bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy Recovery from Geothermal Reservoirs in the Baram Basin, Sarawak: A Numerical Reservoir Simulation Approach with CO2 Utilization
Authors: Bataee M. , Soh M. , Ruvalcaba J. B. , Hamdi Z. , Carter R. , Rajandran K. V.
Published: February 2024

In response to escalating global energy demands and climate change threats, this paper explores the potential integration of CO2 injection in geothermal energy production (GEP). The global energy sector, a significant greenhouse gas emitter, necessitates a shift towards renewable energy, and GEP stands out as a promising clean energy source. This study focuses on CO2 as an injectant, leveraging its higher enthalpy change in the supercritical state and potential for carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration (CCUS). Despite CO2's advantageous properties, logistical challenges and higher costs have hindered its widespread adoption in GEP. Enthalpy, a key thermodynamic concept, plays a pivotal role in understanding CO2 thermal behavior. Investigating the change in enthalpy concerning pressure and temperature showcases CO2's rapid energy absorption and release capabilities, distinguishing it as a viable candidate for renewable energy production in GEP. The proposed closed-loop CO2 cycling system, though limited in carbon storage, demonstrates significant carbon utilization potential. By repurposing CO2 as an injectant, back-producing it for GEP, and continuously cycling it within the reservoir, the study explores a sustainable energy generation model. Using reservoir simulation, the research assesses the feasibility of the CO2 injection and thermosiphon process. The initial pilot simulation reveals challenges such as a limited CO2 cushion and logistical constraints, prompting modifications to the injection process. The modified injection method, involving both injector and producer perforations, shows promise in sustaining energy production and reducing water production. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the feasibility and efficiency of utilizing CO2 as an injectant in GEP. While challenges exist, addressing logistical concerns and optimizing injection methods could unlock the full potential of this innovative approach, contributing to the transition to sustainable and clean energy sources.
Production Stabilisation and Enhancement in an Offshore Well Using Dual Gas Lifting in a Single Production String Using Modified Gas Lift Set Up
Authors: Misra Anurag , Gaurav Aman , Ranjan Ashish
Published: February 2024

The objective is to present a case study on dual gas lifting methodology which resulted in revival and subsequent production optimization of a shut offshore well. This well has encountered multiple stratified oil and gas sands and is completed as cased and perforated. The shallowest gas sand is compartmentalized between two production packers and has a sliding sleeve door (SSD) for zonal isolation. The bottom oil sand is below tubing and has resin consolidation for sand control. The upper completion string has a circulation SSD. The well was shut after depletion of the oil zone. Presence of shallow gas zone gave an opportunity for utilizing as auto gas lifting to revive the shut well. Considering unavailability of gas lift mandrel across the gas zone, innovative approach was needed. The well was modelled for gas lifting and accordingly the conventional jet pump was selected as straddle gas lift valve and installed across the gas zone SSD. This achieved controlled gas rate resulting in successful well revival at rates ~ 800 bopd, 1.1 mmscfd gas and 1000 bwpd. Post revival, the well produced at stable parameters for more than a year after which it started showing cyclic behavior. This behavior was attributed to gas sand depletion hence additional external gas lift support was required to augment auto-gas lift sand. The unavailability of both permanent gas lift setup on platform and gas lift mandrels in completion restricted the conventional approach of external gas lifting from surface. A new well was drilled on same platform which produced dry gas at high pressure. Gas Lift modelling suggested successful feasibility for utilizing this gas as gas lift in subject well. Another jet pump was installed in circulation SSD for external gas lifting. This augmented auto-gas lift sand and stabilized the well resulting in doubling the production rates.
System Pressure Test Failure Review from JIP REPLACE
Authors: Royet O.
Published: February 2024

For offshore pipeline, the System Pressure Test (SPT) is the traditional conclusion of the installation campaign and the final quality control measure. As a gross error final test, the relevance of the SPT was challenged by the REPLACE Joint Industry Project (JIP), which kicked off in 2019 with a total of 21 sponsors, bringing experience from all levels of the industry. The objective was to develop and issue a guideline detailing a systematic approach for the participants to enable them to replace the SPT. This is allowed in DNV pipeline standard, DNV-ST-F101 (2021) for selected pipelines with "extraordinary disadvantages", given that the approach maintains the same level of safety as if the SPT was performed. The guideline was completed and issued in 2020, and will be referred as JIP REPLACE (2020) in this paper.

One of the JIP activity scope was to collect description of past pipeline loss of containment that the system pressure test successfully detected and review them to identify the failure mechanisms and the associated root causes. This paper presents the assessment results of offshore pipeline system pressure test failures carried out as part of the JIP REPLACE. The review of 47 cases covering a period from 1976 to 2019, allowed identification of commonality in the failure mechanisms and type of triggering defects. The paper identified common failure properties and failure modes involved.

As the considered failures span over decades, the failures were reviewed against current DNV-ST-F101 revision, to confirm if the associated failure mechanism could have been detected and avoided by current code requirement.

