bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Religious Obligations among Healthcare Workers in Hospital Langkawi, Malaysia
Authors: J Hafiz , MR Dzulkhairi , MA Shamsir , N Abu
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Islamic prayers involve certain physical movements and positions. These positions may be difficult to achieve in Muslim patients who suffer from any illness that limit their physical movements. Therefore, Islam introduced the concept of Rukhsah or exemptions. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of healthcare workers related to performing prayers during illness. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 121 healthcare workers in Hospital Langkawi, between 22nd to 24th April 2014. Simple random sampling method was used to select the participants among healthcare workers in Hospital Langkawi to attend a workshop on Rukhsah Ibadah. The participants were given a set of questionnaire to answer and all the data were collected just before the talk began. Results: The majority of the participants 108 (89.3%) were female and more than half of them 74 (61.2%) were staff nurses. The mean age for the participants was 32.4 (SD: 9.42) years. About 73 (60.3%) of the participants have good knowledge, 62 (51.2%) have good attitude and 73 (60.3%) have good practice towards religious obligations and Rukhsah. Bivariate analysis shows no correlation between age and knowledge, attitude and practice score. There was also no correlation seen between knowledge, attitude and practice score. Conclusion: Almost half of the participants have good knowledge, attitude and practice on performing prayers during illness. By conducting proper training and coaching, it is hoped that their level of understanding towards Rukhsah can be improved.
Gore-Tex Medialisation Thyroplasty for Unilateral Vocal Cord Palsy: A Tertiary Centre 7 Years Experience
Authors: NPS Dayangku , MB Marina , A Mawaddah , WP Sharifa Ezat , S Abdullah
Published: November 2020

Background: The resultant dysphonia and aspiration in unilateral vocal cord palsy can be overcome with medialisation thyroplasty. With this background, we aim to determine the aetiology of the unilateral vocal cord palsy and effectiveness of the phonosurgical procedure with Gore-Tex as a sole treatment. Methods: Within a seven year period, 37 Gore-Tex medialisation thyroplasty were performed for unilateral vocal cord palsy at our institution and medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Results: There were 18 males and 19 females with mean age of 48.7 years (range 19–81 years). The predominant aetiology was thyroidectomy (43.2%) with benign thyroid disease predominates (n=13) over thyroid malignancy (n=3). Voice outcome was evaluated subjectively using visual analogue scoring system, results indicating that Gore-Tex medialisation thyroplasty was effective in addressing dysphonia in 62.5% (n=15) patients. However it alone cannot address aspiration seen in those with high vagal nerve lesion. Airway compromise occurred in two cases postoperatively (5.4%) presenting as acute stridor. Conclusion: In unilateral vocal cord palsy, Gore-Tex medialisation thyroplasty can effectively improve the resultant dysphonia and often accompanying aspiration which would otherwise be disabling for the patients.
Psycho-social and Spiritual Backgrounds, Experiences, and Needs as a Transsexual: A Qualitative Study within Persatuan Insaf Pahang
Authors: S Draman , S Maliya , A Liyana , S Farhani , R Jannah , Razman MR
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Transsexuals face discriminations and rejections from the Malaysian society. The number of studies done on understanding the phenomenology, experiences, and problems faced by transsexuals is still few in Malaysia. This research aims to document their psycho-social and spiritual backgrounds and the relevant experiences, and to explore their perceptions and needs as male-to-female transsexuals in the context of Persatuan Insaf Pahang, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A qualitative research was carried out in July and August 2015 among eight male-to-female transsexual adults in Kuantan, Pahang. Snowball sampling was used. Participants who gave consent were interviewed in two focus groups. Data obtained was transcribed and used as the primary data source. Results: Subjects in this study reported confusions over their gender identity since childhood. They struggled against conflicts regarding their transsexuality in adolescence, and eventually many quit their studies. As adults, they were discriminated against in employment and religious settings. They provided positive feedbacks on religious authorities who could understand problems unique to transsexuals and empathise with the transsexual community. Conclusion: The psycho-sexual phenomenology is the same in transsexuals all over the world. Misunderstanding and discrimination from the society remain heavy towards this community. Transsexuals should learn to adapt to meeting expectations from the society as well, so they could be accepted in public. They will need religious guidance and spiritual support for better quality of life. Dedicated efforts are still needed in training professionals in the educational, medical, and religious fields to attend to the specific needs of transsexuals in this country.
Detection rate of Pneumococcal Pneumonia using the Urine Antigen Kit BinaxNow Streptococcus Pneumoniae Test: a Prospective Cohort Study in a Tertiary Hospital in Malaysia
Authors: AH Mohamed Faisal , P Petrick , Ban Andrea YL , AM Roslina
Published: November 2020

