bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Remedy for Cough
Authors: Bedse Anjali , Nalawade Ashwini , Dhamane Suchita , Kachave Ramanlal , Wagh Vijay , Tare Harshal , Ghangale Gauri
Published: October 2023

The most frequent reason patients seek medical assistance is because of a persistent cough, despite the fact that coughing is both a crucial defensive reflex and a universal indication of health. According to an epidemiologic study, up to 40% of people report coughing. Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) and the common cold are the most frequent causes of cough, but other causes include post-infectious cough, undiagnosed chronic cough, and cough brought on by pulmonary diseases like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and lung cancer. The most common causes of cough in children are viral URTI, chronic bacterial bronchitis, and asthma. Whether acute or chronic, cough is linked to considerably reducing health-related quality of life. Patients with chronic cough commonly report sleep disturbance, nausea, chest pains, lethargy, social humiliation, urine incontinence, and low mood. Coughing may not be effective in certain circumstances (such as respiratory tract inflammation, neoplasia, eosinophilic bronchitis, airway irritation from various pollutants, airway hyperresponsiveness from infection, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and coughing without any known cause, also known as idiopathic cough). Opioidergic central cough suppressants, such as opioids, codeine, pholcodine, noscapine, and dextromethorphan, are useful when coughing is ineffective. Constipation, sedation, respiratory depression, dependence, drowsiness, addiction, and even mortality can result from prolonged use of these cough suppressants, which restricts their use in people. The proposed research project’s objective is to develop and assess herbal dosage forms that contain the widely used spice Piper longum L. (Piperaceae).
Derivatization of Proline for the Enantiomeric Separation and Estimation of D-Proline in L-Proline by NP-HPLC
Authors: Nagamalleswari Gampa , Umashankar M.S
Published: October 2023

The core object of this exertion is to progress and validate a modest, competent and explicit method for the exodus of D and L isomers of proline in a racemic mixture and limit the content of D-Proline in commercial L-Proline. This has been technologically advanced in a chiral method using normal phase HPLC on CHIRALPAK-IA (250X4.6 mm) 5 μ column. This progress advanced with polar mobile phase ethanol encompassing modifier/additive TFA in 0.1% concentration. Due to the chromophore’s deficiency in proline, proline’s derivatization has been done using fluorescent reagent NBD-Cl. After derivatization, proline has made UV detectable at 465 nm. Within run time of 20 minutes, D and L isomers of proline were eluted at 6.72 and 9.22 minutes, respectively. The technologically advanced method was validated as per ICH guidelines. Linearity regression coefficients for both D and L-Proline are obtained as 0.999. Retrieval for D-Proline was obtained at 93 to 95% range for 4 levels. LoD and LoQ for both D- and L-Proline were detected as 0.6 and 2 ppm, respectively. Hence this method is newer, modest, particular and explicit chiral method.
The search for transiting planets around hot subdwarfs
Authors: Pozuelos Francisco J. , Van Grootel Valérie , Thuillier Antoine , Dévora-Pajares Martín
Published: October 2023

The main goal of this project is to investigate star-planet interactions during the Red Giant Branch (RGB) phase. In particular, we focus on what happens to planetary systems once their host stars leave the main sequence and engulf close-in planets, presumably, perturbing the dy-namical architecture of the system. In this context, we wonder if close-in planets may survive this evolutionary phase, evolving towards a new stable configuration, or on the contrary, if these planets are destroyed and the entire system collapses. Whatever the outcome, how will this interaction alter the star and affect its subsequent evolution? Here, we search for observational evidence of transiting planets orbiting hot subdwarfs (sdBs) stars, which are direct post-RGB objects that have lost most of their envelopes. To this end, we analyze light curves from the space missions Kepler/K2, TESS, and CHEOPS to search for shallow periodic transits of close-in, previously engulfed planets or their remnants, such as the rocky cores of giant gas planets. By determining the occurrence of planets or remnants around sdB stars, we will place strong constraints on the evolution of planetary systems after the RGB phase of their host stars. This summary describes the methods, tools, and strategies used to explore the available photometric data in the search for transiting planets and establish detection limits that allow us to build planet occurrence rates around these stars.
Parameterization of general organic polymers within the Open Force Field framework
Authors: Davel Connor M. , Bernat Timotej , Wagner Jeffrey R. , Shirts Michael R.
Published: October 2023

Polymer and chemically modified biopolymer systems present unique challenges to traditional molecular simulation preparation workflows. First, typical polymer and biomolecular input formats, such as protein data bank (PDB) files, lack adequate chem- ical information needed for the parameterization of new chemistries. Second, polymers are typically too large for accurate partial charge generation methods. In this work, we employed direct chemical perception through the Open Force Field toolkit to create a flexible polymer simulation workflow for organic polymers, encompassing everything from biopolymers to soft materials. We propose and test a new input specification for monomer information that can, along with a 3D conformational geometry, param- eterize and simulate most soft material systems within the same workflow used for smaller ligands. The monomer format encompasses a subset of the SMIRKS substructure query language to uniquely identify chemical information and repeating charges in under-specified systems through matching atomic connectivity. This workflow is combined with several different approaches for automatic partial charge generation for larger systems. As an initial proof-of-concept, a variety of diverse polymeric systems were parameterized with the Open Force Field toolkit, including functionalized proteins, DNA, homopolymers, cross-linked systems, and sugars. Additionally, shape properties and radial distribution functions were computed from molecular dynamics simulations of PEG, PNIPAAm, and PAAm homopolymers in aqueous solution and compared to previous simulation results in order to demonstrate a start-to-finish work- flow for simulation and property prediction. We expect that these tools will greatly expedite the day-to-day computational research of soft matter simulations and create a robust atomic-scale polymer specification in conjunction with existing polymer structural notations.
Geometry and local environment of surface sites in Vanadium-based Ziegler-Natta catalysts from 51V solid-state NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Sabisch Sebastian , Kakiuchi Yuya , Docherty Scott R. , Yakimov Alexander V. , Copéret Christophe
Published: October 2023

