bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INVESTIGATION OF THE MECHANISMS OF DESTRUCTION OF PERICLASE-CARBON REFRACTORIES IN THE LINING OF A 60-TON OXYGEN CONVERTER BY MICROSTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Molchanov Lavr , Borisenko Andriy , Golub Tetyana
Published: August 2022

The main task of refractory lining in oxygen converters is the isolation of the metal elements of the unit from the high-temperature reaction bath of the converter. At the same time, it is affected by various extreme factors that are different in nature. The wear of refractory products in oxygen converters depends on both the quality of the refractory units themselves and the used technology of steel smelting. The study examined the possible causes of the destruction of the periclase-carbon lining of an industrial oxygen converter with a capacity of 60 tons during the campaign of 2002 heats. The research methodology involved the selection of samples from different areas of the refractory lining of the oxygen converter before operation and after the end of the full company. Obtained samples were tested by methods of microstructural analysis for detection of characteristic structural changes to establish patterns and mechanisms of destruction. Samples for analysis were taken from the area of the metal bath (the area of the lining, mainly in contact with the metal melt), from the cylindrical part (preferably in contact with the slag phase) and helmet part (preferably in contact with the oxidizing gas phase). The results of microstructural analysis of refractory samples taken from different parts of the converter lining after the campaign, compared with similar samples taken before the campaign, indicated the following: the formation of grains in the periclase of the lining and its subsequent destruction within the grain boundaries the emergence of various stresses (thermal, dynamic) that cause cyclical deformations. This feature is characteristic of samples taken from all areas of the lining, and the most characteristic of this aspect was observed in samples of refractory materials taken from the cylindrical part of the lining.
MODELING OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALLOY ROLLED PRODUCTS
Authors: Lutsenko Vladislav , Golubenko Tatyana , Chuiko Ihor , Lutsenko Olga
Published: August 2022

At present, carbon steels alloyed with chromium, molybdenum and vanadium are widely used in industry and mechanical engineering. It is known that the complex of mechanical properties of metal products depends on the number of alloying elements and the mode of heat treatment. With the help of mathematical and physico-chemical modeling, dependences were constructed that allow to predict the level of mechanical properties of alloy steel. The ranges of the number of alloying elements for 31CrMoV9 steel are defined, which guarantee compliance with the requirements of regulatory documentation beyond the strength and elongation. Metallographic studies allowed to establish the influence of heat treatment parameters on the structure of the studied alloy steel. Recommended cooling rates, which allow to obtain a more acceptable structure for further processing with the required mechanical properties.
MODELING OF OSCILLATIONS OF A STEEL PLATE IN WATER UNDER THE ACTION OF LOADS TO ASSESS THE SAFETY OF THE STRUCTURE
Authors: Dmytriieva Iryna
Published: August 2022

Modeling the oscillations of a steel plate in water under the action of loads to assess the safety of the structure is an urgent task of modern design. The aim of this work was to study the behavior of a plate immersed in a fluid that performs forced oscillations under the action of an applied load; the mechanism of behavior of this interaction and the determination of the attached masses of fluid. Knowledge of the attached masses helps to assess the effect of the liquid. The oscillations of a steel plate in water under the action of two types of loads were studied. For the harmonic analysis of the oscillations of the plate, our own frequency response was constructed, which was compared with the frequency response obtained by solving a series of FSI problems. From the comparison of the obtained frequency response it is concluded that the possibility of using harmonic analysis to study the stress-strain state of the plate during its oscillations. The method of harmonic analysis with the addition of the attached mass of water can be used at low oscillation frequencies to resonance.
MODELING OF HEAT EXCHANGE PROCESSES IN THE TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEM FOR THE RECYCLING OF METALLIC TUNGSTEN RODS
Authors: Ivanchuk Yaroslav , Iskovych-Lototsky Rostislav , Koval Kostyantyn , Kush Yaroslav , Volovyk Bohdan
Published: August 2022

A computational experiment was carried out to study heat exchange processes. They flow in the installation for the production of metal powders, by spraying tungsten rods. This unit uses a special cooling system. The thermophysical problem is solved by one of the numerous methods of mathematical modeling of heat transfer processes. The finite element method was used, which is implemented in the CFD software package. The design and principle of operation of the spindle unit of the installation for sputtering tungsten rods are analyzed. It is represented by the object of mathematical modeling of heat transfer processes. The temperature distributions in the characteristic studied working areas of the parts of the installation units are obtained. Based on the simulation results in the CFD software package, the calculation results were analyzed. The results showed the high efficiency of the developed cooling system for the installation for spraying metal powders.
STUDY AND COMPARISON OF CLASSICAL AND MODIFIED BUSH-WIND CRITERIA IN CYBER SECURITY TASKS
Authors: Malaychuk Valentin , Klymenko Svitlana , Lycenko Natalia
Published: August 2022

A study of the use of the classical Bush-Wind test in cybersecurity problems has been conducted and it has been determined that this criterion has shortcomings. A new modified Bush-Wind criterion is proposed, which allows to reduce the calculated complexity while maintaining its efficiency in conditions of limited experimental data. Studies have been conducted to assess the informativeness of classical and modified Bush-Wind criteria for samples of logistic, Rayleigh and exponential random variables by computer processing of experimental measurements.
ONTOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF METALLURGICAL AND MACHINE-BUILDING TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES
Authors: Shynkarenko Viktor , Zhuchyi Larysa
Published: August 2022

