bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urban bridges studies on dynamic impacts from urban rolling stock
Authors: Khamidullina Natalya
Published: August 2022

The article is dedicated to the actual dynamic impact study of rolling stock on urban bridges. The requirements for recording the dynamic impact specified in domestic and foreign regulatory documents are considered. Using a mobile measuring complex, the results of which determine the natural frequencies of vertical, horizontal transverse, and horizontal longitudinal vibrations. The technique used in the experiment allows us to obtain initial data for the dynamic calculation of structures, to clarify the real rolling stock dynamics depending on the state of the rail track on the bridge. Urban rolling stock is a relevant and necessary type of public transport that meets modern city requirements. The bridge crossings construction will ensure the connection of the urban areas separated by obstacles into a single network. When designing such structures, it is important to take into account the effects of actual dynamic coercitive forces. The dynamics study allows, on the one hand, to reasonably set the dynamic loads impact on bridges, on the other hand, to diagnose the structures state by dynamic parameters. In this work, using a specialized mobile measuring complex, the authors measured the oscillation parameters on moving vehicles. As a conducted experimental studies result, a methodology for determining the dynamic characteristics of a moving load and directly urban bridges has been demonstrated. As a result of the conducted experimental studies, it can be concluded that the proposed method allows obtaining initial data for the dynamic analysis of structures for the transport load. In addition, fixing the transport load dynamic impact during operation allows you to clarify the real rolling stock dynamics, depending on the state of the rail track on the bridge.
The benefits of nature-based systems in a changing and uncertain world
Authors: Ashley Richard Martin , Horton Bruce , Walker Louise , Digman Christopher , Shaffer Paul , van Herk Sebastiaan
Published: August 2022

Multifunctional nature-based solutions (NBS) can help urban areas become more climate proof and adaptable and provide a range of societal goals. Alongside chronic impacts from climate change, the Covid-19 pandemic has illustrated the disruption that unexpected and acute shocks can bring to society. Measures such as NBS can help reduce the vulnerability of urban areas and increase resilience. Traditional infrastructure planning relies on strong business cases to demonstrate the economic value of a scheme. Numerous approaches assign economic value to the benefits from using NBS. However, this value is more than what can be accounted for by traditional finance methods, as there are many different perspectives on ‘value’. Decision making processes for selection of NBS measures require stronger integration of these value perspectives. This paper considers these perspectives in the business models that are being used in the decision processes regarding use and selection of NBS. Examples are drawn from case studies in the EU Begin project and also from the Living with Water partnership in the UK, which illustrate how value perspectives can be included in business cases for NBS, also signposting the need to account for potential future changes using scenario planning.
Operational analysis for controlling safety violations on construction sites in South Africa
Authors: Emuze Fidelis
Published: August 2022

The persistence of accidents, injuries and fatalities on construction sites is an ongoing concern. One of the factors that cause these negative events that are yet to be addressed widely is safety violation, which is examined in this paper. A phenomenological study was undertaken in the central region of South Africa among professionals who are active in construction. The collated textual data confirmed that unsafe worksites, negligence and fatigue and intoxication are detrimental to safe operations during construction. Operational analysis and control is a process that can be used to help focus attention on the sources of safety violations while integrating all aspects of operational work in a way that does not harm people. The practical implication is that operational analysis and control can be deployed during various types of construction projects, including municipal engineering projects, with existing legislation and regulations.
Load history idealisation effects for design of monopiles in clay
Authors: Liu Haoyuan , Sivasithamparam Nallathamby , Suzuki Yusuke , Jostad Hans Petter
Published: August 2022

Evaluation of the characteristic behaviour of clay under cyclic loading is desirable and essential for an optimised monopile design of offshore wind turbines (OWTs). In current design practice, an irregular storm history is transformed into an idealised regular cyclic history with loading packages of uniform amplitude in ascending order. This paper investigates the effects of load representations by performing a series of load-controlled cyclic triaxial tests. The load histories investigated consist of a calculated 1 h storm loading on an OWT monopile foundation in the North Sea and its representations with different orders of the idealised load packages. The role of the average shear stress is discussed by comparing the shear strain evolution, pore water pressure accumulation, soil stiffness and strength. Cyclic degradation obtained with and without average shear stress components is studied. The experimental investigations in this paper indicate that the current design practice of load idealisation may not necessarily be conservative. The average shear stress affects the strain accumulation significantly but has relatively minor effects on the evolution of pore water pressure. It is suggested that the soil element response subjected to irregular load history should be investigated further from both experimental and numerical perspectives to develop an improved procedure for monopile design.
Construction waste – causes and solution: action research
Authors: Soharu A. , Naveen B. P. , Sil A.
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study was to identify the primary causes of construction waste and the most effective methods for reducing them. In the collaborative action research methodology, a questionnaire was used as a tool. Data from participants were analysed statistically using multiple regressions and descriptive statistics (percentage, mean and t-test). Responses were collected from various stakeholders from the construction industry having different expertise and work experience and spread across all of India. The primary causes of construction waste have been identified as being during material ordering, transit damage, negligent frame of mind of the working team, wrong work methodologies and improper work planning. Preparation of an appropriate waste management plan at the start and periodic review of the same by senior management; use of building certification methods; correct handing and return of leftover material from the site; a trained workforce at the site; and proper work methodologies are seen as being the most effective waste reduction techniques. Multiple regressions revealed that respondent work roles, experience and type of project were substantial positive factors that influence reducing waste management at the project site.
Analysis of mixing construction and demolition waste with soil for embankments
Authors: Arruda Mauro Sergio Zakia Jabur , Mancini Sandro Donnini , Rodrigues Roger Augusto , Antunes Maria Lúcia Pereira
Published: August 2022

