bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pancreatitis and its relationship to diabetes
Authors: Almasri Yahya , Hammoud Taghreed
Published: June 2023

Background
In recent years, post-pancreatitis diabetes mellitus (PPDM), also known as type 3 diabetes mellitus, has received a great deal of attention from researchers. PPDM is one of the long-term sequelae of pancreatitis, and PPDM is now the second most common cause of new onset diabetes in adults after Type T2DM beyond type (T1DM), the aim of this study was to find out the proportion of patients who developed secondary diabetes mellitus as a complication of pancreatitis.
Methods
A cross-sectional study in Damascus Hospital, in the Department of Gastroenterology included 215 cases from 2017 to 2023.
Results
The percentage of males was 116 (54%), and the average age of the sample was approximately 45 years. Reef Dimashq had the largest percentage, reaching 108 (50.2%). More than half of the sample were non-alcoholics, and their percentage was 194 (90.2%), and non-smokers, and their percentage was 117 (54.4%). %), and the percentage of those who had complications of pancreatitis reached 114 (53%), and those who had symptoms of diabetes reached 59 (27.4%), and it was found that there is a real, statistically significant relationship between pancreatitis and the occurrence of diabetes as a complication of it, as the percentage of patients reached of those who had symptoms of diabetes 50 (23.3%).
The Labor Force Participation Rate in the Context of ESG Models at World Level
Authors: Leogrande Angelo , Costantiello Alberto
Published: June 2023

In this article we analyze the impact of Labor Force Partecipation Rate-LFPR in the context of the Environmental, Social and Governance-ESG model at world level. We use data from the ESG dataset of the World Bank for the period 2011-2020. We use Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Panel Data with Random Effects, Pooled OLS, Dynamic Panel. We find that the level of LFPR is positively associated among others to “Ratio of Female to Male Labor Force Participation Rate” and “Life Expectancy at Birth”, and negatively associated among others, to “Unemployment” and “Agricultural Land”. Furthermore, we have applied a clusterization with the k-Means algorithm optimized with the Silhouette coefficient, and we found the presence of three clusters. Finally, we confront eight different machine learning algorithms to predict the value of LFPR. We find that the best predictor is the Linear Regression. Linear Regression predicts an increase in LFPR equal to 0.42% on average for the analyzed countries.
Evaluation of awareness about corneal refractive surgery to correct refractive error in a sample of Syrian private university students
Authors: ghannam Shifaa , Salman Afraa
Published: June 2023

Background
The cornea is a transparent, avascular tissue that acts as a structural barrier and protects the eye from infections. Together with the tear film, it provides a suitable anterior refractive surface for the eye. The cornea contributes two-thirds of the refractive power of the eye. The study aims to evaluate knowledge and awareness about corneal refractive surgery among students of the Syrian Private University and its association with social and demographic characteristics.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted in March 2023 on students of the Syrian Private University from all disciplines. Students were asked to participate voluntarily. A self-administered and filled out questionnaire in Arabic was used, distributed to students of the Syrian Private University, regarding awareness about refractive surgery. The questionnaire includes demographic information. It included questions about: gender, college, age, and academic year. Questions about awareness about refractive surgery. Questions about the source of information on awareness about refractive surgery for refractive errors.
Results
Out of 604 participants in the questionnaire, 37.9% were males and 62.1% were females, and most of their ages were from the age group of 18–22 with a rate of 89.2%. Most of the participants were from the Faculty of Human Medicine 44%, Pharmacy 33.8%, and Dentistry 20.2%, respectively. 24.5% of the students mentioned suffering from nearsightedness, 9.4% mentioned suffering from hyperopia, 1% suffering from astigmatism, while the majority (65.1%) stated that they did not complain of any refractive defect. Also, about 83% mentioned that they use medical glasses, and 17% that they do not use them. Only 4.2% of the students reported having had corneal refractive surgery, most of whom were satisfied with the outcome at 99%. The majority of the students were aware of the surgical procedures to correct refractive defects 86%, but nearly 61% were not ready to undergo the surgery for the following reasons: cost of the procedure 6.4%, fear of complications 30.6%, lack of information about the procedure 39.5%. The results showed a statistically significant relationship between prior knowledge about corneal refractive surgery and demographic factors.
Conclusion
The study recommends conducting other studies that examine knowledge about corneal refractive surgery in other samples such as employees, school students, and others, as the medical literature indicates that we still lack such studies, whether at the local level or at the Arab level. Conducting seminars and intensive educational programs to improve knowledge and awareness about the worst refraction and its various treatment methods, including corneal refractive surgery.
Semantic Editions of Classical Texts: How Social Networks Change Cognitive Strategies of Interaction with Literary Heritage
Authors: Kolmogorova Anastasiya
Published: June 2023

