bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of teenage pregnancies on the health, nutrition, and development of first-born children: A community-based comparative study in a rural district at Bhopal
Authors: Swami Divya , Rao Paluvadi Venkata Prakasa
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The global problem of teenage pregnancy affects health of the young mother as well as health of the baby to be born. Being both a medical and public health problem, teenage mothers as well as their children are considered as high-risk groups. Current research work is a community-based comparative study to understand the consequences of teenage pregnancy on the health, nutrition, and developmental milestones of the first-born children.

Methods:

Three parameters, namely, fetal outcome, birth weight of the baby, and child’s milestones of development, were chosen to analyze the effects of teenage pregnancy on the first-born child. Mothers in a rural district at Bhopal were interviewed and then classified into two groups based on their age – teenage and non-teenage mothers.

Results:

The child of teenage mothers had 16% less chances of having birth weight >2.5 kg in comparison to the child of non-teenage mothers. A significant statistical difference in the fetal outcome (teenage mothers vs non-teenage mothers) was observed with a P value of 0.0008. Live births were 80.77% (63) in teenage mothers against 97.44% (76) in non-teenage mothers, whereas a low birth weight (LBW) of <1.5 kg was 5.35 times more in the teenage group.

Conclusion:

First-born children of non-teenage mothers were found to be healthier compared to those of the teenage mothers; teenage pregnancy has adverse effects on the health, nutrition, and development of the first-born children and may lead to problems such as still births, LBW, and pre-mature child birth.
Electrophysiological and radiological diagnosis of hereditary motor and sensory polyneuropathy
Authors: Al-Khlaiwi Thamir , Meo Imran , Butt Muhammad A. , Khan Adeena
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (HMSN), also known as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), is a member of the inherited neuropathy family with specific clinical and genetical manifestations. More than twenty genes have been linked to HMSN, and the number might increase. Regarding diagnosis, a healthcare provider should be suspicious if the patient is young with a family history. Integrative diagnosis, which includes electrophysiological, radiological, and genetic screening, is of great value to exclude metabolic, nutritive-toxic, infectious, and inflammatory or autoimmunological causes and to reach the exact subtype of hereditary neuropathy. Nowadays, next-generation sequencing-based analysis is becoming a routine diagnostic tool for inherited neuropathy, but if this facility is not available, electrophysiological and radiological diagnoses are the best diagnostic tools to be used. Differentiation between hereditary neuropathy and diabetic neuropathy is essential for primary care physicians to have the right plan.
Assessment of nomophobia and its determinants among adults and adolescents in Semi-urban Chennai
Authors: Balamurugan Vinodhini , Ravi Abinaya , Mer Hetal Tejas , Chellamuthu Lalithambigai , Devarasu Usha , Balamurugan Karthik
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The mobile phone has evolved into an indispensable accessory carried by everyone. With its increasing usage, there is a parallel rise in mobile phone addictions. Nomophobia, short for no mobile phone phobia, is characterized as a fear specific to the absence of mobile phones.

Objectives:

(1) To assess the prevalence of nomophobia among adolescents and adults residing in semi-urban Chennai. (2) To understand the patterns of mobile phone usage and explore the health-related consequences of nomophobia.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents and adults (15–50 years) in semi-urban Chennai from July to September 2022. The sample size was 220, and the study utilized the Test of Mobile Phone Dependence Brief as an assessment tool. Participants scoring >30 were identified as nomophobic, indicating mobile phone dependence.

Results:

Among the 220 study participants, there was an almost equal distribution between males and females, with a majority falling within the 21–25 age group. Approximately 26.1% belonged to the upper middle class and 89.1% were married. The prevalence of nomophobia was notably high at 68.6% (151 out of 220). A significant association was found between social class and mobile phone addiction, with the middle class exhibiting higher levels of addiction.

Conclusion:

The study highlights that a substantial majority of adults exhibit mobile phone addiction, almost two-thirds of the participants. There is a pressing need for health awareness programmes targeting adults to educate them about the adverse effects of mobile phone addiction. Additionally, reinforcing strategies for effective and time-restricted mobile phone usage is essential.
Prevalence of impacted and transmigrated canines in orthodontic patients – A radiographic study
Authors: Kaur Sukhpal , Prashar Anil , Arora Vishal Kumar , Singh Tejveer , Sethi Oshin , Malhi Ravneet , Gambhir Ramandeep Singh
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The canine plays a vital role in dentofacial aesthetics and function. It supports the base of the alar and upper lip, which are crucial for smile aesthetics. When impacted, these functions are lost, leading to low self-esteem and overall poor health-related quality of life. The present study was conducted to find the prevalence of impacted and transmigrated canines in orthodontic patients and also to find the most prevalent type of canine impaction.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective study was conducted in a hospital setting at Dental College. A total of 3050 OPGs (Orthopantomagram) of patients who visited dental hospitals for orthodontic treatment constituted the final sample. Demographic details regarding age, gender, and place of residence were collected from the patients. Evaluation of sample radiographs on the standard light box was performed to collect data regarding impacted and transmigrated canines. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test.

