bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlates ofNeisseria gonorrhoeaeantimicrobial resistance: cross-sectional results from an open cohort sentinel surveillance network in Québec, Canada, 2016–2019
Authors: Blouin Karine , Lefebvre Brigitte , Trudelle Annick , Defay Fannie , Perrault Sullivan Gentiane , Ezin Aloffan Léni Nina Débora , Labbé Annie-Claude
Published: August 2023

Objectives

To examine correlates ofNeisseria gonorrhoeaeantimicrobial resistance (AMR) to first-line antimicrobials (azithromycin, cefixime and ceftriaxone).

Design and setting

The sentinel surveillance network is an open cohort of gonococcal infection cases from Québec, Canada. Cross-sectional results are reported herein.

Participants

Between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2019, data from 886 individuals accounting for 941 gonorrhoea cases were included.

Methods

Epidemiological and clinical data were collected using an auto-administered questionnaire, direct case interviews and chart reviews. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the agar dilution method. Generalised estimating equations were used for regression.

Results

The prevalence of azithromycin resistance with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ≥2 mg/L was 21.3%. In 2016, men who have sex with men were more likely to be infected with an azithromycin-resistantN. gonorrhoeaeisolate (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR)=4.73, 95% CI 1.48 to 15.19) or with an isolate with increased third-generation cephalosporin (3GC) MIC (aPR=5.32, 95% CI 1.17 to 24.11 for cefixime (MIC≥0.06 mg/L) and aPR=4.38, 95% CI 1.53 to 12.54 for ceftriaxone (MIC≥0.03 mg/L)). However, these associations were not maintained between 2017 and 2019, with increased MIC observed in men who have sex exclusively with women and women. Overall, azithromycin resistance was significantly more likely in cases who self-reported HIV infection (aPR=1.65, 95% CI 1.00 to 2.71). Cefixime increased MIC were more likely in individuals 25–34 years old (aPR=2.23, 95% CI 1.18 to 4.21). Cefixime and ceftriaxone increased MIC were both more likely in cases who reported ≥5 sexual partners (cefixime: aPR=2.10, 95% CI 1.34 to 3.27 and ceftriaxone: aPR=1.62, 95% CI 1.14 to 2.30).

Conclusion

Significant correlates ofN. gonorrhoeaeAMR to first-line antimicrobials were observed. Antimicrobial stewardship may be particularly important for 3GC. Active monitoring and interventions are critical for 3GC non-susceptible strains, especially considering the very low prevalence in Québec.
Childhood health and educational disadvantage are associated with adult multimorbidity in the global south: findings from a cross-sectional analysis of nationally representative surveys in India and Brazil
Authors: Pati Sanghamitra , Sinha Abhinav , Verma Priyanka , Kshatri Jayasingh , Kanungo Srikanta , Sahoo Krushna Chandra , Mahapatra Pranab , Pati Sandipana , Delpino Felipe Mendes , Krolow Andria , Teixeira Doralice Severo da Cruz , Batista Sandro , Nunes Bruno P , Weller David , Mercer Stewart W
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Multimorbidity has emerged as a major healthcare challenge in low/middle-income countries (LMICs) such as India and Brazil. Life course epidemiology suggests that adverse events in early life contribute to an individual’s later health in adulthood. However, little is known about the influence of early life health and social factors on the development of multimorbidity in adulthood in LMICs. We aimed to explore the association of adult multimorbidity with childhood health and social disadvantages among two LMICs, India and Brazil.

Methods

We conducted a secondary data analysis of older adults aged ≥50 years using nationally representative surveys from Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, 2017–2018 (n=51 481) and ‘Estudo Longitudinal da Saude e Bem-Estar dos Idosos Brasileirous’, 2015–2016 (n=8730). We estimated the prevalence of multimorbidity along with 95% CI as a measure of uncertainty for all weighted proportions. Log link in generalised linear model was used to assess the association between childhood health and disadvantages with multimorbidity, reported as adjusted prevalence ratio (APR).

Results

The prevalence of multimorbidity was 25.53% and 55.24% in India and Brazil, respectively. Participants who perceived their childhood health as poor and missed school for a month or more due to illness had the highest level of multimorbidity across both countries. After adjusting for age and gender, a significant association between adult multimorbidity and poor self-rated childhood health (APR: (India: 1.38, 1.16 to 1.65) and (Brazil: 1.19, 1.09 to 1.30)); and missed school for a month due to illness (AOR: (India: 1.73, 1.49 to 2.01) and (Brazil: 1.16, 1.08 to 1.25)) was observed.

Conclusion

Early life health, educational and economic disadvantages are associated with adult multimorbidity and appear to contribute to the later course of life. A life course approach to the prevention of multimorbidity in adulthood in LMICs may be useful in health programmes and policies.
Flow diversion for the treatment of intracranial bifurcation aneurysms: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kashkoush Ahmed , El-Abtah Mohamed Ehab , Petitt Jordan C , Glauser Gregory , Winkelman Robert , Achey Rebecca L , Davison Mark , Abdulrazzak Mohammad A , Hussain Shazam M , Toth Gabor , Bain Mark , Moore Nina
Published: August 2023

Background

Flow diversion (FD: flow diversion, flow diverter) is an endovascular treatment for many intracranial aneurysm types; however, limited reports have explored the use of FDs in bifurcation aneurysm management. We analyzed the safety and efficacy of FD for the management of intracranial bifurcation aneurysms.

