bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multivariate Analysis and Contamination Studies of Elemental Profile in Ife/Ijesa Goldmine Tailings, Southwestern, Nigeria
Authors: Fatoye Abiodun O. , Adebayo Albert O. , Tomori Wasiu B.
Published: January 2019

The concentration of metals in the tailings of Ife/Ijesa goldmine, Nigeria was identified by using Proton Induced X-Ray Emission spectrometry as the main analytical tools. A total of 75 samples of the tailings were collected. Correlation, principal component and cluster analyses suggested probable natural and anthropogenic sources of the metals in the tailings. The contamination level of heavy metals was assessed on the basis of geo-accumulation index (), and ecological risk. The analysis of revealed moderately-heavily to heavily extremely contaminated. The value of showed a low level of heavy metals except Cu which shows considerable contamination.
Listening to Improvisation
Authors: Canonne Cl
Published: January 2019

Is there something peculiar in our appreciation of improvised music? How does knowing that the music we are listening to is improvised affect our experience? As a first step in answering these questions, I have conducted an experiment in which an audio recording of the very same piece of music – a saxophone/clarinet freely improvised duet – was presented to 16 listeners, either as an improvisation ("IMPRO" condition), or as the live performance of a composition for saxophone and clarinet ("COMPO" condition). Listeners were encouraged both to reflect on their listening experience and to describe in their own words the music they heard. First, evaluative judgments were strongly different in the two listening conditions: listeners approached the piece with specific sets of values in mind, by relying on different features or different kinds of criteria (aesthetic ones in the COMPO condition vs ethical ones in the IMPRO condition) to ground their appreciative judgments. Second, and maybe more importantly, listening experiences were quite different in the two conditions: in the COMPO condition, the piece was more commonly experienced as a sonic product, with listeners paying great attention to the various acoustical effects achieved by the musicians and to the overall structure (or lack thereof); in the IMPRO condition, the music was often described as a kind of communicational or relational process, with descriptions that largely interweaved music-specific terms and more broadly social terms. Overall, this experiment shows that our listening experience can be dramatically affected by modal considerations, i.e., by how we think the music was produced. More specifically, it sheds some light on what constitutes the core of the aesthetic experience of improvisation by exhibiting what is centrally at play (and what is not) when we listen to collectively improvised music.
Commentary on Microtonal Analysis of "Blue Notes" and the Blues Scale by Court B. Cutting
Authors: H Tilo
Published: January 2019

This commentary discusses the target paper Microtonal Analysis of "Blue Notes" and the Blues Scale by Court B. Cutting. Overall, the paper is an interesting and very valuable attempt to shed light on the intonation practice of blue notes in traditional blues music, using an empirical approach which is based in modern acoustic measurements. While the approach and empirical results presented in the target paper undoubtedly have their merits, the paper nonetheless raises some methodological and conceptual questions, leading to some further thoughts that are discussed in this commentary. The issues raised in this commentary might serve as guidance for future empirical investigations into the nature and usage of blue notes.
Editor's Note
Authors: M Daniel , Shanahan Daniel
Published: January 2019

No abstract available.
Do Humano aos Pixels: o apelo sexual nas propagandas de videogames
Authors: Loures José Antônio
Published: January 2019

O artigo apresenta, analisa e discute propagandas de apelo sexual para videogames. O corpo é transformado em mercadoria e também usado para atrair o público, e isso também se aplica ao universo dos videogames. Nesse texto estão propagandas de épocas e plataformas diferentes, assim como o seu público alvo. Foram utilizadas as categorias estabelecidas por Tom Reitcher para as análises, que são:  exibição do corpo, comportamento sexual, fatores contextuais e referências sexuais. Por fim, o trabalho apresenta uma visão geral de como ao decorrer das décadas a publicidade nos videogames representavam o corpo feminino e masculino.
Managing Glaucoma beyond Intraocular Pressure
Authors: Fischer Justus , Mozaffarieh Maneli
Published: January 2019

Glaucoma is a major cause of vision loss worldwide with nearly 8 million people bilaterally blind from the disease. This number is estimated to increase over the next years. The key to preventing blindness from glaucoma is effective diagnosis and treatment. The classical glaucoma treatment focuses on IOP reduction. Increased IOP is indeed an undisputable risk factor for the development and progression of Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy (GON). But there is mounting evidence in literature that other risk factors are involved as well. These additional factors may by themselves lead to GON or they may render the eye more sensitive to IOP. Among the most often described factors are: Flammer-syndrome, low blood pressure, increased retinal venous pressure, oxidative stress. Better knowledge of the pathogenesis has opened up additional therapeutical approaches often called non-IOP lowering treatment. Whilst most of these new avenues of treatment are still in the experimental phase, others are already used by some physicians. Non-IOP lowering treatment includes improvements of ocular blood flow, particularly blood flow regulation. This can be achieved by improving the regulation of ocular blood flow (improving auto regulation) by drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, magnesium or calcium channel blockers. These drugs also in part decrease increased retinal venous pressure in the eyes of patients. Increased retinal venous pressure decreases perfusion pressure in the patients’ eyes and thus increases the risk of glaucomatous progression. The patients’ blood pressure also needs to be monitored carefully as low blood pressure, particularly nocturnal over dips or blood pressure fluctuations, increase the risk of further damage. Blood pressure can be increased by an increase in salt intake or in rare cases by treatment with fludrocortisone. Reduction of oxidative stress, especially at the level of mitochondria, also seems to be protective. This can be achieved by gingko or foods rich in polyphenolic flavonoids.This review describes the individual mechanisms which may be targeted by non-IOP lowering treatment.
Low Molecular Weight Components in Aqueous Echinacea Purpurea Leaf Extract Inhibit Melanoma Cell Growth
Authors: C Yin Ariel , H Goldberg Karina , Mupparapu Archana , P Retzbach Edward , Yin Kingsley , F Yang Catherine , Goldberg Gary S
Published: January 2019

