bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Domestic Violence in Pakistan: A Qualitative and Econometric Analysis
Authors: Akram Naeem
Published: July 2021

Domestic violence exists in every country, irrespective of the culture, ethnicity, age, income, and education of the women. World Health Organization has estimated that approximately 35% of women worldwide had experienced sexual or physical violence. The present study has attempted to analyze the role of different socioeconomic indicators on the prevalence of domestic violence. In this regard, data of Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2017–2018 has been used and logit models have been estimated. It has been found that women married below the age of 18; living in rural areas; have more children; whose mothers experienced violence; feared their husbands; with little or no autonomy in decision-making; had a bank account; married outside of the family; and had not inherited any land or property were significantly more vulnerable victims of domestic violence. It has been found that women's education, education of her husband, and exposure to media by creating awareness may protect women from domestic violence. Furthermore, working women are more likely to face domestic violence, but women who have started working before marriage are significantly less vulnerable victims of domestic violence. However, the age of women herself, the age of husband, age of household head and wealth of household, living in the nucleus or joint family, receiving any support from Benazir Income Support Program (BISP) have no significant role in determining the domestic violence in Pakistan.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PENDIDIK DAN TENAGA KEPENDIDIKAN DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN NEGERI 1 PALEMBANG
Authors: Rosiah Rosiah , Nur Dalinur M , Dewi Emi Puspita
Published: July 2021

This study uses quantitative research methods, which in processing the data in the form of numbers. In this study, the regression variable (X) of work motivation and variable (Y) of performance aims to determine whether motivation has an effect on the performance of educators and education staff at the state vocational high school 1 Palembang. Motivation at work can have an impact on the performance carried out, this motivation can affect the behavior of each individual at work to get maximum work results. In this study, the data was processed through a questionnaire with the number of respondents totaling 87 people, both from educators and education staff with civil servant and non-civil servant status at SMKN 1 Palembang. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire with a statement of 30 questions. The variables in this study are motivation as the independent variable (X) and performance as the dependent variable (Y). The data collected was then analyzed using a simple linear regression analysis technique by testing the test hypothesis (T) and the coefficient of determination (R2). To prove the decision-making using the SPSS For Windows Version 25 application. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that motivation affects the performance of educators and education staff at the Palembang 1 state vocational high school seen from the t-count value (2.965) which is greater than t- table (0.677742) with a significant level of 5% this means that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Meanwhile, the percentage of the effect is 36.9% and the rest is influenced by other factors not examined in this study.

Keywords: Work Motivation, Performance.
Direito e Sociedade: as Estruturas e Funções da Lei no Direito Inglês
Authors: Araujo Marilene , Santos Maria Celeste Cordeiro Leite dos
Published: July 2021

O artigo “Direito e Sociedade: as estruturas e funções da Lei no Direito Inglês” é fruto do ensino destinado a estudantes do curso de Mestrado em Direito na Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, no primeiro semestre de 2020, na disciplina Teoria Geral do Direito I – Direito, Poder e Justiça: o Hiperciclo e o Ordenamento Jurídico. Seu objetivo primordial é o de compreender como as regras jurídicas são feitas e usadas na Common Law em suas semelhanças e distinções da Civil Law. A sociedade civil (societas civilis) contrapõe-se à “sociedade natural” (societas naturalis), sendo sinônimo de “sociedade política” (em correspondência, respectivamente com a derivação de civitas e polis). O estudo da sociedade como sistema social, suas estruturas e macro e micro funções no subsistema jurídico (segundo Niklas Luhmann) é atual, preponderante, e será objeto deste estudo no Capítulo I. O Capítulo II visa investigar as fontes e modelos daCommon Law. O Capítulo III analisa o Hiperciclo do Direito e faz conjecturas sobre o Direito Comum. Sendo o direito um fenômeno multifacetário e de difícil definição com rigor, por sua ambiguidade e imprecisão sintática em seu uso corrente nas diferentes culturas, a metodologia empregada foi a Tópica aristotélica, no foco da investigação zetética, com abertura constante para o constante questionamento. Seguem-se as Conclusões e Bibliografia.
The Case Fontevecchia and D’amico Against Argentina
Authors: Assumpção Everson Alexandre de
Published: July 2021

Este artigo científico foi baseado em um estudo de caso, julgado pela Suprema Corte Argentina. Nesse processo, o autor ajuizou ação na justiça cível para ressarcir os danos contra os autores da Revista Notícia, por entender que foram violados os direitos à intimidade, à privacidade, à honra e à imagem. O artigo buscou analisar a colisão de princípios, normas, direitos e jurisprudência que levou a Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos a se pronunciar a favor de Jorge Fontevecchia e Heitor D’amico. Estes foram condenados pelo Estado Argentino por entender que houve violação do Direito à Privacidade. No entanto, o tribunal internacional decidiu revogar a sentença proferida e julgada pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal da Nação Argentina, por entender que Fontevechia e D’amigo não violaram o Direito à Liberdade de Expressão, tornando a ação ilegal e, portanto, obrigando o Estado Argentno desistir da ação e também promover a devida reparação dos danos causados ​​aos autores da revista. Em 14 de fevereiro de 2017, o Estado Argentino rejeitou a decisão da Corte Interamericana, transformando este caso em um dos mais famosos “casos paradimáticos” do direito internacional público argentino. Finalmente, em 18 de outubro de 2017, a Corte Internacional emitiu outra resolução para tornar ineficaz a sentença no caso Fontevecchia y D’Amico. Concluiu-se, portanto, que mesmo com a reforma constitucional argentina de 1994 e a concessão de uma hierarquia constitucional aos padrões internacionais de direitos humanos, ficou definido que as regras dos tratados internacionais “não derrogam as disposições da primeira parte da Constituição Argentina” nos termos do artigo 75, inciso 22, mas atribuiu aos tratados internacionais um caráter de complementaridade, além da proibição, prevista no artigo 27 da Convenção de Viena sobre o Direito dos Tratados, de invocar razões de ordem interna, a fim de não cumprir com as obrigações internacionais. Para a elaboração deste artigo científico, utilizou-se o método dedutivo e a pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva. Como referências bibliográficas foram utilizados materiais publicados, literatura científica, Legislação e Jurisprudência que foram relevantes para os fins aqui discutidos.
A Crise na União Europeia e os Impactos nos Princípios Fundamentais do Trabalho Diante da Flexibilização de Direitos pelos Estados-Membros em Contrariedade aos Preceitos do Direito Comunitário
Authors: Vaz Andréa Arruda , Berberi Marco Antônio Lima , Martins Tais
Published: July 2021

