bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioassay-Guided Fractionation of Melastoma malabathricum Linn. Leaf Solid Phase Extraction Fraction and Its Anticoagulant Activity
Authors: Khoo Li , Abdullah Janna , Abas Faridah , Tohit Eusni , Hamid Muhajir
Published: February 2015

The aims of this study were to examine the bioactive component(s) responsible for the anticoagulant activity of M. malabathricum Linn. leaf hot water crude extract via bioassay-guided fractionation and to evaluate the effect of bioactive component(s) on the intrinsic blood coagulation pathway. The active anticoagulant fraction of F3 was subjected to a series of chromatographic separation and spectroscopic analyses. Furthermore, the effect of the bioactive component(s) on the intrinsic blood coagulation pathway was studied through immediate and time incubation mixing studies. Through Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) assay-guided fractionation, Subfraction B was considered the most potent anticoagulant fraction. Characterisation of Subfraction B indicated that anticoagulant activity could partly be due to the presence of cinnamic acid and a cinnamic acid derivative. APTT assays for both the immediate and time incubation mixing were corrected back into normal clotting time range (35.4–56.3 s). In conclusion, cinnamic acid and cinnamic acid derivative from Subfraction B were the first such compounds to be discovered from M. malabathricum Linn. leaf hot water crude extract that possess anticoagulant activity. This active anticoagulant Subfraction B prolonged blood clotting time by causing factor(s) deficiency in the intrinsic blood coagulation pathway.
Immunological Features of the Non-Structural Proteins of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus
Authors: Rascón-Castelo Edgar , Burgara-Estrella Alexel , Mateu Enric , Hernández Jesús
Published: February 2015

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is currently one of the most important viruses affecting the swine industry worldwide. Despite the large number of papers published each year, the participation of non-structural proteins (nsps) in the immune response is not completely clear. nsps have been involved in the host innate immune response, specifically, nsp1α/β, nsp2, nsp4 and nsp11 have been associated with the immunomodulation capability of the virus. To date, only participation by nsp1, nsp2, nsp4 and nsp7 in the humoral immune response has been reported, with the role of other nsps being overlooked. Furthermore, nsp1, nsp2, nsp5, nsp7 nsp9, nsp10, nsp11 have been implicated in the induction of IFN-γ and probably in the development of the cell-mediated immune response. This review discusses recent reports involving the participation of nsps in the modulation of the innate immune response and their role in the induction of both the humoral and cellular immune responses.
Ethique de l'annonce en soins palliatifs : la « vérité » en question
Authors: Clément-Hryniewicz Nathalie
Published: February 2015

Est-il toujours judicieux d’annoncer à un patient qu’on se dirige vers des soins palliatifs ? Faut-il dire, quelles que soient les circonstances, ce que nous nommons couramment la vérité, même lorsqu’elle risque de faire du mal ? Ne serait-il pas plus humain de ne pas informer pour préserver espoirs et désirs ? Comment imaginer qu’un patient puisse rester « sujet », prendre la bonne décision s’il n’a pas toutes les informations qui lui sont nécessaires ? Si l’annonce de soins palliatifs fait aujourd’hui partie intégrante des soins et s’inscrit comme un devoir au regard de la loi, proche du devoir de vérité prôné par E. Kant elle soulève à bien des égards de nombreuses questions et/ou débats d’ordre éthique. L’annonce de soins palliatifs, entendue par les patients comme « annonce de mort à venir » ou encore de « mort annoncée », n’est jamais bonne à entendre. Elle ne supporte dans ce cadre particulier ni trop de légèreté ni une gravité sans espoir au risque d’être traumatique pour bien des patients. Elle s’inscrit avant tout dans un devoir de loyauté qui demande prudence et circonspection plus que dans un devoir de vérité absolue.
Au début il y avait le milieu. Le problème du commencement de la philosophie dans Différence et Répétition
Authors: Cherniavsky Axel
Published: February 2015

Où commence la philosophie ? Il s’agit là d’un problème que nous rencontrons au début de plusieurs grandes oeuvres philosophiques. Gilles Deleuze avance une solution dans le troisième chapitre de Différence et Répétition . Or si l’aspect formel de cette solution apparaît clairement, ce n’est pas tellement le cas de l’aspect matériel. Nous nous proposons d’éclaircir cette solution non seulement pour présenter de façon concrète la conception deleuzienne du commencement en philosophie mais surtout pour montrer comment cette conception renferme la clé pour déterminer la façon dont commence la philosophie deleuzienne elle-même.
Quatre courts textes sur l'Écriture
Authors: Chapelle Albert
Published: February 2015

Le dixième anniversaire de la mort du père Albert chapelle (1929-2003) est l’occasion de présenter quatre courts textes inédits tirés de sa lecture des Écritures et de son enseignement à l’Institut d’Études Théologiques à Bruxelles, fondé sous son impulsion en 1968. Ces textes appliquent en vérité l’adage de Vatican II : « que l’Écriture soit comme l’âme de la théologie ». Dans un séminaire consacré à « l’Écriture dans la Tradition », il alerte par deux fois les étudiants sur les enjeux du rapport entre l’esprit et la lettre (présentés par M.-L. Calmeyn). À partir des Exercices spirituels de saint Ignace étudiés théologiquement, il propose une herméneutique scripturaire (présentée par N. Hausman). La méditation de Job lui permet de réfléchir au mystère de la souffrance.
Foi chrétienne et retour du religieux : la position de Joseph Ratzinger
Authors: Torri Elena
Published: February 2015

