bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EDUCATIONAL MODEL OF THE ROBOT
Authors:   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, FETSO BOHDAN , KELEMEN MICHAL ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, KELEMENOVA TATIANA ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VIRGALA IVAN ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, MIKOVA ĽUBICA ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, PRADA ERIK ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VARGA MARTIN ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, SINCAK PETER JAN ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, BRADA LEO ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Published: November 2024

The article deals with the design of the educational model of the robot, where, in addition to kinematics, the control system of the robot and the simulation of the robot's activity in the GAZEBO environment are also addressed. Students can train different control algorithms on this model. At the same time, a graphical interface for simulating the robot's activity is also created. The control system is composed of a low-cost embedded Arduino system, which is very easy to program and create control systems. Simulations and experiments showed the correctness of the design methodology of such a robot model.
3D PRINTING OF THIN-WALLED MODELS - STATE-OF-ART
Authors:   Kielce University of TechnologyFaculty of Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering, Bochnia J. ,   Department of Metrology and Modern Manufacturing Methods, Kozior T. ,   Kielce University of TechnologyFaculty of Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering; Department of Metrology and Modern Manufacturing Methods, Hajnys J. ,   Department of Machining, Assembly and Engineering Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB–Technical University of Ostrava
Published: November 2024

The paper presents an analysis of the state of the art regarding the production of thin-walled models using 3D printing technology. Data based on the Web of Science database was presented in quantitative terms and divided into individual areas of science. 189 publications were found in the years from 2013 to 2024, of which the most, i.e. 82 in the area of Mechanical Engineering. It was observed that some of the publications are grouped around issues related to the study of mainly mechanical properties of both samples and thin-walled cellular structures. Another group of works concerns methods of obtaining thin-walled models using 3D printing technologies. The article characterizes selected exemplary works representing individual areas of science. The need to perform tests of the mechanical properties of thin-walled elements, especially those with a thickness of less than 2 mm, was indicated. Appropriate examples were provided to demonstrate the lower mechanical properties of thin-walled elements compared to solid-type parts manufactured by 3D printing.
COMPARISON OF CHOSEN METAHEURISTIC ALGORITHMS FOR THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE ABRASIVE WATER JET TREATMENT PROCESS
Authors:   Jacob of Paradies University, Faculty of Technology, Perec A. , Kawecka E. ,   Jacob of Paradies University, Faculty of Technology, Podhajecki J. ,   Jacob of Paradies University, Faculty of Technology, Radomska-Zalas A. ,   Gorzow Center of Technology, Scientific and Technology Park, Krakowiak M. ,   Jacob of Paradies University, Faculty of Technology, Nag A. ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB – Technical University of Ostrava
Published: November 2024

Abrasive waterjet machining (AWJ) is characterized by significantly better efficiency and better precision for difficult-to-machine materials than conventional machining technologies. However, the larger number of control parameters characterizing this process needs optimization. The study compares the performance of three nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithms, ALO, GWO, and MFO for optimizing the abrasive water jet (AWJ) treatment. The Response Surface Methodology was used to determine the cost function. The study evaluates the convergence and computational cost of the algorithms to aid future developments in this field. The study aims to maximize the cutting thickness by predicting the optimal water-abrasive cutting parameters (nozzle diameter, abrasive concentration, feed speed). For all three algorithms, the maximum cutting depth was determined to be 87.47 mm, which differs only less than 3% from the actual value. The results highlight the potential of ant-lion optimization (ALO), grey wolf optimizer (GWO), and (MFO) moth-flame optimization algorithms for resolving optimization issues in AWJ machining.
Exploring the Halal Perspectives on Animal Excrement and Its Renewable Energy Products
Authors: Nasih Ahmad Munjin , Faizin Nur , Sanjaya Eli Hendrik , Sultoni Achmad , Kurniawan Cecep Soleh
Published: November 2024

Energy consumption continues to increase following the escalation of economic growth worldwide. The U.S. Energy Information Administration predicts global energy consumption will increase by 50% from 2018 to 2050, with the highest increase in Asia. But up to recently, coal and oil are still the primary sources of energy. Thus, a novel and renewable alternative energy is a necessity. Biomass is one of the most abundant renewable energy sources that come from various sources. However, the Muslim world population feels the need for an answer to the halal status of this energy source. This paper examines Islamic classical and modern legal literature on halal law concerning biomass production using ritually unclean materials such as animal manure, transaction, and distribution. This study found many differences in the views of Islamic jurists regarding biomass use, trading, and distribution to the public. This paper concludes that Islamic jurists have offered some solutions on how Muslims can use animal manure that is considered excrement to become valuable goods for the benefit of humans.
Public Interest in Salons and Spas with Islamic Nuances
Authors: pre Assyifa F. , Anshory Boike J. , Izzati Alifia W. , Norkhairiah Binti Pengiran Haji Hashim Pengiran Dr Hajah
Published: November 2024

