bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Helical Piles and Granular Anchor Piles for Foundation Stabilization in Expansive Soil: A 3D Numerical Study
Authors: Alnmr Ammar , Ray Richard Paul , Alsirawan Rashad
Published: August 2023

This study investigates the performance of granular anchor piles and helical piles in expansive soils. Expansive soils pose challenges for engineering due to their significant swelling and shrinkage characteristics. Special considerations are required for constructing foundations on expansive soil to mitigate volumetric changes. While helical piles provide uplift resistance in light structures, they may not fully stabilize foundations in expansive soils. In contrast, granular anchor piles offer a simpler alternative for resisting uplift forces. A numerical study was conducted to analyze the pullout loads, compressive loads, and heave behavior of these anchor techniques. The results demonstrate that granular anchor piles outperform helical piles in terms of pullout and compressive performance, with improvements ranging from 17% to 22.5% in pullout capacity and 0.5% to 19% in compressive capacity, depending on specific pile lengths and diameters examined. However, both techniques show similar effectiveness in reducing heave, achieving reductions of over 90% when specific conditions are met. Additionally, the use of high-rise cap piles contributes to significant heave reduction, effectively minimizing heave to nearly negligible levels compared to low-rise cap piles. It is found that the relative density of the granular material has a more pronounced effect on the pullout load compared to the compressive load, and its impact varies depending on the length of the pile. Therefore, it is recommended to avoid high relative density when the pile is entirely within the expansive soil while utilizing higher relative density is beneficial when the pile penetrates and settles in the stable zone.
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Co-Doped Carbon Dots for the Growth Promotion of Water Spinach
Authors: Yu Fan , She Mengqi , Cai Xia , Li Xiaoyan , Huang Yuan , Lei Hongwei , Tan Zuojun
Published: August 2023

Carbon dots have received much attention due to their unique physicochemical properties and diverse applications in bioimaging, optoelectronic devices, catalysis, and agriculture. Here, in this work, we report a simple hydrothermal synthesis of nitrogen and phosphorus−doped carbon dots (N, P−CDs). The optical and physical properties of the synthesized N, P−CDs are analyzed using systematical spectroscopy and electrical characterization. The synthesized N, P−CDs show strong photoluminescence at 626 nm and demonstrate high stability under UV light and other conditions. Moreover, we incorporate the synthesized N, P−CDs into water spinach by root spraying and leaf spraying. It is found that N, P−CDs could effectively promote the growth of water spinach by accelerating the photosynthetic rate, and increasing the content of total phenols, anthocyanins, and flavonoids in water spinach.
Extremely Narrow Superconducting Band with Crystal Spin 32ℏ in LaH10
Authors: Krüger Ekkehard
Published: August 2023

We show that the high-temperature superconductor LaH10 possesses an unusual superconducting band in its band structure. We examine this band by group-theoretical methods and report evidence that the special features of the band support the characteristics of the superconducting state in LaH10 at megabar pressures, i.e., the strong electron–phonon coupling and the high superconducting transition temperature.
Deep Learning Approach to Source Localization of Electromagnetic Waves in the Presence of Various Sources and Noise
Authors: Famoriji Oluwole John , Shongwe Thokozani
Published: August 2023

In this paper, the 3D localization and signal enhancement problem of a source in a noisy environment is addressed using an antenna array to ensure symmetry in communication engineering. The use of machine-learning-dependent convolutional recurrent neural networks (CRNN) and a minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) beamformer for the localization of the source is developed. Furthermore, to ensure the adaptability of the signal enhancement module during deployment in a new environment or in new conditions, the training of a meta-learning model is conducted. At first, during the localization, the direction of arrival (DoA) estimation in both azimuth and elevation angles is generated. This is generated in a noisy three-dimensional plane and multi-source signal. Employing the DoA estimates, the MVDR is used for the enhancement of the signal source. Verifying the proposed method in the presence of mutual coupling, the two scenarios in communication engineering were simulated using a ray-tracing tool in the form of a real-world problem towards enhancing a signal source in a noisy environment and in the presence of various sources. The results obtained demonstrate how the proposed method outperforms the machine learning and parametric methods. In addition, the trained meta-learning model is employed to demonstrate how the proposed method is adaptable to any environment and still maintains an appreciable quality performance index after retraining with few data. Finally, the results obtained are motivating enough for the practical application of the proposed method.
Urban Networks in the Yangtze River Delta from the Perspective of Transaction Linkages in Manufacturing Industries: Characteristics, Determinants, and Strategies for Intercity Integration Development
Authors: Yan Yiran , Li Kailun , Wang Xingping
Published: August 2023

