bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’économie au miroir : mots et paroles d’argent chez Philippe de Mézières et Christine de Pizan
Authors: Ancelet-Netter Dominique
Published: June 2021

L’économie comme savoir autonome n’existe pas au Moyen Âge. La première occurrence du mot « économie » apparaît cependant en langue vernaculaire au xiv e  siècle dans la traduction des Économiques d’Aristote par le conseiller de Charles V, Nicole Oresme. Ses contemporains Christine de Pizan et Philippe de Mézières éclairent par les reflets de leurs miroirs des princes cette réalité économique aux discours éclatés. En se fondant sur la tradition de la littérature didactique, Le Livre des trois vertus de Christine de Pizan et Le Songe du vieil pèlerin de Philippe de Mézières sont des manuels d’instruction des princes et princesses, mais aussi des hommes et femmes de leur temps. Considérations sur la pauvreté et la richesse ou débats contradictoires sur l’usure et la monnaie traitent de l’économie mais sans la nommer. Leurs rhétoriques conduisent cependant vers une « sapience » économique. Une pratique pécuniaire vertueuse s’exprime alors par fragments : moralisation des circuits bancaires chez Philippe de Mézières grâce au choix de prudhommes, conduites financières mesurées parce que féminines chez Christine de Pizan. Les structures comparées de leurs lexiques marquent aussi l’ambivalence des mots de l’économie et de la finance dans leur terminologie naissante en moyen français.
La condamnation de l’usure, une approche éthique et financière
Authors: de Lauzun Pierre
Published: June 2021

Dans une économie aussi créative que celle du xiii e  siècle, le débat sur le prêt à intérêt paraît paradoxal. L’article examine d’où vient cette condamnation, comment elle était motivée, et quelles conséquences on en tirait. Le fondement dans les Écritures ne va pas de soi, et le raisonnement jouait un rôle central. Ce qui était dénoncé aussi était le refus d’insertion dans le contexte d’échange et de charité de la société. Mais la pratique était souple, grâce à des notions de droit romain comme le lucrum cessans . Économiquement, la condamnation est critiquable. Mais en rester là ferait perdre la leçon principale de cette expérience doctrinale : le message est que l’argent, à lui tout seul, est stérile. Or, moralement et socialement, c’est juste.
Development of patulin certified reference material using mass balance and quantitative NMR
Authors: Li X. , Li H. , Zhang W. , Li X. , Zhang Q. , Guo Z. , Li X. , Song S. , Zhao G.
Published: June 2021

The certified reference materials (CRMs) are necessary for accurate quantification and insurance of comparability and traceability of results. Patulin is a typical mycotoxin in a variety of food commodities. Here, patulin CRM GBW(E)100673 was characterised and its purity was assessed by two independent orthogonal approaches including mass balance (MB) and quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (qNMR) methods. From MB equation, the calculated purity was 996.9 mg/g with subtraction of water, volatile solvent, inorganic and structurally related impurities. In the other qNMR method, the calculated purity was 996.7 mg/g. This CRM was homogeneous and stable for at least 9 months under -20 °C in dark. Finally, a purity of 997 mg/g with an expanded uncertainty of 3 mg/g (k=2) was finally assigned to patulin CRM in this study. High-purity patulin CRM was fully characterised and assessed for the first time. The new CRM can be applicable to routine monitoring and risk assessment for assurance of accuracy results in food safety.
Speaking to the Heart of Our Patients: An Empathic Communication Education Initiative
Authors: Burkhartzmeyer Holly L. , Preston Heather R. , Arcand Lori L. , Mullenbach Dana L. , Nelson Dawn E. , Lorentz Paul A. , Stevens Sheila K.
Published: June 2021

Communicating with empathy is a critical skill within the nurse-patient relationship and a driver of a positive patient experience. Staff at a large midwestern medical organization identified an education-based communication improvement strategy to address a gap within its patient experience data. An evidence-based empathic communication education framework was developed and delivered to more than 8,400 nurses and allied health staff. Posteducation sustainment strategies were included within the framework to support ongoing concept mastery and practical application. A multilevel evaluation strategy was used to measure the education's impact from both a learner and patient perspective. Evaluations demonstrated the chain of impact from reaction, learning, behavior, and results, indicating the education improved staff members' ability to communicate empathically, contributing to an increase from baseline in communication-related patient experience data.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2021;52(7):319–325.]
Uniform polynomial stability of second order integro-differential equations in Hilbert spaces with positive definite kernels
Authors: Jin Kun-Peng , Liang Jin , Xiao Ti-Jun
Published: June 2021

We are concerned with the polynomial stability and the integrability of the energy for second order integro-differential equations in Hilbert spaces with positive definite kernels, where the memory can be oscillating or sign-varying or not locally absolutely continuous (without any control conditions on the derivative of the kernel). For this stability problem, tools from the theory of existing positive definite kernels can not be applied. In order to solve the problem, we introduce and study a new mathematical concept – generalized positive definite kernel (GPDK). With the help of GPDK and its properties, we obtain an efficient criterion of the polynomial stability for evolution equations with such a general but more complicated and useful memory. Moreover, in contrast to existing positive definite kernels, GPDK allows us to directly express the decay rate of the related kernel.
Symmetry of positive solutions for systems of fractional Hartree equations
Authors: Deng Yan , Zhao Junfang , Chu Baozeng
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we deal with a system of fractional Hartree equations. By means of a direct method of moving planes, the radial symmetry and monotonicity of positive solutions are presented.
Trends of the Global Hepatitis C Disease Burden: Strategies to Achieve Elimination
Authors: Brunner Nathalie , Bruggmann Philip
Published: June 2021