Melanoma is a skin cancer associated with high mortality. The three year survival rate from advanced melanoma is between 10-15%. One reason for this high mortality rate is that melanoma cells are resistant to traditional chemotherapeutics. Echinacea is a plant genus native to North America with putative anticancer properties. Here, we examined effects of aqueous Echinacea purpurea leaf extract on the growth of melanoma cells and nontransformed fibroblasts. This aqueous extract reduced B16 mouse melanoma cell growth at concentrations that did not inhibit the growth of nontransformed NIH3T3 fibroblasts, suggesting that the extract had biological specificity against transformed cells. We also examined the effect of different fractions of the extract on melanoma cell growth. These data indicate that components less than 3 kD in size exhibited the greatest inhibitory action on melanoma cell growth. In addition, these data indicated that larger components in the extract ameliorate the ability of these low molecular weight compounds to inhibit melanoma cell growth. Furthermore, Echinacea extract inhibited the growth of v-Src transformed LA25 cells without reducing Src kinase activity. Taken together, these results suggest that aqueous Echinacea purpurea extract contains low molecular weight compounds that preferentially inhibit tumor cell growth in the face of oncogenic tyrosine kinase activity. These data suggest future studies to better define bioactive compounds in Echinacea purpurea and evaluate their therapeutic efficacy in vivo.
Urological Disturbances in Children with Cerebral Palsy : Short Review
Authors: Tavares Marcelo De Sousa
Published: January 2019

Background: Cerebral palsy is the most common motor disability in childhood. Among the comorbidities associated with this condition are lower urinary tract symptoms and urinary tract infections. Objective: The present review is aimed to the general pediatrician to adequate fulfill his/her needs regarding a proper understanding of the urinary tract functioning of children with cerebral palsy and which urodynamical findings are expected. Conclusion: lower urinary tract dysfunction is associated with cerebral palsy and should be promptly recognized. Non-invasive methods, such as ultrasonography and uroflowmetry do not correlate with clinical complaints in these patients. Children with detrusor-sphincter dyssinergia are more prone to upper urinary tract deterioration in adulthood when not recognized and properly treated. The main objective of adequate treatment of these patients is to reduce morbidity and to improve quality of life of them as well as their families.
Problems with the Use of Aromatase Inhibitors in Breast Cancer
Authors: Stark James J
Published: January 2019

The use of Aromatase Inhibitors (AI’s) in the adjuvant therapy of operable breast cancer is ubiquitous. All guidelines in widespread use advocate their use in hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer in post-menopausal women. Premenopausal hormone-receptor-positive women who are considered at high risk of relapse are also treated with drug- or surgically-induced ovarian suppression plus an AI following chemotherapy, producing somewhat better results than those seen with chemo followed by tamoxifen [1]. A major side effect of these drugs is the accelerated loss of bone mineral density (BMD). The use of bone-sparing agents such as bisphosphonates has become widespread but not routine in these patients. Whether or not they receive bone-sparing agents, patients on AI’s should receive periodic assessment of bone density. How do doctors comply with this common-sense approach? The answer: not as often as they should. The best data on this practice was published in the Journal of Oncology Practice in May 2017 from a group of investigators at Yale [2]. Using the SEER Medicare database they identified over 135,000 women diagnosed with breast cancer from 2007 to 2010. Using robust exclusion criteria for such things as metastasis at presentation, too brief exposure to bisphosphonates, in situ only cancer, and prior diagnosis of osteoporosis, they identified 2409 women who met all entry criteria and served as the population studied. Within this group only 51% received a DEXA scan at initiation of AI and only 34% had a second scan within three years of being on therapy. What the authors were not able to ascertain was how many of these patients were placed on a prophylactic bisphosphonate or equivalent at the start of AI therapy. What was clear is that age and race had a lot to do with who received a DEXA scan. 30% of women over 85 vs. 56% ages 67-69 were scanned. 53% of causasian women were scanned vs. 33% non-caucasian. Wonen with higher stage and more comorbidities were also less likely to have been scanned.
Cutting Edge of Herbal Drugs over Allopathic Drugs in Clinical Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Ashwlayan Dr. Vrish Dhwaj , Nimesh Saurabh
Published: January 2019

