bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In‐situ observation of electrical tree evolution in epoxy dielectrics with internal cracks
Authors: Wu Zehua , Tian Huidong , Zhu Sijia , Li He , Wang Qingyu , Xie Zongliang , Liu Peng , Peng Zongren
Published: December 2020

Gas‐filled internal crack might appear in thermoset materials like epoxy resin during the equipment manufacturing, which would become a vulnerable local region to initiate the electrical tree, thus prone to cause insulation failure. The withstand voltage test was carried on epoxy samples with artificial cracks based on a rod‐plane electrode arrangement. Simultaneously, surface state variation and tree evolution with crack were observed by an optical microscope in conjunction with a charge‐coupled device camera. The changes in morphology and chemical status of the crack surface were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, laser Raman spectrometer and energy dispersive spectrometer, respectively. It was found that the erosion and tree started from the borderline of crack under a relatively low electric field strength; however, the area near the electrode had relatively little damage. The breaking of epoxy molecular chains coarsens the crack surface and further forms deep channels on a micro‐level, which is the forerunner of the electrical tree inception. Based on these, the initiation mechanisms of the crack‐induced electrical tree and the reasons for the erosion near the borderline have been revealed. This study provides a train thought for the polymer degradation opening up into the initial tree channel during tree evolution processes.
ShuffleNet‐based comprehensive diagnosis for insulation and mechanical faults of power equipment
Authors: Wang Yanxin , Yan Jing , Sun Qifeng , Zhao Yiming , Liu Tingliang
Published: December 2020

Despite the complicated fault mechanism of power equipment, with the increasing promotion and development of the Ubiquitous Power Internet of Things (UPIoT), the fault information of power equipment can be instantly saved, which makes possible intelligent diagnosis via fault samples. This study proposes a new method to implement comprehensive intelligent diagnosis by adopting the ShuffleNet lightweight convolution neural network (SLCNN). Considering the requirements of the UPIoT intelligent terminal, this study constructs six models, which are measured in terms of recognition accuracy, model storage, and calculation cost when applied to insulation and mechanical datasets. Compared with the existing models, the SLCNN outperforms them significantly in terms of recognition accuracy, with an accuracy of 95.77% and 99.9% in insulation and mechanical fault diagnoses, respectively. The SLCNN also demonstrates obvious advantages in other performance indicators, all of which contribute to its use in the accurate and reliable fault diagnosis of power equipment in the UPIoT context. Furthermore, through comparing feature maps, it is discovered that the aliasing degree and boundary of insulation defects are not as obvious as those of mechanical faults, which means that insulation fault diagnosis is much more difficult than mechanical fault diagnosis.
Completely blind image quality assessment via contourlet energy statistics
Authors: Li Chaofeng , Guan Tuxin , Zheng Yuhui , Jin Bo , Wu Xiaojun , Bovik Alan
Published: December 2020

An aim of completely blind image quality assessment (BIQA) is to develop algorithms which can grade image quality without any prior knowledge of the images. Here, a new contourlet energy statistics based completely on blind opinion‐unaware BIQA (OU‐BIQA) method is proposed, which can predict the perceptual severity of a range of image distortion types without requiring any prior knowledge. According to the energy distribution of the contourlet sub‐bands of natural images in log‐domain, the lower‐scale sub‐band energy can be predicted by the corresponding higher‐scale sub‐band energies of distorted images. A quality model is then constructed by quantifying the difference between predicted energy and realistic energy. Meanwhile, an effective method for adjusting and compensating an undesired distortion is integrated into the quality model. Experimental results show that the proposed new method outperforms state‐of‐the‐art OU‐BIQA models on relevant portions of TID2013 database, and is competitive on the LIVE IQA database. Moreover, the proposed model is very fast, suggesting a real‐time solution to high‐performance BIQA.
Digital image steganalysis: A survey on paradigm shift from machine learning to deep learning based techniques
Authors: Selvaraj Arivazhagan , Ezhilarasan Amrutha , Wellington Sylvia Lilly Jebarani , Sam Ananthi Roy
Published: December 2020

Steganography, a branch of data hiding techniques aims to hide confidential information within any digital media by obscuring the existence of hidden information. On the contrary, steganalysis aims to detect steganography. With the advent of powerful steganographic algorithms, the process of cracking them became very challenging. Traditional steganalysis following machine learning principle employs a two‐step process, with first process extracting highly sophisticated features capable of discriminating hidden message from original data and second process classifying the input as innocent or guilty. In recent years, deep learning which has its roots in artificial neural networks emerged as a brilliant alternative for many computer vision tasks. A review of recent research works in deep learning based digital image steganalysis is presented here. The paradigm shift from machine learning approaches to employing more promising deep learning architectures, observed with the current research community and hence in literature has been presented here in chronological order. Deep learning can unify the two‐step process into a single process by giving the ability for machine to learn end‐to‐end by itself. The use of Convolutional Neural Networks to perform steganalysis in spatial or transform or combination of both domains has effectively lowered the detection error rates.
Constraints on the spectral index of polarized synchrotron emission from WMAP and Faraday-corrected S-PASS data
Authors: Fuskeland U. , Andersen K. J. , Aurlien R. , Banerji R. , Brilenkov M. , Eriksen H. K. , Galloway M. , Gjerløw E. , Næss S. K. , Svalheim T. L. , Wehus I. K.
Published: December 2020

