bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Politik Hukum Perubahan Sifat Lembaga Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum
Authors: Nov Zul Hendri
Published: October 2020

Legal politics is intended as a guideline for determining basic policies regarding the form, direction and purpose of legal formation. In terms of achieving legal objectives institutions need to realize it. To safeguard the sovereignty of the people so that they are channeled through the elections properly, an election supervisory body is needed. After the birth of the new Election Law, the interesting thing that happened was the gradual process of increasing the institutional status of election supervisors starting from the central level to the district / city level. In this paper, the authors look at the process of changing the institutional nature of Bawaslu at the district / city level which becomes a permanent institution through the new election law. The method used is qualitative with an empirical Normative legal approach. At the end of this paper, the writer concludes that it is important to increase the authority of Bawaslu at the municipal level by making it permanent. Through the exercise of authority given to Bawaslu, Bawaslu of Sawahlunto city can maintain the sovereignty of the people and realize fair elections. As a suggestion in the exercise of authority, the author sees the need to establish a special electoral justice system. Where in terms of election criminal enforcement, Bawaslu is no longer bound by the subjective views of the Prosecutors and the Police in Gakkumdu, so that they are independent in carrying out the prosecution and enforcement of Election Law.

Keywords: Keywords: Bawaslu, Authority, Institutional Nature
Implementasi Restrukturisasi Dalam Prosesi Kepailitan Dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang Di Indonesia
Authors: Kornelis Yudi , Amboro Florianus Yudhi Priyo
Published: October 2020

In order to enforce the law in the field of bankruptcy, there are procedures that must be carried out by every justice seeker, namely bankruptcy procedures and suspension of payment. The procedure for bankruptcy and the suspension of payment begins with the application, then followed by the decision of the bankruptcy statement or the suspension of payment and all legal appeals. Inside this process will be found restructuring between debtors to avoid bankruptcy, both in the form of debt restructuring and corporate restructuring. The purpose of this study is to have a description of the implementation on restructuring regarding bankruptcy and suspension of payment procedures, and also to be a guide for optimizing the restructuring plan arranged by the debtor. This research has reached the result that the restructuring in the process of bankruptcy and suspension of payments is mostly the debt restructuring and begins with a settlement plan. Rescheduling is the most popular bankruptcy restructuring model and suspension of payment. In addition it is a combination of rescheduling and asset sales, finding new equity, as well as debt to equity swap. Obsession arises in the process when the debtor arranges a restructuring plan. Some cases show that the debtor's understanding of the use of the restructuring plan is the main reason for the constraint. In addition, the implementation of the restructuring may fail in some cases, citing the lack of ability of the debtor to handle business and debt.
Kategorisasi Kejahatan Agresi Atas Tindakan Penggunaan Kekerasan Negara Perancis Pada Konflik Republik Mali Dalam Hukum Pidana Internasional
Authors: Zuhra Nadia Maulida
Published: October 2020

Hukum internasional telah mengatur sejumlah mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa antar negara di dunia yang mengharuskan cara-cara damai sebagai pendekatan utama. Namun dalam hal penyelesaian sengketa secara damai tidak tercapai maka cara-cara kekerasan atau tindakan use of force terhadap negara yang bersangkutan dapat digunakan, akan tetapi bersifat terbatas hanya untuk alasan tertentu atas legitimasi Dewan Keamanaan PBB. Hal tersebut tergambarkan pada tindakan use of force Negara Perancis pada Konflik Republik Mali yang menyebabkan 5 (lima) warga sipil termasuk anak-anak diantaranya tewas dan diklaim sebagai bagian dari kategorisasi kejahatan agresi. Oleh karena itu, tolak ukur pembolehan limitatif akan penggunaan kekerasan yang dimaksud menjadi hal yang cukup krusial dalam pertimbangan suatu negara atas pengambilan keputusan suatu tindakan intervensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa kedudukan tindakan use of force yang dilakukan oleh Negara Perancis terhadap Republik Mali sebagai suatu kejahatan agresi dan akibat hukum terhadap negara pelaku kejahatan agresi.
Politik Hukum Pengisian Jabatan Publik Melalui Mekanisme Electoral System Oleh Mantan Narapidana
Authors: Suparto Suparto , Muslikhah Umi
Published: October 2020

Pengisian jabatan publik melalui electoral system oleh mantan narapidana khususnya tindak pidana korupsi menimbulkan gejolak di kalangan masyarakat. Hal ini karena korupsi termasuk kategori kejahatan luar biasa (extraordinary crime). KPU sebagai penyelenggara Pemilu mengeluarkan Peraturan KPU No. 20 Tahun 2008 yang melarang pencalonan mantan narapidana sebagai calon legislative. Namun, aturan tersebut bertentangan dengan Pasal 240 ayat (1) huruf g Undang-Undang Pemilu. Tulisan ini mengkaji politik hukum pengisian jabatan public melalui mekanisme electoral system oleh mantan narapidana merujuk pada Putusan Mahkamah Agung No. 46P/ HUM/2018 serta Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 42/PUU-XIII/2015.
Suatu Analisis Terhadap Perlindungan Hukum Indikasi Geografis Di Propinsi Riau
Authors: Thalib Nur Aisyah , Santoso Budi , Lestari Sartika Nanda
Published: October 2020

