bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A single-blind, randomised controlled trial of a physical health nurse intervention to prevent weight gain and metabolic complications in first-episode psychosis: the Physical Health Assistance in Early Psychosis (PHAstER) study
Authors: O'Donoghue Brian , Mifsud Nathan , Castagnini Emily , Langstone Alison , Thompson Andrew , Killackey Eoin , McGorry Patrick
Published: November 2022

Background

Factors that contribute to the early mortality observed in psychotic disorders, specifically obesity, smoking and sedentary behaviour, occur early in the disorder.

Aims

We aimed to determine whether the integration of a physical health nurse in the care of young people with first-episode psychosis could prevent clinically significant weight gain (≥7% body weight). Secondary outcomes included rates of smoking, metabolic syndrome and sedentary behaviour.

Method

In this single-blind, randomised controlled trial, participants who had received under 4 weeks of antipsychotic medication were randomly allocated to either the intervention (addition of a physical health nurse to their care) or treatment as usual (TAU) for 12 weeks.

Results

Of the 77 participants, there were follow-up data for 86.8% (n = 33) of the intervention group and 82.1% (n = 32) of the TAU group. After 12 weeks, 27.3% of the intervention group experienced clinically significant weight gain compared with 34.4% of the TAU group (odds ratio 0.72, 95% CI 0.25–2.06, P = 0.54). After 6 months, 40.7% of the intervention group gained clinically significant weight compared with 44.1% of the TAU group (P = 0.79). There was no difference in mean change in weight between groups after 12 weeks (2.6 kg v. 2.9 kg, P = 0.87) or 6 months (3.6 kg v. 4.3 kg, P = 0.64). There were no differences in the rates of tobacco smoking cessation, prevalence of metabolic syndrome or physical activity levels.

Conclusions

This intervention failed to prevent the metabolic complications that are highly prevalent in psychotic disorders in the short to medium term, indicating that more intensive interventions are required.
Robust stimulated Raman shortcuts to adiabatic passage with deep learning
Authors: Messikh Chahrazed , Messikh Azeddine
Published: November 2022

One of the challenging tasks in quantum control is to manipulate quantum systems with high fidelity and as fast as possible. Simulated Raman shortcuts to adiabatic passage with invariant-based optimal control is an efficient technique accurately used to transfer population between two quantum states in three-level systems. This technique requires tuning parameters continuously which results in analog quantum control. However, a digital quantum controller design is of great importance in the era of digital quantum computing. Here, we use deep reinforcement learning to obtain digital Stokes and pump fields that can realize fast and accurate population transfer between states with the same parity in the three-level Λ configuration. We find that deep reinforcement learning follows exactly theshortcuts to adiabaticity (STA) based on dynamical invariant and leads to a robust population transfer against systematic errors and dephasing. This is a promising enhancement in digital quantum information processing.
Study on the Correlation and Clinical Significance of T lymphocyte Subsets, IL-6 and PCT in the Severity of Patients with Sepsis
Authors: Li Qian , Yan Wenwen , Liu Sha , Li Hui
Published: November 2022

Objective: To evaluate the correlation and clinical significance of T lymphocyte subsets, IL-6 and PCT in the severity of patients with sepsis.

Methods: One-hundred and twenty patients with sepsis admitted to Baoding No.1 Central Hospital from March 05, 2021 to March 05, 2022 were selected and divided into three groups according to the severity of the disease: the sepsis group, the severe sepsis group and the septic shock group, with 40 cases in each group. The venous blood of all patients was drawn with a sterile vacuum blood collection tube after admission to detect the levels of T lymphocyte subsets CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+, and the venous blood was collected to detect the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and procalcitonin (PCT). The three groups of patients were compared to analyze whether there were differences, and whether there was a correlation between the level of each indicator and the prognosis of patients after treatment.

Results: The levels of CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the three groups decreased with the aggravation of the disease, with a significant difference (p=0.00). The levels of IL-6 and PCT increased with the aggravation of the disease among the three groups, with statistically significant differences (IL-6, p=0.00; PCT, p=0.01). The better the patients recovered after treatment, the higher the levels of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+, and the two were positively correlated; While the lower the levels of IL-6 and PCT, the two were negatively correlated.

Conclusion: Peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets and serum IL-6, PCT are abnormally expressed in patients with sepsis, and have a close bearing on the severity of the disease, which has a certain predictive value for patients after recovery. In view of this, the above indicators are of high clinical significance.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.5711

How to cite this: Li Q, Yan W, Liu S, Li H. Study on the Correlation and Clinical Significance of T lymphocyte Subsets, IL-6 and PCT in the Severity of Patients with Sepsis. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.5711

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Effect of Hypertension on EPR effect Induced by Polymer Nanomicelles in Renal Cell Carcinoma in vitro
Authors: Cui Zhenyu , Ma Tao , Yang Wenzeng , Shuang Weibing
Published: November 2022

Objective: To investigate the effect of hypertension on the (enhanced permeability and retention, EPR) effect induced by polymer nanomicelles in renal cell carcinoma in vitro.

