bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic Investigation of Partially Purified Paraoxonase in the Sera of Healthy Pregnant Women Compared to Women with Pregnancy Complication
Authors: Et al. Nabeel
Published: December 2019

The thermodynamic constanting of “crude and partially purified” Paraxonase(PON) was evaluated in the sera of “healthy and ectopic” pregnant women in order to characterize the reaction of PON with diethyl para-nitro phenyl phosphate as substrate.This study was performed on (17) women with ectopic pregnancy (EP) whose age between (25-55) years  and (25) normal pregnant women with  a mean age of (25 -55) years as  a control group . Samples were collected from the Medical City, AL-Yarmook and Fatema AL-Zahraa hospitals during the period from Sep.2011 to April 2012.The study included the evaluation  of “paraxonase activity, specific activity and total protein” in the (crude and partially purified) sera of EP patients & healthy subjects. The results demonstrated that there was significant decline (p≤0.05) in the activity and specific activity of PON and significant increase (p≤0.05) in the protein concentration. The study also included the evaluation of the energetic parameters: the Gibb`s free energy (ΔG) enthalpy change (ΔH), heat of activation,(ΔH*), entropy change(ΔS), temperature coefficient (Q10) and activation energy (Ea) with respect to human PON. The results indicated that there was a dramatic increase in each of the thermodynamic parameters (ΔG,Ea,ΔH,ΔS,ΔH*,Pz,Q10) for purified PON compared with enzyme in crude sera. The results indicated also that there was a dramatic increase in each of the thermodynamic parameters (ΔG, Ea, ΔH,ΔS,ΔH*,Pz,Q10) for purified PON compared with enzyme in crude sera which indicated that the purified PON suffered from the lack metals or substances that help enzyme to over come energy barrier, at the same time the purified PON(the freedom enzyme) had the greatest chance to collide and create of the favorable orientation with substrate.
Comparison of Some Suggested Estimators Based on Differencing Technique in the Partial Linear Model Using Simulation
Authors: Hussein Saja Mohammad
Published: December 2019

In this paper new methods were presented based on technique of differences which is the difference- based modified jackknifed generalized ridge regression estimator(DMJGR) and difference-based generalized  jackknifed ridge regression estimator(DGJR), in estimating the parameters of linear part of the partially linear model. As for the nonlinear part represented by the nonparametric function, it was estimated using Nadaraya Watson smoother. The partially linear model was compared using these proposed methods with other estimators based on differencing technique through the MSE comparison criterion in simulation study.
Music to improve sleep quality in adults with depression related insomnia (MUSTAFI): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lund Helle Nystrup , Pedersen Inge Nygaard , Johnsen Søren Paaske , Heymann-Szlachcinska Agnieszka Maria , Tuszewska Maryla , Bizik Gustav , Larsen Jens Ivar , Kulhay Eszter , Larsen Anelia , Grønbech Bettina Ellen , Østermark Helle , Borup Heidi , Valentin Jan Brink , Mainz Jan
Published: December 2019

Background Insomnia is a common sleep disorder for adults with depression with major impact on the quality of life. Previous trials suggest that music listening may be helpful in the treatment of sleep disturbances in healthy populations including students and elderly. In addition, small studies with clinical populations of traumatized refugees, adults with chronic insomnia and adults with depression insomnia add to the evidence base. However, the impact of music listening in the treatment of depression related insomnia is not well documented. Objective To examine the efficacy of music listening on sleep quality, symptoms of depression and quality of life in adults with depression related insomnia. Method A single center randomized controlled trial (RCT) in a two arm parallel group design is conducted and reported according to the Consort guidelines. The trial consists of an experimental group and a standard care control group. Both groups receive standard treatment for depression following Danish guidelines in an outpatient unit in psychiatry. The experimental group listen to music minimum 30 minutes at bedtime in four weeks. Discussion This study will provide information on the efficacy of music intervention as a non-pharmacological intervention in the treatment of depression related insomnia. This study will provide novel knowledge concerning music medicine as an evidence based treatment of depression in psychiatry. Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov. ID NCT03676491, registered on 19th of September 2018. Keywords: Music, insomnia, depression, sleep
Functional study of early intervention for degenerative retinopathy through hydrogel sustained release system of rhEPO
Authors: Zhang Zhimeng , Dai Hehua , Li Ruyi , Li Yuyu , Li Genlin
Published: December 2019

Background Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common cause of blindness in retinal disease. Long-lasting ocular administration is an effective therapy to delay the progression of RP. And hydrogel sustained release system may be an available and stable drug carrier in the treatment of RP.Method Hydrogel sustained release system was constructed as a drug carrier of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO). We administered retinal degenerative (rd) mice (Pdeb rd1 / Pdeb rd1 ) via subconjunctival or retrobulbar injection at postnatal 2 weeks (PN-2w), examined the mice and tested the factors of retina at two weeks after injection. Electroretinogram (ERG) was used to examine retinal function at PN-4w, western blot and q-PCR were used to test the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, iNOS and VEGFa of retina.Result Photoreceptor apoptosis were alleviated in all rhEPO administrated groups. The retinal blood supply was improved in injection groups. Compared with placebo and blank control groups, rhEPO treatment could enhance the retinal function and delay the progression of disease. Although there was no significant difference between rhEPO hydrogel and rhEPO treated group, photoreceptor apoptosis in rhEPO hydrogel group was less than that in rhEPO group, and the retinal function was better in rhEPO hydrogel group. Moreover, different routes of administration might have little effect on treatment in this research.Conclusion Early intervention can effectively control the progression of the disease. Anti-apoptosis,neuroprotection and erythropoietin of rhEPO could be useful in the treatment of RP. Hydrogel as a long-lasting drug sustained release system was stable and available, and might become a potential drug carrier in the future.
One-year follow up of pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures with bone fragments
Authors: Yang Lei , Li Lang , Yang Panyi , Tang Xueyang
Published: December 2019

