bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN MEDIA FLIPBOOK BAGI GURU SMA MUHAMMADIYAH SE-DKI JAKARTA
Authors: Elvianasti Mega , Dharma Agus Pambudi
Published: November 2019

The service activities carried is training in making flipbook media for teachers in Muhammadiyah High Schools at DKI Jakarta. The partners of the service activities is Dikdasmen PWM DKI Jakarta. Based on the survey, interviews with the vice headmaster and the Secretary of the Primary and Secondary Education that there had never been a learning media training, especially flipbook and as many as 75% of teachers had never used flipbook media in learning. Based on these problems, the service activities offered offer comprehensive training starting from an understanding of media literacy, the importance of learning media, providing material about flipbook media, how to make flipbook media in accordance with the steps described and how to use flipbook media in learning. The service activity was held in January 2019. The target of the service activities was in the form of services and publications. The service coverage is in the form of material exposure regarding through flipbook media creation training. The steps taken in this service activity are : 1) Explained of material about media literacy, 2) Explained of material about learning media, 3) Explained of material about flipbook media, 4) Making flipbook media, 5) Application of flipbook media.Keywords: Education, learning media, flipbook
Improving the efficiency of implementation of national projects and state programs based on the implementation of project management principles
Authors: Голубев Сергей , Golubev Sergey , Елфимов Олег , Elfimov Oleg
Published: November 2019

The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to ensure rational spending of budget funds in the development and implementation of na­tional projects and state programs.

In the course of the conducted researches the purposes of introduction of principles of project management in the sphere of development and imple­mentation of national projects and state programs were defined, specifics of management of innovative projects at the industrial enterprises are opened, and also opportunities are revealed and expediency of use of project ap­proach at implementation of national projects and state programs is proved.

The use of project management in the development and implementation of national projects and state programs will save time and budget funds that are spent on their implementation, which will positively affect the growth of the efficiency of budget spending.
Features of operational-investigative characteristics of crimes related to misappropriation of budget funds and state extra-budgetary funds, posing a threat to the economic security of the state
Authors: Mищенко Леонид , Mischenko Leonid , Телицын Николай , Telicyn Nikolay
Published: November 2019

The article deals with the applied aspects of operational and investigative characteristics of crimes under articles 2851 and 2852 of the Criminal code of Russian Federation, which, due to the specifics of the subject of the wrong­ful act, pose a threat to the economic security of the state. Given the current theoretical approaches to the definition and content of the term and the cur­rent judicial and investigative practices the author provides the vision, the concept and structure of this characteristics as well as its content with the prevailing patterns of law enforcement practice activities units of economic security and anti-corruption of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation to ensure the economic security of the state.
PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG PENYAKIT YANG DAPAT DICEGAH DENGAN IMUNISASI PADA BAYI
Authors: Sari Husna , Hayati Erlina
Published: November 2019

Immunization is a program that deliberately introduces weak antigens to stimulate antibodies out so that the body can be resistant to certain diseases. Diseases that can be prevented by immunization are tuberculosis, tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis, polio, measles, and hepatitis B. This disease can cause death, morbidity, and disability, even if not treated optimally can be contagious and cause extraordinary events. The purpose of this study is to describe how the mother's Knowledge about diseases that can be prevented by immunization in infants. The design in this study was descriptive, using primary data obtained directly from respondents through a questionnaire. The population in this study were all mothers who had babies in the Veterans Region of Medan Estate Village Percut Sei Tuan Medan District by using a total sampling technique of 20 respondents. Data processing is done through the process of editing, coding, tabulating. The results showed that knowledge of mothers about diseases that can be prevented by immunization in dominant infants with sufficient knowledge was 14 people (70%). So it can be concluded that the mother's knowledge about diseases that can be prevented by immunization in infants is categorized as sufficient. It is hoped that with increasing knowledge, mothers will be more active in bringing their babies to the public health for immunization. Midwives and cadres are also expected to be more active in disseminating health information about diseases that can be prevented by immunization to residents, especially to mothers who have babies.
PENGELUARAN KOLOSTRUM DENGAN PEMBERIAN PERAWATAN PAYUDARA DAN ENDORPHIN MASSAGE PADA IBU POST SEKSIO SESAREA
Authors: Anuhgera Diah Evawanna , Panjaitan Eka Fitria , Pardede Desika Wali , Pardede Desika Wali , Ritonga Nikmah Jalilah , Damayanti Damayanti
Published: November 2019

Spending colostrum in post-cesarean section mothers is difficult in the first week postpartum. Efforts to overcome colostrum disruption can use non-pharmacological methods, namely breast care and endorphin massage. This study aims to determine the expenditure of colostrum by giving breast care and endorphin massage to post-cesarean mothers. This research is a quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent design posttest control group design. This research was carried out in the midwifery room of the second floor of Grand Medistra Lubuk Pakam Hospital during the June-July 2019 period. There were 48 participants selected using purposive sampling, with 18 assigned in breast care, endorphin massage and combination of breast care and endorphin massage. The time of spending colostrum expenditure is assessed every day while the amount of colostrum expenditure is assessed after intervening. Analysis of the data used is one-way Annova. The results showed that the combination of breast care and endorphin massage was the most effective action in the time of spending colostrum and the amount of colostrum with a value of p = 0,000. The combination of breast care and endorphin massage could be applied as an alternative therapy post-cesarean mothers
Kaynaştırma Uygulamasını Yürüten Öğretmenlerin Duygusal Emek ve Tükenmişlik Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KADAN Gül , ARAL Neriman
Published: November 2019

