bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toxicity Analysis of Hybrid Nanodiamond/Fe3O4 Nanoparticles on Allium cepa L
Authors: Chandra Sekhar Singh Bhaludra
Published: September 2022

Background and Objective. The study of the toxicity of hybrid nanoparticles is necessary before they are synthesized in the laboratory and used in any particular applications. The toxic behaviour of nanoparticles can cause harm for the living species on the Earth. The production of biocompatible hybrid nanoparticles is important. Hence, this study is aimed at determining that nanodiamond/Fe3O4 hybrid nanoparticles were prepared and used for the toxicity analysis on Allium cepa L. Materials and Methods. The chemicals of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, FeCl3.6H2O, FeCl2.4H2O, NaCl, and NaOH (Sigma-Aldrich chemicals, USA) were utilized in this study. A statistical analysis was performed on the results with a prevalence of

p
<
0.05

. Results. A novel ND/Fe3O4 nanocomposite material was successfully synthesized by the in-situ method and characterized by various characterization techniques. The analysis of X-ray diffraction indicated the formation of an ND/Fe3O4 nanocomposite with both participating phases. The saturation magnification of the ND/Fe3O4 nanocomposite is 13.2 emu/g, whereas for a pure Fe3O4 nanomaterial, it is 47 emu/g. The weight rates of ND and Fe3O4 existent in the nanocomposite are 28% and 72%, respectively. From the electrical conductivity analysis, ND/Fe3O4 exhibits conductivity in the order of 27 times more compared to ND. Conclusion. The result implies that the product ND/Fe3O4 has both magnetic and electrical properties. The biocompatibility of the synthesized ND/Fe3O4 material was studied based on the in-vitro method.
Digital Future of Emergency Medical Services: Envisioning and Usability of Electronic Patient Care Report System
Authors: Al Haliq Samer , Al Jumaan Mohammed
Published: September 2022

Despite the efforts of emerging technologies in the healthcare system, there is still a slower rate of acceleration in prehospital settings compared with the hospitals in digital transformation adaptation. The acknowledgment that digital transformation is significant to healthcare is reflected in planning for the future of digital healthcare. Thus, this study aimed to measure the usability of the electronic patient care report (ePCR) system among emergency medical services (EMS) staff who work in prehospital settings. A descriptive cross-sectional correlation study was used. Two hundred fifty EMS staff who are working in the prehospital setting at Saudi Red Crescent Authority in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia were surveyed, and the response rate was 79.2% (198). An adapted tool of the Computer System Usability Questionnaire survey was used to collect data. The data were coded numerically and subjected to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis including Pearson’s correlation coefficient using the statistical software (SPSS 21). The majority of the participants rate their ePCR system as “useable” at a high level with a score of 3.41 (SD = 1.021). The overall mean of the ePCR system’s three subscales: system usefulness, information quality, interface quality, and overall satisfaction were 3.39 (SD = 1.152), 3.30 (SD = 1.052), 3.57 (SD = 1.064), and 3.37 (SD = 1.239), respectively. The least liked aspect of ePCR system software was information quality 81 (40.9%). Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between the age of EMS staff and the usability of the ePCR system (r = −0.150

 
∗

,

P
=
0.035

). The results suggest that healthcare institutions’ policy and decision-makers pay close attention to performing standardized training for the staff on their ePCR system before going to the field to increase efficiency and productivity. Furthermore, the users in this study identified other system features that, if included, could have enhanced usability, and improved functions and capabilities of the design to meet the EMS staff’s expectations.
The Impact of Resource Optimization on the Economic Development of the Marine Industry
Authors: Wang Tingting , Yang Xiulian
Published: September 2022

The traditional impact analysis method for the economic development of marine industries does not consider the impact weight of different marine industries, which leads to an unsatisfactory effect on sustainable development after the optimized management of resources. Therefore, a new method is designed to solve the above problems; by analyzing the scale, hierarchical system, and optimizing the spatial resource framework of the marine industry, the influence of different marine industries is comprehensively measured, and the final demand dependency of the marine industry economy is obtained. The comprehensive index system is designed to evaluate the economic development of the marine industry, and the linear weighted sum method is used to calculate the sustainable development degree of marine industry economy in different regions. The results show that the final evaluation score of the marine biological industry in Shandong Province is 64.97, which is affected by comprehensive factors. The scores of capital and environmental governance are between 84.03 and 82.87, respectively, which are the main factors to achieve sustainable development. After the optimization of this method, the demand dependence of relevant regions is reduced, and the sustainable development level is effectively improved, indicating that the sustainable state of this method is better. The resource optimization path given by the research can be further applied to the construction process of marine and industrial economic development in other provinces and cities so as to comprehensively improve the quality and effect of marine economic growth.
Innovation and Research of Digital Artwork Design Based on Big Data and Integrated Media
Authors: Zhai Wenbin
Published: September 2022

