bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENHANCEMENT RIPPLES OF A DIRECT TORQUE CONTROL APPLIED TO A PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR BY USING A FOUR-LEVEL MULTICELLULAR INVERTER AND A NEW REDUCED SWITCHING TABLE
Authors: MOKHTARI BACHIR
Published: July 2024

The improvement of the direct control of flux and torque (DTC) essentially consists of reducing the ripples encountered at the levels of the torque and the stator magnetic flux. This control technique is widely used in various applications that recently employ the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The improvement techniques are grouped into two large families: those that use multilevel inverters and require an additional cost to the driven system, which is only encouraging if the application covers this cost, and those that offer selection tables. This last solution is advantageous because it does not need any added device. In this paper, we propose to combine the two solutions, using a reduced switching table (RST) compared to the conventional switching table (CST) and using a four-level multicellular inverter (4LMI). This solution brought very satisfactory results by significantly reducing the ripples.
PROJECT MANAGEMENT EXPERT SYSTEM WITH ADVANCED DOCUMENT MANAGEMENT FOR PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS
Authors: IORDACHE CATALIN-ADRIAN , MARIAN CONSTANTIN-VIOREL
Published: July 2024

This paper addresses public institutions' logistical challenges, focusing on project tracking and transparency. One challenging aspect of this endeavor is maintaining a clear and transparent record of ongoing projects while ensuring effective communication with all relevant stakeholders. Using machine learning and a comprehensive set of tools (to eliminate repetitive, time-consuming tasks), institutions can more efficiently manage and track projects with reduced manpower and fewer resources.
MOJO-BASED FUZZY AGGLOMERATIVE CLUSTERING ALGORITHM WITH ED2MT STRATEGY FOR LARGE-SCALE WIRELESS SENSORS NETWORKS
Authors: MYLSAMY DHIPA , APPATHURAI AHILAN , NARAYANAPERUMAL MUTHUKUMARAN , KUPPUSAMY SANGEETHA
Published: July 2024

The wireless sensor network (WSN) is a distributed sensor network that monitors and stores environmental data wirelessly by connecting dispersed sensor nodes. Since wireless sensor nodes rely on batteries for energy, energy consumption, and limitations are considered fundamental problems. A novel multi-objective jellyfish optimization based on energy, degree, distance, mobility, and time parameters (MOJO-ED2MT) technique has been proposed to overcome these challenges. Three phases are involved in the proposed method: selection of cluster heads, compression of data, and routing of the data. In this first phase, a fuzzy agglomerative clustering algorithm is employed to choose an optimal dual cluster head from inter-cluster and intra-cluster. In the second phase, a neighborhood indexing sequence (NIS) algorithm can compress the number of bits in the data before it is transmitted. In the third phase, jellyfish optimization selects the shortest path based on multi-objective parameters. The simulation analysis and result statistics show that the suggested MOJO-E MT approach performs better than the state-of-the-art algorithms across various performance measures. The proposed MOJO-E MT framework achieves 11.5, 15.4 %, and 17.99 % more network lifetime than EOR-iABC, C3HA, and ML-AEFA algorithms.
STUDY ON AUTOMATION PROGRAMMING TO MONITOR AND CONTROL A SCREW ELECTRO-COMPRESSOR
Authors: MITRU ANDREI , ROMAN MIHAELA , COTESCU CORA
Published: July 2024

The article describes the programming architecture of a programmable logic controller (PLC) and an operator panel that is part of an automation cabinet of a screw electro-compressor. Behind the operation of a screw electro-compressor, there is a programming logic presented in the article that is implemented according to the requirements of each project. The article presents all the states of a screw compressor that are implemented in the PLC by a programmer in the form of software sequences. The article depicts the logic diagrams used to facilitate the software implementation process. Following the software implementation in the PLC of the logic diagrams, the article has a second software that contains a series of screens for the operator panel. The operator panel is a touch-screen type and communicates with the PLC through a defined communication protocol displaying the parameter values in real time on the programmed screens. The software developed for the operator panel by a programmer has the role of facilitating a human operator to monitor parameters and transmit commands to the screw electro-compressor. The article ends by presenting the conclusions that argue the efficiency and safety in operation through the presented software concept of a screw electro-compressor.
AN EFFICIENT STUDY OF PV/WIND/BATTERY/ELECTROLYZER/H2-TANK/FC FOR A REMOTE AREA ELECTRIFICATION
Authors: YAHIAOUI ADEL , TLEMÇANI ABDELHALIM
Published: July 2024

