bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BENJAMIN GRAHAM ON BUFFER STOCKS
Authors: Woods J. E.
Published: June 2022

Surprisingly, Benjamin Graham, the acknowledged “Father of Value Investing,” considered his most important work to be the invention of the Commodity Reserve Currency Plan during the 1930s and 1940s. Previous studies of the Plan have overlooked the fact that, of its three main components (buffer stocks, price stability, and currency backing), Graham regarded the first as the most important and the other two as “secondary” or “subsidiary.” By focusing on the buffer-stock aspect, we demonstrate, first, the breadth and depth of Graham’s overall conception in terms of both micro- and macroeconomics, and, second, the considerable overlap with John Maynard Keynes’s ideas developed around the same time, which are manifested particularly in their common conclusion that the inefficiency of commodity markets could be rectified only by government intervention. We also comment on Perry Mehrling’s assessment of Graham as “not any kind of economist at all” (JHET2011).
Subantarctic Mode Water Variations in the Three Southern Hemisphere Ocean Basins During 2004–2019
Authors: Wang Ran , Nan Feng , Yu Fei , Wang Bin
Published: June 2022

Subantarctic mode water (SAMW) variations and their forcing mechanisms in the three Southern Hemisphere ocean basins are studied using Argo data and reanalysis products during the 2004–2019 period. In the Indian and Pacific Oceans, SAMW is characterized by potential vorticity (PV) minimums lower than 0.5 × 10−10 m−1 s−1. In the Atlantic Ocean, the PV minimum is generally lower than 1 × 10−10 m−1 s−1. The variations in SAMW thickness are significantly correlated with changes in the mixed layer depth (MLD) and show large differences among different ocean basins. The winter MLD in the Indian Ocean SAMW formation region is significantly positively correlated with the local wind stress curl (correlation coefficient = 0.61; 95% confidence level). In the Pacific and Atlantic SAMW formation regions, the variations in the winter MLD have significant negative correlations with the buoyancy flux; the correlation coefficients reach −0.57 and −0.67 (95% confidence level), respectively. These different mechanisms of the MLD variations in SAMW in the three ocean basins are related to the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) variation in winter. During positive (negative) SAM index periods, a strong positive (negative) wind stress curl anomaly occurs in association with a meridionally asymmetric westerly wind anomaly distribution. This phenomenon results in a corresponding MLD anomaly over the Indian Ocean SAMW formation region. In the Pacific and Atlantic SAMW formation regions, a negative (positive) westerly wind anomaly induces buoyancy gain (loss), leading to mixed layer shallowing (deepening) during positive (negative) SAM periods.
Machine Learning Applied to a Modern‐Pleistocene Petrographic Data Set: The Global Prediction of Sand Modal Composition (GloPrSM) Model
Authors: Johnson J. Isaac , Sharman Glenn R. , Szymanski Eugene , Huang Xiao
Published: June 2022

Petrography has long been used as a tool to decipher the sedimentary provenance of sand and sandstone based on relative proportions of detrital grain types. However, there is not yet a predictive framework that constrains the relationship between sand grain composition and the factors that influence it, including bedrock lithology, elevation, slope, basin area, precipitation, and temperature. We used a globally extensive modal point‐count data set of 3,522 Pleistocene to modern sand samples to train an inline series of random forest meta‐estimators to predict relative abundances of quartz (Q), feldspar (F), and lithic (L) grain types and eight subcompositions. The trained random forest models were fit to a global data set of fluvial watersheds to produce the global prediction of sand modal composition (GloPrSM) model which predicts Q‐F‐L of fluvially transported sediment. GloPrSM predicts quartz enrichment in low latitudes (35°N to 35°S), feldspar enrichment near plutonic and metamorphic crystalline terranes in middle to high latitudes, and lithic enrichment near modern and ancient collisional plate boundaries and flood basalts. Our analyses reveal that slope, temperature, and the relative abundance of exposed metamorphic and felsic to intermediate plutonic rocks are the most important predictors of Q‐F‐L composition. In addition, temperatures higher than 15°C and large drainage areas appear to promote quartz enrichment, while steeply sloping environments favor lithic enrichment. The GloPrSM model represents the first global‐scale estimate of fluvial sand compositional modes and illustrates that the spatial distribution of Q‐F‐L at Earth's surface can be predicted from the first‐order factors that generate sediment.
Temporal Effects of Monsoon Rainfall Pulses on Plant Available Nitrogen in a Chihuahuan Desert Grassland
Authors: Brown Renée F. , Sala Osvaldo E. , Sinsabaugh Robert L. , Collins Scott L.
Published: June 2022

