bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Optimization of Medium Conditions and Auxins in the Induction of Adventitious Roots of Pokeweed (Phytolacca americana L.) and Their Phytochemical Constituents
Authors: Trunjaruen Attachai , Luecha Prathan , Taratima Worasitikulya
Published: August 2023

Pokeweed, Phytolacca americana L., is considered a widely spreading invasive plant, while saponin contents accumulated in the roots have pharmaceutical uses, such as rheumatism treatments and anti-inflammation. Adventitious root cultures are an important source of diverse secondary metabolites, which have significant applications in various fields. This study focused on the optimization of parameters for root induction using different medium states and treatments with auxins on a pokeweed leaf. Semisolid and liquid MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) media were supplemented with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 1-naphthylacetic acid (NAA) at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mg/L. Root growth parameters, e.g., induction percentage, root numbers, length, and weight, were measured to determine the adventitious root induction efficiency. Total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total saponin content, and antioxidant activity were recorded. Results showed that adventitious roots induced in semisolid MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L NAA exhibited a high density of lateral roots. Appropriate medium state and auxin for adventitious root induction in pokeweed were determined as semisolid medium supplemented with 2 mg/L NAA. Considering phytochemicals, adventitious roots induced in liquid medium containing 0.5–1 mg/L NAA had the highest yield extract percentage. Additionally, adventitious roots cultivated in a liquid medium enriched with 1 mg/L NAA exhibited the highest phenolic and saponin contents. A principal component analysis (PCA) biplot and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) heatmap demonstrated different response patterns between semisolid and liquid media applied with NAA. The results of the semisolid media were grouped together due to high expression levels of the root induction parameters, while elevated phytochemical values were observed in the liquid media treatments. The results suggested two different media that provide the highest adventitious root induction efficiency and the greatest phytochemical contents: semisolid medium with 2 mg/L NAA and liquid medium with 1 mg/L NAA, respectively. These culture media can be applied to optimize adventitious root culture of pokeweed and in vitro phytochemical production.
Theoretical and Experimental Study on Homologous Acoustic Emission Signal Recognition Based on Synchrosqueezed Wavelet Transform Coherence
Authors: Wang Jingkai , Huo Linsheng , Liu Chunguang , Song Gangbing
Published: August 2023

The acoustic emission (AE) technique has been widely investigated for its ability to locate damage in structures. However, the selection of the arrival point of AE signals and the existence of nonhomologous AE signals can significantly affect the location accuracy of damages. The synchrosqueezed wavelet transform (SWT) was used in our previous research to pick the accurate arrival point, but the existence of the nonhomologous signals was neglected in the picking process. To address this limitation, the synchrosqueezed wavelet transform coherence (SWTC) method is proposed to improve the accuracy by recognizing homologous signals and suppressing the spectral leakage in this paper. Compared with the wavelet transform coherence (WTC) method previously used, the SWTC method using the squeezing wavelet coefficients obtained by the SWT can constitute a more explicit coherence graph of AE signals. This clear coherence graph can help reduce the effect of subjective factors in observing the coherence and improve the recognition accuracy of homologous signals. The effectiveness of the proposed method is experimentally verified on a steel pipe and a concrete beam. The results demonstrate that the SWTC accurately identifies homologous AE signals and effectively improves the localization accuracy across different signal densities, localization distances, and materials.
Comparative Study of Two Nonlinear Control Strategies of Induction Motors considering Heating and Magnetic Saturation
Authors: Es-Semyhy Mustapha , Ba-Razzouk Abdellfattah , El Haroussi Mustapha , Madark Mhamed
Published: August 2023

Feedback linearization technique (FLT) linearizes the model of induction machine (IM). This actuator suffers from the variation of its inductances due to saturation and resistances due to joule and skin effects. Sliding-mode control (SMC) is widely recognized as a robust technique against parametric variations of IM. This control strategy has the advantage of being simple to implement and requires only a simple flux observer. This explains the use of FLT and SMC in this work to control an IM while taking into account the magnetic saturation and heating of the IM. Simulation results, conducted in a MATLAB/Simulink environment, demonstrate the relevance and efficiency of the proposed control schemes.
Covariates of Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Burdens among the Caregivers of Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Nath Sudipta Deb , Chowdhury Afrin Sultana , Pinky Susmita Dey , Akter Kazi Mahmuda , Nourin Nishat Anjum , Chowdhury Tonmoy , Fahid Hossain Ahmed , Sharmin K. M. Shailah , Rana Md. Mashud , Alam Nazmul , Ahsan Md. Moinul , Mannan Adnan
Published: August 2023

