bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF INSTITUTIONAL PROVISION OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS
Authors: Sharyi Grygorii , Obykhod Hanna , Dubіschev Viktor
Published: December 2019

The institutional system in Ukraine, which is characterized by the rule of interests of the authorities over the interests of the society, neglect of the rights of business agents, as well as the use of power for the personal benefit of officials, is investigated. At the same time, the state is the main institution for sustainable development, which should determine the priority economic, social and environmental activities. Responsible institutions are obliged to develop the necessary mechanisms to ensure sustainability, strengthen positions in the areas of human capital development and improve the quality of life. New governance tools and mechanisms will facilitate the involvement of the private sector in the implementation of sustainable development principles through renewed relationships between business entities based on equal partnership and the use of mechanisms to ensure the harmonization of business interests in achieving social, economic and environmental sustainability.
Irrationality, disproportionality, complexity of administrative-territorial entities of the united territorial communities were taken into account in this article. Ways of executive power institutionalization, development of territories in accordance with requirements of institutionalism, and its role and place in administrative-territorial reform were determined. It is argued that the only institutional set of society is an institutional matrix. Institutional matrix of society is presented as a stable triad of basic elements – macro-institutions that integrate and stabilize society: economy, politics, and culture. And the modernization of the system of public administration institutions, decentralization of powers to the level of united territorial communities should form a stable system of sustainable development of the territory and a safe socio-ecological and economic environment.
GRAPHOANALYTICAL METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE COST ESTIMATION OF MINERAL DEPOSITS
Authors: Matyukha Vоlоdуmуr
Published: December 2019

The importance of cost estimation of mineral resources in modern economic theory is noted in the article. It is noted that all currently existing methodical and methodological approaches to the valuation of minerals by their economic nature are in fact an analysis of the economic feasibility of realization of investment projects for the development of deposits, which actually answers the question: is the investment project for the development of the field economically viable. Based on the analysis of literary sources, it is established that at the present stage of development of the world economy, the interest in the economic evaluation of the efficiency of development of mineral resources is not waning. However, methodological approaches are different and there is still no unity in them. Experts point out that the current methods require improvement due to the low accuracy of calculations, since the size of the cost estimate depends on the amount of rental payments for the use of mineral resources in mining and the starting price of the sale of a special permit for the development of deposits at auction.
For the first time in the economic theory economics, a graphoanalytic method for the cost estimation of mineral deposits has been proposed. The features of this methodological approach based on integral calculus, including the integration of continuous functions, as well as the method of discounting cash flows with simultaneous consideration of the life cycle scheme of deposits, namely mining and geological conditions of mining are opened. The step-by-step sequence of realization of the proposed method is resulted. It is stated that this approach will allow to obtain a more exact cost estimate of a deposit or subsoil by taking into account the following factors: the life of the deposit, the market conditions of the mineral resources, capital and current expenses connected with extraction of minerals and costs of the subsoil user in the post-mining a period of time related to the closure of mines and quarries and the reclamation of disturbed lands formed during the extraction of minerals.
IMPROVING OF THE CATEGORY-TERMINOLOGICAL APPARATUS OF THE LAND USE INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT IN UKRAINE
Authors: Behal Ivan
Published: December 2019

In the process of decentralization of power, where land management powers are transferred to the community, it is an important issue to establish perfect institutional support and a transparent mechanism for managing land resources. There are several aspects in the management system, but the most important of them is the organizational one, as it should reveal the functionality and parameters of the spatial entities on which the corresponding management decisions are based.
In Ukraine, an interdepartmental approach to the land management system leads to the formation of different characteristics of a single land plot that require further consistency between different institutions on the legislative and regulatory basis. In order to improve institutional interaction, the essential features and peculiarities of the concepts that underpin the organizational mechanism for managing land resources were investigated, namely, the "main purpose of land"; "Purpose of land plots"; "Functional land use" and "functional purpose of the territory".
The article presents the scheme of influence of the organizational mechanism on the distribution and use of land resources. The table of application of the concepts of "purpose of land plots" and "functional purpose of territory" was also compared.
To solve the main problem, it was proposed to use a single terminology in town planning and land management documentation where the basic categories should be "land" and "land"; attention is paid to the need to develop a common law on land management and urban planning of the Law of Ukraine on land planning and construction and their rational use; a measure to improve the land code and land cadastre was proposed.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM OF IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Ryzhova Kateryna , Mytrofanova Olga
Published: December 2019

