bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
English Challenges for Romanian prosecutors in exercising their duties of defense during pre-trial stage
Authors: Gentimir Alina Mirabela
Published: January 2025

Current paper aims to emphasise that, over the time, it has been proven that the accuracy of an analysis of criminal procedural law is accomplished only whether it is certified by the conviction that norms and decisions of national and European courts enshrine and guarantee human rights. Thus, the legislation in criminal procedural matters can be rationalized compulsorily starting from European premises – “the unit of European conventionality” – and going further to constitutional, organic and ordinary normative requirements.
In the same time, from a methodological point of view, for reaching the human rights goals in criminal procedures, it is crucial to be adopted an approach which includes the requirement for the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code to be interpreted in the light of the general principles of the criminal trial – many of these principles being principles of human rights, in fact. Equally, indispensable appears the feature of the principle of subsidiarity of European protection of human rights which underlines the role of the main guarantees of the European Convention on Human Rights for national judicial authorities.
Whether a hierarchy of the rights relevant for criminal procedures is established, the right to defense should be one of the most important rights to discuss. This traditional approach underlines the horizontal effects of the right to defense, like the need to have regulated the defense of the suspect or the accused by Code of Criminal Procedure. Alike, the vertical effects of the right to defense complete the challenges for national judicial authorities. In this context, it has to be accentuated the role of the prosecutor within the criminal investigation and prosecution phase, respectively the prosecutor must defend the legal order and fundamental rights.
Beyond legal techniques, an exquisite study of the right of the defense must contain interdisciplinary references which value the current requirements for emancipation in criminal procedural matters focused on the legal education of civil society and the change of mentality of judicial authorities.
Recomandările Biroului ONU pentru Controlul Drogurilor și Prevenirea Criminalității (UNODC) privind măsurile privative de libertate și riscul la recidivă
Authors: Groza Gabriela-Ligia
Published: January 2025

Încă din anul 2007, Biroului ONU pentru Controlul Drogurilor și Prevenirea Criminalității face recomandări pentru evitarea măsurilor și a pedepselor privative de libertate. Un grup interguvernamental de experți au elaborat, începând cu anul 2023, documentul E/CN.15/2023/13 care prezintă strategiile statelor membre în combaterea recidivei penale. Unul dintre principiile de bază este evitarea arestării și a detenției. Experții opinează că timpul petrecut într-o unitate de detenție poate spori riscul infracțional și nu potențează reintegrarea. Aceste concluzii sunt contra-intuitive și ne așteptăm să nu fie primite cu ușurință de opinia publică care se simte mai în siguranță atunci când infractorii sunt izolați.
The (alleged) failure of private expert evidence in Hungarian civil litigation
Authors: Szepesi Bettina
Published: January 2025

The study examines why the Hungarian legislator decided to recognize the private expert commissioned by the testifying party as an expert on an equal footing with the court-appointed expert in the new Civil Procedure Code [Act CXXX of 2016 on the Civil Procedure Code (Ptk.)], entered into force on the 1st of  January 2018, and why the legislative efforts to make this method of expert evidence more widely available failed. It examines why the legislative intention was not fully implemented in practice. This legal instrument is not completely unknown: it was also used in previous procedural codes, although there are differing opinions about its nature, application and evaluation. The Ptk. sought to definitively resolve this uncertainty - not entirely successfully. The aim of this research is to examine the institutional system and regulatory nature of private experts.
During the codification of expert evidence, the legislator placed great emphasis on the regulation of private expert evidence. Already during the codification, numerous questions arose regarding the legal institution, but after the 2016 Civil Code, the expected ideas were not reflected in legal practice. The study examines the institution of private experts based on the practical experiences of domestic law.
Investigating the mechanisms to close gender inequality in Nigeria’s construction consultancy participation to achieving sustainable development Goal 5
Authors: Ebekozien Andrew , Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed Hafez , Thwala Wellington Didibhuku , Aigbavboa Clinton , Samsurijan Mohamad Shaharudin
Published: January 2025

The target date for achieving the 2030 UN Agenda [Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)] is fast approaching. The construction sector is critical to achieving many SDGs, including Goal 5. Studies regarding achieving Goal 5 (Gender Equality) in the construction industry, especially women’s consultancy participation in developing countries, are scarce and complexly interrelated. Societal problems and divergence may have contributed to this. Therefore, this study explores issues hindering gender equality and suggests measures to promote more women construction consultants through policy to improve achieving Goal 5 in Nigeria. The research employed face-to-face data collection via a qualitative mechanism to achieve this. The study covered Abuja and Lagos. It accomplished saturation at the 20th participant. The research utilised a thematic method to analyse the collected data from knowledgeable participants. The perceived hindrances facing Nigerian construction consultants’ gender equality were clustered into culture/religion-related, profession-related, and government-related encumbrances. Achieving Goal 5 will be a mirage if these issues are not addressed. Thus, the study recommended measures to motivate women to study construction-related programmes and employment opportunities, including consultancy services slots through programmes and policy mechanisms to achieve Goal 5. As part of the implications, the study suggests that Nigerian construction consultants and other stakeholders need to make feasible improvements to achieve gender equality (Goal 5).
Influence of environmental renewal on students’ mental health development under the background of long-term online teaching
Authors: Zhu Ligui , Li Boli
Published: January 2025

