bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Money Laundering, Cybercrime and
Criminal Responsibility of Legal Persons
Authors: Souto Miguel Abel
Published: July 2020

Directives 2015/849 and 2018/843 on money laundering require continuous adaptations of the legal framework
to respond to threats of the use of new technologies in money laundering. Directive 2018/843 extends the scope of Directive
2015/849 to ‘providers engaged in exchange services between virtual currencies and fiat currencies, as well as custodian wallet
providers’. Undoubtedly, the new payment systems facilitate money launderers’ criminal activity. These systems are better than
cash for moving large sums of money, non-face to face business relationships favour the use of straw buyers and false identities,
the absence of credit risk, as there is usually a prepaid option, discourages service providers from obtaining complete and accurate
customer information, and the nature of the trade and the speed of transactions make it difficult to control property or freezing.
However, the development of technologies, including the Internet, has unquestionable advantages involved and even provides,
through online resources, verification of identity or other duty of surveillance for the prevention of money laundering. In addition,
the reform of June 22, 2010 introduced in Spain the criminal liability of legal persons and incorporated money laundering, together
with other crimes, to this innovative model of criminal responsibility. Soon after, Organic Law 1/2015, of March 30, modified the
hitherto barely applied regulation. In conclusion, the use of dummy corporations for money laundering is frequent, as is evidenced
by the judgements of the Supreme Court of June 26, 2012 and February 4, 2015, but until recently the accessory consequences and
the doctrine of piercing the corporate veil were sufficient.
The Perception of Terrorist Threats
in Terms of the National Security Strategy
of the Republic of Poland
Authors: Stawnicka Jadwiga , Bekulard Beata
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this article is to indicate changes in the perception of terrorist threats and the approach to them on the
basis of normative documents defining strategic objectives in the area of security. The focus is on strategic papers in the field
of security from 2000 to 2014, on the one hand, and on the other, on the law of 10 June 2016 about anti-terrorist activities. The
content of the following normative documents has been analysed with regard to the recognition, combating, and prevention
of terrorist threats. The authors focus their attention on: the Security Strategy of the Republic of Poland from 2000, the National
Security Strategy of the Republic of Poland from 2003, the National Security Strategy of National Security Bureau, from 2007,
and the National Security Strategy of the National Security Bureau from 2014. The implementation of the Polish security policy
strategy is contained in four types of activity, i.e. national activities, integration with Western security structures, involvement
in international actions to resolve hazardous situations, and cooperation with other international actors in strengthening
international stability and security. The discussed strategies were created on the basis of the provisions of the amended Act on the
universal obligation to defend the Republic of Poland.
Political Radicalism as a Threat to the
Reborn Republic of Poland
Authors: HOŁUB ADAM
Published: July 2020

Political radicalism as a threat to the reborn Republic of Poland. The interwar period in Poland was characterised
by the occurrence of real threats to the internal security of the state, the source of which was radicalism and political extremism.
It was both left-wing and right-wing radicalism. We should mention here communism supported by Bolshevik Russia, Ukrainian
nationalism supported by unfavourable countries such as Germany or Czechoslovakia, and Polish right-wing radicals who
sought to change the political system of the country but not to annihilate it. All these political trends may have contributed to the
destabilization of the Second Republic, but reborn Poland managed to create an appropriate internal security system, which
included the Political Police, and on the other hand, the Polish society, as the history of the Second Republic shows, was not
seduced by the political extremes.
Trafficking in Human Beings for Forced
Labour. Contemporary Trends and Threats
Authors: ŁYŻWA ANETA
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the issue of human trafficking in legal and criminological terms, with particular emphasis on the
exploitation of victims of the crime for work or forced services. The author introduces the essence of forced labour by reaching
for many of its legal definitions contained in legal acts in the rank of conventions, as well as ordinary laws. At the same time,
it highlights the factors that characterize the type of work indicated and allow to distinguish it from other types of violations,
including violation of employee rights. The phenomenon of human trafficking is shown through the prism of its current evaluation
tendencies, both globally and regionally (European, and especially EU). To this end, the author presents statistical data collected
in recent years by, inter alia, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, the International Labour Organization, the International
Organization for Migration and the European Commission. She emphasizes, however, that the actual scale of the aforementioned
crime remains unknown. A significant part of the discussion focuses on the issue of human trafficking in modern Poland, showing
the scale of the dealings in question, diagnosed in recent years by law enforcement agencies. A lot of attention is also paid to the
spectrum of crime threats on the Polish labour market from the perspective of foreigners. Thus, with particular care, she considers
the problem of violating the employment rights of Ukrainian citizens as the largest group of foreigners illegally employed in Poland.
She also shows the legal situation in this area of the citizens of Belarus, Moldova, India and Russia. She discusses this issue in the
context of activities of the National Labour Inspectorate included in the audit report for 2017. The author further scientific interest
includes the issue of criminalization of human trafficking in selected countries around the world. In this respect, it refers primarily
to legal regulations contained in the Latvian, Hungarian, Swiss, Finnish, Ukrainian and Liechtenstein penal codes. The author’s
ambition was to present the indicated issues in a concise manner, while also taking into account its most important aspects.
The Concept of Russian Federation Foreign
and Security Policy by Eugene Primakov
Authors: Delong Marek
Published: July 2020

