bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation between sociodemographic and attitude of Malang citizens about self medication on urticaria
Authors: Sulistyowatia Erna , Indria Dewi Martha , Sari Yohanita Nilam
Published: December 2022

Introduction: : The percentage of Indonesians who practice self-medication is high. Improper self-medication and lack of knowledge about the disease will cause new problems. Sociodemographic and sociocognitive factors can indirectly influence self-medication behavior. There is no research on urticaria self-medication in Malang City. This study aims to determine the influence of sociodemographic on the attitude of self-medication in Malang City.
Methods: Research with cross sectional analytic descriptive design using validated questionnaire with Pearson’s correlation. Respondents in this study were 251 Malang citizens consisting of the control group (n=97) and the test group (n=154). Respondents in the control group were citizens who had never experienced urticaria, while respondents in the test group were citizens who had or are experiencing urticaria. Data analysis using Mann Whitney and Rank Spearman with significant result if p<0,05.
Results: The control group was obtained as many as 97 respondents while the test group obtained 154 respondents. Most respondents are 51-55 years old and the gender being dominated by woman. Most of the respondents education level is college graduated. Most of the respondents salary are more than 4 million Indonesian Rupiah. There were significant difference between control and test group on educational characteristics (p 0,001 and r 0,257). However, there were no significant result on other characteristics.
Conclusion: Education level affects the attitude on self-medication of Malang citizens.
Risk factors for disability in leprosy patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Geani Silvani , Rahmadewi  , Astindari  , Prakoeswa Cita Rosita Sigit , Sawitri  , Ervianti Evy , Utomo Budi , Denisa Medhi , Reza Novianti Rizky , Kusumaputra Bagus Haryo , Agusni Regitta Indira , Wardhani Putri Hendria , Listiawan Muhammad Yulianto
Published: December 2022

Background: The disability in leprosy is caused by M. leprae invasion and infiltration into the skin and the mucous membrane that results in nerve damage and deformities, loss of sensation, paralysis, and ocular manifestation. The risk of disability can be influenced by several factors, including the type of leprosy, disease duration, the number of nerves affected, leprosy reactions, gender, age, type of treatment, socioeconomic factors, and leprosy case detection methods. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factor of disability in leprosy patients.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional retrospective analytical study to discover the correlation between risk factors with the grade of disability in leprosy patients who were treated in Dermatovenerology Outpatient Clinic Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya from 2017 to 2019.
Result: This study found a total of 275 leprosy patients with disabilities, consisting of 76 patients (27,6%) with grade-1 disability and 199 patients (72,4%) with grade 2 disability. There was a statistically significant correlation between age (p=0,025), duration of disease (p=0,001), and multidrug therapy (MDT) history (p=0,001) with the incidence of disability. Gender, bacterial index, type of leprosy, and leprosy reaction were not significantly related to disability.
Conclusion: This study showed that age, duration of disease, and the history of MDT treatment were related to the incidence of disability. The longer the disease's duration despite the patient having received MDT, the more risk of the patient having a disability.
Application of Moringa Oleifera leaves extract cream inhibits paw edema in white male Wistar rat (Rattus norvegicus) induced by carrageenan 1%
Authors: Darmaputra I Gusti Nyoman , Pramita I Gusti Ayu Sattwika , Winaya Ketut Kwartantaya
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Inflammation is the body's response to body tissue injury characterized by swelling or edema. Moringa oleifera is known to have many benefits as herbal medicine. Moringa oleifera leaves have been shown to have anti-inflammatory activity. The polyphenol content in Moringa leaves, such as flavonoids and tannins, has been observed as a potential anti-inflammatory.Methods: Thirty white male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Group 0 (negative control group) was given base cream, group 1 (positive control) was given 2.5% hydrocortisone cream, group 2 was given 10% moringa leaves extract cream, group 3 was given 12% moringa leaves extract cream, and group 4 was given 14% moringa leaves extract cream. One hour after treatment was applied in the plantar area, all mice were induced with 0.1 ml of 1% carrageenan. The thickness of the rat paw edema was measured every 1 hour for 6 hours using a caliper.Results: This study showed a significant difference in rat paw edema between the base cream and the entire treatment groups (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the 2.5% hydrocortisone cream group and the 10%, 12%, and 14% moringa leaves extract cream group (p>0.05). The 14% cream extract had the largest paw edema inhibition among other moringa leaves extract creams which were 27.4%.Conclusion: This study concludes that 10%, 12%, and 14% of moringa leaves extract cream have anti-inflammatory effects with higher concentrations resulting in better efficacy.
Depot Medroxyprogesterone acetate reduces spermatogonia cells and spermatid cells in the seminiferous tubules of male mice
Authors: Bagus Komang Satriyasa  , I Gusti Ayu Widianti  , I.B.G. Fajar Manuaba
Published: December 2022

Background: Until now the existing male contraceptive methods are periodic abstinence, interrupted intercourse (coitus interruptus), the use of condoms, and vasectomy. Another alternative method of contraception for men is the use of the hormone depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) as has been done in female contraceptives. Research with DMPA at a dose of 1.25 mg was effective in reducing the concentration and viability of spermatozoa and testosterone secretion in male rats.