Methods

A systematic review identified original research articles that used FD for treating intracranial bifurcation aneurysms. Articles with >4 patients that reported outcomes on the use of FDs for the management of bifurcation aneurysms along the anterior communicating artery (AComA), internal carotid artery terminus (ICAt), basilar apex (BA), or middle cerebral artery bifurcation (MCAb) were included. Meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model.

Results

19 studies were included with 522 patients harboring 534 bifurcation aneurysms (mean size 9 mm, 78% unruptured). Complete aneurysmal occlusion rate was 68% (95% CI 58.7% to 76.1%, I2=67%) at mean angiographic follow-up of 16 months. Subgroup analysis of FD as a standalone treatment estimated a complete occlusion rate of 69% (95% CI 50% to 83%, I2=38%). The total complication rate was 22% (95% CI 16.7% to 28.6%, I2=51%), largely due to an ischemic complication rate of 16% (95% CI 10.8% to 21.9%, I2=55%). The etiologies of ischemic complications were largely due to jailed artery hypoperfusion (47%) and in-stent thrombosis (38%). 7% of patients suffered permanent symptomatic complications (95% CI 4.5% to 9.8%, I2=6%).

Conclusion

FD treatment of bifurcation aneurysms has a modest efficacy and relatively unfavorable safety profile. Proceduralists may consider reserving FD as a treatment option if no other surgical or endovascular therapy is deemed feasible.
Single-bolus injection of local anesthetic, with or without continuous infusion, for interscalene brachial plexus block in the setting of multimodal analgesia: a randomized controlled unblinded trial
Authors: Rhyner Patrick , Cachemaille Matthieu , Goetti Patrick , Rossel Jean-Benoit , Boand Melanie , Farron Alain , Albrecht Eric
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Previous trials favored a continuous interscalene brachial plexus block over a single injection for major shoulder surgery. However, these trials did not administer a multimodal analgesic regimen. This randomized, controlled unblinded trial tested the hypothesis that a continuous infusion of local anesthetic for an interscalene brachial plexus block still provides superior analgesia after major shoulder surgery when compared with a single injection in the setting of multimodal analgesia, inclusive of intravenous dexamethasone, magnesium, acetaminophen and ketorolac.

Methods

Sixty patients undergoing shoulder arthroplasty or arthroscopic rotator cuff repair were randomized to receive a bolus of ropivacaine 0.5%, 20 mL, with or without a continuous infusion of ropivacaine 0.2% 4–8 mL/hour, for an interscalene brachial plexus block. Patients were provided with intravenous morphine patient-controlled analgesia. The primary outcome was cumulative intravenous morphine consumption at 24 hours postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included pain scores at rest and on movement, and functional outcomes, measured over 48 hours after surgery.

Results

Median (IQR) cumulative intravenous morphine consumption at 24 hours postoperatively was 10 mg (4–24) in the continuous infusion group and 14 mg (8–26) in the single injection group (p=0.74). No significant between-group differences were found for any of the secondary outcomes.

Conclusions

A continuous infusion of local anesthetic for an interscalene brachial plexus block does not provide superior analgesia after major shoulder surgery when compared with a single injection in the setting of multimodal analgesia, inclusive of intravenous dexamethasone, magnesium, acetaminophen and ketorolac. The findings of this study are limited by performance and detection biases.

Trial registration number

NCT04394130.
Vape store density and proximity to schools in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Widiantari Ni Komang , Kurniasari Ni Made Dian , Trapika I Gusti Made Gde Surya Chandra , Astuti Putu Ayu Swandewi
Published: August 2023

Objective

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) use among youth in Indonesia is rising, and there is no regulation surrounding sale of e-cigarettes. This study aims to map the distribution and density of vape stores and their proximity to schools and cafes as well as assess selling of e-cigarettes to youth under 18 years in Denpasar, Bali.

Methods

Using QGIS V.3.18.1 software, we conducted a geographic mapping of all vape stores followed by a survey of the retailers (n=107). Data were collected in April 2022. Several measures explored included retailers’ density based on the size and population of subdistricts, retailers’ proximity to school. Retailers were asked about selling to youth under 18 years, then its association with distance to schools and other variables were explored.

Results

We mapped 122 vape stores across Denpasar city with a density of 1.56 per km2of the occupied land for housing, 0.16 stores per 1000 total population and 1.06 stores per 1000 youth population. More than a quarter of the schools (28.3%) and the universities (25.6%) had at least one vape store in 250 m radius, while 97.2% of the stores were within 500 m of a café. Of the 107 vape store retailers interviewed, almost half (43.9%) reported selling vapes to youth under 18 years.