The analysis of ontological developments for materials of the metallurgical industry and finished products, such as functionally graded materials, processing of machine-building workpieces, both for practitioners and researchers, is carried out. Ontologies are used to integrate databases of materials and steel companies as common vocabularies and to check the consistency of welding specifications and part assemblies.
SYSTEM OF INTELLECTUAL INTERACTION OF NON-GAME CHARACTERS BASED ON PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Ostrovska Kateryna , Oleksii
Published: August 2022

The work is devoted to the implementation of a library for intellectual interaction between non-player characters based on the characteristics of their personality. the following results were obtained: 1) the analysis of theoretical information was carried out, and the requirements for the system were identified; 2) the architecture of the system was designed, its database, algorithms, class diagram; 3) implemented algorithms for building relationships between characters using fuzzy logic; 4) the construction of a graph reflecting the social connections between the characters has been implemented.
RESEARCH OF MULTICHANNEL MODES OF THE NETWORK INTERFACE OF MODULAR COMPUTING SYSTEMS
Authors: Moroz Dmytro
Published: August 2022

This paper considers the so-called "blade" server solutions of multiprocessor computing systems, where several same-type mother modules are installed in one enclosure. The main feature of the clustered system, which is considered in this paper, is that the data interchange among computing nodes is carried out in a separate network, which operates at the channel level using channel bonding mechanisms. This provided an increase in the speed of data interchange and reduced the load of the channel that connects the nodes of the cluster. Further reseraches were aimed at implementing a procedure for increasing the efficiency of parallelization by introducing of multichannel modes of the network interface of modular computing systems. The conducted studies have created the prerequisites for a quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of a multiprocessor computing system in the implementation of a multi-channel operation mode of a cluster network.
OPTIMIZATION OF GALVANIC BATTERY DESIGN FOR SPACECRAFT
Authors: Fedorov Serhii , Foris Svitlana , Pererva Valeriia , Foris Oleksii
Published: August 2022

In accordance with the objectives of the research, modeling of the thermal state of the 24V power supply in the operating conditions of -40oC was performed. Two variants of thermostating are considered: on the basis of radioactive heating elements (RNE) and on the basis of autonomous resistive heating system.
APPLICATION OF FORMAL STOCHASTIC GRAMMARS IN DETERMINING THE TEXTS AUTHORSHIP
Authors: Shinkarenko Viktor , Demidovich Inna
Published: August 2022

The work is based on the author's texts individual style presence hypothesis, in particular, the sentence structure formation. In this work, the authorship of natural language texts was determined based on the sentence structure formalization in all texts of each author from the training sample. We used the restoration of a formal stochastic grammar corresponding to each work of the author with the inference rules formation and their application probability calculation based on a statistical sample. To increase the reliability of the results, a confidence interval was calculated using Student's t-test for each of the authors. During authorship establishing, a probabilistic measure of the text belonging to a formal stochastic grammar describing the individual style of the author was determined. The texts authorship established as a result of the experiment was about 80%. The performed experiment clearly showed that the proposed method is competitive among other existing ones.
SIMULTANEOUS PARAMETRIC IDENTIFICATION FOR THE COUPLED RELAXATION GENERATORS SYSTEM
Authors: Guda Anton , Zimoglyad Andrii
Published: August 2022

This paper is devoted to the identification system creation for the coupled relaxation generators system. This nonlineear system can demonstrate both complex-periodic and chaotic behaviour. Proposed identification system, unlike previous one, must be capable to conduct simultaneous identification of the set of parameters. Identification method is based on the moving average and regression analysis methods hybridization. This method is capable to negate the noise impact after differentiation. Special lock and reset system block accumulators during relaxation pulses. The workability and dynamic properties was researched on real equipment. Dynamic characteristics of the method under consideration appears to be sufficient to track parameters values both in complex-periodic or chaotic modes.
The Decline of Panar and the Creation of Aatruppatai Literature
Authors: R Morris Joy
Published: August 2022

The Aartruppatai got the name of the first minor literary genre. This literature talks about the excellence given by the King to the floating community like Panar. Meanwhile, the art of floating community and, thereby, that community are celebrated as special. Thus, this literature tends to construct masculine power and, thereby, the public centre of power. In the pursuit of masculine power, women are turned into consumers of men. In the hierarchy of power, through denigrating the floating community, the king is portrayed as highly exalted and fearsome. Although the Aatrupatai literature is based on the self-referential trend of the floating community, its creators are also poets. Therefore, they did not create "Pulavaratruppatai" (in praise of a king) as a separate literature found in Etthuthokai (Eight Anthologies). On the whole, Aatrppatai literature can be said to be an attempt to construct a power centre through depicting the infamy of the decaying floating community with literary flair.
The Marginal Status of People as Shown in Sangam Literature
Authors: K Jayaseelan
Published: August 2022

