
Published: September 2014

The problem of premixed gas combustion in porous cylindrical burner is investigated numerically. Two-temperature diffusional-thermal model taking into account radiative heat transfer described in the framework of Eddington model is applied. It was found that radiative heat transfer affects the characteristics of filtration combustion, such as temperature distribution and the flame radius, substantially. It is demonstrated that the overall heat flux from outer burner surface is significantly caused by heat radiation from the inner regions of the porous media. Account of the thermal radiation from the burner interior leads to the shift of the spectral power distribution maximum towards the short wave region in comparison with spectral density calculated on the base of burner outlet surface temperature.
Parallel Algorithm for Modeling of Dynamic Processes in Porous Media
Authors: Tarasov George , Gyrnik Konstantin , Leontev Denis
Published: September 2014

Parallel algorithm for modeling the unsteady 2D gas flows through a porous media with energy sources is presented. A mathematical model of dynamic processes in porous heat-evolutional object is mentioned briefly. The structure of sequential algorithm and its parallel version is described in details. The performance and efficiency of parallel algorithm and its realization using OpenMP technology is evaluated.
Features of the Power Characteristics of the Vibration Isolators
Authors: Gurova Elena G. , Gurov Michail G. , Makarov Stanislav V. , Sergeev Andrey
Published: September 2014

In this article the development of the perspective vibration protection device is described. The theory suggests the development of 3D-vibration isolator devices, which have power characteristics with zero stiffness area. A spatial vibroisolator is presented as an elastic element and stiffness compensator in-parallel of this element to obtain this specific area on power characteristic. This methodology allows us to make three-dimensional (3D) vibration isolator with electromagnetic stiffness compensator. This isolator allows to delete the vibration fluctuations in all three axes of space simultaneously. A spatial vibroisolated device consists of an elastic element and parallel 3D-electromagnetic stiffness compensator. An electromagnetic stiffness compensator is a two counter-mounted electromagnetic disks. Each disk is made as six electromagnetic or magnetic disconnected coils, and they are located two by two along three axes of space. The construction of one-dimensional vibration isolator with an electromagnetic stiffness compensator is presented in this article. Three-dimensional vibration isolator can be used in any area of mechanic, engineering, vibration dumping technique, which has a negative effect on human health and devices performance.
Magnetic Structure of Nanosized Ferrimagnetic Particle Depending on External Parameters
Authors: Rodionov V.A. , Naiden E.P.
Published: September 2014

In this work we performed analysis of the magnetic order of nanosized ferrimagnetic particle at the temperature and magnetic field changes, using Monte-Carlo method. The calculations take into account real mechanisms of exchange and magnetocrystalline anisotropy of ferrospinels.
Stress State and its Definition in Hardfacing Heat-Resistant Steel Cold Rolling Mill Rollers
Authors: Valuev Denis V. , Serikbol A.
Published: September 2014

The possibility of using grooving to measure volume and type of residual stresses distribution in hard faced work rolls for cold rolling with high hardness of an active layer is described in this paper.
The Balanced Two-Satellite Planetary Gear with the Equal Distribution of Loading on Satellites
Authors: Andreeva Ya.A.
Published: September 2014

Aspects of the structural synthesis of planetary gears without excess communications are analyzed. The possibility of creation of self-established multisatellite planetary reducers, by addition in the structure of gear of the group of links with zero mobility is proved. The solution of the problem of an equal distribution of loading on satellites is given. Computing experiments in the program complex «T-Flex Dynamics» are carried out. The new scheme of the planetary gear is shown.
Transformation of the Urban Electric Transport System when Using Autonomous Energy Sources
Authors: Abramov Evgeniy Yurievich , Stang Alexander Alexandrovich , Enkudinov Sergey Andreevich
Published: September 2014

In paper, the problems of shared use of photovoltaic energy sources and energy storage devices for the implementation of sustainable energy-efficient operation of the power supply system urban electric transport are considered. The main attention is paid to a solution of the unevenness power curve problem of traction power supply system under the natural technological development of urban electric transport system. The conceptual solution of power supply structure on the basis of used capacities, with their substitution by the rational share of autonomous power sources capacities, is proposed.
The Polarization of Silver Azide in Electric Field
Authors: Rodzevich A.P. , Gazenaur E.G. , Kuzmina L.V. , Krasheninin V.I.
Published: September 2014

