bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pitfalls in the histological diagnosis of total colonic aganglionosis on appendicectomy specimens
Authors: O H Radhika Krishna , Srirampur Srinivas , Vani Padmaja G J  , Ramesh Reddy Kota
Published: January 2022

Background: Hirschsprung’s disease is the most important cause of functional intestinal obstruction in children. It is characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the submucosal and myenteric plexuses on histology. In 10% of Hirschsprungs disease patients, involvement of the entire colon is seen in a condition called total colonic aganglionosis (TCA). The absence of ganglion cells in the appendix on histology has been considered diagnostic of TCA. The validity of this histological finding being taken as criteria for diagnosis is not clear.
Aims and Objectives: This study examines the presence and the number of myenteric and submucosal ganglion cells in the appendices of suspected cases of TCA and compares these findings with controls, specimens of acute appendicitis, and histologically normal appendix in pediatric cases.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-six appendix specimens of suspected TCA cases and controls, that is, ten each of acute appendicitis and histologically normal appendix in pediatric age group were included in this study taken up in the pathology department of a tertiary pediatric referral hospital. The presence or absence and the number of ganglion cells in each specimen was semiquantitatively evaluated in a blinded manner. These findings were descriptively compared and analyzed. The difficulties faced by the pathologist in reporting the pediatric appendix specimens were also documented.
Results: The cases and controls showed that aganglionosis and no significant difference were noted in the number of ganglion cells per high power field between the cases and controls. The reporting pathologists enumerated quite a few pitfalls and problems encountered by them in the process of interpreting ganglion cell status of pediatric, particularly neonatal appendicectomy specimens.
Conclusion: Aganglionosis of the appendix on histology may not be an ideal tool for the diagnosis of TCA. Difficulties in histological characterization of ganglion cells, technical errors in tissue embedding and the presence aganglionic skip areas might cause errors in the interpretation of ganglion cell status of appendix specimens, particularly infants, and neonates.
Histomorphological spectrum of ovarian tumors - A tertiary care center experience
Authors: Sampurna K , Jyothi B
Published: January 2022

Background: Ovarian tumors are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with variable clinical, morphological, and histological features. Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death in females.
Aims and Objectives: (1) To study and characterize the ovarian tumors based on gross and histopathological features. (2) To study prevalence and age distribution of various ovarian tumors. (3) To study the clinical features in patients with ovarian tumors. (4)To compare the frequency of benign and malignant neoplasms of the ovary with other studies.
Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study conducted in Upgraded Department of Pathology, Modern Government maternity hospital, and Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana from March 2018 to February 2021. A total of 200 ovarian tumors were studied.
Results: Out of 200 ovarian tumors, 132 were benign, seven were borderline and 61 were malignant. The surface epithelial tumors were the most common tumors accounting for 159cases (79.5%), germ cell tumors were seen in 27 cases (13.5%), sex-cord stromal tumors formed 10 cases (5%), and metastasis in 4 cases (2%).
Conclusion: Ovary is a common site of tumors in the female genital tract and usually presents with a variety of clinocomorphological and histological features. Benign are the most common, of these surface epithelial tumors are the commonest, affects mainly reproductive age group.
Correlation of biofilm production with antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from various clinical specimens
Authors: Swapna M , Sumathi G , Anitha M
Published: January 2022

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most prevalent nosocomial pathogens that cause a life-threatening infection. One of the important characteristics of P. aeruginosa is biofilm formation which leads to antibiotic resistance.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to study the antibiotic resistance pattern of P. aeruginosa isolates and correlation with their biofilm-production.
Materials and Methods: A total of 87 P. aeruginosa isolates from different clinical specimens were processed and confirmed by conventional microbiological methods as per standard methodology. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was done for all isolates. Biofilm producing isolates were identified by the microtiter plate method (MTPM).
Results: Of 87 P. aeruginosa isolates, majority were from pus 33 (38%), followed by urine 26 (30%), sputum 19 (22%), body fluids 7 (8%), and blood 2 (2%). Biofilm producing isolates showed more resistance in comparison to non-biofilm producers. The observed difference between biofilm formation for multidrug resistant and susceptible isolates was found to be statistically significant.
Conclusion: MTPM method was an effective test for detection of biofilm formation and was also able to verify biofilm production by P. aeruginosa. This indicated a higher propensity among the clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa to form biofilm and revealed a positive correlation between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. This indicates the need for testing of even susceptible isolates for virulence factors such as biofilm production.
Cognitive deterioration in association with teeth loss in elderly population: A study from Eastern India
Authors: Majumder Uttam , Baidya Iti , Layek Avik Kumar , Bhattacharya Sampa Ray , Ray Pradip Kumar
Published: January 2022

