bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do Student Mindsets Differ by Socioeconomic Status and Explain Disparities in Academic Achievement in the United States?
Authors: Destin Mesmin , Hanselman Paul , Buontempo Jenny , Tipton Elizabeth , Yeager David S.
Published: July 2019

Students from higher–socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds show a persistent advantage in academic outcomes over lower-SES students. It is possible that students’ beliefs about academic ability, or mindsets, play some role in contributing to these disparities. Data from a recent nationally representative sample of ninth-grade students in U.S. public schools provided evidence that higher SES was associated with fewer fixed beliefs about academic ability (a group difference of .22 standard deviations). Also, there was a negative association between a fixed mindset and grades that was similar regardless of a student’s SES. Finally, student mindsets were a significant but small factor in explaining the existing relationship between SES and achievement. Altogether, mindsets appear to be associated with socioeconomic circumstances and academic achievement; however, the vast majority of the existing socioeconomic achievement gap in the U.S. is likely driven by the root causes of inequality.
Propofol-Associated Priapism in a Prepubescent Pediatric Patient
Authors: Savoie Cody , Rajanna Veena , Khandhar Paras
Published: June 2019

Introduction. Propofol is a commonly used sedative medication for procedural sedation with a limited side effect profile. Although well tolerated with minimal adverse reactions, uncommon side effects have been reported. Methods. Case report of priapism in a 9-year-old male following the use of propofol for sedation in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) setting. The patient was admitted to the PICU for postoperative management following laryngotracheal reconstruction. On postoperative day 2, our patient was initiated on continuous infusion of propofol and he developed priapism. Propofol was then immediately discontinued, and the priapism quickly resolved without any medical or surgical interventions. Results. Priapism is a low-flow state and is considered a urological emergency requiring prompt recognition, withdrawal of suspected offending agents, and possible need for urologic consultation to alleviate complications. Although rare, priapism with propofol has been reported but never in a prepubescent male. The mechanism of propofol-associated priapism is not well understood, but it is thought that it may result from an autonomic system imbalance, leading to an increase in parasympathetic activity. In addition, propofol has been shown to affect nitric oxide–mediated smooth muscle relaxation. In our patient, we suspected propofol to be contributing factor to his priapism based on the temporal relationship between the initiation of the medication and symptoms and resolution of symptoms after propofol discontinuation. Discussion. Given the expansive use of propofol in pediatrics for sedation and anesthesia, pediatric clinicians should be cognizant of this rare adverse effect in pediatric patients with potentially disastrous complications.
Impact of antithymocyte globulin on outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation with TBI
Authors: Nagler Arnon , Labopin Myriam , Dholaria Bhagirathbhai , Niittyvuopio Riitta , Maertens Johan , Poiré Xavier , Cornelissen Jan , Reményi Péter , Bourhis Jean Henri , Beguin Yves , Malladi Ram , Kerre Tessa , Schroyens Wilfried , Savani Bipin N. , Mohty Mohamad
Published: July 2019

The impact of the use of antithymocyte globulin (ATG) following a total body irradiation (TBI)–based myeloablative conditioning regimen has been poorly explored. We retrospectively analyzed 724 patients who underwent a first allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) following a TBI-based conditioning regimen for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and compared the outcomes of 251 (35%) patients who received ATG (ATG group) with 473 (65%) patients who did not (non-ATG group). Median follow-up of surviving patients was 59 months (interquartile range, 28-83). The cumulative incidence of grade II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) for non-ATG and ATG groups in the first 100 days was 33% vs 24%, respectively (P = .0098). The 2-year cumulative incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) was reduced significantly in the ATG group in comparison with the non-ATG group (46% vs 34%, P = .003). Using multivariate analysis, in vivo T-cell depletion (ATG group) was independently associated with a decreased incidence of grade II-IV aGVHD (hazard ratio [HR], 0.28; P < .001), grade III-IV aGVHD (HR, 0.21; P < .001), cGVHD (HR, 0.63; P = .02), and nonrelapse mortality (NRM) (HR, 0.54; P = .02). Relapse risk, overall survival, and leukemia-free survival were similar between the 2 groups. Our results suggest that the addition of ATG to TBI-based myeloablative conditioning for allo-HCT in AML patients results in a significant reduction in aGVHD and cGVHD, translating into a significant reduction in NRM without increasing the relapse rate.
Overcoming Barriers in the Implementation of Programs for Breast and Cervical Cancers in Cali, Colombia: A Pilot Model
Authors: Sardi Armando , Orozco-Urdaneta Mavalynne , Velez-Mejia Carolina , Perez-Bustos Andres H. , Munoz-Zuluaga Carlos , El-Sharkawy Farah , Parra-Lara Luis Gabriel , Córdoba Patricia , Gallo David , Sittig Michelle , King Mary Caitlin , Nieroda Carol , Zambrano-Vera Katherin , Singer John
Published: July 2019

