bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AML's Hidden Footprint: Autopsy Pathology Uncovers Extensive Extramedullary Involvement
Authors:   Senior Resident, Department of Pathology, Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru 560054, Karnataka, India., A Umarji Seema , Hegde Akanksha ,   Postgraduate, Department of Pathology, Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru 560054, Karnataka, India., Radhakrishnan Nidhi ,   Postgraduate, Department of Pathology, Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru 560054, Karnataka, India., HM Sudha ,   Professor, Department of Pathology, Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru 560054, Karnataka, India.
Published: September 2024

BACKground: Extramedullary Involvement (EMI) in acute leukemia refers to the infiltration of leukemic cells into organs or tissues outside of the blood or bone marrow compartments. This phenomenon manifests in various locations such as the skin, bones, and lymph nodes. CAse report: We present an uncommon occurrence involving a 46-year-old male, wherein extensive myeloid infiltrates were identified during autopsy examination. literAture review: EMI is believed to manifest in approximately 3-8% of adults diagnosed with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML).1 CliniCAl relevAnCe: It highlights the diagnostic complexity of AML and emphasizes the need for meticulous gross and microscopic examination during autopsy with clinicopathological correlation and utilization of special tests like immunohistochemistry in diagnosing such rare entities.
An Insight into Experiences of Forensic Expert and Pathologist on Prostrate Degeneration with Post Mortem Interval in Human Cadavers
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, ACSR Government Medical College, Nellore 524004,Andhra Pradesh, India,, Venkateswarlu Mopuri , Kalavathi C. Lakshmi ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, ACSR Government Medical College, Nellore 524004, Andhra Pradesh, India,, Rupesh  Kattamreddy Ananth ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam 530002, Andhra Pradesh, India,, Ravula Arun ,   Postgraduate, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, ACSR Government Medical College, Nellore 524004, Andhra Pradesh, India., Ahamed S Zunaid Ali ,   Postgraduate, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, ACSR Government Medical College, Nellore 524004, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Published: September 2024

BACKground: Estimating postmortem interval is effective forensic tool for investigating time of death useful in criminology. Many gross, microscopic and molecular methods available for estimating postmortem interval. Human prostate is last soft tissue organ to degenerate in human cadavers and its histopathology in cadavers can be used for estimation of post mortem interval. Studies reported Histopathologies of different organs to estimate postmortem intervals for purpose of calculating time since death. In our study we tried to observe Post mortem interval estimation in human cadavers with Histopathological changes in Prostrate. oBjeCtives: To estimate postmortem interval from Histopathological examination of prostate in human cadavers and identify Histopathological changes in human prostate in relation to time since death. methodology: Prostate from cadavers registered for autopsy in our institute were examined grossly along with histopathology as per criteria laid down for sampling. results: Histopathological sections from total of 36 human cadavers were studied. Changes like epithelial disruption of acini, nuclear changes, inflammatory cell collection in stroma, fatty degeneration and sequential necrotic changes were reported in relation to time since death. Earliest degeneration changes in prostrate acini began at 6 hours postmortem and changes in stroma began at 12 hours. First atrophic changes in acini began at 19 hours postmortem and continued to progress till 3 days after which identification of any glandular or stromal tissue became extremely difficult. ConClusion: Significant changes in Prostrate were documented between 6 hours and 72 hours postmortem. Changes in human prostate can be used for estimating postmortem interval.
MccSTN: Attention and Multiscale Contrast Based Style Transfer of Artistic Images
Authors: Zou Jingjing , zhao honggang
Published: September 2024

In the realm of image processing today, creative image alteration plays a significant role. Recent work on the subject of style transfer has employed attention processes to access the aesthetic-artistic expression of style images. This method converts style images into tokens by first determining the level of attention and then using a decoder to transfer the image’s artistic style. Nevertheless, this leads to the discarding of many fine-grained style elements because of the extremely low semantic similarity between the original image and the style image. Discordant or blatant artifacts may result from this. We suggest MccSTN, a novel framework for style representation and transfer that may be tailored to work with current arbitrary picture style transfers, as a solution to this issue. To be more precise, we first present the Mccformer feature fusion module, which fuses fine-grained features from content photos with aesthetic characteristics from style images. Mccformer is used to obtain feature maps. The desired image is subsequently obtained by feeding the feature map into the decoder. We take into account the relationship between individual styles and the general style distribution in order to lighten the model and train it quickly. We describe a multi-scale augmented contrast module that uses a vast number of image pairs to learn style representations. Code will be posted on https://github.com/haizhu12/MccSTN
The Metaverse: An Appropriate Setting for Mental Health Care?
Authors: Gloeckler Sophie , Ford TJ , Biller-Andorno Nikola
Published: September 2024

