bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA SISWA (LKS) BERBASIS CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING (CTL) MATERI SISTEM PERSAMAAN LINEAR TIGA VARIABEL SISWA KELAS X MIA SMAN 9 KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Fitria Endah , Buyung Buyung , Aisyah Aisyah
Published: February 2020

Abstract: This research is motivated by the existence of problems in the preparation of LKS being used in SMA Negeri 9 Kota Jambi. LKS is a teaching material that also plays an important role in improving the quality of learning. Preparation of the appropriate LKS and in accordance with the curriculum used is expected to achieve the learning objectives, so it needs continuous LKS development activities. The purpose of this research is to develop LKS based on Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) on linear equation system material three valid, practical and effective variables.This type of research development is Research and Development (R & D) with the ADDIE development model. Stages of the ADDIE development model consist of analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation. The research instrument consists of Questionnaire and question instrument. Questionnaires consist of validation sheet by the material expert, validation assessment sheet by design expert, validation assessment sheet by media expert, individualized trial evaluation sheet, small group trial evaluation sheet, and evaluation field test sheet. while the question instrument consists of a pre-test and post-test questions. LKS developed, then validated by the validator. Validation results obtained LKS with revisions based on suggestions and comments validator. Validity is illustrated by the percentage of material expert, designer and media experts in 82,61% in "highly valid" category, 76,16% in "valid" category, 90% in "very valid" category. LKS was then piloted into three stages: individual trials with 3 medium and low-skilled students, small group trials with 6 students, and field trials conducted in the real classroom of class X MIA 2 with 34 students. Judging from the comparison of pre-test and post-test values obtained tcount of 15.37 and ttable of 2.03 then tcount > ttable stated there are significant differences. Based on the results of validation, test and test results of learning then obtained the results of research that shows the feasibility of LKS with CTL approach pertained in categories valid, practical and effective.Keywords: Student Worksheet, Contextual Teaching and Learning, the development model of ADDIE
PENGEMBANGAN SOAL TIPE PISA UNTUK MENGUKUR KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SISWA TINGKAT SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA DI KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Aisyah Aisyah , Dewi Sri
Published: February 2020

Soal-soal tipe PISA merupakan salah satu tipe soal yang dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi (high order thinking) siswa, salah satunya kemampuan komunikasi matematis. Karena itu dikembangkan soal-soal tipe PISA untuk mengukur kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa. Rumusan masalahnya yaitu; 1) Bagaimanakah mengembangkan soal-soal tipe PISA yang valid dan  praktis untuk mengetahui kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa tingkat SMP? 2) Bagaimanakah efek potensial uji coba soal-soal tipe PISA yang dihasilkan terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa SMP N 17 Kota Jambi? Sedangkan tujuannya adalah 1) Menghasilkan soal tipe PISA yang valid dan praktis untuk mengetahui kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa tingkat SMP, 2) Mengetahui efek potensial penerapan soal-soal tipe PISA yang dihasilkan terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa SMPN 17 Kota Jambi. Metode penelitiannya development research dengan subjek penelitian siswa kelas IX SMP N 17 Kota Jambi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan; 1) walk trough, 2) dokumentasi, 3) tes dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini adalah soal-soal matematika tipe PISA untuk mengetahui kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa sebanyak 10 butir berbentuk uraian (open construct response) yang valid dan praktis. Soal-soal ini mempunyai efek yang diketahui dari analisis jawaban siswa dan wawancara ketika pelaksanaan uji coba soal dimana siswa dapat mengeksplor kemampuan komunikasi matematisnya. Kata kunci: soal tipe PISA, komunikasi matematis.
Optimasi Alat Berat pada Pemindahan Tanah Mekanis (Studi Kasus Penyediaan Timbunan Tanah Pilihan Pada Pekerjaan Peningkatan Akses Jaringan Pipa Air Bersih Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat, Booster Senyerang)
Authors: Suhendra Suhendra , Dwiretnani Annissa , Endika Endika
Published: February 2020

Pekerjaan Penyediaan tanah timbunan pilihan untuk pembangunan booster Senyerang papa pekerjaan Peningkatan Akses Jaringan Pipa Air Bersih Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat menggunakan alat berat yaitu satu  excavator dalam pekerjaan galian material tanah dilokasi quarry dan dua dump truck untuk pengangkutan material tanah dari quarry ke lokasi penimbunan. Penelitian ini menganalisis produktivitas alat berat yang digunakan dalam penyediaan timbunan tanah pilihan dari quarry sampai ke lokasi penimbunan. Kemudian dilakukan optimasi berdasarkan produktivitas, jumlah alat dan biaya yang ditimbulkan. Hasil perhitungan kombinasi alat berat yang digunakan di lapangan menunjukkan belum optimalnya produktivitas excavator pada penyediaan timbunan tanah asli, dari quarry sejauh 11km dari lokasi penimbunan sebanyak 1365,33 m3, terhadap produktivitas dump truck. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan optimalnya pekerjaan penyediaan tanah timbunan adalah tambahan jumlah dump truck sehingga menjadi lima unit. Optimasi yang dilakukan mempercepat waktu pengerjaan (menjadi tiga hari, dari semula delapan hari) dan menghasilkan pengurangan biaya sebesar Rp.6.455.000,-
Kinerja Jalan di Kawasan Jl. Kolonel Abunjani Kota Jambi
Authors: Handayani Elvira , Amalia Kiki Rizky , Kamal Ilkham
Published: February 2020

