bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DESIGNING THE STRUCTURE OF HINGED FASTENING OF THE MULTILAYER COMPOSITE BOARD TO A VEHICLE TRAILER BODY
Authors:   Kaluga branch of the Moscow State Technical University named after N.E. Bauman, ASTAKHOV MIKHAIL , SOROKINA IRINA , SLAVKINA EKATERINA , ASTAKHOVA LARISA
Published: July 2022

Steel sides of dump tractor trailers used in the transportation of bulk and semi-liquid agricultural goods are subject to active abrasive wear and corrosion. The article proposes replacing the existing design of the sides, instead of steel sheets to use multilayer composite plates, which will increase the reliability and service life of the machine as a whole. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing a design and methodology for calculating the hinge fastening of a composite side to the agricultural vehicle. (Materials and methods) The article analyses the existing metalcomposite compounds. When using multilayer sandwich-structured composites, all layers do not adhere to the metal base. We have developed a design of a pivotally movable side support of the trailer, which provides a tight connection due to the introduction of a metal steel element into the prepreg, consisting of a plate with studs and an axle welded to it. Additional tightening of the support due to threaded connections made it possible to connect a multilayer composite with metal plates. (Results and discussion). The article presents the equation of node loading to determine the maximum force acting on the fastener. The calculation of the most loaded part, the fastener, was carried out according to the permissible stresses of the cut of its cylindrical part. (Conclusions) The expediency of using power structures of vehicles of the agro-industrial complex exposed to abrasive wear and corrosion made of polymer composite materials is confirmed. A new design of a detachable swivel joint of a multilayer composite side with a metal frame was created.
ZGFWNJ THE STATE OF THE EQUIPMENT RECYCLING SYSTEM IN RUSSIA AND ITS LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, KATAEV YURIY , GERASIMOV VALERIY , BAULIN NIKOLAY
Published: July 2022

The article presents the state of the equipment recycling system in Russia and the issues of improving its legislative framework. The role of state structures in solving the problems of creating a resource-saving, environmentally-oriented system for the disposal of decommissioned equipment is urgent. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to analyze the papers in the field of recycle management, to reflect the state of the legislative framework of the existing systems in Russia and abroad and to give the recommendations for its improvement. (Materials and methods) Problems with equipment recycling appear when they become unnecessary to their owners; they try to get rid of this object in the most accessible way. According to numerous information, the equipment disposal in Russia is mainly carried out by illegal reclaimers, which control more than 60 percent of the scrap of non-ferrous and ferrous metals. The creation of an effective system for the equipment recycling is becoming not only urgent, but a vital task for our state. (Results and discussion) The scientific community in Russia is constantly conducting research on the creation and implementation of the system for recycling of decommissioned equipment. Scientists of the Moscow Automobile and Road State Technical University have proposed a regional car recycling system, scientists of FNAC VIM have also developed a regional system for recycling machinery "Agricultural recycling". (Conclusions) In order to quickly solve the problem of adjustment of a general strategy for creating an effective recycling system in Russia, taking into account the revision of the legislative framework, it is advisable to “run-in” it at the industry level, for example, in the agro-industrial complex, with subsequent replication in other industries.
SNNKIQ IMPROVING DIESEL ENGINE DIAGNOSTICS RELIABILITY AT UNSTEADY LOAD
Authors:   Mordovia State University benannt nach N.P. Ogaryova, SAVELYEV ANATOLIY , GLOTOV SERGEY , NIKIFOROVA IRINA , ENALEEVA SVETLANA , DZHABBOROV NOZIM ,   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM
Published: July 2022

The issues of rational use of energy in the operation of machine-tractor units by reducing downtime, including hidden ones, are very relevant. An increase in the energy efficiency of machine-tractor units can be achieved by diagnosing diesel engines according to functional parameters that are used as the power plant of unit. The difference in engine loading parameters during diagnosis and operation can be taken into account by correction factors for the tolerance of diagnostic parameters, which are determined for each brand of engine. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing the methodology for determining correction coefficients for the tolerances of diagnostic parameters, taking into account the distribution of input effects. (Materials and methods) The values of the functional parameters of tractors in real operation significantly differ from the indicators in bench conditions. The probabilistic, functional transformation of random variables and computational methods were applied. The article proposes calculating the mathematical expectations of the functional parameters of the engines using the functional transformation of random variables and probabilistic characteristics of the input effect to simplify the process. (Results and discussion) Without taking into account the correction coefficients, the error in determining the deviations of functional parameters can be significant. Deviations of functional parameters from the values of the typical characteristic are maximal for the arcsin function and minimal for the Gauss law. The methodology for determining the correction coefficients for the tolerances of functional parameters was substantiated using the example of the D-240 engine. (Conclusions) The article presents quantitative characteristics of correction coefficients for the transition from operational tolerance to diagnostic. For most technological operations, diagnosing diesel engines with an unsteady load will reduce the error in monitoring the permissible values of functional parameters by 10-24 percent.
UPGRADE OF RUNNING-IN STANDS FOR DIESEL ENGINES
Authors:   PenzaMolInvest LLC, MORUNKOV ANDREY , TIMOKHIN SERGEY ,   Penza State Agrarian University
Published: July 2022

