bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ESPIRALES, TEJIDOS Y SABERES DE OTRO MODO DESDE LAS MUJERES KANKUAMAS EN RIOHACHA, COLOMBIA
Authors: Parra Yolanda , Gutiérrez Montero Saray
Published: November 2024

Este trabajo es un aporte a la consolidación de las epistemologías desde Abya Yala, con el propósito de vincular las discusiones del aula y el quehacer pedagógico en la Licenciatura de Etnoeducación e Interculturalidad de la Universidad de La Guajira en Colombia, con las dinámicas comunitarias de los Pueblos. La propuesta incluye el reconocimiento de la espiritualidad, como manifestación de los saberes ancestrales de las mujeres kankuamas, que desde su “ConoCSentir” han dado lugar a prácticas de la vida cotidiana desde las cuales afrontar los silencios históricos y los miedos originados por la violencia epistémica y espiritual perpetuada históricamente en sus territorios ancestrales. La metodología se teje a partir de la articulación entre la autobiografía, la fenomenología hermenéutica y la Matriz “TerritorioCuerpoMemoria” como referente epistémico que da cuenta del “cuerpo vivido, el espacio vivido y el tiempo vivido”. Este abordaje metodológico tiene como propósito reconocer las subjetividades e interacciones que consideran la naturaleza como sujeto de derecho, a la vez que propone nuevas rutas metodológicas que incorporen en los currículos escolarizados los conocimientos que subyacen en prácticas ancestrales que como el tejido y el “pagamento1”, se constituyen en anclaje del cuidado y crianza de la vida. Son entonces esas prácticas situadas en los “TerritorioSCuerpo” y los “CuerpoSMemoria” que dan cuenta del cuidado del cuerpo físico, espiritual y comunitario, las que han permitido desde la experiencia docente e investigativa de las autoras, presentar al final de este texto las espirales didácticas en cuanto expresión concreta de los “lenguajes, los lugares y los tiempos “de la memoria de las mujeres kankuamas.
ANIMADANCES E A ESTÉTICA DE FIXAÇÃO EM ANIMAÇÕES INFANTIS NO YOUTUBE
Authors: Recuero Rebs Rebeca , Chies Luiza
Published: November 2024

Busca-se compreender a relação entre os elementos estéticos e compositivos de Animadances no Youtube com o fator de fixação destas obras no público infantil. Parte-se da noção da hibridização do processo de Animação com a estética da Mediadance, como conformadora de Animadances. Assim, realizou-se uma observação de Animadances infantis e aplicou-se um questionário em responsáveis por crianças, visando compreender a interação do público com as obras a partir da ação de seus elementos compositivos e sua possível ação de fixação no universo infantil. Como resultados, percebeu-se o uso de padrões técnicos e estéticos nestas Animadances capazes de propulsionar a sua visualização no ciberespaço.
BRECHT: POESIA DO EXÍLIO
Authors: Redondo Tercio
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo versa sobre a poesia de Brecht produzida nos anos de exílio, contando com uma nova tradução de 12 poemas, além de traduções já publicadas de outros três. A seleção do material privilegiou fundamentalmente dois temas: de um lado, a luta antifascista nas condições impostas pelo exílio e, de outro, o fenômeno da indústria cultural, com relevo para Hollywood. Figuram nessa poesia as múltiplas dificuldades vividas pelo refugiado, tanto na vida pessoal e doméstica quanto no trabalho artístico e na militância política.
GESTO SOCIAL NAS OBSERVAÇÕES DE WALTER BENJAMIN SOBRE BRECHT
Authors: Castro Maria Eduarda
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho analisa o procedimento do gestus, ou do “gesto social”, encontrado no teatro épico de Bertolt Brecht, sob o ângulo da filosofia de Walter Benjamin e de sua concepção de uma dialética em estado de “imobilidade” (Dialektik im Stillstand). O artigo se interessa pela evolução, na obra de Benjamin, dessa compreensão de dialética, que se aproxima cada vez mais, a partir da elaboração de seu Trabalho das Passagens, dos pressupostos do materialismo histórico de Marx.
BRECHT E A MEDIDA DAS DISTÂNCIAS
Authors: Pasta Jr. José Antonio , Carvalho Sérgio de , Castro Maria Eduarda
Published: November 2024

A entrevista com José Antonio Pasta Jr. reavalia seu livro Trabalho de Brecht, uma das mais importantes reflexões sobre a obra de Brecht já escritas no Brasil. Publicado pela primeira vez em 1986, o livro faz um uso original do método dialético ao debater a dimensão clássica almejada pelo poeta alemão, compreendida nos termos de uma "classicidade de combate", que conecta a história ao presente, e que tem conexões com a experiência brasileira.
UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DE ESTUDO E BUSCA SOBRE O QUE É A ATUAÇÃO ÉPICA
Authors: Brauer Laura
Published: November 2024

Este texto apresenta a trajetória pessoal da autora em seu processo de estudo e pesquisa sobre a prática brechtiana, com o objetivo de contribuir para a compreensão do livro "Sobre a profissão do ator" de Bertolt Brecht e do teatro épico brechtiano em geral, para público interessado em investigar essa proposta na prática.
ARTE E PALHAÇARIA
Authors: Editoria A
Published: November 2024

