bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of temporomandibular disorder and its association with stress and anxiety among university students
Authors: Ton Larissa Aparecida Benincá , Mota Iago Gomes , De Paula Janice Sympson , Martins Ana Paula Varela Brown
Published: January 2020

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) and the association with stress and anxiety among university students. Material and Methods: The Fonseca Anamnestic Index, Trait-State Anxiety Inventory (IDATE) and LIPP Stress Symptom Inventory (LIPP) were applied for 714 voluntaries. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyzes were performed using the chi-square or Fisher's exact test and the Student's t-test or ANOVA, significance level of 5%. Results: The prevalence of TMD was 68.63%, 46.9% had mild TMD. There was a statistically significant difference between the means of age and the severity of the TMD, higher mean values for severe TMD (22.5 ± 3.3 years). There was a statistically significant association between the female and TMD, higher prevalence of mild TMD. Among the volunteers diagnosed with TMD, a significant number were diagnosed without stress, but there was a statistically significant association between those diagnosed with stress and mild TMD, anxiety and TMD, (state: moderate anxiety and DTM - 50%; trait: moderate and severe anxiety and mild DTM - 49.3% and 49.87%, respectively). Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of TMD signs and symptoms, with higher prevalence in the female gender, mild TMD was more significant, and anxiety and stress were significantly present among university students with TMD signs and symptoms.KeywordsTemporomandibular disorder; Anxiety; Psychological stress.
Mineral and heavy metals content in tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) collected from the River Nile in Damietta governorate, Egypt and evaluation of health risk from tilapia consumption
Authors: Abd El-Samee Laila D , Hamouda Yasser A , Hashish Samia M , Abdel-Wahhab Mosaad A
Published: January 2020

This study was conducted to determine heavy metals and trace elements content in tilapia fish collected from three sources in Damietta governorate, Egypt and to evaluate the human health risk due to tilapia consumption. Tilapia samples were collected from two locations in the River Nile stream, tow fish farms and two sluiceways. Health risk assessment was evaluated based on the consumption habits of adult human. The results revealed that all samples vary in elements concentrations. The calculation of human health risk revealed that the consumption of tilapia in the three tested area does not pose any health risk except for Selenium. It could be concluded that consumption of such fish may be a risk for consumers who eat fish more than one time per week. Consequently, precautions should be taken and warning against eating tilapia fish caught from these regions should be announced.
Antifungal efficacy of chitosan nanoparticles against phytopathogenic fungi and inhibition of zearalenone production by Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Abdel-Aliem Hanem A. , Gibriel Ahmed Y. , Rasmy Nagwa M. H. , Sahab Ahmed F. , El-Nekeety Aziza A. , Abdel-Wahhab Mosaad Attia
Published: January 2020

Chitosan (COS) is a natural safe biopolymer that received great attention in agriculture, food, biomedical, pharmaceutical and environmental industries because their biocompatible, biodegradable, non-toxic and non-allergenic natures. The aims of the current study were to synthesize and characterize chitosan nanoparticles (COS-NPs), to evaluate their antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi and inhibition of zearalenone (ZEN) production by Fusarium graminearum. The results revealed that the deacetylation degree of COS was 86.9 0.44 %, the average of molar mass was 171.41 ± 0.29 g/mol, molecular weight was 244 ± 7 kDa and the concentration of free amino groups was 0.05 ± 0.019 mol L-1. COS-NPs showed the nanorod form with rough nature and particle size was around 180 nm. COS-NPs showed an excellent antifungal activity against Alternaria tenuis, Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Baeuvaria bassiana, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium sp. and Sclerotium rolfsii in dose dependent manner. At a concentration of 800 ppm, it inhibits ZEN production by Fusarium graminearum. It could be concluded that COS-NPs are promise candidate as safe antifungal capable for the prevention of ZEN production.
Partition and macronutrients accumulation in pineapple under nitrogen doses and plant density
Authors: Souza Renata Patrícia Dias , Pegoraro Rodinei Facco , Reis Sidnei Tavares , Maia Victor Martins , Sampaio Regynaldo Arruda
Published: January 2020

Studies related to the absorption and exportation capacity of macronutrients by irrigated pineapple are essential for the definition of adequate doses and fertilization management. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accumulation of biomass and macronutrients in the compartments (leaves, shoot, root, seedlings/slip, crown/top, and fruit) of ‘Vitória’ pineapple irrigated in the semiarid region after the use of nitrogen doses and population densities. The treatments, arranged in randomized blocks with three replicates, arranged in a 5x4 factorial scheme, consisted of five nitrogen doses (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 g per plant) and four population densities (51,282, 76,923, 90,909, and 126,984 plants ha-1). The accumulation of biomass and macronutrients in the pineapple compartments was evaluated at the end of the growing cycle. The increase of N doses combined with the increase of the plant population promoted a linear increase in the accumulation of biomass and macronutrients by the pineapple plants. The leaves presented greater accumulation of macronutrients, followed by the seedlings, shoot, fruit, crown, and roots. The pineapple presented the following decreasing order of macronutrient absorption: K> N> Ca> P> Mg>S. At the dose of 20 g per plant of N and population of 126,984 plants ha-1 were exported from the area by fruits, 1,311 (12%), 150 (9%), 144 (11%), 52 (11%), 46 (12%) and 36 (12%) kg ha-1 of K, N, Ca, P, Mg, and S, respectively; and by the shoots, 2,426 (22%), 480 (29%), 147 (11%), 101 (21%), 67 (18%), and 45 (15%) kg ha-1 of K, N, Ca, P, Mg, and S, respectively.
Morphological and molecular characterization of powdery mildew on watermelon plants in São Paulo state
Authors: Leão Evelynne Urzedo , Rocha Kelly Cristina Gonçales , Silva Norberto , Pavan Marcelo Agenor , Adorian Gentil Cavalheiro , Krause-Sakate Renate
Published: January 2020