In some countries, there are cases of inadequate destination and even final disposal of construction and demolition waste (CDW), which contributes to environmental degradation and material wastes. The construction sector is a great consumer of natural resources, and CDW can sometimes be useful to minimise the need for natural materials, including embankment filling, which could use a large volume of material. In these cases, the use of CDW can be promising if the embankment quality is not affected; and it will have a great economic advantage. This paper aims to assess experimentally the feasibility and potential benefits of employing CDW mixed with soil in embankments. CDW samples were collected from three recycling facilities in Brazil and mixed with lateritic soil. Compaction tests determined optimum parameters of the lateritic soil, and the soil mixed with 25 and 50% of CDW. The maximum dry densities of the mixtures changed slightly compared to natural soil. The mixtures’ optimum water content increased only 2% in relation to the soil without waste, which means that the compaction of the mixtures will require 10–20% more water, depending on CDW quality. Results show that these materials and proportions can be considered for possible application in embankments.
Verification of the Status of Issuance of Discharge Information Documents and Use of ‘Okusuritecho’ as Medication Handbook in Community Pharmacies
Authors: R Saito , T Nirasawa , M Shibata , Y Inoue
Published: August 2022

The activities of community pharmacies include collecting and sharing information about patients' hospitalization histories by checking medication registers, interviewing patients and their families, and providing information from other medical institutions. In 2020, an additional fee was established to provide pharmacies with information in a document form at the time of discharge from the hospital. This study aimed to verify the use of discharge information documents and medication handbooks as medication support for patients visiting community pharmacies after discharge from the hospital. We conducted this study on 97 patients who visited a community pharmacy after discharge from a community hospital between January 2021 and September 2021. In this survey, 17 (17/97) discharge drug information forms were obtained from patients. Surprisingly, 13 of the 17 patients were included in the Medication Book. In addition, information on hospitalization history was obtained from 82 patients and their families. Eleven patients (11/97, 11.3%) were subject to prescription inquiries. Thus, the discharge information documents were not widely used, and the information obtained from patient interviews and medication handbooks was utilized primarily for medication counselling at community pharmacies.
Review: Vineland Reread
Authors: O'Bryan Michael
Published: August 2022

A book review of Peter Peter Coviello's Vineland Reread (Columbia University Press, 2021)
Digitale Datenverwaltung medizinischer Daten – Fallstricke beim Einsatz moderner Informationstechnik
Authors:   IT-Security@Work GmbH (ISW), Dreieich-Sprendlingen, Steiner Marion
Published: August 2022

Der Einsatz moderner IT-Instrumente wie Smartphones, Tablets oder Cloud-Anwendungen bietet viele Vorteile, birgt allerdings auch Gefahren, wenn man nicht „sicher“ damit umgeht. Statt formalen Datenschutzaspekten werden im Folgenden die praktischen Aspekte der Datensicherheit sowie Verfügbarkeit der Daten und Funktionen in den Fokus gestellt. Anhand von Beispielszenarien werden Fallstricke aus der Praxis und praktikable Lösungsansätze zum Umgang damit vorgestellt.
Erste Hilfe im Betrieb – Grundanforderungen der betrieblichen Ersten Hilfe und Entwicklungen im Kontext hybrider Arbeitsformen
Authors:   Verwaltungs-Berufsgenossenschaft (VBG), Geschäftsstelle, Fachbereich Erste Hilfe, Würzburg, Palme Sonja
Published: August 2022

Unter Erster Hilfe sind alle medizinischen, organisatorischen und betreuenden Maßnahmen an Erkrankten, Verletzten oder Betroffenen subsumiert, die mit einfachen Mitteln und unter Einbeziehung des Notrufs erbracht werden können. Die Erste Hilfe stellt damit ein wesentliches Element in der Rettungskette dar, die den Zeitraum bis zur professionellen Versorgung überbrückt.
SPORCULARIN SPOR HİZMETLERİNE YÖNELİK ALGI VE BEKLENTİLERİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI (IĞDIR İL ÖRNEĞİ)
Authors: YAVAŞER Gökhan , YURTSIZOĞLU Zühal
Published: August 2022

