bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Why Bioethics Needs a Disability Moral Psychology
Authors: Stramondo Joseph A.
Published: March 2016

The deeply entrenched, sometimes heated conflict between the disability movement and the profession of bioethics is well known and well documented. Critiques of prenatal diagnosis and selective abortion are probably the most salient and most sophisticated of disability studies scholars’ engagements with bioethics, but there are many other topics over which disability activists and scholars have encountered the field of bioethics in an adversarial way, including health care rationing, growth‐attenuation interventions, assisted reproduction technology, and physician‐assisted suicide.

The tension between the analyses of the disabilities studies scholars and mainstream bioethics is not merely a conflict between two insular political groups, however; it is, rather, also an encounter between those who have experienced disability and those who have not. This paper explores that idea. I maintain that it is a mistake to think of this conflict as arising just from a difference in ideology or political commitments because it represents a much deeper difference—one rooted in variations in how human beings perceive and reason about moral problems. These are what I will refer to as variations of moral psychology. The lived experiences of disability produce variations in moral psychology that are at the heart of the moral conflict between the disability movement and mainstream bioethics. I will illustrate this point by exploring how the disability movement and mainstream bioethics come into conflict when perceiving and analyzing the moral problem of physician‐assisted suicide via the lens of the principle of respect for autonomy. To reconcile its contemporary and historical conflict with the disability movement, the field of bioethics must engage with and fully consider the two groups’ differences in moral perception and reasoning, not just the explicit moral and political arguments of the disability movement.
Hepatic gene transfer of human aquaporin‐1 improves bile salt secretory failure in rats with estrogen‐induced cholestasis
Authors: Marrone Julieta , Soria Leandro R. , Danielli Mauro , Lehmann Guillermo L. , Larocca Maria Cecilia , Marinelli Raúl A.
Published: March 2016

The adenoviral gene transfer of human aquaporin‐1 (hAQP1) water channels to the liver of 17α‐ethinylestradiol‐induced cholestatic rats improves bile flow, in part by enhancing canalicular hAQP1‐mediated osmotic water secretion. To gain insight into the mechanisms of 17α‐ethinylestradiol cholestasis improvement, we studied the biliary output of bile salts (BS) and the functional expression of the canalicular BS export pump (BSEP; ABCB11). Adenovector encoding hAQP1 (AdhAQP1) or control vector was administered by retrograde intrabiliary infusion. AdhAQP1‐transduced cholestatic rats increased the biliary output of major endogenous BS (50%‐80%, P < 0.05) as well as that of taurocholate administered in choleretic or trace radiolabel amounts (around 60%, P < 0.05). Moreover, liver transduction with AdhAQP1 normalized serum BS levels, otherwise markedly elevated in cholestatic animals. AdhAQP1 treatment was unable to improve BSEP protein expression in cholestasis; however, its transport activity, assessed by adenosine triphosphate‐dependent taurocholate transport in canalicular membrane vesicles, was induced by 90% (P < 0.05). AdhAQP1 administration in noncholestatic rats induced no significant changes in either biliary BS output or BSEP activity. Canalicular BSEP, mostly present in raft (high cholesterol) microdomains in control rats, was largely found in nonraft (low cholesterol) microdomains in cholestasis. Considering that BSEP activity directly depends on canalicular membrane cholesterol content, decreased BSEP presence in rafts may contribute to BSEP activity decline in 17α‐ethinylestradiol cholestasis. In AdhAQP1‐transduced cholestatic rats, BSEP showed a canalicular microdomain distribution similar to that of control rats, which provides an explanation for the improved BSEP activity. Conclusion: Hepatocyte canalicular expression of hAQP1 through adenoviral gene transfer promotes biliary BS output by modulating BSEP activity in estrogen‐induced cholestasis, a novel finding that might help us to better understand and treat cholestatic disorders. (Hepatology 2016;64:535‐548)
Comparing Raman and fluorescence lifetime spectroscopy from human atherosclerotic lesions using a bimodal probe
Authors: Dochow Sebastian , Fatakdawala Hussain , Phipps Jennifer E. , Ma Dinglong , Bocklitz Thomas , Schmitt Michael , Bishop John W. , Margulies Kenneth B. , Marcu Laura , Popp Jürgen
Published: March 2016

Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIm) and Raman spectroscopy are two promising methods to support morphological intravascular imaging techniques with chemical contrast. Both approaches are complementary and may also be used in combination with OCT/IVUS to add chemical specificity to these morphologic intravascular imaging modalities. In this contribution, both modalities were simultaneously acquired from two human coronary specimens using a bimodal probe. A previously trained SVM model was used to interpret the fluorescence lifetime data; integrated band intensities displayed in RGB false color images were used to interpret the Raman data. Both modalities demonstrate unique strengths and weaknesses and these will be discussed in comparison to histologic analyses from the two coronary arteries imaged.

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Combination of non‐thermal plasma and biotrickling filter for chlorobenzene removal
Authors: Jiang Liying , Li Hui , Chen Jianmeng , Zhang Di , Cao Shuling , Ye Jiexu
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND

Non‐thermal plasma (NTP) combined with a biotrickling filter (BTF) system is an alternative process to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The removal performance of this system and the factors that influence it, namely, initial concentration, specific input energy, empty‐bed residence time, and inlet loading rate, were studied.