Sektor transportasi merupakan salah satu sektor yang sangat penting dalam mendukung aktivitas sehari-hari seperti kegiatan ekonomi, pendidikan, dan dalam kegiatan perkantoran serta kegiatan lainnya, pada suatu wilayah apabila populasinya mengalami pertumbuhan yang cukup pesat, maka secara linear terjadi pula peningkatan jumlah kendaraan. Salah satunya yan terjadi dijalan di Jl.Kolonel Abunjani, Kota Jambi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan solusi dari berbagai masalah seperti: kemacetan, kerusakan jalan, resiko kecelakaan serta polusi udara dengan mempertimbangkan besarnya pengaruh dari kendaraan berat terhadap kinerja ruas jalan serta keadaan disekitarnya, hasiln tingkat pelayananya seperti rekayasa lalu lintas.
Evaluation of Outcome Between Excisional Haemorrhoidectomy and Longo's Technique (PPH)
Authors: Rahman Md Atiar , Lslam Md Shahidul , Sheikh Md Shahadot Hossain , Siddique Md Ibrahim , Ullah Md Ahsan , Murshed Khandker Monzur
Published: February 2020

Objective: The introduction of a Longo’s technique for the treatment of haemorrhoids has the potential for less postoperative pain, a short operating time, rapid healing and an early return to full activity. The outcome of Longo’s technique was compared with that of current standard surgery in a randomized controlled study, and followed up two years.

Methods: In a prospective randomized study, 140 patients requiring surgical treatment for haemorrhoids grade 2, 3 and 4 were assigned to either MMF (Milligan-Morgan, Park Ferguson) or PPH (Procedure for prolapse and haemorrhoids) 70 each. Operating time, frequency of postoperative analgesic intake, hospital stay, time to return to normal activity and postoperative complications were also recorded.

Results: The Longo’s group had a shorter operating time, less frequent postoperative analgesia intake, and earlier return to normal activity. Postoperative pain at rest and during defecation was less important after PPH if no resection of external piles or skin tags was associated. After a mean follow-up of 24 months (12-46), recurrent haemorrhoidal symptoms, mostly mild and temporary, were reported after both MMF and PPH (Table-3). Four patients (5.71 %) complained of recurrent prolapse and/or external swelling after PPH, requiring re-do surgery in 3 of them between 18 to 32 months. Recurrent prolapse or external piles were also observed in 5 patients (7.14%) after MMF and re-do surgery was needed in 3 of them between 14 and 41 months. Long term patient's satisfaction after PPH was more or less same like after MMF. None of the patients had anal stenosis, incontinence, fecal urgency or sepsis.

Conclusions: Postoperative pain is less after PPH. This advantage disappears if any resection is associated with the stapling. Use of a Longo's technique in the treatment of haemorrhoidal disease promotes rapid healing, shorter hospital stay and early return to normal activities.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2013) Vol. 17 (2) :66-72
On Pump Beating Heart CABG is Superior to Conventional CABG in Poor Left Ventricular Function
Authors: Roy Hriday Ranjan , Ahmed Nasir Uddin , Lslam Mirza Md Nazrul
Published: February 2020

Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is one of the treatment modalities of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. There are multiple selection criteria for CABG and multiple procedures like conventional CABG, on pump beating heart CABG and off pump beating heart CABG (OPCAB). This study was intended to compare between conventional CABG and on pump beating heart CABG. Total 60 patients were selected for the study, of which 30 patients had undergone conventional CABG and 30 had undergone on pump beating heart CABG. Different preoperative and postoperative variables shows clear and significant superiority of on pump beating heart CABG. So it may be an alternative surgical procedure where OPCAB is not feasible in poor left ventricular (LV) .function.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2014) Vol. 18 (1) : 20-27
Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma in a Young Woman
Authors: Mohammad Din , Rahman Ashrafur , Jahan Nelema , Ahmed Farhad Uddin , Hasan Mahmud
Published: February 2020

Despite significant improvement in the management strategy, pancreatic cancer continues to be a great challenge for surgeons and oncologists. Length of survival largely depends upon stage at diagnosis and a completeness of resection. Distal pancreatectomy with RO resection has been reported as a favorable method in selected pancreatic body and tail tumors. Additional organ resections are rarely required. A young woman was diagnosed with a tumor in the body and tail of the pancreas that required splenectomy in addition to dista1 pancreatectomy. Postoperative course was uneventful. Histopathology revealed the tumor as moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma with extensive areas of necrosis, haemorrhage and cholesterol cleft formation. Resected end of pancreas was free of tumor. She has completed a course of chemotherapy and is doing well after 8 months of surgery.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2014) Vol. 18 (2) : 78-82
Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis: In Search of a Therapeutic Template
Authors: Khan Sadia Armin , Ali Abu Ahmed Ashraf
Published: February 2020

Background: Granulomatous mastitis also known as granulomatous inflammatory lesionsof the breast can be divided into idiopathic granulomatous mastitis and granulomatousmastitis occurring as a rare secondary complication of a great variety of other conditions.Treatment is radically different for idiopathic granulomatous mastitis and other granulomatouslesions of the breast, the precise diagnosis is therefore very important.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to find the clinicopathological features ofidiopathic granulomatous mastitis, as well as the authors' experience with surgicaltreatment of these patients.

