bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Are monopolies useful for society
Authors: Turishcheva Tatyana , Malafeeva Anna
Published: April 2024

Nowadays monopolies are considered mainly only as a market fiasco, but this is not quite true, because everything depends on the policy of the monopoly firm. The path of formation of modern monopolies is traced and the main ideas of scientists about monopolies themselves and their activities are highlighted. It is assumed that the interpretation of the concept of "monopoly", put forward earlier by well-known economists, is somewhat outdated and does not reflect the current situation in the market, so this paper will use a slightly different view of monopolies. The paper considers monopolies as a positive result of competition, i.e. monopolies do more good than harm, as it takes into account that many negative effects of monopolies are neutralised by the government's policy of regulating the activities of economic entities with a dominant position in the market. In addition, the article not only highlights the benefits and harms of monopolies, but also formulates new methods of regulating the activities of monopolies, taking into account their advantages and disadvantages. This article aims to analyse whether monopolies can be useful to society, to highlight the main positive consequences of the existence of monopolies in the market. The relevance of this study is due to the fact that earlier studies in the field of analysing the efficiency of the activity of large economic agents of the market at the moment do not reflect the real situation in the studied area, so it is necessary to conduct additional analysis, which will show the impact of monopoly companies on the current market structure and on the basis of which it will be possible to draw conclusions about their role in the economy of the current period.
Theoretical economy: onwards and beyond to the development of the concept
Authors: Gordeev Valery
Published: April 2024

This section offers an overview of the materials of the 3rd (110th) issue of the journal. In the editor’s opinion, the publications of this issue introduce ideas that allow us to rise, according to the favorite expression of the blessed memory of the esteemed Bronislav Dmitrievich Babaev, «forward and higher» to the development of our concept of theoretical economy, which we have been carrying out on the pages of our publication for almost a decade and a half. It is shown what such a rise consists of on the example of each published work. It is noted that it is manifested, of course, to varying degrees in the speeches of both well-known readers and new authors. The main attention in the content of the proposed issue is still paid to topical problems of theoretical economy, theoretical and economic aspects of the study of new industrialization, modern problems of the world economy, and the creativity of young researchers.
Polska wieś czasu transformacji: mity i rzeczywistość
Authors: Bukraba - Rylska Izabella
Published: April 2024

Mijające dwie dekady cechuje daleko posunięta niezależność naukowego myślenia od rzeczywistości. Trzy główne procesy (deruralizacja, dezagraryzacja i depezantyzacja), uznawane za najważniejsze wymiary dokonującej się transformacji wsi i rolnictwa, zachodzą bardzo powoli bądź w ogóle uległy wyhamowaniu, co więcej, wyrażające je parametry pozostają dużo gorsze niż u schyłku „komuny”. Można zatem zaryzykować twierdzenie, iż tzw. segment agrarny podlega nie rozwojowi, ale regresowi, a transformacja to w jego przypadku tyle, co dezolacja. Sugerowane zjawisko wpisuje się jako typowe w cykl polskich modernizacji, naznaczonych od XV wieku piętnem „paradoksu”: wieś i rolnictwo służą za amortyzator kolejnych przemian, ponosząc ich koszty i negatywne konsekwencje.
Problemy rozwoju gmin objętych europejską siecią ekologiczną NATURA 2000
Authors: Bołtromiuk Artur
Published: April 2024

W opracowaniu zostały przedstawione problemy, z jakimi spotykają się wiejskie samorządy i podmioty gospodarcze w procesie rozwoju w związku z funkcjonowaniem na obszarach europejskiej sieci ekologicznej Natura 2000. W subiektywnym bowiem odczuciu badanych przedstawicieli wiejskich środowisk sieć ta stwarza poważne bariery rozwojowe. Takie negatywne postrzeganie Natury 2000 wynika w dużej mierze z nieporozumień dotyczących rzeczywistych ograniczeń inwestycyjnych, których źródłem jest głównie brak informacji, oraz z przedmiotowego potraktowania samorządów w procesie wyznaczania takich obszarów. Jednak bardzo często walory lokalnego środowiska przyrodniczego uznawane są przez mieszkańców obszarów wiejskich za istotne czynniki aktywizacji i rozwoju.
Problemy finansowania rolniczych ubezpieczeń emerytalno-rentowych w Polsce
Authors: Paszkowski Stanisław
Published: April 2024

Ubezpieczenie emerytalno-rentowe jest jednym z głównych narzędzi polityki socjalnej państwa wobec ludności rolniczej. Obecnie funkcjonujący system tego ubezpieczenia został oparty na składce wymierzanej w jednakowej wysokości i oferuje rolnikom szeroki zakres świadczeń. Udostępniane jednak nim emerytury i renty są znacznie niższe niż oferowane z Funduszu Ubezpieczeń Społecznych. Podstawowym mankamentem analizowanego ubezpieczenia jest drastyczny brak zrównoważenia wpływów i wydatków funduszu emerytalno-rentowego i oparcie wypłat świadczeń na dotacjach budżetowych państwa. Od pewnego czasu podejmowane są działania mające na celu ograniczenie niesamodzielności finansowej systemu. W połowie bieżącej dekady zaostrzono przepisy określające dostęp do systemu, a w bieżącym roku podwyższono kwoty składek dla ubezpieczonych z gospodarstw rolnych o największej powierzchni. Efekty finansowe wywołane wprowadzeniem ostatnich zmian przepisów prawnych mają jednak charakter marginalny. Badania wskazują jednak na możliwości zwiększenia wpływów ze składek w przychodach funduszu emerytalno-rentowego.
Efektywność gospodarstw wielkotowarowych w latach 2005-2007 – pomiar metodą nieparametryczną
Authors: Ziółkowska Justyna
Published: April 2024