That actually Intellectual Property is a material right that has commercial value with great potential. Today’s global trade is dominated by various forms of products from the intellectual property of various countries. In principle, countries that have many of these products, and strong Intellectual Property provisions will dominate business competition. The study here intends to analyze policies and barriers to protection of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) especially in the field of Geographical Indications in Riau Province. This paper is more dominant using the type of normative juridical research. To complete this paper, empirical research forms are also used, by gathering data from survey results in the field. Based on the research results, it is known that the Riau Provincial Government’s policy in providing legal protection against IG’s did not proceed as expected. Proven that there are no Regional Regulations in the Province or regencies and cities that regulate IG. The inhibiting factors in protecting IG’s in Riau Province are the absence of Regional Regulations governing IG’s, the low legal awareness of the people of Riau Province against IG’s, the absence of an entrepreneurial spirit among Riau Provincial Government officials, and insufficient expertise in controlling products Quality IG.
Implementasi Kewajiban Pelaporan Tenaga Kerja Bagi Pelaku Usaha Toko Swalayan di Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Ardiansah Ardiansah , Oktapani Silm
Published: October 2020

The existence of supermarkets that have penetrated into settlements is an attraction for the people of Pekanbaru City. However, the number of supermarkets is apparently not directly proportional to the attitude of businesses in fulfilling the obligation to report the number of workers. This study aims to identify barriers and explain the solution to the implementation of the obligations of business operators to report the number of workers in each semester ordered by the Pekanbaru City Regulation on Management of People's Markets, Shopping Centers and Supermarkets. This type of empirical legal research is used in this study, wherein a study that looks at law in society. By using data collection methods by observation, questionnaire, interview and literature review. From the results of the research conducted it can be concluded that business actors do not report the number of workers due to their ignorance of the Pekanbaru City Regional Regulation on Management of People's Markets, Shopping Centers and Supermarkets. Efforts that need to be done are related institutions need to synchronize perceptions and disseminate local regulations to business actors in order to carry out their labor reporting obligations and send letters to business actors regarding the deadline for submitting reports on the number of workers in each semester.
Proporsionalitas Putusan Hakim Berdasarkan Ide Keseimbangan
Authors: Endri Endri , Suryadi Suryadi , Sucipta Pery Rehendra
Published: October 2020

Proses penegakan hukum merupakan rangkaian yang panjang dalam sistem peradilan pidana yang puncaknya pada putusan hakim. Putusan hakim merupakan pernyataan hakim secara lisan dan tulisan yang terbuka untuk umum dari suatu perkara apakah akan menjatuhkan pidana, bebas atau melepaskan berdasarkan berbagai pertimbangan hukumnya. Setiap orang dapat menilai putusan hakim berdasarkan perannya masing-masing tapi dengan tetap menghormati putusan itu. Terkadang putusan hakim dapat diterima oleh masyarakat namun juga ada yang menjadi polemik apalagi sudah mendapat sorotan publik. Kebanyakan yang mendapat sorotan publik karena dinilai kurang mencerminkan keadilan, tidak proporsional dan tidak dengan pertimbangan yang lengkap. Oleh sebab itu, tulisan ini menggali masalah tersebut dengan melihat dasar pertimbangan agar putusan hakim menjadi proporsional berdasarkan ide keseimbangan dengan menggunakan penelitian normatif. Hasilnya terlihat hakim cenderung kurang lengkap mempertimbangkan baik kepentingan korban, pelaku, masyarakat dan dampak sosial dari putusan itu. Untuk mengatasinya maka perlu meperhatikan ide keseimbangan antara legalitas formal dan hukum yang hidup di masyarakat, antara aspek kepastian hukum, kelenturan dan keadilan, dan keseimbangan antara kepentingan si pelaku dengan korban (masyarakat).
Risk Assessment Kecelakaan Kerja dengan Menggunakan Metode Domino Pada Proyek Apartemen Grand Dharmahusada Lagoon
Authors: Peruzzi Andreas , Kriswardhana Willy , Ratnaningsih Anik
Published: October 2020

Proyek pembangunan Apartemen Grand Dharmahusada Lagoon Surabaya adalah proses pembangunan kontruksi gedung yang pada umumnya merupakan kegiatan yang banyak mengandung unsur bahaya. Pekerjaan konstruksi merupakan penyumbang angka kecelakaan yang cukup tinggi. Banyaknya kasus kecelakaan kerja serta penyakit akibat kerja sangat merugikan banyak pihak yang bersangkutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan Metode Domino pada proyek pembangunan Apartemen Grand Dharmahusada Lagoon, sehingga dapat diketahui risiko kecelakaan kerja yang paling dominan dan mengetahui bagaimana respon risikonya. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode Domino, dimana metode tersebut digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi sumber-sumber dan penyebab terjadinya kecelakaan kerja, dievaluasi dan dilakukan tindak pencegahannya dengan menggunakan penilaian risiko yaitu tabel Risk Assesment. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dengan menyebarkan kuesioner dan data sekunder berupa Identifikasi Bahaya Potensi Risiko, Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalahh seluruh staff/karyawan dari PT. PP (Persero), Tbk. Penentuan sampel menggunakan Stratified Random Sampling, sehingga diperoleh 22 sampel. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa risiko kecelakaan kerja yang dominan adalah pekerjaan pembesian (rebar & fabrication) dengan risiko pekerja terluka karena terkena besi, pekerjaan pasangan perancah dengan risiko pekerja kejatuhan material perancah, pekerjaan pasangan perancah dengan risiko tangan pekerja terjepit material perancah, pekerjaan railling dengan risiko pekerja terpecik api las. Keempat risiko tersebut tergolong matriks penilaian risiko pada kategori high. Respon risiko dari kecelakaan kerja yang dominan adalah safety management harus menerapkan dan mensosialisasikan kebijakan K3 dengan baik dan benar kepada seluruh staff/karyawan, sehingga dapat mencegah terjadinya suatu kecelakaan kerja dan target zero accident dapat tercapai.
Analisis Kerusakan Jalan Metode SDI Taluk Kuantan - Batas Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Aptarila Gesvi , Lubis Fadrizal , Saleh Alfian
Published: October 2020

