bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
International Students Adaptation Process in Malaysian Public Universities: A Social Communication Challenge
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Yushriman Yus Sharmiza , Ismail Isma Rosila ,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Che Noh Che Hasniza ,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Rashid Roswati Abdul ,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
Published: December 2024

Education Malaysia Global Services (EMGS) is a national education provider in Malaysia that is specifically designed to manage international students. It offers various services, such as assistance with living costs, transportation rates, and necessary documentation for international students pursuing studies in Malaysia. This initiative aligns with the Ministry of Higher Education's objective of becoming an international education hub while providing exemplary hosting services. Malaysia's diverse environment creates a perception of harmony and ease of adaptation among international students. This research explores the adaptation process of postgraduate international students enrolled in Malaysian public universities, focusing on twelve students from four universities: UPM, UKM, UM, and USM. Qualitative data will be gathered through semi-structured interviews, and analysis will be conducted using the colour-coding technique with ATLAS.ti software. The findings indicate that some international students still face language challenges and context misunderstandings during interactions with locals, particularly those visiting Malaysia for the first time. In contrast, international students from other countries do not encounter significant language barriers. Addressing the communication barriers faced by international students during their stay in Malaysia is crucial, and the Ministry of Higher Education can utilise the results of this study to shape guidelines and policies that cater to the needs of international students as a host country.
Keywords: International students, intercultural adaptation model, adaptation process, global education hub, sojourners.
SECURE VERTEX COVER PEBBLING NUMBER FOR FAMILIES OF TREE-DERIVED STRUCTURES
Authors: Surya S. Sarah , Mathew Lian , Thomas Jyothy , Mattam Jeet Kurian
Published: December 2024

The secure vertex cover pebbling number of a graph , is the smallest number that allows every distribution of pebbles to reach some secure vertex cover of by a sequence of pebbling moves. Trees are advantageous in biological science especially in systematics, bioinformatics and phylogenetics. In this paper, the secure vertex cover pebbling number for some tree-derived structures such as coconut tree, comb graph, Bistar graph, Banana tree and complete binary tree has been determined.
Validation of the Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Favipiravir for the Quality Control of Tablets
Authors:   A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odesa, Ukraine, Scrypynets Yu.V. , Chebotarska I.I. ,   A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odesa, Ukraine, Aleksandrova D.I. ,   A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odesa, Ukraine, Kashutskуy S.N. ,   "ІNTERCHEM", Odesa, Ukraine, Yegorova A.V. ,   A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odesa, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

Pharmaceutical development is a mandatory component of the technological regu-lations and the registration dossier for a medicinal product. Establishing the methodological foundations for quality control and the physicochemical properties of medicines is a crucial task for the introduction and production of high-quality, effective, and safe pharmaceuticals. A reasoned choice of methods for the analysis of dosage forms allows for the optimization of the quality control system at a pharmaceutical enterprise and en-sures the economic efficiency of control and measuring equipment usage. The most important characteristic of a medicinal product is its quality. Quality control of medicinal substances and dosage forms is regulated by the relevant monographs of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine or Europe. Therefore, the development and introduction into production of domestic drugs that meet the established quality requirements is a timely task for the fields of medicine and pharmacy. The spectrophotometric method for the test "Assay" of the drug Favipiravir, film-coated tablets, 200 mg, was validated. A systematic study of its chemical-analytical and metrological parameters was conducted. The method was validated according to the in-dicators of specificity, accuracy, precision, and linearity in the studied concentration range, in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine.
Determination of the Geographical Origins of Olive Mill Wastewater: FTMIR Spectroscopy and Chemometric Algorithms for Accurate Classification
Authors:   Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco, El Otmani Faiçal Sbai , El Orche Aimen ,   Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco, Mouhsin Mouad ,   Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco, Kasbaji Meriem ,   Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco, Oumghar Ayoub Ait ,   Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco, Mbarki Mohamed ,   Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco, Oubenali Mustapha ,   Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco
Published: December 2024

The present research studies the geographical classification of olive mill wastewater (OMWW) samples using FT-MIR spectroscopy and chemometric recognition algorithms. The study focuses on samples collected from two regions in Morocco: BeniMellal-Khenifra and Fes-Meknes. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) has been applied to the spectral data, revealing distinct clustering of OMWW samples based on their geographical origin. Additionally, Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) has been employed to develop a classification model for accurate sample categorization. The PLS-DA model presented high sensitivity and specificity, achieving perfect classification rates during the calibration phase. Validation results show the model's capability to accurately identify the majority of samples, with a minor misclassification. These results confirm the potential of FTMIR spectroscopy and chemometric recognition algorithms for authentication, and traceability in the olive oil industry. Further research can explore the extension of this methodology to other regions and agricultural by-products, incorporating advanced machine learning algorithms for enhanced classification accuracy. Overall, the present study contributes to enhance environmental waste management research by addressing OMWW disposal concerns and promoting sustainable practices on the valuation possibilities.
Estimation of Some Amino-Based Drugs in Human Blood Using HPLC Technique
Authors:   College of Science, Wasit University, Al-Kut, Iraq, Mezban Salih Qasim
Published: December 2024