With the rapid development of the use of renewable energy systems, it is becoming more and more important to combine different sources into hybrid renewable energy systems. Many parameters in hybrid renewable energy systems must be optimized to effectively size hybrid system components to achieve economic, technical, and design goals practically. This paper focuses on the optimal configuration of off-grid hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES). The system consists of a photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT) and battery bank (BB), fuel cell (FC) with hydrogen tank (H2-tank), and electrolyzer (Elect). The optimal size of the proposed HRES component is achieved using a novel meta-heuristic technique called the whale optimization algorithm (WOA). WOA improves the optimal configuration of HRES to produce the best minimum value of the fitness function, which converges to the global optimal solution after several iterations. The proposed WOA is used to solve the multi-objective optimization problem of the cost of energy (COE) in $/kWh and the total net present cost (TNPC) in $. Two recent algorithms, particle swarm optimization (PSO) and gray wolf optimizer (GWO), have also been implemented in this work to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
MULTI-HOP RELAY SELECTION FOR COOPERATIVE SENSING IN COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS
Authors: VARMA ASHWINI KUMAR , KUMAR BITTU , RAMAKRISHNA AKELLA , MITRA DEBJANI
Published: July 2024

Spectrum sensing is one of the essential blocks of the cognitive radio (CR) system. Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) enhances sensing performance by exchanging information among secondary users (SUs). The paper addresses a situation where some SUs cannot communicate their local information with the fusion center (FC) due to real-time circumstances, i.e., shadowing, large distances, increased signal interference, etc. The issue can be resolved by introducing relay nodes to assist such SUs in transmitting local information to the corresponding destination (FC), making relay selection an essential component on which the system's performance depends. This paper proposes a critical path method (CPM) based multi-hop relay selection technique to select a set of relay nodes combined to form a relay with minimum path loss. The performance of the proposed scheme is compared with that of the existing methodologies to demonstrate its robustness and efficiency in terms of end-to-end path loss and reliability. In addition, a closed-form expression of outage probability is also developed to withstand the results.
PARALLEL PLATFORM CONTROLLER BASED ON ADAPTIVE DIFFERENCE ALGORITHM – PART 1
Authors: WANG RUIYANG , GU QIUXIANG , LU SIYU , TIAN JIAWEI , YIN ZHENGTONG , LI XIAOLU , CHEN XIAOBING , YIN LIRONG , ZHENG WENFENG
Published: July 2024

There are two main approaches to motion control on parallel platforms: joint space control and workspace control. Joint space control is an easy-to-implement semi-closed-loop strategy, but its control effect could be better. The workspace control is to obtain the real-time position of the parallel platform through the forward solution and close the speed and position loop of the parallel platform in the workspace. This paper uses a model predictive controller (MPC) to control the parallel platform with workspace control as the research goal. The loss function is constructed based on the swarm intelligence optimization idea, and the adaptive difference algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of MPC. This part details the research background and the algorithm design process. Then, the MPC algorithm is implemented on the upper computer using C++, and the physical test is implemented. The test results show that the controller has a good control effect on the physical platform.
MODELING OF A PEM FUEL CELL POLARIZATION CURVE BY LOW-ORDER POLYNOMIALS FOR THE OUTPUT POWER CALCULATION ALGORITHMS
Authors: KUZNYETSOV OLEKSIY , BILYAKOVSKYY IHOR
Published: July 2024

The control and energy algorithms that govern the operation of a PEM fuel cell within an energy system must account for the nonlinear phenomena in the cell; it is often captured by the polarization curve. However, the modeling approaches used for simulation studies could be more suitable for the abovementioned algorithms due to their higher computational burden. That leads to the development of simplified approaches. Our study focuses on the algorithms used for the fuel cell output power calculation. Many of them are directed towards the maximum power point operation of the cell. We propose that the fuel cell representation for the algorithms can be used in the low-order polynomial form, thus decreasing the computational load compared to the other approaches. For the maximum power point prediction, we propose using the truncated form of polarization curve input data (ignoring the activation loss region). Our study has demonstrated that based on the same input data and MATLAB curve fitting commands, the 3rd-order polynomial provides the comparable RMSE 3.5…3.9 for the power curve approximation vs. 3.9 for the 5th-order polynomial representation. The value of the maximum PowerPoint is obtained with a 1.3 % relative error with the 2nd-order polynomial using the truncated input data compared to 1.2 % for the 5th-order polynomial representation.
MEDI-NET: CLOUD-BASED FRAMEWORK FOR MEDICAL DATA RETRIEVAL SYSTEM USING DEEP LEARNING
Authors: PALANISAMY SAKTHIVEL , RAMASAMY THANGARAJAN
Published: July 2024

