bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMANFAATAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN 4.0 PADA MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS HAMZANWADI
Authors: Ismatulloh Kholida , Kholisho Yosi Nur , Arianti Baiq Desi Dwi , Wirasamita Rasyid Hardi
Published: March 2023

Era revolusi industri 4.0 merupakan era dimana perubahan semua sistem manual menjadi sistem digital. Teknologi memegang peranan penting dalam pembelajaran di era revolusi industri 4.0. Pemanfaatan teknologi pembelajaran yang mana tidak terbatas oleh ruang dan waktu selain itu juga pembelajaran menjadi lebih efektif dan efisien dengan menggunakan berbagai macam sistem teknologi dan informasi. Tujuan penelitan ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pemanfaatan teknologi dan informasi dalam pembelajaran era revolusi industri 4.0. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang mana tidak ada penilaian berbentuk angka sebagai tolak ukur kesuksesan dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada mahasiswa pendidikan sosiologi Universitas Hamzanwadi. Hasil wawancara secara daring dengan beberapa mahasiswa sosiologi menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan teknologi dan informasi di era revolusi industri 4.0 sangat penting dan memudahkan dalam menggali informasi dan ilmu pengetahuan. Teknologi dan informasi sebagai salah satu media pembelajaran yang dapat menjadi sumber utama dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Sebagian besar mahasiswa memanfaatkan teknologi dan informasi adalah untuk komunikasi, hiburan dan pembelajaran. Dalam komunikasi mahasiswa dapat memanfaatkan berbagai aplikasi dalam menjalin komunikasi dengan orang lain.Untuk hiburan, mahasiswa biasanya menggunakan teknologi dan informasi untuk bermain berbagai macam game dan menonton youtobe yang mana didalamnya terdapat drama, kuliner, dan musik. Dalam pembelajaran mahasiswa dapat menggunakan berbagai aplikasi pembelajaran yang dapat memudahkan kegiatan pembelajaran dan memeperluas pengetahuan.
PERAN MAHASISWA KULIAH KERJA NYATA (KKN) DALAM BIDANG PENDIDIKAN SEBAGAI WUJUD PENGABDIAN DI DESA AIR TERJUN
Authors: Megawati Megawati , Nurfitri Nurfitri
Published: March 2023

Bentuk dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa adalah kuliah kerja nyata (KKN). Dalam usaha untuk mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa maka salah satu kegiatan yang perlu dilakukan oleh mahasiswa KKN adalah kegiatan dalam bidang pendidikan. Untuk itu dilakukan kegiatan penyuluhan dengan tujuan agar mahasiswa KKN mampu menyusun program-program kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat pada aspek pendidikan. Kegiatan penyuluhan yang dilaksanakan oleh supervisor lapangan dan dosen STIA Nusantara Sakti Sungai Penuh kepada Masasiswa KKN di Desa Air Terjun dengan judul “Peran Mahasiswa Kuliah Kerja Nyata Dalam Bidang Pendidikan Sebagai Wujud Pengabdian di Desa”. Kegiatan ini dapat terlaksana dengan baik dan menghasilkan beberapa program kegiatan mahasiswa KKN dalam bidang Pendidikan yaitu mengajar les Bahasa Indonesia, les Bahasa Inggiris, Les Matematika, mengaktifkan kembali pengajian, serta membantu guru mengajar di PAUD. Kegiatan ini menyasar murid Sekolah Dasar yang juga melibatkan orang tua, guru, pemerintah desa, dan masyarakat desa Air Terjun.
PELATIHAN PENYUSUNAN LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK BAGI MAHASISWA PRODI PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA STKIP MELAWI
Authors: Saputri Linda Dwi , Tirsa Aprima , Mutaqin Nur Sulistyo
Published: March 2023

Lembar kerja peserta didik (LKPD) sangat mendukung tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran yang telah dirumuskan. Namun, berdasarkan evaluasi dalam  proses pembelajaran, sebagian besar mahasiswa prodi Matematika belum paham menyusun LKPD. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan peserta dalam merancang LKPD yang baik. Kegiatan dilaksanakan dengan tahapan sebagai berikut: (1) penulisan LKPD (2)) praktik penulisan LKPD. Metode yang dilaksanakan dalam pengabdian ini, yaitu metode ceramah, metode tanya jawab,  metode diskusi, dan praktek langsung dalam penyusunan LKPD. Hasil pelatihan menunjukan pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap lembar kerja peserta didik dengan kategori baik, Terlihat dari hasil penyusunan lembar kerja peserta didiknya terdapat 7 orang dari 10 mahasiswa yang mendapatkan skor tertinggi. Terlihat Peserta pelatihan mampu merancang LKPD yang sesuai dengan tujuan pembelajaran yang telah dirancang karena mereka mengalami proses pelatihan dengan saling berdiskusi berdasarkan penjelasan dan contoh yang diberikan.
Effects of Physical Therapy on Pelvic Floor Dysfunction Among Women; A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ghani Hafiza Muriam , Younas Madiha , Mustafa Maria , Aslam Mahreen , Dastgir Hamza , Rafique Hira
Published: March 2023