Spor hizmeti sunan kurum ve işletmeler, topluma hizmet etmek, hedeflerine ulaşmak ve rekabet edebilmek için, bünyesindeki sporcuların ve spor hizmetini talep eden bireylerin ihtiyaçlarını karşılarken, beklentilerini de göz önünde bulundurmak zorundadır. Ayrıca sosyal devlet olmanın önemli görevlerinden biri de, dezavantajlı kabul edilen az gelişmiş ve kırsal bölgelerdeki çocuk ve gençlerin, uygun programlar çerçevesinde toplumsal uyumlarını sağlayacak etkinliklerin planlanmasıdır. Ekonomik ve sosyal olarak dezavantajlı bölgelerde yaşayan genç nüfusu, devletin sunacağı spor ve boş zaman etkinlikleri ile topluma kazandırmak mümkündür. Bu anlamda kırsal bölgelerde gençlik ve spor il ve ilçe müdürlüklerine büyük görevler düşmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Iğdır İlinde farklı branşlardaki sporcuların, spor hizmetlerinin kalitesine yönelik algı ve beklentilerini araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda Iğdır Gençlik ve Spor İl Müdürlüğü (GSİM) sporcularının algıladıkları spor hizmeti kalitesi ve bekledikleri spor hizmeti kalitesi karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu çalışma sonucunda GSİM’in, dezavantajlı olan bölgelere spor hizmetleri ile ilgili neler yapılması gerektiği konusunda yeni plan ve programlar çerçevesinde öneriler oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır
Field and laboratory research into the undrained behaviour of tailings at the University of Pretoria
Authors: Jacobsz SW. , Narainsamy Y.
Published: August 2022

Several high-impact tailings dam failures around the world in recent years have placed a renewed focus on the stability of tailings dams and pointed to potential shortcomings in traditional drained design and safety evaluation procedures. A need to consider undrained shear strength in the design of tailings facilities has become apparent. However, there are specific requirements that need to be met before undrained shearing occurs. In South Africa, the last major failure was likely the Merriespruit disaster in 1994, which leads to the question of whether the conditions required for undrained shearing are readily applicable to South African tailings dams. This paper describes research at the University of Pretoria that has recently commenced to further investigate the conditions required for undrained failure to occur. The research includes laboratory and field testing to replicate these conditions in the laboratory and relate them to those found in an active tailings dam.
Defining optimal drill-hole spacing: A novel integrated analysis from exploration to ore control
Authors: Afonseca B.C. , Miguel-Silva V.
Published: August 2022

Drill-hole spacing analysis (DHSA) and optimization are becoming commonplace for uncertainty assessment and management in the mining industry. However, there is no standardized DHSA workflow, and the outputs of certain methodologies are not interchangeable. We group available simulation-based DHSA methods according to their accounted uncertainty into (i) raw uncertainty, assessed by drawing realizations from synthetic data-sets with the drilling spacings to be tested; and (ii) model uncertainty, in which these synthetic data-sets are used to assess the variation between the estimated model and the (unknown) actual value. DHSA workflows available in the literature ignore the differences between both types of uncertainty. Commonly, the DHSA algorithm is chosen without a detailed analysis of its uncertainty output, which may lead to misleading results and suboptimal decisions. While available solutions are based only on assessing raw or model uncertainty, the proposed approach simultaneously analyses both and their relationship for models at different stages of the mine. The integrated analysis results deliver more information to support decision-making than available methods. Principles, practical considerations, and discussions of the advantages of the proposed integrated analysis are presented. The approach is applied to a real gold deposit to illustrate its use.
Experimental in vitro modeling of hematopoiesis by using diffusion chambers of an original design
Authors: Denys Bilko
Published: August 2022

One of the most important tasks of biotechnology and regenerative medicine is to achieve long-term expansion of hematopoietic stem cells. One of the promising approaches to optimizing the cultures of hematopoietic cells is the creation of a microenvironment in the form of feeder stromal layers, which allows for the reproduction of the combination of soluble cytokines and growth factors necessary for hematopoiesis and promotes an increase in their proliferation [1,2].
Vermicompostagem para o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos orgânicos domiciliares
Authors: Winck Mattheus Fontana , Froehlich Cristiane , Schreiber Dusan , Jahno Vanusca Dalosto
Published: August 2022

Existem algumas possibilidades para a reciclagem de resíduos sólidos orgânicos, podendo ser por compostagem ou vermicompostagem, diminuindo assim o impacto ambiental do descarte desses resíduos em aterros sanitários e no meio ambiente. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a vermicompostagem de resíduos orgânicos domiciliares com duas espécies de minhocas, Eudrilus eugeniae e Eisenia fetida. O processo de vermicompostagem desta pesquisa foi realizado durante seis meses, sendo retirado a cada 60 dias o vermicomposto e as vermicomposteiras monitoradas e alimentadas semanalmente. A partir do monitoramento semanal e ajustes durante a vermicompostagem, pôde-se prover ambiente (temperatura, pH, umidade e luminosidade) favorável à produção de vermicomposto. A disponibilidade de manganês e zinco foi maior quando o composto teve o pH mais ácido. Já a disponibilidade de fósforo, potássio, cálcio e magnésio apresentaram aumento quando o pH se estabilizou. Pôde-se concluir que o vermicomposto pode ser utilizado juntamente com o solo base, para aumentar a capacidade de troca de cátions solo-planta, bem como a adequação da adequação do pH do solo à necessidade de nutrientes da planta, libera os macro e micronutrientes necessários a seu desenvolvimento. O estudo contribui para o conhecimento acerca da vermicompostagem e seu uso em pequena escala.
Atributos de solos in situ e ex situ da Ilha de Germoplasma, uma reserva ambiental em Tucuruí (PA)
Authors: Neri Pablo Paulo Souza , Vilhena Karyme do Socorro de Souza , Cardoso Fábio José Bonfim , Zambrano Géssica Cavalcante
Published: August 2022