A pesquisa apresenta de forma prática os impactos da crise de 2008 e anos seguintes na Europa e a atuação do bloco econômico, para amenizar a crise por meio de medidas de austeridade, que perduram até a presente data. A busca por uma solução para a crise que assolou a União Europeia, o possível conflito com os direitos indisponíveis e a necessidade imposta de flexibilização de direitos, em especial em direito do trabalho merece debate. Ao que se percebe as medidas apresentadas pelos países integrantes da União Europeia para solucionar ainda que em parte a crise econômica está diretamente ligada a ideia de supressão de direitos. A exemplo cita-se a redução de jornadas de trabalho, aumento de idade para aposentadoria, entre outros preceitos fundamentais inerentes a dignidade da pessoa humana, que vêm sendo flexibilizados no decorrer da crise. Discute-se a legalidade destas flexibilizações diante da tutela de proteção dos direitos humanos fundamentais e do Direito comunitário europeu, sob o ponto de vista do direito internacional, das Convenções da OIT, ONU, que foram ratificadas pelos diversos países da Europa. Ao longo dos anos, a União Europeia perpassa por uma série de crises e consequentes precarização do direito do trabalho, sendo uma das mais recentes e relevantes, a saída do Reino Unido da União Europeia, por meio do denominado Brexit.
The 2008 Agreement Between the Holy See and Brazil on the Juridical Statute of the Catholic Church in Brazil in the Eyes of the Brazilian Superior Courts
Authors: Szazi Eduardo
Published: July 2021

Em 2008, o Brasil e a Santa Sé firmaram um Acordo sobre o Estatuto Jurídico da Igreja Católica e suas Instituições Eclesiásticas no Brasil (o “Acordo”). O Acordo foi aprovado pelo Congresso Nacional pelo Decreto Legislativo 698 em 7 de outubro de 2009 e entrou em vigor na esfera internacional em 10 de dezembro de 2009. Em 11 de fevereiro de 2010, pelo Decreto Presidencial 7.107, entrou em vigor na esfera nacional. O objetivo deste ensaio é avaliar a consistência do Acordo com a laicidade do Estado consagrada na Constituição brasileira de 1988. A hipótese é a validade do Acordo devido ao status especial da Santa Sé no Direito Internacional. A metodologia de estudo consistiu em uma descrição da relação histórica entre Estado e Igreja no Brasil como preâmbulo para o levantamento de casos que trataram do Convênio de 2008 e das correspondentes decisões nos Tribunais Superiores brasileiros. Como resultado, apuramos que o Judiciário brasileiro sustentou a compatibilidade do Acordo com a laicidade do Estado brasileiro em dois casos que discutiram, respectivamente, a possibilidade de homologação, pela Justiça brasileira, de atos eclesiásticos de declaração de nulidade emitidas por tribunais de casamento ao abrigo do Código de Direito Canônico, e a possibilidade de aulas confessionais em escolas públicas. Ambas as possibilidades foram confirmadas pelos tribunais superiores brasileiros em decisões históricas sobre o status da Santa Sé na prática brasileira de direito internacional.
Entorno residencial y habitabilidad urbana en tiempos de pandemia: el caso de Xalapa [México]
Authors: Hernández-Bonilla Mauricio , Lozano-Merino Karla Lorena
Published: July 2021

En diversos foros especializados en el área de arquitectura y urbanismo se ha debatido sobre la calidad y las condiciones de habitabilidad tanto de la vivienda como del entorno inmediato ante el llamamiento al confinamiento debido a la pandemia generada por el COVID 19. Para el caso mexicano el “quédate en casa”, es una de las principales estrategias para mantenerse a salvo y evitar un posible contagio, pero la pregunta que surge es ¿Hasta qué punto nuestra vivienda y entorno urbano inmediato cuentan con las condiciones para poder permanecer en estos por tiempo prolongado? En este artículo, exponemos los resultados de una investigación realizada a través de una encuesta de opinión a los habitantes de la ciudad de Xalapa, Veracruz. Los resultados son reveladores con relación a la valoración del entorno habitacional y la vivienda en el contexto de la emergencia sanitaria por parte de sus usuarios, puesto que ha quedado en evidencia la existencia de deficiencias relevantes en cuanto a la habitabilidad en las viviendas y su entorno inmediato y en materia de espacio público, seguridad, cohesión social e incluso en la propia convivencia social dentro y fuera de las vivienda.
Molecular Genotyping of Tsst-1 Gene Staphylococcus Aureus from Clinical Specimen
Authors: Puspitarini Marinda Dwi , Kuntaman Kuntaman , Wasito Eddy Bagus , Setyarini Wahyu
Published: July 2021

