bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structure Analysis of Hedgerows With Respect to Perennial Landscape Lines in Two Contrasting French Agricultural Landscapes
Authors: Da Silva Sébastien , Le Ber Florence , Lavigne Claire
Published: February 2019

Characterizing the spatial distribution of hedgerows over landscapes is important for understanding the effects of this distribution on the dynamics of plant and animal populations. Because hedgerows are planted or managed, the authors hypothesized that their distribution depends on the presence of other linear landscape elements, namely, roads and channels. Using proximity analyses, the authors thus assessed how the spatial distribution of hedgerows was impacted by the position of these linear landscape elements and the spatial extent of this impact for two contrasting agricultural landscapes. The results indicate that hedgerows were generally associated at short distances with other elements (100-150 m). Hedgerows had different association patterns depending on their orientation in one of the two landscapes. In that same landscape, within-landscape heterogeneity was related to different association patterns. These results indicate that models of the spatial distribution of hedgerows would gain from being based on the location of roads and channels in the studied landscape.
Spatial Data Mining, Spatial Data Warehousing, and Spatial OLAP
Authors: Idrees Amira M. , Khaled Mostafa Lamlom Ahmed , Talkhan Amal Hassan Ali
Published: February 2019

Data mining is one of the current vital fields for all types of data including spatial data. An example of useful extracted patterns from spatial data is to describe changes in metropolitan poverty rates based on city distances from major highways. Geospatial is a term that has recently been gaining in popularity; moreover, many applications on geospatial have different uses in different fields such as geo-tagging, geospatial technology, and geo-fencing. Analyzing spatial data is considered a complex task due to its details as it is related to locations with a special representation such as longitude and latitude. Other attributes are involved in the description of objects which can be analyzed using different data mining techniques. In this chapter, a demonstration of the basic information is performed considering spatial data and spatial data mining including all aspects such as the different type of data, different methods of analysis, different mining techniques, and other related topics.
Research in Agricultural and Environmental Information Systems
Authors: Pinet François , Papajorgji Petraq
Published: February 2019

Information systems relate to diverse applications, but, until recently, the use of this technology in agriculture and environment has been relatively behind the applications in the industrial sector. The publication of IJAEIS started in 2010 in order to promote the new research advances in information systems applied to agriculture and environment. This paper presents an overview of the different scientific issues presented in the 50 papers published in IJAEIS between 2010 and 2013. The authors summarize the different contributions presented in IJAEIS and the authors identify the main trends in the field of agricultural and environmental information systems (ontologies, communication systems, spatial information processing, etc.).
Reigniting GIS's Application in Ecotourism
Authors: Mukherjee Sovik
Published: February 2019

The chapter brings out a brief note on the tourist attractions, hotels and lodges, NGOs/travel agencies operating in that region, railway/bus stations, land use profile, etc. in the Sundarban area of West Bengal in conjunction with exploring the potential of ecotourism using GIS and some secondary source data. Moving onto the analysis part, by making use of geo-spatial data, the attributes of ecotourism potential in the Sundarbans has been explored. The author makes use of the Euclidean distance mechanism and principal component analysis to rank the ecotourism sites in Sunderbans (i.e., based on the construction of ecotourism potential index [EPI]). The novelty of the chapter lies in comparing the ranks obtained by constructing the EPI following the principal component analysis and the Euclidean distance function. It needs to be mentioned here that these tourist spots have been selected based on the information collected on the inflow of both domestic and foreign tourists to these spots. The chapter concludes by discussing the future scope of research in this regard.
Riparian Vegetation and Digitized Channel Variable Changes After Stream Impoundment
Authors: Martinez Adriana E. , Adeyemo Ayomipo E. , Walther Suzanne C.
Published: February 2019

Following stream impoundment, rivers respond via changes in sediment dynamics, channel morphology, and vegetation distribution. Such changes have occurred along the Provo River, Utah, located within the Intermountain West of the U.S. Jordanelle Dam was built on the Provo River in 1992 after the majority of dam construction in the United States and therefore allows for a large-scale GIS analysis using aerial photographs, available before and after construction. To evaluate the effects of the dam, this study examines reach scale channel changes with respect to vegetation distribution and species richness. Post-impoundment, the authors find that channels downstream of the dam have become more stable, allowing for vegetation colonization, as exhibited in land cover changes from bare soil to grass. This results in greater species richness owing to colonization of a more stable riparian zone, ultimately changing habitat conditions. Identifying and understanding the impacts of the Jordanelle Dam on vegetation is necessary for protection of this valued ecosystem as rapid development continues.
Geospatial and Spatio-Temporal Analysis in Health Research
Authors: Sifaki-Pistolla Dimitra I. , Pistolla Georgia D. , Chatzea Vasiliki-Eirini , Tzanakis Nikolaos
Published: February 2019

