bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Ladle Baking Process with Oxygen-fuel Combustion
Authors: Wang Xiaoyao , Liu Guangqiang , Liu Yuanxin , Wang Jian
Published: February 2025

Oxygen-fuel combustion instead of air combustion for ladle baking has gradually become a new technology for ladle heating in the iron and steel industry. The optimization of oxygen-fuel burner structure is of great significance for the wide application of oxygen-fuel combustion technology in iron and steel enterprises. In this study, a three-dimensional model of 100 ton ladle was established by using the numerical simulation software FLUENT 21.0. The fluid flow, combustion and heat transfer in the process of ladle oxygen baking were studied. The ladle baking effects of four different gas pipeline diameters and four different gas nozzle spacing were compared. The results show that when the gas flow rate and oxygen flow rate are about 1:1, the roasting effect is the best. When the distance between fuel gas nozzle and oxygen nozzle is 150 mm~175 mm, the baking effect of ladle bottom and wall is better. When the diameter of gas pipe is 150 mm, the diameter of oxygen pipe is 60mm, and the distance between gas nozzle and oxygen nozzle is 150mm, the baking efficiency can reach 24.33%. The relevant research provides the basis for the application of oxygen-fuel combustion technology in 100t ladle.
Distal paravertebral block anesthesia with a mixture of lidocaine and xylazine has a longer duration than a lidocaine block coupled with intramuscular xylazine in steers
Authors: Varner Kelley M. , Keefer Maya , Mooring Margaret , Klein Sarah , Love Kim
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE

To determine whether the site of administration of xylazine alters its impact on lidocaine’s duration of action when administered as a distal paravertebral block (DPV) in steers.

METHODS

6 healthy steers were used. Unilateral DPVs were performed at L1, L2, and L4. Each steer received 2 treatments in a blinded random crossover study. The local xylazine treatment group received 6 mg of lidocaine/kg mixed with 0.02 mg of xylazine/kg as a DPV, followed by an injection of 0.9% NaCl in the cervical musculature. The systemic xylazine treatment group received 6 mg of lidocaine/kg as a DPV and 0.02 mg of xylazine/kg in the cervical musculature. Sensation was assessed by response to needle pricks along the paralumbar fossa with a 22-gauge hypodermic needle. The time of onset, duration of action, sedation score, and heart rate were compared between treatments. Data are reported as mean ± SD. This study was completed over a 2-week period in May 2023.

RESULTS

The duration of anesthesia was significantly prolonged after DPV in steers treated with local xylazine (186.7 ± 58.7 minutes) compared to systemic xylazine (95 ± 36.3 minutes). Both treatments were associated with mild decreases in heart rate and sedation but were not significantly different between groups.

CONCLUSIONS

The addition of xylazine to lidocaine when administered as a DPV provides a longer duration of anesthesia than when xylazine is administered at a distant site to local anesthetic solution deposition.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The combination of lidocaine and xylazine when administered as a DPV prolongs the duration of action of lidocaine and is a practical, inexpensive technique.
Scientific Aspects of Organic Soy Production in Ukraine
Authors: Petrychenko Vasyl , Lykhochvor Volodymyr , Didur Ihor , Pantsyreva Hanna
Published: February 2025

Taking into account European experience, theoretical and methodological foundations of scientific aspects of organic soybean production in Ukraine have been implemented, aimed at the greening of agriculture, through the preservation of natural soil fertility and the rational use of bioecosystems. It has been established that soybean production, through the introduction of bioorganic technologies, contributes to the improvement of agricultural culture, the restoration of soil fertility, and an increase in the amount of protein products and nutritious feeds. Experimental studies have proven that soil organic matter is a key indicator of its fertility, since it actively affects plant nutrition and improves the physicochemical properties of the soil, as well as the migration of chemical elements. The most important soil processes are closely related to the greening of the agricultural sector. It has been proven that the main source of organic matter for increasing soil fertility is the development of organic models of soybean growing technologies. It is substantiated that the agrobiological potential of these technologies in sustainable production zones of non-irrigated lands will contribute to the creation of a “Soybean belt”. A new stage in soybean production is proposed, which will allow rational use of the region’s hydrothermal resources, increase the gross yield of soybean seeds, promote the biologisation of agriculture and the production of high-quality and environmentally friendly products.
Three-dimensional Analysis of a Tunnel Excavation in a Jointed Rock Mass
Authors: Zabuski Lesław
Published: February 2025

A tunnel at a shallow depth, lying between several and 55 meters, was excavated in a jointed rock mass. Models of the rock mass and tunnel were elaborated basing on the data from an object in Carpathian flysch (Poland). The tunnel behaviour was analysed by using FLAC3D program and Coulomb-Mohr criterion and ubiquitous model of the rock mass with 10 combinations of the joint systems orientation (with respect to the tunnel axis). The tunnel shape is horse-shoe and its height equals 4.5 m. In each tunnel cross-section, 16 rock bolts and 20 cm shotcrete layer (with the strength increasing with time) were mounted. In cases of unfavourable orientation of joint system and unstable conditions, rock bolting of the tunnel heading face was installed and modelled. The numerical analysis was carried out for each excavation step, equal to 1.5 m. The entire deformation process and stress redistribution were registered starting with the cross-section in originally intact rock mass (i.e. before the tunnel heading face reached it), to the section located far from the face, in already supported and stabilized tunnel. The results obtained show the effect of discontinuities orientation on the stress distribution and displacement magnitude. The first signs of tunnel approaching heading face appear in a cross-section situated in a distance of 7 to 9 m from it. The processes of stress and displacement redistribution are long-range and occur in a distance of many meters from the already excavated tunnel face. The important result of the analysis was the determination of the ground response curves representing decompression and support loading as a function of the excavation advance. These results allow for better design of a proper support system of the tunnel.
A Comprehensive Survey of Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models for Decision Making in Agriculture: Unsolved Problems and Research Opportunities
Authors: Vizniuk Artem , Diachenko Grygorii , Laktionov Ivan , Siwocha Agnieszka , Xiao Min , Smoląg Jacek
Published: February 2025