Background The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and imaging outcome of pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures with bone fragments on X ray film after closed reduction and percutaneous pin fixation.Methods A retrospective review of 12 children with fragments on image after closed reduction treatment for displaced humeral supracondylar fractures (Gartland III). Primary radiographic assessment included the outcome of the fragments, post-operative Baumann angle, Carrying angle and loss of reduction. The clinical outcome included elbow range of motion, Flynn grade and other complications.Results Totally there were 460 cases of pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures (2-14 years old) treated in our center from January 2015 to January 2018, and 12 (2.6%) of the patients with bone fragments on postoperative X ray film were included. All 12 patients had bone fragments union or absorbed at 1 year after operation with good radiographic and clinical outcome. The mean Baumann angle was 15.5±4.3°, and the mean Carrying angle was 11.2±2.8°. All patients had a normal elbow range of motion, 10 patients obtained an excellent result, and 2 patients were good According to Flynn criteria. Conclusions We have good results for closed reduction and percutaneous pin fixation treatments in 12 pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures with bone fragments. The fragments were mainly absorbed or union to humerus in one year after surgery.
Effect of family member’s counseling on postnatal perceived stress in Iranian women: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: moghaddam-tabrizi fatemeh , Noorkhah Parivash
Published: December 2019

Background &Aims: Family members' support during postnatal period is so important for women and neonates health. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of counseling with family member’s on postnatal perceived stress in Iranian women.Methods: In this randomized clinical trial a group of 294 women and their husbands and family members randomly allocated into two intervention (149) and control (145) groups. Women in intervention group received involvement program. Both groups completed the Postnatal Perceived Stress Inventory, and a demographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon tests and independent t-test. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.Results: Findings revealed a significant reduction in total postnatal perceived stress (t = 8.93, p<0.001) and in it’s all subscales including fatigue (t= 6.55, p<0.001), relationship with baby (t=2.63, p<0.001), relationship with body (t= 6.43, p<0.001), feeding the baby (t= 2.16, p<0.001), future plan (t= 10.29, p<0.001) and in relationship with partner (t= 10.83, p<0.001). Conclusion: Involvement husband and family members could empower women to overcome stressors and reduce postnatal perceived stress.Keywords: Family Involvement, Postnatal Perceives Stress, Pregnancy
Performance, metabolic and hormonal responses on the peripartum of grazing beef cows supplemented during the pre-partum
Authors: Ferreira Matheus Fellipe de Lana , Rennó Luciana Navajas , Detmann Edenio , Paulino Mário Fonseca , Filho Sebastião de Campos Valadares , Moreira Samira Silveira , Martins Hudson Caio , de Oliveira Bruno Inácio Correa , Marquez Julia Avansi , Cidrine Isabela de Paula
Published: December 2019

Background: Strategies for feeding supplements during the pre-partum are usually adopted because nutritional status upon calving is the main factor to affect reproductive performance. Metabolic parameters that relate nutritional status to physiological processes can be used to better understand the effects of supplementation. This study evaluated the effects of 60-day pre-partum energy-protein supplementation on performance, metabolic and hormonal responses during the peripartum of grazing beef cows. Thirty-eight pregnant multiparous Nellore cows were assigned to a completely randomized design with two treatments: control with no supplement and supplementation on the last 60 gestation days (1.5 kg/d). Results: The supplemented cows had higher ADG during the pre-partum (P<0.10), but ADG did not differ between treatments during the postpartum. Nonsupplemented cows’ ADG did not change during these periods (P>0.10). Supplementation did not affect (P>0.10) BCS and calves’ BW upon calving on days 45 and 90, milk yield and composition (P>0.10). No differences (P>0.10) were found for forage intake and neutral detergent fiber digestibility. The intake and digestibility of CP and OM increased (P<0.10) with supplementation. An interaction occurred (P>0.10) between supplementation and peripartum days for BUN, βHB, T3 and T4. Concentration of others blood parameters significantly changed (P<0.10) along peripartum days. There was no difference in pregnancy rates and days from calving to conception among treatments (P>0.10). Conclusions: Providing energy-protein supplement for grazing Nellore cows on the last 60 d of gestation improve energy balance during pre-partum, however, no carryover effects are seen for pre-partum supplementation on post-partum physiological responses. Keywords: nutrition, metabolism, parturition, Zebu
Influence of Interleukin-18 and Interleukin-17 Receptor A gene polymorphisms on the risk of thyroid cancer among Chinese Han population
Authors: Yin Yanhai , Li Fen , Tong Liangqian , Wang Chaoqun , Liang Kun , Chen Chunru , Dai Ruqi , Yuan Bo
Published: December 2019

