bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Кто управляет Францией: 100 министров Макрона
Authors: Гаман-Голутвина Оксана , Соловьева Дарья
Published: December 2023

В статье проанализирована эволюция персонального состава правительства Франции в период президентства Э. Макрона в 2017-2023 гг. Известно, что после избрания президентом Э. Макрон инициировал широкомасштабную институциональную политическую реформу, что побудило авторов рассмотреть влияние институциональных преобразований на ротацию персонального состава министров с прицелом на их образовательный статус. Избранный ракурс обусловлен не только тем, что информация об управленческих кадрах во многом раскрывает содержание политики в целом, но и спецификой подготовки высшего управленческого эшелона Франции, под влиянием которой специализированный сегмент системы образования плотно пересекается с системой рекрутирования политической элиты страны. Гипотеза исследования состоит в том, что экономические реформы Макрона, продолжая актуальный для последних четырех десятилетий мегатренд на либерализацию глобальной и многих национальных экономик, сопровождались не просто возрастанием в высшем управленческом звене Франции доли выходцев из бизнеса, но повлекли за собой трансформацию системы рекрутирования политической элиты посредством замены профессионалов государственного управления корпоративным менеджментом. Предпринятое авторами исследование не подтвердило данные предположения. Хотя двойной “пантуфляж” становится во Франции все более распространенной практикой, пресловутая “дверь-вертушка” продолжает вращаться преимущественно в одном направлении. Более того, вопреки прогнозам Макрон даже усилил ранее сложившуюся во Франции практику в пользу большей открытости, демократичности и расширения возможностей “социальных лифтов” посредством реформы в 2022 г. “кузницы” управленческих кадров – Национальной школы администрации. Выборы 2017 г. во Франции открыли путь к министерским креслам непрофессиональным политикам и значительно обновили министерский корпус, снизив роль “старых партий” и зачастую обнулив опыт некоторых политиков. Но институциональные правила рекрутирования политической элиты страны, определенные образовательной системой и заданные ключевыми рекрутирующими вузами, по-прежнему играют определяющую роль.
Вспоминая август 1991-го: теледокументалистика как инструмент формирования памяти о политическом событии
Authors: Малинова Ольга , Карпич Юлия , Гурин Максим
Published: December 2023

В статье исследуется роль теледокументалистики в конструировании медиатизированной культурной памяти об одном из ключевых моментов новейшей истории России – попытке отстранить от власти президента СССР М.С. Горбачёва в августе 1991 г. На основе анализа документальных фильмов, которые демонстрировались по центральным российским телеканалам в 2001-2021 гг., прослеживается трансформация интерпретации августовских событий. Авторы предлагают методологию исследования документальных телефильмов как инструментов формирования культурной памяти об историческом событии, учитывающая не только содержание медиатекста, но и художественные приемы. В работе прослеживается, как менялись нарративы о неудавшемся перевороте ГКЧП от одной юбилейной даты к другой. Фильмы, подготовленные в 2001 г., еще опирались на официальный нарратив 1990-х годов, рассматривая поражение путча ГКЧП как победу демократических сил. Однако уже в 2006 г. фокус сместился с демократической революции на распад СССР, и в дальнейшем события августа 1991 г. стали интерпретироваться исключительно как поворотный момент на пути к этому трагическому финалу. Используя общий набор видеоматериалов, теледокументалисты во многом сформировали набор образов, с которыми стал ассоциироваться путч ГКЧП. Вместе с тем анализ выявляет характерные лакуны в этом видеоряде: на федеральном телевидении августовский путч в качестве триггера распада СССР представлен как исключительно “московская” история, а рассказы политиков, некогда включенных в конфликт, со временем полностью вытеснили нарратив рядовых участников.
Динамика массового сознания россиян: экстраординарная ситуация или начало нового цикла?
Authors: Латов Юрий
Published: December 2023

На основе базы данных общероссийского социологического опроса по репрезентативной выборке, проведенного Институтом социологии ФНИСЦ РАН в июне 2023 г. и сопоставляемого с предыдущими мониторинговыми опросами 2010-2020-х годов, рассмотрено, насколько массовое сознание современных россиян соответствует объективным требованиям национального мобилизационного развития. Проанализирована динамика показателей массового сознания, характеризующих оценки гражданами ситуации в стране (включая оценки социальной напряженности), а также соответствие этой ситуации их нормативным ожиданиям (например, оценки пути развития России, запрос на перемены). Сделан вывод, что в сравнении с данными опроса в марте 2022 г. практически все рассмотренные показатели улучшились. Современную ситуацию правомерно рассматривать как фазу нового цикла изменения социального самочувствия, который в значительной степени аналогичен предыдущему циклу 2014-2017 гг. Поставлен вопрос о чередовании долгих (по четыре-шесть лет) циклических периодов, связанных с шоковыми событиями, и промежуточных коротких “спокойных” периодов как об основной форме динамики массового сознания россиян в условиях современного мобилизационного развития.
Смысл власти и власть смысла: прагмасемантика соотношения политической власти и смыслообразования
Authors: Тульчинский Григорий
Published: December 2023

