bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modified medial minimally invasive double-plating osteosynthesis techniques for the treatment of distal third diaphyseal fracture of humerus
Authors: Ye Youyou , Lin Yanbin , Wu Chunling , Zhu Yunzhe
Published: December 2023

The optimal surgical approach and placement of plates for the treatment of distal third diaphyseal fracture of the humerus are the subjects of debate. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of modified medial minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) techniques using a double technique for the treatment of distal third diaphyseal fracture of the humerus. A total of 30 patients with a distal third diaphyseal fracture of the humerus were selected from our hospital. Patients were seen between January 2017 and October 2022. They were treated with a modified medial approach combined with MIPO using a double plate technique. Patient demographics, operation time, bleeding volume, union time, complications, the mean fracture length (FL) and distal cortical length (DCL), and the number of screws in the distal fragment were analyzed. The function of the shoulder and elbow was evaluated using Neer’s assessment of the shoulder and Mayo’s assessment of the elbow. The FL was 56.1 ± 7.2 mm and the DCL was 38.3 ± 5.3 mm. The mean operative time was 84.8 ± 13.4 min (range 60–110 min). The mean blood loss during surgical treatment was 46.5 ± 10.2 ml (range 30–60 ml). Bone healing was observed in all patients from 10 to 16 weeks (average 12.1 ± 1.7) postoperatively, and one case with poor surgical wound healing was recorded. All the patients had good function of both the shoulder and elbow. The maximum flexibility of the elbow ranged from 130° to 145° (average 138.1 ± 4.8°), with a maximum flexibility straightness ranging from 0° to 5° (average 2.2 ± 1.3°). The Mayo elbow joint function score was 80–100 (average 91.4 ± 5.0). The Neer shoulder joint function score ranged from 85 to 100 (average 92.5 ± 3.9). The modified medial approach was beneficial it did not cause any iatrogenic radial nerve or ulnar nerve injuries. The anterior and the medial side plates are fixed perpendicular to the distal humerus and provide excellent stability at the same time producing better shoulder and elbow joint function.
Long-term surgical outcomes of pediatric cataract—multivariate analysis of prognostic factors
Authors: Oshika Tetsuro , Endo Takao , Kurosaka Daijiro , Matsuki Naoko , Miyagi Mai , Mori Takafumi , Nagamoto Toshiyuki , Negishi Kazuno , Nishina Sachiko , Nomura Koji , Unoki Noriyuki , Yoshida Shigeo
Published: December 2023

We assessed the 10-year postoperative outcomes of pediatric cataract patients who underwent surgery at the age of 6 years or younger. A retrospective review of medical charts was conducted for 457 eyes of 277 patients, with the age at surgery averaging 1.3 ± 1.5 years (mean ± SD) and the follow-up duration averaging 12.8 ± 2.4 years (ranging from 10 to 17 years). The cohort included 250 eyes of 125 cases with bilateral aphakia (age at surgery 0.5 ± 0.8 years), 110 eyes of 55 cases with bilateral pseudophakia (1.9 ± 1.6 years), 42 cases with unilateral aphakia (1.1 ± 1.3 years), and 55 cases with unilateral pseudophakia (2.6 ± 1.7). A forward stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the best-corrected visual acuity at the final visit was significantly associated with laterality of cataract (with bilateral cases showing better results compared to unilateral cases), presence of systemic comorbidities, presence of ocular comorbidities, development of glaucoma, and phakic status (with better results in the pseudophakia group than the aphakia group). The age at surgery did not significantly affect visual acuity outcomes. A multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the incidence of secondary glaucoma was significantly linked to younger age at surgery, phakic status (higher in aphakic than pseudophakic eyes), and presence of systemic comorbidities. In conclusion, after pediatric cataract surgery, final visual acuity was better in patients with bilateral cataracts, those treated with an intraocular lens, and cases without systemic or ocular comorbidities and secondary glaucoma. The development of secondary glaucoma was linked to younger age at surgery, aphakic status, and presence of systemic comorbidities.
Development of the RIKEN database for dynamic facial expressions with multiple angles
Authors: Namba Shushi , Sato Wataru , Namba Saori , Nomiya Hiroki , Shimokawa Koh , Osumi Masaki
Published: December 2023

The development of facial expressions with sensing information is progressing in multidisciplinary fields, such as psychology, affective computing, and cognitive science. Previous facial datasets have not simultaneously dealt with multiple theoretical views of emotion, individualized context, or multi-angle/depth information. We developed a new facial database (RIKEN facial expression database) that includes multiple theoretical views of emotions and expressers’ individualized events with multi-angle and depth information. The RIKEN facial expression database contains recordings of 48 Japanese participants captured using ten Kinect cameras at 25 events. This study identified several valence-related facial patterns and found them consistent with previous research investigating the coherence between facial movements and internal states. This database represents an advancement in developing a new sensing system, conducting psychological experiments, and understanding the complexity of emotional events.
The fate of nitrogen in the Zarin-Gol River receiving trout farm effluent
Authors: Ghojoghi Altin , Ghorbani Rasoul , Patimar Rahman , Salmanmahiny Abdolrassoul , Naddafi Rahmat , Fazel Abdolazim , Jardine Timothy D.
Published: December 2023