Methods: A total of 80 patients with renal cell carcinoma treated at the Department of Urology Surgery in the Dept. of Urology of the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from Oct. 2019 to Oct. 2020, were analyzed retrospectively. The hypertension group (experimental group) included 40 patients, and the normal blood pressure group (control group) included 40 patients. The diagnosis of renal clear cell carcinoma was confirmed by preoperative auxiliary examinations, such as ultrasonography and CT combined with postoperative pathological analysis. All patients underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. Polymer nanomicelles (loaded with prolonium iodide) were perfused into the resected kidney specimens within the specified time. The iodine enrichment of polymer nanomicelles in renal tumors was assessed by CT scanning. The peak EPR effect and the time to the peak were statistically compared between the two groups.

Results: No significant differences were found in age, sex, location of kidney disease, tumor location or tumor size between the two groups (p> 0.05). The peak () of the EPR effect in experimental group was 3.60±0.95 ug/cm3 and 3.01±0.96 ug/cm3 in control group, respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups (p< 0.05). The time to the peak of the EPR effect was 3.76±0.75 h in experimental group and 3.82±0.93 hour in control group, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found in the time to the peak of the EPR effect between the two groups (p> 0.05).

Conclusion: Hypertension has a certain effect on the EPR effect induced by polymer nanomicelles in renal cell carcinoma in vitro.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6584

How to cite this: Cui Z, Ma T, Yang W, Shuang W. Effect of Hypertension on EPR effect Induced by Polymer Nanomicelles in Renal Cell Carcinoma in vitro. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6584

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Pyrometric Monitoring of Gas-Assisted Cutting of Steel Using Fiber Laser
Authors: Dubrov A.V. , Zavalov Y.N. , Dubrov V.D.
Published: November 2022

Measurements of the temperature in zone of action of laser radiation on the molten metal have been performed. The results are reported for different speed of cutting of mild-steel plate of 3 mm-thick with high-power fiber laser; oxygen was used as an assisted gas. Researches demonstrate that fluctuations of local temperature are related to unequal radiation absorption that associates with local deformations of surface of melt. Thus noise spectrum of those fluctuations reflects turbulent surface deformation caused by gas jet and capillary waves. The standard temperature deviation does not exceed 10 K on the frequency of 7 KHz and above, and power law of spectrum of density of fluctuations of local temperature is about “-2.8” in range of capillary turbulence. Thus we can distinguish radiation pulsation due to laser cutting from other processes of radiation affection to the sample, including unwanted, degrading the quality of technological operations. The results of investigation can be useful for monitoring laser cutting process.
Observation of Thermocapillary Effect in Gas -Assisted CO2 Laser Cutting of Steel
Authors: Dubrov A.V. , Zavalov Y.N. , Dubrov V.D.
Published: November 2022

Investigations of melt’s dynamics have been performed with pyrometer in the gasjet-assisted CO2 laser cutting. Pyrometer consists of 4 sensors and local luminosity of metal melt has been measured precisely on different depth along front of cutting with long dimension resolution about 0.1 mm and with time resolution as short as 0.06 ms. The results of data processing of brightness temperature are reported for laser cutting of mild-steel plate 3 mm, 6 mm and 10 mm thick, that allows obtaining spectra of melt’s surface deformation for different values of cutting velocity and assisted gas pressure. The generation of capillary-wave turbulence following thermo-capillary effect can be observed in the locations, where intensity of radiation of CO2 laser on melt’s surface exceeds 1 MW/cm2. The R-M-S of temperature fluctuations is greater than 10 K in the range of sub-millimeter capillary waves. Thus, an additional mechanism of the anomalous absorption on the front of cutting can compensate the low absorption of the metal in case of 10.6 μm laser in comparison with the absorption of the metal in the near infrared range.
Photon Synthesis of Nanometric Films Based on Transitional Metal oxides for Multi-Parameter Sensors
Authors: Mulenko S.A. , Luches A. , Caricato A.P. , Valerini D.
Published: November 2022

The reactive pulsed laser deposition (RPLD) based on a KrF laser was used for photon synthesis of nanometric iron and chromium oxides films. RPLD allows controlling the thickness and stoichiometry of deposits with definite band gap. So RPLD was used for synthesizing nanometric iron and chromium oxides films for thermo-photo-chemical sensors. We compared sensing properties of iron and chromium oxides nanometric films deposited on <100>Si substrate by RPLD. These iron and chromium oxides films have semiconductor properties with the band gaps less than 1.0 eV. The largest photosensitivity of iron and chromium oxides films was about 44 Vc/W and 2.5 Vc/W, accordingly, for white light at power density ~ 6x10-3 W/cm2. Vc is “chemical” photo e.m.f.. Maximum value of thermo electromotive force (e.m.f.) coefficient of iron and chromium oxides films was about 1.65 mV/K and 3.5-4.5mV/K, accordingly. Iron oxides films were tested as chemical sensors: the largest sensitivity of NO molecules was at the level of 7x1012 cm-3. Our results showed that nanometric iron and chromium oxides films synthesized by UV photons can be used as up-to-date materials for multi-parameter sensors operating at moderate temperature.
Modeling of non-equilibrium effects in silicon irradiated by pulsed laser
Authors: Mazhukin A.
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we use the methods of mathematical modeling to investigate the action of laser pulse (picosecond) with a wave length of λL=0.53μm and the photon energy exceeding the band gap of silicon ħω>Eg on silicon target. The main feature of these regimes of laser irradiation is strong non-equilibrium of heating and melting processes, which is manifested in a large temperature difference between the carriers and the lattice.
Self-Q-switched Cr,Nd:ReVO4 (Re=Gd, Y) crystal lasers
Authors: Yu H. , Zhang H.
Published: November 2022

