bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PECULIARITIES OF SH WAVE PROPAGATION IN A TWO-LAYER STRUCTURE OF INHOMOGENEOUS PIEZOELECTRIC AND DIELECTRIC LAYERS
Authors: Belyankova T. I. , Vorovich E. I. , Kalinchuk V. V.
Published: October 2024

An approach to modeling dynamic processes in a semi-infinite composite plate of inhomogeneous piezoelectric and dielectric layers is proposed. When modeling the inhomogeneity of the layers, a two-component model with a functionally gradient change in properties was used, in which the physical parameters of the base material continu-ously change along the thickness up to the inclusion parameters. The material of the piezoelectric layer is a combination of PZT-based piezoceramics with a significant differ-ence in speed characteristics. The possibility of localizing the inhomogeneity both at the outer surface of the plate, and in the middle of the layer or at the interface has been im-plemented. The dielectric layer is made of SiO2, the inhomogeneity of the dielectric layer models the interpenetration of the piezoelectric and the dielectric in a narrow transition region near the interface. The elastic and dielectric moduli of the piezoelectric material located near the interface were considered as parameters of the inclusion material. The outer surfaces of the composite plate are stress-free and electrically short-circuited. The problem of the propagation of surface SH-waves in a composite structure of functionally gradient piezo- and dielectric layers initiated by the action of an infinitely distant source of harmonic oscillations is considered. The solution is constructed in the space of Fou-rier images by reducing to the solution of a system of ordinary differential equations with variable coefficients, which in turn is constructed using the Runge – Kutta – Merson method. The dispersion equation of the problem is presented, the analysis of which made it possible to investigate the influence of the nature, size of the transition region of materials and localization of structural inhomogeneity on the behavior of SAW phase velocities for a wide frequency range. The results obtained are given in dimensionless parameters and may be of particular interest in the development, design and optimization of new materials for micro- and nanoscale devices and devices based on SH SAW with high performance characteristics.
MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF POLYURETHANE COMPOSITES WITH NANOSIZED FILLERS
Authors: Mokhireva K. A. , Svistkov A. L. , Shadrin V. V. , Sokolov A. K. , Voznyakovskii A. P. , Neverovskaya A. Yu.
Published: October 2024

This paper reports the results of a study on the structure and properties of elasto-meric nanocomposites based on polyurethane, which is of special interest due to its heterogeneous structure. So, the unfilled polyurethane also can be considered as a nanocomposite with complex mechanical behavior. Our study was performed on unfilled polyurethane and polyurethane filled with carbon particles of various morphologies: 1) few-layer graphene; 2) multi-walled carbon nanotubes; 3) diamond charge (detonation nanodiamonds). The content of filler in composites was 0.5 and 4 phr. Analysis of the mechanical behavior of the materials under consideration was car-ried out on the basis of the results of classical uniaxial tensile tests and cyclic experi-ments with increasing amplitude of deformation. The results obtained demonstrated that the incorporation of even a small filler amount in a polyurethane matrix leads to a signifi-cant change in the mechanical properties of the material. First of all, the stiffness of the material decreases in all cases. Secondly, the rupture (tensile failure) of the filled material significantly increases (almost in all cases) as compared to the unfilled polyurethane. The true stresses in some materials also increase at the time of sample’s rupture. A series of tearing tests were performed to gain a deep insight into the peculiarities of the failure mechanisms of materials. It was established that an increase in the macro-fracture of the unfilled material (until its rupture) is insignificant. In the materials rein-forced with nanofillers, the growth of macrofractures takes a longer time, and they prop-agate to a much greater extent. Numerical calculations were carried out to give an explanation for the reduction in the polyurethane stiffness and the macrofracture growth retardation when the filler is added to polyurethane. It was hypothesized that a soft interfacial layer is formed near the particle surface. Furthermore, the finite element model proposed here can be used to explain the growth of deformations at the moment of rupture for filled polyurethane sys-tems.
ON THE INFLUENCE OF THE MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A THIN ADHESION LAYER ON THE COMPOSITE STRENGTH. PART 2. ELASTIC-plastic DEFORMATION
Authors: Bogacheva V. E. , Glagolev V. V. , Glagolev L. V. , Markin A. A.
Published: October 2024

