bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERANCANGAN SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN KAMPUNG KB MENGGUNAKAN METODE WEIGHTED PRODUCT PADA DPPKB KECAMATAN TUNGKAL JAYA
Authors: Pahlevi Muhammad Rezha , Septiyanti Reni
Published: August 2024

Kampung KB adalah suatu wilayah setara Desa atau setingkat yang mempunyai karakteristik tertentu yang mana terdapat keterpaduan program keluarga berencana dan pembangunan serta kependudukan, hal ini dimaksudkan untuk menambah kualitas hidup masyarakat tingkat kalmpung. Selain mengentaskan kemiskinan, Kampung KB juga memberi solusi terkait ledakan populasi penduduk dan juga meningkatkan potensi masyarakat agar berperan nyata serta ikut andil dalam pembangunan. Pemilihan Kampung KB menjadi sangat penting untuk menentukan suatu wilayah agar dapat berkontribusi pada program pemerintah, namun proses pemilihan yang dilakukan masih menggunakan metode pemilihan manual yang memungkinkan terjadinya human error dan akurasi pemilihan yang tidak maksimal. Dalam penelitian ini hasil yang diharapkan berupa rancangan sistem pendukung keputusan  pemilihan kampung KB dengan menggunakan metode weighted product pada dinas pengendalian penduduk dan keluarga berencana (DPPKB) Kecamatan Tungkal Jaya.
Penerapan Metode Certainty Factor dan Interpolasi Untuk Diagnosa Penyakit Kolik Abdomen Pada Rumah Sakit Qadr Tangerang
Authors: Suryadewiansyah Muhammad Kamil , Soetanto Hari
Published: August 2024

Kolik abdomen adalah nyeri pada perut yang disebabkan karena terjadi pembesaran, sumbatan atau peradangan pada organ tubuh. Sering kali nyeri pada perut dianggap sebagai penyakit maag biasa. Hal ini menyebabkan terdapat 259 juta kasus usus buntu pada pria yang tidak terdiagnosa. Sebagian besar penyakit kolik abdomen harus ditangani lewat jalur operasi, karena kolik abdomen terdiri dari beberapa penyakit yang memiliki gejala yang hampir mirip. Beberapa kali saat dilakukan operasi ditemui penyakit jenis lain pada pasien, sehingga menambah waktu dan tenaga dokter. Urgensi penelitian ini dapat berdampak pada konsentrasi dan kinerja dokter dalam melakukan tindakan operasi, serta meningkatkan resiko komplikasi pada pasien yang berujung pada kematian. Solusi penelitian ini menerapkan sebuah sistem pakar berbasis model aplikasi web. Tahapan penelitian yang diusulkan, meliputi; tahap pengumpulan data, processing data, metode interpolasi, metode certainty factor, dan pengujian. Kontribusi penelitian ini kombinasi metode certainty factor dan interpolasi untuk diagnosis penyakit kolik abdomen menggunakan 29 gejala dan 14 penyakit serta menggunakan bobot nilai keyakinan user yang disesuaikan dengan form konsultasi user. Metode interpolasi diperuntukan untuk hasil lab (Laboratorium) dan metode certainty factor diperuntukan untuk anamnesa dan pemeriksaan fisik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan akurasi sebesar 96%, terdapat 96 pasien yang terdiagnosa dengan tepat oleh sistem sesuai dengan data aslinya yaitu 100 data uji pasien operasi rumah sakit Qadr Tangerang.
Survei Terhadap Teknik-Teknik Load Balancing
Authors: Musodo Krisna Adiyarta
Published: August 2024

Penyeimbangan beban (Load balancing) adalah merupakan issu popular dalam domain diskusi system terdistribusi. Sistem terdistribusi merupakan konsep sistem otonom di mana pengalokasian data diposisikan di berbagai titik atau node. Setiap titik akan mendapatkan tugas yang dapat saja dalam pembagian tugas tersebut beban tugas yang didistribusikan tidak tepat. Ketidaktepatan ini mengakibatkan sistem mungkin akan kelebihan beban. Dalam makalah ini, kami menguraikan berbagai teknik penyeimbangan beban (Load balancing) dengan melakukan penyelesaian masalah dengan menerapkan pergerakan titik dan teknik replikasi. Makalah ini juga mempertimbangkan beberapa teknik pendistribusian beban dengan memperhatikan titik yang memiliki popularitas tinggi sehingga menjadi kelebihan beban kepada titik yang kekurangan beban. Makalah juga menguraikan konsep-konsep baru yang dikembangkan dan penting untuk beberapa teknik penyeimbangan beban dalam lingkungan sistem terdistribusi.
Implementasi Algoritme Kriptografi Advanced Encryption Standard (AES-128) untuk Pengamanan Data Berbasis Web pada McDonald’s Cabang T.B. Simatupang
Authors: Alvian Winata Arif , Syafrullah Mohammad , Irawan Irawan
Published: August 2024

