bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Commissioners of the Council for Russian Orthodox Church and Their Activities in Western Siberia in the 1940s - Early 1950s (Based on Materials of the Altai Region and Novosibirsk Region)
Authors: Kalashnik V.V.
Published: November 2024

The article on the basis of modern historical studies presented different estimates of the activity of the authorized Council on the Russian Orthodox Church. Consider educational element in the activities of the commissioners as an important construct in the ideological and educational system, religious policy of the state. The involvement of archival materials made it possible to study practical activities authorized in the territory of Altai and Novosibirsk region.
Features of Development of Kazakhstan Party System in the Post-Soviet Period
Authors: Abzalbekov B.S.
Published: November 2024

The article discusses the formation and development of the party-political system of Kazakhstan in the post-Soviet period. The processes of party building and development of multiparty system are touched upon. Attention is paid to the creation of a dominant party and the formation of a multiparty system with a dominant party. Special attention is paid to the formation of the legislative base of the party-political system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In addition, the features of the formation of the electoral system, which served as the basis for modern electoral cycles in the Majilis, are considered.
Bandkeramik and the Mesolithic: Succession or Co-Existence
Authors: Stäuble H. , Wolfram S.
Published: November 2024

The question of the chronology and coexistence of Mesolithic hunters and gatherers and the well defined early farmers of Central Europe (5500-4500 B.C.) is discussed here with the reference to the present-day state of Saxony in Germany. This regional study focuses on the problem of their chronology and the interpretation of the distribution map for Saxony based on the solution to that problem. It can be concluded that the widespread absence of Mesolithic traces is not necessarily taphonomic, and that the distribution map shows primarily a clear separation of Mesolithic and Bandkeramik sites. This situation is interpreted as a consequence of coexistence in separate areas, but with potential contacts. For the authors, a parallel but spatially separated existence of early farmers, hunters and gatherers can be explained by culture-related differences and specificities of the respective groups in their perception and handling of space.
Escaped with a Whole Skin? Reflections on the 30th Anniversary of the Death of Wilhelm Emil Mühlmann (01.10.1904 - 11.05.1988)
Authors: Koryakin K.V.
Published: November 2024

The subject of the essay is the life trajectory and the contribution of German ethnologist Wilhelm Emil Mühlmann. His contradictive personality excels as an example of a life strategy of accommodation to different political regimes of Germany. The scholar's experience reflects the fate of human science in a totalitarian and post- totalitarian society. The article discusses the issues of research ethics, of integrated effects of political developments on researcher's personality and approach as well as of the roots of German ethnological tradition.
Tobolsk Governor V. A. Artsimovich as an Intellectual Leader
Authors: Matkhanova N.P.
Published: November 2024

In this paper the author studies the role of the governor V. A. Artsimovich as an intellectual leader, his actions on prescribing his personal attitudes, value paradigms and management style for the subordinates. Also his mechanisms of communication are examined. The significance of Siberian experience for the realization of intellectual leader role while governing Kaluga Governorate and implementing the Emancipation Reform is shown in the article.
Balance of Business and Personal Life as a Factor of Psychological Well-Being of Personality
Authors: Dementiy L.I. , Orlova O.I.
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes the approaches to understanding the balance of business and personal life, identifies two basic approaches - the value-semantic approach and the “responsibilities-resources” approach, which determined the theoretical starting points of an empirical study of the relationship between work and personal life. As a factor determining the presence-absence of a balance of business and personal life, the time regime of work is considered and investigated. The results of an empirical study prove that the features of the temporary mode of work determine harmonious or deficient models of the relationship between work and personal life. The relationship between the balance of business and personal life with most scales of psychological well-being is proved.
The Regional Round Table “Psychological Security of the Individual in Modern Society”
Authors: Malenova A.Yu.
Published: November 2024

The results of the round table devoted to the problem of psychological security of the person, which was held on October 10, 2019 on the basis of the faculty of psychology of Dostoevsky Omsk State University. The review of the content of reports within the priority areas of the analysis of the problem of psychological safety is given. To reveal interdisciplinary character, high scientific and practical significance of developments in this field.
Homeownership Opportunities Beyond Single-Family: Quantifying the Current Landscape
Authors:   University of California Berkeley, Ramiller Alex , Mattiuzzi Elizabeth ,   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Schafran Alex ,   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco
Published: November 2024

Although homeownership is commonly portrayed as a single household living in a detached residential structure, the landscape of homeownership in the United States offers a diverse array of homeownership opportunities beyond traditional single-family homes with a single or married-couple borrower(s), some of which provide more affordable entry points into homeownership for low- and moderate-income (LMI) households. This brief identifies and quantifies these homeownership types for the United States and Western U.S. states in the 12th Federal Reserve District.1 These homeownership types include condominiums (condos), housing cooperatives (co-ops), community land trusts (CLTs), tenancies in common (TICs), multiunit buildings with an onsite owner, homes with accessory dwelling units (ADUs), and homeowners sharing a unit with extended family or others. The brief develops a typology organizing these homeownership categories by whether they involve shared ownership, a shared property, or shared occupancy. The brief outlines and contextualizes each homeownership type and provides estimated unit counts for each geographic scale, where possible. It then discusses innovations in the community development field, as well as outstanding barriers to development and lending for new units in different homeownership categories. Finally, the brief outlines additional research and data collection needed to further clarify the accessibility and distribution of these homeownership types.
Exergy Analysis of a District Heating System with a Predictive Model Based on Neural Network Algorithms
Authors: Tuponogov V. G. , Sesekin A. N. , Bolkov Ya. S.
Published: November 2024

