bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Homogenization of piezoelectric planar Willis materials undergoing antiplane shear
Authors: Muhafra Alan , Kosta Majd , Martí Daniel Torrent , Salomón René Pernas , Shmuel Gal
Published: February 2021

Homogenization theories provide models that simplify the constitutive relations of heterogeneous media while retaining their macroscopic features. These theories have shown how the governing fields can be macroscopically coupled, even if they are microscopically independent. A prominent example is the Willis theory which predicted the strain-momentum coupling in elastodynamic metamaterials. Recently, a theory that is based on the Green’s function method predicted analogous electro-momentum coupling in piezoelectric metamaterials. Here, we develop a simpler scheme for fibrous piezoelectric composites undergoing antiplane shear waves. We employ a source- driven approach that delivers a unique set of effective properties for arbitrary frequency-wavevector pairs. We numerically show how the resultant homogenized model recovers exactly the dispersion of free waves in the composite. We also compute the effective properties in the long-wavelength limit and off the dispersion curves, and show that the resultant model satisfy causality, reciprocity and energy conservation. By contrast, we show how equivalent models that neglect the electromomentum coupling violate these physical laws.
Distributed Computing for Genetic Approximation Algorithms for the Kissing Problem (n-dimensions)
Authors: Kamal Andrew
Published: February 2021

Utilizing distributed computing for genetic optimization algorithms with n-dimensions and kissing numbers in their approximation, helps offload data and increase efficiency in approximation. In order to demonstrate this, we shall utilize mathematical proofs centered around N-dimensional vectors and arrays, as well as exponential dimensional analysis. Utilizing these proofs in optimization algorithms can have processed data offloaded through a shared network of computers running simultaneous multi-threaded computational processes. One can build a computational model based off of mathematical constraints viewed as higher dimensional complexity. Formulating such proofs is based off of degree of certainty versus uncertainty in the approximation, and which processing task should be optimized in order to yield the best result.
Person-Situation Dynamics in Educational Contexts: A Self- and Other-Rated Experience Sampling Study of Teachers’ States, Traits, and Situations
Authors: Abrahams Loes , Rauthmann John F. , De Fruyt Filip
Published: February 2021

The situations people find themselves in and how they experience them is fundamental to a host of life and work outcomes. However, most research has so far only relied on self-reports and is thus not able to disentangle different situation components. The present study therefore examined the dynamics between self- and other-rated situation characteristics, personality traits, and personality states in an educational setting. One hundred and seventy-three student teachers (n = 2,244–2,261 observations) and 94 supervisors (n = 1,110–1,122 observations) participated in a 13- or 14-day experience sampling study during student teachers’ internships and rated situations and teachers’ personality states twice daily. Answering three research questions yielded that 1) self-rated traits were mostly not associated with self- or supervisor-rated situation characteristics; 2) self- and supervisor-rated situation characteristics predicted self- and supervisor-rated personality state expressions (although effects were largest for same-rater associations); and 3) there were no interaction effects of traits and situation characteristics on personality state expressions. These results have important theoretical and applied implications as they advance our understanding of person-situation dynamics in an applied setting and suggest that associations between situations and personality states are not solely attributable to common rater effects.
A unifying framework for understanding neural signals of post-decisional performance monitoring
Authors: Desender Kobe , Ridderinkhof K. Richard , Murphy Peter
Published: February 2021

Performance monitoring is a key cognitive function, allowing to detect mistakes and adapt future behaviour. Post-decisional neural signals have been identified that are sensitive to decision accuracy, decision confidence and subsequent adaptation. Here, we review recent work that supports an understanding of late error/confidence signals in terms of the computational process of post-decisional evidence accumulation. We argue that the error positivity, a positive-going centro-parietal potential measured through scalp electrophysiology, reflects the post-decisional evidence accumulation process itself, which follows a boundary crossing event corresponding to initial decision commitment. This proposal provides a powerful explanation for both the morphological characteristics of the signal and its relation to various expressions of performance monitoring. Moreover, it suggests that the error positivity –a signal with thus far unique properties in cognitive neuroscience – can be leveraged to furnish key new insights into the inputs to, adaptation, and sequelae of the post-decisional accumulation process.
And Like That, They were Gone: A Failure to Remember Recently Attended Unique Faces
Authors: Tam Joyce , Mugno Michael , O'Donnell Ryan Edward , Wyble Brad
Published: February 2021

Attribute amnesia (AA) is a phenomenon in which participants are unable to answer an unexpected question about an attended attribute of the most recent target stimulus. Similarly, eyewitness identification is a real-life example of a memory test that is unexpected at the time of seeing an alleged perpetrator. We are thus interested in whether AA is generalizable to novel face identification, a finding that would help us understand the source of memory failures in eyewitness identification and a variety of real-world situations. We found that when participants were unexpectedly asked to identify a face, performance was poor, even though they had just attended to that face seconds ago. This finding shows that unexpected face identification is inaccurate even when the face had just been attended to and suffered minimal decay and interference, implying that some failures of eyewitness identification were already inevitable just after the crime had been witnessed.
Inference about Absence as a Window into the Mental Self-Model
Authors: Mazor Matan
Published: February 2021