À contre-courant de l’air du temps, J. Ratzinger-Benoît XVI rejette le spiritualisme moderne depuis les années soixante. Ce refus se conjoint dans ses écrits avec la critique du rationalisme moderne. Ratzinger discerne en fait — et dénonce — le lien étroit entre l’intellectualisme des Lumières et le relativisme spiritualiste actuel : apparemment à l’opposé, la « foi » fidéiste contemporaine se révèle comme étant l’autre côté de la médaille de la « raison » rationaliste moderne. La thèse de la « corrélation entre foi et raison » que Ratzinger avance rejette cette double normativité qui marque la modernité, en remettant au centre la nature historique, relationnelle, culturelle et donc collective de l’identité humaine.
Hassidisme et magie. Enjeux philosophiques et théologiques
Authors: Guggenheim Antoine
Published: February 2015

Le Hassidisme organise la société religieuse du peuple juif selon le triptyque : récits mystiques, pratiques rituelles ou magiques, communautés dont le centre est le hassid (l’homme pieux). Malgré ses ambiguïtés et ses limites, ce mouvement a aidé le judaïsme à entrer dans l’époque difficile et féconde de la modernité européenne. Il a préparé des ressources religieuses nouvelles qui peuvent être mobilisées pour inventer une manière juive et chrétienne de vivre et de témoigner de Dieu dans un monde sécularisé et globalisé.
L'amour de Dieu ne meurt jamais
Authors: Mattheeuws Alain
Published: February 2015

L’amour peut-il être sauvé ? Les questions relatives au statut des divorcés remariés dans l’Église (remariage, communion eucharistique) ne pourront être résolues si on fait abstraction, comme c’est le cas trop souvent, de l’économie sacramentelle et spécialement du lien du Christ avec son corps, sacrement du salut pour le monde. L’art. relit les déterminations magistérielles et les débats récents sous cet angle. Il présente alors le chemin de sainteté possible des divorcés remariés : l’amour de Dieu ne meurt jamais.
Les déplacements de la pensée de Jean-Marc Ferry et la question européenne
Authors: Petit Jean-François
Published: February 2015

Cet article revient sur les déplacements essentiels de la philosophie de Jean-Marc Ferry dans le contexte européen : du souci éthique à la question européenne ; d’une pensée d’inspiration habermassienne à la prise en compte des religions ; des religions raisonnables à l’élargissement de leur rôle. On y verra la qualité de cette pensée en travail, qui est loin, dans le contexte actuel, d’avoir dit son dernier mot.
Plaidoyer pour une théologie du silence
Authors: Ambrosio Alberto Fabio
Published: February 2015

Si la théologie est le discours sur Dieu et sur sa Parole, elle a son corrélat : le silence. L’A. accueille le « silence de Dieu » observé après le drame de la Shoah et esquisse les enjeux d’une anthropologie théologique à partir du silence, celui du samedi saint, mais aussi de la résurrection, en suivant notamment la pensée de D. Bonhoeffer. Il propose enfin, avec le cistercien Adam de Perseigne, une prédication du silence.
Rupture dynastique et mémoire des empereurs romains (68-69 apr. J.-C.)
Authors: Sella Jérôme
Published: February 2015

La crise des années 68-69 après J.-C., qui voit le renversement de Néron et l’affrontement entre divers compétiteurs, met en évidence l’absence de mode régulier de désignation d’un successeur au pouvoir impérial, en dehors des adoptions au sein de la famille julio-claudienne. La référence à des modèles de comportement – ou exempla  – propres à certains prédécesseurs ou à certains contextes, joue alors un rôle essentiel. Ainsi, Clodius Macer exploite, mais sans succès, le souvenir des guerres civiles de la fin de la République, tandis que d’autres acteurs, tels Vindex, Galba ou Othon, prennent d’abord appui sur les précédents des années 41-42 qui avaient vu la chute de Caligula, l’élévation de Claude puis l’usurpation de Scribonien. Mais c’est l’exaltation de la mémoire d’Auguste par Galba qui se révèle la plus efficace. Alors qu’Othon et Vitellius tentent en vain d’exploiter le souvenir de Néron à leur profit, Vespasien opère une synthèse en reprenant chez chacun ce qui fonctionne : il utilise des éléments, y compris monétaires, du discours de Galba, et approfondit les références à Auguste. Les solutions trouvées pendant ces années constituent à leur tour des précédents durables, sur lesquels s’appuieront notamment Nerva ou les protagonistes des années 193-197.
Le cogito de la Seconde Méditation : une protestation contre le Malin génie
Authors: Bouchilloux Hélène
Published: February 2015

Le Malin génie est absent du Discours de la méthode et des Principes de la philosophie . En différenciant les deux figures du Dieu trompeur et du Malin génie, ainsi que leurs fonctions respectives, on se donne les moyens de discerner la spécificité du cogito de la Seconde Méditation , dont l’un des enjeux majeurs est de renverser littéralement le pyrrhonisme conquis grâce à la fiction du Malin génie par l’affirmation d’une certitude première qui n’est autre que celle de mon existence rétorquée à ce même Malin génie ! Un tel renversement du pyrrhonisme dans le cogito fait de la première vérité, non le cogito qui n’est qu’une certitude première, mais la réfutation du scepticisme académique qui affirme l’incertitude de toutes choses et se rabat sur la probabilité.
An Audit of a Diverse Community for Safe Routes to Age in Place: Environmental Policy Implications
Authors: Perez Adriana , Garces Anamarie , Hunter Rebecca H. , Marquez David X.
Published: February 2015

