bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dependency of Queensland and the Great Barrier Reef’s tropical fisheries on reef-associated fish
Authors: Brown Christopher J. , Taylor William , Wabnitz Colette C. C. , Connolly Rod M.
Published: October 2020

Coral reefs have been subject to mass coral bleaching, potentially causing rapid and widespread degradation of ecosystem services that depend on live coral cover, such as fisheries catch. Fisheries species in tropical waters associate with a wide range of habitats, so assessing the dependency of fisheries on coral reefs is important for guiding fishery responses to coral reef degradation. This study aimed to determine how fisheries catches associate with coral reefs in Queensland, Australia. Queensland’s largest fisheries did not target fish associated with reefs, but specific sectors, particularly aquarium fisheries and commercial fisheries in the mid to northern region had a high dependence on species that use coral reefs. Regions that had a greater relative area of coral reefs had higher catches of species that depend on live coral, suggesting that coral area could be used to predict the sensitivity of a jurisdiction’s fisheries to bleaching. Dynamic analysis of stock trends found that coral trout and red throat emperor, the two largest species by catch for the reef line fishery, were at risk of overfishing if habitat loss caused declines in stock productivity. Management of fisheries that are highly dependent on reefs may need to adapt to declining productivity, but further research to support ongoing reforms in Queensland’s fisheries is needed to quantitatively link reef degradation to stock production parameters is needed.
Improved hyperacuity estimation of spike timing from calcium imaging
Authors: Hoang Huu , Sato Masa-aki , Shinomoto Shigeru , Tsutsumi Shinichiro , Hashizume Miki , Ishikawa Tomoe , Kano Masanobu , Ikegaya Yuji , Kitamura Kazuo , Kawato Mitsuo , Toyama Keisuke
Published: October 2020

Two-photon imaging is a major recording technique used in neuroscience. However, it suffers from several limitations, including a low sampling rate, the nonlinearity of calcium responses, the slow dynamics of calcium dyes and a low SNR, all of which severely limit the potential of two-photon imaging to elucidate neuronal dynamics with high temporal resolution. We developed a hyperacuity algorithm (HA_time) based on an approach that combines a generative model and machine learning to improve spike detection and the precision of spike time inference. Bayesian inference was performed to estimate the calcium spike model, assuming constant spike shape and size. A support vector machine using this information and a jittering method maximizing the likelihood of estimated spike times enhanced spike time estimation precision approximately fourfold (range, 2–7; mean, 3.5–4.0; 2SEM, 0.1–0.25) compared to the sampling interval. Benchmark scores of HA_time for biological data from three different brain regions were among the best of the benchmark algorithms. Simulation of broader data conditions indicated that our algorithm performed better than others with high firing rate conditions. Furthermore, HA_time exhibited comparable performance for conditions with and without ground truths. Thus HA_time is a useful tool for spike reconstruction from two-photon imaging.
Neuroprotective effect of ACTH on collagenase-induced peri-intraventricular hemorrhage in newborn male rats
Authors: Martins Camila A. , Neves Laura Tartari , de Oliveira Marina M. B. P. , Bagatini Pamela Brambilla , Barboza Rafaela , Mestriner Régis Gemerasca , Xavier Léder Leal , Rasia-Filho Alberto A.
Published: October 2020

Peri-intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) is a common and serious prematurity-related complication in neonates. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) has neuroprotective actions and is a candidate to ameliorate brain damage following PIVH. Here, we tested the efficacy of ACTH1-24 on a collagenase-induced lesion of the germinal matrix (GM) in newborn male rats. Animals received microinjection of the vehicle (PBS, 2 µl) or collagenase type VII (0.3 IU) into the GM/periventricular tissue on postnatal day (PN) 2. Twelve hours later pups received microinjection of either the agonist ACTH1-24 (0.048 mg/kg), or the antagonist SHU9119 (antagonist of MCR3/MCR4 receptors, 0.01 mg/kg), or their combination. Morphological outcomes included striatal injury extension, neuronal and glial cells counting, and immunohistochemical expression of brain lesion biomarkers ipsilateral and contralateral to the hemorrhagic site. Data were evaluated on PN 8. Collagenase induced PIVH and severe ipsilateral striatal lesion. ACTH1-24 dampened the deleterious effects of collagenase-induced hemorrhage in significantly reducing the extension of the damaged area, the striatal neuronal and glial losses, and the immunoreactive expression of the GFAP, S100β, and NG2-glia biomarkers in the affected periventricular area. SHU9119 blocked the glial density rescuing effect of ACTH1-24. ACTH1-24 could be further evaluated to determine its suitability for preclinical models of PVH in premature infants.
Longitudinal plasma inflammatory proteome profiling during pregnancy in the Born into Life study
Authors: Hedman Anna M. , Lundholm Cecilia , Andolf Ellika , Pershagen Göran , Fall Tove , Almqvist Catarina
Published: October 2020

The maternal immune system is going through considerable changes during pregnancy. However, little is known about the determinants of the inflammatory proteome and its relation to pregnancy stages. Our aim was to investigate the plasma inflammatory proteome before, during and after pregnancy. In addition we wanted to test whether maternal and child outcomes were associated with the proteome. A cohort of 94 healthy women, enrolled in a longitudinal study with assessments at up to five time points around pregnancy, ninety-two inflammatory proteins were analysed in plasma with a multiplex Proximity Extension Assay. First, principal components analysis were applied and thereafter regression modelling while correcting for multiple testing. We found profound shifts in the overall inflammatory proteome associated with pregnancy stage after multiple testing (p < .001). Moreover, maternal body mass index (BMI) was associated with inflammatory proteome primarily driven by VEGFA, CCL3 and CSF-1 (p < .05). The levels of most inflammatory proteins changed substantially during pregnancy and some of these were related to biological processes such as regulation of immune response. Maternal BMI was significantly associated with higher levels of three inflammation proteins calling for more research in the interplay between pregnancy, inflammation and BMI.
Towards optimal use of phosphorus fertiliser
Authors: Ros Mart B. H. , Koopmans Gerwin F. , van Groenigen Kees Jan , Abalos Diego , Oenema Oene , Vos Hannah M. J. , van Groenigen Jan Willem
Published: October 2020