Aim: to discover if DMPA as a gonadotropin hormon could effectively inhibit the process of spermatogenesis in male mice.

Methods: This research is an experimental research with post-test control group design. A total of 36 samples were grouped by simple random sampling into two groups. Control group (P0): consisted of 18 male mice given 0.3 ml of intramuscular aquabides. Treatment group (P1): 18 male mice were given DMPA intramuscularly (IM) with a dose of 3 mg as much as 0.3 ml. Data obtained from examination of the mean of 60 tubules (30 tubules from the right testis and 30 tubules from the left testis) for each treatment with HE staining at 400x magnification.

Results: The results showed a significant difference in the decrease in the number of spermatogonia cells in the treatment group compared to the control group (9.83±2.33 vs 12.78±1.67 cells/tubule), with p value = 0.000 (p<0.01) and Spermatid cells (76.50±7.66 vs 86.44±6.06 cells/tubule), with p value = 0.000 (p<0.01). The administration of DMPA could significantly reduce the number of spermatogonia and spermatid cells in the seminal tubules of male mice.

Conclusion: The results of the study have implications for further research on the use of DMPA as a male contraceptive in higher experimental animals such as rabbits, then clinical trials in humans.
Associations between sociodemographic and level of knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 among nursing students of University Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Ramdzan Abdul Rahman , Binti Kaslan Danish Shazrein , Bin Aman Setia Mohd Nurman , Bin Sundang Don Harris , Hunsoi Hetrice , Chin Zin Vun Rachel , Ker Xin Tan , Saran Mohana A/P , Bin Sidek Ahmad Zulkhairul Naim
Published: December 2022

Background: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Since then, it has spread to 215 countries, and 42 million people around the globe are affected. The knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward COVID-19 play a role in determining the acceptance of behavioral change measures from health authorities to suppress this pandemic status. The KAP on COVID-19 is also important among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic to mitigate the outbreak of COVID-19. Hence, this study aimed to determine the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 and its association with sociodemographic factors among nursing students of Universiti Malaysia Sabah.
Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted among the Year 1, Year 2 and Year 3 nursing students. The questionnaire consists of four parts: 1) demographics, which surveys participants' sociodemographic information; 2) knowledge about COVID-19; 3) attitude towards COVID-19; and 4) practices relevant to COVID-19. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26.0 was used for data entry and analysis
Result: A total of 113 Nursing Students participated in the study. More than half of the respondents have good general knowledge and practices of COVID-19. However, only one in three respondents have positive attitudes towards COVID-19. Older age was associated with good knowledge about COVID-19 (p=0.02). Female (P=0.02) and high household income (P=0.02) has a better attitude towards COVID-19. However, no significant association between sociodemographic and practices towards COVID-19.
Conclusion: Most of the respondents demonstrate a good level of knowledge and practices towards COVID-19 but not for attitudes. Sociodemographic characteristics such as younger, male respondents and those with lower-income families have inadequate knowledge and practices towards COVID-19. Hence, health education programs such as campaigns need to be conducted to increase the knowledge and encourage adequate preventive practice towards COVID-19 should be targeted towards this group.
A comparison of functional knee outcomes post-arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using hamstring and peroneus longus (PL) autograft
Authors: Sakti Muhammad , Arifin Jainal , Wonggokusuma Gerald , Arden Ferdinand , Faidzin Muhammad
Published: December 2022

