bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetically Modified Foods for Sustainable Food Security: Debunking the Myths
Authors: Thangarajan Harishaa , Remesh Sivainesh Devi , Suraish Kumar Prissha , Ravi Chandran Arvind Raj , Rajaendran Shaarmila , Sandrasaigaran Pratheep
Published: July 2022

The world food production may not support the population that is growing at an exponential rate. Genetically modified crops and foods may therefore provide solutions for such shortcomings. However, uncertainties and myths such as the socio-economic impact of genetically modified foods on humans, the environmental and health risks may impede the use of these foods and instil fear among the public. Contrarily, it was learned that genetically modified crops and foods were generally deliver a positive outlook as they improved the socio-economic qualities in the farmers of third world countries. Besides, it was also noted that the genetically modified crops and foods impose a minimal adverse effect on the environment and human health while more benefits were attested. As genetically modified crops and foods seem to be more advantageous to humanity in general, long-term studies and meta-analyses are still required to ascertain the safety of these genetically modified organisms as staple foods.
Effect of Taiji post-standing on the brain analyzed with EEG signals
Authors: Lin Qiang
Published: July 2022

Taiji post standing is a supplementary exercise for Taiji, which aids the internal function of the body and brain. Taiji post standing is usually considered to be helpful for human health. However, few studies have explored the mechanism of this exercise using modern measurement devices. This study for the first time explores the effect of Taiji post-standing on the human brain with participants wearing EEG signal measurement devices. Based on our studies of participants, who were selected to practice three different Taiji posts, the experimental results provide evidence that standing Taiji posts can help people to relax, and they also found it easier to meditate. It is considered that this method of investigation can also be carried out for other Taiji exercises, and it will be possible to gain a greater understanding of the complex health regulation mechanism of Taiji.
Canadian environmental health officer perceptions of barriers to research utilization in everyday and emergency practice
Authors: Bourne Shawna , Kothari Anita , Wathen Nadine , Polzer Jessica
Published: July 2022

Understanding the barriers to research utilization (RU) experienced by Environmental Health Officers (EHOs) facilitates evidence use and improved outcomes in both normal and emergency practice. The purposes of this study were to (i) understand the barriers to research use in the everyday work of EHOs and (ii) determine how these barriers change in the context of emergency practice. The Barriers to Research Utilization (BARRIERS) Scale was disseminated to a cross-sectional sample of Canadian EHOs. Responses were analyzed using measures of central tendency. Data were collected during a typical work period in 2012 (311 respondents) and during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 (82 respondents). The three greatest barriers to RU identified by EHOs at both points in time were (i) a lack of authority to implement changes in practice, (ii) a lack of time to review research, and (iii) a lack of time to implement research findings. Mean ratings were not statistically different in 2012 and 2020. The consistency of the top three barriers to RU suggests they are particularly embedded in EHO practice in Canada, indicating that they are useful intervention targets to increase RU. Further, it can be inferred that targeted interventions to support RU will benefit outcomes in both normal and emergency situations. More research is needed to understand the embedded structural and organizational issues influencing EHO practice behaviour.
A legislative scan and literature review of lifeguard staffing requirements at public swimming pools in Canada
Authors: Gomes Allison , Young Ian , Hon Chun-Yip
Published: July 2022

Within the Ontario public pool legislation, a certain number of lifeguards are required for a given number of bathers in a pool at a given time. Of note, these ratios vary across Canada, and there is little to no scientific evidence given for the required lifeguard to bather ratios in legislation or if they are sufficient to ensure bather safety. Our objective was to perform a legislative scan of Canadian public pool legislation as well as a literature review of scientific evidence to support the ratios used in legislation. A case study was also conducted to illustrate the methods found in the literature and apply it to a pool scenario using the lifeguard:bather ratios prescribed in the Ontario legislation. Using keywords across databases, papers were categorized based on five elements that correspond to a proper water rescue (ratio, scanning, technique, vigilance, scanning cues, and zoning). The literature review indicated that more lifeguards allow for a heightened vigilance, an increase in proper scanning technique, as well as coverage of zones. However, more research must be conducted with regards to proper staffing. Additional research should also be conducted to determine the ideal lifeguard:bather ratio, as there is a lack of standardization of these ratios across Canada.
Trägheit und Raum: Kant und Euler
Authors: Görg Erdmann
Published: July 2022

Kant’s natural philosophy in the Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science is heavily influenced by Newton’s Principia. However, a closer look makes it clear that Kant’s project has also been influenced by other thinkers. One of these thinkers is Leonard Euler. His work was of great influence for Kant, not only with regards to his view on space and inertia but on the relation between metaphysics and natural science in general. Even though Euler’s Physics built on Newton’s work, he differs from him in fundamental regards, leading to crucial developments inside classical mechanics. Here I will discuss the influence of Euler on the work of Kant and focus on Euler’s view on the two entangled problems of inertia and space. It will become clear that both Euler and Kant went through a development concerning these fundamental notions. After shortly highlighting the differences between Kant and Newton (1), I shall go through the development of important parts of Euler’s natural philosophy concerning the above mentioned themes. I intend to demonstrate that he, through his refutation of Wolffianism, became an advocate for the necessity of absolute space but also denied the existence of an internal force of inertia (2). After that I will show how Kant’s reading of Euler lead to crucial changes of his natural philosophy in particular and his philosophical enterprise in general. I therefore analyze Kant’s revision of his theory of space and inertia in his precritical writings. Building upon that, I will show the influence of these thoughts on his Metaphysical Foundations (3).
Report of the Roundtable “The Relevance of Hermann Cohen’s Philosophy”
Authors: Belov Vladimir N.
Published: July 2022

This report of the roundtable that took place on 25 November 2021 at The Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) attempts to explain the obvious growth of interest in Neo-Kantian philosophy in general and the philosophy of the head of the Marburg School of Neo-Kantianism, Hermann Cohen, in particular. In their contributions, the participants in the discussion demonstrated that the current interest in Neo-Kantianism does not solely or even largely have to do with the history of philosophy but rather with the relevance of many of the ideas of Marburg Neo-Kantianism for the modern theory of cognition, the philosophy of culture, ethics and the philosophy of religion. The course of the discussion highlighted the relevance of Cohen’s theory of cognition based on logic and rationality. The main outcome of the discussion was the conviction that the potential of many of Cohen’s ideas has yet to be fully tapped and there are grounds for considering them to be heralds of a new philosophy which, in many of its features, is only maturing.
Implementing the lexical approach in an integrated English e-course
Authors: Navas Brenes
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this work is to observe and analyze if a group of thirty students of an integrated English e-course could benefit from the explicit teaching of five lexical groups and the pedagogical principles behind the Lexical Approach. These low-intermediate students (CEFR, A2) took an Integrated English e-course at the School of Modern Languages, University of Costa Rica (UCR). To begin with, the target group took a short diagnostic test related to the five lexical groups to determine their prior knowledge on such aspect. To assess the level of improvement reached, the students received explicit instruction on five lexical groups as part of the writing components of this team-taught course. After this, the instructor revised 120 compositions (60 drafts and 60 final versions). Then, after intensive practice through a series of activities based on the Lexical Approach, they took a final instrument to measure how much they have learned throughout the virtual course. The results show a positive effect of explicit instruction of lexical units on student's writing outcomes and their post test.
Analysis of the factors predicting curriculum literacy of preservice teachers
Authors: Ozudogru Fatma
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to explore the factors predicting curriculum literacy of preservice teachers in terms of some variables, such as gender, taking Curriculum Development in Education course, department, and critical thinking disposition. The research used a relational-correlational survey research design. The participants of the research were 336 seniors who were studying in various departments of the Education Faculty at Usak University. The research data were collected via the "Curriculum Literacy Perception Scale" and the "Critical Thinking Disposition Scale". The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation), Pearson correlation analysis and Hierarchical Multiple Regression. The research findings indicated that a medium level correlation was identified between curriculum literacy and critical thinking. It was also revealed that gender, taking Curriculum Development in Education course and department comprising the first model were significant predictors of curriculum literacy and explained 8% of curriculum literacy. As for the critical thinking sub-dimensions comprising the second model, except tenacity-patience and open-mindedness sub-dimensions, metacognition, flexibility and systematicity were significant predictors of curriculum literacy and explained 25% of curriculum literacy. Based on the findings, the Curriculum Development in Education course may be suggested to be offered as a mandatory course for all departments of education faculty. It is also suggested that education faculty focus on enhancing the critical thinking of preservice teachers.
Determining the sample in the language oriented qualitative researches
Authors: Janusheva Violeta , Talevski Jove , Pejchinovska-Stojkovikj Milena
Published: July 2022