RESULTS

The coupled system exhibited better removal of chlorobenzene compared with the single‐BTF system. Analysis of CO2 production revealed that the coupled system affords higher production of CO2 and greater mineralization of chlorobenzene. A decrease in biomass accumulation and pressure drop in the coupled system greater than that in the single‐BTF reactor were observed. These results indicate that NTP pretreatment may be an efficient strategy for reducing bioreactor clogging without damaging the BTF performance. Analysis of the alpha diversity and microbial communities of the two BTFs by high‐throughput sequencing revealed that the biological diversity and biomass content of the single‐BTF system were higher than those of the coupled system.

CONCLUSION

Since the combined NTP–BTF system is highly efficient, it may be a promising system for VOCs degradation. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Silk fibroin scaffold as a potential choice for female pelvic reconstruction: A study on the biocompatibility in abdominal wall, pelvic, and vagina
Authors: Chang Yue , Sun Xiuli , Li Qi , Ding Xili , Liu Haifeng , Wang Jianliu
Published: March 2016

The aim of this study was to compare the tissue reactions to silk fibroin scaffolds in the abdominal wall, vagina, and pelvic vesico‐uterine of rats. Silk fibroin scaffolds were implanted subcutaneously in the abdominal, pelvic vesico‐uterine space, and under the vaginal mucosa of 16 rats. The animals were euthanized at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to evaluate cellular infiltration, the percentage of macrophages and granulocytes inside and around the scaffolds. The amounts of M1/M2 macrophages at the interface of scaffolds and host tissue were evaluated through an immunofluorescence assay. The degree of acute inflammation was similar among the three groups, and lasted no more than 4 weeks. A faster ingrowth of fibroblasts was found in the abdominally implanted silk fibroin scaffolds, while vaginal implanted scaffolds committed a slower tissue ingrowth rate and much more macrophages infiltration than the pelvic and abdominal group. However, a significantly higher amount of M2 cells were seen in the three groups. In general, silk fibroin has nice biocompatibility in the abdominal, vagina, and pelvic tissue, eliciting healthy tissue formation, and might be a potential choice for female pelvic reconstruction. Microsc. Res. Tech. 80:291–297, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mapping phase diagrams of supported lipid bilayers by atomic force microscopy
Authors: Borrell Jordi H. , Montero M. Teresa , Domènech Òscar
Published: March 2016

In this work, we present the method followed to construct a pseudophase diagram of two phospholipids: 1‐palmitoyl‐2‐oleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphoethanolamine and 1‐palmitoyl‐2‐oleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phospho‐(1′‐rac‐glycerol). Two different techniques, DSC and AFM, have been used based in the determination of the onset (Tonset) and completion (Toffset) temperatures of the gel‐to‐liquid crystalline phases (Lβ→Lα), the first from the endotherms from liposomes and the second from the topographic images of supported lipid bilayers. The features of both phase diagrams are discussed emphasizing the influence of Ca2+ presence and the substrate (mica) on the transition undergone by the phospholipid mixture. Microsc. Res. Tech. 80:4–10, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
On Crossing Numbers of Complete Tripartite and Balanced Complete Multipartite Graphs
Authors: Gethner Ellen , Hogben Leslie , Lidický Bernard , Pfender Florian , Ruiz Amanda , Young Michael
Published: March 2016

The crossing number cr(G) of a graph G is the minimum number of crossings in a drawing of G in the plane with no more than two edges intersecting at any point that is not a vertex. The rectilinear crossing number of G is the minimum number of crossings in a such drawing of G with edges as straight line segments. Zarankiewicz proved in 1952 that . We generalize the upper bound to
urn:x-wiley:03649024:media:jgt22041:jgt22041-math-0004and prove . We also show that for n large enough, and , with the tighter rectilinear lower bound established through the use of flag algebras. A complete multipartite graph is balanced if the partite sets all have the same cardinality. We study asymptotic behavior of the crossing number of the balanced complete r‐partite graph. Richter and Thomassen proved in 1997 that the limit as of over the maximum number of crossings in a drawing of exists and is at most . We define and show that for a fixed r and the balanced complete r‐partite graph, is an upper bound to the limit superior of the crossing number divided by the maximum number of crossings in a drawing.
Therapeutic efficacy of natural dipeptide carnosine against human cervical carcinoma cells
Authors: Pandurangan Muthuraman , Enkhtaivan Gansukh , Kim Doo Hwan
Published: March 2016

