bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Injection Pressure on Spray Cone and Penetration Angle for Enhanced Fuel Atomization of Various Blended Viscous Fluid: A Numerical Modeling
Authors: Arunkumar G. , Dhavare Prashant , Alharbi Sulaiman Ali , Nasif Omaima , Strunecky Otakar , Subramani Nithya
Published: May 2022

The use of the high viscous biofuel results in poor combustion efficiency. Utilization of the biofuel on the existing engine is challenging due to the higher fuel pump force requirement and atomization effects. Hence, in this study, the spray characteristics have been examined in addition to the typical combustion and emission characteristics. In general, spray properties changes are based on the viscosity of the fuel used. Utilizing the higher viscous fluid in the engine creates havoc on liquid penetration and vapor penetration. A series of tests was conducted in the single-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine fuelled with Jatropha Curcas. The biodiesel blends were prepared at three different combinations of 10%, 20%, and 30% dispersed with the Fe2O3 nanoparticles at 50 ppm to form JF10 (10% blend + 90% diesel with 50 ppm of Fe2O3), JF20 (20% blend + 80% diesel with 50 ppm of Fe2O3), and JF30 (30% blend + 70% diesel with 50 ppm of Fe2O3). Based on the previous study observation, adding the blends affects the both combustion and performance of the engine which is counteracted in this study by adding the nanoparticles to the blends. From the obtained results, it is proved that the addition of nanoparticles increases the engine performance and emission characteristics. To be precise, the brake thermal efficiency has been improvised by 4% for the JF10 compared to neat diesel. With regard to emissions, a massive reduction in CO and NOx has been observed. To understand the quality of combustion, the fluid spray simulation has been carried out. A set of numerical simulations were done using the particle droplet analysis with the aid of star ccm+ and found that injection pressure and ambient pressure are the key responsible parameters for increasing the combustion efficiency of the system. On the other hand, the liquid length of blended fuel is another key factor that affects the atomization process. Furthermore, the high injection pressure reduces the spray cone angle for biodiesel by achieving high mixing rates.
Nanoscale interplay of native point defects near Sr-deficient SrxTiO3/SrTiO3 interfaces
Authors: Noesges Brenton A. , Lee Daesu , Lee Jung-Woo , Eom Chang-Beom , Brillson Leonard J.
Published: May 2022

SrTiO3 has many applications involving interfaces with other materials, but defects that affect the properties of SrTiO3 films can also play a significant role at its heterointerfaces and even at junctions with nonstoichiometric SrTiO3. Depth-resolved cathodoluminescence spectroscopy (DRCLS) combined with systematic cation Sr content reduction in SrxTiO3 ultrathin films grown on SrTiO3 showed an interplay of native point defects and electronic structure within the Sr-deficient film and how interplay extends tens of nanometers into the substrate below. Understanding how defects form and affect interface electronic structure during epitaxial growth is central to improving complex oxide devices. Controlling the balance of oxygen vacancy defects with strontium vacancies and other acceptor-like defects can improve control over free carrier densities. Likewise, control over nanoscale defect charge distributions can advance new device features such as two-dimensional hole gases and the performance of existing devices such as ferroelectric tunnel junctions. This study shows how DRCLS directly measures the relative densities and spatial distributions of multiple native defects within and extending away from nanoscale SrxTiO3/SrTiO3 junctions and how their interplay varies with controlled epitaxial growth. In turn, these growth-dependent defect variations can help guide SrTiO3 epitaxial growth with other complex oxides.
Assessing Climate Suitability of Three Cities for the 2027 Women’s World Cup
Authors: Orr Madeleine , Ross Walker J.
Published: May 2022

Given the impacts of climate change, sport event organizations need to adapt to changes in their environment to remain feasible, safe, competitive, and profitable. Mega-events such as the Olympic Games and Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) World Cups take years to plan and, ideally, produce long-lasting legacy benefits for their host communities. In awarding these events to host cities and countries, the rightsholders must carefully consider the local climate to ensure that playing conditions will be safe and competitive. This case study examines the prospective 2027 FIFA Women’s World Cup bid in Belgium, Germany, and the Netherlands and invites students to put themselves in the position of a joint bid committee, which must assess the suitability of three cities (Brussels, Berlin, and Amsterdam) for hosting based on their climate. Furthermore, students will be asked to identify climate adaptation strategies that might be adopted by the prospective host committees to accommodate any potential climate challenges. Through this case study, students will learn to investigate the potential effects of climate, climate change, and weather issues on a mega-event; explore the relationship between sport and the natural environment; and learn to source climate data for their own communities and organizations.
ActiGraph Cutpoints Impact Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Outcomes in Young Children
Authors: Breau Becky , Coyle-Asbil Hannah J. , Haines Jess , Ma David W.L. , Vallis Lori Ann , _ _
Published: May 2022

