bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Grau de adesão à terapia tripla combinada antirretroviral em pacientes diagnosticados com HIV/ AIDS no Serviço de Atendimento Especializado / Degree of adherence to combined triple antiretroviral therapy in patients diagnosed with HIV/AIDS at the Specialized Care Service
Authors: Menezes Paula Denise Lima de , Alves Natália Rodrigues , Diniz Joaquim Alves , Souza Francisca Andreza Fernandes de , Carvalho Poliana Moreira de Medeiros , Leite Pedro Ivo Palacio
Published: March 2019

A Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (AIDS) é uma pandemia causada pelo Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV), que ao atingir o indivíduo ataca os linfócitos T CD4 reduzindo a ação do sistema imune e provocando o surgimento de doenças oportunistas. Avanços em estudos permitiram o surgimento de fármacos capazes de agir contra o vírus e possibilitar a redução de morbidade e mortalidade aos que convivem com esta doença. O objetivo do presente trabalho consistiu em avaliar qual o grau de adesão da Terapia Tripla Combinada Antirretroviral e desta forma, determinar se este fármaco é capaz de garantir qualidade de vida aos seus usuários. O método de avaliação realizou-se através do formulário Cuestionario para la Evalución de la Adhesion al Tratamiento Antirretroviral (CEAT-VHI) realizado por meio de abordagem e pedido de permissão para realização do questionário aos que convivem com HIV/ AIDS. Dos participantes da pesquisa, somando-se os graus de adesão bom/ adequado com estrito/ elevado foi obtido resultado de 54%, quanto ao parâmetro baixo o percentual foi de 46%. O presente estudo determinou que a Terapia Tripla Antirretroviral Combinada é capaz de garantir melhorias na qualidade de vida dos pacientes dos pacientes com HIV.
Fatores Associados a não Adesão ao Tratamento da Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica em Clientes Idosos / Factors Associated with Non-Adherence to the Treatment of Systemic Arterial Hypertension in Elderly
Authors: Ferreira Edglê Alves , Alves Deboráh Cristina Silva Queiroz , Parnaíba Francisco José Braga , Silva Neiza Davi da , Barreto Suyanne Cavalcante , Rodrigues Ana Clara Santos , Sousa Joab Gomes da Silva , Marcelino Samilânia Almeida
Published: March 2019

Objetivou-se investigar os fatores determinantes à não adesão dos usuários idosos hipertensos quanto ao tratamento da hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Tratou-se de um estudo qualitativo, exploratório com abordagem descritiva. A coleta de dados ocorreu em agosto de 2017 através de um grupo focal com clientes idosos hipertensos que não aderiam ao tratamento da hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Foi visto a falta ou inexistência de medicamentos anti-hipertensivos na unidade de saúde, juntamente com o descuido do próprio cliente, configuram-se como os principais fatores que estavam diretamente relacionados a não adesão ao tratamento da hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Nesse sentido, há necessidade de ações de promoção da saúde que levem a prevenção e a busca destes clientes na para orientações e acompanhamento na Estratégia Saúde da Família, levando estes a um direcionamento adequado na redução e complicações decorrentes.
O impacto do CREAS no combate a violência contra a mulher / The impact of CREAS on combating violence against women
Authors: Silva Maria Cícera De Sá e , Cleone Mario
Published: March 2019

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar os resultados obtidos durante estudo a respeito do atendimento e abordagem á mulheres em situação de violência doméstica no âmbito do CREAS da cidade de Salgueiro, interior de Pernambuco. Para tal, foi realizada pesquisa documental e bibliográfica e entrevista com mulheres vítimas da violência e um profissional assistente social. Os resultados demonstram uma dificuldade em estabelecer uma abordagem mais eficaz junto às vítimas da violência contra a mulher, dificuldade essa gerada pela falta de capacitação dos profissionais a respeito do tema e de como trabalhar com o agressor no sentido de prevenir a reincidência dos casos, evidenciou-se também que é necessário criar espaços e instrumentos para promoção da autonomia da mulher, tanto na esfera econômica quanto social, para que seja de fato possível quebrar o ciclo de violência no qual as vítimas estão inseridas.
Associations between the household environment and stunted child growth in rural India: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Lee Charlotte , Lakhanpaul Monica , Maza Stern Bernardo , Parikh Priti
Published: March 2019

Stunting is a major unresolved and growing health issue for India. Yet there remains scant evidence for the development and application of integrated, multifactorial child health interventions across Indias most rural communities. We examine the associations between household environmental characteristics and stunting in children under 5 years across rural Rajasthan, India. We used DHS-3 India data from 1194 children living across 109,041 interviewed households. Multiple logistic regression analyses independently examined the association between (1) main source of drinking water, (2) main type of sanitation facilities, (3) main cooking fuel type, and (4) agricultural land ownership and stunting adjusting for child age. After adjusting for child age, household access to (1) improved drinking water source was associated with a 23% reduced odds (OR=077, 95% CI 05 to 100), (2) improved sanitation facility was associated with 41% reduced odds (OR=051, 95% CI 03 to 082), and (3) agricultural land ownership was associated with a 30% reduced odds of childhood stunting (OR 070, 95% CI 051 to 094). Cooking fuel source was not associated with stunting. Although further research is needed, intervention programmes should consider shifting from nutrition-specific to nutrition-sensitive solutions to address Indias childhood malnutrition crisis. Results and implications are discussed.
POLEMIK PEMAKNAAN KASIDAH BURDAH AL-BUSIRY: KAJIAN ESTETIKA NEGATIF
Authors: Manshur Fadlil Munawwar
Published: March 2019