Tolkappiyam divides human society into four categories: kings, nobles, merchants, and agriculturalists. Over time, people developed various caste structures within the four groups. People are constantly creating/teaching some reason within themselves and living with the mindset of differentiating as high and low. Each group was/is in the mindset that they should have a group under them to do slave labour rather than think they are being enslaved by a group. The agriculturists did not get the social rights that were available to the king, nobles, and merchants. Sangam texts form the land-based communities. The land based communities came together for the barter system. However, they also had separate ideas of superior and inferior. There is a social structure based on professional systems of superiority and inferiority. Sangam texts reflect the position of people who lived a life of prosperity and the opposite position of people who lived a life of poverty. The occupations of the destitute to earn their living were considered despicable in those days. So those who do such professions are taught to be ignoble in society. This article sets out to consider them as marginalised people.
Marginal Society Depicted in Krishnan's Songs
Authors: R Stephen Ponniah
Published: August 2022

Food, clothing, and shelter, which are considered essential human needs, are still not available to all. People who do not get all these are considered lower class people, marginal people, and common people. They are still living above a certain percentage of the society we live in. Creators who express their lives through nature, music, and drama are found in literature in various languages. Today, their lives are shared through the media. Among these media, the film industry is considered important. The purpose of this article is to explore the lives of marginalised people through the soundtracks featured in these films. Through screen songs, Pattukottai Kalyanasundaram, NS Krishnan, Kannadasan, and Vairamuthu were among those who created works to let the layman know the life of the common people. One of them was NS Krishnan, who was born on November 29, 1908, to Sudalaiyandi-Ishakiyammal from a small village near Nagercoil in the Kanyakumari district. The primary sources for this study are the songs composed for the film by NS Krishnan, who has expressed himself on various platforms as a theatre actor, film actor, and lyricist. He was the one who recorded the lives of the lower-class people as they were without fear of bureaucracy. He was known to be a left-wing thinker. Their works sounded like film songs as the voices of the working people who toiled all day long were not met. This analysis will be done by dividing the ideas contained in these songs into three parts, namely food, clothing, and shelter.
The Patron and the Needy Virtue in Sangam Literature
Authors: S Vanitha
Published: August 2022

Sangha literature is the repository of Tamil culture. In Sangam literature, Sangam texts have been created by the poets to describe the ancient people, the kings who were the leaders of the people, their ways of life and virtues like valor, love, and gift. Before the emergence of poets, there were oral singers named Panar (singers), Porunar (soldiers), Koothar (dancers), and Viraliyar (female songsters). The writing form was not in use in their time. There was only the pleasure of listening through the ears. The poets who found their way in education and created Sangam texts and the great men who found their way in artistic life, like Panar, Porunar, Koothar, and Viraliyar, who were the basis for the emergence of Sangam literature, have moved from place to place. Through the Sangam texts, it is known that many of these great people have suffered in poverty and weakness. Although these great people lived in poverty, they lived well even in poverty. To overcome their poverty and suffering, they sought kings and princes who could appreciate their talent and merit. These benevolent patrons fed those who came looking for them, relieved them from hunger and tiredness, gave them sustenance and alleviated their poverty, supported them and gave them life. The Sangam songs are used in this article to demonstrate the character of the poets who sought assistance, their noble minds, the excellence of charity, the usefulness of the patrons who have protected these great ones, the virtue of charity, the kind heart, the excellence of gifts, the gifts given by the patrons, the acts of kindness of ordinary citizens, and so on.
Lower Class People as Shown by Naladiyar
Authors: C Rahini
Published: August 2022

People are living in a society where they are not getting any of the basic necessities of life and are struggling to fulfil those basic needs every day. So the economy is the biggest problem in their lives. And in terms of the economy, such people have to depend on the people at the top of society. The above reasons push such people to the status of base people. And even though economically backward people are called lower class people, such people can definitely recover from it and make efforts to raise their economy. But the question arises whether it is possible to live dependent on those at the top based on the economy, listen to the rhetoric of inferiority, and then acquire the rhetoric of superiority. It is also worth noting that people in such a situation have been recorded in association with their caste from early to modern literature. Although the so-called lower class people are said to go to the lowest level due to many factors, efforts can be made to recover from them and move to the top. But if we push them to the bottom with the rhetoric of cashless caste, we should also think about how they can rise above. As a result of thinking like that, this research has been carried out in order to find answers to questions like: what kind of explanation does the book Naladiyar give to the sayings of lower class people, and what is the basis of the distinction between superior and inferior?
Ekalavyan (Ekalaivan) in Jayamohan's Novel "Venmurasu" (Colored Ocean)
Authors: M Rama Devi
Published: August 2022

The Venmurasu is a magnum opus written by author Jayamohan in 26 novels spanning 25,000 pages, which started in January 2014 as a daily chapter on the website. This novel is one of the greatest novels in the world. Varnakadal is one of the 26 novels featured in Jayamohan's Venmurasu. It unfolds in the Mahabharata as the story of the neglected, the defeated, and the passed over. In this, only the history of Ekalaivan, who is one of the representatives of the lower class people, has been taken as the subject of study. This review also explains the plight of Guru Drona, who refused to train him in archery despite being the prince of Asuranadu Garudakulam and the social conditions in which he was treated as an outcast because of being a Vedar clan member on the basis of caste difference. Composed with a different storyline from Vyasa Bharatham, this novel highlights the author Jayamohan's over-imaginative status, the rise to power of the people born into the upper class, and their transgression of the oppressed. Moreover, this analysis also shows that the voices of Ekalavya's father, Hiranyathanus, and mother, Suvarna, are the voices of the lower class against the ruling class.
The Formulas
Authors: Ferencová Miroslava , Szabó Peter
Published: August 2022