The aim of this article is to analyze the concept of Russian foreign and security policy by Eugene Primakov, one of the
most eminent Russian politicians of the twentieth century. The article applies research methods and techniques appropriate
to science about politics. These include a comparative analysis and a method of historical analysis that enabled the presentation
of political events and factors shaping the foreign and security policy of the Russian Federation. In 1996, President Boris Yeltsin
appointed Primakov to the post of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation. The goals and assumptions of foreign
and security policy have undergone a thorough redefinition, related to the tendencies noticeable in Russia in 1993–1995. Before,
foreign policy had been dominated by neoliberal and Euro-Atlantic options, whose representative was predominantly Primakov’s
predecessor as the minister of foreign affairs, Andrei Kozyrev. After the fall of Sergei Kirijenka’s government, Primakov assumed the
office of Prime Minister on September 11, 1998 and held it until May 12, 1999. It was a cabinet of political compromise, which
was supposed to facilitate agreement with the opposition and the continuation of reforms, although not on the same principles
as before. Primakov criticized his predecessors for the wrong political line, the lack of effectiveness of the stabilization policy, which
resulted in a fall in production. He stressed that his government did not give up market reform, but called for the state’s participation
to be increased. Yevgeny Primakov claimed that Russia should strive to formulate a multipolar system of international relations that
truly reflects the multifaceted nature of the present world with the diversity of its interests. Primakov exerted a huge influence on the
Russian foreign and security policy of Putin’s day. His political line was carried out by his successors, and above all Igor Ivanov and
Sergey Lavrov. The main directions and assumptions of his concepts are still repeated in official documents articulating the Russian
doctrine of security and defense, and nothing indicates that this state of affairs has changed, and this in turn carries the threat of destabilization in Central and Eastern Europe.
Clinical Outcome of Fixed Versus Adjustable Loop Cortical Suspension Devices in Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Mohamed Ramy Said Assaad Ahmed , El-Din El-Shafie Mohamed Hossam , El-Sheikh Mohamed Ahmed
Published: July 2020

Background. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction has remained the gold standard for ACL injuries, especially for young individuals and athletes exposed to high level sporting activities aiming to return to their preinjury level of activity. Cortical suspensory femoral fixation is commonly performed for graft fixation to the femur in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using hamstring tendons. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical results of using fixed and adjustable loop cortical suspension devices in arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using the Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale after 12 months postoperatively.
Material and methods. This study included a total of sixty patients who underwent transportal arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using a hamstring tendon autograft from November 2016 to December 2017. For femoral graft fixation, a fixed-length loop device was used in 30 patients (fixed-loop group) and an adjustable-length loop device was used in 30 patients (adjustable-loop group) randomly.For tibial graft fixation, interference screw was used for all patients.
Results. The present study shows that there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the Lysholm score with highly statistically significant difference between preoperative and postoperative Lysholm score in each group separately.
Conclusion. Both fixed loop and adjustable loop devices in ACL reconstruction provided good clinical outcomes but without significant statistical difference between both groups from the clinical point of view postoperatively using the Lysholm score.
Dairy Farms Biosecurity to Protect against Infectious Diseases and Antibiotics Overuse
Authors: Baraitareanu Stelian , Vidu Livia
Published: July 2020

Biosecurity is a key element in the battle against antibiotic resistance. The goals of biosecurity are focused not only on the reduction or prevention of the introduction of new diseases from outside sources but also on the reduction or prevention of the movement of infectious diseases on the farm. In this regard, the use of antibiotics can be reduced by simple actions such as physically inspecting animals, testing for bovine diseases, vaccination, or quarantine for at least 3 weeks before mixing with the herd of all new additions. All these examples reduce the risk of diseases with germs from outside. This chapter attempts to synthesize the best biosecurity solutions that can be applied in modern dairy farms.
The Challenges of Multiculturalism, General Education, and Grounded Cosmopolitanism
Authors: Kögler Hans-Herbert ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2020

Redefining the canon and the core curriculum is a popular topic in the current debate concerning multiculturalism. The focus on education is indeed crucial, insofar as it creates a symbolic ground for a democratic society, implying the possibility of universal dialogue across cultural and social differences. Yet to overcome the fragmenting dissensus among radical, conservative, and liberal positions, we need a concept of "general education" that reconciles the normative ideals of equality and freedom with the social reality of ethnic, social, and sexual diversity. I argue that we can develop such a new philosophy of education in the spirit of a grounded cosmopolitanism by showing how a shared and still culturally sensitive understanding can emerge from different cultural backgrounds. The goal of democratic education consists thus in the creation of a culturally grounded yet reflexively open self, as the precondition for democratic participation in the multicultural public sphere.
Universal—A Continent beyond Tradition
Authors: Nadin Mihai ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2020

