bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on Adsorption of Heavy Metals with Zeolite and FeS Media
Authors: Lee Gimin , Kim Gyuri , Choi Sungkyu , Lee Tae-jin
Published: August 2020

Objectives:Adsorption characteristics in aqueous solution were investigated to effectively remove heavy metals by the crystallization of FeS and reaction kinetics were analyzed to compare with heavy metal adsorption characteristics of zeolite.Methods:The adsorption characteristics of each media were analyzed using Langmuir adsorption isotherm, and the adsorption reaction kinetics of heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Zn) on zeolite and FeS media were analyzed by a pseudo-first or pseudo-second order reaction kinetics.Results and Discussion:The maximum adsorption capacity of zeolite was highest in Pb, and the adsorption preference was in the order of Pb>Cu>Zn. In the case of FeS media, Cu was found to have a higher adsorption capacity than Pb or Zn, and the adsorption preference was observed to be Cu>Pb>Zn. It was found that the adsorption mechanism is based on chemical adsorption (chemisorption) because adsorption of each heavy metal onto zeolite or FeS media is more suitable for pseudo-second order kinetics.Conclusions:It was found that the removal of heavy metals through FeS media has a different pattern from zeolite, and when comparing the adsorption capacity of each media, it was found that FeS media is more effective for Zn or Cu except Pb.
IMPACT OF NON-WEIGHT BEARING EXERCISES ON QUALITY OF LIFE FOR ELDERLY PEOPLE WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS (OA) OF THE KNEE
Authors: Thokal Deepti C. , Ganvir Shyam
Published: August 2020

Background- Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. The Knee is the weight-bearing joint most commonly affected by osteoarthritis (OA). The symptoms of pain, morning stiffness of short duration and physical dysfunction in the activities of daily living (ADL) can affect many aspects of health, affecting Quality of life. Regular and moderate physical activity adapted to an individual's life-styles and education, and joint protection strategies have been advocated as conservative management. Quality of life is the condition of life resulting from the combination of the effects of the complete range of factors such as those determining health, happiness, education, social and intellectual attainments, freedom of action, justice and freedom of expression. METHOD– It is a Randomized Clinical Trial. Study done on Geriatric people in Geriatric Home Centre, Vilad Ghat. Ahmednagar. On 20 Samples. After obtaining approval from the Ethical Committee, Informed consent was obtained by each subject after explaining them in their language. Subjects were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria.  The subjects were divided into two groups.  Group A: Experimental group consisting of 10 subjects and Group B: Control group consisting of 10 subjects. RESULT- In this study, we found that there was a significant improvement in all the parameters of WOMAC Index. Conclusion- :  From the present study we found that there was a significant improvement in the Experimental group than the Control group.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Minat Menjadi Guru Ekonomi
Authors: Selviani Selviani
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan pengaruh kesiapan belajar, kepercayaan diri, fasilitas belajar, dan hasil belajar terhadap minat menjadi guru pada siswa IPS Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri di Kota Tembilahan Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir.Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dan asosiatif.Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 216 siswa. Untuk menentukan sampel digunakan teknik Random Sampling dan diperoleh total sampel sebanyak 140 siswa. Tekhnik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Kuesioner yang akan disebarkan terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji coba dengan menguji validitas dan realibilitas. Tekhnik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis jalur dan uji hipotesis digunakan uji t. hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: variabel kesiapan belajar, kepercayaan diri, fasilitas belajar, dan hasil belajar siswa memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat menjadi guru.
Pelaksanaan Kebijakan Penyanderaan Pajak (Gijzeling) Dilihat Dari Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia
Authors: Sirait Resmaya Agnesia Mutiara
Published: August 2020

Tax is a source of income for a country, the use of tax money to finance all state expenditures and financing state development projects. Tax collection is carried out by the state to taxpayers or tax bearers. The current monetary crisis makes many taxpayers who do not obey in paying taxes. So the government must create a new mechanism that aims to help forcibly for taxpayers who do not obey the law. One such mechanism is the forced institution of body (gijzeling). In establishing gijzeling institutions, there are things that must be considered and considered, namely the legal, justice and humanitarian needs (Human Rights), because basically these institutions contain elements of deprivation of liberty. This study aims to analyze how the institution of forced agency (gijzeling) is implemented and how the implementation of tax hostage policy (gijzeling) is seen from the perspective of Human Rights. From the results of the study, it is known that the enforced implementation of the body can be carried out if other administrative legal activities are proven and the tax guarantor has arrears a tax payment of Rp 100,000,000-, and viewed from the perspective of human rights taking a tax (gijzeling) is basically a deprivation of a person's right to independence, but related to the tax guarantor who has no good intention, gijzeling can be applied.
TRIPs dalam Kaitannya dengan Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Rahasia Dagang, Desain Industri dan Desain Tata Letak Sirkuit Terpadu Di Indonesia
Authors: Fataruba Sabri
Published: August 2020

