bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Belajar Asyik dengan Memanfaatkan Aplikasi Quiziz sebagai Mefia Pembelajaran di Sekolah Luar Biasa Wilaya Jakarta Timur
Authors: Rian Hidayat Rahmat , Sartika Sari Yunita
Published: July 2023

Mengajar di sekolah inklusi memang menantang karena guru harus sabar dan membuat anak berkebutuhan khusus merasa nyaman karena memiliki hak yang sama dengan anak normal. Media pembelajaran juga merupakan bagian penting dalam proses pembelajaran karena membantu mengkomunikasikan materi secara efektif, sehingga perlu dicari media pembelajaran yang menarik dan kreatif yang memungkinkan siswa memahami materi. Teknologi sebagai bagian dari media pembelajaran lahir untuk memudahkan dan kemudian memproduksi media pembelajaran berupa aplikasi game Quizizz yang keberadaannya semakin gencar digalakkan sebagai media pembelajaran di masa pandemi yang lalu. Berbagai kajian terkait penggunaan aplikasi Quizizz yang juga dapat digunakan sebagai media penilaian pembelajaran yang menyenangkan dan menghibur. Media Pembelajaran dengan Quizizz merupakan aplikasi game edukasi yang selain digunakan sebagai sarana penyampaian materi, juga bersifat naratif dan fleksibel. Quizizz merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi permasalahan media pembelajaran di Indonesia yang tidak dapat diterapkan secara rutin dengan pembelajaran berbasis teknologi informasi dan komputer lainnya. Disitulah aplikasi pembelajaran QUIZIZZ hadir untuk membantu guru dan siswa agar proses belajar dapat terjadi dan pengalaman belajar dapat menyenangkan saat melakukannya. Selanjutnya untuk mendeskripsikan kepada guru tersebut, melalui kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat dengan mengangat tema Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi dalam Peningkatan Kualiatas Sumber Daya Sekolah. Pengabdian masyarakat ini telah dilaksanakan di Sekolah Luar Biasa yaitu yayasan ASIH BUDI II yang diikuti sekitar 25 orang yang terdiri dari guru dan pengawai. Para peserta mengaku mendapatkan banyak hal terkait pemanfaatan teknologi yang bisa diterapkan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran salah satunya pembuatan media pembelajaran dengan media Quizizz yang menyenangkan.
Methods and techniques for lung cancer detection, diagnosis, and treatment
Authors: Meša Ilma
Published: July 2023

For a very long time, lung cancer was a major health problem and the leading cause of death worldwide. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for 15% of cases and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of cases. Although many people believe that smoking is the primary cause of lung cancer, there are numerous other contributing factors as well. Nonsmokers have a higher risk of lung cancer from radon than smokers do. Smoke from household fuel, infections caused by bacteria and viruses, as well as inflammatory diseases like asthma and sarcoidosis, are additional risk factors for nonsmokers to develop lung cancer. This review aims to summarize recent studies of SCLC and NSCLC cases in the world and asses the methods used for diagnosis. Further, the most recent risk factors and characteristics of the disease, particularly in nonsmokers, as are novel treatment options, are outlined in this review.
Review on lymphoma and deregulated signaling pathways
Authors: Sezer Abas
Published: July 2023

Since the incidence of cancer is increasing worldwide, there is an urgent need for more successful therapies. Here, we focused on a literature review regarding lymphoma and deregulated pathways that are hallmarks of lymphoma development. Among others, PI3K/AKT, NF-ĸB and JAK/STAT pathways are the most common deregulated ones. These signaling pathways are crucial for numerous cellular processes and possible deregulation can mainly lead to uncontrolled cell division and inhibition of apoptosis. A literature review was performed by using databases including PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar from where the most recent and valuable studies were selected.
Review of Indonesian government policy in procurement plan of Dassault Rafale fighter aircraft
Authors: Wardana Achmad , Cahyana Taufik Budi , Tahdi Hudoro , Yogaswara Y. H.
Published: July 2023

Indonesia's decision to procure 4.5 generation Rafale fighter jets has been approved to replace obsolete aircraft, namely the US-made F-16 and the Russian-made Su-27 and Su-30. The selection of Rafale was based on Indonesia's defense relationship with France which had existed for a very long time, besides that it was also based on the foreign policy adopted by Indonesia, namely the free and active policy shown from several defense equipment owned by Indonesia, not only from a particular country. This study aims to examine government policies in the plan to procure Dassault Rafale fighter aircraft for Indonesia. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach through literature review from reputable national and international journals, ebooks, and online media by exploring or explaining more broadly the government policy issues in the plan to procure the Dassault Rafale fighter aircraft for Indonesia. The findings of this study indicate that Indonesia is still lagging behind Vietnam, Thailand, and Singapore in terms of the number of first-tier modern combat aircraft that are ready for combat. In addition, purchase of the Dassault Rafale aircraft must provide effectiveness to improve national defense and security by using a definitive combination of "high-low" that can be adopted from the USAF (United States Air Force), and also Indonesia must be realistic in responding to the regional balance of power (ASEAN) through the realization of the MEF towards IEF. One important factor that needs to be considered in the procurement agreement is the existence of a strong policy and commitment from the government that emphasizes the transfer of technology (ToT) by sending human resources to study and do internships in the development industry.
Analysis of SPBE and SWCSF measurement instruments using Flesch Reading Ease for state security
Authors: Putri Meylia Susiana Dewi , Gultom Rudy AG , Wadjdi Achmad Farid
Published: July 2023

