bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Media Marketing and Sustainability of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) During COVID-19 Pandemic: Case Study of Gucheez, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Mu'tamar Mohammad Fuad Fauzul , Ulya Millatul , Burhan Burhan , Kurniawan Fajar
Published: June 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic harms the countries' economies, particularly in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). To stay in business, they must be able to adapt to digital technology. Traditional product marketing must transform into digital marketing, including social media marketing. This research aims to examine social media marketing and its impact on the sustainability of SMEs. This study employs a qualitative descriptive research design. This study reveals that SMEs must be able to use social media marketing to maintain their sustainability. In challenging situations, SMEs become more creative and innovative to adapt to the digital technology era. The company remains sustainable, and the company's financial condition has improved as a result of the implementation of social media marketing.
Revenue Cost Ratio and Value-Added Household Industry Robusta Powder Coffee Company
Authors: Fudjaja Letty , Viantika Ni Made , Ridwan Muhammad , Saad Andi Rifdah Rosyadah , Riwu Mahyuddin
Published: June 2023

Coffee is one of the promising agricultural commodities. Sound processing and advanced processing will provide added value and increase income. CV. Berkat Asia is a household-scale ground coffee industry located in Sinjai Borong District. They process robusta coffee from local farmers to packaged ground coffee. This study aims to analyze the added value of income in CV. Berkat Asia. This research was conducted in January 2022 by applying case study research. The data were then analyzed using income and value-added analysis using the Hayami method. The results showed that the daily income for processing ground coffee was IDR. 10.3 million . The annual income is IDR. 2.4 billion. The added value generated is IDR. 12 thousand/kg with a value-added ratio of 30.23%. The industrial value added is classified as a medium ratio because the added value is above 15%, with daily and annual R/C ratios of 1.34 and 1.32, respectively.
Evaluation of PIAT UGM Herbal Drink: SWOT Analysis
Authors: Perwitasari Hani , Rohmah Fatkhiyah , Andriyani Triya , Pramudita Anggun
Published: June 2023

Herbal drinks provide very promising business potential as people become more aware of the benefits of living a back-to-nature lifestyle. This trend is also an opportunity for processed herbal drink products made by PIAT UGM, such as Rosegar, Gilegrass, and Segar Ayu. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the development of these three products using descriptive analysis based on primary data. The data was gathered from five PIAT UGM employees and ten customers and analyzed with a SWOT analysis. The results of this study revealed that the priority development strategy that can be applied is the Strengths-Threats strategy, through strengthening the branding of high-quality products, tested flavors, and BPOM-registered. In addition, PIAT needs to optimize product promotions through social media and scheduled basis to penetrate various groups, make products as official merchandise for UGM, and collaborate with gift shops and travel agents in the Special Region of Yogyakarta.
Food Security Analysis of Melon Farmer Households During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Tuban Regency
Authors: Hanani Nuhfil , Asterina Rika , Sari Siti Nur Komala , Fahriyah Fahriyah , Nugroho Condro Puspo
Published: June 2023

