bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis de tendencias: Spin-Offs alternativas para la transferencia de conocimiento en AGROSAVIA
Authors: Flórez Martínez Diego Hernando , Cardenas Solano Leidy Johanna
Published: March 2024

Se realizó una búsqueda de información secundaria para analizar los procesos de transferencia tecnológica enfocados en la creación de spin-off usando la ecuación: TITLE-ABS-KEY ((Creation OR generation OR development) AND (Spin$off* OR spin$out* OR spillover OR “joint$venture” OR start$up OR “tech* bróker”) AND (“tech* transfer” OR “knowledge transfer” OR “business model”)). También se ha tenido en cuenta en la construcción del informe de análisis lo que propone la ley de spin-off de Colombia, donde se define spin-off como una empresa con fines de lucro creada por al menos un miembro de la comunidad universitaria, que basa su actividad en conocimientos, especialmente aquellos protegidos por derechos de propiedad intelectual, obtenidos en el entorno universitario, resultados de actividades de I+D+i (Morales-Gualdrón, 2020; Pérez-Hernández et al., 2021).
Estimación de parámetros genéticos para variables productivas de clones de batata (Ipomoea batatas l.) usando SELEGEN REML/BLUP
Authors: Negrete Laura Espitia , Vega Amante Alexander , Pastrana Vargas Ivan Javier , Rosero Amparo , Espitia Montes Amaury
Published: March 2024

El presente trabajo consistió en estimar parámetros genéticos en variables productivas y de calidad a partir de la evaluación de un ensayo de clones no emparentados de Batata, en diferentes sitios del caribe seco colombiano
Producción de semilla de plátano de calidad Dominico-Hartón en el departamento del Huila
Authors: Polanco Diaz Eliseo , Cruz Lara Dexi Andrea , Muñoz Gómez José Eduin , Betancourt Vásquez Mónica , Rodríguez Yzquierdo Gustavo Adolfo
Published: March 2024

Este manual recoge una curva de aprendizaje realizada por AGROSAVIA en procesos de multiplicación de semilla de plátano que se han llevado a cabo en diferentes sistemas productivos, clones, regiones y niveles de escalamiento. La validación ejecutada en el departamento del Huila y sus cuatro núcleos de producción de semilla de plátano Dominico-Hartón involucra iniciativas que no habían podido integrarse en un solo modelo de producción en forma práctica, eficiente y exitosa. La voluntad, esfuerzo y dedicación de las organizaciones de productores, junto con la apropiación de conocimientos y técnicas que AGROSAVIA puso a disposición de los beneficiarios del proyecto, es una prueba fehaciente de que este tipo de ofertas tecnológicas son técnicamente adecuadas, económicamente viables y socialmente aceptadas. Además del fortalecimiento de capacidades técnicas, se robustecieron enfoques empresariales y organizacionales, que permiten entender y aplicar la producción de semilla de calidad como un agronegocio alternativo a la producción de fruta. Desde el punto de vista social, el proyecto benefició directamente a cien familias y ha generado una sostenibilidad en el tiempo de la implementación de estos modelos productivos en las cuatro localidades de trabajo. En cada núcleo se dejaron establecidos un huerto madre, un huerto de multiplicación intensiva, una cámara térmica, dos túneles de multiplicación, un vivero para el escalamiento de la producción y un lote comercial para la evaluación de la productividad. Se generaron criterios cuantitativos de calidad de semilla y esquemas de aseguramiento de la calidad sanitaria para el clon Dominico-Hartón. Para cada núcleo establecido y de acuerdo con su condición climática, se construyeron los protocolos de producción, los manejos agronómicos para cada etapa de los procesos, se evaluaron costos de producción y se ofrecieron las herramientas para un escalamiento según la demanda de material vegetal, a partir de una visión empresarial y de mercado. Así, AGROSAVIA demuestra su compromiso inquebrantable de transformar de manera sostenible el sector agropecuario colombiano con el poder del conocimiento para mejorar la vida de productores y consumidores.
Use of DNA sequences for identification of possible biotypes of the fruit borer Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), an important pest of Andean solanaceous fruits
Authors: Gallego Sánchez Gerardo J. , Zapata Patricia , Castañeda Oscar , Suárez Baron Harold , Díaz Montilla Ana Elizabeth , Vásquez Wilson , Tohme Joseph M.
Published: March 2024

In Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Brazil and Honduras, the tomato borer, Neoleucinodes elegantalis, is the most important fruit-related plague of the Solanaceae family. A suitable molecular characterization using a DNA barcoding system is necessary to clarify different issues inside the taxonomy of Neoleucinodes genus. Additionally, other DNA sequences used for molecular identification and phylogenetics studies, can be implemented to obtain a better understanding of the genetic variability across different animal groups and allows to acquire a enhanced description of the population s genetic variation. The main objectives of this study are: 1. Evaluate the performance of DNA barcoding sequences (COI gen and 18S rDNA gene), in the genetic characterization of populations of N. elegantalis, collected in different wild and cultivated solanaceous plants in Colombia and Ecuador. 2. Determination of possible haplotypes related with each population belonging to this species. 3.Identification of geographical patterns associated with the distribution of this insect.
Avances en la investigación científica para la detección de adulteración por lactosuero en leche: una aproximación desde la inteligencia científica
Authors: Flórez Martínez Diego Hernando , Navarrete Fernández Julieth Andrea , Morales Castañeda Alexis
Published: March 2024

