bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Virtual process modeling technologies based on imitation-variability in technical higher education institutions
Authors: Obidov J.G.
Published: December 2023

In this article, the scientific significance of modeling technologies of virtual processes on the basis of imitation-variation is revealed, the technology of modeling educational materials through imitation-variation on the basis of technologies for independent education in the educational process of higher technical education, the problems of formation and pedagogical activities of the educational process the development methodology is illustrated on the example of organizing independent education. Keywords: modeling of virtual processes on the basis of imitation-variation, educational technologies, modeling, methodology of technology pedagogical activity development, virtual process, pedagogical skills.
Integrating environmental education in training regimens
Authors: Allamuratov Shuhratulla , Umarov Djamshid , Akbarov Ahmadjon , Uraimov Sanjar
Published: December 2023

The article examines the effectiveness of incorporating environmental education and sustainability practices into the training regimens of 'belt wrestling' wrestlers. Experimental data reveals the development of stable equilibrium under rotational movements, primarily conducted during static and dynamic efforts. The analysis explores how the intersection of environmental education and physical training can enhance the performance and longevity of these athletes. Keywords. Environmental Education, Static and Dynamic Efforts, Wrestling 'belt wrestling', Sustainability in Sports, Balance Maintenance, Vestibular System, Motor Skills
Cluster as the basis for creating an innovative educational product
Authors: Fayzullaeva Nilufar
Published: December 2023

The article reveals the basics of the strategy of modernization of the education system. At the present stage of its reform, they are aimed at increasing the competitiveness of educational institutions in the educational services market, at creating maximum accessibility and openness of education for the population and business. They should be carried out within the framework of innovations, taking into account the main directions of the socio-economic development of the republic, the implementation of priority areas of state policy in the field of education.
Energy-efficient internal audit for IT-risks in municipal facilities and environmental technologies
Authors: Kharisova Firdaus , Еfimova Olga , Sabirova Aigyl , Umarov Husan , Dashin Andrej
Published: December 2023

In this study, the authors analyze the contemporary factors within the external environment that impact the operation of municipal facilities and environmental technology endeavors, provided special emphasis to energy management and sustainability. The main goal of this research is to tailor the internal audit system to accommodate the evolving external landscape in the realm of municipal facilities and environmental technologies, ultimately advancing its efficiency. Employing a blend of analytical and synthetic techniques, along with logical and systematic approaches, the authors combine traditional internal audit methodologies with process-based management in the context of energy-efficient municipal facilities and environmental technologies. Notably, the focus of this investigation centers on addressing IT risks, which are deemed among the most consequential yet under-addressed components within the internal audit system, mainly due to the novelty of this trend in this sector. This study delves into the outcomes of an extensive exploration of IT risks, encompassing their classification and the categorization of information system and information technology risks, all of which are detailed in this article. Additionally, the research introduces a comprehensive methodology for conducting internal audits of IT risks within the sphere of municipal facilities and environmental technologies. Finally, it provides insight into the results of testing and the implementation of this methodology within a substantial municipal facility, shedding light on its practical applicability in this context.
Diode-capacitor voltage divider for electrostatic microelectromechanical generator
Authors: Dragunov Valery , Ostertak Dmitriy , Sinitskiy Rodion , Kuznetsov Maksim , Dragunova Evgeniya
Published: December 2023

The simulation results of the voltage divider operation based on switchable capacitors with diode switching for electrostatic microelectromechanical (MEM) generators are presented. It has been established that for the divider with diode-switched capacitors, the voltage dividing coefficient is not remain the same when the load resistance changes, and for higher load resistances, the load voltage asymptotically approaches the value of the power source. Analytical expressions have been obtained for estimating the parameters of the divider with diode switching, which allow evaluating its characteristics at the preliminary stage of the MEM generator design. It has been shown that the simulation of the diode-capacitor voltage divider operation has to be carried out taking into account the dynamic volt-ampere characteristics of diodes.
Development of an AIS to improve management of energy distribution at enterprise
Authors: Boyko Andrei , Gorodishcheva Anna , Melnikova Elena , Fedorova Natalya , Gladkov Alexey
Published: December 2023

This paper considers the possibility of implementing an automated information system at the enterprise, to manage the distribution of energy. Also considered are the problems that will be aimed at solving the implementation of AIS of this type, as well as established requirements for the developed system, functional requirements and proposed some schemes of options for the use of the system, which should ensure the optimal use of electricity in production.
Optimization models of repair periods of electrical equipment of self-propelled rolling stock, according to its technical condition
Authors: Fayzibaev Sherzod , Muxammedova Ziyoda , Raxmiddinov Izzatillo
Published: December 2023

