bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Specific disruption of the ventral anterior temporo-frontal network reveals key implications for language comprehension and cognition
Authors: Kourtidou Evie , Kasselimis Dimitrios , Angelopoulou Georgia , Karavasilis Efstratios , Velonakis Georgios , Kelekis Nikolaos , Zalonis Ioannis , Evdokimidis Ioannis , Potagas Constantin , Petrides Michael
Published: October 2022

Recent investigations have raised the question of the role of the anterior lateral temporal cortex in language processing (ventral language network). Here we present the language and overall cognitive performance of a rare male patient with chronic middle cerebral artery cerebrovascular accident with a well-documented lesion restricted to the anterior temporal cortex and its connections via the extreme capsule with the pars triangularis of the inferior frontal gyrus (i.e. Broca’s region). The performance of this unique patient is compared with that of two chronic middle cerebral artery cerebrovascular accident male patients with damage to the classic dorsal posterior temporo-parietal language system. Diffusion tensor imaging is used to reconstruct the relevant white matter tracts of the three patients, which are also compared with those of 10 healthy individuals. The patient with the anterior temporo-frontal lesion presents with flawless and fluent speech, but selective impairment in accessing lexico-semantic information, in sharp contrast to the impairments in speech, sentence comprehension and repetition observed after lesions to the classic dorsal language system. The present results underline the contribution of the ventral language stream in lexico-semantic processing and higher cognitive functions, such as active selective controlled retrieval.
A quantitative model reveals a frequency ordering of prediction and prediction-error signals in the human brain
Authors: Chao Zenas C. , Huang Yiyuan Teresa , Wu Chien-Te
Published: October 2022

The human brain is proposed to harbor a hierarchical predictive coding neuronal network underlying perception, cognition, and action. In support of this theory, feedforward signals for prediction error have been reported. However, the identification of feedback prediction signals has been elusive due to their causal entanglement with prediction-error signals. Here, we use a quantitative model to decompose these signals in electroencephalography during an auditory task, and identify their spatio-spectral-temporal signatures across two functional hierarchies. Two prediction signals are identified in the period prior to the sensory input: a low-level signal representing the tone-to-tone transition in the high beta frequency band, and a high-level signal for the multi-tone sequence structure in the low beta band. Subsequently, prediction-error signals dependent on the prior predictions are found in the gamma band. Our findings reveal a frequency ordering of prediction signals and their hierarchical interactions with prediction-error signals supporting predictive coding theory.
The aldolase inhibitor aldometanib mimics glucose starvation to activate lysosomal AMPK
Authors: Zhang Chen-Song , Li Mengqi , Wang Yu , Li Xiaoyang , Zong Yue , Long Shating , Zhang Mingliang , Feng Jin-Wei , Wei Xiaoyan , Liu Yan-Hui , Zhang Baoding , Wu Jianfeng , Zhang Cixiong , Lian Wenhua , Ma Teng , Tian Xiao , Qu Qi , Yu Yaxin , Xiong Jinye , Liu Dong-Tai , Wu Zhenhua , Zhu Mingxia , Xie Changchuan , Wu Yaying , Xu Zheni , Yang Chunyan , Chen Junjie , Huang Guohong , He Qingxia , Huang Xi , Zhang Lei , Sun Xiufeng , Liu Qingfeng , Ghafoor Abdul , Gui Fu , Zheng Kaili , Wang Wen , Wang Zhi-Chao , Yu Yong , Zhao Qingliang , Lin Shu-Yong , Wang Zhi-Xin , Piao Hai-Long , Deng Xianming , Lin Sheng-Cai
Published: October 2022

The activity of 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is inversely correlated with the cellular availability of glucose. When glucose levels are low, the glycolytic enzyme aldolase is not bound to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) and, instead, signals to activate lysosomal AMPK. Here, we show that blocking FBP binding to aldolase with the small molecule aldometanib selectively activates the lysosomal pool of AMPK and has beneficial metabolic effects in rodents. We identify aldometanib in a screen for aldolase inhibitors and show that it prevents FBP from binding to v-ATPase-associated aldolase and activates lysosomal AMPK, thereby mimicking a cellular state of glucose starvation. In male mice, aldometanib elicits an insulin-independent glucose-lowering effect, without causing hypoglycaemia. Aldometanib also alleviates fatty liver and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in obese male rodents. Moreover, aldometanib extends lifespan and healthspan in both Caenorhabditis elegans and mice. Taken together, aldometanib mimics and adopts the lysosomal AMPK activation pathway associated with glucose starvation to exert physiological roles, and might have potential as a therapeutic for metabolic disorders in humans.
Reactive species specific RhB assisted collective photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline antibiotics with triple-layer Aurivillius perovskites
Authors: Malik Jaideep , Kumar Shubham , Mandal Tapas Kumar
Published: October 2022

Triple-layer Aurivillius perovskites degrade tetracycline antibiotic and rhodamine B together in acidic aqueous solution. Primarily the superoxide radical generated via a semiconductor assisted dye sensitization process degrades the tetracycline.
Determination of steroid hormone residues in farmed fish using high-resolution orbital ion trap mass spectrometry
Authors: Pan Xiao-Dong , Han Jian-Long
Published: October 2022

Workflow of 15 steroid hormones analysis in farmed fish by liquid chromatography–orbital ion trap mass spectrometry.
Plasmonic nanogels for naked-eye sensing of food adulterants
Authors: Sharmila S. , Ravi Shankaran D.
Published: October 2022