He article presents serial stands for running-in and testing of diesels, which have a number of disadvantages characteristic of running-in and testing of high-power diesels. A variant of their upgrade by using automated control systems for running-in with dynamic loading is proposed. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing the ways to create load-speed modes and technical means for carrying out full-fledged running-in and testing of high-power tractor diesel engines. (Materials and methods) As a result of scientific research, the paper proposes an option for upgrading existing stands by introducing automated dynamic loading control systems into their design, allowing for hot running-in under load and acceptance tests of any types of diesel engines. The complex of successive acceleration and run-out cycles of the inertial system form a cycle of dynamic loading of diesel couplings. The control of the dynamic loading cycle consists in a cyclic effect on the fuel supply and indicator load. (Results and discussion) The description of the developed equipment and its principle of operation was given on the example of an automated control system for running in a diesel engine D-240 with the impact on the lever of the speed controller as part of the KI-5543 brake test bench. (Conclusions) The developed technology of hot running-in with dynamic loading and technical means for its implementation as part of the upgraded serial running-in stands allow for full-fledged technological running-in and testing of diesel engines with a power significantly exceeding the power of the stands, while reducing fuel consumption by up to two times for its implementation.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE LED LIGHTING INSTALLATIONS AT LIVESTOCK ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Saratov State Vavilov Agrarian University, BAKIROV SERGEY , SHIROBOKOVA TAT'YANA ,   Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy
Published: July 2022

The search for ways of saving the energy at livestock enterprises is one of the most actual problems. The development of high-quality energy-saving lighting of premises for the cultivation of farm animals is the basis for the successful development of the agro-industrial complex. The background for the development and justification of the use of modern energy-efficient light sources are studies devoted to increasing the productivity of animal husbandry by changing lighting, which belongs to the main factors of animal life support and has a significant impact on their growth, productive and reproductive indicators. However, the research and development of lighting devices is not cheap. Light has a significant effect on the body of animals, for example: the activity of the organs of hematopoiesis, the biochemical composition of the blood, the work of the endocrine glands, which in turn affects productivity. The greatest effect on the body has the duration of daylight. Therefore, additional energy-saving lighting is widely used to stimulate the productivity of animals. (Research purpose) The research purpose is evaluating the effectiveness of the LED lighting devices for animal husbandry enterprises. (Materials and methods) The article presents one of the options for progressive scientific and technical developments, an energy-saving economical LED-based lighting device. Its novelty and the possibility of using it for lighting livestock farms are described in the article. Authors conducted experimental studies at one of the livestock enterprises. (Results and discussion) The article presents key productive indicators. The effectiveness of the use of LEDs in lighting installations was revealed. (Conclusions) The proposed design of the LED lighting device will lead to a reduction in energy consumption, an increase in the efficiency of the use of electric energy and an increase in the productivity of animals.
TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ELECTRIFIED MOBILE EQUIPMENT
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, YUFEREV LEONID , SPOROV ANTON , GUSAROV VALENTIN , PISAREV DMITRIY
Published: July 2022

There is an active use of electric transport in farms, to monitor the quality of products, to control technological processes. In this regard, there is a need for an analytical review of existing electric vehicles and justification of agricultural electrified mobile equipment and its layout. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to review the agricultural electrified mobile equipment. (Materials and methods) There were used instrumental and analytical studies of agricultural electrified mobile equipment. The technical characteristics of electric vehicles are presented. (Results and discussion) FSAC VIM is developing a vehicle with an electric drive, the first stage is the development of a kinematic scheme and the describing the concept of building agricultural transport. All the analyzed electric agricultural machines have a high cost and are mostly not supplied to the territory of the Russian Federation. The article presents the solutions to improve the efficiency of the farmer’s movement. The task is to develop electrical components and a methodology for calculating an agricultural vehicle using according to the request of the customer. (Conclusions) The article presents a literary review of electrified agricultural machinery and their technical characteristics. The set of technical means that allows to convert a vehicle with an internal combustion engine into an electric vehicle and to use it on livestock farms with low noise levels and the absence of exhaust gases are presented. These will positively affects the condition of animals, which is important for the production of meat and milk.
CHARACTERISTICS OF DIESEL AND GAS TURBINE POWER PLANTS FOR VEHICLES
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, GUSAROV VALENTIN , PISAREV DMITRIY , SPOROV ANTON
Published: July 2022

