bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tracer Study and User Satisfaction for Alumni of the Sociology and Anthropology Education Study Program of the FISIP UNNES, Indonesia
Authors: Husain Fadly , Wijaya Atika , Wicaksono Harto , Fatimah Nurul , Fauzi Malik Ridwan , Alias Nizamuddin
Published: June 2024

Throughout its journey as an educational forum, the sociology and anthropology education study program of Universitas Negeri Semarang has graduated 18 batches. The existence of graduates and access to a job must be known by the institution where graduates take their education because the output provided by graduates is a very important indicator of knowing the quality of education organized by the Sociology and Anthropology Education Study Program. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the absorption of the work field of graduates of the Sociology and Anthropology Education Study Program in 2020-2022, (2) to determine the level of satisfaction of alum users with the performance of graduates of the Sociology and Anthropology Education Study Program in 2020-2022. This research was conducted using a quantitative descriptive approach and cluster sampling technique in sampling. Data was collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of the tracer study provide an overview of the 168 alums. 51% of graduates work in education, while as many as 49% work in the non-educational sector, such as entrepreneurs and the government sector. Users of graduates (stakeholders) assessed alum performance with good and very good criteria, especially in the categories of ethics, main competencies, proficiency in the use of information technology, communication, teamwork, and personal development. As many as 21% of the graduates chose to continue their studies. The input submitted was obtained from the existing findings: quality in doing social research, improving foreign language skills, and increasing learning related to religion. This input is given as input for efforts to improve the quality of the next Sociology and Anthropology Education Study Program graduates.
IN VIVO STUDY OF POTENTIAL MECHANISMS OF MACROPHAGE REPOLARIZATION ON THE BACKGROUND OF TUMOR GROWTH
Authors: FEDOSOVA N. , CHUMAK A. , CHEREMSHENKO N. , KARAMAN O. , SYMCHYCH T. , VOYEYKOVA I.
Published: June 2024

Aim. To study the activity of antitumor immunity effectors and to analyze possible mechanisms of peritoneal Mph M1/M2 repolarization of Balb/c mice under the influence of lectin from B. subtilis IMV B-7724 in the dynamics of the model tumor growth. Materials and Methods. Studies were performed on Balb/c mice; Ehrlich adenocarcinoma (АСЕ) was used as an experimental tumor. Lectin from B. subtilis IMV B-7724 was administered to ACE-bearing mice at a dose of 1 mg/kg of body weight, 10 times. Immunological testing was performed on days 21 and 28 after tumor grafting. The functional activity of peritoneal macrophages (Mph), natural killer (NK) cells, cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTL), and cytokine levels (IFN-γ, IL-4) were studied by the standard methods. mRNA expression levels of transcription factors STAT-1, STAT-6, IRF5, and IRF4 in Mph were evaluated. Results. The administration of lectin from B. subtilis IMV B-7724 to mice with solid ACE led to the preservation of the initial functional state of peritoneal Mph M1 during the experiment. The bacterial lectin ensured the preservation of the cytotoxic activity of CD8+ T-lymphocytes and a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the NK activity (by 2.7 times compared to the intact animals and by 12.9 times compared to the untreated mice). A strong positive correlation was noted between the levels of the functional activity of Mph and CD8+ T-lymphocytes of animals with tumors and the indices of the antitumor effectiveness of bacterial lectin. The indirect polarization of Mph was evidenced by a strong positive correlation between the level of the NO/Arg ratio (which characterizes the direction of Mph polarization) and the cytotoxic activity of CD8+ T-lymphocytes, NK cells, and the expression of STAT1/STAT6 (the 21st day) and IRF5/IRF4 (the 28th day). Conclusion. In ACE-bearing mice, repolarization of the peritoneal Mph toward M1 can occur not only due to the direct action of bacterial lectin on the cellular receptors but also with the involvement of other effectors of antitumor immunity (NK cells, T-lymphocytes). The transcription factors of the STAT and IRF signaling pathways are involved in the polarization process.
CASE OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF PSORIASIS INTO CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA
Authors: TKACH V. , ALEKSANDRUK O. , KOSTYSHYN І. , VOLOSHYNOVYCH M. , GIRNYK G. , ROMANCHUK S.
Published: June 2024

Psoriasis is a long-known skin pathology, the incidence of which is constantly rising, though it is not possible to clearly establish the trend due to the differences in the research design. In recent years, the number of cases among children and adolescents has increased. Psoriasis becomes more aggressive, severe forms are more common. It can be combined with other diseases but is rarely complicated. Isolated cases of the transformation of psoriatic plaques into skin cancer have already been described in the literature. Probable causes were the long-term use of photosensitizers and phototherapy, naphthalene, and tar. However, in general, the risk of the malignant recurrence in patients with psoriasis does not increase significantly. We present a clinical observation of the transformation of psoriasis into cutaneous T-cell lymphoma in a patient with more than 37 years of psoriasis experience, where on the background of typical psoriatic rashes, fungal growths of doughy consistency appeared, which were initially misinterpreted as a warty form of psoriasis. Based on the data of additional methods of examination and the results of histological examination, the diagnosis was clarified. Specific treatment was prescribed, which proved its effectiveness. The probable causes of degeneration, in our opinion, are prolonged irritating external therapy and excessive insolation.
Accelerating Innovation in Primary Care to Support Adolescent Health Discussions
Authors: Jenssen Brian P. , DiFiore Gabrielle , Powell Maura , Luberti Anthony , Rapposelli Angela , Lawton Gregory , Dalembert George , Wood Sarah , Ford Carol A. , Biggs Lisa , Fiks Alexander G.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Adolescent strengths and risks are not routinely captured in systematized and actionable ways in pediatric primary care. To address this problem, we developed a comprehensive adolescent health questionnaire (AHQ) integrated within the electronic health record and evaluated the AHQ’s impact on collection of information on prioritized health-related domains.