Background: Hamstring autograft (HA) is the most common graft used in ACL reconstruction procedures. However, harvesting HA could weaken the secondary stabilizer of the knee joint. Peroneus longus grafts (PL) is a novel option secondary to hamstring graft with less morbidity at the knee joint. We intended to determine whether peroneus longus autograft (PL) is a comparable alternative to hamstring autograft for ACL Reconstruction.
Methods: 84 patients were grouped into "hamstring" (n = 51) and "peroneus longus" (n = 33) groups, with a mean age of 26.2 ± 5.9 in the Hamstring group and a mean age of 26.4 ± 6.6 in peroneus group. We obtain secondary data from the medical records of several hospitals in Makassar.
Results: There was a significant difference in Lysholm score (p<0.05) in the hamstring group with peroneus at 6 months and 12 months postoperatively for IKDC score, anterior translation, Power Grading Flexi-Extension, ROM on flexion, and extension. In addition, in muscle atrophy, the Hamstring group compared to the peroneus group also showed a significant difference (p=0.001).
Conclusion: The study's results did not show significant differences between the hamstring and peroneus groups other than atrophy of thigh muscles in the hamstring group. Based on the results of this study, we conclude peroneus longus graft is one of the graft options in ACL reconstruction surgery.
Analysis of mental workload and work family conflict with burnout on lecturers who work from home during pandemic
Authors: Fitriasari Andikawati , Septianingrum Yurike , Purwanti Nunik , Ainiyah Nur , Wardani Erika Martining , Bistara Difran Nobel
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Despite the amount of research on mental workload and work family conflict, there are persist questions about their relation with Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization and lack of Personal Accomplishment. This paper attempts to show that the relationship between mental workload and work family conflict on burnout for female lecturers who work from home during the pandemic
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 50 female lecturers who worked at home. The measurement of mental workload was used by Nasa TLX and work family conflict was developed by the Malaysian version of Kelloway. Maslah Burnout Inventory is used to determine the burnout level. Data analysis used logistic regression to determine the significance between mental workload and work family conflict on the burnout dimension (Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, lack of Personal Accomplishment).
Results: This study found that age, children, length of working, structural position  did not significantly affect burnout. There was negative correlation with burnout leveld (p> 0.005). Work family conflict showed a significant in dimension of burnout EE (p=0.028), DP (p=0.011), PA (0.029)
Conclusion: This study has found that generally work family conflict affected burnout in female lecture
A bibliometric analysis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) mortality rate
Authors: Husnul Khuluq  , Prasandhya Astagiri Yusuf  , Dyah Aryani Perwitasari
Published: December 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a profound global effect on mortality rates. There were many studies about mortality and COVID-19, but there is no study about bibliometric analysis of these studies. This study provides a general overview of studies on the mortality rate of COVID-19.
Methods: Publications on mortality rate during the COVID-19 pandemic from December 1, 2019, to November 17, 2021, were extracted from the Pubmed database. Bibliometrics indicator analysis was performed using Bibliometric/Biblioshiny, We used the following keywords: “covid-19 mortality[Title]”; “SARS-CoV-2 mortality[Title]”; “2019-nCoV mortality[Title]”; "SARS-CoV-2"[MeSH Terms]”; "SARS-CoV-2"; "2019 ncov"; "mortality"[Title]”.
Results: From December 1, 2019, to November 17, 2021, 2,848 documents were retrieved, with 2,202 (or 77.3 %) being journal articles. Most publications were produced by the Plos One journal (93 3,3 %). Wang Y, a Chinese author, has authored the most articles on this topic (64, 8.91 %). The strongest cooperating countries' network consisted of the United States, Italy, France, China, and Spain. Ten keyword clusters identifying mortality hotspots were discovered.
Conclusion: Bibliometrix analysis of the mortality rate in COVID-19 is helpful for mapping studies related to the mortality rate of COVID-19. This article provides an overview of further research related to mortality in COVID-19
Effect of occupational aluminum exposure on cognitive function among informal aluminum foundry industry workers
Authors: Silvia Nelmi , Adi Heru Sutomo  , Indwiani Astuti
Published: December 2022

Background: Occupational exposure to aluminum can potentially cause health problems for workers in the aluminum foundry industry, which might associate with cognitive impairment. However, studies in the informal aluminum foundry industry are still very limited. This study aimed to determine the relationship between aluminum exposure and cognitive impairment in informal aluminum foundry workers.
Methods: This study used a cross sectional design with logistic regression analysis. Seventy-nine workers in the informal aluminum foundry industry participated in this study. Aluminum in urine was measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Cognitive function was measured using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Indonesian version (MoCA-Ina) instrument.
Results: A total of 69.6% of the subjects experienced cognitive impairment. There was a statistically significant relationship between urinary aluminum levels and cognitive impairment. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that urinary aluminum levels (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 6.550; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.281-33.499) and length of education (aOR = 16.885; 95% CI = 2.042 – 139.604) were associated with cognitive impairment, with cut-off value set at 45.985 µg/L. Other results showed that workers with less than 7 years of formal education have a 16.885 times higher risk of experiencing cognitive impairment.
Conclusion: Workers with urinary aluminum levels ≥45.985µg/L and formal education fewer than 7 years have a higher risk of having cognitive impairment. Regular bio-monitoring of workers' urinary aluminum levels and adequate aluminum exposure control efforts are needed to prevent cognitive impairment in informal aluminum foundry workers.
Implications of VP-Shunt, Sodium Level, Glucose Level Ratio and Neurologic Deficit as Clinical Outcome Prognostic Factor in Adult Meningitis Tuberculosis with Acute Hydrocephalus in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital
Authors: Ivanmorl Ruspanah  , Yulius Hermanto  , Yuniasih MJ Taihuttu  , Andrew Ruspanah  , Achmad Adam  , Akhmad Imron
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Meningitis is the most severe and dangerous complication of tuberculosis, and can be fatal if not treated adequately. Acute hydrocephalus is often accompanied by tuberculous meningitis. This study aims to assess the prognostic factors in adult patients with tuberculous meningitis accompanied by hydrocephalus.

Methods: The study was conducted retrospectively by collecting data from the medical records of patients with TB meningitis. Patient data were collected and analyzed using multiple logistic regression to obtain significant prognostic factors.