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory and systemic auto immune disease, affecting people predominantly between the ages of 20-60 years with unpredictable course. About 1% of the world's population is afflicted by rheumatoid arthritis and is two to three times more common in women than men. This is a long lasting disease that can affect joints in any part of the body, most commonly the hands, wrists, and knees. Popularity of medicinal plants is increasing day by day due to side effects of allopathic medicines. Herbal medicinal plants have been used as major sources of cure of human diseases since time immemorial. Today, one fourth of world population depends on traditional medicine and 80% of the population relies on indigenous herbal medicinal plants. Even today most of the people lives in different developing countries depend on the plant derived medicines for the first line of primary health care because of least or no side effects.
Effect of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Irradiated Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Kawata Yumiko , Ikami Eiji , Nojima Junya , Kokabu Shoichiro , Yoda Tetsuya , Sato Tsuyoshi
Published: January 2019

Adipose-derived Mesenchymal stem cells have emerged as an attractive alternative source of cell therapy. While radiation therapy is an important application for head and neck cancer, the effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on irradiated bone marrow-derived Mesenchymal stem cells is still unclear. Herein, we explored how clinical total radiation dose affect gene expression related with differentiation on murine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and how murine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells affect irradiated murine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. The clinical total radiation dose upregulates osterix mRNA expression. Moreover, adiposederived mesenchymal stem cells dramatically promoted the upregulation of osterix mRNA expression whereas inhibited NFATc1 mRNA expression. Taken as a whole, irradiated bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells co-cultured with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells may exhibit osteogenic property.
Correlation between Sex Hormone Deficiency and Osteoarthritis
Authors: Macedo Alex , Santos Gabriel Silva , Lana José Fábio , Castro Renato Bevilacqua de , Ingrao Icaro Lanzoni Gallo , Huber Stephany Cares , Filho Saulo Cardoso , Vieira Inácio Facó Ventura , Murrell William
Published: January 2019

This literature review explores recent and past investigations carried out by researchers in various settings pertaining to the orthopaedic field of medicine, in attempts to show a possible connection between the deficit in sex hormone levels and the potential consequences it brings about on orthopaedic health, namely, osteoarthritis. There is some evidence in the literature suggesting that suboptimal concentrations of steroid hormones can negatively impact bone health, making it more susceptible to physical injury, especially when the hormone in question is estrogen. Several studies have shown that this biomolecule is quite essential to human health due to its effects on not only sexual development and function but also on bone metabolism, in both men and women. Investigations revolving around estrogenic compounds reveal their significance in physical capacitation of adult individuals, since it has already been found that estrogens play a pivotal role on bone maintenance by directly interacting with osteocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and even T-cells, to name a few examples. Large scale studies also bring up plausible evidence by evaluating the links between measured sex steroid concentrations and incidence of osteoarthritic joint replacement in adults. Taking that into consideration, there is sufficient motivation to look into hormonal fluctuation in adult individuals, calling for suitable medical intervention in order to keep a patient’s health under control, avoiding and even treating the detrimental effects caused by the deficiency of certain steroid hormones.
Treatment of Resistant and High-Risk Humeral Non-union Cases with rhBMP7
Authors: El Rifaï Sébastien , Loisel François , Obert Laurent , Lepage Daniel
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Non-union of the humeral shaft is a rare condition. In these patients, more stable fixation with or without autograft results in nearly 95% union rate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate bone union following use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-7 (rhBMP7) for treating humeral non-union.Material and methods: This was a prospective study of resistant non-union cases treated by repeated fixation and addition of rhBMP7. The case series consisted of 16 patients with an average age of 53.8 years (24-71). Patients presented with non-union of the humeral shaft and had experienced at least one failed attempt at surgical repair. Osigraft® (rhBMP7) was added to the non-union site after decortication, medullary canal reaming and fixation with one or two plates. The average time elapsed between the initial fracture and the second revision was 31 months (5-103). The patients had undergone an average of 2.3 procedures (1-6).Results: All patients were reviewed after at least 24 months of follow-up. No neurological complications were reported. One failure occurred in a non-compliant patient with septic non-union who had undergone four previous procedures. The other patients experienced bone union after an average of 12.4 months (6-14), with no further procedures required. The patients were able to return to their normal daily activities.Conclusion: Failure of the initial fracture treatment (unstable fixation, postoperative bone defect) is the primary cause of non-union. Although autograft is the gold standard treatment for non-union cases, the course of action to take if this primary strategy fails has not been defined. During secondary use (due to failed autograft procedure) and when there is no requirement for a structural graft (humerus can be shortened), providing stable fixation and adding a growth factor leads to bone union even in a septic environment.
Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates from Olefin Oxides and Carbon Dioxide. Part 2. Catalysis by Porphyrin Complexes of Metals
Authors: Sulimov A. V. , Ovcharova A. V. , Sulimova Yu. K.
Published: January 2019

The review paper deals with catalytic systems based on porphyrin complexes of metals used for stimulation of reactions of olefins and carbon dioxide. It is shown that these porlhyrin complexes may behave as effective catalysts for carboxylation of epoxides. Specific features of catalysis of the interaction between oxiranes and carbon dioxide in the presence of homogeneous and heterogenized porphyrin complexes of metals, including those comprising various promoters, are considered.
Immobilized Enzymes of the Class of Oxidoreductases in Technological Processes: Review
Authors: Tikhonov B. B. , Sulman E. M. , Stadol’nikova P. Yu. , Sulman A. M. , Golikova E. P. , Sidorov A. I. , Matveeva V. G.
Published: January 2019