Enantiomers in human plasma were analyzed using Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) and Chiral High- Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The chiral HPLC strategy allowed fractionation of DL, DD, LL, and LD varieties in human blood plasma with Targeted Solid Phase Extraction (TSPE). These methods are precise, economical, eco-friendly, and reproducible. Maximum plasma binding percentages for DL-, DD-, LL-, and LD-enantiomers were 63.39%, 56.79%, 84.11%, and 73.11%, respectively, at pH 9. Chiral resolution was strong, with separation factors over 1.0. Limits of Detection (LOD) ranged from 1 to 2.7 μg/mL, and Limits of Quantitation (LOQ) ranged from 5 to 10 μg/mL. The experimental data aligned well with the model, successfully applied to real plasma samples, enabling chiral monitoring of dipeptide stereoisomers in patients. HPLC, using an AmyCoat-RP column with an amylose polysaccharide stationary phase, proved effective for consistent and robust analysis, confirming the suitability of D-tryptophan, L-leucine, D-leucine, and L-tryptophan stereoisomers for clinical and research applications.
Development of a Sensitive Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of the Charge-Transfer Complex of Aripiprazole in Pharmaceutical Formulations: Spectrometric Characteristics and Analytical Applications
Authors:   Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey, Dincel Demet , Bahadori Fatemeh ,   Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey, Tekkeli Evrim ,   Istanbul Health and Technology University, Istanbul, Turkey, Önal Armağan ,   Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
Published: December 2024

This study presents a simple, rapid, and accurate spectrophotometric method for the determination of Aripiprazole (ARP) in tablets. The determination procedure is based on the reaction of ARP with 7,7,8,8-tet racyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ), producing a colored product that was quantitated spectrophotometrically at 392 nm. Various variables affecting the reaction were optimized. The method exhibited a good linearity range with a correlation coefficient of 0.9994, observed as 0.25–3 μg/mL. The developed method was validated according to the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines, assessing specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantitation (LOQ). The formation of the CT-complex and the interaction sites were confirmed by elemental analysis, DSC, IR, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The method was successfully applied to the determination of ARP in pharmaceutical preparation.
A Comparative study of DNA Alignment Algorithms and Boosting Performance Using Different Compilation Strategies
Authors: Doluca Osman
Published: December 2024

With the development of next generation sequencing technologies, the requirement of higher performance from DNA and Protein sequence alignment algorithms has become even greater. This work is a systematic comparison of different compilation strategies for two common DNA or Protein sequence alignment algorithms, Needleman-Wunsch and Smith-Waterman, using Python programming language. It aims to investigate the performance benefits of already widely used Biopython’s pairwise alignment module versus different compilation approaches of an in-house software. It is shown that using Numba just-in-time compiler provide greater performance overall in comparison to PyPy and Cython compilers or the Biopython module. This work may increase the efficiency of software prototyping where large-scale sequence alignment is necessary.
Contemporary Methods of Criminal Evidence: Examining Modern Scientific Techniques and Their Legal Implications
Authors: Mohammad N. S. , Dalool R. F.
Published: December 2024

The study focuses on the topic of contemporary methods of criminal evidence, which holds significant importance within the area of criminal justice. Modern scientific evidence serves as a crucial foundation for determining the occurrence or non-occurrence of criminal incidents. It is utilized as a key tool to substantiate or refute claims in criminal cases. Given the current societal context undergoing rapid evolution, particularly the rise of information technology, it is imperative to remain updated on the advancements in this field. Criminals with expertise in information technology are increasingly employing modern scientific and technical methods to perpetrate crimes. Consequently, it becomes necessary to utilize contemporary evidence and investigative techniques to mitigate such crimes effectively. This approach facilitates the identification and apprehension of offenders, thereby ensuring appropriate punishment and the attainment of justice in a timely manner.
Subtitling English Legal Acronyms into Arabic: Human vs Machine
Authors: Haider A. S. , Alkhatib R.
Published: December 2024

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine translation (MT) technologies made the process of translation easier. The study examines the translation strategies used by Netflix, Google Translate (GT), ChatGPT (GPT), and Gemini (GEM) to render 30 English legal acronyms into Arabic. Adopting the taxonomy suggested by Al-Hamly and Farghal to translate reduced forms, the analysis showed that every translator (human, MT, and AI) uses different strategies to render the acronyms into Arabic. The findings showed that the majority of the English legal acronyms were unpacked and translated literally “Translation Alone Unpacking.” GPT employed this strategy the most at 50 %, followed by Netflix and GT at 26.6 % each and GEM at 13.3 %. The second most frequently used translation strategy is “Cultural Substitution” that was utilized by Netflix (40 %), followed by GPT (23.3 %), and GEM and GT at 16.6 % each. The analysis showed that GT has more cases of mistranslation than the other investigated systems. The study concludes that artificial intelligence tools have advanced significantly and are now almost as good as humans. Therefore, when translating legal acronyms, combining machine translation with human intervention will likely improve accuracy and cultural sensitivity while saving time, cost, and effort.
WEAVING THE TRANSNATIONAL ANTI-GENDER NETWORKS
Authors: Caiani Manuela , Tranfić Ivan
Published: December 2024