The breakthrough in developing large language models (LLMs) over the past few years has led to their widespread implementation in various areas of industry, business, and agriculture. The aim of this article is to critically analyse and generalise the known results and research directions on approaches to the development and utilisation of LLMs, with a particular focus on their functional characteristics when integrated into decision support systems (DSSs) for agricultural monitoring. The subject of the research is approaches to the development and integration of LLMs into DSSs for agrotechnical monitoring. The main scientific and applied results of the article are as follows: the world experience of using LLMs to improve agricultural processes has been analysed; a critical analysis of the functional characteristics of LLMs has been carried out, and the areas of application of their architectures have been identified; the necessity of focusing on retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) as an approach to solving one of the main limitations of LLMs, which is the limited knowledge base of training data, has been established; the characteristics and prospects of using LLMs for DSSs in agriculture have been analysed to highlight trustworthiness, explainability and bias reduction as priority areas of research; the potential socio-economic effect from the implementation of LLMs and RAG in the agricultural sector is substantiated.
The Performance of the Social Worker in Mental Health in Primary Care From the Perspective of the Interdisciplinary Team
Authors: Silva Évinen Amorim da , Silva Priscila Porfiria da , Moraes Suzyanne Araújo , Olímpio Aloísio , Ferrari Nayara de Fátima Mazini , Braga Cristina , Douradinho Christian , Santos Gleyce Kelly de Brito Brasileiro , Filoni Eduardo , Capeloa Cristina Nunes , Cunha Márcio Fernandes da , Ribeiro Filho Alfredo , Altoe Dayene Gatto , Aristides Jackeline Lourenço
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study aimed to reflect on the work of the social worker in Mental Health in Primary Care, and to investigate and discuss issues related to the concept of the health team in real qualitative research developed with twelve professionals from three Basic Health Units located in the city of Apucarana, Paraná. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with guiding questions, which were analyzed using content analysis to this activity.
 
Theoretical Framework: Primary Health Care is considered a reorganization of the care model that was centered on illness and hospital treatment. It is the gateway to the SUS, with actions aimed at health promotion, prevention and rehabilitation. It is also an important space to reaffirm the assumptions of the Psychiatric Reform.
 
Method: This is qualitative research developed with twelve professionals from three Basic Health Units located in the city of Apucarana, Paraná. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews with guiding questions, which were analyzed using content analysis, which allowed the identification of three categories of analysis.
 
Results and Discussion: This study revealed that health professionals are unaware of the role of social workers in mental health in Primary Care. Furthermore, they attribute mental health care almost exclusively to psychologists/psychiatrists, reaffirming the care centered on the hegemonic medical model. However, they can perceive the need for this professional to be part of the health team and how much he or she can contribute through his or her broad perspective and training, which provides critical reflection on work processes.
 
Research Implications: The research highlights the need for social workers to work with health teams on the socio-educational axis for the initial process of deconstructing the concepts of mental health and madness that exist and consolidating the principles of psychiatric reform.
 
Originality/Value: This study seeks to reiterate the need for Public Policies in the area of ​​mental health to be implemented and deployed so that this socio-occupational space is occupied by the professional Social Worker more greatly and that it integrates these multidisciplinary health teams.
Museu dos sonhos possíveis no instagram
Authors: Carvalho Daniela , Morato Ana Claudia da Motta Coelho de Resende
Published: February 2025

Esse texto é resultande de uma pesquisa para a criação do Museu dos Sonhos Possíveis que controu com a participação de dois professores e duas professoras da rede pública de ensino de Uberlândia (MG). Os docentes compartilham suas memórias em relação a sonhos, no exercício profissional no ambiente escolar, que se tornaram possíveis. Tendo como aporte teórico os pensamentos de Bakhtin e Paulo Freire, contextualizamos a relevância dos sonhos para uma ação docente consciente e modificadora de vidas. A base metodológica é a curadoria educativa proposta por Miriam Martins. Discutimos o quanto o compartilhamento de experiências entre os professores pode contribuir para o fortalecimento da docência.
A Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa Crítica no ensino da Química
Authors: Santos Vandreza Souza dos , Rizzatti Ivanise Maria
Published: February 2025

