bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Audiovisuales para la práctica instrumental en un escenario flipped classroom
Authors: Palazón-Herrera José
Published: July 2019

Este artículo presenta una experiencia de aula en la que estudiantes de música de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria han trabajado temas de música moderna bajo una metodología de aula invertida (flipped classroom) usando vídeos como recurso fundamental para la práctica instrumental. Los resultados de un análisis descriptivo muestran una valoración muy positiva por parte del alumnado tanto de la metodología utilizada (tareas en clase frente a las explicaciones del profesor en casa; adaptación al ritmo del alumno; interés por la práctica instrumental; mejor preparación para el trabajo grupal) como de los vídeos diseñados (contenidos similares a una clase expositiva; aumento de la confianza para las clases presenciales; motivación de uso; duración; calidad e independencia del alumno con respecto a su profesor). Aunque se trata de un estudio exploratorio, puede afirmarse que el diseño de vídeos y su uso bajo una metodología adecuada pueden repercutir positivamente en la práctica instrumental dentro y fuera del aula.
Dispositivos de accountability na reforma da educação básica brasileira: tendências em curso
Authors: Schneider Marilda Pasqual
Published: July 2019

Demandas recorrentes pela utilização de dispositivos de accountability na educação têm levado pesquisadores da área a enveredar seus estudos por esse tema. No intuito de contribuir com o debate, constitui objetivo deste texto empreender uma análise em torno do vocabulário da reforma na educação básica brasileira, de modo a perspectivar tendências em curso a partir da apropriação de expressões e mecanismos atualmente associados à accountability educacional. Partindo do pressuposto de que os documentos da reforma procuram criar o que Jameson (1997) denomina de hegemonia discursiva em torno das mudanças requeridas, o percurso metodológico compreende levantamento de documentos que permitem traçar o caminho dessas mudanças na educação básica e análise de palavras e expressões neles recorrentes. Os resultados evidenciam construção de uma rede discursiva no vocabulário da reforma que, no seu conjunto, vaticina mudança nos modos de regulação da educação básica, pautada na participação, transparência e controle social. Contrariando a perspectiva de uma política para uma educação básica democrática, disseminada nos documentos analisados, a interpretação das significações do vocabulário concordam com características para uma accountability gerencial, a partir da qual seja possível alcançar eficiência educacional e competitividade internacional por meio de reformas alinhadas com princípios da new public management.
A morte da Pedagogia? Os fundamentos modernos da educação escolar frente aos desafios da pós-modernidade numa perspectiva histórico-filosófica
Authors: Lopes de Lima João Francisco
Published: July 2019

O artigo parte da premissa de que a Pedagogia, enquanto campo teórico-prático, produz diversos enunciados para significar as práticas pedagógicas escolares, desde a Modernidade. Esse legado moderno de formação do “sujeito educado” enfrenta dificuldades nas condições práticas de sua realização, em virtude do cenário pós-moderno que interpela a metafísica, as grandes narrativas, a ideia de unidade e de universalidade, e também a noção de sujeito. Diante do anúncio da morte da metafísica e da morte do sujeito, o pósmoderno representaria também a morte da Pedagogia, já que sucumbem as categorias que lhe são estruturantes. O presente estudo, de caráter bibliográfico, sistematiza argumentos para caracterizar esse cenário social e cultural e refletir sobre a possibilidade de a Pedagogia enfrentar o relativismo e a falta de expectativas quanto ao futuro, típicos desse cenário, diante da necessidade de continuar gerando discursos que possam amparar as práticas pedagógicas escolares. A argumentação busca ofertar recursos teóricos a partir de uma leitura não niilista do pós-moderno, e aposta na preservação e renovação, ainda que em bases menos seguras, do potencial pedagógico da tradição moderna como forma de dar sentido às práticas pedagógicas escolares.
A documentação da Câmara dos Deputados: fonte para a história da instrução no Império (1826-1834)
Authors: Anjos Juarez José Tuchinski dos
Published: July 2019

Adotando os procedimentos metodológicos da teorização de fontes (FARIA FILHO, 1997a; NUNES, 2005) e dialogando com a historiografia da educação imperial, o artigo tem por objetivo identificar e apontar as características e possibilidades da documentação existente no Arquivo Histórico da Câmara dos Deputados, em Brasília (DF), com vistas à produção de fontes para o estudo da história da instrução elementar no Brasil Império. Detêm-se cronologicamente nos anos de 1826 a 1834, fase da centralização do ensino elementar imperial. As conclusões apontam para a hipótese de que da documentação custodiada no Arquivo Histórico da Câmara dos Deputados emerge um duplo testemunho para a pesquisa sobre a história da escolarização no Império: de uma parte, as diferentes atitudes políticas em torno da escola e da escolarização da infância no país, mediadas por agentes políticos designados representantes da nação; de outra parte, a partir das referências aos contextos concretos vivenciados no país à época — particularmente de professores e outras pessoas envolvidas diretamente com o mundo da escola —, sentidos e significados sobre a história da educação na fase da centralização do ensino elementar, pouco observados até o momento, mas que podem vir a ser mais bem evidenciados pelo estudo do tipo de escola e escolarização que ali se vinha produzindo.
O Centro de Treinamento de Pessoal do Estado do Paraná e a capacitação e aperfeiçoamento do professor
Authors: Costa Reginaldo Rodrigues da
Published: July 2019