This article presents the analytical framework for the special issue, “Weaving the Transnational Anti-gender Networks.” It investigates how different configurations of actors and identities, causes and conditions, and mechanisms and trajectories are related to the building of anti-gender transnational contention. Moving from social movement approaches, the article disentangles the definitions of anti-gender collective actors, transnationalization, and diffusion vis-à-vis various organizational and background factors. It argues that we have to look at contextual opportunities such as European integration and radical-right transnationalization, the “gender ideology” and “natural family” frames, as well as events and practices, to comprehensively account for the weaving of anti-gender networks that transcend national borders. The interplay of religious resources and conservative familial identity politics are diffused both bottom-up and top-down, depending on contextually specific threats and opportunities. The role of the internet in the transnationalization of the contemporary radical right is also highlighted.
ANTI-GENDER REGIMES, FEMINIST POLITICS, AND THE CHALLENGE OF SOCIETAL DEMOCRATIZATION
Authors: Lombardo Emanuela
Published: December 2024

Democracy is an ongoing process that involves society as a whole, not merely politics. Anti-gender politics challenges democratization in all areas of society. Therefore, a gendered theory of society capable of grasping the broader social logics of anti-gender politics is needed to understand the latter's challenges to societal democratization. Gender regime theory, in Sylvia Walby and Mieke Verloo's conceptualization, is proposed as the macrolevel theory of society that enhances our understanding of the gendered social relations that transnational and national anti-gender forces envision in their anti-democratic project of society. The analysis of anti-gender politics in the domains of economy, polity, violence, civil society, cathexis, and episteme, their interactions, and hegemon dynamics allows for an understanding of how anti-gender politics manifests in the different domains and how opportunities created for anti-gender projects in specific domains contribute to the development of “anti-gender regimes” and hinder societal democratization.
CAPITALIZING ON COVID-19: CRISIS EXPLOITATION IN THE CHRISTIAN RIGHT’S INTERNATIONAL CAMPAIGN FOR FAMILY VALUES
Authors: Mos Martijn
Published: December 2024

Religious movements face a critical choice when global crises emerge: adapt or decline. This article examines how the transnational Christian right chose adaptation during the COVID-19 pandemic, transforming potential threats into strategic opportunities. Drawing on theories of crisis exploitation and frame extension, I demonstrate how these organizations leveraged the pandemic to advance their longstanding objectives. Although COVID-19 initially challenged the Christian right's interests by diverting public attention and resources, their advocacy organizations rapidly reframed this challenge as an opportunity. Through systematic frame extension strategies, these groups integrated the pandemic into their existing campaigns, emphasizing renewed urgency and relevance. To illustrate this strategic adaptation, I analyze the advocacy efforts and media coverage of two prominent organizations within the Christian right movement: ADF International and the Center for Family and Human Rights (C-Fam).
Results of the study of wear products and contamination percentage of engine oils of diesel and gas engines
Authors: Utaev Sobir A.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: Solving the problem of ensuring the reliability of internal combustion engines during operation requires an integrated approach, solved in different directions. Solving these problems is a relevant complex task. The main issues are operating conditions, the type of fuel used, monitoring the indicators of engine oils, as well as the development of reasonable service life for the latter. When supporting the operational properties of engine oils, monitoring the basic characteristics of the operating oil is relevant.
OBJECTIVE: Assessment of the accumulation of contamination and wear products in the M10G2 oil of diesel engines and diesel-based gas engines. Use of theoretical equations for assessment of change in percentage of contamination products and conducting laboratory analyses aimed to assessment of content of contamination and wear products as well as particle size in the oil.
METHODS: One of the main ways to reduce increased wear and carbon formation in engines is blending additives to the engine oil that can neutralize the corrosive and carbon-forming effects of sulfur fuel combustion products, having high antioxidant and detergent properties. Products of organic and inorganic origin and mechanical impurities of wear products accumulate in motor oil as a result of long-term operation. After the first 100 hours of oil operation, it contains certain amounts of contamination and wear products, as well as insoluble products of oxidation and wear of engine parts. During the study, the laws of lubrication theory, methods of design of experiment and mathematical statistics, as well as methods based on existing regulatory documents were used. Processing methods in the Microsoft Office Excel application packages were used for processing of experimental data.
RESULTS: The process of oil aging in internal combustion engines and the factors influencing the aging of engine oil are considered. Using the analytical equations, changes in the concentration of wear products and contamination of the oil of a diesel-based gas engine are calculated, and graphical dependences of oil indicators on operating time are given.
CONCLUSIONS: The practical value of the study lies in the fact that, using theoretical equations, it is possible to assess the accumulation of contamination products in the oil; based on the results of laboratory tests, it is possible to assess the percentage of wear products and contamination in the oil. Operation of diesel and diesel-based gas engines with oil having high percentage of contaminants and wear products leads to reduced engine reliability, reduced lubricating oil lifespan, accelerated wear of individual parts, varnish formation and sedimentation on separate engine parts.
Investigation of the process of flax pulling by devices with transverse channels
Authors: Rostovtsev Roman A. , Kovalev Mikhail M. , Perov Gennady A.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: Mechanized pulling of crops is carried out by the most efficient flax milling machines with transverse belt-disc channels. At the same time, the analysis of the works showed that the action of the inertia forces of plants when moving in curved pulling channels is not analyzed, their effect on the quality of the technological process is not found, the condition for pulling all plants from the soil without their excessive flattening, which reduces their effectiveness, is not determined.
OBJECTIVE: Theoretical and experimental study of the process of pulling flax plants with devices with transverse belt-disc channels.
METHODS: Experimental studies were carried out according to well-known and developed methods, with an assessment of flax products according to the GOST standards. The influence of the centrifugal inertia forces of plants on the bending of the plant belt, stretching of its upper part and loss of flax balls, and the condition of pulling all plants, taking into account the maximal strength of the tearing resistance of plants, were determined. Standard equipment and developed installations were used.
RESULTS: Dependences were obtained for determining the inertia forces of plants in the zones of pulling pulleys and deflecting rollers, and bending moments created by the inertia forces of plants and acting on plants, as well as the speed of the pulling belt, to prevent greater inertia forces of plants, negatively affecting the quality of work, and the condition of pulling all plants from the soil with taking into account the maximal strength of the stretching resistance. The limit value of the bending angle of the plant belt, which should not exceed 20°, has been found experimentally.
CONCLUSIONS: When designing flax milling machines with belt-disc channels to reduce the inertia forces, it is necessary that the elements of adjacent milling sections have the same size and shape as possible, which will reduce the forces of inertia of plants, eliminate peak pressures in a channel, increase the durability of the belt, reduce losses of flax products.
proyecto de un constitucionalismo global como alternativa realista a un futuro de catástrofes
Authors: Ferrajoli Luigi
Published: December 2024

