bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Napier Grass Derived Cellulose Acetate Membrane for Water Purification
Authors: Shrestha Grisha , Kandel Krishna , Aryal Girja , Gautam Prakash , Neupane Bhanu Bhakta
Published: January 2025

Napier grass is one of the widely cultivated forage plants. The stem region of the plant, an agro waste, is being explored in fabrication of paper, biogas production, and as composite material. The purpose of this study was to extract cellulose from Napier grass, modification of the cellulose to cellulose acetate, and use the acetate in fabrication of membrane for filtration purpose. Cellulose was extracted from lignocellulosic biomass by drying, pulping followed by alkali treatment and bleaching to remove hemicellulose and lignin content from the biomass with the yield of 47%. The obtained cellulose was acetylated through reaction of acetic anhydride in the presence of iodine as catalyst and systematically compared with commercially available cellulose acetate. The yield of cellulose acetate was found to be 41.67%. The cellulose acetate membrane was fabricated using cellulose acetate using calcium carbonate nanoparticles as pore templates. The membrane was able to decrease turbidity from simulated water sample by ~ 96%. This study suggested that the waste Napier grass stem could be used for efficient synthesis of cellulose acetate and fabrication of membrane for water purification.
Stone Spout Water Quality for Drinking Purposes in Kathmandu Metropolitan: An Assessment Using Water Quality Index
Authors: Yadav Pramod Kumar , Kandel Supriya , Adhikari Bijaya , Shakya Bindra Devi , Shakya Sudarshana , Shakya Pawan Raj
Published: January 2025

Stone spouts, emblematic of the Kathmandu Valley culture, represent traditional water supply systems with religious, cultural, spiritual, and economic importance. The water sources in the valley partially meet the drinking water requirements of the residents. The study aims to assess the water quality of the traditional stone spouts located in Kathmandu Metropolitan City by using the water quality index (WQI). Water samples were collected from twenty stone spouts within the metropolitan area during the pre-monsoon period (May 2024). Ten selected physicochemical parameters viz., electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, pH, total hardness, ammonia, fluoride, chloride, nitrate, sulfate, and total iron were examined, and the water quality was assessed using the WQI. Ammonia, fluoride, nitrate, and iron were identified as the main issues in many sampled stone spouts exceeding the permissible limits of NDWQS (2022). The results indicated that the WQI values varied between 19 and 330, with the majority of samples collected from the stone spouts classified as grade E, suggesting that they are unsuitable for drinking. Out of the stone spouts examined, only Gyan dhara and Pepsicola dhungedhara fall under grade A according to the WQI. Linear regression analysis indicated that as TDS and iron levels increase, the WQI also increases. Results suggested that prompt measures are needed to properly treat spout water to reduce contaminants. The study's results are expected to provide the concerned authorities with essential information about the water quality of the Kathmandu metropolitan stone spouts for the continued sustainability of the traditional water supply systems.
Phytochemical and Biological Evaluation on Leaf and Rhizome Extracts of Curcuma caesia Growing in Nepal
Authors: Sharma Tinky , Magar Akash Budha , Khatri Sabina , Lohani Ismita , Pakka Sangita , Sharma Khaga Raj
Published: January 2025

Curcuma caesia (Black Turmeric) is a perennial medicinal herb native to Southeast Asian countries of India and Nepal. It is known for its rich phytochemical profile and therapeutic properties. This study investigated the phytoconstituents, biological activities, and toxicity, and performed GC-MS analysis of rhizome and leaf extracts and fractions of C. caesia. Total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and AlCl3 colorimetric methods, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction of the leaf exhibited the highest TPC (91.14 ± 1.55 mg GAE/g), while the aqueous fraction of the rhizome recorded the highest TFC (155.62 ± 0.61 mg QE/g). The ethyl acetate fraction of the rhizome showed the most potent antioxidant activity (IC50 7.58 ± 0.41 µg/mL), and the methanol extract of the leaf showed the highest antidiabetic potential (IC50: 296.69 ± 0.48 µg/mL). Antibacterial activity was observed against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Toxicity assessment revealed an LC50 of 458.58 ± 20.23 µg/mL for the ethyl acetate fraction of the leaf in the brine shrimp lethality assay. GC-MS analysis identified 9,17-octadecadienal, wilfortrine, and phytol as major compounds. These findings highlight the pharmacological potential of C. caesia and its application in traditional medicine for managing ailments such as stomach aches, migraines, and wounds. Further research is recommended to elucidate its mechanisms of action and develop novel therapeutic agents.
Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Some Medicinal Plants Growing in Nepal
Authors: Baskota Manish , Pokhrel Ananda , Khatri Janak , Rimal Prakash , Rajbhandari Meena
Published: January 2025