The most effective way to express the mathematical and physical research results is by using the formulas. Our article contains the formulas that were the biggest contributors to the development of technical, physical, and mathematical sciences. The formulas can be applied in different research areas. In this article, we will show how to calculate an orbit of a miniature satellite based on the Law of Gravity. For calculations and online recording of results, we are using the MATLAB system. This article contains also a description of some formulas discovered by the authors.
COMPONENTES GENÉTICOS DE CARACTERES AGRONÓMICOS Y DE CALIDAD FISIOLÓGICA DE SEMILLAS EN LÍNEAS DE MAÍZ
Authors: Antuna-Grijalva Oralia , Rincón-Sánchez Froylán , Gutiérrez-del Río Emiliano , Ruiz-Torres Norma Angélica , Bustamante-García Leticia
Published: August 2022

La asociación entre caracteres de la evaluación en campo e indicadores de calidad de semillas y sus componentes genéticos son factores importantes para ampliar la caracterización del germoplasma en un programa de mejoramiento genético. Los objetivos fueron analizar la relación entre los valores medios y los efectos de aptitud combinatoria, y explorar el tipo de acción génica de los caracteres agronómicos y de calidad fisiológica de semillas. El material genético consistió en seis líneas endogámicas de maíz y las cruzas simples entre ellas. Se obtuvo información de la floración masculina, altura de planta, de mazorca y rendimiento de grano. La calidad fisiológica fue determinada con base en el porcentaje de germinación estándar, primer conteo de la prueba de germinación, índice de velocidad y porcentaje de emergencia. Los resultados mostraron amplia variación (P≤0.01) entre los genotipos en todos los caracteres estudiados. Asimismo, se encontró diferencia estadística (P≤0.01) en los efectos de aptitud combinatoria general y específica para todas las variables, excepto el rendimiento de grano. Se identificaron las cruzas 43x10, 4x7, 43x4 y 36x7 con buen potencial de rendimiento, mayor altura de planta y mazorca, pero con asociación inconsistente con los diferentes atributos de calidad fisiológica. Los progenitores 10, 36 y 43 manifestaron buenos índices de calidad fisiológica, más tardíos y reducida altura de planta y mazorca, además de bajo rendimiento de grano. La expresión fenotípica y los efectos genéticos, apoyados por un análisis de correlación indican que no existe asociación directa y significativa entre los caracteres agronómicos y de calidad de semillas. La altura de planta y mazorca, y todas las variables de calidad fisiológica estuvieron determinadas por efectos aditivos, en tanto que los efectos no aditivos fueron el componente principal en la expresión de los días a floración y el rendimiento de grano.
PARÁMETROS GENÉTICOS Y RESPUESTA A LA SELECCIÓN EN CARACTERÍSTICAS DEL CRECIMIENTO DE Cedrela odorata L.
Authors: Sánchez-Monsalvo Vicente , Salazar-García J. Gustavo , Vargas-Hernández J. Jesús , López-Upton Javier , Jasso-Mata Jesús
Published: August 2022

Cedrela odorata L. es una de las especies forestales de mayor valor económico en los bosques tropicales de México. A pesar de su potencial para plantaciones comerciales, se desconoce el nivel de variación genética en características relacionadas con la productividad de la especie. En el presente trabajo se estimaron los parámetros genéticos asociados a características del crecimiento de los árboles (altura, diámetro de altura de pecho –DAP-, volumen e índice de conicidad del fuste) y la respuesta esperada bajo diferentes escenarios de selección, con el propósito de evaluar la posibilidad de iniciar un programa de domesticación de la especie en México. Se utilizaron plantas de cinco años de edad correspondientes a 42 familias de polinización libre, cuya semilla fue colectada en siete localidades del sureste mexicano, y establecidas en un ensayo de progenies en el Campo Experimental “El Palmar”, Ver. En todas las características de crecimiento evaluadas se encontró variación significativa entre familias (P≤0.01). La heredabilidad individual y de familias estimada para la altura fue mayor (h2i =0.65; h2f =0.62) que para volumen del fuste (h2i =0.54; h2f =0.59), DAP (h2i=0.38; h2f =0.59) o índice de conicidad del tronco (h2i =0.38; h2f =0.51), especialmente a nivel individual. Las altas correlaciones genéticas entre estas características (rA≥0.90), además de la mayor heredabilidad estimada, sugieren que la selección a los cinco años de edad con base en la altura puede ser más eficiente para mejorar el crecimiento en volumen y la forma del tronco, que la selección directa. Las ganancias genéticas esperadas en volumen fueron similares (alrededor de 50 %) en los dos escenarios de selección comparados (selección masal y selección familial), y dado que la ganancia es alta existe un amplio potencial para aumentar la productividad en esta población mediante mejoramiento genético.
DIFERENCIACIÓN DE AISLAMIENTOS DE Fusarium graminearum POR PATOGENICIDAD Y PCR
Authors: Leyva-Mir S. Gerardo , Vivas-Enríquez Ma. Leticia , Villaseñor-Mir Héctor , Espitia-Rangel Eduardo , Valadez-Moctezuma Ernestina , Huerta-Espino Julio
Published: August 2022