Since its emergence over 50 years ago, the structure of surface sites in Ziegler-Natta catalysts, which are responsible for a major fraction of the world’s supply of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), has remained elusive. This is in part due to the complexity of the systems that involve multiple synthetic steps and components, namely the MgCl2 support, a transition-metal chloride, and several organic modifiers, known as donors, that are used prior and in some instances during the activation step with alkyl aluminum. Due to the favorable NMR properties of V and its use in Ziegler-Natta catalysts, we utilize 51V solid-state NMR spectroscopy to investigate the structure of VOCl3 on MgCl2(thf)1.5. The resulting catalyst shows similar ethylene polymerization activity as its Ti analogues. Using carefully benchmarked DFT calculations, the experimental 51V NMR signature was analyzed to elucidate the structure of the surface sites. Using this approach, we demonstrate that the 51V NMR signature contains information about the coordination environment, i.e. the type of ancillary, ligands and the morphology of the MgCl2 support. Analysis of the NMR signatures shows that the adsorption of VOCl3 on MgCl2(thf)1.5 generates a well-defined hexacoordinated V-oxo species containing one alkoxy and four chloride ligands, whose local geometry results from the interaction with an amorphous MgCl2 surface. This study illustrates how NMR spectroscopy, which is highly sensitive to the local environment of the investigated nuclei, here V, enables us to identify the exact coordination sphere and to address the effect of support morphology on surface site structures.
Quantifying and modulating protein encapsulation in guanosine-based supramolecular particles
Authors: Prieto-Costas Luis A. , Rivera-Cordero Génesis R. , Rivera Jose M.
Published: October 2023

The encapsulation of proteins is an effective way to preserve their structure and enhance their function. One exciting possibility is adjusting the protective agent to match the specific protein's characteristics to influence its properties. In a recent study, we developed a flow cytometry-based method to quantify the encapsulation of small molecule dyes in colloidal particles made from guanosine derivatives (SHS particles). We aimed to determine if this method could quantify protein encapsulation and track changes and if proteins could be tuned to bind to these particles. Our results showed that FITC-labeled proteins had apparent association constants in the micromolar range, with hydrophobicity as the dominant factor enhancing the affinities. Confocal laser scanning microscopy imaging supported these results and provided additional information about protein distribution within the particles. We also tested the feasibility of tuning avidin affinity (AVI) for SHS particles with a biotin ligand. We found that increasing the amount of biotin initially enhanced AVI binding, but then reached saturation, which we hypothesize results from non-covalent cross-linking caused by strong biotin/AVI interactions. CLSM images showed that the linker also impacted AVI distribution within the particles. Our strategy provides an advantage over other methods for quantifying protein encapsulation by being suitable for high-throughput analysis with high reproducibility. We anticipate that future efforts of using lower affinity ligands would result in better strategies for modulating protein affinity for drug-delivery applications.
Toward a General Glycosylation Strategy: Exploring the Dual Functions of Acyl Group Direction in Various Nucleophilic Environments
Authors: Gao Yongtao , Chen Wenjie , Zhao Juan , Yang Min , Zhang Yongliang , Chen Changsheng , Yao Linbin , Xu Jiayuan , Wang Fei , Zhang Bangzhi , Gu Guofeng , Tang Bencan , Cai Feng
Published: October 2023

A universal glycosylation strategy could significantly simplify glycoside synthesis. One approach to achieving this goal is through acyl group stereodirecting participation for the corresponding 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-, or 1,6-trans glycosylation; how-ever, this approach had been challenging for glycosidic bonds that require distal equatorial-acyl group direction. We have developed an approach in weakly nucleophilic environments for selective 1,4-trans glycosylation directed by the equato-rial-4-O-acyl group. Here, we explored this condition in other distal acyl groups and found, besides stereodirecting partic-ipation, acyl groups also mediated hydrogen bonding between acyl groups and alcohols. The latter showed a diverse ef-fect and classified the acyl group direction into axial and equatorial categories. Corresponding glycosylation conditions were distinguished as guidance for acyl group direction from either category. Hence, the acyl group direction may serve as a general glycosylation strategy.
Effects of Nighttime Illumination on Nighttime Trespassing and Theft: A Focus on the Impact of Open-street CCTVs
Authors:   KOREA CPTED ASSOCIATION, Park Mi Jeong , Kim Youn , Lim Hyungjin
Published: October 2023