The necessity of a fundamentally new approach to the formation of a water management system and state regulation of water use has been proved in order to achieve sustainable water use parameters in the agricultural sector of the economy. The principles of integrated water management in irrigated agriculture are defined. It is shown that the formation of the model of integrated management in the water management and reclamation complex requires the introduction of organizational and economic innovations, changes in the institutional environment, transformations in the organizational structure of agricultural enterprises and public authorities. The essence of transformations of the irrigated agriculture management system is disclosed, which involves the transfer of irrigation systems management from state structures to non-governmental organizations. In this case, the transfer of powers and responsibilities from state structures to non-governmental organizations can be carried out with the transition stage of joint management, which is the most rational in the current conditions. Found that the formation of effective management system is impossible without institutionalization of a wide spectrum of forms of partnership relations between different objects of functioning. It is shown that the reforming of irrigation systems management should be carried out on the basis of decentralization with the transfer of water management and water operations to water, this will ensure that water resources and irrigation system infrastructure are managed effectively at the lowest level. The basic directions of improvement of the economic mechanism of development of reclamation are offered.
FORMATION OF THE SYSTEM OF SUSTAINABLE USE OF WATER RESOURCES IN INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
Authors: Cherednichenko Iuliia
Published: December 2019

The triad of value-oriented dominants of development, formation, and practical implementation into the economy, as well as further development in the resource limitations of the five-dimensional spatial system of natural resources assets management system in Ukraine were defined and described. They were disclosed according to three areas of generation of multi-component capacities for rationalization of spatial management, which are delineated according to constitutive and key properties of management of the natural and economic space of the state, its regions, and separate territories. Grouping and delineation were carried out in the directions which: are caused by the structure and target and specific functions of the system; form the capacity of a complex system for self-preservation; characterize the behavioural tactic and strategy of a spatial system for achievement of the objective and resolving the target tasks in the field of rationalization of the state’s natural resources assets management.
A set of model solutions was worked out and justified for calculation of the basic indices of its operation, namely: the relative organization of the spatial system architecture, structural and functional organization of its parameters, degree of uncertainty of the condition of a multi-dimensional management system, reliability of its operation as capacities for failure-free operation in various conditions of functioning, capacity of the spatial system and its five subsystems for self-preservation.
It was proved and confirmed that building up a new format of a spatial system of natural resources assets management with simultaneous incorporation of the provisions of the systemic, synergetic, structural and informational, and platform theoretical approaches protects rationalization of development and usage of the existing strategic potential of Ukraine and its regions based on the consequences of achievement of sustainable economy with resource limitations, accompanied with constant growth of socio-political threats and risks.
FACTORS OF IMPACT ON RURAL GREEN TOURISM DEVELOPMENT AS A SMALL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN UKRAINE
Authors: Kupriianchik Iryna , Dorosh Аndriy , Saliuta Viktoriia
Published: December 2019

It is established that the majority of economic entities in the agricultural sector (agroholdings) assign a significant share of land rent through the activities of corporate structures, which negatively affects the development of rural communities. There are no priorities for rural development and in the mid-term government's actions plan until 2020. Against this background, the need to introduce various forms of entrepreneurial activity (small and medium-sized businesses), among which rural green tourism occupies a prominent place, as Ukraine has significant tourism potential (natural, cultural, ethnic), has been proven. However, there is a nationwide problem for the provision of tourist services in rural communities due to the lack of planning strategies, adequate infrastructure, tourist resources and accessibility to them, the availability of people for marketing activities and the interpretation of historical and cultural assets. Some steps have been taken by the government to improve infrastructure development (subsidies from the state budget are allocated to local budgets and allocated between 806 united territorial communities in the amount of UAH 2.1 billion). The proposed article focuses on the factors influencing the development of rural green tourism as a micro-business that will help solve the socio-economic problems of the modern village. The above factors are systematized, presented in a structural and logical scheme and divided into: incentive, restraint, potential and specific. It is also established that the provision of rural green tourism services as a small business in rural communities is identified at the legislative level, as it is proved that this is the most convenient way to start a business without significant investment. The importance of the tourist tax payments, which have now increased by more than 20% and amount to 4.2 billion UAH, is emphasized as they should be directed exclusively to the development of rural green tourism. In this context, the records of tourists should be kept in order to evaluate the tourist flows in the community.
SOCIAL SAFETY – THE DOMINANT OF NAIONAL INTERSTS IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSUTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (CONCEPTUAL APPROACH)
Authors: Kutsenko Vira , Garashchuk Olena , Topchiy Oleksiy
Published: December 2019