Drylands are often characterized by a pulse dynamics framework in which episodic rain events trigger brief pulses of biological activity and resource availability that regulate primary production. In the northern Chihuahuan Desert, growing season precipitation typically comes from monsoon rainstorms that stimulate soil microbial processes like decomposition, releasing inorganic nitrogen needed by plant processes. Compared to microbes, plants require greater amounts of soil moisture, typically from larger monsoon storms predicted to become less frequent and more intense in the future. Yet field‐based studies linking rainfall pulses with soil nutrient dynamics are rare. Consequently, little is known about how changes in rainfall patterns may affect plant available nitrogen in dryland soils, particularly across temporal scales. We measured daily and seasonal responses of soil inorganic nitrogen and related parameters to experimentally applied small frequent and large infrequent rain events throughout a summer growing season in a Chihuahuan Desert grassland. Contrary to long‐standing theories around resource pulse dynamics in drylands, nitrogen availability did not pulse following experimental rain events. Moreover, large infrequent events resulted in significantly less plant available nitrogen despite causing distinct pulses of increased soil moisture availability that persisted for several days. Overall, nitrogen availability increased over the growing season, especially following small frequent rain events that also stimulated some microbial ecoenzymatic activities. Our results suggest that projected changes in climate to fewer, larger rain events could significantly impact primary production in desert grasslands by decreasing plant available nitrogen when soil moisture is least limiting to plant growth.
LDL receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), a novel target for opening the blood-labyrinth barrier (BLB)
Authors: Shi Xi , Wang Zihao , Ren Wei , Chen Long , Xu Cong , Li Menghua , Fan Shiyong , Xu Yuru , Chen Mengbing , Zheng Fanjun , Zhang Wenyuan , Zhou Xinbo , Zhang Yue , Qiu Shiwei , Wu Liyuan , Zhou Peng , Lv Xinze , Cui Tianyu , Qiao Yuehua , Zhao Hui , Guo Weiwei , Chen Wei , Li Song , Zhong Wu , Lin Jian , Yang Shiming
Published: June 2022

Inner ear disorders are a cluster of diseases that cause hearing loss in more than 1.5 billion people worldwide. However, the presence of the blood-labyrinth barrier (BLB) on the surface of the inner ear capillaries greatly hinders the effectiveness of systemic drugs for prevention and intervention due to the low permeability, which restricts the entry of most drug compounds from the bloodstream into the inner ear tissue. Here, we report the finding of a novel receptor, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), that is expressed on the BLB, as a potential target for shuttling therapeutics across this barrier. As a proof-of-concept, we developed an LRP1-binding peptide, IETP2, and covalently conjugated a series of model small-molecule compounds to it, including potential drugs and imaging agents. All compounds were successfully delivered into the inner ear and inner ear lymph, indicating that targeting the receptor LRP1 is a promising strategy to enhance the permeability of the BLB. The discovery of the receptor LRP1 will illuminate developing strategies for crossing the BLB and for improving systemic drug delivery for inner ear disorders.
Automated recognition of pain in cats
Authors: Feighelstein Marcelo , Shimshoni Ilan , Finka Lauren R. , Luna Stelio P. L. , Mills Daniel S. , Zamansky Anna
Published: June 2022

Facial expressions in non-human animals are closely linked to their internal affective states, with the majority of empirical work focusing on facial shape changes associated with pain. However, existing tools for facial expression analysis are prone to human subjectivity and bias, and in many cases also require special expertise and training. This paper presents the first comparative study of two different paths towards automatizing pain recognition in facial images of domestic short haired cats (n = 29), captured during ovariohysterectomy at different time points corresponding to varying intensities of pain. One approach is based on convolutional neural networks (ResNet50), while the other—on machine learning models based on geometric landmarks analysis inspired by species specific Facial Action Coding Systems (i.e. catFACS). Both types of approaches reach comparable accuracy of above 72%, indicating their potential usefulness as a basis for automating cat pain detection from images.
Combining ability and gene action for yield improvement in kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) under tropical conditions through diallel mating design
Authors: Al-Mamun Md , Rafii Mohd Y. , Misran Azizah Binti , Berahim Zulkarami , Ahmad Zaiton , Khan Md Mahmudul Hasan , Oladosu Yusuff
Published: June 2022

Nine morphologically distinct kenaf genotypes were hybridized to produce 36 hybrids following a half diallel mating design. The combining ability and gene action of 15 yield and yield components were assessed in hybrids and their parents across two environments. Except for the mid diameter and plant height traits, there were highly significant differences (p ≤ 0.01) between the environments and the interaction of genotype and environment. Additive gene effects were considerable for the inheritance of these traits, and the expression of these additive genes was heavily influenced by the environment. Significant differences were found for all studied traits for GCA except top diameter and SCA except plant height and top diameter, implying the presence of both additive and non-additive gene action for the inheritance of the concerned characters. For all features except top diameter and number of nodes, the magnitude of GCA variation was significantly higher than that of SCA variance, indicating the additive gene's predominance. The parental lines P1, P3 and P4 were outstanding general combiners for fiber yield and yield-related parameters. Considering combining ability and genetic analysis study, the crosses P1 × P4, P1 × P9, P2 × P3, P2 × P5, P4 × P6, P4 × P7, P4 × P9, P5 × P8, and P7 × P9 were found promising for their heterotic response to higher fiber yield, stick yield, seed yield and could be for future improvement in kenaf breeding programmes.
Maximum entropy models provide functional connectivity estimates in neural networks
Authors: Lamberti Martina , Hess Michael , Dias Inês , van Putten Michel , le Feber Joost , Marzen Sarah
Published: June 2022