Physical and cognitive limitations often accompany aging, increasing the importance of a safe and supportive environment to help older adults maintain mobility. Neighborhood design and maintenance must be evaluated to promote physical activity, mobility, and safety. Audit tools, geographic information system data, and resident interviews are used for this purpose, but often fail to provide information that can be translated to practice. The current project is part of a larger Miami-Dade Age-Friendly Initiative to create a metropolitan area that fosters a healthy environment for diverse adults of all ages and abilities. Safe Routes uses a toolkit based on the 5-E model providing practical resources to guide stakeholders in meeting the needs of the community. Findings include the Centers for Disease Control Healthy Aging Research Network Audit Tool assessment for environmental walkability factors. Results from street segment audits along with input from residents can be used to inform sound environmental policies. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 41
(3), 13–21.]
Que yo las nubes resistir no puedo: las respuestas de Carolina Coronado y Luisa Pérez de Zambrana ante la polémica en torno al género en Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda (Una lectura transatlántica)
Authors: Rodríguez Gutiérrez Milena
Published: February 2015

Este artículo propone un acercamiento a la llamada “polémica en torno al género” en Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda desde una perspectiva transatlántica. Se consideran, de modo simultáneo, los principales críticos españoles y cubanos que intervienen en este debate. Pero fundamentalmente se pretende escuchar a las dos escritoras que en España y en Cuba desempeñaron similar función, Carolina Coronado y Luisa Pérez; ubicadas, en los dos países, en sitios parecidos: como poetisas y contrincantes femeninas de Avellaneda, quien fue considerada poeta, en el sentido masculino del término. Nuestro trabajo propone indagar en diversas cuestiones relacionadas con Coronado y Pérez: qué había en común entre ambas autoras; cuál fue su juicio sobre Avellaneda; cuáles fueron sus respuestas ante la polémica. La hipótesis propuesta es que la lectura comparada de las respuestas de Coronado y Pérez contribuirá a enriquecer el conocimiento en torno a esta polémica.
Un acercamiento teórico a la estratégica retórica femenina de Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda
Authors: Pastor Brígida M.
Published: February 2015

Este estudio pretende definir y examinar la estratégica retórica femenina de Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda. Avellaneda escribió un corpus extenso de poesía, teatro, artículos periodísticos y obras en prosa, pero es en su prosa donde mejor podemos hallar el paradigma de su evolución como literata y como escritora feminista. A través de estas estrategias narratológicas, los personajes de ficción de Avellaneda se crean como figuras de resistencia, reflejando los conflictos personales de la autora como una mujer fragmentada entre su propia identidad y la necesidad de adherirse a las normas culturales. Finalidad última de este estudio es la de investigar cómo las estrategias narrativas y recursos literarios de Avellaneda subvierten y redefinen la tradición textual desde la que su obra ha evolucionado, y forman parte de un importante proyecto que crea un lugar para Avellaneda en la vanguardia de la literatura hispánica del siglo XIX y del pensamiento feminista.
El amor, el destino y la virtud: Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda y su primer drama Leoncia
Authors: Selimov Alexander
Published: February 2015

El éxito del drama romántico Leoncia marca el comienzo de la trayectoria profesional de Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda en el ámbito teatral. Los críticos literarios han visto en esta obra la elaboración de dos grandes tópicos románticos, el amor y el destino. En el presente ensayo se argumenta que la autora se sirve de la retórica romántica para abordar el tema de la virtud, exponiendo su manipulación dentro de la estructura jerárquica de subordinación en la sociedad patriarcal. La preocupación en torno al concepto de la virtud permea gran parte de la obra de la autora hispano-cubana y a pesar de que su discurso se presenta contaminado por la retórica patriarcal, es indicativo de su esfuerzo por trascender el papel subordinado en la jerarquía social de la España decimonónica.
Pasión y política en Catilina de Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda
Authors: Cabrera Yoandy
Published: February 2015

En el presente artículo se propone una lectura de la obra Catilina (1867) de Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda. Primeramente se abordan algunas ideas generales con respecto a toda su obra literaria y a la recepción de la misma en España y Cuba, luego se hace énfasis en el valor de la imitatio como modo de creación, en el carácter ecléctico de la dramaturgia de la autora y en su diálogo personal y desenfadado con el neoclasicismo y el romanticismo. Por último analizamos los recursos dramáticos de la pieza y el tratamiento que se hace en ella de los conflictos pasionales y políticos.
Ilusiones ópticas del alma: conflictos en torno a la representación en la obra de Gómez de Avellaneda (1860-1864)
Authors: Suquet Martínez Mirta
Published: February 2015

Este artículo estudia textos de Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda escritos en su estancia en Cuba (1860-1864), con el objetivo de explicar las estrategias discursivas utilizadas por la autora para esquivar los reclamos nacionalistas de sus compatriotas. Frente a la política de la visión que da cuerpo a las demandas de objetividad de los nacionalistas, Avellaneda opta, en sus poemas de esta fecha, por un enfoque de la Isla desde la cautela y la distancia. En textos de crítica literaria y en la novela El artista barquero, Avellaneda defiende la reelaboración de la percepción a partir de una poética de las emociones que contrarreste el “positivismo” nacionalista.
Producción e impacto de las instituciones españolas de investigación en Arts and Humanities Citation Index (2003-2012)
Authors: Dorta-González Pablo , Ramírez-Sánchez Manuel
Published: February 2015

