bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of tourism education in german-speaking countries of Western Europe: process components and their characteristics
Authors: Samokhval Olesia
Published: December 2018

The process of tourism education development in German-speaking countries of Western Europe, in particular Germany, Austria and Switzerland is exemined in the article. It is noted that the scientific novelty of the study deals with the analyzes of the process of tourism education development in general economic contex of the development of tourism industry in the countries classified in the lingvo-ethnographic category «German-speaking countries». The object of the study is to outline the aspects of scientific and pedagogical research, to study and analyze the socio-economic processes of the tourism education development in Germany, Austria and Switzerland, to describe the historical preconditions for the development of current tourism education in German-speaking countries of Western Europe as a categorical integrity. The main components of the process of tourism education development in German-speaking countries, in particular: economic, institutional, disciplinary and normative, are defined and characterized. It was stated that the components of the process of tourism education development are closely interconnected and interdependent, that makes it impossible to study as a separate phenomenon. The development of one component provokes changes in other one, creating a chain reaction that builds a coherent picture of the process of tourism education development in German-speaking countries of Western Europe. It is defined that the inception of tourism education at university level took place in the middle of the 20th century evidenced by the establishment of higher education institutions with the programms in tourism. The intensity of popularizing the tourism education in Germany, Austria and Switzerland took place at the end of the 20th and early 21st centuries, starting a new period in the developing process of tourism education, that is marked by globalization of innovation and information.
Investigation of Strength Parameters of PVA Fiber-Reinforced Fly Ash-Soil Mixtures in Large-Scale Direct Shear Apparatus
Authors: Gohari Lasaki Ashkan , Jamshidi Chenari Reza , Shamsi Sosahab Javad , Jafarian Yaser
Published: December 2018

Soil reinforcement is an old and still efficient technique in improving soil strength and stiffness properties. Current paper aims at quantifying the effects of different inclusions on mechanical behavior of fiber-reinforced cemented soil. An experimental program was conducted to study simultaneous effects of randomly oriented fiber inclusions and cement stabilization on the geotechnical characteristics of fly ash-soil mixtures. Chamkhaleh sand, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber, cement and fly ash with some water were mixed and compacted into large scale direct shear apparatus with three equal layers. PVA fibers were randomly distributed in three compacted layers at predetermined weight contents. Direct shear tests were carried out on fly ash-soil specimens prepared with different cement, fly ash and polyvinyl alcohol contents, and 7 different curing periods. Results show that cement increases the strength of the raw fly ash-soil specimens. The fiber inclusion further increases the strength of the cemented and uncemented soil specimens and transforms their brittle behavior to ductile behavior. The fiber reinforcement and distribution throughout the entire specimen results in a significant increase in the strength of fly ash -soil- cement mixtures.
ÇALIŞANLARDAKİ STATÜ ENDİŞESİ VE İŞBİRLİĞİNE DAYALI AMAÇ YAPILARININ İŞYERİ KISKANÇLIĞI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİNE İLİŞKİN KURAMSAL BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: ÜÇOK Dilek Işılay
Published: December 2018

Kıskançlık, bir kişinin, başka
bir kişide, kendisinden daha üstün özelliklerin var olduğunu fark etmesi
sonucunda, bu avantajlı durumu ele geçirme isteğini içinde barındıran acı
verici bir duygu olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu olgunun kendi içinde hem duygusal,
hem de bilişsel bir değerlendirme sürecini barındırdığı düşünüldüğünde, çalışma
ortamında kişilerin yapmış oldukları sosyal karşılaştırmaların ve statüleriyle
ilgili sahip oldukları endişelerin, çalışma arkadaşlarına karşı hissettikleri
yıkıcı duygulara zemin oluşturması beklenmektedir. Özellikle yerel yazında
işyerinde yaşanan kıskançlıkla ilgili az sayıda çalışmaların yer alması ve bu
kavramın ilgili öncellerle (statü endişesi ve işbirlikçi amaç yapıları)
ilişkisinin hem ulusal hem de uluslararası yazında daha önce irdelenmemiş
olduğu düşünüldüğünde, bu çalışmada önerilen modelin, çalışanların içinde
barındırdıkları kıskançlık duygusunun açığa çıkmasını kolaylaştırıcı
dinamiklerin anlaşılması ve çağdaş yönetim uygulamalarına ışık tutması
açısından yazına katkı sağlayacağına inanılmaktadır.
Cam Elyaf Katkılı Poli(oksimetilen) Kompozitinin Laboratuar Ortamında ve Suda Yaşlandırılması Sonucunda Mekanik, Reolojik ve Morfolojik Özelliklerindeki Değişimler
Authors: Kuram Emel
Published: December 2018

