bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Less Said The Better: Dewey, Neurath, and Mid-Century Theories of Truth
Authors: Capps John
Published: March 2021

John Dewey’s theory of truth is widely viewed as proposing to substitute “warranted assertibility” for “truth,” a proposal that has faced serious objections since the late 1930s. By examining Dewey’s theory in its historical context – and, in particular, by drawing parallels with Otto Neurath’s concurrent attempts to develop a non-correspondence, non-formal theory of truth – I aim to shed light on Dewey’s underlying objectives. Dewey and Neurath were well-known to each other and, as their writing and correspondence make clear, they took similar paths over the mid-century philosophical terrain. I conclude that Dewey’s account of truth is more principled, and more relevant to historical debates, than it first appears.
Entrenchment effects in code-mixing: individual differences in German-English bilingual children
Authors: Quick Antje Endesfelder , Backus Ad , Lieven Elena
Published: March 2021

Following a usage-based approach to language acquisition, lexically specific patterns are considered to be important building blocks for language productivity and feature heavily both in child-directed speech and in the early speech of children (Arnon, Inbal & Morten H. Christiansen. 2017. The role of multiword building blocks in explaining L1-L2 differences.Topics in Cognitive Science9(3). 621–636; Tomasello, Michael. 2003.Constructing a language: A usage-based theory of language acquisition. Cambridge: Harvard University Press). In order to account for patterns, the traceback method has been widely applied in research on first language acquisition to test the hypothesis that children’s utterances can be accounted for on the basis of a limited inventory of chunks and partially schematic units (Lieven, Elena, Dorothé Salomo & Michael Tomasello. 2009. Two-year-old children’s production of multiword utterances: A usage-based analysis.Cognitive Linguistics20(3). 481–508). In the current study, we applied the method to code-mixed utterances (n = 1,506) of three German-English bilingual children between 2 and 4 years of age to investigate individual differences in each child’s own inventory of patterns in relation to their input settings. It was shown that units such asI see Xas inI see a Kelle‘I see a trowel’ could be traced back to the child’s own previous productions. More importantly, we see that each child’s inventory of constructions draws heavily on multiword chunks that are strongly dependent on the children’s language input situations.
Effects of Expanded Graphite, Aluminum Hydroxide, and Kaolin on Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression of Polyurethane Composites
Authors: Cao Q. , Cao Q.-G. , Qiu X.-X. , Song J.
Published: March 2021

Polyurethane is a widely used polymer that has good abrasion resistance and low-temperature resistance. However, polyurethane composite materials are highly inflammable and thus require the use of flame retardants. This study selected green and environment-friendly flame retardants such as expanded graphite, aluminum hydroxide, and kaolin to be used as individual or paired retardants to produce polyurethane composites. By analyzing the potential and mechanical properties of the polyurethane composites, it was found that the composite material with the flame retardant composed of graphite and modified kaolin had better flame retardancy, smoke suppression performance, and high thermal stability.
Effects of Hydrothermal Seawater Aging on the Mechanical Properties and Water Absorption of Glass/Aramid/Epoxy Hybrid Composites
Authors: Oğuz Z. A. , Erkliğ A. , Bozkurt Ö. Y.
Published: March 2021

With the increase in the diversity of applications, the effect of environmental conditions on the mechanical properties of polymeric composites have become more valuable due to the sensitivity of polymers to aging. In this study, an experimental investigation was carried out to study the seawater aging effect on the flexural and low-velocity impact behavior of glass/aramid/ epoxy hybrid composites. Four types of composite groups that are [G6]S, [A6]S, [G3A3]S, [A3G3]S manufactured by vacuum infusion method were immersed in seawater at 25 °C and 70°C for 1000 h. Mechanical tests were conducted under three different conditions, namely, dry, wet, re-dried. As temperature increases, the water gain ratio also increases for all composite groups. Flexural strength was significantly reduced with seawater absorption for the wet state tested groups at each temperature. The reductions in flexural strength of the re-dried test groups are less than in the wet state test samples. Charpy test results showed that as the composite groups were exposed to hydrothermal aging, the impact strength of the plain glass/ epoxy, GAG/epoxy, and AGA/epoxy hybrid composite decreased. SEM analysis showed that as temperature increases, delamination and fiber/matrix cracks also increases.
Accurate Simulation of the Four Modes of Post-Die Extrudate Shape Distortion
Authors: Gupta M.
Published: March 2021

A combined flow, thermal and structural analysis is employed to simulate post-die extrudate distortion in different profile dies. All four factors which can cause extrudate distortion, namely, nonuniform exit velocity distribution, extrudate shrinkage, extrudate draw down, and deformed shape of the calibrator or sizer profile, are simulated. To analyze the effect of exit velocity variation on extrudate distortion, the parameterized geometry of a simple profile die is optimized using an extrusion die optimization software. The simulation results presented for a bi-layer profile die successfully demonstrate how gradually changing profile shape in successive calibrators/sizers can be used to simplify the die design for extrusion of complex profiles. The predicted extrudate shape and layer structure for the bi-layer die are found to accurately match with those in the extruded product.
A reduced basis method for fractional diffusion operators II
Authors: Danczul Tobias , Schöberl Joachim
Published: March 2021

We present a novel numerical scheme to approximate the solution map s ↦ u(s) := 𝓛–s

f to fractional PDEs involving elliptic operators. Reinterpreting 𝓛–s
as an interpolation operator allows us to write u(s) as an integral including solutions to a parametrized family of local PDEs. We propose a reduced basis strategy on top of a finite element method to approximate its integrand. Unlike prior works, we deduce the choice of snapshots for the reduced basis procedure analytically. The integral is interpreted in a spectral setting to evaluate the surrogate directly. Its computation boils down to a matrix approximation L of the operator whose inverse is projected to the s-independent reduced space, where explicit diagonalization is feasible. Exponential convergence rates are proven rigorously.