Con el objetivo de diferenciar aislamientos del agente causal de la roña (Fusarium graminearum Shw. Petch) en el trigo (Triticumaestivum L.), de acuerdo con el grado de patogenicidad y huellas de ADN, se evaluaron 10 aislamientos de F. graminearum procedentes de los estados de México, Michoacán, Jalisco, Tlaxcala y Puebla, en espigas de seis genotipos de trigo harinero: tres moderadamente resistentes (Buc/Alucan, Chil/Chum 18 y Milán) y tres susceptibles (Gálvez, Pavón y Zacatecas). Las espigas se inocularon con cultivos monoconidiales en condiciones de invernadero. Hubo diferencias significativas entre los aislamientos por grado de patogenicidad en una escala de 0 a 5; el aislamiento procedente de Juchitepec, Méx. fue el más patogénico y el de Tepatitlán, Jal., el menos patogénico. La resistencia observada en los genotipos Buc/Alucan, Chil/Chum 18 y Milán no fue la esperada. El análisis del ADN de los aislamientos se realizó con la técnica de RAPDsPCR, y de acuerdo a 0.82 del coeficiente de similitud genética se formaron cinco diferentes grupos, que no mostraron relación con los grupos conformados por el grado de patogenicidad en campo.
DIFERENCIACIÓN DE DOS LÍNEAS DE TOMATE Y SU HÍBRIDO CON MARCADORES MOLECULARES
Authors: Sánchez-Abarca Carlos , Valadez-Moctezuma Ernestina , Carballo-Carballo Aquiles , Castillo-Gonzalez Fernando
Published: August 2022

El presente trabajo se realizó en el Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, de la Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, durante el año de 1996, con el propósito de establecer diferencias y similitudes genómicas de dos líneas de Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. (13-Nar de hábito indeterminado y THE-309 de hábito determinado) y el híbrido resultante de la cruza de ambas, mediante la técnica RAPD. Un total de 101 bandas de ADN que se obtuvieron con seis iniciadores aleatorios de la serie G de Operon, fueron analizadas en el programa NTSYS pc2, con el coeficiente de similaridad genética de agrupamiento simple. El dendrograma respectivo se realizó con el método de agrupamiento UPGMA. Las huellas de ADN generadas con los RAPDs permitieron diferenciar claramente entre y dentro de las poblaciones analizadas.
Factors Related To The Provision Of Complete Basic Immunization To Ballta In Puskesmas Sukajadi District The Year 2022
Authors: Peni Prihatining , Rizki Amalia  , Eka Rahmawati  , Suprida
Published: August 2022

Based on data obtained from The Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI), the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) it is stated that at least 80 million children aged less than 1 year are at risk for suffering from Diphtheria, Measles. and Polio due to disruption of routine immunization services in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes and husband's support simultaneously with the completeness of basic immunization for infants at the Sukajadi Health Center, Banyuasin Regency in 2022. The method in this study used a cross sectional with a population of 45 respondents and a sample of 45 respondents using accidental sampling technique. Data analysis used chi square statistical test with p value value (0.05). The results of this study were from 15 respondents who had good knowledge, 11 people (73.3%) gave complete basic immunization with p value = 0.02, from 23 respondents who had a positive attitude as many as 15 people (65.2%) who gave basic immunization complete p value = 0.02, meanwhile, from 21 respondents who received husband's support as many as 16 people (76.2%) p value = 0.001. From this study, we can conclude that there is a simultaneous relationship between knowledge, attitude and husband's support for the completeness of basic immunization for children under five at the Sukajadi Public Health Center, Banyuasin Regency in 2022
Evaluation of Skull Morphometry in Computed Tomography Images and Calculation of the Cephalic Index
Authors: BAKIRCI Sinan , ÖNER Serkan
Published: August 2022

Background: The percentage distribution of skull types varies considerably between societies. Skull typing is done according to cephalic index calculation. The aim of this study is to calculate the cephalic index by making cephalometric measurements on CT images obtained from people living in our geography, and also to reveal the percentage ratios of skull types and the difference between genders.Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on computerized tomography images obtained retrospec-tively of 80 healthy young adults aged 20-40 years. Measurements were made in the sagittal and coronal planes.Results: The mean values of skull length (mm), skull width (mm), and cephalic index were 182.09±6.67, 146.60±6.30, and 80.59±4.26% in males, respectively; 173.45±6.98, 140.41±6.53 and 81.07±4.48% in fe-males. Skull length and width were higher in males than females, and the difference was statistically signifi-cant (p<0.05). Skull type percentages in males 10% dolichocephalic, 37.5% mesocephalic, 37.5% brachyce-phalic, and 15% hyperbrachycephalic; it was found as 7.5% dolichocephalic, 42.5% mesocephalic, 27.5% brachycephalic, and 22.5% hyperbrachycephalic in women. The difference between the genders in terms of the cephalic index was not significant (p>0.05). The cephalic index was moderately negatively correlated with skull length and moderately positively correlated with skull width.Conclusions: We believe that the data of our study will be useful for anatomists, anthropologists, archaeolo-gists, forensic medicine specialists, and head surgeons. It will also be important in terms of devices and tools developed for external use for the head and face region.
Effects of Femoral Remnant Preservation During Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction on the Clinical and Functional Outcomes
Authors: ÇETİN Baki Volkan , ALTAY Mehmet Akif , SİPAHİOĞLU Serkan , YAZAR İzzettin
Published: August 2022

