bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disability and denied equality
Authors: Muthulekshmi B , Ajith Karthika , Nair Beena S
Published: August 2022

Literature of all genres and ages includes elements of ableism. Several literary voices advocate for people with disabilities and question society’s definition of “normal”. The article studies the treatment of various disabled people across platforms such as entertainment, literature and social interactions, despite their accomplishments. The rights of people with disabilities are often denied in society, and their fight for survival still exists. Like Helen Keller, there are many disabled people facing both mental and physical hardships. A person with a disability can be remarkably talented and can lead a remarkable life despite incredible hardships. Social barriers, however, are more difficult to overcome than the impairment itself. If we are able to judge a person based on our human instincts, the world would be a better place that is suitable for both the abled and disabled.
Socio-clinical profile of women receiving comprehensive abortion care
Authors: Pradhan Sharmila , Pradhan Pranati , Soren Mamata , Dash Susovita , Murmu Mangal Charan
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Comprehensive abortion care (CAC)is an intervention proven to prevent maternal death or injury. Disrupted health systems, limited contraception, and a higher instance of sexual violence cause an increase in the number of unintended pregnancies and demand for safe abortion. One of the leading causes of maternal mortality and morbidity is unsafe abortion. 8% of the maternal mortality is contributed by unsafe abortion.  Aim & Objective: To identify reasons for seeking CAC services, socio-clinical profile of its users, its effectiveness, acceptance at the level of users and complication.  Observation: 65% of patient were educated & were lying between 9th standard to 12th class. Only 0.4% was illiterate among the women receiving CAC. Mean age of patient receiving CAC was 29 years. 25.9% underwent medical method of abortion; maximum patients 46.9% patients did not receive any contraception. 73.8% of patients underwent abortion without complication.   Conclusion: Post-abortion care is an opportunity for healthcare professionals to provide education, discuss fertility needs and the need for contraception with women seeking abortion so that appropriate decisions can be taken for suitable family planning.
Pulmonary tuberculosis presenting as cystic disease/abscess
Authors: Sekar Krithikaa , Rajinikanth Suba , Munavarah Sithi Athiya , Shaweez Fathima S , Akhila Kalyani A , Nandini D , Subashini P , Natarajan V , Jacqueline L
Published: August 2022

There was a 19% increase in year 2021 when compared to 2020 in TB patients’ notification in India, even though TB notifications noted around the period corresponding to India’s two major COVID-19 waves showed a brief decline, the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) managed to reclaim the lost numbers. Cystic changes of the soft tissue and chest wall associated with pulmonary tuberculosis is rarely diagnosed and reported, and only few patients were diagnosed based only on the radiological and histopathological findings. Herewith, we report the microbiological, histopathological, computed tomographic, ultrasound and clinical findings of cystic change in pulmonary tuberculosis in an immunocompetent 18-year-old male who presented with pain in the Chest and swelling in the left infra mammary region for a short duration of one month. The lesion regressed and patient showed clinical improvement following Anti-tuberculous therapy treatment initiation after linking the patient with NIKSHAY system and is currently under ATT.
Challenges to social and legal health in achieving sustainable development goals
Authors: Pandey Neeti
Published: August 2022

In 1987, the United Nations Brundt land Commission defined sustainability as “meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” United Nation Sustainable Development goals provide a basis to develop an agenda for methodical development across different domains and territory. This research paper dwells into the development parameters mentioned as mentioned by UN through SDGs and tracks India’s preparedness to deal with the challenges put forth in achieving sustainable development in India. As we are all aware the economic growth has come with its own pitfalls which are essentially evident in forms of economic disparity, climate change, urban rural divide, access to health services etc. It is essential that economic development is not limited to few sectors or few regions but should be a comprehensive economic development uplifting all stratas of society and making positive difference to everyone’s life irrespective of gender, state or society, while minimizing the impact on the climate.
Health and well-being of adolescent mothers and mortality status of infants in India
Authors: Das Priya , Gautam Upma , Tewari Deeksha Bajpai
Published: August 2022

Marriage is the socially sanctioned union involving two or more individuals for procreation. The State has been particularly interested in the age of marriage of girls. In the Vedic period, girls were married at 16 years or above. Age of marriage or the nuptial age has always remained a contentious issue in India. The age at marriage which was pegged at 14 and 18 years for females and males respectively (Child Marriage Restraint Act 1929), has been continually revised and increased over time. The age of marriage for females has been increased from 14 to 15 (1949 Amendment) and then 18 years (1978 Amendment) to delay the incidence of early marriage. The Prohibition of Child Marriage (Amendment) Bill 2021 proposes increasing the age of marriage for females from 18 to 21 years to bring about gender equality in marriageable age for men and women, lower the incidence of teenage pregnancy, infant and maternal mortality rate, and to improve nutritional levels and sex ratio (The Prohibition of Child Marriage (Amendment) Bill 2021). The health and well-being of adolescent mothers are further exacerbated by the contradictions in the interplay of laws.
Comparison of quality of working life of anesthesia assistants of COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 intensive care units
Authors: Shamsi Afzal , Hashim Zainab , Rahimi Mojgan , Twayess Mushtaq
Published: August 2022