Background Thyroid cancer (TC) is a common endocrine pathology with an increasing incidence worldwide. It has been reported that high genetic impact is involved in the pathogenesis of TC, as well as cytokines, especially the interleukins play a crucial role in it. This study was designed to detect the association of IL-18 and IL-17RA polymorphisms with TC risk.Methods This case-control study conducted 365 TC patients and 503 healthy controls from Chinese Han population. Three selected SNPs (IL-18 rs360718, IL-18 rs1946519, and IL-17RA rs4819554) were genotyped to investigate the possible association of the polymorphisms with the risk of TC. Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) was used to analyze the interactions of SNP-SNP.Results IL-17RA rs4819554 was associated with the decreased risk of TC under dominant model (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.56-0.99, p = 0.04). IL-18 rs360718 significantly decreased the risk at age ≤ 44 years (C vs. A, OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.41-00.97, p = 0.033; CC vs. AA, OR = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.01-0.91, p = 0.040). On the contrast, among people older than 44 years, IL-18 rs1946519 (C vs. A, OR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.03-3.06, p = 0.040) shown an increased risk with TC. MDR analysis revealed a positive interaction between the SNPs.Conclusion The present study firstly demonstrated that IL-18 rs360718, rs1946519 and IL-17RA rs4819554 polymorphisms might be related to thyroid cancer. The results were significantly worthy of further validation by larger studies.
Factors leading to increased operational costs in a public hospital in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: de Souza Janaína Monique Ferreira , Pereira Adriano J , Silva Eliezer
Published: December 2019

Objectives - To quantify the operational costs of a municipal public hospital in the city of São Paulo (Brazil) and to identify factors that led to cost increases during the year of 2016 using the absorption method. Method - This was a retrospective study conducted between January and December of 2016 at Vila Santa Catarina Municipal Hospital, a public tertiary hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. Results - We identified and analyzed a total of 8702 inpatient data. Average day cost per patient was US$ 949, with a median of US$ 1,825, and a total operating cost of US$ 48,743,847. Transplant patients showed the highest median costs, while pregnant women had the lowest median costs. The cost for 6083 (69.9%) of the 8702 hospitalized patients was above the mean cost of US$3,068 registered for 2016. Age was associated with a 6.6% increase in cost for each one-year increase in age, while the cost associated with female patients was 1.1 times that of men. Patients who died in the hospital were 8 times more likely to cost more than patients who were discharged from the hospital. Oncology, transplant, and clinical-surgical patients had 18.8 times (p <0.001), 15.8 times (p <0.001) and 13.7 times (p <0.001) the cost of patients in the maternity unit, respectively. Conclusion - We identify the operating costs of the Vila Santa Catarina Municipal Hospital, where the average cost for the operation of the unit was US$ 133.179. The cost per patient was US$ 1,825.91. We also concluded as to the second objective that the cost increase factors were age and death.
Identification and functional characterization of NbMLP28, a novel MLP-like protein 28 enhancing Potato virus Y resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: song liyun , Wang Jie , Jia Haiyan , Kamran Ali , Qin Yuanxia , Liu Yingjie , Hao Kaiqiang , Han Fei , Zhang Chaoqun , Li Bin , Li Yongliang , Shen Lili , Wang Fenglong , Wu Yuanhua , Yang Jinguang
Published: December 2019

Background: Major latex proteins (MLPs) belong to the MLP subfamily in Bet v 1 protein family and respond to both biotic and abiotic stresses, which play critical roles in plant disease resistance. As the type species of widely distributed and economically devastating Potyvirus, Potato virus Y (PVY) is one of the major constraints to important crop plants including tobacco ( Nicotiana benthamiana ) worldwide. Despite the great losses owing to PVY infection in tobacco, there is no previous study investigating the potential role of MLPs in developing resistance to viral infection.Results: In this study, for the first time we have identified and functionally analyzed the MLP-like protein 28 from N. benthamiana , denoted as NbMLP28 and investigated its role in conferring resistance to N. benthamiana against PVY infection. NbMLP28 was localized to the plasmalemma and nucleus, with the highest level in the root. NbMLP28 gene was hypothesized to be triggered by PVY infection and was highly expressed in jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway. Further validation was achieved through silencing of NbMLP28 through virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) that rendered N. benthamiana plants more vulnerable to PVY infection, contrary to overexpression that enhanced resistance.Conclusions: Taken together, this is the first study describing the role of NbMLP28 in tobacco against PVY infection and provide a pivotal point towards obtaining pathogen-resistant tobacco varieties through constructing new candidate genes of MLP subfamily.
TO THE BIOGRAPHY OF AMET OZENBASHLY
Authors: Vlasenko V. M. , Bondarenko M. O.
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the public and political activity of Amet Ozenbashly who was
one of the leaders of the Crimean Tatar national movement in the first half of the XX century. His public activity during the period of the national liberation movement (1917-1920) is characterized in the article. Amet Ozenbashly’s participation in convening and conducting the Constituent Assembly of the Crimean Tatar nation (the first Kurultai), his activity within the Directory and the Central Committee of the Crimean Tatar national party “Milliy Fyrqa” is also emphasized in the work. A. Ozenbashly didn’t immigrate after the defeat of the national revolution. At the beginning of the 1920s he participated in the establishment of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic and was the member of its Central Executive Committee. He also held the position of the headmaster in the Crimean pedagogical college, the Deputy People’s Commissar of Finance; he practiced as a neurologist in Simferopil and was engaged in the literature activity. He was repressed in 1928. He was sentenced to death but his verdict was changed to 10 years of imprisonment. He was released from prison prematurely in 1934.
A. Ozenbashly’s activity during the period of the German occupation is characterized in
the study. He wrote the memorandum about the collaboration with the German although the document was not manifested. He made covert public statements against the collaboration with the German. He urged the Crimean Tatars to choose the third way (neither Hitlerism nor Stalinism) and value their own national interests above all. Because of risk of being arrested he had to hide.
According to H. Porokhovsky’s (the former colonel of the UNR army, the leader of the
Ukrainian military emigration in Romania, the employee of the Romanian special information service) archive-investigation file A. Ozenbashly moved to Odesa and then to Romania with his assistance. Being in this Balkan country he established linkages with the leaders of the Crimean Tatar emigration in Turkey, helped the refugees from the Crimea to settle in Romania and got ready to move to Istanbul. However he was arrested and repressed by the Soviet intelligence agency for the second time in spring 1945.
Key words: Amet Ozenbashly, the Crimea, the Crimean Tatars, Milliy Fyrqa, Romania,
Hnat Porokhovsky.
The Artist as Facilitator: Being present with & loving the unknown
Authors: Beitiks Meghan Moe
Published: December 2019