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence of online education in primary education has exhibited an upward trajectory. Relative to traditional learning environments, online instruction has evolved into a pivotal pedagogical modality for contemporary students. Thus, to comprehensively comprehend the repercussions of environmental changes on students’ psychological well-being in the backdrop of prolonged online education, this study employs an innovative methodology. Founded upon three elemental feature sequences—images, acoustics, and text extracted from online learning data—the model ingeniously amalgamates these facets. The fusion methodology aims to synergistically harness information from diverse perceptual channels to capture the students’ psychological states more comprehensively and accurately. To discern emotional features, the model leverages support vector machines (SVM), exhibiting commendable proficiency in handling emotional information. Moreover, to enhance the efficacy of psychological well-being prediction, this study incorporates an attention mechanism into the traditional Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture. By innovatively introducing this attention mechanism in CNN, the study observes a significant improvement in accuracy in identifying six psychological features, demonstrating the effectiveness of attention mechanisms in deep learning models. Finally, beyond model performance validation, this study delves into a profound analysis of the impact of environmental changes on students’ psychological well-being. This analysis furnishes valuable insights for formulating pertinent instructional strategies in the protracted context of online education, aiding educational institutions in better addressing the challenges posed to students’ psychological well-being in novel learning environments.
Driving sustainable agroforestry through carbon credit-based policies: Realities and perspectives
Authors: Awazi Nyong Princely
Published: January 2025

Carbon credit-based policies are important to driving sustainable practices worldwide. These policies have in the past focused mainly on wetlands, forests, and other ecosystems, neglecting agroforestry—which is a climate-smart and agroecological practice. This paper therefore seeks to examine how carbon credit-based policies can drive sustainable agroforestry through an in-depth empirical review of literature. It was found that the most common carbon credit-based policies and schemes are government-led, including the CCER (China Certified Emissions Reduction), ETS (EU Emissions Trading System), and the California Global Warming Solutions Act in the United States of America. These schemes focus on heavy emitters such as transportation, steel, and cement. Carbon credits guiding carbon credit-based policy formulation and implementation are mainly: Credits from avoided emissions (not cutting down trees); credits from reduced emissions (energy-efficient technologies); and credits from removed emissions (tree planting and carbon capture tech). Factoring in these 03 main types of carbon credits into the carbon credit policy framework will drive sustainable agroforestry across the world in general and the developing world in particular, as smallholder agroforestry farmers will be encouraged to practice agroforestry. One of the main stumbling blocks to the practice of agroforestry is the financial cost involved in its establishment and management, which the carbon credit scheme would offset. Besides driving sustainable agroforestry, carbon credit-based policies in the domain of agroforestry would provide other co-benefits such as employment generation; technology transfer; improved energy security and access to energy services; improved livelihoods; improved air, water, or soil quality; and infrastructure development.
From Singularity to Skyward Life: The Qur’an’s Scientific Wonders Explained
Authors: Suparno Suparno
Published: January 2025

Objective: The objective of this study is to understand piece by piece the scientific miracles of a 1400-year-old book, the Qur'an, with an aim to determine whether this book was written by humans or divine revelation.
 
theoretical framework: The PISCES theoretical framework is adopted starting by taking a verse, interpreting the verse scientifically, and comparing it with established science. An explanation of modern science is given so that the reader understands the similarities and differences of the verse with today's modern science.
 
Method: This comparative method focuses on similarities with established modern science and differences with opposing theories. After sufficient comparison, discussion, and analysis, claims about the miracle of the verse are made according to ESCOMBARS which is the establishment of scientific claims on miracle based on the aggreement with the referred science.
 
Results: The results show ten scientific miracles of the verses of the Qur'an ranging from singularity, the Big Bang theory, the expanding the ory of the universe, the Big Crunch theory of the end of the universe, the origin of water and iron from outer space to the protection of humans provided by the sky and the existence of living things in the sky. People will be surprised by the similarities of this old book with modern science and conclude that it is impossible for humans to write this book. Therefore, a substantial question arises: was it written by humans with the help of intelligent aliens or was it simply a divine revelation?
#SPODF2024-CC3 Tratamento ortodôntico- -cirúrgico de uma Classe III esquelética – Caso clínico
Authors:   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, Sousa Daniela , Gomes Sara ,   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, Maura Carlota ,   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, Gomes Patrícia ,   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, Godinho Joana ,   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa, Jardim Luís ,   Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa
Published: January 2025