Self-Q-switched Cr,Nd:ReVO4 (Re=Gd, Y) crystallasers are demonstrated. The spectroscopic and self-Q-switched laser properties of Cr,Nd:ReVO4 arestudied. Polarized absorption spectra weremeasured at room temperature, which showed thatthe absorption bands display polarization characterand an absorption band of Cr5+ ions at 1110 nmenables the crystals to be self-Q-switched lasermaterials. The maximum pulse energy are achievedto be 1.12 μJ with Re=Gd , and the shortest pulsewidth is 85.8 ns with Re=Y. The results show thatCr,Nd:ReVO4 crystals are new potential self-Qswitchedlaser materials.
Process Developments And Applications Around The Powder In Tube Technique
Authors: Auguste J.-L. , Humbert G. , Leparmentier S. , Blondy J.-M. , Martin P.-O. , Delaizir G. , Litzkendorf D. , Grimm S. , Schuster K.
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this presentation is to give an overview of techniques available to produce original optical fibers and application dedicated. Some alternative fabrication solutions to the well-know stack and draw technique will be developed, following by the interest to join the stack and draw technique to other ones like Repusil® Technique, Rod in Tube and finally the Powder in Tube methods, first described by the Bell Lab in the seventies and up to date since some years by several groups in the world. Realization of performing optical devices such as light sources or optical sensors can be purposed by this two last original ways.
Measuring Optical Properties On Rough And Liquid Metal Surfaces
Authors: Schmid M. , Zehnder S. , Schwaller P. , Neuenschwander B. , Held M. , Hunziker U. , Zürcher J.
Published: November 2022

For understanding and optimizing laser processing of metals and alloys the optical properties, especially the absorption of the work piece in function of the temperature up to the liquid phase have to be known [1]. There are several approaches to extend the Drude-Model [2] for optical properties of metal to temperature dependence [3, 4, 5]. However, a verification of these models is difficult due to the lack of sufficient experimental data. Even though measuring optical properties with ellipsometry is well established, such measurements on metals and alloys at elevated temperatures up to the liquid state are very challenging. To collect the optical properties of different metals and alloys like Al, Ti, Ag, Cu and steel in the solid and liquid state a custom-made high-temperature ellipsometer was used. The instrument is also used to investigate the influence of curved and rough surfaces which may occur due to the heating of the samples during the ellipsometric measurements.
Enhancement of the Raman Scattering and the Third-Harmonic Generation in Silicon Nanowires
Authors: Golovan L.A. , Bunkov K.V. , Gonchar K.A. , Timoshenko V.Yu. , Osminkina L.A. , Petrov D.V. , Marshov V.S. , Sivakov V.A. , Kulmas M.N.
Published: November 2022

We studied features of Raman scattering and the third-harmonic generation in silicon nanowire (SiNW) ensembles formed by means of chemical etching of crystalline silicon (c-Si) wafers with preliminary deposited silver nanoparticles in hydrofluoric acid. The c-Si wafers of different crystallographic orientations and doping levels were used, which results in variations of the formed nanostructure size and degree of order. For the excitation at 1064 nm the ratio of Raman scattering signals for SiNWs and those for initial c-Si wafer ranges from 2 to 5, whereas for shorter wavelengths the ratio increases for more ordered arrays of SiNWs of greater diameter and decreases for less ordered SiNW structures. The TH signals in SiNW ensembles demonstrate both fall and one- or two-orders-of-magnitude rise in comparison with c-Si depending on the structure of the SiNW ensemble. The obtained results are explained by the effect of partial light localization in SiNW ensembles.
CARS diagnostics of near-critical fluid in small mesopores
Authors: Arakcheev V.G. , Bagratashvili V.N. , Morozov V.B.
Published: November 2022

Due to the high spacial resolution and theinterference nature, coherent anti-Stokes Ramanscattering (CARS) spectroscopy is well suited forthe diagnostics of composites based on transparentnanoporous hosts. In particular, the adsorption of afluid on the walls of nanopores and the formation ofa condensed phase in their volume leads to obvioustransformation of the CARS spectra. Recently wehave developed a model which describes thebehavior of molecular spectra at isothermalcompression in cylindrical nanopores. Calculationsbased on the model have shown a good agreementwith the experimental results for carbon dioxide innanoporous glass with pores of diameter of severalnanometers. Here we use the developed approach toinvestigate the phase behavior of carbon dioxide inglass nanopores at near-critical temperatures. It hasbeen experimentally shown that condensation innanopores occurs at relatively low pressures atsubcritical and even at supercritical temperatures.The analysis based on the developed model allowsto reveal some qualitative and quantitativecharacterizations of the shift of critical point.
Efficient femtosecond optical parametric amplification and wavelength conversion in silicon waveguides
Authors: Liu H. , Wang Z. , Wen J. , Huang N. , Sun Q.
Published: November 2022

