bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bidirectional Sign Language Translation System - bookstall
Authors: Alves Diogo ,   Polytechnic Institute of Porto
Published: October 2023

Currently, there is a huge difficulty in the deaf community to establish direct communication between people or to obtain information, and with the advance of technology, new methods have emerged to make their daily lives easier, a concrete case is VirtualSign. However, this technology needs to be implemented in different areas. The main objective of this project is the development of an inclusive application, to be implemented in a bookstall, where it is possible to make bidirectional translations of texts into sign language and vice versa. The creation of this application uses VirtualSign technology as a sign language recognition system, for this task a camera is used to capture movements and the respective screen to clearly present the respective information. It will serve for better integration of the deaf community. The project developed here was based on the suggestion of Professor Paula Escudeiro and in cooperation with GILT/ISEP. In summary, this project aims to develop an application for a bookstalls that allows bidirectional translations between texts and sign language. It uses VirtualSign technology for sign language recognition. The application aims to improve the integration of the deaf community.
Development of an Innovative Lattice Boltzmann Hydraulic Model for Shallow Water Flows
Authors: Padrone Jessica ,   Niccolò Cusano University
Published: October 2023

The development of an innovative Lattice Boltzmann hydraulic model for shallow water flows is presented. The model (CaLB) uses a multi relaxation time (MRT) approach and a cascaded collision operator based on central moments, different from the standard linear collision operator generally used. CaLB is considered for different purposes: reproducing the dynamics of multilayer shallow water flows and modeling large-scale urban floods. Although a variety of models allowing numerical investigation of single and multi-layer shallow water flows, based on continuum and particle approaches, have been widely discussed, there are still some computational aspects that need further investigation. The use a multilayer model (CaLB-N) allows obtaining a description of the vertical variation of hydrodynamic quantities of largescale geophysical flows and deepening the computational aspects of the density layered shallow water flows. The simulation of flood events in urban areas risk is also investigated, introducing a new porosity approach, aimed at developing technical solutions for the assessment and mitigation of flood risk. The model is validated through comparisons with experimental and numerical results from test cases available in literature, yielding very promising results.
Research Activities at the Maria Curie-Skłodowska University
Authors: Gruszecki Wiesław I. , Szczepańska Diana ,   Maria Curie-Skłodowska University,   Maria Curie-Skłodowska University
Published: October 2023

Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin (UMCS) is the largest public university in Poland, located on the eastern side of the Vistula River. This is an institution deeply rooted in the region. Since 1944 UMCS has been acting as a cultural and opinion-forming factor in the region and has made a significant contribution to building its knowledge-based economy. The scientific and research potential of the university is growing. UMCS encompasses 13 faculties, 22 research institutes and many supporting central units. Almost 3 000 employees make up the academic community of the University. More than 100 patents prove its commercialization potential. UMCS can boast of, among others, a modern Institute of Informatics, the Centre for Functional Nanomaterials at the Faculty of Chemistry and the Media and Art Incubator. Together with four research and scientific units, the Analytical and Program Centre for Advanced Environmentally Friendly Technologies ECOTECHCOMPLEX has been established, equipped with innovative laboratories and high-quality equipment, including high-field magnetic resonance scanner. UMCS also maintains active relations with foreign research centres. A significant event in 2017 was the establishment of the Polish-Chinese Research Centre Green Pharmaceuticals (green pharmacy), which is the first Polish-Chinese research institution of this type. A strong focus is put on Early Stage Researchers’ development. The University offers PhD programmes at three Doctoral Schools: the Doctoral School of Humanities, Social Sciences, and Quantitative and Natural Sciences. In 2019 the Young Researchers Council was created to comprehensively support young researchers in their scientific career development. In 2017, UMCS received the HR Excellence in Research Logo, awarded by the European Commission. It confirms that we create the best working conditions for scientists and provide transparent recruitment rules and an appropriate space for the development of science, in line with European standards.
Measuring Foot Clearance Through Video-Based Methods: A Metrological Comparison
Authors:   Niccolò Cusano University, Ceriola Luca
Published: October 2023

In health care and sports, gait analysis and the evaluation of its kinetic parameters are widely used tools. Among them, we evaluated an important parameter for the assessment of drop foot event: foot clearance. In this study, two video-based methods for estimating heel clearance were compared. In the experiment, a healthy subject walked on a treadmill at 3.6 km/h while being recorded by two RGB cameras. One was positioned sagittal to the treadmill and the other at 45°. Two video-based algorithms were used to extrapolate the 2D heel trajectories for each recording. The first algorithm uses a deep learning approach (TC-Former), and the other a passive marker approach (blob analysis). Subsequently, an algebraic triangulation was performed. A 6-camera optoelectronic system was used as the gold standard for comparing the results. TC -Former performed worse than blob analysis with a root mean square error of 32.1±13.0 mm, while blob analysis had Blob Analysis showed a root mean square error of 20.1±6.1 mm. In all gait cycles, the mean and standard deviation of the maximal foot clearance was 32.1±12.8 mm for TC -Former and 20.1±13.0 mm for Blob Analysis.
Mechanical Characterization of Low-Cost Piezoresistive Fabrics for Sensors Design
Authors: Piratoni Matteo ,   University of Rome
Published: October 2023