Because phosphorus (P) is one of the most limiting nutrients in agricultural systems, P fertilisation is essential to feed the world. However, declining P reserves demand far more effective use of this crucial resource. Here, we use meta-analysis to synthesize yield responses to P fertilisation in grasslands, the most common type of agricultural land, to identify under which conditions P fertilisation is most effective. Yield responses to P fertilisation were 40–100% higher in (a) tropical vs temperate regions; (b) grass/legume mixtures vs grass monocultures; and (c) soil pH of 5–6 vs other pHs. The agronomic efficiency of P fertilisation decreased for greater P application rates. Moreover, soils with low P availability reacted disproportionately strong to fertilisation. Hence, low fertiliser application rates to P-deficient soils result in stronger absolute yield benefits than high rates applied to soils with a higher P status. Overall, our results suggest that optimising P fertiliser use is key to sustainable intensification of agricultural systems.
Impact of canine epilepsy on judgement and attention biases
Authors: Hobbs Sarah L. , Law Tsz Hong , Volk Holger A. , Younis Chantal , Casey Rachel A. , Packer Rowena M. A.
Published: October 2020

Idiopathic epilepsy (IE) is the most common chronic neurological condition in dogs, characterised by recurrent seizure activity and associated with negative behavioural and cognitive changes. We hypothesised that IE would negatively impact putative affective state, with dogs with IE exhibiting a more pessimistic judgement bias and more negative attention bias than controls. Dogs were tested in a previously-validated spatial judgement bias task, and a novel auditory attention bias task testing attention to sounds with different valence or salience (neutral, novel pre-habituated, threatening). Sixty-eight dogs (IE = 33, Control = 35) were tested, of which n = 37 acquired the spatial discrimination and responses to judgement bias probes were tested (IE = 19, Control = 18), and n = 36 were tested for responses to sounds (IE = 20, Control = 16). Study groups did not significantly differ by age, sex, breed or neuter-status (p > 0.05). Main effects of study group were not significant in judgement bias (F1,102 = 0.20, p = 0.658) or attention bias tasks (F3,102 = 1.64, p = 0.184). In contrast with our hypotheses, there was no evidence that IE altered cognitive biases in this study population; however, dogs with IE were significantly more likely to be unable to learn the spatial discrimination task (p = 0.019), which may reflect IE-related cognitive deficits. Developing methods to test affective state without excluding cognitively impaired individuals is a future challenge for animal welfare science.
Author Correction: Genome sequencing of Rigidoporus microporus provides insights on genes important for wood decay, latex tolerance and interspecific fungal interactions
Authors: Oghenekaro Abbot O. , Kovalchuk Andriy , Raffaello Tommaso , Camarero Susana , Gressler Markus , Henrissat Bernard , Lee Juna , Liu Mengxia , Martínez Angel T. , Miettinen Otto , Mihaltcheva Sirma , Pangilinan Jasmyn , Ren Fei , Riley Robert , Ruiz-Dueñas Francisco Javier , Serrano Ana , Thon Michael R. , Wen Zilan , Zeng Zhen , Barry Kerrie , Grigoriev Igor V. , Martin Francis , Asiegbu Fred O.
Published: October 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Conspecific recognition of pedal scent in domestic dogs
Authors: McClanahan Kari , Rosell Frank
Published: October 2020

Carnivores rely heavily on scent to communicate with conspecifics. Scent glands located on the underside of the feet provide an especially efficient way of leaving a scent trail. Although domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) are well-known for their olfactory abilities and scent marking behaviours, their use of pedal scent for communication remains unknown. We studied the reaction of intact dogs of both sexes to male and female pedal scent as well as a control sample of scent taken from the ground, using sniffing time and nostril usage as an indicator of interest level and emotional valence. In male subjects, only the sniffing duration for other males differed from the control samples, with no clear difference detected between male and female scent. Females showed no difference in the sniffing duration for any sample type. Conversely, male nostril use did not differ between the sample types, whereas females demonstrated a right nostril bias when sniffing the scent from other females and a left nostril bias when sniffing the control. We have shown that dogs recognize scent taken from the pedal glands from other dogs, although the extent to which they use this information to determine the sex of the scent depositor remains unclear.
Variable response to electric shark deterrents in bull sharks, Carcharhinus leucas
Authors: Gauthier A. R. G. , Chateauminois E. , Hoarau M. G. , Gadenne J. , Hoarau E. , Jaquemet S. , Whitmarsh S. K. , Huveneers C.
Published: October 2020

