bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dr. Stephen Walter: Beyond Disciplinary Boundaries
Authors: Ding Avrilynn , Ding Maylynn , Tran Maxwell
Published: February 2024

Dr. Stephen Walter is a Professor Emeritus in the Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics at McMaster University. He is also an Associate Member of the Department of Mathematics and Statistics. Dr. Walter has developed an international reputation for creating and applying statistical methods in biomedical research, particularly for the evaluation of diagnostic tests. His past positions include Chair of the International Clinical Epidemiology Network, Editor of the American Journal of Epidemiology, and Section Editor for the Wiley Encyclopedia of Biostatistics. Most recently, Dr. Walter was inducted as a Fellow into The Royal Society of Canada.
Multi-morbidity in Ontario: Integrated Approaches to Address a Multifaceted Problem
Authors: Young Cheryl , Behdinan Asha
Published: February 2024

The McMaster Health Forum convened a stakeholder dialogue on the topic of multimorbidity in Ontario on October 21, 2013. The Forum, in consultation with expert informants, created an issue brief which outlines the problem. They also described three elements of an effective approach to addressing the problem, and implementation considerations.
Potential Therapies for Cystic Fibrosis: A Look at Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Correctors and Potentiators
Authors: Jones Spencer G.
Published: February 2024

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder that is caused by a mutation of the anion channel termed the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Treatment for CF has improved over time; however, many therapies focus only on alleviating symptoms as they occur. There have been recent advances in therapies that repair mutant CFTR, including the administration of small molecules called CFTR modulators. CFTR modulators fall under two categories: correctors that prevent early degradation of CFTR and potentiators that increase conductance of existing CFTR. This review discusses the advantages of repairing mutant CFTR, some recent advances in treatment development, and the future of CFTR modulator therapy.
L-Carnitine Supplementation: A Potential Treatment for Cancer Cachexia
Authors: Kwong Aaron , Khan Obaidullah , Fleming Katrina , Moshiri Sina , Hashmi Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Cachexia is a paraneoplastic syndrome that exhibits rampant muscle wasting, unintentional weight loss, fatigue, weakness, and overall loss of appetite, none of which can be abated by an increase in caloric intake. Metabolic derailment by cachexia is so severe in cancer patients that it can shorten lifetime expectancy and lead to death before the course of treatment is finished. Etiology may involve proinflammatory cytokines, but the abnormal loss of muscle, protein, and fat suggests an underlying metabolic dysfunction that contributes to cachexia. Previous research has shown reduction of L-carnitine in cachectic patients and chemotherapy-induced damage to the L-carnitine transport system that may further exacerbate symptoms. As such, a possible avenue of treatment for cachexia-induced fat loss may involve L-carnitine supplementation to restore metabolic homeostasis through various mechanisms such as lowering levels of proinflammatory cytokines and restoring L-carnitine palmitoyltransferase activity. While the precise mechanism of L-carnitine=mediated amelioration has not been determined, research findings support the notion of L-carnitine as an alleviator of several cachectic symptoms that have previously been unmanageable in a clinical setting.
Compulsory Incentivized Organ Donation: A Case for a Fairer Organ Donor Policy in Ontario
Authors: Gite Jasmine , Sukumar Niron
Published: February 2024

Ontario, like many other countries around the world, follows a voluntary organ donor system. Citizens are given the option of becoming donors at the age of 16 and are scarcely reminded of the option ever after. As such, less than a quarter of Ontarians are registered organ donors. Not only is this an unnecessary waste of precious organs, it is also an extremely unfair system, as both donors and non-donors are considered of equal priority to receive organ transplants. We thus call for a compulsory incentivized organ donationsystem in Ontario, as a fairer and more efficient organ donor policy. This policy automatically considers all citizens as organ donors after a certain age, where unwilling citizens can opt out if they wish to do so. However, individuals that choose to opt out are given less priority for organ transplants as compared to those who remain as organ donors. By automating organ donor registration and providing disincentive to opt out of organ donation, such a policy ensures a greater availability of organs for all Ontarians.
Cover page
Authors: Zhao Eliya
Published: February 2024

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Chimeric Antigen Receptors: The Future of Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Eqbal Adam , Li Ben
Published: February 2024

Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery are currently the most widelyused cancer treatment modalities. Although these therapies have successfullybeen used to treat various cancers, they are accompanied by significantlimitations. Cancer immunotherapy, an emerging field of study named thebreakthrough of the year in 2013 is offering hope for an era of new anticancermodalities.1 In addition to serving as a safeguard against infectiousdisease, the immune system also prevents and delays tumour development..Scientists have developed various immunotherapeutic treatments, eachtargeting different aspects of the immune system. One therapy involvesgenetically engineering T lymphocytes with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs)that enhance the ability of T-cells to recognize and eliminate cancer cells. CART-cell therapy has been highly effective in several clinical trials, eliminatingdetectable tumour mass in several patients with B-cell malignancies andsolid tumours.2 This article will provide background into the field of cancerimmunotherapy, the structure and function of CARs, and recent developmentsin CAR-T-cell therapy.
Dr. Mahmood Akhtar: Fueling a Passion for Learning
Authors: Ding Avrilynn , Mansoor Yasmeen , Aditya Ishan
Published: February 2024