Among other aspects, the quantitative researchers point out that defining the research sample is an extremely important question which contributes to the research validity and objectivity, thus raising dillemas on specifying the sample in the qualitative researches related to language phenomena and questions. Therefore, this paper aims to answer the question: How can the sample be determined in the language oriented qualitative research, taking into consideration three different qualitative research scenarios developed by the authors, which, in fact, serve as a sample. The analysis of these scenarios exploits the general qualitative interpretative/inductive approach. The research results clearly show the complex process of choosing the sample, indicating that in the language qualitative researches the decision on the sample depends on the research question and the research goal, that the sample cannot be determined in advance due to the nature of the qualitative researches and that the sample directs the researches in many ways. Thus, determining the sample is an ongoing and constant process of feeding the research question with new information until the saturation is achieved and in the same time, while sampling, the researcher is, in fact, analyzing the data. This research has theoretical and practical implications as well, especially for those who are challenged to conduct the qualitative research on language issues. It provides them with knowledge that broadens their horizons and makes them aware of the qualitative researches' relevance and, in particular, of the sample determination.
Morphometric parameters of the proximal femoral epiphysis and their effect on the hip joint
Authors: Varda Jovan , Valčić Vanja , Blagojević Valentina
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The femur is a long bone (ossa longa) that forms the hip and knee joints, supporting the weight of almost the entire body. This study is based on analyzing certain angles on the proximal femur that represent anthropometrically and surgically significant parameters, with clinical significance in diseases such as metabolic and degenerative bone disorders, arthritis, various hip trauma and disease. Aim: Determining the significance of certain morphometric parameters of the proximal femur and exploration of their impact on the hip joint. Material and methods: This cross-sectional study encompasses measuring four parameters: shaft length, the collodiaphyseal angle (CDA), the medial proximal femoral angle (MPFA) and the lateral proximal femoral angle (LPFA), on adult femora belonging to the archive of the Institute of anatomy "Niko Miljanić" of the Univerisity of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine. A digital goniometer precise to two decimal places was used for all measurements. Results: Forty-seven femora were examined, 25 of which were left and 22 right femora of unknown gender and age, since none of the examined parameters could be used in procuring such information. The average femoral shaft length was 39.9 ± 2.7 cm, the shortest 34.8 cm and the longest 45.7 cm. The Collodiaphyseal angle (CDA) was 127.64 ± 4.25° on average, with the minimum being 119.1° and the maximum 137.7°. Average LPFA was 87.21 ± 3.07°, the lowest 81.6 and the highest 93.0°. Finally, MPFA was 86.9 ± 3.73° on average, with the smallest being 78.7° and the largest 94.5°. The Medial proximal femoral angle of right femora was significantly lower than the MPFA of left femora (p = 0,016). Conclusion: Eleven samples had a CDA below normal (< 124°), with three being defined as coxa vara (CDA < 120°). One had a CDA above normal (> 135°), being defined as coxa valga. Outside of reference values, LPFA was determined on 11 samples, being below normal (<85°) in all of them, whilst MPFA had 13 with only one of them being below normal (< 80°).
Assessment of the functional significance of borderline stenosis by determining coronary flow reserve, after primary percutaneous infarct artery intervention by stent implantation
Authors: Čolić Irena , Vasilev Vladimir , Dobrić Milan
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Patients with myocardial infarction who are effectively treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) may have significant coronary artery stenosis that is not responsible for current myocardial infarction. Non-infarction artery stenosis can cause serious adverse cardiac events, which can be avoided by performing PCI. Coronary flow reserve (CFR) is defined as the ratio of the hyperemic mean blood flow velocity to the resting blood flow velocity for a given coronary artery. Coronary flow reserve decreases with increasing severity of the lesion. Aim: Determination of CFR prognostic value in patients with residual intermediate stenosis on non-infarcted artery after PCI. Material and methods: The prospective study included 106 patients treated at the University Clinical Center of Serbia in the period from July 2007 to December 2014. Coronary flow reserve was performed on a non-infarcted coronary artery with intermediate stenosis (40-70%). Adenosine was administered intravenously for two minutes to induce hyperemia at a dose of 140 mcg/kg/min. It was calculated as the ratio of the maximum diastolic flow rate under hyperemia and the maximum flow rate under basal conditions. Patients were invited for follow-up at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months to determine the occurrence of composite adverse events, which included: cardiac death, stroke, myocardial infarction, and myocardial revascularization (non-infarction lesion). Results: In our group of patients, 18 adverse events were reported during follow-up. A statistically highly significant difference (p < 0.001) in CFR values was found in patients with adverse events compared to patients without adverse events. The CFR >2 value had a high negative predictive value (95%) for the absence of adverse events. Conclusion: In patients with CFR > 2, revascularization can be safely delayed with continued optimal drug therapy.
The trasformation of bilateral monopoly into a market condition of monemporium
Authors: Meta Mehmed
Published: July 2022

Pure monopoly (supply side monopoly), where against one seller of particular products which doesn't have close substitutes stand many buyers, as well as the market state of a pure monopsony (demand side monopoly) are theoretical models. In practice such market conditions is hard to find. The aim of this paper is to point out the problem of the equilibrium of an enterprise in the conditions when one company with a monopsonic position on a market of inputs sells its product only to one firm which has a monopoly position in the market of its output, which actually means solving the problem of equilibrium of the enterprise in the conditions of bilateral monopoly. By integrating these enterprises, the market condition of the bilateral monopoly is going to be transformed into a new structure, well-known as the market state of the monemporium. The integrated enterprise has an extremely strong market power manifested through both on the side of selling its output and on the procurement of production inputs. The problem of the equilibrium of such an enterprise and the economic implications, especially those that have a reflection on the level of profit, are a particular area of interests in this paper.
What is strategy: Basic terms and definitions
Authors: Lisse Stanislav
Published: July 2022

