bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Representation, representational transformation and spatial reasoning hierarchical in spatial thinking
Authors: Fiantika F R , Setyawati S P
Published: November 2019

The aim of this study is to find out the spatial thinking process of students in transforming 2-dimensional (2D) object image to 3-dimensional (3D) object image representation. Spatial thinking is needed to build how to transforming 2- dimensional (2D) object image to 3- dimensional (3D) object image. There is application of spatial thinking in our daily activities for examples in using maps, planning routes, designing floor plans, and creating art. The students of 5th grade have concrete operation level’s, it is critical period of concrete operation toward early abstract period. In preliminary study researcher found that they have problem to drawing 2-dimensional image object to 3-dimentional image object. They had said that side of cube is not square after they had drawn it but it was parallelogram. It is a problem and important thing, the researcher needs to explore how student using their spatial thinking. It is included how to student thinking process specially in case transforming 3dimensional (3D) object image to 2-dimensional (2D) object image in critical period. Spatial thinking in this study is identified through geometrical problems of transforming a 2dimensional object image into a 3-dimensional object image. Subject in this study are a boy and a girl who have visual learning style in middle level of mathematical ability. This is explorative descriptive study through qualitative approach. The result are: 1) there are different internal representations and spatial reasoning of spatial thinking between a boy and a girl, 2) there are different external representations and spatial reasoning of spatial thinking between a boy and a girl, 3) there are different representational transformation spatial objects between a boy and a girl.
Thin film flow over a bump on an inclined channel
Authors: Wiryanto L H
Published: November 2019

Lubrication theory is applied to model thin film flow on an inclined channel. The flow is uniform, but it is disturbed by a bump so that it produces a surface wave that is formulated into a single equation of the fluid thickness. Since the model is strongly non-linear, a numerical method is chosen for solving the equation. The effect of the bump can be seen by generating the wave at the surface. The wave increases the amplitude, splits, and propagates. For the long run, we obtain a steady form of the surface. The profile depends on the bump.
The estimated proportion of chronic disease sufferer in Duren Sawit district, East Jakarta, using hierarchical bayes method in small area estimation (SAE)
Authors: Fajar I , Siswantining T , Soemartojo S M
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this research is to observe the proportion of chronic disease sufferer in the Duren Sawit district, East Jakarta. The data that used in this research is the primary data in the form of survey data directly and the secondary data in the form of census data from Dinas Kesehatan (Dinkes) 2017 and Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) 2017. The sampling method used is simple random sampling with a sample size of 1% of the total heads of families living in the Duren Sawit district, that is 1229 the heads of the family. On direct estimation, estimating parameter only based on survey data of subpopulations is inappropriate action, because the sample size obtained relatively few or there are subpopulations that is not selected as the sample. To overcome this, indirect estimation is used with small area estimation (SAE) method, which borrowed extra information such as administrative data or census data from other areas or area itself and there’s an addition random area effect into the model. In this research, the proportion of chronic disease sufferer in Duren Sawit district is obtained used direct estimation and indirect estimation with hierarchical bayes method in SAE. The results of the estimates proportion from direct estimation is 18.87% with Mean Square Error (MSE) is 0.000130741, whereas the estimates of the proportion from indirect estimation is 18.37% with MSE 0.0000922915. Based on the MSE that obtained, the estimate proportion of chronic disease sufferer from indirect estimation is more reliable than direct estimation.
Analysis of obstructive sleep apnea, diabetes mellitus type 2, and prediabetes at dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital using partial least squares
Authors: Puspitaningtyas F E , Siswantining T , Kamelia T
Published: November 2019

This research aims to know the relationship model of OSA, DM type 2, and prediabetes simultaneously. Data used in this research is primary data which obtained by direct examination to patients with OSA at RSCM. The sampling method used in this research is non-probability sampling, with the number of samples is 205 patients. Partial Least Squares (PLS) method is used to obtain the purpose of this research. OSA, DM type 2, and prediabetes are dependent variables. Moreover, the independent variables are gender, age, blood pressure, obesity, and sleep hygiene. The risk of OSA is determined using the Berlin Questionnaire. DM type 2 and prediabetes are determined using fasting blood glucose (FBG). Using significance 0.1, we prove that OSA is directly affected by obesity and sleep hygiene. DM type 2 is directly affected by prediabetes, and indirectly affected by gender, age, obesity, and OSA. Gender, age, and OSA have direct effect to prediabetes, meanwhile, sleep hygiene has indirect effect to prediabetes. While obesity has direct and indirect effect to prediabetes, through OSA.
Stability analysis of a mathematical model of tumor with chemotherapy
Authors: Sari E R , Lestari D , Yulianti E , Subekti R
Published: November 2019