Efficient use of self-propelled rolling stock (SRS) used in the installation and repair of the contact network and track circuit, only from the use of the latest technology and installations in it, but also from an increase in the reliability of each piece of SPE - (self-propelled equipment). The development and widespread introduction of technical diagnostic systems is one of the most important factors in increasing the reliability of equipment efficiency and a sharp reduction in the cost of its operation. It is known that the annual total cost of maintenance of self-propelled rolling stock continues to increase as the network of electrified railways expands. The solution to this problem is possible by increasing the operational and structural reliability and the widespread use of modern methods and technical diagnostic tools during their operation. Currently, the mechanical and electrical parts of the SRS are actually operated without diagnostic tools, therefore, without information about their actual state.
Features of bismuth telluride based ternary alloys for thermoelectric applications
Authors: Diuldin Maksim , Kasimaxunova Anarkhan , Cheremisin Alexey , Latipova Mukhayyo , Tseiko Vitaly , Rud Sergey , Tseiko Leisan , Vatin Nikolay , Krasnoshchekov Viktor , Rud Vasily , Semenova Natalia
Published: December 2023

The presented article provides a comparative analysis of the methods of manufacturing technology for semiconductor branches of p- and n-type conductivity. For comparative analysis, a method is considered for obtaining ternary alloys based on the Bi2Te3 base material by pressing and zone melting. The sequence of the manufacturing process, the principles of operation and design of devices used to obtain alloyed substances, as well as methods for studying and measuring the electrophysical parameters of the thermoelement legs included in the assembled thermopile are described. The principles of automatic temperature control of an electric furnace by a two-position method are indicated. The advantages of the zone melting method are determined and the best values of the figure of merit of a thermoelectric material are shown. It is proved that the original values of the parameters of the branches are preserved after they are assembled into a battery.
Secondary ultrasonic atomisation mechanisms
Authors: Kudryashova Olga , Shalunov Andrey , Titov Sergey , Dorovskikh Roman , Nesterov Viktor
Published: December 2023

Liquid atomisation is the basis for various practical applications such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food industry, etc. In this case, the main challenge is the development of high-performance, highly dispersed atomisation systems. Generally, high-throughput atomisation systems form aerosol with large droplet sizes, and high-disperse atomisation systems have low performance. Secondary ultrasonic atomisation can solve this problem by allowing non-contact crushing of already formed aerosol droplets with large droplet sizes by means of a high-intensity ultrasonic field. For this purpose, a pre-generated stream of liquid droplets is directed into a cylindrical region formed by an emitter in which a high-intensity ultrasonic field is generated. Ultrasonic radiator, is a tube of stepped-variable cross-section, providing the formation of bending-diametral or diametral oscillations at a frequency above 20 kHz. At sufficiently high ultrasound intensity, conditions for further crushing of liquid droplets are realised, which leads to the formation of a highly dispersed aerosol. This paper describes the proposed mathematical model of the atomisation process and finds the regularities of the process depending on the determining parameters of the ultrasonic field and physical and chemical properties of the liquid. Two mechanisms of jet destruction are revealed: direct destruction of droplets when they hit the ultrasonic wave front and cavitation mechanism of droplet and jet destruction. The dominant crushing mechanism depends on the problem parameters and, in turn, determines the minimum size of the resulting droplets. The results of this work will help to optimise the secondary ultrasonic atomisation process and improve liquid atomisation technologies in various applications.
Activation of bentonite and palygorskite adsorbents by acid under microwave radiation
Authors: Salikhanova Dilnoza , Sagdullaeva Dilafruz , Ismoilova Muhtasar , Ruzmetova Dildora , Sadullaeva Maftuna , Karabayeva Muslima , Kadirova Nafisakhon
Published: December 2023

The problem of wastewater treatment, since the second half of the 20th century, is relevant for all countries of the world. There are quite a few purification methods, however, adsorption methods are simple and effective methods of water purification. The advantages of these methods are high efficiency, the possibility of treating wastewater containing several substances, as well as the recovery of these substances. Active carbons, synthetic sorbents and some production wastes (ash, slag, flask, sawdust), mineral sorbents - clays, silica gels, alumogels and metal hydroxides are used as sorbents. The research illustrates the possibility of acid activation of bentonite and palygorskite clays using microwave radiation. It has been established that the microwave activation of bentonite leads to the destruction of the structure, the expansion of the surface and the change in the pore structure, which affects the textural characteristics. The concentration values of hydroxyl groups indicate the presence of surface active sites that can participate in adsorption. The results were presented as tables and as a graph.
Tribotechnical characteristics of polyamide PA 6 with additives of molybdenum disulfide and graphite
Authors: Biryukov Vladimir , Yakubovsky Anton
Published: December 2023