Result: Fifty-four patients had Grade II TB meningitis and 42 patients had Grade III TB meningitis. In this study, it was found that patients with Grade III had higher mortality than patients with Grade II, especially within 30 days of treatment (HR = 3.73 (2.02-6.89), p<0.0001). In patients with Grade II, low sodium levels increased the risk of mortality compared to near-normal sodium levels (HR = 4.22 (1.44-12.43), p = 0.0088). In patients with Grade III, VP-shunt action reduced the risk of mortality (HR = 0.23 (0.09-0.55), p = 0.0011). Meanwhile, the ratio of glucose levels and neurological deficits was not significant as a prognostic factor (p>0.05).

Conclusions: Patients with grade III TB meningitis generally have a high risk of mortality and require VP-Shunt intervention to increase life expectancy. In patients with grade II tuberculous meningitis, sodium level plays a role in determining the prognosis.
First onset of diabetic ketoacidosis in teenagers with COVID-19: a case report from a limited health care setting
Authors: Hsieh Peter Prayogo , Eric Andreas , Tangkau Christianto Samuel Pieter , Farizqi Helviansyah El , Charisti Pherenice
Published: December 2022

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has been well-known as the main complication that is a potentially fatal emergency in some teenagers with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). Although children with diabetes are not at high risk for severe COVID-19 infection, it can hypothetically lead to type 1 DM and severe DKA. The aim of this article is to briefly discuss a case of a teenager with DKA and COVID-19.
Case: A 13 years old girl came in with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and dyspnea. She was alert but weak. Her blood pressure was 100/70 mmHg with 120 pulses and 35 breaths per minute. Oxygen saturation was at 99%. History of previous illness was denied. She was treated using a dyspepsia algorithm while waiting for the laboratory result. Later on, the test showed conditions of hyperglycemia, severe acidosis, ketonuria and a positive rapid COVID–19 antibody test. Hence, a diagnosis of DKA with probable COVID–19 was made and PCR for confirmation of COVID-19 diagnosis was scheduled. Oxygen support, rehydration, and insulin therapy were also given with a precautionary condition of possible COVID–19. In minutes, she developed respiratory distress that led her to be intubated and put on a ventilator. Due to a lack of facilities, a referral to a higher-level hospital was needed. However, since the referral process for probable COVID-19 patients required a long preparation, the patient died during the process.
Conclusion: Besides early diagnosis and prompt treatment, a well-coordinated referral system is crucial in managing DKA patients with possible COVID–19.
Effect of aromatherapy blend essential oils (lemongrass and lemon) on sleep quality in pregnant women's third trimester
Authors: Anggraini Fritria Dwi , Abidah Siska Nurul , Rahayu Esty Puji , Nisa Fauziyatun
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Many studies have provided non-pharmacological therapies to overcome health problems, including maternal and child health. One is how to overcome sleep disorders often complained about in pregnant women's third trimester. Some previous studies have analyzed aromatherapy using floral fragrances by inhaling aromatherapy oil directly or applied to cotton and using one type of aroma only, while inhalation using a diffuser and combining two or more similar scents have not been studied. The combination of both compositionally and beneficial aromas can complement each other, for example, lemongrass and lemon. This study aimed to examine the impact of essential oils diffuser and mix aromatherapy lemon grass on sleep quality and anxiety levels in pregnant women in their third trimester.
Methods: This study used quasi-experimental studies with one group pre-test and post-test. The research sample is 48 pregnant women in the third trimester of Wonokromo were selected with simple random sampling. The Independent variable is aromatherapy interventions (blended lemongrass and lemon) inhalation using diffuser, while the dependent variables are sleep quality. Data collection instrument using Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data analysis using Wilcoxon test with α=0.05.
Results: After being given aromatherapy intervention, almost all respondents have good sleep quality, 8-point increase in average sleep quality score. The results of the Wilcoxon test obtained a value of ρ = 0.01.
Conclusion: Essential oils diffuser blend aromatherapy of lemongrass and lemon effectively improves the sleep quality of third-trimester pregnant women. Aromatherapy makes participants feel relaxed, comfortable, and feel sleepy better. For health workers, this technique can be one of the practical options for non-pharmacological therapy to decrease discomfort during pregnancy.
The effect of Quran recitation on t-cell lymphocyte activity in mice model of breast cancer
Authors: Muhammad Akbar Reza , Palupi Yunyastiti D. , Astri Mega , Algristian Hafid
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Breast cancer is the leading cause of death in women. Many studies of adjuvant therapy have used the Quran recitation (later will be mentioned as the murotal approach). The murotal approach has been shown to induce feelings of well-being, enhance therapeutic response, and aid in patient healing. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the murotal approach on lymphocytic cell activity in inducing programmed cancer cell necrosis in a breast cancer mouse model.
Methods: After testing in a fully randomized design using 24 female mice (Mus musculus) BALB/c strain, a real-world experimental study with a control group design method. The mice were divided into four groups: negative control (K-), positive control (K+), treatment group (P1) which receiving the murotal approach for 2 hours and 30 minutes per day for a week, and the (P2) which receiving the murotal approach for 30 minutes in five times a day for a week. Mice were subcutaneously injected with DMBA 0.56 mg/20 g every 2 days for 3 weeks. The murotal approach was using specifically in Surah al-Faatihah and Al-Baaqarah from Qori' Al-Mathrud. Cancer tissue was harvested 5 weeks after her. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis hypothesis test.
Results: There was a significant difference (P<0.05) in the effect between the P2 treatment group that received murotal therapy for 30 minutes at each prayer time and the other groups. The efficacy of treatment murotal for 2 hours and 30 minutes per day does not affect the extent of lymphocytic infiltration.
Conclusion: From the research, the dosage of murotal therapy to increase the degree of lymphocyte infiltration is for 30 minutes five times a day, or during prayer time.
The effect of pursed-lips breathing and diaphragm exercises on the quality of life of COPD patient assessed by six-minutes walk test
Authors: Mulyadi  , Junita Ida Muna , Zulfikar Teuku , Yusuf Nurrahmah , Azhary Mulkan , Salim Hotimah Masdan
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammation that causes a variety of pulmonary and systemic disorders. Pursed-lip breathing and diaphragmatic breathing exercises are useful techniques for improving ventilation, reducing the degree of breathlessness, enhancing performance, and improving quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pursed-lip breathing and diaphragmatic breathing exercise on the value of the 6-min walk test and to improve quality of life by SGRQ in stable COPD patients.
Methods: This study was an experimental study using group control before and after examining 60 stable COPD patients at Dr. RSUD Lung Center. Zainoel Abidin from November 2019 to February 2020. Samples were extracted by systematic random sampling and divided into two groups. The intervention group received indacaterol bronchodilator therapy in addition to four weeks of apron and diaphragmatic breathing exercises. The control group received only indacaterol therapy. A 6-minute walk test was administered and a quality of life questionnaire was completed using the SGRQ. A t-test and Wilcoxon test were performed to assess differences between groups, level of significance p < 0.05).
Results: There was a significant effect on the 6-minute walk test in the intervention group compared with the control group (p = 0.001). There was a significant effect in improving quality of life using the SGRQ questionnaire in the intervention group compared with the control group (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: There was a significant effect on the six-minute walking test in the intervention group compared to the control group. There was a significant effect on improving the quality of life using the SGRQ questionnaire in the intervention group compared to the control group.
Transcortical selective amygdalohippocampectomy for intractable mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: a review of outcomes in a single center
Authors: Bintoro Aris Catur , Arifin Muhamad Thohar , Harsono  , Husni Amin , Brilliantika Surya Pratama , Bakhtiar Yuriz , Khairunnisa Novita Ikbar , Askoro Rofat , Bunyamin Jacob , Hadisapurto Soeharyo , Muttaqin Zainal
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Various surgical procedures have been found to effectively treat intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), including transcortical selective amygdalohippocampectomy (SAH), which is intended to protect the temporal lobe and to prevent interference with vascular structure. This research analyzed the outcome of post-operative seizure-free with transcortical selective amygdalohippocampectomy for intractable mesial temporal lobe epilepsy patients in a minimum two-year follow-up after surgery.
Methods: Data of one hundred ninety-two patients who had undergone transcortical selective amygdalohippocampectomy for non-lesional, medically intractable, temporal lobe epilepsy were analyzed.
Result: The statistical analysis indicated that Focal to Bilateral Tonic-Clonic Seizure had a more significant outcome (p=0.019) than other seizures. In all research subjects, after three, six, and twelve years of follow-up, the chance for a seizure-free after surgery was respectively 93.2 percent, 67.9 percent, and 36.7 percent with a median average survival period for all subjects of 11.00 years (95 % CI: 8.55 – 13.44)
Conclusions: Transcortical selective amygdalohippocampectomy is an effective therapy for intractable mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and provides a satisfactory outcome. The transcortical approach allows an appropriate operative field by careful dissection with limited retraction to eliminate the epileptogenic target while preventing damage to the underlying vascular and cortical structures.
Crosstalk between hypoxia and inflammation in non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Adhi Pangarsa Eko , Rizky Daniel , Setiawan Budi , Santosa Damai , Mubarika Haryana Sofia , Suharti Catharina
Published: December 2022

