bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study on Rheological Properties and Strength Variation of High Concentration Cemented Unclassified Tailings Backfill
Authors: Yang Shijiao , Xing Xing , Su Shuai , Wang Fulin
Published: February 2020

This experimental study presents the rheological properties and strength characteristics of cemented unclassified tailings backfill (CUTB). The particle size distribution and chemical properties of tailings from the Shizhuyuan lead‐zinc mine were examined experimentally. A series of rheological properties and uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) tests were conducted to study the relations between the rheological properties of CUTB and two factors of cement‐tailings ratio (c/t) and solid content (SD). The two‐factor nonrepetitive analysis of variance (ANOVA) method was used to study the sensitivity of rheological properties to two factors of c/t and SD. Relations between UCS performance of CUTB and c/t, SD, and curing time (CT) were discussed. Results indicate that CUTB samples exhibit obvious shear thinning characteristics and the rheological process is the result of multiple rheological model composites. Yield stress and viscosity of CUTB increase with the increase of SD and c/t as quadratic. The solid content is the most important factor for the rheological properties of CUTB, followed by c/t. UCS of CUTB increases exponentially with the increase of SD and increases with c/t as quadratic. The larger the ratio of c/t, the greater the influence of the CT on the increasing strength of CUTB. The smaller the c/t, the slower the increase of the CUTB’s strength with the increase of the SD. The findings of this study can provide the efficient mix proportion of backfill slurry for the backfill mining design, so as to have better performance of the underground mining structure and reduce the cost of backfill mining.
Wind Speed-Independent Two-Source Energy Balance Model Based on a Theoretical Trapezoidal Relationship between Land Surface Temperature and Fractional Vegetation Cover for Evapotranspiration Estimation
Authors: Wang Xiao-Gang , Kang Qing , Chen Xiao-Hong , Wang Wen , Fu Qing-Hua
Published: February 2020

An accurate estimation of terrestrial evapotranspiration over heterogeneous surfaces using satellite imagery and few meteorological observations remains a challenging task. Wind speed (u), which is known to exhibit high temporal-spatial variation, is a significant constraint in the abovementioned task. In this study, a wind speed-independent two-source energy balance (WiTSEB) model is proposed on the basis of a theoretical land surface temperature (Tr)-fractional vegetation coverage (fc) trapezoidal space and a two-stage evapotranspiration decomposing method. The temperatures in theoretically driest boundaries of the Tr-fc trapezoid are iteratively calculated without u by using an assumption of the absence of sensible heat exchange between water-saturated surface and atmosphere in the vertical direction under the given atmospheric condition. The WiTSEB was conducted in HiWATER-MUSOEXE-12 in the middle reaches of the Heihe watershed across eight landscapes by using ASTER images. Results indicate that WiTSEB provides reliable estimates in latent heat flux (LE), with root-mean-square-errors (RMSE) and coefficient of determination of 68.6 W m−2 and 0.88, respectively. The RMSE of the ratio of the vegetation transpiration component to LE is 5.7%. Sensitivity analysis indicates WiTSEB does not aggravate the sensitivity on meteorological and remote sensing inputs in comparison with other two-source models. The errors of estimated Tr and observed soil heat flux result in LE overestimation/underestimation over parts of landscapes. The two-stage evapotranspiration decomposing method is carefully verified by ground observation.
Nonlinear Vibration Analysis of a Rotating Disk-Beam System Subjected to Dry Friction
Authors: She Houxin , Li Chaofeng , Tang Qiansheng , Wen Bangchun
Published: February 2020

In this work, a continuum model is proposed to simulate and interpret the coupling vibration characteristics of a rotating disk-beam system with the dovetail interfaces. The dovetail interface feature is represented by a macroslip dry friction model. The present study also derives a new mode function to simulate the vibration of a rotating beam with loosely assembled dovetail attachment. The new proposed mode function is validated by comparing the natural characteristics and vibration response with those obtained from a finite element (FE) model. At last, based on the nonlinear response results obtained by the Newmark-β method, the effects of different parameters on the nonlinear dynamics of the coupling system are discussed. The following interesting phenomena have been revealed: the flexible disk can impose different influences on the response characteristics of the rotating beam. The effects of dry friction on the beam’s energy dissipation are significant, especially at a low rotational speed. Further analysis yields that the excitation level and friction coefficient also exhibit a significant impact on the damping effect of dry friction. Consequently, it should be noted that the optimal values of the contact surface’s parameters allow achieving a better damping effect in the engineering practice.
Global State-Feedback Control for Switched Nonlinear Time-Delay Systems via Dynamic Gains
Authors: Ye Hui , Jiang Bin , Yang Hao , Zhao Gui-Hua
Published: February 2020

In this paper, the problem of global state-feedback control is investigated for a class of switched nonlinear time-delay systems. In order to obtain a less-conservative common dynamic gain update law across subsystems, we construct different dynamic gain update laws for individual subsystems. Based on multiple Lyapunov function approach and adding one power integrator technique, the delay-independent controllers for all subsystems and a proper switching law are designed to guarantee that the states of the switched nonlinear time-delay systems can be globally asymptotically to the origin; meanwhile, all the signals of the closed-loop system are bounded. Finally, an example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Truncated ASPP2 Drives Initiation and Progression of Invasive Lobular Carcinoma via Distinct Mechanisms
Authors: Schipper Koen , Drenth Anne Paulien , van der Burg Eline , Cornelissen Samuel , Klarenbeek Sjoerd , Nethe Micha , Jonkers Jos
Published: February 2020

Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) accounts for 8%–14% of all breast cancer cases. The main hallmark of ILCs is the functional loss of the cell–cell adhesion protein E-cadherin. Nonetheless, loss of E-cadherin alone does not predispose mice to mammary tumor development, indicating that additional perturbations are required for ILC formation. Previously, we identified an N-terminal truncation variant of ASPP2 (t-ASPP2) as a driver of ILC in mice with mammary-specific loss of E-cadherin. Here we showed that expression of t-ASPP2 induced actomyosin relaxation, enabling adhesion and survival of E-cadherin–deficient murine mammary epithelial cells on stiff matrices like fibrillar collagen. The induction of actomyosin relaxation by t-ASPP2 was dependent on its interaction with protein phosphatase 1, but not on t-ASPP2–induced YAP activation. Truncated ASPP2 collaborated with both E-cadherin loss and PI3K pathway activation via PTEN loss in ILC development. t-ASPP2–induced actomyosin relaxation was required for ILC initiation, but not progression. Conversely, YAP activation induced by t-ASPP2 contributed to tumor growth and progression while being dispensable for tumor initiation. Together, these findings highlight two distinct mechanisms through which t-ASPP2 promotes ILC initiation and progression.

Significance:

Truncated ASPP2 cooperates with E-cadherin and PTEN loss to drive breast cancer initiation and progression via two distinct mechanisms. ASPP2-induced actomyosin relaxation drives tumor initiation, while ASPP2-mediated YAP activation enhances tumor progression.
Epigenetic Marks Repressing Gluconeogenesis in Liver and Kidney Cancer
Authors: Leithner Katharina
Published: February 2020

Gluconeogenesis is frequently suppressed in tumors arising in gluconeogenic organs and reexpression of a gluconeogenesis enzyme, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBP1), was found to inhibit tumor growth. In this issue of Cancer Research, Liao and colleagues show that histone H3 trimethylation on lysine 27, induced by polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), is responsible for downregulating FBP1 in liver and kidney cancer cells. Moreover, they identified FBP1 repression as an important downstream mechanism of PRC2-mediated carcinogenesis. FBP1 inhibits glycolysis but also directly interferes with PRC2 function, thus FBP1 and PRC2 are part of a novel negative feedback loop that is deregulated in liver and kidney cancer.

See related article by Liao et al., p. 675
Translating Basic Science Discoveries into Improved Outcomes for Glioblastoma
Authors: Dirks Peter B. , Gilbert Mark R. , Holland Eric C. , Maher Elizabeth A. , Weiss William A.
Published: February 2020

Members of the scientific and clinical neuro-oncology community met in April 2019 to discuss the current challenges and opportunities associated with translating basic science discoveries in glioblastoma for improved survival of patients. A summary of key points of these discussions is presented in this article.
Circular RNA hsa_circ_0014130 Inhibits Apoptosis in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer by Sponging miR-136-5p and Upregulating BCL2
Authors: Geng Ying , Bao Yongxia , Deng Lili , Su Dongju , Zheng Hongyan , Zhang Wei
Published: February 2020

Previous studies indicated that circular RNAs (circRNA) played vital roles in the development of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although hsa_circ_0014130 might be a potential NSCLC biomarker, its function in NSCLC remains unknown. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the role of hsa_circ_0014130 in the progression of NSCLC. The levels of hsa_circ_0014130 in NSCLC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were determined by qRT-PCR. In addition, the expressions of Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 in A549 cells were detected with Western blot analysis. Meanwhile, the dual luciferase reporter system assay was used to determine the interaction of hsa_circ_0014130 and miR-136-5p or Bcl-2 and miR-136-5p in NSCLC, respectively. The level of hsa_circ_0014130 was significantly upregulated in NSCLC tissues. Downregulation of hsa_circ_0014130 markedly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of A549 cells via inducing apoptosis. In addition, downregulation of hsa_circ_0014130 inhibited the tumorigenesis of subcutaneous A549 xenograft in mice in vivo. Meanwhile, mechanistic analysis indicated that downregulation of hsa_circ_0014130 decreased the expression of miR-136-5p–targeted gene Bcl-2 via acting as a competitive “sponge” of miR-136-5p. In this study, we found that hsa_circ_0014130 was upregulated in NSCLC tissues. In addition, hsa_circ_0014130 functions as a tumor promoter in NSCLC to promote tumor growth through upregulating Bcl-2 partially via “sponging” miR-136-5p.