The limiting state of a thin adhesive layer at its normal rupture in the plane stressed and plane deformed states is considered. The behavior of the layer is described by an ideal elastoplastic model with the Tresca – Saint-Venant yield condition. The deformation of the layer is carried out by means of consoles operating within the framework of the relations of the Mindlin – Reissner plate theory. In the area of plastic flow of the adhesive layer, the condition of complete plasticity is assumed. The presence of several diagonal components of the stress tensor in the layer, which are related to the cantilever stresses by the equilibrium conditions, is taken into account. On the basis of the problem posed, analytical representations are obtained for the displacement field of cantilevers in the region of conjugation with the layer. On the basis of experimental data on the destruction of adhesive layers with given mechanical properties, the critical values of J-integrals are found depending on the type of the considered plane problem for the layer. It is shown that a decrease in the thickness of the adhesive layer leads to an unlimited growth of deformations in its end zone, however, the values of the J-integrals stabilize. In this case, in the case of a plane deformed state, the length of the plastic zone decreases and the main contribution to the J-integral is made by the energy component. In a plane stressed state, the length of the plastic zone increases, and the dissipative component of the J-integral exceeds the energy one. A significant difference in the critical values of the J-integral is obtained, which is a consequence of the developed plasticity zone in the plane stress state. For plane deformation in extremely thin adhesive layers, taking into account their elastoplastic properties is insignificant and the values of the J-integral can be found within the framework of a linearly elastic model of adhesive behavior or in a model with rigid coupling of mating bodies, which excludes the mechanical properties of the adhesive from consideration.
DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR DESTROYING THE ROTOR BLADES OF A HIGH-PRESSURE COMPRESSOR AT A GIVEN FREQUENTATION OF ROTATION
Authors: Gladkiy I. L. , Pivovarova M. V.
Published: October 2024

The design of gas turbine engines (GTE) is inextricably linked with a large amount of work on numerical modeling. With the help of numerical modeling, it is possible to predict the behavior of the part when the engine is operating in various modes. In addition, when modeling, it is possible to predict modes, design load, conditions for engineering tests. This paper presents an approach to modeling an engineering test for the breakage of the rotor blade (RB) of a highpressure compressor (HPC) to confirm the impenetrability of the housing. By calculation, the amount of cutting of the RB HPC for breakage at a given rotor speed is determined. The approach is to implement a combination of two factors: 1) the calculation of the blade strength using the deformation criterion prevented the blade breakage at a lower rotational speed, with the necessary maintenance of operation in the design mode close to the ultimate strength; 2) computational and experimental work to determine the resonance allowed to increase the variable component of stresses for blade breakage at a given frequentation of rotation. It was also possible to model the direction of crack growth numerically.
NON-CONTACT DEFORMATION WITH REVERSIBLE SURFACE PLASTIC DEFORMATION
Authors: Zaides S. A. , Nguyen Nuu Nai
Published: October 2024

The article considers non-contact deformation during surface plastic deformation based on the reverse rotation of the deforming tool. Using software for 3D design (Solid work 2019) and computational modeling (Ansys workbench 19.2), calculations were made to determine the size of an elastic-plastic wave depending on the main parameters of reverse surface plastic deformation (SPD) and the physical and mechanical properties of the material. The stress state in elastoplastic waves generated in the direction of feed (A1) and in the direction of the main movement (A2) is also established. It has been established that the linear dimensions of elastoplastic waves reach a maximum at a preload value of t = 0.4 mm. The main parameters of the reversible PPD, which characterize the kinematics of the working tool (reverse speed of the working tool, the speed of the workpiece, the initial angle of the working tool and the amplitude of the angle of the reverse rotation of the working tool) have a significant impact on the change in the size of the elastoplastic wave in the direction of the longitudinal feed and slightly affect the change in the size of the elastic-plastic wave in the direction of the main movement. The change in the stress state of the surface layer is shown depending on the physical and mechanical properties of the material: large sizes of the elastic-plastic wave during elastic-plastic deformation are formed in the material with a reduced yield strength and elastic modulus. It was also found that the larger the size of the elastic-plastic wave, the higher the maximum tensile stresses at their vertices. The resulting stress state of the wave allows us to conclude that maximum tensile stresses are formed at their tops, the value of which reaches 202–271 MPa (2,4–3,2 times less than the ultimate strength of the material), which practically does not cause strength failure hardened surfaces.
UNSTEADY THERMOELASTIC DIFFUSION VIBRATIONS OF THE BERNOULLI – EULER BEAM UNDER THE ACTION OF A DISTRIBUTED TRANSVERSE LOAD
Authors: Zemskov A. V. , Le Van Hao
Published: October 2024

The paper deals with the problem of unsteady vibrations of the Bernoulli – Euler beam, taking into account relaxation of temperature and diffusion processes. The original mathematical model includes a system of equations of non-stationary bending oscilla-tions of the beam taking into account heat and mass transfer, which is obtained from the general model of thermoelastic diffusion for continuum using variational D'Alembert prin-ciple. Based on the obtained equations, the statement of the initial-boundary problem concerning bending of the hinged orthotropic beam, which is under the action of ther-mo-elastic diffusion perturbations distributed on the surface, is formulated. Solutions of the problem of unsteady thermoelastic diffusion vibrations of the beam are sought in integral form. The kernels of integral representations are Green’s functions, for finding of which decompositions into trigonometric Fourier series and Laplace trans-formation over time are used. Laplace transformants of Green's functions are represented through the rational functions of Laplace transformation parameter. Transition into the space of the originals is carried out analytically using deductions and tables of opera-tional calculus. Analytical expressions for Green functions of the problem under consid-eration are obtained. On the example of a simple supported three-component beam made of an alloy of zinc, copper, and aluminum, which is under the influence of mechanical load distributed along the length, the interaction of mechanical, temperature and diffusion fields is inves-tigated. The influence of relaxation effects on the kinetics of heat and mass transfer is analyzed. The solution is presented in analytical form and in the form of graphs of the dependence of the desired fields of movement, temperature increments, and increments of concentration of medium components on time and coordinates. In conclusion, the main conclusions concerning influence of field connectivity and relaxation effects on the stress-strain state and heat and mass transfer in the bendable beam are given.
REGULARITIES OF FATIGUE FAILURE TYPICAL COMPOSITE FLANGE
Authors: Solomonov D. G. , Sazhenkov N. A. , Konev I. P. , Toropicina A. V. , Nikhamkin M. Sh.
Published: October 2024