As cities grow and develop, lighting is no longer limited to merely improving visibility in the dark and providing an environment for nighttime activities. It also plays a crucial role in preventing crimes that occur at night, ensuring safety, and reducing fear. Despite various studies conducted to clarify the effect of lighting on crime, little research has been devoted to investigating the impact of nighttime illumination on criminal activities, particularly in conjunction with open-street CCTVs. This study aims to address the limitations of these previous studies.
To achieve this goal, the study selected Songpa-gu, Seoul, as the research area, collected illuminance data, open-street CCTV data, and data on nighttime trespassing theft, and analyzed them using GIS and statistical methods. The study's findings revealed that the intensity of nighttime lighting, the number of open-street CCTVs, and the interaction between nighttime illumination intensity and the number of open-street CCTVs all had a statistically significant positive effect on nighttime trespassing theft.
These results appear somewhat contradictory to previous studies, and two explanations are possible. First, contrary to expectations, nighttime illumination intensity and open-street CCTVs might not assist in reducing nighttime trespassing theft; instead, they could act as factors that increase it. Second, the observed outcome might be due to autonomous districts increasing illumination and installing numerous open-street CCTVs primarily in areas with a high risk of nighttime intrusion and theft.
This study concludes with policy proposals related to these findings, research limitations, and discussions on potential future research directions.
Ancient Repairs on the Alexander Mosaic from Pompeii
Authors: BEŞİKÇİ Demet
Published: October 2023

Every so often throughout antiquity, cities, structures and objects were damaged to varying degrees as a result of wars, earthquakes, floods and fires, and became unusable. However, similar to the present day, in some cases it was possible to maintain their function by carrying out repairs. Traces of such repairs are visible on mosaic flooring, one of the structural elements most affected by these destructions. Since mosaics are composed of lots of small pieces, they can quickly disintegrate in any destructive situation and fall apart easily. Through the ages, the loss of components occurred as a result of not only great destruction and devastation, but also of wear due to overuse. In such cases, in order to reduce the growth of the damaged area, various repair techniques were used, and the use of the structures/spaces continued. The craftsmen doing these repairs sometimes tried to restore the floor and its decoration elements to its original appearance, and other times utilised different materials in order to re-open the space as quickly as possible. The location and dimension of the damage as well as the repair methods on the mosaic provide us with information on the techniques of the craftsmen and the practices of the period. Found at the Casa del Fauno (VI 12, 2) in Pompeii on October 24, 1831 and dated to the end of the 2nd century BC (120 BC) (Pappalardo - Ciardiello 2010: 153) the Alexander Mosaic is one of the most well-known mosaics today, as well as being famous enough in the period it was made to be mentioned in historical and literary sources. The original is preserved in the Naples National Archaeological Museum (MANN, inventory number 10020). It depicts the battle of Issus (333 BC) or Gaugamela (331 BC) between Alexander the Great and Darius III (Pappalardo - Ciardiello 2010: 154; Giulierini et al. 2020: 105). Despite having undergone repairs following the extensive damage it sustained in the earthquake of 62 AD, the mosaic never regained its former appearance. It is a rare example, as it was in some parts repaired with tesserae and some other parts repaired using mortar. Studies of the Alexander Mosaic suggest that these two different mending techniques belong to separate attempts from different periods. This article, as a result of detailed examinations, discusses the possibility that repairs made with both tesserae and mortar may have been applied simultaneously after the same destruction.
Zeytinburnu Mozaikleri
Authors: ÇÖLMEKÇİ Sırrı , KAHRAMAN Emrah , SON Emir
Published: October 2023

İstanbul’un Zeytinburnu İlçesi’ndeki Kazlıçeşme Sanat Galerisi’nin restorasyonu sırasında keşfedilen daha sonra 2017-2021 yıllarında İstanbul Arkeoloji Müzeleri Müdürlüğü’nün gerçekleştirdiği kazılarla açığa çıkarılan mozaiğin İS 4. yüzyıl ortası - İS 4. yüzyıl sonuna ait olduğu düşünülmektedir. Mozaik, Theodosius surları dışında, Porta Auera’nın (Altın Kapı) 1350 m kadar güneybatısında, Marmara Denizi kıyısından içeride 17 m yüksekliğindeki bir alanda yer almaktadır. Çok renkli mozaikte yoğun olarak tercih edilmiş geometrik motiflerle, bu motiflerin bazı kısımlarında kullanılan bitkisel bezeme unsurlarıyla meydana getirilmiş beş farklı bezeme kompozisyonuna rastlanmaktadır Bunlar; dalga ve örgü motifli iki daire içine yerleştirilmiş, merkezinde rozet bulunan sekizgen yıldız, bu merkez kompozisyonu çevreleyen birbirine geçen düğüm motifleri, iç içe geçmiş üçgenlerden oluşan dört uçlu yıldız kompozisyonu, paralelkenar dörtgenlerden oluşan sekiz uçlu yıldız motifleriyle birbirine teğet geçen dairelerin iç kısmına yerleştirilmiş karelerden oluşan geometrik kompozisyonlardır. Genel olarak motif ve kompozisyon çeşitliliği göz önüne alındığında Zeytinburnu mozaiklerinin İstanbul’da şimdiye değin var olan kısıtlı mozaik repertuarına önemli ölçüde katkı sağladığı düşünülmektedir.
Bathonea’dan Erken Hristiyanlık Dönemine Ait Bir Martyrion ve Opus Sectile Döşemesi
Authors: SAZAK Batuhan , AYDINGÜN Şengül , AYDINGÜN Haldun
Published: October 2023