Background: Metaverse-based mental health services may be poised to increase access and augment treatment; doing so ethically requires anticipating risks and actively shaping how this emerging setting supports care. With limited means to directly evaluate the Metaverse’s potential role in the provision of appropriate mental health care, there is value in conceptual expert input. Methods: The aim of the present Delphi study was to gather global academic experts to explore where opinions converged and diverged regarding three foundational topics: 1) A working definition of the Metaverse; 2) A conception of appropriate care in the Metaverse that identifies key potential challenges; and 3) Conditions that may help align mental health offerings in the Metaverse with tenets of appropriate care. The study was carried out in an e-Delphi format – asynchronously online – in three rounds with statements divided according to the study aims. Panelists rated agreement with statements, suggested modifications, provided commentary on their position, suggested additional statements, and reviewed panelist-generated statements. Results: The 14 panelists, identified through literature review, represented top universities and cutting-edge research labs in the field. Of the 27 original statements, all reached consensus by Round Three. 27 new statements were generated based on panel suggestion, of which 20 reached consensus. Panelists produced a working definition of the Metaverse, exhibited clarity regarding the possible suitability of the Metaverse as a setting for appropriate mental health care, identified challenges to providing such care, and identified interventions that may meaningfully address Metaverse-specific care concerns. Conclusion: Additional research building on the identified issues and solutions is needed to responsibly shape the form and content of both future mental health offerings and the Metaverse itself. Next steps should involve service users to voice their perspective; clinicians to shape best clinical practice; and policymakers to build upon the suggested regulatory measures.
Synthetic data in Multiple Sclerosis: replicating the results of a clinical trial with artificially generated data.
Authors: Carmisciano Luca , Montobbio Noemi , Signori Alessio , Sedel Frederic , Cree Bruce A. C. , Sormani Maria Pia
Published: September 2024

Background
Collecting high quality, patient level data demands significant efforts and resources. A potential solution, well-suited for exploratory hypothesis testing, gathering evidence, and assessing the heterogeneity and generalizability of estimates, is the usage of synthetic data. Synthetic data are newly generated data from real, original data. They share a fundamental set of statistical properties, which is sufficient to replicate statistical analysis findings. Aim of this work is to explore the feasibility of obtaining clinically relevant insights from analyses on synthetic data.
Methods
We used baseline characteristics and follow-up data from the 641 subjects with progressive multiple sclerosis enrolled in the SPI2 randomized controlled clinical trial evaluating the effect of high dose biotin on disability improvement. We used four strategies (noise addition, chains of conditional distributions, multivariate modeling, and generative adversarial networks) to generate artificial data from the original SPI2 data. We simulated six research scenarios with different methodology, complexity, and data usage level. For each strategy we generated multiple samples and averaged the results of each scenario. Then, we compared synthetic-data-analysis results with original-data-analysis results by standardized mean difference (SMD) and percentage of confidence interval overlap (CIO). All the Python and R code used to produce these findings is available and public.
Results
Median SMD was 0.73 with inter-quartile range from 0.28 to 2.25. Median CIO was 77.3% with inter-quartile range from 46.4–89.2%. Bias direction was an underestimate 66.7% of the times (16/24) but largely differed accordingly to the research scenario. In 75% of the cases (18/24) the formal test of the null hypothesis of the corresponding scenario on synthetic data offered the same answer of the original data.
Conclusion
Although the selected synthesis approaches may not be exhaustive or state-of-the-art, and methods were minimally optimized, it is feasible to obtain clinically relevant insights from synthetic data, particularly for exploratory purposes, albeit with certain caveats. Assessing the quality of synthetic data before initiating any analysis is crucial. While a consistent underestimation of an association may occur, the bias inconsistency by synthesis strategy implies that a combination of these methods could enhance future synthetic generation strategies.
Gis Based Groundwater Potential Assessment in Lower Omo Valley Sub-basin፡ in the Case of Selamago Woreda, Ethiopia
Authors: Mogiso Tamene Mojira , Tadewos Yohannes
Published: September 2024

Water is the pillar of socio-economic activity and environmental functions. Groundwater is the most important natural resource found beneath the earth‘s surface. A systematic evaluation of groundwater is essential for the proper utilization and management. This study is mainly aimed at identifying and mapping the groundwater potential zones of the lower Omo sub-basin in the case of Selamago Woreda. ArcGIS overlay analysis was conducted to obtain the groundwater potential zone map. A total of nine thematic layers were used in Arc GIS, including geology, slope, rainfall, lineament density, geomorphology, soil, land use land cover, drainage density, and elevation used for overlay analysis. Weights were assigned for each thematic layer, and then each thematic layer was compared using the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) tool. The identified factors affecting groundwater potential were geology (27%), slope (21%), rainfall (14%), geomorphology (10%), lineament density (9%), soil (5%), land use land cover (5%), drainage density (5%), and digital elevation model (4%). The first four thematic layers were the most influencing parameters of groundwater in the study area. There were five groundwater potential zones identified and mapped in the study area: very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. The high potential zones correspond to alluvial plains, lacustrine sediments, fracture valleys, and valley fills, which coincide with the low slope and high lineaments density areas. The low zones mainly comprise structural hills and an escarpment. Compared with an independent set of groundwater point data (existing drilled wells), the qualitative results partially validate the result. The validation analysis showed a good agreement between the observed well data and groundwater potential zone map. Therefore, this research demonstrates that GIS and remote sensing techniques are an efficient and robust method for delineating and mapping groundwater potential zones. This groundwater potential information will be useful for water resources management in the study area
Evidence-based Practice Attitude Scale for Latinx mental health professionals: A novel application of confirmatory factor analysis
Authors: Giraldo-Santiago Natalia , Hernández Julian M. , McNeish Daniel , Gearing Robin E. , Aarons Gregory A.
Published: September 2024