A UHE Tucuruí está localizada na Bacia Tocantins-Araguaia e a partir do enchimento do reservatório formaram-se 1.100 ilhas. A Ilha de Germoplasma tem como intuito conservar a genética das espécies vegetais presentes na região. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar os atributos físicos e químicos do solo e caracterizar a área in situ (PC03), plantio em sombreamento (QD18) e plantio a pleno sol (QD17) área ex situ, da Ilha de Germoplasma. Foram coletadas 60 subamostras no total nas profundidades de 0-10 cm e 10-20 cm. Em seguida, as amostras foram preparadas e analisadas no laboratório de Engenharia Civil da Universidade Federal do Pará. Os resultados químicos e físicos dos solos foram submetidos ao teste estatístico Tukey a 5% de probabilidade, Análise de Agrupamento Hierárquico (HCA) e Análise de Componentes Principais (PCA). A PC03 apresentou as melhores condições dos atributos químicos e físicos. Foi observada similaridade entre as áreas PC03 (in situ) e QD18 (ex situ) plantio por sombreamento em relação à QD17, área de plantio a pleno sol (ex situ). Nesse sentido, o plantio QD18 proporciona melhores condições de qualidade do solo para a manutenção e desenvolvimento das espécies vegetais e reprodução de sementes.
Dinâmica da sazonalidade e atributos físicos e químicos de solos em lixão a céu aberto no Sul do Amazonas
Authors: Assis Juliana Malta de , Brito Filho Elilson Gomes de , Campos Milton César Costa , Brito Wildson Benedito Mendes , Martins Thalita Silva , Lima Alan Ferreira Leite de , Rodrigues Anderson Vieira , Pinheiro Elyenayra Nogueira
Published: August 2022

O aumento na produção de resíduos sólidos e disposição inadequada destes resíduos em lixões representa um dos principais problemas relacionados a fatores ambientais que ocorre em diversos municípios brasileiros, causando a contaminação do solo decorrente desse aumento. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar os atributos físicos e químicos do solo em uma área do lixão, na cidade de Humaitá (AM). Foram escolhidos seis perfis de forma aleatória no entorno de toda a área do lixão, em seguida foram coletadas amostras de solos nos períodos seco e chuvoso do ano (2018), nas camadas de 0,00-0,10; 0,10-0,20; 0,20-0,30; 0,30-0,40; 0,40-0,50 m, totalizando 30 amostras no final de cada período (seco e chuvoso). Em seguida, foram realizadas análises físicas: textura, densidade, macroporosidade, microporosidade, volume total de poros, umidade e resistência do solo a penetração; e químicas: pH em água, alumínio trocável, acidez potencial, carbono orgânico, estoque de carbono, fósforo e potássio disponível. A produção de compostos orgânicos tende a ser maior no período seco, logo uma atenção a ações que visem a mitigação desse fenômeno deve ser dada visando menor impacto ambiental no solo e prevenindo que alcance lençóis freáticos por meio de lixiviação durante o período chuvoso, considerando o intenso regime hídrico no Estado do Amazonas.
Gestão no meio agrícola com o apoio da Inteligência Artificial: uma análise da digitalização da agricultura
Authors: Borba Marcelo da Costa , Ramos Josefa Edileide Santos , Ramborger Bibiana Melo , Marques Eluardo Oliveira , Machado João Armando Dessimon
Published: August 2022

A aplicação da inteligência artificial aos dados dos sensores e os sistemas de gerenciamento de fazendas estão evoluindo para programas de acompanhamento em tempo real, que fornecem recomendações e insights valiosos em ação e apoio à decisão dos agricultores. Neste artigo, apresenta-se uma revisão dedicada a aplicações da inteligência artificial na produção agrícola. Os trabalhos analisados foram categorizados em: (a) redes neurais; (b) aprendizagem supervisionada; e (c) métodos dinâmicos. A categorização dos artigos demonstrou como a agricultura pode se beneficiar das tecnologias com o apoio da inteligência artificial, através do gerenciamento e tomada de decisão mais precisos, assim como otimizando a lucratividade, a produtividade e a sustentabilidade, resultando em métodos que podem ser eficazes se integrados a um sistema de informação robusto e construído em funções que podem ser cobertas por seus usuários.
Germinação e armazenamento de sementes de Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd. em diferentes ambientes
Authors: Arantes Cárita Rodrigues de Aquino , Correa Amanda Ribeiro , Silva Ana Mayra Pereira , Pallaoro Dryelle Sifuentes , Camili Elisangela Clarete , Coelho Maria de Fatima Barbosa
Published: August 2022