Los estudios de inteligencia científica contribuyen a la construcción de líneas de bases, estados del arte y revisiones sistemáticas de literatura, de manera previa a la ejecución de proyectos de investigación; la identificación de tecnologías, metodologías, procedimientos y enfoques referentes que orienten la ejecución de los proyectos; y, análisis complementarios que permitan la toma de decisiones sobre la elección de tecnologías, la identificación de aliados, el análisis de retos futuros de investigación y la medición del impacto de la ciencia en la ciencia. Actualmente, una de las principales cadenas productivas que contribuye al desarrollo económico y social, así como a la generación de una ventaja competitiva para el sector agropecuario es la cadena láctea, abarcado la integración de eslabones y sus actores desde el manejo de los hatos lecheros hasta la transformación y adición de valor a la leche y a los derivados lácteos. Sin embargo, la dinámica actual del mercado ha generado, actividades no deseadas relacionadas con la “adulteración” de leche y comercialización de bebidas lácteas cómo “leche” (malas prácticas de etiquetado). La Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, AGROSAVIA en su rol cómo Centro de Investigación del Sector Agropecuario contribuye no solo con tecnologías y resultados de conocimiento, sino también con la prestación de servicios tecnológicos externos para los diferentes actores del Sistema Nacional de Innovación Agropecuaria (SNIA). Uno de estos servicios es la determinación de parámetros de calidad en la leche cruda, en correspondencia a las resoluciones que desde 2012 emite el Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, sobre el sistema de pago por calidad de leche cruda al proveedor. Este sistema permite reconocer el esfuerzo por parte de los productores, en mantener una calidad tanto en contenido cómo en inocuidad del producto.
Vigilancia tecnológica: identificación de usos potenciales de la yuca (manihot esculenta)
Authors: Cardenas Solano Leidy Johanna
Published: March 2024

Los estudios de vigilancia científica se enfocan en la identificación de tendencias de base, emergentes y motor, que conforman el estado del arte de una temática específica para establecer el escenario actual de las actividades de investigación. La vigilancia se concibe como el proceso de obtención, análisis, interpretación y difusión de información de valor estratégico, que se transmite a los responsables de la toma de decisiones en el momento oportuno y que permite conocer las líneas de investigación, el trabajo otras latitudes, las empresas líderes de un producto entre otros. Mediante el uso de la vigilancia tecnológica se analizó estado de la investigación para usos potenciales de la Yuca (Manihot esculenta). Se realizó la revisión de la literatura científica y tecnológica de los diferentes usos que se han identificado para el aprovechamiento de la yuca con el objetivo de identificar potencialidades de este cultivo en el contexto colombiano. La yuca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) denominada batata o mandioca pertenece al género Manihot (Euphorbiaceae) y existen más de 100 especies en el género Manihot, es una de las tres clases de yampi del mundo, se cultiva extensamente en zonas tropicales y subtropicales. Esta raíz es una de las principales materias primas para la fabricación de almidón en la industria, la cual tiene una demanda que asciende aproximadamente a 50 millones de toneladas anuales, y se obtiene principalmente de la patata, el maíz, el trigo y justamente, la yuca. El 65% de la producción total de mandioca en el mundo se destina a la alimentación humana y es uno de los principales cultivos alimentarios para los agricultores de bajos ingresos de las regiones tropicales y subtropicales. Además, es la única especie apta para el cultivo económico, su tubérculo raíz y su lámina foliar son comestibles, y debido a que es un cultivo tropical y tiene altos requerimientos de iluminación, la yuca puede crecer normalmente después de ser cultivada al aire libre y recibir suficiente iluminación. Aunque, cuando las raíces de yuca tienen tiempo suficiente para crecer, el alto rendimiento puede dar un contenido de almidón del 27% al 36%, también conocido como punto máximo de almidón de tapioca.
Research on Legalization of Sustainable Supply of Ecological Products
Authors: Fang Ziying
Published: March 2024

With the widespread attention to global climate change issues, research on sustainable supply of ecological products has become an important area of global concern. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the legal framework for sustainable supply of ecological products, and explore the challenges, opportunities, and good practices for achieving sustainable supply of ecological products. The current problems in the supply of ecological products include unclear property rights, imbalanced supply and demand, and incomplete evaluation mechanism; the sustainable supply of ecological products was analyzed from three aspects: insufficient motivation to supply, inadequate supply capacity, and inadequate supply security mechanism; it is suggested that the property rights system for natural resources should be improved, the mechanism of equilibrium of interests of supplying subjects reshaped, and the rights and interests dispute settlement mechanism constructed.
Comparison between endoscopic and microscopic type 1 tympanoplasty using temporalis fascia graft
Authors: Surapaneni Sai Poojyata  , Pradipt Ranjan Sahoo  , Khageswar Rout  , Nishikant Pradhan  , Kabikanta Samantaray  , Manas Ranjan Rout
Published: March 2024

