bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of saline irrigation water and cobalt on growth and chemical composition in Nigella sativa
Authors: KHALID KHALID A. , SHEDEED MAHMOUD R.
Published: December 2014

Abstract. Khalid KA, Shedeed MR. 2014. The effects of saline irrigation water and cobalt on growth and chemical composition in Nigella sativa.Nusantara Bioscience 6: 146-151. Increasing plant salinity tolerance is a focus of research and industry since salinity and yield are of major concern to maximize medicinal and aromatic plant production in arid and semi-arid areas. Therefore, the present study aimed to decrease the harmful effect of salinity on Nigella sativa L plants by adapting them to saline soil stress through the use of Cobalt. The effects of saline irrigation water and cobalt on the vegetative growth characters [plant height (cm), leaf number (plant-1), branch number (plant-1), capsule number (plant1), herb dry weight (plant-1) and seed yield (plant-1)] and content of fixed oil, soluble sugars, proline, N,P,K and protein of black seed (Nigella sativa L.) plants were investigated. In these experiments, two factors were considered: saline irrigation water and Cobalt. The experimental design followed a complete random block design. The averages of data were statistically analyzed using 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA-2) and the values of least significant difference (LSD) at 5%. Saline irrigation water decreased certain growth characters, fixed oil, protein and mineral content (N, P, and K) as saline irrigation water level increased. Saline irrigation water promoted the accumulation of soluble sugars and proline contents. The plants treated with saline irrigation water containing cobalt resulted in higher plant growth characters and chemical constituent’s values than those treated with saline irrigation water alone.
The study of Forest Hara Biosphere Reserve in coast of Persian Gulf and the importance of heavy metal accumulation; Case study: feathers of great cormorant
Authors: MIRSANJARI MIR MEHRDAD , SHEYBANIFAR FARNAZ , ARJMAND FARSHID
Published: December 2014

Abstract. Mirsanjari MM, Sheybanifar F, Arjmand F. 2014. The study of forest Hara Biosphere Reserve in coast of Persian Gulf and the importance of heavy metal accumulation; Case study: feathers of great cormorant. Nusantara Bioscience 6: 159-164. In recent years, concerns about the long term effects of heavy metals as environmental polluters have arisen, since considerable quantities of heavy metals have been released into the environment as a result of extensive human activities. Heavy metal has been determined as a serious threat to the stability of ecosystems. In this study, we examined the levels of zinc‚ copper‚ lead, and cadmium in the feathers of twenty great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo), collected from Hara Biosphere Reserve during November and December in 2012. The results revealed that the mean concentration of heavy metals in the feathers of males is significantly higher than females (P < 0.05). In addition‚ no significant difference was observed in heavy metal concentration between juvenile and adult birds. Moreover, according to the results, the high concentration of heavy metals in some samples indicated this fact that birds are potentially exposed to the risk of heavy metals in their habitat.
Review: Advancements and application of immunosensors in the analysis of food contaminants
Authors: AZAM MD. SHOFIUL , RAHMAN MD. RAMIM TANVER , LOU ZAIXIANG , TANG YUXIA , RAQIB SALEH MUHAMMED , JOTHI JAKIA SULTANA
Published: December 2014

Azam MS, Rahman MRT, Lou Z, Tang Y, Raqib SM, Jothi JS. 2014. Advancements and application of immunosensors in the analysis of food contaminants. Nusantara Bioscience 6: 186-195. Immunosensors are affinity ligand-based biosensor solid-state devices in which the immunochemical reaction is coupled to a transducer. The fundamental basis of all immunosensors is the specificity of the molecular recognition of antigens by antibodies to form a stable complex. This is similar to the immunoassay methodology. Immunosensors can be categorized based on the detection principle applied. The main developments are electrochemical, optical, and microgravimetric immunosensors. In contrast to immunoassay, modern transducer technology enables the label-free detection and quantification of the immune complex. The analysis of trace substances in environmental science, pharmaceutical and food industries is a challenge since many of these applications demand a continuous monitoring mode. The use of immunosensors in these applications is most appropriate. Food chemists should take advantage of immunosensors in food and clinical diagnostics. There are many recent developments in the immunosensor field which have potential impacts. The future role of this technique in intra-laboratory, as well as bedside testing, will become even more important as the food laboratory is faced with increasing pressure to contain costs. Objective of this paper is to give a general overview of the possible application of immunosensors to the food analysis field.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from seed extract of Brassica nigra and its antibacterial activity
Authors: PANDIT RAKHSA
Published: December 2014

Abstract. Pandit R. 2015. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from seed extract of Brassica nigra and its antibacterial activity. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 15-19. We report the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using seed extract of Brassica nigra. UV-visible spectroscopic analysis showed the absorbance peak at 432 nm which indicated the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Nanoparticles Tracking and Analysis (NTA) was used to determine the size of synthesized silver nanoparticles. Zeta potential analysis was carried out to study the stability of nanoparticles while FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of proteins as capping agents that provided stability to nanoparticles in colloid. Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles was evaluated against Propionibacterium acnes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The activity of Vancomycin was significantly increased in combination with silver nanoparticles showing synergistic activity against all bacteria while the maximum activity was noted against P. acnes.
Nonsmooth and level-resolved dynamics illustrated with a periodically driven tight binding model
Authors: Haque Masudul , Zhang J. M.
Published: December 2014