This study investigated the Zarrin-Gol River ecosystem in Iran to trace organic matter in the food web and evaluate the impact of aquaculture farm effluent using stable isotopes of nitrogen (δ15N) and carbon (δ13C). Using a previously-developed model (Islam 2005), we estimated that a trout farm in the vicinity released 1.4 tons of nitrogen into the river. This was comparable to an estimated total nutrient load of 2.1 tons of nitrogen for the six-month fish-rearing period based on a web-based constituent load estimator (LOADEST). A model estimate of river nitrogen concentration at the time of minimum river discharge (100 L/s) was 2.74 mg/L. Despite relatively high nitrogen loading from the farm, isotope data showed typical food web structure. Several biological groups had elevated δ13C or δ15N values, but there was limited evidence for the entry of organic matter from the trout farm into the food web, with sites above and below trout farms having inconsistent patterns in 15N enrichment. By coupling nitrogen load modeling with stable isotope analysis we showed that stable isotopes might not be effective tracers of organic matter into food webs, depending on surrounding land use and other point sources of nutrients. The Zarrin-Gol River ecosystem, like other basins with high human population density, remains vulnerable to eutrophication in part due to trout farm effluent.
Static and dynamic magnetization control of extrinsic multiferroics by the converse magneto-photostrictive effect
Authors: Liparo Matthieu , Jay Jean-Philippe , Dubreuil Matthieu , Simon Gaëlle , Fessant Alain , Jahjah Walaa , Le Grand Yann , Sheppard Charles , Prinsloo Aletta R. E. , Vlaminck Vincent , Castel Vincent , Temdie-Kom Loic , Bourcin Guillaume , Spenato David , Dekadjevi David T.
Published: December 2023

Using strain to control magnetic properties through anisotropy changes is a method to create functional materials with energy efficient applications. The strain can be inferred remotely by the light-induced non-thermal dimension change of materials named the photostrictive effect. Still, the control of dynamic magnetic properties via this effect is pursued. The need of a physical quantity to encompass and to describe anisotropic magnetization changes under the photostrictive effect is also remaining. Here, the photostrictive effect with visible light is used to engineer static and dynamic magnetic properties in a multiferroic material. A converse magneto-photostrictive coupling coefficient is also proposed as a physical quantity to assess anisotropic magnetization changes under this effect. These results provide a path towards understanding light-induced magnetization changes and a potential to be used in wireless approaches for the control of magnetic properties and tunable RF/microwave devices.
Artificial transmembrane potassium transporters: designs, functions, mechanisms and applications
Authors: Yuan Xiyu , Shen Jie , Zeng Huaqiang
Published: December 2023

In this review, we provide the very first comprehensive exposition of artificial potassium transporters developed mostly over the past ten years.
Unlocking novel therapies: cyclic peptide design for amyloidogenic targets through synergies of experiments, simulations, and machine learning
Authors: de Raffele Daria , Ilie Ioana M.
Published: December 2023

Proposed de novo peptide design strategy against amyloidogenic targets. After initial computational preparation of the binder and target, the computational and experimental validation are incorporated in iterative machine learning powered cycles to generate better and improved peptide-based targets.
Intramolecular through-space charge transfer between benzofuran and ynone groups on a naphthalene spacer
Authors: Calikyilmaz Eylul , Karaoglu Gozde , Demir Mete , Şahin Onur , Ulgut Burak , Akdag Akin , Türkmen Yunus Emre
Published: December 2023

A new molecular scaffold that exhibits intramolecular through-space charge transfer has been developed with the use of benzofuran as the electron-donor and ynone as the electron-acceptor components separated by a naphthalene spacer.
Enhanced CO2 reduction with hydrophobic cationic-ionomer layer-modified zero-gap MEA in acidic electrolyte
Authors: Zhao Xueyang , Xie Hongtao , Deng Bangwei , Wang Lili , Li Yizhao , Dong Fan
Published: December 2023

A hydrophobic cationic-ionomer adlayer is constructed to enhance CO2 electroreduction with 95.6% Faradaic efficiency for MEA under acidic conditions.
Cp*Rh(iii)-catalyzed regioselective cyclization of aromatic amides with allenes
Authors: Liu Jing , Liu Deng-Yin , Yang Qian , Zeng Yao-Fu , Wang Xiao-Li , Wang Peng-Fei , Ruan Yu-Jun , Wen Miao-Miao , Zhang Shang-Shi , Du Li-da , Liu Xu-Ge
Published: December 2023

A mild reaction condition is employed for the Cp*Rh(iii)-catalyzed regioselective annulation of aromatic amides with allenes, enabling the preparation of isoquinolin-1(2H)-ones and pyrimido[1,6-a]indol-1(2H)-one.
Exploring the mechanism of graphene-oxide reduction by hydrazine in a multi-epoxide environment with DFT calculations
Authors: Hieu Nguyen Tri , Szieberth Dénes , Makkos Eszter
Published: December 2023

We studied the limitations of the hydrazine reduction method for graphene-oxide via density functional theory. We analysed multi-epoxy arrangement reduction on finite-sized graphene-oxide models and assessed resulting structures’ thermodynamic properties.
Fabrication of multinuclear copper cluster-based coordination polymers as urease inhibitors
Authors: Duan Wen-Long , Wang Kai-Tong , Yan Feng , Luan Jian
Published: December 2023

