bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIGITAL MARKETING PADA LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN: PEMAHAMAN, PENERAPAN DAN EFEKTIFITAS
Authors: Hakim Lukmanul , Nanda Indra , Bahtiar Yuyun , Jasiah
Published: September 2021

Pemasaran Digital (Digital marketing) adalah suatu strategi pemasaran menggunakan media digital dan internet. Konsep pemasaran ini menjadi alternatif bagi pemasar untuk memasarkan produk atau jasa, termasuk institusi pendidikan dalam memasarkan jasa pendidikan. Penelitian ini ingin menggali bagaimana institusi pendidikan memahami konsep, penerapan dan efektifitas pemasaran jasa pendidikan menggunakan pemasaran digital (digital marketing). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian survey sedangkan pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskritptif kuantitatif. Instrumen dalam pengambilan data menggunakan kuisioner/angket tertutup yang dibagikan langsung kepada responden. Selanjutnya, data dalam penlitian ini dianalisis dengan teknik analisis data deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa; Sebanyak 95% responden menyatakan ya, telah memahami konsep pemasaran digital, sedangkan sisanya sebanyak 5% menyatakan tidak memahami. Pada tahap pelaksanaan, 95% responden yang menyatakan bahwa guru dan siswa ikut terlibat dan berkolaborasi dalam usaha mempromosikan sekolah. Namun sebanyak 5% responden menyatakan tidak turut aktif. Mengenai persepsi efektifitas, 50% responden menyatakan sangat setuju, 45% responden manyatakan setuju, dan 5% menyatakan cukup setuju bahwa pemasaran digital efektif sebagai alternatif sekolah dalam memasarkan jasa pendidikan pada masa pandemi covid 19.
SIFAT-SIFAT RASULULLAH SAW SEBAGAI DASAR PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Rahayu Akis Indriana
Published: September 2021

Pendidikan karakter dilakukan dalam rangka mencapai tujuan pendidikan nasional Indonesia yaitu untuk berkembangnya potensi peserta didik agar menjadi manusia yang beriman dan bertakwa kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, berakhlak mulia, sehat, berilmu, cakap, kreatif, mandiri, dan menjadi warganegara yang demokratis serta bertanggung jawab. Pendidikan karakter di Indonesia bertujuan untuk membentuk generasi yang jujur, cerdas, tangguh dan peduli (jurdastangli). Sedangkan dalam agama Islam, Nabi Muhammad SAW sebagai Rasulullah adalah panutan terbaik memiliki sifatAmanah, Fathonah, Shidiq dan Tablig. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan keselarasan antara sifat-sifat rasul yang bisa dijadikan dasar pendidikan karakter di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkanadanya keselarasan antara sifat rasul dengan tema pendidikan karakter di Indonesia. Sifat amanah sebagai dasar karakter jujur hasil dari proses olah hati, sifat fathonah sebagai dasar karakter cerdas hasil dari proses olah pikir, sifat shidiq sebagai dasar karakter tangguh hasil dari proses olah raga, serta sifattablig sebagai dasar karakter peduli sebagai hasil proses olah rasa dan karsa.
SEJAHTERAKAH PETANI SUMATERA BARAT?
Authors: Arrazy Masruqi
Published: September 2021

Covid-19 menimbulkan ketidakstabilan ekonomi secara global. Perekonomian Sumatera Barat juga mengalami masalah akibat Covid-19. Namun sektor pertanian tetap mengalami pertumbuhan di Sumatera Barat. Hal ini dikarenakan kebutuhan manusia dasar dipenuhi pada sektor ini. Sumatera Barat merupakan provinsi yang bergantung pada sektor pertanian karena sepertiga penduduk yang bekerja di Sumatera Barat bekerja pada sektor ini sehingga perlu melihat kesejahteraan Petani di Sumatera Barat pada masa pandemi Covid-19 ini. Salah satu cara melihat kesejahteraan petani ini dengan menganalisis secara deskriptif dengan indikator proxy (pendekatan) yaitu Nilai Tukar Petani (NTP). Nilai NTP secara umum di Sumatera Barat nilainya di atas 100 sehingga bisa disimpulkan kesejahteraan petani terjamin di masa pandemi ini. Namun jika melihat per subsektor pada NTP maka bisa disimpulkan hanya subsektor Perkebunan Rakyat dan Peternakan yang diatas 100. Sedangkan subsektor perikanan, tanaman pangan dan perikanan di bawah 100. Hal ini menyebabkan perlunya diberikan perhatian lebih pada tiga subsektor tersebut supaya pekerja pada subsektor tersebut terjamin kesejahteraannya
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN SILASE LIMBAH IKAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PANJANG TULANG FEMUR, TIBIA DAN METATARSUS, PADA BEBEK PEDAGING
Authors: Sulistiyoningsih Mei , Rakhmawati Reni
Published: September 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keefektifan pemberian silase limbah ikan dalam ransum terhadap panjang tulang tungkai, khususnya pada tulang femur, tibia dan metatarsus pada bebek pedaging. Subjek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 100 ekor DOD (Day Old Duck). Rancangan yang di gunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Materi penelitian terdiri dari 3 perlakuan dengan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini adalah P0 (Ransum komersial)/Kontrol,  P1(Ransum komersial + 5% silase limbah ikan), dan  P2 (Ransum komersial + 10% silase limbah ikan). Variable penelitian yang di ukur adalah tulang femur, tibia dan metatarsus pada bebek dengan menggunakan jangka sorong. Variabel kendalinya adalah manajemen kesehatan, jenis bebek, umur bebek, dan perkandangan. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan sidik ragam (ANOVA) dengan taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada pengaruh nyata (P > 0,05) terhadap panjang tulang femur, tibia dan metatarsus pada bebek pedaging.
Evaluasi Sistem Penjualan Tiket Pesawat Dan Kapal Laut Pada Wewe Travel Malang (Maks. 16 Kata)
Authors: Usatnoby Glaudiana M
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  evaluasi sistem penjualan yang diterapkan pada Wewe travel. Penelitian ini juga diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan bagi manajemen perusahaan travel agar bisa membuat evaluasi sistem penjualan yang benar. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti akan membandingkan sistem penjualan yang sedang berjalan dan dan sistem yang diusulkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa evaluasi sistem penjualan yang sudah diterapkan memang belum sesuai dengan prosedur yang ada sehingga harus ada suslan sistem. Dengan adanya usulan sistem maka evaluasi sistem penjualan bisa berjalan dengan baik dan juga lebih efektif dan efisien.
Modelling using dimensional analysis and optimization with grey-taguchi based fuzzy approach in s-eddg of skd-11 steel
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, AITR, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India., Modi Manoj , G Agarwal ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, MNIT, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India., Chaugaonkar Swati D ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, SGSITS, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Published: September 2021

