bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does the laterality of breast cancer affect disease outcomes on bone scan?
Authors: Onimode YA , Adenipekun AA
Published: May 2020

Background: The incidence of breast cancer (BC) continues to rise, with the latest record being 2.08 million globally. It also remains the most common female malignancy worldwide. Increasing awareness and screening have been suggested as contributory factors.
Objective: To determine the relationship between disease laterality in breast cancer and disease outcome in terms of bone metastasis.
Methods: The study is a hospital-based six-year retrospective review of all breast cancer patients who had bone scans done between 2011 and 2016.
Results: A total of 992 bone scans (BS) were analysed for 500 (50.4%) patients with left-sided breast cancer and 492 (49.6%) with right-sided breast cancer. While 638 bone scans were abnormal, 354 were benign and 242 (24.39%) were equivocal. There was no association between primary tumour laterality and BS outcome (p = 0.544). Furthermore, Chi-Square for trend assessed the association between patients’ age and BC laterality but yielded no significance (p = 0.67).
Conclusion: The laterality of breast cancer did not affect the stage of breast cancer as shown by bone scan outcomes in this study.
Identifying childhood diarrhoea training needs of Nigerian frontline health care workers
Authors: Sadoh AE , Okoro C , Mbarie I
Published: May 2020

Background: Health education and case management are important in the reduction of morbidity and mortality resulting from childhood diarrhoea.
Objective: To identify the training needs of health care workers as a measure of their empowerment to fulfil their roles in the control of childhood diarrhoea.
Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study utilized a self-administered pre-tested questionnaire to obtain demographic information, knowledge about diarrhoea, features of dehydration, management, and prevention of diarrhoea from 165 health care workers drawn from the 18 local government areas of Edo state.
Results: Only 24 (14.5%) of health care workers could correctly define diarrhoea. Majority of respondents could identify features of dehydration: thirst 161 (97%), loss of skin turgor 149 (90.3%) and irritability 142 (86.1%) but 93 (56.4%) and 52 (31.5%) did not know that unconsciousness and passage of small volume/no urine respectively were features of dehydration. Only 15 (9.1%) could correctly constitute Salt Sugar Solution (SSS). Up to 42.2% of health workers use antibiotics regularly to manage childhood diarrhoea while another 48.8% considered the use of antibiotics during the diarrhoeal episode a preventive strategy.
Conclusion: Frontline health care workers need periodic training and retraining with consistent supportive supervision to ensure that children with diarrhoea are appropriately evaluated and managed.
Socio-medical burden of managing a Nigerian child with 46XY male disorder of sex differentiation: A Case Report
Authors: Oba-Daini OO , Fetuga MB , Ogundele IO , Nwokoro CC , Olatunji AA , Ogunfowora OB
Published: May 2020

Phenotypic expression of the male internal and external genitalia is due largely to the interplay between the proper differentiation of the bipotential gonad, the production of testosterone from the Leydig cells and the response of the undifferentiated external genitalia to Dihydrotestosterone. When any of the pathways involved in the mechanisms described above are distorted, it results in the 46 XY Disorder of Sex Differentiation (DSD).
The incidence of 46 XY DSD ranges from 20 to 41% among the cases of Disorder of Sex Differentiation (DSD) in Nigeria, though there is a paucity of data on this condition. This report describes an under-virilized genetically male child who presented with ambiguous genitalia in the neonatal period and was subsequently diagnosed as SRY positive 46 XY DSD with reduced testosterone synthesis. This report is necessitated by the need to create awareness and highlight the relevant medico-social challenges in the management of DSD in a resource-poor setting.
Másfél évszázad rendszerváltozásainak hatása Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg megye társadalmára (1.)
Authors: Láczay Magdolna Éva
Published: May 2020

Tanulmányomban az elmúlt másfél évszázadot egy komplex rendszerváltási- és változási folyamatként értelmezem az alábbi összefüggések, kölcsönhatások miatt. A táj átalakulása után a földhasználat és a gazdaság szerkezete többször megváltozott. Majd a Trianoni Szerződés országhatárai etnikai, politikai, igazgatási, kulturális változásokat eredményezett. A legutóbbi, 1989-es, az életünk miden részére kiterjedő rendszerváltás óta kulcskérdés, hogy az itt élők társadalmi mobilizációja hogyan történik, érvényesülnek-e a lokális hagyományok, hogyan befolyásolja az itt élőket, hogy itt van az országnak és az Európai Uniónak is a határa. Az itt élők társadalmi mobilizációját mi veszélyezteti, érvényesülnek-e a lokális hagyományok, milyen hatásai vannak a határmentiségnek? A térségünk perifériális helyzete a leszakadás veszélyével fenyeget, amit jelentősen súlyosbít az etnikai viszonyok, a szociális helyzet romlása, az oktatási intézményrendszer fokozatos leépülése, továbbá a kistelepüléseken az önkormányzatiság megroppanása. Az a paradox helyzet alakult ki, hogy minden rendszerváltás, rendszerváltozás ellenére az itt élők sorsa csak relatíve lett jobb, továbbra is az ország legveszélyeztetettebb helyzetű térségei közé tartozik.
Reunderstanding Pemahaman Dasar Teologis Sikap Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga (Telaah Isu Feminisme Hadits Laknat Allah terhadap Istri)
Authors: Zein Fuad Muhammad , Falach Ghulam
Published: May 2020