The purposes of this research are to analyze a mathematical model of tumor with chemotherapy and to present numerical verification of the derived result. There are four classes in the model, namely tumor cells, immune cells which is divided by active CTL cells and helper T cells, and chemotherapy drug. There are three kinds equilibrium point: tumor free, tumor persistent, and coexisting equilibrium. The dynamical behaviour of our system by analysing the existence and stability of the system at each equilibrium is discussed. The dynamical behaviour of the model is also numerically verified.
A simulation based teaching method to explain the concept of probability theory; an alternative learning method
Authors: Darnius O , Maulida Y , Enita D B T , Israil S
Published: November 2019

A concept of defining classical probability is often based on the equally likely outcome assumption of an experiment, so the experiment should be based on the equality outcome of media or tool used. If the equality assumption is not met then the alternative for defining probability is done by using the concept of relative frequency. The concept of a relative frequency means that the probability of an event is the proportion of the event occurred in an experiment with infinite trials. Mathematically If P(A) denotes a probability of event A, f(A) denotes the frequency of event A occurred, and n denotes the number of trials in an experiment, then P(A) = lim
n→∞
fA
/
n
, assumed the limit exists. This paper proves the existence of limit for the relative frequency as the number of trials goes infinitely through simulation. This simulation can finally be used as an alternative learning method in understanding the concept of probability.
The process of student’s thinking deduction level to solve the problem of geometry
Authors: Yudianto E , Trapsilasiwi D , Sunardi  , Suharto  , Susanto  , Yulyaningsih
Published: November 2019

Each thinking level van Hiele will describe the process of thinking a people use learning the geometric concepts and types of geometric ideas thinks. This research is a qualitative descriptive research what aims to describe the thinking process of students at the level of deduction in solving geometry problems. The collection data’s method in this research is test and interview method. The test is classification of students’ thinking geometry level according to van Hiele using instruments developed by Usiskin, so that the students get the level of deduction. The test of geometry to knowing the thinking process students use 1 problem from the International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) field Geometry. Interviews were conducted to the students to confirm the student’s work. The results of this study indicated that students at the level of deduction to solving geometry problems as accordance with the characteristics of van Hiele geomeri thinking in its level.
Analytical and numerical studies of resonant wave run-up on a plane structure
Authors: Andadari G , Magdalena I
Published: November 2019

Wave run-up is the vertical extent of wave up rushed on a structure. To describe wave run-up characteristic, we tend to relate to its maximum height. It was a common belief that the leading wave will usually reach the maximum run-up. However, It turns out that this is not always the case. Resonance is a phenomenon when the incident wave shares the same frequency as the natural frequency. In this article, the natural frequency of a semi-enclosed basin on a plane structure is derived using the variable separation technique. Next, the staggered conservative scheme is used to test these natural frequencies through simulations of wave run up on a plane structure. The result shows that when the incoming wave frequency is close to the natural frequency, the largest run-up height is not the leading wave, but the second, third, or fourth waves. This indicates the occurrence of resonance phenomena. Sensitivity analysis was applied to show the dependence of the maximum run-up height to the structure’s slope, as well as the incident wave frequency. Further, a physical simulation was conducted to examine whether the resonance phenomenon appears in the actual events.
Does motivation have meaning for loyalties? Empirical study from cultural destinations in Bali
Authors: Kencana E N , Darmayanti T , Jayanegara K
Published: November 2019

Over the last two decades, tourism has been successfully proved its significant effect on Bali economic development as well to increase people wealthiest. Since 2010, tourism in Bali contributes more than 35 percent in formulating the regional domestic product. In addition, this sector and its related industries also absorb more than 41 percent of Bali labor force. It is well known that tourism in Bali based on its cultural uniqueness where Uluwatu and Taman Ayun temples are two famous cultural destinations for foreign as well as domestic tourists. This work is directed to elaborate the effect of visitors motivation visited Uluwatu and Taman Ayun temples toward their loyalties. By positioning internal and external motives as the antecedents of tourists’ loyalties and their satisfaction as a mediating construct, the structural equation model (SEM) is built. A hundred visitors of Uluwatu or Taman Ayun were asked to fill out the questionnaire with 5-scaled Likert’s items on August 2017. By applying variance-based SEM, both types of motivations show a significant role in forming visitors’ satisfaction, but only the external motive affect visitors’ loyalties, significantly. Examining the mediating role of visitors’ satisfaction, there is no evidence this construct able to strengthen the effect of internal and/or external tourists’ motives in forming their loyalties.
Analytical solution of the string vibration model on Sasando musical instrument
Authors: Kusumastuti A , Jamhuri M , Hidayati N A
Published: November 2019