In recent years, manufacturing development has received renewed attention from developing and developed countries alike. As mega-city regions (MCRs) are where manufacturing industries converge, the research on urban networks of MCRs under the dominance of manufacturing transaction linkages is currently insufficient. Based on the buyer–supplier linkages of listed manufacturing firms, this paper investigated the characteristics of the urban network in the Yangtze River Delta region (YRDR) in China using the social network analysis method; explored the determinants of nodal centrality and city dyads of the urban network by the stepwise regression and quadratic assignment procedures, respectively; and proposes a “characteristics-determinants-strategies” technical framework for the analysis and optimization of interurban collaboration in manufacturing transactions within MCRs. The findings were as follows: (1) The characteristics of the urban manufacturing transaction networks differed from those of transaction linkages of advanced producer services (APS) firms, intra-firm organization hierarchies, and innovation cooperation networks; (2) the network and geographical “core-periphery” structure of urban power and the circulation corridor of the urban manufacturing transaction network was formed within the YRDR; (3) cooperation parks, innovation collaboration, high-speed rail (HSR) linkage, and geographical proximity between cities were found to facilitate the formation of urban manufacturing transaction networks, and the similarity of industry structures and driving distance between cities inhibits the network; (4) the number of urban industrial firms, GDP per capita, and city government spending on science and technology contributed to the centrality of a city in urban manufacturing transaction networks, while the urban population in a city had a negative impact. The research provides a complementary perspective to the urban network research of MCRs under the perspective of production factors and product circulation and provides policy and urban planning insights for the synergistic development of interurban manufacturing in MCRs.
A Novel Pythagorean Fuzzy Set–Based Risk-Ranking Method for Handling Human Cognitive Information in Risk-Assessment Problems
Authors: Li Zong-Sian , Chang Kuei-Hu
Published: August 2023

With the rapid evolution of the information age and the development of artificial intelligence, processing human cognitive information has become increasingly important. The risk-priority-number (RPN) approach is a natural language-processing method and is the most widely used risk-evaluation tool. However, the typical RPN approach cannot effectively process the various forms of human cognitive information or hesitant information provided by experts in risk assessments. In addition, it cannot process the relative-weight consideration of risk-assessment factors. In order to fully grasp the various forms of human cognitive information provided by experts during risk assessment, this paper proposes a novel Pythagorean fuzzy set–based (PFS) risk-ranking method. This method integrates the PFS and the combined compromise-solution (CoCoSo) method to handle human cognitive information in risk-assessment problems. In the numerical case study, this paper used a healthcare waste-hazards risk-assessment case to verify the validity and rationality of the proposed method for handling risk-assessment issues. The calculation results of the healthcare waste-hazards risk-assessment case are compared with the typical RPN approach, intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) method, PFS method, and the CoCoSo method. The numerical simulation verification results prove that the proposed method can comprehensively grasp various forms of cognitive information from experts and consider the relative weight of risk-assessment factors, providing more accurate and reasonable risk-assessment results.
Adapting the H.264 Standard to the Internet of Vehicles
Authors: Wiseman Yair
Published: August 2023

We suggest two steps of reducing the amount of data transmitted on Internet of Vehicle networks. The first step shifts the image from a full-color resolution to only an 8-color resolution. The reduction of the color numbers is noticeable; however, the 8-color images are enough for the requirements of common vehicles’ applications. The second step suggests modifying the quantization tables employed by H.264 to different tables that will be more suitable to an image with only 8 colors. The first step usually reduces the size of the image by more than 30%, and when continuing and performing the second step, the size of the image decreases by more than 40%. That is to say, the combination of the two steps can provide a significant reduction in the amount of data required to be transferred on vehicular networks.
Aquatic Ecosystem Risk Assessment Generated by Accidental Silver Nanoparticle Spills in Groundwater
Authors: Ramirez Rosember , Martí Vicenç , Darbra R. M.
Published: August 2023

This paper aims to create a new model for assessing the ecosystem risk in rivers and wetlands that are linked to accidental spills of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in soil/groundwater. Due to the uncertainty of the modeling inputs, a combination of two well-known risk assessment methodologies (Monte Carlo and fuzzy logic) were used. To test the new model, two hypothetical, accidental AgNP soil spill case studies were evaluated; both of which were located at the end of the Llobregat River basin within the metropolitan area of Barcelona (NE Spain). In both cases, the soil spill reached groundwater. In the first case, it was discharged into a river, and in the second case, it recharged a wetland. Concerning the results, in the first case study, a medium-risk assessment was achieved for most cases (83%), with just 10% of them falling below the future legal threshold concentration value. In the second case study, a high-risk assessment was obtained for most cases (84%), and none of the cases complied with the threshold value. A sensitivity analysis was conducted for the concentration and risk. The developed tool was proven capable of assessing risk in aquatic ecosystems when dealing with uncertain and variable data, which is an improvement compared to other risk assessment methodologies.
In Vivo Genotoxicity and Toxicity Assessment of Sterigmatocystin Individually and in Mixture with Aflatoxin B1
Authors: Alonso-Jauregui Maria , López de Cerain Adela , Azqueta Amaya , Rodriguez-Garraus Adriana , Gil Ana Gloria , González-Peñas Elena , Vettorazzi Ariane
Published: August 2023

Mycotoxins are natural food and feed contaminants produced by several molds. The primary mode of exposure in humans and animals is through mixtures. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and sterigmatocystin (STER) are structurally related mycotoxins that share the same biosynthetic route. Few in vivo genotoxicity assays have been performed with STER. In the present genotoxicity study, Wistar rats were dosed orally with STER (20 mg/kg b.w.), AFB1 (0.25 mg/kg b.w.) or a mixture of both in an integrated micronucleus (bone marrow) and comet study (liver and kidney). STER was dosed at the highest feasible dose in corn oil. No increase in the percentage of micronuclei in bone marrow was observed at any condition. Slight DNA damage was detected in the livers of animals treated with AFB1 or the mixture (DNA strand breaks and Fpg (Formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase)-sensitive sites, respectively). Plasma, liver, and kidney samples were analyzed with LC-MS/MS demonstrating exposure to both mycotoxins. General toxicity parameters (organs absolute weight, biochemistry, and histopathology) were not altered either individually or in the mixture. The overall absence of individual genotoxicity did not allow us to set any type of interaction in the mixture. However, a possible toxicokinetic interaction was observed.
A Reverse-Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Technique to Detect Tomato Mottle Mosaic Virus, an Emerging Tobamovirus
Authors: Kimura Kan , Miyazaki Akio , Suzuki Takumi , Yamamoto Toya , Kitazawa Yugo , Maejima Kensaku , Namba Shigetou , Yamaji Yasuyuki
Published: August 2023