Thanks to their intrinsic properties of stretchability, flexibility and lightweight, wearable piezoresistive sensors are remarkable devices to capture physiological parameters and joint motion monitoring. Many sensors’ designs were evaluated since the discover of piezoresistivity but repeatability and hysteresis persist to be the most crucial parameters. The aim of the study is to characterize conventional low-cost sheets of piezoresistive fabrics in terms of mechanical properties. We laser cut two types of conductive sheets (Eeontex and Velostat) in according to ASTM D882 and tested them with a tensile machine (MTS Insight Electromechanical 50 kN). Differences between two orthogonal directions of the same fabric in break stress, elongation and Young’s modulus was statistically evaluated with a t-test.
PLA Deposition on HDPE Substrates for Hybrid Additive Remanufacturing
Authors:   Niccolò Cusano University, Degrà Alessandro
Published: October 2023

Additive remanufacturing can realize the integrated repair of structures or functions, add new features, or apply to simple or complex geometries. It can significantly reduce use, maintenance, labour, and time costs. Additive remanufacturing can be used to produce discontinued replacement parts or emergency guarantee of spare parts, accelerating the green development of product life cycle. This study investigates the technological feasibility for the remanufacturing of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) components by depositing polylactic acid (PLA) through Fused Deposition Modelling3D printing technique. The resulting shear lap tensile strength was evaluated according to the ASTM D3163 standard to define the adhesive or cohesive failure. The tests were performed on as-cut smooth HDPE samples. The results showed an adhesive failure for all the samples, highlighting a poor joining between HDPE and PLA. However, the best performance of around 200 N was achieved for the joint obtained between PLA and HDPE with a dimples’ textured surface with a 1 mm diameter made by CNC machining. This finding can be addressed to the greater dimension of the texture, allowing to accommodate a greater amount of fused PLA within the texture itself.
Upgrading of Mather-type Dense Plasma Focus Machine for Advanced Plasma Dynamic Studies
Authors: Karvounis Christos ,   Hellenic Mediterranean University
Published: October 2023

The plasma focus machine is a powerful tool for studying plasma dynamics and harnessing its potential in various applications like medicine and industry. In this paper, we present an upgrade version of the Mather-type plasma focus machine, focusing on the technical characteristics. The aim of the upgrade was to improve the performance of the machine, achieving a deeper understanding of the plasma behaviour. We investigate the plasma dynamics, more specifically the plasma expansion and compression velocity, through the three operating phases (breakdown, axial and radial phase) of the Mather-type plasma focus machine. Our results show the improvements achieved through the upgrade, highlighting the enhanced capabilities and potentials for further research and applications in the field of plasma physics.
Motivational Aspects of Galician Shellfish Women Regarding their Participation in Associations
Authors: Paz Diéguez Montes María ,   University of Vigo
Published: October 2023

The associationism of shellfish women in the Ría de Pontevedra can be influenced by different factors related to the gender perspective, due to the fact that it is a highly feminised group. These factors include the shellfish gatherers' personal expectations, institutional support and the working environment. A focus group was used as a means of collecting preliminary qualitative data and content analysis was used to organise the results. The main findings reveal the importance of associationism as an essential element to promote the active participation of this collective by providing them with the power of interlocution to dialogue and negotiate with institutions, other actors and other associations. Likewise, the results suggest that institutional support and the working environment are important and necessary for the promotion of associationism, for the participation of shellfish gatherers in decision-making and the definition of policies related to their activity.
The Great Patriotic War in the Propaganda of “Komsomolskaya Pravda” and “Argumenty i Fakty” in the Years 2014-2022
Authors: Yezhova Anna ,   Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin
Published: October 2023

This work presents my doctoral project, which is currently in progress. Using the example of two Russian weekly newspapers - "Komsomolskaya Pravda" and "Arguments and Facts" - the project will provide a detailed description of the materials related to the Great Patriotic War, how they are used, to what extent, and in what ways they are used in Russian propaganda to promote and justify imperial patriotism of Russian society and the imperial policy of the Russian state.
Development of Biomimetic Systems for the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injuries
Authors: D’Andrea Alessia ,   Niccolò Cusano University
Published: October 2023