Bu çalışmada, cam elyaf katkılı poli(oksimetilen)
(POM) kompozitinin yaşlandırma sonrası mekanik, reolojik ve morfolojik
özelliklerindeki değişimler incelenmiştir. Numuneler plastik enjeksiyon
kalıplama yöntemi ile hazırlanmıştır. Yaşlandırma işlemi numuneler 28 gün
boyunca laboratuar sıcaklığında ve suda bekletilerek yapılmıştır. Mekanik
özellikleri belirlemek için çekme ve 3 nokta eğme testleri yapılmıştır,
reolojik özeliği belirlemek için eriyik akış indeksi (MFI) ölçülmüştür ve
morfolojik yapıyı gözlemlemek için taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) kullanılmıştır.
Deneysel sonuçlardan mekanik, reolojik ve morfolojik özelliklerin yaşlandırma
ortamından etkilendiği görülmüştür. Yaşlandırılmış numunelerin mekanik
özelliklerinin yaşlandırılmamış numuneye göre daha düşük olduğu bulunmuştur.
Mekanik özelliklerdeki düşüş en fazla suda yaşlandırılan numunelerde meydana
gelmiştir. Yaşlandırma işlemi MFI değerini arttırmıştır.
CONSORTIUM OF WALLACEAN MICROALGAE IN WEST NUSA TENGGARA FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION
Authors: Suripto Suripto , Japa Lalu
Published: December 2018

Abstract : This study aims to explore the species richness of biodiesel-producing microalgae in the waters of West Nusa Tenggara to develop renewable energy source, environmentally friendly, and not compete in land use with the agricultural sector. MicroalgaÃÂ  samples were collected from various waters in West Nusa Tenggara Province using the concentration method. Species determinationÃÂ ÃÂ  and data analysis of microalgae was carried out at the Biology Laboratory, University of Mataram to calculate the abundance of each species. The dominant species of biodiesel-producing microalgae were isolated and cultured by a closed culture system method. The oil content of the microalgae biomass produced was extracted byÃÂ  a liquid-liquid extraction method using n-hexane as a solvent. The results show that of the 49 species of marine microalgae identified in the waters of West Nusa Tenggara, there are 12 species of microalgae which are biodiesel producers. Of the 30 freshwater microalga species, only 8 species of microalgae are producers of biodiesel. The microalgae community of marine waters of West Nusa Tenggara is dominated by Bacteriastrumdelicatulum, B. variance, Chaetocerosaffinis, C. liciniosum, C. lorenzianum, Gyrosigma sp., Oscillatoria sp., Pseudonitzschia spp., and Thalassionemanitzschicoides, while freshwater microalgae communities are dominated by Microcystis aeruginosa, M. incerta, Nostoc sp., Pediastrumboryanum, and Staurastumcristatum. The dominant types of biodiesel-producing microalgae isolated and cultured are Chaetocerosamini, Nannochloropsisoculata and Nitzschia spp. Each cell density of C. amini, N. oculata, and Nitzschiaspp in culture 7 days after isolation was 3,600,960,000,ÃÂ  4,375,360,000, andÃÂ  3,368,640,000 cells / liter respectivelyÃÂ  with oil content 34, 68, and 46%. Key words: biodiesel, microalgae, Wallacea, West Nusa Tenggara
IDENTIFIKASI KEBANGKRUTAN DI PERUSAHAAN FARMASI : MODEL ALTMAN Z-SCORE ANALYSIS (Studi Pada Perusahaan Farmasi Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2012-2016)
Authors: Haryanto Totok
Published: December 2018

Every company has different problems of each type, including in the categorization of whether the company is categorized to be bankrupt or not. This study was conducted to study and detect the possibility of bankruptcy of pharmaceutical companies in Indonesia using the Altman Z-Score model. The sample used in this study is a pharmaceutical company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) and the company publishes regular financial statements in 2012 until 2016. In the Altman Z-Score model, grouping companies into three categories ie not bankrupt, prone to bankruptcy, and bankruptcy. For companies that fall into the category of bankruptcy, should be more careful in asset management and corporate policy making and strive to continue to improve the company's performance and try to utilize assets owned more effectively and efficiently, so that will gain a more optimal advantage. While for companies that are in a healthy condition must still maintain and improve the performance of the company, so it will be sustinable and minimize the occurrence of bankruptcy.Setiap perusahaan memiliki permasalahan yang berbeda dari setiap jenisnya, termasuk dalam pengkategorian apakah perusahaan tersebut dikatakan bangkrut ataukah tidak. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari dan mendeteksi kemungkinan terjadinya kebangkrutan perusahaan farmasi yang ada di Indonesia dengan menggunakan hitungan model Altman Z-Score. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan farmasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) dan perusahaan tersebut menerbitkan laporan keuangan secara teratur pada tahun 2012 sampai dengan tahun 2016. Dalam model Altman Z-Score, mengelompokkan perusahaan menjadi tiga kategori yaitu tidak bangkrut, rawan bangkrut, dan bangkrut. Bagi perusahaan yang termasuk dalam kategori rawan bangkrut,Jurnal Magister Manajemen Unram Vol. 7, No 4. November 2018jmm.unram.ac.id 2harus lebih berhati–hati dalam pengelolaan aset dan melakukan pengambilan kebijakan perusahaan serta berusaha untuk terus meningkatkan kinerja perusahaan dan berusaha memanfaatkan aset yang dimilikinya dengan lebih efektif dan efisien, sehingga akan memperoleh keuntungan yang lebih optimal. Sedangkan bagi perusahaan yang berada dalam kondisi sehat harus tetap mempertahankan dan meningkatkan kinerja perusahaannya termasuk melakukan inovasi dan pengembangan bisnisnya, sehingga akan tetap terjaga keberlangsungannya dan memperkecil kemungkinan terjadinya kebangkrutan.Keywords :altman z-score, pharmaceutical company, bankruptcy, sustainableKata kunci :Altman z-score, perusahaan farmasi, kebangkrutan, keberlangsungan
Cyberbullying Detection Modelling at Twitter Social Networking
Authors: Anggraini Ika Yunida , Sucipto Sucipto , Indriati Rini
Published: December 2018

