bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Membrane stabilization as a mechanism of the anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic root extract of Choi (Piper chaba)
Authors: Yesmin Samina , Paul Arkajyoti , Naz Tarannum , Rahman A. B. M. Atiqur , Akhter Sarkar Farhana , Wahed Mir Imam Ibne , Emran Talha Bin , Siddiqui Shafayet Ahmed
Published: August 2020

Background

This experiment is conducted to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect ofPiper chabaroots.

Methods

The in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity ofPiper chabawas carried out by human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization method which includes heat-induced hemolysis and hypo tonicity- induced hemolysis and also by another method of egg albumin denaturation assay.

Results

Anti-inflammatory activity study of crude ethanolic extract was performed using heat induced membrane stabilization method, hypo-tonicity induced HRBC membrane stabilization method and egg albumin denaturation method. Crude ethanolic extracts ofP. chabashowed promising in vitro anti-inflammatory activity in a concentration dependent manner. Using acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) as standard drug and was compared with ethanolic extract to determine anti-inflammatory activity. Heat induced anti-inflammatory test revealed that crude ethanolic extract ofP. chaba(500 μg/ml) and positive control ASA(500 μg/ml) have 52.667% and 78% respectively, hypo tonicity induced anti-inflammatory test showed 35.67% and 59% inhibition of red blood cell (RBC) hemolysis. Egg albumin denaturation method also evaluated that crude ethanolic extract (1000 μg/ml) and ASA (1000 μg/ml) showed 60% and 97.12% inhibition of egg albumin denaturation.

Conclusion

The plant ofP. chabaof the genusPiperpossesses promising anti-inflammatory activities.
Resistance to antihypertensive drugs targeting Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-System in cancer patients: a case series
Authors: Goel Mishita , Varandani Rajiv Sunil , Okwuosa Tochukwu M.
Published: August 2020

Hypertension impacts overall prognosis in cancer patients. There are no specific recommendations for its management in these patients. We report a case series of 5 cancer patients with suboptimal BP lowering and even worsening BP with ACEi or ARBs that improved to normal upon discontinuation of these drugs.
Recent studies on probiotics as beneficial mediator in aquaculture: a review
Authors: Hasan Kazi Nurul , Banerjee Goutam
Published: August 2020

Background

The diseases in fish and other economic aquatic species is a great concern, and every year it causes a huge loss in aquaculture sectors. The use of probiotics might be a good option to reduce the disease risk and to enhance the productivity.

Methods

We have gathered information from various important research and review articles related to fish diseases, probiotics, and gut microbial community. We have tried our level best to represent the up-to-date information in a concise manner.

Results

In this present review, we have demonstrated the various beneficial aspects of probiotics in aquaculture sectors. Probiotics are considered as novel functional agents that have potential implications in influencing the gut microbiota of any aquatic organism. Researchers have already documented that probiotics play a wide spectrum functions (such as decrease diseases and stress, enhance immunity, modulate gut microbiota, helps in nutrition, improve water quality, etc.) in host body. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of probiotics contribute to increase feed value and growth of the animal, and improve spawning and hatching rate in aquaculture system. Here, we have discussed each and every functions of probiotics and tried to correlate with the previous knowledge.

Conclusion

The reports regarding the efficacy of probiotics and its detailed mechanism of action are scarce. Till date, several probiotics have been reported; however, their commercial use has not been implicated. Most of the studies are based on laboratory environment and thus the potentiality may vary when these probiotics will be used in natural environments (pond and lakes).
Comparative study between volume-controlled ventilation and pressure-controlled ventilation in prevention of postoperative pulmonary atelectasis in morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic gastric sleeve surgery
Authors: Hassan Ramy Mohammed , Mahmoud Hoda Omar , Abd el Aal Wael Ahmed , Abdelmotaleb Mona Ahmed Mohamed , Shabana Tarek Samir
Published: August 2020

Background

Atelectasis can result during general anesthesia from mechanical ventilation and decrease in lung volume particularly in morbidly obese patients undergoing abdominal laparoscopic sleeve surgery, which may result in the development of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), including hypoxemia and pneumonia, with an increased risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality.

Objective

To compare between volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) and pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) in prevention of postoperative pulmonary atelectasis in morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic gastric sleeve surgery.

Methods

This is a randomized prospective comparative clinical study with a total of 52 morbidly obese patients who were randomly divided into 2 groups; 26 patients in group (V) for VCV and 26 in group (P) for PCV arterial blood samples were obtained, and PaCO2, PaO2, and SaO2 were obtained and recorded. ABG analyses were also obtained 30 min, 12 h, and 24 h post-extubation, and PaCO2, PaO2, and SaO2 were obtained and recorded.

Results

The results of this study revealed no significant differences between PCV and VCV as regards the incidence of postoperative lung atelectasis immediately postoperative (69.2% with VCV vs 61.5% with PCV, p = 0.368), 12 h postoperative (61.5% with VCV vs 53.8% with PCV, p = 0.282), and 24 h postoperative (53.8% with VCV vs 46.2% with PCV, p = 0.325). There were also no significant differences between VCV and PCV as regards baseline, intra-, and post-operative PaCO2 levels as well as baseline and postoperative SaO2 and PaO2 values. However, PCV showed better intraoperative oxygenation compared to VCV. SaO2 was 96.32% ± 1.85 and 97.25% ± 1.37 in VCV and PCV groups respectively (p = 0.027) while PaO2 was 212.75 mmHg ± 20.13 and 225.8 mmHg ± 18.69 in VCV and PCV groups respectively (p = 0.011).