Jalan Lintas Taluk Kuantan Batas Provinsi Sumatera Barat ini berada di Kecamatan Kuantan Mudik, Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi (lintas tengah), merupakan jalan nasional yang menghubungkan Provinsi Riau, Jambi dan Sumatera Barat, yang terdapat kerusakan pada badan jalan, dimana kendaraan berat bermuatan lebih atau yang melebihi batas beban maksimum sering melewati ruas ini yang mengakibatkan kerusakan pada permukaan jalan sehingga menimbulkan permasalahan seperti, penurunan kecepatan, waktu tempuh dan dapat mengancam keselamatan pengendara (kecelakaan). Tujuan dari penelitian di jalan Taluk Kuantan – Batas Provinsi Sumatera Barat adalah untuk mencarinilai Surface Distress Index (SDI) pada kajian penelitian sepanjang 2,4 km. Hasil perhitungan dari penelitian adalah persentase tingkat kerusakan yang terdapat pada jalan tersebut : retak 82,5%, berlubang 59%, dan bekas roda 17,4%. Tingkat kerusakan pada struktur jalan yang diteliti mecapai 133,3 %. Nilai SDI pada segmen I dan segmen IV didapat nilai SDI sebesar 105 dan segmen II, segmen III, segmen V dan segmen VI didapat nilai SDI sebesar 135. Dengan rata-rata nilai SDI antara 100 – 150 sehingga tingkat kerusakannya termaksud dalam kondisi rusak ringan
Tingkat Kepuasan Pengguna Jasa Terhadap Pelayanan Angkutan Umum Perkotaan di Kota Tasikmalaya
Authors: Prima Gary Raya
Published: October 2020

Angkutan umum perkotaan merupakan sarana transportasi yang saat ini masih banyak digunakan di daerah perkotaan karena mudah diakses dengan biaya yang cukup terjangkau. Oleh karena itu, sebagai sarana transportasi yang diandalkan oleh masyarakat untuk menunjang kegiatannya, angkutan umum harus memiliki kualitas pelayanan yang baik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari tingkat kepuasan pengguna jasa terhadap kinerja angkutan umum perkotaan di Kota Tasikmalaya. Tingkat kepuasan dihitung dengan metode Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) dan Importance Performance Analisys (IPA). Untuk menentukan kualitas jasa pelayanan digunakan metode SERVQUAL (Service Quality), yang meliputi dimensi reliabilitas (reliability), daya tanggap (responsiveness), jaminan (assurance), empati (emphaty), dan bukti fisik (tangibles). Hasil analisis dengan metode Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) menghasilkan nilai sebesar 62,41 %, artinya secara keseluruhan tingkat pelayanan angkutan umum perkotaan di Kota Tasikmalaya cukup memuaskan. Sedangkan berdasarkan hasil pemetaan pada diagram kartesius yang diperoleh dari Importance Performance Analisys (IPA), semua atribut penilaian tersebar pada kuadran II, III, dan IV. Atribut yang masuk ke dalam kuadran II yaitu item no 1,2,5,7, dan 9 mempunyai nilai yang tinggi dari sisi kinerja dan harapan, sehingga pengguna jasa merasa puas dengan layanan yang diberikan. Atribut yang masuk ke dalam kuadran III yaitu item no 3, 6, dan 10 mempunyai tingkat kepuasan yang rendah, sehingga perlu ditingkatkan kualitas pelayanannya. Atribut yang masuk ke dalam kuadran IV yaitu item no 4 dan 8 sudah bisa memuaskan pengguna jasa dari sisi kinerja layanan yang diberikan.
Pendekatan Nilai Kualitas Air dengan Metode Model Qual2Kw pada Parameter Uji DO dan NH4
Authors: Saily Randhi , Sjelly Haniza
Published: October 2020