Tools to estimate brain connectivity offer the potential to enhance our understanding of brain functioning. The behavior of neuronal networks, including functional connectivity and induced connectivity changes by external stimuli, can be studied using models of cultured neurons. Cultured neurons tend to be active in groups, and pairs of neurons are said to be functionally connected when their firing patterns show significant synchronicity. Methods to infer functional connections are often based on pair-wise cross-correlation between activity patterns of (small groups of) neurons. However, these methods are not very sensitive to detect inhibitory connections, and they were not designed for use during stimulation. Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) models may provide a conceptually different method to infer functional connectivity. They have the potential benefit to estimate functional connectivity during stimulation, and to infer excitatory as well as inhibitory connections. MaxEnt models do not involve pairwise comparison, but aim to capture probability distributions of sets of neurons that are synchronously active in discrete time bins. We used electrophysiological recordings from in vitro neuronal cultures on micro electrode arrays to investigate the ability of MaxEnt models to infer functional connectivity. Connectivity estimates provided by MaxEnt models correlated well with those obtained by conditional firing probabilities (CFP), an established cross-correlation based method. In addition, stimulus-induced connectivity changes were detected by MaxEnt models, and were of the same magnitude as those detected by CFP. Thus, MaxEnt models provide a potentially powerful new tool to study functional connectivity in neuronal networks.
Using deep learning to detect digitally encoded DNA trigger for Trojan malware in Bio-Cyber attacks
Authors: Islam M. S. , Ivanov S. , Awan H. , Drohan J. , Balasubramaniam S. , Coffey L. , Kidambi S. , Sri-saan W.
Published: June 2022

This article uses Deep Learning technologies to safeguard DNA sequencing against Bio-Cyber attacks. We consider a hybrid attack scenario where the payload is encoded into a DNA sequence to activate a Trojan malware implanted in a software tool used in the sequencing pipeline in order to allow the perpetrators to gain control over the resources used in that pipeline during sequence analysis. The scenario considered in the paper is based on perpetrators submitting synthetically engineered DNA samples that contain digitally encoded IP address and port number of the perpetrator’s machine in the DNA. Genetic analysis of the sample’s DNA will decode the address that is used by the software Trojan malware to activate and trigger a remote connection. This approach can open up to multiple perpetrators to create connections to hijack the DNA sequencing pipeline. As a way of hiding the data, the perpetrators can avoid detection by encoding the address to maximise similarity with genuine DNAs, which we showed previously. However, in this paper we show how Deep Learning can be used to successfully detect and identify the trigger encoded data, in order to protect a DNA sequencing pipeline from Trojan attacks. The result shows nearly up to 100% accuracy in detection in such a novel Trojan attack scenario even after applying fragmentation encryption and steganography on the encoded trigger data. In addition, feasibility of designing and synthesizing encoded DNA for such Trojan payloads is validated by a wet lab experiment.
Influence of sintering temperatures on microstructure and electrochemical performances of LiNi0.93Co0.04Al0.03O2 cathode for high energy lithium ion batteries
Authors: Park Hye-Jin , Sim Seong-Ju , Jin Bong-Soo , Lee Seung-Hwan , Kim Hyun-Soo
Published: June 2022

In this study, we present a method for synthesizing Ni-rich LiNi0.93Co0.04Al0.03O2 (NCA) with a high-energy cathode material by the solid-phase method. The sintering temperature plays a very important role in the electrochemical performance of the LiNi0.93Co0.04Al0.03O2 since it affects the crystallinity and structural stability. Therefore, various sintering temperatures (660 °C/690 °C/720 °C/750 °C/780 °C/810 °C) are studied to get optimum electrochemical performances. The electrochemical performance of LiNi0.93Co0.04Al0.03O2 sintered at 720 °C shows the highest discharge capacity of 217.48 mAh g−1 with excellent Coulombic efficiency of 87.84% at 0.1 C. Moreover, the LiNi0.93Co0.04Al0.03O2 sintered at 720 °C exhibits excellent rate-capability (181.1 mAh g−1 at 2.0 C) as well as superior cycle stability (95.4% after 80 cycles at 0.5 C). This is because optimized sintering temperature leads to good structural stability with low cation disorder and residual lithium content.
Identification of selection signatures in Iranian dromedary and Bactrian camels using whole genome sequencing data
Authors: Khalkhali-Evrigh Reza , Hedayat Nemat , Ming Liang , Jirimutu
Published: June 2022

The Old World camels play an important role as one of the main food sources in large parts of Asia and Africa. Natural selection combined with artificial selection by human has affected parts of the domestic animal genome for adapting them to their habitats and meeting human needs. Here, we used whole genome sequencing data of 34 camels (including 14 dromedaries and 20 Bactrian camels) to identify the genomic signature of selection in the Iranian dromedary (ID) and Bactrian camels (IB). To detect the mentioned regions, we used two methods including population differentiation index (Fst) and cross-population extended haplotype homozygosity (XP-EHH) with 50 kb sliding window and 25 kb step size. Based on gene ontology analysis on the candidate genes identified for IB camels, we found GO terms associated with lung development, nervous system development, immune system and behavior. Also, we identified several genes related to body thermoregulation (ZNF516), meat quality (ANK1 and HSPA13), and high-altitude adaptation (OPA1) for IB camels. In the list of detected candidate genes under selection in ID camels, the genes related to energy metabolism (BDH1), reproduction (DLG1, IMMP2L and FRASI), long-term memory (GRIA1), kidney (SLC12A1), lung development (EMILIN2 and FBN1) and immunity (SOCS2, JAK1, NRROS and SENP1) were found. Our findings, along with further studies in this field, will strengthen our knowledge about the effect of selection on the camelid genome under different geographical, climatic and even cultural conditions.
LSH-GAN enables in-silico generation of cells for small sample high dimensional scRNA-seq data
Authors: Lall Snehalika , Ray Sumanta , Bandyopadhyay Sanghamitra
Published: June 2022