Background: With the global increase in cognitive impairment and dementia, the need to investigate into the possible ways that can be used to prevent or delay such occurrence has been growing. Maintenance of dental care and oral hygiene has been promoted as one such aspect.
Aims and Objectives: To study the association between cognitive impairment in patients without registered diagnosis of dementia with tooth loss and chewing ability.
Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional hospital-based study where consenting elderly persons attending Dental outpatient department over 1½ years were included. Data obtained on socio-demographic details, number of tooth loss, number of remaining teeth, subjective chewing ability, cognitive assessment as per mini-mental state examination (MMSE), and Clock Drawing Test were analyzed statistically to check correlational association.
Results: In this study 96 eligible elderly persons of mean age of 68.30±6.28 years showed increased cognitive impairment among females (P=0.003), increased age (P=0.009), rural background (P=0.033) and low income groups (P=0.001). Positive correlation was found between chewing capacity (P=0.348), number of remaining teeth (r=0.418) with MMSE scores.
Conclusion: Our study population showed positive correlation between impaired cognition and the number of extracted tooth and chewing capacity. With further study on wider and representative population, we hope to project the role of maintaining good oral hygiene and dental care as a possible preventive strategy among many others to combat the increased burden of cognitive impairment.
Reproductive health and birth practices among early married females: A cross-sectional study in Jaipur India
Authors: Chaudhary Chintu , Khan Mohd. Najmul Aqib , Ahmad Sameena
Published: January 2022

Background: Early marriage is not only a violation of females but also causes harm to their physical and psychological health.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of early marriage and its association with reproductive health of females.
Materials and Methods: This community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 322 married females in the field practice areas of JNU-IMRC, Jaipur, Rajasthan. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20.0.
Results: The study found that 53.4% of the females had married before the age of 18 years. Significant associations were found between age at marriage, their socio-economic status, number of children, awareness of contraception, and history of various obstetric complications (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The study brings forth the fact that early marriages have an adverse effect on reproductive health of the females. Rigorous efforts and policies should be put in place for the adolescents to understand their reproductive health better.
Effect of single-dose intravenous dexamethasone on postoperative pain and postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing lower segment cesarean section under spinal anesthesia
Authors: Memon Nazima , Bagga Juhi
Published: January 2022

Background: Lower segment caesarean sections (LSCS) are commonly done under spinal anaesthesia. Although spinal anaesthetic techniques are relatively safe and associated with quick and uneventful recovery, post-operative pain is a major concern after effect of spinal anaesthesia weans off. Other than pain postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the important side effects of spinal anaesthesia. Steroids by virtue of their anti-inflammatory effect is expected to reduce pain consequent upon inflammation and many studies have shown their efficacy in reducing pain as well as PONV in post-operative patients.
Aims and Objectives: Primary objective of the study was to evaluate efficacy of single-dose dexamethasone in reducing post-operative pain. The secondary objectives were to analyse effect of single-dose dexamethasone on hemodynamic stability as well as incidence of nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing LSCS under spinal anesthesia.
Materials and Methods: This was a double-blind comparative study in which 60 patients undergoing LSCS under spinal anaesthesia were included on the basis of a predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients. The patients were divided into two groups: Group D: 30 patients who received IV dexamethasone 8 mg (2 ml) intravenously just before giving spinal anesthesia. Group N: 30 patients who received Normal saline (2 ml) immediately before spinal anesthesia. In both groups, hemodynamic parameters, respiratory rate, severity of post-operative pain, and incidence of PONV was compared. P value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Results: Patients in Group D had significantly less severe post-operative pain (as assessed by the Visual analog scale) and incidence of PONV (P<0.05). Significantly less post-operative rescue analgesia was required in patients who received single dose of intravenous dexamethasone (P<0.05). In terms of hemodynamic stability, both groups were found to be comparable with no statistically significant difference.
Conclusion: Single-dose dexamethasone is effective in reducing post-operative pain as well as incidence of PONV in patients undergoing LSCS under spinal anesthesia.
Pathological and radiological irregularities in patients with chronic kidney disease - An observational study
Authors: Dushyant Pawar  , Vinayak Bhoi  , Pawar Shital , Dilip Patil
Published: January 2022

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) encompasses a spectrum of different pathophysiologic processes associated with abnormal renal function and progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Aims and Objectives: The objectives of the study are 1) to assess basic tests and kidney function tests in patients with CKD, (2) to assess coagulation profile, sugar levels, and platelets levels in patients of CKD, (3) to do the urine analysis in patients with CKD, and (4) to assess GFR among the study population.
Materials and Methods: After taking the informed consent, detailed history was taken and clinical examination of patient was done. Pathological tests such as hemogram, renal function tests, liver function tests, coagulation profile, blood sugar levels, urine routine, and microscopy were performed. Ultrasonography of abdomen and pelvis was done. Correlation was done between severity of sepsis and mortality in patients.
Results: Anemia was moderate (7–8.9 g/dl) in 38%, mild (9–10.9 g/dl) in 31%, while severe (<6.9) in 29 patients, that is, 29%. Thrombocytopenia was present in 58% of patients. Mean serum albumin in patients was 2.67±0.551 mg/dl; serum globulin was 3.89±0.345 mg/dl. Mean blood sugar of study subjects was 127.41±61.387 mg/dl fasting, 199.67±114.827 mg/dl post-prandial, and mean glycated hemoglobin was 5.63 ± 1.668. On ultrasound acute pyelonephritis, 25 (25%) was the most common finding.
Conclusion: Correlation of clinical findings with pathological and radiological findings is very important in patients with CKD. Severity of sepsis directly correlates with mortality of patients.
Variable presentations of systemic lupus erythematosus based on presence or absence of antidouble stranded DNA antibodies: A case series
Authors: Maitra Somnath , Sarkar Swapan , Mukherjee Biswaroop , Ghosh Suprotim
Published: January 2022