Se analiza la producción y el impacto de las publicaciones de las instituciones españolas de investigación en la fuente de datos Arts & Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI), de Thomson-Reuters Web of Science. El análisis bibliométrico incluye diversas variables y permite identificar las instituciones con mayor producción, las revistas que concentran un mayor número de artículos, las áreas de investigación con mayor producción y algunos aspectos relacionados con los hábitos de publicación en el ámbito de las Humanidades. El estudio pone de manifiesto que las instituciones con mayor producción son las mismas que encabezan también la producción en otras áreas, así como la destacada producción del CSIC.
Control de la intervención estructural sobre el área del Teatro Romano de Cádiz
Authors: Pachón P. , Rodríguez-Mayorga E. , Cobo A. , Yanes E.
Published: February 2015

El Teatro Romano de Cádiz (España) es parte de la herencia romana que ha permanecido oculta durante siglos bajo el casco histórico de la ciudad. Se trata del teatro romano más antiguo y de mayores dimensiones localizado en España. En el año 2010, se inició una intervención con el fin de descubrirlo. La intervención consiste en la construcción de una serie de bóvedas de hormigón bajo los edificios construidos sobre el teatro aplicando la técnica de la inyección armada. El control de esta intervención se está realizando por medio de dos técnicas: control topográfico y Análisis Modal Operacional. La metodología seguida para el control de la intervención en el área del teatro romano y los resultados obtenidos de la misma son los principales objetivos del presente artículo.
Modelización de tableros de obras de paso de luces cortas ejecutados con placa alveolar pretensada
Authors: Moreno-Padilla V. , Albajar-Molera L.
Published: February 2015

Los métodos tradicionales de emparrillado plano utilizados para el cálculo de tableros conformados con placa alveolar pretensada no aportan suficiente precisión para determinar la influencia de fenómenos tales como la torsión sobre las placas o el rasante entre la capa de reparto y la propia placa. Se propone un nuevo método de modelización híbrido que permite cuantificar de forma más realista el mecanismo resistente de este tipo de tableros. La aplicación del método sobre un tablero tipo ha permitido obtener unos resultados que demuestran la buena correlación de las predicciones numéricas con el comportamiento observado en la realidad.
Análisis Límite de estructuras de fábrica como problema de contacto unilateral: un enfoque probabilista
Authors: Magdalena-Layos F. , Hernando-García J. I.
Published: February 2015

La evaluación de la seguridad de estructuras antiguas de fábrica es un problema abierto. En los casos en los que no se produce deslizamiento, la aplicación de los teoremas del Análisis Límite Estándar constituye una herramienta formidable por su simplicidad y robustez. Sin embargo, cuando puedan existir mecanismos de inicio de colapso que impliquen deslizamientos, no está asegurada la existencia de una solución única, por lo que es necesaria la búsqueda de otros métodos para tratar la incertidumbre asociada a su multiplicidad. Se propone una simulación por el Método de Monte Carlo, de estructuras antiguas de fábrica, modeladas en forma de problema de contacto unilateral con rozamiento entre cuerpos rígidos. Los resultados servirán de fundamento para futuros análisis por otros métodos probabilísticos menos costosos computacionalmente.
Análisis estructural de la torre del homenaje de la Alhambra de Granada (España)
Authors: Villegas D. , Cámara M. , Compán V.
Published: February 2015

Este artículo pretende describir la respuesta estructural de la Torre del Homenaje, una de las torres del complejo de la Alhambra (Granada), y por otro lado revisar las distintas técnicas utilizadas en el análisis estructural de edificios históricos aplicándolas a dicho objeto para valorar el alcance de cada una de ellas.

La torre se analiza mediante tres procedimientos con diferentes niveles de complejidad. En primer lugar, se utiliza el método de líneas de empuje para valorar los diferentes coeficientes de seguridad desde un punto de vista de la estabilidad. En segundo lugar, se lleva a cabo un análisis elástico y lineal aplicando el método de los elementos finitos para identificar posibles concentraciones de tensiones de tracción.

Por último, se ha realizado un análisis estático no lineal tipo pushover sobre cinco modelos numéricos diferentes para valorar la respuesta estructural ante acciones horizontales de los muros perimetrales y de los pórticos interiores.
Método de Aproximación Catenaria en el diseño de estructuras antifuniculares
Authors: Cañete-Güeto M. , Fernández-Ruiz M. A. , Hernández-Montes E.
Published: February 2015

Este artículo describe una nueva metodología para resolver un problema típico del diseño de estructuras antifuniculares: cómo obtener una configuración de equilibrio partiendo de condicionantes geométricos iniciales.

En los años 70 se introdujo el Método de Densidad de Fuerzas –MDF– para la búsqueda de la configuración de equilibrio, método que hoy en día sigue utilizándose con éxito tanto en estructuras tensadas como en estructuras antifuniculares. Sin embargo, en las segundas, el problema de equilibrio se vuelve no-lineal y debe resolverse de una manera iterativa, mediante pruebas sucesivas.