In the review paper, main application areas and technological potentialities of immobilized oxidoreductase enzymes are analyzed. The structure and mechanisms of catalytic action of most important enzymes of the oxidoreductase class are described; main factors affecting the enzyme behavior, procedures for their immobilization, and examples of effective applications of immobilized oxidoreductases in technological processes are discussed. Main trends in R&D in the field are analyzed.
Learning and the Formation of Historical Consciousness – a Dialogue with Brazilian Curricular proposals
Authors: Schmidt Maria Auxiliadora
Published: January 2019

This is a report of research about the development of concepts of historical learning in Brazil from 1917 until 2006, but especially in the period 1931 to 2006. The aim of this investigation is to examine the learning concepts which have been behind the structure of the Brazilian curricular
proposals across a long period of time, indeed from the Francisco de Campos (1931) reforms until the present curricular proposals. The outline proposed in this work includes an analysis of curricular documents from the National History Curricular Parameters for elementary and high schools
(1997; 1998). The methodology adopted is a combination of qualitative investigation through case studies as well as documentary and bibliographic investigation. Some studies which had been undertaken to appraise the curriculum and school subjects as socially constructed (Goodson, 1997) were
used as models to guide the critique. The curriculum can be seen as a visible text within the concept of the 'disciplinary code of history' (Fernandez Cuesta, 1997; 1998). Initial results indicate the predominance of the concept of historical learning as a set of competences based on educational
psychology, rather than on the proper (formal, orthodox) science of history (Lee 2003; 2006).
Teaching the history of Catalonia: past, present and 'futures'
Authors: Fernández Antoni Santisteban
Published: January 2019

The history which is taught in Catalan schools is not on the margin of the political, economic and social situation which is being shared by those living in Catalonia. There is an on-going debate about citizenship between the Catalans and the Spanish, which has had a major impact in
the media, and has had repercussions for the future of Catalonia within the Spanish state. Teaching the history of Catalonia and Spain is an issue that has a strong resonance within this debate. The problem is not new and has deep historical roots. It has re-emerged, on the one hand, because
of the attitude of the state government, which represents the most centralist Spanish nationalism. Moreover, the current economic situation has made the latent problem even more urgent. However, the debate has also served to mask other important problems.
A game of Identities: debates over history in Greek Cypriot education
Authors: Perikleous Lukas N.
Published: January 2019

This paper discusses the ways in which a battle which lasted over a century between the Hellenocentric and Cyprocentric approaches in Greek Cypriot education manifested itself in debates over history education during the 20th and the 21st century. These were mostly
about the version of the past that should be taught to students. The debates over the selection of the story to be taught were essentially disputes over the identity that should be promoted through history education. On one hand the supporters of a Hellenocentric orientation argued in favor
of promoting a Greek national identity, while the supporters of a Cyprocentric orientation supported the idea of promoting a Cypriot civic identity common for Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots. The dominance of the Hellenocentric approach during the 20th century is being challenged
by the Cyprocentric one at the beginning of the new millennium. At the same time a new disciplinary approach in history education has emerged. Although at the moment this is wrongly associated by many with the Cyprocentric one, it is essentially radically different from both traditional approaches.
Although during the last 4 years history education has not been at the centre of attention, political agendas and the current implementation of the New Curriculum 2010 for history education can produce new debates.
¿Debe Colombia replantear el tratamiento legal a la reticencia e inexactitud en la declaración del riesgo en materia de seguros? Panorama comparado de este problema frente a las legislaciones española, francesa, y suiza
Authors: Ariza Vesga Rafael Alberto , Calvo Eloy
Published: January 2019

La reciente jurisprudencia colombiana ha incorporado una visión de la reticencia que comprende elementos no contemplados en la legislación sobre la materia. Estos pronunciamientos deben llamar a reflexión. ¿Acaso la legislación mercantil colombiana requiere una modificación que dé cuenta de una nueva realidad? Se propone abordar este problema, realizando un análisis comparativo frente a legislaciones internacionales que han sido referente en esta materia, procurando brindar elementos de análisis útiles para su solución.
La cesión de créditos en los proyectos de armonización y unificación del derecho de los contratos
Authors: Camacho López María Elisa
Published: January 2019

Dentro de los aspectos favorables de la armonización y unificación del derecho, en especial en materia contractual, está la modernización de algunas figuras que a veces quedan anquilosadas en sus respectivos ordenamientos. Por tal razón con esta investigación pretendemos analizar el tratamiento que se le ha dado a la cesión de créditos en algunos proyectos de armonización y unificación del derecho, con el fin de identificar aquellos aspectos conservados de la regulación tradicional de la figura, como también los principales cambios introducidos.
El seguro de accidentes personales en Colombia
Authors: Robledo Vallejo Laura , Gaona Corredor Tatiana
Published: January 2019

