bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Transformation in Higher Education
Authors: Padmanabhan Sindu
Published: September 2023

The digital age has had profound impacts on society, economy, and culture. It has revolutionized how we work, learn, communicate, and entertain ourselves. However, it has also brought challenges, including concerns about privacy, cybersecurity, information overload, and the digital divide between those who have access to technology and those who do not. Navigating the digital age requires digital literacy, critical thinking, and responsible use of technology to harness its potential while mitigating its risks. In practically every aspect of the digital age, it is evident that evolving information and communication technologies have an impact on and even transform things. These quick changes and alterations around the globe have an impact on learning settings and educational institutions. Digital transformation has been one of these values. The majority of kids are now raised in a digital environment due to the growing usage of technology in daily life and educational settings.
Developing Professional Competencies in Managerial Personnel of Preschool Education Systems
Authors: Arinushkina Anna A.
Published: September 2023

Developing the professional competencies of managerial personnel in the general education system has relevance due to a change in the federal educational standard, “A Professional Standard for the Principal of an Educational Organization,” which distinguishes the role of the principal of a preschool. The preschool becomes part of general education (Voynov), so there is an urgent need to synchronize the content, methods, and training programs to ensure a “seamless transition.” This task requires a review and update of the advanced professional competencies of preschool principals and filling the professional deficits that arise from regulatory changes for preschool education. This chapter focuses on highly informative cases and makes a significant contribution to contemporary literature.
“Accessible Class” as a Promising Technology for Training Managerial Personnel in Education
Authors: Morozov Alexander V. , Samborskaya Lyubov N.
Published: September 2023

The technology “Accessible Class” allows combining online with offline and creating conditions close to the real presence in the classroom, fully immerse oneself in learning processes, and stay in touch with the class. Students at a distance work on an equal basis with students in the classroom. The “Accessible Class” technology allows connected students, along with students in the classroom, to raise their hand, respond, and write on the blackboard. At any time, each participant of the lesson sees and hears each other, can verbally continue the answer, or writes a solution from home on the classroom's electronic board. If the lesson is held without an electronic board, all participants, including the teacher, use personal computers. Classes are held in a virtual classroom using an unlimited number of virtual whiteboards, a set of virtual tools that provides all connected people with equal opportunities to verbally respond and write from home so that all participants simultaneously hear and see the virtual board and other connected people.
Students' Meta-Skill of Cooperation Through the Creation of Project Teams
Authors: Lopanova Elena V. , Savina Natalya V. , Golubchikova Marina G. , Kharchenko Svetlana A. , Kotlyarova Tatyana S.
Published: September 2023

The chapter provides a theoretical justification for the progress of the skill of cooperation (collaboration) as a necessary component of the set of “4K” – metacompetence of a modern specialist. The possibilities of project training in the educational and professional activities of students including the use of electronic information and educational environment are shown. The concept of “a project team” is redefined in relation to the educational process of university. The results of practical implementation of students' project team building in the educational process of a university are presented.
Problems of Social, Cultural, and Linguistic Adaptation
Authors: Mashkina Olga A. , Arinushkina Anna A.
Published: September 2023

The chapter analyzes the psychological and mental characteristics of Chinese students studying in Russian universities, focusing on difficulties of their adaptation to socio-cultural and learning environments. The purpose is to identify those factors that can increase the motivation of Chinese students to study. The authors argue that studying abroad allows young people not only to experience a new profession in high demanded on the global labor-market, or improve their skills, but also to open their minds through understanding another country's cultural and technical achievements, traditions, mental values, different working, and living standards. This approach is considered as an example of practice in developing training programs for Russian students studying Chinese. The chapter significantly contributes to the growing importance of studying the Chinese language in the Russian educational space and improving the quality of training in this area.
Parents' Satisfaction With Their Access to Preschool Education in the Russian Advanced Special Economic Zones
Authors: Kuznetsov Andrei N. , Skobeltsina Ksenia N.
Published: September 2023

The chapter presents the results of a sociological study of the satisfaction of parents with their access to education in preschool institutions in Russia, and the focus is on priority territories and advanced special economic zones. The available educational environment – i.e., infrastructure and equipment of preschool institutions, their transport, digital and financial accessibility – were studied with specially developed questionnaires. The relevance of the research is due to the Russian national objectives for the effective socio-economic development of the country, which associates with accessibility of quality education. The chapter reviews the contemporary Russian and international studies focused on the satisfaction of the population with the existing educational infrastructure and the quality of educational services in preschool institutions. The results can be applied to the development of educational environment in other world's regions. The questionnaires can be further used to conduct monitoring of the dynamics of population satisfaction with the availability of education.
Detection of Cyber Threats From Suspicious URLs Using Multi-Classification Approach
Authors: Mohanty Sanjukta , Nanda Sourav , Rout Rupayan , Kumar Arpan , Acharya Arup Abhinna , Panda Namita , Agrawal Vansam
Published: September 2023

