bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physical activity and the ileostomy patient: exploring the challenges of hydration
Authors: Rudoni Caroline , Russell Sarah
Published: September 2016

Drinking plenty of fluid is vital for good health, but hydration requirements are more complex for people with an ileostomy, as they have a shorter bowel to absorb fluids and electrolytes with. This becomes an even greater challenge during physical activity and sport, when further fluid is lost through sweat. Therefore, it is important to be aware of the advantages and disadvantages of different drinks, including their osmolarity and how much glucose and electrolytes they contain. This article aims to provide information for nurses to be able to confidently support people with an ileostomy to appropriately manage their hydration requirements.
Experience with phlebotomy for people with hepatitis C: a systematic review
Authors: Fry Fiona , Shawyer Vicki , Endacott Ruth
Published: September 2016

Low uptake of treatment remains a considerable challenge in the management of patients with the hepatitis C virus (HCV), and difficulties with phlebotomy contribute to this significantly. This systematic review aimed to locate and synthesise evidence regarding: (i) the impact of phlebotomy experience on access to treatment for HCV and (ii) interventions made to improve the experience of phlebotomy for people with HCV. Abstracts were reviewed for 100 articles, a full-text review was undertaken of 16 and four were subjected to quality appraisal. Analysis of the studies revealed three main issues: (i) how access to phlebotomy was characterised by perceptions of stigma and fear of blood sampling, (ii) the impact of poor phlebotomy experience on treatment access and (iii) lack of communication between service users and service providers. Only one study reported the impact of an intervention to improve phlebotomy experience. Recent treatment developments have the potential to make a significant impact on mortality and morbidity for those living with HCV. However, to introduce appropriate interventions, it is essential to engage service users.
Considerations in the management of ulcerative colitis
Authors: Stansfield Cath
Published: September 2016

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a relapsing chronic disease that has an unpredictable course. This article aims to consider the medical approaches to managing UC, placing emphasis on the use of mesalazine and in particular Salofalk in the management of mild-to-moderate colitis. The article also recognises the importance of supporting patients to identify symptoms of relapse so that timely adjustments to medical therapy can be made to promote symptomatic relief and mucosal healing. In the long term, optimisation of therapy in mild-to-moderate disease is considered to reduce the likelihood of flare; therefore, progression to more expensive and complex therapies can potentially be avoided.
Antimicrobial stewardship: The appropriate use of antibiotics
Authors: Fleming Naomi
Published: September 2016

Antimicrobial resistance is a global problem that will have significance for all of us in future. Naomi Fleming looks at how practice nurses can contribute to antimicrobial stewardship and support patients to use antibiotics appropriately

Antibiotics have been vital to our survival, but antimicrobial resistance is threatening to make them ineffective. Resistance threatens modern medicine, including our ability to provide chemotherapy, transplants, splenectomy and surgery, as well as treat acute and chronic infections ( Department of Health (DH), 2013 ). Antimicrobial stewardship aims to ensure effective treatment of infections, while minimising collateral damage. This article examines how practice nurses can contribute to the antimicrobial stewardship agenda and support patients to use antibiotics appropriately, with a particular focus on respiratory tract infections.
Promoting healing in venous leg ulceration
Authors: Brown Annemarie
Published: September 2016

Venous leg ulcers are commonly seen in primary care. Annemarie Brown outlines the problems a practice nurse may encounter when helping to heal a venous leg ulcer and advises on how to select products to promote healing

Venous leg ulcers are commonly seen in primary care. Compression therapy in the form of bandages or hosiery is considered to be the most effective treatment to heal venous leg ulcers ( World Union of Wound Healing Societies (WUWHS), 2008 ). In a simple venous leg ulcer with no obvious barriers to healing, a simple non-adherent contact layer in combination with compression is usually sufficient to promote healing ( Moffatt et al, 2004 ). However, if the composition of the wound bed of the venous leg ulcer is more complex—critically colonised, infected and with slough or moderate exudate—the practitioner needs to assess the wound and choose a dressing which will remove these potential barriers to healing. This article will outline the most common wound problems and provide strategies practice nurses can use to promote healing.
Understanding risk perception in travellers
Authors: Noble Lorraine
Published: September 2016

Despite information being available about travel risks, some travellers will be affected by illnessess or injuries. Lorraine Noble offers advice to practice nurses about how to promote healthy behaviour in travellers and improve the effectiveness of the pre-travel consultation.

Information is widely available about travel risks and prevention. Yet, every year a proportion of travellers are affected by illnesses or injuries sustained during their trip, many of which are preventable. In this article we will consider how people perceive risk; how people make decisions about engaging in preventive behaviour; and the role of the pre-travel consultation in promoting healthy behaviour in travellers.