We are in the era of big data, and art, which has developed along with human history, has been given new vehicles and forms of creation with the use of integrated media technology. This study first introduces artwork and its definition and classification, then briefly describes the definition and development of digital art, and focuses on the development, contribution, and drawbacks of digital artwork NFT (nonfunctional token). This study divided the design model into four layers based on the neural network calculation of factorization machine to build, and the data of each layer was analyzed and processed to build the FNN algorithm model. It was found that the largest proportion of NFT artworks circulating in the trading market is in paintings, at 55%. The HSV color space was selected as the color perception model, and then the picture pixel positions were determined, and redundant pixels were eliminated. To avoid data overflow, the spatial memory occupied by the pixels of the painting was calculated. The results showed that the growth of pixel space complexity was smooth and converged to a straight line, indicating that the original pixel data extracted in this experiment was stable. The circle was selected as the basic guideline for the creation of four digital art paintings with an overall uniform but innovative style.
Application of Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm in Logistics Energy-Saving Picking Information Network
Authors: Yu Xiaolu
Published: September 2022

In order to solve the logistics optimization problem, an application method of the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm in logistics energy-saving pickup information network is proposed. Firstly, a mathematical model of logistics cycle picking information scheduling optimization is established, logistics and picking paths are encoded as particles, and the optimal logistics cycle picking optimization scheme is found through the cooperation between particles. Secondly, the deficiencies of the particle swarm optimization algorithm are improved accordingly. In order to test the performance of the IPSO algorithm in solving the logistics circulation picking problem, in the simulation environment of P42 core, 2.6 GHz CPU, 4 GB memory, and Windows XP, the simulation experiment was carried out using VC++6.0 programming operating system. The particle number of the IPSO algorithm is 20,

ω

max

=
5
,

ω

max

=
1

. The experimental results show that the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm can effectively bypass the premature convergence of the traditional particle swarm optimization algorithm and ensure that the optimal solution is searched in the global scope, and the optimal probabilistic solution is obtained, which is better than other scheduling algorithms, with more obvious advantages.
Experimental Investigation of Novel Reinforced Composite Panels Made of Cold-Rolled Galvanized Sheets Filled with Foamed Concrete and Fire-Resistance Polyurethane Foam
Authors: Aala Fardad , Gholipour Yaghoub , Samadi Dana
Published: September 2022

While introducing the novel structural method, this paper compares the behavior of composite panels comprised of cold-rolled galvanized sheets infilled with the foamed concrete and the fire-resistance polyurethane foam. A series of axial and bending tests are carried out on the composite panels with mentioned fillers; also, the function of the wire mesh and surrounding cold-rolled galvanized sheets with different thicknesses and different fillers are investigated in an attempt to know the effects of mentioned sheets on the final strength. The results show that applying the fire-resistance polyurethane foam performs better in enhancing the bending and the axial strength of composite panels in comparison with the foamed concrete filler. By this combined system with foamed concrete as infilling material, the cold-rolled galvanized sheets, which endure low bending and axial tension, have been able to withstand bending and axial load around 1.92–4.08 N/mm2 and 0.98–1.074 N/mm2, respectively. In addition to the aforementioned composite system, those panels with fire-resistance polyurethane foam as infilling material, apart from the greater lightness, around 40% lighter, have been able to withstand more with approximately 50% and 10% higher bending and axial load, respectively.
Using the Laney p’ Control Chart for Monitoring COVID-19 Cases in Jordan
Authors: Arafah Mazen
Published: September 2022

In this research, we examine the use of the Laney p’ control chart and the application of test rules to assess governmental interventions throughout the COVID-19 pandemic and understand how certain activities and events that took place affected the infection rate. Data for the infection rate (IR) were collected between October 31, 2020, and March 19, 2022. The IR was calculated by dividing the number of confirmed cases by the number of PCR (polymerase chain reaction) tests performed. The IR data were subsequently plotted on the Laney p’ control charts using the Minitab software. The charts thereby allowed us to study the effects on infection rates of the government’s moves to restrict the movements and activities of the population, as well as the results of easing these restrictions. The restrictive measures proved to be effective in decreasing the infection rate, whereas relaxing these measures had the opposite effect. Typically, test signals are considered as an indication of a change in a process, although in some situations we have observed that slight changes are not accompanied by a signal. Regardless, the analysis shows cases where using test rules rapidly detected patterns and changes in IR, and allowing remedial action to be taken without delay. In this study, we use the Laney p’ control chart to monitor the COVID-19 IR and compare its performance with that of the EWMA control chart. In addition, we analyze the performance of various test rules in detecting IR changes. Comparing the Laney p’ control chart with the EWMA control chart, the data showed that in most cases, the Laney p’ control chart was able to identify the change of IR faster. Comparing the performance of different tests in detecting changes in the IR, one can see that no particular test outperformed the others in all cases. We also recommend analyzing the data points in both single-stage and multistage analyses in accordance with this new perspective rather than the traditional one used in process improvement projects. Accordingly, the single-stage analysis gives a complete picture of how the infection rate is changing overall, whereas the multistage analysis is more sensitive to small changes.
Peripheral Transplantation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells at Sepsis Convalescence Improves Cognitive Function of Sepsis Surviving Mice
Authors: Tan Longjiao , Cheng Yong , Wang Hui , Tong Jianbin , Qin Xian
Published: September 2022