Conclusion

Despite a slight improvement in intraoperative oxygenation parameters (PO2, SaO2) with PCV than VCV, there is no significant difference between VCV and PCV in the prevention of postoperative pulmonary atelectasis; moreover, there is no difference in postoperative oxygenation parameters in morbidly obese patients who undergo laparoscopic sleeve surgery.
Streamline pair selection for comparative flow field visualization
Authors: Sawada Shoko , Itoh Takayuki , Misaka Takashi , Obayashi Shigeru , Czauderna Tobias , Stephens Kingsley
Published: August 2020

Fluid dynamics simulation is often repeated under varying conditions. This leads to a generation of large amounts of results, which are difficult to compare. To compare results under different conditions, it is effective to overlap the streamlines generated from each condition in a single three-dimensional space. Streamline is a curved line, which represents a wind flow. This paper presents a technique to automatically select and visualize important streamlines that are suitable for the comparison of the simulation results. Additionally, we present an implementation to observe the flow fields in virtual reality spaces.
Knowledge and health beliefs of reproductive-age women in Alexandria about tetanus toxoid immunization
Authors: Mehanna Azza , Ali Mervat H. , Kharboush Ibrahim
Published: August 2020

Background

Maternal neonatal tetanus is a substantial public health problem in many developing countries. In 2017, nearly, 30,848 newborns died of neonatal tetanus; thus, high immunization coverage remains a necessity. This study aims to assess knowledge and health beliefs of reproductive-age women in Alexandria about tetanus toxoid immunization.

Methods

A cross-section survey of 700 females attending health offices in Alexandria was done using an interview questionnaire to collect data regarding women’s knowledge and beliefs about tetanus toxoid vaccine (TTV) and maternal and neonatal tetanus (MNT). Nine health offices were selected using multi-stage random sampling.

Results

Most of studied women (83.6%) had poor knowledge of MNT and TTV. The highest percentage of women had low perception of susceptibility to MNT (48.0%), moderate perception of severity of MNT (57.4%) and barriers to TTV (58.9%), high perception of benefits of TTV (86.6%), and high self-efficacy in taking the vaccine (76.2%). Less than one-third of the sampled women (27.7%) were immune by (TT2+). Logistic regression models showed that the place of antenatal care, level of knowledge, perceived barriers, and socio-economic level were significant predictors of immunity status (p= 0.008,p= 0.032,p= 0.011, andp= 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion

Women lacked information about MNT/TTV and may even have been discouraged by their private obstetricians from taking the vaccine. Perceived barriers to receiving tetanus toxoid vaccination were shown to be an important predictor of immunization behavior
‘Even though it might take me a while, in the end, I understand it’: a longitudinal case study of interactions between a conceptual change strategy and student motivation, interest and confidence
Authors: McLure Felicity , Won Mihye , Treagust David F.
Published: August 2020

Although there have been many investigations of the social, motivational, and emotional aspects of conceptual change, there have been few studies investigating the intersection of these factors with cognitive aspects in the regular classroom. Using a conceptual change approach, this case study reports experiences of a student of low to average prior attainment who achieved high levels of conceptual gains in five science topics over a two-year period. Her experience in the cognitive, social and affective domains was probed through analysis of interviews, student artefacts, video recordings of classroom learning, pre/post-tests and questionnaire results. For this student, peripheral or incidental persuasion of belonging to a supportive small group initially led to greater engagement with the construction of understanding through production of multiple student-generated representations, resulting in improved self-confidence and high levels of conceptual change. Evidence of transfer from performance to mastery approach goals, adoption of positive activating emotions and increased interest in science were observed. This study highlights that adoption of a multidimensional conceptual change approach with judicious organisation of small groups to support construction of verbal, pictorial and written representations of understanding may bring about changes in motivational stance, self-confidence and emotions to maximise conceptual change.
Risk to self: identifying and managing risk of suicide and self-harm
Authors: Correia Raquel , Jackson Danielle
Published: August 2020

This article summarises key areas of research informing understanding of vulnerability factors and risk assessment and management across the lifespan, with particular reference to risk to self (self-harm and suicide). It relates the discussion to people attending sexual assault referral centres (SARCs), but is applicable in a range of clinical settings. Although people accessing SARCs often present with mental health difficulties and various other vulnerabilities, SARC practitioners often do not have specialist training in working with mental health difficulties, including individuals at risk to self. We discuss developmental differences that should be considered when assessing and managing risk to self, and examine relationships between mental health difficulties, risk to self, and rape and/or sexual assault. Finally, we offer advice on how to respond to risk presented by individuals who have experienced sexual violence.
Myxedema Heart and Pseudotamponade
Authors: Baldwin Chelsey , Newman Jonathan D , Vallejo Franco , Peck Valerie , Greene Loren Wissner , Goldberg Ira J
Published: August 2020

Context

Thyroid hormone plays a critical role in cardiovascular function. Severe hypothyroidism can be associated with “myxedema heart” characterized by relative bradycardia and pericardial effusion. Effusions associated with severe hypothyroidism can be large. Despite the large volume of effusions, tamponade is not a common consequence. However, with the incorporation of echocardiography into routine practice for evaluation of effusion, echocardiographic findings suggestive of clinical tamponade occur frequently.

