bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APROXIMACIÓN CRITICA AL CONFLICTO ARMADO EN COLOMBIA: Normatividad Interna- el reto del post conflicto
Authors: Rodelo García Margarita
Published: August 2020

Colombia en las últimas décadas ha sido un país marcado por la guerra y los constantes conflictos, después de la firma de la paz Colombia enfrenta diversos retos y la academia no puede estar lejos de realidad.  Esta investigación pretende realizar un análisis sobre el conflicto armado en Colombia, pasando por el origen, causas, los conceptos básicos sobre el conflicto, la normatividad interna los mecanismos y garantías de las normas y finalmente los dar luces sobre los retos de post-conflicto. Esta investigación se realizó con una metodología analítica sistemática, permitiendo analizar el conflicto armado en Colombia desde su origen hasta dar una mirada al post conflicto y sus retos, permitiendo dar unas conclusiones generales. La técnica ultimada es la interpretación y análisis de documentos escritos, la utilización de nuevas tecnologías, bibliotecas, red de internet y bases de datos.
LA POLÍTICA DELIBERATIVA DENTRO DEL TRIBUNAL CONSTITUCIONAL COLOMBIANO: ANÁLISIS FILOSÓFICO Y CASUÍSTICO
Authors: Escandón Delgado Santiago Javier
Published: August 2020

La transición al orden constitucional planteado desde la Carta Política de 1991, da cuentas de un régimen de apertura democrática que dota de mecanismos a la ciudadanía para dialogar con las instituciones del poder y generar espacios de debate y control político. Ello, evidencia la materialización de los elementos de una democracia deliberativa dentro de los contextos jurídico-políticos que se presentan, fundamentalmente, cuando el texto formal contempla un Tribunal Constitucional que posibilita la participación de los círculos sociales, llevando los principios democráticos al campo real de la deliberación colectiva. De ahí que, el estudio expone: En primera medida, el marco teórico-filosófico que caracteriza a la democracia deliberativa y su aplicación dentro del campo jurídico colombiano, expresamente, lo relativo al análisis funcional del Tribunal Constitucional Colombiano, evidenciado desde las intervenciones ciudadanas.
Epidemiological study of cervical spine injury in a tertiary care center in South India
Authors: Asher Prasanth , Joseph Jijo Joseph , Pendro Varun Singh , Peethambaran Anilkumar , Prabhakar Rajmohan Bhanu
Published: August 2020

Background: Cervical spine injuries, according to severity can leave victims with long standing neck pain or varying degrees of weaknesses. The purpose of this study is to determine the epidemiological pattern of cervical spine injury in our hospital so that comparison may be made with other institutions and guidance regarding management may be formulated for the betterment of patients.Methods: This cross-sectional longitudinal study was conducted in Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram and included all patients admitted with clinical or radiological evidence of cervical spine injury, over a period of three months.  Semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect socio demographic data and details regarding mechanism of injury. Data was analyzed using SPSS.Results: Out of 452 patients enrolled, 69.7% were males and 30.3% were females. Patients were the most commonly between 30-60 years of age (52.4%). Majority (56.1%) had hospital stays lasting less than 10 days. Most common mechanism of injury was road traffic accidents (46.6%). Neck pain was the most common symptom and cervical spine straightening was the most common radiological abnormality. The severity of injuries was more severe in patients who were not restrained by seat belt or using a helmet.Conclusion: Road traffic accidents are the most common cause for cervical spine injuries and majority of patients required only symptomatic care.
Outcomes of subfascial endoscopic perforator ligation surgery versus open subfascial ligation surgery of incompetent perforator veins in the treatment of varicose veins
Authors: Teja Bathala Udayee , Akhila Bommareddy , V. Mahesh , Reddy Ramesh , Bathala Bhanoo Tej , Bathala Rav Tej
Published: August 2020

Background: Varicose veins are common and are present in at least 10% of the general population. There are several techniques available in surgeon’s armamentarium for varicose veins treatment such as, ultrasound guided foam sclerotherapy, endovenous laser ablation, radiofrequency ablation, open perforator ligation, endoscopic perforator ligation.Methods: It was prospective randomized study. Test group underwent subfascial endoscopic perforator surgery (SEPS) by the two-port method. Control group underwent open subfascial ligation of perforators.Results: Study included 25 patients in each group. Perforator incompetence was seen in bilateral limbs in 8% in both the groups. Post op stay in open group is 7.3±0.6 days and 5.2±0.9 days in SEPS group. Post-operative day 7 VAS scoring was 1.0±0.4 in open group and 0.4±0.5 in SEPS group which is statistically significant. Post operatively wound site hematoma was seen in 9 patients in open group on post-operative day 1, which disappeared in 8 patients by day 5 and in 1 patient evacuation was done and 3 patients developed wound site hematoma in SEPS group, which resolved by day 5. Ulcer recurrence was not seen in both groups at 1 year follow up.Conclusions: This study shows the superiority of SEPS over open technique because of shorter hospital stay, lesser post-operative complications like pain, hematoma formation, wound infection, total number of perforators ligated, early recovery. Though longer follow up is needed to comment about the true superiority of SEPS versus open subfascial ligation of perforators in treatment of varicose veins.
A prospective observational study on efficacy of serial low dose infusion of rituximab (500 mg) on patients of pemphigus
Authors: K. Singh Santosh , Sachan Prasoon
Published: August 2020

Background: Rituximab (RTX) is a chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody being increasingly used in management of pemphigus. Various studies show a lack of any uniform treatment protocol. The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of RTX in patients of pemphigus receiving serial low doses of RTX (500 mg; maximum of 4 doses; 2 weeks apart).