Purpose: Examine the effect of cutpoint selection on physical activity (PA) metrics calculated from young children’s accelerometer data and on the proportion of children meeting PA guidelines. Methods: A total of 262 children (3.6 ± 1.4 years, 126 males) wore ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometers on their right hip for 7 days, 24 hr/day. Ten cutpoint sets were applied to the sample categorized by age, based on populations of the original cutpoint calibration studies using ActiLife software. Resulting sedentary behavior, light PA, moderate to vigorous PA, and total PA were compared using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Proportion of children meeting age-appropriate PA guidelines based on each cutpoint set was assessed using Cochran’s q tests. Results: Children wore the accelerometer for an average of 7.6 ± 1.2 days for an average of 11.9 ± 1.2 hr/day. Significant differences in time spent in each intensity were found across all cutpoints except for sedentary, and total PA for three comparisons (Trost vs. Butte Vertical Axis [VA], Pate vs. Puyau, and Costa VA vs. Evenson) and moderate to vigorous PA for four comparisons (Trost vs. Pate, Trost vs. Pate and Pfeiffer, Pate vs. Pate and Pfeiffer, and van Cauwenberghe vs. Evenson). When examined within age-appropriate groups, all sets of cutpoints resulted in significant differences across all intensities and in the number of children meeting PA guidelines. Conclusion: Choice of cutpoints applied to data from young children significantly affects times calculated for different movement intensities, which in turn impacts the proportion of children meeting guidelines. Thus, comparisons of movement intensities should not be made across studies using different sets of cutpoints.
Comparison of Child and Adolescent Physical Activity Levels From Open-Source Versus ActiGraph Counts
Authors: Clevenger Kimberly A. , Mackintosh Kelly A. , McNarry Melitta A. , Pfeiffer Karin A. , Montoye Alexander H.K. , Brønd Jan Christian
Published: May 2022

ActiGraph counts are commonly used for characterizing physical activity intensity and energy expenditure and are among the most well-studied accelerometer metrics. Researchers have recently replicated the counts processing method using a mechanical setup, now allowing users to generate counts from raw acceleration data. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare ActiGraph-generated counts to open-source counts and assess the impact on free-living physical activity levels derived from cut points, machine learning, and two-regression models. Methods: Children (n = 488, 13.0 ± 1.1 years of age) wore an ActiGraph wGT3X-BT on their right hip for 7 days during waking hours. ActiGraph counts and counts generated from raw acceleration data were compared at the epoch-level and as overall means. Seven methods were used to classify overall and epoch-level activity intensity. Outcomes were compared using weighted kappa, correlations, mean absolute deviation, and two one-sided equivalence testing. Results: All outcomes were statistically equivalent between ActiGraph and open-source counts; weighted kappa was ≥.971 and epoch-level correlations were ≥.992, indicating very high agreement. Bland–Altman plots indicated differences increased with activity intensity, but overall differences between ActiGraph and open-source counts were minimal (e.g., epoch-level mean absolute difference of 23.9 vector magnitude counts per minute). Regardless of classification model, average differences translated to 1.4–2.6 min/day for moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity. Conclusion: Open-source counts may be used to enhance comparability of future studies, streamline data analysis, and enable researchers to use existing developed models with alternative accelerometer brands. Future studies should verify the performance of open-source counts for other outcomes, like sleep.
Social preferences or sacred values? Theory and evidence of deontological motivations
Authors: Chen Daniel L. , Schonger Martin
Published: May 2022

Recent advances in economic theory, largely motivated by experimental findings, have led to the adoption of models of human behavior where decision-makers take into consideration not only their own payoff but also others’ payoffs and any potential consequences of these payoffs. Investigations of deontological motivations, where decision-makers make their choice based on not only the consequences of a decision but also the decision per se, have been rare. We provide a formal interpretation of major moral philosophies and a revealed preference method to distinguish the presence of deontological motivations from a purely consequentialist decision-maker whose preferences satisfy first-order stochastic dominance.
Translesion DNA synthesis mediates acquired resistance to olaparib plus temozolomide in small cell lung cancer
Authors: Stanzione Marcello , Zhong Jun , Wong Edmond , LaSalle Thomas J. , Wise Jillian F. , Simoneau Antoine , Myers David T. , Phat Sarah , Sade-Feldman Moshe , Lawrence Michael S. , Hadden M. Kyle , Zou Lee , Farago Anna F. , Dyson Nicholas J. , Drapkin Benjamin J.
Published: May 2022

In small cell lung cancer (SCLC), acquired resistance to DNA-damaging therapy is challenging to study because rebiopsy is rarely performed. We used patient-derived xenograft models, established before therapy and after progression, to dissect acquired resistance to olaparib plus temozolomide (OT), a promising experimental therapy for relapsed SCLC. These pairs of serial models reveal alterations in both cell cycle kinetics and DNA replication and demonstrate both inter- and intratumoral heterogeneity in mechanisms of resistance. In one model pair, up-regulation of translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) enabled tolerance of OT-induced damage during DNA replication. TLS inhibitors restored sensitivity to OT both in vitro and in vivo, and similar synergistic effects were seen in additional SCLC cell lines. This represents the first described mechanism of acquired resistance to DNA damage in a patient with SCLC and highlights the potential of the serial model approach to investigate and overcome resistance to therapy in SCLC.
Pannexin 1 drives efficient epithelial repair after tissue injury
Authors: Lucas Christopher D. , Medina Christopher B. , Bruton Finnius A. , Dorward David A. , Raymond Michael H. , Tufan Turan , Etchegaray J. Iker , Barron Brady , Oremek Magdalena E. M. , Arandjelovic Sanja , Farber Emily , Onngut-Gumuscu Suna , Ke Eugene , Whyte Moira K. B. , Rossi Adriano G. , Ravichandran Kodi S.
Published: May 2022