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the most common pathogen in humans that causes various infections. Variations in infections due to S. aureus are related to the presence of virulence factors, one of which is Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 (TSST-1) which is the main cause of Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS). This study aimed to explore the genetic pattern of the tsst-1 genes among MSSA and MRSA from clinical isolates of patients at Dr. Soetomo Academic Hospital, Surabaya-Indonesia. PCR examination was performed on 106 clinical samples of S. aureus isolates to determine the presence of the tsst-1 genes; subsequently, phylogenetic analysis was performed. The positive tsst-1 genes were found in 3 (5.7%) MSSA isolates and 2 (3.8%) MRSA isolates from 106 samples, of which were divided into 53 MSSA isolates and 53 MRSA isolates. No significant difference was noticed between the tsst-1 genes on both the MSSA and MRSA bacteria (p = 0.648). The positive tsst-1 genes were found in 1 (4.5%) of pus specimens and 2 (16.7%) of blood specimens from MSSA isolates. However, the positive tsst-1 genes were found in neither sputum nor urine specimens. The genes were found in 2 (16.7%) of blood specimens from MRSA isolates. Based on the phylogenetic tree, Indonesian tsst-1 isolates belonged to the same clade as Japan, Iran, Iraq, India, Egypt and the United Kingdom isolates. The prevalence of tsst-1 genes of both MSSA and MRSA from clinical isolates in Dr. Soetomo Academic Hospital Surabaya are 5.7% and 3.8%, respectively. The tsst-1 genes of Surabaya-Indonesia, Japan, Iran, Iraq, India, Egypt and the United Kingdom belonged to the same clade.
High Risk of Failed Skin Graft on Major Burn Patients with Complication of Hypernatremia
Authors: Hariani Lynda , Budi Agus Santoso , Wulandari Ephora Christina
Published: July 2021

The rate of failed skin graft in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya was around 26% of the cases, and it became a concern because skin graft was the main procedure to close large burn wounds. Many problems might affect this event; one of them was electrolyte imbalance. Hypernatremia was found in major burn patients. This condition disrupted the wound healing process of skin graft. This cross-sectional study evaluated patients with burns admitted to the Burn Centre of Dr. Soetomo Hospital between January 2014 and December 2018. 143 subjects participated in this study. Hypernatremia was found in 16% of all subjects (23 subjects), 19% with hypernatremia (28 subjects), and the majority of it, 65% with normonatremia (92 subjects). This study found that the risk of failed skin graft was higher on hypernatremia than normonatremia subjects. This risk was higher if the skin graft procedure took more than 10%.
Effectiveness of The Newborn Behavioral Observation (NBO) System in Improving Mother and Infant Interaction
Authors: Windarti Siti Wahyu , Suryawan Ahmad
Published: July 2021

The interaction of mother and infant is a fundamental basis for the development of the infant. It can also determine the success of the baby in the future. About 4 out of 10 infants experience problems interacting with their parents. The NBO system was created to sensitize parents on their infant’s competencies to help them understand their infant’s behavior, and promote positive interactions between parents and their new infant. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the NBO system to improve mother-infant interactions and find out the mothers’ knowledge about their infant’s behavior when participating in this observation. This study was a cross-sectional study consisting of all the newborns and their mothers admitted to the Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya from May 2019 to January 2020 who met the inclusion criteria. Mothers and infants participated in the NBO within 1-3 days after delivering their infants and one month postpartum for the second NBO. The NBO was carried out with 35 mothers and infants. The mothers’ age was on average 28.5±5.98 years old, multiparous mothers accounted for 71.4%, most infants were male (65.7%), the median gestational age was 38 weeks with the median birth weight 2900 grams. The median score of mothers’ knowledge about their infants before the NBO session was 2 (1-6). After the session, these median scores increased to 7 (5–10) significantly (p<0.001). The NBO system was significant to strengthen mother-infant interaction and increased the mothers’ knowledge about their infants’ behavior.
Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma of Prostate in Adult: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Andhika Dimas Panca , Hardjowijoto Sunaryo
Published: July 2021