Participation in the WTO has given consequences to its member countries, including Indonesia, to harmonize its laws in the field of Intellectual Property Rights for full compliance or full compliance as a minimum requirement and guidelines for WTO member countries to contain new norms and has a higher standard and contains strict law enforcement provisions as set by the TRIPs. In view of these matters, Indonesia has harmonized the existing laws in the field of Intellectual Property Rights and made legal norms in accordance with the standards set by the TRIPs for several fields of Intellectual Property Rights which had not yet been enacted at the time, where 3 ( three) including Law Number 30 of 2000 concerning Trade Secrets, Law Number 31 of 2000 concerning Industrial Design and Law Number 32 of 2000 concerning Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits, the regulations also meet the standards set by TRIPs , in order to provide adequate legal protection to guarantee the rights of Owners of Trade Secrets and Designers and to ensure that other unauthorized parties do not abuse them, so as to motivate the owners of trade secrets and designers to continue to be creative in creating and/or designing, as well also stimulates other communities to do same things.
Analisis Hukum Surat Pelepasan Hak Atas Tanah Adat (Dati) Di Kota Ambon
Authors: Hallauw Desy Kosita , Matuankotta Jenny Kristiana , Uktolseja Novyta
Published: August 2020

Relinquishment of land rights is the relinquishment of legal relations between the holders of land rights and the land under their control by providing compensation on the basis of deliberation. Letter of Waiver of rights is evidence that is made with the aim of releasing land rights. A letter of release of customary land rights (dati) is applied in the same way as the release of land rights in general, as enforced in accordance with Government Regulation No. 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration. The process of registering customary land rights (dati) is based on the release of customary rights (dati) issued by the customary land owner (dati) as the basis for rights. So based on the release of land rights, it can be registered at the Ambon City Land Office to obtain proof of land ownership or certificates. The letter of release of customary land rights (dati) issued by the customary State Government in Ambon City is binding as long as it is carried out based on applicable customary law and can be proven the basis of ownership rights to customary land (dati) from the customary land owner (dati) that issues the release letter the land rights. However, as long as it cannot be proven valid, the letter of release of land rights does not have binding power, thus the release of the customary land rights (dati) becomes invalid and the certificate can be canceled.
A helyi önkormányzatok törvényességi felügyeletének munkamódszerei és jó gyakorlatai
Authors: Pál Emese
Published: August 2020

A jogállamiság és benne a közigazgatás törvényessége biztosításának fontos elemei a helyi önkormányzatok, valamint szerveik, működésük és döntéshozataluk feletti állami kontroll, amelyben kiemelt szerepe van a fővárosi és megyei kormányhivatalok (a továbbiakban: kormányhivatal) által lefolytatható felügyeleti eljárásnak. Az európai értelemben vett jogállam demokratikus helyi közigazgatása a törvényeknek alárendelt szabad önkormányzás révén valósul meg. A Magyarország helyi önkormányzatairól szóló 2011. évi CLXXXIX törvény (a továbbiakban: Mötv.) az Alaptörvényben foglaltakon túl rögzíti, hogy a „Kormány a helyi önkormányzatok törvényességi felügyeletéért felelős miniszter irányításával, a kormányhivatal útján biztosítja a helyi önkormányzatok törvényességi felügyeletét.” A törvényességi felügyeletet ellátó szerv a Kormány általános hatáskörű területi államigazgatási szervének a fővárosi, megyei Kormányhivatal Hatósági Főosztályának a Törvényességi Felügyeleti Osztálya. Sőt a törvény az értelmező rendelkezések között szintén deklarálja, hogy a kormányhivatalon az Mötv. értelmezésében a helyi önkormányzat törvényességi felügyeletét ellátó fővárosi vagy megyei kormányhivatal értendő. Jelen tanulmány a kormányhivatali beszámolókban szereplő módszerek és gyakorlatok feltárására vállalkozik.
SMS Based Remote Monitoring and Control of Industrial Processes using Artificial
Authors: H.C Prof Inyiama , D.O Dimoji
Published: August 2020

This paper presents artificial neural network (ANN) based intelligent control system for effective monitoring and control of industrial processes based on Global System for Mobile Communication network (GSM). This system provides ideal solution for monitoring critical oil/gas plant variables such as temperature, pressure, level and flow- rate. Historical and real time data can be accessed worldwide using the GSM network. The proposed system monitors and controls these variables from the remote location and whenever it crosses the set limit, a microcontroller will sends an SMS to concerned plant personnel(s) mobile phone via GSM network. The concerned personnel can control the system through his mobile phone by sending AT Commands to GSM MODEM and in turn to the microcontroller A Nokia N90 series GSM mobile phone was interfaced with a PC via RS 232 serial port. A PC was used as SMS gateway as well as to create a database to store different records to provide list of changes. An SMS enable was also introduced to enable reporting agent to communicate with the plant. Assembly language, C Language and Visual BASIC were used at different stages to program the necessary hardware. Data obtained from this experiment were analyzed using MATLAB. The performance evaluation and the curve generated with MATLAB shows that using ANN controllers to control industrial Process gives better result/performance than on/off controllers
Detection of Coordinate Based Accident-Prone Areas on Road Surface using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Kumari  Dara Anitha , Govardhan Dr. A.
Published: August 2020

The growth in the road networks in India and other developing countries have influenced the growth in transport industry and other industries, which depends on the road network for operations. The industries such as postal services or mover services have influenced the similar growths in these industries as well. However, the dependency of these industries is high on the road surface conditions and any deviation on the road surface conditions can also influence the performance of the services provided by the mentioned services. Nonetheless, the conditions of the road surface are one of the prime factors for road safety and number of evidences are found, which are discussed in subsequent sections of this work, that the bad road surface conditions are increasing the road accidents. Several parallel research attempts are deployed in order to find out, the regions where the road surface conditions are not proper, and the traffic density is higher. Nevertheless, outcomes of these parallel works are highly criticised due to the lack of accuracy in detection of the road surface defects, detection of accurate location of the defects and detection of the traffic density data from various sources. Thus, this work proposes a novel framework for detection of the road defect and further mapping to the spatial data coordinates resulting into the detection of the accident-prone zones or accident affinities of the roads. This work deploys a self-adjusting parametric coefficient-based regression model for detection of the risk factors of the road defects and in the other hand, extracts the traffic density of the road regions and further maps the accident affinities. This work outcomes into 97.69% accurate detection of the road accident affinity and demonstrates less complexity compared with the other parallel research outcomes
Fuzzy Image Processing Based Architecture for Contrast Enhancement in Diabetic Retinopathy Images
Authors: Younis Dr. Basma MohammedKamal , Younis Dua’a  Basman
Published: August 2020