Kasidah Burdah is the work of al-Bu>s}i>ry, an Arab Egyptian writer, which was created in the 13th century AD. It contains poems of praise to the Prophet. Its birth has made poems of praise to the Prophet grow rapidly in the Arab-Islamic world of literature. This Arabic literary work has a major impact on the development of Sufi literature. This research on Kasidah Burdah uses negative aesthetic theory developed by Hans Robert Jauss. This theory considers that a literary work cannot be separated from the history of its creation and speech. This theory also states that a literary work can only be said to achieve beauty when it is negated. It means that it is able to get out of the initial reality of its reference. The material object of this study is the Arabic text of al-Bus}īry’s Kasidah Burdah, and its translation in Indonesian. The formal object is the polemic of the interpretation of some verses in Kasidah Burdah concerning the position of the Prophet as a creature, love, maulid of the Prophet, intercession, and tawassul. The method used in this study is defamiliarization method. This method works based on the assumption that readers must change their way of reading a literary work. They cannot read similarly to what the previous readers did. Readers should not be fixated on the previous readings, but they have to produce new meanings which may not be the same as the primary ones.
KEMELUT TEOLOGIS: ANTARA KATOLIKISME, MISTISISME DAN PAGANISME DALAM BLESS ME, ULTIMA
Authors: Minderop Albertine
Published: March 2019

Novelists aspire to universal truths, and assert that people are basically the same in all places and all times. Novelists ultimately look within themselves to find their words and ideas then explore the subjective realm of the self that, though molded by the social and cultural pressures of their own place and time, acquires suppleness through immersion in a deep literary tradition. This research is the analysis of a novel,  Bless Me, Ultima, written by Rudolfo Anaya. The protagonist in this novel  is Antonio, a six-year old boy  who has theological confusion. His mother is very religious, quiet and patient; while  his environment is full of violence, murder, and injustice. Some of  his friends are non-believers and Ultima, a mystical, old woman has a great influence on him. He regards her as a wise person who can give him secure and peaceful feeling. In his way to be grown up and mature, he is asking the existence of God to answer his questions about unpleasant things and the mystery of life. When he thinks God never answers his questions, he turns to paganism – following his friends to worship the golden carp. A tragedy happens to one of the pagans, then he turns to mysticism where he can get peace and secure feeling, though he still calls the name of God. The method of the research used is hermeneutics – the method of interpretation of the literary texts; the approaches used in this research are literature and philosophy.
ILMU BUDAYA DAN METODOLOGINYA Bagaimana Ilmu Budaya Menghadapi Perubahan Episteme?
Authors: Haryatmoko Haryatmoko
Published: March 2019

This research focuses on how to comprehend cultural study scientifically.  In elaborating cultural studies, the main problem lies on digesting reality, which will not be simple. In addition, a certain construct of cultural studies emerges as well as its models of elaboration.  By using Gilles-Gaston Granger framework, on the relationship between the object of the study and human comprehension three models of explanation are explained. Those models are energetics, cybernetics, and semantics. The first two models are closer to natural science. These models also tend to be reductive and deterministic. The last model tends to be closer to cultural studies because it touches the actions of human, which needs to be interpreted.
PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER BANGSA DALAM PUISI “MALU (AKU) JADI ORANG INDONESIA” KARYA TAUFIQ ISMAIL
Authors: Kusumawati Aning Ayu
Published: March 2019

Object of discussion in this study is the Taufik Ismail's poem, which entitled “Malu (Aku) Jadi Orang Indonesia” (MAJOI). Core issues to be addressed in this study can be formulated as follows: the themes related to the value of the nation's main character education at work MAJOI Taufiq's poems and the work of key themes of character education in the nation's poetry Taufiq Ismail MAJOI. To answer the above formula researchers uses thematic studies. In reviewing the themes in the poetry MAJOI the researcher refers to the values of the nation's character issued by the Guidelines for Character Education, Ministry of National Education of Jakarta in 2011. This research finds fourteen social themes and two key themes, namely the collapse of morals and a sense of nationalism as well as patriotism.
PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA ANAK USIA 3 BULAN — 2 TAHUN (Studi Kasus pada Muhammad Zaini)
Authors: Rafiek M.
Published: March 2019

This study aims to describe and explain the first syllable and words or phrases spoken by Muhammad Zaini from the age of 3 months to 2 years of age. This study uses a longitudinal approach with observing and recording techniques. The theory used in this study is the theory of the language acquisition from Steinberg, Nagata, and Aline and Crystal. This research is also supported by theory of first utterance phases from Steinberg, Nagata, and Aline and Piaget. The researcher manages to find the first syllable acquired by Muhammad Zaini, namely ma [mل]. This study also found other syllables Muhammad Zaini obtained after the first syllable, i.e bah ‘father’, a ‘eat’, tah ‘vomit’, dah ‘finished, da ‘three’, dai ‘cake’, ti ‘extinguished’, and pu ‘lights’. After acquiring syllables, then later Muhammad Zaini obtain such word abah ‘father’, totot ‘baby bottle’, inah ‘which means no or do not’, lalai ‘do not’, emma ‘mother’, mother, kaka ‘brother’, I, edah ‘already’, atit ‘ill’, eka or keka  ‘open’, deda or kededa ‘no’, uah ‘fruit’, babah ‘sleep’, uka or kuka ‘open’, atu ‘ghost’, au ‘smell’, apu ‘light’ tutu ‘lid’, mau ‘want’, kukura ‘turtle’, ame ‘crowd’, auh ‘far’, dada ‘no’, manas ‘hot’, ngin ‘cold’ lalas ‘hard’, obiy ‘car’, babaluh ‘deep pool’, abis ‘end or finish’, aju ‘forward’, sawat ‘airplane’, and wak ‘fish’. In addition there are also phrases, namely abah...ku ‘my...father’, mama...ku ‘ my...mother’, kaka...ku ‘...my...brother’, sakit babarut ‘stomach ache’, ta api ‘train’, and mati puaw ‘die back or die again’.
KATA FATIS PENANDA KETIDAKSANTUNAN PRAGMATIK DALAM RANAH KELUARGA
Authors: Rahardi R. Kunjana , Setyaningsih Yuliana , Dewi Rishe Purnama
Published: March 2019