Conclusions

Retail availability of e-cigarettes will contribute to the increasing use of this product, especially without a minimum legal sales age. The government should urgently prohibit selling to youth, regulate e-cigarette advertising, promotion and sponsorship and prohibit e-cigarette use where conventional smoking is prohibited.
Mitigating Memory Wall Effects in CNN Engines with On-the-Fly Weights Generation
Authors: Venieris Stylianos I. , Fernandez-Marques Javier , Lane Nicholas D.
Published: August 2023

The unprecedented accuracy of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) across a broad range of AI tasks has led to their widespread deployment in mobile and embedded settings. In a pursuit for high-performance and energy-efficient inference, significant research effort has been invested in the design of field-programmable gate array (FPGA)–based CNN accelerators. In this context, single computation engines constitute a popular design approach that enables the deployment of diverse models without the overhead of fabric reconfiguration. Nevertheless, this flexibility often comes with significantly degraded performance on memory-bound layers and resource underutilisation due to the suboptimal mapping of certain layers on the engine’s fixed configuration. In this work, we investigate the implications in terms of CNN engine design for a class of models that introduce a pre-convolution stage to decompress the weights at runtime. We refer to these approaches as
on-the-fly
. This article presents unzipFPGA, a novel CNN inference system that counteracts the limitations of existing CNN engines. The proposed framework comprises a novel CNN hardware architecture that introduces a weights generator module that enables the on-chip on-the-fly generation of weights, alleviating the negative impact of limited bandwidth on memory-bound layers. We further enhance unzipFPGA with an automated hardware-aware methodology that tailors the weights generation mechanism to the target CNN-device pair, leading to an improved accuracy–performance balance. Finally, we introduce an input selective processing element (PE) design that balances the load between PEs in suboptimally mapped layers. Quantitative evaluation shows that the proposed framework yields hardware designs that achieve an average of 2.57× performance efficiency gain over highly optimised GPU designs for the same power constraints and up to 3.94× higher performance density over a diverse range of state-of-the-art FPGA-based CNN accelerators.
Prenatal Substance Exposure
Authors: Eiden Rina D. , Perry Kristin J. , Ivanova Miglena Y. , Marcus Rachel C.
Published: August 2023

This is an evaluative review of the field of prenatal substance exposure, with a focus on neurobiological and behavioral outcomes from infancy to young adulthood. We provide an overall evaluation of the state of the field and comment on current conceptual and methodological issues in need of attention. Although there are many studies of prenatal substance exposure, developmental frameworks that incorporate and reflect the lived experiences of children and families have seldom been employed in this field. In addition, although there are some common effects (e.g., on fetal growth) between major substances, there are also unique effects. Thus, we discuss the role of specific substances but note that polysubstance exposure is common, and models and methods used to date may not be sufficient to advance understanding of coexposure or polyexposure effects. We discuss these conceptual and methodological weaknesses and provide suggestions for future directions.
Ionic Liquid-Packed Microfluidic Device with Non-Planar Microelectrode as a Miniaturized Electrochemical Gas Sensor
Authors: Kaaliveetil Sreerag , Lee Yun-Yang , Li Zhenglong , Cheng Yu-Hsuan , Menon Niranjan Haridas , Dongare Saudagar , Gurkan Burcu , Basuray Sagnik
Published: August 2023

Integrating transducer/sensing materials into microfluidic platforms has enhanced gas sensors′ sensitivity, selectivity, and response time while facilitating miniaturization. In this manuscript, microfluidics has been integrated with non-planar microelectrode array and functionalized ionic liquids (ILs) to develop a novel miniaturized electrochemical gas sensor architecture. The sensor employs the IL 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium 2-cyanopyrolide ([EMIM][2-CNpyr]) as the electrolyte and capture molecule for detecting carbon dioxide (CO2). The three-layer architecture of the sensor consists of a microchannel with the IL sandwiched between glass slides containing microelectrode arrays, forming a non-planar structure. This design facilitates electric field penetration through the IL, capturing CO2 binding perturbations throughout the channel volume to enhance sensitivity. CO2 binding with [EMIM][2-CNpyr] generates carboxylate ([EMIM]+-CO2−]), carbamate ([2-CNpyr]-CO2−]), and pyrrole-2-carbonitrile (2-CNpyrH) species, significantly decreasing the conductivity. The viscosity is also increased, leading to a further decrease in conductivity. These cumulative effects increase charge transfer resistance in the impedance spectrum, allowing a linear calibration curve obtained using Langmuir Isotherm. The sensitivity and reproducibility in CO2 detection are demonstrated by two electrode configurations using the calibration curve. The developed sensor offers a versatile platform for future applications.
Trends on the Development of Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensors Modified with Metal-Organic Frameworks for the Quantification of Glucose
Authors: Rebolledo-Perales L. E. , Hernández P. , Álvarez-Romero G. A. , Hernández-Ramírez D.
Published: August 2023

Glucose is the principal source of energy for humans and its quantification in physiological samples can diagnose or prevent diseases. Commonly, glucose determination is based on spectrophotometric-enzymatic techniques, but at least since a decade ago, electroanalytical strategies have emerged as promising alternatives providing accuracy and precision in the determination of biomolecules. This review focuses on the development of non-enzymatic methodologies based on modified electrochemical sensors with Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOF) for glucose detection sensors in physiological samples (blood and urine). Glassy carbon electrodes (GCE), carbon paste electrodes (CPE), and screen-printed electrodes (SPE) are the main transductors modified with MOF for the electrochemical oxidation of glucose, and the maximum anodic peak current is taken to the analytical signal. The reported results demonstrated that this electroanalytical approach represents a viable alternative for fast and confident analysis of the glucose molecule.
Characteristics of Hydrogen Distribution under Steam Condensation in an Enclosed Vessel: Steady-State and Transient Tests
Authors: Park Il Woong , Yu Jia , Song Sang Min , Lee Yeon-Gun
Published: August 2023