The paper introduces the phenomenon of semantic editions: a new digital representation of texts and personalities of the Great Literature, e. g., The World of Dante, Mapping the Republic of Letters, Chekhov Digital, Tolstoy Digital, and Pushkin Digital. The author analyzed these platforms to reveal the methods and ideology behind this new format. The everyday practice of social networks and messengers serves as a cognitive strategy: the literary heritage undergoes fragmentation, tagging, clustering, and visualization. Semantic editions and network communication share the following features. Information is fragmented and classified by tagging for subsequent clustering. The links are horizontal, e. g., co-occurrence graphs, contact networks, etc. Quantitative data provide qualitative conclusions, e. g., frequencies of mention for toponyms and anthroponyms. Expert comments and hypertext merge into a polyphony.
How Video Bloggers Involve Audience in Internet Communication: PewDiePie YouTube Channel
Authors: Olenev Stanislav , Cherkasov Danil
Published: June 2023

The YouTube platform offers its users a number of ways to involve audience in Internet communication. This research covered twenty videos from Felix Kjellberg's PewDiePie channel. It involved observation and statistic processing, as well as quantitative and qualitative communication analysis based on special web services that provide access to analytical data for a particular YouTube channel or video. The videos were divided into functional and content elements that played different roles in attracting new viewers and encouraging them to interact with the blogger. The list of involvement techniques included: 1) maximal hashtag coverage of viewers' interests; 2) interaction with the audience in the comments; 3) active community life and demonstrative interest in the viewers; 4) a compelling video title and preview.
Social Parameters in the Genre of Communicative Simulation
Authors: Zayceva Ol'ga , Katyshev Pavel
Published: June 2023

Communicative simulation is a virtual practice that reproduces offline forms of social interaction using information and communication technologies. This research parametrized communicative simulation genres and described the interpersonal aspect of virtual interaction in a virtual environment, i.e., bricolage form, intersemiotics, and reduced corporality. Communicative simulations differ from such social practices as offline simulations or role games. The social aspect of communicative simulations includes (1) the media nature of virtual interaction; (2) the hybrid nature of communicative simulations that combines the features of both ordinary simulations and text-based role games; (3) the dual nature of social interaction, carried out simultaneously in material and diegetic spaces. As a result, the social aspect of communicative simulation can be presented in the form of a three-level model: material, diegeological, instrumental levels.
Comments in the VKontakte Social Network as a Discourse Practice of Student Youth
Authors: Rogova Evgeniya , Yanickiy Leonid
Published: June 2023

The authors used the method of quantitative and qualitative content analysis to study the online discourse of students in order to classify the elements of the commentary text. The analysis revealed certain cases, patterns, and phenomena that could be described as regular. The research featured several communities in the VKontakte social network connected with the Kemerovo State University. The online discourse demonstrated some linguistic peculiarities. The main discussion topics differed in values, judgments, emotional tone, creativity, and self-expression: academic process, life management, relationships (friendship, love, and family), health, existential issues (social role and future), and social criticism. The functions involved identification, information, affiliation, psychotherapy, and creativity. By learning the features of online communication, academic staff can develop effective and consistent communication with students. The informal linguistic environment of social nets contains extralinguistic factors that manifest themselves in online discourse and reveals the ideology of young people, their values, attitudes, and opinions on important matters.
Methods to Improve the Stability of Nucleic Acid-Based Nanomaterials
Authors: Xie Xueping , Ma Wenjuan , Zhan Yuxi , Zhang Qifeng , Wang Chaowei , Zhu Huiyong
Published: June 2023

Nucleic acid strands can be synthesized into various nucleic acid-based nanomaterials (NANs) through
strict base pairing. The self-assembled NANs are programmable, intelligent, biocompatible, non-immunogenic, and
non-cytotoxic. With the rapid development of nanotechnology, the application of NANs in the biomedical fields,
such as drug delivery and biological sensing, has attracted wide attention. However, the stability of NANs is often
affected by the cation concentrations, enzymatic degradation, and organic solvents. This susceptibility to degradation
is one of the most important factors that have restricted the application of NANs. NANs can be denatured or
degraded under conditions of low cation concentrations, enzymatic presence, and organic solvents. To deal with this
issue, a lot of methods have been attempted to improve the stability of NANs, including artificial nucleic acids,
modification with specific groups, encapsulation with protective structures, etc. In this review, we summarized the
relevant methods to have a deeper understanding of the stability of NANs.
Novel 1,3,4-trisubstituted Pyrazolopyrimidine Derivatives Show Potent Antiproliferative Activity in Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Ran Fansheng , Dong Lun , Liu Yang , Zhao Guisen
Published: June 2023

Background:

Pyrazolopyrimidine scaffold is an important pharmacophore in drug discovery.
This pharmacophore has been reported to produce numerous biological activities, of which anticancer is
an important one. The development of novel pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives is of great importance for
antitumor drug research.

Objective:

Compound 6, a pyrazolopyrimidine derivative reported by our group, showed weak antiproliferative
activity with IC50 values of over 30 μM against mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) cell lines. In this
study, we will further perform the structural optimization of compound 6 to screen highly active pyrazolopyrimidine
derivatives.