Sungai Siak merupakan sungai yang menjadi sumber air bagi masyarakat bahkan hewan dan tumbuhan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sebagai kelangsungan hidup, sehingga kualtias air sungai ini perlu dijaga dan dipelihara. Analisa kapasitas muatan sumber polusi pada air sungai merupakan proses yang rumit sehingga dapat direpresentasikan dengan pendekatan model Qual2Kw. Model ini dapat mendeskripsikan hasil parameter kualitas air yang mendekati angka aktual setelah melakukan kalibrasi. Parameter DO pada skenario 1 dimana tidak menginput debit limbah atau sumber pencemaran maka segmen Tandun merupakan nilai parameter terendah yaitu 4,49 mg/l dan tidak memenuhi standar kualitas air baku mutu kelas I, sedangkan untuk ammonia (NH4) tertinggi berada pada segmen Teluk Ketari yaitu 0,43 mg/l dan nilai ini masih memenuhi standar kualitias air baku mutu kelas I. Skenario 2 dengan menginput debit limbah maka parameter DO hanya pada segmen Petapahan yang memenuhi buku mutu dengan nilai 6,20 mg/l sedangkan untuk NH4 nilai tertinggi berada pada segmen Pantai Cermin dengan nilai 0,04 mg/l dimana angka ini masih memenuhi baku mutu.
Pengaruh Pemakaian Serat Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit pada Campuran Aspal Terhadap Stabilitas
Authors: Abdilah Nuryasin , Abrar Aidil
Published: October 2020

Kinerja campuran agregat aspal pada kontruksi perkerasan jalan dicoba untuk ditingkatkan dengan cara memodifikasi campuran aspal dengan campuran serat tandan kosong kelapa sawit sehingga didapat perubahan sifat campuran aspal, dan pada penelitian ini bisa mengurangi kepekaan aspal terhadap temperatur dan daya penyerapannya.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil kekuatan tekan dengan penambahan serat tandan kosong kelapa sawit terhadap agregat sebesar 5%, 10%, 15%, dan pengaruh perbandingan  penambahan serat tandan kosong kelapa sawit terhadap AC-WC yang memakai campuran (5%, 10% dan 15%) danyang normal. Hasil penelitian kekuatan tekan dengan penambahan serat tandan kosong kelapa sawit terhadap setiap kadarnya hanya satu yang memenuhi spesifikasi. Untuk kadar 5% nilai stability nya 995 kg, untuk kadar 10% nilainya 660 kg dan pada kadar 15% nilainya 545 kg. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa setiap penambahan serat maka kekuatannya semakin menurun dan tidak bisa memenuhi spesifikasi. Perbandingan penggunaan limbah serat tandan kosong kelapa sawit sebagai bahan tambah agregat dalam campuran aspal AC-WC, ternyata dari kadar 5% 10% dan 15% tidak dapat mencapai kekuatan, sedangkan untuk aspal normal hasilnya memenuhi spesifikasi dapat dilihat dari hasil penelitian aspal normal nilai stability nya 1430 kg, nilai flow 3,73 mm, nilai VIM 4,07%, nilai VMA 16,72%, dan nilai VFA 75,70%
Analisis Perilaku Struktur Perkantoran Tahan Gempa Menggunakan Metode Pushover Analysis
Authors: Rinda Fitri Nabhilla  , Hayu Gati Annisa
Published: October 2020

A research about structural analysis of eight-story office building due to earthquake load and to identify the performance level of the structure referring to ATC-40. Performance Based Seismic Evaluation (PBSE) concept is used for earthquake engineering by using one of the method which is Pushover Analysis to evaluate the structure. This method is to purposely apply escalating static lateral load to the structure until failure occurs to the structural elements and targeted structural displacement was obtained. Determining the targeted displacement is referring to ATC-40, FEMA 365, and FEMA 440. Results show that targeted displacement value is 0,015 m for X direction and Y direction as well as the total drift was obtained as much as 0,0066 m for X direction and 0,00273 m for Y direction. According to the structural deformation and criteria from ATC-40 the performance level of the structure is at Immediately Occupancy (IO).
BIOMETRIC HUMAN AUTHENTICATION SYSTEM THROUGH SPEECH USING DEEP NEURAL NETWORKS (DNN)
Authors:   Associate Professor, head of the Laboratory of computer engineering of intelligent systems at the Institute of Information and Computational Technologies, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Mamyrbayev O. ,   morkenj@mail.ru,   https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8318-3794, Akhmediyarova A. ,   Institute of Information and Computational Technology, Almaty, Kazakhstan; aat.78@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4439-7313, Kydyrbekova A. ,   doctoral student, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; kas.aizat@mail.ru, Mekebayev N. O. ,   doctoral student al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; nyrbapakas.aizat@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9117-4369, Zhumazhanov B. ,   institute of Information and Computational Technology, Almaty, Kazakhstan; bagasharj@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5035-9076
Published: October 2020

Biometrics offers more security and convenience than traditional methods of identification. Recently, DNN has become a means of a more reliable and efficient authentication scheme. In this work, we compare two modern teaching methods: these two methods are methods based on the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) (denoted by the GMM i-vector) and methods based on deep neural networks (DNN) (denoted as the i-vector DNN). The results show that the DNN system with an i-vector is superior to the GMM system with an i-vector for various durations (from full length to 5s). DNNs have proven to be the most effective features for text-independent speaker verification in recent studies. In this paper, a new scheme is proposed that allows using DNN when checking text using hints in a simple and effective way. Experiments show that the proposed scheme reduces EER by 24.32% compared with the modern method and is evaluated for its reliability using noisy data, as well as data collected in real conditions. In addition, it is shown that the use of DNN instead of GMM for universal background modeling leads to a decrease in EER by 15.7%.
METHOD OF LINGUISTIC VARIABLE STANDARDS FORMATION FOR HONEYPOT CLASSIFICATION
Authors:   student, Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Zhumangaliyeva Nazym ,   nazym_k.81@mail.ru,   https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1130-3405, Doszhanova Aliya ,   Associate professor, Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications, Almaty, Kazakhstan; d_alia.81@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6932-6282, Korchenko Anna ,   candidate of technical Sciences, associate Professor, National aviation University, Department of information technology Security, Kiev, Ukraine; annakor@ukr.net; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0016- 1966, Kazmirchuk Svitlana ,   Dr Eng (Information security), Head of Computerised Information Security Systems Academic Department, National Aviation University, Kyiv, Ukraine; sv.kazmirchuk@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6083-251X, Avkurova Zhadyra ,   student L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan; zhadyra.avkurova.83@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0706-6075, Zhaxygulova Dauriya ,   Senior Lecturer, Shakarim State University of Semey, Kazakhstan; daurija_zd@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2347-9857
Published: October 2020

