bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of a viscoelastic phase separation model
Authors: Brunk Aaron , Dünweg Burkhard , Egger Herbert , Habrich Oliver , Lukáčová-Medvid'ová Mária , Spiller Dominic
Published: March 2021

A new model for viscoelastic phase separation is proposed, based on a systematically derived conservative two-fluid model. Dissipative effects are included by phenomenological viscoelastic terms. By construction, the model is consistent with the second law of thermodynamics. We study well-posedness of the model in two space dimensions, i.e., existence of weak solutions, a weak-strong uniqueness principle, and stability with respect to perturbations, which are proven by means of relative energy estimates. Our numerical simulations based on the new viscoelastic phase separation model are in good agreement with physical experiments. Furthermore, a good qualitative agreement with mesoscopic simulations is observed.
Adsorption of atomic hydrogen on monolayer MoS2
Authors: Hu Huimin , Choi Jin-Ho
Published: March 2021

The adsorption of atomic hydrogen on monolayer MoS2 has been intensively studied, but the ground-state adsorption configuration remains controversial. In this study, we investigate the adsorption properties of atomic hydrogen on monolayer MoS2 systematically using first-principles density functional theory calculations. We considered all the previously proposed adsorption sites, S-top, bridge, and hollow sites. Among them, S-top is the most energetically preferred, with a tilted S−H bond. Its calculated adsorption energy is −0.72 eV. The next lowest-energy configuration is that the H atom is located at the hollow site; the adsorption energy is slightly higher than the former, by 0.22 eV. The tilting of the S−H bond contributes to the adsorption energy up to −0.29 eV, a factor unrecognized in previous first-principles studies. These results account for the discrepancy in theory. Besides, the effects of spin-polarization also change the relative energetics of possible adsorption configurations.
Broadband controllable acoustic focusing and asymmetric focusing by acoustic metamaterials
Authors: Liao Guangxin , Wang Zhenwei , Luan Congcong , Liu Jiapeng , Yao Xinhua , Fu Jianzhong
Published: March 2021

The applications of acoustic focusing and acoustic asymmetric focusing (AAF) are severely constrained by the narrow frequency bandwidth. In this paper, we report broad bandwidth acoustic focusing lens and asymmetric acoustic focusing lens consisting of monolayer and dual-layer metamaterials, respectively. Additive manufacturing technology was utilized to fabricate the designed lens. Finite element analysis and experimental approaches are adopted to verify the performances of acoustic focusing and asymmetric acoustic focusing. The results demonstrate that the designed acoustic focusing lens can converge acoustic waves at the frequency from 4717 Hz to 7717 Hz. The excellent AAF effect can be realized at a large frequency range from 4717 Hz to 6717 Hz. The results of measurement are consistent well with the simulated ones. Besides, by changing the separation between the dual-layer metamaterials for the AAF lens, the focusing position can be controlled without changing the metamaterials structure. Our approach may offer an efficient method to design broadband acoustic focusing and AAF devices and promote the important applications in numerous practical fields, including acoustic absorption and noise reducing, acoustic energy harvesting, ultrasonic medicine and multifunctional materials.
The Markoff approximation for high harmonic generation during laser–atom interaction
Authors: Ishkhanyan A M , Krainov V P
Published: March 2021

Based on the Markoff approximation, we find the photon power spectrum of high harmonic generation from the irradiation of atoms using an intense laser field.
Quantum computation and error correction based on continuous variable cluster states*
Authors: Hao Shuhong , Deng Xiaowei , Liu Yang , Su Xiaolong , Xie Changde , Peng Kunchi
Published: March 2021

Measurement-based quantum computation with continuous variables, which realizes computation by performing measurement and feedforward of measurement results on a large scale Gaussian cluster state, provides a feasible way to implement quantum computation. Quantum error correction is an essential procedure to protect quantum information in quantum computation and quantum communication. In this review, we briefly introduce the progress of measurement-based quantum computation and quantum error correction with continuous variables based on Gaussian cluster states. We also discuss the challenges in the fault-tolerant measurement-based quantum computation with continuous variables.
Magnetization relaxation of uniaxial anisotropic ferromagnetic particles with linear reaction dynamics driven by DC/AC magnetic field*
Authors: Hu Yu-Song , Jiang Min , Hong Tao , Tang Zheng-Ming , Huang Ka-Ma
Published: March 2021

The response of uniaxial anisotropic ferromagnetic particles with linear reaction dynamics subjected to alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) bias magnetic field is evaluated by the reaction–diffusion equation for the probability distribution function of the molecular concentration in the spherical coordinate system. The magnetization function and the probability distribution function of the magnetic particles in the reaction system are derived by using the Legendre polynomials and Laplace transform. We discuss the characteristics of magnetization and probability distribution of the magnetic particles with different anisotropic parameters driven by a DC and AC magnetic fields, respectively. It is shown that both the magnetization and the probability distribution decrease with time increasing due to the reaction process. The uniformity of the probability distribution and the amplitude of the magnetization are both affected by the anisotropic parameters. Meanwhile, the difference between the case with linear reaction dynamics and the non-reaction case is discussed.
Numerical simulation and experimental validation of multiphysics field coupling mechanisms for a high power ICP wind tunnel*
Authors: Yu Ming-Hao , Wang Zhe , Qiu Ze-Yang , Lv Bo , Zheng Bo-Rui
Published: March 2021

