bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic low anterior resection and transanal pull-through for low rectal cancer: A case report
Authors: Herath H.M.K.B. , Senevirathne R.M.I.M. , Alwis W.U.C. , Galketiya K.B.
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Surgical resection of lower rectal tumours is often considered to be technically challenging especially when the anal sphincter mechanism needed to be spared to avoid lifelong colostomy. Stapling has made anastomosis below peritoneal reflection easier. However with very low tumours stapling too may be difficult due to short rectal stump. An alternative is to perform a transanal pull through and a colo-anal anastomosis. Use of laparoscopic resection in these cases reduces the morbidity associated with open resections. We report a case of successful use of tansanal pull-through technique to avoid diverting stoma in resection of a lower rectal tumour.
An audit on medical students' exposures to bio-hazards during cadaveric dissections
Authors: Mathangasinghe Y. , Maddumaarachchi H.S.T.M. , Samaranayake U.M.J.E. , Perera M.H.S. , Anthony D.J. , Malalasekera A.P.
Published: March 2019

Medical students are exposed to a wide range of potentially hazardous materials during cadaveric dissections. Therefore, we intended to study the prevalence of occupational exposure to biohazards and the safety measures taken by students.
Tele rehabilitation: two-year experience in conducting medical assessments via tele link
Authors: Andraweera Nalinda
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Telemedicine has been practised for many decades since initial documentation in 1940s when radiology images were sent between two townships in Pennsylvania via telephone lines. Bioinstrumentation and transmission of astronauts’ vital parameters to ground based flight surgeons came to forefront during NASA’s space programme in 1960s. During following decades, telemedicine was used in multiple medical specialties as a mode of patient assessment. Use of telemedicine in Rehabilitation Medicine is relatively recent. As multidisciplinary coordinated care led by rehabilitation physicians and allied clinicians is required, proformas are used in tele rehabilitation assessments. Proformas help to generate a clinical document with medical and allied health assessments in one clinical record. Currently, delivery of rehabilitation services is further empowered, enhanced and in evolution with the installation of dedicated software programmes for use by allied health clinicians. Most units operating tele medicine for rehabilitation medical services use trained proctor with the client/patient to enable more comprehensive examination to aid clinical decision when the physician is stationed in a distant site.
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery - past, present and future
Authors: Banagala Upali
Published: March 2019

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a common reported injury in an athlete. Historically, with the first description of the structure of ACL in 150 AD, the surgical repair and reconstruction techniques have evolved. Over the years the ACL surgery was done as direct repair, reconstruction, anatomical repair, intra-articular repair and extra-articular repair. This narrative review will discuss the different modes and techniques used for surgery chronologically, the challenges and outcomes with regard to the surgery, and the latest techniques used to improve patient outcome.
Cutting Edge: Nrf2 Regulates Neutrophil Recruitment and Accumulation in Skin during Contact Hypersensitivity
Authors: Helou Doumet Georges , Noël Benoît , Gaudin Françoise , Groux Hervé , El Ali Zeina , Pallardy Marc , Chollet-Martin Sylvie , Kerdine-Römer Saadia
Published: March 2019

Neutrophils are essential during contact hypersensitivity (CHS), a common skin allergic disease. NF-E2–related factor-2 (Nrf2) is a key regulator of redox balance and skin homeostasis playing a protective role in CHS. In this study, we investigated Nrf2 role in neutrophil recruitment during the sensitization phase of CHS. Comparing wild-type and Nrf2 knockout mice, we demonstrated that Nrf2 regulated dinitrochlorobenzene-induced xenoinflammation, notably neutrophil recruitment to sensitized skin. Nrf2 protective role was associated with high expression of antioxidant genes (ho-1, gclc, nqo1…) and decreased chemokine production (CCL2, CCL4, CCL11). Interestingly, skin sensitization induced CD36 upregulation in skin-resident macrophages. In vitro results confirmed that the transcription of cd36 gene in macrophages was dependent on Nrf2 and led to an improved capacity to phagocyte-damaged neutrophils by efferocytosis. Nrf2 emerges as a critical target in the sensitization phase of CHS regulating neutrophil recruitment and accumulation in the skin through antioxidant-dependent and -independent mechanisms.
The First Decade of Web-Based Sports Injury Surveillance: Descriptive Epidemiology of Injuries in US High School Boys' Lacrosse (2008–2009 Through 2013–2014) and National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Lacrosse (2004–2005 Through 2013–2014)
Authors: Pierpoint Lauren A. , Lincoln Andrew E. , Walker Nina , Caswell Shane V. , Currie Dustin W. , Knowles Sarah B. , Wasserman Erin B. , Dompier Thomas P. , Comstock R. Dawn , Marshall Stephen W. , Kerr Zachary Y.
Published: March 2019

Context

The advent of Web-based sports injury surveillance via programs such as the High School Reporting Information Online system and the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program has aided the acquisition of boys' and men's lacrosse injury data.

Objective

To describe the epidemiology of injuries sustained in high school boys' lacrosse in the 2008–2009 through 2013–2014 academic years and collegiate men's lacrosse in the 2004–2005 through 2013–2014 academic years using Web-based sports injury surveillance.

Design

Descriptive epidemiology study.