This research is motivated by the increasing demand for women to be able to undergo beauty treatments safely and comfortably. In recent years, the salon and spa industry has played quite an important role in Indonesia. Caring for and beautifying oneself has become part of a person’s lifestyle, especially in urban areas, including Muslim women. Generally, salons and spas are open to male and female customers. Still, in countries where most of the population is Muslim, many Muslim women want a room or area for those who wear hijabs to receive treatments at salons and spas freely. Muslimah salon is a beauty salon that carries Islamic concepts or rules, not just the label. This research aims to determine how much interest the public has in salons and spas specifically for women with Islamic nuances and whether salons and spas specifically for women spread throughout Indonesia comply with Islamic rules. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method. The data collection methods used were observation and questionnaires.
Interpretations of Halal: A Comparative Analysis of Western and Eastern Ethical Frameworks
Authors: Nur Hadi
Published: November 2024

The concept of halal, deeply embedded in Islamic Sharia law, governs various aspects of daily life, including permissible foods, actions, and transactions. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of halal through Western and Eastern philosophical perspectives, drawing on Bertrand Russell’s A History of Western Philosophy and L. Adams Beck’s The Story of Oriental Philosophy. By exploring the ethical and moral viewpoints of key Western philosophers such as Plato, Aristotle, Immanuel Kant, and John Stuart Mill, alongside Eastern thinkers like Buddha, Confucius, and Lao Tzu, this study examines how these traditions interpret and evaluate halal. The analysis reveals that Western philosophy typically perceives halal as a context-specific moral rule lacking universal applicability, whereas Eastern philosophy regards it as a fundamental component of social harmony and balance. Additionally, the paper addresses critical considerations regarding the relevance and potential reductionism in interpreting halal through non-Islamic frameworks. The findings offer valuable insights into the application of ethical and moral values across diverse cultural contexts, highlighting the importance of cross-cultural understanding in contemporary global society.
Tuberculin Test Measurement at 48 and 72 hours: mismatch and clinical significance
Authors: Yela Elena , Puig Lidia , De Odriozola Mireia , Flores-Imbernon Àngels , Girado Nerea , Jacas Adrià , Llopart Mireia , Macías Carmen , Mellado Sònia , Rue Xènia , Sánchez-Encomienda Pilar , Serrats Maite , Tost Jordi , Turu Elisabet
Published: November 2024

Objective: To measure Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) at 48 and 72 hours and, if there are differences, to determine the concordance and whether it is of clinical significance (change in the TST score). Material and method: Prospective study of those admitted to prison between March and June 2023, screened by means of TST read at 48 and 72 hours by trained personnel, assessed according to criteria in force in Spain. When the measurement varied, concordance was checked using the kappa index and its clinical significance. To determine variables associated with clinical significance, bivariate and mutivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression. Results: 488 cases were studied. TST was positive in 20.1, 23.4 and 23.8% at 48 hours, 72 hours or any of them, respectively.There was more TST positive in foreigners or BCG vaccinated. The reading varied in 35.2% (mean deviation 5.5 +/–4.4 mm) and was higher at 72 hours (86% of different cases). Inter-reading concordance was excellent overall (κ = 0.892) and in BCG vaccinated (κ = 0.805), but moderate in immunocompromised (κ = 0.421). Discordance was clinically significant in 3.7% and was not associated with any variable. Discussion: TST concordance at 48-72 hours is excellent, but in some patients (3.7% in this work) the score is incorrect, more so in readings at 48 hours. The proportion is low, but can be reduced if the reading is taken at 72 hours and Interferon Gamma Release Assay tests are used in some cases (immunocompromised, etc.).
Effects of sterilization on the color of ceramic shade guides used in fixed prosthetics
Authors: Binta Cisse , Sidy Dabo Papa , Nene Thioune , Medina Fall , Malick Ndiaye Papa , Sow Massaer Malick , Babacar Mbodj Elhadji , Benjamin Djeredou
Published: November 2024

Aesthetic demands are very high in dentistry, and the color of prosthetic teeth is an important factor in success. Today, despite technological advances, the shade guide is still the most widely used instrument for determining tooth color. During the color selection process, the shade guide meets mucous membranes and saliva, making it a semi-critical material. To avoid any risk of cross-contamination, the shade guide can be sterilized. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of sterilization on the color of ceramic shade guides used in fixed prosthetics.

: This was a quasi-experimental study. The study population was the sample teeth of the VITA 3D MASTER® shade guide and the VITA CLASSICAL® shade guide, except for the bleaching samples. Brightness, chroma, hue and delta E (∆E) were studied. Before and after each cycle of 120 sterilizations, measurements were taken using the VITA EASYSHADE V® Spectrophotometer.

2 to 2 comparisons of the mean brightness values show statistically significant differences between the two shades. For the same comparison, statistically significant differences were found for the shade and ∆E of the VITA 3D MASTER® shade guide.