To represent something as absent, one must know that they would have known if it was present. This form of counterfactual reasoning critically relies on a mental self-model: a simplified schema of one’s own cognition, which specifies expected perceptual and cognitive states under different world states and affords better monitoring and control over cognitive resources. Here I propose to use inference about absence as a unique window into the structure and function of the mental self-model. In contrast to commonly used paradigms, using inference about absence bypasses the need for explicit metacognitive reports. I draw on findings from low-level perception, spatial attention, and episodic memory, in support of the idea that self knowledge is a computational bottleneck for efficient inference about absence, making inference about absence a cross-cutting framework for probing key features of the mental self-model that are not accessible for introspection.
Liberalism, rationality, and Pareto optimality
Authors: Heap Shaun Hargreaves , Ismail Mehmet
Published: February 2021

Rational players in game theory are neoliberal in the sense that they can choose any available action so as to maximize their payoffs. It is well known that this can result in Pareto inferior outcomes (e.g. the Prisoner's Dilemma). Classical liberalism, in contrast, argues that people should be constrained by a no-harm principle (NHP) when they act. We show, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, that rational players constrained by the NHP will produce Pareto efficient outcomes in n-person non-cooperative games. We also show that both rationality and the NHP are required for this result.
Strategic Behavior and Market Design in Regional Climate Policy
Authors: Tarufelli Brittany L.
Published: February 2021

U.S. electricity markets vary by region and imperfectly overlap with regional climate policies. Although emissions leakage across emissions-regulated and -unregulated areas may depend on regional market design, and the extent of trading between market designs, previous studies of leakage from regional climate policies have focused on market power and market efficiency within only a centralized region following market rules. I develop a theoretical model which considers a second-best problem where a climate policy to correct for a negative externality from carbon emissions can be distorted by another market failure from the market design itself. My model allows for several types of non-overlapping climate policies and electricity market designs, and generates leakage predictions for these combinations.
Archaeology and ethnography demonstrate a human origin for Amazonian Dark Earths
Authors: Schmidt Morgan , Arroyo-Kalin Manuel , Lima Helena P. , de Paula Moraes Claide , Neves Eduardo G. , Texeira Wenceslau , Heckenberger Michael , Madella Marco , Maezumi S. Yoshi , Riris Philip , Shock Myrtle P. , Watling Jennifer , Caromano Caroline Fernandes , Moraes Bruno , Prestes-Carneiro Gabriela , Bassi Filippo Stampanoni , Cavallini Marta Sara , Valle Raoni , Alho Carlos Francisco Brazão Vieira , Almeida Fernando , Barbosa Carlos Augusto Palheta , Brown George , Cascon Leandro Matthews , Clement Charles R , Cunha Luis , Denevan William M , Fausto Carlos , AIRES JOÃO , Franchetto Bruna , Hecht Susanna , Honorato Vinicius , Junqueira Andre Braga , Kater Thiago , Kuyper Thomas W , Lima Márjorie , Lombardo Umberto , Macedo Rodrigo Santana , Machado Juliana Salles , Magalhães Marcos , Mayle Francis E , McKey Doyle , Pugliese Francisco , Pupim Fabiano , Py-Daniel Anne Rapp , Raczka Marco F , Rocha Bruna , Rostain Stéphen , Tamanaha Eduardo Kazuo , Trindade Thiago
Published: February 2021

Archaeological research provides clear evidence that the widespread formation of Amazonian Dark Earths (ADEs) in tropical lowland South America was concentrated in the Late Holocene, an outcome of sharp demographic growth that peaked towards 1000 BP. In their recent paper, however, Silva et al. propose that the high fertility of ADE is not of anthropic origin but instead the result of alluvial deposition starting in the Middle Holocene (8200-4200 cal BP). In order to support this argument, they marshal data and observations from a single expanse of ADE, the archaeological site of Caldeirão, and disregard or misread other studies of ADEs in the Central Amazon region. Silva et al.'s claim, an epilogue to ‘geogenic’ models laid to rest over 40 years ago, also dismisses research showing how long-term anthropic soil enrichment occurs as a result of daily practices at contemporary indigenous settlements. Here we critically review Silva et al.’s analysis and affirm that, like most ADEs, Caldeirão has anthropic soil horizons formed by burning, deposition, and reworking of refuse associated with indigenous settlement activities between 2500 and 500 BP.
Representation of Gender Roles in Koirala’s Narendra Dai
Authors: Bista Asmita
Published: February 2021

Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala‟s novel Narendra Dai is replete with gender issues of the then society that has marked its relevance even at the present time. This article examines how this novel has explored the concept of gender as a per formative entity; and shows that the characters perform the traditional gender roles because of the strict socio-cultural obligations. It also examines while performing the traditional gender roles, how the lives of these characters get affected. For that Judith Butler’s idea of gender theory has been used. Butler proposes theory of gender as a constant performance: a series of cues observed, internalized, and repeated over time. The significance of this study is to contribute a different perspective for the reader to see Narendra Dai because in this novel, Koirala has shown that since the characters cannot go against the social norms, they perform traditional gender roles via social policing and polishing. The study concludes that these characters define the socially prescribed gender roles because gender is socio-political construction that achieves legitimacy and naturality via perpetual observation and repetition.
Linguistic Features of Limbu Mundhum
Authors: Tumbahang Mohan Kumar
Published: February 2021

