bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Literature review: Paparan merkuri (Hg) pada anak stunting di area pertambangan emas
Authors: Aisyah Aisyah , M. Legowo Anang , Muniroh Muflihatul
Published: September 2024

Background: Mercury (Hg) is used by small-scale gold miners to extract gold. Mercury waste is dangerous and toxic because it pollutes the environment and living creatures. Mercury can accumulate in the body through the food chain, air and air. Children who are exposed to mercury are associated with a risk of various health problems that can result in stunting.Objective: The aim of writing this literature review is to identify exposure to mercury (Hg) in stunted children.Method: This research is in the form of descriptive analysis. This research took the form of a literature review, article synthesis was carried out in a narrative manner as recommended by the PRISMA statement in selecting the articles found. The keywords used are stunting, exposure to mercury (Hg) and gold mining areas. Literature sources were obtained from the Scopus database, Google Scholar, PubMed Central and Science Direct. Inclusion criteria are stunting, exposure to mercury (Hg) and gold mining areas, full text, published in 2013-2023. Exclusion criteria are articles in the form of books and documents, reviews, meta-analysis and systematic reviews.Results: Results from the literature show that stunted children are exposed to mercury that comes from the environment due to gold mining. Urine samples of stunted children aged 0-59 months contain mercury above 7 μg/L, which is the threshold set by Human Biomonitoring (HBM).Conclusion: Stunted children aged 0-59 months who live in gold mining areas are exposed to mercury. The risk of mercury exposure to children can come from food, water and air.KeywordsGold Mining Area, Mercury Exposure, Stunting
Inovasi beras semar: Alternatif beras analog untuk manajemen glikemik bagi pasien diabetes melitus
Authors: Salwa Arina Tina , Sabila Arina Rihadatulaisy , Salsabila Afifah , Arwani Arwani , Shobirun Shobirun , Suharto Suharto
Published: September 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a non-communicable disease with increasing prevalence. Diabetes management through diet is a challenge, especially due to limited safe and nutritious food options. Semar Rice was developed as a solution to provide healthy food alternatives for people with diabetes.Objectives: The purpose of this research is to create an innovative food product in the form of analog rice from a combination of purple sweet potato, cinnamon, and milkfish bones as an alternative food for people with diabetes mellitus.Methods: This study used Research and Development method with laboratory testing for nutritional analysis. The research was conducted at the Food Nutrition and Health Laboratory of XYZ University from January to March 2024. Organoleptic tests were conducted on 10 healthy respondents aged 20-23 years. Three formulations were tested, namely A (35:35:30), B (60:20:20), and C (40:30:30). The glycemic index was tested by measuring the respondents' blood glucose response after consumption of 100 grams of Semar Rice compared to white rice.Results: Laboratory test results showed that sample A contained 56.88% carbohydrate, 6.03% fat, 12.26% protein, 2.82% glucose, and 3.35% sucrose. Semar rice with a portion of 297.4 grams had a glycemic index of 82.20 and a glycemic load of 49.78, although there were variations in results because some respondents did not follow the blood sugar check procedure. The organoleptic test showed a score of aroma 3, taste and texture 3.1, and color 3.5. Semar rice also meets SNI 6128-2015 standards for moisture and carbohydrate content.Conclusion: The conclusion of this study showed that Beras Semar has a low index glycemic compared to white rice. After doing Index Glycemic Test to 10 respondents, the result appear if the respondent’s glucose level more stable after consume Beras Semar than White Rice. KeywordsAnalog rice, diabetes mellitus, alternative food
Uji aktivitas antibiofilm ekstrak daun kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata l.) dari kawasan geotermal Ie Seum terhadap staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Pamudi Berwi Fazri , Munira Munira , Nasir Muhammad
Published: September 2024

Background:Food is a basic human necessity for survival. The existence of food handlers provides an important role in maintaining food quality.  Food consumed must meet safety standards so as not to pose a health risk. So knowledge about personal hygiene and food sanitation is needed to be key in preventing the risk of contamination. Food handlers should gain increased knowledge and behavior through education to prevent health risks caused by lack of knowledgeObjectives: This study aims to explore the influence of education related to hygiene and sanitation through the media of videos, posters, and educational mirrors on increasing knowledge and attitudes of food handlers.Methods: This study uses the SLR method of special research design sourced from google scholar and, Pubmed from the last 10 years using inclusion and exclusion criteria in this study following the approach of Population / Problem, Intervention, Comparison Outcome and Study design type (PICOS).Results: The results included three articles that assessed the effects of education using video communication media, posters, and educational mirrors on improving the knowledge and attitudes of food handlers. The installation of personal hygiene posters is effective in all age groups, while visual media such as videos have a significant positive impact with visual media having a positive impact on increasing one's knowledge by 75%-87%.Conclusion: Education through media through the media of videos, posters, and educational mirrors can help increase the knowledge and attitude of food handlers, support safety and hygiene in food provision KeywordsHygiene education, communication media, knowledge and attitudes of food handlers
Faktor risiko tingginya kadar kolesterol darah total pada penderita penyakit jantung koroner di Banda Aceh
Authors: Wagustina Silvia , Fitriyaningsih Eva , Novita Rosi
Published: September 2024