Plants used in traditional medicines are the best options for the discovery, development, and delivery of new drugs. Hence the present study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities, chemical screening, and estimation of phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and sugars in different extracts of Ampelocissus daivaricata, Brassaiopsis hainla, Eranthemum pulchellum and Ficus cunia. These plants are commonly used in Nepalese traditional medicine to treat various diseases. In screening tests, phenolics, flavonoids, tannins glycosides, and reducing sugars were present in polar extracts. The higher amounts of phenolics (236.95±2.42 mg GAE/g extract), flavonoids (181.03±2.26 mg CE/g extract), and tannins (195.75±1.82 mg TAE/g extract) were present in the ethyl acetate extract of F. cunia. The higher amounts of sugars were present in the methanol extract (324.56 ± 0.299 mg GE/g extract) of A. daivaricata. In DPPH free radical scavenging assay, the ethyl acetate (24.64 ± 2.23 µg/mL) and methanol extract of F. cunia (24.71 ±1.67 µg/mL) showed similar IC50 values followed by the methanol extract of A. daivaricata (IC50:25.99 ± 0.94µg/mL) and ethyl acetate extract of B. hainla (IC50: 29.26±1.07 µg/mL). The extracts having higher amounts of phenolics and flavonoids showed greater antioxidant activities. In the antimicrobial assay, all the extracts showed a weak and narrow spectrum of activities.Some of the extracts of A. daivaricata, B. hainla, and F. Cunia showed activity against gram-positive bacteria. Only a few extracts were active against gram-negative bacteria. The extracts of B. hainla and F. cunia showed activity against C. albicans. The findings of this study support to some extent, the traditional use of these plants to treat microbial infections. These plants could be the source of new drugs to manage oxidative stress.
Navigating Job Stress: The Role of Supervisory Behavior in Eastern Nepal's Banks
Authors: Limbu Santosh Kumar , Mukhiya Kanchan , Sundas Bipana
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the influence of behaviour on job stress among employees in commercial banks in Eastern Nepal, focusing on the dimensions of role clarity, communication, delegation, motivation, and social support. A survey-based approach was employed, collecting data from 210 respondents in Eastern Nepal’s banking sector. Descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis were conducted using SPSS to assess the relationship between supervisory behavior and job stress. The results indicate significant relationships between all dimensions of supervisory behavior and job stress, with role clarity and communication emerging as the most influential factors. Five hypotheses were tested, confirming that higher levels of the clarity and communication associated with reduced job stress, while social support, delegation, and motivation also play a positive but lesser role. Effective supervisory practices, particularly in role clarity and communication, are crucial for instigating job stress among employees in Eastern Nepal’s commercial banks. Enhancing these supervisory behaviors can foster a healthier work environment and improve employee well-being.
Supervisor Behavior and Job Stress in Eastern Nepal: An Empirical Study
Authors: Chemjong Gajendra , Thapa Sapana , Magar Anu Rana
Published: January 2025

The study aims to investigate the relationship between supervisory behavior and job stress among employees in these banks, specifically examining effects of role clarity, communication, delegation, motivation, and social support. A survey-based research design was implemented, involving a sample of 210 respondents. Correlation and regression were used. The overall job stress mean score is 3.96, with high agreement on supervisor support (4.47) but lower scores for work-life balance (2.94). Role clarity scores a strong 4.35, indicating clear job expectations that help reduce stress. Communication is also effective, with a mean of 4.42, enhancing employee morale. Delegation practices received a score of 4.36, particularly regarding workload management. Motivation is notable at 4.38, highlighting appreciation and learning opportunities that mitigate stress. Lastly, social support averages 3.96, with many feeling a sense of belonging, although some report feelings of exclusion (2.94). The study successfully identifies key dimensions of supervisory behavior that impact job stress in Nepalese commercial banks. Enhancing role clarity and communication within supervisor-subordinate relationships may alleviate job stress, contributing to improved employee well-being and organizational performance.
Unlocking Customer Satisfaction: A Descriptive Analysis of Service Marketing in Eastern Nepal's Tourism Sector
Authors: Thapa Janga Bahadur
Published: January 2025

This study provides a comprehensive descriptive analysis of service marketing and customer satisfaction within the tourism sector of Eastern Nepal. Utilizing a sample of 185 respondents, the research employed a structured questionnaire to gather data on key dimensions such as service quality, price competitiveness, convenience of locations, cultural experiences, brand image, and overall customer satisfaction. The results reveal that tourists generally perceive high levels of service quality, particularly regarding responsiveness and efficient service delivery, with mean scores indicating positive experiences across various metrics. Price competitiveness was rated favorably, suggesting that respondents find Nepal's tourism offerings provide good value for money. Accessibility of major attractions and the quality of cultural experiences were highlighted as significant contributors to overall satisfaction. Notably, respondents expressed strong intentions to revisit and recommend Nepal as a tourist destination, emphasizing the effectiveness of current marketing strategies the cultural richness of the region. The study underscores the importance of ongoing collaboration between government and local businesses to enhance service delivery and address challenges in the tourism industry, ultimately positioning Eastern Nepal as a premier destination for global travelers. These insights are essential for developing targeted strategies that further promote sustainable growth in the region's tourism sector.
Statement on the Book ‘Reconstructing Celebrity Endorsement’
Authors: Blair Garry
Published: January 2025

No abstract available
तरूनी खेती उपन्यासमा प्रयुक्त पर्यावरणीय चिन्तन
Authors: सोती Soti जगतमणि Jagatmani
Published: January 2025

प्रस्तुत लेख पर्यावरणीय चिन्तनको आलोकमा तरूनी खेती उपन्यासको अध्ययन विश्लेषण गर्ने कार्यमा केन्द्रित रहेको छ । तरूनी खेती उपन्यासका लेखक प्रयोगवादी उपन्यासकार सरूभक्त श्रेष्ठ हुन् । यस उपन्यासमा पुरूषप्रधान समाजमा महिलाहरूले भोग्न परेका समस्या र त्यसबाट उत्पन्न असहज सामाजिक परिस्थितिको यथार्थ चित्रण गरिएको छ । साहित्यको विश्लेषण गर्ने विभिन्न सिद्धान्तहरू मध्ये पर्यावरणीय समालोचना पनि एक हो । यसलाई प्रकृतिकेन्द्री समालोचना तथा अन्तर्विषयक समालोचना पद्धति पनि भनिन्छ । उत्तरआधुनिक युगमा विकसित यस समालोचना प्रणालीले पारिस्थितिक पद्धतिमा जोड दिन्छ । तरूनी खेती उपन्यासमा नारीलाई उपभोग्य वस्तुका रूपमा हेर्ने पुरूषवादी चिन्तनको बिरोध गरिएको छ । पर्यावरणीय दृष्टिकोणले मूल्याङ्कन गर्दा यस उपन्यासमा सामाजिक सांस्कृतिक परम्पराजन्य परिस्थितिको बिम्बात्मक चिक्र अङ्कन गरिएको छ । त्यसत्रममा लैङ्गिक विभेद र पारिस्थितिक नारीवादलाई प्रतीकात्मक रूपमा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । उपन्यासमा सामाजिक सांस्कृतिक पर्यावरणलाई पनि उच्च महत्व प्रदान गरिएको छ । मानवीय सम्बन्ध र पर्यावरणीय सचेतनाका दृष्टिले समेत उपन्यास उत्कृष्ट रहेको छ ।  अतः यो उपन्यास पर्यावरणीय चिन्तनको आलोकमा उपयुक्त खालको छ ।
देव नागरी र रोमन लिपिको चिनारी
Authors: जोशी Joshi हेमा Hema
Published: January 2025

