bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНИЙ СТРЕС СПОРТИВНОЇ КОМАНДИ
Authors: Волянюк Н. Ю. , Ложкін Г. В. , Колосов А. Б.
Published: February 2022

Статтю присвячено розгляду проблеми організаційного стресу в спортивній команді. У психології спорту виділяють ряд понять, які суголосні зі стресом: змагальний стрес, стрес надмірних фізичних навантажень, організаційний стрес. Ці поняття близькі, але не синонімічні. Змагальний стрес виникає як реакція на суперництво. Стрес фізичних навантажень пов’язаний із надмірним фізичним напруженням. Організаційний стрес виникає внаслідок негативного впливу на спортсмена особливостей команди, у якій він перебуває. Проведене дослідження дало змогу розкрити зміст організаційного стресу спортивної команди. Автори, посилаючись на різні дослідження, організаційний стрес трактують як комплексний стан спортивної команди, детермінований факторами підвищеної напруженості, який ускладнює її ефективне функціонування в цілому. Як особливий психологічний феномен організаційний стрес проявляється у зниженні інтегрованості в роботу спортивної команди її членів. Фактори, що викликають різноманіття проявів організаційного стресу в команді, розглянуті на трьох рівнях: груповому, особистісному й зовнішньому. Групові (командні) зумовлені міжособистісним спілкуванням спортсменів і їхнім становищем у команді. Особистісні викликані психологічними проблемами окремого спортсмена. Зовнішні пов’язані з особливостями управління командою (клубом) і соціальним середовищем. Позитивна чи негативна значущість цих факторів обумовлена психологічними установками спортсменів і тренерів, а також глибиною розуміння ними феномена організаційного стресу. Дія факторів організаційного стресу висуває особливі вимоги до особистісних ресурсів спортсмена, виснаження чи втрата яких є первинним тригером, що запускає стресову реакцію команди загалом. Розвиток організаційного стресу спортивної команди має складну та багатогранну обумовленість, пов’язану з динамічністю організаційного середовища, яким є спорт.
Examining the Professional Development Processes of Pre-service English Teachers in Turkey
Authors: Ökmen Burcu , Kılıç Abdurrahman
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study is to reveal the development of the professional knowledge and competencies of pre-service English teachers through the practice of lesson study. The action research method, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in this research. Action plans are prepared in two cycles. Accordingly, each lesson plan represents action research and two cycles. The study group of the research consisted of two pre-service English teachers from among fourth-year students studying in the English language teaching department of a public university and taking teaching practice courses. In the research, interview, observation, reflective daily form, student evaluation form and the letter about the process were used as data collection tool. At the end of the research, it was concluded that the lesson study method improved pre-service teachers’ student-centered methods and technique usage skills and positively affected the pre-service teachers’ views of the teaching profession and developed their beliefs about being successful teachers.
Interest in Environmental Issues as a Determinant of Science Literacy: A Multinational Review with Artificial Neural Network Analysis
Authors: ÖZKAN Umut Birkan
Published: February 2022

This study aims to analyze from a multinational perspective, whether interest in environmental issues is a determining factor on science literacy, using PISA-2018 data. In this study, where one of the quantitative research models; relational survey model was used, the secondary data obtained from the PISA-2018 evaluation were analyzed. The data of 98306 students at the age of 15 in 15 different countries were used. In the analysis of the data obtained, t-test, multiple regression analysis, and artificial neural network analysis were used. According to the results of the analysis, significant differences were found between the science literacy scores of the students who were very interested in the environmental issues in their country and those who were not interested at all. Similarly, significant differences were found between the science literacy scores of students who were very interested in environmental issues in other countries and those who were not interested at all. In addition, it can be stated that the students' relevance to environmental problems are factors that statistically predict students' science literacy in a significant way. Based on the results of the study, suggestions were made.
Analysis of the Healthcare and Overall Economic Competitiveness of Santiago, Isabela, Philippines
Authors: Abello Angelica Praise D. , Agcaoili Gabrielle Kirstin C. , Agustin Nicasio Angelo J.
Published: February 2022

City of Santiago, Isabela, is otherwise known as the “Queen City of the North” and the only independent component city in region 2 that substantially contributes to the overall production and competitiveness of the region. This study aimed to determine the influence of the state of healthcare to the economic competitiveness, identify the determinants that contribute to the demand for healthcare, discover the factors that affect the choices of consumers to healthcare services, and measure the effect of healthcare inputs on the level of mortality rate in the City of Santiago, Isabela, Philippines. Primary and secondary data were utilized, and even employed descriptive and inferential statistics for the analysis. This study discovered that the competitive index has a significant positive impact on the total annual patients and healthcare facilities while the annual healthcare expenditure of the City of Santiago is insignificant. The demand for healthcare services arises because of demographic, medical-related, and socio-economic factors. Moreover, the prime factor influencing residents' acquiring healthcare services is the quality itself. Lastly, the mortality rate has a significant inverse impact on the number of general practitioners and medical specialists in the city, while the number of hospital beds showed a significant positive effect.
Comparison In-vitro Release and pH Effect Among Different Oral Antidiabetic Drugs: Review Article
Authors: Salih Omar , Ghareeb Mowafaq M. , Mohammed Mais Fadhel
Published: February 2022