Methods and Materials: A hospital based retrospective study done with twenty diagnosedpatients of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis enrolled from department of surgery, Ad-dinwomen's.medical college hospital, Dhaka in the period between July 2012- July 2015.

Results: Mean age of presentation was 38.1 years. All patients had a history of childbirthand breastfeeding. Sixteen (80%) patients were premenopausal. The main clinical featurewas a mass in the breast in all patients and clinical findings suggesting an infection accompaniedthe mass in seven patients (35%). Surgery was the definitive procedure in allpatients. Wide local excision done in all patients. None of the patients received steroids.Median follow-up time was 12 months. During follow-up, two patients (10%) presented withrecurrence. All patients with recurrence had a mass in their breasts on the same side ofprevious disease.

Conclusion: Increased recognition of this disease will improve its understanding andmanagement. Long-term follow-up is necessary.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2016) Vol. 20 (2) :51-54
Incidence of central diabetes insipid us among the patients undergoing pituitary tumor surgery 06 through trans-sphenoidal approach
Authors: Islam KMT , Alam S , Amin R , Haque M , Nath HD , Hossain M , Khan AH , Hossain MATM , Barua KK
Published: February 2020

Background: Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a common complication following pituitary surgery. Thiscondition can be transient or permanent and the signs and symptoms of this disorder can bemimicked by the normal postoperative course.

Objective: This study was carried out to find out the incidence of central diabetes insipidus (DI)among the patients undergoing pituitary tumor surgery through trans-sphenoidal approach eitherendoscopic or microsurgical for the first time.Study Design: Cross sectional observational study

Methods: Patients with central (Neurogenic) diabetes insipidus prior to surgery, co-morbiditieslike diabetes mellitus, kidney diseases, electrolyte imbalance, recurrent cases were excludedfrom this study. Patients were followed up to 7th postoperative day by recording and analyzingfindings of postoperative serum electrolytes, urinary specific gravity, hourly urinary volume forestablishing diabetes insipid us.

Results: 76.9% of patients developed diabetes insipidus and 70.0% of patients did not developdiabetes insipid us those who underwent pituitary tumour surgery by trans-sphenoidal endoscopicapproach; 23.1% of patients developed diabetes insipid us and 30.0% of patients did not developdiabetes insipid us those who underwent pituitary tumour surgery by trans-sphenoidal mlcrosurgicalapproach.

Conclusion: Prediction of DI help us in pre-operative counseling and post-operative managementof the patients as well as to reduce complications related morbidity after pituitary tumor surgery.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2017) Vol. 21 (1) :6-10
A late presentation of an unnoticed iatrogenic jejuna! perforation with abdominal drain tube following total abdominal hysterectomy: A rare case report
Authors: Rahman Md Sumon , Habibullah Tarafder , Rahman Md Khalilur , Siddique Md Ibrahim
Published: February 2020

Surgical drains are commonly placed in abdominal cavity to assess abdominal fluid or bloodcollections following major abdominal surgery. Whatever the purpose of drain placementeither therapeutic or prophylactic it must deserve a great caution while penetrating throughthe parietal wall. This case report documents one patient with serious iatrogenic complicationaroused from abdominal drain tube following an open total abdominal hysterectomy procedure.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2017) Vol. 21 (1) :42-44
Bacteriological Profile of Wound Swab and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern in Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Dhaka
Authors: Tarana Mst Naznin , Fardows Jannatul , Farhana Nasreen , Khatun Rehana , Akter Shahida
Published: February 2020

Background: Wound infections are global problem in the field of surgery associated with long hospital stay, higher treatment expenditure, morbidity and mortality.

Objective: To isolate and identify the bacteria causing wound infection and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at Shaheed Suhrawady Medical College, Dhaka from January 2017 to December 2017 for a period of one (01) year. A total of 190 wound swabs were collected from the patients who were visited in outpatient department and were admitted at inpatient department with skin and soft tissue infection. Swabs from the wound were inoculated on appropriate media and cultured and the isolates were identified by standard procedures as needed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by disc diffusion method according to ‘The Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute’ guidelines.