This article attempts to look into the kind of language employed in the Mundhum corpus that puts the intricacy to the Limbu natives. To analyze the linguistic aspect of the Mundhum, the study has applied linguistic devices/tools based especially on phonic feature to syntactic structure or pattern. This study, thus, is qualitative in nature and the non-numerical data were collected from the books, journals, articles and religious scripture. The analysis has revealed that the Kirat Limbu Mundhum corpus is a complicated ancient form of poetry believed to be the sacred religious scripture. It has distinctly different language variety in terms of orthographic, phonological, sematic, syntactic and above all the stylistic feature. The linguistic deviation in the Mundhum has set itself off the ordinary language variety causing obscurity for a larger number of the Limbu native speakers. Obsolete and classical terminologies stand as a stumbling block and that have added more obscurity even to the most Limbu natives. The article can be beneficial for those researchers who have a desire to study the classical languages like the Kirat Limbu Mundhum.
Juxtaposing Sama’s Bhimsenko Antya with Shakespeare’s Richard II
Authors: Shrestha Rupak
Published: February 2021

The works of William Shakespeare (1564-1616) have occasioned such a history of being altered to fit new historical periods, new cultures and new media that they have dominated literary studies related to the term „adaptation‟. Adaptation of a main source into different trans-genres, such as graphic novels, movies, performances on different kinds of stages, and indeed translations, are the study area of Adaptation Theory. The goal of an adaptation is to transfer works from one culture and language to make them usable for another culture and society. This research paper offers a comparative approach to two different plays produced in two different cultures, which have to date been regarded as wholly independent. As I will show, of the two, the source play, or „hypo text‟, is William Shakespeare’s historical tragedy King Richard II (text „A‟), while I will juxtapose Balalkrishna Samas play Bhimsenko Antya [The Doom of Bhimsen as a hypertext (text „B‟), which I will analyse in the light of Adaptation Theory. The paper shows that the plots and characters of the two plays are closely interrelated. Fourteen major incidents correspond closely between the main source and the adapted version, along with broad similarities in settings, even where characterizations of the principal characters suggest a diverging relationship with the hypo text. Sama‟s The Doom of Bhimsen, in short, is an appropriation of Shakespeare’s King Richard II, newly contextualized to Nepalese history and culture while being produced as a completely new Nepalese product. As this aspect of Sama’s play has never previously been explored; this research paper brings a breakthrough in the study of Nepalese literary history, and at the same time, makes a fresh contribution widening the area of adaptation theory.
Political Territorial Boundary Dispute (Kupang City and Kupang Regency)
Authors: Triadmaja Stefanus , Sardini Nur Hidayat
Published: February 2021

This study is to analyze the impact of Political Border Disputes in the City of Kupang and Kupang Regency. Regional boundary disputes that occurred in the Nasipanaf region began since the enactment of Law Number 5 of 1996 Establishment of the Kupang Second Level Regional Municipality. on April 25, but the territorial borders were not taken seriously by the Government. The physical boundary between Kupang City and Kupang Regency on the ground is that there are still unclear boundary points, especially in the Nasipanaf region between Kelurahan Penfui and Desa Baumata Barat which have not been agreed between the two parties. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method based on case studies as the sample in this study there are people from both the research locus and the government as the authorized party for decision making. The findings obtained in this study indicate that there has been a clash between residents resulting in conflict over the past few years. In addition, administrative issues also become a problem for people who are in the border area and infrastructure development also influence in the dispute over this area.
Evaluation of the Disaster Preparedness School Program at Sekolah Dasar Negeri Baluwarti and Sekolah Dasar Negeri Bangunrejo 1 in Yogyakarta
Authors: Afisa Afisa , Sakir Sakir
Published: February 2021

This study aims to determine the results of the evaluation of the implementation of the Disaster Preparedness School Program (SSB) as a Disaster Mitigation Step in Yogyakarta City with case studies of SD Negeri Bangunrejo 1 and SD Negeri Baluwarti. This study analyzed four stages, namely context (context), input (input), process (process), and product (results). The results showed that at the stage of context it could be categorized well where SD Baluwarti had fulfilled while SD Negeri Bangunrejo 1 only did not have a program organizational structure. At the input stage, it can be categorized sufficiently where SD Baluwarti only has no specific regulations related to the program and SD Negeri Bangunrejo 1 does not yet have specific regulations and curriculum related to the program. In the process stage, that has been going well where the SSB program is still running, it's just that SD Negeri Bangunrejo 1 is more focused on learning in the classroom while SD Negeri Baluwarti continues to simulate at least one use. At the product stage the SSB program was in line with the objectives of increasing school residents' preparedness for disasters.
The American Orthodox Churches and Clergy in the 21st Century
Authors: Krindatch Alexei
Published: February 2021

