bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Teriparatide on Fracture Healing of Osteoporotic Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Lou Shenghan , Lv Houchen , Wang Guoqi , Zhang Licheng , Li Ming , Li Zhirui , Zhang Lihai , Tang Peifu
Published: June 2016

Purpose. This meta-analysis is to assess the effectiveness of teriparatide in fracture healing and clinical function improvement of the osteoporotic patients. Methods. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane databases for randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials comparing teriparatide to placebo, no treatment, or comparator interventions in the osteoporotic patients. Results. Five studies with 251 patients were included. Patients treated with teriparatide therapy had a significant shorter radiological fracture healing time compared with those in the control group (mean difference [MD] −4.54 days, 95% confidence interval [CI] −8.80 to −0.28). Stratified analysis showed that lower limb group had significant shorter healing time (MD −6.24 days, 95% CI −7.20 to −5.29), but upper limb group did not (MD −1 days, 95% CI −2.02 to 0.2). Patients treated with teriparatide therapy showed better functional outcome than those in the control group (standardized mean difference [SMD] −1.02, 95% CI −1.81 to −0.22). Patients with therapy duration over 4 weeks would have better functional outcome (SMD −1.68, 95% CI −2.07 to −1.29). Conclusions. Teriparatide is effective in accelerating fracture healing and improving functional outcome of osteoporotic women. However, more clinical studies are warranted in order to determine whether the results are applicable to males and the clinical indications for teriparatide after osteoporotic fractures.
New Pathogenic Concepts and Therapeutic Approaches to Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Pedraza-Chaverri José , Sánchez-Lozada Laura G. , Osorio-Alonso Horacio , Tapia Edilia , Scholze Alexandra
Published: June 2016

In chronic kidney disease inflammatory processes and stimulation of immune cells result in overproduction of free radicals. In combination with a reduced antioxidant capacity this causes oxidative stress. This review focuses on current pathogenic concepts of oxidative stress for the decline of kidney function and development of cardiovascular complications. We discuss the impact of mitochondrial alterations and dysfunction, a pathogenic role for hyperuricemia, and disturbances of vitamin D metabolism and signal transduction. Recent antioxidant therapy options including the use of vitamin D and pharmacologic therapies for hyperuricemia are discussed. Finally, we review some new therapy options in diabetic nephropathy including antidiabetic agents (noninsulin dependent), plant antioxidants, and food components as alternative antioxidant therapies.
Loxapine and Cyproheptadine Combined Limit Clozapine Rebound Psychosis and May Also Predict Clozapine Response
Authors: Aboueid Lila , McCarthy Richard H.
Published: June 2016

Clozapine has been consistently shown to be superior to other antipsychotics in the treatment of psychosis. However, clozapine usage has been limited due to required routine blood monitoring and the potential for life threatening side effects. We report a case of a 66-year-old female patient, who developed clozapine-induced agranulocytosis after 10 weeks of clozapine treatment and was subsequently successfully treated with a combination of loxapine and cyproheptadine. The combination is thought to mimic the pharmacological profile of clozapine, rendering it as a possible alternative to traditional clozapine treatment.
Possibilities of Preoperative Medical Models Made by 3D Printing or Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Salmi Mika
Published: June 2016

Most of the 3D printing applications of preoperative models have been focused on dental and craniomaxillofacial area. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the possibilities in other application areas and give examples of the current possibilities. The approach was to communicate with the surgeons with different fields about their needs related preoperative models and try to produce preoperative models that satisfy those needs. Ten different kinds of examples of possibilities were selected to be shown in this paper and aspects related imaging, 3D model reconstruction, 3D modeling, and 3D printing were presented. Examples were heart, ankle, backbone, knee, and pelvis with different processes and materials. Software types required were Osirix, 3Data Expert, and Rhinoceros. Different 3D printing processes were binder jetting and material extrusion. This paper presents a wide range of possibilities related to 3D printing of preoperative models. Surgeons should be aware of the new possibilities and in most cases help from mechanical engineering side is needed.
An Improved Approach for Estimating the Hyperparameters of the Kriging Model for High-Dimensional Problems through the Partial Least Squares Method
Authors: Bouhlel Mohamed Amine , Bartoli Nathalie , Otsmane Abdelkader , Morlier Joseph
Published: June 2016

During the last years, kriging has become one of the most popular methods in computer simulation and machine learning. Kriging models have been successfully used in many engineering applications, to approximate expensive simulation models. When many input variables are used, kriging is inefficient mainly due to an exorbitant computational time required during its construction. To handle high-dimensional problems (100+), one method is recently proposed that combines kriging with the Partial Least Squares technique, the so-called KPLS model. This method has shown interesting results in terms of saving CPU time required to build model while maintaining sufficient accuracy, on both academic and industrial problems. However, KPLS has provided a poor accuracy compared to conventional kriging on multimodal functions. To handle this issue, this paper proposes adding a new step during the construction of KPLS to improve its accuracy for multimodal functions. When the exponential covariance functions are used, this step is based on simple identification between the covariance function of KPLS and kriging. The developed method is validated especially by using a multimodal academic function, known as Griewank function in the literature, and we show the gain in terms of accuracy and computer time by comparing with KPLS and kriging.
Fractured Ribs and the CT Funky Fat Sign of Diaphragmatic Rupture
Authors: Ocak Iclal , Strollo Diane C.
Published: June 2016