The experimental results show that the relative permittivity in the threadlike silver azide crystals changes under the influence of the polarization field (10-3 ÷ 103 V/m). An amount of the formed intermediate product at a weak noncontact electric field decreases significantly that allows assuming that polarization influences primarily, at the stage of formation of the silver azide decomposition intermediate. The polarization in a constant noncontact electric field may be regarded as a control method of explosive sensitivity.
Corrosion Resistance of Multilayer Ti-Ta Coatings Obtained by Electron Beam Cladding in the Atmosphere
Authors: Ruktuev Alexey , Golkovski Mikhail , Samoylenko Vitaly , Komarov Pavel , Bataev Ivan , Bataev Anatoly
Published: September 2014

A method of surface alloying of titanium substrates with tantalum in order to obtain corrosion-resistant layers is described. An electron beam injected into the atmosphere is used as a power source. A powder layer containing a composition of alloying components and a fluxing agent was placed on the surface of a Ti plate. The plate exposed to a scanning beam was moved at a speed of 1cm/sec. The scanning range was 5cm, the scanning frequency was 50 Hz and the beam power was 33.5 kW. To enhance the degree of alloying the coating procedure was repeated up to 4 times. Alloyed layers 2-3 mm thick containing up to 40 wt % Ta were obtained. The rate of corrosion in HNO3 depends on the Ta concentration in the deposited material. It is tens and hundreds times lower than the rate of corrosion of unalloyed titanium for all coatings. Surface deposition by the proposed method can be used to protect internal surfaces of chemical reactors operating in media containing aggressive acids at increased temperatures up to the boiling temperature.
Application of Polymer Gel-Electrolytes for Cleaning and Restoration of Steel Objects
Authors: Dubinina Oksana V. , Lyamina Galina V. , Mokrousov Gennady M.
Published: September 2014

Application of polymer gels for cleaning and restoration of the surface of different steel grades has been showed. Two techniques of the surface cleaning have been tested: a contact of the polymer film with an object surface; the electrochemical cleaning of metals where the polymer gel was used as a background electrolyte. It has been established that the first technique is more effective for low carbon steels and the second technique is more effective for high-alloy steels. The advantages of the application of the technique with polymer gels are localization and control of the process.
Surface Modification by Zr+ Ion Beam Irradiation of 12Cr1MoV and 30CrMnSiNi2 Steels for Improving Fatigue Durability
Authors: Vlasov Ilya , Panin Sergey , Sergeev Viktor , Naidfeld Vasilii , Maruschak Pavlo
Published: September 2014

Cyclic tension and alternating bending tests of 12Cr1MoV and 30CrMnSiNi2 steels specimens in as–supplied state and after surface irradiation by Zr+ ion beam have been carried out. Distinctions in formation of strain induced relief, as well as cracking pattern of modified surface layer are illustrated by methods of optical microscopy and interferential profilometry. Changes to occur in subsurface layer are characterized by means of nanoindentation and scanning electron microscopy of fracture surfaces. The description of differences of deformation behavior is carried out with use of the multiple cracking concepts.
Features of Steel Mouldings Production in Graphitic Shell Molds
Authors: Sapchenko Igor G. , Komarov Oleg N. , Zhilin Sergey G.
Published: September 2014

Exothermic reaction in thermite charge of casting pattern was investigated by estimated and experimental techniques. Thermophysical properties of steel mouldings production in graphitic shell molds were determined.
Model of Polycrystalline Inelastic Deformation with Grain Boundary Sliding Description
Authors: Trusov Petr V. , Shveykin Alexey I. , Sharifullina Elvira R. , Kondratev Nikita S.
Published: September 2014

The paper deals with three-level model of polycrystal inelasticity based on crystal plasticity. This model allows to regard the most important inelastic deformation mechanisms of polycrystals including grain boundary sliding. The inflow of intragranular dislocations, changing of the boundary structure under realization of grain boundary sliding and diffusion processes are taken into account in equations for grain boundary sliding. Consistency conditions of constitutive relations at the different scale levels are used in constructing model. The results of computational experiments under uniaxial tension of a representative volume are obtained with developed model. The results show that grain boundary sliding is important and must be taking into account.
Distribution Regularities of Shear Deformations in Incompressible Nonlinear Elastic Solids
Authors: Lapteva Anastasia A. , Dudko Olga V.
Published: September 2014