Возникновение и удержание политической власти предполагают формирование некой смысловой картины мира, которая объясняет и оправдывает порядки, реализуемые этой властью. Доминирование такой смысловой картины мира является базой для легитимности власти, консолидации социума, общности идентичности. Смысловая картина мира многослойна и подвижна, в ее формировании принимают участие не только политический класс, но и гуманитарные науки, система образования, личный опыт. Прагмасемантический подход позволят представить этот процесс как каскад интерфейсов (контекстов) смыслообразования, каждый из которых операционализируется как ценностно-регулятивная система (ЦРС). С этой точки зрения политическая власть предстает ЦРС, которая для обоснования влияния на упорядочение других претендует на доминирующую смысловую картину мира. Концептуальный анализ опирается на содержание, представленное в пятитомнике В.П. Макаренко, проделавшего обстоятельную работу по систематизации идей и концепций политической науки в ее современном состоянии, выявившую парадоксальность и противоречивость ее теоретических построений. Аналитика приводит к выводу, что понимание концепта власти на уровне общих понятий ведет к парадоксальному аналогу теодицеи или множества всех множеств в основаниях математики. Без власти индивиды не могут образовать общность, необходимую для достижения блага каждого из них, но при этом любая власть есть ограничение, подавление субъектности. Поэтому, так же как в теодицее или в основаниях математики, конкретные содержательные характеристики применимы не к власти вообще, а к конкретным ее проявлениям. Для развития социума важна конструктивная вариативность осмысления действительности и форматы организации власти, способные порождать и поддерживать такую вариативность. Тем самым и в политической теории необходим переход от оперирования общими абстракциями к конструктивному пониманию процессуальности и операциональности политики применительно к конкретным социумам с учетом их актуальных проблем и исторического опыта. Данная тематика приобретает нетривиальное значение в наши дни, когда радикально меняются форматы ЦРС в управлении, бизнесе, науке, образовании, искусстве, личной жизни. Современные информационно-коммуникативные технологии в цифровом формате обеспечивают широкий доступ к источникам и каналам информации, открывая возможности непосредственной презентации и трансляции мнений, оценочных переживаний, эмоционально окрашенных образов. При этом государство получает исключительные возможности контроля за содержанием этих информационных потоков, их пользователями. Социальная ответственность, ее содержание, институты ее реализации приобретают новое качество, предъявляя новые вызовы и запросы к морали и праву, каждой личности.
Examining the relationship between online distribution channels and tourist satisfaction and loyalty
Authors:   Department of Applied Economics, Faculty of Economics, University of Burgos, Spain, Antón-Maraña Paula , Puche-Regaliza Julio César ,   Department of Applied Economics, Faculty of Economics, University of Burgos, Spain, Arranz-Val Pablo ,   Department of Applied Economics, Faculty of Economics, University of Burgos, Spain, Aparicio-Castillo Santiago ,   Department of Applied Economics, Faculty of Economics, University of Burgos, Spain
Published: December 2023

Although the Internet and e-commerce have contributed positively to the tourism sector, there is not much empirical research on the transformation of distribution channels or that considers the use of the Internet in travel planning as an antecedent of tourist satisfaction and loyalty. This paper aims to test the influence of online distribution channels in trip planning by tourists on their general satisfaction level and their loyalty towards the destination and to differentiate the profile of digital and traditional tourists. Quantitative research techniques are used to analyse the dataset of 1,387 surveys of tourists visiting the province of Burgos, Spain. Among those surveyed, 65% search for information online and 54% book or pay for services online. According to ordinal regression analysis, the use of online channels does not significantly influence the level of satisfaction, but according to binary logistic regression, it does significantly influence loyalty. The findings provide valuable information for developing marketing strategies in tourism organisations and support decision-makers in creating competitive tourism destinations that are resilient to the demographic challenge of depopulation.
Using data envelopment analysis to evaluate the efficiency of creative tourism in Portugaly in Portugal
Authors:   Centre of Studies in Geography and Spatial Planning – CEGOT, University of Coimbra, Portugal, Ghanian Mansour , Remoaldo Paula ,   Landscape, Heritage and Territory Laboratory – Lab2PT, University of Minho, Portugal
Published: December 2023