METHODS

We developed and pilot tested the AHQ. We then scaled and assessed the AHQ’s impact on data collection. AHQ development used innovation methods and measured feasibility and acceptability outcomes. Scaling and postscaling outcomes included Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance and Sustainability measures: Reach (total questionnaires completed), Effectiveness (capture of key information across health domains pre- vs post-AHQ scaling), Adoption (proportion of practices that adopted the AHQ), Implementation (proportion of eligible adolescents who completed the AHQ), and Maintenance (monthly completion rates).

RESULTS

AHQ development led to a tool that was feasible and acceptable for use. During scaling (October 2020–December 2021), 22 147 questionnaires were completed by 20 749 unique adolescents aged 13 to 21 years at their preventive visit. Comparing pre- versus post-AHQ scaling data, use of the AHQ increased collection of information across domains, especially for strengths, gun safety, substance use, sexual activity, sexual orientation, and gender identity, from ranges of 0%–25% to 92%–95%. All 31 practices adopted the AHQ with completion at 88.7% of visits (n = 24 968). Two years postscaling, completion rates were >91% per month.

CONCLUSIONS

We successfully developed, scaled, and maintained an AHQ in a widely-used electronic health record system, a model for improving adolescent care and foundation for developing future interventions.
Las artes visuales venezolanas en la última década del siglo XX
Authors: Guerrero Tejada Jenny Marina
Published: June 2024

Este artículo brinda una visión global sobre las artes visuales venezolanas durante la última década del siglo XX, partiendo de las artes plásticas tradicionales como pintura y escultura, e incluyendo instalaciones, ensamblajes, videoarte, performances, arte digital, arte urbano, entre otras. Esboza brevemente el espíritu de los años noventa en el contexto socio histórico de Venezuela en ese periodo y ofrece un panorama del arte producido en ese país entre 1950 y 1990 haciendo énfasis en la última década del siglo, poco documentada, dando cuenta de sus características, exposiciones importantes, artistas destacados, temas y obras icónicas de dicho periodo.
Plot Twist: Unexpected twists in the sexist narrative of reggaetón
Authors: Ljubijankic Miriam Lisa
Published: June 2024

Building on ideas of feminism and post-feminism, this paper looks at the development and reception of reggaetón, which has been associated with buzzwords such as machismo and sexism, especially at the beginning of its emergence around the turn of the millennium. Its aim is to show what roles these two concepts have played in this Latin American pop music genre since its emergence. It discusses and illuminates ambivalences within the genre on an artistic level as well as impulses and turning points in its reception using examples from artistic projects and post-feminist voices of women who experience reggaetón as positive for themselves and have been able to establish new perspectives in the context of sexism, feminism and the freedom of female sexuality through it.
By-products of the cocoa agribusiness: high valueadded materials based on their bromatological and chemical characterization
Authors: Quiceno Suarez Anny , Cadena-Chamorro Edith M. , Ciro-Velásquez Héctor J. , Arango-Tobón Julio C.
Published: June 2024

