bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOSIALISASI BAURAN PEMASARAN PADA KOPERASI KONSUMEN YAYASAN PUSAKA RAUDHATUL IRFAN DESA KUTAWARGI KEC. RAWAMERTA KAB. KARAWANG
Authors: Puji Isyanto  , Dini Yani  , Daeana Irawati
Published: May 2022

mengetahui bauran pemasaran yang tepat bagi koperasi konsumen Yayasan Pusaka Raudhatul Irfan dalam menjalankan usahanya sehingga dapat berkembang dan berjalan secara maksimal yang pada akhirnyaa diharapkan dapat meningkatkan ekonomi dan kesejahteraan Yayasan Pusaka Raudhatul Irfan khususnya serta masyarakat sekitar pada umumnya. Metode pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang digunakan adalah ceramah dan diskusi. Materi mencakup teori tentang bagaimana menemukan peluang bisnis/usaha dan bauran pemasaran yang tepat dalam upaya meningkatkan pengelolaan koperasi konsumen pada yayasan Pusaka Raudhatul Irfan dengan sebaik mungkin. Sosialisasi dan Pendampingan tentang pengelolaan bauran pemasaran dari produk yang dihasilkan oleh yayasan Pusaka Raudhatul Irfan agar mampu berkembang dan dapat diberdayakan melalui koperasi konsumen pada yayasan tersebut. Peserta diberikan pemahaman terkait pentingnya membaca peluang bisnis/usaha, pemberdayaan koperasi, dan perancangan strategi bisnis yang tepat dengan harapan agar usaha koperasi pada yayasan tersebut bisa berkembang dengan baik. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan sumbangan bagi yayasan Pusaka Raudhatul Irfan melalui peningkatan usaha koperasi konsumen dengan menerapkan bauran pemasaran yang tepat. Kata kunci : Bauran Pemasaran, Koperasi.

The organization of this community service activity aims to find out the right marketing mix for the Raudhatul Irfan Heritage Foundation consumer cooperative in running its business so that it can develop and run optimally which in the end is expected to improve the economy and welfare of the Raudhatul Irfan Heritage Foundation in particular and the surrounding community in general. The community service method used is lecture and discussion. The material includes theories on how to find business/business opportunities and the right marketing mix to improve the management of consumer cooperatives at the Pusaka Raudhatul Irfan foundation as well as possible. Socialization and Assistance on the management of the marketing mixof products produced by the Raudhatul Irfan Heritage foundation so that they can develop and can be empowered through consumer cooperatives at the foundation. Participants were given an understanding regarding the importance of reading business/business opportunities, empowering cooperatives, and designing appropriate business strategies in the hope that cooperative businesses at the foundation can develop well. The results obtained from this activity are expected to contribute to the Pusaka Raudhatul Irfan foundation through increasing the consumer cooperative business by implementing the right marketing mix.Keywords— Marketing mix, Cooperative
Comparación de dosis absorbida en agua y dosis absorbida en medio en tratamientos de próstata y cabeza y cuello. Análisis con diferentes tamaños de rejilla y curvas de calibración CT
Authors: García Riñón David , Ferrer Gracia Carlos , Huertas Martínez Concepción , Sánchez López Raúl , Sáez Beltrán Moisés
Published: May 2022

Se analizan las diferencias entre las distribuciones de dosis calculadas con Dw,m y Dm,m en el planificador Monaco para tratamientos de próstata y cabeza y cuello. Se realiza una división de órganos en forma de capas de diferentes espesores para evaluar la influencia del tamaño de rejilla de cálculo (3mm y 1mm) y se estudia cómo afecta la curva de calibración CT a la dosis calculada. Los resultados muestran una variación, (Dw,m - Dm,m)/Dw,m, de dosis media de 0.1%-0.3% en recto y vejiga, en torno al 1% en canal medular y cavidad oral, 3% en cabezas femorales y 7% en mandíbula. El cubrimiento del PTV es superior en Dw,m un 0.04%, 1,22% para próstata y un 0.92%, 5,8% en cabeza y cuello (V95%, V100% respectivamente). Diferencias en cabeza y cuello en cobertura al PTV, según su grado de solapamiento con hueso, son suficientemente importantes para que la elección del medio de absorción afecte al control tumoral. Las variaciones de dosis entre regiones de diferentes densidades son superiores con el tamaño de rejilla de 1mm, mostrando una mayor sensibilidad a la interfase. La variación con la curva de calibración CT solo es apreciable (0.38%) en órganos de densidad muy diferente a la del agua.
Estudio piloto de una auditoría postal dosimétrica para radioterapia en condiciones de referencia
Authors: Pujades-Claumarchirant Maria Carmen , Candela-Juan Cristian , Oliver-Cañamás Laura , Soriano-Cruz Ángela , Rovira-Escutia Juan José , Ballester-Pallarés Facundo
Published: May 2022