Results:

Prevalence of impacted canine was found to be 2.46%. Impacted canine prevalence of 1.53% and 2.85% was reported in males and females, respectively. Only two female patients had transmigrated mandibular impacted canines. Comparison of arch showed a statistically significant (P value 0.02) higher prevalence in the maxillary arch, which was 1.54%, and in the mandibular arch, it was 0.92%. The present study reported significantly more unilateral impactions (P value 0.00) than bilateral impactions.

Conclusion:

The overall prevalence for impacted canine was 2.46%. Prevalence was higher in female patients. Early diagnosis of impacted canines is vital for planning orthodontic treatment in such patients.
Isoperimetric inequality for Finsler manifolds with non-negative Ricci curvature
Authors: Manini Davide
Published: June 2024

We prove a sharp isoperimetric inequality for measured Finsler manifolds having non-negative Ricci curvature and Euclidean volume growth. We also prove a rigidity result for this inequality, under the additional hypotheses of boundedness of the isoperimetric set and the finite reversibility of the space. As a consequence, we deduce the rigidity of the weighted anisotropic isoperimetric inequality for cones in the Euclidean space, in the irreversible setting.
Research progress of ferroptosis regulating lipid peroxidation and metabolism in occurrence and development of primary liver cancer
Authors: Shu Yu-Jie , Lao Bo , Qiu Ying-Yang
Published: June 2024

As a highly aggressive tumor, the pathophysiological mechanism of primary liver cancer has attracted much attention. In recent years, factors such as ferroptosis regulation, lipid peroxidation and metabolic abnormalities have emerged in the study of liver cancer, providing a new perspective for understanding the development of liver cancer. Ferroptosis regulation, lipid peroxidation and metabolic abnormalities play important roles in the occurrence and development of liver cancer. The regulation of ferroptosis is involved in apoptosis and necrosis, affecting cell survival and death. Lipid peroxidation promotes oxidative damage and promotes the invasion of liver cancer cells. Metabolic abnormalities, especially the disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism, directly affect the proliferation and growth of liver cancer cells. Studies of ferroptosis regulation and lipid peroxidation may help to discover new therapeutic targets and improve therapeutic outcomes. The understanding of metabolic abnormalities can provide new ideas for the prevention of liver cancer, and reduce the risk of disease by adjusting the metabolic process. This review focuses on the key roles of ferroptosis regulation, lipid peroxidation and metabolic abnormalities in this process.
Therapeutic strategies targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway in metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhou Yi , Wu Shuang , Qu Fan-Jie
Published: June 2024

More than 1.9 million new colorectal cancer (CRC) cases and 935000 deaths were estimated to occur worldwide in 2020, representing about one in ten cancer cases and deaths. Overall, colorectal ranks third in incidence, but second in mortality. More than half of the patients are in advanced stages at diagnosis. Treatment options are complex because of the heterogeneity of the patient population, including different molecular subtypes. Treatments have included conventional fluorouracil-based chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, etc. In recent years, with the development of genetic testing technology, more and more targeted drugs have been applied to the treatment of CRC, which has further prolonged the survival of metastatic CRC patients.
Efficacy comparison of fruquintinib, regorafenib monotherapy or plus programmed death-1 inhibitors for microsatellite stable metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: An Tian-Qi , Qiu Hui , Zhou Quan-Bo , Zong Hong , Hu Shuang , Lian Yu-Gui , Zhao Rui-Hua
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Regorafenib (R) and fruquintinib (F) are the standard third-line regimens for colorectal cancer (CRC) according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines, but both have limited efficacy. Several phase 2 trials have indicated that R or F combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors can reverse immunosuppression and achieve promising efficacy for microsatellite stable or proficient mismatch repair (MSS/pMMR ) CRC. Due to the lack of studies comparing the efficacy between F, R, F plus programmed death-1 (PD-1 ) inhibitor, and R plus PD-1 inhibitors (RP), it is still unclear whether the combination therapy is more effective than monotherapy.

AIM

To provide critical evidence for selecting the appropriate drugs for MSS/pMMR metastatic CRC (mCRC) patients in clinical practice.

METHODS

A total of 2639 CRC patients were enrolled from January 2018 to September 2022 in our hospital, and 313 MSS/pMMR mCRC patients were finally included.

RESULTS

A total of 313 eligible patients were divided into F (n = 70), R (n = 67), F plus PD-1 inhibitor (FP) (n = 95) and RP (n = 81) groups. The key clinical characteristics were well balanced among the groups. The median progression-free survival (PFS) of the F, R, FP, and RP groups was 3.5 months, 3.6 months, 4.9 months, and 3.0 months, respectively. The median overall survival (OS) was 14.6 months, 15.7 months, 16.7 months, and 14.1 months. The FP regimen had an improved disease control rate (DCR) (P = 0.044) and 6-month PFS (P = 0.014) and exhibited a better trend in PFS (P = 0.057) compared with F, and it was also significantly better in PFS than RP (P = 0.030). RP did not confer a significant survival benefit; instead, the R group had a trend toward greater benefit with OS (P = 0.080) compared with RP. No significant differences were observed between the R and F groups in PFS or OS (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION

FP is superior to F in achieving 6-month PFS and DCR, while RP is not better than R. FP has an improved PFS and 6-month PFS compared with RP, but F and R had similar clinical efficacy. Therefore, FP may be a highly promising strategy in the treatment of MSS/pMMR mCRC.
Aspirin suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression by inhibiting platelet activity
Authors: Zhao Li-Jun , Wang Zhi-Yin , Liu Wei-Ting , Yu Li-Li , Qi Hao-Nan , Ren Jie , Zhang Chen-Guang
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common malignant liver disease in the world. Platelets (PLTs) are known to play a key role in the maintenance of liver homeostasis and the pathophysiological processes of a variety of liver diseases. Aspirin is the most classic antiplatelet agent. However, the molecular mechanism of platelet action and whether aspirin can affect HCC progression by inhibiting platelet activity need further study.