We take the established inductively coupled plasma (ICP) wind tunnel as a research object to investigate the thermal protection system of re-entry vehicles. A 1.2-MW high power ICP wind tunnel is studied through numerical simulation and experimental validation. The distribution characteristics and interaction mechanism of the flow field and electromagnetic field of the ICP wind tunnel are investigated using the multi-field coupling method of flow, electromagnetic, chemical, and thermodynamic field. The accuracy of the numerical simulation is validated by comparing the experimental results with the simulation results. Thereafter, the wind tunnel pressure, air velocity, electron density, Joule heating rate, Lorentz force, and electric field intensity obtained using the simulation are analyzed and discussed. The results indicate that for the 1.2-MW ICP wind tunnel, the maximum values of temperature, pressure, electron number density, and other parameters are observed during coil heating. The influence of the radial Lorentz force on the momentum transfer is stronger than that of the axial Lorentz force. The electron number density at the central axis and the amplitude and position of the Joule heating rate are affected by the radial Lorentz force. Moreover, the plasma in the wind tunnel is constantly in the subsonic flow state, and a strong eddy flow is easily generated at the inlet of the wind tunnel.
An improved model of damage depth of shock-melted metal in microspall under triangular wave loading*
Authors: Liu Wen-Bin , He An-Min , Wang Kun , Xin Jian-Ting , Shao Jian-Li , Liu Nan-Sheng , Wang Pei
Published: March 2021

Damage depth is an important dynamic parameter for describing the degree of material damage and is also a key fundamental issue in the field of impact compression technology. The present work is dedicated to the damage depth of shock-melted metal in microspall under triangular wave loading, and an improved model of damage depth considering the material’s compressibility and relative movement is proposed. The damage depth obtained from the proposed model is in good agreement with the laser-driven shock loading experiment. Compared with the previous model, the proposed model can predict the damage depth of shock-melted metal in microspall more accurately. Furthermore, two-groups of the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations are carried out to investigate the effects of peak stress and decay length of the incident triangular wave on the damage depth, respectively. As the decay length increases, the damage depth increases linearly. As the peak stress increases, the damage depth increases nonlinearly, and the increase in damage depth gradually slows down. The results of the SPH simulations adequately reproduce the results of the proposed model in terms of the damage depth. Finally, it is found that the threshold stress criterion can reflect the macroscopic characteristics of microspall of melted metal.
Stability of liquid crystal systems doped with γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles*
Authors: Zhang Xu , Liu Ningning , Tang Zongyuan , Miao Yingning , Meng Xiangshen , He Zhenghong , Li Jian , Cai Minglei , Zhao Tongzhou , Yang Changyong , Xing Hongyu , Ye Wenjiang
Published: March 2021

In order to explore the stability of a liquid crystal (LC) system doped with γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles, the physical properties (clearing point, dielectric properties), electro-optical properties and residual direct-current voltage (RDCV) of the doped LC system were measured and evaluated at different times. First, the temperature was controlled by precision hot stage, and the clearing point temperature of doped LC was observed and measured by a polarized optical microscope. Using a precision LCR meter, we measured the capacitance-voltage curves of the doped LC system at the temperature of 27 °C. The dielectric constant of doped LC was calculated by the dualcell capacitance method. Then, the electro-optical properties of the doped LC system were measured. Finally, the RDCV of the doped LC system was measured and calculated. After five months, the parameters of the doped LC system were re-measured and analyzed under the same conditions to evaluate its stability. The experimental results show that, within five months, the clearing point change rate of doped LC is in the range of 0.24%–1.37%, the change of dielectric anisotropy is in the range of 0.035–0.2, the curves of electro-optical properties are basically fitted, and the change rate of saturated RDCV is about 11.2%, which basically indicate that the LC system doped with γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles has good stability.
Phenomenological studies on

decay *
Authors: Qi Jing-Juan , Wang Zhen-Yang , Zhang Zhu-Feng , Guo Xin-Heng
Published: March 2021

Within the quasi-two-body decay model, we study the localized CP violation and branching fraction of the four-body decay

when the

and

pair invariant masses are

and

, with the pairs being dominated by the

,

,

,

and

, and

,

,

and

resonances, respectively. When dealing with the dynamical functions of these resonances,