Diabetes is a metabolic condition that affects how the body utilizes digested food for growth and energy. The majority of the food we consume is broken down into glucose, which is the form of sugar in our blood. Glucose is the body's primary fuel source. The solubility of glibenclamide (glibenclamide), metformin, and sitagliptin were evaluated in triplicate in different pH using a water bath shaker at 37oC using the shake-flask technique. The quantity of medicine accessible for absorption is determined by the drug release. Each drug's physiochemical characteristics substantially impact release along the G.I.T. For each medication, a calibration curve and solubility measurement were performed. In the duodenum and the small intestine, glibenclamide was released more efficiently and fast than metformin and sitagliptin, which had higher pKa values than glibenclamide, i.e., the metformin and sitagliptin were released more quickly and efficiently in pH 1.2 and pH 5.8. Glibenclamide is absorbed from the stomach, if not completely.
Effect of Leadership and Organizational Culture on Employee Performance
Authors: Tianingrum Atikah Sofa
Published: February 2022

Currently, many construction companies offer construction services for Pile Foundation work and Bored Pile or Struss Pile for Buildings, Bridges, BTS Towers, Residential Houses, Shophouses, Hotels and the like using the Bored Pile or Strauss Pile method. The problem that exists is because of the influence of employee performance on construction where there are still some employees who are not satisfied with the leadership. This study aims to determine the effect of influence on employee performance and to see the influence of Organizational Culture on employee performance. This study tested three hypotheses with data sources originating from respondents from PT. Queen of the Great Foundation. Information, primary and secondary data in this study were only obtained from PT. Queen of the Great Foundation. The population and sample of this study were all employees of PT. The Great Foundation Queen of various divisions that opened 90 people. This study uses a quantitative approach method. The data collection technique used primary data in the form of a questionnaire. The data analysis technique of this research used the Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) method. This study shows that 1) Leadership has a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance, 2) Leadership has a positive and significant influence on Organizational Culture, 3) Organizational culture has a positive and significant influence on employee performance.
Effect of Human Resources Quality, Performance Evaluation, and Incentives on Employee Productivity at Raharja High School
Authors: Mulyati  , Zebua Selamat , Chakim Mochamad Heru Riza , Khairul
Published: February 2022

This study used a sample of 30 employees of Raharja College, Cikokol, Tangerang which were taken randomly to test the effect of the quality of human resources, job evaluation, incentives on employee productivity. The survey method with path analysis technique was used to analyze the pattern of relationships between variables with the aim of knowing the direct or indirect effect of a set of independent variables (exogenous) on the dependent variable (endogenous) with data analysis using the smart PLS 3.0 version software. The results show that the quality of human resources has a positive effect on employee productivity with a path coefficient value of 0.145, the quality of human resources has a positive effect on incentives with a path coefficient value of 0.121, incentives have a positive effect on productivity with a path coefficient value of 0.784, while performance evaluation has no positive effect on employee productivity with a path coefficient value of -0.103. It can be said that all the hypotheses in this study only one that does not have a positive effect while the rest have a positive effect. From the results of the data analysis, it can be seen that the quality of human resources directly affects employee productivity at Raharja College. Thus, the hypothesis which states that the quality of HR has a direct effect on employee productivity is accepted.
Analysis of the Effect of Quality, Service Price and Satisfaction on Patients and Their Impact on Visits to Exclusive Dental Clinics in South Jakarta
Authors: Pamungkas Aji Gempur , Suharko Arief , Apriani Desy , Jawahir  , Nabila Efa Ayu
Published: February 2022

The low rate of repeat visits in exclusive dental clinics is an interesting problem to study. From the available data, as well as interviews with several owners of exclusive dental clinics in cities of Jakarta, Surabaya, Samarinda and Banjarmasin in Indonesia as well as from the initial observations at exclusive dental clinics in South Jakarta, we found that the rate of repeat visits for existing patients was much lower than for new patients. From previous studies, it was also found that patient visits to the dental clinic were very low. This was influenced by the low level of patient satisfaction with the dental clinic. Their article mentions that retaining existing patients who make repeat visits at health clinics is about five times more profitable than serving new patients. This study aims to determine the effect of quality, service price and patient satisfaction on patient loyalty which influences patients to make repeat visits to exclusive dental clinics in South Jakarta, Indonesia. The subjects of this study were patients who had made at least two visits to the same exclusive dental clinics in South Jakarta, as well as patients who had previously visited other exclusive dental clinics. In this study, the approach used is a quantitative approach, and the type of data used in this study uses quantitative data in the form of questionnaire tabulations and qualitative data in the form of the research object general observations. We collect primary data through respondents' answers to questionnaires and secondary data sources through information on the population of DKI Jakarta Selatan and the characteristics of the middle-upper economic community.
Influence of Determined Tax Load, Tax Planning, and Profitability in Profit Management in The Company Manufacturing The Mining Sector, The Coal Sub Sector Listed on The Indonesia Stock Exchange Year
Authors: Hidayat Imam , Sutria Pinka Oktaviani
Published: February 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of deferred tax expense, planning, and profitability on earnings management. The method used in sampling is using a purposive sampling method. The population in this study is manufacturing companies in the mining sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2018-2020. Based on the established criteria, 11 companies have been obtained. This study indicates that the deferred tax expense variable does not affect earnings management; tax planning affects earnings management because profitability affects earnings management. The variables of deferred tax expense, tax planning, and profitability affect earnings management. Profitability has a significant effect on earnings management of manufacturing companies in the Coal Mining sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2018-2020 period. Deferred Tax Expenses, Tax Planning, and Profitability simultaneously affect the profit management of manufacturing companies in the Coal sub-sector Mining sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2018-2020 period. Deferred Tax Expenses have no significant effect on earnings management in manufacturing companies in the Coal Mining sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2020. Tax planning significantly affects earnings management for manufacturing companies in the Coal Mining sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2018 period 2020.
Perhitungan Biaya Pemasukan Dalam Menetapkan Harga Jual Dan Jasa Pada PT Trimitra Solusindo
Authors: Haryani Hendriyati , Angela Mutiara , Al Wahni Nurmaida Azizah
Published: February 2022

This research aims to analyze the calculation of the order budget in setting the selling price at PT Trimitra Solusindo. Analysis of determining the cost of goods sold with the Full Costing method approach. The cost of goods ordered through the Full Costing method at PT Trimitra Solusindo in 2014 was Rp. 91.910.000,- while the cost of goods sold was Rp. 175.000.000,-. In 2015 the cost of production through the Full Costing method of PT Trimitra Solusindo experienced an increase to Rp. 142.805.000,- while the cost of goods sold was Rp. 273.000.000,-. The increase in the cost of production and the cost of goods sold was due to the increase in the number of Rosban production at PT Trimitra Solusindo, so that the entire existing budget also experienced an increase. The selling price of rosban which must be inaugurated by PT Trimitra Solusindo in order to obtain a profit in accordance with its target in 2014 is Rp. 3.500.000 per unit, while in 2015 the selling price of rosban which must be inaugurated by PT Trimitra Solusindo in order to earn a profit is in accordance with its target, namely: IDR 4,200,000 per unit.
Sistem Informasi Transaksi dalam P2P di Pasar Cryptocurrency Binance
Authors: Debataraja Mintauli , Gonzales Elian Juan , Kosaanah Amanda Septia
Published: February 2022

With this research to determine the effect of public literacy in investing, the most common are currency, paper money and coins. Now the blockchain technology that we hear more often, namely with cryptocurrencies, has made many meanings of the benefits of profit because it is without the costs of administrative services, without intermediaries, and delays. In this case, one of them is the Binance Platform, the Fintech P2P lending Ecosystem and digital transaction system are growing very quickly and become one of the cashless payment options, an alternative choice for new tariff categories because of the multiple advantages of fast and technology-based processes which are the supporting culture of the MSME generation. Cryptocurrency despite very significant progress but not many countries have legalized it as a legal medium of exchange. With the influence of information systems science, namely by knowing more about the extent of acceptance of cryptocurrencies in society in terms of social finance
SENDEROS FEMINISTAS. Andares sentipensantes en la academia y durante la pandemia
Authors: González-López Gloria
Published: February 2022

Senderos feministas nos invita a recorrer las veredas y caminos intelectuales y profesionales que la autora ha transitado como feminista, socióloga y etnógrafa, desde sus inicios a finales del siglo XX, hasta el amanecer de la década que despertara con la pandemia que tomaría al mundo por sorpresa en el nuevo milenio. Y en este andar profesional se van entretejiendo, página tras página, tanto publicaciones académicas como emotivos textos de escritura creativa, todos inspirados en el corazón con razón de las epistemologías de Gloria E. Anzaldúa, y el espíritu sentipensante de los pescadores colombianos que conmovieran al respetado sociólogo Orlando Fals Borda. Despatriarcalizar tanto el corazón como la razón es la fuerza vital¡ de este volumen y lo colocan en la tradición académica, tanto en Estados Unidos como en América Latina, que ha incorporado dicha perspectiva en varios campos del conocimiento, para así reconocer la íntima relación entre el pensar, el sentir y el compromiso social en nuestros quehaceres intelectuales y profesionales. La incansable exploración de la autenticidad a plenitud, así como la vulnerabilidad intelectual como fuente de fortaleza y transformación interior, son la viva esencia de esta colección.
The Effect of the Field of Adaptation on Chromatic Discrimination Ellipses
Authors: Urbin Ágnes , Nagy Balázs Vince , Wenzel Klára
Published: February 2022

In this paper results of chromatic discrimination measurements obtained in two lighting scenarios are compared. Chromatic discrimination thresholds were measured in relation with systematically manipulated chromaticities seen under different visual angles. In both cases the Ellipse module of the Cambridge Colour Test (CCT) was obtained binocularly by normal colour-observers. Discrimination ellipses fitted to the measured thresholds were compared in terms of the adapting chromaticity and the visual angle of the adapting stimulus. Our findings show that changes in the reference chromaticity of the CCT have stronger effect on the elongation of the chromatic discrimination ellipses compared to the effect of the adapting chromaticity obtained in a light booth.Further comparison of discrimination thresholds estimated towards the confusion directions and the corresponding radii of the Ellipse test results suggests that the reliability of the Ellipse test results depends on the relation between the measurement directions and the confusion directions.
La Diagnostica Del Rene Policistico Autosomico Dominante
Authors: Serbelloni P. , Conte F. , Milani S. , Sessa A.
Published: February 2022