A second algorithm is presented to avoid inversion of L. Instead, we directly project the matrix to the subspace, where its negative fractional power is evaluated. A numerical comparison with the predecessor highlights its competitive performance.
Ligand isomerism in Pt(II) complexes – structural aspects
Authors: Melník Milan , Mikuš Peter
Published: March 2021

This review has focused on ligand isomers in Pt(II) complexes. There are a variety of inner coordination spheres about the platinum(II) atom (PtN4, PtN2Cl2, PtP2Cl2, PtPNC2, PtPNCl2, PtP2CBr, PtP2CS), build up by mono- and bidentate ligands. The bidentate ligands create a variety of metallocyclic rings. The L–Pt–L bite angle (mean values) open in the sequence: 73.1° (PNP) < 78.7° (NC2C) < 80.4° (NC2N) < 86.4° (PC2P) < 86.7° (PNNP) < 93.0° (CC3S). There are three types of isomers: ligand, mixed – (ligand + distortion), and mixed – (ligand + cis-trans), isomers, which are rarity.
Die Kolonialität der Moderne: Koloniale Zeitlichkeit und die Internalisierung der Idee der ‚Rückständigkeit‘ in China.
Authors: Meinhof Marius
Published: March 2021

Dieser Aufsatz diskutiert die kolonialen Fundamente der Diskurse um Moderne und Rückständigkeit im China des späten 19ten und des 20ten Jahrhunderts aus der Perspektive der postkolonialen Soziologie. Nach dem sino-japanischem Krieg, geprägt durch den Kontext des westlichen und japanischen Kolonialismus, entstanden in China Diskurse, die Chinas Schwäche zu erklären und Dekolonisierungsstrategien auf neue Weise zu formulieren versuchten. Diese Diskurse reproduzierten eine koloniale Vorstellung von Zeitlichkeit, die Orte und Menschen in modern und rückständig klassifizierte. Diese Reproduktion kolonialer Zeitlichkeit in China basierte allerdings nicht einfach auf einer Diffusion westlicher Diskurse nach China, sondern fand in neuen chinesischen Theorien statt, die in einem komplexen, asymmetrischen Verflechtungsprozess entstanden. Dennoch wurden dabei koloniale Weltbilder, insbesondere die Idee der Rückständigkeit der Kolonisierten, von chinesischen Autor*innen koproduziert. Koloniale Zeitlichkeit prägte, wie gezeigt werden wird, Diskurse und Erfahrungen der chinesischen Moderne, und sie ermöglichte es, Kolonialität tief in die eigentlich antikolonialen Modernisierungsbemühungen der Republik China einzuschreiben.
Built Heritage as Imagines Agentes
Authors: Gantois Gisèle
Published: March 2021

In this paper we seek to investigate the concept of built heritage as Imagines Agentes whereby built heritage functions as a generating force in the process of appropriation towards belonging. Heritage places as meaningful locations can form a bridge linking the past to the future in a sensitive way. Accessing a local community’s connections to their surrounding environment and recognising and acknowledging the role that built heritage plays here is critical because people’s relationships with places of which built heritage is an integrated part are key to the contemporary policy issues surrounding (social) sustainability. Decision making in projects of restoration and redevelopment of heritage places, particularly in the collective sphere, must consider local populations with their narratives and experiences if the project is to be sustainable and socially better accepted. In the paper, built heritage as Imagines Agentes has been explored through the three-step methodology of Interactive Walking. This novel practice-based method combines methodological approaches in cultural anthropology, such as historical and phenomenological approaches, with the skills of an architect, which comprise observational drawing and modelmaking together with historical heritage studies. We explore the concept of built heritage as Imagines Agentes from two viewpoints, whereby the method and subject start to merge within the object of inquiry: as part of a graphical mnemonic technique for heritage practitioners or planners exploring a heritage site and as part of the environmental appropriation process of local community members.
Destined to Run?
Authors: Scott Jamil , Brown Nadia , Frasure Lorrie , Pinderhughes Dianne
Published: March 2021