O presente texto pretende apresentar as ações desenvolvidas pelo Centro de Seleção, Treinamento e Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal do Paraná — CETEPAR, durante o período de 1971 a 1982. Ao propor este objeto de pesquisa acredita-se que as informações históricas sobre a capacitação desses professores podem completar lacunas da história da educação paranaense e permitem compreender os problemas apresentados atualmente na educação paranaense. O que se apresenta neste texto é apenas um recorte de um estudo maior, de doutoramento, que tem como objeto as ações de aperfeiçoamento e capacitação de professores que ensinavam matemática que foram desenvolvidas pelo governo do Estado do Paraná durante o período de 1961 até 1982.
Entrevista a Vladan Joler, investigador de la Share Foundation
Authors: Berga Quelic
Published: July 2019

En esta entrevista, el Prof. Vladan Joler nos habla de aspectos tan relevantes como la privacidad de los usuarios de Facebook y del uso que hace esta plataforma de los datos que recopilan de cada uno de ellos. También hace varias reflexiones muy interesantes sobre la relación entre la privacidad y la ética en el entorno digital actual y futuro.
Application of probabilistic graphical models for data aggregation in large-scale human-machine computing systems
Authors: Ponomarev Andrei
Published: July 2019

The article is devoted to the problem of ensuring the quality of results in information processing systems, where some operations are performed with the involvement of people, interaction with whom is carried out via the Internet. Such systems are widely used in solving various tasks, but the involvement of a person in information processing tasks is associated with a set of fundamental limitations inherent in a person: low speed of information processing, the need for motivation, the possibility of errors or purposeful distortion of information. Thus, the development of methods and tools for managing the quality of results obtained with the help of such systems is an urgent task. The article proposes a model of data aggregation to improve the quality of results obtained using large-scale human-machine computing. The application of the model is considered by the example of solving the problem of marking and searching for images obtained as part of mass athletics events (runs). The assessment of the effect of aggregation is carried out on the basis of simulation modeling. The results of the study of the proposed approach have shown that integration is especially effective in conditions of poor-quality markup. However, even in conditions of high-quality markup, the use of aggregation allows you to increase the completeness of search results. In general, it can be concluded that the use of data aggregation in the processing of human-machine computing results is a promising approach, and the use of probabilistic graphical models for aggregation allows you to smoothly increase the accuracy of the results of the system with an increase in the amount of available information.
Radiation dose-response (a Bayesian model) in the radiotherapy of the localized prostatic adenocarcinoma: the reliability of PSA slope changes as a response surrogate endpoint
Authors: Mohammadpour Reza Ali , Yazdani- Charati Jamshid , Faghani SZahra , Alizadeh Ahad , Barzegartahamtan Mohammadreza
Published: July 2019

Purpose

One of the characteristics of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) is PSA slope. It is the rate of diminishing PSA marker over time after radiotherapy (RT) in prostate cancer (PC) patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between increasing RT doses and PSA slope as a potential surrogate for PC recurrence.

Patients and Methods

This retrospective study was conducted on PC patients who were treated by radiotherapy in the Cancer Institute of Iran during 2007–2012. By reviewing the records of these patients, the baseline PSA measurement before treatment (iPSA), Gleason score (GS), clinical T stage (T. stage), and periodic PSA measurements after RT and the total radiation dose received were extracted for each patient separately. We used a Bayesian dose-response model, analysis of variance, Kruskal–Wallis test, Kaplan–Meier product-limit method for analysis. Probability values less 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results

Based on the D’Amico risk assessment system, 13.34% of patients were classified as “Low Risk”, 51.79% were “Intermediate Risk”, and 34.87% were “High Risk”. In terms of radiation doses, 12.31% of the patients received fewer than 50 Gy, 15.38% received 50 to 69 Gy, 61.03% received 70 Gy, and 11.28% received more than 70 Gy. The PSA values decreased after RT for all dose levels. The slope of PSA changes was negative for 176 of 195 patients. By increasing the dosage of radiation, the PSA decreased but these changes were not statistically significant (p = 0.701) and PSA slope as a surrogate end point cannot met the Prentice’s criteria for PC recurrence.

Conclusion

Significant changes in the dose-response relationship were not observed when the PSA slope was considered as the response criterion. Therefore, although the absolute value of the PSA decreased with increasing doses of RT, the relationship between PSA slope changes and increasing doses was not clear and cannot be used as a reliable response surrogate endpoint.
Production and purification of mannan oligosaccharide with epithelial tight junction enhancing activity
Authors: Nopvichai Chatchai , Charoenwongpaiboon Thanapon , Luengluepunya Navaporn , Ito Kazuo , Muanprasat Chatchai , Pichyangkura Rath
Published: July 2019

Background

Mannanan oligosaccharide (MOS) is well-known as effective supplement food for livestock to increase their nutrients absorption and health status, but the structure and identification of bioactive MOS remain unclear. In this study, MOS production was accomplished, using enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated coconut meal substrate with recombinant mannanase.