Tomato mottle mosaic virus (ToMMV) is an emerging seed-transmissible tobamovirus that infects tomato and pepper. Since the first report in 2013 in Mexico, ToMMV has spread worldwide, posing a serious threat to the production of both crops. To prevent the spread of this virus, early and accurate detection of infection is required. In this study, we developed a detection method for ToMMV based on reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP). A LAMP primer set was designed to target the genomic region spanning the movement protein and coat protein genes, which is a highly conserved sequence unique to ToMMV. This RT-LAMP detection method achieved 10-fold higher sensitivity than conventional RT-polymerase chain reaction methods and obtained high specificity without false positives for closely related tobamoviruses or healthy tomato plants. This method can detect ToMMV within 30 min of direct sampling of an infected tomato leaf using a toothpick and therefore does not require RNA purification. Given its high sensitivity, specificity, simplicity, and rapidity, the RT-LAMP method developed in this study is expected to be valuable for point-of-care testing in field surveys and for large-scale testing.
Silver Nanoparticles Proved to Be Efficient Antivirals In Vitro against Three Highly Pathogenic Fish Viruses
Authors: Doszpoly Andor , Shaalan Mohamed , El-Matbouli Mansour
Published: August 2023

The efficacy of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was tested in vitro against three different fish viruses, causing significant economic damage in aquaculture. These viruses were the spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV), European catfish virus (ECV), and Ictalurid herpesvirus 2 (IcHV-2). The safe concentration of AgNPs that did not cause cytotoxic effects in EPC cells proved to be 25 ng/mL. This dose of AgNPs decreased significantly (5–330×) the viral load of all three viruses in three different types of treatments (virus pre-treatment, cell pre-treatment, and cell post-treatment with the AgNPs). In a higher concentration, the AgNPs proved to be efficient against ECV and IcHV-2 even in a delayed post-cell-treatment experiment (AgNP treatment was applied 24 h after the virus inoculation). These first in vitro results against three devastating fish viruses are encouraging to continue the study of the applicability of AgNPs in aquaculture in the future.
The Lifetime Expenditure in People with Keratoconus in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Atawi Saleha , Alghamdi Ali , Alzahrani Khaled
Published: August 2023

Aim: This study measured and evaluated the socioeconomic burden of people living with keratoconus in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design, a Keratoconus Economic Burden Questionnaire, and a convenient sample of 89 keratoconus patients (58.4% male) drawn from multiple regions in Saudi Arabia. It was conducted using online surveys, and the data were analyzed using appropriate quantitative techniques. Results: The mean age and annual income of the participants were 33.24 (SD = 6.82) years and USD 9046.52 (SD = 16,866.48), respectively, with only 37% being employed for wages. Up to 94.4% needed glasses or contact lenses at least once a week, and 73.0% received care from optometrists. The condition forced 45.9% of the respondents to change careers or leisure activities, with a further 51.3% having to take time off work. The mean annual out-of-pocket expenses for buying and maintaining glasses or contact lenses, as well as traveling and accommodation for keratoconus-related treatment were USD 2341.76 (SD = 3053.09), with 48.32 incurring upwards of USD 3240 over the period. The treatment costs increased with disease duration, r(89) = 0.216, p < 0.05. Regression results showed that the existence of comorbid eye disease, changing glasses at least once a year, and wearing either glasses or contact lenses at least once a week individually had statistically significant negative effects on the total annual keratoconus treatment costs, while disease duration, utilization of optometrists, and taking time off had a statistically significant increase on the total cost (p < 0.05). Conclusion: With a prevalence rate of 1 in 375, progressive debilitation, and the lifetime nature of the disease, keratoconus is a critical public health concern in Saudi Arabia. The resulting visual impairment and discomfort, as well as both direct and indirect economic burdens, have considerable impacts on the patient’s quality of life.
The Potential Use of Moringa peregrina Seeds and Seed Extract as a Bio-Coagulant for Water Purification
Authors: Elsergany Moetaz
Published: August 2023

Moringa is a genus with many applications; some of these applications can be linked to their use in traditional medicine and as a source of nutrients, and traditionally, some species have been used for water purification. Many studies have been conducted to assess the use of different species of Moringa for water purification. One of the species that is extensively studied is M. Oleifera because of its wide geographical distribution. There are limited studies on M. peregrina due to its limited geographical distribution, as it is native to the Arabian Peninsula and some other countries in the Middle East. The aim of this study is to assess the potential use of M. peregrina for water coagulation. This study was conducted using synthetic water samples as well as real, untreated wastewater samples to determine the potential of M. peregrina seeds for water coagulation. The results revealed that M. peregrina seed extract had better turbidity removal at 60 °C compared with the use of the seed extract at room temperature, and increasing the ionic strength of the extracting solution could also improve the efficiency of the seed extract in terms of turbidity removal. Furthermore, the de-oiled seed extract showed efficiency comparable with that of the raw seeds. Application to the real wastewater samples showed that the de-oiled seed extract showed percentage removal of 38%, 81%, and 74% for SCOD, turbidity, and color, respectively. Furthermore, the de-oiled M. peregrina seed extract at a dose of 200 mg/L equivalent to raw seeds was capable of removing 97.4%, 66.5%, 51.8%, 50.3%, and 45.8% of Mo, Cu, Cd, Cr, and Co, respectively.
Long-Term Performance of Blue-Green Roof Systems—Results of a Building-Scale Monitoring Study in Hamburg, Germany
Authors: Richter Michael , Dickhaut Wolfgang
Published: August 2023