We point out that in the first order time-dependent perturbation theory, the transition probability may behave nonsmoothly in time and have kinks periodically. Moreover, the detailed temporal evolution can be sensitive to the exact locations of the eigenvalues in the continuum spectrum, in contrast to coarse-graining ideas. Underlying this nonsmooth and level-resolved dynamics is a simple equality about the sinc function $\sinc x \equiv \sin x / x$. These physical effects appear in many systems with approximately equally spaced spectra, and is also
robust for larger-amplitude coupling beyond the domain of perturbation theory.
We use a one-dimensional periodically driven tight-binding model to illustrate these effects, both within and outside the perturbative regime.
AVALIAÇÃO ESCOLAR, EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL E LINGUAGEM: ANÁLISE DAS AVALIÇOES PRODUZIDAS NAS ESCOLAS
Authors: Almeida Renata Weffort
Published: December 2014

O presente texto trata sobre a avaliação escolar na Educação Infantil e tem como objetivo discutir como as crianças são avaliadas, quanto aos meios e critérios adotados, no que se refere à linguagem. A pesquisa foi realizada em duas escolas de Educação Infantil, uma pública da rede municipal de São Paulo e uma privada do mesmo município. Nas duas escolas foram analisados os instrumentos que envolvem o processo de avaliação, tais como, atividades diagnósticas dos alunos e relatórios/fichas de avaliação do aproveitamento escolar. A perspectiva teórica tem como referência os estudos dos pensadores da teoria crítica da sociedade, sobretudo os que tratam da formação, experiência e linguagem. Em linhas gerais, a conclusão da presente pesquisa é a de que, tendencialmente, a relação entre avaliação e Educação Infantil expressa uma perspectiva padronizada e pré-determinada do desenvolvimento das crianças, em detrimento da possibilidade de experiências que visem à reflexão e à formação.http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v25i3.3040
ATENDIMENTO EDUCACIONAL ÀS DIFICULDADES DE APRENDIZAGEM NA LEITURA E ESCRITA NA REDE ESTADUAL DO PARANÁ
Authors: Szymanski Maria Lídia Sica , Elias Dinora De Godoy
Published: December 2014

Com base nos conceitos fundamentais da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural, discutem-se as proposições legais para o apoio aos alunos com dificuldades de aprendizagem na leitura e na escrita, nos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental da rede pública estadual paranaense, vigentes durante o ano de 2013. Nesse sentido, são analisados alguns aspectos das instruções normativas relativos ao atendimento promovido pelas Salas de Apoio à Aprendizagem de Língua Portuguesa e também pelas Salas de Recursos Multifuncionais - Tipo I. Finaliza-se apontando avanços, fragilidades e possibilidades na oferta desse atendimento.http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v25i3.3075
A PROFISSIONALIDADE DOS PROFESSORES DE EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL E A FUNÇÃO DE CUIDAR-EDUCAR AS CRIANÇAS
Authors: Da Silva Rosangela Aparecida Galdi
Published: December 2014

Este texto introduz a discussão acerca da profissionalidade docente, a partir da função dos professores de Educação Infantil. O objetivo é investigar a relação existente entre a função de cuidar-educar as crianças pequenas e o desenvolvimento profissional de seus professores. As experiências da Itália, Suécia e Portugal contribuíram para iluminar a discussão referente ao desenvolvimento pessoal, profissional e organizacional das creches e pré-escolas. Nesta investigação, foram identificados desafios aos profissionais no que concerne ao estabelecimento de relação com a família das crianças, ao atendimento das necessidades das próprias crianças e, ainda, quanto à definição de currículo para a educação infantil. Os resultados evidenciam perspectivas para a busca da profissionalidade docente pelos professores de Educação Infantil.http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v25i3.3116
APONTAMENTOS SOBRE O DOCUMENTO “EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: SUBSÍDIOS PARA A CONSTRUÇÃO DE UMA SISTEMÁTICA DE AVALIAÇÃO”
Authors: Vieira Lívia Fraga
Published: December 2014

O artigo apresenta e comenta aspectos do documento oficial “Educação Infantil: subsídios para a construção de uma sistemática de avaliação”, produzido pelo Grupo de Trabalho (GT) de Avaliação da Educação Infantil, instituído pelo Ministério de Educação em dezembro de 2011. Composto pela representação de órgãos federais e entidades, o GT teve a incumbência primeira de propor diretrizes e metodologias de avaliação da educação infantil e de avaliar experiências, estratégias e instrumentos de avaliação na educação infantil. Num contexto em que o debate sobre a avaliação da/na educação infantil emerge com posicionamentos conflitantes, sugere-se que o documento cumpre importante papel em demarcar uma sistemática que enfatiza a avaliação das condições da oferta de creches/pré-escolas numa perspectiva de avaliação democrática, que respeita e protege direitos em contextos de desigualdade e diversidade.http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v25i3.3166
The Budget Contraction Effect: How Contracting Budgets Lead to Less Varied Choice
Authors: Carlson Kurt A. , Wolfe Jared , Blanchard Simon J. , Huber Joel C. , Ariely Dan
Published: December 2014