This paper presents an indicator system for evaluating Creative Tourism activities developed in four regions of Portugal through CREATOUR’s pilot projects. It is a quantitative study based on primary and secondary sources. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to evaluate the efficiency of those projects as decision-making units (DMUs). Data analysis was performed using Excel and EMS software. The results show that the overall level of tourism efficiency is relatively high, and most pilots in each region have full efficiency. However, there is still room for improvement in some of them. Based on the results of this study, Portuguese creative tourism professionals need to pay more attention to social capital and job creation as the factors that have the greatest impact on improving efficiency. This is the first study to assess the effectiveness of a pilot project in creative tourism. Therefore, the results of this study can pave the way for implementing Creative Tourism projects in other parts of the world.
HLA-genotype-based Predictive Diagnosis of T-cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Infection Powered by Machine Learning
Authors: Lisziewicz Robert , Oviedo Felipe , Szasz Andras , Ferres Juan , Lori Franco , Lisziewicz Julianna
Published: December 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated the development of efficient diagnostic tools to predict T-cell responses, which are crucial for viral clearance and protection against reinfection. Current diagnostic tests lack the ability to predict the epitope repertoire of an individual that induces T-cell responses. Methods: We developed VERDI, a new machine learning-based diagnostic tool that leverages the sequence data of all the six HLA class I alleles of an individual to rank all putative epitopes based on their potential to induce T-cell responses. VERDI was trained on a comprehensive clinical dataset of 920 SARS-CoV-2 epitopes and validated using an independent dataset collected for the FDA-approved T-detect COVID test. We compared VERDI's performance with existing HLA-allele-based models through statistical analyses. Results: Our findings reveal that VERDI's top-ranked epitopes accurately represent the individual's epitope repertoire that participates in T-cell responses. VERDI outperformed current models, improving T-cell response prediction recall by threefold and precision by eightfold. It exhibited exceptional diagnostic accuracy, precision, and recall in predicting the potency of the top 20 epitopes. Despite experimental limitations that allow testing of only 1% of putative epitopes, VERDI accurately predicted 30% of these, implying a potentially higher accuracy if broader testing were feasible. Notably, the mean potency of the top-ranked epitopes predicted by VERDI, which reflects the strength of an individual's SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses, exhibited a Gaussian distribution. Conclusions: VERDI is the first diagnostic tool that uses the complete HLA genotype data to predict the breadth and strength of an individual's T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Its ability to accurately identify the potency of epitopes involved in individual T-cell responses and its superior performance compared to the state-of-the-art make it a new resource for personalized vaccine design and disease management.
Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD): A General Overview and Approach in Clinical Practice
Authors: Than Nwe
Published: December 2023

Metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) or previously known Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common condition with an estimated global prevalence of around 30%. It is becoming a public health concern due to its close association with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. It is important to screen for those with inflammation and fibrosis to halt the progression to cirrhosis. Cirrhosis is associated with liver related complications and liver cancer. Currently, there are no targeted treatments for MASLD at this stage and most treatments are currently in clinical trials. The focus of treatment had been on managing underlying risk metabolic risk factors. The purpose of this review to inform the readers of the change in the nomenclature from NAFLD to MASLD. This review will also focus on the background of MASLD, the pathogenesis as well as assessment and treatment of patients with MASLD.
Role of metal complexes in oxidative stress and ROS generation leading to Cancer
Authors: Mahanty Subhajit , Saha Dipankar , Choudhuri Soumitra , Majumder Surajit
Published: December 2023

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are recognized as essential participants in normal cellular processes, while their intricate involvement in the emergence of various diseases, notably cancer, has garnered significant attention. Elevated levels of ROS isassociated with pro-tumorigenic signalling, heightened cell survival, increased proliferation, and DNA damage, thereby making substantial contributions to the genetic instability. Intriguingly, at elevated levels, ROS paradoxically initiate anti-tumorigenic signalling pathways, thereby instigating cell death through oxidative stress. In this comprehensive review, a focus is given on ROS generation, which encompasses both endogenous and exogenous sources that collectively referred to as oxidative stress. To provide a comprehensive understanding, an exploration of the structural, chemical, and biochemical aspects of free radicals is undertaken.Diverse sources contributing to ROS generation, including metal-mediated free radical formation is also discussed. This review additionally conducts an in-depth examination of oxidative stress within the context of cancer. Moreover, noteworthy contributions of key antioxidant enzymes, namely, superoxide dismutase, catalaseand glutathione peroxidase over the multifaceted landscape of carcinogenesis have been discussed, drawing insights from a multitude of studies. Understanding the intricate interplay between pro- and anti-tumorigenic ROS signalling pathways offers a multitude of potential avenues for cancer therapy. The disrupted redox balance observed in cancer cells presents promising opportunities for ROS manipulation, thereby emerging as a viable and innovative treatment strategy. This present review may serve as an invaluable resource, offering profound insights into the multifaceted roles of ROS in cancer while simultaneously highlighting their therapeutic potential, thereby paving the way for novel and effective cancer interventions.
Polio Eradication Efforts in India
Authors: CHOUDHaRY RAJ
Published: December 2023

With the global initiative of eradication of polio in 1988 following World Health Assembly resolution, pulse polio immunization program was launched in India in 1995 with goal to eradicate Polio from the world. This involves a high risk population that is children in the age group of 0-5 years, were administered polio drops on a single day through out the nation. India is working on four pillars of polio eradication: Routine immunization Supplementary immunization Surveillance Target mop-up campaign With continuous efforts, India has been removed from the list of polio-endemic countries. India continues to hold one NID and two Sub National Immunization Days for polio every year to maintain population immunity against wild poliovirus and to sustain its polio-free status.
The Co-expression of HER Family Members and CD109 is common in Pancreatic Cancer.
Authors: Khan Tanzeel , Seddon Alan , Khelwatty Said , Dalgleish Angus , Bagwan Izhar , Mudan Satvinder , Modjtahedi Helmout
Published: December 2023