Aim: is to compare the outcomes of endoscopic vs microscopic type 1 tympanoplasty in patients with central perforation in tympanic membrane with conductive hearing loss. Materials and methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, at a tertiary care hospital and medical college, Odisha. This study was a hospital based single centered simple randomised control trial. A total of 100 cases of CSOM randomised into endoscopic and microscopic assisted tympanoplasty group (50 each) after taking proper informed consent. The duration of study was from September 2019 - August2021. Results: Out of 100 surgeries, there was one failure of uptake of graft and the patient belonged to the endoscopic group. Operative time was significantly shorter in the endoscopic group as compared to the microscopic group. There was no significant difference in terms of graft uptake and hearing improvement among the two groups. Conclusion: In both microscopic and endoscopic Tympanoplasty have their own advantages and disadvantages, Endoscopic Tympanoplasty offers slight benefits over Microscopic Tympanoplasty in terms of shorter duration, less granulation, less post op pain, wide angled view but   it has inherent disadvantages being a single handed procedure. Unlike microscope, endoscope is easily transportable, hence it can be ideally used in camps conducted in remote places
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF UNERUPTED CANINES: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Dhir Shikha , Polepalle Tejaswin , Patel Lipsa , Dave Dhwani
Published: March 2024

Management of impacted canines includes an interdisciplinary approach to achieve desired esthetics, and functional, and occlusal treatment goals. The present case series included various surgical procedures, used for the management of impacted canines and it also highlights the periodontal and orthodontic considerations to be taken before surgical canine exposure. The surgical exposure of canine creates a sufficient space and view of teeth that helps in the proper orthodontic extrusion and traction of teeth into the dental arch.
COMPARATIVE OUTCOME OF NEONATES BORN TO SARS-COV2 (RTPCR TEST) POSITIVE MOTHERS IN 1ST, 2ND, AND 3RD WAVE OF COVID PANDEMIC AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN NORTH INDIA
Authors: Thakkar Tanya , Kaur Surinder , Kaur Baljinder
Published: March 2024

Aims and Objectives: To access the incidence of perinatal transmission of SARS‑CoV‑2 virus from pregnant mothers having RTPCR test positive for SARS‑CoV‑2 virus to their newborn babies, to evaluate the morbidity and mortality in these neonates, and to compare the outcomes of these neonates during the first, second, and third waves of the COVID pandemic (March 2020–July 2022) admitted at a tertiary care health facility in North India (Punjab).
Methods: Data were retrospectively gathered from hospital records for all neonates born to pregnant women who had tested positive for the virus using the RTPCR method from March 2020 to July 2022, when the SARS‑CoV‑2 pandemic was in full swing. In order to assess the relationship between various maternal and perinatal risk factors, a thorough history of the neonate and the pregnant mother was recorded.
Results: During the COVID-19 outbreak, 168 neonates in total were born to mothers who tested positive for the SARS‑CoV‑2 virus. The majority of these neonates were healthy, although the premature birth rate was higher. Our study’s results show a statistically significant relationship between pregnancy-related issues and newborn problems like premature births, low neonatal weight, newborns exhibiting one or more disease symptoms, and poorer neonatal outcomes.
Conclusions: According to our research, there was very little perinatal transmission of the SARS‑CoV‑2 virus from the pregnant mothers to the newborns. Although there were more premature babies, most of them managed to survive.
FOLLOW-UP CASES OF BEDAQUILINE IN XDR-TB PATIENTS: A CASE SERIES
Authors: Malek Shahenaz , Sinha Anita , Singh Anil
Published: March 2024

Tuberculosis has consistently maintained its lead position in being among the top 10 causes by means of single-cause etiology for death among infectious disease patients. On top of it, now multi-drug resistant cases of tuberculosis (MDR-TB) are raising concern. The vision of tuberculosis eradication gets a major setback with a total of 206,030 million cases being reported worldwide with MDR or rifampicin-resistance MDR-TB in 2019. Bedaquilline a relative recent drug is being made available for the treatment of MDR and extensive drug resistance (XDR) TB under NTEP. It is being provided as a part of 2nd line of drug therapy. Regarding the drug’s efficacy and safety profiling Bedaquiline has been under extensive clinical trials at medical institutes and hospitals of reputation at national level. The treatment options available to treat XDR-TB remain extremely limited at the cost of being less effective, expensive and with more side effects. Even after the availability of potent anti-tubercular drugs, XDR Tuberculosis is proving to be more resistant to all possible drugs available to work against it.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE PHARMACEUTIC CRYSTALLIZATION PROCESS USING PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM, A DERIVATIVE OF THIOSEMICARBAZONE
Authors: A GEETHA , C JEEVARATHINAM , GV PANDIAN
Published: March 2024

Objective: The current study was designed with the goal of analyzing novel derivatives of organic and semi-organic NLO molecules that are just entering this field as the foundation for future therapeutic development.
Methods: Thiosemicarbazones (TSC) are semicarbazide analogs that have sulfur atoms in place of oxygen atoms. The greatest number of therapeutic treatments for various disorders are also being used carbonyl compounds. These two types of organic compounds were combined, and their replacement with crystal growth procedures using solution growth was tested as an antibiotic for a few fastidious and nonfastidious species. The preparation of meta-substituted benzaldehydes using TSC. Tests were conducted with this single component. The following experimental technique was used to determine the antibacterial activity of Plasmodium falciparum. Half-inhibitory maximum (IC50) by calculation technique, cell viability % calculation method, and MTT assay by colorimetric method.
Results: Method using agar discs. Using the agar disc diffusion method to measure the inhibition zone width and comparing the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and inhibition zone width of available antibiotics against the aforementioned organism using data from the EUCAST and NCCLS databases, The absolute, relative, and mound slope values of an antibiotic that is currently on the market may be determined using the GraphPad Prism software; the epidemiological cutoff value can be determined using the ECOF Finder software; and the nature of the antibiotic can be determined using the WHONET 5.6 software. The newly developed antibiotics’ size and structure are contrasted with the structures of commercially available antibiotics and living organisms.
Conclusion: The design of new drugs using novel derivatives of organic and semiorganic NLO molecules is based on the in vitro method of analysis, which has recently been introduced to this field. P. falciparum has an extremely low MIC value (0.625 μg/mL) against TSCMNB. The MIC break points are always larger than, not equal to, the MIC values and fall within the range of 110 μg/mL–130 μg/mL. We concluded that all of the novel compounds exhibit a susceptible form of inhibition.
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG THE PATIENTS OF GENERALIZED TONIC-CLONIC SEIZURE RECEIVING TREATMENT PHENYTOIN PLUS CLOBAZAM VERSUS SODIUM VALPROATE PLUS CLOBAZAM THERAPY
Authors: Sharma Ranjana , Kothari Saroj , Pathak Akshat , Dixit Prashant
Published: March 2024