Hepatitis C infection is responsible for high morbidity and mortality rates globally as well as for significant indirect costs. The disease burden caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is comparable to the one caused by human immunodeficiency virus or tuberculosis. Today, simple detection methods, highly effective and easy to administer therapies and efficient preventative measures are available to combat hepatitis C. Nevertheless, in most countries around the world, the World Health Organization target of eliminating this infectious disease and its consequences by 2030 are not being met. Significant gaps in care for hepatitis C sufferers still exist, the shortcomings ranging from education and treatment to aftercare. Hepatitis C infection was and still is not on the radar of most politicians and health authorities. National programmes and strategies to combat the disease exist or are being developed in many countries. However, for these to be implemented efficiently and successfully, clear political commitment, strong civil society actors, well-functioning public health structures and the relevant support from global donors are needed.
Fisuras clasificatorias y hierbas medicinales. El caso del Picietl en la invención de la materia médica Novohispana (s. XVI)
Authors: Vera Castañeda Julio Ricardo
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo estudia las representaciones escritas del picietl (tabaco) producidas en Nueva España entre 1552 y 1591. Remite al estudio de un corpus de textos médicos y el lugar que ellos destinan a la denominación y clasificación de la “materia médica” del territorio, en contextos de coexistencia de tradiciones hispanas e indígenas. Desde el caso particular del picietl, se enfatizan las dificultades que acarreó la clasificación de las hierbas del Nuevo Mundo desde el léxico del saber médico europeo y su vinculación con las estructuras simbólicas del dominio colonial. Esto se evidencia a partir de las diferentes posturas frente a la condición medicinal del humo del picietl, cuestión que manifiesta la importancia de los modos en que son usadas las hierbas dentro de la cultura médica hispana. A modo de hipótesis, se plantea que estas representaciones jugaron un rol clave en la apropiación de los saberes médicos locales, al traducir y formalizar el saber de las hierbas medicinales, que manejaban agentes indígenas claves del proceso de colonización, en el campo de conocimiento que son propios de la cristiandad occidental. Esto contribuyó a la construcción de jerarquías coloniales al fijar criterios de usos legítimos e ilegítimos de las hierbas medicinales.
Las medidas gubernativas en la crisis sanitaria de 1803-1805
Authors: Caro Bragado Sarah , Caro López Ceferino
Published: June 2021

La crisis de producción de 1803-1805 fue acompañada de muchos casos de fiebres palúdicas agravadas por la pobreza del mundo rural. Este trabajo intenta una aproximación a las medidas de alivio de pobres y enfermos mediante el análisis de los expedientes de petición de socorro presentados al Consejo de Castilla. El gobierno actuó sobre una línea doble; por un lado la ayuda a los enfermos con provisiones de quina y el recurso a la sopa económica, y por otro la promoción de trabajos públicos para dar trabajo a los jornaleros desocupados. Los poderes locales descubren las pésimas condiciones higiénicas de sus pueblos y se emprenden obras de construcción de fuentes y drenaje de aguas estancadas. El resultado global fue muy limitado debido a la escasez de fondos disponibles porque todo el peso de la financiación recaía sobre los ayuntamientos. Al llevar a cabo las obras precisas los pueblos se empobrecían ulteriormente dado que debían recurrir a la venta de comunales o a empréstitos que más tarde habrían de reembolsar.
Nosología, profilaxis y valor médico legal de las infecciones de transmisión sexual en los procesos por violación en Chile (1890-1920)
Authors: Palafox Menegazzi Alejandra
Published: June 2021

Desde la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, el creciente desarrollo del movimiento médico-higienista y su indisoluble combinación con el movimiento eugenésico, promovieron en Chile la paulatina implantación institucional de medidas dirigidas al conocimiento, tratamiento y erradicación de la blenorragia, la sífilis y el chancro blando, variantes de las llamadas enfermedades vergonzosas, concebidas como enfermedades de trascendencia social desde la década de 1920. En este artículo buscamos conocer la valoración médico-legal de la trasmisión de estas afecciones, durante la comprobación de agresiones sexuales tipificadas como violación, en Santiago y Valparaíso -principales ciudades del país- entre los años 1890 y 1920. Tras considerar los conocimientos médicos y las perspectivas morales desde las que se analizaban los contagios y los delitos sexuales tratados, así como su valoración forense, se analiza la implementación práctica de estas disposiciones en los procesos judiciales.
La enseñanza activa de la física en el Instituto-Escuela durante la Segunda República Española: de la utopía del aprendizaje por descubrimiento al eclecticismo pedagógico
Authors: Guijarro Mora Víctor , González de la Lastra Leonor
Published: June 2021