The paper presents the results of tribotechnical tests of polyamide PA 6 with additives of molybdenum disulfide and graphite in comparison with nitrile butadiene rubber, BNC rubber. The influence of the surface roughness of a 40X steel counter-tile on the friction coefficients from pressure is considered and the jamming loads from the sliding speed are determined. The tests were carried out on a friction machine with a vertical axis of rotation of the spindle according to the “plane-ring” scheme when the friction pair was lubricated with MGE-10A hydraulic oil. The test loads and sliding speeds were changed stepwise. It has been found that with a decrease in the surface roughness of samples of polymer materials, the friction coefficients decrease. Samples with graphite additives had the best indicators for reducing the coefficient of friction from pressure, followed by samples with molybdenum disulfide and PA 6 without additives. The bully resistance of graphite samples is 2 times higher than that of BNC samples. The samples with molybdenum disulfide were slightly inferior to the samples with graphite, but were better than PA 6.
Study of phthalic anhydride and glycerol polycondensation
Authors: Prudnikova E.A. , Maksimov P.P.
Published: December 2023

In the article, the basic physical and chemical properties of polymers based on glyphthalic resin are considered. The main advantages and disadvantages are revealed. The areas of application and the main methods for obtaining glyphthalic resins are considered. The research on studying the course of the polycondensation process on the change of acid number during the reaction of obtaining glyphthalic resin of polyatomic alcohol of glycerol and phthalic acid anhydride is carried out. It is revealed that the results of acid number determination during polycondensation can be used for directed regulation of synthesis of alkyd oligomers and their subsequent curing to obtain a polymer with specified properties. The data was obtained that the polymer under study can be further modified to give special properties that extend the area of its application, as well as to ensure the environmental safety of the waste generated during its use. On the basis of the available data, it is concluded that further research of glyphthalic resin is necessary.
The concept of sustainable transportation and unmanned railway technologies: the EAEU experience
Authors: Drozdova Maria , Pokrovskaya Oksana , Nikiforova Guzel
Published: December 2023

The article attempts to critically assess the current regulatory framework in the field of unmanned technologies through the prism of the concept of sustainable transportation in the EAEU. The main trends in the development of unmanned technologies in transportation are identified. Using the example of the Russian railway transportation, the key technical and technological aspects of the operation of unmanned systems, which need a primary mechanism of regulation, are shown. The study shows that the effectiveness of high-level automation technologies directly depends on adequate normative and technical regulation and legal basis for ensuring safety issues and regulating responsibility at the interstate level. The authors consider it advisable to apply a test procedure for the use of unmanned technologies at the initial stage of operation, as well as to create “regulatory sandboxes” before the mass operation of unmanned vehicles. The development of international legal regulation of unmanned transport will become a driver for the realization of Russia’s transit potential, especially in the context of de-globalization trends in the world economy and anti-Russian sanctions.
Analysis of the requirements for microaccelerations and the design appearance of a small spacecraft for technological purposes
Authors: Taneeva A.S.
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the possibility of implementing gravity-sensitive technological processes on board a small technological spacecraft. The requirements for microaccelerations imposed by the physical features of the flow of gravitation-sensitive processes are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of using small spacecraft for space technologies are analyzed. The design image of a small spacecraft for technological purposes is presented.
Analysis of the movement of an empty car on the longitudinal profile of the hill
Authors: Saidivaliev Shukhrat , Sattorov Samandar , Juraeva Diyora
Published: December 2023

At present, in the existing methods for determining the height of a hump, the height is calculated based on the most difficult conditions - winter temperature and head wind, and a four-axle empty covered wagon is selected for a poor runner. Based on the basic law of dynamics (D’Alembert’s principle) as applied to weak links and the use of analytical formulas in the article, the calculation of the kinematic parameters of the movement of cars in the braking zone of the section of the first braking position of the hump is carried out. A sorting hump 3.08 m high is considered, for a four-axle empty covered wagon the winter temperature is -100, the headwind speed is 5 m/s m. When calculating the height of the marshalling yard, it is necessary to take the technical characteristics of a four-axle empty gondola car as a poor runner, since the headwind also acts inside the gondola car and prevents the car from rolling down the hill. It is recommended to study the effect of a headwind on a four-axle empty gondola car.
Development of enhanced method for planning train locomotives ready to operate the next day
Authors: Masharipov Masud , Gulamov Abdulaziz , Rasulov Marufdjan , Suyunbayev Shinpolat , Adilova Nazdana , Rasulmukhammedov Mukhammadaziz
Published: December 2023