Modern mobile vehicles, cars and tractors, include a diesel or gasoline piston engine, a manual or automatic gearbox, driving and driven axles with a differential mechanism. This kinematic scheme is time-tested and proved itself well. Diesel engines and low-speed generators working together represent a single power plant, a large-mass unit with low specific mass-to-power ratio. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing a new kinematic scheme of a mobile vehicle with an electric drive for agricultural purposes with higher reliability, long service life and reduced weight and size characteristics of the power plant. (Materials and methods) Gas turbine agricultural machinery has never been produced in Russia, and the individual experimental studies conducted were not systemic. (Results and discussion) The mass-energy characteristics of gas turbine units are better than diesel ones, the vibration level is lower, the torque of the power plant is higher at low speeds, simpler tractor control, which opens up a wide prospect for their use on mobile agricultural vehicles. In the course of experimental studies on the processing of one hectare, they showed the advantage of a laboratory tractor with a gas turbine engine, relative to a tractor with a diesel engine, expressed, despite greater fuel consumption, in the use of cheap kerosene. (Conclusions) The developed kinematic scheme of the power unit and transmission allows to reduce the weight and size parameters, use cheaper fuel, improve the working conditions of the operator and increase the efficiency of technological operations.
SEMICONDUCTOR THERMOELEMENTS FOR GAS FLOW CONTROL IN A CAULDRON
Authors:   All Russian Research Institute for Use of Machinery and Petroleum Products in Agriculture, SHUVALOV ANATOLIY , MASHKOV ALEKSEY , TIKHOMIROV DMITRIY ,   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology - MVA named after K.I. Skryabin
Published: July 2022

With the constant increase in energy prices, the cost of agricultural products increases, which reduces competitiveness in the domestic and foreign markets. In this regard, the development of energy-saving technologies and technical means becomes relevant. (Research purpose) The research purpose is increasing the efficiency of heat treatment of feed, reducing energy consumption by improving the energy supply system and automation of the gas cauldron. (Materials and methods) The article presents an energy-efficient cauldron for cooking feed in the personal farms of rural residents. An energy supply system for a cauldron with automatic regulation of gas flow in proportion to the heat flow consumed is described. The design feature of this scheme is the use of Peltier semiconductor elements forming a thermoelectric battery to manage gas flow. (Results and discussion) The article presents a design and technological scheme of an automated gas flow control system with a gas burner device, its composition and the operation principle. We have created a specific methodology for determining energy and mode parameters, an operating experimental sample of the energy supply system of a cauldron. Experimental studies were carried out to clarify the calculated energy and operating parameters, substantiate the nominal power of the gas burner device, and identify the advantages and disadvantages of a cauldron with new automation tools. The regularities of changes in gas flow, temperature, and voltage at the output of a thermoelectric battery have been described. Diagrams of changes in these parameters are presented. (Conclusions) The lowest energy costs for heating the contents of a 100-litres cooking cauldron to boiling are achieved when the boiler is equipped with a gas burner with a capacity of 14 kilowatts. Due to the use of an automated gas flow control system, energy savings of up to 20 percent are provided in proportion to the heat flow consumed.
THE SPREADING OF AIR FLOW VELOCITIES IN THE ASPIRATION CHANNEL MODEL FOR HIGHLY CLOGGED SOY PRODUCTS
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, KHAMUEV VIKTOR , MOSKOVSKIY MAKSIM , BORZENKO SERGEY , GERASIMENKO STANISLAV
Published: July 2022

Today soy is an indispensable agricultural crop. It is used in the food industry and feed production. Soy protein meal and mill cake increase the milk yield of cows by 7-10 percent and the fat content of milk by 0.2-0.3 percent, egg production of chickens by 6-12 percent. Due to the complexity of separation and imperfection of grain-processing machines, a large percentage of soybeans goes to waste, so the price of soybeans is high. To solve this problem, experimental studies were conducted with soy production waste on an air-gravity machine with an aspiration channel. The aspiration channel was upgraded with air flow dividers and accelerators installed on it. (Research purpose) The research purpose is testing the air flow dividers and accelerators on a prototypical sample of an aspiration channel with a vertically ascending air flow. (Materials and methods) A simulation model of the machine was created for research. 30 kilograms of the source material with a moisture content of 11.2 percent was used, which is a waste of soybean seed production, containing whole (35.74 percent) and crushed (51.5 percent) soy of an unspecified variety; and impurities: light (husk, pollen, dust - 10.12 percent), mineral (0.29 percent) and seeds of other crops (2.35 percent). (Results and discussion) The article presents the most successful configuration of air flow accelerators and dividers and air flow velocity. The optimal parameters of the length and width of the aspiration channel are presented. The article also presents graphs of the velocity distribution in a vertically ascending airflow. In the model of a pneumatic separation channel with flow dividers of the processed material and air flow accelerators, with an increase in the specific load, speed alignment is observed along the entire length of the channel at all heights. (Conclusions) The usage of dividers and accelerators solves the problem of stabilizing the interaction of the flows of processed material and air along the length and height of the channel, which will lead to an increase in the efficiency of the separation process.
Properties of Uniform Fuzzy Modules and Semiuniform Fuzzy Modules
Authors: Baupradist Samruam , Chemat Burhan , Chinram Ronnason
Published: July 2022