El estudio plantea el contraste entre el escepticismo que en círculos docentes de la década de 1920 y 1930 provocaban las posiciones pedagógicas relativas al aprendizaje de la ciencia por descubrimiento -próximas a la heurística- y el entusiasmo que en España, en los contextos institucionales conocidos como renovadores, existía hacia esas posturas. Uno de los centros en los que se aplicaron esos métodos activos fue el Instituto-Escuela de Madrid (Sección Retiro), cuyos resultados se exponen en las obras compuestas por Andrés León Maroto y Miguel Catalán, situadas entre el manual y el informe de las experiencias que tienen lugar en las aulas, y publicadas en los años 1931, 1934 y 1935. A través del examen de los ejercicios prácticos planteados, y teniendo en cuenta los estudios de replicabilidad de experimentos históricos y de transmisión de conocimientos técnicos, comprobaremos qué efectos concretos tuvieron las revisiones que se propusieron de los métodos activos en el centro mencionado, considerado uno de los referentes de las reformas pedagógicas.
La paradoja bucólica en el Renacimiento: cortesanía y anticortesanía en La Diana de Montemayor
Authors: Corominas Eduardo Torres
Published: June 2021

El trabajo tiene como propósito analizar la relación existente entre cortesanía y bucolismo en La Diana de Jorge de Montemayor. Con este fin desarrolla el concepto de «paradoja bucólica», aplicable a un texto que es al mismo tiempo anticortesano (surge de la huida a una mítica Edad de Oro) y cortesano (el mundo pastoril constituye un trasunto del universo áulico).
Tríptico del Hacedor
Authors: Paredes Alberto
Published: June 2021

En 1960, con 61 años de edad, Jorge Luis Borges publicó una de sus obras mayores: El Hacedor. El libro representa la plenitud del autor al mismo tiempo que su ceguera había avanzado definitivamente. Este ensayo propone un tríptico: tres poemas del libro considerados como emblemas de las tres edades proverbiales del hombre. Centra su atención en los recursos literarios y estilísticos típicos de Borges, para proponer una visión del ser humano en su infancia, madurez y declive, desde la perspectiva borgeana.
The best science, the best science in Finnish – and English – or the best Finnish scientists?
Authors: Hoffman David , Babila Sama Thomas , El-Massri Ahmad , Raunio Mika , Korhonen Marjaana
Published: June 2021

Cet article traite d’une « vérité inconfortable » (un mythe), à propos de la mise en place d’une politique ainsi que des pratiques équitables en matière de gestion du personnel, dans le système éducatif supérieur d’un pays admiré pour l’égalité sociale qui le caractérise. L’étude présente une enquête participative des auteurs, qui se fonde sur leurs expériences collectives et leurs perceptions de l’intérieur d’un système qui est en train de changer rapidement. Les auteurs révèlent un certain nombre d’affirmations et de mécanismes qui ont mené à un abandon du débat sur l’égalité dans les discussions portant sur politiques éducatives. L’ironie de cette situation est que le « miracle finlandais » se fonde sur des valeurs nordiques pour lesquelles l’égalité est centrale. Pour finir, les conséquences de ces dynamiques sont expliquées à partir des efforts constants d’internationalisation du supérieur dans ce contexte et de phénomènes produits par l’immigration qui sont d’une toute autre nature.
Multicultural education as policy and praxis in Finland: Heading in a problematic direction?
Authors: Holm Gunilla , Mansikka Jan-Erik
Published: June 2021

Dans cet article, nous nous penchons sur la mise en place d’une éducation multiculturelle sur le terrain et dans les textes officiels, en Finlande. Bien que l’immigration augmente chaque année, elle demeure bien moindre en comparaison à d’autres pays européens. Mais on parle beaucoup du multiculturalisme dans la société finlandaise comme dans les médias. Les programmes éducatifs officiels l’intègrent également et ce de manière quasi systématique. Toutefois de nombreux chercheurs affirment que les enseignants ne sont pas toujours bien préparés pour faire face à la diversité dans la classe. Dans notre contribution, nous confrontons les lois et les textes officiels en relation avec le multiculturalisme en pratiques dans l’éducation finlandaise, à partir notamment d’expériences d’enseignants stagiaires et des points de vue d’enseignants à propos du multiculturalisme. Nous suggérons à la fin de l’article que l’éducation finlandaise devrait pouvoir proposer davantage d’espaces de négociations et de rencontres pour promouvoir le dialogue interculturel.
Qu’est-ce qui ne va pas avec nos écoles ?
Authors: Dervin Fred
Published: June 2021

Maarit Korhonen est enseignante du primaire depuis plus de trente ans. En août 2012, elle a publié un pamphlet intitulé Qu’est-ce qui ne va pas avec nos écoles ? (Koulun vika ? en finnois), dans lequel elle raconte le quotidien dans plusieurs écoles finlandaises où elle a travaillé. Nous avons pu la rencontrer pour parler de son livre.
L’Altérité, une notion vraiment sans histoire ? Eclairage philosophique sur une notion devenue incontournable en éducation
Authors: Briançon Muriel , Mallet Jeanne , Eymard Chantal
Published: June 2021

Cet article théorique utilise l’histoire des idées philosophiques pour définir l’altérité, notion essentielle pour comprendre le processus d’apprentissage dans le champ de l’éducation et de la formation mais dont l’usage semble aujourd’hui inflationniste et réducteur. Privée d’unité et de sens, cette notion est surtout privée d’histoire. Son étymologie grecque renvoie pourtant à la découverte accidentelle par Platon de l’altérité comme différence (to heteron) pour résoudre une controverse célèbre l’opposant aux Sophistes. Mais l’apparition puis l’expansion de ce terme ne peuvent se comprendre qu’au regard de l’histoire parallèle et contrariée du concept de non-être (mé éon). Victorieuse face au Non-Etre absolu, l’altérité pourrait alors être comprise comme une notion usurpatrice qui aurait oublié jusqu’à son identité. Pour l’utiliser de manière pertinente et précise, les Sciences de l’Education gagneraient à reconnaître ses origines historiques et philosophiques, sa tridimensionnalité et ses implications didactiques, son caractère transgressif et émancipateur ainsi que sa capacité enseignante.
Trophic status and diversity of fish species in selected tributaries of Bentota River
Authors: Guruge W. A. H. P.
Published: June 2021