Although hydrogen has been recognized as a promising material for global energy transportation, its inadvertent leakage or generation into enclosed spaces may pose a risk of an explosion hazard in engineering facilities, including nuclear power plants. To manage the associated risks, it is crucial to identify the characteristics of hydrogen dispersion in air and its stratification behavior. In this study, we conducted an experimental investigation on the distribution of hydrogen in an enclosed vessel under steam-condensing conditions by using helium as a substitute for hydrogen. A series of steady-state and transient tests were carried out in a cylindrical test vessel, in which the interacting effect with steam condensation was simulated by employing a vertical condenser tube to promote the mixing of the steam-air-helium mixture. During transient tests, the impact of the jet momentum created by helium injection into the enclosure and subsequent buoyancy-driven redistribution of helium in the postinjection phase was observed.
Data from Targeting N-linked Glycosylation for the Therapy of Aggressive Lymphomas
Authors: Scheich Sebastian , Chen Jiji , Liu Jiamin , Schnütgen Frank , Enssle Julius C. , Ceribelli Michele , Thomas Craig J. , Choi Jaewoo , Morris Vivian , Hsiao Tony , Nguyen Hang , Wang Boya , Bolomsky Arnold , Phelan James D. , Corcoran Sean , Urlaub Henning , Young Ryan M. , Häupl Björn , Wright George W. , Huang Da Wei , Ji Yanlong , Yu Xin , Xu Weihong , Yang Yandan , Zhao Hong , Muppidi Jagan , Pan Kuan-Ting , Oellerich Thomas , Staudt Louis M.
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) can be subdivided into the activated B-cell (ABC) and germinal center B cell–like (GCB) subtypes. Self-antigen engagement of B-cell receptors (BCR) in ABC tumors induces their clustering, thereby initiating chronic active signaling and activation of NF-κB and PI3 kinase. Constitutive BCR signaling is essential in some GCB tumors but primarily activates PI3 kinase. We devised genome-wide CRISPR–Cas9 screens to identify regulators of IRF4, a direct transcriptional target of NF-κB and an indicator of proximal BCR signaling in ABC DLBCL. Unexpectedly, inactivation of N-linked protein glycosylation by the oligosaccharyltransferase-B (OST-B) complex reduced IRF4 expression. OST-B inhibition of BCR glycosylation reduced BCR clustering and internalization while promoting its association with CD22, which attenuated PI3 kinase and NF-κB activation. By directly interfering with proximal BCR signaling, OST-B inactivation killed models of ABC and GCB DLBCL, supporting the development of selective OST-B inhibitors for the treatment of these aggressive cancers.
Significance:
DLBCL depends on constitutive BCR activation and signaling. There are currently no therapeutics that target the BCR directly and attenuate its pathologic signaling. Here, we unraveled a therapeutically exploitable, OST-B–dependent glycosylation pathway that drives BCR organization and proximal BCR signaling.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1749
Data from Effectors Enabling Adaptation to Mitochondrial Complex I Loss in Hürthle Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Gopal Raj K. , Vantaku Venkata R. , Panda Apekshya , Reimer Bryn , Rath Sneha , To Tsz-Leung , Fisch Adam S. , Cetinbas Murat , Livneh Maia , Calcaterra Michael J. , Gigliotti Benjamin J. , Pierce Kerry A. , Clish Clary B. , Dias-Santagata Dora , Sadow Peter M. , Wirth Lori J. , Daniels Gilbert H. , Sadreyev Ruslan I. , Calvo Sarah E. , Parangi Sareh , Mootha Vamsi K.
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Oncocytic (Hürthle cell) carcinoma of the thyroid (HCC) is genetically characterized by complex I mitochondrial DNA mutations and widespread chromosomal losses. Here, we utilize RNA sequencing and metabolomics to identify candidate molecular effectors activated by these genetic drivers. We find glutathione biosynthesis, amino acid metabolism, mitochondrial unfolded protein response, and lipid peroxide scavenging to be increased in HCC. A CRISPR–Cas9 knockout screen in a new HCC model reveals which pathways are key for fitness, and highlights loss of GPX4, a defense against lipid peroxides and ferroptosis, as a strong liability. Rescuing complex I redox activity with the yeast NADH dehydrogenase (NDI1) in HCC cells diminishes ferroptosis sensitivity, while inhibiting complex I in normal thyroid cells augments ferroptosis induction. Our work demonstrates unmitigated lipid peroxide stress to be an HCC vulnerability that is mechanistically coupled to the genetic loss of mitochondrial complex I activity.
Significance:
HCC harbors abundant mitochondria, mitochondrial DNA mutations, and chromosomal losses. Using a CRISPR–Cas9 screen inspired by transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling, we identify molecular effectors essential for cell fitness. We uncover lipid peroxide stress as a vulnerability coupled to mitochondrial complex I loss in HCC.