Cellulose based nanoplasmonic sensors gained immense attention for various applications due to their advantageous physicochemical characteristics such as ease of fabrication, low density, chirality, surface functionalization and disposal.
Smartphone-based digital image colorimetry for determination of iron in cereals and crispy seaweed using Terminalia chebula retz. extract as a natural reagent
Authors: Masawat Prinya , Yenkom Thansanankorn , Sitsirat Chosita , Thongmee Tipparat
Published: October 2022

The workflow schematic of the proposed sample preparation procedure for iron(iii) determination in whole wheat bread, granola, and crispy seaweed samples.
Electric-field-induced coupling of aryl iodides with a nickel(0) complex
Authors: Orchanian Nicholas M. , Guizzo Sophia , Steigerwald Michael L. , Nuckolls Colin , Venkataraman Latha
Published: October 2022

External electric fields can influence the reactivity of organometallic complexes in solution. This effect is demonstrated to induce carbon–carbon bond forming chemistry with a kinetically inert nickel complex at room temperature.
Regioselective synthesis of 3-trifluoromethyl 1,2,4-triazoles via photocycloaddition of sydnone with CF3CN
Authors: Lin Bo , Yao Yunfei , Huang Yangjie , Lin Qi , Weng Zhiqiang
Published: October 2022

A photocycloaddition of sydnone with CF3CN for the regioselective synthesis of 3-trifluoromethyl 1,2,4-triazoles is reported.
I⋯N halogen bonding in 1 : 1 co-crystals formed between 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene and the isomeric n-pyridinealdazines (n = 2, 3 and 4): assessment of supramolecular association and influence upon solid-state photoluminescence properties
Authors: Yeo Chien Ing , Tan Yee Seng , Kwong Huey Chong , Lee Vannajan Sanghiran , Tiekink Edward R. T.
Published: October 2022

1 : 1 co-crystals formed between 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene and each of the three isomeric n-pyridinealdazines (n = 2, 3 and 4), featuring I⋯N halogen bonding contacts within one-dimensional chains, are described.
A combined DFT-predictive and experimental exploration of the sensitivity towards nucleofuge variation in zwitterionic intermediates relating to mechanistic models for unimolecular chemical generation and trapping of free C2 and alternative bimolecular pathways involving no free C2
Authors: Rzepa Henry S. , Arita Miki , Miyamoto Kazunori , Uchiyama Masanobu
Published: October 2022

Unimolecular fragmentation (path 1) of species 2 forming C2 is inferred from a gaseous trapping experiment whereas DFT calculations indicate an alternative bimolecular route (path 2), an experimental/theoretical dichotomy that remains unexplained.
Structure determination and bonding properties of gas-phase OPt2− anion and its neutral form
Authors: Lu Sheng-Jie
Published: October 2022

Anionic OPt2 adopts a Cs symmetric Pt–Pt–O bent structure, while neutral OPt2 has a C2v symmetric OPt2 triangular structure with σ aromaticity and π antiaromaticity.
Modeling atmospheric aging of small-scale wood combustion emissions: distinguishing causal effects from non-causal associations
Authors: Leinonen Ville , Tiitta Petri , Sippula Olli , Czech Hendryk , Leskinen Ari , Isokääntä Sini , Karvanen Juha , Mikkonen Santtu
Published: October 2022

Simplified illustration of the modeling used in this study, see the section 2.2 for details.
Grape seed extract supplementation modulates hepatic lipid metabolism in rats. Implication of PPARβ/δ
Authors: Guisantes-Batan Eduardo , Mazuecos Lorena , Rubio Blanca , Pereira-Caro Gema , Moreno-Rojas José Manuel , Andrés Antonio , Gómez-Alonso Sergio , Gallardo Nilda
Published: October 2022

Grape seed extract supplementationat low doses (25 mg per kg BW per day) modulates the transcriptional programs that controls the hepatic lipid metabolism in lean normolipidemic Wistar rats through PPARβ/δ activation.
Purified recombinant enzymes efficiently hydrolyze conjugated urinary (poly)phenol metabolites
Authors: Lessard-Lord Jacob , Plante Pier-Luc , Desjardins Yves
Published: October 2022

Purified recombinant enzymes are efficient at hydrolyzing microbial (poly)phenol metabolite phase II conjugates, and hence, can be used to accurately quantify them using unconjugated analytical standards.
In situ
87Rb–87Sr analyses of terrestrial and extraterrestrial samples by LA-MC-ICP-MS/MS with double Wien filter and collision cell technologies
Authors: Dauphas Nicolas , Hopp Timo , Craig Grant , Zhang Zhe J. , Valdes Maria C. , Heck Philipp R. , Charlier Bruce L. A. , Bell Elizabeth A. , Harrison T. Mark , Davis Andrew M. , Dussubieux Laure , Williams Patrick R. , Krawczynski Michael J. , Bouman Claudia , Lloyd Nicholas S. , Tollstrup Darren , Schwieters Johannes B.
Published: October 2022

Double-Wien filter-selection-aperture and hexapole-collision-cell technologies coupled to laser ablation multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS/MS) enables in situ analysis of 87Sr variations produced by 87Rb decay.
ACs@ZnO incorporated with a PSF/PU polymer membrane for dye removal
Authors: Kalaivizhi R. , Danagody Balaganesh , Yokesh A.
Published: October 2022

Membranes were made utilizing a straightforward, non-destructive, and environmentally friendly method for the protection of people's health and the environment.
Molecularly imprinted photocatalysts: fabrication, application and challenges
Authors: Luo Yaoyu , Feng Xinrui , Chen Zhiliang , Shen Xiantao
Published: October 2022