Methods:

A novel series of 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives were synthesized and their
structures were elucidated by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and HRMS. The antiproliferative activities of target
compounds against MCL cell lines (Mino, Jeko-1, and Z138) were evaluated by the CellTiter-Glo luminescent
cell viability assay. The effect of representative compounds to induce apoptosis was evaluated by
Annexin V/Propidium Iodide (PI)-binding assay. Mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen
species (ROS) levels in 15c-treated Z138 cells were tested by JC-1 and DCFH-DA probes, respectively.

Results:

Most compounds demonstrated improved antiproliferative activity against MCL cell lines compared
to the lead compound 6, especially 15c, 15f, 15g, 15j, and 15o, with IC50 values at low micromolar
levels. In addition, compound 15c could induce apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in Z138 cells
through reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential and enhancing reactive oxygen species production.

Conclusion:

The results showed that 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives could be valuable
lead compounds for the further development of anti-lymphoma agents.
Chemistry and Biological Activity of Thieno[3,4-b]quinoline, Thieno[3,4-c]
quinolone, Thieno[3,2-g]quinoline and Thieno[2,3-g]quinoline Derivatives:
A Review (Part IX)
Authors: Abu-Hashem Ameen A. , Abdelgawad Ahmed A.M. , Gouda Moustafa A.
Published: June 2023

Over the previous decades, thieno-quinoline derivatives have acquired great interest due to
their synthetic and biological applications. These reports have been disclosed on Thienoquinoline
synthesis such as thieno[3,4-b]quinoline; thieno[3,4-c]quinolone; thieno [3,2-g]quinoline; thieno[2,3-
g] quinoline; spiro-thieno[2,3-g]quinoline; benzo[b]thiophen-iso- quinoline derivatives, and therefore
in the existent review, we provided an inclusive update on the synthesis of thienoquinolines. Characterization
of the preparation methods and reactivity is categorized based on their types of reactions as
addition, alkylation, chlorination, acylation, oxidation, reduction, cyclization and cyclo-condensation.
Hence, this study will help the researchers to obtain knowledge from the last literature research to
conquer their resolve problems in designing new compounds and processes.
Surface Roughness Modelling of the Micromechanically Patterned CNT
Forests
Authors: Mohd Razib Mohd Asyraf , Saleh Tanveer , Rana Masud , Islam Saiful , Muthalif Asan G.A.
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

A new method of modelling surface roughness of the resultant structure from
various parameters in the microforming of CNT forests has been developed. One of the top-down microforming
methods of CNT forests is called micromechanical bending (M2B). The method uses a
high-speed rotating spindle to compact and flatten the surface of CNT forests. It results in the surface
structure becoming smoother and increased reflectance of the surface. The reason for this phenomenon
is the porosity that decreases by bending CNTs, hence preventing light from passing through. Moreover,
the surface roughness is also significantly reduced. However, a study has yet to be conducted to
estimate the theoretical value of surface roughness from the identified parameters.

Aim:

This research aims to develop an approach to model the surface roughness of resultant surface
from a set of parameters in a micropatterning method.

Methods:

Experiments were conducted using a CNC machine to pattern onto CNT Forests using specific
parameters, such as 1000, 1500, and 2000 rpm (spindle speed) with feed rates of 1, 5 and 10
mm/min. The step size was kept fixed at 1 μm for each level of the patterning pass. It was found that
the periodic pattern of trochoidal mark was engraved on the surface, contributing to the value of measured
surface roughness.

Results:

The results were compared with the theoretical value from the calculation of surface roughness
using trochoidal motion with the assumption of the grain sizes of 0.2 μm, 0.3 μm, and 0.4 μm.
The actual value of surface roughness was measured using the XE-AFM machine. The grain of 0.2 μm
produced the same experimental trend with the theoretical value at rotational speeds of 1000, 1500,
and 2000 rpm. However, the theoretical result was shifted downward because the surface could return
to the original position due to the elastic properties of the CNTs, hence reducing the surface roughness.
The best-fit result was reported for the grain of 0.4 μm, rotational speed of 2000 rpm, and speed rate of
1 mm/min, showing less than 1% difference.

Conclusion:

Experimentally and theoretically, a good agreement and comparable results proved the
effectiveness of the proposed estimating method.
The Immunology - Ayurveda Perspective
Authors: Balakrishnan Geethu , Shukla Akhilesh
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Immunity can be defined as the ability of the human body to resist almost
all types of organisms or toxins that tend to damage tissues and organs. Ayurveda, one of the oldest
health sciences has its perspectives and practices on immunology delineated under the heads of
Vyadhikshmatwa (tolerance against disease), Ojas (the quintessence of all bodily tissues that is responsible
for natural bio-strength, vitality and immunity), Bala (strength), and Vikaravighata Bhavas
(disease-resisting factors).