This chapter identifies the need for GIS and geospatial applications in health research. Spatial epidemiology (or geo-epidemiology) and geo-medicine are two rapidly growing fields in medical research and epidemiology. They could offer tremendous potential to the healthcare industry, health researchers and students, as well as the community in general. Their main advantage is the wide range of methodologies that they utilize in order to study health outcomes and incidences in three or four dimensions (2 or 3D space and 1D time). Therefore, this chapter also introduces selected GIS applications with a special focus on epidemiology and public health. Furthermore, in this chapter we will critically appraise the most frequently used tests and spatio-temporal methodologies in the literature and discuss the future emerging trends and research opportunities that arising.
The Role of Landscape in the Representation of Portuguese Wine Producing Regions
Authors: Lavrador Ana , Rocha Jorge
Published: February 2019

This chapter analyzes the landscape role in the promotion of wine and tourism of the five most emblematic Portuguese winegrowing regions. The use of landscape in promotional images strengthens the regional identity, becoming a value-added component for wine marketing and tourism destination. Both have great significance in enhancing the growth of winegrowing regions. The global economy and mechanization of viticulture operations tend to simplify and specialize land-use vine parcels, particularly in areas of sustainable large wine production, according to European Union rules. This research implemented an innovative and integrative approach that represents and focuses on the promotional features of producers, tourism, and their official bodies. Selected images were sorted into landscape, trademark, and tourism categories, and evaluated via Cohen's textual model, followed by a multiple correspondence factorial analysis. The results showed a hierarchy of categories and variables consistent with their expression in promotional features.
Digital Technologies for “Minor” Cultural Landscapes Knowledge
Authors: Salerno Rossella
Published: February 2019

The chapter aims to point out the most emerging technologies in analysing and sharing knowledge about ‘not outstanding' cultural landscapes. Therefore the chapter starts focusing on the concept of ‘minor' cultural landscapes in the wider debate on heritage, then shows the changing approach to the question: the relevance of bottom-up vision in considering heritage. Secondly are taken into account image and information technologies through some definite research topics: Educating by multimedia; Experiencing and sharing new contents by people; Transmitting local heritage; Using image and information technologies to share collective experiences of places; Answering demand for social participation and free access to sources; Connecting tangible and intangible heritage in a tourist perspective. The goal of the chapter is to show how digital technologies can support knowledge and share of values about ‘minor' cultural landscapes both through inhabitants and potential tourists to be attracted to.
Fire Recurrence and the Dynamics of the Enhanced Vegetation Index in a Mediterranean Ecosystem
Authors: Malak Dania Abdul , Pausas Juli G. , Pardo-Pascual Josep E. , Ruiz Luis A.
Published: February 2019

This study area is located in the eastern littoral of the Iberian Peninsula; its importance resides in its Mediterranean ecosystem, complex topography, extensive land use changes, and intensive forest fires history. The study is done at the landscape level, covering a wide area for an extended period of time. This work uses Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Satellite Remote Sensing (SRS) techniques to evaluate the impact of spatio-temporal parameters on shaping Mediterranean landscapes. Interacting ecological parameters are analysed and correlated to post-fire vegetation regeneration in an attempt to understand its dynamics. The results provide evidence that the number of fires separated by short time intervals influence vegetation growth negatively measured as Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI). During this period, micro-climatic effects (soil and environmental humidity) are major factors influencing EVI-measured vegetation regeneration. The conclusions expect shifts in Mediterranean plant communities in heavily burned ecosystems stressing the importance of their correct short and long term post-fire management.
Sequential Experiences in Energy Producing Landscapes
Authors: Bishop Ian D.
Published: February 2019

Wind turbines are a major presence in the landscapes of some countries. This presence will become more widespread across the world as the need to reduce coal dependence becomes more broadly accepted. This chapter uses the situation of the state of Victoria in southern Australia to explore the possible extent of landscape change under a move to 100% renewable energy sources, and to explore the key variables and tools for analysis and communication, which will identify the consequences and support planning. A scenario for a future level of wind power generation in Victoria is proposed, potential sites identified, and then the visual impact of these analyzed, not simply on a case-by-case basis but as a system of facilities across the landscape. People travelling by road, or train, will be particularly aware of the extent to which the change is pervasive and new analytical parameters, such as Zipf distribution and fractal dimension, are illustrated. New policy approaches and modes of impact communication are proposed.
Screen Time and the Logic of Identification in the Networked Society
Authors: Corrêa Cynthia H. W.
Published: February 2019