A través del que hemos denominado Método de Aproximación Catenaria –MAC–, concebido como herramienta de ayuda en la aplicación del MDF a estructuras antifuniculares, es posible obtener de manera sencilla una forma de equilibrio con unas características geométricas previamente establecidas.
Paradigm shifts in orthodontic treatment with mini-implant anchorage
Authors: Liaw Johnny Joung-Lin , Wang Daniel Wei-Yee
Published: February 2015

After the applications of mini-implant anchorage, the envelope of orthodontic treatment was expanded and some treatment modes were changed because of more predictable tooth movement with empowered anchorage. The author tried to share his experience of TADs applications for clarifying the paradigm shifts of orthodontic treatment assisted with the mini-implant anchorage.
The effect of various oral hygiene products on the microbial flora in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment
Authors: Chauhan Preeti , Dua Vinay S. , Kainth Nitika , Tosh Ashu , Tomar Anshul
Published: February 2015

Context

Orthodontic devices lead to significantly greater plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation resulting in a change of gingival flora from cocci and rods to motile organisms like spirochetes.

Aims

The aim was to study the effect of various oral hygiene products on the microbial flora in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.

Materials and Methods

The microbial composition of 40 patients, divided into four groups of 10 patients each, was evaluated. Group I patients were prescribed nonfluoridated dentifrice which act as the control group, Group II patients were given fluoridated dentifrice while in Group III and Group IV fluoridated mouth rinse and cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinse, respectively, along with nonfluoridated toothpaste was prescribed. The plaque sample was collected at the start of orthodontic treatment, after 30 days, 60 days and 90 days for all the patients. The microscopic slides were prepared and observed under dark field microscopy at the magnification of ×1000 and microbes were classified as cocci, spirochetes, fusiforms, filaments, and rods.

Results

After applying analysis of variance and Tukey honest significant difference test, it was observed that after 30 days, only the proportion of filaments was found to be significantly higher in Group I. After 60 days, Group I had significantly lower proportion of cocci and a higher proportion of rods as compared to other groups. After 90 days, Group I had significantly higher count of rods, filaments, fusiforms, and spirochetes as compared to Groups III and IV.

Conclusion

Less amount of the microbial shift to the pathogenic organisms was seen in the patients in whom mouthwashes along with tooth brushing were prescribed.
Comprehensive Evaluation of Composite Gene Features in Cancer Outcome Prediction
Authors: Hou Dezhi , Koyutürk Mehmet
Published: February 2015

Owing to the heterogeneous and continuously evolving nature of cancers, classifiers based on the expression of individual genes usually do not result in robust prediction of cancer outcome. As an alternative, composite gene features that combine functionally related genes have been proposed. It is expected that such features can be more robust and reproducible since they can capture the alterations in relevant biological processes as a whole and may be less sensitive to fluctuations in the expression of individual genes. Various algorithms have been developed for the identification of composite features and inference of composite gene feature activity, which all claim to improve the prediction accuracy. However, because of the limitations of test datasets incorporated by each individual study and inconsistent test procedures, the results of these studies are sometimes conflicting and unproducible. For this reason, it is difficult to have a comprehensive understanding of the prediction performance of composite gene features, particularly across different cancers, cancer subtypes, and cohorts. In this study, we implement various algorithms for the identification of composite gene features and their utilization in cancer outcome prediction, and perform extensive comparison and evaluation using seven microarray datasets covering two cancer types and three different phenotypes. Our results show that, while some algorithms outperform others for certain classification tasks, no single algorithm consistently outperforms other algorithms and individual gene features.
Transpopliteal Balloon-Assisted Excimer–Laser Atherectomy for the Treatment of Chronic Femoropopliteal Occlusions: Feasibility and Initial Results
Authors: Lüdtke Christopher W. , Scheer Fabian , Kamusella Peter , Wissgott Christian , Andresen Reimer
Published: February 2015

Purpose

Recanalization of chronic total occlusions (CTOs) of the femoropopliteal arteries depends on a successful lesion crossing with the guide wire. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and the primary results of retrograde recanalization of CTOs with balloon-assisted excimer–laser atherectomy (ELA) via a transpopliteal approach after failed antegrade attempts.

Methods

A total number of 15 patients (10 male, 5 female) with a mean age of 68.5 years (range: 43-91 years) treated with retrograde transpopliteal ELA in the years 2009-2012 were included retrospectively. After unsuccessful antegrade recanalization attempts with conventional guide wires and catheters, patients were treated with a retrograde recanalization attempt via a transpopliteal access using an excimer laser, followed by pressure-only balloon angioplasty (POBA). The mean length of the CTOs in the femoropopliteal arteries was 17.8 ± 5.4 cm (range: 9-29 cm).

Results

Technically successful recanalization was achieved in 14 of 15 patients. Provisional stenting was done in two cases. There were no major adverse events regarding the laser atherectomy or popliteal access site. One acute reocclusion was observed in the first 48 hours after intervention. The ankle-brachial Index increased from preinterventional 0.45 ± 0.07 to 0.77 ± 0.29 ( P < 0.05) in the follow-up period (1.5 months), resulting in a primary patency of 80%.

