bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine translation
Authors: Dias Esqueda Marileide , De Sousa Freitas Flavio
Published: June 2023

Conceived as a scientometric study, this paper searches for comprehending the research status of machine translation on the IEEE database from 1956 to 2019. Documents were analyzed considering a series of measures such as most prominent academic institutions and countries that investigate machine translation, citation, co-authorship, keywords co-occurrence, reference coupling, and textual-based analysis retrieved from the documents’ titles and abstracts. Through VOSviewer software and its tools for data collecting and visualization, machine translation research in the circumscribed database and period of time is focused on three main aspects: machine translation systems, statistical machine translation and English language.
Oral hygiene status among 5 to 15-year-old children stomatology National Hospital in Kabul city
Authors: Azimi Shamila
Published: June 2023

: The practice of oral hygiene needs to be strengthened during adolescence, a time when there is a significant change in habits, leading to an increase in the prevalence of tooth decay associated with less frequent brushing. The propose of the study is to determine the oral hygiene status in 5-15-year-old children, the lack of the previous data in this field is one the reasons for conducting this research so that we can provide accurate statistics data in Afghanistan.

: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out between 5-15-year-old in 431 children of stomatology national hospital of Kabul city. Sample size was selected randomly from both gender group which were 161 males and 270 females. Oral hygiene status was assessed by using simplified-oral hygiene index. Gingival index (loe and silness, 1963) was used for assessing gingival status. dmf and DMF for decayed, missed and filled teeth in primary and permanent dentition used to assess the prevalence of dental caries. Statistical analysis done by SPSS .20.

21.2% of children had good oral hygiene status, 65.2% fair oral hygiene and 13.6% had poor oral hygiene. The mean OHI-S was 2.4±1.19. There is no Statistical significant difference between gender and oral hygiene status (p<0.05). The prevalence of dental caries was 80.9%. Boys mean dmf was 4.15±3.03 and it was in girls 3.05±2.67, that shows higher prevalence of dental caries in boys than girls. Overall mean of dmf scores was 3.48±2.86. 173 (40.9%) had normal gums. 31.6% of children not brush their teeth, 37.4% brush once in a day.

: Oral hygiene status was fair in more than half of the sample size. High prevalence of dental caries seen in males. Dental caries is a major public health problem and an active and effective dental care prevention program for children is needed.
Prosthetic rehabilitation of midface defect using two hollow component magnet retained silicone prosthesis: Case report
Authors: Lanzara Rajat , Kumar Dinesh , Viswambaran M
Published: June 2023

Body abnormalities that compromise form, function or aesthetics can make an individual incapable of leading a relatively normal life. Facial disfigurement may occur as a result of a congenital anomaly, trauma or tumor surgery. The defects can be rehabilitated surgically or with the help of prosthesis. Many situations due to size or the location of defect or because of patient’s medical condition, surgical reconstruction is not possible. In these cases rehabilitation is done using maxillofacial prosthesis. This case report describes a complete prosthetic rehabilitation of mid face defect secondary to surgery. The intraoral maxillary defect was rehabilitated using velopharyngeal prosthesis and extraoral cheek defect was corrected using custom made two component hollow silicone prosthesis. The rehabilitation restored mastication, speech, swallowing, aesthetics as well as social and psychological status of the patient.
Keep it simple: correction of anterior cross bite – an ortho-perio interdisciplinary approach
Authors: Younus A Abrar , Nausheer Ahmed  , Shetty K Shreya
Published: June 2023

This case report explores the treatment of a 13-year-old male patient with severe dental crowding and periodontal issues using non-extraction orthodontic treatment combined with a root coverage procedure. The patient presented with a skeletal class 1 base malocclusion, and multiple anterior crossbites, along with a compromised lower central incisor and gingival recession. Despite the option of extraction, the patient declined this approach, and the final goal was to achieve stable class 1 occlusion and an improved smile.

The treatment plan utilized pre-adjusted edgewise appliance (MBT 0.022 inch slot), distalization of the canine, inversion of the maxillary right lateral bracket, and the cautious use of open coil spring in the upper and lower anterior segments. After alignment was completed, a root coverage procedure was performed on the lower right central incisor. The treatment lasted for 20 months, and the results showed successful alignment of both arches, canine protected occlusion, and improved periodontal health.

Overall, this case report highlights the complex relationship between orthodontic treatment and periodontal health and the importance of careful treatment planning and patient communication to achieve successful and stable results. The non-extraction approach combined with root coverage procedure proved to be an effective treatment option for this patient, leading to an improved occlusion, smile, and periodontal health.
REVISITING SAUDI UNIVERSITY EFL LEARNERS’ ENGAGEMENT TO TEACHERS WRITTEN CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK FROM A SOCIO-COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE
Authors: M. Ismail Sayed , Nasri Mehdi , Salem Ahmed
Published: June 2023