Eğitim bir toplumun geleceğinde oldukça önemli
bir yere sahiptir. Ancak bir toplumun geleceğinde, sadece eğitim tek başına bir
anlam ifade etmez. Aynı zamanda bu eğitim faaliyetlerini yerine getirecek öğretmenlerin
de, tutumu ve bilgisi bu süreçte önemlidir. Üstelik öğretmen sınıfında atipik
gelişim gösteren öğrencileri de içine alacak şekilde eğitim-öğretim
faaliyetlerini geliştirebilmelidir. Ancak öğretmenlerin atipik gelişim gösteren
öğrencileriyle çalışırken, aynı zamanda duygusal anlamda bir emek harcamaları
gerekebilir. Duygusal emek, öğretmenlerin eğitim faaliyetlerini yürütürken
kullandıkları duygu ve davranışları düzenleyebilme kapasitesi olarak
tanımlanmakla birlikte tükenmişliğe yol açabileceği de ifade edilmektedir.
Özellikle kaynaştırma uygulamasını yürüten öğretmenlerin duygusal emek
davranışlarını yoğun olarak kullanmaları sonucunda tükenmişliği de sıklıkla
yaşayabilecekleri düşünülebilir. Bu düşünceden hareketle araştırmada,
kaynaştırma uygulamasını yürüten öğretmenlerin duygusal emek ve tükenmişlik
düzeylerinin bazı değişkenlere göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını belirlemek ve
duygusal emek ile tükenmişlik düzeyleri arasında ilişki olup olmadığını
saptamak amaçlanmıştır. Tanımlayıcı olarak gerçekleştirilen araştırma,
Çankırı İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü’ne bağlı olan ilk ve ortaöğretim düzeyinde,
sınıfında kaynaştırma öğrencisi olan 70 öğretmenle gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Araştırma için etik kurul onayı Çankırı İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü’nden alınmış,
alınan etik kurul onayından sonra okullara gidilerek çalışmanın amacı okul
yönetici ve öğretmenlerine anlatılmış, araştırmaya katılmayı gönüllü olarak
kabul eden öğretmenlerle çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak
“Genel Bilgi Formu”, “Duygusal Emek Ölçeği” ve “Tükenmişlik Ölçeği”
kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya dahil edilen öğretmenlerin %50’si kadın, %50’si
erkek, %42,9’u 21-30 yaş grubunda, %31,4’ü 16 yıl ve üzeri kıdeme sahipken,
%64,3 öğretmenin sınıfında zihinsel yetersizliğe sahip öğrenci bulunmaktadır.

Araştırma sonucunda cinsiyetin, yaşın, mesleki
kıdemin, kaynaştırma öğrencisinin yetersizlik türünün duygusal emek ölçeğinin
bazı alt boyutlarında, medeni durumun, kaynaştırma öğrencisinin yetersizlik
türünün ise tükenmişlik ölçeğinin duyarsızlaşma alt boyutunda anlamlı
farklılığa neden olduğu görülürken, duygusal emek ve tükenmişlik ölçeğinin alt
boyutları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Araştırmadan elde edilen
sonuçlara bağlı olarak, kaynaştırma uygulamasını yürüten öğretmenlerin daha çok
desteklenmesi, öğretmenlere özel eğitim konusunda hizmet içi eğitimlerin
verilmesi ve var olan uygulamaların etkililiğinin arttırılması önerilebilir.
What Does It Mean To Be A Montessori Teacher And Why Is It Preferred?
Authors: DEĞİRMENCİ Gizem Yağmur , KAYMAZ KÜÇÜK Çiğdem , DEMİRCİOĞLU Haktan
Published: November 2019

Teachers have
great importance as children and parents in the education system. Studies
investigating teachers' views in methods other than traditional teaching
methods are valuable sources of the method. In this study, it is aimed to
reveal why teachers prefer to be a Montessori teacher rather than a teacher in
a traditional classroom and what it means to be a Montessori teacher. Five
teachers, aged 23 to 56, were enrolled in the study, which included children
from different countries in Vilnius, Lithuania, and who worked in the
Montessori school. The criteria for inclusion in the study group include
working in Vilnius Montessori Preschool and becoming a certified Montessori
teacher. Five teachers from the study group received the Montessori trainer
certificate from the Montessori Teacher Trainer for Woodlands Training Center. The
fact that the school was an international school was considered to be a good
example of Montessori's universal definition of children. The main questions of
the research are why teachers prefer to be Montessori teachers rather than
teachers in a traditional classroom and what it means for them to be Montessori
teachers. In this context, research has been carried out by qualitative
research methods phenomenological design. The evaluation tools used in the
research are the General Information Form and the Structured Interview Form
consisting of 10 open-ended questions developed by the researchers who can
clearly identify the research problem. These forms developed by the researchers
were prepared in English. The data obtained from the interviews were coded
using the open coding method. As a result of the study, it was seen that
individuality, respect, mixed age group advantages and prepared environment
themes were formed. Themes are discussed in the context of the researcher’s
experiences, literature, the principles of Montessori Approach, researches.  It was concluded that the teachers
internalized the principles of Montessori and that being a Montessori teacher
gained meaning for them according to these principles.
5-6 Yaş Çocukların Problem Çözme Becerilerinde Anne-Baba Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: BAPOĞLU DÜMENCİ S. Seda , DEMİR Emin
Published: November 2019