Worldwide, cocoa agribusiness generates about 48 million tons of cocoa pod husk residues annually, and 700 thousand tons of cocoa bean shell, by-products of the pulping and roasting processes. These residues, if not used, can represent an environmental problem. The aim of this research was to identify the potential and use of these by-products through their bromatological composition, lignocellulosic content, aromatic compounds, fatty acid profile, polyphenol and methylxanthine content, and antioxidant capacity. Extraction was made from cocoa husk and shell with a mixture of acetone-water (70:30), applying sonication (40 kHz 15 min-1) and maceration (4 h). Total polyphenols (Folin-Ciocalteau method), antioxidant capacity (DPPH and ABTS), catechin, epicatechin, caffeine, and theobromine (HPLC) were quantified. Aromatic compounds and fatty acid quantifications were evaluated through GC/MS-QP. Cocoa husk and shell stood out for their content of fiber, protein, lignocellulosic material, and fatty acids (oleic, linoleic, elaidic, and stearic). Volatile compounds such as pyrazines, esters, alcohols, and aldehydes were identified in the residues. The results showed that the husk had a higher content of total polyphenols than the shell (26.64 mg GAE g-1 vs. 19.18 mg GAE g-1). The shell exhibited higher values of epicatechin (21.64 mg g-1), theobromine (15.41 mg g-1), and caffeine (4.96 mg g-1) compared to the husk (6.07, 0.53, and 0.52 mg g-1, respectively). Due to their composition, these by-products can be used by different industries, and contribute to obtaining a higher added value and to the solution of environmental problems due to their use.
Squash pulp as a source of carotenoids and dietary fiber in dried handmade spaghetti
Authors: López Mejía Natali , Andrade-Mahecha Margarita María , Vernaza Leoro María Gabriela
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different levels of dehydrated squash pulp (DSP) (0, 5, 10, 15, and 25 g·100 g-1 of flour) and drying temperatures (50 and 60 °C) on the quality characteristics of spaghetti, i.e., dietary fiber, total carotenoid content, color, cooking quality, texture parameters, and sensory acceptance. The results showed that DSP has a total carotenoid content of 44.42 to 277.90 µg·g-1 and fiber content of 2.45 to 12.40 g·100 g-1. Additionally, the DSP level decreased the cooking time, increased the loss of solids, and generated a decrease in the fracture, hardness, and elasticity of the spaghetti. Furthermore, the increase from 50 to 60 °C in the drying temperature increased the content of carotenoids up to 6.4%, improving the texture properties while not significantly affecting the cooking quality. The spaghetti formulations containing 5 and 10 g·100 g-1 of DSP resulted in improved sensory acceptance. It was possible to develop a new spaghetti type by adding dehydrated squash pulp with better nutritional characteristics such as high dietary fiber content and antioxidants.
Association between weeds and plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria in the phytoremediation of lead-contaminated soil
Authors: Muro-Del Valle Sergio Daniel , Mago-Córdova Alejandro , Carreño-Farfán Carmen , Sánchez-Purihuamán Marilín , Caro-Castro Junior , Carbajal-Gamarra Martin
Published: June 2024

Lead is a persistent heavy metal in the soil that can accumulate in edible plants, so non-polluting strategies are required for its removal. In this study, the efficiency of weeds with associated rhizobacteria in phytoremediation of soil contaminated with lead (800 ppm) was investigated. Weeds with lead tolerance were selected, as well as rhizobacteria that promote plant growth in vitro. Several bacterial consortia (BC) were applied on three weed species, and the weight of the aboveground biomass of the weeds, the phytotoxicity of the soil after phytoremediation, as well as the parameters of the phytoremediation of lead in the soil with lower phytotoxicity, were evaluated. As a result, 20% of the weeds analyzed were tolerant to lead with indices of 0.80 (Echinochloa colona (L.) Link), 0.76 (Cyperus corymbosus Rottb.), and 0.72 (Sorghum halepense). BC solubilized phosphates, produced indole acetic acid, and increased the fresh biomass of plants (4.14-14.32%). Furthermore, the lowest level of phytotoxicity in the soil was detected in the treatment of E. colona (L.) Link with Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp. (BC1), as well as a bioaccumulation factor of 0.1650 in the foliage, 1.0250 in the roots, and a translocation factor of 0.1611. Finally, 78.83% lead removal was determined in E. colona (L.) Link with rhizobacteria, compared to the 57.58% obtained with E. colona (L.) Link without rhizobacteria. The efficiency of the association of weeds and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with lead was demonstrated.
Porzellanfiguren als Spiegel politischer und gesellschaftlicher Umbrüche
Authors: Hasler Victoria
Published: June 2024

Diese Arbeit widmet sich der Frage, durch welche Motive und gestalterischen Mittel in einigen Porzellanfiguren des 18. Jahrhunderts die politischen und gesellschaftlichen Veränderungen anschaulich werden. In vier Fallstudien werden durch die Kontextualisierung der Porzellanfiguren in verschiedene Themenbereiche des gesellschaftlichen und kulturellen Lebens die sozialen Umwandlungsprozesse des 18. Jahrhunderts veranschaulicht.
Mechanochemical depolymerisation, chemical structure, and in vitro prebiotic potential of glucans derived from microcrystalline cellulose
Authors: Yang W.L. , Yu Y. , Sun Y.R. , Ge R.X. , Yin J.W. , Dong Y.B. , Yang Y.Y. , Xu Y.H. , Li Q. , Du W.M.
Published: June 2024

Conversion of economic microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) into high value-added prebiotic glucans, is not only stimulates utilisation of renewable lignocellulosic biomass, but also provides cheap prebiotics to reduce high incidence of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Herein, glucans (C0.25–C0.50–C1.00) from MCC were prepared by pre-impregnation with dilute sulphuric acid (0.25–0.50–1.00%) and ball-milling treatment for 1 h. NMR spectroscopy and gel-permeation chromatography of the glucan products showed a significant reduction in the degree of polymerisation (DP) and molecular weights (Mw). All prepared glucans improved gut stress evaluated by in vitro digestion and fermentation (young and aging mouse faecal inocula). C1.00 with lower DP and Mw showed better water solubility, earlier peak, and exhibited increased 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl activity, higher ratios of Lactobacillus to Escherichia coli, and a higher level of short chain fatty acids better than C0.25 and C0.50 treatment (P < 0.05). Better prebiotic effects were observed in aging mice than in young mice. The highest ratio of Lactobacillus to E. coli was a 2.13-fold increase for aging mice compared to a 1.79-fold increase for young mice, relative to the initial value after C1.00 treatment. The study provides a novel pathway and a new resource for producing glucan.
Brain alterations in individuals with exercise dependence: A multimodal neuroimaging investigation
Authors: Schaub Anna-Chiara , Meyer Maximilian , Tschopp Amos , Wagner Aline , Lang Undine E. , Walter Marc , Colledge Flora , Schmidt André
Published: June 2024

Background

Exercise dependence (ED) is characterised by behavioural and psychological symptoms that resemble those of substance use disorders. However, it remains inconclusive whether ED is accompanied by similar brain alterations as seen in substance use disorders. Therefore, we investigated brain alterations in individuals with ED and inactive control participants.