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) presents with diverse clinical features causing diagnostic challenges. Apart from the clinical features, autoantibodies are important for diagnosis along with certain laboratory parameters. Diagnosis is made with the European League against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology 2019 Criteria. The case series presented here signifies the correlation between anti ds DNA positivity and its association with poor prognosis and renal disease, whereas antidouble stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) negativity may lead to lack of renal involvement and may be associated with polyserositis. The importance lies in the fact that these patients with anti-dsDNA negativity should be followed up for assessing conversion to positivity of anti-dsDNA, thus altering the prognosis and leading to renal involvement. Moreover, anti-SSA positive SLE patients must be followed up for possible development of sicca symptoms.
The superiority of midazolam-pethidine combination in three different anesthetic methods applied in conscious sedation during transesophageal echocardiography procedure
Authors: Yilmaz AK Hulya , Ozsahin Yasemin , Yesiltas Mehmet Ali , Arslan Sukru , Bostan Cem , Haberal İsmail , Yildiz Mustafa
Published: January 2022

Background: During the transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) procedure, as in many other diagnostic semi-invasive applications, moderate sedation is preferred over deep sedation. Rarely, patients who cannot tolerate moderate sedation may require deep sedation when difficulties are encountered during TEE probe insertion. Although many different methods have been tried for the TEE procedure in clinical practice, the most appropriate sedation method is still controversial.
Aims and Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the clinical effects of three different sedoanalgesia methods consisting of midazolam, propofol, and midazolam-pethidine combination protocols applied for conscious sedation in the patients undergoing a TEE procedure, and to evaluate the patient and doctor satisfaction during the procedure.
Materials and Methods: One-hundred twenty five patients who underwent TEE for diagnostic purposes in our hospital were included consecutively in our prospective randomized trial. The patients were divided into three groups as those who were administered midazolam (group M), propofol (group Pr), and midazolam-pethidine (group MPe) during the TEE procedure.
Results: In the MPe group, both patient and doctor satisfaction were significantly higher than the two groups. The rate of difficulty in probe placement was lower in the Pr and MPe groups compared to the M group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: In this study, it has been observed that conscious sedation with the combination of midazolam-pethidine was significantly advantageous in terms of patient and physician satisfaction compared to the use of only midazolam and only propofol.
Morphology and morphometric study of dry scapula, with emphasis on the glenoid fossa and acromion process in Chennai city, South India
Authors: Azhagiri R , Anitha M , Hemapriya J , Murugaperumal Ganesan , Sumathi G
Published: January 2022

Background: The morphology and morphometry of the scapula and its glenoid fossa and acromion process play a significant role in the mechanics of shoulder joint. A variable morphology is found in glenoid fossa that has clinical implications.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the morphology and morphometry of dry scapula with emphasis on glenoid fossa and acromion process.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the department of anatomy, for a period of 6 months from January 2021 to June 2021. A total of 100 unpaired dry scapula were included in the study. The morphology and dimensions were measured. The dimensions were summarized as mean and standard deviation. Statistical analysis was done Chi-square test and student’s t-test based on the variable types.
Results: Out of 100 scapulae studied, 48 were right sided and 52 were left sided. The mean of maximum length of the right scapula was 149.58±10.33 mm and the left side was 148.63±10.33 mm. Among the glenoid cavities, 54 were inverted comma shaped, 30 were pear shaped, and 16 were oval shaped. In one right-sided scapula Bony Spur Extends from Base of coracoid process to supra Scapular Notch.
Conclusion: Size and shape of the glenoid cavity are directly related to the dislocation of shoulder joint and may affect the results of total shoulder arthroplasty and rotator cuff surgeries. The present study analyzed the morphological types and diameters of the glenoid cavity in adult scapulae to improve the efficacy and minimize the failure rates in shoulder arthroplasty particularly those involving the glenoid component of the shoulder joint.
Prevalence of depression and anxiety among chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder patients and its impact on the severity of the disease
Authors: Kamini B , Gopinath TT , Balamurugan S , Arun Jayakumar U , Narayanan Harish
Published: January 2022

Background: There is high prevalence of anxiety and depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, leading to habits such as smoking.
Aims and Objectives: This study aims to relate quantitatively, the contribution of anxiety and depression on prognosis, smoking, and stage of the disease.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 3 months on 50 male COPD patients, aged 40–70 years. Patients were recruited to participate in the study after obtaining informed consent and were administered a questionnaire. They were subjected for detailed clinical examination, chest-X ray. CAT, BODE, GOLD stage, MADRS, and HAM-A were calculated and submitted for statistical analysis.
Results: Depression had more influence on smoking rather than anxiety. There was no contributing influence by age.
Conclusion: Clinicians should be encouraged to concentrate more on addressing depression rather than anxiety.
Evaluation and management of voice disorders: Our experiences
Authors: Thakur Rishikesh , Jha Abishesh , Thakur Sanjeev Kumar
Published: January 2022