Okul öncesi eğitim, üst düzey düşünme
becerilerinin yoğun olarak geliştiği bir dönemdir. Sosyal gelişim ile bilişsel
becerilerin karşılıklı etkileşim halinde olduğu bu dönemde, çocukların
karşılaştıkları sorunları çözebilme becerileri,

problemli bir durumla uğraşırken alternatif cevap
ararken bilinçli ve uğraş verici bir aktivitedir. Böylesine önemli kazanımların
olduğu bir dönemde, problem çözme becerilerinin kazandırılması sadece eğitim
programının sorumluluğunda olmayıp aile üzerinde de büyük bir sorumluluk yaratmaktadır.
Araştırmada problem çözme becerileri yüksek olan çocukların problem çözme
sürecine ilişkin anne-baba görüşlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada
nicel ve nitel verilerin bir arada kullanıldığı karma yöntem seçilmiştir. Nicel
verilerin toplanmasında Oğuz ve Köksal Akyol (2015) tarafından geliştirilen “Problem
Çözme Becerileri Ölçeği’’ (PÇBÖ) kullanılırken, nitel verilerin toplanmasında
ise araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen anne-baba görüşme formları
kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, kamu kurum kreşinde 2017-2018 eğitim ve öğretim
yılında, eğitim almakta olan 5-6 yaş grubuna sahip 26 çocuğa “Problem Çözme
Becerileri Ölçeği’’ (PÇBÖ)  uygulanmış ve
18 puanın üstünde alan 14 çocuktan çalışmaya dahil olmayı kabul eden 11 çocuğun
annesi/babasıyla görüşme yapılmıştır. Nitel verilerin analizi için MAXQDA12
nitel veri analiz paket programından destek alınmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda
elde edilen veriler uygun istatistik yöntemleri ile analiz edilmiştir. Problem
çözme becerileri yüksek olan çocukların anne-babalarıyla yapılan görüşmeler
sonucunda, günlük hayatta karşılaşabilecekleri problem durumlarının
çözümlenmesinde çocukların anne-babaları tarafından yönlendirildiği, takdir
edildiği, cesaretlendirildiği ve çocuklara pekiştireç sağladıkları görülmüştür.
Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı 0-36 Aylık Çocuklar İçin Eğitim Programında Cinsel Gelişim Ve Eğitim
Authors: DENİZ Ümit , YILDIZ ALTAN Rukiyye
Published: November 2019

Cinsel eğitim, bireyin fiziksel, duygusal ve
cinsel gelişimini kavraması, olumlu bir kişilik geliştirmesi, diğer bireylerin
cinselliğine, haklarına, görüş ve davranışlarına saygılı bir bakış açısı
edinmesi ve olumlu değer yargıları geliştirmesi eğitimi olarak
tanımlanmaktadır. Çocuğun ilk yaşlarında cinsel gelişimini destekleme görevini
anne babalar ile birlikte eğitimciler de üstlenmektedir. Bu nedenle
öğretmenlerin de, çocukların kendi cinsiyetlerine olan algı ve davranışlarını
oluşturmalarında, cinsel olarak gelişimlerinde önemli bir rolü vardır. Bu
görüşten hareketle araştırmada,  Milli
Eğitim Bakanlığı (2013), 0-36 Aylık Çocuklar İçin Eğitim Programının
incelenmesi amacı ile yapılan betimsel türdeki araştırmada veriler doküman
analizi ile toplanmıştır. Programın incelenmesi her iki araştırmacı tarafından
ayrı ayrı yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, 0-36 Aylık Çocuklar İçin Eğitim
Programında cinsel gelişim ve eğitim ile ilgili olabilecek açıklamalara yer
verildiği saptanmıştır. Programda, cinsel gelişim ve eğitim ile de ilgili olan
sosyal ve duygusal gelişim özellikleri arasında güven duygusu, bağımsızlık ve
merak duygusu, kendini ifade edebilme becerileri, öz farkındalık duygusu gibi
özelliklere yer verilmiştir. Bununla birlikte programda, program ilkelerine
uygun olarak, öğretmenlerin, sınıftaki çocukların gereksinimleri doğrultusunda
kazanım ve gösterge belirleyerek her gelişim alanına yönelik eğitim
yapabilecekleri yönünde esneklik tanındığı belirlenmiştir.
Peran Pusat Informasi Dan Konseling (PIK-KRR) Terhadap Perilaku Seksual Berisiko Pada Smpn Terpilih Di Jakarta Selatan Tahun 2016
Authors: Andriani Putri
Published: November 2019

Sexuality among teenagers needs to be directed seriusly into behavior that does not bring any risks. One of the intervention given to adolescent reproductive health concerning sexuality is by providing reproductive education to schools. This was a comparative study using a cross sectional method in two junior high school which had and did not have the Information and Counseling Center of Reproductive Health (PIK-KRR) amounted to 136 samples. Data was analyzed with Mann Whitney test.This  research  showed  that  there  was  a  significant  difference  in  attitute  in  risky  sexual  behaviour (p=0.000) and knowledge level of health reproduction (p=0.000) between school which had and did not have PIK-KRR. In bivariate analysis, there was a significant difference in gender to risky sexual activity, porn media access to risky sexual activity, gender to attitude of risky sexual behaviour, religiousity to attitude, attitude to porn media access, attitude to peer affect (p=0.004) and religiousity to knowledge level of health reproduction. This study concluded that the level of knowledge had a significant relationship with risky sexual behavior among adolescents at the two study sites.
Determinan Pemanfaatan Buku Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (Kia) Oleh Ibu Hamil Di Puskesmas Wanakerta Kabupaten Karawang Tahun 2015
Authors: Farida Nita
Published: November 2019