Introdução: A prevalência da Classe III esquelética na Europa é de 4,88%. Destes, cerca de 40% são dolicofaciais com assimetria facial percetível, sobretudo na posição do mento. A má oclusão leva a uma baixa autoestima e dificuldades na interação social.Assim sendo, o principal objetivo do tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico é reposicionar os dentes e maxilares, de modo a obter um perfil harmonioso, boa oclusão e função mastigatória. Descrição do caso clínico: Paciente do sexo masculino, 25 anos, saudável, referenciado para tratamento ortodôntico- cirúrgico. Foram realizados modelos de estudo, registos fotográficos e exames radiográficos de diagnóstico. Os traçados cefalométricos foram realizados com o software NemoCeph. O paciente tinha face oval, padrão dolicofacial e desvio mandibular para a direita. Observou-se persistência do dente 73, ausência dos dentes 38 e 48, Classe III molar e canina, mordida cruzada posterior e topo-a-topo anterior, linha média dentária superior alinhada e inferior desviada 3mm para a direita em relação à linha média facial. A relação basal intermaxilar era mesial (Witts=-7,1), com rotação posterior da mandíbula (MP-SN=46º) e retroinclinação dos incisivos inferiores (ii-MP=- 74º). Plano de tratamento: aparatologia fixa bimaxilar, com exodontia dos dentes 73, 14, 24, 18 e 28 e cirurgia ortognática de avanço maxilar e recuo mandibular. Após conclusão do tratamento foram colocados retentores linguais fixos e um aparelho de Hawley superior. Os registos pós-tratamento mostram um perfil reto, Classe I esquelética, Classe II molar e Classe I canina, com os incisivos inferiores normoposicionados. Discussão: As extrações de pré-molares maxilares possibilitaram melhorar a inclinação dos incisivos e aumentar o overjet negativo, possibilitando uma maior redução da Classe III esquelética. A cirurgia bimaxilar corrigiu a discrepância esquelética sagital, bem como a assimetria mandibular. Conclusões: O plano ortodôntico- cirúrgico deve considerar não apenas a relação intermaxilar, dentária e esquelética, mas também a estética facial. A fase pré-cirúrgica tem como principal objetivo descompensar a inclinação dos incisivos de forma significativa, de modo a permitir uma amplitude de movimentos cirúrgicos suficiente para o restabelecimento da estética e da função. A realização da cirurgia ortognática melhorou a função, ao permitir a obtenção de Classe I canina e Classe II molar terapêutica e também harmonia facial, o que melhora a autoestima e confiança social, contribuindo para o bem-estar psicológico do paciente.
#SPODF2024-CC5 Verticalização controlada de setores latero-inferiores com recurso a microimplantes –Casos clínicos
Authors:   Egas Moniz School of Health and Science – Departamento de Ortodontia, Gomes Catarina , Patrão Mariana ,   Egas Moniz School of Health and Science – Departamento de Ortodontia, Pereira Pedro ,   Egas Moniz School of Health and Science – Departamento de Ortodontia
Published: January 2025

Introdução: A utilização de microimplantes como meio de ancoragem esquelética tem sido amplamente utilizada em Ortodontia nos últimos anos, permitindo controlar a ancoragem durante movimentos ortodônticos complexos. Uma das localizações extra-alveolares para a colocação destes dispositivos na mandíbula é na buccal shelf, ao nível da linha oblíqua externa, sendo frequentemente utilizados como fonte de ancoragem na camuflagem da mesioclusão. Podem também ser usados para verticalização dos blocos inferiores laterais. Todavia, a utilização desta abordagem requer conhecimento dos efeitos inerentes aos vetores de forças gerados. Neste sentido, recorrendo a casos clínicos, pretende-se descrever a mecânica envolvida na verticalização dos setores laterais inferiores ancorada a microimplantes colocados na buccal shelf, de uma forma controlada e previsível. Descrição do caso clínico: Dois pacientes adultos (34 e 51 anos) apresentavam mesioinclinação dos 4º e 6º sextantes, apinhamento moderado e proinclinação incisiva inferior. A verticalização dos setores laterais inferiores foi realizada com arcos segmentados de 2º molar ao canino, com recurso a microimplantes na buccal shelf. A força foi aplicada ao 1º molar ou ao 2º pré-molar, de forma a evitar os efeitos indesejáveis dos vetores de força. Em poucos meses verticalizou-se os blocos laterais, permitindo o alinhamento incisivo, prevenindo a proinclinação incisiva e a expansão transversal da arcada excessiva. Discussão: O alinhamento indiscriminado da arcada inferior com arco contínuo, na presença de dentes posteriores mesioinclinados, provoca proinclinação incisiva e aumento da distância intercanina, potenciais fatores de instabilidade pós-tratamento. A verticalização apoiada em microimplantes na buccal shelf com arcos segmentados permite evitar rotações indesejáveis nos planos sagital e transversal. No entanto, exige um correto conhecimento dos vetores de força desenvolvidos e a sua relação com o centro de resistência do bloco a verticalizar. Aproximando o ponto de aplicação da força da sua origem, minimiza esses efeitos, e aproveita a ação das fibras transeptais para a verticalização espontânea dos pré-molares e caninos. Conclusões: A verticalização em bloco através de microimplantes na buccal shelf mostrou-se eficaz. A escolha do ponto de aplicação da força é fundamental para evitar movimentos indesejáveis. A utilização desta técnica facilita a gestão de casos complexos, permitindo resultados mais previsíveis e estáveis.
A comparison between bariatric/metabolic surgery and medical treatment regarding diabetes remission: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Mirghani Hyder , Alghofaily Warif , Alshehri Nada , Alfakhri Abdulrahman
Published: January 2025