Background: Pelvic floor dysfunction is the inability to relax and integrate the pelvic muscles appropriately. Constipation, bladder/bowel incontinence, and frequent bladder urges are the common symptoms. Objective: To determine the effects of physical therapy on pelvic floor dysfunction among women. Methods: It was a randomized controlled trial conducted between February to December 2021. About 72 patients were included using convenient sampling and they were equally divided into an experimental group receiving pelvic floor physical therapy and a control group receiving routine care. The woman aged between 18 to 60 years having pelvic floor dysfunction were included in the trial. Patients with pelvic organ prolapse more than stage II, urinary or vaginal tract infections and inability to understand or follow instructions were excluded. The assessment was made at baseline and after 4th week of intervention. Variables like age, body mass index and parity were presented as mean and standard deviation. The normality of the data was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The difference between pre and post-treatment readings was calculated using paired sample t-test for this parametric data. Statistical significance was set at p≤0.05. Results: The demographics including age, body mass index and parity were found to be 49.31 (12.43%), 25.71(4.56%) and 2.6(0.81%) in the pelvic floor physical therapy group and 51.23 (9.37%), 26.33(5.32%) and 2.2(93%) in the control group respectively, without any significant difference (p-value>0.05). After treatment at the 4th-week assessment, peak perineometer values (cmH2O) were found to be 6.4(5.8) in the experimental group versus 10.3(6.7) in the control group, pelvic floor distress inventory short form 27.43(17.6) versus 42.8(31.8) and short form of pelvic floor impact questionnaire 9.86(4.39) versus 16.87(6.78), with a significant difference in favor of physical therapy group (p-value>0.05). Conclusion: The study concluded that pelvic floor physical therapy is significantly better as compared to the control group for relieving pelvic floor dysfunction including its control, coordination and distress.
Dsup
Authors: Moraes Vitor Nolasco de Moraes , Contiliani Danyel Fernandes , Campos Pereira Tiago
Published: March 2023

Tardígrados são diminutos animais capazes de façanhas hercúleas, tais como tolerar temperaturas próximas ao zero absoluto, dessecação extrema, vácuo e radiação. Pesquisadores japoneses identificaram um gene exclusivo de tardígrados denominado Dsup. A proteína Dsup pode interagir com o DNA em algumas situações, além de protegê-lo contra os efeitos nocivos da luz ultravioleta e raios-X. Este artigo descreve o que já se sabe sobre o gene Dsupe os mecanismos por meio dos quais a proteína Dsup é capaz de promover radioproteção quando expressa em diferentes espécies.
Heather Dewey-Hagborg
Authors: Cezar-de-Mello Paula Fernandes Tavares
Published: March 2023

Heather Dewey-Hagborg é uma artista contemporânea estadunidense que desenvolve obras transdisciplinares por meio da tecnologia e da ciência. A artista ganhou a atenção dos críticos e da mídia a partir da polêmica exposição intitulada Stranger Visions (2012 – 2013), obra construída a partir do DNA presente em artefatos recolhidos pela artista nas ruas de Nova Iorque. Unhas, cabelos, chicletes mascados e bitucas de cigarro serviram de fonte para obtenção do material genético deixado por desconhecidos (stranger) com a finalidade de reconstruir seus respectivos rostos (visions) impressos em 3D (figura). Essa obra deu início a uma série de outros projetos de bioarte, tendo o DNA como fonte problematizadora e fio condutor de questionamentos e intersecções que reúnem aspectos das artes, genética e biopolítica.
Post-TB bronchiectasis: from pathogenesis to rehabilitation
Authors: Martinez-Garcia M. A. , Guan W-J. , de-la-Rosa D. , Athanazio R. , Oscullo G. , Shi M-X. , Pujal-Montaña P. , Endlich B. N. , Tiberi S. , Centis R. , Migliori G. B.
Published: March 2023

The destruction of lung parenchyma caused by TB can result in pulmonary sequelae that are classified as bronchiectasis due to traction (radiological sequelae), and bronchiectasis persisting with an inflammatory bronchial component and opportunistic bronchial infection. There is a lack
of studies that comprehensively analyse whether post-TB bronchiectasis differs in clinical, prognostic or therapeutic aspects from bronchiectasis arising from other aetiologies. However, it has been noted that post-TB bronchiectasis tends to appear more frequently in the upper lung lobes.
In many countries, TB is the most frequent known cause of bronchiectasis, but there is currently no targeted management of bronchiectasis due to TB as opposed to other aetiologies. It is imperative to first prevent TB, and when that fails to provide early diagnosis and adequate treatment for
TB disease. In addition, efforts should be made to limit additional lung insults such as tobacco use and provide management of post TB bronchiectasis to minimise further pulmonary sequelae. The objective of this minireview was to provide an update on post-TB bronchiectasis, its definition,
epidemiological data, pathophysiology, and clinical, diagnosis and therapeutic aspects.
Influence of annealing temperature on sensing properties of TIOx thin films prepared by magnetron sputtering
Authors: Kapuścik Paulina , Mańkowska Ewa , Wojcieszak Damian
Published: March 2023