MCH handbook is expected to increase community participation in controlling maternal health. Results of the coverage achievement of this handbook until December 2014 from Kerawang Health Office amounted to 63.49% and the coverage of V1 was 93.37% and this indicates a difference in which in fact both coverages should be the same as the MCH handbook is given when mothers check their pregnancy for the first time. This study aimed to obtain the utilization of MCH Handbook by pregnant women and factors associated with the utilization of MCH handbook in pregnant women in Wanakerta health center, Karawang regency in 2015. The study design was cross-sectiona The population in this study were all pregnant women at Wanakerta health center who did checkups and the sample was part of pregnant women who already had the MCH handbook, and came to checkups at Wanakerta health center in June 2015. The results of this study showed that the variables associated with the use of MCH handbook in this study were education, attitudes, support  for  health  personnel,  health  cadre  support,  and  family  support.  Meanwhile,  age,  parity,  and socioeconomy were not related to the utilization of MCH handbook by pregnant women.
Uji Coba Model “My” Terhadap Keterampilan Klinis Penjahitan Perineum Derajat Dua
Authors: Fathunikmah Fathunikmah , Rafida Rafida
Published: November 2019

Good clinical skills should be preceded by good skills-lab as well. Therefore, before being used for practice in the treatment room, teaching aids should be used repeatedly so that health workers can master the desired competencies. The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness and efficiency of perineal repair model to the clinical skill learning of second degree perineum repair at Camar Room I and II of Arifin Achmad Hospital of Pekanbaru in 2017. This qualitative used a phenomenological design. The research was conducted from February to July 2017. The informants in this research were all midwives who worked in the study site amounted to 20 people. Data were collected by FGD method. The result of the research was that this model was quite realistic when grafted with pelvic model. As a second-grade perineal wound repair material, this model can also be categorized as realistic because it could be sewn on 1 cm of wound peaks, bleary, and subcuticular. The durability of this model was reviewed as low-cost with its good durability and safety.
Pengaruh Faktor Ekonomi Makro Terhadap Stock Return Pada Indeks Saham LQ45
Authors: Candy Candy , Winardy Anton
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisa pengaruh variabel-variabel ekonomi makro, yaitu inflasi, suku bunga, nilai tukar, harga minyak dunia, produk domestik bruto, ekspor, dan impor terhadap stock return perusahaan yang terdaftar di indeks saham LQ45. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah 79 perusahaan yang pernah terdaftar di LQ45 selama periode Februari 2012 sampai dengan Januari 2017. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inflasi, suku bunga, nilai tukar, produk domestik bruto, ekspor, dan impor berpengaruh signifikan terhadap stock return. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan harga minyak dunia tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap stock return.
¿Cómo hacer una Investigación? en Ciencias Sociales
Authors: Valenzuela Miranda Aleida , Jiménez Ramos Yadira , Encinas López Irving
Published: November 2019

El libro como hacer una investigación en ciencias sociales de Aleida Valenzuela Miranda y Yadira Jiménez Ramos se inscribe en las nuevas cátedras del plan de estudios de nuestra escuela, nos permite planear metodológicamente el trabajo a realizar, e implica que cada persona que está participando, debe tener bien definido los objetivos y las metas que quiere llegar, así como también es necesario que quien investiga sea una persona que conozca y sepa lo básico para empezar a realizar una investigación. En este libro, encontraremos los pasos y tips para poder realizar un trabajo de investigación y es necesario resaltar que hay muchas maneras de poder hacer una investigación, pero en lo general, ésta obra te da la base y la pauta con los puntos básicos para hacer una buena investigación.
Return to Work in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Tedjasukmana Deddy
Published: November 2019

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a medical term used to describe problems that occur when there isn’tenough blood flow to the heart, can lead to chronic heart disease (CHD). In Indonesia, 17.3 million deaths werecaused by CHD in 2008, it can be increased to 23.3 million deaths in 2030. A recent study states that ACS wasincreased among worker age. Therefore, the ability to return to work is important, because it can impact on theeconomic status of patients and their families, the patients’ quality of life, and also psychosocial factors.Patients who are hospitalized due to coronary heart disease need to have a cardiac rehabilitation program thatis divided into three phases. The patients are given a program that suits with their individual risk stratificationto achieve their vocational needs. The ability to work, work risk, work capacity, and work tolerance needs toevaluated by exercise test.After a comprehensive evaluation of coronary patients, it is important to determine suitability for work. Ingeneral, post-Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) ACS can return to previous jobs with some adjustmentsif needed. Energy expenditure monitoring during working can be measured by indirect and direct measurements.Keywords: Acute Coronary Syndrome, Cardiac Rehabilitation, Return to Work, Coronary Heart Disease.
A new, economical, and easy protocol to culture 3D mouse hepatoid and cholangoid
Authors: Xiaolun Sun  , Hong Wang
Published: November 2019

Despite the high efficiency of self-regeneration in liver, liver stem cell organoid culture is way behind other cell types such as intestinal organoid (Enteroid). The contributing factor is the lack of effi¬cient technique to isolate liver cells and to culture liver stem cell organoid. Here we reported a new, eco¬nomical, and simple method to generate 3D hepatocyte organoid (Hepatoid) and cholangiocyte organoid (Cholangoid). We have isolated liver cells using ice-cold 3mM EDTA PBS medium. The isolated cells were cultured on 50% Conditional Medium. After 1 or 4 days post isolation and culture, Cholangoid and Hepatoid were readily to be detected under light microscope and they continued to grow well after several passages. This method could be used to isolate and culture human liver organoids. This feasible protocol will greatly facilitate more research on liver function and diseases using liver cell organoids.

Keywords: Organoid; Stem cell; 3D culture; Liver
Conservative management of post-traumatic sialocele of the parotid gland: A case report
Authors: Ahmed A El-Degwi  , Mohamed Ashraf Elkahwagi
Published: November 2019

Introduction: posttraumatic cystic swelling in the parotid region has a complex diagnosis and requires careful management. Posttraumatic siaolcele has two main line of management: one that preserves the gland function and other that depresses the gland function.