Background The Evidence-Based Practice Attitude Scale (EBPAS) is a widely used measurement tool to assess mental health providers’ attitudes toward adopting research-based interventions. To date, this scale has yet to be used or validated among mental health professionals in Latin America. This study investigated the factor structure, psychometric properties, cross-cultural validity, and model fit of the EBPAS in an interdisciplinary sample of social workers, counselors, and psychologists. Methods The original 15-item EBPAS scale was administered to a sample (N = 237) of Puerto Rican mental health professionals (e.g., social workers, counselors, and psychologists) working in diverse settings, such as schools, clinics, and community settings, child protection and welfare services, etc. The EBPAS’s scores are derived from four distinct constructs involving willingness to adopt EBPs (i.e., requirements, openness to innovation, appeal, and divergence from research). A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to examine the psychometric properties of the EBPAS scale. Several first and second-order factor models were specified. A global and approximate fit examination of the measurement model and composite reliability estimation for each subscale was conducted. RStudio version 4.3.1 software was used for the CFA. Results The CFA supported a first-order factor model. Most subscales were found to have strong reliability coefficients ranging between 0.83 and 0.91, except for the divergence subscale. After allowing for covariance between two items in the appeal dimension, the correlated factor model was found to adequately fit the data, although some misspecification was observed. Conclusions The EBPAS-15 has adequate psychometric properties in a Latinx sample of mental health professionals, suggesting that the factor structure and reliability may be useful in a Spanish-speaking and Caribbean sample of mental health professionals working in a variety of settings and contexts. Findings contribute to the scant literature on culturally validated measures examining attitudes toward EBPs in Latin America.
The Relationship between 100% Fruit Juice Consumption and Myopia in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on NHANES
Authors: Chu Zhang , Xianglei Chen , Liu Yong , Hui Wang
Published: September 2024

Objective
Given the increasing prevalence of myopia among the youth worldwide and the complex, unclear pathogenic mechanisms, this study delves into the potential connection between 100% fruit juice consumption and the risk of myopia. It aims to provide crucial scientific evidence for effective myopia prevention strategies, thus safeguarding visual health in this demographic.
Methods
This cross-sectional observational study is based on data from the 2003–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in the United States. We included 906 adolescents and young adults, aged 12 to 25, who completed a non-cycloplegic vision examination. Participants were categorized into three groups based on their 100% fruit juice consumption: "never," "moderate," and "high" consumption groups. Using multivariable logistic regression models and adjusting for potential confounders such as age, gender, height, birthplace, family income, education level, race, and body mass index (BMI), we analyzed the association between 100% fruit juice consumption and the risk of myopia.
Results
Adjusted multivariate analysis revealed that both moderate and high consumption of 100% fruit juice were significantly associated with an increased risk of myopia (P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis indicated that this association was particularly significant among males and the 12–17 age group (P < 0.05). Additionally, interaction analysis suggested that birthplace, BMI, and race might be important moderators in the relationship between 100% fruit juice consumption and myopia risk (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
This study demonstrates a significant association between 100% fruit juice consumption and an increased risk of myopia in adolescents and young adults, with this link being more pronounced in specific populations such as males and younger age groups. These findings provide essential evidence for developing myopia prevention strategies, highlighting the impact of dietary factors on visual health and the necessity of targeted interventions for high-risk groups. The results underscore the importance of incorporating dietary guidance into comprehensive myopia prevention strategies.
Effects of ferulic acid and senkyunolide A on cytochrome P450 isoforms activity in rats in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Qin Mengnan , Shi Xuepeng , Wei Lin , Sun Jiahui , Shao Bing , Yang Chunjuan , Li Qian , Liu Gaofeng
Published: September 2024