The world has transitioned into a digital era where both individuals and governments require technology and the internet. The number of cybercrimes perpetrated online is impacted by the rising usage of computers and the internet. A measurement instrument that can stop cybercrime is necessary. The Six-Ware Cyber Security Framework (SWCSF) and the Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE) are two measurement tools that are expected to be able to stop cybercrime from happening in an agency or organization. But are all people able to use these two instruments? This research was conducted to answer this question by analyzing readability on the SPBE and SWCSF instruments using the Flesch Reading Ease method. The results show that the two instruments were extremely difficult for respondents of all grade levels to comprehend, with the exception of those at the university level or individuals who worked with computers, the internet, and other technologies.
Effectiveness of computer-assisted virtual cognitive retraining in improving reading, dictation, and copying skills among school-going children
Authors: Bansal Gargi
Published: July 2023

A randomized control trial with repeated measures was used with 60 bilingual learners aged 8-10 years from English medium schools to evaluate the effectiveness of Computer-Assisted virtual Cognitive Retraining (CACR) on school-going children with average or above-average IQ and no identified learning impairment. Data collection was done virtually. The experimental group received CACR for five weeks, with 15 sessions of an hour’s duration. Learners in the control group did not receive any training. The dependent variables were evaluated by 15 minutes of reading, copying, and dictation test from their grade level English textbook and using the Language subtests of Diagnostic Test for Learning Disability (DTLD), a test for diagnosing learning disability validated in the Indian population. Results showed improvements in the learners’ academic skills, such as reading fluency, copying, and dictation. The outcome of this study has implications for using virtual computer-based interventions to enhance the academic skills of school-going children.
Automatic priming, schema induction and spread of activation in l2 lexical access: Do differences in vocabulary size and depth of priming remain invariant?
Authors: Ntim Stephen
Published: July 2023

This study investigated automatic priming, schema induction, spread of activation and L2 lexical access through vocabulary size and depth. Employing theoretical framework of the distributed memory representation, the underlying assumption was that conceptual knowledge was identified through connection weights linking processing units that were universal rather than local. Using experimental pre-test-post-test design with purposive sampling of estimated one hundred and fifty (150) students from three (3) Senior High Schools, the critical findings in this study were that cognitive differences in automatic priming, schema induction and spread of activation predicted enhanced reading comprehension in L2, especially how fast one could infer from text since these cognitive processes helped to reduce cognitive load involved in reading. The second finding was that ability to use automatic priming, schema induction and spread of activation reduced mental load to facilitate comprehension by the size and level of vocabulary readers possessed in long-term memory. Third finding was that priming, spread of activation and schema induction increased with increasing attentional control. Readers with high attentional control were more likely to be involved in a proactive expectancy strategic use of priming, spread of activation and schema induction to generate possible targets. These cognitive differences remain invariant in readers, unless classroom practices are deliberately designed to help less enhanced readers strategies to promote schema induction, priming and spread of activation.
Politeness in Tiba Meka ritual in Manggaraian language and culture, Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Gunas Tobias , Bustan Fransiskus , Menggo Sebastianus , Jem Yosefina Helenora
Published: July 2023

Politeness is crucial to communicating among individuals or between groups in a speech community. This research mainly explores the politeness of welcoming guests in the Manggaraian speech community. Video recording and interviews were the techniques used to collect the data. Eight videos were recorded and transcribed in text. The data were interpreted in socio-pragmatics theory. The findings reveal that the Manggaraian speech community tend to apply positive and off-the-record politeness strategies. A positive politeness strategy was mainly employed to build a close relationship and friendliness and to show respect to a guest. The use of a positive politeness strategy was marked in honorifics such as ite, mori, ema, and downtoner yo. An off-the-record politeness strategy was utilised to designate generosity, modesty, and approbation to a guest. This politeness strategy was indicated in metaphorical expressions. The social factors that determine the use of those politeness strategies are related to the context of the event, age, relation, and guest status. In this study, the Manggaraian speech community employ politeness in the ritual of welcoming a guest to achieve three benefits: manifesting respect, maintaining a good relationship, and showing a positive attitude toward the guest.
ANALYSIS OF TCP FLOOD ATTACK USING NETFLOW
Authors: Kapustin Vsevolod , Paulauskas Nerijus
Published: July 2023