Diabetic retinopathy” is damage to retina denotes one of the problems of diabetes which is a significant reason for visual infirmity and blindness. A comprehensive and routine eye check is important to early detection and rapid treatment. This study proposes a hardware system that can enhance the contrast in the diabetic retinopathy eye fundus images as a first step in different eye disease diagnoses. The fuzzy histogram equalization technique is proposed to increases the local contrast of Diabetic Retinopathy Images. First, a histogram construction hardware architecture for different image processing purposes has been built then modified with fuzzy techniques to create fuzzy histogram equalization architecture, which is used to enhance the original images. Both architectures are designed using a finite-state machine (FSM) technique and programmed with VHDL programming language. The first one is implemented using two (Spartan 3E-XC3S500 and Xilinx Artix-7 XC7A100T) kits, while the second architecture is implemented using (Spartan 3E-XC3S500) kit. The system consists also of a modified video graphics array (VGA) port to display the input and resulted images with a proper resolution. All the hardware outputs are compared to that results produce from MatLab for verification and the resulted images are tested by PSNR, MSE, ENTROPY ,and AMBE
The Development of Trend Analysis of Scoring for Good Corporate Governance based on the Decree of the Ministry of State Owned Enterprises Number SK-16/S.MBU/2012 in State Owned Banks that Went Public in the Period 2013-2018
Authors: Purnamasari Dian Indri , Satria Negara Hari Kusuma
Published: August 2020

The aims of this research is to evaluate the development of Trend Analysis of Good Corporate Governance Scoring based on the Decree of the Ministry of State Owned Enterprises Number SK-16/S.MBU/2012 in SOEs that went public in the next period of the earlier study in 2012, i.e. 2013-2018 (the latest financial statement at the moment). In this study we employed a population sample of SOEs in banking sector that are listed in BEI for the period 2012-2018. Therefore, this period of study is expected to reflect the actual condition on a more consistent basis from year to year. Publicly traded SOEs are selected because every company that has made public offering is required to publish its annual report in order to make its Annual Report more accessible. We can conclude that the development of scoring for Good Corporate Governance—based on the Decree of the Ministry of State Owned Enterprises Number SK-16/S.MBU/2012 in State Owned Banks that went public in the period 2013-2018—follows an upward trend that put them into the Excellent category
Os antecedentes da cocriação de valor em programas de incentivo ao sexo seguro: contribuições da Lógica Dominada por Serviço ao Marketing Social
Authors: Higuchi Agnaldo Keiti , Veiga Ricardo Teixeira , Martins Juliana Borges
Published: August 2020

Neste trabalho aborda-se a utilidade da Lógica Dominada por Serviço (LUSCH; VARGO, 2014), para o entendimento de fenômenos do Marketing Social, com ênfase na cocriação de valor pelo beneficiário de programas sociais voltados para a adoção do sexo seguro. Após pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o tema, elaborou-se modelo hierárquico contendo os constructos que envolvem a cocriação de valor e seus potenciais antecedentes. A partir do modelo foi criado o questionário, que foi aplicado a estudantes universitários na cidade de Teófilo Otoni-MG. Os resultados, obtidos por meio de Modelagem de Equações Estruturais, mostram que o constructo nível de atividades tem como antecedente o traço elementar abertura a experiências, enquanto que o constructo número de interações é explicado pelos traços elementares abertura a experiência, neuroticismo e necessidade de recursos materiais (negativamente).
Know Your Home Furnishings
Authors: Elsasser Virginia Hencken , Sharp Julia Ridgway
Published: August 2020

A comprehensive resource for understanding the categories of consumer goods for the home and the raw products utilized to make them, Know Your Home Furnishings , Second Edition, enables students to understand the major categories of home furnishings and the diverse consumer demand for fashionable and functional products. This new edition is up-to-date with all the latest industry trends and important people. With new material covering kitchenware, electronics, window treatments, and historical furniture, Know Your Home Furnishings is more indispensable than ever.
Programming & Research
Authors: Botti-Salitsky Rose Mary
Published: August 2020

Programming and Research: Skills and Techniques for Interior Designers provides a step-by-step approach to mastering the process of documenting client and user requirements for any design project. Replete with examples and analyses of student and professional work, this book guides its readers through the creation of their own program documents. Both the National Council for Interior Design Qualification (NCIDQ) and the Council for Interior Design Accreditation (CIDA) consider programming a required core of knowledge. Programming and Research focuses on how the study of programming for interior designers prepares students for and advances them into the professional realm.

