bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Concentrated Growth Factor and Blood Clot as Scaffolds in Regenerative Endodontic Procedures: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Yang Fengjiao , Yu Lintong , Li Jiahui , Cheng Jing , Zhang Yishan , Zhao Xiaoe , Song Guangtai
Published: February 2022

Background: Concentrated growth factor (CGF) is a promising scaffold in regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) for its abundant growth factors. However, no clinical study has evaluated the effectiveness of CGF compared with the conventional scaffold in REPs. The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the success rate of CGF and blood clot (BC) as scaffolds in REPs.Methods: Immature permanent teeth diagnosed with pulp necrosis treated with REPs between 2012 and 2020 with a minimum of 6-month follow-up were included. These teeth were divided into the CGF and BC groups. Treatment outcomes were assessed using a combined clinical and radiographic scoring system. Preoperative and intraoperative data included tooth type, aetiology, capping materials, and restorative materials. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis at a significance level of 0.05.Results: A total of 121 teeth from 107 children were included. The CGF and BC groups included 53 and 68 teeth, respectively. The total success rate was 91.74% over a mean follow-up period of 23.15 months. There was no significant difference between the CGF group (86.79%) and BC group (95.59%). In both groups, a high proportion of teeth were scored 2 (increased root wall thickness and/or increased root length), and there was no significant difference in the scores between groups. The success rate of traumatic teeth (84.31%) was significantly lower than that of teeth with developmental dental anomalies (98.39%). Conclusions: CGF may be a suitable alternative scaffold in REPs when adequate bleeding cannot be achieved. Moreover, compared to developmental dental anomalies, traumatic teeth treated by REPs may be more vulnerable to failure.Trial registration: Retrospectively registered.
The Relationship Between Volunteers’ Attitude Towards Palliative Care and Spiritual Care Competence: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Wang Jingrong , Xu Yifan , Li Tiantian , Jue Xing , Shu Zhiqun , Hui Jue , Li Xueying , Jing Limei
Published: February 2022

Background: With the rising burden of palliative care and limited health care resource, volunteers are an integral resource in palliative care. However, the spiritual care competence and the relationship between spiritual care competence and attitude towards palliative care among volunteers has rarely been investigated. This study examined volunteers’ spiritual care competence; and identified factors affecting spiritual care competence.Methods: The correlational study was conducted with 385 volunteers in Shanghai, China. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Results: Volunteers’ spiritual care competence level was not high (58.50±10.92). And attitude towards palliative care was significantly correlated with spiritual care competence (r=0.49, p<0.001). A statistically significant correlation was found between spiritual care competence and the following variables: age, education background, marital status, religious belief, occupational status, relevant experience of practice and training.Conclusion: A need exists to organize and design diversified education and training programs about spiritual care targeting to different kinds of volunteers to continually improve their spiritual care competence. Considering attitude towards palliative care is a significant factor of spiritual care competence, education and training programs should be developed to help volunteers establish positive attitude towards palliative care.
Inhibitory action of mVOCs from Shewanella algae Sg8 against phytopathogenic fungi and transcriptional elicitation of PR genes in tomato
Authors: Krishnan Radhesh S , KUMARAVEL SENGALI RAGUNATH , Sriniva R , Prabakaran N. , Ponni Keerthana , Balaji G. , K Latha
Published: February 2022

The analysis of Microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) is an emerging research field with huge impact in the fields of medical & agricultural biotechnology, Microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) are being considered as imminent eco-friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides and fertilizers in sustainable agriculture. In this study, we characterized the effect of volatiles emitted from Shewanella algae (Sg8) isolated from a marine ecosystem in promoting plant growth, in controlling the activity of Fusarium oxysporum through mVOCs and its antagonistic activity against other phytopathogenic fungus. Sg8 also inhibited the growth of four other agronomically important foliar and soil plant pathogens: Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Magnoporthae oryzae and Macrophomina sp. The effect of microbial volatiles (mVOCs) produced by the bacterium Sg8, on plant growth were investigated on tomato plants under in vivo conditions. The VOCs emitted from Sg8 up regulated the Thaumatin-like antifungal (PR-5) gene (9-fold) and Glutamine synthetase (GS) gene (0.96-fold) in tomato plants. Sg8 effectively inhibited the growth of F. oxysporum and possessed plant growth promoting (PGP) activity. Our results show that Sg8 generates bioactive volatiles that induces the regulation of Pathogenesis related (PR) genes, & stimulation of the growth of the plants and also suppresses the growth of other agriculturally important foliar and soil phyto-pathogenic fungus.
Electrochemiluminescence of dual excited states modulated with arginine modification of black phosphorus quantum dots
Authors: Ju Huangxian , Yu Siqi , Du Yu , Niu Xianghong , Li Guangming , Zhu Da , Yu Qian , Zou Guizheng
Published: February 2022

The electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is generally emitted via radiative transition of singlet or triplet excited state (S1 or T1). Herein, an ECL mechanism with the transitions of both S1 and T1 of black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) was found for the first time, and an arginine modification strategy was proposed to passivate the surface oxidation defects of BPQDs, which could modulate the excited states for enhancing the ECL of BPQDs. The Arg modification led to greater spatial overlap of HOMO with LUMO and spectral shift of radiative transitions, and improved the stability of anion radical of BPQDs. The enhanced cathodic ECL was used to construct a sensitive method for conveniently evaluating the inhibiting efficiency of cyclo(RGDyK) to cell surface integrin by using RRGDS peptide modified BPQDs as signal tag. The dual excited states mediated ECL emitters provided a new paradigm for adjustable ECL generation and extended the application of ECL analysis.
In-situ Observation of Interfacial Debonding between a Single Carbon Fiber and Epoxy Matrix by Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Nano-Imaging
Authors: Takahashi Kosuke , Matsuo Takuma , Sato Wataru , Shoya Ryosuke , Nakamura Takashi , Takeuchi Akihisa , Uesugi Masayuki , Uesugi Kentaro
Published: February 2022

Although the initial stage of fatigue failure accounts for failure in mechanical structures, this has not been thoroughly clarified for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRPs), thereby prompting the need to develop innovative fatigue tests. In this study, interfacial debonding between a single carbon fiber and the epoxy matrix was observed using synchrotron radiation (SR) X-ray computed tomography (CT). A single carbon fiber was embedded perpendicular to the loading direction in a dumbbell-shaped epoxy sample. A tabletop fatigue testing machine driven by a piezoelectric actuator was developed to apply static and cyclic loads along the beamline for the in situ observation. The SR X-ray multiscale CT imaging was conducted by switching between an absorption-contrast projection method (micro-CT) and a phase-contrast imaging type X-ray microscopic CT (nano-CT). Micro-CT had insufficient resolution in detecting interfacial debonding, whereas nano-CT clearly visualized it under a static tensile load of 30 MPa. A gradual increase in the debonding length was detected until a static load of 50 MPa with nanovoid formation along the interface. Under cyclic loading, the debonding length increase along the interface was captured under a sinusoidal stress of 8–40 MPa after 10,000 cycles, whereas it did not propagate under a stress below 30 MPa.
Estimation of the divergence characteristics of a jet transport aircraft wing using numerical method.
Authors: Ferede Kirubeil Awoke
Published: February 2022

The goal of the present paper work is to demonstrate the use of numerical matrix iteration technique to obtain the divergence speed of a jet transport aircraft wing by employing aerodynamic strip theory. Aerodynamics strip theory is employed to obtain the divergence speeds for a finite (Three Dimensional) wing and for an infinite (Two dimensional) wing by matrix iteration technique. The aircraft wing is divided in to a number of Multhopp’s stations. The elastic property of the wing of a typical jet transport is considered for this analysis. Assuming a straight elastic axis, the matrix of torsional influence coefficients associated with Multhopp’s stations has been computed. A MATLAB code is used to iterate the matrix to arrive at the required convergent approximate solution. The solution converges about after ten iterations of the matrix. It is observed that torsional divergence speed estimated on the basis of strip theory without finite span correction is about 18% lower than the divergence speed estimated on the basis of strip theory with finite span correction. Two-dimensional torsional divergence analysis based on strip theory yields conservative torsional divergence speed. A tentative increase of 20 % in torsional stiffness resulted in about 15.5 percent increase in torsional divergence speed of a three-dimensional wing. This shows that divergence speed of a wing is directly proportional to the square root of torsional stiffness. This corroborates the result obtained for a two-dimensional wing. The result of the findings will be mandatory to high performance modern airplane designers for aeroelastic analysis.
Worldwide, Economic Affluence Was In Significantly Stronger Correlation To Obesity Prevalence Rate In Males Than In Females
Authors: You Wenpeng , Henneberg Maciej
Published: February 2022

Objective: Socioeconomic status has been associated with obesity prevalence increase in both males and females worldwide. We examined the magnitude of the difference between the two relationships and explored the independence of both relationships. Methods: Country specific data on GDP per capita, sex-specific obesity prevalence rates, urbanisation, total caloric intake and level of obesity, genetic background accumulation (measured by Biological State Index, Ibs) were obtained for 191 countries. Curvilinear regressions, bivariate and partial correlations, linear mixed models and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between GDP and obesity prevalence rates in males and females respectively. Fisher’s r-to-z transformation, F-test and R2 increment in multivariate regression were performed to compare the correlations or coefficients. Results: Curvilinear regressions, bivariate correlation and partial correlations with potential confounders (Ibs, urbanization and calories) statistically kept constant revealed that GDP was in significantly stronger correlation to obesity prevalence rate in males than in females. Stepwise multiple regression identified that GDP was a significant predictor of obesity prevalence in both sexes. Multivariate stepwise regression showed that, when adding GDP as an obesity prevalence predictor, the absolute increment of R2 in male fit model (0.046) was almost four (4) times greater than the absolute increment in female model fit (0.012). The Stepwise analyses also revealed that 68.0% of male but only 37.4% of female obesity prevalence rates were explained by the total contributing effects of GDP, Ibs, urbanization and calories. Conclusions: GDP may contribute to obesity prevalence significantly more in males than in females regardless of the confounding effects of Ibs, urbanization and calories. This may suggest that aetiologies for female obesity are much more complex than for males and more confounders should be included in the future studies when the data are available.
Zoonotic Trematode Prevalence In Galba Pervia (Lymnaeidae) And Experimental Infection Of Three Isolated Trematodes In The Intestine Of Duck
Authors: Li Jian , Ren Yijing , Yang Lei , Guo Jiani , Chen Haiying , Liu Jiani , Tian Haoqiang , Zhou Qingan , Huang Weiyi , Hu Wei , Feng Xinyu
Published: February 2022