Medical data retrieval is becoming increasingly crucial, aiding physicians and domain experts in more effectively accessing knowledge and information related to medicine and facilitating informed decision-making. The centralized architectures need help with scalability and real-time indexing, leading to extended retrieval times and decreased efficiency. To address these issues, a novel MEdical Data retrieval using Inception resNET (MEDI-NET) has been proposed to retrieve medical data efficiently. The proposed system introduces a deep learning network for a dynamic poly-indexing model and concurrent indexing, ensuring the real-time retrieval of the latest medical records. EMRBots and MIMIC-III are the two datasets used to compare the performance of the proposed MEDI-NET approach with existing MRCG, HCAC-EHR, and FedCBMIR method, which is implemented using Python. The effectiveness of the proposed MEDI-NET approach has been determined using evaluation metrics such as precision, accuracy, recall, F1-score, indexing time, and retrieval time. Comparative analysis with existing methods demonstrates superior precision, accuracy, recall, and F1 score for the proposed method. Additionally, the proposed system exhibits reduced indexing and retrieval times, showcasing its efficiency in handling large-scale medical data. The proposed MEDI-NET approach's accuracy is 0.60 %, 9.87 %, and 21.1 % higher than the existing MRCG, HCAC-EHR, and FedCBMIR techniques, respectively.
VOLTAGE SENSORLESS CONTROL OF FIVE-LEVEL PACKED U-CELL INVERTER BASED ON LYAPUNOV APPROACH FOR GRID-CONNECTED PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM
Authors: HADMER BOUTHEYNA , DRID SAID , KOUZOU ABDALLAH , CHRIFI-ALAOUI LARBI
Published: July 2024

This paper deals with the nonlinear control of a five-level packed U-Cell (PUC5) inverter used in a grid-on photovoltaic (PV) system. The sensorless modulation strategy is adopted to control the switching of the six power switches. This topology generates a five-level output voltage with fewer active and passive components than traditional multilevel inverters. A nonlinear controller was designed to control the grid current using the Lyapunov theorem to ensure the asymptotic stability of the overall system. The proposed control scheme addresses two key challenges: minimizing the injected grid current's total harmonic distortion (THD) while balancing the capacitor voltage at their reference under various operating conditions. The efficiency of the proposed approach was comprehensively evaluated using theoretical analysis, mathematical modeling, and simulation results obtained using MATLAB/Simulink software.
EFFICIENT DSP-BASED REAL-TIME IMPLEMENTATION OF ANFIS REGULATOR FOR SINGLE-PHASE POWER FACTOR CORRECTOR
Authors: LATRECHE SAMIA , BOUAFASSA AMAR , BABES BADREDDINE , AISSA OUALID
Published: July 2024

As a widely used technology, active power factor corrector (A-PFC) circuits face many control challenges, such as nonlinearity and uncertainties. With more and more power electrical appliances that are connected to the utility grid, the A-PFC is for the task of improving the power quality (PQ) to meet the requirement of the international standards, and this results in great challenges for keeping the total harmonic distortion (THD) as long as a power factor in the desired ranges. To this end, this paper focuses on the simulation and real-time implementation of a combined adaptive neural-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and predictive current controller for a single-phase PFC rectifier. The proposed control method has a simple, low-cost structure for better response and robustness. The performance of the proposed control approach was evaluated in real-time based on the dSPACE 1104 digital signal processor for different reference and load conditions. The results obtained from simulation and experimental tests validate the superiority of the proposed approach by evidencing a unity power factor, lower THD, fast dynamic response, and robustness against fast load and output voltage variations.
HYBRID TYPE-1 AND 2 FUZZY SLIDING MODE CONTROL OF THE INDUCTION MOTOR
Authors: ROUABHI RIYADH , HERIZI ABDELGHAFOUR , DJERIOU SALIM , ZEMMIT ABDERRAHIM
Published: July 2024

This paper focuses on developing two innovative induction motor (IM) control techniques. These techniques are based on the hybridization of Lyapunov theory (sliding mode) and artificial intelligence (type 1 and type 2 fuzzy logic). We will then compare these two control techniques to determine which is more robust. This comparative analysis will be based on a series of tests that we have carried out, covering the system's transient and steady-state operations under identical conditions. The first test involves observing the simulation results obtained by applying these control techniques to the motor to control the generated mechanical power. This qualitative comparison enables these controls to be evaluated for and without the application of external variations. The second test quantifies the different control laws based on quantified measurements, highlighting the performance of each technique in terms of error and time. This test is called a quantitative comparison. Finally, the last examination involves altering the machine parameters, as these values naturally experience fluctuations caused by diverse physical phenomena like inductance saturation and heating of the resistors. This comparison enables the robustness of the control techniques to be assessed.
A DECOUPLED MAGNETIC INTEGRATION TECHNIQUE FOR DUAL-FREQUENCY TOPOLOGIES
Authors: GAO SHENGWEI , LI YONGXIAO , ZHANG HAOBO , TIAN JINRUI
Published: July 2024

The dual-frequency converter comprises a high-frequency buck unit and a low-frequency buck unit, which has the advantages of high efficiency and fast dynamic response. But also, the increase of magnetic parts leads to the power density of the converter being greatly reduced; for this problem, this paper proposes a three-section winding method to decouple the two inductors in the converter integrated into a magnetic core, given the integrated magnetic parts structure and establish its gyrator-capacitor model to derive the decoupling conditions. The flux density distribution of the magnetic components is analyzed by finite element simulation software and compared with the existing integration method; this decoupling integration method can make the flux distribution more uniform and improve the core utilization. The results show that the volume and weight are reduced by 31.2 % and 25.3 % compared with those of the separated magnetic parts, and the efficiency is also consistent with that of the separated magnetic parts, which verifies the correctness and feasibility of the theoretical analysis.
DIRECT TORQUE CONTROL WITH SPACE VECTOR MODULATION USING INTERVAL TYPE 2 FUZZY LOGIC REGULATORS OF DUAL STAR INDUCTION MACHINE FED BY TWO THREE-LEVEL NEUTRAL POINT CLAMPED INVERTER
Authors: OUSSAMA MOUSSA , LALLOUANI HELLALI , SAAD BELHAMDI
Published: July 2024

