bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kontribusi Persepsi Kesehatan Reproduksi Dan Penguasaan Materi Sistem Reproduksi Terhadap Literasi Stunting Siswa SMA 1 Tilatangkamang
Authors: Myraldi Indra , Fadilah Muhyiatul , Helendra Helendra , Yuniarti Elsa
Published: November 2023

Adolescents' knowledge about reproductive health is still relatively low. Only 17.1% of women and 10.4% of men know correctly about the fertile period and the risks of pregnancy. The lack of knowledge among teenagers regarding reproductive health is important to socialize for a quality future for families. This study aims to determine the contribution of perceptions of reproductive health and mastery of reproductive system material to the stunting literacy of male students in Biology Phase F at SMAN 1 Tilatangkamang. The type of research used is quantitative using descriptive methods. The population of this study were all Phase F students who took biology subjects at SMA 1 Tilatang Kamang. The sample was taken using a total sampling technique, namely all phase F students who took biology subjects. The research instruments consist of three types of instruments, namely, material mastery instruments, reproductive health literacy and stunting literacy. The data obtained were analyzed using the Normality Test, Homogeneity Test, Simple Regression Test, Multiple Regression Test, t Test, F Test and Determination Test. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that students' perceptions of reproductive health and students' knowledge of reproductive system material contribute to students' stunting literacy at SMAN 1 Tilatang Kamang.
Abstrak. Pengetahuan remaja mengenai kesehatan reproduksi relatif masih rendah. Hanya 17,1% perempuan dan 10,4% laki-laki mengetahui secara benar tentang masa subur dan resiko kehamilan. Kurangnya pengetahuan remaja mengenai kesehatan reproduksi penting untuk disosialisasikan untuk masa depan yang keluarga yang berkualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mengetahui kontribusi persepsi kesehatan reproduksi dan penguasaan materi sistem reproduksi terhadap literasi stunting siswa laki-laki fase F Biologi di SMAN 1 Tilatangkamang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode deksritif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa Fase F yang mengambil mata pelajaran biologi di SMA 1 Tilatang kamang. Sampel diambil dengan teknik total sampling yaitu semua siswa fase F yang mengambil mata pelajaran biologi. Intsrumen penelitian  terdiri  atas tiga macam istrumen yaitu, instrumen penguasaan materi, literasi kesehatan reproduksi dan literasi stunting. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan Uji  Normalitas, Uji Homogenitas, Uji Regresi Sederhana, Uji Regresi Berganda, Uji t, Uji F Dan Uji Determinasi.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa persepsi siswa terhadap kesehatan reproduksi dan pengetahuan siswa dalam materi sistem reproduksi berkontribusi terhadap literasi stunting siswa di SMAN 1 Tilatang Kamang.
A review of existing literature on competitive intelligence and insurance markets
Authors: Maluleka Mpho Lawrence , Chummun Bibi Zaheenah
Published: November 2023

Competitive intelligence (CI) involves monitoring competitors and providing organisations with actionable and meaningful intelligence (Ranjan & Foropon, 2021). This paper aims to examine current trends in the CI and insurance literature. A qualitative approach with an exploratory-driven design was used to examine CI-related articles. A systematic literature review found 24 publications from 2008 to 2022. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data. Journal articles were obtained from Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar. Publications were classified according to journal, publication year, article count, citations and methodology. The findings showed that Iranian authors produced more CI-related academic articles focusing on insurance. Only a few CI studies in insurance have been published in other countries. The global insurance industry’s CI research was underdeveloped, with articles scattered across various journals. Two South African authors contributed multiple articles. Research in this area needs to be tested more thoroughly before maturity can be achieved. Furthermore, most of the studies the authors reviewed were quantitative. Mixing research methods could contribute more substantive theoretical contributions. In addition, more studies need to investigate the use of data analytics tools and conceptual frameworks for theory testing.
Improving the estimation of the Boyce index using statistical smoothing methods for evaluating species distribution models with presence-only data
Authors: Liu Canran , Newell Graeme , White Matt , Machunter Josephine
Published: November 2023

Species distribution models (SDMs) underpin a wide range of decisions
concerning biodiversity. Although SDMs can be built using presence-only
data, rigorous evaluation of these models remains challenging. One
evaluation method is the Boyce index (BI), which uses the relative
frequencies between presence points and background points within a
series of bins spanning the entire range of predicted values from the
SDM (the original version), or a modified version using moving windows.
Obtaining accurate estimates of the index using this approach relies
upon having large number of presences which is often not feasible,
particularly for rarer or restricted species that are often the focus of
modelling. Wider application of BI requires a method that can accurately
and reliably estimate the index using small numbers of presence records.
In this study we investigated the effectiveness of five statistical
smoothing methods and the mean of these five methods (denoted as ‘mean’)
to estimate the BI. We simulated 800 species with varying levels of
prevalence, built distribution models using random forest and Maxent
methods with two levels of training presences (NPT: 20 and 500) together
with 2×NPT and 10000 random points for the two modelling methods
respectively. We used four levels of presences (NP: 1000, 200, 50 and
10) and 5000 random points to calculate the BI. Our results indicate
that both the original and the modified versions of the calculation of
the BI are severely affected by the decrease of NP, but one smoothing
method (i.e., the thin plate spline) and the ‘mean’ were almost not
affected by the decrease of NP for most realistic situations. Hence,
these methods are recommended for estimating BI for evaluating species
distribution models when verified absence data are unavailable.
A Grey Box Method for the Stability Analysis of Multi-Inverter-Fed Power Systems using Bode Diagrams
Authors: LI Yonggang , Wu Binyuan , Li Jianwen , Yue Wang
Published: November 2023