We constrain the spectral index of polarized synchrotron emission, βs, by correlating the recently released 2.3 GHz S-Band Polarization All Sky Survey (S-PASS) data with the 23 GHz 9-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) sky maps. We subdivide the S-PASS field, which covers the southern ecliptic hemisphere, into 95 15° ×15° regions and estimate the spectral index of polarized synchrotron emission within each region using a simple but robust T–T plot technique. Three different versions of the S-PASS data are considered, corresponding to: no correction for Faraday rotation; Faraday correction based on the rotation measure model presented by the S-PASS team; or Faraday correction based on a rotation measure model presented by Hutschenreuter and Enßlin. We find that the correlation between S-PASS and WMAP is strongest when applying the S-PASS model. Adopting this correction model, we find that the mean spectral index of polarized synchrotron emission gradually steepens from βs ≈ −2.8 at low Galactic latitudes to βs ≈ −3.3 at high Galactic latitudes, in good agreement with previously published results. The flat spectral index at the low Galactic latitudes is likely partly due to depolarization effects. Finally, we consider two special cases defined by the BICEP2 and SPIDER fields and obtain mean estimates of βBICEP2 = −3.22 ± 0.06 and βSPIDER = −3.21 ± 0.03, respectively. Adopting the bandpass filtered WMAP 23 GHz sky map to only include angular scales between 2° and 10° as a spatial template, we constrain the root-mean-square synchrotron polarization amplitude to be less than 0.03 μK (0.009 μK) at 90 GHz (150 GHz) for the BICEP2 field, corresponding roughly to a tensor-to-scalar ratio of r ≲ 0.02 (r ≲ 0.005). Very similar constraints are obtained for the SPIDER field. A comparison with a similar analysis performed in the 23–33 GHz range suggests a flattening of about Δβs ∼ 0.1 ± 0.2 from low to higher frequencies, but with no statistical significance due to high uncertainties.
Inhomogeneity in the early Galactic chemical enrichment exposed by beryllium abundances in extremely metal-poor stars
Authors: Smiljanic R. , Zych M. G. , Pasquini L.
Published: December 2020

Context. Abundances of beryllium in metal-poor stars scale linearly with metallicity down to [Fe/H] ∼ −3.0. In the stars where Be has been detected at this extremely metal-poor regime, an increased abundance scatter has been previously reported in the literature. This scatter could indicate a flattening of the relation between Be abundances and metallicity.

Aims. Our aim is to perform a new investigation of Be abundances in extremely metal-poor stars and try to clarify whether a Be abundance plateau exists. We revisited the Be abundances in a sample of nine dwarfs with metallicities close to [Fe/H] ∼ −3.0. Additionally, we analysed the Be lines in the spectra of stars BPS BS 16968-0061 and CD-33 1173 for the first time.

Methods. We took advantage of Gaia DR2 parallaxes to refine values of the surface gravity of the stars. Updated values of surface gravity can have a significant impact on the determination of Be abundances. The other atmospheric parameters were computed using photometric and spectroscopic data. Abundances of Be were determined using spectrum synthesis and model atmospheres.

Results. Some of the stars indeed suggest a flattening. Over about a 0.5 dex range in metallicity, between [Fe/H] ∼ −2.70 and −3.26, the Be abundances stay mostly constant at about log(Be/H) ∼ −13.2 dex. Nevertheless, for several stars, we could only place upper limits that are below that level. Most of the sample stars are consistent with having been formed at the progenitor of the so-called Gaia-Enceladus merger. Two out of the three stars likely formed in-situ are the ones that deviate the most from the linear relation.