Natural substances have been attracted several researchers in the recent years, because of its potential antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory and anti‐cancer properties. We have investigated the effect of carnosine on cell viability, apoptosis, DNA damage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and caspase 3 enzyme expression in human cervical carcinoma and Madin‐Darby Kidney Cells (MDCK) cells. Carnosine inhibited cancer cell growth up to 23%. ROS level was increased up to 30 and 31% in MDCK and HeLa cells respectively. Tunnel assay showed 42 and 14% of positive apoptotic cells in cancer and normal cells respectively. The alteration in mitochondrial and nuclear morphology was determined. The extended lace‐like network of normal mitochondria found in control cells. Carnosine treatment significantly altered the mitochondrial morphology of normal cervical carcinoma cell. Mitochondria were condensed clump structures in carnosine treated cancer cells. Carnosine reduced the number of colonies of cervical carcinoma cells. Caspase 3 expression was corresponded to the appearance of immunofluorescence in the cytoplasm. Caspase 3 expression was gradually increased in cervical carcinoma cells. In Silico, docking study was performed to recognize the binding activity of carnosine against a subunit of the caspase 3, and carnosine was able to bind to the drug binding pocket of caspase 3. The glide energy is −5.2 kcal/mol, suggesting the high binding affinity of carnosine to caspase 3. Taking all these data together, the natural dipeptide L‐carnosine could be a suitable antiproliferative agent in cervical carcinoma cells. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel nonlinear large‐signal statistical model of GaN HEMT used in S‐band power amplifier design and yield estimation
Authors: Chen Zhikai , Xu Yuehang , Wang Changsi , Wen Zhang , Rong Chuicai , Xu Ruimin
Published: March 2016

A novel GaN high‐electron mobility transistor (HEMT) nonlinear large‐signal statistical model based on empirical equivalent circuit is proposed in this paper. Thirty‐four GaN HEMTs from 10 batches are measured, and all the parameters of the large‐signal model are extracted by in‐house parameter extraction program. We choose six most sensitive parameters of the drain‐source current model and the gate charge model. The statistical method is modeled by using a symbolic processing method to change the range of the six parameters. The statistical model is implemented in Agilent ADS software for validation. A S‐band GaN HEMT power amplifier is designed by using the established statistical model for demonstration purpose. The results show that good accuracy has been achieved by comparing measured and simulated output power (Pout) and power added efficiency (PAE). So it has been proven that this method is suitable for GaN HEMT power amplifier design and yield estimation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Team Member Perceptions of Software Team Leader Communication Influencing Motivation for Achievement of Project Goals
Authors: Fulkerson Robert E , Thompson Randall L. , Thompson Elizabeth H.
Published: March 2016

The purpose of this exploratory multiple‐case study was to explore team member perceptions of team leader communication and the perceived influence of that communication on motivation and drive to achieve project goals. The data collection tool consisted of face‐to‐face interviews with open‐ended questions. NVivo 10, Microsoft Access, and Microsoft Excel were the software tools used to analyze data. Study findings resulted from the highest participant count in combination with the highest participant response frequency, which identified four overriding categorical themes. Categorical themes evolved through multiple iterations of coding, theming, and categorizing case study data resulted in four major findings: (1) Good team leaders recognize and promote internal and external motivators that drive the effort to achieve goals; (2) respectful team leaders express personal consideration in communication, actions, and disposition; (3) a leader who micromanages team members and controls the information they receive may constrain their abilities, which could lead to resentment, low motivation, and less than optimal performance; and (4) effective, honest communication is a foundation for sharing information, building knowledge, and developing competency.
Resolving capacity of infrared–visible sum frequency generation microscopy to address discrete structural realizations of a protein at interface
Authors: Volkov Victor , Chelli Riccardo
Published: March 2016

In this article, we address theory and explore possible implications of infrared–visible sum frequency generation microscopy imaging for structural and orientational analysis of a single polypeptide at a phospholipid membrane interface. The suggested structural analysis is based on detection of amplitude (intensity) images specific to a single protein under a given orientation, rather than on detection of spectral dispersions of responses from orientationally averaged ensembles. To establish the principle and model implications, we perform quantum‐mechanical calculations of nonlinear responses of a pentadecapeptide helix and a penta‐pentadecapeptide helical dimer, the secondary structure of which is identical to that of gramicidin. Using properties of calculated amide I modes, we account polarization settings for the mixing fields, under the considered experimental geometry, to extract images specific to χYYY, χXYY, χXYX, χYZY, and χXYZnonlinearities. If extracted in dependence on the angle of rotation of the sample holder, the reconstructed images provide information, which may allow identifying structure and orientation of the proteins under study. Hence, the approach may help addressing catalytic properties of proteins, whose role is to attune chemical permeability of membranes they associate with. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of mesoporous silicon preparation condition on silver clustering and SERS enhancement
Authors: Mikac L. , Ivanda M. , Đerek V. , Gotić M.
Published: March 2016

Mesoporous Si samples, prepared by anodisation technique with different current densities (0.5–40 mA/cm2), were silver coated by using immersion plating into 10–2 and 10–3 m AgNO3 solutions. It was shown that different porous structures yield formation of different Ag crystals on the surface of mesoporous Si for the same immersion conditions. The effect of immersion time on the morphology of Ag crystals and the corresponding surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) activity were monitored by using the rhodamine 6G dye molecule. A strong difference in the enhancement factor of the SERS signal in the silver‐clustered mesoporous silicon in comparison with that in crystalline silicon was found. It was shown that respectable enhancement of the SERS substrates with detection limits of 10−9 m rhodamine 6G is possible to produce by optimisation of anodisation current, concentration of AgNO3 and silver crystals’ growth time. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recent Developments in the Study of Entrepreneurship and Territorial Economic Performance
Authors: Lafuente Esteban , Vaillant Yancy
Published: March 2016