This research constructs mathematic model for string vibration on Sasando that expressed as a second-order linear partial differential equation with u denote the vertical displacement experienced by the string at the point x at time t. Besides, the purpose of this research is to determine analytical solution using a method known as separation of variable. There are three analytical solutions from three cases based on constant coefficient values. Case 1 occurs when

k
d

2

>
4

n
π

l

2

1
2

c
2

+
2

c
2

l

. Based on he simulation, the string produces a quarter wave within 3 seconds. This means the vibration wavelength 0.083 Hz. In this case the vertical displacement of the string is back to quiescent after vibrating to produce a quarter wave. Case 2 occurs when

k
d

2

=
4

n
π

l

2

1
2

c
2

+
2

c
2

l

. The string produces 3.5 waves within 3 seconds, means the vibration wavelength is 1.67 Hz. In this case, the farthest vertical displacement (amplitude) become smaller drastically and back to quiescent. Case 3 occurs when

k
d

2

<
4

n
π

l

2

1
2

c
2

+
2

c
2

l

. The vibration wavelength of the string is 2.83 Hz, with 7.5 waves within 3 seconds. The vertical displacement decreases periodically and back to quiescent at a certain time. Analysis of 2-dimensional graph for vertical displacement u(x,t) is done with n = 1,2,3,4,5 which is compared with profile of u(x,t) Gulla (2011). Based on results of the model were mentioned before, the mathematical model of string vibration on Sasando has the similar profile as Gulla (2011). For further, this research is suggested to perform a graph profile analysis of other cases that may arise with variation of parameter values.
Representation of students metacognition in constructing of graphics
Authors: Soedjoko E , Suyitno H , Rochmad
Published: November 2019

The concept of representation is one of the psychological concepts used in mathematics education to explain some important phenomena about how to think. Metacognition knowledge is an indicator of how well a person uses methods and strategies to control and improve their learning and knowledge. The purpose of this study is to describe the representation of students’ metacognition in constructing graphics. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. Research subjects were 6 second semester students at the Department of Mathematics UNNES in 2018. The data collection technique used was a test in the form of constructing a graph. Test results are analyzed by referring to aspects of metacognition, which are revealed through student representation in resolving the problem of constructing a function graph. Based on the results of the analysis, can be grouped into 3 groups; namely Group (1): Students, able to plan problems by understanding the problem and choosing the right strategy, able to monitor the problem through illustrating the picture correctly can then find the results by connecting information obtained from prior knowledge and can relate to other material and be able to evaluate problems indicated by the ability to draw conclusions; Group (2): students have been able to plan the problem correctly but there are still errors in the writing of the settlement procedure, and are able to evaluate the problem through conclusions drawn from the results of the solution, although still not thorough, seen in the absence of units on the results obtained; Group (3): students have not been able to plan problems in writing but can explain the procedure through direct explanation, have not been able to monitor the problem because understanding of the concept is still wrong so it cannot solve the problem and is unable to evaluate the problem correctly.
The development of learning devices based on interpersonal intelligence to improve prospective teachers’ social competence
Authors: Mahmud N , R Amaliyah AR , Amin N , Jufri M , Alimuddin
Published: November 2019

This research is a development research referred to Four-D model. This research aims to develop Interpersonal Intelligence-based of basic statistics learning devices to improve students’ social competence. This type of Four-D model development research consists of four stages: (1) define, (2) design, (3) develop, and (4) disseminate. The learning devices produced are RPS and a textbook that meet valid criteria.
Learning from student thinking in a mathematics classroom
Authors: Tanujaya B , Mumu J
Published: November 2019

The study aims to investigate thinking of students during the mathematics instruction. Data were collected by conducting observations and interviews at 7 secondary schools in Manokwari, West Papua, Indonesia. Observations were held in the classroom and studied videos of instruction to identify what they think during the classroom activities. Data obtained then triangulated through intensive interviews with students, teachers, and pre-service mathematics teachers. The results showed that there are two groups of students, those who have positive and negative thinking. Students who think positively tend to be active, confident and have high motivation. But they tend to be dominant so that it can disrupt the instruction process. On the other hand, students who think contrary tend to be inactive. Students who are inactive are caused by low ability, lack of courage and poor perception of teachers. All groups of students need help from teachers through different teaching strategies.
Identifying students’ understanding of missing angles in parallel lines: a case study of year 7 students in The United Kingdom
Authors: S Salim S
Published: November 2019

This study aims to identify students’ understanding of missing angles in parallel lines by considering what is arbitrary and what is necessary. Data were collected from observing a lesson in a year 7 classroom about the role of angles in parallel lines and interviewing the students to identify their understandings. The results reveal that there are three levels of students’ understanding: (1) the students can remember arbitrary things, but not be aware of the missing angles; (2) the students can remember arbitrary things and sometimes can be aware of necessary things, but get confused when solving a different problem; (3) the students can remember arbitrary things, can be aware of the missing angles although the problem is different from what they usually do, but they do not remember the terms introduced by the teacher during the lesson. It is suggested that teachers have such skill to identify if their students can memorize what is arbitrary and be aware of what is necessary, to assist their students’ memories and to help to educate their awarenesses.
Teachers’ perspective on the application of information and communication technology (ICT) in mathematics learning
Authors: Supianti I I , Wahyudin  , Kartasasmita B G , Nurlaelah E
Published: November 2019