Results: In this study, out of 190 cases 115 (60.52%) were male and 75 (39.47%) were female and majority 85(44.73%) were in the age group of 16 to 30 years. A total number of 190 isolates were obtained, among which 124 (65.25%) were culture positive cases. Among the isolated organisms predominant bacteria was Staphylococcus aureus 68 (35.79%) followed by Escherichia coli 30 (15.79%), Pseudomonas 14 (7.37%), Klebsiella 6 (3.16%), Proteus 4 (2.10%) and Acinetobacter 2 (1.05%). Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to linezolid (94.11%), vancomycin (88.23%) and amikacin (70.58%). Among the Gram negative isolates Escherichia coli was predominant and showed sensitivity to imipenem (80%), amikacin (70%), ceftazidime (60%), piperacillin+ tazobactum (56.66%), colistin (53.33%). Pseudomonas showed sensitivity to colistin (78.57%), imipenem (71.42%). Klebsiella showed sensitivity to imipenem (83.33%), amikacin (66.66%), piperacillin+ tazobactum (66.66%), and colistin(66.66%).

Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated pathogen from wound swab and the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of various isolates will guide for appropriate selection of antibiotics against wound infection, so as to reduce the spread of resistant bacteria.

J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2019, Vol.11(1); 65-68
Objective Scoring Outcome Analysis of Redo Urethroplasty for Failed Hypospadias
Authors: Shahid Shah Md Ahsan , Ali Md Nawshad , Islam Sayed Sirajul , Paul Shantona Rani
Published: February 2020

Background: Failed hypospadias refers to any hypospadias repair that leads to complicationsor causes patient dissatisfaction. One of the commonest major complications of hypospadias surgery is urethrocutaneous fistula.

Objectives: Present study aimed to determine a better procedure of salvage urethroplasty for failed hypospadias, caused by persistentlarge (>4mm) or multiple -small (<4mm) fistulae, by a randomized comparison.

Patients and Methods. This interventional study was performed in the department of Paediatric Surgery, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh, over a period of five years (from July 2011 to June, 2016). A total of 189 patients were included in present study and randomized in the three groups under study. Comparisons were made among three procedures of salvage urethroplasty of failed hypospadias caused by urethrocutaneous fistula using substitution of dorsal skin flap, Flip flap, or buccal mucosal graft in a controlled situation. Outcomes were assessed by means of objective scoring system.

Results: Refistula rate, devascularization of flap and grafts and wound dehiscence rate were significantly less in Buccal mucosal graft (group A) than flip flap(group C) and dorsal transposition flap (group B ). This led to a higher success rate and better patient compliance in buccal mucosal graft. The objective scoring evaluation revealed that score gain of BM group (182) was significantly higher than that of dorsal transposition flap (112) and flip flap (89) at P value <0.05 .

Conclusion: Staged redo urethroplasty for large or multiple-small fistulae using substitution of buccal mucosal graft revealed as an better option for urethral reconstruction than dorsal transposition flap and flip flap procedures (group A˃ group B ˃group C).

TAJ 2018; 31(1): 38-45
Features of Family Education of Children With Psychophysical Disorders
Authors: Antonova Alevtina
Published: February 2020

The relevans of the article is that the most important universal value on which today's social development is based is tolerant, benevolent attitude towards people with special needs. The main role in the upbringing of children with psychophysical disorders belongs to the family. The main purpose of parents' educational education is to become active participants in the education and training of their children with special needs. The basis for successful collaboration of specialists and parents in order to maximally meet the needs of the child with psychophysical disorders is openness and humanism, professionalism and responsibility throughout the system of relations between the child, family, specialist and society. The article defines the problems and mistakes of family education of children with psychophysical disorders, reveals the specifics of family crises and ways of overcoming them in families educating children with psychophysical disorders, determines the basic principles of adequate family education of children with special needs.
Adaptive Methodical Support for Development of Professional Competency of the Pedagogue
Authors: Masterkova Tatyana Vik.
Published: February 2020

In the context of the reform of the educational sector, the process of improving the managerial and methodological support for the development of professional competence of the teacher and on this basis, increasing the level of its formation in the intertesting period, becomes important.Methodical support is aimed at disclosing the internal personal capabilities of the teacher and his adaptation to the needs and requirements of the state for professional activities in an educational institution.A correlation between the public expectations and the personal needs of the teacher is called for a competent approach.The analysis of the theory and practice of the problem under study, tasks of development of professional competence of the teacher is presented in the program, which provides an algorithm for adaptive methodological support for the development of professional competence of the teacher in the intercultural period and is designed for five years.The profession of a teacher became one of the most important. Changes in the educational sphere of the state are determined by the sector of legislation and restructuring of the relevant pedagogical practice. The effectiveness of these changes in the educational process depends directly on the level of qualification of teachers, that is, the level of their professional competence.
Formation Management of Social and Information Competence of Future Iraqi Journalists Based on Diagnostic Events
Authors: Alsadoon Мuntasir
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of managing the formation of socio-informational competence of future journalists. The experimental part of the study is presented in the conditions of higher educational institutions in Iraq. Management issues in the article are considered from the angle of defining and implementing diagnostic measures for the formation of socio-informational competence of specialists in the journalistic industry. The essence of the basic concepts on the definition of diagnostic tools according to the conditions of the study: the criterion, parameter and level. It is noted that the socio-informational competence of specialists in general and journalists in particular is among the least studied. An attempt is made to solve the problem of determining the criteria for the formation of this competency, taking into account the characteristics of both information and social competencies, such as those that are related to it to a certain extent.

