bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The biological relevance of a medieval king's DNA
Authors: Larmuseau Maarten H.D. , Bodner Martin
Published: July 2018

The discovery of the presumably lost grave of the controversial English king Richard III in Leicester (U.K.) was one of the most important archaeological achievements of the last decennium. The skeleton was identified beyond reasonable doubt, mainly by the match of mitochondrial DNA to that of living maternal relatives, along with the specific archaeological context. Since the genetic genealogical analysis only involved the DNA sequences of a single 15th century individual and a few reference persons, biologists might consider this investigation a mere curiosity. This mini-review shows that the unique context of a historical king's DNA also has relevance for biological research per se — in addition to the more obvious historical, societal and educational value. In the first place, the historical identification appeared to be a renewed forensic case realising a conservative statement with statistical power based on genetic and non-genetic data, including discordant elements. Secondly, the observation of historical non-paternity events within Richard III's patrilineage has given rise to new research questions about potential factors influencing the extra-pair paternity rate in humans and the importance of biological relatedness for the legal recognition of a child in the past. Thirdly, the identification of a named and dated skeleton with the known historical context serves as a reference for bioarchaeological investigations and studies on the spatio-temporal distribution of particular genetic variance. Finally, the Richard III case revealed privacy issues for living relatives which appear to be inherent to any publication of genetic genealogical data.
Protein motion in the nucleus: from anomalous diffusion to weak interactions
Authors: Woringer Maxime , Darzacq Xavier
Published: July 2018

Understanding how transcription factors (TFs) regulate mammalian gene expression in space and time is a central topic in biology. To activate a gene, a TF has first to diffuse in the available space of the nucleus until it reaches a target DNA sequence or protein (target site). This eventually results in the recruitment of the whole transcriptional machinery. All these processes take place in the mammalian nucleoplasm, a highly organized and dynamic environment, in which some complexes transiently assemble and break apart, whereas others appear more stable. This diversity of dynamic behaviors arises from the number of biomolecules that make up the nucleoplasm and their pairwise interactions. Indeed, interactions energies that span several orders of magnitude, from covalent bounds to transient and dynamic interactions, can shape nuclear landscapes. Thus, the nuclear environment determines how frequently and how fast a TF contacts its target site, and it indirectly regulates gene expression. How exactly transient interactions are involved in the regulation of TF diffusion is unclear, but are reflected by live cell imaging techniques, including single-particle tracking (SPT). Overall, the macroscopic result of these microscopic interactions is almost always anomalous diffusion, a phenomenon widely studied and modeled. Here, we review the connections between the anomalous diffusion of a TF observed by SPT and the microscopic organization of the nucleus, including recently described topologically associated domains and dynamic phase-separated compartments. We propose that anomalous diffusion found in SPT data result from weak and transient interactions with dynamic nuclear substructures, and that SPT data analysis would benefit from a better description of such structures.
Emerging mechanisms of dynein transport in the cytoplasm versus the cilium
Authors: Roberts Anthony J.
Published: July 2018

Two classes of dynein power long-distance cargo transport in different cellular contexts. Cytoplasmic dynein-1 is responsible for the majority of transport toward microtubule minus ends in the cell interior. Dynein-2, also known as intraflagellar transport dynein, moves cargoes along the axoneme of eukaryotic cilia and flagella. Both dyneins operate as large ATP-driven motor complexes, whose dysfunction is associated with a group of human disorders. But how similar are their mechanisms of action and regulation? To examine this question, this review focuses on recent advances in dynein-1 and -2 research, and probes to what extent the emerging principles of dynein-1 transport could apply to or differ from those of the less well-understood dynein-2 mechanoenzyme.
Defining the role of glucocorticoids in inflammation
Authors: Ronchetti Simona , Migliorati Graziella , Bruscoli Stefano , Riccardi Carlo
Published: July 2018

An established body of knowledge and clinical practice has argued in favor of the use of glucocorticoids in various chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, the very well-known adverse effects associated with their treatment hampers continuation of therapy with glucocorticoids. Analyses of the molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of glucocorticoids have led to the discovery of several mediators that add complexity and diversity to the puzzling world of these hormones and anti-inflammatory drugs. Such mediators hold great promise as alternative pharmacologic tools to be used as anti-inflammatory drugs with the same properties as glucocorticoids, but avoiding their metabolic side effects. This review summarizes findings about the molecular targets and mediators of glucocorticoid function.
Modified zero‐voltage‐switching single‐stage LED driver based on Class E converter with constant frequency control method
Authors: Zhang Shu , Liu Xiaosheng , Guan Yueshi , Yao Yousu , Alonso Jose Marcos
Published: July 2018