One of the pragmatic markers, which shows language impoliteness, is classified in phatic category. This research aims to analyze the phatic discourse particles serving as pragmatic markers of impoliteness. Therefore, the data in this research are the utterances containing phatic discourse markers showing linguistic impoliteness taken from the family of farmers, traders, fishermen, teachers, and noblemen. The data were gathered by employing the listening and speaking methods. The data gathering techniques are the recording and transcribing. The data are classified and analyzed using contextual method. This research indicates that there are 11 categories of phatic discourse markers showing pragmatic impoliteness. They are phatic markers of “kok”, “ah”, “hayo”, “mbok”, “lha”, “tak”, “huu”, “iih”, “woo”, “hei”, and “halah”. Every phatic category conveys a specific intention which is different from other phatic discourse markers.
PANTUN DAN PEPATAH-PETITIH MINANGKABAU BERLEKSIKON FLORA DAN FAUNA
Authors: Almos Rona , Pramono Pramono , Reniwati Reniwati
Published: March 2019

Pepatah-petitih is Minangkabau proverbs which contains advices and teachings from the elders. Every sentence found in Minangkabau proverbs contains the Minangkabau basic philosophy which is originally derived from the nature. The thought of Minangkabau people is based on natural phenomena. Minangkabau people learn from everyday life environment. Sometimes the Minangkabau proverbs are presented in form of poetry. Poetry is the most important kind of Minangkabau literature. It becomes a topic, kaba flowers, and ornate speech. Those poems and proverbs are Minangkabau traditional community knowledge (local genius) in the past. This article aims to describe the whole Minangkabau proverbs which contain the terms of flora and fauna and to explain the meaning of those proverbs. There are many terms of flora and fauna found in the proverbs of Minangkabau. The contents taught us in doing good, patience, pituah, perseverance, and truth. They contain rules and high values for the benefit of Minangkabau society.
TINJAUAN SEMIOTIK CULLER ATAS PUISI-PUISI ARAB SUFISTIS DALAM TEKS AL-TAṢAWWUF FI AL-SYI’R AL-‘ARABĪ KARYA ABD AL-H{AKĪM HASSĀN
Authors: Manshur Fadlil Munawwar
Published: March 2019

The object of this study is Sufism Arabic Poetry that contains the views, ideals, and religious ideology of teh Arab. Despite its contents, which mostly talk about social life and love, there is a tendency that those poems contain as well the social anxiety. The material object of this study is the poem entitled ‘Al-Taṣawwuf fi al-Syi’r al-‘Arabī (2003) by H{aki>m Hassan. This study employs Jonathan Culler’s Semiotic Theory, which says that a poem is not just a series of sentences but it is an expression of the author’s mind as his asserion attitude toward society. Poetry also talks about author’s message and commitment on humanity. This study concluded that the Arabic poetry of Sufism is about signs that tell people to live their life at their best because life is only temporary (transient). In the perspective of Culler’s semiotic theory, the author has expressed his view in the poem and confirms its position on human life. In addition, the author also composes some verses of mystical poetry in the thematic scheme that echoes teachings of kindness and benevolence.
SIKAP PENGARANG DALAM NOVEL PALAWIDJA KARYA KARIM HALIM DAN KEMBANG JEPUN KARYA REMY SILADO: SEBUAH BANDINGAN
Authors: Bahtiar Ahmad
Published: March 2019

This research aims at scrutinizing two novels, Palawidja by Karim Halim dan Kembang Jepun by Remy Sylado, by using the theory of literary sosiology to observe the point of views of each authors. Obviosly, they have different pictures on the situation in Indonesia during the Japanese occupation.  Remy Sylado, who wrote  after the Japanese occupation,  gives a more objective picture in his novels than Karim Halim, who live and wrote novels during the Japanese occupation, does. Palawidja is biased due to the fact that Karim Halim worked for Balai Pustaka, a publishing company under the control of the Japanese authority. Therefore, he supported the Japanese propaganda and could not give an objective picture of the condition in Indonesia at the time.
PERILAKU FONEM DALAM BAHASA ARAB DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP MAKNA
Authors: Khitam Achmad Khusnul
Published: March 2019

This research aims to study phoneme’s behaviour on Arabic words and to discover the relation between voice and its meaning. Phoneme, as the smallest contrastive linguistic unit, has a huge influence on bringing a change of meaning. The preference of certain phoneme on a word may produce certain meaning inside it. Therefore, a singel word with different phonemes produces different meaning. This research based on library research, a research proceed by gathering some facts from various books, articles, and other literatures related to the subject. This research combines semantical approach and phonological approach with analytic description method. This research finds that Arabic words use certain phoneme to express certain meaning; phonemes with heavy articulations are often used to express serious meanings, and phonemss with light articulations are often used to express trivial meanings. It is also found that phoneme articulation has many patterns, such as plosive articulation, nasal articulation, fricative articulation, trill, lateral, etc.
UNSUR INTRALINGUAL DAN EKSTRALINGUAL SEBAGAI PENANDA DAYA BAHASA DAN NILAI RASA BAHASA DALAM KESANTUNAN BERKOMUNIKASI
Authors: Pranowo Pranowo
Published: March 2019