Case Description

We report a series of 3 patients with large pericardial effusions secondary to severe hypothyroidism. These cases serve to demonstrate the discordance between echocardiographic signs consistent with tamponade with a patient’s stable clinical hemodynamics. We also report the development of bronchial obstruction, a rare complication of a large effusion due to severe hypothyroidism.

Conclusions

While pericardial effusion associated with severe hypothyroidism has been described for decades, the echocardiographic findings may be less well known and may lead to unnecessary downstream testing or invasive management. We use our case series to facilitate a summary of what is known about the epidemiology, mechanism and physiology, and expected outcomes of myxedema associated pericardial effusion. Finally, in the setting of current paucity of clinical guidelines, we aim to familiarize clinicians with the phenomenon of pseudotamponade and suggest management strategies for myxedema associated pericardial effusion to guide clinicians to use conservative medical management in majority of cases.
Marja Kallasmaa 70
Authors: Laansalu Tiina , Päll Peeter
Published: August 2020

Marja Kallasmaa 70.
Katse kirjeldada artefaktinimesid
Authors: Laansalu Tiina , Päll Peeter , Tender Tõnu
Published: August 2020

Artefaktinimed on traditsiooniliselt liigitatud kultuurnimede alaliigiks, mis hõlmab inimese loodud rajatiste nimesid. Inimtekkeliste objektide hulk on tänapäeval aga üha suurem ja erinäolisem, eriti linlikus keskkonnas, mistõttu vajab traditsioonilise kohanimede klassifikatsiooni artefaktinimede rühma kirjeldus täpsustamist ja täiendamist. Artikkel vaatleb artefaktinimesid kolmes kasutussfääris: maapiirkonnas, linnapiirkonnas ja slängis. Ruraalsete artefaktinimede puhul on analüüsitud Harjumaa Jüri ja Kose kihelkonna kohanimistuid, urbonüümide alusandmed pärinevad KNABist ning keskenduvad suures osas Tallinna nimedele. Slänginimede puhul on esitatud valdavalt Tallinna ja Tartu näited, mis pärinevad eri aegadel valminud teadustöödest, artiklitest ning internetist.

Abstract. Tiina Laansalu, Peeter Päll, and Tõnu Tender: An attempt to describe artefact names. Artefact names have been traditionally classified as a subtype of cultural names designating names of man-made facilities. The number of human-constructed objects is growing rapidly and they are very diverse, especially in the urban environment, therefore the classical description of artefact names needs updating and elaborating. The article looks into artefact names in three domains: the rural environment, the urban environment and slang expressions. Examples of rural artefact names have been taken from the Jüri and Kose parishes in Harjumaa, urban names are based on the data from Tallinn of the Place Names Database (KNAB) of the Institute of the Estonian Language, slang names are taken from various sources covering mainly Tallinn and Tartu.
Livonian place names: documentation, problems, and opportunities
Authors: Ernštreits Valts
Published: August 2020

Livonian is one of the most endangered languages in Europe. Place names of Livonian origin are found not only where Livonian was recently spoken, but also in territories historically inhabited by Livonians across Latvia. Collection and study of place names in Livonian, however, has been fragmentary and largely occurred as part of other research. Documenting place names through field work is no longer possible, as few Livonian speakers remain and most of them know only already documented place names. This article gives an overview of previous work on research of place names in Livonian and grammatical features of such place names, examines techniques for collecting and reconstructing place names in Livonian using innovative approaches with existing data sources (e.g., harvesting place names from metadata), and explains the need for an authoritative source so Livonian place names can be used on official signage to visually demarcate the Livonian areas of Latvia and restore the Livonian place name landscape.

Kokkuvõte. Valts Ernštreits: Kohanimed liivi keeles: kogumine, uurimine, probleemid ja võimalused. Liivi keel on üks ohustatumaid Euroopa keeli. Liivi päritoluga kohanimesid leidub mitte ainult kohtades, kus veel hiljuti on räägitud liivi keelt, vaid ka kõikjal liivi ajalooliselt asustatud aladel Lätis. Liivikeelsete kohanimede kogumine on siiski olnud fragmentaarne ja enamjaolt tehtud muude uurimistööde (nt üldise sõnavara kogumise, etnograafiliste ekspeditsioonide jms) kõrvalt. Liivikeelsete kohanimede dokumenterimine välitööde käigus enam pole võimalik, kuna liivi keelejuhte on jäänud väga vähe ja nende kohanimede tundmine on ajaloolistel põhjustel vaid väga üldine. Käesolev artikkel annab ülevaate eelnevast tööst liivikeelsete kohanimede dokumenteerimise alal, kohanimede grammatilistest iseärasustest, samuti vaatleb võtteid, mida saab kasutada liivikeelsete kohanimede kogumiseks, sh innovatiivselt lähenedes olemasolevatele andmekogudele ja kogudes kohanimesid nende metaandmetest, käsitleb liivikeelsete kohanimede loomise ja rekonstrueerimise vajadust ja võimalusi, selgitab vajadust ametliku liivikeelsete kohanimede allika järele ametlike viitade paigaldamiseks liivi areaali visuaalseks märgistamiseks ja liivikeelse kohanimede maastiku taastamiseks.
Lymphatic Vessels Mapping in the Lower Extremities of a Healthy Asian Population
Authors: Lee Yun-Hwan , Kim Hyung-Kyu , You Hi-Jin , Kim Deok-Woo
Published: August 2020