Traumatic Brain Injuries are very common and have been treated with a variety of approaches over time. In this context, skull repair has been attempted with several materials, which need to show appropriate mechanical and biomimetic properties. Among the most interesting materials for cranial implants, polymers represent a valid alternative, because of their low cost, the many manufacturing options and their easy functionalisation. In this work, we focused on poly-lactic acid implants produces by Additive Manufacturing, namely through the Fused Deposition Modelling technique, and functionalised through a bio-ceramic coating to promote bone regeneration. We also developed a Drug Delivery System in order to prevent inflammation phenomena: in particular, we engineered poly-ε-caprolactone microparticles encapsulating a glucocorticoid (dexamethasone) for a regulated drug release. This Drug Delivery System has been implemented into the implants to confer optimal characteristics to the 3D-printed prosthetics.
Exploring Parkinson’s Disease Rehabilitation: Virtual Reality-based Action Observation Therapy in Focus
Authors: Gourrame Khadija ,   University of Orléans
Published: October 2023

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurological disorder that affects motor and cognitive function. Although pharmacological and surgical treatments can help manage symptoms, non-pharmacological interventions such as rehabilitation have gained attention as a means to improve motor function and quality of life for PD patients. Virtual Reality (VR) based Action Observation Training (AOT) is an innovative rehabilitation approach that combines VR technology and the observation of movements to enhance motor learning and cognitive function. This paper provides a focused review of the literature on VRAOT in PD rehabilitation. The article discusses the rationale and potential benefits of VR-AOT, including its ability to improve gait, balance, and upper limb function, as well as cognitive domains such as attention and executive function. Additionally, the challenges and limitations of VR-AOT are highlighted. The paper concludes by emphasizing the potential of VR-AOT as a promising and complementary therapy for PD rehabilitation, but also highlighting the need for continuing-research to establish its effectiveness and broader applicability.
Optimization of an HPLC-DAD Method for Quercetin Detection
Authors:   Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Carvalho Daniel
Published: October 2023

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is one of the most used liquid chromatographic techniques owing to its versatility that allows an optimal resolution. Quercetin (QUE), a polyphenol, has received increasing attention due to its antioxidant properties. Efforts have been made to overcome the traditional poor oral bioavailability of quercetin, requiring the development of analytical techniques for quercetin detection in different matrices. The main objective of this work was the optimization of a HPLC-Diode Array Detector (DAD) method for quercetin. An optimization process was conducted to guarantee the best conditions and results. Detection and quantification were executed with a reverse phase C-18 column. Different mobile phase (MP) compositions, flow rates, and wavelengths (with DAD) were studied. Better results were achieved with a MP composition of water:acetonitrile:methanol (55:40:5), with 1.5% acetic acid at a 1.3 mL/minute flow rate, with good results regarding chromatogram resolution, and quercetin quantification and detection.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Previous Paint Layer to Slow Down Deterioration of Urban art Murals
Authors: Alonso-Villar Enrique Manuel ,   University of Vigo
Published: October 2023

The art created in public spaces is part of the cultural richness of modern society being nowadays contemporary muralism one of the most common painted manifestations of urban art. Unfortunately, these urban creations suffer serious deterioration in a very short space of time due, in some cases, to the lack of prior conditioning of the surface. In this study, the effectiveness of a previous paint layer in slowing down de deterioration of urban art paints was evaluated in two situations: a real mural (monitoring changes during 1 year) and in laboratory – by means of a UV aging test. The presence of the previous layer can modify the colour appearance of the paints, but its application had not meant a better durability after exposure.
SiOHCA: A Case Report on Strategies for Fostering Student Innovation
Authors:   University of Maribor, Miklič Rok Miklič , Petravić Luka , Burger Evgenija , Keše Urša , Kulovec Domen , Poljanšek Eva , Tomšič Gašper , Pintarič Tilen , Faria Lopes Miguel , Turnšek Ema
Published: October 2023

This report describes the effective partnership among students, academic mentors, and industry mentors in creating the SiOHCA registry for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases in Slovenia. SiOHCA project aimed to enhance clinical outcomes of OHCA patients by providing pertinent data to researchers and EMS personnel. The case report analyzes organizational strategies that led to significant advancements in a short time. The project demonstrated that motivated and empowered students can drive significant improvements, sometimes faster than larger enterprises. The project utilized remote work, digital communication tools, the University of Maribor’s network and mentorship from both academic and industry partners.
Krzysztof B. Matusiak – badacz innowacji i przedsiębiorczości
Authors: Cieślik Jerzy , Stawasz Edward
Published: October 2023