En 2019 el Centro Nacional de Dosimetría organizó un estudio piloto de auditoría dosimétrica postal para centros de radioterapia. La auditoría consistió en una verificación de la calibración de haces de fotones de megavoltaje en condiciones de referencia, para lo cual se emplearon dosímetros de luminiscencia estimulada ópticamente (OSL) colocados en un maniquí de agua. Se auditaron 48 haces de energías: 6, 10 y 15 MV con filtro aplanador, y 6 y 10 MV sin filtro aplanador (FFF). Se consideraron aceptables las diferencias entre la dosis absorbida declarada por el centro auditado y la medida por el centro auditor inferiores al 5%.
La media de las diferencias entre la dosis declarada y la medida fue del 0.8%, estando comprendidas entre el −0.9% y el +1.9%. La incertidumbre en la medida de la dosis fue del 1.6% (k = 1). No se obtuvieron resultados fuera del límite de aceptación.
De este estudio se concluye que el método propuesto para auditar haces de fotones de uso en radioterapia es viable y los resultados obtenidos para los diferentes centros auditados son inferiores al limite de aceptación. La incertidumbre en la determinación de la dosis absorbida es similar a la de otras organizaciones que ofrecen este servicio.
Informe del Grupo de Trabajo de la SEFM sobre Radioterapia Guiada por Superficie (SGRT): Procedimientos recomendados para la aceptación y puesta en funcionamiento
Authors: Rodríguez Romero Ruth , Zucca Aparicio Daniel , De la Casa de Julián Miguel Ángel , Díaz Pascual Víctor , González Vecín Iago , Jordi Ollero Olivia , Barbés Fernández Benigno
Published: May 2022

Se presentan las conclusiones del estudio realizado por el Grupo de Trabajo sobre Radioterapia Guiada por Superficie, promovido por la Sociedad Española de Física Médica. Los objetivos han sido la elaboración de procedimientos para la aceptación y puesta en funcionamiento de dispositivos de posicionamiento, monitorización y seguimiento, basados en el reconocimiento de la superficie del paciente, orientaciones para la adquisición e instalación de este equipamiento, así como establecer recomendaciones para un uso clínico fiable.

Se ha delimitado el campo de estudio a los programas y dispositivos comerciales, evaluando las ventajas y limitaciones de estas técnicas para diferentes aplicaciones en Radioterapia. Basados en la bibliografía disponible, y en la experiencia de centros nacionales con implantación de la SGRT, se han establecido tolerancias y periodicidades para las distintas pruebas de control de calidad. Además, se han propuesto líneas de trabajo para la implantación de técnicas especiales que requieren mayor exactitud por parte de estos dispositivos.

Finalmente, se han incluido tres anexos con orientaciones prácticas sobre la medida y análisis de las latencias de esos sistemas, la construcción de maniquíes de control de calidad para su medición, así como las implicaciones clínicas asociadas a las mismas en el tratamiento de lesiones sometidas a movimiento respiratorio.
Kemampuan Literasi Matematika Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal PISA di SMP Kabupaten Melawi
Authors: Saputri Linda Dwi , Permatasari Rindah , Septiadi Wahyu
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan literasi matematika siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal Program For International Student Assessment (PISA). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII yang tersebar pada beberapa sekolah di Kabupaten Melawi yang berjumlah 46 siswa. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa tes literasi matematika dengan konteks PISA yang berjumlah 6 soal dan wawancara. Setelah dilakukan penelitian, diperoleh bahwa kemampuan literasi matematika yang dimiliki siswa masih tergolong dalam kategori rendah dengan rata-rata 33,5. Kesalahan yang banyak dilakukan yaitu kurangnya kemampuan dasar matematika siswa, satu di antaranya siswa kurang mampu memahami soal dalam bentuk cerita dan mengkonstruksinya ke dalam model-model matematika serta kurang mampu menerapkan konsep yang digunakan untuk menyelesaikan soal yang diberikan.
Premiaciones por Género en Psicología en Puerto Rico: Análisis Histórico desde la APPR
Authors: Martínez-Taboas Alfonso , Roca de Torres Irma , Boulon-Jiménez Frances
Published: May 2022

A nivel internacional, a las mujeres se les ha discriminado y minimizado en diferentes áreas del conocimiento científico. Al compararse con los hombres, éstas muestran un número menor de publicaciones, menos reconocimientos, un Índice-h menor y menos premios de alta distinción. Este fenómeno, el cual se ha nombrado como el efecto de Matilda, persiste a pesar de los avances significativos que se han dado para reconocer a las mujeres como competentes y líderes en dominios científicos. En Estados Unidos se ha encontrado un patrón similar, donde las mujeres psicólogas reciben solo como un 30% de los premios importantes que ofrece la American Psychological Association. El presente estudio investigamos si en Puerto Rico se repite el mismo patrón de desigualdad por género en la concesión de premios. Para este fin utilizamos los dos premios de más prestigio otorgados en Puerto Rico por la Asociación de Psicología de Puerto Rico: el Premio Psicólogo del Año y el Premio Una Vida de Logros. Nuestro análisis reveló que en Puerto Rico no hay una diferencia marcada entre hombres y mujeres al momento de recibir estos premios. Finalmente, desarrollamos algunas ideas que podrían explicar por qué en Puerto Rico encontramos un panorama diferente en lo que respecta a diferencias por género en la otorgación de premios.
Palabras claves: Asociación de Psicología de Puerto Rico, Premiaciones, Puerto Rico, género
Özel Eğitim Öğretmenlerinin OSB’li Çocukların Eğitimlerinde Kullandıkları Bilimsel Dayanaklı Uygulamalara Yönelik Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Çil Hikmet , Kalkan Sinan , Akemoğlu Yusuf
Published: May 2022