Although relatively rare, human-shark interactions and sharks bites are increasing globally, which has led to the development of various mitigation measures. Electric shark deterrents (ESDs) have, so far, been the most effective personal deterrents, but have only been scientifically tested on one of the species most frequently responsible for shark bites, i.e. white shark (Carcharodon carcharias). We tested the effectiveness of five ESDs (E-Shark Force, NoShark, Rpela v2, Freedom + Surf, Freedom + Surf—Shortboard) on bull sharks, Carcharhinus leucas, over a period of 21 days in September 2019, in New Caledonia. Standardised bait was attached 30 cm below an experimental board that had an active ESD for up to 15 min, or until a bull shark touched the bait or the board. We compared the numbers of baits taken, numbers of passes and reactions around the board, as well as the distance between the sharks and the board among ESDs and against a control board with bait and no active ESD. The Freedom + Surf was the most effective ESD, reducing the amounts of baits taken by 42.3%, while the Rpela v2 and Freedom + Surf—Shortboard also significantly reduced the number of baits taken by 16.5% and 16.2% respectively. Mean distance between sharks and the bait was not affected by the ESDs, but the number of approaches and the proportion of reactions were both significantly higher when the Freedom + Surf was active compared to other ESDs. The effectiveness of all ESDs decreased over time, with the likelihood of the bait being taken increasing and the number of approaches and distance between sharks and the bait decreasing. Our findings show that the ability of ESDs to deter bull shark varies between products, with the Freedom + Surf resulting in the most behavioural changes, followed by the Rpela v2 and Freedom + Surf—Shortboard. However, none of the products tested completely stopped sharks from taking the bait.
Spirofused tetrahydroisoquinoline-oxindole hybrids as a novel class of fast acting antimalarial agents with multiple modes of action
Authors: Efange Noella M. , Lobe Maloba M. M. , Keumoe Rodrigue , Ayong Lawrence , Efange Simon M. N.
Published: October 2020

Molecular hybridization of privileged scaffolds may generate novel antiplasmodial chemotypes that display superior biological activity and delay drug resistance. In the present study, we describe the in vitro activities and mode of action of 3′,4′-dihydro-2′H-spiro[indoline-3,1′-isoquinolin]-2-ones, a novel class of spirofused tetrahydroisoquinoline–oxindole hybrids, as novel antimalarial agents. Whole cell phenotypic screening of these compounds identified (14b), subsequently named (±)-moxiquindole, as the most potent compound in the current series with equipotent antiplasmodial activity against both chloroquine sensitive and multidrug resistant parasite strains with good selectivity. The compound was active against all asexual stages of the parasite including inhibition of merozoite egress. Additionally, (±)-moxiquindole exhibited significant inhibitory effects on hemoglobin degradation, and disrupted vacuolar lipid dynamics. Taken together, our data confirm the antiplasmodial activity of (±)-moxiquindole, and identify 3′4′-dihydro-2′H-spiro[indoline-3,1′-isoquinolin]-2-ones as a novel class of antimalarial agents with multiple modes of action.
Author Correction: Intracellular ion concentrations and cation-dependent remodelling of bacterial MreB assemblies
Authors: Szatmári Dávid , Sárkány Péter , Kocsis Béla , Nagy Tamás , Miseta Attila , Barkó Szilvia , Longauer Beáta , Robinson Robert C. , Nyitrai Miklós
Published: October 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Parametric study of hydrogenic inventory in the ITER divertor based on machine learning
Authors: Delaporte-Mathurin Rémi , Hodille Etienne , Mougenot Jonathan , De Temmerman Gregory , Charles Yann , Grisolia Christian
Published: October 2020

A parametric study is performed with the 2D FESTIM code for the ITER monoblock geometry. The influence of the monoblock surface temperature, the incident ion energy and particle flux on the monoblock hydrogen inventory is investigated. The simulated data is analysed with a Gaussian regression process and an inventory map as a function of ion energy and incident flux is given. Using this inventory map, the hydrogen inventory in the divertor is easily derived for any type of scenario. Here, the case of a detached ITER scenario with inputs from the SOLPS code is presented. For this scenario, the hydrogen inventory per monoblock is highly dependent of surface temperature and ranges from $$10^{18}$$

10
18

to $$6 \times 10^{19}$$

6
×

10
19

H after a $$10^{7}$$

10
7

s exposure. The inventory evolves as a power law of time and is lower at strike points where the surface temperature is high. Hydrogen inventory in the whole divertor after a $$10^{7}$$

10
7

s exposure is estimated at approximately 8 g.
GNAS mutation detection in circulating cell-free DNA is a specific predictor for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas, especially for intestinal subtype
Authors: Hata Tatsuo , Mizuma Masamichi , Motoi Fuyuhiko , Omori Yuko , Ishida Masaharu , Nakagawa Kei , Hayashi Hiroki , Morikawa Takanori , Kamei Takashi , Furukawa Toru , Unno Michiaki
Published: October 2020

Pancreatic cystic neoplasms (PCNs) are a heterogeneous group with varying risks of malignancy. To explore the clinical utility of liquid biopsy in cyst type classification, we analyzed the GNAS/KRAS mutations in circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) obtained from 57 patients with histologically diagnosed PCNs, including 34 with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) and compared the mutant allele prevalence and variant patterns with the paired resected specimens using next-generation sequencing. The positive prevalence of GNAS mutations in cfDNA of patients with IPMN (n = 11, 32%) was significantly higher than that in those with other PCNs (0%, P = 0.002). Conversely, KRAS mutations were detected in cfDNA of only 2 (6%) IPMN patients. The paired-sample comparison revealed highly concordance between the GNAS mutation status of cfDNA and resected IPMN specimens. Similar distributions of GNAS mutation positivity in cfDNA were observed across the different histological grades, whereas IPMNs with intestinal subtype showed a significantly higher prevalence of GNAS mutations than other subtypes (P = 0.030). GNAS mutation positivity in cfDNA was significantly associated with the acellular mucin pool of histological findings in primary IPMN lesions (P = 0.017). Detection of GNAS mutation in cfDNA can serve as a novel biomarker for cyst type classification and differentiation of intestinal subtype IPMN from the other PCNs.
Narrowband and flexible perfect absorber based on a thin-film nano-resonator incorporating a dielectric overlay
Authors: Park Chul-Soon , Lee Sang-Shin
Published: October 2020