Methods

In this cross-sectional neuroimaging investigation, 29 individuals with ED as assessed with the Exercise Dependence Scale (EDS) and 28 inactive control participants (max one hour exercising per week) underwent structural and functional resting-state magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Group differences were explored using voxel-based morphometry and functional connectivity analyses. Analyses were restricted to the striatum, amygdala, and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). Exploratory analyses tested whether relationships between brain structure and function were differently related to EDS subscales among groups.

Results

No structural differences were found between the two groups. However, right IFG and bilateral putamen volumes were differently related to the EDS subscales “time” and “tolerance”, respectively, between the two groups. Resting-state functional connectivity was increased from right IFG to right superior parietal lobule in individuals with ED compared to inactive control participants. Furthermore, functional connectivity of the angular gyrus to the left IFG and bilateral caudate showed divergent relationships to the EDS subscale “tolerance” among groups.

Discussion

The findings suggest that ED may be accompanied by alterations in cognition-related brain structures, but also functional changes that may drive compulsive habitual behaviour. Further prospective studies are needed to disentangle beneficial and detrimental brain effects of ED.
Record of Northern Barracuda, Sphyraena ensis Jordan & Gilbert, 1882 (Perciformes, Sphyraenidae), from the extreme north of Chile during a non-ENSO (El Niño-Southern Oscillation) period
Authors: Méndez-Abarca Felipe , Pepe-Victoriano Renzo , Mundaca Enrique A.
Published: June 2024

A unique specimen of Northern Barracuda, Sphyraena ensis Jordan & Gilbert 1882, was accidentally captured off the coast of the city of Taltal in northern Chile. This ﬁnding not only extends the known range of the species in Chilean territory by 228 km to the south, but it also is not related to an ENSO event (El Niño Southern Oscillation), as in the past. We discuss the importance of ﬁnding this species at the northernmost end of Chile and of conducting additional sampling to conﬁrm S. ensis as a native Chilean species.
The New Civil Religion
Authors: Veldman Robin Globus
Published: June 2024

Social scientific studies find that religion plays a limited role in shaping Americans’ climate attitudes. I argue that a major type of religiosity has been missed: that which is expressed in conservative media. This religiosity is not associated with religious institutions but rather takes the form of civil religion. Because the US is now religiously polarized, today’s civil religion differs from what Bellah identified in 1967: rather than serving to unify the entire country, it serves to unify the political right, setting it against what is constructed as the secular left. I show how the religious discourse Rush Limbaugh employed on his radio broadcasts exemplifies this new civil religion, and further, that he used civil religious arguments to denigrate climate action. The new civil religiosity on the right, sometimes called Christian nationalism, reduces support for climate legislation by portraying a powerful federal government as a threat to religious liberty.
Att hantera tiggeri som samhällsfenomen i förskolan
Authors: Dolk Klara
Published: June 2024

Under det senaste decenniet har tusentals utsatta EU-medborgare kommit till Sverige. Många av dem försörjer sig genom tiggeri, vilket har lett till att gatubilden har förändrats och att många förskolebarn därmed möter fattigdom och social utsatthet i samhället. Genom att undersöka pedagogers erfarenheter av och tankar om att hantera tiggeri som samhällsfenomen tillsammans med barn, är syftet med artikeln att bidra till kunskap om hur ett känsligt och kontroversiellt ämne behandlas i förskolan. Med inspiration från poststrukturalistisk teori om utbildning och etik förstås inte etik som i första hand idéer eller principer, utan snarare som något som uppstår i mötet med den Andre. Det empiriska materialet består av fokusgrupper med pedagoger i förskolan. Analysen visar att de flesta har mött tiggeri med barngruppen, men inte tagit upp ämnet till diskussion utan snarare undvikit ämnet. Barn uppges sällan ställa frågor. En anledning till att ämnet inte tagits upp handlar om att det genererar pedagogiska och etiska svårigheter, varav de tre mest centrala handlar om en rädsla att förstärka ”vi” och ”dom”, att hantera asymmetriska maktrelationer samt att förhålla sig till upplevda krav på neutralitet. Ämnet tiggeri verkade upplevas som något som ligger lite utanför förskolans uppdrag samtidigt som intresset för att diskutera frågan var stort.
Injury Risk Estimation in Mandible-Related Surgical Procedures: A CBCT Study Based on Vital Interforaminal Anatomical Structures
Authors: Barbosa Daniel Almeida Ferreira , Kurita Lúcio Mitsuo , Silva Paulo Goberlânio de Barros , Vieira Alessandra Fragoso , Teixeira Renata Cordeiro , Menezes Pimenta Alynne Vieira de , Chaves Filipe Nobre , Neves Frederico Sampaio , Carvalho Francisco Samuel Rodrigues , Costa Fábio Wildson Gurgel
Published: June 2024