El seguro de accidentes personales ha tenido un desarrollo comercial significativo en el mercado colombiano, el cual no se ha visto respaldado por equivalentes progresos normativos. Por lo anterior, existen en la actualidad ciertas dudas sobre las reglas que deben aplicarse a este tipo de seguro, precisamente, porque no hay certeza sobre su propia naturaleza. Este artículo pretende abordar estas dudas, para lo cual propone revisar la definición del seguro de accidentes personales, aclarar en dónde debe ubicarse conceptualmente este seguro (entre dos extremos: los seguros de personas y los seguros de daños), estudiar cuáles son las implicaciones que se derivan de esa ubicación conceptual, y finalmente, revisar la forma de su comercialización y cuál ha sido su importancia para el mercado asegurador colombiano.
County of Residence and Screening Practices among Latinas and Non-Latina Whites in Two Rural Communities
Authors: Duggan Catherine , Molina Yamile , Carosso Elizabeth , Ibarra Genoveva , Thompson Beti
Published: January 2019

Objectives: Latinas are less likely than non-Latina Whites (NLW) to utilize mam­mographic screening and are more likely to be diagnosed with late-stage breast cancer. Here, we examine the effects of county-level factors on guideline-concordant breast-cancer screening behaviors in Latinas and NLWs.Design: Latinas (N=108) and NLW women (N=132) aged >40 years, residing in two adjacent rural, medically underserved coun­ties in eastern Washington State, completed a baseline questionnaire on mammography utilization and demographics.Main Outcomes: Differences in socioeco­nomic variables and knowledge of screening practices were examined by ethnicity and county of residence. Predictors of having had a mammogram within the past two years were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression.Results: Ethnicity was not associated with having a guideline-concordant mammo­gram; however, age (odds ratio [OR]=1.04, 95%CI:1.01-1.08); having >12 years of education (OR=2.09, 95%CI:1.16-3.79); having a regular clinic for health care (OR=2.22, 95%CI:1.05-4.70); having had a prior clinical breast exam (OR=5.07, 95%CI:1.71-15.02), and county of resi­dence (OR=2.27, 95%CI:1.18-4.37) were all associated with having had a guideline-concordant mammogram.Conclusions: County of residence and hav­ing had a prior CBE were strong predictors of screening utilization. Community-level factors in medically underserved areas may influence screening patterns.Ethn Dis. 2019;29(1):31-38; doi:10.18865/ ed.29.1.31.
Fungsi Likehood Pada Data Tersensor Interval Univariat
Authors: Tresnawanti Dini , Fatekurohman Mohamad , Hadi Alfian Futuhul
Published: January 2019

Analisis survival adalah metode statistika yang digunakan dalam mempelajari ketahanan hidup yang berhubungan dengan waktu, mulai waktu awal yang sudah ditentukan dalam penelitian sampai waktu akhir penelitian, namun ada beberapa kendala untuk mengestimasi fungsi tersebut yakni adanya data tersensor. Untuk mengestimasi fungsi dengan masalah demikian digunakan metode nonparametrik maksimum likelihood estimator dengan data tersensor interval univariat yakni data pasien kanker payudara di Rumah Sakit Baladhika Husada (DKT) berupa data interval l i =( Li , Ri ) dengan i adalah banyaknya pasien kanker Payudara serta. Pada metode NPMLE sesuai dengan usulan Turnbull perlu dicari terlebih dahulu bagaimana bentuk fungsi likelihood. Dalam mencari fungsi likelihood dengan data univariat, dilakukan pendekatan representasi petrie untuk menghasilkan matriks Clique sebagai matriks indikator (αij ) . Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa fungsi non linear dengan derajat paling besar yaitu berderajat 5. Kata Kunci: survival, nonparametrik, likelihood, matriks Clique,Turnbull.
AN ANALYSIS OF CALCULATION FACTORS IN BASUKI RAHMAT ROAD, KALIWATES DISTRICT, JEMBER REGENCY
Authors: Pramesty Dinda Ayu , Apriyanto Bejo , Nurdin Elan Artono
Published: January 2019

Congestion is the obstruction of traffic flow which is one of the problems in developing countries. The main factor that causes congestion is the rapid population growth and lifestyle of the population. This observation aims to determine the factors that have caused congestion on Basuki Rahmat Street, Kaliwates District, Jember Regency. Our data is obtained directly by using descriptive survey methods, which are supported by observation, documentation and description analysis techniques. The results of this observation show that rapid population growth and the lifestyle of the population who prefer to use private transportation have a significant influence on the congestion that occurs on Basuki Rahmat Street, Kaliwates District, Jember Regency. According to the data we obtain from population growth and the lifestyle of the population, there needs to be self-awareness from the users of private transportation and the need for government support or attention to society and the environment.
O estrangeiro aprendera a falar a língua do imperador... A lógica do traçado
Authors: Machado Rosilene Beatriz , Flores Cláudia Regina
Published: January 2019