We developed a flexible perfect absorber based on a thin-film nano-resonator, which consists of metal–dielectric–metal integrated with a dielectric overlay. The proposed perfect absorber exhibits a high quality (Q-)factor of ~ 33 with a narrow bandwidth of ~ 20 nm in the visible band. The resonance condition hinging on the adoption of a dielectric overlay was comprehensively explored by referring to the absorption spectra as a function of the wavelength and thicknesses of the overlay and metal. The results verified that utilizing a thicker metal layer improved the Q-factor and surface smoothness, while the presence of the overlay allowed for a relaxed tolerance during practical fabrication, in favor of high fidelity with the design. The origin of the perfect absorption pertaining to zero reflection was elucidated by referring to the optical admittance. We also explored a suite of perfect absorbers with varying thicknesses. An angle insensitive performance, which is integral to such a flexible optical device, was experimentally identified. Consequently, the proposed thin-film absorber featured an enhanced Q-factor in conjunction with a wide angle of acceptance. It is anticipated that our absorber can facilitate seminal applications encompassing advanced sensors and absorption filtering devices geared for smart camouflage and stealth.
Author Correction: Dimethyl disulfide exerts antifungal activity against Sclerotinia minor by damaging its membrane and induces systemic resistance in host plants
Authors: Tyagi Swati , Lee Kui-Jae , Shukla Pratyoosh , Chae Jong-Chan
Published: October 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Peak-at-end rule: adaptive mechanism predicts time-dependent decision weighting
Authors: Yashiro Ryuto , Motoyoshi Isamu
Published: October 2020

Humans make decisions under various natural circumstances, integrating multiple pieces of information that are distributed over space and time. Although psychophysical and physiological studies have investigated temporal dynamics underlying perceptual decision making, weighting profiles for inliers and outliers during temporal integration have yet to be fully investigated in most studies. Here, we examined the temporal weighting profile of a computational model characterized by a leaky integrator of sensory evidence. As a corollary of its leaky nature, the model predicts the recency effect and overweights outlying elements around the end of the stream. Moreover, we found that the model underweights outlying values occurring earlier in the stream (i.e., robust averaging). We also show that human observers exhibit exactly the same weighting profile in an average estimation task. These findings suggest that the adaptive decision process in the brain results in the time-dependent decision weighting, the “peak-at-end” rule, rather than the peak-end rule in behavioral economics.
A retrospective cross-sectional study to determine chirality status of registered medicines in Tanzania
Authors: Mwamwitwa Kissa W. , Kaibere Raphael M. , Fimbo Adam M. , Sabitii Wilber , Ntinginya Nyanda E. , Mmbaga Blandina T. , Shewiyo Danstan H. , Shearer Morven C. , Smith Andrew D. , Kaale Eliangiringa A.
Published: October 2020

Medicines with a stereogenic center (asymmetric carbon) are mainly present as racemates with a mixture of equal amounts of enantiomers. One enantiomer may be active while the other inactive, alternatively one may produce side-effects and even toxicity. However, there is lack of information on the chirality status (either racemates, single active enantiomer or achiral) of medicines circulated on the market particularly in African countries. We established the chirality status of registered medicines in Tanzania by conducting a retrospective cross-sectional study. Registration data for the past 15 years from 2003 to 2018 were extracted from TMDA-IMIS database to Microsoft excel for review and analysis. A total of 3,573 human medicines had valid registration. Out of which 2,150 (60%) were chiral and 1,423 (40%) achiral. Out of the chiral medicines, 1,591 (74%) and 559 (26%) were racemates and single active enantiomers, respectively. The proportion of racemates within chiral medicines was considerably higher than single enantiomer medicines. The use of racemates may cause harm to the public and may contribute to antimicrobial resistance due to potential existence of inactive and toxic enantiomers. In order to protect public health, regulatory bodies need to strengthen control of chiral medicines by conducting analysis of enantiomeric impurity.
Biochemical and economical effect of application biostimulants containing seaweed extracts and amino acids as an element of agroecological management of bean cultivation
Authors: Kocira Sławomir , Szparaga Agnieszka , Hara Patryk , Treder Krzysztof , Findura Pavol , Bartoš Petr , Filip Martin
Published: October 2020

The implementation of agronomic activities, based on the use of biostimulants, is an important element of agroecological practices. Therefore, comprehensive research was carried on the use of biostimulants. A field experiment was performed in 2016–2018 with common bean of Mexican Black cultivar. In particular growing seasons, bean plants were treated with Kelpak SL (seaweed extracts) and Terra Sorb Complex (free amino acids) in the form of single and double spraying with two solutions concentrations. According to the obtained data, application of biostimulants increased the yield of bean. Better results were observed after the use of Kelpak SL. The application of preparations influenced nutritional and nutraceutical quality of bean seeds. Terra Sorb Complex caused the highest increase in proteins level. In the light of achieved data, biostimulants in similar level decreased the starch accumulation. The most promising results, in the context of nutraceutical value of bean, were obtained in the case of increasing level of fiber. A positive impact of biostimulants on the seeds antioxidant potential was noted, expressed by the increased synthesis of phenolics, flavonoid, anthocyanins and antioxidant activities. Results of this study, directly indicate economic benefits from the use of biostimulants, which are extremely important to the farmers.
Moral judgements of fairness-related actions are flexibly updated to account for contextual information
Authors: Andrejević Milan , Feuerriegel Daniel , Turner William , Laham Simon , Bode Stefan
Published: October 2020