Tumor hypoxia is a well-known biological circumstance that has an impact on cancer growth and metastasis. This phenomenon is associated with poor patient outcomes, particularly in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. As the tumor mass grows, aggressive lymphoid malignancies necessitate a constant increase in perfusion, activating the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α. HIF-1α is an important regulator widely discussed in various studies and pathological states that influence the expression of several genes through transcriptional regulation, including metabolism/respiration, cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, angiogenesis, and others that may favor tumor growth. Tumor hypoxia also induces the expression of other important regulators, such as microRNA-210 (miR-210) and Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB), which propagate the tumorigenesis process. This article reviewed the molecular mechanisms of how HIF-1α correlates with NF-κB and other factors in non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients.
Efficacy of therapeutic plasma exchange and convalescent plasma therapy in moderate-to-severe COVID-19 patients
Authors: Reviono  , Muhammad Faizal , Maharestri Ken Zuraida , Hanif Ihsan , Sukmagautama Coana , Apriningsih Hendrastutik , Hananto Arif Zuhal Amin , Harsini
Published: December 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a global health catastrophe since its first reported cases in late December 2019. Critically ill COVID-19 patients have been related to cytokine storms leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome and high mortality rates. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) and convalescent plasma (CP) therapy improve clinically by removing inflammatory cytokines excess and using passive antibody-containing blood, respectively. This study aimed to evaluate TPE and CP treatment for moderate-to-severe COVID-19 infection.
Method: The patients were randomly divided into TPE group (n = 10), CP group (n = 11), and control group (n = 10). This 1-week quasi-experimental study with a pretest–post-test control group design was conducted in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Dr. Moewardi General Hospital and Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS) Hospital. The study comparison between groups included blood gas analysis profile (pH, base excess, PaCO2, PaO2, hematocrit, HCO3, total CO2, SaO2), FiO2, P/F ratio, COVID-19 severity, and D-dimer. The paired t-test was used to analyze every group's pretest–post-test mean difference. One-way ANOVA was performed to analyze the mean difference across the three groups. SPSS version 22.0 for Windows was used to perform statistical analyses.
Result: TPE and CP groups showed significant clinical-laboratory improvement than control (p > 0.05). Furthermore, high clinical-laboratory improvement tendency was observed in CP therapy than TPE.
Conclusion: The use of TPE and CP in moderate-to-severe COVID-19 patients has been related to improving clinical-laboratory outcomes.
Acceptance of interprofessional education (IPE) for educators at health-based faculty universitas nahdlatul ulama Surabaya
Authors: Afridah Wiwik , Trimartiana  , Prihartini Widiyanti  , Mochammad Bagus Qomaruddin
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Health professionals as key players in the health effort, who must prepare to face the 'triple burden' of challenges such as the current pandemic COVID-19. Closely related to interprofessional education is the realization of a workforce that is prepared through independent learning to face change, social order, culture, labor needs and technological advances. The purpose of this study was to assess acceptance of interprofessional education among health-based undergraduate educators.
Methods: Cross-sectional study design. Respondents are 45 educators from 141 educators from the Public Health, Nutrition, Nursing, Medicine, Midwifery, Occupational Health and Safety, and Medical Laboratory Technology Study Program. The instrument is a questionnaire that refers to the Interdisciplinary Education Perception Scale (IEPS) in the form of multiple-choice questions and the results are analyzed descriptively.
Results: The result of the study is respondents agree that educators need to work with other professions through interprofessional education is 62,2%. Respondents that said about individuals in their profession are very positive about their contributions and achievements are 71,1%. 68.9% of respondents trust each other's professional judgment. There are 40% of respondents who do not agree with the assumption that their status profession is looked higher than other professions. 64,4% of respondents understand that they need to make every effort to understand the capabilities and contributions of other professions.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that educators' perceptions of IPE can provide an understanding of the need for collaboration and a better attitude in teamwork through interdisciplinary education. Further research is needed to explore other factors that may influence specific perceptions among educators.
Relationship between self-regulation with self- acceptance of hypertension patients during the covid- 19 pandemic period in Indonesia
Authors: Soleha Umdatus , Yusuf Ah , Soedirham Oedojo , Sari Ratna Yunita , Afiyah R. Khairiyatul , Zahroh Chilyatiz , Faizah Immatul
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Hypertension is a chronic disease that is the main concern especially in the middle of the Covid-19 pandemic, where hypertension is a dangerous comorbid disease for people infected with the Covid-19 virus. Self-regulation is an important thing that hypertension sufferers must have to help control their blood pressure. Patients with hypertension who can regulate themselves will affect their acceptance of chronic diseases suffered. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of self- regulation to self-acceptance of hypertension sufferers during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia.
Method: The type of research is correlational with a cross-sectional research design. The sampling technique is probability sampling with a random sample size of 100 patients with hypertension in Indonesia. The research instrument was in the form of Self-Regulation and Self Acceptance Scale-Early Blindness (SAS-EB) questionnaires. Data analysis was performed with the Spearman Rank statistical test with a significant p <0.05.
Results: The results showed that almost half of respondents had high self- regulation (40%) and half of the respondents had a high level of self-acceptance (47%). Spearman Rank statistical test shows the result of p = 0,000 and the level of strength is very strong 0.795 and its value is positive.
Conclusion: There is a very strong relationship between self-regulation and self-acceptance of hypertension sufferers during the co-19 pandemic in Indonesia. It is expected that health workers play a role in providing health education about the treatment of hypertension especially during the co-19 pandemic, as well as increasing social support that can help hypertension sufferers in treating their diseases.
Anaesthetic management in the patient with thoracic–lumbar intradural tumor accompanied by heart failure and atrial fibrillation: a case report
Authors: Wicaksono Satrio Adi , Nugroho Taufik Eko , Utami Sulistiyati Bayu
Published: December 2022