This research aims to comprehend how the impact of ICT in mathematics learning, particularly in middle school, and to study teachers’ perspective toward implementation of ICT application in mathematics learning based on the gender of teaching teacher. The research method isdescriptive, giving questionnaires and interviewing 56 mathematics’ teacher in West Java, Indonesia. The results showed in applying ICT in mathematics learning, categories show many times 45%, ever applied 54%, and never applied 1 %.
Project based learning model with scientific approach, implementation of children’s education of nation to facing the golden generation era
Authors: Sulistyo L , Waluyo B , Rochmad  , Kartono
Published: November 2019

What is the project-based learning model? The project-based learning model is a learning model that uses the project (activity) as the core of learning. In this activity, students conduct exploration, assessment, interpretation, and synthesis of information to obtain various learning outcomes including knowledge, skills, and attitude. Currently learning in schools is still more focused on learning outcomes in the form of knowledge (knowledge) alone. It is very superficial, only up to the level of memory (C1) and understanding (C2) and has not been much touched on aspects of application (C3), analysis (C4), synthesis (C5), and evaluation (C6). This means that in general, learning in schools has not invited students to apply, to process every element of the concept learned to make (synthesis) generaliasi, and has not invited students to think critically on the concepts and principles that have been studied. In facing the global era and creating strong cadres of young generation cadres, educational institutions are expected to fulfill future conditions that fulfill educational qualifications such as curriculum, facilities and infrastructure, learning methods, quality of teaching staff, and management of educational institutions
Developing students’ mathematical literacy through DAPIC problem solving process
Authors: Risnanosanti  , Ristontowi
Published: November 2019

Students’ ability to formulate, use and interpret mathematics in various contexts is called mathematical literacy ability. Hence, the purpose of mathematics learning is not only to make students able to use and apply mathematical knowledge in solving real-world problems or situations, but also to develop students’ mathematical literacy. The process of problem solving is carried out through five stages, namely defining, evaluating, planning, implementing and communicating. These five stages are known as the DAPIC problem solving process. The development of students’ mathematical literacy can be done through the DAPIC problem solving process. In this current experimental research, learning activities were developed by using lesson study analysis and synthesis and the DAPIC problem solving process. 64 of eighth grade students from junior high school were taken as subjects of study. There were five steps done by researcher in developing learning activities, namely (1) posing problems in real life contexts, (2) solving problems either individual or in group, (3) presenting and discussing student’ works, (4) developing formal mathematics, and (5) applying mathematical knowledge. The experimental group was given treatments of learning activities based on learning plans developed by researcher, while the control group was given learning activities based on traditional learning plans. Data on students’ mathematical literacy ability were obtained through mathematical literacy tests. Based on the results of the study, it can be evidenced that the mathematical literacy ability of students in the experimental class were higher than the mathematical literacy ability of those were in control class.
Analysis of students’ critical thinking in solving geometry problem based on learning archivement
Authors: Sultra W S R Y , Usodo B , Pramudya I
Published: November 2019

Critical thinking ability is important for students in learning because it will help when the process of understanding, analyzing and solving problems. The purpose of this study to find out how critical thinking ability of student in solving geometry problems with high, medium, and low learning achievement. The critical thinking ability of this study consists of 5 indicators, namely (1) giving a simple explanation; (2) provide reasons for a decision; (3) conclude; (4) provide further explanation; (5) set the right strategy to solve the problem. Critical thinking ability test is given to 30 eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 2 Masaran. The method used is descriptive qualitative research with3 samples using by purposive sampling technique. The results show that students with high learning achievement can conclude and organize good strategies to solve problems. Students with medium learning achievement are completing steps that have not been optimal so that they have not achieved all the indicators of critical thinking. Students who have low learning achievement have difficulty in giving simple explanations in the early stages so they can’t solve problems and not find the right answers.
Algebraic creative thinking of undergraduate students of mathematics education program
Authors: Rochmad  , Kharis M , Agoestanto A , Zahid M Z
Published: November 2019

