bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Secondary Cancer Risk of Radiosensitive Organs for Leukemia from Head Radiotherapy in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Yazdi Shiva Rahbar , Zare Mohammad Hosein , Broomand Mohammad Ali
Published: October 2023

Background: The scattered radiation from the treatment volume might be more significant for children than for adults because of life expectancy. The present study used biological effects of ionizing radiation (BEIR) VII models to estimate radiation-induced secondary cancer risks in irradiated organs following three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) of Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) in children. Both excess absolute risk (EAR) and excess relative risk (ERR) models were used to estimate the secondary cancer risks of eye lenses, thyroid, parotid, breast, and region overlying ovaries.
Materials and Methods: In this expository cross-sectional study, from 45 patients who were examined, 16 patients age under 18 years (mean age of 9.6) met the criteria for entering the study in Shahid Ramezanzadeh Hospital in Yazd underwent whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) using COMPACT accelerator. Measurement was performed using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD). After radiation therapy, the secondary cancer risk in these organs was calculated.
Results: The organ dose mean values in female patients were 1.8±0.1, 1.65±0.61, 1.47±0.04, 0.1±0.03, and 1.58±0.52 cGy in the eye lenses, parotid, thyroid, breast, and region overlying ovaries, respectively and 2.7±0.6, 0.76±0.17, 0.6±0.05, and 0.005±0.002 cGy for eye lens, parotid, thyroid, breast, and testis of male patient, respectively. The ERR and EAR were estimated after 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 years for eye lens, parotid breast, and ovary/testis for female/male.
Conclusion: Higher risk values were found for eye lenses and thyroid. The scattered rays decreased by increasing the organ distance from the treatment radiation field.
Overexpression of CHK1 and CHK2 in pediatric patients of B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Heidari Farshad , Faranoush Mohammad , Amini Ali , Rahimian Elahe , Kazemi Kamyar , Paridar Mostafa , Safa Majid
Published: October 2023

Background: Despite breakthroughs in the development of chemotherapy drugs to treat pediatric B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), the relapse rate remains a major therapeutic challenge, requiring more detailed characterization of molecular elements underlying disease development and resistance to treatment. Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) and checkpoint kinase 2 (CHK2) are two critical mediators of the DNA damage response (DDR) mechanism that activate the downstream components responsible for DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis. It has been shown that altered expression of CHK1 and CHK2 in various tumor entities promotes tumorigenesis and disease progression.
Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, we evaluated the relative expression status of CHK1 and CHK2 genes in pediatric B-ALL patients at diagnosis (n=20), during complete remission (n=23) and relapse phase (n=10), as well as 20 peripheral blood samples from healthy children as a normal control group. The mRNA expression levels of CHK1 and CHK2 were determined by the Real-time PCR method. Data were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test for the relative expression level of target mRNA in different phases of B-ALL. Data were presented as median and statistical significance was described as a P-value less than 0.05.
Results: Our results revealed that CHK1 expression increased in newly diagnosed patients than in healthy individuals (p ≤ 0.001). Relapsed patients had higher CHK1 expression than the newly diagnosed (p ≤ 0.05) and complete remission (p ≤ 0.001) counterparts. CHK2 was overexpressed in all phases of the diseases (p ≤ 0.001) without any significant alteration among the studied groups.
Conclusion: Given the CHK1 ability to endow cancer cells with a survival advantage upon chemotherapy, the present study suggests it as a potentially promising target in the fight against B-ALL.
Parvovirus B19 Infection May Potentially Determine the Fate of Hematopoiesis by Altering the Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation
Authors: Elmi Azin , Atashi Amir , Gheibi Nematollah , Amiri Shahin , Ajami Monireh , Ajami Mansoureh , Mohammadihaji Razieh , Khodabandeloo Naeimeh , Azad Mehdi
Published: October 2023

Background: Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs), as supporters for hematopoiesis, differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes. Studies showed that infection of hBM-MSCs by Parvovirus B19 (B19V) can affect the differentiation capability of hBM-MSCs. This study aims to evaluate B19V effects on the differentiation of hBM-MSCs.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study hBM-MSCs were cultured up to passage 3. Nucleofection was subsequently employed to deliver a plasmid containing the B19V genome into the cells. The transfected cells were then differentiated into osteoblast and adipocyte lineages. qRT-PCR was then performed to analyze the differentiation 14 days after transfection.
Results: On the 14th day after induction the findings demonstrated a significant increase in adipocyte-specific (PPARγ and LPL) gene expression compared to the control group (p<0.05) and a slight but not statistically significant decrease in the expression of the osteocyte-specific genes (RUNX2 and osteocalcin) (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The results suggest that B19V infection can promote the differentiation of hBM-MSCs towards adipocytes and affect the bone marrow microenvironment as well as hematopoiesis
Indoor air quality control at national-level regulations: A special case in Indonesia
Authors: Gamal Ahmad , Hidayat Hisyam Yusril , Maharani Raijaya I Gusti Agung Ayu Karishma , Wangkanusa Mardianto Natanael , Budihardjo Budihardjo , Alhamid Muhammad Idrus , Nasruddin Nasruddin , Hermansyah Heri
Published: October 2023

