bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemetaan Potensi dan Pembaruan Model Bisnis dalam Meningkatkan Daya Saing dan Produktivitas BUM Desa Sukorejo Kabupaten Kediri
Authors: Sumiati Sumiati , Ikhram M. Abdi Dzil
Published: August 2024

BUMDesa pada hakikatnya memiliki tugas utama sebagai mesin perekonomian desa. Meskipun demikian, tidak sedikit dari pengelola BUMDesa menghadapi permasalahan berkaitan dengan pengelolaan dan pelaksanaan aktivitas bisnis BUMDesa. Program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat yang diselenggarakan oleh Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Brawijaya Malang menjadi salah satu program yang bertujuan untuk membantu masyarakat khususnya lembaga ekonomi produktif dalam menyelesaikan masalah yang dihadapi. Berdasarkan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh BUMDesa Sukorejo Kabupaten Kediri, usulan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat berkaitan dengan pemetaan potensi bisnis dan pembaruan model bisnis dalam mendukung produktivitas dan peningkatan kinerja BUMDesa Sukorejo Kabupaten Kediri. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini diantaranya dibagi kedalam beberapa tahap seperti pemetaan masalah, perumusan konsep, pelaksanaaan kegiatan, serta evaluasi dan monitoring. Pelaksanaan kegiatan merupakan penyelarasan dari permasalahan yang dialami oleh BUMDesa sebagai mitra strategis. Kata kunci— BUMDesa, Ekonomi, Produktivitas, Kinerja BUMDesa Abstract BUMDesa essentially has the main task as the engine of the village economy. Nevertheless, not a few of the BUMDesa managers face problems related to the management and implementation of BUMDesa business activities. The Community Service Program organized by the Faculty of Economics and Business, Brawijaya University Malang is one of the programs that aims to help the community, especially productive economic institutions, in solving the problems faced. Based on the problems faced by BUMDesa Sukorejo Kediri Regency, the proposed community service activities are related to business potential mapping and business model updates in supporting productivity and performance improvement of BUMDesa Sukorejo Kediri Regency. The methods used in this activity include being divided into several stages such as problem mapping, concept formulation, activity implementation, and evaluation and monitoring. The implementation of activities is an alignment of the problems experienced by BUMDesa as a strategic partner. Keywords— BUMDesa, Economy, Productivity, BUMDesa Performance
ÜST-ORTA VE YÜKSEK GELİRLİ ÜLKELERDE SAĞLIK, İŞGÜCÜ İLE KARBON EMİSYONUNUN EKONOMİK BÜYÜME ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ
Authors: Ecevit Eyyup , Hiçyılmaz Şenay
Published: August 2024

Çalışmamızda yüksek gelirli ve üst-orta gelirli olmak üzere 89 ülke üzerinde panel veri çalışması uygulanmıştır. İlgili ülkelerin verileri ile Dumitrescu & Hurlin nedensellik testi ve Driscoll & Kraay standart hatalı sabit etkiler model tahmini yapılmıştır. Bulgularımıza göre sağlık harcamaları, doğuşta yaşam beklentisi, işgücüne katılım oranı, CO₂ emisyonu ve kişi başına GSYH değişkenleri arasında tek ve çoğunlukla çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisine rastlanmıştır. Uzun dönem tahmin sonuçları, yüksek ve üst-orta gelirli ülkelerde sağlık harcamaları, doğuşta yaşam beklentisi ve CO₂ emisyonun GSYH üzerinde olumlu etkileri olduğunu göstermektedir. İşgücüne katılım oranının ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi iki panel grubunda farklıdır. İşgücünün GSYH’ya etkisi üst orta gelirli ülkelerde negatif, yüksek gelirli ülkelerde ise anlamsız bulunmuştur.
Strategies for early identification and management of sepsis in children
Authors: Alsharif Sultan M. , Altaieb Tahir T. , Alabbad Yaqoub M. , Alalyani Saad A. , Alonizi Ziyad H. , Alghamdi Eyad M. , Bandar Waleed S. , Alkhodur Marwah A. , Alsharif Nora M. , Mohamedsalih Alaa A. , Alsultan Khaled M. , Alzamzami Abdulghani A.
Published: August 2024

Pediatric sepsis continues to be a major public health concern, leading to considerable morbidity and mortality despite progress in medical treatments. This review explores methods for the prompt detection and management of sepsis in children, highlighting the importance of early recognition and intervention. Diagnosing sepsis in children is difficult because of its non-specific symptoms and the diverse ways it presents in different age groups. Key strategies include enhancing parental education, improving pre-hospital recognition by emergency medical services (EMS), and leveraging the pivotal role of nurses in emergency settings. Effective management involves prompt administration of antimicrobials, appropriate use of vasoactive agents, and comprehensive post-sepsis care to improve long-term outcomes. Advanced diagnostic tools and rapid, reliable biomarkers are crucial for early detection. Additionally, antimicrobial stewardship programs and public health campaigns play a vital role in reducing sepsis incidence. By focusing on these strategies, healthcare providers can significantly improve the early identification and management of sepsis in children, enhancing survival rates and long-term quality of life for pediatric sepsis survivors.
The Political Message of Marshall McLuhan
Authors: Aggeeva Irina
Published: August 2024