Methods

The mannanase gene was cloned fromBacillus subtilis cAE24, then expressed in BL21. Purified Mannanase exhibit stability over a wide range of pH and temperature from pH 6–8 and 4 °C to 70 °C, respectively. SEM analysis revealed that sonication could change the surface characteristic of copra meal, which gave better MOS yield, compared to untreated substrates. The separation and purification of each MOS were achieved using Biogel-P2 column chromatography. Determination of biological active MOS species was also investigated. T84 cells were cultured and treated with each of the purified MOS species to determine their tight junction enhancing activity.

Results

Scanning electron microscope imaging showed that pretreatment using sonication could disrupt the surface of copra meal better than grinding alone, which can improve the production of MOS. Pentamer of MOS (M5) significantly increased tight junction integration of T84 cells measured with TEER (p < 0.0001).
Mitochondrial genomics of human pathogenic parasiteLeishmania(Viannia)panamensis
Authors: Urrea Daniel Alfonso , Triana-Chavez Omar , Alzate Juan F.
Published: July 2019

Background

The human parasiteLeishmania (V.) panamensisis one of the pathogenic species responsible for cutaneous leishmaniasis in Central and South America. Despite its importance in molecular parasitology, its mitochondrial genome, divided into minicircles and maxicircles, haven’t been described so far.

Methods

Using NGS-based sequencing (454 and ILLUMINA), and combiningde novogenome assembly and mapping strategies, we report the maxicircle kDNA annotated genome ofL. (V.) panamensis, the first reference of this molecule for the subgenusViannia. A comparative genomics approach is performed against otherLeishmaniaandTrypanosomaspecies.

Results

The results show synteny of mitochondrial genes ofL. (V.) panamensiswith other kinetoplastids. It was also possible to identify nucleotide variants within the coding regions of the maxicircle, shared among some of them and others specific to each strain. Furthermore, we compared the minicircles kDNA sequences of two strains and the results show that the conserved and divergent regions of the minicircles exhibit strain-specific associations.
Improvement on Energy Consumption of Household Refrigerator
Authors: Makinde Michael T. , Oni Taiwo O.
Published: July 2019

In this work, a household refrigerator was fabricated and improvement on its energy consumption, by means of a composite insulation, was examined. The refrigerator was constructed with a cooler, which is made of 1.7 mm-thick plastic as its outer insulation. The outer, middle, and inner insulations of the cooler serve as the outer, middle, and inner walls, respectively, of the refrigerator. The inner insulation is 0.6mm-thick polystyrene and the middle insulation was originally 60mm-thick styro foam. After the initial experiment with the styro foam, it (the styro foam) was removed and replaced in succession with other insulations, namely rigid polyurethane foam, expanded polyurethane foam, fibre glass, and composite insulations, for which the experiments were successively repeated. The results indicated that the refrigerator with composite insulation consumed the least amount of energy of 0.195 kWh/day and it also had the lowest value of heat flux of 0.130 W/m2. The results obtained from the experiments on instantaneous heat flux and instantaneous temperature further revealed that of all the insulations considered in the present work, the refrigerator with composite insulation has the highest capacity to retain heat in the refrigerating chamber of the refrigerator. The inference is that the use of composite insulation can reduce energy consumption of a household refrigerator.
Emission of CO2 and Organic Carbon Content in Different Pasture Management Systems
Authors: Crause Déborah Hoffmam , Vitória Edney Leandro da , Simon Carla Da Penha , Graça Lacerda Élcio das , Rodrigues Tatiana Fiorotti , Avancini Yago Soares , Valle Juliana Menegassi , Dos Santos Joyce Lopes
Published: July 2019

Inadequate soil management is one of the primary causes of pasture degradation, aggravated by the replacement of natural forest environments with cultivated pastures. Thus, the objective of the present study was to quantify the flux of CO2 and organic carbon of the soil in grasslands undergoing intensive and extensive management, and in a native forest. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with three treatments: intensive management system (IMS), extensive management system (EMS), and native vegetation (NV). The collected soil variables consisted of CO2 flux, organic carbon, temperature, and humidity. The CO2 flux quantification was obtained using LI-COR 8100-A equipment, chamber model 103. Carbon determination was performed according to EMBRAPA methodology, and soil temperature and humidity were plotted using a model 5TM Decagon Devices® sensor. The respective mean CO2 flux values for the IMS, EMS, and NV were 2.18; 4.04, and 1.69 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1, and the values ​​found for organic carbon content were 32.9; 24.3, and 14.9 g kg-1, respectively. The intensive management system exhibited higher CO2 flux from the soil to the atmosphere, and the soil containing native vegetation displayed greater values of organic carbon content.
Optimization and Kinetic Modeling of the Removal of Lead from Enugu Coal by Acid Leaching
Authors: Ezenwa Okoro Sylvanus , Oluchukwu Asadu Christian , Agaba Abuh Mark
Published: July 2019