Traumatic diaphragmatic rupture remains a diagnostic challenge for both radiologists and surgeons. In recent years, multidetector CT has markedly improved the diagnosis of diaphragmatic injury in polytrauma patients. Herein, we describe two cases of subacute presentation of traumatic diaphragmatic rupture from a penetrating rib fracture and subsequent intrathoracic herniation of omental fat, representing the CT “funky fat” sign.
Nominal Performance of Future Dual Frequency Dual Constellation GBAS
Authors: Gerbeth Daniel , Circiu Mihaela-Simona , Caamano Maria , Felux Michael
Published: June 2016

In this work an overview of numerous possible processing modes in future dual frequency, dual constellation GBAS is given and compared to the current GAST D standard. We discuss the individual error contributions to GBAS protection levels and give an overview of the general processing. Based on this the consequences when adding a second constellation as well as frequency are investigated. Geometrical implications and changes to the residual differential error bounds are studied separately first. In terms of geometry a comparison between the single and dual constellation case is presented using dilution of precision as metric. The influence on the different sigma contributions when using new satellites (Galileo) and signals (E1, L5, and E5a) is individually discussed based on recent measurements. Final simulations for different varying parameters are carried out to compare relevant processing modes in terms of achieved nominal protection levels. A concluding discussion compares the outcomes and analyzes the implications of choosing one or the other mode.
AcinetobacterInfections among Adult Patients in Qatar: A 2-Year Hospital-Based Study
Authors: Al Samawi Musaed Saad , Khan Fahmi Yousef , Eldeeb Yasser , Almaslamani Muna , Alkhal Abdullatif , Alsoub Hussam , Ghadban Wissam , Howady Faraj , Hashim Samar
Published: June 2016

This retrospective study was conducted at Hamad General Hospital, Qatar, to describe the demographic data, clinical features underlying diseases, antimicrobial susceptibility, and outcome ofA. baumanniiinfection. It involved all adult patients 15 years of age or older who were managed at Hamad General Hospital forA. baumanniiinfection from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2013. We identified a total of 239 patients withA. baumanniiinfection, of which 182 (76.2%) were males. The mean age was49.10±19.57years. The majority of the episodes (25.1%) occurred in elderly patients (≥65 years) and the most commonly identified site ofA.baumanniiinfection was the respiratory tract, 117 (48.9%). Most episodes of infection, 231 (96.7%), were hospital-acquired and high rate of nosocomial infections occurred in the medical intensive care unit, 66 (28.6%). All patients had underlying medical conditions. Maximum resistance was seen to cefotaxime, 147 (58.3%), and minimum resistance was seen to colistin, 2 (1.4%). Of the 239 isolates, 102 (42.7%) were susceptible and 137 (57.3%) were multidrug-resistant. The in-hospital mortality in our study was 31%. Male gender, multidrug resistance, and septic shock were found to be independent mortality predictors.
Overlapping of Serotonin Syndrome with Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome due to Linezolid-Fluoxetine and Olanzapine-Metoclopramide Interactions: A Case Report of Two Serious Adverse Drug Effects Caused by Medication Reconciliation Failure on Hospital Admission
Authors: Mazhar Faizan , Akram Shahzad , Haider Nafis , Ahmed Rafeeque
Published: June 2016

Antipsychotic and antidepressant are often used in combination for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. The concomitant use of antipsychotic and/or antidepressant with drugs that may interact can lead to rare, life-threatening conditions such as serotonin syndrome and neuroleptic malignant syndrome. We describe a patient who has a history of taking two offending drugs that interact with drugs given during the course of hospital treatment which leads to the development of serotonin syndrome overlapped with neuroleptic malignant syndrome. The physician should be aware that both NMS and SS can appear as overlapping syndrome especially when patients use a combination of both antidepressants and antipsychotics.
Maternal Feeding Styles and Food Parenting Practices as Predictors of Longitudinal Changes in Weight Status in Hispanic Preschoolers from Low-Income Families
Authors: Hughes Sheryl O. , Power Thomas G. , O’Connor Teresia M. , Orlet Fisher Jennifer , Chen Tzu-An
Published: June 2016

Objective. The aim was to investigate the influence of feeding styles and food parenting practices on low-income children’s weight status over time.Method. Participants were 129 Latina parents and their Head Start children participating in a longitudinal study. Children were assessed at baseline (4 to 5 years old) and again eighteen months later. At each time point, parents completed questionnaires and height and weight measures were taken on the child.Results. The indulgent feeding style (parent-report at baseline) was associated with increased child BMIz-score eighteen months later compared to other feeding styles. Authoritative, authoritarian, and uninvolved feeding styles were not significantly associated with increased child BMIz-score. Child BMIz-score at Time 1 (strongest) and maternal acculturation were positive predictors of child BMIz-score at Time 2. Maternal use of restriction positively predicted and maternal monitoring negatively predicted Time 2 BMIz-score, but only when accounting for feeding styles.Conclusion. This is the first study to investigate the impact of feeding styles on child weight status over time. Results suggest that indulgent feeding predicts later increases in children’s weight status. The interplay between feeding styles and food parenting practices in influencing child weight status needs to be further explored.
Atypical Chest Pain: An Unusual Presentation of Spinal Metastasis due to Penile Carcinoma
Authors: Pywell Sarah , Hasan Shumaila , Sohail Mohammad Zain , Mamarelis Georgios , Dott Cameron , Khan Mohammad Taimur , Sivanadarajah Naveethan
Published: June 2016