In the absence of biomarkers for the early detection of pancreatic cancer and the development of more effective therapeutic interventions, pancreatic cancer is projected to become the second leading cause of death from cancer in the Western world. In the past four decades, aberrant expression and activation of human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, also called HER) family members have been reported in a wide range of human cancers. Currently, of the various types of drugs targeting one or more members of the HER family, only the EGFR-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib and more recently Zenocutuzumab, a HER-2/HER3 bispecific antibody, were granted breakthrough therapy designation by the FDA for the treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer. However, the therapeutic benefit may be modest in some patients. Hence there is an urgent need for the identification of biomarkers as prognostic indicators, therapeutic targets, and for the response to therapy and the development of more effective therapeutic agents for this highly heterogeneous cancer. In this study, for the first time, we investigated the relative expression and prognostic significance of all members of the HER family, the type-III EGFR mutant (EGFRvIII), and CD109 in tissue microarrays (TMAs) and whole tumour specimens (WTS) from pancreatic cancer patients by immunohistochemistry. We found the positive expression of wild-type EGFR (wt-EGFR) (63%, 4.7%), HER2 (75%, 14%), HER3 (none, 14%), HER4 (45%, 21%), EGFRvIII (5%, 3%), and CD109 (67%, 55%) in TMAs (USA) and WTS (UK) from pancreatic cancer patients respectively. Our results also show that the co-expression of HER family members with CD109 occurs frequently in patients with pancreatic cancer. In addition, the co-expression of HER4/CD109 may also be associated with poorer overall survival in such patients. In this article, we shall discuss these findings and their implications and future opportunities for more effective targeting of HER positive pancreatic cancer using the HER inhibitors in combination with other drugs and therapeutic interventions.
The Effect of Healthcare Workers' Suffering Violence on their Organizational Commitment During the Covid-19 Pandemic: The Case of Türkiye
Authors: ERİŞ Hüseyin , BÜYÜKASLAN Hasan , BUCAK Feray , KAYA Aslı
Published: December 2023

Purpose: The rate of violence that increased in the healthcare sector in recent years increased more during the COVID-19 pandemic. This situation caused several problems like depression, anxiety, and professional and organizational commitment among healthcare workers. This study aims to determine whether healthcare workers who worked for State and Private Hospitals in Şanlıurfa, Turkey, suffered any type of violence (verbal, physical, and sexual) at least one time during the pandemic and the effect of this incident on the organizational commitment level of healthcare workers. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted between 01.02.2022 and 30.05.2022, and 408 healthcare workers on duty participated and completed the questionnaire. Results: 70.6% of the healthcare workers stated they suffered violence during the COVID-19 pandemic. When examining the type of violence that healthcare workers suffered, 52.9% of them stated they suffered verbal violence, 4.2% of them stated they suffered physical violence, and 24% of those stated they suffered both verbal and physical violence. The rate of those who did not suffer violence was 18.9%. Conclusion: That the regression coefficient was negative means that there was a negative relationship between the level of violence and the loyalty of workers; as the level of violence increased, the level of worker loyalty decreased, or similarly, as the level of violence decreased, the level of worker loyalty increased. In other words, it was expected that a 1-unit decrease in the level of violence would lead to a 0.260-unit increase in the level of worker loyalty.
Narrative Research on Understanding Workplace Violence in Healthcare: Insights from Healthcare Professionals
Authors: MATHUR MEDHA
Published: December 2023

Background: Narrative research provides a unique and insightful approach to understanding personal experiences and narratives. This interviewing method allows participants ample time and scope to reflect upon their stories, enabling a deeper examination of the transformative elements within their narratives. We conducted narrative interviews in the form of a survey among healthcare professionals, focusing on the pressing issue of workplace violence (WPV). Our primary aim was to emphasize the significance and effectiveness of narrative interviews, especially when dealing with sensitive topics. Methodology: A multicentric, cross-sectional study was conducted across India, using narrative interviews with healthcare professionals for a period of three months of duration (July 2022 to September 2022). An interview guide was designed and validated, and narrative interviews were conducted in a hybrid mode. The transcribed interviews were subjected to narrative analysis. Results: Thirty-one healthcare professionals participated in the study, all of whom had either witnessed or experienced WPV. The participants identified inadequate communication, high patient-doctor ratio, and inadequate security measures as the primary factors contributing to WPV. These incidents result in adverse psychological effects and a decrease in work performance in healthcare providers. The participants expressed the importance of increasing awareness about the prevalence and detrimental effects of WPV, as well as the need to implement effective strategies to prevent and address it through narrative research. Conclusion: Narrative research is a powerful tool to understand the in-depth feelings and perceptions of people on sensitive topics. In this study, healthcare professionals perceived WPV as an important area of concern in clinical practice. Poor communication skills and, a high patient-doctor ratio were the key causes.
Dietary potassium intake and blood pressure: possible beneficial effect of Paleolithic diet.
Authors: Koulouridis Ioannis , Qari Maha , Koulouridis Efstathios
Published: December 2023