Removal of lead from Enugu coal with different acids as the leachant under different conditions such as leaching time, particle size, acid concentration, and leachant volume was investigated in this studies. The filtrate from each treatment was analyzed with Atomic Absorption X-ray Spectrometer (AAS) to determine the amount of lead leached. Nitric acid was found to be the best acid for the leaching of lead from Enugu coal. Kinetic studies carried out showed that the dissolution rate increased with: decreasing particle size, increase in stirring speed, acid concentration and leaching temperature. The experimental results revealed that the dissolution rate is a chemical reaction controlled via hydrogen ion concentration [H+], with reaction order of 0.9 and the reaction kinetics can be expressed as 1-(1-X)1/3 =2.566x10-4(CHNO3)0.86 (dp).992 (L/S).44 (SS).049 exp(53.49/RT). A quadratic model was predicted and optimized using second order orthogonal design (Box-Benken) which resulted in Particle size of 40µm, reaction time of 8.5 hours, and HNO3 concentration of 2mol/dm3. The optimum conditions were validated at model desirability of 1. Experimental value of 96.39% with error of 0.530% was removed.
Impact of early home psychotropic medication reinitiation on surrogate measures of intensive care unit delirium
Authors: Li Matthew , Chang Mei H. , Miranda-Valdes Yeismel , Vest Kirsten , Kish Troy D.
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Intensive care unit (ICU) delirium is a major contributing factor to increased mortality, length of stay, and cost of care. Psychotropic medications may often require extensive tapering to prevent withdrawal symptoms; during ICU admission, home psychotropics are frequently held which may precipitate acute drug withdrawal and subsequent delirium.

Methods

This is a single-center, observational, retrospective chart review. The primary endpoint was the total number of new-start antipsychotics used to treat ICU delirium. Secondary endpoints included use of restraints, ICU length of stay, and hospital length of stay.

Results

A total of 2334 charts were reviewed for inclusion; 55 patients were categorized into each group. There was no statistically significant difference in the requirement for new-start antipsychotics (P = 1.0), restraint use (P = .057), or ICU length of stay (P = .71). There was a statistically significant decrease in hospital length of stay (P = .048).

Discussion

Early reinitiation was associated with a decrease in hospital length of stay but was not associated with a decrease in the number of new-start antipsychotics, use of restraints, or ICU length of stay.
Impact on an integrated psychiatric pharmacy service in a primary care clinic
Authors: Chavez Benjamin , Kosirog Emily
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Traditionally, clinical pharmacists have been employed in the primary care setting to help manage chronic disease states, such as diabetes and hypertension. Although the benefits of pharmacists managing chronic conditions have been extensively published, published data for clinical pharmacist mental health services in primary care is limited to Veterans Affairs populations. This article describes a practice model in which pharmacists are providing psychiatric medication management and consultation in a federally qualified health center.

Methods

A period of 1 year from the psychiatric pharmacy service was analyzed from April 1, 2017, to March 31, 2018. Reports were generated that included information about psychiatric pharmacy consults, 1-on-1 psychiatric pharmacy visits, and psychotropic medication prescribing/dispensing trends. Each consult was further reviewed for additional details, including patient characteristics, medications prescribed, psychiatric diagnoses involved, and actions taken.

Results

A review of this pharmacy service showed significant pharmacist involvement in psychiatric medication consults and 1-on-1 visits. Common disease states consulted on were depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, and neurologic disorders, which reflects psychiatric disease states commonly seen in primary care practice. Provider satisfaction survey results showed that the service was valued and that providers felt their comfort in prescribing psychotropic medications improved due to the service.

Discussion

The service described here exemplifies the potential for pharmacists in the ambulatory care setting to expand beyond the traditional chronic disease state management. It also speaks to a potential role for psychiatric pharmacists in the primary care setting.
A review of a recently published guidelines' “strong recommendation” for therapeutic drug monitoring of olanzapine, haloperidol, perphenazine, and fluphenazine
Authors: Noel Christopher
Published: July 2019

Introduction

In addition to clozapine, there is a growing body of evidence that supports therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for additional antipsychotics commonly used in the United States.

Methods

The Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Neuropsychopharmakologie und Pharmakopsychiatrie (AGNP) published TDM guidelines for several psychiatric medications. Sources were identified that the authors used to establish therapeutic reference ranges for haloperidol, fluphenazine, perphenazine, and olanzapine—4 antipsychotics commonly used in the United States with a “strong recommendation” for TDM. The sources were then reviewed for content and appropriateness for utilization in establishing the reference ranges.

Results

Olanzapine had 15 citations, haloperidol had 9, perphenazine had 4, and fluphenazine had 2. The studies' methods were reviewed along with the proposed therapeutic reference ranges.