In 1794, the foundation of a mission on Kodiak Island in Alaska by the Orthodox monks from Russia marked the entrance of Orthodox Church in America. Two centuries later, the presence of over one million faithful gathered into more than 2,400 local parishes bears witness to the firm establishment of Eastern Christianity in the US. The notion of "one state - one Church" was historically very characteristic of Orthodox Christianity. When the Orthodox Church is mentioned, one tends to think of its ethnic aspect, and when Orthodox Christians are asked about their religious affiliation, they almost always add an cthnic qualificr: Grcck Orthodox, Russian Orthodox, Syrian Orthodox, etc. Consequently, many Orthodox Churches — Byzantine and Oriental alike — that have faithful in the United States have organized their own jurisdictions in North America: the individual "ethnically based" parishes were later united into centrally administrated dioceses subordinated to the "Mother Churches" in the Old World. The original goal of American Orthodox jurisdictions was clear: to minister to the religious needs of the diverse immigrant ethnic communities: the Greeks, Russians, Serbians, Romanians, Armenians, Copts, etc. There is no doubt that for the first generation of immigrants these ethnically based Orthodox jurisdictions brought a big measure of order and unity to ethnic groups that otherwise would have remained fragmented and enfeebled in an "American melting pot".
ГУМАНІСТИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ТА ЕКОЛОГІЗАЦІЯ КУЛЬТУРНО-ІСТОРИЧНОЇ ПАМ'ЯТІ В ПРОЦЕСІ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ІНЖЕНЕРІВ-ПЕДАГОГІВ НА ПРИКЛАДІ ВИВЧЕННЯ КОНКРЕТНИХ ІСТОРИЧНИХ ФАКТІВ
Authors:   кандидат історичних наук, доцент, Навчально-науковий професійно-педагогічний інститут Української інженерно-педагогічної академії, Бахмут, Україна, Аксакова Н. О.
Published: February 2021

The article considers the introduction of a humanistic approach and restoration of cultural and historical memory in the process of training future engineers-teachers to study specific historical examples, namely the Holocaust, which is the cornerstone of the memory of World War II. Awareness of the tragedy of the nation that suffered genocide during World War II is a need to avoid future violations of human rights on racial, religious, ethnic grounds - one of the main tasks of training a specialist of the future. Holocaust remembrance is essential so that our children are never victims, executioners or indifferent observers. The author cites a specific example of a tragic historical legacy, the Holocaust in Bakhmut, when 3,000 Jews were buried alive in cell alabaster at the champagne factory, as an example of the inhuman policies of the Nazis.
TRANSLATION AS A MEANS OF COMMUNICATION BETWEEN CULTURES AND THE PROBLEM OF FUNCTIONAL ADEQUACY OF POLYSEMIC WORDS ON THE BASIS OF THE ORIGINAL AND ENGLISH VERSIONS OF «THE MARTYRDOM OF THE BLESSED QUEEN SHUSHANIK» BY IAKOB TSURTAVELI
Authors:   Georgian Technical University (GTU), Faculty of Engineering, Economics Media Technologies and Social Sciences, Mass Communication Program Ph.D. Student, Tbilisi, Georgia, Koniashvili I. O.
Published: February 2021

The present paper deals with the importance of communication and translation as a means of communication between cultures. It also highlights the intra and extra linguistic factors that are significant for translator works and thus, effective communication. In this respect the paper is an attempt to represent the equivalents of Georgian polysemic words within the frame of paradigms and syntactical functions on the basis of two English versions of Georgian hagiographic text, of the V century AD, The Martyrdom of the Blessed Queen Shushanik by Iakob Tsurtaveli. The Paper deals with the problem of reference between the notions and subjects, the process of decoding and the reasons for possible simultaneous misconceptions or misunderstanding. It also outlines the formation of a concept word through the linguistic-stylistic studies of the information by both translators which in turn provides the correct perception of the hagiographic text for the English speaking reader. The research is base don comparative and component analysis.
ДІАЛЕКТНА ТЕКСТОТЕКА: ФОРМУВАННЯ ТА ІНФОРМАТИВНІСТЬ
Authors:   молодший науковий співробітник Інституту української мови Національної академії наук України, Київ, Україна, Задорожня Ірина
Published: February 2021

The article reviews the problem of Ukrainian dialectic textography. This scientific area has been recently enriched with new works. This article focuses on dialectic text. Text is one of the important tools to represent dialect materials. For example, small text fragments show how can a lexeme behave in a speech-space. One of the dialects of the central region of Ukraine was chosen for the analysis, as this dialect specifically is one of the ancestors of the modern Ukrainian literary language. The subject of the presented fragments is associated with popular geographical terminology. This vocabulary is closely related to primordial history and culture. This thematic group is archaic. It has not yet become the object of a separate study, which would represent the whole variety of dialects from the entire territory of Ukraine. Up until today, there are only a few regional works.
ПУБЛІКАЦІЙНА АКТИВНІСТЬ НАУКОВО- ПЕДАГОГІЧНИХ ПРАЦІВНИКІВ В МІЖНАРОДНИХ НАУКОМЕТРИЧНИХ БАЗАХ ДАНИХ
Authors:   доктор філософських наук, професор, Київський національний університет культури і мистецтв, Київ, Україна, Гуменюк Тетяна
Published: February 2021