Background: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has exposed Anesthesia Assistants, "an essential and active group involved in the treatment and care of these patients, to a lot of stress that may affect their quality of working life. The aim of this study is to determine and understand the quality of life among anaesthesia assistants, who are coping with COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 intensive care units".Method: This cross-sectional study enrolled 1,100 Anesthesia Assistants of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 intensive care working at the time of the COVID-19 outbreak in treatment centers in different regions of Iraq. "This study used the convenience sampling strategy. Data were collected using an interview questionnaire from anaesthesia assistants. The stepwise multiple linear regression models were used to examine the relationships among self-reported worrying regarding COVID-19 and SF-36 quality of life, its components, and subscales. Partial R was used as an estimate of effect size".Result: The mean SF-36 score was 65.2 (SD=17.6). "The mean score of the mental component summary (MCS) (M=56.8, SD=22.3) was lower than the mean score of the physical component summary (PCS) (M=69.5, SD=16.5)". The mean score of COVID-19 anxiety was 17.8 (SD=10.5).
Potential effects of Alpha lipoic acid on behavioral alteration and glutamate accumulation during d-gal-induced brain aging in male rats
Authors: Al-Hasnawi Haider , Albazi Wefak , Altaee Raeed
Published: August 2022

Background: Alpha lipoic acid has both hydrophilic and hydrophobic characteristics and is abundantly distributed in cellular membranes and the cytoplasm. It is among the top cell- protective antioxidants. Material and methods :   The present work investigated the possible therapeutic effects of alpha lipoic acid in a male rat model of brain aging induced by D-galactose. Four equal-sized groups of 40 male rats were randomly assigned: G1, the control group, G2, and G3, which each received daily doses of 200 mg/kg of D-gal for 30 days. Alpha lipoic acid was given orally for 30 days to the G4 D-gal + alpha lipoic acid group at 200 mg/kg bw, IP. daily with 100 mg/kg. thirty days of IP. Glutamate is deposited in the brain, according to research on behavioral alterations and brain glutamate. Indicators of oxidative stress are increased Our Results show that whereas brain glutamate deposition declines in the D-gal model of aging, the Forced Swimming Test (FST) and Morris Water Maze Test considerably rise (MWM).
Efficacy of Tomato powder meal in modulating the oxidative stress induced by aflatoxin exposures in broilers
Authors: Jahil Amjad Abdul-Hassan , Kadhim Latif Ibrahim , Abid Ali Redha , Hamza Amna Mohammed
Published: August 2022

Objective: Due to the importance of poultry production, the purpose of the study are to show the efficacy of Tomatopowderin alleviating the deleterious effects of aflatoxin in broilers and modulating the oxidative stress. Methods:One hundred one-day-old fattening chicks (Ross 308) were used in the present work which lasted for 35 days and aflatoxin administration  lasted for 28 days. In the control condition, birds were randomly distributed  into 5 groups, 20 birds for each group as following for 35 days: (G1)20 chicksfed basal diet control negative(CON),(G2) 20 chicksfed basal diet + aflatoxin (30 ppb) (AF) control positiv,(G3) 20 chickstreated withaflatoxin (30 ppb) + mycofix 3 plus(AF+M),(G4) 20 chickstreated withaflatoxin (30 ppb) +Tomato powder  %1(AF+TP),(G5) 20 chicksfed basal diet +Tomato powder %1(TB). Results:A significant increased (P˂0.05) in the concentration of (Gpx) and (SOD) in the fourth group (AF&TP) compared to the second group (AF) In addition, the results showed a significant decreased (P˂0.05) in the concentration (MDA) in the fourth group (AF&TP) compared to the second group (AF)at day 28. While at day 35 showed a significant increased (P˂0.05) in the concentration of (Gpx) in the fourth group (AF&TP) compared to the second group (AF).
Pharmacological treatment of acute Gout attacks
Authors: Madhi Zaid Saad , Mehsen Jameel Tahseen , Jaber Karrar Abdul Sattar
Published: August 2022

Gout is an inflammatory condition of the joints caused by deposition of crystallized monosodium urate (MSU) in the joint which leads to Arthritis. there are many debates about the suitable pharmacological therapy for the acute inflammatory gout attacks. The Pharmacological treatment included colchicine, non steroidal anti- inflammatory (NASIDS) and corticosteroid injection. The aim of this study is to review the evidences which studied the effect of Colchicine, NASID and corticosteroid injections and discuss their effectiveness in treating the acute flares of Gout. After evaluation the validity of the latest best evidences presented in the database by using the AMSTAR tool. There was no best drug and no optimal dose identified in treating acute Gout attacks. Doctors should be careful in selecting the treatment considering the side effect of each medication and deal with each patient individually to provide the best health care.
Histological study of L-carnitine effect against acute hepatotoxicity after cytarabine chemotherapy in male rats
Authors: Majed Marwa Sabah , Hassan Mayada S. , Mousa Rana F. , Hassan Mahdi S. , Alzaidi Omar H. , Al-Sabbagh Juman Khaleel , Al-Khafaji Nawras M.
Published: August 2022