The article presents an exergy analysis of a district heating system (DHS) that incorporates a predictive model based on neural network algorithms. The study focuses on evaluating the thermodynamic efficiency of the DHS when these methods are applied, enabling the prediction of temperature changes and rapid adjustment of system parameters to enhance efficiency. The impact of increasing the number of connected consumers on the exergy efficiency of the DHS with the predictive model (DHPM) is examined. The use of neural network algorithms, such as LSTM, significantly enhances the system's ability to predict external temperature changes and respond promptly, resulting in optimized energy consumption and improved exergy efficiency, particularly at the beginning and end of the heating season. A comparative analysis of the exergy efficiency of traditional DHS and the system with the predictive model is included. The exergy analysis is based on modeling the system’s performance with varying numbers of consumers. The results indicate that an increase in the number of consumers leads to a rise in exergy efficiency due to better energy distribution management. The potential for significant thermal energy savings and reduced operational costs through the use of predictive methods is discussed. The study confirms that applying neural network algorithms in predictive models of DHS can substantially improve efficiency and reliability, leading to a more rational use of energy resources, cost reduction, and minimized environmental impact. The findings support the adoption of these methods in large-scale district heating systems for optimization and enhanced energy efficiency.
Exploring the role of machine learning models in risk assessment models for developed organizations’ management decision policies
Authors: Shannaq Boumedyen , Muniyanayaka Devarajanayaka Kalenahalli , Ali Oualid , Bani-Ismail Basel , Al Maqbali Said
Published: November 2024

The goal of this work was to create and assess machine-learning models for estimating the risk of budget overruns in developed projects. Finding the best model for risk forecasting required evaluating the performance of several models. Using a dataset of 177 projects took into account variables like environmental risks employee skill level safety incidents and project complexity. In our experiments, we analyzed the application of different machine learning models to analyze the risk for the management decision policies of developed organizations. The performance of the chosen model Neural Network (MLP) was improved after applying the tuning process which increased the Test R2 from −0.37686 before tuning to 0.195637 after tuning. The Support Vector Machine (SVM), Ridge Regression, Lasso Regression, and Random Forest (Tuned) models did not improve, as seen when Test R2 is compared to the experiments. No changes in Test R2’s were observed on GBM and XGBoost, which retained same Test R2 across different tuning attempts. Stacking Regressor was used only during the hyperparameter tuning phase and brought a Test R2 of 0. 022219.Decision Tree was again the worst model among all throughout the experiments, with no signs of improvement in its Test R2; it was −1.4669 for Decision Tree in all experiments arranged on the basis of Gender. These results indicate that although, models such as the Neural Network (MLP) sees improvements due to hyperparameter tuning, there are minimal improvements for most models. This works does highlight some of the weaknesses in specific types of models, as well as identifies areas where additional work can be expected to deliver incremental benefits to the structured applied process of risk assessment in organizational policies.
Kontrowersje związane z realizacją strategii „od pola do stołu”. Praca przeglądowa
Authors: Jarosz Zuzanna , Faber Antoni
Published: November 2024

Rosnące problemy klimatyczne i środowiskowe obligują do poszukiwania efektywnych rozwiązań w działalności gospodarczej. W grudniu 2019 r. Komisja Europejska wydała komunikat dotyczący strategii Europejskiego Zielonego Ładu, który wyznaczył ambitne cele w dążeniu do osiągnięcia neutralności klimatycznej do 2050 r. W pracy scharakteryzowano krótko cele i priorytety Europejskiego Zielonego Ładu (EZŁ) i strategii „od pola do stołu” oraz dokonano przeglądu badań nad skutkami ich wprowadzenia. Przedstawiono także przyczyny protestów rolników w Polsce i podjęto próbę ich wyjaśnienia. Zaprezentowane wywody prowadzą do ogólnego wniosku, że niezbędna jest szeroko zakrojona polityka informacyjna na temat EZŁ oraz działania szkoleniowo-doradcze dla rolników i konsumentów żywności. Odpowiedni poziom wiedzy rolników mógłby wpłynąć na zmianę ich postaw i większą akceptację proponowanych rozwiązań.
Impact of Smoking on MicroRNAs in Significant Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Hajsadeghi Shokoufeh , Iranpour Aida , Mirshafiee Shayan , Nekouian Reza , Mollababaei Maryam , Motevalli Hamed , Ahmadi Seyyed Amir Yasin , Dakkali Mohammad Sedigh
Published: November 2024

Background

Given the importance of coronary artery disease (CAD) and the range of cardiovascular disease phenotypes in smokers, as well as the potential genetic and epigenetic factors, we were motivated to explore the impact of smoking on some selected microRNAs associated with significant CAD.