One of the most important tasks in the development of aircraft structures from polymer composite materials is to ensure fatigue strength. It is known that the behaviour under cyclic loading of parts and standard samples is not the same. The problem of transferring the results of standard tests to a full-scale product is especially acute due to the variety of reinforcement schemes, the influence of technological and design factors. This forces us to test full-scale products or structurally similar elements. This work is devoted to the study of the patterns of fatigue failure of a typical element of shell aircraft structures – an L-shaped flange made of laminated carbon fibre. A method of fatigue testing of the critical zone of the flange has been developed. It reproduces the operational conditions of flange loading. The fatigue loading of the sample is carried out by the inertia forces of the load attached to it. The tests were carried out with resonant harmonic vibrations on a vibration stand in a bending shape. The experimental setup ensures constant maintenance of the resonant mode. The experimental setup ensures continuous monitoring of deformation, the resonant frequency of vibrations of the sample and the temperature field on its surface. The characteristic patterns of the development of fatigue damage of the flange are established. The main mechanism of destruction is the appearance and development of delaminations in the flange and in the area of its connection with the shell. Fatigue failure is accompanied by a drop in the resonant frequency of vibrations of the sample, due to a decrease in its rigidity. The typical dependences of the resonant frequency drop on the relative fatigue time reflect an abrupt change in the stiffness of the sample. The established regularities of the fatigue damage accumulation process are confirmed by the analysis of the thermal state of the sample during testing, which changes as a result of its self-heating during cyclic loading. The experimental data can be used in the development of the design of flanges made of CFRP and in the development of models for predicting their fatigue life.
ANALYSIS OF THE STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF ALUMINUM ALLOY D16T UNDER A COMPLEX STRESS STATE ACCOUNTING FOR DAMAGE
Authors: Kosov D. A. , Fedorenkov D. I.
Published: October 2024

This paper studies the limiting state of D16T aluminum alloy under a complex stress state. Various types of combined loadings by tension, compression, torsion and internal pressure are considered. The determining conditions for many products of modern technologies are combinations of several loading components. The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of the accumulated damage in a material under a complex stress state on the characteristics of the material bearing capacity. A hollow cylindrical sample was chosen for the numerical and experimental studies. The experimental program included various combinations of axial forces, torque, and internal pressure applied to a cylindrical sample. In the numerical study, the exponential and linear-power law of isotropic hardening was used as the law of isotropic hardening. The damage accumulation law Lemaitre was used to determine the damage parameter. The generalized law of damage accumulation Leamitre and the law of isotropic hardening were integrated into the ANSYS finite element complex in the form of a dynamically linked library of custom material for three-dimensional problems. The states of hollow cylindrical samples are investigated. The fields of the stress-strain state, the fields of damage, as well as the values of limit stresses for various types of loading are obtained. Limit state diagrams are constructed taking into account damage accumulation.
INVESTIGATION OF THE STABILITY OF FBG SENSOR MEASUREMENTS UNDER VARIOUS CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
Authors: Serovaev G. S , Kosheleva N. A
Published: October 2024

The sensing elements used to measure various parameters, including strain, are not only expected to ensure the reliability of the measured values, but also the stability of the measurements over a long period of time when exposed to various environmental conditions. The paper presents the results of studying the stability of the readings of point fiber-optic sensors based on a fiber Bragg grating under various climatic conditions. During the study, strain of the optical fiber was measured at various levels of temperature and relative humidity, under an external load using a fiber Bragg grating inscribed in the core of the optical fiber. For the experiments, a special setup was created that allows fixing an optical fiber with fiber Bragg grating and applying an external load in the form of a suspended load. The duration of the experiments ranged from 550 to 900 hours. Humidity and temperature ranges correspond to the most common values at which fiber-optics sensors are operated. The data analysis showed that for the fiber-optic sensors the readings do not change significantly during the time at different relative humidity and air temperature, as well as at loads corresponding to 50 and 70 % of the maximum load for an optical fiber with a fiber Bragg grating inscribed by the phase mask method. This result indicates the possibility of the effective use of fiber-optic sensors based on a fiber Bragg grating for long-term measurements of strain in the ambient temperature range from – 40 to + 80 °C and relative humidity from 5 to 95 %.
METHODS AND RESULTS OF STUDYING THE PORTEVIN – LE CHATELIER EFFECT: EXPERIMENTS AND MACROPHENOMENOLOGICAL MODELS
Authors: Trusov P. V. , Chechulina Е. А.
Published: October 2024