Background: Change in voice is one of the most common complains among patients visiting to ENT outpatient. The causes are numerous and need to be evaluated before approaching to curative intent of treatment.
Aims and Objectives: The current study was designed with an aim to analyze the spectrum of voice disorders and their management option.
Materials and Methods: Prospective study conducted between June 25, 2020, and November 30, 2021. Clinical, demographic profiles were recorded. Fiber-optic laryngoscopy was performed in all the cases. Radiology examination computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging was supplemented only in required cases. Treatment was executed based of etiological profile analysis. Minimum 3 months follow-up was collected post-therapy. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 24. Pearson Chi-square test was used for see the association between parameters. P-value was considered significant while being <0.05.
Results: Out of 218 patients, the most patients (approx. 70%) occupied in the age group of 30–50 years. There was male predominance (76.6%). Voice change secondary to laryngopharyngeal reflux was seen in 56.4% of cases. Benign vocal fold lesions (nodule/cyst/polyp) were noticed in 26.5% of cases. Malignant lesions were seen in 1.8% of cases. Benign vocal fold lesions (polyp and cyst) were treated by microlaryngeal surgery (MLS). Pre-malignant lesion (leukoplakia) was treated with MLS stripping. Out of four malignant lesions, one was in early stage and underwent supraglottic laryngectomy while others were in advanced stage (T4) and treated by total laryngectomy.
Conclusions: Voice disorders comprise wide etiological profile from reflux to malignant lesion. Timely proper evaluation followed by definitive management achieves good treatment outcomes.
Multifocal Tuberculosis
Authors: Singh Ranjan Kumar
Published: January 2022

This is Letter to the Editor
Assessment of job stress among non-teaching staff: A cross-sectional study at teaching hospital, Central India
Authors: Dhakate Manish Arun , Domple Vijay Kishanrao , Joge Umesh Shankarrao , Khakse Gautam Marotrao , Hiwarkar Prabhakar Atmaram
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Job stress plays an important role in the maintenance of organizational performance. A key aspect of job stress is increased workload, role conflict, poor job control, lack of support from coworkers and interpersonal conflict. Most studies in the field of job stress have focused on private sectors. The objective of this study was to assess the job stress among non-teaching staff at government teaching hospital.

Methods: The present cross-sectional study was carried out in a government teaching hospital in central India between Jan 2020 to March 2020 among 90 participants purposively chosen for the study. New Job Stress Scale was used to assess the extent of stress among the participants. Approval from Institutional Ethical Committee was obtained before commencing the study. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 20 for percentages, mean and standard deviation.

Results: A moderate level of stress affects 47.78 percent of participants. The present study found that most problematic dimensions of job stress variables were dimension of role conflict with as many as 51% of participants had experience role expectation conflict.

Conclusion: We can infer from this finding that we need to have formal job description written for their non-teaching staff so that their role should be clear and unambiguous.
Healing through Geography: A Spatial-Learning Analysis and Praxis
Authors: Germinaro Kaleb
Published: January 2022

Learning takes place in and across settings. In this conceptual piece, a spatial-learning praxis is presented to understand geographic trauma to invoke healing from trauma through. I begin by providing a context of the links between oppression and trauma. I then highlight how it persists for learners and the consequences trauma has for students of color. I then build off of critical pedagogy, learning theory, Black feminism, Black geographies, and Indigenous studies to describe a form of learning and transformation that is dedicated to elements of healing centered learning. I briefly review these conceptual foundations as a preface to introducing a framework of healing centered learning and its components grounded in four anchors including (in no particular order): (a) learning and identity (b) geography (c) and oppression and trauma. Understanding geo-onto-epistemologies allows for mechanisms for learning to move past resilience and into healing, sustaining change over time. I conclude with learning and the applications to heal identities through the design of learning environments and spatial analysis.
The Gebelein Archaeological Project in 2019: Northern necropolis and the temple complex
Authors: Ejsmond Wojciech , Rochecouste Olivier Pierre , Kuronuma Taichi , Witkowski Piotr
Published: January 2022

Continued archaeological surveys at two sites in the Gebelein area, the Northern Necropolis and the temple complex, have contributed new data for a better understanding of the ancient remains. Geophysical anomalies detected in 2015 in the western part of the Northern Necropolis should now be interpreted most probably as tombs with mud-brick walls. Mounds of earth in the central part of the necropolis yielded numerous artifacts dating from between the Naqada I and the early Old Kingdom periods; they are likely to have been dumped from a nearby settlement site, probably the ancient town of Sumenu. Work in the temple complex was aimed at protecting the structure made of inscribed mud-bricks dating from the Twenty-first Dynasty.
Challenges in Graduate Nursing Education in Sri Lanka
Authors: Fernando D.M.S.
Published: January 2022