Background: Acehnese people have a habit of consuming foods high in saturated fat such as goat curry containing fatty meat, brains, offal. This is due to full work activities, changes in lifestyle and increasing economy. If this diet continues, it can cause cholesterol in the blood to increase and over time will cause blockage in the walls of the heart blood vessels. If the coronary artery blood vessels are blocked, it will cause coronary heart disease.Objective: to determine the risk factors that cause blood cholesterol levels in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods: This research design is descriptive analytical with a cross-sectional approach. The sample is patients with coronary heart disease. The number of samples is 32 people. Sampling was done by purposive sampling. The types of data collected consist of primary data, namely the habit of consuming foods high in saturated fat and secondary data, namely total cholesterol levels. Data analysis in this study used the chi-square test. Data presentation is presented in tabular and textular forms.Result: 29 people have a habit of consuming foods high in saturated fat and high total cholesterol levels. The average consumption of saturated fat is 22,9 grams and cholesterol levels are 246,22 mg / dl. Where the highest fat consumption is 30 grams, the lowest is 8 grams and the highest total cholesterol level is 310 mg/dl, the lowest is 187 mg/dl. There is a relationship with p <0,05.Conclusion: Obesity, physical activity, habit of consuming saturated fat, habit of consuming simple carbohydrates and lack of fiber consumption are risk factors for high blood cholesterol levels in patients with coronary heart disease.
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND AN IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF GOKSHURADI CHURNA, AN AYURVEDIC POLYHERBAL FORMULATION
Authors: Subramani Chitra , Krishnamoorthy Srilatha , Raju Ilavarasan
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The branch of traditional medicine constitutes Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Homeopathy. The knowledge of these traditional systems of medicine with the perspective of safety, efficacy, and quality will helps to the traditional legacy and also to rationalize the use of natural products in healthcare as well.
Aim and Objective: The aim and objective of this study was to evaluate an in vitro antioxidant activity and quantification of phytochemicals of polyherbal drug, Gokshuradi churna (G. churna).
Methods: An aqueous extract of G. churna of 10mg/mL concentration was used for the estimations of total phenols, flavanoids, saponins and tannins. Free radical scavenging activity in terms of DPPH, superoxide and nitric oxide scavenging activity of G. churna was carried out by the standard methods.
Results: In this study the phytoconstituents such as flavonoids (69.11±5.31 mg/g quercetin equivalent), phenols (56.39±4.07 mg/g gallic acid equivalent), saponin (73.43 ± 3.41 mg/g diosgenin equivalent) and tannin (58.11±1.41 mg/g tannic acid equivalent) were noticed in G. churna. Among which saponin and flavonoids showed highest content of 73.43 mg/g and 69.11 mg/g respectively in G. churna. An antioxidant activity was evaluated by determining the DPPH radical scavenging concentration (IC50: 79.47 μg/mL; Standard IC50: 59.84 μg/mL), superoxide radical concentration (IC50: 125.12 μg/mL; Standard IC50: 91.57 μg/mL) and nitric oxide radical concentration (IC50: 244.85 μg/mL; Standard IC50: 264.41 μg/mL) under in vitro conditions.
Conclusion: The present study established that the drug showed an effective IC50 concentration for nitric oxide radical scavenging activity. It also scavenges DPPH and superoxide radical scavenging activity. The antioxidant activity of the drug may be due to the polyherbal ingredients present in it. The antioxidant activity in terms of scavenging nitric oxide radical was significantly higher than the standard ascorbic acid and also its activity was concentration-dependent.
REOCURRENCE OF STENT THROMBOSIS POST ANGIOPLASTY- A COMPHRENSIVE REVIEW
Authors: Naser Mohamad Younas
Published: September 2024

Coronary diseases are caused due to inability of arteries to carry sufficient oxygenated blood to the heart muscles. Mostly obstruction to the blood flow occurs due to formation of a clot in the blood vessels. Thrombosis leads to narrowing of blood vessels and to correct narrowed blood vessels a specialized medical device- stents are placed inside the vessels via angioplasty. Even after successful placement of stents and correction of blood vessel narrowing problem occurs. Stent thrombosis is such a common problem which occurs after percutaneous coronary intervention. It occurs due to formation of blood clots within or around the stent blocking the vessel partially or entirely leading to heart attack and other health issues. This review article focuses on establishing a basic understanding of stent thrombosis along with few case histories of reoccurrences of stent thrombosis where patients suffered stent thrombosis. Various online scientific and medical databases like MedScape, Medline, Science Direct, SciLit, Scopus, Web of Science, Research Gate, Google Scholar were browsed to collect the literature on ‘Stent thrombosis’ and ‘Recurrences of Stent Thrombosis’ for compilation of this review article. This study revealed that modern scientifically evolved and tested and medicated stents along with blood thinners can be a standard method for prevention of ‘stent thrombosis’.
A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY AND COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF TOPICAL BENZOYL PEROXIDE AND MINOCYCLINE GEL WITH AND WITHOUT ADDED CHEMICAL PEEL IN ACNE TREATMENT
Authors: LathaSri Dr R.V.S.S , Gunda Raghavendra Kumar , Kumar Dr J.N. Suresh , Sruthi K , Krishna N Rama , Reddy Ch Surendra , Prasanna KL , Kalyan Kumar P , Bhavana V
Published: September 2024