In everyday life we are constantly updating our moral judgements as we learn new information. However, this judgement updating process has not been systematically studied. We investigated how people update their moral judgements of fairness-related actions of others after receiving contextual information regarding the deservingness of the action recipient. Participants (N = 313) observed a virtual ‘Decision-maker’ share a portion of $10 with a virtual ‘Receiver’. Participants were aware that the Decision-maker made these choices knowing the Receiver’s previous offer to another person. Participants first made a context-absent judgement of the Decision-maker’s offer to the Receiver, and then a subsequent context-present judgement of the same offer after learning the Receiver’s previous offer. This sequence was repeated for varying dollar values of Decision-makers’ and Receivers’ offers. Patterns of judgements varied across individuals and were interpretable in relation to moral norms. Most participants flexibly switched from relying on context-independent norms (generosity, equality) to related, context-dependent norms (relative generosity, indirect reciprocity) as they integrated contextual information. Judgement of low offers varied across individuals, with a substantial minority of participants withholding their context-absent judgements of selfishness, and another minority that was lenient towards selfishness across both judgements. Our paradigm provides a novel framework for investigating how moral judgements evolve in real time as people learn more information about a given situation.
Author Correction: Effect of Hygrothermal Treatment on the Porous Structure and Nanomechanics of Moso Bamboo
Authors: Ye Cuiyin , Huang Yanhui , Feng Qiming , Fei Benhua
Published: October 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Publisher Correction: A systematic review of employment outcomes from youth skills training programmes in agriculture in low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Maïga W. H. Eugenie , Porgo Mohamed , Zahonogo Pam , Amegnaglo Cocou Jaurès , Coulibaly Doubahan Adeline , Flynn Justin , Seogo Windinkonté , Traoré Salimata , Kelly Julia A. , Chimwaza Gracian
Published: October 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Rapid capture of biomolecules from blood via stimuli-responsive elastomeric particles for acoustofluidic separation
Authors: Li Linying , Shields C. Wyatt , Huang Jin , Zhang Yiqun , Ohiri Korine A. , Yellen Benjamin B. , Chilkoti Ashutosh , López Gabriel P.
Published: October 2020

Detection of biomarkers often requires extensive sample preparation. We report a simple acoustofluidic method to isolate biomarkers on elastomeric particles by co-aggregation of elastin-like polypeptides, enabling their efficient capture and release.
A ferrocene-linked metal-covalent organic polymer as a peroxidase-enzyme mimic for dual channel detection of hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Hu Qiong , Fang Yishan , Yu Xiongtao , Huang Jianzhi , Wang Lishi
Published: October 2020

A novel ferrocene-linked metal-covalent organic polymer (MCOP-NFC) was synthesized through the Claisen–Schmidt condensation reaction of 1,1′-diacetyl ferrocene and tris(4-formylphenyl)amine.
CH–π interaction between cross-strand amino acid pairs stabilizes β-hairpins
Authors: Ghosh Pritha , Chatterjee Jayanta
Published: October 2020

We identified several CH–π donor–acceptor pairs involving amino acid side chains with less polarized C–H bonds at a solvent-exposed site between the strands of a β-hairpin peptide.
Visible light promoted deaminative difluoroalkylation of aliphatic amines with difluoroenoxysilanes
Authors: Huang Yang , Jia Jia , Huang Qi-Ping , Zhao Liang , Wang Pan , Gu Jiwei , He Chun-Yang
Published: October 2020

A visible light promoted deaminative strategy for the difluoroalkylation reaction utilizing pyridinium-activated aliphatic primary amines and difluoroenoxysilane as substrates has been developed.
Electrochemical control of the catalytic activity of immobilized enzymes
Authors: Kadambar Vasantha Krishna , Bellare Madhura , Bollella Paolo , Katz Evgeny , Melman Artem
Published: October 2020

Regulation of the catalytic activity of enzymes immobilized on carbon nanotube electrodes was achieved by changing their local pH environment using electrochemical reactions.
Study on topologically close-packed and crystal clusters of Cu10Ag90 alloy at the critical crystalline cooling rate
Authors: Zhang Duo-en , Zhou Li-li , Liang Yong-Chao , Tian Ze-an , Liu Rang-su , Gao Ting-Hong , Xie Quan , Chen Qian
Published: October 2020

Results show that there are four main connection modes between the crystal and TCP cluster forms.
Photochromism and photoresponsive luminescence in naphthalenediimide coordination polymers with high thermostability
Authors: Zhang Le-Tian , Xia Bin , Zhang Xia , Lu Sha , Zhou Xian-Xian , Li Quan-Wen , Wang Qing-Lun
Published: October 2020

Two novel photochromic complexes [Zn2(bpdc)2(m-DPNDI)2]·H2O (1) and [Cd(bpdc)(m-DPNDI)]·H2O (2) (H2bpdc = 4,4′-diphenic acid, m-DPNDI = N,N′-bis(3-pyridyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxydiimide) were prepared through a solvothermal method.
MOF-derived 1D hollow bimetallic iron(iii) oxide nanorods: effects of metal-addition on phase transition, morphology and magnetic properties
Authors: Lee Junhyung
Published: October 2020

It is demonstrated that 1D hollow bimetallic iron oxide nanorods containing Mn, Ru, Ni, La and Ag ions can be obtained regardless of the different values of ionic radius and hardness of metal dopants from NH4OH-etched MIL-88A MOF particles.
The role of electron–nuclear coupling on multi-state photoelectron spectra, scattering processes and phase transitions
Authors: Dutta Joy , Mukherjee Soumya , Naskar Koushik , Ghosh Sandip , Mukherjee Bijit , Ravi Satyam , Adhikari Satrajit
Published: October 2020

This article presents development of first principle based Beyond Born–Oppenheimer theory and its applications in conjunction with Jahn–Teller theory.
Full triples contribution in coupled-cluster and equation-of-motion coupled-cluster methods for atoms and molecules in strong magnetic fields
Authors: Hampe Florian , Gross Niklas , Stopkowicz Stella
Published: October 2020

