bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
lei de abuso de autoridade
Authors: Medeiros Rodney , Diniz Thiago Antônio Nascimento Monteiro
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo científico apresenta um estudo sobre os possíveis impactos da Lei de Abuso de Autoridade, Lei nº. 13.869, de 5 de setembro de 2019 na discricionariedade dos atos dos agentes públicos. A nova legislação inseriu uma série de limitações quando da prática de referidos atos na atividade administrativa. Neste sentido, foi feita uma análise dos principais impactos e um panorama sobre as modificações inseridas e, ainda, uma análise sob o enfoque da efetivação das garantias constitucionais, notadamente, aos princípios da Impessoalidade, Moralidade e Motivação dos atos da Administração Pública. Assim, o objetivo essencial do presente estudo constitui na análise de possíveis aspectos positivos e negativos da nova legislação no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro e suas consequências no exercício da atividade administrativa.
Admissibilidade ou mérito?
Authors: Bollis Laura Mattiello , Schmidt Jandir Ademar , Galio Morgana Henicka
Published: March 2023

O artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma análise sobre as condições da ação previstas no Código de Processo Civil de 2015. Para tanto, serão apresentadas breves considerações sobre o conceito de ação, bem como a influência da teoria eclética no âmbito do diploma processual de 1973. Neste contexto, surge a discussão acerca da manutenção desta categoria na teoria geral do processo, causando um dos principais dilemas teóricos do processo civil brasileiro: as condições da ação possuem natureza jurídica de admissibilidade ou mérito? E, ainda, seria a possibilidade jurídica do pedido uma questão processual ou de mérito? Debatendo a natureza jurídica das condições da ação e a conceituação dos referidos requisitos condicionantes, chega-se a uma das principais teorias relacionadas a este trabalho, a chamada teoria da asserção. Para a resolução da problemática, utilizou-se o método dedutivo, com análise dos conceitos previstos na teoria geral do processo, a partir das técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, uma vez que o instituto mencionado sofreu grandes mudanças com a vigência do código processualista atual. Conclui-se que, apesar das divergências doutrinárias e da adoção à teoria da asserção, o Superior Tribunal de Justiça filiou-se ao código de processo civil de 2015 e firmou o entendimento de que as condições da ação são questões processuais. A possibilidade jurídica do pedido, por sua vez, deixa de integrar as condições da ação, de modo que sua análise consiste em questão de mérito.
Fornecimento gratuito de medicamentos pelo estado e a limitação imposta pela reserva do possível
Authors: Schifler Larissa , Wechinewsky Patricia Minini
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo tem o propósito de refletir sobre o fornecimento gratuito de medicamentos pelo Estado e a limitação imposta pela reserva do possível. O problema proposto é o de identificar quais são os limites impostos pela reserva do possível à efetivação do direito à saúde, especificamente, ao fornecimento gratuito de medicamentos pelo Estado. Como hipótese, aventa-se que o Poder Público deverá garantir uma existência digna a todos os brasileiros, ainda que alegue a ausência de recursos financeiros e/ou previsão orçamentária. O objetivo geral foi o de analisar os limites da reserva do possível para o fornecimento gratuito de medicamentos pelo Estado, em detrimento do mínimo existencial com foco no aumento da judicialização de demandas dessa natureza nos estados brasileiros. Em relação aos objetivos específicos, buscou-se conceituar as políticas públicas de saúde, discutir sobre a dignidade da pessoa humana e o direito à saúde, compreender a dificuldade na efetivação do direito à saúde pelos entes públicos, por força de decisões judiciais, à luz do princípio da reserva do possível, e examinar os entendimentos do Supremo Tribunal Federal sobre o tema. Como metodologia, tem-se a análise sistemática da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil em relação aos direitos fundamentais e sociais cumulativamente aos princípios constitucionais, bem como uma revisão bibliográfica e jurisprudencial, utilizou-se para tanto do método dedutivo. Como conclusão, destaca-se que a hipótese se confirmou, visto que o Estado deve garantir um mínimo existencial. Entretanto, deve observar os orçamentos públicos sob o viés do interesse coletivo, conforme delineado na teoria da reserva do possível.
Ciência não binária e os impactos da inteligência artificial nas decisões judiciais
Authors: Lago Stephany Cardoso Vilha do , Wechinewsky Patricia Minini
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar os impactos sociais e jurídicos causados pelo uso da inteligência artificial na tomada de decisões judiciais. Para tanto, destaca-se como problema de pesquisa o questionamento: O uso da inteligência artificial nas decisões judiciais afronta os Direitos Fundamentais assegurados na Constituição Federal? Aventa-se como hipótese de pesquisa a necessidade de parâmetros assentados na Lei, uma vez que o Poder Judiciário, como órgão julgador, não se restringe, tão somente, a regulamentos éticos os quais, inclusive, apresentam falhas em diversas questões que serão elucidadas no decorrer do presente artigo.  Assim, as discussões acerca do referido assunto, vão além das benesses proporcionadas pelas Legaltechs, empresas especializadas em softwares jurídicos. A metodologia adotada consiste na abordagem dedutiva, realizada através da ampla revisão bibliográfica e análise documental alusivas ao tema abordado. Com base nisso, desprende-se no decorrer da pesquisa a evolução tecnológica, as diferentes abordagens do aprendizado de máquina, a crise numérica no judiciário e os impactos relativos ao uso da inteligência artificial nas decisões judiciais. Por fim, conclui-se que, apesar dos avanços significativos prestados pela Resolução 332/20 do Conselho Nacional de Justiça, pouco se contribuiu para o preenchimento das lacunas jurídicas na produção e governança desta nova tecnologia quando empregadas no Poder Judiciário.
Aplicação do princípio da insignificância nos crimes contra administração pública
Authors: Kolb Bruno Matheus , Bueno Mariza Schuster
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo tem como intuito analisar a controvérsia existente entre a doutrina brasileira e a divergência entre os tribunais superiores quando se trata da aplicação do princípio da insignificância aos crimes contra a Administração Pública. O objetivo geral consiste em analisar a aplicação do princípio da insignificância nos crimes contra a administração pública. Assim, o presente estudo trata do conceito de administração pública; aborda os crimes contra a administração pública; analisa o princípio da insignificância e demonstra a possibilidade de aplicar o princípio da insignificância aos crimes contra a administração pública. Utiliza-se a metodologia qualitativa e método de abordagem dedutivo. A opinião doutrinária em sua maioria concorda que há a aplicação do princípio em determinados crimes, quando a atipicidade é configurada. A opinião da Suprema Corte estava, até alguns anos atrás, em alinhamento com a doutrina, defendendo que quando os elementos necessários para a configuração do princípio estão presentes, não há que se falar em inaplicabilidade. Atualmente, há decisão contrária da Suprema Corte quanto a aplicabilidade do princípio em crimes funcionais. É certo que o Superior Tribunal de Justiça possui Súmula que diverge da doutrina e de decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal, porém, é possível concluir que faz sentido aplicar o princípio quando claramente há atipicidade da conduta, pois judicializar e criminalizar condutas que causaram inexpressiva lesão jurídica faz com que o Estado possua mais onerosidades, prejudique a celeridade dos tribunais judiciais brasileiros em julgar casos que realmente necessitem de atenção do Judiciário, além de sobrecarregar o sistema carcerário. Assim questiona-se: Qual a viabilidade da aplicação do princípio da insignificância nos crimes da Administração Pública?
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Andong Merah terhadap Eschericia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Indiyen Reca , Aryati Fika , Narsa Angga Cipta
Published: March 2023