Two polynuclear Cu-based coordination polymers were synthesized and they served as urease inhibitors. Kinetic analysis and molecular docking techniques theoretically compare, explain and prove the inhibitory effects of Cu-CPs on urease activity.
Unlocking the catalytic potential of gold(ii) complexes: a comprehensive reassessment
Authors: Pérez-Sánchez Juan Carlos , Herrera Raquel P. , Concepción Gimeno M.
Published: December 2023

This perspective highlights the potential of gold(ii) complexes in catalysis, shedding light on the pivotal roles played by mononuclear and dinuclear gold(ii) complexes, whether as isolated entities or proposed intermediates, in catalytic reactions.
Optimizing electronic synergy of atomically dispersed dual-metal Ni–N4 and Fe–N4 sites with adjacent Fe nanoclusters for high-efficiency oxygen electrocatalysis
Authors: Meng Haibing , Wu Bin , Zhang Dantong , Zhu Xuhai , Luo Songzhu , You Ya , Chen Kai , Long Juncai , Zhu Jiexin , Liu Liping , Xi Shibo , Petit Tristan , Wang Dingsheng , Zhang Xian-Ming , Xu Zhichuan J. , Mai Liqiang
Published: December 2023

The electronic synergy of Fe nanoclusters and Ni/Fe–N4 single-atomic sites optimizes the adsorption/desorption of oxygenated intermediates and reduces the energy barrier of the oxygen electrocatalysis, boosting the Zn–air batteries performance.
The aggregation of casein micelles induced by Ca2+ during in vitro digestion: effects on the release of loaded anthocyanins
Authors: Ren Jinbo , Liao Minjie , Li Kaixin , Chen Fang , Hu Xiaosong , Ma Lingjun , Ji Junfu
Published: December 2023

Serum Ca2+ dominates the reconstitution of dissociated CCP and the gastric aggregation of the ACNs–micellar casein delivery system. The release pattern in the intestine can be regulated by simply adjusting the droplet size of spray freeze drying.
Recent advances in nitrogen-doped graphene-based heterostructures and composites: mechanism and active sites for electrochemical ORR and HER
Authors: Saini Reena , Naaz Farha , Bashal Ali H. , Pandit Ashiq Hussain , Farooq Umar
Published: December 2023

Role of different strategies in improving active sites of N-doped graphene based electrocatalysts for sustainable energy.
Direct quantification of femtogram per liter (fg L−1) level 90Sr in rainwater using thermal ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Aoki Jo , Takagai Yoshitaka
Published: December 2023

This paper proposes the direct quantification of radioactive strontium-90 at femtogram per liter levels using isotope dilution-thermal ionization mass spectrometry with effective preconcentration of rainwater.
Targeted color design of silver–gold alloy nanoparticles
Authors: Traoré N. E. , Spruck C. , Uihlein A. , Pflug L. , Peukert W.
Published: December 2023

Mathematical, data-driven optimization of a green synthesis route for silver–gold alloy nanoparticles, controlling optical properties without a known formation mechanism.
Ruthenium/HI-catalyzed direct hydromethylation of indoles and quinolines in DME
Authors: Gao Pengxiang , Wang Zheng , Chang Ruotong , Li Wei , Zhao Ziwei , Fu Dexin , Liu Qingbin
Published: December 2023

The ruthenium/HI-catalyzed hydromethylation of 21 N-heterocycle compounds in one-pot to give excellent yields and a mechanism was proposed.
Solution-processed filamentous copper phthalocyanine films for enhanced NO2 gas sensing at room temperature
Authors: Cui Ziyang , Wang Lu , Zhu Yangyang , Zhang Yiqun , Wang Li Juan
Published: December 2023

Here, the facile strategy of preparing filamentous copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) based gas sensors using a solution method was studied. Electrical and gas sensitive properties of filamentous CuPc films transistors were studied in detail.
Engineering improved strategies for spinel cathodes in high-performing zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Yuan Jingjing , Li Yifan , Xu Hui , Qiao Yifan , He Guangyu , Chen Haiqun
Published: December 2023

A review of the recent advances of spinel materials used for aqueous Zn-ion batteries, with special focus on engineering-improved strategies, is provided.
Pre-phase transition of a Cu2−xS template enables polymorph selective synthesis of MS (M = Zn, Cd, Mn) nanocrystals via cation exchange reactions
Authors: Zhang Yan , He Shaobo , Zhang Qingxia , Zhang Hongtao , Zhou Jinchen , Yang Xing , Wei Qinhong , Chen Lihui
Published: December 2023

A pre-phase transition of covellite CuS into hcp Cu1.94S and ccp Cu1.8S by two reducing agents was reported and subsequent polymorphic synthesis of wurtzite and zinc blende MS (M = Zn, Cd, Mn) nanocrystals via a cation exchange reaction was developed.
Ethanol combustion-assisted fast synthesis of tri-metal oxides with reduced graphene oxide for superior overall water splitting performance
Authors: Zou Zehua , Zheng Zhenan , Chen Yingyu , Shao Yong , Zheng Xuan , Zhao Chuan , Wang Qingxiang
Published: December 2023

Developing rapid and cost-effective methods for preparing electrocatalysts with high efficiency in water splitting is a critical issue in the field of hydrogen production.
First principles investigation of halide based Rb2NaGaZ6 (Z = Br, I) double perovskites for energy harvesting applications
Authors: Alburaih Huda A. , Mustafa Ghulam M. , Nawaz Pakeeza Aymen , Saba Sadaf , Noor N. A. , Mahmood Asif , Sharma Ramesh
Published: December 2023