Materials and Methods:

For the present review, the materials were collected from the Ayurvedic
literature, including the three major classical texts Brihatrayees Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita,
Ashtanga Samgraha and Ashtanga Hridaya, and their important commentaries by Chakrapani,
Arunadutta, Hemadri, Indu, and Dalhana. Information from the current scientific literature, articles
published in PubMed, and authentic webpages has also been incorporated into this study. Subsequently,
an independent analysis of immunology from Ayurvedic classical texts is presented in this
review.

Discussion:

Ayurvedic compendia have vividly described the perspectives and practices of immunity
and the promotion of disease-resisting factors. In addition to being the repository of age-old medical
practices and the treasure trove of herbal drugs, the immunomodulatory effects of these diseaseresisting
factors hold up even when bridging with new models based on modern science and technology.

Conclusion:

Rather than being a complementary science, Ayurveda is enriched with the concepts
and practices of immunology. In order to free humanity from the grip of infections, it is important to
explore the standalone and integrative aspects of science now.
Correlation Between Personal Hygiene Behavior During Menstruation and The Occurrence of Vulvar Pruritus at SMPN 1 Nassau
Authors: Tampubolon Lindawati Farida , Saragih Ice Septriani , Hutapea Mei Misriani , Saragih Elselina
Published: June 2023

Vulvar Pruritus is a problem that often occurs during menstruation. This is a disorder of female external genitalia in the form of severe itching. This problem can be prevented through good personal hygiene behaviour. Personal hygiene is an action to maintain the health and hygiene of female organs during menstruation. This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between personal hygiene behaviour during menstruation and vulvar pruritus in SMP Negeri 1 Nassau. This is correlation research with a cross-sectional design. Samples were female students at SMP Negeri 1 Nassau, with 102 respondents. The criteria of the sample are female students who have experienced menstruation. Female students who experience pruritus but not because of menstruation or are not in the vulvar pruritus category are excluded as a sample. The sample used a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using the Pearson Product Moment test. The results showed that from 102 respondents, 86,3% had moderate behaviour doing personal hygiene. 51% of respondents had moderate vulvar pruritus, and only 11.8% had no problem. There was a weak correlation between female students' behaviour regarding personal hygiene during menstruation and pruritus vulva at SMP Negeri 1 Nassau with a result of p <0.05 (p=0.038). But even though it has a weak correlation, keeping personal hygiene of genital organs is very influential in reducing the risk of vulvar pruritus.
Sleep ‘self help’ books: autobiographical evaluations and personal entanglements with reading professional advice books on young children’s sleep. An exploration of the journey through early parenting and managing sleep through two mothers-as-researchers perspectives.
Authors: Scherer Lexie , Norman Amanda
Published: June 2023

This article reports on two researchers’ experiences of navigating children’s night-time sleep, in relation to reading best-selling parenting books, published by professionals in the UK in the last 20 years. We felt we were ‘getting it wrong’ where we so badly wanted to ‘get it right’ for our children, because they did not sleep like the books described: silent, solitary, separate and for 12 uninterrupted night-time hours. It was also not possible to ‘read’ the advice without owning our own positionality: in particular our classed, professional identities. Perhaps this is always the case in research, and we should ‘treat our bias as a resource’ as seminal life history work urges. We found we could not but take the advice personally, which tended to focus on behaviour-orientated strategies within the routines and rituals around night-time sleep. We harness an under-studied approach within Early Childhood research, Reader-Response theory, which argues reading is a transaction; the reader brings personal context to the text at the same time as gleaning information from it. Seeing reading as a transaction helps us understand how our identities feed into our reading: our readings shape, but also are shaped by our contexts.
Li Gerhalter, Tagebücher als Quellen: Forschungsfelder und Sammlungen seit 1800
Authors: Depkat Volker
Published: June 2023

Focusing on Germany and Austria from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries, this erudite and thorough study aims at historicizing the use of diaries as scholarly evidence and historical sources in the academic disciplines of pedagogy and early childhood research, youth psychology, and the new cultural history emerging in the 1980s. For each of these disciplines, Li Gerhalter, the long-time curator and now director of the ‘Sammlung Frauennachlässe’ at the University of Vienna (https://sfn.univie.ac.at/hauptmenue/bestand/), traces whose diaries were collected, when, by whom, for which scholarly purposes, and to what effect for the formation and transformation of the respective academic discipline under scrutiny. In addition, the individual chapters shed light on the donors of diaries, the culture and practices of diary writing, and the different communicative and epistemological functions that diaries had for their writers and researchers.
Pre-service English teachers’ perception of authentic assessment practice in speaking classes
Authors: Sukarno Sukarno , Fitrianingsih Ihtiara , Pratiwi Dwiyani , Putro Nur Hidayanto Pancoro Setyo
Published: June 2023