This second edition is updated with the latest information interior designers must be equipped with, including new coverage on evidence-based design, integrated project delivery (IPD), building information modeling (BIM), design across disciplines, LEED programming, designing on a budget, and time management.
Kingdom of Lesotho
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. African Dept.,   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Published: August 2020

This mission, a follow up to the earlier mission from IMF AFRITAC South (AFS) conducted in March 2017 (STX Mr. Bernie Egan), was designed to further help the authorities in the implementation of Basel II and select elements of Basel III. The main objectives of the mission were to help the CBL finalize the Draft Guidelines to banks on Pillar 1; assist in the implementation of Pillar 2, with attention paid to the Supervisory Review and Evaluation Process (SREP) and the banks´ Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process (ICAAP); and evaluate current disclosure requirements in view of the recent revision of Pillar 3 by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS). The adoption of select elements of Basel III especially those related to definition of capital was discussed.
Antenatal care of mothers and morbidity and mortality disparities among preterm Saudi and non-Saudi infants less than or equal to 32 weeks' gestation
Authors: Al-Mouqdad Mountasser , Abdelrahim Adli , Alodhaidan Nabeel Abdullah , Sumaily Haider Hussein , Khalil Thanaa Mustafa , Asfour Yasmeen , Asfour Suzan Suhail
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND:

Premature non-Saudi infants comprise a significant proportion of neonatal intensive care unit admissions in Saudi Arabia. Any differences in antenatal care of mothers and neonatal outcomes compared with premature Saudi infants are unreported.

OBJECTIVE:

Assess antenatal care of mothers and neonatal outcomes among premature Saudi and non-Saudi infants, and investigate possible reasons for disparities.

DESIGN:

Retrospective cohort study.

SETTING:

Tertiary care center in Riyadh.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

All neonates of gestational age ≤32 weeks and birthweight <1500 g admitted from 2015 to 2019 were included.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

Antenatal care of mothers and rates of neonatal mortality and morbidity in premature Saudi and non-Saudi infants.

SAMPLE SIZE:

755 premature infants, 437 (57.9%) Saudi, 318 (42.1%) non-Saudi.

RESULTS:

Saudi mothers received more antenatal steroids and were more likely to have gestational diabetes mellitus (
P
=.01 and .03, respectively). Non-Saudi mothers were more likely to have pregnancy-induced hypertension (
P
=.01). Non-Saudi infants had significantly higher rates of intraventricular hemorrhage, patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary hemorrhage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and necrotizing enterocolitis compared with Saudi infants (
P
=.03, <.001, .04, .002, and <.001, respectively). There were no significant differences in mortality rate, early-onset sepsis, and late-onset sepsis between Saudi and non-Saudi infants (
P
=.81, .81, and .12, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:

Disparities exist in the antenatal care of Saudi and non-Saudi women and in the neonatal morbidities of their premature infants. There was no difference in the neonatal mortality rate. More quality improvement initiatives are required to reduce differences in antenatal and neonatal outcomes.

LIMITATIONS:

Retrospective, socioeconomic disparities not identified.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

None.
Reframing widening participation towards the community: a realist evaluation
Authors: Formby Adam , Woodhouse Anna , Basham Jemma
Published: August 2020

This article draws on an evaluation of Go Higher West Yorkshire (GHWY) Uni Connect – an initiative by the Office for Students (OfS) to reduce educational inequalities through collaborative widening participation (WP) outreach across West Yorkshire. It contributes to wider debates
on widening participation policy through demonstrating how Higher Education Progression Officers (HEPOs) normalised 'progression' based on community and learners' needs. We deploy realist evaluation to examine the role of HEPOs in a range of educational contexts where young people historically
do not progress on to higher education (HE) at the same rates as their peers when GCSE results are taken into account. While there are complexities around the introduction of WP resources in such communities, the article highlights the importance of contextualised WP, and offers a new model
of community-focused WP that incorporates learners' needs, educational institutions and the wider community space in which they reside.
Vom Integrationsgesetz zum Migrationspaket – Zum „doppelten“ neuen Stellenwert der beruflichen Ausbildung für die deutsche Migrations- und Integrationspolitik
Authors: Kolb Holger
Published: August 2020

Im Zentrum des Beitrages steht der Bedeutungsgewinn der beruflichen Ausbildung sowohl im Bereich der deutschen Migrations- und Integrationspolitik. Besonders eingegangen wird dabei auf die berufliche Ausbildung als zentrales Instrument der Regularisierung des Aufenthalts ausreisepflichtiger Personen.
Ausbildungs- und Sprachförderung für Ausländer*innen: Das Ausländerbeschäftigungsförderungsgesetz als Kompromiss zwischen Sozial- und Ordnungspolitik
Authors: Fincke Gunilla , Polduwe Christiane
Published: August 2020

Im Rahmen des Migrationspakets stritten Sozial- und Innenpolitiker über den Zugang zur Ausbildungs- und Sprachförderung des Bundes. Der Artikel beschreibt die Veränderungen durch das Ausländerbeschäftigungsförderungsgesetz für eine frühzeitige Ausbildungs- und Sprachförderung von Ausländer*innen.
Moral und Lastenteilung in der Klimakrise – die Klimadebatte
Authors: Porschke Alexander
Published: August 2020