The global scale of contemporary human life and activity places us in a generic conflict between our identity as individuals and our awareness of the individual's global responsibilities. We face a conflict between the reassuring condition of living according to tradition and the unsettling condition of living in the "new continent" where human self-constitution has global implications. The cohesive set of shared traditional values and ideals is effectively overwritten by the possibility and necessity of innovation in response to global demands. Many paths between the ideal of universahsm and the individual's instantiation in tradition have been contemplated by philosophers and social activists. Given the current dynamics of change, most of these projects, while of good intendon, are nevertheless profoundly naïve in their fundamental assumptions. We are at a crossroads in which we experience a condition of instability that precedes any fundamental bifurcation. But in contrast to the dominant view that instability is by definition negative, we are witnessing an extraordinary explosion of creativity.
Towards a Logic of Resolution-Oriented Dialogue
Authors: Norman Andrew ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2020

I show that resolution-oriented discourse has a distinctive normative structure, partially subject to theoretical explication.Those with a keen commitment to the idea of working out differences of opinion dialogically may fail to grasp what such a commitment entails. In the heat of discursive conflict, discerning our obligations is often difficult. These difficulties yield a general lack of clarity concerning the norms in question. Yet theory can inform reason-giving practice by clarifying the normative structures underlying such discourse. A logic of disputation must be anchored in the relevant features of concrete discursive contexts, even as it abstracts from their particularities. Different types of challenge present claimants with different options for redeeming the claim challenged, and defending moves, too, open up and close off various options for the challenger. I show that the structure of the normative "field" at any point in the dialectic can be characterized with surprising precision.
Neo-Confucianism and Universalism
Authors: Blakeley Donald N. ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2020

I explore the features of universalist thinking in the work of Zhu X i (Chu Hsi: 1130-1200), examining the following: (1) the importance of li (principle) in Zhu Xi's cosmology and ethics; (2) the course of moral development of a Confucian sage and the spheres of expanding identity and responsibility; (3) the ideal of impartiality in achieving a composure of unity with the world; and (4) the ideal of differentiated (or graded) love as an expression of living in accord with li and xing (nature). I conclude with some critical observations regarding these major features of Zhu Xi's universalism, noting some hazards of such cross-cultural analysis, and acknowledging general problems facing the non-pluralistic perspective of his work.
Universalism vs. Particularism in Medical Ethics
Authors: Okamoto Tamayo ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2020

In the context of medical ethics, how can the concept of informed consent be effectively implemented in a traditional society such as Japan? If the need for more openness and transparency is not felt in the practice of medicine and welfare, the clients must remain under the spell of paternalistic data. Patients and health-care professionals other than doctors are taken to be "responsible for what they do but not to be accountable for their conduct" (according to a feudal lord's slogan regarding rule over the people) because they do not participate in a decision-making process. I explore the possibility of the concept's full implementation against the particularists' (cultural relativists) and communitarian ethicists' effort to reject the universal nature of the concept.
Abstract Painting
Authors: Novák Josef ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: July 2020

Since the beginning of the twentieth century, abstract art has formed a central stream of modern art. To attain purely aesthetic goals, many avant-garde artists turned painting in particular into a pursuit of breaking off the relations with natural forms. Instead of copying them, they have merely relied on their inner visions. When externalizing these visions directly on the canvas or sheets of paper, the practitioners of abstract art have inadvertently used the phenomenological method and its epoché. In this essay I argue that the philosophies of Kupka and Husserl are largely compatible. This is not because the two use the same terminology, but because they virtually mean and do the same thing in their respective fields. Even where there are significant differences between them, these are not as great as it might at first seem. In the essay’s conclusion I sum up some of the most significant implications their compatible theories have for the philosophy of art and for various theories of art today.
Indicadores para evaluar programas de Orientación Educativa
Authors: Manzano Nuria
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEste artículo expone el proceso y resultados de la investigación llevada a cabo, relativa a la elaboración de un sistema de indicadores para evaluar programas de orientación educativa. Dicho sistema consta de seis factores de calidad, veinte dimensiones y cien indicadores. Una vez realizado, se validó su contenido mediante un juicio de expertos y a través de la técnica Delphi. Como resultado, se mejoró la formulación y ubicación de los indicadores, la medida más adecuada y se obtuvo una ponderación de cada uno de ellos.ABSTRACTThis article presents the process and results of a research which, focused on the development of indicator systems to evaluate guidance programs. Such system has six quality factors, twenty dimensions and one hundred indicators. Afterwards, content validation was carried out through experts judgement (Delphi technique). Results allowed to improve definition and location of indicators, to get the most appropriate measure and a ponderation of each indicator.
Colaboración escuela-familias: análisis de una experiencia de escuela de padres en el I.E.S. Torreblanca de Sevilla durante el curso 1998/99
Authors: Moreno Manuel
Published: July 2020