In Ukraine, the scientific sphere of activity is being reformed due to new requirements for its development, in particular, national scientific journals are being prepared for inclusion in the international databases Scopus and Web of Science. Modern higher education institutions are the subject of scientometric assessments in various national and world rankings, which reflect, in particular, the level of their research activities. Now it is one of the most authoritative indicators of academic work. Today, higher education institutions of Ukraine in national and world rankings are evaluated not only by indicators of their academic and international activities, the quality of professional training of students, the results of inventive activity, but also by the level of publishing activity of researchers in journals indexed in international scientometric databases, by the number of citations of their works by other scientists.
IMPLEMENTATION OF FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT INTO THE NATIONAL ECONOMY OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Tashkent Institute of Finance, Independent researcher, Uzbekistan, Akramov Azamat , Mardanova Rano Isakovna ,   Dr., Tashkent Institute of Finance, Uzbekistan
Published: February 2021

The experience of Western countries with a developed market infrastructure shows that the public procurement system naturally became an integral part of the sphere of internal commodity exchange of certain types of products and services and one of the mechanisms for maintaining competition and a liberal way of doing business. The objective basis for the existence and progressive development of the public procurement system in the national economy of many countries is the fact that in the process of fulfilling their target functions, individual government departments and organizational structures of any of them are forced to face the problem of material and technical support both for the implementation of state and local programs, and for the implementation of their current activities. As a rule, it is solved by purchasing the necessary material and intangible resources, goods, works and services through purchases, called state, in the process of specially organized competitive bidding. The purpose of this article is to show the experience of developed countries in the implementation of public procurement.
INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PERSONALITY, ORGANIZATIONAL IDENTIFICATION AND TURNOVER IN COMPETITIVE FLIGHT MODEL
Authors: TUNÇ Pervin , YILDIRIM Osman , AYDIN GÖKTEPE Esra , ÇAPUK Selçuk
Published: February 2021

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the low cost carrier (LCC) and Full Service Carrier (FSC) airways cabin and cockpit employees, which are the two main competitive airline business models and the relationship between organizational identification and turnover and determining the differences between the business models.In order to reach the aim of the study, a research questionnaire was designed by using the scales that determine the intentions of personality characteristics, organizational identification and intention to quit in the related literature. The sample of the study was determined by easy sampling method. Data were collected through scales from 350 volunteer flight personnel, 175 working in the LCC business model and 175 working in the FSC business model. The models obtained by the path analysis for the research variables were statistically tested and fit indices were investigated for each model. It is determined that the Organizational Identification (OI) variable has a full mediating effect on the relationship between the Emotinonal Stability (ES) variable and the Turnover (TO) variable in the LCC business model. In the same way, employees working in the full service airline business model; In the effect of ES variable on TO variable, OI variable was determined to have full mediating effect. When structural equation model is applied to the data obtained from low cost and full service business employees, it is determined that the OI variable has a partial mediating effect on the effect of the Conscientiousness (C) variable on the TO variable. According to the findings, it provides data especially for managers and human resources professionals to adopt or develop approaches that can change the effects of these research variables.
Appendiceal Endometriosis: A Rare Cause of Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Koimtzis Georgios
Published: February 2021

Background: Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of acute abdomen. The etiology has not been defined clearly but potential causes are fecoliths, lymphoid hyperplasia and malignancies. However, an extremely uncommon cause of acute appendicitis is endometriosis which leads to dilemmas in the diagnostic process. Case report: A 21-year-old Caucasian female patient presented in the Emergency department complaining of acute progressive abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant. The physical examination revealed signs consistent with acute appendicitis. The patient underwent diagnostic laparoscopy, which revealed early inflammation of the appendix and thus was subjected to appendicectomy. Histologic examination revealed endometriosis of the appendix. Conclusion: The presented case emphasizes on how endometriosis can affect only the appendix without any involvement of the reproductive organs. A high index of clinical suspicion is required especially in women of reproductive age who present with periodic chronic pain associated with their menstrual cycle. Nonetheless, this can only be confirmed through diagnostic laparoscopy and histologic examination, which also provides the definite cure of the disease.
Therapeutic Apheresis in Neurology
Authors: Bambauer Rolf
Published: February 2021

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) remove harmful plasma constituents from patient’s blood and replacing the extracted plasma with replacement solutions. The advantages of TPE with hollow fiber membranes are a complete separation of the corpuscular components from the plasma and due to increased blood flow rate higher efficacy. Therapeutic apheresis (TA) is used more and more throughout the world. The development of new, more sophisticated membranes and new adsorption technologies allow the most selective separation of plasma components. TA has been successfully introduced in a variety of autoantibody-mediated diseases. TA is the first- or second-line therapy in the treatment of neurological disorders. The updated information on immunology and molecular biology of different neurological diseases are discussed in relation to the rationale for apheresis therapy and its place in combination with other modern treatments. The different neurological diseases can be treated by various apheresis methods. Pathogenetical aspects are demonstrated in these diseases, in which they are clarified. TA has been shown to effectively remove the autoantibodies, immune complexes, inflammatory moderators, paraproteins, and other toxins from blood and lead to rapid clinical improvement. For the neurological diseases, which can be treated with TA, the guidelines of the Apheresis Application Committee (AAC) of the American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) are cited.
Case about Swyer syndrome (complete, or “pure” gonadal dysgenesis)
Authors: Aliyev Nadir
Published: February 2021