Marshall McLuhan’s media theory and philosophy of history are considered as a political phenomenon of the 1950—1970s. His contribution to the development of political technologies, analysis of the influence of the media on democratic institutions, popularization of the Western supremacy in figurative, metaphorical, and cultural studies’ forms allow classifying the Canadian sociologist as a notable ideologist of the Cold War, along with propagandists of mass consumer society, mass culture and convergence. Choosing the communication criteria as the defining to the past and modern status of states, McLuhan rejected the dogmas of Marxism and considered the USSR to be a lagging country, despite the recognition of Soviet achievements in science and technology (Sputnik, space). He foresaw a “beyond-systems”, planetary future of the “global village” in the “era of electronics”, escape from bipolarity, a diverse and conflictual and at the same time general “electric” coexistence of countries beyond boundaries. McLuhan’s research of the negative effects of the media on mass consciousness and people’s behavior is less acknowledged than his predictions of the worldwide computer network. He supposed that the influence of the media on politics might increase to the extent when reality could be replaced by computer-generated and suggested responsible and preventive state regulation of the informational field.
The Role of the Comte de Maurepas at the Beginning of the Reign of Louis XVI (how the Mentor Instructed Telemachus)
Authors: Pimenova Ludmila
Published: August 2024

The paper is devoted to the activities of the Comte de Maurepas in 1774—1781. Historians have different assessments of his role in the history of France at the end of the Old Régime. Some consider him a frivolous egoist, indifferent to state affairs, others — a wise politician who received a responsible post too late, when nothing could be corrected. The paper uses diaries, letters and memoirs of contemporaries, archival and published diplomatic correspondence. The nickname Mentor was established for Maurepas, since his position as a mentor to the young Louis XVI was reminiscent of the plot of “The Adventures of Telemachus” by F. Fénelon. Maurepas acted as chief minister, influencing the appointment and dismissal of other ministers and the adoption of major decisions in the field of domestic and foreign policy, such as the repeal of the parliamentary reform of Maupeou and the entry into the War of Independence of the North American colonies. During Maurepas's lifetime, the situation in France remained calm, but a number of decisions made by the king under his influence had fatal consequences for the country.
Problems of the Origin of the Moldovan People in the Works of Soviet, Russian and Moldovan Scientists
Authors: Arzakanyian Marina
Published: August 2024

The paper examines the problems of the origin of Moldovans through the prism of the works of Soviet, Russian and Moldovan scientists. The authors present three hypotheses — autochthonous, migration and admigration — of the early ethnic history of the Eastern Romans (Vlachs) and the attitude of Soviet, Moldavian and Russian historians, linguists, archaeologists and anthropologists to them. Domestic scientists were divided mainly into supporters of migration and admigration concepts. Today only a small part of them adheres to the autochthonous theory. Due to the lack of written sources, debates regarding the origins of the Moldovan people continue and are far from over.
Raphael Barberini against the English Muscovy Company: the Struggle of International Merchants for Trade Privileges in Russia in 1564—1566
Authors: Kiselev Alexander
Published: August 2024

The Italian merchant, officer and diplomat of the second half of the 16th century, Raphael Barberini, became famous as the author of the “Report on Muscovy” — a note on the Muscovy state, based on his journey with three companions to Russia in 1564—1565. This trip was aimed at undermining the monopoly position of the English Muscovy Company in Russian markets, and indeed ended in the receipt of trading privileges from Tsar Ivan IV. Much of this success was based on letters of recommendation from King Philip II of Spain and Queen Elizabeth I of England, which the Italian merchant presented in Moscow, and probably also on his connections in the entourage of Pope Pius IV. The researchers were unable to identify Barberini’s English contacts that provided him with the support of the Protestant queen. The anonymous note of an agent of the Muscovy Company, discovered by the author in the British National Archives, sheds light on this problem. It is now possible to determine the full list of Raphael Barberini’s companions with whom he visited Russia. The study of their connections, taking into account the political situation at the English royal court in the first half of the 1560s, allows us to conclude that the Italian merchant received a letter of recommendation from Queen Elizabeth I thanks to her favourite Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester.
The Franco-Russian Alliance of 1891—1893 through the Prism of the British Policy of “Brilliant Isolation” in the Mid-1890s (Based on the Materials of the English Periodicals)
Authors: Gella Tamara
Published: August 2024

The article analyzes the reaction of the British public to the formation of the Franco-Russian Union in 1893 in the early years of its existence. The novelty of the proposed material is determined by the fact that the issues of public response to the rapprochement of France and Russia in British society have not yet been studied in depth. The source base was magazine publications of the mid-1890s. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the formation of this union put on the agenda the question of the expediency of the UK’s policy of “brilliant isolation”, which was widely discussed on the pages of magazines. And although the United Kingdom did not radically change its foreign policy course during the period under review, the question of an ally remained open.
The Concept of a “Fair” Contract in the Law of the Ancient World
Authors: Lysenko Olga
Published: August 2024