AIM

To explore the impact of the antiplatelet effect of aspirin on the development of HCC.

METHODS

Platelet-rich plasma, platelet plasma, pure platelet, and platelet lysate were prepared, and a coculture model of PLTs and HCC cells was established. CCK-8 analysis, apoptosis analysis, Transwell analysis, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to analyze the effects of PLTs on the growth, metastasis, and inflammatory microenvironment of HCC. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the effects of platelet activation on tumor-related signaling pathways. Aspirin was used to block the activation and aggregation of PLTs both in vitro and in vivo , and the effect of PLTs on the progression of HCC was detected.

RESULTS

PLTs significantly promoted the growth, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and formation of an inflammatory microenvironment in HCC cells. Activated PLTs promoted HCC progression by activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase/protein kinase B/signal transducer and activator of transcription three (MAPK/ AKT/STAT3) signaling axis. Additionally, aspirin inhibited HCC progression in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting platelet activation.

CONCLUSION

PLTs play an important role in the pathogenesis of HCC, and aspirin can affect HCC progression by inhibiting platelet activity. These results suggest that antiplatelet therapy has promising application prospects in the treatment and combined treatment of HCC.
Circ_0004592: An auxiliary diagnostic biomarker for gastric cancer
Authors: Kong Shan , Xu Yan-Hua , Zheng Ming , Ju Shao-Qing , Shi Heng-Chuan
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Gastric cancer (GC) has a high mortality rate, and robust diagnostic biomarkers are currently lacking. However, the clinical relevance of circular RNAs (circRNAs) as GC biomarkers remains largely unexplored.

AIM

To evaluate the potential of novel circRNA circ_0004592 in the early screening and prognosis of GC.

METHODS

High-throughput sequencing of circRNAs was performed to screen for potential target molecules. Circ_0004592 expression was examined in GC tissues, cells, and plasma. Plasma samples were collected from healthy subjects’ patients, as well as from patients with benign lesions, precancerous lesions, and GC, whereafter the diagnostic accuracy of circ_0004592 was evaluated. The correlation between circ_0004592 levels in plasma and clinicopathological data of patients with GC was further analyzed.

RESULTS

Circ_0004592 was upregulated in both the tissue and plasma of patients with GC. Further, circ_0004592 expression was higher in patients with precancerous lesions than in healthy controls while being highest in patients with GC. In the same patient, the postoperative plasma level of circ_0004592 was lower than that in the preoperative period. Moreover, circ_0004592 level was significantly correlated with tumor differentiation, tumor depth, and lymph node metastasis. The area under the curve (AUC) of plasma circ_0004592 exhibited high sensitivity and specificity for differentiating patients with GC from healthy donors. Diagnosis based on circ_0004592, carcinoembryonic antigen, and cancer antigen 199 achieved a superior AUC and was highly sensitive.

CONCLUSION

Plasma circ_0004592 may represent a potential non-invasive auxiliary diagnostic biomarker for patients with GC.
Organ and function preservation in gastrointestinal cancer: Current and future perspectives on endoscopic ablation
Authors: Soliman Youssef Yousry , Soliman Megan , Reddy Shravani , Lin James , Kachaamy Toufic
Published: June 2024

The escalating prevalence of gastrointestinal cancers underscores the urgency for transformative approaches. Current treatment costs amount to billions of dollars annually, combined with the risks and comorbidities associated with invasive surgery. This highlights the importance of less invasive alternatives with organ preservation being a central aspect of the treatment paradigm. The current standard of care typically involves neoadjuvant systemic therapy followed by surgical resection. There is a growing interest in organ preservation approaches by way of minimizing extensive surgical resections. Endoscopic ablation has proven to be useful in precursor lesions, as well as in palliative cases of unresectable disease. More recently, there has been an increase in reports on the utility of adjunct endoscopic ablative techniques for downstaging disease as well as contributing to non-surgical complete clinical response. This expansive field within endoscopic oncology holds great potential for advancing patient care. By addressing challenges, fostering collaboration, and embracing technological advancements, the gastrointestinal cancer treatment paradigm can shift towards a more sustainable and patient-centric future emphasizing organ and function preservation. This editorial examines the evolving landscape of endoscopic ablation strategies, emphasizing their potential to improve patient outcomes. We briefly review current applications of endoscopic ablation in the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, bile ducts, and colon.
Still elusive: Developments in the accurate diagnosis of indeterminate biliary strictures
Authors: Affarah Lynn , Berry Philip , Kotha Sreelakshmi
Published: June 2024