It is shown that the results obtained make it possible to find out the state of formation of the socio-informational competence of future journalists at the «exit» of the educational system. Based on the results of the study, it was decided to conduct tactical management of the educational process by adjusting the technology model for the formation of socio-informational competence of future journalists on the basis of a dynamic pedagogical site.
Emotional Intelligence in Business: Tools and Development Methods
Authors: Fedorova Yuliia Vl.
Published: February 2020

The ability to use the latest information systems, the spread of information technology, and the strengthening of communication links, determine the process of constant change in today's environment. The need to adapt, to lead change, to think critically and creatively, to conduct effective negotiations in the context of accelerated information circulation, requires the modern manager of development of super professional flexible skills soft skills. In a knowledge economy, information and knowledge become the main factors in the development of an organization. It is not the capital and the ownership of raw materials that becomes the main competitive advantage of the organization, but the trust in its brand, market recognition. Personalization and customer orientation in marketing; the transition from vertical organizational structures to horizontal ones in management lead to increased interest in the study of human behavior, thinking and emotions. Human capital is playing an increasing role in economic relations.

The article explores the main features of the digital revolution as a prerequisite for the actualization of knowledge about emotional intelligence in the business environment. The concepts of «emotion», «emotional intelligence», «emotional competence», «emotional capital», «emotional management» are considered. The essence of emotional capital is revealed. The need for the development of four main components of emotional intelligence is emphasized: self-awareness, self-control, social understanding, and relationship management. The systematic errors that often occur in the process of self-control are emphasized due to the manager's unwillingness to resist negative institutions and lack of strategic vision of the manager. The algorithm of development of emotional intelligence of the manager in the conditions of influence of negative stimulus is developed. Methods and techniques of development of emotional intelligence of the manager at each stage of the proposed algorithm are developed.

The best tools for the development of emotional intelligence in business are analyzed. Recommendations on the use of techniques and techniques during business training and coaching sessions in organizations. The researches of modern theoretical and methodological approaches to the development of emotional intelligence in business contribute to the introduction of effective solutions in the business practice of modern managers, entrepreneurs and owners of organizations. Putting into practice the proposed tools and methods will facilitate successful adaptation of managers to changes in the environment.
Reformatting Global Economic Governance in Conditions of New, Mega-Regional Integration
Authors: Kobylianska Alla , Anatoly Litvinov , Olena Potyshnyak
Published: February 2020

The current study focuses on the transformation of global economic governance in the light of current globalization processes, which are characterized by the emergence of new players on the world stage as a result of a qualitative change in the phenomenon of regionalization of the world economy. The relevance of the study is justified by the fact that the various modes of global economic governance coexist (starting with the quasi-hierarchical system of supranational organizations and ending with network forms of dissipative governance), where mega-regional integration is one of the attempts to achieve economic development which goes far beyond national borders. In this context, mega-regional integration can be seen as the basis for actualization or one of the modern tools of global economic governance.

According to the stated goal, the article considers the prerequisites of new mega-regional integration from the point of view of the current crisis of multilateralism as well as the economic potential for creation and functioning of mega-regional agreements. Based on the research results of such domestic and foreign scientists as: Reznikova N.V., Malyuta A.I., Pashchenko O.V., Sheargold E., Juutinen M., Sandrey R., Bown Ch.P. et al.it was possible to conclude on the unprecedented scale of mega-regional agreements and to question the effectiveness of modern methods of achieving inter-state consensus and global goals.

The article deals with the main MRTA /MRU: BRICS, TTIP, TPP, RCEP and SCO, and explores the global goals of these associations. The prevalence of a hybrid form of global economic governance in the context of mega-regionalism is shown, namely, mega-regional integration groups combine efforts of different states in the form of "block – block", "country – block" and “countries-global leaders”. The complementarity of MRTA /MRU functioning to the existing forms of global economic governance is argued. The further research in this sphere is suggested, it should be related to exploring the prospects of economic development of mega-regional unions and of cooperation of Ukraine with them.
Social Entrepreneurship Formation in Ukraine in the Context of Sustainable Development
Authors: Iarmosh Olena Vit. , Pasechnik Elina Ol.
Published: February 2020

The article deals with the general approach to understanding the social entrepreneurship essence, the concept of which, unlike entrepreneurship as a whole, its different types in terms of income and employees, is not defined by law; analysis of various information sources to compare approaches to defining the concept of social entrepreneurship; presents socially active entrepreneurs and public figures who have contributed to the social entrepreneurship development in Ukraine.

In order to determine the main features of social entrepreneurship, the articlepoints out its differences from a charitable organization and traditional business by such factors as structure, dependence on external and internal financial sources, types of income and directions of profit distribution, and also analyzes the motives of social entrepreneurs.