Traffic analysis is a common question for most of the production systems in various segments of computer networks. Attacks, configuration mistakes, and other factors can cause network increased accessibility and as a result danger for data privacy. Analyzing network flow and their single packets can be helpful for anomalies detection. Well-known network equipment has predeveloped network flow monitoring software. “NetFlow” data collector software “Nfsen” is an open-source way to collect information from agents. Also “Nfsen” is designed for data sorting and dataset for instruction detection system preparation. Prepared data can be split into fragments for artificial intelligent learning and testing. As AI unit can be used multilayer perceptron developed in a python programming language. This paper focused on real-world traffic dataset collection and multilayer perceptron deployment for TCP flood traffic detection.
TIME SERIES FORECASTING WITH THE CIR# MODEL: FROM HECTIC MARKETS SENTIMENTS TO REGULAR SEASONAL TOURISM
Authors: Orlando Giuseppe , Bufalo Michele
Published: July 2023

This research aims to propose the so-called CIR#, which takes its cue from the well- known Cox-Ingersoll-Ross (CIR) model originally devised for pricing, as a general econometric model. To this end, we present the results on two very different time series such as Polish interest rates (subject to market sentiments) and seasonal tourism (subject to pandemic lock-down measures). For interest rates, as reference models, we consider an improved version of the CIR model (denoted CIRadj), the Hull and White model, the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) which is often adopted whenever no structure is assumed in the data and a popular machine learning model such as the short-term memory network (LSTM). For tourism, as a benchmark, we consider seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) complemented by the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) for modelling the variance, the classic Holt-Winters model and the aforementioned LSTM. Results support the claim that the CIR# performs better than the other models in all considered cases being able to deal with erratic behaviour in data.
A new species of green-eyed Cordylus Laurenti, 1768 from the west-central highlands of Angola, and the rediscovery of Cordylus angolensis (Bocage, 1895) (Squamata: Cordylidae)
Authors: Bates Michael F. , Lobón-Rovira Javier , Stanley Edward L. , Branch William R. , Vaz Pinto Pedro
Published: July 2023

Cordylus angolensis (Bocage, 1895) was described 128 years ago on the basis of a single specimen collected at Caconda in the west-central highlands of Angola. Additional specimens referred to this species were collected at ‘Mombolo’ (also in the central highlands) during the Vernay Angola Expedition in 1925. As the holotype was apparently destroyed in the fire of 1978 at the Museu Bocage in Lisbon and no additional specimens have been collected, its taxonomic status and phylogenetic relationships has remained uncertain. The species has eluded all efforts aimed at its re-discovery in the vicinity of the type locality, with a single specimen from near Condé, north of Mombolo—collected in 1970 by Wulf Haacke—the only other specimen of Cordylus known from west-central Angola. Recent field work in the Angolan highlands resulted in the collection of a series of specimens from Taqueta Mountain (west of Caconda), Monte Verde (Sandula, ‘Mombolo’) and Uassamba (Vondo). A phylogenetic analysis, using three mitochondrial and six nuclear genes, indicated the existence of two distinct species-level lineages in the Angolan highlands. These two species are allopatric and morphologically distinct, differing especially in terms of their colour patterns, eye colour and certain scalation characteristics. We therefore confirm that C. angolensis is a valid species and designate a neotype, and describe a new species, Cordylus momboloensissp. nov.
An Efficient Technique for the Long-term Preservation of SMILE Lenticules Using Desiccation
Authors: Vautier Anaïs , Bourges Jean-Louis , Gabison Eric , Chaventre Fanny , Lefevre Sabine , Toubeau David , Arnoult Christophe , Albou-Ganem Catherine , Boyer Olivier , Muraine Marc
Published: July 2023

Purpose:

To evaluate a desiccation protocol for the long-term preservation of human small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) lenticules and to study their integration in an in vivo rabbit model.

Methods:

Lenticules were retrieved after SMILE procedures in patients, then desiccated according to a novel protocol. Histologic and electron microscopic analyses were performed. Six rabbit eyes received grafts with an inlay technique, which consisted of inserting a desiccated lenticule into a stromal pocket. Rabbits were killed at different times between 6 and 24 weeks. Rabbit corneas were analyzed using optical coherence tomography, histology, and DAPI staining.

Results:

Microscopic analysis of desiccated lenticules showed a preserved stromal architecture after rehydration. A decellularization of the lenticules after desiccation was observed without any chemical treatment. All rabbit corneas remained clear after grafting human lenticules and no rejection occurred. Optical coherence tomography showed regular lenticular implantation and no decrease in lenticule thickness. Histologic analysis showed no inflammatory infiltration around lenticules and no nuclear material inside lenticules after 6 months.

Conclusions:

A favorable integration of desiccated human SMILE lenticules in rabbit corneas was observed. The refractive issue of lenticular implantation must be investigated next. Clinical trials are needed to evaluate the use of desiccated SMILE lenticules to treat hyperopia or keratoconus in humans.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2023;39(7):491–498.]
$ k $th powers in a generalization of Piatetski-Shapiro sequences
Authors: Shen Yukai
Published: July 2023

The article considers a generalization of Piatetski-Shapiro sequences in the sense of Beatty sequences. The sequence is defined by $ \left(\left\lfloor\alpha n^c+\beta\right\rfloor\right)_{n = 1}^{\infty} $, where $ \alpha \geq 1 $, $ c > 1 $, and $ \beta $ are real numbers.