This study presents an integrated‐stage AC–DC lighting‐emitting diode (LED) driver based on flyback and Class‐E converter with high power factor (PF) with a wide range of the duty cycle. The flyback circuit works in discontinuous conduction mode to realise the PF correction function, and the Class‐E circuit is used as DC–DC converter to transfer the energy to the LED load. By sharing the common switch of the two circuits, the cost of system can be decreased distinctly. In addition, the Class‐E converter provides soft‐switching operation in a resonant mode, which can improve the converter efficiency. By integrating the flyback and Class‐E converters, the soft‐switching characteristic is still kept. In addition, the LED driver can be operated with wide duty cycle range to achieve a design degree of freedom to regulate the output current at a constant working frequency which makes the design of EMI filter easier. The operational principles, detailed analysis and design considerations of the LED driver are presented. A 100 W prototype is presented in an experimental condition to certifying the validity of the proposed integrated‐stage LED driver.
Power efficiency optimisation of a three‐coil wireless power transfer using compensatory reactance
Authors: Wang Quandi , Wang Yingcong
Published: July 2018

Magnetic coupling resonant‐wireless power transfer (MCR‐WPT) has attracted considerable attention in recent decades. A relay‐coil structure is utilised to extend the transfer distance between the transmitter side (Tx) and receiver side (Rx). This structure increases the complexity of analysing and optimising the operation of the system. The optimal compensatory capacitors of a three‐coil wireless power transfer (WPT) system with a relay coil were investigated based on the transfer efficiency. The WPT system is modelled according to the circuit theory using the magnetic coupling between the Tx and the Rx. The condition to derive the optimal efficiency is deduced into a polynomial equation using only the compensatory reactance of the relay coil. These real solutions are theoretically compared to determine the global optimum. An experimental prototype is implemented, and the experimental results agree well with the calculations.
Lithium abundance in lower red giant branch stars of Omega Centauri
Authors: Mucciarelli A. , Salaris M. , Monaco L. , Bonifacio P. , Fu X. , Villanova S.
Published: July 2018

We present Li, Na, Al, and Fe abundances of 199 lower red giant branch star members of the stellar system Omega Centauri, using high-resolution spectra acquired with FLAMES at the Very Large Telescope. The A(Li) distribution is peaked at A(Li) ∼ 1 dex with a prominent tail towards lower values. The peak of the distribution well agrees with the lithium abundances measured in lower red giant branch stars in globular clusters and Galactic field stars. Stars with A(Li) ∼ 1 dex are found at metallicities lower than [Fe/H] ∼ –1.3 dex but they disappear at higher metallicities. On the other hand, Li-poor stars are found at all metallicities. The most metal-poor stars exhibit a clear Li–Na anti-correlation, where about 30% of the sample have A(Li) lower than ∼0.8 dex, while these stars represent a small fraction of normal globular clusters. Most of the stars with [Fe/H] > –1.6 dex are Li poor and Na rich. The Li depletion measured in these stars is not observed in globular clusters with similar metallicities and we demonstrate that it is not caused by the proposed helium enhancements and/or young ages. Hence, these stars formed from a gas already depleted in lithium. Finally, we note that Omega Centauri includes all the populations (Li-normal/Na-normal, Li-normal/Na-rich, and Li-poor/Na-rich stars) observed, to a lesser extent, in mono-metallic GCs.
Properties of dust in the detached shells around U Antilae, DR Serpentis, and V644 Scorpii
Authors: Maercker M. , Khouri T. , De Beck E. , Brunner M. , Mecina M. , Jaldehag O.
Published: July 2018

Context. Asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars experience strong mass loss driven by dust particles formed in the upper atmospheres. The dust is released into the interstellar medium, and replenishes galaxies with synthesised material from the star. The dust grains further act as seeds for continued dust growth in the diffuse medium of galaxies. As such, understanding the properties of dust produced during the asymptotic giant branch phase of stellar evolution is important for understanding the evolution of stars and galaxies. Recent observations of the carbon AGB star R Scl have shown that observations at far-infrared and submillimetre wavelengths can effectively constrain the grain sizes in the shell, while the total mass depends on the structure of the grains (solid vs. hollow or fluffy).

Aims. We aim to constrain the properties of the dust observed in the submillimetre in the detached shells around the three carbon AGB stars U Ant, DR Ser, and V644 Sco, and to investigate the constraints on the dust masses and grain sizes provided by far-infrared and submm observations.

Methods. We observed the carbon AGB stars U Ant, DR Ser, and V644 Sco at 870 μm using LABOCA on APEX. Combined with observations from the optical to far-infrared, we produced dust radiative transfer models of the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) with contributions from the stars, present-day mass-loss and detached shells. We assume spherical, solid dust grains, and test the effect of different total dust masses and grain sizes on the SED, and attempted to consistently reproduce the SEDs from the optical to the submm.