Este artigo traz uma reflexão a respeito da evolução da Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa (ASC) à sua vertente crítica, Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa Crítica (TASC), apresentando conceitos próprios da teoria e que são necessários para seu entendimento. Trata-se, portanto, de uma pesquisa qualitativa e que apresenta seus resultados por meio da hermenêutica crítica e reflexiva. Apresenta-se como resultado, a possibilidade de utilizar a TASC como embasamento teórico para construção de materiais instrucionais de aprendizagem, como uma Unidade de Ensino Potencialmente Significativa (UEPS) que foi construída e que possui bases teóricas alicerçadas na TASC, com objetivos, princípios e ações que vão ao encontro do que é proposto na teoria; a fim de que professores e estudantes possam utilizar este material potencialmente significativo nas aulas de Química, para abordar conceitos sobre biomoléculas. Ressalta-se que a pesquisa realizada possa servir como referencial teórico para discussões futuras sobre o uso da teoria em processos de ensino e de aprendizagem da Química, bem como, que a construção da UEPS promova a discussão científica a respeito da inserção de teorias cognitivas no cenário educacional, podendo este ser modificado e melhorado se teorias como a TASC forem compreendidas em sua totalidade e aplicadas na construção de propostas educativas, currículos, ações pedagógicas, materiais didáticos, entre outros.
Precepção dos profissionais de saúde em um hospital escola sobre cuidados paliativos em pediatria
Authors: Xavier Fernanda , Xavier Juliana
Published: February 2025

The philosophy of palliative care is about maximizing a persons quality of life. Through physical, social, psychological, spiritual and family support, in a meaningful and effective way, the patient is given the possibility of being themselves in a time of difficulty. This is a quantitative-qualitative research, which used structured and semi-structured interview techniques, carried out in Goiânia, with a sample of 30 health professionals, who were actively working in sectors of the Pediatrics Department of the Hospital das Clínicas de Goiás - EBSERH. The average age of the participants was 30.97 years, with a predominance of females. Approximately 56.7% were single and doctors were the most prevalent in the study. In relation to the questionnaires, the majority stated that they felt insecure when talking about palliative care, in addition to stating that they did not believe in the teams preparation regarding this topic. The results of the semi- -structured interview were arranged into topics, the most prevalent of which were training, care and communication. There is a need to expand the discussion about CPP, to better apply its principles.
Hipertricose generalizada exuberante em um lactente: relato de caso
Authors: Bordignon Gabriel , Spinardi Pietra , Serpa Laura , Boguchewski Ana Paula , Almeida Nadia
Published: February 2025

Hypertrichosis is characterized by excessive hair growth in any body region, occurring either in a localized or generalized manner. The last one is commonly associated with genetic syndromes or use of specific drugs. This case report presents an infant with mucopolysaccharidosis type II who underwent a bone marrow transplant (BMT) and received cyclosporine, consequently exhibiting an exacerbated condition of generalized hypertrichosis. The aim of this study is to review the main causes of hypertrichosis and discuss hypotheses regarding the development of this pathology.
Obstáculos no tratamento da dor pediátrica: visão dos profissionais de saúde de um hospital universitário
Authors: Molinari Poliana , Alvarenga Gabriela , Swenson Lais , Ferreira Esther
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The treatment of pain in children is considered essential in their heathcare and must be carried out through excellent assessment and therapeutic planning. In this scenario, there are still difficulties in assistance and gaps in knowledge. Objective: To verify what are the barriers to pain treatment from the perspective of health professionals who work in a university hospital. Method: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional survey study, with health professionals from different pediatric sectors of the University Hospital of Jundiaí Faculty of Medicine. Results: There were 56 health professionals, an average of 41 years old, 91.1% female, 80.4% with a degree in medicine and an average training time of 15 years. Around 65% use pain assessment scales on a routine basis and 50% stated that there is no protocol for treating children pain in their work sector. About 83% believe that pain is underdiagnosed and/or undertreated and 26.8% had a good pai education during their graduation. Around 34% expressed fear of prescribing opioids. Regarding morphine, 17.9% agreed that it is only used in extreme situations and for patients in palliative care and 26.8% do not feel comfortable prescribing it. To improve pain treatment, 67.5% suggest pain education and training and almost 40% the development of institutional protocols. Conclusion: The main barriers to pain treatment were: lack of training/ learning in pain, lack of institutional protocol and lack of knowledge for prescribing and managing opioids.
CARACTERÍSTICAS ANTROPOMÉTRICAS EM ESTUDANTES NO CURSO DE MEDICINA: UM ESTUDO DE CAMPO
Authors: Leopoldino Clarice França Lira , Trigueiro Desiree Almeida , Santana Fábio Carvalho , Soares Jonathans Gabriel de Oliveira , Montenegro Lívia de Siqueira , Arruda Isabela Tatiana Sales de , Assunção Viviane Rosado Negreiros de
Published: February 2025

O objetivo da pesquisa é analisar como o Indíce de Massa Corporal (IMC) e a circunferência abdominal são modificados, comparando estudantes de diferentes períodos no curso de medicina. Observa-se que houve uma predominância nas classificações de Baixo Peso, Normal, Obesidade Mórbida e Obesidade Mórbida Muito Grave no período (p1+p3), enquanto Sobrepeso e Obesidade Moderada foram mais comuns no período (p9+p10). É importante ressaltar que, dentre os alunos analisados, apenas um apresentou um índice de massa corporal superior a 40, caracterizando Obesidade Mórbida Muito Grave. E dentre os alunos analisados, evidência que os alunos dos períodos iniciais se mostram mais saudáveis que os alunos dos períodos finais.  Ao analisar os alunos, os do (p9+p10) apresentaram uma maior prevalência nos intervalos (81-90, 91-100, >100), enquanto os do (p1+p3) mostraram uma predominância nos intervalos (60-70, 71-80). Essa observação sugere que os alunos dos períodos iniciais tendem a ter uma circunferência abdominal menor quando comparados aos alunos dos períodos finais. Sugere-se que mesmo com o excesso de atividades acadêmicas, estes estudantes busquem programas de recreação e hábitos de vida mais saudáveis. Como futuros profissionais de saúde, assumirão o papel de difundir a promoção de saúde e a prevenção de doenças e praticar estes conceitos de maneira coerente e equilibrada.
Migración por motivos laborales al interior de la república mexicana: un análisis geoespacial para la población de Mazatlán, Sinaloa
Authors: Lara López Felipe , Vázquez Morán Israel , Manriquez García Naim
Published: February 2025