There is a growing body of literature examining the significance of authentic assessment in enhancing teachers’ assessment literacy. This study set out to investigate pre-service English teachers’ perception of authentic assessment in their speaking class. This sequential explanatory study employed a set of questionnaires and semi-structured interviews in the data collection. A total of 46 pre-service English teachers in their final year participated in this study. They completed a web-based survey, and four of them who used authentic assessment in their speaking class were selected for an interview. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive analysis while the qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings showed that 71.74% of respondents were aware of what authentic evaluation entails as learned from various sources, primarily lecturers and tutors. More than 25% of respondents could not comprehend an authentic assessment, and fewer than a fifth (19.57%) of those surveyed had never taken a course on authentic assessment. The results from the survey and interview also showed that lack of time or the lengthy implementation time of authentic assessment, as well as the class size were reported to be the main challenges of the students in applying authentic assessment. Oral interviews, picture-cued descriptions or stories, information gaps, story/text retelling, role plays/simulations, oral reports, and debates were examples of the authentic assessment tools they normally used. This study implied the need for more authentic assessment trainings and or sessions for these pre-service English teachers in the future.Keywords: perception, authentic assessment, speaking
Uloga mikroRNK molekula u patogenezi osteoartritisa
Authors: Tudor Karlo , Dembić Zlatko , Prpić Tomislav , Mađarević Tomislav , Salamon Dea , Šestan Branko , Jotanović Zdravko
Published: June 2023

Osteoartritis (OA) je multifaktorijalna i poligenska bolest koja zahvaća cijeli zglob, ali i periartikularno tkivo te predstavlja golem ekonomski trošak za javno zdravstvo u cijelom svijetu. Poznati su brojni geni za koje se smatra da sudjeluju u patogenezi OA, a u novije vrijeme sve se više istražuju epigenetski mehanizmi kao potencijalni rizični čimbenici zaslužni za nastanak OA. MikroRNK (miRNK) su male nekodirajuće molekule koje imaju ulogu u postranskripcijskoj regulaciji genskog izražaja. Njihovi geni čine 1 – 2 % ukupnog genoma i smatra se da bi potencijalno mogli regulirati i do 30 % kodirajućih gena. MiRNK molekule imaju bitnu ulogu u patogenezi nekih karcinoma, kardiovaskularnih, autoimunih kožnih te nekih neuroloških bolesti. Također, navedene molekule imaju važnu ulogu u patogenezi osteoartritisa. Velik broj miRNK molekula drugačije je izražen u hrskavici zahvaćenoj osteoartritisom u odnosu na zdravu hrskavicu. Dokazano je da određene miRNK molekule reguliraju neke enzime zaslužne za razgradnju hrskavice, dok se neke povezuju s regulacijom apoptoze hondrocita, a neke s procesom regeneracije hrskavice. U svjetlu tih spoznaja napravljene su i prve studije koje nastoje dokazati povezanost određenih jednonukleotidnih polimorfizama nekih miRNK gena s predispozicijom za nastanak osteoartritisa. Budući da su svi današnji oblici terapije bolesnika s osteoartritisom usmjereni na liječenje posljedice bolesti, a ne uzroka, potrebna su daljnja istraživanja etiopatogeneze osteoartritisa. MiRNK molekule mogle bi igrati važnu ulogu u patogenezi OA te predstavljati jednu od potencijalnih meta za nove farmakoterapijske oblike liječenja.
Effect of Foot Reflexology on Laboratory Tests after Kidney Transplantation Surgery: A Secondary Analysis of a Parallel Randomized Controlled Trial Study
Authors: Samarehfekri Atena , Zakeri Mohammad Ali , Mirza Hemn Kaka , Aziz Adnan Rashid , Dehghan Mahlagha
Published: June 2023

Foot reflexology has improved numerous physical and psychological symptoms in patients. The researchers in this study aimed to investigate the effect of foot reflexology on laboratory parameters, intake/output/weight and medication regimen after kidney transplant surgery. The research was a secondary analysis of a parallel randomized controlled trial. The research included patients who were admitted to the transplantation ward. The stratified randomization approach divided 53 eligible patients into two groups: foot reflexology and control. The intervention group was given 30 minutes of foot reflexology daily for three days while the control group received no reflexology. The intervention began on the second day following surgery. The demographic information questionnaire and information about laboratory tests and intake, output and weight were extracted from patients' records before, immediately and one week after the intervention. Before the kidney transplantation surgery and during the intervention, the laboratory tests of the two groups of foot reflexology and control laboratory tests were similar. During the intervention, no significant differences in intake, output, and weight values were found between the two groups of foot reflexology and control (P > 0.05). The present study showed that foot reflexology had no particular effects on laboratory tests, intake/output, weight and diet of patients after kidney transplantation. Further studies are needed to achieve more accurate results in this area.
Creating an Innovative Artificial Intelligence–Based Technology (TCRact) for Designing and Optimizing T Cell Receptors for Use in Cancer Immunotherapies: Protocol for an Observational Trial
Authors: Bujak Joanna , Kłęk Stanisław , Balawejder Martyna , Kociniak Aleksandra , Wilkus Kinga , Szatanek Rafał , Orzeszko Zofia , Welanyk Joanna , Torbicz Grzegorz , Jęckowski Mateusz , Kucharczyk Tomasz , Wohadlo Łukasz , Borys Maciej , Stadnik Honorata , Wysocki Michał , Kayser Magdalena , Słomka Marta Ewa , Kosmowska Anna , Horbacka Karolina , Gach Tomasz , Markowska Beata , Kowalczyk Tomasz , Karoń Jacek , Karczewski Marek , Szura Mirosław , Sanecka-Duin Anna , Blum Agnieszka
Published: June 2023