Background: The aim of this study is to compare the functional and clinical results of the femoral remnant-sparing reconstruction technique with the standard technique in the surgical reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears.Materials and Methods: 150 patients (all men) who underwent surgery for ACL tear were included in the pros-pective randomized study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. In Group A (n=75), ACL reconst-ruction with preservation of tibial and femoral remnants was performed using hamstring tendon autograft. In group B (n=75), standard reconstruction technique was performed with hamstring tendon autograft and femoral remnants were removed while tibial remnants were preserved. The mean age of patients in Group A was 27.23±5.64 years, and 26.72±5.82 years in Group B. The interval between trauma and operation was 4.36±3.21 months in Group A and 3.56±3.08 months in Group B. The mean follow-up period of the patients was 38.05±6.11 months for Group A and 36.86±8.04 months for Group B. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of age of the patients, interval between trauma and operation and follow-up periods (p˃0.05). Clinical outcomes of surgery were evaluated using Lysholm score, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Subjective IKDC 2000 knee score, and physical instability tests.Results: Statistically significant improvement was detected in the preoperative Lysholm, subjective and objective IKDC knee scores, joint range of motion and knee stability tests (Lachman, Pivot Shift, Anterior Drawer) of Group A and Group B patients (p<0.001). When preoperative and postoperative comparisons were made between the groups in early (18 months) controls, a significant increase was found in favor of Group A in Lysholm, subjective and objective IKDC knee scores (p˂0.05). There were no significant differences in Lysholm, subjective and objecti-ve IKDC knee scores, joint range of motion, and knee stability tests (Lachman, Pivot Shift, Forward drawer) at the last follow-up of the patients (p˃0.05).Conclusions: In the surgical reconstruction of ACL tears, the histologically determined theoretical contribution of ACL femoral remnants in ACL reconstruction performed by preserving the femoral remnants is not clearly obser-ved in clinical and functional results.
Dimensi Kecerdasan Aq (Adversity Quotient) Anak dalam Perspektif Kurikulum 2013 Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Kahfi Muhammad Alim
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kecerdasan AQ (Adversity Quotient) pada anak usia dini yang didasarkan pada kajian isi kurikulum 2013 Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Pentingnya penelitian ini dikarenakan masih sering ditemukan pola asuh, pendidikan oleh orang tua dan sekolah terhadap anak-anak dilaksanakan dengan cara memanjakannya. Mereka tidak sadar bahwa pola asuh dan pendidikan dengan memanjakan anak (spoiling) adalah merusak dan membuat anak tidak berdaya. Akibatnya masih banyak anak kita yang sudah dewasa ketika dihadapkan pada masalah yang sangat sederhana mereka tidak mampu mengatasinya dan masih meminta bantuan orang lain terutama pada kedua orang tuanya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: Pertama Ditemukan spirit dalam muatan kurikulum 2013 PAUD yang dapat meningkatkan kecerdasan AQ anak usia dini dalam kategori climber (pendaki), hal tersebut dapat dilihat pada: struktur kurikulum 2013 PAUD, sistem pembelajaran kurikulum 2013 PAUD dengan pendekatan saintifik dan penilaian kurikulum 2013 PAUD dengan model penilaian otentik. Kurikulum 2013 PAUD berbasis kecerdasan AQ memberikan dorongan dan peningkatan siswa lebih mandiri dan terbiasa menyelesaikan masalah. Adapun kemampuan dan kompetensi siswa yang dapat dikembangkan diantaranya adalah: (1) kemandirian anak, (2) kepercayaan diri, (3) rasa ingin tahu, (4) berdaya tahan tinggi, (5) motivasi meraih cita-cita yang tinggi, (6) semangat berkarya, (7)  kondisi ceria dan pebuh kegembiraan, (8) kesehatan emosional, dan (9) memiliki tekad yang kuat.
Peran Guru Pendamping Khusus pada Program Layanan Pendidikan Inklusi di TK Idaman Banjarbaru
Authors: Liani Siti , Barsihanor Barsihanor , Hafiz Abdul
Published: August 2022

The concept of learning in inclusion education requires the right strategy. The strategy is tailored to the needs of children with special needs. Ability in classroom management is emphasized for a teacher in an inclusion school, in addition, teachers are required to have competencies in managing learning and understanding aspects of children's development. This research aims to find out the role of special companion teachers in the program inclusion education services at Tk Idaman Banjarbaru. The role of a special companion teachers in the inclusion education service program at Tk Idaman Banjarbaru is carried out in several ways, namely: assessing students at the beginning of the new school year by involving psychologists to find out the types and levels of problems that children experience, making  Individual Learning Programs that are suitable for children with special needs, which are carried out through learning in the classroom and also through resource space provided in order to provide stimulus to ABK, and play a role in assessing, and edification of standards / indicators that have been adjusted to the circumstances of students with special needs.
Peran Ayah dalam Mendampingi Anak selama Masa Belajar Dari Rumah (BDR) Covid-19
Authors: Bali Engelbertus Nggalu , Betty Credo G.
Published: August 2022