Objetivou-se identificar as melhores condições de temperatura, fotoperíodo e pré-embebição em água para obtenção da maior porcentagem, velocidade de germinação e emergência das plântulas de T. triangulare, além de avaliar o potencial de armazenamento das sementes em diferentes ambientes. Primeiramente avaliou-se o efeito das temperaturas de 15, 20, 25, 30 e 30/20 ºC na germinação das sementes. Após, foi estudado o tempo de pré-embebição em água (0, 12, 24, 36 e 48 h) e quatro condições de luminosidade (luz constante, escuro constante, fotoperíodo de 8/16 e 12/12 h de luz/escuro, respectivamente), sob temperatura de 30/20 ºC. Por último, as sementes foram armazenadas em cápsulas pretas em três ambientes (A1: geladeira comum; A2: câmara refrigerada; e A3: ambiente de laboratório), sendo avaliadas a cada três meses, durante 24 meses. As porcentagens de germinação foram de 97, 91, 42, 12 e 85% nas temperaturas de 15, 20, 25, 30, 30/20 ºC, respectivamente. No entanto, o tempo médio de germinação foi menor na temperatura alternada 30/20 ºC (9,5 dias). A germinação de T. triangulare é favorecida pelas temperaturas alternadas de 30/20 ºC, em conjunto com a pré-embebição em água por 24 h e fotoperíodo de 12 h de luz ou 8/16 h (luz/escuro). O armazenamento no ambiente com condições de 7 ± 2 ºC e umidade relativa de 65 ± 4% prolongam a viabilidade das sementes ao longo do tempo de armazenamento.
Germination and vigor of buffel grass seeds stored in environmental conditions
Authors: Figueiredo Josiane Cantuária , David Andréia Márcia Santos de Souza , Silva Cleisson Dener da , Alves Dorismar David , Amaro Hugo Tiago Ribeiro , Nobre Danúbia Aparecida Costa
Published: August 2022

One of the main limitations for the cultivation of forages refers to seed dormancy, which can compromise the emergence of seedlings in the field and the establishment of pastures. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the germination and vigor of buffel grass seeds cv. Aridus stored under environmental conditions. The experimental design used was completely randomized, with six evaluation periods (0, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after harvest) and four replications. Right after the harvest, and at each evaluation period, the seeds were evaluated for water content, germination and vigor. The water content of the seeds did not differ. There were increases in the percentage of seed germination from the initial evaluation period up to 17.96 months, reaching an estimated maximum value of 62.74%. The buffel grass seeds showed progressive increases in seedling emergence and in the emergence speed index (IVE) evaluated over the storage time. It is recommended that pastures of buffel grass cv. Aridus are formed using seeds stored between 13.97 to 18.98 months under environmental conditions, as they present greater germination and vigor.
Associação de indicadores do valor adicionado agropecuário e o valor da produção animal paulista
Authors: Oliveira Paulo André de , Rodrigues Sergio Augusto , Padovani Carlos Roberto , Cervi Ricardo Ghantous
Published: August 2022

O valor adicionado agropecuário e o valor da produção agropecuário apresentam associação que não se mantém proporcional ao longo do tempo. A importância dessa associação está em diversas áreas como na cobrança de tributos e acompanhamento da atividade econômica de um setor. O objetivo deste trabalho foi medir, de forma simultânea, a associação entre o conjunto de indicadores do valor adicionado agropecuário e do valor da produção agropecuário do grupo de produtos de origem animal em regiões do Estado de São Paulo. Dessa forma, será possível uma melhor compreensão da dinâmica do valor da produção dos principais produtos de origem animal em indicadores relacionados com o valor adicionado da agropecuária. As unidades de estudo foram cada uma das quarenta regiões administrativas dos Escritórios de Desenvolvimento Rural (EDR) do Estado de São Paulo nos anos de 2007 e 2016, com 13 indicadores em dois grupos. A associação entre os grupos foi feita por meio da correlação canônica. A participação de produtos de origem animal, de origem bovina e participação do leite nos produtos animais destacaram-se pela importância econômica e pelo comportamento antagônico em relação às demais variáveis de produção, explicado pela complementaridade da produção animal em áreas de pouca aptidão para a produção agrícola.
O Caso dos Empregados da Fábrica de Fogos em Santo Antônio de Jesus e a Efetividade das Decisões da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos no Brasil
Authors: Lazari Rafael José Nadim de , Arruda Cleide Alves de
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo tem por objetivo abordar a efetividade das decisões da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos no Brasil, tomando como paradigma o caso dos Empregados da Fábrica de Fogos de Santo Antônio de Jesus e as expectativas de cumprimento da decisão proferida por aquela Corte. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, inicialmente, apresenta-se, em um prisma histórico, o Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos, o papel dos órgãos que o compõem e a inserção do Brasil na Organização dos Estados Americanos. Em segundo momento, discorre-se acerca da relativização da soberania nacional frente à força legal das decisões da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos. Apresenta-se, em sequência, o caso dos Empregados da Fábrica de Fogos de Santo Antônio de Jesus, abordando seu contexto fático a partir da sentença proferida pela Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos, bem como outros desdobramentos. Conclui-se que há um processo de lentidão no cumprimento das decisões da Corte, principalmente tendo em vista a postura do país em condenações anteriores; porém, a partir da pesquisa, identifica-se iniciativas recentes que, se implementadas adequadamente, podem trazer uma nova configuração para a efetividade dessas decisões. O trabalho utiliza-se do método descritivo, valendo-se de pesquisa bibliográfica e análise de decisões.
Reprodução da Hierarquia de Gênero no Ensino Jurídico: Um Novo Horizonte a partir da Jurisprudência Feminista do Direito
Authors: Fadel Anna Laura Maneschy , Costa Clara Gianni Viana
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo denunciar o direito enquanto um campo masculinista, e como essa lógica se reproduz por meio de um ensino jurídico que se estrutura por um tipo de raciocínio que apaga as práticas discursivas e relacionais das mulheres. Em um primeiro momento, por meio dos ensinamentos de Duncan Kennedy (1984), do Critical Legal Studies (CLS), faz-se uma descrição da forma como o ensino jurídico se opera, em especial, ao denunciar o direito como uma prática engajada sócio, política e economicamente, que se reproduz por intermédio de um sistema hierarquizado dessas categorias expostas. Em seguida, questiona-se se essa pirâmide hierárquica não pressupõe, igualmente, uma assimetria de gênero, que se apreende pela configuração do ensino jurídico como uma prática que reproduz paradigmas falocêntricos, como a argumentação e um repúdio pelo particular, pela experiência e pelo contextual. Nesse ponto, debate-se com fundamento nos escritos da autora estadunidense Carrie Menkel-Meadow (1988). Ao final, realiza-se um exercício imaginativo ao propor possíveis mudanças nesse modelo de ensino hierárquico e marcado pelo olhar masculino.
A Segurança Jurídica como meio de Prestígio às Decisões e Prevenção de Conflito
Authors: Lombardi Lia Cocicov , Lehfeld Lucas de Souza , Perez Filho Augusto Martinez
Published: August 2022