Background

Cancer continues to be the leading cause of mortality in high-income countries, necessitating the development of more precise and effective treatment modalities. Immunotherapy, specifically adoptive cell transfer of T cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T cells (TCR-T therapy), has shown promise in engaging the immune system for cancer treatment. One of the biggest challenges in the development of TCR-T therapies is the proper prediction of the pairing between TCRs and peptide-human leukocyte antigen (pHLAs). Modern computational immunology, using artificial intelligence (AI)-based platforms, provides the means to optimize the speed and accuracy of TCR screening and discovery.

Objective

This study proposes an observational clinical trial protocol to collect patient samples and generate a database of pHLA:TCR sequences to aid the development of an AI-based platform for efficient selection of specific TCRs.

Methods

The multicenter observational study, involving 8 participating hospitals, aims to enroll patients diagnosed with stage II, III, or IV colorectal cancer adenocarcinoma.

Results

Patient recruitment has recently been completed, with 100 participants enrolled. Primary tumor tissue and peripheral blood samples have been obtained, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells have been isolated and cryopreserved. Nucleic acid extraction (DNA and RNA) has been performed in 86 cases. Additionally, 57 samples underwent whole exome sequencing to determine the presence of somatic mutations and RNA sequencing for gene expression profiling.

Conclusions

The results of this study may have a significant impact on the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer. The comprehensive database of pHLA:TCR sequences generated through this observational clinical trial will facilitate the development of the AI-based platform for TCR selection. The results obtained thus far demonstrate successful patient recruitment and sample collection, laying the foundation for further analysis and the development of an innovative tool to expedite and enhance TCR selection for precision cancer treatments.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04994093; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04994093

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/45872
The Status of Data Management Practices Across German Medical Data Integration Centers: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Gierend Kerstin , Freiesleben Sherry , Kadioglu Dennis , Siegel Fabian , Ganslandt Thomas , Waltemath Dagmar
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

In the context of the Medical Informatics Initiative, medical data integration centers (DICs) have implemented complex data flows to transfer routine health care data into research data repositories for secondary use. Data management practices are of importance throughout these processes, and special attention should be given to provenance aspects. Insufficient knowledge can lead to validity risks and reduce the confidence and quality of the processed data. The need to implement maintainable data management practices is undisputed, but there is a great lack of clarity on the status.

OBJECTIVE

Our study examines the current data management practices throughout the data life cycle within the Medical Informatics in Research and Care in University Medicine (MIRACUM) consortium. We present a framework for the maturity status of data management practices and present recommendations to enable a trustful dissemination and reuse of routine health care data.

METHODS

In this mixed methods study, we conducted semistructured interviews with stakeholders from 10 DICs between July and September 2021. We used a self-designed questionnaire that we tailored to the MIRACUM DICs, to collect qualitative and quantitative data. Our study method is compliant with the Good Reporting of a Mixed Methods Study (GRAMMS) checklist.

RESULTS

Our study provides insights into the data management practices at the MIRACUM DICs. We identify several traceability issues that can be partially explained with a lack of contextual information within nonharmonized workflow steps, unclear responsibilities, missing or incomplete data elements, and incomplete information about the computational environment information. Based on the identified shortcomings, we suggest a data management maturity framework to reach more clarity and to help define enhanced data management strategies.

CONCLUSIONS

The data management maturity framework supports the production and dissemination of accurate and provenance-enriched data for secondary use. Our work serves as a catalyst for the derivation of an overarching data management strategy, abiding data integrity and provenance characteristics as key factors. We envision that this work will lead to the generation of fairer and maintained health research data of high quality.
Beyond the Hype—The Actual Role and Risks of AI in Today’s Medical Practice: Comparative-Approach Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hansen Steffan , Brandt Carl Joakim , Søndergaard Jens
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

The evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly impacted various sectors, with health care witnessing some of its most groundbreaking contributions. Contemporary models, such as ChatGPT-4 and Microsoft Bing, have showcased capabilities beyond just generating text, aiding in complex tasks like literature searches and refining web-based queries.

OBJECTIVE

This study explores a compelling query: can AI author an academic paper independently? Our assessment focuses on four core dimensions: relevance (to ensure that AI’s response directly addresses the prompt), accuracy (to ascertain that AI’s information is both factually correct and current), clarity (to examine AI’s ability to present coherent and logical ideas), and tone and style (to evaluate whether AI can align with the formality expected in academic writings). Additionally, we will consider the ethical implications and practicality of integrating AI into academic writing.