Routine fabrication and diverse applications of molecularly imprinted photocatalysts are summarized. Challenges and perspectives of molecularly imprinted photocatalysts are discussed.
Electrodiffusioosmosis induced negative differential resistance in micro-to-millimeter size pores through a graphene/copper membrane
Authors: Yadav Sharad Kumar , Manikandan D. , Singh Chob , Kumar Mukesh , Nandigana Vishal V. R. , Nayak Pramoda K.
Published: October 2022

Membrane surface charge induced electro-osmotic flow (EOF) is key to create negative differential resistance (NDR). Charge polarization induced EOF dominates over diffusio-osmosis, causing the backflow of low concentration/conductivity solution into the pore, causing NDR.
Mesoporous silica films as hard templates for electrodeposition of nanostructured gold
Authors: Nasir Tauqir , Shao Li , Han Yisong , Beanland Richard , Bartlett Philip N. , Hector Andrew L.
Published: October 2022

Mesoporous silica films synthesised by evaporation induced self-assembly and electrochemically assisted self-assembly, both with pores below 10 nm, were used as hard templates for the electrodeposition of Au nanostructures.
Silver-catalyzed synthesis of symmetrical diaryl tellurides from arylboronic acids and tellurium
Authors: Blödorn Gustavo B. , Sacramento Manoela , Sandagorda Eduardo M. A. , Lima Ariana S. , Reis Joel S. , Silva Márcio S. , Alves Diego
Published: October 2022

The synthesis of symmetrical tellurides from different arylboronic acids and elemental tellurium using AgNO3 as a catalyst was performed.
Multifunctional binder 3Mx for improving the cycle stability of rechargeable Li–S batteries
Authors: Wu YuRui , Yang Ming , Zou YaQun , Hou SiYao , Hu BoWen , Wang ShuiMiao , Tao Yong , Yang ChangAn
Published: October 2022

Excellent adhesion properties and strong chemical affinity to polysulfide were achieved with the prepared 3Mx binder.
Photothermal/nitric oxide synergistic anti-tumour therapy based on MOF-derived carbon composite nanoparticles
Authors: Li Tianyu , Sun Jiaxin , Yin Yipengchen , Zhang Qin , Wang Changchun , Wang Sheng
Published: October 2022

A new kind of CNP-NO@RBC photothermal agent integrated with in situ imaging ability was prepared for efficient tumor cell killing based on light-triggered photothermal/gas dual-mode therapy.
A modern look at a medieval bilayer metal leaf: nanotomography of Zwischgold
Authors: Wu Qing , Soppa Karolina , Müller Elisabeth , Müller Julian , Odstrcil Michal , Tsai Esther Hsiao Rho , Späth Andreas , Holler Mirko , Guizar-Sicairos Manuel , Butz Benjamin , Fink Rainer H. , Watts Benjamin
Published: October 2022

Many European sculptures and altarpieces from the Middle Ages were decorated with Zwischgold, a bilayer metal leaf with an ultra-thin gold face backed by silver.
Fate and biological impact of persistent luminescence nanoparticles after injection in mice: a one-year follow-up
Authors: Lécuyer Thomas , Seguin Johanne , Balfourier Alice , Delagrange Marine , Burckel Pierre , Lai-Kuen René , Mignon Virginie , Ducos Bertrand , Tharaud Michael , Saubaméa Bruno , Scherman Daniel , Mignet Nathalie , Gazeau Florence , Richard Cyrille
Published: October 2022

A one-year fellow up of ZGO nanoparticles in vivo: protocol and characterizations.
Progress and perspectives on 1D nanostructured catalysts applied in photo(electro)catalytic reduction of CO2
Authors: Li Chu-fan , Guo Rui-tang , Wu Tong , Pan Wei-guo
Published: October 2022

This review focuses on the research progress in 1D nanostructured catalysts applied in photo(electro)catalytic CO2 RR.
Nano-optical imaging of exciton–plasmon polaritons in WSe2/Au heterostructures
Authors: B. Iyer Raghunandan , Luan Yilong , Shinar Ruth , Shinar Joseph , Fei Zhe
Published: October 2022

We maped in real space the propagative exciton–plasmon polaritons in WSe2/Au heterostructures. These polaritons are formed due to the strong coupling between excitons in WSe2 and surface plasmon polaritons on Au.
Yolk–shell-type CaO-based sorbents for CO2capture: assessing the role of nanostructuring for the stabilization of the cyclic CO2uptake
Authors: Krödel Maximilian , Oing Alexander , Negele Jan , Landuyt Annelies , Kierzkowska Agnieszka , Bork Alexander H. , Donat Felix , Müller Christoph R.
Published: October 2022

Yolk(CaO)–shell(ZrO2)-structured sorbents yield superior materials for high-temperature CO2capture by mitigating deactivationviasintering and mixed phase (CaZrO3) formation.
Rationally designing a Ti3C2Tx/CNTs-Co9S8 heterostructure as a sulfur host with multi-functionality for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Xiao Tuo , Zhang Youfang , Xi Wen , Wang Rui , Gong Yansheng , He Beibei , Wang Huanwen , Jin Jun
Published: October 2022

A 3D porous Ti3C2Tx/CNTs-Co9S8 heterostructure has been rationally constructed and utilized as a S host for Li–S batteries. Ti3C2Tx and CNTs can improve the conductivity and physically/chemically adsorb polysulfides, while Co9S8 nanoparticles can catalyze the conversion of polysulfides to Li2S, leading to high capacity, excellent rate capability, and good cyclic stability.
N-Hydroxyethyl acrylamide as a functional eROP initiator for the preparation of nanoparticles under “greener” reaction conditions
Authors: Lentz Joachim C. , Cavanagh Robert , Moloney Cara , Falcone Pin Bruno , Kortsen Kristoffer , Fowler Harriet R. , Jacob Philippa L. , Krumins Eduards , Clark Charlotte , Machado Fabricio , Breitkreuz Nicholas , Cale Ben , Goddard Amy R. , Hirst Jonathan D. , Taresco Vincenzo , Howdle Steven M.
Published: October 2022