Spinal metastases may present in a myriad of ways, most commonly back pain with or without neurology. We report an unusual presentation of isolated atypical chest pain preceding metastatic cord compression, secondary to penile carcinoma. Spinal metastasis from penile carcinoma is rare with few cases reported. This unusual presentation highlights the need for a heightened level of clinical suspicion for spinal metastases as a possible cause for chest pain in any patients with a history of carcinoma. The case is discussed with reference to the literature.
Emerging Technology in Refractive Cataract Surgery
Authors: Saraiva João , Neatrour Kristin , Waring IV George O.
Published: June 2016

Technology in cataract surgery is constantly evolving to meet the goals of both surgeons and patients. Recent major advances in refractive cataract surgery include innovations in preoperative and intraoperative diagnostics, femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS), and a new generation of intraocular lenses (IOLs). This paper presents the latest technologies in each of these major categories and discusses how these contributions serve to improve cataract surgery outcomes in a safe, effective, and predictable manner.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Activities of Coordination Compounds of Aspartic Acid
Authors: Aiyelabola T. O. , Isabirye D. A. , Akinkunmi E. O. , Ogunkunle O. A. , Ojo I. A. O.
Published: June 2016

Coordination compounds of aspartic acid were synthesized in basic and acidic media, with metal ligand M : L stoichiometric ratio 1 : 2. The complexes were characterized using infrared, electronic and magnetic susceptibility measurements, and mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial activity of the compounds was determined against three Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacteria and one fungus. The results obtained indicated that the availability of donor atoms used for coordination was a function of the pH of the solution in which the reaction was carried out. This resulted in varying geometrical structures for the complexes. The compounds exhibited a broad spectrum of activity and in some cases better activity than the standard.
Corneal Endothelial Morphology in Children with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Anbar Mohamed , Ammar Hatem , Mahmoud Ramadan A.
Published: June 2016

Aim. To investigate corneal endothelial cell morphological in children with type 1 diabetes and to determine the systemic and local factors that contribute to these changes.Methods. One hundred sixty eyes of 80 children with type 1 diabetes and 80 eyes of 40 normal children as a control during the period from July 2015 to February 2016 underwent full clinical and ophthalmologic examination. We measured the central corneal thickness (CCT), endothelial cell density (ECD), ploymegathism, and pleomorphism using a noncontact specular microscope.Results. The mean age of the diabetic children was8.22±3.11years. The mean duration of type 1 diabetes was3.51±2.23years. The mean CCT was significantly higher:537±33.41microns (right eye), in the diabetic group compared to the control group. The mean ECD in patients with type 1 diabetes was3149.84±343.75cells/mm2(right eye), and it was significantly lower than in the control group. Furthermore, pleomorphism was significantly lower48.73±5.43% (right eye), in the diabetic group compared to the control group. The mean polymegathism was significantly higher37.96±5.61% (right eye), in the diabetic group compared to the control group. All of these changes are significantly correlated only with the duration of diabetes.Conclusions. Diabetic children have thicker corneas, lower ECD, an increased polymegathism, and a decreased pleomorphism. The duration of diabetes is the factor that affects all of these changes. To what extent these changes affect visional function on long term needs to be investigated in further studies.
A Curious Case of Acute Respiratory Failure: Is It Antisynthetase Syndrome?
Authors: Malhotra Gurveen , Ramreddy Nitya , Chua Serafin , Iliescu Mira , Kaur Tanjeev
Published: June 2016

Antisynthetase (AS) syndrome is a major subgroup of inflammatory myopathies seen in a minority of patients with dermatomyositis and polymyositis. Although it is usually associated with elevated creatine phosphokinase level, some patients may have amyopathic dermatomyositis (ADM) like presentation with predominant skin involvement. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the main pulmonary manifestation and may be severe thereby determining the prognosis. It may rarely present with a very aggressive course resulting in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We report a case of a 43-year-old male who presented with nonresolving pneumonia who was eventually diagnosed to have ADM through a skin biopsy without any muscle weakness. ADM may be associated with rapidly progressive course of interstitial lung disease (ADM-ILD) which is associated with high mortality. Differentiation between ADM-ILD and AS syndrome may be difficult in the absence of positive serology and clinical presentation may help in clinching the diagnosis.
Synchronization for a Class of Uncertain Fractional Order Chaotic Systems with Unknown Parameters Using a Robust Adaptive Sliding Mode Controller
Authors: Yan Yan
Published: June 2016