Sterilization leads to variations in shade guide color. Progressive wear could lead to color changes that are not clinically acceptable and could hinder the esthetic results of prostheses. It would be important to determine the number of sterilization cycles that should not be exceeded when using shade guides.
Rehabilitation of aesthetic zone with narrow maxillary ridge by staged implant protocol
Authors: Trivedi Mosam , Shetty Uttam , Joshi Mridula , Sharma Arushi , Mhatre Swapnali , Joshi Nilesh
Published: November 2024

It can be difficult to achieve an aesthetically pleasing implant-supported restoration in the maxillary anterior region. With regard to the variety of factors that could affect the therapy, the treatment planning for an implant restoration is distinct. A number of elements, including those linked to the patient, careful planning of the course of treatment, implant and abutment selection, soft tissue contour, implant axis, occlusion, and other considerations, all contribute to the final clinical result. Implant supported restorations can have more prosthetic flexibility as a result of the option to select multi-unit abutments in oral implantology. Multi-unit abutments have advantages in that they provide good fit and performance together with predictable aesthetics, which significantly increases the efficacy of prostheses supported by implants. This case report describes the rehabilitation of a 42-year-old male patient with a partially edentulous arch in the maxillary anterior area using an implant-supported restoration and a multi-unit abutment.
The Israeli Cyber Emergency Response Team (CERT) Principles of Operation: Cybersecurity Best Practices
Authors:   Israel National Cyber Directorate (INCD)
Published: November 2024

This publication describes the Israeli Cyber Emergency Response Team (CERT) principles of operation, purpose, management principles, and policies for the processing and sharing of information, by which their activities are governed when providing assistance and dealing with cyberthreats to the entire economy, including organizations and companies from all sectors, leveraging the assembling and sharing of valuable security information with all actors. The principles laid out in this document are intended to ensure transparency of the activities and that there is a balance between the nations cyberdefense needs and the protection of basic rights of the public when exercising the CERTs mission. This publication is part of the "Cybersecurity Best Practices" collection, a compendium of practices, methodologies and recommendations in cybersecurity oriented to organizations, developed by the Israel National Cyber Directorate (INCD), and adapted in this series by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), with the objective of facilitating access to this body of knowledge throughout the Latin American and Caribbean region.
The Migrant Penalty in Latin America: Experimental Evidence from Job Recruiters
Authors: Zanoni Wladimir , Fabregas Raissa
Published: November 2024

We conducted an artifactual field experiment with human resource recruiters in Ecuador to investigate the extent to which migrants are penalized in the labor market. Human resource recruiters were hired to evaluate pairs of job candidates competing for jobs. The candidate profiles were observationally equivalent, except that one was randomly assigned to be a Venezuelan migrant. Recruiters assessed job fitness, proposed wages for each candidate, and made hiring recommendations. We find robust evidence of a penalty against migrants across all dimensions. Venezuelans are penalized despite being from a population who shares cultural, historical, and linguistic characteristics with natives and has, on average, higher levels of education. We do not find evidence that recruiters demographic characteristics, experience, cognitive scores, or personality traits correlate with a preference for natives. Instead, there is suggestive evidence that jobs requiring a greater degree of local knowledge or public interface carry a higher migrant penalty.
Ultra-fast highly sensitive flexible infrared detector
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Rymzhina A.R. , Sharma P. ,   Samara National Research University,   School of Electronics Engineering (SENSE), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Podlipnov V.V. ,   Samara National Research University,   Image Processing Systems Institute, NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Artemyev D.N. ,   Samara National Research University, Tukmakov K.N. ,   Samara National Research University, Pavelyev V.S. ,   Samara National Research University,   Image Processing Systems Institute, NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Platonov V.I. ,   Samara National Research University, Mishra P. ,   Samara National Research University,   Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), Tripathi N. ,   Samara National Research University
Published: November 2024

A comparative analysis of photodetectors based on TiS2 nanosheets and on TiS2 nanosheets functionalized with silver nitrate is carried out. TiS2 nanosheets were synthesized by a chemical vapor transport technique, followed by a 1-hour ultrasonication treatment. The obtained solution was deposited between interdigitated electrodes fabricated on the surface of a flexible substrate using a dielectrophoresis process. Polyethylene terephthalate was used as a flexible substrate material. The characteristics of the fabricated photodetectors were determined by illuminating them with tunable-power laser light at 1064 nm. A significant effect of silver nitrate particles scattered in the volume of the photodetector sensitive material on its efficiency is observed. The superiority of the photodetector based on TiS2 nanosheets functionalized with silver nitrate is demonstrated. This photodetector demonstrates a significant response for all the laser light powers used (11.6, 19.6, 51, 100, and 150 mW), shows fast response (0.23±0.01 s) and recovery (0.49±0.02 s) times, coupled with high sensitivity (260∙103±7∙103 A/W), quantum efficiency (303∙103±8∙103 A/W∙nm) and detectivity (3.10∙1013±0.09∙1013 Jones) at an incident laser light power of 11.6 mW. The results obtained in this study can be used for the development and optimization of modern optoelectronic devices.
A multiscale approach to a linear programming problem for calculating a refractive optical element forming a given far-field illumination distribution
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, NRC ", Soshnikov D.V. ,   Kurchatov Institute",   Samara National Research University, Mingazov A.A. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Doskolovich L.L. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, NRC "Kurchatov Institute",   Samara National Research University
Published: November 2024

