bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 and lung cancer: update on the latest screening, diagnosis, management and challenges
Authors: Moubarak Simon , Merheb Diala , Basbous Lynn , Chamseddine Nathalie , Bou Zerdan Maroun , Assi Hazem I
Published: September 2022

Lung cancer, considered one of the most common causes of cancer deaths worldwide, is a complex disease with its own challenges. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), compounded these challenges and forced the medical healthcare system to alter its approach to lung cancer. This narrative review aims to identify the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on lung cancer screening, diagnosis and management. During this public health crisis, various medical societies have worked on developing guidelines to protect patients with lung cancer from the deleterious effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as from the complications imposed by treatment delays. The different therapeutic approaches, such as surgery, radiation oncology and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, along with the latest international recommendations, will be discussed. Protecting patients with lung cancer from COVID-19 complications, while avoiding barriers in treatment delays, has brought unique challenges to healthcare facilities. Prompt modifications to guidelines, and constant evaluation of their efficacy, are thus needed.
Turning evidence into action using a senior friendly hospital framework and a collaborative network
Authors: Ryan David , Zeh Wendy , Tsang Ada , Schwartz Rhonda , Wong Ken , Straus Sharon , Liu Barbara
Published: September 2022

The Senior Friendly Hospital Accelerating Change Together in Ontario program linked the Collaborative Network Model and the Senior Friendly Hospital Framework in a unique multi-hospital knowledge-to-practice initiative to improve care for hospitalized older adults. The design enabled teams from 78 Ontario hospitals to close a shared skills and knowledge gap while meeting the varied needs of their diverse contexts. Results suggest that this design meant to reduce unnecessary redundancy, while preserving requisite diversity, was successful in achieving its specific objectives: to build a collaborative network and increase the confidence, knowledge, and skills of its members sufficient to lead sustainable improvements in their unique hospital settings. Findings with special relevance to process improvement specialists, health system leaders, and hospital administrators and managers are discussed.
Canadian Association of Radiologists/Canadian Association for Interventional Radiology/Canadian Society of Thoracic Radiology Guidelines on Thoracic Interventions
Authors: Nguyen Elsie T. , Bayanati Hamid , Hurrell Casey , Aitken Matthew , Cheung Edward M. , Gupta Ashish , Harris Scott , Sedlic Tony , Taylor Jana Lyn , Gahide Gerald , Dennie Carole
Published: September 2022

Thoracic interventions are frequently performed by radiologists, but guidelines on appropriateness criteria and technical considerations to ensure patient safety regarding such interventions is lacking. These guidelines, developed by the Canadian Association of Radiologists, Canadian Association for Interventional Radiology and Canadian Society of Thoracic Radiology focus on the interventions commonly performed by thoracic radiologists. They provide evidence-based recommendations and expert consensus informed best practices for patient preparation; biopsies of the lung, mediastinum, pleura and chest wall; thoracentesis; pre-operative lung nodule localization; and potential complications and their management.
Fabrication of Electrospun Exfoliated Graphite Nanosheets/Polystyrene composite nanofiber mats
Authors: Abdelhady Saleh S , Elbadawi Rehab E , Zoalfakar Said H
Published: September 2022

The present study is an attempt to fabricate composite nanofiber mats from polystyrene (PS) loaded with exfoliated graphite nanosheets (EGNS) by using electrospinning technique. EGNS with different weight ratios of 3, 6, and 9 wt.% were added to PS (20 wt.%). The fiber diameter and morphology of the composite nanofiber mats were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results revealed that as EGNS concentration was increased, the average diameter of EGNS/PS electrospun nanofibers decreased. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to investigate the thermal properties. The tensile strengths and Young’s modulus of the composites improve with the increasing EGNS concentrations compared to PS nanofiber, which indicates 84% and 88% augmentation, respectively at 6 wt.% of EGNS. Also, the addition of EGNS increased thermal stability of composite nanofiber mats.
Simmer Down Now! A Study of Revenue Volatility and Dissolution in Nonprofit Organizations
Authors: Mayer Duncan J.
Published: September 2022

Many nonprofit organizations operate under immense financial pressure. Revenue volatility is a common target for managers to minimize under the assumption that maintaining consistent revenue enhances the viability of the organization while high revenue volatility may disrupt planning. However, the relationship between revenue volatility and the viability of nonprofit organizations is poorly understood. This article presents the first empirical test of the link between volatility and dissolution in U.S. public charities from 2010 to 2018 ( N = 2,126,894) using discrete time survival models. The results show that a 10% increase in revenue volatility predicts an increase in dissolution risk between 7% and 14%. In addition, the effect of revenue volatility varies by the age of the organization, suggesting volatility may be a greater threat to older organizations than to those newly formed. Implications for managers and future research are discussed.
An information-based explanation for partisan media sorting
Authors: Fowler Anthony , Kim Kisoo
Published: September 2022