Celem artykułu było określenie efektywności technicznej i efektywności skali dla trzech grup gospodarstw rolnych przy użyciu metody nieparametrycznej DEA. Dane empiryczne pochodziły z panelu. W każdej z badanych grup wskaźniki efektywności technicznej uległy pogorszeniu (w latach 2005–2007). Ta sama sytuacja miała miejsce również w przypadku efektywności skali (wyjątek stanowiły wyniki jednoosobowych spółek).
Zróżnicowanie poziomu rozwoju obszarów wiejskich w Polsce a problem realizacji polityki spójności
Authors: Stanny Monika
Published: April 2024

Podstawowym problemem opracowania jest odpowiedź na pytanie, czy prowadzona w okresie poprzedzającym akcesję z UE polityka spójności w rzeczywistości zmniejsza różnice rozwojowe występujące w kraju, czy też występuje tendencja do powiększania się ich w wyniku działania innych czynników, takich jak renta położenia czy większa atrakcyjność lokalizacyjna obszarów o rozwiniętej infrastrukturze. Odpowiedzi na to pytanie poszukiwano poprzez określenie zróżnicowania poziomu rozwoju oraz zróżnicowania dynamiki przemian prorozwojowych.
Czynniki warunkujące sprzedaż nieruchomości rolnych Skarbu Państwa
Authors: Nawrocki Tomasz
Published: April 2024

W artykule zaprezentowano dotychczasowe doświadczenia Agencji Nieruchomości Rolnych w zakresie prywatyzacji nieruchomości rolnych Skarbu Państwa. Realizację misji Agencji przyspieszyłoby uchwalenie dalszych przepisów prawnych liberalizujących obrót gruntami rolnymi Skarbu Państwa. Dotychczasowa działalność Agencji ulegała na przestrzeni ostatnich 17 lat permanentnym dostosowaniom do aktualnej sytuacji w rolnictwie i gospodarce kraju. Obecnie nowym wyzwaniem dla Agencji jest potrzeba zasilania budżetu państwa i tworzenia funduszy celowych na pokrycie wydatków związanych z realizacją niektórych przedsięwzięć społeczno-gospodarczych.
Sieć Natura 2000 w opinii lokalnych przedsiębiorców z terenu Zielonych Płuc Polski
Authors: Czarnecki Adam
Published: April 2024

Sieć Natura 2000 stanowi elementarną formę ochrony zasobów naturalnych, obok parków narodowych, krajobrazowych i rezerwatów przyrody. Wdrożenie tego systemu ujawniło jednak pewne formalne ograniczenia dla rozwoju przedsiębiorczości pozarolniczej, choć należy w nim widzieć także potencjalne korzyści. Jako wstęp do dyskusji o roli sieci Natura 2000 w funkcjonowaniu wiejskiej gospodarki można potraktować prezentację opinii i ocen jej dotyczących, formułowanych przez lokalnych przedsiębiorców z regionu Zielonych Płuc Polski. Głównym celem badania było ustalenie stopnia znajomości pojęcia sieć Natura 2000 wśród przedsiębiorców oraz przedstawienie ich opinii o ocenie wpływu tej sieci na rozwój gmin, życie wiejskich społeczności i przedsiębiorczość pozarolniczą w kategoriach potencjalnych korzyści i zagrożeń.
Rozwój przedsiębiorczości na cennych przyrodniczo obszarach wiejskich
Authors: Tederko Zenon
Published: April 2024

Z roku na rok wydłużają się czerwone listy zagrożonych wyginięciem gatunków, znikających naturalnych siedlisk, narasta tempo degradacji środowiska naturalnego i utraty różnorodności biologicznej. W tym kontekście niezmiernie ważny jest fakt, że duża część różnorodności biologicznej jest przedmiotem gospodarczego użytkowania i podlega jego wpływowi, zarówno negatywnemu, jak i pozytywnemu. Środki niezbędne do zatrzymania degradacji środowiska naturalnego i powstrzymania utraty bioróżnorodności dalece przekraczają możliwości instytucji i funduszy publicznych. Długookresowa i skuteczna ochrona środowiska naturalnego nie jest możliwa bez włączenia użytkowników środowiska naturalnego - sektora biznesu, tj. przedsiębiorców i towarzyszącej sfery finansowania inwestycji. Jest wiele przykładów na to, że przedsiębiorstwa oparte na wykorzystywaniu zasobów przyrodniczych mogą odgrywać aktywną i pozytywną rolę w ich ochronie i zrównoważonym użytkowaniu. Konieczne jest stworzenie instrumentów doradczych i ekonomicznych zachęcających i wspierających przedsiębiorstwa w podejmowaniu dedykowanej działalności gospodarczej nastawionej na jednoczesne osiąganie oczekiwanych efektów ekonomicznych i przyrodniczych.
The Health of Aggression
Authors: Aylward Jack
Published: April 2024

This article attempts to reestablish the importance of human aggression as a figural cornerstone in both the origin and practice of Gestalt therapy. Attention is paid to the early contributions of Frederick Perls in reformulating psychoanalytic theory with respect to what he considered to be the primacy of aggression over sexuality in terms of human growth and development. Distinctions are made between what would be considered “healthy” versus “unhealthy” applications of aggression within the maturation cycle of the organism, its social functioning, and the effective practice of Gestalt therapy. Problems related to the definition and application of aggressive expression are discussed through Gestalt-related literature and differences noted in more contemporary research. Practitioners of the Gestalt approach are encouraged to review the relevant literature as a way of revisiting and refreshening their understanding of the clinical importance of aggression in the practice of Gestalt therapy.
Effectiveness of Brassica oleracea L. Var. Italica on Liver Repair of Mice Exposed to the Heavy Metal Pb
Authors: Inglhiani Selvira , Rizal Fahmi , Baehaki Farhan , Cantika Erika , Wahid Aziz Ansori
Published: April 2024