While the candidate emergence literature has provided explanations as to why women do not run or think about running for office, we are still learning about the reasons why they do. This question is of interest for the political candidacy of Black women, as this group is most represented among women of color in political office and their numbers continue to grow. Furthermore, because there is evidence that Black women’s entry into politics is distinct from other groups, it is important to explore how Black women come to participate in politics. The authors examine the extent to which Black women’s level of civic engagement influences their likelihood of considering political office compared to other groups of women. They theorize that running for office is a form of political participation and that previous political activity can act as a predictor for political ambition. The authors explore the likelihood that civic engagement matters for Black women being asked to run and considering running for office on their own. Using data from the 2016 Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey (CMPS), a unique dataset that provides a large and generalizable sample of racial and ethnic groups in the United States, the authors examine political ambition beyond the groups that have traditionally run for political office. In sum, our data indicates that political participation significantly predicts being asked to run and thinking about running for office. These results reveal the importance of thinking beyond the traditional candidacy pool and how sociopolitical factors matter for key determinants of seeking political office (being asked and having considered running).
Fibrillation of flax and wheat straw cellulose: Effects on thermal, morphological, and viscoelastic properties of poly(vinylalcohol)/fibre composites
Authors: Hrabalova Marta , Schwanninger Manfred , Wimmer Rupert , Gregorova Adriana , Zimmermann Tanja , Mundigler Norbert
Published: March 2021

Nano-fibrillated cellulose was produced from flax and wheat straw cellulose pulps by high pressure disintegration. The reinforcing potential of both disintegrated nano-celluloses in a polyvinyl-alcohol matrix was evaluated. Disintegration of wheat straw was significantly more time and energy consuming. Disintegration did not lead to distinct changes in the degree of polymerization; however, the fibre diameter reduction was more than a hundredfold, creating a nano-fibrillated cellulose network, as shown through field-emission-scanning electron microscopy. Composite films were prepared from polyvinyl alcohol and filled with nano-fibrillated celluloses up to 40% mass fractions. Nano-fibrillated flax showed better dispersion in the polyvinyl alcohol matrix, compared to nano-fibrillated wheat straw. Dynamic mechanical analysis of composites revealed that the glass transition and rubbery region increased more strongly with included flax nano-fibrils. Intermolecular interactions between cellulose fibrils and polyvinyl alcohol matrix were shown through differential scanning calorimetry and attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The selection of appropriate raw cellulose material for high pressure disintegration was an indispensable factor for the processing of nano-fibrillated cellulose, which is essential for the functional optimization of products.
Selected sociocultural aspects of receiver-oriented adaptation (based upon the analysis of Lithuanian translation of Henryk Sienkiewicz’s „Szkice węglem“)
Authors: Szulska Inesa
Published: March 2021

The present article analyses the Lithuanian translation of Henryk Sienkiewicz’s novel Szkice węglem (1876), published in 1890 by „Ukinįkas” („Ūkininkas”) magazine. Themes covered: historical and cultural as well as social and pragmatic contexts of Paisziniai anglimis; the scope of adaptation work in order to create a simplified version for less educated/culturally developed readers; translation authorship identification, strategies, techniques and selections used by the translators. The characteristic of translation process and the final lexical, grammatical and semantical structure of the translation is concluded by considering the role of this translation in Lithuanian historical-literary process at the end of 19th century and beginning of 20th century from a theoretical perspective.
The Archeology of Speech. Language as a Testimony to the History of Lithuania in Franciszek Ksawery Bohusz’s Thesis „On the Origins of the Lithuanian Nation and Language“
Authors: Krysowski Olaf
Published: March 2021

Franciszek Ksawery Bohusz (1746–1820) was a philosopher, theologist, Jesuit, political activist, participant of the Kościuszko Uprising, member of the Warsaw Society of Friends of Science, honorary member of the Vilnius University, translator and publisher of the Napoleon Code, who was also the author of the thesis On the Origins of the Lithuanian Nation and Language (1808). The thesis was written in an effort to save from forgetting the traditions of the people whose language, as the author noted, gradually “diminished” and “faded” at the beginning of the nineteenth century, being crowded out by Polish which was used in various areas of everyday life. Bohusz’s work turned out to be a significant voice, a testament which raised interest of many Lithuanian culture researchers. It contributed to the longterm study of the history of the Lithuanian nation and language by numerous Vilnius University professors and students.
Changes in Family Poverty Status and Child Health
Authors: Yang-Huang Junwen , van Grieken Amy , You Yueyue , Jaddoe Vincent W.V. , Steegers Eric A. , Duijts Liesbeth , Boelens Mirte , Jansen Wilma , Raat Hein
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVES:

In this study, we aim to assess the associations over time between poverty and child weight status, asthma, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

METHODS:

We analyzed data for 3968 children from the Generation R Study, a population-based cohort study in the Netherlands. Net household income and the number of adults and children living from this income were measured at 4 time-points (during pregnancy and at ages 2, 3, and 6). Poverty was defined on the basis of the equivalized household income being <60% of the median national income. Child health outcomes were measured at age 6 years. The association was explored by using logistic and linear regression models.

RESULTS:

In this cohort, 9.8% of children were born into poverty and 6.0% had experienced 3 to 4 episodes of poverty. Independent of current poverty status, children born into poverty had an odds ratio (OR) of 1.68 for having overweight/obesity and a lower physical HRQoL (β = −1.32) than those not born into poverty. Children having experienced 3 to 4 episodes of poverty had an OR of 1.94 for having asthma and a lower physical HRQoL (β = −3.32) compared with children from never-poor families. Transition out of poverty before age 2 was associated with lower risk of asthma and a higher physical HRQoL compared with children who remained in poverty.