Implications:

In conclusion, hsa_circ_0014130 might function as a prognostic factor for patients with NSCLC and might be a therapeutic target for the treatment of NSCLC in future.
Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses of Brain 18Fluoro-Deoxy-Glucose Positron Emission Tomography in Primary Progressive Aphasia
Authors: Nuvoli Susanna , Tanda Giovanna , Stazza Maria Lina , Madeddu Giuseppe , Spanu Angela
Published: February 2020

Background: A primary progressive aphasia (PPA) diagnosis is generally based on clinical criteria, but often symptoms and signs may overlap in the different forms. Recent data have evidenced that brain 18fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) could support the clinical diagnosis, since specific metabolic patterns are described for the different variants. Aims: We further evaluated the usefulness of 18F-FDG PET, by both visual qualitative (QL) and quantitative (QN) methods in the initial diagnosis of PPA, focusing on the classification of different variants. Moreover, we also analyzed the role of 18F-FDG PET in clarifying the association of PPA with the early phase of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or frontotemporal (FTD) dementias. Methods: We consecutively enrolled 35 patients with clinical symptoms of aphasia, suspect of or attributable to PPA. Patients were classified into two groups: 18 cases with clinical symptoms of aphasia but normal neuropsychological tests and an unclear classification of a specific PPA variant (group A) and 17 cases with clinical and neuropsychological signs attributable to PPA with an uncertain differential diagnosis between AD and FTD (group B). All patients underwent brain 18F-FDG PET/CT, and images were evaluated both by QL and QN, the latter applying an automated analysis program that produced brain regional metabolicmaps and normal age-matched control group comparative analysis (zscore). Results: 18F-FDG PET showed different patterns of bilateral cortical hypometabolism in the two groups. The combined use of QL and QN permitted to achieved a correct PPA variant diagnosis in 8 of 18 (44.4%) cases of group A and in 14 of 17 (82.3%) of group B, while only QN could support the correct classification of PPA variants in 10 of 18 (55.6%) cases of group A and in 3 of 17 (17.7%) cases of group B in whom the procedure better localized the hypometabolic areas. Conclusions: Brain 18F-FDG PET had an elevated performance in the early diagnosis of PPA variants and in the advanced PPA AD/FTD classification. QL clarified the development of AD or FTD in advanced PPA cases and supported the differential diagnosis of a PPA variant in a few early cases. QN 18F-FDG PET evaluation better contributed to the early diagnosis of an unclear metabolic pattern. To correctly identify all cases, patients with diffuse cortical hypometabolism were also included. Larger series are necessary to confirm these data.
The Effects of Carbenoxolone against Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in a Mouse Model
Authors: Chen Ying , Hu Zhaoqi , Li Rui , Qiu Wei , Hu Xueqiang , Zhou Zhiming
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex demyelinating disease involving central nervous system (CNS). It is still a challenge to secure an effective therapeutic strategy against this disease. Carbenoxolone (CBX) is a derivative of glycyrrhetinic acid, which is widely used in brain research for its gap-junction inhibition effects. Many researchers have observed CBX-mediated suppression of CNS inflammation in their studies. Objective: We want to further examine its anti-inflammation effects in CNS demyelinating disease like MS. Methods: Thus, our study applied an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model and examined the effects of CBX on it. Results and Conclusions: We found that CBX significantly reversed the EAE severity and pathology in EAE. IL-17-secreting and IFN-γ-secreting CD4+ T lymphocytes were remarkably lower in the spleen of CBX-treated mice. Production of IL-23 and IL-17 from cortex in EAE animals was markedly reduced by CBX. Furthermore, CBX treatment increased the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. This study provides evidence for the protective role of CBX against EAE.
The Ameliorating Effect of Switching to Vonoprazan: A Novel Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker in Patients with Proton Pump Inhibitor Refractory Non-Erosive Reflux Disease
Authors: Abe Yasuaki , Koike Tomoyuki , Saito Masahiro , Okata Tomoki , Nakagawa Kenichiro , Hatta Waku , Asanuma Kiyotaka , Uno Kaname , Asano Naoki , Imatani Akira , Masamune Atsushi
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Weakly acidic reflux has been reported to be the major cause of symptoms in patients with proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-refractory nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) undergoing PPI treatment. We previously reported that reflux at pH 4–5 was the main factor that induced symptoms in such patients. The present study aimed to elucidate the symptom-ameliorating effect of vonoprazan (VPZ) by evaluating the change in the pH value of the refluxate using multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH (MII-pH) monitoring. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the records of MII-pH monitoring in 29 symptom index (SI) and/or symptom association probability (SAP)-positive patients with PPI-refractory NERD. After switching to VPZ 20 mg/day, we performed MII-pH monitoring again. We assessed the change in the score of the frequency scale for the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (FSSG), the pH value of the refluxate, and the percent times of intragastric pH <4 or <5 before and after switching. We divided the patients into the following 2 groups according to the FSSG score after switching: effective and noneffective groups. Results: Among of the 29 SI/SAP-positive patients, 16 underwent switching to VPZ. Furthermore, of these 16 patients, 10 underwent MII-pH monitoring again after switching. The FSSG score decreased, the pH value of the refluxate increased, and the percent times of intragastric pH <4 or <5 reduced after switching when compared with the findings before switching. In the effective group, both the proportion of reflux at pH <4 and that of reflux at pH 4–5 decreased while taking VPZ when compared with the findings while taking double-dose PPI. In the noneffective group, the proportion of reflux at pH <4 decreased but that of reflux at pH 4–5 increased and that of reflux at pH <5 did not change overall while taking VPZ. In addition, the percent times of intragastric pH <5 values were low in the effective group. Conclusion: Symptom suppression appears to be inadequate in patients with persistent reflux at pH 4–5 even with VPZ 20 mg/day. Strong acid suppressive therapy with VPZ to increase the pH value of the refluxate to ≥5 is useful for symptom improvement.
Psychometric Properties of the Polish version of the Drug-Use Disorders Identification Test
Authors: Klimkiewicz Anna , Jakubczyk Andrzej , Mach Anna , Abramowska Małgorzata , Serafin Piotr , Szczypiński Jan , Demkow Marta , Wojnar Marcin
Published: February 2020