The review of past failure during SPT confirmed that the DNV-ST-F101 would have been adequate to avoid or detect the failure mechanism prior to the system pressure test. Within the scope of the JIP REPLACE, this work allowed to identify commonality within the failure cases as well as trends along the years in regard of the type of failure mechanism. These failures cases constituted the basis for the establishing the set of prerequisites and requisites defined in the JIP REPLACE guideline. The prerequisites and requisites allow to assess suitable pipeline system candidate for system pressure test replacement, as such bringing learning from past industry project to future ones.
Effect of High Temperature in Pore Pressure Prediction - Evidence in Overpressured Shale Petrophysical Properties
Authors: Nik Kamaruddin N. M. F. , Teng K. G. E.
Published: February 2024

In order to safely access deep petroleum resources, pore pressure studies are an essential part of well design engineering and economics considerations. Predicting pore pressure may become problematic in deeper reservoirs because to extra geological processes that encourage secondary overpressure mechanisms. Petrophysical, stress, and pressure plots (e.g., depth-based velocity-density, porosity-effective vertical stress), field data (formation and temperature), and observations (stress and pressure measurements) are analyzed in conjunction with the conducted analyses. The findings indicate that temperatures between 80 and 140 degrees Celsius are frequently associated with the largest discrepancies between projections and actual observations. Because of likely intricate geological processes including hydrocarbon production, diagenesis, metagenesis, chemical compaction, and alteration, this temperature range is frequently linked to less predictable fluid characteristics and pressure. Based on field data, the estimation errors are shown and evaluated for each temperature range. The assessment of temperature-related uncertainty in pore pressure prediction as well as the discrepancies between estimated and measured pore pressure at various temperatures are highlighted in the research. For a complete and enhanced understanding of the effects of temperature and pore pressure forecast reliability, it is crucial to understand the origins of overpressure and related geological processes. To provide more insights for prompt decision making, the research proposes an enhanced technique and workflow in pore pressure prediction combined with petrophysical analysis for a range of temperatures. In addition, it hopes to stimulate industry and society to think about replication and maybe enhance the process for identifying ambiguity and boosting comprehension of pore pressure prediction at high temperatures.
Optimization of Injection and Production Parameters for Water Gas Alternating Flooding in Deepwater Oilfield
Authors: YANG Zhaopeng , LI Yunbo , LUO Qiang , SUN hao , WANG Ze
Published: February 2024

Water gas alternate flooding is a successful oil recovery method applied in mining fields. Compared with conventional water gas alternate flooding in onshore oilfields, the use of water gas alternate flooding in deepwater oilfields has certain peculiarities. Due to limited gas export in deep-water oil fields, in order to improve oil recovery and meet environmental requirements, it is necessary to inject produced gas back into the ground, using a water gas alternating drive method based on the circulation of produced gas. However, there is little research on the optimization of injection and production parameters for water and gas alternate flooding in deepwater oil fields. This article conducts long core displacement experiments based on the geological characteristics and fluid properties of the studied deepwater oil fields, and compares the effects of three displacement methods: water injection, continuous gas drive, and water gas alternate drive. Based on the results of long core experiments and PVT fitting, a mechanism model for the development of water gas alternating mixed phase flooding at the field scale was established. The optimization of injection and production parameters, such as water injection timing, pressure maintenance level, water gas ratio, injection production ratio, and water gas alternation cycle, was carried out through numerical simulation in deepwater oil fields. The results of this study can provide a reference basis for optimizing injection and production parameters for the development of water and gas alternation in deepwater oil fields.
Boosting Low-Carbon Emissions Reduction and Improving Oil Recovery - A Case Study of Gas Injection in Bohai Light Oil Reservoir
Authors: Chen Xiaoming , Ma Kuiqian , Zhang Jing , Zhang Guohao , Yang Ziyou
Published: February 2024

Gas-capped oil reservoirs make up a significant proportion of reserves in Bohai basin, thus the efficient development is crucial. Traditional strategy is to deplete the reservoir before water flooding, leveraging the elastic energy. However, under the context of net-zero carbon emissions, flare combustion is no longer suitable. How to effectively handle the associated gas has become a critical challenge for companies, and this is the main concern of this article.

Bohai Oilfield has found a collaborative development mode of water and gas injection to better utilize associated gas resources from gas-capped oil reservoirs, which has achieved good results in practice. Firstly, a long core displacement experiment was conducted to explore the synergistic effect of injecting associated gas and water on improving oil recovery, and to clarify the impact of this synergy on the distribution of remaining oil. Secondly, reservoir numerical simulation technology was used to establish a typical model, set different injection modes, and ultimately obtained an alternating injection strategy for injection wells, which helps to improve development strategies.The long core displacement experiment shows that gas injection has significant effects on increasing the dissolved gas-oil ratio, volume coefficient, and reducing viscosity and density for light oil reservoirs. Single injection of gas or water cannot achieve good vertical displacement due to the gravity segregation effect. Therefore, the coordinated development of gas and water injection can maximize the remaining oil and improve recovery. Through numerical simulation, the optimal number of gas and water injection segments was obtained to mitigate the adverse effects of gas invasion and water breakthrough. The design of the first gas injection well in Bohai was guided, and the reinjection gas volume has reached 5.8 billion cubic feet, increasing recovery by 2%.