The problem of gender equality in Islam often uses theological grounds to include the hadith proposition as a tool of legitimacy. Especially in the case of the household, the argument of curse in the relationship of husband and wife is used as the basis for accusations of obtaining domestic violence by the husband to the wife. As if Islam would allow a husband to wife's violence if they were not willing to serve their sexual desires. This paper aims to answer these assumptions by analyzing the argument of the curse by using the method of critical criticism from the perspective of language or can also be called the bayani method, namely the method of analyzing the meaning of meaning in the argument of fiqh law. The result is that there is an error in understanding the meaning of the hadith caused by a weakness in understanding the meaning in Arabic which is the language of the hadith. Therefore, finally bring conclusions that are less proportional in understanding the propositions and facts. The hadith is a guide for all Muslims and there is no need for doubt in the study of hadith. The development of the modern era certainly has its own influence, especially in the scientific field of hadith. As Muslims of course we are all required to be able to fight in all fields, especially in the field of hadith science. The theoretical uptake and applied form of the Fatima Mernissi methodology of thought have created an important issue to study. His action in terms of knowledge has given rise to new problems for the hadith scientists in the field of feminism. This research aims to examine how the forms of hadiths are based on Fatima Mernissi's ideas and thoughts. The problem of misogynist traditions is a form of contemporary research that must be discussed, especially regarding the reconstruction of understanding of misogynistic traditions. Few things are important in the study of misogynistic traditions, where the existence of this hadith has created problems for making new facts in the world of feminism. The new fact is nothing but the formation of new weapons in terminating the acceptance or rejection of the hadith. Furthermore, the discussion of this research will be accompanied by the tarjih method in order to arrive at the correct conclusions. Whether the misogynistic hadiths are hadiths that show that Islam discriminates against women or not. The purpose of this study is none other than a study for proving that misogynistic hadiths are not an expression of the hadith denied by Fatima Mernissi to the Muslims' grip which is expressed in the Qur'an and al-Hadith.
LARANGAN PERKAWINAN DALAM UUP NO 1 TAHUN 1974 DAN KHI PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Nastangin Nastangin
Published: May 2020

Rules for marriage restrictions are regulated in the Number Marriage Act. 1 of 1974 from Article 8-10 and also regulated in the Compilation of Islamic Law in Article 39, namely the prohibition forever and Article 40-44, namely a temporary ban. The broad outline, the contents of the rules on the marriage restrictions are same, namely the prohibition of marriage with idolaters, marrying a woman who is still in the iddah period, marrying a stepmother, due to blood relations, intercession, stepchildren who are adherent with their mother, collecting two woman (muhrim). The purpose of this paper is to find out about the nature of the rules of marriage prohibition using the Philosophy approach of Islamic Law by explaining the nature and wisdom of its formal object. The conclusion of this paper is that there are rules for marriage restrictions to provide benefits to the community and someone who wants to get married because of the existence of these rules that not everyone can be married. This research is library research (Library Research) by analyzing various sources of laws relating to the prohibition of marriage. This research is also qualitative research. According to Satori, qualitative research is descriptive because it describes an object, phenomenon, or social setting that is translated into a narrative text. In line with the opinions of Surjono and Abdurahman, Dyah Ochtorina Susanti and A’an Efendi assert that doctrinal law research is systematic research on the rule of law regulate in certain areas of law, analyzing the relationship between one rule and another, explaining the difficult parts to be understood from a certain rule of law, it may even include predictions of the development of a certain rule of law in the future.
Аналоги соматостатина для лечения нейроэндокринных опухолей. Лекарственные формы и пути введения (обзор)
Authors: Шпрах З.
Published: May 2020

В обзоре обобщена информация о лекарственных средствах — аналогах соматостатина, которые включены в алгоритм лечения нейроэндокринных опухолей. Необходимость длительного применения аналогов соматостатина требует разработки лекарственных форм, обеспечивающих контролируемое высвобождение активного вещества в течение значительного периода времени. Немаловажным является удобство применения препаратов пациентами и медицинским персоналом. Предпринята попытка анализа современных лекарственных форм аналогов соматостатина, обладающих улучшенными фармакокинетическими и терапевтическими характеристиками, представленных на фармацевтическом рынке.
Ben Oyum: Tayfun Pirselimoğlu Sinemasında Arzu Üçgeni
Authors: KÖRÜK Türker
Published: May 2020

René Girard’ın, bir edebiyat eserinin “romansal” bir düzlemde tanımlanabilmesi için öne sürdüğü arzu üçgeni kavramı, bir edebiyat eserinin hakikatinin eserdeki karakterlerin duydukları arzunun temelinde yattığını öne sürer. Bu arzuyu, Hegel’in mutsuz bilinç kavramı ve Sartre’ın bozuk inanç kavramıyla eklemleyen Girard, mimetik bir arzunun rol oynadığı ve başkasının arzusunu arzulamak olarak nitelediği, nesneyle özne (arzulayanla-arzulanan) arasına ikinci bir özne (arzulatan) yerleştirdiği esnek bir üçgen figürü ile tanımlar. Girard’a göre, özneyle nesne arasına yerleştirilen ve “dolayımlayıcı” adını alan bu ikinci özne, esas öznenin arzusunun temel kaynağı olup, bir edebiyat eserini romantik bir arzu yalanından kurtaran sahiciliği de içinde taşır.
Bu metin, Tayfun Pirselimoğlu filmlerinde Girardçı arzunun açığa çıkarılmasını irdeleme amacı taşımaktadır. Yapacağımız tanımlarla, genel yapısı itibariyle bir kimlik değişimi, bir başkası olma durumu olarak niteleyeceğimiz ve inceleyeceğimiz Tayfun Pirselimoğlu Sineması’nın, Girard’ın Cervantes’ten Proust’a kadar önemli yazarlarda izini sürdüğü arzunun açığa çıkarılmasına koşut bir yaklaşımla ele alınabileceğini ve yönetmenin filmlerindeki karakterlerin arzularının bir “dolayımlayıcı” ile oluş(turul)up, bir “dolayımlayıcı” ile dönüşüme uğra(tıl)dığını öne süreceğiz.
PERANGKAT LUNAK (SOFTWARE)
Authors: Siregar Ika Milia wahyunu
Published: May 2020