Background: Substance use is a growing problem worldwide, and there is a great need to develop national policies addressing prevention and treatment of substance-use disorders (SUD). However, the lack of a commonly used, valuable diagnostic tool to assess the symptoms of SUDs precludes comparison of the prevalence of drug-use problems as well as the efficacy of policy strategies applied in different countries. This study was conducted to validate one of the commonly used scales the Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (the DUDIT) for use in Polish condition. Objectives: The aims of this study were to test the reliability of the DUDIT in the Polish population, to confirm the comparative stability of the factor structure of the instrument, and to verify previously proposed DUDIT cutoff scoring. Methods: The group of drug users comprised 127 patients aged 19–40 years (mean age 30.37, SD 6.36) with a diagnosis of SUD, while the control group consisted of 533 students aged 19–25 years (mean age 20.72, SD 1.88). All participants completed the Polish version of the DUDIT. Internal consistency of the Polish version of the DUDIT was determined, and subsequently external validation was performed. Results: Analysis showed that the Polish version of the DUDIT was characterized by a good reliability based on Cronbach’s α, with a value of 0.92. The between-group comparison revealed a significant difference between the control group and substance-dependent patients corresponding to a large effect size (Cohen’s d = 3.27). The receiver-operating characteristic analysis, comparing the DUDIT score to the ICD-10 diagnosis of SUD, showed an optimal cutoff value of 7 points, with a sensitivity of 0.929 and a specificity of 0.974. Conclusion: These results constitute preliminary evidence that the Polish version of the DUDIT may be a valid and reliable screening tool for drug-use disorders in the Polish population.
ВИВЧЕННЯ НАВЧАЛЬНОЇ ДИСЦИПЛІНИ «МЕДИЧНЕ ТА ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧНЕ ТОВАРОЗНАВСТВО» МАГІСТРАМИ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОЇ ФОРМИ НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Ravliv Yu. A. , Makh V. R. , Solovey Ya. V.
Published: February 2020

У статті проаналізовано необхідність вивчення навчальної дисципліни «Медичне та фармацевтичне товарознавство» для магістрів дистанційної форми навчання.
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ ПРОФІЛАКТИЧНОЇ РОБОТИ У ЦЕНТРІ ПЕРВИННОЇ МЕДИКО-САНІТАРНОЇ ДОПОМОГИ
Authors: Yakovleva O. G.
Published: February 2020

У статті висвітлено основну мету профілактичної роботи та формування у населення мотивованого відповідального ставлення до власного здоров’я, здорового способу життя, зміцнення здоров’я населення, зниження захворюваності та смертності.
ФОРМУВАННЯ СИНДРОМУ ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО ВИГОРАННЯ У СПІВРОБІТНИКІВ ВІДДІЛЕННЯ АНЕСТЕЗІОЛОГІЇ ТА ІНТЕНСИВНОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ
Authors: Shtyn M.-V. A. , Malanchyn I. M.
Published: February 2020

У статті проаналізовано результати обстежень медичних працівників відділення анестезіології та інтен­сивної терапії щодо виникнення синдрому емоційного вигорання. Встановлено, що рівень вираження цього синдрому найвищий серед середнього медичного персоналу відділення анестезіології та інтен­сив­ної терапії, однаковий у вікових групах 20–29 та 30–39 років серед осіб жіночої статі.
РОЛЬ МЕДИЧНОГО ПРАЦIВНИКА ЯК МЕДIАТОРА У ВРЕГУЛЮВАННI КОНФЛIКТIВ
Authors: Nevinska L. M. , Kulchytskyi V. Y.
Published: February 2020

У статті проаналізовано роль медичного працівника як медіатора у врегулюванні конфліктів.
Regional Variation in the Management and Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction With Cardiogenic Shock in the United States
Authors: Vallabhajosyula Saraschandra , Patlolla Sri Harsha , Dunlay Shannon M. , Prasad Abhiram , Bell Malcolm R. , Jaffe Allan S. , Gersh Bernard J. , Rihal Charanjit S. , Holmes David R. , Barsness Gregory W.
Published: February 2020

Background:

There are few studies evaluating regional disparities in the care of acute myocardial infarction-cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS).