Breast and cervical cancers are leading causes of mortality among women in Latin America. Colombia has universal health care and a government-sponsored 10-year cancer control plan focused on prevention, early detection, and treatment. However, many administrative and social barriers have hindered its success, and a majority of patients are diagnosed at a late stage. Established in 2012, Partners for Cancer Care and Prevention (PFCCAP) works to decrease the burden of these cancers by mitigating the obstacles women face during their cancer diagnosis and treatment. Through community outreach meetings with medical personnel, hospital directors, and government officials, PFCCAP identified major barriers, including lack of trained health care personnel, few centers with adequate screening equipment, and a fragmented health system with significant administrative delays and poor continuity of care. Its solution included monthly teleconferences, biannual on-site training, quality control programs, and improved access to screening equipment. PFCCAP also initiated a patient navigation project. After implementation of the PFCCAP plan of action, from 2012 to 2018, the average time from initial consult to biopsy decreased from 65 to 20 days; from biopsy to diagnosis, 33 to 4 days; and from diagnosis to surgery, 121 to 60 days. To date, more than 1,500 women have benefited from this initiative, which has expanded to other regions. Overall, PFCCAP is creating centers of excellence in strategically located hospitals and promoting the implementation of national guidelines. Although several barriers still exist, PFCCAP is helping to implement an efficient health care model that can be replicated in other underserved populations.
Andexanet Alfa for Urgent Reversal of Apixaban Before Aortic Surgery Requiring Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Case Report
Authors: Flaherty Devon , Connors Jean M. , Singh Steve , Sylvester Katelyn W. , Rimsans Jessica , Cornella Lauren
Published: July 2019

Andexanet alfa is a recombinant factor Xa decoy molecule capable of reversing direct and indirect factor Xa–inhibiting anticoagulants. We present an adult patient on apixaban for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation who required urgent reoperative aortic surgery for an aortic root pseudoaneurysm. Apixaban was reversed with andexanet alfa. A second dose of andexanet alfa was required before surgical incision for persistently elevated antifactor Xa levels. Intraoperative management required use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). No major adverse cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, hemorrhagic, or thromboembolic events were observed.
Insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) deficiency delays liver fibrosis associated with cholestatic injury
Authors: Villar-Lorenzo Andrea , Rada Patricia , Rey Esther , Marañón Patricia , Arroba Ana I. , Santamaría Beatriz , Sáiz Jorge , Rupérez Francisco J. , Barbas Coral , García-Monzón Carmelo , Valverde Ángela M. , González-Rodríguez Águeda
Published: July 2019

Insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) is a key downstream mediator of insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signalling pathways and plays a major role in liver metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate whether IRS2 had an impact on the hepatic fibrotic process associated with cholestatic injury. Bile duct ligation (BDL) was performed in wild-type (WT) and Irs2-deficient (IRS2KO) female mice. Histological and biochemical analyses, together with fibrogenic and inflammatory responses were evaluated in livers from mice at 3, 7 and 28 days following BDL. We also explored whether activation of human hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) induced by IGF1 was modulated by IRS2. IRS2KO mice displayed reduced disruption of liver histology, such hepatocyte damage and excess deposition of extracellular matrix components, compared with WT mice at 3 and 7 days post-BDL. However, no histological differences between genotypes were found at 28 days post-BDL. The less pro-inflammatory profile of bile acids accumulated in the gallbladder of IRS2KO mice after BDL corresponded with the reduced expression of pro-inflammatory markers in these mice. Stable silencing of IRS2 or inhibition of ERK1/2 reduced the activation of human LX2 cells and also reduced induction of MMP9 upon IGF1 stimulation. Furthermore, hepatic MMP9 expression was strongly induced after BDL in WT mice, but only a slight increase was found in mice lacking IRS2. Our results have unravelled the signalling pathway mediated by IGF1R–IRS2–ERK1/2–MMP9 as a key axis in regulating HSC activation, which might be therapeutically relevant for targeting liver fibrosis.
Female Athlete Triad and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport: A Focus on Scientific Rigor
Authors: Williams Nancy I. , Koltun Kristen J. , Strock Nicole C. A. , De Souza Mary Jane
Published: July 2019

We examine the scientific evidence supporting The Female Athlete Triad and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) syndromes. More research is necessary to advance the understanding of both syndromes; however, it is premature to consider RED-S as an evidence-based syndrome. Future research should specifically define RED-S components, determine its clinical relevance, and establish the causality of relative energy deficiency on RED-S outcomes.
Internal Geography, Labor Mobility, and the Distributional Impacts of Trade
Authors: Fan Jingting
Published: June 2019

I develop a spatial-equilibrium model to quantify the distributional impacts of international trade in an economy with intranational trade and migration costs. Focusing on China, I find that international trade increases both between-region inequality among workers with similar skills and within-region inequality between skilled and unskilled workers, with the former accounting for 75 percent of the overall inequality increase. Ignoring spatial frictions will underestimate trade’s impact on the overall inequality and overestimate its impact on the aggregate skill premium. I further study how internal trade and Hukou reforms affect the domestic economy and the impacts of international trade. (JEL F14, F16, J24, O18, P23, P33, R12)
The Currency Composition of Sovereign Debt
Authors: Ottonello Pablo , Perez Diego J.
Published: June 2019

We study the currency composition of sovereign debt in emerging economies through the lens of a model in which the government lacks commitment regarding debt and monetary policy. High levels of debt in local currency give rise to incentives to dilute debt repayment through currency depreciation. Governments tilt the currency composition of debt toward foreign currency to avoid inflationary costs and real exchange rate distortions, at the expense of forgoing the hedging properties of local currency debt. Our quantitative model is used to shed light on the recent dynamics of the currency composition of debt and on its cyclical behavior. (JEL E31, E32, E52, F34, H63)
Pattern of un-operated Grown Up Congenital Heart (GUCH) patients presenting to a Tertiary Care Cardiac Institute of Punjab
Authors: Mughal Abdul Razzaq , Tousif Rubina , Alamgir Asif Rashid , Jalal Anjum
Published: June 2019

Objectives: To identify the pattern of un-operated grown up congenital heart defects at our tertiary care cardiac institute.

Methods: This is a prospective observational study. All un-operated GUCH patients who presented to Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology (FIC) from May 2017 to 30th July 2017 were enrolled. Diagnosis was established on Transthoracic Echocardiography done by dedicated pediatric cardiologist at FIC. The mode of presentation, presenting complaints, type, severity, complications and co-morbid conditions of CHD were recorded.

Results: A total of 200 consecutive patients were enrolled. Mean age was 29.92 ± 11.21 years. There were 104 females (52%) and 96 males (48%). Majority of patients presented in Out-Patient Department (84%) while 16% presented in emergency (n=32). The most common cardiac anomalies were: Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) 41.5% (83), Tetralogy of Fallots (TOF) 42 (21%), Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) 28 (14%) and Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) 8 % (16). Cyanotic CHD was present in 43% (86) while TOF was the most common of it. The disease was of moderate complexity in 77.5% patients. Certain complications like Pulmonary hypertension 69(34.5%), Eisenmenger 33(16.5%), Rhythm disturbances 15 (7.5%), Infective endocarditis 5(2.5%) were also present along with co-morbid conditions like coronary artery disease (1.5% and systemic hypertension (2.5%). Dyspnea on exertion (59.5%) followed by cyanosis (41%) were the most common presenting complaints. The most common reason for hospital admission was cardiac signs and symptoms (19.5%) followed by cardiac catheterization (10.5%).

Conclusion: The ASD, TOF, VSD and PDA remain the most common CHD in descending order while pulmonary hypertension, Eisenmenger, heart failure, arrhythmias, infective endocarditis and stroke were the common complications of CHD at this particular age.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.878

How to cite this:Mughal AR, Tousif R, Alamgir AR, Jalal A. Pattern of un-operated Grown Up Congenital Heart (GUCH) patients presenting to a Tertiary Care Cardiac Institute of Punjab. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(4):1066-1071. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.878

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Comparing simulated results of folded and unfolded log-periodic antenna used for observing the Sun
Authors: Ша Ли , Sha Li , Йихуа Йан , Yihua Yan , Чжицзюнь Чень , Zhijun Chen , Вэй Ван , Wei Wang
Published: June 2019

There are two antenna arrays located in Mingantu Spectral Radio Heliograph (MUSER). MUSER-I and MUSER-II cover the frequency band ranging from 0.4 to 2 GHz and from 2 to 15 GHz respectively. A third antenna array covering 30–240 MHz will be established in the coming years. A log-periodic antenna is one of the choices for MUSER low frequency band; it radiates structures capable of maintaining consistent impedance characteristics over a wide bandwidth. Due to the ability of achieving high gain, it is widely used in many broadband applications. In this program, folded and unfolded log-periodic antennas are simulated for the Meridian project. In order to improve its return loss, this antenna is optimized with the width of each pole and the height of the substrate. This optimized process has been implemented in the simulated software HFSS.
Chromospheric K CaII telescope of Baikal Astrophysical Observatory. New light
Authors: Лоптева Любовь , Lopteva Lyubov , Кушталь Галина , Kushtal Galina , Прошин Владимир , Proshin Vladimir , Скоморовский Валерий , Skomorovsky Valery , Фирстов Сергей , Firstov Sergey , Химич Валерий , Khimich Valeriy , Чупраков Сергей , Chuprakov Sergey
Published: June 2019

In recent years, most results of CaII studies of the solar chromosphere in H and K lines have been based on observations with narrow passband filters. The Baikal Observatory’s full-disk chromospheric telescope for the K CaII line with a birefringent filter (BF) has again been included in observation programs of the Sun Service Station and scientific research.

We analyze the methods of telescope and modernized birefringent filter adjustment. After many years of continuous operation, a pressing need arose to replace the damaged parts of the chromospheric telescope. Optics and mechanics of the entire telescope have been cleaned and readjusted. Wavefront interferograms of the teleobjective lens and of the whole telescope show that wavefront distortions of the entire optical path are within 0.25 λ. We present an optical scheme and discuss optical-physical characteristics of BF elements. The interference prefilter and UV polarizers have been replaced, and passbands of BF tunable stages have been adjusted. The BF spectral characteristics provide a fairly high contrast of monochromatic images of large-scale phenomena. Unfortunately, with a collimator and Sony Cyber-Shot DSC-S85 camera, mounted on the telescope, the theoretical resolution of the 180-mm telescope is not realized. We have therefore calculated two optical schemes of telescope changes for possible improvement in spatial resolution.
SYNTHESIS OF Cu1.6Bi4.6S8 COMPOUND FOR THERMOELECTRIC APPLICATION
Authors: Duong Binh Ngoc , Bui Long Duc
Published: June 2019

