bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of cultural and educational traditions on critical thinking formation practices
Authors: Sertakova Irina N.
Published: December 2021

We consider the cultural and philosophical aspects of critical thinking and scientific approaches to them in the classical and postclassical philosophy of education. We characterize the specific features of thinking and requirements for it within the framework of the traditional and new models of educational values. We note that in the culturological value context an important place is occupied not by individual models as an intrinsic value, but by the presence of continuity, the implementation of the principles of complementarity and interdependence of “traditional” and “modern”. We analyze the concepts of “culture of thinking” and “culture of education”. We pro-vide definitions and levels of critical thinking in their relation to universal human cultural values, taking into account the awareness of the multipolarity of world. We propose an approach to solv-ing problematic issues related to the formation of critical thinking, in accordance not only with his-torically established philosophical doctrines about thinking, but also with cultural and educational traditions. As an example of the traditions influence of culture of thinking on the critical thinking formation, such educational practice as “Philosophy for Children” is given. We substantiate the choice of programs and methods of philosophizing with children based on cultural reality and spi-ritual problems (intellectual, political, ethical, etc.), characteristic of a particular state. We con-clude that there is a close relationship between cultural and educational traditions and key aspects of the critical thinking formation.
PROBLEMATISASI KELOMPOK SUBALTERN DAN AMERICAN DREAM DALAM NOVEL THE BUDDHA IN THE ATTIC KARYA JULIE OTSUKA
Authors: Mianani Sindhy Sintya
Published: December 2021

Novel The Buddha in the Attic karya Julie Otsuka merupakan novel yang memuat fenomena migrasi para perempuan Jepang sebagai picture brides di Amerika Serikat. Berawal dari sebuah foto yang menyimbolkan kesuksesan American Dream, para perempuan ini mengadu nasib di daratan yang selama ini dikenal dengan gaung kesuksesan yang ditawarkan oleh American Dream. Akan tetapi, para picture brides, termasuk para imigran Jepang di Amerika, mengalami diskriminasi rasial. Dari kondisi ini, muncul sebuah permasalahan lain yang dialami oleh picture brides, termasuk didalamnya para imigran Jepang, yang mengalami kesusahan dalam mendapatkan kesempatan memperoleh kesuksesan di Amerika. Isu ini kemudian mengarah ke permasalahan yang lebih mendalam, yaitu mengenai problematika American Dream dari sudut pandang picture brides dengan American Dream dari sudut pandang warga Amerika itu sendiri. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, studi ini menerapkan teori subaltern milik Gayatri Spivak sebagai kerangka pemikiran teoretis. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, nampak bahwa ada fenomena propaganda American Dream yang mereduksi nilai-nilai American Dream. American Dream yang menekankan life, liberty dan the pursuit of happiness layaknya tercantum dalam The Declaration of Independence pada kenyataannya digunakan sebagai agenda politik oleh pemerintah Amerika Serikat untuk menjaga homogenitas budaya masyarakat Amerika.
SPECIFICS OF DIAGNOSTICS OF TECHNICAL CONDITION OF TRANSPORT AND TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEM “MINING GAS PIPELINE – MINE WORKING”
Authors: Shyrin Leonid , Yehorchenko Rostislav , Sergienko Мykola
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the paper is to analyze a deformation mechanism of the mine degassing pipelines to forecast their spatial changes in terms of intensification of underground mining of coal-gas seams.

Methodology. The paper deals with expert assessment of the available approaches to diagnostics of technical condition of mine degassing pipelines, which are constructed within the in-seam underground mine workings with the floor rocks prone to heaving. The results of scheduled surveying measurements of technical condition of in-seam development workings have helped identify the potentially hazardous zones of rock mass deformation and indices of changes in spatial location of section degassing pipelines mounted in those mine workings. To determine the operating modes of a degassing pipeline under such operating conditions, a computer model of interaction of the elements of transport-technological system “mine gas pipeline – mine working” has been developed

Findings. Diagnostics of technical conditions of the mine gas transmission lines and examination of their dismantled components have helped understand that deflections, mainly resulting in water accumulation zones, intensive corrosion of internal pipe walls, and mechanical depositions of coal and rock dust take place right within the flange connection areas. Formation of such zones is argued by health of the degassing pipeline as well as mine air inflow. Availability of internal corrosion, water accumulations, and mine air inflow decreases substantially capacity of the underground gas transmission line inclusive of qualitative characteristics of the captured methane-air mixture and efficiency of MDS on the whole.

Originality. New approaches to diagnostics of technical condition of mine degassing gas pipeline in difficult mining and geological conditions of development of gas-bearing coal seams are substantiated and it is offered to consider indicators of their functioning as interacting in space and time transport-technological system "mine gas pipeline - mining".