We consider an approach to the calculation of a refractive optical element generating a prescribed irradiance distribution in the far field for a plane incident beam based on a certain variational problem. We consider an explicit formulation of this problem in the form of the Monge-Kantorovich mass transfer problem. We also demonstrate a connection between the mass transfer problem and the dual linear variational problem. A numerical solution of the linear variational problem is also considered. The direct solution of this type of problem presents a huge computational complexity. To overcome this difficulty we use the so-called multiscale approach based on constructing a chain of approximations that are solutions on refining grids.
Autobiographical Reasoning and Severity of Personality Dysfunction
Authors: Wesołowski Arkadiusz
Published: November 2024

Narrative identity is defined as a personal life story that integrates an understanding of the past and an envisioned future to provide life with a sense of meaning, unity and purpose. The key process through the construction of narrative identity is autobiographical reasoning, which can be understood from the perspective of three indicators: exploratory narrative processing, meaning-making, and self-event connections. The relationship between narrative identity and personality disorders has been examined extensively over the last decade. According to the latest literature, autobiographical reasoning could be a crucial narrative indicator of the severity of personality dysfunction. However, there was no research to verify this hypothesis. The main goal of the presented research was to examine relationships between autobiographical reasoning and the severity of personality dysfunction. The analysis includes data collected from 11 volunteers using a questionnaire (Self and Interpersonal Functioning Scale [SIFS]) and Life Story Interview (Critical Events). Each statement was treated separately (N = 88) in order to enable statistical analysis. The preliminary results show that the indicators of autobiographical reasoning are negatively correlated with some of the aspects of the severity of personality dysfunction. The results support the reasonability of the approach followed in this research, and contribute to academic discussion about relationships between narrative identity and personality disorders.
Political and Community Logics of Emergent Disease Vaccine Deployment: Anthropological Insights from DRC, Uganda and Tanzania
Authors: Lees Shelley , Alcanya-Stevens Lys , Bowmer Alex , Marchant Mark , Enria Luisa , Vanderslott Samantha
Published: November 2024

With a growing number of emerging infectious diseases and the rapid development of vaccines during epidemics and pandemics, public health officials at the global and national level have reported concerns about vaccine hesitancy, often attributing this to a problem of misinformation and poor understanding of risk. However, social scientists have found that vaccination perceptions are complex and multi-faceted. By focusing on the historical, cultural and political influences that affect vaccine acceptance, as well as social justice questions that examine the fair distribution of vaccines, we explore the political and community logics of vaccine deployment using a case study approach. We found differing logics depending on the vaccine and the context and argue that political and community logics come to the forefront during outbreaks as vaccine strategies often are imposed—in different ways—by the Global North. We suggest that, prior to the development and deployment of new vaccines for emergent diseases in the Global South, political level and community logics must be acknowledged and engaged with.
Features of Landfill Reclamation in the North-Western Region of Russia
Authors: Kapelkina L.P.
Published: November 2024

Ecological and climatic features of solid municipal waste landfills in the north-western region of the Russian Federation are considered. It was noted that it is impossible to use the land for the intended purpose, stipulated by regulatory documents, immediately after completion of waste disposal. The incorrectness of the current regulatory documents in relation to the north-western region of Russia is emphasized. The expediency of reclamation in two stages is substantiated: at the first stage, the sanitary-hygienic direction is carried out – the creation of phytocenoses of anti-erosion and aesthetic purpose, at the second stage (after 2–3 decades and more) after assessment of the ecological situation in the landfill area the direction of reclamation is chosen and the target (economic) land use is established.
Intersectionality in the activity of lesbian and feminist movements in Ukraine
Authors: Shcherba Dzvenyslava
Published: November 2024

The article defines manifestations of the concept of intersectionality between Ukrainian feminist and lesbian movements. The research is based on the results of theoretical analysis and results of 13 semistructured in-depth interviews with 13 Ukrainian activists of feminist and lesbian movement from Kyiv, Kharkiv, Lviv, Uzhhorod, Odesa, Zaporizhzhia, Zhytomyr and Kherson, who were involved in feminist and lesbian movements in different periods – from the end of the 1990s to the beginning of the 2000s, in the mid-2000s and after 2014. As a result, the patterns of intersectionality between these two movements were defined.The concept of intersectional was defined in the mid-20th century by the American researcher Kimberle Crenshaw. It involved the rethinking of the concept of identity and social inequality under the influence of diverse individual experiences and socially significant characteristics. This concept became fundamental for the activity of new social movements at the end of the 20th century, in particular lesbian and feminist ones that are interrelated due to common resistance practices, ideological aspects, and people’s potential as well as the topic of the fight for women’s rights.Ukrainian feminist and lesbian movements are not exceptions, as they have manifested this intersectionality since their establishment as public social movements in Ukraine after the collapse of the USSR in 1991. This feature makes them different from the movements in countries of Western Europe and the USA, where lesbians used to be excluded from the mainstream feminist movement.After the analysis of in-depth interviews with activists of feminist and lesbian movements, it was defined that intersectionality between feminist and lesbian movements in Ukraine can be defined in ideological, thematical and practical aspects – common ideological basis, resistance practices represented in demonstrations, common actions, significant dates and topics, that prove that these 2 movements are interrelated and interconnected.
The motives of students of Kyiv higher education institutions to serve in the defence forces after the full-scale invasion of Russia into Ukraine
Authors: Stratiienko Iryna , Prokhorova Anna
Published: November 2024