The empirical studies addressing learners’ engagement to teachers’ corrective feedback on their writing tasks in the Saudi EFL context as well as its impact on the students’ improvement of writing skill are still a few.   Therefore, the proposed research project aims to empirically address the Saudi EFL learners’ responses to teachers’ written corrective feedback on their writing tasks. Addressing the EFL learners’ engagement in the teachers’ written feedback is a key issue in improving learners’ writing skills. As a result, the proposed project attempts to measure Saudi learners’ engagement with their learners’ feedback from a multi-dimension perspective; learners’ uptake, affective engagement, cognitive engagement, and meta-cognitive engagement, and behavioral engagement. Investigating the learners’ responses to their teacher’s feedback, the proposed project uses a socio-cognitive method that contributes to realizing the differences in EFL responses toward their teacher’s corrective feedback. The proposed study relies on different sources of data that include students’ writing assignments, semi-structured questionnaires. The sample of the study consists of  90 elementary level students belonging to the applied college at PSAU, 30 pre-intermediate students belonging to Business administration College, and 30 intermediate level students belonging to the college of humanities and sciences. The collected data reflect to what extent learners are engaged with the corrective feedback of their teachers, which can be  partly accounted for their ideas and experiences about the written corrective feedback  and second language writing and the learning context in which the feedback was received and processed. The findings of the research projects proposes that the EFL instructors should have a deeper understanding of the students’ cognitive and behavioral, engagement, feedback processing. This deeper understanding of students’ responses to written correct feedback would largely contribute to improving learners’ writing skills.
THE FORMATION OF A COMPETENT APPROACH AS THE BASIS OF THE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE FUTURE TEACHER OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Rybalko Petro , Bychkov Oleksandr , Maksymenko Liudmyla , Shcherbyna Svitlana , Ivanova Viktoriia
Published: June 2023

The article analyzes various approaches of scientists to define the essence of the concept of the teacher's professional competence and its components. It is specified that the professional competence of a physical education teacher is a complex complex that includes professional knowledge, skills, readiness for activity, as well as a number of professionally important personal qualities such as: creativity, mobility, sociability, tolerance, balance, sensitivity, benevolence, striving for self-knowledge, self-development and self-realization, self-reflection, etc. The specifics of activity and requirements for a modern physical education teacher are analyzed. The relevance of the teacher's professional competence as an indicator of readiness for the profession of physical education teacher in a modern educational institution is substantiated.
POSITIVES AND DIFFICULTIES STATUS OF VISUALLY IMPAIRED STUDENTS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASS SPECIAL HIGH SCHOOL HO CHI MINH CITY, VIETNAM
Authors: Tan Phong Do
Published: June 2023

In this study, visually impaired pupils in special schools in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, have their physical fitness state, reasons for exercising, and challenges in physical education (PE) courses examined. The study's findings were analyzed using interview techniques, sports measurement, and SPSS 20.0 software. 52 11â€“14-year-old adolescents who are visually challenged participated in the study. The study's findings demonstrate that Vietnamese kids of the same age who are typical in height and heart function are outperformed by handicapped pupils, but that their physical strength is weaker. The study also highlighted several good aspects, like the curiosity of the visually challenged children and their challenges in physical education classes.
Bioactivity of Artemisia vulgaris Essential Oil and Two of Its Constituents Against the Red Flour Beetle (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Gao Shanshan , Guo Mengyi , Yin Yang , Zhang Xinyi , Zhang Yonglei , Zhang Kunpeng
Published: June 2023

Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is one of the most destructive pests of stored products. Although there have been studies on the potential use of essential oils from plants in the Artemisia genus as insecticides, no comprehensive bioactivity data are available on the efficacy of Artemisia vulgaris L. (Asterales: Asteraceae) essential oil and its chemical constituents on stored-product pests. Therefore, in this study, the bioactivity of A. vulgaris essential oil and its chemical constituents, eugenol and terpinen-4-ol, against T. castaneum were determined by contact, fumigant, and repellent bioassays. Analysis of contact and fumigant bioassays showed that A. vulgaris essential oil, eugenol, and terpinen-4-ol have contact and fumigant toxicities against T. castaneum, of which terpinen-4-ol has a strong killing effect on larvae and adults, suggesting that terpinen-4-ol may be the main active component of A. vulgaris essential oil in contact and fumigant effects. Additionally, A. vulgaris essential oil and eugenol have higher repellent activity against T. castaneum larvae and adults, whereas the repellent activity of terpinen-4-ol is low, indicating that the main component of A. vulgaris essential oil in repellence may be eugenol. These results further provide relevant theoretical basis for the development of plant essential oil pesticides.
Evaluation of Systemic Insecticides in Protecting Container-Grown Nursery Plants from Damage Caused by Field-Collected Populations of Redheaded Flea Beetle, Systena frontalis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Adults
Authors: Cloyd Raymond A. , Herrick Nathan J.
Published: June 2023