Results. We derive dust masses in the shells of a few 10−5 M
⊙. The best-fit grain radii are comparatively large, and indicate the presence of grains between 0.1 μm and 2 μm. The LABOCA observations suffer from contamination from 12CO (3 − 2), and hence gives fluxes that are higher than the predicted dust emission at submm wavelengths. We investigate the effect on the best-fitting models by assuming different degrees of contamination and show that far-infrared and submillimetre observations are important to constrain the dust mass and grain sizes in the shells.

Conclusions. Spatially resolved observations of the detached shells in the far-infrared and submillimetre effectively constrain the temperatures in the shells, and hence the grain sizes. The dust mass is also constrained by the observations, but additional observations are needed to constrain the structure of the grains.
Healthcare products and food supplements in Poland - a comparison
Authors: Hys Katarzyna
Published: July 2018

The analysis of the level of consumption of food supplements by Poles raises increasing controversy. Many communities pay attention to the alarming situation, including, among others, Central Apothecary Council, National Institute of Medicine, Office of Competition and Consumer Protection, National Sanitary Inspectorate or the Supreme Chamber of Control. For the purpose of this paper, the studies were conducted with the use of the desk research technique. There are many factors which affect the increase in food supplement sales in Poland. One of them is the lack of basic client knowledge concerning the differences between healthcare products and food supplements. Clients identify supplements with medicine, which is wrong. Due to the above, the purpose of the paper is to demonstrate the differences between healthcare products and food supplements. As result, a set of criteria will be established, which will be used to conduct a comparative analysis for a healthcare product and food supplement.
ICT development on the example of selected software applied in manufacturing area
Authors: Szczotok Agnieszka , Dwornicka Renata
Published: July 2018

This paper provides an insight into a few selected aspects of computer-aided software usage in the manufacturing processes. This research aims to point out a diversity of software used in manufacturing area which is available on the market and to summarize most of the functionalities of three selected types of software for production zone backing.
Problems in the Implementation of the Lean Concept at a Steel Works - Case Study
Authors: Maszke Adrian , Dwornicka Renata , Ulewicz Robert
Published: July 2018

The paper presents the experience of implementing selected instruments of the Lean concept at a steel works. The functioning of an enterprises in the currently prevailing conditions, i.e. in a turbulent environment, results in increased customer requirements. They expect, among other things, high quality of steel products delivered on time at a low price. Many organizations decide to implement the lean management concept without proper preparation. The purpose of this paper is to present the limitations occurring during the implementation of the lean management concept in a steel mill.
Technological Resources Evaluation in the context of the micro-enterprise development
Authors: Stasiak-Betlejewska Renata , Parv Luminia , Karolczyk Justyna
Published: July 2018

The object of the paper is technological resources analysis in the context of selection of the micro-enterprise development direction aimed at gaining the product quality improvement. Paper presents results of the study conducted in chosen micro-enterprise of the furniture industry with using ABC technology method to identify modernity technological level for chosen machine. Presented research results allows identifying technological development direction for the analysed furniture enterprise.
Selected problems of designing modern industrial databases
Authors: Karpisz Dariusz , Kiełbus Anna
Published: July 2018

The paper presents problems of designing databases for various branches of industry. The development of information technologies and in particular of object-oriented programming has caused a change from data modelling to the modelling of applications. The increase of unstructured Big Data in Industry 4.0 era and requirements of sharing data model between many applications needs a reversion to data analysis and design and it is presented in the article.
Surface properties in S500MC steel with zinc coating
Authors: Dudek Agata , Strzelczak Katarzyna , Lisiecka Barbara
Published: July 2018

Zinc metal has a number of characteristics that make it a wellsuited corrosion protective coating for iron and steel products. Due to the zinc’s corrosion resistance on most environments, it provides an effective protective coating on many products and in many exposure conditions. Zinc, like all metals, corrodes when exposed to the atmosphere. However, because of its ability to form dense, adherent corrosion byproducts, the rate of corrosion is considerably lower than ferrous materials (10 to 100 times slower depending on the environment). In this study, a comparison of two series of specimens of alkaline electrochemical galvanizing steel S500MC (HSLA) was made. One series of samples was not stripped of the oxide layer from the substrate. The analysis was made using optical microscopy, electron scanning microscopy and X-ray diffraction.
Use of IT technologies in the management of production process quality
Authors: Milewska Elżbieta , Skowron Bartłomiej
Published: July 2018

When presenting the functionality of IPOsystem™, the author of the article described the manner of controlling the quality of products and calculating the technical cost of production in a selected production plant. In the article actions taken to remove product quality nonconformities have been discussed and a calculation by the subtractive factor method has been presented. Limitations of the described IT tools have also been illustrated with an example of implementation.
Sustainable Development in Accordance With the Concept of Industry 4.0 on the Example of the Furniture Industry
Authors: Wiśniewska-Sałek Anna
Published: July 2018