Objective: This prospective observational study aims to evaluate effectiveness of combination of topical benzoyl peroxide and minocycline gel comparing it with and without added chemical peel in acne vulgaris treatment
Methods: In This study we have observed the effectiveness of two different treatment regimens in acne treatment. Based on the GAGS Scale the severity index of subjects were observed. A cohort of 110 young and adult population are included in our study.
Results: A study on Acne vulgaris (110 cases, 6 months) revealed a higher prevalence among females (70.9%). Severity at visit: severe (65.4%), moderate (24.5%), very severe (10.1%). Follow-ups showed a decrease in severe cases and an increase in mild. No initial counselling on food limitations was provided. Males comprised 29.1% of cases. Further analysis may elucidate treatment efficacy and the potential impact of lifestyle factors on acne management.
Conclusion: This study compares combining topical benzoyl peroxide and minocycline gel alone versus with chemical peel for acne treatment. Chemical peel adjunct shows enhanced efficacy, lower recurrence, and scar reduction. Female predominance noted among 110 patients. Regular follow-ups and standardized acne scoring recommended. Physicians should be educated on benefits of combination therapy. Result is better clinical clearance with chemical peel addition.
A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON THE PREVALENCE OF DYSLIPIDEMIA AND CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN HYPOTHYROID PATIENTS
Authors: Gunda Raghavendra Kumar , Mobin Shaikh Mulla , Priya MN , Kumar JNS , Rajesh A , Tejaswini J , Radhika P , Azaruddin SK
Published: September 2024

Objective: The main objective of current study was to assess the prevalence of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular complications in Hypothyroid patients.
Methods: In this prospective observational study, 110 subjects have been participated. ASCVD scale is used which assess the next 10years cardiovacular risk of a patient. ASCVD score categorizes into low, intermediate, borderline and high. Hypothyroid patients are assessed with lipid profile followed by ASCVD scale.
Results:  ASCVD risk category distribution highlights a higher percentage in the low-risk category (71.82%). The study also reveals a strong association between hypothyroidism and hyperlipidemia, with the majority of patients having ideal hyperlipidemia levels (89%). Comorbidities such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus are prevalent, with a significant portion having no comorbidities (50.9%). Family history analysis shows a majority without a family history of hypothyroidism (84.5%).
Conclusion: From our study we concluded that despite the high prevalence of comorbidities, a substantial proportion of patients exhibited ideal lipid profiles, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions addressing modifiable risk factors. Family history and ASCVD risk assessment provide valuable insights into risk stratification and personalized treatment approaches. Overall, these findings underscore the importance of multidisciplinary approaches integrating endocrinology, cardiology, and lifestyle interventions in optimizing outcomes for hypothyroid patients at risk of cardiovascular complications.
AN INTENSIVE REVIEW ON THE MANAGEMENT OF PSORIASIS: FUMARIC ACID ESTERS ANALOGS
Authors: Sharma Priyanka , Bisht Hemlata , Alam Mohammad Niyaz , Lavhale Pallavi M
Published: September 2024

Psoriasis is a recurring skin condition that occurs due to the hyperproliferation of keratinocytes and immune dysregulation. Psoriasis management frequently necessitates using systemic therapies, which include fumaric acid ester analogs (FAEs), methotrexate, TNF inhibitors, and IL-17 inhibitors. The efficacy of FAEs against methotrexate is comparable but has fewer side effects. The most common adverse reactions associated with the treatment of psoriasis are gastrointestinal symptoms (such as bloating), flushing and lymphopenia.Rare but serious adverse reactions may include hepatitis and renal dysfunction. Methotrexate is an effective treatment; however, it has been linked to hepatitis, gastrointestinal adverse effects, and inhibition of the bone marrow in psoriasis patients. TNF Inhibitors NF-NFinhibitors and TNF-17 inhibitors offer comparable efficacy rates and a faster onset of action to those of other agents but come with increased risks of infections and injection site reactions. TNF inhibitors may raise the risk of autoimmune responses, cancer, and seriousinfections. Neutropenia and inflammatory bowel disease may be made worse by IL-17 inhibitors. Treatment-related factors include the mode of administration, the need for monitoring, and any potential financial barriers to access. FAEs are administered orally and require regular monitoring for adverse events, while biologic agents (TNF inhibitors, IL-17 inhibitors) are administered subcutaneously or intravenously and necessitate monitoring for infections and malignancies. FAEs are given orally and need to be monitored for adverse reactions, while biologic agents (TNF inhibitors, IL-17 inhibitors) are given.
A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON SAFETY EVALUATION OF IMMUNIZATION IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN
Authors: Gunda Dr. Raghavendra Kumar , SK Dr. Farahan Subahan , JN Dr. Suresh Kumar
Published: September 2024