A multi-inverter-fed power system is susceptible to small-signal
instability owing to weak grid influence. Using the impedance-frequency
(IF) method to analyse system stability at engineering sites has the
following limitations: 1) The internal information of a grid-connected
inverter is unknown because of technical confidentiality. Thus, its
impedance model should fit in a grey box. 2) The IF method defaults to
the subsystem aggregation impedance without right-half-plane (RHP)
poles, which may result in incorrect stability analysis. 3) The data
used for drawing the IF curve should be calculated per frequency, which
is time-consuming. To address these limitations, this study proposes a
grey box method for small-signal stability analysis of a
multi-inverter-fed power system based on Bode diagrams. First, grey box
impedance fitting for a single grid-connected inverter and impedance
aggregation for a multi-inverter-fed power system are discussed. Second,
the principle of the proposed method is elaborated. Using the Bode
diagram, the number of RHP poles of the aggregated impedance and actual
number of circles for Nyquist curves are identified. Third, a
multi-inverter-fed power system is constructed, and the effectiveness of
the proposed method is verified using case analysis and
hardware-in-the-loop real-time experiments based on RT-LAB. Finally, the
advantages of the proposed method are revealed by comparing it to the IF
method.
Relative roles of plume and coastal forcing on exchange flow variability of a glacial fjord
Authors: Sanchez Robert Manuel , Straneo Fiamma , Hughes Kenneth G. , Barbour Philip , Shroyer Emily L.
Published: November 2023

Glacial fjord circulation determines the import of oceanic heat to the
Greenland Ice Sheet and the export of ice sheet meltwater to the ocean.
However, limited observations and the presence of both glacial and
coastal forcing - such as coastal-trapped waves - make uncovering the
physical mechanisms controlling fjord-shelf exchange difficult. Here we
use multi-year, high-resolution, realistically forced numerical
simulations of Sermilik Fjord in southeast Greenland to evaluate the
exchange flow. We compare models, with and without a plume, to
differentiate between the exchange flow driven by shelf variability and
that driven by subglacial discharge. We use the Total Exchange Flow
framework to quantify the exchange volume fluxes. We find that a decline
in offshore wind stress from January through July drives a seasonal
reversal in the exchange flow increasing the presence of warm Atlantic
Water at depth, that the exchange flux in the summer doubles with the
inclusion of glacial plumes, and that the plume-driven circulation is
more effective at renewal with a flushing time 1/3 that of the
shelf-driven circulation near the fjord head.
Criteria for distinguishing between different mass transport and kinetics regimes in microchannel reactors for hydrogen fuel cell applications
Authors: Brown Christopher , Chen Junjie
Published: November 2023

Hydrogen and methanol are the primary fuels available for current fuel
cells. The potential of methanol reforming systems to greatly improve
productivity in chemical reactors has been limited, due in part, to the
effect of mass transfer limitations on the production of hydrogen. There
is a need to determine whether or not a microchannel reforming reactor
system is operated in a mass transfer-controlled regime, and provide the
necessary criteria so that mass transfer limitations can be effectively
eliminated in the reactor. Three-dimensional numerical simulations were
carried out using computational fluid dynamics to investigate the
essential characteristics of mass transport processes in a microchannel
reforming reactor and to develop criteria for determining mass transfer
limitations. The reactor was designed for thermochemically producing
hydrogen from methanol by steam reforming. The mass transfer effects
involved in the reforming process were evaluated, and the role of
various design parameters was determined for the thermally integrated
reactor. In order to simplify the mathematics of mass transport
phenomena, use was made of dimensionless numbers or ratios of parameters
that numerically describe the physical properties in the reactor without
units. The results indicated that the rate of the reforming reaction is
limited by mass transfer near the entrance of the reactor and by
kinetics further downstream, when the heat transfer in the autothermal
system is efficient. There is not an effective method to reduce channel
dimensions if the flow rate remains constant, or to reduce fluid
velocities if the residence time is kept constant. The performance of
the reactor can be greatly improved by means of proper design of
catalyst layer thickness and through adjusting feed composition to
minimize or reduce mass transfer limitations in the reactor. Finally,
the criteria that can be used to distinguish between different mass
transport and kinetics regimes in the reactor with a first-order
reforming reaction were presented.

Keywords: Fuel cells; Reactor design; Autothermal systems;
Hydrogen production; Microchannel reactors; Steam reforming
The shelf-to-basin transport of iron from the Northern U.S West Coast to the Pacific Ocean
Authors: Pham Anh Le-Duy , Damien Pierre , McCoy Daniel Edward , Mar Matthew , Kessouri Faycal , McWilliams James C. , Moffett James W , Bianchi Daniele
Published: November 2023