How do consumers adjust their spending when their budget changes? A common view is that the allocation of one's current budget should not depend on previous budget allocations. Contrary to this, the authors find that when the budget contracts to a particular level, consumers select less variety (as measured by the number of different items with some of the budget allocated to them) than when their budget expands to that same level. This budget contraction effect stems from a reduction in variety under the contracting budget, not from variety expansion under the expanding budget. Evidence from five experiments indicates that the effect is driven by a desire to avoid feelings of loss associated with spreading allocation cuts (relative to reference quantities from previous allocations) across many items.
Mathematical Modeling of Betanin Extraction from Red Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) by Solid–Liquid Method
Authors: Xu Honggao , Peng Qiang , Yuan Fang , Gao Yanxiang
Published: December 2014

Effective diffusion coefficient (D-value) is an important parameter for the extraction process. In this study, a cylindrical model to estimate the D-value of betanin extraction from red beet roots was developed. The influence of extraction temperature, pH, cylindrical thickness and type of acids on the D-value was also investigated. The optimal parameters of betanin extraction were 30°C, pH 4.0 adjusted with sulfurous acid or acetic acid. D-values under the above conditions were 18.95×10−11 m2/s and 17.87×10−11 m2/s, respectively. The result showed that D-value elevated with the increase of cylindrical thickness, which was consistent with earlier conclusion from spherical model. The modeling may be useful for the investigation into extraction process and practical application.
Gasping for air: soccer players’ passing behavior at high-altitude
Authors: Tovar Jorge
Published: December 2014

A number of soccer officials have long debated whether to ban soccer games played at high altitude above sea level. This paper explores soccer player’s passing behavior when playing at high elevations using
Comparing Inter-Korean and Cross-Taiwan Strait Trust-Building
Authors: Liao Nien-chung Chang
Published: December 2014

This study examines Kim Dae Jung’s 1998–2002 Sunshine Policy toward North Korea and the mutual reassurances between Taiwan and China from 2008 to 2013. Furthermore, it explores factors contributing to the failure of trust-building in the two cases, and the implications for reassurance theory as well as the prospects for inter-Korean and cross-Taiwan Strait relations.
A Strategic Functional Theory of Institutions and Rethinking Asian Regionalism
Authors: He Kai
Published: December 2014

Institutions do not always matter. They can make it easier for states to deal with non-traditional security threats and alleviate arms races, but they are less likely to matter in dealing with territorial disputes and negotiating multilateral trade agreements. We should neither overestimate nor underestimate the utility of ASEAN-centered regionalism in the Asia Pacific.
Defining Mexico’s Spirit
Authors: Bowen Sarah , Hamrick Danny
Published: December 2014

In this article, we examine debates that have unfolded over two controversial proposals, both introduced in 2011, about how to regulate mezcal. Mezcals are distilled agave spirits that have been produced in Mexico for at least the last four hundred years. Critics of the proposed regulations argued that they threatened the livelihoods of thousands of small mezcal distillers and aimed to consolidate the power of industrial tequila and mezcal producers. Surprisingly, a transnational movement of retailers and bartenders aligned themselves with small mezcal producers and defeated the industrial elites. Here, we show how arguments on both sides of the debate focused on the market and consumer rights. We argue that there is a need to move beyond market-based labels in order to create more democratic, participatory, and inclusive ways of protecting, valuing, and preserving local foods and drinks and the people who make them.
Raw Milk, Raw Power
Authors: Mincyte Diana
Published: December 2014

In recent years, raw milk has emerged as one of the most contentious food commodities, considered a serious health risk by public health officials and a source of healing and nourishment by raw milk proponents. The purpose of this article is to explore the ways in which consumers construct and experience trust in food that is often procured in informal markets. Because the image of an overreaching, exploitative government features prominently in popular narratives surrounding raw milk consumption, this article is explicitly concerned with the role of the state in public food debates. Drawing on two complementary empirical cases of raw milk consumption in the United States and postsocialist Lithuania, I argue that there are two competing projects that underlie the struggles surrounding raw milk provisioning in both sites: the politics of recognition and the politics of sovereignty. As similarly argued by Charles Taylor, the politics of recognition emphasizes the efforts of raw milk consumers to be accepted, supported, and recognized by the larger polity, including its public health institutions, legislative bodies, and welfare state. On the other hand, raw milk proponents call for sovereignty, postulating that food choices and intake should lie outside of state prerogatives. More broadly, this study reveals how trust in a food product is tied to the ongoing legitimacy crisis of the modern state, and in particular how a renewed value of locavorism becomes anchored in a fundamental distrust of the postindustrial, postwelfare state and its institutions.
(Re)establishing the Normal
Authors: Jung Yuson
Published: December 2014

In the dominant American discourse, alternative practices of consuming ethical foods are often positioned against cheap, highly processed, freely traded, and poor-quality industrially produced foods. This article discusses the different forms and meanings of “alternative” food practices and asks whether consuming organically and locally produced, or fairly traded, foods are the only “alternative” food practices that can claim moral authority and assert one’s ethical adherence. By examining the discourses and practices of everyday food provisioning among resource-constrained consumers in postsocialist Bulgaria and postindustrial Detroit, the article explores the meanings of “good” food, and suggests that “alternatives” do not always translate as foods that are exceptionally moral and pure owing to intrinsic superior values. These comparative case studies complicate a familiar, stereotypical dichotomy between a morally compromised global industrialized food system and an ethical alternative to the status quo that presumes moral purity. The meanings of “good” foods vary in different social and economic contexts, and “alternative” foods therefore can be those that have the power, or promise, to (re)establish a sense of “normal” provisioning opportunities. Recognizing these different forms and meanings of “alternatives” will allow us to envision future food production and consumption practices in more nuanced ways so that an industrialized food system and “alternative” food systems are not cast in mutually exclusive terms.
The GoodGuide to “Good” Coffee
Authors: Lyon Sarah
Published: December 2014