Cybercrimes often happened in social networking sites. Cyber-bullying is a form of cybercrime that recently trended in one of popular social networking sites, Twitter. The practice of cyber-bullying on teenager can cause depression, murderer or suicidal thoughts and it needs a preventing action so it will not harmful to the victim. To prevent cyber-bullying a text mining modelling can be done to classify tweets on Twitter into two classes, bullying class and not bullying class. On this research we use Naïve Bayes Classifier with five stages of pre-processing : replace tokens, transform case, tokenization, filter stopwords and n-grams. The validation process on this research used 10-Fold Cross Validation. To evaluate the performance of the model a Confusion Matrix table is used. The model on 10-Fold Cross Validation phase works well with 77,88% of precision , 94,75% of recall and 82,50% of accuracy with +/-5,12%  of standard deviation.
ILMU TAJWID DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP ILMU QIRA’AH
Authors: Ishaq Ahmad Hanifuddin , Nawawi Ruston
Published: December 2018

The fundamental thing that is rarely touched by the academics today is the science of tajwid, whereas functionally science of tajwid is a component of science which is the basis for how to read the Qur’an properly and correctly. It is a measure for every letter which is pronounced by qari ‘(reader), because in every letter of the verses of the Qur’an has its right. Another important thing to note is that the science of tajwid is not born of a vacuum, it is formed from various historical entities that surround it, and therefore tracing the historical roots of this study is a necessity. From historical aspect will be found the roots of the science of tajwid formation is inseparable from the development of science qira’ah. This is because qiraah scholars in their masterpiece also attach a lot of rules about science of tajwid. Departing from it, it can be said science of tajwid discipline has given birth to the implications of the development of science qiraah. Nevertheless, the two brothers of this disciplinary scholarship have substantial substantial differences. The science of qiraah discusses the variety of reading articulately, while the science of tajwid discusses the technicalities of the Qur’anic verses.
TAFSIR AL-QUR’AN ATAS PROBLEMATIKA LINTAS AGAMA:
Authors: Toipah Toipah
Published: December 2018

This article discusses the book of tafsir, Tarjuman al-Qur’an, by Mawlana Abul Kalam Azad (W. 1958 AD). Azad is one of the commentator (of the Qur’an) and politicians who were born in the minority in India, where India is a predominantly Hindu country. In this case, Azad wants Islam and Hinduism to co-exist. Azad thought is considered controversial because the Islamic reformers in India, we can call Sayyid Ahmad Khan who crave a separate country that became a home for Muslims. Azad has an offer of interpretation that is different from other commentators of his time related to the unity of religions. From here the authors formulate some problems. First, how is the anatomy of the Tarjuman al-Qur’an and what the methodology used by Azad in his interpretation ?. Secondly, what does Azad offer to the multicultural problems of religion ?. To answer that question, the writer uses approach of comparative study between book of interpretation. The method used in writing this article is descriptive-comparative. In his interpretation, Azad is not only interpreting a single conviction, but rather a variety of beliefs, such as the concept of al-din and illah. He interprets the Qur’an by emphasizing the unity of religion that he thinks. The interpretation is of course based on the context that colored him at the time of compilation of the interpretation.
KIDUNG RUMEKSO ING WENGI DAN KORELASINYA DENGAN SURAT MU’AWWIDHATAIN
Authors: Nafsiyah Zakyyatun , Ansori Ibnu Hajar
Published: December 2018

This article is the result of a review of the correlation between Kidung Rumekso Ing Wengi with Surah Mu’awwidhatain based on its content of meaning and function. It can be concluded that Kidung Rumekso Ing Wengi has a close correlation with the Surah Mu’awwidhatain, which is a manifestation of the meaning of the word Qul which includes the value of Tawheed and the teaching of doing Tirakat in order to maximize the potential for self-protection from night, human, jin and satan and other creatures of God. The Song of Rumekso Ing Wengi is an early part of the song Fiber containing 41 stupas of Dhandhanggula’s electric, which illustrates the sweetness of the spiritual teaching. The forty-one verses are divided into four parts of the hymn. The first part is the first statue until the 10th is the Song of Rumekso Ing wengi or Kidung Sarira Ayu. The 11th to 24th Chapters are the Art of Songs. The next verse, which is the 25th to 35th is Kidung Jati Mulya, and the last part of the 36th to 41st stanza is the Song of Mar Marti. The Surah Mu’awwidhatain is the name of two Surahs that go hand in hand, namely al-Falaq and al-Na s. The name Mu’awwidhatain is derived from the word a’udhu which means I seek refuge, so Mu’awwidhatain means two Surahs that guide the reader to the shelter, or put it into a protected arena.
MEMPERTIMBANGKAN NILAI ADIL DALAM WARISAN
Authors: Muchlis Ibnu
Published: December 2018

Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd who has some thoughts related to the Qur’an is a contemporary Islamic critical thinker . He said that al Qur’an is a cultural product, this statement made him get under public criticism. However, besides that there are interesting things in the thought of Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd when discussing gender issues including in terms of division of inheritance which according to the author has not been known to the public. The idea that carried Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd is what the author needs to describe conceptually. Research on Gender Deconstruction Perspective Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd was done in order to answer: 1) How is the Qur’an according to Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd? 2) How is the legacy in the Qur’an according to Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd? This paper would like to reconstruct the thoughts of Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd on the Qur’an and the concept of justice in the inheritance. In order to reconstruct the thought of Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd, the author used theoretical hermeneutical of Schleirmacher’s. theory.
FEATURES OF SALTS MIGRATION IN DELTAIC ECOSYSTEMS
Authors: Dzhalalova М. I. , Abdurashidova P. А. , Zagidova R. М.
Published: December 2018

The coastal strip of the northwestern Caspian is characterized by hydromorphism and salinization processes which depending on the Caspian piled-up water, groundwater salinity, seawater, and salt composition of the underlying rocks. The migrational salts capability in deltoic ecosystem components in dynamic over the main representatives of pasture plants occurring in the Western Caspian and playing an important role in developing the theoretical foundations of a system of measures to increase the productivity of cover crop have studied. Salts migration from soil layers into plants which taking place in synthesis of material-energy and material resource of environment is one of the chains of bio-substrat links. The research results confirm the data that the ash elements stock in the ephemeral-absinthial group varies from 21.5 to 64.5 kg per 1 ha. The organogens prevail in them – 944 kg / ha, K is dominant, then Ca and Mg. The amount of halogens is 7.05 kg / ha, of which Cl portion includes 3.31 and Na – 2.80 kg / ha. In the ephemeral-absinthial group cenoses rather high values of aboveground phytomass are up to 50 centners / ha and the supply of ash elements (halogens 32.14 and organogens 36.18 mg-eq) is much higher compared to their content in soil (7.05 and 6, 31 mg-eq). In roots difference in quantity of organogens and halogens is insignificant – 2.03 and 2.04 mg-eq. We associate such differences with a greater proportion of absinthial in the aboveground phytomass composition
PARENT MATERIAL FOR WINTER WHEAT SELECTION
Authors: Torbina I. V. , Khakimova А. G.
Published: December 2018

The purpose of these studies was the study of winter wheat varieties of world collection of the Institute of Plant Industry on the complex of economically valuable signs of winter wheat, the selection of selection-valuable varieties for conditions of the Udmurt Republic. A significant fluctuation in the winter wheat productivity for years predetermines the adaptive orientation of selection in the region, the selection for increasing the resistance of genotypes to biotic and abiotic environment factors. The assessment of the level and stability of the varieties under study (indicator of level and stability of the variety) of the collection nursery was carried out according to the methodology of E.D. Nettevich. The study of 46 samples of winter wheat of the Institute of Plant Industry collection was carried out in 2014-2016. Soil of the experimental plot is well-cultivated sod-podzolic medium loamy, slightly acidic, with average humus content, a very high content of mobile phosphorus, high - exchangeable potassium. In the years of research, wintering of winter wheat was carried out in conditions of high soil temperature at the depth of tillering node (0 ... -4 °C), which led to the damping-out of culture and epiphytoty of snow mold. A higher average wintering (46%) and stability of winter hardiness (indicator of level and stability of the variety = 17) was noted in the standard Moskovskaya 39. The variety of winter wheat Bogdanka was the most productive and generated a yield of 325 g/m2 on average for 2014 and 2016. However, this variety was characterized by its considerable variability (V=130%). The yield of sorts Skagen (Germany) and FT Wonder (Canada) were 256 and 208 g/m2, respectively, which is at yield level of the Moskovskaya 39 (239 g/m2) , but these varieties were much more stable than the standard, the indicator of level and stability of the varieties was 3349-4237, for the standard – 754. Sources of economically valuable qualities of culture for the republic's conditions - stable yields, high grain size and grain content, resistance to powdery mildew, early maturity - were identified as a result of study of collection samples under unfavorable conditions of winter wheat dumping-out.
COMMODITY AND CONSUMER QUALITIES OF FRUITS OF DIPLOID AND TRIPLOID APPLE VARIETIES
Authors: Sedov Е. N. , Serova Z. М. , Yanchuk Т. V.
Published: December 2018

Russian Research Institute for Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK) is the main supplier of new valuable apple cultivars to update the assortment. For the last 30 years more than 50 apple cultivars meeting the requirements of modern gardening have been developed at VNIISPK and included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements. The time of single breeders is a thing of the past, and in connection with the ever-increasing requirements for varieties, researchers of different specialties should work at their creation. A well-coordinated interdisciplinary team of researchers and technicians work in VNIISPK at the development of new apple varieties. In addition to breeders, researchers in physiology, biochemistry, processing of fruits, cytoembryology, genetics and agronomic practice are involved in the work. Along with other areas of selection, apple breeding with polyploidy using was started at the Institute in 1970. To date, 19 triploid apple varieties have been created for the first time in the world at our Institute from intervalent crosses of diploid x tetraploid type. 11 of them are included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements Admitted for Use (zoned). It has experimentally been confirmed that triploid apple cultivars differ from diploids in higher weight of fruit and their marketability and are not inferior to diploids in the attractiveness of the appearance and taste of the fruit. Apple breeding for immunity to the most harmful scab was started at our institute in 1977, to date, 25 scab immune apple cultivars have been developed and zoned, 9 of them are triploids. The first domestic scab immune Imrus was zoned in Central Russia in 1996. We have shown that diploid and triploid varieties immune to scab are not inferior to non-immune varieties by fruit weight. The first in Russia and world 9 triploid resistant to scab apple varieties are Vavilovskoe, Zhilinskoe, Mars, Prazdnichnoe, Spasskoe, Trener Petrov including have been zoned Aleksandr Boyko, Yablochnyy Spas, Maslovskoe in our opinion should significantly enrich the range of varieties of Russia midland apple. The paper gives a comparative assessment of commodity and consumer qualities of new diploid and triploid fruit varieties of apple selection of All-Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crops Breeding.
BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF PROMISING CLONE PARENT STOCKS OF STONE FRUIT CULTURES
Authors: Khamurzaev S. М. , Shaipov А. N. , Borzaev R. B.
Published: December 2018