Practical implications. The operational parameters of mine degassing systems notes that the equipment performance with the least underpressure losses created by vacuum pipes requires that the degassing pipeline should have minimum hydraulic resistance of the gas transmission network. Pipeline aeration from the mine workings and water accumulations should be prevented by means of qualitative hermetic sealing of its flange connections as well as the pipeline straightness with the corresponding pitches. Consequently, the basic requirements for operating mine degassing pipelines involve their design profile, tightness of flange connections of pipes as well as operative control of the facility health.
REFLEXÕES ACERCA DO ACESSO À APOSENTADORIA EM FACE DO GÊNERO
Authors: Kamada Fabiana Larissa , Cantal Rosa Costa
Published: December 2021

Este artigo científico tem como objetivo promover uma reflexão a respeito das alterações promovidas pela Emenda Constitucional nº 103/2019 com relação aos requisitos necessários para aposentadoria da mulher em comparação com a aposentadoria do homem. Apresenta uma análise sobre a participação de homens e mulheres no mercado de trabalho (remunerado), bem como as horas dedicadas à reprodução social, que não é contabilizada para fins de aposentadoria, a partir da demonstração das inter-relações entre as suas atividades laborais e sociais. O presente trabalho examinou estudos que mostraram a dificuldade enfrentada pela mulher para conseguir o tempo necessário para aposentadoria, uma vez que manter-se no emprego, por inúmeros fatores, é muito mais complicado para ela. Dessa forma, verificar-se-á se houve mudanças significativas no mercado de trabalho da mulher, bem como se há uma igualdade de condições entre os sexos de modo a justificar essas alterações, uma vez que os requisitos ficaram ainda mais rigorosos para as mulheres e que isso pode impactar de forma negativa para elas.
First results of the archaeoparasitological study of the Volna 1 burial ground (Temryuk District, Krasnodar Krai)
Authors: Slepchenko S.М. , Sudarev N.I. , Tsokur I.V. , Abramova A.N.
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the results of an archaeoparasitological analysis of the soil samples from a number of the burials dated to the end of the 4th — first half of the 3rd c. B.C. of the ancient burial ground of Volna 1 situated in the territory of the “Asiatic part” of the Bosporan Kingdom (present-day Temryuk District, Krasnodar Krai). As the result of the investigation, the parasitogenic spectrum of the studied population group has been determined. The eggs of three types of helminths were found. The presence of the eggs of human whipworm (Trichuris trichi-ura) in the soil samples from the burials suggest relatively poor sanitary and hygienic condition of the population and undeveloped hygienic habits of the studied population group. Analysis of the archaeoparasitological data in the historical context and utilization of the archaeopathological material from the archaeological sites of the chronologically close period from the territory of Europe and Asia Minor permitted identification of the range of possible causes of such a situation. The undeveloped hygienic habits are also manifested by finding of of lancet fluke (Dicrocoelium dendriticum) eggs in the soil samples. Besides, the presence in the soil samples of the eggs of this parasite is indicative, from the point of view of archaeoparasitology, of the type of the economy, its methods and, partly, of the dietary specifics. Interesting is the fact of finding of the broad tapeworm (Diphyllobothrium latum) eggs in one of the samples. Given the life cycle of the broad tapeworm and mode of infestation, it is possible to determine unambiguously that the tapeworm infestation might have happened during the consumption of raw underboiled/underroast or dried fish from the freshwater lakes and rivers from the territory of the south of Russia (River Kuban, River Don etc.). Having considered the obtained data in the historical-archaeological con-text, it is possible to hypothesize on the directions of travels of the infested individual. Characteristics of the archaeoparasitological spectrum indicate possible use of anthelminthic agents, or consumption of food with vermicidal effect with respect to the round worms. An important result of the study is demonstration of capabilities of the archaeoparasitology as a source of bioarchaeological information on the population of Northern Black Sea coast.
The ethno-etiquette in the Yakut culture: sacred strategies and behavioral code
Authors: Danilova N.K.
Published: December 2021

The ethnic etiquette of the Yakuts demonstrates traditional culture, worldviews, and ritual and mythological practices. The historical and anthropological approach used in this study allowed us to consider motives and strategies of the behavior, customs and rituals in space and time. The study of folklore and ethnographic and linguistic materials made it possible to identify and analyze responses of the behavioral strategies that expand the boundaries of the developed space (travel customs and rituals), eliminate the “otherness” of a guest (an etiquette), and provide for communications between the man and the deities/spirits (a ritual). For the first time, archival and field materials on the guest and travel etiquette are introduced into scientific discourse. The aim of the study is to conduct a historical and cognitive analysis of the travel and guest etiquettes, which begin with overcoming the developed space — the dwelling place. As the result, we have revealed that the travel etiquette is primarily aimed at ensuring that the traveler returns home without encountering any obstacles in his journey. To achieve that, they used words-taboos and made a sacrifice to the spirit of the fire and to the spirit of the road. The analysis of special travel terms has shown that the main guardian of the traveler is his horse, while the behavioral code serves as an assurance of a successful journey. Compliance with pre-travel and travel taboos and rules primarily contributed to a safe return of the traveler. It has been found that the status of the traveler is transformed when he overcomes a “cultural barrier” — the fence, enters the developed space, and becomes a guest. The guest etiquette mainly defines behavior of the hosts, since the arrival of the guest, his welcoming and parting with him strengthened their life values, stability, and prosperity. The guest was considered to be a messenger of an alien world, so that the first series of the ritual actions was aimed at removing the “otherness” of the guest, the second series was aimed at including the guest in the home space, and the third series was aimed at seeing off the guest. Nowadays, respectful welcoming of a guest is also of a great importance, and the metaphor "the Yakut’s hospitality" has still not lost its significance.
The non-ferrous metal toolkit of the Petrovka Culture of the South Trans-Urals
Authors: Degtyareva A.D.
Published: December 2021