İstanbul’un batı yakasında yer alan Küçükçekmece Göl Havzası, Firuzköy Yarımadası üzerinde Bathonea Antik Liman Yerleşiminde, 2009 yılında arkeolojik kazılar başlamıştır. Kazılarda İÖ IV. yüzyıl ile İS XI. yüzyıllar arasına tarihlenen, limanlar, yollar, meydanlar, su yapıları, askeri, sivil ve dini yapılar ortaya çıkarılmaktadır. Kazılarda 8. Alan olarak kodlanan bölgede bir kale kalıntısı ile çevrili alanın içinde dıştan kare içten sekizgen planlı, kubbeli ve bir kriptası olan bir yapının gösterdiği özellikler nedeniyle martyrion olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu yapıda yürütülen kazılarda, opus sectile tekniğinde geometrik bir zemin döşeme ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Ayrıca yapının kubbe, kemer, tonoz ve duvarlarında yer aldığı anlaşılan mozaik kaplamalar ele geçmiştir. Kalın bir sıvaya gömülü olduğu anlaşılan tesseraların yeşil, mavi, sarı, kırmızı, beyaz gibi doğal taş, mermer, cam ve kiremit gibi örnekleri yanında çok sayıda altın ve gümüş yaldızlı olanları da bulunmaktadır. Bu yazıda bir kısmı in situ halde bulunan geometrik opus sectile zemin döşemesinin parçaları ve döşemenin kompozisyon özellikleri incelenmiştir. Döşemenin, farklı arkeolojik alanlardaki benzer örnekleriyle karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Yapının mimari özellikleri, mozaikleri ve buluntuları IV.- VI. yüzyıllar arasına tarihlendirilmektedir. Yapının VI. yüzyılda yaşanan büyük bir deprem ile yıkıldığı sanılmaktadır. Bu nedenle yapının üst örtü sistemindeki mozaik bezemelerin dekorasyonu hakkında bilgi edinilememiştir.
Late Antique Domus of Via Dogana in Faenza: The Vestibulum Mosaic. Completion of the Restoration Work, New Methods for Conservation and Enhancement
Authors: FRANZONI Agnese , SAGRIPANTI Elena , PERPIGNANI Paola , MACCHIAROLA Michele , ZAMBRUNO Simone
Published: October 2023

This paper describes the multidisciplinary study and the completion of the restoration work conducted on an important floor mosaic from the fifth century AD. The floor, a big polychrome and figured mosaic, was discovered in the 1970s in the city center of Faenza and belonged to the vestibulum of a late antique domus.

An effective collaboration between the Parco Archeologico di Classe - RavennAntica Foundation and the University of Bologna Master Degree in Conservation and Restoration has allowed to experiment, test, and improve some methodologies concerning mosaic restoration and enhancement.

Specifically, some experimental studies regarding the use of lime mortars were carried out, in order to reintegrate the small gaps in the mosaic. Furthermore, in addition to a three-dimensional relief of the whole floor, some virtual integration proposals were created. At the same time, some information panels were proposed to integrate the museum project.

The restoration was thus a moment of study and active experimentation, that did not neglect the enhancement of such a significant artistic testimony.
A Pilot Study of Proactive Team REBOA to Avoid Delays to Definitive Care
Authors: Spalding M. Chance , Pandya Urmil
Published: October 2023

As experience using resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) has expanded over the past few years, best practices for implementing a REBOA program have emerged. Early practice was single-surgeon focused, but we have learned that a team approach to REBOA practice is common in successful programs. Key components of our contemporary team approach are defining a patient selection algorithm, uniform acceptance of early CFA access, full team training, regular case reviews, and implementation of a process improvement program. This team approach to REBOA has resulted in numerous benefits for trauma patients with, most importantly, a significantly decreased time to definitive hemorrhage control. Here, we describe our experience and outcomes as a Level 1 Trauma Center implementing a REBOA program, shifting our hemorrhage control paradigm from reactive to proactive, and subsequently improving time to both temporary and definitive hemorrhage control maneuvers.
Capacidades estatais em políticas públicas ambientais na Região Metropolitana de Natal-RN
Authors: Da Costa Silveira Raquel Maria , Bento Almeida Lindijane de Souza , De Albuquerque Neta Barros Terezinha Cabral , Araújo Fernandes Ana Vitória , Ferreira de Macedo Jaylan Marlon , Marinho Larissa
Published: October 2023

O presente artigo objetiva investigar o perfil das burocracias profissionais na administração pública nos 15 municípios que compõem a Região Metropolitana de Natal, observando a sua relação com a capacidade governamental para a formulação de políticas públicas. Metodologicamente, foram utilizados os dados da Pesquisa MUNIC/IBGE referentes aos anos de 2017 e 2018, mais precisamente observando a organização do funcionalismo público, a análise de normativos e instrumentos de políticas públicas, bem como realizada a aplicação de um questionário referente às características das Secretarias de Meio Ambiente da RMN, o qual foi respondido por secretários municipais. Isto é, busca-se contribuir para mitigar a lacuna existente nos estudos relacionados às capacidades estatais e o desempenho de municípios, uma vez que a literatura nacional já aborda a temática considerando o desempenho da burocracia de instituições federais. No tocante ao resultados, os dados apontaram uma pluralidade nas burocracias municipais, tanto na estrutura administrativa das secretarias, quanto no número de servidores estatutários e a ausência de marcos regulatórios relacionados ao meio ambiente em alguns municípios. Para tanto, destaca-se a necessidade de investigação de outros fatores que podem contribuir com o avanço da política ambiental e com a gestão metropolitana das políticas de cunho ambiental. Um dos elementos importantes é a variável de coordenação federativa em contextos metropolitanos, sobretudo, em políticas que requerem um maior nível de colaboração horizontal entre entes subnacionais.
Новая фаза октаэдрического теллуроиодидного кластерного комплекса рения
Authors: Новикова Е.Д. , Коновалов Д.И. , Иванов А.А. , Куратьева Н.В. , Шестопалов М.А.
Published: October 2023