No Abstract
A Study on Sample Rejection Rates due to Pre-analytical Errors: Associated Factors and Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Nurses on Blood Sample Collection for Haematology at a Teaching Hospital in Sri Lanka
Authors: Dilshika L.K.M. , Bandara W.V.R.T.D.G. , Karunanayaka A.D.S.S.
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Clinical diagnosis is mostly dependent on laboratory test results. Studies have shown that 70% of clinical laboratory samples are rejected due to pre-analytical errors. This study was conducted to assess; rejection rates of blood samples, major reasons for rejection of blood samples, and knowledge, attitudes and practice of nurses on blood sample collection. Methods: Details of rejected blood samples were collected using data sheets of rejected blood specimens at the Teaching Hospital Karapitiya, Sri Lanka. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of nursing officers on blood sample collection were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Results: Overall blood sample rejection rate was 3.3%. The major cause of rejection of blood samples was the clotting of specimens. Insufficient volume, hemolysis, unavailability of request form for investigation, discrepancies in bed head tickets, discrepancies of the names, and use of IV line for blood collection were among the other reasons for sample rejection. The highest rejection rate was reported from the samples obtained for Prothrombin time/International Normalized Ratio (PT/INR) test. According to the scores obtained for knowledge of the nurses on blood sample collection, 43% of them scored ‘average’ while 38% scored ‘good’. The nurses’ attitudes on blood sample collection were satisfactory. Conclusions: Overall rejection rate was higher in the Haematology Laboratory of Teaching Hospital Karapitiya compared to the values reported elsewhere. Although the overall knowledge of nurses was satisfactory regarding blood sample collection, aspects such as knowledge on the correct volume of blood needed for specific investigations, choosing a suitable site for blood drawing, and practices such as the provision of duly filled investigation forms need to be improved.Keywords: Rejection rate, Pre-analytical error, Haematology, Blood, Sample collection
Health Related Quality of Life of Children with Thalassemia Major in Two Selected Hospitals in Sri Lanka
Authors: Silva W.A.S.V. , Peiris H.H.
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Thalassemia is an inherited hemoglobin disorder. There are two types; thalassemia major and minor. Thalassemia major directly affects children’s physical, emotional, social and school functions. Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) is an important indicator to assess the health of human. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted using 60 children (age 2-12 years) with thalassemia major who attended clinics in two selected hospitals in Sri Lanka from July to September 2018. Demographic data and risk factors were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. HRQoL data were collected using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Version 4.0 Generic Core Scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: Mean values of the total functioning scores of physical, emotional, social and school were 89.42 (±9.20), 87.83 (±10.43), 95.00 (±7.53) and 78.75 (±14.13) respectively. Age of the children was significantly associated with emotional functioning (p=0.046), school functioning (p=0.023), psychosocial health (p=0.021) and the total summary score (p=0.006). Total number of blood transfusions per year of the patient was significantly associated with physical functioning (p=0.002), psychosocial health (p=0.045) and total summary score (p=0.034). Conclusions: Age and the total number of blood transfusions per year significantly affect the HRQoL of children with thalassemia major. Gender, type of iron chelation and age at first blood transfusion did not affect HRQoL of the children.Keywords: HRQoL, Thalassemia major, Haemoglobin disorder
Outlook for the Pharmacy Profession at the Dawn of the Decade 2020s
Authors: Pathirana W.
Published: January 2022

Pharmacy profession operated at elementary level in Sri Lanka well up to the beginning of the 21 st century. Their training programs were limited to certificate level, with courses of 1-2 years duration. With the introduction of the four-year university degree programs, pharmacy profession now carry the prospects of making good for the lost time. However, they still appear to be professionally somewhat timid hindering the realization of their full potential. There are many encouraging developments which are bound to promote a bright future. The positive, negative and many other areas related to pharmacy profession are discussed.Keywords: Professional organizations, Covid vaccine, Last gate, Pharmacy Council
Uric Acid: Friend or Foe?
Authors: Bin Wan Shuaib Wan Muhammad Azfar , Mohamed Ismail Nor Azlin , Abdul Manaf Mohd Rizal , Othman Hanita
Published: January 2022

Introduction. Adverse Pregnancy outcomes (APO) continue to trouble physicians worldwide, and uric acid has become a marker of interest in its prediction. Despite this, the correlation of uric acid in the third trimester is rarely studied, and the reference value for normal uric acid levels in pregnancy has yet to be established. This study was done to evaluate the association of uric acid levels in the third trimester of pregnancy and the development of APO, specifically gestational hypertension (GH), pre-eclampsia (PE), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), small for gestational age (SGA) and to determine a cut-off value of serum uric acid levels for screening of the APO. Materials and methods. A retrospective observational study was conducted among 374 women who delivered at Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM) and developed the APO of interest and had serum uric acid levels taken during the third trimester of pregnancy. A cut off value of 309 µmol/L was used to assess the sensitivity and specificity in predicting the APO. Results.  Associations are observed between 309 µmol/L and the development of GH (p<0.0005), PE (p<0.0005), GDM (p<0.0005), SGA (p=0.0264). Plotted ROC curves with cutoff point of 309 µmol/L demonstrated moderate predictive value of serum uric acid and the development of GH (AUC 0.639), PE (AUC 0.713), SGA (AUC 0.649) and low predictive value for GDM (AUC 0.4). Conclusion. Serum uric acid level of 309 µmol/L in the third trimester of pregnancy is a moderate predictor of GH, PE, SGA and a poor predictor of GDM.