Objective: This prospective observational study aims to evaluate the safety of immunization in infants and children below 1 year of age.
Methods: This  study we have observed the immunity in the children of age 0-12 months and followed the list of vaccinations given by the National Immunization Schedule. Data was collected from ANMs (Auxiliary Nurse Midwives or nurse hybrid) and from the immunization book which is provided to parents. A cohort of 150 infants and children of age below 1 year are included in our study.
Results: The most common AEFI reported was fever, followed by swelling. Among the vaccines, Pentavalent & oral polio vaccine (OPV) was majorly responsible for AEFIs, followed by measles and rubella (MR). Severe adverse reactions like Seizures are observed in 3 children for the pentavalent vaccine.
Conclusion: The present research study conclude that these AEFIs are common in children and they are not that much harmful and the socio-economic parameters, life style and food habits also effect the immunization in infants and children.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF UV-SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR BERBERINE QUANTIFICATION
Authors: Chauhan Iti , Singh Vijay , Majhi Sagarika , Verma Madhu , Yasir Mohd
Published: September 2024

Aim: The present work aimed to develop and validate a sensitive, simple, accurate, precise, ruggedness and cost-effective UV spectrophotometric method for the estimation of Berberine in prepared pharmaceutical formulations of smart lipid nanoparticles.
Methodology: The standard solution was prepared in methanol and a calibration curve was constructed after measuring absorbance. The different analytical performance parameters such as linearity, range, precision, accuracy, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ) and robustness were determined according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Q2 (R1) guidelines.
Results: Berberine showed a maximum absorption at a wavelength of 418 nm. Beer-Lambert’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of 1–15 μg/ml with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9922.  The limit of detection and limit of quantification was found to be1.565μg/ml and 4.742μg/ml respectively. The precision and repeatability scores were all within acceptable limits. The recovery was found to be between 99.64% and 100.39% The precision and repeatability values were within a 2% tolerance range. Berberine was found to have a purity of 99.64%
Conclusion: The study demonstrated that the developed procedure was accurate, precise and reproducible while being easy, environmentally friendly, repeatable, and cost-effective, and it can be used for quantification of berberine in pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Unveiling Functional Biomarkers in Schizophrenia: Insights from Region of Interest Analysis Using Machine Learning
Authors: Chatterjee Indranath , Baumgärtner Lea
Published: September 2024

Background: Schizophrenia is a complex and disabling mental disorder that represents one of the most important challenges for neuroimaging research. There were many attempts to understand these basic mechanisms behind the disorder, yet we know very little. By employing machine learning techniques with age-matched samples from the auditory oddball task using multi-site functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, this study aims to address these challenges. Methods: The study employed a three-stage model to gain a better understanding of the neurobiology underlying schizophrenia and techniques that could be applied for diagnosis. At first, we constructed four-level hierarchical sets from each fMRI volume of 34 schizophrenia patients (SZ) and healthy controls (HC) individually in terms of hemisphere, gyrus, lobes, and Brodmann areas. Second, we employed statistical methods, namely, t-tests and Pearson's correlation, to assess the group differences in cortical activation. Finally, we assessed the predictive power of the brain regions for machine learning algorithms using K-nearest Neighbor (KNN), Naive Bayes, Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machines (SVMs), and Extreme Learning Machine (ELM). Results: Our investigation depicts promising results, obtaining an accuracy of up to 84% when applying Pearson's correlation-selected features at lobes and Brodmann region level (81% for Gyrus), as well as Hemispheres involving different stages. Thus, the results of our study were consistent with previous studies that have revealed some functional abnormalities in several brain regions. We also discovered the involvement of other brain regions which were never sufficiently studied in previous literature, such as the posterior lobe (posterior cerebellum), Pyramis, and Brodmann Area 34. Conclusions: We present a unique and comprehensive approach to investigating the neurological basis of schizophrenia in this study. By bridging the gap between neuroimaging and computable analysis, we aim to improve diagnostic accuracy in patients with schizophrenia and identify potential prognostic markers for disease progression.
Review: Photonic Signal Processing
Authors: Moss David
Published: September 2024