Background: Pneumococcal pneumonia is the commonest type of bacterial pneumonia worldwide. In Malaysia, the reported incidence of pneumococcal pneumonia is low. This may be due to poor sensitivity of conventional methods. The use of BinaxNOW, a urinary antigen test for Streptococcus pneumoniae can aid in the diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia. Objective: To determine the detection rate of pneumococcal pneumonia using BinaxNOW kit and to compare this with the conventional culture method for blood and sputum. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study involving patients 18 year-old and above admitted for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) or health-care associated pneumonia (HCAP) to UKMMC between December 2011 and June 2012. BinaxNOW test, serology for Mycoplasma, Legionella and Chlamydia and cultures from blood/sputum/other respiratory tract samples and other routine investigations were performed. Results: A total of 102 patients were recruited; 89 (87.3%) with CAP, 13 (12.7%) with HCAP. 57 (55.9%) had pneumonia of unknown aetiology, 11 patients (10.8%) had positive blood cultures, 8 patients (7.8%) had a positive urine BinaxNOW test and 6 patients (5.9%) had positive sputum cultures. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the commonest isolate accounting for 9 cases (8.8%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae in 7 cases (6.9%). 8 out of 9 patients with positive urine BinaxNOW test had negative cultures for Streptococcus pneumoniae. One patient grew Streptococcus pneumoniae from the tracheal aspirate however the urine BinaxNOW test was negative. Conclusion: The use of urine BinaxNOW kit in UKMMC increased the detection rate of pneumococcal pneumonia in hospitalized patients.
Re-Emergence of Tetanus in a District Referral Hospital
Authors: HH Ariff , A Verghese , CMK Brian
Published: November 2020

Tetanus is an acute, potentially fatal disease caused by Clostridium tetani. It is characterized by generalized, painful spasms and rigidity of skeletal muscles. We present two fatal cases and discuss the potential causes that lead to mortality in cases of tetanus infection.
Integration of Naqli and Aqli in Microbiology Teaching: Sharing the Experience
Authors: Mohamed Nurul Azmawati , Sani Anuar , Shahida Wan , Ismail Zarini , Isahak Ilina , Alias Norazman
Published: November 2020

Background: In line with Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia’s (USIM) tagline ‘Exploring Islamic Science, Spearheading Knowledge’, we embarked on a new paradigm of teaching by integrating naqli components into the microbiology and immunology curriculum. The main objective of this integration was to enhance students’ appreciation towards Islam and Science, so that they would become good Muslim doctors. The naqli components were delivered through various teaching and learning techniques such as lectures, seminars, and online assignments. Methods: A total of eighty year 3 students from Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, USIM were involved in this study. They were exposed to the new method of teaching for the whole academic year, session 2014/ 2015. The effectiveness of this program was evaluated through questionnaires, given at the end of academic session. Outcome: More than 90% students agreed that the integration were clearly delivered, relevant to the topics at hand and enhanced their knowledge. Most students (>90%) preferred interactive lectures rather than students’ initiated method such as seminar and speaker’s corner. About two third of the students did not prefer online method. Moreover, 15.9% of them said the allotted time was insufficient and 46% agreed that there was inadequate resources in the library. Conclusions: The integration of naqli components into microbiology subject was favoured by students. However, it should be improved with allocation of more slots, upgrading of online system and increment of relevant library resources. Looking forward, we are convinced this is the way to go in producing holistic doctors equipped with necessary knowledge, both in aqli and naqli to further advance Medicine and Islam.
Southeast Asian countries in counteraction the global epidemic COVID-19
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of science (MOSCOW), Mosyakov D.V.
Published: November 2020

The article provides an analytical overview of the measures taken by the countries of Southeast Asia in countering the global epidemic of the coronavirus COVID-19. In his work, the author pointed out not only the factors of the development of the pandemic that unite all the countries of the region, but also the differences in the measures of countering the modern global pandemic associated with the peculiarities of the development of one or another state of Southeast Asia.
Covid-19 в Таиланде и борьба с его последствиями
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of science (MOSCOW), Fomicheva E.A.
Published: November 2020

The author presents a picture of the spread of coronavirus in Thailand by time and territory. It characterizes the features of its development and raises the question of the causes of a fairly easy course of the pandemic in Thailand. The actions of the authorities to combat the incidence of the virus are assessed as quite satisfactory. Estimates of possible losses in the economy of a country experiencing a slowdown in growth rates, which is complicated by an unprecedented drought and pandemic, especially in the tourism industry, are given. The article also discusses strategic policy directions to overcome the current negative phenomena in the economy.
The Content of a Lecture Course in Linguistics and Culture Studies at a Language University (On the Example of German Linguistics and Culture Studies)
Authors: Ivanova N. V.
Published: November 2020

The article provides a theoretical basis for planning a lecture course in linguistic and cultural studies in a language university in accordance with the socialization process of a foreign linguistic personality. The aim of the course is to familiarize students with the elements of the worldview of native speakers of the target language. The focus on socialization makes it possible to combine various approaches to teaching regional studies within the framework of the lecture course, to consider the culture of the country of the target language in the contexts of globalization, regionalization and digitalization, and to pay attention to the language coding of culturally important concepts. The article lists both the framework conditions for learning that affect the components of the content, and the socio-cultural requirements for the selection of topics and materials. In addition, recommendations are given for compiling lists of lexical items with culturally specific labeling.
Intonation of Classroom Interaction in the Primary School of Scotland
Authors: Pavlova A. K. , Freydina E. L.
Published: November 2020