Objectives: The objective of the study was to compare effect of phenytoin plus clobazam (Group 1) and sodium valproate plus clobazam therapy (Group 2) on quality of life among generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) patients attending neurology out-patient department at the tertiary care center in Gwalior district.
Methods: The present study was a prospective study conducted between period of February 2019 and January 2020 on 45–45 patients each receiving either phenytoin plus clobazam or sodium valproate plus clobazam dual therapy for the treatment of patients with GTCS. Frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, independent student t-test, Chi-square test, and one-way repeated measures of ANOVA were applied, and Bonferroni adjustment was calculated using SPSS version 20 software. P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
Results: For question 1, in Group 1, mean score was 3.29±0.45 at 0 month (baseline), which reduced to 2.51±0.50 and 2.11±0.48 at 3 and 6 months, respectively. In Group 2, mean score was 3.31±0.46 at 0 month, which reduced to 2.35±0.48 and 1.95±0.29 at 3 and 6 months. For question 2, in Group 1, mean score was 3.44±0.54 at 0 month (baseline), which reduced to 2.55±0.54 and 2.22±0.51 at 3 and 6 months, respectively. In Group 2, mean score was 3.64±0.48 at 0 month, which reduced to 2.77±0.55 and 2.44±0.54 at 3 and 6 months, respectively. There was statistically significant improvement seen within the group at 3 and 6 months as compared to baseline in both groups for question 1, question 2, question 3, question 4; p<0.01.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that both combinations of our study groups have a better impact on quality of life from baseline till the end of the study. However, on comparison between them, we have not found a statistically significant difference.
THE STUDY OF MATERNAL OUTCOME FOLLOWING EARLY AND DELAYED CORD CLAMPING IN BIRTHS ASSOCIATED WITH ANEMIA IN PREGNANCY
Authors: Singh Lata , Deepika  , Raghunandan Chitra
Published: March 2024

Aim and Objectives: (The objectives of the study are as follows: 1) To compare the Blood loss in both early cord clamping (ECC) versus delayed cord clamping (DCC) (in the third stage of labor). (2) To compare the third-stage complications following ECC versus of DCC in anemic pregnant females. (3) To compare Maternal hemoglobin and hematocrit at 24 h of delivery in both ECC versus DCC.
Methods: This prospective study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi pregnant women. A total of 120 anemic pregnant women between 32 and 40 weeks of gestation admitted in the labour room were enrolled in the study (hemoglobin between 7 and 10.9 g%). Twenty patients were lost to follow-up. Third-stage complications of 46 women who underwent ECC (<60 s) were compared with 54 women who underwent DCC (more than 60 s to <3 min). Maternal hemoglobin and hematocrit at 24 h of delivery were also compared between both groups.
Results: The mean blood loss in both the groups was 325±89.287 and 326.85±66.384, comparable statistically with p=0.906. Out of 100 patients enrolled, only two patients had postpartum hemorrhage. Each one belonged to each group (p<0.909). None of the groups had retained placenta showing no statistical significance between two groups (p<1). DCC was not associated with increased risk of third-stage complications whether in cesarean section or vaginal delivery. There were no differences in operative time, post-delivery decrease in hematocrit, rates of postpartum hemorrhage, bleeding complications, maternal blood transfusions, and therapeutic hysterectomy between the two groups.
Conclusions: DCC is safe for mother especially in anemic mothers also as it does not increase the mean blood loss and also it has beneficial effect on neonates. No difference in third-stage complications and maternal hemoglobin and hematocrit levels at 24 h in both groups. It should be recommended in routine practice where it is not contraindicated especially in resource-poor settings.
A STUDY ON THE PREVALENCE OF PREHYPERTENSION AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN TIRUNELVELI TOWN TAMILNADU
Authors: KALA A  , ARULMOZHI A  , S SUBHALAKSHMI , VINOJINI R SELVA SUDAR
Published: March 2024