A fundamental problem of downstream analysis of scRNA-seq data is the unavailability of enough cell samples compare to the feature size. This is mostly due to the budgetary constraint of single cell experiments or simply because of the small number of available patient samples. Here, we present an improved version of generative adversarial network (GAN) called LSH-GAN to address this issue by producing new realistic cell samples. We update the training procedure of the generator of GAN using locality sensitive hashing which speeds up the sample generation, thus maintains the feasibility of applying the standard procedures of downstream analysis. LSH-GAN outperforms the benchmarks for realistic generation of quality cell samples. Experimental results show that generated samples of LSH-GAN improves the performance of the downstream analysis such as feature (gene) selection and cell clustering. Overall, LSH-GAN therefore addressed the key challenges of small sample scRNA-seq data analysis.
Nickel-catalyzed para-selective carboxylation of phenols with CBr4/MeOH
Authors: Tu Guangliang , Ju Guodong , Huang Zhibin , Ji Shun-Jun , Zhao Yingsheng
Published: June 2022

1,10-Phenanthroline-assisted, Ni(ii)-catalyzed para-carboxylation of phenol derivatives is reported.
A nickel(ii)-catalyzed enantioselective all-carbon-based inverse-electron-demand Diels–Alder reaction of 2-pyrones with indenes
Authors: Zhang Fangqing , Ren Bing-Tao , Liu Yangbin , Feng Xiaoming
Published: June 2022

An asymmetric IEDDA reaction of 2-pyrones with indenes catalyzed by a chiral N,N′-dioxide/Ni(OTf)2 complex has been disclosed to construct highly functionalized hexahydrofluorenyl bridged-lactone scaffolds in high yields and ee.
Dentigerous cyst accompanied by a calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor: a case report
Authors: Kurup Rashmi J. , Gomes Sherman , Sodhi Amandeep , Telkar Swaroop R. , Shetty Pritham N.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) is a rare benign, but locally infiltrating neoplasm which accounts for less than 1% of all other odontogenic tumors. The tumor is often associated with impacted teeth and is twice as prevalent in the mandible. Dentigerous cysts are developmental odontogenic cysts, commonly manifesting in the second and third decades of life. A greater incidence in men than in women with a ratio of 1.6:1 and 61.4% associated with impacted or unerupted teeth. Observation: A 17-year-old Indian male reported to the hospital with an asymptomatic lesion associated to an impacted lower first molar with the presence of radiopaque entity inside. The radiological differential diagnosis was calcifying odontogenic tumor, adenomatoid odontogenic tumor and dentigerous cyst. The lesion was completely enucleated under general anesthesia and was sent for histopathologic examination. Discussion: Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) is a rare benign odontogenic neoplasm derived from epithelial tissue, forming 0.4–3.0% of all intraosseous odontogenic tumors. A dentigerous (follicular) cyst is a developmental odontogenic cyst usually attached to the crown of an unerupted tooth lined by reduced enamel epithelium. Conclusion: The patient is still under follow-up and has not shown any signs of recurrence in past 8 months after surgery.
Ewing’s sarcoma of the mandibular condyle in a young adult: a rare case report
Authors: Kudva Adarsh , Kumar Mathangi , Nayak Deepak , Sankaran Mridula
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Ewing’s sarcoma is a malignant, small, round, blue-cell tumour with metastatic potential that usually occurs in older children and young adults. Its occurrence in the jawbones is exceedingly rare and even rarer the in mandibular condyle. This case is being reported due to the extreme unique imaging finding of Ewing’s sarcoma arising in the mandible in a young male. Observation: A 22-year-old healthy male presented with a complaint of a progressive swelling in his right preauricular region. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a hyperintense lesion with the right ramus with loss of fat planes. True cut biopsy and histopathological examination of the lesion was suggestive of Ewing’s Sarcoma. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the diagnosis. Discussion: The most common presenting symptom of Ewing’s sarcoma in the head and neck region is a rapidly growing expansile mass along with pain, paraesthesia, and visual disturbances often mimicking odontogenic infections. Higher imaging modalities play a major role in the evaluation of the extent of the lesion and diagnosis. Conclusion: Prompt and pertinent treatment planning is critical for appropriate and timely management.
Directional separation of nonmetallic inclusions from copper melt reinforced by supergravity
Authors: Song Gaoyang , Wang Zhe , Song Bo , Guo Zhancheng , Zhao Shuo , Sun Xiaolin , Guo Tonglai
Published: June 2022

