bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Big Data Related Patent Retrieval System Based on Filtering Rules
Authors: Zhao Xuanrong
Published: December 2024

In the information age, patents are an important carrier of scientific research achievements. How to protect patents and effectively transmit them has become an important development measure in the current information age. A big data-related patent retrieval technology based on filtering rules is proposed to address issues such as poor keyword and phrase retrieval positioning in patent analysis. This new technology combines multiple filtering and retrieval methods and builds a data storage and transmission system. The model achieved the best performance when the threshold was set to 100. The frequency of using the training set before and after keyword filtering increased by 10 and the frequency of using the test set before and after keyword filtering increased by 16. The Euclidean distance of the research method decreased by 0.883 compared to other methods. The mean value increased by 0.1611 compared to other methods. The cosine value increased by 0.4300 compared to other methods. Therefore, the new method has a better filtering effect on patent keywords compared to other methods. This has a good guiding effect on the retrieval of big data-related patents.
Utilisation de la semence sexée en production bovine
Authors: BOICHARD Didier , DOMINIQUE Sandra , BÉRODIER Marie , FRITZ Sébastien , DELABY Luc , FOUÉRÉ Corentin , BOUSSAHA Mekki , BARBAT Anne
Published: December 2024

Le sexage de la semence de taureau (également validé chez diverses espèces de mammifères) est un procédé permettant de séparer les spermatozoïdes porteurs du chromosome X de ceux porteurs du Y. Le procédé actuel diffusé depuis 20 ans par l’entreprise Sexing Technologies repose sur le tri cellulaire, basé sur le contenu en ADN plus élevé pour les porteurs du X que du Y. La précision du sexage est d’environ 91 %. La part de marché de la semence sexée (femelle) atteint actuellement 12,5 % des premières inséminations. Son utilisation est très majoritairement en races laitières et plutôt sur génisses. Elle est la plus élevée en races jersiaise, montbéliarde et brune. Par rapport à la semence conventionnelle, elle s’accompagne d’une baisse de fertilité de l’ordre de 6 à 8 points de réussite, baisse qui tend à se réduire avec le temps. Aucun autre effet défavorable n’est observé. Le produit né ne présente pas d’augmentation du taux de néomutation dans son génome, ni de perte de performance significative sur aucun des caractères analysés. L’intérêt principal de la semence sexée se concrétise dans l’utilisation conjointe avec deux autres outils : tandis que la semence sexée est réservée à la part du troupeau assurant le renouvellement, dont le choix est bien plus précis avec génotypage et évaluation génomique, le croisement avec un taureau de race à viande assure une meilleure valorisation des produits non conservés pour le renouvellement. Ces trois techniques devraient donc continuer à se développer, surtout si la perte de fertilité liée au sexage est limitée.
Association of SLC45A2 (rs11568737, rs28777); TYR (rs1042602, rs1126809); HERC2 (rs1129038) and SLC24A (rs1426654) Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms with Melasma in African Women – A Pilot Study
Authors: Mpofana Nomakhosi , Mlambo Zinhle Pretty , Makgobole Mokgadi Ursula , Dlova Ncoza Cordelia , Naicker Thajasvarie
Published: December 2024

Melasma is a chronic skin disorder characterized by hypermelanosis, predominantly affecting women of African descent. This study explores the association between genetic variants of the genes SLC45A2, TYR, HERC2, and SLC24A and the severity of melasma in women of reproductive age with darker skin types. Forty participants were divided into two groups: 20 with facial melasma and 20 without. DNA was extracted from blood samples and genotyped using TaqMan assays to determine allele frequencies and genotype distributions. Statistical analyses, including Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium tests and odds ratios, were conducted to evaluate the associations between SNPs and melasma severity. The results showed significant differences in allelic frequencies of rs1042602 SNP (TYR gene) for codominant alleles [AA vs CC; (OR=21.00; 95% Cl (1.799–284.1); adjusted p=0.0320*); AC vs CC (OR= 56.00; 95%Cl (6.496–618.4); adjusted p<0.0001****)]; recessive alleles [(AA+AC vs CC; adjusted p<00001****)] and over dominant alleles [(AA+CC vs AC: adjusted p=0.0449)] between the melasma and control groups. There was significant differences in distribution frequencies for genotypes CC vs CT [(OR= 46.75; 95% Cl (5.786–270.8); adjusted p<0.0001****)]; and dominant alleles [(CC vs CT+TT; adjusted p=0.0022**)], recessive alleles [(CC+CT vs TT: adjusted p=0.0436*)] and over dominant alleles [(CC+TT vs TC: adjusted p <0.0001****)] between the two groups for the rs1129038 SNP (HERC2 gene). Additionally, there was significant association of codominant alleles AA vs GG [(OR=0.03571; 95% Cl (0.005866–0.3303); adjusted p=0.0010**] and AA vs AG [(OR= 0.05714; 95% Cl (0.01078 –0.3499); adjusted p=0.0022**)] and for recessive alleles AA+AG vs GG (adjusted p=0.0002***) in the rs1426654 SNP (SLC24A gene) in both groups. These findings form this study underscores the necessity for tailored treatment approaches that take genetic variations into account.
Adult Height in Girls with Idiopathic Central Precocious Puberty
Authors: Saito Reiko , Hasegawa Yukihiro
Published: December 2024