The article substantiates the necessity to study the economic and biological features of promising clonal stocks, suitable for use in intensive technologies for cultivating stone fruit crops in order to identify their adaptive capacity in agroecological conditions of the Chechen Republic. The work was carried out in a greenhouse complex with fogging installations of the NPF "Gardens of Chechnya" in accordance with the work program and research methods in horticulture. Cuttings were treated before planting with indole butyric acid (IBA) and 50% aqueous solution of ethanol according to F.Ya. Polikarpova and V.V. Pilyugina (1991) the method. To obtain high-quality rootstock material from grassy cuttings with a semi-lignified heel a modified substrate in container culture was used consisting of equal volumes of peat, river sand, turfy ground (this soil mixture is sufficiently porous and prevents over-wetting of the root placement zone), and auxinic preparation IMC increasing root production ability of plants. As a control, a 50% ethanol aqueous solution was used. The reference area is 9 m2, the replication of the experience is quadruple, the location of the experiment is randomized. The region of plant alimentation is 6 x 6 cm.  Experimental data on the effect of the auxin yield of IMK and 50% of the aqueous solution of ethanol (K) on the duration of rooting, the dynamics of the rhizogenerated activity, the main phytometric and phytophysiological parameters of different forms of clonal rootstocks. The growth activity of clonal rootstocks is analyzed on the basis of the studied dimensional parameters of rooted grassy cuttings.
METHOD JUSTIFICATION OF Β-GALACTOSIDASE ACTIVITY OF ENZYME PREPARATION
Authors: Serba Е. М. , Overchenko М. B. , Ignatova N. I. , Medrish М. Е. , Rimareva L. V.
Published: December 2018

Enzyme preparations - sources of β-galactosidase, are widely used in the dairy industry. However, there is no standardized methods to determine their activity. Existing methods differ by the type of substrate used, conditions of analysis and how to define the products of the hydrolysis. The aim of this work is to study the process of conversion biocatalytic milk sugar and experimental substantiation of methods of analysis of hydrolysis products, providing reliable results determine activity of β-galactosidase. Found that of chemical methods glucose oxidase showed a greater sensitivity towards low concentrations of the product of hydrolysis is glucose formed in the conversion process lactose. The results of testing showed that the mass concentration of the glucose formed in hydrolysis of lactose, HPLC tested, consistent with data obtained using the glucose oxidase method. Set optimum range, which was observed directly proportional to the level of glucose concentration rise in reaction mixture from the lengthy process and the concentration of enzyme:  hydrolysis time - from 10 to 20 min, produced   glucose - from 20 µcg to 40 mcg, while the mass of enzyme - 25.0·10-6, and from 40 mcg to 80 mcg, when mass -5,0·10-5 g.  When the values of absorbance of the reaction mixture ranged 0,045-0,300 to ensure reliable performance. Studies on determination of the activity of the enzyme preparations confirmed received experimental data and allowed to choose optimum parameters and conditions analysis for introducing them to the method for determining the activity β-galactosidase using glucose oxidase reagent: time of inactivation enzyme (control) -10 min.  in a boiling water bath, substrate - 2% solution of lactose, pH of the substrate-6,0, hydrolysis time 15 min. at 30° c.
USE OF BIOTECHNOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES IN BLACK CURRANT REPRODUCTION
Authors: Khromova Т. М. , Tashmatova L. V. , Matsneva О. V. , Shakhov V. V.
Published: December 2018

Currently, methods for the culture of isolated tissues and organs have been widely used to solve theoretical and applied problems of biotechnology. The article discusses the theoretical aspects of the use of biotechnological techniques in the reproduction of black currants (Ribes nigrum L.). The need for the use of biotechnological methods in the rapid reproduction of various forms and varieties of black currants due to the difficulty of reproduction of a number of genotypes by traditional methods, especially forms obtained using interspecific hybridization. Among the emerging issues are the following: find donors of valuable traits with the aim of increasing ecological plasticity of cultivated plants; a study of the influence of qualitative and quantitative composition of nutrient media for the cultivated plants, optimization of the timing of the introduction of plants and selection of optimal modifications of culture media with the varietal characteristics at different stages of cultivation; the study of the influence of hormonal and other biologically active substances on development of plants in conditions of culture in vitro. In the article literary sources, which describe those additional issues relating to process optimization clonal micropropagation of black currant. All stages of cultivation of the given culture in conditions in vitro from initiation to adaptation in non-sterile conditions are considered. The factors that determine the success of reproduction are described: terms of introduction into the culture and types of explants, selection of sterilizing agent, optimization of the nutrient medium depending on the passage, the influence of different components of the medium on regenerative plants. The methods of microclonal reproduction, developed by scientists of leading research organizations, data on ways to combat phenolic oxidation of the nutrient medium.
EFFECT OF UV-Β RADIATION ON THE ACTIVITY OF ASCORBATE-GLUTATHIONE CYCLE COMPONENTS OF THE BARLEY PLANTS
Authors: Goncharova L. I. , Korneev N. А.
Published: December 2018