El objetivo de este documento es realizar un análisis geoespacial acerca de la dinámica migratoria con base en información censal. Para ello, se realiza un modelo de flujos de interacción de la población interestatal mediante Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG). Los hallazgos indican que la gran parte de la población de Mazatlán migra a entidades del occidente del país (Jalisco y Nayarit), mientras que otra parte lo hace a otras entidades del noroeste (Baja California) y sureste (Península de Yucatán). La importancia de conocer los flujos migratorios de la población sinaloense cobra relevancia cuando se identifica las principales características (actividades económicas) de aquellas entidades a las que los sinaloenses deciden migrar por cuestiones laborales. También, resulta importante conocer las principales variables sociodemográficas de la población sinaloense que migra a otras entidades. A propósito, al identificar los anteriores factores clave permita diseñar estrategias de políticas públicas para conservar el capital humano en el estado de Sinaloa con propuestas internas y disminuir la migración.
Grand Challenges in Engineering Project Organization
Authors: Vivek Sakhrani  , Paul S. Chinowsky  , John E. Taylor
Published: February 2025

Grand Challenges are ambitious yet specific goals to galvanize a scholarly community for focused research and high impact. We solicited contributions from ten leading thinkers in the field of Engineering Project Organization (EPO) to elicit their visions for EPO research. Based on content analysis of the text in these statements, and analytical concept mapping, we created a Grand Challenges synthesis framework to set the stage for the future of EPO research. This technical paper describes the six Grand Challenges and associated research thrusts that could define the future of scholarship and impact in the field. The paper also reflects on recent contributions to the field and identifies both barriers and community aspirations to addressing the Grand Challenges.
Opsimodisplasia: relato de um caso raro de displasia esquelética com abordagem clínica e diagnóstica
Authors: Mendonça Mikaellen Candido , Stival Juliana Gomes , Almeida Ryan Júnior Bastos , Souza Lis Ribeiro , Simões Angélica Lima Brandão
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Relatar um caso raro de opsimodisplasia (OPS), no intuito de melhorar o entendimento das manifestações dessa condição e discutir as opções de manejo clínico disponíveis, dado o prognóstico reservado que geralmente acompanha a doença. Detalhamento do caso: Caso de uma paciente de 5 anos que apresenta baixa estatura, crescimento ósseo atrasado e anomalias esqueléticas desde o nascimento. Os sintomas principais incluem encurtamento dos membros, macrocefalia e deformidades nos membros e tórax. O diagnóstico de OPS foi confirmado por análise clínica e exame molecular, que identificou variantes no gene INPPL1. Desde o nascimento, a paciente é acompanhada por uma equipe multidisciplinar. Realizou cirurgia corretiva para geno varo aos 4 anos e 10 meses. O diagnóstico definitivo foi obtido em 2019 por meio de exame de exoma, que revelou variantes patogênicas. Apesar de intervenções de suporte, o quadro permanece sem tratamento curativo disponível. Considerações finais: A opsismodisplasia representa um desafio diagnóstico e terapêutico, exigindo um acompanhamento contínuo para controle de sintomas e melhora da qualidade de vida. A presença de uma equipe multidisciplinar é essencial para o manejo dessa condição complexa e permanente.
Adesão medicamentosa e nível de conhecimento dos idosos sobre polifarmácia
Authors: Martins Thaylane Barbosa , Tinoco Hosana Lopes Pinheiro , Coutinho Rosana de Jesus Santos Martins , Nogueira Ana Larissa Araújo , Bogea Eduarda Gomes
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: avaliar a prevalência de polifarmática em idosos e a utilização de medicamentos. Métodos: Estudo transversal com abordagem descritiva e análise quantitativa, realizada com idosos atendidos em Unidades Básicas de Miranda do Norte, Maranhão. Foi aplicado questionário entrurado em blocos com variáveis sociodemográficos, de utilização da medicação e polifarmácia. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva, por meio do programa STATA®. Resultados: Dos 66 idosos que participaram do estudo 53,58% eram do sexo feminino. A média de idade observada foi de 69,6 ± 6,4 anos. Dos idosos 93,44% compreendem a razão de suas prescrições, 45,45% sabem o nome dos medicamentos, 25,76% já deixaram de utilizar o medicamento porque não queriam tomar.  Dentre os idosos, 87,88% sabem o horário da medicação, 81,82% utilizam conforme prescrição e 69,70% utilizam medicamentos sem prescrição médica. As patologias mais prevalentes nos idosos foram hipertensão arterial e diabetes mellitus. Cerca de 26% dos idosos, ao realizarem consultas, saem com dúvidas da consulta. A prevalência de polifarmácia foi de 48,48%, em que 68,18% consideram que utilizar muitos medicamentos leva prejuízos à saúde. Conclusão: Notou-se que os idosos do presente estudo apresentaram elevada prevalência de polifarmácia e baixa adesão medicamentosa.
СЕЛЕВОЙ РЕЖИМ ТЕРРИТОРИИ ГОРОДСКОГО ОКРУГА "ГОРОД ЮЖНО-САХАЛИНСК"
Authors: РЫБАЛЬЧЕНКО С В. , КАЗАКОВА Е Н.
Published: February 2025