A series of methods for planning the use of train locomotives has been developed. However, existing scientific research does not clearly specify how the arrival and departure times of freight trains are determined in train schedules, and locomotives are assigned to trains based on the condition of “Locomotive waits for train”. This article proposes a methodology for determining the average time of stay for train locomotives and trains at the boundaries of train sidings for all scenarios ranging from the condition of “Train waits for locomotive” to “Locomotive waits for train”. The EGM program has been developed and created for calculating the fleet of freight locomotives based on the graphical movement time of trains, and an enhanced method for planning the effective use of train locomotives has been developed based on minimizing the downtime of rolling stock within the boundaries of towing sidings.
Distribution of demand for transport using artificial intelligence methods
Authors: Muhamediyeva D.T. , Samijonov B.N. , Samijonov A.N. , Baxtiyorov Sh.B. , Alimbayev K.V.
Published: December 2023

Enhancing the caliber of efforts in advancing transportation infrastructure, re-evaluating antiquated standards during the integration of contemporary information and communication technologies, ameliorating benchmarks and quality to align with global standards, assuring the security, acceptance, dependability, and endurance of transportation services, refining infrastructure, implementing adaptable tariffs and initiating novel and promising routes, the digitalization of the transportation system, and satisfying the entire gamut of demands for urban passenger transportation necessitate a range of targeted activities. The article illustrates an analytical scrutiny of optimization approaches. The peculiarity of their utilization is expounded, along with their advantages and disadvantages.
Analysis of modern energy strategies for the development of marine passenger transport
Authors: Selivanov Victor , Kazak Anatoliy , Sergeeva Elena , Kushkhova Zalina , Ryvkina Olga , Posoelova Sofia
Published: December 2023

The paper discusses the features of modern energy strategies for the development of marine passenger transport, based on global development trends by analyzing the dynamics of the global cruise industry market. The energy strategy of the cruise product as a set of services is presented in the form of three main subsystems:: services offered on board the ship, services consumed by tourists on shore, and services related to the promotion and sale of the cruise product and assistance to passengers in the process of organizing a transport trip. The main directions of analysis of the cruise business and its constituent elements are determined. It has been established that the competitiveness of the cruise market depends not only on the share occupied by one or another company on it, but also on indicators characterizing the efficiency of the functioning of any economic system, the main of which are: the level of income received as a result of entrepreneurial activity, the number of employees, employed in this line of business, and their level of labor productivity.
Application of convolutional networks of the YOLO architecture for calculating free parking spaces in an arbitrary parking lot
Authors: Alekhina Anna , Korolev Pavel , Dorrer Mikhail
Published: December 2023

The paper describes the solution of the problem of automatic fixation of the availability of free parking spaces in parking lots based on the video stream of the surveillance camera. The problem was solved using a combination of the YOLOv7 model for detecting objects of interest of the “car” type, trained on a specially created training sample and grouping of objects using the k-means algorithm. The proposed solution has shown satisfactory accuracy and suitability for practical use in conditions of significant optical interference – daily light fluctuations and precipitation for calculating free parking spaces by the model without retraining it for various parking lots
To the efficiency of locomotives of electric tractions on a hilly of section of the railway track
Authors: Ablyalimov O.
Published: December 2023

The article provides a rationale for the kinematic parameters of the movement of freight trains with masses different and the energy efficiency parameters of 3VL80S electric locomotives on a virtual hilly section of the railway. In order to implement this justification, a method of graphically integrating the differential equation of train motion is used, which is the basis of the algorithm for performing traction calculations for the movement of the freight trains under study without stoppings at an intermediate station. Kinematic parameters of the movement of freight trains and energy efficiency indicators of 3VL80S electric locomotives are obtained in the form of tabular data and regression equations according to their definition on railway sections with the second type of track profile, which can be used in predicting and normalizing the consumption of electrical energy for traction of trains. The research results are recommended for implementation into work by specialists of the locomotive depots operation workshop of «Uzbekistan Temir Yollari» JSC.
The conceptual role of leadership in project management
Authors: Fokina Olga , Ivanovskaya Zhanna , Mottaeva Angela , Khubaev Alan
Published: December 2023

