bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reaksi Pasar atas Publikasi Laporan Keuangan Interim Diaudit Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan-Perusahaan yang Mempublik di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Irawan Irawan , Makhsun Arif
Published: October 2021

This study was conducted on interim financial statements of companies included in the calculation of the KOMPAS 100 index on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) with the consideration that the companies' shares included in the KOMPAS 100 index on average per year control more than 75% in volume trade and market capitalization on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) so that it is considered the most widely traded stock. Hence, it is expected that many interested parties (especially active investors) of the interim financial report and use accounting information from the company in its investment decisions. The study was conducted on quarterly financial statements, mid-year financial reports and quarterly financial statements.The results of this study indicate that the market responds widely to the announcement of the Interim Financial Report I and Interim Financial Report II published by the issuer. On the other hand the market does not respond broadly to the announcement of the Interim Financial Report III published by the issuer.The involvement of auditors in interim financial reports in the form of reviews and complete audits does not have an impact on improving the quality of information on interim financial statements received by investors. This is demonstrated by the absence of differences in market reactions to the publication of interim financial statements.Keywords: Interim Financial Reports, Market Reactions
Development and Validation of a Tool on Social Intelligence
Authors: Ramanathan Karrthik
Published: October 2021

The aim of the study was to develop and validate a tool to measure the social intelligence quotient of employees at the workplace, especially during the time of recruitment. The tool was developed based on the five-part model of social intelligence developed by Karl Albrecht (2005). The sample for the study was selected using the snowball sampling technique and comprised of 222 people both males and females belonging to the age group 18-25 years and was of Indian origin. The steps of the study included the generation of the initial pool of items, expert validation, item analysis, followed by tests for reliability and validity. The data was collected online through google forms. Item total correlation, descriptive statistics, and structural equation modelling were used to analyse the data. The reliability of the scale established using Cronbach’s alpha (internal consistency) was found to be 0.87 (high). The scale was correlated with Tromso Social Intelligence Scale (TSIS) to establish criterion validity and was found to be 0.164 (p < .01). The intra-correlation among the dimensions of the tool was found to be moderate, ranging between 0.42-0.57.
Extreme Leukocytosis in a Man after a Half Marathon Race
Authors:   Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark, F Ericsson , NE Jensen ,   Odense University, Odense, Denmark, SE Jensen ,   Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Published: October 2021

Leukocytosis is most often defined as an elevated white blood cell count greater than 11.0 × 109 per L in adults, and is a relatively common finding. Normal adult levels of leucocytes is 4.5 to 11.0 × 109 per L. It is of importance for clinicians to be able to distinguish nonmalignant from malignant conditions, and to differentiate between the most common non-malignant causes of leukocytosis. Extreme leukocytosis can be seen in a broad spectrum of clinical conditions in the human body under stress. It is most commonly found in patients suffering from leukemia or severe bacterial infections, but can also be seen in people after hard exercise [1-7]. The present clinical case describes a young healthy man, suffering from extreme leukocytosis after a syncope during a half marathon.
Visual evoked potentials (VEP) studies in primary open glaucoma
Authors:   Professor, Department of Physiology, JJM Medical College and Hospital, Davanagere, Karnataka, INDIA., V Bhagya
Published: October 2021

Background: With increasing prevalance of primary open angle glaucoma and optic nerve damage as a consequence of this, there is a need for early diagnosis and prevention of optic nerve damage. VEP, the potential recorded from the occipital region in response to the visual stimuli can be used for early detection of the primary open angle glaucoma. Visual evoked potential (VEP) is a non invasive method to assess the visual pathway. The present study was done to evaluate the impact of primary open angle glaucoma on central nervous system particularly, visual pathway. Methods: 30 primary open angle glaucoma patients attending outpatient department of ophthalmology department, SS hospital, Davanagere and 30 age matched controls selected randomly from general population were subjected to Visual evoked potential. Parameters for VEP such as latencies of waves N70, P100, and N155 peak-to-peak amplitudes of waves N70-P100 and P100-N155 were assessed and analyzed by using unpaired student-T test for comparison between cases and controls. Results: The present study observed that the there was a statistically significant increase in P100 latency in cases compared to the controls. And also there was a statistically significant decrease in N70 and P100 amplitude in cases compared to the controls. Conclusion: The present study correlates with earlier findings that visual pathway gets involved in primary open angle glaucoma even before the development of neuropathy which can be detected using VEP. Meticulous follow-up is a must to prevent the complications of primary open angle glaucoma, so that further damage can be prevented.
Study of efficacy of ultrasonography guided erector spinae plane block for abdominothoracic surgeries
Authors:   Senior Resident, Department of Anaesthesiology, Dr. V M Government Medical College and SCSMSR, Solapur, Maharashtra, INDIA., Sasane Amol B
Published: October 2021