Political empowerment, social justice, and environmental resilience are increasingly upheld alongside flavor and quality as criteria of “good” foods. However, these criteria cannot be simply assessed through taste tests—one cannot determine from a bite of chocolate whether the cacao it contains was tended by child slaves in the Ivory Coast or fairtrade farmers in Ghana. In order to reinvent these global commodities, to rediscover the small farmers hidden behind bulk purchasing and corporate branding, consumers today increasingly rely on a variety of twenty-first-century tools, technologies, and labels. This article explores one of these instruments, questioning the relative merits of the product rating system provided by GoodGuide, an internet-based tool designed to help consumers with product research, and comparing it to the fairtrade labels that are more familiar to most coffee drinkers. GoodGuide’s greatest strength is how it assesses a product from crop to cup, capturing multiple and diverse factors within global supply chains. However, in comparison to fairtrade labeling, GoodGuide employs quantitative metrics and opaque rating criteria that inadequately capture the complexity of smallholder coffee production in places like Guatemala. It also fails to promote food citizenship in a meaningful way. One key part of reinventing foods is intentionally placing people at the heart of the provisioning system. Therefore, it is important to question the extent to which new tools and technologies for assessing the relative “goodness” of foods promote food citizenship and food-related behaviors that support, rather than threaten, the development of a democratic, economically just, and environmentally sustainable food system.
Authentic Anachronisms
Authors: Aistara Guntra A.
Published: December 2014

This article explores the relationship between Soviet and pre-Soviet histories in the reinvention of traditional foods in Latvia, with particular attention to how these products are transformed into new commodity forms. It focuses on regional home-baked breads and local wines produced from grapes grown in western Latvia. Both of these revivals of culinary heritage engage in complex and contradictory processes of “authentification” by taking an historical artifact—such as a recipe, a piece of equipment, or an ancient tale—and consciously crafting the missing pieces around it to produce an authentic food product, one that includes seemingly anachronistic elements of different eras. The result is a material and symbolic bricolage (Lévi-Strauss 1966) that represents both producers’ and consumers’ innovative efforts to preserve or redefine livelihoods in times of change, and to negotiate complicated cultural memories of various pasts. Rather than dismissing seemingly out-of-place elements as “tampering with tradition,” I show how they are the very foundation of authenticity. I argue that the authenticity of homemade foods, like bread, is based on acknowledging the seemingly misplaced Soviet elements of the processes alongside the “ancient” recipes and modern European infrastructure, while in the case of wine we see an effort to forget the Soviet past and leapfrog to a European future. The fate of such claims, however, depends on the social networks through which the products circulate, as informal networks for home-baked breads become professionalized, and entirely new networks of connoisseurs are created who are interested in following the fate of attempts to grow “real” European wines in Latvia.
The Pains of Attention
Authors: Howard Alex
Published: December 2014

Alex Howard, “The Pains of Attention: Paratextual Reading in Practical Education and Castle Rackrent” (pp. 293–318)

In Practical Education (1798), Maria Edgeworth and Richard Lovell Edgeworth’s treatise on rationalist pedagogy, the authors define attention as a form of painful “mental labour.” The habit of concentrating, they suggest, must be carefully cultivated before the intellectual pleasure can outweigh the “fatigue” of thinking—and to do so, “those who expect to succeed in the art of teaching” must always remember “that we can attend to but one thing at a time.” Edgeworth’s ironic annotations to Castle Rackrent (1800), however, gleefully flout these rules. By formalizing the separation between narrative and contextual material, the Editor’s footnotes diversify—and intensify—the annotated novel’s claims on its reader’s attention. This essay reframes the Editor’s paratextual interruptions as deliberate pedagogical challenges to the “lazy” adult reader’s stunted faculty of attention. Investigating the phenomenology of paratextual reading, I argue that Edgeworth’s novel aims to empower its readers to gather, to process, and to retain the information that will guide them toward more responsible political judgments and more nuanced methods of knowledge production. Ultimately, by juxtaposing the habits of pleasurable attention required of responsible intellectual laborers with the realities of labor relations on the Irish estate, Edgeworth presents the novel’s pedagogy as a necessary intervention into Anglo-Irish labor relations at the critical moment of Union.
Henry James at the Ethical Turn
Authors: Flaherty Matthew
Published: December 2014

Matthew Flaherty, “Henry James at the Ethical Turn: Vivification and Ironization in The Ambassadors” (pp. 366–393)