It seems that everyone needs a strategy. Governments have a lot of them: extraordinary - forced, regular-planned: strategies to fight against COVID19, strategy of "fiscal" accounts, strategies to help those endangered by the fall suspension of economic activities, strategies for general health care, energy clean, "green" energy, housing construction, capital investments, etc. Each policy area seems more meaningful if there is a strategy behind it. Similarly, no company these days would dare admit that it lacks strategy. Strategy is synonymous with victory. Having a strategy has always meant having a plan to win not just one battle, but an entire war. And why is it important to have a business strategy? Having a clear and focused strategy is crucial to the potential success of your business, and without a well-defined and executed strategy your business can slip into a dead end, stall, or even fail.
El uso de la Realidad Virtual Inmersiva en las aulas: un meta-análisis
Authors: Roda-Segarra Jacobo , Mengual-Andrés Santiago , Martínez-Roig Rosabel
Published: July 2022

A pesar de que los primeros diseños de dispositivos para acceder a mundos virtuales generados por ordenador datan de hace más de medio siglo, han tenido que confluir dos factores para que, en los últimos años, se haya producido una eclosión de proyectos relacionados con la Realidad Virtual: el primero es el progresivo aumento de la potencia de cálculo de los ordenadores de propó- sito general, mientras que el segundo es el abaratamiento de los dispositivos necesarios para acceder a esta tecnología. El presente estudio realiza un meta-análisis de 15 proyectos educativos en los que se utiliza la tecnología de la Realidad Virtual Inmersiva en las aulas entre los años 2015 y 2020, ana- lizando variables como los objetivos que perseguían, la etapa y curso, la materia objeto del proyecto, así como el tipo de dispositivo utilizado y el software entre otros. Los resultados revelan que una gran parte de los proyectos tuvieron lugar en 2020, y cuyos objetivos se dirigieron a motivar hacia un campo de conocimiento o a estudiar la efectividad en la adquisición de los conceptos. También se ha identificado que educación secundaria ha sido la etapa que ha contado con más iniciativas, y que mayoritariamente se ha recurrido a dispositivos low-cost como Google Cardboard. Sin embargo, esta homogeneidad en cuanto a hardware no se ha identificado en lo referente al software, mucho más fragmentado, lo que deja a relucir las dificultades que pueden tener los docentes a la hora de seleccionar herramientas adecuadas para las iniciativas de Realidad Virtual Inmersiva.
Las prácticas formativas en Ciencias Sociales: una comparación entre el Trabajo Social y la Sociología
Authors: Manzanera Ruíz Roser , Medina Rodríguez María del Valle
Published: July 2022

Las prácticas profesionales en la disciplina del Trabajo Social en España se remontan a la década de 1960. En 2010 la enseñanza se convertirá en un título de Grado universitario. Este ar- tículo responde a tres objetivos fundamentales: conocer las habilidades que aportan las enseñanzas prácticas y profesionales a los estudiantes de Trabajo Social y Sociología; investigar cómo contri- buyen las prácticas formativas a la práctica profesional crítica en ambas disciplinas y en resolución de problemas del trabajo social; identificar cuáles son los puntos fuertes y débiles de las prácticas profesionales en el trabajo social, sus causas y consecuencias. Se utiliza una metodología cualitativa con análisis de fuentes secundarias y entrevistas semiestructuradas a los actores involucrados en las prácticas formativas de cada grado. Los resultados muestran cómo el Plan Bolonia, por una par- te, ha fortalecido áreas de conocimiento cómo el trabajo social, frente a otras con mayor tradición académica como la sociología, ampliando sus prácticas formativas, aportando mayores perspectivas críticas y permitiendo una mejor integración entre teoría y práctica; en contrapartida también se muestran debilidades, a saber: la insuficiente oferta de centros formativos, la desconexión entre los grupos de supervisión y, consecuentemente la diferenciación en la formación del propio alumnado.
Russia as part of the Eurasian Economy in the modern era of transformation of the world market: economic security
Authors: Vakarev Aleksander Alekseevich , Vinogradov Valerii Valerievich , Ievleva Natal'ya Vladimirovna , Vinnichenko Aleksandr Sergeevich , Kotel'nikova Dina Valerievna
Published: July 2022