This paper introduces a direct torque control (DTC) method with space vector modulation (SVM) using interval type-2 fuzzy logic regulators for a dual-star induction machine fed by two three-level neutral point clamped inverters. The conventional DTC drive utilizes a pair of hysteresis comparators, which can lead to issues such as high torque ripple and variable switching frequency. As a result, we introduce several alternative methods, including DTC-SVM. We replace the hysteresis comparators with two Proportional-Integral (PI) regulators to enhance DTC performance, which generates the direct and quadrature voltage components in the d-q frame. The intricacy of the control system can make adjusting the PI regulator parameters difficult. To address this challenge, we propose using an interval type-2 fuzzy logic regulator for PI parameter adjustment in this paper. Our simulation results demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of the IT2FLC regulator.
NEW SOLUTION oF HIGH FORCE LINEAR ACTUATOR WITH permanent magnets
Authors: NICOLESCU DRAGOȘ-ȘTEFAN , RADULIAN ALEXANDRU , SĂRĂCIN CRISTINA-GABRIELA , MARICARU MIHAI
Published: July 2024

This paper presents a new design, numerical modeling, and experimental validation of a high-force linear actuator with permanent magnets. The proposed linear actuator solution is designed similarly to a classical electromagnet but is equipped with NdFeB permanent magnets and an auxiliary magnetic circuit. These auxiliary components produce a high static holding force when the actuator functions in one of its main operating positions. Like most linear actuators, the new solution has two operating positions: maximum air gap (open position) and minimum air gap (close position). This article aims to present the novel design, the working principle, and the implementation and experimental results of the actuator. The numerical solution of the actuator was obtained using the FEMM package, in which the electromagnetic parameters were computed. The force produced by the actuator was determined using the LUA script incorporated in FEMM. Numerical integration obtained other mechanical parameters (acceleration, work, and speed) with MATLAB.
VOLTAGE VARIABILITY ASSESSMENT IN POWER SYSTEMS
Authors: BRÎNCOVEANU ANCA-PETRUȚA , PLĂMĂNESCU RADU , DUMITRESCU ANA‑MARIA , ALBU MIHAELA
Published: July 2024

Processes in large energy systems exhibit a high variability due to the stochastic nature of electricity production and use. However, the control of the energy transfer aims to achieve steady state operation, which is mostly described by signals fully identifiable by a finite set of parameters. Part of the control system is the process of information delivered through measurements. In this paper, we analyze the impact of the measurement system deployed for reporting the RMS parameter of the voltage signal on the quality of information in LV distribution networks. The operation of such networks is highly stochastic, and the chosen models based on averaging are not always appropriate; therefore, we propose to apply a statistic metric, i.e., the coefficient of variation of the root mean square deviation CV(RMSD).
Contribution des plateformes collaboratives à l’extension des espaces d’hébergement touristique à Tanger (Maroc) : cas de Airbnb
Authors: BENADDI Abdelaziz , RACHDI Youssef
Published: July 2024

L'hébergement touristique au Maroc subit une transformation importante avec l'émergence des plateformes collaboratives d'hébergement, qui ont révolutionné la manière dont les voyageurs cherchent et réservent leur hébergement. Ces plateformes, telles qu'Airbnb, Booking.com et HomeAway, permettent aux propriétaires de logements de proposer leurs biens en tant qu'hébergement touristique aux voyageurs du monde entier. Tanger, ville située au nord du Maroc, est une destination touristique majeure du pays, attirant chaque année des centaines de milliers de voyageurs à la recherche d'une expérience unique mêlant culture, histoire et plage. Avec l'expansion des plateformes collaboratives d'hébergement, plus précisément Airbnb qui offrent aux voyageurs une alternative aux hébergements touristiques traditionnels, l'organisation de ses espaces d'hébergement touristique est sujette à d'importantes mutations. Dans un premier temps, nous examinons la répartition géographique actuelle de l'offre Airbnb à Tanger pour déterminer si elle influence l'organisation de l'espace touristique en faisant émerger de nouveaux lieux jusque-là peu fréquentés par les touristes et hors du champ d'attention touristique traditionnel. Dans un deuxième temps, nous cherchons à mettre en évidence les porosités avec les formes plus classiques d’hébergement.
Effect of Environmental Dust Pollution (Particulate Matter of Sawdust) on the Histology of the Lungs and Hematological Parameters of Adult Wistar Rats
Authors: Omigie M.I ,   Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences College of Medical Sciences,  University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeri, Iyawe V.I , Aihie E.O. ,   Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences College of Medical Sciences,  University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeri,   Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences College of Medical Sciences,  University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeri
Published: July 2024