Pandemi COVID-19 telah mendistorsi aspek pendidikan di Indonesia tidak terkecuali Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD). Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran peran ayah dalam mendampingi anak selama belajar dari rumah (BDR). Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian menggunakan wawancara. Wawancara dilakukan kepada 8 orang ayah yang memiliki anak usia dini dan tersebar dibeberapa kelurahan di kota Kupang. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan melalui; pengumpulan data, penyajian data, reduksi data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan peran ayah dalam mendampingi anak sangat bervariasi diantaranya; Penyedia fasilitas anak (provider); ayah berperan dalam emberikan fasilitas yang dibutuhkan anak selama BDR. Pemberi perlindungan (Protecting and providing); Ayah Memberikan perlindungan bagi anak dari penyebaran virus COVID-19, Sebagai pengambil keputusan (Decision maker): Ayah melibatkan anak dalam mengambil keputusan selama masa BDR.
Ferroelectric properties of BaTiO3 nanocube self-assembled monolayers: an investigation using piezoresponse force microscopy
Authors: Itasaka Hiroki , Mimura Ken-ichi , Yasui Kyuichi , Hamamoto Koichi , Kato Kazumi
Published: August 2022

We investigated the ferroelectric properties of barium titanate (BTO) nanocube self-assembled monolayers with and without heat treatment using piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). Observations of polarization switching behavior confirmed that BTO nanocube monolayers about 15 nm thick are ferroelectric, even without heat treatment. Vertical PFM phase imaging of the monolayers revealed that heat treatment changed the ferroelectric polarization distribution in the monolayers at 800 °C. Atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy suggested that this change originated from the residual stress caused by mechanical interactions between neighboring BTO nanocubes and between the monolayers and the substrate.
Penggunaan Arbitrage Pricing Theory untuk Menganalisis Return Saham pada Perusahaan Sub Sektor Perbankan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Periode 2015-2021
Authors:   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, Sahdiah Fitri Halimatus , Komara Fitriani ,   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Purpose: This research aimed to find out and analyze the impact of inflation, exchange rates, and gross domestic product to the stock returns on the banking companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange (IDX) from2015 to 2021. Method: The sample collection technique used in this study was purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 29 samples of banking companies. The research used descriptive and associative data analysis methods. The data analysis technique used is panel data regression analysis technique and using secondary data sources. Results: The study results with simultaneous hypothesis testing showed that the inflation, exchange rates, and gross domestic product had a significant influence on the stock returns. Partial testing of the hypothesis showed that the exchange rates had a negative influence on the stock returns. Inflation and GDP there is no significant on the stock returns. Limitations: Returns based on the difference in stock prices at the end of the year, using macroeconomic factors that are often used, are limited to companies in the banking sub-sector for the 2015-2021 period, and the value of determination is 16.99%, which means that there are many other factors that affect stock returns. Contribution: This research can be used for adding knowledge in the investing, especially in the capital market, so as to minimize errors in investment decision making and consideration in investment activities in banking companies. Keywords: 1. APT 2. Inflation 3. Exchange Rates 4. Stock Returns
FUNKCINĖ DISPEPSIJA: DIAGNOSTIKA IR GYDYMAS
Authors: Inčiūraitė Nida , Pikčiūnaitė Evelina , Inčiūraitė Rūta
Published: August 2022

Dispepsija yra simptomų kompleksas, apimantis vir­šutinę ir vidurinę pilvo sritį, pasireiškiantis skausmu ar deginimu epigastriume, pilnumo po valgio arba ankstyvo sotumo jausmu. Darbo tikslas – remiantis naujausiomis mokslinėmis publikacijomis, apžvelgti funkcinės dispep­sijos diagnostikos bei gydymo galimybes. Rezultatai ir išvados. Funkcinė dispepsija diagnozuojama esant tipi­niams nusiskundimams, ir atmetus kitą viršutinio virš­kinamojo trakto ir viršutinės pilvo dalies organų pato­logiją, galinčią pasireikšti panašiais simptomais. Šios būklės gydymas priklauso nuo vyraujančių simptomų ir yra individualus kiekvienam pacientui. Pirmaeiliai vaistai funkcinei dispepsijai gydyti – protonų siurblio inhibitoriai, o nepasiekus optimalaus atsako į gydymą, gali būti skiriami psichotropiniai vaistai, retais atvejais – prokinetikai, papildomam simptomų mažinimui pasi­telkiant nemedikamentinius gydymo būdus.
PETIES ROTATORIŲ STOGELIO PLYŠIMAS: EPIDEMIOLOGIJA, ETIOLOGIJA, KLASIFIKACIJA, SIMPTOMAI, DIAGNOSTIKA, GYDYMAS
Authors: Dautorius Airidas , Masiulionytė Dovilė
Published: August 2022