Finite-field EOM-CCSDT: a highly accurate method for the theoretical prediction of excitation energies and electronic spectra in strong magnetic fields.
The role of vibronic coupling in the electronic spectroscopy of maleimide: a multi-mode and multi-state quantum dynamics study
Authors: Lehr Andreas , Gómez Sandra , Parkes Michael A. , Worth Graham A.
Published: October 2020

The first two excitation bands below 7 eV in the electronic absorption spectrum of maleimide are investigated using a model Hamiltonian including four low-lying singlet excited states within the manifold of 24 vibrational modes.
Influences of electric fields on the operation of Aqy1 aquaporin channels: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Rahimi Z. , Lohrasebi A.
Published: October 2020

The effects of application of external electric field on the dynamics of water molecules inside an Aquaporin channel, embedded within a stochastically fluctuating membrane, was modeled by means of the application of the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method.
Applications of diazaphospholene hydrides in chemical catalysis
Authors: Speed Alexander W. H.
Published: October 2020

Routes to diverse families of diazaphospholene hydride-transfer catalysts are reviewed, followed by an examination of various reactions catalyzed by these systems, including asymmetric variants.
Subtoxic dose of lithium cobalt oxide nanosheets impacts critical molecular pathways in trout gill epithelial cells
Authors: Mensch Arielle C. , Mitchell Hugh D. , Markillie Lye Meng , Laudadio Elizabeth D. , Hedlund Orbeck Jenny K. , Dohnalkova Alice , Schwartz Michael P. , Hamers Robert J. , Orr Galya
Published: October 2020

Global transcriptomics uncovered key molecular processes impacted by subtoxic dose of lithium cobalt oxide nanoparticles, indicating cellular attempts to restore energy and oxygen balance.
Composite toxicity assays for enhanced assessment of decentralized potable reuse systems
Authors: Page Martin A. , Dong Shengkun , Massalha Nedal , MacAllister Bruce , Hur Andy Y. , Bandstra Paul , Wagner Elizabeth D. , Plewa Michael J.
Published: October 2020

Decentralized direct potable reuse systems present new opportunities for resilient and sustainable facilities of the future, but potential risks must be studied carefully using advanced methods that consider potential toxicity from known and unknown oxidation byproducts.
Selective defunctionalization of citric acid to tricarballylic acid as a precursor for the production of high-value plasticizers
Authors: Stuyck Wouter , Verduyckt Jasper , Krajnc Andraž , Mali Gregor , De Vos Dirk E.
Published: October 2020

In presence of a solid acid H-Beta zeolite and Pd/C catalyst, citric acid was converted to tricarballylic acid via a one-pot sequential dehydration-hydrogenation process with a yield up to 85% and a selectivity exceeding 90%.
The importance of design in lithium ion battery recycling – a critical review
Authors: Thompson Dana L. , Hartley Jennifer M. , Lambert Simon M. , Shiref Muez , Harper Gavin D. J. , Kendrick Emma , Anderson Paul , Ryder Karl S. , Gaines Linda , Abbott Andrew P.
Published: October 2020

Product design is an important factor which can control the efficiency and economics of a recycling flowsheet.
Radionuclide analysis using collision–reaction cell ICP-MS technology: a review
Authors: Diez-Fernández Silvia , Isnard Hélène , Nonell Anthony , Bresson Carole , Chartier Frédéric
Published: October 2020

This article reviews the elemental and isotopic analysis of radionuclides using collision–reaction cell technology in ICP-MS applications.
Endothelial cell polarization and orientation to flow in a novel microfluidic multimodal shear stress generator
Authors: Sonmez Utku M. , Cheng Ya-Wen , Watkins Simon C. , Roman Beth L. , Davidson Lance A.
Published: October 2020

Endothelial cell polarization and orientation analysis using a novel microfluidic device that can simultaneously generate multiple levels of shear stress and shear stress gradients for systematic mechanobiology studies under flow.
Sulfonated polyaniline-encapsulated graphene@graphitic carbon nitride nanocomposites for significantly enhanced photocatalytic degradation of phenol: a mechanistic study
Authors: Jilani Asim , Rehman Ghani Ur , Ansari Mohammad Omaish , Othman Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan , Hussain Syed Zajif , Dustgeer Mohsin Raza , Darwesh Reem
Published: October 2020

The photocatalytic degradation of phenol through -s-PANI@g-C3N4 and its nanocomposites with graphene.
A H-aggregating fluorescent probe for recognizing both mercury and copper ions based on a dicarboxyl-pyridyl bifunctionalized difluoroboron dipyrromethene
Authors: Xie Hao-Ran , Gu Ya-Qi , Liu Li , Dai Jing-Cao
Published: October 2020

A difluoroboron dipyrromethene fluorescent probe is fabricated for recognizing both Hg2+ and Cu2+ ions based on an extraordinary ion-induced H-aggregation.
New Span-PEG-composited Fe3O4-CNT as a multifunctional ultrasound contrast agent for inflammation and thrombotic niduses
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yang Jinzi , Zhang Huiming , Hu Ming , Li Jinjing , Zhang Xiangyu
Published: October 2020

By attaching ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) to drug-carrying carbon nanotubes (CNTs), we generated a new Span-PEG composite with Fe3O4-CNT multifunctional microbubbles for inflammation and thrombus niduses.
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) conjugated with lipase Candida antarctica A for biodiesel synthesis
Authors: Peffi Ferreira Luis Fernando , Mazzi de Oliveira Thayná , Toma Sergio Hiroshi , Toyama Marcos Makoto , Araki Koiti , Avanzi Luis Humberto
Published: October 2020