An emerging method of supergravity fields was introduced to separate nonmetallic inclusions from liquid copper. The copper melt containing oxide inclusions was treated via solidification at a certain cooling rate under different gravity fields, and the separation effect and moving behavior of inclusion particles were investigated systematically. The results show that the occurrence of oxide inclusions floating toward the top of the sample rapidly was intensified by the supergravity field, and some oxide inclusions can be absorbed in the covering slag. The oxygen content in the melt is significantly reduced after treatment with supergravity, and the separation effect can be greatly improved by increasing the gravity coefficient G. The separation efficiency of inclusions is only 38.43% under a normal gravity field (G = 1), whereas the separation efficiency can reach 90.11% after treatment in a supergravity field of G = 308. Moreover, the separating velocity of particles obtained by theoretical calculations increases greatly with an increasing gravity coefficient. The particle moving velocity in the direction of supergravity agrees well with Stokes velocity calculated via Stokes’ law.
Impact of key parameters on the iron ore pellets roller screening performance
Authors: Andrade Alexandre Gonçalves , Beaudin Steve , Athayde Maycon
Published: June 2022

The roller screening process is an important step in the iron ore pellets production. This step is intrinsically linked to the balling production and the induration machine. Improvements to the equipment performance not only promotes benefits to the plant’s productivity, but also in the final product’s quality. Several parameters influence the equipment’s performance, impacting directly or indirectly the screening ratio (ton/m2 of open screen area). The objective of this work is to provide information regarding the key parameters influencing the roller screening performance through practical expertise and literature review, due to the lack of studies related to this important equipment. It is a review manuscript describing the screen variables and its impact on the iron ore pelletizing process.
Radiologie im Wandel: Remote Scanning als Lösung gegen den
Fachkräftemangel
Authors: Quinsten Anton S. , Bontke Beate , Saur Annette
Published: June 2022

In den letzten Jahren wird nicht nur auf Kongressen im kollegialen Austausch
immer öfter und mehr ein einziges Thema und die Lösung dieses
Problems diskutiert: Der Fachkräftemangel im Bereich der MTRA und die
damit verbundenen Probleme. In diesem Artikel wird das Remote Scanning als
neuartiger Lösungsansatz detailliert vorgestellt. Das Remote Scanning
ist eine Möglichkeit, dem derzeit vorherrschenden
Fachkräftemangel entgegenzuwirken.
Neuroendokrine Tumoren – von der morphologischen zur
funktionellen Bildgebung
Authors: Ilhan Harun , Schnitzer Moritz Ludwig , Rübenthaler Johannes
Published: June 2022

Im Rahmen der Primärabklärung von neuroendokrinen Tumoren (NET)
kommen neben der Ultraschalldiagnostik die Computertomografie und die
Magnetresonanztomografie zum Einsatz. Je nach Verfügbarkeit stellt
darüber hinaus die funktionelle Bildgebung mittels Szintigrafie bzw.
Single-Photon-Emissionscomputertomografie (SPECT) und
Positronenemissionstomografie (PET) eine obligate Untersuchungsmethode
für die Abklärung von NET dar.
Safety and effectiveness of underwater cold snare resection without submucosal injection of large non-pedunculated colorectal lesions
Authors: Yen Andrew W. , Leung Joseph W. , Koo Malcom , Leung Felix W.
Published: June 2022

Background and study aims Adverse events are uncommon with cold snaring, but cold techniques are generally reserved for lesions ≤ 9 mm out of concern for incomplete resection or inability to mechanically resect larger lesions. In a non-distended, water-filled lumen, colorectal lesions are not stretched, enabling capture and en bloc resection of large lesions. We assessed the effectiveness and safety of underwater cold snare resection (UCSR) without submucosal injection (SI) of ≥ 10 mm non-pedunculated, non-bulky (≤ 5 mm elevation) lesions with small, thin wire snares.

Patients and methods Retrospective analysis of an observational cohort of lesions removed by UCSR during colonoscopy. A single endoscopist performed procedures using a small thin wire (9-mm diameter) cold or (10-mm diameter) hybrid snare.

Results Fifty-three lesions (mean 15.8 mm [SD 6.9]; range 10–35 mm) were removed by UCSR from 44 patients. Compared to a historical cohort, significantly more lesions were resected en bloc by UCSR (84.9 % [45/53]; P = 0.04) compared to conventional endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) (64.0 % [32/50]). Results were driven by high en bloc resection rates for 10– to 19-mm lesions (97.3 % [36/37]; P = 0.01). Multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders showed en bloc resection was significantly associated with UCSR compared to conventional EMR (OR 3.47, P = 0.027). Omission of SI and forgoing prophylactic clipping of post-resection sites did not result in adverse outcomes.

Conclusions UCSR of ≥ 10 mm non-pedunculated, non-bulky colorectal lesions is feasible with high en bloc resection rates without adverse outcomes. Omission of SI and prophylactic clipping decreased resource utilization with economic benefits. UCSR deserves further evaluation in a prospective comparative study.
Association between endoscopic pressure study integrated system (EPSIS) and high-resolution manometry
Authors: Fujiyoshi Yusuke , Inoue Haruhiro , Shimamura Yuto , Fujiyoshi Mary Raina Angeli , de Santiago Enrique Rodriguez , Nishikawa Yohei , Toshimori Akiko , Tanabe Mayo , Sumi Kazuya , Ono Masashi , Iwaya Yugo , Ikeda Haruo , Onimaru Manabu
Published: June 2022

Background and study aims The endoscopic pressure study integrated system (EPSIS), a novel diagnostic tool for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), allows evaluation of the anti-reflux barrier using endoscopy by monitoring the intragastric pressure (IGP) during insufflation. In this study, we evaluated the association between EPSIS results and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) function measured by high-resolution manometry (HRM) to elucidate whether EPSIS can evaluate the LES function.