Hepatotoxicity is a common clinical manifestation associated with a wide range of anticancer therapies. Because of the inherent toxicity of anticancer therapies, oncologists must maintain a broad understanding of their effects on the body, including the liver. Therefore, the study was conducted to examine the effects of two doses of L-carnitine on damaged liver as a result of giving cytarabine. Twenty-four male rats were used in the experiment. The rats divided to four group each group with six rats,the first group injected normal saline intraperitoneally and set as control group(G1), the second group injected cytarabine 25 mg/kg/bw, intraperitoneally and set as (G2), the third group injected cytarabine 25 mg/kg/bw and 50 mg/kg/bw, L-carnitine intraperitoneally and set as (G3), the fourth group injected cytarabine 25 mg/kg/bw and 300 mg/kg/bw, L-carnitine intraperitoneally and set as (G4), the study showed that use of L-carnitine reduced the harmful effect of cytarabine in the body when compared to other groups that were injected only with cytarabine at level of (p-value <0.05).The rats treated with L-carnitine have shown significant elevation in CAT and SOD and reduction of the level of MDA.
Cutaneous manifestations Of COVID-19
Authors: Bhati Surendra Singh , Pandey Pooja , Patel Siddhi , Chauhan Shivali , Khanapara                                                                               Khanapara Viraj
Published: August 2022

The coronavirus 2019(COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), has had enormous health, economic, and social consequences. Cutaneous manifestations associated with COVID-19 probably reflect the activation of pathogenic pathways by the virus or a response to inflammatory processes, vascular or systemic complications, or even treatments. There is no previous detailed classification or description of the cutaneous manifestations of COVID‐19. This information may prove useful to manage patients and to recognize paucisymptomatic patients and might provide prognostic information. The recognition of paucisymptomatic patients could also be helpful for epidemiological control, especially in areas where diagnostic tests are scarce. This is a cross-sectional study among the COVID positive patients admitted in Index Medical College Hospital and Research Centre (Tertiary Care Centre) Indore from 1st May 2020 – 30th November 2020. Considered initially as of little relevance, the dermatological manifestations observed in patients with COVID-19 are both heterogeneous and complex. 5 main categories of lesions identified; vesicular rashes, urticarial rashes, acral lesions, maculopapular rashes and livedoid & necrotic lesions.
Influence of Al2O3/NbO2 Nanostructures on Optical Properties of PVA/PVP Blend for Biomedical Application
Authors: Obaid Sroor Fadhil , Kadhim Raheem G.
Published: August 2022

In this research, the optical and structural properties of nanocomposites (PVA-PVP-Al2O3-NbO2), as well as antibacterial activity, were studied. The optical properties of nanocomposites (PVA-PVP-Al2O3-NbO2) were studied in the wavelength ranging from (220-820) nm. The FTIR spectra showed a shift in the position of the peak in addition to the change in shape and intensity, in comparison to (PVA-PVP) films that are completely pure and this indicates the corresponding vibrations of polymers, corundum nanoparticles, and niobium oxide, and it was observed that there was a decrease in transmittance when the proportion of corundum nanoparticles and niobium oxide was increased. The optical microscopy images showed that the nano-alluminium and nano-niobium oxide are homogeneously distributed in the polymeric mixture. Experimental results showed that an increase in the weight percentage of aluminum oxide particles leads to increases in the absorption (A), the absorption coefficient (α), the refractive index (n), damping coefficient (k), the real and imaginary dielectric constants and the optical conductivity for the (PVA-PVP) mixture. While the energy gap of the PVA-PVP mixture decreased when the quantities of corundum nanoparticles increase and nibium oxide nanoparticles.
usefulness of MRI in olfactory bulb volumetric studies in chronic nasal obstruction
Authors: Mahal Hind Obaid , Abedtwfeq Raad Hefdhi
Published: August 2022

Background: A lack of smell (anosmia) is one of the most prevalent symptoms of persistent nasal obstruction. The olfactory bulb (OB) is a pliable structure with many active afferent neurons, and its size is regulated by the stimulus. Patients with persistent nasal blockage for more than 6 months without prior intervention were included in this research. Volumetric analysis of their olfactory bulb was done using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and three-dimensional imaging. The volume was calculated for them and compared with the control group that had no nasal problems.The study group's age ranged from 18 to 66 years, with a mean of 38.6 and an SD of 13.3.It was discovered that the mean olfactory bulb volume was significantly lower in patients than controls (23.48 vs 44.48 mm3, P=0.001), and that the mean olfactory bulb volume was significantly lower in patients aged 40 years or older than those without polyposis (P=0.019).There is a slight negative connection between symptom duration and olfactory bulb volume (r= - 0.28, P= 0.03). Also, there is a modest negative connection between symptom severity score and olfactory bulb volume (r=-0.328, P=0.01).
Measuring the levels of plastic particulates pollution in the city of Mosul
Authors: Al-Sarraj Fatima M. S. , Al-Ahmady Kossay K.
Published: August 2022