In this research paper, the concepts of uniform fuzzy modules and semiuniform fuzzy modules were studied. We discussed the necessary and sufficient conditions between uniform fuzzy modules (and semiuniform fuzzy modules) in fuzzy set theory and uniform modules (and semiuniform modules) in module theory.
Optimization of Cyclodextrin Loaded Lornoxicam Fast Dissolving Tablets Using Box- Behnken Design
Authors: Rao M.Trinadha , M.Yamini  , Phanindra Ch.V.S. , Mallikarjun P.N. , Kamalakumari P.V. , Srinivasa Rao Y.
Published: July 2022

The present investigation was undertaken in the design and evaluation of fast dissolving tablets of the Non-Steroidal antiinflammatory drug Lornoxicam. Lornoxicam is an orally bio available oxicam derivative with anti inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic properties upon oral administration. The main aim of this study is to prepare mouth dissolving tablets of hydroxyl propyl ß cyclodextrin loaded lornoxicam by Box-Behnken design. The main objective is to enhance the solubility, palatability of Lornoxicam by using cyclodextrin as a complexing agent and optimize the formulation by using Box-Behnken design.The inclusion complexes of Lornoxicam were prepared by physical mixture and solvent evaporation method by using drug and HP ß cyclodextrin in various ratios (1:1 and 1:2). Dissolution study was carried out for the 2 ratios of kneading method and solvent evaporation method. 1:1 ratio of solvent evaporation method was selected for the optimization by Box-Behnken design. The selected inclusion complexes were then utilized for the preparation of tablets by direct compression. The independent variables are lactose, sodium starch glycolate and crospovidone. The dependent factors studied were wetting time, in vitro disintegration, in vivo disintegration and in vitro dissolution. Optimized Formulae were prepared and evaluated for in vitro dissolution characteristics, in vitro disintegration time, wetting time, and their physico-mechanical properties. The predicted formula formulated with the Box-Behnken statistical design consisted of lactose, sodium starchglycolate and crospovidone at the optimum levels of 30, 20 and 20 mg respectively which is considered as the best optimized formulation with good dissolution profile. The bioavailability has been increased from the optimized formulation. The formulation was evaluated for stability.From the research a taste masked mouth dissolving tablet formulation is selected to increase patient compliance with enhanced solubility, dissolution and stability.
Prospects and Challenges of Generic Medicines Adoption in India: Consumer and Physician Perspectives
Authors: Chattoraj Abhijit , Pareek Manoj , Thomas Becky , Doss Steward
Published: July 2022

The objective of this study was to learn more about consumers’ and physicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about generic medicines, as well as the problems in guaranteeing generic medicine acceptance and utilization. The aim of our study was to figure out what would improve physician acceptance and customer acceptance. The study included qualitative research with focus group conversations with physicians from various fields of medicine, as well as a cross-sectional survey with 102 customers in Pune divided into two clusters utilizing a questionnaire. An exploratory factor analysis was performed to see if there were any differences between the components, that support favorable opinions of Generic Medicines and those that support negative perceptions of the same. Customers were positive, about the usage of generic drugs according to the findings. The findings showed a preference to use them on doctor’s prescriptions and Government or other regulatory agencies approval. Physicians also proposed that the government should make it mandatory for generic medicines to be prescribed by doctors and launch a robust public awareness campaign to encourage their use in India. There was an acceptance that, using generic medicine would significantly lower healthcare expenses. The physicians believed that generic bioavailability and bioequivalence were important factors to consider when deciding whether or not to prescribe generics. Clinical trial data and serious adverse event (SAE) data, should also be made available to the medical community so that transparent and independent decisions can be made.
Clinical Guidelines of the Russian Society of Surgeons, the Russian Gastroenterological Association, the Association of Surgeons-Hepatologists and the Endoscopic Society “REndO” on Diagnostics and Treatment of Chronic Pancreatitis
Authors: Ivashkin V. T. , Kriger A. G. , Okhlobystin A. V. , Anischenko M. A. , Kardasheva S. S. , Alekseenko S. A. , Bagnenko S. F. , Bykov M. I. , Budzinskiy S. A. , Buriev I.  M. , Vishnevskiy V. A. , Galperin E. I. , Glabay V. P. , Goltsov V. R. , Dyuzheva T. G. , Karmazanovskiy G. G. , Korolev M. P. , Krasilnikov D. M. , Kucheryavy Yu. A. , Maev I. V. , Maystrenko N. A. , Osipenko M. F. , Prudkov M. I. , Simanenkov V. I. , Solonitsin E. G. , Fedorov A. V. , Fedorov E. D. , Khlynov I. B. , Chikunova M. V. , Shabunin A. V. , Shapovalyants S. G. , Sheptulin A. A. , Shifrin O. S.
Published: August 2022

Aim:to present modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of chronic pancreatitis for gastroenterologists, general practitioners and physicians.