Apresentação do conteúdo desta edição, com dados e comentários a respeito dos textos.
SER PROFESSOR DE ARTE
Authors: Romano de Andrade Carolina , Ferreira de Lima Sidiney Peterson
Published: November 2024

O artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre a disciplina “A Experiência Artística e a Prática do Ensino de Artes na Escola”, ministrada pelos autores no ProfArtes/IA-Unesp-SP, em 2019. O texto destaca a importância de trazer os conflitos que emergiram durante o processo e como esses momentos foram importantes para a conformação, estruturação e reinvenção da proposta de formação colocada em prática com os estudantes-professores durante a disciplina.
POR UMA DRAMATURGIA HISTÓRICO-ARQUETÍPICA
Authors: Baumgartel Stephan
Published: November 2024

A partir de um resgate dos procedimentos de formação e de uma reflexão sobre as discussões estéticas e poéticas presentes nas oficinas de dramaturgia, sob coordenação de Luís Alberto de Abreu, nos anos 90, este texto situa as práticas de Abreu como oficineiro e reflete sobre o seu possível legado para núcleos atuais de dramaturgia. Esse legado é avaliado para além das pedagogias de orientação dramatúrgica como um posicionamento híbrido perante o tempo histórico em que dramaturgos, artistas da cena e público se vêm inseridos e que se traduz por um lado numa defesa de uma atitude arquetípica humanista ante os problemas sociais apresentados como formais no interior da dramaturgia, e por outro lado se traduz em procedimentos paradramáticos, no sentido de aceitar e utilizar como contexto da forma dramática num enfoque aristotélico, mas para introduzir nela microestruturas (de personagem, de narrativa, de modos de enunciação, de espacialidade cênica, etc.) que não se encaixam nem numa dramaturgia entendida como drama moderno burguês nem nos procedimentos chamados pós-dramáticos, exatamente por sua origem numa poética de estruturas arquetípicas.
POÉTICA DA AUDIODESCRIÇÃO MEDIANDO A PERFORMANCE DA CENA CLOWN COM STOP MOTION E TEATRO DE SOMBRAS
Authors: Cerejeira Thiago de Lima Torreão , Fernandes Alves Jefferson
Published: November 2024

As proposições artísticas que estabelecem interconexões com as tecnologias evidenciam a recorrência do tecnovívio na cena contemporânea. Misturas inusitadas entre formas animadas como o stop motion e o teatro de sombras associadas à cena teatral podem resultar em linguagens híbridas que oferecem ao espectador uma experiência de fruição estética muito peculiar, e ainda mais instigante, se considerada a perspectiva da tradução intersemiótica da audiodescrição para espectadores com deficiência visual, conduzindo à reflexão acerca de se a potência da palavra conseguirá ser mediadora da poética visual de um espetáculo que congregue a performance e as articulações entre corpo e formas animadas.
ANNIE FRATELLINI, LIBERDADE DE MÃE PARA FILHA
Authors: Fratellini Valérie , Goudard Philippe , Pimenta Daniele
Published: November 2024

Este texto traz, após uma breve introdução sobre Annie Fratellini, uma entrevista realizada recentemente com Valérie Fratellini, sua filha. Valérie foi parceira de trabalho de Annie, em cena e, atualmente, dirige a escola criada por Annie e Pierre Étaix, a Académie Fratellini. A entrevista aborda questões como a transmissão de saberes, no âmbito familiar e na Académie; a relação pessoal e profissional entre as duas; além de discussões sobre gênero e feminismo.
PELA LENTE DA CIÊNCIA
Authors: Leonardo Mancini  , Maria Duarte
Published: November 2024

O artigo propõe um itinerário ao interno do movimento criativo e intelectual que precedeu e acompanhou a formulação da Antropologia Teatral por Eugenio Barba, a partir dos primeiros anos da década de 1980. Desenvolvida no âmbito da ISTA (International School of Theatre Anthropology) como uma nova disciplina plural e intercultural para o estudo da presença do ator, partindo de premissas culturais diversas e direcionadas para múltiplas direções e interesses, a Antropologia Teatral ofereceu ao diretor italiano, junto com seus colaboradores e companheiros de pesquisa, uma nova plataforma de discussão e de confronto. Investigando a riqueza de perspectivas introduzida por Barba através do estudo dos materiais preservados no Odin Teatret Archives, o artigo examina múltiplas fontes de pesquisa científica e cultural que constituíram, ao lado do fundamental trabalho com os atores, uma parte importante da aventura criativa de Barba.
Editorial: Exploring globally relevant issues in business: Sustainability, employee well-being and human resource management, gender and leadership opportunities, digital transformation, implications for higher education.
Authors: Wilmshurst Trevor D.
Published: November 2024