The current study aimed to investigate the present of microplastic particles (MPs) for tap water in 18 sites in Mosul city. The filtration results of tap water samples showed that the concentrations of microplastic particles varied from 54.5 particles/liter to 156.5 particles/liter and an average of 105.5 particles/liter. Located on the right banks / the city of Mosul. Microscopic examination revealed the presence of microplastic particles in all tap water samples in different shapes, as the vast majority were in the form of single fibers and some of them were in the form of intertwined fibers or pieces, of different sizes and colors.
EFECTOS DE LA BRAQUITERAPIA SOBRE LA CALIDAD DE VIDA Y LA FUNCIONALIDAD EN EL TRATAMIENTO DEL CÁNCER DE CUELLO UTERINO
Authors: de Freitas Corpes Erilaine , dos Anjos Gonçalves Gerciane , Caroline Andrade Oliveira Ana , da Silva Pacífico Viviane , Christina Moura Barbosa Castro Régia , Cesar de Almeida Paulo , Marques Barbosa Isadora
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de la braquiterapia sobre la funcionalidad y la calidad de vida de mujeres con cáncer de cuello uterino.

Método: estudio transversal y descriptivo realizado entre diciembre de 2019 y febrero de 2020 con 33 mujeres con neoplasia uterina en tratamiento de braquiterapia, monitoreadas en el Centro Oncológico do Nordeste - Brasil. Se aplicó el instrumento Funtional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – Cervix Cancer. Se compararon las medias de las subescalas y se analizó la correlación entre ellas por medio de las pruebas ANOVA y t de Student.

Resultados: se evidenciaron requerimientos centrados en la autoimagen, la sexualidad y las quejas urinarias. La media de preocupaciones adicionales fue menor en los grupos etarios de 31 a 49 años (p=0.004) y de 60 a 75 (p=0.002).

Conclusión: abordar cuestiones relacionadas con la sexualidad y las molestias urinarias contribuyen a la identificación precoz de los síntomas causados por la braquiterapia, así como a la implementación de medidas, proporcionando calidad de vida a la paciente.
Border Deaths as Forced Disappearances: Frantz Fanon and the Outlines of a Critical Phenomenology
Authors: Gündoğdu Ayten
Published: August 2022

This article aims to examine the racialized forms of violence enacted by contemporary border regimes by rethinking border deaths as “forced disappearances." Although “forced disappearance” is often associated with military dictatorships, I extend it to border control policies that push migrants beyond the pale of the law, make it difficult to find out about their fates or whereabouts, and render their lives disposable. In thinking about border deaths as forced disappearances, I move beyond the strictly juridical meaning of this term and foreground its phenomenological resonances to inquire into the conditions of appearance and disappearance, including the social structures, normative orders, and representational frameworks that make and unmake one’s relations to the world and other living beings. To undertake such an inquiry, I engage with Frantz Fanon's works and examine how borders establish racialized partitions among both the living and the dead. The analysis highlights how certain elements of colonialism—spatial compartmentalization, racial immobilization, routinized violence, legalized lawlessness—reappear within border governance. It also points to the crucial role that law plays in legitimizing racialized state violence in border control.
Midiatização e espetacularização da política brasileira: análise do impeachment da presidenta Dilma Rouseff
Authors: Pires Paulo Vitor Giraldi , Cardoso Sidney Marques
Published: August 2022

Este artigo analisa, a partir de uma perspectiva teórica, a midiatização e espetacularização no processo de Impeachment da ex-presidenta Dilma Roussef, discutindo conceitos como mídia e espetáculo; e tendo como base autores como Albino Rubim (2004), Guy Debord (1967), Otília Arantes (2000), Eduardo Subirats (1989), Marschall McLuhan (1962) e Afonso de Albuquerque (1999).  O objetivo é compreender como os meios de comunicação influenciam na mobilização social e de que maneira se constrói o espetáculo em um ato político. A política tem característica de mobilização popular, quando se trata de atuar no âmbito midiático.  Os resultados deste estudo alertam que a desinformação e a espetacularização da política tornam-se uma estratégia belicosa para destruição do Estado de Direito, democrático e do bem-viver.
A responsabilidade e ética do profissional contábil: um desafio em época de pandemia
Authors: Dantas Gerlandia Carvalho , Dos Santos Kelly Cristina Bezerra , Almeida Cassio Rodrigo da Costa , Valdevino Rosângela Queiroz Souza , De Oliveira Adriana Martins
Published: August 2022

O Artigo trata sobre a temática A Responsabilidade e Ética na contabilidade no período pandêmico. Em meio à Pandemia covid-19, as empresas e os profissionais contábeis tiveram que se adaptar ao novo sistema de trabalho em home-office sem contatos diretos com seus clientes. Diante isso, o profissional contábil com sua ética, profissionalismo e responsabilidade se adaptou a nova realidade mesmo enfrentando desafios. Nesse sentindo, o objetivo geral dá pesquisa foi identificar a responsabilidade e ética do profissional contábil e o grau de entendimento dos contadores com relação ao código de ética da classe, objetivando a responsabilidade que ocorre no trabalho do profissional contábil, evidenciando no momento atual que presenciamos durante a pandemia. O Método adotado foi de natureza descritiva quantitativa, foi elaborado um questionário dirigido aos profissionais contábeis durante a pandemia no período de outubro a dezembro de 2020 na cidade de Mossoró/RN.
Co-infection of COVID-19 and Monkeypox: A Case Report from Florida, USA, 2022
Authors: W Knopp Brandon
Published: August 2022