The article presents data on the morphological and typological characteristics of the trade tools of the Pet-rovka Culture of the South Trans-Urals and middle Tobol River region, originating from the sites of Chelyabinsk, Kurgan, and Tyumen Regions (77 specimens in total; 126 specimens in total including knives). According to the radiocarbon dating, the chronological period of the Petrovka sites in the Southern Trans-Urals spans the 19th through 18th centuries B.C. The distribution of tools into types was based on the techniques of typological division of the artifacts, taking into account their shape, presence of certain qualitative features, as well as consideration of the geographical and cultural areal of similar articles. The produce of the Southern Trans-Urals center is repre-sented by a diverse set of metal tools and by functioning of large settlements with metallurgical specialization — Kulevchi 3, Ustye 1, and Shibaevo 1. In the typology of the tool complex of the Petrovka Culture of the Southern Trans-Urals and the Middle Pre-Tobol region, common Eurasian types dominate, being genetically associated with the centers of the Middle Bronze Age of the Circumpontian Metallurgical Province — the Late Yamnaya-Poltavkino, Catacomb Culture, and metal-producing centers of the Corded Ware Culture — Volsk-Lbische and Balanovo. A pronounced variety of the morphotypes of the tools, especially knives, is characteristic of the initial stage of ethnogenesis of the cultures of the forest-steppe and steppe zone of Eurasia during the transitional pe-riod from the MBA to the LBA. Common Eurasian types of tools are characteristic of the cultures of the 1st phase of the Eurasian (West Asian) metallurgical province of the forest-steppe and steppe belt from the Don region to the Irtysh region: Abashevo; Sintashta; Early Srubnaya (Pokrovka); Petrovka (Early Alakul). Specific groups of tools inherent in the tribes of the Petrovka Culture were revealed: axes with a massive head; medium-curved sick-les with a prominent handle; socketed spearheads without eyelets and raised ribs along the edge of the socket; forged arrowheads with a through socket; knives with a straight prominent handle — double-edged and single-edged; knives with a forged open socket. In the appearance of some types of tools among the Petrovka population of the Trans-Urals, such as forged socketed tools — chisels, knives, arrows, double-edged knives with a prominent handle, and sickles with a small curvature, the influence of the Abashevo stereotypes of production is discernible. In the meantime, sufficient data have been obtained on the direct imports or on the conjugation of types of the metal tools and weapons of the Sintashta, Petrovka, and Seima-Turbino Cultures in closed complexes.
Krasnoyarsky-IV kurgan cemetery of the Great Migration Period
Authors: Grachev M.A. , Zelenkov A.S. , Sleptsova A.V.
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the materials of the Great Migration Period from the Omsk Irtysh region, obtained during the excavations of the Krasnoyarsky-IV burial ground. In total, eight burial mounds with 13 burials were examined in 2009 by the expedition of the Omsk State Pedagogical University led by M.A. Grachev. The aim of this work is to determine regional features and chronology of the Krasnoyarsky-IV burial complexes , as well as some details of the historical and cultural development of the local population in the transitional period from the Iron Age to the early Middle Ages. The research methodology is based on comparative and typological analyses of the material complexes, morphological and constructional specifics of the burials, and on anthropological studies, including methods of odontology. According to the results of the study, the chronological interval of the functioning of the necropolis spans the end of the 4th — first decades of the 6th centuries A.D., which corresponds with the appea-rance of the Karym type monuments in the territory of the southern taiga of Western Siberia. The signs of artificial skull deformation, erection of small embankments, cremations, and Eastern-European and Central Asian imports suggest involvement of the Karym population in the epochal historical and cultural processes, as well as contacts with neighboring forest-steppe and southern taiga cultures of the Ural-Siberian region. Characteristics associated with the heritage of the cultures of the Early Iron Age, particularly, the Sargatka and Kulayka Cultures, were noted: orientation of the buried; location of the goods in the grave; ornamental and morphological features of the ware; and specific types of bronze decorations. The symbiosis of innovations and traditions of the previous epoch is partly confirmed by the anthropological characteristics in the ratio of the longitudinal and transverse diameters of the crowns of the permanent lower first molars.
The First and Second Gostiny Dig Sites in Tobolsk
Authors: Anoshko O.M.
Published: December 2021