The complexity of the entrepreneurial process calls for further research to disentangle its different impacts over the economic performance of territories.
Livestock Type is More Crucial Than Grazing Intensity: Traditional Cattle and Sheep Grazing in Short‐Grass Steppes
Authors: Tóth Edina , Deák Balázs , Valkó Orsolya , Kelemen András , Miglécz Tamás , Tóthmérész Béla , Török Péter
Published: March 2016

In biodiversity conservation of agriculture‐driven landscapes, grasslands have an outstanding importance; their conservation became a top priority both in research and practice. In many regions, sheep or cattle grazing are the best options for biodiversity conservation. In our study, we compared the effects of cattle and sheep grazing on short‐grass steppe vegetation under various grazing intensities. We tested the following study hypotheses: (i) sheep grazing maintains a lower taxonomic and functional diversity, lower amount of forbs compared with cattle grazing; and (ii) the effects of grazing are highly intensity dependent: the differences detected between cattle and sheep grazing are more pronounced at low grazing intensities than at high ones, because the selectivity of grazing decreases at higher intensities. We found lower taxonomic and functional diversity, and lower cover of forbs in sheep‐grazed steppes compared with cattle‐grazed ones. Grazing intensity had a significant effect only on species richness, while on Shannon diversity and evenness, only livestock type had a significant effect. While most single trait indices were affected by the type of the grazer, significant effect of intensity was detected only in few cases. These findings indicated that the selection of the livestock type is the most crucial in conservation; however, for proper ecosystem functioning and high trait variability, the suitable grazing intensity should also be carefully adjusted. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Research on space target detection ability calculation method and spectral filtering technology in sky‐screen's photoelectric system
Authors: Li Hanshan
Published: March 2016

Sky‐screen is a photoelectric sensor to detection flying target information in shooting range, to improve the detection ability of sky‐screen in strong background luminance, this article establishes the sky background luminance calculation model and the detection ability calculation model of sky‐screen, researches the space targets characteristics and SNR (signal‐to‐noise ratio) calculation model, analyzes the influence factors of strong background luminance and study different spectral filtering methods to improve the detection performance, discusses the influence factor that sky background luminance change and different layouts of sky‐screen to the detection system of sky‐screen. Through the calculation and experiment analysis, the results of the theoretical calculation and experiment testing on the detection ability of calculation model of sky‐screen are consistent, and the spectral filtering technology can improve the signal‐to‐noise ratio and the space target detection ability effectively in sky‐screen. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1035–1041, 2016
Compact circular patch UWB antenna with WLAN band notch characteristics
Authors: Mishra Gangadhara , Sahu Sudhakar
Published: March 2016

The present study demonstrates the designing and characterization of a circular patch antenna having an impedance bandwidth of 2.4–13.8 GHz with band notch at WLAN operating region. The small size (30 × 40 mm2) and large bandwidth (140.7% fractional band width) makes it suitable for different UWB applications. Different size reduction and matching techniques are used in this model to achieve a better response. The Quarter wave transformer matching technique is used for broad band impedance matching between the radiating circular patch and the 50 ohm source impedance. The simple design and good agreement between the simulation and the experimental results makes the design a suitable candidate for practical applications. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1068–1073, 2016
A 10‐GHz SIWG slot array antenna prototype on FR‐4 substrate
Authors: Silva Igor A. C. , Matos Leni. J. , Pinna Paula A. , Magri Vanessa P. R. , Souza Jorge A. M. , Campos Fabricio P. V.
Published: March 2016

A 10‐GHz Substrate Integrate Waveguide (SIWG) slot array antenna prototype assembled on FR‐4 substrate is proposed in this article. Simulations were made for the SIWG slot array antenna and the optimized ones. A pair of each simulated antenna was then manufactured and assembled on a FR‐4 substrate. Results of assembled antennas showed good agreement with the simulated ones, and presents 96° aperture angle with 150 MHz bandwidth in a real indoor environment test set, confirming that the FR‐4 substrate can be used for wide‐band wireless digital communication system at 10GHz frequency. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1059–1065, 2016
The design of a dual band omnidirectional horizontally polarized antenna with arc‐shaped lines and overlapping lines
Authors: Park Jae‐Sung , Choi Hak‐Keun , Oh Jung‐Hun
Published: March 2016

This article proposes a dual‐band horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna for wireless local area network (WLAN) applications. Typically, multiple elements with different sizes have been combined to create antennas that operate in two separate bands. Unlike such previous attempts, the proposed antenna achieves dual band operations by modifying the form of the feed line. The proposed antenna has a similar structure as the Alford loop antenna, but the existing straight feed lines of the Alford loop antenna are modified to arc‐shaped lines. The arc‐shaped feed lines are then attached to the antenna elements in four different directions. The voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the proposed antenna is <2:1 at the 2.4 (2.4–2.48) and 5 (5.15–5.825) GHz WLAN bands. The gain of the proposed antenna is above 0 dBi at the two bands. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1117–1121, 2016
Analysis of radio frequency power transmission between in/on‐body beam‐reconfigurable antennas in the medradio band
Authors: Kang Seonghun , Thuan Nguyen Van , Won Jung Chang
Published: March 2016