Caregivers of hypertensive patients play a significant role in ensuring adequate patient care and lowering the risk of hypertension-relatedcomplications. Caregivers are ideal study subjects for identifying gaps in hypertension management. Our study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of hypertensive patients’ caregivers, to identify their extent of involvement in patients’ care, and to assess their care-related attributes. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2020 to February 2021 in the eight largest tertiary care medical college hospitals and all eight divisions of Bangladesh, with 949 caregivers enrolled. Data were collected using a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire through snowball sampling and analyzed using a one-way ANOVA, independent-sample T-test, and chi-square test. Among the 949 interviewed caregivers, 541 (57.0%) were female, and 479 (50.5%) were aged 18 to 25 years. The percentage scores regarding overall knowledge, attitude, and practice of the caregivers were 54.83 ± 17.95, 47.95 ± 24.05, and 61.26 ± 17.50, respectively. Caregivers’ education, history of hypertension, residence, age, relationship with the patient, occupation, and caregiving duration were significantly associated with the KAP scores. In addition, factors such as relationship with the patient, age, educational status, occupation, residence, and caregiving duration/day had significant correlations with all types of burden. Findings of this study suggest the necessity for awareness programs for the caregivers of hypertensive patients to diminish the gap in their KAP and improve their mental and physical health.
Supplementary Tables S1-S7 from High-Throughput Drug Screening of Primary Tumor Cells Identifies Therapeutic Strategies for Treating Children with High-Risk Cancer
Authors: Mayoh Chelsea , Mao Jie , Xie Jinhan , Tax Gabor , Chow Shu-Oi , Cadiz Roxanne , Pazaky Karina , Barahona Paulette , Ajuyah Pamela , Trebilcock Peter , Malquori Angela , Gunther Kate , Avila Anica , Yun Doo Young , Alfred Stephanie , Gopalakrishnan Anjana , Kamili Alvin , Wong Marie , Cowley Mark J. , Jessop Sophie , Lau Loretta M.S. , Trahair Toby N. , Ziegler David S. , Fletcher Jamie I. , Gifford Andrew J. , Tsoli Maria , Marshall Glenn M. , Haber Michelle , Tyrrell Vanessa , Failes Timothy W. , Arndt Greg M. , Lock Richard B. , Ekert Paul G. , Dolman M. Emmy M.
Published: August 2023

Supplementary Tables S1-S7
TABLE 2 from Dodecafluoropentane Emulsion as a Radiosensitizer in Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Lickliter Jason D. , Ruben Jeremy , Kichenadasse Ganessan , Jennens Ross , Gzell Cecelia , Mason Ralph P. , Zhou Heling , Becker Jennifer , Unger Evan , Stea Baldassarre
Published: August 2023

All-cause AEs of grade 2 or greater severity
FIGURE 3 from Dodecafluoropentane Emulsion as a Radiosensitizer in Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Lickliter Jason D. , Ruben Jeremy , Kichenadasse Ganessan , Jennens Ross , Gzell Cecelia , Mason Ralph P. , Zhou Heling , Becker Jennifer , Unger Evan , Stea Baldassarre
Published: August 2023

TOLD MRI of patient receiving 0.17 mL/kg DDFPe pretreatment (A) and posttreatment (B) shows reversal of tumor hypoxia. T1 of tumor (mean ± SD) was 1,454 ± 75 ms preadministration of DDFPe and decreased to 1,281 ± 77 ms after treatment. NMR relaxation measurements before and after infusion of DDFPe (C). NMR T1 measurements represent mean ± SD for the 4 patients encompassing tumor or contralateral normal brain imaged at 1.5 T. Baseline measurements (blue) were performed before administration of DDFPe, and postmeasurements (red) were made following intravenous administration of DDFPe, while patients breathed oxygen or carbogen following irradiation. Normal brain tissue showed no significant response (P = 0.70), while tumor showed significant change following administration of DDFPe and irradiation (P = 0.0059). Considering all measurements, tumor tissues had significantly longer T1 relaxation times than normal brain (P < 0.0001). At baseline brain T1 was significantly shorter than tumor (P < 0.0001) and this remained so after administering DDFPe (P = 0.0045).
High-Risk Gaming Is Associated with Frequent Substance Use: An Exploratory Survey among Young Adults
Authors: Di Carlo Francesco , Verrastro Valeria , Alessi Maria Chiara , Sociali Antonella , Altomare Arianna Ida , Di Natale Chiara , Stigliano Gianfranco , Miuli Andrea , Lalli Aliseo , Di Petta Gilberto , Chiappini Stefania , Pettorruso Mauro , Bowden-Jones Henrietta , Griffiths Mark D , Martinotti Giovanni
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is an emerging condition within the field of behavioural addictions. IGD has been demonstrated to be highly comorbid with many other mental health disorders. Among these, substance use has been associated with IGD, and there are underlying similarities between behavioural addictions and substance use disorders. The main aims of the present study were (i) to investigate the association between high-risk gaming and substance use among young adults drawn from the general Italian population; and (ii) to explore the psychopathological correlates of high-risk gaming. Methods: Lifetime substance use, type of substances consumed, and frequency of use were investigated through an online survey in a sample of 913 adults aged 18–40 years. High-risk gaming was assessed using the ten-item Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGDT-10). Psychopathology was assessed using the Revised 90-item Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R). Results: High-risk gaming prevalence rate was 4.4%. High-risk gamers scored higher on all dimensions of psychopathology, confirming the association between high-risk gaming and psychiatric distress. Regarding substance use, high-risk gamers were more commonly polysubstance users and more commonly made use of psychodysleptic substances. High-risk gamers were more commonly frequent substance users, and 32.5% of high-risk gamers used or had used psychoactive substances often or everyday throughout their lives. Discussion and Conclusion: The findings are in line with the concept of a common neurobiological vulnerability for both gaming and substance use. There is the need for more research to examine the phenomenology of gaming and its interplay with substance use to help develop effective interventions and prevention strategies.
AKAP12 and IGFBP4 Are Prognostic Factors for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Shi Yuye , Xu Xiaohu , He Zhengmei , Tao Hong , Chen Yue , Zhang Lijuan , Tao Shandong , Ding Banghe , Wang Chunling , Yu Liang
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The aim of this study was to develop a prognostic model for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Methods: GEO2R was used to retrieve the gene expression data of CLL and normal B cells from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO; GSE22529 and GSE50006 datasets) database. Practical Extraction and Report Language was used to extract the gene expression and overall survival (OS) data of CLL patients from the Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia – ES (CLLE-ES) project in the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) database. Cox regression with Lasso was used to create and validate a prognostic model for CLL. Results: A total of 267 genes exhibited differential expression between CLL and normal B cells. Cox univariate analysis identified 14 DEGs that correlated with OS. Lasso multivariate evaluation demonstrated that AKAP12 and IGFBP4 are independent prognostic factors for CLL. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a significant association between the estimated risk score and survival. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was calculated to be 0.97, indicating high predictive accuracy. In addition, high AKAP12 and IGFBP4 risk scores were associated with the high incidence of trisomy 12q. Conclusion: Taken together, AKAP12 and IGFBP4 are independent prognostic factors for CLL.
Gisela Swetlana Ortriwano e a Universidade de São Paulo: uma relação de afetos ao ensino, à pesquisa e à extensão
Authors: Galvão Júnior Lourival da Cruz
Published: August 2023