Systena frontalis (F.) is a major insect pest of nursery production systems in the Midwest, Northeast, and Southeast regions of the United States. Adults feed on plant leaves, which reduces salability of nursery-grown plants. There are limited options available to protect plants from S. frontalis adult feeding damage, and foliar insecticide applications are labor intensive. Systemic insecticides applied to the growing medium may protect plants from S. frontalis adult feeding. Consequently, in 2021 and 2022, we conducted two laboratory and two greenhouse experiments to determine if the systemic insecticides thiamethoxam, dinotefuran, cyantraniliprole, acephate, imidacloprid, and cyfluthrin + imidalcoprid protect plants from feeding by field-collected populations of S. frontalis adults. In the laboratory experiments, growing medium containing Itea plants was treated with the aforementioned systemic insecticides. Seven and 25 d after the treatments were applied, leaves were collected and placed into Petri dishes with a single S. frontalis adult. In the greenhouse experiments, Itea plants were placed into observation cages. Eight S. frontalis adults were released into each cage with an Itea plant. In the laboratory experiments, treatments associated with thiamethoxam and dinotefuran resulted in 100% mortality of S. frontalis adults after 72 h. In the greenhouse experiments, thiamethoxam, dinotefuran, and acephate protected plants from S. frontalis adult feeding 7 d after applying the systemic insecticide treatments. Therefore, systemic insecticides can mitigate feeding damage caused by S. frontalis adults on nursery-grown plants.
Imagery and social representations of the Coronavirus pandemic in East African press: A critical content analysis of The East African newspaper
Authors: Kodak Benard , Atieno Oduor Juliet
Published: June 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to be a phenomenon intersecting different parts of the world. The East African Community which prides itself for enabling socio-economic, political and cultural integration between its member states has had to deal with uncertainties caused by misinformation about the pandemic, which in turn threaten to derail its objectives. In line with this, The East African newspaper stands out as a leading provider of information concerning each of the countries in the community. And although a report in the MarketWatch (2023) indicates that the World Health Organization expects to declare end of the pandemic some time in 2023 as the virus has become more like seasonal flu, The East African newspaper which has established itself as a leading provider of information covering the five (5) member states of the East African Community has continually reported on the pandemic. How this publication represents the pandemic can influence how its readers understand it. Thus, guided by the Social Representation Theory (SRT) and employing a critical content analysis approach, this paper examines how the newspaper uses imagery in creating social representations about the pandemic. This study contributes to the discourse of media representations of pandemics.
Hydrolyzed VCO Cream Reduces Neutrophil Number and Increases Angiogenesis in Mid Dermal Burn Wound Healing
Authors: Patinggi Septin Kamilia , Bakhtiar Yuriz , Budijitno Selamat , Susilaningsih Neni , Bahrudin Udin
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: Researches on plant active substances are conducted to find effective topical drugs for mid dermal burns wound. The 70% hydrolyzed VCO (hVCO) cream has been known to accelerate macroscopic healing of mid dermal burns compared to 30% and 50% hVCO creams. This study was conducted to further investigate the effectiveness of 70% hVCO cream and find the most effective doses of hVCO to heal mid dermal burns based on the macroscopic diameter, neutrophil number and angiogenesis.METHODS: Thirty mid dermal burns-induced male Rattus norvegicus were randomly divided into 6 groups that were either treated with 70% hVCO cream, 100% hVCO cream, or basic cream for 6 or 12 days. Macroscopic appearance of mid dermal burn was documented, and the diameter was calculated. Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) examination was conducted to measure the neutrophil and angiogenesis in mid dermal burn wound.RESULTS: The decrease of wound macroscopic size was found to be significant after 6 and 12 days of treatment (p=0.004 and p<0.001, respectively), with the smallest diameter was found in 70% hVCO group. The lowest number of neutrophils was found in the 70% hVCO group at day-6 (p=0.039) and day-12 (p=0.013). There was a significant increase of angiogenesis at day-12 (p=0.025) with the highest value obtained in the 70% hVCO group.CONCLUSION: The 70% hVCO decreases the wound macroscopic size, decreases neutrophil number, and increases angiogenesis compared to the 100% hVCO. Hence, 70% hVCO isshown to be the most effective dose in accelerating mid dermal burns wound healing andcan be explored further as topical medication.KEYWORDS: hVCO, neutrophil, angiogenesis, wound healing
Testicular Volumes Measurement Comparison by Ultrasound and Orchidometer and Its Relationship with Nutritional Status in Transfusion-dependent Thalassemia
Authors: Mulyadi Rahmad , Prihartono Joedo , Yunir Em , Lubis Dian Anindita , Yunus Reyhan Eddy
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: One type of thalassemia known as transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) requires a lifelong blood transfusion. Iron overload from prolonged blood transfusions causes nutritional disorders and several organs impairment, including the testicles. In contrast to an orchidometer, ultrasound shows more details of the testicles. This study aimed to compare testicular volumes based on ultrasound and orchidometer measurements and correlate testicular volume with nutritional status in TDT patients.METHODS: A cross-sectional study including 27 male thalassemia subjects who underwent routine check-ups was conducted. Measurements of testicular volume using an orchidometer and ultrasound, and body mass index (BMI) was performed. Ultrasound measurement of testicular volume was calculated using the Lambert Formula, while the orchidometer was performed by matching the bead next to the testicle.RESULTS: Most subjects were underweight (63%) or normal weight (37%). However, no significant correlation between BMI and testicular volume was found. As measured using an orchidometer, the mean volume of the right and left testes were 9.22±4.92 mL and 8.67±4.45 mL, respectively. Ultrasound measurement showed the mean values of the right and left testicles were 7.68±3.96 mL and 7.09±4.03 mL, respectively. Testicular measurements obtained using ultrasound showed a significant difference (p<0.05) when compared with the orchidometer. The testicle measured by ultrasound was smaller, which was more accurate. However, the comparison between the right and the left testicular volumes showed no significance.CONCLUSION: Thalassemia patients are mainly underweight, and their nutritional status have no relationship with testicular volume. Ultrasound, as compared to an orchidometer, is better for measuring testicular volume.KEYWORDS: thalassemia, testicle, orchidometer, ultrasound, body mass index
Turismo y enfermedades contagiosas e infecciosas, una revisión bibliométrica
Authors: Barón Chivara Jesús Alexis , Cote Daza Sandra Patricia , Rodas Quintero Julia , Rodríguez Ruge Elías , Obando Parra Diego Alexander
Published: June 2023