The successful pilot of water-gas synergy development in Bohai Bay indicates a new balance has been achieved in improving recovery, reducing costs, increasing efficiency, and achieving low-carbon development of gas-capped oil reservoirs. This has important reference significance for the offshore oil and gas industry.
Research on Fatigue Damage of Suction Pile in Deep Sea Drilling
Authors: Guojing* Zhu , Jin Yang , Shuzhan Li , Kun Jiang , Jiakang Wang , Kejin Chen , Qianling Xue , Shu Jia , Fangfei Huang
Published: February 2024

In recent years, the use of suction pile foundations in deep-sea drilling operations has been increasingly adopted worldwide. Suction piles have a long service life and are difficult to maintain, so there is a risk of fatigue failure during drilling. This necessitates a study of the mechanical properties and cumulative fatigue damage of suction piles during drilling. Based on a flexible deformation model of the riser, and considering environmental load effects, mechanical analysis models for the platform-riser and the subsea wellhead suction pile foundation are established separately using a decoupling method. This allows for the analysis of fatigue hotspots in suction piles. Through the dynamic response analysis of the system, the fatigue damage of the suction pile foundation is calculated. A parametric case study is presented for a deep-water block in the South China Sea, discussing the influence of the suction pile's aspect ratio on hotspot locations and fatigue damage.The results show that under drilling conditions, fatigue hotspots are located on the inner conductor walls at the front and rear sides of the suction pile, just below the top plate. The smaller the aspect ratio of the suction pile, the closer the hotspots are to the top plate. Additionally, the aspect ratio of the suction pile has a minimal effect on structural fatigue, with fatigue damage values at hotspots increasing as the aspect ratio increases.The novelty of this study lies in exploring the fatigue damage laws of suction pile foundations in deep-sea drilling, ensuring operational safety, and guiding the design and application of suction piles in the South China Sea.
Comparative evaluation of continuous infusion versus programmed intermittent bolus techniques in erector spinae plane block in modified radical mastectomy – A preliminary randomised controlled trial
Authors: Datchinamourthy Thamizharasan , Bhoi Debesh , Chhabra Anjolie , Mohan Virender K. , Kumar Kanil R. , Ranganathan Poornima
Published: February 2024

Background and Aims:

Single-shot erector spinae plane block (ESPB) provides excellent analgesia in mastectomy in the immediate post-operative period but is not sufficient to maintain for prolonged duration. This study compares the efficacy of programmed intermittent bolus (PIB) versus continuous infusion (CI) techniques after ESPB by placing a catheter for mastectomy.

Methods:

After ethical approval and patient consent, ESPB was performed at the T4 level in 50 patients with an initial bolus of 20 mL 0.375% ropivacaine and a catheter placed 30 min before surgery. In the postoperative period, they were randomised to Group I - intermittent bolus of 20 mL 0.2% ropivacaine every 4 h for 24 h and Group C - continuous infusion of 0.2% ropivacaine at 5 mL/h for 24 h. The primary outcome was the 24-h fentanyl consumption by patient-controlled analgesia device. Data was analysed using Stata 14.0.

Results:

Group I patients had reduced post-operative fentanyl consumption {mean [standard deviation (SD)]: 166 (139.17) µg vs 332 (247.96) µg, P = 0.002} and lower median NRS scores (1 h: 3 vs 5), (2 h: 3 vs 5), (4 h: 3 vs 5), (6 h: 4 vs 5) with a higher mean (SD) Quality of Recovery-15 score {134.4 (8.53) vs 127 (12.89), P = 0.020} compared to Group C, respectively. The 24-h dermatomal sensory coverage was more comprehensive in Group I compared to Group C.

Conclusion:

The PIB technique after ESPB provides decreased postoperative opioid consumption, better post-operative analgesia and quality of recovery compared to the CI technique in patients undergoing mastectomy.
Triple injection peri-sartorius (TIPS) block for postoperative analgesia after total knee arthroplasty: Randomised controlled study
Authors: Alabd Ahmad Samir , Moustafa Moustafa Abdelaziz , Ahmed Aly Mahmoud Moustafa
Published: February 2024

Background and Aims:

Motor-sparing analgesia after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is crucial. The primary endpoint was the postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score after triple injection peri-sartorius (TIPS) block after TKA. Secondary endpoints were postoperative morphine consumption, 24-h postoperative ambulation distances and the degrees of active knee extension.

Methods:

After general anaesthesia or spinal anaesthesia administration and before surgical incision, 80 patients undergoing TKA were randomised into group TIPS (received ultrasound-guided TIPS block where 40 ml 0.25% bupivacaine and 4 mg dexamethasone were injected: 10 ml at the distal femoral triangle, 10 ml above the sartorius and 20 ml at the distal adductor canal) and group FNB (femoral nerve block; received ultrasound-guided FNB with 20 ml 0.25% bupivacaine mixed with 4 mg dexamethasone). Postoperative pain score was noted and compared.

Results:

Dynamic VAS scores were lower in the TIPS group than in FNB, while the resting VAS scores were not significantly different. Mean (standard deviation [SD]) postoperative morphine consumption was 5.82 (2.47) mg in the TIPS group (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.03,6.61) versus 9.87 (2.99) mg in the FNB group (95% CI 8.91,10.83). Ambulation distances and active postoperative knee extension in the TIPS group showed greater significance than in the FNB group (TIPS: 18.0 [7.37] m, 95% CI 15.64,20.35] vs. FNB: 8.95 [5.93] m, 95% CI 7.05,10.84) and (TIPS: 52.12 [16.39], 95% CI 46.88,57.33 vs. FNB: 26.05 [11.10], 95% CI 22.501,29.59). Nausea was more evident in FNB patients.