Background: Food-borne diseases cause serious harm to public health and food safety. The snail species Galba pervia is an intermediate host for an array of parasitic trematodes. In this study, we performed a prevalence investigation on zoonotic trematode in G. pervia in Guangxi, China, and assessed the zoonotic potential of Trematode in the region.Methods: G. pervia was collected from 61 sites in 9 cities throughout Guangxi Provinces between 2012 to 2014. The larvae species were determined by combing morphological and molecular characteristics. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using neighbor-joining method with ITS2 sequences. The developmental cycles of the isolated trematodes were examined by experimental infection in ducks. The developmental characteristics of Echinostoma revolutum was recorded by dissecting infected ducklings from 1 dpi to 10 dpi. Results: Species identification showed E. revolutum, Australapatemon sp., Hypoderaeum conoideum, Pharyngostomum cordatum and Echinostoma sp. parasitized in G. pervia. However, no Fasciola larvae had been detected. A Neighbor-Joining tree analysis of ITS2 sequences resulted in monophyletic clades comprised of all sequences from isolated larvae with high bootstrap support. The overall prevalence of Trematode larvae in G. pervia was 22.0% (1818/8258), while E. revolutum presented with the highest infection rate of 12.9% from 11 sampling sites. Ducklings exposed to Echinostoma sp., E. revolutum, and H. conoideum larvae were successfully infected. E. revolutum larvae matured at 10 dpi in the intestine of the duck, and the developmental characteristics of E. revolutum were characterized by the maturation of the reproductive and digestive organs around 6~8 dpi.Conclusions: The present investigation revealed the high prevalence of trematodes in the G. pervia in Guangxi, China. With existing trematode infection human cases together with wide geographical distribution of G. pervia, more insight into the risks of human health and its link to human infections are needed.
Past and present giant viruses diversity explored through permafrost metagenomics
Authors: Rigou Sofia , Santini Sébastien , Abergel Chantal , Claverie Jean-Michel , Legendre Matthieu
Published: February 2022

Giant viruses are abundant in aquatic environments and ecologically important through the metabolic reprogramming of their hosts. Lesser is known about giant viruses from soil although two of them, belonging to different families, were reactivated from 30,000-y-old Siberian permafrost samples, suggesting an untapped diversity of Nucleocytoviricota in this environment. Through permafrost metagenomics, we reveal a high heterogeneity in the abundance of giant viruses representing up to 12% of the total community in one sample. Pithoviridae and Orpheoviridae-like viruses were the most important contributors, followed by Mimiviridae. A comparison to other terrestrial metagenomes confirmed that the diversity pattern in these samples is quite unique. In contrast, Pandoraviridae sequences remained scarce. Using a stringent methodology, we were able to assemble large genomes, including a complete circular 1.6 Mb Pithoviridae-like from a 42,000-y-old sample. The uncovered Pithoviridae diversity also provided insights into the family evolution. The phylogenetic reconstruction of specific functions not only revealed gene transfers between cells and viruses, but also between viruses from different families. Finally, the extensive annotation of the permafrost viral sequences revealed a patchwork of predicted functions amidst an even larger reservoir of anonymous genes of unknown functions.
Communication, Cognition and Competency Development in Healthcare – A model for integrating cognitive ethnography and communication skills training in clinical interventions
Authors: Schwalbe Daria M. , Timmermann Connie , Gregersen Trine A. , Steffensen Sune V. , Ammentorp Jette
Published: February 2022

Background: This article illustrates how cognitive, organizational, and communicative/interactive processes can be included into the design of micro-skills interventions in healthcare. We present a model for integrating methods of cognitive ethnography and in situ simulation into clinical communication intervention studies to support the implementation process. Methods: A twelve-week Blended Learning communication training course based on the Calgary-Cambridge guide and supported by in situ simulation is conducted among healthcare professionals at an outpatient clinic at a Danish university hospital. Cognitive ethnography is used to document and evaluate implementation and competency development: How learning is absorbed and translated into clinical practice. Results/Discussion: Clinical intervention studies can be designed to include cognitive, organizational, and communicative/interactive processes. The proposed model can effectively support implementation of communicative skills interventions in healthcare. The integration of cognitive ethnography supports documentation of change processes and organizational challenges that arise during the implementation and allows to evaluate whether the intervention is flexible enough to accommodate in “real-time.” Integration of cognitive ethnography can also secure necessary and timely adaptability of the program, stimulating the desired change on individual and organizational levels. In situ simulation training provides a further opportunity to train and review communicative skills in the clinic, which may help to better retain the introduced skills, thus promoting sustainable change. Conclusions: The proposed design can narrow the theory-practice gap, c and knowledge transfer, and has the potential to generate a positive cultural change, all of which are necessary to improve organizational processes and better patient care. The model works for the benefit of the clinic and may be more suitable for implementation of communication projects than, say, randomized setups. Adopting the integration of cognitive ethnography with clinical interventions as a way of understanding change processes can ensure adaptable activities and secure quality optimization and change in individual behavior and organizational culture over time. Improvement of health communication and communicative skills of healthcare providers can create pace for patient-involvement and reduce inequalities, and hence provide better and safer healthcare.
A community-based feasibility randomized controlled study to test food-specific inhibitory control training in people with disinhibited eating during COVID-19 in Italy
Authors: Cardi Valentina , Meregalli Valentina , Rosa Elisa Di , Derrigo Rossella , Faustini Chiara , Keeler Johanna Louise , Favaro Angela , Treasure Janet , Lawrence Natalia
Published: February 2022