The article defines factors that affect travellers' choices about taking preventive measures and describes strategies to enhance the effectiveness of the pre-travel consultation.
Transforming attitudes to dementia with a little help from our friends
Authors: Dunn Olivia
Published: September 2016

Dementia is the term used to describe the symptoms that occur when the brain is damaged by certain diseases and conditions. Olivia Dunn describes the ways practice nurses can make society more friendly for those with the condition
Practice nurses key influencers in moving care in the right direction
Authors: Mann Andrea
Published: September 2016

Delegates at the Leeds Practice Nursing Conference 2016 were encouraged to drive change in care for patients, writes Andrea Mann, lead primary care nurse, Leeds South and East Clinical Commissioning Group
Research Roundup
Authors: Winter George
Published: September 2016

George Winter provides an overview of recently published articles that may be of interest to practice nurses. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided.
A majority of young women face sexual harassment at school
Authors: Henshaw Pete
Published: September 2016

Sexual harassment has become a ‘normal part of school life’ for many young women, with schools failing to tackle the problem effectively
The Standard for Teachers' CPD
Authors: Weston David
Published: September 2016

A new DfE Standard for Teachers' Professional Development has been published. Chair of the independent group of experts who put the document together, David Weston, looks at what it means for schools and teachers' CPD
Feedback
Authors: Webb Helen
Published: September 2016

Good feedback can have a significant impact on student progress. In the second part of this two-part article, teacher Helen Webb continues her research review on effective feedback, looking at assessment for learning, peer and self-assessment, the role of marking and the views of Ofsted
Arthroscopic management of articular and peri-articular fractures of the upper limb
Authors: Dei Giudici Luca , Faini Andrea , Garro Luca , Tucciarone Agostino , Gigante Antonio
Published: September 2016

The management of articular fractures is always a matter of concern. Each articular fracture is different from the other, whatever the classification system used and the surgical or non-surgical indications employed by the surgeon. The main goals remain anatomical reduction, stable fixation, loose body removal and minimal invasiveness. Open procedures are a compromise. Unfortunately, it is not always possible to meet every treatment goal perfectly, since associated lesions can pass unnoticed or delay treatment, and even in a ‘best-case’ scenario there can be complications in the long term. In the last few decades, arthroscopic joint surgery has undergone an exponential evolution, expanding its application in the trauma field with the development of arthroscopic and arthroscopically-assisted reduction and internal fixation (ARIF) techniques. The main advantages are an accurate diagnosis of the fracture and associated soft-tissue involvement, the potential for concomitant treatments, anatomical reduction and minimal invasiveness. ARIF techniques have been applied to treat fractures affecting several joints: shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee and ankle. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the most recent literature concerning arthroscopic and arthroscopically-assisted reduction and internal fixation for articular and peri-articular fractures of the upper limb, to analyse the results and suggest the best clinical applications. ARIF is an approach with excellent results in treating upper-limb articular and peri-articular fractures; it can be used in every joint and allows treatment of both the bony structure and soft-tissues. Post-operative outcomes are generally good or excellent. While under some circumstances ARIF is better than a conventional approach, the results are still beneficial due to the consistent range of movement recovery and shorter rehabilitation time. The main limitation of this technique is the steep learning curve, but investing in ARIF reduces intra-operative morbidity, surgical errors, operative times and costs.

Cite this article: Dei Giudici L, Faini A, Garro L, Tucciarone A, Gigante A. Arthroscopic management of articular and peri-articular fractures of the upper limb. EFORT Open Rev 2016;1:325-331. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.1.160016.
Ipilimumab-Induced Polyneuropathy/Ibuprofen-Induced Allergic-Type Liver Injury/Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole-Induced Immune Thrombocytopenia in Children/Mesna-Induced Fixed Drug Eruption/Digoxin-Induced Ocular Toxicity
Authors: Mancano Michael A.
Published: September 2016

The purpose of this feature is to heighten awareness of specific adverse drug reactions (ADRs), discuss methods of prevention, and promote reporting of ADRs to the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) MedWatch program (800-FDA-1088). If you have reported an interesting, preventable ADR to MedWatch, please consider sharing the account with our readers. Your report will be published anonymously unless otherwise requested. This feature is provided by the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) in cooperation with the FDA's MedWatch program and Temple University School of Pharmacy. ISMP is an FDA MedWatch partner.
Impact of Medication Dose Tracking Technology on Nursing Practice
Authors: Peek Grayson , Campbell Udobi , Kelm Matthew
Published: September 2016

Objective

The impact of providing nursing staff access to data collected through a medication dose tracking technology (MDTT) web portal was investigated.

Methods

A quasi-experimental, nonrandomized, pre-post intervention study was conducted in the Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit (CTICU) at Duke University Hospital. The change in the number of medication requests per dispense routed to the pharmacy electronic health record (EHR) in-basket was analyzed pre and post web portal access. Other endpoints included the number of MDTT web portal queries per day by nursing staff, change in nursing satisfaction survey scores, and technician time associated with processing medication requests pre and post web portal access. The pre web portal access phase of the study occurred from June 1, 2014 to August 31, 2014. The post web portal access phase occurred from October 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014.

Results

An 11.4% decrease in the number of medication requests per dispense was exhibited between the pre and post web portal access phases of the study (0.0579 vs 0.0513, respectively; p < .001). Pre and post surveys showed a significant improvement in nurses' satisfaction regarding access to information on the location of medications ( p = .009). Additionally, CTICU nursing staff utilized the MDTT web portal for 3.21 queries per day from October 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014.