Object-Oriented Ontology presents stark implications for the process of the artist. If all matter is alive, then all things are co-performers, and all art becomes performance. How does one work with the presence of the non-human, and what are the ethical implications of attempting to attune to its needs? Beginning with the object of a table, and considering it within both Graham Harman's discussion of "The Third Table" and the thing as a performing object, Meghan Moe Beitiks analyzes the presence of the non-human in performance and asserts a need for awareness, consideration and love in the creative process.
Low-Income Workers, Residential Location, and the Changing Commute in the United States
Authors: Blumenberg Evelyn , King Hannah
Published: December 2019

Numerous reports suggest that rising rents in some U.S. metropolitan areas are pushing workers to live further from their workplaces over time and contributing to lengthening commutes. Drawing on data from the last three vintages of the U.S. National Household Travel Survey (2001, 2009,
and 2017), we test whether the relationship between residential location and commute distance varies significantly between low-income and higher-income workers and has changed over time. The data show that commute distances have increased for both low- and higher-income workers with much of
the increase occurring in lower density areas. Statistical models show a strong positive relationship between living in a low-density neighbourhood and commute distance for all workers. This relationship appears stronger for low-income than higher-income workers but the strength of the relationship
has not increased over time. The findings suggest that the growth in commute distance among low-income workers is largely due to a shift in their residential location towards low-density neighbourhoods.
Calidad del huevo expendido en los comercios tradicionales y en régimen de autoservicios
Authors: Shiroma Patricia
Published: December 2019

El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar la calidad de los huevos expendidos en comercios tradicionales y en régimen de autoservicios del distrito de Miraflores. Se analizó un total de 248 huevos. De los cuales 124 provenían de comercios tradicionales (tiendas, mercado) y 124 huevos de comercios en régimen de autoservicio (hipermercado, supermercados). Se evaluaron características externas como la limpieza e integridad, grosor de la cascara, peso y tamaño del huevo.Además, características internas como el diámetro y color de la yema, la consistencia de la clara, la presencia de manchas (carne o sangre) en la clara y en la yema, la frescura del huevo. En los comercios tradicionales, se comercializaban huevos por kilo, más sucios (24,19) y con más de 17 días de almacenamiento. En los autoservicios, se comercializaban huevos envasados en maple (100%), más limpios (98,39%) y con menos días de almacenamiento (<12 días). En ambos tipos de comercios, se observaron huevos con manchas de carne y / o sangre en la clara, yema o en ambas partes del huevo. Se concluyó que los comercios tradicionales comercializan huevos de menor calidad en comparación con los autoservicios.
Identification of green marketing strategies: perspective of a developing country
Authors: Hayu Agustini Maria , Suciarto Athanasius Sentot , Bekti Retnawati Berta
Published: December 2019

Green marketing is becoming a trend, and many companies have implemented it as a strategy for winning the market. However, attention to the importance of green marketing strategies has been relatively limited compared to its importance as a viable strategy, and this happens, particularly, in developing countries. As a result, the green marketing strategies of companies in developing countries are not yet fully recognized. So, this study is intended to explore marketing practices of the selected companies in Indonesia. The research is a case study of three selected companies producing herbal medical drinks, natural spa-related beauty products, and natural coloring fabric. They were selected for several reasons: producing of green products, conducting of green practices, and marketing the products abroad. In-depth interview of the owner or in-charged manager of each company was used to obtain the data about its marketing practices. The data were then classified into four Ps of marketing mix, and interrelationship concepts generated from the data were systematically identified using NVivo to get clear picture of their marketing strategy. The results indicated that the companies undertook only quasi green marketing: dealt with green product and conducted green practices but did not apply green pricing, green distribution, and green promotion. This brings implication for companies marketing a green product to take advantage by differentiating their product based on the green characteristics of the product. This study also contributes to knowledge about green marketing strategy in a developing economy that is still limited.
Brand activism and millennials: an empirical investigation into the perception of millennials towards brand activism
Authors: Shivakanth Shetty A. , Belavadi Venkataramaiah Nagendra , Anand Kerena
Published: December 2019