Potassium is one of the most important elements of human organism. Its main distribution in the intracellular space makes it an essential component of intracellular volume regulation on the other hand extracellular/ intracellular potassium ratio determines the resting membrane potential. This later capability of potassium makes essential the necessity of maintaining extracellular potassium levels in a narrow range limit between 3.5 and 5.5 mEq/L in order to avoid dangerous dysfunction of excitable cells such as myocardium, neuronal cells and muscle cells. Because of asymmetric potassium distribution between intracellular and extracellular space there is a continuous need to excrete the excess of potassium ingested by food in a diurnal basis. The main site of potassium excretion is the distal nephron and it is coupled directly with the amount of sodium and solute delivered to this segment of the nephron. Although the very early segment of distal convoluted tubule has no ability to excrete potassium it is capable to regulate the amount of sodium chloride delivered downstream the nephron and by this way is implicated indirectly in potassium excretion. Newer data suggest that this segment of the nephron responds to increased extracellular levels of potassium by reducing sodium chloride cotransporter activity and so increases sodium delivery to distal nephron for exchange with potassium and leads to kaliuresis as well as natriuresis. It is believed that this mechanism is responsible for the beneficial effect of increased potassium intake in ameliorating hypertension even in cases of increased salt intake. In this review article, under the light of recent discoveries, we try to elucidate the complex underlying mechanisms of increased potassium intake and blood pressure regulation as well as the possible beneficial effect of Paleolithic diet upon hypertension.
Evaluation of Abdominopelvic Vascular Compression Syndromes using Computed Tomography
Authors: A Jha , P Ghimire , N Paudel , B Sah
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Various abdominopelvic vascular compression syndromes can cause a wide spectrum of symptoms which can be diagnosed incidentally in asymptomatic patients or in patients in which imaging was done for other indications. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the typical imaging findings of superior mesenteric artery syndrome, median arcuate ligament syndrome, nutcracker syndrome, and May-Thurner syndrome using computed tomography and correlating with clinical symptoms. Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study was performed on patients who were referred for computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis for various indications. Different measurements, ratios, and common symptoms for superior mesenteric artery syndrome, median arcuate ligament syndrome, nutcracker syndrome, and May-Thurner syndrome are discussed separately under each heading. Result: A total of 35 patients were included in this study with 10 patients each with superior mesenteric artery syndrome, median arcuate ligament syndrome, and nutcracker syndrome with five patients of May-Thurner syndrome. Out of 35, 24(68.5%) were female and 11(31.5%) were male. SMAS: The mean age of individuals was 32.7 ± 17.5 years with a mean aortomesenteric angle of 18.3º and aortomesenteric distance of 6.2 mm. MALS: The mean age of patients was 34.3± 15.8 years and the mean thickness of the median arcuate ligament was 5.4 mm. NCS: The mean age of patients was 37 ± 22 years and the mean compression ratio was 3.9. MTS: Mean age was 45± 14.2 years with mean diameter of LCIV 2.4 mm. Conclusion: Abdominopelvic compression syndromes are rare and often underdiagnosed because of a lack of awareness among clinicians and radiologists. Contrast-enhanced triple-phase computed tomography is performed to maximize the visibility of involved vessels in different planes and allow the identification of typical imaging features and possible complications.
"Exploring Diverse Presentations of extra nodal Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A Comprehensive Study of Clinical Staging, Treatment, and Controversies.
Authors: Nigam Akshay , Sharma Anupama , Sharma Girish , Singh Sanjeev
Published: December 2023

Lymphoma involves abnormal lymphoid cell growth, often originating in lymphatic tissue, but in this case series non-Hodking's lymphoma is visible in the extra-nodal region. This research explores different lymphoma cases, focusing on diverse presentations and utilizing modern imaging for evaluation. Four cases are detailed, involving an 18-year-old woman with tonsillar lymphoma, a 69-year-old man with ocular lymphoma, a 38-year-old lady with abdominal lymphoma, and a 30-year-old man with gastric lymphoma. All cases received adjuvant chemotherapy (RCHOP), leading to significant symptom relief after four cycles. The discussion highlights the debate surrounding the classification of primary extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), challenging the existing Ann Arbor classification's applicability. A major challenge in managing primary extranodal lymphomas is the absence of specific treatment guidelines. Evaluation criteria, defining complete response as the disappearance of all evidence of the disease, guided the study. In conclusion, this case series underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosing, staging, and managing non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Despite challenges in defining and treating primary extranodal non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, the study demonstrates the effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy in providing relief, as all the cases revealed recovery after 4 continuous cycles of chemotherapy.
Advances in bone grafting techniques for dental implants: A comprehensive review
Authors: Kale Preeti Prakash , Kant Krishan , Kshirsagar Jyoti , Pasha Zameer , Deshmukh Kunal Shankarrao
Published: December 2023

Successful implant placement is highly dependent on the quality and quantity of available bone in the implant site. In cases where patients present with inadequate bone volume, bone grafting procedures have become essential to create a suitable environment for implant integration. This comprehensive review article aims to provide a detailed overview of the latest advances in bone grafting techniques for dental implants. The review also explores different bone grafting procedures, such as guided bone regeneration (GBR), sinus lifts, and socket preservation, with an emphasis on the key principles, indications, and surgical techniques involved.
Knowledge of periodontal diseases, oral hygiene practices, and self-reported periodontal problems among patients visiting a tertiary dental care centre in Trivandrum, Kerala
Authors: Sasi Anoop , Suchitra A , Kumar Santhosh S , Ramesh Roshni , Mohamed Shahana C
Published: December 2023

: The prevalence of periodontal diseases is increasing globally. This can be attributed to the deficits in the health care system, especially in educating the public about periodontal diseases, and oral hygiene practices. This issue is more severe among people living in remote and rural areas where accessibility to dental health care education is difficult. This study aims to assess the oral hygiene practices, knowledge of periodontal diseases, and self-reported periodontal problems among adults visiting the tertiary dental care centre in Trivandrum, Kerala

: This cross-sectional study employed a pretested and validated questionnaire to assess the three main constructs of periodontal knowledge, practices, and self-reported periodontal health issues among adults aged more than 18 years. All the patients who visited the outpatient department of periodontology at Government Dental College, who gave informed consent were administered the questionnaire.