Methods: It was a prospective observational review of 40 pemphigus patients to assess the proportion of patients achieving complete remission after serially receiving low dose RTX, time and number of doses required to achieve complete remission (CR), proportion of patients who responded partially or didn’t respond or relapsed after achieving CR. Additionally, the study was done to find whether a correlation existed between age, gender, and site of lesion and RTX administration.

Results: 40 pemphigus patients followed up for a mean duration (MD) of 174.15±95.67 days received 4 doses of RTX (500 mg) irrespective of the disease activity 0.30 (75%) attained CR on therapy with ≥3 doses of RTX 500 mg (MD= 76.39±34.45 days) and azathioprine 100 mg/day. No patients relapsed after 4 doses while 3 (7.5%) patients didn’t respond. Oral lesions and pemphigus vulgaris took more time for achieving CR.

Conclusion: While we reinforce the idea of using more than 3 doses of RTX 500 mg in a view to achieve prolonged remission we promote considering usage of a more cost-effective drug like azathioprine for maintaining remission especially in a poor remote tertiary center in India with limited resources. Immunological assays were not performed limiting the study.
De la retórica mecanicista como principio médico-terapéutico a la explotación económica del cuerpo. Harvey, Descartes y el paradigma disciplinario en Michel Foucault
Authors: Shuttera Pérez Alejandro Sacbé
Published: August 2020

Resumen: la historia de la modernidad, como relato de la victoria de la racionalidad humana sobre toda forma de barbarie o superstición, no podría comprenderse adecuadamente sin un fenómeno un tanto paradójico que, antes que definir los estatutos del alma o de la res cogitans, encuentra su fundamento en una problematización de lo corporal. En este artículo examinaremos algunas analogías mecanicistas del cuerpo desde el punto de vista médico-terapéutico, como un sistema compuesto por articulaciones, engranes, flujos, circuitos, mecanismos, etc., con su propia lógica interna e independiente de las leyes del universo. Se esboza una discusión clave para la historia tanto de la fisiología como de la filosofía mecanicista que tiene como exponentes a William Harvey y a René Descartes, para examinar más a fondo algunos presupuestos metafísicos del francés que darán lugar al nacimiento del modelo político de las disciplinas, tal como es analizado por Michel Foucault.
Effectiveness of the Management of Pajale Food Security Program (Rice, Corn, and Soybean) In West Aceh Regency
Authors: Amiruddin Amiruddin , Fajri Fajri , Rusdi Muhammad
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness and impact of the Pajale (Rice, Corn, and Soybean) of the UPSUS (Special Effort) Program on the production of rice, corn, and soybean in West Aceh regency. This study conducted in West Aceh Regency. The method used to collect the data is the random sampling technique. The number of samples determined using Solvin formula. However, due to the limited time, energy, and cost, the researcher only took 188 samples from the total population of 584 respondents. The analytical method used to answer the first hypothesis is using the effectiveness formula, as follows: The Effectiveness of Program = (R/T) x 100%. The analytical method used to answer the second hypothesis is using the PAM (Policy Analysis Matrix) approach. This method used to determine the impact of the UPSUS Pajale Program. The matrix of PAM consists of two identities that are the profit identity and the deviation identity.Based on references from Litbang Depdagri (Research and Development Agency, Indonesian Ministry of Home Affairs) year 1991, the effectiveness of the UPSUS Pajale Program in West Aceh for Rice and Soybean categorized as effective, which is within the range of ≥80 – 100. Meanwhile for the commodity of corn categorized as quite effective, which is within the range of ≥60 – 80. This shows that the UPSUS Pajale Program implemented in West Aceh can support sustainable food self-sufficiency targeted by the government for rice and soybean commodities. This can be done by increasing the harvested area and production of both commodities.The impact of the program determined using the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). If the profit coefficient (PC) > 0, then the government policies can increase profits obtained by producers, and vice versa. Based on the PAM calculation result on the impact of the program, it shows that the UPSUS Pajale Program implemented in West Aceh can increase profits achieve by producers for all three commodities, rice, corn, and soybean where is the PC > 0.
The Influence of Husband Support to the Event of Unmet Need in the Fertilizer Age in the Work Area of the Bangkelekila Community Health Center of North Toraja Regency
Authors: Pasang Elis Sampe , Masni Masni , Jafar Nurhaedar , Stang Stang , Moedjiono Apik Indarti , Bustam Najib
Published: August 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of husband support on contraceptive use based on age, education, parity, and culture. This research was conducted with a cross-sectional design, involving 267 couples of childbearing age by means of the Cluster Random Sampling. Data collection using a questionnaire. Bivariate analysis using Chi-Square test. The results of this study indicate that 66 people (24.7%) of the total respondents included in the unmet need. The results of data analysis showed that there was an influence between husband's support and the unmet need in fertile age couples with a value of p = 0,000 (<0.05). Age, shows that based on healthy reproduction there is an influence of husband support on the occurrence of unmet need with a value of p = 0.002 (<0.05) and unhealthy reproduction there is an influence of husband support on the occurrence of unmet need with a value of p = 0.001 (<0.05). Education, shows that based on higher education there is an influence of husband support on the unmet need event with a value of p = 0,000 (<0.05) and based on low education there is an influence of husband support on the unmet need event with a value of p = 0.004 (<0.05). Parity, shows that based on safe parity there is an influence of husband support for the unmet need event with a value of p = 0.002 (<0.05) and insecure parity there is the effect of husband support for the unmet need event with a value of p = 0.001 (<0.05). Culture shows that based on supportive culture there is an influence of husband support on unmet need with a value of p = 0.002 (<0.05) and a culture that does not support the influence of husband support on the occurrence of unmet need with a value of p = 0.001 (<0.05).
Need Assessment of Mathematics Learning Module Based on Information Technology for Junior High School
Authors: Azizah Annisa Nur , Kusmayadi Tri Atmojo , Fitriana Laila
Published: August 2020