The article shows the implementation of the principle of equity in a civil contract in the sources of law of the Ancient East, in particular, in the sources of law of Ancient Babylon and Ancient India, as well as antiquity. Using the example of the Code of Hammurabi, the Laws of Manu (Dharmaśāstra Manu), the Arthashastra by Kautilya, the Institutes of Gaius and the Digest of Justinian, the author of the article considered an attempt to assert the category of “fair contract” through the prism of “proportionality” and “equal scale”, establishing a certain “balance of freedom” and a balance of interests of the parties, as well as protecting the “weak” side in civil-legal agreement. The methods of suppression by ancient legislators and jurists of abuses by any party in contract, both at its conclusion and in its content, as well as during execution of contract, are analyzed. The limitation of amount of usurious interest and the fight against abuse of creditors in regulation of loan agreement; the suppression of various abuses by sellers and buyers in purchase and sale agreement; employers and those employed in personal employment contracts; custodians in the custody agreement in the sources of law of Ancient Mesopotamia, Ancient India and Ancient Rome are considered. The article analyzes the implementation of the “аequitas” concept in Roman law of the classical and postclassical periods. Special attention is paid in the article to the consideration of the influence of religion, ideology, legal culture, and value attitudes of a particular ancient society on solving the problem of establishing a “fair” civil law contract.
“These Lands Have Everything We Need”: on the Role of the Soviet Factor in British Policy in Africa (1945—1951)
Authors: Portnyagin Dmitry
Published: August 2024

After the end of World War II, British political and military circles viewed the African colonies as a vital source of raw materials for rebuilding the British economy. During the Cold War, territories in Africa, as well as the local workforce, acquired strategic importance. Recognizing the fact that there were only a small number of actual communist parties in Africa in the early post-war years, British political and military leaders believed that in the foreseeable future their influence could increase significantly. In addition, they were confident that the USSR would be active in the colonies and exploit racial and nationalist problems through the communist parties. Therefore, British politicians and diplomats considered it necessary to act proactively. Plans to combat communist influence in various fields were developed and began to be implemented: economics and social sphere, security, propaganda, finance.
“To Take... Measures to Lay the Foundation for the Solid Development of this Branch of Economy in the Turkestan Region as Soon as Possible”: the First Stage of Implementation and Development of Cotton Growing in Turkestan (the 1860s — Beginning of 1880s)
Authors: Makhmudov Oybek
Published: August 2024

The history of development of cotton growing in Central Asia has been devoted quit a lot researches. However, the very first stage of cotton growing development in the region, started in the first half of the 60s and ended in the first quarter of the 80s of the 19th century, is studied very little in these works. Usually it is limited to the statement that there have been made such attempts and that they have been generally unsuccessful and yielded insignificant results. At the same time, in the literature with the exception of publications chronologically referring to this period itself, very few details have been promulgated about the efforts and measures undertaken by the authorities and private individuals to the development of cotton growing in Central Asia, in increasing cotton yields, improving the quality of cotton fibre and introducing American cotton varieties. First of all basing on archival documents the article will shed the light on the views of the central Russian authorities, Turkestan administration, merchants and other interested sides on the development of cotton growing. There will be considered the main measures initiated both by the imperial authorities and primarily by the Turkestan administration. A special role in promoting the cotton project belonged to the first Turkestan’s general-governor K. P. von Kaufman, that will also be shown and illustrated by documents. For more clarity, the article quotes from the documents to give more opportunity to speak to the participants of measures of cotton growing development and officials themselves, which will better demonstrate their views on the problem. All these are little-known pages in the history of the region. The use of new archival materials has allowed in many ways to look differently at the activities carried out by the Russian authorities in Central Asia in the period of the first half of the 1860s — first quarter of the 1880s.
Translations and Translators from Oriental Languages in the Moscow State of the late 15th — 16th Centuries
Authors: Moiseev Maksim
Published: August 2024

The active eastern policy of the Moscow state required numerous personnel who would be able to carry out written translation of Arabic texts and oral, mainly at that time of the Turkic languages. Since the end of the 15th century, the role of bakshey in written translation has been noticeable, the functionality of which included translation, reading and, possibly, drawing up tugra, writing short notes, and the ability to write in gold. All this made Baksheev highly qualified specialists, whose number was extremely small. Another category of specialists, interpreters, was more widespread. Interpreters initially went on diplomatic trips and also accompanied foreign embassies in Russia. After 1517, differentiation was carried out. In embassies to the Tatar states, Tatar messengers began to perform the functions of interpreters without fail, while interpreters focused on accompanying embassies in Russia, as well as on missions to Iran and the Ottoman Empire.
The Subversion of Loyalty? Concepts of Intervention in the Affairs of Ather States in the Second Half of the 16th — First Half of the 17th Centuries
Authors: Ivonina Ludmila
Published: August 2024

The period 16th — first half of the 17th centuries was a vitally important one in the formulation of international law, concepts of sovereignty, and the emergence of the modern international system. In making foreign policy European sovereigns took into account the political thought of their time and the nascent “Law of Nations”, within which a discourse arose against extremes in government action (tyranny). Thinkers and statesmen argued that tyranny and atrocity were illegitimate and that action to end them was legitimate in terms of the Law of Nations. Оn the basis of such arguments, princes threatened or used force against regimes that egregiously ill-treated ethnic and confessional minorities. How did these theories and actions relate to the concepts of loyalty and identity? The article shows that, оn the one side, they overthrew loyalty to the tyrant ruler. From the other side, they did not deny loyalty as a legal and moral dogma, since the traditional institutional-group and new confessional loyalties of minorities were preserved and strengthened. In principle, loyalty should match identity. During the Reformation, new confessional-political identities arose, and with them a new system of loyalties which went beyond the boundaries of one country and took on an interstate character. Besides, the foundations of an impartial morality were born, which postulated a universal "I" with obligations to humanity. While the monarchy was recognized as the best form of government, and the theory of the divine right of kings was developing, tyrannical ideas appeared, which were connected with the protection of traditional estate-representative institutions, and new confessional and political identities. This situation was determined by the transitional and contradictory nature of the Early Modern Time, the formation of the state system, and the complex interaction of local and central interests.
Loyalty in 15th and 17th Century Legal Discourse and Its Medieval Sources
Authors: Fyodorov Sergey
Published: August 2024

English common law jurists in the Middle Ages and early modern times viewed loyalty exclusively as a phenomenon based on a deeply personalized connection between a vassal and his primary lord-king. It was in this form that the idea of loyalty reflected the traditional feudal principle demonstrating the connection of loyalty and its main attribute, fidelity, with the so-called cause of the king. Despite its ubiquity and related practices, this understanding of loyalty to some extent competed with the gaining popularity view of the applicability of the principle of loyalty and related behavioral stereotypes to such concepts as kingship and the community of the kingdom, including their territorial dimension. The article deals separately with the phenomenon of so-called dual loyalty, the origins of which are linked to the so-called right of fiefs and the practice of subfeudation. This form of loyalty and related subjection allowed for the simultaneous association of a person with two monarchs, as well as the practice of land ownership in two contiguous kingdoms. The author examines how such a form of loyalty was positioned in the right-wing literature of the 15th — 17th centuries, emphasizes the legitimate nature of this phenomenon, and considers the cases that led to its termination.
“Request” for Interference: France and Italy Relations with the US in 1945—1948
Authors: Bolgova Irina V.
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of relations between France and Italy with the United States during the years of the formation of bipolarity in Western Europe (1945—1948). The purpose of the study is to trace the evolution of the request from French and Italian political elites for US interference in the two countries’ domestic affairs on the basis the archival sources that have recently become available for research. Careful attention paid to the motives of French and Italian ruling circles helped describe how the character of their request for interference changed and how this request, in combination with Soviet–US dynamics, led to the formation of two opposing blocs in Europe, framed by the reciprocal Soviet and US direct presence.
The Lord of the Bulgarians and the Caliph al-Ma’mun: Ibn al-Nadim‘s Account
Authors: Kalinina Tatyana
Published: August 2024

The article analyzes the information of Ibn al-Nadim, the Arab writer of the 10th century, about the correspondence of the caliph al-Ma'mun with a certain ruler of the state of Bulgarians (Bulgars) regarding the religion of Islam. Information is given about the activities of Ibn al-Nadim as a bibliographer and his work entitled “Fichrist”. The question of the reality of the news is raised, the points of view of researchers about a possible addressee are noted. Along the way, data on the writings of the Volga Bulgars are considered. The problem of Islamization of the Bulgarians of the steppes of Eastern Europe and the Bulgars on the Volga is touched upon. The author of the article offers a version of the unreliability of Ibn al-Nadim’s information about the correspondence between the Lord of the Bulgarians and the Caliph al-Ma’mun. Thus, Ibn al-Nadim showed his approval and favor towards the caliph al-Ma’mun.
Desenvolvimento de um Website sobre Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação na Saúde
Authors: Maia Camila do Couto , Locks Melissa Orlandi Honório , Ferraz Fabiane , Stein Mônica , Salum Nádia Maria Chiodelli , Trombetta Ana Paula
Published: August 2024

O estudo teve como objetivo descrever o processo de construção do website “Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação na área da saúde”. Estudo do tipo metodológico, de produção tecnológica, realizado de junho de 2022 a maio de 2023, na Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Santa Catarina, com seus trabalhadores, a partir da aplicação de um questionário eletrônico. O caminho metodológico seguiu etapas baseadas nos métodos do Duplo Diamante e ADDIE: descoberta; desenho; desenvolvimento e implementação. Os dados oriundos dos questionários foram analisados de forma descritiva, com cálculo de frequência relativa e absoluta. O escopo do website foi desenvolvido com base nas necessidades apresentadas pelo público-alvo a partir dos questionários. O website foi denominado TICSaúde, contendo quatro páginas. O website está disponível para toda a comunidade, para uso em desktop ou dispositivos móveis, desde que haja conexão com a internet. A Página inicial apresenta um slideshow com informações a respeito do site. A página Sobre traz uma breve apresentação e importância do website. A página Tecnologias contém no formato de um blog, dez textos acerca de tecnologias da informação e comunicação; e a página Mais traz no formato de glossário, uma breve descrição de outras tecnologias. Foram utilizados recursos como textos, imagens, vídeos, hiperlinks. O website TICSaúde oferece um meio de facilitar e qualificar a integração mútua da saúde com as tecnologias, viabilizando o aperfeiçoamento de práticas de educação, gestão e atenção à saúde.
 