Methods: a case report of a posttraumatic sialocele managed by conservative measure including sterile aspiration and bandage. Ultrasonography, Computed Tomography and sialography were the main investigations that aided the diagnosis. The case was followed up for 6 months

Results: aspiration of the fluid contents revealed complete evactuation of the cyst. Complete resolution was achieved by 3 weeks after aspiration.

Conclusion: posttraumatic parotid sialocele is uncommon cause of parotid swelling. Careful mangemnt is mandatory and gland function preservation is the optimum line of management.

Keywords: Posttraumatic; Sialocele; Parotid
Heuristics for Efficient Resource Allocation in Cloud Computing
Authors: Su Seon Yang  , Nong Ye
Published: November 2019

The resource allocation in cloud computing determines the allocation of computer and network resources of service providers to service requests of users for meeting user service requirements. It is not scalable to solve the resource allocation problem as an optimization problem to obtain the optimal solution in real time. This paper presents the development and testing of heuristics for the efficient resource allocation to obtain near-optimal solutions in a scalable manner. We first define the resource allocation problem as a Mixed Integer rogramming (MIP) optimization problem and obtain the optimal solutions for various resource-service problem types. Based on the analysis of the optimal solutions, we design heuristics for the efficient resource allocation. Then we evaluate the performance of the resource allocation heuristics using various resource-service problem types and different numbers of service requests and resources. The results show the comparable performance of the heuristics to the optimal solutions. The resource allocation heuristics also demonstrate the better computational efficiency and thus scalability than solving the MIP problems to obtain the optimal solutions.

Keywords: Resource allocation; Clouds computing; Heuristics; Mixed integer programming
Desentralisasi pengolahan limbah padat rumah tangga menggunakan teknologi biodrying
Authors: Zaman B , Oktiawan W , Hadiwidodo M , Sutrisno E , Purwono Purwono
Published: November 2019

Pengolahan limbah padat rumah tangga dengan cara dibakar maupun landfill saat ini sudah tidak optimal. Ketersediaan lahan tempat pemrosesan akhir (TPA) sudah kritis, mencari alternatif TPA baru pun akan sulit dan mahal terutama di kota besar. Teknologi biodrying merupakan pengelolaan limbah padat dengan sistem desentralisasi, dimana limbah padat akan mengalami biokonversi mekanikal-biologikal. Pada prakteknya, reaktor biodrying memproses limbah padat dengan kadar air tinggi yang sudah dicacah dan menghasilkan output limbah padat kering sebagai bahan bakar pengganti batubara. Panas yang dihasilkan dari proses dekomposisi aerobik senyawa organik dikombinasikan dengan udara berlebih berfungsi mengeringkan limbah padat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa limbah padat rumah tangga yang terdiri dari limbah makanan, daun, kertas, dan plastik memiliki kadar air awal sebesar 66,24 %. Penambahan debit aerasi 2 liter/menit menghasilkan kenaikan suhu maksimum 44°C pada jam ke-29   dan bertahan sampai jam ke-39. Kadar air turun menjadi 62,18 % setelah diaerasi selama 110 jam.  pH lindi yang dihasilkan mengalami kenaikan dari 6,07 (asam) menjadi 8,27 (basa). Parameter emisi udara NO2 mengalami penurunan dari 0,187 µg/Nm3  menjadi 0,008 µg/Nm3. Nilai ini hampir mendekati kadar NO2 udara ambien sebesar 0,006 µg/Nm3. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa proses biodrying selama 5 hari mampu menaikan pH menjadi basa dan emisi udara NO2 rendah. Kadar air limbah padat perlu diturunkan lagi sampai <20 % agar dapat dibakar dengan baik.
Teknologi alamiah penjamin kualitas kompos (studi kasus: kompos di Desa Tekelan, Kabupaten Semarang)
Authors: Oktiawan W , Zaman B , Purwono Purwono
Published: November 2019

Limbah peternakan sapi di Desa Tekelan terdiri dari limbah padat, semi padat (slurry) dan limbah cair. Masyarakat memanfaatkan limbah padat untuk membuat kompos secara tradisional. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu pengujian indeks perkecambahan sebagai indikator kematangan kompos. Teknologi alamiah (fitotosisitas) dapat digunakan untuk menjamin kualitas kompos. Teknologi ini bersifat sederhana, tidak memerlukan peralatan utama, biaya perawatan minimal, sampel yang diperlukan sedikit, tidak mengenal musim, benih mudah dibeli dimana-mana, benih bertahan lama, dan waktu perkecambahan cepat. Metode penentuan kematangan dan kestabilan kompos menggunakan uji indeks perkecambahan yang didasarkan pada nilai Germination Index (GI). Biji kacang hijau (Vigna Radiata) ditaburkan pada kapas yang dibasahi dengan ekstrak kompos. GI dihitung berdasarkan nilai perkecambahan relatif (G) dan panjang akar relatif (L). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai GI kotoran sapi segar sangat rendah hanya sebesar 47, sedangkan kompos yang berumur seminggu memiliki nilai GI sebesar 58. Kompos kotoran ayam menghasilkan nilai GI 74. Ketiga kompos ini mengindikasikan bahwa kompos belum matang dan stabil (GI<80). Nilai GI kompos dengan waktu komposting 2, 3, dan 4 minggu >80 yang mengindikasikan bahwa kompos telah matang dan stabil.
Studi kapasitas beban pencemaran sungai berdasarkan parameter organik (BOD, COD dan TSS) di Batang Lembang Kota Solok, Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Azhar A , Dewata I
Published: November 2019