Background: Spinal cystic intradural Schwannoma is a type of tumor that is rarely found, with an incidence of 0.3–0.5/100,000 person per year. The operative procedure for this tumor was simple. However, some patients showed other comorbidities, such as heart failure with low ejection fraction (EF) and atrial fibrillation. Such cases are a challenge to the anaesthesiologist as they are most commonly complicated by progressive cardiac failure.
Case Presentation: A 68-year-old woman was consulted by the Anaesthesiology Department in dr. Kariadi General Hospital Semarang in April 2019. She had been experiencing right lower extremity and lower back pain since April 2018, and they have been getting worse since two weeks ago. She also complained of shortness of breath two weeks before, accompanied by typical symptoms and signs of heart failure. Her electrocardiogram showed atrial fibrillation, and her echocardiogram showed an LVEF of 33.7%. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed two lobulated intradural-extramedular cystic lesions at thoracal vertebrae 12 until lumbar vertebrae 1 (VTh12–L1) that were a high suspicious of Schwannoma on the anterior aspect and the lateral aspect accompanied by spinal cord compression at that level. The drugs used for premedication were metoclopramide 10 mg and ranitidine 50 mg, for induction was fentanyl 100 μg, and for maintenance were dobutamine 10 μg/kgBW/minute, rocuronium bromide 30 mg/hour via syringe pump, opioid fentanyl 100 μg and muscle relaxant using rocuronium bromide 40 mg. The patient was hemodynamically stable throughout the surgery, and blood loss was minimal.
Conclusion: In patients with heart problems, a moderate reduction in contractility and heart rate often occurs and may induce mild to severe bradyarrhythmia or tachyarrhythmia related to induction agents. It is important to maintain adequate cardiac output that requires inotropic agents to augment contractility and improve circulation. As an inotropic choice, a β-agonist (e.g., dobutamine) causes less vasodilation, increased contractility, and adjuncts to augment contractility in the setting of significant hypotension.
Physical fitness assessment for lower limb disability: rationale and design to develop a new formula
Authors: Ernandini Endang , Trevino Aristarkus Pakasi  , Dewi Irawati Soeria Santoso  , Tinduh Damayanti , Listya Tresnanti Mirtha  , Sally Aman Nasution  , Anita  , Nusdwinuringtyas Nury
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Injuries are a major medical problem in military populations. The physical fitness assessment is a series of tests that measure and monitor physical fitness levels. The existing physical fitness assessment and formula used by the Indonesian Military requires a running test that only applies to healthy soldiers. This study attempted to construct a formula for assessing physical fitness using tests that soldiers may perform with lower limb injury/disability.
Method: The design of the study was an internal cross-sectional comparison. This study included 104 healthy, well-trained male normal soldiers (NS) and 50 injured or disabled soldiers (DS) who matched the inclusion criteria. The NS was required to perform a 12-minute running and wheeling test, a ball-throwing test, push-ups, and lunges. The DS was also required to perform the same tests except for the 12-minute running test and lunges. The analysis of the data consisted of four steps: constructing a conceptual framework, describing the characteristics of each group, identifying significant indicators using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to develop a physical fitness formula, and determining whether the formula is appropriate for assessing physical fitness in running and wheeling tests.
Result: There is no significant difference in the characteristics of NS and DS (p>0.05); thus, the subjects in both groups are comparable. Physical fitness test has several major contributing factors: distance, test method, muscle strength, and age. There is no significant difference in the number of NS in each category between the running and wheeling tests (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Physical fitness formula= {1.1 × (0.98 × distance*) + (0.97 × method value**)} – (0.093 × age) – (0.17 × muscle strength***) Note: *) Distance traveled during running or wheeling test (meter). **) The running test method value is entered as 1, and the wheeling test method value is entered as 2. ***) The value of wheeling muscle strength is obtained from the ball-throwing test. In contrast, the value of running muscle strength can be determined by multiplying the result of the ball-throwing test by 2. These findings may be used for assessing the physical fitness of normal soldiers or those with lower limb injury/disability.
Comparative study of SOFA, WSESSSS, and CPIRO scoring systems as mortality predictors in a patient with complicated intra-abdominal infection
Authors: Nugraha Gigih Laksamana , Septarendra Denny , Lesmana Tomy
Published: December 2022