Epithelial tissues such as lung and skin are exposed to the environment and therefore particularly vulnerable to damage during injury or infection. Rapid repair is therefore essential to restore function and organ homeostasis. Dysregulated epithelial tissue repair occurs in several human disease states, yet how individual cell types communicate and interact to coordinate tissue regeneration is incompletely understood. Here, we show that pannexin 1 (Panx1), a cell membrane channel activated by caspases in dying cells, drives efficient epithelial regeneration after tissue injury by regulating injury-induced epithelial proliferation. Lung airway epithelial injury promotes the Panx1-dependent release of factors including ATP, from dying epithelial cells, which regulates macrophage phenotype after injury. This process, in turn, induces a reparative response in tissue macrophages that includes the induction of the soluble mitogen amphiregulin, which promotes injury-induced epithelial proliferation. Analysis of regenerating lung epithelium identified Panx1-dependent induction of
Nras
and
Bcas2
, both of which positively promoted epithelial proliferation and tissue regeneration in vivo. We also established that this role of Panx1 in boosting epithelial repair after injury is conserved between mouse lung and zebrafish tailfin. These data identify a Panx1-mediated communication circuit between epithelial cells and macrophages as a key step in promoting epithelial regeneration after injury.
Supplemental Material: Crustal growth/reworking and stabilization of the western Superior Province: Insights from a Neoarchean gneiss complex of the Winnipeg River terrane
Authors: Ma Chong , et al.
Published: May 2022

Figures S1‒S5; LA-ICP-MS analytical methods; Tables S1‒S2.
Modeling the Structure of Human tRNA-Guanine Transglycosylase in Complex with 7-Methylguanine and Revealing the Factors that Determine the Enzyme Interaction with Inhibitors
Authors: Pushkarev Sergey V. , Vinnik Valeriia A. , Shapovalova Irina V. , Švedas Vytas K. , Nilov Dmitry K.
Published: May 2022

tRNA-guanine transglycosylase, an enzyme catalyzing replacement of guanine with queuine in human tRNA and participating in the translation mechanism, is involved in the development of cancer. However, information on the small-molecule inhibitors that can suppress activity of this enzyme is very limited. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to determine the amino acid residues that provide efficient binding of inhibitors in the active site of tRNA-guanine transglycosylase. It was demonstrated using 7-methylguanine molecule as a probe that the ability of the inhibitor to adopt a charged state in the environment of hydrogen bond acceptors Asp105 and Asp159 plays a key role in complex formation. Formation of the hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic contacts with Gln202, Gly229, Phe109, and Met259 residues are also important. It has been predicted that introduction of the substituents would have a different effect on the ability to inhibit tRNA-guanine transglycosylase, as well as the DNA repair protein poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, which can contribute to the development of more efficient and selective compounds.
Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on stroke response times: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nawabi Noah L A , Duey Akiro H , Kilgallon John L , Jessurun Charissa , Doucette Joanne , Mekary Rania A , Aziz-Sultan Mohammad Ali
Published: May 2022

Objectives

COVID-19 presents a risk for delays to stroke treatment. We examined how COVID-19 affected stroke response times.

Methods

A literature search was conducted to identify articles covering stroke during COVID-19 that included time metrics data pre- and post-pandemic. For each outcome, pooled relative change from baseline and 95% CI were calculated using random-effects models. Heterogeneity was explored through subgroup analyses comparing comprehensive stroke centers (CSCs) to non-CSCs.

Results

38 included studies reported on 6109 patients during COVID-19 and 14 637 patients during the pre-COVID period. Pooled increases of 20.9% (95% CI 5.8% to 36.1%) in last-known-well (LKW) to arrival times, 1.2% (−2.9% to 5.3%) in door-to-imaging (DTI), 0.8% (–2.9% to 4.5%) in door-to-needle (DTN), 2.8% (−5.0% to 10.6%) in door-to-groin (DTG), and 19.7% (11.1% to 28.2%) in door-to-reperfusion (DTR) times were observed during COVID-19. At CSCs, LKW increased by 24.0% (−0.3% to 48.2%), DTI increased by 1.6% (−3.0% to 6.1%), DTN increased by 3.6% (1.2% to 6.0%), DTG increased by 4.6% (−5.9% to 15.1%), and DTR increased by 21.2% (12.3% to 30.1%). At non-CSCs, LKW increased by 12.4% (−1.0% to 25.7%), DTI increased by 0.2% (−2.0% to 2.4%), DTN decreased by −4.6% (−11.9% to 2.7%), DTG decreased by −0.6% (−8.3% to 7.1%), and DTR increased by 0.5% (−31.0% to 32.0%). The increases during COVID-19 in LKW (p=0.01) and DTR (p=0.00) were statistically significant, as was the difference in DTN delays between CSCs and non-CSCs (p=0.04).