Objective. To investigate the effects of peripheral transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) at sepsis convalescence on post-sepsis cognitive function and underlying mechanisms in mice. Methods. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in mice. Bone marrow-derived MSCs from mice were cultured and injected via tail vein on the 8th day after CLP. Cognitive function was detected in open field, novel object recognition task, and delayed matching-to-place water maze task during 10-26 days after CLP. Neuroinflammation, neurogenesis, and peripheral inflammation were detected on the 12th and 31th days after CLP. MSCs tracing was detected during 8-10 days after CLP. Results. Transplanted MSCs were located at peripheral organs (lung, spleen, liver) and had no obvious effects on survival and weight of sepsis mice. Transplanted MSCs mitigated cognitive impairments and hippocampal microglial activation, improved hippocampal neurogenesis of sepsis surviving mice, and had no obvious effect on the leukocyte amount, the neutrophil percentage, and the inflammatory factors of peripheral blood, and the hippocampal inflammatory factors. Conclusions. Our data indicated that MSCs transplantation via peripheral vein at later phase of sepsis can improve post-sepsis cognitive impairment and hippocampal neurogenesis of sepsis surviving mice.
Malignant Diffuse-Type Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor in the Subcutaneous Tissue of the Midthigh: A Report of a Rare Tumor in an Unusual Location
Authors: Salem Omar , Kurdi Khalid , Joudeh Amani , Al-Dhafiri Ahmad , Alkhunaizi Zahra , Al Absi Emad
Published: September 2022

Malignant TS-GCT is an extremely rare and aggressive tumor with only few cases published in the literature, due to the small number of cases is not completely understood and is diagnostically challenging. Although surgical treatment is the primary treatment modality, there is no consensus regarding adjuvant treatment. Regardless of mode of treatment, the tumor still caries unfavorable prognosis. In this paper, we reviewed the literature for cases of malignant TS-GCT. We also would like to present an additional case of malignant TS-GCT that was found in an unusual location in subcutaneous tissue of the midthigh.
Computing Independent Variable Sets for Polynomial Ideals
Authors: Yang Zhuoran , Tan Chang
Published: September 2022

Computing independent variable sets for polynomial ideals plays an important role in solving high‐dimensional polynomial equations. The computation of a Gröbner basis for an ideal, with respect to a block lexicographical order in classic methods, is huge, and then an improved algorithm is given. Based on the quasi‐Gröbner basis of the extended ideal, a criterion of assigning independent variables is gained. According to the criteria, a maximal independent variable set for a polynomial ideal can be computed by assigning indeterminates gradually. The key point of the algorithm is to reduce dimensions so that the unit of computation is one variable instead of a set, which turns a multivariate problem into a single‐variable problem and turns the computation of rational function field into that of the fundamental number field. Hence, the computation complexity is reduced. The algorithm has been analysed by an example, and the results reveal that the algorithm is correct and effective.
Tourist Attraction Recommendation Method and Data Management Based on Big Data Analysis
Authors: Xu Fangyuan , Han Feng
Published: September 2022

The proliferation of social networking data has opened up numerous avenues for providing additional perspectives to decision-makers. While big data analytics has the potential to aid in rational decision, so far there is little evidence to support this claim. More importantly, in the tourism industry specifically, a standardized approach to assessing social video big data for strategic planning has not yet been created. This project will use a research-based design science method to develop and estimate a “big data analytics” strategy for enhancing strategic decision-making in the control of tourist destinations. Using geotagged pictures provided by visitors to the picture social-media site Flickr as a matter of reality, with Melbourne, Australia as a case study, this method’s applicability is demonstrated in helping destination management organizations analyze and predict tourist behavioral patterns at specific destinations. Extra source, recipient, and stakeholder groups were used to verify relevance. The produced artifact exemplifies a technique for assessing massive amounts of unstructured data to aid strategic decision-making in an actual problem area. The scope of the suggested method is examined, and it is possible that it could be applied to other types of extremely large data sets.
The Role of Natural Products as Inhibitors of JAK/STAT Signaling Pathways in Glioblastoma Treatment
Authors: Fahmideh Hanieh , Shapourian Hooriyeh , Moltafeti Rasol , Tavakol Chanour , Forghaniesfidvajani Razieh , Zalpoor Hamidreza , Nabi-Afjadi Mohsen
Published: September 2022

The permeability of glioblastoma, as well as its escaping the immune system, makes them one of the most deadly human malignancies. By avoiding programmed cell death (apoptosis), unlimited cell growth and metastatic ability could dramatically affect the immune system. Genetic mutations, epigenetic changes, and overexpression of oncogenes can cause this process. On the other hand, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and intratumor heterogeneity are important factors causing resistance to therapy. Several signaling pathways have been identified in this field, including the Janus tyrosine kinase (JAK) converter and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) activator pathways, which are closely related. In addition, the JAK/STAT signaling pathway contributes to a wide array of tumorigenesis functions, including replication, anti-apoptosis, angiogenesis, and immune suppression. Introducing this pathway as the main tumorigenesis and treatment resistance center can give a better understanding of how it operates. In light of this, it is an important goal in treating many disorders, particularly cancer. The inhibition of this signaling pathway is being considered an approach to the treatment of glioblastoma. The use of natural products alternatively to conventional therapies is another area of research interest among researchers. Some natural products that originate from plants or natural sources can interfere with JAK/STAT signaling in human malignant cells, also by stopping the progression and phosphorylation of JAK/STAT, inducing apoptosis, and stopping the cell cycle. Natural products are a viable alternative to conventional chemotherapy because of their cost-effectiveness, wide availability, and almost no side effects.
Classification of Unit Groups of Five Radical Zero Completely Primary Finite Rings Whose First and Second Galois Ring Module Generators Are of the Order pk, k = 2, 3, 4
Authors: Were Hezron Saka , Oduor Maurice Owino
Published: September 2022