Bu araştırmada özel eğitim öğretmenlerinin OSB’li çocukların eğitimlerinde kullandıkları bilimsel dayanaklı uygulamalara yönelik görüşlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya Adıyaman ilinde Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğüne bağlı okullarda görev yapan ve üniversitelerin özel eğitim bölümünü bitiren 29 kadın ve 15 erkek olmak üzere toplam 44 özel eğitim öğretmeni katılmıştır. Çalışmada, öğretmenlerin meslek yaşamları boyunca bilimsel dayanaklı uygulamalar konusunda eğitim alma düzeylerinin düşük olduğu; buna karşılık lisans eğitimlerinde bilimsel dayanaklı uygulamalar konusunda eğitim alma düzeylerinin ise yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bunun yanında çalışmaya katılan öğretmenler bilimsel dayanaklı uygulamaları genellikle deneysel çalışmalar sonucunda ortaya çıkan ve sonuçları birbiri ile tutarlı uygulamalar olarak tanımlamıştır. Araştırmaya katılan öğretmenlerin genel olarak bilimsel dayanaklı uygulamaları faydalı buldukları belirlenmiş olup öğretmenler bilimsel dayanaklı uygulamaların özellikle otizmli çocukların öz bakım becerilerini, akademik başarı düzeylerini ve iletişim becerilerini geliştirdiğini ifade etmiştir. Sonuç olarak, özel gereksinimli çocuklarla çalışan öğretmenlerin mesleki gelişimlerinin desteklenmesi ve özel gereksinimli çocukların devam ettiği eğitim ortamlarında bilimsel dayanaklı uygulamaların kullanımının yaygınlaştırılması gerekmektedir.
Özel Eğitimde Akran Zorbalığı: Öğretmen Görüşlerine Dayalı Nitel Bir Çalışma
Authors: Terzioğlu Nesime Kübra
Published: May 2022

İlkçağlardan itibaren yetersizliği olan bireylere karşı olumsuz davranış ve tutumların varlığı göze çarpmaktadır. Eğitim anlayışında meydana gelen bazı değişiklikler ve yetersizliği olan bireylerin ailelerinin hak arayışları sonucunda günümüzde bu bireylere karşı var olan bu olumsuz davranış ve tutumların oldukça azaldığı görülmektedir. Ancak tüm bu gelişmelere rağmen özel gereksinimli öğrenciler hala zorba davranışlarla karşılaşmaktadır. Özel gereksinimli öğrencilerin yaşamış oldukları zorba davranışların her yönüyle bilinmesinin akran zorbalığının önüne geçilebilmesine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Buradan yola çıkılarak bu araştırmanın amacı yetersizliği olan öğrencilerin yaşamış oldukları akran zorbalıkları ile ilgili özel eğitim öğretmenlerinin görüşlerini incelemektir. Nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından durum deseni kullanılan bu araştırmaya özel eğitim öğretmenliği yapmakta olan 20 öğretmen katılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri görüşme formu ve anket aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Betimsel analiz yoluyla analiz edilen veriler tema ve alt temalar oluşturularak sunulmuştur. Araştırmanın sonucunda özel gereksinimli öğrencilerin sıklıkla zorba davranışlarla karşılaştıkları ve genellikle bu davranışlarda kurban rolünde oldukları görülmüştür. Zorba davranışlar ile mücadele konusunda normal gelişim gösteren öğrencilere, bu öğrencilerin ailelerine, öğretmenlere ve diğer okul personeline farkındalık, empati, davranış değiştirme konularında bilgilendirici çalışmalarının yapılması önerilmektedir.
Özel Eğitime Açılan Yeni Bir Pencere: Göz İzleme Tekniği
Authors: Özer Esmehan
Published: May 2022

Göz izleme, bireylerin göz hareketlerinin kaydedilerek nereye, ne zaman, ne kadar süreyle ve hangi sırada baktıklarına ilişkin fizyolojik veri sağlayan önemli bir tekniktir. Göz izleme teknolojileri yaklaşık bir buçuk asırdır tıp, veterinerlik, psikoloji, dilbilim, spor bilimleri ve özel eğitim gibi oldukça farklı araştırma alanlarında güvenilir veri toplamak için yaygın bir biçimde kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ise göz izleme tekniği, göz hareketleri ve göz izleme verileri betimlenerek tanımlanmaktadır. Aynı zamanda özel eğitim alanında okuma bozukluğu ve otizm spektrum bozukluğuna ilişkin göz izleme tekniği ile gerçekleştirilen bazı önemli çalışmalara yer verilmektedir. Araştırmalar okuma bozukluğu ve otizm spektrum bozukluğunun hem doğasının incelenmesi hem de okuma bozukluğu ve otizm spektrum bozukluğu şüphesi ile değerlendirmeye alınan bireylerin tanı-değerlendirme ve müdahale süreçlerine ilişkin kapsamlı bilgiler sunmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, özel eğitim alanında da yaygın olarak kullanılan göz izleme ile objektif, kolay, hızlı, teknoloji temelli ve yenilikçi bir biçimde araştırma ve incelemelerin yapıldığı görülmektedir.
A comparison of the efficacy and feasibility of different regional anesthesia modes in cesarean section：A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors:   四川大学华西第二医院, Duan Yuanqiong , Huang Xin , Liang Ailing , Yin Rutie , Zhang Mengpei
Published: May 2022