: Two hundred and twenty-nine study participants responded with a slight female gender predilection. 89.1% reported periodontal health problems. Good knowledge of periodontal diseases and oral hygiene practices was seen among 48.5% and 44.1% of the study respondents. Rural residents were found to be at a higher risk of poor periodontal knowledge and oral hygiene practices, and more self-reported periodontal health issues. The level of education also showed a significant association with periodontal knowledge and practices.

: The findings of the study shed light on the need for devising effective educational interventions to improve the periodontal knowledge and practices of adults. Incorporating health promotional interventions into the clinical treatment regime, designing a hospital setting-based intervention with the help of house surgeons and post-graduates, and reinforcement of health education at regular intervals were a few recommendations to enhance the knowledge, practices and the oral health care seeking nature of general population.
MACROALGAS MARINAS AFECTADAS POR LA FLOTA DE ARRASTRE CAMARONERO EN EL MAR CARIBE DE COLOMBIA
Authors: Flórez-Leiva Lennin , Manjarrés-Martínez Luis , Gómez-Canchong Paúl , Duarte Luis Orlando , Díaz-Pulido Guillermo
Published: December 2023

La pesca acompañante se ha convertido en un tema de preocupación mundial debido al impacto que las pesquerías ejercen sobre los ecosistemas marinos. Las evaluaciones de las capturas han hecho énfasis en las especies de peces e invertebrados, pero no existían estudios que evaluaran las comunidades de macroalgas afectadas por la pesca de arrastre, a pesar de que estas comunidades juegan un rol importante en la estructura y complejidad de los ecosistemas marinos. Este estudio evaluó la composición taxonómica y la biomasa de macroalgas en las capturas de 66 lances de pesca muestreados por observadores a bordo, en las zonas de pesca al norte y al sur de la desembocadura del río Magdalena, Caribe colombiano, entre julio y septiembre de 2004. Se identificaron un total de 16 taxa de macroalgas. En promedio, la biomasa de macroalgas (0-0.15 kg.h-1 en el norte y 0-10 kg.h-1 en el sur) fue mayor en la zona sur y fue consistentemente menor que las biomasas de camarones y descartes en ambas zonas. La presencia de macroalgas en la captura acompañante de la flota de arrastre camaronero y la actividad pesquera ejercida continuamente durante casi cinco décadas en el Mar Caribe de Colombia, indican que es urgente implementar modificaciones en las redes para disminuir su efecto abrasivo sobre las comunidades bentónicas.
VENENOS DE SERPIENTES Y MOLÉCULAS ANTIVENENO
Authors: Duque Osorio Juan Fernando , Sánchez Adalberto , Fierro Leonardo , Garzón Silverio , Castaño Rafael Santiago
Published: December 2023

Los accidentes ofídicos pueden producir hemorragias (causadas por SVMPs), mionecrosis (causadas por PLAs) y dolor, y anualmente 50 mil de éstos son fatales, especialmente en los trópicos. Las terapias convencionales por inmunoglobulinas son sólo parcialmente efectivas y pueden producir efectos inmunes adversos, por lo cual se están estudiando proteínas antiveneno naturales de mamíferos [DM43 (antihemorragina) y DM64 (antimiotóxica) de la zarigueya (Maruspialia: Didelphis)] que han demostrado ser más efectivas. Además las PLAs y SVMPs venenosas tienen sus contrapartes endógenas normales no venenosas (PLAs y MMPs) en animales como los humanos, y cuando el balance entre estas últimas y sus inhibidores se rompe, se producen patologías como: artritis, arterioesclerosis, asma, diabetes, choques sépticos, neoplasias, inflamaciones, psoriasis, reumatismo, etc. Además de estos aspectos médicos se repasa la evolución de las serpientes y sus sistemas de veneno, concluyéndose que falta información sobre, entre otros: la parafilética y muy diversa familia “colubridae”; “carreras armamentistas evolutivas” entre serpientes venenosas y sus presas; la inusual (desafía la teoría neutral de la evolución molecular) y acelerada evolución de las moléculas de veneno de serpientes.
SUPERVIVENCIA DE LOS SAURIOS DEL JARDÍN BOTÁNICO DE BARRANQUILLA
Authors: Ferrer C. Jorge , González V. Marlon
Published: December 2023

Se presenta un listado de 10 especies de saurios presentes en el Jardín Botánico de Barranquilla, producto de 48 días de muestreos, 11 de ellos nocturnos, entre los meses de diciembre de 1999 a octubre del 2000 y febrero y marzo del 2004. Se hace una anotación breve para cada especie y se mencionan los lugares dentro del jardín donde se les observó. Se destaca una aparente concentración de especies habitantes de la hojarasca que vienen a ser pequeñas lagartijas de las especies Lepidoblepharis sanctaemartae, Bachia bicolor y Gymnophthalmus speciosus entre otras. Adicionalmente se proveen claves de identificación de estas especies presentes en el Jardín Botánico de Barranquilla.
LAS PLANTAS COMO EVIDENCIA LEGAL. DESARROLLO DE LA BOTÁNICA FORENSE EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Fernández-Alonso José Luis , Galindo Bonilla Aída , Idrobo Jesús M.
Published: December 2023