Introduction: While many national-level governments have worked to tighten atmospheric air quality standard, the Authors observe, Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) control as part of building-codes have remained understudied and not yet enforced in many national-level regulations. The COVID-19 pandemic seemed to trigger an immediate response worldwide for IAQ control. Indoor air pollutants need to be tightly regulated. International agencies have produced recommendations to cope with the pandemic, however, national- level IAQ standards and building codes have been slow to adapt.
Materials and methods: IAQ regulations from various nations worldwide were studied along with the international standards: The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), and World Health Organization (WHO). A comprehensive review was conducted comparing the national-level building codes and regulations as legal implementation instruments. Focus group discussions were also conducted to complement preliminary findings and further analysis.
Results: Except for Indonesia, bacteria and fungi have been categorized as infectious aerosols in many national-level regulations that fare up to the international standards as indoor air pollutants with their acceptable levels. However, while they set thresholds for pollutants, their effectiveness regulating IAQ in public buildings remain unknown. It also found that there is a significant lack of national building codes in Indonesia.
Conclusion: The COVID-19 epidemic raises awareness of IAQ. The health aspect is currently being prioritized, particularly in Indonesia, where the majority of related regulations are still fragmented and prioritize energy conservation over health. This study can inform policymakers with evidence of IAQ control and practices worldwide for applicable regulatory building and implementation, as well as for health emergency and disaster risk management.
Compilation of the correlation model of stress factors of retired workers based on individual, occupational and organizational variables
Authors: MH Goudarzi , A Mehdad , M Golparvar
Published: October 2023

Introduction: the presence of personal, occupational, and organizational stressors in retired workers can cause many psychological problems in the field of personal, family, and social functioning. Therefore, current research was conducted to compile a model of correlates of stress factors of retired workers.
Materials and Methods:: The current research was based on a systematic review and extracting the correlates of retired workers, stress based on the highest frequency of more than 60 studies, and preparing a list based on the most frequent variables of studies, which was used by the path analysis method. The statistical population included all retirees aged 45 to 70 working as members of retirement centers in Isfahan City in the winter of 1400, of which 203 out of 379 workers were selected through a convenient sampling method. To collect data, a set of questionnaires included HSE, organizational stressors, job satisfaction, participative leadership, hope, resilience, perception of organizational support, perception of organizational justice, life satisfaction, work-family conflict, adaptive performance, communication skills, and perception of job security were used. SPSS version 21 was used to analyze the research data.
Results: results showed that the correlates of occupational stress included hope, resilience, perception of justice, perception of organizational support, life satisfaction, job satisfaction, work-family conflict, adaptive performance, organizational stressors, communication skills, participative leadership and perception of job security, which were among them, work-family conflict, organizational support and job security at the first level (P<0.01) and second level job satisfaction and life satisfaction based on the highest coefficients and learnability (P<0.01) were determined as the main predictors of occupational stress of working retirees.
Conclusion: It is suggested to the managers of health, national pension, military, and social security fields to pay serious attention to these variables to prevent the economic, social, family, and physical consequences of occupational stress.
The effect of 12 weeks of calistenic exercises in the workplace on body composition indices and some blood factors of middle-aged female employees
Authors: M Ghaffari , M Nazari Sarmaze , E Bani Talebi , KH Naderi Ashkeftaki
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Various inactivity affects the life of employees, including their physical health, disrupts the natural process of people's lives, reduces their efficiency and lifespan. One of the solutions to reduce the effects of inactivity is physical activity. In this research, the effect of 12 weeks of calisthenic exercises in the workplace on composite indicators and some blood factors of middle-aged female employees is investigated.
Materials and Methods: In this research study, 30 people were randomly divided into two experimental groups (15 people) and control group (15 people). 12 weeks of calisthenics exercises were performed by the experimental group. Body composition indices and some blood factors were evaluated before and after the exercises. In order to make intra-group comparisons, the correlation T-test was used and for inter-group comparisons, the independent T-test was used and it was used at a significance level of 0.05 using spss software.
Results: The findings showed that calisthenics exercises in the work environment significantly improved body composition indices including weight (P=0.011), body mass index (P=0.026), waist circumference (P=0.0 001), hip circumference (P=0.025) and waist to hip ratio (P=0.036) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Also, a significant improvement in blood sugar (P=0.006), systolic blood pressure (P=0.024) and flexibility (P=0.019) was observed in the experimental group compared to the control. However, no significant difference was observed in diastolic blood pressure (P=0.199), HDL (P=0.184) and LDL (P=0.902).
Conclusion: 12 weeks of calisthenic exercises in the workplace caused significant improvement in body composition indicators, flexibility, blood pressure and blood sugar. But it had no significant effect on HDL and LDL. As a result, these exercises in the workplace can have small effects on the health of female employees and improve their physical health.
Ligand Based Multi-Targeted Molecular Docking Analysis o f Terpenoid Phytoconstituents as Potential Chemotherapeutic Agents Against Breast Cancer: An In Silico Approach
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Tiruchengode, Tamilnadu, 637 205, India, Raju Senthil Kumar , Kumar Shridharshini , Sekar Praveen , Sundhararajan Naveena , Nagalingam Yogadharshini
Published: October 2023

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women all around the world and is a dominant cause of deaths occurring all around the globe. The available potent drugs for breast cancer show adverse effects and resistance and are found to be ineffective in patients. The high cost of currently available cancer therapy and certain limitations of current treatment make it necessary to search for novel, cost-effective and efficient methods of cancer treatment. Phytochemicals are directly involved in treatment or precursors to synthesize useful drugs. Therefore, in the current investigation, 500 terpenoid phytoconstituents and five proteins associated with breast cancer including EGFR, ERα, HER2, NF-κB and Topo IIa were selected from various databases. Selected compounds were screened for their molecular properties based on Lipinski's rule of five resulting in 235 compounds exclusion. Drug-likeness and PAINS alert properties were predicted using pkCSM and SwissADME web servers which led to the omission of 43 compounds. The remaining 222 compounds were screened to predict their ADMET properties and based on these results, 117 compounds were selected to predict the anti-breast cancer potential. Finally, 73 compounds, which showed anti-breast cancer activity prediction, were virtually screened and the top four best-scoring compounds were selected as lead-like molecules and docked with the five respective breast cancer targets. The results showed that the top four lead-like molecules exhibited greater binding affinity and lesser toxicity than the standard drugs namely 4–Hydroxytamoxifen, Daunorubicin, Erlotinib and Lapatinib. Keywords: ADMET, Breast cancer, Chemotherapeutic agents, In silico analysis, Molecular docking, Terpenoids
Clinical Study and Assessment of Efficacy of Polyherbal Combination (KNDBHU) in COVID 19 Patients
Authors:   Department of Dravyaguna, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi­, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India, Dwivedi Kamal Nayan , Sharma Poonam , Kanashetti Daneshwari , . Meghna , Nagar Lalit
Published: October 2023

Even three years after the COVID-19 pandemic initially appeared in December of the year 2019, it is still raging over the globe. There have been numerous attempts to use well-known medications in new ways to treat COVID-19 infection. Many nations, including India, implemented a series of lock downs in an effort to limit the pandemic. Sanitation practices, social seclusion, routine mask wearing, testing, and quarantining of suspected carriers were among the recommended methods for limiting the illness. Numerous treatment strategies have also been used to prevent and treat the illness, but no formal studies using well-known Ayurvedic formulations or any polyherbal combinations have been conducted. A clinical study was planned to test the noble polyherbal combination containing Withania somnifera, Tinospora cordifolia, Moringa oleifera, Adhatoda vasica, Piper longum, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ocimum sanctum and Curcuma longa. The study checked the rate of symptom remission in individuals receiving the polyherbal combination in addition to standard of care (SoC) to that in patients with mild and moderate symptoms of COVID-19 infections receiving SoC alone. A prospective randomized interventional clinical study was planned comparing outcomes in 2 cohorts with mild to moderate COVID-19 as under. Cohort-1 was trialled with conventional treatment as per government advisory. Cohort-2 was trialled with polyherbal combination and with conventional treatment as per government advisory. With the current add-on Polyherbal regimen, an early clinical improvement in breathlessness was seen along with early ageusia and cough reduction when compared with conventional treatment. The polyherbal combination (KNDBHU) enhanced recovery in COVID-19 Patients. Given the lack of hospital beds in India, the median length of hospital stays was shortened; this development is significant. Keywords: Covid­19, Add on polyherbal combinationregimen for Corona virus, Early Clinical Improvement, Shortened hospital stays
Primary pulmonary Ewing sarcoma: a rare case report
Authors: ARSLAN Remzi , TAMER Harika Derya , TEMTEK Ayşe Nur
Published: October 2023

Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a malignant soft tissue tumor that consists of undifferentiated neuroectodermal cells. The anatomical sites of ES are commonly the pelvis and long bones. Metastasis is the cause of the most prevalent pulmonary ES. The primary lung origin of ES is extremely uncommon. Here, we report a rare case of primary pulmonary ES diagnosed from cytology and biopsy material. A chest X-ray revealed a lesion with a 9 × 7.5 cm diameter in the pericardiac area of the right lung. Clinical and radiological examinations (computed tomography and positron emission tomography) demonstrated that the lesion was a primary lesion. No distant metastasis was detected. Bronchoscopy-guided fine-needle aspiration and cytological analysis of the lesion revealed uniformly shaped small round cell morphology. Immunohistochemistry performed on the cell block produced positive results for CD99 and FLI-1. These immunohistochemical findings support the ES diagnosis.
Unusual metastases of breast cancer: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: ÖZDEMİR AKDUR Pınar , ÇİLEDAĞ Nazan
Published: October 2023

Objectives: While clinical and radiological awareness of the usual, frequent metastatic sites of breast cancer is high, unexpected 'atypical' localisations may be more easily overlooked in the cancer management process. The aim of this article is to contribute to this awareness in order to facilitate and improve the diagnosis and follow-up of breast cancer.
Methods: In this study, we retrospectively evaluated breast cancer patients who were diagnosed and followed up between 2017 and 2022 in our hospital, which is an important oncology center.
Results: Of the 852 patients included in this study, 79 had an unusual metastasis localization. The most common unusual metastasis sites were mediastinal lymph nodes and brain. These sites were followed by atypical bone involvement, mesenteric lymph nodes, cervical lymph nodes, hilar lymph nodes and surrenal metastases. The most rare metastases were more common in the uterus and ovary, followed by pancreas, parotid gland, spleen, colon, pericardium-atrium, orbital soft tissues and lacrimal gland. . The unusual site of metastasis was mediastinal lymph nodes in 17.7% (n = 14), brain in 17.7% (n = 14), atypical bone sites in 12.6% (n = 10), mesenteric lymph nodes in 11.3% (n = 9), cervical lymph nodes in 11.3% (n = 9), hilar lymph nodes in 5% (n = 4) and surrenal in 6.3% (n = 5).
Conclusions: Sharing knowledge and experience about unusual metastases of breast cancer will contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of metastatic diseases by increasing the awareness of this issue. For this, multicentre studies should be conducted to combine these experiences.
(RE)ESISTÊNCIA, MARGEM E COMUNIDADES TRADICIONAIS
Authors: Santos Dayanne da Silva , Oliveira Gleydson de Castro , Silva Joércio Pires da
Published: October 2023