देव नागरी र रोमन लिपिको  चिनारी शीर्षकको यस लेखमा  देव नागरी लिपि र रोमन लिपिका वर्णहरू, देव नागरी लिपि र रोमन लिपिको समानता र भिन्नताजस्ता उपशीर्षकहरूमा विषयको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । कुनै पनि भाषालाई लेख्य माध्यमबाट प्रस्तुत गर्ने अङ्क, अक्षर, चित्र आदिलाई लिपि भनेर चिनिन्छ । अंगे्रजी भाषाको लिपि रोमन लिपि हो । त्यसै गरी नेपाली, हिन्दी, संस्कृत आदि भाषाहरू देव नागरी लिपिमा लेख्ने गरिन्छ । प्राचीन समयमा प्रचलित हुँदै सङ्केत वा भाषिक तत्वलाई देखाउन प्रयोग हुने सङ्केतात्मक अर्थ दिने लेखनको चिहृनलाई लिपि भनिन्छ । लिपि एउटा समाजको गहन ऐना भएकाले यो सबै ठाउँमा प्रचलित हुन्छ । लेख तयार पार्ने सन्दर्भमा मूलतः पुस्तकालयको उपयोग गरी सङ्कलन गरिएका प्राथमिक र द्वितीयक स्रोतका सामग्रीहरूबाट प्राप्त तथ्यलाई तर्क, प्रमाण र उदाहरणका आधारमा वर्णनात्मक विधिद्वारा विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । देव नागरी हिन्दी, मराठी, नेपाली, संस्कृत, र अन्य सहित धेरै भाषाहरू लेख्नको लागि प्रयोग गरिने लिपि हो । यो बायाँबाट दायाँ लेखिएको छ र वर्णहरू जडान गर्दै, शीर्षमा यसको विशिष्ट तेर्सो रेखाद्वारा यसको विशेषता चिनिन्छ भने रोमन लिपि जसलाई ल्याटिन लिपि पनि भनिन्छ । यो संसारमा सबैभन्दा धेरै प्रयोग हुने लेखन प्रणाली हो । यो पुरातन रोमीहरूबाट उत्पन्न भएको हो र अंग्रेजी, फ्रेन्च, स्पेनिश, र अन्य सहित धेरै भाषाहरूको लागि प्रयोग गरिन्छ । यो बायाँबाट दायाँ लेखिएको वर्णमाला लिपि हो र प्रत्येक अक्षरले एकल ध्वनि प्रतिनिधित्व गर्दछ । रोमन लिपि देव नागरीको विपरीत लिपिका रूपमा देखिन्छ । यस्ता प्रचलित लिपिहरू नेपाल लगायत विदेशी मुलुकहरूमा समेत उपयोगी हुने कुरा यस लिपि सम्बन्धी आलेखमा उल्लेख गरिएको छ ।
नेपाली वर्णविन्यास सम्पादनमा चिन्ह प्रयोग
Authors: भट्टराई Bhattarai टीकादेवी Tikadevi , बलम्पाकी Balampaki लोकेन्द्र Lokendra
Published: January 2025

प्रस्तुत लेख नेपाली वर्णहरूको उपर्युक्त विन्यासको प्रयोग र नेपाली भाषा सम्पादनमा चिहृनको पहिचानमा आधारित छ । भाषामा स्पष्ट रूपमा व्याकरणिक संरचना र कोशीय अर्थापनमा सन्तुलन ल्याउनका लागि वर्णहरूको उपर्युक्त ढङ्गले विन्यास गर्नुपर्ने हुन्छ । वर्णविन्यासलाई एकरूपता ल्याएर व्याकरणिक संरचना र कोशीय न्यायका लागि केही नियमहरू स्थापना भएका छन् । सम्पादन कार्य बौद्धिक, प्राज्ञिक, अनुभवमा आधारित जटिल र सम्वेदनशील लिपिवद्ध कार्य हो । पाण्डुलिपि देखि टङ्कन र मुद्रण वा प्रकाशन पूर्वको अवस्थासम्म स्पष्ट, सरल र शुद्धीकरण गरी मुद्रित सामग्रीलाई प्रकाशनयोग्य बनाउनको लागि सम्पादन कार्र्य गरिन्छ । प्रकाशनमा ल्याइएका लिखित सामग्रीमा परिष्कृत गरी उपर्युक्त अर्थापन गर्दै लुप्त ज्ञानको प्रकाश पार्नुका साथै नवीन ज्ञान स्थापित गर्नको लागि सम्पादन कार्य गरिन्छ । प्रस्तुत लेख मुख्यगरी नेपाली स्वर व्यञ्जन र संंयुक्त वर्णको प्रयोगका साथै ह्रस्व दीर्घसम्बन्धी वर्णको विन्यासगत नियमको विश्लेषण गर्न सम्पादन प्रक्रियामा प्रयोग हुने सङ्केत पहिचान, सङ्केतार्थ र प्रयोग अवस्थामा केन्द्रित भएकोले यस लेखमा सामग्री सङ्कलन र विश्लेषण विधिको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । यस लेखमा नेपाली भाषामा वर्णवितरण र सम्पादनमा प्रयोग गरिने सङ्केत चिहृनको पहिचान, अर्थ र प्रयोगमा लेखलाई केन्द्रित गरिएको छ ।
Problems of innovative development of the electric vehicle industry in conditions of global «energy transition» slowdown
Authors: Mun D. V. , Popeta V. V.
Published: January 2025