Sustainable development, as an integral part of building an economically rational market, is a challenge which is faced by many branches of the economy. The paper is an attempt to assess the opportunities provided by Industry 4.0 in the process of sustainable development of the furniture industry in Poland, making use of the experiences resulting from the participation of the Author in the project cofunded by the Erasmus+ Program of the European Union “Curriculum Development of Master’s Degree Program in Industrial Engineering for Thailand Sustainable Smart Industry - MSIE4.0”.
Selected programme methods of practical teaching - smart grid course as a case study
Authors: Kucęba Robert
Published: July 2018

With reference to the subject matter defined in the present paper’s title, the methods applied in the processes of formal practical teaching - programme methods, have been distinguished and aggregated on the basis of the research carried out within the ERASMUS+ project ”The acceleration method of development of transversal competences in the students’ practical training process”. As a case study programme methods of formal teaching have been aggregated as well as informatic tools and applications used while developing the simulated by students in laboratory conditions, a virtual management environment of dispersed RES micro-installations, within the Smart Grid course included into the area of prosumer energy. This simulator reflects the functional and logical structure of the Virtual Power Plant, which integrates the prosumer energy sources.
Improved Education and Trainings in the Field of Fire Protection
Authors: Moraru Roland Iosif , Sroka Mariusz
Published: July 2018

The article presents the characteristics of the subject "Fire and rescue protection" carried out at the Faculty of Management at the Czestochowa University of Technology in the field of "Work Safety and Hygiene". The modified program consists of lectures and exercises and also presents a practical way of implementing the selected issues in a given building. Next, the methodology of research and the results of questionnaire surveys conducted in the target group of students are presented, referring to the improved content and methods of education and training in the field of fire protection. The article ends with conclusions from the conducted research and the proposed concept of activities for the future.
Graphical-analytical analysis of the mechanism with rotating cam and flat-face follower
Authors: Alaci Stelian , Ciornei Florina-Carmen , Siretean Sorinel-Toderas , Ciornei Mariana-Catalina
Published: July 2018

The graphical-analytical methods are mentioned as being straightforward and expedite. The paper presents a graphical-analytical method for the kinematical analysis of a mechanism with rotating cam and oscillating flat-face follower. The manner supposes considering the contact point as a separate element of the mechanism and using concurrently the replacing mechanism with lower pairs and the actual mechanism, the relative motions from the contact point of the cam and contact point of the follower, respectively, are established. The methodology is exemplified for an actual case.
The possibility of extending work time of tribocouple welding improved stainless steel with improved carbon steel
Authors: Marušić Vlatko , Dašić Predrag , Opačak Ivan
Published: July 2018

In the conditions of tribo-corrosion wear, extending of life time of parts can be achieved by using stainless steel, which is hardened to sufficiently high hardness. In the tribopair bolt/shell/slice of the bucket elevator transporter conveyor machine, the previously improved martensitic stainless steel for bolts is hardened at ≈ 45 HRC and welded with the improved high yield carbon steel for bolts. As the additional material, an electrode based on Cr-Ni-Mo (18/8/6) is used. The structure and hardness of welded samples are tested. On the tensile tester, resistance of the welded joint is tested with a simulated experiment. Dimensional control of wear of elements of tribopair was performed after six months in service. The analysis of test results showed that with regulated additional material and by applying the recommended welding parameters, the properties of the weld, which provide the necessary reliability of the joint in the conditions of tensile load, can be achieved, with a significant increase in the wear resistance of bolt.
Selection criteria of optimal characteristic material and technologies for precision processing of basic working surface of human hip-joint implant
Authors: Turmanidze Raul , Dašić Predrag , Popkhadze Giorgi
Published: July 2018

In view of the fact that the endo-prosthesis heads of human hip-joint are operated in extreme conditions, in respect of load, the selection of corresponding material and also increase of precision and quality of machining of spherical surfaces is rather topical task. In the submitted work are reviewed the problems connected with definition of the influence degree of orientation of the sapphire crystal on its workability during diamond grinding with a butt of the ring and elaboration of the perspective, original scheme of formation of the incomplete spherical surface, particularly, of the sapphire head of endo-prosthesis of the human hip-joint.
Comparative analysis of automatic transmission and manual transmission behaviour on the worldwide harmonized light
duty test cycle
Authors: Bagameri Norbert , Varga Bogdan , Csato Aron , Moldovanu Dan
Published: July 2018