This study aims to describe the formal elements of extra-lingual and intra-lingual and power of language and the language politeness. This study uses the pragma-semantic theory. Source of data of this research are several private television programs (Indonesia Lawyer Club, Sentilan-Sentilun), Tempo Magazine (Catatan Pinggir ), and the caricature of  Sindo Newspaper. The data are in the form of speeches and sentences, which contain extra-lingual and intra-lingual elements. The data analysis is performed by inventorying, classifying, identifying, and interpreting the data, based on the Pragma-semantic theory. The results are (1) forms of extra-lingual and intra-lingual elements are able to bring the power of language as power of criticism, the power of information, the power of banter, power of commands, and allure, (2) forms of extra-lingual and intra-lingual elements are able to bring the values of language, such as pleasure values, the respect values, and the happiness values.
Pandangan Pramoedya Terhadap Resistansi Perempuan dalam Novel Era Revolusi dan Reformasi
Authors: Ridwan Iwan , Widiasturi Aries , Yulianeta Yulianeta
Published: March 2019

A literary work reflects world vision of its writer, including the world of women. Pramoedya Ananta Toer participated to reveal the idealism of women’s resistance in revolution and reformation era through the characters of his story. Obtaining the world view of the writer toward women is important. This research aims to examine women’s resistance in the Revolution and Reformation era within 3 novels by Pramoedya Ananta Toer. This research uses qualitative method with content and sociological analysis model. The problems of the analysis are (1) the historic flaming in which Pramoedya Ananta Toer writes Larasati, MSBE, and PRdCM; and (2) world’s view of Pramoedya Ananta Toer toward women’s resistance in Larasati, MSBE, and PRdCM. To explain the world’s view of the writer, this research also applies Lucien Goldmann’s genetic structuralism. The objective of this research is to reveal the women’s resistance within three prominent characters who have fought in some different ways for justice in revolution and reformation era. This confirms that Pramoedya brings justice and gender equality in the world of women.
ANALISIS KALIMAT BERDASARKAN POLA KALIMAT DASAR DAN KALKULUS PREDIKAT
Authors: Liusti Siti Ainim
Published: March 2019

This study aims to analyze the sentences based on the basic sentence patterns of Indonesian and predicate calculus. These approaches put the predicate as a core component in the sentence structure. The object of study is focused on declarative sentences of Indonesian. The data analysis consists of several stages. Basic sentence patterns of Indonesian consist of identifying the type of sentences, identifying the elements forming sentences, and putting on elements which are based on basic sentence patterns of Indonesian. Predicate calculus consists of identifying atomic or compound propositions, determining the predicate and other components, defining a form of expression predicate calculus, and making a notation function. The results showed that the basic sentence pattern analysis only identifies the internal elements in a single sentence, while the predicate calculus can as well identifies the internal elements of a single or compound sentence.
Analysis of Accessing Rural Development Funds
Authors: Csata Andrea
Published: March 2019

The present study aims to analyse successful projects of the Romanian Rural Development Funds from different perspectives based on a county level. The framework of the analysis focuses on two periods: one before the accession, the 2002–2006 period of SAPARD applications, and the other one, the first period of the Rural Development Programme, more specifically, the period between 2007 and 2013. Results show that there is a positive correlation between applications and targeted areas based on infrastructure, tourism, and agriculture indicators. Findings also highlight that there is a positive correlation between the number of previous applications (SAPARD applications before the accession) and the grant size of current applications. Moreover, there is a negative correlation between the grant size of previous applications and the size of current applications. Cluster analysis revealed important social changes: on the one hand, the western counties of Romania (Bihor, Arad, Timiş, and Cluj) have strengthened their position, while other counties are lagging behind.
Italian Narratives of Oppositional Identity
Authors: Yamboliev Kalina
Published: March 2019

Drawing together scholarship on the late antique and medieval holy man, and modern theoretical work on affect and identity, this article seeks to analyze one method by which group identities in the Mediterranean region broadly, and in Italy specifically, have been defined trans-historically through rhetorical emphasis on the “invasion” of foreignized bodies. The discussion first focuses on late antique Near Eastern Passio texts commemorating Christians who faced persecution under Muslim Saracens, before then shifting to tenth- and eleventh-century southern Italy and Sicily, and to the corpus of Italo-Greek Vitae in which holy individuals regularly encountered the Saracen as a dangerous invader. Such discourses of opposition obscured the inter-reliance between populations, and reduced relations to inherited, primordial struggles, simultaneously shifting attention away from the heterogeneity of non-Muslim resident populations. A similar approach is pursued in modern Italian discourse on migrants, where a selective rhetoric of “invasion” forefront the risks posed by migrants in ways that create a sense of unity in an otherwise-fragmented nation. Urging academic dialogue that incorporates the pre-modern and modern, this article examines the construction of oppositional identity and explores how such narratives reveal collective fears amongst populations threatened by the destabilization of pre-established hierarchies.
Lipodystrophy-like features after total body irradiation among survivors of childhood acute leukemia
Authors: Visentin Sandrine , Michel Gérard , Oudin Claire , Cousin Béatrice , Gaborit Bénédicte , Abdesselam Inès , Maraninchi Marie , Nowicki Marion , Valéro René , Guye Maxime , Bernard Monique , Auquier Pascal , Chambost Hervé , Alessi Marie-Christine , Béliard Sophie
Published: March 2019

Background/objective

The number of long-term survivors of childhood acute leukemia (AL) is substantially growing. These patients are at high risk for metabolic syndrome (MS), especially those who received total body irradiation (TBI). The consequences of children’s irradiation on adipose tissue (AT) development in adulthood are currently unknown. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of TBI on AT of childhood AL survivors.