Conclusions

Factors during COVID-19 resulted in significantly delayed LKW and DTR, and mild delays in DTI, DTN, and DTG. CSCs experience more pronounced delays than non-CSCs.
Endovascular thrombectomy versus standard medical treatment for stroke patients with acute basilar artery occlusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Yongli , Zhao Wendong , Guo Yingchang , Li Yanru
Published: May 2022

Background

Whether endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is superior to standard medical treatment (SMT) for stroke patients with acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) is uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of EVT with SMT for treating BAO patients.

Methods

Papers were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases. The primary outcome of this meta-analysis was favorable functional outcomes at 3 months (defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of ≤3). A random effect model was used to calculate risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) per outcome.

Results

Five articles, including two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and four observational cohort studies, comprising 1484 patients (1024 in the EVT group and 460 in the SMT group), were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results demonstrated no significant differences between the EVT and SMT groups in achieving favorable functional outcomes at 3 months (RR=1.63, 95% CI 0.90, 2.96; p=0.11). However, patients in the EVT group had higher rates for symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (RR=6.22, 95% CI 2.06 to 18.76; p=0.001) but lower mortality at 3 months (RR=0.72, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.91; p=0.007) than patients in the SMT group.

Conclusion

Among patients with BAO, EVT and SMT did not differ significantly in achieving favorable functional outcomes at 3 months, but BAO patients treated with EVT might have lower mortality at 3 months. RCTs are warranted to further assess the efficacy and safety of EVT for BAO patients.
Thrombectomy in basilar artery occlusions: impact of number of passes and futile reperfusion
Authors: de Havenon Adam , Elhorany Mahmoud , Boulouis Gregoire , Naggara Olivier , Darcourt Jean , Clarençon Frédéric , Richard Sébastien , Marnat Gaultier , Bourcier Romain , Sibon Igor , Arquizan Caroline , Dargazanli Cyril , Maïer Benjamin , Seners Pierre , Lapergue Bertrand , Consoli Arturo , Eugene Francois , Vannier Stephane , Caroff Jildaz , Denier Christian , Boulanger Marion , Gauberti Maxime , Rouchaud Aymeric , Macian Francisco , Rosso Charlotte , Turc Guillaume , Ozkul-Wermester Ozlem , Papagiannaki Chrisanthi , Albucher Jean François , Le Bras Anthony , Evain Sarah , Wolff Valerie , Pop Raoul , Timsit Serge , Gentric Jean-Christophe , Bourdain Frédéric , Veunac Louis , Fahed Robert , Finitsis Stephanos Nikolaos , Gory Benjamin
Published: May 2022

Background

The number of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) passes is strongly associated with angiographic reperfusion as well as clinical outcomes in patients with anterior circulation ischemic stroke. However, these associations have not been analyzed in patients with basilar artery occlusion (BAO). We investigated the influence of the number of MT passes on the degree of reperfusion and clinical outcomes, and compared outcome after ≤3 passes versus >3 passes.

Methods

We used data from the prospective multicentric Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke (ETIS) Registry at 18 sites in France. Patients with BAO treated with MT were included. The primary outcome was a favorable outcome, defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0–3 at 90 days. We fit mixed multiple regression models, with center as a random effect.

Results

We included 275 patients. Successful recanalization (modified Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) 2b-3) was achieved in 88.4%, and 41.8% had a favorable outcome. The odds ratio for favorable outcome with each pass above 1 was 0.41 (95% CI 0.23 to 0.73) and for recanalization (mTICI 2b-3) it was 0.70 (95% CI 0.57 to 0.87). In patients with ≤3 passes, the rate of favorable outcome in recanalized versus non-recanalized patients was 50.5% versus 10.0% (p=0.001), while in those with >3 passes it was 16.7% versus 15.2% (p=0.901).

Conclusions

We found that BAO patients had a significant relationship between the number of MT passes and both recanalization and favorable functional outcome. We further found that the benefit of recanalization in BAO patients was significant only when recanalization was achieved within three passes, encouraging at least three passes before stopping the procedure.
Treatment of wide-necked bifurcation aneurysms with the eCLIPs device: 5-year experience of a single center
Authors: Diestro Jose Danilo Bengzon , Keough Michael B , Ashforth Robert A , Chow Michael M , Rempel Jeremy L , Marotta Thomas R , O'Kelly Cian
Published: May 2022

Background

The endovascular clip system (eCLIPs) is a novel device with both neck bridging and flow-diversion properties that make it suitable for the treatment of wide-necked bifurcation aneurysms.