In this issue, there is a diverse selection of research papers embracing a variety of corporate governance issues of importance and embracing issues under scrutiny in many parts of the world as implementation is considered. A variety of approaches to data collection and methodology are discussed and would be particularly useful to a researcher considering an approach. The papers besides offering insights also identify further research possibilities and possible extensions into other areas. Aspects of sustainability are discussed including thinking about the adoption of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs). Aspects of employee well-being and female participation in leadership are explored. Innovative management and digital adoption in higher education are addressed. In sum, a number and variety of thoughtful papers are well worth reading and thinking seriously about the issues raised
Conflictos internos municipales en la provincia de Córdoba = Internal municipal conflicts in the province of Córdoba
Authors: Tissera Federico
Published: November 2024

En el presente estudio se aborda la temática relativa a los conflictos internos de poderes en el ámbito municipal, suscitados entre los organismos que integran el gobierno local. Se inicia con un
tratamiento aspectos preliminares relativos a la organización estadual bajo la que se establecen los parámetros bajo los que se desenvuelven institucionalmente los municipios en la Provincia de Córdoba.
Tras ello, se analiza, en el marco de nuestra legislación provincial, al conflicto de poderes como género, para luego abordar específicamente los conflictos internos municipales, precisando los aspectos sustanciales que los definen y las diversas modalidades que pueden adoptar en la realidad jurídico- política local. Finalmente, se estudian las cuestiones procesales que los regulan, cuál es el procedimiento necesario para encauzarlos, y cuáles son las posibles impugnaciones que pueden articularse una vez sentenciado el asunto.
 
ABSTRACT: This study addresses the issue of internal power conflicts in the municipal sphere, arising between the agencies that make up the local government. It begins with a treatment of preliminary aspects related to the state organization under which the parameters are established under which the municipalities in the Province of Córdoba develop institutionally. After that, it is analyzed, within the framework of our provincial legislation, the conflict of powers as a gender, to thenspecifically address internal municipal conflicts, specifying the substantial aspects that define them and the various modalities that they can adopt in the legal-political reality. local. Finally, the procedural issues that regulate them are studied, what is the necessary procedure to channel them, and what are the possible challenges that can be articulated once the matter has been sentenced.
Proyecto Soleum
Authors: Leiva Dalmas Nicolás A.
Published: November 2024

Soleum es un proyecto de mediano a largo plazo, que pretende realizar una trazabilidad de la energía generada mediante fuentes renovables, su transporte y distribución, y la monetización o tokenización a fin de acrecentar el camino de transición sustentable de fuentes de energías.Es un sistema de vinculación de Energías Renovables con una Blockchain pública, mediante el cual se crea un token, minado en una etapa futura, exclusivamente mediante la utilización de energía del sector renovable para impulsar proyectos de generación de energía renovable mediante el voto tokenizado.
Análisis del negocio de desarrollo, construcción y comercialización de un edificio en altura financiado mediante venta de tokens inmobiliarios
Authors: Bernis Mario Agustín
Published: November 2024

La democratización de la inversión, criptomonedas, tokenización, son todos conceptoscada ves mas usuales en el vocabulario de la gente común. Ha a dejado de ser un tema de especialistas para volverse una realidad tangible para la mayoría. Por otra parte, la industria de la construcción representa uno de los pilares de la mayoría de las economías del mundo, y en países como el nuestro, con inestabilidad económicaconstante, históricamente es un importantísimo refugio de valor para nuestros ahorros. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo desarrollar una posible conexión entre ambos, enfocándonos en, por un lado, obtener una fuente de financiación alternativa para sostener esta industria y a su vez permitir a que los ahorristas accedan a una inversión inmobiliaria con valores de ingreso mínimos, permitiendo que todos puedan acceder.
Token
Authors: Riba Mateo
Published: November 2024

Los tokens juegan un rol fundamental en la tecnología blockchain, existiendo diferentes tipos a partir de las propiedades que posean y de su fundamento de valor. En la actualidad, se presentan diferentes taxonomías y propiedades para los tokens, sin un consenso claro entre los países con respecto a su clasificación. Es en la etapa de diseño de la blockchain y su token donde se definen los atributos y el propósito fundamental del mismo, aspectos determinantes para la durabilidad y valor del proyecto. Hoy en día, la tecnología blockchain es una realidad y se presentan diferentes casos de aplicación de la misma, con diferencias en sus propiedades y razones de aplicabilidad.
Aplicación de Blockchain y smart contracts en la compra-venta de vehículos usados
Authors: Oddone Jorge
Published: November 2024

La compra-venta de vehículos usados en nuestro país se realiza con protocolos y procedimientos del siglo pasado, el presente trabajo explora la potencialidad de Blockchain y Smart contracts para incorporar soluciones a esta realidad.
Introducción a la filosofía en la formación docente inicial de la provincia de La Rioja
Authors: Bussone Iván A.
Published: November 2024