The article notes that humanity has realized the need for changes in the social paradigm, in particular in the context of the transition to sustainable development. In this regard, the theoretical and methodological aspects of social safety in the context of sustainable development are investigated; reveals the essence of the category "social safety" and its components. It is emphasized that social safety, which covers all spheres of human life – social, economic, environmental and guarantees the safety of society from various types of threats. The most important factors affecting the provision of social safety are also considered, the leading place among which is occupied by those that are of a socio-economic nature. These factors ensure the avoidance of social deformations and imbalances in human life, the infringement of his vital interests.
An assessment is made of the situation in Ukraine regarding social safety, and in this regard, possible threats are identified. Among these threats, it is especially noted that Ukraine stands out for its low birth rates and a high mortality rate, that is, it has a significant excess of mortality over fertility. An important statement is that the formation of social safety is not only the overcoming of existing problems and threats, but, above all, the formation of tools to prevent and protect society from their onset. Considerable attention is paid to the substantiation of approaches to the formation in our country of conditions for ensuring social safety, taking into account the principles of sustainable development of human civilization and its scientifically sound balance. Among these principles are noted – the acquisition of new knowledge by employees; priority development of the social sphere; implementation of an active regulatory policy of the state to ensure social guarantees, which should take into account the concentration of state resources on the satisfaction of priority social interests; creating an effective mechanism for achieving social safety. All this should contribute to sustainable socio-economic development.
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AS THE MECHANISM OF THE RURAL TERRITORIES’ DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Ilina Mariia , Shpyliova Yulia
Published: December 2019

Public-private partnership is the instrument of cooperation between state and business. It has many forms and functions but the only purpose to improve welfare of the territories. In relations between state and business the partnership can play dominant, subsidiary or supervisory role, regulate the institutional mechanism of financial cooperation, develop strategies, solve conflicts and provide social, communal and infrastructure services.
Currently implementation of the public-private partnership mechanism in Ukraine is complicated because of shortcomings and gaps in legislation, deficit of different levels budgets, institutional inability of local governments to plan and implement partnership projects and low efficiency of economic activity of business entities. Concerning implementation of the mechanism on rural areas it should be substantially enhanced at the national level for many reasons. Firstly economic situation in most rural areas in Ukraine is depressed and community budgets lack funds. It proves the necessity to intensify economic cooperation and introduce other forms of cooperation. On the other hand, many negative socio-demographic trends (migration, depopulation, social exclusion and marginalization) are inherent in rural areas. It makes difficult for local governments to cooperate with communities members. Capability of the state to support partnerships is also complicated major because of underdeveloped organizational and economic support mechanism. Lack of annual plans to finance partnership projects, funds, technical support to implement projects, and no ways to get state guarantees are the evidence.
Taking into account rural territories have no much capacity for development, the mechanism of public-private partnership should include the following key steps: identifying priority areas for PPP application, considering socio-economic potential of different types of the territories and social relevance of a project for a community; improving the qualification level of project management personnel; involvement of the private sector into infrastructural projects; state support for pilot projects; ensuring more transparency in decision making and use of budget resources and simplifying project selection requirements. Implementation of the PPP mechanism on rural areas will improve their infrastructure and satisfy social needs of residents. In order to improve the mechanism of state support for the implementation of PPP projects at the local level it is needed to establish a national specialized agency, define clearly powers of the state authorities, local self-government authorities and members of communities involved into PPP implementation. The other task is to create an informational framework.
The purpose of the article is to substantiate how the public-private partnership’s mechanism can work on rural areas.
MODEL FOR TRANSFORMATION OF THE LABOUR MIGRANS COSTS INTO A MECHANISM FOR ENSURING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNITIES
Authors: Khymynets Volodymyr , Tsimbolynes Ganna
Published: December 2019