RESUMENCon la presente experiencia, pretendemos potenciar la comunicación y el diálogo, de modo permanente y comprensivo entre profesorado y familias en nuestro contexto educativo. El planteamiento fue coordinado por el orientador del centro, contando con el apoyo y respaldo de la Dirección del mismo, la colaboración y participación de un grupo de profesores y sobre todo de las familias que se implicaron en ella. Se intentó crear un espacio de reflexión sobre los conflictos cotidianos, ofertando soluciones, alternativas, criterios de actuación y consiguiendo un mejor entendimiento entre padres e hijos, alumnos-educadores y padres-profesorado. El modelo de intervención seguido se puede considerar ecléctico: enfoque instructivo y social, informando, trabajando en grupo, analizando casuísticas, exponiendo experiencias, buscando respuestas y proponiendo alternativas a los temas tratados. Los contenidos se encuadran dentro de tres bloques: higiene mental y desarrollo de la personalidad, educación para la salud y aspectos educativos y escolares. El grado de satisfacción tanto a padres como a profesores .desprendido de la evaluación de la experiencia. ha llevado a la continuación de la misma tratando de incentivar uno de los aspectos que tanto se reclama en los contextos educativos para conseguir una enseñanza de calidad: la colaboración y participación de las familias en el seno de la vida escolar.ABSTRACTIt was intended to promote the communication and dialogue with the present experience in a permanent and comprehensive way between the teachers and families in our educational enviroment. The establisment of the projet was coordinated by the school pedagogical specialist relying on the support and colaboration of the school management and also of a group of tenchers and families who worked on this projet. A period reflexion was created to study daily conflicts in order to offer solutions, alternatives, norms for action and to achieve a better understanding betiveen parents and childreu, students and educators, parents and teachers. The patterns for intervention followed was ecletic: social and instructive focus with a lot of information and group work analysing individual cases, sharing experiences, looking for auswers and proposing alternative solutions to the subjet dealt with. The contents can be placed into three categories: mental hygiene and personal developmant, headth education and school issues. The lord of satisfaction for both the parents and the teachers -according to the control of the experience- has brought about the continuation of this experience trying to encourage oncof the desired goals so demanded ley the educational projects to achieve a teaching of quality: the family cooperation and participation in the school life.
Videoconferencia y orientación. Ambito de aplicación y ejemplos de buenas prácticas
Authors: Cogoi Cristina
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEste artículo analiza el papel de la videoconferencia en la orientación profesional a partir de las experiencias llevadas a cabo en programas europeos y define los contextos principales de aplicación. ABSTRACTThis article analyses the role of videoconference technology in vocational guidance on the basis of experiences carried out under European programmes, and defines the main contexts of application.
Valoración de necesidades del personal de formación, gestión y administración de los centros especiales de empleo en Asturias
Authors: Carrio Eva María
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEste trabajo es un análisis de necesidades que parte de la realidad a través de un estudio descriptivo de la misma. Para evaluar las necesidades del personal de formación, gestión y administración que trabaja en los Centros Especiales de Empleo partimos de las propias percepciones de este personal sobre estos Centros, sobre la labor que desempeñan y sobre los problemas y dificultades a las que se enfrentan al tratar de favorecer la inserción laboral de las personas con discapacidad. La información recogida se ha obtenido mediante la elaboración y aplicación de cuestionarios semiestructurados y entrevistas abiertas.ABSTRACTThis job is an analysis of needs that part of the reality through a descriptive study of the same one. To evaluate the needs of the personnel of formation, management and administration that works in the Special Centers of Employment we leave from the own perceptions of this personnel upon these Centers, upon the work that they perform and upon the problems and difficulties to the ones that are faced al to try to favor the labor insertion of the persons with disabilities. The information collected has been obtained by means of the elaboration and application of questionnaires half-structured and open interviews.
Etiología del consumo de alcohol en la adolescencia: análisis de diversos enfoques y teorías
Authors: Senra María
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEl abuso de bebidas alcohólicas entre la población adolescente es un problema ya antiguo y numerosos científicos lo han estudiado desde distintas vertientes y con enfoques diversos. En este trabajo se realiza un análisis longitudinal de la evolución del concepto de alcoholismo y su etiologia, revisando las teorías que han prevalecido en los últimos 50 años.ABSTRACTAdolescent acohol abuse is an old problem and numerous scientifics have studied it from different views. This work analized the alcoholism concept evolution and its etiology by reviewing prevalent theories during last 50 years.
Evaluación e intervención educativa en el campo familiar
Authors: Martínez González Raquel-Amaya , Pérez Herrero Mª Henar
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEl artículo presenta inicialmente una conceptualización psicopedagógica de la familia que permite entenderla como contexto educativo, de aprendizaje y de desarrollo humano. Entre los diversos modelos teóricos que estudian la familia se destaca el Ecológico de Bronfenbrenner como referente de análisis de la diversidad familiar y de las distintas necesidades que es preciso detectar a través de la evaluación del contexto familiar. Este proceso de evaluación se ejemplifica con información sobre necesidades prioritarias identificadas por padres, hijos y profesores en una investigación destinada a diagnosticar el estado de cooperación entre familias y centro escolar. Así mismo, se incluyen datos sobre las necesidades y expectativas que tienen los padres de recibir orientación educativa a través del desarrollo de programas de formación. A este respecto el artículo incluye indicadores, resultados de investigación y limitaciones a tener en cuenta en el proceso de evaluación de estos programas de formación.ABSTRACTThe article starts with a psychopedagogical conceptualization of the family in order to understand it as an educative and learning context for human development. The Ecological model of Bronfenbrenner has been taken into account as a reference to understand family diversity and family needs, which can be detected through an evaluation process. Results from this process have been exemplified by enclosing information about needs identified by parents, children and teachers in a family-school partnership research. Moreover, information about parents needs and expectations of receiving parenting training, as well as indicators, results and limitations of training programs for parents, has been included.
Relación de la madurez vocacional con el rendimiento académico, la edad y el sexo
Authors: Anaya Daniel
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEl trabajo estudia las relaciones de la edad, el sexo y el rendimiento académico con las medidas de madurez vocacional o de la carrera proporcionadas por el Career Development Inventory School Form. Los hallazgos, basados sobre una amplia muestra de estudiantes españoles de educación secundaria representativa a nivel nacional, constituyen una importante aportación a la validez del instrumento para su utilización en el colectivo estudiado.ABSTRACTThis work studies relationships of age, sex, and academic achievement with career maturity measurements provided by Career Devepoment Inventory School Form. The finds, based over an extensive sample of spanish high school students representative at national level, constitute an important contribution to instrument validity for its utilization with this collective.
Un instrumento para el análisis de los libros de texto desde una orientación sociolaboral no sesgada
Authors: Miranda Santana Cristina
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEl valor de este trabajo se enmarca desde lo que podemos denominar diagnóstico en educación y se fundamenta en aportar un instrumento que nos permite analizar en qué medida los materiales didácticos utilizados habitualmente en el desarrollo del curriculum escolar atienden a una educación sociolaboral no sesgada. En concreto los libros de texto al ser los recursos más utilizados por el profesorado. Asimismo, aportamos las rejillas de análisis de los códigos lingüísticos e icónicos.ABSTRACTThe importance of this report its based in what we can call educational diagnosis and it provides an instrument that will allow us to analyse in what measure the didactic materials used in the curriculum development confirm non-stereotyped career education specifically the text books because they are the most widely used instruments amongst teachers. We also provide a matrix with the linguistic and image codes.
Elementos que influyen en el fracaso universitario: un estudio descriptivo
Authors: Alonso Martín Pilar , Lobato Soriano Herminia
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEl presente trabajo pretende describir algunos de los elementos que intervienen en el fracaso universitario y para ello se construyó un cuestionario que fue cumplimentado de manera anónima por los alumnos que aceptaron participar. El estudio se realizó en los dos curso de la Licenciatura de Psicopedagogía (licenciatura de 2º ciclo), perteneciente a la Facultad de CC.EE. de la Universidad de Huelva,tanto en el horario de mañana como de tarde, durante los meses de Abril y Mayo del 2002.Los principales resultados obtenidos muestran que los hábitos de lectura son escasos, quedando reducido a los libros obligatorios de las distintas asignaturas; la media de horas dedicadas al estudio es de10 horas semanales, tiempo que se reparte en un estudio diario de las asignaturas para la mitad de la muestra. La herramienta más utilizada son los apuntes de clase. Respecto a los procedimientos y técnicas de estudio se observó que la gran mayoría de la muestra sí las utiliza; el tipo de examen preferido es el combinado (mezcla de tipo test y desarrollo); en cuanto a las dificultades de los dos tipos de examen son el uso de preguntas confusas y la dificultad para estructurar las respuestas.Además de estas dificultades los tres cuartas partes de la muestra señalan como el principal obstáculo que interfiere en sus estudios la cantidad de trabajos que tienen que realizar para las distintas asignaturas.ABSTRACTThe present work seeks to describe some of the elements that intervene in the university failure and for it was built it a questionnaire that was executed in an anonymous way by the students that accepted to participate. The study was carried out in the Licentiate of Psicopedagogía, belonging to the Ability of CC.EE of the University of Huelva, so much in tomorrows schedule like of late, during the months of April and May of the 2002.The main obtained results show that the reading habits are scarce, being reduced to the obligatory books of the different subjects; the stocking of hours dedicated to the study is of 10 weekly hours, time that isdistributed in a daily study of the subjects stops half of the sample. The used tool is the class notes.Regarding the procedures and technical of study it was observed that the great majority of the sample yes it uses them; the type of favorite exam is the cocktail (mixture of type test and development); as for the difficulties of the two exam types they are the use of confused questions and the difficulty to structure the answers.Besides these difficulties the fourth three parts of the sample point out as the main obstacle that interferes in their studies the quantity of works that you/they have to carry out for the different subjects.
Pasado y presente de la orientación en Venezuela. Influencia española
Authors: Boronat Mundina Julia , Molina Contreras Denyzluz
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEste artículo contempla el origen, desarrollo y situación actual de la orientación en un país latinoamericano: Venezuela. Cabe destacar la profunda influencia española en dos momentos muy significativos: El primero, contextualizado en la tercera década del siglo XX, cuando prestigiosos profesores españoles dejaron sentir su influencia en el campo educativo, incidiendo en la necesidad de contempla rla orientación profesional en este ámbito; el segundo, más reciente, en los años noventa, cuando el Ministerio de Educación de Venezuela toma como referente la Reforma educativa (LOGSE, 1990),ocupando la orientación escolar una presencia real y progresiva en su normativa, aplicada en los tres niveles curriculares, la formación de valores y los temas transversales.ABSTRACTThis paper deals with the origin, development, and present situation of guidance in a Latin-American country: Venezuela. It is possible to point out the deep Spanish influence in two moments of significant changes. One during the second decade of the XXth century, when prestigious Spanish professors showed their influence in the educational field, by incorporating vocational guidance. The other one, more recent, during the nineties, when the Venezuelan educational system takes  our  reform  (LOGSE,  1990)  as reference,  having  school  guidance  a  real  and progressive presence  in  the  three  levels  of  the Venezuelan  curriculum,  in  the  values  education  and  in the transversal subjects.
La valoración de la docencia universitaria en función del sexo y del centro de los estudiantes encuestados
Authors: Ruiz Carrascosa Juan
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEn este artículo se presenta un estudio sobre la valoración de la docencia universitaria por parte de alumnado. A partir de un análisis factorial realizado en la elaboración del cuestionario podemos establecer la existencia de 4 factores de la evaluación de la docencia universitaria. Se analizan las dimensiones y variables más valoradas y se realiza un análisis de varianza para determinar si existen diferencias significativas, a nivel estadístico, entre las valoraciones realizadas en función del sexo de los encuestados y del centro al que pertenecen. Finalizamos el artículo con unas líneas futuras de trabajo de grado y posgrado del Crédito Europeo.ABSTRACTThis paper is about student´s appraisal of university teaching. Factorial analysis of questionnaires shows four factors influencing the assessment of university teaching. The best valued variables and dimensions are analyzed, and analysis of variance is used for significant differences according to the sex or institution of the informants. The paper finally proposes initiatives for adaptation of university teaching to the guidelines of under and post-graduate studies under the European Credit System.
Un análisis de la orientación profesional desde la tecnoética educativa
Authors: Cortés Pascual Pilar Alejandra
Published: July 2020