Purpose: Intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) lymphography is an effective tool to obtain real-time video images of functioning lymph vessels in edematous limbs. However, it is difficult to identify the course of lymph vessels in obese patients or patients with large dermal backflow. Without the image, surgeons have to rely on their experience when performing the skin incision to locate the lymphatic vessels. This study focused on elucidating lymphatic vessel flow patterns in healthy lower extremities in an Asian population to refer these findings for lymphedema treatment.Methods: ICG fluorescence lymphography was performed by injecting 0.2 mL of ICG into the first web space of the foot. After 4 hours, fluorescence images of lymphatic vessels were obtained and the lymphatic vessels were marked. Three landmarks were designated; the medial malleolus, the medial patellar border, and the groin femoral artery. Straight lines connecting the points were drawn, and the distance between the connected lines and the marked lymphatic vessels was measured in eight points. Results: Fifteen subjects with healthy lower extremities (15 right and 15 left) were included. The average course of the main lymph vessels passed 26.2±18.0 mm dorsally to the medial malleolus, 53.7±35.7 mm medially to the medial patellar border, and 25.5±19.2 mm medially to the three-quarters point of the upper landmark line.Conclusion: The main functioning lymphatic vessel largely follows the great saphenous vein course, passes in front of the medial malleolus, runs over the posterior border of the medial epicondyle at the knee level, and travels anteriorly toward the inguinal lymph nodes.
Soft Tissue Reconstruction for Open Tibia Fractures
Authors: Kim Young-Woo , Park Ho-Youn , Sur Yoo-Joon
Published: August 2020

Tibia fractures are the most common long bone fracture and about 24% of them are open fractures. Open fractures accompany disruption of the soft tissue around the fracture site and the fractures are exposed to the external environment. Contamination of the fracture site and devitalization of the injured soft tissue greatly increase the risk of infection, nonunion, and other complications. The first and most important treatment goal of open fractures is prevention of infection. To accomplish this objective, immediate radical debridement and irrigation, second-look operation, and subsequent soft tissue reconstruction should be performed as soon as possible. However, early soft tissue reconstruction is not always possible and when it should be delayed, negative pressure wound therapy is recommended. Among various reconstructive armamentarium including skin graft, local flaps, pedicled flaps, and free flaps, the best method need to be chosen based on patient’s general condition, size of defect, neurovascular status, range of injury zone, and cosmetic and functional perspectives. Preoperative in-depth evaluation of vascular structures is mandatory and free flaps are preferred when the range of injury zone is wide.
Design and prototyping of highly-collimated long-distance optical systems with an LED light source
Authors: Gong Chen , Xu Haiping , Xu Chen , Liang Jinhua , Mu Yajie
Published: August 2020

Electrical lighting design is usually based on the illumination design. Its main task is to ensure that the electricity and optical system can be normal, safe, reliable, and economically viable. In this paper, we propose a design and optimization method for outdoor illumination systems to generate relatively powerful light beams for far distances. The illumination systems are based on highly integrated LED modules instead of high intensity discharge lamps. The size of the LED light-emitting surface is

2.5

m
m

×
2.1

m
m

, and the secondary optical elements are composed of a basic plano-convex lens and a Fresnel lens. The results of simulation demonstrate that the emission angle of the system is 1.1°, and the central illumination at 2500 m away is more than 1 lx. The total system is simple but practical, and several groups can be combined into a larger system. Two proof-of-concept prototypes producing acceptable illuminance are developed, and one is composed of four groups whose light is visible from 5000 m away. Both are fully waterproof and in a high degree of protection. The systems can provide up to 12 h of continuous lighting, and the operating temperature rise is less than 25°C. The results indicate that our design can be applicable for practical wild working sites.
Enhanced room temperature infrared LEDs using monolithically integrated plasmonic materials
Authors: Briggs Andrew F. , Nordin Leland , Muhowski Aaron J. , Simmons Evan , Dhingra Pankul , Lee Minjoo L. , Podolskiy Viktor A. , Wasserman Daniel , Bank Seth R.
Published: August 2020

Remarkable systems have been reported recently using the polylithic
integration of semiconductor optoelectronic devices and plasmonic
materials exhibiting epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) and negative
permittivity. In traditional noble metals, the ENZ and plasmonic
response is achieved near the metal plasma frequency, limiting
plasmonic optoelectronic device design flexibility. Here, we leverage
an all-epitaxial approach to monolithically and seamlessly integrate
designer plasmonic materials into a quantum dot light emitting diode,
leading to a