This scientific paper is devoted to developing ways and models of converting the laboк migrants cost into the internal investment resources of United Territorial Communities, taking into account their new functions and powers.
The article analyzes current data on the main aspects of Ukraine's international labor migration, namely: the number of migrants, their main employment areas, the largest recipient countries of labor migrants and donor regions, the amount of remittances and savings of migrants.
In Ukraine, 882 United Territorial Communities have already been formed, which have received considerable authority from developing a development strategy to landscaping, approving a budget, setting local taxes and fees, defining social and cultural development. Considering the results of the research on the amount of cash flows, the availability of savings and the desire of many migrant workers to return to Ukraine, it can be argued that they have a huge potential to become one of the largest domestic investors of the United Territorial Communities. Therefore, migrants have resources, and UTCs have considerable authority to attract these resources.
The authors present a scheme for forming an investment cluster of united territorial communities, the basis of which is the process of interaction between community leadership, academics and experts of higher education institutions, administrative services centers and migrant workers as potential domestic investors.
The implementation and effective functioning of this model will create incentives for migrants to return and benefit from productive usage of their resources, as they will be able to earn enough income to keep families and create jobs for other residents. The community, in turn, will benefit from new tax revenues and other payments, the development of human potential and the formation of a positive image of the territory as a successful business environment.
A PLATFORM APPROACH TO THE IDENTIFICATION THE CYCLES OF INTERACTION IN THE FOREST SECTOR'S POLY-SUBJECTIVE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Sakal Oksana , Tretiak Nataliia
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the study of the essential features of the systemic interaction platform of forest resource and market cycles of development. In order to identify the structure and functions of such a platform, it is proposed to use the concept of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. The systemic characteristics of the formation of the interaction platform of forest resource and market cycles of development, and, accordingly, and the functions of such a platform, are determined by an integrated set of factors of both economic, social and environmental content. At the same time, environmental factors are the most important and the least manageable, since they are governed by the laws of the principle of limiting factors.
We define the forest resource development cycle as the transformation of social relations in the use, protection and reproduction of forest resources in accordance with socio-economic conditions and forest resource restrictions, which are caused by the laws of the limiting factors principle, in a certain period of social development.
The adapted conceptual structure of the platform of forest resource and market cycles of development encompasses six interrelated elements that make up the socio-ecological and economic system, which operate on different scales in time and space, which collectively represents the unity of forest resource and market cycles.
Among the functions of the systemic interaction platform of forest resource and market cycles of development at the national level are the following: involvement of all stakeholders; coordination; providing tools and services; defining rules and standards.
At the same time, the main function of the platform is to provide the prerequisites for the ecologically balanced production of economic benefits as a result and resources of forestry, logging and to some extent forest processing activities by directing the processes of subsystem management of such activities to create and further functioning sustainable economic systems (or their complexes) within the overall structural model system economy.
THE GENESIS OF THE CONCEPT OF URBAN-RURAL TERRITORY AND ITS ESSENTIAL DIMENSION
Authors: Boiko Volodymyr
Published: December 2019

The article deals with theoretical issues of development of urban areas. Usually, urban-rural territory is defined as an idea and phenomenon, which expresses the rejection of the antinomy of the city and the village, their too rigid "physical", or landscape and social distribution. So, the city, the countryside and the space between them are considered as one. It should be noted that strong links of different nature - economic, social, political, cultural, recreational, etc. - are formed between the city and the village. In powerful urban-rural formations exist peripheral suburbs, which allows to combine urban life with rural. Urban-rural territory is a space consisting of several components, namely a large city, smaller cities or towns, villages and their environment. It is considered that the transition from the city center to the province occurs through the middle link - the periphery. The most important driving force behind urban-rural areas is the increase due to population migration to cities and vice versa. This is explained by finding opportunities to meet their own needs. In this context, it should be noted that migrations, especially if they are permanent, are determined by the intensity of the urban-rural connections. They are a consequence of the logistics process. Logistic level can be estimated by agglomerative links. So, urban-rural area is not only a system consisting of geographical space and settlements. At first, it is a system of connections that create a supportive framework of interaction between settlements in time and space, which is determined by various factors such as migration, economic balance, financial flows, environment and more.
REGULATION OF THE ECOSYSTEM ASSESMENT METHODS OF THE LOSSES CAUSED BY THE NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY AT THE LOCAL LEVEL
Authors: Patoka Iryna
Published: December 2019

The process of improving the mechanisms of environmental policy at the local level to ensure the sustainable development of territorial communities requires the use of new tools. Among them the ecosystem assessment of losses from negative consequences of management is relevant.
The purpose of the article is development of the methodical approaches as to the ecosystem assessment of the losses resulting from the negative consequences of the local management.
Considered are the main principal bases of the ecosystem approach concept. It is ascertained that the ecosystem approach to analysis of the losses from negative consequences of the local management demands formation of their assessment effective mechanisms since basing on the ecosystem losses economic assessment it is possible to take into account both the ecosystem market value and to ascertain actual situation as to the financial income from its use. The structure is proposed of the ecosystem assessment of the losses from the negative local management that defines the process trends and components aimed at analysis of the territory investment attractiveness. Classification is developed of the methodological approaches to the ecosystem determination of the caused and prevented losses from negative consequences of the local management. An analysis is made of the approaches in terms of the advantages and problems of utilization which is essential for the territory ecosystem management and economic regulation of the balanced nature management. It is ascertained that ecosystem assessment of the losses from management negative consequences is an integral characteristics of the disordered local management to be taken into account while developing the appropriate compensation mechanisms for local budget restocking under management system decetralization. From this viewpoint, important is further development and implementation of the effective methodical approaches to asssessment of the losses from management negative consequences as to creation of the territory investment attractiveness at the expense of using the local nature resources as environmental assets of sustainable space development.
ANALISA KETAHANAN AUS BESI COR EN-JN2019 DENGAN METODE FACTORIAL DESIGN TERHADAP UNSUR PADUAN DAN LAJU PENDINGINAN
Authors: Hanaldi Kus
Published: December 2019