The process of shock disturbances in incompressible nonlinear elastic medium is considered. For the case of one-dimensional deformation the two types of plane shock waves are shown, which carry shift deformations in the medium. The properties of these waves are described, their propagation velocities are calculated. The solution of the boundary problem of the interaction of two plane waves with different shear polarization is presented to demonstrate ways of using the obtained results.
Boundary-Element Modeling of 3-D Poroelastic Half-Space Dynamics
Authors: Igumnov Leonid A. , Litvinchuk Svetlana , Petrov Andrey , Belov Alexander A.
Published: September 2014

A direct approach of the boundary element method for treating 3-D boundary-value problems of poroelastodynamics is considered. Biot’s material model with four unknown base functions is used. Computational results for the surface responses of displacements and pore pressures as functions of a force acting on a half-space weakened by a cavity are presented.
Numerical Modeling of Forming a Preform under High Temperature Creep
Authors: Rogachev Egor E. , Polonik Marina V. , Dudko Olga V. , Murashkin Evgenii V.
Published: September 2014

The object of research is the process of forming metal preform with predetermined configuration under creep at high temperatures. Two deformation modes have been considered – “cold” and “hot”. The results of numerical modeling of two deformation modes using the system MSC Marc are presented.
The Study of Boroaluminizing in Рastes under Thermocycling and Laser Heating
Authors: Sizov Igor , Polyansky I. , Mishigdorzhiyn U.
Published: September 2014

The article presents the study of the treatment type effect on the structure, composition and properties of the boroaluminized layers. In the study a comparative analysis of boroaluminized layers obtained by isothermal, thermocycle boronaluminizing in pastes and laser heating is given.
Computer Simulation of Cardiac Electrical Activity Using an Electrocardiograph on Nanosensors
Authors: Grigoriev Michael , Turushev Nikita V.
Published: September 2014

The problems related to cardiovascular diseases are considered. The method to solve some of the problems has been proposed. We also consider a two-component Aliev-Panfilov model and the algorithm of the hardware-software complexes. The obtained results are presented.
Heavy-Loaded Components Quality Assurance by Means of Non-Destructive Testing
Authors: Kroening Michael , Sednev Dmitriy , Salchak Yana
Published: September 2014

In present paper principles of acoustic scattering in case hardened components were discussed. Improvements of ultrasonic testing method and instrument development opportunities were proposed. Through these investigations, it would be possible to provide an advanced method of ultrasonic testing of case hardening quality, which might be applied in Russian metallurgical industry market. Comparative analysis of characteristics of existing instrument and the proposed instrument was conducted. This article demonstrates all important advantages of the proposed method of nondestructive testing for quality control of heavy-loaded components.
Increasing the Efficiency of Using Hardware Resources for Time-Frequency Correlation Function Computation
Authors: Avramchuk Valeriy V. , Luneva E.E. , Cheremnov Alexander G.
Published: September 2014

In the article the techniques of increasing efficient of using multi-core processors for the task of calculating the fast Fourier transform were considered. The fast Fourier transform is led on the basis of calculating a time time-frequency correlation function. The time-frequency correlation function allows increasing the information content of the analysis as compared with the classic correlation function. The significant computational capabilities are required to calculate the time-frequency correlation function, that by reason of the necessity of multiple computing fast Fourier transform. For computing the fast Fourier transform the Cooley-Tukey algorithm with fixed base two is used, which lends itself to efficient parallelization and is simple to implement. Immediately before the fast Fourier transform computation the procedure of bit-reversing the input data sequence is used. For algorithm of calculating the time-frequency correlation function parallel computing technique was used that experimentally allowed obtaining the data defining the optimal number of iterations for each core of the CPU, depending on the sample size. The results of experiments allowed developing special software that automatically select the effective amount of subtasks for parallel processing. Also the software provides the choice of sequential or parallel computations mode, depending on the sample size and the number of frequency intervals in the calculation of time-frequency correlation function.
Radiation Detection System
Authors: Tatarnikov Denis A. , Godovykh Aleksey V.
Published: September 2014

This paper is devoted to the project of making own radiation detection system with some unique features and to make the system more independent for their components, highly-scalable and flexible platform. We develop programs for collecting and displaying the gamma data on the plot from all of the connected detectors to the system, record them for further post-processing and displaying them to user as a breadcrumb on the map.
Residual Stress Distribution through Thickness in Cold-Rolled Aluminum Sheet
Authors: Hattori Nobuyuki , Matsumoto Ryo , Utsunomiya Hiroshi
Published: September 2014