The article defines students as a special category of volunteers who joined the military service despite the legislative protection from mobilization for the study period.The theoretical foundations of motivation in interdisciplinary discourse and practical experience of encouraging people to serve on the example of different countries are analyzed.The empirical part of the study consists of 15 semi-structured in-depth interviews with students of Kyiv higher education institutions. The data analysis was conducted with inductive coding using the MAXQDA24 software.Based on the analysis, the following elements of the factors shaping motivation for military service were identified and grouped, including parenting practices, degree of trust in the family, conversations on history, language, culture, and politics in the child’s field – childhood stage; active involvement in various organizations, educational programs and activities that instill leadership and civic engagement skills – adolescence stage; practices of civic and political actions and volunteering, quality of education in higher education institutions and support from the university community, social surroundings – adulthood stage.The range of motives for joining the military, which informants recorded, was classified into social (to gain or regain a social environment, to self-realize); moral and psychological (to show solidarity with those who are already at war, to overcome apathy and guilt due to lack of involvement in the fight), civic and political (to join the active struggle and take responsibility for the future of Ukraine; to participate in the development of the modern Armed Forces), and economic (to have better economic opportunities).In addition to the conclusions of the study, the article also contains recommendations aimed at increasing the volume of mobilization among students in both the long and short term.
Determination of dynamic formation pressure in the wellbore zone
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Bahshaliyeva Shirin O.
Published: November 2024

The article shows that the pressure drop in the near-wellbore zone decreases with increasing time that the well is left uncased due to the filtration of the drilling fluid filtrate into the formation. Under certain conditions, this does not pose a risk of drill string sticking. From the perspective of establishing the nature of changes in dynamic reservoir pressure behind the mud cake, the experimental studies by Johnson and Klotz (Stepanov, 1999), which determine the amount of filtrate entering the reservoir under both static and dynamic conditions, are particularly interesting. It should be noted that establishing the amount of filtrate experimentally takes into account in advance the nonlinearity of fluid movement along the borehole wall and through formation rocks. Reservoir pressure will increase to the depth of penetration of the drilling fluid filtrate, so the value of Rk is taken equal to the radius of a certain contour with formation pressure. The article shows that the dynamic reservoir pressure behind the mud cake initially rises intensively over time, and then, after a certain point, remains almost constant; the filtrate from the drilling fluid entering the formation partially displaces the reservoir fluid and fills the resulting pore space. During dynamic filtration, an intensive increase in pressure behind the mud cake occurs within 20–30 hours and depends little on the absolute values of fluid loss from the washing liquid, the thickness of the mud cake, and the initial pressure drop. Experience in drilling deep wells shows that sticking of the lower part of the drill string primarily occurs when opening productive horizons with low permeability (0.06–2) · 10–15 m2. Consequently, the ratio of the permeability of the rock of deep-lying productive horizons to that of the mud cake is approximately more than 1,000. Therefore, when opening productive horizons, pressure equalization practically does not occur, and leaving the drill string against these rock formations without movement for 15–20 minutes leads to its sticking due to the pressure difference.
Badanie wpływu domieszki bioetanolu w benzynie silnikowej na właściwości przeciwstukowe utworzonego paliwa
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Dybich Kornel , Łaczek Tomasz ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Przybek Marek ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Published: November 2024

Rynek bioetanolu w UE nieodwołalnie wkroczył w nową erę biopaliw poprzez wdrożenie unijnej dyrektywy biopaliwowej RED III, czyli dyrektywy o odnawialnych źródłach energii. Większość rządów zdecydowała się na wprowadzenie obowiązkowego dodawania biokomponentów do paliw, kontynuując polityczne wsparcie dla odnawialnych źródeł energii. Przykładem może tu być wprowadzenie do sprzedaży w transporcie samochodowym benzyny E10, zawierającej 10% (V/V) bioetanolu. Bioetanol wykorzystywany jako paliwo do silników benzynowych może być stosowany poprzez bezpośrednie zmieszanie z benzyną lub przerobiony na eter etylowo-tert-butylowy (ETBE). Pierwsze rozwiązanie, bezpośrednie dodanie do benzyny pod postacią bezwodnego etanolu o 99-proc. zawartości czystego alkoholu, jest proste do zastosowania, gdyż silniki spalinowe ZI mogą działać bez potrzeby ich modyfikacji przy zawartości w paliwie do 10% (V/V) etanolu – większe domieszki wymagają przystosowania silnika. Natomiast ETBE powstający przez syntezę bioetanolu (49%) i izobutylenu (51%) miesza się z benzyną silnikową w ilości do 15% (V/V). W artykule przedstawiono wpływ bazowych benzyn silnikowych zawierających bioetanol na parametry eksploatacyjne utworzonego biopaliwa. Procentową zawartość bioetanolu w benzynie silnikowej ustalono w granicach 15–25% (V/V). Przed rozpoczęciem badań silnikowych wykonano kontrolę parametrów jakościowych bioetanolu zastosowanego do badań liczby oktanowej na zgodność z wymaganiami normy PN-EN 15376:2014-11, poprzez analizę fizykochemiczną przeprowadzoną w INiG – PIB. Wykonano oznaczenia liczb oktanowych badawczej (LOB) i motorowej (LOM) próbek benzyn silnikowych zawierających bioetanol w zakresie 15–25% (V/V) i porównawczo oznaczono próbkę o zawartości bioetanolu na poziomie 10% (V/V), czyli maksymalnym dopuszczalnym przez normę PN-EN 228+A1:2017-06. Następnie na podstawie wyników oznaczeń liczb oktanowych próbek benzyn silnikowych z zawartością 15%, 20% i 25% (V/V) bioetanolu, podjęto odpowiednie działania w zakresie wyposażenia i pracy stanowisk silnikowych CFR Dresser Waukesha (USA) służącego do oznaczania liczby oktanowej. W zależności od zawartości bioetanolu w benzynie bazowej zgodnej z wymaganiami normy PN-EN 228+A1:2017-06 zweryfikowano zakres powtarzalności oznaczanych liczb oktanowych według najnowszych wydań norm PN-EN ISO 5164:2014-08 (LOB) i PN-EN ISO 5163:2014-08 (LOM) oraz określenie źródła niepewności wynikającego z precyzji wyznaczonej liczby oktanowej i parametrów pracy silników badawczych CFR.
Más allá de la oficina: cómo el trabajo a distancia está transformando las organizaciones
Authors: Rojas Plasencia Karina Milagros , Huanca Torres Edy Elías , Carbajal Mujica Carmen Rosa , Rivera Peirano Violeta Lidia
Published: November 2024