Abstrak - Keamanan data atau informasi sangat penting saat menggunakan jaringan internet. Penyadapan data atau informasi dalam konteks ini bisa sangat merugikan. Keamanan informasi menjadi prioritas utama dalam era digital, di mana pertukaran informasi terjadi secara masif dan cepat. Penelitian ini menggunakan data pelanggan dan beberapa dokumen lainnya dari McDonald’s TB Simatupang. Saat ini, menjaga keamanan pertukaran informasi menjadi sangat penting. Penelitian ini mengimplementasikan algoritme enkripsi AES-128 menggunakan metode waterfall untuk mengenkripsi dan mendekripsi data dalam format dokumen Microsoft office dan pdf. Algoritme Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) digunakan sebab menawarkan tingkat keamanan yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengintegrasikan AES-128 di McDonald’s TB Simatupang sebagai solusi keamanan data sensitif dan mencapai standar keamanan yang optimal. Penerapapan penggunaan algoritma ini adalah pilihan yang tepat untuk mengamankan data sensitif di McDonald’s TB Simatupang. Hasil penelitian diuji dengan teknik pengujian black box dan dilaksanakan sesuai rencana.
Kata Kunci - Makanan Cepat saji, Kriptografi, Advanced  Encryption  Standard  (AES-128), Plaintext, Chipertext.
Penerapan Internet of Things Sistem Deteksi Banjir Menggunakan Sensor Ultrasonik dan Node MCU
Authors: Indra Dharmawan  , Imelda Imelda
Published: August 2024

Kenaikan intensitas banjir yang terjadi akhir-akhir ini memerlukan pengembangan sistem deteksi yang cepat dan efektif untuk memitigasi dampaknya. Penelitian ini mengusulkan penggunaan sensor ultrasonik HC-SR04 dan NodeMCU sebagai solusi untuk mendeteksi tinggi air secara real-time. Sistem peringatan dini banjir dapat membantu mengurangi dampak bencana. Dengan adanya peringatan lebih awal, masyarakat dan pemerintah dapat melakukan persiapan dan antisipasi lebih baik. Sistem peringatan dini juga dapat ditunjukkan kepada sistem mitigasi bencana seperti pintu air, pompa, dan lainnya. Metode prototype diimplementasikan dengan menggunakan sensor ultrasonik untuk mengukur jarak sensor serta permukaan air. NodeMCU digunakan untuk mengolah data dan mengirimkan informasi ke platform pemantauan. Desain sistem ini memungkinkan pengiriman data secara nirkabel melalui jaringan Wi-Fi, memungkinkan pengguna untuk memantau tingkat air secara real-time melalui perangkat pintar mereka. Pengujian dilakukan di lokasi banjir simulasi untuk memvalidasi keakuratan dan kinerja sistem. Hasil eksperimen memperlihatkan sistem yang diusulkan bisa mendeteksi tingkat air memakai akurasi tinggi dan memberikan respons cepat terhadap perubahan kondisi lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang sebuah sistem deteksi banjir menggunakan sensor ultrasonik, mikrokontroler dan disertakan hasilnya melalui website. Penggunaan sensor ultrasonik HCSR04 dan modul ESP8266 untuk mendeteksi ketinggiar air dan mengirimkan hasil graphic ketinggian air. Hasil pengujian sistem ini memiliki potensi sebagai alat yang efektif dalam memantau dan memberikan peringatan dini terhadap potensi banjir.
Implementasi Web Service Restful API dengan Autentikasi Personal Access Tokens dan Algoritma AES 256
Authors: Fatchur Shofyan  , Rizky Tahara Shita
Published: August 2024

Dalam era kemajuan teknologi informasi saat ini, pertukaran informasi yang akurat dan tepat dari satu pihak ke pihak lain dapat dilakukan dengan cepat dan efisien. Namun dengan semakin mudahnya dalam proses pertukaran data disisi lai juga meningkat pula risiko kejahatan didunia maya, seperti pembobolan sistem, pencurian data dan manipulasi data oleh pihak yang tidak bertanggung jawab untuk mendapatkan keuntungan pribadi, serta berdampak kerugian terhadap perusahaan baik secara finansial ataupun bukan finansial. Salah satu solusi yang efektif adalah dengan menerapkan metode autentikasi Personal Access Tokens yang dikombinasikan dengan algoritma AES-256 untuk enkripsi dan dekripsi data dalam proses transaksi, baik dari sisi pengguna maupun dari sisi sistem. Hal ini merupakan salah satu solusi yang efektif untuk menjaga keamanan sebuah sistem. Keamanan ini dapat diuji dengan berbagai cara seperti mencoba untuk melakukan encription  ataupun decription dengan menggunakan kata kunci secara acak yang di mana hasil yang diberikan oleh sistem akan selalu salah atau gagal dan juga mencoba menggunakan Personal Access Tokens secara acak juga untuk menguji ketahanan sistem yang di mana sistem akan menginformasikan bahwa user tidak memiliki hak untuk mengakses data pada sistem. Hasil Pengujian aplikasi keamanan ini menunjukkan keberhasilan dalam peningkatan keamanan aplikasi dengan penerapan algoritma AES 256 pada layanan web service yang diakses oleh aplikasi karyawan PT. 3 Consulting Services dengan tetap menjaga keaslian dan keamanan data yang disimpan pada database.
Nordiske Udkast Årgang 42 Nr. 2 (2014)
Authors: Axel Erik
Published: August 2024

Nordiske Udkast Årgang 42 Nr. 2 (2014)
Situeret psykopatologi
Authors: Brinkmann Svend
Published: August 2024