Efficient  femtosecond  optical  parametric amplification and  wavelength conversion via four-wave  mixing  (FWM)  in  silicon  waveguides  are demonstrated.  In  the femtosecond  FWM  process, the spectra are greatly broadened, and it is difficult to achieve  efficient  wavelength  conversion  and parametric amplification when the pump and signal pulse widths are close to or less than 100 fs because of the spectral overlap. The spectral overlap can be suppressed  by  tailoring  the  dispersion  profiles of the  silicon  waveguides,  and  separable  spectra  are obtained  for  parametric amplification  with  200  fs pulses. On-chip parametric gain as high as 26.8 dB and idler  conversion  gain  of  25.6  dB  is  achieved with a low pump peak power over a flat bandwidth of 400 nm in a 10-mm-long dispersion engineered silicon waveguide. In addition, the impact of initial chirp  on  the  wavelength  conversion  is also investigated,  and  relative  narrower  FWM  spectra with most of the energy remain in the central peak can be obtained using appropriate initial chirp. The conversion  bandwidth  greater  than  500  nm  with peak  conversion  efficiency of  -1.6  dB  can  be obtained.
Pattern changes of cutaneous dermatoses among Iraqi women preceding and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: A. Abdullah Galawish
Published: November 2022

Background: We compared the pattern of cutaneous dermatoses among Iraqi females of all ages between 4 months preceding the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and the same months 1 year later within the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, that targeted all female patients attending an outpatient clinic for dermatology and venereology in Al-Kindy teaching hospital, Baghdad between October 2019 to the end of January 2020, and the same 4-month duration 1 year later (October 2020 to the end of January 2021) after the COVID-19 peak period had passed and there was no or partial curfew to exclude seasonal impact.

Results: A total of 2657 female-patients of all ages were enrolled in this study with 1314 females during the 4 months pre COVID-19, and 1343 females during the pandemic. The mean age of patients presented before the pandemic was 27.2±16.6 years, while the mean age of patients during the pandemic was 28.1±15.6 years with no statistically significant difference in mean ages (P >0.05). Hair loss in general with telogen effluvium specifically increased significantly. Cutaneous contagious viral infections were reduced significantly and specifically of these molluscum contagiosum and condylomata accuminata. Other forms of infections including bacterial and parasitic were also reduced while dermatophytosis was increased but not to a significant level. Acne vulgaris, rosacea, lichen planus, urticaria, pityriasis rosea, seborrheic dermatitis, and vitiligo were increased, but psoriasis, alopecia areata, other types of dermatitis, and melasma were reduced but none to a significant level.

Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in changes in the pattern of diseases presented to an out-patient clinic for dermatology and venereology. This could be either related to COVID-19 infection or stress associated with the pandemic, because of curfew, or wearing facemasks which may cause a decrease or increase in certain diseases.
Training beyond borders: A WPA pilot project for Child and Adolescent Mental Health course in Pakistan
Authors: Imran Nazish , Hamdan Qurrat Ulain , Thomson Sophie , Hermans Marc , Javed Afzal , Ng Roger
Published: November 2022

Background: The World Psychiatric Association (WPA) strives to close the gap between expertise in high income countries (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). WPA volunteering programme is a project framework wherein area specific experts from HICs volunteer to support local experts in the LMICs in training their own professionals. This paper reports on the outcome of a collaborative project on Child and Adolescent Mental Health (CAMH) training in Pakistan.

Methods: Thirty participants from twenty three different institutions across Pakistan were selected on the basis of their interest in CAMH. Two volunteers (ST and MH) met online with the Pakistani representatives (NI and QUH) to develop a programme. They also regularly met online between the sessions to evaluate adjustments in order to increase appropriateness of the offered content according to participants‘ feedback and suggestions.

Results: The pre- and post-course evaluation revealed statistically significant improvement in knowledge and skills gained in different topics covered in the course (P-value<0.001) as well as improvement in confidence in applying the theoretical knowledge of CAMH problems in their daily clinical practice (P-value<0.001)

Conclusions: The WPA volunteering programme is a valuable strategy to deliver effective and much needed training in low resource settings. Long-distance learning via live online sessions is effective and worthwhile, especially when they provide opportunities for participants to learn from interactive sessions.
Probiotics, could be functional foods?
Authors: Rogulska Karolina , Kapczuk Patrycja , Zioło Anna , Sarna Angela , Jacek Roksana , Grzeszczak Konrad
Published: November 2022

Research on functional food (FF) began in the 1980s in Japan, although the term appeared in the journal Nature in 1993. Functional foods can be natural or FF are created via the addition or removal of certain ingredients in technological processes. These treatments are aimed at obtaining food products that have health-promoting effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The best representative example of functional food is probiotic food. According to World Health Organization (WHO) probiotics are live micro-organisms that, in adequate amounts, provide health benefits to the host. This has the effect of inhibiting the pathogenic bacterium Escherichia coli and E. coli translocation in the gastrointestinal tract.. In addition, it can also influence the repair of the damaged intestinal barrier. Probiotics can also improve the host immune system via strong adherence and colonisation of the gut. This results in the secretion of cytokines and chemokines, which are involved in immune processes. More than that, probiotics have the ability to produce peptides directed against microorganisms. These include lantibiotics, bacteriolysins and peptide bacteriocins. The review presented shows that probiotics as functional foods have an important role in human health. Their intake has many benefits and their appropriate use can significantly improve the comfort of a person's life.
Malignant Melanoma of the Stomach
Authors: Bharwad Aastha , Shah Hamna , Salyers William
Published: November 2022

