bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge of Hypertension and Practice of Hypertension Control among Hypertensive Patients in University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Nigeria
Authors: I.G. Boma , A.L. Oji , U.P. Tari-Oki
Published: March 2022

Background: Hypertension remains a major public health challenge and cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Patients’ knowledge of hypertension among other factors could influence their practice of hypertension control measures. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the knowledge and practice of hypertensive patients towards hypertension control as well as identify factors influencing the practice of hypertension control in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), a tertiary healthcare institution in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH). One hundred and twenty (120) consenting hypertensive patients attending a clinic at the outpatient department were recruited for this study. A pre-tested structured questionnaire incorporating sociodemographic characteristics and questions on knowledge, practice and factors affecting hypertension control was administered to the patients. Data obtained was presented using frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation. Spearman rank correlation was used for correlation analysis of data. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: Study participants demonstrated good knowledge with a mean knowledge score of 3.68±0.30. However, poor practice in the control of hypertension with a mean practice score of 2.59±0.48 was observed. Financial constraint was identified as the factor affecting the practice of hypertension control among hypertensive patients (mean score 3.09±0.66). There were statistically significant positive correlations between mean practice score with age (r=0.269, p=0.005) and educational status (r=0.232, p=0.017). Significant negative correlations between the mean practice score and financial constraint (r= -0.246, p=0.011), negative side effects of drugs (r= -0.318, p=0.001), herbal medicine use (r= -0.207, p=0.034), failure to remember (r= -0.225, p=0.020) as well as perceived absence of symptom (r= -0.261, p=0.007) were observed. Conclusion: Hypertensive patients attending clinics at the outpatient department of UPTH demonstrated good knowledge of hypertension though this did not translate to good practice in hypertension control. Poor practice in hypertension control was associated with age, educational status, financial constraint, a side effect of drugs, herbal medicine use, failure to remember and perceived absence of symptoms.
Edible Bell Under Shade: The Phenological Characterization of Bell Pepper (Capsicum annum) Under Different Photoperiod
Authors: Borres Eligio , Basulgan Eddie , Campo Meludy , Gulmatico Jomar
Published: March 2022

The study was conducted to evaluate the growth, inflorescence development, and yield response of the bell pepper to the different photoperiods (shading). The study was conducted from March 21 to May 15, 2021 at the DEBESMSCAT-Crop Science experimental area, Cabitan, Mandaon, and Masbate. The study used 15 experimental plots, and each plot contained 20 plants of bell pepper. The study used a total of 300 plants in 15 plots. The plant spacing was 40 cm between hills and 60 cm between rows. The study used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments used were different photoperiods (shading). Treatment A used shading starting from 6:00 A.M. – 9:00 A.M., Treatment B used shading from 9:00 A.M – 12:00 P.M., Treatment C used shading from 12:00 P.M – 3:00 P.M., Treatment D used shading from 3:00 P.M. – 6:00 P.M., and Treatment E (control) used no shading. The study used 10 experimental plants, randomly selected for each plot in every treatment. The data gathering started 7 days after transplanting and was conducted every 5 days. The results of the study revealed that the different photoperiods (times of shading) have no significant effect on growth in terms of plant height, number of leaves, leaf width and length, and stem diameter. Moreover, on the inflorescence development of bell peppers in terms of number of flowers, length of stalks, and size of flowers (diameter). The results on fruiting in terms of number of fruits, sizes (length and diameter), and weight also revealed that the different photoperiods have no significant effect. However, the results of the study on the number of fruits per plant and per plot revealed significant differences among each treatment.
Effects of Racism on the Traumatic Experiences of Black Women: Maya Angelou’s “I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings” in Focus
Authors: Munir Haniya , Sheikh Asmat A.
Published: March 2022

This paper attempts to explore the effects of racism on sexual traumatic experiences of black women. Actually, the term racism incorporates negative brliefs about women and people belonging to third world countries. As it is suggested by Showalter (1986), Mohanty (2003), Spivak (1999) and Crowley (1991) that women are suffering from male prejdice and this male prejudice leads them towards mental trauma, in this situation, the racist attitudes of the white towards the black prove to be the prejudiceleading to last nail in the coffin. This paper seeks to explore the effects of racism on the traumatic experiences of women keeping in viewAngelou?s novel “I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings”. The study is qualitative in nature and uses the framework of Post-Colonial Feminist writer Mohanty (2003) in order to analyze the text of the novel selected through purposive sampling technique. Moreover, the finding of the study revealed that the after-effects of both male prejudice and racism lead the black women towards resistance and courage against this process of „double colonializaation?. Through the framework of „Post-Colonial Feminism? many other issues such as displacement, segragation,sexual hes towards all women especially women of colour becauseheory approacharassment, rape and diaspora of non-western women besides the issue of identity crices can be explored by the future researchers.
Theoretical Framework: An Investigation into Transversal Competencies Among Pakistani Undergraduates
Authors: Yasmin Farhana , Islam Muhammad Islam
Published: March 2022

