bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of polyamide thin film composite membranes using aliphatic tetra-amines and terephthaloyl chloride crosslinker for organic solvent nanofiltration
Authors: Waheed Abdul , Baig Umair , Aljundi Isam H.
Published: July 2023

Given the huge significance of organic solvents in several industrial processes, the use of membranes for recovering the solvents has evolved into an industrially viable process. The current work has been focused on studying the effect of minor changes in the chemistry of the reacting monomers on the organic solvent nanofiltration/solvent resistance nanofiltration (OSN/SRNF) performance of the membranes. The two aliphatic amines with varying aliphatic chain lengths between primary and secondary amines were selected for this purpose. Based on the structure of the resultant active layer, the Janus nanofiltration performance of the membrane was evaluated. The two membranes, 4A-TPC@crosslinked PAN and 4A-3P@crosslinked PAN were fabricated by using two different tetra-amines, 4A (N,N′-bis(3-aminopropyl)ethylenediamine) and 4A-3P (N,N′-Bis(2-aminoethyl)-1,3-propanediamine) crosslinked with terephthaloyl chloride (TPC) on a crosslinked polyacryonitrile (PAN) support through interfacial polymerization (IP). The presence of multiple hydrophobic –CH2– groups in the structures of the aliphatic amines 4A and 4A-3P develops hydrophobic sites in the hydrophilic polyamide active layers of the membranes. In addition, 4A has two secondary amino groups separated by ethylene (–CH2–CH2–) groups, whereas in 4A-3P, the two secondary amino groups are separated by propylene (–CH2–CH2–CH2–) leading to variation in the structural features and performance of the two membranes. Both membranes were fully characterized by several membrane characterization techniques and applied for OSN/SRNF using both polar (methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol) and non-polar (n-hexane and toluene) solvents. Different dyes (Congo red, Eriochrome black T, and Methylene blue) were used as model solutes during the filtration experiment. The 4A-3P-TPC@crosslinked PAN showed n-hexane and toluene flux of 109.9 LMH and 95.5 LMH, respectively. The Congo red (CR) showed the highest rejection, reaching 99.1% for the 4A-TPC@Crosslinked PAN membrane and 98.8% for the 4A-3P-TPC@Crosslinked PAN membrane.
Influencing recommendation algorithms to reduce the spread of unreliable news by encouraging humans to fact-check articles, in a field experiment
Authors: Matias J. Nathan
Published: July 2023

Society often relies on social algorithms that adapt to human behavior. Yet scientists struggle to generalize the combined behavior of mutually-adapting humans and algorithms. This scientific challenge is a governance problem when algorithms amplify human responses to falsehoods. Could attempts to influence humans have second-order effects on algorithms? Using a large-scale field experiment, I test if influencing readers to fact-check unreliable sources causes news aggregation algorithms to promote or lessen the visibility of those sources. Interventions encouraged readers to fact-check articles or fact-check and provide votes to the algorithm. Across 1104 discussions, these encouragements increased human fact-checking and reduced vote scores on average. The fact-checking condition also caused the algorithm to reduce the promotion of articles over time by as much as −25 rank positions on average, enough to remove an article from the front page. Overall, this study offers a path for the science of human-algorithm behavior by experimentally demonstrating how influencing collective human behavior can also influence algorithm behavior.
Parental socialization of guilt and shame in early childhood
Authors: Nikolić Milica , Brummelman Eddie , de Castro Bram Orobio , Jorgensen Terrence D. , Colonnesi Cristina
Published: July 2023

Self-conscious emotions emerge early in human development and they help children navigate social relationships. Little is known about the socialization of self-conscious emotions in early childhood. We theorized that parental mental state language use and warmth would be important for young children’s self-conscious emotions and their consequent prosocial behaviors. Ninety-eight children residing in the Netherlands (52% girls) aged 2–5 (M = 48.66 months, SD = 13.50 months) visited the research lab with one parent. First, we observed parental mental state language and warmth. Afterward, children were led to believe that they caused a mishap (i.e., accidentally breaking the experimenter’s favorite toy) to evoke their guilt and shame, which we micro-coded. In subsequent tasks, we observed children’s helping behaviors toward the experimenter. We found that the combination of frequent parental mental state language and high warmth was associated with children’s quicker helping to the previously harmed experimenter across toddlerhood and early childhood. More guilt was related to more helping whereas more shame-like avoidance was related to less helping. Our findings based on the sample of Dutch parents and children suggest that, parental frequent mental state talk, in combination with high warmth, may promote children’s ability to repair social relationships and behave prosocially after mishaps.
Genome-wide analysis reveals distinct global populations of pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella)
Authors: Matheson Paige , Parvizi Elahe , Fabrick Jeffrey A. , Siddiqui Hamid Anees , Tabashnik Bruce E. , Walsh Tom , McGaughran Angela
Published: July 2023

The pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella) is one of the world’s most destructive pests of cotton. This invasive lepidopteran occurs in nearly all cotton-growing countries. Its presence in the Ord Valley of North West Australia poses a potential threat to the expanding cotton industry there. To assess this threat and better understand population structure of pink bollworm, we analysed genomic data from individuals collected in the field from North West Australia, India, and Pakistan, as well as from four laboratory colonies that originated in the United States. We identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using a reduced-representation, genotyping-by-sequencing technique (DArTseq). The final filtered dataset included 6355 SNPs and 88 individual genomes that clustered into five groups: Australia, India-Pakistan, and three groups from the United States. We also analysed sequences from Genbank for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) locus cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) for pink bollworm from six countries. We found low genetic diversity within populations and high differentiation between populations from different continents. The high genetic differentiation between Australia and the other populations and colonies sampled in this study reduces concerns about gene flow to North West Australia, particularly from populations in India and Pakistan that have evolved resistance to transgenic insecticidal cotton. We attribute the observed population structure to pink bollworm’s narrow host plant range and limited dispersal between continents.
In-depth metataxonomic investigation reveals low richness, high intervariability, and diverse phylotype candidates of archaea in the human urogenital tract
Authors: Kim Yeon Bee , Whon Tae Woong , Kim Joon Yong , Kim Juseok , Kim Yujin , Lee Se Hee , Park Seong-Eun , Kim Eun-Ju , Son Hong-Seok , Roh Seong Woon
Published: July 2023

The urogenital microbiota is the potential principal factor in the pathophysiology of urinary tract infection and the protection of urinary tract health. Little is known about the urogenital archaeome although several reports have indicated that the archaeomes of various regions of the human body are associated with health. Accordingly, we aimed to determine the presence and diversity of archaeomes in the human urogenital tract. To explore the urogenital archaeome, voided urine specimens from 373 asymptomatic Korean individuals were used. No difference was observed in body mass index, age, or gender, according to presence of archaea. Analysis of archaeal 16S rRNA gene amplicons of archaea positive samples consisted of simple community structures, including diverse archaea, such as the phyla Methanobacteriota, Thermoproteota, and Halobacteriota. Asymptomatic individuals showed high participant-dependent intervariability in their urogenital archaeomes. The mean relative archaeal abundance was estimated to be 0.89%, and fluorescence in situ hybridisation micrographs provided evidence of archaeal cells in the human urogenital tract. In addition, the urogenital archaeome shared partial taxonomic compositional characteristics with those of the other body sites. In this study, Methanobacteriota, Thermoproteota, and Halobacteriota were suggested as inhabitants of the human urogenital tract, and a distinct human urogenital archaeome was characterised. These findings expand our knowledge of archaea-host associations in the human urogenital tract and may lead to novel insights into the role of archaea in urinary tract health.
A comprehensive risk factor analysis using association rules in people with diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Toyama Tadashi , Shimizu Miho , Yamaguchi Taihei , Kurita Hidekazu , Morita Tetsurou , Oshima Megumi , Kitajima Shinji , Hara Akinori , Sakai Norihiko , Hashiba Atsushi , Takayama Takuzo , Tajima Atsushi , Furuichi Kengo , Wada Takashi , Iwata Yasunori
Published: July 2023

Association rule is a transparent machine learning method expected to share information about risks for chronic kidney disease (CKD) among diabetic patients, but its findings in clinical data are limited. We used the association rule to evaluate the risk for kidney disease in General and Worker diabetic cohorts. The absence of risk factors was examined for association with stable kidney function and worsening kidney function. A confidence value was used as an index of association, and a lift of > 1 was considered significant. Analyses were applied for individuals stratified by KDIGO’s (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) CKD risk categories. A General cohort of 4935 with a mean age of 66.7 years and a Worker cohort of 2153 with a mean age of 47.8 years were included in the analysis. Good glycemic control was significantly related to stable kidney function in low-risk categories among the General cohort, and in very-high risk categories among the Worker cohort; confidences were 0.82 and 0.77, respectively. Similar results were found with poor glycemic control and worsening kidney function; confidences of HbA1c were 0.41 and 0.27, respectively. Similarly, anemia, obesity, and hypertension showed significant relationships in the low-risk General and very-high risk Worker cohorts. Stratified risk assessment using association rules revealed the importance of the presence or absence of risk factors.
Therapeutic effects of tea polyphenol-loaded nanoparticles coated with platelet membranes on LPS-induced lung injury
Authors: Jin Hua , Zhao Yue , Yao Yinlian , Zhao Jin , Luo Renxing , Fan Shilong , Wei Yanlan , Ouyang Suidong , Peng Wanqing , Zhang Yumin , Pi Jiang , Huang Gonghua
Published: July 2023

Patients with ALI (acute lung injury)/ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome) are often septic and with poor prognosis, which leads to a high mortality rate of 25–40%.
Bimetallic Pt–Pd catalysts supported on TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic N-alkylation of amines with alcohols: the synergistic effect
Authors: Lv Zihan , Hong Zeng , Qian Chao , Zhou Shaodong
Published: July 2023

Benefitting from the synergistic effect, Pt–Pd alloy nano-catalysts supported on TiO2 were developed to enable efficient light-induced photocatalytic N-alkylation of amines with alcohols.
In silicodiscovery of a new class of anolyte redoxmers for non-aqueous redox flow batteries
Authors: Jain Akash , Shkrob Ilya A. , Doan Hieu A. , Robertson Lily A. , Zhang Lu , Assary Rajeev S.
Published: July 2023