Salah satu material yang dapat digunakan pada kondisi lingkungan abrasif adalah white cast irons atau abrasion-resistant cast iron. EN-JN2019 adalah salah satu jenis besi cor yang dapat digunakan pada kondisi ini. Pada besi cor  ini terkandung unsur karbon, silikon, mangan, dan chromium. Analisa ketahanan aus material ini telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan factorial design terhadap dua kombinasi kandungan chromium (1% dan 2%), dua kombinasi kandungan silikon (1% dan 1,5%) dan dua kombinasi ketebalan sampel (5mm dan 30mm). Ketebalan sampel merupakan representasi dari laju pendinginan. Kajian terhadap kekerasan, struktur mikro, uji impact dan uji aus dari delapan sampel yang dihasilkan dari proses pengecoran telah dilaksanakan pula. Hasil pengujian kekerasan menunjukkan bahwa kekerasan menurun dengan meningkatnya ketebalan dan disertai dengan perubahan struktur mikro sebagai hasil dari laju pendinginan yang semakin lambat. Penambahan kandungan chromium meningkatkan kekerasan karena adanya pembentukan karbida. Penambahan kandungan silikon menurunkan kekerasan akibat pembentukan grafit yang lebih mudah. Pengaruh kandungan chromium dan silikon terhadap kekerasan memiliki ketergantungan  satu  dengan  lainnya,  karena  penambahan  silikon  menekan  pertumbuhan  karbida.  Dari  hasil pengujian impact didapatkan hasil, pada semua variasi chromium, silikon dan ketebalan tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap harga impact. Sedangkan dari hasil pengujian keausan  didapatkan bahwa kekerasan  berbanding lurus dengan nilai wear resistant, semakin tinggi kekerasan maka nilai wear resistant akan semakin meningkat.Kata kunci: ketahanan aus, EN-JN2019, kandungan chromium, kandungan silikon, laju pendinginan, factorial design, pembentukan karbida.
Experimental, Clinical and Morphological Analysis of H-Ras Oncoproteins for Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhumakayeva A. M. , Rakhimov K. D. , Omarova I. M. , Arystan L. I. , Adekenov S. M.
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: Activated forms of Ras are enhanced in both breast cancer as well as the cell lines with EGFR and HER2 expression. Therefore, H-Ras could be activated in breast tumours in the absence of direct mutational activation of Ras itself and could contribute to 20-50% of the cases. Expression inhibition, signal transduction interruption from H-Ras to the nucleus could become a promising therapeutic target.
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and morphological criteria of locally advanced breast cancer and the expression of H-Ras oncoprotein in patients who have been subjected to different regimens of farnesyltransferase inhibitor.
METHODS: H-Ras status was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC).
RESULTS: An association between the expressions of H-Ras and Her2/neu (p = 0.001) as well as the tumour proliferation index Ki-67 (p = 0.001) in patients with breast cancer was established. Analysis of the relationship between H-Ras expression showed a relatively strong association with progression-free survival both before the treatment (V = 0.47; p = 0.001) and after the treatment (V = 0.45; p = 0.001). These results may indicate the clinical applicability of H-Ras as a prognostic factor or serve as a therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment.
CONCLUSION: These results could indicate the potential clinical application of H-Ras as a prognostic factor or a therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment.
Medication Errors and Their Relationship with Care Complexity and Work Dynamics
Authors: Sabzi Zahra , Mohammadi Reza , Talebi Razieh , Roshandel Gholam Reza
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: Medication errors are currently known as the most common medical errors. Research shows that work environment and organisation management, in addition to the role of nurses, contribute to the occurrence of an error.
AIM: Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the rate of nursesâ€™ medication errors and its relation to the care complexity and work dynamics in the Taleghani Pediatric Hospital of Gorgan in 2017.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional study. Sampling was done through census method (N = 100). The data collection tools consisted of four questionnaires of demographic information, Salyer work dynamics, Medication Administration Errors, and Velasquez Nursing Care Complexity. Data were analysed in SPSS V.16 software using descriptive and inferential statistical methods including independent t-test and Pearsonâ€™s correlation.