Partisan voters tend to seek political news from media sources that match their predispositions. Scholars and pundits often attribute this partisan media sorting to psychological biases, and they typically assume that it leads voters to make worse decisions at the ballot box. To reinterpret this evidence and provide an alternative explanation, we develop two formal models of media choice—one in which voters only want to hear good news about their party and another in which voters only care about making good electoral decisions. Both models predict partisan media sorting, so sorting does not constitute evidence that voters are poorly informed or that they are driven by psychological biases. However, the models do produce competing predictions about when voters will consume more or less news and about whether signals from the news should influence vote choices. Reassessing the empirical literature, we find some support for both explanations.
Numerical investigation of nanoparticles dispersion on forced / mixed convective flows and heat transfer in a lid-driven stepped cavity configurations
Authors: Narasimha Siva Teja Purohitam , Gugulothu Santhosh Kumar , Dinesh Sankar Reddy Puchalapalli , Deepanraj Balakrishnan
Published: September 2022

With the recent trends in the manufacturing techniques of semiconductor chips, the compactness of electronic devices is getting improved. Though the computational speed is improved extensively, overcoming the heat dissipation remained the most challenging task. Buoyancy based convection in the heat sink alone is not sufficient to extract this huge amount of heat. Therefore, better heat transfer enhancement methods are essential to designing thermal efficient electronic devices. One of these techniques is the induction of forced convection by driving one of the lids of the sink. In this work, a 2-Dimensional steady-state thermal analysis of a moving lid enclosure provided with water/ (water + CuO) nanofluid for different Grashof numbers (5000, 13000, and 20000), Reynolds numbers (100, 200, 300, 400, and 500), and volume fractions (1%, 3%, and 5%) is carried out. The impact of Gr, Re, and volume concentrations on Nusselt number is studied. The design of the solid zone is studied by considering three different orientations (Frontward step, Zero step, and Rearward step). The maximum amount of heat transfer is achieved with the Frontward step for Gr = 20000, Re = 500, and 5% CuO volume concentration in pure water. For Re = 100 and Gr = 20000, Nuavg is improved by 5.49% for mixed mode of heat convection as compared to forced mode of heat convection. A heat transfer enhancement of 42.75% more than pure water is attained with a 5% CuO volume fraction of nanofluid at Re = 500 for frontward stepped geometry. However, there is a reduction in the rate of increment of (12.98% vs 16.54%) upon further addition of nanoparticles from 3 to 5% as compared to 1 to 3%.
Comparing social representations of feminism among education and engineering majors: Insights for developing feminist pedagogies
Authors: Rotaeche Patricia Fernández , Mondragon Nahia Idoiaga , Albóniga-Mayor Joana Jaureguizar
Published: September 2022

The present study uses Social Representation Theory to explore students’ representations of feminism with a view to informing principles for developing feminist pedagogies that can help foster egalitarian values among college students. The aim is to identify how Spanish students (n = 366) represent feminism and how these representations are shaped by participants’ gender, identification with feminism, or by studying feminized or masculinized disciplines. Students from Education ( n = 192), a feminized qualification, and Engineering ( n = 174), a masculinized qualification, completed a free association task using the Grid Elaboration Method to collect representations of feminism. A lexical analysis was conducted using the Reinert method. The results showed that a positive representation of feminism was the broadest (75.8%), with feminist-identified students defining feminism as a struggle for freedom. Feminist women emphasized the importance of achieving equality, and education students emphasized the importance of education in the process of women's empowerment. In contrast, 24.2% represented feminism negatively, as an extreme movement, especially engineering, non-feminist, and male students. These findings suggest that efforts aimed at developing feminist principles among students consider not only gender and feminist identification but also the context of feminized or masculinized disciplines as key spaces of gendered socialization. The study was carried out in the Basque country, Spain.
MNC effects? A cross-national comparison of the role of aerospace multinationals in the UK and Australian professional engineering skill formation systems
Authors: Bowkett Cassandra
Published: September 2022

This article undertakes a cross-national comparison of the aerospace sectors in two ‘liberal’ countries, the UK and Australia, examining how several multinational firms engage with engineering skill institutions: regulation of entry to profession, entry-level and ongoing training. The paper empirically demonstrates and theoretically argues that the social partners and employment protection institutions can in certain contexts play an important role in professional skill development. Institutional legacy matters, shaping multinational responses and providing distinct resources for various actors including unions. Tension between existing skill institutions (‘country’ or ‘sector’ effects) and the capacity of multinationals (MNCs) to shape practices are addressed. Both country cases demonstrate how MNCs may be able to shape practices in such a way that they create ‘MNC’ effects, defined as a combination of large firm/subsidiary, and ‘corporate’ effects, that affect engineering skill development for other firms.
Ownership Structure and Earnings Management in View of Effective Monitoring and Myopic Institutions Hypothesis: A Dynamic Panel Estimation
Authors: Waheed Abdul , Hussain Shahzad , Malik Qaisar Ali , Khan Shahbaz
Published: September 2022