The focus of the study is on solving equations of the form $ \left\lfloor \alpha n^c +\beta\right\rfloor = s m^k $, where $ m $ and $ n $ are positive integers, $ 1 \leq n \leq N $, and $ s $ is an integer. Bounds for the solutions are obtained for different values of the exponent $ k $, and an average bound is derived over $ k $-free numbers $ s $ in a given interval.
Discrete Leslie's model with bifurcations and control
Authors: Khan A. Q. , Alsulami Ibraheem M.
Published: July 2023

We explored a local stability analysis at fixed points, bifurcations, and a control in a discrete Leslie's prey-predator model in the interior of $ \mathbb{R}_+^2 $. More specially, it is examined that for all parameters, Leslie's model has boundary and interior equilibria, and the local stability is studied by the linear stability theory at equilibrium. Additionally, the model does not undergo a flip bifurcation at the boundary fixed point, though a Neimark-Sacker bifurcation exists at the interior fixed point, and no other bifurcation exists at this point. Furthermore, the Neimark-Sacker bifurcation is controlled by a hybrid control strategy. Finally, numerical simulations that validate the obtained results are given.
Two Graves from Batina: An indication of the economic role and social status of women near the Danube in the Early Iron Age
Authors: Ložnjak Dizdar Daria , Metzner-Nebelsick Carola , Rajić Šikanjić Petra , Barbir Antonela , Fileš Kramberger Julia Katarina
Published: July 2023

The majority of the Early Iron Age cremation graves of women near the Middle Danube in northeast Croatia and northwest Serbia, in the cemeteries of Batina, Dalj, Vukovar, Sotin and Doroslovo, contained an urn, a set of ceramic vessels, and sometimes costume accessories and additional jewellery items, such as hair bands, pendants, or fibulae. The present paper uses interdisciplinary analysis and interpretation to examine the chronology of graves 101 and 105 from the cemetery of Batina and the role of the women in the community that lived on the site in the Early Iron Age.
The Venetic inscription *Ts 3 from Kaštelir above Korte
Authors: Repanšek Luka , Saccara Maša
Published: July 2023

The Venetic inscription from Kaštelir above Korte, bearing the siglum *Ts3, was incised onto a bowl sherd of grey depurated ware. It contains four graphemes in an unfragmented sequence that most likely reads vose, although the paleographic interpretation of the third grapheme remains somewhat problematic. The inscription very likely represents a personal name, probably in an abbreviated form, but one that has no exact match in the available corpus of Venetic inscriptions.
Gorenjska v halštatskem obdobju
Authors: Teržan Biba
Published: July 2023

V času kulture žarnih grobišč, zlasti v prehodnem obdobju v starejšo železno dobo se je na Gorenjskem izoblikovala posebna kulturna skupina, ki jo označuje vrsta njej lastnih značilnosti: 1 – naselbine v več nivojih z jedrom na vzpetini oz. naravno zavarovanem kraju in spodnjim naseljem v dolini/ kotlini (Kranj, Bled, Mengeš, Ljubljana), za katere menimo, da prestavljajo središča lokalnega značaja; 2 – žgan pokop tako v planih grobovih/grobiščih kot tudi v gomilah, pogosto s centralnimi grobnimi kamrami; 3 – grobovi so pretežno opremljeni s skromnimi pridatki, izjeme predstavljajo le nekateri grobovi z večjim številom keramičnih posod, ki tvorijo jedilno-pivske servise in nekateri bogatejši ženski grobovi, ki izstopajo po svojem nakitu. Moški grobovi so povečini skromno opremljeni, v starejšem halštatskem obdobju v njih praviloma ni orožja. Do sprememb v prilaganju orožja v grobove je prišlo v mlajšem obdobju, kar pa ni značilno le za Gorenjsko, temveč je veliko širši fenomen.

Kljub očitnim podobnostim in stikom Gorenjske s sosednjimi kulturnimi skupinami, kot so skupina Breg/Frög na Koroškem in štajersko-panonska skupina, estenska in svetolucijska skupina ter dolenjska skupina, so razlike med njimi tako evidentne, da v samosvojost gorenjske ali gorenjsko-ljubljanske kulturne skupine v halštatskem obdobju ni za dvomiti.
Kopa nad Kompoljami pri Lukovici: gradišče in grobišče iz starejše železne dobe
Authors: Zupan Matic , Fabec Tomaž , Laharnar Boštjan
Published: July 2023