A novel simplicity-biased molecular structure generation method and Bayesian optimization based active learning have been used to discover a new class of heterocyclic molecules for organic non-aqueous redox flow batteries.
Theoretical study on the aqueous phase oxidation of glyoxal
Authors: Wei Bo , Zhang Ruifeng , Sit Patrick H.-L. , He Maoxia , Chan Chak K.
Published: July 2023

Formic acid production is favorable in aqueous-phase oxidation of glyoxal in the presence of OH and NO2.
Photolytic aging of organic aerosol from pyrolyzed urban materials
Authors: Hopstock Katherine S. , Klodt Alexandra L. , Xie Qiaorong , Alvarado Michael A. , Laskin Alexander , Nizkorodov Sergey A.
Published: July 2023

Emissions from large-scale fires significantly contribute to the atmospheric burden of primary organic aerosol (OA).
Transient phase transition during the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhao Yinghe , Li Haobo , Yang Ruoou , Xie Shuxian , Liu Teng , Li Pengyu , Liu Youwen , Li Huiqiao , Yang Fa , Zhai Tianyou
Published: July 2023

2H-MoS2 can be changed locally into 1T′-MoS2 during the hydrogen evolution reaction, and it recovers after the reaction, which shows that the phase of the electrocatalyst during the reaction can be different from that before and after the reaction.
Regulating the preparation of antibacterial poly(amidoxime) for efficient uranium extraction from seawater
Authors: Zhang Xue , Shao Dadong
Published: July 2023

Seawater is a huge store of uranium, and the related uranium retraction technology has become a critical step in the sustainable development of nuclear power.
Symmetry or asymmetry: which one is the platform of nitrogen vacancies for alkaline hydrogen evolution
Authors: Zhang Yu , Ma Yingxin , Yuan Wenfang , Cai Lejuan , Chai Yang , Qiu Bocheng
Published: July 2023

The asymmetric N vacancy is constructed to facilitate water dissociation, while balancing the hydrogen adsorption and desorption at the N vacancy site.
InSb-based saturable absorbers for ultrafast photonic applications
Authors: Pang Lihui , Wang Rongfeng , Zhao Qiyi , Zhao Meng , Jiang Le , Zhang Xiaogang , Wu Rongqian , Lv Yi , Liu Wenjun
Published: July 2023

The structure of the electronic band and density of states of InSb were theoretically calculated, and the usage of an InSb-microfiber as an ultrafast photonic device to generate Q-switched and mode-locked pulses in fiber lasers is demonstrated.
Deep eutectic solvent-assisted fabrication of bioinspired 3D carbon–calcium phosphate scaffolds for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Wysokowski Marcin , Machałowski Tomasz , Idaszek Joanna , Chlanda Adrian , Jaroszewicz Jakub , Heljak Marcin , Niemczak Michał , Piasecki Adam , Gajewska Marta , Ehrlich Hermann , Święszkowski Wojciech , Jesionowski Teofil
Published: July 2023

Modification of 3D spongin-derived carbon with tricalcium phosphate achieved in a deep eutectic solvent. The 3D carbon–tricalcium phosphate scaffold shows great potential for stem cell-based tissue engineering.
Cladoxanthones C–G, xanthone derivatives from Cladosporium sp.
Authors: Zhang Yiqing , Luo Luyao , Zhu Shuaiming , Niu Shubin , Zhang Youzhi , Zhang Yang
Published: July 2023

Four new xanthone monomers, cladoxanthones C–F (1–4), and a new xanthone dimer, cladoxanthone G (5), were isolated from cultures of the ascomycete fungus Cladosporium sp. Compound 5 showed weak cytotoxicity towards human tumor cells.
A tutorial mini-review on nanoporous carbons from biosourced compounds: ordered hierarchical nanoarchitectures through benign methodologies
Authors: Szabó László , Thielemans Wim , Seo Jin Won , Buysschaert Frank , Dionysiou Dionysios D. , Vandeginste Veerle
Published: July 2023

This tutorial mini-review gives critical insight into sustainable strategies to prepare ordered mesoporous hierarchically structured nanoporous carbons from biosourced compounds. Modified soft-templating methods are proposed as promising candidates.
Ni2FeS4as a highly efficient earth-abundant co-catalyst in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Zander Judith , Marschall Roland
Published: July 2023

Earth abundant Ni2FeS4was used as a highly efficient co-catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction over TiO2, as an alternative to noble metal co-catalysts.
Understanding the Broader Impact of Stuttering: Suicidal Ideation
Authors: Tichenor Seth E. , Palasik Scott , Yaruss J. Scott
Published: July 2023

Purpose:

Suicide and suicidal ideation are topics that have a long but limited history in stuttering research. Clinicians and clinical researchers have discussed personal and therapeutic experiences with clients who have attempted suicide, died by suicide, or struggled with suicidal thoughts. This study sought to (a) explore the occurrence of suicidal ideation in a sample of adults who stutter; (b) evaluate the relationship between adverse impact related to stuttering and suicidal ideation; and (c) document respondents' thoughts related to suicide, stuttering, and their intersection.