The current research envisages the ownership structure and earnings management nexus in the context of the effective monitoring hypothesis and myopic institutions hypothesis. The ownership aspects, including, shareholdings by the management, institutions, foreign institutions, pension funds, investment companies, and mutual funds are analyzed. The study follows Kothari et al. (2005) for the estimation of discretionary accruals and applied Arellano and Bond dynamic panel estimation to test the models based on a sample of 206 non-financial firms over the period of 2015–2019. The results of the study supported the agency theory, effective monitoring hypothesis, and myopic institutions hypothesis. Consistent with the previous empirical studies, the results reveal that managerial and institutional ownership curtails earnings management practices and discourages myopic management. Furthermore, the analysis of institutional investors based on their investment objectives reveals that the ownership of pension funds and investment companies restrains earnings management practices. On the other hand, discretionary accruals increase monotonically due to the existence of ownership by mutual funds. Furthermore, the study also provides a beer insight to regulatory authorities in order to design policies in such a way that ensures the protection of minority shareholders.
A manikin study comparing the performance of traditional Macintosh laryngoscope, GlideScope®, Airtraq®, and video‐optical intubation stylet in endotracheal intubation used by emergency doctors in simulated difficult airway intubation: A pilot study
Authors: Li Yu On , Wong Oi Fung , Ko Shing , Ma Hing Man , Lit Chau Hung Albert , Shih Yau Ngai
Published: September 2022

Background:

The video‐optical intubation stylet (VS) is a slim, rigid but flexible intubating device that aids physicians to intubate patients, particularly with difficult airways.

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to compare the performance of emergency department doctors in using different intubating devices for intubation in an airway manikin simulating different difficult airway scenarios.

Methods:

Thirty emergency department doctors were recruited in a pilot study. Their performance of using traditional Macintosh laryngoscope, GlideScope®, Airtraq® and C‐MAC® Video Stylet were compared in three situations: normal, restricted cervical motion and limited oral aperture. The time for intubation, first attempt success rate, failure rate, dental injury and the subjective ease of different devices by the participants were compared.

Result:

The mean intubation time by VS in each scenario was significantly shorter compared with other devices (Normal: 19.77s vs 24.67–28.19s, p = 0.014; Cervical restriction: 20.85 vs 26.17–31.26s, p = 0.008; Limited oral aperture:19.03 vs 29.35, p = 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in failure rate or first attempt success rate. The incidence of dental injury was significantly lower with VS than other laryngoscopes (p = 0.001, p < 0.05 and p < 0.05 in normal, cervical restriction and limited oral aperture scenarios, respectively). Moreover, participants appreciated that VS was the easiest device to intubate in each scenario. (p < 0.05 in all scenarios)

Conclusion:

The performance of VS was comparable to or even better than the commonly used laryngoscopes in the emergency department in airway management. When adequate training is provided, VS can be a potentially good alternative for tracheal intubation in different situations.
Let’s Talk About Dying: An Educational Pilot Program to Improve Providers’ Competency in End-Of-Life Discussions
Authors: Kaminski Ashley
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Advance care planning (ACP) conversations occur infrequently due to lack of provider confidence-level, education, and workplace support for gaining skills in initiating goals of care and end-of-life discussions.

Methods

A 3-month quality improvement project was carried out between October 2021 to January 2022 using a short, accessible virtual presentation on provider initiation of goals of care conversations. A pre-test/post-test design was implemented using the End-of-Life Professional Caregiver Survey and frequency of ACP documentation of surgical intensive care unit providers.

Results

Over the study period, 17 providers reviewed the virtual presentation. The End-of-Life Professional Caregiver Survey sum score increased significantly from pre-to post-test ( P < .001) reflecting increased provider confidence in initiating goals of care conversations. There was also significant increase in ACP documentation from pre-intervention to the third and final monthly cycle.

Discussion

Structured education increased ICU providers confidence in having goals of care conversations and improved the frequency of ACP documentation.
Reasons for Discordance Between Life-Sustaining Treatment Preferences and Medical Orders in Nursing Facilities Without POLST
Authors: Heim Smith Nicholette L. , Sudore Rebecca L. , Myers Anne L. , Hammes Bernard J. , Hickman Susan E.
Published: September 2022

Background

Life-sustaining treatment (LST) orders are important communication tools used to ensure preference-concordant care at the end of life. Recent studies reveal concerning rates of discordance between current preferences and documented LST orders, especially in nursing facilities without POLST. Reasons for discordance in facilities using POLST have been explored, however the majority of nursing facilities in the United States do not yet use the POLST form.