Na grebenasti vzpetini Reber nad vasjo Kompolje, vzhodno od Lukovice pri Domžalah, ležijo ostaline manjšega utrjenega naselja oz. gradišča. Odkritja s sondiranja leta 1879 datirajo gradišče v starejšo železno dobo. Greben Reber se na vzhodu konča z nekoliko višjo vzpetino, imenovano Kopa. Leta 2019 so na kolovozu, ki vodi po južnem pobočju Kope in Rebri, našli predmete iz starejše železne dobe. Na območju odkritja najdb so sledile arheološke raziskave Centra za preventivno arheologijo (2019) in Narodnega muzeja Slovenije (2021). Ugotovili smo, da najdbe izvirajo iz enega ali več skeletnih grobov. Razen dela zasutja grobne jame s keramičnim loncem in železnim nožem so bili pokopi uničeni, najdbe razmetane po nasutjih kolovoza, prav tako človeške kosti, ki so pripadale najmanj dvema osebama. Vse kaže, da so grob ali grobove razkopali ob gradnji kolovoza, morda že leta 1819, ko so najverjetneje prav tukaj našli bronasto negovsko čelado.
Activating Teacher Competencies Through Designing Gamified Stories With Augmentative Reality
Authors: Del Moral Pérez M. Esther , López-Bouzas Nerea , Castañeda Fernández Jonathan
Published: July 2023

The GANA-AR project activates the competencies of future infant and primary school teachers through the design of gamified stories with augmented reality. It is an interactive digital environment with an educational aim which encourages learning through immersion and emotional engagement in a plot and the incorporation of game mechanics, dynamics, and aesthetics. The study was empirical, non-probabilistic (N=62), descriptive, and inferential. It was exploratory and analytical, with the objective of assessing university students' didactic, digital, creative, and socio-collaborative skills, and their abilities in gamification. The study found moderate-to-high levels of competence, with the highest levels in didactic competence, followed by digital. In addition, the students' gamified resources indicated high creative skills. This project allowed students to develop their teaching competencies through collaboratively creating gamified, digitally augmented resources to a high level of artistic and aesthetic quality.
An International Blended Learning Program Between Europe and Asia for One Year On
Authors: Impedovo Maria Antonietta , Bressan Marco
Published: July 2023

A year on, a post-test of TPACK is submitted to analyze the increasing use of technology integration to an international learning community. In this chapter, the authors aim to check how the participants elated to the project have consolidated the skills learned in an international blended learning project -done before COVID-19, in light of the lived pandemic experiences. The research question is: How does an international blended learning program impact teacher-educators professional development? What about the long-term impact of the program after one year on? Some statistical analyses are performed and discussed.
Distance Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Smajla Tilen
Published: July 2023

This chapter focuses on the attitudes of Slovenian university professors and students towards distance learning and its didactical perspectives. The sample consisted of 992 university students and 179 university professors who have completed an anonymous online survey. Results from the T-test show five statistically significant differences in attitudes of Slovenian university professors and students. As far as the Spearman's rho coefficients analysis computed on the sample of university professors are concerned, the results show that all items except one have very strong associations among variables, whereas the Spearman's rho coefficient analysis computed on the sample of university students show strong associations among all variables, which is not the case regarding the university professors' sample. Such results imply that a lot will need to be done in the fields of perceptions regarding distance learning, mostly regarding the roles of teachers and their obligations in case of distance teaching and learning, especially in case there should be another pandemic or school closure.
An Overview of E-Waste Management
Authors: Bhatt Devanshri , Swapna H. R. , Pandey Digvijay , Behare Nitesh , Mahajan Rashmi , Karthikeyan Priyadarshini
Published: July 2023

The reuse and recirculation of products and materials are the basis of the concept of the circular economy. A circular economy entails markets that give incentives to reusing products, rather than scrapping them and then extracting new resources. The circular economy model has become highly relevant in recent years, with the electronics industry being one of the sectors that have considered its application. Electronic waste (e-waste), that is, waste arising from end-of-life electronic products similar to computers and mobile phones, is one of the swiftly growing waste aqueducts in this world moment. The developing world has come to the primary destination for the habituated electrical and electronic outfit (EEE) exported by the advanced world, making waste operations critical. Indeed, though numerous studies were conducted on waste operation, veritably many are conducted in developing countries that are significant donors of used EEE. India is among the top five-waste-producing countries in the world with an estimated periodic product of 2 million tons.
Biogas Plants for Sustainable Municipal Waste Management
Authors: Akhai Shalom
Published: July 2023

Municipal waste management is a critical issue for sustainable development, and traditional methods are becoming unsustainable. Biogas plants offer a promising solution using organic waste to produce biogas for electricity or fuel. This review examines the benefits and challenges of biogas plants for municipal waste management, including the complex biochemical process, factors affecting efficiency, and challenges like high costs, etc. Biogas production diverts waste from landfills, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, and creates economic opportunities. Successful case studies from Germany, India, South Africa, etc. are also highlighted in this chapter. Future research directions are also discussed to optimize the process, assess environmental impacts, and evaluate economic viability. Overall, biogas plants represent a promising approach to sustainable municipal waste management that can contribute to the transition toward a more circular and sustainable economy.
Impact of Solid Waste Disposal on Inland Water Wetlands
Authors: Bansal Rosy , Hans Monika , Bansal Esha
Published: July 2023