Design

We compared the morphological and functional characteristics of AT among survivors of childhood AL who developed MS and received (n = 12) or not received (n = 12) TBI.

Subjects/methods

Body fat distribution and ectopic fat stores (abdominal visceral and liver fat) were evaluated by DEXA, MRI and 1H-spectroscopy. Functional characteristics of subcutaneous AT were investigated by studying gene expression and pre-adipocyte differentiation in culture.

Results

Patients who have received TBI exhibited a lower BMI (minus 5 kg/m2) and a lower waist circumference (minus 14 cm), especially irradiated women. Despite the lower quantity of intra-abdominal AT, irradiated patient displayed a nearly two-fold greater content of liver fat when compared to non-irradiated patient (17 vs 9%, P = 0.008). These lipodystrophic-like features are supplemented by molecular abnormalities in subcutaneous AT of irradiated patients: decrease of gene expression of SREBP1 (minus 39%, P = 0.01) and CIDEA (minus 36%, P = 0.004) and a clear alteration of pre-adipocyte differentiation.

Conclusions

These results strongly support the direct effect of irradiation on AT, especially in women, leading to specific nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, despite lower BMI. A long-term appropriate follow-up is necessary for these patients.
Recensión: "Trabajadores de mayor edad en la política institucional de la Unión Europea"
Authors: De la Iglesia Aza Lidia
Published: March 2019

Estudio sobre el colectivo de trabajadores de mayor edad en la Unión Europea, evolución histórica, hitos políticos, situación actual y objetivos de futuro.Study of older workers collective in the European Union, historical evolution, political milestones, current situation and future objectives.
Constitución y ampliación de resguardos indígenas en Colombia. Una mirada al avance histórico y perspectivas de cumplimiento
Authors: Garzón Zabala Oscar Andrés
Published: March 2019

En este trabajo se propone realizar una revisión histórica de los avances en legalización de tierras a comunidades indígenas en Colombia, particularmente a partir de la conformación del INCODER (Instituto Colombiano de Desarrollo Rural), analizar las estrategias de planeación adelantadas durante el período de gobierno de Juan Manuel Santos para la constitución y ampliación de resguardos indígenas y reconocer algunas de las principales reivindicaciones de dichos actores étnicos; con ello se pretende tener un mayor acercamiento al conocimiento de las exigencias hechas por estas comunidades así como de los avances conseguidos en el marco de los acuerdos suscritos y de los compromisos que aún están pendientes por cumplir. La fragilidad del proceso y el incumplimiento de una serie de acuerdos pactados representan un medidor interesante para entender el proceso de construcción de acuerdos territoriales, así como una invitación para repensar las estrategias de diálogo y planeación con estas comunidades indígenas.
Small RNA-Seq Analysis Reveals miRNA Expression Dynamics Across Tissues in the Malaria Vector, Anopheles gambiae
Authors: Bryant William Bart , Mills Mary Katherine , Olson Bradley J S C , Michel Kristin
Published: March 2019

Malaria continues to be a major global health problem, where disease transmission is deeply linked to the repeated blood feeding nature of the anautogenous mosquito. Given the tight link between blood feeding and disease transmission, understanding basic biology behind mosquito physiology is a requirement for developing effective vector-borne disease control strategies. In the mosquito, numerous loss of function studies with notable phenotypes demonstrate microRNAs (miRNAs) play significant roles in mosquito physiology. While the field appreciates the importance of a handful of miRNAs, we still need global mosquito tissue miRNA transcriptome studies. To address this need, our goal was to determine the miRNA transcriptome for multiple tissues of the pre-vitellogenic mosquito. To this end, by using small RNA-Seq analysis, we determined miRNA transcriptomes in tissues critical for mosquito reproduction and immunity including (i) fat body-abdominal wall enriched tissues, (ii) midguts, (iii) ovaries, and (iv) remaining tissues comprised of the head and thorax. We found numerous examples of miRNAs exhibiting pan-tissue high- or low- expression, tissue exclusion, and tissue enrichment. We also updated and consolidated the miRNA catalog and provided a detailed genome architecture map for the malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae. This study aims to build a foundation for future research on how miRNAs and potentially other small RNAs regulate mosquito physiology as it relates to vector-borne disease transmission.
When Only Family Is Available to Interpret
Authors: Turnbull Jessica , Arenth Joshua , Payne Kate , Lantos John D. , Fanning Joseph
Published: March 2019

When caring for patients and families who do not speak English, medical interpreters are necessary. Sometimes, our patients’ families speak languages or dialects for which no in-person or video or phone interpreter can be found. If a family member is bilingual, the members of the medical team must make a difficult choice. Is it better to use a family member as translator or to not be able to communicate at all? In this article, we present the case of a critically ill patient with complicated pathophysiology whose family speaks a rare Guatemalan dialect for which no medical interpreters can be identified.
Energetic impact of preheating of fresh air in added convex window
Authors: Kerekes Attila
Published: March 2019

During the renovation of an existing building keeping the original window and installing an added convex window is beneficial for the reduction of heating energy demand, furthermore this solution is free of the disposal and/or recycling of demolition waste. The energy need for heating can be further reduced, if the natural ventilation of the premise is through the buffer zone of the added convex window. In this case the fresh air is pre-heated in the buffer zone, increasing the utilised passive solar gain of the building. Measurements were carried out on experimental huts for analysis of this impact. Dynamic simulations of the huts have been carried out as well. In this paper the results will be presented, which proves the energetic effect.
A short review of interpolation methods used
for terrain modeling
Authors: Gradka Robert , Kwinta Andrzej
Published: March 2019