N-Hydroxyethyl acrylamide was used as a functional initiator to produce hybrid macromonomers via the enzymatic ring-opening polymerisation of ε-caprolactone and δ-valerolactone.
UiO-66-based metal–organic framework for dispersive solid-phase extraction of vanillylmandelic acid from urine before analysis by capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Hassanpour-Sabet Roghayeh , Seyfinejad Behruoz , Marzi Khosrowshahi Elnaz , Nemati Mahboob , Afshar Mogaddam Mohammad Reza , Jouyban Abolghasem
Published: October 2022

Dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE) was developed for the extraction of vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) in urine samples prior to capillary electrophoresis with diode array detection (CE-DAD).
Fabrication of an anion exchange membrane with textured structure for enhanced performance of direct borohydride fuel cells
Authors: Wei Jinyang , Han Xubin , Li Xingxing , Qin Haiying , Yin Haoyong , Zhang Wen , Ni Hualiang , Wang Xue
Published: October 2022

A textured membrane is simply prepared with a rough glass plate, and the improved cell performance benefits from the increased three-phase boundary.
Cathode diffusion layer and current collector with slotted foam stainless steel for a micro direct methanol fuel cell
Authors: Zhao Zhengang , Wang Ziten , Li Kang , Zhang Dacheng
Published: October 2022

To reduce the contact and mass transfer impedance of a micro direct methanol fuel cell, a novel membrane electrode assembly structure is designed by using slotted foam stainless steel for both the cathode diffusion layer and the current collector.
The influence of ambient cure chemistry and stoichiometry on epoxy coating surfaces
Authors: Bannister Callum , Guy Alan , Mihaylova Ralitsa , Orgill Joseph , Burg Stephanie L. , Parnell Andrew , Thompson Richard L.
Published: October 2022

The hydrophilicity of epoxy resin coatings is most sensitive to humidity and induction time. Stoichiometry (amine content) has some effect on surface and strongly influences bulk Tg/void volume along with cure temperature.
PIFA-mediated selenylative spirocyclization of indolyl ynones: facile access to selenated spiro[cyclopentenone-1,3′-indoles]
Authors: Chen Zhichao , Li Jingjing , Weng Wenting , Xie Xiaolan , Lei Jian
Published: October 2022

A fast selenylative spirocyclization of indolyl ynones mediated by PIFA has been developed. This transformation was enabled by the reactive RSeOCOCF3 species generated in situ from diselenides with PIFA, involving an electrophilic dearomative cascade cyclization.
Formation and evolution of C–C, C–O, CO and C–N bonds in chemical reactions of prebiotic interest
Authors: Arias Alejandro , Gómez Sara , Rojas-Valencia Natalia , Núñez-Zarur Francisco , Cappelli Chiara , Murillo-López Juliana A. , Restrepo Albeiro
Published: October 2022

A series of prebiotic chemical reactions yielding the precursor building blocks of amino acids, proteins and carbohydrates, starting solely from HCN and water is studied here.
Optical detection of pH changes in artificial sweat using near-infrared fluorescent nanomaterials
Authors: Sultana Nigar , Dewey Hannah , Budhathoki-Uprety Januka
Published: October 2022

Photoluminescent single-walled carbon nanotubes are versatile tools for the development of optical nanosensors. Carbon nanotubes were employed for the optical detection of pH within a biologically relevant range in a model biofluid.
Tunable shape memory properties of highly stretchable poly(ester urea) random copolymers based on α-amino acids
Authors: Wu Fangyun , Zhang Wei , Du Yanqiu , Cheng Fengmei , Li Haidong
Published: October 2022

This manuscript demonstrates the close relationships between the composition and the shape memory properties of poly(ester urea) random copolymers.
Size effect of liposomes on centimeter-deep ultrasound-switchable fluorescence imaging and ultrasound-controlled release
Authors: Liu Yang , Yao Tingfeng , Ren Liqin , Yuan Baohong
Published: October 2022

This study achieved ultrasound switchable fluorescence imaging and ultrasound assisted release in vitro with ICG encapsulated liposomes. The size impact on USF imaging and release was studied and provided support for future in vivo applications.
Reducing the cyan-cavity: Lu2MAl4SiO12:Ce3+ (M = Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba) phosphor-in-glass film towards full-spectrum laser-driven lighting
Authors: Wang Pengfei , Lin Hang , Lin Shisheng , Sui Ping , Xu Ju , Cheng Yao , Wang Yuansheng
Published: October 2022

A comparative study was performed on LMAS:Ce3+ (M = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) phosphor-in-glass films to reveal the key influencing factors that determine the different luminescence saturation behaviors of laser phosphors.
Self‐supervised image clustering from multiple incomplete views via constrastive complementary generation
Authors: Wang Jiatai , Xu Zhiwei , Yang Xuewen , Guo Dongjin , Liu Limin
Published: October 2022