Let R0 = GR(pkr, pk) be a Galois maximal subring of  R  so that R = R0 ⊕ U ⊕ V ⊕ W ⊕ Y, where U, V, W, and Y are R0/pR0 spaces considered as R0‐modules, generated by the sets {u1, ⋯, ue}, {v1, ⋯, vf}, {w1, ⋯, wg}, and {y1, ⋯, yh}, respectively. Then,  R  is a completely primary finite ring with a Jacobson radical Z(R) such that (Z(R))5 = (0) and  (Z(R))4 ≠ (0). The residue field R/Z(R) is a finite field GF(pr) for some prime p and positive integer  r. The characteristic of R is  pk, where k is an integer such that  1 ≤ k ≤ 5. In this paper, we study the structures of the unit groups of a commutative completely primary finite ring  R  with  pψui = 0, ψ = 2, 3, 4; pζvj = 0, ζ = 2, 3; pwk = 0, and  pyl = 0; 1 ≤ i ≤ e, 1 ≤ j ≤ f, 1 ≤ k ≤ g, and  1 ≤ l ≤ h.
A Revision of the Traditional Analysis Method of Allometry to Allow Extension of the Normality‐Borne Complexity of Error Structure: Examining the Adequacy of a Normal‐Mixture Distribution‐Driven Error Term
Authors: Villa-Diharce Enrique , Echavarria-Heras Hector Alonso , Montesinos-López Abelardo , Leal-Ramírez Cecilia
Published: September 2022

Huxley’s model of simple allometry provides a parsimonious scheme for examining scaling relationships in scientific research, resource management, and species conservation endeavors. Factors including biological error, analysis method, sample size, and overall data quality can undermine the reliability of a fit of Huxley’s model. Customary amendments enhance the complexity of the power function‐conveyed systematic term while keeping the usual normality‐borne error structure. The resulting protocols bear multiple‐parameter complex allometry forms that could pose interpretative shortcomings and parameter estimation difficulties, and even being empirically pertinent, they could potentially bear overfitting. A subsequent heavy‐tailed Q‐Q normal spread often remains undetected since the adequacy of a normally distributed error term remains unexplored. Previously, we promoted the advantages of keeping Huxley’s model‐driven systematic part while switching to a logistically distributed error term to improve fit quality. Here, we analyzed eelgrass leaf biomass and area data exhibiting a marked size‐related heterogeneity, perhaps explaining a lack of systematization at data gathering. Overdispersion precluded adequacy of the logistically adapted protocol, thereby suggesting processing data through a median absolute deviation scheme aimed to remove unduly replicates. Nevertheless, achieving regularity to Huxley’s power function‐like trend required the removal of many replicates, thereby questioning the integrity of a data cleaning approach. But, we managed to adapt the complexity of the error term to reliably identify Huxley’s model‐like systematic part masked by variability in data. Achieving this relied on an error term conforming to a normal mixture distribution which successfully managed overdispersion in data. Compared to normal‐complex allometry and data cleaning composites present arrangement delivered a coherent Q‐Q normal mixture spread and a remarkable reproducibility strength of derived proxies. By keeping the analysis within Huxley’s original theory, the present approach enables substantiating nondestructive allometric proxies aimed at eelgrass conservation. The viewpoint endorsed here could also make data cleaning unnecessary.
[Retracted] Analysis of the Correlation of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Serum of Patients with Diffuse Large B‐Cell Lymphoma with Clinicopathological Efficacy and International Prognostic Index
Authors: Pan Yan , Han Pinjiang , Fang Fengmei , Xiao Haijuan , Zhu Lijing , Pu Juan , Hou Panfei
Published: September 2022

The correlation of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in serum of patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with clinicopathological efficacy and International Prognostic Index (IPI) is analyzed. 115 DLBCL patients admitted to our hospital for treatment from June 2020 to June 2021 are selected as the DLBCL patient group, 65 healthy subjects who received physical examination in our hospital during the same period are selected as the healthy control group, and the serum bFGF levels of DLBCL group and healthy control group are observed before treatment. The experimental results show that the serum bFGF expression of DLBCL patients is decreased significantly after chemotherapy, and the serum bFGF expression of DLBCL patients is closely related to the treatment effect, disease progression, tumor invasion, and prognosis, which has important clinical significance for judging the disease, treatment effect, and prognosis of patients.
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Loaded with Resveratrol Are Used for Targeted Breast Cancer Therapy
Authors: Gu Yifan , Fei Zhewei
Published: September 2022