Perangkat lunak adalah sekumpulan data elektronik yang tersimpan dan dikendalikan oleh perangkat komputer. Data elektronik tersebut meliputi instruksi atau program yang nantinya akan menjalankan perintah khusus. Perangkat lunak juga disebut sebagai bagian sistem dalam komputer yang tidak memiliki wujud fisik yang diinstal dalam sebuah komputer atau laptop agar bisa dioperasikan.
Perangkat lunak komputer
Authors: nurulafifahhadi@gmail.com
Published: May 2020

Komputer tidak akan pernah terlepas dari perangkat lunak karena merupakan salah satu bagiang utama dari komputer itu sendiri. Komputer merupakan sistem elektronik yang fungsinya memonipulasi data yang cepat dan tepat juga akurat yang telah dirancang dan diorganisasikan melanjutkan secara otomatis menerima atau menyimpan data memasukkan dan masukan, kemudian diperosesnya dan menghasilkan keluran di bawah persiapan suatu langkah-langkah, instruksiinstruksi program yang disimpan dimemori program. Agar melakukan tugasnya itu maka diperlukanlah perangkat lunak. Perangkat lunak disebut juga sebagai penerjemah perintah-perintah yang dijalankan pengguna komputer untuk diteruskan atau diperoses oleh perangkat keras.
Supervisi Pendidikan
Authors: Gusmar Ratih Aulia
Published: May 2020

Education is different from teaching, education is a process of maturity carried out by an educator to students by providing positive stimulus that includes cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. While teaching only includes cognitive, it means teaching is a process of transferring knowledge without forming the attitudes and creativity of students. Therefore, education must be supervised or supervised by a supervisor who can be called the principal and other supervisors in the education department. Supervision here is supervision that aims to improve the performance of educators and other school staff by providing good directions and guidance as well as input on ways or methods of educating that are good and professional. In its development, educational supervision has a good influence on the development of education in Indonesia so that educators have the ability to educate creative, active, effective and innovative. And with the existence of educational supervision courses in institutions engaged in education will further support students to know how to supervise or supervise good education.
Green Chemistry: The Economic Impact Perspective
Authors: Adam Dini Hariyati , Elvina  , Hasibuan Mila Nirmala Sari , Syahputra Rizki , PASARIBU LAILI HABIBAH , SURIYANI
Published: May 2020

Green chemistry is known as a study that aims to reduce or eliminate the adverse effects of the use of hazardous chemicals that can damagethe environment and health. Environmental damage and poor health as caused by hazardous chemicals will affect the issuance of costs. This present study aims to discuss green chemistry and its impact on the economy through a literature review. This study is a review article that explains the conceptof green chemistry and its impact on the economy. Based on the results of the study showed that the implementation of green chemistry will reduce thecost of recovery, prevention, and also reduce health costs. It is recommended that the firms in conducting manufacturing activities adopt green chemistryin their manufacturing activities
Perangkat Lunak Komputer
Authors: nurulafifahhadi@gmail.com
Published: May 2020

Komputer tidak akan pernah terlepas dari perangkat lunak karena merupakan salah satu bagiang utama dari komputer itu sendiri. Komputer merupakan sistem elektronik yang fungsinya memonipulasi data yang cepat dan tepat juga akurat yang telah dirancang dan diorganisasikan melanjutkan secara otomatis menerima atau menyimpan data memasukkan dan masukan, kemudian diperosesnya dan menghasilkan keluran di bawah persiapan suatu langkah-langkah, instruksiinstruksi program yang disimpan dimemori program. Agar melakukan tugasnya itu maka diperlukanlah perangkat lunak. Perangkat lunak disebut juga sebagai penerjemah perintah-perintah yang dijalankan pengguna komputer untuk diteruskan atau diperoses oleh perangkat keras.
perangkat lunak komputer
Authors: mariani salsabila
Published: May 2020

komputer merupakan perangkat yang digunakan untuk melakukan perhitungan data yang terdiri dari memasukkan data (input), mengolah data (process), dan menghasilkan informasi (output), menggunakan hardware dan software tertentu.
Perangkat Lunak Komputer
Authors: parnesia Putri
Published: May 2020

AbstrakPerangkat lunak komputer atau software merupakan salah satu bagian dari komputer.Software dapat berfungsi dengan adanya hardware begitu juga hardware, dapat berfungsi jika ada software. Softwaretidak akan dapat digunakan tanpa kita beri perintah dengan suatu kode atau bahasa pemrograman tertentu, atau yang sering disebut sebagai Software Komputer.berfungsi sebagai penerjemah suatu perintah software lainnya ke dalam bahasa mesin, sehingga dapat dimengerti oleh hardware.
Makalah Narkoba dan Cara pencegahannya
Authors: Salsabila Annisa
Published: May 2020