La botánica aporta información de gran importancia en el ámbito forense para el estudio de la escena de los hechos en los procesos de investigación judicial. En Colombia, desde comienzos de siglo XX se vienen realizando solicitudes judiciales para determinar, la causa de muerte por ingestión de plantas tóxicas y más recientemente la identificación de elementos materia de prueba procedentes de los cultivos ilícitos. Acá se muestra el estado del tema en el país, con base en los registros oficiales del Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses y del Instituto de Ciencias Naturales de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, que reflejan un incremento de las solicitudes judiciales referentes a plantas de coca, amapola y marihuana. Se presentan algunos avances y perspectivas sobre el tema y se tratan las principales plantas de interés forense y algunos aspectos sobre protocolos de recolección, tratamiento e identificación de muestras.
SISTEMAS MORFOGÉNICOS CONTRASTADOS EN EL NORTE DE LA CORDILLERA CENTRAL COLOMBIANA
Authors: Hermelín Michel , Hermelín Michel
Published: December 2023

La regionalización de los procesos geomorfológicos en las montañas intertropicales ofrece varias dificultades que no se resuelven con la simple aplicación a los pisos altitudinales del concepto zonal, basado en la latitud. Se presentan diferencias notorias en los rangos y las frecuencias de los procesos que hacen necesaria una agrupación sui generis. En el caso de la región norte de la Cordillera Central de Colombia, la persistencia de los altiplanos, desarrollados sobre gruesos mantos de saprolitos, plantea la larga duración de procesos de meteorización química sin que intervengan simultáneamente fenómenos erosivos de importancia, tal como lo demuestra la preservación de minerales volcánicos procedentes de caídas de ceniza con edades hasta de 5 millones de años. Episodios erosivos cortos, evidenciados por capas de gravas intercaladas, no modificaron sustancialmente la topografía y se interpretan con base en datos obtenidos por fotoluminiscencia como resultado de condiciones más secas y más erosivas asociadas con el último máximo glacial. Por otra parte, las vertientes sufren procesos erosivos intensos no solo causados por fenómenos climáticos como aguaceros intensos y prolongados, sino por sismos de magnitud >6.0 que generan múltiples procesos con grandes consecuencias tanto en la modificación de geoformas como en el suministro de sedimentos. Las condiciones anteriores dan como resultado la coexistencia de sistemas morfogenéticos contrastados bajo condiciones climáticas similares.
PRODUCCIÓN Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DE PELÍCULAS CERÁMICAS SINTETIZADAS POR EL MÉTODO SOL-GEL PARA APLICACIÓN ANTICORROSIVA: SiO2-ZrO2 SOBRE ACERO INOXIDABLE Y SiO2-TiO2 SOBRE FÍSICA ACERO AL CARBÓN
Authors: Bautista-Ruiz Jorge H. , Ortiz César , Vera Enrique , Rodríguez-Páez Jorge E.
Published: December 2023

En el presente trabajo se indica la metodología utilizada para consolidar soles estables y componer películas delgadas cerámicas de SiO2-ZrO2 y SiO2-TiO2, a partir del tetrabutóxido de titanio (TBT), tetra etil-ortosilicato (TEOS) y tetrabutóxido de zirconio (TBZ) utilizando el método SOL-GEL. El estudio se centró principalmente en la caracterización de las propiedades dieléctricas del cerámico mediante Espectroscopia de Impedancia Electroquímica (EIS). Adicionalmente, se llevó a cabo un análisis con Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido (SEM) para determinar la homogeneidad de los recubrimientos. Se encontró que para las mismas condiciones de concentración y velocidad de extracción la respuesta anticorrosiva de las películas cerámicas depositadas sobre sustratos de acero AISI304 es más eficiente que para las películas depositadas sobre acero al carbón.
A CHARACTERIZATION OF WEAKLY REGULAR LINEAR FUNCTIONALS
Authors: Marcellán Francisco , Sfaxi Ridha
Published: December 2023

A linear functional is said to be weakly-regular if it is not a finite sum of Dirac masses and their derivatives. In this paper, we consider the first-order linear differential equations (Eu)'+Fu=0 where u is a non-zero linear functional and (E,F) is a pair of polynomials, with E  monic. The aim of this work is to give weak-regularity conditions on u. Under certain admissibility conditions of the pair (E, F), the weak-regularity of u leads to its regularity. Some examples are analyzed.
LA DIVERSIDAD POBLACIONAL DE COLOMBIA EN EL TIEMPO Y EL ESPACIO: ESTUDIO CRANEOMÉTRICO
Authors: Rodríguez C. José V.
Published: December 2023