CONCLUSIONS:

Being born into poverty or experiencing multiple episodes of poverty is associated with negative child health outcomes, such as having overweight, asthma, or a lower HRQoL. Support for children and families with a low household income is warranted.
Differences in Lifetime Earning Potential for Pediatric Subspecialists
Authors: Catenaccio Eva , Rochlin Jonathan M. , Simon Harold K.
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVES:

Our 2011 report, reflecting data from 2007–2008, demonstrated that, for many pediatric subspecialties, pursuing fellowship training was a negative financial decision when compared with practicing as a general pediatrician. We provide an updated analysis on the financial impact of pediatric fellowship training and model interventions that can influence the results.

METHODS:

We estimated the financial returns a graduating pediatric resident might anticipate from fellowship training followed by a career as a pediatric subspecialist and compared them with the returns expected from starting a career as a general pediatrician immediately after residency. We evaluated the potential effects of eliminating medical school debt, shortening the length of fellowship training, and implementing a federal loan repayment program for pediatric subspecialists. We compared the financial returns of subspecialty training in 2018–2019 to those from our previous report.

RESULTS:

Pursuing fellowship training generated widely variable financial returns when compared with general pediatrics that ranged from +$852 129 for cardiology to −$1 594 366 for adolescent medicine. Twelve of 15 subspecialties analyzed yielded negative financial returns. The differences have become more pronounced over time: the spread between the highest and lowest earning subspecialties widened from >$1.4 million in 2007–2008 to >$2.3 million in 2018–2019. The negative financial impact of fellowship training could be partially ameliorated by shortening the length of training or by implementing pediatric subspecialist specific loan repayment programs.

CONCLUSIONS:

This report can be used to help guide trainees, educators, and policy makers. The interventions discussed could help maintain an adequate and balanced pediatric workforce.
Endovascular Treatment of Giant Visceral Aneurysms: An Overview
Authors: Castiglione Davide , Tipaldi Marcello Andrea , Rossi Michele , Krokidis Miltiadis
Published: March 2021

Giant visceral aneurysms (or pseudoaneurysms) are aneurysmal lesions of the splanchnic vessels that are larger than 5 cm in diameter. As with other visceral aneurysms, treatment may be either surgical or endovascular. Both treatments face challenges given the anatomical complexity of such lesions. However, in the era of novel tools and techniques that have been developed in this field, an increasing number of giant visceral aneurysms can now be treated using endovascular approaches. The purpose of this article is to offer an overview of the most current techniques and trends in the endovascular treatment of giant visceral artery aneurysms.
Obesidad e inflamación en estudiantes de una universidad pública colombiana
Authors: Nieto Olga A. , Cardona Eliana C. , Ramírez Daniela , González María Mercedes , Castaño Jhon Carlos
Published: March 2021

Objetivo Describir la relación entre obesidad y variables proinflamatorias en la población estudiantil de la Universidad del Quindío.Métodos Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en el cual participaron 155 estudiantes. En primer lugar se midió la glicemia —por métodos convencionales—, la insulinemia y las citocinas —mediante la prueba ELISA—; también se calculó IMC e índice HOMA-IR. Luego, esta información se analizó en el software Statgraphics con el fin de establecer relaciones entre las variables a través de regresión múltiple. Así, se llegó a una diferencia estadísticamente significativa cuando el valor de p fue ≤0,05.Resultados La prevalencia de obesidad por IMC fue de 4,6%; la de sobrepeso, 20,5%; y la de obesidad abdominal por perímetro de cintura fue de 18,5%. El promedio de insulinemia fue de 8,5 μUI/ml±6,4 y el índice HOMA-IR, de 1,7. El 18,5% presentaron resistencia a la insulina. El interferón gamma se encontró en 4,6±12,0 pg/mL; la IL-6, en 5,1±15,5 pg/mL; y el TNF alfa, en 3,2±11,1 pg/mL. La mayor variación explicada (R2) la presentan la insulinemia, el índice cintura/cadera y el índice Homa–IR. La IL-6 fue la citocina que presentó la mayor variación explicada.Conclusiones Se evidencia que existe una relación entre citocinas inflamatorias como la IL-6 con el índice cintura/cadera, la insulinemia y el índice Homa-IR y la presión diastólica.
Determinantes de la hospitalización en pacientes con diagnóstico de bronquiolitis en Barranquilla, Colombia
Authors: Betancur Otalvaro Juan Pablo , Estrada Pedrozo Jose Esteban , Pinillos Patiño Yissel , Prieto Suárez Edgar , García Jiménez Rafael
Published: March 2021

Objetivo Describir la frecuencia de los factores de riesgo que inciden en la hospitalización de pacientes con diagnóstico de bronquiolitis atendidos en una empresa social del estado (ESE) ubicada en la ciudad de Barranquilla, Colombia.Materiales y Métodos Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal retrospectivo. La fuente de información fueron las historias clínicas de ingresos al servicio de urgencias de los niños que fueron valorados por el servicio de pediatría entre los años 2016 y 2018. En total se evaluaron 865 historias, de las cuales se descartaron 103 por no cumplir con los criterios de inclusión descritos para el estudio.Resultados Los factores de riesgo modificables fueron los que más se presentaron en el grupo estudiado. El que pudo tener mayor importancia fue la aparición de la enfermedad. La lactancia materna exclusiva inadecuada fue de gran relevancia para la aparición, así como la gravedad de la enfermedad.Discusión Las enfermedades crónicas no modificables tienen relevancia por su relación con la aparición y la gravedad de enfermedades como la bronquiolitis. Factores variables como el bajo peso al nacer, la prematurez y la enfermedad cardiaca fueron considerados como los de mayor valor e importancia frente a la enfermedad en la población estudiada.Conclusiones La mayoría de los factores de riesgo que inciden en los pacientes se podrían evitar o aminorar con educación y con estrategias de mejora en la comunidad.
The impact of environmental lead exposure on Whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus): Pathological and immunohistochemical studies
Authors: Ahmed M. S. , El-Neweshy M. S.
Published: March 2021