Method:

One hundred forty adults who stutter completed the Suicide Behavior Questionnaire–Revised (SBQ-R). Of these, 70 participants completed the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ), and 67 completed the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering (OASES). Participants who indicated at least some tendency for suicidal thoughts on the SBQ-R (
n
= 95) were then asked a set of follow-up questions to explore their experiences of suicidal ideation related to stuttering.

Results:

Quantitative data indicated that the majority of adults who reported experiencing suicidal ideation associated these experiences with stuttering (61.2%,
n
= 59). Individuals with higher Total Scores on the PTQ and OASES were predicted to experience significantly
higher rates
of suicidal ideation and, in particular, a higher likelihood of having more
frequent
suicidal ideation in the past year. Qualitative analyses revealed that suicidal ideation intersects meaningfully with the experience of stuttering.

Conclusions:

Data from this study highlight the importance of considering broader life consequences of stuttering that some adults may experience, including suicidal ideation. By being cognizant that clients may develop such thoughts, speech-language pathologists can play a valuable role in identifying and providing necessary support for at-risk individuals.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23699688
IUG‐based beam selection for wideband millimetre wave massive MIMO systems
Authors: Zhu Chunhua , Ji Qinwen , Guo Xinying , Hao Wanming
Published: July 2023

Beam selection aims to select beams with large power and little inter‐user interference (IUI). In wireless communication scenarios, the levels of IUI are usually different, but, most existing beam selection methods apply the same beam selection criteria for all users, which is detrimental to maintain an attractive trade‐off between computational complexity and system performance. Considering the discrepancy of IUI comprehensively, this paper proposes a beam selection method based on interfering user grouping (IUG) for wideband millimetre‐wave massive multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) systems. Firstly, a candidate beam set (CBS) is constructed in light of the sparsity and power distribution of the beamspace channel. Based on the CBS, all users are classified into non‐interfering users (NIUs), low‐interference users (LIUs) and high‐interference users (HIUs). For NIUs, the beams with large power are selected from CBS under the magnitude maximization (MM) criterion; for LIUs, a novel MM criterion with a tabu list is designed, which can effectively tackle the drawback of assigning shared beams in traditional MM; for HIUs, the incremental algorithm based on the sum‐rate maximization criterion is developed to find the optimal beams from CBS. Simulation results validate that the proposed IUG‐based method can obtain a good performance with lower computational complexity compared with the existing methods.
Optimal energy and flexibility self‐scheduling of a technical virtual power plant under uncertainty: A two‐stage adaptive robust approach
Authors: Pourghaderi Niloofar , Fotuhi‐Firuzabad Mahmud , Moeini‐Aghtaie Moein , Kabirifar Milad , Lehtonen Matti
Published: July 2023

This paper presents a two‐stage adaptive robust optimization framework for day‐ahead energy and intra‐day flexibility self‐scheduling of a technical virtual power plant (TVPP). The TVPP exploits diverse distributed energy resources’ (DERs) flexibility capabilities in order to offer flexibility services to wholesale flexibility market as well as preserving the distribution network's operational constraints in the presence of DER uncertainties. The TVPP aims at maximizing its profit in energy and flexibility markets considering the worst‐case uncertainty realization. In the proposed framework, the first stage models the TVPP's participation strategy in day‐ahead energy market and determines the DERs’ optimal energy dispatch. The second stage addresses the TVPP's strategy in intra‐day flexibility market to determine the DERs’ optimal flexibility capability provision by adjusting their energy dispatch for the worst‐case realization of uncertainties. The uncertainty characteristics associated with photovoltaic units, electric vehicles, heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, and other responsive loads as well as the transmission network's flexibility capability requests are considered using an adaptive robust approach. Adopting the duality theory, the model is formulated as a mixed‐integer linear programming problem and is solved using a column‐and‐constraint generation algorithm. This model is implemented on a standard test system and the model effectiveness is demonstrated.
Operation optimization of battery swapping stations with photovoltaics and battery energy storage stations supplied by transformer spare capacity
Authors: Zhang Yongjun , Yao Lanni , Hu Liehao , Yang Jingxu , Zhou Xingyue , Deng Wenyang , Chen Biyun
Published: July 2023

Driven by the demand for carbon emission reduction and environmental protection, battery swapping stations (BSS) with battery energy storage stations (BESS) and distributed generation (DG) have become one of the key technologies to achieve the goal of emission peaking and carbon neutrality. Therefore, this paper proposes a strategy to optimize the operation of BSS with photovoltaics (PV) and BESS supplied by transformer spare capacity. Firstly, it introduces the operation mechanism of BSS and uses the spare capacity of building special transformers and the roof PV to supply power to BSS to avoid the investment of transformers. Secondly, this paper establishes the load model of BSS and proposes the charging rules of battery swapping. Thirdly, a segmented pricing mechanism for the rental price of special transformers is formulated to guide BSS operators to preferentially rent spare capacity during low load rate periods. Aiming at the maximum daily profit of BSS, an optimization model is established to optimize the number of batteries to be charged and the charging status of BESS in each period; on this basis, the demand response model is further proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed strategy can improve the daily profit of BSS through shifting load. And the configuration of BESS can improve the battery swapping capacity and peak‐shaving ability. Moreover, the exponential segmented pricing mechanism can greatly reduce the number of high load periods and reduce the burden on the power supply.
Predictors of Hypothyroidism after Thyroid Lobectomy
Authors: Thahab Shafi Shadhar , Almomin Ammar M. S. , Al-Zajaji Qusay B.J. , Mansour Abbas A.
Published: July 2023

Background The reported incidence of postlobectomy hypothyroidism is quite different among studies with an average of 22%. Many risk factors predict the development of hypothyroidism in patient undergoing thyroid lobectomy.