The critical role of leadership in project management is the focal point of this comprehensive literature review. The objective of this article is to delve into the depth and breadth of how leadership significantly influences the myriad stages of project management, ranging from initiation and planning to execution and monitoring. Drawing on a wide range of theoretical perspectives, the article begins by establishing the conceptual understanding of leadership within project management. Following this, we explore the varied competencies that underpin effective project leadership, with particular emphasis on technical skills, interpersonal prowess, strategic thinking, and decision-making abilities. The investigation extends into the impact of different leadership styles—transformational, transactional, and situational—on project outcomes. To substantiate these theoretical perspectives, a collection of case studies is explored, which highlights both successful project leadership strategies and instances where leadership shortcomings have led to project failures. A significant section of this review is devoted to the challenges project leaders often confront, and the best practices they can adopt for overcoming these hurdles. This section also underscores the importance of nurturing future project leaders and the role of training and development programs in enhancing leadership skills within a project management context. The article concludes with recommendations for integrating leadership development into project management practices and discusses the implications for organizations and project management professionals. This literature review seeks to illuminate the profound impact of leadership on project management and highlight the need for further research and practical emphasis on this critical intersection.
Selection of sources of financing for an emerging networked systems based on mathematical analysis
Authors: Eremeev Dmitriy , Stupina Alena , Martynova Tatyana , Zolotareva Galina , Bondarev Aleksandr
Published: December 2023

The use of approaches and methods of mathematical analysis to the selection and justification of sources of financing for an emerging networked systems is an important and urgent task. The approach presented in the paper is based on a system of equations that allow determining the optimal capital structure necessary to finance an innovative project. This system of equations, using methods of mathematical analysis, provides the best effect of financial leverage. The use of this methodology in the activities of commercial organizations is a modern practical tool necessary for the effective functioning of the control support system.
Model for assessing risks and threats to socio-economic development of the region and their impact on economic growth
Authors: Buyanova Marina , Averina Irina , Horuzhaya Elena
Published: December 2023

Modern conditions of functioning of economic systems of various (macro-, meso- and micro) levels set new tasks, risks and threats to the state, which require their solution, minimization, prevention or leveling of consequences. The purpose of this study is to consider the reaction of economies and state authorities to the current digital transformation of regional economic systems. The study of conditions that positively or negatively affect the meso-economic space of the country will help to establish the most significant of the factors that determine the ability to internalize the potential of current changes and strengthen their own competitive positions with their help. Also, this study helps to identify the “pain” points of the regions, which reflect the problems in the adaptation of the country’s entities to digital dynamics, as well as to determine the directions of their solution and/or minimize the damage from the possible consequences of the implementation of threats. This, in turn, will create opportunities for regional authorities and other economic entities to adjust and coordinate their joint efforts to achieve the necessary indicators of economic growth of the regional economy. Achievement of the necessary values of indicators, in particular, will testify to the effective functioning of economic and institutional aspects of economic management.
Economic efficiency of implementing robotic solutions and their impact on the ecology of the region
Authors: Zagazezheva Oksana , Bzhikhatlov Kantemir , Krai Karina , Khadzhieva Mariyam
Published: December 2023

The relevance of creating a system of robotic plant protection is due to the need to preserve the planned yield and increase its competitiveness in the conditions of food security of the country and the region. Taking into account the decrease in the number of specialists and staff shortage in agriculture, related, among other things, to heavy physical work, the issue of transition to unmanned technologies in crop production becomes important. The paper describes the concept of an intelligent distributed system of robotic plant protection. The presented concept implies the creation of a multi-agent system consisting of autonomous mobile robots for various purposes: monitoring of crop condition, application of active substances (fertilisers and pesticides) and supplying the system with chemicals and energy. In addition, the paper describes the structure of autonomous mobile robots included in the plant protection system. The algorithm of the system operation is described, in particular, the question of full automation of the process of data collection and application of necessary chemicals to plantings is considered. The described system is based on the concept of “smart field”, when the main focus of agrotechnical operations from the whole field is switched to each individual plant. The use of a multi-agent system and open data exchange protocols will allow the proposed system to be easily scalable, and minor modifications to some of the autonomous robots included in the system will allow them to work with other crops. In addition, the article provides an economic assessment of the effectiveness of the introduction of such intelligent plant protection systems on the example of the introduction of an autonomous robot for monitoring and protection of maize crops.
Digital tools for managing the economic security of a depressed region
Authors: Balog Michael , Babkin Alexander , Shkarupeta Elena
Published: December 2023