Discussion

Several limitations of the guidelines were identified. Reference ranges were suggested based on studies of patients with various diagnoses; some patients had an acute exacerbation, and others were in a maintenance phase. An additional publication was identified that reviewed similar (and additional) TDM studies; those conclusions were in slight contrast with those of the AGNP guidelines. In the future, guidance should be given to those looking to conduct TDM studies to standardize methods and make meta-analysis of this data more feasible.
The Nature of Revolution on Animal Farm
Authors: Mustafa Goran Omar
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Revolution as a phenomenon is considered as a way to a complete change of a situation or system of government to a better one. Dose revolution really is the right way to fulfil our dreams and have a better way of life? Or simply it is just changing the face of rulers or the name of the governments.  Many writers and novelists wrote about this issue. George Orwell which is considered as apolitical writer, is one of them. He wrote many novels. Animal Farm, as one of them, is an allegorical story of some animals in a farm. They begin a revolution against the humans with the dream of getting rid of Man as the root cause of their problems, and to be rich and free. They have a short period of honeymoon revolution, but then their dream of building a utopian farm crashes by the pigs and would find themselves in dystopia. This paper aims to study the nature of revolution generally in the shed light of human history. Then to explore how this phenomenon is treated by Orwell in his novel. Can we consider revolution as a right way to have a complete change in the political system and thinking of people? The researchers try to illuminate and find answer for those questions by providing examples from the story of Animal Farm.
The kangaroo mother care method in the light of Leininger’s theory / Cuidados maternos no método canguru à luz da teoria de Leininger
Authors: França Lima Karinne Dayane , Morais Aisiane Cedraz , Reis Cinthia Almeida , Cohim Anna Carolina Oliveira
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: Compreender os cuidados maternos na segunda etapa do método canguru à luz da Teoria de Leininger. Métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa, fundamentada na Teoria Transcultural do Cuidado de Leininger, realizada com oito mães internadas no alojamento canguru, mediante entrevista semiestruturada. Resultados: Foram constituídas as categorias: O “ser” prematuro para as mães; Preocupação com a perda de peso; Rotina materna de cuidados com o bebê; Práticas populares de saúde no cuidado do prematuro. Discussão: Evidenciou-se que as mães sofrem com o bebê real imposto pela prematuridade, o que pode ser mostrado através da preocupação exacerbada, principalmente nos cuidados rotineiros. Observou-se as influências culturais implícitas no cuidado, bem como experiências pessoais e os ensinamentos formais no direcionamento do cuidado. Conclusão: O profissional de saúde deve compreender que o cuidar/cuidado reveste-se de singularidades atreladas ao seu contexto sociocultural.
The diagnosis way towards rehabilitation: feelings and support network of women experiencing cancer and mastectomy / O caminho do diagnóstico à reabilitação: os sentimentos e rede de apoio das mulheres que vivenciam o câncer e a mastectomia
Authors: Urio Ângela , Barros de Souza Jeane , Manorov Maraísa , Bellaver Soares Rozana
Published: July 2019

Objective: The study’s goal has been to know the feelings of women before the diagnosis of breast cancer and the need for mastectomy, identifying their support network in coping with the disease. Methods: It is a descriptive-exploratory study with a qualitative approach. A script with semi-structured questions was used for data collection and the data arrangement occurred through content analysis. Results: There were ten mastectomized women residing in Chapecó city, Santa Catarina State. The feelings about the cancer diagnosis ranged from despair and fear of death, up to the effort to overcome it. Regarding the feelings associated with experiencing the mastectomy, the shock came out, also negative thinking, understanding of the need to removing the breast and resilience. The support networks were described mainly as family, friends, and faith. Conclusion: When facing the diagnosis, women come up with many uncertainties; therefore, it is necessary stimulating health professionals to support women in the disease coping process.
The therapeutic play in nursing graduation: from theory to practice / O brinquedo terapêutico na graduação de enfermagem: da teoria à prática
Authors: Da Cunha Salomão Barroso Maria Clara , Cursino Emília Gallindo , Diniz Machado Maria Estela , Da Silva Luciana Rodrigues , Bastos Depianti Jéssica Renata , Da Silva Liliane Faria
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: identificar o uso do brinquedo terapêutico pelos acadêmicos de enfermagem no cuidado à criança hospitalizada e discutir as implicações de seu uso na trajetória do acadêmico de enfermagem. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, desenvolvida em uma Escola de Enfermagem Federal no Rio de Janeiro com 17 acadêmicos. A coleta de dados foi realizada em outubro e novembro de 2016 por meio de entrevista semiestrutura e tratados com a técnica de análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: o brinquedo terapêutico é apresentado ao aluno no conteúdo teórico, porém sem a oportunidade de aplicá-lo na prática. Sua aplicação prática o deixaria mais seguro para prestar assistência à criança, somado a qualidade do cuidado prestado e os benefícios para ela. Conclusão: o ensino do brinquedo terapêutico deve acontecer em campo prático, e não somente no teórico, contribuindo assim, para melhor formação do enfermeiro e melhoria da qualidade da assistência pediátrica.
The nursing professionals’ knowledge with regards to the nursing care systematization / Conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem sobre a sistematização da assistência de enfermagem
Authors: Mola Rachel , Dias Megliane Lopes , Costa Josely de França , Fernandes Flávia Emília Cavalcante Valença , Lira Gerlene Grudka
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento dos profissionais de Enfermagem sobre Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem (SAE). Métodos: Pesquisa exploratória, quantitativa, descritiva e analítica, realizada com 105 profissionais de Enfermagem assistenciais em Hospital Universitário no período de Janeiro à Maio de 2017. Foi aplicado questionário semiestruturado cujos dados foram apresentados por estatística descritiva e analítica adotando-se 5% de significância e 95% de confiança. Foram utilizados os testes de Mann-Whitney, Exato de Fisher e Qui-quadrado de Person para associação bivariada. Pesquisa aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, CAAE 57875216.2.0000.5207. Resultados: Amostra constituída de 74,3% Técnicos de Enfermagem e 25,7% Enfermeiros, prevalência do sexo feminino, solteiros, que não realizaram aperfeiçoamento sobre SAE. Conclusão: Existem lacunas no conhecimento sobre SAE, sendo necessário aprimorar o ensino nas instituições de formação técnica e superior, estimular a qualificação profissional e treinamento da equipe para utilização dos instrumentos relacionados ao Processo de Enfermagem.
Sociodemographic and clinical profile of elderly people chronic users of omeprazole attending the basic health network / Perfil sociodemográfico e clínico de idosos usuários crônicos de omeprazol na rede básica de saúde
Authors: Colet Christiane de Fátima , Lorenz Camile , Oliveira Karla Renata , Schneider Aline
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico de idosos usuários crônicos de omeprazol. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com usuários com idade superior a 60 anos, que retiraram o omeprazol na Farmácia Pública de Panambi/RS. Resultados: Participaram da pesquisa 60 idosos, com idade média de 67,90 ±5,6 anos. Duas interações graves foram identificadas envolvendo citalopram e clopidogrel. Observou-se a presença nas prescrições de medicamentos que tem a sua absorção alterada pelo uso concomitante com o omeprazol como captopril (25%) e enalapril (16,7%). Conclusão: Desta forma, evidenciou-se uma população suscetível a riscos que necessita de acompanhamento farmacêutico.
Embracing Plasticity: Unlocking the Full Potential of Flexible and Stretchable Electronics Through the Elastoplastic Behavior of Metallic Materials
Authors: An Dongqi , Gong Guangping , Xu Dian , Zhou Zanxin , Li Rui , Su Yewang
Published: December 2024