En la provincia de La Rioja, en el presente año se está llevando a cabo un proceso de actualización de los Diseños Curriculares de carreras de Profesorados que forman para el nivel secundario. Esta actualización responde a los lineamientos plasmados en la Resolución del CFE N° 24/07. La construcción de un diseño curricular implica una selección cultural, un “recorte” de aquellos saberes que se consideran relevantes para -el caso particular que nos compete- la formación docente inicial. En este sentido: ¿Cuáles son los criterios para seleccionar esos saberes? ¿Conviene incluir saberes filosóficos? ¿Cuáles son las contribuciones de la Filosofía a la formación docente inicial? ¿Conviene agrupar dichos contenidos en una unidad curricular que tenga el carácter de disciplina filosófica? En caso de una unidad curricular como “Filosofía” o “Introducción a la filosofía”, ¿cuál es la mejor opción para su organización y desarrollo? Estas y otras preguntas exigen una respuesta para justificar la importancia de la presencia de la Filosofía en la formación inicial de profesorados.
Sostenemos que la inserción de la unidad curricular Filosofía en la formación de los docentes posee un carácter instrumental y propedéutico, además del formativo propio. El saber filosófico posee características particularmente apropiadas para favorecer la autonomía intelectual, promoviendo la problematización, reflexión, discusión y compresión. Tiene como fin potenciar, en el estudiante, la capacidad crítica de los saberes tanto como la oportunidad de integrar los mismos en un complejo entramado de ideas, en permanente construcción, fundados en torno a dos cuestiones: la pregunta por el hombre (problema antropológico) y la pregunta por el conocimiento (problema gnoseológico), reservando la cuestión ética para la unidad “Ética y deontología docente”.
Tokens criptográficos: criptoactivos, evolución conceptual, naturaleza jurídica y medio de pago
Authors: Schmidt Walter C.
Published: November 2024

En los últimos diez años la doctrina ha ido evolucionando en los conceptos y la clasificación que se hacía de criptoactivos. Así se ha pasado del concepto de criptomonedas al de tokens de pago. Se ha generado una clasificación general de tokens. Alcanzar la naturaleza jurídica del criptoactivo es uno de los desafíos doctrinarios para poder luego aplicar las normas del ordenamiento jurídico. En el trabajo se determina que el token de pago es un bien inmaterial, que es un medio de pago. En el caso del bitcoin se lo debe considerar como una divisa al igual que el dólar estadounidense.
Cuando perdemos el poder sobre nuestro dinero. Nociones de ciberseguridad en la empresa familiar
Authors: Burgueño María Raquel
Published: November 2024

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo generar conciencia dentro de las empresas familiares sobre las vulnerabilidades, amenazas y exploits que se observan en el ecosistema de las comunicaciones electrónicas y particularmente en el patrimonio digital que tanto pymes como empresas familiares han venido construyendo desde el surgimiento de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC). Así como en el plano analógico las pymes y empresas familiares han sabido resguardar celosamente secretos industriales, fórmulas de elaboración de productos y modelos de gestión de procesos, en el universo digital es preciso afianzar conductas relativas a los Sistemas de Gestión de la Seguridad de la Información, aprendiendo a desarrollar Políticas de Seguridad de la misma, sensibilizar a directivos, empleados, proveedores y clientes consumidores y fortalecer los aspectos técnicos con herramientas específicas de ciberseguridad. El daño reputacional por exfiltración de sus bases de datos -con la consecuente pérdida de información y datos personales de clientes y consumidores- será otra de las nuevas temáticas a abordar en los tiempos venideros, máxime frente a la realidad imperante en la que el cibercrimen se erige en la actualidad como la tercera economía a nivel global.
Sobre los convenios y su regulación normativa: aspectos prácticos y sistemáticos de su tramitación en los gobiernos regionales y del control de legalidad
Authors: Robledo Rodríguez Alejandro
Published: November 2024

Este artículo examina los aspectos normativos y prácticos de la tramitación de convenios en los Gobiernos Regionales chilenos, con un enfoque en el control de legalidad ejercido por la Contraloría General de la República (CGR). A través del análisis de los Convenios Mandato y Convenios de Transferencia, se destacan las diferencias jurídicas y las responsabilidades asociadas a la gestión de recursos públicos. Además, se aborda el uso de sistemas de gestión documental como FLOKSU, DOCDIGITAL y SGDOC, que facilitan la trazabilidad y auditoría de los convenios. El artículo también explora la importancia de la probidad administrativa y la rendición de cuentas, sustentada por una serie de dictámenes de la CGR. Finalmente, se discuten los distintos tipos de fondos involucrados en los convenios, incluyendo los Fondos Tradicional Privado, Público, de Interés Regional y de Interés Regional de Interés Local.
How I Approach Ethical Considerations for Pediatric Phase I CAR T-cell Trials
Authors: Peters Sarah W. , Silbert Sara , Holland Elizabeth M. , Rid Annette , Rouce Rayne H. , Grady Christine , Shah Nirali
Published: November 2024

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells have shown remarkable promise in
children, adolescents and young adults with B-cell malignancies. Such
outcomes have shifted expectations for all phase I CAR T-cell trials to
be equally successful. The juxtaposition of high expectations, uncertain
outcomes, and potential for life-threatening toxicities raises unique
ethical challenges. To aid patients and providers considering enrollment
on early phase CAR T-cell trials, we discuss: (1) considerations for
enrollment of pediatric patients, (2) understanding trial intent and
expectations, (3) weighing risks and benefits, (4) considerations for
informed consent discussions, (5) post CAR T-cell therapy expectations,
and (6) barriers to access.
A case study: Thermophysics characterization of tropical soils extracted in the horizons HA and HB
Authors: Bento Antonio , Picolloto Angela Maria , Kuritza Danilo , Baesso Mauro Luciano , Zanuto Vitor Santalela , Cezar Everson , Nanni Marcos R.
Published: November 2024