Methods and Results:

Using the National Inpatient Sample from 2000 to 2016, we identified adults with a primary diagnosis of AMI and concomitant CS admitted to the United States census regions of Northeast, Midwest, South, and West. Interhospital transfers were excluded. End points of interest included in-hospital mortality, use of coronary angiography, percutaneous coronary intervention, mechanical circulatory support, hospitalization costs, length of stay, and discharge disposition. Multivariable regression was used to adjust for potential confounding. Of the 402 825 AMI-CS admissions, 16.8%, 22.5%, 39.3%, and 21.4% were admitted to the Northeast, Midwest, South, and West, respectively. Higher rates of ST-elevation AMI-CS were noted in the Midwest and West. Admissions to the Northeast were on average characterized by a higher frequency of whites, Medicare beneficiaries, and lower rates of cardiac arrest. Admissions to the Northeast were less likely to receive coronary angiography, percutaneous coronary intervention, and mechanical circulatory support, despite the highest rates of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use. Compared with the Northeast, in-hospital mortality was lower in the Midwest (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.96 [95% CI, 0.93–0.98];
P
<0.001) and West (aOR, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.94–0.98];
P
=0.001) but higher in the South (aOR, 1.04 [95% CI, 1.01–1.06];
P
=0.002). The Midwest (aOR, 1.68 [95% CI, 1.62–1.74];
P
<0.001), South (aOR, 1.86 [95% CI, 1.80–1.92];
P
<0.001), and West (aOR, 1.93 [95% CI, 1.86–2.00];
P
<0.001) had higher discharges to home.

Conclusions:

There remain significant regional disparities in the management and outcomes of AMI-CS.
Plasma Estradiol and Testosterone Levels and Ischemic Stroke in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Hu Jie , Lin Jennifer H. , Jiménez Monik C. , Manson JoAnn E. , Hankinson Susan E. , Rexrode Kathryn M.
Published: February 2020

Background and Purpose—

Although exogenous hormone therapy (HT) use has been associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke in postmenopausal women, it remains unknown whether sex hormone levels contribute to ischemic stroke risk. We aimed to estimate associations between plasma sex hormone levels and ischemic stroke risk, by HT status, in a nested case-control study of postmenopausal women from the NHS (Nurses’ Health Study).

Methods—

Women with confirmed incident ischemic stroke (n=419) were matched with controls (n=419) by age, HT use, and other factors. Plasma estradiol and testosterone levels were measured using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry; SHBG (sex hormone-binding globulin) was assayed by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Associations of total and free estradiol and testosterone, the estradiol/testosterone ratio, and SHBG with ischemic stroke were estimated using conditional logistic regressions stratified by HT status with adjustment for matching and cardiovascular risk factors.

Results—

Current HT users had different hormone profiles from never/past users. No clear linear trends were observed between estradiol (total or free) levels or the estradiol/testosterone ratio and ischemic stroke risk among either current users (
P
trend
>0.1) or never/past users (
P
trend
>0.6). For both current and never/past users, the associations between some of the sex hormones and ischemic stroke differed by body mass index categories (
P
interaction
≤0.04). For women with a body mass index <25 kg/m
2
, a higher estradiol/testosterone ratio was associated with significantly elevated ischemic stroke risk among current users (
P
trend
=0.01), and higher levels of total and free estradiol were significantly associated with higher ischemic stroke risk among never/past users (
P
trend
≤0.04). Testosterone and SHBG were not associated with ischemic stroke in either current or never/past users.

Conclusions—

Our findings do not support a role of sex hormone levels in mediating ischemic stroke risk among postmenopausal women. Replications in additional larger studies are required.
Species of the genus Allothrips (Thysanoptera, Idolothripinae) from Southeast Asia, with one new species from Yunnan, China
Authors: MOUND LAURENCE , ZHANG HONGRUI
Published: February 2020

The new species of Phlaeothripidae described here was found breeding in the leaf litter under five unrelated tree species of the plant families Cupressaceae, Lauraceae, Magnoliaceae, Myrtaceae and Pinaceae at the Kunming City Arboretum, Yunnan, China. Species of the genus Allothrips feed on the spores of fungi on the surface of dead leaves and dead wood, and the adults are usually wingless (Mound 1972). A total of 24 taxa are currently listed within this genus, and bibliographic details for each of these is available on ThripsWiki (2019). In a revision of the genus worldwide, Mound (1972) recognized only four species, but with eight subspecies in the Eurasian pillichellus, and six subspecies in the North American megacephalus. Three of the subspecies of megacephalus were described from Australia, but were presumed to have been imported by human trading across the Pacific Ocean. Subsequently, Okajima and Urushihara (1997) described expansus from Thailand as a further subspecies of megacephalus.
The genus Obrium Dejean, 1821 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Obriini) in Argentina: new species, distributions and host plant
Authors: ZUBARÁN GASTÓN E.
Published: February 2020

The following species of the genus Obrium Dejean, 1821 are currently listed for Argentina: O. bifasciatum Martins and Galileo, 2003; O. cantharinum cantharinum (Linnaeus, 1767); O. cicatricosum Gounelle, 1909; O. multifarium Berg, 1889; O. trifasciatum Bosq, 1951; O. vicinum Gounelle, 1909. Two new species are described: O. mimicum and O. trilobatum. The species are illustrated; a key to species of the genus occurring in Argentina is provided. The geographic distribution and the host plants in the country are mentioned.
Smart Home Healthcare System Based on Middleware and Counter Neural Network
Authors: Shao Chenghui , Zhang Qixun , Song Yang , Zhu Dong
Published: February 2020