Indeterminate biliary strictures pose a significant diagnostic dilemma for gastroenterologists. Despite advances in endoscopic techniques and instruments, it is difficult to differentiate between benign and malignant pathology. A positive histological diagnosis is always preferred prior to high risk hepatobiliary surgery, or to inform other types of therapy. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with brushings has low sensitivity and despite significant improvements in instruments there is still an unacceptably high false negative rate. Other methods such as endoscopic ultrasound and cholangioscopy have improved diagnostic quality. In this review we explore the techniques available to aid accurate diagnosis of indeterminate biliary strictures and obtain accurate histology to facilitate clinical management.
Surgical strategies for challenging common bile duct stones in the endoscopic era: A comprehensive review of current evidence
Authors: Suwatthanarak Tharathorn , Chinswangwatanakul Vitoon , Methasate Asada , Phalanusitthepha Chainarong , Tanabe Minoru , Akita Keiichi , Akaraviputh Thawatchai
Published: June 2024

While endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) remains the primary treatment modality for common bile duct stones (CBDS) or choledocholithiasis due to advancements in instruments, surgical intervention, known as common bile duct exploration (CBDE), is still necessary in cases of difficult CBDS, failed endoscopic treatment, or altered anatomy. Recent evidence also supports CBDE in patients requesting single-step cholecystectomy and bile duct stone removal with comparable outcomes. This review elucidates relevant clinical anatomy, selection indications, and outcomes to enhance surgical understanding. The selection between trans-cystic (TC) vs trans-choledochal (TD) approaches is described, along with stone removal techniques and ductal closure. Detailed surgical techniques and strategies for both the TC and TD approaches, including instrument selection, is also provided. Additionally, this review comprehensively addresses operation-specific complications such as bile leakage, stricture, and entrapment, and focuses on preventive measures and treatment strategies. This review aims to optimize the management of CBDS through laparoscopic CBDE, with the goal of improving patient outcomes and minimizing risks.
Pleomorphic leiomyosarcoma of the maxilla with metastasis to the colon: A case report
Authors: Alnajjar Asma , Alfadda Abdulrahman , Alqaraawi Abdullah Mohammad , Alajlan Bader , Atallah Jean Paul , AlHussaini Hussah Fahad
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Pleomorphic leiomyosarcomas make up around 8.6% of all leiomyosarcomas. They behave aggressively and often have poor prognoses. They can affect the gastrointestinal tract and retroperitoneum. To date, pleomorphic leiomyosarcoma involving the mesocolon have been reported in nine patients.

CASE SUMMARY

The patient was a 44-year-old man with a history of pleomorphic leiomyosarcoma of the left maxilla with metastasis to the lung and liver. His most recent positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scan showed uptake in the ascending and transverse colons. A colonoscopy revealed a 5.0 cm × 3.5 cm × 3.0 cm pedunculated polyp in the ascending colon. The polyp was removed using hot snare polypectomy technique and retrieved with Rothnet. Histopathologic examination of the polyp showed a metastatic pleomorphic leiomyosarcoma.

CONCLUSION

Uptake(s) on PET-CT in a patient with pleomorphic leiomyosarcoma should raise suspicion for metastasis.
Steel Bars and Forgings 0.50Cr - 0.55Ni - 0.25Mo (0.38 - 0.43C) (SAE 8740) Heat Treated, 125 ksi (862 MPa) Tensile Strength
Authors:   AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Published: June 2024

This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of bars and forgings 1.50 inches or less in diameter or least distance between parallel sides (thickness).
The beginning of the Neolithic in the central Balkans
Authors: Porčić Marko
Published: June 2024

Since 2020 a wealth of new data has been generated on the beginning of the Neolithic in the central Balkans. The picture that has emerged is broadly consistent with the Wave of Advance model, with the first farmers arriving in the region around 6250 BC and expanding gradually towards the north. In this paper, an updated review of the evidence and interpretations is presented, and potentially problematic or ambiguous aspects of the current interpretations of the Neolithic expansion in the Balkans are identified. Alternative hypotheses and means of their testing are also discussed.
Po co radcom prawnym samorząd? Kontrowersje w związku z wnioskiem skierowanym do Trybunału Konstytucyjnego w sprawie K6/22
Authors: Sylwestrzak Dorota
Published: June 2024

One of the foundations of a democratic state of law is to base power and public administration on the principle of decentralization. Public administration tasks are performed by both central and local government administration bodies. Moreover, these tasks are entrusted to other public law entities, e.g. special self-governments (professional, economic), administrative establishments, foundations, and associations. In Poland, there is currently a noticeable process of centralization of power and limitation of the independence of local governments, in particular territorial and professional ones. The author briefly presents the essence of decentralization, the principle of self-government and the justification for leaving autonomy to the self-government of attorneys-at-law in the context of the arguments raised in the application to the Constitutional Tribunal of Poland in case file no. K 6/22.
Hulajnogi elektryczne w perspektywie prawa karnego i prawa wykroczeń
Authors: Kluza Jan
Published: June 2024