The mandibular interforaminal region has been considered safe for surgical procedures; nevertheless, the risk of injury to neurovascular structures, such as the mental foramen (MF) and its related structures (anterior loop [AL] and lingual foramina [LF]) should not be overlooked. The study aimed to evaluate the relative risk of injury to these structures during surgical procedures in the anterior region of the mandible based on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. A retrospective cross-sectional and observational study was performed on 250 CBCTs from adults (18–69 years) with dentate jaws. Linear measurements of the MF, AL, and LF were evaluated to estimate the risk of injury to these structures during chin-related surgical procedures. The most frequent distance between the base of the mandible (BM) and MF was 8 mm (30.2%). In addition, 20.4% of the CTs had 6 mm from the vestibular cortical bone to the LF. The commonly found measurement from LF to the apex of the nearest tooth was 7 mm (24.0%); 64.2% of the CTs showed a 2-mm distance between the most distal point of the dental implant site to the most anterior point of the AL. Safety distances for genioplasty techniques (MF to mandible base > 6 mm, 96.6% [CI 95%, 95.0%–98.2%]) were observed. Considering the 5-mm cut-off point between the lower limit of a hypothetical bone graft and the chin, 65.4% (CI 95%, 58.9%–71.9%) of CTs were within this distance. Regarding the safety margin of 8 mm, 85.6% (CI 95%, 80.8%–90.4%) were up to this value. This study found safety margins for genioplasty and chin bone grafting surgical techniques that adopt a 5-mm cut-off point. Further similar studies assessing other surgical methods and employing larger samples from different geographical origins may contribute to this field of investigation.
Dinin Geleceği
Authors: Er Nurhibe Büşra
Published: June 2024

Din ve dinin geleceği uzun yıllardır akademik ve yerel çevrelerce üzerinde tartışılan temel konuların başında gelmektedir. Bu minvalde tartışmanın bir cephesinde klasik sekülerleşme teorileri yer alırken diğer bir cephede dinin bireylerin ve toplumların zihin dünyalarında halen varlığını devam ettiren başat faktörlerden biri olduğu görüşü kabul görmektedir. Ancak son dönemde ortaya çıkan çalışmalar bu iki temel iddianın bambaşka boyutlarını gözler önüne sermektedir.
Birçok farklı coğrafyada yeni dini hareketler ve mensuplarını, spiritüel akımları ve ritüelleri yerinde gözlemleyen Ali Köse, 21. Yüzyıl din olgusunu Batı ülkeleri ekseninde incelediği Dinin Geleceği isimli esere hayat vermiştir. Yazara göre artık dünyada ateizm, agnostisizm ya da deizmden daha tehlikeli bir boyut var ise bu da dine ve Tanrı’ya karşı umursamazlık içinde düşünceler geliştiren yeni neslin anlayışı konusudur. Bu noktada kritik ettiğimiz bu eser, Batıda meydana gelen yeni akımları ve düşünceleri alan araştırmaları ve anket verileri ile okuyucuya aktaran nadir çalışmalardan biridir.
HORIZONTAL SINUSOIDAL WAVY FORM PLATE-FIN HEAT SINKS FOR NATURAL CONVECTION HEAT DISSIPATION
Authors: Gavgali Muhammed Musab , Altun Aziz Hakan , Canli Eyub
Published: June 2024

The plate-fin heat sink geometry was modified to have the fin form sinusoidal wave shape in the horizontal direction with twelve variations by amplitude and period changes. Three different wave periods and four different wave amplitudes were used. The purpose was to alter natural convection motion in favor of heat transfer effectiveness. The main performance indicator was the base-plate average temperature. The independent geometric parameters were experimentally examined in terms of the effectiveness of natural convection heat transfer by the measured average temperature values. Heat transfer by radiation was calculated by an analytical algebraic approach in order to obtain the Nusselt number solely based on convective heat transfer. Eight different heat inputs were used for each tested geometry to change the Grashof and Rayleigh numbers in a laminar flow interval. As reference geometries, a flat plate and a heat sink with straight/flat-plate fins were utilized. The heat sinks were also oriented to three different angles by a test stand. Accordingly, thirty six unique experimental cases were examined as a result of 327 trials and 1100 hours of testing. It was realized that the wavy fin geometry enhances natural convection heat transfer compared to the base-plate and flat-plate-fin heat sinks. However, increasing period and amplitude of the wave form more than initial values deteriorated the gains by the modifications on the fins. Since a single-period, 2-mm-amplitude heat sink resulted in the highest Nusselt number for all orientations, an optimum may be sought about this setting. As a general evaluation, computational simulations for spatial resolution of the event physics and dimensional optimization are standing as future study targets.
BUBBLE DEFECTS AND CONTROL OF THERMAL CURING OF WATERBORNE RESIN COATINGS
Authors: Zhai Y. , Zhu X. , Chen H. , Teng G. , Feng Z. , Qian P. , Wang J.
Published: June 2024