Lead toxicity has a broad impact on human health, specifically on the liver. Lead can neutralize antioxidants so there is a risk of increasing the number of free radicals and can damage the liver. Therefore, the amount of antioxidants in the body can be a factor in preventing damage to the body due to lead. This research was carried out to determine the effectiveness of Broccoli extract in repairing the livers of mice exposed to the heavy metal Pb Acetate. This research is experimental research with a Posttest-only Control Group Design. The research object was mice (Mus musculus) which were divided into 5 groups. Data was collected by observing liver tissue objects using histology techniques. The research results showed the good effectiveness of broccoli extract (Brassica oleracea L. Var. Italica) in improving the liver of mice. In the 50% dose group, hepatocytes turned normal. Fatty degeneration occurred in groups with a dose of 75% and a dose of 100%. From these results, it can be said that broccoli extract can be an alternative for treating liver damage due to exposure to heavy metals. However, you need to pay attention to the dosage used.
MİLLİYETÇİLİK, TARİH VE İKTİDAR İLİŞKİSİ: KUZEY MAKEDONYA’DA “ANTİKLEŞME” SÜRECİ VE TARİH İNŞASI
Authors: Aliu Murat
Published: April 2024

Milliyetçilik çağında tarih, milliyetçiliğin siyasi hedeflerini meşrulaştırmada etkili bir araç olarak hizmet etmeye başladı. Milletlerin geçmişini keşfeden tarih, milliyetçi ideolojiyle, dolayısıyla siyasal iktidarla da yakın ilişkiye girmiştir. Siyaset ve tarih arasındaki bu yakın ilişki, millet ve ulus-devletlerin, ortak geçmişi gibi kültürel unsurlarla meşrulaştırıldığı Balkanlar'da daha da belirgin hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada 2006 yılında Makedonya hükümetin himayesinde başlayan “antikleşme” sürecini incelemek amaçlanmaktadır. Antikleşme süreci ile Makedon halkının etnogenezi konusunda yeni bir kuram ortaya atıldı: çağdaş ile antik Makedonlar arasında etno-kültürel ve tarihsel sürekliliği. Makedon halkının kökenine ilişkin bu yeni teori ve bunun sonucunda oluşan yeni ulusal anlatının arkasında, Makedon ulusunun tarihsel meşruiyet eksikliği ve Bulgaristan, Sırbistan ve Yunanistan gibi komşular tarafından tanınmaması yatmaktadır. Bu bağlamda “antikleşme”, VMRO-DPMNE hükümetinin Makedon ulusunun “eksik” olan etno-tarihini devletin doğrudan müdahalesiyle üretme girişimdir. Antikleşme, bahsedilen komşuların 19. yüzyılından beri Makedon ulusunun tanımaması ve İkinci Dünya Savaşı'ndan sonra Yugoslav komünistlerinin bir icadı olduğu yönündeki iddialarına topyekûn bir yanıt olarak tasarlanmıştı.
Derecho del trabajo: Neuroderechos a partir de la reforma de la Ley 21.383 y su proyección
Authors: Padilla Parga Roberto
Published: April 2024

Con la reforma de la Ley 21.383 se produce, en el ordenamiento chileno, un fenómeno inédito a nivel global mediante el reconocimiento constitucional de neuroderechos. Atendido a que las neurotecnologías proyectan influencia en la vida social y a que el trabajo cumple una función central en ella, corresponde preguntarse si existe algún tipo de efecto de este derecho en el ámbito laboral y qué puede decirse respecto a la inclusión de los neuroderechos en el derecho del trabajo. Este texto argumenta contra la idea de proceder inmediatamente a la adopción de esta propuesta en el ámbito laboral en favor de explorar las opciones ya existentes en el ordenamiento jurídico del ramo, las que resguardan los mismos bienes jurídicos que se buscarían proteger mediante esta nueva categoría de derechos, restándoles aporte.
Application of graphical problems in chemistry education
Authors: Angelacheva Antoaneta
Published: April 2024

Solving graphical problems brings potential opportunities for students to master knowledge and skills to create and use graphical models – sketches, schemes, drawings, tables, etc. Graphical knowledge and skills are part of the key competences of students and play an important role in learning as a tool of cognition, as a factor for building positive motivation for learning and for forming constructive skills in students. In the work, a classification of graphical problems in chemistry is proposed. A methodology for selection, compilation and application of graphical problems in chemistry education has been developed. On this basis, a system of graphical tasks has been created for the section “Properties of nonmetals and their compounds” 8th grade. Its effectiveness has been proven through pedagogical experiment.
Lessons for university education - what is useful to borrow from school education
Authors: Sakaliyska Katerina
Published: April 2024

In recent years, school education in Bulgaria (and abroad) has undergone rapid transformation, focusing on a competency-based approach to teaching, continuous teacher improvement, development of teaching methods to adapt to the dynamic present and the specifics of new generations. Despite the usual societal skepticism towards the novelty, these innovations are undoubtedly the necessary path for achieving education supported by functional knowledge and skills among students. On the other hand, higher education is traditionally more conservative and academically oriented – qualities that carry their historical significance. However, it is appropriate to critically examine the approaches and methods established in university education and seek their improvement. This article explores the possibilities of assimilating good school practices from higher education without claiming exhaustiveness but providing concrete examples. The current reading opens up a perspective for continuing education characterized by its complexity, coherence with previous educational stages, and applicability.
A joint macro and microscopic authentication key for pharmacognostic analysis of croci sativi stigma and its common adulterants on the bulgarian market
Authors: Stoyanov Asen
Published: April 2024