La pandemia del COVID-19 ha generado diferentes impactos en el mundo, y las medidas de confinamiento implementadas han hecho del turismo uno de los últimos sectores en reactivarse, lo cual ha afectado de forma directa a los países que dependen de él en su economía. Ante este contexto, se analizan las medidas que se han utilizado en situaciones similares y las investigaciones que se han desarrollado al respecto. Para abordar de forma rigurosa la revisión, se efectuó un análisis bibliométrico de las investigaciones relacionadas con el turismo y las enfermedades infecciosas y contagiosas, para lo cual se utilizaron diferentes bases de datos académicas, como Scopus, Web of Science y Science Direct. Los resultados evidencian que, en los años en los que se presentaron crisis por alguna enfermedad, el número de publicaciones aumentó, por ejemplo, en el año 2020, con el COVID-19. El VIH-SIDA es una de las enfermedades con mayor relación con el turismo, lo mismo pasa con la malaria y el SARS.
Poesía peruana : entre la fundación de su modernidad y finales del siglo XX
Authors: Pollarolo Giovanna , Fernando Chueca Luis
Published: June 2023

El presente volumen ofrece una mirada amplia y renovada de la poesía peruana, desde la fundación de su modernidad en la segunda década del siglo XX hasta la poesía escrita entre finales del XX e inicios del XXI. Para ello, ese recorrido se incia con José María Eguren y César Vallejo, nuestros poetas fundadores; continúa con los procesos del vanguardismo y el indigenismo de los años veinte, el desarrollo del surrealismo peruana y el estudio de la obra de Martín Adán, cuyos primeros textos se desarrollan en diálogo estrecho con las vanguardias, para proseguir con las promociones de poetas que aparecen hacia los años cuarenta, cincuenta y el nuevo proyecto modernizador inciado en los años sesenta. En este proceso consideramos luego el auge de los colectivos poéticos y su desdibujamiento a fines del siglo XX, la importancia de la perspectiva de género en la escritura de mujeres en los ochenta y las representaciones de la violencia política en la producción poética de las últimas décadas. El tomo se cierra con la revisión de producciones textuales que, desde sus vínculos con la oralidad, ponen en cuestión las concepciones habituales sobre la literatura y la poesía.
Ser humano : ensayo de antropología cristológica
Authors: Simons Camino Alberto
Published: June 2023

En este libro, Simons se pregunta por nuestra humanidad y la humanidad de Jesús, tratando de que se iluminen mutuamente, pues el enigma que somos se esclarece en el misterio de Jesús, aunque parezca paradójico.
El sincretismo iberoamericano : un estudio comparativo sobre los quechuas (Cusco), los mayas (Chiapas) y los africanos (Bahía)
Authors: Marzal Manuel M.
Published: June 2023

Esta obra analiza un tema poco estudiado, el catolicismo sincrético de Iberoamérica. Aunque la mayoría de los indios y muchos negros, a raíz de la conquista europea, se bautizaron y acabaron aceptando el catolicismo impuesto por los misioneros, sin embargo ciertas etnias de las altas culturas americanas de México y Perú y los negros de los países que recibieron mayor población esclava, Brasil, Cuba y Haití, conservaron, junto a creencias y ritos cristianos, muchos elementos de sus religiones originales, formando sistemas sincréticos, que siguen siendo un problema teórico para las ciencias sociales y un problema pastoral para la Iglesia católica. Este libro trata precisamente de analizar este problema. Para ello el autor ha elegido tres sociedades americanas, los quechuas de Cusco (Perú), los mayas de Chiapas (México) y los africanos de Bahía (Brasil), por considerarlas representativas del sincretismo como formas de resistencia cultural. --Nota del editor.
Gente de la tierra de guerra : los Lipes en las tradiciones andinas y el imaginario colonial
Authors: Martínez C. José
Published: June 2023

José Luis Martínez C. dedica este trabajo al estudio de un conjunto de poblados indígenas conocidos colonialmente como «lipes» que habitaban en un sector del altiplano meridional andino, en los bordes del salar de Uyuni y hacia el sur del mismo.
La gente del valle caliente : dualidad y reforma agraria entre los runakuna (quechua hablantes) de la sierra peruana
Authors: Skar Harald O.
Published: June 2023

Este libro representa una contribución a la bibliografía sobre los indios de habla quechua de la sierra peruana y a la bibliografía que se refiere a la Reforma Agraria Peruana de 1969. Si bien algunos autores (Mishkin 1946, Stein 1961) han descrito la cultura tradicional de los quechuas y muchos otros (por ejemplo Lowenthal 1975 y Chaplin 1976) se han ocupado de la Reforma Agraria como un fenómeno macroperuano, muy pocos estudios han intentado relacionar la Reforma Agraria a la cultura quechua o han señalado el problema de la naturaleza del impacto de la Reforma sobre esa cultura.
The Haitian Media System and its Main Characteristics: A Model of the Precarious System of Democratic Transition
Authors: Panier Wisnique
Published: June 2023