46XY - Swyer syndrome (complete, or “pure” gonadal dysgenesis) can be briefly described as a female phenotype in the male genotype. The disease is named for the British endocrinologist Gerald Swyer, who described it in 1955. The full form of dysgenesis is nonsyndromic (not accompanied by extragenital malformations), excludes the duality of sexual development (the presence of male primary sexual characteristics along with female ones), psychological development occurs according to the female type. Congenital pathology occurs in one case in 180,000 individuals with a male karyotype and is recorded more often than other forms of XY-dysgenesis of gonads. Based on these results of the one female, the diagnosis of Swiera syndrome (complete genital dysgenesis: impaired sexual development) was suspected.
Characterization of cardiovascular risk factors and Framingham score in an HIV-1 population
Authors: Abreu R. Correia
Published: February 2021

With the advent of high-potency antiretroviral treatment introduced in 1996, HIV infection ceased to be an acute and deadly disease to become chronic and controllable. However, the early aging of this population, which according to some authors and cohorts, is 10 years less than in the "normal" population, has been studied. Although the realities of these patients comorbidities are well known, the definition of time, when and how or with what to treat still seems to be a matter of debate. The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence and prevalence according to the state of the art for the non-HIV population of cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus) and apply the adjusted Framingham Risk Score by recording analytical and clinical factors in an HIV-1 population with more than 50 years of age, followed in the Infectious Diseases Service for more than 6 months.
Topical Mastic Oil for Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia: A Randomized , Triple-Blind Controlled Trial
Authors: Baradaran Sattarzadeh Mahsa , Shojaii Asie , Nassiri Toosi Mohssen , Abdollahi-Fard Mehri , Alborzi Avanaki Foroogh , Taher Mohammad , Shiehmorteza Maryam , Hashem-Dabaghian Fataneh
Published: February 2021

Background: The main goal of the present study was to evaluate the effect of topical mastic oil, compared to placebo on treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD). Materials and Methods: Sixty-three patients with FD were included. Thirty-two subjects received the topical mastic oil (10 drops/TDS after meal) with massage and 31 patients received topical sesame oil with massage. Both groups received pantoprazole (40 mg daily) along with oil and massage. The severity of early satiation, postprandial fullness, epigastric pain and epigastric burning was assessed after 4 weeks using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) as well as frequency of symptoms. Satisfaction with the treatment was also assessed using a researcher-made questionnaire. Changes in the severity of symptoms were evaluated by Friedman’s test. Results: Mean and standard deviation of age of the subjects were equal to 36.95±13.64 and 50 (79.4%) patients were female. Both groups experienced a significant decrease in the severity of all the four symptoms (P<0.001). The percentage of decrease in the severity of early satiation was significantly higher in the mastic group than the control group (76.03±34.91% vs. 37.24±38.86%, P=0.003). No significant differences were found in the percentage of decrease in the severity of postprandial fullness, epigastric pain and burning between the study groups (P=0.05, 0.06, and 0.13, respectively). The frequency of symptoms was decreased similarly in both groups. Satisfaction with the treatment was reported to be significantly higher in the mastic group than the sesame group (P=0.01). There were no intolerable side effects in both groups. Conclusion: Mastic oil reduced early satiation better than the placebo. In addition, satisfaction with the treatment was higher in the mastic group than the sesame group. [GMJ.2021;10:e1965]
Psychological Strategies for Maintaining Mental Health During the Coronavirus 2019 Pandemic
Authors: Sarraf-Razavi Mahdiyeh , Tabatabaei Seyyed Mohammad , Eslamzadeh Mahboubeh , Moradi Marjan , Feyzi Zhaleh , Talaei Ali , Fayyazi Bordbar Mohammad Reza
Published: February 2021

The infection caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) started from China and spread out to the whole world, and became a pandemic as the world health organization declared. COVID-19 has caused many challenges in all aspects of life, including mental health for the entire human beings. The current study has reviewed some important strategies based on individual care and social support. Maintaining healthy lifestyle and doing regular life activities such as enough sleeping, doing art, listening to music, doing yoga, and meditation could be practical for individual care. Some social support strategies may include talking to trusty people or counselors to share emotions, keeping in touch with family, friends, and colleagues, supporting people via calls and texts warmly, and taking care of the elderly, children, and especially medical workers. [GMJ.2021;10:e2008]
Nekoliko bilješki o slikaru Blažu Jurjevu
Authors: Hilje Emil
Published: February 2021

U članku se, temeljem desetak dosad nepoznatih arhivskih podataka, pokušava rekonstruirati životni put i umjetnički razvoj najznačajnijega dalmatinskoga gotičkog slikara Blaža Jurjeva Trogiranina. Podatak da je u dokumentima iz 1419. godine naveden kao »slikar Blaž iz Zadra« potvrđuje pretpostavku da je dio svoje mladosti, a zacijelo i školovanja, proveo u tom gradu, u vrijeme kada je tamo dominantna slikarska ličnost bio Menegelo Ivanov de Canali, pa je moguće određene trečentističke arhaizme, prisutne u Blaževim djelima, dovesti u direktniju vezu s izvorištem u Menegelovu slikarstvu. Također, potvrde višestrukih boravaka u Splitu pružaju uporište za pomicanje uobičajene datacije raspela u crkvi sv. Frane u majstorovu zreliju stvaralačku fazu, pa je onda lakše predočiti moguće etape Blaževa likovnog sazrijevanja: od početne, snažnije vezane uz menegelovska izvorišta, preko pretpostavljenog boravka u Veneciji, a zatim razvijene djelatnosti u Trogiru i Dubrovniku, do potpune afirmacije i umjetnički najplodnijeg razdoblja tridesetih godina 15. stoljeća.
Slavoluci i(li) spomenici. Načini obilježavanja prisutnosti cara i kralja Franje Josipa I. u javnom prostoru Dalmacije i Kvarnera u drugoj polovini 19. stoljeća
Authors: Prančević Dalibor
Published: February 2021