Abstract non disponibile
Dosaggio Alluminio Plasmatico: Proposta Di Modello Organizzativo
Authors: Scarpino L. , Confessore A. , Bruno A. , D'Alessandro C.
Published: February 2022

Abstract non disponibile
Il Caso Clinico Nefrite Interstiziale Acuta Con Insufficienza Renale Grave Rna Reversibile Dovuta a Streptochinasi
Authors: Garosi G.
Published: February 2022

Abstract non disponibile
Rassegna Della Letteratura Recente
Authors: Guernieri A.
Published: February 2022

Abstract non disponibile
Planigrafia cmentarzyska i elementy obrządku pogrzebowego / The arrangement of graves and elements of the funeral rite
Authors: Tomczak Eugeniusz , Szczepanek Anita , Jarosz Paweł
Published: February 2022

The cemetery in Gogolin is one of the flat cemeteries with a biritual funeral rite typical for the Upper Silesian-Lesser Poland group of the Lusatian culture. In the north and south-west range of this group, the Częstochowa-Gliwice subgroup was distinguished. In the classic stage of this subgroup, i.e. at the end of the Bronze Age and at the beginning of the Hallstatt period, a distinctive feature of the funeral rites is the prevalence of cemeteries with more inhumations than cremations. The necropolis in Gogolin is the most southwestern site of this subgroup. Inhumation burials dominate at most biritual cemeteries, although there are also some where cremation graves prevail. It is worth emphasising the peripheral location of the cemetery within the Upper Silesian-Lesser Poland group, because the communities from the western bank of Oder river, representing the Silesian group of the Lusatian culture, practiced cremation burial rite exclusively. At the analysed necropolis 71 graves were examined, including 38 inhumation and 29 cremation burials. The cremation graves varied from simple, small pits with concentrations of bones suggesting their original placement in an organic container, to graves imitating inhumation burials in respect of the grave pit size and furnishing. In three cases, the type of burial rite could not be established because the burials were almost completely destroyed.
Comparison of Phase Evolution and Sintering Properties of Ti-10Mo Alloys Prepared using Bulk Scrap and Blended Elemental (BE) Powder
Authors: Choi In-Hyeok , Oh Jung-Min , Kim Daeyoung , Kim Jong-Woong , Kwon Hanjung
Published: February 2022

In this study, Ti-10Mo alloy powder and sintered bodies were successfully fabricated using a threestep process of acid/organic solvent cleaning, hydrogenation/dehydrogenation (HDH) of bulk Ti-Mo scrap, and pressureless vacuum sintering of the alloy powder. This process can be used to recycle valuable Ti alloy. And unlike remelting-based recycling processes, in which elements vaporize, this process maintains the original ratio of Ti and Mo and results in no loss of elements during HDH and sintering. We note, however, that the phases in the resulting Ti-Mo alloy were changed by HDH and the sintering processes, and as a result the phases of the alloy evolved differently than those of alloys prepared by the blending of Ti and Mo powders. XRD results of the processed sintered bodies revealed different pathways for the transformation of the crystal structure. As sintering temperature increased, the dominant phase changes in the crystal structure of the sintered bodies that used commercial powders were α' → α' + α'', while the phase changes for the recycled Ti-10Mo sintered bodies were α' + α'' → α'' + β. Although the density of the sintered body using commercial materials was generally higher at a lower sintering temperature than the density of the sintered body that used recycled powder, at 1673 K their respective densities were nearly identical. Moreover, the sintered body that contained scrap showed superior Vickers hardness after the dual phase (α + β) of Ti was reached, despite its relatively low density.
Mapping Attention Across Multiple Media Tasks
Authors: Fisher Jacob T. , Hopp Frederic R. , Weber René
Published: February 2022

Successful media processing requires that an individual attend to relevant information embedded among numerous competing stimuli. In communication research, this process is often referred to as resource allocation. Although the factors that drive individuals to allocate resources toward or away from a single message are relatively well characterized, there is a lack of understanding regarding how resource allocation proceeds in the presence of multiple media tasks. In four experiments, we show that resource allocation is contingent on features of the “primary task” but also on other available tasks. Furthermore, we show that “secondary” tasks elicit more attention when they are more rewarding, and that the attention-capturing influence of these tasks is magnified when the “primary” task is more effortful. These results provide support for recent theoretical advancements in communication research and point to promising future directions using models of motivated attention to predict resource allocation across multiple media tasks.
A New Degree of Freedom for Variable Axial Piston Pumps with Valve Plate Rotation
Authors: Heeger Thomas , Ericson Liselott
Published: February 2022