El trabajo a distancia ha planteado que las empresas y colaboradores expongan cuestionamientos sobre su efectividad y desarrollo. Por ello, el objetivo de esta investigación es responder la pregunta: ¿cuál es el impacto del trabajo a distancia en las organizaciones? Con esa finalidad, se desarrolla una investigación sistemática utilizando el método Prisma, el cual ha permitido encontrar, seleccionar y analizar diferentes artículos en reconocidas bases de datos como Scopus y Web of Science. En la primera búsqueda, se hallaron 54 003 artículos, los cuales fueron filtrados según diversos criterios, de manera que quedaron 30 artículos finales. Los resultados muestran que el trabajo a distancia puede tener un impacto positivo en la satisfacción laboral, el equilibrio entre el trabajo y la vida personal, la productividad y la innovación. Sin embargo, también se encontraron algunos impactos negativos, como el aumento de la fatiga, el aislamiento social y la falta de comunicación.
Innovación y desarrollo productivo en Paraguay. Un análisis de los desafíos postpandemia de la Covid19
Authors: Olmedo Barchello Selva
Published: November 2024

La innovación es un objetivo estratégico para el logro del crecimiento económico inclusivo; por ello, fortalecer las capacidades locales de investigación, desarrollo e innovación es una necesidad y un desafío para el Paraguay. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de la investigación consiste en identificar los principales desafíos postpandemia para la innovación y el desarrollo productivo de Paraguay, en el periodo 2020-2022. La metodología aplicada es de corte cualicuantitativo, a través de una revisión de la literatura en dicho campo, además se emplearon bases de datos de organismos nacionales e internacionales. Los resultados muestran una baja capacidad innovadora y, por ende, un bajo desarrollo productivo. En conclusión, esto lleva a plantear la orientación que debería de tomar o los fundamentos sobre los cuales priorizar la transformación productiva paraguaya hacia una era postpandemia, en la que es crucial disponer de capacidades estratégicas locales.
Thomas Reed. Un arquitecto del siglo XIX
Authors: Saldarriaga Alberto
Published: November 2024

Thomas Reed, nacido en 1817 en la isla de Tórtola, en el Caribe, y fallecido en Daule, Ecuador, en 1878, trabajó como arquitecto e ingeniero en Venezuela, Colombia y Ecuador entre 1843 y 1878. La mayor parte de sus obras fueron encargadas por los gobiernos de los tres países y algunas de ellas son reconocidas por su calidad, excepcional en su momento. Por ello su nombre es referencia obligada en los textos de historia de la arquitectura del siglo XIX de los tres países, y en cada uno de ellos se lo valora en forma diferente.
Thomas Reed fue un arquitecto de su tiempo, con una sólida formación académica, y un talentoso ingeniero, conocedor de los principios estructurales y del manejo de los materiales. En su obra se destacan como excepcionales el proyecto no construido del Teatro de San Pablo, en Caracas; el Capitolio Nacional y el antiguo Panóptico, hoy Museo Nacional de Colombia, en Bogotá; el Panóptico y la Escuela de Bellas Artes de Quito y el puente de Jambelí, en el Ecuador. Su empleo de los recursos del historicismo decimonónico no fue producto de la nostalgia sino propio del modo de pensar de su época. El tiempo histórico de su obra será el presente.
Eduardo Neira Alva. Aportes profesionales para el debate sobre el desarrollo territorial y la ecología urbana en América Latina, 1961-1998
Authors: Huapaya José Carlos
Published: November 2024