DeskripsiNarkoba adalah singkatan dari narkotika, psikotropika, dan obat terlarang. Selain "narkoba", istilah lain yang diperkenalkan khususnya oleh Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia adalah Napza yang merupakan singkatan dari narkotika, psikotropika, dan zat adiktif.
Perangkat Lunak pada Komputer
Authors: parnesia Putri
Published: May 2020

Perangkat lunak komputer atau software merupakan salah satu bagian dari komputer.Software dapat berfungsi dengan adanya hardware begitu juga hardware, dapat berfungsi jika ada software. Software tidak akan dapat digunakan tanpa kita beri perintah dengan suatu kode atau bahasa pemrograman tertentu, atau yang sering disebut sebagai Software Komputer berfungsi sebagai penerjemah suatu perintah software lainnya ke dalam bahasa mesin, sehingga dapat dimengerti oleh hardware.
Penerapan Pembelajaran Kimia Berbasis Lingkungan Melalui Model Project Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Sikap Peduli Lingkungan Mahasiswa
Authors: Perkasa Magfirah
Published: May 2020

Kimia merupakan ilmu alam, mempelajari tentang sifat dan karakteristik zat-zat serta unsur yang hampir banyak ditemui di alam. Sebagian besar kerusakan di alam yang juga menjadi masalah global saat ini disebabkan oleh zat-zat dan limbah kimia dari pengelolaan yang tidak benar. Beberapa isu global yang disebabkan oleh zat dan limbah kimia, diantaranya: penumpukan sampah, global warming, acid rain, pelubangan ozon, dan masalah lainnya. Masalah tersebut butuh penyelesaian secara berkesinambungan karena tidak dapat diselesaikan secara instan. Pembelajaran menggunakan model project based learning diharapkan dapat menjadi wadah implementasi untuk menerapkan pembelajaran kimia berbasis lingkungan sehingga dapat meningkatkan sikap peduli lingkungan mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan sikap peduli lingkungan mahasiswa melalui penerapan pembelajaran berbasis lingkungan dengan menggunakan model project based learning. Instrumen pengumpulan data meliputi lembar observasi dan lembar penilaian diri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran kimia berbasis lingkungan melalui model project based learning dapat meningkatakan sikap peduli lingkungan mahasiswa
Fermat's last theorem proved by induction
Authors: Penchev Vasil Dinev
Published: May 2020

A proof of Fermat’s last theorem is demonstrated. It is very brief, simple, elementary, and absolutely arithmetical. The necessary premises for the proof are only: the property of identity of the relation of equality, modus tollens, axiom of induction, the proof of Fermat’s last theorem in the case of “n = 3” as well as the premises necessary for the formulation of the theorem itself. It involves a modification of Fermat’s approach of infinite descent. The infinite descent is linked to induction starting from “n = 3” by modus tollens. An inductive series of modus tollens is constructed. The proof of the series by induction is equivalent to Fermat’s last theorem. As far as Fermat had been proved the theorem for “n = 4”, one can suggest that the proof at least for “n ≥ 4” had been accessible to him.
Derivation and development of the MacroPics food picture set
Authors: Fromm Sophie Pauline , Perszyk Emily E , Kanyamibwa Arsene , Wall Kathryn M , Hutelin Zach , Trinh Jessica , Green Barry , Flack Kyle D. , DiFeliceantonio Alexandra , Small Dana
Published: May 2020

Recent research suggests that the macronutrient composition of foods can influence reinforcement independent of energy density. To further investigate this phenomenon, we developed “MacroPics,” a food picture set depicting processed American snack foods in which items contain: (1) predominantly carbohydrate, (2) predominantly fat, or (3) roughly equal proportions of carbohydrate and fat. We first photographed 60, 120-kcal portions of snack foods falling into one of the three macronutrient categories and asked 61 individuals to rate the images for liking, familiarity, frequency of consumption, healthiness, estimated energy content (in kcal) and expected satiation. A 36-item subset was then selected in an iterative process to minimize differences between the macronutrient categories on these ratings while simultaneously ensuring similar variability within category on a number of food characteristics (e.g., energy density, portion size, retail price) and visual properties (e.g., color and complexity). Item and macronutrient category characteristics of the final MacroPics set are reported.
Psychopathic Traits, Inhibition, and Positive and Negative Emotion: Results from an Emotional Go/No-Go Task
Authors: Fournier Lauren Frances , McDonald Julia Blayne , Clayson Peter E , Verona Edelyn
Published: May 2020