A theoretical framework is indispensable for a research study to ground it in theoretical constructs. The purpose of the present study was to develop the theoretical framework for a mixed-methods study on transversal competencies. The strategies of developing the theoretical framework were followed including: alignment of research problem and title of the study; key variables of the study; review of the literature; relevant variables of the study; selection of theory(ies) which can best explain the key variables of the study; discuss the propositions of the selected theory and point out their relevance to your research. The theory of Zone of Proximal Development by Vygotsky (1978) in alignment with Constructivism paradigm was selected to understand and explain the transversal competencies as the key variable of the present study. A Theoretical Framework of TVC for Lifelong Learning was developed. It defined the key variables of the study including: departmental, pedagogical and institutional strategies to analyze and interpret the data to be gathered, understand the variables in view of definitions, and build knowledge by validating or challenging theoretical propositions: MKO, Contextual aspect, Social aspect, Personal aspect, and Scaffolding. It was a framework to not only interpret the new research data for future but also a response to new problems for identifying strategies. It was significant to limit the scope of the study by focusing on the key variables.
Liberal and Conservative Academic Values: Issues of Cultural Differences and Hybridity in Zadie Smith’s on Beauty
Authors: Hassan Bin Zubair  , Larik Saima , Zaman Badar uz
Published: March 2022

This research explores the relationship between two racially different characters Belsey and Kiki in Zadie Smith's On Beauty. Belsey is a white person from Britain who marries African-American Kiki. The clash between liberal and conservative academic values and leads the cultural ambivalence due to the mixed race. The marital relationship between the two different races results in disharmony and hence became the victim of separate culture multi adjustment and troubles with children from mixed race. Kiki and Carlene remain best friends despite the failed relationship of their family. This research is qualitative in nature. In the line of Homi K. Bhabha, this research argues that Zadie Smith presents the culturally ambivalent character. Characters show the complex genealogy of each family and foretell the impact of cultural and familiar history will have on their London-born children. There is a conflict between white and black. In the novel, the story covers the difficulties of cultural differences and their children as they are comforted by the different societies. Kiki is in an ambivalent and in-between state. She is in hybridity: she always tries to fit herself in the white surrounding that further leads her to frustration, ambivalence, alienation, and dislocation. It brings the loss of identity. This research finds that the characters are in search of their identities. They rebel against each other to prove their identity.
ESL Lexical Inferencing for the Unknown Words in Newspaper Editorials at Advanced Level
Authors: Baloch Muhammad Shafiq , Ahmad Naveed
Published: March 2022

The study aims at exploring the inferential behaviours of the ESL learners in generating the meanings of the unknown words faced in reading editorials of newspapers. It further notices the impact of instructional treatment on the use of knowledge sources and their relationship with success, the effect of syntactic property of the unknown words, and the difficulties faced in lexical inferencing while interacting with a text. The theoretical framework of knowledge sources adopted in the study was given by Bengeleil and Paribakht (2004). Data were collected through introspective verbal protocols and observation. The study used the texts of the editorials published in native newspaper The Washington Post. Flesch Reading Ease Measure was employed to compare readability of the editorials. The study is quasi-experimental which includes pretest, instructional treatment and posttest. It uses Winograd and Hare’s (1988) model of instruction due to its cognitive usefulness. The analysis of selected verbal protocols gave insight to the inferential behaviours of the subjects while using linguistic and non-linguistic knowledge sources in the pursuit of meaning of the unknown words. The instructional treatment had a significant effect on the sources in lexical inferencing. It was found out that the parts of speech of the unknown words had effect on ease or difficulty in deducing their meanings. The study sheds light on various reasons of incorrect inferences.
Key words: ESL Reading, Lexical Inferencing, Editorials, Introspection, Linguistic and Non-Linguistic Knowledge Sources, Syntactic Property of Unknown Words
Postcolonial Subject as Modern Orient: A Critical Analysis of Shamsie’s Home Fire
Authors: Ahmed Zia , Hafsa Qadir Buzdar  , Kamran Umaima
Published: March 2022

This paper aims to explore the evolution and portrayal of the modern Orients in Pakistani fiction and attempts to determine the causes, factors and impact of this shift from simple orient to New Orient. New orient is a discourse being popularized by the west under the influence of Islamophobia to generate a specific type of violent orient whose main job is to spread terrorism and is therefore dangerous. The similar discourses are being followed by the writers from non-western areas of the world and are deeply connected with the formerly colonized country.  The new orient is an unwanted person whose loyalties with the identity, community, race and language are constantly shifting in his portrayal in the fiction. This necessitates a debate and discussion about this new orient. This research study delimits to Shamsie’s Home Fire to investigate the new orient and to determine the level of change that has occurred in the patterns of representation in the 21st century under the forces of globalization, neo-colonialism and islamophobia. Above all, this orient is not represented by the European writer but by the Postcolonial writers, such as Shamsie. The writers intend to read the selected chunks of the text under the lens of new-Orientalism and evaluate the portrayals of Aneeka and Parvaiz as the new-orientals, as portrayed by Shamsie. The most probable outcome of the study is that the post 9/11 fiction has given birth to a new set of issues related to the Orient and their settlements and has brought more sophistication in the characters of orient and hence they have diverted from their traditional portrayals as Orients.
Life Style Changings and Depression among the Married and Unmarried Nurses of Multan
Authors: Syed Muzaffar Hussain  , Mariamdaram Chethiyar Saralah Devi , Binti Ibrahim Nabisah Binti Ibrahim
Published: March 2022