The subject of the study is the system of relations related to ensuring the economic security of Russia as part of the Eurasian economy in the conditions of the current global crisis, and the choice of the main directions of its development in the presence of Western and Eurasian models of positioning in the world economy.The object of the study is the state of the world market in modern conditions in its dialectical dualism of the presence of Western and Eurasian models of positioning of national economies. The authors consider in detail such aspects of the topic as the problem of the presence in the modern global economy of two main concepts as part of the development of the modern world market: financial and industrial. Particular attention is paid to which groups of countries are developing within the framework of these concepts, and Russia's position in relation to them is determined from the standpoint of ensuring its economic security.     The main conclusions of the study are the following: - there are two main models in the modern market: the Western one, which is based on the priority development of the financial market; and the Eurasian one, which is based on the development of real production; - Russia in recent decades has sought to develop according to the Western model, but has a high degree of adaptation to the Eurasian one, especially due to the development of extractive industries; - the way out of the current crisis is likely to involve a shift in global emphasis from the financial concept of development to the production one. In these conditions, it makes special sense for Russia to develop and implement a comprehensive program for closer integration into the Eurasian economy. It is this integration that will give economic security a qualitatively new level. A special contribution of the authors is to identify the main directions of Russian economic and managerial activities to ensure the repositioning of the country's economy according to the Eurasian model after the end of the current crisis. The novelty of the study lies in the statistical substantiation of the parameters of the difference between the Western and Eurasian models.
Environmental investment is a powerful "support" for the progressive and sustainable growth of the post-pandemic economy of Russia
Authors: Kormishkina Ludmila Aleksandrovna , Kormishkin Evgenij Danilovich
Published: July 2022

The objective need for environmental investment to overcome the reproduction of anti-sustainable environmental trends in the modern Russian economy and its post-pandemic recovery is substantiated. Environmental investments that meet the criteria of the global ESG agenda are positioned as responsible in their essence and transformative in their functional role. Original scientific judgments are presented on the impact of such investments on the dynamics and intensity of "green" innovations (new technologies, production processes, supply chains capable of solving issues of waste processing and industrial reproduction of raw materials from waste resources, as well as the use of alternative energy sources, etc.), which are able to generate long-term and sustainable growth of aggregate factor productivity (TFP) and ensure the radical transformations of the economic system associated with the formation of a "green" circular economy.   Regressive models (growth curves) have been constructed for the current domestic economy, taking into account the volume of environmental investment, confirming the hypothesis of the "weakness" of this process in the Russian Federation, including due to the lack of significant changes in the state environmental policy. The minimum necessary economic tools of the state policy in the field of stimulating environmental investment in Russia have been formed in order to post-pandemic recovery of its economy and ensure long-term sustainable growth of TFP. The conducted research makes a certain contribution to the development of the theory of endogenous economic growth by taking into account the impact of environmental investment, which is initially focused on the effective use of natural capital, on the maximum involvement of waste resources in economic turnover, the replacement of traditional production technologies with environmentally friendly or low-carbon, the improvement of ecosystems, the production potential of the economy, the quality of the environment and social changes.
On clarifying the quality control of software products
Authors: Tikhanychev Oleg Vasilyevich
Published: July 2022

Despite the extensive volume of experience in the field of control automation, there are quite a lot of problems in the process of developing automated systems, including those related to the development of application software for them. With this in mind, the process of software development of automated control systems is chosen as the subject of research. The object of the study is a model of quality control of this process. Currently, legal regulation of software quality control is based on a paradigm that determines that the quality of programs will be checked exclusively for compliance with the requirements of the terms of contract. But, as practice has shown, such a paradigm does not fully meet modern conditions, providing not full-fledged quality control -- the verification of compliance of programs with customer expectations formulated at the stage of system design is needed. To find ways to solve the problem, the article uses general scientific methods of analysis. Based on the analysis of currently used methods and models of software testing, proposals for clarifying the paradigm of its evaluation and control are synthesized. The article formulates a scientific and practical problem and suggests a possible approach to its solution based on the refinement of the quality assessment paradigm currently used, on the transition from a "rigid", preset model to an expanded quality assessment model that takes into account not only the requirements of the terms of the contract, but also the conditions for their implementation. The novelty of the proposed approach lies in the fact that the solution of the formulated task will provide an overall improvement in the quality of control by improving the safety and effectiveness of programs based on the transition to the use of an extended dynamic testing model of the software being developed, implemented within the framework of a refined quality assessment paradigm
Modeling of bodies with spherical pores by generalized linear interpolation
Authors: Damdinova Tatiana Tsybikovna , Ayusheev Tumen Vladimirovich , Balzhinimaeva Svetlana Mikhailovna , Abatnin Aleksandr Andreevich
Published: July 2022

The article offers a description of parametric objects with spherical pores by generalized linear interpolation. Increasing the volume of high-resolution image data requires the development of algorithms capable of processing large images with reduced computational costs. Numerical data on the geometry of the pores of the object under study are transformed into the geometry of bodies consisting of octagonal portions of cubic shape. Parametric porous objects can model both the shape and the isoparametric interior. Often, this type of parametric bodies is used as initial or boundary conditions in numerical modeling to demonstrate internal modeling. To form a body of complex shape, parametric solid-state elements can be connected together. The continuity between the elements can be determined in the same way as when modeling cubic parametric splines. A lot of research is devoted to the reconstruction of the geometric structure of porous materials based on digital images of objects for a better understanding and representation of physical processes in a porous medium. A detailed understanding of the microstructure can be used to determine physical properties, and then to evaluate and improve the characteristics of simulated objects and processes in them. The article presents the results of the proposed algorithm in the MathCAD environment and software processing of a porous body based on digital images.
Age and diet shape the genetic architecture of body weight in diversity outbred mice
Authors: Wright Kevin M , Deighan Andrew G , Di Francesco Andrea , Freund Adam , Jojic Vladimir , Churchill Gary A , Raj Anil
Published: July 2022