In mathematics, creative thinking is highly needed to solve a problem; one of them is an algebraic problem. This study was aimed to find out how the ability and character of algebraic creative thinking of mathematics education undergraduate students in group discussion. This study is a case study whereas the method used was a quantitative method. We obtanine that some students were not fluent in answering the problem, yet only a few students were flexible in doing that. Many students were also less able to obtain the originality of ideas and elaboration in solving the problems. Also, there were several groups of students who had creative thinking pattern namely Problem-Fluency-Flexibility-Originality-Elaboration. Additionally, this article also described some variations of students’ algebraic creative thinking characteristics in each aspect.
Improving place value ability for children with learning disability using balok pelangi ienes as Media
Authors: Efrina E , Marlina  , Maulina Y , Helsa Y
Published: November 2019

The use of Balok Pelangi Dienes aims to improve the ability to determine place value for students with learning disability. The ability to determine place value is profoundly needed as prerequisites in the acquisition of other mathematical concepts, such as the operation of addition, subtraction, and others. The type of the research was the experiment using singlesubject research approach with A-B-A design. The subject of the research was elementary school student in grade 5 aged 11 years old. The target behavior research was the increase of ability to determine place value through reading and writing numbers. The data of the research were measured using frequency to identify correct answers on condition of A1 (first baseline), B (intervention) and A2 (second baseline). The results showed that the frequency of student’s correct answers has significantly increased after the intervention. This was proved by the inclination of increased line direction and the small percentage of overlapping data. Therefore, the use of Balok Pelangi Dienes as media can improve the ability to determine place value for students with learning disability.
The correlation between polymorphism of TCF7L2 gene and the incidence of type 2 Diabetes in Asian: a meta analysis
Authors: Yuniastuti A , Iswari R S , Susanti R
Published: November 2019

Transcription Factor7-like2 (TCF7L2) geneplays a role in the control of proglucagon production which is the precursor of the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) hormone. GLP-1 protein plays a role in the homeostasis of blood sugar levels by increasing insulin secretion. The presence of this gene variant in beta cells of the pancreas shows impaired insulin secretion in in vivo and in vitro studies.The objective of this study was to strengthen some research results related to the role of TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms in lowering insulin secretion and its correlation to the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through an analysis. This study is a quantitative study based on a literature study (meta-analysis).The framework of the meta-analysis concept was based on the determination of odds ratio (OR), standard error (SE), determination of 95% Confidence Interval from ln (OR) and 95% for OR.Furthermore, the calculation of meta-analysis was performed. The analysis was conducted on 27 research results about TCF7L2 gene polymorphism which have been disclosed by 87 researchers in various research. Based on the results of data analysis, the correlation value was 2.6 and was in the acceptance of 95% confidence interval. Genetic and functional data indicate that the TCF7L2 gene plays an important role in insulin secretion and the intermediate phenotypes are associated with adipocytes.The TCF7L2 gene can activate special proteins that affect insulin secretion and sensitivity. The TCF7L2 protein is a transcription factor that regulates the proglucagon gene. Proglucagon is a precursor of the Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) hormone, an insulinotropic hormone produced by enteroendocrine cells. TCF7L2 gene polymorphism plays an important role to decrease the secretion of GLP-1 and ultimately leads to decreased insulin secretion.Based on the correlation value, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between TCF7L2 gene polymorphism and the incidence of T2DM.
Acute toxicity of papaya leaf extract on Artemia salina leach larvae
Authors: Nugrahaningsih W H , Titi A , Dewi N K
Published: November 2019

Papaya leaf has long been used as a natural medicine. It is beneficial for curing malaria, enhancing appetite, removing acnes, boosting the quality and quantity of breast milk and healing toothache. Most of the using based on their empirical experience. A preliminary test to examine papaya leaf extract’s ability as a medicine needs to be conducted, and in order to do that, a safety test must be implemented to determine its toxicity value. This research aims to determine the value of LC50 of papaya leaf aqueous extract. The Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method was conducted to determine acute toxicity. The 48 hours-oldArtemia salinaLeach larvaes were observed for 24 hours in sea water mixed papaya leaf extract on concentrations: 0 μg/ml, 1.000 μg/mL, 2.000 μg/mL, 5.000 μg/mL and 10.000 μg/mL. The LC50 value obtained was 88.5 mg/mL. According to BSLT, papaya leaf extract has potentially low toxicity onArtemia salinaLeach larvae.
Ethanolic leaf extracts of Waru (Hibiscus tiliaceus) inhibit biofilm formation of Vibrio alginolyticus in vitro
Authors: Suhartono S , Fitri L , Nurhaliza N , Ismail Y S , Nursanty R , Mahyuddin M , Jannah M
Published: November 2019

Vibriosis is still a major threat in aquaculture generating significant implications in ecology and economy. One of the ethologic agents of vibriosis is Vibrio alginolyticus that infects shrimp and fish aquaculture through biofilm-mediated. The objective of the study was to determine the biopotency of ethanolic extract of waru (Hibiscus tiliaceus) leaves to inhibit biofilm formation of V. alginolyticus in vitro. A microtiter plate biofilm assay (OD570) method was applied in this study. The treatments were the addition of ethanolic leaves extracts of waru (H. tiliaceus) at different concentrations of 2%, 4%, 8%, and 10%. The values of biofilm inhibition activity were measured as optical density data that were statistically analyzed using One Way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s test and the tests were considered statistically significant at a P ≤ 0.05 on two-tailed. The result of this study showed that Waru leaves extract significantly inhibited the biofilm formation of V. alginolyticus. The best inhibition was shown at 10% concentration of extract signifying the potential application of waru to treat biofilm-mediated diseases in aquaculture.
Higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) in teaching and learning biology at Madrasah Aliyah
Authors: Yusuf  , Sadia I W , Suastra IW , Suharsono N
Published: November 2019

The study was conducted to analyze Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in teaching and learning biology at Madrasah Aliyah in terms of planning and evaluation. Twenty four randomly selected biology teachers from eight Madrasah Aliyah in West Lombok Regence were involved in this study. The results indicated that the teachers, in general, have not understood the planning and assessment of HOTS-based teaching and learning; 6,25% of the teaching and learning objectives was HOTS-oriented, 17,19% of the teaching and learning activities was HOTS-oriented, 5,83% of the test questions was HOTS-oriented, and all of the teachers considered HOTS very important and it became the orientation of biology teaching and learning at Madrasah Aliyah.
The learning models of essential oil with science technology engineering mathematic (STEM) approach integrated ethnoscience
Authors: Sudarmin  , Sumarni W , Mursiti S
Published: November 2019

The topic of essential oil is one of the topics of the Natural Organic Chemistry course which discusses the meaning of essential oils and examples, isolation techniques and identification of essential oils, structural tests and the number of essential oil components. The next discussion was related to the engineering of the main compounds in essential oils, as well as the calculation of the yield of essential oil products. Learning of essential oils is still conventional, and less contextual, therefore in this study an essential oil learning with integrated science technology engineering mathematics (STEM) approach of ethnoscience and an integrated STEM approach of Ethonoscience has never been done by lecturers. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive study, the research subjects are the owners and workers in essential oil refining, with a focus on the reconstruction of Indegenous science based science knowledge and the design of the essential oil learning model with an integrated STEM approach to ethnoscience. Local essential oils used as research objects are clove oil, citronella oil, and traditionally produced patchouli oil. Data collection through interviews and observations at the traditional distillation of essential oils in Boyolali, Central Java. Data and information from interviews were carried out scientifically into scientific knowledge through a process of verification, reduction, validation, conceptualization, and documented as a source of essential oils learning with an integrated STEM Ethnoscience approach. From the results of the research and discussion, it can be concluded that (1) essential oil owners and workers have understood scientifically about the concept of essential oils, how to distill essential oils and their separation, knowledge of how to obtain good essential oil products, and calculate yield and loss of oil production volatile, (2) The learning model of essential oils with STEM approach integrated ethnoscience with project-based learning models was found, and (3) the results of the implementation of the essential oil learning model of the STEM approach integrated ethnoscience obtained positive responses and were able to improve student learning outcomes and experience.
The effectiveness of integrated science learning using cooperative learning model of group investigation type
Authors: Usmeldi  , Amini R
Published: November 2019

Science learning in Junior High School is conducted through theoretical, practicum rarely done. The subject matter of science is not yet integrated. The ability of students in investigating is still low, consequently there are still many students who have not mastered in learning science. One of the efforts to improve the student investigation ability is to apply cooperative learning model of group investigation type. The aim of this research is to know the effectiveness of integrated science learning to improve the student competence. The research used quasi experiment method with pre-test post-test group control design. The subject of research is eighth grade students in Junior High School. Data were collected using observation sheets, test, and a questionnaire. The results of research shows that integrated science learning effective to improve student competence, based on (1) mastery learning of integrated science has been achieved by most students, (2) improving the student’s competence including the high category, (3) the average of the students competence in the experiment class are better than the control class, (4) the majority of students stated that integrated science learning can be implemented.
Rethinking standardized test of science education in Indonesian high school
Authors: Setiawan H , Garnier K , Isnaeni W
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the pros and cons of standardized test assessment of Science in High School in Indonesia. A critical review of literature was used in this paper. The literature includes the current policy issues and peer-reviewed journal article from some educational databases. The data are analysed and synthesised qualitatively. Considering the literature portrays the relationship between students and assessment by focusing on how to improve assessment practices, the national educational system of Indonesia should reconsider multiple-choice assessment in standardized-test of Indonesian National examination. The assessment might have some advantages such as affordability of administration to a large number of students, objectivity, and reliability. However, the major problems about the standardized tests are that it less measure deep thinking skills and the test scores less reflect students’ abilities or the quality of students’ learning. Standardized testing means students would have more rote memorization, but they have less time to synthesize information or apply knowledge which is the challenge in the 21st century. Therefore, it seems not wise when the test is used as the only consideration to make important decisions about students for their graduation from high school.
Best practice to improve students’ HOTS using simple tool media-based learning in group investigation model at the State Senior High School 1 Manokwari
Authors: Yusuf I , Mujasam  , Widyaningsih S W , Djalimun S
Published: November 2019