Conclusion

Providing nurses access to data collected via an MDTT decreased the number of communications between nursing and pharmacy staff regarding medication availability and led to statistically significant improvements in nursing satisfaction for certain aspects of the medication distribution process.
New Trends in Islamic Political Parties in the Arab Spring Countries
Authors: Burdah Ibnu
Published: September 2016

The recent developments of Islamic political parties in the Arab spring countries show new orientation and agendas, i.e. reconfirmation of their commitment to democratic values, strengthening civil society, and adopting human rights principles. In the same time, they indicate not to be interested in the old Islamic agendas relating to jihad for Islamic states (dawlah Islāmiyah) and “global Islamic government” under one centralized caliphate (al-khilāfah al-Islāmiyyah). It is the case of Justice and Development Party (Ḥizb al-‘Adālah wa’l-Tanmiyah) in Morocco, Freedom and Justice Party (Ḥizb al-Ḥurriyyah wa’l-‘Adālah) in Egypt, and Awakening Party (Ḥizb al-Nahḍah) in Tunis. This paper seeks to explore and explain this new fact. Based on literary research and interviews with the leaders of the Justice and Development Party (Ḥizb al-‘Adālah wa’l-Tanmiyah) in Morocco, the paper concludes that the new orientation and agendas of Islamic political parties in the Arab spring states are related to democratization in the world, strong waves of Arab spring in many Arab states, and the dynamics of the internal parties.[Perkembangan mutakhir partai-partai politik Islam di sejumlah negara Arab “Musim Semi” menunjukkan adanya perubahan orientasi dan agenda baru, berupa penegasan kembali komitmen mereka terhadap nilai-nilai demokrasi, penguatan masyarakat sipil, dan adopsi prinsip-prinsip hak asasi manusia. Pada saat yang sama, mereka tampak kurang tertarik kepada agenda-agenda politik Islam lama seperti jihad bagi pendirian negara Islam dan pendirian pemerintahan Islam global di bawah satu khalifah yang tersentralisasi. Hal ini relevan terhadap kasus Partai Keadilan dan Pembangunan (Ḥizb al-‘Adālah wa’l-Tanmiyah) di Maroko, Partai Kebebasan dan Keadilan (Ḥizb al-Ḥurriyyah wa’l-‘Adālah) di Mesir, dan Partai Kebangkitan (Ḥizb al-Nahḍah) di Tunisia. Artikel ini berupaya mengeksplorasi dan menjelaskan fakta baru ini. Berdasarkan kajian pustaka dan wawancara dengan sejumlah petinggi Partai Keadilan dan Pembangunan di Maroko, penulis berkesimpulan bahwa orientasi baru ini terjadi akibat dari gelombang demokratisasi dunia, “angin kencang musim semi” Arab yang begitu kuat, dan dinamika internal partai.]
Evaluation of Passive Cooling Garments for Thermal Comfort Based on Thermal Manikin Tests
Authors: Donelan Caroline , Park Huiju
Published: September 2016

Exposure to extreme temperatures causes heat stress, and even serious health issues such as heat stroke and malfunctioning of the body's thermal regulatory system. Conductive, evaporative, and phase-change cooling technologies are used in personal cooling garments for this specific reason. This study investigated their effectiveness over time in different environments, through a series of thermal manikin tests. Thermal insulation and evaporative resistance were analyzed. The conductive cooling vest had only an initial strong cooling effect, but quickly lost cooling power and even increased the thermal burden. The evaporative cooling vest showed a gradual cooling effect. The phase-change cooling garment did not show noticeable body cooling in either no-wind or windy conditions. The findings have practical implications for improved cooling vest design and optimal use for each cooling technology.
Adsorption Kinetics of Amide Softeners on Cotton Fabrics in Decamethyl Cyclopentasiloxane Medium
Authors: Pu Dongjie , Zhong Qi , Wang Jiping
Published: September 2016

The adsorption kinetics of amide softeners on cotton fabrics in decamethyl cyclopentasiloxane (D5) medium is investigated. Pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models are utilized to analyze the kinetic data. Simultaneously, the kinetic parameters are analyzed to explore the adsorption rate of amide softeners on cotton fabrics. The adsorption process is believed to follow pseudo-second-order kinetics. Based on SEM images, the adsorption of amide softeners on cotton fabrics in D5 medium occurs on the cotton surface. There is no observed diffusion of softeners into the cotton fibers. The adsorption rate of amide softeners on cotton fabrics in D5 medium is much faster than the traditional aqueous system, which may significantly improve the efficiency of softener finishing.
Biochemical composition of two giant pill-millipedes of the Western Ghats of India
Authors: Ambarish Cheviri N. , Sridhar Kandikere R.
Published: September 2016