Dr. Mahmood Akhtar is a researcher in the department ofPediatrics & Medicine at McMaster University. He has a diverse educationalbackground, with a M. Phil. and a Ph.D. in Molecular Microbiology. He has alsocompleted two postdoctoral fellowships at the University of Marylandand McMaster University. Since 2007, Dr. Akhtar has been working withDr. Mark Tarnopolsky at McMaster University. Aside from his research, he iscurrently one of the facilitators of the second year Cell Biology course in theBachelor of Health Sciences (Honours) program.
Children with Disabilities: The Social Determinants of Health Affecting the Life Trajectories of Children with Special Needs in Northern Ontario
Authors: Annibale Alexandra
Published: February 2024

The geographical and cultural characteristics of Northern Ontario shape a distinct set of social determinants of health for children growing up with special needs. These determinants, which affect certain cultural groups to a more significant degree, impact a family’s ability to access critical health care resources for the healthy development of a child with special needs. This critical review will explore the nature of these social determinants of health, their observed impacts on child development in current research, and opportunities for health policy to fill current gaps in healthcare resources.
Medpulse
Authors: Meducator The
Published: February 2024

Issue 29 Medpulse
A Case for Pharmacare in Canada: Lessons Learned from the UK
Authors: Kilian Alexandra , Fong Emily , Halawa Sara , Hughsam Matthew , Li Ben
Published: February 2024

In 2014, total drug expenditure in Canada was $33.9 billion, of which a significant proportion (85%) was spent on prescribed drugs.1 Prescription drugs have become an integral component of modern medicine as they can help treat diseases and greatly improve quality of life.2 However, unlike most other countries with a universal health system, Canada does not universally cover prescription drugs.2 While some level of public drug coverage is provided by all provinces and territories in Canada, 58% of prescription drug costs are covered by private health insurance plans or out-of-pocket payments.2 As a result, there is growing interest among the Canadian public to implement a public drug insurance program, often termed “Pharmacare,” to improve access to prescription drugs.2 The United Kingdom (UK) has had a public financing system for health coverage in place, including prescription drugs, for decades. This article explores what Canada can learn from the UK’s successful universal drug coverage program.
Wainman Shows the Way
Authors: Zhang Jack
Published: February 2024

Dr. Bruce Wainman is an associate professor of Pathology and Molecular Medicine at McMaster University. He is also the division director of Anatomy and the current director for the Education Program in Anatomy. Additionally, Dr. Wainman serves as the coordinator for biological sciences for the Ontario Midwifery Consortium. He teaches Pharmacology, Anatomy and Physiology, and Reproductive Physiology at McMaster University. In February 2016, Dr. Wainman was awarded the 3M National Teaching Fellowship – Canada’s most prestigious undergraduate teaching award.Dr. Wainman’s current research interest includes how environmental contaminants impact human reproductive health. Specifically, Dr. Wainman aims to identify the relationship between exposure to environmental contaminants and the alteration in menstrual cycle function. Dr. Wainman obtained his undergraduate degree in biochemistry from Laurentian University, a Master’s Degree in Medical Sciences from McMaster University, and a PhD in biology from York University.
Introduction
Authors: Meducator The
Published: February 2024

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Medbulletin
Authors: Meducator The
Published: February 2024

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FKBP5 Genetics & the Stress Response
Authors: Amir Tahkliq , Luo Owen
Published: February 2024

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Contributors
Authors: Meducator The
Published: February 2024

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Conflicting Agendas In Care For Olympic Amateur Boxing
Authors: Diep Dion
Published: February 2024

Boxers face a wide variety of health risks: strenuous movements, harsh training regimens, rapid dehydration, and repeated blows to the head and body. In this global perspective, I elaborate on my role in the boxing community as part of the medical team, reflect on the barriers to care, and present future directions.
MedBulletin
Authors: Yu James , Chen Kevin
Published: February 2024

This issue's MedBulletin includes Oubain: From Poison to Contraceptive, A New Promise in Cancer Immunotherapy, Unearthing New Antibiotics, and Diabetes - Blood, Sweat, and Tears.
Fecal microbiota transplantation: the power of poop
Authors: Liu Eva , Hou Maggie
Published: February 2024

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), a procedure involving the transfer of stool from healthy donors to patients, has demonstrated success in re-establishing gut microbiota homeostasis and facilitating the recovery of metabolic and immune function. Based on positive results from numerous clinical trials, current North American and European clinical guidelines recommend FMT as a treatment option for recurrent Clostridium difficile infections. Ongoing investigations into FMT’s efficacy in the treatment of other conditions, such as multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease, may expand the application of FMT to a myriad of diseases. Nonetheless, challenges regarding biosafety concerns and public perception need to be addressed before FMTs can be considered for broaderapplications.
"It's a metaphor"
Authors: Lee Paul Munil
Published: February 2024

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MedBulletin
Authors: Meducator The , Shah Anita , Abbas Nadin , Wen Aaron , Rayner Daniel
Published: February 2024

MedBulletin
Clearing The Smoke On Cannabis
Authors: Meducator The , Cui Edward , Rayner Daniel
Published: February 2024

DR. JAMES MACKILLOP IS A PROFESSOR OF PSYCHIATRY& BEHAVIOURAL NEUROSCIENCE AT MCMASTER UNIVERSITY,THE DIRECTOR OF THE PETER BORIS CENTER FOR ADDICTIONSRESEARCH, AND A CO-DIRECTOR OF THE MICHAEL G.DEGROOTE CENTRE FOR MEDICINAL CANNABIS RESEARCH.DR. MACKILLOP’S RESEARCH INTERESTS INCLUDE ADDICTIVEBEHAVIOURS SURROUNDING ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, GAMBLING,AND OBESITY. MORE RECENTLY, HE HAS BEEN INVESTIGATINGBOTH THE BENEFITS AND RISKS OF MEDICINAL CANNABISTREATMENTS FOR VARIOUS CONDITIONS.
Global Perspective: "Be the Bridge" Collaboration: Our journey
Authors: Meducator The , Jani Priyanka , Wasyleczkoaron Andrea , Ling Ruth , Raycroft Erika
Published: February 2024