5.6
×

enhancement over an otherwise
identical non-plasmonic control sample. The device presented exhibits
optical powers comparable, and temperature performance far superior,
to commercially available devices.
Older fashion bloggers: Baby boomer women and inclusive apparel design
Authors: Starkey Sandra
Published: August 2020

Social media aided in expanding apparel design strategies for this study, which evaluated ageing women’s clothing preferences by examining their fashion blogs. Fashion blogs provided a rich qualitative dataset that offered insight into how older bloggers made sense of their world. This research analysed written texts and images presented by twenty women to better understand how they felt about their clothing options. Four major themes emerged from the blog data: personal style, self concept, health and ability, and apparel preferences and garment characteristics. The data showed that bloggers were interested in clothing styles and fashion trends that they could modify to accommodate an ageing body without calling attention to disabilities. Clothing was a form of personal expression for many of the bloggers. The women in this study preferred comfort in their clothing styles, and they were generally unwilling to exchange garment comfort for style even when style was a high priority. The study fills a gap by using blogs to inform apparel design. The data from the blogs ultimately helped the researcher, an apparel designer, to better understand and identify possible options for inclusive apparel design for boomer women with a range of needs.
The anatomy of self: A medical artist’s perspective
Authors: Strangeway Merlin
Published: August 2020

Medical illustrators work within and around life’s unclear coordinates and are hired to pay attention to these dissonant voices. We work with the sick, dying and dead on a daily basis – from the patient whose life-threatening condition you are drawing, to the cadaver on the dissection table that you have spent months examining during your student training. The 100-year-old specimen in a jar that you paint with delicate layer upon layer of watercolour (building over the hours the full complexity of a painted pathology so that medics can better identify the disease), that act of drawing, that attempted embodied cartography has an impact on your mental health. How could it not? It is difficult to draw sickness; it is difficult to be confronted with one’s own mortality so regularly. The act of making such work for a living has implications on the mind and mental health of the medical artist, in addition to their ability to draw the anatomy of emotions. I do not think we talk about it enough within our profession, least of all draw it. This article attempts to explore mostly uncharted and choppy waters within biomedical visualization – the art of drawing the whole holistic self. It suggests a new paradigm for medical illustrators to work within – one of radical compassion for what it means to have a body, to live within the brilliant complexity of that body and to draw it through all its states of experience.
A psychoanalytic approach to illustration
Authors: Mumby Hannah
Published: August 2020

This article explores the possibilities of a psychoanalytic approach to illustration; asking whether an illustration practice can be developed that draws on influences from psychoanalytic theory and clinical practice. The author uses research with a group of participants to explore how psychoanalysis can illuminate or problematize the illustrator’s encounter with a text, looking into the ways psychoanalysis works to trouble straightforward narratives, and asking how an illustrator may use a psychoanalytic approach to take up a more subversive position in their work. A central interest in this research was to challenge the conventionally subservient relationship that illustrations have to texts. When this relationship breaks down, tensions emerge, especially when the material being illustrated resists having meaning-making structures imposed on it, or when the illustration does not illuminate the text. This research uses illustration practice to explore what is hidden but runs through the stories we tell: what our unconscious might be offering us, through our dreams, or through our choice of words, that cannot be known at face value. The research uses content from participant interviews about dreams and personal mythology as the basis for the creation of illustrations that take on a life of their own and trouble the original interview narrative, created through a practice that is informed by psychoanalytic approaches. The article also explores the influence of image–text relationships within the exhibition space, suggesting that illustration could make use of display formats that engage with and challenge the meaning-making dynamics embedded within this space.
The role of the autobiographical graphic novels in the elaboration of psychic traumas: Art Spiegelman, David B. and Justin Green
Authors: Uzu Tonka
Published: August 2020

The aim of the present article is to examine the therapeutic potential of autobiographical graphic novels in the context of the theory of art as psychic reparation. The starting point for such analysis is Stefano Ferrari’s research on writing as reparation and Duccio Demetrio’s work on autobiographical creativity. By examining three well-known and influential autobiographical graphic novels by Art Spiegelman, David B. and Justin Green, it aims to highlight some of the mechanisms of autobiographical narrative specific to the long-form comics format and the role they play in the elaboration of psychic traumas.
Creativity, community and connections: Empowering people living with dementia through illustrative practice
Authors: Robinson-Carter Ellie
Published: August 2020

Run Tomo is a sash relay race with people with dementia and others in their communities. From the North to the South of Japan, people run across the cities meeting others with dementia. Run Tomo actively connects people with dementia across Japan. The project challenges the stigma of dementia, showing what is possible with a diagnosis, both to the participants and the wider communities, making the cities more dementia-friendly and aware. In September and October 2019, Ellie ran with the individuals, inviting them to document their shared experiences by using The Photobook Project model. By selecting themes, participants of Run Tomo took photographs using single-use cameras. Mirroring the movement of the sash, being passed between participants, the cameras captured the smiles, places, movement, weather and challenges they encountered. The project captures the phenomenological experience of place: from the sweaty foreheads, to when hands meet, to the tender moments where people celebrate their athletic achievements. The Photobook Project features in a wider context of Ellie’s research about the role illustration plays in creating new channels of communication, methods of engagement and illumination of narrative for people living with dementia. This article asserts the power of illustration within a socially engaged context, in particular those living with dementia and their carers, making the case for experiential illustration as a tool for empowerment and connection.
Illustrating dementia
Authors: Smith Nigel
Published: August 2020