This article presents a performance analysis of beam‐reconfigurable in/on‐body antennas. Both antennas operated within the Medical Device Radio Communications Service band (MedRadio band: 401–406 MHz) and were designed to steer the beam directions. To implement the beam‐steering capability, the two antennas used two artificial switches. The in/on‐body antennas were fabricated on FR‐4 and fabric substrate, respectively. A skin‐mimicking model (εr = 46.74, σ = 0.69 S m−1) was adopted for the simulations and measurements of the two antennas. We performed transmission and reception tests between in/on‐body antennas in an antenna chamber. The test was implemented in various cases, with different antenna distance and angle values. In addition, we compared received power between the calculated results (by virtue of the Friis transmission equation) and the actual measured results, and summarize these findings herein. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1163–1169, 2016; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.29750
Low phase noise frequency tripled microwave signal generation using external optical modulation
Authors: Banerjee Chaudhuri Rangana , Das Barman Abhirup , Bhanja Sukhendu , Majumder Arijit , Kar Subal
Published: March 2016

A high purity low phase noise frequency tripled microwave signal at 6 GHz is generated by applying a 2‐GHz electrical drive signal to a quadrature biased Mach Zehnder intensity modulator (MZM). Frequency tripled signal is found advantageous compared to frequency doubled generation in terms of increased dynamic range of input electrical drive power and bias voltage stability of MZM. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1082–1085, 2016
UHF RFID dipole tag with modified multi‐fractal cantor arms for enhanced read range
Authors: Abraham Manju , Aju John K. K. , Jose K. Fijo , Mathew Thomaskutty
Published: March 2016

The design and development of a novel RFID tag, which exhibits enhanced read range for operation at European UHF RFID band (865–867 MHz) are presented. The RFID tag consists of a dipole antenna based on modified multi‐fractal cantor arms with an embedded T‐match network and an RFID chip connected to its terminals. Good impedance matching between the antenna and the chip is achieved by optimizing the iterated function system (IFS) transformation coefficients of the modified multifractal cantor arms and the dimensions of the embedded T‐match. The measured results of the read range for the proposed RFID tag are presented. The proposed RFID tag exhibits excellent read range over the entire elevation angular range and over a wide azimuth angular range. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1173–1175, 2016
Compact tri‐band wide‐slot monopole antenna with dual‐ring resonator for WLAN/WiMAX applications
Authors: Liu Guifeng , Liu Ying , Gong Shuxi
Published: March 2016

This letter presents a wide‐slot monopole antenna loaded with a dual‐ring resonator for triple‐band operation, which can be applied for wireless local area network (WLAN) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX). Multiband operation is realized by incorporating a fork‐like monopole, a wide slot, as well as a dual‐ring resonator. The desired lower bands of 2.4 GHz WLAN and 2.5 GHz WiMAX operations can be obtained by replacing the traditional ground with a wide‐slot ground. Then, with the addition of the dual‐ring resonator coupled fed by the fork‐like monopole, the middle resonate mode covering 3.5 GHz WiMAX occurs. In addition, an upper operation band, which is generated by the fork‐like monopole, can be further widened by the wide‐slot ground to cover the 5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN and 5.5 GHz WiMAX. A prototype of the proposed antenna with a compact size of 32 × 28 mm2 has been designed, fabricated, and tested. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1097–1101, 2016
A 20.6 dBm K‐band power amplifier with 34.6% PAE in 65 nm CMOS
Authors: Parthasarathy Ananthanarayanan
Published: March 2016

This article presents a fully‐integrated K‐band power amplifier design approach for 5G mmWave applications. The 65nm CMOS‐based power amplifier is operated in class‐J mode, has a two‐stage cascade configuration with appropriate power cells prematch and high gain driver stage which achieves a gain of 18 dB and 20.6 dBm saturated output power (PSAT) with 34.6% power added efficiency (PAE). © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1179–1181, 2016
Dual‐band antenna using a C‐shaped dual‐feed for GPS/WLAN applications
Authors: Seo D. , Lee H. , Jung J. , Sung Y.
Published: March 2016

This letter presents a dual‐band antenna with a C‐shaped dual‐feed structure for the GPS band at 1.575 GHz and the WLAN band at 2.4 GHz. It is composed of a C‐shaped strip‐line for dual‐feed and a rectangular patch radiator with two slits. Dual‐resonance is generated by two slits on the patch. The measured impedance bandwidths of the two operating bands are 3 and 1.49%, respectively. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1207–1211, 2016
Neuropsychiatric manifestations in inflammatory neuropathies: A systematic review
Authors: Rajabally Yusuf A. , Seri Stefano , Cavanna Andrea E.
Published: March 2016