Powdery mildew is one of the most commom foliar diseases of cultivated and wild cucurbits worldwide. Six different fungal species have been reported to be associated with powdery mildew of cucurbits, such as Podosphaera xanthii and Golovinomyces cichoracearum. The aim of the study was to identify the causal agent of the disease in watermelon plants (Citrullus lanatus) cultivated in greenhouses of the State of São Paulo. DNA total was extracted using Chelex method and the ITS region was amplified via standard PCR reaction using the specific primers PMITS1 and PMITS2. A fragment of 700pb was amplified and the sequence showed 99% of identity with P. xanthii (accession number JQ728480). Morphological observation showed that the conidia were ellipsoidal-ovoid, had fibrosin bodies and a bifurcated germinative tube in the lateral position. These characteristics and the molecular analyses confirmed P. xanthi as the etiological agent of powdery mildew in watermelon plants in São Paulo State.

Morphological and molecular characterization of powdery mildew on watermelon plants in São Paulo state
Determination of the soil water repellency of the Mediterranean climate by the use of the mini disk infiltrometer. Case of the micro basin of Tifiles, Tenes, Algeria.
Authors: Kessaissia Abderrahmane , Mazour Mohamed
Published: January 2020

The soil repellency is one of some soil propriety that can be use to indicate the quality of the soil and give a number of information for the soil conservation and the water management. This study show an example of the determination of this parameter in three sites (forest site, after fire forest site and mixed site) by the use of the mini disk infiltrometer test (MDIT) in the small watershed of wadi Tifiles situated in the North West of Algeria that is characterized by a Mediterranean climate. The result show that the water repellency affect namely the after fire forest site which can be equal to 100% of the measured sample flowed by the mixed soil by 93% and the forest site by 80%.
Physiological quality of citrandarins, Poncirus trifoliata and Sunki mandarin seeds
Authors: Da Conceição Patrícia Marluci , De Azevedo Fernando Alves , Ecker Gerhard Vitor , Morelli Marilia , Cristofani-Yaly Mariangela
Published: January 2020

Rangpur lime is the rootstock most used in Brazil, mainly due to its resistance to drought; however, it is susceptible to several diseases, requiring the search for other rootstocks tolerant to factors limiting citrus cultivation. In addition, the Brazilian legislation stipulates that citrus seeds can only be commercialized with at least 50% germination rate. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the physiological quality of seeds of seven citrus rootstocks. The following citrus fruits were harvested: Poncirus trifoliata, Sunki mandarin and their hybrids –citrandarins (70, 106, 254, 299 and 310). Fruit mass, diameter and height were measured. Seeds were extracted from fruits, counting the number of normal seeds (not aborted). Seeds were dried up to 20% water content and stored for 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. The physiological quality of seeds was evaluated before storage (time 0) up to 12 months of storage. The quality of Poncirus trifoliata, Sunki mandarin and citrandarins 70, 106, 254, 299 and 310 seeds was reduced during storage. However, their germination rate remained above 50%, evidencing that seeds of all rootstocks could be marketed until 12 months of storage. The new rootstocks tested have seeds with physiological quality compatible with their parents, in compliance with current legislation.
Propagation of yellow mombin by stem and root cuttings treated with indolebutyric acid
Authors: Neto Sebastião Elviro de Araújo , Novelli Dheimy Da Silva , Tamwing Gabriela Da Silva , Da Silva Nilciléia Mendes , E Souza Luis Gustavo De Souza
Published: January 2020

Yellow mombin is a fruit species of growing interest in the agro-industrial sector, mainly in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil, although its commercial exploitation is still limited due to the lack of information regarding its propagation, among other factors. In this perspective, this work aimed to study the effect of the application of indolebutyric acid (IBA) in the vegetative propagation of yellow mombin by stem and root cuttings. The experiments were conducted in a plant nursery, under a completely randomized experimental design consisting of six concentrations of IBA (0, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 mg.kg-1 in industrial talc), four replications, and ten cuttings per plot. The stem cutting experiment also evaluated the effect of the types of cuttings (tanchan, basal, stratified basal, medial, and apical), with the material being collected from a yellow mombin tree in full vegetative growth. The root cuttings were collected from a matrix plant in the stage of vegetative rest and cut into 15 cm length segments. After 120 days, the following variables were evaluated: percentage of living, sprouted, rooted, and calloused cuttings, and dry mass of roots and sprouts. The cuttings of the tanchan type showed higher survival and sprouting percentages, regardless of the concentration of IBA applied, whereas the rooting rate was low. The application of IBA increased the rooting percentage of the root cuttings until the maximum concentration of 5000 mg.kg-1, reaching 77.5%, although it did not influence the other variables analyzed. The root cuttings of yellow mombin exhibit good regeneration capacity.
Prevalencia de obesidad de acuerdo a tres índices antropométricos en una muestra representativa de la Comunidad Valenciana
Authors: Torres-Collado Laura , Garcia de la Hera Manuela , Navarrete-Muñoz Eva Maria , González-Palacios Sandra , Oncina-Cánovas Alejandro , Vioque Jesús
Published: January 2020