The European Commission has been actively involved in the development of the World-wide harmonized Light duty Test Cycle (WLTC). The aim of that project was to develop a harmonized light duty test cycle, that represents the average driving characteristics around the world and to have a legislative world-wide-harmonized procedure put in place from 2017 and onwards for determining the level of CO2 emissions. This work presents the results of the effect of automatic and manual transmissions as a drivetrain of a light duty vehicle on WLTC driving cycle. AVL Cruise software was used as simulation platform to analyse the CO2 level and fuel consumption of dynamic vehicle model using different type of drivetrains. At first the simulation tool and the most influential parameters of the driving cycle procedure are described. In the second phase various components and modules for both dynamic models using automatic and manual transmission, as well as the respective input parameters, were defined. Analyses are based on a developed dynamic vehicle model in AVL Cruise. Finally, the simulation results were evaluated and presented for the two dynamic models according to a legislative driving cycle to provide the basis fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions.
Determine of the wave equation in the task of electrical oscillations
Authors: Jelić Gordana V. , Stanojević Vladica , Radosavljević Dragana
Published: July 2018

One of the basic equations of mathematical physics (for instance function of two independent variables) is the differential equation with partial derivatives of the second order (3). This equation is called the wave equation, and is provided when considering the process of transverse oscillations of wire, longitudinal oscillations of rod, electrical oscillations in a conductor, torsional vibration at waves, etc… The paper shows how to form the equation (3) which is the equation of motion of each point of wire with abscissa x in time t during its oscillation. It is also shown how to determine the equation (3) in the task of electrical oscillations in a conductor. Then equation (3) is determined, and this solution satisfies the boundary and initial conditions.
Geometry of silent chain - involute sprocket
Authors: Jurj Lenard , Velicu Radu , Săulescu Radu
Published: July 2018

Silent chains tend to have more and more usage in automotive industry. The study of these types of chains has a lot to consider due to the fact that silent chains are not standardized yet. The aim of this paper is to study and analyse the theoretical contact point between a silent chain’s toothed plate and an involute sprocket. Varying different parameters of the chain and sprocket, there will be studied its effects on the theoretical contact point and the sprocket’s profile geometry.
The comparative study of the static friction coefficient between chain link and different types of polyamides
Authors: Papuc Radu , Lates Mihai-Tiberiu
Published: July 2018

This paper has as scope the comparative analysis of the experimental study of the static friction coefficients between the chain links and two guide types (segments cut from the tensioning guide of the transmission chain used in combustion engines). Basically, this study will be performed for the contact between steel and different types of polyamides PA46 and PA66, using two tribometers. In the first stage there will be presented the tribometers, devices and work methods followed by the tests results. The next stage presents with the help of finite element analysis the contact pressure variation and displacements distribution. At the end of the paper there are presented the conclusions of the tests performed on the two tribometers.
Determining the optimal operating parameters of a wind system
Authors: Cătălin Gavrilă Cornel , Săulescu Radu
Published: July 2018

The paper main objective is to determine the representative parameters for the geometrical modeling of the speed amplifiers used in the high-capacity wind systems, taking into account the assembling and also the neighboring conditions of the satellite wheels in the planetary units. The analysis is based on a case study taken from a representative producer in this field - a speed amplifier for which is known: wind rotor diameter, type of speed amplifier and electric generator. Starting from these data and from the power curve offered by each wind device producer, the paper presents the synthesis of the number of teeth and the efficiency of such an amplifier taking into account the electrical and wind parameters (wind velocity, density air, wind rotor diameter). Based on the electrical and wind parameters, the system's power factor is determined to determine the efficiency of the speed amplifier and the wind speed at which the system can work best.
Device for persons with low vision
Authors: Horațiu Sîrbu Vlad , Mariana Barbu Daniela
Published: July 2018

As defined by http://www.lowvision.org, “low vision is a bilateral impairment to vision that significantly impairs the functioning of the patient and cannot be adequately corrected with medical, surgical, therapy, conventional eyewear or contact lenses”. The device is a keyboard that can be connected to any computer, phone or tablet via cable or Bluetooth. The keyboard will have eight buttons, two of them are predefined, and the other 6 form the Braille language cell.
Internet of things and machine parts laboratory
Authors: Ioan Țarcă Dan , Cătălin Țarcă Radu , Constantin ȚarcȚ Ioan
Published: July 2018

Internet of Things (IoT) is a relatively new approach. Due to its wide spreading and simplicity it has a various number of application, practically in every domain. This paper aims to present the way in which a classic stand can be transformed into a microprocessor-controlled system. The chosen stand is related to experimental determination of the friction coefficient and efficiency for a threaded mechanism.
Modelling and simulation of a series wound direct current motor using ANSYS
Authors: Kovács István , Sarvajcz Kornél
Published: July 2018

In this paper we will discuss the process of making the model of a series wound DC motor and performing simulation and analysis using the ANSYS products. The geometry model was done in RMXprt, and the electromagnetics simulation in MAXWELL. Using the data acquired from those analyses a thermodynamical simulation was also done on the geometric model.
Measuring drone flight-stability using computer vision
Authors: Dezső; Dávid , Sarvajcz Kornél
Published: July 2018