Release of iron (Fe) from continental shelves is a major source of this
limiting nutrient for phytoplankton in the open ocean, including
productive Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems. The mechanisms governing
the transport and fate of Fe along continental margins remain poorly
understood, reflecting interaction of physical and biogeochemical
processes that are crudely represented by global ocean biogeochemical
models. Here, we use a submesoscale-permitting physical-biogeochemical
model to investigate processes governing the delivery of shelf-derived
Fe to the open ocean along the northern U.S. West Coast. We find that a
significant fraction (∼20%) of the Fe released by sediments on the
shelf is transported offshore, fertilizing the broader Northeast Pacific
Ocean. This transport is governed by two main pathways that reflect
interaction between the wind-driven ocean circulation and Fe release by
low-oxygen sediments: the first in the surface boundary layer during
upwelling events; the second in the bottom boundary layer, associated
with pervasive interactions of the poleward California Undercurrent with
bottom topography. In the water column interior, transient and standing
eddies strengthen offshore transport, counteracting the onshore pull of
the mean upwelling circulation. Several hot-spots of intense Fe delivery
to the open ocean are maintained by standing meanders in the mean
current and enhanced by transient eddies and seasonal oxygen depletion.
Our results highlight the importance of fine-scale dynamics for the
transport of Fe and shelf-derived elements from continental margins to
the open ocean, and the need to improve representation of these
processes in biogeochemical models used for climate studies.
Informed Neural Networks for Flood Forecasting with Limited Amount of Training Data
Authors: Komiya Kenji , Kiyotake Hiroshi , Nakada Ryota , Fujishima Miho , Mori Koya
Published: November 2023

This study presents a novel approach to improving the accuracy of flood
forecast models with limited training data.Flood forecast information is crucial for early evacuation planning.However, the probability of flooding caused by continuous heavy rainfall
is increasing, even in areas where we have not installed flood
forecasts.New methods exist to provide flood forecasts, but they require long-term
observations and regular updating of extensive data on the basin.Existing methods of providing new flood forecast information require
long-term observations and regular updates of extensive data on the
watershed.These requirements are related to the construction time and cost of
providing flood forecasts.To address this issue, we propose Informed Neural Networks (INN) that
integrate existing domain knowledge of river engineering to enhance the
performance of flood forecasts with a limited amount of training data.We evaluated the performance of our proposed method with Japanese
real-world river water levels and compared it to conventional methods
such as artificial neural networks (ANN).Our results demonstrate that the INN can significantly improve
forecasting accuracy with only a small amount of training data,
comparable to conventional methods trained with eight times the amount
of flood data.This study highlights the potential of INN as a novel approach for
accurate and efficient flood forecasting with limited training data.
New Experimental Constraints on Clumped Isotope Bond Reordering in Dolomite
Authors: Petschnig Paul , Looser Nathan , Hemingway Jordon , Schmidt Max W. , Bernasconi Stefano M.
Published: November 2023

The conditions controlling the formation of sedimentary dolomite are
still poorly understood despite decades of research. Reconstructing
formation temperatures and δ18O of fluids from which dolomite has
precipitated is fundamental to constrain dolomitization models.
Carbonate clumped isotopes are a very reliable technique to acquire such
information if the original composition at the time of precipitation is
preserved. Sedimentary dolomite first mostly forms as a poorly-ordered
metastable phase (protodolomite) and subsequently transform to the more
stable ordered phase. Due to this conversion its important to determine
if the original clumped isotope composition of the disordered phase is
preserved during diagenetic conversion to ordered dolomite, and how
resistant clumped isotope signatures are against bond reordering at
elevated temperatures during burial diagenesis. Here, we present a
series of heating experiments at temperatures between 360 and 480 °C
with durations between 0.125 and 426 hours. We uses fine-grained
sedimentary dolomites to test the influence of grains size, and cation
ordering on bond reordering kinetics. We analyzed a lacustrine dolomite
with poor cation ordering and well ordered a replacement dolomite, both
being almost stoichiometric. The poorly ordered dolomite shows a very
rapid alteration of its bulk isotope composition and higher
susceptibility to solid state bond reordering, whereas the well-ordered
dolomite behaves like a previously studied coarse-grained hydrothermal
dolomite. We derive dolomite-specific reordering kinetic parameters for
ordered dolomitea and show that ∆47 reordering in dolomite is material
specific. Our results call for further temperature-time series
experiments to constrain dolomite ∆47 reordering over geologic
timescales.
Reconciling Surface Deflections From Simulations of Global Mantle Convection
Authors: O'Malley Conor Patrick , Roberts Gareth G , Panton James , Richards Fred D , Davies J. Huw , Fernandes Victoria M , Ghelichkhan Sia
Published: November 2023

The modern state of the mantle and its evolution over geological
timescales is of widespread importance for the Earth sciences. For
instance, it is generally agreed that mantle flow is manifest in
topographic and drainage network evolution, glacio-eustasy, volcanism,
and in the distribution of sediments. An obvious way to test theoretical
understanding of mantle convection is to compare model predictions with
independent observations. We take a step towards doing so by exploring
sensitivities of theoretical surface deflections generated from a
systematic exploration of global mantle convection simulations. Sources
of uncertainty, model parameters that are crucial for predicting
deflections, and those that are less so, are identified. We start by
quantifying similarities and discrepancies between deflections generated
using numerical and analytical methods that are ostensibly parameterised
to be as-similar-as-possible. Numerical approaches have the advantage of
high spatial resolution, and can capture effects of lateral viscosity
variations. However, treatment of gravity is often simplified due to
computational limitations. Analytic solutions, which leverage propagator
matrices, are computationally cheap, easy to replicate, and can employ
radial gravitation. However, spherical harmonic expansions used to
generate solutions can result in coarser resolution, and the methodology
cannot account for lateral viscosity variations. We quantify the impact
of these factors for predicting surface deflections. We also examine
contributions from radial gravity variations, perturbed gravitational
potential, excised upper mantle, and temperature-dependent viscosity, to
predicted surface deflections. Finally, we quantify effective
contributions from the mantle to surface deflections. The results
emphasise the sensitivity of surface deflections to the upper mantle.
Quantifying landfill emission potential using a weakly coupled particle filter
Authors: Wang Liang , Heimovaara Timo Jaakko
Published: November 2023