To solve the problem of bubble retention leading to a decrease in the performance of waterborne resin coatings during thermal curing, a rapid thermal curing coating based on an aqueous epoxy-modified acrylic resin containing an amino resin cross linker was synthesized through solution copolymerization. Using a synchronous thermal analyzer, the mass loss and heat flow during the thermal curing
process of the coating was measured. In addition, an in situ thermal curing visualization system was used to observe the curing behavior at the easy-open end notches under different heating rates. The results indicated that the curing process is divided into an initial rapid heating stage and a subsequent slower heating stage by the boiling point of water, with a critical temperature range of 126-150°C. The visualization experiments showed that when the temperature reached 100°C, the water quickly evaporated to form bubbles. Increasing the heating rate before this temperature caused the bubbles to rapidly
escape. Therefore, an optimal heating profile with a rapid initial heating rate of 3.13°C/s, followed by
a slower heating rate of 0.52°C/s in the next stage, is proposed. This discovery is of great significance
for optimizing the thermal curing process of waterborne coatings on metal substrates, including those
used for easy-open ends.
The Impact of Intertextuality in Movies on Language Learning
Authors: Im Mijin
Published: June 2024

This paper examines the effectiveness of using intertextuality in second language learning through movies. Two types of materials were prepared: first, the American animated movie Shrek 2 (Adamson et al., 2004) was the primary material, and second, idioms from YouTube shorts were used as points of comparison for regular expressions found in Shrek 2. This case study involved five college students majoring in non-English subjects. Among them, one was at an intermediate level in English and four were at a low-intermediate level. After three months of participation, students underwent five tests: three language tests and two open-ended-question tests. The first three assessed recognition, salience, and memory. The results of the recognition and salience tests indicated that participants achieved perfect scores in regular expressions, thanks to intertextuality. The results of the memory test showed that idioms were remembered significantly better than regular expressions. However, this test suggested that intertextuality played a larger role in semantic contexts than in syntactic ones. In the first open-ended-question test, the participants successfully described both an original character and a new character in Shrek 2. The final question revealed that most participants appreciated two aspects of intertextuality: creative work and long-term memory gains.
EFL Learners’ English Writing Feedback and Their Perception of Using ChatGPT
Authors: Mun Chae-young
Published: June 2024

This study aims to investigate the utilization of AI-assisted feedback by EFL college learners in their English writing. Specifically, the research sought to explore how writing assisted by ChatGPT improves students’ writing skills in comparison to peer feedback. Additionally, the study aimed to understand the learners’ perceptions regarding the use of ChatGPT in editing English writing. Participants were tasked with submitting their presentation scripts before their speaking exams. They received an instructional session on how to use the tool effectively and were told useful prompts for using ChatGPT. The collected writings were analyzed holistically by two experienced EFL instructors, and analytically by using Grammarly (2022), a free online grammar and spelling checker, to identify characteristics. The analysis revealed that there was a significant difference in holistic scores including content and organization. The experimental group who used the AI tool had significantly reduced grammatical and lexical errors. However, no significant difference between the groups was found in the word counts and use of vocabulary types. Additionally, reflections from participants indicates a positive attitude toward the use of AI-assisted feedback in English writing but there were some concerns about reliability and over-reliance. The study suggests pedagogical implications for the effective integration of AI-assistance in English writing based on these findings.
Teaching Phrasal Verbs and Idiomatic Expressions Through Multimodal Flashcards
Authors: Spring Ryan , Takeda Jessica
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the effectiveness of various practice modes in learning multiword units, specifically phrasal verbs and idiomatic expressions, through a multimodal online flashcard delivery system that allows students to read, write, listen to, and speak the target multiword vocabulary items. The study, based on data from 229 first-year Japanese EFL university students, investigates how various practice modes in reading, writing, speaking, and listening impact short-term memorization and long-term comprehension of multiword units. The analysis involved multiple regression using random forests to ascertain significance, alongside dominance analysis with relative weights for determining relative importance. Results indicate that while productive practice modes (writing and speaking) are crucial for short-term memorization, register-specific practice modes (speaking and listening) play a significant role in long-term acquisition. This study highlights the importance of integrating multimodal flashcard practice with practical use activities in the classroom to enhance vocabulary learning outcomes. Finally, the results of this study suggest that encouraging students to interact with their target language through multiple modes is meaningful for greater acquisition of multiword vocabulary. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of effective strategies for EFL learners in acquiring multiword vocabulary units and underscores the importance of multimodal approaches in language education.
Mathematics as a basis for the generation of cryptographic tools
Authors:   Universidad de Cundinamarca, León Murcia Guillermo , Casas Méndez Yeny Liliana ,   Universidad de Cundinamarca, Cortés López Segundo Leonardo ,   Universidad de Cundinamarca, Cano López Cristian Eduardo
Published: June 2024