The SKD-11 steel was machined by the hybrid surface-electro discharge diamond grinding (S-EDDG) machining process with an aim to determine the optimum setting of process parameters for multi-output optimization and thereafter developed the mathematical-models of material-removal-rate (MRR), and surface-roughness (Ra) through the Dimensional Analysis method. In this research work, Grey-Taguchi based Fuzzy method is utilized for multi-output optimization of process parameters. The various process-variables selected in this research work are current, voltage, wheel speed, pulse-on-time, duty-cycle, and nozzle flushing aid. Total 18 experiments have been conducted on S-EDDG set-up according to Taguchi’s L18 orthogonal array. The response table and Analysis of Variance investigation are used to determine the optimum setting of process control-parameters and further help to determine the impact of these control-factors on the multi-output performance index (MPI). In this research work, the Dimensional Analysis method is utilized for the development of mathematical models of MRR, and Ra. The experimental results and predicted estimation of values from the developed models were compared and showed satisfactory matching between them. The optimum combination of process variables suggested by the hybrid optimization method was validated through confirmation experiment whose result depicts that aimed MPI is significantly improved by 0.435. The suggested optimum setting of process variables helps the production engineer to set-up the economical-cum-efficient process.
Drag model validation of slurry pipeline using CFD
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram 122413, India, Parkash Om , Kumar Arvind ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, YMCA UST, Faridabad 121006, India, Sikarwar Basant Singh ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amity University Uttar Pradesh 201301, India
Published: September 2021

A number of drag models have been suggested for the interaction of fluid particles in slurry flow over the previous centuries. It is necessary to examine the correctness and applicability of these models in the slurry transportation. Based on this concept, a comparative analysis of the different drag models is performed for the 0.0549 m diameter slurry pipeline. The research is carried out by using three drag models: Syamlal-obrien, Schiller-naumann and Gidaspow due to their accessibility in the Fluent commercial software. The simulation is performed at mean flow velocity range, Vm= 2–5 ms-1 and solid concentration range, Cvf = 10– 20% (by volume) using computational drag models. The simulated outcomes for solid particle size 440 μm having density 2470 kg/m3 are recorded using Eulerian two-phase model with selected drag models in the computational domain. It has been found that the Eulerian two-phase model with Syamlal O’brien drag model gives the accurate and meticulous results with the published data in the literature. Finally, the simulated outcomes of solid concentration contours, solid concentration profiles and pressure drop are predicted at distinct velocity and solid concentration range for chosen drag models.
A Hybrid Digital Image Watermarking Scheme Incorporating DWT, DFT, DCT and SVD Transformations
Authors:   Karpagam College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India., Varghese Justin , Razak T Abdul ,   Jamal Mohammed College, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, India., Hussain Omer Bin ,   College of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia., Subash Saudia ,   Centre for Information Technology & Engineering, Manonmaniam Sundaranar  University, India.
Published: September 2021

Digital watermarking provides copyright protection and proof of ownership by inserting watermark metadata as owner’s identity in digital documents to prevent authenticity and copyright violations. The paper introduces a new hybrid image watermarking scheme by attaching multiple copies of watermarks in carrier image. The new scheme utilizes the advantages of DWT, DFT, DCT and SVD transformations to offer stable resistance in protecting watermark contents from various external attacks. The proposed scheme uses Haar wavelet, Fourier, Onion Peel Decomposition, DCT, zigzag ordering and SVD transforms to decompose the carrier image in to four levels to maintain imperceptibility in the watermarked images. The algorithm attaches replicas of watermark frequency blocks in all frequency components of host image to provide better robustness against external deprivations in watermarked images. The proposed algorithm also provides the increased probability of extracting at least one undamaged replica of watermark even when other frequencies are damaged by external attacks. The improved experimental results of the proposed scheme in terms of visual analysis and quantitative metrics on different images with different experimental set up demarcate that the proposed watermarking scheme provides stable performance in generating better watermarked images. It is experimentally found that the new scheme produces high quality watermarked images with an average of 7.62% lesser Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and increased Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Mean Structural Similarity Index Measure (MSSIM) and Feature Similarity Index Measure (FSIM) of 5.02 %, 4.37 %, and 2.37 % respectively than the next best algorithms when simulated with 20 sets of watermark and cover images. The watermark images extracted by the proposed algorithm from extremely distorted watermarked images are with better visual and objective values than other methods used in the comparative study. Simulation analysis on 20 sets of watermark and cover images with 30 types of potential attacks reveals that the extracted watermark images through the proposed scheme produces an average of 5.62%, 6.37%, 5.75% improved Pearson Correlation Coefficients (PCC), Number of Changing Pixel Rate (NPCR) and the Unified Averaged Changed Intensity (UACI) values respectively than the next best algorithms used in the comparative study.
Розвиток експортного потенціалу підприємств за умов глобалізації: фактори та пріоритети
Authors: Yurchenko O. , Kushnir O.
Published: September 2021