Este texto é resultado das articulações e reflexões tecidas em coletivo durante os encontros da Semana de Narrativas Insurgentes: Trocas e Partilhas entre os Jovens da Formação Política, envolvendo mais de 20 jovens de comunidades afetadas por grandes empreendimentos no Maranhão. Entre os dias 29 de junho a 3 de julho de 2020 das 14h às 17h estivemos reunidos via plataformas digitais (on-line) ouvindo, conversando e partilhando escutas de cura e que possibilitaram um olhar mais ampliado dos modos de enfrentamento da crise sanitária em contextos locais. Compartilhamos aqui as escutas e as falas como atos políticos que inscrevem corpos não brancos em lugares onde se está em jogo a permanência de estar vivo na contemporaneidade mesmo diante do Covid-19. Das escutas dos jovens cursistas da escola de formação política fica evidente que o que mais mata não é o vírus, mas o Estado com a expansão de trilhos, rodovias, avenidas, ferrovias e linhões sobre territórios de povos e comunidades tradicionais. Essa é uma pandemia histórica que rasga as geografias dos corpos territórios de bem viver que não desejam as políticas de morte da modernidade.
MEMÓRIA, RACISMO E POLÍTICA
Authors: Silva Alexsandro de Sousa e
Published: October 2023

Temos como objetivo de conferir as representações fílmicas sobre um episódio ocorrido em Cuba a princípios do século XX, que foi a perseguição, prisão e matança, a cargo do governo de José Miguel Gómez (Partido Liberal), de membros do Partido Independiente de Color, organização que pretendia combater o racismo nas diferentes esferas institucionais do país. O tema foi analisado na série em três documentários, com cerca de uma hora cada, intitulada 1912, Voces para un silencio, dirigida por Gloria Rolando entre 2010 e 2013, no contexto do centenário da repressão. A análise fílmica da série será realizada dentro do campo dos estudos entre Cinema e História, e terá por finalidade conferir três dimensões da obra. A primeira será sobre os documentos e discursos mobilizados, que conjugam documentos institucionais, fotografias, canções, páginas de jornais e charges. A segunda discutirá a seleção de protagonistas, em especial historiadores/as e as mulheres negras do século passado e presente. A terceira estará centrada nos temas raciais discutidos em diferentes momentos históricos do passado cubano apresentados na trilogia. Nossa hipótese é de que a obra busca legitimar o tema do racismo na ilha na historiografia nacional, com o apoio das vozes denunciadoras do passado descortinado. Como base teórica, dialogaremos com distintos/as pensadores/as como Jacques Rancière, Michael Pollack,  Michel-Rolph Trouillot, Hayden White, Aline Helg e Alejandro de la Fuente.
AUTA DE SOUZA
Authors: Cardoso Mara Lívia Farias
Published: October 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo destacar a perspectiva feminina e afro-brasileira na obra de Auta de Souza. Poetisa negra do final do século XIX que foi bem recebida pela elite e pela crítica literária, mas, em contrapartida, sofreu o embranquecimento físico e poético. Com base nas considerações acerca da poesia negra de autoria feminina, identificamos nos poemas da autora, extraídos do livro Horto (1900), os elementos característicos dessas produções literárias, como a feminilidade, o ponto de vista afroidentificado, o discurso contra hegemônico, etc. Ana Rita Santiago (2010), Conceição Evaristo (2005; 2007) e Miriam Alves (2011) foram algumas das referências utilizadas para fundamentar a discussão proposta. Assim, esta pesquisa é de natureza básica e caracteriza-se como qualitativa, utilizado como método a análise crítica, tendo como corpus de análise a obra Horto (1900), de autoria de Auta de Souza.
Racjonalizacja odpowiedzialności za usiłowanie popełnienia przestępstwa (między teorią obiektywną a subiektywną)
Authors: Marciniak Beata
Published: October 2023

Penal liability for stages of perpetrating an offence is not an unambiguous issue. So, it must be remembered that in case of endeavor there is no infringement of the legal interest, or if clumsy endeavor is meant such infringement could not take place. Expansion of penality beyond perpetration, is substantiated in literature by actual social harmfulness of such behavior which is not indifferent from the point of view of their negative importance in a social sense. Each endeavor means endangering the legal interest protected by a proper legal ban; in case of endeavor the danger is direct. So, penality of endeavor is justified by two elements.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Bovine Mastitis on Conventional Dairy Farms in Northwestern Algeria
Authors: Seddar-Yagoub F. , Dahou A.A. , Meskini Z. , Doukani K. , Homrani A.
Published: October 2023