Los problemas más importantes a los que se enfrenta la humanidad son de carácter global: el calentamiento del planeta, las amenazas a la paz mundial, el aumento de las desigualdades, la falta de agua potable, de alimentos básicos y de medicamentos esenciales, o las masas de emigrantes que huyen de la miseria y la degradación de sus países. Estas tragedias no son fenómenos naturales ni simples injusticias; al contrario, son violaciones masivas de los derechos fundamentales reconocidos en las distintas cartas constitucionales en vigor, tanto nacionales como supranacionales. La humanidad se encuentra hoy en una encrucijada histórica, seguramente la más dramática y decisiva: o sufrir y sucumbir a las múltiples catástrofes y emergencias globales, o hacerles frente, contrarrestándolas con la construcción de garantías constitucionales a escala planetaria, diseñadas por la razón jurídica y política. Sólo una Constitución de la Tierra que introduzca un dominio planetario para la protección de los bienes vitales de la naturaleza, prohíba todas las armas como bienes ilícitos, empezando por las armas nucleares, e introduzca un tesoro global e instituciones adecuadas para garantizar la defensa de los derechos de libertad y la aplicación de los derechos sociales, puede hacer realidad el universalismo de los derechos humanos. El proyecto de una Constitución de la Tierra no es una hipótesis utópica, sino la única respuesta racional y realista capaz de limitar los poderes salvajes de los Estados y de los mercados en beneficio de la habitabilidad del planeta y de la supervivencia de la humanidad
Anexo. Laudatio del Prof. Dr. Dionisio Llamazares Fernández
Authors: Pardo Prieto Paulino César
Published: December 2024

.
Anexo. Laudatio del Prof. Dr. Manuel Atienza Rodríguez
Authors: García Amado Juan Antonio
Published: December 2024

.
Determination of the effect of internet use and e-health literacy on birth worries in pregnant women
Authors: Altunkurek Seyma Zehra , Yilmaz Semra Tuncay , Tekin Özlem Moraloğlu
Published: December 2024