Metallic materials serving as indispensable conductors critically influence the performance of flexible electronics. Conventional structural designs have restricted metallic materials to exhibiting pure elastic deformation, but recent developments have emphasized an increased significance of plastic deformation, showing great potential for new breakthroughs in developing novel flexible electronics. This review first introduces the elastoplastic behavior of metallic materials, especially those capable of withstanding remarkable plastic deformation. The main design strategies toward flexible and stretchable electronics expanding elastic deformation range are then summarized, incorporating both strain alleviation and strain delocalization. Innovative studies exploiting plasticity for enhancing device performances or achieving shape‐forming and reconfigurable electronics are further highlighted. Some perspectives on utilizing the elastoplastic behavior of metallic materials to innovate the next generation of flexible electronics are finally provided.
Magnesium‐Impregnated Membrane Promotes Bone Regeneration in Rat Skull Defect by N‐Linked Glycosylation of SPARC via MagT1
Authors: Chen Weisin , Lu Hongwei , Yu Wenhao , Huang Lei , Bian Mengxuan , Wang Ning , Xiang Xingdong , Mo Guokang , Zhang Cheng , Li Yulin , Jiang Libo , Zhang Jian
Published: December 2024

Autograft has long been the gold standard for various bone surgeries. Nevertheless, the increasing usage of synthetic implants is taking over the operation rooms due to biosafety and standardized protocols. To fulfill such tremendous needs, a magnesium‐impregnated membrane is devised that steadily releases magnesium ions to stimulate osteogenesis. The compatibility of Magnesium oxide (MgO) particles is enhanced through hydration and grafting, characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). With detailed degradation profiles, an in‐depth investigation of Magnesium transporter 1 (MagT1) for magnesium intake is carried out and engaging in the N‐linked glycosylation by using RNAi and inhibitors. The glycosylation of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) affected extracellular secretion and mineral deposition, demonstrated by immunostaining and density‐dependent color‐SEM (DDC‐SEM). Skull defects are treated by implanting magnesium‐impregnated membranes in rats and evaluated them by micro‐CT and histological exams. This study revealed the compatible integration of grafted magnesium hydroxide (g‐MH) particles is the key to functional performance and critical to applicability in vivo; meanwhile, it opens the door to a biological rationale for designing biomimetic materials.
Optimization of Charge Extraction and Interconnecting Layers for Highly Efficient Perovskite/Organic Tandem Solar Cells with High Fill Factor
Authors: Wu Xin , Zhang Dong , Liu Baoze , Wang Yan , Wang Xue , Liu Qi , Gao Danpeng , Wang Ning , Li Bo , Wang Lina , Yu Zexin , Li Xintong , Xiao Shuang , Li Nan , Stolterfoht Martin , Lin Yen‐Hung , Yang Shangfeng , Zeng Xiao Cheng , Zhu Zonglong
Published: December 2024

Perovskite/organic tandem solar cells (POTSCs) have garnered significant attention due to their potential for achieving high photovoltaic (PV) performance. However, the reported power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) and fill factors (FFs) are still subpar due to the challenges associated with charge extraction in the organic bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) and significant energy losses in the interconnecting layers (ICLs). Here, a quaternary organic BHJ blend is developed to enhance the charge extraction in the organic subcell, contributing to an increased FF of ≥78% under 1 sun illumination and even more under lower illumination intensities. Meanwhile, energy losses in the ICLs are reduced via the incorporation of a self‐assembly monolayer (SAM), (4‐(3,6‐Dimethyl‐9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)butyl)phosphonic acid (Me‐4PACz), in organic BHJ to form a MoOx/SAM interface and the thorough control of the MoOx thickness to suppress parasitic absorption. The resultant POTSCs achieve a remarkable PCE of 25.56% (certified: 24.65%), with a record FF of 83.62%, which is among the highest PCEs of POTSCs and the highest FF of all types of perovskite‐based tandem solar cells (TSCs) till now. This work proves the optimization of charge extraction and ICLs are effective strategies to promote the performance of POTSCs to surpass other solution‐processed perovskite‐based TSCs in the near future.
Hydride‐Induced Reconstruction of Pd Electrode Surfaces: A Combined Computational and Experimental Study
Authors: Ngoipala Apinya , Schott Christian , Briega‐Martos Valentin , Qamar Minaam , Mrovec Matous , Javan Nikkhah Sousa , Schmidt Thorsten O. , Deville Lewin , Capogrosso Andrea , Moumaneix Lilian , Kallio Tanja , Viola Arnaud , Maillard Frédéric , Drautz Ralf , Bandarenka Aliaksandr S. , Cherevko Serhiy , Vandichel Matthias , Gubanova Elena L.
Published: December 2024