Difficulty stopping unwanted or inappropriate actions (i.e., inhibitory control) is implicated in antisocial behaviors, which are common in people high in psychopathic traits. Recent research indicates that, for those with antisocial personality, inhibitory control is impaired under negative emotional contexts; however, it is unclear whether this impairment extends to persons with psychopathic traits and to impairments under positive emotional contexts. Identifying some of these distinctions can point to therapeutics that target negative emotion specifically or emotion dysregulation broadly. We sought to identify unique relationships between distinct facets of psychopathy and inhibitory control in the context of positive, negative, and neutral stimuli. Using a community sample (N=117), event-related potentials were recorded during an emotional-linguistic Go/No-Go task. Results indicated distinct cognition-emotion relationships for each psychopathy facet. Higher interpersonal facet scores related to reciprocal interference between cognition and emotion. Higher callous affect facet scores related to reduced inhibitory and emotional processing, except when stimuli were most engaging (emotional No-Go trials). Higher erratic lifestyle facet scores related to increased effort required to process both emotion and inhibition cues. Finally, higher antisocial facet scores related to poorer behavioral inhibition overall. This research challenges theoretical accounts of psychopathy focused on specific deficits in negative emotion, such as fearlessness, while offering some support for theories related to attentional dysfunction. Results also highlight the importance of facet-level theorizing, as results varied by facet. This study may inform efforts to reduce disinhibited behaviors, particularly in emotional contexts, among those high in certain psychopathic traits.
Mental illness evaluation and referrals in medical care
Authors: Peros Olivia , Ward-Ciesielski Erin , Sullivan Daniel , Conigliaro Alyssa
Published: May 2020

The current study seeks to better understand the process by which medical professionals assess mental illness and their subsequent steps when mental illness is suspected or diagnosed (e.g., psychiatric or psychological referral, prescribing medication, etc.). Participants included 36 licensed medical professionals (80% physicians, 20% non-physicians) who are currently practicing in the United States. All participants completed an online survey that included questions about 1) participant demographics, 2) participant’s medical practice and training, 3) prevalence of mental illness in their patient population, 4) how they assess mental illness symptoms, and 5) steps they generally take if they recognize these symptoms in their patients. Additional questions asked about the specific referral processes for patients for whom the physician suspected low, moderate, and severe psychopathology. More than half (56.7%) of participants indicated they have not received training about mental health. Although nearly two-thirds (65.7%) of participants reported using routine screening measures, more than one third (35.3%) reported that non-medical professionals conduct these screenings. Results suggest that regardless of the severity of the patients’ mental illness the majority of participants referred the patient to a mental health professional; around three-quarters referred to specific providers. The second most common referral step was prescribing medications. This study highlights the importance of leveraging medical professionals’ interactions with their patients to improve mental health referrals for patients who may benefit from further mental health evaluation or treatment.
Measurement Practices in Large-Scale Replications: Insights from Many Labs 2
Authors: Shaw Mairead , Cloos Leonie Johanna Rosina , Luong Raymond , Elbaz Sasha , Flake Jessica Kay
Published: May 2020

Validity of measurement is integral to the interpretability of research endeavours and any subsequent replication attempts. To assess current measurement practices and the construct validity of measures in large-scale replication studies, we conducted a systematic review of measures used in Many Labs 2: Investigating Variation in Replicability Across Samples and Settings (Klein et al., 2018). To evaluate the psychometric properties of the scales used in ManyLabs 2 we conducted factor and reliability analyses on the publicly-available data. We report that measures in Many Labs 2 were often short with little validity evidence reported in the original study, that measures with more validity evidence in the original study had stronger psychometric properties in the replication sample, and that translated versions of scales had lower reliability.We discuss the implications of these findings for interpreting replication results, and make recommendations to improve measurement practices in future replications.
Schutter zonder munitie: bij het boekenweekessay van Özcan Akyol
Authors: Dera Jeroen
Published: May 2020

Begin maart kreeg Özcan Akyol de pennen in beweging met zijn polemische boekenweekessay Generaal zonder leger. In dat boekje, voor een deel gebaseerd op eerdere columns van de auteur, trekt Akyol van leer tegen de in zijn ogen elitaire boekenwereld. De opvattingen van de rebelse dwarsdenker verdwenen echter al snel naar de achtergrond door de uitbraak van de coronacrisis. Ook ikzelf liet het boekje na een eerste lectuur al snel liggen om te kunnen wennen aan de quarantaine waarin ons gezin beland was. Deze week nam ik het echter weer eens ter hand en keerde dat gevoel terug dat me ook tijdens de eerste lezing overviel: een bepaalde welwillendheid om het met Akyol eens te zijn, die echter overschaduwd wordt door een onstuitbare ergernis. Hoewel ik principiële sympathie heb voor iedereen die een lans breekt voor een verbreding van de leescultuur en het literatuuronderwijs, is Akyol argumentatief een cowboy met een klappistooltje. Of, om bij de oorlogsmetaforiek uit zijn titel te blijven: een schutter zonder munitie.
Examining mental health locus of origin as a mediator of the relationship between identifying a psychological disorder and recommending treatment
Authors: Arunagiri Vinushini , DeJesus Christopher , Peros Olivia , Ward-Ciesielski Erin
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Research on mental health treatment barriers has yielded little progress toward increasing treatment use. This study examined whether participants’ mental health locus of origin, an attribution that a mental disorder is either biologically or environmentally caused, affected their ability to identify a psychological disorder and recommend appropriate treatment for it. Methods: 163 participants with no history of mental health treatment were presented case vignettes to diagnose and recommend treatment for and completed mental health locus of origin questionnaire. Results: Structural equation modelling was used to find a statistically significant relationship between identifying a psychological disorder and recommending appropriate treatment for it; however, participants’ mental health locus of origin did not mediate the relationship. Conclusions: Participants had more difficulty labeling and recommending appropriate treatment for the vignettes with a mild or severe problem, suggesting that increasing knowledge about psychological disorders and corresponding appropriate treatments may address the treatment gap.
Fear of memory decline predicts lower quality of life and increased memory failures in older adults: Preliminary findings from a novel fear-avoidance of memory decline scale.
Authors: Farina Francesca , Bennett Marc Patrick , Griffith James William , Lenaert Bert
Published: May 2020