One of the most expensive spices and herbal substances – the saffron threads, is produced from the stigmas of Crocus sativus L. The low number of stigmas per flower, labour-intensive harvesting and high demand drive its high cost but also make it a significant target for adulteration. The current study aims to develop a key for rapid macroscopic and microscopic screening of Croci sativi stigma samples, which can distinguish between the herbal substance and its most common adulterants. A literature review was conducted to determine known adulterants of saffron and relevant identification techniques. Vaucher materials were acquired from Bulgarian markets and analysed. An authentication key was developed and then tested by students enrolled in the Pharmacognosy courses in the master’s program in Pharmacy at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”. Of 15 samples, 12 were adulterated. Using the provided key, 12 out of 13 students managed to correctly identify provided samples.
Redes de resistência: a percepção de movimentos feministas sobre políticas públicas de atenção ao parto
Authors: Araújo Maria Rafaela Amorim de , Maia Lívia Teixeira de Souza , Martins René Duarte , Silva Ana Lúcia Andrade da
Published: April 2024

O estudo analisou a atuação de movimentos feministas nas políticas públicas de atenção ao parto na Região Metropolitana do Recife. Foi desenvolvido um estudo de caso exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, através da realização de entrevistas com representantes de sete movimentos feministas. Os dados foram transcritos, codificados e analisados a partir da proposta hermenêutica-dialética. Os movimentos feministas avaliaram negativamente a organização e qualidade da rede obstétrica na Região Metropolitana do Recife. A atenção ao parto é marcada pela violência obstétrica e pela mortalidade materna, por isso os movimentos feministas pleiteiam por uma mudança radical que possibilite a  humanização da assistência e substituição ao modelo hospitalocêntrico e medicalocêntrico. Nesse sentido, os movimentos feministas vêm ocupando processos de construção, implementação e gestão das políticas públicas, a partir de diferentes estratégias: a comunicação feminista e popular, a participação de espaços de controle social e a ocupação dos espaços legislativos.
Saint Bonaventure as the Theological Inspirer for Joseph Ratzinger/Benedict XVI
Authors: Kovač Nedjeljka Valerija
Published: April 2024

The article focuses on Ratzinger’s interpretation of the theological thought of Saint Bonaventure and explores the latter’s impact on Ratzinger’s theology. Three thematic circles have been identified within which the German theologian dealt with Bonaventure: the historical understanding of God’s Revelation, the theological interpretation of history, and the eschatological fulfilment in the present time. Parallel to that, the article explores how Joseph Ratzinger / Benedict XVI incorporates the insights gained from Bonaventure into his own thought about the current topics of his time. Those twofold observations are presented through the following thematic aspects. Firstly, Ratzinger’s historical and personal notion of God’s Revelation inspired by Bonaventure and in opposition to neo-scholastic theology, together with his focus on man as the addressee of God’s Revelation; proceeding from that, Ratzinger’s insistence on the understanding of Revelation within the faith of the Church and his critique of the historical-critical exegesis. Furthermore, Ratzinger’s acceptance of Bonaventure’s interpretation of Joachim of Fiore as well as his reservation about the earthly eschatological fulfilment and accordingly, Ratzinger’s criticism of the chiliastic endeavours of his time and of the excessive postconciliar enthusiasm of the Church for this world. Ratzinger contributed significantly to the contemporary deeper understanding of St. Bonaventure and showed his relevance for today’s questions of the Church and theology.
Kako (pre)živjeti s pametnim strojevima
Authors: Jerbić Bojan
Published: April 2024

Robotika i umjetna inteligencija (UI) neupitno poboljšavaju ljudske potencijale. Djeluju u rasponu od jednostavnog zaključivanja, izvođenja jednostavnih radnji do imitacije složenih ljudskih kognitivnih i radnih funkcija. Njihovi zadatci mogu varirati od zabave ili igre do pomaganja ljudima u teškim ili zamornim zadaćama. Kako bismo razumjeli utjecaj umjetne inteligencije, važno je učiti iz prošlih uspjeha i neuspjeha, kao i predvidjeti njezine buduće smjerove i potencijalne pravne, etičke i socioekonomske implikacije. U bliskoj će budućnosti inteligentni roboti sve više postajati sastavni dio života običnih ljudi. Potencijalne koristi su velike, ali tu su i značajni rizici i etički izazovi. Naša autonomija može biti ugrožena, a društvena interakcija opstruirana. Proširena uporaba robota može dovesti do smanjenog kontakta među ljudima i mogućih ograničenja osobnih sloboda. Pametni strojevi oblikuju radikalno nov svijet, dovodeći do značajnih ekonomskih i kulturalnih promjena, stvarajući i pobjednike i gubitnike na globalnoj razini. Umjetna inteligencija razvija se uzimajući čovjeka kao uzor. Unatoč tomu, umjetna inteligencija i ljudska bića ostaju fundamentalno različiti zbog svoje različite prirode. Možemo li onda dijeliti iste moralne koncepte? Iako postoji zabrinutost oko toga što robotika i umjetna inteligencija znače za našu budućnost, postoji i vjerovanje koje dolazi iz znanstvene ili pak filozofijske perspektive, da robotika i UI predstavljaju dio te evolucije. Napredujemo usput redefinirajući čovječanstvo i neprestano preispitujući što nas kao ljude čini jedinstvenima.
The Artificial Intelligence Assessment Scale (AIAS): A Framework for Ethical Integration of Generative AI in Educational Assessment
Authors: Perkins Mike , Furze Leon , Roe Jasper , MacVaugh Jason
Published: April 2024