In this work, Cu1.6Bi4.6S8 thermoelectric compound was synthesized using high energy milling and heat treatment. The starting mixture include Cu, Bi and S elemental powders at the stoichiometry ratio of the formula Cu1.6Bi4.6S8 were ball milled in a planetary ball mill and heat treated in an electric furnace. The results shown that after 10 hours of milling, a compound identified as Cu3.21Bi4.79S9 was formed. The 16h milled powder was heat-treated at 350, 400 and 450ºC for 1 hours at a heating rate of 8 ºC/minute, XRD of the annealed powder reveals that the Cu3.21Bi4.79S9 obtained fully transformed into Cu1.6Bi4.6S8 after being heat treated at 400ºC. Meanwhile, Bi2S3 was found in the powder being annealed at 350ºC. The 5h milled powder was also annealed at 400ºC for 1 hours at a heating rate of 2 and 8 ºC/minute, XRD analysis show that Cu1.6Bi4.6S8 was also formed in the heat-treated powder with the heating rate of 2 ºC/min.
EFFECT OF TiO2 NANOPARTICLES ON THE MECHANICAL AND ANTICORROSIVE PROPERTIES OF Zn-Ni COMPOSITE COATINGS
Authors: BELHAMRA Nadjette , BOULEBTINA Abd Raouf , BELAHSSEN Okba
Published: June 2019

In this paper, we are interested in the study of electrochemical, morphological and structural characteristics of the properties of the deposits of Zn-Ni-TiO2 obtained by electrodeposition on the mild steel substrate in a bath of sulfate. The principal aim is to improve the coatings with better properties, by incorporation of titanium oxide, which is a hard compound, chemically stable and irreducible. The characterization of the coatings was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and by X-ray diffraction. The morphology of the film surface varies with the concentration of oxide titanium and it was found higher values of microhardness. Electrochemical characterization of the composites had been carried out through potentiodynamic polarization. The results showed that better corrosion resistance with the incorporation of oxide titanium.
Robotized and Automated Warehouse Systems: Review and Recent Developments
Authors: Azadeh Kaveh , De Koster René , Roy Debjit
Published: June 2019

Robotic handling systems are increasingly applied in distribution centers. They require little space, provide flexibility in managing varying demand requirements, and are able to work 24/7. This makes them particularly fit for e-commerce operations. This paper reviews new categories of automated and robotic handling systems, such as shuttle-based storage and retrieval systems, shuttle-based compact storage systems, and robotic mobile fulfillment systems. For each system, we categorize the literature in three groups: system analysis, design optimization, and operations planning and control. Our focus is to identify the research issue and operations research modeling methodology adopted to analyze the problem. We find that many new robotic systems and applications have hardly been studied in academic literature, despite their increasing use in practice. Because of unique system features (such as autonomous control, flexible layout, networked and dynamic operation), new models and methods are needed to address the design and operational control challenges for such systems, in particular, for the integration of subsystems. Integrated robotic warehouse systems will form the next category of warehouses. All vital warehouse design, planning, and control logic, such as methods to design layout, storage and order-picking system selection, storage slotting, order batching, picker routing, and picker to order assignment, will have to be revisited for new robotized warehouses.
Exact Branch-Price-and-Cut Algorithms for Vehicle Routing
Authors: Costa Luciano , Contardo Claudio , Desaulniers Guy
Published: June 2019

Vehicle routing problems (VRPs) are among the most studied problems in operations research. Nowadays, the leading exact algorithms for solving many classes of VRPs are branch-price-and-cut algorithms. In this survey paper, we highlight the main methodological and modeling contributions made over the years on branch-and-price (branch-price-and-cut) algorithms for VRPs, whether they are generic or specific to a VRP variant. We focus on problems related to the classical VRP—that is, problems in which customers must be served by several capacitated trucks and which are not combinations of a VRP and another optimization problem.
What have ‘human factors’ got to do with me?
Authors: Ellwood Fiona
Published: July 2019

Fiona Ellwood, a member of the National Advisory Board on Human Factors in Dentistry, asks dental nurses to consider how characteristics, systems, products, tools and the environment relate to the safe delivery of dentistry
Get our of your comfort zone!
Authors: Smith Nicola
Published: July 2019

Dental nurse Nicola Smith explains why setting yourself challenges is a great career boost
Showcase your success
Authors: Meldrum Eloise
Published: July 2019

Dentistry can be lonely, which is why our newest editorial board member, dental nurse Eloise Meldrum, suggests we should all seek out great networking opportunities
How to silence those demons
Authors: Bissett Julie
Published: July 2019

Do you have a quiet fear of being exposed as a fraud? Julie Bissett investigates the self-sabotaging phenomenon of ‘imposter syndrome’
Pressure Pain Thresholds In Adults With Patellofemoral Pain And Patellofemoral Joint Osteoarthritis: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Bartholomew Clare , Edwards Laura , Lack Simon David
Published: July 2019

Background/Aims

Patellofemoral pain and patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis are common non-self-limiting conditions. The two conditions are on a continuum with 20–30% of patellofemoral pain patients showing radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging features of patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis. Evidence suggests reduced pressure pain thresholds, locally and remotely from the site of reported pain, are a feature of patellofemoral pain in adolescent females. However, a paucity of evidence exists for male and female adults with no studies considering pressure pain thresholds in patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis. Exploring if pain sensitisation is a dominant feature of patellofemoral pain and patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis, and if a subgroup at and increased risk can be identified, may guide future treatments for instance the need for components aimed at neurological pain. The primary aim is to measure local and remote pressure pain thresholds in patellofemoral pain and patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis patients compared to matched controls. Secondary aims will consider the relationship between pressure pain thresholds and patellofemoral pain/patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis severity and knee function.