Weight management therapy has become a priority in diabetes management and remission. Previous meta-analyses on this critical topic are limited, often combining both trials and observational studies. This was the largest meta-analysis comparing bariatric surgery and medical treatment for diabetes remission and included only randomized controlled trials. Four databases were searched without date limitations, up to January 2024, using the following terms: diabetes remission, bariatric surgery, lifestyles, medical treatment, gastric banding, bypass surgery, biliopancreatic diversion, metabolic surgery, gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, adverse effects, side effects, and complications. A total of 1,027 studies were retrieved, of which 211 articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After screening 58 full texts, 19 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. Bariatric surgeries demonstrated superiority over drug treatment in achieving diabetes remission, with an odds ratio of 15.24 (95% CI, 5.72–40.60), Chi-square = 118.31, and p-value
Melasma aggravating and associated chronic diseases: a cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alroujayee Abdulaziz , Alfaqih Alanoud , Almutairi Atheer , Almutairi Rahaf , Alfaqih Abdulrahman , altowayan Ruba , Alharbi Tuqa
Published: January 2025

Objective:
This study aimed to study the major predisposing and aggravating factors of melasma and associated chronic diseases among the Saudi adult population.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia investigated melasma in adults, focusing on demographics, characteristics, treatment, predisposing and aggravating factors, and associated chronic diseases.
Results:
A total of 168 participants completed the survey. Most participants were female (96.4%), with a high prevalence in the 40-49 years age group (33.9%). Melasma was present for more than three years (43.8%). The centrofacial area was the most common site (61.3%). The most prominent aggravating factors for melasma were pregnancy (58.6%), sun exposure (38.3%), and use of oral contraceptives (14.8%). The most commonly associated chronic diseases were vitamin D deficiency (42.3%), diabetes mellitus type 2 (31%), and hypothyroidism (13.7%). Melasma treatment showed moderate improvement with 60.1% and no improvement with 29.1% of participants.
Conclusion:
In Saudi Arabia, melasma mainly affects women, with pregnancy, sun exposure, and oral contraceptives as key factors. This study also linked melasma with thyroid disorders. An association was found between melasma with vitamin D deficiency and diabetes mellitus type 2, which needs further research.
Predictors of Airway Compromise in Patients with Angioedema Presenting to the Emergency Room
Authors: Hassebo Mahmoud , Samman Ahmed , Sindi Faisal , Alamri Juri , Ossaif Kubra , Alhunaki Garam , Aljohni Shoroq , Shuaibi Saud , Allabun Farah , Elaiwah Suhib , Aldawsari Hissah
Published: January 2025

Angioedema is characterized by the rapid swelling of the deeper layers of the skin, often affecting the face, lips, tongue, and throat. In emergency settings, airway compromise is a significant concern due to the potential for airway obstruction. Several predictors can aid in identifying patients at higher risk for airway emergencies. These include the duration of the swelling, the involvement of the tongue or oropharynx, associated respiratory symptoms, and a known history of previous angioedema episodes. Rapid progression and the presence of associated symptoms such as dysphagia or stridor may also indicate an increased risk of airway obstruction, warranting immediate intervention. Other key risk factors include the patient's age, underlying health conditions (such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), and any potential triggers, such as medication use or allergic reactions. Past medical history can provide crucial insights; patients with hereditary angioedema or those who have previously experienced severe airway compromise are at greater risk. Clinicians should conduct a thorough assessment, including visual inspection and auscultation of the airway, to anticipate and manage potential complications effectively. Early recognition and timely intervention can significantly improve patient outcomes in these high-risk situations.
“Fugitive Slave / Fugitive Sailor”: Sailors’ Wardship and the Rhetoric of Emancipation in United States Maritime Reform, 1895-1898
Authors: Thayer Johnathan
Published: January 2025