Recent developments in Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) have created a paradigm shift in multiple areas of society, and the use of these technologies is likely to become a defining feature of education in coming decades. GenAI offers transformative pedagogical opportunities, while simultaneously posing ethical and academic challenges. Against this backdrop, we outline a practical, simple, and sufficiently comprehensive tool to allow for the integration of GenAI tools into educational assessment: the AI Assessment Scale (AIAS). The AIAS empowers educators to select the appropriate level of GenAI usage in assessments based on the learning outcomes they seek to address. The AIAS offers greater clarity and transparency for students and educators, provides a fair and equitable policy tool for institutions to work with, and offers a nuanced approach which embraces the opportunities of GenAI while recognising that there are instances where such tools may not be pedagogically appropriate or necessary. By adopting a practical, flexible approach that can be implemented quickly, the AIAS can form a much-needed starting point to address the current uncertainty and anxiety regarding GenAI in education. As a secondary objective, we engage with the current literature and advocate for a refocused discourse on GenAI tools in education, one which foregrounds how technologies can help support and enhance teaching and learning, which contrasts with the current focus on GenAI as a facilitator of academic misconduct.
Towards identifying the components of students' AI literacy: An exploratory study based on Hungarian higher education students' perceptions
Authors: Folmeg Marta , Fekete Imre , Koris Rita
Published: April 2024

With the advent of the popular use of artificial intelligence (AI), the higher education (HE) sector is now facing a new challenge regarding how to exploit the educational potentials of Human-computer interaction (HCI). Developing students’ AI literacy is now attracting the attention of the HE and HCI research community. This paper aims to explore HE students’ perceptions of efficient and critical use of AI tools, and to systematically map the potential components of AI literacy as a new 21st century skill for HE students. This study applied a qualitative, exploratory approach in the form of semi-structured interviews with HE students. Results indicate that the participants primarily use ChatGPT for tasks such as brainstorming, topic selection, searching for information, and translation. While many find it useful for creating and reformatting texts, some encountered challenges, including generality in responses, outdated information, and issues during exams. Students highlighted its effectiveness in various academic tasks, from writing essays and CVs to language learning and transcription. Instructors’ perspectives on ChatGPT varied, with some advocating for its integration, while others expressed concerns about job security and misinformation. The implications of the study call for a more systematic introduction and discussion around AI literacy in educational settings.
Epistemological analysis of administration science: advances, frontiers and perspectives
Authors: Silva Parley Lopes Bernini da , Amorim Ana Cristina de , Pereira Sirlene Silveira de Amorim , Silva Juliano Reginaldo Corrêa da , Bortolini Maristela Helena Zimmer , Alflen Fernando , Pereira Maurício Fernandes , Costa Alexandre Marino , Dalmau Marcos Baptista Lopez
Published: April 2024

The aim of the article is to outline the majority epistemic currents in Administration Science, considering their advances, frontiers and perspective and aims to promote epistemic reflections on the main administrative currents, especially within the organizational context, recognized for its diversity and propensity to conflicts. In seeking to achieve this objective, the method used was the review of the literature on the topic, correlating them in the end with the context of Organizations: their specificities, objects of analysis and positioning regarding the object. Among the main results, we can highlight the importance of (re)thinking an epistemology that views organizations as complex and multidimensional in terms of their objectives, going beyond pragmatic and/or managerial definitions that are still present in Administration studies. Furthermore, the research highlighted the importance of the concept “Epistemology” as an instrument for acquiring knowledge, identifying its logical, sociological, historical and interdisciplinary importance in organizational studies. No less important, this research's contribution is to point out the appreciation of alternative epistemological assumptions, such as Dialectic, to enrich the debate on organizations by their Administrators, recognizing that they are complex environments and new approaches to the relationships that are established within them. In conclusion, the research recognizes and emphasizes the debate of carrying out other investigations that bring new epistemological reflections, as well as directing them in undergraduate administration courses, providing the development of knowledge; critical reflection; knowledge sharing and informed decision-making. Questions that become essential to think about in organizations today.
O crescimento das fake news após pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Silva Leandro Sebastian Pereira da , Américo Marcos
Published: April 2024

A partir do início do período da pandemia de COVID-19, verificou-se um crescimento considerável na desinformação sobre temas importantes e sensíveis para a sociedade. As notícias falsas sempre estiveram presentes ao longo da história, mas desde o aparecimento do vírus SARS-Cov 2 e consequente isolamento social, acentuaram-se, potencializadas pelo ambiente digital e pelas novas tecnologias de informação e de comunicação. De maneira concomitante, as investigações científicas, interessadas nessa temática, também apresentaram crescimento significativo em diversificadas linhas de pesquisa e áreas. Essa expansão demanda por estudos baseados em cienciometria, método estatístico de análise quantitativa, para apresentar o panorama do desenvolvimento da produção científica e acadêmica sobre fake news. Assim, esse trabalho tem o objetivo de  mapear o avanço das pesquisas científicas sobre fake news e sua disseminação por meio de compartilhamentos digitais, através de um estudo cienciométrico. Verificando a relação dos algoritmos computacionais de Inteligência Artificial (IA) com a criação, publicação e propagação de fake news. O levantamento de dados foi realizado em 7 de março de 2024, com a busca de trabalhos científicos na base de dados Scopus, utilizando os termos: TITLE-ABS-KEY ("fake news"). Os resultados são apresentados com uma breve discussão e demonstrados através de gráficos que apontam um incremento sem precedentes nas publicações científicas sobre esse tema, com o início da pandemia de COVID-19 (SARS-Cov 2). Em 2016, o número de publicações relacionadas ao tema era de 11 artigos. Em 2019, ano das primeiras notícias sobre o surgimento do novo vírus e do seu potencial pandêmico, o número total de publicações relacionadas às fake news chegou a 958 artigos. No ano seguinte, ano em que a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) oficializou a abrangência pandêmica do vírus, esse número saltou para 1479, quando a população mundial se encontrava em isolamento social. Finalmente, em 2023, ano em que a OMS declara o fim da pandemia, o número de publicações atinge 2037 artigos. Esses indicadores evidenciam a importância do tema e a necessidade das investigações para o desenvolvimento científico.
Estratégias de desenvolvimento regional: proposta nacional a formação de assentamento de população no Extremo Sul Catarinense
Authors: Muzeka Danieli Cristina de Souza , Estevam Dimas de Oliveira
Published: April 2024