Distribution of residual stress through the thickness of a cold-rolled aluminum sheet is analyzed by the elastic-plastic finite element method under plane strain condition. Single-pass rolling of 2mm-thick aluminum sheet is considered. Influences of roll diameter D, reduction in thickness r, and friction coefficient μ are investigated. When the friction is low (μ = 0.1 and 0.2), and the case with smaller rolls (D = 130 mm) and low reduction (r = 5%), the residual stress in the rolling direction is compressive at surface and tensile around the layer quarter deep from the surface. While in the case with larger rolls (D = 310 mm) and high reduction (r = 30%), the stress is tensile at surface and the stress decreases to compressive with increasing depth from surface. In other words, with low friction, the residual stress distribution strongly depends on the aspect ratio (contact length / mean thickness) of the roll bite. On the other hand, when the friction coefficient is high (μ = 0.4), the residual stress is compressive at surface regardless of roll diameter and reduction. It means that the friction makes the residual stress at surface more compressive. It is found that the relationship between the residual stress at surface and the aspect ratio is almost linear, and that the slope depends on the friction coefficient.
Effect of Initial Thickness to Cut End Deformation of Hat Shape Channel Steel by Roll Forming
Authors: binti Mohd Saffe Siti Nadiah , Takuo Nagamachi , Hiroshi Ona
Published: September 2014

A hat channel, also called a furring channel, is a channel with a bottom horizontal web and two vertical flanges, as well as an outward lip that is fabricated by roll forming. When the channel is cut off at a specified length, the edge of the product will change due to the release of residual stress, and this change is generally called cut end deformation. The cut end deformation of channel steel was investigated via experiment and three-dimensional finite-element simulation. The effect of initial thickness on the cut end deformation of hat channel steel was studied. For hat channel steel, the deformations at the front end and back end increase when the sheet metal thickness increases. However, the influence of initial thickness on the cut end deformation of hat-shape channel steel is small.
Analysis of the Potential of Incremental Stress Superposition on Air Bending
Authors: Weinrich Andres , Becker Chrstioph , Maevus Frauke , Chatti Sami , Tekkaya A. Erman
Published: September 2014

Springback and limited forming limits of modern high strength steels are a big challenge in manufacturing engineering. Both aspects are crucial in sheet metal bending processes. Different modifications of the air bending process have already been developed in order to reduce springback and also to increase the forming limits of materials. A new method (the incremental stress superposition on air bending) has been developed. Studies of this new process alternative show a positive effect on the springback behavior. In order to investigate the potential of this process a comparison with other already established bending processes have been carried out. A possible process control to extend the forming limits has also been investigated.
Investigation of Scar Formation in Fine Blanking Processes and their Prediction in 3D ALE Simulations
Authors: Wesner Thomas , Hora Pavel
Published: September 2014

Scar formation in fine blanking was investigated by means of a particularly developed fine blanking tool and experimental evidence about significant the process parameters chamfer size of the blanking tools, V-Ring usage and clearance is given. Furthermore, a special purpose Finite Element code using the Arbitrary-Lagrange-Eulerian method with a process specific mesh generation is demonstrated and used for the determination of relevant parameters for prediction crack formation in 3D fine blanking simulations. The simulations shown, that a commonly used description of fracture strain as a function of stress and deformation state is not sufficient. In order to simulate scar occurrence on the blanking surface, the significant increase of fracture strain due to temperature rise because of plastic heat generation has to be taken into account. A possible way of measuring the temperature effect was shown in torsion tests at different initial temperature levels.
Forging of Parts Having Strength Distribution Using Tailor Friction-Welded Billets Composed of Steel Bars Having Different Quenchabilities
Authors: Maeno Tomoyoshi , Mori Kenichiro , Yanagiya Yuichi , Nishino Shoma
Published: September 2014

Parts having a strength distribution were produced from tailor friction-welded billets consisting of steel bars having different quenchabilities. Chrome steel SCr420 and mild steel S25C bars having high and low quenchabilities, respectively, were joined by friction welding. The tailor friction-welded billets were forged, and then quenched so as to have a strength distribution. The cold formability of the tailored billet was first examined from simple compression in the normal and tangential directions to the joint. No cracks appeared even for an 80% reduction in height in the compression. In a tensile test of the 80% reduced billet, the softer S25C side was fractured and the interface was not fractured. The tailor billets have enough cold formability. The thermal influence around the joint of the tailor friction-welded billets was eliminated by annealing, and thus inhomogeneous deformation around the joint in forging was prevented. A shaft having a high strength flange and a connecting rod having high strength and machinability were produced by forging and quenching of the tailored billet.
Investigation of a Bulge Test at High Temperatures and High Strain Rates Using a Finite-Element Simulation Study
Authors: Braun Alexander , Bambach Markus , Hirt Gerhard
Published: September 2014