Background: Algeria’s dairy sector is experiencing various obstacles, such as a high frequency of diseases in dairy farms, particularly mastitis. Nonetheless, there has been a scarcity of research on mastitis occurrence, notably in Algeria’s Western area. As a result, the purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of mastitis and its associated risk factors in Algeria’s northwest area. Methods: The study included 130 dairy cows from 17 farms. The California mastitis test (CMT) and visual inspection were used to determine the prevalence of subclinical and clinical mastitis. Result: The total cow-level prevalence was 68.50% (89/130), with clinical cases accounting for 3.10% (4/130) and subclinical cases accounting for 65.40% (85/130). The quarter-level prevalence of mastitis was 35.19% (183/520), with 3.08% (16/520) clinical cases and 32.11% (167/520) subclinical cases. The study found that parity, lactation stage and age were all significant intrinsic risk factors for mastitis (P less than 0.05). Additionally, cow cleanliness level, cleaning solution, wiping udder after washing and dry cow treatment were significant extrinsic risk factors linked with mastitis (P less than 0.05). Given the high prevalence of mastitis in this region, regular screening and treatment are crucial to minimize the risk of mastitis and enhance cow health.
Collagen Fibril Morphological Study of Medial Patellar Ligament of Stifle Joint Affected with Patellar Luxation in Cattle
Authors: Suryawanshi R.V. , Chougale P.B. , Ulemale A.H. , Lambate S.B.
Published: October 2023

Background: Upward fixation of patella is common clinical malady in cattle due to extensive movement of stifle joint during the locomotory activity because of unknown etiology. However, at certain peak point (overstretching of ligament) or due to occupational trauma (wear and tear), ligament become flaccid and weak leading to patellar displacement and lameness. Patellar ligaments play crucial role in stifle joint movement and any functional or structural alterations in the ligaments can lead to acute to chronic lameness in cattle. The present study was carried out to evaluate the structural changes in collagen fibril material in medial patellar ligament in cattle suffering
with patellar luxation. Methods: Tissue specimens of medial patellar ligament of normal (control animal) and affected cattle (luxation of patella) were harvested and preserved for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) study as per standard procedure at RUSKA Laboratories, College of Veterinary Science, PVNRTVU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India. Result: The incidence of medial patellar luxation was higher in females as compared to male cattle and the duration of lameness was between 3-12 months (7.35±0.56 months) characterized by dragging of toe, outward jerky movement of affected limb, extension of limb and change in appearance of gait during walk and flexion of fetlock. Scanning electron study of normal ligament showed dense, uniformly and compact arrangement of collagen fiber bundles with morphometric thickness was 3.66±0.58 µm. whereas in luxated patella cases, medial ligament showed derangement in collagen fiber bundles. The collagen fibers were arranged irregular and wavy with morphometric thickness of collagen was 2.58±0.03 µm. Electron microscopy of the normal ligament showed presence of thick collagen fiber bundles packed in dense and compact arrangement. Electron microscopy of affected ligament had degenerative changes of the fibers characterized by thin collagen fiber bundles which were loosely and disorganized arranged fibrils. The present study concludes that, luxation of patella was common locomotory disorders in cattle due to derangement in collagen fiber bundles with drastic reduction in thickness of collagen fibers, increased gap between two collagen fibers, broken and overlapping fiber bundles and surface of collagen fibers appeared irregular rough via scanning and electron microscopy analysis.
Effects of Biotic Stresses and Their Mitigation Strategies in Legumes: A Review
Authors: Sandhu Rubby , Bangarwa Sandeep Kumar , Attri Meenakshi , Tiwari Sunidhi , Kohli Surbhi , Fayaz Shafiya , Chaudhary Nischay
Published: October 2023

Legumes are crucial group of crops that are widely cultivated around the world for their protein rich seed and forage. The major impediments for boosting the output of legume crops are biotic and abiotic stresses. There is an urgent need to lessen the detrimental effects of these stresses on legume crops in order to boost the yield and production of legumes to address the nation’s nutritional security issue. An attempt was made to gather published information on effects of biotic stress and mitigation strategies for developing resistant genotypes to maximize yield. This work was done at Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University Jalandhar in collaboration with other institutes. Systematic cum integrative review of research work done in different parts of World, particularly in India was comprehended. The literature search was done during August, 2022- February, 2023. About 150 review and research papers were screened from various data bases like ARCC journals, google scholar, research gate and scopus and 76 papers were used to write this paper. This review article presents a comprehensive documentation of the significant impacts of various biotic stresses on legume crops, along with the corresponding mitigation techniques. It highlights the potential effectiveness of integrating the pre-breeding approach with genomic breeding methods as a strategy for developing high-yielding cultivars that exhibit resistance to biotic stresses. By implementing this approach, legume productivity can be enhanced in regions with favourable growth conditions for these crops.
La educación sin-vergüenza: una lectura del Alcibíades I (119a-135e)
Authors: Salcedo Eduardo
Published: October 2023