This work describes the influence of the annealing temperature on the optical and surfaceproperties of non-stoichiometric titanium oxide (TiOx) thin films. The results were related to theinvestigation of the sensing response toward H2 gas. The samples were prepared by the magnetronsputtering method using Ar:O2 plasma with low oxygen content (20% and 30%). An increase in theamount of oxygen in the gas mixture supplied to the magnetron led to a decrease in the deposition rate.The thickness of the deposited thin films, determined by the use of an optical profiler, was found tobe 600 nm and 200 nm, respectively. The coatings were then annealed in an ambient air atmosphereat a temperature in the range from 100C to 800C. Additionally, the roughness of the coating surfacewas measured. To investigate the optical properties of the thin films, transmission and reflection spectrawere measured, and parameters such as transmission coefficient, cutoff wavelength value, and opticalband gap value were determined as functions of the annealing temperature. The sensing propertiesof the thin films were characterised on the basis of changes in a resistance value as a response to amix of Ar:3.5% H2. It was found that the oxidation of the thin films has a key influence not only onthe response time of the TiOx thin films, but also on the character of the response.Keywords: materials engineering, titanium oxides, thin films, magnetron sputtering, optical properties,gas sensing properties
Optical elements for the extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray range
Authors: Wardzińska Martyna , Wachulak Przemysław
Published: March 2023

The article presents the physical basis and overview of optical elements for the rangeincluding extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and soft X-ray (SXR). The first chapter contains an introductionto the subject under review and physical fundamentals. The second chapter presents the basics ofoptics for the EUV/SXR range, along with highlighting its advantages and disadvantages. The thirdchapter discusses in detail optical components such as optical filters, mirrors (including multilayers),diffraction gratings, Fresnel zone plates, and hybrid solutions. The fourth chapter presents a wide rangeof applications of EUV/SXR optics. The final chapter summarises the information presented earlier.Keywords: automation, electronic and electrical engineering, soft X-rays, extreme ultraviolet, opticalelements, optical filters, multilayer mirrors, diffraction gratings, Fresnel zone plates
Assessing the Usefulness of Testing Standing Flexion in the Posterior Superior Iliac Spines for Functional Diagnostics of the Sacroiliac Joints
Authors: Szajkowski Sebastian , Pasek Jarosław , Dwornik Michał , Marcinkiewicz Tomasz , Cieślar Grzegorz
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Sacroiliac joint dysfunctions are common among patients visiting physiotherapy offices. The main symptom of these dysfunctions is pain in the lumbosacral region of the spine. Taking the frequency of its occurrence into account, it is important to conduct an appropriate diagnosis that enables the implementation of proper treatment.
Role of Renewable Energy Policies for Effective Climate Change Mitigation Actions in Tanzania
Authors: Ndaki Patrick M. , Kyaruzi Ladislaus , Kangalawe Richard Y.M.
Published: March 2023

Tanzania has the target of reducing greenhouse gas emissions between 30% and 35% by 2030. Renewable energy sources have potential to contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions while achieving sustainable development in Tanzania. This paper provides an overview of the public policies in the renewable energy sub-sector in Tanzania. Information on renewable energy, climate change, relevant policies and other related literature were gathered through electronic search and desk review. The retrieved data and information confirm and demonstrate that warming of the climate system is unequivocal due to human induced activities. We note also that renewable energy sources have potential to contribute about two-third of the global total primary energy carbon dioxide emission reduction. Renewable energy may have carbon dioxide savings of the range of global cumulative carbon dioxide from about 220 to 560 GtCO2 in the period of 2010 to 2050. In Tanzania, renewable energy policies would enable the country to contribute to the global goal of reduction of greenhouse gas emissions while achieving its sustainable development according to the national circumstances.

Keywords: Climate change mitigation, renewable energy, sustainable development, energy policies, Tanzania
Socio-economic Factors Affecting the Sustainability of Chololo Pits Technology in Semi-Arid Dodoma: The Case of Chamwino District, Tanzania
Authors: Ismail Zubeir , Kaswamila Abiud , Maro Fredy
Published: March 2023

Introduced in Tanzania by the World Agroforestry (ICRAF), chololo pits are a technology that help conserve moisture in the soil and improve soil fertility, hence increasing crop production and mitigate drought effects. However, socio-economic factors are increasingly affecting farmers’ practising chololo pits in the semi-arid Dodoma Region, hence the need to understand these factors that affect the sustainability of this technology is crucial. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to investigate the socio-economic factors affecting the sustainability of the chololo pits technology in the semi-arid Chamwino district, Dodoma region, in Tanzania. Data were collected through documentary review, household interviews, focus group discussions, key informant interviews and field observation. The findings indicate that the cost of labour for the construction of pits (92.1%, n=337), and land ownership (92.1%, n=337), were the major factors affecting the sustainability of the practice of chololo pits in the study area. Other minor economic factors scoring less than two digits were capital and household income; while social factors included group membership, sources of labour and education level. To enhance the sustainability of the practice, four strategies were suggested by stakeholders: use of improved seeds (75.7%), use of user-friendly pitting tools (65.5%), farmers’ capacity building (47.1%), and up-scaling the practice (24.8%).
Predictors of early seizures after first acute stroke
Authors: Malik Muhammad Adil  , Sumaira Nabi  , Maryam Khalil  , Zeeshan Munawar  , Nayab Aslam  , Zaid Waqar
Published: March 2023

Background and objective:

There is a lack of local data regarding the frequency and predictors of early seizures after stroke. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of early seizures after stroke and identify the predictors which lead to them after first acute stroke.

Methods:

This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Neurology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad from October 2021 to June 2022.  A total of 310 consecutive eligible patients of acute stroke were recruited. Key inclusion criteria included any patient of >20 years of age with confirmed diagnosis of stroke on imaging, non-traumatic, with no history of seizures in past. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 23.0.