Taking its cue from recent work by Dorothy J. Hale, this paper begins by exploring the extent to which Levinasian, deconstructive, and Aristotelian critical approaches have associated Henry James’s fiction, and the ethical import of reading literature more broadly, with an array of related values including particularity, impulsiveness, and indeterminacy. Seeking to complicate this characterization of the ethical effects of Jamesian fiction, this paper emphasizes the debt of The Ambassadors (1903) to a form of dialectical narration that privileges an array of antithetical values including abstraction, analysis, and understanding. Attending in particular to the novel’s opposition between Lambert Strether’s imagination and Maria Gostrey’s discrimination, I argue that The Ambassadors uses perspectival relations between characters to clarify and challenge the judgments of its characters and, by extension, its readers. By building dialectical oppositions like these into his novels, James does not disrupt structures of thought with immediate feeling so much as he shapes immediate feelings into structures of thought. The paper makes the case that it is through juxtaposition to characters like Maria that the full significance of Strether’s feeling—that is, the perspective of value that motivates his practice—can be grasped by readers seeking to refine their own ethical thinking. By emphasizing how James’s fiction facilitates thoughts that attend to the whole, rather than just provoking feelings that attend to the particular, the paper seeks to expand both received understandings of James’s fiction and of ethical approaches to literary criticism more broadly.
Maternal Depressive Symptoms During Childhood and Risky Adolescent Health Behaviors
Authors: Wickham Maeve E. , Senthilselvan Ambikaipakan , Wild T. Cameron , Hoglund Wendy L.G. , Colman Ian
Published: December 2014

OBJECTIVE:

Maternal depression is a risk factor for adolescent depression; however, the effect of childhood exposure to maternal depression on adolescent engagement in health risk behaviors (eg, substance use, delinquency) is unclear.

METHODS:

We examined the relationship between maternal depressive symptoms (child’s age 4–15) and engagement in health risk behaviors at age 16 to 17 by using data from 2910 mother–youth pairs in a nationally representative prospective Canadian cohort. Maternal depressive trajectories were estimated through finite mixture modeling, and multiple regression analyses examined the relationship between maternal depressive symptoms and engagement in various health risk behaviors (linear regression) and age of debut of various behaviors (Cox regression).

RESULTS:

Five trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms were found: recurrent maternal symptoms, midchildhood exposure to maternal symptoms, adolescent exposure to maternal symptoms, mild maternal symptoms, and low symptoms. Adolescents exposed to maternal depressive symptoms during middle childhood were more likely to use common substances (alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana), engage in violent and nonviolent delinquent behavior, and have an earlier debut ages of cigarette, alcohol, marijuana, and hallucinogen use.

CONCLUSIONS:

The results of this study suggest that exposure to maternal depressive symptoms, particularly in middle childhood, is associated with greater and earlier engagement in health risk behaviors.
Giant appendix or an appendiceal mucocele? Case report of an 11-year-old child
Authors: Balint Istvan , Nad Marta , Kiraly Adrienn , Bali Ottilia , Rashed Adel , Vizsy Laszlo
Published: December 2014

We present an 11-year-old male child with an enormous appendix that was regarded as an appendiceal mucocele. The disorder is very rare and usually appears in middle aged patients. It is a clinical diagnosis. It could cause a variety of symptoms, especially, acute appendicitis and unidentified lesion in the right iliac fossa. According to the reasons, it could be just a curiosity without any relevancy or the sign of a malignant lesion with bad prognostic factors. The histopathological findings prove the origin.
Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Maxillary Sinus Augmentation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ali Sherif , Bakry Saleh Ahmed , Abd-Elhakam Hesham
Published: December 2014

The aim of this study was to systemically assess the efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on maxillary sinus augmentation using the lateral approach. A PubMed search and a hand search of relevant journals and the bibliographies of selected articles were performed. Clinical studies using PRF with open maxillary sinus augmentation were included. The search provided 290 titles; only 8 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Identified studies showed heterogeneity regarding surgical technique, grafting material, implant placement time, protocol, outcome measures, healing time for biopsy, and implant placement, as well as follow-up period. From the 8 identified studies, 3 studies used PRF as a sole filling material, whereas the other 5 studies used PRF with bone substitutes. PRF showed promising results as a sole filling material for sinus lift with simultaneous implant placement, and PRF seemed to accelerate maturation of a demineralized freeze dried bone allograft. Conversely, it had no effect on deproteinized bovine maturation. PRF fibrin membranes represent an easy and successful method to cover the sinus membrane or osteotomy window.
Nontraumatic Implant Explantation: A Biomechanical and Biological Analysis in Sheep Tibia
Authors: Anitua Eduardo , Murias-Freijo Alia , Piñas Laura , Tejero Ricardo , Prado Roberto , Orive Gorka
Published: December 2014

Preclinical research in a sheep tibia model has been conducted to evaluate the underlying mechanisms of the nontraumatic implant explantation of failed implants, which allow placing a new one in the bone bed. Twelve dental implants were placed in sheep diaphysis tibia and once osseointegrated they were explanted using a nontraumatic implant explantation approach. Implant osseointegration and explantation were monitored by means of frequency resonance, removal torque, and angle of rotation measurement. The host bone bed and the explanted implant surface were analyzed by conventional microscopy and scanning electron microscope. Results show that osseointegration was broken with an angular displacement of less than 20°. In this situation the implant returns to implant stability quotient values in the same range of their primary stability. Moreover, the explantation technique causes minimal damage to the surrounding bone structure and cellularity. This nontraumatic approach allows the straightforward replacement of failed implants and emerges as a promising strategy to resolve clinically challenging situations.
DIFFERENT CHARACTERISTICS OF INFECTION WITH MYCOBACTERIA IN GRANULOMA CELLS FROM MICE WITH LATENT TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION AND IN BONE MARROW AND PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES AFTER BCG VACCINE APPLICATION IN VITRO
Authors: Ufimtseva E. G.
Published: December 2014