The solid waste disposal affects the quality of water as it leaches down in deeper layers of water bodies having dissolved organic and inorganic constituents from solid waste. The resulting polluted liquid, popularly known as leachate, increases in its concentration levels when it seeps deep inside and appears brownish to black in colour with a rotten smell. It has more organic pollutants with ammoniacal nitrogen. The toxicity levels depend upon the kind of waste, like plastic or metals, being present in solid waste which has severe impacts on human health and aquatic animals. The unselective and mismanaged disposal of waste introduces various toxins comprising of heavy metals and degrades the environment and water resources. Solid waste not only affects the inland waters but also contributes to climatic changes like emission of greenhouse gases.
Investigating the Effects of Gamification and Ludicization on Learning Achievement and Motivation
Authors: Zhang Qi
Published: July 2023

This empirical study aims to investigate and compare the actual effects of play-related approaches—gamification and ludicization—on learning achievement and motivation. The authors have employed adapted College English Test-6 and Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire to assess learning achievement and motivation, respectively. According to ANCOVA, compared with the control group (N = 24, M = 59.979, SD = 1.836), gamification significantly enhances learning achievement (N = 23, M = 66.676, SD = 1.875), while ludicization insignificantly improves learning achievement (N = 23, M = 61.041, SD = 1.862). ANOVA has presented that gamification and ludicization insignificantly influence motivational-related subscales and that ludicization shows counterproductive effects on intrinsic orientation and learning beliefs. The main conclusion is that play-related approaches might exert insignificant effects on learning achievement or motivation. Unintended uses, excessive simplification, and addiction to external rewards lead to unstable or counterproductive impacts of playful experiences.
Novel Bilinear Fusion Network Based on Multimodal Data for Student Distracted Behavior Recognition
Authors: Zhang Jian
Published: July 2023

As governments, education departments, and academic accreditation bodies have begun to encourage schools to develop evidence-based decision-making and innovation systems, learning analysis techniques have shown great advantages in decision-making aid and teaching evaluation. After integrating relevant algorithms and technologies in artificial intelligence and machine learning, learning analysis has achieved higher analysis accuracy. In order to realize the recognition of students' classroom behaviors such as standing up, sitting up, and raising hands and improve the recognition accuracy and recall rate, multi-modal data such as human key point information and RGB images are used for experiments. To further improve the feature extraction capability of the model, features are extracted from the improved ResNet-50 and EfficientNet-B0 models, and bilinear fusion is performed to further improve the recognition accuracy of the models.
Selecting Parts for Additive Manufacturing in Aerospace Sector: Multi-criteria Analysis
Authors:   PZL Mielec, Banas Aleksander ,   Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Olejarczyk Michal , Wojtuszewski Radoslaw
Published: July 2023

At a high level of product complexity, which is an aircraft, the selection of "right" parts is an activity that requires high work expenses and appropriate engineering knowledge. Data for this type of assessment should come at least from EDM/PDM class systems and from consultations with development and production departments. The first and the key stage in the process of implementing additive technologies for production is the part selection stage. The starting point for this process is to realize that AM technologies are not always the optimal ones in terms of technology and economy for the production of parts with their participation. They have manufacturing limitations related to the availability of processed materials and devices and are related to the possibility of shape mapping or achieving given performance. Therefore, when considering the parts selection, it should be considered whether: a) parts can be manufactured using current AM systems and materials, b) the parts implemented have economic justification, c) parts meet the criteria of the final product [1]. Finding a common point for these conditions can help us exploit the potential of the new manufacturing method. In this papers a methodology for a part selection process is presented and the different criteria are developed to allow for a qualitative and quantitative assessment. This methodology is based on multicriteria matrix containing a case study from the aviation sector.
Linearized Inflow and Interference Models from High Fidelity Free Wake Analysis for Modern Rotorcraft Configurations
Authors:   Continuum Dynamics Inc., Keller Jeffrey ,   US Army ADD CCDC AvMC, Tischler Mark , M. Robert , Wachspress Daniel , Juhasz Ondrej
Published: July 2023

Linearized inflow models have been used to represent dynamic wake effects for control law development and flight dynamics simulation of conventional main rotor / tail rotor helicopters. With the current focus in the industry toward high-speed concepts and electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft, modern rotorcraft designs are trending away from the conventional main rotor / tail rotor configuration for which low-order dynamic inflow models have been applied and validated. Configurations currently in design and flight testing stages include coaxial, coaxialcompound, tiltrotor, multi-rotor, and augmented lift concepts that involve strong rotor-rotor and rotor-airframe aerodynamic interactions. To support current trends in rotorcraft designs, it is necessary to revisit the low-order inflow model structure and application with respect to modern rotorcraft analysis and flight simulation methods. Research and development in recent years has focused on methods to extract equivalent linearized inflow / interference models from high-fidelity nonlinear rotorcraft aeromechanics models. This paper describes continuing work to develop an automated method for linearized inflow model extraction from high-fidelity rotorcraft aerodynamic / wake models. Emphasis is placed on the formulation of generic inflow model structures for single and coaxial rotor systems that capture relevant physical phenomena without over-parameterizing the low-order state-space inflow model.
A Framework for Modeling Two-Point Statistics of Coherence from a Database for Airwake with Helicopter Downwash
Authors:   Florida Atlantic University, Krishnan Vaishakh , Gaonkar Gopal
Published: July 2023