Crystal structure, band structure, variation of real part of dielectric constant and figure of merit of K2YAg(Br/I)6 double perovskites.
Precise activation of C–C bonds for recycling and upcycling of plastics
Authors: Ran Hongshun , Zhang Shuo , Ni Wenyi , Jing Yaxuan
Published: December 2023

The critical task of activating and cleaving inert C–C bonds during plastic upcycling and recycling holds substantial importance.
Structural characterization of solvent-based food preparation of jellyfish
Authors: Pedersen Mie T. , Vilgis Thomas A. , Brewer Jonathan R. , Hansen Per L. , Clausen Mathias P.
Published: December 2023

Jellyfish were soaked in aqueous mixed solvents (ethanol or acetone) and were found to undergo gel collapse below a critical solvent polarity. Strong gel collapse resulted in both microstructural re-arrangements and mechanical reinforcement.
Structured soft particulate matters for delivery of bioactive compounds in foods and functioning in the colon
Authors: Zhong Qixin , Reyes-Jurado Fatima , Calumba Kriza Faye
Published: December 2023

The colon structure, factors significant to gut health, the fate of diet digesta entering the colon, and the functions of delivery systems in the colon.
Inferring biophysical properties of membranes during endocytosis using machine learning
Authors: Lin Zhiwei , Mao Zhiping , Ma Rui
Published: December 2023

We combine machine learning with the Helfrich theory of membranes to infer the mechanical properties of membranes during endocytosis from a dataset of membrane shapes extracted from electron tomography.
Visible-light-driven oxygen reduction by an anisotropically crystallized CuBi2O4 photocathode fabricated using a mixed metal-imidazole casting method
Authors: Sekine Ryohei , Sato Tetsuya , Zahran Zaki N. , Tsubonouchi Yuta , Chandra Debraj , Hoshino Norihisa , Yagi Masayuki
Published: December 2023

An anisotropically crystallized CuBi2O4 (CuBi2O4(w)) film adhering rigidly on a fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode was prepared by a mixed metal-imidazole casting (MiMIC) method using 1-methylimidazole (MeIm).
Crystal transformation of metal–organic frameworks to boost visible-light photocatalysis via amine adsorption
Authors: Liu Xin , Guo Zhifen , Che Yan , Li Mengying , Liu Xingbing , Cui Fengchao , Xing Hongzhu
Published: December 2023

A novel metal–organic framework (MOF) photocatalyst was synthesized via crystal transformation. It exhibited intrapore adsorption of organic amine due to host–guest interaction, resulting in high-efficiency amine-triggered perfluoroalkylation.
Sensitive monitoring of NAD(P)H levels within cancer cells using mitochondria-targeted near-infrared cyanine dyes with optimized electron-withdrawing acceptors
Authors: Arachchige Dilka Liyana , Dwivedi Sushil K. , Waters May , Jaeger Sophia , Peters Joe , Tucker Daniel R. , Geborkoff Micaela , Werner Thomas , Luck Rudy L. , Godugu Bhaskar , Liu Haiying
Published: December 2023

Probes A and B were developed for NAD(P)H sensing, exhibiting responsive near-infrared emissions with minimal photodamage and effective tissue penetration. Probes C, D, and E showed reduced responsiveness to NAD(P)H.
The application of nanoparticles based on ferroptosis in cancer therapy
Authors: Li Yifei , Wei Chen , Yan Jianqin , Li Fashun , Chen Bohan , Sun Yong , Luo Kui , He Bin , Liang Yan
Published: December 2023

The application of nanoparticles based on ferroptosis in cancer therapy.
A remarkable high entropy effect on the magnetic behaviour of quadruple perovskites
Authors: Das Radhamadhab , Chowdhury Shreyashi , Supin K. K. , Vasundhara M. , Gayen Arup , Seikh Md. Motin
Published: December 2023

Replacement of A-site La by 5-Ln results in a dramatic change in magnetization demonstrating the high entropy effect.
Protecting Zn anodes by atomic layer deposition of ZrO2 to extend the lifetime of aqueous Zn-ion batteries
Authors: Sun Shichen , Wen Yeting , Billings Aidan , Rajabi Roya , Wang Boyu , Zhang Kangkang , Huang Kevin
Published: December 2023

Coating of the Zn anode surface with nanoscale ZrO2 effectively regulates the growth of a surface passive layer, resulting in a low overpotential and long cycle stability.
A Fine-Grained Temporal Analysis of Multimodal Oral Diadochokinetic Performance to Assess Speech Impairment in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Rong Panying , Rasmussen Lily
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

This study used a semiautomated fine-grained temporal analysis to extract features of temporal oral diadochokinetic (DDK) performance across multiple modalities and tasks, from neurologically healthy and impaired individuals secondary to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The aims were to (a) delineate temporal oral DDK deficits relating to the neuromotor pathology of ALS and (b) identify the optimal task–feature combinations to detect speech impairment in ALS.

Method:

Mandibular myoelectric, kinematic, and acoustic data were acquired from 13 individuals with ALS and 10 healthy controls producing three alternating motion rate tasks and one sequential motion rate task. Twenty-seven features were extracted from the multimodal data, characterizing three temporal constructs: duration/rate, variability, and coordination. The disease impacts on these features were assessed across tasks, and the task eliciting the greatest disease-related change was identified for each feature. Such “optimal” task–feature combinations were fed into logistic regression to differentiate individuals with ALS from healthy controls.