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a long-term inflammatory disease of the pancreas, manifested by irreversible morphological changes in the parenchyma and pancreatic ducts, which cause pain and/or persistent impairment of function. Current concept on the etiology of CP is reflected by the TIGAR-O classification. The criteria for establishing the diagnosis of CP include typical attacks of abdominal pain and/or clinical and laboratory signs of exocrine, endocrine insufficiency with the mandatory detection of characteristic morphological changes (calcifications in the parenchyma and pancreatic ductal stones, dilatation of the main pancreatic duct and its branches). CT, MRCP, and pancreatobiliary endosonography are recommended as the methods of choice to verify the diagnosis of CP. Conservative treatment of patients with CP is provided for symptom relief and prevention of complications. Individual cases with severe non-interactable abdominal pain, as well as a complicated course of the disease (development of ductal hypertension due to main pancreatic duct stones or strictures, obstructive jaundice caused by compression of the common bile duct, symptomatic postnecrotic cysts, portal hypertension due to compression of the portal vein or thrombosis of the splenic vein, persistent duodenal obstruction, pseudoaneurysm of the celiac trunk basin and the superior mesenteric artery) serve as an indication for endoscopic or surgical treatment. The Guidelines set out modern approaches to the diagnosis, conservative, endoscopic and surgical treatment of CP, and the prevention of its complications.

Conclusion.The implementation of clinical guidelines can contribute to the timely diagnosis and improve the quality of medical care for patients with chronic pancreatitis.
Ensino de química e projetos interdisciplinares
Authors: Eiterer Carmem Lucia , Barbosa Gabrielle Cristina Moreira
Published: August 2022

A pesquisa pretendeu investigar a presença da abordagem interdisciplinar no ensino de Química junto a cinco professores de escolas públicas estaduais da cidade de Santa Luzia (MG), na região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte.  Os instrumentos para produção dos dados foram observação da prática, entrevista semiestruturada, aplicação de questionário e três grupos de discussão sobre a temática. A cultura escolar arraigada emergiu como principal barreira a uma cultura interdisciplinar. O grupo preferia, a princípio, a abordagem interdisciplinar a partir da integração dos conteúdos realizados pelo professor. Ao fim da pesquisa, reconhecem que os projetos interdisciplinares requerem a integração curricular e o trabalho conjunto de planejamento, constituindo-se uma estratégia para a concretização de uma abordagem interdisciplinar no ensino de Química.
The role of pre-existing social ties in the jihadi-salafist radicalization
Authors: Tovar i Velasco Marina
Published: August 2022

Este trabajo analiza cómo influyen los vínculos sociales preexistentes en la radicalización yihadista salafista proporcionando un enfoque práctico al estudiar datos de esta materia aplicados a España. La metodología empírico-descriptiva consistirá, primeramente, en recopilar información de la literatura sobre radicalización yihadista y formación de redes. Secundariamente, utilizar la Base de Datos Elcano sobre Yihadistas en España (BDEYE) de El Instituto del Cano de 2001 a 2018 para observar cómo evolucionan, en los dos periodos, estos y las modalidades de radicalización. Nuestras dos preguntas de investigación: i) ¿Son los vínculos sociales preexistentes significativos en la radicalización yihadista-salafista en España? Y ii) ¿A medida que internet y las redes sociales se vuelven prominentes en el segundo período de estudio, seguirá siendo relevante el papel de los vínculos sociales preexistentes? Guiarán nuestra investigación.
En nuestro caso de estudio observaremos los datos y contrastaremos nuestra hipótesis: los vínculos sociales preexistentes son fundamentales en la adopción de creencias radicales yihadistas en España en los dos periodos. En España, cuando existían lazos sociales preexistentes, la amistad y el parentesco permitían que los individuos se involucraran en procesos de radicalización. El bajo costo de mantenimiento de las redes sociales y la facilidad de difundir propaganda yihadista ha permitido que estas plataformas aumenten su importancia, lo que cambia las tendencias en los dos períodos estudiados. Sin embargo, el cambio de patrón no resta importancia a los lazos sociales preexistentes, ya que la modalidad mixta y la offline en el segundo período reunió al 71,9% de los individuos, demostrando que los vínculos sociales preexistentes son una variable crucial.
La i/legitimidad de la justicia transicional: un análisis del rolde la prensa y de la política electoral en Colombia, Filipinas y Kenia
Authors: Pérez Jiménez Alexandra , Badillo Sarmiento Reynell
Published: August 2022

Usually, academic literature and some political sectors understand transitional justice as a desirable process, as it aspires to lead societies towards more just arrangements of organization and coexistence and to overcome violence. However, the adoption of alternative models of justice and the search for historical truths -sometimes not shared by society as a whole- may boost the emergence of old and new ideological cleavages and interest groups to discredit these processes. This article attempts to understand what the narrative frameworks were used by the press and electoral politics sectors to legitimize or delegitimize transitional justice mechanisms in Colombia (2016), the Philippines (2014), and Kenya (2008), respectively. For this, we analyzed 66 press pieces and 24 political statements, which we then classified among those supporting or resisting transitional justice. We found that the press can be a sounding board for the narratives adopted by politicians and that resistance to transitional justice mechanisms can seek to discredit them, but in other cases, it can be oriented to strengthen transitional processes. Thus, the il/legitimacy of transitional justice processes derives both from the ideological currents rooted in society, as well as from the interests of certain political actors threatened by the transition.
EMPOWERED WOMEN REPRESENTED IN RUPI KAUR’S 'MILK AND HONEY'
Authors: Adzkiya Normala Putri , Trisnawati Ririn Kurnia , Agustina Mia Fitria
Published: July 2022