PurposeThe aim of this study was to expand the evidence on the feasibility and impact of food-specific inhibitory control training in a community sample of people with disinhibited eating.MethodsRecruitment and data collection were conducted during the COVID-19 outbreak, in Italy. Ninety-four adult individuals with disinhibited eating were randomised to one of two conditions: App-based food-specific inhibitory control training or waiting list. Participants were assessed at baseline, end of intervention (two weeks following baseline) and follow-up (one week later). The assessment measures included questionnaires about eating behaviour and mood.ResultsSeventy-three percent of the sample reported a diagnosis of binge eating disorder, and 20.4% a diagnosis of bulimia nervosa. Retention rates were 77% and 86% for the food-specific inhibitory control training and the waiting list conditions, respectively. Almost half of the participants allocated to the training condition completed the “recommended” dose of training (i.e., 10 or more sessions). Those in the training condition reported lower levels of wanting for high-energy dense foods (p<0.05), a trend for lower levels of perceived hunger (p=0.07), and lower levels of depression (p<0.05). Binge eating symptoms, disinhibition, wanting for high-energy dense foods, stress and anxiety were significantly lower at end of intervention, compared to baseline (p<.05). ConclusionFindings corroborate the feasibility of food-specific inhibitory control training, and its impact on high-energy dense foods liking. The study expands the evidence base for food-specific inhibitory control training by highlighting its impact on perceived hunger and depression. The mechanisms underlying these effects remain to be clarified.Level of Evidence: Level I, Evidence obtained from at least one properly designed randomized controlled trials; systematic reviews and meta-analyses; experimental studies.
Cardioprotective Effect of Daidzein Against Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction Injury in Rats
Authors: R Vadivelan , Sundaram Vikash , Mohanasundaram Tharani , TIWARI RUCHI , Subramani Meenatchisundaram
Published: February 2022

Purpose
Daidzein (DZ) is an isoflavone derived from soy plants that has a wide range of nutritional benefits. The cardioprotective effect of DZ on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction (MI) injury in rats was investigated in this work.
Methods
DZ (10 and 20 mg/kg) was given to adult male Wistar Albino rats on a daily basis for 6 weeks. After the treatment period, the rats were subcutaneously injected with isoproterenol (ISO) (85 mg/kg) at 24-hour intervals for two days. Myocardial infarct size, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione (GSH) catalase (CAT) activities, and the histological alterations in the heart were observed using haematoxylin and eosin staining. Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in heart tissues were detected with ELISA kits.
Results
In ISO-induced rats, DZ administration reduced myocardial infract area, improved histological abnormalities in the myocardium, and decreased the activities of myocardial injury marker enzymes. Furthermore, DZ effectively reversed ISO-induced lipid peroxidation and antioxidant depletion, as well as considerably lowering cardiac pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in this animal model.
Conclusion
This research shows that DZ reduces ISO-induced myocardial infarction injury and is linked to a reduction in oxidative stress and inflammation.
Production and Wear Optimization of an MSSA Reinforced Al-Si-Mg Composite: A Taguchi Approach
Authors: OCHUOKPA Ezekiel Otor , YAWAS Danjuma Saleh , Sumaila Malachy , Samuel Bassey Okon
Published: February 2022

In this study, Al-Si-Mg-MSSA composite is produced by reinforcing the aluminum alloy with mango seed shell ash (MSSA). For the development parameters of stirring time, processing temperature, MSSA content, and MSSA particle size, Taguchi design of experiment was employed for the optimization of the wear properties of the developed composites. The optimal wear rate of the MSSA reinforced Al-Si-Mg composite was obtained to be 0.001517mm3/N/m at stirring time, processing temperature, MSSA content, and particle size of 60s, 720℃, 20%, and 25µm. Analysis of variance also proved the significance of MSSA particles in the reduction of the wear rate of Al-Si-Mg alloys. The wear behavior of the developed composite was successfully modeled using regression analysis with a prediction accuracy of 90.32%.
Quality of Life of People With Motor Disabilities, Involved or Not in Parasports
Authors: Dantas Karollyni Bastos Andrade , Dantas Estélio Henrique Martin , Emygdio Rogério Ferreira , Vieira Ivaldo Brandão , Reis Francisco Prado
Published: February 2022

Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of parasport on the quality of life of people with motor disabilities. Methodology: This cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted with 39 para-athletes (O = 30.9 ± 11.7 years) and 10 non-athletes with motor disabilities (b = 31.6 ± 9.3 years). The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of Pará State (CAAE nº 51930821.2.0000.5174), under protocol no. 5.012.266, of October 1, 2021. Data were collected on a Google Forms questionnaire. Quality of life was evaluated by applying the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire ― WHOQOL-100. The data were presented using descriptive statistics and underwent inferential analysis via nonparametric tests, where continuous data distribution is distinguished from normal distribution. The Mann-Whitney nonparametric test was applied for intergroup comparisons of continuous variables. For discrete and/or nominal variables, Pearson’s chi-squared test was used, both with a significance level of p < 0.05 to reject the null hypothesis. Results: The para-athletes exhibited better quality of life than that of non-athletes (∆% = 12.97%, p = 0.02), the former achieving a general index of 14.20, classifying them as high (above 14 points). This result is due primarily to Domain 6 (Spirituality), where this group obtained an index of 16.90, higher than that of the group of non-athletes in this domain (j% = 16.69%). Conclusion: With respect to their physical disabilities, the para-athlete group displayed better quality of life than their non-athlete counterparts. It can be inferred that engaging in parasports may have helped people with physical disabilities overcome their limitations.
A Multi-criteria Decision-making Framework for Selecting the Best Low Impact Development Techniques (LIDs)
Authors: Heidari Hadi
Published: February 2022

Low impact Development (LID) techniques are known as a novel stormwater management approach designed to mitigate the adverse effects of stormwater runoff and nonpoint source pollution. This study proposes a methodology for selecting the best LIDs based on the multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) while incorporating different stakeholder priorities. First, we characterize all main stakeholders so that their influences can be assessed. Second, relevant main criteria and sub-criteria are selected. Third, a stakeholder analysis is carried out to obtain social performance values and criteria priorities. Finally, two MCDA methods are applied to obtain the final LID rankings. The results show that the performance of infiltration practices and vegetated filter strips are reasonably good in stakeholders’ opinion. Subsequently, the performance of the soil restoration has a number of positive effects on stormwater quality and quantity function. Most of the ten LID techniques received ratings more than 3 from the Weighted Average Method (WAM) method (performing well) other than green roofs and constructed filters, and no techniques averaged lower than 2.29 out of 5. There is a general consensus on how vegetated filter strip and infiltration practices would perform, while there is little consensus on the bioretention, level spreaders, and porous pavements. The ratings show that the majority of stakeholders thought most LIDs would perform well (score of more than 3). While further investigations into the opinions held by main stakeholders of stormwater management of LID will be required, the results of this study provide an initial insight into how these results can be applied to support effective widespread LID implementation.
Management of Post COVID-19 Rhino cerebral Mucormycosis: A case report
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Sharma Sidhartha , Chawla Amrita , Koli Dheeraj , Mishra Deepika , Anbarasan Subagar , Logani Ajay
Published: February 2022

Mucormycosis is a life-threatening, opportunistic, deep fungal infection frequently evident in patients with moderate to severe forms of COVID-19. It is usually detected within 2-8 weeks after the onset of symptoms and is categorized into six types depending on its location. The rhinocerebral form is most prevalent and involves orofacial structures. The fulminant nature of Mucormycosis necessitates rapid diagnosis and aggressive multidisciplinary treatment planning. This report presents a case of post-COVID-19 rhinocerebral Mucormycosis, where the failure to identify the disease by the dentist led to treatment delay. The patient was successfully managed by a combined approach of surgical debridement and systemic antifungal drug administration. The function and esthetics were restored by prosthetic rehabilitation. Etiopathogenesis of post-COVID-19 Mucromycosis and the dentist’s role in the diagnosis and treatment of mucormycosis following COVID-19 infection is discussed.
An improved pharmacometric model for artesunate treatment of falciparum malaria
Authors: Saralamba Sompob , Simpson Julie A , Choosri Noppon , White Lisa , Pan-Ngum Wirichada , Dondorp Arjen M , White Nicholas J
Published: February 2022

Previous mathematical models characterising the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of artemisinins in-vivo have not accounted satisfactorily for observed dose-response relationships. We present a new mathematical model of antimalarial pharmacodynamics which incorporates the hypothesis that parasites enter a transitional unresponsive state after contact with artemisinins, followed either by delayed death or reactivation. The model predictions are consistent with both in vitro and in vivo study results.
Using a CO2 Laser-Firing as a Clean Production Method to Form an Electrical Conductivity Surface and ColorChanging on Craft Ceramic.
Authors: LEE TZU-CHIEH (JAY)
Published: February 2022