In recent years, hot stamping of sheet metal parts has emerged to satisfy the contrary demands of the automotive industry for components with increased strength at reduced weight. To analyse the material behaviour during these processes, a hot gas bulge test at high temperatures and high strain rates is promising, since the bulge test at room temperature has already proven itself as a useful test for the material characterization of sheet metals up to high strains. Therefore, a hot gas bulge test at elevated temperatures and high strain rates is being developed at the Institute of Metal Forming (IBF) in cooperation with the Institute for Fluid Power Drives and Controls (IFAS) at the RWTH Aachen. To verify if the concepts of the membrane theory, which are used for the evaluation of bulge tests at room temperature, are adaptable to such a hot gas bulge test, a simulation study using finite element calculations was conducted. The purpose of this simulation study is is to estimate the errors which occur if the equivalent stress at the bulge pole is calculated by using the membrane theory. In addition to this study several approaches were examined to obtain the sheet thickness at the bulge pole by measuring the bulge height. The study showed that a hot gas bulge test can be described very well by the membrane theory if the sheet thickness, the curvature at the bulge pole and the pressure inside the bulge are exactly known. However, substantial errors can occur if the sheet thickness at the bulge pole is determined by measuring the height of the bulge pole.
Theoretical and Experimental Investigation on Forming Limit for TNW700 Titanium Alloy
Authors: Liu Bao Sheng , Wu Wei , Han Xiu Quan
Published: September 2014

Forming limit is identified to evaluate the formability of sheet metal. The in-plane limit strains of sheets are plotted in a diagram with coordinates of major strain vs. minor strain. TNW700 titanium alloy is a high temperature resistant material. The products made of TNW700 can be used in a long serving period at 500°C, short time at 700°C. In this work, the forming limit of TNW700 will be investigated in theoretical and experimental ways. The experiment to test limit strains was carried out at 750°C under different loading paths. Marciniak – Kuczynski (M-K) model was calculated with Swift constitutive equations to predict the curves of limit strains. The effect of the groove angle on forming limit is that, the same angle on both sides of centerline determines the same FLC, and the limit points shift from left side to right side. The experiment shows that, the formability of TNW700 is not excellent, and it is lower than that of TC4 and TA15 at the same condition. The comparison shows that the curve predicted by M-K model is in a good agreement with that at plane strain, however higher than that in both sides. The fractographic observation shows that the fracture mode of TNW700 is dimple rupture.
Formability Enhancement of Al-Mg Sheet by Using Hydro-Mechanical Forming
Authors: Kwon Yong Nam , Kim Sang Woo , Lee Young Seon
Published: September 2014

Hydro-mechanical forming of Al sheet was investigated in the present study in order to fabricate automotive part having a complicated shape using Al 5052 alloy with a conventional formability which has been known to be quite lower compared to deep drawing steels. We have designed the hydro-mechanical forming in which Al sheet was drawn to a kind of preform step following gas blow forming for final accurate geometry. In order to judge a formability enhancement of Al sheet in terms of forming process, model geometry came from a practical automotive part which had quite depth with complicated curvatures, which was proven that a single sheet forming could not gave a successful part. Experimentally, we succeeded to make the model part with accurate dimension. The optimum forming conditions for respective forming steps were considered most important technical features of this hydro-mechanical. Also, the effort to avoid detrimental microstructure evolutions was given and discussed for a practical application.
High-Speed Single Point Incremental Forming of an Automotive Aluminium Alloy
Authors: Vanhove Hans , Mohammadi Amirahmad , Guo Yan Song , Duflou Joost R.
Published: September 2014

Incremental Sheet Forming processes have been characterized by their limited forming speed and accompanying lengthy production time. ISF has therefore been considered a process category suitable for small batch sizes or discrete part production only. The potential for greatly increasing the forming speed of incremental forming processes is studied here by means of axisymmetric incremental forming on a lathe. As an aluminium alloy commonly used in automotive applications, AA5182-O, is of interest for incremental forming at increased speed. In this paper the influence of an increasing feed rate on forming forces, temperature and formability is analyzed.