Background and Objectives：Chuanxiong Rhizoma is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Ferulic acid and senkyunolide A are active compounds of Chuanxiong Rhizoma. The possibility of a drug-drug interaction mediated by cytochrome P450 resulting from ferulic acid and senkyunolide A has not been investigated.This study aims to explore the effects of ferulic acid and senkyunolide A on CYP1A2, CYP2C11, CYP2D1, and CYP3A1/2 activities in rats both in vitro and in vivo.
Methods: In the in vivo study, rats were administered probe drugs of the four isoforms including caffeine, tolbutamide, metoprolol, and dapsone. Blood samples were collected at setting times and determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). In the in vitrostudy, probe drugs phenacetin, tolbutamide, dextromethorphan, and testosterone were used for incubation with rat liver microsomes, and their metabolites were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Results: In the in vivo study, both ferulic acid and Senkyunolide A accelerated the metabolism of dapsone but had no significant effect on other probe drugs. In the rat liver microsome incubation system in vitro, the concentrations of 6β-hydroxytestosterone in the ferulic acid-treated group and senkyunolide A-treated group were higher than those in the control group respectively, but the concentrations of other metabolites were not significantly changed.
Discussion and conclusions: Both the in vivo and in vitro results demonstrated that ferulic acid and senkyunolide A can increase the activity of CYP3A1/2, but do not significantly affect the activities of CYP1A2, CYP2C11, and CYP2D1 in rats. This suggests that traditional Chinese medicine containing ferulic acid and senkyunolide A may decrease the curative effects of the drugs metabolized by CYP3A4 in humans.
Impact of Gonadotrophin Dose Used on Ovarian Stimulation for IVF on Embryo Ploidy Status
Authors: Schuffner Alessandro , Schuffner Gabriela , Francisquini Camila Dutra De Souza , Carneiro Matheus Campos , Kozlowski Isadora Ferreira , Giacomin Samara Artuso , Rosa Vinicius Bonato Da
Published: September 2024

Purpose
Does the amount of gonadotrophin used during an IVF cycle affect the the number of euploid embryos by patients of different ages?
Methods
A descriptive, retrospective, observational study with 245 patients divided in two experimental groups considering the total gonadotropin dose used (≤ 3000 IU n = 150 or > 3000 IU n = 45).
Results
Patients from group ≤ 3000 IU had a shorter stimulation period, higher number of follicles, oocytes and MII retrieved, zygotes, number of blastocysts and euploid blastocysts. Regarding the kind of protocol, patients in rFSH-only group were younger, with more follicles, total and MII retrieved oocytes, zygotes, number of blastocysts and euploid blastocysts. When evaluating infertility diagnosis, the number of follicles, total and MII retrieved oocytes and zygotes were greater in the male factor group and unexplained factor compared to female plus male and mainly with female factor group. Moreover, the number of euploid blastocysts was greater in the unexplained factor group, and the female plus male group showed the lowest euploidy. A positive correlation was found between IVF outcomes and euploidy. A negative correlation was observed between embryo euploidy and maternal age and gonadotropin dose.
Conclusions
Lower doses of gonadotropin are more likely to produce more euploid blastocysts when comparing to higher dose group. The use of rFSH is related to younger patients and more euploid embryos. When female factor is present there was lower euploidy. It was also observed a positive correlation between embryo production and euploidy.
The extract of Hypoxylon spp. Sj18 kills the pinewood nematode through nematode-associated bacteria
Authors: qi quanying , Jin Qunying , Peng Huazheng , Ye Hualin , Zhu Tangjun , Liu Xifan , Liu Xinyue
Published: September 2024

Pine wilt disease, caused by the pinewood nematode (PWN), is a highly contagious and serious coniferous tree disease worldwide, resulting in considerable economic and environmental losses. Chemical insecticides are effective, but they lead to drug resistance and environmental pollution, which makes them inadvisable for widespread use by spraying. The extract of Hypoxylon spp. Sj18 (a fungus genus) demonstrated strong nematicidal effects on PWN in the laboratory, resulting in more than 96% nematode mortality within eight hours. Effective nematicidal compounds A and B were separated from the water extract of the Sj18 dry powder by resin, activated carbon and Sephadex. A+B had no significant nematicidal effect in the presence of antibiotic or when used for aseptic PWN, suggesting that it works through PWN-associated bacteria. The nematicidal effect of A+B on different PWN-associated strains revealed that Serratia marcescens, was an important vector strain for killing PWN. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and subsequent experiments revealed that the molecular formula of A was C19H44N19O12S2 and contained peptide bond. In addition, B proved to be maltose.
Association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of incident diabetes in the prediabetic and the normoglycemic Japanese men: A population-base longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Xuan Xiuping , Kong Lijuan , Hu Qian , Zhou Lan , Zhu Hai , Okamura Takuro , Hashimoto Yoshitaka , Obora Akihiro , Kojima Takao , Fukui Michiaki , Hamaguchi Masahide , Liao Jixiang , Zhang Jie , Huang Song , He Songqing , Xie Xuemei
Published: September 2024