This book presents a new theoretical model of a media system called: the model of the precarious system of democratic transition. The latter is based on fifteen parameters that characterize the Haitian media system and the environment in which it evolves. This is a significant contribution to advancing knowledge in media studies and public communication in general. After carefully analyzing different models of media systems existing in the scientific literature, including the three models proposed by Halin and Mancini (2004), the author concludes that none of them applies to the typical Haitian case. His study confirms the limitations of media system models resulting from Halin and Mancini’s comparative studies in the context of Western countries. It is a real reference document that gives an unprecedented reading grid to analyze the media systems of non-Western countries, particularly African or Latin American countries, which have characteristics similar to that of Haiti. Indeed, in his doctoral thesis, the author concluded that the Haitian media system has transformed over the past 60 years under the influence of three sets of factors: linguistics, democratic and technological. Nevertheless, he comes to the conclusion that the changes observed are only in the relations between the actors of the system without leading to a reconfiguration of the system. The main characteristics of the Haitian media system and its environment remained unchanged from 1957 to 2022. So, there is an inertia that keeps the system in an initial state.
Apuntes de estructuras algebraicas
Authors: Sepúlveda Delgado Omaida , Serna Vanegas Robinson Julian , González Gutiérrez Nelsy Rocío
Published: June 2023

El presente libro está diseñado para ser utilizado en un curso básico de estructuras algebraicas. El texto ofrece un panorama general de las estructuras de grupo, anillo, módulo y R-álgebra, y está diseñado para ser utilizado en un curso de un semestre académico (16 semanas). El capítulo 1 provee las nociones básicas y ejemplos de grupos de simetrías, tablas de grupo, conjuntos generadores y diagramas de Cayley. En este capítulo, nos enfocamos más en la conceptualización y visualización básica de los grupos que en la formalidad. Los capítulos 2 y 3, por otro lado, exponen las nociones básicas de subgrupo, subgrupo normal, isomorfismo, homomorfismos y grupo cociente, ofreciendo una perspectiva intuitiva de estos conceptos desde el coloreo de tablas de grupo y los diagramas de Cayley. El capítulo 4 está dedicado a presentar un panorama general de la teoría de anillos desde lo estudiado en los capítulos anteriores e incluyendo nociones nuevas, como los ideales primos y maximales. Finalmente, el libro introduce y provee ejemplos de R-módulos, R-submódulos y R-álgebras en el capítulo 5, apuntando a casos específicos como los Z-módulos (o grupos abelianos) y los F[x]-módulos, con el fin de despertar el interés del lector para continuar su estudio del álgebra. El texto se basa en la idea de “aprender haciendo”, lo que permite que el estudiante redescubra por sí mismo ejemplos y propiedades básicas de estas estructuras. Además, se han formulado preguntas, actividades de clase y ejercicios a medida que se avanza en la exposición, con el fin de que el estudiante tenga un rol activo dentro del aula.
Key Considerations: Humanitarian Response to the Kahramanmaraş Earthquake in Syria
Authors: Ekzayez Abdulkarim
Published: June 2023

On 6 February 2023, an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.8 on the Richter scale brought destruction to southern Türkiye and northern Syria. The official death toll exceeded 50,000, with more than 7,000 fatalities occurring in Syria.1 An estimated 12 million people were affected by the earthquake in total.2 While international aid from the UN and member countries started reaching government-held areas in Syria soon after the earthquake struck, equitable access to humanitarian assistance faced multiple barriers. International support to areas not controlled by the government was markedly delayed, with the first UN delegation arriving on the fifth day after the earthquake. Despite this, several good practices were documented in the local response in Northwest Syria. Equipped with over 12 years of experience in a chronic conflict, many Syrian non-governmental organisations (NGO) and grassroots organisations were quick to respond, forming new alliances and consortia. If these were developed further to cover a variety of local actors, they could act as a vehicle for international aid. Such a model would enable sustainable interventions to address the impact of the earthquake and long-term vulnerabilities, increasing community resilience. This brief examines the humanitarian response to the earthquake in Syria – specifically in the health sector – with the aim of identifying best practices, highlighting gaps and exploring new approaches to strengthen the response. It draws on academic and grey literature, including reports from leading NGOs and government agencies. The evidence is backed up by consultations and informal conversations held with stakeholders involved in the earthquake response in Syria. The brief was requested by SSHAP and was written by Dr Abdulkarim Ekzayez (King’s College London), with support from Diane Duclos (the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) and Soha Karam (Anthrologica).
Efficacia e sicurezza del vaccino a mRNA anti SARS-CoV-2 nelle persone che vivono con HIV.
Authors: De Vito Andrea , al. et
Published: June 2023