The existing research concentrated on the binary classification of whether the website is malicious or benign; but a few researchers adopted a multiclass classification framework to filter out the attacks from compromised URLs. The intruders spread the attacks through a malicious URL and upon clicking download the viruses and redirect the user to malicious websites. This chapter proposes a machine learning (ML) approach based on URL lexical features, to identify multiple cyber-attacks like phishing, malware, spam, and defacement attempted through URLs. The authors have created their own dataset, consisting of 29 lexical features of the URL and the model is trained on the basis of these features. Different ML classifiers were used for evaluating the URL features and generating an optimal base model. The 10-fold cross-validation method is adopted to train and test each observation. The experiments show that bagging implementation of a decision tree classifier achieves an accuracy of 94.1% in detecting different attacks from the malicious URL by simply considering the lexical feature of the URL.
FaceTrace
Authors: Khurshid Salman , Ansari Aamir , Verma Ayush , Singh Piyush Pratap , Khari Manju
Published: September 2023

A person's attendance is crucial in determining their presence and attentiveness. An organisation, college, or a school daily requires attendance to monitor its employees and students. When done the old-fashioned way, managing attendance can take much time. This work focuses on a user-friendly and reliable method of keeping track of attendance considering the times. This chapter proposes an Android-based online attendance application, FaceTrace, that can be used to record attendance. It facilitates paperless attendance. It is an automated and user-friendly facial recognition attendance system designed to automate attendance tracking using facial recognition. With this application, the students can mark their attendance by scanning their faces into the camera, while teachers can take manual attendance whenever necessary. The application generates detailed attendance reports in PDF format. It eliminates the need for manual attendance taking regular paper attendance saving valuable. It is accessible from any device, making it an ideal solution for educational institutions of all sizes.
Implementation and Analysis of Various Machine Learning Algorithms for the Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Matlab
Authors: Voruganti Hindumathi , Endla Ameya , Vaibhavi B. , Vatadi Kavya Sri , Chalichemala Jennifer
Published: September 2023

Early infancy may see the onset of symptoms, but it may take several visits to a pediatrician before a diagnosis is made. Long questionnaires, skilled medical experts, and occupational therapists are needed for subjective diagnosis of Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which is a combination of developmental defects that causes social and behavioral deficits. This proposed work focuses on analyzing multiple machine learning models, constructed using MATLAB, to identify ASD using the ABIDE (Autism brain imaging data exchange) dataset, such as random forest, k nearest neighbors (K-NN), support vector machine (SVM), and decision trees. A considerable number of ASD patients and non-ASD controls were collected from 17 research and clinical institutes throughout the world as part of the global cooperative project ABIDE to create the dataset known as ABIDE. The main benefit of this mechanism is that it may quickly and objectively replace time-consuming exams now utilized in practice by utilizing recent advancements in machine learning and neuroimaging techniques.
Leveraging IoT and Machine Learning for Improved Health Prediction Systems
Authors: Thottempudi Pardhu
Published: September 2023

Machine learning (ML) is a powerful tool that unveils hidden insights from internet of things (IoT) data. These technologies enhance decision-making in education, security, business, and healthcare. In healthcare, they automate tasks such as maintaining records, predicting diagnoses, and monitoring patients in real time. However, different ML algorithms perform differently on various datasets, influencing results and clinical decisions. Understanding these ML algorithms and their application in handling IoT data in healthcare is crucial. This chapter highlights key ML algorithms for classification and prediction, providing an in-depth overview of their role in analyzing IoT medical data. The analysis reveals that different ML prediction algorithms have unique limitations, necessitating careful selection based on the dataset type for accurate healthcare predictions. The chapter also illustrates the use of IoT and ML in predicting future healthcare trends.
Orange Peel-Facilitated Adsorption of Methylene Blue Dye
Authors: Chaudhari V. R. , Goswami Ajaygiri K. , Kulkarni Sunil Jayant
Published: September 2023

The current studies deal with the use of low-cost orange peels as an adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution in the batch adsorption experiment in the laboratory. The adsorption of methylene blue dye on an orange peel was examined on the basis of different parameters such as dye concentration, quantity of adsorbent, particle size of orange peel, pH, and contact time between adsorbent and adsorbate. Also, effects of these parameters on adsorption were studied. The adsorption was favorable for acidic pH. Maximum adsorption takes place at pH 6. Also, the removal efficiency increases with adsorbent dosage. Adsorbent dosage of 0.5 g shows considerable dye removal. Dye color removal rate increases with increase in contact time between adsorbent and adsorbate. The Langmuir model fits better to the adsorption equilibrium data. The adsorption capacity of orange peel is quite low. Orange peel can be used as a substitute for expensive adsorbent as it is a cheap and bio adsorbent.
Role of Cryptography, Blockchain, and Digital Forensics in Vehicular Networks
Authors: Behura Aradhana
Published: September 2023