The impact of the coronavirus entering Indonesia is felt by various parties, including farmer households. In addition to the obligation of farmers to supply food for the entire community, they are also pressured to pay attention to the nutritional intake of their households. High-nutrition food is needed during the COVID-19 pandemic to maintain immunity, but it is difficult to fulfill during the pandemic due to the increasing prices of food. If production and sales of agricultural products decrease, the ability of households to consume food that is suitable in quantity and quality will also decrease. However, the agricultural sector in Indonesia shows positive growth. This study aimed to determine the household food security of melon farmers based on 1) food quantity, from EAR and PAR results, and 2) food quality, from Desirable Dietary Pattern scores. Determination of the research location purposively. Food consumption data were obtained from food recall. The results of the analysis based on the quantity aspect showed that the average actual energy consumption was 1,854.78 kcal/capita/day (88.3%), while protein consumption was 68.47 grams/capita/day (120.1%). The results of the analysis of the quality of food consumption are 81.5, it can be seen that the household food consumption of melon farmers from the aspect of quantity and quality has not been achieved.
Australian Salt Import Policy in Indonesia: An Analysis of Public Policy
Authors: Hardinandar Fajrin , Firmansyah Firmansyah
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine how economic variables such as the Import of Australian Salt, Domestic Salt Consumption, Domestic Salt Production, GDP Industrial Sector consisting of textile, leather, and pharmaceutical Industry, Cost Insurance Freight (CIF), Australian Dollar Exchange Rate, and non-economic variables respond to the enactment of Government Regulation Number 9 of 2018. The method used is the Feasible Generalized Least Square (FGLS) by observing the dynamic relationship between independent and dependent variables in quarterly data from 2010 to 2021. The results show that Australia's salt imports are smaller than before the enactment of PP No. 9 of 2018. Second, public policy choices in international trade politics for the case of salt imports still prioritize economic benefits (economic scale). Third, the test results show that even though the CIF of imported salt increases, it is inelastic to a decrease in demand. Lastly, the study states that if domestic demand for salt increases with the assumption that national salt production increases, Australian salt imports can be reduced. Our short suggestions are first, the government needs to invest in physical and human technology to reform salt production technology.
Pengembangan Pantai Sembilan Sumenep Berbasis Partisipasi Masyarakat
Authors: Sadik Jakfar , Wijanarko Andri
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan menyusun strategi pengembangan wisata Pantai Sembilan di Kabupaten Sumenep yang berbasis partisipasi masyarakat melalui metode Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). Gambaran kondisi saat ini (Performance) dan Tingkat Kepentingan/Kebutuhan stakeholder (Importance) wisata Pantai Sembilan yang mencakup: pembentu daya Tarik wisata, ketersediaan prasarana wisata, ketersediaan sarana wisata, partisipasi masyarakat, kelembagaan, kesempatan investasi, kualitas lingkungan, perlindungan sumberdaya, kebijakan, dan pemasaran Kata Kunci: Pantai Sembilan, pariwisata, partisipasi masyarakat
ABSTRACT
Authors: Aprilida Vivi Lia , Utomo Selamet Joko
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah keberadaan Dana Desa yang diterima desa mampu mewujudkan kemandirian desa dengan pengelolaan penggunaan yang memperhatikan prinsip-prinsip pengelolaan anggaran yaitu prinsip partisipatif, prinsip akuntabilitas, dan prinsip transparansi. . Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode analisis domain. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan studi kepustakaan dan studi lapangan. Fokus penelitian meliputi peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur tentang Dana Desa, Pokok-pokok Pengelolaan Anggaran dan Kemandirian Desa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang menggunakan dasar peraturan dan prinsip pengelolaan yang berlaku, wawancara dan dokumen RPJMDes. Pengelolaan Dana Desa sebagian besar sesuai dengan prinsip pengelolaan, namun di desa Salen ini belum bisa disebut desa Mandiri. Kata kunci : Dana desa, partisipatif, akuntabel, transparansi dan kemandirian          desa.
Analisis PDRB, Ekspor, PMA, Tenaga Kerja Di Jawa Tengah (Metode VECM)
Authors: Setiyoningsih Diah Restu
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara PDRB, ekspor, PMA serta tenaga kerja yang ada pada Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan data time series atau runtun waktu. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa data sekunder yang didapat dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Jawa Tengah dari tahun 1990-2020. Penelitian menggunakan metode VAR dengan model vector error corretion model (VECM). Dalam hasil penelitian ini pada jangka panjang bahwa variabel ekspor, PMA, tenaga kerja berpengaruh terhadap PDRB. Sedangkan pada jangka pendek ekspor berpengaruh pada PDRB dan juga tenaga kerja, selanjutnya tenaga kerja berpengaruh terhadap PDRB. Kata Kunci: PDRB, Ekspor, PMA, Tenaga Kerja
Optimalisasi Pajak Menggunakan Pendekatan Kurva Laffer untuk Indonesia
Authors: Dewi Cahya , Rahayuningsih Eni Sri
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun perencanaan penguatan usaha mikro batik di desa tanjung bumi kecamatan tanjung bumi kabupaten bangkalan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif.  Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan observasi, wawancara, kuisioner dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats). Hasil penelitian menunjunkan bahwa kondisi usaha mikro batik di Kecamatan Tanjung Bumi mempunyai 6 aspek kekuatan, 6 aspek kelemahan, 6 aspek peluang, 7 aspek kelemahan. Terdapat beberapa strategi yang relevan dengan kondisi sekarang. Adapun alternatif strategi yang dapat digunakan untuk menyusun Perencanaan Penguatan Usaha Mikro Batik di Kecamatan Tanjung Bumi Kabupaten Bangkalan selama pandemi antara lain Memanfaatkan pasar sebagai tempat distribusi, promosi batik secara langsung, Memanfaatkan media sosial (whatsapp, instagram, facebook, twitter) untuk memasarkan batik secara online, Memanfaatkan dukungan pemerintah dalam bentuk pelatihan pemasaran online secara rutin, Pengrajin berpartisipasi dalam pameran untuk mempromosikan batik dengan tujuan meningkatkan penjualan dan memperluas pangsa pasar, Memanfaatkan dukungan pemerintah dalam bentuk pelatihan untuk mengembangkan SDM pembatik, Menjalin kerjasama antara pengusaha batik dengan supplier bahan baku pembuatan batik untuk memperoleh bahan baku yang berkualitas dan mengantisipasi kenaikan bahan baku, Memanfaatkan dukungan pemerintah dalam bentuk pelatihan untuk memahami pembuatan pembukuan agar dapat mengelola keuangan dengan baik. Kata Kunci: Perencanaan, Usaha Mikro Batik, Analisis SWOT
Peran BUMDes Terhadap Pengelolaan Wisata Mangrove Kedatim Kabupaten Sumenep Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Perekonomian Lokal
Authors: Khairani Widya , Yulistiyono Herry
Published: June 2023

