bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19, IMPACT OF THE CORONAVIRUS AND GLOBAL CHALLENGES
Authors: Gelashvili Madona
Published: May 2022

Despite of the fact that expectations are different, generally, huge economic effects will be suffered by the countries where there had been the highest indicator of spreading of COVID-19 registered, followed by the countries with the economics much depended upon tourism, export of petroleum products and other goods, and finally the negative impact will be reflected on the economics of their partner-countries. These are the key issues which will be analyzed in the present article.

The most serious damage was inflicted to the states where the pandemics had caused an extremely complicated situation due to its spreading, and rather strict regulations had been enforced as a result of the stated. We talk about the states which are significantly dependent upon the world trade, tourism, exports of goods and international funding. Despite of the fact that an extent of the shock is different among regions all states with developing economics have their own weaknesses that had been worsen much more by external shocks. In addition to the above-mentioned, interruption of school (auditory) education and poor availability of the primary health care will expectedly have a long-termed negative impact on development of the human capital.

A forecast of the World Bank and world experts is based on assumptions that the recession caused by the pandemics will be overcome, that negative global impacts will be weakened in the second half of the current year and destruction of financial markets will be stopped. On their opinion, in the year of 2021 the development of the global economics will be restored and reach 4,2% and in the leading economics it will amount to 3,9%. In the developing states the economics rise will be accelerated up to 4,6%. On top of all, it is noteworthy, that the prospect is rather ambiguous and unclear against the background of existing negative risks. Last year economics of the USA was decreased by 6.1%, economics of the European zone – by more than 9%. All this was resulted by the epidemics which had a negative effect on business activities. In Japan, the economics was decreased as well and preventive activities implemented in the state decreased economic activity by 6.1%.

From different viewpoints, the recession caused by the COVID-19 pandemics is unique and, probably, the deepest one. According to the assessment made by Director of the Economics Development Prospects Researching Department of the World Bank, current events have already caused unprecedented behavioral reviewing of the forecast of rise of the world economics that is unprecedented from the standpoint of its speed and stridency.

The current crisis leaves behind a very deep trace and global problems; thus, the top challenge is overcoming health global and more complicated economic state. Following this, the world community should integrate mutual efforts to obtain ways of restoration of their economies in a maximally rapid and sustainable way to prevent increasing the poverty and non-employment rates.
FORMATION AND REGULATION OF THE MINIMUM WAGE FEATURES IN GEORGIA
Authors: Tsartsidze Murman
Published: May 2022

In the interests of economic development and economic efficiency, in the current global crisis, priority is given to the development of human capital, increase the competitiveness of the workforce, creating fundamentally new mechanisms to stimulate labour, this, in turn, ensures an increase in labour productivity, its quality and efficiency. The successful solution of this problem requires the improvement of the organization of wages and its optimal state regulation. In the conditions of the current global crisis, role of the state in the field of wage regulation is more social in nature and its main function is to ensure a minimum level of income for the population. This last one, should be carried out by establishing a real subsistence minimum, a minimum wage and establishing an optimal ratio between them. In developed countries, the minimum wage is regulated on the basis of economic development, labour productivity, the level of average wages and the real value of the minimum consumer budget. The specific amount of the minimum wage is set at the national level by the legislature of the country, and its size in a particular area or region is determined by agreements concluded between trade unions and representatives of trade unions. In determining it, the following shall be taken into account: the needs of workers and their family members; the overall level of wages in the country; the value of life and its change; factors of economic development; level of labour productivity and opportunities to achieve and maintain a high level of employment. The purpose of establishing a minimum wage is to provide social protection for employees. Indeed, "The minimum wage has historically been a social protection mechanism which should protect low-wage workers and their families from poverty" (Khelaia, 2020,2). This problem is especially relevant for our country, because to date, there is no comprehensive mechanism for state regulation of the minimum wage and its defining Legislative Framework.

In a scientific article is presented the formation of the minimum wage and its peculiarities of regulation, analysis of the related legal framework from the Soviet period to the present day in Georgia. Is established the basic principles, goals and objectives of minimum wage formation. Particular attention is paid to the assessment of the pros and cons of the legally established minimum wage. The final section presents the main directions for calculating the minimum wage and improving its state regulation in Georgia.
HOJI MUINNING SIYOSIY PUBLITSISTIKASI
Authors: NAMAZOVA Nilufar
Published: May 2022