Designing electrocatalysts with optimal activity and selectivity relies on a thorough understanding of the surface structure under reaction conditions. In this study, experimental and computational approaches are combined to elucidate reconstruction processes on low‐index Pd surfaces during H‐insertion following proton electroreduction. While electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy clearly reveals pronounced surface roughening and morphological changes on Pd(111), Pd(110), and Pd(100) surfaces during cyclic voltammetry, a complementary analysis using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry excludes Pd dissolution as the primary cause of the observed restructuring. Large‐scale molecular dynamics simulations further show that these surface alterations are related to the creation and propagation of structural defects as well as phase transformations that take place during hydride formation.
Tunable Mirror‐Symmetric Type‐III Ising Superconductivity in Atomically‐Thin Natural Van der Waals Heterostructures
Authors: Sun Xikang , Deng Zhengkuan , Yang Yichen , Yu Shuang , Huang Yuqiang , Lu Yunhao , Tao Qian , Shen Da‐Wei , He Wen‐Yu , Xi Chuanying , Pi Li , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Xu Zhu‐An , Zheng Yi
Published: December 2024

Van der Waals (vdW) crystals with strong spin‐orbit coupling (SOC) provide great opportunities for exploring unconventional 2D superconductors, wherein new pairing states emerge due to the interplay of SOC with crystalline symmetries, electronic correlations, quenched disorders and external modulation forces, etc. Here, a distinct mirror‐symmetry protected Ising pairing state with unprecedented Γ‐ and M‐valley symmetries in natural vdW heterostructures (vdWH) of interweaving tetragonal SnSe and trigonal 1H‐TaSe2 monolayers is reported, in which the unidirectional lattice interlocking effectively suppresses the K‐valley Ising pairing mechanism by incommensurate charge‐density‐wave (CDW) transitions. In the 2D limit of an TaSe2/SnSe bilayer with intact basal mirror symmetry (Mz), the mirror‐symmetric vdWH Ising superconductors show anomalous in‐plane magnetic field B‖‐controlled enhancements in the critical temperature Tc, which is completely absent for multilayer vdWHs with broken Mz induced by orthorhombic stacking between nearest‐neighbour TaSe2 monolayers. The experimental observations consistently reveal a mirror symmetry‐protected type‐III Ising state in the inversion asymmetric lattice of 1H‐TaSe2, which is predicted to be a mixture of spin‐singlet and spin‐triplet states.
Si‐H Hydrosilane Reducing Agents for Size‐ and Shape‐Controlled InAs Colloidal Quantum Dots
Authors: Skorotetcky Maxim S. , Mir Wasim J. , Sheikh Tariq , Yorov Khursand E. , Saidzhonov Bedil M. , Daws Sawsan , Zhou Renqian , Hedhili Mohamed N. , Abulikemu Mutalifu , Mohammed Omar F. , Bakr Osman M.
Published: December 2024

InAs colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are a promising heavy‐metal‐free material for infrared optoelectronic devices. However, their synthesis is limited by their reagents: the acutely toxic and difficult to source tris(trimethylsilyl)arsine ((TMS)3As), as well as the strong reducing agents (e.g., Super Hydride). A reducing agent is introduced based on hydrosilanes (Si‐H) to address both challenges. A synthesis strategy with this agent is demonstrated, resulting in monodisperse InAs CQDs with a tunable first excitonic peak between 520 and 900 nm by hot injection, and between 900 and 1550 nm by continuous injection. Furthermore, by avoiding the use of carboxyl group‐containing compounds, such as oleic acid or indium acetate, the synthesis minimizes surface oxidation during InAs CQDs formation. The synthesized InAs CQDs are of high optoelectronic quality, with a lower concentration of deep trap states, as evident by the remarkable characteristics of photodetectors fabricated from these CQDs: low dark current (≈150 nA cm−2), external quantum efficiency (32% at 900 nm), and a fast photoresponse time (≈4.4 µs). The elimination of (TMS)3As in the synthesis overcomes a key practical barrier for exploiting and exploring the properties of large InAs CQDs in optoelectronic applications.
Self‐Reinforcing Ionogel Bioadhesive Interface for Robust Integration and Monitoring of Bioelectronic Devices with Hard Tissues
Authors: Jiang Chenghao , Fu Junhao , Zhang Hao , Hua Yingjie , Cao Leitao , Ren Jing , Zhou Mingliang , Jiang Fei , Jiang Xinquan , Ling Shengjie
Published: December 2024