In 1897, the United States Supreme Court ruled against four white merchant seamen protesting their arrest for desertion from the barque Arago in Astoria, Oregon, providing belated definition to the Thirteenth Amendment’s clause abolishing involuntary  servitude. The Supreme Court’s ruling against the Arago sailors represented a nadir in the devolution of Reconstruction-era  conceptions of free labor into an increasingly draconian system that insisted on absolute freedom of contract up to the point of self-enslavement. Competing conceptions of paternalism and sailors’ wardship motivated the cooptation of the rhetoric of emancipation by maritime reformers with the aim of affirming sailors’ rights to the full protections of the Thirteenth Amendment, and byextension United States citizenship.
“No information was given concerning the origin of this torpedo”: A Soviet Weapon at the Canadian War Museum
Authors: Noakes Jeff
Published: January 2025

Since 1960, the Canadian War Museum’s collection has included a Soviet torpedo whose history long remained obscure. Archival research has uncovered its 1951 transportation to Canada as part of a cargo of Soviet-made torpedoes and naval mines captured in North Korea, destined for analysis and training purposes. It has also revealed the intricacies and the implications of the technical analysis of the mines. This article examines the history of these weapons, and suggests some of the wider implications of their acquisition and analysis for the early Cold War Royal Canadian Navy, including potential areas for further research.
Influencia del tiempo de contacto y concentración de ácido paracético en la carga microbiana de pulpa de mango
Authors: Palacios Dember A. , Palacios Pedro M. , Sosa-León José L.
Published: January 2025

Esta investigación se hizo con el objetivo de determinar la influencia del tiempo de contacto y concentración de ácido paracético sobre la carga bacteriana de pulpa de mango. Para esta investigación se utilizó mango IQF variedad Edward orgánico proveniente de Agroindustrias Naser. Se evaluaron dos niveles de concentración de ácido paracético (40 y 80 ppm) y tres niveles de tiempo de contacto (10, 20 y 40 segundos), en un diseño factorial de 2x3. Los resultados mostraron valores microbiológicos en los tratamientos T1, T2, T3, T4 fueron > 10 UFC/g estando fuera de los parámetros microbiológicos que exigen los clientes; mientras que los tratamientos T5 y T6 si cumplieron con las fichas técnicas de los clientes y la Norma Sanitaria Peruana (Resolución Ministerial N° 591-MINSA/2008).
Dosis de riego y eficiencia del uso de agua en la producción de Cucumis sativus en La Maná
Authors: Salguero-Chusin Yomira A. , Semanate-Granja Mauro M. , Salazar-Saltos Alex E.
Published: January 2025

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la dosis de riego y eficiencia de uso de agua en la producción de Cucumis sativus. Se aplicó un Diseño de Bloques Completos al Azar con cinco repeticiones para cuatro tratamientos de riego: Lámina 80% (T1), Lámina 100% (T2), Lámina 130% (T3) y Lámina 150% (T4). El área experimental de 57.12 m² se dividió en 20 unidades de 1.20 x 1.20 metros, con una densidad de siembra de 0.30 metros entre plantas e hileras, resultando en 9 plantas por unidad. Las láminas de riego al 80% y al 100% obtuvieron los mejores resultados en peso de fruto. Los tratamientos al 130% (T3) y 150% (T4) no mostraron mejoras significativas y, en algunos casos, fueron inferiores. En términos de eficiencia hídrica, el tratamiento al 100% (T2) fue el más eficiente, alcanzando un máximo de 768.93 kg/m³ de biomasa, mientras que el tratamiento al 150% (T4) presentó valores más bajos, con un máximo de 83.79 kg/m³. Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de optimizar las dosis de riego para mejorar la producción y eficiencia en el cultivo de pepino.
Impacto de CRISPR en Levaduras Cerveceras: Calidad y Eficiencia Fermentativa en la Industria Cervecera
Authors: Martínez Gustavo , Gaibor Lady , Castillo Thalía , Espinoza Daniela
Published: January 2025

El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar el impacto de las técnicas de ingeniería genética, especialmente CRISPR-Cas9, en la optimización de la industria cervecera, enfocándose en mejorar la calidad del producto, la eficiencia del proceso y los beneficios económicos. Mediante un análisis bibliométrico retrospectivo de publicaciones en bases de datos como Web of Science, Scopus y PubMed, se identificaron las tendencias, los autores más prolíficos y las instituciones principales que contribuyen a esta área. La metodología incluyó técnicas de análisis bibliométrico para visualizar la productividad científica, las redes de colaboración y las palabras clave frecuentes. Los resultados muestran que el uso de CRISPR-Cas9 ha permitido modificar cepas de levadura, mejorando su tolerancia a factores ambientales y su capacidad para fermentar a temperaturas bajas, optimizando el perfil de sabor y aroma. Además, los avances en biotecnología han facilitado la creación de nuevos compuestos aromáticos y sabores, adaptados a un mercado en constante cambio. El estudio revela una tendencia al alza en publicaciones sobre ingeniería genética aplicada a la industria cervecera, lo cual subraya su importancia para la producción eficiente y de calidad. En conclusión, CRISPR-Cas9 y otras técnicas genéticas han revolucionado la industria cervecera, promoviendo la sostenibilidad y reducción de costos, así como la creación de perfiles de sabor únicos, lo que posiciona a la biotecnología como un pilar clave en la innovación de la industria.
Influencia de la adición de criadilla de cerdo y pistacho en la calidad sensorial, bromatológica y perfil de ácidos grasos de un embutido innovador
Authors: Cantillo Génesis , Puerta Ana , Serrano Mariana
Published: January 2025