Precocious puberty (PP) is characterized by the early onset of secondary sexual characteristics and accelerated growth, which often result in compromised adult height (AH). Central precocious puberty (CPP), a subset of PP, is treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHa) to suppress premature hormonal activation and delay epiphyseal closure, thereby preserving height potential. The present review examined the effects of GnRHa on AH outcomes in girls with idiopathic CPP. Although AH is greater with GnRHa therapy than without it, the treatment does not consistently restore the patient’s genetic potential. The benefits of the treatment are most evident in girls in whom idiopathic CPP is diagnosed before 6 years of age and they achieve a height gain of 4.5–14.1 cm, which is unattainable without treatment. However, the treatment of older children (ages 6–8) shows conflicting results, with the AH outcome varying among previous reports. In particular, slowly progressive CPP is known to have a favorable height prognosis even without treatment. Another factor influencing the AH prognosis is the timing of GnRHa discontinuation; the best time to discontinue GnRHa therapy for the best AH outcome is reportedly the bone age of approximately 12 years. In conclusion, although GnRHa therapy significantly improves the AH, especially in early-onset CPP, its effectiveness is uncertain in borderline or late-onset cases. Further research is required to formulate more precise criteria for patient selection and treatment discontinuation to optimize the height outcome in girls with idiopathic CPP.
A System for Analysis and Simulating Hydraulic and Hydrogeological Risks Through WebGIS 3D Digital Platforms
Authors: Mazzei Mauro , Quaroni Davide
Published: December 2024

The research activity carried out has demonstrated how simulation tools developed through WebGIS3d digital platforms are capable of producing approximate forecasts on the effects of potentially catastrophic meteorological phenomena that may affect riverbeds in the territories observed. This work presents an analysis and simulation platform with graphic representation of the results in the form of three-dimensional animation. This methodology may represent a useful tool for all those bodies and organizations that need to create hypothetical scenarios for the management of emergencies related to flooding events of watercourses, especially in the areas of maximum hydrogeological vulnerability in the Italian territory. These scenarios are particularly useful in cases where watercourses are located near inhabited centers, industrial areas or strategic infrastructures, where the risk of material damage and danger to the population is greater. The simulation is based on the morphology of the land adjacent to the bed of the affected watercourse, taking elevation into account to determine the direction of expansion of the water mass.
Such scenarios are particularly useful in cases where watercourses are located near built-up areas, industrial areas or strategic infrastructures, where the risk of material damage and danger to the population is greater. The simulation is based on the morphology of the terrain adjacent to the affected watercourse bed, taking elevation into consideration to determine the direction of ex-pansion of the water mass.
A distinctive aspect of the platform is its extreme speed in the resolution of simulations, which also allows the tool to be used in real time. This means that during the occurrence of a meteoro-logical event, the platform can be used to monitor the evolution of the situation and predict the effects of any persistence of the phenomenon over time. This real-time forecasting capability is crucial for making quick and informed decisions, thus reducing reaction times and improving emergency management on the ground, with a potential positive impact on the safety of the population and the protection of infrastructure.
Study of the Deoxidizing Properties of a Complex Fe-Si-Mn-Al Alloy to Enhance the Efficiency of Steelmaking Processes
Authors: Zhuniskaliyev Talgat , Nurumgaliyev Assylbek , Zayakin Oleg , Kelamanov Bauyrzhan , Kuatbay Yerbol , Ulyeva Gulnara , Yerzhanov Almas , Mukhambetkaliyev Azamat , Renev Dmitrii , Tushiyev Tair
Published: December 2024

The study addresses the need to enhance steel properties through improved deoxidation processes, a critical stage in steel production. Traditional deoxidizers such as ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, and aluminum effectively remove oxygen but often lead to the formation of undesirable non-metallic inclusions, negatively impacting steel's mechanical properties. This research investigates the efficacy of complex Fe-Si-Mn-Al alloys as innovative deoxidizers, offering potential advantages in uniform inclusion distribution and mechanical property optimization. Semi-industrial and synthetic complex alloys were produced using high-ash coal, substandard manganese ores, and other materials, followed by metallographic and SEM analyses of deoxidized steel samples. The results highlight significant variations in microstructure, inclusion morphology, and hardness. Steel treated with complex alloys exhibited enhanced uniformity of inclusions and superior mechanical properties, including bainitic and martensitic structures with higher hardness values (up to 46.50 HRc). Compared to traditional deoxidizers, these alloys reduced the presence of detrimental inclusions like manganese sulfides and enhanced the distribution of oxides and nitrides. While martensitic structures offered high strength, challenges like brittleness were noted. This research underscores the potential of complex alloys to revolutionize steel deoxidation, providing pathways for producing high-strength, durable materials suitable for advanced industrial applications.
Could Pulsed Wave Tissue Doppler Imaging Solve the Diagnostic Dilemma of Right Atrial Masses and Pseudomasses? A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Sonaglioni Andrea , Nicolosi Gian Luigi , Muti-Schünemann Giovanna Elsa Ute , Lombardo Michele , Muti Paola
Published: December 2024