For the first time, a long-term monitoring study with different full-scale blue-green roof (BGR) types was conducted. Within a pilot project from Hamburg’s Rainwater InfraStructure Adaptation (RISA) framework, four different BGR types were built in 2015 for long-term evaluation and comparison with each other. The test site was created to find out to what extent BGRs are able to improve hydrological performance and if increased water supply affects vegetation development and species diversity. Therefore, the roofs were equipped with hydrologic monitoring systems, their retention performance was evaluated, and vegetation analysis was conducted. During 2017–2023, between 64 and 74% of the precipitation was retained on the roofs, and in the summer months there was hardly any outflow from the roofs. For single (heavy) rain events, high retention capacities, low outflow intensities, and high detention times were demonstrated. On the BGRs where rainwater is permanently stored on the roof, the vegetation species’ composition changed in the long term, resulting in an increase in biodiversity. The studied BGRs are effective in reducing flood risk from heavy rain events and can increase evaporative cooling and biodiversity. Therefore, such BGRs are a blue-green infrastructure with far-reaching positive effects.
The Impact of Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) Architecture on Sub-Synchronous Control Interactions (SSCI) for Direct-Driven Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG)-Based Type 4 Wind Farms
Authors: Ashraf Arslan , Saadi Muhammad
Published: August 2023

Electric vehicles (EVs) are a promising solution to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, but this reduction depends on the fraction of renewable sources used to generate electricity. Wind energy is thus a vital candidate and has experienced a remarkable surge recently, establishing itself as a leading renewable power source worldwide. The research on Direct-Driven Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG)-based type 4 wind farms has indicated that the Phase-locked Loop (PLL) bandwidth significantly impacts Sub-Synchronous Resonance (SSR). However, the influence of PLL architecture on SSR remains unexplored and warrants investigation. Therefore, this paper investigates PLL architectural variations in PLL Loop Filter (LF) to understand their impact on SSR in type 4 wind farms. Specifically, an in-depth analysis of the Notch Filter (NF)-based enhanced PLL is conducted using eigenvalue analysis of the admittance model of a PMSG-based type 4 wind farm. The findings demonstrate that the NF-based enhanced PLL exhibits superior performance and improved passivity in the sub-synchronous frequency range, limiting the risk of SSR below 20 Hz. Additionally, Nyquist plots are employed to assess the impact on system stability resulting in increased stability margins. In the future, it is recommended to further investigate and optimize the PLL to mitigate SSR in wind farms.
Theoretical and methodological analysis of the features of the creation and functioning of a medical organization’s digital platform
Authors:   I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Utkin I. E. , Vyatkina N. Yu. ,   I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University; Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: August 2023

Medicine and its ability to overcome diseases, epidemics, and mass mortality helped humanity survive the most difficult times in history. It is known that the development of medical science went through several stages over several millennia, gradually improving its capabilities. At the present stage, an essential component of progress in the medical industry is the large-scale development of information technologies, which make it possible to provide medical services of the highest quality, expand the range of opportunities, develop the information component, and form new channels of interaction between social agents. Such modern industries as microbiology, prosthetics, and surgery would not be possible without the development of science and technology. The Internet acted as a significant impetus for the development of the technical and digital spheres, making a breakthrough in almost all spheres of human life possible.
Safety of omalizumab in children
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shnaider K. O. , Maksimov M. L. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation; Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, Romanov B. K. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: August 2023

The purpose of the review is to analyze Russian and foreign literature sources on safety of using omalizumab in the treatment of moderate to severe bronchial asthma and chronic idiopathic urticaria in children. Omalizumab is one of the longest used monoclonal antibodies and the first available treatment option for severe atopic asthma in patients aged 6 years and older. Its efficacy and safety have been established in several randomized controlled trials, leading to its final registration over 15 years ago. In most cases, long-term treatment with omalizumab is safe and does not increase the risk of adverse reactions. However, over the years, there has been a trend towards an increase in the number of registrations of adverse reactions associated with the use of omalizumab. Long-term adverse reactions with omalizumab therapy are not sufficiently studied and require more detailed analysis, despite reports of an association between omalizumab and some adverse events. There are very few reports of adverse reactions when taking omalizumab in children in the Russian Federation. Further study of the safety of omalizumab and monitoring of its delayed adverse reactions is required.
Optimization of the system of epidemiological surveillance of healthcare-associated infections in maternity patients and newborns
Authors:   Federal state budgetary institution «National Medical and Surgical Center named after N. I. Pirogov» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Federal Budget Institution of Science «Central Research Institute of Epidemiology» of The Federal Service on Customers' Rights Protection and Human Well-being Surveillance, Moscow, Orlovа O. A. ,   Federal state budgetary institution «National Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after N. F. Gamaleya» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Abramov Yu. E. ,   Federal Budget Institution of Science «Central Research Institute of Epidemiology» of The Federal Service on Customers' Rights Protection and Human Well-being Surveillance, Moscow, Tutelian A. V. ,   Federal Budget Institution of Science «Central Research Institute of Epidemiology» of The Federal Service on Customers' Rights Protection and Human Well-being Surveillance, Moscow; 4I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Marin G. G. ,   Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: August 2023

Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) among maternity and newborn occupy a significant place in the morbidity and mortality of women and children. The article proposes measures aimed at optimizing the system of epidemiological surveillance of the HAIs of maternity and newborn babies, including three blocks: informational, analytical and managerial. The proposed system will allow solving the tasks of stabilizing the epidemiological situation in the HAIs of maternity hospitals and newborns.
Experience in studying some aspects of adolescents’ lifestyle during the implementation of scientific and educational projects in the Far Eastern Federal District
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Pacific State Medical University» of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Vladivostok, Russia, Ivanova I. L. ,   Federal Budgetary Health Institution «Center of hygiene and epidemiology in Primorsky Territory», Vladivostok, Russia, Vazhenina A. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Pacific State Medical University» of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Vladivostok, Russia, Yamilova O. Yu. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Pacific State Medical University» of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Vladivostok, Russia
Published: August 2023

The article presents the results of a study of the assessment of the lifestyle of students in educational institutions of regional and regional centers, as well as municipal educational organizations remote from the regional and regional centers of the Far Eastern Federal District, obtained as part of the implementation of a student scientific and educational project at the Department of Hygiene of the Pacific State Medical University. A survey of 1480 people was conducted, the issues of the daily use of mobile phones and the use of smoking mixtures («spice»), the parameters of the physical and psychological component of the health of adolescents in the Far Eastern Federal District were studied. It has been established that first-year students of institutions of secondary vocational education in the studied territories are daily in direct contact with a source of electromagnetic radiation for more than 7 hours a day, 63 % of respondents consider it necessary to carry out sanitary and educational work on the dangers of using smoking mixtures in educational institutions where adolescents are trained. These assessments of the quality of life indicate the presence of gender and age characteristics in adolescents aged 16–17 years of the Far Eastern Federal District. The results of the work carried out can be applied in planning educational and preventive measures with young people aimed at maintaining the physical and mental health of adolescents in the Far Eastern Federal District.
New stage of optimization of Russian development institutions
Authors: Galazova S. S.
Published: August 2023

The article considers the peculiarities of organisational and functional optimisation of Russian development institutions within the framework of the ongoing administrative reforms in the country and substantiates the diversity of forms and types of development institutions. A classification of development institutions is given according to various characteristics, such as the level of economic functioning, initiation, goals, and directions of state support, long-term, type of development institutions, degree of openness, as well as control over development institutions. The article examines a new stage in the optimization of Russian development institutions in the period 2021–2023. At the same time, some of the development institutions were liquidated, merged, modified, resubordinated to VEB.RF, and some of the domestic development institutions remained without significant changes. The article defines new organizational contours for managing development institutions at the present stage.
The features of trade interactions between Russian regions and partially recognized republics of the South Caucasus
Authors: Doroshenko S. V.
Published: August 2023

The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of trade relations between the partially recognized post-Soviet states of the Republics of Abkhazia and South Ossetia with the Russian regions in the period 2013–2021. The main sources of information are site data ru-stat.com with details by regions and groups of goods, the analysis of which allowed us to highlight the features of modern trade interactions. For example, the regional geography of Abkhazia’s imports is more diverse and constant compared to South Ossetia. In terms of exports, the most important for Abkhazia are food products, for South Ossetia – textiles.
Relatório Técnico-Científico Final: Enfrentamento da pandemia de COVID-19: produções, invenções e desafios na gestão do cuidado em rede.
Authors: Reis Ademar  Arthur Chioro dos , Andreazza Rosemarie , Furtado Lumena Almeida Castro , Araújo Eliane Cardoso de , Pereira Ana Lucia , Pinto Nicanor Rodrigues da Silva
Published: August 2023

Relatório final de projeto de pesquisa: Enfrentamento da pandemia de COVID-19: produções, invenções e desafios na gestão do cuidado em rede. Pesquisador responsável: Ademar Arthur Chioro dos Reis Instituição Sede: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp) Processo FAPESP: 2020/12096-6 - Modalidade: Auxílio a Projeto de Pesquisa Linha de fomento: Acordos de Cooperação / PPSUS 2015 – PPSUS 2020 – PPP Período da Vigência: 01/03/2021 a 28/02/2023 (12 meses) Período coberto pelo Relatório Técnico-Científico Final: 28/02/2022 a 28/02/2023 (12 meses)
Necessary Pre-Entry Competencies as Perceived by Florida Extension Agents
Authors: Benge Matt , Harder Amy , Carter Hannah
Published: August 2023

It is important to focus attention on the pre-entry competencies of new organization members and to identify the competencies needed by Extension agents to determine adequate education curricula and training, and to improve retention. Current professional development models disregard the competencies needed by agents entering Extension. This article describes Florida Extension agents' perceptions of necessary pre-entry competencies. The most necessary competencies reported by respondents were: self-management, program development process, communication skills, interpersonal skills, technical/subject matter expertise, and teaching skills. UF/IFAS Extension administrators and personnel should build upon the competencies new Extension agents possess when entering Extension.
Developing Culturally Responsive Youth Workers
Authors: Walker Ann , Grant Samantha
Published: August 2023

Culturally Responsive Youth Work: The Journey Matters is based on the theory that when knowledge and skills are found within the lived experiences and cultural contexts of youth, they are more meaningful and more engaging and are learned more easily (Gay, 2000). The program was evaluated using a retrospective pre-then-post test evaluation and showed significant increases in participants' awareness, knowledge, and skills. Interviews conducted 9 months after the training revealed that most had used the training material but cited the need for more ongoing support, tools, and resources. Recommendations are offered for building culturally responsive youth professionals.
Assessment and Evaluation of the Utah Master Naturalist Program: Implications for Targeting Audiences
Authors: Casanova Mark
Published: August 2023