The effect of elevated levels of UV-β radiation in the vegetation experiment was studied. The object of the study was barley Zazersky 85 varieties, changes in the content of ascorbic acid and glutathione were revealed. It is known that even a small increase in the intensity of UV-β radiation can have a significant impact on the plant growth, development, photosynthetic and biochemical reactions. UV rays induce various DNA damage, and also contribute to the formation of free radicals in cells that cause lipid peroxidation of biological membranes. The existence of a plant cell in oxidizing conditions is possible only through the development of antioxidant defense mechanisms system. Particular attention is paid in this regard to ascorbic acid - vitamin C and glutathione. Ascorbic acid and glutathione are not considered separately, but as a redox pair to ensure the redox tone of the cell. In some reactions they can act independently of each other participating in a signaling system to transmit information in response to stress. Plants were grown in vessels containing 4.5 kg of air-dry soil. The repetition is sixfold (six vessels in each variant). As a source of UV-β irradiation were used LER-40 luminescent erythemal lamps (Russia). Plants were irradiated from the seedling stage to full ripeness from 10 to 14 h. Additional to solar UV-β irradiation levels are expressed in terms of the daily biologically effective dose taking into account the generalized spectrum of action for higher plants. The differences in the activity of oxidative processes and antioxidant protection depending on the stress degree have been established. The dose-dependent UV-β irradiation increase in the MDA content in the leaves indicates a pronounced oxidative stress due to a decrease in the efficiency of the photoreactivation process and the repair of DNA damage, which is caused by the partial shielding of the low-intensity UV radiation of area A in the greenhouse, which resulted in a decrease in biomass.
SELECTION OF PREDECESSORS FOR CROPS OF PERIODICALLY IRRIGATED RICE ON LIGHT CHESTNUT SOILS
Authors: Kruzhilin I. P. , Ganiev М. А. , Rodin К. А. , Bolotin А. G. , Nevezhina А. В.
Published: December 2018

The presented analysis of the of the All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Agriculture research results were obtained in 2014–2016 in the conditions of the southern slope of the Volga Upland allowed to enrich new knowledge the problem of rice cultivation using innovative water-saving technology on general-irrigation systems, including different agricultural crops as predecessor cultures. To estimate the preference choice of rice predecessor were selected the following crops: leguminous – soybean, tilled – potatoes and narrow-row crops – rice. These researches have shown that all predecessors of rice sowings with slight timing difference were completed vegetation and formed close to the planned yield without negative impact on the soil, that allow to recommend them for inclusion in rice rotations on general irrigation systems and use with periodic irrigation in the following rating order: soybean potato rice. The priority soybean place as a rice precursor is determined by its favorable impact on the agronomic properties of the soil: the plow-layer density - 0.6 m, pore space, water permeability and some others. The maximum rice yield (5.05 t of grain/ ha) was formed under soybean predecessor, under potato it was lower by 0.15 t / ha, and rice – by 0.29 t / ha. The highest water consumptive use of rice was summed under soybean precursor, the volume of which amounted to 5780 m3 / ha, in the variant where potato was predecessor it decreased to 5622 m3 / ha, and in rice planted after rice - 5521 m3 / ha.
VARIATIVE MODELS OF ACTANTIAL CLASS ADDRESSER VS ADDRESSEE IN ARSENY TARKOVSKY’S LYRICS
Authors: Bokoveli Ol'ga Sergeevna
Published: December 2018

The article is devoted to studying the variative models of the actantial class addresser vs addressee in Arseny Tarkovsky’s lyrics. Actants are considered as persons and objects participating in the process of communication. Their formal manifestation in the poet’s lyrics is based on pronouns as the elements replacing concrete persons and objects. The analysis of actantial structure variants focuses on studying not only the poet’s lyrical subject but the author’s intention, key motives, arrangement of A. A. Tarkovsky’s literary text within the genre system of his lyrics: philosophical and amorous.
MECHANISMS OF MOSCOW METRO MEDIA SPACE FORMATION IN THE GENERAL VECTOR OF PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS DIGITALIZATION
Authors: Rubas Anton Vasil’evich
Published: December 2018

The article considers the modern trend of public communications digitalization by the example of the metro media space. On the basis of the comparative analysis of the printed publications “Moskva Vechernyaya (Evening Moscow)” and “Metro” the paper draws a conclusion about strengthening the influence mechanisms of the mass media content on Moscow metro media space formation. Attention is focused on the need to integrate the printed and electronic mass media. The author gives a brief analysis of the role of the social networks of the underground transport network and the mobile application “Moscow Metro” in forming information and communicative relations with passengers.
COMMUNICATION WITH CHILDREN: STRATEGIES AND TACTICS OF SPEECH BEHAVIOUR
Authors: Anokhina Viktoriya Sergeevna , Kravchenko Oksana Viktorovna
Published: December 2018