Кластерный комплекс состава [{Re6Te8}(TeI2)6]I2·[{Re6Te8}(TeI2)4(TeI3)2]·I2 получен путем проведения реакции при 400 °С между [{Re6Te8}Te7] и I2 в запаянной кварцевой ампуле. Показано, что увеличение объема ампулы, в которой проводится реакция, более чем в три раза, при сохранении остальных условий, приводит к образованию ранее описанного кластерного комплекса [{Re6Te8}(TeI2)6]I2. В свою очередь, увеличение температуры синтеза до 450 °С приводит к образованию рентгеноаморфных продуктов неизвестного состава. Полученное при 400 °С соединение [{Re6Te8}(TeI2)6]I2·[{Re6Te8}(TeI2)4(TeI3)2]·I2 кристаллизуется в триклинной сингонии, пространственная группа Р , с параметрами элементарной ячейки a = 11.0859(3), b = 11.9021(4), c = 21.1308(7) Å, α = 79.259(2), β = 85.533(2), γ = 66.220(2)⁰, V = 2506.55(14), Z = 1. Кристаллическая структура состоит из чередующихся вдоль параметра c слоёв двух типов: i) слой, образованный анионами иода и кластерными катионами [{Re6Te8}(TeI2)6]2+ и ii) слой, образованный нейтральными кластерными комплексами·[{Re6Te8}(TeI2)4(TeI3)2] и кристаллизационными молекулами I2. В обоих слоях наблюдаются слабые взаимодействия между соседними кластерными комплексами, а также галогенные связи I···I. Слои связанны между собой через I···I и Te···I взаимодействия.
RYLANDS NÜSHALI TÜRKÇE KUR’AN TERCÜMESİ’NDE İKİLİ KULLANIMLAR
Authors: YILDIRIM Abdullah , KIZILDAĞ Süleyman Hilmi
Published: October 2023

Din, insanoğlunun yaşam tarzını, düşünce yapısını doğrudan etkileyen en önemli faktörlerden biridir. Türkler tarih boyunca Budizm, Manihaizm, Hristiyanlık ve İslamiyet gibi birçok dine inanmış ve bu dinlerin gereklerini yerine getirebilmek için tercüme faaliyetlerinde bulunmuşlardır. Karahanlılar döneminde kitleler halinde İslamiyet’i benimseyen Türkler, bu dinin kutsal kitabını anlamak için bu dönemde Kur'an-ı Kerim’in Türkçeye tercümesini yapmışlardır. Bu çalışmada, Karahanlı dönemine ait olduğu düşünülen Rylands nüshasına dayalı İlk Kur’an Tercümesi’nin ses ve şekil bilgisi açısından ikili kullanımları tespit edilmiştir. Karahanlı Türkçesi ile Çağatay Türkçesi arasında köprü vazifesi gören Harezm Türkçesi metinlerinde ikili kullanımlara sıkça rastlanılması dönem eserlerinin karakteristik bir özelliğidir. Harezm Türkçesi metinlerine özgü ikili kullanımların İlk Kur’an Tercümesi’nde de görülmesi dikkat çekici bir durumdur. Eldeki çalışmada söz konusu eserdeki ses ve şekil bilgisi açısından ikili kullanımların tespit edilerek eserin bazı fonetik ve morfolojik özelliklerinin ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda çalışma, Ünsüzlerin İkili Kullanımı, Ünlülerin İkili Kullanımı ve Ses Olayı Sonucu Oluşan İkili Kullanımlar şeklinde alt başlıklara ayrılarak ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca, ikili kullanıma sahip sözcüklerin Orhon, Uygur, Karahanlı ve Harezm Türkçelerindeki biçimleri de verilerek kelimelerin tarihî süreçteki değişimleri de gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır. Eldeki çalışmada Aysu Ata’nın Karahanlı Türkçesinde İlk Kur’an Tercümesi (Rylands Nüshası, Giriş-Metin-Notlar-Dizin) adlı eseri temel kaynak olarak alınmıştır.
GENÇ’İN (GENC/GİNC) TARİHİNE DAİR YENİ TESPİTLER
Authors: TOKUŞ Ömer
Published: October 2023