In recent years, with the upsurge of the smart city construction, smart communities and smart medical services have also witnessed rapid development. The development of smart home has achieved remarkable results. The new term of smart home medical treatment is also accompanied by intelligent
home into people’s lives. Smart home health is to improve the smart home to bring new experiences of the public life, combined with the wisdom of the medical under another kind of human considerations. The emergence of smart medical treatment is accompanied by smart home and in an attempt
to solve the current imbalance in the relationship between doctors and also patients in China, especially the common medical sanitation in hospitals with high sanction, and the heavy workload of hospitals and the contradiction between doctor-patient relationships. Under this general background,
this paper proposes smart home healthcare system based on the middleware and counter neural network model. The simulation proves the efficiency.
Visualized Stochastic Modeling of Galactose Regulatory Feedback Loops with Deep Learning Models
Authors: Li Shi
Published: February 2020

Feedback loops, which can produce significant phenotypic heterogeneity by links the output of a circuit back to its input. Although deterministic models have been used for studying the existence of bistability properties under various system conditions, these models cannot realize cell-to-cell
fluctuations in genetic switching. However, stochastic model is a much better way to studying the impact of both external or intrinsic noise in bistable systems, which is harder for deterministic modeling in the situation of lacking detailed knowledge of biochemical reactions, kinetic rates,
and molecular numbers. In this work, we build a stochastic system based on the yeast galactose regulatory network, and talk about the ways to determine the percentages of switching in the system with noise. The deep learning is integrated to reduce the complexity of the model.
Sports-Related Injuries Sustained by Disabled Athletes in Winter Paralympic Games: A Systematic Review
Authors: Song Yang , Zhang Wei , Zhao Liang , Sun Dong , Huang Ying , Gu Yaodong
Published: February 2020

Purpose: This review aimed to analyze and summarize current literature related to the characteristics, incidence of injuries of different winter Paralympic sports events and to discuss the key aspects that can be used to develop possible prevention strategies for future Winter
Paralympic Games. Methods: An electronic search was performed in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science databases using the following key words: “Paralympic” AND “winter sports” AND “injury” OR “prevention strategy.” Inclusion and
exclusion criteria were used to screening all the identified studies. Of 446 identified studies, 11 studies were included. Results: Most studies reported the injuries of disabled athletes in alpine skiing/snowboarding and ice sledge hockey, few studies reported injuries in cross-country
skiing/biathlon and wheelchair curling. For these Winter Paralympic athletes, acute, traumatic injuries seem to be more common than overuse or chronic injuries, and alpine skiing and ice sledge hockey have always been the most dangerous winter sports events. However, the rates and injury locations
appear to be disability and sport dependent. Results of this review demonstrated that there are 2 key areas in which specific prevention strategies would influence sports injuries and performance in Paralympic winter sports, namely, equipment in winter sports and physical condition of disabled
athletes. Conclusion: According to the results, it is apparent that the overall injury rates sustained by disabled athletes are high and can be comparable with injury rates in able-bodied counterparts. While with few studies reported the pattern of injuries and possible prevention strategies,
it is difficult to further understand the injury mechanisms and determine effective prevention strategies. Further longitudinal and disability specific studies are much needed.
Clinical Effect of Intelligent Temperature Control System in Preventing Skin Burns Caused by Tumor Hyperthermia
Authors: Tang Rongjun , Yu Qingqing , Zhang Ke , Deng Qinghua , Ma Shenglin , Li Xiadong
Published: February 2020

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of skin’s surface temperature using intelligent temperature control system of deep tumor hyperthermia for patients with thorax and abdomen cancer. Methods: Patients with thorax and abdomen cancer were selected to perform
the in-house developed intelligent surface temperature control system for hyperthermia, and this method was compared to the conventional manipulating of cooling water bag replacement. Results: The first cooling cycle was started at 24 minute and 22 minute respectively after the beginning
of hyperthermia in patients with thorax and abdomen cancer for the treatment group performed intelligent surface temperature control system. The average cycle cooling number was 2.5 for this treatment group. The control group started to replace the water bag with patients reminding at 33 minute
and 34 minute respectively. The average replacements number was 3.6 for the control group. The monitoring highest surface temperature at first started cooling circulatory system and cooling water bag replacement were 38.5°, 39.1°, respectively, abdomen cancer were 38.8°, 40.1°,
respectively. There were 1 case and 4 cases occurring above II empyrosis between treatment and control group respectively, and 0 case and 3 cases were observed in abdomen cancer. Conclusion: Using intelligent surface temperature control system of deep tumor hyperthermia for the thorax
and abdomen cancer could monitor and cooling down the high surface temperature earlier compared with conventional cooling water replacement.
Cervical Precancerous Lesion Detection Based on Deep Learning of Colposcopy Images
Authors: Zhang Yongliang , Li Ling , Gu Jia , Wen Tiexiang , Xu Qiang
Published: February 2020