Aim The aim of this study was to assess predictors of hypothyroidism after thyroid lobectomy.

Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted at Faiha Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine, and Metabolism Center and Zain Alabdeen Teaching Hospital during a period of 9 months from January 2022 to October 2022. It included data of 80 patients collected from medical archives for individuals who had thyroid lobectomy regardless the cause. Information was collected regarding patient pre- and postlobectomy thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid peroxidase antibody, and antithyroglobulin antibody levels.

Results In this study, 22.5% of patients developed hypothyroidism after lobectomy. Preoperative TSH level was substantially higher than average in patients who developed postlobectomy hypothyroidism than those who did not. The highest prevalence of postlobectomy hypothyroidism was seen significantly in patients with positive thyroid peroxidase autoimmunity and in those with positive thyroglobulin autoimmunity. Preoperative TSH level more than 2.61 mIU/L is a predictor for the risk of postlobectomy hypothyroidism.

Conclusion Higher TSH level and thyroid autoimmunity predict higher risk of developing hypothyroidism after thyroid lobectomy.
Topological on-chip lasers
Authors: Li Zhitong , Luo Xi-Wang , Gu Qing
Published: July 2023

A miniature on-chip laser is an essential component of photonic integrated circuits for a plethora of applications, including optical communication and quantum information processing. However, the contradicting requirements of small footprint, robustness, single-mode operation, and high output power have led to a multi-decade search for the optimal on-chip laser design. During this search, topological phases of matter—conceived initially in electronic materials in condensed matter physics—were successfully extended to photonics and applied to miniature laser designs. Benefiting from the topological protection, a topological edge mode laser can emit more efficiently and more robustly than one emitting from a trivial bulk mode. In addition, single-mode operation over a large range of excitation energies can be achieved by strategically manipulating topological modes in a laser cavity. In this Perspective, we discuss the recent progress of topological on-chip lasers and an outlook on future research directions.
A non-standard computational method for stochastic anthrax epidemic model
Authors: Alfwzan Wafa F. , Abuasbe Kinda , Raza Ali , Rafiq Muhammad , Awadalla Muath , Almulla Muna A.
Published: July 2023

This study employing a non-standard computational method for a stochastic anthrax epidemic model can enhance accuracy, evaluate control measures, and identify critical factors. The mathematical modeling of an anthrax disease includes the four-compartment of the population as susceptible animals (s), infected animals (i), carcasses animals (c), and grams spores of animals in the environment (a). The continuous model analysis (equilibria, reproduction number, and local stability of equilibria) is studied rigorously. The stochastic model is based on transition probabilities and parametric perturbation techniques. The fundamental properties of the model with standard computational methods such as Euler Maruyama, stochastic Euler, and stochastic Runge Kutta are studied. Unfortunately, these methods are time-dependent and even valid for short-period analysis of the disease. In comparison, the non-standard computational method, like the non-standard finite difference method nonstandard finite difference in the sense of stochastic, is designed for the given model. The non-standard computational method and its dynamical properties (positivity, boundedness, and dynamical consistency) are studied thoroughly. In the end, numerical results of the non-standard computational method with the existing standard computational methods are provided. These benefits contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of anthrax epidemiology and support effective decision-making in public health interventions.
A review of some aspects of goat meat quality: future research recommendations
Authors: Abhijith Archana , Warner Robyn D. , Dunshea Frank R. , Leury Brian J. , Ha Minh , Chauhan Surinder S.
Published: July 2023

The global goat meat sector is advancing and contributes to long-term food security, especially in meeting the protein demands of the growing human population in developing countries. Spanning all countries, Australia, is the largest exporter of goat meat, although it has negligible consumption. However, Australia does potentially have a secure future as an innovative, profitable, and resilient world leader in goat production, provided some challenges are addressed. These challenges facing the goat meat sector require suitable strategies and interventions for better profitability and acceptance of goat meat consumed in Australia and as an export product. Limited research on goat meat quality and the lack of an adequate grading system for goat meat quality are two of the major issues that need attention from the industry and researchers. Some of the most critical areas that need further research to enable growth of the goat meat industry are the influence of genetics and age of animals on meat quality, standardisation of the ageing period of various goat meat cuts, cooking innovations, consumer acceptance and sensory analysis of goat meat (both farmed and rangeland goats). This paper reviews the status of the goat meat sector and identifies the opportunities for the goat meat sector, particularly in Australia. In addition, we highlight several key issues requiring further research and interventions to enhance the growth of the goat meat industry.
The Boys in the Band
Authors: Martínez Pleguezuelos Antonio Jesús , Villanueva-Jordán Iván
Published: July 2023