Present study was carried out to investigate the, abundance and trophic status of fishes inhabiting tributaries of the Bentota River. Fish were sampled using gill nets, seine nets, cast nets and some were also collected from fishermen’s catches harvested at the tributaries of the Benthota River in Katapola, Ganegoda, Avitthawa, Yagirala and Galatara. To investigate the trophic status, stomach contents were analyzed and quantified using the Point method based on the percentage of bio volume per food category. Ten species of fish were recorded from all five sites, including two endemic species, Clarias brachysoma, Channa orientalis and one invasive alien fish Chitala ornata. Some indigenous species such as Puntius vittatus (n=400), Rasbora daniconius (n=134), Puntius dorsalis (n = 42) and Trichogaster pectoralis (n=71) were also caught in reasonable number. Parts of fish (scales, fins and flesh), mollusks, adult insects, insects larvae, macrophytes and digested/detritus matters were identified as main food categories in the stomach. Based on the gut content analysis, three feeding guilds i.e. piscivorous, herbivorous and zooplanktivorous, were identified. High diet overlap values were recorded in species pairs belonged to the same feeding guild i.e. Chitala.ornata- Channa orientalis while low diet overlap values were recorded in species belonged to different feeding guilds. Remains of fins of Channa orientalis, and Rasbora daniconius and some invertebrates observed in stomach contents of C. ornata, indicated its negative impacts on biodiversity in study sites. Therefore urgent attention should be paid to population control of C. ornata and to prevent its further invasion into new habitats.
Analytic Model of Proprotor Forces and Moments at High Incidence
Authors: Leng Yuchen , Jardin Thierry , Moschetta Jean-Marc , Bronz Murat
Published: June 2021

The paper presents an analytical model for estimation of proprotor aerodynamic loads at elevated incidence angles. Previous theories have concentrated on either small incidence angle for aircraft stability analysis or edge-wise flow for helicopter forward flight. This development attempted an engineering method that covers the full incidence angle range from 0 to π/2. Blade element theory was applied to known proprotor geometry, and off-axis loads including normal force and in-plane moment were obtained in closed form based on thrust and torque in axial condition. The model was found to be sufficiently accurate over a broader flight conditions compared to classical models, and computationally more efficient than numerical methods. Hence it could be easily used as a preliminary design and analysis tool for future convertible aircraft proprotors. The paper further discusses a dedicated wind tunnel campaign on proprotor off-axis load measurement. Experimental data from the test campaign was considered in model validation. The results suggested that the model was capable to accurately estimate proprotor performance in nominal flight regimes.
Does family support mediate the effect of anxiety and depression on maternal-fetal attachment in high-risk pregnant women admitted to the maternal-fetal intensive care unit?
Authors: Yoon Se-Hee , Sung Mi-Hae
Published: June 2021

Purpose: This study investigated the mediating effect of family support in the relationships of anxiety and depression with maternal-fetal attachment among pregnant women admitted to the maternal-fetal intensive care unit (MFICU) in Korea.Methods: The participants were high-risk pregnant women with a gestational age of at least 20 weeks who were admitted to MFICUs in Busan and Yangsan. The Korean versions of four measurement tools were used for the self-report questionnaire: Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Cobb’s family support measurement, and Cranley’s maternal-fetal attachment scale. Data were collected from June 22 to September 20, 2020. Out of 124 participants, data from 123 respondents were analyzed. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were done. Results: The average age of participants was 34.1 years. Their anxiety level was medium (43.57±11.65 points out of 80) and 53.6% were identified as having moderate depression (average 10.13±5.48 points out of 30). Family support was somewhat high (average 43.30±5.03 points out of 55). The average score of maternal-fetal attachment was also somewhat high (73.37±12.14 points out of 96). Family support had a partial mediating effect in the relationships of anxiety and depression with maternal-fetal attachment among high-risk pregnant women admitted to the MFICU. Conclusion: Maintaining family support is challenging due to the nature of the MFICU. Considering the mediating effect of family support, establishing an intervention plan to strengthen family support can be helpful as a way to improve maternal-fetal attachment for high-risk pregnant women admitted to the MFICU.
Assessing the histopathology reports of colorectal carcinoma surgery
Authors: Sarkar Sourav , Deodhar Kedar K. , Budukh Atul , Bal Munita M. , Ramadwar Mukta
Published: June 2021

Background:

A comprehensive histopathology report of colorectal carcinoma surgery is important in cancer staging and planning adjuvant treatment. Our aim was to review histopathology reports of operated specimens of colorectal carcinoma in our institution between 2013 and 2015 to assess different histological parameters, including lymph node yield, and to evaluate compliance to minimum data sets.

Methods:

After approval by the institutional review board (IRB), we analyzed 1230 histopathology reports of colorectal carcinoma between 2013 and 2015. Various gross and microscopic findings (along with age, sex) were noted, for example, specimen type, tumor site, resection margins including circumferential resection margin (CRM), lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, pTNM stage, lymph node yield, etc.