El consumo de embutidos en Ecuador ha aumentado debido a la demanda de alimentos rápidos y de fácil preparación. Este estudio evalúa un chorizo elaborado con criadillas de cerdo y pistacho, analizando sus características sensoriales, bromatológicas y perfil de ácidos grasos, y se busca aportar una alternativa innovadora y nutritiva. Se diseñaron tres formulaciones con 15%, 25% y 35% de criadilla de cerdo, evaluadas mediante un análisis sensorial con un panel de jueces no entrenados, análisis bromatológicos y perfil de ácidos grasos. El tratamiento T3 (35% criadilla) obtuvo las mejores puntuaciones sensoriales, con altos valores en sabor (4.10), olor (4.20), color (4.27) y textura (4.60), lo que indica que una mayor inclusión de criadilla mejora la aceptación organoléptica del chorizo. En los análisis bromatológicos, el embutido cumplió con los parámetros de la norma NTE INEN 1338, destacándose por su alto contenido proteico (18.71%) y moderado nivel de grasa (13.58%). El perfil de ácidos grasos mostró una predominancia de ácidos monoinsaturados, especialmente el ácido oleico (38.64 mg/g), lo cual favorece la salud cardiovascular. Aunque la proporción de Omega-3 fue baja comparada con el Omega-6. Este chorizo diferenciado demuestra potencial para satisfacer a un mercado que busca productos cárnicos saludables e innovadores, con ingredientes alternativos de alto valor.
The modern international legal framework of cyberbullying in relation to the protection of children's rights
Authors: Rodionov Aleksei Evgen'evich
Published: January 2025

The author analyzes modern international legal regulation of cyberbullying and its impact on the protection of children's rights. The study's relevance arises from the growing prevalence of cyberbullying, especially among children, and its intensification during hybrid armed conflicts. This phenomenon necessitates a thorough examination of the current international legal framework to identify its strengths and weaknesses in protecting children’s rights in the digital space. The object of the study is the international legal framework regulating cyberbullying and children’s rights. The subject is the norms of international law governing public relations in the protection of minors from online bullying. The study aims to critically evaluate the effectiveness of existing international treaties, conventions, and declarations in combating cyberbullying and protecting children from online violence. The research employs methods such as analysis, abstraction, induction, deduction, synthesis, typology, classification, systematization, and generalization. The article highlights gaps and deficiencies in international law, including its limited ability to address digital challenges such as cyberbullying in hybrid wars. It examines the legal foundations and significance of international cooperation in combating cyberbullying, emphasizing approaches by UN bodies and regional organizations in addressing emerging threats to children. Key international instruments regulating cyberbullying are analyzed, and the current state of international legal efforts is critically assessed. The article emphasizes the need to enhance international legal regulation to protect children's rights during hybrid armed conflicts. Identified shortcomings in existing norms underline the necessity of unified approaches, improved cooperation mechanisms, and the development of international standards to address cyberbullying effectively. Prospects for advancing international law in this area are outlined, focusing on addressing gaps to strengthen child protection in the digital era.
The Use of Youtube Podcast to Improve Student Speaking Skills
Authors: Sudrajat Awal Muhammad Nur , Febriani R. Bunga
Published: January 2025

This study aims to improve students' speaking skills by using YouTube podcasts and students' perceptions of the use of YouTube podcasts in speaking skills. In conducting this research, the author used a case study to collect data from the participants. The participants were an English teacher and twenty eleventh-grade students at a boarding school in Tasikmalaya. There were two instruments used by the author in conducting this research, namely observation and interviews. The results of this study showed a positive perception through the strategies used by the teacher and helped the students in increasing their confidence in practicing speaking. Based on the research findings, it is suggested that teachers can use YouTube podcasts to improve speaking skills for senior high school students. Moreover, this strategy not only improves students' speaking skills but also students' knowledge and imagination through YouTube podcasts and interaction strategies in the classroom. In addition, this study also suggests that English teachers use YouTube podcasts as a strategy to improve students' speaking skills. In addition, the students felt that learning by using YouTube podcasts can help them to improve their speaking skills. In addition, it makes them more motivated and enjoy learning in class. For future researchers, this study provides a wide opportunity to make more perfect research in the same field with different interests.
Male-female young learners' perspective on the use of crossword puzzle aids to enrich their vocabulary
Authors: Berliana Nina , Friatin Lilies Youlia , Said Iskhak
Published: January 2025