This paper deals with the synchronization of a class of fractional order chaotic systems with unknown parameters and external disturbance. Based on the Lyapunov stability theory, a fractional order sliding mode is constructed and a controller is proposed to realize chaos synchronization. The presented method not only realizes the synchronization of the considered chaotic systems but also enhances the robustness of sliding mode synchronization. Finally, some simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.
Anesthetic Management in a Gravida with Type IV Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Authors: Vue Elizabeth , Davila Juan , Straker Tracey
Published: June 2016

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is an inherited disorder of the connective tissues caused by abnormalities in collagen formation. OI may present many challenges to the anesthesiologist. A literature review reveals a wide range of implications, from basic positioning to management of the difficult airway. We present the anesthetic management of a 25-year-old gravid woman with OI, fetal demise, and possible uterine rupture, admitted for an exploratory laparotomy.
Resveratrol Reduces the Incidence of Portal Vein System Thrombosis after Splenectomy in a Rat Fibrosis Model
Authors: Xu Meng , Xue Wanli , Ma Zhenhua , Bai Jigang , Wu Shengli
Published: June 2016

Purpose. To investigate the preventive effect of resveratrol (RES) on the formation of portal vein system thrombosis (PVST) in a rat fibrosis model. Methods. A total of 64 male SD rats, weighing 200–300 g, were divided into five groups: Sham operation, Splenectomy I, Splenectomy II, RES, and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), with the former two groups as nonfibrosis controls. Blood samples were subjected to biochemical assays. Platelet apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. All rats were euthanized for PVST detection one week after operation. Results. No PVST occurred in nonfibrosis controls. Compared to Splenectomy II, the incidences of PVST in RES and LMWH groups were significantly decreased (both p < 0.05). Two rats in LMWH group died before euthanasia due to intra‐abdominal hemorrhage. In RES group, significant decreases in platelet aggregation, platelet radical oxygen species (ROS) production, and increase in platelet nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and platelet apoptosis were observed when compared with Splenectomy II (all p < 0.001), while in LMWH group only significant decrease in platelet aggregation was observed. Conclusion. Prophylactic application of RES could safely reduce the incidence of PVST after splenectomy in cirrhotic rat. Regulation of platelet function and induction of platelet apoptosis might be the underlying mechanisms.
The Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Peri-Implantitis
Authors: Romeo Umberto , Nardi Gianna Maria , Libotte Fabrizio , Sabatini Silvia , Palaia Gaspare , Grassi Felice Roberto
Published: June 2016

Introduction. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of addition of the antimicrobial photodynamic therapy to the conventional approach in the treatment of peri-implantitis.Materials and Methods. Forty patients were randomly assigned to test or control groups. Patients were assessed at baseline and at six (T1), twelve (T2), and twenty-four (T3) weeks recording plaque index (PlI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and bleeding on probing (BOP); control group received conventional periodontal therapy, while test group received photodynamic therapy in addition to it.Result. Test group showed a 70% reduction in the plaque index values and a 60% reduction in PD values compared to the baseline. BOP and suppuration were not detectable. Control group showed a significative reduction in plaque index and PD.Discussion. Laser therapy has some advantages in comparison to traditional therapy, with faster and greater healing of the wound.Conclusion. Test group showed after 24 weeks a better value in terms of PPD, BOP, and PlI, with an average pocket depth value of 2 mm, if compared with control group (3 mm). Our results suggest that antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with diode laser and phenothiazine chloride represents a reliable adjunctive treatment to conventional therapy. Photodynamic therapy should, however, be considered a coadjuvant in the treatment of peri-implantitis associated with mechanical (scaling) and surgical (grafts) treatments.
Pyrolytic Waste Plastic Oil and Its Diesel Blend: Fuel Characterization
Authors: Khan M. Z. H. , Sultana M. , Al-Mamun M. R. , Hasan M. R.
Published: June 2016

The authors introduced waste plastic pyrolysis oil (WPPO) as an alternative fuel characterized in detail and compared with conventional diesel. High density polyethylene, HDPE, was pyrolyzed in a self-designed stainless steel laboratory reactor to produce useful fuel products. HDPE waste was completely pyrolyzed at 330–490°C for 2-3 hours to obtain solid residue, liquid fuel oil, and flammable gaseous hydrocarbon products. Comparison of the fuel properties to the petrodiesel fuel standards ASTM D 975 and EN 590 revealed that the synthetic product was within all specifications. Notably, the fuel properties included a kinematic viscosity (40°C) of 1.98 cSt, density of 0.75 gm/cc, sulphur content of 0.25 (wt%), and carbon residue of 0.5 (wt%), and high calorific value represented significant enhancements over those of conventional petroleum diesel fuel.
The Association of High Prevalence of Trophozoites in Peripheral Blood with Lower Antibody Response toP. falciparumInfected Erythrocytes among Asymptomatic Children in Sudan
Authors: Mohamed Sara N. , Hassan Dina A. , El Hussein Abdelrahim M. , Osman Ihssan M. , Ibrahim Muntasir E. , Mohamed Hiba S. , Nour Bakri Y. , Abdulhadi Nasreldin H.
Published: June 2016