Conclusions. The mixed origin of these extremely metal-poor stars offers a clue to understanding the flattening. We suggest that our observations can be naturally understood as a consequence of the inhomogeneous star forming conditions in the early Galaxy. Without efficient mixing, the early interstellar medium would be characterised by a large scatter in Fe abundances at a given moment. Beryllium, on the other hand, because of its origins in cosmic-ray spallation, would have more homogeneous abundances (in a Galaxy-wide sense). We therefore suggest that the observed flattening of the Be-versus-metallicity relation reflects a stronger scatter in the Galactic Fe abundances at a given age.
Polarization calibration techniques for the new-generation VLBI
Authors: Martí-Vidal I. , Mus A. , Janssen M. , de Vicente P. , González J.
Published: December 2020

The calibration and analysis of polarization observations in very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) requires the use of specific algorithms that suffer from several limitations, closely related to assumptions in the data properties that may not hold in observations taken with new-generation VLBI equipment. Currently, the instantaneous bandwidth achievable with VLBI backends can be as high as several gigahertz, covering several radio bands simultaneously. In addition, the sensitivity of VLBI observations with the most updated equipment may reach dynamic ranges of tens of thousands, both in total intensity and polarization. In this paper, we discuss the impact of the limitations of common VLBI polarimetry algorithms on narrow-field observations taken with modern VLBI arrays, from the VLBI Global Observing System to the Event Horizon Telescope, and present new software that overcomes these limitations. In particular, our software is able to perform a simultaneous fit of multiple calibrator sources, include nonlinear terms in the model of the instrumental polarization and use a self-calibration approach for the estimate of the polarization leakage in the antenna receivers.
Sensitivity of solar wind mass flux to coronal temperature
Authors: Stansby D. , Berčič L. , Matteini L. , Owen C. J. , French R. J. , Baker D. , Badman S. T.
Published: December 2020

Solar wind models predict that the mass flux carried away from the Sun in the solar wind should be extremely sensitive to the temperature in the corona, where the solar wind is accelerated. We perform a direct test of this prediction in coronal holes and active regions using a combination of in situ and remote sensing observations. For coronal holes, a 50% increase in temperature from 0.8 to 1.2 MK is associated with a tripling of the coronal mass flux. This trend is maintained within active regions at temperatures over 2 MK, with a four-fold increase in temperature corresponding to a 200-fold increase in coronal mass flux.
Multi-criteria approaches to electric power system development
Authors: Belyaev Nikolay , Egorov Andrey , Korovkin Nikolay , Chudny Vladimir
Published: December 2020

The paper considers the issues of multi-criteria optimization procedure when planning the development of electric power systems (hereinafter - EPS). The advantages of multi-criteria approach as compared to the standard statement of a problem dealing with the justification for EPS development and feasible criteria for such a development have been examined. The problem of optimization of the structure of generating capacities within the power system has been stated and solved on the basis of four criteria; the analysis of obtained results has been carried out.
Analysis of electricity supply systems flexibility and problems to be investigated
Authors: Kosmina Evgeniya , Nikolai Voropai
Published: December 2020

The problem of electric power systems (EPS) flexibility is discussed, definition of EPS flexibility is given. Causes of EPS flexibility degradation and measures for flexibility enhancement are analyzed based on the review of publications. Urgent problems of EPS flexibility studies are identified and directions of further studies of the electricity supply systems are grounded.
Development of a simulation model of an integrated multi-energy system based on the energy hub concept
Authors: Voropai Nikolai , Gerasimov Dmitry , Serdyukova Ekaterina , Suslov Konstantin
Published: December 2020

Transformation of energy systems under the impact of internal and external factors remarkably strengthens the technological integration of those systems and supports development of integrated multienergy systems. The paper discusses the problems of modeling the integrated energy systems and proposes an approach to construction of a simulation model using the Matlab/Simulink software and the energy hub concept.
A bad data detection approach to EPS state estimation based on fuzzy sets and wavelet analysis
Authors: Kolosok Irina , Gurina Liudmila
Published: December 2020

The paper offers an algorithm for detection of erroneous measurements (bad data) that occur at cyberattacks against systems for data acquisition, processing and transfer and cannot be detected by conventional methods of measurement validation at EPS state estimation. Combined application of wavelet analysis and theory of fuzzy sets when processing the SCADA and WAMS measurements produces higher accuracy of the estimates obtained under incomplete and uncertain data and demonstrates the efficiency of proposed approach for practical computations in simulated cyberattacks.
Methods and Technologies for Ensuring the Reliability of Excitation of Synchronous Generators of Small Hydroelectric Power Stations in Uzbekistan
Authors: Kenjaev Baxtiyor , Paluanov Daniyar , Mamatkulov Dilmurat , Romanova Victoria
Published: December 2020

The paper considers a method for protecting a direct current exciter from remagnetization in transient modes. A schematic diagram of the synchronous generator excitation system with an exciter protection device and a description of its operation are given. The proposed technical solution eliminates the violation of the excitation mode and provides high reliability of uninterrupted operation of synchronous generators of small hydroelectric power stations (HPS) by eliminating the possibility of damage to the device that protects the exciter from demagnetization and remagnetization.
Topological system method of formation of transformer transformation coefficients
Authors: Akhmetbayev Dauren S. , Dzhandigulov Abdigali R. , Bystrova Svetlana V.
Published: December 2020