Conclusion:

TIPS block provides superior analgesia than FNB with motor sparing of the quadriceps after TKA.
Research on the application of data mining algorithm in photojournalism and short video communication
Authors: Wang Yidi , Zhang Yan Song
Published: February 2024

Short films and photojournalism are crucial parts of video communication, yet there are issues including poor video integration, inconsistency between short videos and photojournalism, and slow communication speed. In order to evaluate and analyse video communication, this research offers a data mining algorithm. First, the database's images and videos are chosen and analysed using a mining algorithm, and then the indicators are reduced by dividing them into groups based on the specifications for video dissemination. video transmission distractions. The mining algorithm then analyses the video propagation, creates a plan that satisfies the criteria, and refines the plans that satisfies the criteria. Analyse. The integration level, timeliness, and compliance rate of data mining algorithms for video propagation are superior to traditional video dissemination method under specific analysis criteria, according to MATLAB simulation.
Approximate control of parabolic equations with on-off shape controls by Fenchel duality
Authors: Pouchol Camille , Trélat Emmanuel , Zhang Christophe
Published: February 2024

We consider the internal control of linear parabolic equations through
on-off shape
controls, i.e., controls of the form

M(t) \chi_{\omega(t)}

with

M(t) \geq 0

and

\omega(t)

with a prescribed maximal measure. We establish small-time approximate controllability towards all possible final states allowed by the comparison principle with nonnegative controls. We manage to build controls with constant amplitude 

M(t) \equiv \bar{M}

. In contrast, if the moving control set

\omega(t)

is confined to evolve in some region of the whole domain, we prove that approximate controllability fails to hold for small times. The method of proof is constructive. Using Fenchel–Rockafellarduality and the bathtub principle, the on-off shape control is obtained as the bang-bang solution of an optimal control problem, which we design by relaxing the constraints. Our optimal control approach is outlined in a rather general form for linear constrained control problems, paving the way for generalisations and applications to other PDEs and constraints.
Spectral theory of Jacobi operators with increasing coefficients. The critical case
Authors: Yafaev Dimitri
Published: February 2024

Spectral properties of Jacobi operators

J

are intimately related to an asymptotic behavior of the corresponding orthogonal polynomials

P_{n}(z)

as

n\to\infty

. We study the case where the off-diagonal coefficients

a_{n}

and, eventually, diagonal coefficients

b_{n}

of

J

tend to infinity in such a way that the ratio

\gamma_{n}\coloneq 2^{-1}b_{n}(a_{n}a_{n-1})^{-1/2}

has a finite limit

\gamma

. In the case

|\gamma | < 1

asymptotic formulas for

P_{n}(z)

generalize those for the Hermite polynomials and the corresponding Jacobi operators

J

have absolutely continuous spectra covering the whole real line. If

|\gamma | > 1

, then spectra of the operators

J

are discrete. Our goal is to investigate the critical case

| \gamma |=1

that occurs, for example, for the Laguerre polynomials. The formulas obtained depend crucially on the rate of growth of the coefficients

a_{n}

(or

b_{n}

) and are qualitatively different in the cases where

a_{n}\to \infty

faster or slower than 

n

. For the fast growth of

a_{n}

, we also have to distinguish the cases

|\gamma_{n}| \to 1-0

and

|\gamma_{n}| \to 1+0

. Spectral properties of the corresponding Jacobi operators are quite different in all these cases. Our approach works for an arbitrary power growth of the Jacobi coefficients.
Cрезки и композиции в функциональных пространствах
Authors: Triebel Hans
Published: February 2024

Обсуждаются некоторые недавние утверждения о срезках $f\mapsto |f|$ и композициях $f\mapsto g\circ f$ в пространствах $A^s_{p,q}(\mathbb R^n)$, $A\in \{B,F\}$.
Benefits of the Constituency Development Catalyst Fund on Community Development: A Case of Bahi District, Tanzania
Authors: Issa Makwai Aziza
Published: February 2024

This study examined the benefits of constituency development catalyst fund on community development in Bahi District Council, Dodoma Region of Tanzania through the descriptive design. A sample of 76 respondents was selected out of the 94-study population which involved Development Committees members in four schools and two Health Service Committees, one from each ward. It also involved ten Cell leaders from the two wards, CDCF Committee members and Heads of Departments from the District council. This study employed the quantitative approach where a structured questionnaire was used to collect data. SPSS was used to analyze data through descriptive statistics. The study concluded that the Constituency Development Catalyst Fund has been supporting and funding health facilities in different areas of the country. It has been a tool for Women and Youth empowerment. Due to such encouraging results, CDCF should continue funding community’s project as intentionally designed.
GEODESIC E-INVEX SETS AND GEODESIC E-PREINVEX FUNCTIONS ON RIEMANNIAN MANIFOLDS
Authors:   Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch. Iran, AMIRSHEKARI ZEYNAB , MOHEBI HOSSEIN ,   Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we first introduce two new classes of sets and functions called geodesic E-invex sets and geodesic E-preinvex functions on a Riemannian manifold, respectively. Moreover, we present the definition and properties of geodesic E-quasi-preinvex functions on Riemannian manifolds. Finally, we investigate the properties and characterizations of these two classes of sets and functions.
On the Structure of Some Types of Higher Derivations
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Kashmar Higher Education Institute, Iran, HOSSEINI AMIN , UR REHMAN NADEEM ,   Department of Mathematics, Aligarh Muslim University, India
Published: February 2024