RESUMENLa orientación profesional hay que situarla en un contexto sociohistórico concreto que actualmente se caracteriza por la Sociedad de la Información. Desde aquí, nos planteamos que un contenido relativo a la orientación profesional ha ser la comprensión de un análisis ético de las tecnologías y los medios de comunicación, a los que se ha de enfrentar un sujeto en su desarrollo profesional. Esta idea se concretiza en el concepto de tecnoética educativa, y se aborda desde dos parámetros: los valores intrínsecos que incluyen las tecnologías y los medios de comunicación (fin de la tecnoética), y uso de éstos como mediadores de los valores éticos (medio de la tecnoética). Desde ambos sentidos se presenta concisamente la propuesta que se implementa en la actualidad mediante el proyecto Laboratorio de Observación sobre Tecnoética para Adultos (LOTA) y sus implicaciones en la orienta-ción profesional.ABSTRACTCareer Guidance should be set within a specific socio-historical context, which is nowadays characterized by the Society of Information. From this starting point, we think that the understanding of bothan ethical analysis of technology as well as of the means of communication, which individuals will have to deal with in their professional development, must be considered as a content linked to career guidance. This idea becomes more definite in the concept of educational technoethics and it is studied from two parameters: the intrinsic values that technology and the mass-media include (the aim of technoethics) and their use as mediators of ethical values (means of technoethics). Therefore, the proposal that is currently being implemented in the project Observation Laboratory on Technoethics for Adults (LOTA) as well as its implications for career guidance are concisely presented from both points of view.
Análisis de la práctica educativa del ámbito de intervención de la formación básica de jóvenes y adultos: más allá de lo meramente académico
Authors: Ricoy Lorenzo Mª Carmen , Feliz Murias Tiberio
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEn este artículo realizamos un análisis de la educación de personas jóvenes y adultas desde sus ámbitos de intervención y aproximación legislativo-curricular de la formación básica. Así mismo, recogemos una investigación empírica que nos permite analizar, contrastar y conocer la situación educativa estudiada en contextos naturales. Esta investigación se desarrolla en la Comunidad Autónoma Gallega, involucrando en la misma al alumnado y profesorado a través de una perspectiva metodológica cuantitativo-cualitativa.ABSTRACTIn this article, we carry out an analysis of the training of adult people, starting from its intervention areas, its contextual framework, and its legislative, curricular context in the basic training. Likewise, we explain a descriptive research that allows to analyse, interpret, and know the educational situation, studying it in natural contexts. This research was developed in the Spanish region of Galicia  (Northwest  of Spain),  involving  the  students  and  teachers  through  a qualitative,  quantitative methodology.
Una reflexión acerca de las tutorías universitarias a partir de las valoraciones realizadas por Profesores Tutores de la Universitat de València
Authors: Chiva Sanchis Inmaculada , Ramos Santana Genoveva
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEste artículo responde a la necesidad de reflexionar acerca de las tutorías universitarias para alumnos de primero y sobre cómo llevar a cabo, de la manera más eficaz y efectiva posible, el Plan de Acción Tutorial (PAT). Esta reflexión se realiza a partir de las consideraciones, aportaciones y experiencias personales que algunos profesores/tutores han manifestado a lo largo de distintas sesiones de trabajo respecto a la implementación del PAT en la Universitat de València. Todo ello, con el objetivo de mejorar e innovar en el contexto universitario basándonos en experiencias reales.ABSTRACTThis article responds to the need of reflecting about university tutoring for first year students and how to accomplish the Tutorial Action Plan (TAP) in the most effective way. This reflection is real, emerging from the considerations, contributions and personal experiences that some professors and tutors have manifested along some work sessions in relation to the implementation of the TAP at the University of Valencia. All of it, with the aim of enhancing our practice and innovating in the university context based on real experiences.
Elaboración de un perfil de la orientación en Educación Secundaria desde las demandas de la comunidad educativa
Authors: González López Ignacio , García Rueda Francisco Javier
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEste trabajo busca delimitar, a partir de un estudio empírico realizado en Córdoba capital y provincia, cuáles son las necesidades planteadas al departamento de orientación por parte de la familia, el alumnado, el profesorado, los equipos directivos y la inspección, con el fin de ayudar a los orientadores y orientadoras a seleccionar y promover entre sus múltiples tareas aquellas que son más demandadas. Del mismo modo, puede servir como base para una posible regulación de la función orientadora en los centros de secundaria.ABSTRACTFrom an empirical study developed in Cordova and province, the study presented in this article seeks to highlight the needs expressed by families, pupils, teaching staff, headteachers, and inspectors in relation to the work of the Guidance Department, with the aim of helping guidance workers to select, among their multiple tasks, those that are most demanded. At the same time, it could serve as the basis for regulating the functions of guidance in secondary schools.
Editorial
Authors: Repetto Elvira
Published: July 2020

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Propuestas para la mejora de las Escuelas Taller, Casas de Oficios y Talleres de Empleo
Authors: De Miguel Díaz Mario , Pereira González Marisa , Pascual Díez Julián , Carrio Fernández Eva María
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEn este artículo presentamos las propuestas derivadas de la reflexión de los participantes en 100 proyectos, desarrollados en Asturias entre 2001 y 2004, pertenecientes a programas de empleo-formación. Directores, profesores, monitores, personal de apoyo, personal administrativo y alumnos-trabajadores participaron en esta evaluación mediante entrevistas en profundidad, cuestionarios, entrevistas telefónicas y grupos de discusión. Como resultado de esta colaboración, se identificaron diversas medidas que pueden contribuir a incrementar la calidad de los programas de empleo-formación.ABSTRACTIn this article we present the proposals derived from the reflection of the participants in 100 projects, developed in Asturias between 2001 and 2004, in the context of the employment and training programmes. Directors, teachers, monitors, support personnel, administrative personnel and working students participated in this evaluation through in-depth interviews, questionnaires, phone interviews and focus groups. As a result of this collaboration, the measures that can contribute to increase the quality of the employment and training programs were identified.
Propuesta de intervención para detener el bullying
Authors: Tejada Garitano Eneko , Romero Andonegi Ainara , Garay Ruiz Urtza
Published: July 2020