Objective: The prevalence of hypertensive disease among adolescents is increasing trend. This rise in hypertension (HTN) among adolescents is multifactorial. Prehypertension advances to HTN in due course in adult life, becoming one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases later. We aim to determine the prevalence of prehypertension among adolescents in Tirunelveli town.
Methods: One thousand high school children aged 14–18 years from Tirunelveli city were chosen. The blood pressures (BPs) (systolic and diastolic) were recorded using the standard technique. Physical biometrics was documented.
Results: BP >90th percentile is considered to be abnormal in adolescents. Prevalence of prehypertension is 0.7% (f-0%, m-0.7%), HTN is 4.7% (f-2.5%, m-2.2%), and cumulative abnormal BP is 5.4%. Among the 54 adolescents, only one had body mass index of overweight category surprisingly.
Conclusion: Previous studies indicate approximately 3–4% of adolescents develop consistently elevated BP across many countries. The common causes attributed are physical inactivity, consumption of junk food, besides hormonal changes in adolescents. The results of our study indicate 5.4% of students having more than the 90th percentile nearly corresponds to results of many studies. Early detection of prehypertension in adolescents is cost-effective measure that would further avoid impoverishment to the middle-income group as well as improve the quality and expectancy of life. Effective specific school health programs are needed at the time, especially in developing countries like India.
COMPARISON OF NASAL CARRIAGE OF MRSA AND ITS ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MUPIROCIN AMONG STUDENTS OF HEALTH-CARE SETTINGS AND OTHER STUDENTS
Authors: M Bharathi , SIRISHA
Published: March 2024

Objectives: One of the potential risk factors for nosocomial staphylococcal and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections is colonization of the anterior nares of HCWs, and from there they may spread to the patients, which may cause a burden on the health-care system. In this context, we made an attempt to compare the Staphylococcal and MRSA nasal carriage and their susceptibility to Mupirocin in students who are exposed to the health-care system and those who are not.
Methods: Nasal swabs were collected from 100 paramedical students as the study group and 100 non-medical students as the control group, all in the age group between 18 and 21 years. 5% sheep blood agar and mannitol salt agar were used to isolate S. aureus, and antibiotic sensitivity was done by Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion Technique. Cefoxitin disc (30 μg) and Vancomycin screen agar were used to detect MRSA and Vancomycin resistance, respectively. A 5 μg disc of Mupirocin was used to test the susceptibility of Mupirocin.
Results: Nasal carriage rate of S. aureus and MRSA was 23% and 8% in Paramedical students and 17% and 4% in Nonmedical students respectively. 83% of isolates from paraclinical students and 95% of isolates from non-medical students were susceptible to linezolid. Out of 12 MRSA strains from both groups only one strain showed resistance to Mupirocin.
Conclusions: Nasal carriage of S. aureus and MRSA and antibiotic resistance of isolated strains were more common in paramedical students and also in female students. Vancomycin resistance was not observed in MRSA strains from male students. Mupirocin resistance, even in a single case, needs to be addressed.
PRACTISE AND USE OF OVER-THE-COUNTER TOPICAL AND TRADITIONAL EYE MEDICINES AND THEIR EFFECTS IN FUNGAL KERATITIS CASES IN TERTIARY TEACHING HOSPITAL IN NORTHERN INDIA
Authors: Rathore Kanchan bala , Dange Kiran J , Gaurav A Patil
Published: March 2024

Objective: The study goal is to evaluate the utilization and misuse of over-the-counter topical and traditional eye medications and their associated adverse effects in cases of fungal keratitis (FK) among patients.
Methods: The research was conducted in the past 36 months at a tertiary teaching hospital in Northern India. All subjects provided informed consent, and the institutional ethical committee granted ethical approval. The study involved 127 cases of FK, clinically diagnosed and confirmed by a 10% KOH mount.
Results: Among the baseline characteristics, 51 (40.18%) of the samples were in a 41–60-year-old age group; 78 (61.42%) were male; 116 (91.34%) were from rural areas; 114 (89.76%) had low socioeconomic status; 108 (85.4%) were illiterate; and 50 (39.37%) were farmers. According to visual acuity ratings, at the time of presentation, 57.48% of the patients had vision up to 1/60. In terms of over-the-counter medication usage, 109 (85.82%) respondents used them for the treatment of keratitis, with 64 (61.46%) using steroid drops. In the case of traditional eye medicines, 18 (14.18%) respondents used them, with 5 (27.11%) using milk and ghee.
Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of addressing the misuse of over-the-counter and traditional eye medications in cases of FK and advocating for public health interventions to ensure rational and safe eye medication practices.
THE ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS OF INTERMITTENT AND DAILY REGIMENS IN THE TREATMENT OF THE INTENSIVE PHASE OF TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Eline mathew Anu , R Vishnu , Baby Minu , RG ANAND
Published: March 2024

Objective: To study the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of intermittent and daily anti-tubercular therapy in intensive phase (IP), in patients attending the RNTCP unit, Government Medical College (GMC), Thrissur.
Methods: A prospective observational study was done at the RNTCP unit, GMC, Thrissur, during October 2016-2017. Two hundred and thirty-five patients satisfying inclusion criteria, receiving anti-tubercular therapy as intermittent and daily regimens were selected. Demographic data, risk factors, comorbidities, and investigations were recorded and patients were followed up for IP. Results of investigations, treatment outcome, and ADRs recorded after IP. ADRs were monitored and its causality and severity were assessed. Data were entered in MS Excel and analyzed using SPSS. Qualitative variables are represented as proportions and quantitative as mean and standard deviation. Associations were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests. Analysis was performed using paired t-test p<0.05 taken as significant.
Results: Orange-red urine and secretions were the most common ADR, followed by nausea, fatigue, heartburn, etc. Significant increase in random blood sugar, renal function tests (RFTs), and liver function tests (LFT) after treatment, then before noticed. 84.4% of patients from the daily group and 78% of patients from the intermittent group experienced ADRs. Causality was assessed using Naranjo’s algorithm and severity using a modified Hartwig and Siegel scale.
Conclusion: The majority of patients developed ADRs, which were mild and managed symptomatically. Some reactions required alteration of therapy, reduction of drug dose, or change of suspected drug. To conclude, meticulous monitoring of ADRs in patients on anti-tubercular drugs is mandatory.
EVALUATION OF INCOMPATIBLE CROSSMATCHES AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN CHENNAI – A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: S ShoganRaj , M Sri Devi , R Sreedevi , M Chitra
Published: March 2024