This study aims to analyze the need for teaching materials in the form of Flipbook as a media of information technology K-13 mathematics learning for junior high school students in class VIII semester II. The subjects of this research are 27 students of eight grades in Junior High School 2 Sukoharjo. This research is motivated by the limited available teaching materials and lack of innovation in teaching materials, so it tends to make students bored with mathematics. Data collection techniques using non-test with research instruments are a questionnaire that needs analysis and interviews. The analysis consists of 3 stages, namely front-end analysis, student analysis, and teaching material analysis The research findings show that (1) the lack of additional textbooks / other references in learning; (2) have never used learning media and the lack of facilities; (3) teachers and students need information technology-based mathematics teaching media.
Construction of Islamic Lecturers on Radicalism and Its Prevention Efforts in University in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Yani Muhammad Turhan , Harmanto Harmanto , Ahmadi Anas
Published: August 2020

The phenomenon of radicalism has become the talk of the world community, one of which is marked by the entry of transnational ideology into Indonesia, this phenomenon has also penetrated universities. Radicalism is often associated with religion, although theoretically it can be related to social, politic, and other similar issues, but in fact radicalism is more prominent associated with religious issues. This phenomenon is interesting to study by exploring the scientific building of Islamic lecturers through a real question such as what is the construction of Islamic lecturers about radicalism and how do they think that radicalism does not flourish. The aim of this study is to explore the construction of Islamic religious lecturers on radicalism and their opinions so that radicalism does not flourish on campus. Research data collection used in-depth interviews with Islamic religious lecturers in East Java. Data analysis was performed with qualitative narratives and through Forum Group Discussions (FGD). The results of the study can be stated as follows, (1) The construction of Islamic lecturers at universities in East Java in general religious-nationalist (2) religious lecturers think that a strict policy is needed from campus leaders by optimizing the role of Islamic religious lecturers because radicalism is always associated with issues religion, so that radicalism does not flourish on campus.
Performing Arts as Communication: The Traditional Media of Wayang Sasak in Digital Era
Authors: Lazuardi Ashar Banyu , Pawito Pawito , Satyawan Agung
Published: August 2020

Wayang Sasak is one of the performing arts in Indonesia. However, in today’s digital era, the presence of wayang Sasak is in danger of extinction. This is because the young generation of Lombok is not interested in this art. This objective of this study is to discover the preservation effort of wayang Sasak in the digital era. This research used ethnographic communication method which directly involves the researcher. The technique of data collection is through interview, literature study, observation, and visual audio documentation. The result of the research shows that there are several preservation efforts which have been done by the research’s interviewees in this digital era. Several interviewees also suggested a discourse or idea about the innovation to digitalize the performing arts of wayang Sasak in order to cope with the digital era. This research could also be a literature reference about wayang Sasak, because amount the information about wayang Sasak is still lacking.
Unmet Need Cause Factors in Lampung Timur District
Authors: Maydiantoro Albet , Nizar Moh.
Published: August 2020

The problem of unmet need indicates a gap between the purpose of female reproduction and their perceptual behavior. This means that in one hand, women have a desire to avoid pregnancy; on the other hand, they do not take precautionary measures. Therefore, decrease on the percentage of the unmet need results on the significant number of contraception prevalence. Conversely, the high unmet need will be a problem for the government, not only causing the rapid increase in population but also affecting the high AKI (Maternal Mortality Rate).This research employed a descriptive method, describing the cause of Unfulfilled Pair Age (PUS) in the needs of family planning services in Eastern Lampung regency. As a consequence, all problems or causes of unmet need can be addressed by analyzing the data. For this study, research population has several criteria: first, mothers or married women who do not want to be pregnant again; second, they do not want to have another baby or they want to delay their pregnancy without using any contraception when data was collected. However, this study does not consider how many children they have, how old the latest child and the birth distance. The sample of this study was 336 people who are mothers or women in the status of unmet need. The findings suggest that factors for causing unmet need in East Lampung regency are caused by seven main factors and twelve specific factors. The seven factors are: first is the side effect of the use of contraceptive including obesity, bleeding and irregular menstrual cycles. Second is the cultural factor, including the desire to have male and female children. Third is wives’ perception including the impotent husband, fear of and away from their husband. Fourth is the health factor including, having high blood disease and cervical cancer and cysts. Fifth is the prohibition of husbands in the use of contraceptives. Sixth is religious and cultural prohibition such as considering the born babies is a gift from God, so there is no need to inhibit the birth. Seventh is behavioral factor such as laziness to use contraception.
The Story of the Torah from the Perspective of the Qur'an and History
Authors: Razavi Seyyed Mohammad , Saemi Marziyeh
Published: August 2020