Objective

To describe the clinical and radiologic outcomes of the eCLIPs device, including the first-in-man use of the latest version of the device.

Methods

This is a retrospective case series on all the wide-necked bifurcation aneurysms treated with the eCLIPs device in our center. The immediate and latest radiologic and clinical outcomes were assessed.

Results

The device was successfully implanted in 12 of 13 patients. After a median follow-up period of 19 months (range 3–64 months), all patients with available data (11/12) had a good radiologic outcome (modified Raymond-Roy classification scores of 1 or 2). Two patients (18.2%) underwent re-treatment with simple coiling through the device. One of these had a subarachnoid hemorrhage prior to re-treatment. There were no major complications (death or permanent neurologic deficits) associated with use of the device.

Conclusion

Our series demonstrates occlusion rates that are similar to those of standard stent-assisted coiling and intrasaccular flow diversion for wide-necked bifurcation aneurysms. Larger registry-based studies are necessary to support our findings.
Morphological characteristics associated with ruptured intracranial vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms
Authors: Han Jiangli , Chen Jigang , Tong Xin , Han Mingyang , Peng Fei , Niu Hao , Liu Lang , Liu Fei , Liu Aihua
Published: May 2022

Objective

Morphological risk factors for the rupture of intracranial vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms (IVADAs) have not been well characterized. In this study, we aim to identify morphological characteristics associated with IVADA rupture.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study of 249 consecutive patients with single IVADAs (31 ruptured and 218 unruptured) admitted to Beijing Tiantan Hospital between January 2016 and December 2020. Various morphological parameters were measured using three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography images. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify morphological characteristics associated with IVADA rupture.

Results

Univariate regression analysis revealed that the coexistence of significant proximal and distal stenosis and posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) involvement were associated with IVADA rupture, while the origin from the dominant vertebral artery was inversely associated with the rupture. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that the coexistence of significant proximal and distal stenosis (OR 22.00, 95% CI 5.60 to 86.70, p<0.001) and PICA involvement (OR 4.55, 95% CI 1.36 to 15.20, p=0.014) were independently associated with IVADA rupture.

Conclusion

The coexistence of significant proximal and distal stenosis and PICA involvement were independently associated with IVADA rupture. These morphological characteristics may facilitate the assessment of rupture risk in patients with IVADAs.
Neurology and the histiocytoses: a case of Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes disease
Authors: Carroll Antonia S , Doherty Carolynne M , Blake Julian , Hunt Stephen J , Hoskote Chandrashekar , McNicholl Feargal , Phadke Rahul , Sheehy Oonagh , Bremner Fion D , D'Sa Shirley , McNamara Christopher , Reilly Mary M
Published: May 2022

The histiocytoses are a group of rare disorders characterised by the accumulation of neoplastic or non-neoplastic activated histiocytes in various tissues. Phenotypes vary widely from cutaneous lesions or lymphadenopathy that regress spontaneously to disseminated disease with poor prognosis. Neurological symptoms can be a presenting feature or appear during the course of disease. We present a challenging diagnostic and management case of Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes disease in a 48-year-old woman with a relapsing, partially steroid-responsive syndrome comprising patchy, non-length-dependent radiculoneuropathy with diffuse pachymeningitis and widespread systemic disease, and recent dramatic response to novel mitogen-activated kinase pathway inhibition. We discuss the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, recent breakthroughs in pathogenesis and emerging treatment options for Rosai-Dorfman disease and for the histiocytoses with neurological sequelae, including Langerhans cell histiocytosis and Erdheim-Chester disease.
Prediction of hydraulic conductivity parameters of slurries from centrifuge consolidation settlements
Authors: Vasudev Akhila , Bharat Tadikonda Venkata
Published: May 2022