Methods

A total of 60 individuals were selected in four groups including non-smoker without significant CAD (S-A-), non-smokers with significant CAD (S-A+), smokers without significant CAD (S+A-) and smokers with significant CAD (S+A+). Micro-RNA expression was investigated using real-time PCR. General linear model was used to calculate fold change (FC) considering SA- as the reference group.

Results

For mir-34a, down-regulation was observed in S+A- (FC =0.13, P =0.007) and S+A+ (FC =0.23, P =0.036) groups. For mir-126-3p, down-regulation was observed in S-A+ group (FC =0.05, P =0.024). For mir-199, up-regulation was observed for S+A- group (FC =9.38, P =0.007). The only significant interaction between pack-years of smoking and number of significantly narrowed vessels (≥75% stenosis) was for mir-199 which was in favor of down-regulation (P =0.006), while the main effects were in favor of up-regulation (P <0.05).

Conclusion

Mir-34a expression may be affected by smoking, whereas mir-126-3p expression may be affected by atherosclerosis, the most common reason of CAD. The significant down-regulation of mir-199 for the interaction of smoking dose and severity of CAD was a notable finding showing the harmful consequence of this interaction. Further studies are needed for this micro-RNA.
Efeitos do uso crônico do zolpidem para tratamento da insônia em idosos e sua relação com a doença de Alzheimer
Authors: Cavalieri Marilene Ferraz , Terçarioli Bárbara Inocente , Rosa Janaína Carla Parizotto da , Cardoso Renato Daniel Ramalho , Lage Paula Souza
Published: November 2024

Introdução: A demência é uma síndrome de caráter crônico e progressivo, marcada por um declínio significativo nas funções cognitivas, afetando principalmente habilidades como memória, raciocínio, orientação, linguagem, cálculo e julgamento. Existem diversas formas de demência, cada uma determinada pela doença subjacente e com manifestações clínicas variadas, sendo a doença de Alzheimer a mais prevalente. Nestes pacientes a insônia é uma das perturbações do sono comuns, presentes entre 3,9 a 22,1% dos pacientes. Atualmente, o zolpidem é o fármaco de primeira escolha no tratamento da insônia, proporcionando benefícios tanto para pacientes com dificuldade em adormecer quanto para aqueles que enfrentam problemas na manutenção do sono. Entretanto, quando usado de maneira crônica este apresenta vários os efeitos colaterais como: redução da libido, insônia de rebote, déficit da função cognitiva, desenvolvimento de tolerância e dependência, risco de quedas, sonolência excessiva, sedação matinal e suicídio A insônia em pacientes com doença de Alzheimer (DA) permanece um desafio na prática clínica. Objetivo: Dessa maneira, o objetivo desse artigo foi descrever os efeitos do uso do zolpidem indicado para o tratamento da insônia e sua relação com a DA. Metodologia: Dessa forma, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura, com a seleção de artigos publicados em periódicos das bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) e National Library of Medicine/NLM (PUBMED). Resultados: Os resultados encontrados demonstraram que pacientes em uso crônico de zolpidem apresentaram maior risco de desenvolvimento da DA. Conclusão: Dessa maneira, é necessário um maior monitoramento na prescrição e no acompanhamento de idosos em uso de zolpidem.
Human potential in the system of indicators of the national wealth of the country in the context of the transformation of the socio-economic system
Authors: Chikhireva Natalia Viktorovna , Alpidovskaya Marina Leonidovna
Published: November 2024

The subject of this article is human potential, which is considered in the system of indicators of national wealth of the country in the context of transformation of the socio-economic system. The role of human potential in the system of indicators of national wealth is especially important in the context of transformation of the socio-economic system. The development of human potential contributes to the diversification of the economy, allowing the country to move from traditional industries to new, high-tech sectors. Human potential plays an important role in achieving sustainable development goals, since it contributes to a more rational use of resources and a more equitable distribution of benefits. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the role of human potential in the system of indicators of national wealth of the country in the context of transformation of the socio-economic system. The research methodology is based on the generalization of information on the topic under consideration from domestic and foreign sources of information. Using the comparative-descriptive method of research, the categories of "human capital", "human potential", "labor resources" were analyzed. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that human potential is considered as a phenomenon in the space-time continuum, which creates a fundamental opportunity for the accumulation of national wealth of the country in the context of changes in the socio-economic system. The article substantiates the fundamental role of human potential in the accumulation and increase of national wealth of the country, in the perspective of investments in human capital through qualifications and education, professional training, forming sustainable development and adaptability to changes in the economic environment.
Yakut folk song of the central (Prilensky) region: traditions of the interaction of word and music in the Dyeretia of yry in Olonkho culture
Authors: Larionova Anna  Semenovna
Published: November 2024