RESULTS: Medication calculation errors, wrong dose and wrong medication were the most common non-injectable medication errors, respectively. Drug incompatibility, wrong infusion rate and medication calculation errors were the most common injectable medication errors, respectively. There was a positive correlation between medication calculation errors (P = 0.02, r = 0.23), wrong solvent (P = 0.04, r = 0.21), and drug incompatibility (P = 0.01, r = 0.25) with amount of work dynamics. Also, there was a positive correlation between medication calculation errors (P = 0.03, r = 0.22) and wrong medication (P = 0.00, r = 0.31) with the nursing care complexity.
CONCLUSION: Regarding the irrefutable impact of working conditions on the occurrence of errors, it appears that the study and complete recognition of nursesâ€™ working conditions and their adjustment would lead to a reduction in medication errors.
Are Histopathological Changes of H. pylori Infection in Young Dyspeptic Patients Necessitate Endoscopy?
Authors: Mohammed Al-Sabbagh Wafaa Redha , Yahya Alaa Qasim , Alsafi Rasha Abdelraouf
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori is an important gastrointestinal infective bacteria with many serious complications including gastric erosions and ulceration, duodenal ulcer, gastric carcinoma and MALT gastric lymphoma. The gastric biopsy is commonly performed in H. pylori-positive dyspeptic individuals, and many previous researchers studied the histopathological features of infected gastric biopsies however little previous studies focused on the histopathological findings in young population in comparison to the older one.
AIM: To make a focus on the histopathological effects of H. pylori infection in young patients compared with the older one and predicts the need for endoscopy in this population, also to estimates the prevalence of infection in Iraqi patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: the sample for this study is 180 patients in total, they attended Marjan medical city in Iraq for dyspepsia of more than 3 months and prepared for OGD. Patients asked for their permission to do immunological tests for H. pylori. Both serology for H. pylori antibodies and stool for antigen tests are used, and the case is included in the study only if both tests were positive, after OGD, the gastric biopsies are processed and examined histopathologically.
RESULTS: Normal gastric biopsy is the most common histopathological finding in young (< 25 years) patients (75%) while chronic atrophic gastritis is the most common one in patients > 25 years age (57%). The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in dyspeptic patients was 73.3%, the correlation between infection and sex was insignificant (p-value 0.06), and no significant correlation between infection and age (p-value 0.07) was concluded.
CONCLUSION: H. pylori-related histopathological changes of gastric mucosa in young (< 25 years) are commonly mild and does not necessitate endoscopy at this age unless there are alarming signs.
Victims of Physical Violence Have a Higher Risk to Be Perpetrators: A Study in High School Students Population
Authors: Kurniawan Lely Setyawati , Aryani Luh Nyoman Alit , Chandra Grace Noviana , Mahadewa Tjokorda Gde Bagus , Ryalino Christopher
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: Violence experienced by a person can trigger mental disorders. It was reported that 1 in 4 children in the world had experienced severe and sustained physical violence. The form of violence varies from various bullying actions that seem mild, to deadly physical violence.
AIM: This study aimed to see the association between the victim and perpetrator of violence in high school students.
METHODS: A Hundred and Forty-Four high school students were chosen by stratified random sampling. They were assessed using Hurt, Insulted, threatened with harm, and Screamed (HITS) assessment tool. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis were used in this analysis, along with a cross-tabulation table.
RESULTS: Out of the 144 subjects, 66 (45.8%) admitted that they experienced violence in different gradations. A total of 34 (47.2%) respondents revealed that the perpetrators of the most frequent acts of violence were either one or both of their parents. The odds ratio (OR) of the subjects who experienced violence to commit violence is 3.571 (Confidence Interval (CI) 95% = 1.792-7.120).
CONCLUSION: More than 60% of high school students who experienced acts of violence turned out to experience more than one type of violence. The most frequent perpetrators of violence are the parents (47.2%), followed by friends and siblings. Those who experienced violent acts are 3.5 times more likely to become a perpetrator of violence.
Piloter le développement durable dans l’université : une expérience de construction d’un tableau de bord de la RSU
Authors: Ory Jean-Francis
Published: December 2019