A systematic approach to determining the control range of the on-load tap-changer of transformers from the standpoint of the synthesis of the voltage mode is proposed. Transformations of the equation of nodal voltages, formalized on the basis of the topology of a complex electrical network, with respect to the transformation ratios of transformers are given.
Evaluation of the stability of the parametric phase number converter
Authors: Bedritskiy Ivan , Jurayeva Kamila , Bazarov Laziz
Published: December 2020

In the article related issues to the stability assessment of a parametric converter of the number of phases of a ferroresonance nature are analyzed. The areas of change in the characteristic parameters of the converter that guarantee its stable operation are considered.
Experimental research of the power quality at the photovoltaic power stations in the power system of Uzbekistan
Authors: Kakhraman Allaev , Gulasal Musinova
Published: December 2020

This article discusses the issues of ensuring the power quality. An analysis of the higher harmonics arising from the operation of photovoltaic power stations is made. The results of experimental research are presented. Based on the measurement and calculation data, time diagrams of changes in the parameters of the electrical system mode for the studied periods of time were constructed.
Development of contactless solid state voltage relay
Authors: Abduraimov Erkin , Khalmanov Dilshad
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the research issues of compact, reliable, high-speed semiconductor solid-state non-contact voltage relays with an increased service life, combining a sensitive system and a powerful actuator with a sinusoidal voltage curve at the load. Theoretical studies of a controlled resistive and non-autonomous dynamic circuit, consisting of a thyristor connected in series with a parallel circuit containing a capacitance and an active resistance, under the influence of an external sinusoidal voltage, which can be used in control circuits of power thyristors, are presented. An experimental characteristic is shown with a description of the operating principle of the developed solid-state non-contact voltage relay.
An algorithm for controlling a traction asynchronous drive that minimizes electrical power losses
Authors: Burkhanhodjaev Abit , Iksar Elena , Idriskhodjaeva Mokhira
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the improvement of traction and energy performance main-line locomotives due to more complete use of possibilities of flexible microprocessor control and efficient algorithm that provides reduction of electrical losses in the traction asynchronous drive over the entire range working capacity. In the best way for a promising loco is tract with using a traction asynchronous drive. Such kind of tract drives allow completely use of the coupling mass of loco compares with collector track drive, due to the absence of a collector it is possible to increase the active length of the rotor and high reliability which makes it possible to realize increased axial power.
Experimental study of the field in the gap of synchronous machine with the use of sinusoidal turns
Authors: Gulzoda Mustafaquliva , Giyos Maxmadiyev , Odiljon Zaripov , Shaxlo Zaripova
Published: December 2020

The paper deals with experimental study of the gap of a synchronous machine with using sinusoidal turns. The characteristics of a three-phase short circuit and the current dependence of the winding excitation are presented. Static modes of operation of synchronous machines in the stationary state of the rotor by supplying the stator and rotor windings with a direct current conducted by means of sinusoidal and cosine-shaped turns with respect to the transverse axis established in the air gap on the rotor surface along the longitudinal and transverse axes, respectively.
Research of nonlinear electric chains with two and more nonlinear elements in systems power supply
Authors: Burkhankhodzhayev A. M. , Nurmatov B. A.
Published: December 2020

Work it is devoted to research of autoparametrical fluctuations at a frequency of the third subharmonica in nonlinear electric chains by two nonlinear elements. Conditions and a zone of steady excitement of a subharmonica of the third order, and also critical parameters the subharmonicas of the third providing steady excitement an order are defined.
Research and development of resonant electromagnetic vibration screen for intensive vibration technologies
Authors: Nuraliyev Almukhan , Ibadullayev Mukhtorkhon
Published: December 2020

In the article the development and use of controlled electromagnetic vibration drives used in the field of intensive vibration technologies are considered. Method is proposed for adjustment of amplitude and frequency of vibration of working element of vibrating screen, which improves efficiency of cutting, its dynamic and energy indices. By solving the differential equations of the system, its main characteristics, which can be used in the calculation and design of electromagnets, are determined. For experimental research, a vibrator was developed with a drive from a two-stroke electromagnetic exciter. Based on the results of the studies, it was established that the adjustment of the near-resonance mode when the load changes can always be provided by changing the frequency of the thyristor converter voltage pulses. Optimal combinations of amplitudes and oscillation frequencies of the developed vibration sieve are determined.
Questions of development and use of renewable energy sources for low power enterprises
Authors: Shuxrat Dungboyev , Karimov Abdumalik , Karshiyeva Nilufar
Published: December 2020