This theoretical perspective situates the notion of neo-tribalism or tribalism characterized by fluidity, punctual gatherings, and dispersion, independent of the encounter's purpose and interest, as a generator of networks of sociality in the postmodern cyberspace, from the formation of virtual communities or tribes. In this context, the imaginary occupies a central space in everyday life, because, as a representation, it reveals a meaning that goes beyond appearance. The analysis comprises the communication phenomenon as responsible for the constitution of a social bond in the cyberspace, structured under a postmodern condition, a different and a more tolerant style of seeing the world, unlike modern standards. Rather than well-defined roles to perform as it dominated in modern times, in the postmodernity prevails a full integration of the citizen into several communities by affinities and proximity, led by the logic of identification.
The Era of Hyperconnectivity
Authors: Araujo Emilia Rodrigues , Chagas Kadydja Nascimento
Published: February 2019

This chapter presents and discusses the results of a qualitative study developed in Portugal and Brazil regarding PhD time and the scientific supervision processes, focusing on the manner in which digital technologies are used during the preparation time of doctoral theses. Based on the analysis of data collected by 20 semi-structured interviews with students and supervisors, the main advantages and disadvantages of screen time during scientific supervision are examined. In an academic and social context of high acceleration and time fragmentation, research presents valid development perspectives for a re-evaluation of supervision processes, more specifically in the current context marked by high presence of online platforms.
World of Warcraft
Authors: Pinto Diego Lourenço Sá , Xavier Cláudio
Published: February 2019

World of Warcraft (WoW), a game of the genre MMORPG (massive multiplayer online role playing game), has proven to be a valuable field of study for researchers interested in understanding the functioning of online communities and social relationships in those communities. This chapter seeks, through literature review and interviews conducted within the game itself, from player/researcher immersion, to discuss the relationships of a group of players in a new context of relationship and (in)formation, considering the significant screen time, communication processes, identifications, and identity building.
Real Time Analysis Based on Intelligent Applications of Big Data and IoT in Smart Health Care Systems
Authors: Rath Mamata
Published: February 2019

Currently, there is an expanding interest for additional medical data from patients about their healthcare choices and related decisions, and they further need investment in their basic health issues. Big data provides patients presumptuous data to help them settle on the best choice and align with their medicinal treatment plan. One of the very advanced concepts related to the synthesis of big data sets to reveal the hidden pattern in them is big data analytics. It involves demanding techniques to mine and extract relevant data that includes the actions of piercing a database, effectively mine the data, query and inspect the data and is committed to enhance the technical execution of various task segments. The capacity to synthesize a lot of data can enable an association to manage data that can influence the business. In this way, the primary goal of big data analytics is to help business relationships to have enhanced comprehension of data, and subsequently, settle on proficient and very much educated decisions. Big data analytics empowers data diggers and researchers to examine an extensive volume of data that may not be outfit utilizing customary apparatuses. Big data analytics require advances and statistical instruments that can change a lot of organized, unstructured, and semi-organized data into more reasonable data and metadata designed for explanatory procedures. There is tremendous positive potential concerning the application of big data in human health care services and many related major applications are still in their developmental stages. The deployment of big data in health service demonstrates enhancing health care results and controlling the expenses of common people due to treatment, as proven by some developing use cases. Keeping in view such powerful processing capacity of big data analytics in various technical fields of modern civilization related to health care, the current research article presents a comprehensive study and investigation on big data analytics and its application in multiple sectors of society with significance in health care applications.
Choice Modeling of Enterprise Social Media Adoptions
Authors: Wang Chen-Ya , Chang Hsia-Ching
Published: February 2019

To date, many studies focusing on the adoption rates of social media platforms in Fortune 500 firms have been conducted; however, little is known of the adoption time of such platforms, and the relationships between different social media adoptions. This study explores these aspects of social media using a proposed analysis integrating econometric analysis and data mining. Granger causality assists in constructing causal forecasting models of social media adoption time, whereas association rule mining, which can be visualized by dependency network graphs, contributes to understanding hidden relationships among enterprise social media adoption choices. The proposed analysis can account for the unexplained phenomena in a complementary way because different aspects can be drawn from the results of both econometric analysis and data mining.
Social Media Use in Career Guidance Delivery in Higher Education in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Alim Sophia
Published: February 2019