Denne artikel tager udgangspunkt i noget af den kritik, der for nylig er blevet rettet mod den ekspanderende diagnostiske psykiatri ud fra to modsatrettede perspektiver: Den ene repræsenteret ved en neurovidenskabelig tilgang kendt som RDoC, som argumenterer for, at psykiatrien skal bevæge sig ud over symptomer og finde årsagerne til psykisk sygdom i hjernen (Insel et al., 2010), og en anden repræsenteret ved en kontekstuel tilgang kendt som PTMF, som argumenterer for, at psykisk lidelse skal forstås i lyset af, hvad mennesker udsættes for i deres liv (Boyle & Johnstone, 2020). Formålet med kritikken er at formulere et afsæt for en situeret tilgang til psykisk lidelse, der overvinder den diagnostiske psykiatris problemer og søger at integrere neurovidenskabelig viden om hjernen og andre forhold ved personen med viden om miljøet. Med udgangspunkt i forskere som Thomas Fuchs, Jerome Wakefield og Dorte Gannik udfolder jeg afslutningsvis fire grundprincipper for en teori om psykopatologi som situeret, der forhåbentlig peger frem i denne retning.
(Mis)tillidens vinduer
Authors: Matthiesen Noomi
Published: August 2024

Med udgangspunkt i Løgstrups forståelse af tillid som en spontan og suveræn livsytring, argumenterer vi for, at tillid er et radikalt relationelt fænomen, der viser sig på situeret vis imellem mennesker. Mistillid opstår, når vores tillid bliver svigtet, enten fordi den anden ikke lever op til vores forventninger, eller på anden vis vækker mistanke om, at tilliden potentielt vil blive svigtet. Mistillid er således tillidens negation og kræver begrundelse. Tillid og mistillid er grundlæggende forskellige fænomener, der dog begge kun kan forstås relationelt og situeret, og dermed ikke som noget, vi bærer med os som stabile strukturer. Vi analyserer eksempler fra tillidsrelationen mellem forældre og pædagogiske professionelle i dagtilbud med særlig fokus på dagtilbuddets vinduer. Herigennem argumenterer vi for, at det er nødvendigt at inddrage et socialpraksisteoretisk begrebsapparat til at indfange, hvilke betingelser vi har for at værne om tilliden, og hvorfor mistilliden opstår. Vi konkluderer, at logikkerne i Løgstrups fænomenologiske teori og social praksisteori ikke umiddelbart er kommensurable, men de er begge nødvendige for at udvikle en fyldestgørende situeret psykologisk forståelse af fænomenet tillid.
Determinants of Willingness to Pay for Handicraft Products – an Experimental Approach
Authors:   Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw, Poland, Brzozowicz Magdalena
Published: August 2024

Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to identify the determinants of the willingness to pay for handicraft products. Methodology: In the study the methods of experimental economics were used. In Study 1, a laboratory experiment on a sample of students (N=218) was conducted; the subject of valuation was a voucher for the caricature or portrait. In Study 2, field experiments at shopping centers in Poland were performed, comprising a large and naturally diversified sample of customers (N=1664). In Study 2 participants reported willingness to pay for hand-painted ceramic mugs. In both experiments, the willingness to pay for handicraft products was elicited hypothetically as well as with actual transactions. Findings: The results indicated that in both studies WTP was higher for participants who liked presented products, as compared to the rest. Important factors influencing WTP values were also the need for the product, financial abilities and information about the artist. Moreover, some sociodemographic characteristics of respondents (sex, age and employment status) significantly affected the willingness to pay for the mugs. Research implications: The research results allowed for the formulation of some marketing recommendations. Firstly, handicraft products should be properly presented to expose their beauty and aesthetic features. Moreover, the key issue for handicraft creators is to match the design and the price of the products to potential customers. What is more, when advertising a handicraft product, it is worth emphasizing various possibilities of using the product, e.g. the possibility of giving it as a gift. Originality/value: To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study is the first in which determinants of WTP values for handicraft products are investigated with the usage of both laboratory and field experiments.
Internacjonalizacja przedsiębiorstw w kontekście osiąganych przez nie wyników finansowych
Authors:   Katedra Zarządzania Finansami Przedsiębiorstwa, Wydział Zarządzania, Uniwersytet Łódzk, Bogołębska Justyna
Published: August 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to assess the impact of the internationalisation process on the financial performance of companies. Methodology: random sampling was used, where joint-stock companies from the South American region were considered in the research sample. The empirical chapter used econometric models to verify the hypothesis. Results: Hypothesis H (There is a relationship between selected financial performance and the internationalisation process of companies) was confirmed by the model (within model). This may be due to the fit of the variables to the model and the size of the research sample. Limitations/implications: The obtained results may have been determined by the size of the research sample. The relatively small research sample may have been the reason for accepting the research hypothesis only in the within model. Originality/value: The empirical solutions developed constitute an original study on the topic of the importance of internationalisation for the development of companies in international markets.
Metody analizy danych na potrzeby audytu wewnętrznego
Authors:   UNIQA Polska, Buda Piotr , Szczerbetka Agata ,   UNIQA Polska
Published: August 2024