The determination of landforms of the terrain depends on a number of procedures. In general,
all these procedures can be subdivided into two groups. The first group consists of measurement
activities related to obtaining real-life data. The second group comprises operations related to
the processing of results, in order to obtain the imaging. The measurements of the terrain and
its landforms are discrete. Cartographic images are continuous. In order to get a map of 3D
measurements, contours need to be interpolated. In this publication, four of the many interpolation methods were selected for presentation: Global Polynomial, Inverse Distance, Radial Basis
Function, and Kriging. The example of the measurement results for a syncline (a subsidence
trough) is used in order to illustrate the comparison between the modes of operation of particular methods.
Analysis of the correlation between socio-economic development and a number of planning decisions issued – evidence from Przecław municipality
Authors: Król Karol , Markulis Jarosław
Published: March 2019

The purpose of the present work is to show the relationship between socio-economic development and the number of planning decisions issued in Przecław municipality in 2010–2016. It
has been assumed that there is a greater interest in locating of construction investment projects
in those villages and village districts, which have well-developed infrastructure and a greater
number of service points for people and agriculture. It has been hypothesized that villages with
the largest number of planning decisions issued are characterized by a high rate of socio-economic development. The analysis was carried out using Hellwig’s method of taxonomic measure.
It was demonstrated that in 2010–2016 period, the level of socio-economic development of the
Przecław municipality was not correlated with the number of issued planning decisions (in the
adopted research model).
Endostatin and Oxaliplatin-Based Chemoradiotherapy for Inoperable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Results of a Phase II Study
Authors: Li Wenxin , Chen Peng , Zhang Ni , Song Tao , Wu Shixiu
Published: March 2019

Lessons Learned

Definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy based on oxaliplatin and endostatin was effective with the objective response rate exceeding 80%, and the treatment-related toxicities were acceptable. The treatment compliance of the current combination was much higher, without significant reduction in survival outcomes, than historical reports.

Background

This phase II trial aimed at assessing the efficiency and safety of definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) using oxaliplatin (OHP) and endostatin in patients with inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods

Radiotherapy was delivered with a daily fraction of 2.0 Gy to a total dose of 60.0 Gy over 6 weeks. Endostatin and OHP were both intravenously administered at doses of 7.5 mg/m2 daily for 2 weeks and 135 mg/m2 on day 1, respectively, every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR).

Results

The analysis included 37 patients. The median age was 63 years (range: 49–71 years), and all patients were stage III–IVA. Of these patients, 97.3% (36/37) completed the dCRT course with an ORR of 83.8%, including 10 (27.0%) patients with complete response and 21 (56.8%) patients with partial response. The median overall survival (OS) time was 18.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.6–26.4) with a 2-year OS rate of 39.6% (95% CI: 0.202–0.590). The median progression-free survival (PFS) time was 11.5 months (95% CI: 7.6–15.4) with a 2-year PFS rate of 20.2% (95% CI: 0.049–0.355). Grade 3 toxicities included esophagitis (five patients) and leukocytopenia (three patients). Grade 4 leukopenia was observed in one patient. Late toxicity was infrequent, and no treatment-related death occurred. Posttreatment dysphagia scores were significantly improved when compared with baseline (p < .001).

Conclusion

dCRT based on OHP and endostatin resulted in high treatment compliance with manageable toxicities. This combination resulted in encouraging ORR without compromising survival outcomes. It should be validated in future clinical studies.
Long-term mechanical properties and micro mechanism of magnesium oxychloride cement concrete
Authors: Chang Chenggong , Dong Jinmei , Xiao Xueying , Zheng Weixin , Wen Jing , Li Ying , Huang Qing , Man Yangyang
Published: March 2019

According to the C20 Portland cement concrete (PCC) batching standard, magnesium oxychloride cement concrete (MOCC) is made using bischofite from salt lakes and light-burned magnesium oxide as the main raw materials. In this work, the mechanical properties of MOCC (setting time and compressive and flexural strengths) were tested. The rules governing the phase composition and microstructure changes of the hydration products were analysed using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that MOCC solidifies rapidly, has high early compressive and flexural strengths and exhibits excellent long-term mechanical properties, far superior to those of the same grade of C20 PCC. The main phase at different curing times was found to be 5Mg(OH)2.MgCl2.8H2O (5.1.8). With hydration from 7 to 365 d, the amount of 5.1.8 fluctuated between 30% and 37% and the microscopic crystal morphology of the MOCC changed significantly. Importantly, fibre-like and rod-like crystals were observed to transform into their respective gel phases from 180 to 270 d. This phenomenon explains the fact that the content of 5.1.8 was the lowest but the mechanical strength of MOCC was the highest at 180 and 270 d. It was also confirmed that 5.1.8 gel is one of the main strength phases.
Review and latest insights into rock fall temporal variability associated with weather
Authors: Macciotta Renato
Published: March 2019

This paper presents a review of historical and latest insights into rock fall hazard temporal variability associated with weather. Reviewed research expands several locations around the world; however, focus has been on the recent advances in western Canada and from the author's experience. The recent research reviewed has provided new insights into the relationships between weather and rock fall occurrences and the recent focus on probabilistic approaches appears to be the way forward for rock fall hazard management. This paper also references some statistical tools for quantification of weather–rock fall relationships that allows better understanding of the stochastic nature of the phenomena. A decisive strength of how these methodologies are developing lies in the fact that adoption of probabilistic tools allows direct translation into rock fall hazard quantification that reflects its temporal variability. When coupled with weather forecasting, these tools can provide real-time forecasting of rock fall hazard. Moreover, some of these tools provide a way forward for forecasting the effects of climate change on rock fall hazards.
Prediction of footing settlements with geogrid reinforcement and eccentricity
Authors: Dal K. , Cansiz O. F. , Ornek M. , Turedi Y.
Published: March 2019