No período ditatorial o sistemático viés de inclusão do planejamento estatal centralizado, vigorou-se sobretudo pelas atuações das autarquias federais que potencializaram as funções econômicas, perante a concepção das propostas nacionais para a regionalização no país. Alinhada a política de polos de desenvolvimento, presentes nas estratégias do Programa de Integração Nacional e nos Planos Nacionais de Desenvolvimento da década de 1970 a Superintendência do Desenvolvimento da Região Sul (SUDESUL), sendo, essencialmente um órgão de planejamento, ausente de uma política de desenvolvimento regional, desempenhou suas atividades em três dimensões: espacial, setorial e subsidiárias. A partir das estratégias de desenvolvimento nacional pela esfera federal, tendo como foco as ações da SUDESUL, objetiva-se, analisar as medidas orientadas ao desenvolvimento regional que suscitaram o Plano de Assentamento de População (PAP) no extremo sul Catarinense entre as décadas de 1970 e 1990. Para tal, o estudo é fundamentado na proposta dialética, utilizando-se da análise documental. Entre os resultados da pesquisa, constata-se que a SUDESUL participou ativamente no sul catarinense para o planejamento, execução e controle do subprojeto Sombrio, que objetivava o desenvolvimento socioeconômico da região, a partir da produção agrícola, pelo aproveitamento de áreas de banhados, por obras de contenção de cheias, drenagem e irrigação. Entre os setores da proposta, estava inserido um assentamento rural, intitulado: Plano de Assentamento de População (PAP). O qual visava assentar famílias agricultoras para produção agropecuária, em especial hortigranjeira tendo como destino o consumo interno e atendimento regional. Na análise temporal deste estudo, evidencia-se a descontinuidade política administrativa de ações do Estado e seus respectivos órgãos de fomento agrário e assistência socioeconômica, a comunidade. Tendo entre os limites e atuações efetivas da proposta, a descaracterização da finalidade do projeto.
Inteligência artificial: mecanismo facilitador ou prejudicial à aprendizagem?
Authors: Silva Antônio Veimar da , Silva Carla Michelle da , Santos José Leonardo Diniz de Melo , Silva Bruno Henrique Fernandes da , Mendes Sheila de Aguiar , Santos Rafael Vargas Mesquita dos , Silva Thais Rosana Leite da , Macêdo Vanderlan Feitosa de , Barreto Alice Vitória Rodrigues , Silva Mário Luiz Amorim da , Britto Anna Cecília da Silva Bugyja de Souza , Lopes Adriely Luane Martins , Anjos Danilo Nascimento dos , D'Albuquerque Juliana Barboza , Melo Felipe José Salomão de Albuquerque
Published: April 2024

A inteligência artificial (IA) está desempenhando um papel cada vez mais importante na reformulação da educação, oferecendo soluções personalizadas e adaptativas para melhorar a aprendizagem dos alunos em diversos contextos educacionais. Neste estudo, realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica abrangente e uma análise de estudos de caso relevantes para examinar o impacto da IA na educação contemporânea. Foram consideradas aplicações bem-sucedidas, desafios éticos e sugestões para pesquisas futuras relacionadas ao uso da IA no ambiente educacional. A IA na educação tem sido amplamente utilizada para a personalização do aprendizado, proporcionando tutoria inteligente e feedback adaptativo. Essas abordagens permitem que os alunos avancem em seu próprio ritmo e recebam suporte personalizado, promovendo uma aprendizagem mais eficaz e significativa. No entanto, vieses algorítmicos representam desafios éticos significativos, pois algoritmos de IA podem reproduzir e amplificar preconceitos existentes na sociedade, resultando em decisões discriminatórias no contexto educacional. Diante do potencial e dos desafios associados ao uso da IA na educação, é essencial adotar uma abordagem ética e equilibrada. Pesquisas futuras devem se concentrar em mitigar vieses algorítmicos, garantindo a transparência e proteção dos dados dos alunos. Além disso, é fundamental fornecer treinamento adequado para educadores e alunos sobre o uso responsável e crítico da IA no ambiente educacional. Com uma abordagem cuidadosa, a IA pode ser uma ferramenta poderosa para promover uma educação mais inclusiva e eficaz, capacitando os alunos a alcançar seu potencial máximo.
FREQUENCY OF LOW BACK PAIN AND ITS IMPACT ON MEDICAL STUDENTS OF BILAWAL MEDICAL COLLEGE: A RETROSPECTIVE SURVEY
Authors: BALOCH S , DURANI W , DURANI RZ , ALI Z , RIYYAN M , CHANIA HA , SAJID S , FATIMA M , KUMAR S , ALI B , LAGHARI F , LAGHARI A , LASHARI A , BUGHIO M , RAI R , BHATTI J , JUMMAN M
Published: April 2024