Background: Erector spinae block (ESPB) provides analgesia by targeting the dorsal and ventral rami of the spinal nerves,performed in the lumbar region for postoperative analgesia of abdomino-thoracic surgeries. This study was aimed to assess the efficacy of Erector spinae block (ESPB) on postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing abdominothoracic surgeries under general anesthesia. Material and Methods: Present study was prospective, randomized, comparative study, conducted in patients with 18-70 years age, ASA grade- I/II, posted for abdominothoracic surgeries, Mallampatti scores - I and II, consented for participation. 120 patients were randomly assigned into two groups of 60 each, to either Erector spine block group (Group 1) or conventional pain killers (Group 2). Results: General characteristics such as age, height, weight, BMI were comparable in both groups and difference was not statistically significant. The postoperative systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and Mean post-operative VAS score difference was statistically significant, from 30 minutes post-operative to 480 mins (8 hours). Group 1 have significantly less amount opioid requirement as none of the patients required inj tramadol more than 100 mg and only 5 (8.33%) cases required 100 mg whereas in the Group 2 73.33% required inj tramadol more than 100 mg and 8.55% required 175 mg. Group 1 have significantly long period of opioid free time as during first 2 hours none of the patients required inj tramadol whereas in the Group 2 83.33% required inj tramadol in the first 2 hours. Conclusion: In our study we concluded that the analgesic efficacy of Ultrasound guided Erector spinae block is an effective procedure over systemic analgesics and provide better patient satisfaction and compliance
Manejo del dolor oncológico en la comunidad
Authors: Longoria Boada Lourdes Beatriz González- , González Pardo Secundino , Báez-Morales Widmark Enrique , González Saborit Maité
Published: October 2021

El dolor oncológico es una contrariedad que suelen padecer los pacientes con cáncer. Es una carga muy difícil y compleja. Por ello es necesario manejarlo con un enfoque multidimensional y un tratamiento digno. Tres son los tipos de dolor que han sido definidos con base en la neurofisiología del dolor: dolor somático, visceral y neuropático. La definición más aceptada actualmente es la de la Asociación Mundial para el Estudio del Dolor (IASP): “Es una experiencia sensorial y emocional desagradable, asociada con un daño tisular, real o potencial, o descrita en términos de dicho daño” (1). Innumerable es la bibliografía que aborda el manejo del dolor oncológico, sin embargo, la obra más consultada es la Guía Clínica de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS).
IMPLEMENTATION OF PEKASAM NEW INNOVATIVE PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY IN PENUKAL ABAB DISTRICT LEMATANG ILIR DISTRICT
Authors: Defriyanti Wenni Tania
Published: October 2021

Fish is one of the sources of animal protein that many people consume because it is relatively easy to obtain and the price is affordable. Because of the many fish there are, so we need a way to preserve them. One way that has been done is by developing fish processed products. The purpose of developing processed fish products is to process river / freshwater fish into long-lasting processed products, and to find out the types of good packaging for the shelf life of processed fish products. Sampling was carried out in Air Itam Village, PALI Regency, on the SMEs that make stir-fry and non-stir-fry pekasam. The method used is a laboratory test method to determine microbiological tests (Total Plate Figures), and determination of pH. From the test results it can be seen that stir-fried pekasam is not suitable for direct consumption with a shelf life of more than 5 days if stored at room temperature when viewed from the number of bacteria and fungi that have passed the standard food standard, but if it is reprocessed before consumption (sauteed) it may still be feasible because some bacteria and fungi that can't stand the heat will die. Saute Pekasam is not suitable for consumption with a shelf life of more than 5 days if stored at room temperature (because the sample is tested after 5 days of manufacture, the sample is not tested on Day 0 to Day 5, which may still be fit for consumption before day 5 ). In order to produce processed fish products in the form of durable pekasam, the process of making pekasam can be done hygienically so that it can inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi.
THE EFFECT OF SOAKING SALTS CONCENTRATION TO CANDIED GARLIC (Sativum allium L.)
Authors: Titaley Naning Restiani , Herawati Maria Marina
Published: October 2021

Garlic has a bitter taste, which makes people reluctant to eat one whole garlic clove. The salt soaking technique used to reduce the bitter taste of the garlic, and the garlic processed into wet candied garlic, so it became more edible than not process. The process of candied garlic could preserve the durability level, which allows it to be stored longer at low temperatures. The research materials used were salt and sugar. The purpose of the research was to know the effect of salt concentration on reducing bitterness and the right concentration to reduce the bitter taste of garlic. This research used the RAK method, and DMRT (Duncan’s Multiple Range Test), and the samples of salt were 3%; 3.5%; 4%; 4.5%. The test included chemical tests (water content and total microbes) and organoleptic tests (taste, aroma, and texture). The water content of the product showed the result, which was not significantly different, and the total microbes test showed no microorganism was found or grew on the product. The organoleptic test of taste was obtained on 3.5% salt, with an average of 2.75% (likes), while the aroma and texture did not show a significant difference in the result. The aroma and texture data obtained on 2.90 (likes) and 2.40 (likes) with 3.5% salt. Keywords: Candied; Garlic; Salt; Soaking; Sugar.
Total Polyphenol, Rehydration Ratio, and Liquor Color of Different Grade Green Tea
Authors: Prawira-Atmaja M Iqbal , Azhary Beauty , Harianto Sugeng , Maulana Hilman , Shabri Shabri , Rohdiana Dadan
Published: October 2021