Even if rarely detected, right atrial (RA) masses represent a diagnostic challenge due to their heterogeneous presentation. Para-physiological RA structures, such as a prominent Eustachian valve, Chiari’s network and lipomatous atrial hypertrophy, may easily be misinterpreted as pathological RA masses, including thrombi, myxomas and vegetations. Each pathological mass should always be correlated with adequate clinical, anamnestic and laboratory data. However, the differential diagnosis between pathological RA masses may be challenging due to common con-stitutional symptoms, as in the case of vegetations and myxoma which present with fever, and analogous complications such as systemic embolism. The implementation of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) with pulsed wave (PW)-tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) may improve the visualization and differentiation of intracardiac masses through different color coding of the pathological structure compared to surrounding tissue. More remarkably, PW-TDI can provide a detailed assessment of the specific pattern of motion of each intracardiac mass, with important clinical implications. Specifically, TDI-derived pattern of incoherent motion is typical of right-sided thrombi, myxomas and vegetations, whereas right-sided pseudomasses are generally associated with a TDI pattern of concordant motion, synchronous with the cardiac cycle. An in-creased TDI-derived mass peak antegrade velocity may represent an innovative marker of the embolic potential of mobile right-sided pathological masses. During the last two decades, only a few authors have used TTE implemented with PW-TDI for characterization of intra-cardiac masses’ morphology and mobility. Herein, we report two clinical cases of totally different right-sided cardiac masses diagnosed using multimodality imaging approach including PW-TDI, followed at our Institution. The prevalence and physiopathological characteristics of the most relevant RA masses and pseudomasses encountered in clinical practice are described in the present narrative review. In addition, we will discuss the principal clinical applications of PW-TDI and its potential value in improving the differential diagnosis of pathological and para-physiological right-sided cardiac masses.
Surface Properties of Coatings Based on Iron Amino-Functionalized Oxides Deposited on Dh 36 Steel Plates for Shipbuilding
Authors: Testa Maria Luisa , Calabrese Carla , La Parola Valeria , Scolaro Cristina , Visco Annamaria , Cappello Simone , Liotta Leonarda Francesca
Published: December 2024

Nowadays, the development of eco-friendly paint formulations is part of the transition process to more sustainable materials, which involves many industrial fields such as offshore and shipbuilding where the deterioration of steel in seawater is a key factor. This article aims to produce suitable innovative coatings and test their protective action on DH 36 steel plates. Commercially available SiO2 and TiO2 were covalently modified with amino groups allowing two organic-inorganic hybrid materials for the immobilization of iron sites. The obtained powders were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, N2 physisorption, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Fe-based solids were used as filler for the design of ecological paint formulations which, in turn, were applied on the surface of metal prototype plates. The surface properties of the resulting coatings were examined by determination of thickness, water wettability, roughness, and cross-cut adhesion tests (before and after degradation test in seawater according to ASTM D 870-97 standard). Preliminary tests of the microbiological activity of the iron amino functionalized materials were carried out monitoring, as proof of concept, the growth of some bacterial strains through measurements of optical density.
Von Neumann- Morgenstern Hypergraphs
Authors: Vannucci Stefano
Published: December 2024

A simple hypergraph H with vertex set X and edge set E is representable as a family of Von Neumann- Morgenstern stable sets -or VNM- if there exists an irreflexive simple digraph D with vertex set X such that each edge of H is a VNM--stable set of D.
It is shown that a simple hypergraph H is VNM if and only if each edge of H is a maximal clique of the conjugation graph of H.
A related algorithm that identifies finite VNM-hypergraphs is also provided.
Application Strategies of Super-Enhancer RNA in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: He Yi , Cai Wei Yu , Cao Yan Yan , Wang Yan , Wang Jing , Ding Hu
Published: December 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of death worldwide. In recent years, enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) have gradually attracted attention because they offer new directions for the treatment of CVDs. This article reviews the characteristics of super-enhancer RNAs (seRNAs) and their expression and regulatory mechanisms in the cardiovascular system. We also explore their role in the occurrence and development of CVDs, as well as their potential as diagnostic markers and treatment targets. Currently, therapies targeting seRNAs are a research hotspot. The development of specific inhibitors or activators is expected to facilitate precise interventions for CVDs. In addition, the use of gene editing techniques to modify relevant eRNA introduce new possibilities for disease treatment.
Innovative Approach To Human-IoT Interaction Using Weak AI Models
Authors: Gismelbari Mohammed , Madaliev Andrew , Viksnin Ilya , Alhasan Ali , Gataullin Ruslan
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study is to explore and validate the potential of using brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) and electroencephalography (EEG) signals to control external devices, specifically unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The main problem of research is to integrate between human cognitive functions with Internet of things (IoT) devices, enabling hands-free control based on mental commands. Such an approach could transform fields where rapid, precise, and intuitive control is critical, including healthcare, search-and-rescue missions, and industrial automation. By capturing raw EEG data associated with simple motor commands, we demonstrate the feasibility of translating specific brainwave patterns into UAV instructions like "hover" and "land." The next phase will involve analog-to-digital processing and filtering to refine these signals, preparing them for machine learning algorithms to enhance command accuracy. Our findings highlight the promise of neural interfaces as a bridge between human thought and machine action, paving the way for advancements in IoT-based human-technology interaction.
Ceramide as a Promising Tool for Diagnosis and Treatment of Clinical Diseases: A Review of Recent Advances
Authors: Shen Xueping , Feng Rui , Zhou Rui , Zhang Chaoyang , Liu Kaiyong , Wang Sheng
Published: December 2024