Este artigo intenta analisar como saberes em desenho e matemática são mobilizados em tratados militares, especificamente, nas obras: Tratado sobre a Fortificação de Cidades, Fortalezas e Vilas (1527), escrito por Albrecht Dürer; Methodo Lusitanico de Desenho de Fortificaçoens das Praças Regulares e Irregulares (1680), de autoria de Luís Serrão Pimentel; e O Engenheiro Portuguez: dividido em dous tratados (1728), de autoria de Manoel de Azevedo Fortes. Isso porque, dando a ver e falar determinado discurso, esses textos funcionam como dispositivos de enunciação que contribuíram à constituição e difusão do desenho e da matemática enquanto saberes a ensinar. O que implica, ademais, um alargamento da compreensão de que esses saberes não devem ser desvinculados de práticas sociais; que foram essas práticas que elegeram seus conteúdos como objeto de ensino; e que foram esses conteúdos, posteriormente, que compuseram os currículos escolares.
The Profile of Scientific Literacy Skill Student at SMA Batik 2 Surakarta
Authors: Ridho Shofwan , Aminah Nonoh Siti , Supriyanto Agus
Published: January 2019

Some research showed that many teachers have literacy skills but they have not used them in the classroom yet.This research aims to describe science literacy competence of SMA Batik 2 Surakarta students and teacher. The research uses qualitative descriptive method. The study was conducted at SMA Batik 2 Surakarta with tenth grade science class students as the subjects. There were 88 students as and 2 teacher  the subjects. The samples selected by using total sampling technique. The research instrument used in this study is science literacy test adapted from PISA (Programme for International Student Assesment). The data analysis technique used is percentage. The result of this study shows that 57,41% student mastered the science literacy competence, the student completed in science literacy competence included in the middle level this research. The interviews with teachers and students show that the use of science literacy in the classroom is still low.This research is complementary the study of the importance of teacher ability analysis in the use of scientific literacy skill in the classroom
The Development of Knowledge Enrichment Books Concerning Ice and Snow Physical Studies for High-School Students
Authors: Maulana Slamet , Desnita Desnita , Raihanati Raihanati
Published: January 2019

This research aims to develop a knowledge-enrichment physics book of ice and snow that is worthy of use as an enrichment material on physics subject. This research is a research and development with an ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model. The developed book referred from the Central of Curriculum and Book guideline so that the developed book can be recommended as enrichment material for high-school students. The developed book uses communicative language, attractive illustrations, and information concerning ice and snow with updated science knowledge. The result by physics expert on the developed enrichment book is 94.12% with a category "very good," media expert 87.50% with a category "very good," and with the same category is also given by education expert who gave a score 92.04%. The result of the product trial test shows that students accept the developed enrichment books with "very good," which represent an average score of 90.06%. Based on the validation and product trials test, it concluded that the enrichment book titled â€œIce and Snowâ€ are worthy to be used as enrichment materials on physics.
The Development of Thermal Expansion Practicum Sets to Improve Science Process Skills of High-School Students
Authors: Solihan Solihan , Astra I Made , Budi Esmar
Published: January 2019

This study aims to develop thermal length expansion practicum sets that are expected to improve high-school science process skills (SPS) in expansion material on metal rods. This research was conducted at SMAN 2 Bekasi in class XI by comparing the control and the experimental class. This study uses the ADDIE approach to analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate the thermal expansion length practicum sets. The feasibility test of this practicum sets was carried out in two ways: conducting experiments and validating tests from experts. The experimental results for the linear expansion coefficient of an iron bar are 3.09%, the brass is 5.81%, and the aluminum is 7.39% from the reference value. All of the experimental data still below the error acceptance level which is below 10%. The validation results give 85.5% from media experts and 86.1% from material experts. The trials on users obtained 93.9% of teachers and 85.4% of students. The N-gain in control and experiment class then compared to see the increase in SPS in each category. There was an increase in the experimental class SPS value 7.3% higher than the control class, where the SPS value in the experimental class increased by 47.8%. Therefore, it can conclude that the thermal expansion practicum sets is feasible to use and can improve the science process skills of high school students.
The Understanding of Pre-Service Physics Teachers on Electric Circuit Concept
Authors: Anita Anita , Assagaf Sy. Lukman Hakim , Boisandi Boisandi
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this research was to find out the descriptive of pre-service physics teachers understanding of the concept of electrical circuits, especially in the characteristic of series circuits and parallel circuits. The method used in this research was a descriptive method. The sample of this research was the fourth-grade students who took Basic Electronics course. The primary data of this research collected from the studentsâ€™ test consisted of 12 multiple choices. Data analysis concluded that the studentâ€™s understanding of the concept of the electric circuit was low, with an average percentage of total indicators of 84.4%.
Regional Development in the Age of Big Data
Authors: Jankó József , Szabó György
Published: January 2019

Our paper presents a forward looking analytical approach to the territorial development in a region ofthe Transylvanian Plain situated in the vicinity of Cluj-Napoca, Romania. We outlined the development ofthis region with the means of landscape architecture supported by a comparable assessment. In the ageof Big Data we settled at creative usage of traditional analysis. We extracted yet undetected informationfrom a limited amount of available as yet loosely related data. The key feature of the employed model isthe ontological traceability of cause and effect. Although technology is available to collect enormous data,expert knowledge gained by education and professional practice cannot be overlooked. We demonstratethat this method of location based analysis is capable of delivering value added to established principlesof spatial planning in the age of trustworthy, large volume, heterogeneous data.
Spatial distribution of vegetation cover in Erbil city districts using high-resolution Pléiades satellite image
Authors: Hussein Shwan O. , Kovács Ferenc , Tobak Zalán , Abdullah Haidi J.
Published: January 2019