This paper is the result of the analysis on Rupi Kaur’s poems compiled in her book entitled Milk and Honey. It focuses on how Kaur portrays women from their breaking to healing stages until finally they become strong and empowered figures. This study employed a qualitative-descriptive method for analyzing the poems. By her poems, Kaur speaks her thoughts about women’s representation in society. She also criticizes the patriarchal ideology that places women as the servant for men’s pleasure. Her works illustrate problems that oppress women such as sexual objectification, mental trauma, and family with patriarchal culture. Throughout the book, Kaur also reveals the journey of women from being hurt to be finally healed and become empowered.
Raven (Corvus corax) as a novel food item for lynx (Lynx canadensis)
Authors: Jung Thomas
Published: July 2022

Canada Lynx (Lynx canadensis) is a specialist predator of Snowshoe Hare (Lepus americanus), which dominates its diet. However, hare populations cycle over 9–11 years, and many lynx disperse or starve during cyclic lows of their prey. Here, I report observations of Canada Lynx scavenging and attempting to prey on Common Raven (Corvus corax). In addition, I provide a brief review of birds as a food item of lynx. These are the first observations of ravens as a food source for lynx and may be a response to lynx being malnourished. The value of these observations is that they highlight the adaptability of some lynx to opportunistically use novel prey species during the decline phase of cyclic Snowshoe Hare.
Key observations of flexed-leg urination in the free-ranging Gray Wolf (Canis lupus)
Authors: Mech David , McIntyre Rick
Published: July 2022

Flexed-leg urination (FLU) in female Gray Wolves (Canis lupus) has been little studied in the wild. Captive females in packs do not exhibit FLU unless they are both mature and dominant to an associate female, but these characteristics have not been confirmed in free-ranging wolves. We present observations of wolves in Yellowstone National Park that accord with those of wolves in captivity, extend our knowledge of FLU in Gray Wolf, pose additional questions about it, and suggest new areas of study to better understand it.
A Classification Model Based on Machine Learning for Detecting Racist Comments on Social Media Platforms
Authors:   Department of Computer Science  Federal University of Petroleum Resources Effurun (FUPRE) Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria E-mails: allenotor.david@fupre.edu.ng, Allenotor D. ,   oyemade.david@fupre.edu.ng, Oyemade D. A.
Published: August 2022

Racial conflicts have become even more prevalent than before. As a result, social media companies are continuously being slammed for their inadequate response to the problem caused by racial discrimination. For example, the year 2020 witnessed a worldwide movement calling for racial equality and justice. The movement began after an African American male was suffocated and murdered by an NYPD police officer. Since then, there has been significant research efforts focusing on social media and the role it has played in amplifying racism. Similarly, the government of the United Kingdom have threatened to make social media companies legally accountable for the racist content on their platform after the witnessed increase of racist abuse on footballers in 2021. English football clubs have also threatened a boycott of social media in a bid to eradicate online hate. To solve this problem, we will track down past events and social media trends which are likely to have triggered racist reactions and retrieve annotated comments from public social media sites like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube and TikTok. We will create an unbiased dataset of racist comments across social media platforms. We will be building a classification model using machine learning to detect racist comments on social media platforms. We propose a machine learning model for the automatic detection of racist comment across social media platforms. The results we obtained from our research shows that the support vector machine-trained model performs the best with an accuracy of 88.19%. The models proposed in this research outperformed most of the pre-existing models for the same task. Keywords: Race, Racism, Cyberbully, Hate Speech, Support Vector Machine, Confusion Matrix Journal Reference Format: Allenotor, D. & Oyemade, D. A. (2021): A Classification Model Based on Machine Learning for Detecting Racist Comments on Social Media Platforms Journal of Behavioural Informatics, Digital Humanities and Development Research. Vol. 7.No. 1, Pp 121-136. ICT University USA Endowed Research Series Publication in collaboration with SMART-Africa. Available online at https://www.isteams.net.behavioraljournal. Article DOI No - dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/BHI/V7N1P9
Implementation of Hybrid Controlled Vehicle Braking Method for the Design of Collision Avoidance Systems In Vehicles
Authors:   1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria E-mails: michael.tomori@st.futminna.edu.ng, Tomori M.O. ,   faithmustapha48@gmail.com, Mustapha O F.
Published: August 2022