Design

Qualitative descriptive study using constant comparative analysis.

Setting

Nursing facilities in Indiana ( n = 6) not using POLST.

Participants

Residents ( n = 15) and surrogate decision-makers of residents without decisional capacity (n = 15) with discordance between current preferences and documented LST orders.

Measurements

Do not resuscitate, do not hospitalize (DNH), and do not intubate (DNI) orders were extracted from medical charts. Current preferences were elicited using the Respecting Choices Advanced Steps model. A semi-structured interview guide was used to explore reasons for discordance between current preferences and LST orders.

Results

Reasons for discordance included: (1) inadequate information about the range of available LST options, what each involves, and how to formally communicate preferences; (2) no previous discussion with facility staff; (3) no documentation of previously expressed preferences; and (4) family involvement.

Conclusion

Reasons for discordance between expressed preferences and LST orders suggest that in facilities without a uniform and systematic LST order documentation strategy like POLST, these conversations may not occur and/or be documented. Staff should be aware that residents and surrogates may have preferences about LSTs that require strategic solicitation and documentation.
The Effects of Candidate Appearance on Electoral Success: Evidence from Ecuador
Authors: Carrión-Yaguana Vanessa D. , Carroll Royce
Published: September 2022

Research has shown that attractiveness can be an important factor for candidate success under many conditions. In this paper, we analyze the potential for voting environments to encourage voting based on appearance. We examine Ecuador’s 2019 municipal elections, where voters faced complex candidate choices within a highly candidate-centered electoral system. The ballots in these elections provided photos of each candidate, which enhanced the potential for candidate appearance to act as a heuristic in a context of low-information decision-making. We find that candidate attractiveness has a positive effect on candidate electoral performance, particularly when candidates are placed in the most prominent section of the ballot. We find no substantial difference by candidate gender in the effect of attractiveness overall, although the effects are more consistent for female candidates when accounting for ballot location. Further analysis utilizing gender-separated polling stations shows that the effects are strongest for female voters .
Nonlinear vibration model of sandwich beam with a shear thickening fluid core
Authors: Li Weijun , Lin Kun , Wang Kaifa , Wang Baolin
Published: September 2022

Dynamic performance of sandwich beam with shear thickening fluid (STF) core subjected to a periodic excitation is investigated. The addition of STF enables the sandwich beam to have a tuning stiffness and damping capacity under dynamic deformation. Here, the constitutive model of STF is described by a complex shear modulus related to the shear rate. The transverse moving beam is modeled based on Newtonian law and derived nonlinear equations are solved by finite difference method. It is found that the resonant frequency of the beam increases with the amplitude of the external excitation by a power law. In addition, the initial damping ratio decreases first and then increases with the increase of the amplitude of the initial excitation for the STF with shear thinning zone. The minimum value of the initial damping ratio should be avoided, which is caused by initial shear thinning. This work can be used to guide the designing of structures with enhanced damping and the preparation of STF materials for application to such structures.
Stories of Hope and Health: Wisdom From Older Mexican–American Women Who Broke Free From the Entangled Web of Love and Violence
Authors: Divin Chris A. , Volker Deborah L. , Champion Jane D.
Published: September 2022

This interpretive qualitative study explores the lived experience of intimate partner violence (IPV) among 12 older Mexican–American women aged 55–85 with past experiences of IPV to understand how it shaped their lives. Sociocultural factors that influenced the IPV experience and sustained health amidst adversity were explored. Denzin’s interpretive interactionism along with Antonovsky’s salutogenic theory guided this study. These women survived IPV and discovered ways to foster health and thrive in later years. They all vowed to break the cycle of violence for future generations. Their wisdom offers hope and has implications for healthcare professionals, future research, and advocacy efforts.
Beyond Oil Spill Cleanup, Abandoned Infrastructures Affect the Environment Too – A case study of the Lived Experiences of the Niger Delta People
Authors: Crayton Mac-Jane , Naher Nurun
Published: September 2022

Spills by multinational petroleum corporations have scarred the Niger Delta and as a result, many residents are relocating, hence, the rise of abandoned idled, and neglected infrastructures. The purpose of this study is to understand how neglected infrastructures have shaped the living conditions of people in the Niger Delta communities. Employing a phenomenological case study approach, this paper focuses on the lived experiences of the Niger Delta people of Nigeria to explain the correlation between oil exploration activities and abandoned or neglected infrastructures. Contributing to the theoretical perspective on sustainability, development, and infrastructural issues, this study finds that corruption, poor governance, lack of accountability, laws, finances, resources, and education are also factors promoting the rise of abandoned infrastructures in the Niger Delta. The findings of this study provide crucial insights to government, policymakers, and environmental justice advocates who may consider using the discussions to address socio-economic issues in developing countries.
Social justice or social stigma? Hotel customers’ perception on branded hotel used as quarantine facility
Authors: Hsu Fu Chieh , Agyeiwaah Elizabeth , Liu Jing , Scott Noel
Published: September 2022