Patients and methods A retrospective, single-center study of patients with GERD symptoms who underwent endoscopy, pH-impedance monitoring, EPSIS, and HRM was conducted. The primary outcome was basal LES pressure and the secondary outcomes were end-respiratory LES pressure and integrated relaxation pressure (IRP). As EPSIS parameters, the following were measured: 1) pressure difference (mmHg), the difference between maximum and basal IGP; and 2) pressure gradient (mmHg/s), calculated by dividing pressure difference by the insufflating time. Pressure difference < 4.7 mmHg or pressure gradient < 0.07 mmHg/s was defined as an EPSIS GERD pattern.

Results Forty-seven patients (median age: 53 years, 37 female) were analyzed. Pressure difference and pressure gradient significantly correlated with basal LES pressure (ρ = 0.29; P = 0.04 and ρ = 0.29; P = 0.04). Patients with EPSIS GERD pattern showed significantly lower basal LES pressure [13.2 (4.8–26.6) vs 25.3 (10.4–66.7) mmHg, P = 0.002], lower end-respiratory LES pressure [8.5 (1.1–15.9) vs 15.5 (1.9–43.9) mmHg, P = 0.019] and lower IRP [5.9 (1.0–12.0) vs 9.8 (1.3–17.8) mmHg, P = 0.020].

Conclusions This study showed a close association between EPSIS results and LES pressures measured by HRM. This indicates that EPSIS can evaluate the LES function during endoscopy and endorse the role of EPSIS as a diagnostic tool for GERD.
Aktiv Gesundheitskompetenz fördern – Essenziell für die Therapie
Authors: Kemper Claudia
Published: June 2022

Patient*innen mit Bandscheibenvorfall, die nicht wissen, was Bandscheiben sind. Oder solche mit Kniearthrose, die sich der Bedeutung von Bewegung nicht bewusst sind, und jene mit Nackenschmerzen, die den Einfluss von beruflichem Stress unterschätzen. Das erleben Physiotherapeut*innen täglich, und es spiegelt wider, was Studien seit längerem dokumentieren: einen deutlichen Mangel an Gesundheitskompetenz in Deutschland.
Entwicklungen in der Diagnostik und Planung der Therapie bei der Apert-Hand
Authors: Piza-Katzer Hildegunde
Published: June 2022

Auf die Notwendigkeit einer frühzeitigen Korrektur von Apert-Händen für die Gesamtentwicklung des Kindes wurde mehrfach bereits in der älteren Literatur hingewiesen. Dennoch bestehen weiterhin Unsicherheiten hinsichtlich des Zeitpunktes der ersten Operation und auch bezüglich deren Umfang. Erfolgten früher nach Abschluss der Fingertrennung keine regelmäßigen Kontrollen mehr, wissen wir heute, dass es im Laufe des Wachstums zu knöchernen Veränderungen an Apert-Händen kommt, die regelmäßige Kontrollen und ggf. Revisionsoperationen erfordern. Betroffene Eltern benötigen von Beginn an eine umfassende Aufklärung über ein klares und zeitlich effizientes Therapiekonzept. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt unser aktuelles Therapiekonzept.
Der Apert-Fuß: Anatomische Veränderungen, Klassifikation und Überlegungen zur Operation
Authors: Piza-Katzer Hildegunde , Mandici Sandra , Ramach Wolfgang
Published: June 2022

Diagnostik und Therapie des Apert-Fußes sind in der Literatur nur spärlich behandelt. Dieser Artikel beschreibt anatomische Veränderungen von 30 Apert-Füßen (15 Patienten). Anhand der Analyse von Röntgen- und CT-Bildern wurden 5 Schweregrade der Knochenveränderungen identifiziert und daran orientiert Therapieempfehlungen entwickelt.
Kooperationsvertrag: Gemeinsame Sache
Authors: Heeser Alexandra
Published: June 2022

Charité und BG Klinikum Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin (ukb) haben am 11. Mai einen Kooperationsvertrag unterzeichnet mit dem Ziel, die Zusammenarbeit im klinischen und wissenschaftlichen Bereich zu regeln.
Rechtskolumne: OP darf am Folgetag stattfinden
Authors: Rybak Christian
Published: June 2022

Einer der häufigsten Streitpunkte zwischen Krankenhaus und Krankenkasse ist die Verweildauer eines Patienten. Gerade bei abendlichen Krankenhausaufnahmen kann es vorkommen, dass ein Patient, der kein akuter Notfall ist, erst am Folgetag operiert wird – ohne zwischenzeitlich nach Hause entlassen zu werden. Das Landessozialgericht Hamburg stellte klar: In diesen Fällen aufgeschobener Dringlichkeit muss weder der Patient nach Hause geschickt noch eine Operation nach 22 Uhr durchgeführt werden.
Personalakquise: Blinddate mit Jobaussicht
Authors: Heeser Alexandra
Published: June 2022

Die jüngste Befragung der Bremer Arbeitnehmerkammer zeigt, dass sich auch Arbeitgeber etwas einfallen lassen müssen, um Pflegepersonal zu finden und zu binden. Das Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring in Berlin-Zehlendorf ist bekannt für seine ungewöhnlichen Wege.
Praxisnahe Ausbildung: Neue Formen des Lernens
Authors: Kucera Martin
Published: June 2022