Infection disease is one of the most common diseases in the world. Infection can be caused by bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus which are now resistant to some antibiotics, so new agents are needed to overcome antibiotic resistance. Red andong leaves are empirically efficacious for treating wounds, hemorrhoids, inflammation, diarrhea and stopping bleeding (hemostasis). This study aims to determine the yield of ethanol extracts red andong leaves and determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts of red andong leaves against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The research began with the process of extracting red andong leaves by maceration method, then carried out antibacterial testing by the well diffusion method. The results showed the extract concentrations of 10%, 30%, and 50% were able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The biggest antibacterial activity of red andong extract was obtained at a concentration of 50% with a inhibition zone of 17,836 mm (Staphylococcus aureus) and 9,012 mm (Escherichia coli).
Aktivitas Ekstrak Etanol Umbi Bawang Tiwai (Eleutherine americana (Aubl.) Merr) terhadap Kelarutan Kalsium Batu Ginjal secara In Vitro
Authors: Kuling Triani Yastuti , Fadraersada Jaka , Sastyarina Yurika
Published: March 2023

Kidney stones are a disease that occurs due to the deposition of compounds that are difficult to dissolve because the body lacks fluids. Bawang Tiwai (Eleutherine americana (Aubl.) Merr) is an endemic Dayak plant in Kalimantan which has been traditionally used as traditional medicine dayak’s people. One of the active components is flavanoid which can dissolve kidney stones. This study aims to determine the concentration activity of the bawang tiwai roots extract to dissolve kidney stone calcium. The extract was made by maceration method using ethanol 96%. The extraction activity testing used 5 treatments namely 1 ppm, 2 ppm, 3 ppm, negative control (distilled water) and positive control (elixir stone). Kidney stones were then added as much as 10 mg to each treatment. After the addition of kidney stones in each treatment incubation for 3 hours at 37 ?. Calcium solubility activity was seen by using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer by measuring the absorbance value of each test concentration. The results showed that the 3 ppm concentration was the optimal concentration in dissolving kidney stone calcium in vitro.
Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Alang-Alang (Imperata cylindrica L) sebagai Peluruh Kalsium Batu Ginjal secara In Vitro
Authors: Fatimah Istnaini Reiza , Bone Mahfuzun , Sastyarina Yurika
Published: March 2023

Kidney stones are a disease caused by existence urine sediment in the kidneys and urinary tract which clog the urinary tract so that when urinating it causes pain. One alternative to be used to treat kidney stone disease is traditional treatment using herbal plants that are widespread in Indonesia. The plants that is widespread in Indonesia, Imperata that grow wild in forests, fields, lawns and roadside in sunny dry areas. The research was aimed to find secondary metabolites and activity of Imperata extract ethanol on calcium solubility of kidney stones. Kidney stones from the reaction between calcium chloride and potassium oxalate. The extract was obtained from the maceration process using 96% ethanol solvent. The test of secondary metabolites by adding chemical reagents to the extract and activity test by making 3 series of extract concentrations, namely 1%, 3% and 5%. 100 mg kidney stones were inserted in the extract solution than incubated for 3 hours (370C). The filtrate was measured dissolved calcium levels using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer at ? 499 nm. The result show that Imperata positive containing flavonoids, alkaloids, tanins, steroids and triterpenoids, and have an effect in dissolving kidney stone calcium in vitro where the best concentration of ethanol extract of Imperata is 5% concentration with dissolved calcium levels of 301,450 ppm.
Pengaruh Induksi Tukak Lambung Menggunakan Aspirin terhadap Kerusakan Jaringan Mukosa Lambung Mencit
Authors: Oktrinorma Widya Vergiana , Indriyanti Niken , Masyithah Z Nur
Published: March 2023