В данной работе собраны и обобщены наиболее полные и достоверные данные о селевых процессах в пределах Сусунайского хребта. На основе собранных и проанализированных материалов определены особенности селевых процессов на территории городского округа «Город Южно-Сахалинск»; собраны и проанализированы по прямым и косвенным признакам сведения об исторических селях и селевых катастрофах; определены корреляционные зависимости исторических селей от селеформирующих факторов, имеющих пространственно-временную цикличность; на основе сведений об исторических селях и установленных корреляционных зависимостей определен селевой режим территории.

This work collects and summarizes the most complete and reliable data on mudflow processes within the Susunai range. On the basis of the collected and analyzed materials, the features of mudflow processes in the territory of the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk urban district were determined; information about historical mudflows and mudslide disasters were collected and analyzed by direct and indirect signs; correlation dependences of historical mudflows on mudflow-forming factors with spatial and temporal cyclicity were determined; based on information about historical mudflows and established correlation dependencies, the mudflow regime of the territory is determined.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПО РЕЗУЛЬТАТАМ ИЗМЕРЕНИЙ СКОРОСТИ ЗВУКА У ЮГО-ВОСТОЧНОГО ПОБЕРЕЖЬЯ О. САХАЛИН
Authors: ТИХОНЧУК Е А.
Published: February 2025

В работе приведен анализ экспедиционных данных измерений, проведенных СКБ САМИ ДВО РАН у юго-восточного побережья о. Сахалин (Тонино-Анивский полуостров). Представлены вертикальные профили изменения скорости звука. Выявлены особенности формирования термохалинной структуры вод в рассматриваемом районе. Строение поля скорости звука на юго-восточном сахалинском шельфе имеет неоднородный характер. В большинстве случаев при проведении измерений в Охотском море выявлена зависимость профиля скорости звука от температурной кривой. Холодный промежуточный слой создает условия для формирования подводного звукового канала. В наиболее удаленных от побережья точках измерения профиль скорости звука определяется не только температурным профилем, но и вертикальным распределением солености, которое формируется под влиянием поступающих в южноохо-томорский район потока вод течения Соя.

The paper presents an analysis of the expeditionary measurement data carried out by SRB FEB RAS near the south-eastern coast of the Sakhalin island (Tonino-Aniva Peninsula). Vertical profiles of the speed of sound are presented. The features of the formation of the thermohaline structure of the sea water in this area were revealed. The structure of the sound speed field on the southeastern Sakhalin shelf is heterogeneous. In most cases, measurements in the Sea of Okhotsk revealed a dependence of the sound speed profile on the temperature curve. The cold intermediate layer creates conditions for the formation of an underwater sound channel. At the farthest from the coast measurement points the sound speed profile is determined not only by the temperature profile, but also by the vertical distribution of salinity, which is formed under the influence of the Soya Current water flow entering the South Okhotsk region.
ПРОГРАММНЫЙ МОДУЛЬ ОБРАБОТКИ СПУТНИКОВЫХ ДАННЫХ ДЛЯ КУРИЛЬСКИХ ОСТРОВОВ
Authors: ЛЕОНЕНКОВ Р В. , ШАБРАМОВА Л С.
Published: February 2025

В работе представлены результаты научно-исследовательских возможностей модулей «БД ПСПСХ» по анализу данных сейсмически и вулканически активных зон в части характерных тестовых участков Курильских островов, включающих основные компоненты ландшафтов этих зон, важные для дистанционного зондирования земли (ДЗЗ). В результате научных экспедиций с 2021 по 2023 год на Курильских островах были проведены комплексные вулканологические и спектральные исследования тестовых участков с целью тестирования программного модуля обработки спутниковых данных для Курильских островов. Используя разработанные модули были проанализированы группы точек, расположенных на острове Итуруп в районе вулкана Мачеха, где отчётливо просматриваются характерные достоверные признаки идентификации данных тестовых участков. Дальнейшее развитие и совершенствование этих модулей позволит отслеживать опасные изменения и тенденции, вовремя их обнаруживать и классифицировать по данным ДЗЗ.