Methods

A total of 13 patellofemoral pain patients, 15 patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis patients and 54 age and sex matched controls were recruited from UK male and female adults. Demographic details, Tegner activity level score, symptom duration, Kujala score (for patellofemoral pain severity), Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score score (for patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis severity) and Whatman score rating of five single leg squats (for knee function) were recorded. Pressure pain thresholds were measured at six sites: five local around the knee, one remote on the contralateral leg. Between-group differences were tested using analysis of variance techniques. Strength of association between pressure pain thresholds and patellofemoral pain/patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis severity and knee function were tested using Spearman's rank order correlation.

Results

No statistically significant difference in pressure pain thresholds were identified between the patellofemoral pain patients and matched controls (F(1,31)=0.687, P=0.413, h2=0.022). Similarly, no difference in pressure pain thresholds were identified between the patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis patients and matched controls (F(1,47)=0.237, P=0.629, h2=0.005).

Conclusions

Contrary to the hypothesis, no difference was found between patellofemoral pain nor patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis patients and matched controls.
Our Pathway To A Successful Non-Medical Research Strategy – A Culture Shift Five Years On
Authors: Jaggi Anju , Gilbert Anthony , Cairns Mindy , Dalton Rachel
Published: July 2019

Background/Aims

There is increasing evidence that research-active healthcare provider organisations provide better quality care, increased treatment options and improved clinical outcomes. Delivering evidence based clinical care and a high academic profile was identified as a key strategic objective at a tertiary orthopaedic hospital in the UK.

Methods

In 2013, the organisation appointed a Director of Therapies and a Consultant physiotherapist with protected time to develop a therapies research strategy. Focus groups were held across the directorate (140 staff across all pay bands and grades including non-professional staff) to identify current research activity, barriers and enablers to developing a research active department. Data were analysed thematically and findings used to inform a 5-year research strategy.

Results

Five key actions were identified: (1) identifying research programmes in clinical teams; (2) research as a key team objective; (3) provide appropriate research training and education; (4) identify talent and research champions; (5) develop external collaborations with appropriate academic and commercial partners. In 2014, a commercial grant was successful and a therapies research coordinator was appointed to support staff training and research processes. In 2016, a 2-year grant received from the hospital charity supported this ongoing role alongside funding with a higher education institute to provide methodological support, writing skills and grant applications. To date, this has resulted in six peer-reviewed articles and further external funding. Novice researchers have been supported resulting in a National Institute for Health Research PhD fellowship and two National Institute for Health Research internships to build capability. Clinical teams have identified research programmes to maximise resources and time. Of the total number of registered projects, 41% of were submitted to national/international scientific conferences compared to only 16% in 2014.

Conclusions

The key to a successful research strategy in a clinical setting requires clear strategic support, leadership, talent spotting and training. However, dedicated resources and investment is required for delivery of projects to publications.
What Is The Effect Of Communication Technology On The Work Of Being A Patient In Orthopaedics? A Systematic Review
Authors: Gilbert Anthony , Jaggi Anju , Jones Jeremy , May Carl
Published: July 2019

Background/Aims

Physiotherapy consultations in an orthopaedic setting often require visualisation and a ‘hands on’ approach. There has been an increasing number of research studies exploring the effectiveness and acceptability of telephone and videoconferencing consultations within orthopaedics. Much of the drive behind this change has been to improve access to care and to link the clinic to the home environment. The introduction of communication technology consultations requires a shift in patient workload, which may impact on patient experience of accessing healthcare and managing their condition. The purpose of this research is to systematically review qualitative papers reporting communication technology consultations (phone and videoconference) in orthopaedics. Attention will be focused towards the effect of communication technology on the workload of being a patient.

Methods

The protocol for the systematic review was registered and is available to view on the PROSPERO database (CRD42018100896). MEDLINE, AMED, CINAHL, PsychINFO, SCOPUS databases were independently searched, using the search strategy, by two researchers to identify qualitative papers reporting communication technology use in an orthopaedics setting. Data from Introduction, Results and Discussion sections were extracted and an attribution of statements formulated. All statements were thematically analysed into families of themes surrounding patient workload.

Results

The search identified 1542 papers that were included for review and eight full texts met the inclusion criteria and were included for analysis. Two studies reported telephone consultations and six reported real time videoconferencing consultations. Six families of themes were identified: (1) skills; (2) clinical interactions; (3) environment; (4) processes; (5) impact on patient; (6) preferences.

Conclusions

Literature on the use of communication technologies in healthcare, such as videoconferencing and telephone consultations, is growing in orthopaedics. Qualitative papers highlight the benefits and challenges of communication technology consultations. This review synthesises the change in the workload that patient's face when using these technologies. These altered demands of communication technology consultations affect the patient's experience of accessing healthcare. Consideration of these factors and tailored individualised support for patients may enhance the patient experience and increase suitability of communication technology consultations for orthopaedic patients.
Factors Influencing Emitter Clogging Caused by Negative Pressure in Potted Yunnan Laterite with Root-Zone Infiltration Irrigation
Authors: Zhang Yijie , Zhang Tianshun , Yu Yang , Guo Pan , Kong Lingqiong , Duan Qingsong
Published: June 2019

Abstract. In this study, an equivalent mechanical model was established for the clogging induced by soil suction under negative pressure during root-zone infiltration irrigation in a crop-free pot, and a state diagram was plotted for the clogging process induced by a single soil suction factor under negative pressure. Three groups of impact factor experiments were conducted using three different emitters: a flow-adjustable emitter with eight horizontal outlets (emitter L), a flow-adjustable emitter with two vertical outlets (emitter Q), and an anti-clogging material wrapped around the outer surface of emitter L (emitter K). The first group of experiments investigated the influence of irrigation pressure, the variation of irrigation pressure (range of 0.02 to 0.12 MPa), and the amount of sediment inside emitter L in Yunnan laterite. For the second group of experiments, two soil types (Yunnan laterite and yellow sand), two single-event irrigation volumes (170 and 250 mL), and two numbers of irrigation events (8 and 16) were used to quantitatively analyze the sediment content in emitter L. The third group of experiments used emitters L, Q, and K and involved quantitative analysis of the clogging differences in the different emitter types with two soil types (Yunnan laterite and yellow sand) and two numbers of irrigation events (24 and 64). Statistical analysis showed that irrigation pressure, soil type, irrigation pattern, and emitter type were significant (p < 0.05) for the amount of sediment due to negative suction inside the emitter. The results demonstrate that emitter clogging induced by negative pressure tends to first decrease and then increase with increasing irrigation pressure. The amount of sediment that accumulates within an emitter is influenced by both the soil suction effect under negative pressure as well as soil flushing under positive pressure. Within emitter L, clogging induced by soil suction under negative pressure was more likely to occur when using Yunnan laterite rather than yellow sand soil. When both soil types were used in the test, emitter L was observed to be more prone to clogging induced by negative pressure compared to emitter Q, whereas emitter K exhibited the best anti-clogging performance. This study provides a quantitative account of the factors associated with clogging induced by negative pressure, and it provides a theoretical and experimental basis for gaining an in-depth understanding of emitter clogging during root-zone infiltration irrigation in Yunnan laterite. Keywords: Emitter, Negative-pressure clogging, Pot environment, Root-zone infiltration irrigation, Yunnan laterite.
Os fundamentos do neoconstitucionalismo: A perspectiva histórica dos problemas jurídicos modernos
Authors: Amorim Fábio Tavares
Published: June 2019

Este trabalho acadêmico objetiva promover a breve análise dos efeitos decorrentes da positivação dos direitos fundamentais para o Estado Democrático de Direitos. Busca-se, também, que o leitor conheça a função de garante da jurisdição constitucional, entendendo que o compromisso traçado pelo legislador constituinte originário ocasiona profunda verticalização na interpretação do ordenamento jurídico, promovendo o enlaçamento entre os conceitos de justiça e moral, de forma a justificar e exigir interpretação neoconstitucional, em estrita observância ao Estado Democrático de Direitos.
DEFINIÇÕES CONSTITUCIONAIS SOBRE O MUNDO DE ARGUS: PRINCÍPIOS JURÍDICOS DA ATIVIDADE DE INTELIGÊNCIA NO BRASIL
Authors: Pinto Ilberto Dias
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo tem como proposta uma análise dos princípios constitucionais, autorizativos e limitadores da atividade de inteligência no Brasil, de acordo aos ditames das normas da Agência Brasileira de Inteligência (ABIN), e do Sistema Brasileiro de Inteligência (SISBIN), através da investigação histórica deste tipo de atividade, a partir da análise e investigação dos antecedentes histórico, doutrinário e normativo-constitucional do processo de funcionamento do Sistema Brasileiro de Inteligência. Pretende-se, assim, observar a influência da Constituição Federal na elaboração de princípios próprios ao denominado “Serviço Secreto Brasileiro”, e analisar os tipos existentes de controle e suas influências para a atividade militar nacional. Adota-se, neste trabalho, uma abordagem baseada na revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema, objetivando realizar um estudo histórico normativo das atividades, partindo dos conceitos de inteligência e contrainteligência.Palavras-chave: Atividade de Inteligência, Princípios Constitucionais, Serviço Secreto, Estudo Histórico-Normativo.
"Uma questão de sobrevivência": a institucionalização da luta contra o racismo.
Authors: Da Silva Wanessa Galindo Falcão , Sena Daniel Victor Santos , Bôa Ventura Sthefanie Ramos de Moraes , Vidal Eliabe Ribeiro
Published: June 2019