KEYWORDS: Uric acid; pregnancy trimester, third; pregnancy outcome
أهمية فهم طبائع العلوم الإسلامية في إعداد الأستاذ المُتخصص فيها وصفاته (Importance of Understanding the Natures of Islamic Sciences In the Preparation of Specialised Lecturer and His Attributes)
Authors: برغوث عبد العزيز
Published: January 2022

تتناول الورقة بالدراسة مسألة طبائع العلوم الإسلامية والشرعية، وما يميزها عن غيرها وأثر ذلك على نوعية الأستاذ الجامعي الذي يُدرسها وصفاته وملكاته. وتهدف الورقة إلى بيان هذه الطبائع في تحديد صفات الأستاذ الذي يتعلمها ويُعلمها. ويتبع البحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي وتحليل النصوص. وخلص البحث إلى أن من طبائع هذه العلوم أنها توحيدية المرجعية، وعملية وعلمية ومنهجية ومقصدية، وتدور حول رسالة الاستخلاف في الأرض واعمارها المتوازن. وعليه فإن الأستاذ الذي يتعلمها ويُعلمها ينبغي أن يتصف بصفات منها: الرسالية والإيمان القوي، والقيادة والإمامية العلمية، والعلم والخبرة، والقدوة النموذجية والحكمة والرشد والتزكية والتطهير. ويوصي البحث بضرورة تطوير برامج تأهيلية متخصصة لأستاذ العلوم الإسلامية والشرعية في الجامعات تراعي واقع التعليم المعاصر، ونوعية المتعلمين وطرق التدريس والتعليم المتلائمة وطبائع هذه العلوم والواقع الذي تُدرس فيه.
الكلمات المفتاحية: طبائع العلوم الإسلامية، الأستاذ، الصفات، التعليم الجامعي.
Abstract
This article analyses the importance of understanding the natures of Islamic sciences, and what distinguishes them from others and the impact of this on the attributes and competencies of the university lecturer who teaches them. The aim of the paper is to show the how these natures influence preparation of the lecturers. The article followed the descriptive analytical method and textual analysis.  It concluded that some of the natures of these sciences are: revealed reference, practical, scientific, methodological and purposeful, and revolve around the message of Istikhlaf (vicegerency) and civilisation (umran) on the earth. Accordingly, the teacher who learns and teaches them should have attributes and qualities such as; sense of mission, strong faith, Intellectual leadership, knowledge and experience, exemplary role model, wisdom, guided reasoning, purification and spiritualty. The article recommended the need to develop specialised programs for the lecturers of Islamic and Shari’ah sciences in universities that take into account the realities of contemporary education, the quality of learners, teaching methods and the natures of these sciences. 
Keywords: Natures of Islamic Sciences, Lecturer, Attributes, University Teaching.
POTENCIAL GERMINATIVO DE SEMENTES DE ERVILHA (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors: Vettorato Jordana Gabriele , Chitolina Samantha , Heck Darlei Luiz , Ghellar Muller Nilvane Teresinha
Published: January 2022

O processo de germinação de sementes ocorre em sucessivas etapas e depende da qualidade fisiológica das sementes. Os cultivos de ervilha (Psidium sativa L.) em diversas regiões do Brasil vêm se destacando por ser uma alternativa economicamente viável de produção e comercialização. Assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o potencial germinativo e os vigores de sementes de ervilhas provenientes de diferentes fornecedores. O experimento foi realizado no município de Ijuí, RS, entre os meses de abril a junho de 2018 e envolveu um esquema fatorial (3x4x20), com um total de 480 sementes. Foram analisados os teores de umidade das sementes, bem como, a percentagem de germinação das sementes, altura média e número médio de folhas das plântulas e vigor característico. Foi possível concluir que a semente intitulada por T3 é a que tem maior potencial de germinação, não diferindo estatisticamente das sementes T1 e T2, mas sendo a única a diferir da semente T4. Para as características, altura média de plântulas, número médio de folhas e vigor, a semente T3 apresentou diferenças significativas em relação às demais. A qualidade fisiológica das sementes, incluindo vigores e germinação é dependente dos fornecedores de sementes. Análises de germinação e vigor são extremamente necessárias para saber as potencialidades produtivas de culturas de interesse.
GOVERNAMENTO DA INFÂNCIA
Authors: Presotto Azi Costa Lucimar , Farias Dresch Jaime
Published: January 2022