Wisata Mangrove Kedatim merupakan salah satu wisata di desa Kebun Dadap Timur, Kabupaten Sumenep yang dikelola oleh BUMDes, dirintis sejak 2018 dan dibuka pada tahun 2021. Wisata Mangrove Kedatim berhasil menduduki peringkat 3 dari 1.407 desa wisata dalam lomba Promosi Desa Wisata Nusantara tahap 1 oleh Kementerian Desa Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal dan Transmigrasi (Kemendes PDTT) yang terdaftar dalam aplikasi Desa Wisata Nusantara. Hal ini dikarenakan Wisata Mangrove Kedatim telah menunjukkan sinergitas pelestarian lingkungan alamiah dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi desa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) Pasopati dalam pengelolaan wisata mangrove kedatim sebagai upaya meningkatkan perekonomian lokal dan dampak dari adanya Wisata Mangrove Kedatim terhadap masyarakat unuk meningkatkan perekonomian. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan penelitian, BUMDes telah berperan dengan baik sebagai fasilitator, mediator dan motivator dalam pengelolaan Wisata Mangrove Kedatim. Sehingga berdampak positif dan bermanfaat terhadap perekonomian yang dirasakan oleh masyarakat lokal Desa Kebun Dadap Timur, maupun pada pendapatan asli desanya. Disisi lain, pemerintah diharapkan lebih gencar dalam membantu BUMDes untuk memberikan dukungan berupa penyuluhan terhadap masyarakat akan pentingnya mangrove dan potensi yang dimiliki mangrove bagi perekonomian mereka.Kata kunci: Peran BUMDes, Ekowisata Mangrove, Perekonomian Lokal
Application of Halal Tourism Village Development Based on BUMDESA in East Java: Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) Approach
Authors: Haryanto Nova , Muhtadi Ridan , Fudholi Moh.
Published: June 2023

This study aims to analyze the problems that occur in the development of halal tourism villages based on Village Owned Enterprises (BUMDesa) and see the priority problems and the most important solutions for developing halal tourism villages in East Java. The data was taken based on the results of questionnaires and in-depth interviews from nine experts consisting of three categories, namely, academics, practitioners and regulators. The method used is the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) approach, and the data processing is done using software DDSS v.01. The results of this study indicate that based on the results of the study of literature studies and expert validation that the problems of developing a halal tourism village consist of regulatory issues, human resources, infrastructure, village conditions and government. Based on the results of the processed data, it shows that the most important priority problems in the development of halal tourism villages are village conditions, regulations, infrastructure, human resources and the government.Keywords: Halal Tourism Village, BUMDesa, Interpretive Structural Modeling
Digitalization of the Economy and the Cultural Impact of Consumption in Modern Society: A Review from Al-Syaibanī’s Perspective
Authors: Syamsuri Syamsuri , Farizi Maulana , Khotimah Husnul
Published: June 2023

This study investigated the role of economic digitalization in increasing consumerism in modern society. Consumption issues have arisen along with the prevalence of digital advancement. Despite this trend, modern society continues to impose consumption limits based on one's income or possessions. Thus, this research will answer the consumption issues under the Islamic view according to Imam Al-Syaibani. This study is a descriptive-explanatory qualitative approach to examine consumerism in the context of economic digitalization. To that end, researchers conducted a review of relevant written materials to elucidate contemporary society's consumption issues, which stem from the current trend of digital economy sophistication. The study findings indicate that the prevalence of the digital economy in modern society engenders consumption patterns that impede social welfare, owing to its promotional services, support systems, and lenient credit policies. This is contrary to Islamic principles, as the consumption aspect is based on the benefit of maqashid Al-syariah. Imam Al-Syaibani is one of the economic leaders who has spoken about consumption. Al-Kasb Book discusses the hierarchy of consumption namely Fardl ‘āyn, Mandūb, and Mūba. To reflect, it is possible to address the social problem in modern society using the concept presented.
Pengembangan Soal Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum (AKM) Pada Materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel (SPLDV) dengan Media Live Worksheet
Authors: Ningsih Puji Rahayu , Dellia Prita , Risnasari Medika , Cahyani Laili , Rikanawati Rikanawati , Albian Ray
Published: June 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menghasilkan soal Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum (AKM) pada materi sistem persamaan linear dua variabel (SPLDV) dengan media live worksheet yang layak digunakan. Metode penelitian menggunakan Research and Development dengan menggunakan model formative research yang memiliki dua tahapan yaitu: 1) tahap preminary dan 2) tahap formative evaluation yang dimulai dari tahap self-evaluation, expert review, one to one, small group dan field test. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII UPTD SMP 3 Kamal tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Instrumen soal AKM yang dikembangkan terdiri dari 4 soal berupa pilihan ganda komplek, 2 soal berupa pilihan ganda, 2 soal esai, 1 soal menjodohkan, dan 1 isian pendek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) berdasarkan uji validitas soal AKM pada tahap expert review didapatkan hasil tingkat kevalidan dari ahli materi 80% yang artinya “sangat valid”, dan tingkat kevalidan dari ahli kontruksi 95% yang artinya “sangat valid”. (2) Berdasarkan angket respon siswa pada tahap small group memperoleh persentase kepraktisan sebesar 79% yang artinya “sangat praktis”, serta; (3) Pada tahap field test diperoleh analisis butir soal hasil uji validitas soal bahwa terdapat 9 soal valid dan 1 soal tidak valid. Kemudian hasil uji reliabilitas soal AKM, diperoleh hasil sebesar 0,784 yang artinya memiliki reliabilitas “tinggi”. Sedangkan untuk taraf kesukaran terdapat 6 soal kategori mudah dan 4 soal kategori sedang.  Serta pada daya pembeda, diperoleh 7 soal “cukup”, 2 soal “jelek” dan 1 soal “baik”. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan 9 dari 10 soal Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum (AKM) yang dikembangkan layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran.
Penerapan Teknologi Multimedia sebagai Sarana Inovasi Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran untuk Guru Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Astuti Arin Yuli , Sugianti Sugianti , Abdurozzaq Ismail
Published: June 2023