Incomplete Multi‐View Clustering aims to enhance clustering performance by using data from multiple modalities. Despite the fact that several approaches for studying this issue have been proposed, the following drawbacks still persist: (1) It is difficult to learn latent representations that account for complementarity yet consistency without using label information; (2) and thus fails to take full advantage of the hidden information in incomplete data results in suboptimal clustering performance when complete data is scarce. In this study, Contrastive Incomplete Multi‐View Image Clustering with Generative Adversarial Networks (CIMIC‐GAN), which uses Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) to fill in incomplete data and uses double contrastive learning to learn consistency on complete and incomplete data is proposed. More specifically, considering diversity and complementary information among multiple modalities, we incorporate autoencoding representation of complete and incomplete data into double contrastive learning to achieve learning consistency. Integrating GANs into the autoencoding process can not only take full advantage of new features of incomplete data, but also better generalise the model in the presence of high data missing rates. Experiments conducted on four extensively used data sets show that CIMIC‐GAN outperforms state‐of‐the‐art incomplete multi‐View clustering methods.
Real‐time active power dispatch of virtual power plant based on distributed model predictive control
Authors: Feng Shuai , Yang Dongsheng , Zhou Bowen , Luo Yanhong , Li Guangdi
Published: October 2022

With the increasing penetration of renewable energy, virtual power plants (VPP) reduce the impact on the power grid by integrating massive distributed resources for unified management. However, the optimal scheduling of a large number of distributed resources in VPP has become a new problem in recent years. Therefore, aiming at the real‐time optimal scheduling problem in the optimal scheduling of virtual power plant, this letter regards the virtual power plant as a multi‐agent system and proposes a novel real‐time active power dispatch scheme of virtual power plant based on distributed model predictive control (DMPC), so that each agent can not only calculate its own optimization function relatively independently, but also fully refer to the neighbour information. Simulation results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Design and fabrication of thin film inductors using closed laminated core for 20‐MHz DC–DC converters
Authors: Wang Ningning , Jin Qiao , Feeney Ciaran , Liu Lei , Zhang Zhengmin , Ye Tincong
Published: October 2022

This letter presents a feasible and cost‐effective approach to realize closed laminated core, which is used to realize on silicon integrated thin film inductors. The closed laminated core is fabricated by electroplating magnetic layers with an oxide insulation layer sputtered in‐between. This is compatible with the back end of line (BEOL) processes. The prototype of the thin film inductor with closed laminated core shows less degradation of AC inductance and smaller AC resistance at high frequencies than the variant with a solid core. Furthermore, it is tested in a 20‐MHz DC–DC converter. The peak efficiency of 80% was achieved.
Coarse trimap expansion based on one‐class classification for image matting
Authors: Liang Yihui , Zhu Yongjun , Deng Chunjian , Feng Fujian , Cai Zhaoquan
Published: October 2022

Trimap is required for most image matting algorithms, as it provides partial regions with known opacity. As capturing elaborate trimaps is a time‐consuming process, in practice, users prefer to provide coarse trimaps with large unknown regions. However, extant image matting algorithms cannot provide high‐quality alpha mattes based on coarse trimaps. Although some matting algorithms include trimap expansion in the pre‐processing stage, if this is done by directly comparing the similarity of image features between pixels, errors and omissions can easily occur. To overcome this issue, in this paper, a coarse trimap expansion model based on one‐class classification is presented, in which the problem is treated as a process of reclassifying pixels in unknown regions. For this purpose, a coarse trimap expansion method denoted as CTE‐OC is proposed, in which the similarity between pixels is reliably determined by measuring semantic features, allowing newly developed one‐class classifiers to adequately classify pixels in entire unknown regions. The validity of these strategies is tested experimentally, and the results show that CTE‐OC can significantly improve the quality of alpha mattes obtained by extant image matting methods when provided with coarse trimaps.
A lensed protocluster candidate at z = 7.66 identified in JWST observations of the galaxy cluster SMACS0723−7327
Authors: Laporte N. , Zitrin A. , Dole H. , Roberts-Borsani G. , Furtak L. J. , Witten C.
Published: October 2022

Context. According to the current paradigm of galaxy formation, the first galaxies likely formed within large dark matter haloes. The fragmentation of these massive haloes led to the formation of galaxy protoclusters, which are usually composed of one to a few bright objects, surrounded by numerous fainter (and less massive) galaxies. These early structures could have played a major role in reionising the neutral hydrogen within the first billion years of the Universe, especially if their number density is significant.

Aims. Taking advantage of the unprecedented sensitivity reached by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), galaxy protoclusters can now be identified and studied in increasing numbers beyond z ≥ 6. Characterising their contribution to the UV photon budget could supply new insights into the reionisation process.

Methods. We analysed the first JWST dataset behind SMACS0723−7327 to search for protoclusters at z ≥ 6, combining the available spectroscopic and photometric data. We then compared our findings with semi-analytical models and simulations.

Results. In addition to two bright galaxies (≤26.5 AB in F277W), separated by ∼11″and spectroscopically confirmed at zspec = 7.66, we identify six additional galaxies with similar colours within a θ ∼ 20″ radius (corresponding to R ∼ 60 − 90 kpc in the source plane). Using several methods, we estimate the mass of the dark matter halo of this protocluster as ∼3.3  ×  1011 M⊙, accounting for magnification, consistent with various predictions. The physical properties of all protocluster members are also in excellent agreement with what has been previously found at lower redshifts: star formation main sequence and protocluster size. This detection adds to just a few protoclusters currently known in the first billion years of the universe. These z ≥ 7 galaxy protoclusters may play an important role in cosmic reionisation.
Predictive and Prognostic Value of Plasma Zonulin for Gestational
Diabetes Mellitus in Women at 24–28 Weeks of Gestation
Authors: Yilmaz Zehra , Oral Serkan , Yurtcu Nazan , Akpak Yasam Kemal , Celik Sebahattin , Caliskan Canan
Published: October 2022

Objective We aimed to examine the predictive and prognostic value of
plasma zonulin for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women at 24–28
weeks of gestation.