Conclusion

The retrograde ELA for recanalization of chronic femoropopliteal occlusions via a popliteal access turned out to be a safe and effective procedure with promising primary results. Thus it may be an endovascular treatment option for long chronic occlusions after failed antegrade recanalization or in patients who are not suitable for surgery.
New energy-capacity-type inequalities and uniqueness of continuous Hamiltonians
Authors: Humilière Vincent , Leclercq Rémi , Seyfaddini Sobhan
Published: February 2015

We prove a new variant of the energy-capacity inequality for closed rational symplectic manifolds (as well as certain open manifolds such as

\mathbb R^{2n}

, cotangent bundle of closed manifolds…) and we derive some consequences to

C^0

–symplectic topology. Namely, we prove that a continuous function which is a uniform limit of smooth normalized Hamiltonians whose flows converge to the identity for the spectral (or Hofer’s) distance must vanish. This gives a new proof of uniqueness of continuous generating Hamiltonian for hameomorphisms. This also allows us to improve a result by Cardin and Viterbo on the

C^0

–rigidity of the Poisson bracket.
On the group of purely inseparable points of an abelian variety defined over a function field of positive characteristic
Authors: Rössler Damian
Published: February 2015

Let

K

be the function field of a smooth and proper curve

S

over an algebraically closed field

k

of characteristic

p>0

. Let

A

be an ordinary abelian variety over

K

. Suppose that the Néron model

\mathcal A

of

A

over

S

has some closed fibre

\mathcal A_s

, which is an abelian variety of

p

-rank

0

.

We show that in this situation the group

A(K^{perf})

is finitely generated (thus generalizing a special case of the Lang-Néron theorem). Here

K^{perf}=K^{p^{-\infty}}

is the maximal purely inseparable extension of

K

. This result implies in particular that the "full" Mordell-Lang conjecture is verified in the situation described above. The proof relies on the theory of semistability (of vector bundles) in positive characteristic and on the existence of the compactification of the universal abelian scheme constructed by Faltings-Chai.
Sur l’homologie des groupes d’automorphismes des groupes libres à coefficients polynomiaux
Authors: Djament Aurélien , Vespa Christine
Published: February 2015

We prove that the stable homology of automorphism groups of free groups with twisted coefficients given by a polynomial covariant functor is trivial. For the abelianization functor, which is polynomial of degree 1, we recover by algebraic methods a result previously obtained by Hatcher–Wahl by topological and geometrical methods. For coefficients given by a contravariant polynomial functor factorizing through the abelianization, we compute the stable value of the first homology group of automorphism groups of free groups, which is generally nonzero.
On Schoen surfaces
Authors: Ciliberto Ciro , Mendes Lopes Margarida , Roulleau Xavier
Published: February 2015

We give a new construction of the irregular surfaces of general type with

p_g=5, \chi=2, K^ 2=8

,recently discovered by C. Schoen in [24]. Our approach proves that, if

S

is a general Schoen surface, its canonical map is a finite morphism of degree 2 onto a canonical surface with invariants

p_{g}=5, \chi=6, \, K^{2}=8

, a complete intersection of a quadric and a quartic hypersurface in

\mathbb P^{4}

, with 40 even nodes.
On the existence of three closed magnetic geodesics for subcritical energies
Authors: Abbondandolo Alberto , Macarini Leonardo , Paternain Gabriel P.
Published: February 2015

We consider exact magnetic flows on closed orientable surfaces. We show that for almost every energy below Mañé’s critical value of the universal covering there are always at least three distinct closed magnetic geodesics with energy

\kappa

. If in addition the energy level is assumed to be non-degenerate we prove existence of infinitely many closed magnetic geodesics.
Geometry of non-holonomic diffusion
Authors: Hochgerner Simon , Ratiu Tudor S.
Published: February 2015

We study stochastically perturbed non-holonomic systems from a geometric point of view. In this setting, it turns out that the probabilistic properties of the perturbed system are intimately linked to the geometry of the constraint distribution. For

G

-Chaplygin systems, this yields a stochastic criterion for the existence of a smooth preserved measure. As an application of our results we consider the motion planning problem for the noisy two-wheeled robot and the noisy snakeboard.
The Effect of Temperature on Bisphenol: An Elution from Dental Resins
Authors: Atabek Didem , Aydintug Itir , Alaçam Alev , Berkkan Aysel
Published: February 2015

Aim

Bisphenol A (BPA) elution from baby bottles into content has been of great public interest and debate in recent year. Uncontrolled BPA elution due to temperature increase may create a risk factor for human health. However, dental resins that are used in pediatric dentistry also have BPA derivatives. The aim of this study is to evaluate BPA elution from dental resins and to determine the effect of temperature increase on this elution.

Materials and methods

Four dental resins containing BPA derivatives (Filtek Z250, Filtek Supreme XT, Fissurit FX, and Admira) and a control group (BPA free G-aenial) were used in this study. Each specimen was stored in 2 ml of 75% ethanolwater solution at 37°C. Water at a temperature of 59°C ± 1°C (preferred temperature of hot drinks) was added to the study samples at certain time intervals (1, 6, 24 hours and 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 days). The methanol samples were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Data was analyzed using multivariate and repeated measures analysis of variance (p < 0.05).

Results

The study samples generally eluted more BPA than the control samples (p < 0.05). The greatest amount of BPA for an individual time period was measured after 6 hours for the groups A to D; the same was found after 24 hours for group E.

Conclusion

While the BPA elution levels evaluated in the study samples were more than control samples, all measured values were under the reference levels and the amounts do not constitute a risk.

Clinical significance

Resin-based dental materials can act as a source of BPA (within safety margins), especially when they react with hot water.