Rhabdomyosarcoma is the fifth most common type of soft tissue solid tumor in children and the most common in the last two decades. Rhabdomyosarcoma of the urogenital organ is a rare mesenchymal tumor, covering 22% of all Rhabdomyosarcoma cases. The two most common histologic types are alveolar and embryonal, whereas botryoid and spindle cells are rarely found. We reported a case of embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate. In this study, we improved the understanding of Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate on 23 years old male who had a history of swelling in the perineal area and a history of falling from a height in the groin area 5 months before. The patient complains of the difficulty of urinating and hematuria one month after falling. We underwent drainage of the swelling area, found pus 100cc and took a sample for pathological examination. The result was embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Prostate volume was 122cc, PSA 5,32 and PSAD 0,04. The CT scan result was solid mass size 15x8x18 cm at perineum enhance to the pelvic cavity, push the bladder to the superior, rectum to posterior, and urethra posterior to the left side. We diagnosed this patient as Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma prostate T2bG1N0M0 (stage 3) group 3 and intermediate-risk group. The patient underwent VAC chemotherapy based on D.9803 (IRS V) protocol and planned radiotherapy, but it stopped at halfway because of profuse bleeding. Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma is an aggressive tumor, especially in adults. However, there was limited evidence and guideline to diagnose and manage the disease.
Detection of Escherichia Coli Using PCR Analysis Without DNA Extraction
Authors: Widodo Wimbuh Tri , Huda Choirul
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to detect Escherichia coli directly without DNA extraction. The nucleus membrane and cell membranes of the Escherichia coli are composed of a phospholipid bilayer, damaged if heated at 950C. Pre-denaturation and denaturation of PCR were carried out at 950C. The two stages are thought to break down the Escherichia coli cells, so that the DNA that comes out of the cells can directly become a template in the PCR analysis. In this study, PCR analysis was carried out using Escherichia coli culture, Escherichia coli bacteria culture incubated at 950C, and Escherichia coli bacteria cultures incubated at 650C + on ice as templates. The results showed that PCR analysis using Escherichia coli culture directly and Escherichia coli culture incubated at 650C + on ice as templates produced very thin DNA bands with a size of 580 bp. while PCR analysis using Escherichia coli bacteria culture incubated at 950C as a template produced thick DNA bands with a size of 580 bp. This study's results are very useful for saving time and costs in the detection of Escherichia coli bacteria. The sample to be tested does not need DNA isolation as usual, but only needs to be incubated at 950C for 10 minutes.
The Improvement of Community Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices After Covid-19 Socialization
Authors: Khaerunnisa Siti , Syafa'ah Irmi , Wungu Citrawati Dyah Kencono , Prabowo Gwenny Ichsan , Handajani Retno , Safitri Indri , Notopuro Harianto , Qurnianingsih Ema , Lukitasari Lina , Humairah Ira , Bakhtiar Arief , Suwandito Suwandito , Asih Susi Wahyuning , Anggraeni Zuhrotul Eka Yulis , Adi Ginanjar Sasmito , Nugrahani Ely Rahmatika , Zulka Ayesie Natasha , Soetjipto Soetjipto
Published: July 2021

This study determined community knowledge, attitudes, and practices after COVID-19 socialization in Rambipuji and Suci Village, Jember District, East Java, Indonesia. This study used the analytic observational design study. As many as 40 people were given socialization about COVID-19 by gathering and online. The questionnaires were completed in two parts included before-socialization and after-socialization. The questionnaire data were analyzed descriptively by calculating frequency, percentage, and inferential statistics by t-test, Spearman correlation, and chi-square test. The data analysis used IBM SPSS version 23 software. The mean and standard deviation of percentage of knowledge pre-test, knowledge post-test, high attitude, moderate attitude, low attitude, very high practice, high practice, sufficient practice, and low practice were 58.33 ± 30.97, 77.70 ± 22.52, 62.5±21.7, 31±22.2, 6.5±17.1, 65±13.8, 32.3±13.8, 1.25±2.4, 1.25±1.8, respectively. Knowledge pre-test and post-test correlated 0.819 (p=0.001) and a t-test with p=0.003. Attitudes and practices correlated with p=0.001. Socialization of COVID-19 was useful to improve the community knowledge, attitudes, and practices in Rambipuji and Suci Village, Jember District, East Java, Indonesia that could prevent the transmission and inhibit the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Furthermore, continuous encouragement of COVID-19 socialization in wide areas was recommended.
Distribution of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) in Cervical Adenocarcinoma and Adenosquamous Carcinoma
Authors: Mastutik Gondo , Rahniayu Alphania , Kurniasari Nila , Rahaju Anny Setijo , Harjanto Budi
Published: July 2021

Approximately 20-30% of all cervical cancer cases are adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma. Around 70% of all of these types of cancer are related to infection of Human Papillomavirus (HPV). This study evaluated the distribution of HPV genotype in cervical adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Anatomic Pathology, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from January to December 2015. The sample were 22 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) of cervical adenocarcinoma tissues and adenosquamous carcinoma tissues. FFPE was used for DNA extraction and followed with HPV genotyping to detect 40 genotypes of HPV, including low risk (LR) and high risk (HR) HPV. The histopathological types of adenocarcinomas were adenocarcinoma NOS and mucinous adenocarcinoma, while the adenosquamous carcinoma types were adenosquamous carcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma glassy. All of the specimens were infected by HPV. In cervical adenocarcinoma, the infection was by HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 45, 68B, and 72, and in adenosquamous carcinoma by HPV 6, 16, 18, 45, and 59. HPV 18 was predominant, which was found in 13/22 (59.1%) in adenocarcinoma and 19/22 (86.4%) in adenosquamous carcinoma. Single infection and multiple infections in adenocarcinoma were 13/22 (59.1%) and 9/22 (40.9%), while in adenosquamous carcinoma were 21/22 (95.5%) and 1/22 (4.5%) respectively. The most common HR HPVs found in this study were HPV 18, HPV 45, HPV 16 and LR HPV are HPV 11, HPV 6.
ANALYSIS OF COMPLIANCE OF EAR PROTECTOR USAGE ON THE PREVENTION OF NOISE INDUCE HEARING LOSS AT STERILIZATION INSTALLATION
Authors: Rahmawati Rosydiah , Purnami Nyilo , Cahyani Makhmudyah Indri
Published: July 2021

Noise Induce Hearing Loss (NIHL) is a work disease that is often found in industrial workers. The use of ear protectors that are in accordance with the standard along with the continuity of optimal use can reduce the risk of hearing loss due to noise in the workplace. Adherence to use ear protectors greatly affect the possibility of a person experiencing a more severe hearing loss. The purpose of this study is to prove the existence of relationship of compliance with the use of ear protectors with hearing loss due to noise in the installation of sterilization and laundry. This study used cross sectional methods. Seventeen samples were taken by consecutive sampling for audiometry examination and measurement of compliance with the use of Ear Protective Equipment. Respondents received an average score of 1.86 indicating that compliance with the use of ear protectors was sufficient. Based on the results of the measurement of the auditory threshold in 17 respondents as many as 4 respondents (23%) normal hearing and as many as 13 respondents (77%) experienced NIHL. The results of statistical tests with Pearson correlation show that the Pearson correlation coefficient number of -0.643, which means that the correlation between compliance variables with noise due to noise is 0.643. Based on the criteria above, the relationship between the two variables is significant because the number of significance is P-value / Sig 0.005 <0.05. So, there is a relation between years of work with Noise Induce Hearing Loss, education and Noise Induce Hearing Loss, and compliance with the use of ear protectors with NIHL
TRAFFIC CONGESTION LEVEL IN 10 SELECTED CITIES OF POLAND
Authors: CABAN Jacek
Published: July 2021

Transport has a great impact on human activities but contributes to many negative phenomena occurring in road traffic, for example, road traffic accidents, emission of toxic exhaust fumes into the atmosphere and a high share of cars in road traffic. For the above reasons, many initiatives have been taken in the field of road traffic management and urban logistics. Based on a literature review, it was found that the problem of the phenomenon of traffic congestion in urban areas remains an ongoing issue. In the first part of this article, the theoretical issues of traffic flow and congestion formation in the city road networks were presented. While the second part outlines the situation of transport congestion in 10 Polish cities based on the worldwide TomTom Traffic Index in the years 2008-2018. This study is a brief analysis of the trends relating to transport congestion based on the TomTom Traffic Index in these cities.
REFLECTIVITY OF ANODISED AL-SI ALLOY SURFACE OF BELT PULLEYS USED IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
Authors: LABISZ Krzysztof
Published: July 2021

The recent trend of using aluminium alloys instead of steel has reached the transportation industry, where increasingly, more parts are made of aluminium. An example is the belt pulley, applied for combustion engines for energy transmission. This part should be strong, durable, and lightweight. Aluminium-silicon alloys are a good choice, moreover, even when the surface is anodised, also because of their moderate inertia control and excellent wear characteristic during mechanical operations. Since aluminium is lightweight yet mechanically durable and anodised, it is an ideal belt pulley to use, especially in high-temperature operations. However, the main question is what type of Al-Si alloy, casting method and anodisation method should be used in terms of energy adsorption, having long-term properties for a lifetime, has to be applied. For this reason, this paper presents the influence of the chemical composition, casting method and anodising parameters on the structure and thickness of the anodic layer produced on aluminium alloys, as well as on the albedo value as an ability to reflect or absorb light. The aluminium alloys, AlSi12Cu1 and AlSi9Cu3, were used as research materials, obtained using different casting methods. The goal of this work was to determine the optimal combination of the anodisation conditions and materials for maximising the reflectivity factor of the surface, as a very important factor, determining the energy amount absorbed by an anodised surface. For further improvement of these surface properties as well as for enhancement of the properties and strengthen the material produced with different aluminium alloys production methods, different alloying additives were added. In addition, the mechanical properties of the surface layer were measured, where a remarkable hardness increase was obtained, and the best combination in form of AlSi12Cu1 high pressure cast was found with the highest albedo factor among all tested surface variants.
THEORETICAL ASSUMPTIONS AND DEFINITIONS OF CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE ACCOUNTING OF COST PROCESS
Authors: Janković Sandra
Published: July 2021

Povećanje konkurencije i jačanje procesa globalizacije rezultiralo je smanjenjem prihoda i dobiti u hotelskoj industriji. To između ostalog nameće potrebu da hotelski menadžeri efikasnije upravljaju troškovima kako bi povećali profitabilnost i ostali konkurentni. Obračun troškova procesa metoda je koja hotelskim menadžerima pruža točne informacije o profitabilnosti proizvoda i usluga. Primjenom obračuna troškova procesa troškove proizvoda čine ukupni troškovi svih procesa uključenih u proizvodnju tog proizvoda tj. usluge. Ono predstavlja osnovu za poboljšanje korištenja resursa kao i izbjegavanje strateških grešaka upravljanja.
MANAGEMENT OF BUSINESS RESULTS OF WEB SITE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM BASED ON LOG FILE ANALYSIS (IMPLEMENTATION OF DDWS MODEL BY WLE PROGRAM SECTION)
Authors: Šimunić Mislav
Published: July 2021

Analiza log datoteke omogućuje jedinstveno i stalno prikupljanja podataka o ponašanju posjetitelja određenih web stranica. Naime, za svaku je tvrtku, odnosno poslovni sustav od izuzetne važnosti prikupiti što više korisnih informacija i detalja o interesu korisnicika svojih proizvoda i usluga. Činjenica je da se trendovi u svijetu sve dinamičnije mijenjaju i da ih je sve teže pratiti. U skladu sa time, jednom kreirane web stranice ne predstavljaju završen zadatak. Njihovo dotjerivanje, reorganiziranje mora biti stalan proces i to po mogućnostima u skladu sa dinamikom promjena na tržištu potražnje. Kroz daljnji tijek ovoga rada implementacijom će se predstaviti model permanentnog sustavnog praćenja, analiziranja i reorganiziranja web čvora, upravljivog prema ponašanju, odnosno aktivnostima korisnika u sklopu istoga. Za tu je svrhu pribavljen «postojeći, živi» sustav koji je za potrebe testiranja instaliran na lokalno računalo (IIS Server, Web baza, Web čvor HTZ-a). Funkcionalnošću WLE programskog rješenja obrazložit će se predstavljeni koncept stalne dinamike web čvora kao MMIM-a koji prema konceptu stalne dinamike može znatno utjecati na poboljšanje poslovnog rezultata.
PROPOSAL OF A MODEL FOR MEASURING AND EVALUATING THE HOTEL BUSINESS RESULTS IN QUALITY SYSTEM
Authors: Vrtodušić Hrgović Ana-Marija
Published: July 2021

Kod uvođenja se i primjene suvremenih sustava mjerenja i ocjenjivanja rezultata poslovanja mogu koristiti i modeli poslovne izvrsnosti. Predloženi sc model za mjerenje i ocjenjivanje rezultata poslovanja u ovom radu temelji na EFQM modelu poslovne izvrsnosti. On predstavlja samo jedan od mogućih modela što je i u skladu sa zahtjevima EFQM modela poslovne izvrsnosti koji definira koje aspekte rezultata poslovanja treba pratiti i ocjenjivati, ali ne i na koji način.
QUALITY OF SERVICES IN THE BANKING INDUSTRY: CONCEPT AND MEASUREMENT
Authors: Marković Suzana
Published: July 2021

Istraživanja znanstvenih i stručnih radova, stranih autora, svjedoče o rastućem zanimanju za proučavanje koncepta kvalitete (Quality), upravljanja potpunom kvalitetom (Total Quality Management), kvalitete usluga (Service Quality) i zadovoljstva klijenta (Customer Satisfaction), za razliku od domaćih autora, koji vrlo rijetko ili samo s nekoliko aspekata, proučavaju ove koncepte. U svojoj težnji za poboljšanjem kvalitete hotelskih usluga i zadovoljstva hotelskih gostiju, hotelski menadžeri često nailaze na problem mjerenja kvalitete usluga. Stoga je cilj ovog istraživanja detaljno objasniti koncept kvalitete usluga, te koncept mjerenja kvalitete usluga. Osim toga, u radu se opisuje i SERVQUAL ljestvica mjerenja (Parasuraman, ZeithamI, Berry, 1985., 1988., 1991.), kao i ostale ljestvice i modeli, koji se najčešće koriste u mjerenju kvalitete usluga u hotelskoj industriji.
ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF MONITORING AND VALUATION OF THE BUSINESS RESULTS OF THE CROATIAN HOTEL INDUSTRY
Authors: Maškarin Helga
Published: July 2021

Istraživanje predstavljeno u ovom radu imalo je za cilj formiranje konceptualnog okvira mjerenja rezultata poslovanja hotelskih poduzeća na osnovu stavova managera hotelskih poduzeća, a baziranog na konceptu Balanced Scorecarda - Uravnoteženog sustava rezultata poslovanja. Istraživanje ukazuje na razlike između stavova managera o tome što određuje njihov uspjeh i onoga što zaista mjere, te na razlike u shvaćanju managera različitih funkcija o tome koji značaj za sveukupnu uspješnost imaju pojedini pokazatelji.
OVERVIEW OF ACCOUNTING METHODS OF LEASING COVERAGE
Authors: Vlašić Dubravka
Published: July 2021

Lizing se javlja kao oblik financiranja kojim davatelj lizinga prenosi na korisnika lizinga pravo na korištenje određene imovine u određenom vremenskom razdoblju. Računovodstveno obuhvaćanje lizinga, od vrlo mnogo vrsta lizinga koje postoje u praksi koristi podjelu na financijski i operativni lizing, Njihove karakteristike definirane su prvenstveno nacionalnim zakonima, općim postavkama civilnog i trgovačkog prava, međunarodnim standardima od kojih su u Europskim zemljama prihvaćeni Međunarodni računovodstveni standardi MRS (International Accounting Standards - IAS), a u SAD USGAAP (United States - Generally Accepted Accounting Principles). Različita klasifikacija lizinga koja proizlazi iz ovih propisa ima utjecaj na temeljne financijske izvještaje.
Restructuring and repositioning of private accomodation in Primorsko-Goranska county: problems and solutions
Authors: Cerović Zdenko , Smolčić Jurdana Dora , Milohnić Ines
Published: July 2021

The paper presents the results of a research conducted on private accommodation as most common form of accommodation within the tourism offer of Primorsko-Goranska County. The study was conducted in 2008, and the obtained results of the research are analysed in the paper, conclusions made, key problems identified and appropriate measures proposed, with the aim of enhancing the quality of this segment of the tourism industry. The goal of the above mentioned measures’ implementation are quality improvement, repositioning and restructuring of private accommodation and its transformation into small family hotels, boarding houses or apart-hotels.
Personal attributes associated with successful management in the hospitality industry - a pilot study in licensed retail operations
Authors: Ineson Elizabeth M. , Stone Graham J.
Published: July 2021