Vocabulary is very essential in communication, but the fact indicates that lack of vocabulary still hampers the effective communication. This paper investigates the perspective of young female and male learners on the application of Crossword puzzle aids to enrich their vocabulary. The goal of this study is to find out male and female young learners’ perspectives on the use of crossword puzzle aids to enrich their vocabulary. The research design of this current study uses the type of case study so that twenty-one students from grade seven in a Junior High School in Ciamis were involved. The data come from a questionnaire which deals with the perspective of young female and male learners on the application of Crossword puzzle aids to increase their vocabulary. The close-ended questionnaire data are then analyzed and proceeded. The result shows that the young female and male learners perceive the application of Crossword puzzle as the aids to enrich their vocabulary. In learning, vocabulary can enrich their vocabulary with different skills based on gender because gender differences can influence young and female learners to increase their vocabulary skills. Besides that, Crossword puzzle aids are interesting, gives many opportunities, and helps male and female learners to receive and understand the vocabulary more easily. Further, using crossword puzzles aids learning vocabulary and can increase the achievement of male and female young learners. Also, it makes change towards the situations such as playing games when learning vocabulary process.
Teachers’ Strategies in Maintaining Classroom Interactions in Reading Classroom Through the Online Classroom During a Pandemic
Authors: Agustina Erika , Herlina Rina
Published: January 2025

This study focused on maintaining classroom interaction in teaching reading through an online classroom. Furthermore, this study is designed to investigate teachers ' experience of maintaining an interactive classroom interaction while teaching reading in an online classroom and also to find out the challenges the teachers encountered and solution to those challenges. The researcher employed a qualitative approach under a narrative inquiry to obtain the data and answer the research questions. The researcher used narrative data analysis that engages transcribing and coding stories. The researcher interpreted, coded, and summarized the gathered data from the semi-structural interview. The result showed that teachers maintained their interactive classroom interactions by adjusting lesson plans and implementing synchronous and asynchronous interactions. Most teachers utilize Google Meet, Zoom, Google Classroom, WhatsApp, and Google Forms as medias for teacher-student interaction during learning sessions. Almost all teacher encounter various challenges when it deals with teaching reading to students online. The major challenge that teachers have during teaching reading online is technical problem and students' attention spans. The strategy to overcome challenges in maintaining classroom interaction is to give more focus on and to communicate effectively with students' parents and the homeroom teacher. The researcher also suggests further researchers investigate teachers’ teaching methodology in online teaching reading.
Integrating Peer Feedback and Digital Flashcards in Writing Recount Text at Junior High School: A Case Study
Authors: Rahayu Ayu Puji , Rohayati Dedeh , Sugiarto Bambang Ruby
Published: January 2025

While peer feedback has increased exponentially in recent decades, especially in English as foreign language writing classes, little attention has been paid to 1) framing peer feedback as part of multiple frames of written class; and 2) processed learning behaviors while emerging picture-based as visual assistance into account for young EFL learners in high school. It picked the interest of the writer to conduct a study to investigate the use of peer feedback and digital flashcards in teaching writing recount text. This study aims 1) to figure out the teacher’s steps in integrating peer feedback and digital flashcards in teaching writing recount text; and 2) to find out how students experienced it in the class. This study employed a qualitative method with a case study design and data were collected through observation, interview, and students’ documents of recount text. Observation data was analyzed using thematic analysis; interview result was transcribed reduced, categorized and interpreted; and students’ document recount text were analyzed to confirm the generic structure of recount text. The participants were the English teacher and 20 students experienced in learning writing recount text by integrating peer feedback and digital flashcards. The findings revealed that the English teacher integrated peer feedback and digital flashcards in teaching recount text in the eighth grade at an Integrated Islamic Junior High School in Pangandaran. The findings also showed that students felt peer feedback and digital flashcards positively affected their motivation to write recount text and improve their writing skills, especially writing recount text. Based on the findings, it was established that peer feedback and digital flashcards can be used as a teaching method to motivate students in writing recount text. In addition, it was a beneficial framework to stimulate them to produce better text easier and more engaging way. The writer suggests further research to examine the related topic on other aspects of English at different levels and with different numbers of participants.
Enhancing Students’ Pronunciation Mastery Through Drama Technique in EFL Classroom at Islamic High School in Tasikmalaya
Authors: Suhada Karina , Friatin Lilies Youlia , Herlina Rina
Published: January 2025