The article raises the issue of the status of electric scooters under criminal law and misdemeanor law. The Act of 2021 regulates the legal status of these vehicles and other personal transport devices under the provisions of the road traffic law. However, the status of the driver of such vehicles under the broadly understood criminal law remains an open question. The concept of a motor vehicle functioning in the provisions of the Penal Code and the Code of Petty Offenses is not defined, which raises doubts about whether the new regulations on electric scooters and personal transport devices fall within the scope of the definition of a motor vehicle, and consequently, whether such persons can be held liable under certain types of prohibited acts specified in the Polish Penal Code and Polish Code of Petty Offenses.
Podstawy apelacji w postępowaniu uproszczonym
Authors: Czubala Michał
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the issue of the grounds for appeal in simplified proceedings, as provided for in Article 505(9) §1(1) of the Polish Code of Civil Procedure. Particularly significant is whether, within these grounds, it is permissible – in light of the judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal of Poland of January 13, 2004, case file no. SK 10/03 – to challenge the factual findings of the first-instance court. Furthermore, it has been considered whether the appellate court is bound by the grounds raised in the appeal. For this purpose, the characteristic features of the full appeal model and the limited appeal model are analysed. Since the entry into force of the amendment to the Polish Code of Civil Procedure on November 7, 2019, the model of appeal in simplified proceedings is similar to the full appeal model, although the regulations in this regard are not consistent and coherent. Therefore, the appellate court in small claims proceedings is not bound by the grounds for appeal. Furthermore, taking into account the indications of the Constitutional Tribunal of Poland in the judgement mentioned above, it must be acknowledged that within the grounds for appeal in small claims proceedings, it is permissible to question the factual findings of the first-instance court. Due to the ambiguity of the legal regulations, the legislator must decide if the model of the appeal in small claims proceedings is supposed to be a full appeal model – in this case, the regulations concerning the appeal in small claims proceedings are superfluous – or is it supposed to be a limited appeal model – in this case, it is necessary to regulate the appeal anew.
Możliwości prawne i perspektywy osądzenia rosyjskiej agresji na Ukrainę
Authors: Uniejewski Jan
Published: June 2024

The unjustified aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine in 2022 is a clear example of a violation of the fundamental prohibition of the international legal order to use the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state or in any other way inconsistent with the principles of the United Nations. The unimaginable scale of evil done does not allow for this act to be ignored without holding all those involved in planning or carrying out this crime accountable for it and without compensating for the losses incurred as a result of it. Liability for aggression is a multifaceted issue, which renders it difficult to understand the discussions in the public sphere. The presented considerations organize the necessary knowledge by presenting the legal possibilities and perspectives of judging Russian aggression against Ukraine. Four potential possibilities of holding the perpetrators of this aggression to account and the issue of international liability of the aggressor state are analyzed. The comments made do not exhaust the entire wealth of the issues in question, but they explain the normative bases and possibility of their application.
Orzeczenie o obowiązku naprawienia szkody przez członka zarządu spółki w procesie karnym. Glosa do wyroku Sądu Najwyższego z dnia 26 stycznia 2016 r., V KK 323/15 (krytyczna)
Authors: Matejko Witold
Published: June 2024

The commented judgment is part of the line of jurisprudence advocating the thesis that, on the grounds of the so-called anti-accumulation clause of Article 415 § 1 of the Polish Code of Criminal Procedure, it is inadmissible to impose on a convicted member of the management board of a limited liability company an obligation to repair damage in favour of a wronged creditor of that company if the creditor has previously obtained an enforcement title against the company. In the author’s opinion, such an interpretation is not correct. The assumption that there is a subjective identity between a limited liability company and a member of its management board is, in the author’s opinion, contrary to the fundamental norms of civil law and commercial companies law. Contrary to the theses of the Polish Supreme Court outlined in the justification of the ruling, a creditor has no legal grounds to pursue, based on an enforceable title issued against the company, a claim against a member of the management board at the enforcement stage.
Analysis of Teaching Quality Factors at Aviation Vocational Education
Authors: Suyatmo Suyatmo , Ekohariadi Ekohariadi , Wardhono Ari
Published: June 2024

Objective: The decreasing absorption capacity of vocational education graduates indicates barriers to teaching quality. This Research aims to analyze the factors that influence the quality of vocational learning. Method: This Research uses quantitative methods. The sample is aircraft maintenance engineering students at Aviation Polytechnic. Data analysis uses the Structural Equation Model-Partial Least Square. Result: Validation of the research instrument resulted in the loading factor, AVE, Cronbach Alfa, and SRMR meeting the requirements, so the instrument and variables were declared valid and reliable, and the model was declared fit. Lecturer behavior and the quality of learning and learning resources have a direct and significant positive relationship. Meanwhile, management support through learning resources has influenced the quality of learning by 51.0%. Novelty: The quality of learning in vocational education is influenced by the role of lecturer behavior and management support in providing and managing quality learning resources. The collaboration of those three aspects can improve the quality of competency of vocational education graduates. The high competency of aviation vocational education graduates can increase the absorption capacity of graduates in the era of Revolution 4.0.
A Comprehensive Exploration of Lecturer’s Written Corrective Feedback on Students’ Counterargument Paragraphs in Enhancing Argumentative Writing Proficiency
Authors: Arrosyidah Himma Jihadiah , Munir Ahmad , Mustofa Ali
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study delved into the methods employed by lecturers when offering feedback on argumentative essays authored by students. It particularly emphasized examining the feedback mechanism about counterargument paragraphs within these essays. Method: The research utilized a qualitative method to delve into the feedback provided by the lecturer on students' argumentative essays. This involved thoroughly exploring the various types of feedback imparted by the lecturer. Additionally, document analysis served as the primary means of data collection, enabling a comprehensive examination of written feedback and its nuance. Results: The results emphasize the importance of feedback in improving writing skills and suggest that lecturers should continue to give clear and direct feedback. Novelty:  In the context of existing literature on lecturer's written corrective feedback, this study provides valuable insights into students' argumentative writing dynamics. It highlights the significance of using clear feedback to enhance writing skills, benefiting lecturers and students in academic writing. Additionally, feedback on counterarguments could increase writing proficiency since it is usually the weakest point.
Digital Literacy Training: Its Impact on Teachers in Busoga Region, Eastern Uganda
Authors: Okoed Martin , Bileti Emmanuel Acidri
Published: June 2024