Purpose: The research objective of the article is to assess the effectiveness and practical application of various data analysis methods in internal audit processes. The main research problem involves the identification of the most efficient data analysis methods, their specific applications during audits, and the analysis of benefits derived from their use in building added value and increasing the efficiency of audit processes. This publication is not a typical scientific article. Due to the subject matter and limitations in the availability of literature in this area, the main goal of the authors was to present methods identified and tested in practice, which can be immediately applied in daily work. Design/methodology/approach: Empirical research supported by interviews with audit teams regarding the use of data analysis methods in selected organizations and implementation of data analysis methods for the internal audit unit of a real organization, preceded by an analysis of available literature and checking the possibility of using selected IT tools for this purpose. Findings: As a result of the research, the authors indicate the approach to implementation and use of data analysis methods by internal audit units. They discuss a selection of appropriate tools and present benefits, exemplary scenarios and procedures related to the use of these methods in the practice of internal auditing. Research limitations/implications: The publication and the proposed approach to the implementation of data analysis methods refer to the experience of the authors and research conducted by them in selected organizations, therefore, individual specificity of the organization and technical and process-related conditions of each company should be considered during implementation of such methods. In addition, the data analysis tools and scenarios indicated in the publication are selected examples and do not fully exhaust the technological possibilities existing on the market and do not relieve the need to adapt audit procedures to the individual needs and risks characteristic of respective organizations. Originality/value: Currently, there are not enough sources and scientific materials regarding analysis methods given to audit units relating to both organizational aspects and practical implementation possibilities. The methods presented in the article in a structured way indicate specific solutions and benefits related to data analysis in audit, combining such elements as approach to the implementation of this type of methods, tools possible for usage, as well as benefits and scenarios for using data analysis methods during specific types of audits. The publication provides value to audit units that have not yet used data analysis methods or used them on a limited basis. Structured implementation of these types of methods can significantly improve an organization’s internal control environment.
Wykonywanie zaleceń pokontrolnych jako istotny element mający wpływ na efektywność funkcjonowania systemu przeciwdziałania praniu pieniędzy i finansowaniu terroryzmu w kontekście nieuchronności sankcjonowania naruszenia obowiązków wynikających z ustawy AML
Authors:   Ministerstwo Finansów, Departament Prawny, Hobler-Micherska Izabella
Published: August 2024

Purpose: The aim of the article is to assess the impact of implementing post-audit recommendations on the effectiveness of the anti-money laundering and terrorism financing system in the context of the inevitability of sanctioning violations of obligations under the AML Act. Design/Methodology/Approach: reports on the activities of the General Inspector of Financial Information, typological newsletters, and reports on the activities of the Office of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority were used to conduct the study. The study of the functioning of the system was carried out using data analysis. Findings: the results of the analysis allowed us to conclude that the correct and timely implementation of post-audit recommendations allows for the improvement of system imperfections, increasing its usability. However, the inevitability of sanctions in the form of a time frame for administrative proceedings, ending with the imposition of an administrative penalty in the form of a financial penalty, has a significant impact on the acceleration of the implementation of post-audit recommendations by the obligated institutions, improving the quality of the functioning of the system as a whole. Research limitations/Implications: the conducted research identified certain limitations, i.e. a small research sample related to the number of inspections carried out by the GIFI and, as a result, a small number of penalties imposed, e.g. on banks. It was observed that this phenomenon is the result of the passage of a relatively short period of time since a major amendment to the regulations in this area. Originality/Value: the article raises the important issue of the impact of implementing audit recommendations on the effectiveness of the anti-money laundering and terrorism financing system in the context of the inevitability of sanctioning violations of obligations under the AML Act.
Advances in Ground Penetrating Radar application for estimating soil hydraulic properties: A mini review.
Authors:   School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada, Dahunsi Juwonlo , Pathirana Sashini ,   School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada, Cheema Mumtaz ,   School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada, Krishnapillai Manokararajah ,   School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada, Galagedara Lakshman ,   School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada
Published: August 2024

Information on soil water status and dynamics is needed for agricultural management, as well as engineering and environmental investigations. Water status and dynamics in the vadose zone are primarily influenced by two fundamental properties: soil water content (SWC) and soil hydraulic properties (SHP). The application of ground penetrating radar (GPR) for monitoring and estimating these properties has received wider attention and has significantly advanced in recent years. While SWC estimation using GPR has been well-reviewed over the years, SHP estimation has not received the same attention. Notably, there has been increasing research on SHP estimation using GPR in the last decade. This paper reviews the recent studies and advances in applying GPR to study soil water dynamics and SHP estimation. We compared the progress and advantages of the three techniques (Borehole, Surface, and Off-ground), identified key issues affecting their application, and noted future research opportunities. By synthesizing these studies, this review paper aims to draw attention to evolving methodologies in GPR applications for monitoring soil water dynamics and SHP estimation as good indicators of soil hydraulic resistance and how these opportunities can be harnessed to improve soil water management.
Metabolites profiling of Sapota fruit pulp via a multiplex approach of gas and ultra performance liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy in relation to its lipase inhibition effect
Authors: Farag Mohamed A. , Ragab Nermin Ahmed , Maamoun Maii Abdelnaby Ismail
Published: August 2024

Background

Sapota, Manilkara zapota L., are tasty, juicy, and nutrient-rich fruits, and likewise used for several medicinal uses.

Methods

The current study represents an integrated metabolites profiling of sapota fruits pulp via GC/MS and UPLC/MS, alongside assessment of antioxidant capacity, pancreatic lipase (PL), and α-glucosidase enzymes inhibitory effects.