Esej przedstawia osiągnięcia naukowe Krzysztof B. Matusiaka, pracownika lnstytutu Ekonomii Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego. Krzysztof B. Matusiak otrzymał tytuł magistra w 1988 roku i w tym samym roku rozpoczął pracę na Wydziale Ekonomiczno - Socjologicznym Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego. Pracę doktorską ukończył w 1994 roku. Po uzyskaniu stopnia doktora nauk ekonomicznych, założył wraz z grupą entuzjastów Stowarzyszenie Polskich Ośrodków lnnowacji w Biznesie w celu stworzenia platformy wymiany doświadczeń. Był autorem i współautorem ponad 140 publikacji, jak również inicjatorem i redaktorem słownika „lnnowacji i transferu technologii". Słownik stał się podstawą metodologiczną w zakresie badań innowacji . W uznaniu jego osiągnięć naukowych otrzymał w 2012 profesury na Uniwersytecie w Łodzi.
The Teutonic Knights in the Southern Hungarian Kingdom: Preparation for Battle
Authors: Oța Silviu
Published: October 2023

Until now, the presence of Teutonic knights in the 15th century was analysed mainly based on historical sources. The publications to date focused on the causes of the Teutonic Order’s arrival, the results of their actions, the area they received for administration, and the fortifications they controlled. In this regard, we can mention the works of T. H. Trâpcea (1969), Alexandru Nemoianu (1975), Ioan Hațegan (1979), Eugen Glück (1992), Viorel Achim (2013 and 2014), and Costin Feneșan (2015).The information acquired from written records comes primarily from the documents found in the Teutonic Order’s archives. However, other sources also mention the Knights’ presence and activities in the Banate . These records were also used by Romanian historians to analyse the Knights’ relationship with the local population. The Teutonic Knights – namely a group of 13 Knights under the leadership of Klaus von Redwitz – arrived in Hungary in the autumn of 1429 at the request of King Sigismund of Luxembourg and withdrew from the Banate 1434 or 1435. Nineteen fortifications on the Danube and three located further north (Almăj, Ilidia/Socolari, Mehadia) were assigned to them. Two others (Carașova and Bârzava) were also in Wallachia but were not mentioned and their obligations. Archaeological excavations have been made In the last 50 years, archaeologists carried out excavation works in some fortifications previously administrated by the Teutons: at Drobeta-Turnu Severin), Tricule-Svinița, Saint Ladislau, and in auxiliary fortifications which primarily role was to supply goods and people (Carașova, Mehadia, Ilidia/Socolari). The preparations for battle with the Ottomans made by the 13 Teutonic knights and their retinues proved to be without great results. Furthermore, the amounts required by the Teutonic Knights to cover the most necessary expenses amounted to 346 140 florins per year, a sum too high for the economic capabilities of the Middle Danube region to be raised locally. The Ottoman campaigns of 1432 and 1433 led to the destruction of some fortresses and of their garrisons, including Severin and St. Ladislau. The tactics of the defenders to lock themselves in the fortresses proved to be inefficient when they had to fight with extremely mobile and numerous Ottoman armies.
‘Harce’, or Single Combat before the Battle
Authors: Szymczak Jan
Published: October 2023

Harce or harc (Hungarian: harcz; Italian: arciere; Russian: styčka/стычка) are single combat skirmishes between individual warriors fought before a battle in front of both enemy armies. Sometimes it was a duel between the commanders of the army or the best warriors delegated by the opposing sides, which would decide the outcome of the battle without it being fought. The first place on the list of knights who won fame for the Polish army belongs to the Silesian prince Boleslav I the Tall, who defeated an opponent of enormous stature during the Italian expedition of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa in 1162 near Milan. In the 13th–16th centuries in Poland, harce were popular in battles fought on an open field and during sieges of fortified structures. Both heavy knights and light cavalrymen participated in them. Harce or single combat is a custom known since ancient times. It was popular in the era of knightly cavalry in the Middle Ages and persisted into early modern times. The characters from Henryk Sienkiewicz’s novels set in the 17th century still maintained this tradition.
Clients’ Experiences of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy
Authors: Hammond Michaela , Ryan Christian , Dwyer Aoife
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to explore clients’ unique phenomenological experiences of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and their meaning-making regarding this therapeutic approach within the context of an adult mental health service in Ireland. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was employed to collect and analyze data from six interviews with individuals who had completed an EMDR intervention. Three Group Experiential Themes were identified: “Trapped in trauma—self-disorganization,” “Being ‘in’ the process of processing,” and “Moving on—adaptive resolution of trauma.” The study provides an in-depth insight into clients’ experiences of EMDR in terms of the many processes and outcomes, and clinical implications are discussed.
Problematyka regulacji prawnej ochrony ludności w Polsce
Authors: Konieczny Adam
Published: October 2023