Tea is a non-alcoholic beverage that is widely consumed after water with potential health benefits. In general, tea processing divided into three types, non-enzymatic oxidation process (green tea), semi-oxidation (oolong tea), and with enzymatic oxidation (black tea). The sorting and grading is a stage in controlling the quality of green tea. This study aims to determine the characteristics of different grades of green tea on the total polyphenols, liquor color, and rehydration ratio. The results showed that the pekoe/pecco grade had the highest total polyphenol and rehydration ratio compared to other grades. Pekoe grade has a greenish yellow  and brighter liquor color. Application of good agriculture practice (GAP) and plucking of fresh tea leaves should be considered to obtain more grade pekoe in the green tea processing.
Mini Review: Hypocholesterolemic Potential of Unsaponifiable Matter from Palm Fatty Acid Distillate
Authors: Wulansari Angela , Estiasih Teti , Yunianta Yunianta
Published: October 2021

Palm fruit as raw material of palm oil is the main commodity of Indonesian agriculture. Palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) is a by-product of palm oil refinery process in deodorization stage. PFAD contained bioactive compounds such as vitamin E, phytosterols, and squalene. Vitamin E, phytosterols, and squalene have knows for its hypocholesterolemic effect and cardio protector. Bioactive compounds of PFAD can be separated from its fatty acid using saponification reaction. Saponification of PFAD produced unsaponifiable matter (USM) which was rich in bioactive compounds. Food fortification is aimed to enhance the nutrition quality of food for specific reason. The fortificant can be macronutrient or micronutrient. USM of PFAD potentially become food product fortificant which will give hypocholesterolemic effect. This review is discussed about hypocholesterolemic effect of each bioactive compounds in USM of PFAD and the potential of USM as food fortificant espsecially for food with hypocholesterolemic effect.
Inteligência artificial e escrita acadêmica: o que nos reserva o algoritmo GPT-3?
Authors: Boa Sorte Paulo , Farias Mário André de Freitas , Santos Allessandra Elisabeth dos , Santos Jefferson do Carmo Andrade , Dias Jamile Santos dos Santos Rodrigues
Published: October 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é discutir os possíveis impactos da inteligência artificial, com foco no algoritmo GPT-3, na produção escrita acadêmica. Esse algoritmo produz conteúdo com base na aprendizagem de mais de 170 bilhões de parâmetros constantes na rede mundial de computadores. O usuário pode criar, com esse banco de dados, frases, parágrafos, diálogos, imagens e capítulos de livros, que seguem normas gramaticais padronizadas, bastando apenas a inserção de um comando inicial, como “estudos apontam”. Realizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica tomando o objetivo central como ponto de partida para delimitarmos o problema, levantarmos as citações relevantes, aprofundarmos a busca e estabelecermos relação com as fontes obtidas. Os resultados apontam semelhanças de textos produzidos com o uso do GPT-3 a composições humanas, dificultando a identificação da autoria e se diferenciando por trazer referências a fontes utilizadas, o que nos faz pensar acerca dos aspectos éticos, de criatividade e de propriedade intelectual implicados.
A história oral como estratégia didática no ensino de português língua de herança
Authors: Graça Luciana
Published: October 2021

Este texto apresenta um dos projetos por nós propostos numa turma de português como língua de herança, em contexto universitário. Consistiu este projeto, e estratégia didática, na designada história oral, já muito utilizada nas mais diversas áreas científicas, desde há muito tempo, e a que então recorremos no quadro específico do ensino de línguas. Neste nosso texto, não só apresentaremos, em traços gerais, as linhas teóricas por que nos orientámos, para a implementação desta estratégia, em sala de aula, como também descreveremos o próprio projeto e analisaremos alguma da informação recolhida, como forma de procurarmos demonstrar as potencialidades inerentes ao uso desta forma de atuação num campo tão específico, e relevante, como o da aprendizagem de uma língua, em geral, e de uma língua de herança, mais em particular.
Adeus, futuro
Authors: Behling Janaina
Published: October 2021