The simultaneous progress of integrated op- tical frequency comb (OFC) and radio frequency (RF) photonic signal processing technique have promoted the rapid development of real-time signal processing. Integrated optical frequency comb offer multiple wave- lengths as a powerful source for RF photonic sig- nal transversal filter. Here, we review development of real-time signal processing system consisting of inte- grated OFC and RF photonic signal transversal filter in chronological order, and focus on the applications of this system such as differentiator, integrator, Hilbert transformer, and image processor. We also discuss and present our outlook on more parallel functions and fur- ther integration of real-time signal processing system.
Hubris syndrome from complexity theory
Authors: Aguilar José Luis , Romero Germán Abraham Becerra
Published: September 2024

The research question posed was how hubris syndrome goes unnoticed in professional development, the ethical conduct of doctors and in health systems. The general objective was to classify the levels of analysis of hubris syndrome using complexity theory. There are three particular objectives: a) to describe the level of deontological evanescence in the medical profession, b) to imply the level of power excess in health systems and c) identify the level of transfer and adoption of epistemic values unrelated to health, the hypothesis which guides this investigation was that until now the imposed adoption of new values transferred due to the emergence of an epistemic transition resulting from an anomaly in the hegemonic theory. The method used was qualitative with a critical orientation and in the conclusions the positive part that the myth of Apollo offers us was recovered where the beauty and humanistic rationality of medical education cannot give away or regress to the pressure of an epistemic change dominated by values unrelated to health, it is suggested to study the phenomenon from the complexity and establish levels of reality to classify behaviors, ideologies and discourses that encourage the emergence of hybris.
Jaw Opening Patterns and their Correspondence with Syllable Stress Patterns
Authors: Erickson Donna , Lundmark Malin Svensson , Huang Ting
Published: September 2024

A string of speech is a string of syllables, a series of varying amounts of jaw openings/ closings. Neutralizing the vowel-intrinsic jaw opening indicates a pattern of jaw opening matching the utterance syllable prominence patterns. The hypothesis is that the jaw opening patterns ensue from the metrical hierarchy of the language, such that for languages like English, we see exponentially increasing jaw displacement on the metrically strong syllable within each foot, phrase and utterance; for languages like French, Chinese and Japanese, we see increased jaw displacement at the end of each phrase, with the largest amount of jaw displacement at the end of the utterance. These language-specific jaw displacement patterns tend to be carried over when learning a second language. Also explored in this chapter are segmental articulation interactions with jaw displacement patterns, as well as the relationship between metrically-motivated jaw displacement patterns and listeners’ perceptions of utterance prominence patterns.
Normal fault interactions in seismic cycles and the impact of fault network geometry
Authors: Rodriguez Piceda Constanza , Mildon Zoe , van den Ende Martijn , Ampuero Jean Paul , Andrews Billy
Published: September 2024

Understanding the mechanisms behind the characteristics of earthquake cycles on normal faults is challenging due to their long recurrence times. Despite their moderate magnitude, normal faulting earthquakes can produce considerable damage. We investigate the effects of fault network geometry and spacing on the seismic cycle of a system of two normal faults modelled with rate-and-state friction and elastic interactions. Our analysis examines how variable along-strike and across-strike distances between faults influence cycle periodicity, synchronicity, nucleation location, magnitude-frequency distribution, and rupture characteristics. To isolate network-geometry effects from dimensional and frictional effects, we model faults with a seismogenic width (W) over characteristic nucleation length (L∞) ratio such that isolated faults produce periodic cycles with a characteristic magnitude (Mw) of 5.1. The cycle periodicity and Mw of earthquakes change depending on the spacing and geometry of the fault network. Faults become less periodic at short across-strike distances (smaller than 0.2 km). Decreasing the across-strike spacing leads to variable hypocenter locations and the emergence of partial ruptures, producing magnitudes down to Mw 4.4 at spacings < 0.2 km. Cycle periodicity and Mw remain unaffected by along-strike spacing. The long-term synchronization state of the faults’ seismic cycle is influenced differently by across-strike and along-strike distances. Closely spaced faults (≤1.5 km) across-strike display fluctuating synchronization, whereas faults arranged along-strike tend to evolve towards persistent synchronization as along-strike separation decreases. Fault network geometry plays a prominent role, with across-strike distance having a larger effect on interevent time and rupture style than along-strike distance.
Multiphysics Simulation of Recent Experiments on Alkali-Silica Reaction Expansion in Reinforced Concrete Members
Authors: Jain Amit , Spencer Benjamin , Dahal Albert , Biswas Sudipta , Dhulipala Somayajulu
Published: September 2024

Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) is an important long-term degradation process in concrete structures. ASR produces expansive silica gel, causing local damage and macroscopic expansion, which can lead to cracking and damage throughout a structure due to load redistribution. ASR progression is affected by aggregate reactivity, alkali content in the hardened cement paste, temperature, moisture content, and stress. Numerical simulation is essential to predict the progression and effects of ASR on the performance of structures. Because of the interactions between thermal and moisture transport and mechanical deformation, it is important for numerical models to represent all these physical phenomena and the interactions between them. Simulations of ASR in reinforced concrete (RC) structures are further complicated by the need to capture interactions between concrete and embedded reinforcing bars. This paper describes the implementation of a scalable, coupled-physics ASR model for simulating RC structures and assesses the ability of that model to predict ASR-induced expansion in recent laboratory tests on RC block and beam specimens. These laboratory tests and the simulation approach were selected because of their applicability to RC structural-scale simulations. This validation study helps builds confidence the ablility of this approach to model ASR expansion in large, complex RC structures, which is a current high-priority need.
Interpersonal relationships in adolescence as sources of variance in parenting self-efficacy: A penalized regression model
Authors: Kretschmer Tina , Greenwood Christopher , Sluiter Anoek , Macdonald Jacqui A , Olsson Craig , Letcher Primrose , Hartman Catharina
Published: September 2024

Parenting self-efficacy is an important determinant of family coherence and child development and has been consistently associated with concurrent parent mental health and presence of supportive relationships. Exceedingly little is known about the developmental origins of parenting self-efficacy, in particular, the role of experiences in close relationships with family and friends well prior to becoming a parent. Here we used penalized elastic-net regression to estimate the portion of variance in parenting self-efficacy explained by experiences in close relationships from adolescence onwards. Data were drawn from a Dutch multiple-generation cohort study (TRAILS and TRAILS NEXT, est.2000) that has followed a cohort of young people from adolescence (age 11) into the early years of parenthood (age ~28). We included 387 parents with data on relationships with parents and peers in early to mid-adolescence adolescence and parenting self-efficacy at 3 months postpartum. More than one third of the variance in parenting self-efficacy could be explained by interpersonal experiences in adolescence, with positive facets in parent-child relationships as well as peer victimization being particularly stable predictors. Our findings show that preconception experiences in close relationships explain a substantial proportion of the variation in parenting self-efficacy.Though targeted research is needed to establish causal pathways, continued investment in interventions that promote relational health across adolescence may not only benefit young people now but also as future parents.
Explicit Access to Detailed Feature Distribution Representations
Authors: Khvostov Vladislav , Kristjansson Arni , Asgeirsson Arni Gunnar
Published: September 2024

The human visual system can quickly process groups of objects (ensembles) and build compressed representations of their features. What does the conscious perception of ensembles consist of? Observers‘ explicit access to ensemble representations has been considered very limited – any distributional aspects beyond simple summary statistics, such as the mean or variance, cannot be explicitly accessed. In contrast, here we demonstrate that the visual system can represent ensemble distributions in detail and observers have reliable explicit access to these representations. In our new paradigm (Feature Frequency Report) observers viewed 36 disks of various colors for 800 ms and then reported the frequency of a randomly chosen color using a slider. The sets had Gaussian, uniform, or bimodal color distributions with a random mean color. The distributions of responses – both aggregated and separate for each observer – followed the shape of the presented distribution. Modeling revealed that performance reflected integrated information from the whole set rather than sub-sampling. After only brief exposure to a color set, the visual system can build detailed representations of feature distributions that observers have explicit access to. This result necessitates a fundamental rethinking of how ensembles are processed. We suggest that such distribution representations are the most natural way for the visual system to consciously represent groups of objects. Explicit feature distribution representations may contribute to people‘s impression of having a rich perceptual experience despite severe attentional and working memory limitations.
A Note on Capital Gains Tax for Nepal
Authors: Wellisz Stanislaw
Published: September 2024

Not Available.
China’s Evolving New Third World Strategy in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Bagale Sharmila
Published: September 2024

This article seeks to examine China’s Third World Strategy from Mao-Deng-Xi’s political eras. The societal tensions emerged in China after 1949, which have arisen as a consequence of its rapid economic expansion in the twenty first century. While China continues to ascend and demonstrate a high potential for further progress, signs of a slowdown in its once-robust economic growth raise concerns about potential implications for social stability in specific regions. China's unparalleled economic presence and influence have been evident in its engagements across Africa, Asia, South Asia, and Latin America. This expansive involvement in the developing world has been a consistent component of Beijing’s foreign policy since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. Notably, China’s foreign policy, particularly post- 1990, has remained actively engaged in South Asian regions, shaping a new reality with profound geopolitical implications. For this, it uses qualitative research method to inspect into the political and strategic transformations in regional governance triggered by the resurgence of the third world in Chinese foreign policy. The full extent of the impact of these developments on the world’s geopolitical landscape remains uncertain, making it a compelling area of exploration. The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is China’s new strategy for new third world strategy emerged to support the third world countries, and it is an aspiration to be a global power.
Price Hike and Nepali Students’ Perception towards Inflation
Authors: Nepal Pramshu , Panthee Keshav Raj
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the perceptions of college-level Nepali students toward inflation, a critical economic phenomenon characterized by a continuous rise in the general price level of goods and services. The research has used a quantitative approach, gathering data from 208 students of bachelor and master level in community colleges of Kathmandu and Rupandehi districts via a structured questionnaire. The survey reveals significant concern among students about inflation’s impact on their lives. The findings underscore a prevalent skepticism among students towards government-published inflation rates, reflecting broader societal doubts about economic transparency and management. The majority of respondents express concerns about how inflation impacts their personal finances, career decisions, and  access to essential services like education and healthcare. Moreover, there is a notable perception among students that inflation exacerbates income inequality and poses substantial challenges to economic stability in Nepal. In the context of rising cost of living of average Nepali people, findings of such study could provide guideline for policy makers.
Application of satellite images and LiDAR data for modeling and inventory of Eucalyptus spp in Uruguay
Authors: Hirigoyen Dominguez Andrés , Navarro Rafael , Franco Jorge
Published: September 2024