Results:

Out of 1230 patients, 826 (67.15%) were men and 404 (32.85%) were women. The overall mean age was 52 (range: 18 - 90) years. There were 787 surgeries for rectal cancers. All reports commented on the type of specimen, tumor size (mean = 4.38 cm), proximal, and distal margins. Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and the pT stage were mentioned in 98.06% and 99.84%, respectively. The overall mean lymph node yield was 18.38 (median = 15, range = 0-130 lymph nodes). A statistically significant difference in lymph node yield was detected between rectal and colonic cancer patients (14.79 and 27.26); post neoadjuvant therapy (NACT) cases, and NACT naive cases (13.51 and 25.11); and high tumor stage and low tumor stage disease (20.60 and 15.22). Not commenting on extramural vascular emboli, tumor budding, and CRM in non-rectal cancer cases were the lacunae.

Conclusion:

Our compliance with minimal data sets is satisfactory. The overall mean lymph node yield was 18.38 (median = 15). Extramural vascular emboli, tumor budding need to be captured.
Establishing the [18F]-FDG Production via Two Different Automated Synthesizers for Routine Clinical Studies
Authors: Saxena Priya , Singh Akhilesh Kumar , Dixit Manish , Kheruka Subhash Chandra , Mahmood Tarique , Gambhir Sanjay
Published: June 2021

Introduction:

[18F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]-FDG) is the most widely used positron-emission tomography tracer used for imaging in clinical studies such as early detection of cancer or its malignancies, quantifications, staging, and restaging of several malignancies. For clinical application, routine production of this tracer is mandatory in compliance to regulatory guidelines. Several dedicated commercial synthesizers are currently used for producing[18F]-FDG for clinical usage. Being at hospital radiopharmacy, it is our responsibility and duty to support the clinical service with uninterrupted production and supply of [18F]-FDG. This document describes the production of [18F]-FDG using two different automated synthesizers in terms of its production yield, time of synthesis, and analyze the quality control (QC) of the produced [18F]-FDG.

Materials and Methods:

The precursor, mannose triflate ultra-pure, authentic nonradioactive standard FDG and [18O]-water were obtained from ABX, Germany. Solvents and reagents were purchased from Sigma Aldrich India Ltd. and Fisher Scientific India Ltd., (Mumbai, Maharashtra, India).

Results:

The protocol developed for the synthesis with MPS-100 synthesizer yield of [18F]-FDG is approximate about 45% End of Bombardment (EOB) with synthesis time of around 35 min, whereas with F300E synthesizer it is around 60% with synthesis time of 25 min. The quality of the tracer produced by both synthesizers is at par with the QC parameter for clinical applications.

Conclusions:

Finally, we have developed the production using two automated synthesis modules which have the capability to produce [18F]-FDG, to do the patient studies in good yield and purity. Our protocol is simple, reproducible, and robust.
Ortner's Syndrome Associated with Takayasu's Aortoarteritis Identified on Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron-Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography
Authors: Chandra Piyush , Nath Satish
Published: June 2021

Cardiovocal syndrome or Ortner's syndrome is hoarseness voice due to left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy secondary to nerve compression caused by enlarged cardiovascular structures in the mediastinum. We present here an interesting positron-emission tomography/computed tomography image of a patient suspected to have Takayasu's aortoarteritis and presenting with hoarseness of voice.
Ga-68 DOTATATE Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in a Rare Case of Esthesioneuroblastoma
Authors: Verma Priyanka , Singh Braj Kishore , Singh Inderdeep , Soni Brijesh Kumar , Asopa Ramesh V
Published: June 2021

We describe the Ga-68 DOTATATE positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) findings of a 51-year-old man, operated for right esthesioneuroblastoma. Postoperative Ga-68 DOTATATE PET/CT revealed focal uptake anterior to sphenoid ostium on the right paramedian side, suspicious for residual disease. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an enhancing lesion in posterosuperior nasal cavity on the right side extending into the right sphenoid sinus. He underwent re-surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. The histopathology revealed residual olfactory neuroblastoma. The follow-up Ga-68 DOTATATE PET/CT was negative. This case emphasizes the role of Ga-68 DOTATATE PET/CT in the management, especially in residual or recurrent disease and potential radiotheranostics for these rare tumors.
Parathyroid Carcinoma – A Malignant Cause of Metabolic Skeletal Super Scan on Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography
Authors: Sampath Santhosh , Jeeva Godwin
Published: June 2021

Excessive abnormal tracer uptake in active tracer avid organ(s) with the suppression of physiological background tracer distribution is termed as super scan. Herein, we present an 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT), where the metabolic pattern of skeletal super scan with coexistent parathyroid tumor was seen giving rise to the suspicion of primary hyperparathyroidism. It was subsequently diagnosed as a case of parathyroid carcinoma. Very high levels of serum parathormone in parathyroid carcinoma lead to accelerated bone turn over resulting in metabolic skeletal superscan in FDG-PET/CT which is seldom observed in parathyroid adenoma.
Review of Adverse Reactions Associated with the Use of Common Diagnostic Radiopharmaceuticals
Authors: Meher Bikash Ranjan , Agrawal Kanhaiyalal , Gnanasegaran Gopinath
Published: June 2021