Este estudo analisa a trajetória de Gisela Swetlana Ortriwano e suas contribuições ao Departamento de Jornalismo e Editoração da Escola de Comunicações e Artes da Universidade de São Paulo (CJE-ECA/USP). Apoiado em pesquisa documental e bibliográfica alinhada aos fundamentos da história oral, este trabalho investiga o percurso, no ambiente acadêmico, da professora e pesquisadora que se tornou referência nos estudos sobre o rádio e o radiojornalismo no Brasil. Com base nos depoimentos de pessoas que conviveram com a docente, este texto revelou uma relação marcada por afetos à instituição de ensino superior em que, por mais de três décadas, Gisela Swetlana Ortriwano atuou como estudante, docente e pesquisadora.
As TICs no contexto do ensino remoto: uma experiência com anos finais de ensino fundamental
Authors: Colla Rodrigo Avila
Published: August 2023

Este artigo apresenta uma prática pedagógica de ensino remoto, realizada durante o isolamento social em virtude da pandemia de covid-19. Abordam-se mudanças no planejamento de Tecnologia e Inovação, integrante do currículo da rede municipal de Esteio-RS, em comparação com o plano inicial da disciplina. A metodologia consiste na análise do discurso das atividades dos educandos, confrontadas com seus comentários nas aulas por videoconferência. O objetivo é compreender como as proposições conduziram os educandos ao hábito da pergunta, fomentando pesquisas com o uso das TIC. Conclui-se que a elaboração de perguntas e hipóteses – aspecto inicial de qualquer estudo científico – ao trabalhar com demandas dos alunos, ao mesmo tempo faz com que eles se envolvam no processo educativo e ajuda a criar uma cultura de pesquisa.
Improved Cardiac Function in Postischemic Rats Using an Optimized Cardiac Reprogramming Cocktail Delivered in a Single Novel Adeno-Associated Virus
Authors: Zhou Huanyu , Yang Jin , Srinath Chetan , Zeng Aliya , Wu Iris , Leon Elena C. , Qureshi Tawny Neal , Reid Christopher A. , Nettesheim Emily R. , Xu Emma , Duclos Zoe , Mohamed Tamer M.A. , Farshidfar Farshad , Fejes Anthony , Liu Jun , Jones Samantha , Feathers Charles , Chung Tae Won , Jing Frank , Prince William S. , Lin JianMin , Yu Pengzhi , Srivastava Deepak , Hoey Timothy , Ivey Kathryn N. , Lombardi Laura M.
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

Cardiac reprogramming is a technique to directly convert nonmyocytes into myocardial cells using genes or small molecules. This intervention provides functional benefit to the rodent heart when delivered at the time of myocardial infarction or activated transgenically up to 4 weeks after myocardial infarction. Yet, several hurdles have prevented the advancement of cardiac reprogramming for clinical use.

METHODS:

Through a combination of screening and rational design, we identified a cardiac reprogramming cocktail that can be encoded in a single adeno-associated virus. We also created a novel adeno-associated virus capsid that can transduce cardiac fibroblasts more efficiently than available parental serotypes by mutating posttranslationally modified capsid residues. Because a constitutive promoter was needed to drive high expression of these cell fate–altering reprogramming factors, we included binding sites to a cardiomyocyte-restricted microRNA within the 3’ untranslated region of the expression cassette that limits expression to nonmyocytes. After optimizing this expression cassette to reprogram human cardiac fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocyte-like cells in vitro, we also tested the ability of this capsid/cassette combination to confer functional benefit in acute mouse myocardial infarction and chronic rat myocardial infarction models.