Setting

Online injury surveillance from lacrosse teams of high school boys (annual average = 55) and collegiate men (annual average = 14).

Patients or Other Participants

Boys' and men's lacrosse players who participated in practices and competitions during the 2008–2009 through 2013–2014 academic years in high school or the 2004–2005 through 2013–2014 academic years in college.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Athletic trainers collected time-loss (≥24 hours) injury and exposure data. Injury rates per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs), injury rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and injury proportions by body site and diagnosis were calculated.

Results

High School Reporting Information Online documented 1407 time-loss injuries during 662 960 AEs. The National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program documented 1882 time-loss injuries during 390 029 AEs. The total injury rate from 2008–2009 through 2013–2014 was higher in college than in high school (3.77 versus 2.12/1000 AEs; IRR = 1.78; 95% CI = 1.63, 1.94). Most injuries occurred during competitions in high school (61.4%) and practices in college (61.4%). Injury rates were higher in competitions compared with practices in high school (IRR = 3.59; 95% CI = 3.23, 4.00) and college (IRR = 3.38; 95% CI = 3.08, 3.71). Lower limb injuries, muscle strains, and ligament sprains were common at both levels. Concussion was the most frequent competition diagnosis for all high school player positions.

Conclusions

Rates of time-loss injury were higher in college versus high school and in competitions versus practices. Attention to preventing common lower leg injuries and concussions, especially at the high school level, is essential to decrease their incidence and severity.
La representación de la inmigración en la ficción serial española contemporánea de prime time
Authors: Marcos Ramos María , González de Garay Dominguez Beatriz , Portillo Delgado Carla
Published: March 2019

Introducción. La presente investigación tiene como propósito dar a conocer el estado de la representación actual de la inmigración en las series de televisión españolas emitidas en prime time en las principales cadenas generalistas. Metodología. A partir del análisis de contenido efectuado a 26 series de producción española de 2016 y el primer semestre del 2017 y a un total de 723 personajes (n = 723), se buscó determinar si existe una imagen desigual entre los personajes nacionales e inmigrantes. Resultados. Se concluye que existe una infrarrepresentación de la inmigración residente en España y una sobrerrepresentación de la emigración española. Los personajes no españoles provienen mayoritariamente de Europa, África y Estados Unidos, ocupan de manera predominante, roles narrativos de background y están caracterizados con una mayor formación universitaria, una menor representación de técnicos de cuadro medio y estudiantes y una mayor presencia de actividades de tipo delictivo y policía/militar.
Gestão por competência: os desafios na implementação do plano de acompanhamento do desenvolvimento individual
Authors: do Vale Borini Priscilla , Tomazelli da Fonte Andressa , Alves Oliveira Telles Tânia Eliete
Published: March 2019

The Competence Management is a tool that covers the management of people with a focus on skills, being a relevant area in the modern conception of human resources within the Company, as it tends to approximate the indirect and organizational objectives. Given the importance of the follow-up of skills within companies, the study sought to analyze the challenges in implementing the monitoring of individual development plan, based on the practices adopted by the people of the studied company management system. It is a qualitative research with descriptive, where we conducted a case study in a system S Company. It was conducted the literature review on the topic and the triangulation technique in data collection being a semi-structured and personal interview with the management of HR, questionnaires and in-depth interviews to employees, company documents analysis with strategic direction, operating policies and procedures, as well as materials on the management of the project. Results indicate that it is a process that requires many changes, allow the professional self-development and the development of employees with the right skills to organizational needs of the Company to be aligned in the construction of individual development expanding the organizational benefits and therefore the defined objectives.
Characteristics of wintertime VOCs in suburban and urban Beijing: concentrations, emission ratios, and festival effects
Authors: Li Kun , Li Junling , Tong Shengrui , Wang Weigang , Huang Ru-Jin , Ge Maofa
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were performed at a suburban site and an urban site in Beijing during the winter of 2014–2015. The VOC concentrations and emission ratios (ERs) to CO were compared at these two sites. It is found that though the VOC concentrations at the urban site are 2.67 ± 1.15 times of those at the suburban site, the ERs are similar (within a factor of 1.5). It is indicated that: (1) the VOCs at suburban areas are mainly from the transportation from the urban areas; (2) the ERs measured at the urban areas are also valid for the surrounding suburban areas. By comparing the diurnal variations and the contribution of anthropogenic emissions at both sites, we find that the photochemical processes are very active at the urban site, and these processes play an important role in the daytime oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs) formation. The methanol at the urban site and the formic acid at the suburban site probably have additional sources, which are attributed to be solvent use and soil/agriculture, respectively. The festival effects from Chinese New Year (CNY) were investigated. The VOC concentrations decreased ~ 60 % during CNY holidays, probably due to the population migration during festival holidays. In addition, fireworks are found to be an important source of acetonitrile, aromatics, and some OVOCs during CNY festival, and should be controlled more strictly. This study provides key characteristics of wintertime VOCs in suburban and urban Beijing, and has implications for better understanding the atmospheric chemistry of VOCs in and around this megacity.
Notes on the correlation between SSWs and solar activity
Authors: Vorobeva Ekaterina
Published: March 2019