Purpose: The current research was directed to examine the association between life style changings (age, marital status, duty hours) and depression among the married and unmarried nurses of Multan. Methodology. Data was taken from (n=150) nurses through stratified proportional sampling method. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Independent Sample T-Test and A Generalized Linear Regression Model studied relations between lifestyle aspects and depression. Main Findings: The result showed that life styles changings (age, marital status and duty hours) have significant positive relationship with depression. Regression findings revealed life styles changings (age, marital status and duty hours) were the significant predictors of depression. However, results also showed that mean score of depression was high in married nurses as compared to unmarried nurses. Application of this Study: The present study will help to understand the consequences of depression especially among nurses. Existing policies and coping strategies could be inquired and could probably to improve to better help this population. Nurses should make therapeutic lifestyle variations to improve their work-life balance and protect their functioning at work and individual well-being. Novelty/Originality of this Study: Based on this study, it is not only particular for professionals or nurses to be aware of depression toward better life in the Pakistani society but also to be educated the culture itself and clinical area.
KEYWORDS: Life Styles Changings, Depression, Nurses, Multan.
Studying Usage of EFL Dictionary at Graduate Level in South Punjab
Authors: Sibtain Masroor , Muhammad Qasim Hafiz , Qurat-ul-Ain
Published: March 2022

This research aims to study the dictionary using habits among the learners of English asa second language in the South Punjab region of Pakistan, their reference skills, and look-upbehaviours. Literate people usually keep and consult a dictionary for negotiating with meaning, and in the case of dealing with the lexis of a foreign language, dictionary usage assumes far greater importance. Dictionary using skills in the EFL context assume considerable significance in ELT classrooms where dictionary skills are emphasized as the bedrock of learning the English language with an optimal level of proficiency. Lexicographers take into view the factors such as lack of dictionary using skills, behavioural factors, L1 background, and desired goals for command of L2 as key variables in compiling dictionaries. It is questionnaire-based research that employed a mixed-method approach. The objectives were set to explore the effects of basic dictionary skills and suggesting better strategies to exploit the monolingual EFL dictionary to the maximal potential. The theoretical framework of this study was based on Tono (2001). Data was collected through a questionnaire having close-ended as well as open-ended questions. 240 learners of English, both male and female, at the graduate level in public as well as private universities and colleges of Multan, Dera Ghazi Khan, and Bahawalpur divisions, were involved in the study as respondents. Data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Findings showed that L1 background, L2 proficiency level, students’ behavioural factors, and untrained and inexperienced teachers were the cause of faulty dictionary use and lack of references of skills among EFL learners.
The Use of Irony as a Feministic Device to Deter Gender-Nationalistic Duo in Meatless Days
Authors: Shaista Dr. Shaista Andleeb , Muhammad Asif Khan Dr. Muhammad Asif Khan
Published: March 2022

The analogy of critical representation of the feminine issues prohibits the sustained continuation of the ideological manuscript of gender division in Pakistan. The Postcolonial nativity, the charisma of nationalism, the rigid concentration of aristocratic Westernization create a hard line between the social, cultural, and political identification of regional/national roles after the establishment of Pakistan. Bhabha (1994) reminds us that ‘postcoloniality is a salutary reminder of the persistent neo-colonial relations within new world order’(p.06). The structure of crucial gender boundaries is drawn in Pakistani society to promote the collective nationalistic consciousness in the wake of political achievements. Whereas, ‘the recesses of the domestic space become sites for history’s most intricate invasions’ (1994, p.09).This invasion confuses the ‘borders between home and world’ and combines the public and private to a more disorienting vision of life. This paper tries to recollect the gist of deformed gender rhetoric in the nationalistic restructuring of Pakistani society in Meatless Days by Sara Suleri. The paper concentrates on the artistic development in the course of the memoir to identify the irony of people as a dichotomy between the real and the fictional re-appropriation of Postcolonial Pakistan.
            Key Words:  Feminism, Nationalistic consciousness, Gender-boundaries,       
                                   Memoir, Irony, Postcolonial Pakistan.
An Overview of Pharmaceutical Mini Tablet
Authors: Mohd Salman , Majaz A Qazi , Haq Abrarul , Raut Sandip
Published: March 2022

The objective of controlled drug delivery systems is to decrease the frequency of dosing and to increase the efficiency of the drug by localization. In oral controlled drug delivery systems, Mini-tablets represent the new trend in Solid oral dosage forms are most acceptable dosage forms especially tablets are most widely accepted by people of different age groups. Mini tablets with a diameter alike to or smaller than 3–6 mm. mini tablets are multiple unit dosage forms and are convenient to pellets or any other oral dosage forms as there calm to manufacture and stability snags are less. Some types of mini tablets are like to Oral disintegrating mini tablets, pH responsive mini tablets, Biphasic mini tablets, gastro retentive mini tablets, paediatric mini tablets, and bio adhesive mini tablets.
Role of Spices and Herbs in Controlling Dental Problems
Authors: Shankar Sangeetha , P. Gopinath , E. Roja
Published: March 2022