Gastric ulcer is a condition of damage to the gastric mucosa accompanied by an inflammatory process. Gastric mucosal damage can be induced by various factors, one of which is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The purpose of this study was to assess the appropriate dose and time as a cause of damage to the gastric mucosa of mice due to exposure to aspirin. Before being induced, mice were fasted for 24 hours, white mice DDY strains (Deutschland, Denkenand and Yoken) were divided into 3 groups namely normal groups, aspirin 14 mg / 20 g BW (1 day), aspirin 14 mg / 20 g BW (2 days) orally. The results showed that the aspirin induced group 14mg / 20g BW had the most significant weight loss of mice, and showed the most severe epithelial tissue damage to the gastric mucosa with mucosal integrity score based on Barthel Manja criteria, namely 1. It can be concluded that the right dose of aspirin as an induction of damage to the gastric mucosa of mice is a dose of 14mg / 20 g BW (2 days).
Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Gelling Agent HEC dalam Sediaan Gel Sariawan Ekstrak Daun Sirih Hitam terhadap Sifat Fisik Gel
Authors: Libba Imelia Rosalia , Prasetya Fajar , Putri Novita Eka Kartab
Published: March 2023

Recurrent Aftose Stomatitis (RAS) or sprue is one of the most common diseases of the oral mucosa. One of the contributing factor is the infection of Streptococcus sanguinis and Candida albicans. Black betel leaf contains a group of secondary metabolites that are used as antimicrobials . Gel is a good conductive preparation on mucouse membran. One of the factors that influence the physical properties of gel is the gelling agent. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of HEC variation as a gelling agents on the physical properties of black betel leaf extract gel. Black betel leaf extract was obtained by maceration with 70% ethanol solvent. The gel was formulated into four formula with variations in HEC consentration is 1%, 1,5%, 2% and 2,5%. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts used the diffusion method of the wells. Tests of physical properties used organoleptic tests, homogenity, pH, spreadability and viscosity. The results showed that black betel leaf extract at a concentration of 2.5% was able to inhibit Streptococcus sanguinis and Candida albicans. An increase in HEC concentration can cause increase in the viscosity and decrease in the spreadibility, but does not  affect organoleptics, homogenity and pH of the preparation. The best formula produced is formula F3 with 2% HEC composition.
Uji Aktivitas Antidiare Madu dan Kombinasi Madu dengan Infusa Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava L.) terhadap Mencit
Authors: Kalanarky Rany Silvi Mova , Prasetya Fajar , Annisa Nurul
Published: March 2023

Diarrhea is a major cause of death in developing countries where changes in movement in the normal intestine are characterized by increased water content, volume, or frequency of bowel movements. This study aims to determine the antidiarrheal activity of honey and the combination of honey with guava leaf (Psidium guajava L.) infusion on mice. The method used is the protection method induced by Oleum Ricini. The results showed that honey 20 g / kgBB and a combination of honey 20g / kgBB with 30% Guava Leaf Infusion can provide antidiarrheal activity in mice.
Potensi Sari Kurma (Phoenix dactylifera) sebagai Peluruh Kristal Kalsium Oksalat Secara In Vitro
Authors: Ayu Wilujeng , Prabowo Wisnu Cahyo , Indriyanti Niken
Published: March 2023

Dates (Phoenix dactilyfera) contain chemical compositions that can be used as traditional medicine for Calcium oxalate of kidney stone decay. Compound in palm juice can make Calcium oxalate dissolving is flavonoid and calium . The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Palm dates juice dissolving calcium oxalate to determine the relationship between the concentration of dates palm juice with calcium solubility in kidney stones. To test its activities carried out in vitro using calcium oxalate which incubated for 3 hours with shaken out every 20 minutes at 37oC Determination of the solubility of calcium in date palm juice is by weighs insoluble calcium oxalate. Palm's juice concentration is divided into 60%, 50%, 40%, 30% and 20%. The results of these concentrations can be concluded that the juice of dates has the activity of dissolving calcium oxalate from kidney stones with average result weight in sequence 0.02 + 0.005 g; 0.02 + 0.005 g; 0.03 + 0.005 g; 0.04 + 0.005 g and 0.05 + 0.005 g. Positive control (batugin elixir) 60%, 50%,40%, 30% and 20% with in sequence result 0.08 + 0.001 g; 0.08 + 0.001 g; 0.08 + 0.005 g; 0.09 + 0.005 g; and 0.1 + 0.005 g. Negative Control result 0.11 g. The results obtained from the standard deviation are 0.031. Calcium oxalate that is not dissolved at most in the sample is 20% with an average of 0.05 + 0.005 g and the positive control is 20% of the batugine with an average of 0.1 + 0.005 g.Based on the weighing of calcium oxalate from each concentration the higher the concentration will cause the least insoluble calcium oxalate.
Kajian Literatur: Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Herba Suruhan (Peperomia pellucida L.)
Authors: Rahmawatiani Ayu , Mayasari Dewi , Narsa Angga Cipta
Published: March 2023