This study provides evidence that hotels could reap benefits by including social justice notions of equity and fairness in their corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. The study develops a novel conceptual model for understanding perceived social justice in the context of COVID-19 quarantine hotels based on social exchange theory. Data was collected using an online survey of 465 hotel customers, with results analyzed using structural equation modeling and bootstrap analysis. The results show that perceived CSR is a significant antecedent of brand loyalty and identification while perceived social justice mediates this relationship. Further, most human values, except the openness to change, were found to moderate the mediated relationship between perceived CSR and brand loyalty and identification through their interaction with perceived social justice. In general, the mediating effect of perceived social justice was stronger when the hotel customers scored higher on human value dimensions. Theoretical and practical implications are also discussed.
Magnitude of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders and its Associated Factors Among Computer User Bankers in South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021
Authors: Demissie Biruk , Yenew Chalachew , Amsalu Alebachew , Yideg Yitbarek Getachew , Dagnew Baye Nega , Walle Gashaw , Asnakew Sintayehu , Minuye Binyam , Tadele Adimasu Fitalew , Tilahun Mulu Anemut , Sisay Ermias , Teshome Dagnaw Fentaw , Tegegne Eniyew
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), which are the leading cause of workplace health problems; affect workers, employers, and society as a whole following direct and indirect cost. Bankers are expected to perform at computer workstations for long periods of time. As a result, they are at risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders. Hence, this study intends to assess magnitude of work related musculoskeletal disorders and its predictors among computer user bankers in this study area.

Material and methods:

Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from September to December 2021. A total of 422 private and Public own computer user bankers were participated. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Binary logistic regression model was used to investigate the relationship between dependent and independent variables. P value less than .05 at 95% CI was considered as a significant association between dependent and independent variables.

Result:

Overall, 245 (58.8%) of computer-user bankers were suffered work-related musculoskeletal disorders in the previous 12 months. Aged 30 and above [AOR:6.5 (1.7-24.6)], no regular physical exercise [AOR: 6.03 (2.2-16.3)], not received ergonomics training [AOR: 5.46 (2.2-13.1)] and working in awkward posture [AOR: 8.76 (2.9-25.9)] were significantly associated to work related musculoskeletal disorders in the previous 12 months.

Conclusion:

The magnitude of musculoskeletal disorders among computer user bankers was high. Implementing proper working posture, regular physical exercise, avoiding prolonged use of computer and receiving ergonomics training will reduce the burden of musculoskeletal disorders among computer user bankers. The implications of the findings enhance the need for training supervision, cascading tasks taking the age of workers in to account, sustained supply of work station materials and promoting physical exercise by banks to their workers uninterruptedly.
The performative body of disabled women: Toward the politics of visibility in China
Authors: Lin Zhongxuan , Yang Liu
Published: September 2022

Disabled people are largely invisible in China, and disabled women are even more so. Therefore, it is crucial for disabled Chinese women to mobilize their performative bodies to gain visibility in public and resist marginalized and stigmatized identities. This article focuses on ‘Disabled Sisters Best’, an activist group for disabled women in China, as a case to explain how the disabled performative body can provide a site of visualization of disabled Chinese women, why this is feasible and the implications. In particular, this article takes the body as a point of departure to examine disabled women’s bodily experience, body images and social media usage, and explain how their practices of mediatizing the performative body indicate a sort of politics of visibility that may possibly alter how we see disability, sexuality and identity, in addition to altering how they are practiced and what they can be.
Migrants as ‘pawns’: Antimigrant debates on Twitter and their affinity to European border politics and discourses
Authors: Avraamidou Maria , Ioannou Maria
Published: September 2022

This article explores how Europe’s border crises in the post refugee ‘crisis’ years were discussed in the micro-blog Twitter, through an in-depth analysis of boundary making. Our focus is on the tweets of the top influencers of the hashtag #IStandWithGreece who strategically promoted ideologies ranging from white supremacism to Greek nationalism, glued together by an antimigrant stance during a border ‘crisis’ at Europe’s periphery. This network of intolerance promoted a representation of migrants as ‘pawns’; seen like a chess piece, with no value in their own right, literally pushed towards Europe by Turkey, who elevated them into a sizable threat. Within this, Europe was represented as a paradoxical other, the fallen Self, for not rising up to the opportunity to protect its sovereignty and identity through more securitization. Despite being diffused by extreme antimigrant Twitterers, we argue that these tweets offer a more overtly racist expression of otherwise mainstream European (Union) discourses and politics on migration. Effectively, #IStandWithGreece’s influencers functioned as Europe’s alter-ego mouthpiece, saying the unsayable using social media, and their affordances contributing to the normalization of an oppressive and restrictive European border management.
Different stakes, different struggles, and different practices to survive: News organizations and the spectrum of platform dependency
Authors: Pyo Jane Yeahin
Published: September 2022