Many invertebrates have an unexpected nutraceutical potential and are of nutritional or ethnomedicinal significance to many tribals throughout the world. The giant pill-millipedes of the genus Arthrosphaera are traditionally used as natural medicines by tribals in the Western Ghats of India. In this study, two species of pill-millipedes (Arthrosphaera fumosa and A. magna) were subjected to proximate and biochemical analysis to ascertain their nutritional potential. Bodies of A. fumosa and A. magna (after removal of their intestines) had a low protein content (8-15%) and high quantity of carbohydrates (40-41%). They were rich in many essential elements, especially in calcium. The essential amino acids of pillmillipedes were in high quantities. The level of glycine was the highest, followed by lysine and serine. The fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) of males and females consist of high quantities of unsaturated fatty acids. The mono-unsaturated fatty acids were more abundant than poly-unsaturated fatty acids. Palmitic and oleic acids were dominant saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, respectively. The study has revealed for the first time that pill-millipedes of the Western Ghats of India constitute a good source of essential minerals, essential fatty acids, and essential amino acids. Being valuable contributors of organic manure by processing recalcitrant plant lignocellulosic wastes, pill-millipedes become part and parcel of organic farming as well as future nutraceutical sources.
Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing Control in the Exclusive Economic Zone: a Brief Appraisal of Regulatory Deficits and Accountability Strategies
Authors: Rosello Mercedes
Published: September 2016

The conservation of fish stocks in the world’s exclusive economic zones (EEZs), which collectively harbour the vast majority of marine-living resources, is the primary responsibility of coastal States. As the effects of failures by coastal States to protect those stocks from the impacts of illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing may extend beyond domestic boundaries, this paper questions whether and how coastal States may be made accountable in respect of their regulatory deficits. With the proliferation of non-legal conduct rules to guide the regulatory role of States and their agencies, non-judicial mechanisms have the potential to foster coastal State stewardship of domestic fisheries. Outlining a number of international, transnational and domestic approaches, this paper gives consideration to the opportunities and limitations they present in order to strengthen coastal State accountability for IUU fishing control deficits.
Regularity of weak solutions to linear and quasilinear parabolic systems of non-divergence type with non-smooth in time principal matrix: A(t)-caloric method
Authors: Arkhipova Arina A. , Stará Jana
Published: September 2016

We prove a modification of the so-called

A
⁢

(
t
)

A(t)

-caloric lemma stated in our earlier work with O. John [1] to study regularity of weak solutions to parabolic systems of non-divergence type with non-smooth in time principal matrices. As an application, we prove smoothness results in Morrey
and Campanato spaces for linear parabolic systems of non-divergence type by the

A
⁢

(
t
)

A(t)

-caloric
approximation method.
Hurewicz fibrations, almost submetries and critical points of smooth maps
Authors: Cacciatori Sergio Luigi , Pigola Stefano
Published: September 2016

We prove that the existence of a Hurewicz fibration between certain spaces with the homotopy type of a CW-complex implies some topological restrictions on their universal coverings. This result is used to deduce differentiable and metric properties of maps between compact Riemannian manifolds under curvature restrictions.
Wave Transformation in a Multi-Bar Surf Zone: Case Study of Lubiatowo (Poland)
Authors: Lan Yuan-Jyh , Hsu Tai-Wen , Ostrowski Rafał , Szmytkiewicz Marek
Published: September 2016

The paper presents results of field and theoretical investigations of wave transformation in the surf zone near the IBW PAN Coastal Research Station in Lubiatowo (Poland, the south Baltic Sea). The study site displays multi-bar cross-shore profiles that intensively dissipate wave energy, mostly induced by breaking. The main field data comprise wave heights and cross-shore bathymetric profiles.Wave transformation is modelled theoretically by two approaches, namely the IBW PAN phase-averaged wave transformation model and the approach based on the hydraulic jump model, developed by Hsu & Lai (2009) for hydrological situations encountered under the actual conditions of two field campaigns - in 1987 and 1996. Discrepancies between the measured data and the model results are discussed. In general, the model results are in good agreement with the in-situ observations. The comparison of the field data with the computational results concerns a part of the surf zone between about 5 m water depth and the first nearshore stable bar, where the depth amounts to ca. 1.2 m.
Sediment Transport Beyond the Surf Zone Under Waves and Currents of the Non-Tidal Sea: Lubiatowo (Poland) Case Study
Authors: Ostrowski Rafał , Stella Magdalena
Published: September 2016

The paper deals with the sandy coastal zone at Lubiatowo in Poland (the south Baltic Sea). The study comprises experimental and theoretical investigations of hydrodynamic and lithodynamic processes in the coastal region located close to the seaward boundary of the surf zone and beyond the surf zone. The analysis is based on field data collected at the IBW PAN Coastal Research Station in Lubiatowo. The data consist of wind velocity reconstructed from the long-term wave climate, deep-water wave buoy records and sea bottom soil parameters. Nearbed flow velocities induced by waves and currents, as well as bed shear stresses are theoretically modelled for various conditions to determine sediment motion regimes in the considered area. The paper discusses the possibility of occasional intensive sediment transport and the occurrence of distinct sea bed changes at bigger water depths.
Dynamic Model and Control of a Photovoltaic Generation System using Energetic Macroscopic Representation
Authors: Solano Javier , Duarte José , Vargas Erwin , Cabrera Jhon , Jácome Andrés , Botero Mónica , Rey Juan
Published: September 2016