The aim of the study was to compare the content of BCG-mycobacteria in granulomas obtained from various organs of BALB/c mice with latent tuberculosis after in vivo exposure to BCG vaccine and in mouse bone marrow and peritoneal macrophages after BCG infection in vitro. The granuloma cells obtained from mice through 20 days, one and two months after their BCG-infecting in vivo were differed with respect to both the number of granulomas with macrophages containing the defined numbers of BCG-mycobacteria and the quantity of cells with the defined numbers of bacilli in granulomas. However, in the preparations obtained from each mice, granuloma macrophages contained solitary BCGmycobacteria. At the same time, a shorter acute infection of mouse peritoneal and bone marrow macrophages by BCG vaccine resulted in considerable growth of bacilli in the host cells for 5 days in the culture in vitro. Therefore, granuloma macrophages could control BCG infection both in mice with latent tuberculosis in vivo and in the ex vivo culture, on the contrary, the bone marrow and peritoneal macrophages were not capable to control the BCG infection in the culture in vitro.
MICROECOLOGY OF NASOPHARYNGEAL MUCOSAL MEMBRANES AND ESTIMATION OF FACTORS OF MUCOSAL AND LYMPHOCYTIC IMMUNITY IN RECRUITS DURING THE FORMATION OF ORGANIZED TEAM
Authors: Nikiforov V. A. , Efimov E. I. , Piskarev Y. G. , Belyaeva E. V. , Ermolina G. B.
Published: December 2014

Contamination of nasopharyngeal mucosa by opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria in practically healthy people during the formation of the close group has been accompanied by a dysfunction of mucosal immunity, imbalanceof cytokine profile, insolvency of antioxidant system, increasing endointoxication. Adequate changes of serum immunoglobulins level in patients with nasopharyngeal dysbiosis allow to conclude of usefulness of the pre-emptive vaccination and using drugs with immunomodulatory effect which reliably satisfy body’s need for antioxidants.
THE ANALYSIS OF IXODES TICKS INFESTATION WITH TBEV IN KIROV REGION
Authors: Bessolitsyna E. A. , Volkov S. A. , Stolbova F. S. , Darmov I. V.
Published: December 2014

The objects of this study are Ixodes ticks which were collected in different areas of Kirov province. The aim of the study is to determine the proportion of TBEV infected ticks using the reverse transcription and PCR, dependingon time, place, and methods of collection in the Kirov province as well as of ticks specific and sexual identity. The study found that from the two tick species that were tested only taiga tick (Ixodes persulcatus) but not the meadow thick (Dermacentor reticulatus) was the TBEV vector. Study also has shown that both males and females ticks can be the TBEV vectors. Moreover, it was proved the importance of ticks testing which were gathered not only from human but also from animals, primary from dogs, and from the plants.
BIFIDUM-MEDIUM FOR ISOLATION AND CULTIVATION OF BIFIDOBACTERIA
Authors: Domotenko L. V. , Shepelin A. P.
Published: December 2014

The comparative evaluation of Bifidum-medium quality (the nutrient medium for cultivation and selection bifidobacteria, dry) and Blaurock medium has been performed. It was shown that Bifidum-medium supports the typical growth of the main types of bifidobacteria: Bifidobacterium bifidum, B. breve, B. adolescentis, B. infantis, B. longum. The comparable results for the efficacy and the activity accumulation of acid were obtained in the study of probiotic «bifidumbacterin » using both media. In studies of faecal material the medium concentration of bifidobacteria was found 8.15 lg CFU/g on Bifidum-medium and 6.68 lg CFU/g on Blaurock medium.
Sandra Scheuble-Reiter: Die Katökenreiter im ptolemäischen Ägypten.
Authors: Fischer-Bovet Christelle
Published: December 2014

Sandra Scheuble-Reiter: Die Katökenreiter im ptolemäischen Ägypten. München: C. H. Beck 2012. XII, 428 S. (Vestigia. 64.) 70 €.
Lorenzo Sguaitamatti: Der spätantike Konsulat.
Authors: Petrini Francesco Maria
Published: December 2014

Lorenzo Sguaitamatti: Der spätantike Konsulat. Fribourg: Academic Press 2012. XII, 314 S. (Paradosis. 53) 48 €.
Fedora Filippi (Ed.): Horti et sordes. Uno scavo alle falde del Granicolo.
Authors: Manacorda Daniele
Published: December 2014

Fedora Filippi (Ed.): Horti et sordes. Uno scavo alle falde del Granicolo. Roma: Quasar 2008. 443 S. 213 Abb. 4°.
Miriam Leonard: Athens in Paris. Ancient Greece and the Political in Post-War French Thought.
Authors: Reichart Cordula
Published: December 2014