Craft ceramic is an old industry. Most craft clay needs to be fired in a kiln, but kilns are expensive and inefficient [Kiln firing thermal efficiency: Kiln body heat storage 18.67%, Exhaust Sensible Heat 45.9%, Heat loss from incomplete combustion 16.24%, Radiated Conduction and Other Loss of Heat 12.61%]. In order to change the color of ceramic, potters commonly use kiln reduction firing. This technique requires an additional step and more fuel, which creates more air pollution. In this study, we used a CO2 laser to fire craft clay and glaze. This process not only changes the ceramic’s color but also changes the conductivity of the ceramic’s surface. By changing the composition of the glaze, the ceramic’s surface resistance was altered. Most kiln-fired ceramics are non-conductive because oxides are combined by covalent bonds. During the laser firing process, the covalent bonds become metal bonds. The scientific value of this paper is expanding the area of clean ceramic techniques.This new firing technique produces ceramic products that are superior in terms of light, heat, magnetism, and electricity. Thus, laser firing adds more function to the final ceramic product than kiln firing does. As opposed to kiln firing, there is no air pollution associated with CO2 laser firing. In comparison to kiln firing, laser-firing reduces both heat waste and air pollution by 99%. This study is based on our patented laser ceramic reduction firing technique. (Taiwan, R.O.C Patent Number: I687394& I750055) We recommend additional studies into laser firing in order to collect more data on laser-based ceramic production. Range: 20W laser
Informed choice, the target 3.7 of the sustainable development goals (universal access to family planning information and education): an analysis of the 2012 and 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Surveys
Authors: Budiharsana Meiwita P , Wahyuningsih Wiji , Heywood Peter
Published: February 2022

Background. Informed choice means that women contraceptive users choose the method that best satisfies their needs after receiving information about all available contraceptive methods, side-effects of the methods, and how to deal with the side effects if experienced. Receiving adequate information is an ethical necessity and a fundamental rule in fulfilling reproductive rights because women’s decisions depend on the information. Objective. To measure the percentages of women making an informed choice of contraceptives and associated factors in Indonesia, between 2007 and 2017. This measure reflects how far Indonesia had achieved the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) target 3.7 (“by 2030, to ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health-care services, including for family planning, information and education, and the integration of reproductive health into national strategies and programmes”). Methods. Married women who used five modern contraceptive methods (the pill, injectables, implants, IUD, and female sterilization) were included, comprised of a total unweighted sample of 23,910 women out of the 45,607 and 49,627 married women aged 15-49 in the 2012 and 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey data, respectively. The Method Information Index (MII) scores calculated responses to three questions (were told about method‐specific side effects, advised what to do if they experienced them, and informed about other available methods). Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess factors associated with the MII value. Results. In this study, the two waves of 2012 and 2017 IDHS data revealed that women making informed choices were 24.60% and 28.65%, respectively. Meaning, over 70% of women contraceptive users were still uninformed about side effects, what to do, and other available methods. Since informed choice determines the continuation of methods used, it is crucial to close this persistent gap, in line with the principle of women’s reproductive rights in achieving SDG target 3.7. Conclusions. ﻿Over 70 percent of reproductive age married women in Indonesia were inadequately informed about side effects, what to do if they experienced side effects, and whether other methods could be used. Keywords: family planning, informed choice, contraceptives, SDG target 3.7, Indonesia, 2030
3D zoning of barium in alkali feldspar
Authors: Lubbers Jordan , Kent Adam , Meisenheimer Douglas , Wildenschild Dorthe
Published: February 2022

Interpretation of chemical zoning within igneous minerals is critical to many petrologic studies. Zoning in minerals, however, is commonly observed in thin sections or grain mounts, which are random 2D slices of a 3D system. Use of these 2D sections to infer 3D geometries requires a set of assumptions, often not directly tested, introduces several issues, and results in partial loss of zoning information. Computed X-ray microtomography (microCT) offers a way to assess 3D zoning in minerals at high resolution. To observe 3D mineral zoning using microCT, however, requires that zoning is observable as differences in X-ray attenuation. Sanidine, with its affinity for Ba in the crystal lattice, can display large, abrupt variations in Ba that are related to various magma reservoir processes. These changes in Ba also significantly change the X-ray attenuation coefficient of sanidine, allowing for discrete mineral zones to be mapped in 3D using microCT. Here we utilize microCT to show 3D chemical zoning within natural sanidines from a suite of volcanic eruptions throughout the geologic record. We also show that changes in microCT grayscale in sanidine are largely controlled by changes in Ba. Starting with 3D mineral reconstructions, we simulate thin-section making by generating random 2D slices across a mineral zone to show that slicing orientation alone can drastically change the apparent width and slope of composition transitions between different zones. Furthermore, we find that chemical zoning in sanidine can commonly occur in more complex geometries than the commonly interpreted concentric zoning patterns. Together, these findings have important implications for methodologies that rely on the interpretation of chemical zoning within minerals and align with previously published numerical models that show how chemical gradient geometries are affected by random sectioning during common sample preparation methods (e.g., thin sections and round mounts).
Perancangan Tas Multiguna dengan Konsep Desain Berkelanjutan
Authors: Radhitya Yoga Wiranto  , Rahmawan Dwi Prasetya  , Endro Tri Susanto
Published: February 2022