The traditions of the interaction of word and music in the Yakut folk song of Dyeretia Yrya in Olonkho culture of the central (Prilensky) region are investigated. The study of the tradition of the interaction of word and music in the Yakut folk song is important due to the fact that it helps to understand the mechanisms in the relationship of word and music in folklore, in addition, this issue has not yet been considered as a special one in science, especially since the verse structure and their patterns in ancient poetic texts differ from modern folklore and vocal works, and their melodies are suprasemantic in nature. The song traditions of Dyeretia yrya in Olonkho were formed before the 1st century BC and many of their significant elements have survived to our time. The material of the study is the musical transcriptions of the Dyeretia Yrya Olonkho recognized by Olonkhosuts (Olonkho culture researchers). The methodology is based on theoretical developments in ethnography, philology and folk music. In this work, the author relied primarily on the method of comparative analysis. For the first time, on the basis of comparative works, it is shown that the traditions of the interaction of word and music in the Yakut folk songs of Dyereti Yrya in Olonkho culture of the central (Prilensky) region can be revealed by comparing the rhythm of the verse structure and the quantitative rhythmics of the chant, which in the future will help to reveal the deeper integrative possibilities of these two semantic systems and temporary art forms. The traditions of the interaction of word and music in the Dyeretia of the central (Prilensky) region of Yakutia are canonical and have been preserved for centuries. In the songs of Dyeretia Yrya, the melodic line develops according to the principle of "rotation in a closed circle" and has a pendulum-like character of the melodic pattern, which confirms the antiquity and patriarchy of such songs from Yakut legends. In the verse structure of the dyereti of yrya in olonkho, the tendency to equilocation and the presence of seven-syllable and six-syllable periods characteristic of Turkic versification are revealed. In the quantitative rhythm of the chant, the dominance of chants is observed to a greater extent with long durations, each sound of which is equal to short durations, expressed by eighth, sixteenth durations and trioles. The super-long ones represent the introductory part and necessarily open the melody, thereby emphasizing the beginning of the song.
La posible vulneración de los derechos a la intimidad, propia imagen y protección de datos a través del uso de dispositivos de videovigilancia en las comunidades de propietarios
Authors:   Universidad de La Laguna (España), Gestido Castilla Eduardo
Published: November 2024

This paper seeks to provide a critical and reflective approach to the possible violation of the rights to privacy, own image, and personal data protection through the use of video surveillance devices in communities of property owners under horizontal property regime. The legal framework applicable to these rights in residential communities will be examined, and new forms of video surveillance that may disrupt these rights in the future will be identified, including the Internet of Things, video doorbells, drones, and thermal cameras. The central topic of the paper will be examined through the analysis of the installation and use of video surveillance systems through agreements of the property owners’ association, as well as by individual property owners.
Was Christum treibet
Authors: Lubki Matheus Rodrigo , Schwambach Claus
Published: November 2024

The hermeneutical problem with the Holy Scriptures, namely, the distance between the authors’ worldview and the present day, can be seen in all periods of Ecclesiastical History. Seeking answers for the present day is, intrinsically, the function of theologians. However, the question that remains is: to what extent can the current context influence the reading and interpretation of the Bible? Could the sacred texts be distorted when compared to the present day? This article aims to research the theology of Martin Luther, with regard to his hermeneutics in dealing with the Holy Scriptures. Luther was a great defender of the correct interpretation of the Scriptures from their center, that is, from that which promotes Christ – was Christum treibet. Based on the search for sources and the history of Luther’s debates with the Roman Church of his time, as well as his adversaries, the author wants to expose his theological decisions here. Luther does not have a literalist reading of the texts, but he uses the center, which is Christ, as his sieve. It is from this center that all the other parts are elucidated. Therefore, it is important to study grammar, as well as to count on the action of the Holy Spirit, so that the texts can be well distinguished and understood based on what promotes Christ.
HERBST, Michael. Lebendig! Vom Geheimnis mündigen Christseins. Holzgerlingen: SCM Hänssler 2018, 287p.
Authors: Hegele Josias Hilbert
Published: November 2024

O artigo trata-se de uma resenha do livro HERBST, Michael. Lebendig! Vom Geheimnis mündigen Christseins. Holzgerlingen: SCM Hänssler 2018, 287p.
Midkine promotes thyroid cancer cell migration and invasion by activating the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway
Authors: Yuan Li , Zhou Ping , Liu Wengang , Jiang Liqing , Xia Mengwen , Zhao Yongfeng
Published: November 2024

Objective:

Thyroid cancer (TC) therapy, which is routinely used at present, can improve patients’ survival rates. However, lymph node metastasis results in a higher degree of TC malignancy in patients who experience recurrence and/or death. The elucidation of new mechanisms of TC metastasis can help identify new therapeutic targets. Midkine (MDK) is expressed aberrantly in various cancers. However, the regulatory mechanisms of MDK in TC remain largely unknown. Hence, this study mainly explores the effect and molecular function of MDK in TC.