The paper presents the results of the scientific research capabilities of the "DB PSPSH" modules for the analysis of data from seismically and volcanically active zones in terms of characteristic test sites of the Kuril Islands, including the main components of the landscapes of these zones, important for remote sensing of the Earth (remote sensing). As a result of scientific expeditions from 2021 to 2023, comprehensive volcanological and spectral studies of test sites were conducted on the Kuril Islands in order to test the satellite data processing software module for the Kuril Islands. Using the developed modules, groups of points located on Iturup Island in the area of Machekha volcano were analyzed, where characteristic reliable signs of identification of these test sites are clearly visible. Further development and improvement of these modules will make it possible to track dangerous changes and trends, detect them in time and classify them according to remote sensing data.
РАЗРАБОТКА КАРТЫ ОБЪЁМОВ СНЕГОПЕРЕНОСА ПРИ НИЗОВЫХ МЕТЕЛЯХ И ПОЗЁМКАХ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ О. САХАЛИН)
Authors: СЕРГЕЕВ М С.
Published: February 2025

В работе проводится расчёт и последующее сравнение данных объёмов снегопереноса при низовых метелях, посчитанных на основании данных метеостанций сети ГМС острова Сахалин. Результаты расчётов показывают большую разницу в значениях объёмов даже между метеостанциями, расположенными в пределах одной климатической зоны. Такие различия могут непосредственно влиять на результат проектной работы по защите автодорог от наносов снега. Для того, чтобы уменьшить значения ошибок в расчётах при выборе данных с разных метеостанций и облегчения определения объёмов снегопереноса при низовых метелях и позёмках было предложено использовать карту объёмов снегопереноса построенную методом интерполяции на которой нанесены изолинии объёмов снегопереноса на всей территории острова Сахалин. По убеждению автора такая карта поможет специалистам-проектировщикам более точно проектировать мероприятия по снегозадержанию и снегоборьбе на автодорогах острова.

The paper presents the calculation and subsequent comparison of data on snow drift volumes during ground blizzards, calculated on the basis of data from meteorological stations of the Sakhalin Island hydrometeorological network. The calculation results show a large difference in volume values even between meteorological stations located within the same climate zone. Such differences can directly affect the result of the design work on protecting highways from snow drifts. In order to reduce the error values in calculations when selecting data from different meteorological stations and to facilitate the determination of snow drift volumes during ground blizzards and drifting snow, it was proposed to use a map of snow drift volumes constructed by the interpolation method, which shows isolines of snow drift volumes throughout the entire territory of Sakhalin Island. The author believes that such a map will help design specialists more accurately design snow retention and snow control measures on the island's highways.
Variation of Gypsum Compound on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Lightweight Brick from Rice Husk
Authors: Arsita Erra , Supriyadi Asep , Sutandar Erwin
Published: February 2025

The construction development in Indonesia increases the demand for building materials, including lightweight bricks as wall materials. Recent innovations utilize natural materials, such as rice husk, as an alternative mixture that is environmentally friendly and can reduce the volume weight of lightweight bricks. This research uses gypsum compound as a cement substitute binder in a mixture of rice husk lightweight bricks to analyze the effect of variations in the use of gypsum on the physical and mechanical properties of lightweight bricks, as well as to determine the ideal percentage of gypsum compound and cement reduction. The research method used is experimental, with the manufacture of test specimens for visual testing, volume weight, water absorption, sound resistance, heat resistance, drying shrinkage, compressive strength, and split tensile strength. The mix composition used a volume ratio of 1 cement: 3 rice husk, with gypsum substitution of 0%, 35%, 40%, 45%, and 50%. The results showed that adding gypsum to lightweight bricks can accelerate the hardening process but reduce its physical and mechanical performance, such as decreasing compressive strength and increasing water absorption. Therefore, this research does not recommend using gypsum compound to manufacture rice husk lightweight bricks.
Chromatographic Dynamic Chemisorption: An Alternative to Conventional Estimation of Metallic Dispersion
Authors: Burte Atharva S. , Abouthman Abeer O. , Thakkar Shreya , Capra Nicholas , Gopeesingh Joshua , Abdelrahman Omar A.
Published: February 2025

Rigorous standards for reporting the rate of catalytic turnovers over metallic nanoparticles entail normalizing the observed macroscopic observable rate with the active site density. Techniques like transmission electron micrographs and estimating carbon monoxide/ hydrogen uptake have been employed to characterize the active site density of Group 8 dispersed nanoparticles. Based on the principle of dynamic carbon monoxide (CO) chemisorption, the work delineates a novel technique using a gas chromatograph (GC) to estimate the active site density. The dispersion of a Micromeritics™ standard, which provides a benchmark, was measured using the proposed method and compared with conventional techniques. Furthermore, the dispersion of supported platinum group catalysts, varying in supported identity and metal loading, was measured. The amount of dispersed metal as low as 0.02 mg could be estimated by this technique.
Pyrrolic FeN4 models for FeNC catalysts: the influence of planarity on electronic properties and Mössbauer parameters
Authors: von Rhein Niklas , Low Jian Liang , Gallenkamp Charlotte , Paulus Beate , Krewald Vera
Published: February 2025

A promising alternative for platinum-based electrocata lysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction are single-atom catalysts, particularly those based on iron, nitrogen and carbon. The active sites in FeNC catalysts are conceived of as individual FeN4 centres embedded in a carbon matrix, often approximated by a planar sheet. While the coordination of FeN4 centres via pyridinic nitrogen atoms, i.e. six-membered rings, does not break the symmetry of the graphene plane, coordination via pyrrolic, i.e. five membered rings, induces defects in the carbon matrix that can lift its planarity. Deviation from planarity is expected to influence the electronic properties of the FeN4 centres. An open question is whether spectroscopic techniques can detect such differences. Among these, Mössbauer spec troscopy is of central importance to characterising FeNC catalyst materials. Since pyrrolic models have recently emerged as a spectroscopically and thermodynamically consistent model for FeNC active sites, we herein compare three different pyrrolic FeN4 models proposed in the literature and discuss whether and how these pyrrolic centres can be discerned spectroscopically.
Vibronic Trimer Design Enhancing Intramolecular Triplet-Exciton Hopping to Accelerate Triplet-Triplet Annihilation for Photon Upconversion
Authors: Kobori Yasuhiro , Higashi Kousuke , Okamoto Tsubasa , Iwaya Nanami , Sakuda Eri , Kay Christopher , Ikoma Tadaaki
Published: February 2025