Kota Solok merupakan salah satu kota yang berada di Provinsi Sumatera Barat yang dialiri oleh sungai yang bernama sungai Batang Lembang. Pertumbuhan penduduk dan meningkatnya pengunaan sungai Batang Lembang berdampak pada  daya dukung lingkungan sungai. Untuk dapat menjaga kualitas air sungai diperlukan kajian daya tampung air sungai. Lokasi penelitian ini adalah air Sungai Batang Lembang segmen Kota Solok yang melintasi Kecamatan Lubuk Sikarah dan Kecamatan Tanjung Harapan, sedangkan parameter kunci pencemaran air ialah TSS, BOD, dan COD. Parameter kualitas air Sungai Batang Lembang mengacu pada Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 82 Tahun 2001 tentang Pengendalian Kualitas air dan Pengelolaan Pencemaran Air. Penetapan daya tampung beban pencemaran mengaplikasikan Qual2Kw. Hasil penelitian  daya tampung terhadap beban pencemaran Sungai Batang Lembang Sungai kota Solok untuk parameter TSS beban maksimum harus dikurangi sebesar 28,490.00 kg/hari dan minimum 1,425.60 Kg/hari, BOD sebesar 336.96 Kg/hari dan minimum 77.76 Kg/hari dan COD sebesar 16,264.80 Kg/hari dan minimum 3,039.12 Kg/hari agar kualitas air sungai dapat terjaga dengan baik. Selanjutnya diperlukan pembatasan izin serta kebijakan oleh pemerintah pada beberapa ruas tertentu agar mutu dan kualitas sungai dapat dipertahankan.
Analisis kebutuhan ruang terbuka hijau sebagai penyerap emisi gas karbon di kota dan kawasan penyangga Kota Malang
Authors: Miharja Fuad Jaya , Husamah Husamah , Muttaqin Tatag
Published: November 2019

Pembangunan ruang terbuka hijau (RTH) di Malang diperlukan sebagai penyeimbang emisi gas CO2 dari aktivitas penduduk dan konsumsi bahan bakar kendaraan yang semakin tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis luasan RTH dan kemampuan serap CO2 serta besarnya emisi CO2 yang dilepaskan oleh aktivitas respirasi dan penggunaan bahan bakar minyak. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis deskriptif kuantitatif. Area pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini meliputi Kota Malang, Kota Batu dan Kabupaten Malang. Metode deskriptif digunakan untuk menggambarkan kondisi yang ada di area penelitian. Metode kuantitatif digunakan untuk  menentukan luasan dan kemampuan RTH  yang ada saat ini untuk menyerap CO2 dan besarnya CO2 yang dilepaskan. Total emisi gas CO2 yang dihasilkan sebesar 535.429 ton/tahun. Kebutuhan luas RTH berdasarkan jumlah emisi sebesar 9.139 ha dengan luasan area RTH yang tersedia saat ini sebesar 13,09 ha sehingga dibutuhkan 9.126 ha lahan tambahan untuk menyeimbangkan kebutuhan atas RTH.
Analisis sumber utama emisi gas rumah kaca pada perkebunan kelapa sawit dengan pendekatan life cycle assessment
Authors: Harimurti Danang , Hariyadi Hariyadi , Noor E
Published: November 2019

Perkembangan perkebunan kelapa sawit di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan pesat. Dibalik perkembangan pesat komoditas kelapa sawit, bermunculan masalah dan isu negatif mengenai perkebunan kelapa sawit sebagai penyebab kerusakan lingkungan dan peningkatan emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis emisi GRK yang ditimbulkan dari kegiatan perkebunan kelapa sawit dengan menggunakan metode Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). LCA adalah suatu metode untuk melakukan analisis dan evaluasi secara menyeluruh dari dampak lingkungan dalam siklus hidupnya. Tahapan metode LCA adalah goal and scope definition, life cycle inventory, life cycle impact assessment, dan life cycle interpretation. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa emisi GRK yang ditimbulkan dalam kegiatan perkebunan kelapa sawit selama 1 siklus berbeda-beda. Emisi GRK yang ditimbulkan pada fase TM (umur tanaman >3 tahun) menjadi yang terbesar dengan rata-rata 1887,64 kg CO2-eq/Ha, sementara emisi GRK pada fase TBM (umur tanaman 0-3 tahun) sebesar 989,63 kg CO2-eq/Ha. Sumber terbesar penyumbang emisi berasal dari kegiatan pemupukan. Pada fase TM, kegiatan pemupukan menyumbang emisi GRK sebesar 920,22 kg CO2-eq/Ha dengan jenis pupuk paling dominan menyumbang emisi GRK adalah pupuk urea dan MOP yaitu sebesar 369,67 kg CO2-eq/Ha dan 179,56 kg CO2-eq/Ha.
Lost to translation: How design factors of the mouse-tracking procedure impact the inference from action to cognition
Authors: Grage Tobias , Schoemann Martin , Kieslich Pascal J. , Scherbaum Stefan
Published: November 2019

From an embodiment perspective, action and cognition influence each other constantly. This interaction has been utilized in mouse-tracking studies to infer cognitive states from movements, assuming a continuous manifestation of cognitive processing into movement. However, it is mostly unknown how this manifestation is affected by the variety of possible design choices in mouse-tracking paradigms. Here we studied how three design factors impact the manifestation of cognition into movement in a Simon task with mouse tracking. We varied the response selection (i.e., with or without clicking), the ratio between hand and mouse cursor movement, and the location of the response boxes. The results show that all design factors can blur or even prevent the manifestation of cognition into movement, as reflected by a reduction in movement consistency and action dynamics, as well as by the adoption of unsuitable movement strategies. We conclude that deliberate and careful design choices in mouse-tracking experiments are crucial to ensuring a continuous manifestation of cognition in movement. We discuss the importance of developing a standard practice in the design of mouse-tracking experiments.
Liquid crystal tunable claddings for polymer integrated optical waveguides
Authors: Otón José Manuel , Caño-García Manuel , Gordo Fernando , Otón Eva , Geday Morten Andreas , Quintana Xabier
Published: November 2019