A presente entrevista nasce a partir da inquietação diante das estatísticas que revelam a situação de desvantagem em que se encontra a população negra brasileira. A falha do Estado em promover políticas que não atendem a camada base da pirâmide social do Brasil pode ser entendida sob a perspectiva de um projeto que tem na desigualdade racial a pedra de toque das relações institucionais com os indivíduos da sociedade. Diante da crescente institucionalização da militância antirracista, que já obteve resultados, a exemplo da Lei de cotas, observamos uma nova maneira de lutar contra o discurso hegemônico da inexistência de tensão racial no país, nascendo, ainda, a curiosidade sobre os obstáculos dessa forma de combate a desigualdade racial. Como ponto de intersecção entre militância e institucionalidade, a entrevistada, Dra. Lívia Vaz, representante do Ministério Público da Bahia, apresenta suas considerações acerca dos obstáculos, resultados e os novos horizontes de seu trabalho enquanto promotora e militante.
DO CABIMENTO DE HONORÁRIOS ADVOCATÍCIOS EM CAUSAS NAS QUAIS SE PLEITEIA A JUSTIÇA GRATUITA: Digressão Sobre o Acesso à Justiça
Authors: Santos da Silva Fiúza Carneiro e Mello Rômulo Ruan
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo objetiva discutir a aplicabilidade da concessão de honorários advocatícios contratuais em causas nas quais houve o pedido de deferimento de Gratuidade Judiciária – primariamente num viés doutrinário e seguidamente num viés social – e explorar de que forma o cabimento de tais honorários, ao contrário do que possa parecer numa análise superficial, pode auxiliar o acesso à justiça pela população mais carente, diminuindo a sobrecarga das Defensorias Públicas.
A LUTA CONTRA AS DESIGUALDADES SOCIAIS NO BRASIL E A FORÇA SIMBÓLICA DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS EM FACE DA TIRANIA DO DINHEIRO: UM DIÁLOGO ENTRE A TEORIA DOS SISTEMAS SOCIAIS DE LUHMANN E AS ESFERAS DA JUSTIÇA DE WALZER
Authors: Misi Márcia
Published: June 2019

Pensar criticamente o cenário de desigualdades sociais que assola o Brasil envolve pensar sobre justiça e direito. A proposta deste artigo é estabelecer uma relação entre a reflexão sobre justiça em Walzer, e direito em Luhmann, para compreender o papel que o discurso sobre direitos humanos desempenha na luta contra as desigualdades sociais no Brasil.
Patient-Based Real-Time Quality Control: Review and Recommendations
Authors: Badrick Tony , Bietenbeck Andreas , Cervinski Mark A , Katayev Alex , van Rossum Huub H , Loh Tze Ping
Published: July 2019

For many years the concept of patient-based quality control (QC) has been discussed and implemented in hematology laboratories; however, the techniques have not been widely implemented in clinical chemistry. This is mainly because of the complexity of this form of QC, as it needs to be optimized for each population and often for each analyte. However, the clear advantages of this form of QC, together with the ongoing realization of the shortcomings of “conventional” QC, have driven a need to provide guidance to laboratories to assist in deploying patient-based QC. This overview describes the components of a patient-based QC system (calculation algorithm, block size, truncation limits, control limits) and the relationship of these to the analyte being controlled. We also discuss the need for patient-based QC system optimization using patient data from the individual testing laboratory to reliably detect systematic errors while ensuring that there are few false alarms. The term patient-based real-time quality control covers many activities that use data from patient samples to detect analytical errors. These activities include the monitoring of patient population parameters such as the mean or median analyte value or using single within-patient changes such as the delta check. In this report, we will restrict the discussion to population-based parameters. This overview is intended to serve as a guide for the implementation of a patient-based QC system. The report does not cover the clinical evaluation of the population.
Notários do Tribunal da Inquisição no Arquivo da Universidade de Coimbra (1536-1755): Património e rendimentos para obtenção de ordens eclesiásticas
Authors: García Leonor Dias
Published: June 2019

Este trabalho é uma primeira abordagem às raízes socioeconómicas dos notários da Inquisição (ou notários do Secreto), entre os anos de 1536 e 1755. O seu principal objetivo é conhecer os níveis globais de rendimento destes agentes no momento em que se habilitaram para o Santo Ofício.Para isso, consultaram-se as suas habilitações de genere para ordenação sacerdotal, com os respetivos instrumentos de dote e património, existentes no Arquivo da Universidade de Coimbra. Pretende-se, assim, responder às seguintes questões: com que património receberam, os futuros notários, ordens sacras? Dependeram de outrem para constituírem os seus dotes? Poder-se-iam desenvolver redes de influência ou de sociabilidade com base nesses patrimónios?O estudo desta pequena amostra permitiu concluir que quando chegavam ao Santo Ofício estes indivíduos não eram ricos, mas viviam sem constrangimentos.
Tombos de Cambra, manuscritos do século XVIII
Authors: Tavares Anita Pereira
Published: June 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo dar a conhecer ao público dois tombos de medição e demarcação de bens e propriedades do mosteiro de Santa Maria de Arouca, do século XVIII, localizados na terra de Cambra.Através das escrituras que encontramos nos tombos podemos conhecer alguns bens que o mosteiro de Arouca possuía e recolher dados toponímicos, económicos (produção agrícola, gado e seus derivados), ou ainda medidas de capacidade e moeda em uso na época.
O acesso ao arquivo colonial português na segunda metade do século XIX: o Boletim e Annaes do Conselho Ultramarino
Authors: Henrique Sónia Pereira
Published: June 2019