Maqolada jadid ma’rifatparvarlaridan biri Hoji Muinning siyosiy publitsistikasi tahlil qilindi. Fevral inqilobidan keyin chop etilgan gazetalar, ularda bolsheviklarga bo‘lgan munosabat, sho‘rolar matbuotining tashkil qilinishi jarayonlari o‘rganildi. Bu jarayonlarda jadid ma'rifatparvari Hoji Muinning siyosiy qarashlari matbuotda chop etilgan maqolalari asosida tadqiq qilindi. Uning Hurriyat gazetasidagi maqolalari, birinchi sho‘ro gazetasining muharriri sifatidagi faoliyati o‘rganildi. Garchi sho‘ro hukumatining nashri bo‘lgan gazetada bosh muharrir vazifasida ishlagan bo‘lsa-da, u o‘z maqsad-maslagidan qaytmagani maqolalari tahlili orqali ochib berildi. Hoji Muin siyosiy qarashlarini ifodalashda u bilan maslakdosh bo‘lgan, ustoz, hamfikr bo‘lgan Abdurauf Fitrat, Mahmudxo‘ja Behbudiy, Sadriddin Ayniy kabi ziyolilar faoliyatiga ham baho berildi. Ularning Samarqandda chiqqan “Hurriyat” gazetasi va “Mehnatkashlar tovushi” gazetasida chop etilgan maqolalari tahlilga tortildi. Тurkiston mustaqilligi uchun kurashgan jadid ziyolilarining sho‘ro hukumati o‘rnatilgandan so‘ng ham millat manfaati yo‘lida fidokorona xizmat qilganligi dalillar asosida ochib berildi. Sho‘ro hukumatining jadidlarga munosabati, millat zoyolilarini qatag‘on siyosati Hoji Muin taqdiri misolida ko‘rsatib berildi. Jadidlar o‘z siyosiy qarashlarini xalqqa targ‘ib qilishda matbuotdan samarali foydalanishgani qayd etildi. “Hurriyat” va “Mehnatkashlar tovushi” gazetalarida chop etilgan ayrim maqolalar ilk bor tahlilga tortildi.
Kalit so‘zlar: jadidchilik; ma’rifatparvarlik; matbuot; siyosiy; sho‘ro hukumati; publitsistika; gazeta; bosh muharrir; Turkiston.
INTERAKTIV TELELOYIHALARNING SAMARADORLIK MASALALARI
Authors: ARTIKOVA Yulduz
Published: May 2022

Mazkur maqolada jahonda keng ommalashgan interaktiv teleloyihalarning samaradorlik masalalari koʻrib chiqildi. Hozirda barcha davlat va nodavlat telekanallari oʻz maqsadli auditoriyasining hajmini bilishi, samarali koʻrsatuvlarni muntazam aniqlashga intiladi. Har bir telekanal faoliyati marketing tadqiqot natijalariga uzviy bogʻliqdir. Auditoriyaning istak va xohishlarini tadqiq etish natijasida u yoki bu telekanalning ish samaradorligini aniqlash va unga asosan boshqaruvning marketing rejasini ishlab chiqish imkoniyati vujudga keladi. Izlanishda yurtimiz davlat va xususiy telekanallar faoliyatining samaradorlik xususiyatlariga koʻra oʻtkazilgan tadqiqotlarning natijalari batafsil tahlil qilindi. Mazkur izlanishlarga koʻra interaktiv teleloyihalarning samaradorligi boshqa yoʻnalishdagi telemahsulotlarga nisbatan katta ekanligini taʼkidlash kerak. Bevosita studiyada ishtirok eta olish imkoniyati, tasvirga olish jarayonida taniqli mediashaxslar bilan muloqotga kirishish xususiyatlariga koʻra nafaqat yurtimizda, balki butun dunyoda teleseriallar qatori muloqotga asoslangan tok-shoularning ham nihoyatda ommalashishi bunga yaqqol misol boʻladi. Rivojlangan davlatlarda interaktiv telekoʻrsatuvlarning maxsus reytinglari, tomoshabinboplik boʻyicha koʻrsatkichlari muntazam oʻrganiladi, samaradorlik xususiyatlari tadqiq etiladi. Maqolada yurtimizda faoliyat koʻrsatuvchi xususiy telekanallar interaktiv shoulari davlat telekanallarida tayyorlanadigan koʻrsatuvlarga nisbatan reytingi balandligi boʻyicha izlanish natijalari bayon etilgan. Tadqiqotning dolzarbligi sifatida media biznes sharoitida interaktiv telejurnalistikaning asosiy rivojlanish tamoyillari ularning auditoriyaning oʻziga jalb qilish imkoniyatlari tahlilini koʻrsatish mumkin. Shuningdek, maqolada telekoʻrsatuvlarning samaradorlik belgisi sifatida xorijda olib borilayotgan tanlovlarga toʻxtalib oʻtilgan. Izlanishda interaktiv telejurnalistika samaradorligi ilmiy-nazariy qarashlar va amaliy misollar yordamida ochib berilgan, olib borilgan tadqiqot natijalariga koʻra ilmiy xulosalar qilindi.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Teams Games Tournament dalam Meningkatkan Cara Berfikir Siswi
Authors: Rozi Fathor , Anissuhada' Anissuhada'
Published: May 2022

Teacher-Centered Learning that uses conventional methods often makes students bored and bored. This can be one of the causes of the inhibition of students' thinking abilities. The purpose of this study was to examine the application of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model so that the student's way of thinking became more honed and no longer bored during learning. This research uses the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method in its implementation. The research subjects were class VIII B Regular MTs N 1 Probolinggo, 24 students. Data collection techniques based on pre-test and post-test. The research model design is carried out through the following stages: planning action, implementing the action, observing/evaluating, and reflecting. The results show that the students have achieved the expected learning mastery, 75%. That is, the thinking level of students is getting higher so that the learning objectives that have been designed can be adequately achieved. This is evidenced by the average score of 80.25 students and 17 students who have completed their studies or 70.83%.
Application of 5S Management in Improving the Quality of Furniture Production in Meubel Karya Agung of Ponorogo Regency
Authors: Oktafiani Ilmiah Sholikhah , Subiyantoro Subiyantoro
Published: May 2022