Monkeypox is a re-emerging zoonotic disease of the orthopoxvirus genus presenting with myocutaneous symptoms similar to those caused by smallpox. Patients infected with monkeypox may experience a prodromal period with flulike symptoms lasting between 1-4 days, an asymptomatic incubation period lasting 7-17 days and a symptomatic rash period lasting 14-28 days between the appearance of widespread vesiculopapular lesions and desquamation. Specific risk factors for the current monkeypox outbreak include HIV infection, prior STI infection, male sex, young-adult age (specifically being in the 20’s-30’s age group), engaging in risky behaviors (such as unprotected sex) and men having sex with other men. We report the case of a 38-year old HIV+ patient testing positive for monkeypox, COVID-19 and herpes who presented to the emergency department with widespread vesiculopapular lesions. One week prior to ED presentation, the patient experienced flu-like symptoms including fever and, two days later, developed a vesiculopapular rash beginning on his face and spreading downwards to his extremities, trunk and genitalia. The flu-like symptoms developed twelve days after attending an event where the patient reported having sex with multiple other men. The patient was treated with intravenous fluids and supportive care alongside his HIV medications. Nine days after initial ED presentation, all skin lesions were desquamated and the patient was discharged from the hospital. To our knowledge, this is one of the first reported cases of co-infection with COVID-19 and monkeypox in Florida and the United States more broadly. Despite our patient’s several risk factors for monkeypox infection, and immunosuppressed status, he experienced an uncomplicated clinical course. As vaccination and antiviral treatments become more available for monkeypox patients, our case suggests supportive care with airborne and contact precautions may be adequate in the treatment of future monkeypox patients where these treatments are unavailable.
Bitcoin Price Prediction Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amity School of Engineering and Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, India, Ibrahim S. K. , Singh Pawan ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amity School of Engineering and Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, India
Published: August 2022

This paper discusses, trying to accurately assess the price of Bitcoin by looking at different parameters affects the value of Bitcoin. In our work, we focus on understanding and seeing the evolution of Bitcoin daily market, a1 and gaining intuition in the most relevant aspects surrounding the Bitcoin price. In the meantime, market capitalization of publicly traded cryptocurrencies exceeds $ 230 billion. The most important cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, is used primarily as a digital value store, and its pricing opportunities have been extensively considered. These features are described in more detail in the following paragraph: details of the main Bitcoin, as described in the paper. Bitcoin is the most expensive digital currency in the market. However, Bitcoin prices have been highly volatile, making it difficult to forecast. As a result, the goal of this research is to find the most efficient and accurate model for predicting Bitcoin prices using various machine learning algorithms. Several regression models with scikit-learn and Keras libraries were tested using 1-minute interval trading data from the Bitcoin exchange website bit stamp from January 1. 2012 to January 8, 2018. The best results showed a Mean Squared Error (MSE) as low as 0.00002 and an R- Square (R2) as high as 99.2 percent.
Allergies and Asthma in a Warming World: A Threat to Public Health
Authors: R. Norris Matthew , Bielory Leonard
Published: August 2022

The prevalence of allergic diseases has risen in industrialized countries over the past 50 years.(Arbes, Gergen, Elliott, & Zeldin, 2005; Meng, Nagarajan, Son, Koutsoupias, & Bielory, 2016) Likewise, pollen counts have risen over the same period of time and are predicted to continue rising.(Zhang, Bielory, Cai, Mi, & Georgopoulos, 2015; Zhang, Bielory, Mi, et al., 2015) This is not only problematic for the millions of people who suffer from seasonal allergies affecting the eyes and upper airways (nose, sinuses, and eustachian tubes) but also for those who suffer from lower inflammatory respiratory disorders (e.g. asthma). A significant factor contributing to this observation has been climate change. Sensitivity to seasonal aeroallergens (i.e. pollen) has frequently been used to study the relationship between pollution, climate change, and allergic inflammatory respiratory disorders (e.g. rhinitis and asthma) (D'Amato et al., 2015).
The Impacts of Colonization on the Inequities of Smoking During Pregnancy in Aotearoa
Authors: Zane John Williams Logan
Published: August 2022

Smoking during pregnancy is one of the most common preventable causes of pregnancy complications and remains a significant health issue worldwide (Glover, Nosa, Watson, & Paynter, 2010). Maternal smoking increases the risk of infant mortality (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016), stillbirth, intrauterine growth restriction (Rodriguez-Thompson, 2018), and preterm birth (Pollack, Lantz, & Frohna, 2000). Children born to mothers who smoked during pregnancy are at increased risk of sudden unexplained infant death (SUID) (Anderson et al., 2019), respiratory disorders (Braillon, Bewlet, & Dubois, 2010), obesity (Oken, Levitan, & Gillman, 2008), and poor neurodevelopment (Cornelius & Day, 2009). Moreover, smoking during pregnancy has been associated with adulthood obesity, metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease (Humphrey, Rossen, Walker, & Bullen, 2016).
Placing Youth at the Forefront of Tackling Non-Communicable Diseases: An Op-Ed Piece
Authors: Sagar Sheeba , Chakraborty Stuti , Patil Poorvaprabha
Published: August 2022