Intonation of classroom communication is viewed within the framework of discourse approach. The study investigates intonation in interactional dimension with regard to speech situation, specific features of pedagogical discourse in primary school, social and cultural parameters. Basing on the data of perception analysis the authors focus on the extralinguistic factors that determine frequent use of rising terminal tones in the discourse addressed to young children. Special attention is given to the institutional principles and norms of teacher-student interaction in primary schools of Scotland. The article contains an overview of the main tendencies in the intonation of primary school teachers, determined by their professional background, regional accent and new pronunciation trends. Approaches to multidisciplinary study of discourse intonation are outlined.
Clinical course and disease outcomes in hospitalized patients with 2019 novel corona virus disease at Ibn- Al Khateeb Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq
Authors: Mohammed Iman Ahmed , Ali Abbas Hasan , Al shenaty Jaafer Naseer
Published: November 2020

Background: the novel coronavirus (2019-ncov), formally known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2), the etiological cause of the (corona virus disease 2019) covid-19, appeared in wuhan, hubei province, china. On 11 march 2020, the world health organization (who) declared this disease as a pandemic. As new information on the clinical characteristics, treatment options, and outcomes for covid-19 emerges approximately every hour, physicians should keep themselves up-to-date on this topic.Objective: to study the demographic features, clinical signs and symptoms and certain vital and laboratory findings of covid-19 hospitalized cases; and to identify the used medication, complications, length of stay at the hospital and disease outcomes of confirmed covid-19 cases.Patients and methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study with analytic elements was conducted at ibn-al khateeb hospital, baghdad on covid-19 patients admitted to the hospital from 1st of march to 4th of may 2020. All inpatients of all age groups, diagnosed as covid-19 and had a definite outcome (recovered and discharge or death) during the period of the study were included.Results: the mean age ± sd for the patients included in the study was = 37.9±18.85 years, with 51.2% being males. The outcome was statistically significantly associated with age, marital status, hypertension, disease severity at admission and length of stay at hospital.Conclusion: this study found that age was associated with disease outcome. Care, attention and monitoring should be taken into consideration for hypertensive patients. Patients’ initial signs and symptoms of dyspnea, weakness and sore throat were significantly associated with disease outcome.
Winning or Losing?
Authors: Moitra Stefan
Published: November 2020

The history of the West German coal mining industry since the late 1950s can be seen as a story of industrial decline and at the same time as a success story for a corporatist politics of “social responsibility”. The mining trade union together with the state and the companies all participated in sustaining a mode of shrinkage that allowed to avoid sudden mass unemployment and keep up a slow fading of the industry over six decades. This process, however, was a matter of constant re-negotiation. Calling on the principle of social responsibility constituted a crucial element in the moral economy of industrial decline. Yet the state’s structural and financial support for the mining communities went along with changing work environments and increased pressures for the mine workers. This article juxtaposes the memories of shop stewards, trade union officials and other workers’ representatives who had to negotiate such terms of industrial change with the narratives of mine workers and employees subjected to these measures. It asks for the extent to which the narratives and interpretations of mine closure overlap or differ for these two memory collectives.
Intersektionalität: praktisch oder nicht? Kritische Anmerkungen aus Sicht verschiedener Praxisfelder Sozialer Arbeit
Authors: Bronner Kerstin
Published: November 2020

Das Intersektionalitätskonzept wird im akademischen Feld hinsichtlich der Frage nach sozialer Ungleichheit, Macht und Herrschaft mittlerweile breit diskutiert. Dieser Beitrag wird den Fragen nachgehen, ob bzw. wie bekannt das Konzept im Feld der Praxis Sozialer Arbeit ist, wie Praktiker*innen das Konzept im Hinblick auf ihren professionellen Alltag beurteilen und welche Weiterentwicklungen aus ihrer Sicht notwendig wären. Grundlage bildet die Diskussion mit verschiedenen Praxiseinrichtungen der Ostschweiz, welche ich im Zeitraum eines Jahres aufsuchte, um das Konzept vorzustellen und zu diskutieren. Es zeigte sich, dass Intersektionalität als Begriff und Konzept nicht bekannt ist, eine Fokussierung von Mehrfachdiskriminierungen aber sehr wohl praktiziert wird. Als macht- und herrschaftskritisches Analyseinstrument löste der Intersektionalitätsansatz in mehrerer Hinsicht Aha-Erlebnisse bei den Praktiker*innen aus und wurde vor allem für die kritische Selbstreflexion sowie für die Ent-Individualisierungsarbeit von Adressat*innen sehr geschätzt. Weiterentwicklungsbedarf wurde hinsichtlich handlungsbezogener Konsequenzen formuliert.
Gender Health Gap als Folge ungleicher Vernutzungsbedingungen von Arbeitskraft und Arbeitsvermögen
Authors: Becker Karina
Published: November 2020

Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob sich geschlechtsbezogene Ungleichheit zum Nachteil von Frauen nicht nur an Verdienstnachteilen und an eingeschränkten Aufstiegsmöglichkeiten festmachen lässt, sondern auch an den Vernutzungsbedingungen von Arbeitskraft und Arbeitsvermögen und mit ihnen der Gesundheit. Anhand quantitativer und qualitativer arbeitssoziologischer Untersuchungen wird gesundheitliche Ungleichheit geschlechterbezogen erforscht. Es wird gezeigt, dass im Feld der Erwerbsarbeit und im Feld der Sorge- und Hausarbeit Frauen höheren Gesundheitsrisiken ausgesetzt sind als Männer, die Arbeitswelt demnach auch durch einen Gender Health Gap gekennzeichnet ist.
“Please, bring me some coffee”: Illegitimate tasks as the explanation for the relationship between organisational sexism and occupational well-being
Authors: García Johnson Carolina Pía , Otto Kathleen
Published: November 2020

While overt forms of sexism in organisations are on the decline, covert ones are becoming the norm. This article argues that illegitimate tasks are a disguised form of gender-based discrimination and harassment. To support this argument, evidence is provided about the effects of sexism on occupational well-being that are caused by undertaking illegitimate tasks. The authors focus on the relationship between sexist organisational climate and illegitimate tasks and the resulting effects on job satisfaction and irritation. The empirical data used in the analyses were obtained from a cross-sectional study of a sample of German psychologists. After controlling for the effects of gender, the results provided evidence of the negative effects that a sexist organisational climate has on irritation and job satisfaction, mediated by illegitimate tasks.
II - Crónica Internacional
Authors: Brugarola M.
Published: November 2020

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La intervención del Estado en la agricultura
Authors: Raimbault R.
Published: November 2020

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Educación financiera ¡para todos!
Authors: Bozzo Sebastián , Birkner Dominique
Published: November 2020

Educación financiera ¡para todos! Diez historias para entender fácilmente el mundo de las finanzas pretende ser una herramienta que facilite el acceso a contenidos financieros a personas jóvenes y no tan jóvenes. De la mano de las protagonistas, Domi y Fran, y sus experiencias cotidianas, las y los lectores conocerán desde el origen del dinero y los diferentes instrumentos financieros, hasta algunos conceptos importantes sobre la inversión y el ahorro previsional para la vejez.
Mycorrhizae Quantification in Sapelo Island Sand Dunes
Authors: Rubin Alexandra , Angelini Christine
Published: November 2020

Mycorrhizae have played a vital role in plant growth for over millions of years. This fungus forms a symbiotic relationship with the plant roots that stimulate plant growth and root development. This symbiotic relationship suffers in ecosystems, which have been disturbed by human activity resulting in a decline of mycorrhizae. Many journals have been published in accordance to mycorrhizae research, but a knowledge gap has been formed due to the lack of publishing in the 21st century. In the present article, the researcher develop an approach to further understand the concentration of mycorrhizae throughout a sand dune and what effect that has on the community. The motivation behind this research is to gain a better understanding of mycorrhizae’s relative importance in coastal dune systems, especially their role in helping these systems recover from disturbances, such as hurricanes. This review studies closely the quantification of mycorrhizal infection in Sea Oat (Uniola paniculate) and Spartina alterniflora (cord grass) plants found in sand dunes on Sapelo Island, Georgia. This study focuses on two types of plants, with 30 plots from three different sections of the sand dune; beachfront, midlevel, and upper level in the presence of wrack. All roots went through a staining process in the lab in order to visually quantify amounts of vesicles, arbuscules and hyphae. From laboratory observation it is evident there are high levels of infection throughout the plots. Thus, this particular sand dune has relatively healthy plants with high nutrient and water availability despite being exposed to hurricanes.
Examining Caregiver Coping and Clinic Attendance in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Evans Corinne Taylor
Published: November 2020

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), the most common genetic disorder in the U.S., primarily affects youth of African or Latino backgrounds. Regular clinic attendance promotes positive health outcomes in pediatric SCD. Caregivers of youth with SCD endorse high levels of stress that may disrupt clinic attendance. Improved caregiver coping may help address barriers to clinic attendance in SCD families. Sixty-three caregivers and youth (Mage = 13.2, 60.3% male) completed the Responses to Stress Questionnaire- Sickle Cell Disease (RSQ-SC). The RSQ-SC assesses primary control engagement (PCE), secondary control engagement (SCE), and disengagement coping. The researchers tabulated percent of pediatric hematology appointments attended, canceled by patient/provider/due to hospitalization, and no-showed over the past year via medical chart review. Results indicated a significant positive association between caregiver education and percentage of appointments attended (r = .295, p = 0.19). A hierarchical regression revealed that caregiver coping did not predict clinic attendance [F (4, 58) = 2.114, p = 0.091, R2 Δ = 0.040] when controlling for caregiver education. In isolation, caregiver coping may not be an effective target for interventions focused on improving adherence to pediatric hematology appointments.
Patokan harga nilai jual objek pajak di kota Banda Aceh: Analisis perspektif mekanisme harga dalam Islam
Authors: Sari Nilam , Jadidah Ridha
Published: November 2020