,

,

and

are modeled with the Bugg model, Gounaris-Sakurai function, Flatté formalism and LASS lineshape, respectively, while the others are described by the relativistic Breit-Wigner function. Adopting the end point divergence parameters

and

, our predicted results are

and

, based on the hypothetical

structures for the scalar mesons in the QCD factorization approach. Meanwhile, we calculate the CP violating asymmetries and branching fractions of the two-body decays

and all the individual four-body decays

, respectively. Our theoretical results for the two-body decays

,

,

,

, and

are consistent with the available experimental data, with the remaining predictions await testing in future high precision experiments.
Effect of transcription reinitiation in stochastic gene expression
Authors: Karmakar Rajesh , Das Amit Kumar
Published: March 2021

Gene expression (GE) is an inherently random or stochastic or noisy process. The randomness in different steps of GE, e.g., transcription, translation, degradation, etc., leading to cell-to-cell variations in mRNA and protein levels. This variation appears in organisms ranging from microbes to metazoans. Stochastic GE has important consequences for cellular function. The random fluctuations in protein levels produce variability in cellular behavior. It is beneficial in some contexts and harmful to others. These situations include stress response, metabolism, development, cell cycle, circadian rhythms, and aging. Different model studies e.g., constitutive, two-state, etc., reveal that the fluctuations in mRNA and protein levels arise from different steps of GE among which the steps in transcription have the maximum effect. The pulsatile mRNA production through RNAP-II based reinitiation of transcription is an important part of gene transcription. Though, the effect of that process on mRNA and protein levels is very little known. The addition of any biochemical step in the constitutive or two-state process generally decreases the mean and increases the Fano factor. In this study, we have shown that the RNAP-II based reinitiation process in gene transcription can have different effects on both mean and Fano factor at mRNA levels in different model systems. It decreases the mean and Fano factor both at the mRNA levels in the constitutive network whereas in other networks it can simultaneously increase or decrease both quantities or it can have mixed-effect at mRNA levels. We propose that a constitutive network with reinitiation behaves like a product independent negative feedback circuit whereas other networks behave as either product independent positive or negative or mixed feedback circuit.
Evaluation of Health Hazards Due to The Wi-Fi Router On Humans
Authors: Hussein Karar H. , Albderi Suham A. , Hamza Zahra Mousa , Obaid Ali Kadhim , Hussain Hayder H.
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the negative effects of Wi-Fi routers in houses on human health. As these devices have become an essential part of daily life, they are widely used for communications and the Internet. No house can do without it. The radiation emitted from these routers causes many symptoms, such as heart diseases, sleep disorders, brain tumors, ear hearing problems, male infertility, etc. This study looked at 15 different symptoms that may be caused by the emitted radiation by the routers. A questionnaire was distributed for a large number of medical doctors working in five major hospitals in the city of Najaf, and another for individuals who have routers in their house and who do not. The results showed that Wi-Fi routers have an effect on human health that does not exceed 30%. Individuals with routers have more symptoms than people without Wi-Fi routers. While females are more affected by routers than others.
Modeling and Performance Assessment of a Millimeter-Wave CVD Film-Graphene Based Antenna
Authors: Gatte Mohammed Taih , Soh Ping Jack , Kadhim Rasim Azeez , Abd H. J.
Published: March 2021

The transfer of graphene onto dielectric substrates to form an antenna needs to be performed with care, as tears and cracks may appear on the samples transferred improperly. This paper studies a detailed method in estimating the performance of a millimeter-wave (MMW) antenna built using commercially-available graphene layers. In contrast to the widely studied monolayer graphene, the proposed antenna is produced based on the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique, which is to be secured onto the antenna substrate via adhesive material without removal of the transition metal substrate from the graphene layer sample. The antenna performance modeled using this technique indicated quite similar results to a model using ideal monolayer graphene in terms of gain, radiated power and radiation efficiency. Its performance benchmarked against a copper antenna operating at the same MMW frequency also indicated similar performance improvements as with another antenna designed using monolayer graphene.
A modified of FR method to solve unconstrained optimization
Authors: Wasi H. A. , Shiker M. A. K.
Published: March 2021

There are many methods derived from the conjugate gradient method, the most famous of which is the FR method (Fletcher–Reeves). Most of the methods are found to solve large unconstrained optimization problems. In this paper, we made a modified to the FR method, so that it achieves better numerical results as well as the conditions of global convergence. The numerical experiment showed the efficiency and robustness of the new method.
On d-Small Prime Modules
Authors: Abdul-Alkalik Adwia Jassim
Published: March 2021

Let R be a commutative ring with an identity, and D be an unitary fi-module. We say a non-zero submodule E of D is d-small prime if for each c ∈ R, d ∈ D, (d) «d
D with cd ∈ E, then either d ∈ E or c ∈ [E: D] and an fi-module D is a d-small prime if annD = annE for each non-zero submodule E d-small in D. We have given and demonstrated some of the characterizations and features of these types of submodules (modules) in this paper.
Manufacturing of Cold Plasma System and Studies Electrical Characteristic
Authors: Shihab Ahmed Mahmoud , Murbat Hamid Hafidh , Abbas Ibrahim Karim
Published: March 2021