Abstract. A correlation between solar activity and normalized occurrence rate of sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) has been found. As a proxy for solar activity, F10.7 cm radio flux has been used. In order to find the correlation, we derived a normalized occurrence rate of MSSWs based on both ERA40/ERA-Interim dataset and NCEP data. Based on this distribution, we calculated the correlation coefficient, which amounts to 0.6314, with a significance of 90.68 % for ERA40/ERA-Interim, and 0.5455 for NCEP-NCAR-I, with a significance of 83.80 %. Additionally, we calculate correlation coefficients for Lyman-alpha flux and sunspot numbers with the analogous method for the same period.
Data analysis and model building for understanding catchment
processes: the case study of the Thur catchment
Authors: Dal Molin Marco , Schirmer Mario , Zappa Massimiliano , Fenicia Fabrizio
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The development of semidistributed hydrological models that reflect the dominant processes controlling streamflow spatial variability is a challenging task. This study addresses this problem by investigating the case of the Thur catchment (Switzerland), an alpine and pre–alpine catchment that, while having a moderate (1702 km2) extension, presents a large spatial variability in terms of climate, landscape, and streamflow (measured at 10 subcatchments). The methodology for model development consists of a two–stages approach. In a first stage, we use correlation and regression analysis to identify the main influencing factors on the spatial variability of streamflow signatures. Results of this analysis show that precipitation (rainfall or snow) controls signatures of seasonality and water balance, while landscape characteristics (especially geology) control signatures of hydrograph shape (e.g. baseflow index and flashiness index). In a second stage, we use the results of the previous analysis to develop a semidistributed hydrological model that is consistent with the data. Model experiments confirm that only hydrological models that account for the heterogeneity of precipitation and geology produce hydrographs that have signatures similar to the observed ones. These models provide consistent results in space–time validation, which is promising for prediction in ungauged conditions. The presented methodology can be transferred to other case studies, since the data used in this work (meteorological variables, streamflow, morphology and geology maps) is available in many regions around the globe.
A general analytical model for head response to oscillatory pumping in unconfined aquifers: effects of delayed gravity drainage and initial condition
Authors: Huang Ching-Sheng , Tsai Ya-Hsin , Yeh Hund-Der , Yang Tao
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Oscillatory pumping tests (OPTs) provide an alternative to constant-head and
constant-rate pumping tests for determining aquifer hydraulic parameters when
OPT data are analyzed based on an associated analytical model coupled with an
optimization approach. There are a large number of analytical models presented
for the analysis of the OPT. The combined effects of delayed gravity
drainage (DGD) and the initial condition regarding the hydraulic head are
commonly neglected in the existing models. This study aims to develop a new
model for describing the hydraulic head fluctuation induced by the OPT in an
unconfined aquifer. The model contains a groundwater flow equation with the
initial condition of a static water table, Neumann boundary condition specified
at the rim of a partially screened well, and a free surface equation
describing water table motion with the DGD effect. The solution is derived
using the Laplace, finite-integral, and Weber transforms. Sensitivity
analysis is carried out for exploring head response to the change in each
hydraulic parameter. Results suggest that the DGD reduces to instantaneous
gravity drainage in predicting transient head fluctuation when the dimensionless
parameter a1=ϵSyb/Kz exceeds 500 with empirical
constant ϵ, specific yield Sy, aquifer thickness b,
and vertical hydraulic conductivity Kz. The water table can be regarded
as a no-flow boundary when a1<10-2 and P<104 s, with P being
the period of the oscillatory pumping rate. A pseudo-steady-state model without
the initial condition causes a time-shift from the actual transient model in
predicting simple harmonic motion of head fluctuation during a late pumping
period. In addition, the present solution agrees well with head fluctuation
data observed at the Savannah River site. Highlights. An analytical model of the hydraulic head
due to oscillatory pumping in unconfined aquifers is presented. Head
fluctuations affected by instantaneous and delayed gravity drainages are
discussed. The effect of the initial condition on the phase of head fluctuation
is analyzed. The present solution agrees well with head fluctuation data taken
from field oscillatory pumping.
Measurements of air–sea gas transfer velocities in the Baltic Sea
Authors: Nagel Leila , Krall Kerstin E. , Jähne Bernd
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Heat transfer velocities measured during three different
campaigns in the Baltic Sea using the active controlled flux technique (ACFT)
with wind speeds ranging from 5.3 to 14.8 m s−1 are presented. Careful
scaling of the heat transfer velocities to gas transfer velocities using
Schmidt number exponents measured in a laboratory study allows us to compare
the measured transfer velocities to existing gas transfer velocity
parameterizations, which use wind speed as the controlling parameter. The
measured data and other field data clearly show that some gas transfer
velocities are much lower than those based on the empirical wind speed
parameterizations. This indicates that the dependencies of the transfer
velocity on the fetch, i. e., the history of the wind and the age of the
wind-wave field, and the effects of surface-active material need to be taken
into account.
O desempenho das feiras do agronegócio no MATOPIBA: consumo produtivo para o campo moderno
Authors: Souza Glaycon Vinícios Antunes
Published: March 2019

No atual período de globalização, a técnica, a ciência e a informação configuram-se como tríade inseparável na realização do processo produtivo. Essa situação atinge os espaços urbanos e os espaços agrícolas. Um dos elementos que promove e dissemina novos produtos técnico-científicos para a produção agrícola moderna são as feiras/exposições agropecuárias que se conformam em verdadeiras vitrines para o consumo produtivo no campo moderno. Nosso objetivo é investigar o papel desempenhado por algumas feiras do agronegócio realizadas na região agrícola atualmente conhecida como MATOPIBA (que agrega porções da Bahia, Maranhão, Piauí e do Tocantins), sobretudo a Bahia Farm Show e a Agrotins, que são as principais feiras de divulgação de inovações para o agronegócio da região.