O Poder Judiciário brasileiro enfrenta expressiva litigiosidade e clama pela prevenção de conflitos. O presente artigo pretende examinar o ativismo judicial no Brasil, que desprestigia a segurança jurídica e a previsibilidade do jurisdicionado. Tem-se por objetivo geral verificar o dever do magistrado e dos órgãos judiciais de garantir segurança jurídica e credibilidade de suas decisões, em face dos acenos de ativismo no exercício jurisdicional brasileiro. Os objetivos específicos são a análise da conduta ativista na tomada de decisão, que por vezes se fundamenta em conveniências do momento e em ideologias do aplicador do Direito, bem como dos fatores culturais que corroboram para o desprestígio da decisão judicial e do cabimento do ativismo judicial no Brasil. O presente artigo utilizou o método dedutivo de pesquisa e revisão bibliográfica de artigos e de doutrina. Foi também objeto de estudo jurisprudência acerca do tema. Nesse contexto, pretende-se demonstrar a premência de garantia da segurança jurídica como modo de prevenção de conflitos e a viabilidade (limitada) do ativismo judicial no sistema judiciário pátrio.
Clinical and functional indicators of the eyes in children with pseudophakia and their mothers
Authors: Khamraeva Lola S. , Kruglovа Tatyana B. , Narzullaeva Dildora U.
Published: August 2022

AIM: To analyze clinicofunctional and echobiometric indicators of the eyes in children with target refraction, pseudofacial myopia, and their mothers.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the eye department of the clinic of the Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, a correlation analysis of optical and echobiometric indicators was conducted in 30 children (30 eyes) with artifakia and their mothers (60 eyes). Visiometry, keratorefractometry, and ultrasound examination (A/B scan of the eyeball) were conducted. Children were examined 1214 months after CC extraction with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.
RESULTS: A strong direct correlation was determined between the optical power of IOLs in children and their mothers who were theoretically planned for IOL implantation of IOLs in the group that has achieved target refraction. This may indicate the possibility that the child has the same optical power as the mother and the optical power of IOLs in a child is the same as that in adults. No correlation was found between the optical power of the IOL in the eyes of children with pseudophakic myopia and maternal artificial lenses theoretically planned for implantation.
CONCLUSION: The direct strong correlations between the optical power of the IOL of children and the lenses of their mothers in the group with the target refraction achieved by this age make it possible to use the optical power of maternal lenses as a guideline when calculating the power of the IOL implanted in children to achieve the target refraction. The lack of correlation between the refractive powers of the IOL in children with pseudophakic myopia and the lenses of mothers may indicate that the SRK II formula with age-related hypocorrection is not adapted to calculate the IOL power in children at risk of excessive refractive enhancement after surgery.
Structure of iris neoplasms in children and adolescents
Authors: Saakyan Svetlana V. , Svirina Irina V. , Tsygankov Alexander Ju. , Myakoshina Elena B. , Kiseleva Tatyana N. , Lugovkina Kseniya V.
Published: August 2022

AIM: To describe clinical cases of iris neoplasms in children and adolescents.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was based on retrospective and prospective analyses of children and adolescents with iris neoplasia from January 2018 to April 2022. During this period, 44 children with suspected iris neoplasia, including 20 boys and 24 girls, applied to the outpatient department; their ages ranged from 6 months to 17 years (9.15 years). The diagnosis was based on a comprehensive examination of patients including clinical and instrumental methods. Biomicroscopy, ultrasound investigation including ultrasound biomicroscopy, and when necessary, optical coherence tomography of the anterior eye region were performed. When it was impossible to establish the diagnosis due to the childs age, the examination was performed under general anesthesia in the ocular oncology and radiology department.
RESULTS: Of the 44 iris lesions, nevus was found in 32 (72.7%) patients, iris melanosis in 3 (6.8%), cysts in 5 (11.3%), heterochromia in 1 (2.3%), floccula in 1 (2.3%), hamartroma in 1 (2,3%), and melanocytoma in1 (2,3%). The majority of the patients with these lesions are observed in the outpatient department. From January 2018 to April 2022, six children with iris lesions were examined in the department of ophthalmo-oncology and radiology under general anesthesia; accordingly, two children received dynamic observation, two underwent iridectomy, and two others underwent YAG-laser cystotomy and cystodestruction. Two iridectomies were also performed among adolescents. Histological diagnosis was verified in four patients after iridectomy: iris stromal cyst, iris pigment epithelium cyst, melanocytoma, and iris spindle cell nevi were detected.
CONCLUSION: According to the observation data, iris nevi were most common (72.7%), followed by cysts (11.3%) and melanosis (6.8%) of the iris. Heterochromia, floccules, and hamartomas, and melanocytoma of the iris had equal frequency (2.3%).
Lipid homeostasis and antimalarials in Plasmodium falciparum
Authors:   , Ahiya Avantika I. , Vaidya Akhil B.
Published: August 2022