The Utah Master Naturalist Program trains citizens who provide education, outreach, and service to promote citizen stewardship of natural resources within their communities. In 2007-2008, the Watersheds module of the program was evaluated for program success, and participant knowledge was assessed. Assessment and evaluation results indicated that amateur naturalists learned more during the course of the program and also consistently evaluated the program more positively than professional naturalists. These results were used to adjust the target audience in order to maximize learning, program success, and marketing effectiveness.
The Wolfpack Leadership Academy: Providing Leadership Development for the Newest Members of the Extension Family
Authors: Bruce Jacklyn , Kistler Mark
Published: August 2023

The need for leadership is evident in today's society. More and more, educational responsibilities are being turned over to local governments and community organizations like Extension. This increased responsibility equates to a need for all Extension educators to assume positions of leadership, if indeed they are to succeed in this increasingly competitive environment. The Wolfpack Leadership Academy will provide the opportunity for early career agents to attend a targeted, purposeful, intense leadership development academy designed to engage them in learning and applying the skills needed for future job success.
Simple Statistics for Correlating Survey Responses
Authors: Hollingsworth Robert , Collins Topaz , Smith Virginia , Nelson Scot
Published: August 2023

The rank-sum test is a non-parametric hypothesis test that can be used to determine if there is a statistically significant association between categorical survey responses provided for two different survey questions. The use of this test is appropriate even when survey sample size is small. The rank-sum test is most useful when the goal is to determine whether two groups of respondents differ in their average response to a particular survey question for which response categories are logically ordered according to magnitude (e.g., Likert-scale responses).
Supramolecular Biomaterials for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Liang Huan , Lu Qingqing , Yang Jie , Yu Guocan
Published: August 2023

Cancer immunotherapy has achieved tremendous successful clinical results and obtained historic victories in tumor treatments. However, great limitations associated with feeble immune responses and serious adverse effects still cannot be neglected due to the complicated multifactorial etiology and pathologic microenvironment in tumors. The rapid development of nanomedical science and material science has facilitated the advanced progress of engineering biomaterials to tackle critical issues. The supramolecular biomaterials with flexible and modular structures have exhibited unparalleled advantages of high cargo-loading efficiency, excellent biocompatibility, and diversiform immunomodulatory activity, thereby providing a powerful weapon for cancer immunotherapy. In past decades, supramolecular biomaterials were extensively explored as versatile delivery platforms for immunotherapeutic agents or designed to interact with the key moleculars in immune system in a precise and controllable manner. In this review, we focused on the crucial role of supramolecular biomaterials in the modulation of pivotal steps during tumor immunotherapy, including antigen delivery and presentation, T lymphocyte activation, tumor-associated macrophage elimination and repolarization, and myeloid-derived suppressor cell depletion. Based on extensive research, we explored the current limitations and development prospects of supramolecular biomaterials in cancer immunotherapy.
Afecto y participación en la relación familia-escuela en tiempos de la covid-19
Authors: Huarcaya Pasache Carlos Enrique
Published: August 2023

Se abordan las prácticas afectivas desplegadas entre las familias, docentes y estudiantes que impulsaron la participación de las familias en una escuela rural a la luz de los cambios producidos por la pandemia de la COVID-19, la cual generó una serie de escenarios que transformaron distintos aspectos de la vida social en las comunidades andinas. Se trató el caso de un aula multigrado de una escuela primaria de una comunidad campesina de Huaytará (Huancavelica). Se tomaron las contribuciones teóricas respecto a la participación familiar en el contexto escolar y, a partir de los aportes del giro afectivo en antropología, se abordaron los afectos desde el cuestionamiento razón-emoción. Así, a través de un trabajo de campo remoto y virtual, se desarrollaron metodologías como la etnografía digital, las entrevistas, el análisis de archivos, y ejercicios de participación para conocer las percepciones de las y los participantes. El artículo concluye que, efectivamente, las diferentes prácticas afectivas desplegadas por familias, docentes y estudiantes del aula participante, incluidas las prácticas significativas del contexto andino, contribuyeron con la participación de las familias en la escuela. Esto evidencia la relación entre estos actores, y su agencia para lograr la continuidad del aprendizaje de niñas y niños. Sin embargo, estas prácticas y relaciones son condicionadas por factores ligados a las grandes desigualdades que se generan en las escuelas rurales andinas.
THÀNH PHẦN HÓA HỌC CỦA TINH DẦU TỪ LÁ VÀ CÀNH LOÀI THÔNG TRE LÁ DÀI (PODOCARPUS NERIIFOLIUS D.DON) Ở SƠN LA
Authors: Hùng Đào Việt , Thái Trần Huy , Hiền Nguyễn Thị , Thủy Đinh Thị Thu , Tuyến Trần Thị , Nhân Ngũ Trường
Published: August 2023