В статті розглядаються проблемні питання формування і розвитку експортного потенціалу національних підприємств в умовах  економічних криз глобального характеру. Враховується досвід формування експортного потенціалу з огляду на досвід порушення функціонування світових галузевих ринків, що спричинені протиепідемічними заходами та локдауном. Відзначається, що експорт відіграє особливу роль в оздоровленні економіки країни, особливо в умовах спаду внутрішнього виробництва. Адже кошти, що надходять від експортної діяльності, спрямовуються на погашення заборгованості, модернізацію, розв’язання  соціально-економічних проблем. Розвиток експортного потенціалу розглядається як інтегральна діяльність підприємств. Відзначається важливість застосування різноманітних інструментів менеджменту для формування експортного потенціалу підприємства, а також необхідність визначати його пріоритети, зокрема модифікація складу функцій, оптимізація часу стійкості і нестійкості структури, підвищення рівня керованості, оптимізація шляхів реалізації з метою підвищення ефективності. Також приділено увагу формуванню та управлінню експортним потенціалом під час кризи. Адже вплив процесів глобалізації на розвиток експортного потенціалу має багатовимірний характер. Йдеться як про позитивні, так і негативні сторони інтеграції підприємств до світового господарства в контексті зовнішньої торгівлі, у тому числі експортних можливостей. Зокрема, йдеться про наслідки світової кризи, що пов’язана з обмеженнями для економічної активності підприємств, в умовах пандемії вірусу COVID-19. Таким чином, розглянувши поняття експортного потенціалу підприємства, шляхів його використання і підвищення та конкурентної стратегії країни, необхідно зазначити, що ці поняття нерозривно пов’язані між собою, а точніше, експортний потенціал кожного підприємства країни є однією з важливих складових, що дає їй змогу посідати гідне місце на міжнародній арені.
A Consecutive Lehmer Code for Parabolic Quotients of the Symmetric Group
Authors: Fang Wenjie , Mühle Henri , Novelli Jean-Christophe
Published: September 2021

In this article we define an encoding for parabolic permutations that distinguishes between parabolic $231$-avoiding permutations. We prove that the componentwise order on these codes realizes the parabolic Tamari lattice, and conclude a direct and simple proof that the parabolic Tamari lattice is isomorphic to a certain $\nu$-Tamari lattice, with an explicit bijection. Furthermore, we prove that this bijection is closely related to the map $\Theta$ used when the lattice isomorphism was first proved in (Ceballos, Fang and Mühle, 2020), settling an open problem therein.
The Determinants of Household Spending on Alcohol and Tobacco in Tanzania
Authors: Mwaisakila Stephen Richard , Adrison Vid
Published: September 2021

The increasing effects caused by alcohol and tobacco calls for necessary interventions. This is not only in developed countries, but also in developing countries which seems to be affected more by this problem. Studies show that 80% of smokers worldwide are living in developing countries where tobacco related diseases have become major factors contributing toward high morbidity. Moreover, excessive alcohol consumption has been among global public health problems, where it accounts for about 6% of mortality and 5% of disability in the world. In addition, the prevalence of Alcohol Use Disorders (AUD) was reported at 4% globally while in Africa it was 3%. Tanzania being the developing country and located in Africa is also at risk to be affected more if the necessary measures to control this unhealthy behaviour are not taken. However, due to limited information about the structure and behaviour of people in spending and consumption of these addictive products in Tanzania, it will be difficult to prepare relevant measures to curb those problems. Therefore, by using Tobit regression model, this study examined the influence of socioeconomic characteristics on alcohol and tobacco spending. This study found factors such income, culture, and change in preference over time to have a significant relationship with spending on alcohol and tobacco. This study creates a base for alcohol and tobacco spending behaviour in Tanzania. After determining spending behaviour, further studies need to be conducted to examine consumption behaviour and its effects to prepare relevant measures to control the risks of alcohol and tobacco in Tanzania.
Percepção dos alunos do Colégio Militar de Brasília sobre a inserção de novos conteúdos de Lutas na Educação Física Escolar: um estudo exploratório
Authors: ANDRADE NETO JOAO BATISTA DE , Moreira Pereira Gabriel
Published: September 2021

Introdução: A inclusão de novos conteúdos de Lutas na educação física escolar é uma crescente demanda do Colégio Militar de Brasília (CMB)e a diversificação desses conteúdos pode potencialmente incentivar o trato pedagógico de forma holística, contemplando integralmente a abordagem do “Ensino por Competências”.
Objetivo: Realizar um levantamento exploratório acerca da percepção dos alunos do CMB sobre a inserção de novos conteúdos de Lutas na Educação Física Escolar.
Métodos: Este estudo foi do tipo descritivo quantitativo exploratório, em amostragem do tipo censo, com a participação de 1.021 alunos voluntários, de ambos os sexos, idade entre 10 e 18 anos, com aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado, por meio do Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem, no período de julho a dezembro de 2020.
Resultados: As Lutas são as atividades físicas preferidas dos alunos do CMB, quando comparadas as outras atividades físicas elencadas. As modalidades com maior interesse foram: o Krav Maga 30% e Karatê 20%. Os principais objetivos apontados foram: defesa pessoal, promoção da saúde e a participação em competições.
Conclusão: A maioria dos alunos do CMB já participa de escolinhas de Lutas no ambiente externo (espaço não formal de ensino). Contudo, desejam praticar essas modalidades, se ofertadas, no ambiente escolar (espaço formal de ensino). Houve uma maior indicação para a prática das modalidades de Krav Maga, Karatê e Taekwondô. Os interesses evidenciados foram a defesa pessoal, prática de atividade física e a participação em competições. As quais, se oportunizadas irão contemplar integralmente a metodologia do Ensino por Competências.
A importância do Programa de Atletas de Alto Rendimento (PAAR) das Forças Armadas para o desempenho de atletas brasileiros: um estudo transversal
Authors: De Almeida Marcelo , Oliveira Leonardo Perdigão de , Rego Ricardo Costa de Almeida
Published: September 2021