Cet article présente le cas d’une université ayant eu recours à une recherche-intervention pour développer un outil de pilotage et de mesure de la performance de sa mission développement durable. Un modèle méthodologique prenant appui sur la participation des parties prenantes et le découplage pro-actif des dimensions de la performance permet la finalisation du tableau de bord stratégique de la responsabilité sociale de l’université (RSU).
Être ou ne pas être une smart city : une étude empirique des innovations valorisées sur le site web des villes
Authors: Côme Thierry , Magne Stéphane , Steyer Alexandre
Published: December 2019

La dimension « innovation » des grandes villes françaises est aujourd’hui largement mise en avant mais qu’en est-il réellement dans la constitution de leurs discours sur leurs sites web ? En quoi ce discours sur l’innovation peut-il affecter leur identité de « marque-ville » ? Pour explorer ce phénomène, le corpus étudié portera sur l’ensemble des mots des sites web des 18 villes françaises de plus de 150 000 habitants. Une comparaison par les méthodes du smart data sera effectuée entre les villes qui sont classées comme «  smart city  » (selon le classement de Vienne) et celles qui n’y figurent pas. Les résultats montrent que les villes ont intérêt à communiquer sur une innovation concrète et proche des citoyens pour développer leur image de smart city . À l’inverse, communiquer sur une innovation conceptuelle et future ne permet pas d’être «  smart  ».
Первые интегралы и асимптотические траектории
Authors: Kozlov Valery Vasil'evich
Published: December 2019

Обсуждаются связи между особыми точками автономных систем дифференциальных уравнений и критическими точками их первых интегралов. С помощью известной леммы о расщеплении вводятся локальные координаты, в которых первый интеграл имеет "канонический" вид. Эти координаты позволяют ввести в окрестности особой точки квазиоднородную структуру и доказать общие теоремы о наличии асимптотических траекторий, входящих в особую точку или выходящих из нее. Исследованы квазиоднородные укорочения исходной системы дифференциальных уравнений. Показано, что при условии изолированности особой точки квазиоднородная система будет гамильтоновой. Установлена теорема о неустойчивости равновесий общих механических систем с двумя степенями свободы, когда потенциальная энергия в положении равновесия не имеет ни максимума, ни минимума.
Библиография: 21 название.
Planter to distribute seeds in four-row beds and harvest rainwater
Authors:   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Garibaldi-Márquez Francisco , Martínez-Reyes Ernesto ,   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, García-Hernández Raúl Vidal ,   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Galindo-Reyes Manuel Antonio ,   Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Planting bean and corn in multi-row beds, complemented with rainwater harvesting, has increased grain and dry matter yields. Objective: To design and evaluate a planter to distribute seeds in four-row beds. Methodology: The planter was created based on the design phases of mechanical engineering. Once built, the seed metering and fertilizer system was evaluated on a test bench. The first one was conducted under three conditions and ten operating speeds with bean and corn. The second one was performed under an operating condition with granulated urea. Subsequently, the planter was evaluated in agricultural soil with both species of seed and four forward speeds, and the horizontal distribution of the plants, planting depth and volume of the dikes formed in the soil were determined. Results: On the test bench, it was found that the number of seeds per linear meter of bean and corn was reduced in all three test conditions. In the field, it was observed that the variables evaluated were affected by the operating speed. Study limitations: The planter was only evaluated with corn grains and bean at a maximum speed of 7.5 km∙h-1 on a test bench and at 7 km∙h-1 in the field. Originality: The planter allows seeding four-row beds and, at the same time, forming dikes in the soil to store rainwater. Conclusions: The planter is a viable option to mechanize the corn and bean planting system in four-row beds, for irrigation and rainfed conditions.
Characteristic curve at the inlet of a culvert-type hydraulic model
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Arellano-Choca Roberto , Carrillo-García Mauricio ,   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Ruiz-García Agustín ,   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Navarro-Gómez Humberto Iván ,   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Vázquez-Peña Mario Alberto ,   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Due to the hypotheses set out in the equations for the design of hydraulic structures, the flow does not follow a real behavior; therefore, it is necessary to build physical and numerical models to obtain adequate results. Objective: To obtain the characteristic curve of the real behavior of the transition zone of a culvert with inlet control, as well as the mathematical models of the hydraulic operation. Methodology: The experiment was carried out in a physical model built and instrumented with two sensors: an HC-SR04 for measuring the water level and an FS400a for the discharge. The inlet discharge was varied with a gate valve to obtain the characteristic curve. By means of least-squares fitting, the mathematical models for the weir, transition, orifice and overall operation zones were obtained. Results: The characteristic curve of the system was fitted to a third degree polynomial. The global model Q = f(H) ranged from 0.066 to 0.286 m, where 25 % of the water surface heights (0.066 < H ≤ 0.117 m) behaved as a weir, 23.53 % (0.117 < H ≤ 0.165 m) as a transition zone and 51.47 % (0.165 < H ≤ 0.286 m) as an orifice, obtaining in all cases an R2 > 0.98. Study limitations: The models obtained can only be scaled in culverts with geometry similar to the physical model studied. Originality: We worked with experimental data and the weir-orifice transition model. Conclusions: The transition zone presented a curved trend, although the linear model, found in the literature, only loses 0.2 % accuracy.
Biomasa de gobernadora (Larrea tridentata) como forraje para borregos
Authors: Hernández-Baez Israel , García-López Juan C. , Espinosa-Reyes Guillermo , Lee-Rangel Héctor Aaron , Faz-Colunga Daniel Ándres , Pinos-Rodríguez Juan Manuel
Published: December 2019