Results:

Temporal deficits in ALS were characterized by (a) increased duration and variability and reduced coordination of jaw muscle activities, (b) increased duration and variability and altered temporal symmetry of jaw velocity profile, (c) increased muscle-burst-to-peak-velocity duration, and (d) increased motion-to-voice onset duration. These temporal features were differentially affected across tasks. The optimal task–feature combinations, which were further clustered into three composite factors reflecting temporal variability, coarser-grained duration, and finer-grained duration, differentiated ALS from controls with an F1 score of 0.86 (precision = 1.00, recall = 0.75).

Conclusions:

Temporal oral DDK deficits are likely attributed to a hierarchy of interrelated neurophysiological and biomechanical factors associated with the neuromotor pathology of ALS. These deficits, as assessed crossmodally, provide previously unavailable insights into the multifaceted timing impairment of oromotor performance in ALS. The optimal task–feature combinations targeting these deficits show promise as quantitative markers for (early) detection of speech impairment in ALS.
Precision positioning control of wind tunnel centrosome
Authors: Liu Lin , Yuan Ping , Mao Zhizhong
Published: December 2023

The centrosome plays a crucial role in regulating the flow field of a continuous wind tunnel, and its positioning precision directly impacts the control accuracy of the Mach number. A high‐precision positioning control algorithm for the wind tunnel centrosome is proposed based on a model predictive control framework. Since that the centrosome is a typical non‐linear system with a Hammerstein structure comprising an input backlash and a linear dynamic block in series, a parameterized least‐squares identification method is constructed based on an adaptive forgetting factor strategy and a centrosome position prediction model with input backlash is established. To counteract the weakening effect of the backlash non‐linear block on the control signal, a compensator is constructed to compensate for the non‐linear input block. Considering that the input undetectable disturbance signal in the actuator may lead to unpredictable responses, an intermediate state observer is designed and the stable convergence of the observer algorithm is also proved. Finally, the closed‐loop stability of the proposed control algorithm is analyzed by constructing a Lyapunov function. Experimental testing verifies the superiority and applicability of the proposed algorithm.
Protein engineering in the computational age: An open source framework for exploring mutational landscapes in silico
Authors: Bamezai Shirin , Maresca di Serracapriola Giovanni , Morris Freya , Hildebrandt Rasmus , Amil Marc Augustine Sojerido ,   Sporadicate iGEM Team, Ledesma‐Amaro Rodrigo
Published: December 2023

The field of protein engineering has seen tremendous expansion in the last decade, with researchers developing novel proteins with specialised functionalities for a range of uses, from drug discovery to industrial biotechnology. The emergence of computational tools and high‐throughput screening technology has substantially sped up the process of protein engineering. However, much of the expertise required to engage in such projects is still concentrated in the hands of a few specialised individuals, including computational biologists and structural biochemists. The international Genetically Engineered Machine (iGEM) competition represents a platform for undergraduate students to innovate in synthetic biology. Yet, due to their complexity, arduous protein engineering projects are hindered by the resources available and strict timelines of the competition. The authors highlight how the 2022 iGEM Team, ‘Sporadicate’, set out to develop InFinity 1.0, a computational framework for increased accessibility to effective protein engineering, hoping to increase awareness and accessibility to novel in silico tools.
Two‐objective train operation optimization based on eco‐driving and timetabling
Authors: Wang Xiaowen , Feng Xiaoyun , Sun Pengfei , Wang Qingyuan
Published: December 2023

In urban railway systems, the timetable guides the section operation of the single train and the arrangement of the train group to meet the dual needs of cost and passengers. This paper proposes a two‐objective train operation optimization based on eco‐driving and timetabling to restore a more realistic scene, including a method level and an objective level. For the method level, the speed curve optimization of the single train and the timetable optimization of the train group are adopted jointly. For the objective level, both the total energy consumption of the train group and the consuming time of passengers are considered. A hybrid solution strategy based on quadratic programming and improved artificial bee colony algorithm is proposed. A hardware‐in‐the‐loop platform is built to carry out validation experiments. Both the cases in general hours and special hours are verified based on the actual data from Beijing Metro Line 15. The results show that both the energy consumption and the passenger consuming time are reduced simultaneously. Correspondingly, the speed curve and the time distribution of the timetable are individually optimized based on the fluctuating passenger flow.
A segmented‐region optimum EPS modulation scheme based on unified parameter algorithm in DAB‐based EV charger circuit
Authors: Tian Jiachen , Wang Feng , Zhuo Fang , Liu Yuxin , Deng Haotian
Published: December 2023

Due to galvanic isolation, bidirectional power transmission and extensive voltage adjustment, dual active bridge (DAB) exerts significant interface between renewable sources and electric vehicle (EV) storage port. However, for DAB operations, under light load or high voltage gain conditions, minimization of root‐mean‐square (RMS) current (MRMS) causes a restricted soft‐switching range. With variations of output power and operation modes, maintenance for all switches ZVS operation is difficult to maintain. Therefore, here, a segmented‐region optimum modulation (SROM) scheme based on extended‐phase‐shift (EPS) control is proposed to solve the aforementioned problems and solve complicated coupled relationship among different optimization methods. Firstly, based on voltage gain and transmission power, all EPS modes are divided clearly. Then, for switching loss reduction, fully‐power‐range ZVS (FZVS) is realized through transitions among EPS modes. Thirdly, either all semiconductors ZVS or not, most suitable optimization method is selected for different EPS regions by SROM. Further, to establish accurate boundaries among these optimization methods, relationship between inner phase‐shift ratio D1 and outer phase‐shift ratio D2 are quantified by unified parameter algorithm with unified parameter m. Therefore, for any EPS modes, efficiency is promoted comprehensively. A DAB‐based prototype is established and experimental results verify correctness and effectiveness of proposed method.
The relation between magnetic field inclination and the apparent motion of penumbral grains
Authors: Sobotka Michal , Jurčák Jan , Sebastián Castellanos Durán Juan , García-Rivas Marta
Published: December 2023