Nowadays, one of the relevant areas that is developing in the field of information security is associated with the use of Honeypot (virtual lures, online traps), and the selection of criteria for determination of the most effective Honeypot and their further classification is an urgent task. There are presented the main products in which virtual lures technology is implemented. Often they are used to study the behavior, approaches and methods that an unauthorized party uses for unauthorized access to information system resources. Online traps can imitate any resource, but more often they look like real production servers and workstations. There are known a number of fairly effective developments that are used to solve the problems of identifying attacks on the information systems resources, which are based on the fuzzy sets apparatus. They showed the effectiveness of using the appropriate mathematical apparatus, the use of which, for example, to formalize the approach for the formation of a set of criteria, will improve the process of determining the most effective Honeypot. For this purpose, there have been proposed criteria that characterize online traps, with the use of which there has been developed a method of linguistic variable standards formation for choosing the most effective Honeypot. The method is based on the formation of a set of Honeypot, subsets of characteristics and identifier values of linguistic estimates of Honeypot characteristics, a base and derivative frequency matrix, as well as on the construction of fuzzy terms and standard fuzzy numbers with their visualization. This will allow further classification and selection of them osteffective virtual lures.
HYPERACCUMULATOR PLANTS FOR PHYTOREMEDIATION OF SOIL CONTAMINATED WITH HEAVY METALS
Authors:   Koshkinbayevich, Professor of Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Yelikbayev B. K. ,   bek29k@gmail.com,   http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1262-6524, Pagano Marcela C. ,   Association professor of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; marpagano@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4764-6450, Jamalova G. A. ,   Association professor of Satbayev University. Almaty, Kazakhstan; j.ga@bk.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4285-7390
Published: October 2020

Environmental pollution, including pollution of urban soils by heavy metals causes serious environmental concern around the world. Heavy metals accumulate relatively quickly in soil but their removal rate is very slow. Hyperaccumulator plants help cleanse the environment from heavy metals. Phytoremediation is cleansing of soils contaminated with heavy metals, using plants that accumulate significant amounts of metals. An important environmental problem in large industrial cities is pollution by toxic compounds, including heavy metals. Due to the potential toxicity and high resistance of metals, soils contaminated with these elements are an environmental problem that requires effective and affordable solution. In soils heavy metals are in varying degrees of accessibility to plants. Water-soluble forms of heavy metals, as a rule, are presented in the form of various salts and organic complex compounds. Phytoremediation of urban soils from heavy metals is an important environmental challenge. Among the wild species, a special group of heavy metal hyperaccumulator plants is highlighted. Some of the land plants that can accumulate abnormally high levels of potentially toxic trace elements are known as “hyperaccumulators” and their number includes about 500 taxa. Phytoremediation is much more environmentally friendly and cheaper than other techniques, so recently it has received widespread use in various countries.
DETECTION OF MYCOPLASMA SYNOVIAE ANTIBODIES IN SERA OF BROILER CHICKENS BY THE ELISA
Authors:   Doctor of Veterinary Science, Lecturer, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ”King Michael I of Romania”, Timisoara, Romania, Iancu I. ,   ionicavet@gmail.com,   https://orcid.org/0000-0001- 8913-4942, Cătană N. ,   Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Professor, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ”King Michael I of Romania”, Timisoara, Romania; epirovet.tm@yahoo.com; https://orcid.org/orcid.org/0000-0002-4242-2418, Popa V. ,   Doctor of Veterinary Science, Senior researcher, Pasteur Institute Bucuresti, Romania; virgilia.popa@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0795-2410, Degi J. ,   Doctor of Veterinary Science, Lecturer, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ”King Michael I of Romania”, Timisoara, Romania; janos.degi@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0002- 5859-5057, Pascu C. ,   Doctor of Veterinary Science, Assosiated Professor, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ”King Michael I of Romania”, Timisoara, Romania; corina.pascu.ro@yahoo.co.uk, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1013-0437, Herman V. ,   Doctor of Veterinary Science, Professor, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ”King Michael I of Romania”, Timisoara, Romania; viorel.herman@fmvt.ro; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7118-6488, Ilgekbayeva G. ,   Doctor of Veterinary Science, Professor, Kazakh National Agrarian University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; gulnaz66@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7140-2961
Published: October 2020

Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) infection most frequently occurs as a subclinical respiratory infection. Approximately 2-4 weeks are required for antibodies to develop in infected birds. Clinical examination was made daily, in broilers after 10 days old, because at this age there were seen the first symptoms of disease. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is commonly used as a diagnostic test and for routine testing of flocks and may replace serum plate agglutination as the primary serologic test. The serologic exam carried out through ELISA test at 21 and 35 days evidenced the specific antibodies and sero-conversion phenomenon. At 21 days old (B I), 22, 91% from the analysed sera were positive, and at 35 days old (B II), 26,66% were positive, until the age for slaughter (42 days). The value of titrers geometrical mean of 10,92 times higher at 35 days old than at 21 days old and the higher proportion of the obtained positive titrers, reveal both the implication of M. synoviae in the etiology of disease, and her infectiousness, by horizontal transmission.
STUDY OF AMINOACID COMPOSITION OF THE HARICOT BEAN SHELLS
Authors:   Assistant Professor of the Drug Technology Department NUPh, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Kriukova І. ,   kriukova92@gmail.com,   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9866-0976, Gubar S. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of pharmaceutical chemistry, head of state scientific-research laboratory of NUPh for medicinal substances quality control, Kharkiv, Ukraine; gubarsn@ukr.net; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5434-9502, Vladymyrova I. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Pharmacognosy, Head of scientific methodological (scientific research) laboratory on pharmaceutical education of NUPh, Kharkiv, Ukraine; inna.vladimirova2015@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6584-4840, Tishakova T. ,   Associate professor, Medical and bioorganic chemistry department, Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0257-7757
Published: October 2020

Commonly, the production of herbal medicines is more advantageous economically than chemical synthesis. Agricultural crops, having sufficient raw material base, are of main interest. In this respect the shells of haricot bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Fabaceae)), that are waste products of beans, are of special interest. Due to the absence of regulatory documents for this kind of drug raw material in Ukraine the development of standardization parameters for the raw material of haricot bean is a very topical. Pharmacotherapeutic action of this drug raw material is caused by the presence of amino acids, proteins, macro- and microelements as well as flavonoids. There are medicines at the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine that was produced from the haricot bean: «Sadifit» (ZAO «Liktravy», Ukraine), «Arphazetin» (ZAO Pharmaceutical plant «Viola», Ukraine), «Hepatophyt» (LLC «Research and production pharmaceutical company «AIM», Ukraine), «Shells of haricot bean» (ZAO «Liktravy», Ukraine). Medicines are introduced to the market in the form of medicinal herbs mixture that's why main method of application is a preparation of restorative drinks, tinctures, teas. In light of this, study of amino acid composition in the water extracts from raw material is reasonable. Research of qualitative and quantitative amino acid composition of 5 lots of the shells of haricot bean was carried out by HPLC method. This raw material was harvested in different regions of Ukraine over a period of 2014 – 2016. 16 amino acids were identified in the water extracts of the shells of haricot bean. Glutamic acid (1.60 – 5.56 ´µg/100 mg), L-alanine (1.41 – 2.23 µg/100 mg), L-arginine (0.65 – 2.12 µg/100 mg) had the greatest content in the investigated samples. D-serine (0.04 – 0.13µg/100 mg) and D,L-methionine (0.02 – 0.43 µg/100 mg) had the lowest quantity in the investigated samples. Sufficiently high content of amino acids makes it possible to consider them as potential substances-markers at the development of assay procedure for the standardization of raw material.
THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF ENSURING THE ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY OF WATER BODIES IN TRANSBOUNDARY BASINS
Authors:   doctor of law, Professor, Department of Customs, Financial and Ecological Law AlFarabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Ayzhan Zhatkanbaeva ,   Ayzhan.Zhatkanbaeva@kaznu.kz,   https://orcid.org/0000- 0003-3325-2629, Arаilym Jangabulova ,   сandidate of juridical science, Associate Professor, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Arailym.Dzhangabulova@kaznu.kz; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4150-5393, Kulyash Aydarkhanova ,   сandidate of juridical science, Associate Professor, Department of Customs, Financial and Ecological Law, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Kulyash.Aidarhanova@kaznu.kz; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6392-4708, Dina Baimakhanova ,   doctor of law, Professor, Department of Theory and History of State and Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law, l-Farabi Kazakh National University,Almaty, Kazakhstan; Dina.Baimahanova@kaznu.kz; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5903-9020, Haifeng Zhao ,   Professor of Law, Harbin University of Technology; Zhaohaifeng_c@yahoo.com.cn; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3292-5641
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The article is devoted to the analysis of priority areas of international cooperation in the field of ensuring environmental safety of transboundary water bodies. The authors of the article indicated such areas of environmental safety as: Water-energy problem of the Central Asian countries; impact of climate change on water; Aral ecological crisis and its consequences for the natural environment of the Central Asian region. The authors of the article made recommendations on eliminating the environmental problems of transboundary water bodies. It is proposed to sign fundamental documents on legal issues of water allocation and protection of transboundary rivers on the basis of international law and bring the problem of transboundary rivers to the level of the SCO and tripartite negotiations (Russia, Kazakhstan, China). The necessity of building joint hydropower facilities on transboundary rivers is substantiated. The authors propose to expand, improve and modernize the control network (gauging stations, etc.) in all river basins of Kazakhstan and China.
DESERTIFICATION AND LAND DEGRADATION IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Natural Sciences (Physical Geography), scientific secretary at the Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia (Almaty) and PostDoc at the Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Issanova G. ,   gul_nur.777@mail.ru,   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4496-0463, Saduakhas A. ,   Bachelor in Geodesy, Junior Researcher, U.U. Uspanov Kazakh research Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Amandyk.Saduakhas@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083- 5135, Abuduwaili J. ,   Doctor in Geography, Professor, Deputy Director at the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, an Executive Director at the Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia (Almaty), and a foreign academician of the Academy of Agriculture of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan; jilil@ms.xjb.ac.cn; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8483-1554, Tynybayeva K. ,   Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Junior Researcher, U.U. Uspanov Kazakh research Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan; kurash_88@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9956-2139, Tanirbergenov S. ,   Soil Science and Agrochemistry, scientific secretary U.U. Uspanov Kazakh research Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan; tanir_sem@mail.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6403-0984
Published: October 2020