In this paper we introduce the concepts of higher {Lgn , Rhn }-derivation, higher {gn, hn}-derivation and Jordan higher {gn, hn}-derivation. Then we give a characterization of higher {Lgn , Rhn }-derivations and higher {gn, hn}-derivations in terms of {Lg, Rh}-derivations and {g, h}-derivations, respectively. Using this result, we prove that every Jordan higher {gn, hn}-derivation on a semiprime algebra is a higher {gn, hn}-derivation. In addition, we show that every Jordan higher {gn, hn}- derivation of the tensor product of a semiprime algebra and a commutative algebra is a higher {gn, hn}-derivation. Moreover, we show that there is a one to one correspondence between the set of all higher {Lgn , Rhn }-derivations and the set of all sequences of {LGn , RHn }-derivations. Also, it is presented that if A is a unital algebra and {fn} is a generalized higher derivation associated with a sequence {dn} of linear mappings, then {dn} is a higher derivation. Some other related results are also discussed.
Some Properties of New Hypergeometric Functions in Four Variables
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Aden University, Yemen, BIN-SAAD MAGED G. , YOUNIS JIHAD A. ,   Department of Mathematics, Aden University, Yemen, NISAR KOTTAKKARAN S. ,   College of Arts and Science, Wadi Aldawaser, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we introduce ten new quadruple hypergeometric series. We also obtain their various properties such that integral representations, fractional derivatives, N-fractional connections, operational relations and generating functions.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA MOTIVASI KERJA PERAWAT DENGAN KEPUASAN KERJA PERAWAT DI CHARITAS HOSPITAL KENTEN
Authors: Parhusip Fenina Silvia , Hastuti Sri Oktri
Published: February 2024

Motivasi merupakan suatu kekuatan potensial dalam pribadi individu dan yang dikembangkan dari dalam diri sendiri (intrinsik) atau dari luar diri sendiri (Ekstrinsik), hal ini tergantung dari diri sendiri serta bagaimana menghadapi kondisi dan situasi tertentu yang dihadapi. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi Kepuasan kerja adalah motivasi kerja. Kepuasan kerja perawat relevan dengan peningkatan kinerja serta produktivitas dalam melakukan asuhan keperawatan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara motivasi kerja dengan kepuasan kerja perawat di Charitas Hospital Kenten. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 47 orang perawat. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu total sampling, semua perawat menjadi sampel. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah instrument baku, untuk kuisioner motivasi menggunakan kuisioner teori Herzberg yang diadopsi dan dimodifikasi dari Sudariani, 2016 dan kuisioner kepuasan menggunakan yang telah dialih bahasakan dari Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) oleh Haryanti, 2014. Metode analisis data menggunakan Chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara motivasi kerja dengan kepuasan kerja perawat Charitas Hospital Kenten dengan nilai p-value 0.000 nilai p < 0,05. Motivasi kerja yang baik dapat meningkatkan kepuasan kerja yang baik pula
Arrested Corneal Flattening and Low Astigmatism as Stable Trends Over Decades in Danish Ex-preterms
Authors: Al-Abaiji Hajer Ahmad
Published: February 2024

Background: Based on Danish cohort studies over half a century, to look for changes over time of corneal shape in childhood (curvature and astigmatism) in surviving Preterms (PT).

Methods: In the most recent study 178 PT and 56 Full-Term (FT) children underwent cycloplegic Retinomax autokerato-refractometry at age 4-5 years. PT was subdivided according to the presence and severity of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)

Results: The PT children had either no ROP (n = 99), reversible ROP (n = 47) or laser treated ROP (n =32) and presented median refractive values of 1.5 D, 1.8 D and 1.1 D, respectively, versus 1.3 D in controls (P<0.05). The corresponding mean values for corneal Curvature Radius (CR) were 7.59±0.27 mm, 7.60±0.28 mm and 7.46±0.28 mm, compared with 7.79 ± 0.23 mm for FT (P<0.0001). As added analyses, CR was significantly correlated to birth weight (P<0.001) but not to gestational age (P=0.14). CR and astigmatism did not correlate with refraction. Corneal Astigmatism (CA) was of normal low order (cylinder mainly < 1 D) and with no difference between the two main groups. Within the PT group, treated ROP had a higher median cylinder and a top-value of -2.25 D.

Conclusion: The stable anterior segment features over time contributed optically to occasional myopia of prematurity but did not explain it. Comparing with previous Danish PT investigations over 5 decades, a steeper cornea and low degree astigmatism remained hallmarks of PT, although with a slight impact suggested for the most advanced ROP.
BÜVEYHÎ EMÎRİ BAHTİYAR İZZÜDDEVLE’NİN TÜRKLERLE MÜNASEBETLERİ
Authors: ÖMÜR Emre , BULDUK Üçler
Published: February 2024

Türkler tarih boyunca muhtelif coğrafyalarda bulunmuş ve bu coğrafyalarda siyasî, kültürel, dinî, iktisadî ve askerî bakımdan iz bırakmışlardır. Türklerin gulâm olarak bölgeye sistemli şekilde ilk gelişleri Abbâsî hilafetinin idaresinde olurken, bu durum Irak’ı bizzat yöneten Büveyhî döneminde de devam etmiştir. Onlar Müizzüddevle döneminden itibaren orduda varlığını güçlü şekilde hissettirmiş, Sebük Tegin gibi önemli bir lider çıkartmayı başarmışlardı. Müizzüddevle ile birlikte Irak’a gelmiş olan Sebük Tegin, onun döneminde hâciblik ve sipehsâlârlık görevlerinde bulunmuş, yine aynı dönemde devlet idaresinde emîrin ortaklarından biri haline gelmişti. Sebük Tegin’in yükselişine paralel olarak Türkler de Büveyhî Devleti’nde çeşitli görevler üstlenirken, Müizzüddevle’nin hayatını kaybetmesi tüm dengeleri kısa sürede değiştirdi. Devletin yeni idarecisi Bahtiyar İzzüddevle Türklerle anlaşamadığı için, bir süre sürüncemede devam eden ilişkiler nihayetinde çatışmaya dönüştü. Bu çatışmalar esnasında etrafına Deylemlileri alan emîr, Türkler açısından bölgenin kaderinin bir süreliğine de olsa değişmesine neden oldu. Biz de bu bilgilerden yola çıkarak, Türklerin Büveyhî liderlerinden Bahtiyâr İzzüddevle dönemindeki durumlarını kronolojik bir biçimde aktardık. Çalışmanın maksadı, Bahtiyar İzzüddevle döneminde görev almış Türklerin faaliyetlerini göstermek ve izah etmektir.
Congenital arteriovenous fistula in a Basset Hound – case report
Authors: Cressoni Elthon Silveira , Valeriano dos Santos Roberta , Bortolini Zara , Maia Filho Alfredo
Published: February 2024