Material and Methods:

MDK gene expression and protein levels were analyzed using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis and the Human Protein Atlas online databases. MDK messenger RNA (mRNA) in TC was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. MDK, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT), and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) protein in TC were analyzed by Western blotting. Transwell and wound healing assays were performed to evaluate TC cell metastasis.

Results:

MDK mRNA was significantly highly expressed in most patients with TC (P < 0.05). Moreover, MDK gene expression levels correlated with different TC stages. MDK protein was negative in normal tissues and positive in TC tissues. MDK mRNA and protein were significantly highly expressed in TC cells (P < 0.01). Compared with metastasis in the control group, that in the MDK group is significantly suppressed by MDK knockdown (P < 0.001). MDK knockdown also significantly inhibited PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR protein expression in TPC-1 and K1 cells (P < 0.001). The activation of PAmT-P significantly enhanced the PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR protein expression in TPC-1 and K1 cells (P < 0.001) and promoted metastasis (P < 0.001), thereby disrupting the inhibitory effect of the MDK knockdown.

Conclusion:

Our findings confirmed that MDK promotes TC migration and invasion by activating PAmT-P. MDK is a novel molecular target for the treatment of patients with metastatic TC.
Perspectives on Quality of Life in Women with Breast Cancer
Authors: Manrique-Hernandez Edgar Fabian , Ballesteros Goes Esther , Hoyos Madera Kendrys , Bermon Anderson , Hurtado-Ortiz Alexandra , Licht-Ardila Maricel , Nieves-Cuervo Giselly Mayerly
Published: November 2024

Objectives:

The objectives of the study are to assess changes in the quality of life amongst breast cancer patients undergoing treatment at a cancer institute in Colombia.

Materials and Methods:

Analytical observational prospective cohort study in patients over 18 years of age diagnosed with breast cancer. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was analysed using the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire and a Visual Analogue Scale measured at diagnosis and after a 6-month follow-up. Sociodemographic and clinical factors were analysed using a logistic regression model, with STATA 16 software.

Results:

A total of 103 patients met the included criteria and were included in the study, with a median age of 56 years. According to the Tumour, Node, Metastasis classification of cancer stage, the majority of participants (35.92%) were in stage 2 of cancer. Multivariate analysis revealed that changes in HRQoL were significantly associated with age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.06, P = 0.001), radiotherapy (OR = 3.56, P = 0.038) and moderate anxiety and depression (OR = 5.54, P = 0.007).

Conclusion:

While the overall quality of life in women with breast cancer showed a slight improvement over the 6 months, older patients and those receiving radiotherapy experienced a greater decline in health perception.
Acute poisoning with Jatropha curcas in North Eastern Himalayan region – A case series and review of literature
Authors: Sharma Deepak , Pushkar Kumar , Sharma Vivek Bharti , Kumar Ankit
Published: November 2024

Plant poisoning is one of the common accidental sources of poisoning amongst the villagers and the troops going on long-range patrolling. Seeds of Jatropha curcas a/k/a biodiesel pant mimicking nuts are an uncommon source of poisoning, manifesting as mainly gastrointestinal symptoms and less frequently the other systemic manifestations. Here, we report a case series of two cases of serving soldiers who presented with gastrointestinal symptoms after consumption of seeds of unknown plants mimicking nuts, which was later identified as J. curcas. Both patients had favorable outcomes with syndromic management of the unknown poisoning.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ МОБИЛЬНЫХ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЙ НА КАЧЕСТВО ПОДГОТОВКИ СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ СФЕРЫ ТУРИЗМА
Authors: М.Р. Деньгина
Published: November 2024

Совершенствование современной образовательной системы предполагает использование мобильных платформ и технологий на основе искусственного интеллекте. Применение мобильных средств в обучении специалистов туристической отрасли соответствует требованиям, предъявляемым к программам подготовки высококвалифицированных работников для этой сферы и работы в условиях экономической интеграции. В статье представлено исследование, целью которого является доказательство эффективности использования мобильных приложений в обучении специалистов туристической отрасли для повышения качества их подготовки.
РАЗВИТИЕ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ В РФ В УСЛОВИЯХ 2022 ГОДА
Authors: Е.Ю. Васильева
Published: November 2024

В статье рассматриваются макроэкономические показатели кризисных периодов российской экономики с начала 21 века. Анализируется влияние сложных условиях на развитие инфраструктуры. Устанавливаются принципиальные отличия кризисных явлений, санкций и ограничений 2022 г., от прошлых лет, представлен прогноз их влияния на основные отрасли инфраструктуры. Высказаны предположения о том, какие действия способны смягчить негативные тенденции и поддержать развитие инфраструктуры в стране.
НАЛОГОВЫЕ ПРЕФЕРЕНЦИИИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ С ИНВЕСТИЦИОННОЙ НАПРАВЛЕННОСТЬЮ: АНАЛИЗ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ ПРАКТИКИ
Authors: Е.В. Максимова
Published: November 2024