Herbs and spices are not just useful to us as flavouring agents but they are actually nature's way to treat dental infections also. Several dental problems like tooth ache, caries, etc have become very common among the human population across the globe. These are mainly due to the action of microorganisms like Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, lactobacilli, etc. Such problems can actually be cured naturally by using herbs and spices like cloves, thyme, peppermint leaves, goldenseal, green tea, etc which contain particular substances (that are found in dental medicines), which act against the microorganisms causing dental problems by either killing them or inhibiting their growth, are used to treat these problems. Apart from the above use, it is also effective in cases of infections where allopathic medications have no or minimal actions which may be due to the increased resistance exhibited by the pathogens to particular allopathic medications, some antibacterial agents currently used in dentistry produces adverse-affects like nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, headache, staining of teeth, etc. and financial considerations in relation to allopathic medications in developing countries creates a need for alternative prevention and treatment options that are safe, effective and economical. Hence, the search for alternative products continues and herbs and spices that were used as traditional medicines in the ancient times are considered as good alternatives. Therefore, understanding the role of herbs and spices in controlling dental infection scan help people to cure and prevent these infections in a natural way and help them overcome all the above problems.
A Brief Review on Ophthalmic Suspension for Covid-19 Infection
Authors: Sahu Geetanjali , Chandy Anish , Sahu Raju
Published: March 2022

Delivering a drug to eye has been a major challenge to pharmacologists and drug delivery scientists (Gaudana et al 2010). It is due to its complex structure and unique anatomy and physiology. This results only small portion of drug reaches to the site of action. The eye contains two main chambers, anterior chamber and posterior chamber (Chen et al., 2018). As the renewal time of tear fluid is less than 5 minutes (Mishima, Gusset et al., 1996) ophthalmic drug washout very quickly from anterior portion of cornea. To prevail over with this issue various formulations strategies have been investigated to increase ocular drug retention. In ophthalmic formulations the suspension is better option for incorporating poorly soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients. As ophthalmic suspension improvise drug delivery by enhancing retention time of drug, thereby increasing the bioavailability of the drug. In this review we will discuss about the important parameters that are considered in the formulation of ophthalmic suspension.
Long Run Analysis between Climate Change, Socio-Economic Factors and Technology on Health Expenditure in Malaysia
Authors: Abd Kadir Nor Aziah , Marwan Nur Fakhzan , Hussin Adibah , Nizam Rosmah , Mansor Fazreena
Published: March 2022

Environmental sustainability is one of the most important agendas for a country to focus on, making societies and communities balanced and defensible. Healthy and pleasant surroundings create better production and economic growth. Many researchers have found that climate change is one of the most significant contributors to environmental destruction produced by humanity. Climate change affects the overall health of a nation. People may suffer skin irritation due to air pollution, diarrhea due to water pollution, and other symptoms. This empirical study uses an ARDL approach to explore the possibility of estimating the short and long-term impacts of climate change, socio-economic factors, and technology on health expenditure in Malaysia. The research found that GDP, birth rate, and technology significantly reduce health expenditure. In contrast, climate change and inflation increased long-term health expenditure in Malaysia. The results were superior to those of the previous study, as shown by the comprehensiveness of the ecological footprint in measuring climate change. This study may increase awareness among people and industry players about reducing ecological waste. Environmental policy should be intensified, and investment in healthcare technology should be empowered to increase human capital and reduce economic costs. This will enable the government to focus on other types of expenditure for the country's development.
El sufragio extranjero en Perú: algunas aproximaciones
Authors: Pinedo Bravo Enith
Published: March 2022

Los extranjeros pueden votar en nuestro país desde 1980. No es pues, un fenómeno reciente; tampoco es un derecho que se haya reconocido a favor de alguna nacionalidad en particular. El voto extranjero se sustenta en la importancia de la participación de las personas en los asuntos públicos, lo cual implica también el derecho de ser elegido. Cumpliendo determinados requisitos, en Perú los extranjeros pueden votar y postular solamente en elecciones municipales, y el presente artículo procura brindar una aproximación a lo que ha venido sucediendo desde las elecciones de 2010, advirtiendo el nivel del impacto generado. Con el conocimiento de que este es, aún, un tema sobre el que hay pocos estudios, se espera contribuir al respecto con este breve artículo.
Presentación
Authors: Oficina Nacional de Procesos Electorales
Published: March 2022

Este número tiene como temas centrales la reforma política y la reforma electoral, así como los movimientos sociales y los partidos políticos. Los tópicos de análisis propuestos fueron orientados a incentivar a los investigadores en materia electoral para producir conocimiento científico que permita comprender las dinámicas en las que estos fenómenos se desarrollan.
A prospective study of clinical profile and management of varicose veins in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Verma Rajiv , Kumar Bhaskar , Kumar Yogendra , Agarwal Amit
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Varicose vein disease is predominantly a cosmetic problem of the females of western world. In our country the overall prevalence is comparatively low and patients commonly present with some complications. Varicose veins have been recognized as a chronic disorder of surgical importance since ancient times. Materials and Methods: The data for the study was obtained from the patients admitted and treated in Santosh Medical College and Hospital Ghaziabad for a period of one year from September 2020 to August 2021. Patients presenting with signs and symptoms of varicose veins, who were diagnosed as having varicosities of the superficial veins by clinical examination, were taken up for the study, after explaining the nature of the disease and various modalities of treatment available. Accordingly, 100 patients with primary varicose veins of lower limbs were included in the present study. Written informed consent was taken. Various presentations, complications and treatments were noted and finally followed up for minimum of 3 months. Results: The age of the patients ranged from 10 to 75.
Comparative study of retinal ganglion cell complex thickness with retinal nerve fibre layer and visual field changes in cases of suspicious disc or glaucoma suspect
Authors: Manade Varsha , Dhavalikar Sneha , Kotecha Megha , Paranjpe Radhika
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To compare and correlate macular ganglion cell complex thickness (GCC) with retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and visual field (VF) changes in cases of suspicious disc or glaucoma suspect. Methods: A total of 60 glaucoma suspects, were included in the study group.  These patients were subjected to standard investigations for glaucoma like tonometry, central corneal thickness (CCT), gonioscopy and fundoscopy. Visual fields were assessed using automated static perimetry of Humphrey Automated Visual Field Analyser. The test used was central 30-2 SITA standard. optical coherence tomography was done using RTvue, model 100 (version 5.1) to assess retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular ganglion Cell complex thickness (GCC). Correlation of RNFL and GCC was evaluated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and correlation between GCC and VF was assessed using two independent sample t –test. Results: A total of 60 eyes of 60 glaucoma suspects, were enrolled in the study both males and females were included.
Alcance de las Políticas Educativas del Ministerio de Educación (MINED) para el Desarrollo del Sistema Educativo Nicaragüense
Authors: Gámez Montenegro Manuel de Jesús , Urbina López Josefana del Carmen , López Úbeda Karla Massiel , Aráuz Lumbí Oscar Antonio , Benavides Laguna Juana de Jesús , Romero Arrechavala Jilma
Published: March 2022

En Nicaragua los pensamientos, valores, paradigmas, y modelos educativos han evolucionado vinculados a los períodos históricos experimentados. El tránsito de Nicaragua por diferentes modelos de gobierno, ha determinado el modelo educativo en cada época, dependiendo de los intereses políticos y económicos de sus gobernantes, entre otros factores. El contexto transformador de la educación en Nicaragua parte de la Revolución Popular Sandinista de 1979, y con ella se crean de manera pionera, una filosofía, políticas y organización educativas del país. En el período actual es una práctica constante la inclusión, cobertura, protagonismo, mejora de la calidad educativa, educación integral, para apuntalar con eficacia hacia la prosperidad de Nicaragua. Una nación donde la Familia, la Comunidad, y todos tengamos mejores oportunidades de Aprender, Emprender, Trabajar y Prosperar.
“Abordamos de forma indiscriminada”: análise dos repertórios de policiamento acionados no caso centro cultural São Paulo
Authors: Zoccal Mariana Pinto
Published: March 2022

O presente artigo objetiva analisar repertórios de policiamento acionados na prisão de manifestantes do Caso Centro Cultural São Paulo, ocorrido em setembro de 2016. Exploramos problemáticas como: o uso de roupas escuras, máscaras, vinagres e kits de primeiros socorros como “indícios” de autoria e de materialidade de condutas; a infiltração de agentes do Exército em grupos de ativismo; e a atribuição de legitimidade aos protestos, a depender de elementos como as representações sociais, os repertórios, as ideologias e as pautas defendidas pelos manifestantes. A pesquisa adota estratégia de estudo de caso e metodologia qualitativa, com análise de documentos judiciais e de notícias jornalísticas relacionadas ao caso. Em síntese, conclui-se que o repertório mobilizado na abordagem policial apresentou características do modelo de “incapacitação estratégica”, e que houve uma articulação entre distintas instituições para a neutralização dos manifestantes e o posterior processamento do caso no sistema de justiça criminal.
Notes on the criminalization of social movements in Latin America: examples from Brazil and Mexico
Authors: Gomes Simone da Silva Ribeiro , Cavalcanti Roxana , Gómez Abarca Carlos de Jesús
Published: March 2022

Este artigo examina a relação entre Estados e movimentos sociais, com o foco na criminalização dos protestos no Brasil e no México. A criminalização dos protestos é um processo polissêmico, que pode ser observado nos últimos anos nos dois países, por meio de estratégias de controle implantadas pela mídia e por instituições estatais, incluindo – ainda que não exclusivamente – o sistema de justiça criminal. Este artigo lança luz sobre a perseguição de jovens manifestantes, que ganharam visibilidade nos movimentos recentes da América Latina como atores de movimentos estudantis e de movimentos sem foco geracional. O artigo analisa os protestos como eventos, enfocando a relação entre movimentos sociais, regimes democráticos e violência, que se sustenta na utilização recorrente de métodos de criminalização dos movimentos sociais em ambos os países. Esse fenômeno, concluímos, expressa a persistência de características dos regimes coloniais, ditatoriais e autoritários.
Herneenlakasteen vakavia tuhoja mutta ei härkäpavun juurilahon esiintymistä
Authors: Riesinger Paul
Published: March 2022

Vuosina 2019 ja 2020 kartoitettiin herneenlakasteen (Aphanomyces euteiches) ja härkäpavun juurilahon (Phytophthora pisi) esiintymistä Uudellamaalla, Ahvenanmaalla ja Pohjanmaalla. Näytteitä otettiin 68 pellolta, joilla hernettä ja/tai härkäpapua on viljelty toistuvasti viimeisten 10–20 vuoden aikana. Kartoitukseen osallistui 34 maatilaa. Herneenlakastetta todettiin 21 tilalla ja 38 pellolla, mutta härkäpavun juurilahoa ei havaittu. Kuinka usein voimme viljellä palkokasveja samalla pellolla lisäämättä näiden kasvintuhoojien esiintymistä? Voimmeko tunnistaa viljelykierron lisäksi muita muuttujia, jotka vaikuttavat herneenlakasteen esiintymiseen?
Ứng dụng thành công liệu pháp hút áp lực âm điều trị tổn thương bỏng sâu lộ gân, xương ngón tay ở trẻ em do dòng điện hạ thế
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Hương , Lê Đức Mẫn , Hồ Thị Vân Anh
Published: March 2022