Palavras-chave: Tecnologia. Saúde. Tecnologia da informação e comunicação. Tecnologias em Saúde.
Designing an Accounting Information System to Facilitate Zakat Calculations for Jam'iyyah Businessmen (Persis Banjaran)
Authors: Lestari Rini , Sukarmanto Edi , Hartanto Rudy , Suangga Asri , Anandya Andhika , Nurjaya Dimas , Ramdani Boyke Rahmat , Salman S
Published: August 2024

The information system was designed and developed on Jam’iyyah (Persis Banjaran) businessmen in Bandung Regency. One of the main problems faced by these business actors is the inability to record economic transactions and compile them in adequate financial reporting to determine how much zakat should be paid accurately. This is due to the lack of knowledge of business actors about the importance of good financial reporting as a basis for calculating zakat by the Al-Quran and Al-Hadist. Designing the correct accounting information system and developing it according to the needs of business actors can solve the problems faced by Jam’iyyah (Persis Banjaran) business actors. The design and development of this accounting information system resulted in an application named Kaashir as a result of excellent thinking and collaboration between the community services team at Universitas Islam Bandung (Unisba) and the information technology development team from the Persis Banjaran Youth group. The accounting information system design process has progressed to the application development stage, specifically with the Kaashir application. The current stage of development involves beta testing to evaluate the application’s preparedness for the implementation stage, which will encompass a broader range of users in the coming year. The development of accounting information systems in the form of the Kaashir application will continue so that all business people in Indonesia can widely use this application.
Keywords: accounting information systems, businessmen, zakat calculation
Study of Religious Moderation from the Muhammadiyah Perspective: Efforts to Realize Harmony Among Indonesian Citizens
Authors: Ma'arif Bambang Saiful , HMZ Nandang , Faisal Dede , ‎ Eris
Published: August 2024

Acts of violence in Indonesia often affect various other aspects of life, resulting in a loss of harmony in society and various shocks in several aspects of Indonesian society. This article aims to discuss religious moderation from Muhammadiyah’s perspective through an in-depth analysis of its basic principles and implementation. This paper is the result of research at LPPM Unisba with qualitative methods. While, the techniques are observation, interviews, and literature study. Muhammadiyah has been able to establish intense relations between citizens of different religions. The findings of this study are that Muhammadiyah is a moderate ideology that seeks to have a dialogue between text and context in the relationship between religions and nations in general. Religious Moderation in the Muhammadiyah perspective is aligned with the frame of social, national, and ummah reality. Religious moderation is not meant to reduce religious practices in order to achieve harmony. It is neither in the realm of worship, nor in the social order of nation’s citizens. Muhammadiyah has moderate opposing views in the context of multiculturalism. The update in this article is that religious moderation from the Muhammadiyah perspective does not mean abandoning the roots of Islamic teachings. But it is done selectively and functionally.
Keywords: religious moderation, Muhammadiyah, interreligious dialogue, multiculturalism
Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms in sequences of Pina and Pinb genes of the diploid wheats Triticum monococcum and T. urartu
Authors: Sozinova Oksana , Blume Yaroslav
Published: August 2024

Puroindolines (puroindoline a and puroindoline b) are low molecular weight proteins that determine the endosperm texture of grain in the tribes Triticeae and Avenae. The aim of our study was to analyse single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the coding sequences of the Pina and Pinb genes of the diploid wheats Triticum monococcum (AmAm) and T. urartu (AA) from the NCBI database in comparison with the reference sequences of the common wheat variety Chinese Spring (CS).For this, 62 sequences of the T. monococcum puroindoline a gene (Pina-Am1), 22 sequences of T. urartu Pina (Pina-A1), 32 sequences of the T. monococcum puroindoline b gene (Pinb-Am1) and 13 sequences of T. urartu Pinb (Pinb-A1) were retrieved from the NCBI database. The sequences of the puroindoline a gene DQ363911.1 of the variety CS (the Pina-D1a allele) and the puroindoline b gene DQ363913.1 of CS (the Pinb-D1a allele) from the NCBI database were used as the reference sequences. The sequences were aligned using MEGA 11. In total, 34 SNPs (13 synonymous and 21 nonsynonymous differences, of which 15 result in radical amino acid substitutions and 6 in conservative ones) were identified in the total sample of 84 diploid wheat Pina sequences, some of which were observed in all sequences and some were rare. Among the 45 Pinb sequences, there were 36 SNPs, but, unlike the Pina gene, synonymous substitutions prevailed (22); 7 substitutions led to radical amino acid substitutions and 7 to conservative ones. Substitutions in the sequences of the puroindoline genes relative to the CS genes can be divided into those fixed in both diploid wheat species, those fixed in T. urartu and polymorphic in T. monococcum, and species-specific ones. Significant differences in the frequencies of alternative nucleotides at certain positions (81, 318, 322 and 384 of Pina and 135 and 359 of Pinb) were found between the wild einkorn wheat T. monococcum ssp. aegilopoides and the cultivated wheat T. monococcum ssp. monococcum.
Plant resistance to pathogens as a result of gene interaction
Authors: Pavlyuk Daryna , Ternovska Tamara
Published: August 2024