Secure routing is challenging due to its dynamic topology change, energy consumption, connectivity, delay, high velocity, and congestion of vehicles. The essential features, for example, security, device heterogeneity, bandwidth, multihop routes, congestion, and malicious node detection, are the critical constraints in planning the secure QoS (quality of service) based schemes for VANET. The author explained a detailed review regarding types of outliers that may be possible in the vehicular network. It is a comprehensive review of cryptography, blockchain, and digital forensics role in VANETs. In this review, some features, applications, protocols, challenges, performance analyses and limitations of various technologies are carried out, and the future direction of the existing routing protocols, which will help to compare results with the proposed new algorithm. This chapter demonstrates how these existing methods have suggestively enriched the performance and provided technical direction for vehicular researchers.
Studies on Electroencephalogram for Upper Limb Rehabilitation
Authors: Ghosh Ritwika , Ghosh Ahona , Saha Sriparna
Published: September 2023

Upper limb movement decoding from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is an emerging field that has gained increasing attention over the past few years for its application in healthcare. It involves EEG signals to predict and control upper limb movements, which can benefit patients with motor impairments. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art techniques and applications of EEG-based upper limb movement for different societal benefits. The second section of the survey discusses EEG signal characteristics and acquisition, as well as different steps involved in processing motor imagery signals for upper limb rehabilitation. The third section of the survey examines the applications of EEG-based on upper limb movement decoding for a better quality of life and societal welfare. The fourth section focuses on the technical and practical challenges, emerging trends, and future research directions, followed by concluding remarks in the fifth section.
Looking at Special Education From Both Sides Now
Authors: Siker Jody R.
Published: September 2023

Successful outcomes of the IEP process depend on the relationships developed between school professionals and the families of students with disabilities. Family members who are also special education professionals bring insight and a unique skill set for building collaborative partnerships that are the cornerstone of family-centered services in special education. Their stories provide a window into the experiences of family members, the experiences of school professionals and the distinct roles for each as members of an IEP team. Results from seven interviews indicate that IEP meetings are difficult, emotional, and contain power imbalances, even when the family member has institutional knowledge and professional experience. Lessons from the interviews support the ways that effective alliances can be established with all families, including culturally diverse families. Some suggestions to improve family member participation include frequent communication with families, using a facilitator for contentious meetings, having a clear agenda, and asking for parent input early and often.
Setting the Stage for the Future
Authors: Sands Michelle M. , McGuire Stacy N.
Published: September 2023

Across the lifespan, students with disabilities may experience a variety of transitions. However, transition between preschool and kindergarten often necessitates transdisciplinary collaboration, planning, and coordination between practitioners (teachers, administrators, and support staff) and families to ensure that students with disabilities experience a successful start to what many consider to be “formal schooling.” In this chapter, the authors provide practitioners, administrators, as well as preservice and in-service professionals guidance in the use of transdisciplinary practices that meaningfully and actively engage all families of students with disabilities throughout the transition to kindergarten process. Current research, evidence-based practices and strategies, specific guidelines for implementation, and vignettes are used to describe opportunities that exist to better implement the existing conceptual framework and stronger collaborative efforts between practitioners and families.
Integrating Technology Into Early Childhood Education
Authors: Roemen Brynn , Schmitz Debbie Golos , Moder Autumn
Published: September 2023

The benefits of technologies in early childhood education have been increasingly recognized. Researchers have also begun to explore how technology might be used in early childhood Deaf education settings to collaborate with families to support Deaf children's language and literacy development and overall well-being. The purpose of this chapter is to share evidence-based practices early childhood educators can utilize to integrate technology in early childhood Deaf education instruction as well as to communicate with families. This includes ways to share resources and strategies with families from diverse backgrounds to support language, literacy, and well-being of Deaf children through technology. These recommendations can be beneficial both to educators and families in Deaf education as well as the greater field of special education.
Optimized Design Method of Dry Type Air Core Reactor Based on Multi-Physical Field Coupling
Authors: Li Xiangyu , Zhao Xunwei
Published: September 2023

A 3D simulation model of dry-type air core reactors is established through the multi-physical-field coupling method based on an electromagnetic-temperature-structural field, and the electromagnetic distribution characteristics, temperature, and structural deformation of the reactor are analyzed. The inductance, temperature rise, structural deformation, and amount of metal conductors of the reactor are the optimization parameters. Initially, the sample data was obtained through the orthogonal test method and multi-physical-field coupling simulation; then, the VIKOR (Vise Kriterijumski Optimizacioni Racun) method was used to equalize and control the electromagnetism, temperature rise, structural deformation, and metal conductor consumption of the reactor. Finally, multi-physical-field coupling technique is used to verify the correctness of the method. The results show that the inductance deviation of the optimized reactor is 4.51%, the highest temperature and the maximum deformation of the encapsulation coil are reduced by 13.5% and 0.52%, and the metal conductor mass of the coil increases by 7.57%, which meet the design requirements.
O manual da Unesco “La sociedade y la educación en América Latina” (1962)
Authors: Daniel Leziany Silveira
Published: September 2023