Desertification and land degradation are common processes in arid and semi-arid regions of Kazakhstan, especially southern parts, where areas are covered by a great variety of desert types. In deserts, soil-forming processes take place in conditions of severe water shortage, and high level of soil degradation and desertification. The main natural factors for these processes are a flat terrain, a high degree of arid climate, soil salinity, carbonate content, a lack of structure and low natural soil fertility. However, the anthropogenic factors of desertification and soil degradation became dominant last decades. The study considers the actual problems of natural and anthropogenic factors of desertification and land degradation within Kazakhstan. The desertification of huge territories is accompanied by soil contamination, waterlogging by surface water and groundwater, soil salinization, erosion (water, wind), degradation of vegetation cover, dehumidification and a decrease in general regional biological capacity. Analysis of the current status of the soil cover has shown intensive land degradation 43 % of the territory of Kazakhstan is subjected to degradation in significant degree; over 14 % of pastures have reached an extreme degree of degradation or are completely degradated. The Aral Sea region, Northern Caspian Sea and Southern Balkhash deserts can be observed as areas of intensive soil desertification, salinization and deflation processes. As well as the desertification process are progressing in the irrigated soils of the deltas of Syrdarya, Shu, Ile and Karatal rivers.
PECULIARITIES OF THE LEGAL REGULATION OF THE LABOR OF SOME CATEGORIES OF EMPLOYEES
Authors:   Doctor of Science in Law, Professor of Law, Kazakh National Agrarian University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Ayupova Z. K. ,   zaure567@yandex.ru,   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5925-1619, Kussainov D. U. ,   Doctor of Science in Philosophy, Professor, Kazakh national pedagogical University named after Abai, Almaty, Kazakhstan; daur958@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4274-5986, Dzhankadyrov S. S. ,   Senior Teacher, Kazakh national pedagogical University named after Abai, Almaty, Kazakhstan; sdzhankadyrov@bk.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0446-4868, Nagan Winston ,   Doctor of Science in Law, Professor of Law, Michigan University, USA; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7381-8389, Seitakhmetova N. L. ,   corresponding member of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Chief Researcher of the Institute of Philosophy, Politology and Religion of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Doctor of Science in Philosophy, Almaty, Kazakhstan; nseytakhmetova@bk.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-5406
Published: October 2020

Research on the specifics of the legal regulation of certain categories of employees is conducted by leading foreign research centers and international organizations. In particular, the work of women, children, disabled people, homeworkers, seasonal workers and migrants is one of the most active research topics within the UN, ILO, OSCE, and CIS. For example, the topics are “Labor Market Trends and Outlook”, “Labor, Income and Equity”, “Changing World of Work”, “Macroeconomic Policies and Jobs”, “Globalization and Labor Market”, “Policy evaluation”, “Youth and Gender Issues” (Special issues of youth and gender are also covered) are recognized as one of the main topics studied by the ILO Research Department in The direction of labor market trends and prospects. The following results were obtained in scientific studies conducted in the field of determining the features of legal regulation of labor of certain categories of workers in foreign countries: proposals were developed and implemented to ensure gender equality in labor relations (University of Sterling, Scotland), eliminate discrimination by introducing rules of differentiation (Rand Afrikaans University, South Africa), and provide additional opportunities in the field of labor for women and persons employed in family responsibilities (University of Essex, UK), increasing the role of contracts in regulating the work of home workers (Middlesex University, UK), providing equal rights in the use of migrant labor (University of Oxford, UK).
THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE STIMULATION SYSTEM OF THE ALTERNATIVE ENERGETICS DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Associate Professor, Doctor of Science (Law), National university of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Shulga I. V. ,   evshulga2013@gmail.com,   https://orcid.org/0000-0002- 9343-8647, Haraschuk V. M. ,   Professor, Doctor of Science (Law), Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University, Corresponding member of National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine; v.m.garaschuk@nlu.edu.ua; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1879-2854, Kalayanov D. P. ,   Professor, Doctor of Science (Law), Odessa State University of Internal Affairs, Odessa, Ukraine; dm.kalayanov2019@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8340-2635
Published: October 2020