Suruhan (Peperomia Pellucida L.) is one of the weed plants that grow wild in humid environments. This plant is commonly found in Indonesia and has been used by the community as a medicinal plant. The secondary metabolites contained oh suruhan are saponins, phenols, flavonoids, and tannins. These compounds are thought to provide antibacterial activity. The purpose of writing this literature review is to determine the compound of secondary metabolites, the antibacterial activity of the extract, and the effective concentration as an antibacterial agent. The method used is literature review by searching journals database with the Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scient Direct. Based on the literature review, the secondary metabolites contained are flavonoids, tannins, steroids, phenols, saponins, glycosides, anterquinone, pellucidin A, stigmasterol, and fucosterol. The antibacterial activity test showed that the extract was able to inhibit gram-positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Propionibacterium acne, and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as gram-negative bacteria, such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella dysentriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluoescens, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi. The activity produced by gram-negative bacteria is more sensitive than gram-positive bacteria. While the effective concentrations of n-hexane extract against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were 10 mg/mL and 200 mg/L, the resulting inhibition zone diameters were 17.9 mm and 18 mm.
Kajian Penggunaan Obat Insomnia sebagai Penyakit Penyerta pada Salah Satu Rumah Sakit Khusus Daerah di Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Putri Serly Monika , Rijai Laode , Agustina Risna
Published: March 2023

Insomnia is a sleep disorder such as dissatisfaction with sleep quality, difficulty in sleeping and maintaining sleep, causing physical and emotional symptoms that affect performance and also cognitivity. The existence of mental disorders such as depression, fatigue and anxiety which culminate in insomnia so that a person does not sleep soundly. The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics, variations of the diseases that cause insomnia, drug use, and drug interactions that occur. The research method used an observational retrospective method by tracing medical record data at a special regional hospital in East Kalimantan with a total sampling technique during 2019. The results obtained for characteristic data that insomnia was greater for women (57%) at the age of 56-65 years (40%) with primary and junior high school education (30%) who do not work (77%) and who do not have a history of disease (93%) and insomnia due to anxiety (94%). For the variation of insomnia, based on the causes and history of the disease, whether there is anxiety disorder or anxiety. Treatment is done with 87% single therapy, namely using the drugs Alprazolam (8%), Clozapine (41%), Fluoxetine (4%), Risperidone (8%), Lorazepam (8%), Diazepam (11%), Zolpidem tartrate (4%), Amitripthyline (4%), Clonazepam (4%), and Clorpromazin (8%) while 13% uses 2 combination of drug therapy is using combination of Fluoxetine and Amitripthyline (25%), Clozapine and Sertraline (50%), and Maprotiline hydrochloride and Clobazam (25%). The potential interactions are entirely pharmacokinetic interactions of the metabolic phase with major severity of 75% and moderate severity of 25%.
Profil KLT Partisi Etil Asetat Ekstrak Metanol Daun Sirih Hitam (Piper betle L. Var Nigra)
Authors: Parapat Natanael Ramos , Prasetya Fajar , Gama Sabaniah Indjar , Arifuddin M
Published: March 2023

Black betel leaves are widely used for various treatments, one of which is oral diseases such as gingivitis and dental caries by Indonesians. The purpose of this study was to determine the class of compounds and to find the best eluent for the separation of compounds from methanol extract. This research begins with extraction using the maceration method withmethanolsolvent. The extract obtained was tested using analytical TLC to find the best eluent. After obtaining the best eluent, the partition extraction of black betel leaf methanol extract was carried out using ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate soluble and ethyl acetate insoluble extractswere separated then the three extracts were continued with the identification of the compounds by analytical TLC using the two best eluent comparisons that had been done previously and then observed under UV light 254 nm and 366 nm after that sprayed using Dragendorff reagent and FeCl3. The best eluent analysis result of ethyl acetate partition of black betel leaf methanol extract was n-hexane:ethyl acetate (6:4, 3:1) and TLC analysis showed that the compounds contained were alkaloids and phenolic.
Literature Review: Aktivitas Kulit Jeruk dalam Bidang Farmasi
Authors: Dari Ayu Wulan , Narsa Angga Cipta , Zamruddin Nur Masyithah
Published: March 2023

Jeruk manis (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) adalah buah yang ditanam diiklim tropis ataupun subtropis dan termasuk komoditas buah penting dipasaran baik didalam negeri maupun dunia. Banyaknya permintaan jeruk ini mengakibatkan tingginya jumlah limbah kulit jeruk di Indonesia yang mencapai 309.678 ton pertahun. Kulit buah jeruk biasanya hanya dibuang dan tidak dimanfaatkan dan menjadi sampah yang tidak ada manfaatnya. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder, aktivitas farmakologis, dan bentuk sediaan yang telah dibuat dari kulit jeruk manis. Metode yang digunakan yaitu studi literaturdengan penelusuran jurnal dan karya tulis ilmiah dengan database Google Scholar, Sematic Scholar, Science Direct, dan Wiley Online Library. Berdasarkan kajian literatur diketahui bahwa kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder kulit jeruk manis yaitu flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, glikosida, steroid, karbohidrat, pektin, senyawa fenolik, kumarin, glikosida, saponin, dan terpenoid. Diketahui aktivitas farmakologis pada kulit jeruk manis yaitu sebagai antibakteri (senyawa 1,8-cineole, d-limonene, 5-C-glycosyl flavones: lucenin-2, vicenin-2, stellarin-2, lucenin-2-41- methyl ether and scoparin; one 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl glycolsyl, flavonol: 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl glycosyl quercetin), antijamur (senyawa limonene, ?-pinene, ?-pinene, dan ?-myrcere), antioksidan (senyawa neohesperidin, hesperidin, 5-C-glycosyl flavornes: lucenin-2,vicenin-2, stellarin-2, lucenin-2-41- methyl ether and scoparin; one 3-hydroxy-3 methylglutaryl glycosylflavonol: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl glycosyl quercetin; and one flavone O-glycosides: chrysoeriol7-O-neoesperidoside dan komponen fenolik yaitu polymethoxylated flavones, O-glycosylated flavones, C-glycosylated flavones, O-glycosylated flavonols, O-glycosylated flavanones (glycosylated flavonones), insektisda (senyawa flavonoid, d-limonene, limonoid, saponin, dan tanin), tabir surya (senyawa antranilat dan hesperidin), peluruh steroform (senyawa limonene), antidiabetes (senyawa flavonoid), antikolesterol (senyawa flavonoid dan pektin) dan penyembuh luka (senyawa hesperidine, PMF, limonene, vitamin A, vitamin C , dan vitamin E). Serta bentuk sediaan yang telah dibuat dari kulit jeruk manis yaitu berupa masker peel-off sebagai antibakteri, masker gel sebagai antioksidan, tablet hisap sebagai vitamin C, sabun mandi cair sebagai antioksidan, serta gel untuk penyembuhan luka.
Kajian Literatur Potensi Tanaman-Tanaman Obat Untuk Mengatasi Luka Bakar
Authors: Zeline Maharani Adelia , Aryati Fika , Indriyanti Niken
Published: March 2023