Understanding how genetic variation shapes a complex trait relies on accurately quantifying both the additive genetic and genotype–environment interaction effects in an age-dependent manner. We used a linear mixed model to quantify diet-dependent genetic contributions to body weight measured through adulthood in diversity outbred female mice under five diets. We observed that heritability of body weight declined with age under all diets, except the 40% calorie restriction diet. We identified 14 loci with age-dependent associations and 19 loci with age- and diet-dependent associations, with many diet-dependent loci previously linked to neurological function and behavior in mice or humans. We found their allelic effects to be dynamic with respect to genomic background, age, and diet, identifying several loci where distinct alleles affect body weight at different ages. These results enable us to more fully understand and predict the effectiveness of dietary intervention on overall health throughout age in distinct genetic backgrounds.
An RFID-Based Students Security Model Using IoT
Authors: James Bulama H. , Doka Moses , Afrifa James , Peter Daniel
Published: July 2022

The abduction of school children has increased over the last few years particularly in northern Nigeria, for various reasons such as child labor, ransom, forceful marriages, and suicide bombers. Due to this reason, parents are cautious about sending their children to school. Security issue is a major challenge in secondary school education in north west and north east Nigeria. and it is worrisome that most of the schools do not have adequate security for effective teaching and learning. This study is aimed at improving the security challenges in secondary schools with the use of Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) reader at all entrances. Security based system using RFID technology for use in Federal Government Girls College, Yola has been proposed for efficient and effective school security to curb the security challenges faced by schools in northern Nigeria.
Rehabilitation of Mandibular Partial Edentulous Arch Using Ceka Revax Semi-precision Attachment: A Case Report
Authors: Melavanki Chithra , Ruttonji Zarir , Kusugal Preethi , Kumar Kurugodu Kishor
Published: July 2022

There are many prosthetic treatments modalities in rehabilitating partially edentulous condition. It is a technically difficult task for any prosthodontist to treat partially edentulous condition because retention and stability are the two main problems. Attachments are available with small interlocking devices which connects prosthesis and abutments which improves retention and stability and esthetics. Ceka attachment can be used to obtain retention and stability for the prosthesis. A 48-year-old-female patient reported to the Department of Prosthodontics, Crown and Bridge with chief complaint of missing teeth with respect to teeth number- 12,13,14, 22,25,26,35,36,37,45,46,47. This case describes rehabilitating maxillary missing teeth and posterior edentulous mandibular arch using semi precision attachment (Ceka Revax Extracoronal Green). Precision attachments have two metal components which form an articulate joint with first component or matrix or keyway which is attached to clinical contours of a cast restoration and the second component of patrix is attached to the removable partial denture.This case required multidisciplinary approach, technical skills and treatment offered showed excellent patient acceptance and also met aesthetic demands too.
Analysis on Infrared Stealth Performance of Metal Nano-coating on Radome Surface
Authors: Lee Yongwoo , Chang Injoong , Nam Juyeong , Bae Hyung Mo , Cho Hyung Hee
Published: July 2022

Infrared stealth technology used in aircraft is applied to reduce the infrared signal by controlling surface temperature and emissivity using internal heat sink, low emissivity material or metamaterial. However, there is one part of the aircraft where the use of this technology is limited, and that is the radome. Especially, radome should have transmittance for the specific radio frequency, therefore, common stealth technology such as emissivity control surfaces cannot be applied to radome surface. In this study, we developed metal nano-coating for infrared stealth which is applicable to radome surface. We designed slot-type pattern for frequency selective transmission in X-band, and also controlled thickness of metal nano-coating for long wavelength infrared emissivity control. As a result, our infrared stealth surface for radome has 93.2 % transmittance in X-band and various infrared emissivities from 0.17 to 0.57 according to nano-coatings thickness. Also, we analyzed infrared signature of radome through numerical simulation, and finally reduced contrast radiant intensity by 97.57 % compared to polyurethane surface.
The Study of Automatic TOD Synchronization for Air-Ground Radio Performance Improving in Legacy Aircraft
Authors: Jang Jinwook , Ahn Seungbeom , Choi Myoungseok
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we proposed an automatic TOD synchronization and verification method for improving the performance of air-to-ground radio(hereafter SATURN) of legacy aircraft. In order to automatically synchronize TOD with SATURN radio, it is proposed to modify the GPS antenna installed in the existing aircraft according to the minimum operating performance standard. In addition, test methods and results are presented to verify the TOD information generation capability before and after the GPS antenna modifying. It is expected that the automatic TOD synchronization method proposed in this paper can be applied to the SATURN performance improvement design.
APATRIDIA
Authors: Cunha Daltro Ana Clara
Published: July 2022