O manual La sociedad y la educación en América Latina, de 1962, de autoria principal de Robert Havighurst, da Universidade de Chicago, é objeto e fonte principal de análise deste artigo, que tem como objetivo analisar e refletir sobre os discursos construídos acerca dos projetos de educação e de sociedade engendrados para a América Latina, pensados no interior da Unesco (Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura). Para tanto, entende-se esta fonte como um manual didático construído para ser utilizado em cursos de formação de professores pela América Latina, atendendo aos propósitos de divulgar e de uniformizar determinado discurso interpretativo acerca da realidade latino-americana.
Universitárias contra regimes ditatoriais
Authors: Schmitt Silvana
Published: September 2023

Este artigo socializa pesquisa comparada realizada no Brasil e Espanha, sobre a militância feminina no movimento estudantil universitário, em períodos ditatoriais. Para tanto, parte de reflexões sobre o contexto histórico, a questão de gênero e a organização estudantil. As fontes utilizadas são essencialmente primárias, dos arquivos das polícias políticas de ambos os países.  O artigo pretende recorrer e socializar sobre as condições comuns de inserção das mulheres na vida pública, as características específicas de militância e violência sofridas, em função da questão de gênero, bem como as contribuições fundamentais das mulheres no processo de luta contra as violências emanadas do estado, no processo de organização e reorganização do movimento estudantil universitário, em ambos os países.
Present Status and Future Developmental Perspectives of Pole and Line Fishery in Sri Lanka
Authors: Bandaranayake K. H. K. , Gunasekera S. S. , Jayasinghe R. P. Prabath K. , Maldeniya Rekha
Published: September 2023

Pole and line fishery is one of the oldest traditional techniques employed in tuna fishing in the Indian Ocean including Sri Lanka, which is mainly targeted to exploit skipjack tuna. This fishery has fallen to a relatively low level of significance during the past three decades. The potentialities for the expansion of pole and line fishery in Sri Lanka are regained with the possible negative consequences allied with the drift gill net in the region. The present study attempts to understand the factors that hinder the practice of gear progressively in past decades while providing necessary recommendations for the future expansion of the fishery. Scarcity of Dipterygonotus balteatus (Redbait), the main live bait species used in the fishery is one of the main reasons documented in the literature. The present findings based on Dr Fridtjof Nansen survey in 2018 revealed that the resource is abundant in the waters but requires an efficient harvesting technique. The impediment factor which hindered the popularization of the fishery is the deficiency of free schools of skipjack tuna where more than 99% of the surface tuna were found to be concentrated beyond the fishing range of existing practices. The commercialization of pole and line fishery in Sri Lanka will be feasible primarily with the modernization of the fishery which includes vessel upgrades, introduction of Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs), forecasting of free tuna schools, and efficient methods to harvest live bait and secondarily through proper awareness and skill development.
Oviposition-Site Selection and Egg-Hatching of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Leaf Infusions of Three Invasive Plants Found in Sri Lanka
Authors: Chathurangi N. E. , Gunathilaka R. A. K. M. , Ganehiarachchi G. A. S. M.
Published: September 2023

Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) are the main human arboviral vectors in Sri Lanka. The oviposition behaviour of Aedes mosquitoes determines their survival and population dispersion. Using varying concentrations of plant leaf infusions is a vital technique in determining mosquito oviposition behaviour. The objective of this study was to evaluate the oviposition behavior and egg-hatching rate of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus to three leaf infusions of three invasive plants found in Sri Lanka. The oviposition media were prepared using guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus), alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides) and Austroeupatorium (Austroeupatorium inulifolium). Each oviposition medium was prepared in four different concentrations: 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The ovitraps were placed in a rubber plantation in Rathnapura district, Palmadulla, Sri Lanka in order to determine the oviposition site selection towards those leaf infusions. Different plant infusions have a significant effect on the oviposition and egg hatch rate of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Accordingly, the highest number of eggs has been laid in ovitraps with a 25% concentration of M. maximus infusion. The ovitrap positivity index values were highest in A. philoxeroides at 25%, 50% and 75% concentrations; M. maximus at 25%, 50% and 100% concentrations; and A. inulifolium at 25% and 75% concentrations. Despite the type of infusion and concentration, the egg-hatching rate was highest on the second day of rearing. Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus responded differently to different plant infusions based on the plant species and biomass employed. The study shows that organic matter infusions composed of guinea grass improve trap effectiveness and attract females more effectively than ovitraps using aerated tap water. The use of leaf infusions of guinea grass at 25% concentration as an attractant in combination with lethal substances to control container-breeding mosquito species is suggested as a strategy in integrated pest management.
Nutrition Literacy for Human Health: A Review on Current Global and Sri Lankan Scenario
Authors: Chandrasekara Rivishani , Jayasinghe Madhura
Published: September 2023