5S (Sort, Set in order, Shine, Standardize, dan Self Discipline) is a work culture that must be applied in all workplaces both in the formal and informal sectors. The implementation of 5S aims to make workers feel comfortable and safe while working. In addition, the application of 5S can make work more effective and efficient because it can eliminate wasted time due to more time to search for goods, work areas that look full due to excess equipment and un needed goods or dirty environments.  Furniture Works In Semanding District, Kauman, Ponorogo is one of the informal sectors that have not implemented 5R. This is seen from the condition of the work area full of unnecessary equipment and goods, messy, and dirty. Therefore, researchers conducted research analysis of the application of 5S in Furniture Works. Purpose: The purpose of the research to know the application of the principle of 5S in Furniture Works. Method: This research uses qualitative design. The research was conducted with direct observation and using the 5S checklist. Research Results: The results showed that the application of 5S in Furniture Works is still not good. This is evident from the achievement of the 5S as a whole which is below 50%. Conclusion: The results of the study concluded that the implementation of 5S in Furniture Works is still lacking so it is necessary to conduct training on 5S and internal audits periodically.
Analisis Konten Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) dalam Buku Teks Tematik Siswa Kelas V Tema 1
Authors: Andrawana Tasya , Halidjah Siti , Suparjan Suparjan
Published: May 2022

This study aims to identify the content of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in the thematic textbook for class V theme 1 especially sub-theme 1 and sub-theme 2. This study applied a qualitative descriptive approach with content analysis method. The data analysis technique used was Miles and Huberman model which included four stages, namely data collection, data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusion. The results reveal that the details of HOTS content in the thematic textbook for class V theme 1 particularly sub-theme 1 and sub-theme 2 consist of a combination of knowledge dimension and cognitive process dimension, particularly the knowledge dimension of cognitive process of level 4 (analyzing/C4) which comprises conceptual and metacognitive knowledge dimension. The details of HOTS content of knowledge dimension of level 5 (evaluating/C5) consist of conceptual and procedural knowledge dimension and metacognitive knowledge dimension, meanwhile the knowledge dimension of level 6 (creating/C6) encompasses procedural and metacognitive knowledge dimension. The number of HOTS content comprises the cognitive process dimension of level 4 (analyzing/C4) 27,78%, level 5 (evaluating/C5) 38,89%, and level 6 (creating/C6) 33,33%.
Implementasi Nilai-Nilai Moral melalui Pembelajaran Kitabul Akhlaq Lil Banin di Pondok Pesantren Mamba'ul Ulum Jurit Lombok Timur
Authors: Fauziah Ida , Herianto Edy , Fauzan Ahmad
Published: May 2022

Kitabul Akhlaq Lil Banin learning is a process of implementing moral values to the student studying at Mamba’ul Ulum Jurit Islamic boarding school, east Lombok. This study aims to determine the implementation of moral values through Kitabul Akhlaq Lil Banin learning, including the content and learning strategies used to change the behavior of students and the advantages and disadvantages of Kitabul Akhlaq Lil Banin learning. The approach used is qualitative type of case study. Data collection using documentations, interviews and observations. Based on the result of study, it shows that Kitabul Akhlaq Lil Banin contains moral values related to the values of tolerance, discipline and responsibility. Which in learning use the Bandongan method or wetonan. The implementation of Kitabul Akhlaq Lil Banin learning has an impact on the behavior of students. The implementation of this learning also contains advantages and disadvantages in term of three factors namely teacher,students and infrastructure.
Hey Max, can you help me? An Intuitive Virtual Assistant for Industrial Robots
Authors: Li Chen , Chrysostomou Dimitrios , Pinto Daniela , Hansen Andreas Kornmaaler , Bøgh Simon , Madsen Ole
Published: May 2022

Assisting employees in acquiring the knowledge and skills necessary to grasp and use new services and technologies on the shop floor is critical for manufacturers to adapt to Industry 4.0 successfully. In this paper, we employ a Learning, Training, Assistance (LTA) approach and propose a framework for a Language-enabled Virtual Assistant (VA) to facilitate this adaptation. In our system, the human-robot interaction is achieved through spoken natural language and a dashboard implemented as a web-based application. This type of interaction enables operators of all levels to control a collaborative robot intuitively in several industrial scenarios and use it as a complementary tool for developing their competencies. Our proposed framework has been extensively tested with 29 users who completed various tasks while interacting with the proposed VA and industrial robots. Through three different scenarios, we evaluated the usability of the system for LTA based on an established System Usability Scale and the cognitive effort required by the users based on the standardised NASA-TLX questionnaire. The qualitative and quantitative results of the study show that users of all levels found the VA user friendly with low requirements for physical and mental effort during the interaction. Additionally, the study demonstrates that the VA enables operators to streamline the learning and training phases of new tasks and improve their user experience during the assistance phase for daily tasks. The source code of the proposed VA and the supplementary material of the user study are accessible at https://bit.ly/VA_MAX to support the reproducibility of the proposed framework.
Book publishing activity of modern Ukraine: state, tendencies and prospects of development
Authors: Buryak Svitlana
Published: May 2022

The analytical review considers and analyzes the current state of publishing books and brochures in Ukraine in 2020, gives a detailed description of the general characteristics of book publishing in 2019—2020. Quantitative and qualitative indicators have been determined, the state of Ukrainian book publishing in 2020 has been analyzed according to the range of publishing products, its linguistic and territorial features. Statistical data on the issue of books and brochures by leading domestic publishers of various forms of ownership, including the sphere of management of the State Committee for Television and Radio Broadcasting, are presented. The analytical review was conducted on the basis of statistical data published in the statistical collection "Print of Ukraine (2019)" and consolidated statistical reports on the issue of non-periodicals in Ukraine in 2019.
Jurisprudential Rulings on the Transformation of Gelatin
Authors: Junaid Akbar  , Khan Tasnifullah
Published: May 2022