Saw dusts are derived from wood during sawing of logs of timber into small sizes, as a small irregular chips or small piece which falls from the cutting edges of the saw blade to the floor during sawing operation, therefore its name. Sawdust is low in density, high in porosity, high in water retention, low in water drainage, high in bacteria forbearance, and has biodegradability at a moderate rate. Saw dust consists of hundreds of compounds such as heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury, antimony, etc.) because it is an organic dust of vegetable derivative and suspended particulate matters that can affect lung development in children and teenagers negatively. This study was done to investigate the effect of environmental dust pollution (particulate matter of sawdust) on Hematological indices and Histology of the lungs of rats. 30 Adult Wistar rats were used for this study. They were grouped into two (exposed and unexposed) of fifteen rats each. The exposed group was placed in the sawmill for 3 months, while the unexposed placed distance away from the sawmill. Analysis carried out includes measurement of Particulate matter of dust, Blood for hematological parameters. Statistical analysis was done using Graph pad prism, Version 5.0. The results were expressed as mean ± SEM and P< 0.05 was considered significant. Experimental site: Particulate matter (PM2.5) Average value =2.290mg/m3 ±0.003, PM (10) Average value =2.185mg/m3±0.04, Control site: (Pure water factory) PM2.5 Average value = 0.013mg/m3±0.0004, PM (10) Average value =0.145mg/m3±0.012. Estimation of neutrophil count were significantly lower (P<0.05) in exposed rats, while, Total white blood cell count, lymphocyte, monocytes, eosinophil, Red blood cell Count, mean cell haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, mean cell volume were significantly increased (P<0.05). Histopathological findings revealed obliterated alveoli spaces, thickened and hyperplasic alveolar wall, vascular congestion and infiltrates of inflammatory cells. In conclusion, sawdust readily pollute the environment, prolonged exposure to it does not only result in lung defect but caused changes in hematological indices mostly negative, as well as histopathological alterations typical of challenges in the immune system. Keywords: Environmental, Dust Pollution, Sawdust, Histology, Lungs and Hematological Parameters
Anti-Arthritic and Antioxidant Efficacy of Ethanol and Aqueous Root Extracts of Olax subscorpioidea in CFA-Induced Arthritic Rats
Authors: Ezeani Nkiru N. ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
Published: July 2024

The traditional use of Olax subscorpioidea root extracts for arthritis management in rural areas, where NSAIDs and biologic drugs are unaffordable, lacks scientific validation. This study aimed to investigate the anti-arthritic and antioxidant properties of ethanol and aqueous root extracts of Olax subscorpioidea Afzel in albino rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis. A total of 135 albino rats were divided into nine groups of 15 rats each. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was induced in groups 2-9 through intradermal injection of 0.1 ml Chicken type II collagen-Complete Freund’s adjuvant in the left hind paw. Starting from day 10 post-induction, the rats were treated with the extracts at doses of 400, 600, and 800 mg/kg body weight for 32 days. Sample analysis was conducted using spectrophotometric methods. Arthritic rats exhibited significantly elevated levels of nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (P<0.05) and reduced levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione, and tocopherol compared to normal control rats. Treatment with Olax subscorpioidea extracts significantly reversed these effects in a time- and dose dependent manner. The efficacy of the extracts was comparable to the standard drug indomethacin (P<0.05). This study provides scientific evidence that ethanol and aqueous root extracts of Olax subscorpioidea possess significant anti-arthritic and antioxidant activities. These extracts potentially enhance antioxidant levels, reduce oxidative stress, and mitigate arthritic conditions, supporting their traditional use and suggesting potential therapeutic applications in rheumatoid arthritis management. Keywords: Anti-arthritic, Antioxidant, Olax subscorpioidea, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Oxidative Stress, Ethanol Extract, Aqueous Extract, Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis
Effects of Rauwolfa vomitoria (Akata) and Olax subscorpioidea (Asaja) Roots on Hematology of Chicken Type II Collagen-Freund’s Adjuvant-induced Rheumatoid Arthritis in Albino Rats
Authors: Ezeani Nkiru N. ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
Published: July 2024