Sale Value of Taxable Object (SVTO) is the averageprice obtained from the sale and purchase transactions that occur naturally, and when there is no buying or selling, then SVTO determined through a price comparison with other similar objects or substitution Although in operation, SVTO was not used directly in the case of land purchase, but sometimes the processes and mechanisms involved may violate the concept of buying and selling in Islam, such as the element of coercion and fair price. The researcher was intended to examine on how the processes and mechanisms of release of land by the government of Banda Aceh and how calculations of SVTO to the land purchase and its suitability with the Islamic price mechanism, the researcher conducted interviews with staﬀ of UPTD PBB DPKAD of Banda Aceh. The descriptive analysis method was used in this, and the collecting data were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that in the process and mechanism of release of land, the government does not use SVTO which is based on existing provisions. However, its implementation was done by estimating the real price of the object purchased. Not only that, but also it also referred to other possibilities such as land location. In general, the implementation is legal. The author suggests government to put more emphasis on adequate compensation to the community so that it can cover the costs of looking for a house/new land, the cost of moving, survival, and so on.
Training the Image Classifier with and without Data Augmentation
Authors: Nithya R.
Published: November 2020

The main objective of this paper is to train the image classifier using Convolutional Neural Networks with tensorflow architecture. The proposed paper focus on systematic approaches in classifying the sample set of images using Convolutional Neural Networks. The CNN model with activation function thus classifies the dataset into two categories exactly like human. Thus, the paper highlights the importance of augmentation by comparing their accuracies.
Instagram’da Zamana Yolculuk: Nostalji Algısının Yeniden Üretilmesi ve Tbt’nin Kullanım Pratikleri Üzerine
Authors: Tansel Betül , Kaya Serhat
Published: November 2020

Sosyalleşme ve iletişim devriminin simgesi olan İnternet’in ortak ürünü olan sosyal medya, adeta alacakaranlıkta sürdürülen ilişkiler sayesinde, bireylerin ideolojik ve sosyal baskılardan uzaklaşmasını sağlayarak yeni bir kimlik alanı da açmaktadır. Popüler sanal ağlardan Instagram ise bu makalenin çalışma alanını oluşturmaktadır. Siber uzayda değişen zaman ve mekân algısı nostalji kavramını da değiştirmiştir. Çağdaş nostalji, geçmiş hakkında olmaktan çok yitip giden şimdi hakkında olmaya başlamıştır. Nostaljinin Instagram’a yansımasını ise #tbt etiketinde görmekteyiz. Türkçeye “Ne günlerdi!” olarak çevirebileceğimiz ve açılımı “Throwback Thursday”in kısaltması olan TBT, geçmişten bir güne, eskilere dair fotoğraf yüklemek isteyenlerin kullandığı bir etiket olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Her gün yaklaşık 450 milyon paylaşımın yapıldığı bu etiket üzerinde yaptığımız çalışmada yöntem olarak, yarı yapılandırılmış soru formuyla derinlemesine görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda Instagram alanı üzerinde nostaljinin birkaç günden birkaç seneye uzanan tarih aralığındaki fotoğraflarla yeniden inşa edilse de gerçek hayatta beklenen duygusal tatminin burada gerçekleşmediği görülmüştür
National Interest vs. Online Freedom of Expression: The Discussions of Internet Users on the Blocking of ‘Wikipedia’ in Turkey
Authors: Uzun Ruhdan
Published: November 2020

In 2017, The Information and Communication Technologies Authority (ICTA) blocked online access to the online encyclopedia Wikipedia in Turkey due to its articles and comments that mention Turkey as a country that seems to be in coordination and aligned with various terrorist groups. Since then, the blocking has been criticized by Turkish people as a violation of the right of access to knowledge and a crackdown on online freedom of expression. However, freedom of expression becomes controversial when expression appears to threaten some important national interests. This paper aims at providing a framework for resolving questions about the recognition of online information rights, by finding out the rationale behind online users’ arguments on freedom of expression. In this article, online users’ comments on the blocking of Wikipedia in Turkey are analyzed. The findings reveal that most of the users disapprove the blocking. Both opponents and approvers discussed the issue by putting a broad framework and they put forward very different arguments to justify their attitude.
El cerebro bilingue: El cerebro procesa durante la adquisición del lenguaje
Authors: Gabriotti Rafaela Bepe , Zomignan Rosângela
Published: November 2020

Este trabajo es un estudio sobre la adquisición del lenguaje, los procesos cerebrales involucrados durante su adquisición y el bilingue. El objetivo de esta investigación es comprender mejor cómo dos idiomas están aprendiendo simultáneamente, para que podamos estar mejor preparados para ayudar a los niños durante la adquisición de idiomas, así como para apoyar al maestro y a la familia a través de la base teórica. Aspectos como la organización cortical del lenguaje, las diferencias entre el cerebro bilingue, en comparación con el cerebro monolingual, y la influencia de la interacción social en el aprendizaje linguístico se explican en este trabajo para proporcionar una visión amplia de la adquisición de idiomas bilingues. Para este estudio, elegimos utilizar la investigación bibliográfica de la literatura extranjera, porque no se encontraron suficientes materiales en los portugueses que cubrieran las áreas de estudio contempladas. Los resultados muestran cómo el cerebro procesa la adquisición del lenguaje, muestra la diferencia entre el aprendizaje de dos idiomas simultáneamente y secuencialmente, y presenta cómo se asocian los factores sociales y el lenguaje.
O instituto da Usucapião Extrajudicial como forma de desjudicialização de demandas
Authors: Silva Elaine Apolinário De Amorim
Published: November 2020