RESULTS:

We demonstrated sustained, dose-dependent improvement in cardiac function when treating a rat model 2 weeks after myocardial infarction, showing that cardiac reprogramming, when delivered in a single, clinically relevant adeno-associated virus vector, can support functional improvement in the postremodeled heart. This benefit was not observed with GFP (green fluorescent protein) or a hepatocyte reprogramming cocktail and was achieved even in the presence of immunosuppression, supporting myocyte formation as the underlying mechanism.

CONCLUSIONS:

Collectively, these results advance the application of cardiac reprogramming gene therapy as a viable therapeutic approach to treat chronic heart failure resulting from ischemic injury.
Management of Inherited CNS Small Vessel Diseases: The CADASIL Example: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Meschia James F. , Worrall Bradford B. , Elahi Fanny M. , Ross Owen A. , Wang Michael M. , Goldstein Eric D. , Rost Natalia S. , Majersik Jennifer J. , Gutierrez José ,   on behalf of the American Heart Association Stroke Council; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Clinical Cardiology; and Council on Hypertension
Published: August 2023

Lacunar infarcts and vascular dementia are important phenotypic characteristics of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, the most common inherited cerebral small vessel disease. Individuals with the disease show variability in the nature and onset of symptoms and rates of progression, which are only partially explained by differences in pathogenic mutations in the
NOTCH3
gene. Recognizing the disease early in its course and securing a molecular diagnosis are important clinical goals, despite the lack of proven disease-modifying treatments. The purposes of this scientific statement are to review the clinical, genetic, and imaging aspects of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, contrasting it with other inherited small vessel diseases, and to provide key prevention, management, and therapeutic considerations with the intent of reducing practice variability and encouraging production of high-quality evidence to support future treatment recommendations.
An annotated checklist of recent non-marine Ostracoda (Crustacea) from Argentina, South America
Authors: SABATER LARA MILENA , MONFERRAN MATEO DANIEL , HIGUTI JANET , PÉREZ ALEJANDRA PATRICIA
Published: August 2023

According to an updated list of extant non-marine ostracods, there are 2,330 subjective species in 270 genera in the world, of which 333 species are known from the Neotropical region. However, the knowledge about the ostracod fauna in Argentina is scarce, fragmented and incomplete. Thus, the aim of this study was to present the first checklist of the recent non-marine ostracods from Argentina, including geographical distributions and ecological characteristics of the species. Thus far, 66 ostracod species in 33 genera and 7 families have been recorded in non-marine Argentinian environments. Of the total number of species, 29% can be considered endemic to the country. Most of the species were recorded in alkaline, freshwater to oligohaline cold waters and mainly in low to moderate altitude environments. Our results showed that most studies were mainly carried out in the Pampean and Patagonia region and, therefore, the diversity record of ostracods in Argentina is biased towards these regions.
Five new ocellus-bearing species of the cusk-eel genus Neobythites (Ophidiidae, Ophidiiformes) from the West Pacific, with establishment of three new species groups
Authors: UIBLEIN FRANZ , NIELSEN JØRGEN G.
Published: August 2023

Five new West Pacific species of the cusk-eel genus Neobythites (Ophidiidae) from the lower shelf and upper slope of the Solomon Sea, off Okinawa, Japan, and off Fiji are described. The descriptions are based on nine specimens from three fish collections and unvouchered fresh colour photographs showing three specimens taken shortly after being caught. The new species all bear at least one ocellus on the dorsal fin, a conspicuous colour pattern consisting of a dark spot surrounded by a contrasting white or pale ring. Fifteen ocellus-bearing congeners are rather similar with at least one of the new species, requiring detailed comparisons based on a large set of morphometric, meristic, colour and otolith-shape data from over 300 specimens. To facilitate the comparisons among the 20 Neobythites species in total and the preparation of identification keys, three new taxonomic species groups, the australiensis, kenyaensis and longiventralis groups, are established. Also, the steatiticus species group which had been previously established, is slightly updated. A key for identification of each of these four groups is prepared. The most important characters for distinction among groups are the presence and number of preopercular spines, the number and position of ocelli, and pelvic-fin length. For each of the three new groups, species accounts including new species descriptions, within-group comparisons, and identification keys are prepared. For the steatiticus group, only the description of the new species, N. pako n. sp., and an updated account of the Atlantic N. monocellatus are provided, considering previously published accounts of the other seven species in comparisons with those two species and the identification key. The results are shortly discussed, emphasizing the finding of a unique ocellus structure in N. superocellatus n. sp. (australiensis species group) and the need for taxonomic studies of the remaining 10 ocellus-bearing species of Neobythites together with additional, non-ocellus-bearing congeners.
Four new species of Heilus Kuschel 1955 (Curculionidae, Molytinae, Molytini, Hylobiina) from Brazil
Authors: LIRA ALINE DE OLIVEIRA , SOUSA WESLEY OLIVEIRA DE , MARQUES MARINÊZ ISAAC
Published: August 2023