Die öffentliche Debatte um die Klimakrise wird über weite Strecken moralisch aufgeladen mit hoher Emotionalität geführt. Das kann für die Entwicklung genereller Handlungsbereitschaft streckenweise funktional sein, führt aber in der Übertreibung zu erheblichen Risiken. Beim »Wie« von Maßnahmen gegen die Klimakrise kommt es demgegenüber mehr auf vernünftige Aushandlungsprozesse für eine gerechte Lastenteilung an, für die es auch Vorbilder in unserer Gesellschaft gibt. Die Ergebnisse gesellschaftlicher Aushandlungsprozesse und öffentlicher Stimmungen fließen in politische Entscheidungen ein, so dass es sich lohnt, auf sie Einfluss zu nehmen. Für unser Verhalten als verantwortungsbewusste und politische Einzelpersonen bietet sich deshalb ein Dreiklang aus klimabewussteren Entscheidungen, Kampf für gute Regelungen und Kompensation verbliebener Belastungen an.
Kritische Überlegungen für die Entwicklung der Mediation
Authors: Redlich Alexander
Published: August 2020

Aus guten Gründen bemüht sich die Wissenschaft um wertneutrale Konzepte. Denn die menschliche Sehnsucht nach Konzepten, die kognitive Sicherheit und allgemeingültige Richtigkeit statt Zweifel, zwiespältige Gefühle und Ambivalenzen versprechen, und der sprachliche Drang, viele Begriffe mit einer mehr oder wen ger starken - positiven oder negativen - Wertung zu versehen, führen dazu, die Wahrheit den menschlichen Werten und Wünschen anzupassen. Sicherheitsvermittelnde Konzepte liefern uns als Wert- und Fehlhaltungen wichtige Bausteine für unsere soziale Identität sowie die normativen Orientierungen, die wir benötigen, um uns in der jeweiligen Sprachgemeinschaft sozialkonform verhalten zu können; und zwar weitgehend intuitiv ohne großes Nachdenken. Über die Zustimmung zu den Werten unserer Bezugsgruppen und die Ablehnung der Fehlhaltungen sichern wir unser soziale Mitgliedschaft: Wir gehören dazu. Das Konzept der Mediation mit ihren im Mediationsgesetz verankerten Werthaltungen der Eigenverantwortlichkeit und Freiwilligkeit der Konfliktparteien sowie Vertraulichkeit, Neutralität, Unabhängigkeit und Fairness der Mediationsfachkräfte liefert diese Wertorientierung. Diese Werte ziehen viele Menschen an. Die mit Mediation ebenfalls hoch bewerteten Konzepte wie ›Hilfe‹, ›Konsens‹, ›Gemeinsamkeit‹ und ›Streitbeilegung‹ steigern diese Anziehungskraft. Mediation gilt als erfolgreiche Form kommunikativer Konfliktbewältigung ohne Rückgriff auf staatliche Institutionen. Anders als die dem Gesetz verpflichteten Richter*innen, die die grundsätzliche Konflikthaftigkeit der Kontrahent*innen als gegeben sehen, helfen Mediator*innen zwischen den sich ihnen anvertrauenden Konfliktparteien dauerhafte Konfliktlösungen herzustellen und zu sichern - und damit zugleich den Frieden in ihrem sozialen Umfeld zu fördern. Dazu dient die sozio-emotionale Methodik der Vertrauen schaffenden, Emotionen kanalisierenden und der kommunikativen Vernunft folgenden Mediationsansätze. Diese hoch anerkannte kognitiv, emotional und sozial orientierte Konsensarbeit macht es allerdings den Konfliktparteien schwer, eine Mediation abzulehnen; und zwar auch denen, die gute Gründe und gerechtfertigte Ansprüche auf ihrer Seite haben mögen. Wer will schon als Konsens-Verweigerer eines an zentralen Werten so reichen Verfahrens dastehen, zumal ein Nicht-Mitmachen bei einem potenziell nachfolgenden Gerichtsverfahren womöglich die eigenen Chancen mindert. Bei so werthaltigen Konnotationen besteht die Gefahr, kritische Aspekte der Mediation aus dem Blick zu verlieren und damit ihre Stagnation zu fördern. Um dem entgegen zu wirken und durch konstruktive Kritik zur fruchtbaren Wei- terentwicklung der Mediation beizutragen, wurde Mediation schon immer differenzierenden Betrachtungen unterzogen (z.B. Montada/Kals 2007, 44ff ). Wir skizzieren hier einige, relativ häufig genannte Kritikpunkte, um den anderen Beiträgen in diesem Fokus der Konflikt-Dynamik den Boden zu bereiten.
Mediation in Wirtschaftsstreitigkeiten – Anmerkungen aus der anwaltlichen Praxis
Authors: Pörnbacher Karl
Published: August 2020

Für Unternehmen wird das professionelle Management von Konflikten immer wichtiger. Mediation kann ein wichtiger Bestandteil eines derartigen Konfliktlösungsmanagements sein. In vielen Fällen lassen sich dadurch langwierige Prozesse vor Gerichten oder Schiedsgerichten vermeiden. Gerade in den durch die Corona-Krise zu erwartenden komplexen kommerziellen und rechtlichen Konflikten könnte ihr eine wichtige Rolle zukommen. Allerdings ist nicht jede Mediation per se positiv. Nicht alle durch Mediation erzielten Kompromisse stellen automatisch gute Ergebnisse dar. Deswegen benötigen Mediationen neben sehr guten Mediator*innen auch eine professionelle Vorbereitung und aktive Teilnahme der Parteien, die maßgeblich zum Erfolg eines Mediationsverfahrens beitragen können und müssen.
Wenn »Rose« der Name der Rose ist, wessen Name ist dann »Mediation«?
Authors: von Sinner Alex
Published: August 2020

Zeitgenössischen Begriffsbestimmungen von »Mediation« fehlt die historische Tiefe. Schon vor Jahrhunderten als