This paper addresses the Energetic Macroscopic Representation EMR, the modelling and the control of photovoltaic panel PVP generation systems for simulation purposes. The model of the PVP considers the variations on irradiance and temperature. A maximum power point tracking MPPT algorithm is considered to control the power converter. A novel EMR is proposed to consider the dynamic model of the PVP with variations in the irradiance and the temperature. The EMR is evaluated through simulations of a PVP generation system.
Short–Term Planning of Hybrid Power System
Authors: Knežević Goran , Baus Zoran , Nikolovski Srete
Published: September 2016

In this paper short-term planning algorithm for hybrid power system consist of different types of cascade hydropower plants (run-of-the river, pumped storage, conventional), thermal power plants (coal-fired power plants, combined cycle gas-fired power plants) and wind farms is presented. The optimization process provides a joint bid of the hybrid system, and thus making the operation schedule of hydro and thermal power plants, the operation condition of pumped-storage hydropower plants with the aim of maximizing profits on day ahead market, according to expected hourly electricity prices, the expected local water inflow in certain hydropower plants, and the expected production of electrical energy from the wind farm, taking into account previously contracted bilateral agreement for electricity generation. Optimization process is formulated as hourly-discretized mixed integer linear optimization problem. Optimization model is applied on the case study in order to show general features of the developed model.
Microwave Supported Treatment of Sewage Sludge
Authors: Janíček František , Perný Milan , Šály Vladimír , Giemza Markus , Hofmann Peter
Published: September 2016

This work is focused on microwave treatment of sewage sludge. The aim of our experiments was to investigate the impact of microwave radiation upon different sewage sludge parameters such as concentration of nitrates and nitrites, phosphates, COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), SVI (Sludge Volume Index) and the microscopic structure of sludge. The experiments with microwave irradiation of sewage sludge indicate that moderate microwave power causes visible effects on the chemical, physical and biological properties of the sludge. The calculation of profitability and energy efficiency is also presented.
Influence of Hypothermia on the Clinical and Molecular Status of a Freshwater Drowning Victim with Severe Trauma. A Case Report
Authors: Bedreag Ovidiu Horea , Papurica Marius , Rogobete Alexandru Florin , Sandesc Dorel
Published: September 2016

Drowning in freshwater kills many people around the world. Complications are multiple and sometimes impossible to treat. Fluid and electrolyte resuscitation is difficult because of all the physiological, biophysical and biochemical changes that decrease the rate of survival. Extreme lung injury and cardiovascular disorders are responsible for tissue hypoxia, increased production of inflammation markers, biosynthesis of reactive oxygen species and finally, multiple organ damage. Hypothermia, frequently associated with drowning, provides multiple benefits to this type of patients. Various studies have developed the idea that hypothermia protects the brain from biochemical mediators, thereby preventing neuronal cell destruction. In this case report we present the biological parameters and evolution of a patient drowned in freshwater, and also the benefits of hypothermia to the clinical picture.
The Occurrence of Subclinical Hypercortisolism and Osteoporosis in Patients with Incidentally Discovered Unilateral and Bilateral Adrenal Tumors
Authors: Ognjanović Sanja , Macut Djuro , Petakov Milan , Kovačević Valentina Elezović , Isailović Tatjana , Antić Ivana Bozić , Ilić Dušan , Popović Bojana , Bogavac Tamara , Pekmezović Tatjana , Damjanović Svetozar
Published: September 2016

Background:Adrenal incidentalomas (AI) are clinically silent adrenal masses that are detected incidentally during imaging procedures performed for unrelated diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of subclinical hypercortisolism (SH) and associated co-morbidities in patients with unilateral AI (UAI) and bilateral AI (BAI).

Methods:We evaluated 152 patients, 105 (69.1%) with UAI and 47 (30.9%) with BAI. SH was diagnosed in the presence of serum cortisol levels after 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test (DST) or after 2-day low-dose DST (LDDST) > 50 nmol/L with at least one of the following parameters: midnight serum cortisol > 208 nmol/L, 24-h urinary free cortisol > 245 nmol/24 h, or ACTH < 10 ng/L. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN).

Results:Age, BMI, and waist circumference were comparable, and diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia occurred with similar frequency in both groups. The overall prevalence of SH was 20.5% based on post-1 mg DST, and 20.0% based on post-LDDST cortisol levels, and it was more prevalent in BAI than UAI patients (31.1%vs15.2%, respectively, p=0.026). LS BMD was lower in BAI than in UAI patients (0.96±0.14vs0.87±0.15, p=0.002). There were no differences in FN BMD. The prevalence of osteoporosis was higher in BAI compared to UAI patients (37.1%vs15.9%, respectively, p=0.011).