O trabalho tem o objetivo de abordar o instituto da usucapião extrajudicial, que foi trazido ao ordenamento jurídico através do Novo Código de Processo Civil de 2015, sob a ótica da desjudicialização de demandas. O método científico a ser aplicado é o dedutivo, analisando de uma forma geral o direito de propriedade e o instituto da Usucapião no Brasil, o processo de desjudicialização no Brasil, e até o processamento da usucapião extrajudicial nas serventias extrajudiciais. O referencial teórico do trabalho, será desenvolvido através de pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisando a doutrina e legislação sobre o tema. O trabalho foi dividido em três capítulos. No primeiro, buscou-se abordar sobre os aspectos gerais do instituto da usucapião no ordenamento jurídico, abordando sobre as suas espécies, e os requisitos legais de cada uma. No segundo capítulo fez uma abordagem a respeito da desjudicialização como maneira alternativa de solução de conflitos. No terceiro capítulo fez uma abordagem sobre o instituto da Usucapião Extrajudicial no novo Código de Processo Civil, bem como se dá o processamento perante o oficial registrador imobiliário.
Atuação do enfermeiro nas escolas para a prevenção da gravidez na adolescência
Authors: Campos Rubilanny de Souza Ferreira , Silva Claudia Lucrécia de Matos
Published: November 2020

A gravidez na adolescência é um problema de saúde pública relevante no Brasil, pois a gestação nessa faixa etária origina uma série de complicações a mais para a saúde dessas mães e seus filhos, além de ocasionar impactos na sociedade. Desta forma o presente trabalho tem por objetivo relatar, através de uma revisão da literatura, quais ações o enfermeiro da Atenção Básica (AB) pode desenvolver em sua área de abrangência para prevenção da gravidez na adolescência. O estudo foi desenvolvido através de uma análise da literatura, no formato de revisão bibliográfica narrativa. Realizando uma busca avançada na plataforma Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), utilizando os termos “gravidez and adolescência and enfermagem”. Foram encontrados setenta e três artigos, destes apenas sete se enquadraram nos seguintes critérios de inclusão, ser de língua portuguesa, ter texto completo disponível, possuir publicação entre os anos de 2009 a 2019. Dos artigos encontrados apenas um abordava estratégias para prevenção da gravidez, este citou como método utilizado por alguns enfermeiros da atenção básica o trabalho com grupos, tendo em vista que facilitava a abordagem de temas, favorecia o desenvolvimento da autoestima e maturidade emocional dos adolescentes, cita ainda que quando a educação em saúde é trabalhada no modelo convencional se torna ineficaz para esse público, que as ações devem ser inovadoras, criativas, dinâmicas, motivadoras e instigantes, com o intuito de ampliar o vínculo dos adolescentes com os serviços de saúde. Os demais discorreram sobre outros pontos igualmente relevantes na atenção a gestação de adolescentes, bem como a percepção de médicos e enfermeiros sobre este grupo, avaliação da assistência as adolescentes na AB, durante o trabalho de parto e a percepção sobre o apoio social na maternidade. Embora os artigos analisados não abordem sobre a prevenção da gravidez na adolescência no ambiente escolar, requerendo uma pesquisa ampliada para tal, os resultados encontrados são de igual relevância e apontam para a necessidade de melhorias no atendimento ofertado pelos enfermeiros a esse público, tanto no ambiente hospitalar quanto na AB.
Insights from a Jordan’s Principle Child First Initiative in Alberta
Authors: Gerlach Alison , Sangster Meghan , Sinha Vandna , First Nations Health Consortium
Published: November 2020

In 2016 Canada was ordered to implement Jordan’s Principle by the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal. In response to the order Canada created the Child First Initiative to provide federal funding for provincial and territorial organizations supporting First Nation’s children’s health, education, and social service needs, including service coordination. In the shifting national landscape of Child First Initiative funding, there is a lack of evidence on how pediatric healthcare services are addressing the serious health and healthcare inequities experienced by many First Nations children. This paper describes the implementation of a Child First Initiative by the First Nations Health Consortium in the Alberta region, and research findings that provide insights into the complexity and challenges of advancing First Nations children’s health and health equity within the current federal Child First Initiative mandate in this province. This paper highlights the need for transformative pediatric healthcare approaches that expand beyond an individual and demand-driven system and orient towards practices and policies that are socially-responsive. Also, that First Nations leaders and Jordan’s Principle initiatives play a leading role in the design and delivery of all pediatric healthcare services with First Nation communities, families and children across Canada.
Sustainable development of industrial enterprises through the use of venture capital and technology
Authors:   Market Economy Institute of RAS, Stepanov Dmitry A.
Published: November 2020