Luka bakar adalah suatu macam cedera parah dibanding cedera lainnya, dengan permasalahan yang kompleks dan angka mortalitas maupun morbiditas yang tinggi. Saat ini minat masyarakat Indonesia untuk kembali pada pengobatan tradisional semakin meningkat, karena pengobatan menggunakan ramuan tradisional dari bahan alami lebih murah daripada obat kimia sintetis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari tanaman yang paling berpotensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi sediaan farmasi untuk luka bakar berdasarkan konsentrasi uji dan waktu kesembuhan luka bakar, serta memperkirakan senyawa-senyawa yang diduga aktif mempercepat penutupan luka bakar. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah mengumpulkan skripsi dan jurnal ilmiah secara online yang telah di publikasikan melalui Google Scholar dari tahun 2012-2020 dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil menunjukkan tanaman obat yang berpotensi mengatasi luka bakar berdasarkan waktu dan persentase kesembuhan yang dibandingkan dengan kontrol positif yaitu daun mengkudu (21 hari, 97%), daun rumput bermuda (21 hari, 80%), daun kitolod (14 hari, 63%), bunga kecombrang (12 hari, 72%), daun kersen (14 hari, 93,3%), herba pegagan (14 hari, 100%), daun jambu biji (20 hari, 100%), daun pepolo (21 hari, 92,5%), kulit buah manggis (21 hari, 83%), daun srikaya (16 hari, 100%), dan daun sukun (19 hari, 100%). Kandungan senyawa dalam tanaman obat yang diduga mempercepat penutupan luka bakar antara lain flavonoid, tanin, saponin, polifenol, alkaloid, vitamin C, vitamin B, triterpenoid dan steroid. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa tanaman yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi sediaan farmasi yaitu herba pegagan, daun jambu biji, daun srikaya, dan daun sukun.
Kajian Literatur Mengenai Tingkat Keamanan Tanaman Kelor (Moringa Oleifera L.) dari Hasil Uji Toksisitas Akut dan Subkronis
Authors: Islamika Frety Aula Nur , Aryati Fika , Indriyanti Niken
Published: March 2023

Kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) merupakan tanaman yang kaya nutrisi dan bermanfaat bagi manusia. Kandungan nutrisi kelor tersebar ke seluruh bagian tanaman dari daun, kulit batang, bunga, biji, hingga akar yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pengobatan penyakit maupun kekurangan nutrisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat keamanan tanaman kelor dari hasil uji toksisitas akut dan subkronis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah kajian literatur dengan cara mengambil original artikel melalui search egine google scholar tanaman kelor dengan range tahun 2011-2020 kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil kajian literatur menunjukkn bahwa tanaman kelor bagian daun, kulit batang, dan akar pada uji toksisitas akut menggunakan tikus dan mencit didapatkan hasil bahwa nilai LD50 pada akar 15,9-17,8 g/kg, pada daun >3000 mg/kg,dan pada kulit batang praktis tidak toksik dalam dosis tunggal, kemudian untuk uji toksisitas sub-kronik menggunakan tikus didapatkan hasil bahwa relatif aman digunakan, namun perlu didiperhatikan jika digunakan dalam waktu yang lama, kemudian pada parameter tes hematologi, kreatinin, dan urea tidak terjadi perbedaan yang signifikan dengan nilai p tidak lebih dari 0,05 (p?0,05) dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Berdasarkan hasil mengkaji data uji toksisitas akut dan sub-kronik dapat disimpulkan bahwa tanaman kelor praktis tidak toksik dan relatif aman digunakan, namun jika digunakan dalam jangka panjang perlu diperhatikan.
Kajian Literatur Toksisitas Tanaman Ruku-Ruku (Ocimum sanctum L.)
Authors: Ainun Andi Asti , Agustina Risna , Indriyanti Niken
Published: March 2023