Context.The bright heads of penumbral filaments, penumbral grains (PGs), show apparent horizontal motions inward, toward the umbra, or outward, away from the umbra.

Aims.We aim to ascertain statistically whether the direction of PGs’ apparent motion is related to the inclination of the surrounding magnetic field.

Methods.We used spectropolarimetric observations of five sunspot penumbrae to compare magnetic inclinations inside PGs with those in their surroundings. The data were taken by three observatories: the Hinode satellite, the Swedish Solar Telescope, and the GREGOR solar telescope. The direction of PGs’ motion was determined by feature tracking. The atmospheric conditions in PGs and their surroundings, including magnetic field information, were retrieved by means of height-stratified spectropolarimetric inversions.

Results.Out of a sample of 444 inward-moving PGs and 269 outward-moving ones, we show that 43% of the inward-moving PGs have a magnetic inclination larger by 8° ±4° than the inclination in their surroundings and 51% of the outward-moving PGs have an inclination smaller by 13° ±7° than the surrounding one. The opposite relation of inclinations is observed in only one fifth of the inward- and outward-moving PGs.

Conclusions.Rising hot plasma in PGs surrounded by a less inclined magnetic field may adapt its trajectory to be more vertical, causing an inward apparent motion of PGs. Conversely, it may be dragged by a more horizontal surrounding magnetic field such that an outward apparent motion is observed.
NOEMA reveals the true nature of luminous red JWSTz> 10 galaxy candidates
Authors: Meyer R. A. , Barrufet L. , Boogaard L. A. , Naidu R. P. , Oesch P. A. , Walter F.
Published: December 2023

The first year of JWST has revealed a surprisingly large number of luminous galaxy candidates beyondz > 10. While some galaxies have already been spectroscopically confirmed, there is mounting evidence that a subsample of the candidates with particularly red inferred UV colours are, in fact, lower redshift contaminants. These interlopers are often found to be ‘HST-dark’ or ‘optically faint’ galaxies atz ∼ 2 − 6, a population that is key to improving our understanding of dust-obscured star formation throughout cosmic time. This paper demonstrates the complementarity of ground-based mm-interferometry and JWST infrared imaging to unveil the true nature of red 1.5–2.0 μm dropouts that have been selected as ultra-high-redshift galaxy candidates. We present NOEMA Polyfix follow-up observations of four JWST red 1.5–2.0 μm dropouts selected by Yan et al. (ApJ, 942, L8) as ultra-high-redshift candidates in the PEARLS-IDF field. The new NOEMA observations constrain the rest-frame far-infrared continuum emission and efficiently discriminate between intermediate- and high-redshift solutions. We report > 10σNOEMA continuum detections of all our target galaxies at observed frequencies ofν = 236 and 252 GHz, with FIR slopes indicating a redshift ofz < 5. We modelled their optical-to-FIR spectral energy distribution (SED) with multiple SED codes, finding that they are notz > 10 galaxies but dust-obscured, massive star-forming galaxies atz ∼ 2 − 4 instead. The contribution to the cosmic star formation rate density (CSFRD) of such sources is not negligible atz ≃ 3.5 (ϕ≳ (1.9 − 4.4) × 10−3cMpc−3; or > 3 − 6% of the total CSFRD), in line with previous studies of optically faint and sub-millimeter galaxies. This work showcases a new way to select intermediate- to high-redshift dust-obscured galaxies in JWST fields with minimal wavelength coverage. This approach opens up a new window onto obscured star formation at intermediate redshifts, whilst removing contaminants with red colours from searches at ultra-high redshifts.
Changes of Nutritive Elements in Soils That Medium-Supplied With Phosphorus, Depending on Fertilizers Used in Cotton Agrocenosis
Authors: Sattarov Djurakul , Mahammadiev Samad , Makhkamova Dilafruz
Published: December 2023

The aim is to increase the mobile nutrient content in the soil by applying optimal nitrogen and potassium fertilizers without the use of phosphorus fertilizers on irrigated typical gray soils moderately supplied with mobile phosphorus. Significant differences are observed in the amount of mobile phosphorus in the soil from the beginning and till the end of the vegetation. It ranged between 24.28-27.15 mg / kg in the driving layer and between 15.20-19.05 mg / kg in the sub-driving layer. The amount of N-NO3 increased during the vegetation to 29.1-34.4 mg / kg in the driving layer, N-NH4 in the driving layer changed to 3.1-4.2 mg / kg. Exchangeable potassium was found to fluctuate between 148.72–177.82 mg / kg in the driving layer at the end of the vegetation period and varied between 179.2–182.75 mg / kg in the sub-driving layer.
Maritime-Related Topics on Natural Science Learning in Independent Curriculum
Authors: Sarkity Dios , Fernando Adam
Published: December 2023