The research sought to identify key qualities associated with successful licensed retail managers, defined as effective, efficient and profitable operators. Through semi-structured in-depth interviews, managers’ views on success criteria, and problems associated with this type of employment, were elicited. The greatest assets were considered to be personal stability, mobility, good health and support from relatives/family. Physical and mental stamina, well-developed interpersonal skills, anticipation, vigilance and attention to detail were also cited. Prior academic attainment was not considered to be crucial to success; hard biodata from application forms did not allow successful managers to be identified.. The greatest problems in the job centred on people management. Reasons for choosing the job included variety, challenge, the need to be with, enjoyment from talking to, entertaining, pleasing and developing others and delivering a service. Elements of emotional intelligence, including commitment and hardiness, were identified as primary success indicators.
Sports tourism and system of experiences
Authors: Perić Marko
Published: July 2021

Tourists are increasingly more experienced and demanding and seek a wide range of experiences. They wish to broaden their horizon or feel enriched by engaging in new and specific sports activities. Therefore, sport in the modern tourism has not only a perceptual role, but it is also important contents of stay, and frequently the main motive for travelling to a certain tourist destination. In some cases the types of sports and sports services, and the unique experiences that are expected from sports activities directly affect the tourists when choosing a destination they will visit. The aim of this paper is to accentuate the connection between sport and tourism and to analyze the motives and profiles of participants in sports events. Based on years of experience working with top and amateur athletes as well as numerous interviews with the concerned, main sports tourism types will be mapped into the system of experiences schema, specific management tool that allows destination managers better management of experiences.
Treatment and prevention of recurrent vulvovaginal infections in patients with pelvic inflammatory disease
Authors:   Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd, Russian Federation, Selikhova M.S. , Soltys P.A. ,   Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd, Russian Federation, Smolyaninov A.A. ,   Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

Objective. To study the influence of vaginal microbiocoenosis on the clinical course of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and evaluate the efficacy of the long-term use of probiotic Gynoflor E in case of recurrent vulvovaginal infections in patients of this group. Patients and methods. 117 patients diagnosed with «pelvic inflammatory disease, acute vulvovaginitis» were examined. Patients were divided into two groups: the main group consisted of 45 patients for whom Gynoflor E was prescribed (1 tablet per day for 6 days in the first phase of two subsequent menstrual cycles) in outpatient conditions after treatment of vulvovaginitis (Fluomizin intravaginally (1 tablet per day for 6 days) + Gynoflor E (intravaginally for 6 days); the comparison group included 28 women who received two-stage treatment: an antiseptic was prescribed (Fluomizin intravaginally, 1 tablet per day for 6 days), then Gynoflor E for 6 days (vaginal tablets containing eubiotic + estrogen). Evaluation of the effectiveness was carried out after the end of the treatment course in 3 and 6 months. Results. The effectiveness of two-stage treatment of vulvovaginitis with the inclusion of antiseptic and Gynoflor E in the complex of treatment was 94.5%. The long-term prescription of the drug Gynoflor E contributed to the maintenance of physiological vaginal microbiocoenosis after 6-month treatment in 82.0% of patients (in the comparison group – 46.4%) and reduced recurrence nearly twice. Conclusion. The study showed a high (89.7%) commitment to long-term treatment, however, it should be noted that these are not population indicators, but the group of patients with chronic PID and recurrent vaginal infections. Key words: antiseptic, pelvic inflammatory disease, vulvovaginitis, Gynoflor E, long-term microbiocoenosis correction scheme, recurrence, chronic course
Mechanisms for remodeling of connective tissue of the pelvic floor during pregnancy, childbirth and in the postpartum period
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Bayanova S.N. , Aleksandrov L.S. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Ishchenko A.I. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Pletnikov M.V. ,   University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA, Nikonov A.P. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Ishchenko A.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Bokarev M.I. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Zholobova M.N. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Berishvili M.V. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Budnikova K.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Proklova G.F. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

The analysis of literature data on molecular mechanisms for remodeling of connective tissue of the female reproductive system during pregnancy, childbirth and in the postpartum period is presented. The search for publications and their analysis was conducted in PUBMED, Google Scholar, eLIBRARY.RU databases. Particular attention was given to the study of expression pattern of specific proteinases involved in the process of synthesis and combination of elastic fibers, assembly of the collagen polypeptide chains at different stages. The place of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in proteolytic degradation of the extracellular matrix of connective tissue is described. Pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period are the triggering mechanism for connective tissue remodeling, certain mechanisms of which remain unclear and require further investigation. Key words: collagen, lysyl oxidase, metalloproteinases, сonnective tissue, fibulin-5, extracellular matrix, elastic fibers
Niqab Perspektif Mahasiswi IAIN Surakarta: Pemahaman terhadap Teks dan Praktik Bercadar
Authors: Hikmawati Ari , Muttaqin Zaenal , Hasan Moh Abdul Kholiq
Published: July 2021

This paper discussed the motives of wearing niqab among Muslim women. Most of Muslim women wear niqab because of religious motives. However, the development of niqab recently brings up a variety of colours and models. This diversity indicates different motives among Muslim women in wearing niqab. Surveying IAIN Surakarta’s students who wear niqab, this research elaborated the relationship between their motives of wearing niqab and their understanding of Islamic teaching about niqab. The research found that even though the main motive to wear niqab is to observe religious teaching, IAIN Surakarta’s students who wear niqab also consider the practice for safety reasons. They also realize that wearing niqab is not an obligation in Islam and follow schools which consider it as preferable (sunah).
Analisis Kepemimpinan Perempuan Muslim dalam Konteks Kontemporer
Authors: Mufarikhin Mufarikhin , Dewi Siti Malaiha
Published: July 2021