This study evaluated the effects of ethanol and aqueous root extracts of Rauwolfia vomitoria and Olax subscorpioidea on Chicken type II collagen in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant-induced arthritis in albino rats. A total of 225 albino rats, weighing between 120-200 g, were used and divided into 15 groups of 15 rats each. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) was induced by administering 0.1 ml of Chicken type II-Complete Freund’s Adjuvant into the left hind paw. The study duration was 32 days, during which the arthritic rats were treated with Rauwolfia vomitoria and Olax subscorpioidea root extracts at doses of 400 mg, 600 mg, and 800 mg/kg body weight. The sub-lethal toxicity study revealed significant increases (P<0.05) in WBC, platelet, and differential counts, along with significant reductions (P<0.05) in RBC count, PCV, and HB in the adjuvant induced arthritic rats compared to the negative control group. However, treatment with the plant extracts (groups 4-15) significantly reversed these trends towards normal levels compared to the untreated arthritis group (group 2) within the 32-day period. The ameliorative effects of the extracts were both time- and dose dependent (P<0.05). This study concludes that the ethanol and aqueous root extracts of Rauwolfia vomitoria and Olax subscorpioidea effectively ameliorate arthritis symptoms in albino rats, potentially due to the presence of active chemical constituents. These findings provide scientific evidence supporting the therapeutic use of these plant extracts in managing arthritis.
Brain Injuries: A Retrospective Study on the Incidence and Possible Treatment Options of Patients attending Chukwuemeka Odumegu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital Awka, Nigeria
Authors: Ogbo Ovie F. ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, State University of Medical and Allied  Health Sciences, Igbo-Eno, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria, Charles Nwafor C. , Kenechukwu Nwanama E. , jude Epelle U. , Osemeke Bienonwu E. , Ebizimo Preyor , Uche Franklin C. ,   Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Enugu State University College of  Medicine, Parklane, Nigeria.,   3Department of Anatomy, Sancta Maria Catholic College of Nursing Sciences Uzairue, Edo State, Nigeria,   4Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria,   Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Igbinedion University, Okada, Nigeria.,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan,  Nigeria.,   4Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria
Published: July 2024

Brain injury poses a significant public health challenge due to its potential to cause neurodegeneration. The epidemiological patterns of brain injuries vary across different populations. This study aimed to determine the incidence of trauma-related brain lesions, clinical presentations, risk factors, examination modalities, and potential treatment options. Conducted at Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital (COOUTH) in Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria, between January 2022 and June 2023, this study utilized data obtained from the hospital's medical records across various wards. The study variables included age range, gender, season, consciousness level, use of contrast in imaging, type of examination, computed tomography (CT) scan results, and mechanisms of injury. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 22 and presented as percentages in tables. Among the 855 CT scans reviewed, 724 revealed brain lesions, with 298 cases in females and 426 in males. During examination, 73.4% of patients were conscious, and contrast was applied in 19.0% of scans. Traumatic brain lesions were the most frequent (35.2%), followed by vascular lesions (26.9%). The brain's vascular components were predominantly affected (61.4%), particularly the cerebrum (36.4%). This study highlights a significant incidence of brain injuries among patients at COOUTH, underscoring the substantial financial burden on affected families and communities. Keywords: Computed Tomography, Brain Incidence, Brain Lesion
Estimation of Global Solar Radiation in Owerri Nigeria Using Empirical Models
Authors: Iheanyichukwu Chima Abraham ,   Department of Industrial Physics Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Oluchukwu Ogbodo-Osondu , Emeka Nwodo , Chukwuma Ugo  Donald , Chukwuemeka Chikeleze Praise ,   Halmshaw terrace, Bentley, Doncaster, England. United Kingdom,   Department of Industrial Physics Enugu State University of Science and Technology,   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Enugu State University of Science and Technology,   Department of Industrial Physics Enugu State University of Science and Technology
Published: July 2024

In this research, measured meteorological data, empirical models were used to estimate the global solar radiation in Owerri, Nigeria. The global solar radiation data was correlated with the relative sunlight duration, relative humidity, and maximum temperature for Owerri, Nigeria, using Angstrom and Page's linear regression model. Additional multiple linear regression models were produced to examine the relationship between the amount of solar energy received worldwide and other climatic factors, such as the maximum temperature and relative humidity. The Nigerian climatic Agency (NIMET) in Abuja provided the climatic characteristics for this study for the 11-year period between 2011 and 2021. Four statistical error indicators—Mean Bias Error (MBE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Percentage Error (MPE), and t-stat—were used to verify the data' statistical validity. Although certain models correlate more strongly than others, the results demonstrate a strong relationship between the predicted mean worldwide solar radiation and the measured mean global solar radiation using the established models. Based on the t-statistic results, the optimum empirical equation for city was assessed. The best model for Owerri is 𝐻2 = 𝐻𝑂 (−0.496 +0.599 (𝑛𝑁) +0.025(𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥)) with t – stat value of 0.79. The global solar radiation intensity obtained with these models can be used in the design, analysis and performance estimation of solar energy conversion systems which is gradually but steadily gaining ground in Nigeria and the world at large. Keywords: Solar Radiation, Empirical model, Temperature, relative humidity, sunshine hour, Owerri.
Effect of Environmental Dust Pollution (Particulate Matter of Sawdust) on the Serum Heavy Metals of Adult Wistar Rats
Authors: Omigie M.I ,   Department of Physiology, School Of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences,  University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria., Aihie E.O , Odiase D.E ,   Department of Physiology, School Of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences,  University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.,   Department of Physiology, School Of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences,  University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
Published: July 2024