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is an umbrella term used to describe a cluster of diseases constituting of Cardiovascular and Chronic Respiratory complications, Cancer, Diabetes and Mental Health conditions. The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates that nearly 71% of all deaths worldwide (41 million people) can be attributed to inadequate and untimely intervention for Non-communicable diseases. Out of the 41 million people affected, the most vulnerable groups placed at the epicentre to face the repercussions of the growing impacts of NCDs are children, young people, people of lower socio-economic status (SES) and those belonging to lower and lower-middle income countries (LMICs). We call for policies to be more youth-inclusive and suggest further recommendations to incorporate youth voices and interventions to combat the global burden of NCDs as young people constitute of a major demographic widely affected by NCDs yet remain underrepresented in their say on tackling NCDs across local, regional, national and global levels.
Natural Language Generation and Creative Writing A Systematic Review
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering  IT, The British University in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, Alsharhan Abdulla
Published: August 2022

Among studies on natural language generation (NLG), computational creativity, and human-computer interaction; there is a vision of witnessing these tools collaborating with humans in generating and authoring creative content. This study aims to systematically review published studies discussing creative writing and story generation during the period of 2016-2021. This work seeks to identify the primary research methods used in NLG and creative writing studies, to locate how these studies are distributed geographically, and finally, to classify the subfields or common keywords primarily used in NLG involving creative writing. The findings suggest that experiment studies and problem-solving were the most common research methods in NLG and creative writing. Major identified themes in the reviewed articles include story generation, language models, and co-creativity, along with some gaps in foreign language translation and humour generation studies. The majority of the studies suggest that NLG tasks had a positive impact on creative writing. Common tasks related to NLG and creative writing are typically using keywords such as story generation, co-creativity, co-writing, user interface and writing tools. In future work, we aim to explore more GPT-3 capabilities in creative writing, in addition to creative writing applications in foreign language translation tasks.
Marriage in Morocco: A Practices of The Mudawwanatul Usrah Law in The Land of Guardians
Authors: Nasiri Nasiri
Published: August 2022

Morocco is a country that has combined the opinions of several schools in achieving the information contained in Islamic law that exists in the country of Morocco from some of the issues that were reformed in the Family Law (2004) in Morocco, as has already existed in other Islamic countries. Regulations related to marriage are almost the same as Indonesia, it could be due to the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) in Indonesia reflecting on Mudawwanat al-Usrah in Morocco or it can also be influenced by the Moroccan community with Indonesian society equally winged Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah (ASWAJA), in Morocco the Maliki Perspective which can guide and in Indonesia the Syafi'i Perspective which is a role model Moroccan society upholds the values ​​of tradition and local wisdom. They also like the beauty and love of traditional entertainment as long as it does not conflict with the basic principles in the teachings of Islam that they profess.
Basic life support awareness among non-medical students at King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mousa Ola , Atiyah Mohammad Al , Hussain Ali Al , AlBahrani Qasem , Abdelrahem Aml Sayed
Published: August 2022

Background: The knowledge and skills about basic life support (BLS) and advanced life support are the most important determining factors of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) success rates. Practicing simple CPR techniques as well as knowing BLS improves the chances of survival of the patient until experienced medical help can arrive. In most cases, it is sufficient for survival in itself. The study aimed to determine non-medical undergraduate students' knowledge of BLS and related skills at King Faisal University.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted across King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia between October 10 and December 30, 2021. A total of 406 students from nonmedical colleges participated in the study. A validated Arabic-language questionnaire was subsequently administered, which included 10 items assessing knowledge about BLS.Results: A total of 406 participants completed the questionnaire. The majority of participants (82.5%) had poor knowledge of the BLS. A quarter of students (25.1%) indicated that they had previously taken BLS training. Approximately (16%) of students acquired their knowledge about BLS from the internet, 7.6% from watching movies and TV shows, 16% from school subjects, 2.2% from college subjects, and 26.4% from reading.Conclusions: BLS knowledge was very limited among non-medical colleges students. It is evident from the study that nonmedical students need better BLS training in order to respond appropriately to cardiac arrest and other emergency situations.
Gait Analysis in Orthopaedic Surgery: History, Limitations, and Future Directions
Authors: Hecht Garin G. , Van Rysselberghe Noelle L. , Young Jeffrey L. , Gardner Michael J.
Published: August 2022

Gait analysis has expanding indications in orthopaedic surgery, both for clinical and research applications. Early work has been particularly helpful for understanding pathologic gait deviations in neuromuscular disorders and biomechanical imbalances that contribute to injury. Notable advances in image acquisition, health-related wearable devices, and computational capabilities for big data sets have led to a rapid expansion of gait analysis tools, enabling novel research in all orthopaedic subspecialties. Given the lower cost and increased accessibility, new gait analysis tools will surely affect the next generation of objective patient outcome data. This article reviews the basic principles of gait analysis, modern tools available to the common surgeon, and future directions in this space.
Concordance of Preoperative 3D Templating in Stemless Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Rechenmacher Albert J. , Goltz Daniel E. , Wickman John R. , Levin Jay M. , Schappe Tyler , Green Cynthia L. , Klifto Christopher S. , Lassiter Tally E. , Anakwenze Oke A.
Published: August 2022