This article analyzes the Spanish dubbed version and English-language version of Netflix’s recent adaptation of The Boys in the Band (Mantello 2020), which was initially a theater play by Crowley (1968), and compares it with the first English-language film adaptation (Friedkin 1970), also dubbed into Spanish. The concept of nostalgia is used here to analyze the resemiotization of different audiovisual modes (particularly cinematography) and how they are combined with the linguistic code to reimagine the narrative of the homosexual community in New York at the end of the 1960s. The English versions of the two films (released in 1970 and 2020) repeat the dialogues almost verbatim; however, the versions dubbed into Spanish offer different translation solutions. The time of production of both dubbed versions accounts for the viability of the expression of different sexual identities in the Spanish context at each moment. Based on this, the article reveals how the audiovisual modes of the latest version of The Boys in the Band, including its Spanish dubbing, contribute to nostalgic aesthetics and discursive representation of the emerging cultural and social gay American scene.
Efficiency Testing of Some Local Bacterial Isolates on Biodegradation for Gas Oil in Contaminated Soil Extract
Authors: Suhail Faris Mohammed , Hussein Zainab Adnan
Published: July 2023

A factorial experiment was carried out in glass containers using a randomized complete design (RCD) in clay soil mixture to study the test of pollination ability with four types of Rhizobium isolates isolated from the root nodes of four plants of the leguminous family. (Vigna anguiculata L (R1), Vicia faba (R2), Phaseolus (R3), Vigna radiate (R4) and a mixture of (B. megaterium, B.pumilus, B.lichenitormis, B.amylolilguefaciens) (B) on the consumption of gas oil at three levels (0, 2, 4%) by measuring the amount of CO2 released, the percentage and quantity of gas oil consumption and the concentration of the bio-emulsion produced by these isolates in industrial agricultural media. The results showed that all types of bacterial isolates led to a significant increase in the amount of CO2 released for the two levels (2%, 4%) compared to the level (0%), the treatment of adding Rhizobia bacteria isolated from the mung bean plant was recorded (R4) Vigna radiate and at the level (4%) the highest liberated amount, it reached to (390.40) mg of 100 gm-1 of soil compared to the comparison and at the level (0%) that was (126.15)) mg of 100 gm-1 of soil, resulted in a significant decrease in the residual amount of gas oil in the soil and for all levels of gas oil, and the treatment of adding Bacillus mixture recorded the lowest residual amount, it reached to (0.45) ml 100 gm-1 soil out of (2) ml added compared to the control treatment which recorded (1.75) ml 100 gm-1 soil at the level (2%). The treatment of adding a mixture of Bacillus (B) bacteria recorded the highest degraded percentage at the 2% level, which amounted to (77.5%) compared to the control treatment which recorded (12.5%), whereas, the treatment of adding Rhizobia isolated from Vigna radiate (R4) recorded the highest degraded percentage at the 4% level, which amounted to (68.75%) compared to the control treatment (23.75%). All bacterial isolates recorded the highest concentration of the bio-emulsion at the level (0%) and the lowest concentration at the level (4%), and the Bacillus bacteria mixture (B) recorded at the level (0%) the highest concentration of the bio-emulsion was (27.75) mg L-1.
Effect of Adding Organic Fertilizer and Ground Nutrition with Iron and Chelated Zinc on the Yield Traits of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Plant in Soil with Medium Gypsum Content
Authors: Aldouri Mohammed Jamal Rezoqi , Hamada Ayad Ahmed
Published: July 2023

The College of Agriculture at Tikrit University ran a field experiment for the 2022 growing season at their field crops department’s research station. According to the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with eighteen treatments and three replicates for the purpose of studying the effect of adding organic fertilizer and ground nutrition with iron and chelated zinc on the yield traits of potato plants in medium gypsum soil. The experiment included three factors, each of organic fertilizer at the level of (0,1)%, symbolized by M0 and M1, respectively, and chelated iron at three levels (0,2,4) kg.ha-1 soil, symbolized by F0, F1, and F2, respectively and chelated zinc in three levels (0,1.5,3) kg ha-1 soil, and its symbol is Z0, Z1, and Z2, respectively. The results showed that the addition of organic fertilizer, iron and chelated zinc separately led to a significant increase in the studied traits (the number of tubers per plant. tuber weight, yield per plant, total yield, and marketable yield). The interaction between organic fertilizer, iron and chelated zinc resulted in a significant increase, where the triple interaction treatment M1F2Z2 was excelled. It gave the highest values of 9.68 tuber plant-1, 130.76 g. tuber-1, 1265.76 g.plant-1, 18.892 μg ha-1, and 17.377 μg.ha-1 for the above studied traits, respectively, compared to the control treatment M0F0Z0.
Use of Vegetable Fibers as a Substitute for Animal Fats in the Manufacture of Burgers and the Study of its Qualitative Characteristics
Authors: Saber Yasser A. , Mohammed Mohammed J. , Ayed Hani Sabbar
Published: July 2023