Radiopharmaceuticals are used in the diagnosis and management of various diseases. There are several reports of adverse reactions related to the use of radiopharmaceuticals, though it is not as common as conventional drugs. Adverse reactions related to radiopharmaceuticals have been not widely reported and documented. In this review, we have tried to summarize the adverse reactions associated with some of the commonly used radiopharmaceuticals.
Tuberculosis in Posttransplant Recipients
Authors: Seetharam SJ , Rajaraman Vishnukumar , Halanaik Dhanapathi
Published: June 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) is a common bacterial infection in developing countries. Solid-organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients are more prone to this infection. Reactivation from previously acquired infection is the most common mode. It has to be ruled out in cases of pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) before ruling out the other possibilities. We present two cases of incidentally detected TB in the posttransplant patients referred for the evaluation of PUO.
Designing and Comparing Performances of Image Processing Pipeline for Enhancement of I-131-metaiodobenzylguanidine Images
Authors: Pandey Anil Kumar , Dhiman Shweta , ArunRaj Sreedharan Thankarajan , Patel Chetan , Bal Chandrashekhar , Kumar Rakesh
Published: June 2021

Objective:

An image processing pipeline can have more than one image processing technique in sequence, and the output of the first technique becomes input for the next technique and so on. In this study, we have designed and compared the performances of image processing pipelines for enhancement of I-131-metaiodobenzylguanidine (mIBG) images.

Materials and Methods:

Five different image processing pipelines (A [Gaussian filter, normalization], B [histogram specification (image 1), Gaussian filter, normalization], C [histogram specification (image 2), Gaussian filter, normalization], D [{histogram specification (image 3), Gaussian filter, and normalization], and E [histogram specification (image 4), Gaussian filter, normalization]) were designed and their performances were evaluated on I-131-mIBG images (n = 122). The image quality was assessed objectively using Perception-based Image Quality Evaluator (PIQE) score and subjectively (on scale 1–4) by two nuclear medicine physician. Sign test was applied to find the statistically significant difference between the image quality obtained using image processing pipelines. We applied test of proportion to compute difference in proportion of image quality score assigned to images obtained using image processing pipelines.

Results:

Based on PIQE score, the quality of images obtained using all the five image processing pipelines were significantly better than that of input images (P < 0.001). The highest image quality score (=4) was assigned maximum number of times (n = 90) to the images obtained using image processing pipeline D and was significantly different from that of the second best image processing pipeline E (P = 0.015).

Conclusions:

The image processing pipeline D was found to be better for enhancement of I-131-mIBG images.
Disseminated Rhinosporidiosis Mimicking Pulmonary Metastasis – A Case Report
Authors: Balakrishnan Rabitha , Satheesh Rohith , Felix Vinod , Padmanabhan Arjun
Published: June 2021

Rhinosporidiosis is a granulomatous disease caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi, mostly affecting the nasal mucosa. Extranasal involvement is also reported involving eyes, oral cavity, and skin. Herein, we present a rare case of a patient with disseminated rhinosporidiosis who presented with pulmonary lesions which resembled metastasis.
Prevalence of Haller Infraorbital Ethmoidal Cells on Panoramic Radiograph – A Prospective Study
Authors: Adaki Shridevi , Karagir Amol , Shah Kaushal , Adaki Raghavendra
Published: June 2021

Background:

Haller's cells are anatomical variations in the development of the nose and paranasal sinuses. Numerous pathologies and symptoms are associated with this entity. So the present study was planned to evaluate the prevalence and the characteristics of Haller's cells on panoramic radiographs.

Aim:

The aim was to determine the prevalence and evaluate the characteristics of Haller's cells on panoramic radiographs.

Settings and Design:

Sample was selected from the Department of Oral Medicine, Diagnosis and Radiology, and the study was carried out for 1 year. The panoramic radiographs were evaluated for the presence of Haller cells.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 860 patients of both genders with an age range of 18–60 years. A panoramic radiograph was made and evaluated for the presence of Haller's cells and also side, shape, number of cells, and number of loculae (unilocular or multilocular) were evaluated.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test was done

Results:

Haller's cells were noted in 190 patients, with a prevalence of 22.09%. Out of these, 66.84% were unilateral and 33.15% were bilateral. The majority of the cells were round and irregular in shape. The unilocular type of Haller's cells occurring unilaterally was statistically significant.

Conclusion:

The results of the present study revealed that panoramic radiographs can depict and provide a clear delineation of Haller's cells. The description of the Haller cells is useful in the identification of entities and helps in differential diagnosis for patients having intractable orofacial pain. Further studies will be planned to look for such entities in cases of intractable orofacial pain which will help to alter the treatment planning accordingly.
A Study on Micronuclei in Tobacco and Related Habits
Authors: Patel Twinkal S. , Chaudhary Anjani R. , Dudhia Bhavin B. , Bhatia Parul V. , Patel Purv S. , Jani Yesha V.
Published: June 2021

Introduction:

Oral cancer is one of the ten most common causes of mortality in developing countries like India. A micronucleus (MN) is a small extra nucleus separated from the main one, generated during cellular division by late chromosomes or by chromosome fragments. Micronucleus is a potential biomarker for malignancy.

Aim and Objectives:

The study attempts to analyze micronuclei in buccal smear from patients with tobacco and related habits; and to determine its reliability as a biomarker for carcinogenesis.