Students in the McMaster School of Nursing, likein other Health Sciences programs, learn aboutevidence-based practice in a variety of hospitalsettings. However, best practice must also beprovided at a systems level in the community,guided by the principles of primary healthcare. During a third-year community healthcourse, we were placed in the South Shermanneighbourhood, a low-income, high-priorityarea in Hamilton. Within this community, welearned that improving health requires lookingbeyond the healthcare system. Therefore, wedeveloped an intervention to address the gapbetween services and residents in the area.After a successful pilot project, our initiative isnow becoming a full-scale partnership betweenMcMaster students and the Hamilton communitymembers who act as our hosts and teachers.
Introduction
Authors: Meducator The
Published: February 2024

Letter from the Editors-in-chief.
Tick-borne diseases: From well-known Lyme disease to deadly Powassan encephalitis
Authors: Meducator The , Chang Jerry , Zheng Ruby
Published: February 2024

Tick-borne diseases are prevalent throughout central and eastern Canada, including Ontario. Of the many infections transmissible through tick bites, Lyme disease is the most well-known. However, lesser known tick-borne diseases, such as Powassan encephalitis, can have debilitating, or even lethal complications. The incidence of all tick-borne infections has increased over the past decade, with reported cases of Lyme disease seeing a tenfold increase. Identifying both Lyme disease and Powassan encephalitis can be challenging, as patients only show abnormalities in the later stages of disease progression. Even following successful treatment for Lyme disease, patients may continue to suffer from chronic disease sequelae. As tick populations continue to increase, primary prevention is the most effective method of combating tick-borne diseases.
Implementing capnography for lactate-enhanced qSOFA scores: Sepsis diagnosis in EMS settings
Authors: Li Donny , Sun Jeffrey , Zhao Lucy
Published: February 2024

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body produces a pro-inflammatory immune response to infection, leading to a decrease in blood flow that results in organ failure and death. Sepsis has the ability to kill within hours, and is responsible for 20% of deaths globally. However, current diagnostic techniques in the pre-hospital setting are limited by time and resources. It has recently been found that sepsis screening tools like qSOFA and lactate biomarkers used within the hospital could supplement diagnostic needs within the EMS setting. With research showing that lactate levels can be indirectly and instantaneously measured via capnography by EMS personnel, this technique may complement existing sepsis screening tools to achieve faster diagnosis. This article investigates the current flaws of sepsis diagnosis within the EMS setting and evaluates the benefits of the implementation of qSOFA and lactate technology.
Dr. Chelsea Gabel
Authors: Kaur Hargun , Chopra Meera
Published: February 2024

Dr. Chelsea Gabel is the Canada Research Chair in Indigenous Well-being, Community Engagement, and Innovation, Director of the Indigenous Studies program at McMaster University, and former Director of the McMaster Indigenous Research Institute. As an Indigenous scholar, her work integrates community-based participatory and arts-based research methods in studying Indigenous health and well-being. Dr. Gabel’s interests include understanding how digital technology can be used for healing and empowerment of elders and youth. She also examines the pressures facing Arctic communities as they prepare for resource development. Dr. Gabel combines community- and arts-based research methods with academic rigour to create positive social change for Indigenous communities through public policy.
MedBulletin
Authors: Chopra Meera , Bansal Suraj
Published: February 2024

Summaries of current news in prolonging life (nutritional compounds to increase longevity), the human code (analyzing ancient DNA using novel techniques), myocarditis (concerns following COVID-19 vaccination), and human touch (intricate molecular pathways underlying human senses).
Kallmann syndrome
Authors: Xiang Alexander , Ali Shanzey
Published: February 2024

Kallmann syndrome (KS) is a form of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism characterized by a combination of both an inability to smell and properly regulate hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulses. This, as a result, affects the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland, which in turn influences the secretion of endocrine hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone. It is found fairly infrequently, at a rate of approximately 1 in every 125,000 females and 1 in every 30 000 males. The inability to regulate GnRH secretion from the hypothalamus leads to a variety of consequences, including reduced sex hormone levels and the delayed onset of puberty.
James Makokis
Authors: Fang Allison , Lynn Matthew
Published: February 2024

For those who do not watch The Amazing Race on television, Dr. James Makokis may be an unfamiliar name. Besides being the winner of the show’s seventh season, Makokis has established himself as an Indigenous health advocate and gamechanger in transgender patient wellness.
Prion Diseases
Authors: Kim Olivia , Tauqir Rida
Published: February 2024