Đặt vấn đề: Bàn, ngón tay có vai trò quan trọng về chức năng và thẩm mĩ. Tổn thương bỏng sâu ở vùng này thường lộ gân, xương và khớp. Vết thương lộ gân, xương cần được che phủ sớm để tránh hoại tử tiến triển. Vạt da dày toàn lớp là lựa chọn lý tưởng điều trị bỏng sâu vùng bàn ngón tay, nhưng khó ứng dụng cho mọi trường hợp.Liệu pháp hút áp lực âm (VAC - Vacuum Assisted closure) đã được ứng dụng có hiệu quả trong điều trị các tổn thương lộ gân, xương  góp phần che phủ các thành phần dưới da tránh tổn thương thứ phát và chuẩn bị nền vết thương cho phẫu thuật tiếp theo. Tuy nhiên, các tổn thương lộ gân xương vùng ngón bàn tay không dễ dàng đặt hút áp lực âm như một số vị trí khác trên cơ thể do đặc điểm giải phẫu vùng ngón tay, đặc biệt là ngón tay trẻ em với kích thước nhỏ.Do đó, kỹ thuật này chưa được sử dụng rông rãi trong điều trị các vùng bỏng sâu ở bàn, ngón tay trẻ em. Ở bài báo này, chúng tôi giới thiệu một trong những ca bệnh thành công khi ứng dụng liệu pháp VAC.Giới thiệu ca bệnh: Bệnh nhân Phạm Việt A., nam, 3 tuổi vào Khoa Điều trị Bỏng Trẻ em, Bệnh viện Bỏng quốc gia Lê Hữu Trác ngày 28/08/2020 với chẩn đoán 20cm2 bỏng độ V ngón 2, 3, 4, 5 bàn tay phải do dòng điện hạ thế. Bệnh nhân đã được phẫu thuật cắt hoại tử, sau đó tiến hành hút áp lực âm đến khi tổ chức hạt hình thành che phủ gân xương lộ, tiến hành ghép da mảnh trung bình. Da ghép bám sống tốt.Kết luận: Liệu pháp hút áp lực âm có thể triển khai áp dụng có hiệu quả đối với các tổn thương bỏng sâu lộ gân, xương vùng bàn, ngón tay trẻ em.
Đánh giá kết quả bước đầu điều trị tổn thương phần mềm bằng Plasma lạnh tại bệnh viện Hữu nghị Việt Tiệp
Authors: Nguyễn Hồng Đạo , Lê Văn Tuấn , Nguyễn Văn Dương , Phan Anh , Nguyễn Anh Tú , Phạm Trung Dũng , Đào Thị Minh Thu , Hoàng Huyền Thu , Nguyễn Thị Nhung , Ngô Thị Minh Thuỳ
Published: March 2022

Plasma lạnh có thành phần chính bao gồm các electron, ion, neutron, tia cực tím, các hoạt chất chứa Oxi phản ứng,… đã được nghiên cứu và có những ứng dụng nhất định trong y tế.Từ ngày 01 tháng 7 năm 2021 đến ngày 30 tháng 9 năm 2021, Khoa Ngoại 11, Bệnh viện Hữu nghị Việt Tiệp đã sử dụng tia Plasma lạnh điều trị 52 bệnh nhân với các tổn thương phần mềm (vết thương, vết mổ, loét áp lực, bỏng), mang lại kết quả bước đầu cải thiện đáng kể tình trạng tại chỗ vết thương, rút ngắn thời gian điều trị, tiết kiệm chi phí cho bệnh nhân, gia đình người bệnh.
De nuevo sobre el alcance del concepto de transmisión de empresas a la luz de la Directiva 2001/23/CE del Consejo, de 12 de marzo de 2001
Authors: Vicente Palacio María Arántzazu
Published: March 2022

La STJUE de 13 de junio de 2019 (Caso Ellinika Nafpigeia) aborda de nuevo el alcance que quepa conferir al concepto de "transmisión de empresas" a los efectos de la aplicación de la Directiva 2001/23/CE. El TJUE matiza su doctrina anterior en relación a la futura continuidad por el cesionario de la actividad empresarial transmitida; también aborda los efectos que se derivan de la falta de transferencia al cesionario de la posesión de los medios de producción necesarios para el ejercicio de la actividad empresarial. La transmisión se lleva a cabo en el marco de un grupo de empresas, siendo la cesionaria una empresa filial creada exprofeso para dicha transmisión.

STJUE 13 June 2019 (Case Ellinika Nafpigeia) addresses the scope of the concept of "business transfer" for the application of Directive 2001/23/EC. The Court clarifies its previous doctrine in relation to the future continuity by the assignee of the transmitted business activity. It also addresses the effects that arise from the lack of transfer to the assignee of possession of the means of production necessary for the exercise of business activity. The transfer takes place within a group of companies: the assignee being a subsidiary company created exprofeso for the transmission.
Protección frente a represalias a quien se opone a una discriminación en el seno de la propia empresa.
Authors: Sánchez Trigueros Carmen , Folgoso Olmo Antonio
Published: March 2022

Se analiza la protección que debe otorgarse a los trabajadores que rechazan de manera informal la existencia de actuaciones discriminatorias (que afecten a otras personas distintas) frente a la propia empresa. Considera el TJUE que solo un criterio amplificador y antiformalista permite acabar con la discriminación.