The emission potential, which represents the total leachable mass in
landfill waste body, is hard to measure directly. Therefore we propose
to quantify it by assimilating available measurements. The leachate
production rate is influenced by the total water storage in the waste
body, while both total chloride mass and total water storage in the
waste body influence the chloride concentration in the leachate. Thus
assimilating leachate volume and chloride concentration simultaneously
will help quantify the uncertainties in emission potential. This study
investigated the feasibility of using particle filter in a
concentration-volume coupled travel time distribution model to estimate
the emission potential. Leachate production rates and chloride
concentrations were assimilated simultaneously by a weakly coupled data
assimilation(WCDA) method. The time lag issue in the travel time
distribution model was solved by adding a daily model error to cover
layer states. The proposed method was tested in synthetic experiments
firstly to investigate the performance. The results show that the
uncertainties in chloride mass and waste body total water storage were
quantified and reduced. The predictions of chloride concentrations were
also improved.
Improving GCM-based decadal ocean carbon flux predictions using observationally-constrained statistical models
Authors: Gooya Parsa , Swart Neil C. , Landschützer Peter
Published: November 2023

Initialized climate model simulations have proven skillful for near-term
predictability of the key physical climate variables. By comparison,
predictions of biogeochemical fields like ocean carbon flux, are still
emerging. Initial studies indicate skillful predictions are possible for
lead-times up to six years at global scale for some CMIP6 models.
However, unlike core physical variables, biogeochemical variables are
not directly initialized in existing decadal preciction systems, and
extensive empirical parametrization of ocean-biogeochemistry in Earth
System Models introduces a significant source of uncertainty. Here, we
propose a new approach for improving the skill of decadal ocean carbon
flux predictions using observationally-constrained statistical models,
as alternatives to the ocean-biogeochemistry models. We use observations
to train multi-linear and neural-network models to predict the ocean
carbon flux. To account for observational uncertainties, we train using
six different observational estimates of the flux. We then apply these
trained statistical models using input predictors from the Canadian
Earth System Model (CanESM5) decadal prediction system to produce new
decadal predictions. Our hybrid GCM-statistical approach significantly
improves prediction skill, relative to the raw CanESM5 hindcast
predictions over 1990-2019. Our hybrid-model skill is also larger than
that obtained by any available CMIP6 model. Using bias-corrected CanESM5
predictors, we make forecasts for ocean carbon flux over 2020-2029. Both
statistical models predict increases in the ocean carbon flux larger
than the changes predicted from CanESM5 forecasts. Our work highlights
the ability to improve decadal ocean carbon flux predictions by using
observationally-trained statistical models together with robust input
predictors from GCM-based decadal predictions.
Modeling the Dynamic Global Distribution of the Ring Current Oxygen Ions Using Artificial Neural Network Technique
Authors: Wang Qiushuo , Yue Chao , Li Jinxing , Bortnik Jacob , Ma Donglai , Jun Chae-Woo
Published: November 2023

The ring current is an important component of the Earth’s near-space
environment, as its variations are the direct driver of geomagnetic
storms that can disrupt power grids, satellite communications, and
navigation systems, thereby impacting a wide range of technological and
human activities. Oxygen ions (O+) are one of the major components of
the ring current and play a significant role in both the enhancement and
depletion of the ring current during geomagnetic storms. Although a
standard statistical study can provide average global distributions of
ring current ions, it can’t offer insight into the short-term dynamic
variations of the global distribution. Therefore, we employed the
Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique to construct a global ring
current O+ ion model based on the Van Allen Probes observations. Through
optimization of the combination of input geomagnetic indices and their
respective time history lengths, the model can well reproduce the
spatiotemporal variation of the oxygen ion flux distributions and
demonstrates remarkable accuracy and minimal errors. Additionally, the
model effectively reconstructs the temporal variation of ring current O+
ions for an out-of-sample dataset. Furthermore, the model provides a
comprehensive and dynamic representation of global ring current O+ ion
distribution. It accurately captures the dynamics of O+ ions during a
geomagnetic storm with the oxygen ion fluxes enhancement and decay, and
reveals distinct characteristics for different energy levels, such as
injection from the plasma sheet, outflow from the ionosphere, and
magnetic local time asymmetry.
Investigating zonal asymmetries in stratospheric ozone trends from satellite limb observations and a chemical transport model
Authors: Arosio Carlo , Chipperfield Martyn P. , Dhomse Sandip , Feng Wuhu , Rozanov Alexei , Weber Mark , Zhou Xin , Burrows John P
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the origin of the zonal asymmetry in
stratospheric ozone trends at northern high latitudes, identified in
satellite limb observations over the past two decades. We use a merged
dataset consisting of ozone profiles retrieved at the University of
Bremen from SCIAMACHY and OMPS-LP measurements to derive ozone trends.
We also use TOMCAT chemical transport model (CTM) simulations, forced by
ERA5 reanalyses, to investigate the factors which determine the
asymmetry observed in the long-term changes. By studying seasonally and
longitudinally resolved observation-based ozone trends, we find,
especially during spring, a well-pronounced asymmetry at polar
latitudes, with values up to +6 % per decade over Greenland and -5 %
per decade over western Russia. The control CTM simulation agrees well
with these observed trends, whereas sensitivity simulations indicate
that chemical mechanisms, involved in the production and removal of
ozone, or their changes, are unlikely to explain the observed behaviour.
The decomposition of TOMCAT ozone time series and of ERA5 geopotential
height into the first two wavenumber components shows a clear
correlation between the two variables in the middle stratosphere and
demonstrates a weakening and a shift in the wavenumber-1 planetary wave
activity over the past two decades. Finally, the analysis of the polar
vortex position and strength points to a decadal oscillation with a
reversal pattern at the beginning of the century, also found in the
ozone trend asymmetry. This further stresses the link between changes in
the polar vortex position and the identified ozone trend pattern.
Effects of actual irrigation schedule on the farmland climate in Heihe River Oasis
Authors: Han Congying , Zhang Baozhong , Wang Yaqi , Han Songjun , Wei Zheng
Published: November 2023