During its dynamic intra-erythrocytic lifecycle in the human host, Plasmodium falciparum, a protozoan parasite is exposed to varied environment. In addition, the parasite also undergoes unique morphological changes during its lifetime. It introduces various membranous organelles in the infected erythrocyte cytoplasm that establish pathogenesis. P. falciparum heavily relies on host derived nutrients and lipids to survive. A very unique feature of the P. falciparum infected host erythrocyte is the distribution of cholesterol in various membranes. The infected erythrocyte plasma membrane has the highest amount of cholesterol. The amount of cholesterol in the parasite plasma membrane (PPM) is maintained at low levels through the activity of a cholesterol pump, PfNCR1. Short term exposure to novel antimalarials that target PfNCR1, leads to the accumulation of cholesterol in the PPM. These results highlight the presence of an active process that maintains cholesterol in membranes. The exact mechanism by which P. falciparum maintains the cholesterol gradient and the importance of erythrocyte membrane cholesterol in the development of the parasite remains unknown. Here, we looked at the effects of modifying erythrocyte membrane cholesterol on the growth and development of P. falciparum. Using live fluorescent video microscopy, we report that treatment with M[beta]CD resulted in dramatic expulsion of the trophozoite from the erythrocyte without causing cell lysis. This expulsion happens under ~10s. Using live fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry, we show that infection with P. falciparum dramatically alters the distribution of accessible pool of cholesterol in the erythrocyte plasma membrane This was assessed by binding of domain 4 of anthrolysin O (ALOD4) and treatment with sphingomyelinase. Our studies also highlight the unrecognized role of parasite heat shock protein complex; J-dots, as potential transporters of lipids. Upon treatment with antimalarials, we show that the uptake of an essential fatty acid is not altered but there is a significant reduction in the number of neutral lipid bodies in the parasites These findings uncover the dynamic modifications that occur in the erythrocyte membrane cholesterol upon infection with P. falciparum, the essential nature of erythrocyte membrane cholesterol and mechanism by which lipids are transported in the infected erythrocyte.
Black News Channel
Authors:   , Henson Tajanea , McHugh Michelle
Published: August 2022

From the first cable news program to the influx of channels we now have access to, several studies have reported on the impact television news has had in America. News reporting has taken on a life of its own with the advancement of social media and cell phones, letting everyday people engage in journalistic reporting from their living rooms, or even out on the streets as they discover news while it happens. Within the research below, you will find how the impact of news has changed throughout the course of modern reporting and the importance of diverse representation within news outlets. The analytical methods used within this study were qualitative research, with interview questions directed at industry leaders, as well a review of qualitative data, with the examination of Pew Research Center surveys across America. These methodologies led the researcher to an understanding of the overall impact of Black News Channel on all audience members, especially those from diverse backgrounds looking for a more authentic view of their communities. The significance of these findings can be used to help determine the next steps for leaders in the news industry as they work to diversify work environments and report on stories of marginalized communities with a lens of authenticity.
Development and Functionality of New Classes of Small Macrocyclic HIV-1 Env Inactivators
Authors:   , Bendia Aicha , Chaiken Irwin
Published: August 2022

HIV-1 entry to the cell is a key step for infection. Entry remains a critical multi-stage process that results in conformational change in the HIV envelope protein, which leads to membrane fusion. The Chaiken Lab has previously developed peptide triazoles (PTs) and their cyclic counterparts (cPTs) that function as dual antagonists targeting the gp120 subunits of the HIV-1 Envelope trimer. Moreover, this class of entry inhibitors is able to block the virus envelope entry to the cell, cause shedding, and envelope inactivation. The entry inhibition path is a crucial key for therapeutic discovery and development, specially that no vaccine has been attained yet to battle HIV-1 infection. This study is to investigate a lead cPT's pharmacophore to improve the potency against HIV-1 infection. Four boronic compounds were selected to modify the peptide thiophene group, to gain information about the peptide structure sensitivity and to test potency enhancement. Derivatives were designed and synthesized via microwave assisted solid phase peptide synthesis, purified using RP-HPLC system, and their binding activities was measured via SPR. The infection inhibition property was measure as well to be compared to values predicted by a QSAR model. Despite the synthetic challenges, four new cPTs were generated and all are active in binding to HIV-1 gp120 Env, one showed an excellent binding activity compared to the preceding generation.
Traveling Front Solution Stability in a Lateral Inhibition Network in the Neural Field Model
Authors:   , Macaluso Dominick John , Guo Yixin
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we derive the stability for Traveling Front Solutions of the Neural Field Model first presented by Amari. We proceed by using the method of linearization and finding equivalent ODE's for our eigenvalue integrodifferential equation using a differentiation approach. We then convert the ODE's for above and below threshold solutions into systems of first order ODE's in order to find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of our equations. Finally, we compute the Evan's function for our systems and use a numerical analysis approach to determine the stability of the traveling front solutions. We do this in three settings for the stability eigenvalues, one for [gamma] [is an element of] R, one for [gamma] [is an element of] C with complex-valued Evans function, and one for [gamma] [is an element of] C with a real-valued Evans function that is an equivalent system to the complex-valued Evans function.
Editorial: Education & TV. Histories of a Vision
Authors: Barber Sian , Caoduro Elena , Knörr Kai
Published: August 2022