The article is informative using the author’s previous work on the directions for improving the public administration’s activities in the field of public security. Several years of problems concerning the effective regulation of the field of civil protection require analysis and urgent drawing of conclusions from previous activities and inspections carried out by authorized entities. In the article, the author made a synthetic introduction to the topics contained throughout the publication, referring to the directions of change currently being developed, for which the starting point, in addition to the aforementioned research, was and is the National Security Strategy.
Powszechny system ochrony ludności i krajowy system ratowniczy w zapewnieniu bezpieczeństwa wewnętrznego
Authors: Kocowski Tadeusz
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the issues of the general system of civil protection and the national rescue system in ensuring internal security. The analysis of the normative material shows the existence of the civil protection system, its current structure, tasks, and the role played by public administration bodies, as well as other entities participating in it, in particular voluntary fire brigades.
Ratownictwo górnicze w podziemnych zakładach górniczych ‒ zawodowe czy ochotnicze?
Authors: Rogacki Artur
Published: October 2023

The article attempts to analyze the legal provisions governing mine rescue in underground mines in Poland, with particular emphasis on professional and voluntary rescue services against the background of surface rescue. Models of solutions for the organization of mine rescue in an entrepreneur were presented. The organization of the mine rescue was described together with the development of its structure. The individual entities included in the mine rescue are summarized: mine rescue services, entrepreneurs and entities professionally involved in mine rescue. The existence of the Rescue Plan was signaled.
Strategies for prevention of spinal cord ischemia in the management of thoracic and thoracoabdominal aneurysms
Authors: Gomes Vivian Carla , Farber Mark A. , Parodi F. Ezequiel
Published: October 2023

Spinal cord ischemia (SCI) is undoubtedly the most devastating adverse event that occurs after either a thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) or thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) repair. While open surgery techniques and minimally invasive endovascular options are now available for treating complex anatomy aortic aneurysms, spinal cord ischemia still occurs to a greater extent than desirable. Multiple risk factors have been associated with this adverse event, such as advanced age, perioperative hypotension, extent of the repair, and ligation of multiple intercostal and lumbar arteries during the surgical repair. The present literature review aims to analyze the contributing risk factors for SCI in the context of aortic surgery, explore the most relevant strategies for preventing postoperative SCI, and discuss the current management strategy when this complication occurs.
Through critical eyes of the public: Factors influencing professionalism in the detective service in the Gauteng Province
Authors: Mofokeng Jacob T. , Tshakane Pogiso
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to determine what general detective attributes are considered professional in the South African Police Service (SAPS) based on public assessments. This study followed a quantitative research approach and utilized a non-probability, purposive, or judgmental sampling technique. The findings confirmed that good attributes such as acting with integrity, in line with the values and ethical standards of the SAPS, expand on earlier studies that suggested informal contact raises public opinion of the police. It could be that those predisposed to be more favorable are likelier to initiate informal contact with officers. In any event, it seems likely that promoting informal social contact may favorably influence public opinion. The SAPS may want to evaluate how they encourage or discourage informal contact with residents. It would seem then, from the findings of this study, that if more general detectives would portray greater attributes when interacting with the public, there would be more legitimacy, less victimization, less fear of crime, lower perceived levels of violent crime, a lower perceived disorder in one’s neighborhood, and higher neighborhood cohesion and control.
Making public service delivery more accessible to people with disabilities: The South African government narrative
Authors: Matyana Mandisi , Thusi Xolani
Published: October 2023

Citizens with disabilities have the same rights as those without disabilities, and they are entitled to the same benefits as everyone else. Because of their mobility, people who do not have disabilities have greater access to public services. People with disabilities typically face difficulties in accessing government services due to the location of government offices, the physical structure of such offices, and the fact that they rely on others to access some of the services provided by the government. More government offices are located in urban areas, while the majority of people with disabilities live in rural areas, making it even more difficult for them to access government services such as health facilities, educational institutions, civic and social services. This paper examines what the South African government can do to make service delivery even more accessible to people with disabilities. To benefit this paper, the qualitative approach was used to collect data through a review of secondary sources.
Empowerment and access to opportunities in South Africa: can gender equality be achieved?
Authors: Masenya Malesela Jim
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this paper is to examine the unequal and inadequate access to opportunities by both men and women in South Africa, as well as the progress made in achieving gender equality and promoting women's empowerment, which are embedded in the Millennium Development Goals and Sustainable Development Goals, respectively. The paper is virtuously theoretical and relies upon literature to present its arguments, soliciting information from published journals, reports, and previous studies. Access is primarily a gendered phenomenon worldwide, pertaining to the subsets of, inter alia, access to information, rights, land, money, education, skills, political participation, and opinion. Gender equity and equality are high on the developmental agenda of women in almost every country. South Africa, being part of international treaties and conventions on gender equity, is obliged to advance the empowerment of women and eliminate all forms of gender discrimination. The development of women, their access to essential resources, and their participation in important positions of decision-making are still challenges in most countries. It is commonly known that everywhere in the world, women face constraints that limit their capacity to contribute to production, well-being, decision-making, growth, and most importantly, empowerment, which in turn promotes independence. Women face discrimination in access to productive resources such as land; they face wage inequality in rural labor markets; and they are also more likely to work part-time, seasonal, and/or low-paying jobs when engaged in wage employment. Despite the Domestic Violence Act 116 of 1998 and the inauguration of the Annual 16 Days of Activism for No Violence Against Women and Children by the South African government, which are aimed at fighting the perpetual inequalities and abuse of women and children, gender inequality, women's disempowerment, and unequal access to opportunities are still predominant in the country.
Public cybersecurity awareness good practices on government-led websites
Authors: Rama Pranisha , Keevy Monique
Published: October 2023