See related article by Frank et al., p. 1884.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1749
Data from Sex-Biased T-cell Exhaustion Drives Differential Immune Responses in Glioblastoma
Authors: Lee Juyeun , Nicosia Michael , Hong Ellen S. , Silver Daniel J. , Li Cathy , Bayik Defne , Watson Dionysios C. , Lauko Adam , Kay Kristen E. , Wang Sabrina Z. , Johnson Sadie , McGraw Mary , Grabowski Matthew M. , Kish Danielle D. , Desai Amar B. , Goodman Wendy A. , Cameron Scott J. , Okada Hideho , Valujskikh Anna , Fairchild Robert L. , Ahluwalia Manmeet S. , Lathia Justin D.
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Sex differences in glioblastoma (GBM) incidence and outcome are well recognized, and emerging evidence suggests that these extend to genetic/epigenetic and cellular differences, including immune responses. However, the mechanisms driving immunologic sex differences are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that T cells play a critical role in driving GBM sex differences. Male mice exhibited accelerated tumor growth, with decreased frequency and increased exhaustion of CD8+ T cells in the tumor. Furthermore, a higher frequency of progenitor exhausted T cells was found in males, with improved responsiveness to anti–PD-1 treatment. Moreover, increased T-cell exhaustion was observed in male GBM patients. Bone marrow chimera and adoptive transfer models indicated that T cell–mediated tumor control was predominantly regulated in a cell-intrinsic manner, partially mediated by the X chromosome inactivation escape gene Kdm6a. These findings demonstrate that sex-biased predetermined behavior of T cells is critical for inducing sex differences in GBM progression and immunotherapy response.
Significance:
Immunotherapies in patients with GBM have been unsuccessful due to a variety of factors, including the highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in GBM. This study demonstrates that sex-biased T-cell behaviors are predominantly intrinsically regulated, further suggesting sex-specific approaches can be leveraged to potentially improve the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy in GBM.
Ocupação urbana e processos antropogeomorfológicos em Teresina, PI : considerações a partir da abordagem histórica
Authors: Nunes Hikaro Kayo de Brito , Bastos Frederico de Holanda
Published: August 2023

A utilização da abordagem histórica como recurso para compreensão das interferências e processos antropogeomorfológicos é uma importante estratégia como forma de contribuir com as alterações ocorridas em um dado lugar, a depender da escala espacial escolhida e recorte temporal adotado. Diante disso, o presente estudo tem como objetivo, a partir de uma abordagem histórica, compreender a relação existente entre ocupação urbana e os processos antropogeomorfológicos em Teresina (Piauí) desde a sua fundação, em 1852. Metodologicamente foram adotadas uma série de estratégias que possibilitassem o alcance do objetivo proposto, tanto associada a documentos históricos quanto atividades de campo, registro fotográfico, utilização de redes sociais e classificação das feições antropogênicas (com utilização da classificação do British Geological Survey). As alterações nas características geomorfológicas acompanham a história urbana de Teresina desde a sua fundação, considerando que a escolha do terreno se deu justamente pelo relevo plano, além da presença dos rios Parnaíba e Poti, contudo, o terreno não era tão plano como os planejadores pensavam. A existência de riachos, lagoas, morrotes e baixas colinas tanto na área quanto no entorno, fato que contribuiu para a dificuldade da expansão urbana em alguns vetores, desencadeando, de 1852 (planícies e terraços fluviais) aos anos atuais (vertentes e topos de morros), a existência de terrenos classificados em made ground, worked ground, infilled ground e disturbed ground, somados a canalização, tamponamento e aterramento de riachos e lagoas, construção de diques e depósitos antropogênicos diversos, cortes e descaracterização de vertentes, além da existência de cavas de mineração.
A crítica genética em portuñol
Authors: Kurz Giovani Tridapalli , Kaspar Katerina Blasques , Relva Lisandro
Published: August 2023

Editorial do dossiê de número 49.
Os manuscritos redescobertos de L.-F. Céline e a edição de Guerre
Authors: Costa Daniel Padilha Pacheco da
Published: August 2023

Pela sua extensão e relevância, os manuscritos redescobertos de Louis-Ferdinand Céline permitem realizar uma revisão da compreensão crítica do seu projeto romanesco parcialmente concluído antes do exílio em 1944. Primeiro manuscrito a ter sido publicado, Guerre (2022) contém episódios inexistentes em qualquer edição das suas obras. Ele retrata o episódio decisivo na vida do narrador dos seus romances — o trauma do ferimento de Ferdinand no front durante a Primeira Guerra Mundial e a sua convalescença em um hospital militar de Flandres. Com base na crítica textual e literária da edição de Guerre, pretende-se situar a sua importância narrativa, editorial e histórica no interior tanto do projeto para o romance Casse-pipe, apenas esboçado durante os anos de 1930, quanto do retorno de Céline ao tema onipresente da guerra nos seus cinco últimos romances dedicados à crônica do colapso final do nazifascismo.
Impacto da escritura sobre o escritor: o algoritmo, novo nome do estilo em formação no manuscrito
Authors: Willemart Philippe Leon Marie
Published: August 2023

Se escrever for considerado um exercício real próximo do atletismo, terá repercussões tanto no cérebro do escritor quanto em sua maneira de escrever. Num primeiro momento, lembrarei as observações dos neurocientistas Stanislas Dehaene (Les neurones de la lecture, 2007), Boris Cyrulnik (Des âmes et des saisons, 2020) e Yann Le Cun (Quand la machine apprend, 2019) sobre as mudanças nas áreas dos neurônios segundo as atividades de cada um. Assim como do escritor quando escreve e rascunha. Num segundo momento, salientarei a resistência física exemplar dos artistas e dos escritores, comparável com a de nossos melhores atletas, que exige treinamento prolongado e um certo ascetismo. Assim, segundo Peter Sloterdijk, tomando como ponto de partida o artista-acrobata de Zaratustra, o artista e o escritor substituem Deus e os reis nas respostas às grandes perguntas. No fim, será discutida a posição do filósofo alemão sobre a psicanálise, na qual segundo ele o homem não é mais dono de suas decisões. Contrariamente à teoria freudiana, Sloterdijk apoia a “subversão de cima” quando o artista e o escritor, apoiando-se nos arquivos (Foucault) que os antecederam, visam o “impossível” e o “multivirtuoso” para escalar a montanha do improvável (Le palais de cristal, À l’intérieur du capitalisme planétaire, 2015).
Mairawê e Oikoá: trajetórias
Authors: Weiss Luise
Published: August 2023