Palavras-chave: Agricultura competitiva, Comércio, Bahia Farm Show, Agrotins.
Permanências e singularidades da festa de São José do município de Pedrinhas/Sergipe
Authors: Dourado Auceia Matos , Vargas Maria Augusta Mundim
Published: March 2019

Em Sergipe, as festas religiosas católicas são numerosas. Elas são realizadas pelas arquidioceses, dioceses, vicariatos, paróquias, capelas ou, espontaneamente, pelo povo. Essas festas expressam um momento de fé, agradecimento, reverência e devoção ao santo padroeiro. Dentre todos os padroeiros católicos, São José é o mais comemorado em Sergipe, estado que possui o maior número de igrejas envolvidas. O presente artigo discute a paisagem da Festa de São José – considerada a mais importante do calendário festivo da cidade sergipana de Pedrinhas –, buscando compreender suas mobilidades, permanências e singularidades. O trabalho foi realizado por meio de observações in loco, tanto dos preparativos como do festejo propriamente dito, aplicação de questionários, entrevistas com participantes e organizadores da festa, e registro fotográfico.

Palavras-chave: Festa religiosa, padroeiro, São José, paisagem.
O ensino do lugar: reflexões sobre o conceito de lugar na Geografia
Authors: De Azevedo Mariângela Oliveira , Olanda Elson Rodrigues
Published: March 2019

O presente trabalho origina-se da dissertação de mestrado intitulada O ensino do lugar e o lugar do ensino: o conceito de lugar geográfico como dimensão de uma educação emancipadora no Ciclo II do Ensino Fundamental. O artigo que aqui propomos, intitulado “O ensino do lugar: reflexões sobre o conceito de lugar na Geografia”, tem por base o capítulo 2 da referida dissertação. Neste trabalho, buscamos realizar uma reflexão específica a respeito do conceito de lugar em Geografia, apresentando diferentes concepções teóricas, especialmente nas linhas crítica e humanística, suas significações científicas e aplicações cotidianas ao ensino de Geografia no Ciclo II do Ensino Fundamental. Ainda, abordamos a relação dialética entre o lugar e o mundo em uma perspectiva multiescalar, imersa no processo de globalização econômica atual. Com isso, intentamos delinear as discussões sobre o lugar geográfico na Geografia acadêmica e na Geografia escolar, identificando e analisando as bases teóricas que nos ancoraram na reflexão sobre a prática pedagógica em sala de aula.

Palavras-chave: Ensino de Geografia. Lugar. Ciclo II.
A ESTRATÉGIA ESPACIAL DE INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO DE EMPRESAS BRASILEIRAS DO SETOR FRIGORÍFICO: OS CASOS DA JBS E DA MINERVA
Authors: Aurélio Neto Onofre
Published: March 2019

A internacionalização de empresas brasileiras é um fenômeno recente e que chama atenção pelo aceleradoprocesso de abertura de unidades de produção no exterior. Ao averiguar barreiras comerciais que afetam asexportações brasileiras de carne bovina, constatou-se que as medidas restritivas existentes no comérciointernacional de carne impulsionaram a dispersão geográfica de empresas brasileiras para fora do territórionacional, com o intuito de aumentarem as suas participações no mercado mundial. A partir do estudo de casodas multinacionais JBS e Minerva, verificou-se que a abertura de filiais em territórios estrangeiros é umaestratégia espacial adotada pelas empresas, uma vez que a localização das unidades de produção visa acessarmercados-alvo internos e externos. Ao dispor de uma ampla plataforma de produção e comercialização,estrategicamente posicionada, as multinacionais brasileiras da carne estabeleceram uma integração diretacom os principais mercados globais e alavancaram suas receitas operacionais.Palavras-chave: Internacionalização. Barreiras comerciais. Estratégia espacial.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Environmental Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. 8 No. 1
Authors: Young Jenny
Published: March 2019

Environmental Management and Sustainable Development (EMSD) would like to thank the following reviewers for reviewing manuscripts from November 1, 2018, to February 1, 2019. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Many authors, regardless of whether EMSD publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Macrothink Institute appreciates the following reviewers’ rigorous and conscientious efforts for this journal. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review during this period. Christiane do Nascimento Monte, BrazilErfan Babaee Tirkolaee, IranFarooq Sher, United KingdomGiacomo Chiesa, ItalyHayssam Mohamed Ali, EgyptJoão Fernando Pereira Gomes, PortugueseKhalid Alahmadi, Saudi ArabiaMarwa Marwa Elkady, EgyptMona M. Amin Abdel-Fatah, EgyptOylum Gokkurt Baki, TurkeyTateda Masafumi, Japan
Jesus as the Heavenly Temple in the Fourth Gospel
Authors: Greene Joseph R.
Published: March 2019