Methods This retrospective study was carried out with pregnant women with
GDM (n=98) and normal glucose tolerance (control group) (n=132).
GDM was diagnosed according to American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria with
a one-step 75-g OGTT at 24–28 gestational weeks. Their serum zonulin
levels measured during one-step 75-g OGTT and perinatal outcomes were compared,
and the cut-off value of plasma zonulin for the prediction of GDM was calculated
with receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results Plasma zonulin level was significantly higher in women with GDM
compared to controls (28.8±24.9 and
7.3±11.3 ng/mL, respectively). According to logistic
regression analysis, plasma zonulin levels and GDM were statistically
significant. The plasma zonulin cut-off value
was>45.2 ng/mL. The rate of cesarean section, the rate
of meconium in the amniotic fluid, and the need for admission to the neonatal
intensive care unit significantly differed between women with GDM and
controls.

Conclusion In pregnant women with GDM, plasma zonulin increases, and with
the cut-off level of>45.2 ng/mL, it can predict GDM with
values of sensitivity and specificity levels significantly higher in pregnant
women with GDM, suggesting that it can be used as a tool for its screening and
early diagnosis.
The Effect of Psychological Intervention on the Visual Quality of Patients with a Diffractive Multifocal Intraocular Lens Implant
Authors: Wang Yan-Xi , Kang Gang-Jin , Zhou Juan , Chen Ying , Peng Zheng-Hong
Published: October 2022

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of psychological intervention on the visual quality of patients with a diffractive multifocal intraocular lens implant and its
possible mechanism.

Methods Eighty-nine patients undergoing age-related cataract surgery were enrolled in the study at the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University between December 2015 and
July 2017. They were randomly divided into two groups: multiple focus M1 group (n = 45) and multiple focus M2 group (n = 40). The M1 group was only given routine preoperative health
education, treatment, and evaluation, while the M2 group also received psychological intervention.

Results After treatment, there was no statistical difference in the uncorrected distance and near visual acuity, corrected distance and near visual acuity, or the vision and near
removal rate in either of the two groups (p > 0.05). However, postoperative glare was lower in the M2 group (p < 0.05), and patient satisfaction was higher in the M2 group
(p < 0.05). The M2 group had a more obvious improvement in the Symptom Checklist-90 score (p < 0.05), the serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) was lower, and the serum brain-derived neurotrophic
factor (BDNF) was higher in the M2 group (p < 0.05). In addition, serum IL-6 had a negative correlation with the depression score, and serum BDNF also showed a negative correlation with
the anxiety score (p < 0.05).

Conclusions Psychological intervention improved the stress state of patients with age-related cataracts and diffractive multifocal intraocular lens implants, reduced the level of
inflammatory factors in the body, improved the level of BDNF, reduced postoperative visual interference, and improved postoperative satisfaction.
Prevention of Neurologic Disease with Fasting
Authors: Macri Elizabeth , Azhar Yusra
Published: October 2022

Fasting has been widely studied in both prevention and treatment of many neurologic disorders. Some conditions may be prevented with any type of fasting, while some may require a stricter regimen. Fasting reduces weight, fasting blood glucose, and insulin resistance, and favorably alters the gut biome and the immune system. This article discusses various versions of fasting that have been studied as well as the known and theoretical mechanisms of how fasting effects the body and the brain. This article will then review evidence supporting the potential preventive and treatment effects of fasting in specific neurologic disorders including ameliorating the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, improving cognition in Alzheimer's disease, reducing migraine frequency and intensity, and reducing seizure frequency in epilepsy.
Remote Microphone Systems for Cochlear Implant Recipients in Small Group Settings
Authors: Miller Sharon , Wolfe Jace , Neumann Sara , Schafer Erin C. , Galster Jason , Agrawal Smita
Published: October 2022

Abstract Purpose Cochlear implant (CI) recipients often experience speech recognition difficulty in noise in small group settings with multiple talkers. In traditional remote microphones systems, one talker wears a remote microphone that wirelessly delivers speech
to the CI processor. This system will not transmit signals from multiple talkers in a small group. However, remote microphone systems with multiple microphones allowing for adaptive beamforming may be beneficial for small group situations with multiple talkers. Specifically, a remote microphone
with an adaptive multiple-microphone beamformer may be placed in the center of the small group, and the beam (i.e., polar lobe) may be automatically steered toward the direction associated with the most favorable speech-to-noise ratio. The signal from the remote microphone can then be wirelessly
delivered to the CI sound processor. Alternately, each of the talkers in a small group may use a remote microphone that is part of a multi-talker network that wirelessly delivers the remote microphone signal to the CI sound processor. The purpose of this study was to compare the potential
benefit of an adaptive multiple-microphone beamformer remote microphone system and a multi-talker network remote microphone system. Method Twenty recipients, ages 12 to 84 years, with Advanced Bionics CIs completed sentence-recognition-in-noise tasks while seated at a desk
surrounded by three loudspeakers at 0, 90, and 270 degrees. These speakers randomly presented the target speech while competing noise was presented from four loudspeakers located in the corners of the room. Testing was completed in three conditions: 1) CI alone, 2) Remote microphone
system with an adaptive multiple-microphone beamformer, and 3) and a multi-talker network remote microphone system each with five different signal levels (15 total conditions). Results Significant differences were found across all signal levels and technology conditions. Relative
to the CI alone, sentence recognition improvements ranged from 14‐23 percentage points with the adaptive multiple-microphone beamformer and 27‐47 percentage points with the multi-talker network with superior performance for the latter remote microphone system. Conclusions Both
remote microphone systems significantly improved speech recognition in noise of CI recipients when listening in small group settings, but the multi-talker network provided superior performance.
Robson's Ten Group Classification System to Evaluate Cesarean Section Rates in Honduras: The Relevance of Labor Induction
Authors: Paz Lester David Castro , Banegas Rigoberto Castro , Luz Adriana Gomes , Costa Maria Laura
Published: October 2022

Objective To use the Robson Ten Group Classification (RTGC) to analyze cesarean section (CS) rates in a Honduran maternity hospital, with focus in groups that consider induction of labor.