Prions refer to abnormal misfolded proteins which propagate rare, rapidly progressive, and inevitably fatal neurodegenerative infectious diseases affecting both humans and non-human mammals. The most common human prion disease is Creudtzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), aetiologically categorized as either (1) sporadic (sCJD), (2) acquired via infection (aCJD), (3) hereditary (hCJD), or (4) variant (vCJD). vCJD, in particular, is commonly known due to its contraction via consumption of beef infected with Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, also known as Mad Cow Disease: a similarly fatal prion disease affecting cows. Regardless of the causative mechanism, all CJDs are characterized by the rapid decline in cognitive function, myoclonus (involuntary twitching and/or jerking of muscles), akinetic mutism, and ultimately, death in all cases. As suggested by the aforementioned symptoms, CJD is considered a rapidly progressive dementia (RPD), alongside Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, and Parkinson’s disease.
IWCH Abstracts
Authors: Watkins Taylor , Tom Katherine , Sriarulnathan Keshini
Published: February 2024

This article represents a series of abstracts from the poster presentation winners of the 2023 IWCH conference.
Perinatal Mental Health in Hamilton and Montreal
Authors: Ali Shanzey , Bansal Suraj , Durant Ines , Reynoso Sofia , Spector Tiffany , Sun Jeffrey , Zhang Yiming
Published: February 2024

Mental health concerns experienced by individuals during or up to one year after pregnancy fall under the umbrella of perinatal mental health. Estimates suggest that one in five people will experience a perinatal mental illness at some point during their pregnancy or up to one year postpartum. Racialized individuals with low socioeconomic status are at an increased risk to perinatal mental health. Perinatal mental illness is becoming an incredibly relevant topic in the sphere of public health and policy. Recently, the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care released a recommendation against screening individuals for depression during pregnancy and the postpartum period (up to 1 year after childbirth), stating that there is low certainty of evidence for such screening measures. This received backlash, with groups like the Canadian Perinatal Mental Health Collaborative (CPMHC) speaking out. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and the Minister of Mental Health and Addictions aim to “ensure timely access to perinatal mental health services”, as identified in a recent mandate letter. Given its current salience, this piece seeks to explore perinatal mental health programs in Ontario and Quebec, critically analyze their effectiveness, and suggest future areas of improvement.
Phage Therapy as an Emerging Antibiotic Alternative
Authors: Asgarali Riyad , Thakar Om , Yan Bob-Shen
Published: February 2024

In 2019, nearly 5 million deaths worldwide were attributed to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), underscoring its profound threat to global public health. AMR causes traditional antibiotics to lose effectiveness against bacterial infections due to the emergence of resistant bacteria. Consequently, phage therapy, which employs bacteria viruses to combat bacterial infections, has become a potential solution. Phages can enhance antibiotic sensitivity by targeting bacterial mutants, influencing the evolution of populations and impacting receptors responsible for antibiotic efflux from cells.
Despite the advantages, several limitations to the use of bacteriophages exist. Phage-Antibiotic Synergy (PAS) may address these limitations. PAS describes the phenomenon of improved antimicrobial effect caused by stimulated phage replication in the presence of sublethal concentrations of antibiotics. Phage-antibiotic therapy has effectively reduced the emergence of phage-resistant and antibiotic-resistant strains simultaneously.
Protecting Information Rights in the Liberal-Democratic State
Authors: Clarke Matthew
Published: February 2024

The following essay examines the effects that neo-liberal policies have had on the democratic landscape in the context of the information age. It is argued that there is an inherent conflict of interest, where the infrastructure by which information necessary to the democratic process is increasingly controlled by for-profit corporations. The paper concludes that the introduction of a new group of information rights is necessary, in order to protect the individual liberties of citizens and to maintain a healthy public sphere.
Safety And Risk Factors Associated With Electric Scooter Use Globally: A Literature Review
Authors: Schneeweiss Michelle , Hassan-Ali Mohammed , Kam April
Published: February 2024

Electric kick scooters (e-scooters) are a form of micro-mobility devices that have been implemented in city streets worldwide as a viable travel solution. E-scooter companies have launched in over 100 U.S cities and various international cities, including Paris, Berlin, London, Rome, Madrid, Singapore, Auckland, Tel Aviv, and Brisbane. On January 1st 2020, Ontario launched its pilot program to permit e-scooters onto provincial roads. Due to the implementation and recent growth of this new technology, it is important to evaluate what is already known about e-scooter use and what remains to be discovered. We conducted a literature review to understand the general prevalence of e-scooter usage, common injury patterns, demographics of patients commonly involved in e-scooter injuries, and risk factors associated with injuries. We also sought to understand the current legislation surrounding e-scooter use in Ontario, other provinces across Canada, and other countries. Common injuries included: extremity fractures, facial fractures, lacerations and head injuries (including concussions and intracranial hemorrhages). Most commonly injured riders were men between 20- 40 years old, and our findings indicate that limited helmet use and acute alcohol intoxication may contribute to e-scooter injuries. These findings can help to direct future research questions and prepare primary care and emergency room physicians for the potential surge in e-scooter use here in Ontario, Canada.
Triaging Out of Elective Surgeries during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Wrong Approach?
Authors: Amir Takhliq
Published: February 2024

The devastating burden of COVID-19 on the health of individuals and capacities of health systems has led to blanket cancellations of elective surgeries globally. In response, surgery and anesthesia societies worldwide have published perioperative guidelines to inform the continuation of elective surgical procedures during the pandemic, as well as the resumption of services in the post-pandemic phase. The effects of these widespread cancellations on the health of patients or the overall cost to the health systems are unclear. This commentary aims to review current literature on the cancellation of elective surgeries in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, summarize recommendations from several perioperative guidelines, and discuss key considerations for the resumption of elective surgeries in the post-pandemic world.
Panteón Viejo Jardín de la Memoria de los Ancestros Martina Carrillo. Una apuesta político-territorial de la diáspora africana en el Ecuador
Authors: Juárez Rodríguez Beatriz , Calderón Barbarita Lara
Published: February 2024