The majority of Johannine scholars agree that the Fourth Gospel presents Jesus as fulfilling the temple. This article argues that the Fourth Gospel advances this fulfilment by closely associating Jesus with the heavenly temple more than the earthly. The thesis coheres with many previous studies but furthers the discussion by focusing on how the heavenly temple emphasis interacts with the temple-fulfillment theme. The Johannine Jesus embodied the more transcendent reality of the heavenly temple, and his return to heaven began the eschatological expansion of God’s temple presence through the Spirit. This argument is supported by (1) pointing to the pervasive importance placed on the heavenly temple in the first century, (2) examining specific temple-fulfillment texts and consistent motifs/terminology in the Fourth Gospel, and (3) showing how the correlation of Jesus with the heavenly temple better accounts for the post-resurrection fulfillment assumed in the temple-related texts.
“Holsum to haue in memory”: An Added Tale in an English Book of Hours
Authors: Rentz Ellen K.
Published: March 2019

San Marino, Huntington Library MS HM 64538, an English book of hours (ca. 1425–50), contains a versified Middle English exemplum (laid out as prose) about the efficacy of praying for the dead in Purgatory. This unusual addition to a largely Latin manuscript originated in the thirteenth-century Golden Legend before circulating in Middle English in John Mirk's late-fourteenth-century Festial. A nearly identical version (laid out in verse) appears as part of a series of religious lyrics in London, British Library MS Harley 2251, a poetic anthology closely associated with Lydgate. As an addition to HM 64538, the story reshapes the book as commemorative, and its complex textual biography challenges us to reconsider books of hours as texts that enrich collective worship and as archives of vernacular literary practice and production.
The Earliest Record of John Lydgate at Hatfield Regis
Authors: Sobecki Sebastian
Published: March 2019

This essay introduces four new life records for John Lydgate, dating from 1425 and 1427. All four are legal records from the Court of Common Pleas produced during his tenure as prior of Hatfield Regis. The most important of these, discussed here in detail, is the first item, a plea ordering Lydgate to enclose fields belonging to his priory. This document, dating from January or February 1425, is the earliest record identifying Lydgate as prior of Hatfield Regis, and it may suggest that he was already in France at this time.
A tirania como categoria jurídica de governo: a construção do ius publicum medieval na obra de Bartolo de Saxoferato
Authors: Dal Ri Jr. Arno , Nunes Diego
Published: March 2019

O trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a tirania na obra de Bartolo de Saxoferrato enquanto categoria jurídica. Para tanto, realiza-se uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a formação do ius publicum medieval e uma análise dos Tratactus bartolianos De Regimine Civitatis e Tyrannidis. Percebe-se uma sofisticada construção jurídica aliada a um pragmatismo político que faz com que Bartolo dê respostas inovadoras à questão da legitimidade do poder comunal no século XIV.
Apelação penal e especificação de motivos: análise da jurisprudência italiana de cassação sobre o controle de admissibilidade recursal em segundo grau
Authors: Capparelli Bruna , Vasconcellos Vinicius Gomes de
Published: March 2019

Este artigo analisa o posicionamento da Suprema Corte italiana concernente à inadmissibilidade da apelação em razão do defeito de especificidade dos motivos, com especial atenção à decisão 8.825 de 2016. Provisoriamente, revolveu-se o aceso debate jurisprudencial entre, de um lado, quem sustenta que esses motivos devam ser específicos, assim como imposto para o recurso em cassação, e quem, de outro, ao contrário, considerando o caráter devolutivo da apelação, sustenta que a exigência de especificidade das impugnações que fundamentam o recurso possa ser entendida com menor rigor do que no juízo de legitimidade, em virtude do princípio do favor impugnationis. Diante de um cenário geral de contrastes jurisprudenciais e incertezas, questiona-se se o atual quadro normativo de referência é suficiente para guiar o interprete no exame de admissibilidade recursal. Esse panorama é analisado em comparação com o regime brasileiro e com as orientações da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos, de modo a verificar eventuais contribuições dessa experiência italiana.
«Els alertadors de corrupció». Conclusions
Authors: Capdeferro Òscar
Published: March 2019

El 19 de desembre de 2018 va tenir lloc a la Universitat Oberta de Catalunya el seminari «Els alertadors de corrupció», dirigit pel doctor Agustí Cerrillo, catedràtic de dret administratiu. Durant la jornada, diversos especialistes principals en la matèria, provinents tant de l’acadèmia com de les agències anticorrupció i la societat civil (per ex., la xarxa X-Net) van debatre i presentar les seves idees sobre els canals de denúncia i la figura de l’alertador de corrupció.
Byarkivets utstilling
Authors: Byarkiv Tromsø
Published: March 2019

Utstilling organisert av Byarkivet i Tromsø i anledning Verdensteaterets 100-årsjubileum. Utstillingen åpnet på Tromsø bibliotek og byarkiv den 29. august 2016 og fortalte historien til Verdensteatret i tekst og bilder.
Chronic fluoxetine treatment of juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio) does not elicit changes in basal cortisol levels and anxiety-like behavior in adulthood
Authors: Petrunich-Rutherford Maureen L.
Published: March 2019

Exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) during development may elicit long-term neuroadaptive changes that could alter the basal regulation of stress-associated physiological and behavioral processes later in life. Currently, the effects of juvenile fluoxetine exposure in rodent models appear to be dependent on the developmental window targeted as well as the duration of drug exposure. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) model is rapidly becoming a useful tool in pharmacological research and can be used to help elucidate some of the long-term effects of fluoxetine exposure prior to sexual maturation on neuroendocrine and behavioral stress markers. In the current study, juvenile zebrafish were chronically exposed to fluoxetine hydrochloride (0 or 100 μg/L) for 14 days (31–44 days post-fertilization (dpf)), then were left untreated until young adulthood. Starting at 90 dpf, basal neuroendocrine stress and behavioral responses of zebrafish were assessed. Cortisol was extracted from the young adult zebrafish body (trunk) and quantified via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Anxiety-like behaviors were assessed in response to introduction to the novel tank test. It was expected that juvenile exposure to fluoxetine would (1) reduce basal cortisol levels and (2) elicit anxiolytic effects in the novel tank test in adulthood. However, fluoxetine exposure during the juvenile period was not associated with alterations in basal levels of cortisol nor were there any significant changes in anxiety-like behavior in the young adult zebrafish. Thus, in zebrafish, it does not appear that SSRI exposure during the juvenile period has a long-term adverse or maladaptive impact on the basal expression of cortisol and anxiety-like behavior in adulthood. Further studies are needed to determine if SSRI exposure during this developmental window influences neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to acute stress.
cRegulome: an R package for accessing microRNA and transcription factor-gene expression correlations in cancer
Authors: Ahmed Mahmoud , Kim Deok Ryong
Published: March 2019

Background

Transcription factors and microRNAs play a critical role in regulating the gene expression in normal physiology and pathological conditions. Many bioinformatics tools were built to predict and identify transcription factor and microRNA targets and their role in the development of diseases including cancers. The availability of public access high-throughput data allows researchers to make data-driven predictions.

Implementation

Here, we developed an R package called cRegulome to access, manage and visualize data from open source databases. The package provides a programmatic access to the regulome (transcription factor and microRNA) expression correlations with target genes of different cancer types. It obtains a local instance of Cistrome Cancer and miRCancerdb databases and provides classes and methods to query, interact with and visualize the correlation data.

Availability

cRegulome is available on the comprehensive R archive network (CRAN) and the source code is hosted on GitHub as part of the ROpenSci on-boarding collection, https://github.com/ropensci/cRegulome.
Environmental inactivation and irrigation-mediated regrowth of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on romaine lettuce when inoculated in a fecal slurry matrix
Authors: Chase Jennifer A. , Partyka Melissa L. , Bond Ronald F. , Atwill Edward R.
Published: March 2019

Field trials were conducted in July–August and October 2012 to quantify the inactivation rate of Escherichia coli O157:H7 when mixed with fecal slurry and applied to romaine lettuce leaves. Lettuce was grown under commercial conditions in Salinas Valley, California. One-half milliliter of rabbit, chicken, or pig fecal slurry, containing an average of 4.05 × 107 CFU E. coli O157:H7 (C0), was inoculated onto the upper (adaxial) surface of a lower leaf on 288 heads of lettuce per trial immediately following a 2.5 h irrigation event. To estimate the bacterial inactivation rate as a function of time, fecal matrix, irrigation and seasonal climate effects, sets of lettuce heads (n = 28) were sampled each day over 10 days and the concentration of E. coli O157:H7 (Ct) determined. E. coli O157:H7 was detected on 100% of heads during the 10-day duration, with concentrations ranging from ≤340 MPN/head (∼5-log reduction) to >3.45 × 1012 MPN/head (∼5-log growth). Relative to C0, on day 10 (Ct = 12) we observed an overall 2.6-log and 3.2-log mean reduction of E. coli O157:H7 in July and October, respectively. However, we observed relative maximum concentrations due to bacterial growth on day 6 (maximum Ct = 8) apparently stimulated by foliar irrigation on day 5. From this maximum there was a mean 5.3-log and 5.1-log reduction by day 10 (Ct = 12) for the July and October trials, respectively. This study provides insight into the inactivation and growth kinetics of E. coli O157:H7 on romaine lettuce leaves under natural field conditions. This study provides evidence that harvesting within 24 h post irrigation has the potential to increase the concentration of E. coli O157:H7 contamination, if present on heads of romaine lettuce; foliar irrigation can temporarily stimulate substantial regrowth of E. coli O157:H7.
Diabetes Diagnosis Using Fuzzy – Neuro Hybrid Control Model
Authors: Ali Danladi
Published: March 2019