La identificación del efecto de dietas integrales con la adición de biomasa del arbusto de gobernadora (Larrea tridentata) como forraje para borregos sobre el consumo de alimento, ganancia de peso, pH, protozoarios ruminales y, concentración de ooquistes de Eimeria spp. en heces, fue el objetivo de este trabajo. Se incorporó como forraje la planta completa de gobernadora en 0 (testigo), 5 y 10 % (base seca) en dietas integrales en sustitución de paja de sorgo. Las dietas fueron asignadas aleatoriamente a 21 borregos Rambouillet (22.1 ± 1.7 kg de peso vivo). El ensayo tuvo una duración de 60 días. Los borregos alimentados con 5 y 10 % de gobernadora tuvieron menor (P<0.04) consumo que el testigo. Ganancia de peso, eficiencia alimentaria y pH ruminal tienen valores con diferencias no significativas. El recuento de protozoarios ruminales y de ooquistes en heces fueron disminuidos (P<0.02) conforme se incrementó el porcentaje de gobernadora en la dieta. Por lo tanto, los resultados indican que es factible utilizar hasta el 10 % de biomasa de gobernadora en las dietas para borregos.
How Economic Globalization Changes International Investment Decisions
Authors: Pomelnikov A. G.
Published: December 2019

This paper explains the need and development of new economic models to evaluate the possible outcomes of foreign investment. I consider the importance of foreign investment to emerging economies in a global economy, the effectiveness of traditional economic theory to accurately identify and quantify non-financial factors that affect investment outcomes, and the appearance of new economic models to more accurately reflect the complexity of foreign investment.Following an extensive review of publicly available data, I find that capital flows to emerging economies is less than capital flows from developing countries, thereby producing a net loss of productive capacity. I conclude that, despite the use of new economic models, the level of global foreign investments by investor nations will continue to decline over the medium term due to a rise in anti-trade rules and regulations to retain capital and secure domestic employment within the borders of the industrialized investing nations.
Focussing on Decoding Contractions in English Sentences to Inform ESL Educational Practice
Authors: Bryant Dennis Michael
Published: December 2019

The thesis presented herein is that English is obsessive towards some of its character-set, and this is evident with the grammatical use of letters D, S, M, R, L and V. It is expected that critical investigation of this obsession will inform Educational Practice – especially Teaching and Curricula – and this could enable increased success for ESL student cognizance of grammatical associations, thereby supplanting the need for rote-learning, to some degree. This is not to say that teachers must become concerned necessarily with grammar research at a macro-level – and accordingly this paper concerns itself with informing the readership on micro-level grammar. This goal is to be achieved through a method of providing a suite of examples, and while noting grammatical inter-relationships, also acknowledging that the examples conform to an underlying but seldom (if at all) mentioned theme of operation in English; namely, a penchant for reuse.
Local Government Capacity for Solid Waste Collection in Local Markets in Tanzania
Authors: Kinemo Stella Malangalila
Published: December 2019

Solid waste collection is one of the roles of municipal councils in Tanzania stipulated by the local government Act of 1982. This study empirically examined the capacity of Morogoro Municipal Council in collecting solid waste generated from the two market centers of Mawenzi and Manzese. The study employed case study design and mixed research approaches of qualitative and quantitative. The data collection methods were in-depth interviews and questionnaire. The data obtained in this study were subjected to interpretative and content analysis for qualitative data and descriptive statistics for quantitative data. Findings revealed that the most dominant type of waste generated in the two markets were the biodegradable wastes generated from natural products such as vegetables, fruits and food remains in general. More findings show that the process of solid waste management needed the resources of different types including financial resources, physical resources and human resources. It was found that Morogoro Municipal Council had inadequate resources to manage the amounts of the generated wastes in the two markets. To improve capacity of collecting solid waste in the two markets the study recommends increasing number of staff, vehicles and containers for waste collection, increase budget for solid waste collection and collect the waste frequently according to the accumulation of waste.