Автор статьи, учитывая многомерность и многочисленность трактовок и оценок налоговых преференций, рассматривает понятие налоговых преференций как дискуссионный вопрос. В широком смысле, по мнению автора, преференциальный налоговый режим является более широким понятием налоговых льгот. Различия между налоговыми льготами и налоговыми преференциями на современном этапе недостаточно широко освещены ни юридическими ни экономическими теоретиками. Существенным отличием между этими двумя терминами является то, что понятие налоговые льготы закреплено на нормативном уровне, а преференциальный налоговый режим нет. Налоговые льготы относятся к элементу налогообложения и являются инструментом налоговой политики государства. Поставленная цель предопределила единство понятий налоговых льгот и преференций и позволила выявить эффективность их использования для стимулирования инвестиционной деятельности предприятий.
ОЦЕНКА ВЛИЯНИЯ КУРСА ДОЛЛАРА США НА СТОИМОСТЬ АКЦИЙ ПАО «АЭРОФЛОТ»
Authors: Р.А. Панфилова
Published: November 2024

В данной статье исследуются особенности экономико-математического моделирования как метода математически формализованного описания экономических объектов, процессов и явлений, а также проводится построение модели расчета стоимости акции и проверка качества данной модели на возможность применения ее на практике. Целью работы является подробное рассмотрение экономико-математического моделирования как одного из методов планирования и прогнозирования, а также его практического применения на реальных данных фондового рынка. В результате исследования была построена адекватная эконометрическая модель, в которой оценивается влияние курса доллара США и предыдущего значения стоимости одной акции публичного акционерного общества «Аэрофлот» на ее текущую стоимость. Полученная модель позволяет прогнозировать будущее значение стоимости одной акции компании «Аэрофлот» и может применяться на практике при построении инвестиционной стратегии.
Safety and efficacy of epicardial thoracoscopic ablation: a meta-analysis
Authors:   First City Clinical Hospital named after I.I. Volosevich, Russia, Arkhangelsk, Bystrov D.O. , Komarov R.N. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Shonbin A.N. ,   First City Clinical Hospital named after I.I. Volosevich, Russia, Arkhangelsk, Afonin B.O. ,   First City Clinical Hospital named after I.I. Volosevich, Russia, Arkhangelsk, Sorokin R.O. ,   First City Clinical Hospital named after I.I. Volosevich, Russia, Arkhangelsk, Matsuganov D.A. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow
Published: November 2024

Objective. To perform a meta-analysis of publications to assess the safety and effectiveness of epicardial thoracoscopic ablation. Material and methods. The research was searched for and selected by two independent researchers. Any disagreements were resolved by involving a third party. When summarizing the data from individual studies, taking into account the significant statistical heterogeneity of the indicators, a random effects model was used. Results. In total, 13 articles are included in the analysis. The number of patients presented in the publications ranged from 10 to 475, with an average age of 54 to 62 years. A meta-analysis of the development of all complications; major cardiac and cerebral complications; freedom from atrial fibrillation after 12 months was performed. The analysis of the number of complications by different authors revealed that the average frequency of the complicated postoperative period was 11.0% (95% CI 1.0–1.5%). The indicator had high heterogeneity (I2 = 85.5%, p<0.001), taking values from 1.0% (van Laar, 2019) to 39.0% (Adiyaman, 2018). A meta-analysis of the incidence of major cardiac and cerebral complications showed that the average result was 2%. The indicator had moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 35.5%, p = 0.01). The results of a meta-analysis of the frequency of freedom from atrial fibrillation 12 months after epicardial thoracoscopic ablation surgery showed that, on average, the sinus rhythm was maintained in 79% of patients (95% CI 73.0–85%). The indicator had high heterogeneity (I2 = 87.4%, p<0.001), taking values from 35.0% (Adiyaman, 2018) to 95.0% (Sindby, 2018). Conclusion. This study showed the high effectiveness of the operation under study for the treatment of atrial fibrillation with a low risk of major cardiac and cerebral complications.
Intraoperative ultrasound during laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors:   Medical Center «Sem’ja», Rostov-on-Don, Vozlyublennyj D.E. , Cherkasov D.M. ,   Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Cherkasov M.F. ,   Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Vozlyublennyj E.I. ,   Medical Center «Sem’ja», Rostov-on-Don, Galashokyan K.M. ,   Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don
Published: November 2024