»Mediatoren« bezeichnete Friedensstifter konnten auf ein viel breiteres Repertoire von Ressourcen zurückgreifen, als heute diskutiert werden. In ihrer mehrheitlich christlichen Kultur gehörte bereits die Bezeichnung »Mediator« selbst zu diesen Ressourcen, die sie von Jesus Christus, dem in den Worten des Neuen Testaments einzigen »Mediator« zwischen Gott und den Menschen, übernommen hatten. Es lässt sich zeigen, dass der Erfolg von »Mediatoren« wesentlich davon abhing, ob sie entweder die Möglichkeit hatten, eigene Machtmittel einzusetzen, oder ob sie stattdessen auf einen institutionellen Rahmen zurückgreifen konnten, der ihnen ihre Arbeit ermöglichte und diese trug.
Direitos humanos no Brasil democrático – trajetória e perspectivas: 1988/2019
Authors: Rolim Rivail Carvalho
Published: August 2020

No último meio século ocorreram profundas mudanças sociais nos principais países ocidentais, com reflexos significativos no Brasil. Essas transformações têm impactado a vivência dos direitos humanos nesses países e afetado a concretização de um estado democrático de direito em nosso país e, até mesmo, provocado alguns retrocessos. Este artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma reflexão sobre a trajetória e as perspectivas do ideário dos direitos humanos na sociedade brasileira para delinearmos melhor o que o tempo presente pode revelar de ruptura, de descontínuo e de início. Neste trabalho, voltaremos nossas atenções para os direitos civis, particularmente os direitos à vida, à integridade física, à justiça e o enfrentamento da impunidade dos crimes cometidos por agentes do Estado. Palavras-chave: Direitos Humanos. Violência. Repressão Policial
SYNTHESIS AND INVESTIGATION OF PROPERTIES OF NANODISPERSED SYSTEMS BASED ON VINYL ACETATE
Authors: Rodionova Raisa V.
Published: August 2020

A method of producing nanodispersed systems, stabilized by the solvation mechanism, which consists of carrying out the emulsion polymerization with surface-active monomers – alkyletoksimaleinata, is developed. The influence of temperature, the ratio of monomers, the hydrocarbon radical length and number of ethoxy functional groups on the rate of the process of obtaining nanodispersions is analyzed. The study of the properties of synthesized nanodispersed systems and aggregate storage stability showed that all indicators are within certain State Standards. The spectrophotometric analysis of nanodispersions showed that emulsion polymerization occurred in all cases. Kinetics of decomposition of the initiator in aqueous solutions in the presence of surface-active monomer showed that alkyletoksimaleinata activates the stage of initiation of obtaining nanodispersed systems. Alkyletoksimaleinata proved to be more effective than widely used in emulsion polymerization the emulsifier OP-10. It is established that nanodispersed systems are stable during storage. The use of nanodispersed systems, modified by surface-active monomers, makes it possible to exclude the stage of plasticization by low-molecular compounds that degrade the electrical properties of the product. This leads to a reduction in the material and energy costs, to an increase in the life of the product, since in this case there is no exudation of the plasticizer, which worsens the quality of the product and causes environmental pollution. It is established that the main role in the stability of nanodispersed systems, modified by surface-active monomers, plays the hydration of particles. The technology of production of modified nanodispersed systems based on vinyl acetate and surface-active monomer is developed. The technological scheme of production of modified nanodispersed systems is arranged, the binding of the main apparatus is made. Rational use of raw materials will allow to obtain a higher yield of the product. The nanodispersed systems, modified by surface-active monomers, can be used in all areas where systems with conventional emulsifiers are used.
INLET TEMPERATURE INFLUENCE ON ISOTHERMAL GAS CLEANING FROM MONO-IMPURITIES BY FIXED LAYER OF ADSORBENT
Authors: Filimonova Olga N. , Vikulin Andrey S. , Enyutina Marina V. , Ivanov Alexey V.
Published: August 2020

The influence of the temperature of the inlet gas containing mono-impurity was evaluated for the process of physical adsorption purification in a porous fixed bed of granular adsorbent. The theoretical analysis is based on the classical mathematical model of the isothermal adsorption dynamics in a porous stationary medium structurally made-up of the dispersed phase of solid particles, under the assumptions made: the gas to be purified contains a low-concentration mono-impurity, its motion in the adsorber is unidirectional, and the levelling effect of the velocity profile in the porous cross section environment allowed to adopt the hydrodynamic regime of plug flow; axial mixing in the gas flow  is negligible; the adsorption heat is negligible; the layer porosity is uniform; adsorption rate is determined by the sorption kinetics equation with an isotherm, obeying Henry's law. An initial-boundary-value problem is formulated for a system of first-order partial differential equations, which solution with respect to mono-impurity concentrations in the gas stream and adsorbent is obtained in an explicit analytical form using the one-sided integral Laplace transform. A comparative analysis of the computational experiment results with known experimental data showed that the proposed model with an assumptions system is quite adequate qualitatively and quantitatively describes the adsorption separation process. Using the example of an industrial adsorber functioning in the ZB-120/120 complex purification unit in a mobile gas production system, it is shown that the temperature increase by 10 K of inlet dried air after compression containing carbon dioxide reduces the working time in the adsorption stage by 45%. It has been established that the temperature change in the gas inlet flow has a significant effect on the adsorber efficiency and should be taken into account when identifying the overall characteristics of the complex cleaning unit.
Opioid Use in the Postpartum Period: Are We Prescribing Too Much?
Authors: Prentice Danielle , Berry Amanda , Stewart Linzi , Wilkins Heather , Ural Serdar , Deiter Raymond
Published: August 2020

Context

The first exposure to opioids for many women of reproductive age follows childbirth. Current data show a significant correlation between the number of days supplied and continued use/abuse of opioids. The number of women with opioid dependency in pregnancy is steadily increasing, and opioid use is directly linked to an increase in maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. However, there are no clear opioid-prescribing guidelines for the postpartum period.