With the rapid development of deep learning, automatic lesion detection is widely used in clinical screening. In this paper, we make use of convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm to help medical experts detect cervical precancerous lesion during the colposcopic screening, especially
in the classification of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Firstly, the original image data is classified into six categories: normal, cervical cancer, mild (CIN1), moderate (CIN2), severe (CIN3) and cervicitis, which are further augmented to solve the problem of few samples of endoscopic
images and non-uniformity for each category. Then, a CNN-based model is built and trained for the multi-classification of the six categories, we have added some optimization algorithms to this CNN model to make the training parameters more effective. For the test dataset, the accuracy of the
proposed CNN model algorithm is 89.36%, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is 0.954. Among them, the accuracy is increased by 18%–32% compared with other traditional learning methods, which is 9%–20% higher than several commonly used deep learning
models. At the same number of iterations, the time consumption of proposed algorithm is only one quarter of other deep learning models. Our study has demonstrated that cervical colposcopic image classification based on artificial intelligence has high clinical applicability, and can facilitate
the early diagnosis of cervical cancer.
A Novel Net Like Structure Sensor and Gas Detection Performance in Tunnel Construction
Authors: Wei Qinghua , Liu Li , Wu Chuansheng
Published: February 2020

In this work, novel multiporous net-like WO3 · H2O nanostructures were successfully obtained by changing the cations in a hydrothermal reaction system. The gas-sensing performance was measured by a static system. The experimental results showed that this
net-like WO3 · H2O nanostructure-based sensor exhibited an enhanced response to H2S compared with that of normal WO3 · H2O nanorods. The causes of this phenomenon are discussed in detail from the two perspectives of electron
transfer and gas-sensing reaction processes. We believe that this work also indicate that the net like structure is hopeful to become the ideal candidate as high performance H2S gas sensors.
Linearity Distortion Analysis of III–V and Si Quadruple Gate Field Effect Transistor (QG-FET) for Analog Applications
Authors: Verma Yogesh Kumar , Mishra Varun , Gupta Santosh Kumar
Published: February 2020

In this work, analog and linearity distortion performance of a III–V AlGaN/GaN quadruple gate field effect transistor (III–V QG-FET) has been analyzed and compared with conventional Si QG-FET having identical physical dimensions. Specifically, we investigate the linearity
by numerically computing transconductance (gm1), its second and third order derivatives (gm2 and gm3), along-with linearity metrics comprising of third order intermodulation distortion (IMD3), third order input intercept point
(IIP3), and extrapolated input voltages (VIP2 and VIP3). The consequences of variations in physical parameters of III–V QG-FET, i.e., channel length, channel height, the thickness of oxide layer, doping concentration, along-with temperature on the linearity
metrics parameters, drain current, and threshold voltage are analyzed and compared with Si QG-FET. The gate capacitance and dynamic power dissipation is calculated numerically and compared by performing small signal AC analysis at 1 MHz frequency for III–V and Si QG-FETs. The influence
of variations in above mentioned physical parameters is also analyzed on dynamic power dissipation and gate capacitance considering the effects of quantum capacitance in the nanometer regime. The present analysis reveals that in III–V QG-FET, the dynamic power dissipation is considerably
reduced than its contender Si QG-FET due to its reduced threshold voltage, and thus it is a more promising candidate for analog and low power dissipation applications.
(Pre)apartheid time: Arthur Keppel-Jones’ When Smuts Goes (1947)
Authors: van Wyk Karl
Published: February 2020

South African academic and historian Arthur Keppel-Jones wrote When Smuts Goes as an imagined history of a time (1952 to 2010) when fascist Afrikaner nationalism consumed the country. Keppel-Jones’ book was published in 1947; apartheid began in 1948. This article considers previous scholarship on Keppel-Jones’ work (such as its depictions of race), before beginning an analysis on the text’s temporal forms. The work has also been discussed as a dystopic text, and I use this to introduce my primary concerns: the playful temporal forms apparent in the narrative’s telling, where this future is told as if a historical account. Derek Hook’s understanding of apartheid time is relied upon throughout the latter half of the essay, where the article argues that the text’s multiple temporal expressions may be explained by, and perhaps even expand upon, our understanding of the logic of apartheid temporality. Finally, I draw upon the shortcomings of using a theory of psychoanalytical temporality that looks back (Hook’s formulation of the theory, specifically), to read a work that looks forward.
Corporate governance and turnaround: Evidence from Australia
Authors: Miglani Seema , Ahmed Kamran , Henry Darren
Published: February 2020

We examine the relationship between ownership and outside director attributes and corporate turnaround outcomes using matched samples of 99 turnaround and 99 non-turnaround listed Australian firms during the 2004–2015 period. Based on agency theory principles, we propose that key shareholder groups (block ownership, director ownership, institutional ownership) and outside directors are related to firm-level turnaround outcomes, and particularly changes in these attributes across decline to turnaround periods. Our results provide evidence that turnaround and non-turnaround firms differ in terms of their ownership and board composition structures, and that changes in director ownership and the degree of board independence are important in determining the likelihood of turnaround success.