Objectives: The primary goal in blood transfusion is that the transfused blood unit be compatible with the patient during crossmatching. This compatibility testing is performed before every administration of blood component. This cross-matching test helps to detect the presence of antibodies in the recipient against antigens over red blood cells of donor. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and causes of in compatible crossmatches in patients by tube agglutination method.
Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted by analyzing incompatible crossmatches encountered during routine compatibility testing between January and December 2021 at the Department of Transfusion Medicine, Government Kilpauk Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. The analysis was done in March and April 2022. All crossmatches were done by tube agglutination technique. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed. Descriptive statistics were given in summary statistics.
Results: Out of the total of 12943 crossmatches performed, 0.3% (n=39/12943) were incompatible. About 76.9% (n=30/39) were seen in females while 69.2% (n=27/39) were seen in the age group 20–60 years. About 35.9% (n=14/39) of the incompatible crossmatches were due to autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). A root cause analysis protocol was formulated to resolve the incompatibility and ensure safe transfusion.
Conclusion: AIHA was the most common cause of incompatible crossmatch. The root cause analysis protocol involves a thorough evaluation of the patient’s clinical condition, underlying pathology, and errors during technical procedure to identify the cause of incompatibility. Protocols should be developed in each blood center and a logical stepwise approach will enable the provision of safe transfusion.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THYROID FUNCTION PROFILES BETWEEN POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME PATIENTS AND HEALTHY CONTROLS: A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Singh Tejinder , Kaur Komalpreet , Kaur Sukhjeet
Published: March 2024

Objective: To assess the thyroid function status of patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and to compare it with that of healthy women.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Biochemistry in collaboration with the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of a tertiary care hospital in Northern India. 30 patients diagnosed to have polycystic ovarian syndrome on the basis of the Rotterdam criteria were included in this study as cases (Group P). 30 healthy women were enrolled as the control group (Group H). The mean age and marital status of the patients were assessed. The body mass index of all the patients was also determined and compared. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse rate were also compared. A thyroid function test was done in both groups. The mean triiodothyronine (T3), T4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were compared in both groups. p<0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Results: The mean age of patients with PCOS and healthy individuals was 22.10±3.97 years and 23.76±3.97 years, respectively. The mean ages of both groups were found to be comparable in both studies (p=0.1108). The mean body mass index (BMI) of groups P and H was found to be 27.23±5.82 and 23.15±4.12, respectively. The women in group P were found to have a higher BMI as compared to women in group H, and the difference was found to be statistically significant (p=0.0027). The mean pulse rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure values were found to be comparable. The mean FT3 levels in groups P and H were found to be 3.11±0.88 and 3.13±0.42 ng/mL, whereas the mean free thyroxine levels in groups P and H were found to be 0.96±0.16 and 0.89±0.15, respectively, μg/dL. The mean T3 and T4 levels of both groups were found to be comparable in both groups. However, the mean TSH level in groups P and H was found to be 4.95±2.24 and 2.50±1.19 0.3–4.5 μIU/ml, respectively. The mean TSH level in group P was found to be higher than group H, and the difference was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was found to be significantly high in women with PCOS, making it necessary to do periodic thyroid function tests in PCOS.
EXPLORING LIPID VARIATIONS IN UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD ACROSS DIFFERENT DELIVERY MODES
Authors: JADHAO AVINASH NAMDEO , RAMTEKE TRUPTI DIWAN , BARAPATRE AMIT RAMESH
Published: March 2024

Objective: The mode of delivery (vaginal or cesarean) may affect the lipid profile of the newborn, which has implications for their future health.
Methods: The study included 150 mothers who gave birth vaginally and 50 mothers who underwent elective cesarean sections. All mothers were aged between 21 and 44 years. The main outcome measures were the serum lipid levels of umbilical cord blood of newborns. The lipid levels included total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL-D), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C). The study compared the obstetric variables and the serum lipid levels between the two groups of mothers.
Results: The two groups did not differ significantly in terms of maternal age, neonatal weight, gestational duration, placental weight, and neonatal gender distribution. The newborns delivered by normal vaginal delivery had higher levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, VLDL-D, and LDL-C than those delivered by cesarean section, but the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusions: This study suggests that the mode of delivery does not have a significant impact on umbilical cord serum lipid levels. However, the sample size was small, and the results may not be generalizable to other populations.
Laberintos geográficos: una antología
Authors: Graizbord Ed Boris Gregorio
Published: March 2024