In this project we made an image processing software that we used to examine drone flight stability. One can read about the closed loop control of a quadcopter, the computer vision technics and the results of the test under real circumstances.
Comparison between proportional, integral, derivative controller and fuzzy logic approaches on controlling quarter car suspension system
Authors: Mehmet Karadeniz Ahmet , Ammar Alsabbagh , Dr.Geza Husi
Published: July 2018

Developing and constantly changing technologies, efforts to achieve maximum efficiency with minimum fuel consumption, as well as the development of comfort and safety systems, have become very essential topic in car manufacturing and design. Whereas comfort and security were not given a high importance in the first produced cars, they are indispensable elements of today's automobiles. Since public transportation uses road in large scale, the need for safety and repose is also increasing. Nowadays, vehicles have better security and comfort systems, which react very quickly to all kinds of loads and different cases of driving (braking, acceleration, high speed, cornering), where the tires can keep the road at its best, utilizing an advanced suspension system. In this study, a quarter-car model was fulfilled using LabVIEW (Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Engineering Workbench) software. The control of this model has been realized by applying two different controllers. PID (proportional, integral, derivative) controller which is a common and conventional control method and the Fuzzy Logic controller which is considered as an expert system that is becoming more and more widely used. In both control approaches, controlling the suspension system was achieved successfully. However; It has been determined that controlling the system using Fuzzy Logic controller gave better dynamic response than applying the PID controller for the quarter car suspension model that has been used in the direction of this study.
Study of functional parameters of a conveyor by modeling and simulation
Authors: Blaga Florin , Stanasel Iulian
Published: July 2018

The transfer systems conveyor type are an important component of the modern manufacturing systems. Designing and constructing a conveyor involves evaluating its performance for the adoption of the most effective constructive solutions. The paper shows how modelling and simulation can be used in assessing the performance of a conveyor. The studied parameters refer to the kinematic characteristics (the speed of the conveyor) and to the functional indicators of the system components (input rate, service rate).
Reverse engineering and CAD-CAM approach for manufacturing of spare parts. Case study
Authors: Stănăşel Iulian , Blaga Florin , Buidoş Traian , Crăciun Dan
Published: July 2018

Reverse engineering represents a method to retrieve information from an existing product, information which are then used for designing a new product or to reproduce it in order to make spare parts. In this paper is presented a case study on making a spare part of complex shape from a worn part. There are presented the stages of acquisition of data by scanning, the use of reverse engineering for the realization of the 3D model, the virtual manufacturing and then the machining of the workpiece CNC machine tools.
Considerations on determining the explosion risk and the areas with explosion hazard in a natural gas compressor station
Authors: Maria Gligor Alina , Petrescu Valentin
Published: July 2018

Compressor stations are important components within natural gas transportation networks. The current paper analyses some of the safety aspects involved in the operation of such facilities – on the one hand related to the explosion risk for employees working in compressor stations and on the other hand related to determining to the areas with increased explosion hazard in such a station, in order to help reducing work-related accidents and the occurrence of professional illnesses. The explosion risk is determined based on a method devised by the National Institute for Research and Development for Environmental Protection Bucharest, while the explosion hazard areas are determined and displayed with the help of the software package AutoCAD Plant 3D.
An approach of classification and parameters estimation, using neural network, for lubricant degradation diagnosis
Authors: Grebenişan Gavril , Salem Nazzal , Bogdan Sanda
Published: July 2018

This paper addresses a delicate problem, namely the diagnosis of the state of the oils in the industrial systems, namely the machine tools. Based on measurements (the data set contains over five million records), within a Machine Intelligence for Diagnosis Automation (MIDA) project funded by the National Program PN II, ERA MANUNET: NR 13081221 / 13.08.2013, several applications of MATLAB toolbars are being developed in the field of artificial intelligence, specifically using the Support Vector Machine algorithms and neural networks. The tests were carried out on several distinct situations, followed by validation and verification tests on the devices designed and developed within the project (MIDA, Monitoil).
Analysis of the tool life of coated hob milling tools for gear cutting of cylindrical gear
Authors: Sovilj-Nikić Sandra , Sovilj Bogdan , Varga Gyula , Ungureanu Nicolae , Blanuša Vladimir
Published: July 2018

The improvement of the gear cutting process by hob milling is also significant for the producers of gears as well as for the producers of hob milling tools. Due to the complexity of the process, the high values of the gears, and in particular the hob milling tool, the research of the bases for optimizing the process of gear cutting by hob milling requires significant financial resources and significant efforts of the researchers. In the modern production of gears there is a continuous demand for increasing the economy. In the gear cutting process improvements of the production equipment and materials for the cutting elements of the hob milling tools are necessary. In this paper an analysis of the tool life of coated hob milling tools for gear cutting of cylindrical gears is given. The experimental results have shown that the hob milling tools with inserted combs coated with TiAlN outperform the hob milling tools with inserted combs coated with TiN. They have higher resistance of 60.6 %.
Aspects of Human Behaviour in Negotiation Process
Authors: Săvescu Dan
Published: July 2018