Background: This study was carried out to determine the relationship between the internet use of pregnant women and e-health literacy and birth anxiety.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted 313 pregnant Turkish woman in Ankara Turkey, from May 2018 to December 2018.  The Introductory Information and internet usage e-health literacy scale (E-HLS) and the Oxford worries about labor scale (OWLS) used to measure participants’ birth anxiety and e-health literacy. To evaluate data that were not normally distributed, additional descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis analysis test and Pearson correlation analysis were employed.
Results: The (E-HLS) scale and the (OWLS) scale and median scores were 29.31±6.34 and 24.59±7.44, respectively. The majority of pregnant women had access to the internet, and had access to internet for the information given by the health care provider is not clear. Fetal development and nutrition delivery were the two most often mentioned topics of interest. We detected statistically significant relationships between Internet usage during pregnancy and income and education status (p<0.05). A moderately positive and statistically significant relationship was detected between e-health literacy and Oxford birth anxiety total score.
Conclusions: During antenatal visits and childbirth education classes, health professionals should help increase the e-health literacy of pregnant women, including the abilities to search, understand, and evaluate health information from electronic sources.
Knowledge, attitude and utilization of oral cholera vaccine in Bauchi Metropolis, Bauchi State, North-Eastern Nigeria
Authors: M. Maigoro Aliyu , U. Ibrahim Khadija , S. Usman Usman , Abdullahi Ibrahim A. , Shehu Ado
Published: December 2024

Background: Since early 1800s, pandemics of cholera have affected millions of people around the world. It is estimated that 1.3 to 4.0 million cases of cholera and 21 000 to 143 000 deaths occurs each year due to cholera worldwide. Nigeria had suffered large cholera epidemics in recent years. The study determined the knowledge, attitude and utilization of Oral Cholera Vaccines (OCV) in Bauchi metropolis, Bauchi state, Nigeria.
Methods: The design was a descriptive cross sectional study and a multistage sampling technique was used in collecting data from 372 respondents using semi-structured, interviewer administered questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 at 5% significance level and 95% confidence interval.
Results: The study revealed that majority of the respondents 328 (88.2%) knew about OCV and their commonest source of information was radio 120 (34.7%). More than half of the respondents 239 (64.2%) have heard of the house to house OCV campaign. Attitudes were partially negative, because more than half 198 (53.2%) believed that oral cholera vaccine is unsafe for ill persons. Practices were relatively poor because out of the 372 respondents, 201 (54.0%) received OCV, 225 (60.4%) didn’t know when to receive the second dose and 225 (60.5%) didn’t receive the second dose.
Conclusions: The respondents had fairly good knowledge about OCV use, but with negative attitude which could have led to the poor practice. We recommend that the government should reinforce education to the public on the importance of OCV use in prevention of cholera.
A study on factors associated with delay in post-exposure prophylaxis among animal bite victims attending anti rabies clinic of a tertiary care hospital of southern Odisha
Authors: Padhy Manisha , Patra Priya Ranjan , Panda Jasmin N. , Patnaik Amita , Satapathy Durga M.
Published: December 2024

Background: Rabies is a fatal viral disease of CNS. In India 17.4 million people are exposed to animal bites annually. Having a varied incubation period, post exposure prophylaxis should be started immediately after any animal bite exposure to prevent rabies. This study was conducted to find out the reasons behind delay in seeking treatment immediately which may pose potential risk to the exposed. Objectives were to describe the characteristics of animal bite exposures. To determine the factors associated with delay in post exposure prophylaxis.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2023 to January 2024 in ARC. All animal bite victims who came for PEP after 24 hours of exposure were included in the study. Data was collected using predesigned pretested questionnaire and analysed using SPSS v 17.
Results: Majority of the study population were males (63.4%) and between age group of 18-59 years (61%). 97.6% had category-III bites (mostly abrasions in lower limb). About 66% of the study population reported to the ARC after 72 hours of the exposure, the major reason being negligence (29%).
Conclusions: Thus, we need to address the issue and create awareness about rabies and its fatality to prevent future Rabies related deaths.
Reproductive morbidity among married Muslim women: a community-based study in an urban slum of Mumbai, India
Authors: Pinjari Vahhida M. , Rakshase Bal N. , Pardhi Ashish V.
Published: December 2024

Background: Reproductive morbidity is prevalent within the community; however maternal mortality remains a key indicator of maternal health. The present study examined the prevalence of reproductive morbidities with a specific emphasis on menstrual problems and RTI among married Muslim women. The paper also explored their health-seeking behavior and its association with socio-demographic and cultural determinant.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in urban slum of Mumbai, India. Three hundred married Muslim women of reproductive age (15-49) were interviewed. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.0.
Results: About 45% of the respondents had experienced at least one symptom of reproductive morbidity. Painful periods and white discharge were the most common symptoms. Only 43% and 47.4% respondents sought treatment for menstrual and RTIs problems respectively. Around 31% of respondents preferred home remedies for treatment, while 23% went to the government hospitals.
Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of reproductive health morbidities and low health-seeking behavior among Muslim women in the study area.
Prevalence and associated factors of acute respiratory infections among children aged 1-5 years residing in district Amritsar
Authors: Lokesh Lokesh K. , Mahajan Sanjeev , Padda Preeti , Kaur Jasleen , Jyoti Kamal
Published: December 2024

Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are one of the commonest causes of deaths in children in developing countries. They are responsible for the estimated 15 million deaths that occur in children under 5 years of age each year. Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are the leading cause of under-five morbidity globally.
Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in rural and urban areas of the Amritsar district from 01 January 2023 to 31 December 2023 among children aged 1–5 years. A total of 430 study participants, aged between 1-5 years, were included in the sample, with equal urban-rural representation (215 each).
Results: The prevalence of acute respiratory tract infections in last 3 months was found to be 18% with no urban rural difference. ARI was associated with supplementary feeding and skipping meals.
Conclusions: The prevalence of acute respiratory tract infections in last 3 months was found to be 18%.
Pattern and factors associated with workplace violence towards doctors in southern part of Karnataka: a cross-sectional study
Authors: K. Vinay Kumar , M. R. Ravi , N. Naveen , Saligrama Rajaiah Vijayashree , M. N. Damayanthi , S. K. Sukanya
Published: December 2024

Background: Workplace Violence (WPV) is a globally growing health problem among Doctors, Doctors are at continuous risk of facing aggression at the workplace. This study aimed to evaluate the magnitude and factors associated with violence against doctors.
Methods: An online survey of doctors working in a tertiary care hospital in Southern Karnataka was done by using the modified version of the workplace violence (WPV) in the health sector questionnaire, developed by the World Health Organization.
Results: Out of the 96 participants, 69 doctors (71.9%) reported being exposed to violence at their workplace in the past 6 months. 92.3% of post graduate, 96% of the residents from other states have experienced WPVs. The most common type of WPV was verbal abuse (70%), and the perpetrators were relatives of the patients (85.5%). The possible perceived reasons for WPV were security issues (34%), workplace environment (28.9%).
Conclusions: The present study suggests that more than half of the doctors working in a tertiary care hospital in Southern Karnataka face WPV. Reporting of the incidents and taking strict actions against the violence is lacking and it must be strengthened to reduce prevalence of WPVs.
Pulse steroids serve in rhabdomyolysis secondary to strenuous exercise in a 17-year-old male
Authors: Naidu G. Diwakar , Bayaram Shravya , Goshika Vaishnavi
Published: December 2024

Rhabdomyolysis is a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the breakdown of skeletal muscle fibers and the subsequent release of intracellular components, such as myoglobin and creatine kinase (CK), into the bloodstream. This case report describes a 17-year-old male who developed rhabdomyolysis secondary to strenuous exercise, specifically after performing 200 sit-ups. The patient presented with typical symptoms, including muscle pain, swelling, dark urine, and decreased urine output. Initial laboratory investigations revealed significantly elevated CK levels (193,500 U/L), indicating severe muscle damage. Prompt management included aggressive hydration, electrolyte monitoring, and supportive care. Notably, corticosteroid therapy (methylprednisolone) was initiated on day 3 based on consensus opinion and literature review, although the use of corticosteroids in rhabdomyolysis remains controversial. The patient's condition improved with treatment, as evidenced by a gradual decline in CK levels and normalization of liver enzymes. Renal function remained stable, and the patient did not develop acute kidney injury, a potentially severe complication of rhabdomyolysis. This case highlights the importance of prompt recognition and aggressive management of exertional-induced rhabdomyolysis, particularly in young individuals engaging in strenuous physical activity. Early intervention, including corticosteroid therapy in selected cases, can help prevent potentially life-threatening complications and facilitate a successful outcome.
Recognizing and managing dermatologic manifestations of celiac disease in children
Authors: Rajeh Alyamani Nawal , Turkstani Huda Abdulqader , Abuthnain Sarah Mutlaq , Abanomy Samiah Abdulrahman , Alamri Raghad Saad , Alzahrani Ghaida Ahmed , Alqethami Meznah Obaid , Aljabar Aljoharh Hassan , Alzedany Sukaina Kamal , Albahrani Salman Jaffer , Almansour Abdulelah Fahad
Published: December 2024

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten ingestion, affecting multiple organ systems beyond the gastrointestinal tract. Among its extraintestinal manifestations, dermatologic conditions play a significant role, particularly in pediatric patients. Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH), a hallmark dermatologic feature of CD, is characterized by intensely pruritic vesicles and papules predominantly on extensor surfaces. Other associated skin conditions include chronic eczema, psoriasis, alopecia areata and chronic urticaria, which, while less specific, are significantly more common in children with CD. The pathophysiology of these manifestations involves immune dysregulation, IgA immune complex deposition and heightened inflammatory responses, all linked to gluten sensitivity. Diagnosing CD in children with dermatologic symptoms poses challenges due to overlapping presentations with other skin disorders and variable serologic findings. Direct immunofluorescence of perilesional skin for IgA deposits remains the gold standard for DH, while serologic markers and intestinal biopsies support diagnosis in other cases. Non-specific manifestations often require a heightened clinical suspicion and a multidisciplinary diagnostic approach. Emerging non-invasive techniques may improve diagnostic accuracy and patient compliance in pediatric populations. Management centers on strict adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD), which resolves most skin and systemic symptoms over time. Pharmacological interventions, such as dapsone, are crucial for symptomatic relief in DH while the GFD takes effect. Non-DH dermatologic conditions may necessitate adjunct therapies like immunosuppressants or biologics. Comprehensive management also addresses psychosocial impacts, with counseling and multidisciplinary care playing a pivotal role. Regular monitoring ensures adherence to treatment and evaluates outcomes, particularly in reducing symptom burden and improving quality of life. Understanding the dermatologic manifestations of CD in children enhances early recognition, timely intervention and holistic management, ultimately improving outcomes in this vulnerable population. Early detection through skin presentations highlights the need for integrating dermatologic findings into CD diagnostic frameworks.
Evaluating the impact of lifestyle modifications on hypertensive heart disease
Authors: Omar Baoum Shada , Anbarserri Faris Mansour , Alhassan Shahad Emad , Hani Hassan Fuad Al , Almutairi Faisal Nashmi , Sulayman Mohammad Laith , Alfadhli Jumana Laith , Nass Omar Adel , Alsehemi Abdulaziz Omar , Albeetar Wail Mohammed
Published: December 2024