Slurry materials such as mine tailings and dredged clays undergo large, self-weight consolidation settlements. Compressibility and hydraulic conductivity characteristics of such slurries are essential for the estimation of their settlements and settlement rates for the safe maintenance of the storage facilities. These two constitutive functions of slurry materials are frequently estimated from laborious large-strain consolidation tests. Centrifuge consolidations tests are receiving great attention, therefore, to circumvent the time-consuming consolidation tests in the 1 g environment. However, the inverse analysis of settlement–time data for the estimation of compressibility and hydraulic conductivity functions is computationally expensive due to the requirement of a large number of forward analyses and thus is not available yet for the centrifuge environment. In this work, for the first time, two existing back analysis procedures for 1 g column tests were explored for predicting the hydraulic conductivity parameters of several slurry materials from the centrifuge test data. These procedures require well-defined and time-invariant compressibility functions of the slurry materials. These methods need only time–settlement data from a single centrifuge test, and do not depend on the excess pore pressure profiles. A finite difference solution of the analytical model for finite strain consolidation behavior of samples in centrifuge environment was utilized for the forward analysis. Four simulated synthetic temporal settlement curves and four centrifuge consolidation test data from the literature were utilized for validation of the studied methods. The methods were simple, computationally inexpensive due to the requirement of only a smaller number of forward analyses, and effective in accurately predicting the hydraulic conductivity constitutive parameters.
Thermodynamics of a modified Schwarzschild white hole in the presence of a cosmological constant
Authors: Kubeka Amos S. , Amani Alireza
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we modify the usual Schwarzschild white hole in the presence of the cosmological constant. We then study its [Formula: see text] criticality, heat capacity, derive its equation of state, and then its stability conditions. In the process, we find that the thermal properties of the modified Schwarzschild white hole are not that of the usual Schwarzschild white hole as first stated in the literature by Stephen Hawking and then confirmed by others, but in fact, they are analogous to the thermal properties of our the universe.
Topological effects of a disclination on quantum revivals
Authors: Bakke K.
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we discuss the effects of the topology of a disclination on quantum revivals when a quantum particle is subject to an infinite cylindrical well and a logarithmic potential. By using the WKB (Wentzel, Kramers and Brillouin) approximation, we obtain the eigenvalues of energy and show that the influence of the topology of the disclination on them gives rise to an Aharonov–Bohm-type effect. Further, we discuss how the topology of a disclination influences the classical periods and the revival times.
Rotating Lee–Wick black hole and thermodynamics
Authors: Singh Dharm Veer , Upadhyay Sudhaker , Ali Md Sabir
Published: May 2022

We derive a singular solution for the rotating counterpart of Lee–Wick gravity having a point source in a higher-derivative theory. We critically analyze the thermodynamics of such a thermal system by evaluating mass parameters, angular velocity and Hawking temperature. The system follows the first law of thermodynamics and leads to the expression of entropy. We further discuss the stability and phase transition of the theory by evaluating heat capacity and free energy. The phase transition occurs at the point of divergence and the temperature is maximum. Remarkably, the black hole is unstable for a small horizon radius and stable for a large horizon radius.
Gaze-enhanced Crossmodal Embeddings for Emotion Recognition
Authors: Abdou Ahmed , Sood Ekta , Müller Philipp , Bulling Andreas
Published: May 2022

Emotional expressions are inherently multimodal -- integrating facial behavior, speech, and gaze -- but their automatic recognition is often limited to a single modality, e.g. speech during a phone call. While previous work proposed crossmodal emotion embeddings to improve monomodal recognition performance, despite its importance, an explicit representation of gaze was not included. We propose a new approach to emotion recognition that incorporates an explicit representation of gaze in a crossmodal emotion embedding framework. We show that our method outperforms the previous state of the art for both audio-only and video-only emotion classification on the popular One-Minute Gradual Emotion Recognition dataset. Furthermore, we report extensive ablation experiments and provide detailed insights into the performance of different state-of-the-art gaze representations and integration strategies. Our results not only underline the importance of gaze for emotion recognition but also demonstrate a practical and highly effective approach to leveraging gaze information for this task.
A Highly Integrated Ambient Light Robust Eye-Tracking Sensor for Retinal Projection AR Glasses Based on Laser Feedback Interferometry
Authors: Meyer Johannes , Schlebusch Thomas , Kasneci Enkelejda
Published: May 2022

Robust and highly integrated eye-tracking is a key technology to improve resolution of near-eye-display technologies for augmented reality (AR) glasses such as focus-free retinal projection as it enables display enhancements like foveated rendering. Furthermore, eye-tracking sensors enables novel ways to interact with user interfaces of AR glasses, improving thus the user experience compared to other wearables. In this work, we present a novel approach to track the user's eye by scanned laser feedback interferometry sensing. The main advantages over modern video-oculography (VOG) systems are the seamless integration of the eye-tracking sensor and the excellent robustness to ambient light with significantly lower power consumption. We further present an algorithm to track the bright pupil signal captured by our sensor with a significantly lower computational effort compared to VOG systems. We evaluate a prototype to prove the high robustness against ambient light and achieve a gaze accuracy of 1.62\,$^\circ$, which is comparable to other state-of-the-art scanned laser eye-tracking sensors. The outstanding robustness and high integrability of the proposed sensor will pave the way for everyday eye-tracking in consumer AR glasses.
Reliability of heart rate variability during stable and disrupted polysomnographic sleep
Authors: Kerkering Emma M. , Greenlund Ian M. , Bigalke Jeremy A. , Migliaccio Gianna C. L. , Smoot Carl A. , Carter Jason R.
Published: May 2022

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a commonly employed indirect estimate of cardiac autonomic activity during sleep with limited reliability studies. Nocturnal frequency-domain HRV was reliable across differing stable sleep cycles of stage-2 (N2), slow-wave (SWS), and rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep. Moreover, frequency- and time-domain HRV were reliable during stable and disturbed sleep, except SWS low-frequency HRV. Our finding supports nocturnal HRV as a potential tool for cardiovascular risk stratification.
Application of Fine Motion Capture Method for Tai Chi Chuan Assistant Training
Authors: Li Wenbo
Published: May 2022