Main problems of traditional and renewable energy development in the ecological context are considered in the article. The experience of developed industrial states in solving environmental problems and the work carried out in this direction in our country is presented. Today, many countries have a number of renewable energy targets: reducing greenhouse gas emissions, increasing the share of renewable energy sources in final energy consumption and meeting the growing demand for energy. Thus, the use of such sources of electricity as wind turbines, solar power plants or small hydroelectric power plants in the minimum configuration, which includes only an energy converter (wind turbine with a PVC generator or a hydraulic turbine with a generator) and a device for converting electric current parameters to standard values (inverter, stabilizer), not in able to provide high-quality and guaranteed constant power supply to the consumer.
Analysis of the control system of electric motors of the running gear of self-propelled mine cars used in complex mining and technological conditions
Authors: Haqberdiev Alim , Toshov Javokhir
Published: December 2020

This article discusses the disadvantages of electric motor control systems for the running gear of mine self-propelled cars of the 5vs-15M brand used for transporting ore to conveyor transport at the Tyubegatan potash Deposit and analyzes the use of a control system with a frequency Converter. Based on the results of the analysis of the recommended possible options for the electric drive, it is advisable to conduct further studies of the electric drive based on an asynchronous motor and a power circuit of a frequency converter.
The ways ensuring energy balance in Uzbekistan
Authors: Akhmedov Otabek , Begmullaev Otabek
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the problems of ensuring the energy balance in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The energy system of Uzbekistan is a vertically integrated structure, which is based on electricity source generation and distribution networks. The article considers the measures significant for the introduction of renewable energy sources in the energy balance of Uzbekistan. Data on the potential of renewable energy sources and alternative energy development of Uzbekistan is presented in the paper as well.
Development of specific standards of energy consumption by types of produced products of the spinning product
Authors: Hoshimov F A. , Bakhadirov I I , Kurbanbayeva M S , Aytbayev N.A.
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the regulation of the energy consumption of a spinning enterprise. For a certain pattern of changes in power consumption and specific power consumption, we studied the hourly performance, which determines the performance of the machine. On the basis of the predicted values of the volume of production, the norms of electricity consumption were developed, which are reflected, taking into account its specificity, the energy intensity of products. When developing the norm, a calculated static method was adopted, based on the analysis of static data for a number of previous years, on the actual consumption of electricity, the volume of output of factors influencing their change.
Features of operation of the grid connected photovoltaic power station with a capacity of 10 kW
Authors: Yuldoshev Isroil , Shoguchkarov Sanjar , Jamolov Tulqin , Rustamova Shakhnoza
Published: December 2020

Photovoltaic power station (PPS) operating function (without redundancy) with a nominal capacity of 10 kW connected to the low voltage electrical network established by "Zhejiang Chint Electrics Co Ltd" (PRC) under Tashkent conditions is defined. Operation parameters and characteristics of the PPS and parameters at the output of the network inverter are given. The deviations of voltage of each phase from the standard nominal voltage at the point of electric network transmission are studied. The analysis of the results of the evaluation of the power generation of the PPS for the conditions of clear weather and clear cloudiness was carried out. According to the monitoring data for the winter period is 2211,5 kW·h. The problems of PPS connected to the low-voltage network, connected to the loss of electric power with the account of influence of external factors and reliability of stable voltage and frequency in a permissible range are revealed.
Nonlinear properties of hybrid construction of coatings of buildings and structures
Authors: Egorov Vladimir , Belyy Grigory
Published: December 2020

Stress and strain state of hybrid (combined) systems including flexible and rigid elements is studied in the article. Theoretical approach is presented. The feature of the systems studied is described, i.e. structural nonlinearity. Numerical analysis is presented. It is pointed out that vibrations of such structures upon conditions of resonance differ from those of classical bar structures, i.e. if for rigid bar systems the amplitudes of vibration at resonant disturbance increase monotonously, in combined (hybrid) system alternate switching off tie-bars stabilizes the amplitude of vibration at a certain value and transfers vibrations in the beating mode that can be considered as an internal vibration absorber.
Application of innovative materials in the construction of oil and gas processing facilities
Authors: Holodkova Victoria , Ryabkin Yuri , Kostyshak Mikhail , Tchaikovsky Alexey
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the main aspects of construction of Bush sites in the difficult conditions of the far North. The main focus is on the effectiveness of the introduction of innovative technologies in the construction of road surfaces in such conditions with the use of nano-fiber concrete. A comparative calculation of the economic efficiency of using such technology with traditional ones is carried out.
Impact of urbanization on the state of water bodies and adjacent territories
Authors: Kurochkina Valentina
Published: December 2020