The history of the Bible implies that the Torah has been formed and distorted over time. The Qur'an also confirms this issue. The Holy Qur'an, in addition to introducing the Jews as the People of the Book, uses the word "Torah" eighteen times, "which is a collection of divine teachings bestowed on Prophet Moses." On the one hand, the Holy Qur'an acknowledges and affirms it, and on the other hand, it attributes distortion to this book and introduces the Torah as one of the books that has been distorted throughout history, however, the holy Qur’an considers the part of the Torah that has been preserved to contain the teachings of God and can be acknowledged in general, and considers it a means of guiding the Jewish people and advises them to refer to it. The collection of information in this writing is library-based and their processing is descriptive-analytical. This article seeks to prove the view that the current Torah, with its various versions, has been disappeared in the ups and downs of the times, and that what exists is a very blurred and inconsistent face of the original version, and the Holy Qur'an confirms this.
The Relationship of Rubai and Bytes in Classical Literature
Authors: Gulmuradovna Juraeva Nazokat
Published: August 2020

No matter how much the phenomena of artistic creation are studied, there are still so many unsolved mysteries and strange problems that can be seen only in the example of the poetics of poetic unity, which is called a byte in classical poetry. Because often when we know the name of each poetic event and its general properties, we think in all places within the framework of these general concepts, views. However, the study of issues such as the formation of a small poetic unit, its requirements, its peculiarities, historical development and destiny requires a great deal of strength, knowledge and effort. One of the genres in Uzbek classical poetry, which consists of four lines based on bytes, is rubai. This genre consists of two bytes. The rubai tarona, that is, the rubai with four rhymes, has a structure of two musarra bytes, while the ordinary rubai consists of one musarra and one Aryan byte. the second criterion is that the Hajj sea is written in the ahram and akhrab trees, each consisting of twelve branches. Hence, in classical poetry, the rubai must be written in twenty-four weights.
Probiotics and food safety: an evidence-based review
Authors: Peivasteh-Roudsari Leila , Pirhadi Mohadeseh , Karami Hadis , Tajdar-oranj Behrouz , Molaee-Aghaee Ebrahim , Sadighara Parisa
Published: August 2020

Probiotics are commonly defined as live microorganisms (yeast or bacteria), when getting ingested in adequate amounts, they exhibit the beneficial effects on the host. During the past two decades, probiotic microorganisms as health-promoting agents have been increasingly added to various types of food products, especially in fermented food and also drugs. Due to the importance of food safety aspects of the human diet and with regards to some adverse effects of probiotics for human, we decided to carry out a review on probiotics and their adverse effects by research in literature. Previous studies indicated that several aspects, including safety, functional and technological characteristics, have to be considered in the selection of probiotic microorganisms. Safety aspects include origin (gastrointestinal tract of healthy human), nonpathogenicity and antibiotic resistance. Some probiotic microorganisms such as enterococci have been considered as an opportunistic pathogen for humans and cause disease, possess agents for antibiotic resistance and potential virulence factors. The bacteria used as a probiotic in food should be completely safe. Probiotic bacteria should be chosen from the healthy human micro-flora and should not have any antibiotic resistance that would prevent treatment of a rare probiotic infection. This review focused on key issues concerning the safety aspects of probiotics added to particular food products for improvement of general health and also discussed the criteria for probiotic selection in details.
Process parameters optimization and molecular studies on bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria from ‘Kati’
Authors: Adejumoke Omotayo Aarinade , Oladiti Olaniyi Oladipo , Juliet Akinyele Bamidele
Published: August 2020

This work described the isolation and identification of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from ‘Kati’(a sorghum based fermented food), and to evaluate the antibacterial effect of bacteriocin on selected pathogenic bacteria. The identities of the isolates were revealed to be as Lactobacillus plantarum, L. brevis, L. fermentum KAT1, L. fermentum KAT2 and Lactococcus lactis using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Out of 28 LAB, five were found to inhibit selected pathogenic bacteria namely; Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium and Bacillus cereus. The unpurified bacteriocins produced by the isolated LAB were characterized with respect to the effect of temperature, pH and surfactant. The test isolates showed activities of 6400, 6400, 6400, 3200 and 1600 AU/ml respectively. Crude bacteriocin from L. brevis and L. lactis were the most heat stable at 121ºC for 60 min. Bacteriocins from L. plantarum, L. lactis and L. fermentum KAT1 showed the highest antibacterial activity and stability at pH 2.0 to 6.0. Exposure to Tween 20 increased the bacteriocin activity of the LAB isolates except for L. fermentum KAT2 where loss of activity occurred. The findings from this study suggest that bacteriocinogenic LAB present in ‘kati’ have potentials to inhibit pathogenic/spoilage microorganisms in foods.
Prevalence of Bacillus cereus in ready-to-eat boiled and fried rice in the Tamale Metropolis of Ghana
Authors: Saba Courage Kosi Setsoafia , Antwi Mariam Vivian , Adzitey Frederick
Published: August 2020