We conducted a systematic literature review on psychological and behavioral comorbidities in patients with inflammatory neuropathies. In Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS), psychotic symptoms are reported during early stages in 30% of patients. Typical associations include mechanical ventilation, autonomic dysfunction, inability to communicate, and severe weakness. Anxiety and depression are frequent comorbidities. Anxiety may increase post‐hospital admissions and be a predictor of mechanical ventilation. Posttraumatic stress disorder may affect up to 20% of ventilated patients. Sleep disturbances are common in early‐stage GBS, affecting up to 50% of patients. In chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, memory and quality of sleep may be impaired. An independent link between depression and pretreatment upper limb disability and ascites was reported in POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M‐protein, skin) syndrome, with an association with early death. Hematological treatment of POEMS appears effective on depression. Published literature on psychological/behavioral manifestations in inflammatory neuropathies remains scarce, and further research is needed. Muscle Nerve 54: 1–8, 2016
Diagnostic yield of cystoscopy in the evaluation of recurrent urinary tract infection in women
Authors: Pagano Matthew J. , Barbalat Yanina , Theofanides Marissa C. , Edokpolo Leonard , James Maxwell B. , Cooper Kimberly L.
Published: March 2016

Aims

Due to a paucity of evidence‐based guidelines, anecdotal practice patterns often dictate clinical management of recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) in women. Our aim was to identify pathologic findings of the urinary tract through cystoscopy and imaging in women with recurrent UTI, and to determine if specific risk factors are associated with a higher rate of abnormal findings.

Methods

In a single‐institutional cohort, cystoscopy was performed for women with recurrent UTI between 1/2010 and 7/2014. All eligible patients were included in a maintained database and those with gross or microscopic hematuria were excluded. Abdominopelvic imaging was recommended and included in study data when completed. Associations between clinical risk factors (history of renal transplant, urogynecologic surgery, or urolithiasis) and abnormal findings were analyzed by Fisher's exact test.

Results

A total of 163 women (mean age 60.6 years) were included in final analysis. Abdominopelvic imaging was available in 133 (82%) cases. Cystoscopy identified 9 (5.5%) cases of significant clinical findings. Of these only 5 (3.8%) cases were uniquely identified on cystoscopy and missed on imaging modalities. When imaging was normal, cystoscopy was also normal in 94% of cases. The examined clinical risk factors were not associated with higher risk of abnormal cystoscopy (P = 0.49) or imaging (P = 0.42).

Conclusions

Cystoscopy performed solely for recurrent UTI is low yield in patients with normal imaging studies, but a small number of abnormal findings may be missed by foregoing this element of the patient workup. No studied risk factor was predictive of an abnormal workup. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:692–696, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Convolutions and generalization of logconcavity: Implications and applications
Authors: Alimohammadi Mahdi , Alamatsaz Mohammad Hossein , Cramer Erhard
Published: March 2016

Additive convolution of unimodal and α‐unimodal random variables are known as an old classic problem which has attracted the attention of many authors in theory and applied fields. Another type of convolution, called multiplicative convolution, is rather younger. In this article, we first focus on this newer concept and obtain several useful results in which the most important ones is that if
is logconcave then so are
and
for some suitable increasing functions ϕ. This result contains
and
as two more important special cases. Furthermore, one table including more applied distributions comparing logconcavity of f(x) and
and two comprehensive implications charts are provided. Then, these fundamental results are applied to aging properties, existence of moments and several kinds of ordered random variables. Multiplicative strong unimodality in the discrete case is also introduced and its properties are investigated. In the second part of the article, some refinements are made for additive convolutions. A remaining open problem is completed and a conjecture concerning convolution of discrete α‐unimodal distributions is settled. Then, we shall show that an existing result regarding convolution of symmetric discrete unimodal distributions is not correct and an easy alternative proof is presented. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 109–123, 2016
HHS in type 1 diabetes associated with medication overdose: can counter‐regulatory hormone suppression prevent diabetic ketoacidosis?
Authors: Ghorani E , Evans ML , Simmons D
Published: March 2016

In states of insulopaenic hyperglycaemia, counter‐regulatory hormone (CRH) excess is a driver of ketogenesis and thus diabetic ketoacidosis. We present a case of hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state in a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus, associated with a mixed drug overdose including agents with documented CRH suppressive effects. We postulate that the drugs taken in overdose protected against diabetic ketoacidosis, and suggest further investigation of pharmacological therapies aimed at inhibiting CRH responses which may protect against this life‐threatening complication in patients with type 1 diabetes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons.
Anti‐migratory activity of marine alkaloid monanchocidin A – proteomics‐based discovery and confirmation
Authors: Dyshlovoy Sergey A. , Venz Simone , Hauschild Jessica , Tabakmakher Ksenya M. , Otte Katharina , Madanchi Ramin , Walther Reinhard , Guzii Alla G. , Makarieva Tatyana N. , Shubina Larisa K. , Fedorov Sergey N. , Stonik Valentin A. , Bokemeyer Carsten , Balabanov Stefan , Honecker Friedemann , v. Amsberg Gunhild
Published: March 2016