The article is devoted to studying the features of speech communication with children in the family. By the material of family speech recordings made by the authors, the speech behaviour of the participants of dialogues “children « parents” is analysed from the position of strategic orientation and tactical implementation of speech communicative interaction. The authors consider the features of parents’ and children’s communicative activity, determine the structure and frequency of the used speech tactics, reveal the conditionality of their choice, first of all, by the age characteristics of children, and confirm the provision on harmonious strategic orientation of family communication.
PECULIARITIES OF TRANSLATOR’S INTERPRETATION OF FLORA IMAGES BY A. M. FINKEL WHEN REPRODUCING THE BEAUTY THEME IN SHAKESPEARE’S SONNETS
Authors: Budyanskaya Nadezhda Viktorovna
Published: December 2018

The author of the article considers to which extent the famous Russian translator of Shakespeare’s sonnets, A. M. Finkel, managed to reproduce the connecting function of flora images. The translation of the full cycle of Shakespeare’s poems, which has been highly appreciated by the leading researchers of Shakespeare’s sonnets and their Russian translations, was the material for this analysis. The aim of the work was to study the peculiarities of the translator’s interpretation of the plant images that are important for Shakespeare in creating the theme of beauty in his sonnets. In the course of the research, a number of translator’s digressions from the original text, giving the theme of beauty new semantic nuances, were found out.
DIALECTICAL INTERACTION OF ARGUMENTATION AND MANIPULATION IN JUDICIAL DISCURSIVE PRACTICES
Authors: Krapivkina Ol’ga Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2018

The article deals with the dialectical interaction of argumentation and manipulation in judicial discursive practices. It is noted that manipulation as a method of speech impact on the irrational sphere of consciousness violates logical laws, however, helps to achieve the perlocutionary speech effect faster than logically built-up argumentation, if the addressees are the bearers of naive consciousness. The correlation of argumentation and manipulation in judicial discourse is determined by the intentional state of the speaker, the addressee’s factor and the mode of communication.
IDENTIFICATION OF UNIVERSAL STRUCTURES FOR ALLITERATED ELEMENTS DISTRIBUTION IN THE OLD ENGLISH POETIC TEXT
Authors: Fomushkina Ol'ga Viktorovna
Published: December 2018

The article deals with the structural peculiarities of alliteration functioning in the Old English poetic texts. The aim of the work is to identify the universal structures of alliterating elements placement within a long poetic line, taking into account the peculiarities of the rhythmic stress placement. The resulting pattern of the distribution of alliterating consonants by feet and half-lines in correlation with the opposition of stressed/unstressed syllables can be applied synchronistically to other poetic texts of this historical period.
THE ASPECT “SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR” IN THE CONCEPT “GRANDMOTHER” REPRESENTATION IN THE RUSSIAN PRECEDENT TEXTS OF HUMOROUS GENRES
Authors: Shipovskaya Anna Anatol’evna , Tsilenko Lyubov’ Petrovna , Gulyaeva Evgeniya Arkad’evna
Published: December 2018

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concept “grandmother” representation in the Russian precedent texts of humorous genres. The objective of the study is to identify the cultural features of the aforementioned concept that make up the perception of social problems and older women’s behaviour in Russia. The paper proves that this aspect finds extensive expression in precedent texts of humorous genres. The authors conclude that the features of the concept “grandmother” highlighted in the course of the study are correlated with real social problems and trends in the modern Russian society.
TEACHING THE PREPOSITION-CASE SYSTEM OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE ON THE BASIS OF FRAME APPROACH
Authors: Zlobina Svetlana Alekseevna
Published: December 2018

The article summarizes the material on the application of the frame approach to teaching and describes the main ways of using frames when acquainting with the cases of the Russian language. Particular attention is paid to the fact that the introduction of the frame method of presenting material helps to develop the grammatical competence of foreign students when working with the support scheme (forms, meanings of cases), contributes to the development of speech (grammatical forms are trained in speech) and communicative (building situational utterances) competences hereafter during the study of communicative and situational frames.
TRADITION OF THE BANGSAWAN THEATRE AND ARTISTIC PECULIARITIES OF THE MALAYSIAN DRAMATURGY OF THE MIDDLE OF THE XX CENTURY (BY THE MATERIAL OF SHAHAROM HUSAIN’S PLAYS)
Authors: Kukushkina Evgeniya Sergeevna
Published: December 2018

The paper reveals the transitory nature of the early Malay dramaturgy of the 1950-1960s with special reference to the writing of Shaharom Husain, one of the most outstanding authors of that time. The analysis demonstrates the persisting influence of the urban theatrical form bangsawan and the artistic principles of realistic drama co-existing in his plays. Ambivalence of focus in Shaharom’s writing brought into life two strikingly different works based on almost identical story line. His dramaturgy reflects complex interplay of tradition and novelty typical of the Malaysian literature of the time that witnessed the increasing dominance of the author’s individuality.
PRIVATE FIRE INSURANCE SYSTEM IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE (BY THE MATERIALS OF SIMBIRSK PROVINCE)
Authors: Solov'eva Ekaterina Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2018

The article examines the process of forming the fire protection system in the Russian Empire. The development of private insurance companies was greatly influenced by the bourgeois reforms of the 1860s, which promoted the growth of insurance. Scrutinous paperwork while preparing an insurance contract, strict procedure in case of an insured accident, rough conditions for receiving compensation should have excluded possible risks and deprive the insurant of the possibility of illegal profit. Nevertheless, insurance companies could refuse to provide insurance coverage without any reason.
STATE-RELIGION RELATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF RADICAL ISLAMIC ORGANIZATIONS ACTIVITY IN THE CENTRAL ASIAN REGION
Authors: Anan'ina Dar'ya Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2018