Background: A widespread intra-abdominal organ infection or complicated intra-abdominal infection (cIAI) causes localized peritonitis, intra-abdominal abscess, and diffuse peritonitis. Patients suffer from morbidity and mortality as a result of this condition. Sepsis indicators such as SOFA, WSESSSS, and CPIRO scores were predictors of mortality in cIAI patients. We aimed to examine the performance of WSESSSS, CPIRO, and SOFA scoring systems to predict mortality in patients with cIAI.
Methods: A retrospective cohort, analytic observational study was conducted to assess differences in SOFA, WSESSSS, and CPIRO scoring systems' sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy as predictors of death during treatment in cIAI patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya.
Results: A total of 265 patients were evaluated. The optimal cutoff for SOFA was score 5 with sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of 77.2%, 87.9%, 77.2%, 87.9%, and 84.2%, respectively. The optimal cutoff for WSESSSS was score 8 with sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of 83.7%, 82.7%, 72.0%, 90.5%, and 83.0%, respectively.  The optimal cutoff for CPIRO was 4 with sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy values of 62.0%, 90.2%, 77.0%, 81.7%, and 80.4%, respectively. Patients with high scores had a higher percentage of being hospitalized longer and cost higher than patients with a low score.
Conclusion: The SOFA, WSESSSS, and CPIRO scoring systems had comparable performance in predicting mortality in patients with cIAI. Considering the performance of WSESSSS, the use of WSESSSS alone may be sufficient enough to predict the outcome of patients with cIAI in Indonesia.
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor therapy as a bridging treatment for pediatric decompensated liver cirrhosis prior to liver transplantation: an open-label randomized clinical trial
Authors: Rahayatri Tri Hening , Harahap Alida , Hendarto Aryono , Oswari Hanifah , Setiabudy Rianto , Taher Akmal
Published: December 2022