This article continues a series of papers dedicated to introducing in the scientific discourse materials ob-tained during archaeological investigations of the cultural layer of Tobolsk — the main city of Siberia during the Russian colonization. In the course of investigation of the First and Second Gostiny dig sites, laid at the walls of Gostiny Dvor, there were recorded 24 structures of residential and economic purposes, dated to the period from the 17th to the 19th centuries on the basis of planigraphic and stratigraphic analyses and finds. The residential timber structures were single-storeyed, with saddle notch type corners (“v oblo”) with tails. Beside the houses, there were root cellars. A representative collection of finds is related to the houses: animal bones; breakage of stoneware, chinaware, and glassware; fragments of terracotta, enameled, and polychrome tile, as well as objects made of bone, leather, bark, and wood, mainly dated to the 17th — beginning of the 19th century. The most common mate-rial, amounted to several thousand items, was represented by pottery shards — pots, ewers, jars, and pans, which were used for food cooking, food storage, as well as for other everyday purposes. The porcelain ware is associated with the tea ceremony and is mainly represented by fragments of saucers, and sometimes those of drinking cups, bowls, and teapots. By the provenance, two groups of the porcelain have been identified — Chi-nese and Russian, with characteristic makers marks and patterns. The collection of iron items consists of knives, bridle bits, door hinges, latches, nails, hooks, and fragments of scissors. The leather footwear is represented by one-piece leather-hide shoes, high boots, and shoes with iron heeltaps. Another category of the finds is represented by bone combs, which were ordinarily used not only by women, but also by men. The numismatic collection com-prises 36 Russian coins and a counter pfennig struck in the workshop of Johann Adam Dietzel (master 1746–1768) in Nuremberg. The copper articles are represented by five baptismal cross pendants and by a find unique for the Siberian region — a gilded panhagia of a copper alloy with a sliding finial, several liturgical inscriptions, and images, including those of the Crucifixion, the Holy Trinity of the Old Testament, and the Mother of God of the Sign. In ge-neral, the archaeological materials of the digs show that this quarter of the uptown of Tobolsk was part of the resi-dential and commercial housing of the town, while its residents had a relatively high level of material wellbeing.
Using a Toy Model to Improve the Quantization of Gravity and Field Theories
Authors: Klauder John
Published: December 2021

A half-harmonic oscillator, which gets its name because the coordinate is strictly positive, has been quantized and determined that it was a physically correct quantization. This positive result was found using affine quantization (AQ). The main purpose of this paper is to compare results of this new quantization procedure with those of canonical quantization (CQ). Using Ashtekar-like classical variables and CQ, we quantize the same toy model. While these two quantizations lead to different results, they both would reduce to the same classical Hamiltonian if $\hbar\rightarrow0$. Since these two quantizations have differing results, only one of the quantizations can be physically correct. Two brief sections illustrate how AQ can correctly help quantum gravity and the quantization of most field theory problems.
Observatório e Oficinas de Mídias:
Authors: Moreira Rejane , Barreto Ivana
Published: December 2021

Neste artigo, apresentamos as propostas de formação do Observatório de Mídia do Curso de Jornalismo da UFRRJ e a realização das Oficinas de Leituras Críticas de Mídia, como espaços de investigação e incentivo do que denominamos mediações críticas. Mediações críticas são processos de formação de repertórios, que possam constituir leituras analíticas das mídias, com ênfase na participação ativa da recepção. Discutimos, assim, a realização desses projetos, com aporte no modelo digital e refletimos a produção das críticas de conteúdos jornalísticos, bem como a elaboração de oficinas com temáticas diversas, a partir de suas potencialidades extensionistas. Com essa apresentação, entendemos que a proposta dos observatórios e das oficinas vão fortalecer o papel da recepção crítica e incentivar a produção cognitiva, política e afetiva de quem vê, ouve e lê mídia.
Projeto Quintal:
Authors: Zanella Lisiane , Andrades Henrique da Silva de
Published: December 2021

O Litoral Norte gaúcho apresenta uma grande diversidade de seres vivos, variadas formações geográficas e tipos de vegetação. Porém, a população dessa região, em geral, não conhece a biodiversidade local, sobretudo as espécies que ocorrem em seus quintais. Nas escolas, pouco se é trabalhado sobre grupos de animais recorrentes como insetos e aranhas, contribuindo para a perpetuação de mitos e crenças culturais. Nesse contexto, nossos objetivos foram divulgar e despertar a curiosidade das pessoas sobre a biodiversidade de seres vivos ao seu redor. Este trabalho consiste em um relato de experiência do Projeto Quintal. Divulgamos o projeto nas mídias sociais, incentivando as pessoas a observarem e fazerem registros fotográficos dos diferentes organismos encontrados em suas residências. Após, fizemos postagens semanais de stories no Instagram com os registros fotográficos no formato de desafios, estimulando os participantes a identificarem a espécie postada. Após cada desafio, postamos a classificação científica, curiosidades e informações sobre a espécie. Ao todo, publicamos 32 desafios, que tiveram 200 visualizações em média. No entanto, a média de respostas aos desafios foi baixa: apenas duas ou três respostas. Acreditamos que isso seja evidência da falta de conhecimento sobre as espécies ou inibição dos participantes em responder aos desafios. Ao fim do projeto, realizamos uma pesquisa de opinião e obtivemos um retorno satisfatório. Segundo os participantes, o projeto contribuiu para a aquisição de novos conhecimentos sobre a biodiversidade local, demonstrando que nossos objetivos foram alcançados e que contribuímos para a democratização do conhecimento biológico.
Caracterização da frente de avaliação psicológica do projeto de suporte psicológico covid-19
Authors: Ferreira Mariana Carolina Batista , Ferreira Christiane Henriques , Carmona Lucas Franco , Balan Raquel Neves , Silveira Caroline Cristine da , Estanislau Celio Roberto
Published: December 2021