Teknologi saat ini sudah berkembang begitu pesat, terutama untuk dunia pendidikan. Dimasa pandemi banyak metode pembelajaran yang digunakan untuk membuat inovasi pembelajaran. Tidak sedikit dari tenaga pendidik yang melakukan hal-hal baru agar disaat siswa belajar dari rumah mereka tetap semangat dalam menuntut ilmu. Guru pendidikan anak usia dini memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam membentuk karakter anak mulai dari usia dini. Dari kasus yang ada tersebut maka ketika pembelajaran dilaksanakan secara daring, guru sudah membekali anak materi dan penjelasan untuk dapat dipelajari dirumah masing-masing. Untuk dapat membuat materi yang lebih ivofatif dalam bidang teknologi maka guru perlu melakukan sebuah pelatihan ketrampilan dibidang teknologi seperti halnya membuat aplikasi game, video, animasi dan aplikasi pembelajaran yang mana anak lebih tertarik saat mereka belajar dirumah masing-masing. Disini tim dosen Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo melakukan sebuah penelitian yang mana akan membuatkan buku panduan dan tutorial membuat aplikasi pembelajaran berbasis teknologi sebagai inovasi dalam belajar anak.
Analisis Implementasi Teknologi Pembelajaran di Bebas UMPO
Authors: Nimasari Elok Putri , Cobantoro Adi Fajaryanto , Andika Sony Dwiki , Setyawan Moh. Bhanu
Published: June 2023

Kemajuan ICT (Information Communication and Technology) telah memberi pengaruh besar dalam aspek pendidikan. Salah satu pemanfaatan ICT dalam bidang pendidikan era digital adalah e-learning. Pada hasil penelitian sebelumnya, e-learning memiliki banyak kemudahan dalam proses pembelajaran, dianalisis dari perspektif mahasiswa dan dosen. Moodle merupakan platform e-learning yang paling populer karena memiliki banyak fitur yang memudahkan pengguna dalam mengakses pembelajaran jarak jauh. Pada salah satu universitas swasta di kota Ponorogo, Indonesia, platform e-learning Moodle telah dimodifikasi dan dikembangkan sesuai dengan kebutuhan berbasis kurikulum perguruan tinggi bernama BEBAS UMPO. Platform ini telah mewadahi keseluruhan mata kuliah dan kelas sertifikasi online untuk mahasiswa selama 3 tahun terakhir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemandirian belajar mahasiswa dalam implementasi teknologi pembelajaran di BEBAS UMPO, khususnya pada program sertifikasi Bahasa Inggris online (STAcEP). Metode mix methods digunakan sebagai metodologi penelitian dengan 3 instrumen penelitian yaitu wawancara, angket, dan observasi. Instrumen wawancara dan observasi divalidasi melalui studi pustaka, sementara angket diuji melalui uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kemandirian belajar mahasiswa dalam kelas e-learning STAcEP tergolong dalam kategori “baik” dengan hasil kriteria peniliaian di interval 70%. Hasil ini didukung oleh hasil wawancara dan observasi yang mendalam. Penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan dapat memperluas sampel yang diteliti tidak hanya satu fakultas saja agar data yang diperoleh hasil yang lebih valid dan dapat digeneralisir. Selain itu, fokus penelitian bisa diperluas dalam aspek usability dan user experience.
Model Pembelajaran Numbered Head Together Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Diana Luluk Mauli , Arif Muchamad , Stefany Evy Maya , Aini Nuru
Published: June 2023

Dalam proses pembelajaran, model pembelajaran mengacu pada kerangka atau pendekatan sistematis yang digunakan untuk menyusun pengalaman belajar siswa. Ini mencakup metode, strategi, dan teknik yang dirancang untuk memfasilitasi pembelajaran dan mencapai tujuan pembelajaran yang diinginkan. Model pembelajaran Numbered Heads Together (NHT) merupakan model pembelajaran yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa melalui kerjasama dan partisipasi aktif dalam kelompok kecil untuk mencapai pemahaman terhadap mata pelajaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mendokumentasikan artikel dengan penelitian yang sama. 20 majalah nasional yang diindeks oleh Google Scholar digunakan untuk artikel tersebut. Teknik penyajian data menggunakan tabel yang berisi daftar artikel publikasi ilmiah yang dianalisis sebagai hasil penelitian. Berdasarkan penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran Numbered Heads Together dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar.
AI Grid Design for Fast Reservoir Simulation
Authors: Nghiem Long , Dang Cuong , Nguyen Ngoc , Yang Chaodong , Luo Jia
Published: June 2023

Reservoir simulators based on physics provide the most accurate method for predicting oil and gas recovery, in particular from waterflood and EOR processes. However, detailed full-field simulation can be computationally demanding. In recent years, there have been attempts in accelerating reservoir simulation by combining simplification of the gridding requirement with data-driven approaches while maintaining the full physics. One such approach is the physics-based data-driven flow network model where 1D or 2D grids connecting the wells are configured and simulated. The parameters of the flow network model are then tuned to match full 3D simulation or field-data. Even though the grid has been simplified, a large number of parameters are needed to reproduce the 3D simulation results.