Objective:  This study evaluated the impact of digital literacy training on teachers in Busoga region, Eastern Uganda. Specifically, it assessed the impact of digital literacy training on teachers' skills and knowledge, evaluated facilitators' effectiveness in delivering the training program, and investigated teachers' proposals for promoting ICT integration in secondary schools. Method: A convergent parallel mixed methods design was used; data was collected from 300 teachers through online questionnaires and focus group discussions. Results: It was revealed that the digital literacy training very positively impacted the skills/knowledge of teachers in the Busoga Region. Furthermore, the result indicated high satisfaction with the facilitators' skills and responsiveness. Finally, teachers proposed the need for infrastructure enhancement, capacity building, resource provision, connectivity, and incorporation of ICT tools like smartphones, laptops, and projectors in teaching and learning. Novelty: This study contributes valuable empirical insights to the discourse on digital literacy training, stressing its role in fostering effective teaching practices. As technology continues to evolve, understanding its nuanced impact on teachers becomes increasingly crucial for shaping the future of education.
STATE OF SURGICAL CARE FOR NEWBORNS IN THE SITY OF ASTRAKHAN
Authors: Жидовинов А.А. , Пермяков П.Е. , Гончарова Л.А. , Юнусова А.М. , Чукарев С.В. , Молев Д.А. , Кузьмин В.Н. , Гущина С.Т.
Published: June 2024

Организация хирургической помощи новорожденным значительно влияет на эффективность лечения врожденной патологии перинатального периода. Хирургическая помощь новорожденным – важнейший раздел перинатальной медицины. Это обусловлено большим количеством врожденной патологии, требующей неотложного хирургического вмешательства. Цель – повысить эффективность лечения хирургической патологии новорожденных г. Астрахани. Материал и методы. В специализированном хирургическом блоке структурного подразделения № 2 ОДКБ им. Н.Н. Силищевой г. Астрахани за период с 2020 по 2022 г. под наблюдением находились 74 новорожденных с различной врожден‑ ной хирургической патологией. Результаты. Приведены результаты работы отделения хирургии новорожденных ОДКБ им. Н.Н. Силищевой г. Астра‑ хани, определены наиболее часто встречавшиеся заболевания, описаны виды хирургических пособий. В исследуемой группе детей преобладали врожденные пороки развития желудочно-кишечного тракта – 59 (79,7%) случаев. Проведено 78 оперативных вмешательств, из них в 31 случае операции выполнены с помощью эндоскопического доступа. Заключение. Сделан вывод об эффективности внедрения высокотехнологичных хирургических вмешательств в условиях активного взаимодействия со службами родовспоможения в специализированном отделении.

The organization of surgical care for newborns significantly affects the effectiveness of treatment of congenital pathology of the perinatal period. Surgical care for newborns is the most important section of perinatal medicine. This is due to a large number of congenital pathologies requiring urgent surgical intervention. Purpose – to increase the effectiveness of the treatment of surgical pathology of newborns in Astrakhan. Material and methods. In the specialized surgical block of the structural unit No. 2 of the N.N. Silishchevа Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital in Astrakhan for the period from 2020 to 2022, 74 newborns with various congenital surgical pathologies were under observation. Results. The article presents the results of the work of the Department of Neonatal Surgery in the N.N. Silishchevа Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital in Astrakhan, identifies the most common diseases, describes the types of surgical aids. In the study group of children, congenital malformations of the gastrointestinal tract prevailed – 59 (79.7%) cases. 78 surgical interventions were performed, of which 31 operations were performed using endoscopic access. Conclusion. The conclusion is made about the effectiveness of the introduction of high-tech surgical interventions in conditions of active interaction with maternity services in a specialized department.
A Youtube-ról történő tanulás pozitív oldalai az EKKE Pedagógiai kara hallgatóinak körében
Authors: Kenyeres Attila Zoltán
Published: June 2024