Objective. The characteristics of poor pharmacokinetics, stability, and low solubility seriously limited the clinical application of resveratrol (Res) in breast cancer. Thus, this study intends to develop a delivery system for Res which could be better used in breast cancer therapy. Methods. Resveratrol-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN-Res) were chemically constructed. Their shape and encapsulation were detected by transmission electron microscope, Fourier transforms infrared spectrometer, and UV spectroscopy, respectively. MGF-7 tumor-bearing mice were established by subcutaneous injection, and the pathological changes were detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining. CCK-8 and Ki-67 immunohistochemical staining were used for proliferation evaluation in vitro and in vivo. Flow cytometry, TUNEL, wound healing, and transwell assay detected cell apoptosis, invasion, and migration. Results. MSN-Res was successfully prepared with high biosafety. MSN-Res inhibited MGF-7 cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and promoted apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, MSN-Res showed better performance compared Res in breast cancer mouse models. In addition, we found that MSN-Res inhibited tumor growth via inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Conclusion. MSN-Res inhibited breast cancer progression with better efficacy compared with Res treatment alone by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway, suggesting that MSN-Res is a more effective adjuvant treatment method for breast cancer. Thus, our findings may provide a new and safer means of using phytochemicals in combinatorial therapy of breast cancer.
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Assisted Non-Terrestrial NOMA Networks
Authors: Lian Xuanhao , Yue Xinwei , Li Xuehua , Yun Xiang , Li Tian , Wan Dehan
Published: September 2022

This paper considers the application of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) to non-terrestrial non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks. More specifically, the performance of a pair of non-orthogonal users for RIS assisted non-terrestrial NOMA networks is investigated over large-scale fading and Nakagami-

m

fading cascaded channel. The exact and asymptotic expressions of outage probability are derived for the nearby user and distant user with the imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) and perfect SIC schemes. Based on the approximated results, the diversity orders of these two users are obtained in the high signal-to-noise ratios. The simulation results are used to verify the theoretical derivations and find that: 1) The outage behaviors of RIS assisted non-terrestrial NOMA networks outperforms than that of orthogonal multiple access; 2) By increasing the number of reflecting elements of RIS and Nagakami-

m

fading factors

m

′

and

Ω

, RIS-assisted non-terrestrial NOMA networks are able to achieve the enhanced outage performance.
Seismic Behaviour of Hybrid Precast Shear Walls with Partially Connected Vertically Distributed Reinforcements
Authors: Lv Henglin , Wu Yuanzhou , Hu Xiongshi , Huang Cancan , Liu Kefang
Published: September 2022

This paper presents a joint mode for a vertical grouting sleeve and a partially distributed reinforced composite connection. The seismic performance of four hybrids precast shear walls with a shear span ratio of 1.83, an axial compression ratio of 0.20, and partially connected vertically distributed rebar was studied by pseudo‐static tests. The connection ratios of the reinforced concrete with a vertical distribution were 100%, 67%, 50%, and 33% and were compared with cast‐in‐place shear walls. It was found that both the precast and cast‐in‐place specimens demonstrated bending and shear failure modes. Both ends of the mortar layer were cracked under compression, and steel connection failure occurred under the ultimate load. The load‐displacement hysteresis curve was bow‐shaped and relatively full; the yield load increased from 11.4 to 16.6, and the peak load increased from 4.2 to 6.8 compared with those of the cast‐in‐situ specimen. The strength degradation performance of the precast specimen was slightly weaker than that of the cast‐in‐place specimen. The ductility coefficient of the precast specimens was approximately 4, and the ultimate displacement angle was between 1/30 and 1/32, which was larger than the limit value of elastic‐plastic interlayer displacement of shear wall structures required by the code. The reduction in the number of vertically distributed rebar connections led to a decrease in the bearing capacity, stiffness, ductility, and energy dissipation, but the impact was very small.
Effect of Farmland Transfer on Poverty Reduction under Different Targeted Poverty Alleviation Patterns Based on PSM-DID Model in Karst Area of China
Authors: Liu Yan , Wang Maoqiang , Qian Zhu , Hou Baolin , Chen Xi , Lei Qinghua , He Lu , Zhao Longxue
Published: September 2022

Rural farmland transfer is a key factor in the successful implementation of targeted poverty alleviation strategies in China. In this paper, a multidimensional index system with 15 indicators from five dimensions, namely, natural, human, physical, financial, and social capital was established. It analyzed the effect of farmland transfer on poverty alleviation under four typical poverty alleviation models implemented in a karst area in China by using Propensity Score Matching (PSM) and Difference-in-Difference (DID) to analyze 467 rural households questionnaire responses from five representative villages in Guizhou Province. The results show that different models had different effects on poverty reduction. In the model of "three changes" + relocation for poverty alleviation + rural tourism + poor households, farmland transfer was the most effective in poverty alleviation, as attested by its average treatment effect on the treated (ATT) value of 0.44. Rural households' nonfarm income increased significantly to develop rural tourism after relocation from inhospitable areas. In the model of "farmland lease/shareholding" +cooperative + enterprise + poor households, farmland transfer had a moderate effect on poverty alleviation, with an ATT value of 0.06. Its effect on the total income of rural households was the lowest among the four models. This study's results can provide a theoretical reference for solidifying the benefits of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization strategies in karst areas.
High-Throughput Sequencing Investigation of Bacterial Diversity in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media and Middle Ear Cholesteatoma
Authors: Cheng Xiuqin , Tuoheti Abulajiang , Huang Xiaobang , Gu Xingzhi
Published: September 2022