Tai Chi Chuan is an important part of Chinese wushu and is the product of the Chinese civilization; it contains abundant philosophy sense. Tai Chi Chuan has experienced a long historical process of development; in the process of development and change numerous for brief, to the rough, now widely process of Tai Chi Chuan for its style is easy to learn and has a strong role of strengthening the body while widely popular among the people of all ages. The existing Tai Chi Chuan training methods have not satisfied people’s pursuit of spiritual life that has more and more high request, therefore urgently needs to study new and efficient Tai Chi Chuan training method. In this paper, the characteristics and development history of the Tai Chi Chuan development were analyzed. In order to overcome difficulties in training, at present, the research on application of AI technology with fine motion capture method auxiliary taijiquan training is aimed at, which can further improve the social mass to understand Tai Chi Chuan, and guide people to exercise more scientifically, improve the body quality, training effect, and enrich the spiritual and cultural life.
Development and Performance Evaluation of Digital Technology and Radio and Television Integration Based on Big Data Model
Authors: Lv Jing , Tao Yanrui
Published: May 2022

In today’s big data era, China’s radio and television broadcast volume has reached an unprecedented height, and it is diversified in quality and content richness. The realization of big data model accelerates the transformation of radio and television and constantly reaches new movie-watching heights. In the era when TV dramas, movies, animation, radio stations, and We Media are prevalent, big data is being experimentally analyzed through professional digital technology and effective methods of media integration of radio and television. In order to make China’s radio and television industry present a strong industrialization development trend, it is necessary to have a suitable network system to form a pillar, so as to play a substantial role in the development of this industry. Choosing the appropriate evaluation system to evaluate the broadcast volume, ratings, box office volume, and profit income of the mass media is also a breakthrough stage of today’s technical ability. The experimental results of this paper show that (1) from the ratings of only 15% in 2010 to 75% today, the successful investment of radio and television in the market has been realized, and the efficient development of modern technology has benefited the people. (2) Department executives are mainly in charge of the economic lifeline of enterprises, and 70% of economic indicators is the embodiment of small workload and high voice of key tasks, which are the main roles in performance evaluation. (3) The accuracy of the old index is only 75 while the new index is 90, so selecting excellent performance indicators is also responsible for performance appraisal. (4) The development of radio and television from urban to rural areas, from 0% of the market to 12.23% of the rural areas, is a manifestation that the development of modern science and technology benefits the whole people. Only when performance evaluation is fed back to the market can it adapt to the next stage of reform and improve the enthusiasm of employees.
The Reformulated F-Index of Vertex and Edge F-Join of Graphs
Authors: Maji Durbar , Ghorai Ganesh , Shami Faria Ahmed
Published: May 2022

The valency based topological indices (TIs) are defined by algebraic functions as the chemical graph theory tools in which the structural parameters are used as input and the output is related with the topology of chemical species. In theoretical chemistry, the TIs are mainly used to investigate/develop the QSAR and QSPR investigations of the molecular graphs. The Reformulated F-index or RFI is one such kind of TIs. The RFI for a molecular graph Y is defined as

R
F

Y

=

∑

u
v
∈
E

Y

d

Y

u

+

d

Y

v

−
2

3

, where

d

Y

u

is the degree of a vertex

u

in

Y

. In this paper, we study the RFI for vertex and edge version of F-join of given general graphs which are related to subdivision and total graph.
Analysis of Children’s Online Reading Behavior Oriented for Family Education
Authors: Cai Wenmin
Published: May 2022

Aiming at the problem of supply-demand matching of online reading, an analysis method of children’s online reading behavior oriented for family education has been put forward. The data-based classification method is constructed to classify the sample population by statistical methods, and the traditional index classification is carried out by using K-medoids clustering and logistic regression analysis. The matching degree of population classification is discussed through comparison. R language and Mplus are used to analyze the data for the objective classification of the sample data set. Based on the reading response behavior of children’s online reading users, a differential item functioning (DIF) test of socioeconomic status is carried out. At the same time, the population is divided by traditional economic classification indicators to carry out a DIF test and explore the differences in the reading ability of different classification groups. By comparing the results of the two grouping methods, the main family socioeconomic status factors affecting reading performance are explored and targeted countermeasures are put forward. The experimental results show that when analyzing children’s online reading behavior, using machine learning algorithms such as cluster analysis, logistic regression analysis, and so on can get consistent results and then using the DIF test to explore the responses of category groups can effectively distinguish group differences.
Targeting the FAK-Src Complex in Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumors, Ewing Sarcoma, and Rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: van Erp Anke E. M. , Hillebrandt-Roeffen Melissa H. S. , van Bree Niek F. H. N. , Plüm Tim A. , Flucke Uta. E. , Desar Ingrid M. E. , Fleuren Emmy D. G. , van der Graaf Winette T. A. , Versleijen-Jonkers Yvonne M. H.
Published: May 2022