Hypertensive heart disease (HHD) is a significant cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, resulting from chronic hypertension and leading to complications such as left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure, and ischemic heart disease. Lifestyle modifications, including dietary changes, physical activity, weight management, stress reduction, and smoking cessation, are essential non-pharmacological interventions that can effectively manage hypertension and prevent the progression to HHD. The DASH diet, reduced sodium intake, regular exercise, and weight loss have been shown to lower blood pressure and improve cardiovascular health. Additionally, stress management techniques like yoga, meditation, and cognitive-behavioral therapy contribute to better BP control. Smoking cessation provides immediate benefits, lowering both blood pressure and cardiovascular risk. This review evaluates the impact of these lifestyle modifications on hypertensive heart disease, highlighting their role in reducing blood pressure, preventing left ventricular hypertrophy, and improving heart function. While pharmacological treatments remain important, lifestyle changes should be prioritized as part of a comprehensive approach to managing hypertension and mitigating cardiovascular risks. Ongoing research is crucial for further understanding the long-term benefits of these interventions in individuals with hypertensive heart disease.
India\'s 100-day TB-elimination campaign: An important step towards achieving the national goals
Authors: Yadav Sankalp , Nadar Amruta , Jeyaraman Madhan , Rawal Gautam , Jeyaraman Naveen
Published: December 2024

Tuberculosis is known for ages and continues to haunt the fragile healthcare systems in developing countries. India is a high-burden country for tuberculosis. Further, India aims to eliminate tuberculosis five years earlier than the global targets. To achieve these targets, the Indian government has launched a nationwide tuberculosis campaign for 100 days. This editorial sheds light on this important step in tuberculosis elimination.
Mycobacterium abscessus presenting as a lung mass
Authors: Waghmare Siddharth Ravindranath , Kawade Snehal , Nair Jairaj P.
Published: December 2024

is one of the leading causes of non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection. It presents commonly as lung nodules. We report a rare presentation of as a lung mass.

A 38-year-old man with complaints of fever, chronic cough, and chest pain presented to our outpatient department. His chest X-ray and CT scan were suggestive of a left lower lobe mass lesion. The sputum cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test was negative for tuberculosis. The patient was then subjected to bronchoscopy. was detected on bronchial washing. This patient was started on a multidrug regime. It consisted of an injection (intramuscular) of amikacin (thrice a week), oral linezolid, clarithromycin, and moxifloxacin. After 1 month of therapy, there was complete resolution of symptoms and X-ray opacity. The patient was continued on the aforementioned treatment.

The clinical presentation of is non-specific. In this case report it presented as a mass lesion. This highlights the varied radiological presentation of the infection. Non-tuberculosis mycobacterium infection should be suspected if the initial workup of tuberculosis is negative.
Condition monitoring of internal combustion engines with vibration signals and fault detection by using machine learning techniques
Authors: Karabacak Yunus Emre
Published: December 2024

Internal combustion engines are frequently used in transportation, power plants, and in many other applications for industrial purposes. For this reason, it is very important that the maintenance is done systematically and that the faults are detected correctly. In this study, two different methods were used for the detection of the healthy internal combustion engine (H) and faulty internal combustion engines (single-cylinder misfire-F1, two-cylinder misfire-F2). In the first method, classical signal features were extracted from engine vibration measurements and used in the training of artificial neural networks (ANNs) and support vector machine (SVM). In the second method, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), a deep learning method in which features are extracted automatically, are used. Spectrograms of engine vibration signals were used to train pre-trained CNNs with different structures. Spectrograms were obtained by applying short-time Fourier transform (STFT) to vibration signals. The results of GoogleNet and ResNet-50 models trained with spectrograms were compared with the results obtained from models based on ANNs and SVM.
Los límites de la encapsulación nominal
Authors: Bień Janusz
Published: December 2024