Modern information on the genomics of plants and plants’ pathogens as well the achievements of molecular biology have made it possible to state the participation of gene products, proteins, in the organization of molecular complexes that are assembled to implement a certain character of the phenotype. The character of plant “resistance/sensitivity” to a certain biotic factor is also interesting because there is an interaction not only between the genes of one organism, but between the genes of organisms that lie in different kingdoms of life.Plant resistance to pathogens can be passive (provided mainly by characters of plant morphology) and active. Active resistance is formed as a result of the penetration of the pathogen or its elicitors and effectors into the plant. Active protection of the plant at the molecular level is expressed in the launch of the MAPK cascade, the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and an increase in the flow of calcium ions to the cell. Active protection can be implemented on two levels. The first level, RTI (PAMP Triggered Immunity), develops in response to plant contact with a wide range of non-adapted pathogens. The resistance (immunity) that is formed in this case is called non-specific, or horizontal, or quantitative. The molecular instrument for initiating the defensive reaction is the PRR (Pattern Recognition Receptors). Adapted pathogens are able to overcome RTI by sending effectors to plant cells. These are protein molecules whose function is to create conditions within the cell that are more permissive to the pathogen. The effector can be recognized by the plant’s specific NLR (Nod-Like Receptors), and complementation occurs between the two. There are other specific plant molecules, nonNLR, with a different type of protein product interaction for recognition. In both cases, the second level of protection, ETI (Effector Triggered Immunity), develops. The set of molecular processes that occur at the second level of protection does not differ from the set of the first level, but the processes occur more intensively and are accompanied by the death of the affected cells. This prevents the further spread of the pathogen throughout the plant. The molecular events of the first and second levels of protection are not isolated. The interaction between them involving the products of plant genes and pathogen genes is described by the “zig-zag-zig”-model, invasion model, and the integrated iceberg model. The interaction of plant genes for effector recognition is described by the “guard” and “decoy” models. To initiate a defensive reaction, plant receptors, which can sometimes differentiate into sensors and helpers, form protein complexes, resistosomes.
Peculiarities of the influence of recombinant cytokines on the functional activity of hematopoietic progenitor cells in myelodysplastic syndrome in vitro
Authors: Pakharenko Marharyta , Russu Iryna , Bilko Denys , Lahodniuk Ihor , Bilko Nadiia
Published: August 2024

Populations of hematopoietic progenitor cells are the closest descendants of stem cells. It is at their level that the processes of proliferation and differentiation occur, since they are sensitive, unlike stem cells, to the action of cytokines, which are released in the event of a shortage of blood cells in the periphery. However, for a long time the role of hematopoietic progenitor cells in the implementation of the pathological process in disorders of hematopoiesis was underestimated, while now it has turned out to be more significant than previously thought. This is especially true of myelodysplastic syndrome, which, despite its name, is a clonal disease that precedes acute leukemia. The purpose of the study was to determine the peculiarities of the functioning of hematopoietic progenitor cells in normal and impaired hematopoiesis at the initial stages of the malignant process of MDS (MDS-IB) under the conditions of exposure to different concentrations of cytokines to assess the hematopoietic potential of these cells. Their colony-forming activity (CFU) was studied in two groups of patients — control (10 people) and experimental (20 people) in culture in vitro. It was found that CFU increases with increasing concentration of cytokines and requires twice as much stimulus when culturing hematopoietic cells from patients with MDS-IB. The optimal concentration in the control for G-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-3 was 20 ng/ml, and for cells from patients with MDS-IB — 40 ng/ml. It has been proven that in the case of using a complex of cytokines (GM-CSF, G-CSF, IL-3), the colonyforming ability of progenitor cells from patients with MDS-IB increases significantly, compared to such indicators for cytokines acting alone (28.7±3.2 to 18.3±1.8, 12.1±1.5 and 24.5±2.1, respectively). The paper reveals the latent potential for cell proliferation from patients with MDS-IB, which can be used both in experimental studies and in the creation of protocols for the treatment of patients with MDS in the initial stage of the disease.
Impact and consequences of military actions for nature protection areas and objects of the nature reserve fund within the boundaries of the State Enterprise “Forests of Ukraine” lands
Authors: Bolokhovets Yurii , Lytsur Ihor , Sheremet Ivan , Rak Oleksandr , Partyka Nataliia
Published: August 2024