Arşiv belgelerinde Genc, Ginc, Gence veya Genç şeklinde karşımıza çıkan Bingöl’ün Solhan ilçesine bağlı Kale Köyü, Osmanlı’nın Doğu Anadolu’ya hakim olduğu Çaldıran Savaşı’ndan sonra bir idarî birim olan sancak merkezi şeklinde tanzim edilmiştir. Murat Nehri kıyısında bulunan Genç, inşa edilen barajlar ile birlikte sular altına kalmıştır. Baraj inşaatından önce Murat Tepe’de yapılan arkeolojik kazılarda Orta Demir Çağı, Erken Demir Çağı, Erken Tunç Çağı’na ait önemli bulgulara rastlanılmıştır. Asur, Pers, Büyük İskender, Roma, Bizans ve Sasanîler gibi uygarlıkların hakimiyeti altında kalan Genç’in, Iyad b. Ganm’in 638’de Amid dağlarının kuzeyinde bulunan Cebel-i Cur’u (Çapakçur) ele geçirmesinden sonra Müslümanların kontrolüne geçtiği anlaşılmaktadır. Daha önceleri Bizans-Sâsânî devletlerinin mücadele sahası olan Genç, Iyâd b. Ganm’in fethinden sonra Müslüman-Bizans hudut hattını oluşturmuştur. Selçuklu birliklerinin 1049’da Haşdiank’a (Bingöl) akınlar düzenledikleri sırada Genç’in de bu saldırılardan etkilenmiş olması muhtemeldir. Bu tarihten sonra Selçuklu-Bizans rekabetine sahne olan Genç ve çevresi, 1104’ten itibaren Artuklularının kontrolüne geçmiştir. Müteakiben Zengiler, Eyyûbîler, Harezmşahlar, Moğollar, Anadolu Selçukluları, Akkoyunlular, Karakoyunlular ve Safevîler gibi güçlerin değişik fasılalarla yönettikleri Genç, 1514’te Çaldıran Savaşı ile Osmanlılara bağlanmıştır. Osmanlılar, Genç’i hükümet ve yurtluk-ocaklık sancak şeklinde düzenleyerek şehrin başına da Süveydî beylerini tayin etmişlerdir. Farklı bir idarî birim olarak oluşturulan bu sancakta yarı müstakil olan Süveydî beyleri 1878’e kadar bölgenin idaresini üstlenmişlerdir. 1878’de Bitlis Vilayeti’ne bağlanan Genç’in merkezi coğrafî, siyasî ve askerî sebeplerden dolayı 1887’de Arduşin’e, 1918’de de Diyârbük (Sürekli) veya Darayeni olarak bilinen bugünkü yerine nakledilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Genç’in başlangıçtan Cumhuriyet dönemine kadar uzanan tarihsel geçmişinin ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır.
CAHİT ZARİFOĞLU’NUN ÇOCUK ŞİİRLERİ
Authors: ÖZGER Mehmet
Published: October 2023

Cahit Zarifoğlu; şiir, roman, öykü, deneme, çocuk öyküsü, çocuk romanı ve çocuk şiirleri alanında eserler vermiş velut bir yazardır. O her ne kadar edebiyatın farklı türlerinde eser vermiş olsa da en çok şair kimliğiyle bilinmektedir. Onun büyükler için yazdığı şiirler çoğu zaman kapalı ve anlaşılmaz olarak nitelendirilmiştir. Zarifoğlu, hayatının son dönemlerinde çocuk edebiyatına yönelmiştir. Çocuk edebiyatı alanında roman, öykü ve şiirler yazmıştır. Bu eserlerinde çocuğa görelik ilkesinden çok, büyüklerin çocukluklarına yönelik metinler ortaya koymuştur. Bu yaklaşım için “poetik çocuk dili” ifadesi kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Ağaç Okul Çocuklar İçin Afganistan Şiirleri ve Gülücük adlı şiir kitapları üzerinden Zarifoğlu’nun çocuk şiirleri üzerinde durulacaktır. İlk kitabında, daha çok büyüklerde, Afganistan Savaşı hakkında bir farkındalık oluşturmak amaçlanmıştır. Bu şiirler, bir bakıma “dava şiirleri” olarak da tanımlanabilir. Zarifoğlu’nun şair kimliği, Gülücük kitabında daha belirgin bir şekilde çocuk şiirlerine yansımıştır.
ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS IN THE PRACTICE OF TEACHING RUSSIAN AT THE FACULTY OF PRE-UNIVERSITY TRAINING OF A MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Kozlovskaya Margarita
Published: October 2023

Significant anthropogenic changes in the environment have exacerbated the contradictions between man and nature and caused the urgency of the transition to ecocentric consciousness. In this regard, there was a need to ecologize the educational process at all levels of education. The systematic introduction of an ecological component into the practice of teaching Russian at the stage of pre-university training helps students to understand their role in the cycle of nature, feel responsible to nature, strengthen the desire to preserve its riches. To implement the task, it is effective to regularly conduct environmental minutes in various forms (vocabulary dictation of an environmental orientation, analysis of similar sentences or texts, search for speech errors and their correction in a given text). The experience of using various methodological techniques presented in the article allows to strengthen environmental aspects in Russian language classes and makes it possible to draw the attention of students to environmental problems.
The Effect of Atrium on the Thermal Comfort in Buildings in Hot Arid Zones
Authors: Bencheikh Hamida , Khalida Boussebsi
Published: October 2023

The atrium is an open interior space that may be linked to the external environment; it is becoming more and more popular and a key element in the architectural design of many buildings, due to its attractive and symbolic aesthetic characteristics for the public. It is a filter against unwanted external environmental phenomena such as rain, snow and wind. A well-designed atrium can contribute towards having a significant effect on the indoor environment, affecting the comfort of the occupants. However, in certain hot and arid regions such as the city of Laghouat in the south of Algeria characterized by a scalding and dry summer, and cold winter, these fully enclosed atrium spaces with their untouched typological and architectural diversity, and due to lack of a good renewal of the indoor air, can cause considerable thermal discomfort to the occupants of space, and thermal stratification inside, especially in summer. The present work studies the impact of the atrium configuration on the inside thermal environment, for summers and winter periods, and to provide a sufficient air renewal within the atrium to ensure good air quality. As a result, a rectangular, fully enclosed, unventilated central atrium building was examined with its adjacent spaces, by a series of field measurements to study two geometric factors that have a considerable impact on the interior thermal comfort, the height width ratio (SAR Index) and the glazed coverage ratio. The impact of SAR index and glazed area ratio on thermal comfort and stratification of the air in summer and winter period were also examined.
Corrected Rock Fracture Parameters Applied to Qatari Rock Masses
Authors: Vučemilović Hrvoje
Published: October 2023