As people access news via digital platforms, existing literature provides foundations for institutional approaches to news organizations’ platform dependency. Yet, platform dependency also exists on a spectrum: size, business model, and market position impact how each news organization strategizes its reliance on digital platforms. I draw on in-depth interviews with 22 South Korean news professionals to delve into different survival strategies in dealing with South Korea’s biggest search portal and news aggregator, Naver. Findings reveal that contrary to the common belief, journalists in legacy news organizations experience more pressure and compromise journalistic values with clickbait headlines. They deem their relationship with the platform more in hierarchical and inevitable terms while journalists from new, emerging organizations are relatively freer from the competition for clicks and strive for more quality journalism. However, the difference stems from the Naver platform’s news organization ranking system and its tiered visibility structure that systematically creates the difference in audience reach and news distribution.
Examining the effect of identification with a social media community on persuasive message processing and attitude change
Authors: Hale Brent J
Published: September 2022

Recent scholarship has suggested the presence of website-delineated social identities within social media platforms, couched within the social identity model of deindividuation effects, and evidenced by distinct commenting patterns between networks. This study experimentally evaluated the possibility that Imgur users self-categorize and identify with an Imgur social identity, testing this hypothesis through the lens of in-group argumentation and attitudinal conformity. Specifically, this study presented persuasive messages to individuals reporting varying levels of Imgur identification and measured resulting attitudes, manipulating message context and the presence of message-reinforcing user comments. Findings support the proposition that users identify with the Imgur community, as high-identifiers exhibited greater message processing and normative attitude change when exposed to a persuasive message from an in-group source (i.e. another Imgur user) than low identifiers. These results further our understanding of contemporary social media use, contributing to a growing body of literature exploring online social identification and persuasive message processing.
The struggle for authority and legitimacy: Lifestyle and political journalists’ discursive boundary work
Authors: Banjac Sandra , Hanusch Folker
Published: September 2022

Scholarship has pointed to an artificial hierarchy between political and lifestyle journalism that is rooted in norms and values stemming from Western-liberal thought. Within this distinction, lifestyle journalism has been subordinated as occupying a marginal or peripheral position in the field. Yet, how journalists perceive this distinction has rarely been studied empirically. This study draws on concepts of ‘boundary work’ and ‘othering’ to examine how political and lifestyle journalists discursively reinforce and contest boundaries and hierarchies. Through semi-structured interviews with 22 lifestyle and 26 political journalists and editors in South Africa, we show that political and lifestyle journalists engaged in both intra-field (self-)expansion, and (self-)expulsion and (self-)othering, by evoking several boundary markers. Boundaries were reinforced through gendered discourses, autonomy ideals, claims to specialization and accessibility in news beats and presentation, beliefs about political journalism’s preservation of humanity, and greater risks to safety of political journalists. Boundaries were challenged by politicizing lifestyle journalism and popularizing political journalism, providing a counter-narrative to political journalism’s negativity, and treating lifestyle journalism as economically beneficial.
Absolute maximum slope difference method for NPW real-time localization of leakage in pipelines
Authors: Jiang Tao , Xian Ming-Zhao , Ren Liang , Wang Jia-Jian , Li Dong-Sheng , Ansari Farhad
Published: September 2022

Pipelines provide an economical mode of transportation for hauling gas and liquids such as oil over long distances. Pipeline explosions cause massive loss of lives, and adversely impact both the environment and the economy. Accurate and automated detection of the arrival times of negative pressure waves (NPW) because of leakages is the key parameter in many pipeline leakage detection approaches. The method introduced here uses the absolute maximum difference in the slopes of NPW time-domain signals for accurate determination of the time of signal arrivals at the sensors. The proposed method involves Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensor-based detection of the leakages, and determination of the arrival of NPW signals for accurate detection of the knee-points in the signals. The main advantage in using the proposed approach is determination of exact arrival time of NPW for accurate detection of leakage point locations along the lengths of pipelines. The experimental program includes construction of two separate gas and liquid pipelines for evaluation of the absolute maximum slope difference (AMSD) method. The study includes evaluation of the differences between the proposed method and conventional visual determination of the NPW arrival times, and the actual locations of the leakage sources in the experiments. The numerical approach introduced herein enables direct integration of the proposed method, for automated real-time monitoring of pipeline leakage locations.
Intimate Partner Violence Among Sexual Minority Women: A Scoping Review
Authors: Porsch Lauren M. , Xu Mariah , Veldhuis Cindy B. , Bochicchio Lauren A. , Zollweg Sarah S. , Hughes Tonda L.
Published: September 2022