An arteriovenous fistula is an abnormal and permanent communication between an artery and a vein, which leads to venous dilation and consequent stagnation of blood, increased local pressure, edema and impairment of tissue nutrition. We here report the case of a basset hound puppy that was referred for cardiovascular evaluation due to a persistent edema of the left forelimb. After completion of the electrocardiogram, a decrease in heart rate was observed upon vascular compression of the limb (Nicoladoni-Branham positive), which is common in patients with arteriovenous fistula. The patient was submitted to an angiography, which confirmed the presumptive diagnostic of multiple arteriovenous fistulas from the brachial artery. Due to the complexity of the fistulas, a treatment with diosmin and flavonoids was instituted to decrease the edema and prevent skin ulcerations, providing an improvement in life quality to the patient.
Barreras psicológicas en el desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa del idioma inglés
Authors: Quishpe Hipo Luis Armando
Published: February 2024

Introducción: niveles altos de ansiedad, inhibición, temor, miedo, tristeza constituyen barreras psicológicas que obstaculizan el proceso de aprendizaje; mientras que, niveles altos de autoestima y motivación permiten alcanzar un eficiente dominio de competencias comunicativas de idiomas extranjeros. Objetivo: identificar las barreras psicológicas que obstaculizan la adquisición de competencias comunicativas en inglés en estudiantes de bachillerato de los colegios públicos de la parroquia Tulcán, provincia del Carchi, Ecuador. Métodos: se trata de un estudio descriptivo, transversal. Del universo de estudio conformado por 827 estudiante se seleccionó una muestra mediante muestreo estratificado, además de los 11 docentes de inglés. La información se recolectó a través de un cuestionario, cuya confiabilidad se evaluó a través del coeficiente α de Cronbach, los que mostraron que que el cuestionario es altamente confiable (docentes: α = 0.98; estudiantes: α = 0.99). Los datos se procesaron a través hojas de cálculo y se analizaron aplicando técnicas de estadística descriptiva. Resultados: la muestra incluyó 11 docentes y 270 estudiantes. Las barreras psicológicas que influeyen en el aprendizaje del idioma inglés son la ansiedad ante el idioma, el miedo al fracaso escolar y el temor a cometer errores. Conclusión: el presente estudio pone de manifiesto que las emociones negativas siguen presentes en el aula de inglés, las cuales obstaculizan el proceso de aprendizaje del idioma.
Caracterización de la muerte materna en la provincia de Chimborazo 2013 – 2017
Authors: Inca Ruiz Gerardo Patricio , Vinueza Orozco Mercedes Gabriela , León Insuasty Mayra Carola
Published: February 2024

Introducción: la muerte materna es un indicador que permite medir el desarrollo social de un país, y tiene un gran impacto a nivel familiar y social.  Objetivo: el presente estudio caracteriza las muertes maternas ocurridas en la provincia de Chimborazo desde el 2013 al 2017, con la finalidad de que los resultados contribuyan al diseño de estrategias y actividades que permitan mejorar este indicador negativo. Metodología: se partió de la información entregada por el proceso de Vigilancia de la Salud Pública de la Coordinación Zonal de Salud 3, así como de los datos del Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INEC) sobre nacidos vivos en los años de estudio.  Se consideró sólo las muertes maternas directas. Resultados: las principales causas de muerte materna se deben a hemorragia, trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo y sepsis.  Se presentan con más frecuencia en instituciones de salud, población indígena y rural, relacionadas con la primera y tercera demora. Conclusiones: realizar capacitaciones permanentes de los profesionales de los establecimientos, así como en la comunidad para que se reconozcan oportunamente los signos de peligro.
Uso de biomarcadores e introducción a la genómica y proteómica clínica para predecir parto pretérmino y rotura prematura de membranas
Authors: Naranjo Logroño Iván Enrique , Naranjo Coronel Anthony Alfonso , Herrera Abarca Jessica Magali , Cuzco Macías Ashley Carolina , Pérez Jarrín Nashaly Ángela
Published: February 2024