According to data from the National Highway Transportation Safety Administration, human error is to blame for at least 90% of all car collisions. This information has intensified the focus on the design and development of collision avoidance systems in automobiles. This paper presents a semi-automated braking system to increase the accuracy of collision avoidance systems by reducing errors on the vehicle’s driver part. The methodology used combines the use of a microprocessor for analyzing data from sensors aided by servo motors, sending information to output devices for the alarm system and electric motors, and integrated circuits to implement hybridized engagement of vehicle brake. The braking system can be manually applied but can interfere and bring the vehicle to a halt once it has been determined that the driver has lost control of maneuvering the vehicle. The implemented system was able to determine the separation distances between automobiles and obstacles, give warning employing alarm set-up and engage braking at a minimum separation distance that is provided with an average response time of 0.86 s and a percentage error of 12.8% during operation. Keywords: Hybrid Controlled Vehicle Braking Method, Collision Avoidance Systems In Vehicles
Simulation and Evaluation of a Financial Option Based Model for Cloud Resources Management
Authors:   Department of Computer Science  Federal University of Petroleum Resources Effurun, Nigeria E-mails: allenotor.david@fupre.edu.ng, David Allenotor
Published: August 2022

Cloud computing, where the use of resources is seen as a service (Resources-as-a-Service (RaaS)) has developed extensively for executing computationally resource-intensive applications. As a result, commercial services of such resources are becoming norm of the day and pricing them have become an important problem in finance. Only a few economic models have been reported for pricing cloud resources. In this paper, a novel application of financial option pricing theory to the management of distributed computing resources especially for pricing is addressed. First, the importance of finance models for the given problem is highlighted following an explain on how option theory fits well to price the distributed computing cloud resources. Various cloud resources such as memory, storage, software, and compute cycles are seen as individual commodities and pricing of the resources is done in isolation and in combination of various resources. Second, `we design and develop pricing model and generate pricing results for usage of such commodities for various resources. In the absence of cloud resource pricing benchmarks/standards, firstly, cloud resources usage is simulated in order to justify the pricing model using CloudSim toolkit. In this part of the work, the integration of a financial option-based pricing model with CloudSim framework is implemented using a cloud simulation tool to price cloud compute resources. Secondly, the model is evaluated using cloud metadata obtained from Amazon Web services. The analysis of cloud resources utilization from simulation and real cloud trace data shows the feasibility of a financial option-based model for pricing cloud resources. With a large number of experiments carried out, a justification of the pricing model is obtained by comparing a simulated system to real cloud trace data based on the spot price for the cloud resources. Keywords: Financial Option, Strike Price, CloudSim, Quality of Service, Compute Commodities
Ślad węglowy w sektorze rolno-spożywczym i konsumpcji żywności
Authors: Zarczuk Julia , Klepacki Bogdan
Published: August 2022

W opracowaniu przedstawiono rolę sektora rolno-spożywczego w emisji gazów cieplarnianych. Zapre-zentowano wielkość tej emisji w przypadku ważniejszych produktów spożywczych. Najwyższa dotyczy produktów zwierzęcych lub ich przetworów. Na czele znalazły się: mięso jagniąt, wołowina, żółty ser, wieprzowina i łosoś hodowlany. Wielkość śladu węglowego jest kształtowana także przez opakowanie. Najniższą emisyjnością odzna-czają się opakowania szklane, nieco większą plastikowe, następnie papierowe, a największą puszki metalowe. Dla śladu węglowego jest bardzo ważna struktura spożycia ludności. Gdyby przyjąć, że dieta wegańska byłaby jedyną, to emisja GHG na świecie w zakresie żywności mogłaby ulec zmniejszeniu nawet o 70%. Redukcja w UE konsump-cji mięsa, nabiału i jaj o połowę zmniejszyłaby emisję gazów cieplarnianych o 25–40%. Ponadto, dieta roślinna zmniejsza ryzyko śmierci powodowane chorobami układu krążenia, ryzyko otyłości, cukrzycy typu II i niektórych nowotworów.
International environmental and climate policy and the directions of transport development at the national and regional level
Authors: Zych-Lewandowska Maria , Majewski Jakub
Published: August 2022

The aim of this paper was to analyse the transport-related content of European environmental and climate policy documents and to identify those elements that will be key in shaping transport development in individual countries and regions in the coming decade.
In the first part, the authors present an overview of the most important documents defining environmental protection and climate change goals in the European Union. In the second part, the most important guidelines, which should affect the actions undertaken in the field of shap-ing and developing transport, were indicated. A short analysis of the processes occurring on the transport market in Poland and their convergence with the recommendations included in the documents was also included. The summary presents conclusions concerning the necessi-ty of complementing national documents with the latest EU recommendations.
Toward Automating Shredding Nonprofit XML Files: The Case of IRS Form 990 Data
Authors: Abu-Khadra Husam , Olsen David
Published: August 2022