The reckless pursuit of social, environmental, political and cultural issues and brands may alienate the very customer base, whom they try to impress, especially the millennials. Hence, this study intends to study the perceptions of millennials towards brand activism, so that the findings from the study can help the brand managers to steer their brands into the troubled waters of brand activism. The methodology followed is HTAB (Hypothesize, Test, Action, Business), a popular analysis framework given by Ken Black in his book titled “Business Statistics: Contemporary Decision Making (6th ed.)” A sample comprising of 286 respondents was collected. The final data had 286 observations and 45 features across seven categories.
It was found that millennials prefer to buy a brand if it supports a cause or purpose and they stop buying if brand behaves unethically. It was also observed that there is no gender difference amongst the millennials towards their perceptions concerning brand activism. Moreover, millennials across different income categories have similar perceptions of brand activism. It was also substantiated that the emotional tie of the millennials with the brand existing for a cause goes beyond price shifts and brands taking a political stance, cherry-picking of issues and being disruptive prompts and creates profound backlash for the brands.
MORFOLOGI DAN ANATOMI Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. var. puspita nusantara dan var. tirta ayunisertaChrysanthemum indicum L.var. mustika kaniya
Authors: Dalaila Isvana , Kusrinah Kusrinah , Lianah Lianah
Published: December 2019

Chrysanthemum including ornamental plant commodities are much-loved community. Chrysanthemum has a high economic value and potential to be developed. The diversity of morphological and anatomical characters is not currently widely practiced. This study aims to determine the morphological and anatomical characteristics of C. morifolium Ramat. var. puspitanusantara, and var. tirtaayuni and C. indicum L. var. mustikakaniya. Sampling by purposive random. The study was conducted in May - June 2017 in Kenteng Village, Bandungan District, Semarang District. The results showed that the results showed that C. morifolium Ramat var. puspitanusantara and var. tirtaayuni and C. indicum L. var. mustikakaniya have variations of morphology, especially on leaves and flowers, variations in leaf organ form, and base. Variations of flowering organs include the number of flowers per stem, the number of ribbon flowers, and the freshness of the flower. Anatomical characters based on tissue arrangement of stem and leaf organs have similarities.

 
Pengaruh Kepadatan Medium MS0 terhadap Perkecambahan Biji Jagung (Zea mays L., Var.” Lokal”) secara In Vitro
Authors: Istiqhomah Saniatul , Mukaromah Arnia Sari , Rusmadi Rusmadi
Published: December 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of MS0 medium density on maize in vitro seed germination. The sample used in this study is corn kernels from local variety (Zea mays L. var. “Lokal”). This research was an experimental research with a quantitative method approach. The study used a Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) with one treatment factor that is medium density MS0 with a degree of agar concentration are 4 gram, 6 gram, 8 gram and 10 gram each concentration repeated 3 times. Data analysis uses the One Way Analysis of Variant (ANOVA) test and if it shows significant results, test continued to BNJ test (Beda Nyata Jujur). The best growth results occur at low level medium density (agar 4 gram) based on parameters days of emerged buds, plant height, number of roots, number of leaves and wet weight of corn plantlets. Uji ANOVA showed that  F value calculated 41.333 bigger than F value table that is 4.07 with significance level 0,05. This result shows that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. The results are continued with the BNJ test. BNJ test obtained significantly different results on germination of corn kernels in all treatments. The wet weight of corn plantlets has a high influence on the organs (roots, stems and leaves) of plants. If the wet weight is high, the plant growth is significant and vice versa.
Technogenic metallic elements in biomass and their effects on biomass product properties
Authors: Baltrėnaitė Edita , Baltrėnas Pranas , Huisingh Donald
Published: December 2019

Availability of clean water and sustainable management of water are among the 17 global ‘Sustainable Development Goals,’ established by the United Nations. The increasing technogenesis-related pollution causes increases the concentrations of many metallic elements (MEs) throughout the biosphere. The syngenetic bio-incorporation of MEs changes the biomass's chemical and physical composition and impacts the quality of products, e.g. biochar (BC). This has impacts upon BCs potential for adsorption of water pollutants. While direct, engineered modification of BC can improve its adsorption characteristics, the more indirect alterations of BC composition, based on syngenetic elements, also modifies BCs adsorption functionality. The objective of this study was to identify the characteristics of syngenetically accumulated MEs in ligneous biomass on the adsorptive properties of the BCs derived from such modified biomasses. The authors of this paper investigated the syngenetic pathway of MEs into the ligneous biomass and provided an overview of the forms and quantities of MEs in the biomass and their transformation to BC. The early results of the effects of syngenetic MEs on the adsorptive properties of BC from ligneous biomass are presented. The results suggest that additional syngenetical MEs result in increases in the adsorptive properties of the resultant biomass-derived BCs.
Urban agriculture as a keystone contribution towards securing sustainable and healthy development for cities in the future
Authors: Skar S. L. G. , Pineda-Martos R. , Timpe A. , Pölling B. , Bohn K. , Külvik M. , Delgado C. , Pedras C. M.G. , Paço T. A. , Ćujić M. , Tzortzakis N. , Chrysargyris A. , Peticila A. , Alencikiene G. , Monsees H. , Junge R.
Published: December 2019