In this paper, an approach similar to the flow network model is presented. The main contribution of this paper is the parameterization of the gridding process between the wells such that a minimal number of parameters are needed. Essentially, the grids between the wells are configured to model accurately the flow behavior. The corner-point grid geometry is kept so that current simulators could be used with the proposed method. In this paper, the grid geometry is determined with AI methods for one waterflood run. The grid could be used subsequently for waterflood with widely different injection/production scenarios and even for chemical flood. The ability of the approach to derive the grid from a single waterflood run is another significant contribution of this paper.
Decarbonization Will Not Come for Free: Asset-M Marginal Abatement Cost Curve
Authors: Al Kindi Osama Mohammed , Al Hinai Suleiman , Ghefeili Hilal , Al Sawafi Marwan , Abri Mohammed , Hugonet Vincent , Ghailani Taher , Dabbagh Raied
Published: June 2023

The Net Zero pathway is critical for the sustainability and life quality on Earth, yet the decarbonization efforts will not come for free. In this paper, the in-depth investigation of all the applicable decarbonization levers for Asset-M has been investigated. Worth to mention that Asset-M is the second Largest Asset for Oil production in Petroleum Development Oman (PDO), which is located to the East region of Dhofar in the South of the Sultanate of Oman. The work presented here will illustrate the decarbonization cost for the different projects from a qualitative screening point of view.

PDO as the main oil and gas producer in the Sultanate of Oman has pledged to reduce its Source 1 & 2 emissions by 50% in 2030 and to achieve net zero emissions by 2050. A mission that is not only difficult with the current available technologies but also very expensive and require a lot of funding and collaboration between the different research and governmental entities.

The first step in this decarbonization exercise was to pinpoint the sources of emissions, for Asset M these are mainly characterized in Flaring, Power consumption, Fuel gas for crude processing and other emissions associated to the infrastructure such as stationary combustion, transportation and fugitives. A benchmark exercise was conducted to understand the cost of the different technologies capable to decarbonize Asset-M based on the different sources available.

A Marginal Abatement Cost Curve (MACC) analysis was used to screen the different decarbonization levers from a comparison point of view. The analysis does illustrate options with viable commerciality yet for those options which appear noneconomical it does highlight the cost of Carbon per ton needed for the projects to fly either through government tax credit or other type of subsides.

It is clear from the MACC analysis conducted based on global benchmark data of Renewables, batteries cost, gas and oil prices and others; that the decarbonization towards net zero emission will not come for free. Billions of Dollars will have to be spent for two main good reasons:

The technology cost is still high due to the current level of maturity and scale (e.g. CCUS, Hydrogen, Renewables, batteries and more) Carbon is still not taxed in many countries and hence the attitude of the Oil and Gas industry is yet to pick up the momentum and urgency to accelerate new technologies trials which will help in unlocking more sustainable but economical solutions for decarbonization.

The information presented here will be published for the first time specially when it comes to the potential of Carbon cost escalation if net Zero emission pathway is mandated, and under any circumstance, Decarbonization will not come for Free.
Life-Cycle Production Optimization with Nonlinear Constraints Using a Least-Squares Support-Vector Regression Proxy
Authors: Almasov Azad , Onur Mustafa
Published: June 2023

In this work, we develop computationally efficient methods for deterministic production optimization under nonlinear constraints using a kernel-based machine learning method where the cost function is the net present value (NPV). We use the least-squares support-vector regression (LSSVR) to maximize the NPV function. To achieve computational efficiency, we generate a set of output values of the NPV and nonlinear constraint functions, which are field liquid production rate (FLPR) and water production rate (FWPR) in this study, by running the high-fidelity simulator for a broad set of input design variables (well controls) and then using the collection of input/output data to train LS-SVR proxy models to replace the high-fidelity simulator to compute NPV and nonlinear constraint functions during iterations of sequential quadratic programming (SQP). To obtain improved (higher) estimated optimal NPV values, we use the existing so-called iterative sampling refinement (ISR) method to update the LSSVR proxy so that the updated proxy remains predictive toward promising regions of search space during the optimization. Direct and indirect ways of constructing LSSVR-based NPVs as well as different combinations of input data, including nonlinear state constraints and/or the bottomhole pressures (BHPs) and water injection rates, are tested as feature space. The results obtained from our proposed LS-SVR-based optimization methods are compared with those obtained from our in-house StoSAG-based line-search SQP programming (LS-SQP-StoSAG) algorithm using directly a high-fidelity simulator to compute the gradients with StoSAG for the Brugge reservoir model. The results show that nonlinear constrained optimization with the LSSVR ISR with SQP is computationally an order of magnitude more efficient than LS-SQP-StoSAG. In addition, the results show that constructing NPV indirectly using the field liquid and water rates for a waterflooding problem where inputs come from LSSVR proxies of the nonlinear state constraints requires significantly fewer training samples than the method constructing NPV directly from the NPVs computed from a high-fidelity simulator. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that shows the means of efficient use of a kernel-based machine learning method based on the predictor information alone to perform efficiently life-cycle production optimization with nonlinear state constraints.
Challenges in Modeling Coupled Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical-Chemical Processes for CO2 Injection in a North Sea Hydrocarbon Chalk Reservoir
Authors: Hosseinzadehsadati Seyedbehzad , Amour Frédéric , Hajiabadi Mohammad Reza , M. Nick Hamidreza
Published: June 2023