Optical waveguides in photonic integrated circuits are traditionally passive elements merely carrying optical signals from one point to another. These elements could contribute to the integrated circuit functionality if they were modulated either by variations of the core optical properties, or by using tunable claddings. In this work, the use of liquid crystals as electro-optically active claddings for driving integrated waveguides has been explored. Tunable waveguides have been modeled and fabricated using polymers. Optical functions such as variable coupling and optical switching have been demonstrated.
Soybean-derived blue photoluminescent carbon dots
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Sun Wei , Yang Dong-sheng , Yang Fuqian
Published: November 2019

Biomass-derived carbon dots (CDs) are biocompatible and have the potential in a variety of applications, including bio-imaging and bio-sensing. In this work, we use ground soybean residuals to synthesize carbon nanoparticles by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), annealing at high temperatures, and laser ablation (LA) in a NH4OH solution. The carbon nanoparticles synthesized with the HTC process (HTC-CDs) exhibit photoluminescent characteristics with strong blue emission. The annealing of the HTC-CDs at temperatures in a range of 250 to 850 ⁰C causes the loss of the photoluminescent characteristics without any significant changes in the microstructures (amorphous structure) of carbon particles. The LA processing of the annealed HTC-CDs introduces nitrogen-contained surface-functional groups and leads to the recovery of the photoluminescent features that are different from those of the HTC-CDs and dependent on the fraction of nitrogen in the surface-functional groups. The photoluminescence of both the HTC-CDs and LA-CDs is largely due to the presence of N-contained surface-functional groups. The quantum yield of the LA-CDs is more stable than that of the HTC-CDs under continuous UV excitation and does not exhibit significant reduction over 150 min excitation. The methods used in this work provide a simple and green strategy to introduce surface-functional groups to carbon nanoparticles from biomass and biowaste and to produce stable photoluminescent CDs with excellent water-wettability.
La figure du public dans l’imaginaire théâtrophobe anglais de la première modernité
Authors: MacKay Ellen , Lerme Loïc
Published: November 2019

Cet article traite du problème que le public pose à l’historien du théâtre. Les concepts que la discipline a forgés pour le spectateur – enchantement et aliénation – ne rendent pas compte de la forte tendance de la collectivité à l’inattention ou à la dérive. En examinant de près « l’île flottante » de The Roaring Girl (1606) de Middleton et Rowley, je défends l’idée que la saturation sensorielle est cruciale pour le système de la représentation, avant même que la philosophie politique ne le prenne en charge.
Converging-diverging shape configuration of the diaphysis of equine third metacarpal bone through computer-aided design
Authors: Mouloodi S. , Rahmanpanah H. , Burvill C. , Davies H.M.S.
Published: November 2019

The shape of the diaphysis of the equine third metacarpal bone (MC3) has a substantial influence on its mechanical properties. The connection between bone shape and bone adaptive responses is likely to be useful in forecasting the response of MC3 to a training program as well as predicting its internal loading. A variety of geometrical parameters including cortical area (A), width of dorsal cortex (D), palmar cortex (P), medial cortex (M), lateral cortex (L), medulla in dorsopalmar plane (Md), and medulla in lateromedial plane (M1) in three main cross sections (slices) within the diaphysis of 27 Thoroughbred horses aged from 12 hours to 15 years were measured using computer-aided-design and were analysed using t-tests and ANOVA test (performed in statistical MATLAB codes). Shape indices ([D/P] × [(D+P)/ Md]), H (D+Md +P), and V (M+ M1 +L) were also calculated. For all the samples, the values were plotted for a slice taken from around the mid-point of the shaft, and from two others taken at 3 cm proximally and distally from the middle slice. Cortical area decreased from proximal to distal slices in the majority of the specimens, except for all the foal samples where the area fluctuated and showed a converging-diverging shape. A similar trend was observed for one of the adult horses. To investigate converging-diverging shape configuration, a two-degree polynomial function was fitted to the plots of geometrical parameters and then the curvature (k) of these fitted curves was quantified and compared to assess the significant changes. Previous research showed that 0.5 mm differences in thickness of the midshaft dorsal cortex have a significant effect on local strain in vivo. Variations in the geometrical parameters of the midshaft metacarpus have a dramatic impact on the internal loading of the MC3 and should be considered in designing equine training programs in attempts to predict and prevent bone damage.
Comparison of pre-race inflammatory marker mRNA expression with race-related parameters in Thoroughbreds
Authors: Page A.E. , Stewart J.C. , Scollay M.C. , Horohov D.W.
Published: November 2019