As one of the largest maritime countries in the world, education in Indonesia should be implemented by integrating the maritime context in learning. The maritime context can be integrated into science learning. This research was carried out in September 2023. This research aimed to analyze the essential material in science learning in the independent curriculum and analyze the maritime context that can be integrated into this essential material. This was a descriptive analytical research, with data collection techniques using documentation using the Independent Curriculum Document. The data was analyzed descriptively qualitatively by analyzing science learning outcomes to find essential material and then analyzing the maritime context that could be integrated into this essential material. The research results showed that materials related to biology, physics and chemistry had essential material that can be integrated into the maritime context. This shows that science learning in the independent curriculum can be implemented contextually by integrating the maritime context by linking maritime aspects that are often encountered by students in everyday life.
Analysis of the Quality of Maritime Based Teaching Modules at the Nusa Indah Teluk Bakau PAUD Post
Authors: Febri Syahputra Siregar Eko , Sarkity Dios , Fitriyah Dina
Published: December 2023

Planning is very necessary in learning. Learning planning documents in the independent curriculum are called teaching modules. It is hoped that the maritime-based teaching module can make participants recognize their environment and become problem solvers. This research aims to determine the usefulness and quality of maritime-based teaching modules as learning guidelines according to the characteristics of students and their environment. This type of research is quantitative descriptive which was carried out at the Nusa Indah Teluk Bakau PAUD Post, Gunung Kijang District, Bintan Regency. The subjects of this research were the school principal and four teachers who were asked to develop a maritime-based teaching module. The teaching modules that have been prepared are then entered into Google Drive for analysis. Data collection was carried out through analysis of the collected teaching modules with a focus on minimum components, namely learning objectives, learning activities and assessments. Overall, based on the results of the quality analysis of maritime-based teaching modules, very decent results were obtained with a score of 90% and met the criteria for quality teaching modules and were appropriate for use as learning guides at the Nusa Indah Teluk Bakau PAUD Post.
Mantra As An Alternative Treatment Process In Maritime-Based Health Of The Malay Public (Case Study: Senempek Village, Lingga District)
Authors: Kurmalasari Tety , Nuzulia Rahma , Ningsih Surya
Published: December 2023

The aim of this research is to examine or reveal the role of healing spells as an alternative health care for the community in Sinempek village. Lingga Regency, Riau Islands. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach, namely revealing the function of the mantra used by the Sinempak community as an alternative treatment. Interviews as a method of collecting data with several informants as sources. The results of research through interviews with several informants show several uses of mantras used by the Sinempak community which describe language phenomena empirically. From the results of the interview, it is clear that there are several treatments that are believed to be able to be cured through mantras, such as fever, coughing, coughing, dizziness or yellowish pallor, broken bones, bumps and bones.
What Does Statistically Factors That Influence of Vocational Teachers’ Performance in Batam as Maritime Environment?
Authors: Effendy Pohan Rustam , Hadriana Hadriana , Sumarno Sumarno
Published: December 2023

The teacher is the role model in the education unit and has a strategic role in improving the quality of education by developing an organizational culture, a comfortable work environment, and providing motivation and discipline. The research aimed to measure the impact of organizational culture, work environment, work motivation, and work discipline on the performance of school principals. Using a questionnaire on a Likert scale, 41 teachers from Batam City vocational high schools were surveyed. The results indicated that: (1) organizational culture had a partially significant effect on performance, with a Sig value of 0.346 > 0.05; (2) work environment had a partially significant effect, with a Sig value of 0.042 < 0.05; (3) work motivation had a partially significant effect, with a Sig value of 0.691 > 0.05; (4) work discipline had a partially significant effect, with a Sig value of 0.280 > 0.05; (5) the independent variables significantly influenced the dependent variable, with a Sig value of 0.000 < 0.05; (6) the independent variable accounted for 36.1% of the variance in the dependent variable, while 63.9% was influenced by other variables, with an adjusted R Square value of 0.361 or 36.1%. Therefore, it can be concluded that all variables studied significantly impacted the performance of school principals. The research employed quantitative methods to answer the research questions and achieve its objectives.
Green agro-production as a factor of competitiveness, sustainability, efficient and ecologically safe agriculture
Authors: Teslenko Tatyana , Voronkova Valentyna , Hakova Mira
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the study is to identify the status of the development of green agro-production as a factor of competitiveness, sustainability, efficient and ecologically safe agriculture. The results of the study made it possible to analyze the problems of agricultural production and show that green agro-production is an approach to agricultural production that seeks to ensure the production of products with minimal negative impact on the environment and natural resources. In this study, the authors use the method of systemic analysis and synthesis, cross-cultural approach, and general philosophical methods that allowed to show the development of green agro-production aimed at efficient and ecologically safe agriculture. It is concluded that forming the green transformation of agro-production was carried out as a necessity to stabilize the basic situation in agriculture; the concept of green agro-production was formed as a condition for a sustainable, ecologically safe, and fair system of agricultural products, promoting people's health and preserving nature; components of green agro-production concepts aimed at effective and ecologically safe agriculture are defined; the concept of green agriculture was formed as the basis of efficient and ecologically safe agro-production.
Investments in human capital in agriculture
Authors: Yekimov Sergey , Oleksenko Roman , Vokhidova Mehri , Aytimbetov Makhsetbay , Kolokolchykova Iryna , Poltorak Anastasiia , Volosyuk Yuriy
Published: December 2023