Globally, governments should prioritise and lead cybersecurity awareness as they have a duty to inform their citizens about responsible online behavior. This study aims to search for government-led cybersecurity awareness practices followed by the four world-leading countries (the United States of America (USA), the United Kingdom (UK), Saudi Arabia and Estonia) as evident on their websites. This qualitative study employs content analysis by performing a review of the four world-leading countries’ websites, with a specific focus on support materials and other relevant activities as part of cybersecurity awareness. Analysis of the websites found that cybersecurity awareness practices had a wide reach. Firstly, a host of multimedia content (videos, readings, infographics, memes, games, and quizzes) was used in addition to social media platforms. Secondly, the content was categorized for a range of users, with parents and children being favored. Lastly, for countries where the first language was not English, websites were in the official language in addition to English. The study contributes to the literature on cybersecurity awareness. The good practices employed by these countries could serve as a benchmark globally for other countries seeking to formulate or update their websites. Furthermore, showcasing the four world-leading countries serves to assist countries which have a lower Global Cybersecurity Index organizational measure can improve their cybersecurity awareness websites.
The state of forensic accounting: South Africa versus the United States of America
Authors: Denhere Varaidzo
Published: October 2023

As a multi-faceted emerging profession, forensic accounting is surrounded by some issues, controversies, and challenges among them lack of consensus on the entry requirements and certification of the profession, misconstruction of the innate goal of forensic accounting, and the lack of consensus on the teaching pedagogies of forensic accounting. The claim of ownership of forensic accounting by different professional bodies in different jurisdictions also exacerbates these challenges. With these issues surrounding the profession, this study sought to examine the state of affairs of forensic accounting in a developed economy, USA, and a developing economy South Africa. The comparison was based on the following criteria: certification; the profession issues; constitutional and judicial issues; and legal and regulatory issues. The study employed a desktop literature review methodology involving an in-depth review of relevant and current literature. The paper found that both countries share a similar status of the forensic accounting profession only on the profession issues. Differences were noted on the certification; constitutional and judicial issues; as well as the legal and regulatory issues. To date, the profession is regulated in both jurisdictions but it happened in 2000 in the US and 2013 in South Africa. It can therefore be concluded that the similarity in forensic accounting profession status for the two jurisdictions is based only on the profession criteria with differences existing in the certification; constitutional and judicial; and legal and regulatory issues. The paper recommends more studies on comparing the status of the profession in other jurisdictions because extant literature still alludes to unresolved issues and challenges on forensic accounting in some jurisdictions.
Cord Blood as a Corrector of Hematological and Cytomorphological Characteristics of Lymphohemopoietic Organs in Experimental Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Koval Hanna , Bondarovych Mykola , Goltsev Anatoliy
Published: October 2023

Background. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease caused by a shift in the interaction between cells of the immune system and the skin. Steroid anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat AD often lead to numerous side effects. Therefore, the development of new natural multifunctional preparations with immunomodulatory activity is of great importance.
Objective. To determine the changes in indices of the leukocytes cluster of peripheral blood and determine the peculiarities of cytomorphological changes in the spleen and lymph nodes (LN) of rats with induced AD before and after administration of cryopreserved (cHCBL) and lyophilized (lHCBL) forms of human cord blood leukoconcentrate.
Methods. The experiments were conducted using 6-month-old Wistar rats. AD was induced by topically applying a 5% alcohol-acetone solution of dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) to the skin of the rats' back for 21 days. Each form of the preparation (cHCBL and lHCBL) was administered intraperitoneally in a 0.5 ml dose containing 5´106 cells, one day after the final DNCB treatment. The following parameters were assessed in the blood: leukocyte count and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (N/L index). Сytomorphological characteristics were determined in the spleen and inguinal LN.
Results. In AD, specific changes in the cytomorphological characteristics of the lymphohematopoietic complex (LHС) structures, namely the spleen and LN, were observed alongside alterations in the leukocyte cluster indices. The most notable changes in the spleen included the dominance of the white pulp over the red pulp and the prevalence of follicles of stages II and III of development in the LN. Animals with AD displayed pronounced leukocytosis and an increased N/L index in their blood. The study demonstrates the positive corrective effects of cHCBL and lHCBL on the morphological characteristics of LHC and the specified blood parameters.
Conclusions. The effectiveness of the cHCBL and lHCBL use for correcting indices of leukocytes cluster of peripheral blood and the structural organization of lymphohemopoietic organs in the development of AD have been proven.
Potential Alphavirus Inhibitors From Phytocompounds – Molecular Docking and Dynamics Based Approach
Authors: Sharma Maneesha , Bansal Anu , Suman Shikha , Raj Sharma Neeta
Published: October 2023