This article is the product of the research “Mathematics as a basis for the generation of cryptographic tools”, developed at the Universidad de Cundinamarca, sectional Ubaté in the year 2021. Problem: Improve the security of code with differential calculus, plane and spatial geometry, polar coordinates, and functions; the resulting encryption should improve on the standards of current encryption systems. Objective: Explain the algorithm’s operation with fundamental issues that use and generate a modification proposal to make the algorithm more robust when subjected to an attack by unethical hackers. Methodology: A bibliographic review, encryption codes, history of algorithms, and operation of SHA-256 in the Ethereum platform and Bitcoin explains how it works and gives an idea of how to improve security. Result: The algorithm’s operation is explained step by step using subject topics such as precalculus and calculus. Also, topics such as functions, truth tables, logical operators, programming functions, and a way to complicate the algorithm were proposed by applying issues of plane geometry, space, polar coordinates, ceiling function, and absolute values. Conclusion: It is possible to assimilate the operation of SHA-256 (256-bit secure hash algorithm) and the mathematical basis for generating codes in hexadecimal, depending on the message to be encrypted. Algebraic models allow taking different points of the figures generated in the Cartesian and polar planes to use them as a means of encryption. Originality: Explaining an algorithm widely used in encryption issues; however, according to a survey conducted, only a few understood the code that explains the mathematics, all the aspects behind its operation, and why it is so secure. In addition, the project proposes a way to improve its security. Limitations: The algorithm used was a hyperbolic and linear function combined. In this sense, common random points between the two functions are selected for encryption, and it is not aligned with the encryption systems used in blockchains; it is a restriction for the implementation. Currently, several updates are aligned with the SHA-256 system, involving limiting the inclusion of updated models.
Tim Renkow’s Jerk: Cringe Comedy, Disability and Political Correctness
Authors: Sullivan Emma
Published: June 2024

This paper examines how the British BBC 3 sitcom Jerk (2019–2023) challenges contemporary liberal orthodoxy, mobilising the comic license of its disabled protagonist to interrogate the social prescriptions that breed both hypocrisy and opportunism.
Jerk examines the ways in which the codified structures of ‘correct politics’ can ultimately work against progressive aims: the ‘politics of injury’ defining minority groups by their trauma alone, and identity politics devolving into tribal thinking and niche marketing. Jerk’s plotlines examine howsupposedly reformist positions can reinforce stereotypes, expressive conventions learned by rote can obviate more complex examination of moral questions, and belief in liberal virtue can result in complacency and imperviousness. Jerk’s ‘cringe comedy’ thereby disrupts the piety around liberalpositions, reinforcing the right to challenge and critique.
Balancing Cyber-security and Privacy: Legal and Ethical Considerations in the Digital Age
Authors: Allahrakha Naeem
Published: June 2024

In today’s digital world the need to maintain cyber-security and protect sensitive information is more important than ever. However, this must be balanced against the right to privacy, which is also a fundamental human right. This article provides an overview of the legal and ethical considerations involved in balancing cyber-security and privacy in the digital age. It explores the challenges of implementing effective cyber-security measures while respecting privacy rights, and discusses the current legal framework for cyber-security and privacy in various jurisdictions. The article also considers the ethical implications of balancing these two important values and suggests ways in which cyber-security and privacy concerns can be reconciled in a general context. By highlighting the importance of a careful balance between cyber-security and privacy, this article aims to raise awareness of the need for ethical and legal considerations in the development of digital technologies and their regulation.
Status of Human Embryo in vitro as Ethical and Legal Issue: Religious Roots of Diverging Approaches
Authors: Lapaeva Valentina
Published: June 2024

The paper is focused on the ontological status of the human embryo in vitro, a question that determines its ethical and legal status that is in turn of exceptional importance for ethical and legal regulation of manipulations with the embryo in the course of academic research as well as in clinical practice of assisted reproductive technologies. The author discusses different approaches (Roman Catholic, Protestant, Greek Orthodox, etc.) to the issue of embryo status that have emerged in different parts of the world in the course of history from the perspective of religious anthropology. It is argued thesis that the idea of God-likeness of human person in the Christian culture giving a powerful impetus to the scholar and technological change originally contained profound ideological premises capable of inhibiting the most dangerous intrusions into the nature of human nature created after the likeness of God. One such premise is the idea that the human embryo is attributed with a soul from the moment of its conception. Those countries, whose cultural matrix does not provide for such moral, religious constraints, have a competitive advantage in the globalized research and technological context that in a sense concerns the human civilization as such. This circumstance has become a contributing factor in the emerging change in the international ethical and legal regulation setting the limits to genetic research of the embryonic development of human person. The main vector of the change has been determined by liberalization of former constraints date back to the dogmatic Christian view of the world. Moreover, the latest innovations in this area demonstrate an intention of the medical and biological academic community to share the responsibility for the development of regulatory policies concerning human embryo research with specialists of other branches of sciences and with public at large.
Key Issues in the Intellectual Property Court Presidium Rulings
Authors: Kolzdorf Maria , Kapyrina Natalya
Published: June 2024