Introducción: La obesidad es un problema de salud pública que afecta y que ha aumentado rápidamente en la última década en un gran número de países en el mundo. Además, es un factor de riesgo importante en la enfermedad cardiovascular y se ha mostrado como un posible factor de riesgo en la mortalidad especialmente por enfermedades crónicas. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de obesidad de acuerdo a tres índices antropométricos como el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC), la Circunferencia de Cintura (CC) y el porcentaje de Grasa Corporal (% GC) medido por impedancia bioeléctrica y estimar los índices de validez y exactitud para definir obesidad según IMC y CC, usando como referencia el % GC.Material y métodos: Estudio transversal que incluye a 141 participantes de la Encuesta de Nutrición de Comunidad Valenciana realizada en 1994 que fueron evaluados de nuevo 10 años después. Se realizaron mediciones antropométricas usando protocolos estandarizados para peso y talla, obteniendo IMC, CC y % GC. Los puntos de corte utilizados para definir obesidad fueron: IMC ≥ 30 kg/m2, CC > 102 cm en hombres y > 88 cm en mujeres, y un % GC > 27 para hombres y > 40 en mujeres. Se estimaron coeficientes de correlación ajustados por edad entre los distintos indicadores antropométricos. Se estimó la sensibilidad, especificidad y valores predictivos para IMC y CC utilizando % GC como referencia. Resultados: La prevalencia de obesidad fue 19,9% (IMC), 37,6% (CC) y 38,3% (%GC). La correlación osciló entre 0,232 para CC-% GC y 0,829 para IMC-CC. Utilizando el % GC como método de referencia, el IMC mostró mayor especificidad (en mujeres 92,6% y en hombres 93,9%) y la CC mayor sensibilidad (en mujeres 83,3% y en hombres 53,7%) para detectar obesidad. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de obesidad difiere según el indicador antropométrico utilizado. La CC, dada su fácil medición, puede ser el indicador más apropiado a utilizar en estudios de base poblacional y programas preventivos para detectar obesidad en adultos.
Pelaksanaan Identifikasi dan Asesmen Bagi Anak Berkesulitan Belajar di SD Negeri 63 Surabayo Lubuk Basung Kabupaten Agam
Authors: Putri Yuliana , Sopandi Asep Ahmad
Published: January 2020

This study based on to find out and describe the identification and assessment design, implementation of identification and assessment, evaluation of identification and assessment for children with learning disabilities in SD Negeri 63 Surabayo Lubuk Basung Kabupaten Agam. This study used a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach conducted at SD Negeri 63 Surabayo Lubuk Basung Kabupaten Agam. The research subjects are Special Education Teachers (SET). The technique of collecting data uses are observation, interviews and documentation. The validity of the data is tested using triangulation techniques. The results of this study indicate that the process of identifying learning difficulties is carried out by classroom teachers, then the problematic identified students are reported to special education teachers, after that special education teachers at the school with the source center special education teachers work together to carry out the assessment. After the assessment process has been completed, the center's special education teacher will prepare an individual learning program which will be given to special education teachers and classroom teachers of each difficulty learning students to carry out.
Madre España: una lectura del pensamiento estético de María Zambrano
Authors: Soto Pamela , Espinoza Lolas Ricardo
Published: January 2020

Este artículo presenta el pensamiento estético de María Zambrano a partir de su crítica a la razón moderna. El itinerario para dar cuenta de esta lectura tiene como horizonte cronológico la estadía de la filósofa en Chile, entre fines de 1936 e inicios de 1937, además de la producción intelectual que remite a esta etapa de su vida. Este itinerario de lectura se presentará a partir de tres apartados: El primero describe la producción cultural de Zambrano en Chile. En el segundo apartado, se presenta y analiza la razón poética, a partir de los textos que publica Chile y que remiten a la reforma del entendimiento como crítica al decurso de la modernidad. En un tercer apartado este recorrido contribuirá a identificar algunas características que definen el pensamiento estético en la filosofía de María Zambrano.
Pensar desde el cuerpo: el nuevo teatro de El Salvador en la década de 1970
Authors: Roque Baldovinos Ricardo
Published: January 2020

A partir de un recuento del movimiento teatral en El Salvador durante la efervescencia revolucionaria de la década de 1970, el presente artículo discute distintas estéticas teatrales de vanguardia preocupadas por desarrollar un pensamiento desde el cuerpo. Examinando los conceptos centrales del teatro épico de Brecht y sus continuadores latinoamericanos (Enrique Buenaventura, Santiago García y Augusto Boal) y enmarcándolos en el debate estético sobre sus implicaciones (Benjamin, Jameson, Rancière), intenta mostrar que el nuevo teatro pone en evidencia la producción social del cuerpo como mecanismo de subjetivación y las posibilidades de emancipación que se abren a través de las nuevas formas de experimentarlo que ofrecen los nuevos vocabularios dramáticos.
Reduksi Sinamaldoksim Menggunakan Sistem Katalis Zn/NH4Cl
Authors: Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana , Ismiyarto Ismiyarto , Sarjono Purbowatiningrum Ria
Published: January 2020