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is prevalent among sexual minority women (SMW). However, compared to IPV research with heterosexual women and other LGBTQ+ population groups, SMW are understudied. We conducted a scoping review to examine the current state of knowledge about IPV among SMW, and to identify gaps and directions for future research. A search of Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases returned 1,807 papers published between January 2000 and December 2021. After independent reviewers screened these papers for relevance, 99 were included in the final review. Papers were included if they used quantitative methods and reported IPV data on adult SMW separately from other groups. Findings confirmed high rates of IPV among SMW and highlighted groups with particular vulnerabilities, including non-monosexual women and SMW of color. Risk factors for IPV in this population include prior trauma and victimization, psychological and emotional concerns, substance use, and minority stressors. Outcomes include poor mental and physical health. Findings related to the effects of minority stressors on IPV and comparisons across sexual minority groups were inconsistent. Future research should focus on IPV perpetration; mechanisms underlying risk for IPV, including structural-level risk factors; and understanding differences among SMW subgroups.
Public Health in the Public Eye: Experiences of Ohio’s Public Health Workforce During COVID-19
Authors: Sears Jeanelle S. , Maziarz Lauren , Wilken Lara , Bussard Michelle , Knippen Kerri
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic was uniquely challenging for public health workers charged with enforcing recommendations. In the United States, media reports highlight frequent outbursts and threats from community members and elected officials regarding masking protocols, vaccine mandates, and other public health measures such as isolation/quarantining recommendations. Given this backdrop, the purpose of this study was to better understand the lived experiences of this critical workforce in the context of COVID-19. We conducted in-depth phone interviews with public health workers in Ohio (N = 11). Questions were designed to illicit workers’ experiences and sense-making of the pandemic experience. We analyzed results using the techniques of interpretive phenomenological analysis. Five major themes focused on how workers experienced public perceptions of COVID-19 and the public health response. Three themes highlight the role of media and social media in polarizing public perceptions. These we note as: Dealing with Deadlock, Feeling Misunderstood and Misrepresented, and The Rollercoaster of Public Opinion. Getting on With the Work reveals strategies used to navigate public perceptions and misperceptions. This ranged from aggressive education and information sharing, to setting boundaries around the controversial or disputed aspects of the pandemic. Finally, After the Dust Settles comments on hopes for postpandemic transformations of public health and public perceptions thereof. These results can inform new pathways for public health. Paramount among these are effective strategies that address public knowledge, values, and worldviews. Such messaging must promote nuanced understanding and customized approaches for local realities, rather than relying on rigid dichotomies that further polarization and distrust.
Netflix & Big Data: The Strategic Ambivalence of an Entertainment Company
Authors: van Es Karin
Published: September 2022

Netflix actively fueled what is known as the myth of big data, promoting their recommender system and data-driven production as cutting-edge, all-seeing, and all-knowing. Today, however, the company is increasingly acknowledging the role of human expertise and creativity. In this paper I explore the strategic repositioning of Netflix from technology company to entertainment company, enabling them to be understood as both “data” and “gut.” This transformation is discussed as motivated by the increasing public criticism of data and algorithms and the company’s foray into original programing. More specifically, I examine how Netflix, in public-facing materials, discusses big data and how those ideas are taken up in public discourse. These sources disclose an assumption of opposing characteristics between data and human expertise and creativity. As a point of a larger critique, I comment on the limitations of this data and human opposition for thinking about Netflix and technologies at large.
Preparation and properties of flame retardant air filter media by incorporation of melamine-formaldehyde fiber and phosphorous-containing poly-acrylate binder
Authors: Wang Lingxiao , Qiao Hui , Xu Guilong , Liang Yun , Yang Jin , Hu Jian
Published: September 2022

In this study, paper based pristine air filter media composed of cellulose fiber and melamine-formaldehyde (MF) fiber was prepared by wet forming method, then phosphorous-containing poly-acrylate (P-PA) emulsion was used as a strengthen binder to prepared flame retardant air filter media. Effects of MF fiber and P-PA binder content on the basic properties, mechanical properties, air permeability and char yield of the prepared air filter media were studied. The micro-structure of prepared flame retardant air filter media was observed by Scanning Electronic Microscopy. The flame retardancy mechanism of the prepared air filter media was discussed. The result shows that by incorporation of MF fiber and using P-PA binder as a strengthen binder, air filter media with excellent flame-retardancy can be prepared, which was due to a synergistic effect of gas and condensed mechanism.
Holistic Needs Assessment of Cancer Survivors—Supporting the Process Through Digital Monitoring of Circadian Physiology
Authors: Gibb Max , Winter Hannah , Komarzynski Sandra , Wreglesworth Nicholas I. , Innominato Pasquale F.
Published: September 2022