El objetivo del presente artículo consiste en analizar algunos casos del mecanismo de cohesión textual llamado encapsulación nominal, que consiste en sintetizar algún fragmento de texto mediante recursos nominales o pronominales definidos con la etiqueta común de encapsuladores. Nuestro estudio se centra en fijar los límites del fenómeno en cuestión en tres planos distintos: léxico, textual y conceptual. En primer lugar, proponemos reanalizar rasgos centrales y periféricos del conjunto de elementos nominales que sirven a los autores para empaquetar y recategorizar contenidos predicativos. Visto que los segmentos condensados pueden ser de diferente tamaño y complejidad, intentamos fijar tanto sus limitaciones textuales como los criterios en función de las cuales las secuencias encapsuladas varían en extensión. Finalmente, describimos los límites conceptuales del fenómeno, refiriéndonos a su falta de autonomía semántica y al fenómeno de memoria discursiva que requiere por parte del lector un proceso de reconstrucción de los hechos.
Modern possibilities of organ-sparing treatment of uterine fibroid
Authors: Kosei N.V. , Tatarchuk T.F. , Plaksiieva K.D. , Vlasenko O.A. , Melnyk K.E. , Tokar H.A.
Published: December 2024

Uterine fibroid is a benign tumor originating from myometrial cells, which due to the various exogenous and endogenous factors has the potential for rapid multi-localized growth, progression of clinical symptoms, and impact on the physical and mental health of women, leading to deterioration in their quality of life. It often impedes reproductive function, causing infertility and pregnancy loss.Despite the availability and variety of conservative treatment methods, hysterectomy remains the treatment of choice for large uterine fibroids, which permanently deprives women of the possibility of childbearing.This article presents a clinical case of successful organ-preserving treatment of a woman with a giant uterine fibroid.A combined three-stage treatment was applied. Stage I – inducing medical menopause by administering a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (goserelin 10.8 mg subcutaneously); stage II – uterine artery embolization during medical menopause; stage III – laparotomic conservative myomectomy with simultaneous abdominoplasty. One month after administering goserelin 10.8 mg, during medical menopause, the uterine volume reduced from 3257 to 2798 cm³ (a 14% decrease), and the fibroid volume from 1362 to 1065 cm³ (a 21.8% decrease). After uterine artery embolization, the uterine and fibroid volumes continued to decrease to 2424 cm³ (a 25% reduction) and 876 cm³ (a 35% reduction), respectively.One month after uterine artery embolization, laparotomic myomectomy with abdominoplasty was performed. Following the surgery, the uterine volume decreased to 782 cm³ (a 76% reduction from the initial volume), and two months post-surgery, the uterus decreased to 58 cm³, reflecting a 98.2% reduction from the initial volume. During the postoperative rehabilitation period, to prevent abnormal uterine bleeding, recurrence of uterine fibroids, and to ensure effective contraception, the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system was placed.Conclusions. Organ-preserving conservative methods offer a safe and accessible treatment option for women with uterine fibroids who have not yet fulfilled their reproductive plans. The described combination of methods makes it possible to preserve the uterus and realize the reproductive function.
A Review of the Predatory Adaptation and Applications of Eocanthecona furcellata (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) as a Biological Control Agent1
Authors: Chen Gang , Liao Rentao , Ding Yishu , Ren Wei , Mao Zichao
Published: December 2024

Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae) captures and feeds on a wide range of insect pests, making it an important biocontrol agent in agriculture and forestry with significant regional application and promotional potentials. This review summarizes current research information on E. furcellata focusing on taxonomy, morphological characteristics involved in predation, its natural prey, mass rearing, regional application and potential, integrated pest management (IPM) usages, ecological safety evaluations, as well as future prospects for its use in IPM programs.
Pharmacological Treatment of Presbyopia Using Pilocarpine 1.25% Eye Drops
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Abolghasem , Rajavi Zhale , Sabbaghi Hamideh , Abdi Saeid , Montazerin Nafeeseh , Kheiri Bahareh , Haseli- Monfared Azadeh , Sheibani Kourosh , Jaldian Hemn Baghban
Published: December 2024

Purpose: To assess the efficiency and safety of pilocarpine eye drop 1.25% analogue (IRPilo) in comparison with its original brand-name drug (Vuity). Methods: In this non-randomized comparative study, 75 patients with presbyopia aged 40 to 60 years were enrolled. The right eyes of these patients received either IR-Pilo (n = 45) or Vuity (n = 30) and their contralateral eyes served as controls. Refractive errors, distance best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), near vision, amplitude of accommodation, pupil size, and intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured before and 1 to 2 hours after instillation of the eye drop. Results: The mean refractive error was stable, except for a small myopic shift in the Vuity group. There was no significant change in distance BCVA. Near vision improved significantly in both intervention groups (P < 0.001) with preference for IR-Pilo (4 vs 2.3). Furthermore, a higher amplitude of accommodation and pupil constriction occurred after instillation of both drops, with a higher effect associated with IR-Pilo. However, IOP did not change significantly post intervention. Conclusion: IR-Pilo and Vuity eye drops had comparable results; both were effective and led to stable distance vision and improved near vision. Both ophthalmic drugs were safe and none of them were associated with significant adverse effects.