Gelatin is derived from Collagen which is a natural protein in the animal’s skin and tissues like cows and pigs. So in this connection there is a doubt in its status that whether it is lawful (Halãl) or unlawful (Harãm). There are two different views about Gelatin. According to the 3rd Fiqhi Conference held in Makka al Mukarma that such Gelatin which has been derived from the Pig tissues and skin is not permissible. On the other side Islamic Fiqha Academy, India has decided that all kind of Gelatin is permissible because of Istihala i.e. its change from one thing into another thing in the light of the views of Imam Muhammad bin Hassan Alshibani in Raddul Muhtar Aala Durrul Mukhtar.
Law of Necessity: Introduction and Comparative Study of Islamic and Western Thoughts
Authors: Mujeeb ur Rehman
Published: May 2022

Mankind among the other creatures is a superior creation of Allah. Though he has been gifted and empowered with strength and logic, yet at times he becomes vulnerable or unfortified during his life span. To handle and manage such weak events and moments of life, Allah has laid down a law of necessity upon him. Since Islam is the religion of ease, comfort and compassion in all matters, therefore on the one hand it provides the regular course of system for the usual and routine matters, while on the other hand it promulgates the law of necessity for unusual and extra ordinary matters. The Western legal system also recognizes such concept of law, but as compared to Islamic concept of law of necessity it does not cover all the aspects of human vulnerability. This paper puts forth a discourse that how this exceptional segment of law can be applied and what is the difference between the Islamic concept of law of necessity and that of which the western legal system has.
The Expression of Religious Positivity in Karen Armstrong’s Sīrah Work
Authors: Fiaz Fozia , Munir Mohsina
Published: May 2022

Orientalists contributed much regarding their study of the Holy Qur’ān, Hadith and Sīrah since eighteenth century. Few of them attracted Muslim scholars due to the quality of their work about Islam, like the translation of the Holy Qur’ān, the indexes of Hadith literature and the translations of Arabic Sīrah books in English. These orientalists have left a positive impression regarding their contributions in introducing Islamic literature in West in their native languages. This research paper aims to present the expression of religious positivity in modern orientalist Karen Armstrong’s Sīrah work. This selection is based on the status of this Sīrah writer in present time. Her books are best sellers written on comparative religion and a huge number of people study her books and appreciate her for expressing the positive image of Islam in West. In this study, it will be found out that in which style and angle she has presented her works regarding religious positivity especially the presentation of the personality of the Holy Prophet (peace be on him) to the non-Muslims and non-religious societies.
Consideration of Individual Differentiations of People Obligated by Law and Its Effect in Variation of Ijtihād Tanzili
Authors: Kattoua Mohamad Turky
Published: May 2022

The downloading of the legal rulings on the facts and their transfer from abstraction to application needs a deep philosophical look from Mujtahid and Mufti. Among the things that must be taken into account consider individual differences between taxpayers because these differences may require a change in the Shari'a ruling by the change of the person who owns the incident according to its characteristics and conditions, from the clues that it embraces and requires this change. This indicates that individual differences between taxpayers should be taken into account during tinnitus litigation which is seen as a pilgrimage to the origins of the Sharia and its general rules and its effects were manifested and manifested in the methods and methods of fundamentalists and jurists.
Limitations of the Freedom of Speech: Issue of the Infallibility of Prophets and United Nations
Authors: Farooq Abdullah  , Muhammad Abdullah
Published: May 2022

West generally blames the Muslim world on the grounds that it does not accede to freedom of expression. But in fact, Islam gave the right of freedom of expression for the first time in history. In Rome before Islam was introduced, the rulers used to enslave the masses. Greek ministers, Roman Catholic pastorates, Spanish Inquisitions and the ministerial experts used to rebuff the individuals who used to articulate unapproved religious perspectives. The British Parliament passed a Bill of Rights in 1689. This bill proclaimed the right to speak freely. It returned amid the French Revolution of 1789 which declared speaking freely as a natural right of each person. As indicated by Holy Quran there might be no impulse in acknowledgment of the religion which is also proved from Sunnah and through the actions of the companions of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Blasphemy law is a law related to blasphemy, or irreverence toward holy prophets, or beliefs or religious traditions. In the provisions of Article 18 and 19 of the U.N. Charter, no limitations were made for expression which has left the room open for the defamation on name of freedom of speech. According to Islam, maintaining the honor and respect of all people is essential for regional, national and universal peace. Any articulation which abuses peace, honor and pride of any individual, race, religious gathering or any minority assembly as a rule and so forth cannot be incorporated into the meaning of flexibility of articulation or freedom of speech.
أثر المنهج التربوي النبوي في جيل الصحابة: دراسة تأصيلية تحليلية في ظلال معجزة الرسول التربوية
Authors: کنعان عماد , باکیزۃ شھزادی
Published: May 2022