The protection that must be granted to employees who present an informal complaint regarding the existence of discriminatory acts (that affect other people) in the face of harmful policies adopted by their company will be analyzed. The Court of Justice of the European Union considers that only an amplifying, anti-formalist critera can achieve the objetive of abolishing discrimination in the most effective way.
Extinción del contrato de trabajo por causas objetivas por faltas de asistencia justificadas: cese que constituye despido nulo: discriminación indirecta por motivos de discapacidad.
Authors: Romero Ródenas María José
Published: March 2022

La STSJ de Castilla-La Mancha que se estudia, ratifica la nulidad de un despido objetivo basado en faltas de asistencia justificadas e intercurrentes de un trabajador con discapacidad reconocida (obesidad mórbida causante de una discapacidad del 37%) y sus procesos de IT estaban vinculados a dicha enfermedad. La Sala aplica el criterio contenido en la STSJUE de 18 de enero de 2018 (asunto C 270/16) al resolver la cuestión prejudicial planteada por la Sentencia del Juzgado de lo social de Cuenca (de procedencia) de 7 de marzo de 2018.

Le STSJ à l'étude ratifie l'annulation d'un licenciement objectif fondé sur des absences justifiées et intercurrentes du fait de l'incapacité 37% du travailleur (obésité morbide causant un handicap reconnu administrativement) et des processus informatiques liés à cette maladie. La Chambre applique le STSJUE du 18 janvier 2018, qui résout la question préjudicielle posée par le jugement de la juridiction d'origine sociale.
Perubahan Nilai Tukar Mata Uang dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Sistem Pengembalian Hutang (Studi Toko Lancar Jaya dan Kelompok Tani Jaya)
Authors: Imron Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Pada kehidupan seseorang tidak terlepas dari transaksi utang piutang yang melatar belakangi pemenuhan kebutuhannya, hutang piutang yang dilakukan masyarkat desa Bago dengan toko lancar jaya dan kelompok tani jaya sama halnya dengan hutang piutang pada umunya namun pengembaliannya didasarkan pada kurs mata uang dolar, oleh karena itu selalu berubah tiap waktunya, pada saat peminjam kurs dolar pada saat itu Rp.9.581 persatu dolar, dan dikembalikan di tahun 2020 dengan kurs senilai Rp.14.341 (IDR) Rupiah.  Penelitian ini menganilis praktek hutang piutang yang dilakukan masyarakat desa Bago dengan toko lancar jaya dan kelompok tani jaya kemudian dianalisa dengan akad qardh. Penelitian  menggunakan metode penelitian lapangan (field research), yaitu dengan cara terjun langsung kelapangan/lokasi penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Dari hasil penelitan ditemukan pengembalian hutang di toko Lancar jaya dan kelompok Tani jaya pada perjanjian awalnya sudah memenuhi syarat dan rukun dalam hutang piutang, namun pada praktek pengembalian hutang terdapat kelebihan pembayaran hutang yang didasarkan pada asumsi bahwa nilai tukar mata uang rupiah dengan dolar selalu mengalami kenaikan, yang mana para penghutang harus mengembalikan hutangnya dengan kelebihan sejumlah 5% dari jumlah hutang mereka, kelebihan pembayaran ini dapat dikategorikan sebagai riba qardh atau riba dalam pinjaman.
THÀNH PHẦN CÁC LOÀI CÔN TRÙNG GÂY HẠI TRONG KHÔNG GIAN XANH ĐÔ THỊ Ở THÀNH PHỐ SAINT PETERSBURG (LIÊN BANG NGA) VÀ KHU VỰC LÂN CẬN
Authors: Đức Bùi Đình , Bắc Bùi Văn
Published: March 2022

Điều tra côn trùng gây hại trong không gian xanh đô thị được tiến hành tại các công viên, quảng trường và cây xanh trên đường phố ở Thành phố Saint Petersburg (Liên bang Nga), bao gồm khuôn viên Đại học Tổng hợp kỹ thuật lâm nghiệp Saint Petersburg, Công viên Chiến thắng Moscow, Công viên Alexandrovsky và Babolovsky (Pushkin), Công viên Văn hóa và Giải trí Trung tâm và Công viên Cung điện (Gatchina). Các loài thực vật chính được điều tra gồm: Ulmus spp., Fraxinus spp., Acer spp., Tilia spp., Betula spp., Populus spp., Salix spp., Grataegus spp., Lonicera spp., Quercus robur, Aesculus hippocastanum, Prunus padus, Sorbus aucuparia, Rosa rugosa, Syringa vulgaris. Côn trùng được thu thập trực tiếp bằng tay, vợt và ống hút côn trùng. Đồng thời, nghiên cứu cũng thiết lập và sử dung bẫy đèn, bẫy màn và bẫy chặn hướng bay để thu thập các loài côn trùng trưởng thành. Tổng cộng 91 loài thuộc 27 họ của năm bộ côn trùng đã được ghi nhận. Bộ Cánh vảy (Lepidoptera) có số lượng loài được ghi nhận nhiều với 35 loài thuộc 12 họ, tiếp theo là Bộ Cánh nửa cứng (Hemiptera) (19 loài thuộc 5 họ) và Bộ Cánh màng (Hymenoptera) (18 loài thuộc 2 họ), Bộ Cánh cứng (Coleoptera) (12 loài, 6 họ) và Bộ Hai cánh (Diptera) (7 loài thuộc 2 họ). Bài báo cung cấp danh lục đầu tiên về các loài sâu hại và cây chủ của chúng tại khu vực nghiên cứu.
KOMPLEKSITAS PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA KEWENANGAN KONSTITUSIONAL LEMBAGA NEGARA OLEH MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI
Authors: Shalihah Aini , Huroiroh Ernawati
Published: March 2022