This study presents settlement predictions for footings with geogrid reinforcement and biaxial eccentricity using multi-linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural network (ANN) methods. The effects of central, uniaxial and biaxial eccentric loading conditions on embedded and non-embedded square footings in unreinforced and reinforced soils were investigated with laboratory model tests given in the first part of the study. Variations in the bearing capacity were determined through vertical load versus settlement curves drawn after each test. In the second part of this study, MLR and ANN models used to predict settlement were improved using independent variables related with the footings and geogrid. The results showed that fluctuations in the datasets of the settlement were very well reflected by the ANN methods.
Modelling stone columns under a soil–cement bed using an artificial neural network
Authors: Das Manita , Dey Ashim Kanti
Published: March 2019

The bulging effect of stone columns under a vertical load can be restricted by placing a stiff soil–cement compacted layer over the stone columns. The technique also improves the load-carrying capacity of the stone columns considerably. A series of laboratory experiments was conducted to obtain the load-carrying capacity of stone columns by varying parameters such as the thickness of the soil–cement bed, spacing between stone columns, length of stone columns and settlement due to loading to determine the bearing capacity. To avoid a complex interaction between the input variables, an artificial neural network model was adopted to predict the load-carrying capacity. The prediction efficiency of the model was found to be superior to that of a multi-variable regression model. Finally, a neural interpretation diagram was developed, from which the relative effect of an individual input parameter could be visualised.
A vajdasági magyar pedagógusok növényismerete
Authors: Borsos Éva
Published: March 2019

The phenomenon of plant blindness is more and more wildspread in the world. People do not know the name of plants in their environment and they do not want to get familiar with them. These are the consequences of the process that we spend very little time in nature. Nowadays it can be told not only about children but about the adult generations, too. To prevent this phenomenon, parents have to work together with schools and teachers.In our work we present a survey. During that teachers’ plant knowledge was tested. They had to recognise 60 plants. Pictures were collected to show plants in their natural conditions. Plants were grouped in six groups: vegetables, fruit, cereals, the trees of the park, the flowers of the garden and herbs. Only those plants participated in the survey that could naturally be found in their environment (Vajdaság, Szerbia).
Muş İlinde Bulunan Süt Sığırcılığı İşletmelerinin Bazı Yapısal Özelliklerinin Crostabb Analiziyle Belirlenmesi
Authors: BAKIR Galip , KİBAR Mustafa
Published: March 2019

Buna göre, işletmecilerin ortalama yaşı 44.21 yıl, hayvancılık yaptığı
süre 21.22 yıl, hanedeki birey sayısı 7.16 ve işletmede bulunan hayvan sayısı
ortalama 37.54 baş olarak belirlenmiştir. İşletmecilerin eğitim durumu
okuryazar olmayan %9.1, ilkokul %51.5, ortaokul %24.6, lise %13.5 ve üniversite
%1.5 şeklinde değişmektedir. Muş ilinin süt sığırcılığı için uygun olmadığını
bildiren işletmecilerin %58.8’i neden olarak “yem-ot pahalı+ mera az” sorununu
belirtmişlerdir. İşletmelerde bulunan melez ve kültür ırklarının oranları
sırasıyla %38.4 ve %7.5 şeklindedir. Melez ırklar içerisinde Simental (%40.4) ve
Simental-Esmer (%30.5) melezleri en fazla bulunmaktadır. İşletmelerde damızlık
temini kendi işletmesi (%37.4), pazar (%28.1) ve il dışı (%4.1) ile bunların kombinasyonlarından
oluşmaktadır. İl genelinde kültür ırkı oranı %7.5 iken, bu oran Hasköy
ilçesinde %41.2 ve Korkut’ta %54.2 olarak bulunmuştur. İşletmedeki sorunlar,
yemin pahalı olması, destek priminin az olması, kredi ve veteriner hizmeti şeklindedir.
İşletmecilerin beklentileri destek primlerinin artırılması ve damızlık hayvan
temininde yardım olarak belirlenmiştir. amacıyla
Muş İli ve 5 ilçesinde 346 işletme sahibiyle yüz yüze anket çalışması ile yapılmıştır.
bazı yapısal durumunu değerlendirmekBu araştırmada, süt sığırcılığı işletmelerinin
Saros Körfezi’ndeki (Kuzey Ege Denizi, Türkiye) Kupes Balığının (Boops boops Linnaeus, 1758) Üreme Zamanı ve Ağırlık-Boy İlişkisinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: CENGİZ Özgür , PARUĞ Şükrü Şenol , KIZILKAYA Bayram
Published: March 2019

Bu çalışma Ocak 2014-Aralık
2015 tarihleri arasında Saros Körfezi’nde yürütülmüştür. Türün üreme zamanı
gonadların aylık ağırlık değişimleri dikkate alınarak GSI (Gonadosomatik
indeks) = (Gonad Ağırlığı / Vücut ağırlığı - Gonad Ağırlığı) × 100
eşitliğinden, ağırlık-boy ilişkisi ise W
= aLb denklemi kullanılmak suretiyle elde edilmiştir. Üreme
zamanının Mart ve Mayıs ayları arasında olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Dişi
bireyler için ağırlık-boy ilişkisi W =
0.0085TL3.11, erkek bireyler için W = 0.0095TL3.07 olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Bazı Yonca Çeşitlerinin Erken Gelişme Dönemindeki Kuraklık Toleransının Belirlenmesi
Authors: ÖZKURT Mahir , SAYGILI İbrahim , ÖZDEMİR DİRİK Kübra
Published: March 2019