This literature review examines the use of social media in higher education career guidance delivery in the UAE (United Arab Emirates). Previous research has revealed UAE youth feel unprepared for work, highlighting a need to improve the quality of career guidance. With social media becoming popular, social media integrated with career guidance can expand opportunities for students. The current use of social media in career guidance, highlighted that the UAE is utilizing social media as an information source rather than an interactive workspace. UAE universities use online career planning systems mainly. One of the main reasons being that social media delivery in career guidance leads to pressure for career guidance practitioners, in terms of moderating content. Coupled with the strict privacy laws governing the use of social media in the UAE, this can present challenges. For social media to become successfully integrated into career guidance delivery, universities in the UAE need to understand what their students want in terms of career guidance delivery.
Applying the AHP Model to Explore Key Success Factors for High-Tech Startups Entering International Markets
Authors: Chen Yi-Fen , Tsai Chia-Wen , Liu Hsiu-Jung
Published: February 2019

Compared to various other types of entrepreneurships, high-tech entrepreneurships are the most difficult to succeed in, but the rewards can be great. For startups, identifying customers and markets are as important as developing a product. Given the limited scale of domestic markets, if a high-tech startup wants to become a unicorn company, it goes without saying that entering international markets is necessary. This study considers high-tech startups as the research object. Through literature review, it first summarizes five major dimensions and 15 criteria. Then, it conducts the preliminary questionnaire survey on the effects of firm competencies and industry environment on internationally successful high-tech startups using expert questionnaires. The questionnaire survey was also used to establish the hierarchical structure and key success factors (KSF). Subsequently, the study conducted survey and statistical analysis of the questionnaire data using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). By assessing the dimensions and summarizing the key success factors, this study can serve as a useful reference for future startups. Existing startups can examine their own conditions and opportunities to reconsider their strategic positioning. Additionally, the findings of this study can support high-tech startups to enable them to concentrate on their core competencies in order to strengthen competitiveness and likelihood of success in international markets.
Mobile Device- and Video-Aided Flipped English Classrooms
Authors: Yu Zhonggen
Published: February 2019

The last two decades have witnessed a large number of studies on the flipped classroom. Learning attitudes, interest and intrinsic motivation in mobile device-aided flipped English class (MFC) has, however, seldom been studied in comparison with the traditional video-aided flipped English class (VFC). Randomly selecting 375 participants and using reliable scales, this study identified the differences in and correlations of learning attitudes, interest and intrinsic motivation between MFC and VFC. After an experiment for one academic year and semi-structured interviews, it was concluded that: (1) The learning attitude in MFC was significantly more positive than that in VFC; (2) The learning interest in MFC was significantly more positive than that in VFC; (3) The intrinsic learning motivation in MFC was significantly more positive than that in VFC; (4) The learning attitude, interest and intrinsic motivation were significantly and mutually correlated in both MFC and VFC. Reasons for the findings are also discussed, coupled with future research directions.
A Study on the Preview Effectiveness of Learning Contents in ePUB3 eBook-Based Flip Blended Learning Models
Authors: Tsai Tina Pingting , Lin Lendy Chaoyu , Lin Jyhojong
Published: February 2019

In e-learning, the flip blended learning model is used to provide students with learning contents inside/outside classrooms. It encourages students to preview these contents outside classrooms before the lesson. Then, various learning activities are taken inside classrooms in the lesson. An important issue about its success is the effectiveness of the preview because it affects the subsequent learning activities in the lesson. Further, for an ePUB3 ebook-based learning model, ePUB3 ebooks are used and hence embedded ePUB3 track and test functions can be used for tracking the preview accesses on these eBooks and examining the preview outcomes. As such, the preview effectiveness can be captured by checking these accesses and their relationships with the test outcomes for making adequate actions on subsequent lesson activities. In this paper, the authors explore such an effectiveness study on the preview of learning contents via ePUB3 track and test functions. For illustration, this study is applied to a script writing course and respective discussions are presented for showing its usefulness.
An Integrated Recommender System Using Semantic Web With Social Tagging System
Authors: Indra R. , Thangaraj Muthuraman
Published: February 2019

Social tagging systems (STSs) allow collaborative users to share and annotate many types of resources with descriptive and semantically meaningful information in freely chosen text labels. STS provides three recommendations such as tag, item and user recommendations. Existing recommendation algorithms transform the three dimensional space of user, resource, and tag into two dimensions using pair relations in order to apply existing techniques. However, users may have different interests for an item, and items may have multiple facets. To circumvent this, a new system that models three types of entities user, tag and item in a STS as a 3-order tensor is proposed. The sparsity is reduced using stemming and predictions are made by applying latent semantic indexing using randomized singular value decomposition (RSVD). The proposal provides all the three recommendations using semantic web and shows notable improvements in terms of effectiveness through indices such as recall, precision, time and space.
Modelling Fault Detection Using SRGM in Agile Environment and Ranking of Models
Authors: Srivastava Abhishek , Kapur P. K. , Mehrotra Deepti , Majumdar Rana
Published: February 2019