RESUMEN El bullying es un tipo de violencia específica que sucede en el ámbito educativo y que tiene una gran repercusión social. Los factores de riesgo que contribuyen a que se produzca acoso escolar son múltiples. A pesar de que los expertos recomiendan abordar el problema desde una perspectiva psicosocial y sistémica, las instituciones educativas tienden a intervenir solo sobre los factores personales de la figura de los acosadores, por lo que hay que optimizar las acciones que contribuyen a detener el bullying. A pesar de que existen diferentes instrumentos para prevenir las conductas de acoso escolar, los centros educativos no disponen de tantos medios para detener esas conductas cuando ya se han producido. El objetivo de la investigación que se presenta a continuación es analizar la actuación llevada a cabo con el fin de detener las conductas bullying y diseñar un procedimiento específico que permita abordar el problema. Se ha utilizado una metodología cualitativa de investigación acción, a través de la que se han categorizado las intervenciones llevadas a cabo para detener las conductas de acoso. De los resultados de la investigación se extrae un procedimiento secuenciado en fases que constituye una propuesta válida para intervenir con alumnado acosador ya que contribuiría a detener las conductas de acoso escolar.ABSTRACTBullying is a specific type of violence that happens in education and has a great social impact. There are multiple risk factors that contribute to harassment being produced at school. Although experts recommend tackling the problem from a psychosocial and systemic perspective, educational institutions tend to take action by just dealing with the personal issues that lead bullies to have such behavior. Therefore, actions that help stop bullying have to be optimized. Although there are different mechanisms and tools to prevent bullying behavior, schools do not count on so many means to prevent that kind of behavior from happening. The aim of the present research is to analyze the actions which are carried out in order to stop harassment at school and design a specific procedure to tackle and give an answer to the problem. A research-action qualitative methodology has been used, in which  the interventions carried out to stop bullying behavior have been categorized. By analyzing the outcome of the investigation, we can work out a procedure which is sequenced in phases. This proposal is valid to take action on harassers due to the fact that it will prevent bullying behavior from happening.
Parceria sexual entre pessoas vivendo com HIV: gerenciando as diferenças sorológicas
Authors: Braz de Oliveira Layze , Braz Costa Christefany Régia , Pontes Priscila Silva , Brito Magalhães Rosilane de Lima , Gir Elucir , Reis Renata Karina
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Analizar si existen diferencias entre las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y afectivas sexuales en las diferentes asociaciones sexuales entre personas viviendo con VIH / sida. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio transversal realizado en un servicio de asistencia especializada en el tratamiento de personas con el Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana, con 173 participantes. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de entrevistas con cuestionarios construidos para el estudio. Resultados: Se verificaron evidencias estadísticas entre la serología del compañero y el sexo, estado civil, hijo, número de hijos. La serología del compañero sexual también presentó evidencias científicas entre las variables tipo de asociación, uso del preservativo masculino, práctica sexual vaginal insertiva, divulgación del diagnóstico del VIH para la asociación sexual y considera importante la divulgación del VIH para el socio. Conclusión: La serología del compañero fue influenciada por las variables sociodemográficas y afectivo-sexuales.