The most popular street vended foods in Ghana; fried rice, Jollof and Waakye were examined in the Tamale Metropolis from April to May 2015 to determine the prevalence of B. cereus. Street vended Fried rice, Jollof rice and Waakye were purchased, transported aseptically and Bacteriological Analytical Manual guidelines were used to isolate and enumerate B. cereus. The samples were classified based on the microbial loads of <103 cfu/g, 103≤104 cfu/g and >105 cfu/g for satisfactory, borderline and unsatisfactory respectively. Fried rice recorded the highest number of unsatisfactory samples 18/30 (60.0%), followed by Waakye 8/30 (26.7%) and the least was Jollof 7/30 (23.3%). There is the need for regular training for vendors and further work to determine toxins produced by B. cereus.
Isolation of toxigenic Aspergillus flavus and evaluation of aflatoxins in “Burukutu”, sorghum fermented beverage sold in Akure, Nigeria
Authors: Olaniyi Oladipo Oladiti , Akinyele Juliet Bamidele
Published: August 2020

The possible health threat accompanied with the ingestion of ‘Burukutu’, an alcoholic beverage made from fungal contaminated cereals grains calls for regular inspection. The study aimed at the isolation of toxigenic Aspergillus flavus and quantification of aflatoxins in‘Burukutu’ sold in Akure, Nigeria. The fungi associated with the samples were isolated and counted using standard microbiological methods. Aflatoxins were extracted from 64 samples using different solvents and analyzed with the aid of High Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). The aflatoxins in the samples applied on pre-heated HPTLC plates were estimated under fluorescent UV light. Cooked fermented milled malted grains ‘Burukutu’ (CFMMG) had the highest fungal counts of 6.8×102 and 2.9×102 cfu/ml at 24 and 48 h of incubation respectively. The fungal isolates identified from the samples were: Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium solani, Rhizopusstolonifer, A. fumigatus, A. niger, Penicillumitalicum, Saccharomyces cerevisae and Candida krusei. All the analyzed samples showed varied quantity of aflatoxin concentrations. The overall quantification of aflatoxins G1, G2, B1 and B2 revealed significant reduction in end products ‘Burukutu’ when compared with the substrates from which it was made. Different general fungi associated with ‘Burukutu’ were identified. There was also a decline in the level of aflatoxins in ‘Burukutu’ which was a product of natural fermentation
Pathology and prevalence of hepatic lesions of Azeri buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) slaughtered at Urmia Abattoir, Northwest Iran
Authors: Alizadeh Reza , Amniattalab Amir
Published: August 2020

This study was carried out for the evaluation of the prevalence rate and the pathology of various lesions in the confiscated livers of slaughtered Azeri buffaloes at Urmia Abattoir, Northwest Iran. Livers of 306 Azeri buffaloes were inspected grossly during five months according to their color and consistency changes in Urmia Abattoir. Among the inspected carcasses, livers of 28 buffaloes had various lesions. The collected tissue samples of confiscated livers were placed in 10% buffered formalin as a fixative solution in order to prepare pathologic sections with a thickness of 6 μm. The sections were stained by haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and periodic acid schiff (PAS) methods. The most common pathologic changes in the confiscated buffalo livers were fatty change (46.4%), hepatitis and cholangitis (42.9%), and bile duct hyperplasia (39.3%) respectively. The results of this study have shown that there was a significant difference (p<0.05) between hepatic congestion and sex. In addition, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between hepatic lesions and age. The results of this study have revealed that fascioliasis has an important role in the creation of some hepatic lesions such as bile duct hyperplasia, fatty change, and hepatitis in buffaloes. Since various hepatic lesions can reduce buffalo productions and has negative influence on animal reproduction, it is necessary to pay more attention to accurate performing of antiparasitic program and the evaluation of possible role of poisonous plants, heavy metals, and mycotoxins in the generation of hepatic lesions of buffaloes.
Sensitivity analysis of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus of mixed salad vegetables during washing step at packing house
Authors: Osiriphun Sukhuntha , Poonlarp Phichaya , Boonyakiat Danai , Raviyan Patcharin
Published: August 2020

Fresh cut vegetables are a source of minerals, vitamins, and phytonutrients that are convenient foods for consumers which are following the global trend of inclination toward health food. In terms of food safety, contamination of vegetables with microorganisms can occur at multiple points along the supply chain. This study was conducted to investigate the risk factors of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus which contaminate freshly cut vegetables during production (receiving, washing, centrifuging, and packing areas) by using a statistical method for sensitivity analysis and an exposure assessment model complying with the @RiskTM software program. At washing step, the numbers of S. aureus found in the vegetables and water were 0.79 ±1.76 Log cfu/g and 0.68±1.52 Log cfu, respectively. For the equipment, the hand, and the table swabbing samples, the numbers of S. aureus were 0.48±1.07 Log cfu/25 cm2, 1.81±1.69 Log cfu/25 cm2 , and 0.54±1.21 Log cfu/25 cm2 , respectively. An amount of E. coli of 0.48±1.07 Log cfu/25 cm2 was found in the table swabbing samples at the packing area. E.coli and S. aureus were not found in any of the mixed fresh-cut salad samples; therefore, the product samples could be considered safe for consumers. The result of the sensitivity analysis showed that the temperature and pH of water samples were the important factors in the washing process. The suggested interventions included monitoring and maintaining the water temperature at 5°C; also, maintaining the pH of water between 6.5 and 7.5 could help to reduce pathogen contamination of freshly cut vegetables.
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Syndrome As Presenting Sign For Acute Monocytic Leukaemia- A Case Report.
Authors: Sahaf Levin Gal , Ayada Gida , Yeshurun Moshe , Rogach Oleg , Lev Shaul
Published: August 2020