The processes of urbanization of the territory of the Russian Federation lead to the growing impact of man-made factors on water bodies, especially in those cases when water bodies are located directly in the centers of urbanization, or in the zones of their influence. For water supply of economic activities, a significant proportion of river runoff is withdrawn, large volumes of untreated or conditionally clean wastewater are discharged into rivers. As a result of these processes, the hydrochemical and hydrological regimes of water bodies in urbanized areas have been greatly changed, which in turn leads to the accumulation of a significant amount of contaminated bottom sediments in water bodies, which negatively affects the quality of water and the general ecological state of water bodies. Since the negative impact of urbanization on water bodies with varying degrees of intensity has been going on for over 100 years, the volumes of contaminated sediments accumulated in water bodies, in some cases, reach critical values. Cleaning up contaminated areas of water bodies can be carried out using various sets of measures. However, the development of such measures can only be based on a detailed survey of water bodies. This paper shows that when carrying out such studies, it is necessary to take into account not only the migration of toxic substances in various adjacent environments, for example, from water to bottom sediments, from soils to plants, but also the effect of these compounds on the entire trophic chain, at the end of which there is a person. At the same time, it is necessary to note that both during the restoration work and during the operation of water bodies, it must be remembered that a water body is a single water ecosystem, a system inextricably linked with the adjacent territories.
Development of a system of indicators of water supply efficiency and productivity
Authors: Serov Dmitriy
Published: December 2020

The article describes the structure of the water supply process. The importance of a value-oriented approach to water supply is substantiated. The classification of directions for evaluating the efficiency and productivity of water supply has been developed. A comprehensive system of indicators of water supply efficiency and productivity is proposed. It is shown that it is advisable to use a system of indicators of efficiency and productivity, which is developed taking into account the specifics of the value chain, to evaluate the company’s performance. This system of indicators reflects different aspects – resource, technological, financial and economic, consumer, etc. Based on the system of indicators of efficiency and productivity, it becomes possible to qualitatively analyze the balance and proportionality, quality, resource sufficiency and security, the level of manufacturability of the water supply process, as well as the degree of customer satisfaction.
Improving the sustainability of metal-producing industries in Russia
Authors: Rodionov Alexander , Danilina Marina , Blagova Sofia , Godlevsky Peter , Pimenov Nikolai , Buslaev Stanislav
Published: December 2020

In recent years, the metal-producing industries face a range of economic and ecological problems. The authors use content-analysis and statistical methods for analyzing the recent data and make proposals for the development t of metallurgy. The metallurgical industry is in second place among all other industries in terms of atmospheric emissions. Ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises are forced to use ore with a very low content of useful components in the extraction of metals. Thus, a huge volume of ore is supplied to beneficiation and smelting, and this, in turn, generates large quantities of waste gases from unused components. The current position of metallurgy companies in Russia does not contribute to the development of new industries for several reasons: lack of funds for the development of large plants; lack of forecast for short-term global demand for ferrous metallurgy products; a growing group of competition from foreign manufacturers for the products provided by the industry. To reduce the level of negative impact of metallurgy on the environment, it is necessary to develop and use new technologies that are safe for the environment. Unfortunately, not all enterprises use purification filters and facilities, although this is mandatory in the activities of every metallurgical enterprise.
Innovative solutions for recycling and waste disposal and labour market in Russia
Authors: Danilina Marina , Kravetz Ekaterina , Brilon Andrey , Astafieva Irina , Blekus Vadim , Shirokova Lydia , Doholyan Samvel
Published: December 2020

In the modern society the activities related to solving environmental and economic problems, managing climate change, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, resource and energy conservation, consumption of irreplaceable resources are of great importance. To effectively manage waste and increase the share of secondary raw materials that go for processing, it is necessary to automate processes and use IT technologies at all stages: during collection, accumulation, logistics and processing. On the basis of the content analysis method the authors analyse the application of the recycling and waste disposal and present the future trends and the advantages of their application in Russia. The severity of the environmental impact of waste treatment and disposal depends on the volume of waste generated, its composition, the amount of illegally buried waste, the amount of waste disposed of in a landfill and the standards of waste treatment plants. The future impact of the waste management process will depend on how these factors change. Waste final treatment today means either landfill or incineration, and these two types of final treatment have different, but in both cases, negative impact on the environment.
Development of Rural Ecotourism on the Yurshinsky Island of Rybinsk Reservoir
Authors: Zamana Svetlana , Sorokina Olga , Shapovalov Dmitriy , Fomin Alexandr , Petrova Larisa , Potanina Yulia , Fomkin Ilya
Published: December 2020