Osobit fokus teksta reprezentativni su slavoluci podizani kao sastavni dijelovi urbane scenografije posjeta cara Franje Josipa I. Dalmaciji i Kvarneru 1875. godine, a koji se sagledavaju kao efemerni oblici graditeljske i arhitektonske prakse Europe u 19. stoljeću. Tema se dosad u povijesti umjetnosti nije obrađivala, pa se većina materijala donosi i interpretira prvi put. Temeljni izvori istraživanju sačuvani su fotografski materijali koji zorno dokumentiraju carske slavoluke, dnevnički i putopisni zapisi koji ih spominju i sažeto opisuju, odnosno arhivski materijali koji pojašnjavaju njihovu strukturu i materijale od kojih su sazdani. Nadalje, tekst razmatra i pojavu carevih spomenika, ponajprije njegovih poprsja u javnom prostoru koji su se mogli postaviti kao generički tvornički artikli (tvornica Gilardi–Bettiza u Splitu) ili umjetnička djela renomiranih autora (Ivan Rendić), ali ukazuje i na portretne biste koje se donose kao ilustrativni prilozi putopisnih zapisa. Djela koja se u tekstu promatraju uglavnom pripadaju drugoj polovini 19. stoljeća.
Proces nastanka liturgije časova i kršćansko poimanje vremena u kontekstu benediktinske duhovnosti i pravila
Authors: Bodrožić Ivan
Published: February 2021

Autor u ovom članku propituje proces nastanka liturgije
časova, službene molitve Crkve koja je bila osmišljena kao molitva kojom se
posvećuje vrijeme. Nakon što je definirao terminološki okvir pojmova »liturgija
časova« i »vrijeme«, autor započinje istraživanje vraćajući se u razdoblje
apostolske zajednice u kojemu će, iščitavajući novozavjetne tekstove,
zaključiti da je molitva trebala sadržavati tri bitna obilježja: biti neprekidna,
zajednička i biblijska. U postapostolskom razdoblju, prateći ovu nit, pokazat
će kako se je u kršćanskim zajednicama nametnula molitva psalama kao povlaštena
kršćanska molitva (naravno uz Gospodnju molitvu) koja je odgovarala tim
kriterijima. Tako iznosi na vidjelo da su kršćani već u 2. i 3. stoljeću
razvili molitvu u pet molitvenih trenutaka tijekom dana: Jutarnja i Večernja su
bile stožerne molitve, a k njima su se još pridodavale molitve Trećega, Šestoga
i Devetoga časa. Po svemu sudeći, u naznačeno vrijeme molili su se pojedini
psalmi, no danas se ne može točno zaključiti koji. Iz ovoga rada postaje razvidno da
važan doprinos cijelom procesu nastanka liturgije časova daje monaški pokret,
pri čemu će najvažniju ulogu za zapadno kršćanstvo odigrati sveti Benedikt koji
će svojim Pravilom utisnuti poseban pečat kršćanskoj duhovnosti. Odgovarajući na izazove vremena, on će molitvi monaha dati ciklički oblik, te će ritam od pet molitvenih trenutaka u danu podići na sedam, to jest osam ako se uključi i noćno Bdjenje. Polazeći od činjenice da broj sedam označava savršenstvo, ritam od sedam dnevnih molitvenih točki simbolički će označavati molitvu kao neprekinutu aktivnost. A s obzirom na tjedni molitveni ciklus, Benedikt će odrediti da se unutar njega izmoli svih
150 psalama Psaltira, čime će biti osigurana cjelovitost molitve. Prema njegovu
Pravilu molitva psalama, ili »Djelo Božje« kako ga on zove, nije samo ritmirala
monahov cijeli dan i tjedan, već ga je ucjepljivala u povijest spasenja
pretvarajući njegovo vrijeme u blaženu vječnost. Kao sredstvo posvete vremena
koje ima svoj neprekinuti tijek u dnevnim i tjednim ciklusima, molitva časova
je do kraja odgovarala evanđeoskim kriterijima koje je zadao Isus i apostolska
zajednica, te je razumljivo zašto je sve do danas prihvaćena u Crkvi kao
službena molitva.
Služba u čast sv. Barbari u hrvatskoglagoljskim brevijarima
Authors: Mihaljević Milan , Vela Jozo
Published: February 2021

Služba sv. Barbare sačuvana je u
malom broju sanktorala hrvatskoglagoljskih brevijara. U radu se kroz
komparativnu analizu teksta u trima brevijarima gdje je ona sačuvana donosi
jezična slika Službe. Neslavenski predlošci tekstova unutar službe nisu
utvrđeni, no u mjeri u kojoj je to moguće donose se određene usporedbe i
upućuje na moguće smjerove daljnjih istraživanja. Upotreba imenice spasь umjesto isusь kao odlika najstarije hrvatskoglagoljske tradicije, kao i
činjenica da je u čitanjima tekst Mučenja sv. Barbare kojem je predložak bio
grčki, upućuju na to da je riječ o Službi koja je u sačuvane brevijare dospjela
prepisivanjem iz znatno starijih predložaka.
Japanese Technical Intern Training Program: Problems and Recommendations
Authors: Xuan Bien Do , Thi Thu Hien Do , Ngoc Thai Chau
Published: February 2021