Background: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare aggressive syndrome of excessive immune activation. Clinical manifestations of this syndrome mimic various other clinical conditions making the diagnosis harder to achieve. These manifestations are believed to be a result of cytokine storm which leads, eventually, to a multi-organ failure and eventually death. The latter two might be prevented if HLH was diagnosed early.

HLH is classified into primary consist of monogenic disorders and secondary occurs as a complication in various settings such as infection, autoimmune disease, and malignancy.

In hematologic malignancies, HLH is classically associated with specific entities, mainly, lymphoma or induced by treatment-related infections. Acute myeloid leukemia, on the other hand, is less common trigger with only few case reports.

 

Case presentation: An 83-years-old, 5 years free of transitional cell man, presented with unstable atrial fibrillation was intubated and shortly after that he developed a multi-organ failure. Bicytopenia and a high level of ferritin aroused a clinical suspicion of HLH syndrome.

Further evaluation revealed high levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptors and no activity of natural killers cells. A bone marrow was performed and it did not show phagocytosis, however, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was diagnosed. AML was suggested to be associated with chemotherapy that our patient received 5 years earlier.

 

Conclusion: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis can be present as a multi-organ failure requiring a high index of suspicion. Chemotherapy related-AML can be a trigger for HLH.
CaCO3 vaterites as components of target drug delivery systems
Authors: Sudareva Natalia N. , Popryadukhin Pavel V. , Saprykina Natalia N. , Suvorova Olga M. , Yukina Galina Yu. , Galibin Oleg V. , Vilesov Aleksandr D.
Published: August 2020

Successful treatment of the majority of oncological diseases that affect solid organs is related to appropriate use of potent and (to varying degrees) toxic antitumor drugs. In a number of cases, chemotherapy requires the maximum localized action of a drug in the tumor area. The most efficient methods of drug administration are introducing medicinal compounds (MC) directly into the tumor or use of target drug delivery systems. The second method makes it possible to decrease general toxicity of MC, and to reach prolonged therapeutic action due to uniform and time-controlled release of a MC into tumor tissue.

In the present work, we studied behavior of porous spherical СаСО3 vaterites (components of delivery systems for antitumor drugs) in various environments (human blood plasma, rat muscle tissue). It was demonstrated that the studied drug carriers undergo morphological transformations and are destructed with time. In blood plasma, due to ion exchange reactions, vaterites are transformed into gradually disintegrating needle-like structures (as shown by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy). Similar processes were observed in muscle tissue: in three days, spheres were transformed into needle-like structures and then underwent complete bioresorption.
İki Parametreli Madde Tepki Kuramı Modelinde Parametre Değişmezliğinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Hasançebi Burcu , Terzi Yüksel , Küçük Zafer
Published: August 2020

Ölçme teorisi incelendiğinde, temel olarak iki kurama rastlamak mümkündür. Bunlardan ilki Klasik Test Kuramı, diğeri ise Madde Tepki Kuramıdır. Madde Tepki Kuramını Klasik Test Kuramından ayıran birçok özellik mevcuttur. Bunlardan biri de parametre değişmezliği özelliğidir. Literatür incelendiğinde değişmezlik özelliğinin hala tartışma konusu olduğu görülmektedir. Bu bilgilerden hareketle bu çalışmada, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi İstatistik ve Bilgisayar Bilimleri Bölümü Nesneye Yönelik Programlama dersinin final sınavı verileri incelenmiştir. Sınav 23 maddeden oluşmaktadır ve dersi alan tüm öğrencilere uygulanmıştır. Analizlere başlamadan önce, veri tarafından en çok desteklenen modelin İki Parametreli Madde Tepki Kuramı Modeli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Madde parametrelerinin değişmezlik özelliğini incelerken, katılımcılar cinsiyet ve dersi alış sayılarına göre alt bölümlere ayrılmıştır. Kişi parametreleri için ise maddeler, güçlük ve ayırt edicilik indekslerine göre ayrılmıştır. Her bir alt test için gerçek veriye benzer karakterde tepki vektörü simülasyon ile elde edilmiştir. Böylelikle, mevcut olan az miktardaki gerçek veri arttırılarak daha doğru sonuçlar elde etmek amaçlanmıştır. Analizden elde edilen sonuçlara göre madde ve kişi parametrelerinin tahminlerinin parametre değişmezliği ilkesine uygun olup olmadığı yorumlanmıştır.
The Frasnian-Famennian boundary sections at Hony and Sinsin (Ardenne, Belgium): new interpretation based on quantitative analysis of palynomorphs, sequence stratigraphy and climatic interpretation
Authors: STREEL Maurice , VANGUESTAINE Michel , PARDO-TRUJILLO Andrés , THOMALLA Eric
Published: August 2020