Based on the retrospective analysis of the evolution of the global electric transport industry over more than a century of its history, highlight the main problematic issues, primarily the problems of continuous global rise in the cost of primary energy and the technical imperfection of electric vehicles, which have held back and continue to hold back the innovative development of this type of transport, and propose a number of measures to improve their safety and operational reliability
A proof-of-concept methodology for identifying topical scientific issues in new publications whose citations have not yet been established
Authors: Chigarev B. N.
Published: January 2025

Identification of topical research issues using bibliometric data is complicated by the fact that the citation of publications from recent years has not yet been formed. In this paper, it is proposed to use the average citation of the journal over two years rather than the article citation to estimate to estimate the weight of the keyword occurring in the sample under consideration. In order to identify the terms that characterize relevant research topics, it is proposed to represent the term co-occurrence network in coordinates of the average occurrence of the term per year and the average normalized citation of the term to visualize the graph. Furthermore, this methodology proposes the use of preprocessing of keywords using a lemmatization dictionary. 3,696 bibliometric records for 2022–2024 from the ScienceDirect platform on the topic of industry digitalization were used for the analysis. The VOSviewer and Scimago Graphica programs were used sequentially. The former was used to display the overall landscape of the study, while the latter was used to analyze in more detail the individual slices of bibliometric data obtained with VOSviewer. A ‘convex hull’ was used to facilitate the perception of cluster boundaries. After analysing the data and highlighting the terms, it is proposed to provide context by quoting strings from publications and defining of lesser-known terms. The industry digitalization is not only a technical and technological issue but also an economic one, as evidenced by terms such as ‘digital economy’ and ‘Industry 5.0’.
Conventional Blending Chitosan Lignin Nanocomposites Hydrogel (CsLNPs) for food coating application
Authors: Ahmad Tarmizi Amelia Shanaz , Othman Muhammad Bisyrul Hafi , Abdullah Sani Muhamad Shirwan , Rafiae Nur Najmina , Rostan Nur Raihan , Mohamad Ibrahim Mohamad Nasir
Published: January 2025

Despite the importance of bio-based materials for food coatings, studies on how LNPs enhance thermal stability, swelling behaviour, and barrier properties remain limited, creating a gap in sustainable food preservation solutions. This work successfully prepared the lignin chitosan nanocomposites hydrogel (CsLNPs) via a conventional, cost-effective blending method. The incorporation of LNPs into Cs hydrogels was confirmed via FTIR, showing interactions between LNPs’ -OH groups and Cs’ -NH2 groups, with peak shifts at 3400–3200 cm⁻¹. Thermal analysis revealed decomposition temperatures (Tmax) of 285–290°C, with T10% >170°C and >24% residue at 800°C. Glass transition temperatures (Tg) ranged from 143–154°C. LNPs initially improved thermal stability, although higher loading caused agglomeration, reducing performance. LNPs-Cs hydrogels displayed insolubility in non-polar solvents due to their inherent structure, while increasing lignin loading (5–20%) enhanced water absorption and swelling, slowing fruit rotting. This demonstrated improved moisture and oxygen barrier properties. The findings highlight CsLNPs as a sustainable, effective food coating, reducing waste, promoting eco-friendly packaging, and advancing bio-based solutions for food technology.
Application of Single Minute Exchange Die (SMED) Method to Minimize Setup Time on 350T Capacity Molding Machine
Authors: Sumasto Fredy , Arrofah Muhammad Arif , Pratama Indra Rizki , Purbaningrum Sanurya Putri , Satria Adam , Rapi Amrin
Published: January 2025

This study aims to apply the Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED) method in reducing setup time on a 350T capacity molding machine at PT HMG. The data collection results showed that the frequency of mold changes reached 70 times a month, with the average time required for mold changes before the implementation of SMED 173 minutes. After the implementation of SMED, the mold change time was successfully reduced to 64 minutes, reflecting a decrease of 63%. The implementation of SMED was carried out through several stages, including converting internal activities to external ones, which aimed to reduce machine downtime. Optimization of the remaining activities was also carried out, such as reducing the temperature drop time on the barrel and hot runner, which previously took 15 minutes, now only 5 minutes. The final results showed that machine downtime cost savings reached Rp11,200,000 per month after the implementation of SMED, with total downtime costs decreasing from Rp30,274,999 to Rp19,074,999 per month. This study proves that implementing the SMED method can significantly improve time efficiency, reduce production costs, and create more efficient operational standards. The findings provide a solid basis for further development in industry manufacturing practices.
Correction of the Spinal Generator Work
Authors: I Bon Elizaveta
Published: January 2025

The study of the spinal cord is an important field of activity in neurology and neurobiology. Its functional activity is necessary for the normal functioning of a living organism. This article presents data on the work of nerve impulse generators in the spinal cord.
Systematic Review of Conductive Hearing Loss Associated With COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Amin Susan
Published: January 2025

Background

Conductive hearing loss is when sounds to the middle ear are affected. The aim of this study is to identify patients with (COVID-19) with a diagnosis of conductive hearing loss (CHL) with an objective to assaying connected mechanisms.

Methods

A systematic review was composed using sites including Google Scholar and PubMed. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were adhered to. Studies that followed the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the review. Of the ten papers identified in the starting search, eight met the inclusion criteria. The included eight articles consisted of three case reports, a case series, a prospective study, a retrospective cross-sectional study, a retrospective observational analytical study, and a cross sectional observation study.

Results

All patients were Covid -19 positive and exhibited CHL. In terms of the middle ear effects relating to the hearing loss, abnormalities noted included tympanic membrane disfunction and abnormal tympanometry. In terms of treatment three studies out of the eight reported hearing loss cleared between 6 weeks and 3 months The other studies reported no treatment information of hearing loss. In terms of associated conditions these included tinnitus, Otitis media, hypertension, and mastoiditis.