This paper is the continuation of the author's previous publications and an attempt to shed light on some of the presented propositions, therein. In his previous work, the author introduced a novel parameter for borehole rock mass evaluation, the FIC, (Fracture Index Corrected) and applied it to Qatari rock masses along with RQDC (Rock Quality Designation Corrected). This was the first case of such wide scale application of these borehole evaluation parameters. A short history is given on alternative proposals by several authors for improvements and amendments of RQD (Rock Quality Designation) since its proposal in 1963, with their authors' commentaries. Scale considerations are presented for both parameters, which are an essential consideration factor for any borehole parameter. The paper is concluded with remarks on assumed advantages and limitations of the two parameters and their future research and usage prospects. The paper is concluded with statements that Qatari rock masses are of unique type, which has not been sufficiently researched or classified by the leading world scientists in this field.
A Comparison between Natural Pozzolana and Fly Ash Replacements on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete
Authors: Aburumman Mervat O. , Al-diseet Malak M. , Mohsen Mohamed O. , Abdel-Jaber Mu'tasim , Naji Khalid Kamal A A , Abu Taqa Ala
Published: October 2023

This study investigates the effect of Natural Pozzolana (NP) and Fly Ash (FA) substitutes on concrete's mechanical and microstructural properties. Mixes containing 10 - 50 % cement substitute ratios were prepared and tested for flexure and compressive strength after 28 days of curing. Then, qualitative microstructural analysis was performed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). In terms of compressive strength, the mixes containing only 10 % replacement ratios of both NP and FA showed an improvement of 10 % compared to the plain control mix. On the other hand, all mixes containing FA could attain at least a 25 % development in their flexural strength compared to the control mix. The microstructural analysis illustrated that adding FA and NP enhances cement hydration by improving the formation of dense hydration products such as calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) and calcium hydroxide (C-H), which are mainly responsible for the performance of the improved mechanical properties of concrete.
Numerical Study on the Pull-out Behavior of Steel Fibers in Cement-Based Composites
Authors: Babiker Ammar , Abu-Elgasim Ebtihaj
Published: October 2023

The interaction between steel fiber and surrounding cement-based matrix and concrete materials is crucial in the behavior of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (SFRC). This interaction is generally measured through a single fiber Pull-out test. Considerable research has been conducted in this field. However, efforts have been largely directed to the analytical and experimental methods, whereas very limited research has been performed using the finite element method. Having an authentic numerical model, numerical parametric studies together with experiments can serve as an essential tool to enhance the understating of bond behavior. Therefore, this study attempts to numerically investigate the behavior of fiber bonds in SFRC composites. The bond behavior was investigated using different approaches of modeling bonds in the LS-Dyna explicit software. The validation of the finite element model was performed with the comparison of computed and experimental pull-out force obtained from the literature. It is shown that the validation is possible for all investigated approaches and the computation results showed a strong agreement between pull-out force and relative displacement with experimental results of previous studies. Finally, the validated model is employed as a powerful tool to simulate the bond behavior of a single steel fiber embedded in a cement-based matrix.
Ashghal Quality Assurance & Quality Control system – QSD Role in Monitoring & Reporting the Quality Performance in Ashghal Projects
Authors: Al-Ibrahim Aisha Abdulaziz A. M. , Al-Thani Aisha Abdulla N. J. , Plexousaki Effrosyni , Al-Ansari Mounera Ismail R M
Published: October 2023

Ashghal has established a robust system of quality control and quality assurance for all projects constructed by Ashghal. Ashghal Departments are supervising a sophisticated system of quality control and quality assurance processes and procedures, implemented by the Consultants, Contractors, and Key Supply Chain Partners of Ashghal projects (e.g., Sub-Contractors, Key Suppliers, and Independent Laboratories). This paper illustrates how Ashghal Quality & Safety Department (QSD) monitors and reports the quality performance in Ashghal constructed projects to ensure continuous improvement and adherence to Ashghal quality strategy, policy mission, and targets. QSD is operating as Third Party, reporting directly to Ashghal President, and is monitoring and reporting the compliance of the industry to the quality requirements defined in Qatar Construction Specifications (QCS, 2014), Contracts, Professional Services Agreements, ISO 9001:2015 Standard and specific Ashghal requirements. Effective root cause analysis carried out by the auditing team has led to value-adding activities. QSD has established specific Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for the management of non-conformities and corrective actions, to improve the performance and minimize the deviations and failures of compliance. QSD is conducting focused and system audits at Ashghal projects and the supply chain and is liaising with departments and individual projects as necessary, to agree on Lessons Learned and Actions to improve the quality of works. These activities include the establishment of consistent criteria of the qualifications and experience of the quality staff of Ashghal departments and Consultants' teams. QSD is making quarterly presentations to the Ashghal President regarding the performance of the Departments (including Contractors' and Consultants' performance) and of the Ashghal Project Managers. The established criteria and evaluation related to the quality are dynamic and reviewed/updated periodically to ensure the improvement of the Quality Performance of Ashghal Projects.
Backfilling Manhole Surround Using Recycled Concrete Waste Material
Authors: Brown John , Valsan Suvish , Vashisht Nand K , Olliver Anna , Al Mohannadi Eisa Abdulla S A
Published: October 2023