O artigo tem como objetivo discutir a relação entre a implementação de políticas públicas voltadas para a infância e as táticas que visam conduzir a vida da população, por meio das relações de poder-saber, imbricadas na instituição escolar, de modo especial, das instituições de Educação Infantil. Apresenta-se uma leitura das relações discursivas que tornaram possível diferentes políticas de escolarização da infância, a qual produziu certas táticas de governamento do sujeito infantil. A pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo, baseada na revisão da literatura, utilizou algumas ferramentas teórico-analíticas vinculadas à epistemologia pós-estruturalista, partindo dos conceitos foucaultianos de governamento, governamentalidade e biopolítica. Como resultado, aponta-se que a infância se tornou um campo de controle e regulação por parte do Estado. Tal controle vem sendo exercido desde a mais tenra idade, por meio da disciplinarização, da docilização dos corpos e da escolarização da infância, produzidas pela racionalidade que orienta o governametno da infância nas instituições de Educação Infantil.
SUSTENTABILIZANDO
Authors: Rodrigues Juliana Martins , Coutinho Cadidja
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho busca associar a linguagem científica e a tecnologia aos aspectos socioambientais e demonstrar através do aplicativo SUSTENTABILIZANDO questões associadas ao consumo/desperdício de água como alternativa para efetivação da Educação Ambiental no espaço escolar. Para tanto, os alunos deveriam anotar o consumo diário de água em atividades de higiene pessoal e doméstica para que na “seção água” do aplicativo, cada um fizesse o cálculo do seu consumo diário de água. Investigou-se através de pré e pós-teste as reflexões dos alunos sobre o tema em estudo. Os resultados mostram que os participantes reconhecem o termo meio ambiente, a importância da água e já participaram de ações ambientais. Quanto ao consumo e desperdício de água, observou-se que após as anotações das tarefas de higiene pessoal e doméstica, e o cálculo realizado através do aplicativo, a estimativa de consumo de água se aproximou da realidade e permitiu a reflexão sobre o uso e desperdício deste recurso natural.
FERRAMENTA PARA COMPARAÇÃO DOS DADOS DO DIÓXIDO DE CARBONO SUPERCRÍTICO OBTIDOS A PARTIR DE EQUAÇÕES DE ESTADO COM OS DADOS EXPERIMENTAIS DO NIST
Authors: Mignoni Marcelo Luis , Dos Santos Gonçalves Tiago , Elisa Demaman Oro Carolina , Marcos Dal Lago Rogério
Published: January 2022

O uso softwares como Microsoft Excel ou LibreOffice Calc para ensinar e exemplificar exercícios envolvendo modelos termodinâmicos é de fácil implementação em sala de aula. Dessa forma, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a densidade do dióxido de carbono (CO2) em estado supercrítico através de 4 equações de estado distintas (Peng-Robinson, Redlich–Kwong, Soave Redlich–Kwong e van der Waals) através dos parâmetros de temperatura e pressão e comparar os valores com os dados experimentais do NIST, nas faixas de temperatura e pressão de 310 a 140 K e 75 a 250 atm, respectivamente. Os resultados foram comparados com 60.701 pontos experimentais do NIST e foi avaliado o erro médio percentual dos modelos para predizer a densidade do CO2 em função da temperatura e pressão. Foi empregado o método de Newton para encontrar as soluções numéricas para as equações de estado em estudo. O passo a passo da resolução do exercício proposto foi apresentado, bem como as respostas encontradas. Como resposta, as equações de Peng-Robinson, Soave Redlich-Kwong e van der Waals se adequaram aos dados experimentais do NIST. A planilha se mostrou de fácil construção e com muito conteúdo para ser utilizado em sala de aula, tanto no ensino presencial quanto no remoto (online).
“PARA MINHA FAMÍLIA SEMPRE SEREI LEMBRADO”
Authors: Fioreze Cristina , Stachelski Eduarda , Ribeiro Silvana
Published: January 2022

O artigo enfoca a realidade dos acadêmicos que representam a primeira geração de suas famílias a ingressar na universidade, problematizando como estudante, família e instituição de ensino superior lidam e se redimensionam diante dessa nova experiência. Aborda, assim, os sentimentos gerados e as interfaces entre trajetória acadêmica e contexto familiar, bem como o papel da universidade no acolhimento dos novos atores. Fundamenta-se em uma pesquisa qualitativa, com coletada de dados realizada por meio da aplicação de nove entrevistas semiestruturadas junto a três acadêmicos de primeira geração, três de seus familiares e três coordenadores de curso, pertencentes a uma universidade comunitária da região norte do Rio Grande do Sul. Como resultados, identifica-se uma reestruturação no sistema familiar, que passa a vivenciar novos ciclos de vida. O processo de individuação do estudante é potencializado e o contexto pode gerar conflitos familiares, mas também pode significar a ampliação da herança familiar em termos de capital cultural, tendo em vista a inserção no universo acadêmico. Além disso, o acesso ao ensino superior é motivo de orgulho para os familiares e o sucesso acadêmico é entendido como forma de retribuição aos investimentos feitos pelos pais junto aos filhos. Em relação ao acolhimento ofertado pela universidade em estudo, verificou-se que os estudantes de primeira geração usufruem de programas institucionais de acesso e permanência, porém, não foram identificadas estratégias voltadas especificamente a este público, as quais poderiam facilitar sua experiência acadêmica e contribuir para a conclusão da graduação, promovendo, em última instância, a redução da evasão.
RESIDÊNCIA PEDAGÓGICA
Authors: Luz Aragão Vanessa , Rodrigo Cruz dos Santos Paulo , De Almeida Silva José Orlando
Published: January 2022