Research in Thoroughbred racehorses has demonstrated continual training leads to a decrease in pro-inflammatory gene expression as horses become race fit, although not all horses experience this predicted decrease. Here, the goal was to determine whether pre-race inflammatory marker mRNA expression correlates with race performance and other horse-specific parameters. Single blood samples in Tempus RNA stabilisation tubes were collected during pre-race total CO2 testing at a Thoroughbred racetrack in Kentucky. mRNA was isolated and quantitative PCR performed on the samples for the pro-inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Expression data was analysed using one-way ANOVA on Ranks. There was no predictive value of inflammatory marker expression for race performance other than decreased IL-6 in race favourites that finished in the top three positions. Horses entered into graded stakes races had significantly lower expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α, as well as a lower average of all 5 markers combined, when compared to allowance and claiming horses. Additionally, some claiming horses had evidence of increased pro-inflammatory marker expression. Lower inflammatory marker expression in graded stakes horses likely arose from both the fitness level and management practices of these horses, as these horses had a lower number of and greater interval between starts when compared to claiming and allowance horses. Evidence of increased inflammatory marker expression in some horses would suggest that they are not sufficiently conditioned or recovered fully between races or bouts of high-speed training. While there were other significant differences detected, their biological importance remains unclear.
Staphylococcus saprophyticus L-38 produces volatile 3,3-dimethyl-1,2-epoxybutane with strong inhibitory activity againstAspergillus flavus germination and aflatoxin production
Authors: Gong A.D. , Sun G.J. , Zhao Z.Y. , Liao Y.C. , Zhang J.B.
Published: November 2019

Controlling proliferation and aflatoxin production byAspergillus flavus is a pressing challenge for global food safety and security. Marine bacteriumStaphylococcus saprophyticus strain L-38 showed excellent antifungal activity towardA. flavus in vitro andin vivo. In sealed, non-contact confrontation assays, L-38 completely inhibited conidial germination and mycelial growth ofA. flavus through the production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry identified 3,3-dimethyl-1,2-epoxybutane (3-DE) as the most abundant VOC (32.61% of total peak area, 78% matching). Exposure ofA. flavus cultures to synthetic 3-DE similarly demonstrated strong inhibition of growth. Moreover, culture of L-38 in a sealed chamber with maize or peanuts artificially inoculated withA. flavus, at high water activity, resulted in significant inhibition ofA. flavus germination and aflatoxin biosynthesis. Scanning electron microscopy of these samples revealed severe damage to conidial cells and hyphae compared to samples not exposed to L-38. L-38 also showed broad and effective antifungal activity toward eight other phytopathogenic fungi includingAspergillus niger, Fusarium verticillioides, Fusarium graminearum, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Alternaria alternata, Monilinia fructicola, andBotrytis cinerea. This work introducesS. saprophyticus L-38 as a potential biocontrol agent and demonstrates the efficacy of the volatile 3-DE in the control ofA. flavus and other destructive plant pathogens for post-harvest food safety.
Activated carbon loaded with manganese and iron for glyphosate adsorption: Kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamic studies
Authors: Yamaguchi Natalia Ueda , Rubio Andressa Jenifer , Bergamasco Rosângela
Published: November 2019

Granular activated carbon was loaded with 0.5% manganese and 1.0% iron (m/m) for glyphosate removal from aqueous solutions. The adsorbent material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, dispersive energy spectrometry, nitrogen adsorption techniques and zeta potential analyses. Batch studies were performed to investigate the adsorption equilibrium, kinetics mechanisms and to obtain thermodynamic information. Glyphosate adsorption increased with the contact time and achieved equilibrium within 24 h, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 9.19 mg g-1 at 45°C. Batch kinetic experimental data obeyed the pseudo-second-order model with R2>0.99. Adsorption isotherm experiments were carried out at 5, 15, 25, 35 and 45°C. The adsorption isotherms presented a better fitting using the Freundlich model (R2>0.98), indicating a multilayer adsorption of glyphosate. Thermodynamics studies showed that the adsorption of glyphosate onto granular activated carbon loaded with manganese and iron was spontaneous and feasible with negative values of ΔG°, endothermic with ΔH° of 20.924 kJ mol-1 and ΔS° of -73.250 J mol-1 K-1, suggesting a decrease in randomness at the solid–liquid interface between glyphosate and the adsorbent. The experimental results demonstrated that activated carbon loaded with manganese and iron may be an alternative for glyphosate removal in water, wastewater treatment and purification processes.
On the Boundary Point Principle for divergence-type equations
Authors: Apushkinskaya Darya E. , Nazarov Alexander I.
Published: November 2019

We provide some versions of the Zaremba–Hopf–Oleinik boundary point lemma for general elliptic and parabolic equations in divergence form under the sharp requirements on the coefficients of equations and on the boundaries of domains.
The Dirichlet problem with VMO data in upper-graph Lipschitz domains
Authors: Mitrea Dorina , Mitrea Irina , Mitrea Marius
Published: November 2019

In this paper we take up the study of the Dirichlet problem for elliptic operators in upper-graph Lipschitz domains, with boundary values (taken in a pointwise nontangential sense) belonging to the Sarason space of functions with vanishing mean oscillations. We employ certain modified versions of boundary layer potentials in order to construct solutions satisfying certain vanishing Carleson measure conditions.
Uma lei para os libertos: recrutamentos e território quilombola no Recôncavo da Bahia, 1800-1860
Authors: Castellucci Junior Wellington , Barreto Virgínia Queiroz
Published: November 2019

Este artigo analisa a ação repressiva das autoridades coloniais e provinciais sobre os escravos e libertos da Bahia, que viviam nas franjas do condado de Nazaré das Farinhas, na primeira metade do século XIX. Também são analisadas as diferentes estratégias levadas a cabo por homens livres para burlar o recrutamento militar, especialmente a formação de quilombos e a construção de territórios negros. O estudo enfatiza o movimento de escravos fugitivos que estavam tentando sobreviver nas cidades e nos distritos da região, as revoltas que protagonizaram e sua relação com a comunidade de homens livres suspeitos. Além do uso de uma bibliografia atualizada, a pesquisa se baseou em documentos expedidos pelos Juízes de Paz, os censos do governo da Capitania, relatos de viajantes, correspondências da Presidência da Província e municipais, ordenanças, acordos e regulamentos do período colonial, processos criminais, assentamentos em livro batismal e documentos emitidos pela polícia da época.