No fue trivial ni poca cosa para la Geografía el cambio esencial a mitad del siglo pasado en el registro y las preguntas acerca de lo que “veían” los geógrafos en el paisaje que exploraban.  En efecto, se pasó de la elaboración de monografías que intentaban describir sistemáticamente las unidades espaciales de interés (recuérdese los reportes que hacían los exploradores de tierras conquistadas, cada una distinta y única) a un análisis espacial (a la Humboldt) como respuesta a una pregunta clave: ¿Cómo se explican y qué determina las variaciones o coincidencias de una o múltiples variables en el espacio geográfico?  Cabe preguntarnos si se trató de una revolución o una evolución en la Geografía.   En los textos aquí reunidos, se muestra que en todos los cambios algo permanece, siempre hay cierta continuidad que de no reconocerse genera, propicia, o favorece enormes lagunas discursivas. La disciplina está en constante revisión pues son numerosos los interesados en analizar las relaciones e interdependencias de la humanidad con su entorno en diferentes escalas y desde perspectivas diversas. Este libro ofrece un recorrido no lineal por un camino sinuoso que intenta identificar y priorizar problemas, aventurar respuestas y considerar diversos enfoques, así como exponer “formas de ver”. Recorrer esta encrucijada será quizá más provechoso que tratar de escapar de ella, al menos eso se espera de geógrafos y no geógrafos, independientemente de su edad; basta que tengan el interés y la curiosidad de adentrarse en el laberinto.
The Impact of Former President Trump’s Presidential Agenda on the U.S.-Mexican Border
Authors: Collins Kimberly
Published: March 2024

This paper argues that to understand the impact of former U.S. President Donald Trump on the U.S.-Mexico border, his presidential agenda needs to be compared with other presidential administrations from the 1990s to the present. It looks at presidential policy agendas, as seen in executive orders, legislative policies, binational initiatives, deployment of the National Guard and military, presidential visits, and use of the bully pulpit with visits to the border region. These are compared to border operations indicators, highlighting formal and informal crossings of people and movement of goods. Though Mr. Trump has been specifically negative and aggressive toward the border, the securitization of the region has been part of presidential agendas since the 1990s. A key takeaway is to think about and discuss these results to ensure the border is livable, manageable and ready for the challenges of the 21st century.
México: mujeres insurgentes de los años 70. Género y lucha armada. 2da. Edición
Authors: Méndez Alvarado María de Jesús
Published: March 2024

A pesar de constituir cincuenta y uno por ciento de la población, las mujeres siguen enfrentando condiciones sumamente adversas en México. Es necesario incentivar su participación cívica y política para avanzar en la ya impostergable democratización del país. Con ello en mente, este libro rescata la historia de las mujeres insurgentes de México en los años setenta. Se trata de uno de los pocos trabajos que existen acerca del tema, pues la guerra sucia suele abordarse poco y casi siempre desde una perspectiva masculina. La lucha de estas mujeres —por un lado, contra el sistema político y la violencia del Estado, y por otro, contra la discriminación de género— aporta nuevos elementos para entender la historia de las mujeres en nuestro país, así como la realidad del México de hoy. ¿En qué circunstancias estas mujeres decidieron participar en la vida pública y luchar en su papel genérico y de clase? ¿Cuáles fueron los costos que enfrentaron por hacerlo? ¿Cuál fue la respuesta del Estado frente a sus exigencias? ¿Qué aportó la guerrilla en su conjunto a la lucha por la democracia? ¿Cuál fue su relación con la reforma política de 1977? Estos son algunos de los temas planteados por la autora, quien busca dar visibilidad al papel de las mujeres en las luchas sociales y políticas de nuestro país. Una reflexión tan vigente como necesaria en un México en supuesta transformación.
Hispanoamérica, Filipinas y las culturas de Asia: Estampas de un orientalismo periférico (1875-1950)
Authors: Gasquet Axel
Published: March 2024

Hispanoamérica, Filipinas y las culturas de Asia: estampas de un orientalismo periférico (1875-1950) delinea los principales vectores del orientalismo hispanoamericano en su conjunto: la filosofía positivista, la estética modernista, los anhelos de una espiritualidad diferente, el pacifismo y un nuevo concepto de universalidad. Y viceversa, a partir de estas coordenadas generales, nos cuenta historias particulares con matices únicos, bien se trate del viaje a Japón del intelectual mexicano Francisco Bulnes o, en dirección opuesta, del viaje a México del filipino Jesús Balmori; del influjo arabesco en la poética de Leopoldo Lugones o del proceso de recepción de clásicos orientales como el Ramayana, las Rubaiyat y Las mil y una noches; de la huella persistente del budismo o de los esfuerzos academicistas de Vicente Fatone, para mencionar algunos. En ambos sentidos, este libro descubre una presencia sutil y paradójicamente ubicua, a la vez disimulada e ininterrumpida. La huella de Asia es como un “manantial subterráneo” que, no obstante, aflora siempre, afirma Axel Gasquet. Incluso las expresiones de antiorientalismo, también vislumbradas en las investigaciones de este volumen, confirman la relevancia vital de este orientalismo periférico para la cultura hispanoamericana de entre siglos.
The last of us: ¿ciencia ficción o una posibilidad ante el cambio climático?
Authors: Brunner Mendoza Carolina , Jaramillo Alejandro , Domínguez Christian , Toriello Conchita
Published: March 2024

El videojuego The last of us propone una pandemia causada por el hongo Cordyceps spp. En este escenario, las personas infectadas terminan siendo seres carentes de voluntad con comportamientos autómatas y caníbales, y la población humana no infectada se encuentra aglomerada viviendo en zonas de cuarentena. Antes del 2019, esto nos hubiera parecido irrisorio, pero después de una pandemia causada por un virus emergente y dos años en confinamiento puede ser motivo de reflexión... ¿Podría un hongo ser el siguiente responsable de una pandemia?
Liderazgo educativo postpandémico: un enfoque en las Telesecundarias
Authors: Suárez Tun Jesús Nazario , Fernández Canul Felipe Antonio
Published: March 2024