Conventionally, variable axial piston machines vary displacement by adjusting the length of the piston stroke, which can be done by adjusting the angle of the swash plate in swash plate machines or the angle of the cylinder block in bent axis machines. Another possibility to achieve variable displacement is to rotate the valve plate and thus adjust the effective use of the piston stroke. An advantage of this method is that it only requires small forces and is easier to control in comparison to conventional displacement adjustment.
This idea is not new, and the concept was studied decades ago, but unfortunately, cavitation and high pressure peaks in the bridge between the kidneys hindered a successful implementation of valve plate rotation.
Using a double pump with opposing pistons offers the potential to overcome these obstacles, as the displacement can be adjusted by joint rotation of both valve plates, and the effective bridge angles can be adjusted by relative rotation of the valve plates. This paper presents a methodology to optimise valve plate kidney angles for a double pump with rotating valve plates. Optimisation results for exemplary sets of operating points are presented. At high setting ratios, power losses and flow pulsations can be reduced. The risk of cavitation and high pressure peaks can be eliminated, but at the expense of cross-porting and increased losses at low setting ratios and high speeds.
Control Optimisation of a Pump-Controlled Hydraulic System using Digital Displacement Pumps
Authors: Larsson L. Viktor , Lejonberg Robert , Ericson Liselott
Published: February 2022

When dealing with electrification of working machines, energy-efficient operation is key to maximise the usage of the limited capacity of on-board batteries. Previous research indicate that plenty is gained by reducing component and system losses by means of design. In contrast, this paper focuses on how to maximise energy efficiency by means of control optimisation. Dynamic programming with backward-facing simulation is used to find the optimal electric motor speed trajectory for a scooptram machine equipped with pump control, using digital displacement pumps with dynamic flow sharing as enabling technology. The results show that low shaft speed is preferred to minimise drag losses from parasitic components, partly facilitated by the relatively high and operation point-independent efficiencies of the pumps and electric motor. The results indicate energy reduction of 5 - 9 %, where higher figures could be expected for other, more hydraulic-intense applications, such as excavators.
Improving the performance of self-contained cylinder drives with load-holding capabilities
Authors: Donkov Viktor , Ketelsen Søren , Andersen Torben , Ebbesen Morten Kjeld , Schmidt Lasse
Published: February 2022

A self-contained pump-driven cylinder drive system based on two electric motor and pump (TEMPO) units used for actuation of a two-link, medium-sized knuckle boom crane, is investigated. The TEMPO drive system is equipped with load holding valves and is a closed hydraulic system with a gasless self-pressurizing reservoir. Besides accommodating prescribed safety requirements, the load holding valves allow to reduce energy consumption during standstill. The transition between load holding and motion modes should be unnoticeable for the operator, hence the transition between these modes must be fast, a feature that has not been accomplished in previous attempts. An additional challenge with the system is a constant position error appearing during the locking process. By refining the hydraulic circuit and the control structure, these shortcomings are addressed. A simulation study with a realistic loading cycle is conducted in order to investigate the motion performance of the system. The simulation results demonstrate that the mentioned shortcomings are mitigated, suggesting a potential for future load carrying applications based on the proposed TEMPO drive.
A Study of Hydraulically Actuated Oscillating Pitch to Increase Energy Production in Wind Turbines
Authors: Escobar Daniel , Sampson John , Stelson Kim A.
Published: February 2022

The focus of this paper is to oscillate the pitch of the wind turbine blades using hydraulic actuation to increase the power captured by a hydrostatic wind turbine. This is based on the fact that oscillating an airfoil under specific conditions increases the instantaneous lift coefficient by up to 97%. Different conditions were investigated by varying airfoil shape, waveform shape, waveform amplitude, waveform frequency and average angle of attack. The following conditions were found to give the best performance: a low camber airfoil, a lower average angle of attack than used for a non-oscillating airfoil, and an optimized waveform shape called a “tilted sinusoid.” A multi-level factorial experiment determined the most impactful variables were frequency, amplitude, and average angle of the tilted sinusoid. The best frequencies and amplitudes were studied through numerical simulations and hill climbing optimization. Results showed that oscillating the pitch of the wind turbine blades would, under all conditions tested, never outperform steady-state turbine operation, the main reason being the higher drag coefficients that are also present when oscillating the pitch of the blade.
Hydraulic Trainer for Hands-on and Virtual Labs for Fluid Power Curriculum
Authors: Assaf Hassan , Vacca Andrea
Published: February 2022

Hands-on experiences constitute a high value, perhaps unreplaceable, element of applied engineering disciplines such as fluid power. Hydraulic and pneumatic trainers have been developed over the years to expose students to applications of fluid power technology. However, the traditional approach for educating students through hands-on lab is recently under high pressure due to the following aspects: a) the outdated design of the traditional trainers that seldom integrate modern electro-hydraulic components, data acquisition systems, and visual aids; b) the increased need for online education. These factors have been endangering the number of students – already low compared to the industry needs – enrolled in fluid power programs.
This paper describes the effort made at Purdue University to develop a modern hydraulic trainer along with its digital twin that tackles the above challenges. A novel physical trainer was formulated to allow 29 lab experiences that span from basic concepts of single actuator control to more sophisticated layouts for controlling multiple actuators. The trainer largely uses electro-hydraulic components, sensors as well as a DAQ system connected with a touch base screen, aimed at maximizing the student’s feeling of experiencing modern technology. A virtual trainer that replicates the physical trainer is developed and implemented with the commercial software Unity 3D. The virtual trainer uses the CAD drawings of the physical components of the actual trainer, and it allows reproducing all the main aspects of the real lab experience, including typical students’ mistakes and realistic operating noise. This trainer simulator was successfully used for the first time at Purdue in Fall 2020, and it will represent a valid option for virtual hands-on experiences for distance learning students for years to come.
Læring på tvers: Hvordan kan yrkesfag- læreren legge til rette for boundary learning for elever i arbeidslivspraksis?
Authors: Johannesen Hedvig Skonhoft , Kverneggen Kari-Anne , Øgård Monika
Published: February 2022