METHODS

To assess the capabilities of ChatGPT-4 and Microsoft Bing in the context of academic paper assistance in general practice, we used a systematic approach. ChatGPT-4, an advanced AI language model by Open AI, excels in generating human-like text and adapting responses based on user interactions, though it has a knowledge cut-off in September 2021. Microsoft Bing's AI chatbot facilitates user navigation on the Bing search engine, offering tailored search

RESULTS

In terms of relevance, ChatGPT-4 delved deeply into AI’s health care role, citing academic sources and discussing diverse applications and concerns, while Microsoft Bing provided a concise, less detailed overview. In terms of accuracy, ChatGPT-4 correctly cited 72% (23/32) of its peer-reviewed articles but included some nonexistent references. Microsoft Bing’s accuracy stood at 46% (6/13), supplemented by relevant non–peer-reviewed articles. In terms of clarity, both models conveyed clear, coherent text. ChatGPT-4 was particularly adept at detailing technical concepts, while Microsoft Bing was more general. In terms of tone, both models maintained an academic tone, but ChatGPT-4 exhibited superior depth and breadth in content delivery.

CONCLUSIONS

Comparing ChatGPT-4 and Microsoft Bing for academic assistance revealed strengths and limitations. ChatGPT-4 excels in depth and relevance but falters in citation accuracy. Microsoft Bing is concise but lacks robust detail. Though both models have potential, neither can independently handle comprehensive academic tasks. As AI evolves, combining ChatGPT-4’s depth with Microsoft Bing’s up-to-date referencing could optimize academic support. Researchers should critically assess AI outputs to maintain academic credibility.
Investigating Patient Satisfaction Through Web-Based Reviews of Norwegian Dentists: Quantitative Study Using the Meaning Extraction Method (Preprint)
Authors: Larsen Maria , Holde Gro Eirin , Johnsen Jan-Are Kolset
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Challenging encounters in health care professions, including in dentistry, are relatively common. Challenging encounters can be defined as stressful or emotional situations involving patients that could impact both treatment outcomes and patients’ experiences. Through written web-based reviews, patients can share their experiences with health care providers, and these posts can be a useful source for investigating patient satisfaction and their experiences of challenging encounters.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to identify dominant themes from patient-written, web-based reviews of dentists and investigate how these themes are related to patient satisfaction with dental treatment.

METHODS

The study data consisted of 11,764 reviews written by dental patients, which included 1- to 5-star ratings on overall satisfaction and free-text comments. The free-text comments were analyzed using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count software, and the meaning extraction method was used to group words into thematic categories. These themes were used as variables in a multilevel logistic regression analysis to predict patient satisfaction.

RESULTS

Eight themes emerged from the analyses, of which 6 (75%)—explanation (odds ratio [OR] 2.56, 95% CI 2.16-3.04; P<.001), assurance (OR 3.61, 95% CI 2.57-5.06; P<.001), performance assessment (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.84-2.55; P<.001), professional advice (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.55-2.13; P<.001), facilities (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.08-2.91; P=.02), and recommendation (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.12-1.53; P<.001)—increased the odds of high patient satisfaction. The remaining themes (2/8, 25%)—consequences of treatment need (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.20-0.29; P<.001) and patient-centered care (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.52-0.74; P<.001)—reduced the odds of high patient satisfaction.

CONCLUSIONS

The meaning extraction method is an interesting approach to explore patients’ written accounts of encounters with dental health professionals. The experiences described by patients provide insight into key elements related to patient satisfaction that can be used in the education of dental health professionals and to improve the provision of dental health services.
Exhaled Breath Analysis Using a Novel Electronic Nose for Different Respiratory Disease Entities with Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Validation: Prospective Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yu Kai-Lun , Yang Han-Ching , Lee Chien-Feng , Wu Shang-Yu , Ye Zhong-Kai , Rai Sujeet Kumar , Lee Meng-Rui , Tang Kea-Tiong , Wang Jann-Yuan
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Electronic nose (eNose) can differentiate between healthy individuals and patients with specific respiratory diseases. However, its application in discriminating among various respiratory diseases is limited.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to investigate the feasibility of using a novel eNose to differentiate between patients with three respiratory disease entities, including lung cancer, pneumonia, and structural lung disease, and healthy control group. Additionally, we validated the results using gas chromatography mass spectrometry validation (GC-MS) quantitative analysis.

METHODS

Patients with lung cancer, pneumonia, and structural lung diseases, along with healthy participants were recruited between May 2019 to July 2022. Exhaled breath samples were collected for eNose and GC-MS analysis. Breathprint features from eNose were analyzed using support vector machine model and leave-one-out cross-validation was performed.