Four new species, namely Heilus rosadonetoi Lira, De Sousa & Marques sp. nov., Heilus christinae Lira, De Sousa & Marques sp. nov., Heilus vanini Lira, De Sousa & Marques sp. nov., and Heilus obrieni Lira, De Sousa & Marques sp. nov., are described from Brazil. The new species are illustrated with habitus photographs and drawings of male and female genitalia. The present study expands the diversity of the genus Heilus to include 22 species in the Neotropical region, with the highest number of species (16 species) distributed in Brazil.
Taxonomic contribution to the knowledge of the oribatid mite family Scheloribatidae (Acari, Oribatida), with description of three new species from Vietnam
Authors: ERMILOV SERGEY G. , SALAVATULIN VLADIMIR M.
Published: August 2023

Three new oribatid mite species of the family Scheloribatidae (Oribatida)—Dometorina (Dometorina) robusta sp. nov., Phylloribatula latiseta sp. nov., Scheloribates (Scheloribates) paraflagellisetosus sp. nov.—are described, based on adults collected from tree branches of Dipterocarpus alatus in southern Vietnam. Representatives of Dometorina (Dometorina) and Phylloribatula are recorded in the Vietnamese fauna for the first time. An identification key to the known species of Phylloribatula is provided.
Photoacoustic Spectral Response using Ultrasound and Interferometric Sensors: A Correlation Study for a High Bandwidth Real-Time Blood Vasculature Monitoring Application in a Chick-Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) Model
Authors: Khan Suhel , Nayak Debasis , Vasudevan Srivathsan
Published: August 2023

Photoacoustic (PA) spectral response technique has shown good promise in efficient preclinical tissue diagnosis by depicting mechano-biological properties due to high spatial resolution and penetration depth. The conventional PA-based system is a pump–probe technique that utilizes neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet pulsed laser as a pump and an ultrasound sensor as a probe. For biomedical studies, high-speed PA signals need to be acquired, requiring higher bandwidth ultrasound sensors. While the bandwidth increases, they exhibit a very low signal-to-noise ratio that inhibits acquiring PA signals of biomedical samples. An interferometer-based probe has recently been investigated as a potential ultrasound probe for obtaining PA signals as an alternative. This optical PA detection technique offers high sensitivity by combining low acoustic impedance with high electromechanical coupling. However, there is a lack of exploration of the same for real-time biomedical studies. This work shows the development of a homodyne Mach-Zehnder interferometer-based PA spectral response (PASR) followed by a correlation study between the conventional ultrasound sensor and the interferometer-based sensor. Further, this study demonstrates the capability of continuous monitoring of vascular growth and the effect of an antidrug (Cisplatin) on the vasculature tested on a chick-embryo chorioallantoic membrane model. PASR was able to monitor growth changes within one day, which was not possible with conventional methods. This opens up potential possibilities for using this technique in biomedical applications.
Investigating calendrical methods of calculating sunrise and sunset times in the Shixian calendar
Authors: Choi Go-Eun , Mihn Byeong-Hee , Lee Ki-Won
Published: August 2023

The Shixian calendar is the general name for Chinese calendars implemented in China’s Qing dynasty (1636–1912) and Korea’s Joseon dynasty (1392–1910). This calendar made under the influence of Western sciences was revised several times. Referring to the Yuzhi lixiang kaocheng, compiled by Mei Juecheng et al. in 1724, we analyze calendrical methods employed in the Shixian calendar for calculating sunrise and sunset times in terms of astronomy and mathematics. In astronomy, the Polaris was used to measure the latitude, and the Sun’s diurnal parallax was considered to increase accuracy. In mathematics, Western mathematics, such as trigonometric functions and properties of similar spherical triangles, were used to calculate sunrise and sunset times. In addition, ready reckoner tables were used to obtain the trigonometric values. The reproduced sunrise and sunset times are compared the results recorded in Shixian annual almanacs published in China and Korea to obtain the rules regarding dates on which these recording were made in the almanacs. We find that sunrise and sunset times were changed before and after around 1726 and in 1728 in the Shixian almanacs of China and Korea, respectively. Furthermore, we verify the values of the latitude and obliquity of the ecliptic used for calculating the sunrise and sunset times in the almanacs in each dynasty. This study will help understand the Shixian calendar and its annual almanacs in China and Korea.
Kepler’s struggle with the problem of force obstruction
Authors: Kutrovátz Gábor
Published: August 2023