The efficiency of the functioning of agricultural enterprises largely depends on the effective use of the labor potential available to the enterprise. Labor capital defines the basis for the formation of labor potential. Labor capital depends on the acquired skills, knowledge, and skills in the process of professional retraining, training, and self-education. At the same time , the condition for the effective realization of an individual 's labor potential is his biophysical potential , his tendency to bad habits , or vice versa , commitment to a healthy lifestyle . The efficiency of the use of labor capital largely depends on the economic conditions of the habitat, the development of the health protection system, and the promotion of a healthy lifestyle among the population. The effective use of labor capital is also closely correlated with people 's motivation . In the presence of proper motivation, a person not only performs his professional duties more efficiently, but also strives for self-education, acquisition of new skills and abilities. Stable economic growth rates are possible with effective investments in human capital. Investments in human capital create prerequisites for career growth, a decent level of remuneration and a high quality of life.
Kobalt (II) - synthesis of the coordination compound formed by quinazolin-4-on and indole fatty acids of nitrate dihydrate and study of the processes of influence on the varieties of cotton “Buxara-102”, “Namangan-77”, “Sultan”, “Unkurgan-1”, “C-6524”
Authors: Sapaev B. , Saitkulov F.E. , Abdinazarov A.B. , Nasimov Kh.M. , Isoqjonova M.
Published: December 2023

Below we would like to present for the first time the coordination compound formed by quinazolin-4-on and indole fatty acids of cobalt (II)-nitrate dihydrate, the processes affecting the root-firing system of the varieties “Buxara-102”, “Namangan-77”, “Sultan”, “Unkurgan-1”, “C-6524”. Prior to us, synthesis processes and biological effects were studied by individual individuals, and coordination compounds with these substances were not synthesized.
Hydraulic research of the operational water supply tunnel of pskom hydrousel
Authors: Arifjanov Aybek , Apakhodjaeva Tursinoy , Matkaziyev Dilshod
Published: December 2023

This article analyzes the hydraulic processes in the spillway tunnels of high-pressure hydraulic units. The conducted studies involve the examination of the spatial model of the Pskom HPP production spillway tunnel section and address one of the issues that arise during the efficient operation of high-pressure facilities: hydraulic processes in the spillway tunnel. Based on the observed studies, it can be stated that calculated values of hydraulic resistances in the diaphragms are presented. These diaphragms are designed to reduce the energy of the flow while ensuring the permeability and hydraulic efficiency of the operational discharge of water. As a result of the calculations, resistances along the length of the operational spillway and the head loss on local resistances in the diaphragm were computed, and resistance coefficients were also estimated.
Flow trajectory analysis and velocity coefficients for fluid dynamics in tubes and holes
Authors: Abdulkhaev Zokhidjon , Madraximov Mamadali , Abdujalilova Shairakhon , Mirzababayeva Saxiba , Otakulov Bakhromjon , Sattorov Abdusalom , Umirzakov Zuhriddin
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to determining the values of the flow trajectory of the water flowing through various tubes and holes depending on the pressure in front of the hole, and the flow rate coefficient is determined based on the flow parameters. Using the value of the velocity coefficients, the velocity and the force generated as a result of the velocity, the condition of the flow trajectory and the effect of the flow on various obstacles are determined.
Examining the managerial structure and operational aspects of geodesy, cartography, and cadastre production
Authors: Ganiyev Yunusali , Madumarov Baxromjon , Qosimov Lazizbek , Murodilov Xasanboy
Published: December 2023

The aim of the scientific article is to examine the managerial structure and legal basis for geodesy, cartography, and cadastre production, the main tasks and functions of the companies involved in these works, as well as how to organize current and operational production, technical and financial plans, internal entrepreneurship, the composition and structure of main funds, material and technical support of the production, the quality of labor and personnel, wage and financial motivation, estimate standards and price system, contract relations, accounting and reporting, and the economic analysis of a company’s efficiency.
Theoretical and methodological issues of creating the “ECO FERGANA” mobile application of tourist objects and resources of Fergana region
Authors: Xakimova Kamola , Abduhalilov Bekzod , Ganiyev Yunusali , Abdujabborova Mukhlisa
Published: December 2023

In this article, based on the creation, grouping and classification of a database of tourist sites and resources of the Fergana region in the ArcGIS program, an electronic map of ecotourism in the Fergana region was created, as well as issues of creation, design and methodology. A cartographic basis for managing tourism in the region according to its territorial structure has been developed. Tourist resources, development factors and objects of the Fergana region, identified on a cartographic basis, have been identified. A mobile application “Eco Fergana” has been developed, which evaluates the possibilities of using these components and forms the basis of the regional tourism organization. The appendix evaluates the bioclimatic level of tourist conditions in the region (plain, mountain and foothill areas). The map serves to determine the economic and geographical opportunities for tourism development, divide them into regions, develop new tourist routes, and attract a flow of tourists to these objects. Based on the application, the geographical location of the Fergana region, specialization, and convenience of transport routes for transferring excursion routes are shown. Based on an assessment of the potential of tourism resources (high, medium, low), the boundaries of tourist regions are identified. Based on new tourist routes of a complex type (ecological, agricultural, business, pilgrimage, historical, archaeological, extreme, recreational, gastronomic, industrial) at the regional level, these directions are highlighted on the map.