The integration of information from field inventories, with data from remote sensors, and its high correlation with the structure of the vegetation, allows to adjust precise models for the estimation of forest production. This allows for a reduction in costs, time and bias, producing valuable inputs for processes such as segmentation and optimizing the harvest. Here we present an alternative to forest inventories and data processing through the use of LiDAR and multispectral images. The main objective was to evaluate the use of LiDAR information and high-resolution multispectral data in Eucalyptus plantations in Uruguay, to improve the quality and quantity of information provided to optimize forest management processes with respect to traditional inventory systems. The results obtained demonstrate the improvement in precision and quality of the data compared to traditional inventories. Tools that improve precision in four fundamental aspects for the quantification and management of forest production are provided: i) the use of compatible and additives models; ii) modeling of stand variables on a large scale using remote sensing data; iii) delimitation of homogeneous areas within the stand based on an unsupervised assessment; and iv) a method for optimizing felling plans based on timber availability, carbon prices, and harvest age. The main conclusion is that the application of geomatic tools in the forestry sector represent a fundamental change in inventory practices, from planning, execution and resolution, as well as the ability to generate predictive models and segmentation algorithms with greater precision than those obtained with field inventories. Throughout the thesis, it is shown that the use of data from different active and passive sensors increases the possibilities for automating forest inventories, increasing the spatial and temporal resolution of forest cartography. This, together with the use of parametric and non-parametric statistical techniques, constitutes an advance in the field of forest management in Uruguay.
Factors of the effectiveness of the competitive activity of qualified football players at the stage of preparation for higher achievements
Authors: Balan Вogdan
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to solving the problem of improving the management of the training of football players during the transition to professional teams. The work revealed that the training system is of decisive importance for the systematic development of young talents of 19-20 years of age.
It has been proven that the qualitative transformation of the competition system is of decisive importance for graduates of sports schools and children's and youth football organizations in terms of the formation of their sportsmanship, functional capabilities and the effectiveness of their implementation in professional teams of various leagues of Ukraine.
The peculiarities of effective competitive activity of qualified football players at the stage of preparation for higher achievements are analyzed. The data of the study served as indicators of the technical-tactical and physical fitness of the players. The requirements for comprehensive pedagogical control of the special training of qualified athletes in professional football have been determined.
It has been confirmed that the fitness of athletes in football depends on their functional indicators, which, in turn, determine the effectiveness of certain tactical and technical actions.
The conducted studies testify to the importance of a systematic analysis of the factors of the effectiveness of the competitive activity of qualified football players for the improvement of the system of training athletes at the stage of preparation for higher achievements. After all, numerous studies state the fact that in football, young men reach the level of the sport of higher achievements at the age of 19-21 years after 10-12 years of regular training.
Further research will be aimed at identifying the level of physical fitness and quantitative indicators of competitive activity of young football players aged 17-19, as well as comparing the data of own research with available materials of special scientific and methodological literature, and obtaining information about the meaningful structure of physical and technical-tactical training of football players aged 17-19, taking into account the playing role of football.
The influence of game activity and motor activity on the state of health of esports players
Authors: Bobrenko S.M. , Andrieieva O. V. , Gorenko Z. А. , Khrypko I.V.
Published: September 2024