Review question / Objective: To investigate the efficacy and feasibility of different regional anesthesia techniques in patients who received cesarean section. Condition being studied: The current study aims to perform a network meta-analysis to comprehensively compare the regional anesthesia methods for postoperative pain in patients scheduled for elective cesarean section and try to find an optimal method that can serve as a reference in clinical practice. Information sources: Two investigators (YY and SS) independently extracted the data. Information was extracted about participant characteristics (age, gestational week, American society of Anesthesiologist grade (ASA), body mass index(BMI), etc.), study design, anesthesia methods, and analgesic efficacy outcomes. The data were extracted from the text, tables, and graphs of each study.
Critical Analysis of the role of crafts and artesian cooperative thrift and credit societies in the socio-economic development of its members in Moradabad.
Authors:   Assistant Professor  Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India, Kaur Sukhveet
Published: May 2022

Crafts and artesian plays a vital role in any country in its socio-economic progress. They are suffering from different type of problems like marketing of their products, not getting proper money for it, finance problem etc. most important one is the finance facility. Cooperative thrift and credit societies is an important source of credit facility for such type of people. In this study the role of artisans and artisan cooperatives in the socioeconomic progress of their members in Moradabad is evaluated. The research concentrates to evaluate the socioeconomic characteristics of the members of the cooperatives thrift and credit societies. Researcher also tries to find out the ways in which members are benefited from the cooperative thrift and credit societies. Further this study tries to study the contributions of these cooperative societies. This research tries to find out the reasons for the low performance of cooperatives in Moradabad and make recommendations for greater effectiveness of artisan and craft cooperatives. How the benefits provided by the Cooperative thrift and credit societies helps to improve the performance of its members
CRYPTOCURRENCY SECURITY
Authors:   Galgotias University, Kumar Dr Arvind , Visal Mohd Shaqib ,   Galgotias University, Anas Mohd ,   Galgotias University
Published: May 2022

Security and privacy are two conditions that are closely linked to current trends in cryptocurrency, and this study offers a similar comprehensive review. Cryptocurrency adds security to transactions and controls the formation of additional currency units. Great growth for cryptocurrency market testing leads to the misuse of failures to benefit enemies. In this study, the review was designed to focus on safety and security standards of cryptocurrencies especially in Bitcoin. This study explains cryptocurrency agreements, their benefits, and communications within the framework
Techno-economic analysis and cost benefits of green walls for building in extreme climate. Case study southwest of Algeria
Authors: Benoudjafer Ibtissam  , Benoudjafer Imane  , Laoufi Salima
Published: May 2022

Green roofs such as green roofs (GRs) and green walls (GWs) have been one of the greatest attentions of architects and designers. In arid regions it is necessary to plant vertically, when urbanization continued due to the destruction of green spaces, it became very difficult to plant horizontally. In this regard, the methodology followed consists in evaluating the thermal effects of vegetation on the facade and the roof, covered with plants specific to the hot and arid climate. Then, using a dynamic simulation with Energy plus, we can measure the thermal impact of these green properties on the facade applied in an existing building. With a technical-economic analysis, we obtained a reduction of the various energy consumption values; cost benefits for green walls, and even reduce the effect of co2 emissions. Finally, we can effectively improve the exterior surface temperature, the thermal comfort inside the houses with low energy consumption thanks to the green facade.
An Experimental Study of Indoor Air Pollution in New Office Building
Authors: Nor Azirah Mohd Fohimi  , Koay Mei Hyie  , Salina Budin  , Normariah Che Maideen  , Nazri Kamsah  , Haslinda Mohamed Kamar
Published: May 2022

Air pollution is a major environmental risk to health. The new building normally has a facing problem with indoor air pollutant. New construction materials and furniture will contribute higher contaminants compared to old materials. The effect of indoor air pollutants can result in human health problems, discomfort and reduces their productivity. The purpose of this present work is to experimental study the indoor air pollution status regarding carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, and formaldehyde concentration in an administration office at the new building faculty of mechanical engineering in Johor Bahru, Malaysia. The contaminants concentration values are investigated through field measurements and then compared to the limits stated in the Occupational Safety and Health Act standard. The field measurement of contaminant concentration level was conducted at the intersect plane between the vertical plane at the center of the air conditioning diffuser and the horizontal plane at 1.2 m from the floor. The contaminant concentration readings were taken at 6 locations inside the office. The data were conducted during actual working conditions. The reading of contaminants concentration is taken in 30 minutes. One minute is equal to one number of samples. It was found that only the formaldehyde concentration is exceeding the maximum limit.
Experimental Study on the Effect of Boundary Layer Control on the Aerodynamics Characteristics of NACA 0021 Aerofoil
Authors: Jaffar Syed Mohamed Ali  , Mohd Farid Amran  , Nurul Aziz Mohamad
Published: May 2022