Evidence concerning the impact of fear of memory decline on health-related outcomes is limited. To determine the relationship between fear-avoidance of memory decline, quality of life and subjective memory in older adults using a novel scale to measure fear of memory decline. Sixty-seven older adults (59-81 years) completed a 23-item self-report questionnaire designed to capture experiential, cognitive and behavioral components of fear of memory decline, known as the fear and avoidance of memory decline (FAM) scale. Memory performance was assessed using the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS-IV) and the Memory Failures Scale (MFS). General anxiety was assessed using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS) and the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI). Quality of life was assessed using the Older Person’s Quality of Life scale (OPQOL-35). The FAM scale demonstrated good reliability and validity. Three latent factors were observed including: (1) fear-avoidance, (2) problematic beliefs and (3) resilience. After adjusting for age, education, memory performance and general anxiety, higher fear-avoidance predicted lower quality of life (p=.021) and increased memory failures (p=.022). Increased fear of memory decline predicts lower quality of life and subjective memory failures in healthy older adults. Based on these findings, we propose a preliminary fear-avoidance model that explains the development and maintenance of dementia-related functional disability in terms of psychological processes.
MOTIVASI KERJA PERAWAT DI RUANG RAWAT INAP RSUD MAJALAYA KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Authors: Pragholapati Andria
Published: May 2020

Work motivation is an influential condition for arousing, directing, and maintaining behavior related to the work environment including nurse work motivation. The purpose of this study was to edit the Nurses' Work Motivation in the Inpatient Room of Majalaya Regional Hospital. This type of research uses analytic survey methods. The sampling method uses a total sampling technique with a total sample of 55 nurses in 6 inpatients. Data collection techniques using a work motivation questionnaire. The analysis used is univariate. The results of the study 28 people (50.9%) have high work motivation. The conclusion of the results of this study some nurses have work motivation of nurses in the inpatient room of Majalaya Regional Hospital. Based on the results of the study are expected to require motivation support to increase work motivation of nurses.
Economic Development and the Death of the Free Market
Authors: Fix Blair
Published: May 2020

According to neoclassical economics, the most efficient way to organize human activity is to use the free market. By stoking self interest, the theory claims, individuals can benefit society. This idea, however, conflicts with the evolutionary theory of multilevel selection, which proposes that rather than stoke self interest, successful groups must suppress it.Which theory better describes how human societies develop? I seek to answer this question by studying the opposite of the market: namely hierarchy. I find evidence that as human societies develop, they turn increasingly to hierarchical organization. Yet they do so, paradoxically, at the same time that the language of free markets becomes more common, and culture becomes more individualistic.This evidence, I argue, contradicts free-market theory, but only if we treat it as a scientific doctrine. If instead we treat free-market theory as an ideology, the pieces come together. Free-market thinking, I speculate, may stoke the formation of hierarchy by cloaking power in the language of 'freedom'.
KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF MATEMATIS SISWA MELALUI PENGGUNAAN STRATEGI MATHEMATICAL BET LINE
Authors: Amirulloh Sandi , Carlian H. Yayan , Rohmah Siti Khozanatu
Published: May 2020

Abstrak: Penelitian ini beranjak dari masalah yang dikemukakan oleh hasil survey Trends International Mathematic Science Study (TIMSS). Hasil survei tersebut menunjukkan bahwa hanya 2% siswa di Indonesia yang mampu mengerjakan soal-soal cerita matematika. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh karena kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa tergolong rendah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran dengan strategi mathematical bet line lebih baik secara signifikan dari siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran dengan model konvensional. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan desain yang digunakan yaitu nonequivalent control group design. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas IV di salah satu Madrasah Ibtidaiyah di Kecamatan Rancaekek Kabupaten Bandung. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes yang sesuai dengan indikator kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran dengan strategi mathematical bet line lebih baik dari siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran dengan model konvensional.  ABILITY OF MATH CREATIVE THINKING THROUGH THE USE OF THE MATHEMATICAL BET LINE STRATEGY Abstract: This research moved from the problem raised by the Trends International Mathematics Science Study (TIMSS) survey. The survey results show that only 2% of students in Indonesia can work on math story problems. It is caused by the students' mathematical creative thinking ability is relatively low. The purpose of this study is to know of increasing mathematical creative thinking ability of students who take learning with mathematical bet line strategies significantly better than students who take learning with conventional models. This research is a quasi-experimental study with the design used is a nonequivalent control group design. The sample in this study were all fourth-grade students in one of the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah in Rancaekek District, Bandung Regency. The instrument used in this study is a test that fits the mathematical creative thinking ability indicator. The results showed that increasing mathematical creative thinking ability of students who took learning with mathematical bet line strategies was better than students who followed learning with conventional models.
PENGEMBANGAN BUKU AJAR BERBASIS INFOGRAFIS PADA TEMA EKOSISTEM UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS V SD
Authors: Reizal Haidhar , Agustiningsih Agustiningsih , Hutama Fajar Surya
Published: May 2020