Diabetes is caused due to an inability of a body to produce or respond to hormone insulin causing abnormal metabolism of carbohydrate which can lead to rising in sugar level in the blood. This work proposed a fuzzy -  neuro hybrid control model to diagnose diabetes in terms of seven symptoms such as an increase in urination, increase in thirst, increase in fatigue, tingling in hands/feet, blurred vision, sores slow to heal and significant loss of weight. 15 patients were diagnosed with sugar levels as followed 9.6 mmol/l, 6.8 mmol/l, 9.1 mmol/l, 11.2 mmol/l, 6.5 mmol/l, 5.7 mmol/l, 11.8mmol/l, 8.9 mmol/l, 7.0 mmol/l, 11.0 mmol/l, 8.5 mmol/l, 9.0mmol/l, 12.4 mmol/l, 9.5 mmol/l and 10.4 mmol/l. The average diagnosis error is obtained as 0.05%, which is acceptable in medical diagnosis. In this regards, it is recommended that fuzzy- neuro hybrid control model is a good soft computing tool for diagnosing diabetes.
Creation of Connected Word Speech Corpus for Bangla Speech Recognition Systems
Authors: Farukuzzaman Khan Md. , Abdus Sobhan M.
Published: March 2019

A new speech corpus of connected Bangla words derived from newspapers text corpus BdNC01 has recorded. This has been designed for various research activities related to speaker-independent Bangla speech recognition. The database consists of speech of 100 speakers, each of them uttered 52 sentences as connected words for training database. Another 50 new speakers were employed to speak all the list of speech to construct a test database. Every utterance was repeated 5 times in various days to avoid time variation of speaker property. A total of 62 hours of recording makes the corpus largest in its type, size and application area. This paper describes the motivation for the corpus and the processes undertaken in its construction. The paper concludes with the usability of the corpus.
Conversation Modeling with Neural Network
Authors: Y. Patil Jivan , P. Potdar Girish
Published: March 2019

The ability to process, understand and interact in natural language carries high importance for building a Intelligent system, as it will greatly affect the way of communicating with the system. Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have achieved excellent performance for many of machine learning problems and are widely accepted for applications in the field of computer vision and supervised  learning. Although DNNs work well with availability of large labeled training set, it cannot be used to map complex structures like sentences end-to-end. Existing approaches for conversational modeling are domain specific and require handcrafted rules. This paper proposes a simple approach based on use of neural networks’ recently proposed sequence to sequence framework. The proposed model generates reply by predicting sentence using chained probability for given sentence(s) in conversation. This model is trained end-to-end on large data set. Proposed approach uses Attention to focus text generation on intent of conversation as well as beam search to generate optimum output with some diversity.Primary findings show that model shows common sense reasoning on movie transcript data set.
Against the Tell Friend Email Security Vulnerability
Authors: Hameed Yassir Ali
Published: March 2019

Today an E-mail service is one principal tool in our daily work and life. We cannot dispense Email services. Spammers continue to develop their techniques to flood our inbox daily. On the other hand, websites are created to be in different types of different goals like news, sports, environments, staticialists, governments, etc. Websites may be in its environments, static sites, programs, or databases, and very often a combination of the three integrating relational databases as a back-end. Websites require intensive care in configuration and programming to assure a security factor, confidentiality, and trustworthiness of the published information. Most websites have many scripts that give visitors elastic options to share some subject's links URL with their friends one of that by using a tell a friend form. One of most well-known attacks over the internet is done by SQL-injection, though SQL-injections back to exploits, weak validation of textual input that is used to build tell friend scripts which cause dangerous attacks threat email user's privacy through cheating attacks. In this paper, the author aims to analyse a tell friend exploit and proposes a solution to stop this exploit.

Category: Information Security.
Traffic Modeling Using Raw Packet Generator on Corporate Computer Network
Authors: Danladi A. , P. Vasira G.
Published: March 2019

Fractal dimension is mathematically defined as a ratio of statistical complexity of network traffic; its significant manifestation can affect the network performance. In this work, two models of corporate computer networks have been developed using optimized network engineering tool (OPNET) technology. Raw packet generator (RPG) traffic was imposed on the corporate networks and modeled using H = 0.7 and D = 1.3, under the influence of Pareto distribution. Autocorrelation function and power law were used to confirm the presence of fractal traffic on the networks. Average Hurst index (H) of 50 and 100 workstations were estimated using aggregate of variance, absolute moment, periodogram and R/S methods as 0.627, 0.608 and its corresponding fractal dimensions (D) were obtained as 1.371 and 1.391 respectively. These results obtained mean, there is a manifestation of fractal traffic and delay is minimised on the network.
Smart Technologies for Smart Campus Information System
Authors: Nachandiya Nathan , Gambo Yusufu , B. Joel Neil’s , Davwar Philemon
Published: March 2019

The increasing development of intelligent technologies offer opportunities for objects in the real world to communicate using sensors and communication networks. One of the application areas is the smart campus for the smart information system. The construction of the smart campus based on smart technologies such as Bigdata, cloud computing, mobile computing, network infrastructure needs the understanding and the exploration of these technologies in the development process. This conceptual paper explored the roles of smart technologies in developing a smart campus. Analysis of the key concepts; the architectural layers for the smart campus were proposed hoping to promote smart campus information system for a sustainable intelligent campus. The concept could be a platform for developing smart city in a developing context.
A Method for the Dynamic Distribution of Special Population Prediction Based on GA-BP
Authors: Zhou Hui , Wu Chunxue , Wu Yan , Xiong Naixue
Published: March 2019