Introduction:

Recent advances in preoperative 3D templating software allow surgeons to plan implant size and position for stemless total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). Whether these preoperative plans accurately reflect intraoperative decisions is yet unknown, and the purpose of this study was to evaluate concordance between planned and actual implant sizes in a series of patients undergoing stemless TSA.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort of consecutive, anatomic, stemless TSA cases performed by two surgeons between September 2019 and February 2021 was examined. Preoperative templated plans were collected using 3D planning software, and the sizes of planned glenoid, humeral head, and nucleus “stem” implants and other procedural data were recorded, along with sociodemographic information. These predicted parameters were compared with the implant sizes, and the concordance of these templated plans was quantified by direct comparison and bootstrapped simulations.

Results:

Fifty cases met inclusion criteria, among which perfect concordance across all three implants was observed in 11 cases (22%). The glenoid implant had the highest concordance (80%) relative to the humeral head and nucleus implants (38% and 60%, respectively), which was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Planned humeral head implants were more often oversized relative to their actual implanted size. However, 84% of the planned humeral heads were within 1 diameter size; in addition, 98% of the planned glenoid implants were within one size and all were within 10 mm of the implanted glenoid backside radius. All nucleus implants were within one size.

Discussion:

Final implant sizes demonstrated variable concordance relative to preoperative plans, with glenoid implants having the highest accuracy and humeral heads having the highest variability. Multiple factors contributed to the varying concordances for the different implants, suggesting possible areas of improvement in this technology. These results may have implications for logistics, intraoperative efficiency, and overall cost and underscore the potential value of this technology.

Level of Evidence:

Level III
PARAMEDİKLERİN AKUT KORONER SENDROMLARA YAKLAŞIM İLKELERİ
Authors: GÜLER Lütfi Mert
Published: August 2022

Akut koroner sendromlar, Türkiye ve dünya genelinde ölüm sebeplerinin başında yer almaktadır. Akut koroner sendromlar ile hastane öncesi acil sağlık hizmetlerinde sık karşılaşılması ve mortalite ve morbiditesinin yüksek olması paramediklerin bu konudaki yaklaşımlarını daha da önemli duruma getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada Google Akademik, PubMed, ScienceDirect ve DergiPark gibi veri tabanlarında literatür taraması yapılarak paramediklerin hastane öncesi acil sağlık hizmetlerinde güncel araştırmalar ışığında akut koroner sendromlara yönelik yaklaşım ilkelerini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır.
The Past, Present and Future of Concrete Construction
Authors: Lim Gabriel , Tam Chat Tim
Published: August 2022

Concrete has always been the major construction material since the historical past, at present and will continue into the future.  This presentation covers the period from the first UK design code (CP 114, 1957) in UK to the current European design code (BS EN 1992-1-1: 2004) and their associated standards on concrete and its constituent materials.  The 10th Professor Chin Fung Kee Memorial Lecture in 2000 on “Concrete: From 2000 psi to 80 MPa and Beyond” was delivered before the adoption of Eurocodes.  This new system is based on performance approach, in place of the more prescriptive approach of the former UK system.  Engineering education and practice have to meet the changes with updated knowledge to benefit from these advances in design, materials and construction.  The main emphasis is on changes in concrete with new types of cement, addition, admixture and the diminishing stock of aggregates.  Replacing the traditional reliance on past experience with innovative approaches in concrete technology based on acceptance of rational performance criteria leads to progress in the construction industry.  The progressive advances over the past six decades provided by personal experience have transferred through the teaching, research and development of new concrete concepts in concrete technology to the construction industry.  There is also an urgent need to look into the future direction for concrete and the associated challenges ahead with the expected global warming to achieve higher levels of strength, consistence and durability for a sustainable concrete construction industry.
Achievements and Difficulties in Development Administration in Jammu and Kashmir: An Analytical Study
Authors:   Department of Public Administration Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India, Showkat Ahmad Dar
Published: August 2022

Most people consider Jammu & Kashmir to be heaven on earth. If there is heaven on earth, it is this, this, and this, according to the Farsi couplet (Amir Khusrau). The couplet encouraged numerous kings to exercise control over Kashmir. Development has never been a priority for Jammu and Kashmir’s rulers. The Mughals utilized the state as a picnic area and administered it haphazardly through legendary Afghan rulers. Since Punjab remained their primary concern, the Sikhs in power in Lahore gave little thought to state-related matters. Dogras also had to deal with opposition from the populace, particularly in Kashmir, due to nepotism and an oppressive style of government. The state then turned into a conflict between India and Pakistan in 1947. Jammu & Kashmir occasionally experiences disturbances that are related to law and order. Therefore, upholding peace and order continues to be the government’s top priority, with growth taking a back seat. Jammu and Kashmir has continued to be a backward state mostly because of the aforementioned factors. The state has a very low per capita income, a large fiscal and revenue deficit, insufficient administrative and material infrastructure for development, high levels of corruption and unemployment, and a low literacy rate. Development Administration, according to its founder George F. Gant, “is intended to produce specific outcomes and is successful or terrible in terms of its delivery of results. It starts with the goal being defined and moves on to developing the administrative strategy necessary to attain it. Additionally, the notion of Growth Administration was based on the ideas of nation-building and social and economic development. The concept of development administration was established by the study. The current study thus concentrates on the successes and challenges in the Development Administration in Jammu and Kashmir.
Mediaciones tecnológicas en las prácticas educativas universitarias: La producción y circulación del conocimiento
Authors: Araque Castellanos Franlet Rocío
Published: August 2022