Special attention s paid to the analysis of economic indicators that characterize the social enterprise development effectiveness in the world. In particular, data from the United Kingdom, Israel and Italy were analyzed, which show significant financial prospects for the countries.

The authors found that in Ukraine there are already numerous examples of organizations that support social entrepreneurship. The article describes for the selected organizations their activities and the nature of the social entrepreneurship concept. At the same time, five paradoxes that arose in Ukraine in the field of social entrepreneurship were mentioned as following: the main source of income for working in the social sphere entrepreneurs are grants that are not fundamentally in contact with international practice; the carelessness of entrepreneurs who are not concerned about the future of a company created with borrowed funds; absolute lack of support from the state; lack of interest in state supporting; an excess of laws in the country that contradict each other.According to the results of the research, the authors present obstacles to the concept of social entrepreneurship implementation in Ukraine and the steps needed to stimulate development. Taking into account current trends in the world development, the authors outline the global goals of UN sustainable development, which covers social entrepreneurship as a type of economic activity.
Similar Enhancement of BKCa Channel Function Despite Different Aerobic Exercise Frequency in Aging Cerebrovascular Myocytes
Authors: LI N. , LIU B. , XIANG S. , SHI L.
Published: February 2020

Aerobic exercise showed beneficial influence on cardiovascular systems in aging, and mechanisms underlying vascular adaption remain unclear. Large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channels play critical roles in regulating cellular excitability and vascular tone. This study determined the effects of aerobic exercise on aging-associated functional changes in BKCa channels in cerebrovascular myocytes, Male Wistar rats aged 20-22 months were randomly assigned to sedentary (O-SED), low training frequency (O-EXL), and high training frequency group (O-EXH). Young rats were used as control. Compared to young rats, whole-cell BKCa current was decreased, and amplitude of spontaneous transient outward currents were reduced. The open probability and Ca2+/voltage sensitivity of single BKCa channel were declined in O-SED, accompanied with a reduction of tamoxifen-induced BKCa activation; the mean open time of BKCa channels was shortened whereas close time was prolonged. Aerobic exercise training markedly alleviated the aging-associated decline independent of training frequency. Exercise three times rather than five times weekly may be a time and cost-saving training volume required to offer beneficial effects to offset the functional declines of BKCa during aging.
The Pore Architecture of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Channel Revealed by Co-Mutation in Pore-Forming Transmembrane Regions
Authors: QIAN F. , LIU L. , LIU Z. , LU C.
Published: February 2020

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride channel contains 12 transmembrane (TM) regions that are presumed to form the channel pore. However, there is no direct evidence clearly illustrating the involvement of these transmembrane regions in the actual CFTR pore structure. To obtain insight into the architecture of the CFTR channel pore, we used patch clamp recording techniques and a strategy of co-mutagenesis of two potential pore-forming transmembrane regions (TM1 and TM6) to investigate the collaboration of these two TM regions. We performed a range of specific functional assays comparing the single channel conductance, anion binding, and anion selectivity properties of the co-mutated CFTR variants, and the results indicated that TM1 and TM6 play vital roles in forming the channel pore and, thus, determine the functional properties of the channel. Furthermore, we provided functional evidence that the amino acid threonine (T338) in TM6 has synergic effects with lysine (K95) in TM1. Therefore, we propose that these two residues have functional collaboration in the CFTR channel pore and may collectively form a selective filter.
CL316243 Induces Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate Production in Rat Adipocytes in an Adenosine Deaminase-, Pertussis Toxin-, or Wortmannin-Sensitive Manner
Authors: OHSAKA Y. , NOMURA Y.
Published: February 2020

The effect of β3-adrenoceptor (β3-AR) agonists on adipocytes treated or not treated with signaling modulators has not been sufficiently elucidated. Using rat epididymal adipocytes (adipocytes) labeled with [32P]orthophosphate, we found that treatment with the selective β3-AR agonist CL316243 (CL; 1 μM) induces phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3,4,5-triphosphate (PI[3,4,5]P3) production and that this response is inhibited by adenosine deaminase (ADA, an adenosine-degrading enzyme; 2 U/ml), pertussis toxin (PTX, an inactivator of inhibitory guanine-nucleotide-binding protein; 1 μg/ml), or wortmannin (WT, a PI-kinase inhibitor; 3 μM). The results showed that CL induced PI(3,4,5)P3 production in intact adipocytes and that this production was affected by signaling modulators. Taken together, our findings indicate that CL produces PI(3,4,5)P3 in an ADA-sensitive, PTX-sensitive, or WT-sensitive manner and will advance understanding of the effect of β3-AR agonists on adipocytes.
Effects of a Caspase and a Calpain Inhibitor on Resting Energy Expenditures in Normal and Hypermetabolic Rats: a Pilot Study
Authors: VANA P. G. , LAPORTE H. M. , KENNEDY R. H. , GAMELLI R. L. , MAJETSCHAK M.
Published: February 2020