Classroom Action Research (CAR) has been conducted which aims to improve Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) of The State Senior High School 1 Manokwari students after applying simple Group Assisted Learning (GI) learning to physics subjects of rigid body equilibrium material. The CAR model used in this study was the Kemmis and Mc Taggart models which consist of two cycles, each of which consists of 4 stages, namely planning, implementing action, observation, and reflection. The instrument used in this study was the HOTS test of students given before and after learning in each cycle and the questionnaire responses of students filled by students after learning. The data analysis technique used was descriptive analysis to describe HOTS students and Rasch model techniques using winstep and facet applications fo analyze students’ responses after learning. The results showed that there was an increase in HOTS of students in cycle 1 and cycle 2. Rasch model results show that most students have a very good response to learning. Therefore, GI learning assisted by simple props media can be applied to rigid body equilibrium material at The State Senior High School 1 Manokwari to develop HOTS students.
Android-based teaching material for straight-sides solid
Authors: Prabowo A , Anggoro R P , Rahmawati U , Rokhima N
Published: November 2019

Straight-sides solid subject matter was one of difficult subject matter to be understood by junior high school students in Indonesia. Developing teaching material was one of alternatives to solve that problem. This research aims to develop the application of Android-based teaching material for straight-sides solid for supporting students of junior high school in comprehend of straight-sides solid subject matter. Define, design, develop, and disseminate were the steps in developing the application. The first step of developing was identify the problem and define the product which will be developed. The next step after product defined was design the storyboard as the guidance to develop the application. Teaching experts and media experts had validated the application. They judged that the application developed was valid. The application had been disseminated to mathematics teachers and students in junior high school. Teachers stated that this application was very useful to delivered concept of straight-sides solid in junior high school while the students stated that it helped them in understanding the concepts of straight-sides solid.
Applying RADEC model in science learning to promoting students’ critical thinking in elementary school
Authors: Satria E , Sopandi W
Published: November 2019

Teaching to promoting critical thinking expertise is very significant for providing students to reside in the worldwide era. Critical thinking is scholarly expertise that needs direction and practice, especially for elementary school students. The lack of teachers’ skills and ability in choosing appropriate learning model in natural science learning for promoting critical thinking for students is one of the reasons to done this study. This study aims to observe and describe the improvement of the students’ critical thinking at class IV, appearing in natural science learning after implementing RADEC model in class IV SD Negeri Surialaya, Tasikmalaya, West Java as shown from the student’s comments. This research applied a descriptive method. The instrument of the research was the observation sheets of students’ critical thinking and teachers’ activities in boosting critical thinking and of course the researcher himself. The data gathered through observation. The results showed that elementary science teachers did not orient to improving critical thinking among students, as very little of the classroom students showed in critical thinking skills. The developed model this study provides can use as a tool to assess science classes regarding improving critical thinking of the elementary school students.
Water quality of the Panasen River in the upstream of the Tondano Watershed in a five-year period (2014-2018)
Authors: Wantasen S , Luntungan J N , Tarore A E , Lumingkewas A
Published: November 2019

Water quality of the Panasen River in upstream of Tondano’s watershed is important to study because the Panasen River crosses residential areas, agriculture, and livestock farms, carrying solid and liquid wastes from these activities, which ultimately leads to Lake Tondano. This waste has the potential to become residue in Lake Tondano. The objective of this research was to study water quality of the Panasen River in the upper of the Tondano watershed throughout a five-year period (2014-2018). Water sampling is done by using composite sampling in the one location of Panasen River which become the inlet of Lake Tondano, analyzed using Colorimetry method, and compared with the Quality Satndard in accordance with the Law of No. 82/2001 Class II about Water Quality Management and Water Pollution Control (KLH, 2001). The results showed that 30 parameters (temperature, pH, TDS, TSS, NH3, DO, BOD, COD, chloride, CN, F, NO3, NO2, sulfate, sulphide, PO4, As, B, Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Se, Zn, Hg, Cr-VI, surfactant (MBAS)) analyzed generally met the Water Quality Standard in accordance with the Law of No. 82/2001, except the chlorine parameter concentrations: Chlorine concentration in 2013 (0,1 mg-0,19 mg/l), 2014 (0,1 mg/l-0,44 mg/l), 2015 (<0,02 mg/l- 0,11 mg/l), 2016 ( 0,05 mg/l − 0,08 mg/l), 2017 (<0,02 mg/l-0,07 mg/l), 2018 (0,03 mg/l-0,06 mg/l). Average chlorine concentrations exceeded Quality Standards according to the Law of No. 82/200101 (Chlorine 0,03 mg/l). The high concentration of chlorine in the Panasen River water bodies is partly due to the application of KCI fertilizers, pesticides to rice fields, horticultural lands, and domestic waste.
Consideration of curriculum approaches of employing ethnomathematics in mathematics classroom
Authors: Peni N R N , Baba T
Published: November 2019