Introducción: la rotura prematura de membranas fetales ocurre espontáneamente antes del inicio del trabajo de parto, de igual manera, el parto pretérmino es el nacimiento que sobreviene antes de las 37 semanas de gestación. Objetivo: determinar la utilidad de biomarcadores como predictores de parto pretérmino y rotura prematura de membranas y la manera en el que pueden intervenir la genómica y proteómica clínica para favorecer la predicción de los mismos. Metodología: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sistemática en los buscadores: LILACS, CINAHL, COCHRANE, EBSCO, MEDLINE, SCIELO, SCOPUS y PUBMED. Además, se empleó el método analítico optando por la comparación de datos obtenidos mediante un análisis de la aplicación de los biomarcadores. Resultados: se encontraron 45 fuentes bibliográficas, de las cuales se utilizaron 33 artículos científicos relevantes, y se excluyeron 12 debido a que no cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Discusión: existen diferentes biomarcadores que podrían permitir la predicción de parto pretérmino y la rotura prematura de membranas. Los avances de la genómica y proteómica clínica identifican en su mayoría proteínas que presentan diferentes tipos de expansiones en forma de patrones dependiendo del tiempo y de las células que brindan así información genética. Conclusiones: la genómica y la proteómica clínica podrían ser de utilidad a la prevención de las complicaciones asociadas al parto pretérmino y rotura prematura de membranas, debido a sus grandes aportes y nuevos conocimientos en la medicina materno-fetal.
Relación de la duración del sueño y rendimiento académico en alumnos de la Unidad de Admisión y Nivelación
Authors: Santillán Mancero Eulalia Teresita , Segovia Cáceres Susana Monserrat , Saigua Pérez Víctor Santiago
Published: February 2024

Introducción: El sueño es un estado fisiológico necesario para mantener la calidad de vida del ser humano, además influye en los procesos cognitivos como el aprendizaje y la consolidación de la memoria de largo plazo. Objetivo: Estudiar la relación entre el tiempo que dedica el estudiante a dormir y su rendimiento académico. Metodología: La muestra incluyó alumnos que asisten a la Unidad de Admisión y Nivelación de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (n = 384) a quienes se aplicó la Escala de Somnolencia de Epworth a través de un instrumento construido para el efecto. Se aplicó correlación de Pearson para determinar la correlación entre las variables. Resultados: Los estudiantes en su mayoría se encuentran en edades entre 18 y 20 años, son de sexo masculino, de otras ciudades del país y un gran porcentaje de ellos vive solo. El 71% duerme ≤ 6 horas y el 37% tiene bajo rendimiento académico. Se determina una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre horas de sueño y rendimiento académico (r = 0.68, R2 = 52%, p < 0.001). Por cada hora de sueño, el rendimiento académico mejora en 0.86 puntos. Conclusiones: Al incrementar las horas de sueño el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes es mejor. Otras variables de carácter personal, familiar, económico, así como capacidad y dedicación al aprendizaje podrían además tener influencia.
Uso de simuladores de miembro superior para aprendizaje de técnica de cateterización venosa periférica
Authors: Baltodano Ardon Franklin , Pineda Grillo Indira José , Chiluisa Espín Paola Alejandra , Espín Robalino Micaela Doménica , Damián Romo Ana Elizabeth , Oñate Rosero Cristhian Alexander
Published: February 2024

Introducción: El uso de simuladores para la enseñanza-aprendizaje de medicina es cada vez más común y actualmente forma parte de la formación médica. Objetivo: Elaborar un simulador y describir la percepción de estudiantes de medicina de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo de un simulador de cateterización venosa de miembro superior. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio transversal, que incluyó 40 estudiantes de cuarto nivel del período académico 2019 quienes evaluaron el simulador. Resultados: El nivel de satisfacción de los estudiantes con el simulador fue del 85%. Los estudiantes consideraron que el simulador les permite aprender la técnica de cateterización venosa periférica previo al conocimiento teórico y de esta manera mejorar su aprendizaje. El 80% considera que los materiales usados fueron los adecuados. El 93% de los estudiantes refieren haber mejorado su seguridad y confianza. Conclusiones: El uso de simuladores en la enseñanza médica mejora la experiencia de aprendizaje de los estudiantes.
Interculturalidad en salud a partir de los diferentes sistemas médicos
Authors: Inca Ruiz Gerardo Patricio
Published: February 2024

Introducción: La interculturalidad en salud se ha desarrollado a partir del concepto étnico. Objetivo: comprender las culturas médicas para fomentar un diálogo intercultural. Método: El estudio se realizó por medio de una revisión de literatura en revistas indizadas, así como en la base de datos de algunas organizaciones e instituciones nacionales e internacionales. Resultados: Cada sistema médico tiene una filosofía sobre la que desarrolla sus métodos así la Medicina Convencional se basa en el positivismo, las Medicinas Complementarias en el Vitalismo como la Homeopatía y para las Medicinas Ancestrales su relación con la Naturaleza como por ejemplo la Cosmovisión Andina. Conclusiones: partiendo de conocer la filosofía que inspira a cada cultura médica, se deben generar espacios de diálogo para atender las necesidades de prevención, curación y promoción de la salud.
Infarto agudo del miocardio en menores de 45 años: características clínicas, angiográficas y evolución a corto plazo. Instituto de cardiología 2010-2014
Authors: Peñafiel Chavez Angel Javier , Herrera Abarca Jessica Magali , Dioubate Alpha Baba
Published: February 2024