The paper examines how the scarcely discussed problem of force obstruction contributed to shaping Kepler’s concept of force, that is, the question whether corporeal forces are blocked when an intermediate body is interposed between the force source and the target body. We explore the role played by this problem in Kepler’s works, focusing on his Optics, Foundations of Astrology, Astronomia Nova and Epitome. While the problem is instrumental in abandoning an initially physicalistic framework for astrology, Kepler attempts at different solutions when discussing the forces responsible for planetary motion. These forces are first modelled upon light, and then magnetism (and gravity). However, after considering several ways to get rid of the problem, he is eventually unable to decide why observable effects of obstruction are usually absent. So he accepts this absence at face value, similarly to Newton in his most relevant passages, allowing for a new ontological category that is physical on the one hand, but non-material on the other.
Measuring an Ongoing State of Wakefulness: The Development and Validation of the Inventory of Secular/Spiritual Wakefulness (WAKE)
Authors: Kilrea Kelly A. , Taylor Steve , Bilodeau Cynthia , Wittmann Marc , Linares Gutiérrez Damisela , Kübel Sebastian L.
Published: August 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire assessing an ongoing state of wakefulness, a psychological state occurring in secular and spiritual contexts. Wakefulness is an expansive, self-transcendent, relatively stable state of being in which a person’s perception of and relationship to the world are transformed. No such questionnaire with this specific aim and scope exists. Methods: Characteristics of wakefulness from prior research were transformed into statements and refined based on expert feedback and two pilot studies. In a first study, exploratory factor analyses (EFAs) were conducted with n = 278 English-speaking participants. Matched participants of this sample were compared with a group of awakened participants ( n = 24). In a second study, EFAs on the German-translated questionnaire were computed and correlated with other established measures ( n = 366 participants). Results: A unidimensional structure was found for the 19-item English Wakefulness Inventory, WAKE-19 and for the 16-item German WAKE-16. The scale is reliable with a significant difference between the general population and the group of awakened participants. Correlations with other measures indicate construct validity. Conclusions: This study provides further evidence for the existence of wakefulness as a state of being, distinct from the usual or ordinary state of adult waking consciousness and a valid and reliable instrument for future research.
Unpacking the Meaning of Closeness, Reconsidering the Concept of Impact in Suicide Exposure, and Expanding Beyond Bereavement: “Just, I Hope You Don’t Forget About Us”
Authors: Sanford Rebecca L. , Frey Laura M. , Thind Neetika , Butcher Brock , Maple Myfanwy
Published: August 2023

Suicide exposure research has relied on samples of treatment-seeking kin, resulting in an attachment-based model centering bereavement as the most significant form of impact and obscuring other forms of significant and life-altering impact. From a community-based sample ( N = 3010) exposed to suicide, we examine a subset ( n = 104) with perceived high impact from the death yet low reported closeness to the person who died and analyze qualitative comments ( n = 50). On average and out of 5.00, participants rated closeness as 1.56 but impact of death as 4.51. We illustrate dimensions of low closeness and identify themes on the meaning of impact: impact through society and systemic circumstances, impact through history and repeated exposure, impact through other people, impact as a motivator for reflection or change, and impact through shared resonance. Participants reported impact of death as significant or devastating, yet none of their comments reflected experiences typical of bereavement.
Transforming our world? Strengthening animal rights and animal welfare at the United Nations
Authors: Schapper Andrea , Bliss Cebuan
Published: August 2023

In this article, we argue that animal rights and welfare are largely neglected at the United Nations (UN) and in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The UN Sustainability Agenda is not transformative because it lacks a serious (re-)consideration of the relationship between human beings, non-human animals and other components of nature. We propose four ways to strengthen animal rights and animal welfare at the UN: (1) we suggest creating a UN organisation working on animal protection, (2) we support earlier ideas to include an additional SDG on animal welfare in the UN Sustainability Agenda, (3) we propose to strengthen animals rights within the rights of nature framework using the UN as a forum to advance non-anthropocentric norms, (4) we recommend introducing procedural rights for animals in projects linked to SDG funding. Our research is based on an integrative literature review and a document analysis of UN documents, declarations and resolutions.
Examining the Presence, Frequency, and Associated Characteristics of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury by Proxy: Initial Validation of the Nonsuicidal Self-Injury by Proxy Questionnaire (NSSIBPQ)
Authors: Mann Adam J. D. , Tull Matthew T. , Gratz Kim L.
Published: August 2023

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) by proxy is the intentional destruction of one’s own body tissue through the elicitation of another being’s actions. Despite its clinical relevance, research on NSSI by proxy is limited and there are no available measures of this behavior. This research aimed to characterize NSSI by proxy among young adults and provide preliminary data on the validity of a new self-report measure, the NSSI by Proxy Questionnaire (NSSIBPQ). Two nationwide community samples of young adults (one general community sample and one with a history of traditional NSSI and suicidality) completed online studies. NSSI by proxy was reported by 18% of the general community sample and 45% of the self-injuring sample. Findings support the clinical relevance of NSSI by proxy and its potential to meet criteria for an NSSI disorder diagnosis. Results also provide preliminary support for the internal consistency and convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity of the NSSIBPQ.
On the mechanical properties and vibrational characteristics of the nanoparticle-reinforced composite cylindrical panels in the acidic environment: Numerical and experimental investigation
Authors: Alinia Maysam , Saber-Samandari Saeed , Sadough Vanini Seyyed Ali
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of nano-clay and nano-silica particles on the vibrational characteristics of composite cylindrical panels in corrosive environments. In this context, due to the presence of diluted sulfuric acid as the corrosive solution, the coupling effects of material degradation and hygroscopic loading on the natural frequencies are taken into consideration. In order to achieve this, it is first explored through experiment how adding nanoparticles affects the coefficient of hygroscopic expansion of the glass/epoxy specimens. Using this coefficient, the in-plane loading caused by corrosive solution is then applied in the equations. The mechanical properties and hygroscopic expansion coefficients of the composite samples exposed to the corrosive environment are first determined by certain experimental testing. The equations of motion are derived using the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT), and the vibration problem is solved using the generalized differential quadrature (GDQ) technique. Investigation is conducted into the effects of various nanoparticles, immersion time, geometrical elements, and boundary conditions on the natural frequencies of the cylindrical panels. It is found that adding nanoparticles can significantly improve the mechanical properties, the corrosion resistance, and the natural frequencies of composites in which the nano-clay is more effective. For example, adding nano-clay and nano-silica particles, respectively, results in 32.32% and 26.29% increase in elasticity modulus of reinforced glass/epoxy composite. In addition, 12.71% and 47.32% improvements are observed in the natural frequency of the nano-clay reinforced composite panel before and after 90 days of immersion in sulfuric acid. In comparison, the nano-silica particles are responsible for 7.80% and 23.03% increase in natural frequency before and after immersion time.
Preparation of polystyrene/EVA/CaCO3 microspheres using a novel one-pot method via a phase inversion emulsion process
Authors: Li Chun , Duan Li , Fan Jinlong , Duan Yufeng , Sun Zhanying , Fu Zhaoxia , Ma Jinsong , Xie Xiaoxue
Published: August 2023