Background: Decompensated cirrhosis (DC) in children is the main indication of liver transplantation (LT). The lack of access to liver transplantation and impending clinical complications while awaiting transplantation affect the morbidity and mortality in pretransplant patients. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) therapy has shown promising results in adult decompensated cirrhosis as a potential bridging treatment. Our study aimed to identify the effect of G-CSF on pediatric end-stage liver disease (PELD) score, liver function,  CD34+ cell mobilization, nutritional status, survival, and short-term side effects in children awaiting LT.
Methods: This study was an open-label, randomized controlled trial that included patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis between 3 months and 12 years of age. The intervention group received 12 courses of G-CSF subcutaneous injection (5 μg/kg/day) plus standard medical treatment (SMT) for liver cirrhosis. Results were obtained regarding PELD scores, liver function, CD34+ cell mobilization, changes in leukocyte and neutrophil counts, nutritional status, survival, and side effects within three months.
Results: Thirty-five pediatric patients were randomized into the intervention (17 patients) and control (18 patients) groups. During the trial, 14 (82%) in the intervention group completed the treatment. The median ages of the patients in the intervention and control groups were 18 and 14.5 months, respectively. The study's primary outcome identified no statistically significant difference in PELD scores between the intervention and control groups after G-CSF treatment. Liver function tests that showed significant changes in the intervention group compared to the control group were from improvements in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. Other liver function tests, nutritional status, and survival did not. CD34+ cell mobilization was increased in the intervention group compared with the control group, but there was no significant difference. Minor side effects of G-CSF were observed in the intervention group.
Conclusion: Multiple doses of G-CSF did not improve the PELD score, nutritional status, and survival after three months but significantly showed temporary improvement in ALT level.
The relationship of parent’s nutrition knowledge level and teacher’s food parenting on nutritional status ff pre-school aged children
Authors: Yanesti Nuravianda Lestari  , Eko Farida  , Nur Amin  , Amelia Setyowati  , Wiwik Afrida  , Fitriyah Fifi Khoirul
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Early age is the golden age period of growth and development of children. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the fulfillment of children's nutritional needs based on the quantity and quality of good nutrition. This study aims to examine the relationship between the level of parental knowledge and the teacher's feeding pattern on the nutritional status of early childhood at the Jungle School Nature Kindergarten, Sekaran, Gunungpati District, Semarang City.
Methods: The total sampling technique conducted this analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design by 24 parents of kindergarten students and 11 teachers or caregivers. The parents' knowledge and teachers' feeding parenting styles were obtained from the interviews. The assessment of the nutritional status of kindergarten students was using indicators of WAZ, HAZ, and BAZ. All research subjects had normal nutritional status based on indicators of WAZ and HAZ.
Results: Based on BAZ indicators, as many as 12.5% of students have underweight nutritional status, and 87.5% have normal nutritional status. The results of the association test showed that the level of parental knowledge (p=0.533; 0.845; and 0.372) and eating patterns by teachers in schools (p=0.770; 0.896; and 0.597) were not significantly related to the nutritional status of early childhood (WAZ, HAZ, and BAZ).
Conclusions: Parents with a good level of knowledge do not necessarily have nutritional problems.
Anti-inflammatory effects and potential mechanisms of Mitragyna speciosa methanol extract on λ-karagenan-induced inflammation model
Authors: Salim Hotimah Masdan , Choirotussanijjah  , Awwalia Evi Sylvia , Alam Ilham Putera
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Mitragyna speciosa is known to have beneficial effects, such as antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects. There are some components that involve in inflammatory, such as Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) enzymes, and also cytokines. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and its mechanism of Mitragyna speciosa leaf.
Methods: Carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model was used for inflammation induction. Rats were given Mitragyna speciosa leaf methanol extract at a dose of 75, 150, and 200 mg/kg.
Results: Intraplantar injection of carrageenan led to the development of time-dependent peripheral inflammation, which, in turn, was a significant increase in the swelling process as measured by a plethysmometer. However, administration of EMS (75,150 and 200mg/kg) can reduce edema in a dose-dependent manner. We also demonstrated that skin histology on EMS administration significantly preserved skin thickness at 4 h after carrageenan injection.
Conclusion: In conclusion, we reveal the role of Mytragyna speciosa methanol extract as anti-inflammatory and maintain skin thickness in the inflammatory process.