Miriam Leonard: Athens in Paris. Ancient Greece and the Political in Post-War French Thought. Oxford: Oxford UP 2005. X, 264 S. (Classical Presences.) 45 £.
Opposing forces: Evaluating multiple ecological roles of Pacific salmon in coastal stream ecosystems
Authors: Harding Jennifer N. , Reynolds John D.
Published: December 2014

Resource flows and disturbance from species migrations can alter the productivity, structure and function of an ecosystem. Annual mass migrations of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) to coastal watersheds import vast quantities of potentially limiting nutrients that have been shown to increase primary and secondary productivity in streams and lakes. Substrate disturbance during spawning can also export nutrients and reduce primary and secondary production. Here we study the impacts of these dual roles of salmon on stream invertebrates. We collected benthic macroinvertebrates in 15 streams prior to and following peak salmon spawning on British Columbia's central coast. Along with other habitat measurements including stream water chemistry, temperature, and watershed size, we investigated the effects of salmon on invertebrate δ15N, δ13C and biomass density (mg/m2) among 15 streams and within 5 streams, upstream and downstream of barriers to spawning salmon. We found that stream invertebrates assimilate salmon‐derived nutrients in proportion to availability but invertebrate biomass density declines in both seasons with increasing salmon density. Benthic disturbance appears to be the cause of this decline in the fall, but the decline in the spring may be due to the slow recovery of invertebrates from substrate disturbance the previous fall or salmon nutrients may be indirectly driving declines in spring invertebrate biomass by subsidizing other trophic levels and eliciting a trophic cascade.
Pressure drop in packed beds of spherical particles at ambient and elevated air temperatures
Authors: Pesic Radojica , Kaludjerovic-Radoicic Tatjana , Boskovic-Vragolovic Nevenka , Arsenijevic Zorana , Grbavcic Zeljko
Published: December 2014

The aim of this work was the experimental investigation of the particle
friction factor for air flow through packed bed of particles at ambient and
elevated temperatures. The experiments were performed by measuring the
pressure drop across the packed bed, heated to the desired temperature by hot
air. Glass spherical particles of seven different diameters were used. The
temperature range of the air flowing through the packed bed was from 20?C to
350?C and the bed voidages were from 0.3574 to 0.4303. The obtained results
were correlated using a number of available literature correlations. The
overall best fit of all of the experimental data was obtained using Ergun [1]
equation, with mean absolute deviation of 10.90%. Ergun`s equation gave
somewhat better results in correlating the data at ambient temperature with
mean absolute deviation of 9.77%, while correlation of the data at elevated
temperatures gave mean absolute deviation of 12.38%. The vast majority of the
correlations used gave better results when applied to ambient temperature
data than to the data at elevated temperatures. Based on the results
obtained, Ergun [1] equation is proposed for friction factor calculation both
at ambient and at elevated temperatures.
Ascending in Utero Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in an Initially Healthy-Appearing Premature Infant
Authors: Edwards Morven S. , Popek Edwina J. , Wise Brittany , Hatzenbuehler Lindsay , Arunachalam Athis R. , Hair Amy B.
Published: December 2014

The usual route of acquisition for intrauterine herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is transplacental. We evaluated a premature infant with in utero acquisition of HSV resulting from ascending infection. Histopathologic evidence of chronic chorioamnionitis and positive staining with immunohistochemistry for HSV in the placenta and umbilical cord established the diagnosis. The clinical presentation was also of interest in that the infant was initially healthy appearing.
Comparison of radiographic and computed tomographic images of the lungs in healthy neonatal foals
Authors: Schliewert Eva-Christina , Lascola Kara M. , O'Brien Robert T. , Clark-Price Stuart C. , Wilkins Pamela A. , Foreman Jonathan H. , Mitchell Mark A. , Hartman Susan K. , Kline Kevin H.
Published: December 2014

OBJECTIVE To compare CT and radiographic images of the lungs in sedated healthy foals positioned in sternal recumbency and to investigate whether a relationship exists between CT-derived measurements of lung attenuation and Paco2 and Pao2.

ANIMALS 6 healthy Standardbred foals < 14 days of age.

PROCEDURES Thoracic CT images were acquired followed by radiographic views with each foal sedated and positioned in sternal recumbency. For each foal, both CT and radiographic images were evaluated for severity and extent of changes by lung regions on the basis of a subjective scoring system by 3 investigators. Quantitative analysis of CT images was also performed. Assessments of Pao2 and Paco2 were performed before sedation, following sedation prior to CT, and after CT prior to radiography.

RESULTS Interobserver agreement for CT and radiographic image scoring was strong (0.73) and fair (0.65), respectively; intraobserver agreement was near perfect for CT (0.97) and radiographic (0.94) image scoring. Increased CT attenuation and radiographic changes were identified for all foals and were preferentially distributed in the caudoventral portion of the lungs. Radiographic scores were significantly lower than CT image scores. A positive correlation (r = 0.872) between lung attenuation and CT image score was identified. A significant increase in Paco2 was not considered clinically relevant. Significant changes in Pao2 were not observed.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that interpretation of CT images may be less subjective, compared with interpretation of radiographic images. These findings may aid in the evaluation of CT and radiographic images of neonatal foals with respiratory tract disease.
Study the effect of sodium nitrite as a green corrosion inhibitor for the sputter-deposited tungsten-based ternary alloys in 0.5 M NaCl solution
Authors: Pokharel Durga Bhakta , Subedi Dhruba Babu , Bhattarai Jagadeesh
Published: December 2014