Discovered in the first half of the 19th century by F. Savard and A. Masson (and re-discovered at the beginning of the 20th century by A. Portevin and F. Le Chatelier), the effect of discontinuous plasticity remains the subject of intensive experimental and theo-retical research to this day. To a large extent, the interest in this problem is due to its significance. It is known that intermittent plasticity (the Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC) effect), especially at the final stages of processing metals and alloys by plastic deformation, leads to a decrease in viscosity, a significant increase in roughness of product surfaces. The latter reduces static and fatigue strength, corrosion resistance, weakens aerodynam-ic characteristics, and wear resistance. On the other hand, with the development of ex-perimental technology and theoretical methods, more and more new mechanisms are revealed that cause discontinuous plasticity, the study and description of which is a huge area in breadth and depth for fundamental research by experts in mechanics, phys-ics, and metallurgy. The paper contains two main parts. The first of them provides an overview of nu-merous experimental studies of alloys’ behavior in the temperature and strain rate ranges characteristic of the manifestation of PLC effect. The features and main mechanisms of the effect realization for various alloys are considered. The second part of the paper con-tains a description of phenomenological constitutive models based mainly on experi-mental studies of the behavior of macrosamples (as a rule, under uniaxial loading). In a number of these models, considerations of a physical nature were used for the formula-tion. In conclusion, a brief summary of the review papers is given. Constitutive models based on the consideration of physical mechanisms and their carriers (dislocations, impurity atoms) are contained in a separate review prepared by the authors.
METHODS AND RESULTS OF STUDYING THE PORTEVIN – LE CHATELIER EFFECT: PHYSICALLY-ORIENTED CONTINUOUS AND MULTILEVEL MODELS
Authors: Trusov P. V. , Gerasimov R. M.
Published: October 2024

The effects of intermittent plasticity, despite almost 200 years of history since its dis-covery, are still intensively studied by mechanics, materials scientists, and technologists processing metals and alloys by plastic deformation. With the development of experi-mental methods and instrumentation, more and more new mechanisms are being discov-ered that are responsible for the violation of the monotonicity of the response (stresses) under monotonic effects (growth of strains). To describe these effects, constitutive mod-els (constitutive relations) based on various (macrophenomenological, thermodynamic, structural-mechanical, physical) approaches have been proposed and continue to be developed. Despite the variety of reasons for the emergence of discontinuous plasticity, it is generally recognized that in order to build correct constitutive models, it is necessary to analyze the processes that occur during inelastic deformation at the meso- and microlev-els, and to describe the evolving structure of materials at various scale levels. Thus the use of physically oriented models is the most promising area of studies for the formula-tion of constitutive relations. The proposed article provides a brief overview of works constructing physically-oriented constitutive models suitable for studying the effects of discontinuous plasticity. The first part of the review presents models based mainly on the phenomenological ap-proach to the formulation of a set of equations for studying the evolution of the defect structure of single- and polycrystalline alloys, most of which use the continuum descrip-tion. When creating physically-oriented models, special attention is paid to the consid-eration of the mutual influence of defects of various natures, including the interaction of impurity atoms with dislocations. The second part of the review considers works based on the introduction of internal variables, a multilevel physically-oriented approach. Un-fortunately, second-class models are currently very limited; nevertheless, the authors consider them the most promising for constructing constitutive models that adequately describe the effects of discontinuous plasticity.
FATIGUE SENSITIVITY OF GFRP UNDER PROPORTIONAL CYCLIC TENSION WITH TORSION
Authors: Wildemann V. E. , Staroverov O. A. , Mugatarov A. I. , Kuchukov A. M.
Published: October 2024