Tinh dầu được chưng cất bằng phương pháp lôi cuốn hơi nước có hồi lưu từ lá và cành của loài Thông tre lá dài, mẫu được thu tại khu bảo tồn thiên nhiên (KBT TN) Xuân Nha, Sơn La. Hàm lượng tinh dầu từ lá và cành loài Thông tre lá dài đạt 0,019% và 0,013% (theo nguyên liệu khô không khí). Tinh dầu có màu vàng nhạt, nhẹ hơn nước. Bằng phương pháp sắc ký khối phổ (GC/MSD) đã xác định được 33 cấu tử từ lá tinh dầu loài Thông tre lá dài chiếm 88,63% tổng lượng tinh, những thành phần chính của tinh dầu gồm: β-caryophyllene (29,08%), α-humulene (7,03%), beyerene (5,52%), bicyclogermacrene (4,64%), germacrene D (3,90%). Đã xác định được 46 cấu tử từ cành của tinh dầu loài Thông tre lá dài chiếm 97,13% tổng lượng tinh dầu, những thành phần chính của tinh dầu gồm: α -pinene (18,2%), β-caryophyllene (26,48%), E-4,8-dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene (6,13%), α-humulene (6,07%), α-copaene (5,14%), germacrene D (3,73%). Kết quả nghiên cứu về thành phần hóa học của tinh dầu loài Thông tre lá dài ở Việt Nam lần đầu tiên được công bố.
VAI TRÒ CỦA THÁI ĐỘ - KỸ NĂNG - KIẾN THỨC TRONG NGÀNH KHÁCH SẠN TỪ GÓC NHÌN CỦA SINH VIÊN, GIẢNG VIÊN VÀ ĐƠN VỊ TUYỂN DỤNG
Authors: Phượng Mai Thị , Phượng Lê Thái , Ngân Phan Kim
Published: August 2023

Thái độ, kỹ năng, kiến thức là 3 yếu tố cấu thành năng lực nghề nghiệp và có vai trò khác nhau ở từng ngành nghề. Nhận thức đúng vai trò của các yếu tố này sẽ giúp hoạt động dạy và học được định hướng một cách rõ ràng; từ đó sinh viên có thể đạt được năng lực nghề nghiệp cần thiết ngay sau khi tốt nghiệp. Phương pháp thống kê mô tả được sử dụng nhằm phân tích vai trò của thái độ - kiến thức – kỹ năng trong ngành khách sạn từ góc nhìn của sinh viên, giảng viên và đơn vị tuyển dụng. Kết quả cho thấy giảng viên và người sử dụng lao động có sự đồng nhất khi cho rằng thái độ là yếu tố quan trọng nhất, tiếp theo sau là kỹ năng và kiến thức. Tuy nhiên, nhận thức của sinh viên chưa phù hợp với doanh nghiệp khi cho rằng kỹ năng là yếu tố quan trọng nhất. Ngoài ra, nghiên cứu cũng tìm ra những thái độ, kỹ năng và kiến thức quan trọng trong ngành khách sạn. Qua kết quả nghiên cứu, một số gợi ý đối với cơ sở đào tạo, giảng viên và sinh viên được đưa ra nhằm nâng cao nhận thức nghề nghiệp cho sinh viên và giúp hoạt động đào tạo gần hơn với nhu cầu của đơn vị tuyển dụng.
ĐÁP ỨNG MIỄN DỊCH TRUNG HOÀ Ở HEO CAI SỮA SAU TIÊM VẮC XIN LỞ MỒM LONG MÓNG
Authors: Hải Nguyễn Ngọc , Oanh Võ Thị Kiều
Published: August 2023

PD50 của vắc xin Lở mồm long móng là chỉ số xác định liều kháng nguyên vắc xin có hiệu quả bảo hộ được 50% vật nuôi được tiêm vắc xin chống lại sự công độc virus Lở mồm long móng độc lực cao. Vắc xin Lở mồm long móng có 2 loại: vắc xin tiêu chuẩn (>3PD50) và vắc xin có đáp ứng cao (>6PD50). Vắc xin Lở mồm long móng >6PD50 ngoài khả năng tạo đáp ứng miễn dịch nhanh, mạnh và kéo dài hơn so với vắc xin Lở mồm long móng >3PD50, còn có thể nâng cao hiệu quả bảo hộ của vắc xin đối với các chủng virus khác topotype. Nghiên cứu nhằm so sánh đáp ứng miễn dịch ở heo đối với 2 loại vắc xin Lở mồm long móng >3PD50 và >6PD50, dựa trên hiệu giá kháng thể trung hoà, để làm rõ sự khác biệt về hiệu quả bảo hộ của 2 loại vắc xin đối với các chủng virus Lở mồm long móng phân lập tại Việt Nam, phục vụ cho việc sử dụng vắc xin trong phòng bệnh Lở mồm long móng. Kết quả cho thấy có sự khác biệt về hiệu quả tạo miễn dịch giữa 2 loại vắc xin Lở mồm long móng >6PD50 và >3PD50. Heo được tiêm vắc xin Lở mồm long móng >6PD50 có tỉ lệ mẫu dương tính và hiệu giá kháng thể trung hoà đối với các chủng virus Lở mồm long móng thuộc topotype O/ME-SA/PanAsia, O/SEA/Mya 98 và O/ME-SA/Ind 2001e, phân lập tại Việt Nam, đều cao hơn có ý nghĩa thống kê so với heo được tiêm vắc xin Lở mồm long móng >3PD50 (P<0,05). Vắc xin Lở mồm long móng >6PD50 có thể tạo được miễn dịch trung hoà cao, vượt qua được sự khác biệt về topotype của các chủng virus Lở mồm long móng. Kết quả nghiên cứu là cơ sở tham khảo cho việc sử dụng vắc xin trong phòng bệnh Lở mồm long móng.
NHẬN THỨC, TRÌNH ĐỘ VÀ PHƯƠNG PHÁP HỌC TIẾNG ANH CỦA SINH VIÊN DU LỊCH, TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KIẾN TRÚC ĐÀ NẴNG
Authors: Ngân Phan Kim
Published: August 2023