Discussion and conclusion

Evidence does point towards a connection between COVID 19 and conductive hearing loss. The current literature describing conductive hearing loss in COVID-19 patients is not enough to elucidate the type of hearing loss or advise about the outcomes. Future research requires a larger sample study with controls.
Nucleic Acids’ Sequences, Molecules, Metabolism, Bases, Synthesis, Content, Polymer, Amplification and Detection in Forensic Science
Authors: Heidari Alireza
Published: January 2025

The paper affords the consequences of a list of questions survey carried out with the aid of The (extremely cautious, crime-solving, technological know-how-based) laboratory of the country wide Bureau of (act of asking questions and trying to find the fact about something) (NBI-FL), aiming to get a precis of the modern-day reputation of (related to surrounding conditions or the health of the Earth) (extraordinarily careful, crime-solving, technological know-how-based totally) technology (EFS) and (related to surrounding situations or the health of the Earth) crimes (act of asking questions and trying to find the fact approximately something) inside the (associated with Europe) network of (extremely cautious.
Role And Applications of Nanoparticles, Microfabrication and Free Radicals in Designing Materials for Biology and Medicine
Authors: Heidari Alireza
Published: January 2025

Superstar polymers with (honestly seen/really understood) molecular (associated with the stunning layout and creation of homes, and so on) had been widely studied inside the remaining two decades. Of particular interest has been processing-shape-property relationships of famous person polymers inside the thin movie shape and their capacity makes use of inside the area of (have a look at of dwelling things/characteristics of residing things) and medicinal drug. This review provides the (the first-rate design to be had now) of research on nano- and microlayers of superstar polymers on solid (helping structures/chemical substances being changed) explored within the last twenty years.
Integration and application of artificial intelligence tools in the Moodle platform: A theoretical exploration
Authors: Kaleci Devkan
Published: January 2025

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into Learning Management Systems (LMS) represents a transformative advancement in contemporary education, enhancing personalization, efficiency, and interactivity. This study presents a systematic methodology for integrating AI technologies into the Moodle LMS. Moodle 4.5 was selected as the LMS owing to its modular architecture, flexibility, scalability, and integrated AI tools. This paper delineates the technical and pedagogical steps necessary for a successful integration process, including the installation of plug-ins, integration of APIs, customization of the system, and configuration of the AI menu. Moodle 4.5 simplifies the deployment and utilization of AI functionalities, offering an intuitive framework for creating dynamic and adaptive learning environments. AI integration improves student engagement, enables personalized learning pathways, and facilitates data-driven instructional decisions. However, challenges such as data privacy concerns, algorithmic biases, and infrastructural demands require ethical frameworks, interdisciplinary collaboration, and educator training to ensure responsible implementation. This study concludes that AI integration into platforms like Moodle can redefine educational paradigms, fostering inclusive and future-ready learning environments. Recommendations include investments in robust infrastructure and the adoption of ethical strategies to maximize AI's transformative impact while upholding pedagogical integrity and equity.
"Breaking a Dog’s Neck" as a Metaphor for Oppressing the Weak. An Exegetical-Historical Analysis of the Expression ערף כלב (Isa 66:3)
Authors: Jędrzejczak Andrzej Łukasz
Published: January 2025

This paper analyses Isa 66:3 and presents a new interpretation of the expression ערף כלב “breaks a dog’s neck.” There are various proposals to explain this enigmatic expression. One points, for example, to a possible ritual in which dogs were to be sacrificed by breaking their necks. This ritual was supposed to have been practised in the ancient Levant, including the Israelites/Judahites. This explanation is called into question in this article. It is pointed out that the phrase can be understood as a metaphor for people who impinge on the dignity of others. The exegesis of biblical texts, the examples cited from ancient Near Eastern literature, and the analysis of archaeological material indicate that this expression may have a different meaning from that hitherto accepted.
Gioachino Rossini, Gaetano Donizetti and Vincenzo Bellini: A comparative study of their libretto themes
Authors: Tziboula Areti , Rentzeperi Tsonou Anna Maria
Published: January 2025

This research examines the libretto choices of the pioneer composers of early 19th century Italian opera Rossini, Donizetti, and Bellini. It focuses on how historical, cultural, and social factors influenced their work and helped shape Italian opera. Employing a comparative approach, the study analyzes various operas by these composers to reveal how themes, adaptations, and characterizations differ across their librettos. Historical and literary analysis alongside stylistic exploration highlights common themes and innovations. The librettos were largely inspired by classical literature from French and English authors as Belloy, Voltaire and Scott and the German poet Schiller. They were often adapted or dramatized to fit the operatic format. The recurring themes centered on love and hatred, frequently set against historical backdrops or infused into religious contexts. Rossini’s operas range from the Trojan War to the Crusades, Donizetti’s cover nearly all of European history, whereas Bellini’s are primarily set in the Medieval period. Presentation factors like location and audience expectations influenced both the genre and style of operas. Rossini and Donizetti often adapting their works for different theaters and regions. In contrast, Bellini did not adapt his works, focusing only on subjects that inspired him personally. Censorship also impacted storylines and endings. All three composers occasionally engaged with mythological themes reinterpreted with Romantic or supernatural elements. In terms of character development, each composer approached heroines differently. Rossini’s early heroines are gentle, evolving into more complex femme fatale figures. Donizetti presents complex women, such as queens with contrasting roles. Bellini’s female characters often suffer due to the violent or unstable behavior of men. A common feature among all is the “mad scene” reflecting intense emotional strain. Nationalism is subtly addressed, with direct references usually avoided. Regarding opera buffa, Rossini and Donizetti revitalized the genre with contemporary settings and humor. On the contrary Bellini did not engage with it.
Barrier from the Side of Stunting Management Policy in Rural Areas of Indonesia: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Tage Petrus Kanisius Siga , Febriyanti Erna
Published: January 2025