The constructions made of composite materials are subjected to cyclic, dynamic, vibration and other loads in operations related to damage accumulation and degradation of progressive mechanical characteristics. Thus it is important to conduct experimental and theoretical studies of the combined impact effects on the change in the mechanical characteristics of the material. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the complex stress state realized in the structures. This work deals with an experimental study of the degradation patterns of the stiffness characteristics of fiberglass tubular specimens obtained by continuous winding as fatigue damage accumulates due to biaxial proportional cyclic loading. The methodological aspects of realization of biaxial loading are considered. Quasi-static and fatigue tests were performed on specimens with different winding angles under uniaxial tension, torsion, and proportional tension, i.e. torsion with three different ratios of the normal and shear stress tensor components. The presence of a decreasing region in the torsional load diagrams has been revealed. Strength surfaces are constructed. By using the approximation of the fatigue sensitivity curves previously developed by the authors, we process the experimental data on the decrease in the dynamic modulus of elasticity as the number of cycles of exposure increases. The high descriptive ability of the developed model and the low values of the variation coefficients of the calculated parameters were noted. Nonmonotonic dependences of model parameters on the type of stress state are revealed. A significant influence of the winding angle on the fatigue sensitivity of the composite has been found. We have made the conclusion about necessity of taking into account the decrease of mechanical characteristics of materials in calculations of constructions and rationality of further experimental researches for verification of earlier developed models.
X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY CHARACTERIZATION OF 3D-PRINTED ACRYLONITRILE BUTADIENE STYRENE AND POLYETHERETHERKETONE COMPOSITES SUBJECTED TO LASER SHOCK PEENING
Authors: Mubassarova V. A. , Panteleev I. A. , Plekhov O. A. , Iziumova A. Yu. , Vshivkov A. N. , Vindokurov I. V. , Tashkinov M. A.
Published: October 2024

The paper deals with X-ray computed tomography results of a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and a short carbon fibre reinforced by acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS+CF). Individual carbon fibres and 3D printing defects (consolidated structures of interconnected fibres and densified resin clumps) are detected on an initial microstructure of the ABS+CF composite. The carbon fibres and the consolidated structures are densely packed with uniform sub-horizontal locations throughout in a sample volume. In the PEEK samples, the process-induced defects during the composite manufacturing process are visualised as tubular structures of a densified resin with internal voids. Significant changes in the structure of both composites are observed after five times pulsed laser shock peening. In case of a single pulse exposure and a surface treatment, no microstructural changes occur. In a test mode without a protective layer, a material evaporation to a depth of 0.3 mm and a structural degradation of the PEEK samples takes place, while the process-induced interlayer voids do not close. A single consolidated area with a porous spongy structure occurs due to melting of the carbon fibres in the ABS+CF composite. The results show that the laser shock peening has a significant effect on the surface microstructure. It is therefore necessary to carry out further experiments to select the optimum laser shock peening parameters and a protective layer material to eliminate the process-induced defects and improve the strength properties of the composites.
STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF THIN-WALLED PIPE BLANKS DURING CRIMPING IN A CURVED AXISYMMETRIC MATRIX
Authors: Andrianov I. K. , Feoktistov S. I. , Maryin S. B.
Published: October 2024

The study proposes a computational and analytical model of finding the stress-strain state and force characteristics when crimping thin-walled pipe blanks in a curved axisymmetric matrix. The mathematical model is based on the equilibrium equation of the momentless theory of thin axisymmetric shells taking into account the nonlinear law of plasticity, changes in the wall thickness of the workpiece and contact friction. As a mathematical model of the material, a linear-power approximation of the deformation diagram of an elastic-plastic body is considered taking into account the compressibility of the material. The methodology for estimating the stress-strain state of the workpiece during crimping is constructed using a generalized formulation for an arbitrary curve forming the working contour of the matrix. The basis of the numerical calculation method was the method of variable elasticity parameters, which makes it possible to determine stresses and strains, the thickness distribution in the meridional section, the amount of contact pressure, and also to plot the change in the crimping force depending on the displacement of the point of application of the force relative to the matrix. The distribution of stresses and strains of a thin-walled billet made of aviation aluminum alloy during crimping is calculated using the example of a matrix, the working contour of which is described by a sinusoidal trigonometric function. During crimping, according to the results of the proposed numerical technique, a thickening of the blank wall is noted, as well as an increase in the deforming force when moving the point of application of the force. The proposed mathematical model can be used to calculate the process of crimping workpieces in axisymmetric matrices of complex shapes, with variable curvature, which is especially important in the field of aircraft engineering. The research results make it possible to consider changes in the workpiece’s thickness and physical nonlinearity in the field of plastic strain, when assessing the picture of the stress-strain state.
Psicología Laboral: Potenciando el Bienestar y la Productividad en el Ambiente de Trabajo
Authors: Ramírez Rodríguez Daniela , García Guiliany Jesús
Published: October 2024