Ceramide, a sphingolipid metabolite, has emerged as a key player in various physiological and pathological processes. Changes in ceramide levels are associated with the occurrence and development of various diseases, highlighting its potential as a biomarker of various clinical diseases. This review article provides an overview of the recent advances in understanding the role of ceramide in clinical diseases and its potential as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool. The biosynthesis and metabolism of ceramide are discussed, along with its functions in cell signaling, apoptosis, and inflammation. The article highlights the involvement of ceramide in several diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, dermatosis，cancer, neurodegenerative disorders and metabolic syndromes. For each disease, the potential of ceramide as a biomarker for disease diagnosis and prognosis is explored, and the therapeutic strategies targeting ceramide metabolism are reviewed. Additionally, the challenges and future directions in the field of ceramide research are addressed.
Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Neuroinflammation Intervention with Medicinal Plants: A Critical and Narrative Review of the Current Literature
Authors: Barbalho Sandra Maria , Leme Boaro Beatriz , da Silva Camarinha Oliveira Jéssica , Patočka Jiří , Barbalho Lamas Caroline , Tanaka Masaru , Laurindo Lucas Fornari
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: As neurodegenerative diseases become increasingly prevalent, there is a growing interest in natural therapeutic agents to address neuroinflammation, a critical factor in these disorders. With their historical use in traditional medicine, medicinal plants offer the potential for mitigating neuroinflammation. This review aimed to evaluate the effects of medicinal plants on neuroinflammation by conducting a thorough search across reputable databases. Summary: We reviewed studies that investigated the impact of medicinal plants on neuroinflammation, focusing on effective dosages, mechanisms of action, and clinical implications. We revealed the anti-inflammatory potential of plants such as Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala, Curcuma longa, Cannabis sativa, and Dioscorea nipponica. Although these studies highlight significant anti-inflammatory effects, variability in dosages and phytochemical compositions indicates the need for further research. Conclusions: Future studies should emphasize animal models, standardized protocols, and comprehensive safety assessments to facilitate the translation of findings into clinical trials. Additionally, integrating advanced methodologies such as genetic studies and nanomedicine could further enhance these plants' therapeutic potential.
Survey of Data-Driven Methods for Power Systems
Authors: G Rahul
Published: December 2024

The integration of renewable energy sources and distributed energy resources is transforming the electric power system, creating both opportunities for improved sustainability and challenges related to system complexity and uncertainty. While traditional model-based approaches have historically been used for power system analysis and control, the increasing availability of data from sensors, SCADA systems, and smart meters has spurred the development and application of data-driven methods. This survey paper provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art data-driven techniques applied to power systems, addressing key areas such as predictive analytics for forecasting, state estimation for real-time monitoring, fault detection and diagnosis for enhanced reliability, control and optimization for improved efficiency, and cybersecurity for enhanced grid resilience. These data-driven approaches offer advantages over traditional methods, including data-driven decision making, enhanced system understanding, improved system performance, and adaptation to changing operating conditions. By leveraging data analysis, these methods enable more accurate insights into system behavior, uncover hidden patterns, and optimize operations for improved reliability, efficiency, and security of the modern power grid.
New Biomarkers in the Prognostic Assessment of Acute Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: Beyond Natriuretic Peptides
Authors: Cortés Marcelino , Lumpuy-Castillo Jairo , García-Talavera Camila Sofía , Arroyo-Rivera María Belen , de Miguel Lara , Bollas-Becerra Antonio J , Romero-Otero Jose María , Esteban-Chapel Jose Antonio , Taibo-Urquía Mikel , Pello-Lázaro Ana María , González-Casaus María Luisa , Mahillo Ignacio , Lorenzo Oscar , Tuñón Jose
Published: December 2024