Debate about dementia commonly elicits horror and despair. Yet, dementia is a syndrome of many distinct brain disorders. While progression is expected, memory scores are highly variable in dementia. Illustration plays a part by emphasizing the shrivelled brain of advanced Alzheimer’s. Texts typically refer to wasting in the Alzheimer’s brain although it is selective and may be absent in some cases. Scans emphasize the anatomy of dementia rather than its variability and potential for relearning. Zombies have become associated with symptoms of dementia in both scholarly discourse and popular conversation. A combination of these metaphors and the implication of ‘brainless behaviour’ may contribute to the stigma around dementia and ‘malignant practices’ reported among care staff, such as mockery and disparagement, which disempower people with dementia. However, people with dementia can describe their own experience. An increasing number of memoirs, blogs and podcasts explore the subjective experience of living with dementia. Art by people with dementia reveals persistent creativity and may help them to retain a sense of identity and self-worth. My animated documentary, Mute, illustrates the past life of ‘Frank’, a man with advanced dementia. The technique of charcoal reduction, with its subtle residue of past images, is a metaphor for the selective memory loss typical of Alzheimer’s dementia. The theme of animation therapy in mental health and community arts has gained support in recent years. I discuss the scope for co-produced animations by people who have dementia and the skills required by arts health workers in this field.
Our affair with current affairs
Authors: Ballantyne-Way Theadora
Published: August 2020

This article is a practice-led investigation of the current media landscape using print and humour as a means of resisting the barrage of imagery and the noise of contemporary news cycles. I will present a critical reflection on my own works in relation to other artists and commentators of photomontage and modern image culture. Silicon Valley CEOs want us to be connected 24/7, tuned in, switched on and hyper-notified. With screens an everyday essential and being online an imperative, entertaining yet inaccurate content feeds get the most hits and interaction. Negative news sells and divisive issues can hold attention, but in this era of information warfare, the impact on mental health is increasing. An Internet unhindered by national boundaries or regulation has incurred a storm of misinformation that not only divides opinions online but can instigate offline actions that radically change our societies. We could be living through a watershed moment where the technology to create deepfakes derails democracy, or this could be a turning point where scientists and researchers fight back over misrepresentation of their research and the population can assert control over our own content feeds and thoughts.
Not suitable for the easily disturbed: Sonic nonlinearity and disruptive horror in Doki Doki Literature Club!
Authors: Bowden Sara
Published: August 2020

The extent to which disturbing video games incite real-world violence has been a source of intense debate since the late 1990s following school shootings across the United States. In 2017, the release of Team Salvato’s Doki Doki Literature Club! (DDLC!) signified a major shift in independent game developers’ approaches to creating a violent horror gaming experience: the developers include the use of nonlinear sound (e.g. frequency jumps, non-standard harmony, noise/chaos) and local-level melodic transformations to complicate player immersion. In this article, I argue that the game’s music is one of the greatest sources of horror. The game music in DDLC! works as both an immersive and a disruptive agent that shapes the player’s gaming experience. Though the game is a work of fiction, the emotions and reflections of the player prompted by the violent acts within are real – the player’s experiences of horror, fear and terror are visceral.
Use of Xpert MTB/RIF for diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis in Indonesia
Authors: Triasih Rina , Setyati Amalia , Setyowireni Dwikisworo , Nuryastuti Titik , Putri Rachma Dewi Isnaini , Rusdiyati Emi
Published: August 2020

Background The Xpert MTB/RIF assay demonstrated a better diagnostic value than sputum smear for TB in adults and children.

Objective To evaluate the use of Xpert MTB/RIF for TB diagnosis in children.

Methods We conducted a prospective study in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, involving 19 primary health centers (PHCs) and one provincial hospital. Children aged 0-14 years with suspected TB who visited the study sites were screened. Subjects underwent history-taking, physical examination, tuberculin skin test, chest X-ray, as well as sputum induction for Xpert MTB/RIF assay, sputum smear, and TB culture. The diagnosis of TB was made by doctors based on the results of investigations, as follows: certain TB (bacteriological confirmation), probable TB, and possible TB.

Results Of 80 subjects, 21 (26%) were diagnosed with TB disease (4 certain TB and 17 probable TB). Sputum induction was successfully performed in 79 children. None of the children had positive sputum smears. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected by Xpert MTB/RIF in 4 children, accounting for 5% of all children with suspected TB, or 19% among children with TB disease. The 4 Xpert MTB/RIF-positive subjects had severe TB disease and were rifampicin-sensitive.