Monanchocidin A (MonA) is a novel marine alkaloid with promising anti‐cancer properties. We recently demonstrated its high efficacy in human urogenital cancers including germ cell tumors. Here, we applied a global proteome screening approach to investigate molecular targets and biological processes affected by MonA in the human cisplatin‐resistant germ cell cancer cell line NCCIT‐R. Bioinformatical analysis of the proteomics data predicted an effect of MonA on cancer cell migration. Thus, proteins known to be involved in cancer cell migration and invasion were chosen for further validation. The protein alterations identified by proteomics resulted from both, regulation of the total protein expression and post‐transcriptional modifications. Among others, regulation of an isoform of vimentin, up‐regulation of multiple apolipoprotein E isoforms, and inhibition of hypusination of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A‐1 were found upon treatment with MonA. Further functional analyses were performed and revealed decreased cell migration and colony formation of cancer cells treated with MonA at non‐cytotoxic and non‐antiproliferative concentrations. This work provides further insights into the molecular mechanisms behind MonA bioactivity. Furthermore, our research is exemplary for the ability of proteomics to predict drug targets and mode of action of natural anti‐cancer agents.
The impact of meningitis vaccines and their future role
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: March 2016

The success of the meningococcal group A (MenA) vaccination in the African meningitis belt, public support for the extension of the MenB vaccination in the UK and the importance of vaccination in the fight against antimicrobial resistance all endorse the need for additional meningitis vaccines in the future.
Exceptional integrated vapour transport toward orography: an important precursor to severe floods in Switzerland
Authors: Froidevaux Paul , Martius Olivia
Published: March 2016

Floods in mountainous regions like the Swiss Alps are still challenging to forecast because they result from very diverse hydrometeorological processes. A better understanding of large‐scale flood precursors is therefore important. In this study the synoptic situations leading to 14 high‐impact floods in Switzerland between 1987 and 2011 are analysed using the ERA‐Interim dataset.

In a first step, the flood‐related synoptic flow situations are classified into four categories: (i) atmospheric rivers (ARs) with northwesterly flow associated with floods in northwest Switzerland; (ii) ARs with west to souhwesterly flow associated with floods in northern Switzerland; (iii) pivoting potential vorticity (PV) cut‐offs associated with floods in northeast Switzerland and (iv) PV streamers associated with floods in southern Switzerland. The strong link between ARs and floods in northern Switzerland is demonstrated for the first time. The four synoptic categories are associated with very different flow patterns over Switzerland, but all categories correspond to intense integrated vapour transport (IVT) directed perpendicular to orography.

In a second step, the episodes of intense IVT related to the 14 floods are compared to the local climatology in terms of IVT amplitude, direction and duration. Ten of the 14 flood events correspond to exceptionally intense IVT perpendicular to orography. Despite the enormous complexity of the involved hydrometeorological processes, applying four simple thresholds of IVT toward orography at particular grid points of ERA‐Interim allows one to distinguish ten flood events from all non‐flood situations with only six non‐events captured and four missed flood events. The close relationship between large‐scale IVT and highly destructive local flood events shown here motivates the use of IVT information for medium‐range flood warning systems.
Identification of time‐varying OE models in presence of non‐Gaussian noise: Application to pneumatic servo drives
Authors: Stojanovic Vladimir , Nedic Novak
Published: March 2016

Intensive research in the field of mathematical modeling of pneumatic servo drives has shown that their mathematical models are nonlinear in which many important details cannot be included in the model. Owing the influence of the combination of heat coefficient, unknown discharge coefficient, and change of temperature, it was supposed that parameters of the pneumatic cylinder are random (stochastic parameters). On the other side, it has been well known that the nonlinear model can be approximated by a linear model with time‐varying parameters. Due to the aforementioned reasons, it can be assumed that the pneumatic cylinder model is a linear stochastic model with variable parameters. In practical conditions, in measurements, there are rare, inconsistent observations with the largest part of population of observations (outliers). Therefore, synthesis of robust algorithms is of primary interest. In this paper, the robust recursive algorithm for output error models with time‐varying parameters is proposed. The convergence property of the proposed robust algorithm is analyzed using the methodology of an associated ordinary differential equation system. Because ad hoc selection of model orders leads to overparameterization or parsimony problem, the robust Akaike's criterion is proposed to overcome these problems. By determining the least favorable probability density for a given class of probability distribution represents a base for design of the robust version of Akaike's criterion. The behavior of the proposed robust identification algorithm is considered through intensive simulations that demonstrate the superiority of the robust algorithm in relation to the linear algorithms (derived under an assumption that the stochastic disturbance has a Gaussian distribution). The good practical values of the proposed robust algorithm to identification of the pneumatic cylinder are illustrated by experimental results. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prediction‐ and Control‐Based Strategies in Entrepreneurship: The Role of Information
Authors: Kuechle Graciela , Boulu‐Reshef Beatrice , Carr Sean D.
Published: March 2016

Research summary

Prediction‐ and control‐based strategies are the two main hypotheses of how entrepreneurs deal with uncertainty in theories of entrepreneurship. Prediction‐based strategies focus on estimating unknowns via sampling methods, whereas control‐based strategies focus on shaping unknowns via proactive behavior. These strategies may lead to different propensities to undertake uncertain prospects, as they differ in terms of cognition and involvement. In an experimental test, we study the conditions under which prediction‐ and control‐based strategies lead subjects to accept bets in ambiguous environments. Individuals who use control methods to mitigate uncertainty are more likely to accept the bet after a favorable outcome compared to those who use predictive methods. These results revert in the presence of unfavorable outcomes. We discuss the implications for entrepreneurship theory and practice.