Sinamaldehid merupakan komponen utama minyak kayu manis (Cinnamomum) yang dapat diisolasi menggunakan pelarut natrium bisulfit. Pemanfaatan senyawa ini masih sangat terbatas, sehingga perlu dilakukan upaya pengubahan sinamaldehid menjadi senyawa turunannya yang lebih berdaya guna. Salah satunya, sinamaldehid dapat diubah menjadi senyawa amina melalui zat antara sinamaldoksim dengan reaksi reduksi. Senyawa amina tersebut digunakan sebagai bahan untuk mensintesis senyawa turunan antibiotik C-9154.Reduksi sinamaldoksim menjadi senyawa amina dilakukan dengan cara reduksi hidrogenasi katalitik menggunakan katalis Zn/NH4Cl. Reaksi dilakukan dengan merefluks sinamaldoksim, NH4Cl(s), dan serbuk Zn dengan pelarut metanol pada temperatur refluks (58 ºC) selama 3 jam. Hasil disaring, selanjutnya filtrat hasil refluks dievaporasi. Hasil evaporasi diekstraksi dengan kloroform dan NaCl jenuh. Lapisan organik dievaporasi kembali. Hasil evaporasi dianalisis menggunakan instrumen FT-IR dan GC-MS.Hasil reduksi sinamaldoksim berupa padatan gel berwarna coklat dengan dengan berat 0,43 g dan rendemen sebesar 64,35 %. Analisis hasil menggunakan spektrometer infra merah menunjukkan serapan gugus C-N pada daerah 1330,8 cm-1. Serapan pada 3178 cm-1 menunjukkan serapan gugus N-H dari senyawa amina. Hasil analisis GC-MS menunjukkan bahwa senyawa amina yang diperoleh dari reduksi sinamaldoksim berupa sinamilamin yang merupakan senyawa amina primer (tR = 16,431 menit dengan kelimpahan 0,58 %), (N-metil-3-fenil)-2-propenamin yang merupakan senyawa amina sekunder (tR = 20,258 menit dengan kelimpahan 0,79 %) dan (N,N- dimetil-3-fenil)-2-propenamin yang merupakan senyawa amina tersier (tR = 26,666 menit dengan kelimpahan 14,79 %).
‘HUKUM YANG HIDUP’ DALAM RANCANGAN KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM PIDANA (KUHP): ANTARA AKOMODASI DAN NEGASI
Authors: Utama Tody Sasmitha Jiwa
Published: January 2020

Rancangan KUHP yang baru mempromosikan ‘hukum yang hidup’ (hukum adat) sebagai dasar pemidanaan sekaligus memperluas pemaknaan atas asas legalitas. Insiasi ini juga menunjukkan upaya negara untuk melakukan inkorporasi hukum non-negara kedalam sistem hukum negara. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendiskusikan dua hal. Pertama, bagaimana hukum yang hidup dikonstruksikan dalam RUU KUHP dan apa orientasi pengaturannya. Kedua, apa saja implikasi yang dihasilkan dari orientasi tersebut. Dengan menggunakan pluralisme hukum sebagai instrumen analisis, artikel berargumen bahwa akomodasi tersebut adalah sebuah rekonstruksi yang parsial. RUU KUHP hanya menggunakan ‘hukum yang hidup’ untuk menjatuhkan pidana tetapi mengabaikan ‘hukum yang hidup’ sebagai dasar mengurangi pidana atau membebaskan seseorang dari pidana. Konstruksi ini berisiko menimbulkan kesewenang-wenangan negara dan melahirkan dualitas hukum adat.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN KHPM DALAM PROSES IPO JIKA TERDAPAT FAKTA MATERIAL YANG TIDAK DIUNGKAP
Authors: Agusta Hendrawan
Published: January 2020

Initial Public Offering (IPO) adalah kegiatan penawaran dan penjualan saham perdana kepada masyarakat sebagai salah satu cara bagi perusahaan untuk mendapatkan tambahan modal. Proses IPO melibatkan Konsultan Hukum Pasar Modal (KHPM) yang mempunyai peranan penting dan berpengaruh terhadap keputusan Investor. KHPM melakukan pemeriksaan dokumen hukum dan membuat pendapat hukum yang tercantum dalam Prospektus dengan menerapkan Prinsip Keterbukaan. Muncul masalah jika KHPM tidak mengungkap Fakta Material dalam pendapat hukumnya. Dengan metode penelitian normatif, jurnal ini akan membahas pertanggungjawaban KHPM dalam hal terdapat Fakta Material yang tidak diungkap dalam Prospektus, lembaga mana yang berwenang untuk menyatakan KHPM telah melanggar peraturan hukum, dan apakah peraturan hukum yang ada dan Standar Profesi KHPM telah cukup mengatur proses pemberian ganti rugi kepada Investor dalam hal KHPM tidak mengungkap Fakta Material dalam IPO.
A review of the fake news ecosystem in India and the need for the News Literacy project
Authors: Kaur Kanchan
Published: January 2020

In India, in the last year alone, over 30 people have died due to child kidnapping rumors spread on social media, specifically WhatsApp. India’s access to the internet shot up in the recent years with the entry of Reliance Jio which made data plans affordable and therefore accessible. WhatsApp has been the most frequently downloaded application. As the country gears up for an important election, the spread of disinformation has accelerated. The right-wing ruling party has claimed that it has over 3 million people in its WhatsApp groups. A recent study by BBC has shown that in the country, most of the disinformation has been spread by the right wing. Call it propaganda, disinformation or plain fake news, false or wrong information has become a part of the political process in India. Moreover, the Indian media no longer seem to be standing up to the government; in the last few years, it has generally toed the government line. The reasons are many, including corporate ownership, regressive laws, and a complete bypass of the media by the powers. The Prime Minister has spoken only to a few selected media houses and has never been asked any tough questions in his five-year tenure. Furthermore, the media has been completely sidelined by this government by it going to the public, directly through social media. All of this has produced a very turgid and messy information situation. With the government also interfering in education, it has become all the more difficult for most educators to introduce critical thinking courses in the country, even though various efforts have been made by Google News Initiative, Facebook and BBC Schools to introduce tools to debunk false information.
Wishful thinking. The attitude of Polish government towards immigration after 2015
Authors: Adamczyk Anita
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this article is to analyze Polish migration policy after 2015. The author would like to show discrepancies between the political declarations and reality. Its purpose is also to show the position of the Law and Justice government regarding the EU’s policy on solving the migration crisis and Poland’s openness to admitting refugees/immigrants. The article proposes the thesis that the Polish government’s migration policy from 2015–2019 was inconsistent.
Uwarunkowania liberalizacji stanowisk wobec narkotyków oraz ich zażywania zidentyfikowane w środowisku szkolnym – dane z badań
Authors: Motyka Marek A.
Published: January 2020