A newly designed biocatalyst prepared by conjugation of lipase A on SPION demonstrated high efficiency for biodiesel production. The nanomaterial was characterized by FTIR, TGA and XRD, and its enzymatic activity compared with a commercial standard.
Iron oxide and various metal oxide nanotubes engineered by one-pot double galvanic replacement based on reduction potential hierarchy of metal templates and ion precursors
Authors: Paragodaarachchi Aloka , Medvedovsky Steven , Fang Justin , Lau Timothy , Matsui Hiroshi
Published: October 2020

A one-pot double galvanic approach was explored for the rational synthesis of a variety of metal oxide nanotubes from Ag nanowire substrates, predictable based on the reduction potential hierarchy of the templates and ion precursors.
Diastereoselective synthesis of CF3-dihydrobenzofurans by [4+1] annulation of in situ-generated CF3-o-quinone methides and sulfur ylides
Authors: Jha Babli K. , Prudhviraj Jaggaraju , Mainkar Prathama S. , Punna Nagender , Chandrasekhar Srivari
Published: October 2020

The first [4 + 1] annulation reaction of in situ-generated highly electrophilic CF3-ortho-quinone methides with sulphur ylides has been put forth under mild reaction conditions to access CF3-dihydrobenzofurans.
A metabolically engineered spin-labeling approach for studying glycans on cells
Authors: Jaiswal Mohit , Tran Trang T. , Li Qingjiang , Yan Xin , Zhou Mingwei , Kundu Krishnendu , Fanucci Gail E. , Guo Zhongwu
Published: October 2020

Metabolic glycan engineering (MGE) coupled with nitroxide spin-labeling (SL) was utilized to investigate the heterogeneous environment of cell surface glycans in select cancer and normal cells.
Direct synthesis of the organic and Ge free Al containing BOG zeolite (ITQ-47) and its application for transformation of biomass derived molecules
Authors: Huang Qintong , Chen Ningyue , Liu Lichen , Arias Karen S. , Iborra Sara , Yi Xianfeng , Ma Chao , Liang Weichi , Zheng Anmin , Zhang Chuanqi , Hu Jibo , Cai Zilin , Liu Yi , Jiang Jiuxing , Corma Avelino
Published: October 2020

Aluminosilicate boggsite (Si/Al-BOG) has been hydrothermally synthesized without adding organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs) in the synthesis gel using the borosilicogermanium ITQ-47 (Si/B-ITQ-47) zeolite as seeds.
What can reaction databases teach us about Buchwald–Hartwig cross-couplings?
Authors: Fitzner Martin , Wuitschik Georg , Koller Raffael J. , Adam Jean-Michel , Schindler Torsten , Reymond Jean-Louis
Published: October 2020

An analysis of the entire literature on Pd-catalyzed C–N couplings enables data-driven insight and provides recommendations for reaction conditions.
Preparation and characterization of the enol of acetamide: 1-aminoethenol, a high-energy prebiotic molecule
Authors: Mardyukov Artur , Keul Felix , Schreiner Peter R.
Published: October 2020

Amide tautomers, which constitute the higher-energy amide bond linkage, not only are key for a variety of biological but also prebiotic processes.
Novel benzothiazole half-squaraines: model chromophores to study dye–TiO2interactions in dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Holliman Peter J. , Kershaw Christopher P. , Jones Eurig W. , Meza-Rojas Diana , Lewis Anthony , McGettrick James , Geatches Dawn , Sen Kakali , Metz Sebastian , Tizzard Graham J. , Coles Simon J.
Published: October 2020

DFT and AR-XPS have been used to study dye:TiO2orientations is dye-sensitized solar cells using the sulphur atoms in bespoke half-squaraine dyes as atomic labels.
In situformation of a Li–Sn alloy protected layer for inducing lateral growth of dendrites
Authors: Ma Yitian , Wang Lili , Fu Shiyang , Luo Rui , Qu Wenjie , Hu Xin , Chen Renjie , Wu Feng , Li Li
Published: October 2020

A SnO2modified separator prepared by magnetron sputtering guides lateral Li dendrite growth in lithium metal batteries.
Current progress and performance improvement of Pt/C catalysts for fuel cells
Authors: Ren Xuefeng , Wang Yiran , Liu Anmin , Zhang Zhihong , Lv Qianyuan , Liu Bihe
Published: October 2020

Fuel cell is an electrochemical device, which can directly convert the chemical energy of fuel into electric energy, without heat process, not limited by Carnot cycle, high energy conversion efficiency, no noise and pollution.
Enabling stable MnO2 matrix for aqueous zinc-ion battery cathodes
Authors: Jiao Yiding , Kang Liqun , Berry-Gair Jasper , McColl Kit , Li Jianwei , Dong Haobo , Jiang Hao , Wang Ryan , Corà Furio , Brett Dan J. L. , He Guanjie , Parkin Ivan P.
Published: October 2020

The first study on relationship between the cation pre-intercalation amount in MnO2 matrix and electrochemical performances of AZIBs are provided.
Enrichment of cancer-initiating cells from colon cancer cells through porous polymeric membranes by a membrane filtration method
Authors: Sung Tzu-Cheng , Huang Wei-Lun , Ban Lee-Kiat , Lee Henry Hsin-Chung , Wang Jia-Hua , Su Her-Young , Jen Shih Hsi , Chang Yen-Hsiang , Yang Jen-Ming , Higuchi Akon , Ye Qingsong
Published: October 2020

A method to enrich the cancer stem cells of colon cancer cells through porous polymeric membranes is developed.
In search of efficient solubilizing groups for liquid and luminescent oligo(phenylene-thiophene) chromophores
Authors: Luponosov Yuriy N. , Balakirev Dmitry O. , Dyadishchev Ivan V. , Solodukhin Alexander N. , Obrezkova Marina A. , Svidchenko Evgeniya A. , Surin Nikolay M. , Ponomarenko Sergey A.
Published: October 2020