Introdução: O Ministério da Defesa (MD) criou, em 2008, o Programa de Incorporação de Atletas de Alto Rendimento (PAAR), com o objetivo de fortalecer a equipe militar brasileira em eventos esportivos de alto nível e contribuir para o desenvolvimento do desporto nacional.
Objetivo: Avaliar o nível de satisfação dos atletas de alto rendimento das Forças Armadas com a qualidade da estrutura oferecida pelo PAAR, bem como conhecer se esses desportistas consideram o Programa importante para a melhoria do desempenho.
Métodos: Estudo de metodologia quantitativa e corte transversal, realizado no censo dos atletas integrantes do PAAR. Elaborou-se um questionário, autopreenchível, em plataforma on-line, composto por questões que visaram determinar o nível de satisfação dos atletas com a estrutura oferecida.
Resultados: Observou-se que 96,46% dos participantes concordaram que o PAAR é ou foi importante para a melhoria de seu desempenho esportivo. Quanto às instalações desportivas, 63,3% classificaram os centros de treinamento como muito bons e 19,2% como bons, somando 82,2%. Sobre o nível de satisfação dos atletas com o programa, cerca de 96,46% dos participantes da pesquisa estão satisfeitos ou muito satisfeitos com o programa. Oportunidades de melhoria foram apontados pelos participantes.
Conclusão: A satisfação dos atletas do PAAR com o Programa é muito alta. Considerando-se que proporciona grande suporte financeiro, instalações desportivas adequadas e apoio de saúde de qualidade. Os resultados apontaram que os seus integrantes consideram categoricamente o Programa como eficaz para possibilitar melhores condições de treinamento, o que reflete positivamente sobre o desempenho e, consequentemente, nos resultados esportivos.
Priešvėžinės vakcinos: praeitis, dabartis ir ateitis
Authors: Staikūnienė Jūratė
Published: September 2021

Navikai išvengia imuninės sistemos priežiūros dėl susidariusios imunosupresinės mikroaplinkos. Vėžio ląstelės išnaudoja imuninės kontrolės taškus ir palengvina savų ląstelių augimą bei dauginimąsi. Naujos įvairių lokalizacijų vėžio imu­noterapijos strategijos, naudojant imuninės kontrolės inhibitorius prieš programuotos ląstelių žūties baltymą PD-1, jo ligandą PD-L1, su citotoksiniu T limfocitu susijusį antigeną 4 (CTLA-4 ) arba chimerinius T limfocitų receptorius (CAR-T), žymiai pagerino vėžio gydymo rezultatus. Deja, daugeliui pacientų reikalingos naujos imuninės sistemos aktyvinimo strategijos. Šioje apžvalgoje pateikiama priešvėžinių vakcinų ir galimų derinių su imunomoduliatoriais samprata.
Skiepai nuo COVID-19, sergant alerginėmis ligomis, kai skiriamas gydymas biologiniais vaistais
Authors: Bajoriūnienė Ieva
Published: September 2021

Sergant lėtinio uždegimo odos arba kvėpavimo takų ligomis, atopiniu dermatitu, lėtine spontanine dilgėline ar astma, nepageidaujamų ir alerginių reakcijų rizika į skiepus nuo SARS-CoV-2 viruso sukeltos ligos (COVID‐19) nepadidėja. Biologiniai vaistai, tokie kaip dupilumanas, omalizumabas, benralizumabas, mepolizumabas, skiriami gydyti sunkios eigos alergines ligas, yra veiksmingi ir saugūs netgi COVID‐19 pandemijos akivaizdoje. Sergantiesiems sunkios eigos alerginėmis ligomis ir gydomiems biologine terapija rekomenduojami skiepai nuo COVID‐19 vienos savaitės intervalu tarp vaistinių preparatų injekcijų.
2 tipo kvėpavimo takų uždegimas ir jo slopinimas biologiniais vaistais sergant astma ir lėtine obstrukcine plaučių liga
Authors: Palačionytė Jolita , Malakauskas Kęstutis
Published: September 2021

Astma ir lėtinė obstrukcinė plaučių liga (LOPL) yra uždegiminės kvėpavimo takų ligos, kurių paplitimas visame pasaulyje didėja. Kiekvienai iš šių ligų būdingas heterogeniškumas, tai yra ne tik skirtinga ligos klinikinė eiga, bet ir ligos patogenezė bei atsakas į gydymą. Suprasti astmos ir LOPL heterogeniškumą, nustatyti ligos fenotipą ir endotipą ypač svarbu siekiant individualizuoti šių ligų gydymą. Pastaruoju metu išskirtinis dėmesys skiriamas 2 tipo (angl. type 2) kvėpavimo takų uždegimui, kuriam būdinga eozinofilija. 2 tipo kvėpavimo takų uždegimo nepakankamas valdymas lemia sunkesnę ligos eigą, atsparumą vaistams, dažnus ligos paūmėjimus ir blogesnę gyvenimo kokybę. Nemažai gerai žinomų biologinių žymenų yra susieti su 2 tipo kvėpavimo takų uždegimu, o jų panaudojimas klinikinėje praktikoje yra ypač svarbus. Šioje apžvalgoje pateikiami apibendrinti duomenys apie 2 tipo kvėpavimo takų uždegimo išsivystymo kelius, biologinių žymenų svarbą ir poreikį, naujausias prieš 2 tipo kvėpavimo takų uždegimą nukreiptas gydymo galimybes.
Makine Merkezli Kamu Diplomasisinde Etik ve Etki Sorunsalı
Authors: GÜNEK Abdulsamet
Published: September 2021