Malignant melanoma with metastasis to the stomach is rare and seldom diagnosed before death. The most common gastrointestinal (GI) metastatic site is the small intestine, followed by the colon, rectum and stomach. We present the case of a 55-year-old woman with a history of melanoma who presented with melena and syncope, and was found to have metastatic gastric melanoma.
The Formation of Symbiotic Potential and Yields of Soybean Depending on Elements of Growing Technology
Authors: Shevnikov Mykola , Milenko Olha , Lotysh Ihor , Shevnikov Dmytro , Kostenko Maxim
Published: November 2022

The study of the nitrogen-fixing activity of nodule bacteria of soybean plants and features of the formation of the number and mass of nodules depending on variety, sowing method and seeding rate influenced by water regime of the soil and different lighting intensity.

Methods: Field and laboratory experiments, evaluation and comparison. A series of laboratory experiments in sand culture have explored the influence of water logging and dehydration of the root system and light intensity on soybean nitrogenase activity and the release of CO2 by nodules of plants. According to the results of field research it was found that the intensity of nodule formation was increased from the phase of the third trifoliate leaf prior to flowering. At a sowing rate of 500 seeds it made from 20,0 PCs. for the variety Ustya to 27,4 in the variety of Romance. The increase in seeding rate contributed to the increase in the number of nodules to 28,1 per piece (Romance), 27,5 pieces (Ustya) and 25,5 units (Vorskla). The mass of active nodules was within 75% of the total number. Seed rate more than method of sowing influenced the amount of soybean yield. Increase the seeding rate to 800 thousand/ha of viable seeds, especially of sowing on later dates, have not contributed to a significant increase in productivity. Therefore it is most expedient to sow soybean normal line (15 cm) or in wide (45 cm) methods with a seeding rate of 700 thousand/ha of viable seeds. In the line way of sowing increasing the seeding rate contributed to the increase in the number of nodules to 28,1 per piece (Romance), 27,5 pieces (Ustya) and 25,5 units (Vorskla). In wide way of sowing these figures were less than 4,5% to 10,6%. The mass of active nodules was within 75% of the total number. It is advisable to sow soybean normal line (15 cm) or in wide (45 cm) methods with a seeding rate of 700 thousand/ha of viable seeds.
Interpreting Conciliar Christology
Authors: Fairbairn Donald
Published: November 2022

Given the interest in analytic theology circles about following “conciliar Christology,” this article describes three different patterns by which patristics scholars have interpreted the relations between the Ecumenical Councils in the past 150 years, patterns that I label as “pendulum swing,” “synthesis of emphases,” and “Cyrillian/traditional.” The article argues that whereas much analytic theology work on Christology belongs in the “synthesis of emphases” pattern, the ascendant paradigm in patristics scholarship is Cyrillian/traditional. It makes a case that the councils understood themselves as moving in a straight line of development from one to another and as proclaiming a broadly Cyrillian Christology, in which the person of the Incarnate Logos is the subject of all actions and experiences of the incarnate Christ. Given the significance of this issue for analytic theology discussions of Christ’s human freedom (is it the freedom of the human nature to act independently of the Logos, or the human freedom of the Logos to accomplish his earthly mission?), analytic theologians would do well to be aware of these currents in patristics scholarship on the Ecumenical Councils.
Isolation Enhancement using CSRR Slot in the Ground for Compact Two-Element Textile MIMO Antenna
Authors: Sharma Navneet , Kumar Anubhav , De Asok , Jain R. K.
Published: November 2022

A textile integrated, two-element, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is designed for Wi-Fi, wireless local area network (WLAN), and wearable biomedical applications. A CSRR slot and horn-shaped decoupling structure increases impedance matching and reduces the current movement from one element of antenna to another element which increases the isolation to 7.4 dB. The CSRR slot in the ground is accomplished between the elements to mitigate the surface current and enhance the isolation up to 27.4 dB. The 10-dB radiation exists from 4.65 to 5.97 GHz with more than 20-dB isolation in the full operating band where the maximum isolation is found to be 49.45 dB at 4.7 GHz. MIMO parameters are investigated in a two-element antenna, in which acceptable results are obtained. Bending analysis and phantom analysis are performed for wearable applications which demonstrate the acceptable results.
A Parasitic Hat for Microstrip Antenna Design Based on Defected Structures for Multiband Applications
Authors: Ismail Faten F. , El-Aasser Mostafa A. , Gad Nasr H.
Published: November 2022