Food literacy has been used in certain research to define a similar notion as nutrition literacy. This involves comprehending nutrition information and taking action on that knowledge to promote nutrition goals and social well-being. On a broader array, the competence to make decisions that encourage an individual’s health and a sustainable food system while focusing on environmental, social, economic, cultural, and political aspects. Preventing non-communicable diseases and malnutrition necessitates multi-level strategies that encourage individuals to take charge of the variables that are directly within their control, such as improving their dietary patterns, avoiding tobacco, and engaging in physical activity. Everyday dietary choices have an impact on a person’s health, including their body weight and several non-communicable disease risk factors like cholesterol levels and blood pressure levels. Nutrition and food literacy is essential for anyone’s well-being and fights against non-communicable illnesses.
Efficacy of a gluten-free diet in reducing the widespread pain index and symptom severity scale in patients affected by fibromyalgia
Authors: Bruzzese V. , Marrese C. , Scolieri P. , Pepe J.
Published: September 2023

Objective. Dietary interventions to improve fibromyalgia (FM) symptoms reported conflicting results. This study aimed to treat FM patients with a gluten-free diet (GFD), alternated with a non-restricted gluten-containing diet, followed by a rechallenge of the GFD.
Methods. Twenty postmenopausal women with FM and no history of celiac disease participated. A GFD was assigned for 6 months. This was followed by 3 months of a non-restricted gluten-containing diet and then a new GFD for another 6 months. At each visit, the widespread pain index (WPI) and the symptom severity scale (SS) scores were evaluated.
Results. The mean age of the patients enrolled was 53.9±10 years. None of the patients had a diagnosis of irritable bowel disease, although they reported vague gastrointestinal symptoms. After 6 months of a GFD, a statistically significant reduction was observed for the WPI (10.3±1.8 vs 7.7±1.4; p<0.0001) and the SS scale (6.4±1.8 vs 4.15±1.6; p=0.0002). The D percentage reduction of the WPI after 6 months of GFD was -24%±9%, while for the SS scale, it was -36%±21%. The following reintroduction of a gluten-containing diet brought about a statistically significant rise in the absolute SS scale and WPI, as well as a D modification of the WPI (21%±13%) and of the SS scale (74%±90%). The rechallenge of the GFD showed a significant improvement in absolute and D WPI (-24%±7%) and SS (-36%±11%). No modifications to the body mass index were found.
Conclusions. A GFD improved FM symptoms evaluated with WPI and SS. This was confirmed for the first time, also with a rechallenge of the GFD that followed a non-restricted gluten-containing diet.
Acute severe gouty arthritis secondary to isotretinoin toxicity in a young male: a case report
Authors: Meena D.S. , Kumar D. , Bohra G.K.
Published: September 2023

Acute gouty arthritis is a recognized complication of hyperuricemia and one of the most common forms of inflammatory arthritis in adults. Drug-induced hyperuricemia is increasingly prevalent in clinical practice. Diuretics, antitubercular medications, and immunosuppressants are the common drugs associated with hyperuricemia. Oral isotretinoin is the drug of choice for different forms of severe acne and is rarely associated with hyperuricemia. We present the case of a 30-year-old male with severe acne vulgaris who was prescribed isotretinoin and later presented with acute gout. The patient developed hyperuricemia and swelling of the right first metatarsophalangeal joint within two months of isotretinoin commencement. There was a second episode of similar joint swelling three months later, parallel to the isotretinoin rechallenge. The dose of isotretinoin was reduced with the addition of febuxostat. The patient did not develop further episodes and remained symptom-free without urate-lowering therapy.
Discrepancies between clinical and pathological findings seen at renal biopsy in rheumatological diseases
Authors: Deniz R. , Güner N. , Ekmen Ş.A. , Mutlu İ.N. , Özgür D.S. , Karaalioğlu B. , Akkuzu G. , Yıldırım F. , Kalkan K. , Güzelant-Özköse G. , İnce B. , Erdoğan M. , Özlük Y. , Kılıçaslan I. , Bes C.
Published: September 2023

Objective. Renal biopsy contributes to the diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment of many rheumatic conditions. This study assessed the diagnostic role and safety of renal biopsies in a tertiary rheumatology clinic.
Methods. Renal biopsies performed between June 2020 and December 2022 were screened, and demographic, clinical, histopathological, and safety data were collected from patient records.
Results. In this study, 33 males and 38 females were included. Except for 1 patient who received acetylsalicylic acid, antiaggregant, and/or anticoagulant drugs were stopped before the biopsy. Complications included a decrease of hemoglobin in 8 patients (11.3%) and microscopic hematuria in 40 patients (56.3%). Control ultrasonography was performed in 16 patients (22.5%), and a self-limiting hematoma was found in 4 of them (5.6%) without additional complications. While less than 10 glomeruli were obtained in 9 patients (9.9%), diagnosis success was 94.4%. Histopathological data were consistent with one of the pre-biopsy diagnoses in 54 of 67 cases (80.6%) but showed discrepancies in 19.4% (n=13) of patients. A repeat biopsy was performed in 7 patients for re-staging or insufficient biopsy.
Conclusions. Renal biopsy significantly contributes to rheumatology practice, especially in patients with complex clinical and laboratory findings or in whom different treatments can be given according to the presence, severity, and type of renal involvement. Although the possibility of obtaining insufficient tissue and the need for re-staging and repeat biopsy in the follow-up might be expected, complication risk does not seem to be a big concern. Renal biopsy often evidenced discrepancies between pre-biopsy diagnosis and histopathological findings.
Mission Indradhanush and Intensified Mission Indradhanush—Success Story of India’s Universal Immunization Program and the Role of Mann Ki Baat in Bridging the Immunization Gap
Authors: Dhawan Veena , Chakraborty Ashish B. , Dhandore Suhas , Dhalaria Pritu , Agarwal Disha , Singh Ajeet Kumar
Published: September 2023