The article examines the peculiarities of motor activity, lifestyle, game activity, and the state of health of eSports players. Recommendations for the prevention of occupational diseases in eSports based on the use of health and recreational motor activity are proposed.
The purpose of the research is to determine the impact of motor activity and game activity on the health of eSports players, to provide recommendations on the expedient conduct of health-recreational motor activity classes in order to improve and maintain the health of eSports players, and as a result, to achieve high results in eSports.
To achieve the goal, the following research methods were used: theoretical analysis, systematization and generalization of data from specialized scientific and methodical literature and documentary materials, information from the global Internet; pedagogical; sociological research methods; methods of assessing physical health ("Self-Assessment of Health Level" Test (V.P. Voytenko), questionnaire "Risk of developing cardiovascular diseases" (A.Z. Zapisochny)); methods of assessing motor activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire (Andrea Di Blasio)); medical and biological methods (ultrasound densitometry, bioimpedancemetry); anthropometric methods; method of comparison and comparison; methods of mathematical statistics. 35 eSports players participated in the study.
It has been established that the majority of eSports players have an insufficient level of motor activity, a significant number of them have an average and below average level of health, increased or decreased body weight in relation to age norms, posture and sleep disorders, osteopenia, impaired visual acuity and a pronounced risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. In the study, the authors provide recommendations for the justification and development of health measures aimed at increasing the level of health and motor activity of eSports players.
Training of Coaching Staff in Cycling in Ukraine
Authors: Bobrovnyk V. , Konoval Y. , Piontkovska N. , Khurtyk D. , Smyrnova Z.
Published: September 2024

The problem of training of cycling coaches affects the efficiency of training activity and general development of sportsmen in this kind of sport. The effective training activity demands deep understanding of methodology of teaching and psychological strategies oriented towards enhancement of sportsmen’s training and competitions. The goal is to improve the system for training cycling coaches based on the study of scientific and methodological literature, modern research, and the generalization of advanced practical experience. Methods. During the research the following methods were used: theoretical analysis, generalization of scientific, educational and methodological literature and normative documents. Also, the methods of analysis and synthesis were applied to outline the research outcomes. Results. The authors found that the main task of training of cycling coaches is to form students’ professional competence. It will enable them to realize their theoretical knowledge and practical skills within training activity successfully. On the basis of analysis of scientific and educational and methodological literature the authors described the peculiarities of activity of cycling coach. Also, the structure of training activity of cycling coach was revealed. And it was stated that this activity includes teaching, development and upbringing of a sportsman in the process of sports training. The authors outlined the obligations of different position of cycling coach regarding training of future cyclists to learning and training activity and competitions. These obligations should be considered when the process of training of cycling coach is planned. Also, it was found that training of cycling coach must consider the knowledge about training styles, particularly authoritarian, democratic, and mentoring.
Using innovative means in the management of the training process for volleyball players
Authors: Vovchenko Inna , Shaverskyi Victor
Published: September 2024

Innovative technologies in sports play a crucial role in the development and improvement of training efficiency, enhancing athletic performance, and optimizing competitive activity. The introduction of innovations in volleyball allows for improving the technical skills of athletes. Performing technical elements in volleyball (such as jump serves, blocking, attacking hits, and others) requires athletes to exhibit coordination abilities. Research on the effectiveness of attacking hits is an essential component of refining the volleyball players' training process.
Objective of the article – to increase the effectiveness of the training process by using innovative tools to enhance volleyball players' attacking actions.
The results of the pedagogical experiment demonstrate the high effectiveness of the proposed innovative tools in the training process for volleyball players. After completing the pedagogical experiment, athletes in the experimental group showed significantly higher scores in testing the following indicators: attacking hits from zones 4 and 2; jump serves with a straight trajectory; standing long jumps; standing vertical jumps; and a seated overhead two-handed throw of a 2 kg ball.
Advantages of crossfit in the training process of combat sports
Authors: Hakman A. , Goriyk P. I. , Dudko M. V. , Domashenko N. O.
Published: September 2024

Research goal: Based on the analysis of scientific studies and practical experience, to reveal the specifics of applying CrossFit in the training process of combat sports. To achieve this goal, research methods such as theoretical analysis, systematization, and interpretation of existing ideas, theories, and concepts were used, allowing for an understanding and identification of the advantages of CrossFit in the training process of combat sports. Results. The article discusses a key principle of domestic sports training theory - the unity of general and special athlete preparation, which is fundamental to the training process. The author emphasizes the complexity of the practical implementation of this principle, especially in combat sports where clear measurable results are lacking. The importance of detailed scientific justification and modernization of the physical training means selection system is considered. In particular, the need for scientifically grounded methods of using CrossFit in the training process of combat sports of different qualification levels and ages is highlighted. The advantages of CrossFit, such as accessibility, flexibility, variety of exercises, and quick positive results, which can impact the improvement of athletes' physical fitness levels, are mentioned. The study explores the strategy of using CrossFit as strength training in combat sports, aiming to increase muscle strength through systematic weight, repetition, and equipment usage increments. Differentiation of strength exercises contributes to the improvement of physical performance parameters and adaptation to loads. CrossFit encompasses various directions of physical improvement, including endurance, strength, flexibility, and others. The research confirms the effectiveness of CrossFit in preparing athletes for combat sports, especially during the offseason. The importance of modernizing the selection of physical training means in wrestling and the high potential of CrossFit in this context are emphasized. Conclusions. The structure and implementation of athletes' physical preparation in combat sports remain traditional but require modernization and expansion of means, including the application of CrossFit, taking into account the specific features and needs of this sport.