Este artículo analiza el proceso comunitario de producción y recuperación colectiva de la me

-moria local y revitalización de la identidad Afroecuatoriana de la comunidad de La Concepción

emprendido por la CONAMUNE-Carchi (Coordinadora Nacional de Mujeres Negras del Ecuador) y

apoyado y sostenido por miembros organizados de dicha comunidad. Desde un contexto local,

rural, serrano y Afroecuatoriano se examina cómo la memoria histórica, la ritualidad y la espi

-ritualidad de un pueblo se articulan y juegan un rol central en los procesos de re-significación

y movilización de identidades políticas afrodiaspóricas en el Ecuador y en el accionar político

comunitario. Se toma como caso de estudio a El Panteón viejo “Jardín de la Memoria Martina Ca

-rrillo” y se reflexiona desde los encuentros y diálogos entre una docente, exconcejala y líder Afro

-ecuatoriana y una antropóloga Afrovenezolana. Proponemos que CONAMUNE-Carchi resignifica

el pasado esclavista desde un proceso de memorialización centrado en el accionar y narrativas

de las mujeres negras, el cual busca preservar y conmemorar las luchas colectivas de las y los

ancestros, desafiar el silencio y olvido impuesto desde la historia oficial dominante y contribuir al

proceso afrodescendiente de re-existencia y libertad en el Ecuador.
Resistencia y (re)construcción a través de la memoria de las mujeres negras y afrodescendientes
Authors: Anangonó Génesis
Published: February 2024

Las mujeres negras y afrodescendientes han desempeñado un papel fundamental en la recuperación y (re)construcción de la memoria histórica de la diáspora africana. Su memoria, testimonios y relatos orales han permitido investigar y rescatar la historia de sus comunidades para contribuir así a la descolonización de la historia blancocéntrica. Sin embargo, y, pese a la importancia de sus voces las mujeres negras y afrodescendientes han sido invisibilizadas.

Esos aportes y luchas de las mujeres negras y afrodescendientes son visibles en el proceso de descolonización de disciplinas académicas y científicas en las que han aportado, a través de la aplicación de enfoques interdisciplinarios, una perspectiva crítica y una visión cultural que enriquece y fortalece los hallazgos tanto de la memoria histórica de su pueblo, así como de sitios históricos vinculados a la diáspora africana.
La fuga: movilidad y resistencia del pueblo Afroecuatoriano. Memorias de Mami Betty
Authors: Olivio del Olmo Omar
Published: February 2024

El presente texto, es un primer acercamiento al tejido de diversos correlatos históricos, antropoló

-

gicos y arqueológicos sobre la esclavitud, la explotación, fuga y resistencia constante del pueblo

Afroecuatoriano; el telar se prefigura con el testimonio de

Mami Betty

a través de una historia oral

que actúa como hilo conductor del pasado y presente de su pueblo. Ella, más allá del sujeto indi

-

vidual, representa en su historia y acción política, la lucha colectiva del pueblo afroecuatoriano

entre Esmeraldas y Guayaquil desde mediados del siglo XX. Así, se exploran las posibilidades de

entender un

momento ahora

que no termina de suceder, un continuo de la violencia que el pueblo

africano ha resistido desde su secuestro y llegada durante el siglo XVI al continente americano y

su diáspora hasta nuestros días, una resistencia que se refleja en su vida cotidiana, movilidad,

migración y lucha territorial.
A fundo, no quintal. Transcrições escondidas sob o “morar cativo” em uma unidade doméstica sul-mineira (décadas de 1830-1870)
Authors: Klink Leonardo
Published: February 2024

Este artigo aborda as possíveis evidências de um alojamento de escravizados em uma unidade doméstica urbana, um sobrado edificado na primeira metade do século XIX na antiga Vila da Campanha da Princesa (atual município de Campanha), região Sul de Minas Gerais. Devido à dinâmica de desenvolvimento urbano e a consequente descaracterização de grande parte da arquitetura setecentista e oitocentista nesta localidade, a presença de senzalas nestes contextos citadinos não foram documentadas e estudadas, principalmente devido aos novos usos que estas edificações receberam com o passar do tempo. Aliando a investigação documental à pesquisa arqueológica ao atual estado de ruínas que o sobrado se encontra, argumento que a tipologia e presença destes alojamentos em meio ao quintal da propriedade pode ter remetido a melhores oportunidades de circulação, como de resistência ao claustro pela via de práticas mais autônomas de subsistência e de transmissão cultural.
La ruta del esclavizado para desaprender y reaprender lo propio
Authors: Castro Edizon León
Published: February 2024

El artículo aborda el tema de la Ruta del Esclavizado, (esclavizades) desde una perspectiva crítica y situada, centrándose en la experiencia de lo Afroandino de la Diáspora y, en particular, lo afroecuatoriano. Se reconoce que la Ruta del Esclavizado es un tema amplio, profundo y complejo, con diferentes dimensiones para ser analizado y sobre todo problematizado. El enfoque se centra en el inventario cultural, histórico, patrimonial y socio-político de la afroecuatorianidad. Esto implica examinar cómo la historia de la trata de personas esclavizadas ha afectado y moldeado la identidad y la cultura de las comunidades afrodescendientes en Ecuador, y cómo esta herencia histórica continúa teniendo implicaciones en la sociedad contemporánea. La perspectiva crítica y situada busca destacar las experiencias únicas y las luchas de las comunidades afroecuatorianas en su búsqueda de reconocimiento, justicia y equidad en el presente. Hablar (construir) de la Ruta del esclavizado es parte de una deuda de reparación y justicia social.
Sistemas de Alimentación Afrodescendiente en Contexto de Esclavitud en el Andes Septentrionales del Ecuador (siglo XVIII)
Authors: Mery Ibis , Daniela Balanzátegui
Published: February 2024