Uygulayıcısı ve hedef kitlesi insan olan kamu diplomasisi faaliyetleri makine merkezli bir sisteme dönüşmüştür. Makine merkezli kamu diplomasisinin temel odak noktası yapay zekâ teknolojisine dayanmaktadır. Diğer bütün alanlardaki uygulamalarında olduğu gibi kamu diplomasisi faaliyetlerinde de yapay zekânın kullanımı, etki ve etik tartışmasını içermektedir. Literatür analizine yönelik akademik çalışmalar; kamu diplomasisi alanıyla ilgili çalışmaların kavram, kurum, aktör ve eylem temelli analizlere odaklandığını göstermektedir. Bu makalede kamu diplomasisi faaliyetlerinde yapay zekâ kullanımı, etik ve etki sorunsalı çerçevesinde analiz edilmiştir. Kamu diplomasisi literatürü insani etki ve iletişim çerçevesinde sınıflandırılmıştır. Bu sınıflandırma sonucunda insan faktörünün ve etkisinin azaldığı makine merkezli kamu diplomasisi etki ve etik bağlamında analiz edilmiştir. Analiz yapay zekâ tartışmalarının merkezinde yer alan “kontrol”, “denetim”, “güvenlik” ve “etik çerçeve” ile kamu diplomasisi eylemlerinin tartışma konusu olan “eylemin etkisi” bağlamı çerçevesinde oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda makine merkezli kamu diplomasisinde yapay zekâ kullanımının hukuki ve fikri alt yapı eksikliği, denetim ve kontrol ikilemi, internet ve bilgiye erişimde bilgi açığı oluşturma, kaynak ve hedef kitlenin belirsizleşmesi, teknolojik belirlenimcilik gibi konularda çeşitli eksiklikler ve sorunlar içerdiği görülmektedir.
Kanser Hastalarının Bilgi Kaynakları
Authors: GENCER Hatice , SERCEKUS Pınar , ÖZKAN Sevgi
Published: September 2021

Kanser hastaları, tedavi konusunda karar vermeleri, fiziksel ve psikolojik ihtiyaçları ile başa çıkmaları için bilgiye ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Doğru bilgiye ulaşılması, tedavi sürecini olumlu yönde etkilemektedir. Kanser hastalarının bilgi edindikleri kaynaklar zaman içinde değişiklik göstermiştir. Hastalar genellikle sağlık çalışanlarından bilgi almak istemekte ve sağlık çalışanlarına güven duymaktadırlar. Ancak son yıllarda bilgi aramak için internet kullanımının arttığı bilinmektedir. Günümüzde internet, hastaların ilk başvurduğu bilgi kaynaklarından biridir. Ancak internet üzerinden alınan bilgiler her zaman doğru olmamaktadır. Bu nedenle sağlık personelinin hastalığın tüm süreçlerinde birincil bilgi kaynağı olarak yerini koruması önemlidir. İnternetin günümüzde sık kullanılan bilgi kaynağı olduğu da unutulmamalı ve internetten bilgi arayan hastalar güvenli bilgi içeriğine sahip internet kaynaklarına yönlendirilmelidir. Bu derlemenin amacı kanser hastalarının kullandıkları bilgi kaynaklarının incelenmesidir.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Flört Şiddetinin Yaşam Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: IŞIK Merve , DEMİRCAN Ümran , GÜRHAN Nermin
Published: September 2021

Ergenlik döneminde fark edilmeden maruz kalınabilen flört şiddeti yaşamı olumsuz etkilemektedir. Çalışmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinde flört şiddetinin yaşam kalitesi üzerine etkisini belirlemedir. Tanımlayıcı olan araştırmanın örneklemini 228 öğrenci oluşturdu. Veriler ‘Kişisel Bilgi Formu’, ‘Flört Şiddetine Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği’, ‘Riskli Davranışlar Ölçeği Üniversite Formu’ ve ‘Whoqol-Bref’ kullanılarak toplandı. Katılımcıların flört şiddetine yönelik puan ortalama dağılımları, Kadının Flörtte Uyguladığı Psikolojik Şiddete Yönelik Tutum (1,77±0,61) ve Kadının Flörtte Uyguladığı Fiziksel Şiddete Yönelik Tutum (1,76±0,69) puanlarıdır. Kadının Flörtte Uyguladığı Psikolojik Şiddete Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği, Genel Sağlık Durumunu negatif yönde etkilemektedir (B=-,131 p
Türkiye’nin Şehir Sağlığı Politikalarının Sağlık Yönetimi Bakış Açısıyla Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KOCAMAN Ersin , BAÇ Adnan , TERLEMEZ Bahriye
Published: September 2021

Bireysel ve toplumsal sağlık değerinin artırılmasında şehir sağlığı politikaları önemli bir role sahiptir. Bu araştırmada, Türkiye’nin beş yıllık kalkınma planlarında (BYKP) yer alan şehir/kent ile ilgili politikaların tespit edilmesi ve tespit edilen politikaların Dünya Sağlık Örgütü Şehir Sağlık Profilinde yer alan dokuz başlıkta sınıflandırılarak incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır.

Doküman incelemesi yönteminin kullanıldığı bu araştırmada, 1963- 2023 yıllarını kapsayan on bir tane BYKP incelenmiştir. Veriler, örneklem seçme, kategori geliştirme, analiz birimi saptama ve sayısallaştırma olmak üzere dört aşamada analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde ve görselleştirilmesinde MAXQDA 2020 ve Microsoft Excel programları kullanılmıştır.

Planlarda, 805 tane şehir sağlığı politikasının var olduğu; politikaların %51,3’nü (n:413) en son hazırlanan dört BYKP’de, en az politikanın Altıncı BYKP’de (n:26) ve en fazla politikanın On Birinci BYKP’de (n:142) yer aldığı belirlenmiştir. En az politikanın “Doğal ve Yapay Afetlere Karşı Dayanım” başlığında (n:15), en fazla politikanın ise “Yönetişim ve Katılım” başlığında (n:190) olduğu saptanmıştır. Plan başına düşen ortalama şehir sağlığı politika sayısı 73,18;, konu başlığı başına düşen ortalama politika sayısı 89,44’tür. Şehir sağlığı politikalarında en sık kullanılan kelimelerin “Sosyal”, “Sistem”, “Ulaşım”, “Su” ve “Koordinasyon” kelimeleri olduğu görülmüştür.