Backgraund: for the purpose of navigation during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, intraoperative laparoscopic ultrasound (IUS, LUS) has been actively used. This technique is non-invasive, non-irradiating and can be performed repeatedly. LUS has high sensitivity and specificity of 93% and 96%, respectively, and is also characterized by the high quality of intraoperative diagnostics of choledocholithiasis in real time, the absence of invasiveness, short imaging time, the ability to repeat imaging at any stage of the operation, and the absence of ionizing radiation. Aims: improve the results of laparoscopic cholecystectomy using laparoscopic ultrasound. Materials and methods: a review of the results of 455 LUS performed during laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis and its complicated forms since 2013 is presented. Patients range in age from 28 to 75 years. Aloka Prosound 6 device and UST-5550 linear laparoscopic high-frequency ultrasound transducer were used to perform LUS, with a movable distal working area, the possibility of using color and pulse Doppler examination. Results: LUS allows you to assess the condition of gallbladder walls, its lumen, condition of nearby organs, to obtain information about the topographic anatomy of bile ducts, as well as the structure of walls and contents of the bile ducts. The study allows to prevent vascular injury around the Calo triangle, to assess the condition of the lymph nodes of hepatoduodenal ligament. By means of a LUZI, visualization of instruments inserted into the lumen of the bile ducts is possible, which allows you to perform an operational manual under control. Conclusions: in all cases, the ultrasound was performed without complications, and no contraindications to the study were revealed. The average study time was about 4 minutes. Ultrasound allows you to identify in real time the anatomical features of the structure of the biliary tract and blood supply of a particular patient, assess the condition of the lumen of the biliary tract, assess the condition of the walls of the gallbladder and bile ducts, and the surrounding tissues. The ability to visualize instruments in the lumen of the bile ducts, as well as calculi and sludge, allows simultaneous intervention to be performed under LUS control.
A NEW LASER SYSTEM WITH AUTOMATED CONTROL OF COAGULATION DEPTH: TOWARDS THE QUESTION OF COMPARABILITY OF BRIGHTNESS AND DEPTH OF LASER BURNS
Authors: Suetov A. A. , Boiko E. V. , Izmaylov A. S. , Doktorova T. А. , Ivanov A. А.
Published: November 2024

Background. The development of laser systems with automated control of retinal coagulation depth will make it possible to obtain reproducible laser burns of a given brightness on the ocular fundus during treatment. Nevertheless, the problem of correspondence of the brightness of the formed coagulates fixed by video capture to the depth of the formed coagulates in the retinal thickness remains poorly studied.

Objective. To study the correspondence between the brightness of the formed burns recorded by video capture and the depth of retinal coagulation during dose-dependent laser photocoagulation using an automated laser system based on the feedback principle.

Materials and methods. A prototype of an automated system for laser photocoagulation of the retina, consisting of a 0.81 µm diode laser and a video capture module integrated into the optical system of the slit lamp, as well as software that controls laser exposure using the feedback principle. Studies were performed on rabbit eyes (n=20). At spot diameter 200 µm, power 100, 140, 180, 220, 260 and 300 mW and planned coagulation levels 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 70%, the actual brightness of the obtained coagulates (%), the correspondence between planned and actual coagulate brightness were studied. The depth of coagulation (% of neuroretina thickness) and its correlation with the actual brightness of coagulates were studied at OCT.

Results. With a planned brightness of 5-10% (grade 1 according to L’Esperance), the actual brightness of the burns was significantly higher, the depth of coagulation on OCT was 20 to 30% of the retinal thickness. At the planned brightness of 20-40% and 5-70% (grade 2 and 3 according to L’Esperance), the actual burns brightness was not significantly different throughout the power range, and the depth of coagulation by OCT was 35-50% and 80-120%, respectively. The coefficient of variation of actual brightness and coagulation depth did not exceed 15% for the whole range of planned brightness and used power, except for cases of planned brightness of 5-10% and power of 220 mW and more. A significant correlation was found between actual brightness and coagulation depth (R=0.96, p=0.001).

Conclusion. During laser coagulation of the retina using a new automated laser system based on the feedback principle, homogeneous laser coagulates are automatically formed, and there is a significant correlation between the depth of neuroretinal coagulation and the brightness of burns recorded by video capture.
CATARACT SURGERY RESULTS IN BRAIN TUMOR DIAGNOSIS: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Telelyasov M. A. , Ukina A. O.
Published: November 2024

The article outlines a diagnostic investigation following phacoemulsification of early age-related cataract in patients who exhibited no improvement in best-corrected visual acuity and reported “floating spots” in the postoperative period. Optical coherence tomography of the optic disc showed a lesion in the peripapillary nerve fiber layer, symmetrically located on the temporal side of both eyes. Computer perimetry revealed bitemporal hemianopsia. Neuroimaging (MRI with intravenous contrast) confirmed the presence of a lesion in the chiasmatic-sellar region. In this article, we present a variant of postoperative management and additional examination of a patient as an example of differential diagnostic search for a possible non-ophthalmological cause of decreased visual acuity. It demonstrates the importance of an interdisciplinary approach as a key to early diagnosis of brain tumors.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CYSTIC FILTRATION BLEBS AFTER SINUSTRABECULECTOMY: CASES FROM PRACTICE
Authors: Starostina A. V. , Pudeeva A. Kh. , Adzhieva A. A.
Published: November 2024