In this work, the synthesis of oligomers having a rigid conjugated 4,4′-bis(2-thienyl)biphenyl fragment end-capped with various types of solubilizing groups (SGs), such as either alkyl or alkylsilyl or alkyl-oligodimethylsiloxane, has been reported.
Functional analysis of a species-specific inhibitor selective for human Na+-coupled citrate transporter (NaCT/SLC13A5/mINDY)
Authors: Higuchi Kei , Kopel Jonathan J. , Sivaprakasam Sathish , Jaramillo-Martinez Valeria , Sutton R. Bryan , Urbatsch Ina L. , Ganapathy Vadivel
Published: October 2020

The Na+-coupled citrate transporter (NaCT/SLC13A5/mINDY) in the liver delivers citrate from the blood into hepatocytes. As citrate is a key metabolite and regulator of multiple biochemical pathways, deletion of Slc13a5 in mice protects against diet-induced obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Silencing the transporter suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, selective blockers of NaCT hold the potential to treat various diseases. Here we report on the characteristics of one such inhibitor, BI01383298. It is known that BI01383298 is a high-affinity inhibitor selective for human NaCT with no effect on mouse NaCT. Here we show that this compound is an irreversible and non-competitive inhibitor of human NaCT, thus describing the first irreversible inhibitor for this transporter. The mouse NaCT is not affected by this compound. The inhibition of human NaCT by BI01383298 is evident for the constitutively expressed transporter in HepG2 cells and for the ectopically expressed human NaCT in HEK293 cells. The IC50 is ∼100 nM, representing the highest potency among the NaCT inhibitors known to date. Exposure of HepG2 cells to this inhibitor results in decreased cell proliferation. We performed molecular modeling of the 3D-structures of human and mouse NaCTs using the crystal structure of a humanized variant of VcINDY as the template, and docking studies to identify the amino acid residues involved in the binding of citrate and BI01383298. These studies provide insight into the probable bases for the differential effects of the inhibitor on human NaCT versus mouse NaCT as well as for the marked species-specific difference in citrate affinity.
Engineered protein switches for exogenous control of gene expression
Authors: Spisak Shaun , Ostermeier Marc
Published: October 2020

There is an ongoing need in the synthetic biology community for novel ways to regulate gene expression. Protein switches, which sense biological inputs and respond with functional outputs, represent one way to meet this need. Despite the fact that there is already a large pool of transcription factors and signaling proteins available, the pool of existing switches lacks the substrate specificities and activities required for certain applications. Therefore, a large number of techniques have been applied to engineer switches with novel properties. Here we discuss some of these techniques by broadly organizing them into three approaches. We show how novel switches can be created through mutagenesis, domain swapping, or domain insertion. We then briefly discuss their use as biosensors and in complex genetic circuits.
Contrôle sensorimoteur de la dimension verticale de la face
Authors: Fougeront Nicolas
Published: October 2020

Les proportions verticales de la face sont acquises à six ans et sont conservées par la suite. Cependant, chez l’adulte où il persiste une croissance résiduelle, la dimension verticale d’occlusion (DVO) augmente légèrement. La posture de repos mandibulaire est le fait de facteurs physiques (viscoélasticité des tissus attenants à la mandibule, espace de Donders) et de contrôles moteurs. L’activité tonique de repos des muscles masticateurs d’origine centrale est modulée par des influx d’origine périphérique et centrale.

La posture de repos varie avec le type facial, le type de respiration (buccale/nasale) et l’augmentation de la DVO. La DVO est finement contrôlée par le système trigéminal, cependant une certaine plasticité des circuits trigéminaux rend possible son augmentation. Cliniquement l’augmentation ou la diminution de la DVO n’est pas responsable de dysfonctionnements de l’appareil manducateur (DAM). Si l’occlusion n’est plus reconnue comme étant responsable de DAM, certains patients présenteraient néanmoins une certaine vulnérabilité provoquée par une modification de l’occlusion. Cette inadaptation serait due à des régulations sensorimotrices déficitaires et/ou à la plus forte prévalence du bruxisme de veille chez ces patients.
Kletterverletzungen der Hand
Authors: Schöffl Volker , Simon Michael , Lutter Christoph
Published: October 2020

Rupturen, Entzündungen, Frakturen: Klettern gehört mittlerweile zum Breitensport. Dadurch nehmen auch Verletzungen und Überlastungserscheinungen zu, die häufig die Hände betreffen. Die Differenzierung der einzelnen Diagnosen ist nicht einfach, eine konservative Therapie oftmals das Mittel der Wahl.
Die traumatische Beugesehnendurchtrennung
Authors: Heitzmann Wolfram A
Published: October 2020

Beugesehnenverletzungen an der Hand sind ein anspruchsvolles Feld für Chirurg und Therapeut: Der Operation muss eine differenzierte Diagnostik vorausgehen. Für die Wahl der Nahttechnik gibt es keinen internationalen Standard. Der Heilungsprozess des bradytrophen Sehnengewebes ist langwierig, und Narbengewebe begünstigt die Bildung von Adhäsionen und Bewegungseinschränkungen.
Ringbandsystem an Langfingern und Daumen
Authors: Fischer Marion
Published: October 2020

Ring- und Kreuzbänder sind Teil der Beugesehnenkanäle, die palmarseitig an Fingern und Daumen liegen und die Beugesehnen führen. Die funktionell wichtigsten Ringbänder liegen über der proximalen und medialen Phalanx. Bei Verletzung der Strukturen kann es zum sogenannten Bogensehneneffekt kommen. Das klinische Bild hängt dabei vom Verletzungsmuster ab.