Planlarda yer alan şehir sağlığı politikalarının sayısında düzensiz olmakla birlikte ciddi bir artış olmuştur. Sağlık Hizmetleri, Nüfus Yapısı ve Demografik Eğilimler, Doğal ve Yapay Afetlere Karşı Dayanım konularında daha fazla politika üretilmesine ihtiyaç olduğu görülmektedir. Kalkınma planlarında yer alan şehir sağlığı politikalarının sayısının artırılması sağlık değerinin iyileştirilmesine katkı sağlayacaktır.
Sağlık Yönetimi Lisans Eğitimi Alan Öğrencilerin Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: DEMİR USLU Yeter , GEDİKLİ Erman , AYGÜN Sefer
Published: September 2021

Çağımız sağlık öngörüsü; bireyin iyilik halini sürdürecek, koruyacak ve geliştirecek davranışlar elde etmesini ve kendi sağlığı ile alakalı yerinde ve doğru kararlar alabilmesini sağlamak adına dayandırılmış ve bu kararlar bireylerin mutlulukları ile ilişkilidir. Araştırmada bir vakıf üniversitesinin sağlık yönetimi bölümünde eğitim gören öğrencilerin Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışlarının (SYBD) mutluluk düzeyleri ile ilişkisini ve etkilerini tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır. Evrenin tamamına ulaşılmak hedeflendiği için örneklem seçimi yapılmamıştır. Araştırmada bağımlı değişken mutluluk düzeyi iken bağımsız değişken SYBD’dir. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin analiz edilmesi için Pearson Korelasyon Analizi, etkilerin ölçülmesi için ise Çoklu Regresyon Analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin mutluluk düzeyleri ile SYBD alt boyutları arasında anlamlı ve pozitif yönlü ilişkilerin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda anlamlı bir regresyon modeli, F(6, 296) = 52,356, p
Futbolcularda Yo-Yo Aralıklı Toparlanma Testlerindeki (Seviye 1-2) Kalp Atım Hızı, Laktat Profili ve Toparlanma Sürelerinin İncelenmesi T
Authors: BAYRAKDAROĞLU Serdar , CAN İbrahim , ALBAYRAK Ahmet Yilmaz , İMAMOĞLU Recep
Published: September 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı; futbolcularda Yo-Yo aralıklı toparlanma testlerindeki (seviye 1-2) maksimal kalp atım hızı (KAHmaks), laktat profili ve toparlanma sürelerinin incelenmesidir. Bu amaçla, 13 amatör genç futbol oyuncusu (yaş: 18,9±1,38 yıl; boy uzunluğu: 176,1±7,11 cm; vücut ağırlığı: 67,5±6,78 kg) çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katıldı. Çalışmada katılımcılara boy/kilo, Yo-Yo aralıklı toparlanma seviye 1 ve seviye 2 (Yo-Yo AT1 ve Yo-Yo AT2) testleri uygulandı. Yo-Yo aralıklı toparlanma testlerinde, kalp atım hızı (KAH), laktat değeri ve toparlanma süresi parametreleri belirlendi. Yo-Yo AT1 ve Yo-Yo AT2 testlerinin parametreleri arasındaki farklılık ilişkili örneklemler için T-testi ile, ilişki ise Pearson Korelasyon katsayısıyla incelendi. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, maksimal kalp atım hızı parametresi bakımından Yo-Yo AT1 (188,1±1,86 atım/dk) ve Yo-Yo AT2 (191,0±3,09 atım/dk) testleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu belirlendi p<0.05). Buna karşılık, Yo-Yo AT1 ve Yo-Yo AT2 testlerinin ön-test (1,91±,53 mmol/L ve 2,00±,40 mmol/L, sıraya göre) son-test laktat değerleri (14,9±,72 mmol/L ve 15,7±1,10 mmol/L, sıraya göre) arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığı belirlendi (p>0.05). Ayrıca, test sonrasında KAH değerinin normale dönüş süresinin Yo-Yo AT2 testinde daha yavaş olduğu görüldü. Sonuç olarak, Yo-Yo AT2 testinde kat edilen mesafenin daha düşük olmasına rağmen, koşu hızının yüksek olmasından dolayı fizyolojik yanıtların daha yüksek olduğu söylenebilir.
Escepticismo, paradoja y metapoesía en Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz: Finjamos que soy feliz (núm. 2)
Authors: MANSILLA FERNANDO RODRÍGUEZ
Published: September 2021