Methods Cross-sectional study. Women admitted for childbirth (August 2017 to October 2018) were classified according to the RTGC. The CS rate for each group and the contribution to the overall CS rate was calculated, with further analyses of the induction of labor among term primiparous (group 2a), term multiparous (group 4a), and cases with one previous CS (group 5.1).

Results A total of 4,356 women were considered, with an overall CS rate of 26.1%. Group 3 was the largest group, with 38.6% (1,682/4,356) of the cases, followed by Group 1, with 30.8% (1,342/4,356), and Group 5, with 10.3% (450/4,356). Considering the contribution to overall CS rates per group, Group 5 contributed with 30.4% (345/1,136) of the CSs and within this group, 286/345 (82.9%) had 1 previous CS, with a CS rate > 70%. Groups 1 and 3, with 26.6% (291/1,136) and 13.5% (153/1,136), respectively, were the second and third larger contributors to the CS rate. Groups 2a and 4a had high induction success, with low CS rates (18.4 and 16.9%, respectively).

Conclusion The RTGC is a useful tool to assess CS rates in different healthcare facilities. Groups 5, 1, and 3 were the main contributors to the CS rate, and groups 2 and 4 showed the impact and importance of induction of labor. These findings may support future interventions to reduce unnecessary CS, especially among primiparous and in women with previous CS.
Detection of Novel gyrB Mutation in Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Salmonella and Escherichia coli using PCR-RFLP
Authors: Tony Liz Therese , Rohit Anusha , Aditya Vankadari , Kotian Akshatha , Karunasagar Indrani , Deekshit Vijaya Kumar
Published: October 2022

Background Emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance in gut pathogens is a cause of concern. Resistant to quinolone is mainly due to the point mutations at the quinolone-resistance determining regions (QRDR). The aim of the study was to develop polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay (PCR-RFLP) to detect QRDR mutations in gyrA and gyrB regions in enteric pathogens.

Methodology PCR-RFLP was done for gyrA 83 region using HinfI and for gyrB 447 using AcuI for fluoroquinolone resistant and susceptible gut pathogens. The products were also sequenced to confirm the presence of restriction sites.

Results In this study, a PCR-RFLP technique was developed to detect gyrA 83 mutations in Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli. A first of its kind PCR-RFLP was also developed to detect gyrB 447 mutation using a restriction enzyme AcuI. Restriction digestion of gyrA using HinfI resulted in three bands for resistant S. typhi isolates due to the presence of mutation at gyrA 83 and four bands were seen for sensitive S. typhi isolates, while two bands for resistant and three bands were seen in sensitive E. coli isolates. Similarly, restriction digestion of gyrB using AcuI resulted in no digestion for resistant S. typhi isolates and two bands for resistant E. coli isolates. This suggest that there is mutation at gyrB 447 region ofE. coli, while no mutation was found in S. typhi isolates.

Conclusion The PCR-RFLP developed in the present study could successfully detect gyrA 83 and gyrB 447 mutations in fluoroquinolone-resistant S. typhi and E. coli. The technique can be efficiently used in epidemiological studies instead of a cost-intensive sequencing method to detect the status of multiple point mutations in gut pathogens.
Rapid-Deployment Aortic Valve Replacement in a Real-World All-Comers Population
Authors: Yun Taeyoung , Kim Kyung Hwan , Sohn Suk Ho , Kang Yoonjin , Kim Ji Seong , Choi Jae Woong
Published: October 2022

Background This study was conducted to evaluate the mid-term outcomes of rapid-deployment aortic valve replacement (AVR) using Edwards Intuity.

Methods A total of 215 patients underwent rapid-deployment AVR using Edwards Intuity at our institution. The median follow-up duration was 22 months (interquartile range, 8–36). Primary outcomes were overall survival, cumulative incidence of cardiac death, and major adverse cardiac events. Secondary outcomes were early and 1-year hemodynamic performances of the bioprosthetic valve.

Results The mean age was 68.6 ± 10.5 years, and EuroSCORE II was 3.09 ± 4.5. The study population included 113 patients (52.6%) with bicuspid valves (24 patients with type 0 bicuspid valves), 20 patients (9.3%) with pure aortic regurgitation, and 3 patients (1.4%) with infective endocarditis. Isolated AVR was performed in 70 patients (32.4%) and concomitant procedures were performed in 146 patients (67.6%), including aorta surgery (42.3%) and mitral valve procedure (22.3%). Operative mortality was 2.8%. Complete atrioventricular block occurred in 12 patients, but most of them were transient and only 3 patients received permanent pacemaker implantation before discharge. Overall survival at 3 years was 92.3%. Early hemodynamic data showed mean pressure gradients of 15.5 ± 5.0 and 12.7 ± 4.2 mm Hg in the 19 and 21 mm valve, respectively. One-year hemodynamics were also excellent with mean pressure gradients of 14.7 ± 5.3 and 10.7 ± 3.6 mm Hg in the 19 and 21 mm valve, respectively.