This study examines the factors hindering effective stunting management in rural Indonesia, with a particular focus on government policy. Despite ongoing efforts, inadequate attention has been given to key policy-related challenges, including cross-sectoral coordination, merit-based recruitment, budget allocation, and community-based education. This study aims to identify policy barriers that hinder the implementation of stunting mitigation efforts in rural Indonesia. The method used A qualitative approach with a phenomenological design was employed. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 32 purposively selected participants, including regional and sub-district heads, village chiefs, health department leaders, and community health center directors, from January to August 2023. The results show that the analysis identified five primary barriers to stunting management: (1) Regulatory inconsistencies, including overlapping inter-agency guidelines that create ambiguity in implementation; (2) Human resource limitations, characterized by a shortage of skilled personnel and nepotistic recruitment practices; (3) Structural and institutional barriers, such as bureaucratic inefficiencies and inter-agency conflicts of interest; (4) Misallocated funding, driven by corruption and weak oversight, leading to ineffective budget distribution; and (5) Community-related factors, including poverty, low nutritional awareness, and unsupportive cultural practices. The conclusion is The conclusion is to addressing these barriers is essential for improving stunting management in rural Indonesia. Enhancing policy consistency, strengthening institutional frameworks, and improving resource allocation are key to overcoming existing challenges. The study recommends periodic regulatory evaluations, enhanced cross-sectoral coordination, and alignment of national policies with local needs. Establishing community-based recruitment and training systems through strategic partnerships could mitigate human resource constraints. Strengthening anti-corruption measures through independent oversight and digital reporting systems. Finally, fostering sustained community education through sociocultural approaches and local leader involvement is critical to increasing awareness and participation in stunting prevention efforts.
Isparta merkezi iş alanı örneğinde görsel kirliliğin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Çetinkaya Sema
Published: January 2025

İnsanların doğayla olan ilişkisi insanın yerleşik hayata geçmesiyle değişmiş olup “doğal çevre”nin tükenmek bilmeyen bir rezerv olduğu anlayışıyla doğal çevre şekillendirilmektedir. Doğal ortamın bu şekilde kullanımı sonucunda insanlara fayda sağlamayan ve doğal çevrenin kendini yenileme süreciyle uyumlu olmayan sistemlerin oluşmasına neden olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Bu ortamlardan en yaygın olanı kentler, plansız ve düzensiz şekilde oluşturulduğunda; sanayileşme, enerji üretimi, nüfus artışı, hızlı kentleşme ile ortaya çıkışından taşınmasına ve depolanmasına kadar geçen süreçteki atık yönetimi konularında sorunlarla karşılaşılmaktadır. Böylece yaşanabilirliği olumsuz etkileyen, sağlıksız ve kentsel mimariyle uyumsuz mekânlar oluşmaktadır. Ticari faaliyetlerin yoğun bir biçimde gerçekleştiği Merkezi İş Alanları (MİA), görsel kirlilik gibi bir uyumsuzluğun gözlenebildiği yerlerdir. Bu araştırmanın amacı; Isparta kenti merkezi iş alanında, görsel kirliliğe yol açan ögelerin belirlenmesidir. Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. İş yerlerine ait tabelalar ön plana çıkma gayretinden dolayı estetik görünümden uzaklaşmaktadır. Bunun sonucunda binaların dış cephelerini kaplayan, birbiriyle uyumsuz ticari levhalar hâkim görüntü sergilemektedir. Bu noktada dükkânların dış cephe ölçüleri standartlaştırılarak onlara uygun pano ve levha ölçüleri yerel yönetimlerce belirlenebilir. Görsel kirlilik hakkında hazırlanmış posterlerin ilan panoları aracılığıyla sergilenmesi sağlanabilir.
Alışveriş merkezlerine heterotopya perspektifinden bakmak
Authors: Belge Rauf
Published: January 2025

Modern dönemin yeni yaşam kalıpları, yeni heterotopik mekânları ortaya çıkarmıştır. Günümüzün kentlerini anlamada önemli bir araç haline gelen heterotopyalar, neredeyse kentin her tarafına sirayet etmiştir. Müzeler, tema parkları, alışveriş merkezleri, tatil köyleri, güvenlikli siteler, sağlıklı yaşam otelleri ve festivaller bu anlamda öne çıkan mekânlardan birkaçıdır. Özellikle alışveriş ve ticarete tahsis edilen mekânlar, heterotopik özellikleriyle ön plana çıkmıştır. Son dönemlerde kentsel alanın doğal bir parçası haline gelen AVM’ler, sayıları ve büyüklükleri artmasına karşın, çevresine göre başkalaşmış ve farklılaşmış mekânlardır. Türkiye metropolleri ve diğer Anadolu kentlerinde sayıları giderek çoğalan AVM’leri heterotopik bir yaklaşımla ele alan bu çalışma, gündelik hayatın ayrılmaz bir parçası haline gelen tüketim merkezlerine farklı bir bakış açısı sunmaktadır. Bir tüketim mekânı olan AVM’lerin disiplin, kapalılık ve yanılsama gibi nitelikleriyle nasıl heterotopik bir kimliğe büründüğü tartışılmıştır. Çalışmanın teorik arka planını heterotopya, uygulama alanını ise alışveriş merkezleri oluşturmuştur. İstanbul, Ankara, Adana, Afyonkarahisar ve Denizli kentlerinde seçilen AVM’lerde yerinde gözlem yapılarak, bu mekanlar heterotopya perspektifinden analiz edilmiştir. Bu çalışma ile beraber, farklı mimari şekillere, açılma ve kapanma sistemlerine, kendine has mekânsal özelliklere sahip olmasının yansıra linguistik açıdan farklı olması, farklı mekânları bir arada bulundurması ve toplumsal normların dışına çıkılmasından dolayı AVM’ler heterotopik bir mekân olarak nitelendirilmiştir.
TR63 bölgesinde endüstriyel yoğunlaşmanın sektörel ve mekânsal analizi: Kahramanmaraş ili değerlendirmeleri
Authors: Urhan Fatma Betül , Sandal Ersin Kaya
Published: January 2025