O principal objetivo deste texto situa-se em percorrer dúvidas e questionamentos sobre o processo criativo dos livros denominados Oikoá e Mairawê. Exploraremos as decisões por recursos expressivos, pelas escolhas de materiais, pelos experimentos, pela elaboração de esboços e de rascunhos. Em primeiro lugar, percebe-se a necessidade de reunir o livro e suas imagens, incluindo artes visuais e texto. Não se trata de meros desenhos e ilustrações, acompanhando o texto: destaca-se a necessidade de diálogos, entre o formato do livro, as imagens e as qualidades estéticas/éticas reunidos no projeto Oikoá e Mairawê. Ambos os projetos são do período correspondente aos anos 2021 e 2022.
O diário do autor louco, de Edvard Munch (1863–1944)
Authors: Zwick Ludmila Menezes
Published: August 2023

A premissa maior da tradução do norueguês ao português do manuscrito MM T 2734, intitulado O diário do autor louco, de Edvard Munch (1863-1944), é que, vez por outra, um documento arquivístico pode ser tratado, por suas características, como uma obra literária – o diário entendido como gênero literário, sem entrar no mérito da qualificação desta obra como faz um crítico literário –, ao mesmo tempo em que é considerado, por seu conteúdo pertencente à outra época – com a demanda de pesquisar seu contexto –, como um documento histórico. Por outro lado, tal tradução é também uma forma de democratização de uma fonte primária, considerando que quão maior for o alcance de sua cultura material – ainda que pela via do espaço virtual –, maiores as chances de se compreendê-la como fonte histórica, que, sendo neste caso um diário, é também um objeto de preparo à expressão artística, escrita e/ou pictórica.
O arquivo literário do escritor piauiense Fontes Ibiapina
Authors: Bezerra Lueldo Teixeira , Silva Raimunda Celestina Mendes da
Published: August 2023

Há um crescente número de instituições que se dedicam à curadoria de arquivos de escritores no Brasil. Consequentemente, houve aumento de pesquisas em espaços detentores de documentos de fontes primárias. Partindo do pressuposto de que um arquivo de escritor é um espaço de memória literária particular, surge então o processo de desterritorialização e reterritorialização desses arquivos, uma vez que saem do privado para o público. Assim, o presente estudo apresenta o arquivo literário do escritor piauiense João Nonon de Moura Fontes Ibiapina. Diante de uma produção literária vasta e rica em questões culturais, memorialísticas, históricas e ficcionais e com abordagens regionalistas, surgiu a necessidade de compreender a produção literária de Fontes Ibiapina a partir de seu arquivo literário, uma vez que os documentos que o compõem possuem informações importantes acerca da cultura e da história do estado do Piauí. Observou-se a existência de documentos autorais que contribuem para uma compreensão mais ampla acerca da produção do escritor. Este estudo convida pesquisadores que estudam a obra de Fontes Ibiapina a investigarem seus documentos literários que antecedem a obra publicada e que tem muito o que se revelar sobre a história, a cultura e, principalmente, a literatura piauiense.
Family Engagement in the Adult Cardiac Intensive Care Unit: A Survey of Family Engagement Practices in the Cardiac Critical Care Trials Network
Authors: Goldfarb Michael , Alviar Carlos , Berg David , Katz Jason , Lee Ran , Liu Shuangbo , Maitz Theresa , Padkins Mitchell , Prasad Rajnish , Roswell Robert , Shah Kevin , Thompson Andrea , van Diepen Sean , Zakaria Sammy , Morrow David
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

Cardiovascular and critical care professional societies recommend incorporating family engagement practices into routine clinical care. However, little is known about current family engagement practices in contemporary cardiac intensive care units (CICUs).

METHODS:

We implemented a validated 12-item family engagement practice survey among site investigators participating in the Critical Care Cardiology Trials Network, a collaborative network of CICUs in North America. The survey includes 9 items assessing specific engagement practices, 1 item about other family-centered care practices, and 2 open-ended questions on strategies and barriers concerning family engagement practice. We developed an engagement practice score by assigning 1 point for each family engagement practice partially or fully adopted at each site (max score 9). We assessed for relationships between the engagement practice score and CICU demographics.

RESULTS:

All sites (N=39; 100%) completed the survey. The most common family engagement practices were open visitation (95%), information and support to families (85%), structured care conferences (n=82%), and family participation in rounds (77%). The median engagement practice score was 5 (interquartile range, 4). There were no differences in engagement practice scores by geographic region or CICU type. The most commonly used strategies to promote family engagement were family presence during rounds (41%), communication (28%), and family meetings (28%). The most common barriers to family engagement were COVID-related visitation policies (38%) and resource limitations (13%).