Child immunization is crucial for reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs). The program grew over the years, however, progress towards full immunization coverage (FIC) remained slow, with only 44% of children fully immunized in 1992-1993, and 62% in 2015-2016, as reported in the National Family Health Survey. To address this challenge, Government of India launched Routine Immunization intensification drive- Mission Indradhanush (MI) in 2014, with the aim of achieving 90% FIC. The success of MI led to the launch of Intensified Mission Indradhanush (IMI) in 2017, with more intensive planning, monitoring, review, and inter-sectoral partnerships.
Analysis of radiological measurement parameters that can predict the type of treatment to be applied in odontoid fractures: Clinical research
Authors: Ogden Mustafa , Erdogan Ahmet Melih , Karagedik Mustafa Ilker , Baser Selcuk , Bulut Ibrahim Umud , Sevimoglu Ozge , Yuksel Ulas , Bakar Bulent
Published: September 2023

Introduction:

Although various conservative and surgical treatment methods have been proposed, treatment options for patients with odontoid fractures remain controversial. This study was conducted to determine some demographic and radiological measurement parameters that can predict treatment options in patients with odontoid fractures.

Materials and Methods:

The patients were separated into the surgery (−) group (n = 9) and the surgery (+) group (n = 10). Patient data were recorded of age, gender, type of odontoid fracture, morphological measurement results obtained from computed tomography images, treatment regimens, duration of stay in the hospital, and mortality rate. In the operating room, a halo-vest corset or Philadelphia-type cervical collar was applied to the surgery (−) patients after the reduction of the fracture under fluoroscopy. Anterior odontoid lag screw fixation was performed on surgery (+) patients.

Results:

The amount of displacement of the fractured odontoid, the distance between the C1 vertebra and the odontoid process, the angle between the posterior wall of the odontoid process and the posterior wall of the clivus, the slip angle, and the anterior to posterior width of the spinal canal were not different between the groups. No difference was determined between the groups in respect of the amount of lateral displacement of the odontoid process in the spinal canal in the axial plane and the angle of the fractured odontoid process with the C2 vertebral body.

Conclusion:

This preliminary study showed that the demographic data and radiological measurement parameters analyzed in the present study could not be used as predictive markers either in decision-making for treatment modality or mortality risk.
Survey on Knowledge and Attitudes toward Hearing Loss and Assistive Listening Technology among Educational Professionals
Authors: Parmar Mansha , Arun Anant
Published: September 2023

Introduction:

Based on review of the literature, the academic difficulties secondary to hearing loss have been well documented, as have been the effectiveness of assistive technology (hearing aids, cochlear implants, and FM systems) and efficacy of additional classroom modifications to decrease the degradation of auditory stimuli for listeners with hearing loss. This is an important issue due to the number of school aged children with hearing loss.

Aims and Study:

The purpose of this study was to determine classroom teachers’ knowledge of and experience with students with hearing loss.

Methodology:

Subjects were teachers who were recruited via email addresses obtained through websites . Schools were selected based on their districts being contracted for educational audiology services. Recruitment emails were sent to 300 teachers with different grades were selected. A 35-item questionnaire was created through Google form, a survey generating website. This questionnaire was used to obtain information about teachers ’opinions, experience, and familiarity about the impact of hearing loss in the classroom. Questions regarding willingness to work with students with hearing loss were also included.

Results:

Were based on Experience/Knowledge of Hearing Loss, Willingness to Work with Children with Hearing Loss & familiarity about the hearing loss in children.

Conclusion:

The study indicated that teachers do not generally receive specific education regarding working with children with hearing loss. The majority of teachers who did have education obtained it from schooling or continuing education/seminars.
Legal system-oriented telecom fraud detection, identification and prevention
Authors: Liu Zhaoling
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION: With the development of technology, telecom fraud is appearing more and more frequently and causing more and more harm.OBJECTIVES: This paper focused on the detection, identification, and prevention of telecom fraud.METHODS: Firstly, the telecom fraud crime was analyzed, the existing legal system was explained, and some suggestions on the protection of telecom fraud were proposed at the legal level. Then, the characteristics of telecom fraud users were analyzed to point out the differences between fraud users and normal users in terms of call, message, and traffic behavior. Finally, the Boosting algorithm was used to detect and identify telecom fraud.RESULTS: The experiments found that the boosting algorithm had advantages in the detection and recognition of telecom fraud compared with the algorithms such as support vector machine and random forest algorithms. Among several boosting algorithms, the CatBoost algorithm performed the best, with an accuracy of 0.9465 and an F1 value of 0.9047.CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate the reliability of the CatBoost algorithm in detecting and recognizing telecom fraud, and it can be applied in practice.
RBOIRA: Integrating Rules and Reinforcement Learning to Improve Index Recommendation
Authors: Yu Wenbo , You Jinguo , Niu Xiangyu , He Jianfeng , Zhang Yunwei
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION: The index is one of the most effective ways to improve the database query performance. The expert-based index recommendation approach cannot adjust the index configuration in real time. At the same time, reinforcement learning can automatically update the index and improve the recommended configuration by leveraging expert experience.OBJECTIVES: This paper proposes the RBOIRA, which combines rules and reinforcement learning to recommend the optimal index configuration for a set of workloads in a dynamic database.METHODS: Firstly, RBOIRA designed three heuristic rules for pruning index candidates. Secondly, it uses reinforcement learning to recommend the optimal index configuration for a set of workloads in the database. Finally, we conducted extensive experiments to evaluate RBOIRA using the TPC-H database benchmark.RESULTS: RBOIRA recommends index configurations with superior performance compared to the baselines we define and other reinforcement learning methods used in related work and also has robustness in different database sizes.
Artificial intelligence to reduce misleading publications on social networks
Authors: Ubillús José Armando Tiznado , Ladera-Castañeda Marysela , Pacherres César Augusto Atoche , Pacherres Miguel Ángel Atoche , Saavedra Carmen Lucila Infante
Published: September 2023

In this paper we investigated about the potential problems occurring worldwide, regarding social networks with misleading advertisements where some authors applied some artificial intelligence techniques such as: Neural networks as mentioned by Guo, Z., et. al, (2021), sentiment analysis, Paschen (2020), Machine learning, Burkov (2019) cited in Kaufman (2020) and, to combat fake news in front of such publications by social networks in this study were able to identify if these techniques allow to solve the fear that people feel of being victims of misleading news or fake videos without checking concerning covid-19. In conclusion, it was possible to detail in this paper that the techniques applied with artificial intelligence used did not manage to identify misleading news in a deep way. These techniques used are not real-time applications, since each artificial intelligence technique is separately, extracting data from the information of social networks, generating diagnoses without real-time alerts.
Fluctuations of dimer heights on contracting square-hexagon lattices
Authors: Li Zhongyang
Published: September 2023

We study perfect matchings on the square-hexagon lattice with

1\times n

periodic edge weights and with one of the following boundary conditions: (1) each remaining vertex on the bottom boundary is followed by

(m-1)

removed vertices; (2) the bottom boundary can be divided into finitely many alternating line segments, each of which has a fixed positive length in the scaling limit, such that all the vertices along each line segment are either removed or retained.
In case (1), we show that under certain homeomorphism from the liquid region to the upper half-plane,
the height fluctuations converge to the Gaussian free field in the upper half-plane. In case (2), when the edge weights

x_1,\ldots,x_n

in one period satisfy the condition that

x_{i+1}=O(\frac{x_i}{e^{N\alpha}})

, where

\alpha>0

is a constant independent of

N

, we show that the height fluctuations converge to a sum of independent Gaussian free fields.
Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacteria Bloodstream Infections in Peru and Associated Outcomes: VIRAPERU Study
Authors: Krapp Fiorella , García Coralith , Hinostroza Noemi , Astocondor Lizeth , Rondon Claudia R. , Ingelbeen Brecht , Alpaca-Salvador Hugo A. , Amaro Catherine , Aguado Ventura Carla , Barco-Yaipén Evelyn , Bocangel Fernandez Cesar , Briones Alexander , Burgos Antonio , Campana Rene , Castillo Kelly , Castañeda-Sabogal Alex , Coaquira Angelica , Concha-Velasco Fátima , Cuadros Edwin Cuaresma , Chincha Omayra , Diaz Juan Carlos , Díaz Sipión Roberto , Fernandez Victor , Hueda-Zavaleta Miguel , López Enrique , Valera-Krumdieck María , Vásquez Rubén , Vidaurre Torres Ana María , Villegas-Chiroque Miguel , Sarmiento Lopez Favio , Sullón Zavaleta Pedro Alberto , Sierra Chavez Elizett , Paricahua Peralta Eduardo , Peralta Córdova Teresa , Pino-Dueñas Jimena Edith , Jacobs Jan
Published: September 2023

Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance among gram-negative bacteria (GNB) is of critical importance, but data for Peru are not available. To fill this gap, a non-interventional hospital-based surveillance study was conducted in 15 hospitals across Peru from July 2017 to October 2019. Consecutive unique blood culture isolates of key GNB (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp.) recovered from hospitalized patients were collected for centralized antimicrobial susceptibility testing, along with linked epidemiological and clinical data. A total of 449 isolates were included in the analysis. Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs) was present in 266 (59.2%) GNB isolates. Among E. coli (n = 199), 68.3% showed 3GC resistance (i.e., above the median ratio for low- and middle-income countries in 2020 for this sustainable development goal indicator). Carbapenem resistance was present in 74 (16.5%) GNB isolates, with wide variation among species (0% in E. coli, 11.0% in K. pneumoniae, 37.0% in P. aeruginosa, and 60.8% in Acinetobacter spp. isolates). Co-resistance to carbapenems and colistin was found in seven (1.6%) GNB isolates. Empiric treatment covered the causative GNB in 63.3% of 215 cases. The in-hospital case fatality ratio was 33.3% (92/276). Pseudomonas aeruginosa species and carbapenem resistance were associated with higher risk of in-hospital death. In conclusion, an important proportion of bloodstream infections in Peru are caused by highly resistant GNB and are associated with
high in-hospital mortality.
Provider and User Acceptability of Integrated Treatment for the Control of Malaria and Helminths in Saraya, South-Eastern Senegal
Authors: Afolabi Muhammed O. , Diaw Aminata , Fall El Hadji Babacar , Sall Fatimata Bintou , Diédhiou Adams , Seck Amadou , Camara Baba , Niang Diatou , Manga Isaac A. , Mbaye Ibrahima , Sougou Ndèye Mareme , Sow Doudou , Greenwood Brian , Ndiaye Jean Louis A.
Published: September 2023

Integration of vertical programs for the control of malaria, schistosomiasis, and soil-transmitted helminthiasis has been recommended to achieve elimination of malaria and neglected tropical diseases (NTD) by 2030. This qualitative study was conducted within the context of a randomized controlled trial to explore the perceptions and views of parents/caregivers of at-risk children and healthcare providers to determine their acceptability of the integrated malaria-helminth treatment approach. Randomly selected parents/caregivers of children enrolled in the trial, healthcare providers, trial staff, malaria, and NTD program managers were interviewed using purpose-designed topic guides. Transcripts obtained from the interviews were coded and common themes identified using content analysis were triangulated. Fifty-seven study participants comprising 26 parents/caregivers, 10 study children aged ≥ 10 years, 15 trial staff, four healthcare providers, and two managers from the Senegal Ministry of Health were interviewed. Thirty-eight of the participants (66.7%) were males, and their ages ranged from 10 to 65 years. Overall, the integrated malaria–helminth treatment approach was considered acceptable, but the study participants expressed concerns about the taste, smell, and side effects associated with amodiaquine and praziquantel in the combination package. Reluctance to accept the medications was also observed among children aged 10 to 14 years due to peer influence and gender-sensitive cultural beliefs. Addressing concerns about the taste and smell of amodiaquine and praziquantel is needed to optimize the uptake of the integrated treatment program. Also, culturally appropriate strategies need to be put in place to cater for the inclusion of children aged 10 to 14 years in this approach.
«Crime is a kind of moral disease ...»: ideas about the means and methods of treatment and prevention of criminal behavior in the Anglo-American socio-cultural sphere in the late XVIII – early XIX centuries
Authors: Васильева С.А.
Published: September 2023

В статье рассматриваются особенности общественного отношения к преступности и преступному поведению в англо-американской пенитенциарной мысли. Отказ от карательной парадигмы уголовного правосудия, в рамках которой общество стремилось избавиться от криминальных элементов, предопределил формирование пенитенциарной системы, главной целью которой стало исправление преступника и восстановление его социальной полезности. Возникает тенденция рассматривать пре- ступное поведение как социальную болезнь, пенитенциарий – как место и условие изле- чения преступника, а труд и религиозное обращение рассматриваются в качестве основ- ных средств общественной терапии.

The article examines the peculiarities of public attitudes to crime and criminal behavior in Anglo-American penitentiary thought. The shift of the punitive paradigm of criminal justice (in which society sought to get rid of criminal elements by means of death penalty or expulsion) predetermined the formation of the national penitentiary system, the main purpose of which was the correction of the criminals and the restoration of their social usefulness. There is a tendency to consider criminal behavior as a social disease, the penitentiary as a place and condition for the cure of the criminal, and labor and religious conversion are considered as the main means of social therapy.
Glaciers and lakes of the Skalisty’j (Rocky) ridge of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania
Authors: Тавасиев Р.А.
Published: September 2023

В статье критически рассмотрены литературные данные по ледникам и озерам, расположенным на склонах Скалистого хребта в пределах Республики Север- ная Осетия-Алания (Центральный Кавказ). Имеющиеся литературные данные по этому вопросу противоречивы. Проведены исследования на наличие современных ледников и озер. Выявлено 36 ледников и 35 озер.

The article critically examines literature data on glaciers and lakes located on the slopes of the Skalisty’j (Rocky) Range within the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania (Central Caucasus). The available literature evidence on this issue is contradictory. Studies have been conducted for the presence of modern glaciers and lakes. 36 glaciers and 35 lakes were identified.