Integrating bioelectronic devices with hard tissues, such as bones and teeth, is essential for advancing diagnostic and therapeutic technologies. However, stable and durable adhesion in dynamic, moist environments remains challenging. Traditional bioadhesives often fail to maintain strong bonds, especially when interfacing with metal electrodes and hard tissues. This study introduces a self‐reinforcing ionogel bioadhesive interface (IGBI) combining silk fibroin and calcium ions, designed to provide robust and conductive integration of bioelectronic devices with hard tissues. The IGBI exhibits strong adhesion (up to 186 J m−2) and undergoes mechanical self‐reinforcement through a structural transition in silk fibroin under physiological conditions. In vivo experiments demonstrate the IGBI's effectiveness in repairing bone defects and reimplanting teeth, with the added capability of wireless, real‐time monitoring of bone healing. This approach allows for continuous tracking of tissue regeneration without a second invasive surgery for device removal. The IGBI represents a significant advancement in bioelectronic integration, offering a durable and versatile solution for challenging environments. Such unique self‐reinforcing properties make the IGBI a promising material for biomedical applications where traditional adhesives are insufficient.
Synergizing Plasmonic Local Heating and 3D Nanostructures to Boost the Solar‐to‐Vapor Efficiency Beyond 100%
Authors: Cheng Pengfei , Klingenhof Malte , Honig Hauke , Zhang Lei , Strasser Peter , Schaaf Peter , Lei Dangyuan , Wang Dong
Published: December 2024

Solving the global challenge of freshwater scarcity is of great significance for over one billion people in the world. Solar water evaporation based on plasmonic nanostructures is one of the most promising technologies due to its high efficiency. However, the efficiency of this plasmonic nanostructure‐based technology can hardly achieve 100%. Therefore, it is highly desired to develop new solar converters utilizing plasmonic local heating and reasonable structure design to break the limit of solar‐to‐vapor efficiency for freshwater production. Here, a plasmonic sponge is developed as a solar evaporation converter with excellent full‐solar‐spectrum absorption, good heat localization performance, and fast evaporation kinetics through 3D nanostructures, achieving a 131% solar‐to‐vapor efficiency. Distinct from the traditional 2D localized heating‐based evaporation and nonmetallic 3D water evaporation, the 3D plasmonic sponge can simultaneously achieve highly efficient local heating and super large water–air interfaces for boosting solar‐to‐vapor efficiency. The 3D plasmonic sponge can be also used as a universal converter for purifying seawater, metal ion solutions, organic pollutant solutions, and strong acid and strong alkaline solutions. The full‐solar‐spectrum absorption, high efficiency, and universality in water purification suggest that the novel 3D plasmonic solar converter can bring a significant way to alleviate the crisis of freshwater resources.
Interfacial Ion Transport in Porous Polydimethylsiloxane–Polydopamine Composites for Solar Thermoelectric Conversion
Authors: Biutty Merreta Noorenza , Jang Seo Hyun , Je Ji Hyang , Choi U Hyeok , Kee Seyoung , Kim Yena , Kim Jungwon , Roh Jong Wook , Kim Joo Hyun , Yoo Seong Il
Published: December 2024

Recent developments in iontronic materials and devices highlight the importance of efficient ion conduction in optimizing their performance. In particular, improving ion transport in polymer electrolytes is key to the progress of advanced energy conversion systems. This study presents a novel approach to enhance the ion conductivity of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)–NaOH electrolytes within porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites. By coating PDMS with a thin layer of polydopamine (PDA) and filling it with PEO–NaOH, numerous hopping sites are generated at the PEO‐PDA interface for efficient Na+ transport, thereby improving ion conductivity. Additionally, by combining the broadband absorption of PDA with the scattering properties of porous PDMS, the ability of the PDA–PDMS composite to efficiently absorb and convert solar radiation into heat is demonstrated. The generated heat is confined to the light‐exposed region due to the thermal insulation provided by the porous PDMS. This confinement creates a temperature gradient across the composite, preferentially enhancing the thermal diffusion of Na+ cations over OH− anions to generate thermoelectric voltage. This unique property allows for the direct conversion of solar energy into electrical energy, offering new possibilities for sustainable and efficient energy technologies.
Simulating Organic Thin Film Transistors Using Multilayer Perceptron Regression Models to Enable Circuit Design
Authors: Calvet Laurie E. , El‐Nakouzi Sami , Li Zonglong , Kim Yerin , Zaibi Amer , Golec Patryk , Bhattacharyya Ie Mei , Bonnassieux Yvan , Kadura Lina , Iñiguez Benjamin
Published: December 2024

There is increasing interest in using specialized circuits based on emerging technologies to develop a new generation of smart devices. The process and device variability exhibited by such materials, however, can present substantial challenges for designing circuits. Three models are considered here: a physical compact model, an empirical look‐up table, and an empirical surrogate model based on a multilayer perceptron (MLP) regression. Each one is fit to measurements of discrete organic thin film transistors in the low voltage regime. It is shown that the models provide consistent results when designing artificial neuron circuits, but that the MLP regression provides the highest accuracy and is much simpler to fit compared to the compact model. The targeted technology exhibits non‐ideal behavior such as variable threshold voltage and hysteresis. Using the MLP regression model, the effect of such variability on the performance of an artificial neuron circuit is compared. It is found that these effects alter the neuron firing rate and change the time spent in the on/off states but do not change the basic operation.