Pesquisas psicológicas em situações emergenciais exigem escolha de instrumentos de rápida e fácil aplicação que avaliem os resultados das intervenções. O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar a frente de avaliação “Suporte Psicológico COVID-19” da Filiação Institucional, que foi criado para oferecer atendimento psicológico emergencial para profissionais da saúde e para a população em geral, que tenham sido afetadas pela pandemia. O processo de estruturação da frente foi desenvolvido em três fases: Fase 1: Levantamento bibliográfico; Fase 2: seleção de instrumentos; Fase 3: elaboração de formulários, material instrucional e rotina de atividades da frente. Identificou-se que os profissionais afetados pela COVID-19, submetidos aos programas de atendimento emergencial, apresentam as seguintes alterações emocionais: estresse agudo, luto, sintomas depressivos e ansiogênicos, propensão ao suicídio, comportamentos violentos, abuso de substâncias psicoativas, predisposição ao pânico, entre outras. Pelos motivos expressos, foram selecionados o Outcome Questionnaire (OQ-45) e a Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão (HADS). O OQ-45 possui 45 itens que avaliam três domínios: desconforto subjetivo, relacionamentos interpessoais e papéis sociais. A escala HADS possui 14 questões que avaliam os sintomas de ansiedade e depressão. Uma análise correlacional foi realizada a fim de avaliar as relações entre as variáveis dos dois testes utilizados. Identificaram-se correlações positivas estatisticamente significantes entre os testes, embora cada instrumento permita tratar os dados de forma mais consistente em aspectos específicos. Concluiu-se que os instrumentos selecionados se mostraram satisfatórios quanto à identificação e acompanhamento dos indicadores de sofrimento psicológicos dos pacientes.
Práticas pedagógicas do colégio de aplicação em diálogo (PRAPEDI)
Authors: Pereira Joana Lopes , Becker Caroline Valada , Storck Karine , Pereira Paola Gomes , Maciel Marcelo Gonçalves
Published: December 2021

Este relato apresenta as ações desenvolvidas pelo Programa de Extensão “Práticas Pedagógicas do Colégio de Aplicação em Diálogo” (PRAPEDI) durante o ano de 2020, período no qual a Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) manteve a suspensão de atividades presenciais em razão da pandemia de Covid-19. O Programa é coordenado por docentes de Educação Básica atuantes no Colégio de Aplicação da UFRGS (CAp/UFRGS), na cidade de Porto Alegre - RS, e foi criado com o objetivo geral de, partindo de ações pedagógicas desenvolvidas no CAp/UFRGS, registrar, sistematizar e produzir materiais didáticos para compartilhamento entre docentes. Tendo em vista o contexto de distanciamento social, foi necessário rever o planejamento inicial, ajustando possibilidades de ações do Programa. Ainda assim, nós, docentes do Colégio de Aplicação da UFRGS e coordenadoras/es do PRAPEDI, desenvolvemos oito atividades de extensão, sempre de modo virtual. Neste texto, apresentamos o PRAPEDI e relatamos essas atividades, as quais compõem o percurso que experienciamos em 2020. Entre elas, destacamos a elaboração do site do Programa (www.ufrgs.br/prapedi) para disponibilização de acervo virtual com relatos e materiais de práticas pedagógicas já desenvolvidas, registro e divulgação das atividades de extensão promovidas, totalizando 54 horas de atividades on-line voltadas à formação continuada docente, abrangendo 662 participantes.
Comunicação e pandemia:
Authors: Pieri Carlos Eduardo , Maia Gabriela Meira , Almeida Kamila  Caetano , Souza Poliana Santos de , Camargo Rafaela Zorzetto de
Published: December 2021

Este artigo propõe uma discussão teórica acerca das ações relativas à Comunicação Social implementadas pelo Instituto Federal Catarinense durante a pandemia de Covid-19. O texto se configura a partir de um ponto de vista epistemológico em que tem lugar o conceito de dialogismo, do qual desdobram-se perspectivas que consideram a intersubjetividade e, por consequência, o diálogo, como o espaço em que se dá a constituição dos sujeitos e dos discursos. A despeito das dificuldades encontradas, no período pandêmico, pela Comunicação, entende-se possível o reconhecimento de aprendizados a partir dos quais podem ser delineados planejamentos estratégicos que consolidem cada vez mais a responsabilidade social da instituição e que promovam novos campos de diálogo público.
Apresentação
Authors: Oliveira Kátia Linhaus de , Taques Fernando José
Published: December 2021

Apresentação da edição nº 16 da Revista Extensão Tecnológica.
Development of New Models to Determine the Rheological Parameters of Water-based Drilling Fluid Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Hadi Farqad , Noori Ali , Hussein Hussein , Khudhair Ameer
Published: December 2021

It is well known that drilling fluid is a key parameter for optimizing drilling operations, cleaning the hole, and managing the rig hydraulics and margins of surge and swab pressures. Although the experimental works present valid and reliable results, they are expensive and time consuming. On the other hand, continuous and regular determination of the rheological mud properties can perform its essential functions during well construction. More uncertainties in planning the drilling fluid properties meant that more challenges may be exposed during drilling operations.