Subject/topic. At the present stage of development in the Russian Federation, all the necessary prerequisites for the implementation of venture activities in industrial enterprises have developed, which include: global factors (determined by global eco-nomic development and its evolution), macroeconomic (determined by the characteristics of the functioning of the national economy) and microeconomic (deter-mined by the specifics of individual business activities subjects). Goals/objectives. The purpose of this article is the development and scientific justification of theoretical and methodological foundations, methodological approaches and practical recommendations on the venture activities of domestic industrial enterprises in the con-text of their sustainable development. The object of research is the theoretical and methodological foundations of venture activity in industrial enterprises. The subject of the study is a complex of systemic ties and economic relations arising between subjects of venture activity. Research Methods. The methodological basis of the re-search is the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, the general scientific principles of conducting integrated research, the fundamental principles of modern eco-nomic theory, marketing, and the conceptual principles of managing innovative activities. In the research process were used: statistical analysis – in the study of the state of development of industrial enterprises; abstract logical analysis – when developing a conceptual model of venture financing; system-functional – in the study of the conceptual foundations of a breakthrough strategy for industrial enterprises and the essential characteristics and structural components of the economic mechanism of venture activity of industrial enterprises; methods analysis and synthesis – when substantiating the methodological aspects of the venture activity of domestic industrial enterprises. Results. The article suggests the process of attracting venture capital business to the development of industrial enterprises, which takes into ac-count the specifics of the activities of domestic economic entities. The author pro-poses to use the liability allocation matrix to account for additional organizational costs.
Application of agent-based approach to analyze migration flows taking into account epidemiological situation caused by the COVID-19
Authors:   Central Economics and Mathematics Institute, RAS (CEMI RAS), Abramov Vladimir I. , Evdokimov Dmitry S. ,   Central Economics and Mathematics Institute, RAS (CEMI RAS)
Published: November 2020

Subject/topic. The paper is devoted to the analysis of trends related to migration rates in Russia during the spread of the new COVID-19 infection. Objectives. The purpose of this work is to study the experience of using the agent-based approach in modeling migration processes taking into account the epidemiological situation. Methodology. The research uses general scientific methods: economic analysis, ex-pert assessments, synthesis, deduction, induction, analogy, modeling, classification, historical and logical analysis. Results. Migration component is one of the main aspects in the demographic processes for each state. Various factors influence its estimated indicators but there are certain patterns and trends, such as seasonality, political situation in the world, living conditions in a particular country. The importance of this socio-demographic process remains unchanged. In Russia a new concept of state migration policy has been created for a period up to 2025. However, its implementation is complicated by the current epidemiological situation in the world. The spread of COVID-19 forced the country's borders to close which had a serious impact on migration flows. Due to the epidemiological situation migrants are forced to look for new jobs and change the usual routes that they used to move to other countries in order to earn money. In the Russian Federation the number of unemployed has increased and the process of ousting migrants from the labor market has intensified. The spread of the virus around the world has facilitated political decisions related to the return of Russians to their homeland. Thus, the social and political aspects of the consequences of the pandemic have seriously influenced the socio-demographic processes in the world. Conclusions. The specifics of assessing migration flows implies the use of software and analytical systems to study the general trend of migration including during special periods (economic crises, large-scale outbreaks of epidemics, etc.). The active use of agent-based models which recreates the system under study, as close to reality as possible, can help in solving problems related to the search, analysis, and forecasting of ways to solve acute problems as-sociated with changes in internal and external migration flows. Scope of the results. The results of the study can be applied for further research in the field of migration processes using agent-based modeling as well as in the process of improving migration policy in Russia with the development of global threats caused by the epidemiological situation in the world.
Macroeconomic analysis and forecasting of the impact of energy wars and geopolitics on currency rates and oil prices
Authors:   Market Economy Institute of RAS, Bryntsev Alexander N.
Published: November 2020

Subject/topic. In modern conditions, it is advisable to consider geopolitics through the prism of hybrid wars, when the theaters of war have moved from the ocean and land to the world financial and commodity markets. There is a close correlation be-tween changes in exchange rates and the price of oil on the results of energy wars. The aim of the article is to study the theoretical and empirical aspects of the impact of energy wars and geopolitics on the formation of oil prices and the dynamics of currency rates in modern conditions, as well as determining their vector of influence on the development of the world economy as a whole. Methodology of the article. To complete this article, a comparative and economic-statistical analysis was used. Results. The article shows that in the context of globalization of the world economy, there is a deep correlation between changes in currency rates and the price of oil and the consequences of energy wars, on the one hand, and on the other, currency rates and oil prices are the tools for geopolitics in achieving their goals. In addition, there is a fairly strong direct link between oil prices and exchange rates. Factors affecting the formation of the currency exchange and oil markets are sometimes artificial in nature by influencing appropriate macroeconomic conditions, for example, changing the balance of supply and demand. Findings. A macroeconomic analysis of the nature of the relationship between the dynamics of oil prices and currency fluctuations reveals the geopolitical interests of the main players in the oil market, indicating its redistribution. The stage of ousting Russia from the Chinese oil market with dumping prices began, not only with supplies from Saudi Arabia, but also with the active participation of the former partners of Iran and Venezuela, which themselves were under sanctions. The budget of these countries directly depends on oil imports. It is the force majeure circumstances that force them to abandon further partnership with Russia and become independent players in the Chinese hydrocarbon market.
Energy security as a system-forming factor in the development of the national economy of Tajikistan
Authors:   Polytechnic Institute of the Tajik technical University. Akad. M.S. Osimi, Avezov Azizullo H. , Urunov Asror A. ,   State University of Management, Zoidov Zafar K. ,   Market Economy Institute of RAS
Published: November 2020