Take-off and landing are the critical phases of an aircraft flight where there is a high demand of lift force at the lowest stalling speed of aircraft. Use of different techniques to increase the lift force during these phases of flight is one of the prime objectives in the design of an aircraft wing. Delaying and eliminating flow separation using boundary layer control (BLC) techniques will improve the aerodynamic characteristics of a wing. This work presents an experimental study on the effect of BLC on the aerodynamic characteristics of NACA 0021 aerofoil. Both the techniques of blowing and suction has been considered in this study. Model was built using composites and tested in a subsonic wind tunnel integrated with a compressor/vacuum pump setting for to control the boundary layer on the aerofoil. Firstly, the model with 20 pressure tappings was tested without BLC and the point of flow separation was noted. Later, the suction and blowing holes were made suitably in the model and equipped with a compressor/vacuum pump to control the boundary layer and study the effects of it on the performance of NACA 0021 aerofoil. As expected, the BLC by both the techniques show improvement in the maximum lift coefficient.
Analysis of Inlet Temperature and Airflow Rate on Drying Process in a Spray Dryer Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Method
Authors: Samsudin Anis  , Shilly Muttashillatul Urfi  , Adhi Kusumastuti  , Wim Widyo Baskoro
Published: May 2022

Spray drying is a method of producing a dry powder from liquid or slurry by rapid drying with a hot air. The spray drying process consists of atomizing the liquid into fine droplet, contacting the hot air with the droplets, drying droplets by the formation of solid particle agglomerates and separating solid products. This research was carried out to analyse the drying process parameter of spray dryer to reach the fluid drying temperature of around 100°C in which the drying process is assumed to be successful. Simulation using computational fluid dynamics method was performed. Air and water were employed as the working two phase fluids injected into the drying chamber at various inlet temperatures and airflow velocities. RNG k-ɛ and k-ω were used to solve drying process phenomenon in the drying chamber. In this work, the inlet air temperatures and the airflow velocities were varied from 175°C to 225°C and 1.5 m/s to 3 m/s, respectively. The results showed that the higher inlet air temperature, the greater the outlet temperature. In addition, the outlet temperature also increased with the increase of airflow velocity. Under the condition investigated, the optimal parameter was found at inlet temperature of 225°C and airflow velocity of 3 m/s. This condition is expected in avoiding the failure of spray drying process.
Analysis of an Axial Permanent Magnetic Bearing for 1MW Horizontal Axis Wind
Authors: Kriswanto  , Rizqi Fitri Nuryanto  , Renaldy Prasdiansyah  , Dony Hidayat Al-Janan  , Widya Aryadi  , Ahmad Roziqin  , Samsudin Anis  , Wirawan Sumbodo  , Jamari
Published: May 2022

One way to reduce maintenance costs while improving wind turbine efficiency is to replace mechanical bearings with permanent magnetic bearings. The permanent magnetic bearing is a free contact bearing in which the rotor is elevated from the stator by the magnet's repelling force. The purpose of this study is to analyze the variation of permanent magnet width and the gap distance between the rotor-stator magnets that can produce the magnetic axial force opposing the thrust force of 1MW horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT). The method used in this study is a magnetic force simulation using finite element method by varying the magnet thickness, width of the gap, and displacement between the rotor-stator of the PMB model. The PMB model consists of rotor and stator magnets arranged in 3 layers with Nd2Fe14B type material with a magnetic flux density of 1.45 T. Variations in thickness of the rotor and stator magnets are 0.1; 0.15, respectively; 0.2 (m), while variations in the width of the magnetic gap are 4, 5, 6 (mm). The results of the study found that the displacement that produces an axial magnetic force that can support a thrust force of 199.5kN is the lowest in the PMB model with a magnetic thickness of 0.15m with a magnetic gap of 4mm, while the highest is at a magnetic thickness of 0.1m with a magnet gap of 6mm. The greater the thickness of the PMB axial magnet design, the greater the displacement that provides zero axial magnetic forces. Further, the maximum of the magnetic axial force is rise on with increasing magnet thickness.
Experimental Study of an Inclined Wick Solar Still Operating in Drop by Drop System Under The Climatic Conditions of Hodna's Region, Algeria
Authors: Zakaria Haddad  , Abla Chaker  , Azzedine Nahoui  , Mohamed Salmi  , Islam Laifa
Published: May 2022

Solar distillation is a very economical process for the fresh water production, especially in arid and semi-arid areas where solar energy is abundant. Several types of solar stills have been designed and manufactured for a purpose to increase their performances. This work aims to study experimentally under outdoor conditions of Hodna’s region, two types of solar still, the first is an inclined solar still with different wick thicknesses (thick, medium and thin) operating in drop by drop system of feed water and the other is conventional. Four clear days of the April months have been chosen to experiment the solar stills performances. The results showed that the solar stills performances are notably influenced by design and operating conditions, as revealed by the daily production and efficiency values of the inclined solar still with thin wick which achieved 4.14 liter/m2.day and 46.66%, with an improvement of about 23.21% and 12.56 % respectively, compared to those of the conventional solar still, which reached 3.36 l/m2 and 34.1% respectively. In addition, the economic analysis illustrates that the low cost of one liter of distilled water and the quicker payback period at the same time are for the inclined solar still with a thin wick of about 0.011$/l and 77 days respectively.
Analysis of Wind Data Collected from 15 Stations in Thailand
Authors: Tariq Khan  , Ismail Kamdar  , Watchara Saeheng  , Juntakan Taweekun
Published: May 2022