Results:

The mean age of patients in the seizures group was 48.40 ± 20.9 years. Hypertension was the most common co-morbid present in 225 (76.5%) patients. Early seizures were found in 52 (16.8%) patients with 42 (80.76%) having seizures in first 24 hours of stroke (p value 0.001). On National Institute of Health Sciences Scale (NIHSS) score most patients 125 (40.3%) had moderate severity score i.e. score in between 7 to 25 (p value 0.05). Ischemic stroke was identified as the stroke variety with most of the early seizures i.e. 16 (30.76%) (p value 0.003).

Conclusion:

Early seizures were not infrequent after acute stroke (16.77%) in our study. Early seizures were associated with younger age, cortical region lesion, ischemic stroke, followed by cerebral venous thrombosis. Higher NIHSS score and greater disability was associated with increased incidence of early seizures.
Viewpoint: Are car park decks at risk of being overloaded by electric vehicles?
Authors: Whapples Chris
Published: March 2023

Ahead of the release of IStructE's upcoming Car park design guidance, Chris Whapples explores the challenge of accommodating bigger and heavier electric vehicles in both new and existing car parks.
Interview: Roy Fishwick
Authors: Russell Helena
Published: March 2023

Interest in reclaimed structural steel for construction is taking off in a big way. Helena Russell speaks to Roy Fishwick of Cleveland Steel & Tubes to find out why, and what engineers need to think about when using it.
DETERMINAN PENGANGGURAN DI INDONESIA: PENDEKATAN MODEL DINAMIS
Authors: Nisa Vania Ainun , Sugiharti Rr. Retno
Published: March 2023

Pengangguran merupakan salah satu masalah perekonomian mendasar di Indonesia. Keempat variabel tersebut bersumber dari BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik) dan dihimpun menjadi data time series. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis Error Correction Model (ECM) untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari variabel jangka pendek dan jangka panjang. Kemudian langkah terakhir dilanjutkan dengan uji asumsi klasik agar data dapat diintepretasi tanpa terkena masalah dan hasil memenuhi persyaratan Best Linier Unbiased Estimator (Blue). Sebenarnya pembangunanan ekonomi cukup banyak menciptakan lapangan pekerjaan baru di Indonesia, yang mampu menurunkan tingkat pengangguran secara nasional. Seperti pada tahun 2015-2019 ketika terjadi revolusi industri 4.0 dimana banyak investasi asing maupun dalam negeri di masa pembangunan ekonomi.  Akan tetapi membludaknya angkatan kerja masih tidak seimbang dengan lapangan pekerjaan yang tersedia. Kesenjangan penduduk dan tidak meratanya distribusi pendapatan merupakan dampak yang sangat terlihat pada pertumbuhan ekonomi yang lambat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui korelasi antara GDP, APS, Kesempatan Kerja terhadap pengangguran di Indonesia pada tahun 1990-2019. Kemudian asumsi tersebut telah dijabarkan dalam penelitian ini bahwa Gross Domestic Bruto (GDP) menunjukkan hasil yang negatif pada jangka pendek dan hasil yang positif pada jangka panjang, keduanya tidak berpengaruh terhadap pengangguran. APS pada jangka pendek hasilnya negatif dan tidak berpengaruh terhadap pengangguran sedangkan pada jangka pendek hasilnya negatif tetapi berpengaruh terhadap pengangguran. Hasil hubungan variabel jangka pendek dan jangka panjang sama-sama negatif dan keduanya berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengangguran.
APLIKASI MENJADI MODEL PENGEMBANGAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN OLAHRAGA: Literature Review Form Processing Data
Authors: Aldiansyah Aldiansyah , Irawan Muhammad Farid , Rahmawati Nurul , Nugraha Ganjar , Femia Femia
Published: March 2023