The massive development in the State of Qatar to fulfil the Qatar National 2030 Vision requires efforts to direct the construction sector towards reducing economic, social and environmental impacts through the application of more sustainable construction techniques. The Public Works Authority, Qatar (Ashghal) has acknowledged that using available domestic sources to produce quality aggregate by recycling pavements, construction and demolition waste, and industry by-products is beneficial when natural sources are getting depleted. One of the projects exploring the possibility of utilizing the recycled concrete waste as surround backfill material is Contract C853/1 named the Wakrah-Wukair Drainage Network Branches (WWDNB). This is an ongoing mega drainage project associated with the construction of 67 number of shafts and approximately 17 km of sewer pipes at a maximum depth of 48m below ground level. The proposed material would be replacing the conventionally used materials such as graded limestone, gabbro aggregate and foamed concrete. This paper assesses the feasibility of utilizing recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) for backfilling of permanent shafts whilst satisfying the requirements of the Qatar Construction Specifications (QCS). A number of laboratory tests were therefore conducted, and the proposed material was found to be of acceptable quality. Additionally, mock-up tests are scheduled to confirm the field attributes before implementation on site for shafts in non-traffic areas. Using RCA as shaft backfill is more beneficial from a sustainability perspective as it will decrease the carbon footprint by 70% when compared with using traditional backfill materials. The goal of the study is to introduce an industry-wide application which is both sustainable and economical.
Investigation of Indoor Thermal Perceptions and Comfort Temperature in Educational Spaces in Qatar
Authors: Indraganti Madhavi
Published: October 2023

We conducted thermal comfort field surveys in female educational spaces in Qatar in the autumn and winter of 2018 and 2020 – 21 and collected 324 datasets. They contained all the four environmental measurements and simultaneous thermal responses of female university students dressed in traditional Islamic clothing consisting of headgears and full-body cloaks (abayas) (mean clothing: 1.21 clo). Exacerbating the occupant discomfort, classrooms are overcooled/overheated in autumn/winter, respectively. About 89.9% respondents had no access to indoor temperature control and 43.5% had no access to any environmental controls. We evaluated the mean indoor comfort temperature as 22.9 (3.1) ˚C. In 64.2% cases, it did not conform to the comfort zone in international standards. We noted significant seasonal differences in indoor environments. Air speed was zero most of the time. Only 53.8% felt comfortable thermal sensations, and 66% accepted the environments, as against 80% in the international standards. The predicted mean vote (PMV) was significantly inaccurate up to three scale points and in 86.4% cases PMV mis-predicted by half a scale point or more. Therefore, framing the narrative around user-controlled air movement and indoor controls is necessary, so that indoor temperature can be effectively increased in autumn and lowered in winter.
An Adaptive Tabu Search Optimisation Algorithm for Solving E-Scooters Battery Swapping Problem
Authors: Masoud Mahmoud
Published: October 2023

E-scooters have become a popular mode of transportation for first and last-mile excursions in recent years. Their usage as a short-distance public transit system is commonly regarded as an efficient solution to minimise carbon emissions while also being handy for individuals on the go. The need for charging, however, has become problematic as a result of the popularity of e-scooters because it effectively renders the scooter that is presently being charged inoperable. A relatively new method being used involves swapping batteries in e-scooters rather than transferring full scooters to be recharged, reducing out-of-service time to a few minutes rather than hours. To reduce trip distances and maximise fuel economy for battery swapping operators, a system for determining the most effective path to switch the e-scooters’ batteries will be required. This paper aims to do this through the use of Tabu Search (TS) algorithm to determine the optimal number of battery swapping operators for an area and then to ascertain the most efficient routes for each operator. This method will then be compared to Simulated Annealing in order to determine which method is the most optimal for this scenario. The data used to evaluate this method was obtained from the 2019 Chicago pilot program . The results showed an adapted tabu search in the total distance travelled, leading to shorter charging trips comparing to simulated annealing.
The Impact of Land Mix-use on Inhabitants’ Social Wellbeing in the Qatari Neighbourhoods
Authors: Janahi Hameda
Published: October 2023

Health and wellbeing have been key considerations in designing sustainable environments. However, most research on built environments and wellbeing has been conducted in Western communities, with very little research in the context of Middle Eastern countries. This study aims to fill the gap by investigating the impact of the residential built environment on social wellbeing in the cultural context of Doha, the capital of Qatar. The research studied six neighbourhoods in Doha. The investigation used subjective and objective methods such as interviews and spatial models (space syntax), complemented by questionnaires and an observation survey. The data were analysed separately; however, they are thematically discussed in this research. The findings of this research broadly support the work of other studies in this area, linking public spaces with the inhabitants’ casual interactions. However, this research found that some uses have a higher impact than others. In Doha, mosques significantly influenced inhabitants’ social interaction, especially men. The social relationships between neighbours were maintained in private spaces – Majles-. Majles had low integration with other spaces in the dwelling, which ensures household privacy. Based on the findings of this investigation, recommendations are made and guidelines developed for future residential developments in Qatar and the surrounding region to ensure the social wellbeing of communities.
Physico-mechanical Properties of Sustainable Building Material Based Gypsum and Recycled Polyethylene Waste
Authors: Amina Djoudi
Published: October 2023

The economic focus in the building sector is on lightweight materials. Recycled polyethylene particles coming from plastic botteles waste can ensure this lightness and can solve not only technical problems, but also produce economic and environmental benefits. Different polyethylene particle proportions of 5,10,15,20 and 25% were introduced in gypsum mortar in order to characterize its physical and mechanical properties. Results proved the positive effect of the introducing of PET particles in the matrix of gypsum mortar, the lightening of this material but a decrease of mechanical properties was recorded comparing in to reference without polyethylene particles. This new material with promising functional properties can be used as a masonry element in a new construction or in the rehabilitation of the old building.