هدفت الدراسة إلى تأصيل بعض آثار المَنهَجِ التربويِّ النبويِّ وتحليلها في نفوس الصحابة، وذلك في ضوء النصوص الواردة في السنة المطهرة. واستخدم الباحث المنهج التوثيقي التأصيلي والمنهج الوصفي التحليلي عبر أداتي الاستقراء والاستنتاج للتعرف إلى منهج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في تمكين دعائم الإيمان الراسخ في العلاقات فيما بينه وبين المسلمين من جهة، وبين المسلمين مع بعضهم البعض من جهة ثانية؛ ثم شَرَعَ البحث بمعالجة عدة متغيرات متعلقة بأهم الخصال الحميدة التي أسفرت التربية النبوية عن إحداثها في شخصية جيل الصحابة الميمون. وخلصت الدراسة إلى أن المَنهَجَ التربويَّ النبويَّ أحدث ثورة شاملة وعميقة في نفوس الصحابة الكرام معتمداً على طرقٍ وأساليب متنوعة في التربية والتعليم تنافس أحدث فتوحات العصر النفسية والتربوية؛ وأوصت الدراسة بالإفادة من منهج التأصيل والتحليل الذي اعتمدته والعمل على تطويره بغية إنجاز دراسات توثق ثراء الفكر التربوي النبوي وسبقه في إرساء مبادئ البناء الإنساني الإيجابية، وذلك من خلال إظهار تعدد أساليب التربية النبوية وتنوع غاياتها.
التدليسُ" أقسامُه وفروعُها: دراسةٌ تأصيليةٌ تطبيقيةٌ
Authors: Ghouri Syed Abdul Majid
Published: May 2022

‘Ulūm al Ḥadīth (i.e., sciences of Ḥadīth) are considered one of the noblest Islamic sciences because they give the learner aware about the principles necessary for accepting or rejecting Ḥadīth based on the status of sanad (line of narrators) and matn (narrated text). Through these sciences, Ṣaḥīḥ and Ḍa’īf of Sunnah can be known. One of the important topics of these sciences (through which a judgment can be made whether sanad is muttasil (i.e., thoroughly connected) or mursal, and then knowing that Ḥadīth is Ṣaḥīh or Ḍa’īf is called Tadlīs which refers, as per the nomenclature of Ḥadīth scholars, on narrator’s hiding a defect in sanad and improve its apparent view. Hence, this type is considered one of the most delicate and important types of Ḥadīth sciences because it contains cover-up, ambiguousness, illusion and disguise. Whoever wrote, in the past or present, about scholars of Ḥadīth had discussed about tadlīs and its types. However, discussion in their books was concise and very short so the readers do not get a comprehensive and clear picture of the same. Further, their discussion did not introduce all types and branches of tadlīs with illustrative examples. This research presents a brief study on tadlīs highlighting its main aspects, introducing its main types and branches with illustrative examples to each of them and giving the judgement for each of them. The researcher applied inductive and analytical research approaches in the study. Inductive approach was aimed to collect information about tadlīs and its types from the classical and modern resources of Ḥadīth sciences. Analytical approach was applied in analyzing views of some scholars in this type, sections and branches.
المنهج النبوي في بناء القاعدة الاقتصادية للدولة في المدينة المنورة: دراسة تاريخية حديثية
Authors: Bukhari Abdul Ghaffar , Gondal Abdul Qadir Abdul Karim
Published: May 2022

The Holy Prophet realized the importance of the economy in strengthening the power and stability of the Islamic State and established an independent market, compatible in its controls and transactions with the foundations and principles of Islamic law. He had distinct curriculum in treating these problems as he Made the economy a servant for the community after the community was serviced for the economy. This research aims to indicate the approach of the Prophet ﷺ in establishing and activating the state's economic base in Medina and highlighting the great achievements in this area in the Prophet's covenant, to the case of excellence and progress and in all aspects. The Prophet was able to put the cornerstone of a major economic revolution, and the greatness of the plan followed by the Prophet ﷺ was to address the economic problem. The first work by the Prophet ﷺ, after the construction of the mosque, was establishment of a market for Muslims, dealing on a free basis which had a significant impact on the economic monopoly of the Jews. The Prophet ﷺ put rules and general economic controls in trade markets, causing the nature of economics in the Prophetic era a moral stamp.
فلسفة الدعاء عند الصوفية ومعالجتُها لأسئلة الحائرين
Authors: الطعان أحمد إدریس
Published: May 2022

تناول هذا البحث مسئلة الدعاء عند الصوفية من حيث حقيقة الدعاء وأهميته وفهم الصوفية له وعلاقة الدعاء بالإيمان بشكل عام. من خلال فلسفتهم الخاصة في فهم الدعاء أنه يمكن للشخص أن يجد إجابات مريحة للشكوك التي يثيرها المشككون في الدعاء من حيث إجابته، وكيف يتعامل المعين مع الدعاء في مواقفه المختلفة؟ وما هو موقفه - كعبد لله تعالى - من رؤية الدعاء مستجابًا عاجلاً، أو عدم رؤيته لذلك؟ تنطلق الصوفية في فلسفتهم من خلال قضية أساسية، هي أساس كل القضايا الأخرى، أي حقيقة الإنسان، وهويته، وجوهر هذه الهوية، وواقع هذه الحياة الدنيوية، وهدفها، ومكانة الإنسان فيها. إذا كان الشخص يفهم هذا بشكل صحيح، فعندئذ يكون من السهل فهم جميع القضايا الأخرى للعقل، والقلب الذي يحتاج دائمًا إلى المراقبة والمعالجة حتى لا يغيب عن الهدف الأكبر، يبقى على الطريق الصحيح. لذلك يرى الصوفيون أن التعامل مع أي شبهات تتعلق بالإيمان والدعاء يتم التعامل معها بطريقتين: الأولى فهم الله تعالى الذي يقنع العقل ويريحه، والثاني: العمل الذي يصقل القلب والروح بالعلم ویحفظه من الهاء والإهمال.
’کلالہ‘ کی تعریف اور احکام: عصرِ حاضر کی بعض جدید آراء کا تحقیقی مطالعہ
Authors: Ali Hamid , Bashir Aijaz
Published: May 2022