Pembelajaran olahraga menggunakan model pengembangan seperti aplikasi, sangat memberikan suatu keuntungan dalam hal menyampaikan materi dengan lebih praktis dan efektif. Selain itu, dapat meringankan suatu kegiatan aktivitas olahraga yang biasanya dilakukan di luar ruangan menjadi tetap di dalam ruangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, untuk mengetahui Aplikasi sebagai model dalam pembelajaran olahraga di era sekarang yang relevan dan banyak digunakan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu kualitatif berbentuk systematic review, yang nantinya akan mengkaji atau review sebuah jurnal yang sesuai dengan permasalahan, supaya menjadi bukti-bukti dan menjadi bahan pertimbangan untuk hasil dari penelitian ini. Kemudian akan berbentuk olah data dengan aspek dan kategori dalam analisis isi dari masing-masing jurnal, meliputi (1). Jenis penelitian, (2). Subjek penelitian, dan (3) hasil, yang nantinya akan mendapatkan hasil sesuai dengan 3 aspek yang ditentukan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan bahwa jenis penelitian yang paling banyak digunakan dalam model pengembangan yaitu R&D (Research and Development), kemudian subjek penelitian yang menjadi target dalam proses pembelajaran olahraga itu berlangsung, yaitu siswa/siswi Sekolah Menengah Atas. Dan model pengembangan yang efektif dan fleksibel pada pembelajaran olahraga di era sekarang ini yaitu aplikasi, yang mana sudah menjadi tujuan awal dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hal tersebut. Hasil tersebut sesuai dengan aspek dan kategori yang sudah ditentukan dengan mengolah data-data dari 24 jurnal yang dikaji.
PERSPEKTIF MASYARAKAT, PELAJAR, DAN ATLET MENGENAI PENTINGNYA PEREGANGAN
Authors: Azfa Priatna Kiki Alghifari , Hidayat Faqih , Fatonah Nasywa Nurul , Syabani Muhammad Akmal , Zulfiqor Zidan Muhammad , Fu’adin Ahmad
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini berisi tentang berbagai perspektif dari para partisipan mengenai pentingnya peregangan sebelum berolahraga. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui seberapa pentingnya peregangan bagi para partisipan dan apa saja yang dialami partisipan ketika berolahraga tanpa melakukan peregangan. Penelitian ini menggunkan Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif (Metode Survey) berupa Google Form/angket yang disebarkan melalui sosial media (Whatsapp, Instagram ataupun media sosial lainnya). Masyarakat, pelajar dan atlet yang menjadi objek dalam penelitian ini dengan latar belakang cabang olahraga yang berbeda dan rentan usia partisipan dari 16-35 tahun. Hasilnya mayoritas partisipan dengan persentase 95,2% menganggap bahwa peregangan itu sangat penting. Namun meskipun dianggap sangat penting, tak sedikit dari partisipan yang jarang dan bahkan tidak sama sekali melakukan peregangan sebelum berolahraga. Hasilnya cedera ringan sampai parah tak bisa dihindarkan oleh para partisipan. Selain cedera, para partisipan yang tidak melakukan peregangan juga mengalami ketidaknyamanan saat berolahraga dari mulai otot mudah lelah, mudah mengalami nyeri, otot kaku, detak jantung meningkat dan pernapasan tak teratur. Mayoritas partisipan melakukan peregangan dalam jangka waktu 5-10 menit.
Hydrodesulphurisation of Petroleum Coke
Authors: Ibrahim Hassan Al-Haj
Published: March 2023

Hydrodesulphurisation in a fluidized bed offers the most attractive process for the desulphurisation of petroleum coke. Results of coke hydrodesulphurisation clearly indicate that the rate of sulphur removal is greatest at about 1100 K. The hydrodesulphurisation process is particularly effective with cokes of high sulphur content and high ash and heavy metals content, as at temperatures less than 1100 K the adverse effects of high ash and heavy metals content on desulphurisation is largely avoided. The process leads in general to increased porosity, density and surface area and improved reactivity. These properties are dependent on the sulphur concentration. The greater the amount of sulphur removed, the greater the structural changes expected in the coke treated. The weight loss is less than 10%.
Nanotechnology to Transform the Current Educational System
Authors: Grewal Dalvinder Sngh
Published: March 2023

Change is the law of nature. Our education system has not changed over the ages and there is certainly a need to change this system. Nanotechnology may play a Steller role in the change of this system where the existing system will be taken over by a nanochip placed into the mind and then operated through BrainGate technology. All the knowledge will be in the form of nanochips and available to the responder all the time, he will not need to go to any educational institution since it is already procured. Work is already in developing nanochips that can be fitted into the brain and for getting the knowledge into the human mind. Even though could be converted into speakable /written form. This is the view presented in this paper.
The Thinking Paradigm of Judicial Proof
Authors: Fang Wenxiu
Published: March 2023

With the complexity of social relations, the traditional formal logical thinking cannot solve the hard cases. Inference to the best explanation, a formal logical model of evidential reasoning with proof standards, is applied to this task. The model instructs us to infer from the available evidence to the hypothesis, if the hypothesis correct, which can best explain that evidence. More narrowly, a number of plausible alternative explanations for evidence being observed at trial are generated. Then it enables legal decision-makers to evaluate evidential reasoning by comparing stories on either side of a case, selecting one as the best explanation of the evidence among them. This is a process of elimination. It happily combines falsification, inference and explanation. While traditional logical reasoning is a process of confirmation. Inference to the best explanation has been introduced to law by many scholars, so as to make up for the shortcomings of the logical thinking method. While the article concerns how to apply it in criminal case facts.
Albanian Doctors Through the Movie Lens
Authors: Vyshka Gentian
Published: March 2023

The medical profession has been surrounded from mixed feelings of admiration, mysticism, as well as of fear and refusal. Authors and enthusiastic directors have dedicated serials and movies to the physicians’ everyday work, in their ebbs and tides. Albanian cinema produced a score of titles dedicated to the medical profession, with some movies focusing on the physician as the principal role, and some others more peripherally. The physician as a movie character underwent serious changes in the way the directors and scripts defined it, and maybe even in the way the general audience perceived the same. Changes in this modeling of physician’s character were part of the maturation process of the Albanian cinematography that has otherwise been strongly politicized from scholars; this trend could as well, or mainly, be related to the intrinsic alterations of the Albanian society from the immediate post WWII, until the fall of the totalitarian regime.
Freudian Dream Theory, Celebrity Admiration, and Intuitive Thought
Authors: Williams Joshua L. , Serrano Carlota Cruces , McCarley Nancy G. , Roberts Jonathan E.
Published: March 2023