The polymer/nano-inorganics composite microsphere possesses excellent application prospects, but it is difficult to resolve the problem of the aggregation of nano-inorganic particles in polymer and the affinity between inorganics and polymer matrix. In this study, the preparation and characterization of polystyrene (PS)/ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA)/CaCO3 microspheres fabricated via a novel phase inversion emulsion process are described. By this one-pot method, the PS/EVA/CaCO3 microspheres are obtained by firstly converting styrene monomer containing EVA and nano CaCO3 into droplets dispersed in water with help of emulsifiers and a following polymerization. Because the inorganic nanoparticles are ultrasonically dispersed in liquid monomer mixture before the polymerization, the aggregation of nano-inorganic particles could be prevented to a great extent. The EVA is designed to enhance toughness of polystyrene matrix and increase the affinity between polymer and inorganic particles. The morphological structure of PS/EVA/CaCO3 microspheres is that nano CaCO3 particles are embedded both in the interior and on the surface of the microspheres. The micro-sized PS/EVA/CaCO3 microspheres showed a significantly improved mechanical property and a better heat resistance. This technique also offers the possibility for fabricating many kinds of new and useful polymer/inorganic microspheres with tailored performance by using special monomers and inorganic particles.
Waste metrics in the framework of circular economy
Authors: Voukkali Irene , Papamichael Iliana , Loizia Pantelitsa , Lekkas Demetris F , Rodríguez-Espinosa Teresa , Navarro-Pedreño Jose , Zorpas Antonis A
Published: August 2023

There are several sustainability issues that the linear economy of today’s society cannot adequately tackle (i.e. resource depletion, waste treatment, etc.). As a result, the scientific community and policymakers give high priority to the implementation of the circular economy concept. The sustainable development goals of the United Nations are in line with the European Union’s (EU) commitment to a smooth transition to a circular economy. Circular business models require a shift in technical elements involving R strategies to replace traditional business models (i.e. reuse, reduce, recycle, etc.). Monitoring circular economy to provide quantifiable, measurable data is necessary for a successful transition. Monitoring tools (i.e. Key Performance Indicators, quality protocols) enable decision-makers to measure circular economy performance and identify circularity’s advantages and disadvantages. To stimulate the adoption of a circularity model addressing critical issues of excessive waste production and resource use, this mini review aims to address the literature gap of waste metrics in the framework of circular economy and offer insights on circular economy indicators to aid for a seamless transition to a more sustainable society. For this purpose, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis method was chosen to assess literature. The authors collected and analysed data from 101 records, 70 articles and 31 reports related to the topic under consideration. Through the literature review, it is obvious that moving away from linear production model frequently leads to the development of new internal capabilities along the value chain and, eventually, high efficiency that reduces costs, increasing productivity, encourages brand names, minimizes threats, creates new products and fulfils regulations and green consumer expectations.
Economic Abuse and Help-Seeking Intentions Among Adolescents
Authors: Scott Sarah E. , Lavage Danielle R. , Risser Lauren , Gonzalez Bockinski Sarah , Miller Elizabeth , Ragavan Maya I.
Published: August 2023

Economic adolescent relationship abuse (ARA) includes coercive behaviors leading to interference with education, employment, and finances. To date, no study has examined help seeking among adolescents and young adults if they were to experience economic ARA. The goals of this article include examining: (a) help-seeking intentions of adolescents regarding economic ARA; (b) help-seeking sources and reasons for not seeking help; and (c) differences in help-seeking intentions based on age, race/ethnicity, gender identity, and experiences of economic ARA. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of adolescents ages 13–19 focused on economic ARA experiences and help seeking. We performed descriptive statistics of help-seeking intentions, sources, and barriers. We utilized logistic regression, adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, and gender identity, to explore associations between economic ARA victimization and help-seeking intentions. Of 2,852 participants, 56% said they would seek help for economic ARA. Adolescents with positive help-seeking intentions shared that they would seek help from their parents (43%) or friends (35%). Those less likely to seek help were concerned about others finding out (32%), not being believed (31%), or authority figures being notified (31%). Help-seeking intentions were lower among Black/African American adolescents (aOR = 0.55, CI [0.43, 0.70]) and Multiracial adolescents (aOR = 0.26, CI [0.16, 0.42]) compared to White adolescents. Help-seeking intentions were higher among gender diverse adolescents (aOR = 5.78, CI [2.98, 11.22]) and those ages 15–17 years (aOR = 1.84, CI [1.36, 2.47]) compared to those identifying as female and ages 18–19 years. Help-seeking intentions were lower among adolescents who experienced economic ARA (aOR = 0.61, CI [0.51, 0.72]). While the majority of adolescents reported that they would seek help if they experienced economic ARA, those who had experienced economic ARA were less likely to report intentions to seek help. Supportive interventions for adolescents experiencing economic ARA are needed.
Polymer-ceramic composites for bone challenging applications: Materials and manufacturing processes
Authors: Monia Trimeche , Ridha Ben Cheikh
Published: August 2023