Background. The most prominent variant surface antigens (VSAs) ofPlasmodium falciparumare the var gene-encodedPlasmodium falciparumerythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) family, which serves as a parasite-sequestering ligand to endothelial cells. In this study we have examined the antibody reactivity of autologous plasma from symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria infected children against the infected erythrocytes’ surface antigens using flow cytometry.Methods. Ethidium-bromide-labelled erythrocytic mature forms ofP. falciparumparasites obtained from symptomatic and asymptomatic children were sequentially incubated with autologous plasma and fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated (FITC) antihuman IgG. Plasma antibody reactivity was detected by flow cytometry.Results. Asymptomatic children had more prevalence of trophozoites in peripheral blood (66%) compared to symptomatic children (16%),p=0.002. The mean percentage of infected RBCs reacting with autologous sera was 89.78 among symptomatic children compared to 79.62 among asymptomatic children (p=0.09). Moreover, the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) in the asymptomatic was significantly higher compared to symptomatic children (pvalue = 0.040).Conclusion. Variant surface antigens onPlasmodium falciparuminfected RBCs from symptomatic malaria children tend to be better recognized by IgG antibodies. This may suggest a role of some IgG antibodies in severity of malaria.
Effects of Chinese Propolis in Protecting Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells against Mastitis Pathogens-Induced Cell Damage
Authors: Wang Kai , Jin Xiao-Lu , Shen Xiao-Ge , Sun Li-Ping , Wu Li-Ming , Wei Jiang-Qin , Marcucci Maria Cristina , Hu Fu-Liang , Liu Jian-Xin
Published: June 2016

Chinese propolis (CP), an important hive product, can alleviate inflammatory responses. However, little is known regarding the potential of propolis treatment for mastitis control. To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of CP on bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T), we used a range of pathogens to induce cellular inflammatory damage. Cell viability was determined and expressions of inflammatory/antioxidant genes were measured. Using a cell-based reporter assay system, we evaluated CP and its primary constituents on the NF-κB and Nrf2-ARE transcription activation. MAC-T cells treated with bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS), heat-inactivatedEscherichia coli,andStaphylococcus aureusexhibited significant decreases in cell viability while TNF-αand lipoteichoic acid (LTA) did not. Pretreatment with CP prevented losses in cell viability associated with the addition of killed bacteria or bacterial endotoxins. There were also corresponding decreases in expressions of proinflammatory IL-6 and TNF-αmRNA. Compared with the mastitis challenged cells, enhanced expressions of antioxidant genes HO-1, Txnrd-1, and GCLM were observed in CP-treated cells. CP and its polyphenolic active components (primarily caffeic acid phenethyl ester and quercetin) had strong inhibitive effects against NF-κB activation and increased the transcriptional activity of Nrf2-ARE. These findings suggest that propolis may be valuable in the control of bovine mastitis.
Growth, Development, and Water Consumption of Irrigated Bean Crop Related to Growing Degree-Days on Different Soil Tillage Systems in Southeast Brazil
Authors: de Medeiros Gerson Araujo , Daniel Luiz Antonio , Fengler Felipe Hashimoto
Published: June 2016

Degree-days may be an alternative for predicting the influence of temperature on physiological aspects of plants in a changing climate. The objective of this research was to evaluate the relation between cumulative degree-days index (∑G) and the development, growth, and water consumption of irrigated bean under different soil tillage systems (STS). We developed an experiment in Southeast Brazil in plots managed with the following STS: chisel ploughing (CP), disk ploughing (DP), and revolving hoe (RH). The treatments did not influence the crop phenology when correlated to∑G. The parameters of canopy ground cover, leaf area index, total dry matter, and the plant height presented a highly significant relationship with∑G(P<0.05). We also compared the results of field water balance with a simulation developed between the crop coefficient and∑Gand found a strong relationship (R2= 0.93∗∗; ∗∗: high statistical significance (P<0.01)) between these measurements and the model. The total water consumption measured at the irrigated bean crop reached 383 mm, 386 mm, and 375 mm while that simulated from dual crop coefficient approach based on∑Greached 378 mm, 373 mm, and 349 mm to CP, DP, and RH, respectively, representing a mean difference of 4.2%.
Existence of Generalized Homoclinic Solutions of Lotka-Volterra System under a Small Perturbation
Authors: Mi Yuzhen
Published: June 2016

This paper investigates Lotka-Volterra system under a small perturbationvxx=-μ(1-a2u-v)v+ϵf(ϵ,v,vx,u,ux),uxx=-(1-u-a1v)u+ϵg(ϵ,v,vx,u,ux). By the Fourier series expansion technique method, the fixed point theorem, the perturbation theorem, and the reversibility, we prove that nearμ=0the system has a generalized homoclinic solution exponentially approaching a periodic solution.
Paeoniflorin and Albiflorin Attenuate Neuropathic Pain via MAPK Pathway in Chronic Constriction Injury Rats
Authors: Zhou Jianyu , Wang Linyuan , Wang Jingxia , Wang Chun , Yang Zhihui , Wang Chenglong , Zhu Yingli , Zhang Jianjun
Published: June 2016