The study analyzed data on the negative impact of military actions on the objects of the nature reserve fund under the management of the State Enterprise “Forests of Ukraine” within the forest offices as of March 1, 2024. The impact of military actions on Nature Reserve Fund (NRF) objects was analyzed according to ten factors. It was established that out of the 9 Forest offices of the State Enterprise “Forests of Ukraine”, the negative impact of military operations on NRF objects was noted in the territory of the Southern, Eastern, Slobozhansky, Northern and Capital forest offices.45 objects of the Nature Reserve Fund, which are located on the lands of forestry purpose, and are in permanent use of the State Enterprise “Forests of Ukraine” with a total area of 36,441.0 hectares, were negatively affected by the military operations. Most often, the territories of the objects of the nature reserve fund were negatively affected by military operations as a result of damage by aerial bombardment and shelling of long-range artillery, missiles, UAVs (37 objects) and the basing of military units (40 objects). The 19 NRF objects were affected by three or more negative factors of military operations, which included explosions of various ammunition, rockets and mines, most often accompanied by bullets and fragments of ammunition that exploded, as well as the fall of downed aircraft and missiles. The construction of engineering fortifications and the uncontrolled felling of trees often accompanied the movement of military equipment.The amount of damage to the objects of the nature reserve fund was calculated for 6 objects of the NRF on the territory of the Southern and Eastern forest offices and totals UAH 817,272.44. For 39 NRF objects, the amount of damages has not yet been calculated due to limited access and the impossibility of conducting relevant surveys and examinations and remains an urgent task.In order to eliminate the consequences of the negative impact of military operations on the NRF objects, it is necessary to calculate the damage caused to the environment, carry out demining. An important task is to conduct an inspection of the protected areas for the presence of explosive objects, as well as carry out the necessary sanitary felling to prevent the mass reproduction of pests on the dead and weakened trees damaged by fires.
Certain Judgments about the Concept of Legal Regulation of Issues of Territorial Organization of the Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Head of the V.S. Osnovin Department of Constitutional and Municipal Law of the Voronezh State University, LL.D, Professor, Byalkina Tatiana M.
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the problems of optimizing the territorial organization of the subjects of the Russian Federation, as well as the concept of the federal law on the territorial organization of public power in Russia.
Prospective Formats of Interaction Between State and Local Self-Government Authorities and the Population in the Context of the Further Development of a Unified System of Public Government in Constituent Entities of the Federation Reunited with Russia
Authors:   Head of the Department of Constitutional and Municipal Law, Tkhabisimova Lyudmila A.
Published: August 2024

The article examines the most effective mechanisms of interaction between public authorities and residents. There is a considerable focus on the significance of collecting «feedback» from citizens residing within the boundaries of a municipality and establishing horizontal collaboration mechanisms in virtual environments.
发芽和热液处理对小米（kodo小米、little小米和barnyard小米）营养成分和颜色特征的影响
Authors: Rutuja Iralepatil  , R. Surya Priyadharshini  , Dekka Srenuja  , Vincent Hema  , V.R. Sinija  , Vidyalakshmi Rajagopal
Published: August 2024

本研究调查了不同的预处理方法（即发芽处理和水热处理）对kodo、barnyard和little小米的近似和理化特性的影响。这项研究涉及将这些小米品种置于每种预处理方法的不同条件下。在发芽处理中，浸泡时间有十三个时间段的变化，分别为4 h、6h和8 h，然后发芽48 h；在水热处理中，浸泡时间和温度保持不变，蒸煮时间分别为10 min、15 min和20 min。在发芽过程中，蛋白质、水分和能量含量增加，而脂肪、灰分和碳水化合物含量减少。在水热处理过程中，蛋白质、脂肪和灰分含量减少，而水分、能量和碳水化合物含量增加。在发芽过程中，L值增加，而a和b值减少，而在水热处理过程中，L值减少，a和b值增加。这些发现揭示了这些预处理方法对小米营养和理化成分的影响，为进一步研究和在食品工业中的潜在应用提供了有价值的见解。
THE INTEGRATION OF RELIGIOUS MODERATION IN ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (EFL) SETTING: STUDENTS’ AND TEACHERS’ VOICES
Authors: Rohmana Wahyu Indah Mala , Kamal Shofia , Amalia Afdhirotul Isna , Ating Jenab Paruk
Published: August 2024

This case study research explores the integration of religious moderation within setting of EFL (English as a Foreign Language) classrooms, specifically in an Islamic Junior High School. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the religious moderation integration into the educational process and to capture the perspectives of both teachers and students. The study employed qualitative approach particularly case study research design which was conducted within one of Islamic junior high school in East Java. Ten students and four English teachers were selected using purposive sampling to participate in the study. Data was collected through interviews, documentation, and observation. The results indicate that religious moderation has been effectively integrated into the teaching and learning process, including lesson planning and thematic material, by the teachers. Tolerance, anti-violence, accommodating to tradition/culture, cultural sensitivity, and open mindedness were the aspect of religious moderation found in EFL classroom.The perception of the teachers on the integration of religious moderation in EFL classrooms are linked to their roles as educators, the act of students, and the diverse backgrounds of the students. Students have reported that the integration of religious moderation has allowed them to gain insights into both appropriate and inappropriate aspects of another culture as they learnt English.
ABILITY TO READ THE QUR'AN THROUGH MEDIATION OF READING INTENSITY: THE INFLUENCE OF CLASSICAL READING AND LISTENING STRATEGIES AND SELF-INTELLIGENCE IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT
Authors: Anggarini Wahyu Sandra , Wibowo Arif , Daryono Rihab Wit
Published: August 2024