Irrigation schedule based on actual production conditions and dynamic
irrigation schedule based on crop water demand theory exhibit
significant differences in irrigation amount and frequency. Under the
actual irrigation schedule, the surface temperature in the oasis of HRB
decreases by an average of approximately 1-2.5°C, the air temperature
declines by an average of about 0.7°C, relative humidity rises by 6%,
and the maximum reduction of daily potential evapotranspiration is about
1mm/day. Based on the meteorological conditions from 2009 to 2013, the
dynamic irrigation schedule in the Heihe Oasis increased the “cooling
effect” and ” wet island effect” by approximately 1°C and 24.5%,
respectively, compared to the actual irrigation schedule. The daily
potential evapotranspiration is overestimated by about 0.5 mm/day. The
dynamic irrigation schedule, due to its higher irrigation water quantity
and frequency, exaggerated the climate effects of irrigation.
Non-orographic gravity waves in ground-based Rayleigh lidar observations
Authors: Binder Michael , Dörnbrack Andreas
Published: November 2023

Temperature measurements by vertically staring ground-based Rayleigh
lidars are often used to detect middle atmospheric gravity waves. In
time-height diagrams of temperature perturbations, stationary mountain
waves are identifiable by horizontal phase lines. Vertically tilted
phase lines, on the other hand, indicate that the wave source or the
propagation conditions are transient. Idealized numerical simulations
illustrate that and how a wave source moving in the direction of the
mean wind entails upward-tilted phase lines. The inclination angle
depends on the horizontal wavelength and the wave source’s propagation
speed. On this basis, the goal is to identify and characterize transient
non-orographic gravity waves (NOGWs), e.g., from propagating upper-level
jet/front systems, in virtual and actual Rayleigh lidar measurements.
Compositions of selected atmospheric variables from a meteorological
forecast or reanalysis are thoughtfully combined to associate NOGWs with
processes in the troposphere and stratosphere. For a virtual observation
over the Southern Ocean, upward-tilted phase lines indeed dominate the
time-height diagram during the passage of an upper-level trough. The
example also emphasizes that temporal filtering of temperature
measurements is appropriate for NOGWs, especially in the presence of a
strong polar night jet that implies large vertical wavelengths. During
two selected observational periods of the COmpact Rayleigh Autonomous
Lidar (CORAL) in the lee of the southern Andes, upward-tilted phase
lines are mainly associated with mountain waves and transient background
wind conditions. One nighttime measurement by CORAL coincides with the
passage of an upper-level trough, but large-amplitude mountain waves
superpose the small-amplitude NOGWs in the middle atmosphere.
Enhancing Urban Climate-Energy Modeling in the Community Earth System Model (CESM) through Explicit Representation of Urban Air-conditioning Adoption
Authors: Li Xinchang , Zhao Lei , Oleson Keith W , Zhou Yuyu , Qin Yue , Zhang Keer , Fang Bowen
Published: November 2023

Improved representation of urban processes in Earth System Models (ESMs)
is a pressing need for climate modeling and climate-driven urban energy
studies. Despite recent improvements to its fully coupled building
energy model, the current Community Land Model Urban (CLMU) in the
Community Earth System Model (CESM) lacks the infrastructure to model
air-conditioning (AC) adoption explicitly. This undermines CESM’s
fidelity in modeling urban climate and energy use, and limits its use in
climate and energy risk assessments. Here, we establish an
explicit-AC-adoption parameterization scheme in CESM that represents AC
adoption explicitly through an AC adoption rate parameter in the
Building Energy Model of CLMU, and build a present-day, global,
survey-based, and spatially explicit AC adoption rate dataset at country
and sub-country level that is integrated within CESM. The new dataset
can be leveraged for other ESMs or global-scale models and analyses. The
explicit AC adoption scheme and the AC adoption rate dataset
significantly improve the accuracy of anthropogenic heat modeling due to
AC in CESM. The new parameterization scheme makes it possible to
evaluate the effects of changing AC adoption on global urban energy and
climate using CESM. These developments enhance CESM in its use for
climate impact assessments under future climate and socioeconomic
development scenarios, and represent continued efforts in better
representing urban processes and coupled human-urban-Earth dynamics in
ESMs.
Strong Eddy Kinetic Energy Anomalies Induced by Baroclinic Instability in the Southwest Region of the Kerguelen Plateau,East Antarctic
Authors: He Yunzhu , Zhou Meng , Kang Dujuan
Published: November 2023