Conclusion Based on a real-world all-comers population, rapid-deployment AVR using Edwards Intuity could be performed for various indications, including bicuspid valve, pure aortic regurgitation, and infective endocarditis, and the clinical and hemodynamic outcomes were excellent.
Health Care Disparities in Transsphenoidal Surgery for Pituitary Tumors: An Experience from Neighboring Urban Public and Private Hospitals
Authors: Gordon Alex J. , Dastagirzada Yosef , Schlacter Jamie , Mehta Sonal , Agrawal Nidhi , Golfinos John G. , Lebowitz Richard , Pacione Donato , Lieberman Seth
Published: October 2022

Objectives Few studies have assessed the role of socioeconomic health care disparities in skull base pathologies. We compared the clinical history and outcomes of pituitary tumors at private and public hospitals to delineate whether health care disparities exist in pituitary tumor surgery.

Methods We reviewed the records of patients who underwent transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection at NYU Langone Health and Bellevue Hospital. Seventy-two consecutive patients were identified from each hospital. The primary outcome was time-to-surgery from initial recommendation. Secondary outcomes included postoperative diabetes insipidus, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, and gross total resection.

Results Of 144 patients, 23 (32%) public hospital patients and 24 (33%) private hospital patients had functional adenomas (p = 0.29). Mean ages for public and private hospital patients were 46.5 and 51.1 years, respectively (p = 0.06). Private hospital patients more often identified as white (p < 0.001), spoke English (p < 0.001), and had private insurance (p < 0.001). The average time-to-surgery for public and private hospital patients were 46.2 and 34.8 days, respectively (p = 0.39). No statistically significant differences were found in symptom duration, tumor size, reoperation, CSF leak, or postoperative length of stay; however, public hospital patients more frequently required emergency surgery (p = 0.03), developed transient diabetes insipidus (p = 0.02), and underwent subtotal resection (p = 0.04).

Conclusion Significant socioeconomic differences exist among patients undergoing pituitary surgery at our institution's hospitals. Public hospital patients more often required emergency surgery, developed diabetes insipidus, and underwent subtotal tumor resection. Identifying these differences is an imperative initial step in improving the care of our patients.
Vergabeverfahren: Kein pauschales Veto gegen US-Cloud-Dienste
Authors: Doelfs Guntram
Published: October 2022

Bei öffentlichen Vergabeverfahren im Gesundheitswesen dürfen weiter Tochtergesellschaften von US-Cloud-Anbietern genutzt werden. Das hat das Oberlandesgericht Karlsruhe klargestellt. Ein vorangegangenes pauschales Verbot der Vergabekammer Baden-Württemberg gegen die Nutzung von US-Anbietern wurde damit verworfen.
Klimamanager: Klimaschutz mit viel Herzblut
Authors: Hohnstein Aileen
Published: October 2022

Patienten sicher zu versorgen hat für Ina Scheuner die höchste Priorität, da ist sie ganz Hygienefachkraft. Aber wie ist es möglich, dabei so nachhaltig und klimaschonend wie möglich zu sein? Das fragt sie sich als Klimamanagerin in der Elbland Rehabilitationsklinik Großenhain und hat schon erste Projekte erfolgreich an den Start gebracht.
Cybersicherheit: Schulung nach Jobprofil
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: October 2022

Ein interdisziplinäres Team aus den Bereichen Informationssicherheit, Wirtschaftspädagogik und Interorganisationale Informationssysteme entwickelt im Projekt KISK ein Cybersicherheitstraining, das auf den einzelnen Krankenhausmitarbeiter zugeschnitten ist. Dr. Kristin Masuch von der Universität Göttingen erläutert die Hintergründe
Exchange rate response to economic policy uncertainty: evidence beyond asymmetry
Authors: Chang Bisharat Hussain , Derindag Omer Faruk , Hacievliyagil Nuri , Canakci Mehmet
Published: October 2022

Recent studies have examined the relationship between economic policy uncertainty and exchange rate. We contribute to this literature by considering the effect of minor positive and major positive changes as well as minor negative and major negative changes in the economic policy uncertainties on the exchange rates. In this regard, we use a recently developed multiple asymmetric threshold nonlinear ARDL model along with Granger causality in quantile test. Our estimates support the asymmetric effect in three countries only when an asymmetric ARDL model is used. However, these estimates support asymmetric effects for all the sample countries when the multiple asymmetric threshold nonlinear ARDL model is used. Moreover, the effect varies across various quantiles when Granger causality in quantile test is used. Overall, the extended model helps us to examine more minutely the impact of EPU and GEPU on the exchange rate in G7 countries. The results of this study can be useful for the central banks to devise appropriate policies to intervene in the foreign exchange market.
A random batch Ewald method for charged particles in the isothermal–isobaric ensemble
Authors: Liang Jiuyang , Tan Pan , Hong Liang , Jin Shi , Xu Zhenli , Li Lei
Published: October 2022

We develop an accurate, highly efficient, and scalable random batch Ewald (RBE) method to conduct molecular dynamics simulations in the isothermal–isobaric ensemble (the NPT ensemble) for charged particles in a periodic box. After discretizing the Langevin equations of motion derived using suitable Lagrangians, the RBE method builds the mini-batch strategy into the Fourier space in the Ewald summation for the pressure and forces such that the computational cost is reduced to O(N) per time step. We implement the method in the Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator package and report accurate simulation results for both dynamical quantities and statistics for equilibrium for typical systems including all-atom bulk water and a semi-isotropic membrane system. Numerical simulations on massive supercomputing cluster are also performed to show promising central processing unit efficiency of the RBE.