The aim of this research is to study the wind speed, wind direction and the temperature of 15 stations of Thailand at 5 levels from 16 November 2019 - 13 February 2020. WAsP application is used in this research to calculate the two parameters Weibull distribution namely K shape and C scale. Furthermore, maximum and minimum wind speed is recorded. Data from Nakhon Si Thammarat shows the maximum mean wind speed 5.02 m/s. and Nan shows the minimum mean wind speed 0.8 m/s. Additionally, the prominent wind direction of every station is observed as well. Main wind direction for Nakhon Si Thammarat is from (Southwest). These results facilitate for the further research on wind characteristic feasible for small wind farm by increasing the timeline of data recorded.
Blood Flow Acoustics in Carotid Artery
Authors: Salman Aslam Ramdan  , Mohammad Rasidi Rasani  , Thinesh Subramaniam  , Ahmad Sobri Muda  , Ahmad Fazli Abdul Aziz  , Tuan Mohammad Yusoff Shah Tuan Ya  , Hazim Moria  , Mohd Faizal Mat Tahir  , Mohd Zaki Nuawi
Published: May 2022

This paper aims to identify and study the blood flow and acoustics characteristics of different degrees of stenosis in the carotid artery. Blood flow will produce acoustics, but the presence of different levels of stenosis are expected to produce different acoustic characteristics. The blood flow and acoustic characteristics are simulated by using computational fluid dynamics software (CFD). Several three-dimensional models of carotid arteries that have different degrees of stenosis are used together with a normal/healthy carotid artery - i.e., 30% and 70% degrees of blockage. The geometry of 30% and 70% stenosed model are computationally generated from a normal carotid artery geometry. In addition, the blood viscosity level was also increased in this study to a value of 0.005 kgms-1 (from the normal viscosity of 0.004 kgms-1) to compare the effect of hyperglycaemia (i.e., diabetes mellitus) that may bring additional complications to blood flow. Pulsatile simulations are used for all cases in order to mimic the exact blood flow condition in which the inlet velocity and outlet pressure change with time. The present study shows that as the degree of stenosis increases at the common carotid artery (CCA), the velocity at the internal carotid artery (ICA) and external carotid artery (ECA) outlet increases. The maximum velocity changes for ICA at the systolic peak from normal to 70% degree of stenosis for carotid artery shows an increase by 8%, while an opposite trend is observed for the maximum velocity changes of ECA at the systolic peak, where a reduction by 3% occurs from normal to 70% degree of stenosis for carotid artery. In terms of viscosity, as the viscosity of the blood increases, the velocity of the blood flow decreases in all geometry carotid arteries and may potentially provide further complications on clinical problems. The acoustic simulation showed that the acoustic power increases by 5% and 20% for carotid artery geometry that has 30% and 70% degree of stenosis, respectively. The present study indicates potential for further developing non-invasive acoustic means to diagnose and measure stenosis in carotid arteries.
Emission Characteristics and Engine Performance from Castor Oil Methyl Ester Blends in Diesel Engine under Various Injection Pressures
Authors: Mohammed A. Fayad  , Salman Hussien Omran  , Moaz H. Ali  , Hind A. Al Salihi
Published: May 2022

The use of fuel injection pressure and oxygenated fuels in transport sector are the considerable challenges in making environmentally clean without any modifications in engine design. Therefore, the influence of injection pressure on engine performance and exhaust emission characteristics of common-rail diesel engine has been investigated in this study. The research engine was operated with castor oil blended into the diesel in different percentages at different injection pressures (200, 300, 400 and 500 bar). The results showed that the BSFC increased by 37.2%, 26.8%, 24.53% and 20.31%, from the combustion of COD100, COD10, COD20 and COD30, respectively, and also the thermal efficiency increased from the oxygenated fuels in comparison with diesel under low and high injection pressure. Furthermore, the average reduction of CO and HC emissions was 27.4% and 21.6% from the combustion of castor oil-diesel (COD) blends under 500 bar. The NOX emissions slightly decreased by 7.3% with increasing the injection pressure up to 500 bar from all COD blends compared to the diesel. It is indicated that the CO2 emissions increased by 8.6% form the COD blends combustion compared to the diesel with increasing FIP. The PM concentrations gradually decreased with increase the injection pressures by 33.6%, 26.25%, 20.7%, and 17.4% from CO100, CO30D, CO20D and CO10D, respectively.
Sensitivity Analysis of Bioethanol Simulation from Microalgae with Pressure Swing Distillation Process
Authors: Bayu Triwibowo  , Haniif Prasetiawan  , Ratna Dewi Kusumaningtyas  , Nadya Alfa Cahaya Imani  , Achmad Chafidz  , Muhammad Salman Alfarisi  , Anwar Hasan Mujaddid
Published: May 2022