Research and practice during the last 20 years has shown that urban agriculture can contribute to minimising the effects of climate change by, at the same time, improving quality of life in urban areas. In order to do so most effectively, land use and spatial planning are crucial so as to obtain and maintain a supportive green infrastructure and to secure citizens' healthy living conditions. As people today trend more towards living in green and sustainable city centres that can offer fresh and locally produced food, cities become again places for growing food. The scope of urban agriculture thereby is to establish food production sites within the city's sphere; for example, through building-integrated agriculture including concepts such as aquaponics, indoor agriculture, vertical farming, rooftop production, edible walls, as well as through urban farms, edible landscapes, school gardens and community gardens. Embedded in changing urban food systems, the contribution of urban agriculture to creating sustainable and climate-friendly cities is pivotal as it has the capacity to integrate other resource streams such as water, waste and energy. This article describes some of the current aspects of the circular city debate where urban agriculture is pushing forward the development of material and resource cycling in cities.
Kinetics of sonophotocatalytic degradation of an anionic dye nigrosine with doped and undoped zinc oxide
Authors: Kumawat Srishti , Meghwal Kiran , Kumar Sudhish , Ameta Rakshit , Ameta Chetna
Published: December 2019

The current research focuses on the photocatalytic, sonocatalytic and sonophotocatalytic degradation of nigrosine dye with nitrogen-doped and undoped zinc oxide powders. The sonophotocatalytic degradation of dye was found to occur at a higher rate than during photo- or sonocatalytic processes. Nitrogen-doped and undoped zinc oxide powders were synthesized by a wet chemical method. Further, scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), electron dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-VIS spectroscopy (UV-VIS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used for the characterization of N-doped ZnO. The kinetics of nigrosine degradation were also studied and the results indicated that the degradation kinetics of nigrosine followed the first-order kinetics. The rate constant and the percentage of degradation were found to be highest, 7.33 × 10−4 (s−1) and 92% respectively, for sonophotocatalytic process after 90 min of reaction. Due to an increase in the available surface area or active sites of the catalyst, a higher rate constant and degradation efficiency was observed in the sonophotocatalytic system than in the photocatalysis system.
Who owns the beach? Conflicts over public spaces in a tourism economy
Authors: Palmer Christian Tobler
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
As the town of Canoas has transitioned from a fishing village to a growing tourist town, the beaches have become the center of economic and cultural activities. The occupation of beaches by small scale vendors has created conflict among different groups including hotel developers, surfers, migrants, and local politicians. These groups have different aesthetics and ideas of public space, creating conflicting over what beaches should look like and how they should be used. This research analyzes the day to day practices through which different groups claim beach spaces and the ways these claims are challenged. These conflicts illustrate the struggles over environmental governance between municipal, state, and federal governments. This research contextualizes the occupation of public space in a longer legal history of land occupation and environmental protection in Brazil, examining the constant negotiations between traditional and legal systems of land rights.
Keywords: Beach. Public Spaces. Tourism. Brazil.
 
RESUMO
Desde que a cidade de Canoas passou de uma vila de pescadores para uma cidade turística crescente, as praias se tornarem o centro de atividades culturais e econômicas. Esta ocupação de praias por vendedoras criou conflitos entre diferentes grupos incluindo empresários hoteleiros, surfistas, migrantes e políticos locais. Estes grupos têm diferentes estética e ideias de espaço público, criando conflito de como as praias devem aparecer e como elas deverem ser usadas. Esta pesquisa analisa as práticas cotidianas através das quais diferentes grupos ocupam espaços de praia e como estas ocupações são contestadas. Esses conflitos ilustram a briga sobre governança ambiental entre o poder público municipal, estadual e federal. Esta pesquisa contextualiza a ocupação do espaço público em uma longa história jurídica de ocupação do terra e proteção ambiental no Brasil, examinando as constantes negociações entre os sistemas tradicionais e jurídicos de direitos à terra.
Palavras-Chave: Praia. Espaço Público. Turismo. Brasil.
Adjunctive Immunotherapeutic Efficacy of N-Formylated Internal Peptide of Mycobacterial Glutamine Synthetase in Mouse Model of Tuberculosis
Authors: Mir Shabir Ahmad , Sharma Sadhna
Published: December 2019

Background:

Host-directed therapies are a comparatively new and promising method for
the treatment of tuberculosis. A variety of host pathways, vaccines and drugs have the potential to
provide novel adjunctive therapies for the treatment of tuberculosis. In this connection, we have
earlier reported the immunotherapeutic potential of N-formylated N-terminal peptide of glutamine
synthetase of Mycobacterim tuberculosis H37Rv (Mir SA and Sharma S, 2014). Now in the present
study, we investigated the immunotherapeutic effect of N-terminally formylated internal-peptide 'f-
MLLLPD' of mycobacterial glutamine synthetase (Rv2220) in mouse model of tuberculosis.