No âmbito dos estudos recentes da arqueologia histórica da Diáspora Africana na região andina da América do Sul, esta pesquisa está baseada na análise zooarqueológica e tem como referência o estudo de objectos utilitários de cerâmica para abordar a alimentação e a cozinha afro-descendente no contexto da escravidão, no século 18 nos Andes do norte do Equador. Este artigo discute a manutenção das economias da escravidão e das economias domésticas para a compreensão dos costumes alimentares afro-equatorianos como uma prática integral na conformação da identidade afro-descendente, desenvolvida em processos de adaptação, contestação e colaboração. Os resultados da análise zooarqueológica mostram o consumo principalmente de espécies introduzidas, sobretudo bovídeos e o consumo complementar de espécies endémicas. Entretanto, a análise cerâmica recria os utensílios utilizados na preparação e consumo destes alimentos e de outros que fizeram parte das tradições culinárias afro-equatorianas no Valle del Chota. Além disso, o consumo e a preparação de alimentos também são fundamentais para compreender as estratégias anti-escravatura que permitiram a sobrevivência do povo afro-equatoriano no Território Ancestral do Valle del Chota (províncias de Imbabura e Carchi).
ПАТРІОТИЧНЕ ВИХОВАННЯ ДІТЕЙ ЗАСОБАМИ ТЕАТРАЛЬНОГО МИСТЕЦТВА
Authors: РОЗЛУЦЬКА ГАЛИНА , КУРИЦЯ ВІТАЛІНА , КУРУЦ ВАСИЛЬ
Published: February 2024

Сучасні діти зростають в умовах суспільно-політичних катаклізмів. Тому важливо допомогти їм відчути причетність до життя своєї країни, міцний зв’язок з рідним народом, його минулим. Сьогодні патріотичне виховання дітей актуалізується через військові дії на території нашої держави. Відтак постає питання щодо підготовки майбутніх захисників, тих, хто віддано любитиме свою країну. Патріотичні почуття не з’являються самі по собі, а є результатом довготривалого виховного впливу на людину. Проблема виховання патріотизму надзвичайно багатоаспектна через свою інтегративну функцію.

Важливу роль має відіграти дошкільна освіта як перша ланка національної системи освіти. Провідна діяльність дошкільника – гра, тому використання театралізованої гри може бути ефективним засобом патріотичного виховання. Самоусвідомлення та виховання патріотичних цінностей у дітей, зокрема, любові до Батьківщини, поваги до культури та традицій, можна ефективно розвивати через народознавство та українознавство засобами театралізації календарно-обрядових свят та обрядів.

У статті доведено необхідність виховання патріотизму в дітей дошкільного віку з використанням засобів театрального мистецтва. Аргументовано, що патріотичні почуття, які виховуються засобами художнього слова, театралізації,  пробуджують любов до рідної землі, історичного минулого, героїчного сьогодення українського народу. Запропоновано перевірений на практиці інструментарій відновлення українських народних традицій у розрізі патріотичного виховання дітей дошкільного віку.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВИХОВАННЯ ЕСТЕТИЧНОГО СМАКУ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ МУЗИЧНОГО МИСТЕЦТВА ЗАСОБАМИ ПОЛІФОНІЇ МИСТЕЦТВ
Authors: БАБИНІНА Юлія
Published: February 2024

У статті схарактеризовано особливості виховання естетичного смаку майбутніх учителів музичного мистецтва за допомогою засобів поліфонії мистецтв. Розкрито змістове наповнення понять «смак», «естетичний смак». Визначено сутність терміна «поліфонія мистецтв». Виховання естетичного самку має бути спрямоване на формування в майбутніх учителів музичного мистецтва уявлень про красу та гармонію, розвиток творчого мислення та вмінь аналізувати й оцінювати мистецтво. До особливостей виховання естетичного смаку майбутніх учителів музичного мистецтва за допомогою засобів поліфонії мистецтв автором віднесено, що взаємодія з іншими мистецькими дисциплінами допомагає здобувачам вищої освіти зрозуміти інші мистецькі форми вираження, що допомагає розширити їхнє розуміння світу.
РЕТРОСПЕКТИВНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ ПРОБЛЕМИ ФОРМУВАННЯ МОТИВАЦІЇ НАВЧАЛЬНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: САГАЧ ОКСАНА
Published: February 2024

У матеріалі представлено ретроспективний аналіз досліджень проблеми формування мотивації навчальної діяльності. Визначено, що витоки сучасних теорій мотивації лежать у роботах давньогрецьких і давньоримських мислителів. Їхні праці стали основою для потребнісних теорій мотивації, які були розвинені французькими мислителями у ХVIII столітті. Ці теорії разом з іншими мотиваційними концепціями продовжують розвиватись у сучасних наукових дослідженнях. Для біхевіористських теорій мотивації ХХ ст. характерне визначення мотивації через сукупність базових потреб особи. У когнітивних концепціях мотивації визначальним фактором людської поведінки слугував внутрішній психічний процес прийняття рішень. Як педагогічну проблему розвиток мотивації до навчальної діяльності можна розглядати з позиції загальної теорії розвитку.