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo pensar la vergüenza como una condición de posibilidad de la educación, para ello se toma como base el apartado 119a-135e del diálogo Alcibíades I de Platón. Así, la vergüenza se orienta en dos direcciones: la primera en su sentido lato y afirmativo; la segunda, en un sentido específico y negativo. En todo caso, no se pretende sostener la idea de que la vergüenza –o la sin-vergüenza– por sí misma sea causa natural y eficiente de la educación, pues esto implicaría una anulación del trabajo del educador y del educando; antes bien, se busca rescatar la labor de quien educa ante la situación presentada. Se procederá, en primer lugar, a enmarcar los términos educación y vergüenza, precisando lo que aquella implica en el contexto del diálogo referido; en segundo lugar, se presentarán tres formas en las cuales se pueden arrostrar la vergüenza para que se propicie la educación: el uso del λόγος, el acto de mirar y la aceptación del dios; por último, se sacarán las conclusiones de dicho planteamiento que pueden ser problemáticas.
Experiencia de un aprendizaje colaborativo internacional entre Instituciones de Educación Superior de Colombia y Chile
Authors: Wiesner-Luna Vanessa , Burgoa-Godoy Cristopher
Published: October 2023

Introducción: A raíz de la situación mundial ocasionada por la pandemia, se convirtió en una prioridad para las Instituciones de Educación Superior encontrar estrategias de internacionalización sencillas y adaptables a diversas realidades, para lograr mantener los procesos de aprendizaje y las relaciones entre estudiantes, docentes y las instituciones mismas. Objetivo: El artículo se centra en una experiencia educativa basada en la estrategia de Aprendizaje Colaborativo Internacional en Línea (COIL, por sus siglas en inglés), teniendo el propósito de formar estudiantes en competencias interculturales, como respuesta a la demanda creciente de profesionales con la capacidad de enfrentar los desafíos de la globalización educativa, en su futura práctica laboral.  Metodología: Se implementó una estrategia de COIL, en el marco de una investigación-acción educativa, la cual tuvo por objetivo propiciar espacios de internacionalización del currículo y en casa, a través de la cooperación internacional interuniversitaria entre dos programas de pregrado de instituciones de educación superior suramericanas. Resultados:  La estrategia utilizada posibilitó el reconocimiento y diálogo intercultural entre estudiantes y profesores, confirmando la relevancia de potenciar estas prácticas en procesos formativos de pregrado, las cuales son necesarias para afrontar un mundo globalizado.
Dorsal Dislocation of First Metacarpophalangeal Joint: A Case Report
Authors: Ersoy Volkan Ali , Şahin Abdullah Alper
Published: October 2023

Dislocations of the first metacarpal joint are less common than many other joint dislocations. In uncomplicated cases, closed reduction may be attempted, whereas in complicated cases, surgery may be required. We report the case of an 89-year-old patient with a first metacarpophalangeal joint dislocation that underwent closed reduction. The patient was treated with a thumb spica splint for 2 weeks. At the 2-week follow-up, the patient had a similar range of motion in the first metacarpophalangeal joint as in the contralateral hand. However, the patient did not return for the subsequent follow-up visits, so long-term outcomes could not be assessed.
Evaluatıon of the Fagerström Nicotine Dependence Test and the Situation of Smoking Patients Wishing to Stop Smoking in the Family Medicine Polyclinic
Authors: ÇORUH AKYOL Bestegül , KAYA Mervegül , ÖZDEMİR Muhammet , YİLDİRİM Ömer Ufkun , ÖZDEMİR Cihan , ENGİNYURT Özgür , ÇANKAYA Soner
Published: October 2023

Objective: According to the results of the Türkiye Health Survey; While the rate of individuals aged 15 and over who use tobacco products every day was 28.0% in 2019, it increased to 28.3% in 2022. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), smoking is the cause of death for more than 8 million people each year. The use of tobacco and tobacco products is an important health problem that harms individuals and societies, has attracted attention all over the world in recent years, and needs to be treated. In our study, it was aimed to evaluate the addiction status of individuals applying to our outpatient clinics, to determine what measures should be taken for the treatment of smoking and to determine if there is a regional awareness in the addiction score.

Methods: Our study, which was planned as a cross-sectional, descriptive and prospective study, included 184 people over the age of 18, who were active smoking and who accepted to participate in the study, who applied to Ordu University Medical Faculty Family Medicine Polyclinic between 12.10.2021 and 15.01.2022 for any reason. The Fagerström Nicotine Dependence Test was used in the analysis of the addiction score. In the study, chi-square analysis was used to determine whether the Fagerström Nicotine Addiction Test Questions of Smoker Patients in the Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic changed according to the gender and age of the patients. The SPSS 21.0 V. statistical package program was used for all statistical calculations. It was considered that the research findings were significant at the P
Evaluation of Department Preferences of Faculty of Medicine Assistants: The Case of Ordu
Authors: ÇORUH AKYOL Bestegül , KAŞKO ARICI Yeliz
Published: October 2023

Objective: Professions are tools for individuals to realize their expectations and wishes about life according to their own dynamics, and medicine differs from other professions in that it essentially includes human life. This study aimed to examine the department preferences of Medical Faculty Assistants and to determine the factors affecting these preferences.

Methods: The sample for the study was made up of 105 assistants who agreed to participate voluntarily. The study utilized a survey as a data collection tool that contains the demographic variables and the “Physicians' Preference Tendencies of Specialty Branch Scale”.

Results: Although gender, marital status and the time spent in the profession changed the answers given to the survey questions, it was determined that the general practitioners were not effective factors in the choice of specialty branch, and the significant change occurred depending on the age factor. The preference of branch due to the importance given to status showed a significant change in those aged 30 and over.