Se estudian mediante análisis multivariado 17 muestras craneológicas de Colombia, que abarcan distintos períodos (Precerámico, Formativo, Tardío, Contemporáneo) y regiones (Andes Orientales, Valles del Magdalena y Cauca, Caribe, Nariño). Se evalúa el dimorfismo sexual mediante pruebas estadísticas (Kolmogorov-Smirnov), el grado de diferenciación de los grupos colombianos (prueba Kruskal-Wallis) y sus agrupaciones según similitud craneométrica (análisis discriminante, componentes principales y conglomerados jerárquicos). Igualmente se comparan con muestras de América, Siberia, Australia, Melanesia, Polinesia y Japón. Se propone un proceso microevolutivo entre los cazadores recolectores y plantadores tempranos con las poblaciones agroalfareras, un tronco ancestral común entre las poblaciones andinas y del valle del río Cauca. Con relación a la problemática del poblamiento de América se señala que los primeros pobladores provenían del noreste de Asia, con rasgos mesomorfos, cuyos relictos podrían conservarse en los paleoamericanos colombianos (Tequendama, Aguazuque) y en poblaciones contemporáneas de Brasil (Botocudo) y California (Pericú). No se confirma la pregonada relación con los australo-melanesios, ni la interrupción evolutiva entre paleoamericanos e indígenas contemporáneos, ni las oleadas migratorias tardías hacia los Andes Orientales.
ACUMULACIÓN DE Pb, Cd Y Zn EN SEDIMENTOS ASOCIADOS A RHIZOPHORA MANGLE, EN EL RÍO SEVILLA, CIÉNAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA, COLOMBIA
Authors: Parra Juan Pablo , Espinosa Luisa Fernanda
Published: December 2023

En sedimento asociado a la especie Rhizophora mangle del Río Sevilla- Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta (CGSM), se realizaron dos ensayos de contacto para evaluar la capacidad de adsorber los metales Cd, Pb y Zn y la competencia de estos metales por los sitios de adsorción. Las mediciones se hicieron por espectrometría de emisión atómica de plasma inductivamente acoplado (ICPAES). La isoterma de Langmuir mostró el siguiente comportamiento de adsorción Pb>>Cd>Zn, lo cual guarda una estrecha relación con lo observado en el sistema natural, donde la mayor concentración de las formas no biodisponibles fue de Pb. Por otra parte, se realizaron ensayos de desorción en función de la salinidad, de los cuales se evidenció una fuerte competencia entre el Zn y el Cd por los sitios de adsorción, y se mostró la influencia de esta variable en la movilidad de los metales en estudio, con un orden de desorción de Cd >Zn >>Pb.
DEFORMACIONES VOLUMÉTRICAS CON Y SIN COLAPSO DE ALGUNOS SUELOS NO SATURADOS
Authors: Alfaro Soto Miguel Angel
Published: December 2023

Este artículo presenta el análisis de resultados de deformaciones producidas al utilizar dos trayectorias de tensiones con y sin la generación del colapso en algunos suelos arenosos y limosos saturados y no saturados. Para ese objetivo fue necesario el uso de un edómetro convencional y particularmente, un otro, que permite la imposición de la succión para el estudio deformacional de suelos no saturados. Los resultados mostraron la influencia del grado de saturación en la deformación de los suelos no saturados y principalmente en el comportamiento de un suelo colapsable. En la práctica, esos procesos mecánicos pueden ocasionar, efectos indeseados caso no sean llevados en consideración en los diseños.
FIRST RECORD OF EUFRIESEA BARE GONZÁLEZ & GAIANI AND NOTES ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF THREE SPECIES OF ORCHID BEES PERTAINING TO THE GENUS EUGLOSSA LATREILLE (APIDAE: EUGLOSSINI) IN COLOMBIA
Authors: Parra-H Alejandro , Nates-Parra Guiomar
Published: December 2023

Knowledge on the geographical distribution of orchid bee species in Colombia and most of the Neotropics depends on monitoring and sample methodologies implemented and facilities to access diverse natural regions. In addition, for research on the distribution of species, the taxonomic impediment is a problem for the identification and confirmation of some species, although the tribe Euglossini presents a relatively well-developed taxonomy. Herein is presented the first record of Eufriesea bare in Colombia, an orchid bee species known only in the Venezuelan Amazonian region; as well as the distribution of three euglossine species of the genus Euglossa.
PERMUTATION POLYNOMIALS IN ONE INDETERMINATE OVER MODULAR ALGEBRAS
Authors: Acosta-Solarte Pablo A. , Albis Víctor S.
Published: December 2023

Known results about permutation polynomials in connection with coefficients in a finite field extend to algebras of the form Lv = K[X]/(p(X)v)\), where K is a finite field,(p(X) ∈ ‍ K[X]  is an irreducible polynomial, and v = 1,2,..., and to the algebra of power series L[[Z]], where L = K[X]/(p(X)). Analogues of Dickson polynomials are also studied in this context.
COMPORTAMIENTO EN EL INFINITO DE LAS SOLUCIONES DE UNA CLASE ABSTRACTA DE ECUACIONES DE EVOLUCIÓN
Authors: Arenas Díaz Gilberto , Lamos Díaz Henry , Villamizar Roa Elder Jesús
Published: December 2023

Basados en técnicas conocidas para el análisis de la existencia de soluciones débiles de las ecuaciones de Navier-Stokes, estudiamos varios aspectos del comportamiento en el infinito de las soluciones de una clase abstracta de ecuaciones de evolución en un espacio de Hilbert separable, la cual generaliza varios modelos de ecuaciones de la mecánica de los fluidos. En particular, se estudia la existencia y unicidad de soluciones globales, la existencia de un atractor global y la convergencia para las soluciones estacionarias asociadas.