This study presents two predictive techniques, multiple regression analysis (MRA) and artificial neural networks (ANNs), to determine the rheological properties of water-based drilling fluid based on other simple measurable properties. While mud density (MW), marsh funnel (MF), and solid% are key input parameters in this study, the output functions or models are plastic viscosity (PV), yield point (YP), apparent viscosity (AV), and gel strength. The prediction methods were demonstrated by means of a field case in eastern Iraq, using datasets from daily drilling reports of two wells in addition to the laboratory measurements. To test the performance ability of the developed models, two error-based metrics (determination coefficient R2 and root mean square error RMSE) have been used in this study.

The current results of this study support the evidence that MW, MF, and solid% are consistent indexes for the prediction of rheological properties. Both mud density and solid content have a relative-significant effect on increasing PV, YP, AV, and gel strength. However, a scattering around each fit curve is observed which proved that one rheological property alone is not sufficient to estimate other properties. The results also reveal that both MRA and ANN are conservative in estimating the fluid rheological properties, but ANN is more precise than MRA. Eight empirical mathematical models with high performance capacity have been developed in this study to determine the rheological fluid properties based on simple and quick equipment as mud balance and marsh funnel. This study presents cost-effective models to determine the rheological fluid properties for future well planning in Iraqi oil fields.
Characterization of Tio2 And An As-Prepared Tio2/Sio2 Composite And Their Photocatalytic Performance For The Reduction Of Low-Concentration N-NO3- In Water
Authors: Zhong Wanzhen , Fu Weizhang , Sun Shujuan , Wang Lingsheng , Liu Huaihao , Wang Junzhi
Published: December 2021

Excessive N-NO3- water pollution has become a widespread and serious problem that threatens human and ecosystem health. Here, a TiO2/SiO2 composite photocatalyst was prepared via the sol-gel/hydrothermal method. TiO2 and TiO2/SiO2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis differential reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Afterward, the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 and TiO2/SiO2 to reduce low nitrate concentrations (30 mgN·L-1) under UV light were evaluated and the effects of different factors on this process were investigated, after which the reaction conditions were optimized. Removal rates of up to 99.93% were achieved at a hole scavenger (formic acid) concentration of 0.6 mL·L-1, a CO2 flow rate of 0.1 m3·h-1, and a TiO2 concentration of 0.9 g·L-1. In contrast, TiO2/SiO2 at a 1.4 g·L-1 concentration and a TiO2 load rate of 40% achieved a removal rate of 83.48%,But with more than 98% of nitrogen generation rate.NO2- and NH4+ were the minor products, whereas N2 was the main product.
Link prediction of viral spike proteins and cell receptors using structural perturbation method
Authors: Zhou Iris
Published: December 2021

Many protein receptors for animal and human viruses have been discovered in decades of studies. The main determinant of virus entry is the binding of the viral spike protein to host cell receptors, which mediates membrane fusion.In this work, a bilayer network is constructed by integrating the similarity network of the viral spike proteins, the similarity network of host receptors, and the association network between viruses and receptors. The structural perturbation method (SPM) is used to predict possible emerging infection of a virus in potential new host organisms. The reliability of this method is based on the hypothesis that the major barrier to virus infection is the differences in the compatibility of spike proteins and cell receptors, which is determined by the amino acid sequences among species.
The Effect of COVID-19 on Referral Time and Cost of Outpatient'S Services Amongst Insured of Iran Health Insurance, Fars, 2020
Authors: Nowrouzpour Mitra , Lotfi Farhad , Foroozanfar Zohre , Mourdzadeh Hossein , parizi Mostafa Iran nezhad , Joulaei Hassan
Published: December 2021

Background
This study aimed to investigate the effect of COVID-19 epidemic on the rate of referral and costs of outpatient services covered by Iran Health Insurance, Fars, Iran.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we used data registry system of Iran health insurance to compare cost of outpatient services and referral time after occurring COVID-19 epidemic with the same time before it. Extracted items included; outpatients’ and complementary services. Statistical analyses were performed with Graph Pad Prism software version 8.0, Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney test.
Results
Costs paid for all outpatient and imaging services significantly decreased in 2020 compared to 2019. Also, the number of prescriptions in all outpatient services has significantly decreased, while the number of imaging diagnostic tests significantly increased.
Conclusion
Further studies are recommended to evaluate whether the reduction in cost of services and referral times are due to underutilization of services or not.
Residual Image Registration Error by Fiducial Markers in Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation Using C-Arm Linac: A Phantom Study
Authors: Yamauchi Ryohei , Murayoshi Natsuki , Akiyama Shinobu , Mizuno Norifumi , Masuda Tomoyuki , Itazawa Tomoko , Kawamori Jiro
Published: December 2021