Medizinstudium und Pflegeausbildung bieten bisher wenig Möglichkeiten, vermitteltes Wissen in der realen Krankenhausumgebung so anwenden zu können, dass sich aus eigenen Fehlern lernen lässt. Dabei bieten sich immer mehr Methoden, den Theorie-Praxistransfer realitätsnah zu gestalten, ohne dabei Patientenleben zu gefährden.
Pb-free halide perovskites for solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and photocatalysts
Authors: Jiang Pingping , Acharya Debdipto , Volonakis George , Zacharias Marios , Kepenekian Mikaël , Pedesseau Laurent , Katan Claudine , Even Jacky
Published: June 2022

Metal halide perovskites have recently emerged as one of the most promising classes of semiconductors for various applications, especially in the field of optoelectronics. Lead-based halide perovskite materials, virtually unexploited for decades, have become prominent candidates due to their unique and intrinsic physicochemical and optical properties. Current challenges faced by the scientific community to capitalize on the properties of Pb-based perovskites are mainly associated with environmental concerns due to the toxicity of Pb and their poor stability. Under this context, over recent years, a number of new Pb-free halide perovskite (and perovskite-like) semiconductor classes have been introduced. This Perspective reviews recent developments in Pb-free halide perovskites, which specifically target their application in solar cells, light-emitting devices, and photocatalysts. Each type of Pb-free material is paired with a specific optoelectronic application, and the latest record performances are reported. Although these materials do not yet exhibit as attractive intrinsic optoelectronic properties as the Pb-based halide perovskites, their potential as alternatives for well-suited applications is discussed.
Limited genetic structure detected in sugar gliders (
Authors: Knipler Monica , Dowton Mark , Mikac Katarina
Published: June 2022

Arboreal gliders are vulnerable to habitat fragmentation and to barriers that extend their glide distance threshold. Habitat fragmentation through deforestation can cause population isolation and genetic drift in gliding mammals, which in turn can result in a loss of genetic diversity and population long-term persistence. This study utilised next generation sequencing technology to call 8784 genome-wide SNPs from 90 sugar gliders (Petaurus breviceps) sensu stricto. Samples were collected from 12 locations in the Lake Macquarie Local Government Area (New South Wales). The sugar gliders appeared to have high levels of gene flow and little genetic differentiation; however spatial least cost path analyses identified the Pacific Motorway as a potential barrier to their dispersal. This Motorway is still relatively new (<40 years old), so man-made crossing structures should be erected as a management priority to mitigate any long-term effects of population isolation by assisting in the dispersal and gene flow of the species.
Conception rate according to antral follicle count and oestrus expression in Nelore cows submitted to timed artificial insemination
Authors: Moraes Fábio Lucas Zito de , Bonato Denis Vinicius , Souza Ana Clara Canto , Morotti Fábio , Seneda Marcelo Marcondes
Published: June 2022

Context Antral follicle count (AFC) has been related to bovine fertility and response to reproductive biotechnologies, but its relationship to oestrus expression during timed artificial insemination (TAI) is not known. Aims This study evaluated the relationship between the AFC and oestrus expression in regard to the conception rate in beef cows that received an ovulation synchronisation protocol for TAI. Methods Multiparous Nelore cows up to 40 days postpartum were evaluated by an ultrasound to determine the AFC, and were classified into low (≤15 follicles; n = 150), intermediate (≥19 and ≤26 follicles; n = 150) and high count (≥30 follicles; n = 150). AFC evaluation was performed on a random day of the oestrous cycle (Day 0). The animals received a conventional TAI protocol based on progesterone and oestradiol benzoate. On Day 8, the animals received cloprostenol, equine chorionic gonadotrophin and oestradiol cypionate, in addition to a painting in the sacrococcygeal region. On Day 10, TAI was performed, and oestrus expression was evaluated and classified as high, low or absent, according to the removal of paint. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed by ultrasound 30 days after TAI. The data were analysed using a generalised linear model and a binary logistic regression model (P < 0.05). Key results Regardless of AFC, a high proportion of cows showed high oestrus expression (low 61.3%; intermediate 67.3% and high 58.7%) at the end of the TAI protocol. The conception rate was influenced by AFC (low 69.3% vs high 56.7%; P = 0.04) and oestrus expression (high oestrus: 67.3% vs no oestrus: 45.4%; P = 0.003). In addition, an interaction (P = 0.008) between AFC and oestrus expression showed that low AFC cows and high oestrus expression had the highest conception rate to TAI. Conclusion AFC and oestrus expression classification influenced the conception rate of Nelore cows in the TAI programme. In addition, the interaction of AFC with oestrus expression revealed that the best conception rate was observed in females with low AFC that expressed high-intensity oestrus. Implications The associated assessment of AFC and oestrus expression represents a strategy to increase the conception rate in TAI programmes in cattle.
Impact of targeted wording on response rates to a survey of general practitioners on referral processes for suspected head and neck cancer: an embedded randomised controlled trial
Authors: Venchiarutti Rebecca L. , Tracy Marguerite , Clark Jonathan R. , Palme Carsten E. , Young Jane M.
Published: June 2022