Thermal Wave Interferometry (TWI) technique was used to access the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of soils with sandy and clayey textures from Paraná land, specifically from horizons HA (5 to 25 cm) and HB (25 to 76 cm). Experimental setup involved focusing white light on soil samples in titanium wells (100-1200 μm thick), modulated at frequencies from 0.6 to 45 Hz. Results showed that sandy soils had higher thermal diffusivity and conductivity than clayey soils. Open Photoacoustic Cell (OPC) also measured the thermal diffusivity, while TWI determined thermal conductivity ranged from 0.3 to 1 Wm⁻¹K⁻¹, and thermal diffusivity from 1 to 9 x 10⁻⁷ m²/s. Specific heat was measured using Non-Adiabatic Thermal Relaxation Calorimetry (NATRAC), revealing values between 820 to 920 J/kg·K for HA soils and 940 to 1140 J/kg·K for HB soils. Gravimetric measurements provided soil particle and bulk density data.
Osteoprotegerin, Osteopontin, and Osteocalcin Are Associated With Cardiovascular Events in Type 2 Diabetes: Insights From EXSCEL
Authors: Maddaloni Ernesto , Nguyen Maggie , Shah Svati H. , Holman Rury R.
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the association of four bone metabolism biomarkers (osteoprotegerin, osteopontin, sclerostin, and osteocalcin) with cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The Exenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering (EXSCEL) was a randomized clinical trial evaluating the cardiovascular (CV) safety and efficacy of once-weekly exenatide for patients with T2D. Candidate biomarker data were selected from proteomic profiling performed at baseline and 12 months after randomization samples by SomaScan assay in 5,473 trial participants. The primary composite outcome was the first occurrence of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke (major cardiovascular events [MACE]). Cox proportional hazards models controlling for confounders were used for time-to-event analyses to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CI for a 1 SD increase in the biomarker concentrations.

RESULTS

The primary outcome occurred in 813 participants (14.9%). Higher levels of osteoprotegerin (HR 1.11; 95% CI 1.03–1.20; P = 0.0047) and osteopontin (HR 1.10; 95% CI 1.02–1.18; P = 0.0095) were associated with an increased risk of MACE. The addition of osteoprotegerin and osteopontin to a clinical predictive model containing traditional CV risk factors provided minimal incremental value for MACE prediction (C-index 0.629 vs. 0.638; likelihood ratio test P < 0.001). Osteocalcin and sclerostin were not associated with MACE. Osteocalcin had a nonlinear association with all-cause death and with CV death.

CONCLUSIONS

Higher levels of osteoprotegerin and osteopontin are associated with an increased risk of CV events in people with T2D, supporting the hypothesis that pathways involved in bone metabolism play a role in CV disease.
Exiles from Bohemian Lands in Estonia after 1620 and Their Publishing Activities
Authors: Vaculínová Marta , Viiding Kristi
Published: November 2024

Contacts between the inhabitants of the Bohemian lands and present-day Estonia in the early modern period have been relatively unexplored. In the 16th century, these were mainly individuals, such as Thomas Horner from Cheb, who lived and wrote in several places in present-day Estonia. However, the influx of exiles during the Thirty Years’ War marked a change. Most of them arrived in Estonia in the 1640s, leaving their mark in the local Estonian occasional print. Thomas Procopius is one example, as he published ribbing poetic broadsheets in Tallinn. Immigrants continued to arrive long after the end of the Thirty Years’ War; for example, Jiří Holík visited Tallinn several times and donated his printed horticultural works to the city council. Michael Sigismundi from Frýdlant, the author of a tribute to the Greek language and many occasional prints, was a professor and later rector of the Tallinn Gymnasium from 1677 to 1709. This article also provides information about Bohemical prints in Estonian libraries, including the first edition of a 1623 report by Friedrich Seidel, a member of Friedrich of Krekwitz’s envoy to the High Porte, and a unique print of one of the last theses of the Prague Utraquist University by Andreas Aquinas.
Samhandling og tre pressdimensjoner (PDIM-Y, -I og -T)
Authors: Torgersen Glenn-Egil , Sæverot Herner
Published: November 2024

Pressure can be experienced in different ways and can affect interaction processes differently, with its unique significance for educational practice. Pressure as a phenomenon has an interactive and interdependent nature and cannot therefore be defined in unambiguous and mutually independent terms. This makes analytical work on the importance of pressure difficult. As a contribution to enabling such studies, and at the risk of simplification, this chapter nevertheless introduces three theoretical types of pressure dimensions (PRESSDIM): external pressure (PDIM-Y), internal pressure (PDIM-I) and veiled or hidden pressure (PDIM-T). Educational theories can also act as a critical counterforce against the pressure.
Lov, lek og ledelse: Samspillet mellom organisasjonskultur og endring av pedagogisk praksis
Authors: Sundnes Hilde Kartveit , Jermstad Linnéa K.
Published: November 2024