CONCLUSIONS:

Family engagement practices are routinely performed in many CICUs; however, considerable variability exists. There is a need for strategies to address the variability of family engagement practices in CICUs.
Drought and Flood Extremes on the Amazon River and in Northeast Brazil, 1790–1900
Authors: Granato-Souza Daniela , Stahle David W.
Published: August 2023

Recent severe droughts, extreme floods, and increasing differences between seasonal high and low flows on the Amazon River may represent a twenty-first-century increase in the amplitude of the hydrologic cycle over the Amazon Basin. These precipitation and streamflow changes may have arisen from natural ocean–atmospheric variability, deforestation within the drainage basin of the Amazon River, or anthropogenic climate change. Tree-ring reconstructions of wet-season precipitation extremes, substantiated with historical accounts of climate and river levels on the Amazon River and in northeast Brazil found in the Brazilian Digital Library, indicate that the recent river-level extremes on the Amazon may have been equaled or possibly exceeded during the preinstrumental nineteenth century. The “Forgotten Drought” of 1865 was the lowest wet-season rainfall total reconstructed with tree-rings in the eastern Amazon from 1790 to 2016 and appears to have been one of the lowest stream levels observed on the Amazon River during the historical era according to first-hand descriptions by Louis Agassiz, his Brazilian colleague João Martins da Silva Coutinho, and others. Heavy rains and flooding are described during most of the tree-ring-reconstructed wet extremes, including the complete inundation of “First Street” in Santarem, Brazil, in 1859 and the overtopping of the Bittencourt Bridge in Manaus, Brazil, in 1892. These extremes in the tree-ring estimates and historical observations indicate that recent high and low flow anomalies on the Amazon River may not have exceeded the natural variability of precipitation and streamflow during the nineteenth century.

Significance Statement

Proxy tree-ring and historical evidence for precipitation extremes during the preinstrumental nineteenth century indicate that recent floods and droughts on the Amazon River may have not yet exceeded the range of natural hydroclimatic variability.
The incongruity of misfit: A systematic literature review and research agenda
Authors: Englert Benedikt , Sievert Martin , Helmig Bernd , Jansen Karen
Published: August 2023

For decades, research on person–environment (P-E) fit has been a prevalent topic, emphasizing alignment between employees and the work environment and the accompanying positive consequences that flow from good fit. However, given the frequency of change and volatility experienced in organizations, it is far more likely that individuals, work groups, and organizations will sporadically experience misfit with various aspects of the environment. This recognition has led to steady growth in misfit research, but this literature lacks conceptual clarity, provides differing views on the interplay between fit and misfit, and as a result, insights on the consequences of misfit are fragmented. To address these shortcomings, we conducted a systematic review of the misfit literature and analyzed 106 scholarly articles published between 1981 and 2021. Our review offers three key contributions. First, we identify four distinct conceptualizations of misfit from the literature and then offer an integrative definition of misfit. Second, we provide a multi-level synthesis of the antecedents and outcomes of misfit that highlights the need for more cross-level and multi-level research. Third, we lay out a rich and detailed agenda of future research to further enhance our knowledge of misfit as a concept distinct from its P-E fit roots.
How to Turn Politics Around: Things, the Earth, Ecology
Authors: Marres Noortje
Published: August 2023

In this article, I give a personal view of Bruno Latour’s work on the politics of ecology going back to his work during the early 2000s on the politics of things. Based on my exchanges with Latour over the years, from the time that I became his student in the late 1990s, I show how he developed his understanding of the politics of ecology through a critical engagement with early twentieth-century theories of a “politics of things,” notably the one developed by the pragmatist philosopher John Dewey. I propose that Latour, who was greatly inspired by Dewey’s book The Public and Its Problems, through his more recent work on climate change demonstrated that the ecological crisis poses a profound challenge to the pragmatist vision of material politics. This challenge led Latour to undertake a radical reconstruction of the very idea of ecological politics and envision what he calls a politics of the earth. In a second section of this essay, I articulate a related but different possibility for the reconstruction of ecological politics, one that I believe Latour saw clearly, but did not pursue. If we are to succeed in turning politics around ecology, we will need to engage much more deeply with feminist understandings of politics, which affirm materiality, embodiment, and connectedness as unavoidable political realities. This in turn enables us to appreciate the wider relevance for understanding the ecological crisis of the feminist critique of the bifurcation of politics, which Carole Pateman identifies as the underlying schema of modern democracy. I argue that it remains one of the main blocks on our ability to reenvision politics in ecological terms today. Part reflection, part criticism, and part homage, this article then argues that we should look for orientation in feminist politics of ecology, if we want to take further the work of Latour and many others for a politics of the earth.
Translation and validation of the Role Checklist into the Malay version among retirees
Authors: Mohamad Sabri Mohamad Qayum , Syakir Menon Qistina Taqifa , Mohd Razali Nur Farahim Aisyah , Dahlan Akehsan , Thurasamy Ramayah , Che Daud Ahmad Zamir
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

Retirees undergo role transition after leaving their job. Hence, occupational therapists may assess retirees’ roles to identify their current roles’ satisfaction and anticipation. As Malaysian culture and language differed from the origin of the Role Checklist, this study aimed to translate and validate the Role Checklist into the Malay version cross-culturally.