The article examines the essence of energy security as a system-forming factor in the development of the national economy of Tajikistan. It is noted that this process is conditioned by the development of evolutionary processes both in the fuel and energy complex system itself, and changes in internal and external environmental factors. Methodological approaches to the analysis of energy security are considered, the analysis of the situation in the fuel and energy complex and strategic development guidelines for Tajikistan are defined. The process of forming a system of indicators and methods for assessing the level of energy security is studied. Threats are identified and recommendations are proposed to improve the level of energy security in Tajikistan. The authors propose a conceptual model for organizing a system for detecting threats to energy security. It is a comparison of the current indicators of the energy system with the normalized ones, the imbalance of which helps to identify and analyze areas for surgical interventions in order to eliminate the causes that lead to a violation of energy security.
Profil Pramuwisata Kawasan Geopark Ciletuh Palabuhanratu: Kompetensi dan Tantangannya dalam Menghadapi Era Tourism 4.0
Authors: Yani Ahmad , Mulyadi Asep , Rosinta Rosinta
Published: November 2020

Peran pramuwisata di suatu kawasan wisata sangat penting karena mereka adalah “duta” bagi negara, badan pengelola, dan masyarakat setempat. Namun demikian, keberadaan mereka masih kurang diperhatikan. Dalam menghadapi era Tourim 4.0 tantangan mereka semakin berat karena akan tergeser oleh kehadiran teknologi. Mereka terancam menjadi korban disrupsi dari kemajuan teknologi tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualifikasi dan kompetensi pramuwisata di Kawasan Geoapark Ciletuh Palabuhanratu relatif masih rendah, hal ini karena kurangnya perhatian dari semua pihak. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan kepada pemerintah daerah, pelaku usaha yang terkait dengan jasa pariwisata (hotel, resporan, bank, dll) agar menyisihkan CSR-nya untuk melakukan pelatihan kepada pramuwisata melalui organisasi resmi (HPI) secara bergiliran dan saling menguntungkan.
Performance Evaluation of Pre-foamed Ultra-lightweight Composites Incorporating Various Proportions of Slag
Authors: Huynh Trong-Phuoc , Pham Van-Hien , Do Ngoc-Duy , Nguyen Trong-Chuc , Ho Nguyen-Trong
Published: November 2020

This research examines the feasibility of using a mixture of cement, fly ash, ground granulated blast-furnace slag, and river sand to manufacture pre-foamed ultra-lightweight composite (PULC). Four PULC specimens were prepared with the substitution of cement by slag at 0, 10, 20, and 30 % by weight. The engineering properties of PULC samples were evaluated through the tests of compressive strength, dry density, water absorption, drying shrinkage, and thermal conductivity. Besides, numerical simulation of heat transfer through the PULC brick wall and the microstructure observation were performed. The performance of PULC mixtures incorporating slag showed higher effectiveness than merely used cement. The substitution of 20 % cement by slag resulted in the highest compressive strength as well as the lowest value of water absorption of the PULC samples. Also, the efficiency of the thermal conductivity was in inverse proportion with the density of PULC specimens and it was right for water absorption and drying shrinkage. Moreover, numerical simulations showed that the temperature distribution values in the wall made by PULC material were smaller than in the wall made by the normal clay brick in the same position. Besides, the microstructure analysis revealed that the existence of slag generated a more dense structure of PULC samples with the addition of calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) gel, especially for a mix containing 20 % slag. Thus, the results of this study further demonstrated that a 20 % slag was the optimal content for the good engineering properties of the PULC samples.
Subordinación de la cadena de suministro global al comercio minorista: Wal-Mart Stores, Inc
Authors: Bocanegra Gastelum Carmen , Vázquez Ruiz Miguel A.
Published: November 2020

El comercio minorista en la economía mundial es relevante, debido a la posición de dominio sobre los encadenamientos de los procesos de producción, distribución y comercialización de bienes finales. Dentro de esta dinámica el líder del comercio minorista es la trasnacional Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. El objetivo del trabajo es estudiar a través del análisis descriptivo, cómo la trasnacional se ha posesionado del sector, logrando subordinar a la cadena de suministro global. El trabajo se aborda a través de la sistematización de conceptos teóricos y prácticos sobre la cadena de suministro, empresas multinacionales y la integración entre Wal-Mart y la cadena de suministro.
Role of government spending on economic growth: an endogenous potential model for Bolivia
Authors: Rivero Roger Alejandro Banegas
Published: November 2020

El propósito de este trabajo es contribuir con un modelo de crecimiento endógeno potencial (MCEP) para Bolivia con información desde 1993 al 2012. La evidencia empírica sugiere que el consumo del gobierno es el principal determinante exógeno sobre el crecimiento potencial (EPGM) con efectos diferneciados en el tiempo: acelera contemporáneamente el crecimiento económico y afecta de forma negativa y dinámica en la tasa de crecimiento a largo plazo. La inversión pública y privada tienen un grado significativo de sustitución dinámica (efecto crowding-out). Como análisis complementario, se evalúan los efectos del gasto público sobre el crecimiento real efectivo.