Wood dust is released into the atmosphere during processes of wood sawing, sanding, planning, routing etc and is common with carpenters, sawmillers and furniture making companies. A lot of wastes which include, wood off-cuts, sawdust, plain shavings, wood backs, wood rejects among others are produced in sawmills. Wood dust comprises of suspended particulate matters. These Particulate matters are the deadliest form of air pollutants due to their ability to infiltrate deep into the lung and blood stream. This study was done to investigate the effect of environmental dust pollution (particulate matter of sawdust) on Serum Heavy Metals of Adult Wistar rats exposed to sawdust. 30 Adult Wistar rats were used for this study. They were grouped into two (exposed and unexposed) of fifteen rats each. The exposed group was placed in the Sawmill for 3 months, while the unexposed placed distance away from the Sawmill. Analysis carried out includes measurement of Particulate matter of dust, and Blood for heavy metals. Statistical analysis was done using Graph pad prism, Version 5.0. The results were expressed as mean ± SEM and P<0.05 was considered significant. Experimental site: Particulate matter (PM2.5) Average value =2.290mg/m3 ±0.003, PM (10) Average value = 2.185mg/m3 ±0.04, Control site: (Pure water factory) PM2.5 Average value = 0.013mg/m3 ±0.0004, PM(10) Average value= 0.145mg/m3 ±0.012; Serum cadmium, lead and chromium level were significantly increased (P<0.05). In conclusion, sawdust’s particulate matter readily pollute the environment, prolonged exposure to it increases serum level of heavy metals.
Catalyzing Financing and Management of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem for Successful Business Incubators and Accelerators in Tanzania Higher Learning Institutions
Authors: Maganya Mnaku Honest , Munisi Hawa
Published: July 2024

Business incubators and accelerators are support mechanisms for the rapid growth of SMEs and start-ups. The general objective of the study was to explore effective strategies for establishing and governing innovation hubs to support entrepreneurs, SMEs, and start-up growth in Tanzania. Using a descriptive research design to collect primary data, the study used non-probability technique to select a sample of 50 incubators and accelerators from research-based institutes engaging in innovation and entrepreneurial activities in the country. The study findings indicate that 92.5 percent of surveyed business incubators believe lack of innovation and creativity as the major challenges in managing business incubators. Moreover, about 50 percent of surveyed business incubators use social media in marketing products produced by enterprises residing in the programme, this happens to be their main marketing strategy. Various plans have been presented by business incubators in resource mobilization, clear organizational goals and objectives scores the highest in terms of resource mobilization plans. The findings and theoretical propositions offered in this research have key implications for the theory, practice, and policy of incubators and accelerators as enablers of entrepreneurship in developing countries.
Development of Biometric User Identification and Access Control System
Authors: Iyen Cookey , Jacob Abel , Oluwasegun Ayoola
Published: July 2024

Safeguarding digital and physical premises against unauthorized entry is increasingly crucial in an era characterized by fast technological advancements and escalating security risks. Biometric security devices for controlling entry employ distinct form and behavioral attributes to authenticate persons and regulate access, hence offering innovative solutions. This paper offers a comprehensive review of the utilization of fingerprint recognition methods in the creation of an entry authorization device with biometrics. The material and methods section provides a detailed description of the hardware components used, including the Arduino UNO and fingerprint scanner module (SM 630), as well as an in-depth explanation of the construction process and performance evaluation. The text provides detailed explanations of the registration and operating methods, specifically emphasizing the gathering of biometric information, generation of templates, user registration, and the decision-making processes for controlling entry. This paper advocates for the utilization of fingerprint authentication for access control technology as crucial tool for improving safety and mitigating risks in different operational environments. It recommends a systematic approach that involves preparation, construction, testing, deployment, and future planning.
Occupational Stress of University Lecturers
Authors: Cuc Doan Thi , Tran Minh Hang , Tu Tran Minh
Published: July 2024

Occupational stress ranks as the foremost type of stress among adults. University faculty members experience occupational stress through negative emotions such as tension, anxiety, anger, and depression, all stemming from their teaching duties. Here, stress is understood as adverse, objective impacts that create both material and psychological challenges for faculty members. Using methods of analysis, classification, and synthesis of theories, this study provides an overview of the research history and elucidates the concept and classification of occupational stress among university faculty. The findings of this research serve as a foundation for policymakers in university administration.
Common Pronunciation Errors Among Non-English Major Students at Tan Trao University
Authors: Hue Bui Thi Hoang , Lan Tran Thi Thuy
Published: July 2024

Effective communication hinges not only on vocabulary and grammar but also on pronunciation. Despite its importance, non-linguistics majors at Tân Trào University often struggle with pronunciation, impeding their ability to convey ideas clearly and confidently. This study delves into the prevalent pronunciation errors encountered by students at Tân Trào University, aiming to dissect the root causes behind these challenges. By pinpointing these errors and understanding their underlying factors, educators can devise targeted interventions to enhance students' pronunciation proficiency.
Through an extensive examination of common pronunciation mistakes, this research endeavors to uncover patterns and trends that shed light on the specific areas where students face the most difficulty. By identifying these challenges, educators can tailor instructional strategies to address them effectively, fostering a learning environment conducive to linguistic growth. Additionally, understanding the unique linguistic hurdles faced by non-linguistics majors at Tân Trào University can inform curriculum development and pedagogical approaches to better support students in their language learning journey.
Ultimately, this study seeks to not only diagnose the pronunciation issues prevalent among students but also to propose practical solutions and strategies for improvement. By bridging the gap between theory and practice, this research aims to empower students with the linguistic skills necessary for effective communication in both academic and professional settings.
Applying Case Study Method in Teaching Financial Accounting at Tan Trao University
Authors: Nghia Pham Trung
Published: July 2024