La Psicología Laboral es un campo que se centra en el estudio y la aplicación de principios psicológicos en el lugar de trabajo. En este sentido, el objetivo de la investigación es presentar un avance de los resultados obtenidos en el análisis de la psicología laboral y cómo esta contribuye en que se potencie el bienestar y la productividad en los ambientes de trabajo. Para ello, se hará uso de un enfoque de investigación mixto, complementando lo cuantitativo y cualitativo, tomando como población de estudio Instituciones Prestadoras de Servicios (IPS), siendo las unidades de información profesionales de la enfermería en niveles de cargos jerárquicos de coordinación y operativos. Se aplicarán guías de entrevistas semiestructuradas y cuestionarios con escala frecuencial, ambos instrumentos validados previamente por expertos, y en el caso del cuestionario, será medida su confiabilidad a través de alfa de Cronbach, utilizando una prueba piloto aplicada a una muestra similar a la estudiada, pero que no formará parte de la analizada en esta investigación.
Para el análisis de los resultados cualitativos, se hará uso de la interpretación o hermenéutica, mientras que, en lo cuantitativo, la estadística descriptiva con alcance correlacional. Entre los resultados esperados se pretende el análisis de la psicología laboral, y cómo esta facilita que se potencie el bienestar y la productividad en el ambiente laboral de los profesionales de la enfermería en la IPS estudiada. Lo que permitirá establecer las conclusiones pertinentes, realizando recomendaciones técnicas desde la perspectiva de los investigadores.
Análisis documental de la exposición al riesgo biológico en el personal de bodega de la empresa Serviecológico S.A.S
Authors: Jiménez Gómez Jorge Javier , Jiménez López Lizeth Andrea , Liberato Hernández Jonny Alexander , Ulloa González Karen Julieth , Anacona Noscué Luz Elena , Ortiz gamboa Sandra Yadira , Sierra Velandia Valentina , Garzón Tovar Ligia Nathalya
Published: October 2024

Esta investigación se enfoca en el estudio del peligro biológico de la empresa Serviecológico S.A.S., la cual presta servicios de recolección, transporte y gestión de residuos industriales, incluyendo desperdicios eléctricos y electrónicos. La finalidad es aumentar la comprensión del riesgo entre la gerencia, operaciones y clientes para minimizarlo y mejorar la seguridad de todo el personal y visitantes. Por otro lado, es poder cumplir con el propósito el cual es establecer como la recolección, manipulación y disposición final de residuos peligrosos influyen en la aparición de enfermedades infectocontagiosas en la empresa Serviecológico S.A.S. para el personal auxiliar de bodega en el periodo 2022-20223, el punto de vista utilizado en esta investigación va a ser de tipo cualitativo, con singular alcance descriptivo que orientara el estudio de los riesgos biológicos. 
La compañía busca comprometerse a implementar un sistema de gestión orientado a la satisfacción de cliente, prevención de accidentes, enfermedades laborales, así como la protección del medio ambiente. Esta cuenta con un personal competente y se adhiere a los requerimientos jurídicos, buscando el posicionamiento del adueñarse y contribuyendo al desarrollo social y económico a través de la conservación de los recursos naturales. La metodología de las 5s tiene como objetivo corregir el ambiente físico y el proceso de pensamiento de la empresa, así como su mirada encaminada a convertirse en líder de la gestión de residuos para este año 2023, determinando alianzas estratégicas y contribuyendo significativamente al medio ambiente.
Análisis de la exposición a ruido en la Institución X de los estudiantes de la jornada del sábado
Authors: Parada Galindo Jenny Paola , Arévalo Fabian Andrés
Published: October 2024

Los elevados niveles de ruido generan en la población expuesta impactos negativos en la salud, reflejadas en enfermedades que afectan al individuo no solo en la realización de sus actividades laborales, influye también en el diario vivir de la persona. En el caso de los estudiantes, se determinó mediante la Metodología de Marco Lógico - MML, que entre los principales efectos por la exposición a ruido que tienen incidencia en los procesos de aprendizaje están la falta de concentración e incluso ausentismo por presencia de cefaleas y otros síntomas asociados a la sobre exposición a ruido, que a su vez conllevan a un menor rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. Surge de esta premisa, la necesidad de valorar la exposición a ruido de los estudiantes de la jornada sábado de la Institución “X”, para determinar la dosis de ruido a la cual están expuestos y la percepción de ruido en el ambiente académico, mediante el análisis de datos cuantitativos y cualitativos, entendiendo que esta no constituye la única fuente de exposición a ruido; este proyecto permitió explicar la exposición a ruido y su relación causa - efecto a partir de un estudio transversal de la población objeto, proponiendo bases conceptuales para futuros estudios desde una perspectiva longitudinal.
Reflexión de los reportes de estadísticas de enfermedad y accidentalidad laboral en Colombia y Latinoamérica
Authors: Galeano Rojas Marco Alfredo , Montaña Oviedo Katherine
Published: October 2024

La carencia de información y datos sobre accidentes y enfermedades laborales, que contribuyan al diseño y desarrollo de estadísticas y políticas de salud pública laboral, según la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT), es un problema a nivel mundial, y latinoamericano, Colombia no es la excepción. El país cuenta con una herramienta específica para registrar la realización de todas las consultas externas de cualquier especialidad, que son los Registros Individuales de Prestación de Salud (RIPS), incluidas las consultas de salud ocupacional; sin embargo, los escasos estudios e investigaciones sobre la calidad de la información que reportan, según el Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social (MSPS), presentan falencias que debieron ser corregidas; esta problemática motiva a realizar una reflexión sobre los registros de accidentalidad y enfermedad laboral en el contexto latinoamericano, nacional y local.
Symmetrism in Polish Media Discourse in the Light of the Concept of Objectivity
Authors:   University of Opole, Chyliński Marek
Published: October 2024