In the light of recent geochemical and sedimentological investigations, the Frasnian-Famennian Boundary sections at Hony and Sinsin (eastern and central Ardenne, Belgium) are re-evaluated in terms of quantitative analysis of spiny acritarchs and miospores. It is concluded that the shaly interval separating the limestone beds dated Frasnian and Famennian by conodonts corresponds to a transgressive - regressive marine sequence. This interpretation is supported, for the Hony section, by a quantitative analysis of two spiny acritarch groups (Gorgonisphaeridium gr. and Micrhystridium gr.) based on the relationship between their abundance and the depth of the marine environment. It is also corroborated by the frequency distribution of a Prasinophyceae (Maranhites stockmansii) indicative for a maximum flooding surface. A sequence stratigraphic model and the possible causes of the bathymetric changes right at the Frasnian-Famennian Boundary are briefly discussed. It is suggested that these changes are related to a short glacial phase during a "warm mode" period.
Soil geochemistry in and around the town of Marche-en-Famenne (Wallonia, S-Belgium)
Authors: ADRIAENSEN Wim , BOUCKAERT Jos , VAN HERREWEGHE Samuel , BOUCHAT André , SWENNEN Rudy
Published: August 2020

The geological substrate of the town of Marche-en-Famenne, and its surrounding area, consists mainly of Givetian limestone and Frasnian to Emsian siliciclastics. The soil geochemistry within and around the town was studied by the collection of 214 samples from the urban area, and from a section of 3.5 by 20 km to the SW of the town. These samples were analysed for Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn by AAS. One of the most remarkable feature is that the contrast between limestone and sandstone is only weakly reflected in the major and trace element distribution patterns. This may be explained by the presence of loamy soils, which develop on limestone after weathering, which are very comparable to loamy soils developed on top of sandy shale and shale. A clear relation between geological substrate, soil-type and Fe-K-Ni content is apparent, and is also reflected in the bivariate correlation matrix. Further, red coloured lithologies of the so-called Burnotian age (i.e., Emsian) display an increase in Fe-content. Some particular dispersion patterns are clearly geogenetic in origin (e.g., in relation with mineralised faults, presence of overbank sediments, etc.), while in and around industrial sites, elevated heavy metal concentrations have been recorded and reflect an anthropogenic influence on the natural environment. Highest recorded Zn, Pb and Cd concentrations are respectively about 1300 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg. However, values do not exceed trigger values, commonly used in environmental studies (e.g., Flemish Soil Sanitation Act). A speciation study, based on selective extraction, showed that about 20% of Zn and Pb are relatively easily dissolved; Cd can also potentially be leached, since more than 40% relates to the operationally defined "carbonate fraction". However, the Cd concentration is generally low. More important here is that overall heavy metals are dominantly bound to Mn- and/or Fe oxyhydroxides and to a fraction, which is only dissolved by strong acids (HClconc-HNO3 conc-HFconc). This aspect, together with the absence of real anomalous concentrations in heavy metals, suggest that the eco- and human toxicological risk in the studied area is low.
The Merksplas-Beerse geothermal well (17W265) and the Dinantian reservoir
Authors: Vandenberghe Noël , Dusar Michiel , Boonen Paul , LIE Sun Fan  , Voets Rudy , Bouckaert Jos
Published: August 2020

The Merksplas-Beerse well (North Belgium) is a low-enthalpy geothermal production well targeting the Dinantian karstic limestones to a total depth of 1761 m. The presence of methane gas in these limestones generated a particular interest in this well. This paper describes the geological profile of this well and the Dinantian reservoir. The Namurian-Visean boundary at 1630 m is determined by the base of the dipmeter draping pattern in the radioactive Chokier shales (base of the Namurian) on top of the karstified Dinantian limestone. The stratigraphic composition of the transitional interval from Dinantian to Silesian correlates closely to the nearby Turnhout well. The two fractured intervals at 1630-1656 and 1739-1747 m respectively were identified in the Dinantian limestones. They are associated with siliciclastic sections in between pure limestones.
The reservoir water is a sodium chloride brine of about 74 °C and at a pressure below the hydrostatic. The water is slightly radioactive because of the contact with the Chokier hot shales. A carbon dioxide gas with methane and nitrogen admixture is dissolved in the water. The gas liquid ratio at standard conditions is about one and the bubble point is around 200-400 psi at reservoir temperature. A long duration pumping test shows a high fracture permeability and a productivity index of 5.4 m3/h/bar with a productivity to injectivity ratio of 1.45.
Jos Bouckaert als Mensch und Wissenschaftler aus deutscher Sicht [Jos Bouckaert, his person and his scientific career as seen from a German viewpoint]
Authors: KASIG Werner
Published: August 2020

In the second half of the 20th century a trend-setting co-operation was formed in the research on the geology of the Upper Palaeozoic (Devonian - Carboniferous) at the northern boundary of the „Linksrheinische Schiefergebirge" and the Ardennes. This led to several fundamental scientific results. A major contribution in this regard was made by Jos Bouckaert and his students. The foundation for this was certainly in his brilliant personality. He understood perfectly how to bring geologists together on joined projects and inspire them alike and beyond any political boundaries. From this came the close personal relationship, which lasted for several decades.
Minimally invasive surgical approaches to thoracic sympathectomy for hyperhidrosis
Authors: Gharagozloo Farid , Meyer Mark
Published: August 2020