This publication is a theoretical work which aims at exploring the possibilities of using digital tools to manage the economic security of a depressed region. To achieve the stated aim, the following methods were used: analysis, synthesis, abstraction, systematization and structuring of information. We also used integrated, comparative, functional and cause-and-effect methods. The object of this publication is a depressed region. The subject of the study is digital tools that can be used to manage economic security at the regional level. The study showed that one of the key threats to the economic security of a depressed region is the consistently low values of indicators of social and economic development. It was determined that the use of digital tools can improve the condition of a depressed region in the following areas: the formation of high-quality human capital; development of remote employment in a depressed region; creation of new jobs in a depressed region; digitalization of clusters to increase the competitiveness of companies in a depressed region; creation of a digital ecosystem for managing the economic security of a depressed region.
The use of Artificial Intelligence technologies in building business architectures within the framework of the “green economy”
Authors: Lukashina Elena V. , Lukashin Alexandr V. , Bezrukov Valery I.
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the forms of using artificial intelligence technologies in the study of business architectures in the context of the development of a “green” economy. The authors suggest using various business platforms for the development of a “green” economy. The article proves that with the help of artificial intelligence, it is possible, within the framework of sustainable development, to effectively involve business in solving problems of optimizing and greening economic processes in order to save energy resources and the environment.
Sustainable economy: strategies and indicators of post-global transition
Authors: Ushakov Denis , Israilova Elima , Ivanova Daria , Malishevskaya Natalia , Shatila Khodor
Published: December 2023

The paper contains the author’s definition of a sustainable economy as a concept of post-globalism; models of countries’ transition to sustainable economic, taking into account the required institutional and infrastructural transformations of the state regulation of the economy; methodology for assessing the economic stability of states in the dynamics of world economic relations. Paper defines the concept of modernizing the principles of state economic regulation; proves statistically that the geographical factor is a main determinant of the traditional and environmental predictors of capital sustainability; based on the results of comparative analysis of the dynamics of macroeconomic indicators of the world during the pandemic, the adequacy of the authors’ assessment of the economic stability of states is substantiates.
Russian determinants of the development and implementation of a strategy for the growth of national competitiveness
Authors: Albekova Seda
Published: December 2023

The paper examines the conditions and conceptual principles of the strategy for increasing Russia’s competitive advantages in the context of current trends in the world economy, the requirements for ensuring long-term economic progress and the priority of national economic security. A classification of countries was carried out according to the level of their competitiveness, which made it possible to characterize the structure of modern world economic interactions, tactical and strategic guidelines for international competition and public policy; conceptual principles of state policy for increasing competitiveness have been developed, based on the consolidation of the efforts of the state, business and society, differentiation of state policy, which made it possible to highlight practical recommendations for the development of a domestic strategy for increasing competitiveness, taking into account modern trends in the world economy and national interests.
Formation of a management strategy for innovation and investment activities of an enterprise
Authors: Groshev Artem , Solodilov Maxim , Gusev Pavel , Malysheva Anna
Published: December 2023

The influence of single failures on the operation of digital devices is considered. Single events and their classification are considered. A generalized function for ensuring fault tolerance in the design of integrated circuits is introduced. The implementation of these methods is shown on the example of a microprocessor chip.
Formation of supraprofessional competencies for successful professional activity of a bachelor of ecologist
Authors: Pogrebnaya Irina , Mikhailova Svetlana
Published: December 2023

Modern society faces a number of environmental problems, such as environmental pollution, depletion of natural resources and climate change. In this regard, the professional activities of ecologists are becoming more and more in demand and important. However, in order to successfully fulfill their duties and effectively solve environmental problems, a bachelor in ecologist needs to have not only professional knowledge, but also trans-professional competencies . The purpose of the study : this article will consider the formation of supra-professional competencies for the successful professional activity of a bachelor of ecologist. Scientific hypothesis: The formation of trans-professional competencies, such as communication skills, teamwork, analytical thinking and decision-making, the ability to self-organize and self-develop , is a necessary condition for the successful professional activity of a bachelor of ecologist .
Psychological and environmental workplace well-being’s structural model of the university scientific and pedagogical staff
Authors: Filimonyuk Lyudmila , Uzdenova Alina , Alizhanova Khapisat , Demchenko Natalia , Ivashova Valentina
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of the university scientific and pedagogical staff’s survey in the South of Russia (Stavropol Krai, Karachay-Cherkess Republic, and the Republic of Dagestan); it characterizes the level of the workplace environmental well-being. The theoretical model of workplace well-being is developed on the basis of the methodology for assessing psychological and environmental (PE) workplace well-being and updated taking into account modern transformations in the professional activities of scientific and pedagogical staff in the higher education system of Russia. Factor analysis of the results of the survey of 377 persons allowed us to empirically present a structural model that determines the importance of individual factors of PE workplace well-being and substantiate the directions of strategic development in the field of personnel policy of a modern university. The information and analytical base of the research and the current model of PE workplace well-being can be used to develop support programs for different categories of scientific and pedagogical staff of the university. The presented research strategy and methodology for studying the PE workplace well-being of scientific and pedagogical staff makes a theoretical contribution to the improvement of personnel work in the higher education system of Russia.
Innovative teaching models for English general education courses in Chinese universities under the dual carbon goals
Authors: Jiang Baohong , Yang Jinghong , Zhou Zhengping
Published: December 2023