The article is an attempt to theoretically structure and scientifically diagnose the phenomenon of symmetrism, an ideological attitude of commentators of political life, which consists in seeking identicality in the actions of the Law and Justice (PIS – Prawo i Sprawiedliwość) and Civic Platform (PO – Platforma Obywatelska) parties. At the same time, it aims to place the phenomenon within the current of normative guidelines of journalism, particularly objectivity, as well as the changing roles and tottering identity of journalism resulting from the transformation of the Polish media system. It redefines and analyses symmetrism as a communication phenomenon, reviews discourse strategies through the prism of factors defining journalism, its actors, models and rhetorical practices in a hybrid communication system. A media content analysis was conducted to examine the mechanisms of transmission of biased arguments and influence-building used by symmetrists and their opponents. Its formal and axiological results were applied to a function model and a bimodal opinion distribution scheme. One important conclusion of the research is that the symmetrist principle of “maintaining balance” between opposing positions is not a norm derived from the doctrine of objectivity, nor is it indicative of professionalism. The principle of “equal distance” does not respect the rules of intersubjective communicability and testability, assuming that facts can and should be discovered independently of individual perspectives.
The Personalization of Politics in Türkiye During the Rule of the Justice and Development Party (2002–2023)
Authors:   Koszalin University of Technology, Liszkowska Dominika
Published: October 2024

Since 2002, the Justice and Development Party and its undisputed leader, the current leader of the state, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, have enjoyed unwavering support on the Turkish political scene. The processes taking place in Türkiye are referred to as the “erdoganisation of Turkish politics.” It is happening both at the level of the state’s internal policy and foreign policy, referred to as “Erdoğan’s foreign policy.” These processes are proceeding in parallel with the growing role that Erdoğan plays in his own party. He became the undisputed leader of the party, and then of the entire state. He is also positively evaluated in the societies of other Muslim states. In the case of Türkiye, an important issue that required analysis was the adaptation of institutional solutions to the changing position of individual entities and paying attention to strengthening the role of the individual/leader within the political system of the state.
Historia, archeologia i etnografia jako dyscypliny nieprzydatne do badania wierzeń słowiańskich według Dariusza Andrzeja Sikorskiego („Religie dawnych Słowian”)
Authors:   Polska Akademia Nauk, Rutkowski Rafał
Published: October 2024

For the author of the book presented below, the topic of Slavic beliefs is only a pretext for formulating writing technique-related postulates. A discussion with D.A. Sikorski should not take place in the field of methodology, or the field of the substance, and even less in the field of extra-academic research motivations. A historian should give voice to the source accounts (which does not necessarily mean considering them historically reliable), and this is made possible by appropriate methods. D.A. Sikorski, on the other hand, believes that the method is secondary, as long as it leads to results that are consistent with the ‘state of the facts’, which in practice have nothing to do with the sources. His proposal, however, is unacceptable for it is characterised by unreliability, one-sidedness, undermining of source testimony and replacing it with one’s own fantasies in accordance with a preconceived thesis that „it is not known how it actually was, but it is known that the Slavs did not have their own beliefs”. The result is a methodological trap: positivism has been taken to its ultimate consequences and turned upside down, becoming voluntarism within which you can undermine whatever you see fit.
Possibility of spectrofluorimetric detection of saxitoxins when monitoring water bodies during their «blooming» period
Authors: Molodkina Lyudmila , Ovchinnikova Elena , Zibarev Nikita , Politaeva Natalia
Published: October 2024

The article considers the possibility of spectrofluorimetric detection of saxitoxins (the most dangerous cyanobacterial toxins) when monitoring «blooming» water bodies. Saxitoxins, which are purine alkaloids, do not have natural fluorescence, but can be oxidized to a fluorescent derivative. The authors used the possibility described in the literature of their oxidation as a result of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation on a sample in a fluorimeter cuvette. Using the spectrofluorimetry method with the use of the Fluorat-02-Panorama analyzer, the authors studied water samples from different sources during periods of their strong and slight «blooming», as well as from a source rich in humic compounds, in the absence of «blooming». To identify the characteristic spectra of registration and excitation of fluorescence of the purine base, the authors carried out similar studies with a model solution of sodium adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The work showed that during a long-term spectrofluorimetric study of water samples from the source during its strong «blooming» period, in addition to bands of the protein and humic type, a band with a maximum at 400–410 nm is detected in the fluorescence registration spectra, and this band is excited by UV radiation with a maximum at 290–300 nm. The given values of wavelengths are clearly determined from the additionally plotted dependence of the maximum fluorescence intensity in the registration spectra (in the range of 380–450 nm) on the excitation wavelength (in the range of 270–320 nm), as well as from the fluorescence excitation spectra. The authors obtained similar results with the ATP solution, which is evidence of the detection of a purine base in the water of «blooming» sources, and, consequently, indirect evidence of the presence of saxitoxins (purine alkaloids). For water samples from weakly «blooming» sources, no clear evidence of the presence of a purine base was obtained.
Rankings and the Typology of Russian Regions by Housing Affordability and Abailality in the 1990s–2020s
Authors:   Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population of the FCTAS RAS, Pilipenko I. V.
Published: October 2024