Today's software applications deployed in an enterprise to cater to the complex business processes, integrate various business units and address requirements of a global customer base. The traditional methodology of software engineering succumbs to the changing need of customer and technology advancement. On the behest of the customer, a software system should be designed in a way that it goes in concert with the present user needs. Agile methodology targets complex systems with its iterative, incremental, and evolutionary approach. There are numerous factors attributing towards the successful implementation of agile methodology. This led to adopting an approach of agile based on ‘lean' principles over the traditional software development life cycle (SDLC) approach. Collaborative work is done with the project team on a priority list. The implementation is done through “SCRUM” an empirical framework for learning. It has multiple sprints which are deliverable products. This idea has substantially reduced the ‘time to market' as the customer can decide which features of the software they would like to be delivered on a priority basis. To model trends of fault detection in each sprint, a growth model of software reliability is used. This research article presents a framework to analyze and measure the cumulative errors in an Agile Testing Process, the authors have applied modeling on various SRGMs to prove acceptability in an agile development process and finally compares these models using the Mahalanobis Distance Formula for Model ranking. The Mahalanobis distance criteria is easy to compute and that can be utilized to get the ranks and select the best model in view of an arrangement of contributing criteria.
An Early Multi-Criteria Risk Assessment Model
Authors: Chandani Priyanka , Gupta Chetna
Published: February 2019

Accurate time and budget is an essential estimate for planning software projects correctly. Quite often, the software projects fall into unrealistic estimates and the core reason generally owes to problems with the requirement analysis. For investigating such problems, risk has to identified and assessed at the requirement engineering phase only so that defects do not seep down to other software development phases. This article proposes a multi-criteria risk assessment model to compute risk at a requirement level by computing cumulative risk score based on a weighted score assigned to each criterion. The result of comparison with other approaches and experimentation shows that using this model it is possible to predict the risk at the early phase of software development life cycle with high accuracy.
The Innovation of Online Music Business Model From the Perspective of Industrial Value Chain Theory
Authors: Lu Chao , Chang Jialu
Published: February 2019

The emergence and development of online music have brought a great update to traditional music industrial value chain. As consumers know, record sales, media dissemination, and peripheral income like concerts are three major sources of income of traditional music industry. Compared with that, the music industry now possesses an extensive consumer group, a new growth point, and a new development direction. Meanwhile, as laws and business rules of online music industry improving, the new online music business model need to be established. Based on value chain theory, this article sets up a brand new online music business model and analyzes the operation strategy, and services mode of the business model applying internet thinking.
The Impacts of New Media on Marketing Effectiveness
Authors: Zhang Yudi
Published: February 2019

Tourism shopping is an important part of the tourism industry as well as the regional economy. Tourism souvenirs sales, in most of the developed tourism areas, account for more than 35% of the total tourism revenues, and even in some individual regions the proportion can achieve more than 50%. But in China this proportion is only 20%. In this article, the corresponding analysis method is used to calculate and analyze the status quo of souvenir network marketing of the tourism website in China and Korea. The article describes the advantages and disadvantages of the tourism souvenirs network marketing in China and Korea, finding the deficiencies in China and analyzing the causes and providing the corresponding reference for the healthy development of China's tourism industry.
Effect of Phase Error in Phase-Shifting Interferometer
Authors: Takahashi Yoshitaka
Published: February 2019

Phase-shifting interferometry is widely used because it can measure phase with high accuracy. Changing optical path length with a PZT transducer and changing frequency of the optical source with a laser diode (LD) are two common methods to apply the desired phase shift between the arms in the interferometer. In any case, however, it is not easy to apply the desired shift accurately, and if not, measurement errors occur. In order to reduce the errors, the effect of the phase shift error has been analyzed numerically especially in the case with LD.
Effect of Mass Added to a Force Transducer on the Dynamic-Force Correction Method
Authors: Takita Akihiro , Iwashita Taku , Fujii Yusaku
Published: February 2019

Dynamic-error caused by the mass attached to the sensing part of a force transducer is experimentally investigated using the Levitation Mass Method (LMM), in which the dynamic-force applied to the force transducer is measured based on the definition of force, i.e. the product of mass and acceleration. It is experimentally proved that the change in the dynamic correction coefficient (DCC) is proportional to the additional mass as expected by the theory. The effective mass and the effective spring constant of the transducer with the additional mass are estimated from the experimental result. It is experimentally proved that the DCC for the transducer with the additional mass can be calculated using the estimated properties, i.e. the effective mass and the effective spring constant, and the dynamic-error can be corrected with the calculated DCC.
Electron Density Measurement Using Multi-Energy X-Rays from a Conventional Laboratory X-Ray Source
Authors: Nagao Akie , Yamazaki Toshinori , Torikoshi Masami , Sunaguchi Naoki , Kanai Tatsuaki , Hayashi Tamako , Suzuki Kosuke , Hoshi Kazushi , Sakurai Hiroshi
Published: February 2019