Results

GC/MS analysis of silylated primary polar metabolites led to the identification of 68 compounds belonging to sugars (74%), sugar acids (18.27%), and sugar alcohols (7%) mediating the fruit sweetness. Headspace SPME-GC/MS analysis led to the detection of 17 volatile compounds belonging to nitrogenous compounds (72%), ethers (7.8%), terpenes (7.6%), and aldehydes (5.8%). Non-polar metabolites profiling by HR-UPLC/MS/MS-based Global Natural Products Social (GNPS) molecular networking led to the assignment of 31 peaks, with several novel sphingolipids and fatty acyl amides reported for the first time. Total phenolic content was estimated at 6.79 ± 0.12 mg gallic acid equivalent/gram extract (GAE/g extract), but no flavonoids were detected. The antioxidant capacities of fruit were at 1.62 ± 0.2, 1.49 ± 0.11, and 3.58 ± 0.14 mg Trolox equivalent/gram extract (TE/g extract) via DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays, respectively. In vitro enzyme inhibition assays revealed a considerable pancreatic lipase inhibition effect (IC50 = 2.2 ± 0.25 mg/mL), whereas no inhibitory effect towards α-glucosidase enzyme was detected. This study provides better insight into sapota fruit’s flavor, nutritional, and secondary metabolites composition mediating for its sensory and health attributes.
The sicariid spiders in the state of Bahia, Brazil (Arachnida: Araneae)
Authors: Andrade-de-Sá Júlia , Brazil Tania Kobler , Lira-da-Silva Rejâne Maria , Brescovit Antonio Domingos
Published: August 2024

Background

Sicariidae is a small family of cryptic and recluse spiders, with 178 species grouped into three genera: Hexophtalma, Loxosceles and Sicarius. Only the last two occur in Brazil, where 29 species are recorded, with a greater number of records in the Southeast and South regions. To date, there is no regionalized study of the distribution of these spiders in the Northeast of Brazil. We presented more than four decades of data on the distribution of sicariid spiders in the state of Bahia. Our research aimed to identify and evaluate the distribution of sicariid species in this region, characterizing them in their biomes and phytophysiognomies.

Methods

Data covers a period from 1983 to 2024, obtained from articles describing species recorded in Bahia and from three scientific collections from Brazilian institutions: Universidade Federal da Bahia (MHNBA); Instituto Butantan (IBSP); Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). Maps were produced using the QGIS 3.34.1 software, based on geographic coordinates obtained from the original literature, when provided. Species without information on geographic coordinates were georeferenced using the SpeciesLink (geoLoc tool) for the municipalities. Biomes were consulted on the georeference Brazilian institute website and the phytophysiognomies were ignored when not specified in the data of collections or original literature.

Results

We confirmed 14 species of sicariid spiders in the state of Bahia, eight from the genus Loxosceles (i) and six from Sicarius. The species were recorded in 48 municipalities, located mainly in the Caatinga biome. We recorded a distribution expansion of seven species: Loxosceles amazonica, L. chapadensis, L. karstica, L. similis, Sicarius cariri, S. ornatus and S. tropicus. There is a difference in species composition in the two regions separated by the São Francisco River, an important geographic barrier especially for small invertebrates. More than 75% of the species were registered in the east side and about 20% exclusively in the west side: L. boqueirao, L. cardosoi, L. carinhanha. This suggests the need for future studies to evaluate additional variables that determine community structure, especially considering their low vagility and reclusive behavior. Although Sicarius are found almost exclusively in the Caatinga, there are isolated records from Restinga and dry forest enclaves in the Cerrado domain and Atlantic Forest areas. This reinforces the possibility of them being able to adapt to slightly wetter environments erase colonize and survive in seasonally dry rainforest areas. Unlike Sicarius (i), Loxosceles (i) occupy a wide variety of habitats in natural, urban and domiciliary situations. Many of the records here such as for Loxosceles boqueirao, L. cardosoi, L. carinhanha, L. chapadensis, L. karstica and L. troglobia were obtained at caves or nearby areas, which appear to be attractive habitats for these nocturnal spiders.
Research on the Cognitive Situation of Pre-Service Mathematics Teachers for Teaching Evaluation of High School Mathematics under the New Curriculum Standards in China
Authors: Jia Xi , Yang Zezhong
Published: August 2024

As an important means to improve teaching quality and teaching level, mathematics teaching evaluation is an important part of mathematics education and teaching. How to use evaluation in the teaching process to effectively improve the quality of classroom teaching and promote the all-round development of students is a problem that all teachers need to think seriously. There have been many related studies on mathematics teaching evaluation, but the cognition situation of pre-service mathematics teachers of teaching evaluation has not been studied. To address this problem, this study investigates the cognition of 25 pre-service mathematics teachers on teaching evaluation through open-ended interviews, obtains the cognitive situation of pre-service mathematics teachers on mathematics teaching evaluation, and puts forward targeted suggestions for training pre-service mathematics teachers. After analyzing, it can be found that: (1) Pre-service teachers' cognition of the function, principle, and implementation strategy of teaching evaluation is not comprehensive enough, and there is a big gap with the previous research (2) Pre-service teachers' understanding of teaching evaluation is highly matched with the previous research, but there is still a certain one-sidedness, and the feasibility and effectiveness of some views need to be verified. Therefore, it is suggested that: (1) Teachers and experts responsible for training should provide more off-campus internship opportunities for pre-service teachers; (2) Pre-service teachers should take the initiative to study and research, learn the relevant evaluation methods and latest evaluation theories and try to combine the evaluation methods with the relevant contents of high school mathematics.
Candidates’ Items Responses Analysis and Teachers’ Assessment Practices in Secondary Schools in Zanzibar
Authors: Kihiyo Benedict M. , Mpeshe Saul C. , Mhando Salvatory F.
Published: August 2024