Methods:

The N-terminally formylated peptide, f-MLLLPD was tested for its potential to generate
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in murine neutrophils. Further, its therapeutic effect alone or in
combination with anti-tubercular drugs was evaluated in mouse model of tuberculosis.

Results:

The f-MLLLPD peptide treatment alone and in combination with ATDs reduced the
bacterial load (indicated as colony forming units) in lungs of infected mice by 0.58 (p<0.01) and
2.92 (p<0.001) log10 units respectively and in their spleens by 0.46 (p<0.05) and 2.46 (p<0.001)
log10 units respectively. In addition, the observed histopathological results correlated well with the
CFU data.

Conclusion :

The results of the current study show that f-MLLLPD peptide confers an additional
therapeutic efficacy to the anti-tuberculosis drugs.
Updated Efficient Area -Carry Select Adder for Low Complexity D LATCH Configuration by disease identification in brain tumor hyper spectral image
Authors: V.V Teresa , B Anand.
Published: December 2019

Objective:

In this research work presents an efficient way Carry Select Adder (CSLA) performance and estimation. The CSLA is utilized in several system to mitigate the issue of carry propagation delay that is happens by severally generating various carries and to get the sum, select a carry because of the uses of various pairs of RCA to provide the sum of the partial section also carry by consisting carry input but the CSLA isn't time economical, then by the multiplexers extreme total and carry is chosen in the selected section.

Methodology:

The fundamental plan of this work is to attain maximum speed and minimum power consumption by using Binary to Excess-1. Convertor rather than RCA within the regular CSLA. Here RCA denotes the Ripple Carry Adder section. At the span to more cut back the facility consumption, a method of CSLA with D LATCH is implemented during this research work. The look of Updated Efficient Area -Carry Select Adder (UEA-CSLA) is evaluated and intended in XILINX ISE design suite 14. 5 tools. This VLSI arrangement is utilized in picture preparing application by concluding the cerebrum tumor discovery.

Conclusion:

In this study, medicinal pictures estimation, investigation districts in the multi phantom picture isn't that much proficient to defeat this disadvantage here utilized hyper spectral picture method is presented a sifting procedure in VLSI innovation restriction of cerebrum tumor is performed Updated Efficient Area - Carry Select Adder propagation result dependent on Matrix Laboratory in the adaptation of R2018b.
Coumarin-Fatty Acid Conjugates as Potential ERα/AKT-1 Antagonists for ER Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Selvaraj Jubie , John Jameera B.A. , Joghee Nanjan M. , Antony Justin , Wadhwani Ashish , Natarajan Jawahar
Published: December 2019

Background: :

Current drugs used for the treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer function as
anti-estrogens in the breast, in addition to Estrogen Receptor (ER) agonists in the uterus, thus elevate a woman’s
risk of developing uterine cancer. This is due to the lack of selective binding and partial agonistic effect of these
drugs towards estrogen receptors. In recent years, therefore, researchers have turned their attention towards
antiestrogens devoid of these agonist properties and thus have a mechanism of action different from the existing
drugs.

Objective::

In this context, we report here the design, development and in vitro evaluation of some novel pharmacophores
containing coumarin and fatty acid scaffolds for their anti-breast cancer activity.

Methods: :

A library of coumarin-fatty acid conjugates was designed using structure-based drug design approach.
The conjugates which have shown good in silico results were then synthesized, characterized and evaluated for
their anti-breast cancer activity by MTT assay, Apoptotic assay, Cell proliferation assay, Estrogen binding assay
and Gene expression study.

Results:

Out of the fifteen compounds screened, two compounds, SAC-2 and LNAC-2, showed good activity
with IC50 values 22µg/ml, 25μg/ml, respectively. These compounds suppressed the proliferation of ER overexpressed
MCF-7 cells, increased ERα degradation and hence inactivate the ERα pathway. ER binding assay and
gene expression RT-PCR study reveal that SAC-2 downregulated the expression of ERα receptor and AKT-1 gene.

Conclusion::

Compound SAC-2 is a good antagonist to ER and hence has a potential for treating breast cancer
and other cancers where AKT plays an important role.
Caveolin-1 Regulates CCL5 and PPARγ Expression in Nthy-ori 3-1 Cells: Possible Involvement of Caveolin-1 and CCL5 in the Pathogenesis of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Authors: Liu Baocui , Zheng Tingting , Dong Liyang , Mao Chaoming , Xu Chengcheng , Mou Xiao , Luo Xuan , Lu Qingyan , Dong Xin , Liu Jiameng , Kang Ping , Ding Chao , Xiao Yichuan , Jiang Peng
Published: December 2019

Background:

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of
the thyroid parenchyma, which ultimately leads to tissue destruction and loss of function. Caveolin-1
(Cav-1) is an essential structural constituent of lipid rafts in the plasma membrane of cells and is reported
to be significantly reduced in thyrocytes from HT patients. However, the mechanism of Cav-1
involvement in HT pathogenesis is still largely unclear.