Natriuretic peptides are established biomarkers related to the prognosis of heart failure.New biomarkers have emerged in the area of cardiovascular disease. The prognostic value of these biomarkers in heart failure with reduced LVEF (HFrEF) is not well established.We conducted a prospective, single-centre study, including consecutively (July 2019 to March 2023) 104 patients admitted with a diagnosis of acute HFrEF decompensation.Median follow-up was 23.5 months, during which 20 deaths (19.4%) and 21 readmissions for heart failure (20.2%) were recorded. Plasma biomarkers such as NT-proBNP, GDF-15, sST2, uPAR, and FGF-23 were associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality. However, a Cox regressionanalysis showed that the strongest predictors of mortality were estimated glomerular filtration rate (HR 0.96 [0.93-0.98]), GDF-15 (HR 1.3 [1.16-1.45]), and sST2 (HR 1.2 [1.11-1.35]). The strongest predictive model was formed by the combination of glomerular filtration rate and sST2 (C-index 0.758). In conclusion, in patients with acute decompensated HFrEF, GDF-15 and sST2 showed the highest predictive power for all-cause mortality, superior to other established biomarkers such as natriuretic peptides. GDF-15 and sST2 may provide additional prognostic information to improve the prognostic assessment.
The Glass Transition: A Topological Perspective
Authors: Vesperini Arthur , Franzosi Roberto , Pettini Marco
Published: December 2024

Resorting to microcanonical ensemble Monte Carlo simulations, we study the geometric 1
and topological properties of the state space of a model of network glass-former. This model, a 2
Lennard-Jones binary mixture, does not crystallize due to frustration. We found, at equilibrium and 3
at low energy, two peaks of specific heat, in correspondence with important changes of local ordering. 4
These singularities are accompanied by inflection points of geometrical markers of the potential 5
energy level sets, namely the mean curvature, the dispersion of the principal curvatures and the 6
variance of the scalar curvature. Pinkall’s and Overholt’s theorems closely relate these quantities to 7
the topological properties of the accessible state-space manifold. Thus, our analysis provides strong 8
indications that the glass transition is associated with major changes of the topology of the energy 9
level sets. This important result suggests that this phase transition can be understood through the 10
topological theory of phase transitions.
FEATURES OF PROSTATE TUBERCULOSIS IN A 60-YEAR-OLD MALE PATIENT
Authors:   Izhevsk State Medical Academy, SYSOEV PAVEL G. , KHRABROV IVAN S. ,   Izhevsk State Medical Academy, KIRYANOV NIKOLAY A. ,   Izhevsk State Medical Academy, MUKHAMETOVA NAZILIA Т. ,   Izhevsk State Medical Academy, BURDIKINA SOFIA A. ,   Izhevsk State Medical Academy
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Tuberculosis of the prostate is a rare disease that can mimic chronic prostatitis, prostate
cancer, and benign prostatic hyperplasia for a long period of time. Prostate tuberculosis becomes evident only with
the development of destruction, massive fibrosis, and loss of organ function, where treatment is only possible through
complex, often multi-stage reconstructive surgical interventions. In this article, we describe a case of isolated prostatic
tuberculosis in a 60-year-old male patient. Six years passed from the onset of the first symptoms to the diagnosis of
the tuberculosis etiology of the disease. Aim. To analyze the clinical case of prostate tuberculosis in a 60-year-old man.
Materials and Methods. This article describes the clinical case of a 60-year-old male patient with tuberculosis affecting
the prostate. The patient underwent a comprehensive diagnosis for tuberculosis, such as luminescent microscopy of
sputum; detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA by polymerase chain reaction in urine and ejaculate; recombinant
tuberculosis allergen test; and chest X-ray. His prostate bioptate was examined pathomorphologically, along with
ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate, and measurement of prostate-specific antigen in the
blood. Results and Discussion. A 60-year-old man first sought medical attention in 2018 with complaints of difficult
urination with blood. A transrectal ultrasound of the prostate and prostate-specific antigen level measurement were
performed. He had self-medicated with furazidin for a month, after which his condition normalized. In early November
2023, he experienced persistent weakness and periodic evening fever reaching 37.3 degrees Celsius. Repeated
transrectal ultrasound and MRI examinations confirmed the focal findings from the previous ultrasound. A prostate biopsy
revealed the proliferation of fibrous tissue and productive chronic inflammation with granulomas and giant Langhans
cells in the prostate bioptate. Antituberculosis therapy was initiated, during which the patient’s condition improved, and
leukocyturia decreased. Conclusions. Thus, six years elapsed from the onset of the first symptoms to the diagnosis of
the tuberculosis etiology of the disease. This example represents a reminder to clinicians to consider excluding specific
processes, especially in cases of prolonged and recurrent inflammatory processes. Prostatic tuberculosis can occur
without confirmation using bacteriological, molecular-genetic, or immunological methods. Given this, prostate biopsy
is an important technique for the differential diagnosis of prostate diseases. Any case of active urogenital inflammation
should be regarded as potentially of tuberculous etiology.
PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS IN THE COMBINED TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE TUBERCULOSIS
Authors:   Novosibirsk Tuberculosis Research Institute, ZHUKOVA ELENA M. , MALKOVA TATYANA A. ,   Novosibirsk Tuberculosis Research Institute, SEROV OLEG A. ,   Novosibirsk Tuberculosis Research Institute
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Prevalence of multidrug-resistance tuberculosis requires the use of repurposed drugs,
considering the molecular mechanisms of drug resistance. Combining mycobacterium efflux pump inhibitors and anti-
tuberculosis drugs appears to be a potential synergistic combination for the treatment of multidrug-resistance tuberculosis.
Aim of the study was to examine the effectiveness of treatment of multidrug-resistance tuberculosis patients additionally
managed with proton pump inhibitor in the intensive phase of chemotherapy, including new anti-tuberculosis drugs,
bedaquiline and linezolid. Materials and Methods. A retrospective study was conducted in the medical records of 77
patients with infiltrative/disseminated multidrug-resistance tuberculosis/ pre-extensive drug resistance tuberculosis, who
were divided into 2 groups,. The main group consisted of 35 patients with concomitant gastrointestinal pathology who,
in addition to anti-tuberculosis therapy, received treatment with a proton pump inhibitor. The comparison group included 42 patients without gastrointestinal pathology who received only anti-tuberculosis therapy. Statistical data processing
was performed using Microsoft Excel 2007 and Statistica 6.0 by both nonparametric and parametric methods. Results
and Discussion. During therapy with a proton pump inhibitor, more pronounced favorable changes were detected in
the underlying disease. None of the patients had adverse reactions to combined therapy with a proton pump inhibitor
and anti-tuberculosis drugs. The achieved effect is associated with the ability of this drug to both inhibit the export of
anti-tuberculosis remedies in mycobacteria and activate immunocompetent cells, i.e., macrophages, with an increase in
their bactericidal properties. Conclusions. The use of a proton pump inhibitor in the intensive phase of chemotherapy
regimens, including new anti-tuberculosis drugs bedaquiline and linezolid, in multidrug-resistance tuberculosis patients
is safe and increases the frequency of closure of decay cavities and cessation of bacterial excretion (by 29.2% and
30.1% by the 4th month, respectively); as well as the elimination of clinical manifestations of the disease. The data
obtained can be used in the development of combination tuberculosis therapy, considering the molecular mechanisms
of drug resistance.
Human resource development effects on staff and the organization performance
Authors:   Pembangunan Jaya University, Siahaan Ronny , Sofyan Ahmad ,   Universitas Islam Negeri, Oktaviani Vina Medya ,   Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November, Hasyim Nur ,   Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November, Amir Ja’far ,   Universitas IPWIJA
Published: December 2024