Reading intensity helps strengthen and maximize the positive effects of both factors, so that students can achieve better Qur'an reading skills. Without high reading intensity, the influence of classical strategies and self-intelligence may not be fully effective in improving students' Qur'an reading skills. This study aims to explore the role of reading intensity in mediating the influence of classical strategies and self-intelligence on Qur'an reading skills. The method used in this study was purposive sampling with random sampling method. The sample taken was 103 students at Madrasah Diniyah SMP PGRI Selur. The analysis in this study used PLS-SEM which aims to analyze data and test contextual models. From the results of the analysis, classical strategies do not have a significant effect on students' reading intensity and Qur'an reading skills. From the results of this study, it was found that the most determining factor in improving students' Qur'an reading skills is self-awareness of 88.90%. Based on these results, reading intensity does mediate the influence of self-intelligence on Qur'an reading skills and does not mediate classical strategies on Qur'an reading skills. This study provides an overview of how students' ability to read the Qur'an can be improved through their own intelligence and is also influenced by the level of reading intensity. Thus, this study can provide an in-depth overview of the influence of internal and external factors that can affect the level of success in improving each student's ability to read the Qur'an.
DecorPGNet: Functional Area Division and Layout Algorithm Model in Living Rooms of Chinese Apartment-Style Family Homes
Authors: Wei Haitong
Published: August 2024

In the context of rapid urbanization, Chinese families have set stricter standards for functionality and comfort in the design of living rooms in apartment-style residences. This trend profoundly affects the daily experience of residents. This article has achieved innovative division and layout optimization of the living room area through smart technology. Relying on the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the DecorCGCAD floor plan dataset, combined with an innovative data structure, we has developed a standardized data preprocessing and feature extraction process, significantly improving the consistency and efficiency of data processing. We use a logistic regression algorithm, which not only enhances the transparency and credibility of the model but also significantly improves the model’s predictive accuracy and spatial insight by introducing four key features (Space Balance Ratio, Entrance Line Ratio, Kitchen Threshold Distance and Balcony Threshold Distance) through innovative feature engineering. The model’s TOP5 accuracy rate has been increased to 97.3% and the TOP1 accuracy rate has reached 86.4%, fully proving its efficiency and reliability in predicting the layout of living spaces. Further, this article has ingeniously solved the conflict and balance between multiple objectives by applying a simulated annealing algorithm and innovative evaluation functions. The proposed Adaptive Search Region Candidacy Tactic algorithm strategy, with its excellent adaptability and flexibility to irregularly shaped spaces, greatly enhances the immediate optimization and adjustment capabilities of interior design. In terms of furniture layout strategy, we have optimized the use of space and improved the living experience by considering spatial layout, functional requirements and aesthetic principles. Moreover, through effective communication between designers and algorithmic models, we have enhanced the level of personalized design, making the design process more scientific and efficient. It is particularly worth mentioning that the panoramic rendering of the Binhu City community in Hangzhou vividly demonstrates the application of the research content in the display of interior design, providing a comfortable space suitable for family communication and entertainment. Overall, this article provides a comprehensive, scientific and practical solution for the field of interior design. It not only promotes technological advancement but also provides strong support for designers and researchers, opening up new possibilities for creating more humanized and intelligent living spaces.
Bina İçi Radon Birikimi Üzerine bir Araştırma
Authors: Kürkçüoğlu Mehmet Ertan , Öner Özlem , Koçer Abbas Alpaslan
Published: August 2024

Radyoaktif olan radon gazının solunması akciğer kanseri oluşumuyla ilişkilendirilmektedir. Havalandırılması zayıf olan kapalı mekânlarda birikme eğilimi gösteren radon, zemine yakın yerlerde daha yüksek konsantrasyonlara ulaşabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fizik Bölümü’nün zemin katında bulunan Isparta Radon Laboratuvarı’ndaki (IRL birimindeki) bina içi atmosferik radon konsantrasyonlarının dağılımı yüksekliğe bağlı olarak incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla IRL’de, Airthings firmasınca üretilen 3 adet Wave radon dedektörü farklı yüksekliklerdeki ölçüm noktalarına yerleştirilerek 1 Kasım 2021 ile 22 Aralık 2021 tarihleri arasında saatlik radon ölçümleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen ölçüm verilerine ait ortalamalar incelendiğinde, laboratuvar zeminindeki radon yoğunluğunun 303 Bq/m3, solunum seviyesindeki radon düzeyinin 220 Bq/m3 ve laboratuvarın tavan seviyesindeki radon konsantrasyonunun 212 Bq/m3 olduğu bulunmuştur. Böylelikle bina içi atmosferik radonunun yükseklik arttıkça azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ölçüm süreci boyunca kayıt altına alınan 3507 adet saatlik veri SPSS programıyla istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmiş, Kruskal-Wallis testine göre; alt konumdaki dedektör ölçümlerinin, orta ve üst konumdaki dedektör ölçümlerine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılığa sahip olduğu (p