Background. Alphaviral diseases are an economic burden all over the world due to their chronicity and distribution worldwide. The glycoproteins E1 and E2 are important for binding to the surface of the host cell by interacting with the receptors and non-structural proteins named nsP2 and nsP4 are important for the replication of virus, so can be an important drug discovery target.
Objective. We are aimed to explore the in silico interaction between plant-based compounds (phytocompounds) and specific protein targets, such as nonstructural protein nsP4 and glycoprotein E2 of Sindbis virus (SINV), nsP2 and E2 of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), and glycoproteins E1 and E2 of Ross River virus (RRV).
Methods. A library of phytochemicals from Indian medicinal plants was prepared using databases and converted to 3D structures. Protein structures (nsP2, nsp4, E1, E2) were obtained and refined, followed by molecular docking with AutoDock Vina. Promising ligands were evaluated for properties, cytotoxicity, and mutagenicity, considering drug-likeness and potential issues. Molecular Dynamics simulations assessed complex stability.
Results. We analyzed 375 phytocompounds against these targets using molecular docking, modeling, and molecular dynamics for SINV, CHIKV, and Ross River (RRV) virus proteins. Granatin A has been found to successfully bind to the target sites of SINV nsP4, CHIKV E2, and CHIKV nsP2 with binding affinity values of -16.2, -20.6, and -18.6 Kcal/mol respectively. Further, stability of CHIKV E2 – Granatin A complex was done by performing molecular dynamic simulation and the complex was stable at 60ps.
Conclusions. This research provides valuable insights into the development of effective antiviral drugs against alphaviruses, emphasizing the importance of natural compounds and their interactions with viral proteins. This study might pave the way for further exploration of these small molecules as effective anti-alphaviral therapeutic agents.
Synergic and Additive Effects of the Combined Effect of Tyrosinase Inhibitors
Authors: Shesterenko Yuliia , Romanovska Iryna , Karpenko Olexandr , Gaydarzhi Ivan
Published: October 2023

Background. Excessive melanin accumulation in the skin can lead to various diseases and cosmetic issues. While tyrosinase inhibitors are commonly used to reduce pigment biosynthesis, many of them are associated with significant side effects. When multiple drugs are used in combination, it can result in synergism, additive effects, or antagonism. Combining multiple tyrosinase inhibitors is considered a promising approach to minimize side effects and enhance therapeutic efficacy.
Objective. This study aims to investigate the combined use of tyrosinase inhibitors to determine the nature of their interaction, whether it's synergistic or additive.
Methods. We utilized tyrosinase isolated from Agaricus bisporus mushrooms. Enzyme inhibition by test compounds was assessed by measuring tyrosinase activity using tyrosine (30 min in 0.05 M Na-phosphate buffer solution, pH 6.5, 25 °C). To explore joint inhibition, compound solutions were mixed in pairs at various concentrations. The interaction was quantified using the combination index and isobolograms.
Results. To determine the effect of the combined action of agents on tyrosinase activity, we examined standard inhibitors of the enzyme (kojic acid, arbutin, phenylthiourea) and our discovered compound, 3-(2-hydroxyphenylamino)-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one. Calculations of the combination index and isobolograms for all studied combinations of standard tyrosinase inhibitors revealed additive effects in all studied cases. Simultaneous use of kojic acid or arbutin with 3-(2-hydroxyphenylamino)-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one demonstrated a synergistic effect. However, the mixture of phenylthiourea with the indole derivative demonstrated an additive effect.
Conclusions. The combined usage of tyrosinase inhibitors in various combinations displayed both additive and synergistic effects. The synergistic effect of using two inhibitors simultaneously presents significant opportunities for the development of more effective and cost-efficient treatments for hyperpigmentation by reducing the concentration of each inhibitor.
MULTIGRAPH IS: Part 2. VERIFICATION OF THE DIGITAL TWIN OF THE EUROPEAN TRAIN CONTROL SYSTEM APPLICATION
Authors: KOCHAN Andrzej , FOLĘGA Piotr , BUREIKA Gintautas , SKIRKUS Remigijus
Published: October 2023