Tanaman ruku-ruku merupakan tanaman yang memiliki berbagai manfaat dan khasiat bagi kesehatan. Seluruh bagian tanaman ruku-ruku dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi berbagai macam penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keamanan tanaman ruku-ruku dari hasil uji toksisitas umum maupun khusus. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah dengan mengkaji literatur yang diperoleh melalui google scholar dan pubmed dari tahun 2002-2020 kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil kajian literatur menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun maupun seluruh bagian tanaman ruku-ruku untuk toksisitas akut ialah relatif tidak membahayakan dengan nilai LD50 >7g/kgBB terhadap mencit dan >15g/kgBB terhadap tikus. Untuk toksisitas sub-akut dinyatakan aman karena tidak adanya perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap berat badan, parameter hematologi, dan biokimia serta histopatologi jaringan (hati, ginjal, limpa, jantung, dan testis/ovarium). Toksisitas khusus untuk uji reproduksi tidak memiliki efek yang merugikan terhadap sistem reproduksi hewan coba termasuk total kelahiran, rasio jenis kelamin, dan jumlah anak yang hidup pada hari ke-0 dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol, indeks kesuburan hewan coba betina, fekunditas, dan kehamilan serta indeks kesuburan hewan coba jantan. Berdasarkan hasil uji toksisitas umum dan khusus, tanaman ruku-ruku dinyatakan aman dan tidak memiliki efek yang merugikan bagi tubuh.
Studi Literatur: Aktivitas Antidiabetes Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine americana) dan Serai (Cymbopogon citratus)
Authors: Pratiwi Miranda Aurora , Mahmudah Febrina , Sastyarina Yurika
Published: March 2023

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. The Indonesian government is currently advising the public to consume traditional-based medicines because of their low side effects. One of the traditional medicines used is lemongrass and dayak onions. This study aims to determine the chemical compound content and antidiabetic activity of lemongrass and dayak onions. The research method used is the literature review method. Data searches were performed online on the PubMed, Science Direct, Google, Elsevier, and Google Scholar databases as well as other journal search websites. The scientific journals used are scientific journals published in the last 13 years. From 9 literature that has been studied, it shows that dayak onion tubers identify the presence of tannin compounds, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, glycosides, and anthraquinones while lemongrass contains tannin compounds, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, essential oils, phenolic, anthraquinones, carbohydrates, and glycosides. From 14 literature it is known that dayak onion tubers and lemongrass have antidiabetic activity. Compounds that have anti-diabetic activity properties include flavonoids, tannin and alkaloids contained in dayak onion and lemongrass, other than that essential oils contained in lemongrass.
Studi Literatur: Aktivitas Senyawa [6]?Gingerol dari Rimpang Jahe (Zingiber officinale) sebagai Imunomodulator
Authors: Hasanah Nanda Uswatun , Rahmawati Dewi , Sastyarina Yurika
Published: March 2023

Immunomodulator is a substance that can change or affect the body's immune system to normal. One of the plants that has immunomodulatory activity is ginger rhizome. Ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale) is a tribe of Zingiberaceae which is widespread in Southeast Asia, empirically used as a cooking spice and traditional medicine to treat various medical conditions such as diabetes, arthritis, rheumatism, soreness, sore throat, constipation, indigestion, hypertension, dementia, fever, infectious diseases, and helminthiasis. The purpose of this study is to examine the literature regarding the compound [6] -Gingerol from ginger rhizome which has immunomodulatory activity. This research method is a literature study conducted by an online search process using the Google Chrome application, journals obtained on the ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The journals are national and international journals without any publication time limit for cited journals. There are 7 pieces of literature showing that the compound [6] -Gingerol from ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale) has activity as an immunomodulator.
Literatur Review: Aktivitas Antibakteri Terhadap Bakteri Penyebab Gangren Diabetik dari Minyak Atsiri Berbagai Tanaman Herbal
Authors: Novianti Riska , Ardana Mirhansyah , Sastyarina Yurika
Published: March 2023

Diabetic gangrene is a complication caused by infection due to the presence of a bacteria or a wound inflammatory process associated with diabetes mellitus. One of the therapies given is by taking antibiotics and currently the problem of antimicrobial resistance is a problem that is often faced which makes people start using drugs from natural ingredients. This literature search aims to determine the antibacterial activity of essential oils of various herbal plants against bacteria that cause diabetic gangrene. The method used is literature review with journal searches on indexed journal databases. The results obtained from 12 literature show that the essential oil of a herbal plant that has antibacterial activity against bacteria that cause diabetic gangrene, namely Cymbopogon citratus essential oil, Juglans regia L, Zataria multiflora Boiss, Ocimum gratissimum L, Satureja spicigera, Cinnamomum osmophloeum, a combination of essential oils masoyi and cinnamon, citronella (Cymbopogon bernadus L), jeringau rhizome (Acorus calamus Linn), Piper gibbilimbum C, kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix DC) and clove flower essential oil (Syzygium arimaticum).
Studi Literatur: Penggunaan Obat Remdesivir dan Favipiravir dalam Terapi Covid-19
Authors: Lestari Sri , Mayasari Dewi , Sastyarina Yurika
Published: March 2023

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease caused by the new coronavirus and is spreading rapidly throughout the world. Several studies were conducted to find these antiviral agents, one of which is Remdesivir and Favipiravir. This literature study aims to examine the use of Remdesivir and Favipiravir as therapy in COVID-19 patients with a literature study. The research method used is a literature review with an electronic database of indexed journals with a journal publication time limit for 2019-2020 using the appropriate keywords. From the 10 literature that has been reviewed, it shows that the use of Remdesivir and Favipiravir in the treatment of COVID-19 provides an improvement in the patient's health condition.
Studi Literatur: Aktivitas Imunomodulator Tanaman Jintan Hitam (Nigella sativa L.)
Authors: Gunawati Tanti Dwi , Mahmudah Febrina , Sastyarina Yurika
Published: March 2023