Thoracic sympathectomy is used for the palliation of hyperhidrosis. However, significant controversies surround the optimal surgical approach and the extent of sympathectomy. The determinants of success in the surgical palliation of hyperhidrosis are the postoperative rate of anhidrosis, recurrence of symptoms, and rate of compensatory hyperhidrosis. This paper attempts to shed light on the controversies by examining the historic background, clearly defining the anatomic considerations, and outlining the various surgical approaches culminating with robotic selective dorsal thoracic sympathectomy.
Percutaneous mitral valve repair in patients with secondary mitral regurgitation and advanced heart failure
Authors: Scotti Andrea , Margonato Alberto , Godino Cosmo
Published: August 2020

Advanced heart failure (HF) prevalence is increasing and ranges between 1% and 10% of the overall HF population, due to the growing number of patients with HF and their better treatment and survival in the last 20 years. The best treatment for these patients is represented by heart transplantation, which, unfortunately, is only available for a minority of them. A significant portion of patients with advanced HF has concomitant severe mitral regurgitation, which acts as a driving force in inducing and maintaining this end-stage condition in a vicious cycle. Percutaneous mitral valve repair with MitraClip is a treatment option to stop this vicious cycle, providing safer outcomes and clinical benefits in some of these patients. Preliminary clinical observations show a possible selective role for percutaneous mitral valve treatment with MitraClip as a bridge to transplantation, candidacy or recovery. Further evidence will be necessary to confirm these preliminary data and support this new treatment framework of patients with advanced HF.
Новая коронавирусная инфекция и хроническая профессиональная легочная патология в Ростовской области (аналитический обзор)
Authors: Алешукина Анна , Твердохлебова Татьяна
Published: August 2020

Реферат. Аналитический обзор «Новая коронавирусная инфекция и хроническая профессиональная легочная патология в Ростовской области» состоит из двух частей: Антропогенная нагрузка и пандемия новой коронавирусной инфекции и Новая коронавирусная инфекция и хроническая профессиональная легочная патология в Ростовской области. Цель обзора - обратить внимание на важность состояния объектов окружающей среды в регионах для возникновения и распространения острых респираторных вирусных инфекций (на примере новой коронавирусной инфекции). Анализ литературы и доступных источников интернет-ресурсов показал зависимость между количеством зараженных COVID-19 и величиной антропогенной нагрузки в странах с высокой плотностью населения. Донской регион в соответствии с данными Роспотребнадзора был отнесен к среднему кластеру по влиянию на состояние здоровья населения санитарно-гигиенических факторов (при сильном влиянии санитарно-гигиенических факторов на локальном уровне) на фоне среднего влияния социально-экономических факторов и среднего влияния факторов образа жизни ( кластер 3). Анализ встречаемости профессиональных заболеваний легких в районе Донецкого угольного бассейна на территории Ростовской области и данных по новой коронавирусной инфекии показал тенденции прямой тесной корреляции анализируемых признаков - чем больше зафиксировано случаев хронической легочной профессиональной заболеваемости в административных единицах, тем выше в них заболеваемость новой коронавирусной инфекцией и летальность от нее. Наличие возбудителя коронавирусной инфекции с тропизмом к дыхательным путям человека в сочетании с восприимчивостью к вирусам людей с хронической легочной патологией (основной или коморбидной) в Ростовской области создает реальные неблагоприятные предпосылки к развитию эпидемического процесса со склонностью к пандемии с развитием ТОРС и летальными исходами. COVID-19 в Донском регионе показал, что даже при среднем уровне экологической опасности при наличии двух основных факторов эпидпроцесса имеются серьезные предпосылки для возникновения воздушно-капельного или воздушно-пылевого инфекционного процесса. Анализ этих предположений требует дополнительного исследования во избежание повторения эпидемиологической ситуации.

Ключевые слова: COVID-19, новая коронавирусная инфекция, антропогенная нагрузка, хронические профессиональные заболевания легких, Ростовская область.
Modelling instruction effect with different reasoning ability on physics conceptual understanding by controlling the prior knowledge
Authors: Meilina Ike Lusi , Handayanto Supriyono Koes , Muhardjito Muhardjito
Published: August 2020

Modelling instruction is systematic instructional activity for constructing and applying scientific knowledge in Physics lesson. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of Modelling instruction with different reasoning abilities on understanding physical concepts by controlling students’ prior knowledge. This research used experimental method with 2x2 factorial design with two Modelling instruction classes and two conventional classes with a total of 176 students. The instrument used was reasoning ability test, prior knowledge test, and physics concept test. It used LCTSR (Lawson’s Classroom Test of Scientific Reasoning) instrument. Prior knowledge test instruments consisted of 25 problems to identify how deep the students understand the topic before they undergo the learning process and physics concept test consisted of 25 problems. Based on the statistical test using two factor Ancova, it proved that there was a significant difference in students’ ability to master the physics concept between using Modelling instruction learning model and using conventional learning model. The result showed that the Modelling instruction increasing conceptual understanding better than conventional learning. There are two important parts in the Modelling instruction that are model development and model deployment. This study also confirms that there are significant differences in understanding the concepts between students of high reasoning ability and low reasoning ability. Students with high reasoning abilities have a better understanding of concepts than students with low reasoning abilities.