In order to predict the dynamic distribution of special population effectively, it is very necessary to establish an early warning population system. In this paper, a Back Propagation (BP) neural network quantitative prediction optimization model based Genetic Algorithm (GA-BP model) is proposed. Firstly, the initial weight and the thresholds of the BP network are optimized by GA. Then, the BP network starts training the related data of special population, which will be used to predict the distribution of special population. Finally, some standard errors are used to verify the proposed GA-BP model, and the simulation results demonstrate that GA-BP model outperforms the GA both in prediction accuracy and convergence. According to the average value of the MSE index numerical results of the defined function, the following numerical results are obtained: for the model established, the average value of the GA-BP function is 10.3273 compared with the average of 20.8815 of the BP model, and has better performance and more stable performance.  In addition, the improved model can be adopted to show the early warning of the population distribution, which has a certain reference value for urban traffic managers.
A Study on the Adoption of Software as a Service (SaaS) in Online Business SMEs in Sri Lanka
Authors: Ayoobkhan Ahamed Lebbe Mohamed , Asirvatham David
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that influence the adoption of Software as Service (SaaS) at Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) that have adopted online business in Sri Lanka. Prior studies have shown that SMEs significantly benefit due to the adoption of SaaS. The research sough to explain the adoption of SaaS using Awareness, Trust, Cost, Top Management Support, Complexity and Relative advantage. Conceptualization of this researcher’s variables and their interrelationship have been supported by theory of Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) of Rogers’ (1962) and Technological Organizational and Environmental (TOE) Framework of Tornatzky and Fleisher (1990). The study was conducted among 250 randomly selected SMEs adopting online business using questionnaires addressed to managerial and ICT professionals who were capable of making ICT decision at SMEs under study. However only 224 questionnaires were returned with complete data required for the purpose of analysis. The study employed principal component analysis to reduce the data and employed Ordinary Least Square (OLS) to test the relationship between the variables. It is found that Cost (CT), Complexity (CX) and Relative Advantages (RA) are having significant impact on SaaS adoption in SMEs in Sri Lanka. This study extends the existing body of knowledge by providing empirical support for explaining SaaS adoption by SMEs in Sri Lanka. The finding will help various parties engaging in promoting the adoption of SaaS among SMEs with the view of SMEs’ development in Sri Lanka. On this basis, the researchers are able to recommend firstly, that SaaS is playing a significant role for the development of SMEs in this area of study and finally, that software vendors, policy makers, technological consultants and application developers intend to adopt SaaS should consider the validated model tested in this research study.
A Comparative Analysis of Looping Structures: Comparison of ‘While’ Loop and ‘Do-While’ Loop in the C++ Language
Authors: Shouthiri P. , Thushika N.
Published: March 2019

Looping is one of the fundamental logical instructions used for repeating a block of statements. All programming languages are used looping structures to simplify the programs. Loops are supported by all modern programming languages, though their implementations and syntax may differ. This paper compares the two types of looping structures while and do-while using the compile time and runtime of the given programs to improve the efficiency of the programs. It is found that for small number of iterations while is efficient in runtime and do-while is efficient in compile time, the difference in total execution time may not be considerable. But given any large number of iterations, the difference is noticeable.
A New Computerized Boundary Element Algorithm for Cancer Modeling of Cardiac Anisotropy on the ECG Simulation
Authors: Fahmy Mohamed Abdelsabour
Published: March 2019

Aims: The main aim of this paper is to propose a new boundary element method (BEM) algorithm for cancer modeling of cardiac anisotropy on the electrocardiogram (ECG) Simulation.

Study design:  Original research paper.

Place and Duration of Study: Jamoum laboratory, June 2018, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

Methodology: a new boundary element algorithm was proposed and implemented for solving the governing equations of new cancer mathematical modeling in conjunction with the governing equations of ECG simulation.

Results: The effect of cardiac anisotropy on the ECG. Also, the effect of anisotropy on the relation between healthy and infected tissues.

Conclusion: For a known set of conductivities, numerical results show that the boundary element algorithm, for cancer modeling of cardiac anisotropy on the ECG simulation is very accurate, due to the excellent agreement of our results with the corresponding finite difference results, effects of anisotropic tissues that relate between people and (plants, insects and animals) are also studied as a new advantage for the proposed model.
Knowledge Based Performance Evaluation and Predictive Model for Undergraduate Students
Authors: Ibitoye Ayodeji O. J. , Borokini Bunmi , Alabi Jesujoba O.
Published: March 2019

In educational data mining, the process of analysing and predicting from a pool of acquired data is a big challenge due to the influence of behavioural, environmental, parental, personal and social traits of students. While existing education predictive systems have used patterns generated from mined common factors to predict student performance based on subject, faculty, and grade amongst others, explicit traits, which defines a student are often neglected. Thus, such existing models are too general for specific and targeted analysis in more recent times when predictive features are although common but in real essence unique to individual students to a certain degree. Here, a Self-Academic Appraisal and Performance Predictive (SAAPP) system was developed to analyse and predict the overall performance of students before the expiration of their course duration. The inherent knowledge driven model analyses common available predictive internal and external factors, with probabilistic analysis of student academic history and pending courses. The system then builds a personal data centric system for individual student through a decision support expert system and a probabilistic optimal grade point analysis for more effective recommendation. The developed system is more accurate, reliable and precise in student performance classification with targeted recommendations.