La particularidad de la trayectoria profesional del arquitecto y urbanista peruano Eduardo Neira Alva (1924-2005) no solo debe limitarse al Perú. Entre 1960 y 1980 Neira se mantuvo vinculado con importantes instituciones que actuaban en América Latina, creadas con la intención de fomentar el desarrollo económico de los países de la región; entre estas mencionamos el Centro de Estudios del Desarrollo (Cendes), el Banco Internacional de Desarrollo (BID) y el Instituto Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Planiﬁcación Económica y Social (Ilpes). Los cargos que asumió le posibilitaron su aproximación a profesionales de varios países y a las formas y modos empleados para el fomento del desarrollo econó mico en cada realidad. Entender el proceso de desarrollo de su pensamiento y sus aportes en el ámbito latinoamericano constituye el objetivo central de este artículo. Para tal ﬁn, nos valemos del estudio y análisis de textos representativos (algunos publicados y otros inéditos) elaborados por Neira en los mencionados ámbitos profesionales, de 1961 a 1998. Estos nos revelan su inquietud por entender los vínculos de la arquitectura con el hábitat humano y su preocupación por «ampliar escalas» pasando del desarrollo regional al planeamiento territorial, y también por discutir temas inéditos, como, por ejemplo, el ecodesarrollo.
El potencial maderero y la ecología de los bosques amazónicos del Perú
Authors: Takahashi Luis
Published: November 2024

EL bosque amazónico peruano se destruye porque en general los madereros solo aprovechan el 3% de árboles por hectárea. Esto no permite la instalación de industrias en él y deja el resto (97%) como inútiles, los que luego son quemados para usar esas áreas para la agricultura formal e informal.
En este artículo se propone el aprovechamiento de un mayor número de árboles porque la experiencia documentada de los últimos 40 años demuestra que todas las especies son útiles para algún ﬁn si se las procesa adecuadamente con simples técnicas de aserrío y secado.
El análisis demuestra que con el aprovechamiento de menos del 7% de los árboles disponibles se hará ﬁnanciera y económicamente factible la instalación de industrias primarias en el mismo bosque, creando puestos de trabajo permanentes y permitiendo un aprovechamiento sostenible y una renovación del bosque, garantizando así la conservación del entorno ecológico de la Amazonia, lo que no permite ningún otro tipo de cultivo exótico.
Hacia un urbanismo holístico: legado y topicalidad del pensamiento de John F. C. Turner en los asentamientos autoconstruidos del Cono Norte, Lima. El Ermitaño y Pampa de Cueva como casos de estudio para la activación de memoria urbana
Authors: Golda-Pongratz Kathrin
Published: November 2024

La creciente fragmentación urbana y la falta de una visión holística e integradora de las grandes aglomeraciones latinoamericanas son, al mismo tiempo, sus principales retos contemporáneos. El potencial y la riqueza de construcción de comunidad y la necesidad de inclusión de la autoconstrucción urbana, que el arquitecto John F. C. Turner en sus años en el Perú describió como «recursos de vivienda» y «arquitectura que funciona», siguen siendo poco reconocidos en la planificación urbana y territorial peruana.Partiendo del documental A roof of my own (Turner & Movshon, 1964), filmado por las Naciones Unidas, sobre el proceso de autoconstrucción de El Ermitaño, en el Cono Norte de Lima, en 2016 se inició un proyecto de activación de la memoria en el barrio. Es la base de un nuevo documental titulado Ciudad infinita. Voces de El Ermitaño (Golda-Pongratz & Flores, 2018), que retrata este mismo lugar desde una perspectiva contemporánea que la autora entiende como una herramienta propia del placemaking. Se trata, por un lado, de entender las dinámicas sociourbanas actuales recurriendo a la memoria urbana de los habitantes. Por otro lado, se pone en prueba hasta qué punto una parte poco conocida de la obra de Turner, su pensamiento hacia un concepto holístico de la construcción de lugares y su trabajo en una herramienta universal para explicar procesos del placemaking, es aplicable en lugares emblemáticos como Pampa de Cueva o El Ermitaño, en la periferia autoconstruida de Lima.El trabajo documentalista y de investigación comprende a todo el territorio que hoy ocupa Lima como un sistema interrelacionado y procura diseñar estrategias con las cuales todos los habitantes, sobre todo en áreas clave, ecológicamente importantes y físicamente frágiles, puedan participar activamente como actores y protagonistas responsables de la protección del patrimonio cultural y del equilibrio ecológico de su hábitat.
Activarse desde la periferia. Estrategias y tácticas de desplazamiento en bicicleta y a pie en El Rincón de Suba (Bogotá)
Authors: Ducasse Arthur , Lucas Maëlle
Published: November 2024