Several diseases induce hypermetabolism, which is characterized by increases in resting energy expenditures (REE) and whole body protein loss. Exaggerated protein degradation is thought to be the driving force underlying this response. The effects of caspase and calpain inhibitors on REE in physiological and hypermetabolic conditions, however, are unknown. Thus, we studied whether MDL28170 (calpain inhibitor) or z-VAD-fmk (caspase inhibitor) affect REE under physiological conditions and during hypermetabolism post-burn. Rats were treated five times weekly and observed for 6 weeks. Treatment was started 2 h (early) or 48 h (late) after burn. In normal rats, MDL28170 transiently increased REE to 130 % of normal during week 2-4. z-VAD-fmk reduced REE by 20-25 % throughout the observation period. Within 14 days after burns, REE increased to 130±5 %. Whereas MDL28170/early treatment did not affect REE, MDL28170/late transiently increased REE to 180±10 % of normal by week 4 post-burn. In contrast, with z-VAD-fmk/early REE remained between 90-110 % of normal post-burn. z-VAD-fmk/late did not affect burn-induced increases in REE. These data suggest that caspase cascades contribute to the development of hypermetabolism and that burn-induced hypermetabolism can be pharmacologically modulated. Our data point towards caspase cascades as possible therapeutic targets to attenuate hypermetabolism after burns, and possibly in other catabolic disease processes.
Mapping the Future? Contemporary German-Language Techno Thrillers
Authors: Henderson Heike
Published: February 2020

Contemporary German-language techno thrillers by Tom Hillenbrand and Marc Elsberg invite readers to imagine a future marked by constant surveillance and predictive technology. New models of data mining and risk assessment are being used to inform decisions and trigger actions, but due to their complete reliance on digital data, they are open to being hacked and gamed. Lack of privacy, an elimination of boundaries between actual reality and the virtual world, and a blurring of the distinction between fact and fiction impacts both crime and detection; it has ramifications on the way we will solve crimes as well as on the types of crime that will be committed. Techno thrillers are uniquely positioned to explore moral grey areas in a security landscape affected by widespread globalisation and neoliberal privatisation, and to map possible developments in imaginative ways. They are today's globalised genre par excellence. These thrillers, that for linguistic reasons have escaped consideration in crime fiction scholarship, reflect and respond to crucial discussions about security, (virtual) reality, and artificial intelligence that are of utmost concern in our rapidly changing world.
Mechanisms and kinetics of gravity separation of granular materials
Authors: Dolgunin V N , Kudi A N , Tuev M A
Published: February 2020

Particle separation mechanisms and kinetics in granular materials in a gravity chute and under vibrational impact are analyzed. Special attention is given to separation and kinetics mechanisms operating under conditions of high heterogeneity of structural and kinematic characteristics of granular flows. An analysis of alternative expressions for the separation driving force arising from local and spatial heterogeneity of granular media is based on results of experimental and analytical studies. Predictive properties of mathematical models are discussed with reference to the dynamics of separation of granular media according to the size and density of their constituent particles due to shear flow heterogeneity.
Effect of Drought Stress at Reproductive Stages on Growth and Nitrogen Metabolism in Soybean
Authors: Du Yanli , Zhao Qiang , Chen Liru , Yao Xingdong , Xie Futi
Published: February 2020

This study aims to determine variability among soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivars under drought conditions and how nitrogen metabolites, metabolism-related enzymes, and gene expression vary during soybean growth. Three soybean cultivars, Shennong17 (CV.SN17), Shennong8 (CV.SN8), and Shennong12 (CV.SN12), were grown in pot culture and subjected to drought stress at reproductive stages for 45 days. The results showed that long-term drought stress decreased biomass allocation to reproductive organs, weakened antioxidant capacity, and reduced seed weight, effects that were less pronounced in CV.SN12 compared with those in CV.SN8 and CV.SN17. Drought stress decreased the concentrations of nitrogen and soluble protein but increased nitrate concentration in leaves. This was related to the significantly reduction of nitrogen metabolism efficiency, including decreased activities of nitrogen metabolism enzymes, and downregulated expression of GmNR, GmNiR, GmGS, and GmGOGAT. Drought stress increased the concentrations of free amino acid, proline, and soluble sugar in leaves to enhance the osmotic adjustment ability. Furthermore, soybean seed weight showed significantly correlation (p < 0.05) with nitrogen-metabolism-related parameters. Based on the performance of growth, nitrogen metabolism, and yield attributes, CV.SN12 showed the highest tolerance to drought, followed by CV.SN8 and CV.SN17. In addition, these nitrogen-metabolism-related parameters could be used in soybeans to select for drought tolerance.
Droplet Deposition and Control of Planthoppers of Different Nozzles in Two-Stage Rice with a Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Authors: Chen Pengchao , Lan Yubin , Huang Xiaoyu , Qi Haixia , Wang Guobin , Wang Juan , Wang Linlin , Xiao Hanxiang
Published: February 2020