We have proposed a method to obtain the electron density and effective atomic number from the attenuation coefficients of multi-energy X-rays. The simulations were performed using NIST’s database and demonstrate that our approach can facilitate electron density measurements within accuracy of 1% in a human body. The proposed method exhibited an improvement in the accuracy of electron density measurements, which were obtained from experimental linear attenuation coefficients using a conventional laboratory X-ray source with energy spectrum.
Envelope Structures Based on Energy-Efficient Lightweight Concrete from Local Raw Materials for the Republic of Crimea
Authors: Davidyuk A. , Davidyuk A.
Published: February 2019

The paper discusses the importance of lightweight structural insulation concretes for large-scale and economical construction of residential and social buildings in the Republic of Crimea. Constructing buildings using structures made from lightweight structural insulation concretes is cost-efficient due to availability of the necessary raw material component in the Republic of Crimea. The paper also describes the composition and process of manufacturing lightweight structural insulation concretes from fired aggregate – foam-quenched culletа, gives a comparative analysis of thermal conductivity and water absorption, foam-quenched cullet test results versus other similar materials. Tests and calculations yielded conclusions about characteristics of lightweight structural insulation concretes based on foam-quenched culletе: high structural quality coefficient, increased thermal resistance, widespread availability and easy production of input raw materials for the manufacture of foam-quenched cullet, environmental friendliness with the possibility of industrial waste recycling, durability, and fire and biological resistance.
The Prospects of Use of Eco-Friendly Materials in the Cement Industry
Authors: Luchkina V.V.
Published: February 2019

Portland cement is a main type of construction materials, however his production does harm to the environment. In article the author has considered prospects of production technologies and the main properties of the eco-friendly knitting materials in the concrete used when constructing facilities different function. Researches have shown that alternative types of eco-friendly materials have the limited fields of use, but can widely be used for construction of roads, airfields, hydraulic engineering constructions already in the nearest future. Speed of their introduction in production will depend on activity and demand of consumers for these types of cement.
Fiber Concrete for Industrial and Civil Construction
Authors: Klyuev Sergey V. , Khezhev T.A. , Pukharenko Yu.V. , Klyuev A.V.
Published: February 2019

In the article the questions of application of a steel fiber for disperse reinforcing of fine-grained concrete are considered. Main filler of a fiber concrete mix was the KMA industrial sand enriched with sand. The carried-out researches showed advantage of a steel wave fiber before the anchor and flat milled. The optimal type of fiber is revealed, in which the greatest increase of strength and deformation characteristics is observed. Thus, it can be concluded that the type of steel reinforcing fiber and its shape have a significant impact on the length of building structures and buildings as a whole.
Improvement of Properties of the Argillaceous Soils when Using Additives "Chimston" in Combination with Inorganic Astringent
Authors: Trautvain Anna Ivanovna , Akimov Andrey , Yakovlev E.
Published: February 2019

Paper observes research of the mechanical characteristics of the stabilized soil with different «Chimston» additives. Current work focuses on the application of the «Chimston-1» and «Chimston-2» produced by Zipo research and production company. Stabilized soil is based on local soils: argillaceous sand ground and sand clay. Chemical additives are mixed with water according to the manufacture’s recommendations. Amount of the «Chimston-1» is 0.07% of the soil. Amount of the «Chimston-2» is 0.01% of the cement. During the research plasticize effect is studied, based on maximum density and optimal humidity. Water saturation, mechanical strength under tension in bending and compression. It is established, application of the "Chimson" additives allow to increase key characteristics of the stabilized soil without increasing of the cement. «Chimston-1» additive has strongly pronounced plasticize effect which allow to increase soil compaction and decrease optimal humidity. Additive "Chimston-2" is a water repellent with a high degree of efficiency with soil stabilization.
Influence of Oligomers Based on Trifunctional Oxyphenyl on Colloid-Chemical Characteristics of Mineral Dispersions
Authors: Poluektova V.A. , Shapovalov N.A.
Published: February 2019