The article analyses state-religion relations in the context of ultra-radical Islamic organizations activity. The study focuses on the Central Asian region, which is a “cradle” of different terrorist organizations, mainly of religious orientation. Religion is considered as an instrument that under certain conditions can acquire either constructive or destructive features. At the same time, it is the state-confessional relations that act as a vector directing the development of religion according to one or another scenario.
AUTHORITARIAN TRENDS DEVELOPMENT IN MODERN INFORMATION DISCOURSE
Authors: Vyalykh Vladimir Vladimirovich
Published: December 2018

In the context of the modern global information society, the institutionalization of any practice of domination - democratic or authoritarian - is conditioned by the need to use information and communication technologies (ICT). This is not only due to the relevant value and world outlook orientations of the dominant subject but also due to the peculiarity of the information environment of the modern society, which forms prerequisites for the application of both democratic and authoritarian practices of controlling information and using ICT. Within the article, authoritarian trends in information discourse are considered not only as the derivatives of a certain type of political culture but also as a reaction of the dominant subject to the growing complexity of social reality associated with the increasing role of information and communication technologies in the individual’s and the society’s existence. Authoritarianism is not viewed as an unequivocally negative phenomenon, but as a stage in the evolution of domination practices, the institutionalization nature of which, on the one hand, forms new communication channels between the society and the dominant subject, on the other hand, represents new forms of authoritarian domination.
TECHNO-ATTRACTORS IN CITY PLANNING
Authors: Gorodishcheva Anna Nikolaevna
Published: December 2018

The article considers the problem of city planning. The author examines the basic scientific approaches to city planning, identifies similarities and differences in the basic design principles. From the synergetic viewpoint, the paper describes city infrastructure, identifies attractors in modern city planning. To systematize the objectives of urban engineering and technical infrastructures the author introduces the conception of a techno-attractor. It is shown that historical dynamics of urbo- and techno-attractors establishment is determined by cultural parameters. The researcher emphasizes that the city planning system should include new actors: principles and parameters of equipment and material supply, social and spatial solutions of engineering networks, selectivity principle in social benefits distribution, etc.
SYNAESTHESIA IN ART AND FEATURES OF ARTISTIC CREATIVE WORK OF THE DEAF
Authors: Didenko Natal’ya Stanislavovna , Kozlova Tat’yana Vladimirovna
Published: December 2018

The objective of the article is to show synaesthetic connections in art and to reveal the features of the artistic language of the deaf. The authors analyse different views of researchers on the problem of synaesthesia. The main content of the paper is the analysis of paintings and graphic works of the deaf, which shows that visual arts of the deaf have a number of features. According to the results of the study, the authors draw the conclusion about the features of the artistic language of the deaf. The article identifies the features of the artistic language of the deaf in work with colour, rhythm, composition in visual arts. Finally, it summarizes new material on the subject under study, which is connected with visual arts of the deaf.
CORRELATION BETWEEN THE NOTIONS “MORALS” AND “MORALITY” AND ITS METHODOLOGICAL MEANING
Authors: Egorova Natal'ya Nikolaevna , Samarin Vadim Gennad'evich
Published: December 2018

The article considers the content of the notions “morals” and “morality” frequently used both in philosophical and scientific literature and in everyday consciousness. Logical relation between the mentioned notions is analysed. The authors examine the genesis of the “morals” and “morality” notions, summarize the existing conceptual views of inter-concept relation and identify the causes contributing to blurring the content of the “morals” and “morality” notions. The paper provides the critical analysis of some modern approaches to interpreting the notions “morals” and “morality”, argues for their inherent inconsistency and nonconformity with the conceptual views established in the science. The authors argue that morals and morality should be considered as identical notions.
DISCIPLINARY IDENTIFICATION OF MODERN EPISTEMOLOGY OF ART IN TRANSDISCIPLINARITY CONDITIONS
Authors: Kraeva Aleksandra Gennad’evna
Published: December 2018

The article attempts to show how the post-non-classical transformation of the disciplinary areas of scientific knowledge has changed the institutional image of the artistic and cognitive sphere of modern culture. For this purpose, the work identifies the specific parameters of the disciplinary identification of epistemology of art within the framework of such symbolic post-non-classical cultural phenomena as Science art, as well as research in the field of social and cultural neuroscience. The paper substantiates the status of epistemology of art as an essential and full-fledged component of the professional community of epistemologists and philosophers of science, carrying out the fundamental revision of the social and communicative norms of the entire body of disciplinary communities, which is conditioned by the principle of the fundamental responsibility of philosophy in the situation of crucial transformations in modern culture.
AXIOLOGICAL GUIDELINES OF ADVERTISING IN THE INFORMATION SOCIETY
Authors: Kuz’min Vasilii Valer’evich
Published: December 2018

The article analyses axiological guidelines and ethics of advertising in the information society. The purpose of the work is to identify the influence of advertising on the formation of the value criteria of a person in the post-industrial society. The characteristic of the modern forms of advertising interaction as an element of global communication, affecting the socio-cultural values of people and their social attitudes, is presented. The author poses the problem of the ethical correctness of advertising in the context of the widespread use of information and communication technologies.