Mekânsal birimleri birbirinden farklılaştıran coğrafi özellikleri, endüstriyel aktivitelerin yer seçimi ve gelişimi üzerinde belirleyicidir. Ulusal ekonomide endüstriyel sektörlerin coğrafi yoğunlaşması, yoğunlaşmanın görüldüğü mekânsal birimlerin rekabetçi potansiyeline işaret eder. Mekânsal yoğunlaşma ve sektörel uzmanlaşmaların tespit edilmesi bölgesel kalkınma plan ve politikalarının oluşturulması sürecine katkı sunar. Çalışmada İBBS TR63 düzey-2 bölgesinde endüstriyel sektörlerin yoğunlaşma düzeylerinin analiz edilmesi ve bölgeyi oluşturan illerden Kahramanmaraş’ın endüstrileşme sürecinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Mekânsal yer seçimi 1970-2023 arası zaman periyodlarında incelenmiştir. Sektörler yoğunlaşmış, yoğunlaşmaya aday ve yoğunlaşmamış olarak sınıflandırılmak amacıyla yerel birim, çalışan kişi sayısı ve ciro göstergeleri olmak üzere üç farklı parametrede yerellik katsayısı yöntemiyle 2009, 2015 ve 2023 yılları için karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre 2023 yılında 11, 13, 16, 19, 20, 21, 23, 25 kodlu sektörler yoğunlaşmıştır. Kahramanmaraş’ta firmaların yer seçimi il, ilçe ve kent içi ölçeğinde betimleyici ve açıklayıcı istatistik teknikleriyle analiz edilmiştir. Bulgulara göre yer seçiminde merkezi eğilim istatistiksel olarak merkez ilçe sınırları içerisindedir.
Decay Characteristics of Neutron-Excess Manganese Nuclei
Authors: Bevelacqua Joseph
Published: January 2025

The properties of neutron excess manganese nuclei are determined utilizing a single-particle model. Single particle model calculations predict that A = 70 – 88 neutron excess manganese systems form bound systems that have limiting beta decay half-lives in the range of 0.318 – 11.8 ms. Model half-life results for the A = 70 – 77 manganese nuclei are within a factor of two of the predictions of the Japanese Nuclear Data Compilation calculations. The single particle model calculations include alpha, beta, positron, electron capture, and spontaneous fission decay modes. Neutron emission decay modes that have short half-lives are not readily determined by the model, and were not evaluated. The omission of these short-lived neutron emission decay modes implies that the single particle model calculations could overestimate the half-lives of neutron excess A = 70 – 88 manganese nuclei.
Metrologically significant software for evaluating the accuracy characteristics of ground-based laser coordinate measuring systems: initial assessment of functionality
Authors: Donchenko S. I. , Mazurkevich A. V. , Lesnichenko V. I.
Published: January 2025

An experimental analysis of the software used to calculate the coordinates of the centers of reference spheres using laser coordinate measuring systems was performed. It was found that the analyzed software of the manufacturers of laser coordinate measuring systems is redundant in functionality and is intended for the implementation of a complex of large scientific and educational projects, but is not intended to solve the problems of metrological support of laser coordinate measuring systems. The considered software examples are not metrological programs and require optimization for their use for metrology purposes. The problem of high-precision processing of measurement data (three- dimensional point clouds) when assessing the metrological characteristics of ground-based laser coordinate measuring systems was solved. Software (an algorithm for processing measurement results) was developed that allows determining the coordinates of the center of the reference sphere with a reserve of metrological accuracy sufficient for calibration by the main characteristic of measuring instruments such as absolute trackers and scanners. An algorithm implemented in the MATLAB software environment is proposed, which allows one to recognize a sphere from a set of measured spatial data and calculate the coordinates of its center location, thereby qualitatively assessing the main metrological characteristic of laser coordinate measuring systems. The results of an experiment using the proposed algorithm for calculating the coordinates of the centers of reference spheres included in the reference complex of three-dimensional measurements (coordinate measurements, coordinate increments) in the range of 0–60 m from the State primary special standard of a unit of length GET 199-2024 are presented. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is confirmed by the results of real measurements. In the future, the developed algorithm will be included in the special software, which will find application in the work of standardization and metrology centers, as well as accredited metrology laboratories, and will allow us to come to a unified method for processing the results of measurements of absolute trackers, terrestrial laser scanners and their analogues.
Effects of Biochar Amendment on CO2 Evolution in Four Ecotypes of Leyte Sab-A Basin Peatland, Philippines
Authors:   Department of Natural Sciences, Eastern Visayas State University, Tacloban City, Philippines, Bobon-Carnice Pearl Aphrodite , Socias Grechelle N. ,   Department of Chemistry, Eastern Visayas State University, Tacloban City, Philippines, Corcilles Mary Yolle S. ,   Department of Natural Sciences, Eastern Visayas State University, Tacloban City, Philippines, Abaño Trisha Keith B. ,   Department of Natural Sciences, Eastern Visayas State University, Tacloban City, Philippines, Espanta Uzzel Maureen H. ,   Department of Natural Sciences, Eastern Visayas State University, Tacloban City, Philippines
Published: January 2025