Previous studies have confirmed that choosing nozzles that produce coarser droplets could reduce the risk of pesticide spray drift, but this conclusion is based on a large volume of application, and it is easy to ignore how this impacts the control effect. The difference from the conventional spray is that the carrier volume of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is very limited. Little was known about how to choose suitable nozzles with UAV’s limited volume to ensure appropriate pest control. Droplet deposition with the addition of adjuvant and the LU110-010, LU110-015, and LU110-020 nozzles and control of planthoppers within nozzles treatments were studied by a quadrotor UAV in rice (Tillering and Flowering stages). Allura Red (10 g/L) was used as a tracer and Kromekote cards were used to collect droplet deposits. The results indicate that the density of the droplets covered by the LU110-01 nozzle is well above other treatments, while the differences in droplet deposition and coverage are not significant. The deposition and coverage were improved with the addition of adjuvant, especially in LU110-01 nozzles’ treatment. The control effects of rice planthoppers treated by LU110-01 nozzle were 89.4% and 90.8% respectively, which were much higher than 67.6% and 58.5% of LU110-020 nozzle at 7 days in the Tillering and Flowering stage. The results suggest that selecting a nozzle with a small atomizing particle size for UAV could improve the control effect of planthoppers.
Factors Controlling Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration of Highland Agricultural Areas in the Mae Chaem Basin, Northern Thailand
Authors: Arunrat Noppol , Pumijumnong Nathsuda , Sereenonchai Sukanya , Chareonwong Uthai
Published: February 2020

Understanding the effect of the environment, crop types, and land management practices on the organic carbon sequestration of top soil is crucial for adopting management strategies in highland agricultural areas. The objectives of this study are: (1) to estimate top soil organic carbon density (SOCD) of different crop types and (2) to analyze the factors controlling top SOCD in highland agricultural areas. The top soil layers from 0 to 30 cm depths were collected from the Mae Chaem basin, Northern Thailand. The results showed that the highest top SOCD was found soil used for growing upland rice, which contained an average of 58.71 Mg C ha−1. A significant difference between the top SOCD was detected between areas where minimum tillage and conventional tillage of various crops, with average of values 59.17 and 41.33 Mg C ha−1, respectively, for areas growing strawberries; 61.14 and 37.58 Mg C ha−1, respectively, for cabbage, and 71.15 and 39.55 Mg C ha−1, respectively, for maize. At higher elevation, the top SOCD was high, which may be due to high clay content and low temperature. Increased use of chemical fertilizers lead to increases in top SOCD, resulting in increased crop yields. Elevation, bulk density, N and K2O fertilizers were the main factors controlling the top SOCD at all sites.
Control and Surveillance Operations to Prevent Chronic Wasting Disease Establishment in Free-Ranging White-Tailed Deer in Québec, Canada
Authors: Gagnier Marianne , Laurion Isabelle , DeNicola Anthony J.
Published: February 2020

Chronic wasting disease (CWD), a degenerative and fatal prion disease affecting cervids, was detected for the first time in the province of Québec, Canada, in a red deer (Cervus elaphus) farm in the Laurentides region on 10 September 2018. To assess CWD prevalence and control the disease in the free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) population, a response plan including enhanced surveillance, population control, regulatory measures, and public outreach was deployed by the Ministry of Forests, Wildlife, and Parks (MFFP). In the 401 km2 white-tailed deer control area, a total of 750 free-ranging white-tailed deer were culled over 70 days, from 22 September to 15 December 2018. Of the culled deer, 534 were tested for CWD. We also tested for CWD a total of 447 white-tailed deer hunted from the enhanced surveillance zone and 2584 free-ranging white-tailed deer harvested outside this zone. Regulations were applied to prevent the spread of the disease through movements of infected animals harvested by hunters. Although no case of CWD was detected in free-ranging cervids in Québec in 2018, this does not confirm the absence of the disease in these populations. However, the results suggest that if CWD is present, few free-ranging cervids are infected, making it possible to prevent its establishment in the province of Québec.
Fatal Infection in a Wild Sandbar Shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus), Caused by Streptococcus agalactiae, Type Ia-ST7
Authors: Morick Danny , Davidovich Nadav , Bigal Eyal , Rosenbluth Ezra , Bouznach Arieli , Rokney Assaf , Ron Merav , Wosnick Natascha , Tchernov Dan , Scheinin Aviad P.
Published: February 2020

Streptococcus agalactiae is one of the most important fish pathogenic bacteria as it is responsible for epizootic mortalities in both wild and farmed species. S. agalactiae is also known as a zoonotic agent. In July 2018, a stranded wild sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus), one of the most common shark species in the Mediterranean Sea, was found moribund on the seashore next to Netanya, Israel, and died a few hours later. A post-mortem examination, histopathology, classical bacteriology and advanced molecular techniques revealed a bacterial infection caused by S. agalactiae, type Ia-ST7. Available sequences publicly accessible databases and phylogenetic analysis suggest that the S. agalactiae isolated in this case is closely related to fish and human isolates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of a fatal streptococcosis in sandbar sharks.