CO2 injection in depleted oil and gas reservoirs has become increasingly important as a means of mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. This study investigates coupled multiphysics simulations of CO2 injection in chalk reservoirs to better understand the complex thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical (THMC) processes involved. Two compositional models are created: an isothermal model and a non-isothermal model. Since temperature impacts on fluid compositions have introduced errors in estimating the reservoir's compositions, we made certain simplifications on fluid compositions for the thermal model to address this issue. By using the simplified model, we simulate the temperature propagation of cold fluid into a hot reservoir to observe induced thermal stress due to temperature changes. Despite these simplifications for geomechanical modeling, the propagation of CO2 in the depleted gas reservoir was calculated without considering thermal effects, assuming that the density and viscosity of CO2 remained constant with temperature change in the coupled simulation. Our findings provide valuable insights into the THMC processes involved in CO2 injection in the depleted gas reservoir and highlight the importance of accurately modeling thermal effects to improve simulation accuracy.
Two-Step Electrochemical Au Nanoparticle Formation in Polyaniline
Authors: Zhao Bin , Becker Hans-Werner , Gutsch Sebastian
Published: June 2023

In this work, we use a two-step cyclic electrochemical process to insert Au into polyaniline (PANI). It was suggested previously that this method would lead to the formation of atomic Au clusters with a controlled number of Au atoms without providing morphological proof. In each cycle, tetrachloroaurate anions (AuCl4-) are attached on the protonated imine sites of PANI, followed by a controlled reduction using cyclic voltammetry (CV). In contrast to previous work, we demonstrate that the reduction leads to a nucleation and growth of Au nanoparticle (NP) whose density and size dispersion depend on the Au loading in PANI. Adding more deposition cycles increases the Au NP density and size. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and corresponding energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) indicate a homogeneous distribution of Au elements in the PANI matrix before CV reduction, while Au elements are aggregated and clearly localized in the NPs positions after CV reduction. We further use Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) to quantify the Au uptake in PANI. The Au distribution is verified to be initially homogeneous across the PANI layer whereas the increasing number of deposition cycles leads to a surface segregation of Au. We propose a two-step growth model based on our experimental results. Finally, we discuss the results with respect to the formation of atomic Au clusters reported previously using the same deposition method.
Characterization of microplastics and its Pollution load index in freshwater Kumaraswamy Lake of Coimbatore, India
Authors: Ephsy Davis , Raja Selvaraju
Published: June 2023

Mass production, consumption, and disposal of plastics pollute the freshwater environment. Microplastics are small plastic particles less than 5mm in diameter that enter the ecosystem as a result of the breakdown of large plastic particles or the direct release of small plastic particles by climate and human activities. This study focused on investigating the spatial, and seasonal dispersal of microplastics in the surface water of Kumaraswamy Lake, Coimbatore which is located at the Latitude of 110’00.52'' N, Longitude of 76056’42” E. In different seasons, such as summer, pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon samples were taken from the inlet, centre, and outlet. Microplastics made of linear low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, and polypropylene were found in all sampling points. From the water samples, fibre, thin, fragments, and film shapes of microplastics were identified and most of them were black, pink, blue, white, transparent, and yellow in colour. The lake's microplastic pollution load index values were less than 10, which implies the risk I category. Microplastic concentration over four seasons was 8.77 ± 0.27 particles per liter and a high distribution was observed in the outlet area (10.70 ± 0.25 particles/L). Seasonally, the highest microplastic concentration was found in the monsoon season followed by pre-monsoon, post-monsoon, and the lowest in the summer season. These results emphasize that the distribution of microplastics spatially and seasonally wise may cause harmful effects on the fauna and flora that live in lake habitats.
Combating fungal phytopathogen with human salivary antimicrobial peptide histatin 5 through a multi-target mechanism
Authors: Chadha Sonia
Published: June 2023

Blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is a major contributor to decreased crop yield and rice production globally. The use of chemical fungicides to combat crop pathogens is not only unsafe but also promotes the emergence of pathogenic variants, leading to recurrent host infections. To address plant diseases, antimicrobial peptides have emerged as a promising alternative as they are effective, safe, and biodegradable antifungal agents. This study examines the antifungal activity and mechanism of action of the human salivary peptide histatin 5 (Hst5) on M. oryzae. Hst5 causes morphogenetic defects in the fungus, including non-uniform chitin distribution on the fungal cell wall and septa, deformed hyphal branching, and cell lysis. Importantly, a pore-forming mechanism of Hst5 in M. oryzae was ruled out. Furthermore, the interaction of Hst5 with the M. oryzae genomic DNA suggests that the peptide may also influence gene expression in the blast fungus. In addition to its effects on morphogenetic defects and cell lysis, Hst5 also inhibits conidial germination, appressorium formation, and the appearance of blast lesions on rice leaves. The elucidated multi-target antifungal mechanism of Hst5 in M. oryzae provides an environmentally friendly alternative to combating blast infections in rice by preventing fungal pathogenicity. The promising antifungal characteristics of the AMP peptide may also be explored for other crop pathogens, making it a potential biofungicide for the future.
Waste plastics acts as a good growth promoter: a laboratory-based study
Authors: Mondal Naba Kumar , Singha Papiya , Sen Kamalesh , Mondal Arghadip , Debnath Priyanka , Mondal Anupam , Mishra Debojyoti
Published: June 2023