Kurak ve yarı kurak alanlarda yeterli çimlenmeyi kısıtlayan önemli
faktörlerinden biri su varlığının çok az olmasıdır. Sulama imkanının kısıtlı
olduğu bölgelerde daha uygun genotiplerin kullanılması iyi bir çıkışın ön
şartıdır. Bu araştırma, Türkiye’de yetiştiriciliği yapılan bazı yonca
çeşitlerinin erken dönem kuraklık stresine toleransını belirlemek amacıyla
yapılmıştır. Araştırmada on sekiz yonca çeşidi petri kaplarında polietilenglikol
6000 kullanılarak oluşturulan farklı konsantrasyonlarda (-3 bar ve -6 bar)
erken kuraklık stresine tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmanın 7. gününde çimlenme
oranı, kök uzunluğu, vigor indeksi, çimlenme hızı ve çimlenme indeksi
belirlenmiştir. Artan kuraklık stresi fide gelişimini önemli derecede
kısıtlamıştır. Çimlenme oranları kontrole göre -3 bar kuraklık stresinde %9.9,
-6 bar kuraklık stresinde %88.6 oranında azalmıştır. İncelenen çeşitler
arasında Sabrina, Elçi ve Frigos çeşitlerinin çimlenme oranlarına göre erken
gelişme döneminde kuraklık stresine toleranslı olduğu, Magna 601, Victoria ve
Sunter çeşitlerinin ise kuraklık stresine toleranslı olmadığı belirlenmiştir.
İncelenen bütün karakterler dikkate alındığında Sabrina kuraklığa en toleranslı
çeşit olarak değerlendirilebilir. Sulama ve kısıtlı sulama problemi olan
bölgeler için tavsiye edilebilecek bu çeşidin, sulama sıkıntısı olan bölgelerde
tarla denemelerine dahil edilmesi, bu bölgelerde yonca üretimini
geliştirilmesine katkı sağlayacaktır.
Polonistyczne językoznawstwo glottodydaktyczne – stan obecny i perspektywy rozwoju
Authors: Grochala Beata
Published: March 2019

W części pierwszej artykułu zdefiniowano glottodydaktykę polonistyczną jako naukę, wskazano na jej subdyscypliny, wśród których szczególnie przyjrzano się polonistycznemu językoznawstwu glottodydaktycznemu. Wskazano także na perspektywy rozwoju tej gałęzi nauczania języka polskiego jako obcego tak w aspekcie teoretycznym, jak i naukowym. Część druga stanowi omówienie treści zawartych w niniejszym tomie czasopisma.
Powiedz mi, co jesz, a powiem ci, kim jesteś – o kulinariach w Słowenii
Authors: Wacławek Maria , Wtorkowska Maria
Published: March 2019

Kulinaria są ważnym składnikiem każdej kultury narodowej. Tekst ma na celu przybliżenie językowo-kulturowego obrazu słoweńskich kulinariów w perspektywie heterostereotypowej, widzianego oczyma Polaków. W analizie wykorzystano kategorie operacyjne wypracowane przez lubelską szkołę etnolingwistyczną i jej kontynuatorów z całej Polski. Bazę materiałową artykułu stanowią dane ankietowe. Wyróżniono i opisano dwa kręgi tematyczne, które współtworzą rekonstruowany obraz słoweńskich kulinariów: 1) ogólna charakterystyka kuchni w Słowenii, 2) konkretne dania, składniki, napoje itp. Tak ujęte badania językowego obrazu świata włączają się w dyskurs o tożsamości kulinarnej, będącej jednym z istotnych czynników wpływających na odrębność kulturową danej wspólnoty. Słownictwo z zakresu kulinariów, zwłaszcza uwarunkowane kulturowo, powinno więc znaleźć swoje miejsce w procesie glottodydaktycznym.
Ekwiwalencja pozycyjna konstrukcji składniowych w teorii i praktyce glottodydaktycznej
Authors: Gębka-Wolak Małgorzata
Published: March 2019

Przedmiotem opisu w artykule jest zagadnienie alternatywnej łączliwości jednostek leksykalnych. Zjawisko to, nazywane w tekście ekwiwalencją pozycyjną, widziane jest z perspektywy nauczania języka polskiego jako obcego. Artykuł składa się z dwóch części. Najpierw zapoznano czytelnika z przyjętym rozumieniem ekwiwalencji pozycyjnej. Następnie przedstawiono uwagi dotyczące zakresu i jakości prezentacji zagadnienia ekwiwalencji pozycyjnej w praktyce glottodydaktycznej. Analiza materiałów do nauczanie jpjo prowadzi do wniosku, że w ramach glottodydaktyki polonistycznej istnieje potrzeba usystematyzowania i uwspółcześnienia opisów dyspozycji składniowych jednostek leksykalnych w powiązaniu z ich funkcją w ramach komunikacji i przynależnością do stylistycznej odmiany polszczyzny. Równocześnie należałoby zadbać o wzbogacenie typów ćwiczeń kształcących aktywną znajomość alternatywnej łączliwości składniowej, przede wszystkim przez dodanie zadań kształcących umiejętność dobierania wariantu składniowego do sytuacji komunikacyjnej.
Piosenka pomoże na wiele, czyli o alternatywnych sposobach kształtowania kompetencji gramatycznej
Authors: Kaźmierczak Paulina
Published: March 2019

Artykuł porusza kwestię wykorzystywania piosenek na lekcjach jpjo jako realizację strategii ludycznej. Przedstawia sposoby wprowadzania pracy z tego rodzaju materiałem dydaktycznym w zakresie zagadnień gramatycznych. Prezentuje przykładowe zadania pozwalające doskonalić umiejętności językowe studentów. Dowodzi, że piosenka popularna jest stałym elementem otoczenia, a tym samym uniwersalnym narzędziem nauczania.