This study was carried out to investigate the pathology of environmental lead (Pb) poisoning in Whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus). A number of 12 out 54 swans (22.2%) randomly collected from Honshu, Japan from June 2005 to July 2007 were affected with Pb poisoning. Affected swans showed stained vent with greenish watery diarrhoea and impacted crop. The presence of Pb shots in the gizzard (50%) was confirmed by X-ray, and all cases showed a dark greenish coloured liver. Microscopically, the pathology of Pb poisoning in swans was multisystemic. The severity of the lesions was the highest in the CNS followed by the liver, kidney, spleen, lungs, gizzard, heart, bone marrow respectively and was the least in the peripheral nervous system. CNS lesions were cerebral haemorrhage, malacia, and spongiosis with astrocytic activation and increased neurofilaments accumulations. In addition, there were hepatic and renal hemosiderosis and apoptosis, hepatic granuloma, interstitial pneumonia, gizzard and myocardial necrosis and bone marrow hypoplasia. Chemical analysis of the Pb content in liver and kidneys ranged from 8.18 to 60.6 µg/g, respectively. The extent and severity of lesions varied among individuals and were mostly dose-dependent. Finally, these findings improved the diagnostic procedure of Pb poisoning in free-living Whooper swans.
An annotated checklist of birds of Paraje Tres Cerros, Corrientes province, Argentina
Authors: Fernandez Juan Manuel , Thomann Luz , Fandiño Blas , Cajade Rodrigo , Hernando Alejandra
Published: March 2021

We provide an updated checklist of birds of a unique landscape in northeastern Argentina, which is characterized by three isolated, rocky outcrops and their surrounding agroecosystem. We recorded 188 bird species, including nine that are globally or nationally threatened. We highlight the presence of several grassland-specialist birds of conservation concern. Of the species recorded, 80.6% are residents and 17.7% are migrants. The heterogeneity of the landscape and its structural complexity accounts the existence of a high avian species diversity, which includes both generalists and specialists. This study confirms the conservation value of this ecosystem, due both to the rocky outcrops and grassland matrix. Grasslands are one of the most threatened biomes in the world.
Treinta años sí son algo
Authors: Medina Mercedes , Barrera Carlos
Published: March 2021

Cuando en 1988 se publicó el primer número de Comunicación y Sociedad, hoy Communication & Society, se hizo por fin realidad un sueño que ya venía recogido en un documento titulado “Plan de Necesidades”, fechado en mayo de 1976. “Es un propósito de la Facultad lanzar una Revista” (Barrera, 2009, p. 266), se decía, a la vez que se añadían algunas características que debía tener. Era la revista una de las muchas propuestas que contenía ese ambicioso plan. Recientes entonces las aprobaciones de las tres primeras Facultades de Ciencias de la Información en España en 1971, el mencionado plan fue, en palabras de uno de sus impulsores, “una especie de Carta Magna de la Facultad” (Gómez Antón, 2002, p. 178), destinada a ser guía de su desarrollo durante muchos años.
The impact of COVID-19 on patients with epilepsy
Authors: TEDRUS Gloria Maria de Almeida Souza , SILVA João Fernando Cloclet Pio da , BARROS Gabriel Santaterra
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing can have adverse impacts on adult people with epilepsy (PWE). Objective: To investigate the seizure frequency, the perceived well-being, and the presence of anxiety symptoms in PWE during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Methods: Data from a questionnaire on the repercussions of COVID-19 were analyzed in relation to the clinical variables of 114 PWE, with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: There were 26 cases of COVID-19 in PWE and/or family members (22.8%). During the pandemic period, 11 PWE (9.6%) reported an increase in seizures, but unrelated to COVID-19. Also, the number of crises in PWE with previous depressive disorders increased, with differences between epilepsies. Symptoms of depression, impaired well-being, and concern for their lifestyle were significant in PWE with a previous diagnosis of depression. Impaired well-being, increased anxiety, nervousness, and tiredness, and the concern with being infected were mentioned by a high number of PWE in the pandemic. Conclusion: Seizure frequency increased during the pandemic period, a finding associated with clinical variables of epilepsy. PWE with depression had worse perceived well-being. Changes in well-being and increased anxiety and nervousness were frequent in the pandemic.
Endoscopic transposition with the hernial sac (eTHS) in ventral hernia repair - technical description
Authors: DA-SILVA LEONARDO EMILIO , MELO RENATO MIRANDA DE
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT Incisional hernia is a late complication of the most frequent after abdominal surgeries, with resulting morbidity that can worsen the condition. The treatment has been done both by open techniques, using screens or not, and by laparoscopic and robotic methods, which use them systematically. However, introducing a permanent foreign body into the tissues requires more surgical time, despite not closing the parietal defect in most cases and a higher risk of infections. New technologies have been trying to improve these results, with absorbable prostheses (biological or synthetic), but their high cost and recurrences remain a severe problem. Even so, standard repair establishes reinforcement with screens, routine, and whether the approach is traditional or mini-invasive. The authors report their first case of endoscopic repair of incisional hernia, which occurred two years ago, with a Brazilian technique already fifty years old: the transposition with the hernia sac proposed by Prof. Alcino Lázaro da Silva in 1971.
SAÚDE DO IDOSO: DISCURSOS E PRÁTICAS EDUCATIVAS NA FORMAÇÃO MÉDICA
Authors: RODRIGUES CARLA CRISTINA , TODARO MÔNICA DE ÁVILA , BATISTA CÁSSIA BEATRIZ
Published: March 2021