Majority of non-biodegradable waste were generated from various plastic products. Our objective was to the conversion of waste PET plastics to carbon microsphere, their characterization and their application in the field of germination of Cicer arietinum and biochemical analysis. In order to achieve the above objectives, waste PET plastics was converted to carbon microsphere through heating at 800 °C by muffle furnace followed by characterization by using SEM-EDX, XRD and FTIR. The results of SEM and XRD are revealed that PET plastic are comfortably converted to microsphere with a diameter ranges between 2-8 µm with amorphous nature and FTIR study suggested that the existence of aromatic C-H and aromatic ring along with carbonyl groups. Root morphology suggested that both root length and seminal root number gradually decrease with increasing carbon-dot dose. Biochemical results revealed that the level of proline, catalase and MDA levels significantly (p < 0.0001) increase with increasing the dose of carbon dot. Finally, it can be concluded that lower dose of carbon-dot could be beneficial for both seed germination and seedling growth, but higher dose may have adverse effect on plant community.
Exploration of Efficacy and Mechanism of 0.05% Cyclosporine Eye Drops (II) Monotherapy in Allergic Conjunctivitis-associated Dry Eye
Authors: Jiao Xiting , Qi Yuanyuan , Gao Ning , Zhang Chen , Zhao shaozhen , Yang Ruibo
Published: June 2023

Purpose
To explore the efficacy and relevant mechanism of 0.05% cyclosporine A (CsA) eye drops (II) monotherapy in patients with allergic conjunctivitis-associated dry eye (ACDE).
Methods
Prospective, randomized, controlled study. Fifty-three patients with mild-to-moderate ACDE were randomly assigned to two groups. The CsA group received 0.05% CsA eye drops (II) monotherapy four times daily. The control group received 0.1% olopatadine twice daily combined with 0.1% preservative-free artificial tears four times daily. Clinical symptoms and signs, tear total IgE, and lymphotoxin-α (LT-α) concentrations were assessed at pre- and post-treatment days 7, 30, and 60. And we further measured six tear inflammatory cytokines levels using a microsphere-based immunoassay.
Results
The CsA group showed significant improvement in symptoms (Ocular Surface Disease Index and itching scores) and signs (conjunctival hyperemia, conjunctival edema, conjunctival papillae, tear break-up time (TBUT), corneal fluorescent staining, and goblet cell density) at each follow-up period compared to pre-treatment (all P<0.050). And its improvement in itching scores (P7th<0.001, P30th=0.039, and P60th=0.031) and TBUT (P7th=0.009, P30th=0.003, and P60th=0.005) was more significant than the control group at all follow-up periods. The tear total IgE, interleukin (IL)-5, IL-6, periostin, eotaxin-3, and MMP-9 levels significantly decreased in the CsA group at day 60 after treatment (all P<0.050). And the changed values in tear total IgE were positively correlated with the change in itching scores.
Conclusions
0.05% CsA eye drops (II) monotherapy can rapidly improve the symptoms and signs, especially in ocular itching and TBUT, in patients with ACDE. And its efficacy is superior to 0.1% olopatadine combined with artificial tears. Moreover, CsA downregulates the expression levels of tear inflammatory cytokines, including tear total IgE, IL-5, IL-6, periostin, eotaxin-3, and MMP-9. Among that, the reduction in tear total IgE levels may reflect the improvement of ocular itching.
40:60: The optimal ratio between animal and plant-based proteins for health and environment
Authors: Simon Wolfram , Hijbeek Renske , Frehner Anita , Cardinaals Renee , Talsma Elise F. , Zanten Hannah Van
Published: June 2023

There is currently little agreement on the optimal ratio of animal-sourced (ASP) versus plant-sourced proteins (PSP) in sustainable human diets. We deployed a biophysical optimization model to find the optimal ASP:PSP ratio at current and recommended protein intake levels for the EU28 countries. Results show that the lowest environmental impact for both land use and greenhouse gas emissions is achieved at a recommended protein intake of 46 g protein/cap/day with an ASP:PSP ratio of 40:60 (18 g ASP/cap/day). At current protein intake (82 g protein/cap/day), the optimal ASP:PSP ratio for land use ranges evenly between 22:78 and 60:40 (18 and 49 g ASP/cap/day) while for greenhouse gas emissions the optimal ASP:PSP ratio is at 40:60 (18 g ASP/cap/day). Diets containing less than 18 g ASP/cap/day show micronutrient inadequacies, leading to increases in both land use and greenhouse gas emissions.
Medical students’ experience and learning outcomes of overseas community involvement project: a qualitative study
Authors: Nadarajan Gayathri Devi , Rasappan Kumaran , Ng Jonathan Shen You , Lim Melvin , Yoon Sungwon
Published: June 2023