Conclusion Xpert MTB/RIF may improve case finding among children with severe TB disease with negative sputum smear.
Validity and reliability update of the Indonesian version of International Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect - Child Abuse Screening Tool (ICAST-C)
Authors: Dhamayanti Meita , Rachmawati Anne Dian , Noviandhari Anindita
Published: August 2020

Background In Indonesia, few screening tools for child abuse and neglect are available. The currently-favored tool was adapted from the International Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN)-Child Abuse Screening Tool (ICAST-C) questionnaire, consisted of 5 domains  child abuse and 59 items.

Objective To re-evaluate the validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of ICAST-C.

Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted 480 children aged 11–18 years from junior and senior high schools in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Subjects were selected using two-stage cluster sampling. A validity test using Spearman’s rank correlation with Rs ≥0.3 was considered valid. A reliability test using Cronbach’s alpha formula with alpha score ≥0.7 was considered reliable.

Results Most items in the Indonesian version of ICAST-C were valid and reliable, except for the following 9 out of 59 items: “anyone in your home used alcohol”, “seen adults in your home use knives”, “insulted you by calling you dumb”, “in order stop or change behavior”,  “forbade you from going out”, “pinched you”, “explained to you why something you did was wrong”, “gave you something else to do (in order to stop or change behavior)”, and “took away privileges or money”ICAST-C reliability was good (0.919), however domain of violence exposure (0.483) and neglect (0.445) were not so good

Conclusion The updated Indonesian version of ICAST-C is considered valid, reliable as a screening tool for child abuse.
Case report of Fanconi syndrome in Wilms tumor
Authors: Syarif Ayu Hutami , Harahap Edward Usfie , Aisyi Mururul
Published: August 2020

Fanconi syndrome is a group of clinical manifestations including aminoaciduria, proteinuria, glycosuria, hypophosphatemia, and metabolic acidosis. It may occur after exposure to certain drugs. The most common causes are antiepileptic, antiviral, antibiotic, and antineoplastic drugs.1 The two most common causes in the antineoplastic regimen are cisplatin and ifosfamide. Ifosfamide, a derivative of cyclophosphamide, has been used to treat pediatric solid tumors.2 Its high efficacy in numerous studies has led to its long-term administration for pediatric malignancies, including Wilms tumor. Along with other treatment modalities, ifosfamide considerably improved the survival rate (90%) of Wilms tumor while only a few cases resulted in Fanconi syndrome.1,3,4

Here we illustrate a case of presumed drug induced Fanconi syndrome in a Wilms tumor patient who previously achieved remission for 10 months.
DYNAMICS OF DEVELOPMENT OF CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE NON-PROFIT SECTOR IN THE THREE SIBERIAN REGIONS (BASED ON EXPERT EVALUATIONS)
Authors: Omelchenko Daria A. , Maximova Svetlana G. , Noyanzina Oksana E.
Published: August 2020

Contemporary Russian social policy is marked by intensive development of state-public partnership as an important instrument for identifying and responding to social issues, improving quality of social services, protecting rights and freedoms of the Russian citizens. Shouldering some of the state functions on the provision of social services, organization of socially significant events and activities, NPOs are often more efficient and effective, they react faster on social needs and provide population with opportunities to participate in resolution of their problems and change their lives for the better way. The analysis of dynamic characteristics of civil society, fulfilled by the authors on the base of expert evaluations in the three border regions of the Siberian federal district (the Altai region, the Novosibirsk oblast, the Republic of Altai, n = 180), allowed to reveal their structure and relationships with peculiarities of the functioning and interaction with other NPOs and governmental bodies at different levels. Our findings suggest that processes in civil society are strongly interconnected, and that the assessment of their actual state and dynamics is very subjective, affected by professional experience and peculiarities of expert organization.
SOCIAL SECURITY IN THE ASSESSMENTS OF YOUTH FROM THE VOLGOGRAD REGION (ON THE MATERIALS OF SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH)
Authors: Borisova Olga V. , Saryglar Syldysmaa A. , Scheglova Daria K.
Published: August 2020

The relevance of the study is grounded by the need that ensuring social security of young people is the most important tool in solving many problems of this age group, who, at present, can become a key factor for our country and the basis for successful socio-economic development. The aim of this work is to study the assessments of social and personal security by the young people living in the Volgograd region. The empirical base is the data of a sociological study conducted by the research team of Altai State University in 2019. According to the results of the study, the youth of the Volgograd region is concerned about ensuring economic security (the level of material well-being of the population), problems of their own self-realization and prospects, corruption and arbitrariness of the authorities. In this regard, the respondents expressed in their views the need to take measures, ensuring the social security of the population of this region, and among them - to improve the living standards of the region's population, to combat unemployment, and to improve the work of law enforcement agencies. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the analysis of the social security of youth in the context of the socio-economic development of the region of residence. The practical value of the study lies in the presentation of relevant assessments of the social security of young people in the region, that will allow the state and other security agents to take measures to improve the situation in the region.
Modelling and Implementation of a Result Processing System
Authors: Ojo Oluwadamilare , Akhigbe Bernard a
Published: August 2020