Eddy activities are particularly prominent in the Southern Ocean due to
the instabilities of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), which
plays a critical role in energy transport of the global ocean. The
Indian sector of the Southern Ocean is not only a typical eddy-rich
region with strong Eddy Kinetic Energy (EKE) and associated energy
conversions among different energy reservoirs (kinetic energy and
potential energy of the eddy and mean flow), but also events of extreme
EKE. In this study, a systematic energetics analysis framework is
employed to examine the notable anomalies of an intensified EKE event
observed in the southwest region of the Kerguelen Plateau in 2017 based
on a reanalysis product. The EKE anomaly existing at all depths emerges
in April, reaches its peak during the austral winter, and persists into
the following summer. Energetics analysis indicates that the strong
anomalous EKE is primarily determined by baroclinic instability, with
distinct governing mechanisms at the surface and in the internal ocean.
The anomalous intrusion of warm Circumpolar Deep Water intensifies the
baroclinic energy conversion in the subsurface, which contributes to the
observed EKE anomalies. Moreover, the anomalous strong wind-induced
Ekman pumping serves to amplify the lifting of isopycnals, which
enhances the baroclinic instability and subsequently intensifies the EKE
anomalies. This study sheds new light on underlying mechanisms governing
local polar dynamics and provides insights into the intricate
interaction between ocean dynamics and energy distribution in the
Antarctic.
Comments on Kumar et al. (2023), Evidence of Strain Accumulation and Coupling Variation in the Himachal Region of NW Himalaya From Short Term Geodetic Measurements. Tectonics https://doi.org/10.1029/2022TC007690.
Authors: Singh Tejpal , Rajendran CP
Published: November 2023

Kumar et al. (2023) in their article discuss and highlight the
complexities involved in the comparison of long-term and short-term
ongoing deformation in the Northwest Himalaya and their influence over
the topographic evolution of the region. Their observations that rely
largely on the GNSS geodetic results (Kumar et al., 2023) have also been
the basis of conclusions presented in a companion paper by Malik et al.,
2023a. The conclusions presented in the latter-mentioned paper have been
questioned in a rejoinder by Singh and Rajendran (2023) and defended by
Malik et al. (2023b). Below we present pointwise inconsistencies in the
present study (Kumar et al., 2023) and the conclusions presented
therein. We present our differing observations of the two segments of
the fault system called the ‘Khetpurali-Taksal’ Fault (KTF-1 and KTF-2),
as discussed in the paper by Kumar et al. (2023)
Probabilistic Short-Term Solar Driver Forecasting with Neural Network Ensembles
Authors: Daniell Joshua D , Mehta Piyush M
Published: November 2023

Space weather indices are used to drive forecasts of thermosphere
density, which directly affects objects in low-Earth orbit (LEO) through
atmospheric drag force. A set of proxies and indices (drivers),
F, S, M, and
Y are used as inputs by the JB2008 thermosphere
density model. The United States Air Force (USAF) operational High
Accuracy Satellite Drag Model (HASDM), relies on JB2008, and forecasts
of solar drivers from a linear algorithm. We introduce methods using
long-short term memory (LSTM) model ensembles to improve over the
current prediction method as well as a previous univariate approach. We
investigate the usage of principal component analysis (PCA) to enhance
multivariate forecasting. A novel method, referred to as striped
sampling, is created to produce statistically consistent machine
learning data sets. We also investigate forecasting performance and
uncertainty estimation by varying the training loss function and by
investigating novel weighting methods. Results show that stacked neural
network model ensembles make multivariate driver forecasts which
outperform the operational linear method. When using MV-MLE
(multivariate multi-lookback ensemble), we see an improvement of RMSE
for F, S, M,
and Y of 17.7%, 12.3%, 13.8%, 13.7%
respectively, over the operational method. We provide the first
probabilistic forecasting method for S,
M, and Y . Ensemble approaches
are leveraged to provide a distribution of predicted values, allowing an
investigation into robustness and reliability (R&R) of uncertainty
estimates. Uncertainty was also investigated through the use of
calibration error score (CES), with the approach providing an average
CES of 5.63%, across all drivers.
Einleitung: 100 Jahre John Rawls, 50 Jahre "Eine Theorie der Gerechtigkeit"
Authors: Özmen Elif
Published: November 2023

Am 21. Februar 2021 wäre der US-amerikanische Philosoph John Bordley Rawls hundert Jahre alt geworden. Die Bedeutung seines Werkes für die politische Philosophie im Ganzen und die Theorie der liberalen, pluralistischen, sozialen und säkularen Demokratie im Besonderen lässt sich kaum überschätzen. Das gilt vor allem für das Opus Magnum Eine Theorie der Gerechtigkeit, welches 2021 ebenfalls einen runden Geburtstag feiert. Fünfzig Jahre nach ihrem Erscheinen gilt die Theorie als wichtigstes Werk des zeitgenössischen politischen Liberalismus und ihr Verfasser als Klassiker des politischen Denkens, auf den zahlreiche Begriffe, Impulse und Themen der aktuellen Debatten zurückzuführen sind. Dieses zweifache Jubiläum nimmt der vorliegende Schwerpunkt der Zeitschrift für Praktische Philosophie zum Anlass, um aktuelle systematische Fragen der Theorie der Gerechtigkeit aufzugreifen, kritisch zu evaluieren und konstruktiv weiter zu entwickeln.
Erythritol as a potential causal contributor to cardiometabolic disease: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Khafagy Rana , Dash Satya , D. Paterson Andrew
Published: November 2023