The article offers critical perspectives on power dynamics and staff interactions in kindergartens, stemming from the implementation of laws regarding the psychosocial environment. The aim of this article is to shed light on the diverse interpretations of the term “offences” and how a literal interpretation of the law may lead to undesirable consequences. Specifically, premature intervention in children’s activities could inhibit their ability to resolve conflicts independently. The article also examines the extent to which staff are prepared to intervene when colleagues infringe upon the rights of children. To obtain answers to our survey, we used a qualitative method involving a digital questionnaire for directors of kindergartens and group interviews with teachers and assistants. Our findings reveal a varied understanding of the term “offences” and demonstrate that power dynamics significantly influence interactions and practical interpretations within kindergartens. In summary, facilitating substantial changes requires affording everyone involved the chance to gain knowledge, collaborate, promote transparency, and engage in open dialogue.
Ledelse av samhandling og skoleidentitet. Et nytt perspektiv på klasseledelse
Authors: Simonsen Inge-Ernald , Rundmo Torbjørn
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate students’ interaction and identity with school after entering upper secondary school. The indicators of interaction examined were students’ membership in groups at school, their social identity with the school, and their view of teachers’ social identity leadership. The results showed that interaction and school identity were positively related to students’ self-efficacy and school satisfaction. The study demonstrated the importance of teachers actively advancing students’ interaction as a group by managing group dynamics in the classroom to create social identification with the school, classmates and learning environment. The importance of self-efficacy and satisfaction for academic performance, mental health and school attendance was also discussed.
Grunnstrukturer i samhandlingsprosesser knyttet til elevmedvirkning
Authors: Flatås Robert Mjelde
Published: November 2024

The principle of student participation is strong in Norwegian schools and has as an important purpose to give the pupils the opportunity to participate. In the new Education Act, the school’s obligation to facilitate student participation will be enshrined in law. There is currently a limited knowledge base on student participation in general. The purpose of the chapter is to examine a veiled pressure on student participation. This is done in connection with the understanding and content of the concept of interaction and the significance this may have for the teacher’s practice. An overarching research goal will be to investigate the basic structures 1) agency (having control over one’s own life), 2) empowerment (empowering), and 3) interaction (equal relationships) as a basis for understanding student participation in school. In this context, three selected indicators for interaction are highlighted: reciprocity, trust and learning along the way. The study is based on a literature review of the three basic structures and an empirical material consisting of student reflections. A main finding is that teachers and leaders must work with student participation as a concept of interaction, which requires a redefinition of what student participation can be. Student participation is not only about the pupils being able to participate in their own learning, but also about how they are equipped and given the opportunity to participate in the academic and social learning of others. This will require an awareness that student participation is something that will have to be developed, exercised, and trained extensively in the school’s learning community.
ChatGPT i lærerutdanning: lærerprofesjonalitet i spenning mellom tradisjon og teknologisk utvikling. Tidlige betraktninger fra lærerutdannere
Authors: Jermstad Linnéa K. , Rønning Mads
Published: November 2024

This study explores the perspectives of six teacher educators on the application of the language model ChatGPT within the context of teacher professionalism in light of the indicators of learning, tool mastery, and ethical considerations. Through a qualitative approach based on semi-structured interviews, the study reveals both external and internal pressures for the inclusion of artificial intelligence in education. The external pressure is motivated by an increasing expectation of technological integration in the education sector, while the internal drive reflects a desire to further develop professional practice and digital competence. The results indicate a significant need for change work for the integration of AI technologies like ChatGPT, which includes the development of assessment norms and teaching methods. Furthermore, the findings highlight the importance of promoting teachers’ professional digital competence (PfDK) to include AI in a developmental and meaningful way for students and pupils. The study argues for the necessity of a critical and reflective approach to artificial intelligence in educational practice and emphasizes the importance of preparing teacher students for a future where AI is integrated into education. The study further contributes to the broader discourse on the role of technology in teacher professionalism and underscores how conscious use of technology can enhance teaching practices and professional development.
Skjermen som klasserom: utforsking av involvering i digital undervisning
Authors: Jermstad Linnéa K. , Holovchuk Svitlana
Published: November 2024

Historically, the school have served as a central physical environment for educational activities. In modern times, the traditional pedagogical model has faced increasing challenges and undergone significant changes due to the influence of external factors, notably digitization, especially the transition to online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic. Digital interaction tools and learning methods were swiftly deployed to meet these challenges. In this context, improvisation has become a central element in the interaction between teachers and students, serving as a crucial strategy to promote student involvement in educational practices. Confronted with global trends and crises, the teacher’s responsibility for student involvement has expanded significantly. Central to this context is the concept of “involvement” of students in the digital space, understood as digital architectures. This study explores the research question: How can we understand digital architectures as a framework for student involvement? To answer this question, we collected data through a qualitative online survey, inspired by a phenomenological approach, with 23 primary school teachers in the Bergen area responding. The results of the study were analyzed and discussed in light of Dewey’s theory and Merleau-Ponty’s philosophy of body phenomenology, the interaction model, and the theory of pressure. The indicator of “involvement” was presented in three themes: “Societal pressures for involvement in digital architectures,” “teacher’s facilitation of involvement,” and “experience of involvement.” The main findings of the study emphasize the need to strengthen digital contact and involvement between teacher and student in digital interactions, as well as the importance of recognizing and communicating the competence of students in the digital learning process.
Turledelse under press
Authors: Magnussen Leif Inge , Vold Thomas
Published: November 2024