The articles included in this issue take into consideration the relationship between television and education in its broadest sense, offering historical studies of television programming, national policies, audience attitudes and evolving socio-political contexts. It includes case studies of different broadcasters, specific educational programming initiatives, government or state education policy delivered through the television medium, the intersections between broadcast programmes and what is retained in television archives. They cover Turkey, Germany, Italy, the UK, and Finland and map the period from the 1960s to the present day. All of this material helps situate educational provision on television within broader histories of both television as a form and education as an overarching idea or objective.
Znikoma społeczna szkodliwość posiadania broni i amunicji. Glosa do wyroku Sądu Najwyższego z dnia 8 czerwca 2021, sygn. V kk 131/20
Authors: Wardak Zbigniew
Published: August 2022

Opracowanie stanowi glosę do wyroku Sądu Najwyższego z dnia 8 czerwca 2021 r. sygn. V KK 131/20. W wyroku tym Sąd Najwyższy stwierdził, że w sytuacji, kiedy czyn sprawcy polegał na przewożeniu broni palnej na polecenie pracodawcy i pod jego nadzorem, przez osobę nie posiadającą pozwolenia na broń, jest społecznie szkodliwe w stopniu znikomym. Autor, podzielając stanowisko Sądu Najwyższego odnośnie znikomej społecznej szkodliwości czynu, zwraca uwagę, iż w takiej sytuacji nie mieliśmy do czynienia z posiadaniem broni palnej, która nadal była w posiadaniu pracodawcy.
Demanda hídrica e crescimento de feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) sob doses de esterco ovino
Authors: Borborema Lucyelly Dâmela Araújo , Ferraz Rener Luciano de Souza , Costa Patrícia da Silva , Gonzaga Giordano Bruno Medeiros , Medeiros Aldair de Souza
Published: August 2022

The Brazilian semi-arid region has water restrictions, which justifies the cultivation of cowpea associated with sustainable soil management practices. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the water demand and growth of cowpea under doses of sheep manure in the Cariri region of Paraíba. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Soledade, Paraíba, using a completely randomized design, testing six doses of sheep manure (D1 = 0%, D2 = 5%, D3 = 10%, D4 = 15%, D5 = 20% and D6 = 25%, m/m) and 4 repetitions, totaling 24 experimental units. Water demand was determined during cultivation and at 10 and 22 days after sowing, the length of the main branch was measured, the leaf area estimated and the root, shoot and total dry mass determined. It was verified that doses of sheep manure increase the water demand and the growth of cowpea in the Cariri region of Paraíba, being recommended the application of a dose of 13.51±1.98% of sheep manure.
Application of Biotechnology for the Production of New Food Preservations
Authors: Aly Soher El-Sayed , Emam Neven Abdelrahman
Published: August 2022

The presence of pathogenic fungi has been a global concern has economical affects. Recently prevent the fungal growth using biological control using halal source become an important strategy for limiting mycotoxigenic fungi. Therefore the aim of this study that the use of some LAB bacteria and screen their antimicrobial activity against pathogenic fungi. Halal bacteria extracts were studied for the antimicrobial activity. The results indicated that two isolates were identified. Meanwhile a total of 90 fungal isolates were isolated from halal food samples. Aspergillus was the dominant fungi (65%) in five species namely, parasiticus, flavus ochraceus, terreus, and niger. Fusarium (clomorum and graminerum) and Penicillium were in lower frequency. Halal bacterial extracts were reduced the mycelium dry weight of all tested fungi and showed clear zone inhibition. Molecular identification of mycotoxin producing fungi was estimated. In conclusion, the study revealed the probability of using halal Enterococcus isolates in food preservation to ensure halal food safety. The partial or total sequencing of the 16s ribosomal DNA (rRNA) gene showed a fast technique used fungi classification
Halal Gelatin and its Business Opportunity in Indonesia
Authors: Nirwandar Sapta
Published: August 2022

Nowadays, halal food is not only a necessity for Indonesian and world Muslims but it has become a business and economic opportunity for everyone. As written by Dinar Standard in the 2019-2020 Global Islamic Economic Report, that the amount of expenditure on halal food for the Muslim world in 2018 was US 1.37 Trillion and is expected to increase to US 1.97 Trillion in 2024. With an average growth of 6.3% (CAGR). This is not only due to the growth of the Muslim population in the world which currently reaches 1.8 billion people, but also the growth of GDP and income per capita and plus middle-class Muslims in Muslim-majority countries. Gelatin is one of the important ingredients in halal industry. Its application is very wide, raging from food, cosmetics, personal care and pharmaceuticals. This paper discusses the need and opportunity of gelatin production in the largest Muslim country, Indonesia.