Atmospheric carbon cycle criticisms are significant liabilities in existing predictions of future climate. Carbon dioxide (CO2) discharges caused by climate warming through dense peat stores will frame a stable positive carbon cycle–atmospheric input. An experimental-descriptive analytical method was used to acquire data on quantifying the amount of CO2 evolved in the four adjacent ecotypes of Leyte Sab-A Basin Peatland (LSBP), Philippines, both with and without biochar incorporation. Results showed that after 120 days of incubation, the CO2 evolved between ecotypes measured 0.73 mg CO2/g, 0.31 mg CO2/g, 0.23 mg CO2/g, and 0.20 mg CO2/g for TML (marshland), TPF (peat forest), TAL (agricultural land), and TMV (mixed vegetation), respectively. In comparison, treatments with biochar were 0.81 mg CO2/g, 0.57 mg CO2/g, 0.46 mg CO2/g, and 0.43 mg CO2/g for TMLB (marshland+biochar), TPFB, TMVB, and TALB, respectively. Results rendered significant differences between ecotypes, and between those with added biochar (p-value: 1.8E-06). This study concludes that TML with and without biochar had the highest evolved CO2 over time, implying the best ecosystem preservation among the ecotypes. For future studies, these findings establish a scientific basis for adaptive response assessment of peatlands to climate change, and for decisions made in support of policy changes.
СОЦІАЛЬНА ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНІСТЬ БІЗНЕСУ В УМОВАХ ЗЕЛЕНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ
Authors: Пшибельський Володимир , Колосок Андрій , Шматковська Тетяна
Published: January 2025

У статті розглянуто сучасні підходи до інтеграції екологічних принципів у стратегії корпоративної відповідальності підприємств в контексті їх ролі у вирішенні екологічних проблем виробництва. Досліджено взаємозв’язок між екологічними ініціативами бізнесу, ефективним використанням ресурсів та економічною конкурентоспроможністю. Розкрито роль соціальної відповідальності бізнесу у формуванні екологічно свідомої корпоративної культури, що сприяє досягненню Цілей сталого розвитку ООН. Визначено інструменти, які допомагають підприємствам відповідати вимогам «зеленої» економіки на основі запровадження принципів циркулярної економіки та прозорості бізнес-процесів. Розглянуто перешкоди, з якими стикаються підприємства під час адаптації до екологічних стандартів, та запропоновано механізми подолання цих бар’єрів. Доведено необхідність формування державно-приватного партнерства для формування сприятливих умов впровадження соціальної відповідальності у контексті «зеленої» економіки для забезпечення екологічної стійкості.
МЕХАНІЗМ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ФІНАНСОВОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАД: ТЕОРЕТИЧНА КОНЦЕПТУАЛІЗАЦІЯ
Authors: Чичура Марія
Published: January 2025

У статті розглянуто особливості забезпечення фінансової безпеки територіальних громад. Визначено сутність фінансової безпеки територіальних громад в умовах децентралізації. Проведено критичний аналіз наукових підходів вітчизняних вчених до розуміння сутності механізму фінансової безпеки територіальних громад та їх структуризації. Запропоновано авторське бачення механізму фінансової безпеки територіальних громад. Обґрунтовано, що у структурі механізму фінансової безпеки територіальних громад доцільно виокремити дві складові: організаційно-правовий механізм фінансової безпеки та фінансовий механізм фінансової безпеки територіальних громад. Ідентифіковані у статті механізми забезпечення фінансової безпеки територіальних громад дозволили визначити пріоритетні напрямки її зміцнення.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ ПРИВАБЛИВОСТІ БУДІВЕЛЬНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Authors: П’ятночка Борис
Published: January 2025

Стаття досліджує теоретичні аспекти інвестиційної привабливості будівельних підприємств, зокрема визначення її сутності та основних факторів, що впливають на формування цієї привабливості в контексті будівельної галузі. Наведено основні підходи щодо визначення сутності інвестиційної привабливості підприємстві, серед яких виділено: як можливість для інвесторів, як ефективність і доцільність вкладення коштів, як порівняльний показник та як сукупність факторів. Окремо розглядаються фінансова стабільність, технічний потенціал, юридичні умови, ризики та інноваційний розвиток як ключові складові інвестиційної привабливості. Автори також підкреслюють важливість державного регулювання та його вплив на галузь. Визначено, що будівельні підприємства мають високу інвестиційну залежність через капіталомісткість проектів, а також довгостроковий характер і необхідність адаптації до змін у політичному та економічному середовищі.
МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ОЦІНКИ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАДАХ
Authors: Линдюк Андрій
Published: January 2025

У статті розглянуто методологічні підходи до оцінки ефективності підприємницької діяльності в територіальних громадах в умовах децентралізації. Визначено, що підприємництво є ключовим чинником сталого розвитку громад, формування їх фінансової самостійності, створення робочих місць та підвищення добробуту населення. Запропоновано багатофакторну методологію оцінювання, яка враховує економічні, соціальні, екологічні та інноваційні аспекти. Розроблено систему показників, яка дозволяє інтегрувати ці аспекти для повноцінної оцінки впливу підприємництва на громаду. Обґрунтовано, що застосування методів багатокритеріального аналізу забезпечує точність та адаптивність до місцевих умов. Результати дослідження є основою для подальших наукових розробок у сфері управління підприємництвом на рівні територіальних громад.
РІЗНІ ТИПИ КОНЦЕПЦІЙ ТА СТАНДАРТИ РЕСТОРАНУ
Authors: Олійник Ольга
Published: January 2025

У цій статті ми розберемо визначення концепції кожного ресторану різного типу, їхній середній ціновий діапазон і демографічні показники клієнтів, щоб ви могли почати визначати власну концепцію ресторанного господарства для свого бізнесу. І коли ви визначитеся з концепцією, ви можете скористатися нашим контрольним списком для розробки концепції ресторану, щоб переконатися, що ви робите правильний вибір для свого бізнесу. Звернена увага на проблему повсякденних ресторанів швидкого харчування, які націлені на молодих спеціалістів, які зайняті, але також екологічно та соціально свідомі. Також у статті ми обговорюємо потенційні переваги високоякісних ресторанних стандартів. Ми також пояснюємо, як підприємства громадського харчування можуть оновити свої існуючі оперативні вказівки та перелічуємо контрольні списки, які можуть максимально вплинути на показники задоволеності клієнтів. Звернена увага на подальший розвиток ресторанного господарства з найбільшою прибутковістю.