O presente trabalho descreve as atividades que foram realizadas pelo Programa Residência Pedagógica em Biologia da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) durante a Etapa de Imersão (Fases de Observação, Intervenção e Regência) dos residentes na escola-campo Centro de Ensino Luzenir Matta Roma, no município Codó, no estado do Maranhão, Brasil. Ademais, discute a importância destas atividades para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos estudantes da educação básica e para a formação docente em Biologia. As atividades realizadas descritas e discutidas foram: jogo da memória, dinâmica do verdadeiro ou falso, jogo de tabuleiro com dado, portfólio artístico de Biologia, produção de gavetas entomológicas, exibição de filmes, observação da morfologia das plantas, jogo do reino Plantae, caixa de perguntas anônimas de Biologia e debate sobre a Inclusão Escolar. Por meio destas atividades, houve melhora significativa no desempenho do ensino e aprendizagem dos estudantes da escola Matta Roma. As atividades proporcionaram aumento na participação, envolvimento e motivação dos estudantes da escola-campo, assim como, possibilitou a investigação acadêmica no ensino de Biologia e a vivência dos residentes no cotidiano da educação básica. Estas experiências de cunho pedagógico permitiram aos residentes aprenderem sobre a profissão docente segundo a perspectiva da observação, imitação, reprodução, reelaboração dos modelos existentes e a incorporação de novos métodos de ensino.
A INCORPORAÇÃO DE SABERES DA DOCÊNCIA NO CURSO DE PEDAGOGIA
Authors: Mondardo Brandalise Giselly Cristini , Knoblauch Adriane
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste artigo foi compreender os aspectos do habitus que subsidiaram as aprendizagens de duas alunas do curso de pedagogia, de uma universidade pública do estado do Paraná, em seus percursos formativos a partir dos preceitos teóricos estabelecidos na literatura de Bourdieu. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e longitudinal que ocorreu por meio de questionários e entrevistas entre os anos de 2012 e 2015, quando foram constatadas três grandes motivações de ingresso para o curso: afetividade; transformação e misto. Os dados foram analisados pelos preceitos da Análise de Conteúdo, de Bardin (2011) e também a partir das orientações praxiológicas de Pierre Bourdieu. Os resultados indicaram que a incorporação de novos saberes no curso de pedagogia é perceptível e estabelecem relações intrínsecas com o habitus de origem: no decorrer do percurso formativo as acadêmicas atribuíam maior importância e ênfase a assuntos relacionados às suas histórias de vida, sendo então o habitus um fio condutor de ações e estratégias de aprendizagem.
PERSPECTIVAS E CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A ORIENTAÇÃO EDUCACIONAL BILÍNGUE NA EDUCAÇÃO DE SURDOS
Authors: Prestes Vivian Ellen Cristine
Published: January 2022

Com objetivo de levantar uma reflexão e investigar as possíveis perspectivas e como a atuação do(a) Orientador(a) Educacional Bilíngue pode contribuir na educação de surdos, foi realizada uma entrevista - através de um questionário - com Intérpretes de Libras e Professores de Libras que atuam ou atuaram em escolas públicas regulares da educação básica. A escolha por estes profissionais partiu da percepção de que os mesmos trabalham com maior proximidade dos estudantes surdos, da Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras) e da cultura surda no ambiente escolar. Igualmente, não há Orientadores Educacionais Bilíngues atuantes na cidade em que esta pesquisa foi realizada. Casualmente, as participantes selecionadas são mulheres. A pesquisa constituiu-se como um estudo de caso de caráter qualitativo. Para o tratamento dos dados foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo. Com a leitura das respostas das participantes ao questionário e articulando com os pressupostos teóricos, emergiram duas categorias, a saber: i - Desafios e dificuldades e ii - Contribuições e potencialidades. Com base nas respostas das participantes ao questionário, foi notável a necessidade de investimentos na formação continuada dos educadores, que proporcione o reconhecimento de políticas linguísticas, da Libras e da cultura surda pelos Orientadores Educacionais.  Esse reconhecimento possibilita caminhos para se alcançar a educação bilíngue no ambiente escolar. A Orientação Educacional é fundamental para o acolhimento dos estudantes e para a promoção do diálogo entre família e escola, por isso, na educação de surdos a Orientação Educacional Bilíngue contribui potencialmente na inclusão e formação dos educandos(as) surdos(as) com equidade.
AÇÕES AFIRMATIVAS PARA MÃES COMO MECANISMO DE ISONOMIA E FORTALECIMENTO DA UNIVERSIDADE PÚBLICA
Authors: Campos Mariano Ruckstadter Vanessa , Ekuni de Souza Roberta
Published: January 2022

A maternidade impacta negativamente a carreira acadêmica, e é mister realizar ações visando minimizar esse impacto. Este artigo apresenta um relato da experiência de ações realizadas por docentes vinculadas ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação (PPEd), Mestrado Profissional em Educação Básica da Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná (UENP). As ações envolvem: I) mobilização e articulação de um Coletivo de Mães na Universidade; II) realização do I Fórum do coletivo durante o I Seminário de Pesquisa em Educação do PPEd em novembro de 2019, com entrega de uma carta coletiva elaborada para as gestoras e gestores da instituição; III) Fórum sobre maternidade e ciência no Café educacional; e IV) II Fórum do coletivo durante o II Seminário de Pesquisa do PPEd. Como resultado dessa mobilização, houve: a implementação de mecanismos nos editais de pesquisa para bolsas de Iniciação Científica, nos processos de credenciamento docente e seleção de discentes do Programa, e no processo seletivo para contratação de docente temporário para o PPEd. Ações como essa têm se mostrado importantes mecanismos de isonomia e, consequentemente, dão visibilidade e criam condições para as mães pesquisadoras, levando ao fortalecimento da universidade pública.