Neuropathic pain remains as the most frequent cause of suffering and disability around the world. The isomers paeoniflorin (PF) and albiflorin (AF) are major constituents extracted from the roots of Paeonia (P.) lactiflora Pall. Neuroprotective effect of PF has been demonstrated in animal models of neuropathologies. However, only a few studies are related to the biological activities of AF and no report has been published on analgesic properties of AF about neuropathic pain to date. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of AF and PF against CCI‐induced neuropathic pain in rat and explore the underlying mechanism. We had found that both PF and AF could inhibit the activation of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) pathway in spinal microglia and subsequent upregulated proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α)). AF further displayed remarkable effects on inhibiting the activation of astrocytes, suppressing the overelevated expression of phosphorylation of c‐Jun N‐terminal kinases (p‐JNK) in astrocytes, and decreasing the content of chemokine CXCL1 in the spinal cord. These results suggest that both PF and AF are potential therapeutic agents for neuropathic pain, which merit further investigation.
One-Step Electrosynthesis of Graphene Oxide-Doped Polypyrrole Nanocomposite as a Nanointerface for Electrochemical Impedance Detection of Cell Adhesion and Proliferation Using Two Approaches
Authors: Li Yuan , Yu Chao
Published: June 2016

A novel nanointerface of graphene oxide-doped polypyrrole (GO/PPy) is prepared on the surface of an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode for electrochemical impedance detection of cell adhesion and proliferation through a facile one-step electropolymerization. The prepared GO/PPy nanocomposite had a robust surface and provided a biocompatible substrate for A549 cells adhesion and proliferation. The adhesion and proliferation of A549 cells on the surface of the GO/PPy modified ITO electrode directly increased the electron transfer resistance of [Fe(CN)6]3−/4−redox probe and influenced the impedance properties of the GO/PPy modified ITO electrode system. Based on these results, the adhesion and proliferation of A549 cells could be detected by electrochemical impedance technology using two approaches. Therefore, the present paper confirms that the GO/PPy nanocomposite film provides an excellent biological-electrical interface for cell immobilization and offers advantages of simple, low-cost fabrication and multiparameter detection and possesses potential application in cytological studies.
Enhancing Energy Efficiency of Wireless Sensor Network through the Design of Energy Efficient Routing Protocol
Authors: Zaman Noor , Tang Jung Low , Yasin Muhammad Mehboob
Published: June 2016

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is known to be a highly resource constrained class of network where energy consumption is one of the prime concerns. In this research, a cross layer design methodology was adopted to design an energy efficient routing protocol entitled “Position Responsive Routing Protocol” (PRRP). PRRP is designed to minimize energy consumed in each node by (1) reducing the amount of time in which a sensor node is in an idle listening state and (2) reducing the average communication distance over the network. The performance of the proposed PRRP was critically evaluated in the context of network lifetime, throughput, and energy consumption of the network per individual basis and per data packet basis. The research results were analyzed and benchmarked against the well-known LEACH and CELRP protocols. The outcomes show a significant improvement in the WSN in terms of energy efficiency and the overall performance of WSN.
The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Perception of Job Performance among Nurses in North West of Iran
Authors: Vahidi Maryam , Namdar Areshtanab Hossein , Arshadi Bostanabad Mohammad
Published: June 2016

Emotional intelligence skills help nurses to cope with the emotional demands of healthcare environment. The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between emotional intelligence and perception of job performance among nurses. Using a correlational descriptive design with stratified random sampling, 338 registered nurses from teaching hospitals in North West of Iran were surveyed. Emotional intelligence and perception of job performance were measured using validated self-report measures. The collected data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential methods using SPSS/13. The mean of nurses’ emotional intelligence and their perception of job performance was, respectively,235.83±37.98and157.63±33.23. There was no significant relationship between nurses’ emotional intelligence and their perception of job performance. Although there was a significant relationship between intrapersonal subscale of emotional intelligence and job performance, there was none with other subscales. In order to get rid of the physical and psychological effects of stressful work in wards, it seems that nurses just do routine activities and refuse working closely with the patients. It seems that fitting the patient to nurse ratio, dividing work between nurses, and supporting each other are necessary.
Gradient Artefact Correction and Evaluation of the EEG Recorded Simultaneously with fMRI Data Using Optimised Moving-Average
Authors: Ferreira José L. , Wu Yan , Besseling René M. H. , Lamerichs Rolf , Aarts Ronald M.
Published: June 2016

Over the past years, coregistered EEG-fMRI has emerged as a powerful tool for neurocognitive research and correlated studies, mainly because of the possibility of integrating the high temporal resolution of the EEG with the high spatial resolution of fMRI. However, additional work remains to be done in order to improve the quality of the EEG signal recorded simultaneously with fMRI data, in particular regarding the occurrence of the gradient artefact. We devised and presented in this paper a novel approach for gradient artefact correction based upon optimised moving-average filtering (OMA). OMA makes use of the iterative application of a moving-average filter, which allows estimation and cancellation of the gradient artefact by integration. Additionally, OMA is capable of performing the attenuation of the periodic artefact activity without accurate information about MRI triggers. By using our proposed approach, it is possible to achieve a better balance than the slice-average subtraction as performed by the established AAS method, regarding EEG signal preservation together with effective suppression of the gradient artefact. Since the stochastic nature of the EEG signal complicates the assessment of EEG preservation after application of the gradient artefact correction, we also propose a simple and effective method to account for it.
On ClusterC⁎-Algebras
Authors: Nikolaev Igor V.
Published: June 2016