Introduction: External beam accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) is an alternative treatment for patients with early-stage breast cancer. The efficacy of image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) using fiducial markers, such as gold markers or surgical clips, has been demonstrated. However, the effects of respiratory motion during a single fraction have not been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the residual image registration error of fiducial marker-based IGRT by respiratory motion and propose a suitable treatment strategy.Materials & Methods: We developed an acrylic phantom embedded with surgical clips to verify the registration error under moving conditions. The frequency of the phase difference in the respiratory cycle due to sequential acquisition was verified in a preliminary study. Fiducial marker-based IGRT was then performed in 10 scenarios. The residual registration error (RRE) was calculated on the basis of the differences in the coordinates of clips between the true position if not moved and the last position.Results: The frequencies of the phase differences in 0.0–0.99, 1.0–1.99, 2.0–2.99, 3.0–3.99, and 4.0–5.0 mm were 23%, 24%, 22%, 20%, and 11%, respectively. When assuming a clinical case, the mean RREs for all directions were within 1.0 mm, even if respiratory motion of 5 mm existed in two axes.Conclusions: For APBI with fiducial marker-based IGRT, the introduction of an image registration strategy that employs stepwise couch correction using at least three orthogonal images should be considered.
Comparison of Intracoronary Versus Intravneous Tirofiban in Acute STEMI Patients Undergoing Primary PCI
Authors: Tang Xiuying , Li Runjun
Published: December 2021

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of intracoronary tirofiban compared to intravenously administered tirofiban in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI).Methods: This study included 180 patients who were admitted with the diagnosis of acute STEMI and undergoing primary PCI. Patients were randomized into an observation group (n = 90) and control group (n = 90). Both groups received typical treatments, such as aspirin and clopidogrel/ticagrelor. During the procedure, the observation and control groups were administered intracoronary (IC) or intravenous (IV) injections of tirofiban, respectively, followed by an intravenous infusion of tirofiban for 24 hours. Changes in thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grading, TIMI myocardial perfusion grade 3 (TMP grade 3), thrombus aspiration, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, creatine kinase peak and inflammatory factor levels, infarct size, resolution of the sum of ST‐segment elevation (Sum‐STR) two hours after the operation, and cardiac functional parameters were investigated before and/or after treatment and 6 months after discharge. The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and adverse reactions (AEs) such as bleeding were compared between the two groups.Results: There were no statistically significant differences observed in the indices of BNP, creatine kinase peak, cardiac functional parameters, thrombus aspiration, or incidence of bleeding between the two groups before treatment. Following treatment, TIMI flow grading and TMP grade 3 were improved in the observation group that received intracoronary tirofiban compared to the control group (p = 0.022 and p = 0.014, respectively). Additionally, the Sum‐umi two hours after operation in the observation group was better than that in the control group (p = 0.029). The incidence of MACEs in patients given IC tirofiban administration was lower than that in those given IV tirofiban (p = 0.012). Furthermore, levels of glutamic oxaloacetictransaminase (AST), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and myocardial troponin I (TNI) in the observation group was significantly decreased compared to the control group after five days of treatment (p = 0.039, p = 0.040, p = 0.001, and p = 0.041, respectively). Functional heart parameters including CO and LVEF were significantly improved in the observation group 6 months after discharge.Conclusion: This study found that IC administration of tirofiban in patients with STEMI who underwent PPCI improved TIMI, TMP flow and cardiac function including CO and LVEF 6 months after discharge, and reduced CRP, ESR, and TNI. However, the incidence of bleeding between the two groups was comparable. These findings suggest that IC administration should be applied in certain acute STEMI patients.
Research on Eco-Efficiency of 11 Cities in Zhejiang Province: Based on the Perspective of High Quality Development
Authors: Xu Xu , Huang Lizhen
Published: December 2021