The dual carbon goals is a significant strategy made by Chinese government to promote the initiative of the community with a shared future for humanity and achieve environmental sustainable development. To fulfill this mission, Chinese universities actively integrate the dual carbon goals into various disciplinary subjects, which is considered a crucial responsibility. Among them, the English general courses also bear the responsibility of nurturing environmental awareness and global responsibility of students. This article aims to explore reforms of English general education under the dual carbon goals, focusing on curriculum material revision, instructional process design, the cultivation of practical skills, the integration of research and teaching, and the development of teaching teams. Positive teaching outcomes have been yielded, and the teaching model of “integrating the dual carbon goals with competition-based learning” has been obtained, providing guidance and reference for the reform of general education courses in universities.
Using software to shape safety on the construction site
Authors: Tynchenko V.S. , Kleshko I.I. , Borodulin A.S. , Gantimurov A.P. , Nikolaev S.V.
Published: December 2023

This article discusses the use of construction site safety shaping software to prevent the various hazards that can haunt workers at a construction site. For this purpose, various methods will be considered, among them: PLANRADAR software, which is able to ensure monitoring of all stages of work and prevent many errors; BIM technology, able to show a full-scale model of the project both as a whole and in sections; intelligent camera systems, able to perform analytics and analysis with the help of specialized artificial intelligence and machine learning. As shown, such technologies can increase the level of compliance and safety control at a construction site through constant monitoring of both workers and construction sites. Safety violations are minimized and traumatic situations are prevented before they occur.
Penalty function method for FEM dynamic analysis of trusses with nonlinear multi-node constraints under harmonic load
Authors: Dao Ngoc Tien , Vu Thi Bich Quyen , Giap Van Tan
Published: December 2023

This work introduces the establishment of the FEM model for investigating the dynamic behavior of trusses, subjected to multi-node constraints, under harmonic excitation based on utilizing the method of Penalty function. The technique for treating the nonlinear relationship of multi-node constraints is developed by using the Penalty function to extremum the Hamiltonian augmented potential energy function and to convert the multi-node constrained relation. The method of Newmark integration is utilized to convert dynamic differential equations of a truss system having multi-node boundary constraints subjected to a time-dependent harmonic force to incremental equations. The incremental-iterative algorithm had been developed based on the Newton-Raphson method, used for solving the dynamic incremental equation of motion for the truss system. Utilizing the constructed algorithm, the Matlab program is written to compute the investigated truss system’s internal force-time response and displacement-time response subjected to harmonic load. The advice for choosing the weight value of the Penalty function is proposed based on analyzing numerical results.
Application of digital standards in construction
Authors: Kagan Pavel , Babushkin Evgeniy
Published: December 2023

The article describes the global trend of industrial transition to the concept of “Industry 4.0” and the prerequisites for its influence on the field of industry standardization, in particular construction. The need to reorganize the current standardization system, which does not keep up with the pace of digital development of production, is outlined. The authors analyzed the modern standard-setting system in the construction industry, identified its main problems, which consist in a large volume of requirements for construction products and processes, an outdated approach to standardization in general, as well as a weak and ineffective existing standardization system and the difficulty of harmonizing Russian national standards with international standards. The described problems are relevant today, since right now the standardization system in the Russian construction industry is experiencing a new round of development, the abandonment of the prescriptive and target method of construction regulation and the transition to the parametric method. The study proved that the use of such modern technologies as digital standards (SMART standards) can solve the identified problems in the field of standardization, which in turn will affect the quality and efficiency of the regulatory system in construction.
Refinement of transport’s transverse installation coefficient for composite bridge structures
Authors: Garanzha Igor , Tanasoglo Anton , Pisareva Milena
Published: December 2023