Background. Chronic otitis media is a common middle ear disease in otolaryngology. Bacterial infection is considered as the cause of the disease, but relying on conventional bacterial cultures can be problematic for identifying specific pathogens. Current research suggests that bacteria in microbial communities can only be identified by rDNA sequencing of bacteria. Methods. This cross-sectional study utilized broad-range PCR amplification of 16S rRNA genes with clone analysis to compare bacterial diversity in lesions from 6 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) and 10 patients with cholesteatoma of middle ear lesions. Bacteria were analyzed at the levels of phylum, order, family, genus, and species. Results. The age and sex difference between the patients with chronic suppurative otitis media and the patients with middle ear cholesteatoma were comparable (

P
>
0.05

). Bacterial species abundance and species diversity were greater in cholesteatoma of the middle ear lesions than in CSOM lesions. The total number of detected operational taxonomic units (OTU) was 838, comprising 788 OTU detected in cholesteatoma pathological tissues, 230 in CSOM pathological tissues, and 180 OTU common to both groups. Proteus is a major part of CSOM (99.46%,

P
=
0.000321

). The phyla detected in the Cholesteatoma samples were Proteus (Proteobacteria) (35.77%), thikum (Firmicutes) (44.21%,

P
=
0.001071

), and Actinomycetes (Actinobacteria) (16.66%,

P
=
0.032464

). At all bacterial taxonomic levels, the epithelial tissue of middle ear cholesteatoma was complex in terms of bacterial diversity, covering many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, likely related to bacterial microbiome formation. In contrast, the bacteriology of the CSOM lesions was relatively simple at all taxonomic levels, with all sequences characterized as belonging to Gram-negative bacteria. Conclusion. Our results suggest that persistent middle ear cholesteatoma infection may be a microbial flora disorder related to conditional pathogenic bacteria rather than a single bacterial infectious disease. The pathogen is relatively single in the diseased tissue of chronic suppurative otitis media, which is the main reason for its effective antiinfection treatment.
Antiplatelets and Vascular Dementia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alexander Peter , Visagan Shakthi , Jawhar Sara , Kare Amogh , Issa Noor , Issa Reem , Jawhar Abbas , Thomas Sneha , Gorantla Vasavi
Published: September 2022

Vascular dementia (VD) is a neurocognitive disorder whose precise definition is still up for debate. VD generally refers to dementia that is primarily caused by cerebrovascular disease or impaired cerebral blood flow. It is a subset of vascular cognitive impairment, a class of diseases that relate any cerebrovascular injury as a causal or correlating factor for cognitive decline, most commonly seen in the elderly. Patients who present with both cognitive impairment and clinical or radiologic indications of cerebrovascular pathology should have vascular risk factors, particularly hypertension, examined and treated. While these strategies may be more effective at avoiding dementia than at ameliorating it, there is a compelling case for intensive secondary stroke prevention in these patients. Repeated stroke is related to an increased chance of cognitive decline, and poststroke dementia is connected with an increased risk of death. In general, most physicians follow recommendations for secondary stroke prevention in patients with VD, which can be accomplished by the use of antithrombotic medicines such as antiplatelets (aspirin, clopidogrel, ticlopidine, cilostazol, etc.). In individuals with a high risk of atherosclerosis and those with documented symptomatic cerebrovascular illness, antiplatelets treatment lowers the risk of stroke. While this therapy strategy of prevention and rigorous risk management has a compelling justification, there is only limited and indirect data to support it. The following systematic review examines the role of antiplatelets in the management of vascular dementia in published clinical trials and studies and comments on the current evidence available to support their use and highlights the need for further study.
Natural Coevolution of Tumor and Immunoenvironment in Glioblastoma
Authors: Wu Lingxiang , Wu Wei , Zhang Junxia , Zhao Zheng , Li Liangyu , Zhu Mengyan , Wu Min , Wu Fan , Zhou Fengqi , Du Yuxin , Chai Rui-Chao , Zhang Wei , Qiu Xiaoguang , Liu Quanzhong , Wang Ziyu , Li Jie , Li Kening , Chen Apeng , Jiang Yinan , Xiao Xiangwei , Zou Han , Srivastava Rashmi , Zhang Tingting , Cai Yun , Liang Yuan , Huang Bin , Zhang Ruohan , Lin Fan , Hu Lang , Wang Xiuxing , Qian Xu , Lv Sali , Hu Baoli , Zheng Siyuan , Hu Zhibin , Shen Hongbing , You Yongping , Verhaak Roel G.W. , Jiang Tao , Wang Qianghu
Published: September 2022