People with type 2 diabetes frequently use low-calorie sweeteners to manage glycemia and reduce caloric intake. Use of erythritol, a low-calorie sweetener, has increased recently. Higher circulating concentration associates with major cardiac events and metabolic disease in observational data, prompting some concern. As observational data may be prone to confounding and reverse causality, we undertook bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate potential causal associations between erythritol and coronary artery disease (CAD), body mass index (BMI), waist-hip-ratio (WHR), glycemic and renal traits in cohorts of European ancestry. Analyses were undertaken using instruments comprising genome-wide-significant variants from three cohorts with erythritol measurement. Across instruments, we did not find supportive evidence that increased erythritol increases CAD (b=-0.033±0.02, p=0.14; b=0.46±0.37, p=0.23). MR indicates erythritol may decrease BMI (b=-0.04±0.018, p=0.03; b=-0.04±0.0085, p=1.23x10-5; b=-0.083±0.092, p=0.036) with potential evidence from one instrument of increased BMI adjusted for waist-hip ratio (b=0.046±0.022, p=0.035). No evidence of causal association was found with other traits. In conclusion, we did not find supportive evidence from MR that erythritol increases cardiometabolic disease. These findings await confirmation in well-designed prospective studies.
The Current Work of New Zealand Teaching Principals
Authors: COLLINS GRAHAM
Published: November 2023

The work of teaching principals is a lightly researched aspect of teachers
Evaluación de impactos ambientales de la disposición de pañales desechables
Authors:   , Guzmán Garduño Saúl Darío
Published: November 2023

Used disposable diapers represent a huge challenge with the current waste management system in Mexico, since they are classified as difficult to recycle and are generated in large quantities. In order to reduce the repercussions on the environment caused by the current management system for these residues, some biological techniques have been proposed as alternative uses. Among these are: composting, anaerobic digestion and dark fermentation. The present study had the purpose of evaluating the environmental impacts using the analysis of the life cycle (LCA) of the three biological processes of treatment before and the disposal in a sanitary landfill, with the purpose of comparing the environmental repercussion between these techniques, through a LCA focused solely on the waste removal stage, using the SimaPro software. With a focus on the technical factors that intervene in the final disposal of diapers, 1000 kg of used disposable diapers are established as a functional unit in treatment, the limits of the system are presented so that only those units necessary for the treatment of these residues conform to the techniques studied in the Laboratory of Sustainable Technologies of the UAM Azcapotzalco, in the cases of composting, anaerobic digestion and dark fermentation. For its part, the sanitary landfill scenario contemplated the entries for the sanitary landfill from the Ecoinvent 3.0 database. The inputs and outputs of each disposable diaper handling system analyzed in this study were quantified, contemplating all the unit operations involved, the energy requirements and necessary materials, as well as the expected emissions for each system. The input and output information was organized in inventory lists and it was recorded in the SimaPro Software using the Ecoinvent 3 database. Finally, the evaluation of environmental impacts was carried out using the Recipe midpoint method, hierarchical version. Based on the results of the environmental impact assessment, it will be extended that composting is the method with the least environmental impact for the treatment of disposable cloth waste, among all the options studied.
Mindfulness e meditação para alívio do estresse: revisão integrativa
Authors: Souto Brenda Rodrigues , Andrade Priscila Cristina da Silva Thiengo de , Ferreira Janaína Mengal Gomes Fabri , Vieira Rosana Fidelis Coelho
Published: November 2023

O mindfulness e a meditação tem sido apontado como ferramentas capazes de melhorar a capacidade de concentração dos seus praticantes, no entanto, sua aplicabilidade em ambientes universitários ainda é pouco estudada. Sendo assim, o estudo objetiva descrever o conteúdo abordado nas produções científicas sobre as práticas de mindfulness e meditação por graduandos. Revisão integrativa da literatura utilizando as seguintes bases de dados: Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências e Saúde (LILACS), National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE), Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF - Enfermagem), Modelos de Saúde e Medicinas Tradicionais, Complementares e Integrativas nas Américas (MOSAICO) e Index Psicologia – Periódicos técnico científicos. Foram localizados 11 artigos que atendiam aos critérios de inclusão, sendo 7 deles em inglês e 4 em português, e foi utilizado o sistema de classificação de evidências para construção de uma tabela. O uso das terapias integrativas mindfulness e meditação se revelaram opções acessíveis, práticas e eficientes no controle aos altos níveis de estresse vivenciados pelos estudantes universitários. Os estudos analisados trazem resultados promissores, em que o uso das práticas acarreta uma queda significativa do estresse percebido.
Descritores: Mindfulness, Meditação, Estresse, Estudantes Universitários.
Rola lakozamidu i lewetyracetamu w leczeniu padaczki
Authors: Kurkowska-Jastrzębska Iwona
Published: November 2023