Az internetes oldalak és a közösségi média szerepét a tudományról szóló információszerzésben már több korábbi kutatás is kimutatta (lásd: Jarreau-Porter, 2018; Kenyeres, 2019), a 2000-es évek környékén született generációk médiafogyasztási idejének pedig több mint 30 százalékát felhasználó készítette (user-created content) tartalom megtekintése teszi ki (Dóbé–Rózsás, 2017). Ilyen felhasználó készítette tartalomnak számítanak a YouTube-on és a TikTokon gazdagon fellelhető videóanyagok is, melyek jelentős része kifejezetten ismeretterjesztő-oktató céllal készül. Ezek fogyasztói pedig nagyrészt a fiatal korosztályok tagjai közül kerülnek ki. Az Eszterházy Károly Katolikus Egyetem Pedagógiai Karának hallgatói körében 2022 őszén online kutatást végeztünk, amelyben azt igyekeztünk feltárni, milyen szerepet töltenek be a YouTube-on, TikTokon és egyéb felületeken elérhető videók a mindennapos tanulásukban. Az online kérdőívünket részben közösségimédia-felületeken osztottuk meg, részben tanórák keretében történt a kitöltetés. Összesen 202 egyetemista töltötte ki az önbevalláson alapuló kérdőívet. A kutatás során azt vizsgáltuk, mennyire gyakori, hogy tanulási célra használják a YouTube-ot, illetve milyen csatornákat néznek ilyen szándékkal. A kritikai attitűd feltárására is törekedtünk, illetve a YouTube-ról történő tanulás előnyeit és hátrányait is vizsgáltuk. Jelen publikációnkban azt mutatjuk be, milyen témakörökben tanulnak a YouTube-ról a kérdőívünket kitöltő egri egyetemisták, és milyen pozitív hatásokat említettek ennek relációjában.
Pharmacokinetic profile and incurred sample stability of hydroxychloroquine in Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling (VAMS) using high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array
Authors: Hadi Gregorio Fernando , Harahap Yahdiana , Sunarsih
Published: June 2024

Background: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a quinoline compound derived from chloroquine used to treat SLE. An in vitro stability evaluation was conducted to develop and validate the hydroxychloroquine analysis method. However, an assessment of the incurred sample stability is needed to ensure drug effectiveness, as in vitro evaluation doesn't reflect drug metabolism processes in the body.
Objective: This research aims to obtain a pharmacokinetic profile of hydroxychloroquine using Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling (VAMS) as a safe sampling technique to use during the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluate the incurred sample stability of hydroxychloroquine samples.
Methods: The chromatographic conditions used were column C18 (Waters, XBridge; 250 × 4.6 mm; 5μm); mobile phase acetonitrile-1% diethylamine (65:35); flow rate of 0.8 mL/min; column temperature 45°C; PDA detector analysis wavelength of 332 nm; and chloroquine as internal standard.
Results: The pharmacokinetic profile of hydroxychloroquine in VAMS samples gave results that the Cmax ranged from 322.61-505.32 ng/mL with an average of 425.33 ± 65.90 ng/mL; tmax was 4 hours; mean t1/2 was 23.32 ± 9.65 hours; mean AUC0-72 was 5103.63 ± 1419.66 ng.h/mL; mean AUC0-∞ was 5763.97 ± 2155.26 ng.h/mL, and the AUC ratio was above 80%.
Conclusion: The incurred sample stability of hydroxychloroquine in VAMS met the 2011 EMEA Bioanalytical Guideline requirements up to day 30.
Development and validation of a dissolution test for andrographolide dispersible tablets using UV-Vis spectrophotometry
Authors: Rohana Evieta , Ekawati Nuraini , Hapsari Insilia Ivanna
Published: June 2024

Background: Andrographolide, a terpenoid in an herbal plant, potentially has antidiabetic properties. Dispersible tablets are one of the pharmaceutical dosage forms used to improve acceptability. It is necessary to evaluate the dissolution profile to ensure the drug’s efficacy.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the optimum condition of a dissolution test and its analysis for andrographolide dispersible tablets.
Method: The optimisation process involves varying solvents, pH, and mole ratio of ARS-Cu(II)-andrographolide to determine the best conditions for the dissolution test of andrographolide dispersible tablets. Validation and analysis are conducted using spectrophotometry UV-Vis.
Results: The optimal condition for the dissolution test was obtained with type II at 75 rpm, 900ml of citrate buffer medium with pH 3.1, and a temperature of 37±0.5ºC. The optimal analysis condition for the aliquot was obtained with Cu(II) metal and ARS reagents at pH 7, mole ratio 6:1:1.8, and a 15-minute optimum time. The maximum wavelength was 518nm using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The validation method has met the requirements.
Conclusion: A dissolution test and its analytical method of andrographolide dispersible tablet have been validated.
Review of natural antioxidant plants to overcome the neurotoxic effects of methamphetamine
Authors: Arto Sastha Sugih , Pangsibidang Reynatha C. A.
Published: June 2024