In this article, a novel design of a quad-band parasitic hat microstrip antenna is proposed for multiband applications. The proposed antenna consists of a rectangular patch of dimensions 30 mm×11 mm cut with four L-shaped slots connected with a rectangular slot in the middle of the front side of the antenna to form a parasitic hat based upon defected microstrip structure. On the other side of the antenna, a defected ground structure is integrated as five rectangular slots embedded in the ground plane with the same width but with various lengths. The suggested antenna is designed and fabricated on a substrate material with an area of 45 × 40 mm2 with a thickness of 1.52 mm to generate four frequency bands. The proposed antenna is fed by a microstrip transmission line. The simulated radiation patterns, return losses, maximum gains, and efficiencies of the antenna are carried out by using electromagnetic simulation software based on the finite element method. The measured return loss results validate that the suggested antenna can be designed to cover the frequency ranges from (3.8464 to 4.1456) GHz for sub-7GHz 5G applications, (6.7 to 7.162) GHz for ultra-wideband applications, (9.1616 to 9.5187) GHz for maritime radio-navigation positioning systems, and (11.5421 to 16.4085) GHz for radio-navigation satellite standards. The suggested antenna is based upon defected ground structure and defected microstrip structure techniques to improve the antennaperformance.
Solar Cell Integrated Wearable Patch Antenna on Artificial Magnetic Conductor for On-Body and In-Body Communications
Authors: Naganathan Suresh Babu T. , Dhandapani Sivakumar
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a patch antenna on a jeans textile with an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) structure stacked on a solar cell for wearable applications in the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band. Meanwhile, the loading of the AMC reflector increases the radiation efficiency and antenna gain and also results in a reduction in specific absorption rate levels. As examination cases, two textile antenna designs loaded on 7 × 8 patches of AMC plane with the ground plane of both fully copper conductor and partially copper aided with solar cells were fabricated and tested, presenting a strong agreement between simulation and measurement. Its measured impedance bandwidth is 13.79% (2.16 GHz–2.48 GHz) with good return loss and voltage standing wave ratio features in the operating band where it is being used. Besides being a source of electricity, the silicon solar cells are also used as a radio frequency ground plane for the AMC plane. They can produce363.08 mW.
Multi-Mode Excitation by Interleaved EBG Structure for Suppression of Power/Ground Noise in Multi-Layer PCBs
Authors: Lin Ding-Bing , Chen Yen-Hao , Hsieh Min-Hung
Published: November 2022

Signal line transition with layer transition via is inevitable in multi-layer PCB. The return current can generate voltage noise between the cavities due to the discontinuity of the return current path. Other layer transition vias passing through the cavity can pick up the voltage noise and result in problems of signal integrity. In this paper, an electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure is proposed for suppression of the broadband cavity noise. The impedance discontinuity between layers of interleaved EBG cell enhances the efficiency of noise suppression, and the slots embedded in the EBG cell excite multi-mode resonances for extending the bandwidth of noise suppression. The dispersion diagram is utilized to preliminarily analyze the characteristic of the proposed EBG cell, and a 5×5 cells EBG board is further analyzed for characterizing the efficiency of noise suppression. Both simulation and measurement results prove the proposed structure can effectively suppress the cavity noise under −35 dB over the frequency range from 0.56 GHz to the highest measurement frequency, 20 GHz.
Rule for Mode Coupling Efficiency in Optical Waveguide Crossing
Authors: Bentouhami Billel , Kaddour Zaia D.
Published: November 2022

Crossing an optical waveguide requires a beam coupling from free space to waveguide at the entrance plane and another beam coupling from waveguide to free space at the exit plane of the waveguide. The aim of this paper is to provide a simple rule expressing the relationship between the involved numbers of free and guided modes that efficiently rebuild the field at each end of the waveguide. Using a numerical program built on Maple software, the rule was determined to be effective independently of the ratio between the beam spot size and the waveguide radius.
Pseudospectral Approach to the Shape Optimization of Beams Under Buckling Constraints
Authors: Abdalla Hassan Mohamed Abdelalim
Published: November 2022