As mentioned by many researchers (e.g., [1,2,3]), students have a belief that learning mathematics is formal and not flexible. Students are required to have fundamental mathematics skills which not only focus on memorizing the formula but also make sense of it. Recently, ethnomathematics is one of the promising approaches to help the students to explore their culture to get the idea of the mathematical concept. Though this ethnomathematics is well-known enough, ethnomathematics in the classroom seems superficial and only is used for the introduction part in the mathematics concept. In this paper, researchers try to review previous studies to identify the research gap and consider a new curriculum approach to fill the gap. Several existing approaches will be examined to develop a mathematical concept by overcoming superficial nature. Strength and weakness of them are identified. As a part of the consideration, an example will be given to strengthening the proposed curriculum.
Analysis of vitamin C and mineral content on rambutan peels exstract
Authors: Lisdiana  , Yuniastuti A , Kusfitasari A
Published: November 2019

Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L) is the original Indonesian tropical fruit. Generally people who eat rambutan only eat the flesh. They throw away the rind which is potential to be a waste. On the rambutan’s peel contains antioxidant which potentially becomes basic material of herbal medicine. However another compound has been not discovered yet. Except vitamin C, our body needs some other minerals. This study aims to analyze the vitamin C and other minerals content on rambutan’s peel extract. This study uses exploration study design. The sample of the study is rambutan’s peel on the Sekaran area, Gunungpati. Focus of this study is to test the vitamin C and minerals (Cu, K, Fe, and Zn) on Rambutan’s peel exreact. The vitamin C test uses HPLC and for minerals (Cu, K, Fe, and Zn) uses AAS. The result shows that value of vitamin C on rambutan’s rind extract is 0.0003941mg/100mg, while minerals (Cu, K, Fe, and Zn) are 0.0012996 mg/100mg, 0.0001645 mg/100mg, 0.00384 mg/100mg, and 0.0135065 mg/100mg. These results show that the extract contains vitamin C and minerals (Cu, K, Fe, and Zn).
On the distribution mechanism of green box subsidies
Authors: Medvedeva T N , Artamonova I A , Baturina I N , Farvazova E A , Roznina N V , Mukhina E G
Published: November 2019

Worldwide, agriculture is subsidized. The state is trying to provide financial assistance to agricultural producers. But the WTO framework does not allow these financial flows to be directed in any direction. Support is needed that does not directly affect the formation of prices and does not violate the rules of international trade. Therefore, there is a need to improve the mechanism for the provision of budgetary funding. This immediately invokes a dilemma: to increase the efficiency of their use and to increase the efficiency of production. In agriculture, land is the main means of production. Therefore, the issue of improving the efficiency of land use, and in particular, agricultural land, has received close attention. The system of green box subsidies for crop production, which in Russia since 2013 has been used as a tool of state support for agricultural heat producers, requires further improvement. This type of financing is considered to be unrelated, since it does not define the type of supported products. The funds, in accordance with the new rules, are issued to farms for reimbursement of expenses for conducting agrotechnological field work, improving environmental safety, improving fertility and soil quality, based on the total area of crops. But in the distribution of the regional part of subsides, the methodological approaches for the subjects of Russia have differences that are related to their budgetary support and the attitude of the regional authorities to the agrarian sector. The article proposes the author’s method of allocating budget funds, taking into account the coefficient of costs coverage per unit of soil appraising score. It will enhance the efficiency of their use and, at the same time, increase the efficiency of use of agricultural land. Financing agricultural producers in the region as part of green box subsidies allows them to receive state assistance in a timely manner and gives time to prepare for the sowing campaign in technical and technological terms, as well as to conduct it in the optimum time frame.
Potential of exurbanization in Russia: possibility and priorities
Authors: Farkov A G
Published: November 2019

The article discusses the issues of ruralization and exurbanization as a priority to ensure the development of agricultural regions. The data on the main social groups - potential subjects of exurbanization are given. The factors affecting the process of exurbanization and ruralization are analyzed in relation to Russian conditions. It also discusses the main risk factors for the processes of ruralization. The article also points out the need for a new model for the development of the territorial economy of agrarian regions.