The chapter analyses how the interaction between a tour leader or nature guide and their participants can be related to various practical and ideological conditions. Based on the tour leader’s assessment of participants and the tour as an arena for interaction, internal and external pressures or fields of tension that a nature guide must relate to. Based on Reid’s (1994) didactic model, it is shown that a nature guide’s dilemma can relate to different didactic phases, and through this represent important choices with regard to different ideologies. The nature guide’s assessment of participants can result in eight possible types of choice situations where ideological pressure can limit the space of deliberative action. The tensions, as clear dichotomies, can bring out nuances in a nature guide practice. Using dichotomous thinking (strictly speaking, a sliding scale) highlights opportunities for dialogue about what happens in the encounter with the participants. A shared understanding of the complexity of the interaction between tour leaders and between nature guides and participants can help to reduce perceived pressure to act and thereby also reduce the pressure that affects both thinking and action. Realizing a nature guide’s pedagogical room for maneuver in relation to participant assessment can reduce perceived pressure and open new pathways of action.
Kompleksitet under press?
Authors: Kvernbekk Tone
Published: November 2024

This chapter is a thought experiment concerning possible consequences of strong achievement pressures in school. Nobody should doubt the existence of such pressures, as for example demonstrated by the debates in the wake of the latest PISA results. My interest primarily lies in the illegitimate reduction of the complexity of educational practice and theory. Simplification is legitimate, because there are limits to how much complexity we can handle. Over-simplification is illegitimate, since it can lead to misrepresentation of phenomena and wrong-headed actions. I look at reduction of complexity in four topics: the role of randomness, understanding of causation, educational theory, and context. I argue for the significance of detours and explorations of roads less travelled, both in theory and practice.
«Jazz it up» I: press på improvisasjonsbegrepet – forpliktelse
Authors: Torgersen Glenn-Egil , Sæverot Herner
Published: November 2024

Improvisation has mainly been studied in music and drama. Previous research on improvisation, both by pedagogues and musicians, has been based on practical-aesthetic subject areas, especially the music genre jazz, and transferred to educational practice in general. The purpose of this chapter is to examine the significance of such a transfer: Can improvisation from musical theories and experiences be transferred to educational practice in school and upbringing? The analyzes are carried out on the premises of pedagogy and didactics, anchored in the didactic triangle, the form formation principle, and the concept of interaction. The possibilities and limitations in improvisation are examined via degrees of underlying factors in improvisation, illustrated with continuum scales. The main finding is that such a transfer cannot be done directly, and that previous practice may have acted as external and internal pressure, which may have limited the complexity and potential of improvisation as a pedagogical method. It may have inhibited the further development of improvisation as a general contribution to didactics and pedagogical practice. The experiences from music especially lack the inclusion of obligation and risk, something that every educational practice in school and upbringing is subject to, but which a jazz band does not need to take care of. A definition of “didactic improvisation” is introduced, which can also point the way for further research and pedagogical theory construction in this area.
«Jazz it up» II: press på improvisasjonsbegrepet – vågespill
Authors: Torgersen Glenn-Egil , Sæverot Herner
Published: November 2024

In the chapter “Jazz it up” I, we showed that there are different requirements for improvisation in teaching compared to a jazz band’s improvisation on stage. By transferring improvisation directly from jazz and drama to educational practice in schools, there is a danger that the didactic potential of improvisation is not identified and developed. Our definition of “didactic improvisation” includes both commitment, temporality and “Wagnis” as essential conditions and requirements for teaching with improvisation in school and education (chapter 22). In order to investigate more nuances and possibilities in improvisation in didactic contexts and significance for educational practice we draw on Jacques Derrida’s theory of time as well as Otto Friedrich Bollnow’s concept of “das Wagnis”. Here, the concept of improvisation is examined linked to the ability to respond to moments that arise immediately and unexpectedly. To concretise and contextualise Derrida’s and Bollnow’s terminology, we examine and analyse a case taken from a supervision situation in primary school, i.e., a supervision situation that suddenly appeared outside of the planned teaching. The main findings tell us that a teacher who finds himself in an improvised context with students has more to lose than a jazz musician. There is more at stake in a didactic context than there is on a music stage. This was the reason why we chose to use the concept of Wagnis (Norwegian: vågespill) rather than risk. Das Wagnis involves a possible defeat, which goes deeper into the existential territory than the defeat resulting from risk. While a jazz musician risks playing incorrectly, without significant existential defeat, the Wagnis, as a result of didactic improvisation, can lead to defeat on the existential level, not least for the students, but also for the teacher himself.
Improvisasjon som undervisningsmetode – en pedagogisk balansekunst
Authors: Norbye Ole Fredrik , Jermstad Linnéa K. , Stray Bernt Rune
Published: November 2024