Este trabajo analiza el romance número 2, ‘Finjamos que soy feliz…’ como poema satírico-burlesco. En mi análisis, presto particular atención a cómo el locutor poético emplea la perspectiva filosófica del escepticismo para reflexionar acerca de la verdadera felicidad. En el poema, se adopta una visión prudente frente al estudio y se acaba por proponer el aprendizaje de la ignorancia. Empleando términos filosóficos, erudición y el recurso de la paradoja, este romance dialoga con una tradición poética que postulaba que el ejercicio de las letras era el que producía la verdadera felicidad. De esa forma, Sor Juana propone a través de la composición misma de sus versos una reflexión metapoética.
Survey of radiation field and dose in human papillomavirus-positive oropharyngeal cancer: is de-escalation actually applied in clinical practice?
Authors: Choi Kyu Hye , Song Jin Ho , Kim Yeon-Sil , Moon Sung Ho , Lee Jeongshim , Oh Young-Taek , Oh Dongryul , Kim Jin Ho , Kim Jun Won
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Studies on de-escalation in radiation therapy (RT) for human papillomavirus-related (HPV(+)) oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) are currently ongoing. This study investigated the current practice regarding the radiation dose and field in the treatment of HPV(+) OPC.Materials and Methods: The Korean Society for Head and Neck Oncology conducted a questionnaire on the primary treatment policy. Among them, for HPV(+) OPC scenarios, radiation oncologists were questioned regarding the field and dose of RT.Results: Forty-two radiation oncologists responded to the survey. In definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) treatment for stage T2N1M0 OPC, most respondents prescribed a dose of >60 Gy to the primary tonsil and involved ipsilateral lymph nodes. However, eight of the respondents prescribed a relatively low dose of ≤54 Gy. For stage T2N1M0 OPC, postoperative adjuvant RT was prescribed by eight and nine respondents with a lower dose of ≤50 Gy for the ipsilateral tonsil and involved neck, respectively. In definitive CCRT in complete remission after induction chemotherapy for initial stage T2N3M0 OPC, de-escalation of the tonsil and involved neck were performed by eight and seven respondents, respectively. Regarding whether de-escalation is applied in radiotherapy for HPV(+) OPC, 27 (64.3%) did not do it at present, and 15 (35.7%) were doing or considering it.Conclusion: The field and dose of prescribed treatment varied between institutions in Korea. Among them, dose de-escalation of RT in HPV(+) OPC was observed in approximately 20% of the respondents. Consensus guidelines will be set in the near future after the completion of ongoing prospective trials.
Salvage radiation therapy for postoperative locoregionally recurrent non-small cell lung cancer: a single-center experience
Authors: Jo Yoon Young , Kim Su Ssan , Song Si Yeol , Choi Eun Kyung
Published: September 2021

Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of salvage radiation therapy (RT) in patients with locoregional recurrence (LRR) following initial curative resection of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and identify the prognostic factors affecting survival. Materials and Methods: Between January 2009 and January 2019, 54 patients with LRR after NSCLC surgery were treated with salvage RT (83.3%) or concurrent chemoradiation therapy (16.7%). Twenty-three (42.6%), 21 (38.9%), and 10 (18.5%) patients had local, regional, and both recurrences, respectively. The median RT dose was 66 Gy (range, 37.5 to 70 Gy). The radiation target volume included recurrent lesions with or without regional lymphatics depending on the location and recurrence type. Results: The median follow-up time from the start of RT was 28.3 months (range, 2.4 to 112.4 months) and disease-free interval (DFI) from surgery to recurrence was 21.0 months (range, 0.5 to 92.3 months). Tumor response after RT was complete response, partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease in 17, 29, 5, and 3 patients, respectively. The rates of freedom from local progression at 1 and 2 years were 77.2% and 66.0%, respectively. The median survival duration after RT was 24.8 months, and the 2-year overall survival (OS) rate was 51.1%. On univariate analysis, initial stage, recurrence site, DFI, and tumor response after RT were significant prognostic factors for OS. DFI ≥12 months and tumor response after RT were statistically significant factors on multivariate Cox analysis for OS. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated the effectiveness of salvage RT for LRR of NSCLC following curative surgery.
Creating a National Biodiversity Database in Gabon and the Challenges of Mobilizing Natural History Data for Francophone Countries
Authors: Tobi Elie , Aymar Nziengui Djiembi Geovanne , Feistner Anna , Midoko Iponga Donald , Liwouwou Jean Felicien , Mabala Charlie , Mavoungou Jacques , Moussavou Gauthier , Omouendze Linda Priscilla , Gilbert Edward , Jongsma Gregory
Published: September 2021

Language is a major barrier for researchers wanting to digitize and publish collection data in Africa. Despite being the fifth most spoken language on Earth and the second most common in Africa, resources in French about digitization, data management, and publishing are lacking. Furthermore, French-speaking regions of Africa (primarily Central/West Africa and Madagascar) host some of the highest biodiversity on the continent and therefore are of great importance to scientists and decision-makers. Without having representation in online portals like the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and Integrated Digitized Biocollections (iDigBio), these important collections are effectively invisible. Producing relevant/applicable resources about digitization in French will help shine a light on these valuable natural history records and allow the data-holders in Africa to retain the autonomy of their collections. Awarded a GBIF-BID (Biodiversity Information for Development) grant in 2021, an international, multilingual network of partners has undertaken the important task of digitizing and mobilizing Gabon’s vertebrate collections. There are an estimated 13,500 vertebrate specimens housed in five institutions in different parts of Gabon. To date, the group has mobilized >4,600 vertebrate records to our recently launched Gabon Biodiversity Portal (https://gabonbiota.org/). The portal also hosts French guides for using Symbiota-based portals to manage, georeference, and publish natural history databases. These resources can provide much-needed guidance for other Francophone countries⁠—in Africa and beyond⁠—working to maximize the accessibility and value of their biodiversity collections.
Components of a Digital Specimen Architecture for Biological Collections
Authors: Stewart Aimee
Published: September 2021

In 2020, we began developing software components for an Application Programming Interface (API)-based integration architecture (the “Specify Network”) to leverage the global footprint of the Specify 7 collections management platform (www.specifysoftware.org) and the analytical services of the Lifemapper (lifemapper.org) and Biotaphy (biotaphy.org) Projects. The University of Kansas Lifemapper Project is a community gateway for species distribution and macroecological modeling. The Biotaphy Project, an extension of Lifemapper, is the product of a six-year, U.S. National Science Foundation-funded collaboration among researchers at the Universities of Michigan, Florida, and Kansas. Biotaphy's primary scope is to use big data methods and high-performance computing to integrate species occurrence data with phylogenetic and biogeographic data sets for large taxonomic and spatial scale analyses. Our initial integrations between Biotaphy and the Specify Network enable Specify users to easily discover remote information related to the specimens in their collection.