O direito à nacionalidade representa o vínculo existente entre o indivíduo e o Estado. A apatridia decorre da ausência deste vínculo, seja pela não aquisição ou pela perda da nacionalidade. Existem diversos motivos que levam o indivíduo a se tornar apátrida, entretanto, muitos casos, especialmente aqueles considerados difíceis e demorados, possuem a mesma raiz: a discriminação. As leis de nacionalidade, em alguns Estados, ainda, apresentam vertentes discriminatórias, principalmente relacionadas ao gênero. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo pretende discutir a relação existente entre a apatridia e a discriminação de gênero, bem como os avanços e os desafios enfrentados no combate da mesma.
Profiling of extracellular vesicles of metastatic urothelial cancer patients to discover protein signatures related to treatment outcome
Authors: Viktorsson Kristina , Hååg Petra , Shah Carl‐Henrik , Franzén Bo , Arapi Vasiliki , Holmsten Karin , Sandström Per , Lewensohn Rolf , Ullén Anders
Published: July 2022

The prognosis of metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) patients is poor, and early prediction of systemic therapy response would be valuable to improve outcome. In this exploratory study, we investigated protein profiles in sequential plasma‐isolated extracellular vesicles (EVs) from a subset of mUC patients treated within a Phase I trial with vinflunine combined with sorafenib. The isolated EVs were of exosome size and expressed exosome markers CD9, TSG101 and SYND‐1. We found, no association between EVs/ml plasma at baseline and progression‐free survival (PFS). Protein profiling of EVs, using an antibody‐based 92‐plex Proximity Extension Assay on the Oncology II® platform, revealed a heterogeneous protein expression pattern. Qlucore bioinformatic analyses put forward a protein signature comprising of SYND‐1, TNFSF13, FGF‐BP1, TFPI‐2, GZMH, ABL1 and ERBB3 to be putatively associated with PFS. Similarly, a protein signature from EVs that related to best treatment response was found, which included FR‐alpha, TLR 3, TRAIL and FASLG. Several of the markers in the PFS or best treatment response signatures were also identified by a machine learning classification algorithm. In conclusion, protein profiling of EVs isolated from plasma of mUC patients shows a potential to identify protein signatures that may associate with PFS and/or treatment response.
Slit2/Robo1 signaling inhibits small‐cell lung cancer by targeting β‐catenin signaling in tumor cells and macrophages
Authors: Ahirwar Dinesh K. , Peng Bo , Charan Manish , Misri Swati , Mishra Sanjay , Kaul Kirti , Sassi Salha , Gadepalli Venkat Sundar , Siddiqui Jalal , Miles Wayne O. , Ganju Ramesh K.
Published: July 2022

Small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine subtype of lung cancer with poor patient prognosis. However, the mechanisms that regulate SCLC progression and metastasis remain undefined. Here, we show that the expression of the slit guidance ligand 2 (SLIT2) tumor suppressor gene is reduced in SCLC tumors relative to adjacent normal tissue. In addition, the expression of the SLIT2 receptor, roundabout guidance receptor 1 (ROBO1), is upregulated. We find a positive association between SLIT2 expression and the Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator (YAP1)‐expressing SCLC subtype (SCLC‐Y), which shows a better prognosis. Using genetically engineered SCLC cells, adenovirus gene therapy, and preclinical xenograft models, we show that SLIT2 overexpression or the deletion of ROBO1 restricts tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies revealed significant inhibition of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and M2‐like tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) in the SCLC tumors. In addition, SLIT2 enhances M1‐like and phagocytic macrophages. Molecular analysis showed that ROBO1 knockout or SLIT2 overexpression suppresses the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF‐β1)/β‐catenin signaling pathway in both tumor cells and macrophages. Overall, we find that SLIT2 and ROBO1 have contrasting effects on SCLC tumors. SLIT2 suppresses, whereas ROBO1 promotes, SCLC growth by regulating the Tgf‐β1/glycogen synthase kinase‐3 beta (GSK3)/β‐catenin signaling pathway in tumor cells and TAMs. These studies indicate that SLIT2 could be used as a novel therapeutic agent against aggressive SCLC.
Patterns of hypometabolism in frontal lobe epilepsy originating in different frontal regions
Authors: Zhao Zexian , Li Hong , Wang Shan , Chen Cong , He Chenmin , Hu Lingli , Zheng Zhe , Zhu Junming , Ding Meiping , Wang Shuang , Ding Yao
Published: July 2022

Objectives

Analysis of FDG‐PET imaging commonly shows that hypometabolism extends into extra‐epileptogenic zones (extra‐EZ). This study investigates the distribution patterns of hypometabolism in frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) originating in different frontal regions.