Abstrak: Penelitian ini menghasilkan produk berupa buku ajar berbasis infografis pada tema 5 ekosistem subtema 1 komponen ekosistem pada kelas 5 SD. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian R&D (research and development). Kelayakan produk buku ajar berbasis infografis diukur berdasarkan validitas buku, efektivitas buku dan respons siswa. Subjek uji coba penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VD SDN Jember Lor 01, siswa kelas VA SDN Jember Lor 02 dan siswa kelas V Ustman SDIT Harapan Umat. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan ialah validasi dan kueisioner. Berdasarkan hasil analisis validasi didapatkan persentase dari validator ahli sebesar 92,6% dan dapat dikatakan sangat valid. Keefektivitasan buku ajar berdasarkan angket hasil belajar siswa didapatkan persentase sebesar 80%, 82% dan 84%. Buku ajar infografis mendapat respons positif dengan persentase 100%, 100% dan 97,7%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut buku ajar berbasis infografis sudah memenuhi aspek untuk dapat digunakan sebagai buku ajar.INFOGRAPHIC BASED TEXTBOOK DEVELOPMENT IN THE ECOSYSTEM THEME TO IMPROVE STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES IN 5TH CLASS ELEMENTARY SCHOOLAbstract: This research developed an infographic-based textbook on subtheme 1: ecosystem component of theme 5: an ecosystem in 5th grade of elementary school. The research type used R&D (research and development). Infographic-based textbook’s properness measured by book validation, book effectivity, and students’ responses. The subject of this research was V grade students D class from SDN Jember Lor 01, V grade students B class from SDN Jember 02, and V grade student Ustman class from SDIT Harapan umat. This research used validation and questionnaire as data collection methods. From the data analysis, the percentage obtained from validator was 92,6%, and it could be concluded as very valid. The infographic-based textbook effectivity based on student learning outcomes questionnaire, the percentage that obtained were 80%, 82%, and 84%. The infographic-based textbook got a positive response, with a percentage of 100%, 100%, and 97,7%. From the result, an infographic-based textbook fulfilled aspect to be used as a textbook.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA BONEKA TANGAN TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENYIMAK SISWA KELAS I DI SDIT ROBBANI BANJARBARU
Authors: Khaliq Abdul , Barsihanor Barsihanor , Arifa Tutus Rani
Published: May 2020

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media boneka tangan terhadap keterampilan menyimak siswa kelas I di SDIT Robbbani Banjarbaru. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis eksperimen berupa Quasi Eksperimental dan desain Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas I SDIT Robbani Banjarbaru. Jumlah sampel yang diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling berjumlah 61 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes berbentuk pilihan ganda. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji independent sample t-test atau Uji t yang sebelumnya sudah melalui uji homogenitas dan uji normalitas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada kelompok eksperimen diperoleh nilai rata-rata pre-test adalah 81,33 dan nilai rata-rata post-test adalah 87,67. Pada kelompok kontrol diperoleh nilai rata-rata pre-test adalah 71,29 dan nilai rata-rata post-test adalah 83,06. Hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa nilai signifikansi 0,023 < 0,05. Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media boneka tangan berpengaruh terhadap keterampilan menyimak siswa kelas I di SDIT Robbbani Banjarbaru.  EFFECT OF USING HAND DOLL MEDIA TOWARDS THE SKILL OF STUDENTS IN CLASS IIN SDIT ROBBANI BANJARBARU Abstract: This study aims to determine the effect of using hand puppet media on the listening skills of first-grade students at SDIT Robbbani Banjarbaru. This research uses a quantitative approach with the type of experimentation in the form of Quasi-Experimental and Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population of this research is all of the first-grade students of SDIT Robbani Banjarbaru. The number of samples taken using a purposive sampling technique amounted to 61 students. The instrument used was a multiple-choice test. The data analysis technique used is the independent sample t-test or t-test that has previously been tested for homogeneity and normality tests. This study's results indicate that the experimental group obtained the mean of the pre-test score was 81.33, and the mean of the post-test score was 87.67. In the control group, the mean pre-test score was 71.29, and the mean of the post-test score was 83.06. Hypothesis test results indicate that the significance value of 0.023 <0.05. Based on the results of the hypothesis test, it can be concluded that the use of hand puppet media influences the listening skills of first-grade students at SDIT Robbbani Banjarbaru.
PENGGUNAAN VIDEO TUTORIAL UNTUK MENDUKUNG PEMBELAJARAN DARING DI MASA PANDEMI VIRUS CORONA
Authors: Batubara Hamdan Husein , Batubara Delila Sari
Published: May 2020

Abstrak: Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pengalaman menggunakan video tutorial untuk mendukung kegiatan pembelajaran daring di masa pendemi virus corona dan respons mahasiswa terhadap penggunaan video tutorial. Metode penelitian ini menerapkan metode kuantitatif deskriptif. Instrumennya adalah angket yang dikembangkan dari teori difusi inovasi Rogers. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa proses penggunaan video tutorial sebagai media pembelajaran terdiri dari empat tahap, yaitu: persiapan, perekaman, penyelesaian akhir, dan implementasi. Respons mahasiswa terhadap penggunaan video tutorial telah memperoleh skor 4,09 yang berarti baik. Penilaian respons tersebut meliputi: keuntungan relatif yang bernilai 4,29 (sangat baik), kesesuaian yang bernilai 4,20 (baik), kerumitan yang bernilai 3,83 (baik), ketercobaan yang bernilai 3,84 (baik), dan keteramatan yang bernilai 4,28 (sangat baik). THE USE OF TUTORIAL VIDEO TO SUPPORT ONLINE LEARNING IN PANDEMIC VIRUS CORONA Abstract: This article aims to explain the experience of using tutorial videos to support online learning activities during the coronavirus epidemic and student responses to the use of tutorial video. This research method applies a descriptive quantitative approach. The instrument is a questionnaire developed from Rogers' diffusion innovation theory. The results of this study indicate that the process of using tutorial video as a learning medium consists of four stages, namely: preparation, recording, completion, and implementation. Student responses to the use of video tutorials have obtained a score of 4.09, which means good. The response assessment included aspects of relative advantage valued at 4.29 (very good), compatibility valued at 4.20 (good), complexity valued at 3.83 (good), trialability valued at 3.84 (good), and observability valued 4.28 (very good).
Automobility and Oil Vulnerability
Authors: Horta Ana
Published: May 2020