Introduction Low response rates to surveys can lead to non-response bias, limiting generalisability of findings. When survey topics pertain to uncommon conditions, the decision of general practitioners (GPs) to complete a questionnaire may be swayed by the perceived relevance of the questionnaire content to their practice. Aim To explore whether targeted wording of a questionnaire for GPs about head and neck cancer referral patterns affects response rates. Methods A randomised controlled trial was embedded into a larger survey on referral practices for head and neck cancer among GPs in New South Wales, Australia. GPs were randomly allocated to receive versions of the study material with explanatory text written using either a ‘symptom-frame’ or a ‘cancer-frame’; however, the questions and responses were the same in both groups. Results The overall response rate was 10.9% (196/1803). The response rate to the ‘cancer-frame’ version was 10.6% and 11.1% for the ‘symptom-frame’ version. After adjusting for practice location and GP gender, the difference in response rate based on wording was not significant (difference 0.5% [95%CI: −2.4, 3.4%]). A sub-analysis showed that GPs practicing in regional New South Wales were more likely to respond to the survey compared to those practicing in metropolitan New South Wales, independent of the intervention group or participant sex (AOR 1.61 [95%CI: 1.12, 2.31]; P = 0.01). Discussion The wording ‘frame’ of the survey did not appear to impact response rates in a survey of referral practices for suspected head and neck cancer; however, the significantly higher response rate from regional GPs warrants further investigation as to whether the content was considered more salient to their practice.
Multiplex Detection of Antibody Landscapes to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)/Influenza/Common Human Coronaviruses Following Vaccination or Infection With SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza
Authors: Li Zhu Nan , Liu Feng , Jefferson Stacie , Horner Lauren , Carney Paul , Johnson Michael D L , King Jennifer P , Martin Emily T , Zimmerman Richard K , Wernli Karen , Gaglani Manjusha , Thompson Mark , Flannery Brendan , Stevens James , Tumpey Terrence , Levine Min Z
Published: June 2022

Background

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza viruses continue to co-circulate, representing 2 major public health threats from respiratory infections with similar clinical presentations. SARS-CoV-2 and influenza vaccines can also now be co-administered. However, data on antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 and influenza coinfection and vaccine co-administration remain limited.

Methods

We developed a 41-plex antibody immunity assay that can simultaneously characterize antibody landscapes to SARS-CoV-2/influenza/common human coronaviruses. We analyzed sera from 840 individuals (11–93 years), including sera from reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)–confirmed SARS-CoV-2–positive (n = 218) and –negative (n = 120) cases, paired sera from SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (n = 29) and infection (n = 11), and paired sera from influenza vaccination (n = 56) and RT-PCR–confirmed influenza infection (n = 158) cases. Last, we analyzed sera collected from 377 individuals who exhibited acute respiratory illness (ARI) in 2020.

Results

This 41-plex assay has high sensitivity and specificity in detecting SARS-CoV-2 infections. It differentiated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (antibody responses only to spike protein) from infection (antibody responses to both spike and nucleoprotein). No cross-reactive antibodies were induced to SARS-CoV-2 from influenza vaccination and infection, and vice versa, suggesting no interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza antibody responses. However, cross-reactive antibodies were detected between spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and common human coronaviruses that were removed by serum adsorption. Among 377 individuals who exhibited ARI in 2020, 129 were influenza positive; none had serological evidence of SARS-CoV-2/influenza coinfections.

Conclusions

Multiplex detection of antibody landscapes can provide in-depth analysis of the antibody protective immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in the context of other respiratory viruses, including influenza.
Morphometric, histological and immunohistochemical study of the His bundle in humans and other animal species
Authors: Gomez-Torres FA , Rios Navarro C , Ortega M , Bodi V , Ruiz-Sauri A
Published: June 2022

Funding Acknowledgements

Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): This work was supported by “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” and “Fondos Europeos de Desarrollo Regional FEDER” (grant numbers PI20/00637 and CIBERCV16/11/00486) and Conselleria de Educación – Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/2021/008).

Introduction

The His bundle is responsible for transmitting the electrical impulse from the atria to the ventricles where it connects with the Purkinje cells in both normal and abnormal hearts. The aim of this study was to perform a morphometric analysis of His bundle characteristics of in humans, dogs, horses and pigs and compare them in these studied species.

Methods

We analyzed five hearts of human male adults, five male pig hearts, five hearts from male horses and five hearts of male dogs. Histological sections of 5 μm thickness were obtained and stained with hematoxylin–eosin and Masson’s trichrome; the desmin and periodic acid–Schiff methods were also used for precise identification of cells.

Results

The His bundle was found to be longer in horses (2.85 ± 1.02 mm) and pigs (1.77 ± 0.9 mm) than in dogs (1.53 ± 0.8 mm) or humans, in which it was shortest (1.06 ± 0.6 mm). The area and diameters in His bundle cells, were significantly larger in pigs and horses than in humans (p < 0.001) or dogs (p < 0.001). We found two organizational patterns of His bundle components: group I, with large cells and a high amount of collagen fibers in ungulates (pigs and horses); and group II, with smaller cells and lower abundance of collagen fibers in humans and dogs.

Conclusions

Determining morphometrically cell size variations in the His bundle allows us not only to identify this bundle by histological or anatomical location but also to differentiate these cells from others such as nodal or Purkinje cells. Our analysis revealed that His bundle cells have discrete identities based on their morphometric and histological characteristics.