In letteratura sono disponibili pochi studi sull’efficacia e la sicurezza dei vaccini a mRNA nelle persone che vivono con l’infezione da HIV (PWH). Con lo scopo di valutare lo sviluppo di anticorpi per SARS-CoV-2 nelle PWH, dopo la vaccinazione, abbiamo svolto uno studio prospettico, arruolando le PWH che sono state vaccinate tra marzo e luglio 2021. Tutti sono stati vaccnati con BNT162b2 (Cominarty®), due dosi a distanza di 21 giorni. Abbiamo valutato la presenza di anticorpi per SARS-CoV-2 prima della prima dose (T0 e T1) e 12 settimane dopo la seconda dose (T2). Il dosaggio degli anticorpi è stat effettuato con LIAISON® SARS-CoV-2 TrimericS IgG di DiaSorin. In aggiunta, le cellule ematiche sono state esaminate a T0, T1 e T2.
Abbiamo incluso 185 PWH, di età mediana 54 anni (interquartile range 46-58; di questi, 52 (28.1%) erano donne. Per quanto riguarda i fattori di rischio, 62 (33.5%) erano stati utilizzatori di droghe endovenose (PWID). Al basale, 21 (11.3%) PWH risultavano aver già avuto un’infezione da SARS-CoV-2, 17 (9.2%) avevano HIV RNA rilevabile. Solo 7 (3.8%) avevano una conta dei CD4 <200 CD4 cells/mm3.
175 (94.6%) PWH hanno sviluppato IgG dopo la prima dose, e 184 (99.5%) dopo la seconda. Lo sviluppo di IgG era più alto nelle persone con precedente infezione da SARS-CoV-2, mentre era più basso nelle PWID, nei fumatori, nelle persone con basso nadir dei CD4, e in chi aveva HIV RNA rilevabile. 127 (68.6%) e  146 (78.9%) PWH hanno riportato eventi avversi dopo la prima e la seconda dose, rispettivamente, con una prevalenza più alta tra chi aveva avuto una precedente infezione da SARS-CoV-2 (95% vs 76.8%, p<0.001).
A tre mesi dalla seconda dose del vaccino anti-SARS-CoV-2, 99.5% delle PWH avevano IgG rilevabili, suggerendo che le due dosi di vaccino, somministrate a distanza di 21 giorni sono critiche per ottenere tassi ottimali di seroconversione nelle PWH.
Application of Machine Learning to Analyze the Technical Characteristics and Parameters of the Rolling Stock in Operation on High-Speed Railway Lines
Authors: Sychugov Anton
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Machine learning is one of the most popular technologies at the present time, which finds application in various industries. One such industry is rail transport, where machine learning can significantly improve the management of locomotives and electric trains. The article is devoted to the study of the possibility of using machine learning to analyze the technical characteristics and parameters of the rolling stock using electric trains operating on high-speed railway lines as an example. The article discusses machine learning mechanisms for data analysis, as well as offers practical recommendations for using machine learning for data analysis on railway transport. Methods: The k-means method is one of the most popular machine learning algorithms for clustering, which allows to split a dataset into k similar groups or clusters. The algorithm is based on finding the centroids (mean values) of each cluster and assigning objects to the cluster that has the closest centroid. Depending on the choice of the initial values of the centroids and the parameters of the algorithm, the partitioning of data into clusters can be different. In addition, k-means is a relatively easy-to-implement and efficient clustering algorithm that can be used as an initial estimate for more complex clustering algorithms; The linear regression method is a statistical algorithm used to determine the relationship between two continuous variables. The algorithm uses a linear function that describes the relationship between the dependent variable and one or more independent variables. Results: Algorithm for processing and primary analysis of the characteristics and parameters of high-speed rolling stock, the results of parameter clustering, a technique for predicting the technical characteristics of prospective high-speed rolling stock. Practical significance: The methods of application of machine learning for the analysis of technical characteristics and parameters of the operated rolling stock on high-speed railway lines are shown. The methods will allow to substantiate and predict the necessary characteristics when developing technical requirements for high-speed transport in Russia. Using machine learning, it is possible to improve the accuracy of calculating the technical and economic models of high-speed highways, and further reduce the cost of operating rolling stock.
Automatic Speed Control System of a Hump-Shunting Diesel Locomotive
Authors: Zhuravlev Sergey , Pudovikov Oleg
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The importance of developing automatic speed control systems for hump-shunting diesel locomotives is demonstrated. Using as an example a shunting diesel locomotive of Type TEM7A a mathematical description is provided of electric power transmission as a final controlling element of the automatic control system and of a train as a control object. A flow-chart of the control system is generated and the system’s principle of operation is designed so as to ensure the main requirements to the hump-shunting locomotives are met. The PI speed controller is developed with parameters that provide for a maximum second-order integral accuracy of speed control. Methods: Controller’s optimum values are found using the Monte Carlo simulation. Results: The results of a simulation modeling are presented. Practical significance: The designed control system is found to ensure a smooth transient response and to maintain a given value of speed within the range of 15 km/h when pushing over a hump or at breaking up, providing for an increased shunting capacity of new generation hump yards featuring shunting control systems.
Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Development of the Road Network
Authors: Pegin Pavel , Nemchinov Dmitriy , Il'in Aleksey
Published: June 2023