This study explores the use of improvisation as a teaching method in higher music education, focusing on ensemble instruction. Drawing on qualitative data from a group interview with three experienced music educators, the research examines how three key indicators of collaboration – complementary competence, trust and openness, and involvement awareness – manifest in improvised teaching situations. The findings highlight the complexity and dynamics of improvised ensemble instruction. Complementary competence emerges as crucial for promoting learning, with teachers and students leveraging each other’s strengths. Trust, openness, and safety are identified as essential for creating an environment where experimentation and exploration can flourish. Involvement awareness is emphasized as key to maintaining student engagement and creating an inclusive learning environment. The study contributes to the understanding of didactic improvisation in music education and suggests potential applications in other educational contexts. It underscores the importance of balancing structure with spontaneity in teaching and offers insights into how educators can effectively employ improvisation to enhance learning outcomes and prepare students for the complexities of professional music careers.
Samhandling i lærerutdanningen: press mot pedagogisk praksis og samhandlingsteori
Authors: Berg Pernille Jahnsen , Asplin Anne Cathrine Hogsnes
Published: November 2024

Student teachers are exposed to the phenomena of interaction og “samhandling” in learning communities in pedagogical practice and in teacher education. This is an important framework for how they understand the phenomenon. Their experiences are often not aligned with interaction theory (“samhandlingsteori”) and mentors often ignore this fact. If new teachers are not prepared for the processes of samhandling, this can slow down the processes of integration in becoming teachers. This article explores the inner (internal), veiled (covert) and external pressures on interaction in teacher education pedagogical practice based on how students in two different teacher education programs experience the phenomenon of interaction in their education. Based on two cases, the workshop case and the inquiry case, this chapter highlights three of 15 categories of samhandling, analyzed within the framework of the content component of teaching, students and teaching experiences. This paper explores theory applications and the use of auxiliary assumptions to identify push factors that can help explain how the phenomenon of samhandling arises between the cases and between the cases’ practices and theories of samhandling. Proposed criteria for categorising pressures in the different dimensions are developed and tested, and we propose changes for both samhandling theories and teacher education. The goal is to be able to contribute to more samhandling-based teacher education within possibility-oriented learning communities for novice (beginner) teachers.
Nyutdannede lærere – fra forventninger til realiteter, samhandling mellom utdanningens risiko og muligheter
Authors: Marit Myklebust , Jokstad Gunnvi Sæle
Published: November 2024

The transition from higher education to professional life is experienced as both exciting and demanding for newly qualified teachers. The qualification the new graduates have obtained through the teacher’s education should equip them to practice their profession. Research shows that newly qualified teachers experience teaching as complex and demanding, and quite a few choose to leave the profession after a few years. The national mentoring scheme aims to support newly qualified teachers and ensure quality transition from education to professional life. This study focuses on the pressure newly qualified teachers face and views the empirical evidence in light of interaction theory. Through a qualitative survey, the expectations of teacher students and experiences of newly qualified teachers will be assessed. The results show that the teacher students feel confident in their own competence in individual subjects, but there is an uncertainty associated with mastering the complexity of teaching as a profession. The experiences of newly qualified teachers also reveal the same results. In addition, this study reveals a disconnect between formal competence in subjects and assigned tasks. This finding is interesting, and something we would like to address in teacher education. As shown in the survey with newly qualified teachers, this knowledge about the transition between education and professional life is valuable knowledge for the educators and should have consequences for the qualification of future teachers. This requires interaction between the various actors.
Samhandlingens betydning innen spesialpedagogikk – analyse av samhandlingsindikatorer
Authors: Kuginyte-Arlauskiene Ieva
Published: November 2024

This chapter provides exploration of interaction in special education, with a detailed analysis of interaction indicators and their implications for theory and practice in the field. Through an extensive literature review, the article examines recent research contributions to illuminate how indicators of collaboration are reflected in different special education contexts. This approach reveals the diverse practices and challenges that arise from learners’ special needs and highlights how the interaction between different actors within inclusive practices is crucial to the effectiveness and equity of education.By addressing both subjective perceptions of the educational process and the observable outcomes of interaction, the article contributes to a deeper understanding of the nature of interaction and its implications for special education practises. The research highlights interaction as a core element of effective special education strategies and demonstrates how educational policy and professional pressures are driving continuous change in the field.
Danning under tilslørt press: fra erfarende samhandling til instrumentell problemløsning
Authors: Stølen Tomas
Published: November 2024

The new Norwegian curriculum, called The Knowledge Promotion Reform (LK20), appears to give Bildung a more important place than previous curricula. This chapter argues that the concept of Bildung in LK20 is defined by a competing instrumental concept of problem-solving competence that puts interaction under pressure. The concept of competence expresses educational policy objectives of utility that are in tension with Bildung. As a result of this pressure, the curriculum emphasises Bildung as a subjective development process with the goal of a mastering individual. The chapter concludes with reflections on how we can proceed methodically to reveal this type of pressure.