Paper presents some aspects regarding negotiation human behaviour process. There are presented some ideas about entrepreneurship, negotiation being an important part of this “job”, negotiating as art, negotiation for your own advantage, barriers of negotiation, objections’ management, conclusions and references.
Innovative architectural design development: the Arcbazar creative crowdsourcing contests perspective
Authors: Bujor Adriana , Avasilcai Silvia
Published: July 2018

Growth and value creation have become the dominant preoccupations for today's managers/companies. That is why they have increasingly embraced crowdsourcing and co-creation as business practices, especially online. If most of them aim to increase their performance with the help of these practices, there have been cases where they have been approached in critical moments, when various businesses have found themselves on the verge of collapse, as is the case with Legos. If crowdsourcing is about getting the services, ideas or content needed, by asking for contributions from a large group of people and especially from an online community rather than from traditional employees or suppliers, co-creation is considered to be the strongest business strategy, at the moment, to involve consumers in co-creating products, services, and experiences with a unique value for both parties. In this paper, architectural design crowdsourcing will be presented as an alternative method to the acquisition of traditional design, which can overcome the potential deficiencies, faced by this sector of the creative industries, and may bring smaller projects in the field of architectural practices.
Education and training in Romania on occupational safety and health in the offshore industry
Authors: Ratiu Mariana , Suteu Corina , Oarga Ioan-Florin
Published: July 2018

This paper is the result of a study on the current situation in Romania regarding education and training on the occupational safety and health in the offshore industry. This study was conducted within a European project, which, among other things, has as intellectual outputs, identifying the main requirements related to learning needs and competencies and identifying the similar safety and health training courses for offshore industry at European level. Romania has transposed the European Union legislation in the area of minimum requirements for the safety and health of workers in the offshore industry and has an adequate institutional framework aligned to the Community requirements in the field. In Romania, there are no special occupations and explicit requirements for occupational safety and health specialists in the offshore industry. But, there are some training centers, which offer theoretical and practical courses regarding safety and health for those graduates or professionals who wish to pursue a professional career in the offshore industry. Also, some universities provide diplomas, courses or training related to the offshore industry.
A multi-criteria decision making approach for public lighting system selection
Authors: Cristea Maria , Adrian Tîrnovan Radu , Cristea Ciprian , Sorin Pică Constantin , Făgărășan Cristian
Published: July 2018

There are numerous and different ways to design an energy efficient street lighting system, but not always the best technical solution is the optimal economic solution as well. In this paper, we used two distinct software tools in order to obtain the optimal technical and economic solution for selecting street lighting technology. The first software used was DIALux, which is frequently applied in this field, assisting designers in choosing the most appropriate electrical installations and evaluating the technical performance of the chosen solutions. This tool determined the street lighting system variants for which there are predetermined configurations, so that the lighting parameters obtained are in accordance with the normative requirements of the lighting classes in which the roadways are included. Different ways of locating the luminaires and other parameters were changed to reach the best version that meets the qualitative requirements of the lighting technology. The second software used was the one developed by the authors, based on ELECTRE III method, which evaluated the technical solutions returned by DIALux against several criteria, taking into account the designer’s preferences and constraints. The optimal technical and economic solution was obtained after ranking the variants by their performance at each criterion. The simulation experiment and the results returned suggested that the combination of the two software tools is comprehensive and effective and it can be used in this type of decisions at large scale.
Design of intelligent surfaces for energy intensive processing industry
Authors: Smith Jeremy R. , Leveneur Jérôme , Kennedy John V.
Published: July 2018

There are three different factors that can affect adhesion: the process fluid, the processing conditions and the surface of the processing equipment. Of these three factors, the surface properties of the processing equipment are the factor that offers the greatest opportunity for manipulation. The two key surface properties that have been identified to reduce adhesion are the surface energy and the surface topography. The surface energy of a material determines its degree of wettability and, a surface's affinity for water. In previous studies the surface energy of materials have been leveraged in order to create a surface with reduced levels of fouling through surface modification or the addition of polymer coatings with varying degrees of hydrophobicity. In addition, the topography of surfaces has been modified to reduce the level of particle adhesion. These modifications involve creating either a structured or random porous microstructure on the surface. Additional methods identified to reduce fouling include the application of liquid infused porous surfaces at low shear conditions and the use of non-contact heating through techniques such as microwave processing.
Generalized optimizations of two-stage forging of micro/meso copper fastener
Authors: Lin Shih-Hsien , Chai Un-Chin , Tzou Gow-Yi , Chen Dyi-Cheng
Published: July 2018