Agroecotourism is a relatively young branch of tourist industry in our country, at the same time it has become very popular abroad. The article considers some problems related to the development of rural ecotourism on the Yurshinsky island of Rybinsk reservoir. Various landscapes can be seen on the Yurshinsky island, escaping flowage of the Rybinsk reservoir area, where unique samples of Russian nature have remained untouched. The territory of island makes 792 hectares, half of its land is occupied by woods, and now all island has a status of specially protected area. Moose breeding farm is recommended to be established as the object of rural ecotourism on the Yurshinsky island, as its operation allows the tourist season last all-year-round. Ecological conditions of the territory need to be assessed before the organization of a moose farm and other objects of agroecotourism. Therefore we selected several soil samples to perform chemical analysis as the soil represents the knot of interrelations in biosphere and a lack or surplus of both vital, and toxic chemical elements in the soil will lead to their lack or surplus in plants grown up on such soils and in animal organisms which eat the given plants.
Impact of digital technologies on the integration of labor migrants
Authors: Fedorova Irina , Potemkin Valery
Published: December 2020

Over the past decade, migrants have become increasingly interconnected, and this is actively facilitated by the development of the global Internet and the availability of modern channels of communication, such as telephones with access to the network. The impact of digital technologies on the integration of migrants is still not well studied in Russia. The aim of the study is to analyse the impact of digital technologies on the integration of labor migrants into St. Petersburg host society. For the analysis, we used sociological methods: a series of semi- structured interviews with 23 labor migrants living in St. Petersburg, to identify the attitude of the host society (residents of St. Petersburg) to migrants we analyze of secondary survey data. The analysis of host community of St. Petersburg shows the contrariety in opinions. Only 37% citizens want migrants to integrate into society. During interviews, we found out that migrants are ready to accept digital ways for integration, such as special channels (groups) in social networks and applications for smartphones. 80% mentioned that they don`t know about any programs for integration or opportunities from local organizations. As for digital opportunities, we found out that migrants rarely use web sites. Migrants prefer using social media to specific digital tools, websites or applications. They prefer chatting in WhatsApp and use Vkontakte social network.
Changes in the tax accounting policy of industrial enterprises in the context of digitalization
Authors: Pudeyan L , Zaporozceva E , Medvedskaya T , Yureva O
Published: December 2020

Recently, approaches to organizing tax accounting policies in enterprises have undergone significant changes. The strict regulation of the accounting process by the state has been replaced by a combination of state regulation and the independence of enterprises in setting and maintaining accounting and tax accounting. In this article, the authors investigated the issue of tax accounting policy as a mechanism for managing taxes in the system of financial and economic activity of an enterprise. The method of influence of tax policy on financial indicators of activity of the business entity is shown. The article notes the fact that the development of accounting policy is carried out formally. The potential consequences of applying tax accounting policy elements are not taken into account. It highlights the importance and the need for careful accounting tax policies. It is necessary to take into account the relationship of such financial indicators as gross profit, retained earnings, tax liabilities, profitability, depreciation of fixed assets, liquidity, financial sustainability with the strategic development plans of the organization. In the process of developing the methodological section of the modern accounting policy in the section of keeping records of existing inventory, it is necessary to focus on the choice of the method for their valuation. The authors propose to use the approach in order to determine the tax potential of the business entity of the analyzed sector using an indicator of current actual turnover, taking into account the allocation of categories and groups. The main features of the model on comprehensive taxation of economic entities of the region are displayed, forecasts of all tax revenues for existing groups are formed.
Modeling the competitive environment of the entrepreneurship cluster
Authors: Sevka Viktoriya , Nekhaychuk Dmitry , Sihua Viktoriia , Shevchuk Andrei
Published: December 2020

The paper aims to verify the hypothesis about cooperation expediency of different in scale and similar in activity entities in the form of the entrepreneurship cluster for ensuring energy needs of the region. The integral coefficients of economic development of the innovative component of industrial enterprises on energy activity, the financial component of communal enterprises for heat supply, the readiness of small enterprises operating in the energy industry for innovative transformations has been analysed. Modeling of the competitive environment of the entrepreneurship cluster allowed to reveal logical interrelation between the level of technological changes in industry and technological capabilities of communal and small enterprises and to define their sectoral positions.
Green economy in the world and in Russia: preconditions and prospects
Authors: Karieva Elvira , Akhmetshina Liliya , Mottaeva Angela
Published: December 2020