We sought to replicate and extend previous work to examine the relationship between individuals’ belief in four common dream perspectives, including the Freudian, celebrity admiration, and rational and experiential abilities. We administered a short dream theories questionnaire, the Celebrity Attitude Scale (CAS), and the Rational-Experiential Inventory (REI-40) to 122 university students. Key results indicate strong support for the Freudian perspective on dreams with individuals who support that perspective tending to operate more experientially rather than rationally. We did not discover strong relationships between the CAS and the dreams theories questionnaire nor the REI-40. Results are discussed in terms of how the current results fit in the recent empirical literature and how they forge new pathways for future research in the area of belief in pseudoscientific perspectives and parasocial relationships.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY, ALONE AND IN CONJUNCTION WITH CEFUROXIME
Authors: Naz Amna , Haider Sadia , Syed Muhammad Ali
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Occurrence of multidrug resistant microorganism is the result of irrational use of antibiotics. Recently essential oil, an important constituent of therapeutic and scented plant has been explored for their antimicrobial activity. Objectives: In this study, antibacterial activities of rosemary essential oil (REO) alone and also in conjunction with beta lactam antibiotic cefuroxime (CXM) were assessed. The purity of REO was checked by gas chromatography / mass spectrophotometry method (GC-MS). Methodology: By agar well diffusion method for REO and its diluents with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and tween 80, the zone of inhibition (ZOI) against four Gram positive bacterial strains of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis and three Gram negative bacterial strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1:2,1:10, 1:20, 1:40 and 1:50). E. coli as bacterial and DMSO as solvent were used as a control. Results: Antimicrobial activity was found to be highest against Staphylococcus aureus with ZOI 17.56mm and the lowest against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with ZOI 5.53 mm. The combination of REO and CXM indicated synergistic effects against E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia and Proteus mirabilis and antagonistic effect against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and indifferent effects against Bacillus subtilis and bacillus epidermidis based on fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) values. The t test was applied to FIC values that showed significant p value (< 0.5). Conclusion:  In conclusion, the antibacterial activity of the REO and CXM was enhanced when administered in combination, with the exception of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In future this study may lead the way to the development of new drug combinations and dosage forms for increased antimicrobial and a reduced resistance against common pathogens.
NANO-DRUG DESIGNING STRATEGIES AND TARGETED APPLICATIONS FOR CANCER TREATMENT
Authors: Noor Umar , Ahmed Toheed , Khalid Saliha , Khalid Maryam , Sharif Ammara , Noor Isra , Waheed Warda , Jamil Ishmal , Sameen Zafar Zainab , Kulsum Umme
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Recent medical improvements have not much of an influence on cancer patients' life expectancy throughout the world. Nano medicine is a cutting-edge topic in cancer therapy, with various well-tested techniques for delivering drugs. Objectives: Liposomes and other nanostructures are often used in therapeutic contexts and scientists in numerous countries are currently investigating polymer micelles. These structures will become more lucrative if they include chemicals that help with site-specific delivery and tailored release. The objective of the current review is to provide comprehensive information on nano-drugs. Methods: Liposomes, polymer micelles, and dendrites, among other well-known nanoparticle technologies, can be controlled and regulated to generate a more long-lasting and effective non-therapeutic modality. Occasionally, the term "multistage drug delivery" is used. This method, which employs a well-designed Nano-carrier, overcomes several biological barriers to medicine delivery. Results: Several multistage drug delivery system papers were reviewed for this study and their advantages were discussed with some pharmaceutical drug examples as well. Conclusions: We emphasize developments in nanoparticle design that overcome heterogeneous delivery barriers and contend that intelligent nanoparticle design can boost effectiveness in general delivery applications especially cancer treatment while enabling customized designs for precision applications, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SELF EMULSIFYING SOLID DISPERSIONS OF MEBENDAZOLE TO IMPROVE SOLUBILITY
Authors: Pervaiz Ayesha , Saeed Muhammad Asad , Anwar Maham , Mansoor Ujala , Shabbir Ushna , Khalid Dr. Maryam
Published: March 2023

Background: In drug development process, poor aqueous solubility is one of the challenging factors. To design an oral dosage form, poor bioavailability is the major challenge. Objectives: The aim of this study was to improve the solubility of mebendazole (MBZ) by formulating solid dispersion (SDS) and self-emulsifying solid dispersions (SESDS). Mebendazole is an BCS class II drug having low solubility and can ultimately lead to poor absorption and low bioavailability. Methodology:  Physical mixture and kneading method were employed to enhance the solubility of MBZ and prepare SDS and SESDS using poloxamer-188 as the hydrophilic carrier. Soybean oil, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and Transcutol-P were used as oil, surfactant, and cosurfactant, respectively. Eight formulations were designed to formulate SDS by varying the ratios of MBZ and Poloxamer-188 (1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4). All formulations were evaluated for solubility studies, and a formulation that showed maximum enhanced solubility was selected to prepare SESDS of mebendazole. All of the prepared formulations were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy to check chemical interactions, crystallinity, thermal stability, drug entrapment and morphological changes, respectively. Results: The results show that SDS and SESDS improved solubility compared to that of a pure drug. However, SESDS prepared using kneading methods showed the highest drug solubility (6.61 folds) as compared to pure drug. Conclusion: The study concluded that solubility of MBZ improved due to increased wettability, hydrophilicity of carrier and reduced crystallinity.
COVID-19 AWARENESS, KNOWLEDGE, AND PERCEPTION IN THE POPULATION OF PAKISTAN
Authors: Muhammad Hammad Rasheed Baig  , Irsa Rasheed Baig  , Hammad Afzal  , Aslam Aysha
Published: March 2023