RESUMO: O Brasil e o mundo passam pelo fenômeno do envelhecimento populacional que, por sua vez, demanda formação adequada de profissionais para o cuidado à saúde do idoso em seus aspectos específicos. O presente artigo é resultado de pesquisa qualitativa que investigou a unidade curricular Cuidado Integral à Saúde do Idoso, ministrada no curso médico de uma universidade federal do interior de Minas Gerais. Tal curso tem a especificidade de ter sido organizado a partir das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para os Cursos de Medicina, publicadas em 2014, sendo que tal documento orienta o uso das metodologias ativas de ensino e inserção precoce dos estudantes em serviços da rede de saúde. A partir da observação de aulas teóricas e práticas, do registro de diário de campo e de entrevistas com alunos e professores da referida disciplina, analisamos os discursos e práticas educativas com o objetivo de identificar as relações entre as normativas da educação médica, a integração curricular, o uso do currículo por competências e das metodologias ativas no ensino da saúde do idoso. Conclui-se que há um esforço em seguir os documentos normativos, com adoção de integração curricular e metodologias ativas. No entanto, não há um rompimento radical com o ensino tradicional na medida em que a postura institucional permite a coexistência simultânea de aulas e avaliações tradicionais paralelamente às metodologias ativas e à avaliação formativa. Questiona-se a adoção das orientações das diretrizes enquanto ampliação de métodos, sem que haja uma mudança na concepção de educação que sustentaria tais métodos.
FORMAÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE EM ÂMBITO HIPERCULTURAL: CORPOREIDADE E FILOSOFIA
Authors: AVANÇO LEONARDO DIAS , LIMA JOSÉ MILTON DE , NEIRA MARCOS GARCIA
Published: March 2021

RESUMO: Neste artigo, reconstitui-se um repertório filosófico com o objetivo de enfrentar problemas relativos a importantes transformações atuais no âmbito da cultura e da educação, enfocando-se mais propriamente a questão da formação de identidades no âmbito da hipercultura em sua relação com a dimensão da corporeidade. Do ponto de vista do caminho metodológico, em primeiro lugar, são delineadas as noções de e as relações entre globalização, ciberespaço e hipercultura; em uma segunda etapa, passa-se a fundamentar filosoficamente uma nova noção de identidade vinculada a mudança de paradigma e a uma contribuição com os estudos da corporeidade. A título de conclusão, expõe-se uma síntese e uma orientação filosófica relacionada à formação humana em tempos de expansão hipercultural, de modo que são aludidas possibilidades educativas de formação da identidade em consonância com um novo paradigma de compreensão da realidade e da corpoereidade humana em sua integralidade e conexão, o qual emerge, em parte, de resultados da ciência física moderna, mas que, de outro lado, não deixa de reencontrar raízes em formas milenares de sabedoria.
The genital and anal papillae of Compsura heterura (Characidae: Cheirodontinae): morphological structure and possible role in insemination
Authors: Lezama Antônio Queiroz , Malabarba Luiz R.
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT The function of the genital and anal papillae for insemination in Compsura heterura is discussed based on the description of their morphologies at different stages of the life cycle and during copulation and spawning. In males and females both the genital and anal papillae are involved in copulation in C. heterura. A pre-anal organ, anterior to the anus and stretched posteriorly, is present in adult males. The openings of the urinary channel and oviduct are separate in females. During copulation, there is an approximation between the female genital and anal papillae which become temporarily juxtaposed, forming a chamber enclosing the opening of the oviduct, which may also function in sperm capture. During spawning, the lateral edges of the female genital papilla are projected anteriorly, acquiring a tubular shape for oviposition.
Two new species of Knodus (Characidae: Stevardiinae) from the upper rio Tocantins basin, with evidence of ontogenetic meristic changes
Authors: Deprá Gabriel de Carvalho , Ota Renata Rúbia , Vitorino Júnior Oscar Barroso , Ferreira Katiane Mara
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT Two new species from the upper rio Tocantins basin are described in Knodus based on the traditional definition of the genus. The new species are distinguished from other congeners by meristic and morphometric characters, such as the number of cusps in the premaxillary and dentary teeth, the number of scale series between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line, the orbital diameter and the body depth. With the two new species, the number of endemic species in the upper rio Tocantins basin upstream of the mouth of the rio Paranã, rises to 53 (89 to the confluence with rio Araguaia). The existence of a meristic character that changes through ontogeny (allomery), viz. the number of scale series between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line, was detected in some species of Knodus through a regression analysis. Additionally, this paper describes an unambiguous, more informative and precise new method for counting vertebrae, which will enhance the efficacy of this trait in species comparisons.
Development of microsatellite loci and population genetics of the catfish Pimelodus yuma (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae)
Authors: Joya Cristhian Danilo , Landínez-García Ricardo Marcel , Márquez Edna Judith
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT Pimelodus yuma (formerly Pimelodus blochii) is a freshwater fish, endemic to the Colombian Magdalena-Cauca and Caribbean basins that experiences habitat disturbances resulting from anthropogenic activities. Due to the lack of information about the population genetics of this species, this study developed 14 species-specific microsatellite loci to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of samples from the lower section of the Cauca River. The studied species showed genetic diversity levels higher than the average values reported for Neotropical Siluriformes and significant inbreeding levels as was described for some congeners. Furthermore, P. yuma comprises two coexisting genetic groups that exhibit gene flow along the lower section of the Cauca River. This information constitutes a baseline for future monitoring of the genetic diversity and population structure in an anthropic influenced sector of the Magdalena-Cauca basin.
Geophysical techniques for characterisation of municipal solid waste landfills
Authors: Naveen Basavaiah Purushotham , Sitharam Thallak Gundurao , Sivapullaiah Puvvadi Venkata , Kumar Sunil
Published: March 2021