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Zadania domowe w perspektywie uczniów na przykładzie przedmiotu geografia
Authors: Abramowicz Dawid
Published: January 2020

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Zachowania trudne i problemowe młodzieży z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną w stopniu umiarkowanym i znacznym
Authors: Wieczorek Ewelina
Published: January 2020

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Chrześcijańskie zasady wychowawcze w rodzinie Martin – rodziców św. Teresy z Lisieux
Authors: Ozorowski Mieczysław
Published: January 2020

Rodzina jest pierwszą szkołą człowieczeństwa. Dotyczy to również rodziny, założonej przez świętych małżonków Ludwika i Zelię Martin, którzy doczekali się świętych dzieci, min. świętej Teresy od Dzieciątka Jezus. Niniejsze opracowanie przybliża problematykę środowiska rodzinnego, które wychowało oraz dało światu osoby uważane za przykład świętości dla wierzących. Szukaliśmy tu odpowiedzi na pytania jakie czynniki rodzinne wpłynęły na ukształtowanie się dojrzałych postaw osobowych i ich zaangażowania społecznego; jakie uniwersalne i chrześcijańskie zasady wychowawcze przyczyniły się do osiągnięcia sukcesu.  Misterium życia rodzinnego odkrywamy na podstawie źródłowych przekazów pisanych, listów, pamiętników i dzienniczków. Z tych przekazów wyłania się pewien ideał życia rodzinnego, oparty na chrześcijańskich zasadach wychowawczych: wiary, pracowitości, uczciwości, autentyczności zachowania i życia, umiejętności świętowania i okazywania współczucia.  Państwo Martin byli ludźmi pobożnymi i zaangażowanymi prokościelnie i prospołecznie. Ich historia życia stała się dla innych wzorem do naśladowania. Dawali oni przykład żywej wiary. Zachowywali oni wiele praktyk ascetycznych, które starali się zaszczepić swoim dzieciom. Cenili pracowitość i sumienność ale mieli dystans do dóbr materialnych, którymi potrafili się szczodrze dzielić z innymi, ukazując postawę miłości charytatywnej. Wzorzec przekazany przez małżonków Martin i ich rodzinę pozostaje w dużej części aktualny aż do dzisiaj.
Aktualność pedagogiki świętorodzinnej w procesie wychowania
Authors: Pryba Andrzej
Published: January 2020

Artykuł podejmuje zagadnienie pedagogiki świętorodzinnej, która  jest ściśle związana ze Zgromadzeniem Misjonarzy Świętej Rodziny i jego założycielem, sługą Bożym, ks. Janem Berthier MS. Stąd też artykuł przedstawia najpierw sylwetkę Założyciela Dzieła Świętej Rodziny, następnie prezentuje strategię wychowawczą i sposoby jej realizacji. W dalszej części analiz zostały ukazane aktualne, praktyczne aplikacje pedagogiki świętorodzinnej w ramach działalności Zgromadzenia Misjonarzy Świętej Rodziny w polskiej rzeczywistości.
ÖRGÜT TASARIMINDA YENİ TEKNİKLERİN YAYILIM DİNAMİKLERİ
Authors: ATAMAN Göksel
Published: January 2020

This study focuses on the institutional and rational determinants of organizational practices. Environmental pressures, forces for conformity and organizational characteristics determine in large measure the speed and strength with which organizational practice are adopted in a given organization. Institutional determinants have a strong effect on the application of new practices. Organizations seek support and legitimacy in their institutional fields by adopting structural models that are generally perceived to be the best available.
A CORRELATIONAL STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRAINING PROGRAMS FOR INCREASING THE MOTIVATIONAL LEVEL OF EMPLOYEES
Authors: GÜRBÜZ F. Gülruh , GÜZEL Selnur
Published: January 2020

Günümüzde tüm işletmelerin başarılı olabilmesi, dünya pazarlarında rekabet edebilmesi için iyi eğitilmiş, verimli çalışan işgörenlere ihtiyacı olduğu herkes tarafından bilinen bir gerçektir. Durum böyle olunca işletmelerin hem işletme içi eğitim programlarına yeterince önem vermeleri hem de yöneticilerin işgörenleri daha çok çalışma ve başarılı olma yönünde güdülemeleri gerekmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı işletmede, işgörenlere yönelik düzenlenen eğitim programları ile işgörenlerin iş motivasyonu arasında bir ilişkinin olup olmadığını araştırmaktır. Bu düşünceden yola çıkarak eğitime tabi tutulmuş işgörenlerin iş motivasyonlarının, eğitime tabi tutulmayanlara nazaran daha fazla olacağı varsayımında bulunulmuştur. İstanbul’da bilgi teknolojileri sektörünün önde gelen firmalarından birinde bir anket çalışması düzenlenmiş, elde edilen bulgular varsayımlarınızı destekleyici yönde olmuştur.
ENFLASYONA AYARLANMIŞ MALİ TABLOLARIN YATIRIMCILARA YARARLILIĞI: LİTERATÜR ARAŞTIRMASI ve TÜRKİYE AÇISINDAN BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: ÖZER Gökhan
Published: January 2020