Photon upconversion via triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA-UC) is well-known as a photophysical process that converts low-energy light into higher-energy light. This process has drawn attention for its potential in various fields including light-emitting device, power genera-tion, and medical applications. To promote these societal applications, it is desirable to develop TTA-UC materials that exhibit high ener-gy conversion efficiency. For this, TTA emitters with large TTA rate constants (kTTA) are required. However, molecular design for accel-erating the bimolecular rate constant of kTTA has not been considered. We present a strategy to increase kTTA by assembling multiple chromophores linked with a boron in a rotationally symmetric manner causing a symmetry breaking charge-transfer type triplet-exciton in the TTA emitter. We examined tri(9-anthryl)borane, which consists of three anthracenes linked via boron as the TTA emitter. Time-resolved luminescence measurements confirmed that kTTA is improved compared to the conventional TTA-UC system employing DPA, an anthracene-based monomer. Time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance measurements demonstrated that the improvement in kTTA is due to fast intramolecular triplet exciton hopping coupled with vibrational motions in the trimer molecule, expanding reactivity at collision distance between the excitons through the pseudo-rotational motions. The present TTA emitter molecular designs which im-prove the TTA reactivity is expected to contribute to the future development of TTA-UC materials.
Refinement and Truncation of DNA Aptamers based on Molecular Dynamics Simulations: Computational Protocol and Experimental Validation
Authors: Díaz-Fernández Ana , S. Ciudad Camen , Díaz Natalia , Suárez Dimas , de-los-Santos-Álvarez Noemí , Lobo-Castañón M. Jesús
Published: February 2025

Aptamers have proven useful for a wide variety of applications, such as drug delivery systems and analytical reagents for diagnosis or food safety control. Conventional aptamer selection methods typically produce sequences longer than necessary, which are optimized through a post-selection trial and error process to obtain the shortest-length sequence that preserves binding affinity. Herein, we describe a general strategy to obtain the tridimensional structure of DNA aptamers using a semiautomated molecular dynamics protocol, which serves as a guide to rationally improve experimentally selected candidates. Based on this approach, we designed truncated aptamers from previously described ligands recognizing different peptides and proteins, which are 20-35% shorter than the original candidates and present similar or even improved binding affinities. Moreover, we also discriminate between energetically similar secondary structures in terms of the energetic scoring of the molecular dynamics trajectories, and rationally explain the role of poly-thymine spacers in the (de)stabilization of the structure. This work demonstrates how a protocol for generating the aptamers tridimensional structure can accelerate their optimization for obtaining better analytical reagents and therapeutic agents.
Intactness of Synthetic vs. Natural Polymeric Micelles in Physiological Conditions: A Comparative Review
Authors: Polat Onur K. , Polat Hurriyet , Eren Merve C. , Polat Mehmet , Zeybek Nuket , Koss Kyle M.
Published: February 2025

Typical synthetic polymeric micelles are nano-sized core/shell structures of self-assembled aggregates of amphiphilic molecules. The hydrophilic "head" sections of the molecules form a shell in contact with water, whereas the hydrophobic "tails" are sequestered in the aggregate’s core, which has the potential to capture and protect water-insoluble drugs. However, these structures are shown to lose their integrity in body fluids due to dilution and protein interactions. The natural polymeric micelles (such as chitosan, alginate, collagen etc.) have attracted significant interest in recent years as drug delivery agents in the pharmaceutical field as they provide controlled release, drug targeting, hydrophobic active material solubilization, and high cell uptake efficiency due to their small size, with the added advantage of intrinsic biocompatibility and biodegradability, which is always a question with synthetic polymers. However, biopolymers in their natural form are not suitable for self-assembly, and they require assistance through the chemical modification of biopolymer molecules to obtain hydrophobic functional groups for self-assembly. However, recent studies have shown that the stability problem of synthetic polymeric micelles that encapsulate drugs physically still remains for natural polymeric micelles in the presence of proteins, even though they maintain their integrity with dilution in blood plasma, unlike synthetic polymeric micelles. This requires additional surface modifications to make the natural polymeric micelles protein resistant in the blood. Sometimes, the chemical modification of biopolymeric molecules is provided by the chemical bonding of hydrophobic drug molecules for self-assembly and to maintain the integrity of these types of micelles. However, this type of chemical bonding requires a detailed study on the efficiency of drug molecules that may be affected.
Designing reversible photoswitching azobenzene modified nucleotide for controlling biological function
Authors: Li Juncheng , Du Jinxi , He Weiwei , Adelakun Ibrahim , Zhong Miao , Boyer Savia , Zheng Ya Ying , Lin Qishan , Kirmizialtin Serdal , Sheng Jia , Wang Ting
Published: February 2025