O Boletim e Annaes do Conselho Ultramarino (1854-1867) foi um periódico especializado e de patrocínio governamental da responsabilidade do Conselho Ultramarino. A leitura e análise da publicação pretendeu investigar a questão do acesso aos arquivos coloniais portugueses, na época. O que permitiu explorar, com algum detalhe, o seu papel enquanto facilitador do acesso alargado aos arquivos do ultramar. A cronologia deste estudo compreende maioritariamente a segunda metade do século XIX ainda que a publicação tenha recuperado notícias e estudos do tempo das conquistas.
Kinetics and Isotherms Studies of methylene blue Basic Dye from Aqueous Solution onto Selenicereus grandiflorus Activated Carbon
Authors: Swamy M. Mahadeva , Nagabhushana B.M. , Kottam Nagaraju
Published: July 2019

The present experiment explains the effectiveness of adsorption studies of methylene blue dye from aqueous solutions on activated carbon from Selenicereus grandiflorus (SG) treated with conc. sulfuric acid. The sulphuric acid-treated Selenicereus grandiflorus activated carbon (SGAC) was used as low-cost adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution. It suggests an ideal alternative method to adsorption of dye compared to other expensive treatment options. The adsorption studies have been conducted at different experimental parameters, i.e., pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial dye concentration. The batch mode experiments were conducted by different adsorbent dose (0.03-0.150 g per 50 mL), pH of the solution (2-12), effect of time (3-18 min), initial dye concentration (10 mg/L), point of zero charge and regeneration of spent adsorbent studies. Langmuir model shows better fit to the equilibrium data (R2 = 0.966) than Freundlich model. The adsorption capacity (Qm) of SGAC increases with increasing dosage where Qm is 16.17 mg g-1.
Polymer Composite Film Based on Polyethylene and Organoclay
Authors: Azeh Yakubu , Paiko Yohanna Bello , Agwuncha Stephen Chinenyeze , Abubakar Awaal Yusuf , Saliu Oluwaseyi Damilare , Umar Musa , Muhammad Umar Badeggi , Babatunde Garba
Published: July 2019

Clay is an inorganic material with hydrophilic surface which cannot interact well with hydrophobic polymer as a reinforcement filler phase. However, surface modification allows useful applications as fillers in composite fabrication with most hydrophobic polymers. To achieve this, native clay was activated by mineral acids, modified through acetylation using commercial vinegar to convert the hydrophilic clay surface to hydrophobic one, capable of interaction with polyethylene. The formulated composite films were biodegraded after one month of test experiment carried out at different locations. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of composite films evidently showed that surface compatible, dispersible and exfoliated type composites were formed. FT-IR spectroscopy revealed the presence of C=O, -COO-, -CH3 and -C-CH3 due to acetylation. Absorption studies using water, acid/base show that the composite films exhibited good resistance to these solvents. Biodegradation studies showed high microbial activities with samples buried at refuse dump sites. EDX results revealed the presence of kaolinite and montmorillonite as major minerals, whereas radioactive elements were detected in the studied clay. This study demonstrated the useful application of commercial vinegar for the modification of clay for better surface interaction with polyethylene for composite formulation.
Trimethylsilyl Chloride Catalyzed Highly Efficient Synthesis of Schiff Bases of Thiazole in Glycerol under Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Shaikh Mujahed , Sonone Ashvini , Farooqui Mazahar , Durrani Ayesha
Published: July 2019

A green and environmentally benign protocol is developed for the synthesis of Schiff bases of sulphur containing compound by irradiating thiazole and pyrazole aldehyde in glycerol under microwave irradiation at 70 ºC with trimethylsilyl chloride (TMSCl) as a catalyst. The method has advantages such as excellent yield, use of green solvent, easy work-up and most important the reaction completed within 2.5 min by using TMSCl catalyst. The TMSCl is an acidic catalyst, which enhances the yield of product, reaction time (with microwave, with reflux at 75 ºC and with stirring at room temperature) which can be easily removed from reaction mask.
Synthesis and Antibacterial Study of Novel Piperazine Linked Methylene-bis-Coumarins
Authors: Nagaraj A. , Srinivas S. , Naik P. Ramesh , Neelofer R.
Published: July 2019

A series of new 6-(2-oxo-3-[(4-arylpiperazino)carbonyl]-2H-6-chromenyl-methyl)-3-[(4-
arylpiperazino)carbonyl]-2H-2-chromenone 9(a-j) have been synthesized and tested for their antibacterial activity against human pathogenic strains. The antibacterial evaluation data revealed that the compounds containing 4-methoxyphenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 4-nitrophenyl and 4-hydroxyphenyl moieties at 4-position of the piperazine ring exhibited potent inhibitory activity towards all the tested bacterial strains. Further, the compounds containing phenyl and 4-methylphenyl moieties showed good activity towards P. aeruginosa and C. violaceum. The 4-nitrophenyl moiety also showed potent activity towards B. subtilis and B. sphaericus.