The importance of Islamic Law of inheritance, also known as “’Ilm al Farā‘id”, can be measured by the aḥādīth in which the Prophet, (PBUH) commanded to learn it along with the Holy Qur’ān, as he described it “half of the knowledge”. One of the types of heirs mentioned in the Holy Qur’an is “Kalālah”, and this word has been mentioned twice in the Holy Qur’ān. What is the meaning of kalālah, who are they and what are the rules of their inheritance, etc., such questions have become the subject of debate in modern times, and various opinions have appeared in this regard. Among these views is the opinion of Javed Ahmed Al-Ghamdi, who presented his opinion by decorating it with some specific comments from Tafāsir that he calls “the primary sources of Tafsīr.” This article analyzes the opinion of Javed Ahmed Al-Ghamdi and its impact on the assets of inheritance. The result of this discussion was that the meaning of “kalālah” is nothing but stepsister and stepbrother, and also the opinion of Al-Ghamdi was stated as an abandoned word in primary sources of Tafsīr. By accepting this view, the distribution of shares would not be possible according to the Qur’ānic command.
حق ایجاد :شریعہ وقانون کے تناظر میں تقابلی مطالعہ
Authors: Ali Hafiz Nasir
Published: May 2022

The world has taken the shape of globalization due to the rapid development in modern times. Thanks to the proliferation of inventions, modern methods of trade have become the norm, which has given rise to an endless series of modern jurisprudential issues concerning trade and affairs. Many types of personal rights have become prevalent in modern times that have no real sensory existence, but their transactions through buying and selling in the market are common, such as turbans of houses and shops, specific trademarks, use of commercial licenses, rights Authorship and publication, sale of atmosphere, etc. One of these rights is "patent right". What is the Islamic and legal concept about this? Is it permissible to buy or sell it? This article attempts to draw a comparison between the Islamic perspective on patent rights and its legal issues. The study concludes that buying and selling patent rights is permissible according to the laws and fatwās of most of the jurists. Moreover, according to Islamic teachings, it is forbidden to invent and use devices that cause problems and suffering to human life.
فقہی قواعد کی روشنی میں ماحولیاتی مسائل کا تحقیقی جائزہ
Authors: Rahim Abdur , Khan Janas , Ahmad Rashid
Published: May 2022

The regularity jurisprudence refers to maxims meant to integrate and resolve miscellaneous social problems according to Sharī‘ah. Later, in the light of the same, newly emerged issues are also settled. These maxims, once laid down, serve as Reference Guide, employed by Muftīs and Jurists in their edicts and verdicts, of which none are independent. Today both human and animal life is under threat from the dangerous effects of environmental pollution.  Since it's a serious problem, therefore, much has been written on the ecosystem and its preservation. It's mentioned here as to how these environmental problems can be resolved in the light of the Holy Qur’ān and Sunnah. As Dr. Yūsuf al Qaraḍāwī, has provided guidance in his book “Ri’āyah al Bī’ah fī Sharī’ah al Islām” towards solving environmental problems through the regulations of Islamic jurisprudence, but he has just quoted a few jurisprudential regulations without implementations on environmental problems. This research, analytically and narratively, is an effort to find an answer to the question: What is the role of the regulations of Islamic jurisprudence in the newly emerging issues of the day, especially environmental issues? This research shows the solution to the environmental crisis through the regulations of Islamic jurisprudence.
Ilahiyat in the thoughts of Sheikh Salih Chinese (Liu Zhi)
Authors: Wan Xin Zhang , Al Azhari Abdul Wahab Jan
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study is to explore through the thoughts of Sheikh Salih Chinese (Liu Zhi) (刘智) about Ilahiyat as one of the major branches of 'Ilm al Kalam which mainly includes the ontological order from the prospect of unitary essence articulating its three levels: essence, attributes, and acts. This article elaborates the idea of absolute existence and the unitary essence considering inferences made by Sheikh Saleh Chinese (Liu Zhi) in detail. It also comprehends the relationship between them besides concentrating on explaining the kalami argument about the initial phase of creation compounds due to the acts of God, that manifests the attributes as exemplified through Essence. Moreover, this issue has been vitally analyzed in the views of other scholars. Sheikh Salih Chinese (Liu Zhi) has pioneered in the promulgation of the issues pertaining to the divines of God in cope with traditional structure of Chinese society. Therefore, this study will also reflect his methodology in treating with various creed issues as per socio-religious environment of his own society to see the argumentative application in presentation of theology according to the religious background of other societies. It is established in drawing literature review of this study that various authors have covered mostly the autobiography of Sheikh Salih Chinese and not his scholarly work. To explore his analogies the two fold methodologies have been applied; descriptive and analytical, aiming at narrating his deep comprehension of kalami issues and to analyze his work with classical body of scholarship of others. To address these points this study is divided in two main chapters; starting from the idea of the absoluteness of God’s existence: His attributes and Actions in the thoughts of Sheikh Salih Chinese.
Critical Analysis of Selected Issues of Sufism in the Light of Tafsīr Rūḥ al Ma’ānī
Authors: Zaman Wali , Uddin Muhammad Fakhar , Khan Irfan Ullah
Published: May 2022