The study aimed to assess the influence of Candidates' Item Responses Analysis (CIRA) on teachers’ assessment practices in secondary schools in Zanzibar. It addressed two research question: in what ways do candidates item responses analysis influences the assessment practices used by secondary school teacher? And what are the common assessment practices applied by secondary school teachers? Guided by Item Responses Theory, which emphasizes the design, development, and scoring of assessments, the study employed a descriptive cross-sectional survey design in Northern ‘A’ and Northern ‘B’ districts in Zanzibar. The study used 80 respondents from six lower performance and higher performance secondary schools. The respondents were selected through non-probability sampling, whereas convenience sampling was used to gather data from respondents who are readily available. Data were collected through questionnaires and observations and analyzed descriptively. The finding shows that CIRA influenced teachers in preparing students for national exams with the higher  mean score of (M=3.47) and evaluating instructions effectiveness with a mean score of (M=3.31), but had less influences on assessment methods, such as portfolios and peer assessments with a mean score of (M=3.00).The study concluded that enhancing teachers' knowledge of CIRA could improve assessment practices, particularly in preparing high-quality test items and diversifying assessment methods , because teachers had limited knowledge and resources to apply modern assessment practices such as portfolios and peer assessment something which led poor performance of the students in the final examination.
Advancements in Mechanized Techniques for Sweet Corn Cultivation: A Review
Authors: Yadav Narendra Kumar , Meena Sanwal Singh
Published: August 2024

This introduction on sweet corn includes a detailed account of its history, cultivation, and accompanying technologies. Sweet corn, a variety of field corn (Zea mays) with a genetic mutation that results in greater sugar content in its kernels, was initially grown in Pennsylvania in the mid-1700s, with commercial versions developing by 1779. The essay discusses the numerous current kinds of sweet corn, which range in sweetness, color, and genetic alterations for increased resistance to pests and herbicides. The production technique for sweet corn needs careful selection of land, especially in peri-urban locations with well-drained soils, followed by comprehensive site preparation. Sweet corn is planted with precise planting procedures, seed treatment, and spacing requirements to promote maximum development and output. The introduction also discusses the employment of innovative agricultural equipment for land preparation, planting, fertilising, weeding, and plant protection, underlining the necessity for accurate and efficient farming procedures to achieve high-quality sweet corn output.
The essay also elaborates on the need of good field leveling, utilising instruments like the laser land leveler, and contemporary planting methods, such as zero-till planting and the use of pneumatic planters, to boost crop establishment and yield. Additionally, it includes numerous instruments for weeding and plant protection, including cultivators, sprayers, and acoustic devices for bird control, stressing the significance of technology in contemporary sweet corn cultivation.
A Comparative Study of Phytoremediation of Cd and Cr in Soil Using Silica-infused Brassica juncea L. and Vigna radiata
Authors: S. Bhuvaneshwari , S. Akila , M. Shankar , P. Kalpana , M. Sinduja , M. P. Sugumaran , G. Porkodi , P. Sakthiselvan
Published: August 2024

Heavy metals are added to the soil as a result of industrialization. Removing this heavy metal from the soil is a difficult procedure, and phytoremediation is an essential and effective method for remediation. Heavy metals present in the study area included are Cd and Cr. Two plants namely Brassica juncea L. and Vigna radiata were successfully grown on the soil contaminated with Cd and Cr using the Silica powder obtained from coconut husk and paddy straw is also found to have heavy metals absorption properties without decreasing the nutrient status of the soil which was observed from the study. The remediation capacity is measured using Atomic Adsorption Spectroscopy. Brassica juncea L remediates the heavy metals Cr (600≤ 560≤  450 ppm) with higher efficiency while Vigna radiate remediates Cd with higher efficiency (450 ≤ 400 ≤ 380 ppm) respectively. The accumulation rate of these heavy metals was observed in the root and shoot growth as the metal prove to be the hyper accumulators. This paper investigated the uptake of heavy metals from roots to shoots, as well as their bioconcentration and the remediation efficiency of the p heavy metals by hyper accumulators.
With the increase in Industrialization and urbanization, the pollution by heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, etc accumulates in water and soil rapidly. As the heavy metals are non-biodegradable and toxic, they accumulate in the environment causing devastation to the living organisms thereby. Few heavy metals have got carcinogenic and mutagenic properties at lower concentrations. Phytoremediation is the process by which plants are used for remediating contaminated sites.  Brassica juncea L. and Vigna radiata are found to have high heavy metals tolerating capacity. But plants that uptake heavy metals are slow growing and produce very little biomass and they uptake very little heavy metals in a short span. Silica obtained from coconut husk and paddy straw is also found to have heavy metals absorption properties. When silica is fused along with the Phyto remediating plant, the efficiency of the process increases. Silica powder is used in soil, while silica gel is made to float in hydroponics. The remediation capacity is measured using Atomic Adsorption Spectroscopy.
Leveraging Local Ecological Knowledge for Bat Conservation: Insights from a Community-based Study in the Ebo Forest Reserve, Littoral Region of Cameroon
Authors: Tataw Guilen-Noel Nghokapin , Maurice Melle Ekane , Bumtu Kamah Pascal , Nkwatoh Athanasius Fuashi , Mbi Kirensky Jerry , Agbornku Otang-Tabe Nadia , Gufara Nkirfas Deline
Published: August 2024