The paper describes change patterns of colloid-chemical properties of mineral dispersions depending on the number of oxygroups in the aromatic ring of an elementary unit cell of oligomer molecules based on trifunctional oxyphenyls. It is proved that with the increase in the number of oxygroups within an elementary unit from 1 (phenol) to 3 (phloroglucine), the increase in plasticizing ability and plasticizing activity of oligomers is observed, while the plastic viscosity decreases due to the increase in water layer thickness between particles. Adsorption saturation of a surface layer with phloroglucinefurfural oligomers is achieved with smaller concentrations in the solution rather than with resocine-and phenolfurfural oligomers, which indicates the increase in binding energy of adsorbate with an adsorbent surface. The increase in repulsive forces is mainly caused by the formation of developed adsorption layers of oligomers on the surface of disperse phase particles and the increase in surface negative charge during adsorption of anion oligomers with one, two or three oxygroups within an elementary unit.
Low-Temperature Aluminosilicate Nanostructured Binder - Characteristics and Applicability
Authors: Zhernovsky Igor V. , Cherevatova Alla V. , Kozhukhova Natalia Ivanovna , Osadchaya Maya Sergeevna , Ksenofontov D.A.
Published: February 2019

Current trends in the field of construction material is focused on enhancement of sustainability of building materials and constructions urging on development of new types of inorganic binders and composites in order to meet the modern requirements of service performance and special properties. This research studied and demonstrated the opportunity to develop zero-cement heat-resisting granite-based nanostructured binder (GNB) using «green» technology production. XRD and DTA analyses demonstrated that the thermal exposure of GNB to wide range of temperatures of 20–1000 °C leads to such phase transformations in the binder as α-quartz to β-quartz transformation; amorphous alkali-aluminosilicate (gel) to crystal phase of Са-albite. The calculation of cell volumes characteristics for low-temperature (before thermal exposure) and high-temperature (after thermal exposure) phases was performed using following equation: where is concentration (by wt. %) of mineral phases;Viis unit cell volume of mineral phases, Å. The calculated ratios of unit cell volumes were close to 1 which ensures a structural stability of the GNB under thermal exposure and confirms its heat-resistant performance.
Porous Structure Formation of Aerated Concrete with Variational Properties
Authors: Deryabin P.P. , Chulkova I.L. , Raschupkina M.A. , Danilina Yu.S.
Published: February 2019

The main drawbacks of aerated concrete preparation traditional technology are considered. The method essence for the porous structure formation of aerated concrete products with variational properties is formulated. The main factors affecting aerated concrete products properties of varying density and strength along the cross-section are indicated. The mold cover closed surface with a circular opening area effect on aerated concrete products main properties is shown and its optimum value is revealed. The traditional and modern types gas generators influence on gas evolution kinetics, mixture swelling height, gas generators stability in time and variable density and strength on the cross-section aerated concrete products main properties are considered.
Properties of Energy Effective Concrete Based on Artificial Granulated Aggregate
Authors: Botsman L.N. , Strokova Valeria V. , Ogurtsova Y.N.
Published: February 2019

The paper deals with change patterns of heat-efficient concrete depending on the content of artificial granulated aggregate and water. The obtained results allow analyzing the quantity and degree of influence of each factor on physical-mechanical properties of concrete and defining its structure.
To the Question of Fiber Reinforcement of Concrete
Authors: Klyuev Sergey V. , Khezhev T.A. , Pukharenko Yu.V. , Klyuev A.V.
Published: February 2019

The question of adhesion of fibers with a cement matrix is considered. Under certain conditions the fibers connect and hold the places of potential breaks. The important characteristics of fibre fibers are: surface texture, cross-sectional shape and construction in the longitudinal direction of the fiber. A sufficient number of fibre fibers located in the direction of the acting force can take the tensile force after the rupture of the matrix. The question of the fiber content in the percentage of the volume, which is sufficient to increase the strength, is considered. The properties of the finished concrete mixture and the adhesion of the fiber and the concrete matrix depend on the parameters. As a rule, there is a poor adhesion of smooth steel fibers in the cement stone.
Research of Durability and Structure of the Heavy Concrete Modified by Polymeric Impregnation in the Frigid Climate
Authors: Kuzmin S.A. , Argunova A.A. , Krasilnikov D.A. , Emelianova Z.V.
Published: February 2019

Today concrete is the main material for construction of buildings and constructions and increase in its operational characteristics is a priority problem of modern scientific research acts. This work represents experience of modification of heavy M200 concrete on the basis of local raw materials of Yakutia, with use of polymeric impregnation of "Silor-Ultra" as a result of which data on increase in strength characteristics of material were obtained, the internal structure of the modified concrete was investigated.
Scientific and Practical Bases of a Method of Reception of Thin-Layer Heat-Insulating Coverings
Authors: Sychova A.M. , Machnev S.A. , Shevchuk A.M.
Published: February 2019