Purpose: To identify the influence of the following factors on the level of socio-economic development, both of individual regions and the country as a whole: administrative and functional affiliation of highways, transport and operational characteristics of highways and the state of the road economy. Methods: Analysis and synthesis of the results regarding the impact of highways on the level of socio-economic development of the state. Results: Flow-charts have been developed showing the impact of highways on the country’s economy, the level of its defense capability, welfare and social opportunities of its residents. Practical significance: The results obtained can be used to improve the values of macro and micro economic indicators of regions.
Calculation Method for Determining Losses in Electric Locomotive Asynchronous Traction Motor under Changing Load
Authors: Zarif'yan Aleksandr , Kolpahch'yan Pavel
Published: June 2023

Purpose: In the work [1], an experimental study of the energy efficiency of electric locomotive asynchronous traction drive under changing load has been carried out. In this article, the task is to develop a method for calculating the losses in an asynchronous traction motor (ATM) when powered by a converter, depending on the changing load. Methods: When ATM is powered by a converter and voltages and currents are non-sinusoidal, the determination of losses is a difficult problem, since a significant number of factors must be taken into account. An approach based on the separation of losses and the utilization of experimental results has been employed. To calculate the losses, an approach used in the theory of electrical machines has been applied. It is based on the separation of losses, which consist of electrical (losses in copper), magnetic (losses in steel), mechanical and additional ones. Since the stator current contains higher harmonics, the electrical losses in the stator winding are determined taking into account the effect of current displacement. To ascertain the magnitude of magnetic losses, the harmonic composition of the flux linkage in the air gap is determined, the losses from each harmonic are calculated and summarized. Additional losses in the nominal mode are considered equal to 0.5% of the ATM power. The total loss in the ATM is determined by the summation of all the specified losses. The results of the DTA-1100 type traction motors tests according to the mutual load scheme given in [1] have been used as initial information for calculating the losses. Results: First of all, the losses in the DTA-1100 traction motor have been calculated when operating in the nominal mode. The obtained efficiency value, equal to 0.962, is in good agreement with the passport data of the engine, which is declared as 0.96. Further, the losses in the ATD when operating in variable modes are determined by calculation. A pattern of calculated losses depending on the power on the motor shaft has been established, which practically coincide with the losses found during tests on the stand, in the entire range of loads. Practical significance: The proposed method is inherently universal, and the reliability of the results obtained is confirmed by comparison with the experiment. The technique can be used to determine the energy efficiency of asynchronous traction motors of domestic electric and diesel-electric locomotives and electric trains.
O mercado de trabalho no Pará
Authors: Trindade José Raimundo Barreto , Borges Gedson Thiago do Nascimento
Published: June 2023

Integrado primeiro ao mercado internacional e depois ao nacional, a marca do Pará é a produção primária destinada à exportação, com ocupações informais (sem vínculo empregatício), complementada por atividades extrativistas destinadas à demanda interna, como o açaí. A dinâmica econômica neoextrativista exportadora aprisiona, histórica e socialmente, a economia regional num circuito de baixa capacidade de inclusão social e de elevado empobrecimento da população paraense, exemplo de um padrão de desenvolvimento periférico (dependente e excludente). Além da exploração de produtos da biodiversidade, como o cacau nativo, e o cultivo da cana-de-açúcar, a economia do Pará também se baseou recentemente na produção de soja e palma, na pecuária empresarial e na exploração de minérios. A questão que norteia as análises neste artigo refere-se às alterações ocorridas nas últimas duas décadas na estrutura ocupacional e nas relações de trabalho, considerando esse padrão de desenvolvimento primário-exportador. O uso de estatísticas descritivas com base na Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNADC, 2012 a 2020), junto com as Contas Regionais e de Comércio Exterior, possibilitou uma análise do mercado de trabalho estadual, sem desconsiderar outros aspectos centrais socioeconômicos.
Implementation of Progressive Law in Sharia Banking Dispute Settlement: Case Study of Religious Court Decisions in Indonesia
Authors: Hidayah Nur , Azis Abdul
Published: June 2023

This research aims to analyze the extent to which judges have applied progressive legal paradigm in deciding Sharia banking disputes and the extent to which the decisions have fulfilled the principles of legal certainty, justice, and value. This normative legal research uses statutory and case study approaches by analyzing Sharia banking dispute decisions obtained from the website of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia. This research found that decisions based on textual legal interpretations tend to less implement progressive law, lacking of accommodating people's sense of justice as they put more emphasis on legal certainty. Meanwhile, decisions based on contextual legal interpretations tend to implement progressive law by prioritizing legal justice rather than legal certainty, more accommodating people’s sense of justice. Such different decisions are partly attributed to the different interpretations of judges due to different levels of competence and different understanding of Sharia among the judges. By participating in integrated and sustainable training, judges can improve their competence to deleiver justice for all concerned parties.
Perspectives of prevention and treatment of parastomal hernia-what do we really know and where should we go?
Authors: Berger Dieter
Published: June 2023