Conclusion: Those who are older make their choices by considering the position and prestige of the physician both in the working environment and in society. The age of a general practitioner has been determined as the most effective factor when choosing a specialty department due to the concerns that can be gathered under the title of status.
Voces "de un Gran Poeta..." Rubén Bonifaz Nuño en el centenario de su natalicio. Entrevista con Marco Antonio Campos - Centro de Estudios Literarios
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campos Marco Antonio ,   Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas,   Centro de Estudios Literarios
Published: October 2023

Creada en 2019, la Cátedra Extraordinaria "Rubén Bonifaz Nuño" es el tema con que el maestro Marco Antonio Campos abre esta conversación para permitirnos conocer detalles sobre la manera en la que se conformó, cómo se organizó y las áreas o disciplinas de estudio y creación que buscó promover, reflejo de los intereses del propio Bonifaz, a saber, la poesía, la traducción de textos clásicos grecolatinos y el estudio de las expresiones culturales de los pueblos originarios de Mesoamérica, con énfasis en el entorno indígena mexicano. Marco Antonio Campos destaca en esta conversación la maestría con la que Bonifaz “hacía sonar” sus poemas con excepcional musicalidad, fruto de su innovador dominio de la métrica. Y cómo en su obra, ámbitos no siempre coincidentes como la poesía y la traducción se hermanan. Valga esta entrevista, en la que además el maestro Campos menciona y comenta una importante cantidad de libros poéticos escritos por Bonifaz, para adentrarnos en el universo musical de la poesía de uno de nuestros más grandes y destacados humanistas de los últimos tiempos.
Mario Humberto Ruz: un investigador completo en los estudios mayas de ayer y de hoy
Authors:   El Colegio de México, Viqueira Juan Pedro ,   Centro de Estudios Históricos, Shuttera Alejandro Sacbé ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,   Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas
Published: October 2023

El presente texto expone algunas de las virtudes que han hecho de Mario Humberto Ruz quizá el mayista más completo de nuestros tiempos. Desde destacar con detalle su esmerado trabajo de campo en gran parte de la extensa área maya, hasta su vasta nómina de publicaciones bajo una mirada fundamentalmente antropológica e histórica sobre sus habitantes, costumbres, cultura, casi sin omitir periodo alguno. Mario Humberto Ruz ha abordado problemáticas de lo más diversas en obras dirigidas a lectores, igualmente, de lo más diversos: investigadores altamente especializados conviven en los intereses de comunicación de la obra de Ruz con el público general. El autor pone énfasis en sus obras de autor y los libros colectivos que ha editado, "innumerables y fascinantes". Mario H. Ruz se ha destacado también por su dirección de un gran número de proyectos de investigación y de tesis, así como por haber ocupado puestos académico-administrativos del más alto nivel "con inusitada pasión".
Once ensayos literarios en el contexto de pandemia: Abreviaturas. Problemas de literatura y plusvalía, de José Manuel Mateo
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Vizcarra Héctor Fernando ,   Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas,   Centro de Estudios Literarios
Published: October 2023

Abreviaturas. Problemas de literatura y plusvalía (Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, 2022) de José Manuel Mateo, nos invita a reflexionar pausadamente algunas comunicaciones que el autor presentó durante el confinamiento por la reciente pandemia, entre las que se encuentran comentarios de libros, ponencias, notas de clase para sus cursos, charlas en mesas redondas; en otras palabras, textos que comparten ese formato innominado al que Mateo propone llamar “abreviaturas”, que más allá de ser una compilación arbitraria de ensayos literarios, conforman un corpus que dialoga entre sí y con el resto de la obra crítica y literaria de su autor, pues en los once textos del volumen, encontramos referencias a sus propios proyectos de investigación presentes y a largo plazo.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Toplum Yanlısı ve Saldırgan Davranışlar ile İlişkili Bireysel ve Sosyal Etmenler
Authors: AKMAN ÖZDEMİR Petek
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmada, üniversite öğrencilerinin toplum yanlısı ve saldırgan davranışları ile ilişkili bireysel ve sosyal etmenlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmaya 429 üniversite öğrencisi katılım sağlamıştır. Olumlu Sosyal Davranışlar ve Saldırganlık Ölçeği ile katılımcıların toplum yanlısı ve saldırgan davranışları gösterme düzeyleri belirlenmiştir. Yetişkinler İçin Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği bireysel ve sosyal etmenlerin düzeylerini belirlemek için kullanılmıştır. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler t-testi, korelasyon analizi ve çoklu regresyon analizi yapılarak incelenmiştir. Kız öğrencilerin erkek öğrencilere göre daha fazla toplum yanlısı davranışta ve daha az saldırgan davranışta bulundukları belirlenmiştir. Regresyon analizleri benlik algısının, sosyal yeterliliğin, aile ve arkadaşlar ile ilişkilerin niteliğinin toplum yanlısı davranışların pozitif yordayıcıları olduklarını göstermiştir. Benliğe ve geleceğe ilişkin algıların, aile uyumunun, aile ve arkadaş ilişkilerinin saldırgan davranışları negatif yönde yordadıkları bulunmuştur. Araştırma bulguları genç yetişkinlik döneminin sosyal ve duygusal özellikleri ile ilişkili olarak değerlendirilmiştir. İleride yapılacak araştırmalar ve üniversite öğrencilerine yönelik eğitsel çalışmalar için öneriler sunulmuştur.
Toward safer lithium metal batteries: a review
Authors: Kang Shifei , Cheng Jinmin , Gao Weikang , Cui Lifeng
Published: October 2023