The fluency of pronunciation is influenced by how often the students say the words, so the more they speak, the better the pronunciation will be. To improve students' pronunciation abilities in learning English, appropriate techniques are needed. This research was conducted to find out drama techniques implemented to enhance students' pronunciation mastery of the EFL class in one Islamic Senior High School Tasikmalaya, and to learn about the challenges and opportunities during drama techniques implemented to improve their pronunciation mastery. This research used qualitative paradigm with the type of descriptive approach. The research subjects were typically students of 10th-grade in EFL classes who implemented drama techniques. There are five students and two teachers who were interviewed. The implementation of drama techniques in learning English in EFl classes to improve students' pronunciation is played in the classroom during learning hours and also outside of learning. In applying this drama technique, there are several steps taken by students and teachers in learning, namely determining the topic of the drama, compiling a drama script, dividing roles, practicing dialogue and performing the drama. There are five supporting factors in applying drama techniques to improve students' pronunciation, namely cooperation, environment, special schedule, and having competent supervisors and complete and adequate facilities provided. Meanwhile, the factors that hinder the implementation of drama techniques to improvestudents’ pronunciation in EFL classes are unequal understanding, lack of students’ interest and students’ participation in the program. Sometimes, students show the feeling of enthusiastic about learning and even feeling bored with these activities.
Exploring How Exposure to Pop Culture English Movies Enriches Vocabulary
Authors: Alfaiz Muhammad Keivan , Said Iskhak , Irianti Leni
Published: January 2025

EFL students frequently face challenges in understanding cultural references, idioms, and slang, which can hinder vocabulary acquisition and overall language comprehension. This issue raises important questions about the accessibility and effectiveness of various language learning tools for learners from diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds. This study explored the impact of using pop culture English movies for vocabulary acquisition among EFL college students. A qualitative case study method was employed, involving 40 participants, with 10 students from each grade level completing a questionnaire and 10 participating in follow-up interviews. Data were collected through Likert-scale questionnaires to explore students’ perceptions and semi-structured interviews to investigate the strategies for learning vocabulary through movies. The results indicated that students generally found movies valuable for vocabulary acquisition, particularly enhancing their listening skills and contextual understanding. Most students reported increased confidence in using new vocabulary learned through movies. They employed various strategies, including note-taking, subtitles, and engaging in peer discussions. However, challenges such as difficulty understanding cultural references and the fast pace of dialogues were significant obstacles. Despite these, many students preferred learning vocabulary through movies over traditional classroom methods. The study concluded that pop culture English movies can be an effective tool for vocabulary acquisition, provided that students are guided in using appropriate learning strategies. Future research should focus on the long-term impact of movie-based learning on vocabulary retention and the potential benefits of different movie genres for language learning.
Investigating the Levels of Civic Engagement and Callous Traits Moderated by Coping Skills in Response to War-Related Media Exposure
Authors: Handa Saral
Published: January 2025

This study examines the impact of war-related media exposure on civic engagement (CE) and callous traits (CT), with a focus on the moderating effects of coping strategies. Utilising a sample predominantly composed of university students and a sample of 132 individuals, the research employed validated scales to measure the key variables. While the hypotheses posited that higher exposure to war-related content would influence CE and CT, the findings were not statistically significant. The results suggest that factors such as media literacy, psychological resilience, and the type of media consumed may play critical roles in shaping these outcomes. Additionally, the study highlights the complexities of indirect media exposure and its limited impact on psychological traits in this demographic. Despite the non-significant findings, this research contributes to the understanding of media’s psychological effects and underscores the importance of considering individual differences and contextual factors. Future research is recommended to explore these relationships in more diverse populations and through longitudinal designs.
Eco-dentistry: Sustainable practices for healthier life and a greener planet
Authors: Sant Ila , Tripathi Payal , Chandra Sunira , Sinha Shruti
Published: January 2025

Background:

Eco-friendly dentistry, or “Green Dentistry,” is a concept aimed at minimizing the environmental impact of dental practices by reducing waste, conserving energy, and preventing pollution. The idea first emerged during the 5th European Dental Students’ Association Congress in Belgrade, Serbia, in March 2003. It was proposed as a new and evolving practice to address the environmental harm caused by conventional dental methods.

Objective:

This review aims to present a series of “green” recommendations for dental professionals, patients, and dental industries, providing practical, sustainable alternatives to promote eco-friendly practices within the field of dentistry.

Methods:

An electronic search was conducted using the PubMed database, focusing on peer-reviewed articles up to February 2024 using the keywords “green dentistry,” “eco-friendly dentistry,” and “dental waste,” resulting in 45297, 1186, and 9372 items, respectively. After a thorough review, relevant data from other electronic sources were also included for additional information.

Results:

The adoption of green dentistry practices encourages the integration of sustainable technologies and methods by dental professionals. It promotes the use of eco-friendly materials, digital tools to reduce paper waste, energy-efficient equipment, and recycling programs, all of which contribute to reducing the ecological footprint of dental practices.

Conclusion:

Green dentistry offers a viable approach to making dental care more sustainable by reducing waste, conserving resources, and preventing pollution. By embracing sustainable practices, dental professionals, patients, and industries can collectively help minimize the environmental impact of dental care, ultimately promoting a greener wellness lifestyle.