Study Design:

A total of 400 consisting of normal subjects, patients with potentially malignant lesions and patients with malignant lesions were included in the study. Oral exfoliated cells were collected by scrapings of buccal mucosa of both control and study groups with a tooth brush. The scrapings collected from right and left buccal mucosa of each subject were studied under two separate slides. A total of 500 cells were examined from each slide. All the micronucleus cells located on each slide were examined again under the 100X magnification.

Results:

The P value for intergroup difference in average number of micronuclei in cells of buccal mucosa among all groups was <0.001 which was highly significant. The P value for micronucleated cells of buccal mucosa among all groups was <0.001 which was highly significant.

Conclusion:

A stepwise increase in MN counts from normal to potentially malignant to carcinoma suggested a link of this biomarker with neoplastic progression. Micronuclei can be used as a biomarker for early detection of premalignant and malignant lesions of the oral cavity.
Anatomical Variations of Mandibular Canal Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography - A Retrospective Study
Authors: Chanda Satarupa , Manoj Reema , Ramaswami Easwaran , Santosh Vasavi , Waghmare Mandavi , Vahanwala Sonal
Published: June 2021

Background:

Precise anatomy and course of mandibular canal is important to obtain the desired outcome of different mandibular surgical procedures and circumvent various surgical complications. This study aimed to document the presence, frequency, and type of mandibular canal variations using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods:

CBCT images of 100 patients with a total of 200 sides (right and left) were obtained retrospectively from the database of Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai. The presence and type of mandibular canal variation were evaluated and classified according to Naitoh et al. classification (2009) along with Rashsuren et al. modification (2014). Prevalence rates were determined according to gender, side of the mandible, and type. Morphometric analysis of the mandibular canal variations was made. Statistical analysis with Chi-square, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Scheffe's tests were performed.

Results:

Mandibular canal variations were found in 13% of patients and 8% of total sides. Type I dental canal (37.50%) was the most common type of accessory canal followed by Type II retromolar canal (31.25%), Type III forward canal type (25%), Type V trifid canal (6.25%), and Type IV buccolingual canal (0%). The retromolar canal had the maximum length and diameter and most of the accessory mandibular canals (60%) had a diameter of more than 50% of that of the main canal.

Conclusion:

Bifid mandibular canal was the most common anatomical variation of the mandibular canal found in this study with dental canal type being the most frequent type. To avoid iatrogenic injuries, a presurgical detailed evaluation of the mandibular canal using CBCT was suggested.
A Baleful Combination of Trigeminal Neuralgia and Menopause
Authors: Mehrotra Vishal , Sachdev Rohan , Garg Kriti , Saxena Shubhra , Sambyal Sheenam
Published: June 2021

Introduction:

Menopause is found to be associated with several adverse changes in the oro-facial complex, which may affect neural mechanisms because of attribution of the estrogen imbalance.

Aim:

The present study was conducted on female patients suffering from trigeminal neuralgia and was either in the peri-menopausal or menopausal age groups. The aim of the present study was to find out the incidence of trigeminal neuralgia in peri-menopausal and menopausal females.

Material and Methods:

In 2 years period, a total of 169 women patients with clinically diagnosed trigeminal neuralgia were included in the study. Based on neuralgic symptoms and gynecologist confirmation, selected patients were subdivided into groups based on age which were further subdivided into perimenopause and menopause. Collected data was tabulated and calculations were made with SPSS v21 and Chi-square test.

Results:

In the present study, 70.4% of patients were of 46–55 years of age which was the maximum proportion. Trigeminal neuralgia was more common in the age group of 46–55 years (82.2%), and the incidence of neuralgic pain was more common in the lower jaws (75.1%) and the right side of the face. In the present study, the lower jaw (79.8) was commonly involved as compared to the upper jaws in both perimenopausal (67.2%) and menopausal women (85.9%).

Conclusion:

This study stated that trigeminal neuralgia affects more commonly the older age group with a high incidence in postmenopausal women as compared to the perimenopausal women, where the lower jaw is more commonly affected in older and postmenopausal females.
Assessment of Clinical Efficacy of Microbiome and Topical Hyaluronic Acid Gel Combination Therapy in Minor Aphthous Ulcer Management – A comparative study
Authors: Kuduva Ramesh Shilpa Shree , Sadaksharam Jayachandran
Published: June 2021

Aim:

This study aimed to determine the clinical efficacy of the combination of microbiomes and 0.2% topical hyaluronic acid gel, alongside topical monotherapy with 0.2% hyaluronic acid gel and steroids, respectively, in minor aphthous ulcer management.

Subjects and Methods:

A total of 45 patients were divided into three groups: Group A (n = 15) –– a combination of microbiome therapy––pre- and probiotics capsules p. o. and topical 0.2% hyaluronic acid gel; Group B (n = 15)––topical 0.2% hyaluronic acid gel; and Group C (n = 15)––0.1% triamcinolone acetonide oromucosal paste. Numerical rating scale (NRS) for pain, ulcer dimensions measured by Digital Planimetry using android mobile application to determine the degree of ulcer healing (%) and occurrence of new ulcers were recorded on 0, third, and seventh days of treatment.

Statistical Analysis Used:

One-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey test among the groups and independent t - test for the degree of ulcer healing between third and seventh days were applied.