Energy is an important parameter in the social and economic development of a country. Thus, it is necessary to seek renewable energy to supply energy needs in Indonesia. The production of bioethanol from microalgae as a biofuel is one way to reduce the use of fossil fuels. Microalgae has an advantage over other types of biomass sources due to its high biomass productivity and do not compete with agricultural crops for land and water resources. In the bioethanol production process, the ethanol and water form an azeotrope mixture of 95.6% of ethanol at 1 atm and 78.15°C. The objective of this research was to analyse and determine the operating conditions and the optimum distillation column configuration which results in high ethanol purity according to fuel specifications (fuel grade ethanol). The method of pressure-swing distillation was applied to separate the azeotrope of ethanol-water and obtain high purity ethanol. A simulation model of bioethanol production with pressure-swing distillation system was conducted by using Aspen Plus V10. In this research, the influence of process parameters such as distillation column pressure, reflux ratio, feed stage location, and the number of theoretical stages was analysed by using model analysis tools. The results showed that the obtained bioethanol purity of 99.9% with the condenser and reboiler duty of the LP column -79.931 kW and 667.651 kW, respectively; while the HP column is -47.627 kW and 57.698 kW.
Addressing Workforce Shortages Through Equitable Design of Education and Opportunities
Authors: Alam Faryaal
Published: May 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the inequities in the healthcare landscape and has also exposed workforce shortages that exist at multiple levels in the healthcare atmosphere. In addition to the supply chain and economic shortages over the last calendar year, the healthcare industry has been ravished by labor shortages, disrupting patient care and education for students in many ways. The American College of Medical Colleges predicts a shortage of 122,000 physicians by 2023. Furthermore, rural areas experience greater disparities in workforce shortages than urban areas, and the demand for workers in both rural and urban areas alike will increase as the baby boomer generations age and head towards retirement. This policy position paper will highlight various existing programs for addressing workforce shortages, creating an effective recruitment strategy, getting youth interested in pursuing careers in healthcare, how to offer stipends for students working as direct support professionals, and looking into possible policy recommendations for addressing workforce shortages. After reviewing these areas, we summarize a wide variety of strategies for employers to implement in creating a more effective workforce including investing in workforce development programs and creating more opportunities for youth.
Family Support Policy for Pharmacy, Medical, and Graduate Students
Authors: Daskalska Lora , O’Brien Benjamin , Arzua Thiago , Bakken Brianne
Published: May 2022

For many graduate and professional science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) students, family support policies are inadequate or non-existent. This gap hinders students’ family planning ability, makes degree completion more challenging, and disproportionately impacts women. Suitable and accessible family support policies are necessary to progress STEM institutions toward equity, maintain themselves as competitive, and support changes in student demographics. With that goal in mind, the Council for Women’s Advocacy (CWA), a group of physicians, professors, administrators, and students at the Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW), developed policies addressing these critical needs. They were approved by leadership and included in the 2021-2022 All Student Handbook. This language can serve as a framework to build on for other STEM institutions. The policies include 1) course and program accommodations for parental leave, 2) childcare financial aid, and 3) lactation support.
Ensuring the Inclusion of People with Disabilities in STEM Education and Careers
Authors: Gordián-Vélez Wisberty
Published: May 2022

Achieving full inclusion for people with disabilities in STEM is a matter of national security, economic prosperity, and equity. People with disabilities in STEM are underrepresented in postsecondary degrees and employment and they have higher unemployment rates and earn less. Inaction at the federal level has contributed to perpetuating these disparities. The federal government, especially through a signed law, could provide the funding and mandate to establish the institutional support, resources, and incentives needed so people with disabilities have equitable access to STEM and they can contribute to the scientific and technological innovation the U.S. needs to confront its great challenges. Congress has lately been working to bolster the country’s scientific and technological enterprise and to increase the diversity of our STEM workforce, through HR4521, the America COMPETES Act, and S1260, the U.S. Innovation and Competition Act. Some of these proposals are promising but fail to include provisions specific to people with disabilities. As Congress considers a HR4521/S1260 compromise bill, it has the opportunity to include programs that ensure the inclusion and promote the success of people with disabilities in STEM.
Hardwired to learn science but left out of the landscape: the role of expanding access to quality science education in America for elementary learners
Authors: Hirst-Bernhardt Christine , Almasi Kama
Published: May 2022

There has never been a greater need for a scientifically literate population, yet science education remains inaccessible for many learners. National STEM priorities continue to focus on older learners and adults while failing to expand access to elementary school students. In the past 30 years, science instructional minutes have decreased dramatically, likely the unintentional outcome of accountability metrics that overemphasize math and reading at the expense of other subjects. In some districts, students do not receive any science until middle grades. Elementary teachers may not receive any instruction in science and lack the confidence and resources to effectively weave content into their already overflowing plate. The National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine recently published two reports that identify widespread disparities in access to science education while also outlining growth opportunities. These reports address the causes and impacts of the disparities, and outline recommended solutions at all levels. Here we present our arguments for integrating high-quality science in elementary classrooms, drawing heavily on the reports for evidence and potential solutions. The pandemic and climate change have focused attention on the vital role of science in our lives; it’s time to invest in our youngest learners and natural-born scientists with opportunities to leverage their innate skills and prepare them as the leaders of tomorrow.
To Strengthen the American STEM Workforce, Empower Workers
Authors: Lee Justin , Amir Carolyn
Published: May 2022