Mahmood bin ‘Abdullah Al Ālūsī, author of Tafsīr Rūḥ al Ma’ānī, is a well-known scholar of Islamic world. In this book, besides describing the basics of Islamic education, he also discussed the ideas of Ṣūfiyā’ and criticized them in the light of Sharī’ah. After describing the ideas of Ṣūfiyā’ along with the logic behind, he critically analyzes their views and presents his own point of view about the issue as a concluding note. This paper the Prophethood in Animals, affirmation of the rationality, consciousness and soul in inanimate objects, disagreement in the feeling of being in pain and owe feelings in inanimate objects, the legitimacy of dance and songs are presented. The paper concludes that Al Ālūsī completely rejects the Ṣūfī opinion in all the issues except about the prophethood in animals as he does not oppose their opinion, nor he imposes fatwa of disbelief on them.
An Analytical & Applied Study of Islamic Jurists Rule “Naqḍ al Istidlāl bi Ithbāt ‘annahu U'wwalu i’la al Maḥāl”
Authors: Faraj Saeed bin Ahmad Salih
Published: May 2022

This research aims to prove the Islamic Jurists rule “Naqḍ al Istidlāl bi Ithbāt ‘annahu U'wwalu i’la al Maḥāl”. The main research problem lies in the “Maḥāl”, its limits, types, and ways of proving it. The researcher adopted the comparative-analytical inductive approach. After collection of the research material from the basic sources, explanation of Maḥāl, and analysis of the material was done by classifying it into rational and legal, and then the theoretical side on both applications was dropped to know the claim of the maḥāl for invoking analogy, and its fixations in Sharī’ah. The research concludes that this rule is used by scholars, and no one violated it. The legal impossible has ways by which it is known, i.e; every rational impossible is a legal impossibility, everything that contradicts the absolutes of the law is from the legal impossibility, and anything that contradicts a legal ruling that has been proven to be perpetuated is legally impossible. Moreover, all claims of impossibility of invoking analogy in Islamic law are neither proven nor valid, as well as all claims of impossibility of substitution in Sharī’ah.
Analisis Risiko Anemia Pada Ibu Hamil
Authors: Dewi Gusti Kumala , Istianah Isti , Septiani Septiani
Published: May 2022

Data Riskesdas tahun 2018 menunjukkan 48,9% kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil meningkat menjadi 11,8%, dari data Riskesdas sebelumnya tahun 2013 yaitu 37,1%. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan risiko anemia pada ibu hamil trimester II dan III di Wilayah Kerja Puskemas Gang Kelor Kota Bogor. Jenis penelitian non eksperimental dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Jumlah subjek penelitian sebanyak 100 subjek. Pengumpulan data penelitian melalui proses wawancara food recall 24 jam, dan dianalisis mengunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan asupan protein, zat besi, vitamin C, kebiasaan minum teh, LILA sama-sama memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan p-value=0,000. Variabel lain yang berhubungan adalah kepatuhan konsumsi tablet Fe p-value=0,001. Sedangkan usia pada ibu hamil, paritas, jarak kelahiran, dan ANC tidak berhubungan dengan risiko anemia pada ibu hamil (p-value>0,05). Pengetahuan berhubungan dengan p-value=0,0006, dan variable sikap juga berhubungan dengan risiko anemia pada ibu hamil p-value=0,026. Oleh karena itu sebaiknya selama kehamilan ibu mengkonsumsi makanan yang mengandung protein, zat besi, dan vitamin C sehingga asupan ketiganya terpenuhi. Selain itu selama kehamilan ibu mengkonsumsi tablet Fe, dan melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilan ke Puskesmas atau Posyandu. Puskesmas diharapkan memberikan edukasi kepada ibu hamil, sebagai upaya meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu hamil tentang anemia.
Edukasi Kesehatan dan Bakti Sosial di masa pandemi COVID-19 dan Pasca Badai Seroja di Desa Lelogama-Amfoang Selatan Kabupaten Kupang
Authors: Lette Arman Rifat , Seo James Adam , Lemaking Vinsensius Belawa , Hurek Rosina Kardina Kidi , Jumetan Mili Arthanedi , Barimbing Maryati Agustina
Published: May 2022