The energy density of conventional graphite anode batteries is insufficient to meet the requirement for portable devices, electric cars, and smart grids. As a result, researchers have diverted to lithium metal anode batteries. Lithium metal has a theoretical specific capacity (3,860 mAh·g-1) significantly higher than that of graphite. Additionally, it has a lower redox potential of -3.04 V compared to standard hydrogen electrodes. These properties make high-energy lithium metal batteries a promising candidate for next-generation energy storage devices, which have garnered significant interest for several years. However, the high activity of lithium metal anodes poses safety risks (e.g., short circuits and thermal runaway) that hinder their commercial growth. Currently, modification of reversible lithium anodes is the primary focus of lithium metal batteries. This article presents conceptual models and numerical simulations that address failure processes and offer specific techniques to mitigate the challenges of lithium metal anodes, including electrolyte design, interface engineering, and electrode modification. It is expected that lithium metal batteries will recover and become a feasible energy storage solution.
Recent progress on metal-organic framework derived carbon and their composites as anode materials for potassium-ion batteries
Authors: Yang Lei , Chen Jingwei , Park Sangbaek , Wang Huanlei
Published: October 2023

Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) are considered as promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their abundant potassium resources, cost-effectiveness, and comparable electrochemical performance to LIBs. However, the practical application of PIBs is hindered by the slow dynamics and large volume expansion of anode materials. Owing to their unique morphology, rich pores, abundant active sites, and tunable composition, metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived carbon and its composites have been widely studied and developed as PIB anodes. In this review, the basic configuration, performance evaluation indicators, and energy storage mechanisms of PIBs were first introduced, followed by a comprehensive summary of the research progress in MOF-derived carbon and its composites, especially the design strategies and different types of composites. Moreover, the advances of in situ characterization techniques to understand the electrochemical mechanism during potassiation/depotassiation were also highlighted, which is crucial for the directional optimization of the electrochemical performance of PIBs. Finally, the challenges and development prospects of MOF-derived carbon and its composites for PIBs are prospected. It is envisioned that this review will guide and inspire more research efforts toward advanced MOF-derived PIB anode materials in the future.
Quel est le rôle des retenues collinaires pour limiter les flux de pesticides dans le paysage agricole ?
Authors: IMFELD Gwenaël , PAYRAUDEAU Sylvain , SAUVAGE Sabine , MACARY Francis , CHAUMONT Cédric , LEBRUN Jérémie D. , PROBST Anne , SÁNCHEZ-PÉREZ José-Miguel , PROBST Jean-Luc , TOURNEBIZE Julien
Published: October 2023

Les systèmes aquatiques tels que les mares, les zones humides, les bassins d’orage, les retenues collinaires, ci-après nommées « retenues d’eau », sont des systèmes de rétention d'eau omniprésents dans les bassins versants agricoles. Ces retenues opèrent comme des réacteurs biogéochimiques naturels, contrôlant la dissipation et le transfert des contaminants agricoles, dont les pesticides, à l'échelle du bassin versant. De façon complémentaire aux mesures et aux pratiques de réduction voire d’élimination de l’utilisation des pesticides de synthèse, le projet PESTIPOND (2018-2023), financé par l’Agence nationale de la recherche (ANR), s’est intéressé au rôle des retenues dans les transferts de pesticides à l'échelle du bassin versant. Les résultats principaux sont présentés dans cet article. PESTIPOND a permis de mieux comprendre, hiérarchiser et prédire les processus qui conditionnent la dissipation des pesticides dans les retenues et comment la dissipation des pesticides dans les retenues régit le transfert de pesticides à l'échelle du bassin versant dans des conditions hydro-climatiques et des pratiques d'exploitation agricole variables. Pour intégrer les aspects multi-échelles et dynamiques de cette problématique, un cadre de modélisation tenant compte du rôle des retenues à l'échelle du bassin versant est proposé pour améliorer la prédiction du transfert de pesticides et l'évaluation des risques de transfert vers les écosystèmes aquatiques.
Gluteal Tendinopathy
Authors: Dancy Malik E. , Alexander Andrew S. , Clark Clarence Julian , Marigi Erick M. , Hevesi Mario , Levy Bruce A. , Krych Aaron J. , Okoroha Kelechi R.
Published: October 2023

» Gluteal tendinopathy/greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) is the most prevalent of all lower limb tendinopathies, affecting 1 in 4 women older than 50 years and commonly individuals within their fifth and sixth decades of life regardless of activity level.

» The condition is believed to originate from age-related degenerative changes about the hip abductor tendon insertions and the surrounding bursae, and is exacerbated by congenital and acquired abnormal hip biomechanics.

» Treatment of gluteal tendinopathy/GTPS often begins with noninvasive nonoperative modalities such as activity modifications, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and physical therapy. For recalcitrant symptoms, additional nonoperative therapies have been used; however, there remains a lack of comparative efficacy between these adjunct treatments.

» In this article, we examine the available literature regarding the nonoperative management of gluteal tendinopathy/GTPS and provide insight into the effectiveness of current treatment modalities.