Conclusions:Patients with BAI had higher prevalence of SH and osteoporosis than those with UAI. Frequency of other co-morbidities was similar. This may be due to the higher degree of autonomous cortisol secretion or different tissue-specific sensitivity to glucocorticoids.
Depositional conditions on an alluvial fan at the turn of the Weichselian to the Holocene – a case study in the Żmigród Basin, southwest Poland
Authors: Zieliński Paweł , Sokołowski Robert J. , Fedorowicz Stanisław , Woronko Barbara , Hołub Beata , Jankowski Michał , Kuc Michał , Tracz Michał
Published: September 2016

Presented are the results of research into the fluvio-aeolian sedimentary succession at the site of Postolin in the Żmigród Basin, southwest Poland. Based on lithofacies analysis, textural analysis, Thermoluminescence and Infrared-Optical Stimulated Luminescence dating and GIS analysis, three lithofacies units were recognised and their stratigraphic succession identified: 1) the lower unit was deposited during the Pleni-Weichselian within a sand-bed braided river functioning under permafrost conditions within the central part of the alluvial fan; 2) the middle unit is the result of aeolian deposition and fluvial redeposition on the surface of the fan during long-term permafrost and progressive decrease of humidity of the climate at the turn of the Pleni- to the Late Weichselian; 3) the upper unit accumulated following the development of longitudinal dunes at the turn of the Late Weichselian to the Holocene; the development of dunes was interrupted twice by the form being stabilised by vegetation and soil development.
Factors influencing temporal changes in chemical composition of biogenic deposits in the middle Tążyna River Valley (Kuyavian Lakeland, central Poland)
Authors: Okupny Daniel , Rzepecki Seweryn , Borówka Ryszard Krzysztof , Forysiak Jacek , Twardy Juliusz , Fortuniak Anna , Tomkowiak Julita
Published: September 2016

The present paper discusses the influence of geochemical properties on biogenic deposits in the Wilkostowo mire near Toruń, central Poland. The analysed core has allowed the documentation of environmental changes between the older part of the Atlantic Period and the present day (probably interrupted at the turn of the Meso- and Neoholocene). In order to reconstruct the main stages in the sedimentation of biogenic deposits, we have used stratigraphic variability of selected litho-geochemical elements (organic matter, calcium carbonate, biogenic and terrigenous silica, macro- and micro-elements: Na, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr and Ni). The main litho-geochemical component is CaCO3; its content ranges from 4.1 per cent to 92 per cent. The variability of CaCO3content reflects mainly changes in hydrological and geomorphological conditions within the catchment area. The effects of prehistoric anthropogenic activities in the catchment of the River Tążyna, e.g., the use of saline water for economic purposes, are recorded in a change from calcareous gyttja into detritus-calcareous gyttja sedimentation and an increased content of lithophilous elements (Na, K, Mg and Ni) in the sediments. Principal component analysis (PCA) has enabled the distinction the most important factors that affected the chemical composition of sediments at the Wilkostowo site, i.e., mechanical and chemical denudation processes in the catchment, changes in redox conditions, bioaccumulation of selected elements and human activity. Sediments of the Wilkostowo mire are located in the direct vicinity of an archaeological site, where traces of intensive settlement dating back to the Neolithic have been documented. The settlement phase is recorded both in lithology and geochemical properties of biogenic deposits which fill the reservoir formed at the bottom of the Parchania Canal Valley.
Analyses of permeability and porosity of sedimentary rocks in terms of unconventional geothermal resource explorations in Poland
Authors: Sowiżdżał Anna , Semyrka Roman
Published: September 2016

Petrophysical investigations are fundamental to natural resource exploration. In order to recognise the geothermal potential of sedimentary rocks in central Poland, 259 samples were collected from prospective deep-lying geothermal reservoirs. Parameters measured include bulk density, skeletal density, effective porosity, permeability, average pore diameter and specific surface. Results indicate that at great depths (mostly > 3,000 m below surface) sedimentary rocks show low values of porosity (mainly less than 5%) and permeability (only sporadically in excess of 1 md). These values call for a petrothermal use of reservoirs, for which an Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) was developed. Reservoirs suited for the EGS are Carboniferous and Lower Triassic sandstones in the central part of Poland (Mogilno-Łódź Trough region and a small part of the Kujawy Swell and Fore-Sudetic regions). In addition, Carboniferous limestones in this area are potentially prospective.
Investigation on Effect of Air Velocity in Turbulent Non-Premixed Flames
Authors: Namazian Zafar , Hashemi Heidar , Namazian Farideh
Published: September 2016

In this study, the turbulent non-premixed methane-air flame is simulated to determine the effect of air velocity on the length of flame, temperature distribution and mole fraction of species. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique is used to perform this simulation. To solve the turbulence flow, k-ε model is used. In contrast to the previous works, in this study, in each one of simulations the properties of materials are taken variable and then the results are compared. The results show that at a certain flow rate of fuel, by increasing the air velocity, similar to when the properties are constant, the width of the flame becomes thinner and the maximum temperature is higher; the penetration of oxygen into the fuel as well as fuel consumption is also increased. It is noteworthy that most of the pollutants produced are NOx, which are strongly temperature dependent. The amount of these pollutants rises when the temperature is increased. As a solution, decreasing the air velocity can decrease the amount of these pollutants. Finally, comparing the result of this study and the other work, which considers constant properties, shows that the variable properties assumption leads to obtaining more exact solution but the trends of both results are similar.
Semi-Active Vibration Control of Laminated Composite Sandwich Plate – An Experimental Study
Authors: Manoharan R. , Vasudevan R. , Edwin Sudhagar P.
Published: September 2016

