BIOCHEMICAL AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF VERMICULTURE BIOMASS GROWN ON POULTRY LITTER FERMENTED BY THE ACCELERATED METHOD
Authors: Osipenko I. S. , Merzlov S. V. 
Published: June 2023

The intensive increase in the number of meat poultry, directly broiler chickens both in our country and in the most countries of the world, is accompanied by the accumulation of a large amount of waste (droppings with litter) of this technology in limited areas. According to a number of researchers, the utilization of this biomass must take into account environmental requirements and challenges. These requirements are met by the utilization of poultry droppings by means of vermiculture (growing worms). It is promising to prepare the droppings of broiler chickens with bedding for its use as a substrate for vermiculture by composting with the participation of biodestructors (microbiological preparations). However, the problem of the influence of poultry droppings in the composition of the substrate fermented with the help of biodestrutor BTU-CENTER on the chemical composition of vermiculture biomass remains unstudied. The material for study was the biomass of worms grown on a substrate containing broiler droppings fermented with various doses of a biodestructor. In the control group, vermiculture biomass was grown on a substrate that included 92.0% by weight of broiler chicken droppings with litter fermented for 540 days without the use of a biodestructor and 8.0% wheat straw. In the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd experimental groups, worms were grown on a substrate consisting of 92.0% by mass of broiler chicken droppings with fermented litter for 180 days using the BTU-CENTER biodestructor, respectively, in the amount of 3.75, 7 .5 and 11.25 cm3/t and 8.0% wheat straw. The content of total protein, lipids, ash, zinc, ferrum, copper, lead and cadmium was determined in vermiculture biomass. It has been proven that the content of total protein in vermiculture biomass grown on broiler chicken droppings fermented with a low dose of biodestructor almost does not change. In the biomass of worms obtained on a substrate with the content of broiler droppings fermented with a biodestructor in the amount of 11.25 cm3/t, the total protein content increases by 2.1% compared to the control one. A statistically significant increase in the content of lipids in the biomass of vermiculture grown on a substrate containing broiler droppings fermented with the highest dose of biodestructor (experimental group III) was established. The difference with the control group was 6.7%. It was proven that the more biodestructor was used for fermentation of poultry droppings, the higher the content of total ash was found in the vermiculture biomass grown on it, comparing the I, II and III research groups. The highest ash content was found in the control one. The difference with the experimental groups was 18.1, 12.1 and 6.0%, respectively. Using the substrate with the content of manure fermented with a biodestructor in doses of 7.5 and 11.25 cm3/t, the content of ferrum in the vermiculture biomass was lower than in the control group by 1.95 and 0.76%, respectively. The highest content of copper and zinc was found in the biomass of worms from the control group. In the biomass of vermiculture grown on a substrate with manure fermented with a biodestructor at a dose of 11.25 cm3/t, the content of copper and zinc was lower than in the control group by 2.5 and 0.9%, respectively. It was established that the content of lead and cadmium did not exceed the maximum allowable norm for growing vermiculture on a substrate containing broiler chicken droppings fermented with a biodestructor.