Зроблено висновок про те, що на думку більшості дослідників, мотивація виконує роль спонукальної сили стосовно процесу навчання. Сам процес навчання є основою для виховання і розвитку навчальної мотивації студентів.
ПІДГОТОВКА МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ШКОЛИ ДО ВИКОРИСТАННЯ STEM-ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ У ФАХОВІЙ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: ДРОКІНА Аліна
Published: February 2024

У статті з’ясовано суть основних понять дослідження: «STEM-освіта», «STEM-технології», «професійна підготовка професійна підготовка майбутніх учителів початкової школи». Також у роботі висвітлено специфіку професійної діяльності сучасного вчителя початкової школи, наголошено, що вона зумовлюється складністю інтегрованого характеру, а тому особливо потребує здатності педагога до реалізації міждисциплінарних зв’язків в освітньому процесі. Визначено, що фахова підготовка майбутніх учителів початкової школи в педагогічних закладах вищої освіти до впровадження STEM-технологій має здійснюватися як цілеспрямований, систематичний та  організований процес. Схарактеризовано його найважливіші напрями, ураховуючи сьогоденні умови дистанційної освіти.
Review: Runnability, Fracture and Pressroom Breaks
Authors:   NTNU, Gregersen Øyvind Weiby
Published: February 2024

Runnability of the paper web during production and converting is a topic which has always concerned the pulp and paper industry. Good runnability at the lowest possible production cost is of primary importance to paper producers, converters and printers. This paper will review the literature on runnability and fracture of dry printing paper webs. Several review articles have been written on this and related subjects. Niskanen [1] gave a thorough review of strength and fracture of paper. Niskanen reviewed the relationship between fibres, bonds and strength. He also discussed the relationship between web tension and fracture frequency before thoroughly describing the development of fracture mechanics methods. Kortshot [2] and Mäkelä [3] have also given excellent reviews of paper fracture and fracture mechanics. Roisum [4,5,6] has written reviews of the runnability of paper. It is important to remember that many causes for paper web breaks are quite trivial. Paper rolls are damaged by transport and handling. Direct contact with water or condensation due to rapid temperature changes may give damage. Poor tape gluing may give web breaks during the flying splice. For many such problems the best procedure for improving runnability is to keep the paper mill tidy, the floors clean and even. Further to follow and quality check the paper transport. Avoid gravel on the floor of transport containers, adjust the clamping pressure on the trucks used to handle paper rolls and so on. Yet even if the best precautions are taken, there will always be some damaged and weaker zones in the paper web. Thus, it is meaningful to use fracture mechanics as a tool to investigate if such defects will develop to a web fracture at the web tension conditions used. Much work on improving runnability of paper has been done based on the assumption that if the paper’s tensile strength, tear strength or fracture toughness is increased, then even the runnability will be improved. I will discuss this assumption and argue that the best way to improve runnability is to perform an engineering analysis of the converting or printing application where the fractures occur. The important factors in such an analysis are web stress, defect size distribution and mechanical properties of the paper.
A new look at the fundamentality of physical constants based on the results of experimental achievements in physics of the 21st Century
Authors: Konstantinov Stanislav
Published: February 2024

The article presents experimental evidence of the dependence of the values of fundamental physical constants on five fundamental interactions, as well as the polarization of the physical vacuum.
Bien, verdad y conocimiento en Platón. Una respuesta a la lectura poliana de la idea del bien como fundamento del conocimiento
Authors: Solans Miquel
Published: February 2024

Este artículo estudia la relación entre bien y conocimiento en la República de Platón, en diálogo con la recepción de esta temática en la obra del filósofo Leonardo Polo. Para ello, se ofrece, en primer lugar, una reconstrucción de la lectura del bien platónico en la obra poliana a lo largo de los años 80 y 90. A continuación, y a partir de un análisis de los textos relevantes de la República, se discute la interpretación de Polo en lo que respecta al acceso al bien y al tipo de causalidad del bien en relación con el conocimiento. El presente artículo propone una lectura alternativa que cuestiona la tesis poliana según la cual la doctrina aristotélica sobre el conocimiento como acto es radicalmente incompatible con la epistemología platónica.
Del debut a la absolutización de lo psíquico. Una de las lecturas de Polo sobre la crisis de la filosofía de Hegel
Authors: Ortigosa Andrés
Published: February 2024

Lo psíquico, que no la psicología como ciencia, es un tema poco tratado en la filosofía de Polo. En este escrito se busca dar explicación de qué es lo psíquico y cuál es su importancia. Se defiende que lo psíquico tiene dos condiciones reduccionistas implícitas que se constituyen a partir de la crisis de la filosofía de Hegel. La primera es creer que la realidad es reductible a la percepción individual. La segunda consiste en que el pensamiento ya esté determinado preconceptualmente.
«‘Ente’, dicho sin más, nada es». Hermenéutica sobre un enigma aristotélico a la luz de un contraste de métodos
Authors: Haya-Segovia Fernando
Published: February 2024

Este artículo contrasta el método del abandono del límite con la analogía de Tomás de Aquino, ofreciendo una descripción global de esta última, en orden a la determinación del significado y el estatuto gnoseológico de la noción de ente. Examina en los respectivos planteamientos el valor y el alcance metafísico de la potencia, de la articulación abstracta del tiempo y de la “entelécheia”.
Tres dificultades del lenguaje en la filosofía de Leonardo Polo
Authors: González-Ginocchio David
Published: February 2024