Desmoplastic small round cell tumors (DSRCTs), Ewing sarcoma (ES), and alveolar and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS and ERMS) are malignant sarcomas typically occurring at young age, with a poor prognosis in the metastatic setting. New treatment options are necessary. Src family kinase inhibitor dasatinib single-agent treatment has been investigated in a phase 2 study in patients with advanced sarcomas including ES and RMS but failed as a single agent in these subtypes. Since previous studies demonstrated high FAK and Src activities in RMS and ES tissue and cell lines, and dasatinib treatment was shown to upregulate activated FAK, we hypothesized that FAK-Src combination treatment could potentially be an interesting treatment option for these tumor types. We examined the effects of targeting the FAK-Src complex by addressing (p)FAK and (p)Src expressions in tumor sections of DSRCT (n = 13), ES (n = 68), ARMS (n = 21), and ERMS (n = 39) and by determining the antitumor effects of single and combined treatment with FAK inhibitor defactinib and multikinase (Abl/SFK) inhibitor dasatinib in vitro on cell lines of each subtype. In vivo effects were assessed in DSRCT and ERMS models. Concurrent pFAK and pSrc expressions (H-score >50) were observed in DSRCT (67%), ES (6%), ARMS (35%), and ERMS (19%) samples. Defactinib treatment decreased pFAK expression and reduced cell viability in all subtypes. Dasatinib treatment decreased pSrc expression and cell viability in each subtype. Combination treatment led to a complete reduction in pFAK and pSrc in each cell line and showed enhanced cell viability reduction, drug synergy, DNA damage induction, and a trend toward higher apoptosis induction in DSRCT, ERMS, and ARMS but not in ES cells. These promising in vitro results unfortunately do not translate into promising in vivo results as we did not observe a significant effect on tumor volume in vivo, and the combination did not show superior effects compared to dasatinib single-agent treatment.
Review on Li-Ion Battery with Battery Management System in Electrical Vehicle
Authors: Ramkumar M. Siva , Reddy C. Subba Rami , Ramakrishnan Agenya , Raja K. , Pushpa S. , Jose S. , Jayakumar Mani
Published: May 2022

In this paper, functions of BMS in elections vehicles are explained. The BMS consists of number of electronics components for monitoring and controlling the functions of batteries in electrical vehicles (EVs). Nowadays, the EV has more concentrations because it has number of merits like compact in size, does not require fossil fuel so it is environment friendly, and cost-saving. The main components in EV are batteries because batteries decide the performance and efficiency of EV. So, we should give more importance to batteries. Battery is controlled and monitored with the help of BMS. The BMS protects the battery and increases life time and efficiency due to charging discharging process.
Early Family Intervention in Children with Language Delay: The Effect of Language Level and Communication Ability
Authors: Zhao Bo , Liu Yu , Liu Jing , Liu Yurui
Published: May 2022

Language development delay refers to the children’s oral expression ability or language understanding ability obviously lagging behind the normal development level of children of the same age. The efficacy of early family intervention in children with language delays is promising. The observational study was conducted involving 120 children aged 0∼3 years treated in the pediatric health department of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University for language delay. They were assessed for eligibility and recruited. The eligible children were grouped by 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years and were assessed on the Gesell Developmental Schedules and Normal Development of Social Skills from Infant to Junior High School Children (S-M) at the time of initial diagnosis and after the family language intervention. The family language intervention was performed by the parents and lasted for 6 months. All eligible children had a development quotient (DQ) > 86 in motor ability before and after the intervention. All eligible children had a DQ < 86 before the family language intervention in adaptive ability, social ability, and language ability and a DQ > 86 after the intervention. Family language intervention was associated with significant improvement in social life skills in all children, with higher independent living, exercise, operation, interaction, and participation in group activities and self-management after the intervention. Early family intervention yields significant efficacy in children with language delays in Zunyi City by improving the language ability and communication ability of young children, which provides a reference for clinical treatment.
Multidomain SDN-Based Gateways and Border Gateway Protocol
Authors: Alotaibi Hamad Saud , Gregory Mark A. , Li Shuo
Published: May 2022

The Internet consists of distributed and interconnected autonomous systems (ASs). The flexibility afforded by the Internet architecture ensures that timely changes to the network topology can occur without centralized control. The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is an Internet protocol that routes the Internet traffic and exchanges the information between AS. However, BGP version 4 (BGP-4) currently suffers from a limitation called “high convergence delay” while doing routing updates, which is a very common limitation, damaging the performance of contemporary IP networks. Software-defined networking (SDN) was conceived at the beginning of the 21st century, and over the intervening years, it has gained traction. This technology has significantly enhanced traffic control, management, and monitoring, particularly in data centres and enterprise networks. Challenges have been found including how to provide administrative control, security, management, and monitoring at domain boundaries while introducing the SDN paradigm. In multidomain SDN, BGP-4 is used to exchange the information and route the traffic between domains or diverse AS. In this review, an investigation is provided on using the SDN paradigm to enhance multidomain traffic management and control and to optimize BGP operation. A detailed insight is provided into the penetration of the SDN paradigm into modern networking architectures and how it may help in facilitating future research to improve BGP-4.