How to cite this article

Atabek D, Aydintug I, Alaçam A, Berkkan A. The Effect of Temperature on Bisphenol: An Elution from Dental Resins. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(5):576-580.
Knowledge Awareness and Attitude about Research Ethics among Dental Faculties in India
Authors: Gopinath Nithin Manchery , John Joseph , Senthilkumar E , Nagappan N
Published: February 2015

Aim

The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge, awareness and attitude about research ethics and research ethics committees (RECs) among dental faculties.

Materials and methods

This cross-sectional questionnaire study incorporated a self administered questionnaire. Descriptive, Chi-square and logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data.

Results

The overall response rate to the study was 85%. More than half were familiar with research ethics, principles and functions of the research ethics committee. Though there were some faculties whose attitude regarding research ethics principle was not optimal.

Conclusion

The present study revealed a broad acceptance among the faculties acceptance toward RECs and training in research ethics, though there existed certain gap in knowledge about research among the faculties.

Clinical significance

This will help us to understand the knowledge, awareness and attitudes of dental faculties toward research ethics, which will help the institutional officials to develop better educational programs in the field of research ethics in order to help them conduct better research henceforth.

How to cite this article

MG Nithin, John J, Senthilkumar E, Nagappan N. Knowledge Awareness and Attitude about Research Ethics among Dental Faculties in India. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(5):608-613.
Vroege receptie van Tourniers Le Roi des Aulnes in de Nederlandse literatuurkritiek (1970-1972)
Authors: Corjanus Marjolein
Published: February 2015

The early reception of Tournier’s Le Roi des Aulnes in Dutch literary criticism (1970-1972) – a comparison with the reception in France and Germany

This article aims at analysing the early reception by the Dutch literary press of Le Roi des Aulnes, the 1970 novel by the well-known French author Michel Tournier (1924). In this case of literary border transfer, the interpretations and qualifications expressed by Dutch critics are compared to those made by their German and French counterparts.

As it turns out, early Dutch criticism of Tournier’s novel is a hybrid one, oscillating between a more German-orientated, historical interpretation and a psychological, symbolical interpretation, which is typical of French criticism of Le Roi des Aulnes. Moreover, Dutch criticism of Tournier’s novel is far from outspoken, lacking any debate or overtly negative criticism, especially in comparison with certain critics in the German press, such as Jean Améry. As such, no attempt is made to evaluate Tournier’s novel within a distinct Dutch frame of reference, which might be explained by the fact that Dutch critics know that their literary field is a peripheral one, dominated by literary fields such as those in France and Germany. It is also argued that the Dutch, as a polyglot nation, are able to review Le Roi des Aulnes at a very early stage in its original, French version, which could have created a bias towards French criticism.
Terug tot de werkelijkheid?
Authors: De Taeye Lieselot
Published: February 2015

Back to Reality? Present-day Documentary Trends in Dutch Literature from a Twentieth-Century Literary Historical Perspective

In contemporary Dutch literary production, the ‘world outside’ has gained ground. The genre of literary non-fiction has conquered a less marginal place in the literary field, but (fictional) novels, too, are characterized by a higher prevalence of factual discourse. In this article, I address how a conceptual framework of documentary literature can elucidate the literary innovations in Samaritaan (2011) by A.H.J. Dautzenberg, Duizend heuvels (2012) by Koen Peeters and La Superba (2013) by Ilja Leonard Pfeijffer. Before analysing these works, I provide a definition of ‘documentary literature’ and explore how it has been conceptualized in literary studies. In order to foreground the novelty in these current representatives, I will also look at the ways in which the phenomenon has emerged throughout Dutch literature in the 20th century. A rhetorical approach is taken to examine which methods are deemed most convincing to achieve a reality effect in literature by the authors under scrutiny. It appears that present-day novels combine reportage and the interview with an autofictional narrator. As opposed to the documentary anti-literature that was typical of the Nieuwe Zakelijkheid and the sixties, a strong blending of documentary signals and improbable elements informs the reading of these texts. Furthermore, blatant subjectivity and self-reflexivity are used as rhetorical devices to consciously construct a reality that is shown to be relevant on a level that exceeds the merely personal.
A comparison study between CMAQ-simulated and OMI-retrieved NO2 columns over East Asia for evaluation of NOx emission fluxes of INTEX-B, CAPSS, and REAS inventories
Authors: Han K. M. , Lee S. , Chang L. S. , Song C. H.
Published: February 2015

Abstract. Comparison between the CMAQ (Community Multi-scale Air Quality Model)-calculated and OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument)-retrieved tropospheric NO2 columns was carried out for 2006 over East Asia (100–150° E; 20–50° N) to evaluate the bottom-up NOx emission fluxes of INTEX-B, CAPSS, and REAS v1.11 inventories. The three emission inventories were applied to the CMAQ model simulations for the countries of China, South Korea, and Japan, respectively. For the direct comparison between the two NO2 columns, the averaging kernels (AKs) obtained from the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI)/DOMINO v2.0 daily product were applied to the CMAQ-simulated data. The analysis showed that the two tropospheric NO2 columns from the CMAQ model simulations and OMI observations (ΩCMAQ,AK and ΩOMI) had good spatial and seasonal correlation, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.71 to 0.96. In addition, the normalized mean errors (NMEs) between the ΩCMAQ,AK and ΩOMI were found to range from ~ 40 to ~ 63%. The ΩCMAQ,AK were, on annual average, ~ 28% smaller (in terms of the NMEs) than the ΩOMI, indicating that the NOx emissions used were possibly underestimated in East Asia. Large absolute differences between the ΩCMAQ,AK and ΩOMI were found, particularly over central eastern China (CEC) during winter (annual averaged mean error of ~ 4.51 × 1015 molecules cm−2). Although such differences between the ΩCMAQ,AK and ΩOMI are likely caused by the errors and biases in the NOx emissions used in the CMAQ model simulations, it can be rather difficult to quantitatively relate the differences to the accuracy of the NOx emissions, because there are also several uncertain factors in the CMAQ model, satellite-retrieved NO2 columns and AK products, and NOx and other trace gas emissions. In this context, three uncertain factors were selected and analyzed with sensitivity runs (monthly variations in NOx emissions; influences of different NOx emission fluxes; and reaction probability of N2O5 radicals). Other uncertain or possible influential factors were also discussed to suggest future direction of the study.
Sources of humic-like substances in the Pearl River Delta, China: positive matrix factorization analysis of PM2.5 major components and source markers
Authors: Kuang B. Y. , Lin P. , Huang X. H. H. , Yu J. Z.
Published: February 2015