Neste trabalho apresento uma resenha crítica do livro “Adeus, Futuro”, de Maria do Rosário Pedreira, uma das vozes literárias mais respeitadas da cena portuguesa contemporânea. O livro, publicado em fevereiro de 2021, é resultado de uma coletânea de setenta e cinco crônicas originalmente publicadas no jornal Diário de Notícias, um dos mais influentes entre os portugueses. Entre inúmeros assuntos, algumas crônicas tratam direta ou indiretamente de questões de linguagem, letramento e ensino que permitem indagar sobre a ruptura entre a língua brasileira e a portuguesa em função de valores culturais, do humanismo e do respeito às diversidades plurilíngues.
Factors Affecting Parents' Decision Making in Choosing a School Private for Children during The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Tukiyo Tukiyo , Indrayanto Bayu , Budiyono Sri
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the factors that influence the way parents make decisions in choosing their favorite private school for their children during the COVID-19 pandemic. These factors are presented starting from the most influential to the smallest. In detail, the purpose of this study is to obtain answers to the questions: (1) what factors influence the way parents make decisions in choosing a favorite private school for their children, (2) are there differences in the decision-making factors of parents in choosing a school? private sector for children between before the pandemic and after the covid-19 pandemic, (3) is there a difference in the income of parents before the pandemic and after the covid-19 pandemic, and (4) how is the level of anxiety of parents in dealing with the covid-19 pandemic . This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach which is intended to describe the factors that influence parents' decision making in choosing private schools for their children during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed: 1. The factors that influence parents' decision making in choosing private schools for children during the covid-19 pandemic are: (1) good religious education factors in schools, (2) good academic achievement, (3) good non-academic achievement, (4) easy access to school locations, (5) schools have complete learning facilities, (6) good extra-curricular activities, (7) school safety, (8) relatively close distance from the school house, and (9) as a solution due to busy parents
DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF MICRORNA IN GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH SOCIAL SUPPORT
Authors: Kong Lingming , Zhu Xiaoli , Niu Wei , Zhang Liyi
Published: October 2021

To explore the differential expression of microRNA (miRNA, miR-) and its correlation with social support and personality in Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) patients. A total of 80 GAD patients and 80 control participants were selected from our serial study samples to be tested for microarray analysis, and real time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) verification was carried out in both patient group and control group. Correlation between miRNA expression and social support were also carried out. According to microarray analysis, 6 miRNAs were differentially expressed between patient group and control group, with miR-4505, miR-4484, miR-4674, miR-501-3p and miR-663 up-regulated, and miR-1301 down-regulated; qPCR verification revealed that 5 miRNAs (miR-1301, miR-4484, miR-4674,  miR-501-3p, miR-663, miR-4505) were significantly up-regulated and the expression of miRNA-1301 down-regulated; the expression of miRNA-1301 was significantly related to social support in GAD patients. In conclusions, comprehensive factors, including miRNA regulation, social support may be involved into the aetiology of GAD.
Pelvic colon volvulus: Results of one-stage versus two-stage colectomy at the University Hospital of Conakry
Authors: Diakité Saikou Yaya  , Baldé Habiboulaye  , Diallo Abdoulaye  , Camara Soriba Naby  , Camara Fode Lansana  , Barry Alpha Madiou  , Doumbouya Bourlaye  , Baldé Alpha Korse  , Diallo Amadou Djoulde  , Camara Alpha Kabinet  , Barry Thieno Ila  , Sow Zakaria  , Sylla Alpha Mamadou  , Diallo Aissatou Taran  , Touré Aboubacar  , Diallo Biro
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of one-stage colectomy versus two-stage colectomy at Conakry University Hospital. Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at the University Hospital of Conakry from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019. All patients hospitalized and operated on in the Ignace Deen General Surgery and Donka Visceral Surgery departments for pelvic colon volvulus (PCV) who underwent colectomy during the study period were included. Results: We collected 87 cases of pelvic colon volvulus (PCV). The average age was 45.71 years with extremes of 5 years and 80 years with a male predominance of 82.83% and a sex ratio of 5.18. The morbidity was marked by 2 cases of anastomotic fistulas, 7 cases of parietal suppuration and 1 case of peristomal hemorrhage. 4 cases of death were noted in two-stage colectomy and 2 cases in one-stage colectomy. Conclusion: The occurrence of morbidity and mortality was not related to the type of colectomy. As our study does not allow us to affirm the superiority of one technique over the other, we recommend considering a future dynamic study that would take into account a larger sample.
Effect of salinity on the physiology of peanut variety 73-33 (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Adiouma Dangue  , Bathie Sarr  , Ibrahima Kane
Published: October 2021

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea, L.) is an annual papilionaceous oilseed legume cultivated on nearly 25 million hectares in tropical and temperate zones due to its remarkable plasticity to temperature and water requirements. In Senegal, peanut is produced in rural areas where they are the main source of agricultural income. Variety 73-33 is cultivated in the river valley and the groundnut basin is subject to the influence of salinization affecting four of Senegal's ecogeographic zones. Studies conducted with randomized full-block experimental set-up in the laboratory and under semi-controlled greenhouse conditions have shown the effect of different concentrations of NaCl on the peanut variety 73-33: 0mM; 25mM; 50mM; 100mM; 200mM; 300mM; 400mM; 500mM for germination and 0mM; 25mM; 50mM; 100mM for growth growth and chlorophyll production. The parameters which were measured are: the germination rate (ten days after sowing), the number of nodules, the number of gynophores, the dry biomass and the production of chlorophyll at twenty, forty and seventy-five days after sowing. Germination is significantly negatively affected from 400mM. Twenty days after sowing there is a significant difference between the control and the other treatments for the production of chlorophyll a (Chla) only. Forty days after sowing, the production of chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll shows a very highly significant difference between all the treatments. The dry biomass only shows a significant difference from 100mM. Seventy-five days after sowing, the dry biomass and the number of gynophores are significantly reduced by the salinity from 25mM.
A review study of Cerebral palsy as a motor disability syndrome in children
Authors: Lekpa K David  , Willy B Vidona
Published: October 2021