The widely-discussed, digital specimen architecture being championed by DiSSCo (Distributed System of Scientific Collections www.dissco.eu) and others (https://bit.ly/3jfsAgz) will change data communications between biodiversity collections and the broader biodiversity data community. Those network interactions will evolve from being predominantly one-way, batch-oriented transfers of information from museums to aggregators, to an n-way communications topology that will make specimen record discovery, updates and usage much easier to accomplish. But museum specimens and their catalogs will no longer be an intellectual endpoint of species documentation. Rather, records in collections management systems will increasingly serve as a point of departure for data synthesis, which takes place outside of institutional data domains, and which will overlay the legacy role of museums as authoritative sources of information about the diversity and distribution of life on Earth. Biological museum institutions will continue to play a vital role as the foundation of a global data infrastructure connecting aggregators, collaborative databases, analysis engines, journal publishers, and data set archives.

In this presentation, we will provide an update on the components and capabilities that make up integrations in the Specify Network as an exemplar of the global architecture envisaged by the biodiversity research community.
Use of a convolutional neural network to segment signals of motor operated valves
Authors: Kotsoyev Konstantin I. , Trykov Yevgeny L. , Trykova Irina V.
Published: September 2021

Motor operated valves (MOV) are one of the most numerous classes of the nuclear power plant components. An important issue concerned with the MOV diagnostics is the lack of in-process (online) automated control for the MOV technical condition during full power operation of the NPP unit.

In this regard, a vital task is that of the MOV diagnostics based on the signals of the current and voltage consumed during MOV ‘opening’ and ‘closing’ operations. The current and voltage signals represent time series measured at regular intervals. The current (and voltage) signals can be received online and contain all necessary information for the online diagnostics of the MOV status.

Essentially, the approach allows active power signals to be calculated from the current and voltage signals, and characteristics (‘diagnostic signs’) to be extracted from particular portions (segments) of the active power signals using the values of which MOVs can be diagnosed.

The paper deals with the problem of automating the segmentation of active power signals. To accomplish this, an algorithm has been developed based on using a convolutional neural network.
Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome/veno-occlusive disease after hematopoietic cell transplantation: historical and current considerations in Korea
Authors: Yoon Jae-Ho , Choi Chul Won , Won Jong-Ho
Published: September 2021

Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome/veno-occlusive disease (SOS/VOD) is a rare but severe complication of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) showing high mortality. Multiple risk factors for SOS/VOD were identified, but it is often confused with other hepatic complications due to nonspecific clinical features. Therefore, diagnostic and severity criteria have been revised several times. The European Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation suggested a new guideline that excludes the standard duration of development within 21 days, emphasizes late-onset SOS/VOD, and suggests the importance of Doppler ultrasonography. The severity criteria were further subdivided for guidance to begin active treatment using defibrotide which was approved in Korea since 2016. In a phase 3 trial, defibrotide had superior 100-day survival, compared to best available treatments (38.2% vs. 25.0%). Although several studies of SOS/VOD in Korean patients have been performed after the implementation of HCT, most involved small number of pediatric patients. Recently, the Korean Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation investigated the incidence of SOS/VOD in the Korean population, and several influential studies of adult patients were published. Here, we summarize recent issues regarding the mechanism, diagnosis, severity criteria, prevention, and treatments of SOS/VOD in Korean patients, as well as recent analyses of nationwide incidence.
Consistent Infection Prevention: Vital During Routine and Emerging Infectious Diseases Care
Authors: Rebmann Terri , Carrico Ruth
Published: September 2021

Emerging infectious diseases impact healthcare providers in the United States and globally. Nurses play a vital role in protecting the health of patients, visitors, and fellow staff members during routine practice and biological disasters, such as bioterrorism, pandemics, or outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases. One vital nursing practice is proper infection prevention procedures. Failure to practice correctly and consistently can result in occupational exposures or disease transmission. This article reviews occupational health risks, and pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions for nurses who provide care to patients with new or re-emerging infectious diseases. Infection prevention education based on existing infection prevention competencies is critical to ensure adequate knowledge and safe practice both every day and in times of limited resources. Challenges specific to infectious disease disasters are discussed, as well as the role of microorganisms and nurse education for infection prevention.
Prevention and Control of Worldwide Mosquito-Borne Illnesses: Nurses as Teachers
Authors: Audain Gettie , Maher Carmen
Published: September 2021

Public health responses to increases in mosquito-borne viruses, such as chikungunya, dengue, and recently the Zika virus outbreak, have increased awareness about these illnesses. This is especially so with the Zika virus and its devastating effects on unborn children. Awareness and prevention guides are now more widely available. However, information provided is often limited to telling consumers what to do to protect themselves from mosquito bites, lacking an explanation about the cycle of transmission in a simple and concise way. Better understanding about why protection is critical, and how this action protects others, may lead to more consistent protective behaviors. Nurses interact with patients on a daily basis and are trained to convey complex scientific and medical information in ways that are understandable to different populations. For this reason, nurses are critical partners to teach about prevention and control of mosquito-borne illnesses. This article will first briefly review arboviruses, followed by an exemplar that discusses customized teaching tools about dengue fever developed for lay persons traveling for mission trips. The summary offers recommendations for nurses to consider as they plan intervention to increase awareness and prevent and control outbreaks.
Nurse Led Reform: Is It Time to Rethink the Nursing Unit?
Authors: McClelland Mark
Published: September 2021

Current service delivery designs, particularly the hospital medical-surgical “nursing unit,” may not be adequate to meet challenges facing hospitals of the future. Healthcare reform is changing the way we deliver and finance healthcare services. During this reform era there are opportunities for nurse leaders to reconceptualize the nursing role and function. This article provides a brief overview of development of modern hospitals, and describes beliefs and assumptions of an innovative design to deliver nursing services in the acute care (non-intensive care unit) setting. The proposed Service Line Model replicates the highly successful physician model that modernized U.S. hospitals. The model is driven by the Attending Nurse and the domains of nursing practice are delivered by specialists within service lines. Descriptions are provided for the nine service lines, model functioning, and next steps in development. Potential benefits of this model include greater ownership of care, reduction in clinical variation, elimination of missed care, and identification of the costs of providing nursing services.