The article presents two similar clinical cases. Patients with complaints of bulbar conjunctiva neoplasm, which grew on the cornea, caused a pronounced feeling of discomfort and partially impaired visual functions, turned to the department of surgical treatment of glaucoma of the MNTC “Eye Microsurgery”. It should be noted that previously these patients underwent a sinustrabeculectomy at their place of residence in order to reduce intraocular pressure. After examination and additional instrumental research methods, the presence of a cystic filtration bleb was diagnosed and the area of anti-glaucoma surgery was revised with individual characteristics in each case. As a result of the treatment, a positive effect was achieved. At a repeat visit a month after surgery, patients did not complain, intraocular pressure was compensated, and there were no relapses.
DYNAMICS OF MORPHOFUNCTIONAL PARAMETERS OF RESISTANT DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA AFTER SURGICAL TREATMENT
Authors: Martynov A. O. , Faizrakhmanov R. R. , Pavlovskii O. A. , Daloglanyan A. A. , Lukinykh M. A.
Published: November 2024

Anti-angiogenic injections are currently established as the «gold standard» for treating diabetic macular edema (DME). Vitreoretinal surgery is indicated in cases involving an epiretinal membrane or vitreoretinal traction syndrome. Some physicians consider it feasible to perform vitrectomy with the removal of the internal limiting membrane in patients with this condition.

The objective of this study is to assess changes in the morphofunctional parameters of the retina in patients with resistant forms of DME who have undergone surgical intervention. At the N.I. Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, 75 patients diagnosed with DME unresponsive to conservative therapy (anti-vascular proliferation therapy, retinal laser coagulation) were operated on. All patients were divided into three groups based on the type of intervention.

Evaluation of best-corrected visual acuity after surgery revealed a statistically significant improvement in this parameter among patients in the second and third groups compared to those in the first group six months post-operation. Patients in the third group showed a notable reduction in retinal thickness in the foveal area one month after the intervention. A significant decrease in edema was observed in patients from the second and third groups compared to those in the first group over the period from one month to one year. When assessing light sensitivity, a significant improvement in parameters was noted in patients from the second and third groups compared to the data from the first group one week after the surgery.

The results confirm the high effectiveness of vitreoretinal surgical intervention in patients with resistant diabetic macular edema, affirming the possibility of selecting a surgical approach.
FEATURES OF DIAGNOSTICS AND CHOICE OF TREATMENT TACTICS FOR INTRAOCULAR SCHWANNOMA
Authors: Tsyganova T. A. , Skorokhvatova E. V. , Denisenko A. N.
Published: November 2024

Rationale: Uveal tract schwannomas are extremely rare tumors that can mimic choroidal melanoma, which makes diagnosis and treatment tactics difficult. Despite the fact that this is a benign tumor, if untimely treatment is not provided, it can reach the degree of melanoma differentiation and have extraocular growth, which changes the vital prognosis.

Objective: To present a clinical case of choroidal schwannoma, analyze the features of diagnosis and choice of treatment tactics.

Methods: Diagnostics and examinations were performed at the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Nizhny Novgorod Region “City Hospital No. 35 of the Sovetsky District” of Nizhny Novgorod and included: examination of the fundus under conditions of drug-induced mydriasis, B-scanning, histological and IHC studies of the enucleated eyeball.

Results: According to the results of the morphological study, a rare tumor of the uveal tract, namely schwannoma, was obtained, which was subsequently confirmed by the performed IHC study.

Conclusion: Despite the benign nature of the tumor, its tendency to imitate uveal melanoma and the peculiarities of the clinical course (a high percentage of relapses after non-radical surgical treatment, frequent extraocular growth, pain syndrome developing due to the size and inevitable loss of visual functions), enucleation is a relevant method of surgical treatment as a treatment tactic, since all organ-preserving interventions lead to continued tumor growth.
TIMELY REFRACTIVE LANCESECTOMY SHOULD BE CONSIDERED AS A PROPHYLACTIC TREATMENT FOR OPENCLOSURE GLAUCOMA IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE CYSTS OF THE IRIDOCILIARY PROCESSES
Authors: Baitokova T. M. , Usanova G. Yu. , Uzunyan D. G. , Antonova O. P.
Published: November 2024

This article presents a clinical case of bilateral ophthalmic hypertensin a patient at the presbyopic age with cysts of iridocyliary processes. A bilateral lentectomy was carried out with the implant of multifocal IOLs for refractive purposes. To evaluate the clinico-functional performance of the treatment, an ultrasound biopsy of the anterior segment of the eye was performed and a hydrodynamic assessment was carried out before and after the operation. The remote results of the treatment allow to conclude that timely extraction of native lens can significantly reduce the risk of open-closure glaucoma in patients with cysts of iridocyliary processes.
ANTI-VEGF IN COMPLICATIONS OF PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETHINOPATHY
Authors: Chekhonin E. S. , Shishkin M. M. , Pavlovskii O. A.
Published: November 2024

This paper has the purpose to analyse the relevance of the use of angiogenesis inhibitors (anti-VEGF drugs) in the treatment of the proliferative stage of diabetic retinopathy. The literature review was carried out using the search engines PubMed, the Library, and the analysis of literature sources, 30 in number, published from 2000 to 2024. In patients with complicated cases of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, pre-intravitreal injection of angiogenesis inhibitors provides the most gentle approach to surgical treatment, which improves the anatomical and functional results of vitreoretinal surgery and helps reduce the number of intra- and postoperative complications.