Objective

To compare the number of opioid pills prescribed with the number used by patients in the postpartum period.

Methods

Patients were recruited to this pilot study at the time of admission to the labor and delivery unit at a community hospital in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; 84 patients gave informed consent to participate. Medical records were reviewed to determine the number of opioids prescribed. Phone surveys were conducted 4 to 6 weeks after discharge to identify the number of opioids used during the postpartum period. Welch t test was used to determine P values.

Results

After exclusion criteria were applied, records of 23 patients with vaginal deliveries and 14 patients with cesarean sections were included in the study. Patients who were prescribed opioids after a vaginal delivery were prescribed significantly more pills than were used (P<.001); a mean of 10 opioid pills per patient remained unused. Patients prescribed opioids after cesarean section were also often prescribed more opioid pills than used (P<.05); a mean of 7.5 opioid pills per patient remained unused. Of 37 patients, only 2 disposed of unused opioid pills.

Conclusion

The data in this study show a clear example of overprescribing opioids after vaginal and cesarean deliveries leading to increased opioid pill availability within the community.
Recent population expansion of longtail tunaThunnus tonggol(Bleeker, 1851) inferred from the mitochondrial DNA markers
Authors: Syahida Kasim Noorhani , Mat Jaafar Tun Nurul Aimi , Mat Piah Rumeaida , Mohd Arshaad Wahidah , Mohd Nor Siti Azizah , Habib Ahasan , Abd. Ghaffar Mazlan , Sung Yeong Yik , Danish-Daniel Muhd , Tan Min Pau
Published: August 2020

The population genetic diversity and demographic history of the longtail tunaThunnus tonggolin Malaysian waters was investigated using mitochondrial DNA D-loop and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (ND5). A total of 203 (D-loop) and 208 (ND5) individuals ofT. tonggolwere sampled from 11 localities around the Malaysian coastal waters. Low genetic differentiation between populations was found, possibly due to the past demographic history, dispersal potential during egg and larval stages, seasonal migration in adults, and lack of geographical barriers. The gene trees, constructed based on the maximum likelihood method, revealed a single panmictic population with unsupported internal clades, indicating an absence of structure among the populations studied. Analysis on population pairwise comparison ФSTsuggested the absence of limited gene flow among study sites. Taken all together, high haplotype diversity (D-loop = 0.989–1.000; ND5 = 0.848–0.965), coupled with a low level of nucleotide diversity (D-loop = 0.019–0.025; ND5 = 0.0017–0.003), “star-like” haplotype network, and unimodal mismatch distribution, suggests a recent population expansion for populations ofT. tonggolin Malaysia. Furthermore, neutrality and goodness of fit tests supported the signature of a relatively recent population expansion during the Pleistocene epoch. To provide additional insight into the phylogeographic pattern of the species within the Indo-Pacific Ocean, we included haplotypes from GenBank and a few samples from Taiwan. Preliminary analyses suggest a more complex genetic demarcation of the species than an explicit Indian Ocean versus Pacific Ocean delineation.
Riverine people’s perceptions on health care concerning the family health strategy
Authors: Silva Francisco Lucas Sales Dressler , Machado Thyago Douglas Pereira , Rodrigues Ivaneide Leal Ataíde , Nogueira Laura Maria Vidal , Brasil Gisele de Brito
Published: August 2020

Objetivos: Identificar a percepção de usuários ribeirinhos sobre a atenção à saúde ofertada no arquipélago do Combú e Discutir se essa atenção considera as particularidades socioculturais dessa população. Método: Estudo qualitativo, descritivo, realizado com 26 ribeirinhos cadastrados na estratégia saúde da família da Ilha do Combú. As informações foram coletadas em agosto/setembro de 2017, por meio de entrevistas individuais e analisadas por análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: Mediante a análise organizaram-se duas categorias: A importância da atenção à saúde ofertada em uma Estratégia Saúde da Família Ribeirinha e A cultura no contexto da Atenção à Saúde para os ribeirinhos. Conclusão: Embora a atenção à saúde considere a peculiaridade local, a carência de profissionais e insumos, não estando em consonância com as políticas públicas é fator de associação com baixa qualidade no serviço, voltando-se a uma visão curativista sem um olhar ampliado das possibilidades de oferta de atenção à saúde.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Selective C−H Bond Functionalization of Quinolines
Authors: Dhiman Ankit K. , Thakur Ankita , Kumar Rakesh , Sharma Upendra
Published: August 2020

In the last two decades, rhodium‐based catalysts have been used extensively for the sp2 and sp3 C−H bond activation/functionalization of various arenes, heteroarenes, and aliphatic compounds, respectively. For quinoline functionalization rhodium has been used significantly as compared to other transition metals such as cobalt, copper, ruthenium, palladium and iridium. In this Minireview the progress on rhodium‐catalyzed selective functionalization of quinoline N‐oxides and 8‐methylquinolines via sp2 and sp3 C−H bond activation, respectively have been highlighted. The main focus is on reaction mechanism, substrate scope, and positional selectivity.
Pd‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Diastereoselective Heck Cyclization to Access Bicyclo[3.2.1]octanone Ring Systems
Authors: Li Bo , Zhang Guiming , Xu Tao
Published: August 2020