A green economy supports the conservation of resources and reduces negative impacts on nature. The growth in the quality of human life “coexists” with the growth of natural capital, which ensures green growth. The aim of the study is to assess the state and substantiate the need for the development of a green economy in the world and in Russia in order to ensure intensification of efforts in the field of environmental protection, taking into account the positive impact on the development of national economies and the solution of social problems. The study made it possible to analyze the existing environmental problems and their impact on national economies, identify the prerequisites for the emergence of green technologies in the economy and the prospects for their implementation in the world and in Russia. As a result of the study, the initiatives of specialists for the development of the green economy in the world are identified, the provisions of the green course for the development of the Russian economy are presented.
Formation of programmes the housing-and-communal utilities complex development
Authors: Vasilyeva Elena , Nelyubov Artem
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the problems of housing-and- communal services in the cities of Russia and their development in modern conditions. The research purpose was to give the theoretical justification as well as to develop some methodical recommendations on formation and implementation of the programmes of complex development of housing- and-communal services in the municipal units. The authors systematized the typical properties and specifics of housing-and-communal utilities, the role of the sector in preserving the environment, revealed the factors complicating their development significantly, carried out the analysis of the housing-and-communal sector condition and the sector’s needs for investments. According to the analysis results, the authors prove that modernization and improvement of housing-and-communal sector demands drawing up target programmes of complex development. In article Principles and stages of the development of the programmes of the improvement of the housing-and-communal utilities were offered, the directions, considered to be the most relevant, were pointed out. The authors recognize such consequence of the housing-and-communal utilities modernization as the increase of the utility tariffs and the need of assessment of the availability of housing-and-communal services for consumers. The authors offer the new indicator, namely, the share of the provided subsidies in the total amount of payments for premises and utilities, for the improvement of such assessment. The results of the research can be used by the practicians, forming target municipal development programmes of housing-and-public utilities development within the general strategies of the cities and regions development, aimed at the improvement of the population life quality and at the decrease in the environmental risks.
Particularities of the energy management and labor market in Russia
Authors: Ribokene Elena , Savelieva Ekaterina , Danilina Marina , Prazdnikova Nadezhda , Razovsky Yury , Berzin Dmitry
Published: December 2020

Energy saving problems are one of the most important problems of all countries, including Russia, since energy resources are used extremely inefficiently. As the vast and still small Russian experience shows, energy saving is a highly efficient and quickly implemented method of energy consumption in energy. Therefore, energy conservation is the most important area of energy policy in the new economic conditions. The basis of energy saving at the enterprise is the creation of an energy management system - an energy resource management system. Without energy management, it is impossible to talk about a systemic reduction in energy costs and the introduction of any energy-saving technologies at the enterprise. The introduction of an energy management system at an enterprise makes it possible to find and maintain a balance of optimal consumption of energy resources for a given production schedule. In the next 6 years, the domestic electric power industry will face large-scale transformations associated with the renewal of fixed assets and the transition to a digital basis. The fulfillment of these tasks requires not only financial investments and technical support, but also the availability of professional personnel who can manage these transformations and implement them. The differentiated approach is needed to regulate the labor of energy workers.
Human capital of the Karelian Arctic in the implementation of the special economic regime of the region
Authors: Volkov Aleksander
Published: December 2020

This article presents the results of a field study of the state and development of the human capital in the Karelian Arctic as a factor in sustainable development of the region during the transition to a new economic and legal regime. The focus of the scientific research is the assessment by the citizens of the level of their well-being and the ability to meet various family needs, personal income planning possibilities, correspondence of the current place of work to the training received in an educational institution. Brief conclusions are made on the indicated aspects of the development of the human capital in the Karelian Arctic region. Data were obtained and an analysis of the situation was made both for the Karelian Arctic as a whole, and for individual municipal districts included in this region. Further research activities to deepen scientific knowledge about the state and trends in the development of the human capital in Arctic Karelia and the Arctic zone of Russia as a whole have been identified. The issues under study are one of the key ones in determining the parameters of the created special economic and legal regime, which applies to Arctic Karelia.
The relationship of psychological, clinical and biological components in epilepsy
Authors: Tokareva Natalia , Zykova Svetlana , Talismanov Vladimir
Published: December 2020

This study examined the relationship patterns of psychological characteristics, clinical and biological indicators, their relationship in the structure of the personality of epilepsy patients. The aim of this work was to study the ratio of biological and clinical and psychological components in the structure of a person suffering from epilepsy. Such characteristics was conducted as the type of disease seizures and duration of the disease were taken into account: simple, complex partial seizures, duration of the disease up to 30 years dominated. The verification of the diagnosis in the patients examined was carried out on the basis of clinical and neurological, psychopathological, pathopsychological, EEG examination and computer tomography data of the brain. The study of biological, clinical and psychological characteristics of epileptic patients was carried out using the method of clinical observation, psychodiagnostic method “Diagnosis of satisfaction of basic needs.” In patients with epilepsy revealed reliable multidimensional clinical and psychological characteristics of satisfaction of the main groups of needs: material needs, security needs, social (interpersonal) needs, the need for recognition, the need for self- expression.The considered characteristics are of interest to doctors, clinical psychologists and other professionals involved in preventive, therapeutic and rehabilitation measures of epilepsy patients.