We introduce aC⁎-algebraA(x,Q)attached to the clusterxand a quiverQ. IfQTis the quiver coming from triangulationTof the Riemann surfaceSwith a finite number of cusps, we prove that the primitive spectrum ofA(x,QT)timesRis homeomorphic to a generic subset of the Teichmüller space of surfaceS. We conclude with an analog of the Tomita-Takesaki theory and the Connes invariantT(M)for the algebraA(x,QT).
Exploration of the Dietary and Lifestyle Behaviors and Weight Status and Their Self-Perceptions among Health Sciences University Students in North Lebanon
Authors: El-Kassas Germine , Ziade Fouad
Published: June 2016

University students may experience significant environmental changes that exert a negative influence on the quality of their diet and lifestyle. There is scarcity of data concerning the dietary and lifestyle behaviors and weight status of students in the health field in North Lebanon. To investigate these data, a cross-sectional survey was conducted including 369 health sciences students aged 18–25 chosen from four public and private universities in North Lebanon. Data were collected using a standardized interview questionnaire to determine sociodemographic, dietary, and lifestyle behaviors, appetite changes, stress related dietary behaviors, and food cravings, as well as self-perceptions of dietary adequacy, physical activity levels, and weight status. Body mass index was assessed. Results had revealed significant differences in some of the dietary consumption patterns and weight status among seniors compared to juniors. However, the overall prevalence of overweight and obesity recorded 32.2% and the dietary consumption patterns fall below recommended levels. Multivariate regression analysis showed that parental obesity, comfort eating, increased appetite, food cravings, and stressful eating were associated with increased risk of obesity while a healthy diet score was associated with decreased risk. The study’s findings call for tailoring culture specific intervention programs which enable students to improve their dietary and lifestyle behaviors and control stress.
Multicenter Clinical Trial of Vibroplasty Couplers to Treat Mixed/Conductive Hearing Loss: First Results
Authors: Zahnert Thomas , Löwenheim Hubert , Beutner Dirk , Hagen Rudolf , Ernst Arneborg , Pau Hans-Wilhelm , Zehlicke Thorsten , Kühne Hilke , Friese Natascha , Tropitzsch Anke , Lüers Jan-Christoffer , Mlynski Robert , Todt Ingo , Hüttenbrink Karl-Bernd
Published: June 2016

Objective: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of round window (RW), oval window (OW), CliP and Bell couplers for use with an active middle ear implant. Methods: This is a multicenter, long-term, prospective trial with consecutive enrollment, involving 6 university hospitals in Germany. Bone conduction, air conduction, implant-aided warble-tone thresholds and Freiburger monosyllable word recognition scores were compared with unaided preimplantation results in 28 moderate-to-profound hearing-impaired patients after 12 months of follow-up. All patients had previously undergone failed reconstruction surgeries (up to 5 or more). In a subset of patients, additional speech tests at 12 months postoperatively were used to compare the aided with the unaided condition after implantation with the processor switched off. An established quality-of-life questionnaire for hearing aids was used to determine patient satisfaction. Results: Postoperative bone conduction remained stable. Mean functional gain for all couplers was 37 dB HL (RW = 42 dB, OW = 35 dB, Bell = 38 dB, CliP = 27 dB). The mean postoperative Freiburger monosyllable score was 71% at 65 dB SPL. The postimplantation mean SRT50 (speech reception in quiet for 50% understanding of words in sentences) improved on average by 23 dB over unaided testing and signal-to-noise ratios also improved in all patients. The International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids (IOI-HA)quality-of-life questionnaire was scored very positively by all patients. Conclusion: A significant improvement was seen with all couplers, and patients were satisfied with the device at 12 months postoperatively. These results demonstrate that an active implant is an advantage in achieving good hearing benefit in patients with prior failed reconstruction surgery.
MiR-410 Down-Regulates the Expression of Interleukin-10 by Targeting STAT3 in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Liu Dongmei , Zhang Na , Zhang Xiaomei , Qin Muting , Dong Youdan , Jin Lei
Published: June 2016