Three are generalized simulation optimizations considering the forging force, the die stress, and the dual-goals in two-stage forging of micro/meso copper fastener. Constant shear friction between the dies and workpiece is assumed to perform multi-stage cold forging forming simulation analysis, and the Taguchi method with the finite element simulation has been used for mold-and-dies parameters design simulation optimizations considering the forging force, die stress, and dual-goals. The die stress optimization is used to explore the effects on effective stress, effective strain, velocity field, die stress, forging force, and shape of product. The influence rank to forging process of micro/meso copper fastener for three optimizations can be determined, and the optimal parameters assembly consider die stress can be obtained in this study. It is noted that the punch design innovation can reduce the forging force and die stress.
Characteristic research on lithium iron phosphate battery of power type
Authors: Tseng Yen-Ming , Huang Hsi-Shan , Chen Li-Shan , Tsai Jsung-Ta
Published: July 2018

In this paper, it is the research topic focus on the electrical characteristics analysis of lithium phosphate iron (LiFePO4) batteries pack of power type. LiFePO4 battery of power type has performance advantages such as high capacity, lower toxicity and pollution, operation at high temperature environment and many cycling times in charging and discharge and so on. The charging and discharging characteristics for LiFePO4 batteries of power type pack have been verified and discussed by the actual experiment. Base on the 12V10AH LiFePO4 battery was proceeding on charging and discharging test with over high current value and which investigate the parameters such as the internal resistance, the related charge and discharge characteristics of LiFePO4 battery pack, the actual value of internal voltage and internal resistance of the battery pack and by polynomial mathmatic model to approach the accury of inner resistance on discharging mode.
Study on micro nosing process assisted by ultrasonic vibration
Authors: Chang Chao-Cheng , Huang Sin-Siang
Published: July 2018

This study used experiments to investigate the effect of ultrasonic vibration on the micro nosing process of copper cup. The billets with 1 mm diameter and length were backwards extruded to form the cups with 0.1 mm wall thickness and 1.8 mm height. The cups were then used in micro nosing processes. A forming system with the ultrasonic vibration has been developed and installed on a precision press to conduct the experiments. An optical fibre sensor and a precession load cell were equipped on the ram of the press in order to accurately measure the load and stroke of the process. Two forming conditions with and without ultrasonic vibrations of 20 kHz were considered in this study. The results show that the ultrasonic vibration can improve the materials flow which leads to an even diameter along the shrunk region of the nosed cup. Moreover, the ultrasonic vibration greatly reduces the load in the micro nosing process of the copper cup.
Design and development of an automatic gas poisoning prevention and ventilation system
Authors: Cheng Ho-Chih , Chiu Min-Chie , Chiu Che-Min , Yang Cheng-Ying
Published: July 2018

As both carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) exit during a fire, they are obvious indicators for the need to be alert to the possibility of fire. Another problem concerning poisoning by carbon monoxide (CO) is asphyxiation that occurs in houses during winter. The development of an automatic gas poisoning prevention system in conjunction with a ventilation function using carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide sensors would prove beneficial, necessary. As presented here, this system includes two gas sensors, an alarm, a ventilation device, a motor, and a rain-protection louver. The louver is manipulated by a motor. Two thresholds of gas concentration are preset inside the microcontroller via a PC. The louver is opened by the motor as the first threshold of gas is reached. Additionally, an alarm system is triggered and the ventilation fan starts up if the second threshold of gas concentration is reached. Consequently, image-monitoring via the PC is established using an IPCAM.
Vibration modes and sound characteristic analysis for different sizes of singing bowls
Authors: Wang Bor-Tsuen , Tsai Chun-Lang , Wu Ying-Hui
Published: July 2018

The singing bowl is used not only for the instrument of Buddhism but also for musical therapy. This work aims to investigate the correlation of vibration modes and percussion sound for singing bowls. A typical singing bowl is first selected to perform finite element analysis (FEA) for theoretical modal analysis (TMA) as well as experimental modal analysis (EMA). Modal parameters of singing bowl, including natural frequencies and mode shapes, can be obtained from analysis and experiment, respectively. Singing bowl FE model can then be updated and verified by adjusting material properties and used to predict structural vibration modes. The percussion sound of singing bowl is also measured to obtain its sound spectrum. The peak frequency response of singing bowl sound can be interpreted and contributed from circular vibration modes of the bowl. With the knowledge of sound generation mechanism for the singing bowl, this work also studies the percussion sound characteristics of seven different sizes of singing bowls. Results show the fundamental frequency and overtone frequencies of singing bowl percussion sound are higher for the smaller size. Interestingly, that the peak resonant frequencies have near the integer ratio relationship makes the singing bowl revealing harmony sound effects. The radiated sound spectrum can be well calibrated and predicted for different sizes of singing bowls. This work shows the analytical and experimental approaches in studying the singing bowl percussion sound that strongly correlated to structural vibration modes and can be adopted for future development of singing bowls.