This paper presents the seismic site characterisation of Mavallipura landfill in Bengaluru, India using multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW). The survey was performed at top level up to a height of 25 m. Up to 6 m it consisted of uncompacted waste. Also, the shear-wave velocity increased with depth from approximately 74 to 150 m/s. A series of one- and two-dimensional MASW surveys at various levels of the landfill was carried out to map the site fully. A new empirical correlation between standard penetration test corrected N values and shear-wave velocity was also developed. The MASW survey results and correlation with the conventional geotechnical investigation are presented in this paper. The results showed that the seismic waves can achieve changes in shear-wave velocity and Poisson's ratio to conclude the amount of degradation taking place at the landfill and thereby provide some knowledge with regards to the properties required for evaluating seismic stability.
Pulmonary function assessment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Associate professor, pharmacology, , RKDF Medical college & hospital Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, Mehani Dr. Rekha , Maqsood Dr. Sheema ,   Assistant Professor Pulmonary Medicine, RKDF Medical college & hospital Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a leading public health problem all over the world. Diabetesmellitus is a risk factor that precipitating microvascular as well as macro-vascular pathologies.Several respiratory alterations have been reported in associations with Diabetes Mellitus. Therefore,the present study was designed to determine the effect of the disease on respiratory function inpatients with diabetes. Method & material: For this study 54 Diabetes Mellitus patients wereselected using simple random sampling from the diabetic clinic. 54 Non-diabetic, age & sex-matchedsubjects were also taken from teaching and non-teaching employees of the hospital for comparison.Result: In our study there was a statistically significant decrease in the level of FVC in DM patientscompared to healthy male subjects. There was a statistically significant increase in the level of ratioof FEV1/FVC. A more sensitive index of early disease is FEV1/ FVC ratio. Conclusion: Spirometricvalues were consistently lower in subjects with diabetes mellitus than in non-diabetics. Subjects withpoorer diabetic control have a worse spirometric function. We conclude that strict glycaemic control& regular breathing exercises to strengthen the respiratory muscles may improve the pulmonaryfunction test in patients.
Direito romano 'in streaming'
Authors: Vieira Malanovicz Aline
Published: March 2021

Nas últimas décadas, percebeu-se o aumento do interesse despertado pelos Estudos Clássicos. Ao mesmo tempo, as tecnologias evoluíram, assim como os métodos de ensino. Um dos temas presentes nos projetos de investigação sobre o passado de Roma é o Direito Romano. E, atualmente, para o seu ensino, são pesquisadas metodologias ativas com uso de tecnologia. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo apresentar uma proposta de trabalho para o ensino-aprendizagem do Direito Romano com base em metodologia ativa com uso de cenas de filmes e séries de televisão. É realizado um levantamento filmográfico focado no tema Direito Romano, realizado em canais de streaming de filmes e séries. São, então, exemplificadas algumas análises possíveis sobre a abordagem de determinados institutos do Direito Romano em filmes selecionados. É proposto o plano de atividade didática com práticas de busca de filmes e cenas, reflexão sobre os institutos e análise e interpretação relacional. Conclui-se que há amplo potencial de contribuição, para os Estudos Clássicos, do uso dos filmes e séries para reflexão sobre a sociedade da Roma antiga e o Direito Romano.
Imagens da infância na Atenas clássica
Authors: Santos de Moraes Alexandre , Lessa Fábio de Souza
Published: March 2021

Neste texto, propomos uma reflexão sobre o espaço ocupado pela infância na sociedade ateniense do período clássico (séculos V e IV a.C.). Partiremos da dificuldade de demarcação e conceitualização dessa faixa etária entre os helenos e da sua visão social negativa para entender a importância das crianças em Atenas, para além da perpetuação do grupo doméstico e da pólis, pensando nas suas relações de afeto familiar e na sua socialização por meio de jogos e de brincadeiras infantis. As imagens áticas pintadas em suporte cerâmico serão a documentação essencial para o presente estudo.
A formação educacional das crianças na Antiguidade Tardia: João Crisóstomo e a defesa da escola monástica
Authors: Silva Gilvan Ventura da
Published: March 2021