Methodology:

A forward–backwards translation was conducted, followed by pilot testing among 9 experts and 20 retirees. A cross-sectional study was done among 122 Malaysian retirees to identify the translated instrument’s test–retest reliability, discriminant and convergent validity.

Findings:

The Role Checklist – Malay achieved almost perfect Average Content Validity Index (0.95–0.98) and Average Face Validity Index (0.92–0.96), good to excellent test–retest reliability with intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.654–0.976, and moderate to perfect agreement of Cohen’s kappa (0.620–1.00). Additionally, there were significant differences in the total number of roles ( p < 0.001) and total desired future roles ( p < 0.001) between retirees living in the community and institution. The total number of roles was positively correlated with the SWLS – Malay ( rs = 0.593, p < 0.001), EQ-5D-3L – Malay ( rs = 0.366, p < .001) and MSPSS – Malay ( rs = 0.314, p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

The Role Checklist – Malay was a valid and reliable instrument among Malaysian retirees.
Chronotype and Affective Response to Sleep Restriction and Subsequent Sleep Deprivation
Authors: Cox Rebecca C. , Ritchie Hannah K. , Knauer Oliver A. , Guerin Molly K. , Stothard Ellen R. , Wright Kenneth P.
Published: August 2023

Prior research indicates that sleep restriction, sleep deprivation, and circadian misalignment diminish positive affect, whereas effects on negative affect are inconsistent. One potential factor that may influence an individual’s affective response to sleep restriction, sleep deprivation, and circadian misalignment is chronotype. Later chronotypes generally report higher negative affect and lower positive affect under typical sleep conditions; however, there is mixed evidence for an influence of chronotype on affective responses to sleep restriction and sleep deprivation. The present study examined the effect of chronotype on positive and negative affect during sleep restriction and subsequent total sleep deprivation. Sixteen healthy adults (Mage = 28.2 years, SDage = 11.6 years) were classified as earlier or later chronotypes using multiple chronotype definitions: morningness-eveningness (MEQ), mid-sleep on free days corrected (MSFsc), habitual mid-sleep timing, dim light melatonin onset (DLMO), and phase relationship between DLMO and bedtime. Participants completed a 10-day protocol with one night of sleep restriction and subsequent 28 h total sleep deprivation. Affect was assessed hourly during scheduled wakefulness with the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). Data were analyzed with mixed-model analyses of variance (ANOVAs). During sleep restriction and subsequent sleep deprivation, positive affect decreased and negative affect increased. Across all chronotype measures, relatively later chronotypes demonstrated vulnerability to increased negative affect during sleep loss. The influence of chronotype on positive affect during sleep loss varied by chronotype measure. These findings suggest later chronotypes are more vulnerable to affective impairments during sleep loss and circadian misalignment, even when late chronotype is not extreme.
Promoting employed worker status on digital platforms: how France’s labour inspection and social security agencies address ‘uberisation’
Authors: Abdelnour Sarah , Julliard Émilien , Méda Dominique
Published: August 2023

In France, the growth of digital labour platforms has benefited from the support that has been provided by one section of the governing political class for the sake of the ‘employment opportunities’ that they are expected to generate. However, their operating model, which relies on outsourced labour carried out by supposedly self-employed workers, has been the subject of inspection operations and objections initiated by the social security agencies and institutions that ensure compliance with labour law. Based on interviews with these stakeholders – labour and social security inspectors – this article illustrates how they are seeking to reintegrate these workers into the employed workforce, not only for the purpose of maintaining their safety at work but also with a view to preserving the French social model. These inspectors rely on their traditional control tools but also on the framing of anti-fraud policies. Ultimately, their actions seek to inform legal disputes with a view to reclassifying the workers concerned.
Good wives and wise mothers: Establishing the foundations of modern Japan through women's accounting education
Authors: Shinoto Ryoko
Published: August 2023

This article aims to provide a chronicle and analysis of how the household accounting role for women in Meiji era Japan was created, starting with the government's hurried introduction of ‘bookkeeping’ and ‘home economics’ as separate disciplines, followed by its later ‘Japanisation’ and gender assignment of these subjects and ending with its consequent popularisation in Japan of keeping track of the inflow and outflow of money in a household (receipts and disbursements, and bookkeeping) that eventually led to the unification of both disciplines into a single system of ‘household bookkeeping’. Our work also sheds light on how the introduction of Western-style bookkeeping and its customisation to Japanese needs played a role in the development of Meiji-era household accounting education in Japan, and in so doing helped lay down the groundwork for the establishment of the country's future social fabric.
Parent Engagement and the Child Welfare System: Through a Self-Determination Theory Lens
Authors: Furrer Carrie J. , Lauzus Nicole , Cross Amanda , Rockhill Anna
Published: August 2023

Engagement is foundational for parents involved in the child welfare system. In this motivation theoretical analysis, we use self-determination theory (SDT) as a framework to organize the extant literature and explain why key casework practices promote parent engagement; offer guidance for caseworkers to recognize indicators of disaffection in their interactions with parents; and illustrate ways to adjust casework practice to better support parent engagement. The analysis points to the importance of caseworker skills in promoting parent engagement, the reciprocal nature of engagement work, and the need for child welfare agencies to similarly provide motivational supports for caseworkers. Promoting parent engagement, and supporting caseworkers in doing this challenging work, is an important pathway toward improving outcomes for parents, children, and families.