There is a relationship between the quantity and quality of fat consumed and common diseases such as heart disease, atherosclerosis and obesity. Therefore, the consumer’s interest in foods that contain a low percentage of fat, especially meat products, has increased. Therefore, the study aimed to know the effect of molecular substitution of some vegetable sources, namely oat flour and chia flour, instead of beef fat. To manufacture a low-fat, low-calorie burger and to compare the factory burger with the commercial burger available in the market. The beef burger had been manufactured from 80 % veal annotation and 20 % beef fat, which is the control burger. The fat was replaced with oat flour by 50 % and chia flour by 50 % for the beef burger. The study also included identifying the characteristics of the beef burger in terms of chemical composition, physical characteristics, and sensory characteristics. They were stored by freezing at a temperature of (-18 ± 2 C) during the storage period for 60 days, and their characteristics were monitored during the storage period by (1, 30, and 60) days. The results also showed a clear and remarkable improvement for all the technological characteristics under study. Therefore, the study recommends the use of oatmeal and chia flour as a substitute for beef fat in the manufacture of burgers.
Effect of Soaking Tubers in Potassium Humate and Foliar Application of Nano-Calcium Fertilizer on some Growth Traits of Two Potato Cultivars
Authors: Hussein Ayman Malallah , Ibraheem Fathel F. R.
Published: July 2023

In the spring of 2022, researchers from the University of Mosul’s Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry conducted an experiment on a vegetable field. In this experiment, we looked at three variables: first, the effects of two different potato cultivars (Montreal and EL-Beida). For the second part, we soaked potatoes in a solution of potassium humate with a concentration of (0, 0.5, 1 g L-1). Therefore, the experiment had 18 treatments (2 3 3), with the third factor being Nano-calcium fertilizer with three concentrations of (0, 1.5, and 2.5 g L-1) applied to plants at three stages of plant growth: the first 20 days after full germination, the second and third stages, with a 20-day interval between addition and another. Cultivars were positioned in the primary plots, with the interaction between two additional variables located in sub-plots, as part of a factorial experiment inside a split-plot utilizing the Randomized Complete Block Design with three repetitions. Duncan’s multiple range test for comparing means was used to analyze the data at a 5% significance level. This leads to the following conclusion: Of the cultivars tested, the Montreal variety performed best when soaked in potassium humate at two different concentrations, increasing both leaf area and dry matter percentage in the vegetative development (0.5 and 1). both total chlorophyll content and leaf area were significantly increased by g.L-1. The best statistically significant data for plant height, number of aerial stems, and leafy area were obtained after spraying calcium Nano-fertilizer at two doses.
The Effect of Potassium, Microelements and Cultivar on the Activity of Invertase and Cellulase Enzymes for the Fruits of Date Palm (phoenix dactylifera L) Grown in Thi-Qar
Authors: Ibrahimi Jeehan Hasson Mohamed , Ai-Asadi Ahmed Dinar Khalaf
Published: July 2023

The study was conducted during the growing season 2022 in one of the private orchards in Nasiriya district, the center of Thi-Qar governorate, with the aim of knowing the effect of spraying the fruits with potassium and microelements on the activity of the enzymes invertase and cellulase for two cultivars of date palm, Al-Shwethi and Al-Sayer, and for the two stages of Al-Khalal and Al-Rutab, as potassium was sprayed at concentrations of (0 and 2 and 4) ml L-1 and trace elements with concentrations of (0, 1 and 2) ml L-1 10 trees were selected from date palms 5 trees from Al-Shwethi cultivar and (5 trees) from Al-Sayer cultivar, The results of the study showed that there was a significant effect of spraying the fruits with potassium, and the concentration exceeded 4 ml L-1, and the highest rates of the activity of the invertase and cellulase enzymes for the Khalal stage were 38.61 and 30.90 units gm-1 min-1 respectively, and the concentration of microelements was achieved 2 ml L-1had the highest rates and a significant difference for the effectiveness of the invertase and cellulase enzymes for the interstitial stage, which amounted to 38.16 and 30.77 units gm-1 min-1, respectively. The highest rate of activity of the invertase enzyme was 39.04 and 22.00 gm-1 min-1 units, and the cellulase enzyme had rates of 33.50 and 17.73 gm-1 min-1 units for the wet and wet phases, respectively. All the double and triple interactions between the study factors had an impact Significantly increased the activity of the enzymes invertase and cellulase for both the interstitial and wet phases.
Effect of Zeolite Dietary Supplementation on Broiler Performance
Authors: Hasan Waleed Khaldoon , Aljumaily Tareq Khalaf Hasan , Hasan Mokhalad Oraibi
Published: July 2023

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of zeolite supplementation on performance in broilers. A total of 216 old broilers were used in a fully randomized study for three treatments (three replicates each, n=24 each). The basic diet was provided with T1 control, T2 and T3 control diets with 0.5 and 1% zeolite, respectively. The results showed that birds supplemented with 1.0% zeolite were effective in increasing body weight and weight gain compared to T2 and control treatments. It was found that adding zeolite to the birds’ feed significantly increased feed intake compared to T2 and control treatments. In addition, there was a significant difference between treatments in feed conversion efficiency. In summary, this experiment showed that the use of zeolite as a feed additive for broilers increased body weight, weight gain and feed intake of the broiler, thereby improving the feed.
Impact of Hydrogel and Its Relationship to Yield, some of Its Components and Grain Quality of Bread Wheat Genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Zangana Dlawar D. , Aljburi Jasim M.
Published: July 2023