Penyelesaian sengketa kewenangan lembaga negara yang kewenangannya dilimpahkan oleh Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 melalui Mahkamah Konstitusi, hal ini masih menyisakan tanda tanya serta problematika. Di dalam Undang-Undang Mahkamah Konstitusi sendiri masih mengandung multi-interpretasi mengenai frasa lembaga negara. Tidak dijelaskan secara spesifik mengenai lembaga-lembaga negara apa saja yang kemudian menjadi lingkup kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam menyelesaikan sengketa kewenangan lembaga negara. Mengingat bahwa pembahasan lembaga negara di Indonesia itu amat luas, dalam artian tidak hanya ada 1 ataupun 2 lembaga negara saja. Tujuan dari penulisan ini ingin menganalisis tentang bagaimana kompleksitas penyelesaian sengketa kewenangan lembaga negara oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi. Metode yang dipakai ialah penelitian hukum normatif dengan mengambil pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kompleksitas dalam penyelesaian sengketa kewenangan lembaga negara yaitu dari konsep lembaga-lembaga negara serta optimalisasi dari proses penyelesaiannya. Dalam hal ini, tampaknya undang-undang memberikan keleluasaan bagi hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi untuk menafsirkan apa dan siapa lembaga negara yang dapat bersengketa di Mahkamah Konstitusi. Sehingga melalui Peraturan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 08/PMK/2006 hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi memberikan penegasan antara subjectum litis dan objectum litis dalam sengketa kewenangan lembaga negara.
Impact of Emergency Remote Education in the 2021 COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case of Higher Education Students in the Department of Mechanical Engineering
Authors: Hsu Yi-Chu
Published: March 2022

The higher education in Taiwan was forced to begin an unprecedented large-scale distance teaching emergently due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2021. This research accordingly intended to realize what the students had been experienced and the mechanical engineering at a private university of technology was investigated. There are five aspects surveyed and quantitatively their satisfying order from high to low is the following: learning resources, synchronous distance teaching, final assessment, learning effectiveness, and school equipment. Next, the qualitative data shows that most students embraced freedom and liberation at the beginning of the sudden implementation of the six-week emergency distance education, and soon discovered that the pressure of learning had become greater. Reasons include easy distraction at home, increased assignments, and relatively difficult online communication, etc. In summary, the participants have the highest satisfaction with "learning resources", although there are still students who complained that they can only access the visual classroom by poor facilities, like mobile phones (6% of the participants who cannot access computers/laptops for learning), old-fashioned computers, or no internet at home. It shows the limitations of unfair resources to online learning. Furthermore, the learning effect is the second-worst, showing that although the students have mastered the skills for synchronous remote education in the six weeks, most of them still prefer to return to the familiar and reliable face-to-face classroom, owing to the difficulties in communication, hardware, and software conditions. Finally, some suggestions for the college students to prepare for the uncertain future are provided based on the study conclusions.
The EU real exchange rates: A structural Bayesian VAR. A note.
Authors: Cuestas Juan C.
Published: March 2022

In this paper we contribute to the long literature on the real exchange determination by estimating a Bayesian structural vector autoregressive model. We aim at identifying the effect on the EU-28 RER of shock originating in its main fundamental variables, namely, current account, government consumptions, investment and real income. We find in most of the shocks that the RER moves away for long periods, proving yet again, that the purchasing power parity condition is rarely fulfilled empirically.
Determinants of party and mayor reelection in local governments: An empirical examination for Argentina during 1983-2011
Authors: Freille Sebastián , Mazzalay Víctor
Published: March 2022

This paper examines the determinants of reelection of parties and mayors in Argentine local elections during the 1983-2011 period. Using a unique and comprehensive database recording local elecion results for over 1200 local governments, we test three potential sources of variation: structural factors, polítical/institutional variables and economic variables. We find that incumbency advantage is strongly and significantly related with a higher probability of reelection. We also find some evidence supporting the economic voting hypothesis, that local economic conditions are relevant for explaining re-election of local governments. We also find that local governments where parties and mayors have been in office for a long time have greater re-election chances. Finally, we find that governments with municipal charters have lower probability of reelection. Summing up, there seems to be both economic and politico-institucional factors behind re-election rates of parties and mayors in Argentine local governments.
¿Cuán Específica es América Latina en un Mundo de Regímenes de Desigualdad Contrastantes?
Authors: Boyer Robert
Published: March 2022

Three contemporary paradoxes regarding the trajectories of inequality in North America, Europe and Latin America deserve explanations. A common socioeconomic approach is proposed and applied, based upon the concept of inequality regimes. It is concluded that the regions do not follow the same trajectory, since they have developed contrasting inequality regimes that co-evolve and are largely complementary at the world level. In the early 2010s, the more inclusive Latin American economies were the outcome of the interaction between new domestic democratic advances and the dynamism of the international economy. The reversal of the world trade and of the terms of trade shows the fragility of this modest reduction in inequality.
Reception date: February 15, 2020 Acceptance date: May 5, 2020