A just, healthy, and robust science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) workforce is vital to social organization and human well-being in the modern world. However, economic elites can shape scientific and technological priorities by defining the “national interest” and “needs” of the market, which greatly influences the future of human power relations and material conditions. When contemporary policy debates in STEM education and workforce development focus on how K-12, university, and technical education can provide a workforce for businesses and advance the “national interest”, the resulting policy agenda centers the interests of these socio-economic elites. This paper seeks to reframe debate on STEM education and workforce development policy from a paradigm of nation-state competitiveness and market demand to one centered on workers and democracy. We argue that “who governs” the science and technology workforce and “who benefits” from the status quo of STEM education and workforce development policy is not who should govern and who should benefit, but rather the political and economic elites which steer the world’s largest companies and states. This reframing not only recognizes the fundamental interdependence of economic and political power, but that power is a feature of a social order co-produced with and through scientific inquiry, technological change, and knowledge creation. We advocate for the reimagination of the status quo to recognize that the STEM workforce is composed of, first and foremost, working people. We argue for science and technology workers to recognize common solidarity with all workers and organize to determine their own futures. Lastly, we propose a policy agenda which would empower them to do so by strengthening labor rights and expanding the worker-owned economy.
Words Matter: Defining opportunities in STEM to improve rural and urban student outcomes
Authors: Mansky Benjamin , Piselli Rachel , Quarato Emily
Published: May 2022

In the United States, significant gaps remain for achieving gender and racial equity in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) careers. Although our K-12 education system has made some progress in innovating STEM curricula, the U.S. still lags behind other Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has introduced new challenges in STEM education, which often require in-person experiential learning. Fortunately, with the advent of COVID-19 more people have come to appreciate the role technology can play in education. While technology certainly has many benefits for the educational process, there is a significant gap in opportunity between those from different socioeconomic and rural backgrounds in the U.S. To ensure the development of a diverse STEM workforce, the House of Representatives needs to take significant action to reduce inequity in STEM learning and outreach. We recommend that the House of Representatives Committee on Science, Technology, and Space clarify the wording within the Innovation for Informal STEM Learning Act (H.R. 3859) to better target underrepresented populations from both rural and urban communities and the House of Representatives Committee of Education and Labor specify the definition of ‘qualified apprenticeship program’ within the STEM K to Career Act (H.R.4727).
Reforming Graduate Student Policies and Resources Starts with Promoting the Ones you Already Have
Authors: Rudokas Michael , Damico Megan , Kling Christina , Zimmermann Alessandra
Published: May 2022

The overall mental and physical well-being of STEM graduate students has been declining in recent years, and the COVID-19 pandemic has only exacerbated the situation. The institutional policies and resources meant to protect and support graduate students need to be updated to reflect the changing times and match the current needs of the students they are intended to serve. Through an exploratory study, we surveyed graduate students from U.S. higher education institutions on their perceptions of available resources and policies with the goal of identifying areas for improvement. The main findings from this study highlighted the critical need to increase the awareness and accessibility of policies and resources already provided to graduate students to promote perceived availability and, therefore, graduate student policy and resource use. We put forward two key recommendations to accomplish this task: first, it is crucial to begin centralizing, codifying, and annotating graduate student policies and resources to increase their accessibility amongst student populations. Second, we suggest active and passive marketing approaches to increase awareness of policies and resources throughout institutions. Accessibility and awareness of graduate student resources and policies need to be addressed to promote the success and safety of graduate students and, in doing so, ameliorate graduate student retention and cultivate diverse career futures in STEM.
The Lack of Sexual and Gender Minority Curriculum in U.S. Medical Schools
Authors: Varley Kyra
Published: May 2022

Health outcomes of sexual and gender minorities are often disproportionately negative compared to their heterosexual counterparts. One reason is that healthcare providers report low confidence treating SGM patients and a low rate of interaction with this population. The curriculum being taught in U.S. medical schools is largely insufficient in teaching the healthcare needs of SGM individuals. Consequently, physicians are underprepared to treat these patients, leading to large health disparities. Physicians show improved levels of knowledge and confidence treating SGM patients after additional educational efforts, showing that adding SGM healthcare modules to medical schools will better prepare physicians to treat these patients. This would decrease health disparities and improve patient experiences and health outcomes. Additional curriculum should be multi-modal and include SGM individuals in their creation and implementation. This method has been shown to encourage the greatest improvement in physician knowledge and confidence working with patients. This paper also includes policy recommendations geared towards policymakers and stakeholders to guide future initiatives to improve the health outcomes of SGM patients. It is crucial that this conversation around social determinants of health leads to policy and structural changes. Future research in this area is needed and future policy changes or initiatives should be studied for their effectiveness.
Artificial Intelligence: A New Era in Cardiology
Authors: Abed Robert
Published: May 2022

Very few fields have evolved as Cardiology has. The last four centuries have brought extraordinary discoveries, achievements, inventions, and innovations, and we are now on the verge of witnessing the beginning of a new chapter of Cardiology that will unlock diagnostic and therapeutic interventions that are today considered impossible. Why? Artificial Intelligence (AI).