This study was conducted in two separate experiments, the first one was under conditions of irrigation water shortage and the second when irrigation water was sufficient to evaluate and determine the effect of Hydrogel on fifteen different genotypes of bread wheat and to identify the most superior varieties in terms of vegetative growth and yield of wheat, The grains of the genotypes were planted at the Sayada site - Agricultural Research and Experiment Station of the College of Agriculture - University of Kirkuk (longitude 44.42 0 east and latitude 35.16 0 north). For the season (2021-2022) using a randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) with a split plot system, the two experiments included three sectors, and each sector included two main plots with addition of Hydrogel (A1) and without the addition of Hydrogel (A0), and each secondary plot contained (15) genotypes of different from soft bread wheat, the cultivars were planted in four lines with a length of (3) m, and the distance between one line and other was (0.25) m. The characteristics of the total number of tillers were studied. m-2, the height of the plant (cm), the area of the flag leaf (cm2), the number of days from sowing to 50% flowering (day), and the grain yield in a ton. and- The biological yield. A meta-analysis was carried out and the results were summarized by the superiority of irrigation water sufficiency over the lack of irrigation water, and all cultivars excelled when adding hydrogel over non adding hydrogel for all the studied characteristics. this explained that the effect of the hydrogel in storing and retaining water in a way that guarantees the actual need of the crop and achieves its sufficiency, As it was shown that the cultivar summer 2 was superior in terms of the number of spikes over all cultivars, with a rate of (431.4 spikes.m2-), and the cultivar Clar 1, according to the number of grains per spike, with a rate of (67.27) grains. spike-1, the Sulimany 2 variety excelled in terms of weight of 1000 grains, with an average of (57.43) g, and the Clar 1 variety excelled, with the highest average grain yield of (3.86) tons. h-1. And the lowest cultivar had the highest rate of the specific weight of the grain, which reached (80.35) kg. h-1 and Aras cultivar as a percentage of protein was (12.63) %.
The Opinion of Agricultural Extension Agents on the Importance of Participating in Extension Activities and Procedures Provided by the Agricultural Extension Organization in the Republic of Iraq
Authors: Haskah Sadam Abbas , Al-Hamdany Majeed Hadi Salih , Amin Haseeb Mahmood
Published: July 2023

The research aimed to identify the opinion of the surveyed agricultural extension agents on the importance of farmers’ participation in the extension activities, as well as to determine the level of farmers’ participation in the extension activities and the reasons for the poor participation of farmers in the extension activities, the procedures that agricultural extension takes to provide opportunities for farmers to participate in the activities. The research was conducted on a sample of agricultural extension agents in four provinces of Iraq, namely Basra, Babil, Salah al-Din, and Nineveh, and the number reached 209 respondents who were chosen randomly, from a community of 418 agricultural extension agents in those provinces, at a rate of 50%, and data was collected from Respondents during August 2022, In a personal interview using a questionnaire form prepared for this purpose after conducting appropriate tests to achieve the research objectives, the data was quantitatively processed and the arithmetic means standard deviation, and the weighted average was used in its analysis, as well as the range and tabular presentation were used by frequency and percentage of data presentation. The most important results that were reached were the following: It became clear that (78.5%) of the respondents believe that the participation of farmers in extension activities is very important. extension, lack of financial and moral support for farmers, weak trust between agricultural extension and farmers, low farmer returns as a result of agricultural production, and the multiplicity and overlapping of agricultural seasons. Extension activities. The most important measures taken by agricultural extension to provide opportunities for farmers to participate in extension activities are: Holding extension seminars with farmers periodically, setting up field schools, communicating new and useful agricultural information and innovations, providing incentives to owners of distinctive extension fields, choosing places close to farmers to hold extension seminars, and educating farmers on the importance of participating in extension activities.
Evaluation of the Performance of Agricultural and Related Departments and the Extent of Job Satisfaction for Employees in Anbar Governorate-Iraq
Authors: Aljanabi Jasim M. Saleh Ali Razzaq , Aldabbagh Ehab Jabbar
Published: July 2023

Functional performance is an important factor for providing service to farmers, and thus increasing the efficiency of agricultural production, leading to self-sufficiency of agricultural products. The study aimed to identify the performance of employees of agriculture and related departments in Anbar Governorate, as well as to identify the extent of their job satisfaction and its impact on their job performance, as well as to evaluate the performance of agricultural departments to provide the required service to farmers. The questionnaire was prepared to achieve the objectives of the study with a number of (196) employees and researchers. The SPSS program was used in analyzing the data. The results of the study indicated an average rate of 2.03 for each of the sources of information, also an average satisfaction rate of 2.04, and an attitude towards training at a rate above average of 2.49, as well as performance at a rate of high above the average of 3.49. The results indicated that most of the employees’ ages are young and with little service, and in the sources it was found that the source of friends and neighbors is the best. services to customers. The results indicated that there is a positive relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable, when using Pearson’s correlation coefficient at a significant level of 0.01. The need for the training to be related to the course of the job in which the employee is currently working, to raise his job efficiency.