The year 2022 could represent a significant juncture in the incorporation of mHealth solutions in routine cancer care. With the recent global COVID-19 pandemic leading a surge in both observation- and intervention-based studies predominantly aimed at remote monitoring there has been huge intellectual investment in developing platforms able to provide real time analytics that are readily usable. Another fallout from the pandemic has seen record waiting times and delayed access to cancer therapies leading to exhausting pressures on global healthcare providers. It seems an opportune time to utilize this boom in platforms to offer more efficient “at home” clinical assessments and less “in department” time for patients. Here, we will focus specifically on the role of digital tools around cancer survivorship, a relevant aspect of the cancer journey, particularly benefiting from integrative approaches. Within that context a further concept will be introduced and that is of the likely upsurge in circadian-based interpretation of continuous monitoring and the engendered therapeutic modifications. Chronobiology across the 24-hour span has long been understood to control key bodily aspects and circadian dysregulation plays a significant role in the risk of cancer and also the response to therapy and therefore progressive outcome. The rapid improvement in minimally invasive monitoring devices is, in the opinion of the authors, likely to advance introducing chronobiological amendments to routine clinical practices with positive impact on cancer survivors.
Harnessing the Power of Technology to Improve Sexual and Reproductive Youth Health in Nicaragua: A Randomized Field Study
Authors: Gómez Adriana Gómez , González Carolina Alfaro , Lindenberg Catherine Strachan , Majano Sara Benítez , García Vilma Medrano , Guillen Luis F , Romanjek Mariana Harnecker , Coffman Mary
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Nicaragua is among the poorest countries in Latin America and has one of the highest adolescent pregnancy rates in the region. One in four of pregnancies are adolescents and they are more likely to experience poverty and gender and economic inequality. Method: This pilot randomized field study assessed use, satisfaction, and impact of a brief e-learning short-term intervention to improve the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) knowledge, skills, motivations, and behaviors among 14–17-year-old Nicaraguan youth. Results: While access to technology and internet were significant barriers, App and email delivery channels were feasible means for communicating with youth who had access to the internet and mobile devices. Youth who used the app were most likely to complete the entire intervention. Youth were very satisfied with the intervention (98%) and significantly improved SRH knowledge, skills and motivations, and delayed age at the first sexual encounter. Conclusion: Results are promising and indicate potential for the scalability of this type of intervention.
A development and preliminary validation of the brief version of the Japanese Academic and Athletic Identity Scale
Authors: Hagiwara Goichi , Kurita Kayoko , Hachisuka Satori , Warisawa Shinichi , Iwatsuki Takehiro , Mizuochi Fumio , Yukhymenko-Lescroart Mariya
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a brief version of the Japanese Academic and Athletic Identity Scale (AAIS-JB), which would enable the survey to be easily conducted online nationwide in Japan. In addition, this study determined the centrality of academic and athletic identities in the elite student-athletes with scholarships and the sub-elite student-athletes with no scholarships. Participants ( n = 1009) consisted of student-athletes from 20 universities (5 districts) in Japan, of which 560 were elite athletes (i.e. receiving scholarships) and 449 were sub-elite athletes (i.e. not receiving scholarships). Results showed content validity, factorial validity, and reliability of the brief version of the AAIS-JB. Both athletic and academic identities were significantly higher for the elite student-athletes than for the sub-elite student-athletes. Differences between the elite and sub-elite student-athletes provide important insights into the further development of intercollegiate sports in Japan. Sports administrators and the coaching staffs engaged with student-athletes can support student-athletes by understanding more about the dominant dimensions of their identity to maximize its positive impact on student-athletes.
‘Make sense of it’: Cult and complex TV fandoms, post-Truth discourse and an excess of meaning in Twin Peaks: Season 3
Authors: Waugh Michael
Published: September 2022

The excess of mystery and ‘meaning’ in Twin Peaks: Season 3 (2017) reflects the post-truth ontological dissonance of information overload, tantalising the thirst for answers that dominates digital communication. Combining its clues and codes with payoffs for ‘long-term fan investments’ (Hills, 2020: 197) situates the series between two modes of fan participation: the curative puzzle-solving of complex ‘Quality TV’, and cult television’s ‘hyperdiegesis’. Season 3 is complex cult television, encouraging forensic and creative engagement. Replicating the polarisation of contemporary discourse while simultaneously promoting algorithmic literacy informs Mark Frost’s politicised vision for Twin Peaks, and David Lynch’s aesthetic experiments amplify this.