In this study, the vibration analysis of fully and partially treated laminated composite Magnetorheological (MR) fluid sandwich plates has been investigated experimentally. The natural frequencies of fully and partially treated laminated composite MR fluid sandwich plates have been measured at various magnetic field intensities under two different boundary conditions. The variations of natural frequencies with applied magnetic field, boundary conditions and location of MR fluid pocket have been explored. Further, a comparison of natural frequencies of fully and partially treated MR fluid sandwich structure has been made at various magnetic field intensities.
Dynamics and Stability of a Flexible, Slender Cylinder Flexibly Restrained at One End and Free at the Other and Subjected to Axial Flow
Authors: Kheiri Mojtaba
Published: September 2016

In this paper, Lagrange’s equations along with the Ritz method are used to obtain the equation of motion for a flexible, slender cylinder subjected to axial flow. The cylinder is supported only by a translational and a rotational spring at the upstream end, and at the free end, it is terminated by a tapering end-piece. The equation of motion is solved numerically for a system in which the translational spring is infinitely stiff, thus acting as a pin, while the stiffness of the rotational spring is generally non-zero. The dynamics of such a system with the rotational spring of an average stiffness is described briefly. Moreover, the effects of the length of the cylinder and the shape of the end-piece on the critical flow velocities and the modal shapes of the unstable modes are investigated.
Optimization on Turning Parameters of 15-5PH Stainless Steel Using Taguchi Based Grey Approach and Topsis
Authors: Palanisamy D. , Senthil P.
Published: September 2016

The machinability and the process parameter optimization of turning operation for 15-5 Precipitation Hardening (PH) stainless steel have been investigated based on the Taguchi based grey approach and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). An L27 orthogonal array was selected for planning the experiment. Cutting speed, depth of cut and feed rate were considered as input process parameters. Cutting force (Fz) and surface roughness (Ra) were considered as the performance measures. These performance measures were optimized for the improvement of machinability quality of product. A comparison is made between the multi-criteria decision making tools. Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) and TOPSIS are used to confirm and prove the similarity. To determine the influence of process parameters, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is employed. The end results of experimental investigation proved that the machining performance can be enhanced effectively with the assistance of the proposed approaches.
Distribution and ecology of bees on the Polish Baltic coast (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Apiformes)
Authors: Banaszak Józef
Published: September 2016

The present study provides data on the distribution of 128 bee species on the Polish Baltic coast. This brings the total number of species of Apiformes in this region to 164, including those that I reported earlier. The bee fauna of the Polish coast is characterized by a very high proportion of bumblebees and cuckoo bees (locally up to 70-80% of the total catch), and the dominant proportion of Megachilidae, especially Megachile species. The species diversity and dominance structure of the Apiformes differ between the western coast (a very high proportion of bumblebees) and the eastern coast (a large number of dominant species). These results confirm my earlier hypothesis regarding the maritime-continental gradient of bumblebee abundance, indicating that the densities of these insects are higher in NW Poland. This study is the first to assess bee densities on coastal dunes in Poland.
Contribution to the study of longhorns from New Caledonia, VI. Revision of the tribe Amphoecini Breuning, 1951 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae)
Authors: Vives Edueard , Sudre Jérôme
Published: September 2016

In this work the representatives of the tribe Amphoecini are revised. One new species, Amphoecus wanati sp. n., is described. The synonymy of A. metallicus and Cyananphoecus cyaneus is proposed. Finally, the New Zealand taxon, Gnomodes piceus, is moved from the tribe Aphneopini to the tribe Amphoecini.
Assessment of the Surgical Treatment Results in Patients with Colorectal Cancer in a District Hospital Versus Treatment Results in a Highly Specialized Center
Authors: Ciesielski Przemysław , Berut Maciej , Górnicki Krzysztof , Skoczylas Jacek , Gorajska Maja , Żuk Marcin , Rutkowski Andrzej , Dłubek Justyna , Dziki Adam
Published: September 2016

In Poland there there are about 15-16 thousand cases of colon cancer per year. The health care system allows the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer in highly specialized hospitals, oncology centers and district hospitals. The results of treatment within different reference level differ.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of surgical treatment of patients with colorectal cancer at a district hospitals compared with the results of highly specialized center.

Material and methods. A retrospective study. The material consisted of 171 consecutively operated patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer treated in the Department of Surgery, District Hospital in Wołomin. The control group consisted of 200 patients treated surgically at the Department of General and Colorectal Surgery, University Hospital in Łódź. In both centers, the patients were operated on by surgeons with experience in operations on the large bowel. The demographic data, information on the type of indication (elective vs emergent), and the severity of the disease by AJCC / TNM scale were collected. In the district hospital there were patients with more advanced disease (p <0.001), older (p = 0.0001), and often operated under emergent indication (p = 0.0001). The telephone survey collected data on survival or the date of death of the patient and set the percentage of five-year survival.