Este trabajo intenta enfrentar una serie de dificultades sobre el lenguaje: una problemática secundaria en la filosofía poliana, pero que conecta con algunos temas principales. La problemática puede verse en dos sentidos: por un lado, el lenguaje representa, según Polo, un problema para la filosofía puesto que en su forma expresiva se trata de una producción posterior al pensar, con lo que se ve forzado a tratar sobre aquello que lo fundamenta. Sobra decir que la referencia del lenguaje al pensamiento es imperfecta e incompleta (lo que pone en juego su uso metodológico-técnico). Por otro lado, el lenguaje mismo es un objeto de la propia filosofía, que debe dar cuenta de los modos de articular el sentido. Para enfocar ambos puntos, en este trabajo seguiré los siguientes pasos: primero señalaré la dificultad de acercamiento al lenguaje de la filosofía de Polo, es decir, a sus modos expresivos y tecnicismos propios; en segundo lugar intentaré situar esta dificultad en los términos del propio Polo, a saber, según el modo en que el lenguaje es un derivado poiético y por ende derivativamente intencional. Por último volveré sobre la capacidad expresiva que tiene el lenguaje respecto de algunas posibilidades metaobjetivas desde ciertos planteamientos estéticos.
Redes y Conexiones como perspectivas metodológicas en los estudios histórico-culturales de la prensa en Brasil: entre lo local y lo nacional
Authors: Carlos Barbosa Marialva , Ribeiro Borges Rosana Maria
Published: February 2024

El objetivo del artículo es discutir la perspectiva metodológica de redes y conexiones que pretende construir concepciones plurirregionales capaces de fortalecer los estudios de la prensa local y regional en una perspectiva histórico-comunicacional. Este movimiento metodológico busca romper con silenciadores y lógicas macroestructurales y hegemónicas que, en la síntesis histórica, privilegian los centros de poder. Esto se debe a que, independientemente de la escala, ya sea local, regional o nacional, los vehículos periodísticos no necesitan conexiones en red y, en consecuencia, la investigación de la prensa histórica carece de perspectivas metodológicas conectadas, fortaleciendo lo local frente a lo global y ubicando lo global, en relación a la ubicación.
El estudio de la prensa local desde el enfoque de la Estructura de la Información. Propuesta metodológica
Authors: Mancinas-Chávez Rosalba , Reig Ramón
Published: February 2024

Este artículo propone un método para investigar la prensa local o de proximidad cuyo basamento es el Enfoque Estructural Simple (EES) que en la universidad conocemos con el nombre de Estructura de la Información. Se basa en dos premisas fundamentales: primera, la perspectiva histórica y el contexto son imprescindibles para comprender un hecho y, segunda, derivado de lo anterior, el partidario del EES persigue estudiar lo que subyace al hecho. Los resultados de esta investigación responden a los distintos apartados que siguen a este resumen. Ellos marcan el camino a seguir en la investigación del fenómeno prensa local o de proximidad y van desde una breve descripción de la escuela metodológica que seguimos hasta la diversificación de la prensa local, pasando por la acotación conceptual y los contextos en un procedimiento deductivo.
La Economía Política de la Comunicación como propuesta metodológica para el estudio de la cultura en la prensa local
Authors: Oliveira Julieti
Published: February 2024

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo profundizar en la concepción de cultura que emerge a través del periodismo cultural en los periódicos locales. Nuestra intención es proponer un enfoque analítico para examinar la representación mediática de la cultura. La Economía Política de la Comunicación (EPC) nos proporciona las herramientas para examinar el modelo de cultura que se difunde y nos permite determinar si se rige principalmente por consideraciones comerciales. Además, este enfoque nos brinda la capacidad de establecer conexiones entre la representación cultural en la prensa local y las estructuras de poder mediático.
El periodismo en la provincia argentina de Entre Ríos (1819-1871). Construcción de la prensa moderna como actividad de gobierno
Authors: Moyano Falconier Julio Eduardo
Published: February 2024

En contraste con el alcance local de la prensa entrerriana posterior a 1871, durante los gobiernos del general Urquiza el periodismo entrerriano llegó a circular a nivel nacional, y vivió una rápida expansión llegando a ser la segunda provincia con más periódicos. En este trabajo se repasa esa génesis periodística y se explora las implicancias de tres de sus características, no desarrolladas plenamente aún por el estado del arte: 1) el carácter estatal de su desarrollo inicial y su transición sui generis hacia un periodismo en manos privadas, que enmarcaron sus discursos predominantes, procesos de decisión y reglas de juego; 2) la subordinación de los redactores al mando político-militar provincial; 3) el uso del cambio de nombres de periódicos como parte de la estrategia centralizada de uso político-militar de la prensa.
Fuzzy rough sets based on Morsi fuzzy hemimetrics
Authors: ZHANG Guangxv , YAO Wei
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we introduce a notion of Morsi fuzzy hemimetrics, a common generalization of hemimetrics and Morsi fuzzy metrics, as the basic structure to define and study fuzzy rough sets. We define a pair of fuzzy upper and lower approximation operators and investigate their properties. It is shown that upper definable sets, lower definable sets and definable sets are equivalent. Definable sets form an Alexandrov fuzzy topology such that the upper and lower approximation operators are the closure and the interior operators respectively.