Climate policies in the European Union require a substantial reduction in carbon emissions from road transport. However, in the last decades the system of automobility has expanded considerably, establishing a process of path dependence that is very difficult to reverse. Changes in current patterns of automobility may increase oil vulnerability of citizens dependent on the use of the car, aggravating forms of social inequity. Based on an analysis of how television news framed a period of oil price rises in a country highly dependent on car use, the article shows that oil vulnerability may resonate with socially shared sociocultural meanings such as lack of trust in political leaders, which may aggravate the social perception of unfairness and compromise public support for energy transitions toward sustainability.
“Litigation Is Our Last Resort”
Authors: Panikkar Bindu
Published: May 2020

The permitting of large-scale industrial mines is often controversial and litigious. This article examines three legal battles over the exploratory permitting of the Pebble mine in southwestern Alaska to examine the logics and rationalities used to legitimize the permitting, the alternate epistemic arguments made by the resistance movements to redraw state-constructed boundaries, and differing definitions of land-based resources, pollution, and bias. It asks how conflicting knowledge claims and epistemic injustice are debated and settled in court. All three legal cases observed demonstrate conditions of scientific uncertainty, undone science, and bias, failing to hold space for diverse representations within legal claims. Citizen science is partially successful in addressing epistemic injustice, but to effectively mediate justice, law must distinctively question both knowledge construction and phronetic risks, including values, intent, bias, privilege, and agency, and take into consideration the ontological multiplicities and civic epistemologies of the parties within legal claims.
Finansowanie związków wyznaniowych w Republice Włoskiej: zarządzanie środkami z asygnaty podatkowej (otto per mille) przedmiotem krytyki Trybunału Obrachunkowego
Authors: Stanisz Piotr , Ordon Marta
Published: May 2020

Opracowanie koncentruje się na jednym z najważniejszych elementów systemu finansowania kościołów i innych związków wyznaniowych we Włoszech, jakim jest asygnata podatkowa w wysokości 0,8% podatku dochodowego od osób fizycznych (tzw. otto per mille). Włoski Trybunał Obrachunkowy (Corte dei Conti) w latach 2014-2018 przyjął cztery uchwały dotyczące tej problematyki. Zatwierdzone na ich podstawie raporty zawierają szereg uwag dotyczących sposobu zarządzania środkami pochodzącymi z tego źródła. W pierwszej części opracowania scharakteryzowana została instytucja otto per mille, będąca punktem odniesienia w wielu dyskusjach dotyczących nowoczesnych metod finansowania związków wyznaniowych. Następnie szczegółowo przedstawiono zarzuty podniesione w raportach oraz oficjalne stanowiska, jakie w ich sprawie sformułowały związki wyznaniowe, w tym Kościół Katolicki. W podsumowaniu opracowania sformułowano uwagi końcowe, stanowiące próbę krytycznego spojrzenia zarówno na opinie wyrażone przez włoski Trybunał Obrachunkowy, jak i na odnoszące się do nich komentarze i związane z nimi inicjatywy.
Opinia prawna dotycząca odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy osoba pełniąca funkcję (urząd kościelny) Ekonoma Konferencji Episkopatu Polski wypełnia przesłankę z przepisu art.44 ust.3 ustawy z 28 sierpnia 1997 r. o organizacji i funkcjonowaniu funduszy emerytalnych
Authors: Walencik Dariusz
Published: May 2020

Przedmiotem opinii jest udzielenie odpowiedzi na pytanie: czy osoba pełniąca funkcję (urząd kościelny) Ekonoma Konferencji Episkopatu Polski wypełnia przesłankę określoną w przepisie art. 44 ust. 3 ustawy z dnia 28 sierpnia 1997 r. o organizacji i funkcjonowaniu funduszy emerytalnych, czyli należy do kręgu tzw. „osób zależnych”? Przeprowadzona analiza stanu prawnego i faktycznego w tym konkretnym przypadku doprowadziła do konkluzji, że sam fakt bycia Ekonomem KEP nie powoduje, że ziszcza się negatywna przesłanka z art. 44 ust. 3 ustawy o organizacji i funkcjonowaniu funduszy emerytalnych. Ponieważ jednak osoba wykonująca funkcję Ekonoma KEP pozostaje równocześnie w stosunku pracy z jednostką organizacyjną KEP o nazwie „Sekretariat Konferencji Episkopatu Polski – Działalność Gospodarcza”, czyli jednostką organizacyjną działającą w ramach KEP (akcjonariusza towarzystwa), to wypełnia ona przesłankę określoną w cytowanym przepisie, tzn. jest tzw. „osobą zależną”.