This study explores the application of the case study method in teaching financial accounting at Tan Trao University. The case study approach, recognized for its effectiveness in fostering critical thinking and practical problem-solving skills, aligns with the dynamic and complex nature of financial accounting. By engaging students in real-world scenarios, this method bridges the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application, enhancing the learning experience. Through qualitative analysis and feedback from students and faculty, the research highlights the benefits and challenges of integrating case studies into the curriculum. The findings suggest that the case study method not only improves comprehension and retention of accounting principles but also prepares students for the professional demands of the accounting industry. This paper advocates for the broader adoption of case studies in accounting education, proposing strategic implementations to maximize their educational impact.
Research on Medicinal Plant Resources in Cham Chu Nature Reserve, Yen Thuan Commune, Ham Yen District, Tuyen Quang Province
Authors: Ba Do Cong
Published: July 2024

Our investigation has documented 400 medicinal plant species belonging to 309 genera and 117 families across five divisions of vascular plants. The life form composition of plants in the study area comprises five groups. The group with the least number of species is the chamaephytes, with 27 species (6.75%), followed by the therophytes with 35 species (8.75%), cryptophytes with 41 species (10.25%), hemicryptophytes with 45 species (11.25%), and the phanerophytes with the highest number of species at 252 (63.00%). The geographical elements have been determined for 390 species (97.50%), while 10 species (2.50%) remain undetermined. In the study area, 18 medicinal plant species (4.5%) have been identified as threatened and in need of conservation. Among these, 15 species (83.33%) require protection according to the Vietnam Red Book; 5 species (27.78%) are listed under Government Decree 06/2019/NĐ-CP; and 5 species (27.78%) are listed in the 2007 Vietnam Red List of Medicinal Plants. Currently, the medicinal plant resources in the study area are being exploited by local inhabitants and are at risk of depletion if conservation policies and measures are not implemented.
Assessing the Antibacterial Activity of Plantago major Leaf Petroleum Ether Extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Different Sources
Authors: Monawer Alaa' Turki
Published: July 2024

The use of herbal extracts is becoming more popular as a result of the rise in bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics. The benefits of Plantago major as traditional medicines have been acknowledged globally for years because of its medicinal properties. P. major leaf has been widely known for its efficacy in wound healing and also has antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Four hundred and eight samples (ear, urine, and sputum) were collected from patients who attended the main hospitals in Duhok city    during the period from May 2022 to February 2023. Bacterial identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility were tested using the traditional methods and confirmed by VITEK 2 compact system. For the prevalence of P. aeruginosa, 87 isolates were isolated from 408 samples including, ear 39 (9.55%), urine 27(6.61%), and sputum 21(5.14%). Regarding antibiotic-resistant pattern, resistance was noticed to chloramphenicol, nitrofurantoin, cefixime, piperacillin, cefepime, and ceftazidime 100% for all isolates. Analysis of P. major plant components was done by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry detected 11 bioactive compounds in petroleum ether extract, and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry revealed that pectin found in petroleum ether extracts. For the extraction of P. major leaves petroleum ether were used as solvents using soxhlet, then the extract obtained were evaporated in a rotary evaporator. The antibacterial activity of P. major leaves was assessed by petroleum extract in serial dilutions of 100, 75, 50, 25, and 12.5 % and disc diffusion assay. A remarkable results were obtained, P. major leaves petroleum ether had the antimicrobial effects on P. aeruginosa growth with the inhibition zone diameter ranging from (1.93-9.63) mm. In conclusion, the present study highlighted that P. major leaves showed good antibacterial activity for the selected extract that can be used as a treatment for P. aeruginosa infections. Hence, herbal extracts could be used as a combination.
Effect of Paclobutrazol on the Reproductive System of Semperula maculata
Authors: Shinde Asmita A. , Lokhande Ketki K. , Gharge Nisha R. , Tendulkar Saniya S. , Kamble Nitin A.
Published: July 2024

Among all the biological processes in the living organisms, reproduction is a important life process for survival and continuation of every race and species on the earth. Present study was designed to investigate the effect of Paclobutrazol on the reproductive system of terrestrial slug Semperula maculata. The animals were exposed for pre-determined median lethal concentration (3362.15 ppm) of Paclobutrazol upto 96 hours. Histological and biochemical estimation especially protein content from selected reproductive organs were carried out against effective dose of PBZ. Obtained results were interpreted for reproduction and potency.