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type glioblastoma (GBM) has a dismal prognosis. A better understanding of tumor evolution holds the key to developing more effective treatment. Here we study GBM's natural evolutionary trajectory by using rare multifocal samples. We sequenced 61,062 single cells from eight multifocal IDH wild-type primary GBMs and defined a natural evolution signature (NES) of the tumor. We show that the NES significantly associates with the activation of transcription factors that regulate brain development, including MYBL2 and FOSL2. Hypoxia is involved in inducing NES transition potentially via activation of the HIF1A–FOSL2 axis. High-NES tumor cells could recruit and polarize bone marrow–derived macrophages through activation of the FOSL2–ANXA1–FPR1/3 axis. These polarized macrophages can efficiently suppress T-cell activity and accelerate NES transition in tumor cells. Moreover, the polarized macrophages could upregulate CCL2 to induce tumor cell migration.

Significance:

GBM progression could be induced by hypoxia via the HIF1A–FOSL2 axis. Tumor-derived ANXA1 is associated with recruitment and polarization of bone marrow–derived macrophages to suppress the immunoenvironment. The polarized macrophages promote tumor cell NES transition and migration.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2711
Significant Visual Impairment after Short-Lasting Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
Authors: Gawęcki Maciej , Grzybowski Andrzej , Pompein-Batkiewicz Monika
Published: September 2022

A 37-year-old man experienced two episodes of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) with the onset within a 7-month period, one in each eye. The diagnosis was made based on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), and fluorescein angiography. The presence of subretinal neovascularization and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy were excluded. Each CSCR episode lasted for approximately 6 months and resolved completely after laser photocoagulation (left eye) and photodynamic therapy (right eye). In the right eye, subthreshold micropulse laser treatment and oral eplerenone were initially administered because of a verteporfin shortage, but they were not effective. Final best-corrected visual acuity was 0.8 logMAR in the left eye and “counting fingers” in the right. SD-OCT revealed significant retinal thinning in both eyes despite FAF, showing no major loss of retinal pigment epithelial cells. A significant reduction of ganglion cell complex thickness occurred in the right eye. Acute CSCR can result in significant visual impairment, even when short-lasting.
Interaction between m6A and ncRNAs and Its Association with Diseases
Authors: Chen Shuangyi , Dong Jianxiang , Luo Xinjie , Nie Zixiong , Lu Shanshan , Liu Hanqi , Liu Junwen
Published: September 2022

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNA) are a kind of endogenous RNA that regulate many vital bioprocesses with limited ability to encode polypeptides. Most of them are involved in transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulations, thus showing some biological effects. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification is a reversible modification that adjusts RNA’s functions and stability. The enzymes that regulate m6A can be divided into “writers,” “readers,” and “erasers.” Mechanically, m6A modification of microRNA is mainly identified by DGVR8, participating in the processing of primary micro­RNAs, while m6A modification on long noncoding RNA (lnc­RNA) can change its spatial structure and stability to regulate its RNA- or protein-binding ability. The m6A-modified lnc­RNA and circular RNA can act as competing endogenous RNAs, sponge downstream miRNA. Moreover, ncRNA can also regulate m6A level of downstream molecules. Here, we elaborate on recent advances about pathways and underlying molecular mechanisms of how the interaction between m6A and ncRNA is involved in the occurrence and development of various diseases, especially cancer.
Cholestatic Liver Injury in a Patient with Tertiary Syphilis
Authors: Mujumdar Sahaj , Goldenberg Jason , Bieser Steven , Pang Alice S. , Coben Robert
Published: September 2022

Syphilis is a common infection that has variable presentations. We report a rare case of a 64-year-old male with 3 weeks of abdominal pain, back pain, and neurologic deficits including memory impairment who was found to have neurosyphilis causing a cholestatic liver injury. Workup included a positive rapid plasma reagin (RPR) and enzyme immunoassay (EIA), a positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL), and a liver biopsy, which was compatible with a diagnosis of syphilitic hepatitis. Completion of a 14-day course of penicillin and 1 month of physical therapy resulted in near full-functional and biochemical recovery.
Can Ultrasound Examinations Generate Pain in Hidradenitis Suppurativa Patients? Results from a Multicentric Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wortsman Ximena , Reyes-Baraona Francisco , Ramirez-Cornejo Cristian , Ferreira-Wortsman Camila , Caposiena Caro Raffaele Dante , Molina-Leyva Alejandro , Arias-Santiago Salvador , Giavedoni Priscila , Martorell Antonio , Romani Jorge , Gonzalez Claudia , Alfageme Fernando
Published: September 2022