Managerial summary

Entrepreneurs often adopt prediction‐ and control‐based strategies in order to reduce uncertainty. Prediction‐based strategies focus on gathering information to estimate future outcomes, whereas control‐based strategies concentrate on taking actions to create a more favorable environment for the venture. Results from an experimental test show that these strategies can affect behavior differently. In particular, when the decision maker receives favorable information, control‐based strategies are more likely to lead to the acceptance of an uncertain prospect than prediction‐based strategies. This effect reverts when the decision maker receives unfavorable information. Our findings are valuable for entrepreneurs, investors, and policy makers. Understanding the distinctive impact of strategy on behavior may help entrepreneurs and investors calibrate the potential of a venture, thereby avoiding the misallocation of valuable resources. Copyright © 2016 Strategic Management Society.
2D Squaraine‐Bridged Covalent Organic Polymers with Promising CO2 Storage and Separation Properties
Authors: Huang Ling , Cao Gengyu
Published: March 2016

Three hypothetical 2D porous covalent organic polymers, named SQ‐COPs (i. e., SQ‐COP‐1, SQ‐COP‐2 and SQ‐COP‐3), have been proposed via the combination of linear squaraine unit and heterocyclic molecules (H3B3O3, H3B3N3 and H3C3N3). By using the first principle methods and grand cannonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations, these SQ‐COPs are predicted to possess big pore sizes (13.8‐15.0 Å), large free volumes (5.07‐10.94 cm3 g−1) and high BET specific surface areas (8585‐8938 m2 g−1), which even exceed those of MOF‐210 and PAF‐1. As is expected, these SQ‐COPs show promising gas storage and separation properties of H2, CH4, N2 and CO2 at ambient conditions. Especially at 298 K and 30 bar, their CO2 uptake reaches 804, 575 and 633 mg/g respectively, significantly higher than those of zeolites. Meanwhile, for separation of binary gas mixtures CO2/H2, CO2/CH4, CO2/N2, and CH4/H2, SQ‐COPs are comparable with most of COFs and MOFs. These porous SQ‐COPs materials are not only environmental‐friendly (metal‐free), but also promising candidates for CO2 capture.
Formation of Hollow Co3O4 Nanoparticles on Nitrogen–doped Porous Carbons for Highly Capacitive Performance
Authors: Kim Gi Mihn , Park Jae Hyun , Lee Jae W.
Published: March 2016

Co3O4 nanoparticles are incorporated into nitrogen‐doped porous carbons to investigate their potential as supercapacitors. The nano‐sized Co3O4 particles grow and their morphology becomes hollow on the carbon support, which is attributed to the atomic diffusion (the Kirkendall effect) during the annealing. The cobalt‐doped composites have high BET surface areas of about 3000 m2 g−1 and possess mesopore‐dominant structures caused by the hollow Co3O4 nanoparticles. As a result, the hollow Co3O4 in the composites simultaneously induces both enhanced pseudo‐capacitance and efficient pore structure for energy storage. The specific capacitance of the composites is as high as 300 F g−1 in an aqueous solution of 6 M KOH at 1 A g−1, and the material shows competitive specific capacitance of 210 F g−1 at 10 A g−1 for a high power density. The present study provides a unique insight into the synthesis of hollow nanoparticles on a porous substrate material for high‐performance supercapacitance.
Historical, ecological, and governance aspects of intensive forest biomass harvesting in Denmark
Authors: Stupak Inge , Raulund‐Rasmussen Karsten
Published: March 2016

Intensive forest harvesting has increased in Fennoscandia over the last few decades. Similar developments may follow throughout Europe as renewable energy replaces fossil fuels. The international literature suggests that intensive harvesting could increase ecological risks to yield, carbon stores, soil fertility, and biodiversity, but geographically specific knowledge is sparse in many countries, and results do not extend beyond 5–30 years after harvesting. We use Denmark as a case for discussing future directions. Forest history is described, and research on ecological effects and their inclusion in governance is reviewed. Denmark was almost completely deforested by the early 1800s, but centuries of afforestation have resulted in a current forest cover of 14.3%. Research commonly uses stem‐only harvesting as a reference against which to compare intensive harvesting impacts, but pristine forests would be a more useful reference for ecological processes and biodiversity. However, pristine forests are almost non‐existent in Europe, and non‐intervention, self‐regulating forests provide an alternative. Governance and positions of non‐governmental organizations in Denmark focus more on general forest management impacts and conservation of light‐demanding biodiversity associated with historic coppicing and grazing than on intensive harvesting. The energy sector drives the development of new governance to verify forest biomass sustainability, but the national knowledge base for such verification is limited. As part of a larger solution, we suggest establishing a network of non‐intervention, self‐regulating forests that can serve as a reference for long‐term research and monitoring of intensive harvesting impacts. This would support the application of adaptive management strategies, and continuous improvements of best management practice guidelines. WIREs Energy Environ 2016, 5:588–610. doi: 10.1002/wene.206

This article is categorized under:

Bioenergy > Economics and Policy

Bioenergy > Climate and Environment

Energy and Development > Climate and Environment