Background
While many studies indicate a negative correlation between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and the occurrence of diabetes, there are still some inconsistent findings. The contentious relationship between the two may be partially due to the undistingushement between the pre-diabetic and the normoglycemic participants in the previous studies, which may confound the association. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the baseline HDL-C and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a Japanese cohort with normoglycemia or with prediabetes, respectively.
Method
In total, 10120 men (6791 with normoglycemia and 3329 with prediabetes) were enrolled from the NAGALA cohort from Jan 5th, 2004 to Dec 26th, 2015. Cox proportional hazards models were conducted to explore the association between baseline HDL-C levels and incident T2DM. A two-piecewise linear regression model was performed to evaluate the threshold effect of the baseline HDL-C concentration on T2DM incidence by using a smoothing function.
Results
During the median 5.95-year follow-up duration for participants with normoglycemia and 4.33-year follow-up period for prediabetes, 88 participantes with normoglycemia and 494 participantes with prediabetes developed T2DM. In the crude model and partly adjusted model, the risk of T2DM decreased significantly in both normoglycemia and prediabetes with increment in baseline HDL-C concentration. Howerver, the associations became nonsignificant after fully adjusting for possible confounders. Interestingly, in prediabetes, an L-shaped relationship between baseline HDL-C and risk of incident T2DM with a threshold HDL-C concentration of 32.4mg/dl was determined: the T2DM risk sharply decreased by 62% with the each 10mg/dl increment in HDL-C levels (HR = 0.377, 95%CI = 0.191–0.743) and the decline reaches a near plateau when the HDL-C concentration is higher than 32.4 mg/dl (HR = 0.986, 95%CI = 0.895–1.085).
Conclusions
Among a Japanese male population, an L-shape relationship between baseline HDL-C concentration and the risk of incident T2DM was explored in prediabetes, while no significant association was detected in men with normoglycemia.
The prognostic value of combined CBC and immune cell profiles in patients with multiple myeloma treated with PAD sequential transplantation
Authors: Zhang Jiang , Chen Yao , Chen Yaoming , Hong Mengzhi , Chen Peisong , Li Junxun , Ouyang Juan
Published: September 2024

Objective: Our study aimed to analyze the measurable residual disease (MRD), complete blood count (CBC), and immune cell profiles in multiple myeloma (MM) patients treated with bortezomib /adriamycin /dexamethasone (PAD) chemotherapy sequential autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) to determine their prognostic value and their interaction.
Methods: CBC data from 93 MM patients were collected at diagnosis, before ASCT, and 3 months after ASCT. Immune cell profiles were detected by flow cytometry in fresh peripheral blood (PB) samples from 33 out of the 93 enrolled patients before ASCT and 3 months after ASCT. We then studied the relationship between MRD status and prognosis, the predictive value of CBC, and the changes in immune cell profiles before and after ASCT in multiple myeloma patients and their association with prognosis.
Results: Early MRD-negative patients after ASCT had significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) (median PFS was 36 months and 25 months, respectively, P < 0.05) and overall survival (OS) (median OS was 39 months and 33 months, respectively, P < 0.05) than MRD-positive patients. Three independent prognostic factors, neutrophil count (NEU), platelet count (PLT), and lymphocyte monocyte ratio (LMR) at diagnosis, were identified in our study group by LASSO regression. For the immune cell profiles, before ASCT, the negative immunomodulatory cell subsets (CD4/CD8 double-negative T cells (DNTs), regulatory T cells (Tregs), CD16+ CD56high NK cells), PD1+ CD4+ central memory T cells (PD1+T4CM), HLA-DR+ CD8+T cells were lower in MRD-negative or disease control patients than in MRD-positive or progressive disease patients (P < 0.05). Otherwise, naive CD8+ T Cells (T8N) and CD28+ CD27+ naive CD8+T Cells (CD28+ CD27+ T8N) were higher in MRD-negative or disease control patients than in MRD-positive or progressive disease patients (P < 0.05). After ASCT, the levels of lymphocytes, marginal zone B cells, γδ T cells, and the ratio of (naive T cells plus central memory T cells to effector memory T cells plus effector T cells) were higher in disease control patients than in patients with progressive disease (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: CBC, MRD, and immune cell profile detection before and after ASCT have significant prognostic value in MM patients. Lower levels of NEU or PLT, higher levels of LMR at diagnosis, and a higher number of negative immunomodulatory cell subsets and activated T lymphocytes before ASCT were associated with poor prognosis. On the other hand, lower levels of depleted T lymphocytes, and higher levels of functional T cells and marginal zone B cells after ASCT predicted a good prognosis.
Real-time GNSS multi-system multi-frequency kinematic baseline solution method and accuracy analysis
Authors: Liu Weiping , Jiao Bo , Lv Zhiwei , Liu Zhiheng , Xie Jiantao , Liu Jing
Published: September 2024

To address the need for real-time solutions when handling kinematic baselines using multi-system and multi-frequency data, where both the rover and reference stations are in motion, we propose a novel non-combined double-difference approach based on extended Kalman filtering. By employing single-difference ambiguity conversion, this approach achieves ambiguity resolution and avoids the frequent alteration of reference satellites in kinematic baselines. Analysis of actual measurement data demonstrates that within a 20 km baseline length range, this algorithm achieves real-time horizontal and vertical baseline accuracies of approximately 1 cm and 2 cm, respectively. The success rate of ambiguity resolution nears 100%, surpassing conventional ionospheric-free double-difference models. Furthermore, as more systems and frequencies are introduced, this proposed method consistently provides superior real-time solutions for kinematic baselines. The practical effectiveness of this approach is further validated through real-flight experiments involving two unmanned aerial vehicles.
Integrating clinical and genomic landscape analysis of perineural invasion identify ACTA1 as an oncogene for oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Sheng , Zhao Tongchao , Song Yuxian , Huang Xiaofeng , Ni Yanhong , Ding Liang , Fu Yong , Hu Qingang , Wang Yi
Published: September 2024