Abstract. Humic-like substances (HULIS), the hydrophobic part of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), account for a significant fraction of PM2.5 mass. Their source studies are so far largely qualitative. In this study, HULIS and WSOC were determined in 100 PM2.5 samples collected in 2009 at an urban site (Guangzhou) and a suburban site (Nansha) in the Pearl River Delta in South China. The annual average concentration of HULIS was 4.83 and 4.71 μg m−3, constituting 8.5 and 10.2% of the PM2.5 mass, while HULIS-C (the carbon component of HULIS) contributed 48 and 57% of WSOC at the two sites, respectively. HULIS were found to correlate with biomass burning (BB) tracers (i.e., levoglucosan and K) and secondary species (e.g., SO42− and NH4+), suggesting its association with BB emissions and secondary formation processes. Sources of HULIS were investigated using positive matrix factorization analysis of PM2.5 chemical composition data, including major components and source markers. In addition to secondary formation process and BB emissions, residual oil combustion related to shipping was identified for the first time as a significant source of HULIS. Secondary formation process contributed the most, accounting for 49–82% of ambient HULIS at the two sites in different seasons. BB emissions contributed a seasonal average of 8–28%, with more contributions observed in the winter months (November–February) due to crop residue burning during harvest season. Residual oil combustion was revealed to be an important source at the suburban site in summer (44% of HULIS-C) due to its proximity to one of the ports and the shipping lane in the region. Vehicle emissions were found to contribute little to HULIS, but had contributions to the hydrophilic WSOC fraction. The contrast in contributions from different combustion sources to HULIS and hydrophilic WSOC suggests that primary sources of HULIS are linked to inefficient combustion. This source analysis suggests further study of HULIS be focused on secondary formation process and source characteristics of HULIS from BB and residual oil combustion.
Investigation of the adiabatic assumption for estimating cloud micro- and macrophysical properties from satellite and ground
Authors: Merk D. , Deneke H. , Pospichal B. , Seifert P.
Published: February 2015

Abstract. In this study we investigate the accuracy of quantities relevant for the first indirect aerosol effect, with focus on the cloud droplet number concentration and cloud geometrical depth. The adiabatic cloud model is commonly applied to retrieve cloud micro- and macrophysical quantities from passive satellite sensors like SEVIRI or MODIS. As reference we use ground-based observations from a cloud radar, a microwave radiometer and a ceilometer. The cloud geometrical depth is obtained directly from these measurements. An optimal estimation technique was developed to retrieve profiles of droplet number concentration. Although the ground-based observations contain detailed information about the cloud vertical structure, there are also large uncertainties. We investigate four different cases of temporally homogeneous and inhomogeneous liquid cloud layers. Considering uncertainties for both ground-based and satellite-based retrievals we found a good agreement for observations under suitable conditions. Overall cloud layers were subadiabatic with values of the subadiabatic factor consistent with previous studies. The best match between satellite and ground perspective is found for one of the homogeneous cases where we obtained a relative mean difference of adiabatic cloud geometrical depth of 15% and a relative mean difference of cloud droplet number concentration of 27%. The estimation of cloud droplet number concentration is especially sensitive to radar reflectivity for the ground-based retrieval and to effective radius for the satellite retrieval.
Momentum forcing of the QBO by equatorial waves in recent reanalyses
Authors: Kim Y.-H. , Chun H.-Y.
Published: February 2015

Abstract. The momentum forcing by equatorial waves to the QBO is estimated using recent reanalyses. Based on the estimation using the conventional pressure level datasets, the forcing by the Kelvin waves (3–9 m s−1 month−1) dominates the net forcing by all equatorial wave modes in the easterly-to-westerly transition phase at 30 hPa (3–11 m s−1 month−1). In the opposite phase, the net forcing by equatorial wave modes is small (1–5 m s−1 month−1). By comparing the results with those from the native model-level dataset of the ERA-Interim reanalysis, it is suggested that the use of conventional-level data causes the Kelvin wave forcing to be underestimated by 2–4 m s−1 month−1. The momentum forcing by mesoscale gravity waves, which are unresolved in the reanalyses, is deduced from the residual of the zonal wind tendency equation. In the easterly-to-westerly phase at 30 hPa, the mesoscale gravity wave forcing is found to be smaller than the resolved wave forcing, whereas the gravity wave forcing dominates over the resolved wave forcing in the opposite phase. Finally, we discuss the uncertainties in the wave forcing estimates using the reanalyses.