Results:

NRS for pain at day 3 showed a statistically significant pain reduction in Group A compared with Groups B and C (P = 0.04, 0.01, respectively). Though Group A showed the highest grade of closure (93.4 ± 2.5%) and a greater decrease in mean NRS score (0.2 ± 0.42) on the seventh day when compared to Groups B and C, results were not statistically significant (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Microbiome and topical hyaluronic acid gel combination therapy helps in immediate pain relief and faster healing. Hence, it could be an excellent alternative for topical steroid management.
Salivary Ki-67 and Micronucleus Assay as Potential Biomarker of OSCC in Betel Nut Chewers
Authors: Triani Maulina , Widodo Haris B. , Novrial Dody , Agustina Dewi , Nawangtantrini Gita
Published: June 2021

Introduction:

Oral cancer is often associated with various factors, such as betel nut consumption, which usually causes specific premalignant lesions. The most common oral cancer is oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) which has a low 5-year survivor rate because early detection of the malignancies is not widely used and not routinely carried out in dental practice. Early detection of malignancy can be done by measuring the salivary Ki-67 level and micronucleus assay from the buccal smear.

Aims and Objectives:

The study aimed to examine the potency of the salivary Ki-67 level and micronucleus assay for early detection of OSCC in betel nut chewers.

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted in 17 betel nut chewers and 17 healthy people as a control group. Saliva was collected with the passive drooling technique and then analyzed using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Buccal smears were taken, then a cytological slide was made and stained using Papanicolaou.

Settings and Design:

This study was a cross-sectional analytic survey that was conducted in the Banyumas District of Indonesia with a post-test- only control group design.

Statistical Analysis:

The statistical analysis used is a non-parametric test using Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests.

Results:

There was a significant difference between the Ki-67 level and micronucleus in the betel nut chewers group and the control group. There was a significant difference between Ki-67 and micronucleus levels in the various types of oral lesions that were found in the betel nut chewer's group.

Conclusion:

Examination of Ki-67 and micronucleus assay is effective as an alternative early biomarker for OSCC.
Mucocutaneous Pemphigus Vegetans-A Rare Case Report
Authors: Jayapriya R. , Chaudhary Manjari , Uma Maheswari T. N. , Muthukrishnan Arvind
Published: June 2021

Pemphigus vegetans, a rare clinical variant of pemphigus vulgaris which is a group of vesiculobullous autoimmune diseases. The characteristic clinical feature of pemphigus vegetans is formation of vegetative plaques in oral mucosa. A 40 year old female patient reported with mucocutaneous ulcerative lesions with lip crustations. This patient was under 8 months follow up with periodic remissions and exacerbation. Hence, this case report highlights the significance of early diagnosis, appropriate therapeutic intervention and periodic follow up of pemphigus vegetans to achieve complete remission and prevent adverse complications of long term immunomodulatory therapy.
Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava
Authors: Garba Nuhu Abubakar , Ahmadu Ibrahim , Abubakar Muhammad Shakur , Asani Mustafa O. , Aliyu Ibrahim
Published: June 2021

Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSV) is an abnormality of drainage of the embryological left cardinal vein, persisting as left superior vena cava and commonly emptying into the right atrium through the coronary sinus. Other drainage patterns include draining into the left pulmonary vein or into the left atrium through its roof and sometimes through the coronary sinus when the defect exists between the coronary sinus and the left atrium. The aim of this report is to indicate the existence of PLSV in this environment and as one of the rarest abnormal venous connections limitedly reported in Nigeria. PLSV is a systemic venous drainage abnormality. Although it may be asymptomatic, it can also present with cardiac failure and severe life-threatening arrhythmias. Dilated coronary sinus during transthoracic echocardiography should be a pointer to a suspected PLSV.
Inverted Ileal Loop Prolapse through Patent Vitellointestinal Duct
Authors: Kumar Prashant , Alam Majeed
Published: June 2021

Patient vitellointestinal duct (VID) is not very common because of its varied presentation and complication, and the prolapse of an inverted ileal loop through patent VID is an extremely rare presentation. Here, we report a case of a 4-month-old boy of patent VID through which distal half of the inverted ileal loop got prolapsed, appearing as Y loop. Emergency laparotomy was done. The ileal loop was reduced and resection anastomosis of the involved ileal segment was performed.
Frank Conjunctival Bleeding in a Male Patient – A Very Rare Presentation
Authors: Das Sujit
Published: June 2021

Frank conjunctival bleeding in an adult male is a very rare presentation. There are so many causes of conjunctival bleedings; hence, a detailed medical history along with investigations apart from ocular, ENT, and a systemic evaluation is very important to find the exact etiology. Here, we present a case of frank conjunctival bleeding in an 18-year-old boy with a history of acne disorder and hematemesis. Detailed ocular, dermatological, and systemic examination has shown a correlation between acne disorder, meibomian gland dysfunction, dry eye syndrome, and Helicobacter pylori (HP) gastritis in this case. HP infection along with androgen hormone overactivity has been thought to be responsible for the pathophysiology of this frank conjunctival bleeding in this case.
Identifying Eschar in Acute Undifferentiated Febrile Illness
Authors: Arun V. A. , Nair Vishnu G. , Kamble Mukesh
Published: June 2021

Scrub typhus is one of the common causes of acute undifferentiated febrile illnesses in India. The manifestations are protean, are nonspecific, and may lead to multiorgan dysfunction syndrome and mortality if prompt recognition and treatment is not received. Identification of eschar through meticulous examination and consequent empirical use of doxycycline can save lives.