The objective of the current paper is to investigate the impact of human resources development to improve productivity in financial organizations. The research was done in two ways - qualitative and quantitative. In qualitative approach, some financial experts were selected and after using a Delphi interview, some of the main performance indexes were considered. In the quantitative model, the productivity rate of the organization has been modeled based on the development of human resources and material capital of the organization, so that after designing the performance management model according to the intended indexes, the quantitative procedure was started in the form of the presented model. The statistical population includes 325 employees working in the Halal food industry with more than five years of experience. The research tools for evaluating individual, group and organization performance variables and enhancing productivity are researcher-made questionnaires, which were considered using content validity, and reliability which is determined utilizing internal consistency using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov method. The findings of the research show that the development of human resources affects the company’s performance through three factors: management, employee structure, and organizational structure. The square of the multiple correlation coefficient of the productivity improvement variable (0.88) shows that the independent factors of management performance explain 88% of the variance of them. The result of the research indicated that according to the fit indices of the model, the proposed model is an appropriate and accurate one for establishing the human resources performance model in order to enhance the productivity of Halal food companies.
Structural modeling as a tool for assessing mechanisms of targeted social assistance in Kazakhstan
Authors:   «RATIONAL SOLUTION» LLP, Zhailauov Yerlan , Pritvorova Tatyana ,   «RATIONAL SOLUTION» LLP, Kenzhebekov Nurzhan ,   Karaganda University of Kazpotrebsoyuz, Atabayeva Assiya ,   Karaganda Buketov University, Bektleeva Dina ,   Esil University
Published: December 2024