La pandemia del covid-19 configuró nuevos escenarios educativos, sin embargo, el regreso a clases presenciales sumó nuevas responsabilidades a los administradores educativos, desde cuidar la salud de la comunidad escolar bajo su competencia hasta generar nuevas formas de relacionarse para prevenir mayores incertidumbres. En este sentido, en la Zona Escolar 007 de Telesecundaria de Candelaria, Campeche, los directivos resignificaron su liderazgo educativo en atención a los maestros, estudiantes y padres, madres de familia y/o tutores. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar el liderazgo directivo postpandemia durante el primer trimestre del ciclo escolar 2022-2023. El diseño de la investigación empleada fue la descriptiva, ya que centró en puntualizar las características de la población que se estudió, mientras que la entrevista semiestructurada se utilizó como la técnica de recogida de datos. Luego del análisis e interpretación de los datos obtenidos, se determinó que el liderazgo directivo partió del trabajo colaborativo con responsabilidad, empatía y gestión escolar para poder garantizar el servicio educativo a las comunidades escolares.
Heliconias: de plantas ornamentales a pequeños microhábitats dentro de las selvas tropicales
Authors: Méndez Rojas Diana María , Lobato-García Juan Manuel , Benítez-Malvido Julieta
Published: March 2024

Las heliconias, conocidas como “platanillos”, son plantas que se destacan por la llamativa coloración de sus inflorescencias. Este escrito explora a fondo estas especies que habitan las selvas tropicales, centrándose en sus múltiples facetas. Examina los usos predominantes de las heliconias, tanto como plantas ornamentales en entornos rurales y urbanos como en rituales religiosos. Una atención especial se dedica a las inflorescencias de las heliconias, consideradas como ecosistemas en miniatura. Estas estructuras albergan diversas especies de insectos y otros invertebrados que viven, se alimentan y se reproducen dentro de las hojas modificadas conocidas como brácteas. Sin embargo, el artículo resalta una amenaza inminente: la destrucción de las selvas tropicales. Este factor no sólo pone en peligro la supervivencia de las heliconias, sino también la diversidad de insectos e invertebrados asociados a ellas.
Transformar la educación: integrando Tecnologías para el Desarrollo Sostenible
Authors: García Morales Martha Patricia
Published: March 2024

Las e-actividades representan una opción para el logro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ods) de la agenda 2030 de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (onu). La e-actividad implica una propuesta estructurada de aprendizaje para favorecer la técnica de formación en línea. Es precisamente su diseño tecnopedagógico lo que favorece la pedagogía transformadora y orientada a la acción, que según la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Cultura y la Ciencia (unesco) es fundamental para contemplar la educación para el desarrollo sostenible, con el fin de favorecer contextos de enseñanza y aprendizaje interactivos y centrados en el alumno, que fomenten la participación y la reflexión de nuestro comportamiento hacia la problemática ambiental y sus efectos en todo ámbito.
Probabilidad y estadística en la toma de decisiones
Authors: Ramírez Noriega Alan David , Tripp Barba Carolina , Jiménez Calleros Samantha Paulina
Published: March 2024

La probabilidad y estadística son áreas de estudio que tienen su origen en el siglo xvi y que se han desarrollado a lo largo de la historia. La probabilidad se refiere al grado de certeza de que un suceso ocurra o no, mientras que la estadística se encarga de recopilar y analizar datos para generar explicaciones y predicciones. Estas disciplinas se aplican en diferentes ámbitos. Algunos ejemplos de sus aplicaciones son predecir el clima, conocer qué equipo de fútbol ganará el mundial o el comportamiento de las inversiones en la bolsa de valores. Además, ante el incremento de la información, se han desarrollado sistemas más complejos para diagnosticar enfermedades, asignar precio a pólizas de seguros o la construcción de coches autónomos. En este artículo hablamos de estos temas a mayor profundidad.
Entre hábitos y excretas: un vistazo a las dietas de los mamíferos carnívoros
Authors: Alanis-Hernández Luis A. , Sánchez Rojas Gerardo , Ramírez Bravo Osvaldo Eric
Published: March 2024

El alimento es un recurso fundamental para la supervivencia de las especies animales. Los mamíferos carnívoros son bien conocidos por alimentarse de otros animales, pero no todos son especialistas en comer carne debido a que existen algunos grupos que consumen otros recursos. Las excretas de los carnívoros son más que un desecho orgánico, son fuentes de información importantes comúnmente utilizadas para determinar a las presas que utilizan en los ecosistemas. La identificación se realiza a partir de métodos de comparación de los restos alimentarios (pelo, huesos, escamas, plumas, semillas) que se extraen de las excretas y se comparan con ejemplares de colecciones científicas, y recientemente a través de pruebas genéticas. Existen diversas formas para analizar la composición del inventario de las presas que se identifican, se estima la diversidad de presas que consumen y a través de pruebas estadísticas se compara su alimentación entre poblaciones, temporadas y especies. Los estudios sobre la alimentación de los carnívoros permiten evaluar la composición de su nicho trófico y conocer el estado de sus poblaciones, lo cual apoya el desarrollo de estrategias para su conservación como son los planes de translocación, reintroducción o control de poblaciones silvestres.