Effects of sodium nitrite on the corrosion resistance and mechanism of the sputter-deposited W-80Cr-10Zr and W-42Cr-5Ni alloys were studied using corrosion tests and open circuit potential (OCP) measurements in 0.5 M NaCl solution, open to air at 25ºC. The corrosion resistance property of the W-80Cr-10Zr and W-42Cr-5Ni alloys was enhanced by the use of environmental friendly corrosion inhibitor of sodium nitrite. Higher corrosion resistance property and passivation behavior was observed for the W-42Cr-5Ni alloy than that for the W-80Cr-10Zr alloy based on the corrosion rate and OCP measurements. Adsorption process obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm to explain the corrosion inhibition mechanism of the alloys by sodium nitrite solution. The standard free energy change of adsorption of sodium nitrite on the W-80Cr-10Zr and W-42Cr-5Ni alloys was found to be -23.70 KJ/mole and -23.38 KJ/mole, respectively which suggested that sodium nitrite is strongly adsorbed on the surfaces of the alloy surfaces by physical adsorption, not by the chemisorption. As a result the corrosion resistance property of the alloys was significantly increased with increasing the sodium nitrite concentration. From the OCP measurement, it is concluded that sodium nitrite acts as an anodic corrosion inhibitor, because the OCPs of the alloys in presences of the corrosion inhibitors were shifted to more positive direction with increasing the concentration of sodium nitrite in 0.5 M NaCl solution open to air at 25ºC.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v12i0.11670BIBECHANA 12 (2015) 1-12
Implementation of designed jigs and fixtures for hand operated press in production of mainframe for paddy-weeder
Authors: Shrivastava Ankitesh , Ganguly S. K. , Verma Ajay
Published: December 2014

The main purpose of paddy weeder is to dislocate the weeds present in paddy fields. The operation, when done manually causes drudgery in workers, which in turn reduces their efficiency in fields. Paddy weeder proved to be efficient enough to perform the work manually with less efforts & time consumed. The product was being manufactured by traditional methods, i.e. without implementation of jigs & fixtures. The paper presents a procedure for inclusion of designed & developed jigs and fixtures in the production of paddy weeder, and hence fulfills the need of mass production. The designed jigs proved quite efficient & were helpful in reduction of 50 % in welding operations performed. Hence, it is helpful in enabling mass production.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v12i0.11672BIBECHANA 12 (2015) 104-113
Simplified approach to DFT computation for nonprogrammable scientific calculators
Authors: Yasin Mohd Yusuf
Published: December 2014

Fourier analysis is an important tool used as it is or it’s different variants in many fields of sciences and engineering. It’s importance is due to it’s simplicity with which it expands a given function in terms of circular or complex exponents. Further it is quite versatile to handle many functions of practical interest, specifically, the functions with several mathematical disabilities that are hard to be handled with tools like Taylor series. Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is a form of Fourier analysis where the discrete function and it’s transform are both of finite length. This processing requires lot many computations. Here in this work a simplified and non programmable calculator based scheme is presented with which one can easily determine the DFT of the given function by feeding in the DFT equation once and a few presses of the calculator keys.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v12i0.11681BIBECHANA 12 (2015) 13-19
Impact of eigenvalues on the electron-phonon coupling strength of aluminium and its binary alloys
Authors: Kantha B. K. , Chakrabarti S. K. , Jha I. S. , Singh B. P.
Published: December 2014

Aluminium is a third group element according to the periodic table. Chemically it is a reactive metal often forming complexes within its binary alloys. In the present work we have dealt with the impact of eigenvalues on the superconducting state parameter viz. the electron-phonon coupling strength of this metal. We have also dealt with the same for two binary alloys of it viz. aluminium-magnesium and aluminium-zinc. For this purpose we have computed the non-local screened form factor for each of them. Initially the orthogonalised plane wave parameter has been taken as unity. Thereafter Vashishta-Singwi form of exchange and correlation is employed. The core energy eigenvalues of Herman-Skillman have been used. Our results are quite satisfactory for the metal as well as its present alloys. Our computation reveals that the superconducting state parameter can be reasonably reproduced by Harrison’s first principle pseudopotential technique along with McMillan’s formalism provided a proper choice of the core energy eigenvalues is made.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v12i0.11699BIBECHANA 12 (2015) 35-39
Study of size mismatches effect on transport properties in Cu-Sb and Cu-Sn liquid alloys
Authors: Singh B. P. , Singh B. K. , Jha I. S. , Shrestha G. K. , Koirala I. , Adhikari D.
Published: December 2014

We report a formalism that connects thermodynamics and transport properties such as viscosity and diffusion coefficient which has been used to calculate the concentration dependence of free energy of mixing, concentration-concentration fluctuations in the long wavelength limit and concentration dependence of diffusion and viscosity in Cu-Sb and Cu-Sn binary liquid alloys at 1190K and 1400K respectively with aid of size effect and no size effect. Our calculations show that a reasonable degree of chemical order exists in both alloys system. It can be concluded that size mismatch has more effects on the transport properties of Cu-Sb hetero-coordinated system with greater size ratio than Cu-Sn hetero-coordinated system.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v12i0.11781BIBECHANA 12 (2015) 96-103