Peties sąnario mažetės plyšimas – viena dažniausiai pasitaikančių peties patologijų, kuri gali sukelti lėtinį skausmą, sąnario nestabilumą, prarastą sąnario funkciją. Paplitimas siekia iki 34 procentų. Etiologija paremta dau­geliu priežasčių, dažniausios iš jų yra amžiniai sąnario pokyčiai, traumos, genetika. Gydymo būdai skirstomi į dvi kategorijas: chirurginis ir konservatyvusis. Esant nedidelių pažeidimų, taikomos fizioterapinės procedū­ros, nesteroidiniai vaistai nuo uždegimo, vietinės vaistų injekcijos. Viso sausgyslių storio plyšimui, po ūminių traumų, arba kai konservatyvios priemonės neefektyvios, taikomas chirurginio gydymo principas.
PERIOPERATIVE PATIENT BLOOD MANAGEMENT
Authors: Cechanovičiūtė Vaiva , Barauskaitė Emilija , Cechanovičienė Inga
Published: August 2022

Anemia and its treatment using red blood cell (RBC) transfusions are known to be the risk factors for posto­perative morbidity and mortality. These disadvantages led to the need for an approach that supports the proper and timely evaluation and management of anemia as well as a rational utilization of blood products. In recent de­cades, the World Health Organization (WHO) advoca­ted Patient Blood Management (PBM), which focuses on the patient’s own blood as a resource that should be conserved and managed appropriately, and the avoidance of irrational use of blood transfusions. The implemen­tation of PBM in the perioperative period is based on 3 pillars: 1. the optimization of the erythrocyte volume, through early detection of anemia before surgery, its pro­per management, and evaluation of applied treatment; 2. minimization of blood loss, by limiting blood drawn for blood testing, adhering to adequate anesthetic principles to maintain hemodynamics, using blood-sparing surgical techniques, implementing viscoelastic methods for the evaluation of blood, and prescribing antifibrinolytics; 3. optimization of the patient’s physiological tolerance toward anemia and rational usage of blood transfusion, which can be achieved by ensuring optimized cardiac output, minimized oxygen consumption, and maximi­zed oxygen delivery to tissues as well as following a restrictive RBC transfusion strategy.
Movilidad humana: perspectiva de Protección Internacional
Authors: Lepri Gionvanni , Cardona Huerta Sofía , Salas Segovia Uriel
Published: August 2022

El desplazamiento forzado y la migración han visto un aumento significativo en los últimos años, llegando a números récord de personas refugiadas, migrantes y desplazadas registradas respectivamente por acnur y por la Organización Internacional para las Migraciones (oim). Un número significativo de personas en movilidad se desplazan en lo que se denomina movimientos mixtos o flujos mixtos, y el debate público tiende a discutir estos flujos utilizando de manera indistinta los términos migrantes o refugiados. Sin embargo, hay diferencias sustanciales ente los dos términos y lo que puede parecer una distinción semántica, tiene consecuencias profundas en el marco del derecho internacional. Esto lleva a la necesidad de examinar nuevamente la distinción entre los términos migrantes y refugiados a nivel conceptual y jurídico, y las consecuencias que derivan de esta distinción, particularmente en lo relacionado al marco jurídico de protección aplicable a personas en movilidad.
VILLAIN AND HERO OF THE WARS: BRIGADIER-GENERAL BENJAMIN ADEKUNLE AND THE NIGERIA CIVIL WAR, 1967-1970
Authors: IDRIS RIDWAN TOSHO
Published: August 2022

The paper examines the role that Brigadier General Benjamin Adekunle, otherwise referred to as the Black Scorpion or Benjy played during the Nigerian Civil War. Brigadier-General Adekunle served as the Commander of Garrison, the 3rd Marine Commando Division of the Nigeria Army. The study is set to achieve two main objectives. The first is to put into historical perspective, Benjamin Adekunle’s birth, childhood, and military career; the second is to analyze the two sides of Benjy during the civil war, and third, his portrayal as both a hero and villain during the civil war. The study relied on secondary sources of data from textbooks, peer-reviewed journals, internet documents, newspapers and individual commentaries on Benjamin Adekunle. The study reveals that Adekunle was described as a villain because he explored some unconventional and brutal war strategies against Biafrans, who were hitherto Nigerians and so by extension, his fellow countrymen. As a hero,he had an unrepentant strategy to rescue Nigeria from disintegration. The study recommends that while winning is the ultimate goal of any war, officers must be humane and reduce collateral damage in the course of duty.
GLOBALIZATION AND CONFLICT IN AFRICA: INSIGHTS FROM THE NIGER DELTA CRISIS
Authors: INOKOBA PREYE KURO , JOHNSON ALALIBO SINIKIEM
Published: August 2022

Undoubtedly, Africa is one continent that has had its fair share of the impact of the all-embracing and contradictory process of Globalization. Against the position of neo-liberal scholars and apologists who present globalization as a remedy to all socio-economic and political challenges, the African reality has not been encouraging and favourable especially its linkage to different theatres of conflict on the continent. It is in the light of this that the research studied the interplay and impact between globalization and conflict on the people, societies and states of Africa. To achieve this objective, the study makes use of secondary data. And to give theoretical direction to the research work the study is based on the Marxian Structural Conflict Theory. To concretize our argument, the Niger Delta resource and environmental conflict situation is used as the papers’ case study. After an exhaustive analysis of the available data, the discourse comes to the conclusion that globalization has acted and continues to act as a stimulant to the various conflict situations in Africa. And that this interplay has brought a lot of hardship, pain and agony to the people and societies of the African continent.