Green spaces are playing an essential role for ecological balance and for human health in the city as well.They play a fundamental role in providing opportunities for relaxation and enjoying the beauty of naturefor the urban population. Therefore, it is important to produce detailed vegetation maps to assist plannersin designing strategies for the optimisation of urban ecosystem services and to provide a suitable planfor climate change adaptation in one fast growing city. Hence, this research is an investigation using 0.5m high-resolution multispectral Pléiades data integrated with GIS data and techniques to detect andevaluate the spatial distribution of vegetation cover in Erbil City. A supervised classification was usedto classify different land cover types, and a normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) was usedto retrieve it for the city districts. Moreover, to evaluate the accessibility of green space based on theirdistance and size, a buffer zone criterion was used. The results indicate that the built-up land coverageis 69% and vegetation land cover is 14%. Regarding NDVI results, the spatial distribution of vegetationcover was various and, in general, the lowest NDVI values were found in the districts located in the citycentre. On the other hand, the spatial distribution of vegetation land cover regarding the city districts wasnon-equal and non-concentric. The newly built districts and the districts far from the Central BusinessDistrict (CBD) recorded the lowest vegetation cover compared with the older constructed districts.Furthermore, most of the districts have a lack of access to green spaces based on their distance and size.Distance and accessibility of green areas throughout the city are not equally distributed. The majority ofthe city districts have access to green areas within radius buffer of two kilometres, whereas the lowestaccessibility observed for those districts located in the northeast of the city in particular (Xanzad,Brayate, Setaqan and Raperin). Our study is one of the first investigations of decision-making supportof the spatial planning in a fast-growing city in Iraq and will have a utilitarian impact on developmentprocesses and local and regional planning for Erbil City in the future.
Soybean Yield Increases When Maize Is Included in the Cropping System
Authors: Mazzilli Sebastián R. , Ernst Oswaldo R.
Published: January 2019

Core Ideas

Soybean yield with maize as previous crop was ≈10% higher than the average yield.

Soybean yield with soybean as previous crop was ≈4% lower than the average yield.

Monoculture is explained as producers not valued this impact in short term decisions.

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] monoculture is the dominant cropping system in the Rio de la Plata region. Despite the benefits of crop rotation, monoculture systems are an actual problem in many soybean and maize (Zea mays L.) production areas worldwide. Soybean monocultures are especially problematic because of their negative impact on soil quality. Regionally, there are only a few reports about soybean monocultures and yield improvement when maize is included in the rotation. We used a producer's database (849 records from 2009 to 2013) to evaluate the effect of maize–soybean rotation on soybean yields. Four frequent annual previous crop sequences where identified: winter fallow–maize, winter crop–maize, winter fallow–soybean, and winter crop–soybean. As all of them are unequally represented, a new database was generated using a bootstrap resampling with 1000 replicates. Each interaction was economically analyzed, generating a variable called the differential gross product (difference in gross product, in US$ ha–1, with respect to the gross product average). Results indicate that crop rotation with maize has an agronomic and economic advantage. Soybean yield was ≈12% higher than the average when winter crop–maize was the previous crop, whereas it was ≈5% lower than the average when the previous crop was winter crop–soybean. Soybean following maize resulted in a gain in gross product of ≈125 US$ ha–1. However, the relationship between areas of soybean and maize indicates local producers fail to profitably grow maize or are inadequately assessing the impact of its inclusion into the production system.
An Improved Method for Quantifying Soil Aggregate Stability
Authors: Gyawali Ayush J. , Stewart Ryan D.
Published: January 2019

Core Ideas

We propose a metric that integrates aggregate stability measured using laser diffraction across size classes.

The indicator accounts for underlying particle‐size differences and can differentiate micro‐ and macroscale aggregates.

This integrated indicator shows high correlation with traditional wet sieving methods (R2 ≥ 0.5).

By quantifying the percentage of aggregated particles, the metric can be used to compare different soils.

Soil aggregate stability influences many biophysical and agronomic processes while acting as a key soil health indicator, yet current quantification methods suffer shortcomings including lack of repeatability, inadequate control over input energy, and inaccuracies in coarse‐textured soils or those with multi‐modal size distributions. In response, we propose a new method deemed integrated aggregate stability (IAS) to interpret aggregate stability using a laser diffraction (LD) machine. This method corrects for underlying particle‐size distributions and provides a comprehensive metric of aggregate stability. As verification, we presented repeatability tests that demonstrate the precision of the IAS method, and then compared IAS measurements to wet sieving results for three different soils. Overall, IAS showed higher correlation with the wet sieving method (R2 = 0.49 to 0.59) than the median aggregate size (d50), which represents the most common current method for quantifying aggregate stability (R2 = 0.09 to 0.27). Further, IAS can estimate the proportions of macro (>0.25 mm) and micro (<0.25 mm) aggregates, and thereby quantify shifts between those fractions under different applied energy levels. As an example, we compared IAS estimates of macro‐ and micro‐aggregates from three different soils that because of differences in texture and previous land use showed varying levels of aggregation. While d50 identified some of the between‐site differences in macro‐aggregation, only IAS was able to consistently detect and quantify micro‐aggregate fractions. Altogether, these results reveal that IAS can convey more consistent and relevant information about aggregate stability compared with traditionally used metrics.
General properties of multiscalar RG Flows in $d=4-\varepsilon$
Authors: Rychkov Slava , Stergiou Andreas
Published: January 2019