Labor export is acknowledged as a socio-economic development strategy of Vietnam. Since 2017, the number of Vietnamese intern trainees in Japan has been rapidly increasing, making Vietnam the top country that sends interns to Japan. The increase benefits both countries. However, in addition to the benefits, a number of problems related to the implementation of the program are remaining, particularly the increasing number of overstaying of Vietnamese trainnees. Previously, several research has examined the reasons of this phenomenon but mainly focused on economic aspects. This paper aims at exploring the causes of this phenomenon by examining the ambiguity of the Technical Intern Training Program (TITP). The paper firstly introduce the primary goals and implementation of the TITPcontributes to the overstaying of Vietnamese interns. Secondly, the paper examines the differences between the TITP's goals and its implementation as well as how the inconsistencies contribute to the illegal stay of Vietnamese intern trainees. Finally, the paper will propose some practical solutions to minimize the flee and illegal stay of Vietnamese trainees in Japan hence, improving the effectiveness of this program.
Migration in the context of environmental change (Case study of the Mekong Delta)
Authors: Thi Doan Trinh Tran , Hai Nguyen Le
Published: February 2021

In the context of environmental change in the Mekong Delta, households have different livelihood strategies such as maintaining current livelihoods, changing to new livelihoods and migrating to find jobs. The migration strategy for finding jobs in major cities is a research topic of interest from different fields of study such as geography, sociology, economics, culture, and anthropology, etc. In spite of that, there are many issues that still need to be studied. When discussing migration and the environment, researchers have divided their opinions into two groups. Some of the researchers recognize the environment as the main driver of migration. Meanwhile, the other emphasize the complexity of this process. They consider that migration is a decision driven by different reasons; one of which is the environment. Using a rich source of secondary data from scientific journals and monographs, the author of this article focuses on exploring the questionable relationship between migration and environmental change: Is environmental change a driving force for migration, and is migration a strategy to adapt to environmental change? The findings from this article will serve as a basis for conducting further studies to understand driving forces and migration tendency of household.
TO STUDY LEVEL OF ANTITHYROGLOBULIN ANTIBODIES IN CASE OF AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS
Authors: . Bajaj , Bajaj Shyam Sunder
Published: February 2021

Background & Method: The present study titled “To study level of Antithyroglobulin Antibodies in case of Autoimmune Thyroiditis” was conducted among the patients at Amaltas Institute of Medical Sciences. Dewas Patients coming to any clinical department with thyroid swelling during the study period were randomly selected for the study. After complete history and thorough clinical examination, FNAC was being performed with a 22 gauge needle in 10 ml syringe with or without USG guidance as per requirement.

Result: In the present study, all the cases presented with a neck swelling. 71 (71%) out of the 100 cases had painful swelling while 29 (29%) presented with painless swelling. The levels of antithyroglobulin antibodies were found to be above 100 IU/ml in all the cases studied. 35 cases had levels between 100-500, 58 between 501-1000 and 7 above 1000 IU/ml.

Conclusion: The cytomorphological details in cases of autoimmune thyroiditis, to study the level of antithyroglobulin antibodies and to correlate the cytological findings with clinical presentation and antithyroglobulin antibodies. The present study could not prove any statistical significance of the association of antithyroglobulin antibodies, yet the levels of these antibodies are essential as a part of thyroid work up of clinically diagnosed patients.

Keywords: Antithyroglobulin, Antibodies & Thyroiditis.

Study Designed: Observational Study
TO STUDY THE HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETER IN ALL PREGNANT WOMEN IN DIFFERENT TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY AND COMPARE THEM WITH HEALTHY NON PREGNANT WOMEN
Authors: Bajaj Shyam Sunder
Published: February 2021

Background & Method: The study was carried out on pregnant women attending Outpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Amaltas Institute of Medical Sciences, Dewas, Madhya Pradesh. 400 consecutive blood samples of pregnant women’s as study group and 400 consecutive blood samples of non-pregnant women’s as control group, were included in the study. 

Result: Primary blood indices (RBC, hemoglobin and hematocrit) of the study population. Hemoglobulin content and hematocrit value were significantly lower in pregnant women compared to non-pregnant women. And RBC count is also lower in pregnant women as compared to non-pregnant women. Secondary blood indices (MCV, MCH and MCHC) of the study population, secondary blood indices of the study population, there was no significant change in MCV among pregnant and non-pregnant women. On the other hand, MCHC and MHC showed significant decrease in pregnant women.

Conclusion: White blood cells and neutrophils were progressively increased whereas lymphocyte count, RBC count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCHC and platelet were decreased in pregnant women compared to non-pregnant women as pregnancy advanced. More direct dependence on hemoglobin for pregnant women in their second and third trimesters, along with a more aggressive approach to the level of iron stores at which iron supplementation should be prescribed.

Keywords: hematological, pregnancy, healthy & women.