Background/Aims: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder, in the pathogenesis of which miRNAs play a versatile function. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of miRNA-410 on the pathogenesis of SLE in T cells of SLE patients. Methods: Real-time PCR was used to test the mRNA levels of miRNA-410 in SLE patients and healthy controls. ELISA analysis was performed to examine the production levels of IL-10. Luciferase Assay was used to confirm the targeting effect of miRNA-410 on 3'UTR of STAT3 mRNA. Results: We found that the expression level of miR-410 in T cells of SLE patients was decreased comparing to that in healthy controls, whereas overexpression of miR-410 significantly reduced the expression levels of IL-10. Furthermore, miR-410 suppresses the transcription activity of STAT3 by binding directly to the 3 'UTR of STAT3 mRNA. Moreover, silence of STAT3 down regulated IL-10 expression in CD3+ T cells. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that miR-410 is the key regulatory factor in the pathogenesis of SLE by regulating the expression of IL-10 through targeting STAT3. These data suggest a novel function of miR-410 and bring new insight into understanding the complex mechanisms involved in SLE.
A Unique Pattern of HCV Genotype Distribution on Hainan Island in China Revealed by Evolutionary Analysis
Authors: Wu Tao , Xiong Lu , Wang Fuli , Xu Xiaozhen , Wang Jiao , Lin Feng , Li Chunhua , Lu Ling , Zhou Yuanping
Published: June 2016

Background/Aims: Different genotypes of HCV may differ in both disease progression and response to antiviral therapies. Hainan Island has been inhabited by the “Li” aboriginal minority for centuries. We aimed to provide a better understanding of HCV infection on Hainan Island, so that the information would help improve strategies for HCV prevention and control on the island and in the wider country. Methods: Using RT-PCR and DNA sequencing, we determined HCV sequences from 100 patients living on Hainan Island. Results: Phylogenetic analysis classified these sequences into six subtypes: 6a (n=35), 1b (n=31), 3b (n=16), 2a (n=8), 3a (n=6), and 1a (n=4). By including reference sequences reported from elsewhere in China, phylogeographic trees were reconstructed to indicate their migration patterns. While the predominant 6a isolates were estimated to have origins in Guangdong and Guangxi provinces, the increase in 3b strains must have resulted from IDU network transmission from the southwest. A Bayesian Skyline Plot for subtype 1a, which is rare in China, showed a rapid population growth since 1998. Although slowed in rate around 2005, this growth continued to the present. Not found for any other HCV lineage. Conclusions: Overall, a delayed growth pattern may indicate the unique history of 1a dissemination in China and its recently increasing prevalence, despite measures taken to improve HCV prevention.
Liver X Receptor Agonist TO901317 Prevents Diacylglycerols Accumulation in the Heart of Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats
Authors: Harasiuk Dorota , Baranowski Marcin , Zabielski Piotr , Chabowski Adrian , Górski Jan
Published: June 2016

Background/Aims: Liver X receptors (LXRα and LXRβ) are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate expression of genes involved in lipid and cholesterol metabolism. LXR expression has been identified in the heart, and enhanced LXR activity in the streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic myocardium was reported recently. The aim of this study was to investigate effect of in vivo LXR activation on myocardial lipid metabolism under conditions of STZ-induced diabetes. Methods: Wistar rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups: non-diabetic control, treated with STZ, and treated with STZ and LXR agonist - TO901317. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitonal injection of STZ at a dose of 55 mg/kg. LXR agonist was administrated once daily in the morning by an oral gavage at a dose of 10 mg/kg/d during the last week of the experiment. After anesthesia samples of blood and the left ventricle were taken. Results: TO901317 administration increased expression of both LXR isoforms and its target genes: sterol response element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase 1 (ACC1) in the heart of streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Treatment with LXR agonist had no effect on plasma lipids and glucose in the diabetic rats. Concomitantly, content of the examined lipid classes in the diabetic heart (nonesterified fatty acids, triacylglycerols, phospholipids, cholesterol esters, ceramide) was unchanged after treatment with TO901317. On the contrary, myocardial level of cholesterol and diacylglycerols (DAG) was decreased after LXR activation in diabetic rats, the change in DAG level was associated with downregulated expression of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). Conclusion: Activation of LXRs by TO901317 protects cardiomyocytes against DAG accumulation and thus may reverse disturbances in lipid metabolism observed in streptozotocin-diabetic heart.
Microbial Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Found in Inflammatory Hidradenitis Suppurativa Lesions
Authors: Hessam Schapoor , Sand Michael , Georgas Dimitrios , Anders Agnes , Bechara Falk G.
Published: June 2016

Background: The role of bacterial colonization in hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) lesions is poorly understood. To date, data on the related microbial profile and especially on bacterial resistance rates are scarce. Methods: The results of bacterial cultures and susceptibility patterns of the isolated microorganisms obtained from deep portions of HS lesions from patients who underwent surgery at our HS Centre between 2010 and 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. Results: Analyses of 113 bacterial samples from 113 HS patients revealed bacterial growth in 95 samples (84.1%). Polymicrobial growth was found in 51 samples (45.1%). Coagulase-negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus were the most commonly isolated bacteria, followed by Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli. Data on susceptibility testing were available for 68 samples, which yielded 129 isolates. The isolated strains were primarily resistant to penicillin G, followed by erythromycin, clindamycin and ampicillin. The highest effectiveness against isolates was observed for fosfomycin, imipenem, fluoroquinolones (moxifloxacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin), and cotrimoxazole. Conclusions: Our findings on bacterial species and their topographical distribution revealed that the microbial flora in HS lesions reflects commensal flora of the skin. Due to the susceptibility rate and immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, cotrimoxazole may represent an alternative antibiotic agent and should be considered for therapy in HS patients.