The continuous advancement of bone restoration technologies is crucial for the creation of innovative materials that possess enhanced functional and technological capabilities. One promising area of research focuses on the development of composite materials combining polymers and ceramics for bone regeneration. These materials offer several advantages over traditional bone grafting materials, including the ability to be customized to meet the specific needs of individual patients and a reduced risk of disease transmission. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the development of polymer-ceramic biomaterials with improved capacities for bone regeneration. This progress has primarily concentrated on enhancing mechanical properties, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. The objective of this overview is to present the latest advancements in composite ceramic polymers used for bone regeneration, encompassing the corresponding manufacturing processes as well as the materials employed in these biomaterials.
Effect of friction stir welding parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of the dissimilar alloys of AZ91D and AA7075
Authors: Mehdi Husain , Jain Sumit , Salah Abdellah Nait , Singh Abhendra P , Chawla Sumit
Published: August 2023

Friction stir welding is an efficient joining process for light metal alloys, offering benefits such as high joint efficiency and reduced grain sizes. This work is to investigate the process parameters that can improve the welding quality and reduce the brittle intermetallic compounds, including Al3Mg2 (β) and Al12Mg17 (γ) in the welded region. It was perceived that the process parameters influenced the morphological characteristics and input heat, thereby affecting the materialization of intermetallic compounds. The primary diffraction peaks of both Al and Mg were present in all the joints. Two specific intermetallic phases, Al3Mg2 and Al12Mg17, were formed as a result of the diffusion of Al and Mg atoms during welding. These intermetallic compounds were found in all the joints. The Al12Mg17 phase, when mixed with the Mg phase, tended to migrate towards the weld surface where the AZ91D plate was positioned. This migration might lead to constitutional liquation, which refers to the melting of specific phases during solidification, resulting in the materialization of eutectic microstructures. The highest ultimate tensile strength (UTS) value of 116.64 MPa was achieved with a rotational tool speed of 800 r/min and a traverse speed of 20 mm/min. On the other hand, the lowest UTS value of 68.32 MPa was observed with a rotational tool speed of 400 r/min and a traverse speed (TS) of 20 mm/min. It was noted that lower UTS values were associated with the materialization of dense layers of intermetallic compounds (Al12Mg17 and Mg + Al12Mg17) in the stir zone when using lower rotational tool speed and TS. It suggests that improper processing parameters can lead to the materialization of intermetallic compound in the stir zone, which subsequently decreases the mechanical properties of the weldments.
An analytical narrative of the Day of Dupes
Authors: Crettez Bertrand , Deloche Régis , Tallec Ronan
Published: August 2023

On November, 11th, 1630, Queen Marie de’ Medici demanded, in vain, that her son, King Louis XIII, dismiss Richelieu as Principal Minister. Historians agree that this crisis known as the Journée des Dupes ( the Day of the Dupes) was the true foundation stone of French “absolutism”, but they disagree about whether the decision made by the Queen was rational. We analyze the historical setting of the crisis from a game theory viewpoint where the King and the Queen are two players. We consider two assumptions regarding the King and the Queen’s cognitive skills. On the one hand, we assume that both the King and the Queen are perfectly rational. On the other hand, we assume that they both have limited cognitive skills (that is, they are level- k players). In this last case we propose a definition of naivety and we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the Queen to be naive. We then study the Nash equilibrium when both the King and the Queen are perfectly rational as well as the behavioral theoretical solution of the game when they have limited cognitive skills. We rely on this study to propose an analytical narrative of the Journées des Dupes. We conclude that what we know of the historical facts does not allow us to reject the assumption that the Queen was perfectly rational, or, if she was not, that she had not been naive.
Collaborative Service-Learning: Sharing Music in a Preschool Classroom
Authors: Bailey Erin , Knell Emilee
Published: August 2023

The benefits of service-learning experiences for preservice undergraduate students are well-documented. However, the perspectives of in-service teachers and their students are not commonly presented in the literature. There is a need for more research examining the impact of service-learning experiences on all stakeholders. The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the perspectives of preservice undergraduate students, a local preschool teacher, and her preschool students as they shared musical experiences in a collaborative service-learning model. We found that the preschoolers enjoyed music lessons and were able to recall specific musical concepts. Preservice undergraduates expanded their teacher identity, confidence, and flexibility, but still did not feel like experts. The preschool teacher expanded her ability to provide musically rich experiences to her preschoolers but reported challenges with lesson planning. We conclude with implications for university supervisors and researchers interested in creating equitable service-learning opportunities.