Background:
Perineural invasion (PNI) has been shown to be a key pathological feature of serval types of cancer, including oral squamous epithelial carcinoma (OSCC). However, the overall clinical and genomic landscape of PNI + OSCC are still unclear, and the molecular mechanism of PNI remains to be further investigated.
Methods:
279 OSCC samples were extracted from the TCGA database and grouped according to PNI. The clinicopathological information, prognostic and survival analyses were performed. The Cibersort algorithm and ESTIMATE algorithm was used to estimate the impacts on proportion of immune cells, immune score and stromal score by PNI. Immunotherapy prediction analysis was also performed. 167 differentially expressed genes were screened for functional enrichment analysis. Actin α1 (ACTA1) protein, which was significantly up-regulated in the PNI + group, was selected for validation in our OSCC patient’s cohort (n = 70). We next analyzed the ratio and absolute number of key immunocytes in peripheral blood of OSCC patients according to ACTA1 expression by flow cytometry.
Results:
PNI was more likely to occur in patients with advanced tumors and worse prognosis. Immunomodulation analyses showed that T cells follicular helper and cells were significantly lower, but M2 macrophages and total stromal score was significantly higher in PNI + OSCC. Immunotherapy prediction analyses showed that PNI + OSCC may be more sensitive to CTLA4 inhibitor treatment. 167 differentially expressed genes were identified and enriched in muscle structure and cell movement-related pathway. Among them, Actin α1 (ACTA1) was significantly upregulated in PNI + advanced OSCC with worse clinical outcome whose had relatively low ratio of CD3 + CD8 + circulating cytotoxic T cells.
Conclusions
PNI + OSCC patients with up-regulated of Actin α1 could benefit from cytotoxic T cell-mediated immunotherapy.
A cephalometric analysis of the antegonial notch in relation to the direction of mandibular growth
Authors: Manabe Asuka , Fukino Keiko , Kinoshita Yuri , Kitagawa Norio , Iwanaga Joe , Ono Takashi
Published: September 2024

Masticatory muscle forces influence craniofacial morphology development. The antegonial notch (Notch) is a bony concavity on the inferior border of the mandible. Considering the Notch is located anteriorly to the insertion of the masseter muscle and varies among individuals, we hypothesised that these muscles influence the formation of the Notch. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between mandible morphology and Notch formation. Sixty Japanese patients who visited the Department of Orthodontics at our university hospital were retrospectively evaluated. Morphological and morphometric analyses of the Notch and related craniofacial parameters were conducted using lateral cephalograms taken at the patients’ initial visits. Standard values for the Notch area and depth were determined, and the morphology of the Notch and mandible was analysed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (p < 0.05). The mean Notch area and depth was 78.71 ± 36.54 mm2 and 3.11 ± 1.09 mm, respectively. The Notch area was significantly correlated with ramus inclination (p = 0.044, r = 0.261) and with the Y-axis (p = 0.039, r = 0.267). This study indicated that both the masticatory muscles and mandibular growth could contribute to the Notch formation.
Red Blood Cell Distribution Width: An Independent Predictor of All-cause Mortality Following Amputation for Diabetic Foot
Authors: Yoon Yeo Kwon , Park Jae Han , Cho Hang Hwan , Shim Dong Woo , Lee Wonwoo , Han Seung Hwan , Lee Jin Woo , Park Kwang Hwan
Published: September 2024

Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a prognostic factor in various disorders. This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of RDW in patients undergoing amputation for diabetic foot. We retrospectively analyzed data on 415 patients who underwent diabetic foot amputation between January 2009 and January 2019. After establishing an optimal cutoff value of preoperative RDW for all-cause mortality, univariable and multivariable analyses with Cox proportional hazard model for survivorship and logistic regression analysis for prolonged hospital length of stay (> 30 days) were performed to identify significant prognostic factors. A preoperative RDW of 14.5% was the optimal cutoff value for predicting all-cause mortality. RDW ≥ 14.5% was significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 2.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.55–4.19; P < 0.001) on multivariable Cox proportional model analysis. Preoperative RDW ≥ 14.5% was also associated with a prolonged hospital length of stay after surgery (odds ratio, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.29–3.66; P = 0.004). Higher preoperative RDW was an independent predictive factor for increased all-cause mortality and prolonged hospital length of stay after diabetic foot amputation. These results suggest that RDW may be a useful laboratory parameter for risk stratification in patients undergoing amputation for diabetic foot.
High-grade eosinophilic renal tumor/eosinophilic vacuolar renal tumor: A case report and literature review
Authors: Ou Yong , Ren Shangqing , Zhou Fang , Chen Zhengjun , Lv Qian , Nie Yu , Wang Dong , Fan Shida
Published: September 2024

Introduction
Renal oncocytoma (RO) is a rare benign tumor of kidney, and eosinophilic vacuolated tumor (EVT) is a kind of renal oncocytoma with special morphology. EVT is a rare eosinophilic renal tumor with unique morphological, immunophenotype and molecular genetic characteristics. Its biological behavior is relatively inert and its prognosis is good.
Case report
This case report describes in detail a 52-year-old woman who went to the hospital for a medical examination and found that her left kidney occupied a space for 1 + months. After abdominal enhanced CT, she considered renal clear cell carcinoma, and then performed "robot-assisted laparoscopic partial left kidney resection". During the operation, a mass with a size of about 3.8*3.5cm was seen near the renal hilum in the middle part of the left kidney. After the tumor was removed, the pathological examination considered the eosinophilic vacuolar tumor of the kidney.
Conclusion
This case shows that EVT is a new solid tumor of kidney, and the cases are extremely rare. Clinicians and pathologists should improve their understanding of such tumors and differentiate them, so as to classify renal tumors more accurately and guide clinical treatment and prognosis evaluation.
Deep Learning-Based Speech Detection for AI Clones and Ocean Acoustics Applications
Authors: Xinwei Wang , Chen Heng
Published: September 2024

This thesis is based on deep learning technology and proposes a new AI-cloned voice detection technique for practical application in police anti-AI precision fraud. The experimental validation results using the 2019 ASVspoof dataset show that the method has high detection accuracy and effectiveness. The technique is expected to prevent AI precision fraud actively, providing new ideas and strategies for research and application in related fields. This research aims to improve the security and accuracy of the voiceprint recognition system, which is essential for future research and application. Notably, similar deep learning methods have also been applied in ocean acoustics measurements, demonstrating the broad potential applications of this technology.
Evolutionary optimisation of pixelated IFA inspired antennas
Authors: Mair Dominik , Baumgarten Daniel
Published: September 2024

As wireless communication systems increasingly require compact and efficient antennas, conventional antenna design methods are proving difficult to meet the rigorous demands of modern applications. For this purpose, this study introduces a methodology which uses pixelated Inverted-F Antenna (IFA) inspired designs optimised through genetic algorithms to enhance performance in constrained spatial environments. As pixels the antenna features the exemplary use of Einstein Hat-shaped tiles, enabling the antenna to efficiently utilize space.A with the proposed method optimised antenna is compared to traditional IFA designs and shows improved properties like enhanced antenna gain and efficiency as well as smaller reflection coefficient offering a promising solution for future compact antenna systems in the Internet of Things and beyond. Finally, a prototype was manufactured and the scattering parameters and antenna gain were measured within an anechoic chamber.
Effect of high biaxial solar tracker and its shade on crop yield, application to different design simulations
Authors: INGHELS Clémentine , NOIROT-COSSON Paul-Emile , RIOU Tanguy , KICHEY Thomas , GUILLER Annie
Published: September 2024

The growing need in both producing renewable energy and food has led to the development of new systems such as agrivoltaic systems. Similar to agroforestry systems, agrivoltaics systems combine an understory of crop production with an overstory layer, casting spatial-temporal varying shade that can affect the yield of the understory crop, by either improving or reducing crop growth underneath, depending on type of crop, pedoclimatic context, photovoltaic (PV) structure and its implementation design. Current studies on agrivoltaic stations mainly evaluate global yield in areas under panels and in between panel and/or outside agrivoltaic system (ie. in full sun condition), and sometimes for various panels densities, but don’t consider shade gradient. The aim of this study was to assess field crops yields distribution around high biaxial PV installations that are trackers, with the spatial variations of shade, microclimate, soil parameters. This distribution was then used to simulate yields of different power plant designs. For this purpose, 2 types of crops (wheat and maize) were considered in 2022 and 2023, with a total of 21 trackers over 13 sites, located in Western France. Received radiation (RR) appeared as the most impacting variable of yield and biomass. Yields and biomass linearly decreased under decreasing RR, respectively by up to 45% and 40% locally with a 50% RR decrease, except for maize in 2022, probably due to exceptionally hot summer. The simulation designs showed limited global losses for both crops, only one, with the highest panel density, led to losses slightly greater than 10%.
Density functional theory study for the influence of non-metals doping on the structural, electrical, optical, and photocatalytic properties of rutile TiO2
Authors: Geldasa Fikadu Takele , Kebede Mesfin Abayneh , Hone Fekadu Gashaw , Jira Edosa Tasisa
Published: September 2024

In this study, the influence of non-metals (C, F, N, and S) doping on the structural, electronic, and optical properties of rutile TiO2 is investigated by introducing Hubbard correction (U) to the density functional theory (DFT) by adopting the Quantum ESPRESSO code. Rutile TiO2 is a promising material with potential applications in environmental remediation and renewable energy production, such as solar energy and fuels. However, its large bandgap limits these applications to UV-light regions only. In this work, a single atom of each dopant was replaced at oxygen atom sites to shift the absorption edge of rutile TiO2 toward visible light. From the computed band structures, the obtained bandgap of pure rutile TiO2 is 3.03 eV, which agrees well with the experimental value. Except for F-doped TiO2, the bandgap of other doped materials showed a redshift. The imaginary part of dielectric function peaks indicates that the absorption edges in C, N, and S-doped TiO2 are shifted toward the visible region. The shift in absorption coefficient to the highest wavelength in C, N, and S-doped TiO2 reveals the suitability of these materials for photocatalysis applications. The increase in refractive index after doping indicates the existence of excess charges that attenuate the transverse of light in materials. Moreover, this work is extremely important for experimentalists in order to guide them in understanding the effects of non-metal doping on the properties of rutile TiO2 for photocatalysis applications.
Care provision and social participation among older adults in Europe: Longitudinal Evidence from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
Authors: Almeida-Meza Pamela , Gessa Giorgio Di , Lacey Rebecca , McMunn Anne , Xue Baowen
Published: September 2024

Providing care in older age to family members and friends is common but this could impact the carers’ time and energy for social participation. This study explores the relationship between care and social participation in 16 European countries, considering factors like care intensity, relationship to the care recipient, gender, and socioeconomic status. The study utilised pooled data from the Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Multiple regression models assessed the association between care status (non-carer, carer, and former carer) and social participation measured through volunteering frequency and group membership. The models adjusted for various demographic and socioeconomic covariates. The study found that carers, especially those doing so less intensely, were more likely to volunteer and belong to groups compared to non-carers. The association between care and volunteering was stronger for carers in low support countries. The association between care and group membership was found to be stronger for carers in the highest wealth quintiles, as well as for female carers in low support countries and for male carers in low and medium support counties. The study suggests that caring is not necessarily associated with negative outcomes such as lower social participation but underscores the impact of care strain and burden resulting from high intensity of care as risk factors for reduced social participation. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of considering the individual and contextual socioeconomic resources in understanding carers' social participation outcomes.
Evaluation and Prediction of Climatic parameters based on IoT system using Machine learning and Neural network algorithms
Authors: Brahmaiah Allacheruvu , Srini Ramagalla , Sunkari Savitha
Published: September 2024

This study presents an innovative method for integrating artificial intelligence/machine learning models with an Internet of Things (IoT) system for evaluating, validating and predicting climatic parameters. The prototype IoT system described herein is designed to remotely control demo-satellite power-enabled technologies while simultaneously capturing real-time environmental parameters such as air temperature, humidity, and atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. These data are then stored in a dedicated server database. They are capable of interfacing with the Blynk IoT application for seamless remote-control access of demo-satellite and monitoring environmental parameters; However, the existing system suffers from low resolution and accuracy in data collection. To address this limitation, we propose high-resolution ground data for the implementation of AI/ML models to improve the accuracy of atmospheric air temperature and CO2 level predictions each algorithm's performance is assessed using metrics like Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and Percentage Error (PE) and Accuracy percentage. Additionally, future predictions for time horizons of 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year are displayed graphically in the system's Graphical User Interface (GUI). This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the proposed system architecture, implementation details, experimental methodology, results analysis and predictions.
Quantitative identification, uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of nitrate sources using stable isotopes in a drinking water source watershed of Eastern China
Authors: Zhang Lu , Han Jiangbo , Lin Jin , Li Xue , Dai Yunfeng , liu Peng
Published: September 2024

The quantitative identification of nitrate sources is of great significance for water resources management. Stable isotopes combined with Bayesian isotope mixing model (SIAR) model were widely used to identify nitrogen sources. However, few researchers focus on the influence of the variations of nitrate source isotopic composition on nitrate source contributions. Here, the δ15N-NO3− and δ18O-NO3− isotopes, the SIAR model, and the uncertainty and sensitivity analysis were used to quantify the contributions and uncertainties of nitrate sources in Huashan watershed. 60 surface water samples and 82 groundwater samples were collected from November 2021 to October 2022, and atmospheric deposition (AD), chemical nitrogen fertilizer (NF), soil nitrogen (SN), and manure and sewage (M&S) were determined as the potential nitrate sources. Source identification by SIAR indicated that in November 2021 the M&S was the main contributor of nitrate to surface water, while NF was the main contributor to groundwater. In April 2022, NF contributed the most to surface water, while groundwater mainly originated from SN and MS. The variation between winter and spring sources is due to spring fertilization and rainfall. The uncertainty analysis showed that the greatest uncertainties were in SN and NF. Sensitivity analysis showed that the changes in the nitrate isotopic composition of M&S had the greatest effect on the results for δ15N, whereas only the mean values of oxygen isotope values of AD had a greater effect on the results for δ18O. Fertilizer application and changes in soil fertility due to agricultural rotations and cropping practices are intrinsic to the high level of uncertainty in SN. The magnitude of end-member standard deviations directly affects the outcomes of sensitivity analysis. We recommend prioritizing the determination of feature values for sensitive end-members during sampling. The high contribution of SN and NF highlighting the need to optimize fertilization and irrigation strategies to enhance nitrogen utilization efficiency.