In this research, the non-thermal plasma system is designed with diameter (10 mm) Argon at atmospheric pressure as well as to be suitable for use in medical and biotechnological applications. The electric description of this system was studied. In this paper, a non-pure argon gas plasma system is designed and manufactured that operates at pressure The normal air. Where the electrical description of this system was studied through the use of values Different voltages and different values of how quickly the argon flows. As the results obtained showed the small value of the electric current consumed by the needle system Non-thermal plasma, where it was in the range of several microns of amps, and the value of the electric current increased with the increase in the gas flow, and the results also showed a breakdown of voltages when the voltage used was 5 kilovolts, which caused a slight decrease in the value of the electric current when the gas flow was 4 liters The minute.
Development of multiple computer-based testing system using open source programing model
Authors: Mohammad Naseef Husam , Ahmed Nada Thanoon , Mohialden Yasmin Makki
Published: March 2021

The traditional methods of examination process is often characterized by human errors, question leakage and recording of score. In this study, the active application for generating multiple exam modules based on different types of e-exams have been presented. The first user is the instructor who submits the required exam questions based on suitable scores and different evaluation scales. The final user is the student who can find many selected e-exam modules by using PC screen interface. An Immediate scoring system can follow the final score. The used tools in the present system involves a Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), Visual Basic 6 language and MySQL correlated with oracle and system implementation. Many types of e-exam are considered such as True & False, answer in one word multiple choices, matching between words in two columns and dragging into the screen. The system has been tested successfully based on multiple e-exam modules. The result of this system observed an efficient examination process due to robust generating and managing tests and less human error in the condition of multi-student with multi-lecturer.
Ideal with Micro Topological Space
Authors: saleh Ekram abd al-kader , Jassim Taha Hmeed
Published: March 2021

In this paper studied *-micID
-sets, *-micIy
-sets, *-micIc
-sets and micI*
D
-sets on micro ideal topological space and specific properties of this inspected us also inspected the idea of R - micI - open sets and discussed the relationships with examples.
HandCrafted: An Online Shopping Website of Handicratfs
Authors: Pal Tannistha , Pandey Sudhanshu Shekhar , Deb Arindam
Published: March 2021

Online Shopping Website for Handicraft is a form of electronic commerce which allows consumers to directly buy goods (which are handmade) or ser-vices from a seller over the Internet. Most of the shopping sites are focusing on electronic gadgets, clothes etc. but no one particularly focusing on the products which is of handmade. Although Tripura is very famous for Hand made products and it supply all over the India, but people are not getting its product because of poor transport facilities. So, this paper focuses on devel-oping a shopping site for upliftment of handmade products of Tripura. So, it will be beneficial for our government, businessmen of Tripura as well as cus-tomers. This paper focuses on developing an website which will be useful to anyone who wants to purchase items using internet even living in small city or villages.
P-(S. P) Submodules and C1(Extending) Modules
Authors: Talak Abdulsalam F. , Abed Majid Mohammed
Published: March 2021

In this work, we study C1-(extending) module M through the sub-module of M which have two properties namely prime and semi-prime (P. (S. P)). Indeed these properties with another concept like fully invariant of any sub-modules explain the main objective of this study. Also heart submodule of a module M and the socle of M are studied with fully invariant property to obtain the same objective.
Signal Properties under Multi-Carrier Chaos–Shift Keying
Authors: Hasan Salsabeel S. , Hussain Zahir M.
Published: March 2021

In recent years, increased demand for high-quality multimedia services requires increasing the wireless communications application data rates and be more reliable and secure. To meet this request, the researches related to Multi-Carrier (MC) transmission technologies have made considerable efforts in recent years because multi-carrier techniques can improve the data transmission rates. In this research, an overall study on performing Multi-Carrier Chaos Shift keying by using a technique Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is presented. A multi-carrier system simulation is designed because of the limited speed provided by Chaos Shift keying (CSK) due to the spreading factor. To increase security in this system; the chaotic sequence was generated by proposed to modify on one of the well-known chaos generators that is a tent map. The performance test and the security analysis were carried out using the Bit Error Rate (BER), Mean Squared Error (MSE), correlation test; the chaotic characteristics of the chaos generators sequences using are tested the Lyapunov Exponent. Results have showed the proposed tent map the autocorrelation is like a delta function, so that it appears as a noise that is difficult to discern the information carried by signal, it is much more sensitive to change the initial state and control parameters, where the proposed tent map provides better chaotic properties for encryption such as greater Lyapunov exponent, compared with well-known chaos maps (Logistic map1, Tent map, Quadratic map), it provides a lower Bit Error Rate (BER) performance than a tent map. In addition, the proposed method to multi-carrier CSK system with various Spreading Factors (SF) values outperforms the CSK system in improving the data transmission rate.
The Sequence G-asymptotic Average Shadowing Property with G-chain transitive
Authors: Al-Juboory Raad safah Abood , Al-Shara’a Iftichar M. T.
Published: March 2021