Parastomal hernia is a frequent complication after ostomy formation, causing a significant reduction of the quality of life of patients. In contrast to surgical dogmas dealing with the surgical technique of ostomy formation, mesh-based prophylaxis of parastomal hernia seemed to be effective, leading to the strong recommendation in the European Hernia Society(EHS) guidelines. More recent studies do not favor prophylaxis of parastomal hernia anymore, mainly due to the lack of clearly differentiating the techniques. The mostly used keyhole technique (flat mesh) cannot be equated with the “chimney technique” (3-dimensional mesh) that can be easily performed laparoscopically. Very recent results of the Finnish Randomized Study showed a dramatic reduction of parastomal hernia using the chimney technique. Concerning therapy of parastomal hernia, the chimney technique was also revealed to be effective. The laparoscopic “sandwich technique” should also be used therapeutically with very promising mid- and long-term results and seems to be superior to any other approaches. In a conclusion, investigating the prevention of parastomal hernia should clearly differentiate between the keyhole and chimney techniques and adopt strict technical standardization. Therapy of parastomal hernia should be based on the most effective sandwich or the chimney technique in specialized centers, according to recent registry results. Both techniques are based on the intraperitoneal placement of meshes requiring 3-dimensionality or the possibility of overlapping two meshes. Up to now, these requirements are only fulfilled by meshes made by polyvinylidene fluoride.
PESAN NOSTALGIA MARKETING DALAM KONTEN INSTAGRAM (STUDI PADA FOLLOWERS JRNY COFFEE AND RECORDS)
Authors: Putri Felicia Ratriana
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Nostalgia is becoming a trend in various fields, which is shown through popular culture in the past, popular again in the present. Therefore, Nostalgia can be used as a company positioning because it is a form of emotional attraction. It can be execute in the  nostalgic marketing activities such as promotions through social media. This research will examine JRNY Coffee and Records to determine and describe nostalgic marketing messages in the Instagram content, received by the followers. This research is a descriptive qualitative study with the data collection technique is by interviews and document studies. From this research, it was found that JRNY Coffee and Records has a positioning as a coffee shop with nostalgic elements of music through their Instagram content. It formed through message codes which contain of language, colors, fonts, and songs. The trigger of nostalgia for followers was from social aspect, senses, and memory of events, which came from personal nostalgia with cultural nostalgia and virtual nostalgia. The impact were likes, the desire to come to cafe, sharing the content, and loyalty.

Keywords: nostalgic marketing, message, marketing communications, Instagram

 

Abstrak. Saat ini nostalgia menjadi suatu trend di berbagai bidang, yang ditunjukkan melalui budaya populer di masa lalu kembali digemari di masa sekarang. Maka, nostalgia dapat digunakan sebagai positioning perusahaan karena juga merupakan bentuk dari daya tarik emosional. Hal tersebut dapat terwujud melalui kegiatan nostalgia marketing seperti promosi melalui media sosial. Penelitian ini akan meneliti JRNY Coffee and Records untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan pesan nostalgia marketing dalam konten Instagram yang diterima followersnya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan studi dokumen. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa JRNY Coffee and Records memiliki positioning sebagai coffee shop dengan unsur nostalgia musik melalui konten Instagramnya. Hal tersebut terbentuk melalui kode pesan berupa bahasa, warna, font, dan musik. Pemicu nostalgia bagi followers didorong dari aspek sosial, indra, dan ingatan akan suatu peristiwa, yang bersumber dari personal nostalgia sekaligus cultural nostalgia dan virtual nostalgia. Dampak yang ditimbulkan adalah pemberian likes, keinginan untuk datang, menyebarluaskan konten, dan loyalitas.

Kata kunci: nostalgia marketing, pesan, komunikasi pemasaran, Instagram.
SELF-DISCLOSURE KOMUNITAS STOIC INDONESIA DI MEDIA SOSIAL FACEBOOK
Authors: Maliana Inza , Noegroho Agoeng , Nuryanti Nuryanti
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Stoic Indonesia is a community on Facebook where the members can do a self-disclosure. The members' self-disclosure is related to the popularity of Stoic philosophy that can help people to control negative emotions. This study examines the form of members' self-disclosure in the Indonesian Stoic Community through Facebook. The research method used in this study is descriptive qualitative method using the Johari Window Theory. The data collected with in in-depth interview techniques, observation, and documentation. Then analyzed with data reduction, data analysis, and data verification. The results of this study indicate that the members' self-disclosure Stoic Indonesia Facebook group occurs because of a sense of trust, safety and comfort for other members even though some members use anonymous accounts. The Stoic Indonesia Facebook group also helps its members to find solutions to various problems so that members get rewards or benefits when doing self-disclosure.

Keywords: Self-disclosure, Stoic Indonesia, Facebook, Johari Window

Abstrak. Stoic Indonesia merupakan komunitas di media sosial Facebook yang bisa menjadi wadah anggotanya untuk melakukan self-disclosure. Self-disclosure para member berkaitan dengan kepopuleran aliran filsafat Stoikisme yang bisa membantu mengontrol emosi negatif dalam diri seseorang. Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana bentuk pengungkapan diri anggota di Komunitas Stoic Indonesia melalui media sosial Facebook. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan Teori Johari Window. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi dengan teknik analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, analisis data, dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan self-disclosure atau bentuk pengungkapan diri anggota di grup Facebook Stoic Indonesia terjadi karena adanya rasa kepercayaan, aman dan nyaman kepada anggota lain meski beberapa anggota menggunakan akun anonim. Grup Facebook Stoic Indonesia juga membantu para anggotanya untuk menemukan solusi atas berbagai permasalahan sehingga anggota mendapat imbalan atau manfaat saat melakukan self-disclosure.

Kata kunci: Self-disclosure, Stoic Indonesia, Facebook, Johari Window