Kerusakan lingkungan hingga saat ini masih tidak dapat dihindari. Konsumsi berlebihan menjadi salah satu dalang akan kerusakan ini. 80 persen dampak ekologis dari sebuah produk terletak pada tahap perancangan, memberi tanggung jawab besar pada setiap desainer produk untuk memperhatikan apa yang ia rancang. Konsep desain berkelanjutan menjadi salah satu pendekatan yang dapat digunakan desainer untuk tetap berkarya namun juga ikut menjaga lingkungan dengan meminimalisir dampak kerusakannya. Industri tekstil, menjadi salah satu penyumbang terbesar dalam kerusakan lingkungan, baik ekologis maupun sosial. Segala kegiatan industri dari hulu hingga hilir, memberi dampak kerusakan. Kerusakan diperparah pada masif dan cepatnya konsumsi pada industri ini. Dalam krisis yang masih berlanjut, menjadi dorongan untuk melakukan perancangan tas, sebagai salah satu produk tekstil, sebagai upaya yang dapat membantu meningkatkan kesadaran konsumen dan desainer terhadap lingkungan. Dengan berbagai kajian dan pendekatan yang dilakukan melalui Disruptive Design Method, menghasilkan sebuah solusi berupa desain tas dengan pendekatan multiguna.
Peran Point of Purchase dalam Promosi Hasil Diversifikasi Produk Berbahan Limbah Tekstil
Authors: Koniherawati  , Dan Daniel Pandapotan
Published: February 2022

Saat ini, pandemi memberikan dampak berantai bagi masyarakat. Salah satunya terjadi pada karyawati yang beralih profesi menjadi penjahit sebagai mata pencaharian utama di kampung Kleben, Wirobrajan, Yogyakarta. Mulanya, penjahit menerima pesanan berbagai jenis pakaian. Namun, penurunan jumlah pesanan memaksa mereka untuk mencoba membuat produk baru berbahan limbah tekstil yang lebih mudah diserap oleh pasar, yaitu masker. Meski demikian, terjadinya peningkatan jumlah pasokan masker membuat penjahit kesulitan untuk bersaing dengan modal dan keterampilan yang dimiliki. Adapun saat ini tengah marak sosialisasi gaya hidup sehat, salah satu dampaknya terjadi pada peningkatan minat masyarakat untuk memiliki tanaman di rumah dan tempat kerja. Fenomena ini dapat dimanfaatkan penjahit untuk meningkatkan penghasilan melalui produk baru. Kebaharuan produk dibuat dengan cara diversifikasi produk dekoratif berbahan kain perca sebagai “baju” bagi pot tanaman hias. Selain itu, kebaharuan juga dibuat dalam melakukan promosi produk yang mengadopsi Point of Purchase (POP) produk pakaian. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan metode etnografi partisipatoris. Perancangan produk dan POP dilakukan penjahit dan desainer menggunakan pendekatan sustainable design. Hasil penelitian berupa produk dekoratif pot tanaman hias dan POP mampu menunjukkan potensi dari keterbatasan modal dan keterampilan yang dimiliki oleh penjahit.
Transformasi Budaya Lokal Menjadi Desain Produk Kontemporer Dengan Metode IMO
Authors: Devanny Gumulya  , Fenny Meilani
Published: February 2022

Di pasar global, produk yang inovatif adalah produk yang tidak hanya baik secara estetika tapi juga harus memiliki nilai. Salah satu strategi efektif untuk meningkatkan identitas produk di pasar global adalah dengan mengaplikasikan budaya dan kearifan lokal dalam desain produk. Untuk itu perlu diteliti kerangka yang membantu para desainer produk untuk menstranslasikan budaya lokal dengan tepat dan baik. IMO adalah metode analisa artefak budaya yang terdiri dari tiga elemen yaitu inner (dalam), middle (tengah) dan luar (outer). Elemen dalam (inner) adalah makna, symbol dari artefak bagi suatu budaya. Elemen tengah (middle) adalah fungsi dan proses pembuatan dari artefak. Elemen luar (outer) adalah tampilan fisik dari artefak seperti material, warna, detail ornamen, dst. Metode ini ditujukan untuk membantu proses kreasi desainer bagaimana mentranslasikan budaya dengan baik dan mempertimbangkan semua lapisan budaya sehingga didapatkan pengayaan yang lebih. Metode ini dikembangkan dengan pendekatan teori emosional design dan piramida nilai dari Bain. Tujuan dari metode IMO adalah menghasilkan desain produk dengan elemen narasi storytelling yang kuat. Dalam paper ini metode IMO diaplikasikan pada studi kasus Perancangan Perhiasan Kontemporer Dengan Inspirasi Tradisi Telinga Panjang Suku Dayak Kenyah, Kalimantan Timur. Hasil dari metode IMO ini adalah transformasi budaya Dayak Kalimantan Timur menjadi set perhiasan dengan inspirasi level middle yaitu tradisi telinga Panjang.
Modeling the dynamic patterns of banking and non-banking financial intermediaries’ performance
Authors: Bukhtiarova Alina , Semenog Andrii , Mordan Yevgeniya , Kremen Viktoriia , Balatskyi Yevgen
Published: February 2022