The comment reviews key positions in the rulings of the Presidium of the Russian Intellectual Property Court (IPC) issued between July and September 2022. The Chamber hears cassation appeals against the decisions of the IPC first instance and deals primarily, but not only, with matters of registration and validity of industrial property rights. Therefore, the review predominantly covers substantive requirements for patent and trademark protection, as well as procedural issues both in the administrative adjudicating mechanism at the Patent office (Rospatent) and at the IPC itself. The current review encompasses a variety of topics related to trademark Law, patent law and various procedural matters.
Fluorescent analysis of fish larvae of Engraulis encrasicholus ponticus L.
Authors: Victoria V Roshchina , Tatyana N Petrova , Vladimir I Maltsev
Published: June 2024

The fluorescence after histochemical reactions for biogenic amines of the fish larva of European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicholus ponticus L.) from the Black Sea has been analysed as possible methodical testing of the stage of development and vitality. The purpose of the study is to use their testing in ecological monitoring resources of the sea reservation and fishery. The histochemical staining for dopamine, histamine, and serotonin permitted us to estimate the state of the single larva based on their fluorescence. Observers may see the internal structure of the larva cell tissues under the excitation of ultraviolet, violet, and green light. This approach should be recommended for practice in the industrial fishery. as possible testing of this stage of development and state in the ichthyoplankton system.
Individual differences and non-English-majors’ engagement in business English language classrooms in the Chinese university context
Authors: Xie Qing
Published: June 2024

This study reports an investigative study of individual differences in personality, motivation, challenges, learning styles and strategies, needs and 55 non-English-majors’ engagement in business English language classrooms in a Chinese university, using two-stage surveys. The study finds positive affective factors in personality and motivation, though participants experienced challenges in learning business English vocabulary and improving English skills. Participants used different learning strategies and styles, and required varied helpful strategies for enhancing business English teaching and learning. Participants had high levels of cognitive engagement, behavioral engagement, emotional engagement, enjoyment, focus, and task familiarity in business English learning. Though participants still encountered problems, they reported learning gains in business English vocabulary expansion, improvement in business writing, workplace communication, business knowledge and culture, business reading, problem solving, listening, interest in English and critical thinking skills. This study is providing empirical evidence of individual differences with China’s non-English-major learners in business English learning and how the individual differences relate with engagement and learning outcomes. The study also implies for practice that business English teachers should adapt their teaching approach and strategies to accommodate to individual differences.
Immunoprecipitation v1
Authors: Roczniak-Ferguson Agnes
Published: June 2024

This protocol details the immunoprecipitation of Hela cells.
A new DNA / RNA isolation protocol from a single tick for molecular analysis of various pathogens such as Borrelia, Babesia, Anaplasma, TBE, Alongshan virus etc. v1
Authors: Bhatia Sudhir , Baersch Gudrun
Published: June 2024

We describe here a rare protocol for the isolation of nucleic acid from a single tick sample: Ticks carry a variety of deadly pathogens, e.g. Borrelia, Babesia, Anaplasma, Alongshan virus and tick-borne encephalitis virus. It is therefore crucial to detect the presence of these pathogens. Such detection is possible using molecular analysis methods such as conventional and real-time PCR. It is also important to pick up the tick that has bitten someone instead of throwing it away. This tick can be examined in the laboratory for the presence of pathogens, making it easier to diagnose and provide appropriate treatment. There is no strategy for shipping the tick or temperature information in the literature. Many studies describe cumbersome methods such as storage and shipping in liquid nitrogen. In this protocol, we demonstrate how easy it is to transport a tick at outside temperature from one location to another using a postal letter or courier parcel. Pooled samples of 8-10 are used in most studies. In contrast, we use an inexpensive and simple method to isolate nucleic acid from a single tick sample. We successfully crushed the tick in buffer using a mortar and pestle from the grocery store. The nucleic acid can be extracted from this. To our amazement, in many cases we obtained up to 800 ng/ul of nucleic acid per tick as measured with spectrometer, and we have performed many pathogen specific tests with this extracted nucleic acid over the past 15 years for more than 250 tick samples. Our approach, based on individual tick samples, will provide new opportunities for research laboratories around the world to determine the exact presence of pathogens. It is also highly recommended to show learners the latest applications in medicine and biotechnology. Read the publications provided in this protocol too.
Protocol for the growth and maintenance of mammalian cell lines v1
Authors: Roczniak-Ferguson Agnes
Published: June 2024

This protocol details about the growth and maintenance of mammalian cell lines.
Вопросы становления и развития частного сектора высшего образования в России, странах СНГ и Балтии
Authors: Степанов В.И.
Published: June 2024

В монографии рассматриваются такие важные вопросы, относящиеся к характеристике частного сектора системы образования в России, странах СНГ и Балтии, как общая характеристика и тенденции, концептуальные основы и программа его развития. Анализируется законодательное обеспечение частного сектора образования в России. Большое внимание уделяется проблеме формирования частного высшего образовательного учреждения, специфическим особенностям учебного процесса. Проведен сравнительный анализ ценностных ориентаций и мотивов студентов в частных и государственных высших образовательных учреждениях; выявлены организационно-педагогические условия развития творческого потенциала личности студентов, раскрыты особенности управления персоналом в частных вузах. Монография адресована всем, кто интересуется вопросами становления и развития частного сектора высшего образования в России, странах СНГ и Балтии.