Low back pain (LBP) is a significant health and economic problem among populations in high-resource countries. LBP is one of the prevalent complaints among all age groups. Objective: To assess the frequency of low back pain (LBP) among medical and its impact on their daily activities and life while exploring potential associations with socio-demographic factors, exercise habits, pain-relieving consumption, history of spine trauma, and body mass index (BMI) Methods: A retrospective survey was conducted at Bilawal Medical College (BMC) among first year to final year MBBS students. Data was collected during the period of January 2022 to February 2023 using a questionnaire created on Google Form that included questions regarding the information on socio-demographic characteristics and factors such as exercise, pain-relieving consumption, any history of spine trauma, specific questions pertaining to LBP pain frequency and issues. Results: A total of 62 medical students participated in the study, of which about half were in their fourth year (50.0%), followed by the third year (20.9%) of medical school. The 20–24 age group accounted for most individuals (64.5%), followed by the 25–30-year-old age group (33.9%). Only 25.8% of the participants were overweight, defined as having a BMI of more than 25 kg/m2. Conclusion: It was concluded that low back pain is one of the most frequent health crises among medical students. Students from senior academic years reported more frequent lower back pain, which was highly significant due to increased mental stress and increased physical strain due to clinical learning. Additionally, it was found that there is no potential link between BMI and a history of spine trauma on the frequency of lower back pain or its impact on the medical student's life and their daily activities.
FREQUENCY OF THROMBOCYTOPENIA AMONG PATIENTS WITH CIRRHOSIS
Authors: MAAZ . , HAMEED A , SHAH S , MAZARI N , SHABBIR Y
Published: April 2024

Thrombocytopenia is a frequently observed condition in individuals suffering from liver cirrhosis. Objective: To find out the frequency of thrombocytopenia in patients with cirrhosis. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, from January 2022 to January 2023. All patients with cirrhosis of duration > six months, with ages of 18-60 years, both genders, and any grade of cirrhosis severity were included in the study. Patients with diseases like malaria, dengue fever, ITP and haematological malignancy, SLE, leukaemia, aplastic anaemia, or on drugs like quinine, penicillin, and digoxin were excluded from the study. Platelet counts were done by sending blood to the hospital laboratory. Result: Mean age was 47.43 ± 6.22 years, mean BMI was 25.29 ± 4.06 kg/m2, and mean disease duration was 14.86 ± 5.36 years. Males were 75 (53.1%), and females were 67 (46.9%). Thrombocytopenia was present in 108 (75.5%) and not in 35 (24.5%) patients. There was no association of age, gender, or Child-Pugh score with the occurrence of thrombocytopenia. Still, the increased BMI and increased disease duration were significantly associated with thrombocytopenia (p-value <0.05). Conclusion: There is quite a high prevalence of thrombocytopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis. The duration of the disease and increased BMI are significantly associated with the occurrence of thrombocytopenia. Further studies are recommended to have further proof.
Turkish Adaptation of Stadium Atmosphere Scale: A Comparison of Football Spectators and Fans
Authors: Aydın İsmail , Akay Buğra , Yaşartürk Fatih
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to test the Turkish adaptation of the Stadium Atmosphere Scale (STAS) and reveal its psychometric properties. We collected data from 324 football spectators and fans, which were selected using the convenience sampling method. We carried out four different tests for Turkish adaptation and psychometric properties of the scale after performing Turkish language co-validation. The CFA analysis with varying configurations of the model revealed that the construct of the STAS fit well in both the correlated factor model and the hierarchical model and best fit the data collected from the Turkish population. Additionally, we tested measurement and structural invariance to examine if the scale was also performed for spectators participating for different purposes in the same way and determined that the relevant scale preserved its basic structure in both football spectators and fans and that the scale could be used as an appropriate measurement tool. These results demonstrated that the STAS would be used as a valid and reliable measurement tool for the population in Turkey.
Geriatrik Bir Bireyin Hemşirelik Bakım Sürecinde Henderson Hemşirelik Modeli’nin Kullanılması: Olgu Sunumu
Authors: Çiftci Dilan , Tüzün Özdemir Sevda , Oksel Esra , Akyol Asiye
Published: April 2024

Fizyolojik bir durum olan yaşlanma, her canlıda görülen evrensel bir süreçtir. Yaşlanma; fizyolojik, mental ve psikososyal işlevlerin kaybına neden olmaktadır. Artan teknolojik gelişmelere bağlı olarak ilerleyen sağlık tedavi ve bakım uygulamaları Ülkemizde ve Dünya’da yaşlı nüfusu ve beklenen yaşam süresini artırmıştır. Yaşlı nüfusun artması ile kronik hastalıkların görülme sıklığı ve bu hastalıklara bağlı gelişen sağlık bakım ihtiyacı geçmişten günümüze artış göstermektedir. Yaşlanmaya bağlı gelişen fizyolojik değişimler geriatrik popülasyona özgü sorunların ortaya çıkması ile beraber bireylerin öz bakım ve günlük yaşam aktivitelerindeki bağımsızlık düzeyleri azalmaktadır. Virginia Henderson’a göre sağlığa, iyileşmeye ya da huzurlu bir ölüme katkı sağlayabilmek için etkin bir hemşirelik bakımının fizyolojik, psikolojik, sosyokültürel, spiritüel ve gelişimsel insan gereksiniminin holistik bakış açısı ile karşılanması gerekmektedir. Bu olgu sunumunda geriatrik bir bireyin bakımının planlanmasında Virginia Henderson’un geliştirdiği İhtiyaç Model’inin klinik ortamda kullanılabilirliğini incelemek ve hemşireler için modele dayalı bir bakım planı örneği sunmak amaçlanmıştır.
Perinatal Palliative Care and Ethical Issues
Authors: Yaşar Beril Nisa , Terzioğlu Füsun
Published: April 2024