Bridged‐ring systems, especially the bicyclo[3.2.1]octanes, are widely found as key structural motifs in 6,7‐seco‐ent‐kaurane diterpenoids. In an effort directed towards the total synthesis of sculponeatin N, a Pd‐catalyzed regioselective reductive‐Heck cyclization was developed to access variously substituted bicyclo[3.2.1]octan‐2‐ones, with isolated yields up to 94 %, starting from commercially available anisole derivatives. The reactions displayed complementary merits to classical radical‐mediated pathway in both avoiding stoichiometric tin reagent and good compatibility towards alkyne/alkene bearing substrates.
Main Group Metal‐Mediated Transformations of Imines
Authors: Orr Samantha A. , Andrews Philip C. , Blair Victoria L.
Published: August 2020

Main‐group‐metal‐mediated transformations of imines have earned a valued place in the synthetic chemist's toolbox. Their versatility allows the simple preparation of various nitrogen containing compounds. This review will outline the early discoveries including metallation, addition/cyclisation and metathesis pathways, followed by the modern‐day use of imines in synthetic methodology. Recent advances in imine C−F activation protocols are discussed, alongside revisiting “classic” imine reactivity from a sustainable perspective. Developments in catalytic methods for hydroelementation of imines have been reviewed, highlighting the importance of s‐block metals in the catalytic arena. Whilst stoichiometric transformations in alternative reaction media such as deep eutectic solvents or water have been summarised. The incorporation of imines into flow chemistry has received recent attention and is summarised within.
Case for staged thyroidectomy
Authors: Ronen Ohad , Robbins K. Thomas , Olsen Kerry D. , Shaha Ashok R. , Randolph Gregory W. , Nixon Iain J. , Zafereo Mark E. , Hartl Dana M. , Kowalski Luiz P. , Rodrigo Juan P. , Coca‐Pelaz Andrés , Mäkitie Antti A. , Vander Poorten Vincent , Sanabria Alvaro , Angelos Peter , Rinaldo Alessandra , Ferlito Alfio
Published: August 2020

Recent modifications in the management of well‐differentiated thyroid cancer have resulted in significant alterations in clinical approach. Utilizing a series of preoperative and postoperative risk factors involving both the patient and the disease pathology, we offer the term “staged thyroidectomy” to help organize these risk factors for patients and the endocrine team to optimize management. This approach is intended to incorporate our latest nuanced understanding of certain endocrine pathology and may serve to optimize patient outcomes.
Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica
Authors: Misiorowski Waldemar , Bilezikian John P
Published: August 2020

Osteitis fibrosa cystica is a rare presentation of both primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism. In this perspective, we provide a historical backdrop to this form of parathyroid disease and contend that this clinical presentation of excess parathyroid hormone, particularly in primary hyperparathyroidism, is still seen today. In view of its rarity and the way it typically presents, the diagnosis of metastatic cancer is often the first diagnostic impression. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Sunitinib induces primary ectopic endometrial cell apoptosis through up‐regulation of STAT1 in vitro
Authors: Li Jiajie , Abudula Maidinaimu , Fan Xiaodan , Wang Furong , Chen Yichen , Liu Liping
Published: August 2020

Background

Endometriosis (EMS) is a prevalent gynecological condition characterized by the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. This study aimed to clarify the targeted therapeutic effect of sunitinib in an endometriosis in vitro experiment.

Methods

Primary culture of ectopic endometrial cells and normal endometrial cells. Six tumor targeting drugs were selected to screen. MTT was used to determine the IC50, flow cytometry, and DAPI staining of the targeted drugs, in order to determine the apoptosis. The differential proteins after seeding were analyzed by protein spectrum, the correlation between the specific protein and cell apoptosis was determined by small molecule interference, and the expression of each related protein was detected by Western blot. Immunohistochemistry and ELISA were used to detect the expression of p‐PDGFR and p‐STAT1 in clinical samples, and the correlation between p‐STAT1 expression and ectopic focal size was analyzed by SPSS 19.

Results

Through the drug screening, it was found that sunitinib has a significant inhibitory effect on ectopic endometrial cells. It was determined that the IC50 of sunitinib on ectopic stromal endometrial cells was 3.32 μM, while the IC50 on normal endometrium was 7.9 μM. Meanwhile, the flow cytometry and DAPI nuclear dye that took out sunitinib had an inhibition effect on the ectopic endometrium at a concentration of 4 μM. Protein spectrum analysis was conducted on ectopic intimal cells after sunitinib treatment, and it was found that STAT1 is specifically expressed in ectopic endometrial cells. In vitro, and through fludarabine interference, it was revealed that sunitinib specifically inhibited the phosphorylation site Tyr751 of PDGFR, while the expression of STAT1, p‐STAT1, and caspase‐3 was significantly upregulated, and the expression of STAT1 and p‐STAT1 was positively correlated with the expression of caspase‐3. Finally, the expression of p‐PDGFR and p‐STAT1 in ectopic foal tissues was both higher than that in normal endometrium, and p‐STAT1 expression was positively with ectopic focal size.

Conclusion

The in vitro experiments revealed that sunitinib could upregulate the expression of STAT1 by inhibiting the phosphorylation site Tyr751 of PDGFR, thereby specifically inducing the apoptosis of the primary heterotopic mesenchymal endometrium.