Result Processing System forms the key activities in the life span of a student. The demand for effective and efficient result computation and output presents the need to automate existing manual result processing system. The digitized process provides capabilities such as a centralized repository for storage, management and dissemination of result information to those concerned. A requirement gathering exercise based on the assessment of the existing manual process reveals that it is inefficient and rigorous in nature. The manual activities of the existing system were identified and modeled with the UML object-oriented methodology. Soft technologies such as the hypertext preprocessor - a high level scripting programming language and MYSQL database management systems were combined in the implementation of the student result processing system. The designed and implemented system was able to provide a robust database that generates various reports that are relevant to secondary schools. The reports included results summary, results broadsheet, students result sheet, and so on. These reports are all downloadable because the system is able to generate them in PDF format. The system is unique in that it can be adopted and adapted to suit the result processing idiosyncrasies of any public secondary school.
Gedankenexperiment in der Konzeption von Kunstwerken
Authors: Scholger Martina
Published: August 2020

Martina Scholger widmet sich in ihrem Beitrag aus Sicht der digitalen Geisteswissenschaften dem Notizbuch als Ideenspeicher künstlerischer Werkkonzeption und betrachtet es als eigenständiges Metakunstwerk auf ästhetisch-materieller, konzeptionell-inhaltlicher und dokumentarischer Ebene. Am Beispiel der Notizen des österreichischen Konzept- und Objektkünstlers Hartmut Skerbisch demonstriert sie die digitalen Repräsentations- und Nachnutzungsmöglichkeiten des Notizbuchs und schreibt dieser nichtliterarischen Gattung folgende primäre Eigenschaften zu, die auch ihre Analyse leiten: fragmentartig, prozesshaft, verteilt. Erst die Synthese von Methoden aus Editionswissenschaft, Digitalen Geisteswissenschaften und Informationswissenschaft ermöglicht die Dokumentation des künstlerischen Schaffensprozesses zwischen Konzeption und Manifestation.
Standortverlagerungen Deutschlands im Welt-Raum
Authors: Trautsch Jasper M.
Published: August 2020

Jasper M. Trautsch untersucht in diesem Beitrag, wie Deutschland in der Nachkriegszeit verortet worden ist, und geht dabei der Frage nach, ob es nach 1945 zu grundlegenden Veränderungen in der geographischen Selbstpositionierung Deutschlands kam oder die mental maps der Deutschen auch über diesen Epochenbruch hinweg stabil geblieben sind. Dafür analysiert er Europa- und Weltkarten sowie Globusdarstellungen, die in massenmedialen Quellen wie Briefmarken, Wahlplakaten und populärwissenschaftlichen Sach- und Schulbüchern erschienen sind. Dabei kommt er zu dem Ergebnis, dass in der Bundesrepublik ein atlantisches Welt-Bild den Eurozentrismus des Nationalsozialismus ablöste, während sich in der DDR ein eurasisches Welt-Bild durchsetzte.
Moralische, utopische und religiöse Muster in der Umweltbewegung und ihre Marktnischen
Authors: Thapa Philipp P.
Published: August 2020

Wir können den Ökomarkt nicht nur als Teil des Markts, sondern auch der Umweltbewegung auffassen und nicht nur nach religiösen, sondern auch nach moralischen und utopischen Mustern deuten. Der Aufsatz versucht, den Zusammenhang der drei Muster plausibel zu machen. An ihnen richtet bereits Gabriela B. Christmann eine Studie aus, in der sie Sinnsysteme von Ökoaktivisten am Ende der 1980er Jahre untersuchte. Wie der Vergleich der Umweltethiker Martin Gorke, Edward O. Wilson und Anthony Weston zeigt, kann es sich lohnen, auch in der akademischen Philosophie auf religiöse und utopische Muster gefaßt zu sein. Sie können selbst betont formale Argumentationen unsichtbar vorbestimmen. Andererseits können wir religiöse und utopische Denkweisen transparent als Anregungen und Methoden einsetzen. Während Lucien Karpik das Marktdenken bloß um die Idee des »guten« Produkts ergänzt, geht es auf dem Ökomarkt in utopischer Hinsicht oft um die Entmarktung wichtiger Lebensbereiche.
Von der Reliquie zum Ding - und zurück?
Authors: Laube Stefan
Published: August 2020

Der Titel des Beitrags von Stefan Laube spiegelt einen Verlauf, einen Prozess, den man räumlich, vor allem aber auch zeitlich ausfüllen kann. Säkularisierung, Moderne und Verweltlichung sind die Assoziationen, die man mit der Formel »Von der Reliquie zum Ding« verbindet. Diese Entwicklung machte sich eruptiv bereits in der Reformation bemerkbar. Überall, wo sich Protestanten durchsetzten, waren die in den Kirchen aufbewahrten Reliquien in ihrer Existenz bedroht. Wie verhält es sich nun umgekehrt, wenn das Ding zur Reliquie wird? Als Beispiele behandelt der Verfasser Kuriosa aus der Natur und Habseligkeiten von Martin Luther. Kann man hier sogleich von einer Sakralisierung sprechen? Die Pendelbewegung der Gegenstände - von der Reliquie zum Ding bzw. vom Ding zur Reliquie - regt an, die Sonde auf Umschlagspunkte zu lenken, die beim Gegenstand einen Wandel in der Zuschreibung bewirken, sei es, dass Motive der Idolatrie Auslöser sind oder Motive des Ikonoklasmus.