Airwake-downwash turbulence is nonhomogeneous and rapidly distorting, impacting on pilot workload and such critical aspects of helicopter shipboard operations. It requires both the one-point statistics of auto spectrum and the two-point statistics of coherence for a relatively complete description. While major strides have been made in generating databases of flow velocity points through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimental investigations, in numerically computing auto spectra and coherences and in developing a framework for extracting auto spectral models from a database, relatively little is known about such a development for coherence models. Accordingly, this study presents a framework for extracting coherence models from a database using a perturbation series expansion of coherence; therein, the basis function or the first term on the right hand side of the series is represented by the corresponding coherence for HIT: homeogeneous isotropic turbulence for which the frozen turbulence hypothesis is applicable. The perturbation series coefficients are evaluated by satisfying the theoretical constraints and fitting a curve in a least squares sense on a set of numerically generated coherence points in the low-frequency bandwidth (0≤ω≤10 rad/s). These models are interpretive and in closed form. Compared to voluminous, numerically generated points, they bring better understanding and complement the experimental and CFD investigations as surrogate models. As for the basis functions, the literature on coherence for HIT is scattered and piecemeal, and the expressions for coherences vary from one study to the other. Therefore, this work presents a unified account of these coherences for all three velocity components from first principles. Although, the framework has not been tested against a database, it is formulated with a mathematical basis of perturbation theory. Finally, for the assumed values of perturbation series constants, this work describes how coherences of airwake-downwash turbulence and such flow-fields that weakly deviate from HIT compare to coherences of HIT.
Helicopter Ship Landing Envelope for Model Predictive Control
Authors:   Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Greer William , Sultan Cornel
Published: July 2023

A method of defining and constructing a landing envelope is proposed and demonstrated on a model predictive control (MPC) algorithm used to land a helicopter on a moving ship. The dimensions explored for the landing envelope construction are the ship average velocity and the time prescribed to the control algorithm to land the helicopter. The landing envelope is characterized by the likelihood of landing success in given conditions. The substitution of hard constraints with soft constraints to enhance the landing envelope is also explored. Numerous simulated landings are performed and analyzed to develop landing envelopes.
Multi-Domain Model for Rotorcraft Countermeasure Dispensing
Authors:   Continuum Dynamics Inc., McKillip Robert , Quackenbush Todd
Published: July 2023

A multi-domain Eulerian/Lagrangian approach for modeling transient behavior of countermeasures released from tactical rotorcraft is being developed, that tracks chaff/flares/pyrophorics properties from initial dispensing and bloom, through entrainment within the rotorcraft flowfield, to final settling to the ground. Development of the software leverages extensive prior simulation and experimental work conducted at CDI on droplet and particle modeling, fuel jettisoning, agricultural airborne spraying applications, icing accretion, brownout cloud simulation, and store separation clearance determination. The software is designed for supporting applications that include chaff dispenser mounting design, piloted simulation training and tactics development, and radar cross-section (RCS) determination and engagement simulations. The code couples in CDI's real-time free wake analysis to support the development of accurate time-varying signature calculations and expands the potential for analysis of tactics and doctrine for countermeasure dispensing in both steady and maneuvering rotorcraft flight conditions.
Helicopter Trajectory Optimization after Aerial Slung Load Release
Authors:   Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Wang Luofeng , Chen Renliang , Yan Xufei
Published: July 2023

The intention of this paper is to provide the pilot with optimal control time history for the stabilization of a helicopter after releasing the slung load in an aerial delivery mission. A model with 31 degrees of freedom (31-DOF) has been developed and validated for a helicopter with a slung load system, from which the reduced 6-DOF rigid body helicopter model is used to generate trajectory optimization results. Investigations have been carried out on the effects of different configurations of the objective function and different assignments of weight coefficients on optimization results to determine the most appropriate objective function. The final result complies with the conclusion that the pilot should mainly decrease the collective control and adjust the longitudinal control to stabilize the helicopter after load release, while the lateral control and pedal control can be left to the control system because of their small amplitudes, and the manipulations are more aggressive as the load weight increases.
Post Lightning Strike Inspection
Authors:   US Army CCDC AvMC, Massa Travis
Published: July 2023

Inspecting an aircraft after a known or suspected lightning strike can be a tedious and subjective task. While aircraft technical manuals do provide conditional inspections following a lightning strike, these inspections tend to be broad in their approach and based solely on the presence of visual damage. This paper discusses the simple technique of tracing the lightning path through the aircraft by the use of an analog magnetometer to identify ferromagnetic parts that have been magnetized by the substantial electrical current of a lightning strike. While this technique is not novel, it is not often published as an inspection technique. Knowing the approximate path of the lightning can assist aircrews and maintainers in the identification of suspect parts that may require further inspection, repair and/or replacement thereby increasing safety and ensuring continued airworthiness of the aircraft.
RFID Solution for Tracking Components Life for Rotor Head Assembly
Authors:   Missouri S&T, Zawodniok Maciej ,   Technical Data Analysis-I Inc., Iyyer Nagaraja ,   NAVAIR, Goel Kishan , Patel Sohel , Phan Nam
Published: July 2023