A well-known challenge in vocational education and training (VET) programmes is the lack of coherence between school-based and workplace learning. The Norwegian VET model consists of two years of upper secondary education followed by two years of apprenticeship at work. This small-scale study of vocational teacher’s vocational didactics aims to investigate boundary learning at the VET Programme for Sales and Service at the Norwegian upper secondary level. The research question explored is: How can vocational teachers improve boundary learning for students in work-based placements in the subject vocational in-depth study (YFF)? The methodological approach is qualitative interviews with vocational teachers and the systematic developmental work of vocational didactics by vocational teachers at one school. Our study focuses on boundary learning using the theoretical approach from Akkerman and Bakker (2011a). The findings show how vocational teachers develop and use boundary objects such as systematic reflection and subject based assignments to connect work-based learning from YFF to school-based learning. Further, a systematic development of vocational didactics is possible with a new proposed model of vocational didactics for boundary learning. The conclusion discusses how a developmental approach in the vocational teacher group combined with theore-tical concepts could enhance the students workplace and boundary learning.
Process Engineering of Biopharmaceutical Production in Moss Bioreactors via Model-Based Description and Evaluation of Phytohormone Impact
Authors: Ruiz-Molina Natalia , Parsons Juliana , Schroeder Sina , Posten Clemens , Reski Ralf , Decker Eva L.
Published: February 2022

The moss Physcomitrella is an interesting production host for recombinant biopharmaceuticals. Here we produced MFHR1, a synthetic complement regulator which has been proposed for the treatment of diseases associated to the complement system as part of human innate immunity. We studied the impact of different operation modes for the production process in 5 L stirred-tank photobioreactors. The total amount of recombinant protein was doubled by using fed-batch or batch compared to semi-continuous operation, although the maximum specific productivity (mg MFHR1/g FW) increased just by 35%. We proposed an unstructured kinetic model which fits accurately with the experimental data in batch and semi-continuous operation under autotrophic conditions with 2% CO2enrichment. The model is able to predict recombinant protein production, nitrate uptake and biomass growth, which is useful for process control and optimization. We investigated strategies to further increase MFHR1 production. While mixotrophic and heterotrophic conditions decreased the MFHR1-specific productivity compared to autotrophic conditions, addition of the phytohormone auxin (NAA, 10 µM) to the medium enhanced it by 470% in shaken flasks and up to 230% and 260%, in batch and fed-batch bioreactors, respectively. Supporting this finding, the auxin-synthesis inhibitor L-kynurenine (100 µM) decreased MFHR1 production significantly by 110% and 580% at day 7 and 18, respectively. Expression analysis revealed that the MFHR1 transgene, driven by the Physcomitrellaactin5(PpAct5) promoter, was upregulated 16 h after NAA addition and remained enhanced over the whole process, whereas the auxin-responsive genePpIAA1Awas upregulated within the first 2 hours, indicating that the effect of auxin onPpAct5promoter-driven expression is indirect. Furthermore, the day of NAA supplementation was crucial, leading to an up to 8-fold increase of MFHR1-specific productivity (0.82 mg MFHR1/g fresh weight, 150 mg accumulated over 7 days) compared to the productivity reported previously. Our findings are likely to be applicable to other plant-based expression systems to increase biopharmaceutical production and yields.
Dacarbazine-Loaded Targeted Polymeric Nanoparticles for Enhancing Malignant Melanoma Therapy
Authors: Xiong Wei , Guo Zhengdong , Zeng Baoyan , Wang Teng , Zeng Xiaowei , Cao Wei , Lian Daizheng
Published: February 2022

Dacarbazine (DTIC) dominates chemotherapy for malignant melanoma (MM). However, the hydrophobicity, photosensitivity, instability, and toxicity to normal cells of DTIC limit its efficacy in treating MM. In the present study, we constructed star-shaped block polymers nanoparticles (NPs) based on Cholic acid -poly (lactide-co-glycolide)-b-polyethylene glycol (CA-PLGA-b-PEG) for DTIC encapsulation and MM targeted therapy. DTIC-loaded CA-PLGA-b-PEG NPs (DTIC-NPs) were employed to increase the drug loading and achieve control release of DTIC, followed by further modification with nucleic acid aptamer AS1411 (DTIC-NPs-Apt), which played an important role for active targeted therapy of MM. In vitro, DTIC-NPs-Apt showed good pH-responsive release and the strongest cytotoxicity to A875 cells compared with DTIC-NPs and free DTIC. In vivo results demonstrated that the versatile DTIC-NPs-Apt can actively target the site of MM and exhibited excellent anti-tumor effects with no obvious side effects. Overall, this research provided multi-functional NPs, which endow a new option for the treatment of MM.
Galectin-9 Mediates the Therapeutic Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Experimental Endotoxemia
Authors: Zhao Yiming , Yu Dingding , Wang Hongda , Jin Wang , Li Xiang , Hu Yonghao , Qin Yafei , Kong Dejun , Li Guangming , Ellen Acheampong , Wang Hao
Published: February 2022