Methods:

Cav-1 expression in thyroid tissues from HT patients and euthyroid nodular goiter tissues
was detected by immunohistochemistry staining. Cav-1 knockdown and overexpression were constructed
by lentiviral transfection in the human thyroid follicular epithelial cell (TFC) line of Nthy-ori
3-1. The mRNA expression levels of chemokines in TFCs were determined by quantitative real-time
PCR (qPCR). Cav-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) levels were analysed
by qPCR and Western blot analysis. The migration ability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells
(PBMCs) was detected by the Transwell assay.

Results:

In this study, Cav-1 and PPARγ expression was reduced in the thyroid tissues from HT patients.
In vitro experiments showed that the expressions of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5)
and migration of PBMCs were markedly increased, while the level of PPARγ was significantly decreased
after the lentivirus-mediated knockdown of Cav-1 in Nthy-ori 3-1 cells. Interestingly, pioglitazone,
a PPARγ agonist, not only upregulated PPARγ and Cav-1 proteins significantly, but also effectively
reversed the Cav-1-knockdown-induced upregulation of CCL5 in Nthy-ori 3-1 cells and reduced
the infiltration of lymphocytes.

Conclusion:

The inhibition of Cav-1 upregulated the CCL5 expression and downregulated the PPARγ
expression in TFC while pioglitazone, a PPARγ agonist, reversed the detrimental consequence. This
outcome might be a potential target for the treatment of lymphocyte infiltration into the thyroid gland
and HT development.
Development of Mucoadhesive Buccal Drug Delivery System of Propranolol Hydrochloride Using Aster ericoides Mucilage
Authors: Kaundal Ankaj , Kumar Pravin , Awasthi Rajendra , Kulkarni Giriraj T.
Published: December 2019

Aim:

The study was aimed to develop mucoadhesive buccal tablets using Aster ericoides
leaves mucilage.

Background :

Mucilages are naturally occurring high-molecular-weight polyuronides, which have been
extensively studied for their application in different pharmaceutical dosage forms.

Objective:

The objective of the present research was to establish the mucilage isolated from the leaves
of Aster ericoides as an excipient for the formulation of the mucoadhesive buccal tablet.

Method:

The mucilage was isolated from the leaves of Aster ericoides by maceration, precipitated with
acetone and characterized. Tablets were prepared using wet granulation technique and evaluated for various
official tests.

Results:

The mucilage was found to be non-toxic on A-431 and Vero cell lines. It was insoluble but
swellable in cold and hot water. The results indicate that mucilage can form a three-dimensional network.
The pH of the mucilage (6.82 ± 0.13) indicated that it might be non-irritant to the buccal cavity.
The mucilage was found to be free from microbes. The release of drug was by Fickian diffusion. The in
vivo buccal tablet acceptance was 80%. No significant difference between the diastolic blood pressure of
standard and Aster tablets treated volunteer group was recorded.

Conclusion:

The mucilage was found to be non-toxic on A-431 and Vero cell lines. It was insoluble but
swellable in cold and hot water. The results indicate that mucilage can form a three-dimensional network.
The pH of the mucilage (6.82 ± 0.13) indicated that it might be non-irritant to the buccal cavity.
The mucilage was found to be free from microbes. The release of drug was by Fickian diffusion. The in
vivo buccal tablet acceptance was 80%. No significant difference between the diastolic blood pressure of
standard and Aster tablets treated volunteer group was recorded.

Other:

However, to prove the potency of the polymer, in vivo bioavailability studies in human volunteers
are needed along with chronic toxicity studies in suitable animal models.
Complex ground diagnostic system for spacecraft electromechanical devices
Authors: Korotkov E. B. , Slobodzyan N. S. , Shirobokov O. V. , Kiselev A. A. , Nadezhin M. I.
Published: December 2019

One of the ways to make spacecraft electromechanical devices much reliable is the diagnostics of their technical condition during ground tests and identification of possible defects. Authors have viewed questions of spacecraft electromechanical devices’ diagnostics. There is an overview of the state-of-the-art applied diagnostic methods with the proposed complex diagnostic method, including, apart from vibration-based diagnostics, methods of the analysis of the vector module and vector hodograph of the electric engine’s equivalent current. Authors presented spectral characteristics of vibration acceleration signals and equivalent current, as well as hodographs. They also identified generic criteria for current diagnostics. The narration includes the description and function circuit of the ground complex diagnostic system for the engine of the electric pump unit (EPU) at the spacecraft thermal control system. It also includes the software interface for the system.
Online legal platforms – the beginning of the 4.0 law practice?
Authors: Viana Pedro Petiz
Published: December 2019

The 4.0 revolution has reached the legal services industry. New online platforms are emerging to connect clients and lawyers, while also providing new and innovative legal services. Nonetheless, several questions arise regarding these new businesses: How do they fare under the Portuguese regulatory framework? Is there a need for legislative reform? And how are Bar Associations dealing with this new reality? In order to answer these questions, we analyze the characteristics of online legal platforms and their compliance with the statutes of the Portuguese Bar Association and National Law. Secondly, we examine the prohibition by the Portuguese Bar Association of online intermediation platforms, taking into consideration the ECJ’s case law related to professional orders and the EU’s competition law. Thirdly, we study the national legal framework of legal services in light of OECD’s Competition Assessment Review of Portugal. Lastly, we present the recent project by the Portuguese Competition Authority and note its similarities with the ECJ’s case law.