Radical increases in the general price level especially due to the oil crisis in 1970s showed the deficiencies in financial statements with historical cost and these statements have been criticized for not providing true and realistic information for the users. There is a general consensus about the fact that financial statements with historical cost are not successful is reflecting the reality and that this inability may be solved by using inflation-adjusted financial statements. Nevertheless this theoretical judgment could not be approved - even only in stock markets- by empirical studies on participants of stock markets and prices of stocks. In this context, the aim of our study is to discuss and evaluate for Turkey, the findings obtained from academical accounting studies comparing the effects of the financial statements based on historical cost on the stock prices with the effects of the inflation-adjusted financial statements in the USA and UK stock markets.
GELENEKSEL STANDART MALİYET SİSTEMİNİN GÜNÜMÜZ MODERN ÜRETİM ORTAMINDAKİ ROLÜ ve SİSTEME YÖNELTİLEN ELEŞTİRİLER
Authors: TÜRK Zeynep , ÇÜRÜK Turgut , DOĞAN Zeki
Published: January 2020

In recent years, manufacturing technology and processes have been changed. These changes have brought some problems related with standard casting systems. In todays manufacturing environment, standard casting system have been criticized for not providing needed information that required from this system. In spite of this, standard casting system has already been widely used. For this reason while some theorists claim updating this system instead of give up, some theorists who care of the problems related with standard casting system claim giving up the system. In this study, the problems related with system have been examined. In additions of this, updating of standard casting system according to the new manufacturing environment has been examined in a detailed way.
PERFORMANCE OF TURKISH BANKING AND MEASURE OF ADDED VALUE/INPUT COSTS
Authors: OKUMUŞ H. Şaduman
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışma Türk bankacılığının performansını ölçme ve değerlendirmede “katma değer yaklaşımını” uygulamayı amaçlamaktadır. Geleneksel performans ölçülerine alternatif olarak “katma değer yaklaşımı” Türkiye’de faaliyette bulunan bankalara 1989-1995 dönem verileri kullanılarak uyarlanmıştır. Performans ölçüsü olarak Katma Değer / Girdi Maliyeti (AV/IC) oranı çalışılan dönem için hesaplanmıştır. Söz konusu dönemde bankaların performansında genelde bir kötüleşme gözlemlenmiştir. Buna ilave olarak en karlı banka grubunun yabancı ticari bankalar, en az karlı banka grubunun da yatırım ve kalkınma bankaları olduğu ileri sürülebilir. Ayrıca, Türk bankalarının performansındaki kötüleşme bankaların hissedarlarını aldıkları risk ve yaptıkları yatırım karşılığında (diğer yatırım alternatifleri ile karşılaştırmalı olarak) yeterince tatmin etmekten uzak olduklarını önermektedir.
SENDİKASYON KREDİLERİ
Authors: YILMAZ Eyyüp
Published: January 2020

Loan syndication are one of the most important fund resources in the international financial markets. These credits are extremely important for the economies of developing countries due to the lack of sufficient capital accumulation. Loan syndications have reached considerable amounts in the international financial markets. These credits have many advantages both for the money - lending creditors and borrowing financial institutions. In some cases, this credit method can be risky for financial institutions due to the exchange - rate risk. Some of our national banks have fallen into financial difficulties due to high levels of outside borrowing in the form loan syndication in Turkey recently and the use of these credits with the aim of creating short-positions combined with the high levels of devaluations and the change of exchange rate policy to free floating exchange rate system in Turkey last year.
Vom Katalog zur Suchmaschine
Authors: Weiner Jean-Pierre
Published: January 2020

Bibliotheken reagieren auf die bestehenden Trends in der Informationsvermittlung, indem sie auf Suchmaschinen-Technologie setzen, um die Akzeptanz ihrer Services gegenüber zukünftigen Nutzergruppen zu erhalten. Dieser Artikel zeigt, warum der Online-Katalog (OPAC) in seiner traditionellen Form längerfristig abgelöst wird und die Suchmaschine an seine Stelle tritt. Anhand eines Vergleichs der beiden Instrumente Katalog und Suchmaschine, werden die Besonderheiten und Unterschiede näher beleuchtet. Besonderes Augenmerk wird auf die Frage der Usability gelegt. Außerdem wird auf zeitgemäße UI- und UX-Designstandards im Überblick eingegangen.
Potential drug-drug interactions in hospitalized pediatric patients with respiratory disorders: a retrospective review of clinically important interactions
Authors: Hassanzad Maryam , Tashayoie Nejad Sabereh , Mahboobipour Amir Ali , Salem Farzaneh , Baniasadi Shadi
Published: January 2020

Background

Hospitalized pediatric patients are at an increased risk of experiencing potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) due to polypharmacy and the unlicensed and off-label administration of drugs. The aim of this study is to characterize clinically significant pDDIs in pediatric patients hospitalized in a tertiary respiratory center.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of medications prescribed to pediatric patients admitted to the pediatric ward (PW) and pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a respiratory referral center was carried out over a six-month period. The pDDIs were identified using the Lexi-Interact database and considered as clinically relevant according to the severity rating as defined in the database. Frequency, drug classes, mechanisms, clinical managements, and risk factors were recorded for these potential interactions.