RESULTS

A total of 263 participants (including 95 lung cancer, 59 pneumonia, 71 structural lung disease, and 38 healthy participants) were included. Three-dimensional linear discriminant analysis (LDA) showed a clear distribution of breathprints. The overall accuracy of eNose for four groups was 0.738 (194/263). The accuracy was 0.86 (61/71), 0.81 (77/95), 0.53 (31/59), and 0.66 (25/38) for structural lung disease, lung cancer, pneumonia, and control groups respectively. Pair-wise diagnostic performance comparison revealed excellent discriminant power (AUC:1-0.813) among four groups. The best performance was between structural lung disease and healthy controls (AUC:1), followed by lung cancer and structural lung disease (AUC:0.958). Volatile organic compounds revealed a high individual occurrence rate of cyclohexanone and N,N-dimethylacetamide in pneumonic patients, ethyl acetate in structural lung disease, and 2,3,4-trimethylhexane in lung cancer patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study demonstrated that the novel eNose can differentiate different respiratory diseases. The convenience, short turn-around time, and noninvasiveness of eNose make it a potential point-of-care test in clinical practice.
ENGINEERING STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF PRE-EMPLOYMENT TESTS: AN AWARENESS RAISING EXERCISE
Authors: EL-Sakran Tharwat M.
Published: June 2023

In today’s world, jobs have become very competitive and demanding in terms of some companies’ requirements. It often happens that an unlimited number of individuals may apply for an announced vacancy. To screen and filter out the many interested applicants, a great number of companies no longer solely rely on a well designed CV, an appealing job application letter (JAL) and good performance in an interview. In addition to the above, many companies all over the world necessitate that prospective job applicants sit for personality attributes tests. Such tests supplement the initial assumptions made about the applicants’ capabilities through the CV, the JAL and the interview. This study reports on the use of one such tests in a professional communication skills course for engineering students at a private English-medium university in the United Arab Emirates, and how it is utilized to better prepare students for workplace requirements and enable them to negotiate test results and refer to them as evidence for possessing highly requisite personal attributes. Pre- and post- test survey results point to students’ gains in understanding test purposes and how these can be geared towards self-marketing.
REDEFINING THE ENGLISH FOR BUSINESS COURSES IN HIGHER EDUCATION: ARE ESP COURSES BY NATURE AUTONOMY FOSTERING?
Authors: Marjanovikj-Apostolovski Marijana
Published: June 2023

Digitalization and the pressure put on universities to produce graduates who not only meet but also exceed the requirements of prospective employers impose the need for redefining the nature and role of today’s ESP courses. Alongside mastering the language and increasing the proficiency level, ESP for business courses should also strive to assist students in developing the easily transferrable generic competences, which is in line with the concept of life-long learning. In order to simultaneously develop linguistic and business competences, the ESP for business courses in tertiary education need to be learner centred, interactive, autonomy requiring and autonomy promoting. One way to ensure this is to actively involve students in the process of teaching materials selection and evaluation; incorporate self-assessment and peer-assessment, as well as practices for making students reflect not only on their language learning experience but also reflect on their motivation and needs for learning Business English. In search of an answer to the above posed question, this paper summarises a field research conducted with the ESP for business undergraduate students and teachers at the South East European University (SEEU) in the Republic of Macedonia. The objective of the field research is to give a real and detailed insight into the willingness of students to take a proactive role in the language learning process and the readiness of teachers to leave the comfort zone of being entirely in control of the teaching process. Moreover, this small-scale study aims to offer a perspective of the inclination of ESP for business teachers at SEEU to consider even pre-experienced students as partners in the teaching/learning context. Based on the findings, the paper derives a number of implications and makes specific recommendations with reference to the ESP for business courses at SEEU.
La revalorización de los sitios históricos a través del estudio psicogeográfico
Authors: Tondopó Mendoza Yonalli
Published: June 2023

El siguiente documento introduce la aplicación de la psicogeografía como estudio para la concientización de la coexistencia e interrelación entre la sociedad con los sitios históricos mediante la deriva, técnica que permite el reconocimiento espacial y las reacciones emocionales que ésta causa; invita a practicarla para redescubrir y reconectar con los sitios históricos a fin de fomentar la revalorización de dichos espacios. Lo anterior, se plantea a través del uso de la metodología de morfología urbana propuesta por Kevin Lynch (2008) para identificar de manera ordenada los elementos simbóli- cos de estos espacios, los cuales generan apropiación y, por ende, promueven su conservación.
Development of Tour Guide Application Providing Location Based Information
Authors: Shinde Avishkar
Published: June 2023

Abstract: As technology is growing immensely travel is one of the top sectors are growing disrupted by technology. Travelling apps are making center stage in the mobile app development. In recent market, there are different apps with various functions. As an example, Google maps for locations, another is trivago for hotels bookings and so on. We will be using an android studio to implement our project. Android studio is the official integrated development environment (IDE) for android applications development. Android studio provides more features to make various functionalities in application that enhance our productivity while building android apps. It supports Java programming languages to build the app. In this project we will build a tour guide application. This app will provide the information about tourist places and nearby place recommendations such as hotels, tourist places, helpline numbers and also give brief information about the places. We will also sort the places category wise like hill historical, cultural, parks etc. We are implementing all the various functions of different applications gather in one app. Thus the name tour guide app