In this article, a direct transcription approach to the minimization of the volume of elastic straight beams undergoing plane deformation and subject to buckling loads is presented. In particular, the so-called pseudospectral method is employed, where state variables are approximated by Lagrange interpolating polynomials and static equations are collocated at Legendre-Gauss-Radau nonuniform mesh points. The resulting shape optimization problems are thus transcribed into constrained nonlinear programming problems, which in turn are solved by developed routines. Historical benchmark and academic problems such as simply supported beams subject to a concentrated compressing force, compressed and rotating cantilever beams and simply supported beams under a non-conservative follower distributed load are revisited and numerically solved under the conditions of plane deformation theory. Numerical solutions are discussed and compared to those obtained by the shooting method, which is largely employed for these problems, emphasizing how the proposed method could forecast optimal cross sectional area distributions within a unified fashion and without resorting to accurate guesses beforehand.
Grape supply chain: Vertical coordination in Ningxia, China
Authors: Li Shuo , Bitsch Linda , Hanf Jon
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Li S, Bitsch L, Hanf JH. 2021. Grape supply chain: Vertical coordination in Ningxia, China. Asian J Agric 5: 12-21. Since 2018, China has been the second-largest grape-growing country in the world, with 875 thousand hectares in total. A former study indicated a transformation within the wine grape supply chain management in the Chinese wine market, from traditional coordination to significant vertical integration. The Ningxia Helan Mountain’s Eastern Foothill wine region (China) is considered to be the best wine region in China and has potential to lead domestic wine production. This study summarizes the typology of grape supply models in the Ningxia wine industry.  We also examine influencing factors for the arrangements of current vertical coordination models of grape materials supply, particularly the hybrid organizations and contractual relationships are analyzed.
Growth performance of novel food based on mixture of boiled-dried granulated Tenebrio molitor larvae and date-fruit waste in broiler chicken farming
Authors: Debache Karim
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Debache K. 2021. Growth performance of novel food based on mixture of boiled-dried granulated Tenebrio molitor larvae and date-fruit waste in broiler chicken farming. Asian J Agric 5: 22-28. The present study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance of a new diet based on mixture of boiled-dried granulated Tenebrio molitor larvae (Tm) and date-fruit waste (Dw) in broiler chicken diet. A total of 56 two-day old broilers were randomly allotted to 4 dietary groups each with 2 replicates consisting of 7 broilers (C1, C2, Diet1 and Diet2). Equal mixture of three commercial cereal-based diets (chick starter feed, chick grower feed, and chick finisher feed) was formulated. The first control (C1) was 100% the commercial mixture. Second control (C2) is obtained by mixing 50% commercial mixture with 50% Dw. While the other groups (Diet1 and Diet2) were formulated by adding three ingredients at different proportions: 50% commercial mixture: 40% Dw: 10% Tm (Diet1) and 50% commercial mixture: 10% Dw: 40% Tm (Diet2). After the evaluation of daily body weight, clinical signs, specific growth rate and other clinical tests, the chickens were slaughtered at 60 days. Hematological, biochemical, copro-parasitological, and bacterial investigations were performed based on samples taken day 60. Weight gain of broilers fed with Diet1 was almost like broilers fed with first control (C1) diet. However, those fed with Diet2 were significantly (P<0.05) higher than all other dietary groups (C1, C2 and Diet1). Hematological and serum biochemical traits showed no dietary adverse effect, and copro-parasitological diagnosis was negative in all different dietary groups. Moreover, similar microbial communities were detected in digestive system parts of the same animal, no matter in relation to Tm inclusion or no. In conclusion, the overall results collected in this current study propose that date-fruit waste could be used as an exclusive feed for T. molitor insect rearing and dietary inclusion of mixture Dw-Tm into broilers meal could become a partial substitute for commercialized cereal-based diet without affecting the health of broilers.
Impact of corm size and phosphorous on growth and floral characteristics of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus)
Authors: HOSSAIN TARAFDER MUKTADIR , PITOL MD. NAJMUS SAYADAT , MANNAN MD. ABDUL , KHAN S.A. KAMAL UDDIN
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Hossain TM, Pitol MNS, Mannan MA, Khan SAKU. 2021. Impact of corm size and phosphorous on growth and floral characteristics of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus). Asian J Agric 5: 90-97. The present study was conducted to investigate the impact of corm size and phosphorus levels on the growth, flowering, corm and cormel production of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.). The experiment was laid out in Randomized a Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications, three corm sizes, viz. S1 (31-40 g), S2 (21-30 g), S3 (10-20 g) and four phosphorus levels, viz. P0 (Control), P1 (200 kg ha-1 Triple Super Phosphate (TSP), P2 (300 kg ha-1 TSP), P3 (400 kg ha-1 TSP). The observations were recorded for various vegetative, floral and corm parameters. Corm size had a significant impact on plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers, size of the leaf, number of spikes, spike length and number of florets. Corm size also significantly impacted all yield contributing characters and yield of corm and cormel. Large (S1) and medium-size (S2) corms were found superior to small-size (S3) corms in respect to all the parameters. At 60 days after planting (DAP), the highest plant (83.53 cm), the maximum number of leaves (10.00), the utmost number of tiller (3.00), the highest number of spike (10.00), the largest spike (87.03 cm), the maximum number of floret (13.80), the greatest number of corm and cormel (154.67), the maximum size of corm (44.16 mm) and the highest weight (2706.7 gm) of corm was obtained from the treatment combination of S1 (31-40 g) treated with P3 (400 kg ha-1) TSP under this observation. The obtained result will guide the farmers on what types of planting materials and how much fertilizer to use to cultivate gladiolus commercial successfully.
Screening of rice germplasm for blast resistance in Nigeria
Authors: GABRIEL MOWOBI GBOLAHAN , ALHASAN USMAN , MARY YEYE , MUNSUR YUSUF , OLUFUNMILAYO ALABI
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Gabriel MG, Alhasan U, Mary Y, Munsur Y, Olufunmilayo A. 2022. Screening of rice germplasm for blast resistance in Nigeria. Asian J Agric 6: 1-6. Rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae T.T. Hebert) M.E. Barr) is an important destructive disease of rice that can lead to 80% yield loss. Germplasm responds differently to blast fungus. This study aimed to screen rice germplasm for blast resistance in Nigeria. The four genotypes, namely Institute for Research in Tropical Agriculture, France (IRAT) 109, JAMILA, Federal Agriculture Research Oryza (FARO) 52, and FARO 66 were evaluated in a completely randomized design with three replications in the screen house of the Department of Crop Protection, Institute for Agricultural Research Samaru, Nigeria. Data were collected on plant height, the number of plants infected with a blast, seedling vigour, tillering ability, blast disease score, and leaf blast estimated. Analysis of variance showed a high significant difference (P ? 0.01) for seedling vigour (0.03**) and disease index (17.24**) while significant (P ? 0.05) variation was observed for a number of the leaf (3.79*). In contrast, there was no significant (P > 0.05) variation for plant height and tillering ability. The highest PCV (Phenotypic Coefficient of Variance) and GCV (Genotypic Coefficient of Variance), also broad-sense heritability was observed in leaf blast. IRAT 109 (0.6) depicted a high resistance, JAMILA moderately susceptible (Blast score 4.0) while FARO 52 (7.3) and FARO 66 (6.1) were susceptible. A significant difference among genotypes implies sufficient variation among genotype screened, suggesting that progress can be made following selection.
Assessment of pests, natural enemies and soil microorganisms in lowland rice field under organic and inorganic production systems
Authors: DELA PEÑA W.B. , RATILLA B.C.
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Dela Peña WB, Ratilla BC. 2022. Assessment of pests, natural enemies and soil microorganisms in lowland rice field under organic and inorganic production systems. Asian J Agric 6: 40-46. Farmers readily use synthetic pesticides over organic and natural pest management strategies in controlling pests that may disrupt the ecological balance. This study was conducted to assess the population of insect pests, natural enemies, and soil microorganisms associated with lowland rice PSB Rc18 grown under different production systems. A lowland area at the Department of Agronomy, Visayas State University, Visca, Baybay City, Leyte, devoted to organic rice production for four consecutive croppings, was used. Results revealed that organic farmers’ practice in Leyte (T2) showed a higher population of natural enemies, especially mirid bugs, and fewer brown planthoppers, green leafhoppers at 14-44 DAT; and the number of folded leaves observed. However, conventional farmers’ practice in Leyte (T3) had the highest incidence and severity of bacterial blight and rice blast. On the other hand, bacterial and fungal microorganisms were found associated with the soil samples. The fungal population increased in both organic production systems compared to the conventional production system. Hence, organic production systems increased the number of beneficial insects and soil microbes’ populations that may, directly and indirectly, affect pests and diseases in lowland rice.
RELATIONSHIP OF THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND HANDGRIP STRENGTH IN MILITARY FLYING MEDICAL PERSONNEL
Authors:   Laboratory of Dietetics and Obesity Treatment, Department of Psychophysiological Measurements and Human Factor Research, Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, Gaździńska Agata , Jagielski Paweł ,   Department of Nutrition and Drug Research, Faculty of Health Science, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Turczyńska Marta ,   Laboratory of Dietetics and Obesity Treatment, Department of Psychophysiological Measurements and Human Factor Research, Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, Bertrandt Jerzy ,   Faculty of Economic Sciences, John Paul II University of Applied Sciences in Biala Podlaska, Gaździński Stefan P. ,   Creative Neuroscience Lab – CNS Lab, Military Institute of Aviation Medicine
Published: November 2022

Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate the relationships between nutritional status and handgrip strength (HGS) of Polish military medical flying personnel. Methods: The study was conducted among all active members of the personnel (71 males, 13 females) in Poland. Nutritional status was assessed by anthropometric and body composition measurements. Results: Overweight was diagnosed in 47.6% and obesity in 11,9% members. Abdominal obesity was diagnosed in 38.6% of men and 23.1% of women. In women, the mean HGS of the right and the left hand, respectively, was 33.08 ± 3.57kg and 33.69 ± 2.95kg. For men, mean HGS of right and left hand were 55.79 ± 7.62kg and 54.63 ± 7.93kg, respectively. Furthermore, for men HGS was positively correlated with skeletal muscle mass (r = 0.39), lower limb length (r = 0.33) and chest circumference measured on inspiration (r = 0.33), but not on expiration. There was no significant correlation between HGS, age, and BMI. Conclusions: Our study adds to the body of evidence demonstrating an alarmingly high proportion of soldiers with diagnosed obesity. Military medical flight personnel had higher mean handgrip strength as compared to reference values in the male group and in the female group in the left hand. Handgrip strength appears to be related to skeletal muscle mass, similarly to other studies in the general population.
Folded beam path architecture for highly efficient filter-based spectral sensors
Authors: Kobylinskiy Aliaksei , Werner Lukas , Kraus Matthias , Hillmer Hartmut , Brunner Robert
Published: November 2022

This paper demonstrates a method to significantly enhance the detection efficiency of filter-based spectral sensors without the use of additional dichroic optics for spectral preselection. The fundamental principle is that light reflected from one interference filter or filter segment can be used consecutively, reducing the overall system losses. The proof-of-concept is presented using two compact optical modules. The first module uses 10 individual filters between 520 and 800 nm, and the second is capable of continuous spectrum acquisition between 450 and 825 nm using a linear variable filter (LVF) as a key element. An efficiency increase factor of up to approximately 100 compared to a common system, where the entire LVF is directly illuminated, was demonstrated.