Fixed points of scalar field theories with quartic interactions in
d=4-\veps
dimensions are considered in full generality. For such theories it is
known that there exists a scalar function A
of the couplings through which the leading-order beta-function can be
expressed as a gradient. It is here proved that the fixed-point value of
A is bounded from below by a simple expression linear in the dimension of
the vector order parameter, N.
Saturation of the bound requires a marginal deformation, and is shown to
arise when fixed points with the same global symmetry coincide in
coupling space. Several general results about scalar CFTs are discussed,
and a review of known fixed points is given.
Canine parvovirosis: Still an existing problem.
Authors: WÓJCIK ALICJA , WINIARCZYK STANISŁAW , ZIĘTEK JERZY
Published: January 2019

Parvoviral infections of dogs are still a clinical problem throughout the world. This is despite the development of prevention, increased awareness among the owners and increasingly effective treatment protocols due to the extremely high virulence of the virus. Parvovirosis is a disease caused by a virus of the Parvoviridae family in various variants: CPV-2, CPV-2a, CPV-2b and CPV-2c, all of which produce similar clinical signs, including acute hemorrhagic enteritis and myocarditis. It is one of the most important viral pathogens, with extremely high morbidity and mortality. This study is a compendium of current knowledge about parvoviral infections in dogs. It describes their aetiology, pathogenesis and factors predisposing to parvovirosis. Special emphasis is placed on the description of clinical signs and treatment of sick dogs. Various diagnostic methods that are necessary to make the final diagnosis of the disease are described. The recommendations of the WSAVA on prophylactic vaccination are also analyzed.
KANT'IN ETİĞİNDE ÖZERKLİK VE EREK
Authors: GÜNENÇ Saygın
Published: January 2019

Bu makalede Kant etiğindeki ana temalardan “özerklik”
ve “erek” kavramlarını irdeleyeceğim. Kant ahlak teorisini koşulsuz kategorik
imperatif ilkesine dayandırmasına rağmen, erek ve özerklik ideleri aracılığıyla
erekselci bir özgürlük felsefesi geliştirir ve böylece “moralitenin en yüksek
ilkesinin” kendi koyduğu yasalara tabi olan “kişilik” olduğunu göstermeye
çalışır. Ahlak yasasının zemininin doğrudan özgürlük olduğu da göz önüne
alınırsa, kişiliğin özerkliği daha büyük bir anlam kazanır. Ancak Kant böyle
bir teoriden doğan içerimleri de dikkate alır. Ona göre kendilerinde erekler
olan kişiliklerin iyiliği hayata geçirmek amacıyla moral ilişkiler kurduğu bir
toplumu yaratarak ancak, insanlar bir yetkinliğe erişebilirler. Öte yandan bu
iki kavramı çözümlerken Kant'ın etik felsefesine yöneltilen bazı suçlamalara da
yanıt vermeye çalışacağım.
Jejunal Fistula Complicating Ovarian Serous Carcinoma: Case Report of a Rare Phenomenon and Review of the Literature
Authors: Ureyen Isin , Toptas Tayfun , Tatar Sezin Ates , Ekin Gulsum , Gulec Faruk , Uysal Aysel
Published: January 2019

Invasion of the wall of the digestive system by ovarian cancer cells isn’t so rare. On the other hand, fistula formation between the tumor and digestive system is an uncommon status. We described a patient with ovarian serous carcinoma that was fistulized into jejenum and formed a region composed of stool and tumor surrounded and limited by small intestines recognized during surgery. This diagnosis should be kept in mind while preparing a patient for ovarian cancer surgery if the patient has acute abdomen or abdominal pain incompatible with the extent of the tumor.
Oral Rehabilitation of Patients with Ameloblastoma of the Mandible. Clinical Results in Three Patients with Different Bone Reconstruction Techniques
Authors: Raoufi-Danner Shiva , Carl Sterwin , Jahan Abtahi
Published: January 2019

Background:

Ameloblastoma is the second most common odontogenic tumor. It shows a locally aggressive behavior, with a high level of recurrence. Wide resection of the jaw is recommended for treatment of ameloblastoma. However, radical surgery causes an abnormal mandibular movement, facial asymmetry, and masticatory dysfunction.

Methods:

Three cases of different types of ameloblastoma is presented, with different reconstruction techniques including Non-Vascularized Bone Graft (NVBG), Osteocutaneous Fibula Free Flap (OFFF), and Deep Circumflex Iliac Artery flap (DCIA).

Results:

In all three cases the tumor site was successfully reconstructed to obtain very good esthetic results as well as functional oral rehabilitation with implants and fixed prosthetics for optimal masticatory function.

Conclusion:

For reconstruction of the mandible, we prefer bone grafts from the iliac crest. The natural curvature and variable bone height offer a very good reconstruction of the defect.