Results

Eight hundred and forty-five pDDIs were identified from the analysis of 176 prescriptions. Of the total pDDIs, 10.2% in PW and 14.6% in PICU were classified as clinically significant. Anti-infective agents and central nervous system drugs were the main drug classes involved in clinically significant pDDIs as object and/or precipitant drugs. A higher number of medications [odds ratio (OR): 4.8; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.0–11.4; p < 0.001] and the existence of a nonrespiratory disease, which led to a respiratory disorder (OR: 3.8; 95% CI: 1.40–10.4; p < 0.05), were the main risk factors associated with an increased incidence of pDDIs.

Conclusions

A high and similar risk of pDDIs exists in pediatric patients with respiratory disorders hospitalized in PW and PICU. The patients prescribed a higher number of medications and presenting respiratory symptoms induced by a nonrespiratory disease require extra care and monitoring. Pediatricians should be educated about clinically significant DDIs for highly prescribed medications in their settings in order to take preventive measures and safeguard patient safety.
Uncertain diagnoses in a children’s hospital: patient characteristics and outcomes
Authors: Sump Courtney A. , Marshall Trisha L. , Ipsaro Anna J. , Patel Shivani J. , Warner Dane C. , Brady Patrick W. , Hagedorn Philip A.
Published: January 2020

Background

A quality improvement initiative at our institution resulted in a new process for prospectively identifying pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) patients with uncertain diagnoses (UD). This study describes the clinical characteristics and healthcare utilization patterns of patients with UD.

Methods

This single center cross-sectional study included all PHM patients identified with UD during their admission. A structured chart review was used to abstract patient demographics, primary symptoms, discharge diagnoses, and healthcare utilization patterns, including consult service use, length of stay (LOS), escalation in care, and 30-day healthcare reutilization. Appropriate descriptive statistics were used for categorical and continuous variables.

Results

This study includes 200 PHM patients identified with UD. Gastrointestinal symptoms were the primary finding in 45% of patients with UD. Consult service use was highly variable, with a range of 0–8 consult services for individual patients. The median LOS was 1.6 days and only 5% required a rapid response team evaluation. As for reutilization, 7% of patients were readmitted within 30 days.

Conclusions

This descriptive study highlights the heterogeneity of patients with uncertain diagnoses. Ongoing work is needed to further understand the impact of UD and to optimize the care of these patients.
SIRT1 Decreases Emotional Pain Vulnerability with Associated CaMKIIα Deacetylation in Central Amygdala
Authors: Zhou Chenghua , Wu Yuqing , Ding Xiaobao , Shi Naihao , Cai Youqin , Pan Zhizhong Z.
Published: January 2020

Emotional disorders are common comorbid conditions that further exacerbate the severity and chronicity of chronic pain. However, individuals show considerable vulnerability to the development of chronic pain under similar pain conditions. In this study on male rat and mouse models of chronic neuropathic pain, we identify the histone deacetylase Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in central amygdala as a key epigenetic regulator that controls the development of comorbid emotional disorders underlying the individual vulnerability to chronic pain. We found that animals that were vulnerable to developing behaviors of anxiety and depression under the pain condition displayed reduced SIRT1 protein levels in central amygdala, but not those animals resistant to the emotional disorders. Viral overexpression of local SIRT1 reversed this vulnerability, but viral knockdown of local SIRT1 mimicked the pain effect, eliciting the pain vulnerability in pain-free animals. The SIRT1 action was associated with CaMKIIα downregulation and deacetylation of histone H3 lysine 9 at theCaMKIIα promoter. These results suggest that, by transcriptional repression ofCaMKIIα in central amygdala, SIRT1 functions to guard against the emotional pain vulnerability under chronic pain conditions. This study indicates that SIRT1 may serve as a potential therapeutic molecule for individualized treatment of chronic pain with vulnerable emotional disorders.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTChronic pain is a prevalent neurological disease with no effective treatment at present. Pain patients display considerably variable vulnerability to developing chronic pain, indicating individual-based molecular mechanisms underlying the pain vulnerability, which is hardly addressed in current preclinical research. In this study, we have identified the histone deacetylase Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) as a key regulator that controls this pain vulnerability. This study reveals that the SIRT1–CaMKIIaα pathway in central amygdala acts as an epigenetic mechanism that guards against the development of comorbid emotional disorders under chronic pain, and that its dysfunction causes increased vulnerability to the development of chronic pain. These findings suggest that SIRT1 activators may be used in a novel therapeutic approach for individual-based treatment of chronic pain.
Marked Neurospora crassa Strains for Competition Experiments and Bayesian Methods for Fitness Estimates
Authors: Kronholm Ilkka , Ormsby Tereza , McNaught Kevin J , Selker Eric U , Ketola Tarmo
Published: January 2020

The filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa, a model microbial eukaryote, has a life cycle with many features that make it suitable for studying experimental evolution. However, it has lacked a general tool for estimating relative fitness of different strains in competition experiments. To remedy this need, we constructed N. crassa strains that contain a modified csr-1 locus and developed an assay for detecting the proportion of the marked strain using a post PCR high resolution melting assay. DNA extraction from spore samples can be performed on 96-well plates, followed by a PCR step, which allows many samples to be processed with ease. Furthermore, we suggest a Bayesian approach for estimating relative fitness from competition experiments that takes into account the uncertainty in measured strain proportions. We show that there is a fitness effect of the mating type locus, as mating type mat a has a higher competitive fitness than mat A. The csr-1* marker also has a small fitness effect, but is still a suitable marker for competition experiments. As a proof of concept, we estimate the fitness effect of the qde-2 mutation, a gene in the RNA interference pathway, and show that its competitive fitness is lower than what would be expected from its mycelial growth rate alone.
Fetal cardiovascular alterations in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome
Authors: Rotar Ioana Cristina , Zaharie Gabriela , Staicu Adelina , Preda Andreia , Mureșan Daniel
Published: January 2020

Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is the consequence of vascular anastomoses of the shared placenta of monochorionic twin pregnancies. Both circulating inter-twin blood flow and vasoactive mediators imbalance cause hypovolemia in the donor and hypervolemia in the recipient fetus. If left untreated, TTTS has a high perinatal mortality rate and adverse long-term outcomes mainly cardiovascular and neurological.

The recipient has cardiovascular changes including atrioventricular valve regurgitation, diastolic dysfunction and pulmonary stenosis/atresia. The maladaptive response to vascular changes determines a constant decreased blood flow in the donor that permanently modifies the arterial structure leading to postnatal alterations in the vascular system. Fetoscopic LASER surgery of placental vascular anastomoses may disrupt the underlying pathophysiology and improves cardiovascular function with normalization of systolic and diastolic function within weeks after treatment.

The impact of cardiovascular changes is relevant for the safety of the management of a TTTS case. The improvement of the perinatal survival after intrauterine surgery leads to viable infants with the longer-term sequelae. Therefore accurate quantification of cardiovascular involvement is essential for clinicians for pregnancy management but also for patient counseling about the potential treatment options the outcome.
Interfacility Transfers Among Patients With Complex Chronic Conditions
Authors: White Michelle J. , Sutton Ashley G. , Ritter Victor , Fine Jason , Chase Lindsay
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVES:

To describe interfacility transfers among children with complex chronic conditions (CCCs) and determine if interfacility transfer was associated with health outcomes. We hypothesized that interfacility transfer would be associated with length of stay (LOS), receipt of critical care services, and in-hospital mortality.

METHODS:

In this retrospective cohort study, we used data from the 2012 Kids’ Inpatient Database. CCC hospitalizations were identified by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes. Receipt of critical care services was inferred by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnosis and procedure codes. We performed a descriptive analysis of CCC hospitalizations then determined if transfer was associated with LOS, mortality, or receipt of critical care services using survey-adapted quasi-Poisson or logistic regression models, controlling for hospital and patient demographics.

RESULTS:

There were 551 974 non–birth hospitalizations with at least 1 CCC diagnosis code. Of these, 13% involved an interfacility transfer. Compared with patients with CCCs who were not transferred, patients with CCCs who were transferred in and ultimately discharged from the receiving hospital had an adjusted LOS rate ratio of 1.6 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5–1.7; P < .001), were more likely to have received critical care services (adjusted odds ratio 3.0; 95% CI: 2.7–3.2; P < .001), and had higher in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio 3.6; 95% CI: 3.2–3.9; P < .001) (controlling for patient and hospital characteristics).

CONCLUSIONS:

Many hospitalizations for children with CCCs involve interfacility transfer. Compared with in-house admissions, hospitalizations of patients who are transferred in and ultimately discharged from the receiving hospital involve longer LOS, greater odds of receipt of critical care services, and in-hospital mortality. Further evaluation of the role of clinical and transfer logistic factors is needed to improve outcomes.
Variation in Treatment and Outcomes of Children With Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Press Craig A. , Kirschen Matthew , LaRovere Kerri , Risen Sarah , Guilliams Kristin P. , Chung Melissa , Griffith Jennifer , Erklauer Jennifer , Peariso Katrina , Ducharme-Crevier Laurence , Shah Samir S. , Hall Matt , Wainwright Mark S.
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVES:

To characterize variation in treatments and outcomes of pediatric patients admitted to children’s hospitals with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM).

METHODS:

In this retrospective cohort study, we used data from the Pediatric Health Information System. Children >30 days old who were hospitalized from 2010 to 2015 with ADEM were included. Variables analyzed were treatments and admission to an ICU. Primary outcomes were discharge disposition and readmissions for relapses (ADEM readmissions) or for continued comorbidities (non-ADEM readmissions).

RESULTS:

A total of 954 patients with ADEM had 1117 admissions. Treatments included steroids (80%), immunoglobulin (22%), and plasmapheresis (6.6%); 15% of admissions included none of these treatments. Treatments varied by center (P < .001). Thirty-four percent of admissions included ICU admission, which was associated with an increased number and duration of treatments (P < .01). The discharge disposition was home in 85% of admissions; home with health services, rehab facility, or other in 13.6%; and mortality in 1.4%. Twelve percent (117 of 954) of patients had >1 admission for ADEM. Treatment choice and ICU stay were not associated with ADEM readmissions. Sixteen percent (181 of 1101) of ADEM admissions had a non-ADEM readmission within 90 days. Prolonged ICU hospitalization was associated with non-ADEM readmission (adjusted odds ratio 1.9; P = .017) and decreased likelihood of discharge from the hospital to home (adjusted odds ratio 0.1; P < .001). After adjusting for ICU duration, treatment choice and duration were not associated with non-ADEM readmission or hospital disposition.

CONCLUSIONS:

Significant variation in ADEM treatment exists across centers. Admission to an ICU for ADEM was associated with increased immunotherapy, additional health services at discharge, and readmission for diagnoses other than ADEM.