Abstrak: Infeksi Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) atau COVID-19 masih terus terjadi hingga saat ini. Coronavirus menyebabkan angka kematian/ mortalitas yang tinggi. Disaat badai pandemi belum berlalu masyarakat di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) ditimpa bencana badai siklon tropis Seroja yang terjadi pada awal April 2021. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat adalah untuk mengedukasi masyarakat tentang Kesehatan khususnya COVID-19 serta membantu meringankan penderitaan masyarakat akibat pandemi COVID-19 dan badai seroja yang terjadi di NTT. Metode pengabdian yang dilakukan adalah bakti sosial dengan kegiatannya berupa penyuluhan Kesehatan tentang Kesehatan reproduksi dan vaksinasi COVID-19, pembagian bahan makanan, pembagian bahan bangunan bagi keluarga yang terdampak badai seroja, pembagian pakaian layak pakai serta pemeriksaan dan pengobatan gratis.  Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan  selama 3 hari, pada hari Jumat-Minggu, 23-25 April 2021 yang berpusat di gedung Gereja Pniel Lelogama-Amfoang Selatan. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini juga melibatkan sebanyak 35 mahasiswa Universitas Citra Bangsa (UCB). Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini berjalan dengan baik dan banyak pihak yang mendukung, baik itu dari pihak kampus maupun pihak ketiga. Ketua Majelis dan Masyarakat menerima dengan senang hati, antusias mengikuti kegiatan dan berterima kasih atas rangkaian kegiatan yang telah dilakukan.Abstract: Coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2) or COVID-19 is still happening today. Coronavirus causes a high mortality/mortality rate. When the pandemic storm has not passed, the community in NTT Province must experience the tropical cyclone Seroja which occurred in early April 2021. The purpose of community service is to educate the public about Health, especially COVID-19 and help ease the suffering on the community due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the Seroja storm that occurred in NTT. The method of service carried out is social service with activities in the form of health counseling on reproductive health and COVID-19 vaccination, distribution of food ingredients, distribution of building materials for families affected by the seroja storm, distribution of suitable clothing and free examination and treatment. This service activity is carried out on Friday-Sunday, 23-25 April 2021 and is centered in the Peniel Lelogama-Amfoang Selatan Church building. This community service activity also involved 35 UCB students. This community service activity can run well. Many parties support this service activity, both from the campus and third parties. The Chairperson of the Assembly and the Community welcomes, enthusiastic in activities, and is grateful for the series of activities that have been carried out.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Technology Transfer in the Process of Wood Crafts for Workers with Disabilities
Authors: Sugiono Sugiono , Rahayudi Bayu , Raharjo Rudianto , Sulistyarini Dwi H , Thohari Slamet , Dinia Nur M. F. , Fadhlurrahman Qoid A , Istafada Safa S
Published: May 2022

Technological changes are important to increase productivity, quality of products produced, and provide safety and health for workers. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the application of wood craft machinery technology by persons with disabilities. The first step is an initial survey of the existing wood craft production process, which related to the equipment used, work methods, and work results (productivity quality) as well as the level of accidents/health problems at work. Small enterprises for disabled workers were used as research objects to check the impact of technological changes on the production process. Changes in technology used in the form of cutting machine, carving chisel, small CNC machine, smoothing machine, and paint machine (finishing process). The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) was adopted to approach the assessment of the impact of the technology implementation of the wood carving process. Data was collected through several activities such as interviews and direct observation. The success measurement parameters were divided into several main points, including performance, effort, user behavior, experience, facility design, environmental impact, and the level of worker safety/health. In short, it can be said that technology can improve the quality and productivity of work for disabled workers while still paying attention to the ergonomic value of the human-machine relationship at the right workstation.
Peningkatan Literasi Pasar Modal pada Mahasiswa (1st Step to Entry Galeri Investasi Bursa Efek Indonesia)
Authors: Agustina Rachma
Published: May 2022

Abstrak: Kondisi yang terjadi pada pasar modal Indonesia saat berhadapan dengan masa krisis karena pandemi dari permulaan 2020 hingga 2021 akhir telah menunjukkan kecenderungan meningkatnya investor dengan signifikan. Penyebab utama dari terjadinya hal tersebut adalah banyaknya kebijakan yang telah dibuat oleh Otoritas Jasa Keuangan guna mendorong peningkatan dan bertahannya emiten di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Dukungan dari pemerintah untuk pemulihan ekonomi nasional juga tidak tanggung-tanggung dengan mengeluarkan kebijakan-kebijakan ekonomi yang sejalan dengan kebijakan OJK. Peningkatan jumlah investasi pada pertengahan sampai akhir 2021 menunjukkan bahwa pasar modal menjadi alternatif untuk memperoleh pendapatan selain juga untuk berinvestasi jangka panjang. Sejalan dengan program pemerintah untuk mendorong pemulihan ekonomi nasional, Galeri Investasi Bursa Efek Indonesia melaksanakan acara-acara guna memberikan pengenalan dan peningkatan literasi mahasiswa pada pasar modal. Acara dilaksanakan dengan peserta dari kalangan mahasiswa khususnya mahasiswa pada semester awal di Fakultas Ekonomi, bertujuan untuk membangun kelompok yang berfocus pada pasar modal, sekaligus sebagai wahana pembelajaran di bidang investasi. Setelah dilaksanakan kegiatan, antusiasme mahasiswa terhadap keberadaan Galeri Investasi meningkat, tampak dari penambahan keikutsertaan mahasiswa dalam Kelompok Studi Pasar Modal, juga pergerakan positif pembukaan akun RDN baru di GI BEI.Abstract: The conditions in Indonesian capital market when dealing with a crisis period due to the pandemic from the beginning of 2020 to the end of 2021 have shown a significant trend of increasing investors. The main cause of this happening is the many policies that have been made by the Financial Services Authority to encourage the increase and persistence of issuers on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Support from the government for the recovery of the national economy is also not half-hearted by issuing economic policies that are in line with OJK policies. The increase in the number of investments in mid to late 2021 shows that the capital market is an alternative for earning income as well as for long-term investment. In line with the government's program to encourage the recovery of the national economy, the Indonesia Stock Exchange Investment Gallery holds events to introduce and increase student literacy in the capital market. The event was held with participants from among students, especially students in the first semester at the Faculty of Economics, aiming to build a group that focuses on the capital market, as well as a vehicle for learning in the investment sector. After the activity was carried out, students' enthusiasm for the existence of the Investment Gallery increased, as seen from the participation of students in the Capital Market Study Group, as well as the positive movement of opening a stock account at the IDX GI.