Aims: This study aims to examine local perceptions of bats among communities surrounding the Ebo Forest Reserve in Cameroon, highlighting the significance of local ecological knowledge (LEK) for enhancing bat conservation efforts.
Study Design: A mixed-methods approach was employed to gather quantitative and qualitative data from community members.
Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted in communities adjacent to the Ebo Forest Reserve, Cameroon, between January and July 2024.
Methodology: The majority of the respondents (59%) were from the Iboti community, while 41% were from the Lognanga community to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and engagement in bat conservation. The survey included questions about ecological significance, perceived threats, and cultural associations related to bats. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages and standard deviations) and inferential statistics, such as Chi-Square Tests of Independence, analysis of variance were conducted to evaluate the relationships between demographic factors and attitudes toward bats.
Results: The survey revealed that 100% of respondents recognized bats' ecological importance, primarily as frugivores. While attitudes were generally neutral to positive, misconceptions about disease and cultural associations were prevalent. Statistical analyses indicated significant relationships between age and attitudes toward bats, with older individuals exhibiting more positive perceptions (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The findings underscore the critical need to integrate LEK into conservation strategies to foster community engagement and support for bat conservation initiatives. Addressing misconceptions and enhancing awareness can significantly improve conservation outcomes in the region.
Spiders as Natural Pest Controllers: Insights into Their Distribution, Diversity, and Ecological Impact in Agriculture
Authors: M.P Sugumaran , K Natarajan , G Porkodi , G Gayathry , J Jayakumar , K Kalaichelvi , K Suganya , S Akila , M Sindhuja
Published: August 2024

Spiders, crucial for controlling agricultural pests, offer an eco-friendly alternative to chemical pesticides. They inhabit diverse environments, with their distribution influenced by climatic and abiotic factors. Spiders are a highly diverse group, ranking seventh in global animal diversity, and play essential roles in ecosystems as both predators and prey. In India, spiders are notably abundant in rice, sugarcane, and cotton fields, where they contribute to pest management. Recent studies have identified several new spider species, highlighting their significant but underrecognized role in natural pest control. This review underscores the need for more research on spiders for their positive utilization as effective biological control agents in various ecosystems.
Interpreting climate‐modulated processes of terrace development along the Colorado Front Range using a landscape evolution model
Authors: Langston Abigail L. , Tucker Gregory E. , Anderson Robert S.
Published: September 2015

Flights of terraces that flank range fronts throughout the Rocky Mountains record episodic stream incision over the past 1.5 Ma. Studies dating terraces in the Denver Basin along the Colorado Front Range suggest that these high surfaces were formed during glacial intervals and were rapidly incised and abandoned during interglacials. Modulation of sediment supply or transport capacity associated with climate change related to glacial‐interglacial cycles have been suggested as possible drivers for the repeated aggradation and abandonment of these high surfaces. Potential mechanisms for increasing sediment supply and transport in rivers include variations over time in sediment flux from intermittently glaciated major valleys, the efficiency of hillslope sediment transport, and the magnitude and timing of rainfall intensity and stream flow. In this study, we use a landscape evolution model to determine whether any of these processes, in isolation or in combination, is sufficient to explain the observed rates and patterns of terrace formation and abandonment along the Colorado piedmont. Cycles of channel aggradation and incision are apparent in the models when either mean rainfall intensity is varied or a glacial source of sediment is added. The models suggest that in the absence of a large addition of sediment to the streams, changes in stream power are necessary to allow channel aggradation and the planation of bedrock surfaces, and increased sediment flux from hillslopes is necessary to match observations of increased denudation rates that coincide with the deposition of terrace‐capping gravels.
Seismic reflection imaging of mixing processes in Fram Strait
Authors: Sarkar Sudipta , Sheen Katy L. , Klaeschen Dirk , Brearley J. Alexander , Minshull Timothy A. , Berndt Christian , Hobbs Richard W. , Naveira Garabato Alberto C.
Published: September 2015

The West Spitsbergen Current, which flows northward along the western Svalbard continental slope, transports warm and saline Atlantic water (AW) into the Arctic Ocean. A combined analysis of high‐resolution seismic images and hydrographic sections across this current has uncovered the oceanographic processes involved in horizontal and vertical mixing of AW. At the shelf break, where a strong horizontal temperature gradient exists east of the warmest AW, isopycnal interleaving of warm AW and surrounding colder waters is observed. Strong seismic reflections characterize these interleaving features, with a negative polarity reflection arising from an interface of warm water overlying colder water. A seismic‐derived sound speed image reveals the extent and lateral continuity of such interleaving layers. There is evidence of obliquely aligned internal waves emanating from the slope at 450–500 m. They follow the predicted trajectory of internal S2 tidal waves and can promote vertical mixing between Atlantic and Arctic‐origin waters.
Electromechanics of Ferroelectric‐Like Behavior of LaAlO3 Thin Films
Authors: Sharma Pankaj , Ryu Sangwoo , Viskadourakis Zacharias , Paudel Tula R. , Lee Hyungwoo , Panagopoulos Christos , Tsymbal Evgeny Y. , Eom Chang‐Beom , Gruverman Alexei
Published: September 2015

Electromechanical coupling in complex oxide heterostructures opens new possibilities for the development of a broad range of novel electronic devices with enhanced functionality. In this article, the switchable hysteretic electro­mechanical behavior of crystalline epitaxial LaAlO3 (LAO) thin films associated with polarization induced by electrical and mechanical stimuli is investigated. The field–time‐dependent testing of the induced polarization states along with transport measurements and theoretical modeling suggests that the ferroelectric‐like response of the LAO thin films is mediated by the field‐induced ion migration in the bulk of the film. Comparative analysis of the dynamics of polarization reversal under the electrical field and mechanical stress applied via a tip of a scanning probe microscope demonstrates that both electrical and mechanical stimulus can be used to effectively control polarization at least at the submillisecond timescale. However, the mechanical writing is more localized than the electrical one. A combined electrical/mechanical approach for tuning the physical properties of oxide hetero­structures may potentially facilitate novel memory and logic devices, in which the data bits are written mechanically and read electrically.
Biodiversity and rarity distributions of native freshwater fish in an agricultural landscape: the importance of β diversity between and within water‐body types
Authors: Ishiyama Nobuo , Sueyoshi Masanao , Watanabe Nozomi , Nakamura Futoshi
Published: September 2015

Farmland expansion is a growing threat to aquatic biodiversity. Identifying conservation priority areas in agricultural landscapes is a key issue in freshwater ecology and information on the spatial variability of aquatic biodiversity is vital for prioritization. This study examined patterns of farmland fish assemblages across various water‐body types in northern Japan to develop an effective management plan for freshwater fishes.