Women's leadership has been a controversial issue in the contemporary history of several Muslim societies. Meanwhile, in relation to this, some scholars have permitted it as a form of social necessity in a modern context, most Muslim scholars have also refused because of its effect which is considered to be debilitating. Examples of women's leadership in general and as heads of Muslim states can be found in the context of the success of Benazir Bhutto in Pakistan, Khalida Zia and Sheikh Hasina in Bangladesh, Megawati Sukarnoputri in Indonesia, Atifete Jahjaga in Kosovo, Roza Otunbayeva in Kyrgyzstan, and Mame Madior Boye in Senegal. This issue is debatable because there is no clear direction regarding the leadership of the state and the high position of government which makes the problem divisive and full of conflict. Given the context, there is a need to analyze Muslim leadership in a contemporary context. This paper discusses the concept, brief history, the importance of women's leadership and analyzes the views of Islamic scholars within the scope of contemporary Islamic thought, which are based on the textual arguments of the Qur'an and Sunnah of Muslim scholars. This paper concludes that although a small portion of the entire Muslim spectrum tries to justify allowing women's leadership to develop social, economic and political perspectives, many Muslim scholars view it as a violation of God's commandments and, therefore, strictly preventing the appointment of women as both heads of state. high government officials.
Arab Saudi dan Iran: Kontestasi Ideologi dan Dampaknya di Kawasan Timur Tengah Pasca The Arab Spring
Authors: Hamid Ihsan , Setiadi Ozi
Published: July 2021

Saudi Arabia and Iran: Ideological Contest and Its Impact in the Middle East Region after The Arab Spring. Tensions surround the Middle East region, especially between Saudi Arabia and Iran. The Sunni-Shia ideological factor contributed to the conflict in the region and also attracted these two countries. This research will answer the question how is the form of contestation of Sunni-Shia ideology represented by Saudi Arabia with Iran in the Middle East? What are the factors and impacts of the conflict between Saudi Arabia and Iran on countries in the region after the Arab Spring? The historical approach (historical analysis) was chosen to explain the two research questions above, using qualitative methods. Saudi Arabia and Iran represent both a Sunni-Shia ideological contestation, both of which try to support each other's ruling government, as well as conflicting oppositions based on ideological backgrounds. This support is carried out in the form of military assistance, weapons, or direct involvement which is marked by various statements that appear in the media. The disharmony of Saudi Arabia and Iran is driven by several factors, namely first, the Sunni-Shia ideological struggle between the two. Second, the claim to be the holder of the Islamic religion in each version. And third, oil. While the impact of this is political instability in the Middle East region after the Arab Spring, to the "cold war" involving Saudi Arabia and Iran.             

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ANALISIS KITAB RUJUKAN HADIS YANG DIGUNAKAN DALAM KITAB TA’LIM AL-MUTA’ALLIM OLEH SHAYKH AL-ZARNUJI
Authors: Bin Kirin Arwansyah , Masruri Muhammad , Bin Husen Ismail Faisal , Marpuah Siti
Published: July 2021

Kitab Ta’lim al-Muta’alim yang dikarang oleh shaykh al-Zarnuji merupakan kitab klasik yang berisikan adab atau etika belajar dan mengajar antara guru dengan murid. Kitab ini cukup terkenal di Nusantara khususnya Indonesia, karena ia banyak dipelejari bahkan dijadikan rujukan di pondok-pondok pesantren sama ada yang klasik mahupun moden hingga ke hari ini. Hadis-hadis yang terdapat dalam kitab ini dirujuk dari pelbagai kitab sumber hadis. Namun sumber rujukan bagi kitab Ta’lim al-Muta’allim belum diterokai secara sistematik. Justeru kajian ini menerokai serta menganalisis sumber rujukan yang terdapat dalam kitab tersebut. Metodologi kajian ini adalah kualitatif melalui kaedah kepustakaan dan reka bentuk analisis kandungan kitab Ta’lim al-Muta’allim. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan terhadap 40 hadis dan 108 riwayat, didapati 23 kitab yang diguna pakai oleh Shaykh al-Zarnuji dalam karyanya Ta’lim al-Muta’allim mulai dari kitab-kitab yang berisikan hadis-hadis Sahih sampailah kitab yang mengandungi hadis Da’if dan Mawdu’. Oleh itu, analisis tematik ini amat penting dilakukan agar dapat dikenal pasti kitab sumber hadis yang digunakan oleh Shaykh al-Zarnuji dalam karyanya Ta’lim al-Muta’allim.

[Analysis of Hadith References Used in The Book Ta'lim Al-Muta'allim by Shaykh al-Zarnuji. The book of Ta'lim al-Muta'allim written by shaykh al-Zarnuji is a classic book which contains manners or ethics of learning and teaching between the teachers and students. This book is well-known in the archipelago, especially in Indonesia since it has been studied a lot and has even been used as a reference in Islamic boarding schools as well as classical and modern ones nowadays. The hadiths contained in this book are referred from various sources of hadith. However, the source of reference for the book of Ta'lim al-Muta'allim has not been recorded systematically. In fact, this study explores and analyzes the reference sources contained in the book. The methodology of this study is qualitative through literary principles and design forms of analysis of the content of the book Ta'lim al-Muta'allim. Based on the analysis carried out on 40 hadiths and 108 narrations, it was found that 23 books used by Shaykh al-Zarnuji in his Ta'lim al-Muta'allim started from books containing Sahih hadiths until the book containing the hadiths of Da ' if and Mawdu '. Therefore, this thematic analysis is very important to ensure that the source book of the hadiths used by Shaykh al-Zarnuji can be identified in his work Ta'lim al-Muta'allim.]