Let (M, d) be a compact metric @-space, Φ : M → M be a continuous map. This paper aims to study the idea of the sequence-asymptotic average shadowing property ( {si
}-AASP ) for a continuous map on-space, ( {si:i≥1} be a given positive integers sequence, where s
0 = 0 ) and achieves the relative of the {si
}-AASP with the sequence AASP ( {si
}-AASP ). We prove that if (M, d) are metric 1-spaces, (X, d) then metric 2-spaces and ƒ : 1 χ → Μ, ψ : 2 x Χ → Χ are continuous maps, then ƒ has the 1 {si
}-AASP and ψ has the 2{si
}-AASP if and only if the product ƒ x ψ has the 1 x 2{si
}-AASP. Also, we show that if Φ has the {si
}-AASP then Φ is-chain transitive.
Enhancing VANET Connectivity through a Realistic Model for RSU Deployment on Highway
Authors: Mousa Roaa Jasim , Huszák Árpád , Salman Mahdi Abed
Published: March 2021

This study proposes a cost-effective deployment of the RSUs, aiming to improve the connectivity of VANET in highway scenarios. Based on real data, we present a general model that provides minimum number of candidate RSUs with their required positions to keep a given segment of highway always connected. The model employs some concepts of graph theory to test the connectivity in addition to stochastic (but based on realistic data) positioning of vehicles in a simulated environment The provided results show the efficiency of RSU deployment for any segment of a highway when real data is available in order to cover all vehicles on the highway.
System Design for Measuring and Monitoring Fuel Consumption Remotely Using Embedded System
Authors: Al-Chalabi Sadeem Marouf M. , Al-Dhahiri Khalid Ahmed
Published: March 2021

Recently, many industrial companies, farms, universities, remote projects and others needed to use Power Generators (Fossil Fuel Engines), It is difficult in some cases to know the status of the Generator (whether it ON or OFF?), the average of fuel discharging currently and it’s motor efficiency statues needed to be estimated. In addition, to measuring the fuel spend in the main tank of that institution. There are many methods for measuring fuel discharging, but in this case, the most basic way that has a very good impact and big challenges comparing with manual observations. A Flow Meter Sensor (YF-S201) correlated by Arduino microcontroller “1” which used as a master. For checking the strategical fuel tank, a waterproof ultrasonic sensor (JSN-SR04T) has been used. The collected data transmitted by transmitting chip (RS-485) to second Arduino microcontroller “2” which used as a slave that plugged by serial port into the computer, as well as for transmit the information into the database. The data was remotely viewed by web as a report through Public IP. This research has shown that the method of digital monitoring for fuel discharges was more accurate, safer than manual monitoring and explain how the remote observations give a good impact for the workers.
Approximate Solutions for Solving Time-Space Fractional Bioheat Equation Based on Fractional Shifted Legendre Polynomials
Authors: Al-Saadawi Firas A. , Al-Humedi Hameeda Oda
Published: March 2021

The aim of this article was employed a fractional-shifted Legendre polynomials (F-SLPs) in a matrix form to approximate the temporal and spatial derivatives of fractional orders for derived an approximate solutions for bioheat problem of a space-time fractional. The spatial-temporal fractional derivatives are described in the formula by the Riesz-Feller and the Caputo fractional derivatives of orders v (1,2] and γ (0,1], respectively. The proposed methodology applied for two examples for demonstrating its usefulness and effectiveness. The numerical results confirmed that the utilized technique is immensely effective, provides high accuracy and good convergence.
On Paracompactness of the Space CLipk(Ω)
Authors: Abdulkadhum Aljariawi Salam , Al-Nafie Z. D
Published: March 2021

By the construction CLipk(Ω) we mean the space of all continuous complex-valued functions of class Lipk, defined on an open subset Ω of Euclidean space ℝn the present work, proved the paracompactness of the space CLipk(Ω), also many important results were discussed and proved.
Localization of Optic Disk and Exudates Detection in Retinal Fundus Images
Authors: Al-Sharfaa Ahmed Hashim , Yousif Ali Yakoob , Al-Saadi Enas Hamood
Published: March 2021

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), is the most prevalent human retina disease. This disease occurred due to diabetes. This disease requires early treatment to avert any malfunction of organs affected by diabetes that could render them dysfunctional. Exudates are the most familiar of diabetic retinopathy earliest signs. In this context, new methods have been developed for the localization and isolation of the optical disk and the discovery of exudates in the retina image. A new algorithm was introduced to localize and segment optical disk prior to process of secretion because it appears in a similar color, density, and in contrast of other features of the retinal image. The algorithm deployed utilizes three steps to extract exudates from physiological properties. In the fundus image, first step depends on the thresholding of intensity, the second is based on Morphological processing and the third step strategically combines a joint of step1 and step 2 to disclose all exudates thereby evicting any sort of bogus positive. The proposed method was applied on several images from the database and thus far concluding accurate and promising results.
Center Set Theory of Proximity Space
Authors: Abdulsada Dheargham Ali , Al-Swidi Luay A. A.
Published: March 2021