Endotoxemia remains a major cause of mortality in the intensive care unit, but the therapeutic strategy is still lacking. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) was reported with a tissue-oriented differentiation ability and an excellent immunoregulatory capacity. However, the immunity signaling pathways that govern MSC modulation effect are not completely understood. In our current study, MSCs (2.5 × 105 /ml) were obtained and stimulated with IFN-γ (20 ng/ml) for 72 h. Gal-9 expression on MSCs was measured by ELISA, RT-PCR, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence, respectively. Experimental endotoxemia was induced by LPS injection (10 mg/kg, i. p.) followed by the treatment with Gal-9 high-expressing MSCs, unmodified MSCs, and Gal-9 blocking MSCs. Therapeutic effects of MSCs were assessed by monitoring murine sepsis score, survival rate, splenocyte proportion rate, inflammatory mediator levels, and pathological manifestations. The results showed that Gal-9 expressed in MSCs, and this expression was increased in a dose-dependent manner after pre-stimulating with IFN-γ. Adoptive transfer of Gal-9 high-expressing MSCs into modeling mice significantly alleviated endotoxemia symptoms and multi-organ pathological damages. Splenocyte analysis indicated that Gal-9 high-expressing MSCs could promote macrophage polarization to M2-subtype and boost Treg generation. Moreover, there were also attenuated pro-inflammatory mediator expressions (TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and iNOS), and increased anti-inflammatory mediator expressions (T-SOD and IL-35) in the sera and damaged organ homogenates. Additionally, we found a higher expression of Gal-9 in liver, lung, and kidney homogenate. Taken together, this study reveals that the optimized immunoregulatory effect of MSCs is strongly correlated with Gal-9 high expression, which provides a novel idea for the investigation of MSC immunomodulatory mechanisms and offers a potential strategy for the treatment of endotoxemia in clinical settings.
Calcium Homeostasis in the Epididymal Microenvironment: Is Extracellular Calcium a Cofactor for Matrix Gla Protein-Dependent Scavenging Regulated by Vitamins
Authors: Shum Winnie , Zhang Bao Li , Cao Albert Shang , Zhou Xin , Shi Su Meng , Zhang Ze Yang , Gu Lou Yi , Shi Shuo
Published: February 2022

In the male reproductive tract, the epididymis is an essential organ for sperm maturation, in which sperm cells acquire mobility and the ability to fertilize oocytes while being stored in a protective microenvironment. Epididymal function involves a specialized luminal microenvironment established by the epithelial cells of epididymal mucosa. Low-calcium concentration is a unique feature of this epididymal luminal microenvironment, its relevance and regulation are, however, incompletely understood. In the rat epididymis, the vitamin D-related calcium-dependent TRPV6-TMEM16A channel-coupler has been shown to be involved in fluid transport, and, in a spatially complementary manner, vitamin K2-related γ-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX)-dependent carboxylation of matrix Gla protein (MGP) plays an essential role in promoting calcium-dependent protein aggregation. An SNP in the humanGGCXgene has been associated with asthenozoospermia. In addition, bioinformatic analysis also suggests the involvement of a vitamin B6-axis in calcium-dependent MGP-mediated protein aggregation. These findings suggest that vitamins interact with calcium homeostasis in the epididymis to ensure proper sperm maturation and male fertility. This review article discusses the regulation mechanisms of calcium homeostasis in the epididymis, and the potential role of vitamin interactions on epididymal calcium homeostasis, especially the role of matrix calcium in the epididymal lumen as a cofactor for the carboxylated MGP-mediated scavenging function.
Integrated Chromatin Accessibility and Transcriptome Landscapes of 5-Fluorouracil-Resistant Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhang Bishu , Lin Jiewei , Zhang Jiaqiang , Wang Xuelong , Deng Xiaxing
Published: February 2022

Background: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the most effective and widely used chemotherapeutic drugs in the treatment of colon cancer, yet chemoresistance is a common feature of colon cancer treatment, resulting in poor prognosis and short survival. Dynamic reprogramming of chromatin accessibility is crucial for proper regulation of gene transcription associated with cancer drug resistance by providing the gene regulatory machinery with rapid access to the open genomic DNA.

Methods: Here, we explored the global chromatin accessibility and transcription changes by the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) in combination with transcriptome sequencing of both parental and 5-FU-resistant HCT15 cells, followed by integrative analysis to better understand the regulatory network underlying 5-FU resistance in colon cancer cells.