In our research, we assess the mechanisms of targeted social assistance in Kazakhstan based on the processing of the results of a social poll of civil servants accepting applications for payments, using the Partial Least Squares Path Modeling (PLS-PM). The model allows building complex multidimensional relationships between observed and latent variables. We established a relationship between a set of indicators of the system’s effectiveness as a dependent variable, and factors of direct influence, methods and tools for ensuring targeting as independent variables. A number of problems in the current system of targeted social assistance were identified, concerning its target guidelines, the balance of benefits and obligations, the institutional environment, and specific recommendations for overcoming them were prepared.
THE EFFECT OF SELECTED FACTORS ON REARING PERFORMANCE OF CHAROLAIS CALVES
Authors:   Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland, PYTLEWSKI Jarosław , ANTKOWIAK Ireneusz R. ,   Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland, CZERNIAWSKA-PIĄTKOWSKA Ewa ,   Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of selected factors on rearing performance
of Charolais calves to day 90 of life. The experimental material comprised 83 Charolais cows calving
in the winter and spring seasons and calves they reared (84 head) to day 90 of life. All calves born by
the experimental females were weighed at birth and then at days 30, 60 and 90 of life. Calves were
also subjected to zoometric measurements. Their height at sacrum and width at hips were measured
at days 10 and 30 of life. The increments for height at sacrum and width at hips between day 10 and 30
of life were calculated for the calves. Rearing indexes of the calves were assessed in terms of calf sex
(heifer vs. bull calves), calving season (winter vs. spring), successive calving of the cow (1, 2, 3 and
>3), parturition type (normal vs. dystocia), body condition of the cow after calving (good vs. poor). It
was shown that rearing performance of Charolais calves to day 90 of life was significantly affected
by their sex, calving season, parturition type and body condition of the dam during calving. The most
advantageous results for the assessed rearing parameters of Charolais calves to day 90 of life were
recorded for male animals born in the winter season coming from normal births and produced by dams
in good body condition during parturition.
Generative AI in K12: Analytics From Early Adoption
Authors: Bolender Brad , Vispoel Sara , Converse Geoff , Koprowicz Nick , Song Dan , Osaro Sarah
Published: December 2024

The integration of generative AI in K12 education and assessment development holds the potential to revolutionize instructional practices, assessment development, and content alignment. This article presents analytical insights and findings from early adoption studies utilizing AI-powered tools developed by Finetune—Generate and Catalog. Generate enhances the efficiency of assessment item development through customized natural language generation, producing high-quality, psychometrically valid items. Catalog intelligently tags and aligns educational content to various standards and frameworks, improving precision and reducing subjectivity. Through three comprehensive case studies, we explore the practical applications, benefits, and lessons learned from employing these AI systems in real-world educational settings. The purpose of this series of studies was to investigate the ways generative AI is currently being used in practical applications in test development to improve processes and products. The studies demonstrate significant reductions in time and costs, enhanced accuracy, and consistency in content alignment, and improved quality of educational and assessment materials. The findings underscore the substantial benefits and critical importance of customized AI systems, rigorous training for both AI models and users, and adopting appropriate evaluation metrics. With the use of off-the-shelf generative AI models expanding rapidly, it is vital that the effectiveness of AI systems that are highly customized through collaborations with measurement experts be presented, in order to maximize benefits and uphold the fundamental principles and best practices of test development.
Investigating Sampling Impacts on an LLM-Based AI Scoring Approach: Prediction Accuracy and Fairness
Authors: Zhang Mo , Johnson Matthew , Ruan Chunyi
Published: December 2024

AI scoring capabilities are commonly implemented in educational assessments as a supplement or replacement to human scoring, with significant interest in leveraging large language models for scoring. In order to use AI scoring capability responsibly, the AI scores should be accurate and fair. In this study, we explored one approach to potentially mitigate bias in AI scoring by using equal-allocation stratified sampling for AI model training. The data set included 13 open-ended short-response items in a K-12 state science assessment. Empirical results suggested that stratification did not improve or worsen fairness evaluations on the AI models. BERT based AI scoring models resulting from the stratified sampling method but trained on much less data performed comparably to models resulting from simple random sampling in terms of overall prediction accuracy and fairness on the subgroup level. Limitations and future research are also discussed.
Justification of the need for organizing geriatric care to the population of the Republic of South Ossetia.
Authors:   Military Medical Academy of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation, Naniev S. O. ,   Moscow Medical and Social Institute, Makiev R. G. ,   Military Medical Academy of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation, Karailanov M. G. ,   Military Medical Academy of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Akhmineeva A.Kh. ,   Military Medical Academy of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

In the context of global population aging, the study of geriatric care in the Republic of South Ossetia is of particular relevance. The increasing proportion of older people in South Ossetia and the Russian Federation requires significant changes in the health care system to adequately meet the specific needs of this category of citizens. The World Health Organization predicts that by 2050 the number of people over 60 years of age will double, highlighting the need to introduce geriatric care as a key element of healthcare.
The article discusses the main problems associated with multiple chronic diseases in elderly patients, which necessitates an integrated approach and multidisciplinary interaction of medical specialists. International experience is analyzed, including the creation of specialized geriatric services and the use of telemedicine technologies, which can serve as a model for the further development of the geriatric care system in the region.
Taking into account the forecast that by 2030 25% of the Russian population will be citizens over 65 years of age, the organization of geriatric care is becoming a priority. The purpose of this work is to substantiate the need to develop and implement geriatric care in the
Republic of South Ossetia to improve the quality of life of older citizens and comply with modern world trends.
Dashboard application: enhancing operational efficiency of the Reference Center.
Authors:   Scientific and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Vasilev Y. A. , Shulkin I. M. ,   Scientific and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Vladzymyrskyy A. V. ,   Scientific and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Ivanova G. V. ,   Scientific and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Reshetnikov R. V. ,   Scientific and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Healthcare Department
Published: December 2024