Background: In 2020, the COVID-19 outbreak was intensifying, and a handful of confirmed cases in Pakistani citizens were recorded in the initial phases of the disease. During the whole nation's lockdown, this study evaluated Pakistanis' comprehension of and reactions to COVID-19. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of the knowledge, awareness, and perception of the coronavirus among Pakistani citizens. This study will pay particular attention to Pakistan's urban population. In order to boost the response to the COVID pandemic in Pakistan, the findings of this research will have an impact on the government's communication strategy and community participation, with an emphasis on young people and healthcare professionals. Methodology: Between July 20 and November 30, 2022, a survey was performed online in Pakistan. A number of websites and social media platforms, including one that did not require any data, widely disseminated the survey. On the basis of the information, awareness, contact to as well as faith in databases, as well as community and broadcasting perspectives, descriptive statistics were considered. Evaluations were compared to projections for mature people in the country in 2020. Results: Out of 11,235 participants (100%) about 77.72% were free of COVID-19's primary symptoms. More than 75% were properly informed about disease prevention. By educational level (p<0.001), work status (p<0.001), and nationality (p<0.001), there were significant differences. 21.86% of people said that they were at great threat of getting coronavirus. Conclusion: Strategic policy must be informed by an understanding of the information, attitudes, and behavior of those affected by the COVID-19 epidemic. The findings immediately address communication needs and gaps while also aiding in the public's comprehension of the coronavirus.
ASSESSMENT OF THE STUDENTS IN PHARMACY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTES OF LAHORE, PAKISTAN, REGARDING COVID-19 AND ITS IMPACT ON THEIR EDUCATION: AN ONLINE CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY
Authors: Ashiq Kanwal , Yasmeen Anam , Ahmad Aneeba , Hussain Hafiza Arbab , Parveen Rashida , Ahmad Muhammad , Hanan Abdul
Published: March 2023

Background: Globally, COVID-19 pandemic has drastically trembled day to day activities, including education. Objective: This study aims to assess students studying at pharmacy institutes that are located in Lahore, Pakistan. Methodology: An online cross-sectional survey was performed from 25th August to 25th December, 2020 in order to collect the data from students. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version: 25) was used to commute descriptive statistics and independent t-test. Results: Total 471 responses were received out of which 261 (55.4%) females and 210 (44.6%) males participated in this study. The majority of population 429 (91.1%) belonged to Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm-D) in comparison to 33 (6%) M.Phil./MS and 9 (1.9%) PhD scholars. The summary of the results with maximum response against each question is: 201 (42.7%) participants were not satisfied by e-lectures, 435 (92.4%) had internet availability, 354 (75.2%) replied they were guided before switching to online teaching, 201 (42.7%) claimed they understood e-lectures thoroughly, 420 (89.2%) faced internet and voice interruptions, 420 (89.2%) said their lab and research work got disturbed during pandemic, 261 (55.4%) were satisfied with their assessment, 273 (58%) said that pandemic had affected  their mental health and 366 (77.7%) students were optimistic and wished they could  study physically in their institutes. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic affects the education system in a worst possible way. Once this pandemic is over, proper policies should be developed by the government and pharmacy institutes to facilitate students regarding clinical rounds, industrial internships and retail rotations so they can perform well in their professional field.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Prof. Dr. Abubakar Munir Abubakar_munir
Published: March 2023

It gives me great pleasure to offer this issue to the International Journal of Pharmacy & Integrated Health Sciences (IJPIHS), which focuses on cutting-edge concepts in biological, and pharmaceutical and had the potential to develop an understanding of the need to optimize drug delivery. This issue will offer a diverse cornucopia from which knowledge and fresh insights can be gleaned. The IJPIHS reflects the growing interest in a variety of health sciences fields and offers novel and practical findings in the areas of environmental sciences, pharmaceutical chemistry, genetic engineering pharmaceutics, pharmacology, bioinformatics, pharmacogenomics, natural product research, biotechnology, and nanotechnology.
Factors Affecting Women Empowerment: A Micro Financing Perspective
Authors: Adeel Huma , Sabir Raja Irfan , Majid Muhammad Bilal
Published: March 2023