JEL Classification: G33, G34, M40
Ownership Concentration and Firm Performance in India
Authors: Nashier Tripti , Gupta Amitabh
Published: February 2020

Ownership concentration (OC) is considered an important corporate governance mechanism because owners with concentrated shareholding influence the operations and management of a company. The ownership structure in developing countries is quite different from that in the developed markets; thus, we provide empirical evidence from an important emerging market like India. This study used panel data models and instrumental variables (IV) techniques using generalised method of moments (GMM) on a large sample of 11,136 firm-year observations to get efficient and reliable results. The endogeneity of OC has not been examined in India before. In this article, OC is measured by Herfindahl’s index as suggested by Demsetz and Lehn (1985) and Leech and Leahy (1991) . Other Indian studies in this area have used promoter shareholding as a proxy of OC. After controlling for endogeneity, we find that OC affects both market and accounting performance of a company, positively. The results suggest that concentrated ownership reduces agency costs as blockholders actively monitor the management of the company, thereby leading to better firm performance.
Improved Prescriber Adherence to Guidelines on Antipsychotic Medication Management Through Increased Access to Metabolic Monitoring Forms
Authors: Bomboy Kristen T. , Graber Jennifer S. , Wallis Eric P.
Published: February 2020

INTRODUCTION: Patients diagnosed with a chronic mental illness have a 2 to 3 times higher likelihood of developing metabolic abnormalities than their non–mentally ill counterparts due to prescription medication use. Metabolic syndrome has been reported in 52% of patients prescribed atypical antipsychotic medications, compared to the general population rate of 23%, and has been found to place individuals at high risk of death from diabetes and cardiovascular disease. AIM: This quality improvement project aimed to increase the rate of metabolic monitoring and related lab orders for patients prescribed atypical antipsychotic medications in a rural community mental health center to improve patient outcomes. METHOD: The use of a metabolic monitoring tool was implemented onsite. Chart audits were used to assess the effectiveness of introducing a metabolic monitoring form at a rural community mental health center and explore the feasibility of implementing a metabolic monitoring tool organization-wide. RESULTS: Metabolic lab orders increased from 1 to 59 at 8 weeks postimplementation for Clinic A after the implementation of a metabolic monitoring tool. CONCLUSION: Prescriber lab order rates improved using a metabolic monitoring form. Adherence to guideline-based care will improve patient outcomes by detecting the onset of metabolic syndrome earlier in the disease course. Early monitoring for metabolic changes will improve the health of patients diagnosed with a mental illness.
The effect of body-worn cameras on satisfaction and general perceptions of police: Findings from a quasi-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Demir Mustafa , Kule Ahmet
Published: February 2020

This study investigated the effect of body-worn cameras (BWCs) on citizens’ satisfaction with the encounter and citizens’ general perceptions of the police during traffic stops. A post-test-only two-group quasi-randomized experimental design was implemented. Drivers in the experimental group encountered the traffic police officers wearing BWCs and were notified that the encounter was being filmed, whereas those in the control group experienced business-as-usual traffic stops. A survey was administered to drivers after completion of the traffic stop. In total, 624 out of 860 stopped drivers (325 in the control group and 299 in the experimental group) participated in the survey. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses showed that BWCs increased significantly citizens’ satisfaction with the encounter and citizens’ general perceptions of the police.
Combined Single Cell Lineage and Transcriptome Sequencing Unveils Cell-Autonomous Regulators of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Fate
Authors: Rodriguez-Fraticelli Alejo E , Weinreb Caleb S , Klein Allon Moshe , Wang Shou-Wen , Camargo Fernando D
Published: February 2020

Blood regeneration upon transplantation relies on the activity of long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs). One of the major controversies in hematopoiesis relates to the apparently different properties that HSCs have in transplantation versus unperturbed settings. In unperturbed steady state hematopoiesis, the most potent HSCs appear to be mostly dormant, and only producing platelet-lineage cells. In turn, upon transplant, even a single transplanted HSC can actively divide and regenerate hundreds of millions of blood progenitors of all lineages. It would thus appear that HSCs have different fundamental properties in each study system.

However, most transplantation studies have only tracked the lineage output of the transplanted HSC clones, and rarely the regeneration of the HSC compartment itself. In addition, clonal assays have not been performed at sufficient resolution to fully capture the diversity and clonal complexity of the regenerated HSC compartment. Here, we have used expressible barcodes, which can be sequenced in conventional single cell RNAseq assays, to simultaneously record the functional outcomes and transcriptional states of thousands of HSCs.

Our analysis revealed multiple clonal HSC behaviors following transplantation that drastically differ in their differentiation activity, lineage-bias and self-renewal. Surprisingly, we witnessed a large fraction of clones that efficiently repopulate the HSC compartment but show limited contribution to differentiated progeny. Furthermore, these inactive clones have increased competitive multilineage serial repopulating capacity, implying that shortly after transplant a subset of clones reestablishes the native-like LT-HSC behaviors. Our results also argue that this clonal distribution of labor is controlled by cell autonomous, heritable properties (i.e. the epigenetic cell state).

Then, using only our clonal readouts to segregate single HSC transcriptomes, we unveiled the transcriptional signatures that associated with unique HSC outcomes (platelet bias, clonal expansion, dormancy, etc.) and unraveled, for the first time, a gene signature for functional long-term serially repopulating clones. We interrogated the drivers of this cell state using an in vivo inducible CRISPR screening and identified 5 novel regulators that are required to regenerate the HSC compartment in a cell autonomous fashion.

In conclusion, we demonstrate that functional LT-HSCs share more similar properties in native and transplantation hematopoiesis than previously expected. Consequently, we unveil a definition of the essential, common functional properties of HSCs and the molecular programs that control them.

Figure 1

Disclosures

No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.