Introducción: Los pacientes jóvenes con infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM) representan un reto especial para los sistemas de salud. Objetivos: Caracterizar el perfil clínico, angiográfico y la evolución de los pacientes con IAM con edad menor de 45 años. Métodos: Se incluyó un total de 1443 pacientes atendidos en el Instituto de Cardiología durante el periodo 2010-2014, con diagnóstico de IAM tratados mediante angioplastia coronaria transluminal percutánea (ACTP), divididos en dos grupos de comparación según su edad >45 años (n=1318) o <45 años (n=125) con un rango de 27-87 años. Resultados: El síndrome coronario agudo con elevación del ST (SCACEST) fue más frecuente en pacientes jóvenes con IAM, los que se caracterizaron por ser más fumadores y menos hipertensos, diabéticos y con menos antecedentes de IAM previo respecto a pacientes con edad mayor de 45 años. Los pacientes jóvenes mostraron también mayor hipercolesterolemia e hipertrigliceridemia y mayor relación con la enfermedad de un vaso, lesiones tipo C y empleo de stents fármaco activo, mientras que la frecuencia de enfermedad del tronco coronario izquierdo (TCI) fue menor. Los pacientes jóvenes se caracterizaron también por un mejor porcentaje de éxito del proceder intervencionista y una menor incidencia de eventos adversos a corto plazo. Conclusiones: Se concluye que las características clínicas, bioquímicas y angiográficas de los pacientes infartados con edad menor de 45 años son similares a las descritas por la literatura internacional, con una mejor evolución a corto plazo respecto a pacientes con infarto y edad >45 años.
ESTADO de la seguridad alimentaria en familias con niños/as de 2 a 5 años de la comunidad Quislag Chico, Parroquia - Tixán Provincia de Chimborazo
Authors: Calderón Vallejo Cristina , Rodríguez Cevallos María
Published: February 2024

La presente investigación es un estudio descriptivo, transversal no experimental, fue aplicada a familias con niños y niñas de 2 a 5 años en la comunidad Quislag Chico de la Parroquia Tixán, en la que participaron 33 familias y 43 niños y niñas. La finalidad fue investigar la situación de la seguridad alimentaria, para ello se estudiaron las siguientes variables: características generales de la comunidad, y situación alimentaria; mediante la aplicación de una entrevista y visitas domiciliarias. La actividad económica principal es la agricultura, el 88% de las familias poseen viviendas de mediano riesgo. Al analizar la situación alimentaria desde la producción hasta el consumo se encontró que los alimentos que cultivan son: papas, habas, cebada, chochos, ocas, mellocos, producción destinada a la comercialización y consumo; en cuanto a la producción pecuaria los animales que crían son: aves, cerdos: borregos, bovinos y cuyes, producción destinada a la comercialización y el consumo. En cuanto a la disponibilidad de alimentos en el hogar se encontró que el 49% de las familias tienen un hogar levemente inseguro, la calidad general de la dieta en el 37% de las familias es insuficiente, el 28% de hogares tiene un aporte bajo de macronutrientes, particularmente de grasas (62% de adecuación), el 46% alcanza una adecuación de vitaminas del 102% vitamina A y vitamina C 80%; el 34% presenta un aporte bajo de minerales, siendo el zinc el más bajo con un 45% de adecuación.
Factores de riesgo de cáncer tiroideo en pacientes sometidos a tiroidectomía en el Hospital IESS, Riobamba
Authors: Proaño Lucero Silvia Arecelly , Aguirre Carpio Roberto , Almeida Alvarado Johana , Ríos Orozco Jorge , Caicedo Mafla Luis , Colorado Benavides Kathy del Rocío
Published: February 2024

El cáncer tiroideo es una patología frecuente en Ecuador por lo que es necesario determinar sus factores de riesgo, ya que esto ayudaría a diagnosticar esta patología tempranamente. El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar factores de riesgo de cáncer tiroideo en pacientes sometidos a tiroidectomía en el “Hospital del Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social (IESS)”. Para ello, se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal usando datos obtenidos de las historias clínicas de los pacientes. En total se incluyeron 101 pacientes. Nuestros hallazgos indican que existe una alta prevalencia (52%) de cáncer tiroideo, en particular carcinoma papilar de patrón convencional, que representó al rededor del 65% de casos positivos. Diferencias en cuanto a edad, hipoecogenicidad y calcificaciones ecográficas de nódulos tiroideos según el Thyroid Image Reporting and Data System (TIRADS) y el diagnóstico por Punción Aspiración con Aguja Fina (PAAF) fueron determinantes en el diagnóstico de cáncer tiroideo. Se evidenció además que la asociación rango de edad y TIRADS proporciona alta sensibilidad y especificidad para diagnosticar cáncer tiroideo por lo que se recomienda su uso conjunto en Atención Primaria de Salud. La realización de exámenes tiroideos y screaning a través de TIRADS es muy útil en el diagnóstico de cáncer tiroideo, especialmente en menores de 50 años.
Infecciones del tracto urinario. Revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Chafla Martínez Patricia Judith , Cerón Pantoja Edgar Gonzalo , Ortíz Zayas Eida
Published: February 2024

Fundamento: Las infecciones del sistema urinario constituyen un problema de salud muy frecuente, afectan tanto a niños como a adultos. El incremento en la resistencia bacteriana, favorecida por el uso indiscriminado de antibióticos, determina la necesidad de normar conductas para el abordaje y tratamiento inicial. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión bibliográfica narrativa de la literatura actual sobre la génesis de las infecciones del tracto urinario, con la finalidad de proporcionar instrumentos para hacer diagnóstico oportuno y adecuado de esta enfermedad. Métodos: Revisión bibliográfica narrativa en idioma español e inglés en las bases de datos PubMed‐Medline, Scielo y Lilacs. Resultados: Continúa siendo el sexo femenino el mayormente afectado, los factores de riesgo son variados aunque se puede asociar a patologías como la diabetes mellitus, a las hospitalizaciones frecuentes y el uso de catéteres vesicales entre otras. La Escherichia Coli es el principal germen encontrado. Para establecer el diagnóstico se hace indispensable la presencia de bacteriuria en la primera orina de la mañana. Conclusiones: El objetivo de la terapia es el control de la sintomatología y la erradicación de las bacterias del tracto urinario, teniendo en cuenta algunas características de los pacientes como la edad, sexo y historia previa de infecciones del tracto urinario.