Background: Medical students in Singapore engage in short term medical missions, locally known as Overseas Community Involvement Projects (OCIPs). Little is known about the learning outcomes of an OCIP and how this complements their medical education back home. Understanding this can help the medical educators structure the OCIP to optimise its learning value.
Objectives: This study aims to gain an in-depth understanding of the experiences and learning outcomes of the medical students who participated in the OCIP.
Methods: This was a qualitative study involving Singaporean students from one medical school travelling to Nepal. Data was collected from reflective journals, overall group reflections and two focus group discussions. The data was thematically analysed using the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical (ACGME) core competencies for medical professionals.
Results: The data could be classified under various themes within the six domains of the ACGME framework. The study revealed themes of: humanism, socioeconomic and cultural determinants of health under the domain of patient care, application of medical knowledge, investigating and evaluating the needs of a population and feedback to drive improvement under the domain of practice-based learning and improvement, use of non-verbal cues and communicating across language barriers under the domain of interpersonal and communication skills, healthcare systems and delivery, resourcefulness and adaptability, health equity and accessibility under the domain of systems-based practice, ethics, role-modelling, teamwork and leadership skills, interprofessional skills and resilience under the domain of professionalism. Understanding the students’ motivations, utilising reflections and following the patients’ journey facilitated attainment of these outcomes.
Conclusions: This OCIP experience translated to learning outcomes aligned with the ACGME framework. There is great potential for the experiential learning from a well-structured OCIP to help with personal and professional development and global health education.
Estimating the Mortality Rate using Statistical Variance and Reduced set of Clinical and Non-Clinical Attributes for Diagnosing Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: K Meena , A Vadivel , p Sumathy , Zamani Abu Taha , Alanazi Sultan M , Varish Naushad
Published: June 2023

It is found that, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is prevalence worldwide. Quality of Life (QoL) in terms of health became an essential measure for patients with CKD. This paper uses the real-time dataset of CKD patients collected from reputed medical dialysis unit in Chennai, India. We measure the inter and intra class variations between the clinical and non-clinical attributes. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is applied on twelve clinical (biomarkers) and eight non-clinical (comorbiditity) attributes to find salient among them. ANOVA is applied only on reduced attributes to calculate the correlation between the target variables such as mortality, age and gender. The characteristics of the attributes and its discriminating nature is evaluated using various well known classifiers such as Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbor, Support Vector Machine, Neive Bayes, Decision Tree, Random Forest and Artificial Neural Network. The performance of the classifiers are evaluated using parameters such as confusion matrix, accuracy, F-measure, precision and Recall. It is found that, the covariance of the attributes linearly separates the output space of target variables that are considered and the performance is encouraged.
tRF-27 competitively Binds to G3BPs and Activates MTORC1 to Enhance HER2 Positive Breast Cancer Trastuzumab Tolerance
Authors: He Yaozhou , Liu Yincheng , Gong Jue , Sun Chunxiao , Yan Xueqi , Duan Ningjun , Hua Yijia , Zeng Tianyu , Fu Ziyi , Yang Fan , Liang Yan , Huang Zebo , Huang Xiang , Tang Jinhai , Yin Yongmei
Published: June 2023

Breast cancer, one lethal malignant tumor, is positive for HER2 in about 20% of patients. The efficacy of current treatments is limited by primary and secondary resistance to trastuzumab. tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) have shown crucial regulatory roles in various cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the role of tRF-27 in regulating the resistance of HER2-positive breast cancer against trastuzumab.tRF-27 was highly expressed in trastuzumab-resistant cells, and its expression level could predict the resistance to trastuzumab. High expression of tRF-27 promoted the growth and proliferation of trastuzumab-exposed cells.RNA-pulldown assay and mass spectrometry were performed to identify Ras GTPase-activating protein-binding proteins 1 and 2 (G3BPs) (two proteins targeted by tRF-27); RNA-immunoprecipitation (RIP) to confirm their bindings; co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and RNA-pulldown assay to determine the binding domains between G3BPs and tRF-27.tRF-27 bound to the nuclear transport factor 2 like domain(NTF2 domain) of G3BPs through a specific sequence. tRF-27 relied on G3BPs and NTF2 domain to increase trastuzumab tolerance. tRF-27 competed with lysosomal associated membrane protein 1(LAMP1) for NTF2 domain, thereby inhibiting lysosomal localization of G3BPs and tuberous sclerosis complex(TSC). Overexpression of tRF-27 inhibited phosphorylation of TSCs and promoted the activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1(MTORC1) to enhance cell proliferation and entice the resistance of HER2-positive breast cancer against trastuzumab.
Integrating genomics and transcriptomics to identify candidate genes for high egg production in Wulong geese
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Xiao Yu , Ren Pengwei , Zhang Shuer , Liu Yang , Zhu Mingxia
Published: June 2023

Background: Wulong geese are known for their excellent egg-laying performance. However, there are considerable population differences in egg-laying performance among Wulong geese. This study combined genome-wide selection signal analysis with transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) to screen candidate genes related to high egg production in Wulong geese.
Results: A total of 132 selected genomic regions were screened using genome-wide selection signal analysis, and 130 genes related to high egg production were annotated in these regions. These selected genes were enriched for egg production-related pathways such as oocyte meiosis, estrogen signaling pathway, oxytocin signaling pathway, and progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation. Furthermore, a total of 890 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 340 up-regulated and 550 down-regulated genes, were identified by RNA-seq. Importantly, two genes — GCG and FAP — were identified both as selected genes and DEGs. A non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism was identified in an exon of FAP.
Conclusions: Based on genome-wide selection signal analysis and transcriptome data, GCG and FAPwere identified as candidate genes associated with high egg production in Wulong geese. These findings could serve as a reference for breeding Wulong geese varieties with high egg production abilities. They also provide a theoretical basis for exploring the mechanisms of reproductive regulation in poultry.