Ecological efficiency (Eco-efficiency) index well represents the quality of regional development and measures the extensive or intensive development mode of a region. The traditional concept of Eco-efficiency refers to the maximum economic benefits through the minimum resource cost and environmental load. This paper argues that the goal of Eco-efficiency evaluation is not only to maximize economic benefits, but also to achieve high-quality development in many aspects such as society, science & technology and economy, so that people can enjoy the results of development.In this paper, the Eco-efficiency input indicators comprehensively considers the consumption of manpower, resources, energy and capital, and negative environmental benefits including waste gas, waste water and waste residue. Output indicators comprehensively consider the five high-quality development dimensions----innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing, which are represented by indicators such as patents, total import and export, the number of patent, regional Theil index, disposable income, three waste emissions et al. .In terms of empirical research, the SBM model of undesirable output super-efficiency under the assumption of variable returns to scale is established to measure the Eco-efficiencies of 11 cities in Zhejiang Province. Secondly, Malmquist index model is estalished to study the temporal and spatial changes of Eco-efficiencies. Finally, the panel Tobit method is used for regression analysis to study the key factors affecting the Eco-efficiency of Zhejiang Province. The results show that the industrialization structure, economic level and export trade significantly positively correlated with Eco-efficiency. Urbanization level is significantly negatively correlated with Eco-efficiency.
The Effect of The Herbicide of Glyphosate (Nphosphonomethyll Glycine) On Photosynthetic Pigments And Photosynthetic Activity of Basil (Ocimum Basilicum L.) By Laser-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Authors: Tashish Wadah M. , Aldwayyan Abdullah S. , Ghaithan Hamid M.
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of short and long term exposure to N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine (glyphosate) on the photosynthetic activity of Ocimum basilicum L. (basil) plants. Photosynthetic pigment content, chlorophyll fluorescence, and laser-induced chlorophyll fluorescence spectra of basil plants treated for 30, 50, or 70 days with either 0,1, 2, or 3 ml/L (H2O) glyphosate were measured. The ratio of the two fluorescence intensity maxima was calculated by evaluating curve-fitted parameters. Findings revealed that after 30 days of treatment, 1 ml/l (H2O) of glyphosate stimulated, whereas 2 and 3 ml/l (H2O) of glyphosate inhibited, photosynthetic activity of basil plants. In contrast, all tested concentrations of glyphosate became inhibitory after 50 and 70 days of treatment. This study clearly showed that at high concentrations (> 1 ml/l (H2O)), glyphosate is highly toxic to basil. This finding may be helpful for determining the optimal dose of glyphosate in agricultural practices.
Event-triggered-based Cooperative Game Optimal Tracking Control for Modular Robot Manipulator with Constrained Input
Authors: Li Yuanchun , Wei Chongyang , An Tianjiao , Ma Bing , DONG BO
Published: December 2021

In this paper, a cooperative game optimal tracking control method based on event-triggered mechanism for constrained input modular robot manipulators (MRMs) system is introduced. According to the joint torque feedback (JTF) technique, the dynamics model of the constrained input subsystem is established and the global state space equation is derived. The control inputs of $n$ joints in the MRM system with constrained input are taken as $n$ participants of cooperative game, the tracking control problem of the manipulator system is transformed into the optimal control problem based on the cooperative game. Next, a fusion function containing position and velocity errors is defined to construct the performance index function. In order to improve the control performance and robustness of the manipulator system, part of the known model information is used to devise controller, the model uncertainty is dealt by the neural network (NN) observer, and the optimal compensation control strategy is used to deal with internal disturbance such as sensor measurement error and transmission ripple due to power fluctuations, electromagnetic effects, noise and vibration. Based on the adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) algorithm and event-triggered mechanism, the optimal tracking control strategy is obtained by approximately solving the event-triggered Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation with the critic NN. The Lyapunov theory proves that trajectory tracking error of MRM system with constrained input is uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB). Finally, the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
Rural Food Environment, Caregiver Influence and School-Aged Children’s Unhealthy Food Choice: New Evidence From Rural China
Authors: Li Jiajie , Ma Wanzhen , Yu Tongtong
Published: December 2021

Background

A large number of unhealthy foods with low nutrition content and safety issues exist in the rural food consumption environment of China. Guiding rural children to avoid eating unhealthy foods through family intervention has become much more critical. However, when current rural caregivers are once left behind by their parents and lack of family education in their childhood, how would they affect their children’s unhealthy food choices? The purpose of this study is to highlight the new evidence of current rural caregivers’ influences on children’s unhealthy food choices in China.
Methods

Based on a survey of 5611 pairs of rural school-aged children and their caregivers in seven provinces, the significant effects of caregivers’ types, parenting attitudes, and socio-demographic characteristics on children’s unhealthy food choices were evaluated through an ordered probit model.
Results

This study found that rural parents did not perform positive influence than rural grandparents as conventionally believed. When the caregiver type changing from parents to grandparents, the percentage of children who mildly accept unhealthy foods increased 6.94%, while the percentage of children who moderately and severely accept unhealthy foods decreased 6.48% and 0.46%, respectively. In addition, this study underscored the significance of caregivers’ neglectful parenting attitudes on the impact of children’s unhealthy eating behavior. When caregivers’ parenting attitudes changing from doting attitude to neglectful attitude, the percentage of children who mildly accept unhealthy foods decreased 9.75%, while the percentage of children who moderately and severely accept unhealthy foods increased 8.77% and 0.99%, respectively.
Conclusions

Our study proposes new evidence that the current rural parents’ inherent intention and preference for those unhealthy foods formed in their childhood would be much higher than rural grandparents and might have performed a significantly negative influence on their children. Our findings also have policy implications for health promotion professionals who look for intervention targets of caregivers to improve their health education effectiveness for children. For the health education toward rural caregivers, instead of focusing on the caregiver types, segmenting those rural caregivers with neglectful parenting attitude would be the key step to identify the intervention targets.