Methods

Sixty‐four patients with FLE were grouped by EZ localization according to Brodmann areas (BAs): Group 1 (the frontal motor and premotor area), BAs 4, 6, and 8; Group 2 (the inferior frontal gyrus and opercular area), BAs 44, 45, and 47; Group 3 (the dorsal prefrontal area), BAs 9, 10, 11, and 46; and Group 4 (the medial frontal and anterior cingulate gyrus), BAs 32 and 24. Regions of extra‐EZ hypometabolism were statistically analyzed between FLE groups and healthy controls. Correlation analysis was performed to identify relationships between the intensity of hypometabolism and clinical characteristics.

Results

Significant hypometabolism in the ipsilateral (Groups 1 and 4) or bilateral (Groups 2 and 3) anterior insulae was found. Groups 1 and 4 presented with limited distribution of extra‐EZ hypometabolism, whereas Groups 2 and 3 showed widely distributed extra‐EZ hypometabolism in the rectus gyrus, cingulate gyrus, and other regions. Additionally, the intensity of hypometabolism was correlated with epilepsy duration in Groups 2 and 3.

Conclusions

All FLE groups showed hypometabolism in the anterior insula. In addition, distinct patterns of extra‐EZ hypometabolism were identified for each FLE group. This quantitative FDG‐PET analysis expanded our understanding of the topography of epileptic networks and can guide EZ localization in the future.
Numerical Simulation of Cold Spray Bonding for CrFeNi Medium‐Entropy Alloy
Authors: Zehtabi Nima Pourakbar , Ardeshiri Lordejani Amir , Guagliano Mario , Bagherifard Sara
Published: July 2022

As a solid‐state deposition, cold spray maintains the intrinsic characteristics of the feedstock powder. Thus, it provides a unique opportunity for depositing high‐entropy alloys (HEAs) and medium‐entropy alloys (MEAs) that are of great interest for coatings to protect vulnerable materials from aggressive environments. However, considering the high hardness and the complexity of these powder's preparation, the choice of deposition parameters through experiments can be challenging and costly. Herein, a finite element model is presented to simulate the deposition of CrFeNi MEA using cold spray technology. A detailed approach is implemented to model the bonding of the particle to the substrate. The model is able to identify the deposition velocity window and simulate the metallurgical and mechanical interlocking. The particle adheres to the substrate at 500 m s−1 and pushes the substrate down facilitating mechanical interlocking. Furthermore, due to the strain localization induced by the particle, a notable temperature increase is observed at the substrate surface raising to its melting point in agreement with the ejecta eruption phenomenon. The developed numerical method can pave the way for successful experiments in case of costly HEAs and MEAs powders.
Ultrahigh On‐Current Density of Organic Field‐Effect Transistors Facilitated by Molecular Monolayer Crystals
Authors: Peng Boyu , He Zhenfei , Chen Ming , Chan Paddy Kwok Leung
Published: July 2022

Organic semiconductor materials are not recognized as a system for high current density applications due to the generally low mobility and high contact resistance. In this work, solution‐processed organic molecular monolayer crystals (1L‐crystals) as the active layers in field‐effect transistors, demonstrating high current density application are utilized. The 1L‐crystal‐based devices exhibit high intrinsic mobility of 10.9 cm2 V–1 s–1 and a contact resistance as low as 28 Ω cm, offering unprecedently high width‐normalized current density up to 19 µA µm–1 and 1.2 MA cm–2 normalized by cross‐section area. Joule heating effects in these high current devices are investigated. At a current density of 7 µA µm–1, 1L‐crystal‐based transistor works stably within 1000 consecutive scans. Above this current density, thermal degradation in the current starts to occur and pulsed mode operation can restrict the degradation. The 1L‐crystals exhibit superiority in high‐current and potential high‐frequency applications, which can expand the current boundary of organic semiconductor materials.
Recent Advances in Stimuli‐Responsive Shape‐Morphing Hydrogels
Authors: Liu Xiaojiang , Gao Ming , Chen Jiayao , Guo Sheng , Zhu Wei , Bai Lichun , Zhai Wenzheng , Du Hejun , Wu Hong , Yan Chunze , Shi Yusheng , Gu Junwei , Qi Hang Jerry , Zhou Kun
Published: July 2022

Inspired by shape‐morphing organisms in nature, researchers have developed various hydrogels with stimuli‐responsive swelling, shrinking, bending, folding, origami, rolling, twisting, or locomotion. These smart hydrogels are usually created by patterning or 4D printing. The shape morphing of hydrogels allows the fabrication of helixing, twisting, and rolling microstructures, all of which are hard to reproduce directly by ordinary techniques. More importantly, under external stimuli (e.g., solvent, humidity, temperature, light, pH, and electric/magnetic fields), many hydrogels exhibit recoverable shape morphing and thus find promising applications in grippers, sensors, valves, soft robotics, etc. Since shape morphing determines the functions of hydrogels in a great number of cases, herein, recent advances of stimuli‐responsive hydrogels are summarized, with their types, shape‐morphing mechanisms, fabrication methods, shape‐morphing modes, and extensive applications covered. The conclusion and perspectives are also presented to guide the design and fabrication of functional hydrogels.