The final model for rail transportation is the introduction of full digitalization to support communication and transport services, which will be available to the public in the future. The process of digitalization is based on models that reproduce the real physical structures present in the transport network. Due to the high complexity of the structure and its mapping, it is necessary to find methods that automatically verify the proposed created model. This approach supports manual activities that, at this moment, are not sufficient. Automatization’s description requires a formal approach. Such a description has been developed as part of a research project, “The Digital Railway. The digital twin of the ETCS application. Virtual prototyping and simulation of operational scenarios.” In this paper, a formal model of the ETCS application has been proposed, and a formal approach to its verification is described.
ENHANCING THE ACCESSIBILITY OF RAILWAY TRANSPORTATION FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH PHYSICAL DISABILITIES
Authors: GAJEWSKA Paulina , SZEWCZYK Irena , KOULOURIS Georgios
Published: October 2023

The purpose of public mass transport is the general accessibility for all of its users. The lack of (or insufficient adjustment of) the tourist transport infrastructure to the needs of persons with disabilities and seniors is an obstacle to their free movement. The aim of this article is to determine to what extent the railway infrastructure is adjusted to the needs of disabled persons and what problems these persons struggle with most frequently. The aim of this article is to determine and discuss various aspects of disability. The primary research method used in the paper is the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), which is a method used to assess the state of adaptation of the station for people with disabilities. The purpose of the tests is to identify existing and potential defects as well as their causes and effects. Research results verify the degree of adaptation of rail transport for people with disabilities and have diagnostic value. Future research should focus on the full usability of transport infrastructure for people with disabilities. The results of the current research have a number of practical implications, mainly for people involved in the transport industry. Building awareness regarding problems related to the mobility of people with disabilities, sensitize to the needs and challenges of such people has significant social implications. This paper has cognitive value for the development of knowledge, science, and quality in terms of adapting transport for people with disabilities. To achieve the study’s purpose, the FMEA was conducted on the example of the main railway station in Bielsko-Biała, Poland. Suggestions were also formulated to allow persons with disabilities to use railway transport to a greater extent.
Kedudukan Harta Waris dalam Kaitannya dengan Program Pengungkapan Sukarela dalam Perpajakan
Authors: Kusumawati Mustika Prabaningrum , Hamrany Ahmad Khairun , Rahman Ari Nur
Published: October 2023

The government issued a policy of Voluntary Disclosure Program bearing a final tax rate which is later known as PAS FINAL to avoid the imposition of 200% administrative sanctions if discovered by auditors. However, socialization is not carried out sustainably and optimally. The government optimizes fiscal revenues through the Voluntary Disclosure Program (PPS) through Law Number 7 of 2021 and PMK No.196/PMK.03/2021. The formulation of the problem is how are taxpayers in various regions interested to participate in the Voluntary Disclosure Program (PPS) and what is the juridical review of undivided and divided inheritance owned by taxpayers in the Voluntary Disclosure Program (PPS)? According to the author, the level of interest to participate in PPS is still low, because there are still many taxpayers who have never heard of and do not understand about the said PPS. This condition is underscored by the high number of taxpayers who choose not to take part in PPS even though they know and understand PPS. Apart from that, there are a high number of taxpayers who do not understand the tax treatment of inherited assets in the PPS program. Taxpayers' high level of misunderstanding of the tax treatment of inherited assets can reduce their interest in participating in PPS. From a juridical aspect, inherited assets that should be included in PPS are those that have the status of inherited assets that have not been divided but generate income. With the transfer of tax obligations to the heirs after the heir dies, the Taxpayer's heirs should be the ones to take part in the voluntary disclosure program for income originating from undivided inheritance.
Impact of banking performance indicators on share price of Islamic banks listed on GCC stock exchanges
Authors: Almonifi Yasser Saleh Ali , Bhosle Vasant K.
Published: October 2023

Purpose – This study aims to explore the impact of banking performance indicators on share price of Islamic banks listed on GCC stock exchanges. Methodology – The research methods related to quantitative approach are based on the data collected through the reports of 17 Islamic banks and seven stock exchanges in GCC for the period from 2012 to 2021, where the panels approach tests and fixed effect model were used to measure performance.Findings – The study findings indicate that return on assets has a negative and non-significant impact on the Islamic banks share price in the stock exchanges, also, the return on equity and price/earnings ratio have a non-significant positive impact on the banks share price, while there is a negative and significant impact between earnings per Share and the banks share price index.Implications – This research has significant administrative and applied implications. To gain a competitive advantage and achieving a greater market value, banks can further improve their investment performance. Furthermore, this research highlights the importance of developing Islamic banking performance and enhancing investment and financing strategies for stakeholders in Islamic banks, as well as in the financing and investment sector.Originality – This study is considered as one of the main studies contributing to the analysis of the impact of banking performance indicators on share price of Islamic banks listed on GCC stock exchanges.