Management of a medical organization using verifiable data requires processing large volumes of information that come from an everchanging environment. The authors of this paper have developed a dashboard software application called “MRC Medicine.” This universal and interactive tool is capable of presenting key information about processes and events in a user-friendly format.
Goal: to evaluate the experience of the Moscow Reference Center for Radiology (MRC) in managing routine operations using the dashboard application.
Materials and methods. The study took place between January 1, 2021, and January 1, 2024. The figures reflecting diagnostic procedures, radiology reports, and medical personnel were acquired from the Unified Radiological Information Service of the Unified Medical Information and Analytical System of Moscow (ERIS EMIAS).
Results. MRC Medicine features an analytical dashboard capable of presenting statistics aggregated over the entire period of its operation, a year or a week. The application also tracks the number of radiology examinations by modality and contains various filters such as report types, reimbursement methods, and specialists. This instrument enables tracking the relationship between the number of
doctors and their radiology report output. It also allows ranking doctors based on performance, evaluating the need for additional specialists based on study volume, and visualizing data on report writing time. Using the tool to manage daily operations at MRC has resulted in a significant reduction in average CT turnaround time compared to 2020–2022 (1.62 hours vs. 4.86 hours) Conclusions. The analytical dashboard ensures data availability to support effective management decision-making. It also tracks the key indicator of radiologists’ performance: report writing time. The effectiveness of the solution is evidenced by the significant reduction in CT report writing time mentioned earlier.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих интерес (VOI) и находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 14 по 20 декабря 2024 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Краснов Ярослав , Осина Наталья , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: December 2024

В обзоре представлена информация по циркулирующим в настоящее время вариантам вируса SARS-COV-2 Omicron вызывающих интерес (VOI) и находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), геномные последовательности которых размещены в международной базе данных GISAID за неделю с 14 по 20 декабря 2024 г.
El trasvase de la funcionalidad de los referentes sexuales en la animación para adultos
Authors: Serandi Manuel Raúl , Rodríguez Martínez Manuel Cristóbal
Published: December 2024

La traducción de los referentes sexuales es un campo prácticamente inexplorado en términos de investigación académica. Esta misma situación es la que presenta, a su vez, la traducción de la animación para adultos. Por este motivo, en este artículo, se pretende establecer unas bases teóricas para la traducción del sexo, así como para la traducción de la animación para adultos. Para ello, es necesario exponer el desarrollo de estos campos y cómo se ha llegado a la situación actual. Esta teoría se pone en práctica de manera conjunta a través del análisis de la funcionalidad de la traducción para el doblaje de la serie de animación para adultos Big Mouth (temporadas 1). Esta serie es original de Estados Unidos y valoramos su percepción en España. El trasvase de la funcionalidad de los referentes sexuales en esta serie se mide con ejemplos en los que la traducción es homofuncional, otros en los que pierde carga pragmática y otros en los que gana carga pragmática. Los resultados muestran un trasvase de la homofuncionalidad adecuado, aunque también se han localizado casos en los que se produce un cambio en la carga pragmática de los referentes sexuales presente en la serie objeto de estudio.
Los comentarios globales de los docentes en el aula de traducción especializada
Authors: Andújar Moreno Gemma , Cañada Pujols Maria Dolors
Published: December 2024

La investigación sobre retroalimentación en didáctica de la traducción es relativamente escasa, pese a su importante valor formativo. Por lo general, la retroalimentación correctiva escrita que se ofrece a los estudiantes de traducción procede del profesorado y puede adoptar diversas formas. El presente estudio analiza los comentarios generales escritos que el profesor añade a la traducción antes de devolvérsela al estudiante. Para ello, se creó un corpus compuesto por comentarios generales escritos de cuatro profesores pertenecientes a tres universidades españolas en un total de 48 traducciones juradas realizadas por estudiantes. A continuación, se analizó el corpus en función tanto del enfoque del comentario como de su forma. Para ello, se prestó atención a elementos como el tipo de acto de habla expresado por el comentario y las estrategias de cortesía o atenuación que conllevaba. Los resultados muestran que la retroalimentación escrita que se proporciona en forma de comentarios generales correspondía a un modelo de comunicación unidireccional profesor-estudiante, con el elogio y la crítica como actos de habla predominantes. Asimismo, los comentarios tendían a centrarse en la calidad de la traducción jurada y no abordaban el proceso de traducción. Estos comentarios apuntan a la necesidad de replantear las características de los comentarios que ofrecen los docentes para maximizar su utilidad en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.