The article focuses on the rapid increase in the role of the system of stimulation tools in the alternative energetics development in a context of the process of comprehensive greening of the modern world economy. The problems of the category determination of "stimulation" are reviewed both in modern legal science in general and in the field of international legal relations related to the development of alternative energetics. The incentive means of the development of alternative energetics, used at the domestic level, which are most widely used at the present stage of social development, are clarified. The main content of the work touches upon urgent problems of the role of international organizations in the stimulation system of the alternative energetics development. The importance of their participation in ensuring the sustainable development of the industry under study is substantiated, their role and function in the stimulation system of the alternative energetics are determined, and a classification of their activities is proposed. The tasks of governmental and non-governmental international institutions are analyzed in terms of the proposed classification; the examples are given from the practical implementation of tasks by several major international organizations. The options are proposed for improving the present model for the participation of international organizations with the stimulation system of the alternative energetics development. The focus is made on the problem of the states’ international responsibility for non-compliance with international treaties and the problem of priority correlation of international interest and state sovereignty in matters of reducing CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. It is concluded that there is a current trend of reorienting the activities of international organi-zations towards differentiation. It is stated that the programs and recommendations of international organizations are developed directly for particular states, taking into account their geography and economic status when choosing types and methods for the alternative energetics development.
ASSESSING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF "SMART" CITIES OF KAZAKHSTAN: MARKETING ASPECT
Authors:   student of the department “Business Technologies” Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Shurenov N. B. ,   nursultan_shurenov@mail.ru,   https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2453-080X, Bimendiyeva L. A. ,   candidate of economic sciences, acting professor of the department “Economy” Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; leila.bimendieva@kaznu.kz; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4965-5908, Nathan Jay ,   professor of St. John’s University. New York, USA; natjay1123@icloud.com; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-2721-1647
Published: October 2020

The article considers the issue of introducing the reference standard of “Smart” cities of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The main achievements and problems of the “Smart” cities of the Republic of Kazakhstan are studied in connection with the introduction of the reference standard. Moreover, there were proposed solutions to the mentioned problems employing digital territorial marketing tools and were analyzed methodical recommendations on the creation of “Smart” cities. The directions and indicators of the reference standard of “Smart” cities regarding public life were considered, and its main development trends were determined. This article provides a rating of introducing the reference standard for “Smart” cities of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2019. As the method of study, we chose the method of analysis and synthesis, as this is an integral element for the fundamental analysis of the introduction of the standard in smart cities. Using the method of analysis and synthesis, we determined the rating of “Smart” cities of the Republic of Kazakhstan, thus we can calculate the average percentage of the level of implementation of digitization in the areas of public life. In connection with a high or low indicator in a certain area of public life, the determination of the most effective and attractive directions for the implementation of digitization has become possible for the City Administration thanks to marketing analysis.
CURRENT ISSUES OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT IN MODERN ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
Authors:   graduate student, Department of Financial Technologies, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Berdnikova I. ,   Berdnira@gmail.com,   https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0283-6680, Kiseleva E. ,   graduate student, Department of Financial Technologies, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia; lizkis121@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3481-5035, Baeva D. ,   Associate Professor, Department of Financial Technologies, South Ural State University, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Chelyabinsk, Russia; baevada@susu.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8772- 7311, Solovyeva I. ,   Professor, Department of Financial Technologies, South Ural State University, Doctor of Economics, Associate Professor, Chelyabinsk, Russia; solovevaia@susu.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0001- 6730-0356
Published: October 2020

Electricity consumption is constantly growing in the world. In this connection, there are new urgent problems of increasing energy efficiency and energy conservation. Exactly, the economic development of countries and the change in the citizens’ life quality depends on successful solutions in this sphere. In addition, energy efficiency today is the most important developmental indicator of the national economy. The article discusses electricity consumption statistics in the world, a comparative analysis of the statutory conditions and the main implementing energy efficiency methods and programs in different countries.
SIMULATION OF TUITION FEES IN COMPETITIVENESS MANAGEMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS (CASE OF UKRAINE'S UNIVERSITIES)
Authors:   Economics, Professor, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine, Panchyshyn Stephen ,   stepan.panchyshyn@lnu.edu.ua,   https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6203-4789, Hrynkevych Olha ,   Economics, Associate Professor, van Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine; olha.hrynkevych@lnu.edu.ua; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8646-8119, Marets Oksana ,   Economics, Associate Professor, van Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine; oksana.marets@lnu.edu.ua; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4044-7443, Demchyshak Nazariy ,   Economics, Associate Professor, van Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine; nazar.demchyshak@lnu.edu.ua; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6852-7405, Popadynets Nazariy ,   Economics, M. I. Dolishniy Institute of Regional Research of NAS of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine; popadynets.ngmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7556-6135
Published: October 2020

The purpose of study is to simulate the tuition fees in Ukrainian higher education institutions (HEIs), taking into account the internal and external factors of their activity. The choice of variable models is based on the theoretical study and classification of pricing factors in higher education. The empirical part of the research is performed according to online data of 35 Ukrainian universities. Using correlation analysis, we found that the main factors that impact variability the tuition fees variation are: 1) academic reputation of HEI, 2) popularity of the study program among entrants, 3) population income in the region of HEIs activity. To simulate the tuition fees, taking into account the essential factors, the programming language R was used. The modeling found that there is an issue with the overpricing and underpricing of education in Ukrainian HEIs in comparison with its theoretically justifiable value. Competition in the market of educational services forces Ukrainian universities to pursue a pricing policy that is accompanied by both too high and low tuition fees, which do not cover training costs and do not provide long-term development. The results of modeling could be used to improve the quality of decision making process in HEIs management.