RNA plays vital roles in numerous normal and diseased cellular functions and processes. Reversible photoregulation of oligonucleotide’s structure and function is a powerful strategy for both regulating biological processes and developing novel RNA-based therapeutics. Here, we designed an azobenzene modified cytidine phosphoramidite and synthesized a series of RNA oligonucleotides containing this photoswitchable residue. We validated the reversible photoisomerization in both nucleoside and oligonucleotide contexts, and studied the overall impact of this cytidine modification through all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and UV melting experiments. We also showed that the modified oligonucleotide can switch reverse transcription (RT) process upon light irradiation in the presence of various RT enzymes. In addition, the optical control mechanism of HIV reverse transcriptase mediated RT process was elucidated by MD simulation. This new chemical biology toolset enables reversible optical control of RNA structures and functions for gene regulation and novel drug development.
¿El psicoanálisis es una hermenéutica?
Authors: Ortiz Salazar Belinda Magali
Published: February 2025

En este artículo se hace la revisión de la relación que existe entre hermenéutica y psicoanálisis, con base en los trabajos de algunos de los principales psicoanalistas y filósofos. Inicialmente, se analiza la lectura de Daniel Gerber; al respecto, se extraen elementos esenciales de la obra freudiana que dan sustento al trabajo de Ricoeur. Luego, se exponen las propuestas de Paul Ricoeur y Hans-Georg Gadamer y, finalmente, se retoma la crítica de Jacques Lacan y Michel Tort para dar cuenta del problema.
El mito del origen de la cultura. Diálogos sobre la horda primordial de Sigmund Freud
Authors: Echeverría García Jaime
Published: February 2025

En Tótem y tabú, escrito en 1913, Sigmund Freud planteó la hipótesis de la horda primordial como aquel tiempo-espacio indeterminado en el que ocurrieron acontecimientos sumamente dramáticos, los cuales detonaron el origen de la cultura. Todo comienza con la existencia de un pequeño grupo conformado por el padre, quien, de forma autoritaria, posee a todas las mujeres y priva a sus hijos del acceso a ellas. Cansados de la situación, estos deciden confabularse contra el padre para asesinarlo y, posteriormente, comérselo. La conciencia de culpa detonada por el parricidio original permitirá el surgimiento de una nueva organización social (el clan de hermanos), un sistema religioso (el totemismo) y la instauración de un sistema normativo, liderado por la prohibición del incesto. En este artículo se propone análisis de la hipótesis freudiana desde tres pares de conceptos: mito e historia, naturaleza y cultura, y filogénesis y ontogénesis.
Una escucha emancipada de la canción de intervención Un violador en tu camino
Authors: Jordán Espino Manuel Alejandro
Published: February 2025

Este ensayo trata sobre el potencial emancipatorio del canto de intervención Un violador en tu camino. Los presupuestos teóricos para este análisis son una estética-política de la escucha configurada, a partir del programa filosófico de Jacques Rancière, así como de la estructura patriarcal-colonial-modernidad de Rita Laura Segato en la forma del censo, la tutela, el adueñamiento y la proscripción de las voces de lo ser mujer. Lo que se postula, en este texto, es que la canción-performance es la irrupción de una forma singular de colocarse y asumirse en un mundo heteronormado por medio de la voz, con el fin de inaugurar una nueva manera de crear comunidad. Lo que se desea acentuar es que este canto pone en marcha una estasis en contra del “mandato de violación” y, así, transgrede nociones y actitudes disciplinarias que prescriben la aniquilación óntica de las voces disidentes.
CRISPR/Cas9: la mitología genomizada
Authors: Mora Barbosa Martha Alicia , Noguera Solano Ricardo
Published: February 2025

El deseo de mejoramiento humano ha interesado a la sociedad a lo largo de la historia. Los mitos contienen gran parte de esos anhelos, al renovarse con el tiempo y adquirir nuevos matices. En este trabajo mostramos cómo los elementos ligados a los deseos de inmortalidad del viejo mito sumerio de la Epopeya de Gilgamesh renacen en los nuevos deseos construidos en torno a crispr/Cas9. Esta es una herramienta exitosa de la biología molecular, visible en las reflexiones del transhumanismo, relacionadas con el deseo de la amortalidad, de la eterna juventud y de erradicar las enfermedades del ser humano.
Subjetivación superyoica y psicología del neoliberalismo1
Authors: Haber Stéphane
Published: February 2025

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Introducción
Authors: Lara Villareal Guillermo , González Mendoza Luis Ernesto
Published: February 2025

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El problema metafísico de la muerte en Agustín Basave
Authors: Buganza Jacob
Published: February 2025

Este trabajo tiene por objetivo recuperar la filosofía de Basave desde el problema crucial de la muerte. En México, el filósofo jalisciense es uno de los que, con mayor decisión, ha profundizado en este tema y, replegándose a la tradición de la filosofía cristiana, ha brindado una respuesta personal que vale la pena tener en cuenta. El artículo examina la perspectiva basaviana; especialmente, retoma sus libros Tratado de metafísica y Metafísica de la muerte, obras en las que se aprecia su desacuerdo con la posición de autores como Heidegger y Sartre, quienes, en su momento histórico, gozaron de enorme popularidad. Aunque el artículo no pretende realizar un examen pormenorizado que implicaría una comparación entre las posiciones de Basave, Heidegger y Sartre (pues el trabajo versa sobre el filósofo mexicano), consiste en sostener la plenitud subsistencial frente a la limitación y la finitud propuestas por los filósofos europeos.