Cerebral palsy is non-progressive motor disability syndrome largely attributed to abnormal development or damage in one or more parts of the brain especially the cerebellum and frontal lobe of the cerebrum that control muscle tone and motor activity and causing variable mental, motor and behavioral dilemmas. The study aims to review the information on the varied causes, types and clinical manifestation, diagnostic examination and management in cerebral palsy children. Prominent clinical presentation in this study was delayed developmental milestones such as delayed and coordinated movement of limbs, speaking delay and ptosis. Causes were noted to be pronounced in children born with low weight, preterm babies, trauma, delay among other complications during labor.
Heidinger syndrome - Carcinoid syndrome
Authors: Ivaneta Dimitrova Yonceva  , Denislav Emilov Biserov  , Vasil Dimitrov Velchev  , Vasil Atanasov Geguskov  , Mariya Negrinova Negreva
Published: October 2021

Carcinoid heart disease was first described in 1954. It develops in over 70% of carcinoid syndrome patients. Up to 20% of patients with carcinoid syndrome have pronounced carcinoid heart disease at diagnosis. Cardiac involvement is usually well tolerated by patients. Symptoms are associated with secretion of serotonin, tachykinin and other vasoactive substances in the systemic circulation. Deposition of fibrous tissue along the tricuspid annulus leads to ring constriction and is the basis of tricuspid stenosis. Primary insular carcinoid tumor of the ovary is a very rare tumor that accounts for less than 1% of all carcinoid cases. We present a case of a 62-year-old woman, demonstrating shortness of breath and fatigue, diarrhea, redness and progressive swelling on both lower legs. After single-photon emission computed tomography we found pathologically increased somatostatin expression in a tumor formation in the pelvis. After removal of the primary focus, the patient received a prosthetic tricuspid valve with good clinical results.
Effect of Tai Chi Chuan practice on immune system and pro-metastasis markers in early post-treatment breast cancer survivors
Authors: Mary NB Cheung  , Wings Tjing Yung Loo
Published: October 2021

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) to improve immune system and decrease pro-metastasis markers in early post-treatment breast cancer survivors. Methods: 130 post-treatment breast cancer survivors were recruited and randomized 1:1 into TCC group and wait-list (control) group. The TCC group practiced for a 60-minutes session once per week, for a total of 52 weeks. 115 forms of Yang-style TCC were taught by a Tai Chi master. Blood samples were taken from each subject and complete blood count was performed. The expressions of NKG2D protein, P-selectin, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in plasma were measured. Lymphocyte activity was measured by cell proliferation reagent and ATP assay. Images of lymphocyte colony formation were taken with an inverted microscope. Results: At 52 weeks, TCC group demonstrated a significantly higher WBC (p=0.001) , a significantly higher NKG2D value (p=0.001) and a significantly lower VEGF value (p=0.005) when compared to the wait-list group. However, there was a small, non-significant change for P-selectin values between the breast cancer survivor groups. After 72h incubation, TCC group had a significant increase in lymphocyte proliferation (p=0.001) and greater area of lymphocyte clusters or colonies (p=0.001). Conclusion: The practice of TCC could stimulate tumor immunosurveillance via NKG2D and activate the immune response. VEGF, a marker playing an important role in breast cancer and its metastases, was also reduced in those who practiced TCC. As an alternative for conventional exercise, post-treatment breast cancer survivors may select TCC in their rehabilitation program.
Geotechnical characterization of soils in the northern zone of Brazzaville
Authors: Kempena Adolphe  , Mbilou G. Urbain  , Bissombolo T. dorjeanny  , Antonio O. Gonçalves  , Boudzoumou Florent
Published: October 2021

The geotechnical classification of soils by laboratory tests is usually used to determine the class of the soil under study for its subsequent use in construction projects. The interest is certainly well displayed. Indeed, an experimental program has been developed with the aim of studying the soil in the study area. To this end, oedometric and shear tests were carried out on several soil samples in the laboratory. This made it possible to understand the “stress-strain” behavior of these soils. As a result, the presence of a silty sand soil was found that is susceptible to collapse.
Assessing government plan and residents’ support for agropolitan housing development in the Greater Port Harcourt city, River State, Nigeria
Authors: Anthony Donubari Enwin  , Ikiriko Tamunoikuronibo Dawaye
Published: October 2021

This paper examined, why the Rivers State Government of Nigeria engaged in the Greater Port Harcourt city project as well as individual communities’ residents’ attitudes in support or against government demand of communities’ land for agropolitan residential housing development in the GPH city. Survey questionnaire retrieved from 258 heads of households in 8 selected communities of the Greater Port Harcourt city and key informants’ responses were the methods used. The result shows that Greater Port Harcourt City was born to contain and curtail the spill over population, provide good and quality infrastructure and services, upgrade informal settlements and create sustainable residential developments. Respondents’ attitude towards land acquisition for self-sustainable agropolitan residential housing development was positive and supportive with modal first to three mention of “More persons will own better homes (27.3%), it will enable me own my personal house (18.2%) and it will solve the housing problem in the area (16.3%) respectively’.
Lines resistant to downy mildew in the sunflower genetic collection at VIR
Authors: Gavrilova V. A. , Stupnikova T. G. , Makarova L. G. , Alpatieva N. V. , Karabitsina Yu. I. , Kuznetsova E. B. , Anisimova I. A.
Published: October 2021