Neste artigo, pretendemos examinar a proposta de formação educacional das crianças formulada entre 380 e 386 por João Crisóstomo, quando ocupava o cargo de diácono da congregação de Antioquia, após ter vivido por seis anos na companhia dos monges do Monte Sílpios, ocasião em que travou contato in loco com a vida monástica. Para tanto, analisamos os argumentos de João contidos na obra Adversus oppugnatores vitae monasticae, na qual o autor, ao mesmo tempo que empreende uma defesa incondicional do monacato, estabelece os princípios de uma pedagogia cristã segundo a qual os pais deveriam confiar a educação de seus filhos, não aos rétores ou gramáticos, mas aos monges, os únicos habilitados a fazer deles indivíduos honrados, o que revela o seu estranhamento com a escola greco-romana, cujo currículo era baseado no aprendizado da retórica e da oratória, pedras angulares da paideia, mas tidas por ele como inúteis.
Copyright and Preservation of Born-digital Materials: Persistent Challenges and Selected Strategies
Authors: Fisher Katherine
Published: March 2021

This article surveys and analyzes archival literature and legal resources (primarily United States–focused) related to copyright considerations that archivists and other content managers must be aware of to effectively and legally maintain a collection of born-digital materials. These considerations include the centrality of copying to preservation actions, shifting definitions of ownership, unclear distinctions between published and unpublished content, digital rights management laws and technologies, and the layered copyrights that can exist in complex digital objects and their dependencies. Strategies for dealing with these challenges include securing rights ahead of time, adopting legal rationales related to orphan works and fair use, adapting practices from specialized digital preservation subfields, ensuring routine procedures adequately address copyright-related recordkeeping and risk management, and advocating for preservation-enabling copyright reforms. An examination of these issues and strategies in the context of current thinking about copyright suggests that while certain legal exceptions and existing rights frameworks can help to facilitate digital preservation activities, copyright will continue to be a barrier until significant reforms are enacted.
The Autologic Archive: Appraisal, Institutional Motives, and Essentializing Identity in Refugee and Asylum Application Narratives, In and Out of Fiction
Authors: Turner Alison
Published: March 2021

This article merges the postmodern critical thinking that scrutinizes bias and power in the formation of archival collections with the refugee and asylee resettlement process in the United States. It proposes that the theoretical accumulation of narratives recorded on applications for refugee and asylum status can be conceived of as a theoretical archive, physically boundless and spread across countries of origin, temporary host countries, and countries of resettlement. A postmodern-archivist lens helps to interrogate the implications of what Mireille Rosello calls the “problematic gap” separating what happened to a person and the narrative that is bureaucratically established during the application process; this article explores this “gap” by engaging fieldwork and scholarship from lawyers, field researchers, and humanitarians who critique how application narratives are recorded, processed, and preserved. It then turns to fiction from Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Dinaw Mengestu, and Imbolo Mbue that inhabits this “problematic gap,” reading a character in each text as personification of the processes of appraisal, institutional motives, and essentialization of identity. These texts make visible ways in which the application narrative archive operates through what the author calls an “autologic function” that prioritizes familiar forms of narratives while determining who is eligible for refugee status. In turn, the article proposes that these fictional illustrations of autologic processes might inform archival projects focused on inclusion of marginalized communities.
Fate of Crude Oil in the Environment and Remediation of Oil Spills
Authors: Iskander Lauren , Khalil Charbel Abou , Boufadel Michel C.
Published: March 2021

The world consumes approximately 5.1 billion tons of crude oil per year, with the United States and Saudi Arabia producing the largest shares [1]. Countries rely on various means for transporting crude oil [1, 2]. Large vessel/tankers transport oil at sea, while oil is transported inland via pipelines, railroads, trucks, and barges [2].

Unfortunately, some of the oil gets spilled into the ocean, freshwater bodies, and terrestrial ecosystems during its production, transportation, and use [3]. Usually, oil spills are caused by accidents involving tankers, barges, pipelines, refineries, drilling rigs, and storage facilities [3]. Small spills are frequent, but are handled by local responders. However, in the case of relatively large spills, known as spills of national significance, a national effort is needed to respond. Examples of large spills include the running aground of the Exxon Valdez in Alaska and the Deepwater Horizon blowout in the Gulf of Mexico. These spills triggered the application of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 and ensuing regulations [4-9].

When an oil spill reaches the shoreline, efforts are taken to remove as much of the oil as possible using physical means, such as water flushing [3]. When the oil content within sediments becomes too low, physical removal becomes inefficient and/or can lead to further damage [3]. In this situation, oil biodegradation, that is the degradation of oil mediated by microorganisms, becomes an important process to consider [10]. Beaches are bioremediated by monitoring and enhancing the biodegradation of oil. Critically understanding and analyzing oil biodegradation and remediation techniques allows for a better response by decision-makers.

This paper first addresses the general chemical composition of oils and then covers the different physical and natural processes that can remove crude oil from beaches, with a focus on bioremediation.