This paper presents and describes data for nonprofit Internal Revenue Service (IRS) filings in the United States of America. The data contains 831 attributes and 1,102,884 records for the years 2016 to 2021. Among other items, the data include nonprofits' comparative financial data, governance disclosures, hired contractors, management compensation, a detailed statement of revenue, statement of functional expenses, external audit, federal audit election, and reconciliation of net assets. The data are generated using Structured Query Language (SQL) self-developed code to convert the IRS Form 990 Extensible Markup Language (XML) tax filing files to a dataset in Excel. This paper is the first to convert these XML files and provide much-needed open access to nonprofit data in a long format.1 The source code that we developed and a step-by-step guide are included in this paper, allowing researchers to update this dataset.
PENERAPAN STRATEGI COOPERATIVE SCRIPT DENGAN MEDIA KOMIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS V PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI SD NEGERI II GEDONG TAHUN AJARAN 2013/ 2014
Authors: Hidayati Yulia Maftuhah , Rahmawati Fita , Herawati Astri
Published: July 2022

The study aims to understand the students’ learning motivation at Class V of the Indonesiancourse by applying a Cooperative Script strategy with comic media. It was aclass action research. The population included all the 17 students of the Class V at SDNegeri II Gedong Primary School. It consisted of two cycles. The data collection employedobservation and documentation. The technique of data analysis used a qualitativemethod with an interactive model, including data reduction, display data, and conclusion.The indicators were summarizing, listening, speaking, and expressing opinions.The class action research would be said to be successful if it met 80% of the indicatorsand 80% of the students achieved the KKM. The results of the study were summarizingat the early condition of 90.98%, cycle I of 74.51%, cycle II of 88.24%; listening at theearly condition of 50.98%, cycle I of 72.54%, cycle II of 90.20%; speaking at the earlycondition of 45.09%, cycle I of 64.71%, cycle II of 80.39%; and giving opinions at theearly condition of 43.20%, cycle I at 49.02%, cycle II of 80.39%. At the early condition,the students who achieved the KKM amounted to 9 people, at cycle I of 11 students, andat cycle II of 17 students (or 100%). At the cycle II, the students’ motivation had achievedthe indicators. It could be concluded that applying a cooperative script strategy withcomic media could increase the students’ Indonesian course.
PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA YANG BERKARAKTER, AKTIF, DAN MENYENANGKAN DI SD MUHAMMADIYAH 10 SURAKARTA
Authors: Rahmawati Fitri Puji , Magrifiani Utami , Noviati Malika Dian Ayu
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study include: a) describe the character of learning Indonesian, active,and fun in SD Muhammadiyah Surakarta 1, b) describe a method of learning Indonesiancharacter, active, and fun in SD Muhammadiyah Surakarta 10, and c) describeobstacles encountered in the implementation of learning Indonesian character, active,and fun in SD Muhammadiyah Surakarta 10. This research is a qualitative descriptivestudy. The strategy used is a single case study. The main data source of this research:teacher and fourth grade students in 10 elementary Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Severaldata collection techniques: direct observation plays a passive, in-depth interviews,open and informal nature, giving questionnaires (open questionnaire). Implementationof learning character, active, and fun on Indonesian subjects in fourth grade SurakartaMuhammadiyah 10 can be observed from the three activities, namely: planning learning,learning implementation, and evaluation of learning. Learning plan has been availablesyllabi and lesson plans, instructional implementation has accordance RPP but lessvariable in the application of the method, and the evaluation of teacher learning hasdeveloped rubrics and assessment in the lesson plan format. Constraints faced to implementthe learning of character, active, and fun on Indonesian subjects in fourth gradeSurakarta Muhammadiyah 10, among others: the constraints of the school, teachers,and students.
PENINGKATAN MINAT DAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA MELALUI STRATEGI WORD SQUARE PADA SISWA KELAS V DI SD NEGERI 03 JETIS KECAMATAN JATEN KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR TAHUN AJARAN 2013/2014
Authors: Utami Ratnasari Diah , Sari Arum Oktavia
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to describe the enhancement of interest and learningoutcomes of students in learning science through the Square Word strategy . This researchis Classroom Action Research ( CAR ). Teacher is as the subject of the perpetratorand the student is as the recipient of actions. Techniques of data collection are usingobservation techniques, interviews, test, and documentation. Technical analysis of thedata is using interactive analysis technique that consists of data reduction, data display,and conclusions. The results of this study showed an increase in interest and learningoutcomes of students in learning science. It can be seen from the indicators of achievementof learning interest include: participation, attention, and pleasure in learning activities.The percentage of participating students’ interest in learning activities increasedfrom 39.53 % to 86.04 %.. Students who are concerned in learning activities in the precycle of 34.88 %, increasing to 83.71 % in the second cycle . While students are happy inlearning activities in pre-cycle by 30.23 % increased to 81.39 % in the second cycle.Student learning outcomes also increased, prior to the act the learning outcomes is asmuch 37.20 % and increased to 81.39 % in the second cycle . This study suggests thatthe implementation of Square Word Strategy can increase the interest and learning inscience teaching at fifth grade students of SD Negeri 03 Jetis District of CorkKaranganyar Academic Year 2013/2014 .