An immunomodulator is a substance or agent that can cause immunomodulatory activity by changing or affecting the immune system or producing an unwanted immune response through dynamic regulation of the target immune system. Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) or better known to the public with Habbatus saudah already included in the Ranunculaceae plant family has properties to treat various diseases such as strengthening the immune system, asthma, bronchitis, diabetes, anti-histamine, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor. digestive tract and bacteria. This study aims to analyze the literature related to the immunomodulatory activity of black cumin plants. The research method used is a literature study. Data searches were carried out using online search engine instruments such as Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct, Elsevier, NCBI without any time limit for cited journals. The results of research from 10 journals that have been analyzed show that black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) has acted as an immunomodulator.
Studi Literatur: Tanaman yang Memiliki Aktivitas Peluruh Kalsium Batu Ginjal Secara In Vitro
Authors: Rahayu Yustika , Mita Nur , Sastyarina Yurika
Published: March 2023

Kidney stones are a disease that is often found in society due to various causes. This disease is characterized by hardened deposits in the kidneys, mostly containing calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate. The medical treatment used is most effective with surgery. But this can carry significant risks, unwanted side effects, and is relatively expensive. So that herbal medicine becomes an alternative. This study aims to determine which plants have the activity of calcium kidney stone breaking. The research method used is online data search using appropriate keywords, carried out online in indexed journal databases. Based on several studies, there are several plants that have in vitro activity so that they can provide an overview of certain herbal plants that have the potential to decay calcium kidney stones, namely Cocor Bebek (Bryophyllum Pinnatum Lam), Kelor Leaves (Moringa oleifera Lam.), combination of Soursop Leaves ( Annona muricata) and pegagan (Centella asiatica L.Urb) , Adam Hawa leaves (Rhoeo discolor Hance), starfruit leaves (Averrhoa bilimbii L.), Moonflower leaves (Tithonia diversifolia), and celery (Apium graveolens L.)The part of tamanan leaves studied has a good affinity for releasing kidney stones calcium.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Kombinasi Umbi Bawang Tiwai dan Kulit Buah Lemon Terhadap Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli
Authors: Meilaningrum Adinda Niti , Putri Novita Eka Kartab , Sastyarina Yurika
Published: March 2023

Tiwai onion (Eleutherine americana (Aubl.) Merr) is a plant that contains several groups of secondary metabolites, one of which is the alkaloid group. Lemon rind (Citrus limon) is a plant that contains more than 2.5% essential oil and hesperidin. Several classes of secondary metabolite compounds from these two plants have antibacterial activity. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the extract and the antibacterial activity of the extract combination. The extract characteristics were tested in the form of organoleptic, pH and solubility. Meanwhile, the antibacterial activity test was carried out by using the well diffusion method. The results obtained were the characteristics of the tiwai bulb extract and lemon peel in the form of organoleptic (color: blackish red and yellow, thick texture, distinctive aroma of onion bulbs and lemon peel); pH (6.4 and 4.8); solubility (soluble in ethanol, methanol and aquades) and antibacterial activity at a concentration of 12: 3 with an average of 8.75mm (S. aureus) and 7mm (E.coli); 12: 6 with a mean of 11mm (S.aureus) and 7.25mm (E.coli); 12: 8 with an average of 12.25mm (S.aureus) and 13.75mm (E.coli). It can be concluded that at a concentration of 12: 8 the combination of these extracts had the highest average inhibition zone in inhibiting the two bacteria.
A Meso-Level Analysis of the Revitalization of the WUSC Student Refugee Program at St. Francis Xavier University
Authors: Verberg Norine , MacDonald Jordan
Published: March 2023

Although millions of community members have come together in various ways to sponsor and resettle refugees for decades, scholars are just now beginning to study why people get involved and how they organize themselves to accomplish the practical, organizational, and emotional tasks community sponsorship requires. This article contributes to this emerging literature with a meso-level analysis of actions taken by one student-led local committee (LC) to revitalize the World University Service of Canada (WUSC) Student Refugee Program (SRP) nested at its university. Over 2,200 refugee youth have been sponsored through the WUSC SRP to study and settle in Canada since 1978, yet little is known about how campus LCs navigate their responsibilities or evaluate and sustain their program. Analysis of in-depth interviews with executive members was guided by and informs research on community sponsorship and theories of group action, community of practice, and stewardship.
Acute and Repeated Dose 28-day Oral Toxicity Studies of Ich Tri Hadiphar Capsules
Authors: Thi Lien Nguyen , Hang Nguyen Thi
Published: March 2023

Abstract:  Ich tri Hadiphar capsules used for dementia treatment were evaluated for acute and repeated dose toxicities in mice and rabbits, respectively. The acute toxicity results indicated that LD50 of Ich tri Hadiphar capsules in mice according to the method of Behrens is greater than 30 g/kg body weight. In the repeated dose toxicity study, rabbits were administrated Ich tri Hadiphar with doses of 186.5 and 560.0 mg/kg/day for 28 days (equivalent to the dose used on humans and the dose of 3 times more than one used on humans). Blood samples were taken on day 0, day 14, and day 28 of the experiment for hematological and biochemical analysis. Liver and kidney samples were taken on day 28 for histopathological determinations. The repeated dose toxicity results revealed that there were no significant differences in hematological and serum biochemical values between control and treatment animals. Furthermore, no histopathological changes in the liver and kidney of rabbits treated with Ich tri Hadiphar capsules were observed.