Perinatal palliative care is a specialty that covers the fields of obstetrics, fetal medicine, pediatric palliative medicine and neonatal medicine. In this care, healthcare professionals offer an individualized care plan based on the needs of the fetus/newborn and family members in a multidimensional way with an interdisciplinary team approach. Unlike adult, neonatal and pediatric palliative care, the patient is not only a single person but a mother-fetus couple in perinatal palliative care; therefore this care type is based on family-centered care philosophy. Due to lack of information about preferences or requests of the fetus, families are expected to make the best medical decision for their baby considering their wishes and values. In this respect, it is important for the team members to inform the families during this process and for multidisciplinary healthcare professionals to support them for making the most appropriate decision. This review article examined the importance of perinatal palliative care, ethical issues, and the roles and responsibilities of the nurse.
Tussen New York en Genève: VN-kroniek
Authors: Avramtcheva Margarita , Burger Bram , Zonjee Joëlle
Published: April 2024

Deze kroniek beschrijft de gebeurtenissen in de diverse mensenrechtenorganen van de Verenigde Naties (VN) van september tot december 2023. Hierbij komen eerst de politieke organen aan bod: de Veiligheidsraad en de Mensenrechtenraad, en vervolgens de gespecialiseerde Comités die toezien op de naleving van de verschillende VN-mensenrechtenverdragen. Er wordt ook stilgestaan bij de aandacht die de organen hebben besteed aan het conflict tussen Israël en Hamas.
Mensenrechtelijke jubilea
Authors: Myjer Egbert
Published: April 2024

Oud EHRM-rechter Egbert Myjer myj/mert over het blijven herdenken waarom mensenrechten zo ontzettend belangrijk blijven en waarom het zo belangrijk is dat staten die partij zijn bij het EVRM zich houden aan hun bij de ratificatie gedane plechtige beloften. Daarnaast wordt stilgestaan bij het 75-jarige bestaan van het Nederlands Juristen Comité voor de Mensenrechten.
Reflective evaluations of perinatal bereavement care provision in the US and UK: An exploratory qualitative comparative study
Authors: Hollins Martin Caroline Joy , Côté Arsenault Denise , Norris Gail
Published: April 2024

There is increased recognition of the need to improve standards of perinatal bereavementcare, due to its frequency and potential sequelae. As part of a Fulbright Scholar award, United States (US) and United Kingdom (UK) researchers collaborated to explore similarities and differences in perinatal bereavement care between two nations. Using an explorative qualitative comparative method, key categories within perinatal bereavement provision were identified and analysed. Themed findings include: (1) Differences in definitions of miscarriage and stillbirth impact care pathways; (2) For the experiencer grief is the same regardless of legal lines drawn; (3) The meaning of loss is personal and ‘fetal personhood’ needs to be acknowledged during care; (4) Appropriate psychological care is required whether miscarriage or stillbirth is experienced. We conclude that perinatal bereavement care should include screening for Postnatal Depression (PND) and Post-Traumatic-Stress-Disorder (PTSD), and support should be equally available to all women who experience perinatal bereavement, irrespective of type of loss. Acknowledging that cultures react to loss in different ways, we recommend that strategies are developed to build human resilience. For example, Compassionate-Mind-Training (CMT), which helps people copewith trauma through cultivating compassion and teaching self-care strategies to buildresilience, reduce self-criticism, and decrease threat-based emotions.
Comparative Analysis of ML-Based Outlier Detection Techniques for IoT-Based Smart Energy Management Systems
Authors:   Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor 86400, Malaysia, Nayef Nayef ,   Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor 86400, Malaysia,   Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor 86400, Malaysia,   Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor 86400, Malaysia,   College of Engineering, University of Buraimi, 512, Al Buraimi, Oman,   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Abdulrahman Al-Sumait University, Zanzibar, Tanzania,   School of Technology and Innovation, University of Vaasa, 65200 Vaasa, Finland,   Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu Terengganu, Malaysia, Alduais Nayef A. M. , Omar Nurul Aswa , Mostafa Salama A. , Saad Abdul-Malik H. Y. , Abdul-Qawy Antar Shaddad H. Abdul , Nasser Abdullah B. , Ghanem Waheed Ali H. M.
Published: April 2024

With the development and advancement of ICST, data-driven technology such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and Smart Technology including Smart Energy Management Systems (SEMS) has become a trend in many regions and around the globe. There is no doubt that data quality and data quality problems are among the most vital topics to be addressed for a successful application of IoT-based SEMS. Poor data in such major yet delicate systems will affect the quality of life (QoL) of millions, and even cause destruction and disruption to a country. This paper aims to tackle this problem by searching for suitable outlier detection techniques from the many developed ML-based outlier detection methods. Three methods are chosen and analyzed for their performances, namely the K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN)+ Mahalanobis Distance (MD), Minimum Covariance Determinant (MCD), and Local Outlier Factor (LOF) models. Three sensor-collected datasets that are related to SEMS and with different data types are used in this research, they are pre-processed and split into training and testing datasets with manually injected outliers. The training datasets are then used for searching the patterns of the datasets through training of the models, and the trained models are then tested with the testing datasets, using the found patterns to identify and label the outliers in the datasets. All the models can accurately identify the outliers, with their average accuracies scoring over 95%. However, the average execution time used for each model varies, where the KNN+MD model has the longest average execution time at 12.99 seconds, MCD achieving 3.98 seconds for execution time, and the LOF model at 0.60 seconds, the shortest among the three.