Lewetyracetam i lakozamid są lekami nowymi, o nieco innych niż klasyczne preparaty mechanizmach działania. Lewetyracetam hamuje przewodnictwo synaptyczne przez blokowanie wydzielania pęcherzyków synaptycznych. Lakozamid zwiększa liczbę nieaktywnych kanałów sodowych, co prowadzi do zmniejszenia pobudliwości neuronów. Oba leki można stosować w monoterapii, a także łączyć niemal z każdym lekiem przeciwnapadowym ze względu na synergizm działania oraz niewielką liczbę interakcji. Ze względu na korzystny profil terapeutyczny i brak wpływu na zdolności poznawcze są szczególnie godne polecenia w politerapii i u osób starszych, osób niepełnosprawnych oraz u dzieci.
Kiedy z punktu widzenia internisty warto zastosować acemetacynę?
Authors: Śliż Daniel
Published: November 2023

Niesteroidowe leki przeciwzapalne są powszechnie stosowane w łagodzeniu bólu i stanów zapalnych w różnych schorzeniach. Częstość i nasilenie bólu wzrastają wraz z wiekiem, co sprawia, że osoby starsze są bardziej zależne od leczenia przeciwbólowego. Celem tego podsumowania jest przedstawienie skuteczności i profilu bezpieczeństwa acemetacyny w porównaniu z innymi niesteroidowymi lekami przeciwzapalnymi.Acemetacyna wyróżnia się dobrym profilem bezpieczeństwa i skutecznością w łagodzeniu bólu i stanów zapalnych. Oprócz hamowania COX-1 i COX-2 lek ten wpływa również na mediatory stanu zapalnego, takie jak histamina i bradykinina. Badania wykazały, że acemetacyna ma podobną skuteczność przeciwzapalną jak indometacyna, ale powoduje mniej działań niepożądanych dotyczących m.in. układu pokarmowego. Porównania z diklofenakiem także wykazały przybliżone działanie przeciwzapalne i przeciwbólowe. Skuteczność terapeutyczna acemetacyny została zaobserwowana przy dawkach 60 mg 3 razy dziennie, co odpowiadało 50 mg diklofenaku, przy jednoczesnym istotnie mniejszym ryzyku działań niepożądanych dotyczących układu pokarmowego.Ponadto zrównoważone wydalanie acemetacyny, gdzie 60% jest eliminowane przez wątrobę, a mniejsza część przez nerki, przyczynia się do jej lepszego profilu bezpieczeństwa. Podczas wyboru i ustalania dawkowania odpowiedniego niesteroidowego leku przeciwzapalnego ważne jest uwzględnienie czynników dotyczących pacjenta, takich jak: spożycie alkoholu, otyłość, wiek i choroby towarzyszące. Należy również brać pod uwagę właściwości farmakokinetyczne tych leków, jak rozpuszczalność w tłuszczach lub wodzie, w przypadku pacjentów o określonym składzie ciała bądź w stanie odwodnienia. Acemetacyna jako niesteroidowy lek przeciwzapalny jest opcją terapeutyczną wartą rozważenia.
Nawracające zakażenia układu moczowego u 6-letniej dziewczynki – leczenie cefiksymem i furazydyną – opis przypadku i przegląd piśmiennictwa
Authors: Skrzypczyk Piotr
Published: November 2023

Zakażenia układu moczowego to najczęstsze bakteryjne infekcje u dzieci. Ich prawidłowe rozpoznawanie i leczenie pozwala na szybsze wyleczenie choroby i zapobieganie powikłaniom. W artykule przedstawiono opis przypadku 6-letniej dziewczynki, u której zakażenia układu moczowego leczono z sukcesem cefiksymem i furazydyną. Cefiksym to doustna cefalosporyna III generacji o szerokim spektrum działania bakteriobójczego i dobrym profilu bezpieczeństwa, która znajduje zastosowanie w leczeniu ostrych odmiedniczkowych zapaleń nerek, zapaleń pęcherza moczowego, a także profilaktyce nawrotów zakażeń układu moczowego. Furazydyna to szeroko stosowany chemioterapeutyk z grupy pochodnych furanu o wielotorowym działaniu na komórkę bakteryjną, wskazany w leczeniu zapaleń pęcherza i profilaktyce zakażeń układu moczowego. W artykule omówiono dane z badań klinicznych wskazujące na korzyści ze stosowania tych leków w zakażeniach układu moczowego u dzieci.
Richard III: análisis comparativo de la versión televisiva de Carmelo Bene y La Rose et la Hache de Georges Lavaudant
Authors: Ambrona Carrasco Daniel Moisés
Published: November 2023

En 1977 el poeta y director vanguardista italiano Carmelo Bene escribió una relectura muy personal del clásico shakesperiano Richard III. Posteriormente, en 1981, esta versión, producida por la RAI fue televisada por la televisión italiana. Mientras, en 1979 Georges Lavaudant decidió montar su propia versión de la relectura de Bene: La Rose et la Hache, obra que también fue representada en España en el año 2005. En el presente artículo analizamos posibles similitudes y diferencias entre ambas versiones, la adaptación televisiva de Bene y la teatral de Lavaudant con el objetivo de observar las posibles influencias de la primera sobre la segunda, así como posibles influencias tanto recibidas como prestadas de otras versiones y adaptaciones de Richard III.
Rafael Malpartida, Diálogos entre la literatura española áurea, el cine y la ficción televisiva: Nuevas perspectivas de estudio en la era digital
Authors: Luque García Javier
Published: November 2023

Rafael Malpartida, Diálogos entre la literatura española áurea, el cine y la ficción televisiva: Nuevas perspectivas de estudio en la era digital, Oxford/Bern/Berlin/Bruxelles/New York/Wien, Peter Lang, 2023.