To contribute to solving problems that cannot be solved using classical methods, we present in this paper a new type of set denoted on proximity called the center set and study all its algebraic properties as we have shown the shape of the point in this set. Finally we defined the functions on the center set And study their properties.
Traffic Management with Deployment of Li-Fi Technology
Authors: Al_Barazanchi Israa , Sahy Seba Aziz , Jaaz Zahraa A. , abdulshaheed haider rasheed
Published: March 2021

Light Fidelity or commonly known as Li-fi, is an emerging technology that works on the principle of using light as a medium for transferring signals. It is bidirectional and is fully networked wireless communication that focuses on the use of light from light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The system is affluent and can provide connectivity within a larger area with more security, higher data rates and high-speed as compared to Wi-Fi. Apart from that, it relies on the use of visible light communication or infra-red and near-ultraviolet spectrum majorly working on the idea of switching bulbs on and off within nanoseconds. The paper consists of vivid insights about the use of Li-fi as a solution to the excessive traffic congestion in roadways. The paper is further divided into prominent sections that deal in providing an accurate idea about the working and implication of Li-fi technology in the current scenario. Moreover, the paper also proposes various technical standards and modulation that are and will be followed by Li-fi technologies, thereby focusing on its future implication. Apart from that, the main aim of designing the system is to limit traffic congestion and thus, reduce the increasing number of road accident in the present times.
Management of the Process of Securing Customs Interests on the Basis of Identification of Target Indicators
Authors: Shevchuk Serhii
Published: March 2021

The article develops and proposes a methodical concept of algorithmization of checking the range of trends and relationships that affect the process of ensuring customs interests. Mathematical dependences within the framework of the conducted simulation modeling are formed, which give the chance to optimize the process of making managerial decisions in the plane of calculation of analytical-factual parameters of substantiation of modern and forecasted trends. It is proposed to consider customs security and customs interests from the standpoint of achieving the appropriate state of the system of economic relations between economic entities. In order to take into account different groups of factors, their chronological change, as well as the impossibility of establishing individual initial parameters, to assess the simulation data, target indicators were identified. It is proved that the selected indicators are the object of management within the framework of using the regulatory potential of the state. Within the framework of checking the quality of indicator management, the two-stage modeling approach (express, complex) was used, the regression of each of them was determined, hypothetical assumptions were formulated and economic-mathematical interdependencies were obtained.
Muon telescope: An experimental observation of leptonbased on coincidence technique
Authors: Bhatnagar Sonali
Published: March 2021

Cosmic rays are high energy radiation originating in the cosmos, consisting of nucleonic fragments that rain down on the earth from outside the solar system in the form of Extensive Air Shower (EAS). There are several secondaries generated in these showers. The most common fundamental particles to reach the Earth’s surface are muons, electrons, neutrinos, and gamma rays. The easiest way to extract information from these particles is by keeping the detector on earth’s surface. By requiring coincidence in several detectors, background radiation will automatically be sorted out. A muon telescope consisting of two polystyrene plastic scintillation detectors has been set up in our laboratory. In this paper, secondary flux has been observed by increasing the distance between the detectors, horizontally as well as vertically. This study has been extended for observing the flux on keeping the detector inside, outside and on the top (4.5 meters) of the laboratory building. Horizontal separation, vertical separation, data inside, outside and at the roof of the laboratory building, are five measurements performed using Muon Telescope at constant threshold of discriminator. In this process, one detector was kept at the fixed position and the other detector has been moved with respect to the first one. SEASA (Stockholm Educational Air Shower Array) in Alba Nova Physics Centre in Stockholm, has performed this detector separation study with three detectors and it has been observed that the count rate decreases with the separation between the detectors because the telescope loses the sensitivity to lower energy shower.
Design of Compact and Smart Full Adders for High-Speed Nanometer Technology IC’s
Authors: Mariya Priyadarshini K , Ernest Ravindran R S , Krishna S. Vamsee , Durga Bhavani K
Published: March 2021

It is intensely acknowledged that the key handing out unit of any device competent of carrying out computations is the CPU (Central Processing Unit) and one of the most elementary and central parts of CPU is an ALU (Arithmetic and Logical Unit). The ALU is primarily responsible for carrying out the logical operation, arithmetic operations etc. The proposed full adder has low power consumption and better area efficiency. Post layout simulations using the Mentor graphics tool have been evaluated. The circuits proposed are extremely optimize in terms of transitor switching power and latency, due to small load capacitance and low dissipation of short circuit electricity. Each of the suggested and simulated circuits has its own benefits of speed, power Dissipation, Power Delay Product (PDP), and driving capability. The circuits proposed are studied in terms of voltage input and threshold voltage variations, output load variations, signal to ratio with respect to transistor scaling.
Image processing and Pattern Recognition based Plant Leaf diseases Identification and Classification
Authors: Gayatri Kowju , Kanti R. Divya , Sekhar Rao Rayavarapu V. Ch. , Sridhar B. , Rama Gowri Bobbili V.
Published: March 2021