Until the present, the common approaches predominantly employed by the government of the Russian Federation in fostering mortgage lending have not yet resulted in reduction of regional imbalances and, moreover, contributed to exacerbation of the problem of housing affordability during last five years. Thus, it became objectively necessary to differentiate the policy on housing construction in accordance with the housing market’s features in the Russian regions. Having identified some shortcomings in the Russian-language studies that made use of standalone, integral and groups of indicators as well as classifications of regions, this article proposes an approach to ranking and composing a typology of Russian regions based on the calculations of nine indicators. These are regional shares in all-Russian housing construction volumes in urban and rural settlements during the 1990s–2020s compared with average regional shares in the total population, changes in the average size of apartments and individual houses built, average housing affordability coefficients and the average share of individual housing construction in total housing construction in the medium term. The calculated indicators reveal considerable volumes of second housing construction within largest agglomerations and the increasing share of individual housing construction in 51 regions. It was also found that the average size of apartments built decreased in 79 Russian regions during the 2000–2020s, and there was 1.4 to 3.5-fold difference across regions in the average size of apartments and individual houses built. As a result, nine classifications of regions were composed comprising five groups each and a typology of Russian regions consisting of 16 types / subtypes characterising housing affordability and housing availability. The proposed author’s typology of Russian regions allows enhancing or adjusting the state housing policy taking into account regional housing markets’ differences between urban and rural settlements and between the sectors of apartment buildings and individual housing.
Resource Approach to Assessing the Development Opportunities of Regional Industrial Systems
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Chernova O. A. , Vasilatii O. V. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: October 2024

Currently, the development prospects of regional industrial systems are determined by a territory’s ability to fully utilise the available resource potential. However, the existing approaches to examining the industrial development potential do not take into account regional resource capacity. The article aims to assess the development opportunities of regional industrial systems, assuming that they are determined by the efficiency of utilisation of the available resource potential. To this end, the resource approach was applied. Comparative and trend analysis were used as research methods. The developed methodology was tested on the example of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (Transnistria) for the period 2014–2021 without considering the current situation in Ukraine. The conducted research demonstrated that the proposed toolkit can be used to identify factors limiting the development of regional industrial systems. Accordingly, a key limiting factor for Transnistria is fixed capital, showing a tendency to decrease the real residual value. It was concluded that regions not fully utilising their resource potential should implement investment mechanisms and measures to ensure the use of existing latent technological capabilities. The main limitation of the study is that the proposed assessment tools do not consider the demand for regional industrial products. Nevertheless, this methodology can be used to elaborate state industrial policy, providing an insight into the development prospects of regional industrial systems by comparing the actual production volume with its maximum possible with the full use of the resource potential.
Identification of Regional Sectoral Priorities Based on Key Investment Growth Points
Authors:   N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of RAS, Myakshin V. N. , Petrov V. N. ,   Saint Petersburg State Forest Technical University named after S. M. Kirov, Pesiakova T. N. ,   Federal Tax Service of Russia in the Arkhangelsk Region and Nenets Autonomous Area
Published: October 2024

The relationship and mutual influence of intersectoral investment flows should be considered to improve the effectiveness of regional investment policy under financial restrictions. An analysis of studies in the field of sectoral investment priorities revealed numerous methodological problems, meaning that it is necessary to develop a new methodological approach to the establishment of investment priorities based on identifying key investment growth points. To examine and assess intersectoral investment interactions, the paper presented the concepts of mutual investment induction, mutually induced investments, key investment growth points, and developed a system of original indicators. An industry’s ability to induce investment in interrelated industries helps justify the sectoral concentration of investment resources. Based on its assessment, three classification groups of types of economic activity were distinguished: key, potential and possible in the future investment growth points. To test the proposed methodology, indicators of intersectoral investment interactions in the sectoral structure of Arkhangelsk oblast were calculated, a classification of types of economic activity was presented. Key investment growth points include five types of economic activity: “Construction”; “Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles”; “Accommodation and food service activities”; “Professional, scientific and technical activities”; “Provision of other types of services”. Potential points include four types of economic activity: “Agriculture, forestry, hunting, fishing and fish farming”; “Manufacturing industries”; “Water supply; drainage, organisation of waste collection and disposal, pollution elimination activities”; “Health and social work activities”. The remaining eight types of economic activity constitute a group of growth points possible in the future. Based on the identified key and potential investment growth points, the paper distinguished priority investment areas and proposed an algorithm for regulating intersectoral investment flows.