Objective: To analyze whether there are differences between socio-demographic, clinical and affective-sexual characteristics in the different sexual partnerships between people living with HIV/AIDS. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in a care service specialized in the treatment of people with Human Immunodeficiency Virus, with 173 participants. Data were collected through interviews with a questionnaire built for the study. Results: Statistical evidences were verified between the serology of the partner and the sex, marital status, child, number of children. The serology of the sexual partner also presented scientific evidence among the type variables of partnership, use of the male condom, insertive vaginal sex, dissemination of the HIV diagnosis to the sexual partnership and the importance of spreading HIV to the partner. Conclusion: The serology of the partner was influenced by sociodemographic and affective-sexual variables.
Palaeoentomological study of the lacustrine oil-shales of the lower Miocene San Chils locality (Ribesalbes-Alcora Basin, Castellón province, Spain)
Authors: Álvarez-Parra Sergio , Peñalver Enrique
Published: July 2020

For the first time, the study of the fossil record present in laminated bituminous dolostones from the San Chils locality, lower Miocene in age (ca. 19 Ma), located at the Ribesalbes-Alcora Basin, is addressed. The identification of 11 families and three genera belonging to six insect orders (Orthoptera, Thysanoptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Diptera) has been carried out. Furthermore, ephippia of ladoceran crustaceans, one bird feather, vertebrate coprolites and plant remains have been found. The San Chils palaeodiversity has been compared to that of La Rinconada, a similar outcrop in the same basin and depositional unit. Both localities correspond to lacustrine deposits and were mined during the past two centuries. This work has increased the palaeontological richness of the Ribesalbes-Alcora Basin with new fi ndings such as specimens of the subfamily Corixinae (Hemiptera: Corixidae), some ant workers (Hymenoptera: ormicidae), a specimen assigned to the genus Exechia (Diptera: Mycetophilidae), ephippia of Daphnia  (Ctenodapnia ) sp. (Branchiopoda: Cladocera), the possible first report of the genus Sciocoris  (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) for the Neogene fossil record and the possible presence of the family Aeolothripidae (Thysanoptera). The current collection of fossil specimens from San Chils is small, but shows that it shared similar palaeoenvironmental conditions to that of La Rinconada, both in the lake waters and in the surroundings.