Results: A total of 3,175 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs), lncRNAs (DELs), and miRNAs (DEMs) related to 5-FU resistance were identified, including significantly upregulated IL33, H19, and miR-17-5p; the downregulated AKR1B10, LINC01012, and miR-125b-5p; and chromatin modifiers such as INO80C, HDAC6, and KDM5A. The construction of the ceRNA regulatory network revealed that H19, HOXA11-AS, and NEAT1 might function as ceRNAs associated with 5-FU resistance in HCT15 cells. Moreover, 9,868 differentially accessible regions (DARs) were obtained, which were positively (r = 0.58) correlated with their nearest DEGs and DELs. The upregulated genes related to 4,937 hyper-accessible regions were significantly enriched in signaling pathways of MAPK, FOX, and WNT, while the 4,931 hypo-accessible regions were considered to be involved in declined biosynthesis of amino acids and nucleotide sugars, signaling pathways of Notch, and HIF-1. Analyses of the DAR sequences revealed that besides the AP-1 family, the TF motifs of FOX and KLF family members were highly enriched in hyper- and hypo-accessible regions, respectively. Finally, we obtained several critical TFs and their potential targets associated with DARs and 5-FU resistance, including FOXA1 and KLF3.

Conclusion: These data provided clear insights and valuable resources for an improved understanding of the non-genetic landscape of 5-FU-resistant colon cancer cells based on chromatin accessibility and transcript levels, which allowed for genome-wide detection of TF binding sites, potential cis-regulatory elements and therapeutic targets.
A DFT Mechanistic Study on Base-Catalyzed Cleavage of the β-O-4 Ether Linkage in Lignin: Implications for Selective Lignin Depolymerization
Authors: Mensah Mary , Tia Richard , Adei Evans , de Leeuw Nora H.
Published: February 2022

The detailed mechanism of the base-catalyzed C-C and C-O bond cleavage of a model compound representing the β-O-4 linkage in lignin is elucidated using DFT calculations at the M06/6-31G* level of theory. Two types of this linkage have been studied, a C2 type which contains no γ-carbinol group and a C3 type which contains a γ-carbinol. Cleavage of the C2 substrate is seen to proceed via a 6-membered transition structure involving the cation of the base, the hydroxide ion and the α-carbon adjacent to the ether bond. The reaction with KOH has the lowest activation barrier of 6.1 kcal mol−1 with a calculated rate constant of 2.1 × 108 s−1. Cleavage of the C3 substrate is found to proceed via two pathways: an enol-formation pathway and an epoxide-formation pathway. The first path is the thermodynamically favored pathway which is similar to the pathway for the C2 substrate and is the preferred pathway for the isolation of an enol-containing monomer. The second path is the kinetically favored pathway, which proceeds via an 8-membered transition state involving a hydrogen hopping event, and is the preferred pathway for the isolation of an epoxide-containing monomer. The KOH-catalyzed reaction also has the lowest activation barrier of 10.1 kcal mol−1 along the first path and 3.9 kcal mol−1 along the second path, with calculated rate constants of 2.4 × 105s−1 and 8.6 × 109s−1 respectively. Overall, the results provide clarity on the mechanism for the base-catalyzed depolymerization of lignin to phenolic monomers. The results also suggest both NaOH and KOH to be the preferred catalysts for the cleavage of the β-O-4 linkage in lignin.
Alterations in Gut Microbiota Are Correlated With Serum Metabolites in Patients With Insomnia Disorder
Authors: Zhou Jing , Wu Xiaoling , Li Zhonglin , Zou Zhi , Dou Shewei , Li Gang , Yan Fengshan , Chen Bairu , Li Yongli
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to investigate insomnia-related alterations in gut microbiota and their association with serum metabolites. A total of 24 patients with insomnia disorder and 22 healthy controls were recruited. The fecal and serum samples were collected. The 16s rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were conducted to explore insomnia-related changes in the diversity, structure, and composition of the gut microbiota. UPLC-MS was performed to identify insomnia-related serum metabolites. Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlations between insomnia-related gut bacteria and the serum metabolites. Despite the nonsignificant changes in the diversity and structure of gut microbiota, insomnia disorder patients had significantly decreased family Bacteroidaceae, family Ruminococcaceae, and genus Bacteroides, along with significantly increased family Prevotellaceae and genus Prevotella, compared with healthy controls. Genus Gemmiger and genus Fusicatenibacter were dominant in patients with insomnia disorder, whereas genus Coprococcus, genus Oscillibacter, genus Clostridium XI, and family Peptostreptococcaceae were dominant in healthy controls. The UPLC-MS analysis identified 97 significantly decreased metabolites and 74 significantly increased metabolites in the serum samples of patients with insomnia disorder, compared with those of healthy controls. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed 1 significantly upregulated metabolic pathway and 16 downregulated metabolic pathways in patients with insomnia disorder. Furthermore, Spearman correlation analysis unveiled significant correlations among the altered bacteria genus and serum metabolites. Patients with insomnia disorder have differential gut microbiota and serum metabolic profiles compared with healthy controls. The alterations in gut microbiota were correlated with specific serum metabolites, suggesting that some serum metabolites might mediate gut microbiota-brain communication in the pathogenesis of insomnia disorder.