Background. Downy mildew (DM) caused by the fungus Plasmopara halstedii (Farl) Berl. & De Toni) is one of the most harmful diseases of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Due to the pathogen’s attacks, annual seed harvest losses range between 30% and 70%. Lines resistant to new races of the pathogen should be obtained for the development of commercial sunflower hybrids.

Materials and methods. Downy mildew resistance of 323 lines and 10 cultivars from the sunflower collection was assessed in the field at the Kuban Experiment Station of VIR in 2017–2018. Line VIR 845, susceptible during all years of observations, was used as a control. Resistance genes were identified by means of the molecular analysis using diagnostic markers of the Plarg, Pl6 and Pl8 genes that confer resistance to many known P. halstedii races.

Results. The founder varieties of VIR’s lines were susceptible to a varying extent. Thirty-nine lines were resistant in 2016 and 2018; among those, 36 lines were susceptible in 2017. Presumably, a more virulent P. halstedii race became widespread in 2017, compared to the races that prevailed in 2016 and 2018, so the genes that determined resistance in 2016 and 2018 turned out to be ineffective. Lines ТА 716-18, VIR 768, and VIR 800, having originated from interspecific hybrids, exhibited absence of pathogenic damage during 3 years of the trials. Molecular markers of the Plarg, Pl6 and Pl8 genes were detected in most lines that demonstrated resistance in 2016 and 2018. There were no markers in lines VIR 768 and VIR 800, whereas in ТА 716-18 the markers of Plarg and Pl8 were present.

Conclusion. As a result of the long-term studies, a trait-specific genetic collection was established for sunflower. It comprises genotyped lines with various effective DM resistance genes. Lines ТА 716-18, VIR 768 and VIR 800 appeared highly resistant to the pathogen and probably possess new resistance genes/alleles introgressed from wild species.
Genetic diversity of wild stone fruit species: specific aspects of ex situ conservation
Authors: Eremin G. V. , Eremin V. G. , Chepinoga I. S. , Gasanova T. A.
Published: October 2021

Background. One of the most important tasks faced by the scientists of Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station of VIR is the long-term preservation of the stone fruit gene pools (over 1,000 genotypes of 44 species) collected during plant explorations. It is much more difficult to preserve representatives of the wild flora than cultivars, due to their ecological specialization to specific environments and the need to create conditions for their successful development. This aspect concerns, first of all, such species as Louiseania pedunculata (Pall.) Pachom., L. ulmifolia (Franch.) Pachom., Prunus cocomilia Ten., P. brigantiaca Vill., Armeniaca sibirica (L.) Lam., Padus ssiori (F. Schmidt) C.K. Schneid., and some others.

Methods. The studies were carried out in the collection plantations of the field genebank at Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station of VIR according to VIR’s guidelines. Accessions of wild stone fruit species were the objects of the studies.

Results. Many years of field research into ex situ conservation of introduced wild species proved the efficiency of stone fruit cultivation in tub culture and a modified technique of dense planting with crown formation according to the “border-hedge” pattern. It takes into account biological characteristics of genotypes shaped in natural areas, the use of own-root or grafted plants on clonal rootstocks of various growth rates depending on their life form (tree or shrub), resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors, soil and terrain requirements, and the tasks posed before researchers. The recommended planting schemes (2.5–4.0 × 0.5–1.0 m) significantly reduce the area occupied by the same number of plants in conventional cultivation patterns and cut down power and labor inputs into technological practices.
Microsatellite loci variability in apple cultivars developed at VIR
Authors: Shlyavas A. V. , Trifonova A. A. , Chepinoga I. S. , Sidnin A. S. , Boris K. V.
Published: October 2021

Background. Microsatellite (SSR) markers are now widely used both for studying genetic diversity in fruit crop collections, including apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.), and for genotyping individual accessions. The apple collection held by VIR, being the largest in Russia, contains cultivars bred at five experiment stations of VIR. These cultivars not only meet the requirements of horticulture in the region of their origin, but also are interesting as sources of valuable traits for breeding programs. However, these cultivars have not previously been studied using microsatellite markers. Materials and methods. A set of 10 SSR markers (CH02c02b, CH03d01, CH01f03b, CH02d08, CH02c02a, CH05e03, CH02c09, CHVf1, CH01h01, COL) was used for genotyping 35 apple cultivars developed at VIR and four parental forms. Fluorescently labeled PCR products were separated by capillary electrophoresis on ABI Prism 3130xl.