Nowadays, there are many preconditions and circumstances for conducting shadow schemes in the financial market. Therefore, the level of risk of participation of bank and non-bank financial intermediaries in such schemes is assessed as high. The lack of a practical methodology for assessing the development trajectory of financial intermediaries raises the question of the need for preventive control and quality modeling of their growth dynamics. The study aims to identify and formalize the patterns of development paths of banking and non-banking financial intermediaries based on the Harrington desirability function, which will be used to identify risk patterns as indicative patterns of financial intermediaries’ participation in shadow schemes. The sample includes 13 banking institutions, 3 credit unions, 3 pawnshops, 3 insurance companies, and 3 financial companies. The obtained results showed the relationship between the financial intermediary risk level in terms of its participation in shadow schemes and the phases of the economic cycle as a catalyst for the economic dynamics of the formal and informal economy. Thus, in 2012–2015, most financial intermediaries were in the zone of most significant risk, especially banks, characterized by economic, social, and political instability. Today, banks are in the group with a controlled level of risk of participation in scheme operations. Over the years analyzed, a stable neutral level of risk of participation in shadow schemes was inherent in most non-bank financial institutions. They were less sensitive than banks to the phases of the economic cycle.
AcknowledgmentAlina Bukhtiarova and Yevgeniya Mordan gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (0120U100473, 0121U100469).
Resisting Silence towards Women
Authors: Derosa Allestisan Citra , Irwansyah Irwansyah
Published: February 2022

The research provided a descriptive analysis of six articles published by Magdalene, an Indonesian publication that resonated with feminists, pluralists, and progressive voices, to identify the subtle tactics men used to silence women. The idea of neutrality in language endured a long-standing debate between scholars in the communication field. In the perspective of feminist thinkers, language served a function of sexual division, placing men in domination and women in oppression. Women were constrained by a social system governed and communicated through a language that did not represent their experience and perspective. Men’s language denied and negated women’s authenticity. Women were only authentic when their voice was narrated by the language unfamiliar to the scream of their anguish and struggles. The language was not only a medium of expression but also a method of silence. In order to resist oppression, one must be critical of the technique men use in silencing women. Using silence methods from Muted Group Theory provided by Cheris Kramare, the research finds that silence dominantly occurs in the form of violence. The overlap of silence methods is mostly followed by censorship towards women. In one case of sexual harassment towards a female university student, the educational institution is considered the embodiment of patriarchal social construction for coercing silence to victims and doubling its function as sources of knowledge and sexual harassment perpetrators. Lastly, another finding suggests that men who strongly associate with feminist traits and whose sexual identification is against the dominant masculine norm are also disempowered.
Religious Values in Bangilun Dance Verse and Its Pedagogical Relevance to Character Building
Authors: Pusparini Noviana , Rohmadi Muhammad , Wibowo Prasetyo Adi Wisnu
Published: February 2022

The research aimed to describe and identify the religious value contained in the poetry of Bangilun dance and its pedagogical relevance. Religious values were character values related to divinity: they were the basis of thought, speech, and deed. This value could be found in traditions such as the Bangilun dance as a manifestation of local wisdom. The research applied a the descriptive qualitative method. Data in the research were Bangilun dance poems that contained religious values. The data sources were informants, Bangilun dance poetry notebooks, journals, and books related to the selected topic. Data collection was done by using documentation, observation, and interview techniques. Data analysis technique used the content analysis method. The results show that form of religious values found in Bangilun poetry is a form of human relationship with God, while the pedagogical relevance is the Bangilun dance poetry can be used as teaching material in schools by including it in all school activities (extracurricular and intracurricular), integrating it in all subjects at all levels of education, and cooperation of all elements (school, parents, and society).
Young People and the Psychological Orientation towards Politics (POTP): Identifying Gender, Ethnicity, and Educational Background as Predictors
Authors: Adinugroho Indro , Wibawa Dhevy Setya
Published: February 2022

The research addressed a psychological orientation of young people towards politics (Psychological Orientation towards Politics/POTP). It focused on three primary variables: Political Efficacy (PE), Political Interest (PI), and Political Knowledge (PK) in relation to gender identity (male and female), ethnicity (Tionghoa & non-Tionghoa), and educational background (socio-political science and non-socio-political science). As a young democratic country, Indonesia faced various challenges while pursuing robust democracy like another developed country. One big challenge faced by Indonesia was related to the awareness of political participation, the most central element for a democratic country where people must be aware that they have legitimate power. To overcome these challenges, investigation on variables related to psychological dimensions of humans was needed to start developing a behavioral map of political behavior in Indonesia, particularly concentrating on young people as the next generation of Indonesia democracy. Data were collected from the online panel. Results from descriptive statistics and linear regression models with three blocks have shown that these three variables have played an important role in determining POTP in young people. PK is the most affected variable compared to the other two variables. In conclusion, the identification of ethnicity (Tionghoa vs. non-Tionghoa) and educational background are possible factors that may affect the degree of POTP in the female group.