The paper presents a brief overview of the thin-layer thermal insulation paints used now and their characteristics. A new composition of thin-layer heat-insulation coating is proposed. The introduction of solid phases of non-autoclaved foam concrete with the average density D150 with high values of the standard entropy of formation in it is scientifically substantiated from the point of view of increasing the thermal protection properties. It is shown that such phases have an advantage in comparison with the solid phases of the glass and ceramic microspheres used now. It is also proved that the presence of thin-layer thermal insulation coating of nanoscale particles in the form of silica in the composition favours the reflection of the incident heat flux due to the Tindal effect and provides an increase in the polydispersity of the composition. The calculation of the resulting composition by the Van Vleсk formula used in the classical science is given.
Solid-Phase Modification of Cement Systems by Organosilicon Polymers
Authors: Vavrenyuk S.V. , Krasitskaya S.G. , Vavrenyuk V.G.
Published: February 2019

In this paper, studies of solid-phase modification of cement systems with organosilicon polymers are presented. Modification of organosilicon polymers was carried out by co-milling clinker and polymers. The number of polymers directly related to cement particles and the features of their adsorption are studied. As demonstrated on the basis of studies of IR spectra, polyorganilsilsesquioxanes and polydiorganosiloxanes participated in chemical interaction with cement systems. Structural characteristics of cement systems (specific surface and particle size), formed during mechanochemical modification, are studied. It is shown that the mechanochemical introduction of organosilicon polymers leads to a significant increase (by 30-60%) of the resistance of cement stone to freezing-thawing in salt solutions.
Swivel Joints of Transformable Net Shells Structures
Authors: Buzalo N. , Tsaritova N. , Chernykhovsky B.
Published: February 2019

The net shells have unlimited possibilities for creating new architectural forms. The growing number of buildings constructed using this technology indicates the prospects for the use of such structures, especially in harsh climatic conditions and remote areas. The design of reticulated shells is self-supporting and has higher bearing properties compared to other types of structures. This is due to the uniform distribution of loads on all the rods of the structure, which virtually eliminates brittle fracture. The aerodynamic shape of the reticulated shells provides the best wind flow compared to other structures, which makes them stable during destructive hurricanes and tornadoes. The authors set the task to calculate and design the connection swivel node of spatial rod constructions elements; the calculations were carried out in view of geometrical and physical nonlinearity. To that effect, the solid-state model of node was created and numerical simulation was carried out. The computer simulations of the net shells structures, the use of CAD software complexes for automation of activities on stages of design and technological preparation of production are allow to reduce the time of design development, improve the quality and reliability of the design and manufacture of elements.
Effect of Thermal Treatment of Building Materials on Natural Radionuclides Effective Specific Activity
Authors: Mikhnev Ilya P. , Salnikova N.A. , Mikhneva S. V.
Published: February 2019

The influence of heat treatment (burning) of building materials on the effective specific activity of natural radionuclides was investigated. Analysis and processing of the obtained results allowed to obtain a consistent pattern of this process for each material. It has been established that the effective specific activity of natural radionuclides decreases along with growth of temperature of building rocks treatment. The results showed that it is possible to reduce the effective specific activity of natural radionuclides managing technological production modes and, consequently, to reduce the radiation doses of the population from these materials.
Vibration Protection of Historical Buildings Located near the Lines of Urban Rail Transport
Authors: Smirnov Vladimir
Published: February 2019

Besides the underground, the second common type of public transport is the tram. Tram lines in Moscow city center, as well as in other cities in Russia, are being renovated and reconstructed. Vibration of the railway track travels through the ground to the foundation of buildings adjacent to tram lines, causing high vibration and structure-borne noise levels inside them. The article presents result of a vibration isolation system analysis and design for a building, located in 37m of the two-lanes tram line. Prior to design procedure, field measurements were made and vibration levels inside the building were recorded. The vibration isolation system design included calculation of soil pressure on the isolation pad and subsequent estimation of the elastomeric pad dynamic modulus. Using this data, the eigenfrequecny of vibration isolation system was derived and its efficiency calculated. After the system maintenance, measurements were made to check the system’s performance. During the measurements acceleration of isolated part of the building and the ground surface were synchronously measured and transfer function derived.
Effect of Mechanically Activated Layered Silicate on the Properties and Structure of Polytetrafluoroethylene
Authors: Sleptsova S.A. , Lazareva N.N. , Kapitonova Yu.V.
Published: February 2019

The results of studies of mechanical activation of mineral layered silicate - vermiculite as a method of improving compatibility with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) are presented. The influence of mechanoactivation on the crystalline structure of silicate as well as on deformation-strength, tribotechnical characteristics and coefficient of thermal expansion of composites is considered. The effectiveness of the use of mechanical activation to improve the combination of vermiculite with a polymer matrix is ​​confirmed by the results of the tests. It is shown that the preliminary mechanoactivation of the layered silicate leads to an increase in the elasticity, modulus of elasticity and wear resistance of the developed composites while maintaining the breaking strength at the level of the original PTFE.