Background: Pain is not a trivial issue for hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) patients and has been considered a domain in the Core Outcome Set. To date, there is no evidence about pain caused by the ultrasound examinations. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the presence of pain generated by the ultrasound examinations of HS patients. Methods: A multicentric cross-sectional study for detecting pain during the ultrasound examinations of HS patients using a validated verbal questionnaire immediately after the imaging studies. Statistical analysis included demographic data and possible associations with sex, age, location, clinical (Hurley), and ultrasonographic scoring (SOS-HS). The statistical tests were two proportions Z test, χ2 test, Student’s t test, and ANOVA. A p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: 317 patients met the criteria. 77.3% of them did not present pain. Of cases with pain, 59.8% were mild, 16.7% moderate, and 23.6% severe. No significant association was found with sex, age, staging, location, or the number of affected regions. Although nonsignificant, severe pain cases were more frequent in the clinical Hurley III and ultrasonographic SOS-HS III stages. Conclusion: Pain generated by the ultrasound examination of HS patients is infrequent.
Alterations in Retinal Vascular and Oxygen Metrics in Treated and Untreated Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Rahimi Mansour , Kashani Amir H. , Blair Norman P. , Shahidi Mahnaz
Published: September 2022

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a vision-threatening complication of diabetes. Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) are approved treatment modalities aimed at regressing neovascularization. Data are lacking about abnormalities in retinal vascular and oxygen metrics before and after combination treatments. A 32-year-old Caucasian male diagnosed with PDR in the right eye was treated by a combination of PRP and multiple anti-VEGF treatments over a 12-month period. The subject underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography, Doppler OCT, and retinal oximetry before treatment and at 12 months, which was 6 months following the last treatment. Measurements of vascular metrics (vessel density [VD] and mean arterial and venous diameters [DA, DV]) and oxygen metrics (total retinal blood flow [TRBF], inner retinal oxygen delivery [DO2], metabolism [MO2], and extraction fraction [OEF]) were obtained. Both before and after treatments, VD, TRBF, MO2, and DO2 were below the normal lower confidence limits. Additionally, DV and OEF were decreased after treatments. Alterations in retinal vascular and oxygen metrics were reported for the first time in untreated and treated PDR. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the clinical value of these metrics in PDR.
Possible Development of Burn-Out Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis under Long-Term Steroid Use
Authors: Ota Soichiro , Hamada Michika , Muramatsu Ken-ichi , Takeuchi Ikuto , Yanagawa Youichi
Published: September 2022

A 74-year-old man, who lived alone, was found in an unconscious state in his house by a neighbor after mail accumulated in his mailbox. He had asthma and nephrotic syndrome, which had been treated by prednisolone (10 mg) for more than 10 years, and steroid-induced DM. He had been obese since his 20s and had never drunk or smoked in his life. On arrival, he was obese and in a coma and shock state with respiratory failure. He therefore underwent rapid fluid resuscitation, tracheal intubation, mechanical ventilation, with cardiopressor treatment. Whole body computed tomography revealed atrophic liver and excess visceral fat. The clinical diagnosis was septic shock, acute respiratory failure, renal failure with hyperkalemia, cerebral ischemia, liver cirrhosis, rhabdomyolysis, DM, and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. On day 3, his circulation, respiratory function, and consciousness stabilized, and he was extubated. Further studies led to a diagnosis of burn-out nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). His condition was complicated by adrenal insufficiency, pulmonary embolism, lower extremity motor weakness, and left leg phlegmon during hospitalization. He was transferred to another hospital for rehabilitation on day 34 after the improvement of phlegmon. The present case showed the potential for NASH to develop in individuals with long-term steroid use. The further accumulation and analysis of cases is required to determine whether this possibility is correct or not.
Feasibility and Effectiveness of a Comprehensive Care Program for People Living with Obesity: A Real-World Experience in a Public Hospital in Mexico
Authors: Vázquez-Velázquez Verónica , García García Eduardo
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Existing evidence indicates that the best treatment model for obesity leading to successful weight loss consists of a so-called comprehensive lifestyle intervention program, but the offer, implementation, and coverage of these kinds of programs for the diagnosis, management, and follow-up of people living with obesity are limited. So, the aim of this study was an evaluation of the feasibility and effectiveness of a comprehensive care program for obesity in a public tertiary hospital in Mexico. Methods: An observational, longitudinal, and retrospective study evaluated a six-month long medium-intensity comprehensive care program (seven visits focused on medical, nutritional, psychological, and psychiatric diagnosis and treatment). A total of 1,017 people living with obesity were recruited for the program. Logistic regression models were used to predict the factors associated with attendance and weight loss. Results: Of the 1,017 participants, 661 completed the program (65% retention rate) and attended 4.9 ± 1.9 visits each, with 40.1% losing ≥5% of their starting weight (X = 4.3 ± 4.4%). From visit 1 to visit 7, the participants that completed the program had weight decreases of Δ = −4.8 kg and body mass index (BMI) −2.3 kg/m2; p < 0.01. Each additional visit increased the likelihood of a 5% weight loss [OR 1.90, 95% CI: 1.51–2.38, p < 0.001] and 10% [OR 2.45, 95% CI: 1.49–4.02, p < 0.001], becoming statistically significant after attending more than four visits. Each additional year of age increased the likelihood of losing ≥5% body weight [OR 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00–1.03, p < 0.05] and increased the likelihood of completing the program [OR 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00–1.03, p < 0.01] after controlling for sex, weight, BMI, and psychiatric and weight loss medications. Discussion/Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of a six-month comprehensive program for obesity in a public hospital in Mexico.