En este artículo describimos las tácticas y estrategias que adoptan los habitantes de El Rincón, en Bogotá, cuando se movilizan caminando o en bicicleta. El barrio de El Rincón es una unidad de planeamiento zonal (UPZ) ubicada en el noroccidente de la ciudad, en la localidad de Suba, caracterizado por su alta densidad poblacional y su topografía de difícil acceso. La investigación se basa en un trabajo etnográfico de largo plazo (de febrero de 2021 a julio de 2022). Se realizaron observaciones de las prácticas de movilidad a pie y en bicicleta, entrevistas semiestructuradas y recorridos comentados, con el objeto de describir las estrategias que emplean los habitantes para salir de la UPZ y las tácticas que utilizan  paramovilizarse en un entorno saturado. Los desplazamientos a pie y en bicicleta parecen ayudar a mitigar el impacto de la congestión vehicular y a tener un mayor control sobre la duración y las condiciones de los trayectos diarios.
Maani Letters and Their Influence in Facilitating Islamic Jurisprudence Analytical Study of Waw Athaf Letters in Ahkam Verses/ حروف المعاني وأثرها في تيسير الحكم الفقهي واو العطف نموذجا، دراسة تحليلية في بعض آيات الأحكام
Authors: Abuzaid Mail Wasfy Ashour , Baddiny Ramdan Fawzy
Published: November 2024

The letters of meanings are a linguistic topic that the fundamentalists borrowed in the field of fundamentals, and they may have added appreciable additions to it to achieve the goal of lending it to science. This is because of its importance in deducing legal rulings. This appears in the way fundamentalists deal with it in their books, ancient and modern. But there is another essential feature, which is that the conjunctions, or the letters of meanings, by contemplating the places they appear in the verses of rulings - and the hadiths of rulings by extension - we found that they have an essential effect in deducing rulings on the one hand, and in facilitating jurisprudential rulings on the other hand. The fundamentalists have worked hard to explain the meanings of the letters of meaning, including the conjunctions, and to explain the impact of this on deducing legal rulings. They have made great efforts in doing so. They based many of the deduction rules on rules in the Arabic language. This research focuses on the letter waw, as it is one of the conjunctions of the meaning letters, and shows its effect in deriving legal rulings while presenting its role in facilitating jurisprudential rulings, which is consistent with the intention of the law and its will in basing rulings on facilitation.
Knowledge Representation and Knowledge Reasoning in Square{most} and Square{all}
Authors: Yang Feifei , Zhang Xiaojun
Published: November 2024

Making much of reduction operations, this paper firstly proves the validity of the generalized syllogism 1,EMO− and then infers the other 14 valid generalized ones from EMO−1. That is to say that these syllogisms are reducible. The reason why these syllogisms are reducible is that the quantifiers in Square{all} can be mutually defined, and that so can the quantifiers in Square{most}. All proofs in this paper are deductive reasoning. All proofs in this paper are deductive reasoning, therefore this work is consistent. It is hoped that this paper not only benefits the study of modern logic, but also further development of inference machines.
QUALE ITALIANO PARLIAMO OGGI? IL GERGO GIOVANILE DELLA MUSICA HIP-HOP
Authors: Astori Davide
Published: November 2024

L’italiano contemporaneo sta subendo numerosi, e velocissimi, cambiamenti. Nell’impossibilità, all’interno di una breve presentazione, di illustrarne tutti i tratti salienti in un (velleitario) tentativo di ampia contestualizzazione, si preferisce proporre un exemplum recentissimo, e particolarmente eloquente, ripreso dal fenomeno hip-hop, che investe il gergo giovanile mostrando, pur nella sue più intime specificità, alcuni tratti più generali del fenomeno, non ultimi la profonda influenza dell'inglese sull'italiano e l’importanza dell’età come fattore incidente sulle variazioni del parlato. Nello specifico, si analizzerà e si commenterà il testo «Louboutin» (contenuto nell’omonimo album), singolo – uscito il 25 giugno 2020 – di Vale Pain, artista di origini peruviane, nato a cresciuto nel quartiere milanese di San Siro, attualmente considerato uno dei maggiori esponenti del genere drill in Italia, in collaborazione con il rapper Rondodasosa, originario del medesimo quartiere, dove, fra l’altro, è stata girata la maggior parte del video ufficiale.
UNA PROSPETTIVA INTERCULTURALE PER L’INSEGNAMENTO DELL’ITALIANO IN SERBIA: DALLA RIFLESSIONE TEORICA ALLA STRUMENTO OPERATIVO
Authors: Balboni Paolo E.
Published: November 2024

Il tema verrà affrontato in un percorso articolato in tre passi:1. La natura della “cultura”, intesa come modo di vivere quotidiano, quella che si trova nelle pagine apposite dei manuali e che si può ricavare dai mezzi di comunicazione di massa: la grammatica culturale è fondamentale per poter comunicare, ma non è l’elemento motivante per attrarre e poi conservare studenti di italiano;2. La natura della “civiltà”, intesa come insieme di valori culturali, identitari, come modo di pensare e di concepire il proprio essere italiani rispetto a tutti gli altri popoli: è quanto può attrarre gli studenti a scoprire che studiare l’italiano significa andare oltre la differenza tra passato prossimo e remoto o conoscere le 20 regioni;3. L’individuazione dei punti critici nella comunicazione interculturale tra serbi e italiani: verrà indicato un modello di osservazione, perché è una “grammatica” in progress, le due società cambiano giorno dopo giorno; ciascuno deve crearsi la propria grammatica interculturale, sulla base delle sue esperienze dirette, di quel che guarda o legge. Questa attività che compara l’identità e gli strumenti comunicativi dello studente serbo con quelli italiani è la più potente fonte di motivazione a restare in contatto con l’Italia.