Women are a massive chunk of Pakistan’s population yet only 25-30 % of women participate in its economic development, and, this low percentage affects overall women empowerment. The current study is an effort to show how governments can enhance women’s empowerment by investing time, money, and resources through micro-financing and skill development for women entrepreneurs and making them a dynamic part of the economy. Current study proposes a Conceptual Three-Dimensional Women Empowerment Model to ensure that all aspects such as personal, relational, and economic facets of women empowerment are covered. Our research fills in the theoretical gap by adding the aspects of skill development that are provided by the micro-financing authorities that help women in acquiring specific skills to make their start-ups a success, another theoretical gap that would be covered by this study is the collection of primary data to investigate the relationship of education in the success of entrepreneurial activities of women that has not been investigated previously. Further, the incorporation of a three-dimensional women empowerment model would provide the exact speck of the empowerment felt by the women. Based on the available literature, the proposed Conceptual Model depicts that there are some key areas that have been worked on by the governments, NGOs, and UN to reduce poverty, upsurge education, and create equal opportunities in terms of technical and higher education for both genders. Women are a larger part of the population, it is not possible for societies to prosper without refining the women’s counterparts of the society. For the greater good of society, the role of micro-finance, skill development, and education can not be overlooked to empower women and that is going to be the emphasis of the study. The study will accommodate the government and other private institutions to make micro-financing successful for women counterparts of the population through proper training and skill development programs. It can also be useful for NGOs and banks to have private skill development programs to ensure the success rate of micro financed based businesses. The study will be helpful for women and society twofold. Firstly, women’s empowerment would be reflected in personal, relational, and economic facets of everyday life for females. Secondly, women will emerge to be productive participants in society and the overall economic progress of the country will improve. Women's empowerment is a dilemma in developing countries. This study will help raise women's status in society and ensure that investments made to women by governments, NGOs, and banks through micro-financing can be made efficacious through proper skill instigation and education.
Personality and Entrepreneurial Intentions of Final Year Business Students in Pakistan: The Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Education and Social Norms
Authors: Sarwar Farhan , Sami Abdul , Nauman Binish
Published: March 2023

Personality traits and situational characteristics influence the level of entrepreneurial intention in individuals. This study investigated the relationship between the five-factor model of personality, entrepreneurial education, social norm and entrepreneurial intention of final-year business students. Based on the cognitive appraisal theory, the mediating role of entrepreneurial education and social norms was proposed between five personality factors and entrepreneurial intention. A cross-sectional and a quantitative research design was adopted. Data was collected by administrating a survey to final year bachelor of business management students of a public sector university. The data from 200 students was analyzed through partial least square structural equation modelling in SMART PLS 3. The results revealed that openness to experience, neuroticism, entrepreneurial education and social norms were significantly related to entrepreneurial intentions. Openness to experience and conscientiousness was related to entrepreneurial education, while openness to experience, conscientiousness and neuroticism were related to social norms. The mediation analysis revealed that entrepreneurial education and social norms mediate the relationship between openness to experience and conscientiousness with entrepreneurial intentions, while social norms negatively mediate the relationship between neuroticism and entrepreneurial intentions. Interestingly social norms and entrepreneurial education fully mediate the relationship between conscientiousness and entrepreneurial intentions. This study's findings have helped us to understand how social norms and entrepreneurial education shape the way different personality traits influence the entrepreneurial intention of students. Interventions to enhance the quality of entrepreneurial education and social norms supporting entrepreneurship would promote entrepreneurship among individual high in openness to experience and conscientiousness.
Unlocking the Key to Customer Loyalty in Pakistan's E-Logistics Industry: A Quantitative Survey Analysis
Authors: Memon Noor Ahmed , Shah Ghulam Murtaza , Farkhanda Warsi
Published: March 2023

The expansion of E-logistics services globally and in Pakistan has made customer satisfaction crucial for the success of many businesses. However, customer satisfaction in the E-logistics industry has been overlooked. This research aims to determine the factors affecting E-Logistics performance and its impact on customer loyalty in Pakistan through a quantitative survey approach using questionnaires. The sample consisted of 659 E-logistics users in Pakistan and data was gathered through physical and online surveys. Customer satisfaction was measured as the dependent variable, with distribution rate, transit time, staff service quality, and traceability as the independent variables. The study also utilized E-payment as a mediating variable. For Normality (Shapiro-Wilk) and for reliability (Cronbach's Alpha) tests were conducted. The results of the descriptive statistics indicated that customers were generally satisfied with the E-Logistics performance. The multiple regression analysis showed that all the independent variables, including distribution rate, transit time, staff service quality, and e-traceability, had a significant impact on customer satisfaction with a significant mediating effect of E-Payment. Staff service quality had the highest impact, followed by transit time, distribution rate, and traceability. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the factors affecting customer satisfaction and loyalty in the E-Logistics industry in Pakistan. The results can help E-Logistics companies to better understand their customers' needs and preferences and improve their performance accordingly.
BANKRUPTCY PREDICTION ANALYSIS USING THE ALTMAN Z-SCORE AND SPRINGATE MODELS IN INSURANCE COMPANIES WHICH GO PUBLIC IN THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors: Mahmudi Bambang , Khaerunnisa Enis
Published: March 2023

The research aims to analyze the potential bankruptcy using Altman Z-Score and the Springate model also to find out the level of accuracy prediction model in insurance companies go public on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.  The population used in this research all insurance companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2016-2019 with sample of 12 companies.  The research method employs descriptive analysis using secondary data and Paired t test. The results of the research on the prediction of bankruptcy using the Altman Z-Score model showed that 11 insurance companies were in the healthy category and 1 company was in a condition of prone to bankruptcy (grey area).  Based on the average value of the Z-Score prediction compared to the reality value, 10 companies are in accordance with the prediction, and 2 companies are not match with the prediction whereas an Altman Z-Score model has accuracy rate of 83.33%.  The results of the Springate model bankruptcy prediction research showed 4 companies are in good health and 8 insurance companies have the potential to go bankrupt.  The average prediction score of the Springate model is compared with the reality value described 11 companies are in accordance with the predictions, but 1 company is not in accordance with the predictions, the accuracy rate was 91.67%. Based on the result of paired sample t test showed that there were significant differences Altman and Springate model in predicting bankruptcy