Results. The proportion of five-year survival in the study group and control group was respectively 46% and 71% (p <0.0001). The percentage of five-year survival among patients undergoing elective procedure in both centers were respectively for Wołomin and Łódź 58% and 73% (p = 0.008). The proportion of 5-year survival among “younger” patients (<70) was respectively in Wołomin and Łódź 64% and 81% (p = 0.004) for “older” patients with (> 70) 50% and 60% (p = 0.6747)

Conclusions. Overall results of surgical treatment of patients with colorectal cancer in the district hospital are inferior to treatment results in a highly specialized center. The population treated in the district hospital is statistically significantly different in comparison to patients treated in highly specialized center. The following differences were captured: severity of the disease, age and type of indication (elective vs emergent). The diffrences has an influence on the outcomes. The five years survival for patients > 70 years undergoing elective procedure is not statistically different between the district hospital and highly specialized center.
An Adolescent Girl with Giant Fibroadenoma – A Case Report
Authors: Ferdousee Ishrat , Arafat S.M. Yasir , Ahmed Zuhayer
Published: September 2016

Though fibroadenoma is the most common benign tumor of the breast and is more common under the age of 30, giant fibroadenoma is rare representing less than 4% of all fibroadenomas. A 12 years old girl presented with rapidly enlarging well-circumscribed firm, non-tender mass in right breast for 2 months which was painless and with no history of trauma, nipple discharge, fever, anorexia, weight loss or axillary lymphadenopathy. There was no family history of neoplasms. Clinically, the lump was about 12 × 12 cm and not fixed to skin or underlying structures with the absence of nipple retraction or discharge. There was no axillary lymphadenopathy. Fine needle aspiration cytology showed a benign proliferative breast disease. Total excision of mass was done preserving nipple and areola having weight of 535 gm with histopathological features suggestive of giant fibroadenoma. Giant fibroadenoma is a benign breast disease that may mimic rare malignant lesion. So, breast and nipple conserving surgery should always be performed irrespective of size of tumor as in this case.
Elective Surgery of Umbilical Hernia as a First Clinical Manifestation of a Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (Gist) – Case Report
Authors: Cybułka Bartosz , Golański Maciej , Rapeła Jacek , Wach Andrzej
Published: September 2016

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor is a rare pathology. GISTs account for 0.3-1% of all tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. At the same time, this type of cancer is the most common, malignant, non-epithelial tumor of the gastrointestinal tube. Over 90% of GISTs are found in the stomach and small intestine. This cancer usually develops without characteristic clinical symptoms and is diagnosed incidentally.

This clinical situation, in which the first symptom of a GIST-pattern tumor includes a fully-symptomatic, non-complicated umbilical hernia, is an unprecedented anomaly.

This work presents a case report of a 77-year old female patient undergoing elective surgery, in which the contents of the hernial sac included a stromal tumor. Disseminated, multi-focal progression of the disease was found intraoperatively.

Postoperative histopathology and immunohistochemistry revealed a gastrointestinal stromal tumor GIST of the spindle cell type, showing a CD-117, CD-34, SMA expression with possible starting point in the small intestine.
Head teacher professional networks in Italy: preliminary results of a national survey
Authors: Maurissens Isabel de , Repetto Manuela , Rosa Alessia , Pettenati Maria Chiara
Published: September 2016

In this article, we present the preliminary results of a national survey conducted by INDIRE on head teachers communities and professional networks. About one-fourth of the total population of Italian public school leaders participated in the survey. One of the main intents of this research is to contribute to understanding of the phenomenon of professional networks frequented by school leaders and to pave the way for a further reflection on how to use such networks for head teachers’ training so as to support their daily professional practice conducted too often in isolation.

This contribution is synergetic with what was envisaged by the new Italian school reform introduced with Law 107/2015 and, in particular, with the roles of the school leaders and the networks. This research is conducted within the INDIRE DsinRete2 research project.
Blended learning and bilingual education
Authors: Firpo Elena
Published: September 2016

The purpose of the applied research presented herein is to devise and promote language teaching paradigms that are intended to develop bilingual abilities in second-generation Latin Americans (aged 11-12 years) in the Italian middle school, thereby recovering their original linguistic background, while amplifying their knowledge of Italian, thus redefining a carefully balanced, pluralistic linguistic framework. Moreover, the study aims to establish a bilingual teaching model that may also be applied to different language pairings.

The LI.LO (acronym for Italian Language/Native Language) programme was designed and delivered in blended learning on Sybra/CLiRe (Centro Linguistico in Rete) platform of the University of Genoa and it focuses on the development of bilingual skills with respect to academic language, cognitive abilities, and computer competence. It promotes language proficiency and the complete integration of non-Italian, second-generation Latin American students.

The first part of the study illustrates Italian linguistic policies, underscoring the need to close the gap between the actual state of the Italian school system and extant norms. The second part of the study shows the theoretical and methodological assumptions of the blended model of the course LI.LO as well as the course activities. The third part of the article shows the results of the evaluation and self-evaluation questionnaires administered after the study’s completion.