Results. In 35 apple cultivars from VIR, 97 alleles were identified at ten studied loci. The number of alleles per locus varied from 5 (CH02c02b) to 17 (CH02c02a). The frequency of unique alleles was 26,8%, with 12,4% for rare alleles. Polymorphism information content (PIC) values varied from 0,49 (CH02c02b) to 0,91 (CH02c02a) and averaged 0,76. Expected and observed heterozygosity levels averaged 0,79 and 0,56, respectively. Cluster analysis did not reveal a clear division of cultivars according to the place of origin (experiment stations of VIR), but revealed clustering according to pedigrees.

Conclusion. A high level of polymorphism was observed in 35 apple cultivars from VIR using ten SSR markers. The obtained data on the allelic composition of the studied cultivars can be used for their identification and contribute to more efficient collection  management. Further studying and SSR genotyping of VIR’s apple collection and comparison with the data obtained in the presented work can help to identify the origin of cultivars with unknown pedigrees.
Anthecological features of Lonicera japonica Thunb. in the environments of Southern Uzbekistan
Authors: Djumayev Kh. K. , Tkachenko K. G.
Published: October 2021

Background. Identification of spectacular ornamental perennial lianas for urban landscaping in southern cities is important for modern urban greening programs. The aim of this work was to study flowering peculiarities of Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb.).

Materials and methods. The target material was honeysuckle plants growing in the environments of Southern Uzbekistan. Observations were conducted in 2019–2020 using conventional approaches.

Results and conclusion. The inflorescence of L. japonica is an open dibotryoid, with flowers arranged along the lateral axes of the first order. Flowers are bisexual, zygomorphic. Blossoming of flowers in inflorescences occurs acropetally. The flowering period is almost 150–170 days (starts in April and lasts until the end of August). Dichogamy in the form of proterandry is observed in honeysuckle flowers. The male flowering phase comes the first. It starts 1.5–2.0 hours after the opening of the corolla and ends with the drying of the stamens. The corolla turns yellow 36 hours after the blooming of the flower and the stamens begin to dry out. This is the female phase. Over the next 84 hours, the pistil begins to dry out slowly, but the corolla of the flower lasts up to 96 hours. The duration of the female flowering phase is 60 hours. L. japonica is of considerable interest for vertical landscaping of urban communities. Plants remain ornamental for a long time. Studying this species as an essential oil plant is promising, since it contains a significant amount of germacrene D.
Mobilization of fruit, small fruit and nut crop genetic resources in Belarus
Authors: Kazlouskaya Z. A. , Fralova L. V. , Taranau A. A. , Yakimovich V. A. , Palubiatka I. G.
Published: October 2021

Background. Natural populations of fruit and small fruit plants in Belarus and their specific and varietal composition for a long time attracted the attention of pomologists and breeders. Identification and mobilization of unique local forms and landraces as genetic sources of useful traits as well as monitoring duplicate collections will contribute to their more effective use in breeding practice to develop competitive domestic cultivars of various crops and reveal the adaptability of foreign cultivars to the conditions of Belarus.

Methods. The itinerary of the collecting mission passed through 6 regions of the Republic of Belarus (Gomel, Minsk, Mogilev, Vitebsk, Brest, and Grodno) in 2012–2017.

Results. As a result, 221 samples of fruit, small fruit and nut plants were collected, including 18 rootstocks of fruit crops. By 2021, 105 unique landraces were tested in the plant introduction and quarantine nursery and planted in the field gene bank, including 28 accessions of apple, 33 of pear, 11 of sour cherry, 5 of sweet cherry, 9 of plum, 8 of apricot, 1 of almond, 2 of hazel, 3 of garden strawberry, 1 of black chokeberry, 1 of viburnum, and 1 of bird cherry. There are plans to use the obtained accessions in breeding practice assources of valuable agronomic traits (high winter hardiness, high yield, resistance to a set of plant pathogens, etc.).
The impact of weather conditions in different years on the biochemical composition of linseed oil
Authors: Popova G. A. , Rogalskaya N. B. , Knyazeva N. V. , Trofimova V. M. , Shelenga T. V. , Porokhovinova E. A. , Brutch N. B.
Published: October 2021

Background. Linseed oil is a versatile product with varying biochemical composition. Linseed breeding is aimed at producing cultivars with different chemical properties in their oil. The crop is widespread but the environment has a great effect on its fatty acid  biosynthesis.

Materials and methods. The impact of weather conditions on the variations in fatty acids composition was studied. Twenty linseed cultivars and accessions of diverse origin and with varying oil composition from the VIR collection were grown in Tomsk Province in 2016–2018. The content of 15 fatty acids (lauric, myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, margaric, stearic, oleic, cis-vaccenic, linoleic, linolenic, arachidic, eicosenic, arachido nic, behenic, and lignoceric) was assessed in linseed oil using gas–liquid chromatography.