The project team developed technology that enables tracking and monitoring of components made of various materials. Our product is an adaptable Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag – which is a replacement for barcodes. The tag allows to track various components throughout its life-cycle and potentially extend the life of such components and reduce maintenance costs. In contrast, the existing RFID tags perform poorly on metallic components. The proposed solution adapts to the environment and enables up to 10m (30ft) tracking range. In this paper we present the results of our work and improvement achieved with different tag designs and hardware antenna array fir RFID reader. We employ passive RFID system which is a battery-less, short-range method of data communication technology. The benefits of employing backscatter communication include easy deployment, low cost and low maintenance. However, all RFID consumers have similar problems and ask the same question “how can we still maintain a fair read rate when the number of RFID tags in our business increases?” This has been the main complaint from RFID consumers and the main challenge for RFID scientists. In addition, RFID systems suffer from short communication range and low reliability. We propose solutions to these problems.
In search of relevant contemporary ecological insights from John Calvin (1509-1564): the case of CCAP Blantyre Synod in Malawi
Authors: Zgambo Rev. Dr. Humphreys Frackson
Published: July 2023

Ecology and ecological destruction have become significant multi-sectorial subjects for worldwide conversation in recent decades (Foster, 2005:4-5). Many ecological problems stem from human activity which suggests that Christian contextual theology might also have some solutions to mitigate destructive patterns of survival. The ecological damage that is perpetrated affects not only the health of population, but also the natural species that live in particular areas (WWF Global, 2019). John Calvin (1509-1564) believed that God commissions humans to rule over the whole creation in a way that sustains, protects, and enhances His works so that all creation may fulfil the purposes of God. Human beings are responsible for taking care of the creation, and sharing all the wonders and resources to the glory of God (Forster, 2005:1). The aim of this study is to understand some aspects of ecology, causes and impacts of ecological destruction and review relevant contemporary ecological insights from John Calvin (1509-1564), redefine interdisciplinary ecological approaches, and to consider how to apply the interdisciplinary contemporary approaches to the ecological destruction in the Blantyre Synod in Malawi and elsewhere.
The communication style of Wahhabi preaching and the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad
Authors: Mahadi Ujang , Jafar Wahyu Abdul
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine whether the communication style of preaching that Wahhabis have carried out follows the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. So far, Wahhabis have always claimed that Wahhabism is the most sunnah teaching; even clerics from their group get the title of Sunnah priest, while Priests not in line with Wahhabism are labeled as heretics. This study is based on a descriptive literature research approach. The data collection technique used in this research was a literature study. At the same time, the analysis technique used in this research was descriptive. After conducting in-depth research, it was concluded that the preaching communication style that the Wahhabis have carried out is not essentially adhering to the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. Several things cause this discrepancy. First, the Prophet's Preaching is Holistic, not focused on a particular theme. In preaching, the Prophet Muhammad did it in a very balanced way. The Prophet preached the issue of monotheism, fiqh, and morality in an integrated manner without highlighting one side or the other. Preaching the Prophet like this was not followed by the Wahhabis. The Wahhabis, in their preaching, only focus on the purification of monotheism. Second, Wahhabis misunderstand the meaning of bid'ah (heretical) hadith. Wahhabis categorically reject all local traditions that did not exist at the time of the Prophet, even though the Prophet Muhammad's hadith about heresy should be properly understood. The bid'ah prohibited in the hadith is dolalah bid'ah, while the hasanah bid'ah is not forbidden and is even highly recommended. Third, Wahhabis are seemingly commiting crimes by falsifying the books of the ahlu sunah wal jamah scholars. Wahhabis changed the contents of the Book, which was initially not following the teachings of Wahhabism, and they were altered to be in line with Wahhabism.
Religious Fundamentalism and Violence in the Name of Religion
Authors: Badarussyamsi
Published: July 2023

This article aims to reveal the strengthening of the tendency of Islamic fundamentalism in Indonesia in the Action to Defend Islam that occurred during the period 2016 to 2018. In its implementation, this action always voices Islamic symbols in a textual and rigid manner, for example “non-Muslims who disbelieve” and the prohibition on making disbelievers as leaders. Uniquely, these actions were not carried out with any violence, neither did they trigger violence in the name of religion. Why did this action not lead to religious violence even though this action was clearly in the name of religion? This study finds that there are at least three factors that prevent this action of Islamic fundamentalism from acts of religious violence, namely: first, moderate Muslim infiltration in carrying out the actions, second, there is support from great scholars such as Ustadz Arifin Ilham and Ustad AA Gym who are known to be gentle and polite to all parties, and the third is the content of the Islamic Defense Action activity which is dominated by dhikr which is ritual prayer or a litany practiced by Muslims for the purpose of glorifying God and attaining spiritual excellence and general prayer.