Keywords: Acute toxicity, repeated dose toxicity, Ich tri Hadiphar.
Some Clinical and Subclinical Characteristics of Patients with Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer in Huu Nghi Hospital
Authors: Thi Khanh Tam Le , Cam Phuong Pham , Phuong Hoa Nguyen
Published: March 2023

Abstract: This study aims to describe the clinical and subclinical characteristics of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The retrospective study was conducted on 46 patients with CRPC in Huu Nghi Hospital. The results indicated that the main clinical symptoms were bone pain (63.0%), hematuria (34.0%), and lower urinary tract symptoms (32.6%). The highest and lowest PSA concentrations were 611.3 ng/mL and 0.01 ng/mL, respectively. The most common sites of metastasis were bone (82.6%), lymph node (50.0%), and lung (19.6%). These patients were all at the late stage, so most of them had symptoms of metastasis and high PSA.

Keywords: Prostate cancer, castration-resistant, clinical characteristics, subclinical characteristics.
Potentialities of Antimicrobial Peptide Mastoparan C Isolated the European Hornet Vespa Crabro in Drug Discovery
Authors: Thi Phuong Hai Bui , Thi Kim Anh Trinh , Thi Khanh Huyen Tran , Xuan Huy Luong , Thi Ngan Dang , Thi Thuong Bui , Van Khanh Nguyen , Thanh Hai Nguyen , Thi Thanh Binh Nguyen
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Exploring the potential of natural bioactive peptides is becoming more and more important for new drug discovery. First isolated from the European wasp Vespa crabro, the antimicrobial peptide Mastoparan C was found in higher content than many other molecules in the Mastoparan family. In addition to the mast cell degranulation that is similar to some components in insect venom, this compound possesses remarkable biological activities such as broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal, inhibiting the proliferation of many human cancer cell lines. However, unfortunately, Mastoparan C has the notable side effect of causing mammalian hemolysis. By investigating its structure-activity relationships, this review pointed out some suggestions to overcome the disadvantages of this potential peptide and thereby support further in-depth study in the drug discovery field.

Keywords: Mastoparan C, antimicrobial peptide, biological activity, structure-activity relationships.
Coordinated and interdepartmental processing of image-guided core needle biopsies improves recovery of diagnostic material for molecular testing
Authors: Mojica Wilfrido , Yergeau Donald , Mahajan Supriya , Shenoy Sadahiv
Published: March 2023

Core needle biopsies (CNBs) are the current standard by which tissue is procured by minimally invasive means for diagnostic purposes. However, their diminutive nature often creates an imbalance between the amount of tissue available for morphologic examination and the growing number of tests being requested to be performed from them. An under-recognized by-product of this procedure may alleviate some of these supply issues, but requires a cooperative effort from personnel in interventional radiology and pathology to bring to fruition. We describe the theory, practice, and results of how to maximize the amount of diagnostic material that is available and coming from CNB’s for these growing number of tests. This coordinated approach will maintain the value of the CNB in the growing and competitive arena of minimally invasive assay development.
Management of In-stent Restenosis
Authors: Chhabra Shibba , Majella J. Cecily Mary
Published: March 2023

Despite recent improvements in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), in-stent restenosis (ISR) — which accounts for 5–10% of all PCI procedures in contemporary clinical practice remains a substantial problem and the most frequent reason for stent failure. While the absolute number of ISR-PCI operations performed in contemporary practice has increased as a result of rising procedural volume and complexity, the relative rate of ISR has decreased with newer-generation drug eluting stents (DESs) in comparison to the bare metal stent (BMS) period. While BMS ISR is usually early and characterized by neointimal hyperplasia, DES ISR tends to be late with neoatherosclerosis as a characteristic feature. According to recent research, drug-coated balloons or DESs are the most effective therapy options for the majority of ISR cases. Future ISR interventional paradigms may be influenced by intravascular imaging (IVI) ISR tissue patterns. IVI can provide useful information to guide treatment options in ISR-PCI.
Low back pain: Prevalence and functional impairment among the general population in Tabuk city, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Waly Feras J. , Albalawi Amal S. , Alatawi Abdulrahman A. , Albalawi Nujud A. , Alwakeel Abdulaziz A. A. , Alsubhi Samaher S. , Alqasmi Dana M.
Published: March 2023

Objectives:

Low back pain (LBP) is a main cause of disability worldwide and can negatively affect the individual’s life and work quality. This research aimed to estimate the prevalence of chronic non-specific LBP among the general population of Tabuk city, Saudi Arabia, and to evaluate its related risk factors and functional impairment.

Methods:

A cross-sectional survey study was performed through a web-based and structured questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic data and risk factors. We used the Modified Oswestry LBP Disability Questionnaire (Arabic version) to measure the disability index among the study participants. The invitation to participate in the questionnaire was posted on different social media platforms.

Results:

LBP was found in 46% of the participants (n = 768), and it was significantly associated with multiple risk factors, including age group ≥30 years old (P = 0.002), obesity (P = 0.002), smoking (P = 0.004), having comorbidities, particularly anemia, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperthyroidism (P < 0.001), and positive history of psychological problems (P = 0.039). Regular practice of physical activities had a significant protective effect (P = 0.032). The Oswestry Disability Index reported minimal disability among participants who had LBP.

Conclusion:

The study detected a relatively high prevalence of LBP in Tabuk (46.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 42.7–49.8%) and identified several significant risk factors, including age ≥30 years, body mass index ≥25 kg/m2, smoking, and presence of comorbidities and psychological factors. Regular exercise was a protective factor against chronic LBP. The Oswestry Disability Index showed minimal disability and functional impairment.