In article calculates the coefficients of transport transverse installation for steel-reinforced concrete bridge structure with the use of off-center compression methodology. Two design models of beam continuous span structure of bridge central part were simulated in the Lira-SAPR software package. Based on the numerical data obtained the coefficients of transport transverse installation (TIC) were determined and the nature of transport temporary mobile load’s distribution between main beams of the bridge was revealed. As a result of research a comparative analysis of transport transverse installation coefficients was accomplished, obtained by theoretical and numerical methods. The research established in contrast to the engineering analysis methodology using the eccentric compression method the most loaded is the middle main beam B4 when four traffic lanes are located across the span. Analysis of main beam using engineering methodology assumes that the bridge deck is loaded with three traffic lanes. Based on results of the spatial model analysis in the LIRA-SAPR software were constructed lines of pressure influence on the outermost (B1) and middle (B4) main beams and for each of them were calculated TICs. In course of comparative analysis it was determined the TIC from the temporary moving load AK-15 for the main outer beam B1, determined using the engineering method of eccentric compression, is on average overestimated by 38.7% compared to TIC determined by the numerical method. The coefficient of performance coefficient from the temporary moving load AK-15 for the main middle beam B4, determined using the engineering method of eccentric compression, is on average underestimated by 11.96% compared to TIC determined by the numerical method.
The influence of environmental and economic turbulence on civil construction in the region
Authors: Pirogova Oksana , Plotnikov Vladimir , Shanygin Sergei
Published: December 2023

This article is devoted to the analysis and forecasting of the development of civil engineering in the region in the context of recurring macro-shocks that create political and economic turbulence. The dynamics of the commercial real estate market in St. Petersburg have been studied. The purpose of the article is to study the influence of various factors (including vacancy levels) on market price indicators and to predict the dynamics of its development. Objectives of the study: analyse office, retail, and warehouse real estate in the city, study the degree of influence of the vacancy rate of objects on the market situation; build a forecast of the dynamics of market development, considering the influence of the dynamics of the share of vacant space; identify market trends in an unstable economic situation. The result of the study is a forecast of the dynamics of development of the commercial real estate market in St. Petersburg and, accordingly, civil construction in this region. Based on regression analysis, factors influencing the dynamics of price indicators for commercial premises were identified. The study confirmed the hypothesis about the connection between the dynamics of commercial real estate market segments and key events in the economy. This suggests the need to identify time stages at which the composition and number of key factors changes. The study shows that different segments of the commercial real estate market react differently to the level of vacancy, which is due to their specific functioning.
Application of a scientific method to the calculation of environmental and economic damage from a brick factory
Authors: Mamas N.N. , Ivanova E.N.
Published: December 2023

The brick factory is located in the village of Gubskaya, Krasnodar Krai. It is engaged in the production of bricks and has a certain impact on the environment. The purpose of the work is to assess the impact on the environment. The location was analyzed, positive and negative sides were noted. The production process is described, the natural and climatic characteristics are analyzed. Environmental and economic damage is calculated. The calculation of the amount of prevented environmental and economic damage from polluted water bodies in the village of Gubskaya, Krasnodar Krai was made.
Using UAV to create digital doubles of reality and BIM
Authors: Gura Dmitry , Gribkova Irina , Berkova Elizaveta , Panyutischeva Anastasia , Pshidatok Saida
Published: December 2023

Computer technology is widely developed and implemented. Many companies use unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to obtain information about buildings and facilities for construction or renovation. The following methods can be used to provide data from UAVs: laser scanning or digital aerial photography. Each of them has its own advantages. The distinctive feature of laser scanning is the high speed of data acquisition and processing, as well as the ability to work at any time, regardless of the light. Digital aerial photography, in its turn, is characterised by high productivity and inexpensive equipment. Given the development of data acquisition and processing methods, the creation of digital copies of buildings and structures has recently become widespread. Today this process has become more accessible and convenient. This article deals with the acquisition of data from unmanned aerial vehicles. A digital twin is a digital copy of an object that is used to realistically represent a physical model. It can be a digital twin of a single object or a global model of processes affecting hundreds of thousands of people. Digital twin technology and BIM-technology are related to each other, but have a number of features that distinguish them from each other. The article compares information modelling and the technology of creating a digital twin of buildings. The aim of the paper is to identify and analyse the problems that can be encountered when creating a digital twin and to find their solutions.