Results. The tested material presented a wide diversity of genes controlling different steps of fatty acids biosynthesis and genetic mechanisms involved in the responses to the changing environment. The analysis of variance proved that the content of oleic, linoleic, linolenic and lignoceric acids was controlled solely by the genotype. The content of palmitic and stearic acids was influenced by both the genotype and environment. The synthesis of lauric and cis-vaccenic acids was significantly affected by the weather. Practically all acids, except linoleic and linolenic ones, showed a very high random variation, which in our experiment included genotype × environment interaction. The accessions differed in the range of variation in their characters under diffe rent conditions. There was no definite regularity in the hanges of fatty acid content in the tested genotypes during 3 years.

Conclusion. The assessed genotypes probably possess different regulatory mechanisms for fatty acid biosynthesis. Thus, they present a diverse stock for further investigations into fatty acid biosynthesis and for the development of new linseed cultivars widely adaptable to environmental conditions.
THE ACS SELECTION MODEL FOR ROAD MILLING MACHINE
Authors: Ilge Igor
Published: October 2021

The paper analyzes the problem of choosing an automatic control system for a road milling cutter for cold milling. The analysis of the ACS of the leading manufacturers was carried out, the typical structure of the ACS, the features of their functioning was determined, the necessity of building a selection model was substantiated, which would take into account the entire set of the main characteristics of the ACS of the road milling machine and make a scientifically grounded choice in conditions of uncertainty.

The purpose of this work is to increase the efficiency of the use of cold milling cutters by developing a model for choosing an ACS for a road milling cutter under uncertainty. To achieve this goal, the most appropriate is the use of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (methodology) based on the decomposition of the choice problem using a hierarchical structural model. Economic criteria (cost of ACS, operating costs), technical criteria (accuracy, speed, adaptive speed control, engine control, alignment of the cutter, working out of small radii), operational criteria (reliability, diagnostics and registration, ease of installation and adjustment, external control, service) and ergonomic criteria (visualization of parameters, operator comfort) that characterize the ACS of a road milling machine. The originality consists in the construction, on the basis of these groups of criteria, of a hierarchical structural model for choosing an ACS for a road milling cutter, which makes it possible to implement an Analytic Hierarchy Process and choose a reasonable alternative. The practicalvalue lies in the fact that the use of the developed model will make it possible to carry out a scientifically grounded choice of the ACS of the road milling cutter, taking into account the entire set of economic, technical, operational and ergonomic groups of criteria. In the course of further research, the software implementation of the developed model will be carried out in the form of an expert system for choosing the ACS of a road milling machine.
Analysis of the level of technical development of mobile lifts with working platforms
Authors: Kyrychenko Igor , Reznikov Oleksandr , Rukavyshnikov Yurii , Knyshenko Anton
Published: October 2021

Problem. Currently, there are about 150 manufacturers of mobile lifts with working platforms (MLWP), which constantly design and introduce into production new machines with expanded capabilities. Therefore, there is a need to determine the level of technical development of MLWP, which is not possible without the analysis of statistical data of their nomenclature depending on the classification features and operational parameters. Goal. The purpose of the work is to analyze the impact of classification features and operational parameters of MLWP on the level of their technical development. Methodology. The analytical methods of studying the statistical data were used. The methods of mathematical modulation were used to develop the general trend of the jib MLWP technical level. Results. As a result of the analysis the general trend of the technical level of the jib MLWP by the height of rise of the working platform depending on the weight of the machine, the general trend of the technical level of the jib MLWP by the magnitude of the working platform horizontal reach, and the general trend of the technical level of the jib MLWP by the height of rise of the working platform depending on the working platform horizontal reach were obtained. Originality. The telescopic and articulated lifts are usually considered as separate groups, although they have much in common, because at least one section of the jib of modern articulated lifts consists of retractable (telescopic) sections, so during the statistical analysis of the MLWP technical level, these machines were considered as a single group of jib machines. Practical value. With the help of the obtained statistical dependences of the jib MLWP technical level on the technological parameters of the machine, it is possible to assess the technical development of both an individual machine and a group of MLWP with the determination of trends for further development.
The determination of the stresses in the wire of steel wire rope at clash on the block
Authors: Fidrovska Nataliia , Lomakin Andrii , Khursenko Serhii , Nesterenko Viktoriia
Published: October 2021

The article considers the problem of determining the extra effort that occurs when the steel weir rope runsng and the bend on the block. In spite of that what questions of determining the strain in ropes of carrying machines dedicate very many of works different sciences to our time no definition method of calculation of additional strains of bend in rope in the time of bend on block. For define overall increase of length wire obtain at cover of rope on the block was examine site of rope from its point contact since block to exceed widen of elongation in side of straight rope. On transition site the rope have certain curvature which is small value in comparison since curvature rope at increase additional effort on transition site not create important influence. On this score extend additional effort on transition site examine however for the straight rope. On value overall increase of the length wire transition site can have considerable influence because on this site the wire can have considerable increase of the length which summarize with value elongation receipt widen which is in rope curve on block. Although the question of defining the forces of the ropes of  Considered  steel weir rope element, which goes from a straight section to the curved on the block is a subject of very many works. In this case there arise tensile force (or compression force), which leads to the destruction of weirs of the steel weir rope. The proposed new calculation, which is based on the classical theory, namely Hooke's law. A comparison of the calculated values with the experimental ones is made.