The relationship between plants and folks are long-lasting and continuous one as we know plants are having major priority plants play an awfully necessary role in our lives. We tend to relay on plants for food, medicines, soaps, furniture, textiles, etc., therefore it’s terribly crucial for us to early observe various styles of diseases in plants to induce higher yielding. Identification of those plant diseases by Oculus technique is incredibly troublesome and time overwhelming. If identification is inaccurate then there would be a large loss in crops and economical worth of market. Therefore, to resolve these issues and to induce higher returns, we are able to use Image process techniques Laptop assisted technology continually provides higher accuracy than the manual work. Therefore, during this research, we tend to perform segmentation using k-means clustering and classification of diseases using Support Vector Machine classifier.
Automatic Defect Detection and Depth Visualization in Mild Steel Sample Using Quadratic Frequency Modulated Thermal Wave Imaging
Authors: Gopi Tilak V. , Subbarao G. V. , Vijaya Lakshmi A. , Suresh B.
Published: March 2021

Deeper defect detection and depth resolution capabilities of quadratic frequency-modulated optical stimulus became a viable approach for material inspection in active infrared non-destructive testing modality. But the limitations of complex and non-linear analytical models associated with processing techniques propel towards automated defect assessment techniques in infrared thermography. This paper introduces a deep neural network-based automatic defect detection and depth visualization technique in quadratic frequency modulated thermal wave imaging. The neural network classifier uses the modified loss function of a one-class support vector machine to classify defects. The regression network estimates the depth of classified defects. A mild steel specimen with artificial delaminations is numerically modeled and excited by a quadratic frequency-modulated heat flux. The proposed network classification and regression performances are qualitatively assessed using testing time, accuracy, and mean squared error as a figure of merits.
Wireless Sensor material Fusion based Single photon indium phosphide on silicon chip for frequency-modulated continuous-wave light detection and ranging
Authors: Selvakumar R , Singh Ngangbam Phalguni , Suman Shruti
Published: March 2021

Enormous of improvement happing in the Autonomous Vehicle Navigation Sector (AVNS), Especially in Wireless Sensory devices manufacturing materials based investigation and deployment present hotspot research. We investigated various semiconductors materials and proposing Single Photon (SP) driven silicon chip for autonomous System (AS). We also proposed an Indium Phosphide (InP) material composite design and optimization to improve the photon mobility, conductivity and frequency. Material used for fabrication of autonomous system performance is directly propositional in the following factors: thermal stability in various refractive index (nD) The proposed material InP integrated with the white phosphorus reaction with indium iodide at 250 °C, it induces the direct band gap 1.33 eV (600 and speed of electron moments scattered in all the areas. To make it intense path instead of electron we introduced single photon indium phosphide (SPInP) on silicon chip (SoC) adding with photonic integrated circuits (PICs). In this method wavelength sensitivity improved single to three pulse range various from 905 nm to 1480 nm compound attenuation reaches to 0.3833 dB/Km. Signal and detection and conversion SPInP SoC more suitably in Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) coherent based Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) integrated with Indium Phosphide photomultipliers (InPPMs) theory parameter analysis, optimized Angle of Arrival (AoA), less signal error, power ratio, distance, velocity, error detection in frequency domain and simulation desired characteristics are presented.
An Ultrafast all optical Encryption Decryption Scheme based on XOR logic for secure transmission in Optical Networks
Authors: Agarwal Vipul , Anurag Ramisetti , Ganesh Hari Siva , Ramaiah Yalavarthi Sitha
Published: March 2021

An ultrafast encryption decryption scheme is proposed at 160 Gb/s for secure transmission over optical networks. Proposed Encryption decryption circuits have been designed using semiconductor optical amplifier based XOR logic with delay interferometer. Delay interferometer is used to mitigate effect of slow carrier recovery in semiconductor optical amplifier which act as a bottleneck specially for high data rate signal transmission. The system performance is evaluated and investigated in terms of extinction ratio and quality factor. The results demonstrate that proposed scheme is feasible and offers high level of security at ultrafast data rate.
Critical Comparative Study of Robot Path Planning in Grid-Based Environment
Authors: Dhaniya R D , Umamaheswari K M
Published: March 2021

The path planning problem under two-dimensional maps is a fundamental issue in mobile robotics and other applications (unmanned vehicles, and so forth). The traditional algorithms (graph searching, artificial potential field and so forth) are used to find the shortest path that rely on grid-by-grid searching. The main disadvantage of the traditional methods is robot size is not considered and has much redundant in sharp curves which is difficult to guide a robot movement. In this paper, we compared the five baseline approaches of heuristic methods to find the optimal path which reduces the number of turns and time costs to attain a target. The experimental analysis shows that the second-order x derivative has an advantage over other baseline approaches that the search time and the number of turns are reduced.
MIMO Dual Sensing Antenna with Notch Characteristics
Authors: Mohan Reddy S S , Sanjay B , Aruna Kumari K , Madhav B T P , Prudhvi Nadh B
Published: March 2021

Design of MIMO antenna with having notch band characteristics between 2.5 GHz-3.7 GHz and 7.7 GHz-8. 6 GHz in the Ultra-wide band operating range from 2.3 GHz-9.96 GHz. For getting notch bands in UWB frequency bands, parallel stubs are kept in the ground to separate the radiating patch elements. The parallel stubs placed in the ground plane improved isolation to 18 dB. The ECC less than 0.01 at the frequency band and the DG is close to 9.5 dB. As the antenna is designed on the flexible polyimide substrate it undergone for bending analysis for different angles like 300,600and 900. The prototyped antenna measured results providing good agreement with the simulated once obtained from commercial HFSS tool. The obtained band notching characteristics will object some of the frequency applications like WLAN, WiMAX and X-band satellite communication.
Design and Analysis of Circular Patch Antenna
Authors: Kumar Bayana Lalith Venkat , Pramod Chennupalli Bhaskar , Nagendram S , Kalyan SSS
Published: March 2021

The ANSI-based circular microstrip patch antenna is designed to work at 7.4GHz and 12GHz using HFSS simulator software for various WLN (Wireless Local Area Network) applications, Bluetooth, and IoT communications. The circular patch antenna is made using FR4, which is 4.4 KE, 1.6 mm high, and has a gain of 3 dB. It tests countless antenna features such as return loss, radiation adjustment, bandwidth, directivity, antenna gain, and radiation productivity.
Facial Expression Recognition Using KERAS
Authors: Inthiyaz Syed , Muzammil Parvez M , Siva Kumar M , Sri sai Srija J , Tarun Sai M , Amruth Vardhan V
Published: March 2021

Recognition of Facial expression in technology plays a major role in many sectors. It has many advantages because of which it is very important. It is mainly used in market research and testing. Many companies require a good and accurate testing method which contributes to their development by providing the necessary insights and drawing the accurate conclusions. Facial expression recognition technology can be developed through various methods. This technology can be developed by using the deep learning with the convolutional neural networks (CNN). The main objective here is to classify each face based on the emotions shown into seven categories which include Anger, Disgust, Fear, Happiness, Sadness, Surprise and Neutrality. The main objective here in this project is, to read the facial expressions of the people and displaying them. OpenCV is used for automatic detection of faces and drawing bounding boxes around them. Face detection using the Hear cascades is a machine learning based algorithm where a cascade function will be trained with a set of input data. OpenCV contains many pre-trained classifiers for face, eyes, smile etc. The deep learning is a subset of machine learning. Deep learning is used by Google to translate the information form one language to another using deep learning approach. The network should be trained with relatively more data in deep learning.
WashingDurability:A Study onbrush painted JuteMaterial based Monopole Antenna for On-body Communication Applications
Authors: Ram Sandeep D , Prabakaran N , Madhav B T P , Annapoorna D V S , Sai Prakash Reddy K , Sai Deekshith V , Salma S
Published: March 2021

This work is intended for developing a miniaturized wearable textile antenna on the jute fabric of dimensions 20×16 mm2. The proposed antenna operates at 3.5, 4.9, and 5.8 GHz with circular polarization in all the operating bands. As part of the user's outfit, the antenna must be flexible and accommodate the wearer's clothing; for this purpose, the jute fabric in felt form is selected as a suitable substrate because of its durability andflexibility. The proposed antenna is built to withstand regular washing in the machine wash. The prototype is subjected to recurrent machine wash tests under different waters, such as soft water, hard water, and saltwater. After each wash cycle, the antenna is tested for validation. The results from all different washing conditions reveal that the antenna functions with minimal variations in the resonating frequencies. The proposedantenna's lifetime after frequent machine washing in different water conditions is also calculated using the electrochemical workstation; the results show the propounded textile antenna's robust performance.
Consideration of doses to some OARs depending on differently chosen CTV margins of lymph nodes in EBRT treatment of the stomach cancer
Authors: Osmić H , Đedović E , Marošević G
Published: March 2021

Based on the computed tomography (CT) images it is not possible to see all the lymph nodes that belong to the stomach. In radiotherapy, for a clinical target volume (CTV) delineation based on CT images, it is necessary to determine the appropriate margin around the corresponding blood vessels to make sure that all the required lymph nodes will be irradiated. The larger margin will certainly cover all the lymph nodes but it can also produce an increase of the received dose in the normal tissues. While a smaller margin can eventually spare the normal structures as a consequence it brings a higher risk of missing the suspected lymph nodes. The aim of this study was to analyse the radiation doses received by some organs at risk (OARs) in the case of the three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) treatment of the gastric cancer, for lymph node CTV margin sizes 5 mm, 7 mm and 10 mm. The study included 40 patients undergo the external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) treatment of gastric cancer. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures test and Friedman’s nonparametric test have been used for testing the statistical significance of differences among the examined groups. The difference between the examined groups has been considered significant if p < 0.05. The statistically significant differences in the dose contributions to the observed OARs (spinal cord, heart, small bowel and colon), among the examined CTVs, were found.