Với đặc thù thường xuyên giao tiếp với khách du lịch đến từ nhiều quốc gia, tiếng Anh đóng vai trò hết sức quan trọng trong ngành du lịch. Tuy vậy, năng lực tiếng Anh của nhân viên du lịch vẫn còn nhiều hạn chế, chưa đáp ứng được nhu cầu của doanh nghiệp. Đối với các sinh viên ngành du lịch, việc trau dồi, nâng cao năng lực tiếng Anh ngay từ khi còn ngồi trên ghế nhà trường là rất cần thiết và cũng là cơ hội để sinh viên có được vị trí công việc tốt hơn sau khi ra trường. Bằng phương pháp khảo sát, nghiên cứu đã đánh giá được thực trạng trình độ tiếng Anh cũng như nhận thức về tầm quan trọng của tiếng Anh và phương pháp học tiếng Anh của sinh viên khoa Du lịch, trường Đại học Kiến trúc Đà Nẵng hiện nay. Kết quả cho thấy, mặc dù nhận thức được rằng tiếng Anh rất quan trọng và cần thiết nhưng sinh viên vẫn chưa chú trọng trong việc học tập tiếng Anh bằng các phương pháp học tập tích cực và hiệu quả, do đó trình độ tiếng Anh của sinh viên phần lớn chỉ ở mức trung bình. Qua kết quả nghiên cứu, một số gợi ý đối với nhà trường và sinh viên được đưa ra nhằm nâng cao năng lực học tập và khả năng ứng dụng trong thực tiễn cho sinh viên du lịch.
ĐÁNH GIÁ THỰC TRẠNG NGUỒN TRAI NƯỚC NGỌT SỬ DỤNG LÀM NGUYÊN LIỆU NUÔI LẤY NGỌC TẠI TUYÊN QUANG
Authors: Châu Lê Minh , Tùng Nguyễn Văn , Ngọc Hồ Thị Bích , Ngân Nguyễn Thị Nguyệt , Hòa Nguyễn Hữu
Published: August 2023

Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện bằng các khảo sát, thu thập thông tin tại thực địa, phỏng vấn trực tiếp người dân địa phương thống qua các phiếu điều tra nhằm phân tích, đánh giá và đưa ra một số nhận định về tình trạng của trai nước ngọt hiện nay ở Na Hang – Tuyên Quang, một trong những nguyên liệu quan trọng phục vụ cho nghề nuôi trai nước ngọt lấy ngọc. Kết quả ghi nhận được 2 loài trai phổ biến là trai đen cánh dày (Sinohyriopsis cumingii Lea 1852), trai xanh cánh mỏng (C. bialata Lea 1857) và một số loài khác chưa xác định. Trong đó, loài trai đen cánh dày (S. cumingii Lea 1852) chiếm 71,15%; loài trai xanh cánh mỏng (C. bialata Lea 1857) là 15,38%; các loài khác chưa xác định là 13,46%. Loài trai đen cánh dày (S. cumingii Lea 1852) có tần suất bắt gặp cao hơn (73,08%) so với loài trai xanh cánh mỏng (C. bialata Lea 1857) là 13,46%, còn các loài khác là 17,31%. Hai loài trai này phân bố chủ yếu ở loại hình nước tĩnh nhiều hơn so với nước chảy và tần suất xuất hiện của chúng ở mức ít gặp.
MỘT SỐ KẾT QUẢ VÀ KINH NGHIỆM THỰC TIỄN 20 NĂM THỰC HIỆN NGHỊ QUYẾT SỐ 13 HỘI NGHỊ TRUNG ƯƠNG 5 KHÓA IX (03-2002) VỀ TIẾP TỤC ĐỔI MỚI, PHÁT TRIỂN NÂNG CAO HIỆU QUẢ KINH TẾ TẬP THỂ
Authors: Quang Ngô Thị
Published: August 2023

Kinh tế tập thể với nòng cốt là kinh tế hợp tác xã là thành phần kinh tế có vai trò đặc biệt quan trọng trong cải thiện và nâng cao đời sống mọi mặt cho người lao động, góp phần làm giảm sự phân hóa giàu nghèo, bất bình đẳng trong xã hội nhất là ở khu vực nông thôn. Sự phát triển của kinh tế tập thể góp phần bảo vệ môi trường, bảo đảm an ninh quốc phòng, thực hiện các mục tiêu phát triển nhanh và bền vững của đất nước. Trên cơ sở Nghị quyết số 13 khóa IX (2002), Đảng và Nhà nước ta đã có nhiều chủ trương, cơ chế, chính sách phát triển kinh tế tập thể mang lại nhiều kết quả tích cực, không chỉ đóng góp to lớn vào nền kinh tế quốc dân mà còn mang lại nhiều lợi ích cho người dân và xã hội. Bằng phương pháp tổng hợp, phân tích và xử lý số liệu, bài viết nêu lên một số kết quả đạt được trong 20 năm đổi mới, phát triển, nâng cao hiệu quả kinh tế tập thể, đồng thời thể hiện nhận thức đúng đắn của Đảng về vai trò quan trọng của kinh tế tập thể đối với nền kinh tế đất nước. Kết quả nghiên cứu này nhằm tiếp tục đẩy mạnh, phát triển nâng cao hiệu quả của kinh tế tập thể trong thời gian tới.