Water bodies were classified into five types: small lowland streams, small upland streams, large rivers, man‐made ditches, and wetland ponds, and native fishes were collected from each type. The contribution of fish diversity between water‐body types (β2) to the regional fish diversity (γ) was investigated through additive diversity partitioning. Within each water‐body type, the contributions of between‐site diversity (β1) and within‐site diversity (α1) were also examined. The assemblage composition, species richness, and rarity were compared among the water‐body types.

The assemblage composition differed significantly among most of the water‐body types, which indicated that the landscape classification was appropriate for representing spatial variations in fish diversity. Additive diversity partitioning revealed that the contributions of β1 and β2 to γ fish diversity were relatively high at 38.2% and 37.3%, respectively, followed by a 24.5% contribution of α1 diversity. This finding demonstrates that the best strategy for conserving regional farmland fish diversity is to preferentially select areas containing various water‐body types as a conservation unit.

Among the water‐body types, ditches and streams exhibited the higher contribution ratio for β1 diversity, whereas the contribution of β1 diversity was lower in wetland ponds. The differences in the contribution of β1 diversity might be attributed to human‐induced factors, such as habitat fragmentation or shrinking. These results emphasize that further studies are needed to clarify the factors influencing the β1 diversity of farmland fish to develop better management strategies for each water‐body type.

Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of Undecapotassium Bis[α‐hemipentahydrogen hexamolybdoplatinate(IV)] Dodecahydrate.
Authors: Joo Hea‐Chung , Park Ki‐Min , Lee Uk
Published: September 2015

K11 [α‐Pt(μ3‐OH)2 (μ3‐OH0.5)Mo6 (μ3‐O)3 (μ2‐O)6O12] 2·12H2O (simplified formula K11 [H2.5PtMo6O24] 2·12H2O) is obtained from hydrothermal reaction of K2MoO4 and K2Pt(OH)6 at pH ≈6.0 as described in the literature.
ChemInform Abstract: YAlC: A Bonding Chameleon with Heteropolyacetylene Features.
Authors: Kotyrba Martin R. , Cuervo‐Reyes Eduardo , Nesper Reinhard
Published: September 2015

YAlC single crystals are prepared from Y, Al, and perylene as carbon source in a Mg flux (Nb ampoules, 670 °C, 7 d; cooling to 570 °C at a rate of 2 K/h).
ChemInform Abstract: Insight into CaMgSi2O6:Eu2+,Mn2+,Dy 3+ Nanoprobes: Influence of Chemical Composition and Crystallinity on Persistent Red Luminescence.
Authors: Rosticher Celine , Viana Bruno , Laurent Guillaume , Le Griel Patrick , Chaneac Corinne
Published: September 2015

Ca1‐xMg1+xSi2O6.:Eu(0.5%),Mn (2.5%),Dy(1%) (x = 0‐0.7)‐core SiO2‐shell nanoparticles (50 nm) as well as a second series with x = 0.6 and a varying silica content of 2‐4 are prepared by a modified Stoeber sol‐gel process using an EtOH solution of Mg(NO3)2, CaCl2, Si(OEt)4, MnCl2, EuCl3, and Dy(NO3)3 to which a NH3 in EtOH/H2O solution is given under vigorous stirring (room temp., 24 h) followed by annealing in 5% H2/N2 for europium reduction (1050‐1150 °C, 10 h).
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Pressure Synthesis and Electronic Structure of a New Superconducting Strontium Germanide (SrGe3) Containing Ge2 Dumbbells.
Authors: Nishikawa Takuya , Fukuoka Hiroshi , Inumaru Kei
Published: September 2015

The title compound is synthesized from the elements at 13 GPa and 1100 °C and characterized by single crystal XRD, magnetic measurements, and DFT band structure calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Ba[CoSO]: Magnetic Complexity in the Presence of Chalcogen Ordering.
Authors: Valldor Martin , Roessler Ulrich K. , Prots Yurii , Kuo Chang‐Yang , Chiang Jen‐Che , Hu Zhiwei , Pi Tun‐Wen , Kniep Ruediger , Tjeng Liu Hao
Published: September 2015

Ba[CoSO] is prepared by the reaction of equimolar amounts of BaO, Co, and S (corundum crucible in evacuated silica tubes, 1.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Crystals in LimCsnBm+nO2(m+n) (m + n: 5, 7; m < n) Series: Noncentrosymmetric Li5Cs2B7O14 and Centrosymmetric Li4CsB5O10.
Authors: Li Lin , Han Shujuan , Lei Binghua , Dong Xiaoyu , Wu Hongping , Zhou Zhongxiang , Yang Zhihua , Pan Shilie
Published: September 2015

Crystals of Li5Cs2B7O14 (I) are prepared in a BaCO3—PbO flux from a mixture of Li2CO3, Cs2CO3, H3BO3, BaCO3, and PbO in the molar ratio of 7:3:20:1:3 (Pt crucible, 750 °C, 12 h).