Background: Methamphetamine (METH) is a psychostimulant substance known for its substantial abuse potential and neurotoxic properties. METH is a second-line drug in certain conditions such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), severe obesity, or narcolepsy.
Objective: This study aims to compare natural plant antioxidants to overcome neurotoxicity caused by methamphetamine.
Method: The authors used a literature review method and collected articles from "PubMed", "Google Scholar", "ScienceDirect", "Scopus" from 2010 - 2023 without excluding old works that are often cited and trusted using the terms “Methamphetamine”, “Neurotoxicity”, “Ipomoea batatas L.”, “Scutellaria baicaleinsis Georgi ”, “Cinnamomum cassia”, “Laurus nobilis L.”, “Aronia melanocarpa”, “Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f.”, “Gingko biloba L.”, "Centella asiatica (L.)", "Curcuma longa Linn.", "Brassia oleracea L." as inclusion criteria.
Result: Several reviewed natural antioxidant plants exhibit pathways and substantial evidence from both in vivo and in vitro studies addressing methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity. However, Aronia melanocarpa demonstrates a superior LD50 profile, making it the safest choice for consumption.
Conclusion: Aronia melanocarpa had the highest LD50 value at 5 g/kg of body weight. Further research is needed to investigate the efficacy of Aronia melanocarpa in addressing methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity.
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge and Knowledge on Practice Regarding Assertive Behavior towards Prevention of Sexual abuse Among GNM Students Studying in Selected Nursing School in Mangaluru
Authors: Dsouza Veena S. , Pereira Sumitha S.
Published: June 2024

Abuse of sexual power is defined as any sexual act committed against the will of the victim. Various sexual behaviours, including forced oral sex, rape, and unwanted sexual touching, are included in this category of sexual violence, which is often referred to as sexual assault. No matter how the abuse was committed, the victim is not to blame, and help is offered to begin the healing process. The girls are more prone to sexual abuse and need to be assertive in those situations. For nurses, assertiveness is critical to attain full autonomy, professional standing, or empowerment. This study aims to evaluate participant’s understanding of the issue of assertive behaviour in the context of preventing sexual assault. This research aimed to make out current wisdom with practice related to assertive behaviour towards sexual abuse prevention, the productiveness of scrupulous learning plans, and the relationship between demographic variables selected for the study and subject data points. Prevention of sexual abuse among GNM students studying in some nursing schools in Mangaluru is a stratified disproportionate random sampling strategy used to choose the sample for this study, which included a pre-interventional one-group pre-test post-test research design. A systematic knowledge plus knowledge with practice questionnaire was used to collect data from sixty GNM students. Seven days after the structured teaching program (STP) began, a further exam using the same predetermined set of questions was given to evaluate the program's efficacy. The general mean knowledge percentage scores on the pre-and post-tests were 41.56% and 84.28%, respectively, according to the results. After administering STP, the mean knowledge and knowledge on practice score showed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). The calculated "t" values for practice knowledge (26.45) and knowledge (9.3) were more important than the table value (1.98) at the 0.05 level of significance. Therefore, the ‘study hypothesis’ was accepted, and the ‘null hypothesis’ was rejected, so there is a significant difference between the mean pre-test and post-test knowledge and knowledge on practice.
waltzes for piano by Chiquinha Gonzaga
Authors: Simões Ana Paula M.
Published: June 2024

This paper aims to investigate the waltzes for piano by Francisca Gonzaga to identify their main characteristics and the musical, technical, and reading challenges that piano students will encounter when practicing her pieces. All waltzes were performed, analyzed, and compared to pieces graded by Jane Magrath (1995) in order to be classified in a level of difficulty from one to ten. Here, their main characteristics are discussed and one waltz of each level is presented and analyzed as an example. It was observed that the levels of difficulty of Gonzaga’s waltzes range from six to ten and that they feature various technical and musical demands that can prepare students for a more advanced repertoire, such as pieces by Romantic composers. Chiquinha was an important female personality and her output deserves more recognition, not only for its historical importance and intrinsic quality but also for its pedagogical value. This paper intends to promote her works and stimulate piano teachers to include her pieces in the repertoire of their students.
Aspectos idiossincráticos da transcrição braille para teclados abordados a partir da peça “Gaúcho, O Corta-Jaca de cá e lá”, de Chiquinha Gonzaga
Authors: Rocha Franco Jéssica de Almeida , Franco Rocha Jonathan de Aquino
Published: June 2024

O presente artigo reflete sobre as condições da produção e da distribuição de partituras em braille para músicos cegos e com baixa visão no Brasil, baseando-se nos dados objetivos do censo realizado pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística em 2010 sobre pessoas com deficiência visual no Brasil, bem como na Lei Brasileira de Inclusão da Pessoa com Deficiência, de 2015, sobre materiais acessíveis para tal público. Tais dados conferem à realidade da transcrição braille a necessidade de fomentar a formação de editores e de distribuição de partituras. A escolha de uma composição de Chiquinha Gonzaga para transcrição braille decorreu do fato de que a compositora não apenas foi uma proeminente musicista de sua época, como também exerceu protagonismo feminino e destacou-se por seu pioneirismo em áreas antes dominadas pelo público masculino, abrindo caminho para que gerações seguintes prosseguissem no meio musical com ideais mais igualitários, rompendo padrões classistas no cenário artístico. Tal como a compositora, a área da musicografia braille ainda luta por um lugar igualitário no cenário musical. Por meio de um panorama sobre as problemáticas de transcrição braille de partituras para teclados, este artigo apresenta particularidades deste modo de escrita e leitura musical e razões pelas quais tal serviço exige uma sólida profissionalização.