La investigación tiene como objetivo comprender cómo son construidos los discursos como prácticas de producción y circulación del conocimiento en los usos de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación de docentes y estudiantes de la Universidad Simón Bolívar, Extensión Cúcuta.  A nivel metodológico, asume una perspectiva etnográfica. Los registros para el análisis de la información fueron tomados de la observación participante, las entrevistas semi-estructuradas y los grupos focales.  La triangulación fue un ejercicio constante, que se fue dando en el cruce de las voces de los diferentes actores, en el diálogo entre los múltiples registros (audio-visual, documental y digital) explorando los diversos ambientes, formas y matices para de esta manera re-construir un nuevo entramado que diera paso a una interpretación, entre otras tantas, del proceso de asimilar, incorporar y utilizar las tecnologías de la información en el contexto educativo universitario, reconociendo que, en las complejas y restringidas dinámicas mercantiles del desarrollo tecnológico, a este extremo del continente le ha tocado un lugar poco preferente, plagado de carencias económicas, de brechas y contradicciones.  Así, la propuesta fue entender las mediaciones tecnológicas en sus dimensiones psicológica, pedagógica y sociológica, en un contexto local que dialoga con lo global.
Estudios socio-técnicos de las ciencias de la información en América del Sur desde la perspectiva del conocimiento libre
Authors: Plaz Power Irene , Valero G. Lorena L.
Published: August 2022

Se presentan aquí los resultados parciales de la investigación en curso “Estudios Sociales de las Ciencias y las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación para el Desarrollo Humano Sustentable Pluricultural de América del Sur”. 1 Como parte de los objetivos de esta investigación se han realizado estudios-e sociales del campo del saber-hacer en Ciencias de la Información, contenido en los catálogos regionales de acceso abierto Latindex, RedALyC y SciELO, que incluyen revistas de países de América del Sur, América Central, el Caribe y México. Fueron seleccionadas las 12 primeras revistas (2 argentinas, 4 brasileñas, 1 colombiana, 1 peruana, 1 cubana y 3 de mexicanas, con un total de, 2345 registros) inscritas en un estilo de divulgación del conocimiento libre-abierto, que además han sido de fácil acceso y descarga desde el comienzo de la investigación en 2002. La interrogante ¿Cuáles son las características de publicaciones de acceso abierto en las Ciencias de la Información libre en América del Sur?, es respondida explorando en línea la dimensión sociohistórica del conocimiento libre y la sistematización de bases de datos artesanales, por medio de algunos indicadores bibliométricos de las ediciones 2000-2010 de las mencionadas revistas. Parte del trabajo estuvo orientado a realizar un análisis comparativo entre los procesos de las naciones de América del Sur, el Caribe y México, el cual enriquece el conocimiento de las semejanzas y diferencias entre naciones de la región afectadas por políticas socioeconómicas nacionales opuestas al conocimiento libre.
Origen, consolidación, expansión e implicancias del Acceso Abierto (Open Access) en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Sala Hernán Edgardo
Published: August 2022

En este trabajo se realizó una síntesis de las ideas previas que posibilitaron el origen del Acceso Abierto (AA) y que permitieron su consolidación y expansión, en particular, en América Latina y el Caribe. Se analizaron las principales declaraciones relativas al AA: la Iniciativa de Budapest, la declaración de Bethesda y la de Berlín, el Compromiso de Túnez, el Comunicado Final de la reunión de Políticas de Ciencia y Tecnología para el Siglo XXI de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico y las declaraciones de Salvador y de Mar del Plata. Se realizó una sinopsis de diferentes recursos que coadyuvan al desarrollo del AA en la región. Entre ellos, las licencias Creative Commons, de Documentación GNU, el copyleft y algunas de sus implicancias. Se consideraron las bibliotecas y repositorios electrónicos más difundidos en la región: la Red SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), la Red de Bibliotecas Virtuales de Ciencias Sociales de América Latina y el Caribe del Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales, entre otras; además, se realizó una breve descripción cuantitativa del crecimiento de SciELO. Luego, se discutieron los beneficios que resultan de la aplicación del AA en Educación Superior y sus limitaciones. Por otra parte, se resaltó la importancia de extrapolar el AA a todos los contenidos relativos a la Educación Superior. Finalmente, se realizó un análisis crítico del AA considerándolo en el marco más amplio de la inclusión digital y haciendo hincapié en la apropiación social de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación.