bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in coagulation hemostasis when using colloidal solutions during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery
Authors: Gurin P.V.
Published: January 2019

The results of the use of colloidal and crystalloid solutions during surgical intervention of patients with coronary heart disease are presented. The effect of colloidal solutions on the coagulation hemostasis system and the associated perioperative complications were studied. The study included 60 patients operated in the NIST named after O.O. Shalimov on coronary heart disease who underwent off-pump coronary bypass grafting surgery: 40 patients (in the intraoperative period solutions of hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 were used (20 patients) and 4% gelatin (20 patients) were used in the intraoperative period); the comparison group included 20 patients (only crystalloid solutions were used in the intraoperative period). The results of general and biochemical analysis of blood, electrolyte, acid-base and gas composition of blood were analyzed, prothrombin time was determined, prothrombin index, international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, thromboelastometry. The statistical analysis of the material was carried out using standard methods using the application package “MS Excel” and “StatPlus 2007 Professional”. Evaluated the average, standard errors, the authenticity of the differences. To estimate the intergroup difference, the parametric t-criterion of the Student was used, while the links between the indicators were determined - a correlation analysis by Pierson. The results obtained showed a negative effect on the coagulation hemostasis system of colloidal solutions (changes in the thromboelastometry, prothrombin time and index) and an increase in the frequency of postoperative complications (blood loss, the need for blood transfusion, prolonged stay in the intensive care unit and hospital). The results of the study provide a perspective in the further study of the effect of colloidal solutions on coagulation hemostasis during other surgical interventions (thoracic, abdominal, etc.), as well as the use of the thromboelastometry method in clinical practice for early diagnosis of coagulation hemostasis disorders.
Methods of diagnosis and choice of the method of surgical treatment of Mirizzi syndrome
Authors: Zaporozhchenko B.S. , Bondarets D.A. , Borodaev I.E. , Kachanov V.N. , Sharapov I.V. , Zubkov O.B. , Kravets K.V.
Published: January 2019

The purpose of the study is to improve the results of preoperative diagnosis and treatment of patients with Mirizzi syndrome. The work is based on the analysis of the case histories and clinical observations of 85 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with a complicated Mirizzi syndrome in the Surgery Clinic No. 2 ONMEDU from 2006 to 2018. There were 63 women (74%) and 22 men (26%). The age of patients ranged from 24 to 97 years. Among the patients studied elderly patients prevailed — 50 (69.3%) and senile age — 28 (3%). All patients 85 (100%) went to the hospital at different stages of development of calculous cholecystitis. In 53 (62%) patients, an acute attack of the disease was noted for the first time. Periodically repeated episodes were noted more often in patients in 32 (38%) patients. The clinical picture of the disease consisted of symptoms characteristic of acute and chronic cholecystitis with the development of mechanical jaundice. The most characteristic and frequently occurring symptoms were dull pain in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen — 58 (68.2%), jaundice and symptoms of cholangitis (chills, fever) — 42 (49.4%). In 41 (48.2%) patients type I CS was diagnosed, in — 29 (34.1%) type II, in 8 (9.4%) — type III, in — 7 (8.2%) patients with type IV CS. In type I, the choice method was laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LCE) in 36 (42.3%), LCE with drainage of choledochus in 10 (11.7%) patients. There were no iatrogenic bile duct lesions and no conversion in this group. The leading role in the treatment of patients with CS was given to open surgical interventions in 39 (45.8%). In type II, the main types of surgical intervention were: "open" cholecystectomy with plastic of the common bile duct on the Kehr's T-tube (in the presence of a defect of not more than 1/3 of the bile duct circumference) in 25 (29.4%); hepaticojejunostomy (in the presence of a defect of more than 1/3 of the circumference of the bile duct) in 14 (16.4%) patients. The main surgical operations with CS III-IV types do not differ in principle from the above operations. So, the use of highly sensitive diagnostic methods and a combination of endoscopic and surgical treatment can significantly improve the results of treatment of patients with Mirizzi syndrome.
The problem of adaptation of first-year medical students to the educational process
Authors: Ocheretnyuk A.O. , Lysenko D.A. , Palamarchuk O.V. , Zakalata T.R. , Kernichnyi V.V.
Published: January 2019

The problem of the adaptation of first-year students of medical universities is an important issue of medical education in Ukraine. Adaptation of first-year students is a factor that seriously affects the educational activities of educational institutions. However, the issue of adaptation to training in medical schools remains poorly understood and unresolved. A study of the adaptation processes of first-year students of the medical faculty to the educational process in Vinnitsa National Medical University, based on the results of an anonymous survey of 200 students. For the majority of the students surveyed (46%), the adaptation process turned out to be a little problematic. For 28% of students, adaptation was not required, which was associated with studying in their hometown or having friends with senior students. 9% of the students surveyed did not determine the problem of adaptation, which is associated with the perception of the problem. 17% of the students surveyed indicated that the adaptation process is a significant problem that requires considerable effort and a long time. Important factors that influenced this were social status and place of residence for learning. The basic criteria that influenced adaptation were self-assessment and communication. It is these criteria that turned out to be higher for people who did not need adaptation, and significantly lower for students with problem adaptation. The results obtained may indicate promising areas for further research on the study and testing of methods for improving adaptation to the educational process by first-year students at a medical school.
Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat Terkait Pelanggaran Batasan Lingkup Kegiatan Usaha oleh Pihak Hotel di Bali
Authors: Saimima Ika Dewi Sartika , Makawangkel Petrus Stefano Roberto
Published: January 2019

Dalam menunjang kepariwisataan Bali, hotel sebagai usaha sarana pariwisata di bidang penyediaan akomodasi tentunya menjadi faktor penunjang yang sangat penting. Namun dari data yang diperoleh Dinas Pariwisata Provinsi Bali, tingkat hunian hotel berbintang dari tahun 2013 sampai 2017 tidak mengalami kenaikan yang menggembirakan, bahkan cenderung stagnan. Hal tersebut menyebabkan munculnya inovasi yang “kebablasan” yang berakibat pada persaingan tidak sehat antara hotel  dengan Biro Perjalanan Wisata. Banyak hotel menjalankan paket perjalanan wisata yang lazim menjadi ‘market” Biro Perjalanan Wisata. Padahal hotel sudah jelas porsinya, yang berhak jual paket tour itu adalah Biro Perjalanan Wisata. Hal  ini dapat mengakibatkan kerugian bagi pihak Biro Perjalanan Wisata, dan yang lebih bahaya lagi jika dibiarkan terus terjadi maka dapat menimbulkan ketidakseimbangan iklim usaha pariwisata yang dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya “ tourism kills tourism”. Hotel yang menjalankan paket perjalanan wisata secara langsung maupun tidak langsung merebut dan mengurangi “market” bagi pelaku usaha Biro Perjalanan Wisata sehingga mengakibatkan kerugian baik materiil maupun immaterial dan perbuatan pihak hotel tersebut merupakan pelanggaran hukum yang berlaku. Kejadian ini merupakan peristiwa hukum yang terkait Perbuatan Melawan Hukum oleh pihak hotel karena menjalankan usaha paket perjalanan wisata yang seharusnya menjadi lingkup usaha pihak Biro Perjalanan Wisata. Dimana masalah ini dapat diselesaikan melalui jalur hukum berupa gugatan perdata oleh pihak yang dirugikan, dalam hal ini pihak Biro Perjalanan Wisata atas Perbuatan Melawan Hukum yang berdampak kerugian, yang dilakukan oleh pihak hotel.Kata kunci : Perbuatan melawan hukum, biro perjalanan wisata, perhotelan, persaingan usaha tidak sehat.
Taxonomy of the subgenus Triacanus Erichson, 1843 and its distribution in the Palaearctic and Indo-Malayan regions (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)
Authors: Kirejtshuk A.G.
Published: January 2019

The paper devoted to summarizing of new data on the Asian members of the subgenus Triacanus Erichson, 1843 sensu stricto considered together with subgenus Monafricus Kirejtshuk, 1995, stat. nov. in composition of one genus. All Asian species of Triacanus were re-examined, except for T. (Triacanus) japonicus Hisamatsu, 1985 from Japan. Triacanus (Triacanus) conformis sp. nov. from Sichuan (China), T. (T.) pullus sp. nov. from Fujian (China) and T. (T.) unicolor sp. nov. from Cameron Highland (Malaysia) were described. Triacanus (Triacanus) nigripennis Reitter, 1873 with a very wide range in the Indo-Malayan Region is regarded as including three forms, forma typica, forma “parva” from Vietnam and forma “punctatissima” from Myanmar (Burma); Vietnam; India, Kerala; Sri Lanka; Malaysia, Cameron Highlands, Sabah (names of these forms taken from synonyms of T. (T.) nigripennis: punctatissimus Grouvelle, 1892 and parvus Kirejtshuk, 1990, syn. nov.). The new data on distribution of all studied species of Triacanus were given and a key to species of this subgenus was elaborated. The probable mode of life of the species of the considered subgenus is discussed.
Poezja Bohdana Ihora Antonycza w polskim przekładzie Kazimierza Andrzeja Jaworskiego
Authors: Choma-Suwała Anna
Published: January 2019

The poetry of Bohdan Ihor Antonych (1909–1937), a Ukrainian writer born in Lemkivshchyna near Gorlice, attracted Kazimierz Andrzej Jaworski’s attention with its fairy-tale qualities, a feeling of unreality and idealization of the world. From three collections of poems, Welcome to Life (1931), Three Rings (1934) and Book of the Lion (1936), varying in terms of their subject matter, the translator from Lublin chose works which reveal youthful joy of life and optimism Lemkivshchyna endowed their author with. Jaworski devoted most attention to the poems from The Green Gospel collection (1938), reflecting the essence of Antonych’s poetry, in which nature becomes religion. Jaworski was inclined to select works which were close to his own poems, e.g. from The Tatras and I cycle and the collection On a Granite Mast (1920). In the Polish version of Antonych’s poems, the translator’s interference is clearly noticeable. Jaworski does not fully rely on the original; he often introduces certain transformations within lines or stanzas as well as additions and semantic equivalents which are far from the Ukrainian version. This could result from his personal observations on nature, which he admired. It could also be caused by the difficulties of translation ensuing from linguistic complexities, as Antonych had the remarkable ability to represent complex images in a few lines. He achieved it through an appropriate choice of words and metaphorical constructions, which often prove to be challenging for the translator. Kazimierz Andrzej Jaworski was one of the first Polish translators who faced this task. As early as in the 1930s, he familiarized Polish readers with a few poems of the Lemko poet who lived and wrote in the period when Polish-Ukrainian coexistence within the borders of one country was being shaped.
Wspomnienia polskich dyplomatów jako źródło w badaniu stosunków polsko-rosyjskich po 1989 roku
Authors: Urbański Filip
Published: January 2019

The article describes the problem of using the autobiographical documents of polish ambassadors in Russia after 1989 as a source in analysis of Poland-Russia relations. The author affirms that memoires and extended interviews of former diplomats could be useful in process of reconstruction of past political events. Nonetheless all researchers have to remember that as all sources the autobiographical documents should be subjected to strict procedure of research because they are highly subjective. As examples the author used memoires Mr. Stanisław Ciosek and extended interviews Mr. Stefan Meller and Mr. Jerzy Bahr.
Z zagadnień przekładu audiowizualnego: tłumaczenie piosenek w pełnometrażowych filmach animowanych na przykładzie polskiego i rosyjskiego dubbingu do Sing
Authors: Abramska Magdalena
Published: January 2019

The article focuses on the problem of translating songs in animated movies. Using Russian and Polish dubbing as examples, the following issues will be discussed: the place and role of the song, the translation strategy adopted, and the consequences and possible impact on reception of the translation strategy. An excellent example that will allow the problem to be fully discussed is Sing the latest animation from the Illumination Entertainment studio – a 2016 American 3D computer-animated comedy.
Вармия и Мазуры глазами современных писателей и поэтов региона в переводах Игоря Белова
Authors: Borys Iwona
Published: January 2019

The article describes Russian translations of literary works by authors from Warmia and Mazury: Marek Barański, Tomasz Białkowski, Alicja Bykowska-Salczyńska. Zbigniew Chojnowski, Wojciech Kass, Włodzimierz Kowalewski, Jan Pietrzyk and Krzysztof Szatrawski, from the perspective of the perception of the national, social and cultural identity of Warmia and Mazury. All these works have been translated by Igor Belov and published in the journal “Baltika-Kaliningrad” (2017/4).
Polska niepodległość w poezji „nowochłopskiej” (Nikołaj Klujew i Siergiej Jesienin)
Authors: Popiel-Machnicki Wawrzyniec
Published: January 2019

The achievement of independence by Poland was preceded by WWI. The Kingdom of Poland was subjected to games between empires, which, in turn, contributed to the dissolution of our country executed by Prussia, Austria and Russia. This situation triggered an energetic reaction from Nikolai Klyuev and Sergei Yesenin. Among their oeuvre we may find poems about Poland in which Slavophilistic and pan-Slavist views are visible. Analysis of these poems perfectly suits postcolonial discourse.
Strategie przekładu Adama Pomorskiego na przykładzie tłumaczenia wiersza Метель Borysa Pasternaka
Authors: Plakueva-Olejniczak Marianna
Published: January 2019

The subject of this article’s research is the problem of translation of poetic texts on the basis of a poem Метель by Boris Pasternak. The work aims to analyse certain mechanisms and processes involved in the translation of poetic texts which are not limited to the rhythmical layer but also include lexical and phonological dimension. The article examines strategies of translation created by Adam Pomorski, a critic, essayist and recognised translator of Russian, German and English belles-letters, and a chairman of the Polish PEN Club. Pomorski reckons that translation is a “reconstruction of the prototype” within the norms and conventions, while all rest is a result of individual style. While creating literature, some artists recall the sounds that they associate with the literary pictures. This way, the language goes beyond the sematic layer of a work, while trying to imitate the sounds through onomatopoeic words, acoustic expressions and also other ways that influence the rhythmisation of a poem and bring out the connotation to the musical side of things. We will try to investigate how the poetic word of a prototype changed upon a translation on the basis of a Метель poem Pasternak.
Reduced Levels of miR–28 and miR–200a Act as Predictor Biomarkers of Aggressive Clinicopathological Characteristics in Gastric Cancer Patients.
Authors: Jeddi Farhad , Alipour Shahriar , Najafzadeh Nowruz , Dadashpour Mehdi , Pouremamali Farhad , Sadeghi Mohammad Reza , Samadi Nasser , Soozangar Narges , Khamaneh Amir Mahdi
Published: January 2019

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in different pathological processes including cancer development and progression. To find novel molecular diagnostic and prognostic markers and promising therapeutic tools for gastric cancer (GC), we aimed to investigate the relationship of the expression levels of miR–28–5p or miR–200a–3p with the clinicopathological criteria and to explore their impacts on the progression of human GC. Materials and Methods: Quantitative RT–PCR was performed to analyze miR–28 and miR–200a expression in 60 GC and 60 non–GC tissue samples. Result: Our results revealed that the expressions of miR–200a and miR–28 were significantly downregulated in GC in comparison with non–GC tissues. Tumors with low miR–28 expression had larger tumor size, more advanced histological grade, and a higher incidence of lymph node and distal metastasis than the tumors with high miR–28 expressions. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses demonstrate that the expression of miR–28 is a predictive biomarker allows predicting the histological grade, tumor size, and occurrence of nodal and distal metastases. We also found a significant inverse association between miR–200a expression and the rate of lymph node metastasis (p = 0.010, r = –0.334). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the miR–28 and miR–200a have tumor–suppressor functions and may be considered as potential biomarkers for gastric cancer diagnosis and prognosis.[GMJ.2018;impress]
ABERRANT EXPRESSION OF SELENIUM-CONTAINING GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASES IN CLEAR CELL RENAL CELL CARCINOMAS
Authors: Rudenko E , Kondratov O , Gerashchenko G , Lapska Y , Kravchenko S , Koliada O , Vozianov S , Zgonnyk Y , Kashuba V
Published: January 2019

Aim: To find putative diagnostic markers for clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC). Material and methods: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR), bisulfite treatment, methylation-specific PCR, analysis on cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics. Results: We have found that expression of GPX 1, GPX3, and GPX4 genes was decreased in ccRCC. We have shown that the number of alanine (GCG) repeats at the amino terminus of the GPX1 protein is variable. It was reported earlier that an allele that possess 5 alanine repeats is associated with the increased cancer risk. According to the obtained data, the allele with the 5 alanine repeats was also present in a group of healthy donors. Moreover, the frequency of alleles with repeats was similar among ccRCC patients and healthy individuals. We found that decreased expression of GPXs genes was not associated with promoter methylation. To provide other explanation, an analysis on the gene copy number was performed. We have found the heterozygous deletions for GPX1 gene, amplification for GPX3 gene, and no change in gene copy number for GPX4. Conclusions: Our data support the hypothesis that GPX1, GPX3, and GPX4 genes may play a role in ccRCC cancerogenesis and therefore they might be considered as putative diagnostic markers for ccRCC.
PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF MDM2 GENE EXPRESSION IN CHILDHOOD NEUROBLASTOMA
Authors: Inomistova M V , Svergun N M , Khranovska N M , Skachkova O V , Gorbach O I , Klymnyuk G I
Published: January 2019

Aim: To investigate the association of MDM2 expression at the mRNA levels in neuroblastoma with clinical features and unfavorable disease factors to determine the possibility of it usage as a prognostic marker of neuroblastoma. Materials and Methods: Total RNA and DNA were extracted from tumor tissue samples of total 91 neuroblastoma patients (mean age: 39.45 ± 4.81 months). MDM2 mRNA levels were detected with Q-PCR. TP53 gene deletion was detected with FISH method. MYCN amplification was detected with Q -PCR analysis in fresh tumor samples and FISH in FFPE samples. Results: We investigated the association of MDM2 mRNA expression with clinical outcome in neuroblastoma patients (n = 91). Kaplan — Meier curves showed a significant association of high MDM2 expression with poor event-free survival (p < 0.001). Clinical outcome of patients without MYCN amplification with low MDM2 expression was associated with better event-free survival than with high MDM2 expression (p < 0.001). Overexpression of MDM2 can be used as significant prognostic marker for patient stratification on risk groups and treatment optimization. Conclusion: Our results showed that the high expression of MDM2 at mRNA levels is an important factor of neuroblastoma prognosis. It may be a valuable additional molecular marker in guiding specific therapy in MYCN non-amplified NB patients without TP53 gene deletion.
CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF IMMUNE CELLS FOLLOWING ADMINISTRATION OF XENOGENEIC CANCER VACCINE IN MICE WITH MELANOMA B-16
Authors: Fedosova N I , Voeykova I M , Karaman O M , Symchych T V , Didenko G V , Lisovenko G S , Evstratieva L M , Potebnya G P
Published: January 2019

Aim: To study the effects of xenogeneic cancer vaccine (XCV) developed on the basis of nervous tissue antigen from rat embryo of late gestation period and protein-containing metabolite of Bacillus subtilis with molecular weight of 70 kDa, on specific and unspecific antitumor reactions of cellular and humoral chains of immune system, and to analyze possible mechanisms of its antimetastatic action. Materials and Methods: XCV was administered triply with 3-day intervals after surgical removal of experimental melanoma В-16 in C57Bl/6 mice. Cytotoxic activity (CTA) of splenocytes against target cells К-562 as well as CTA of splenocytes, peritoneal macrophages (PM) and blood serum against melanoma В-16 target cells were determined using МТТ test. The content of circulating immune complexes (CIC) in blood serum was evaluated by precipitation reaction. Results: Immunologic effects of XCV vaccination in experimental animals with surgically removed melanoma B-16 in comparison with similarly treated unvaccinated mice were as follows: prevention of medium molecular weight CIC accumulation in blood serum during all observation period, significant increase (р < 0.05) of CTA of effectors of unspecific antitumor immunity (natural killer cells — NK — by 25.5 ± 1.7 vs 12.5 ± 5.4%, and PM — by 37.3 ± 0.6 vs 32.0 ± 0.9%, respectively) at 37th day after the surgery, and also preservation of functional activity of specific cytotoxic lymphocytes at the level of intact control. Conclusion: The results of the study allow propose that antimetastatic effect of XCV vaccination could be based on increased CTA of NK and PM, and preservation of CTL functional activity at late terms after surgical removal of B-16 primary tumors.
LAPATINIB-BASED THERAPY FOR WOMEN WITH ADVANCED/ METASTATIC HER2 POSITIVE BREAST CANCER
Authors: Zekri J , Mokhtar M , Karim S M , Darwish T , Al-Foheidi M , Rizvi A , Al-Rehaily S , Mahrous M , Mansour M
Published: January 2019

Background: Lapatinib alone or in combination with other agents, mostly capecitabine is used for patients with advanced/metastatic HER2 positive breast cancer (HER2+BC) after progression on trastuzumab based therapy. Here we report our experience with lapatinib based therapy in this setting. Material and Methods: 67 consecutive patients received lapatinib based therapy. 58 (86.6%) received lapatinib + capecitabine (LC), 7 (10.4%) with other agents and 2 (3.0%) as single agent lapatinib. Data was collected from patients’ records retrospectively. Results: Objective response to lapatinib based therapy in 64 evaluable patients was 64.0% in all patients and 64.0% in patients who received LC. Median progression free survival and overall survival were 10 and 27 months in all patients and 10 and 17 months in patients who received LC, respectively. 16 (24.0%) patients had dose delay > 1 week and/or dose reduction. Conclusion: Lapatinib based therapy is an effective treatment for women with advanced/metastatic HER2+BC after prior exposure to trastuzumab. It yields meaningful response rates, progression free and overall survival. Some patients require dose adjustments.
SERGIY PETROVYCH OSINSKY
Authors: Exp Oncology Editorial Board
Published: January 2019

Professor Sergiy Petrovych Osinsky, an outstanding scientist, oncologist and pathophysiologist, Head of Department of the Microenvironment of Tumor Cells of the R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology (IEPOR) of the NAS of Ukraine, died on May 21, 2015, at the age of 69.
ENHANCED CYTOTOXICITY OF РHOTOEXCITED FULLERENE C60 AND CISPLATIN COMBINATION AGAINST D RUGRESISTANT LEUKEMIC CELLS
Authors: Franskevych D V , Prylutska S V , Grynyuk I I , Grebinyk D M , Matyshevska O P
Published: January 2019

Aim: To evaluate the viability of leukemic cells sensitive (L1210S) and resistant (L1210R) to cisplatin, ROS production and free cytosolic Ca2+ concentration under treatment with cisplatin or its combination with photoexcited fullerene C60. Methods: Cell viability was assessed by the MTT reduction assay. Light-emitting diode lamp (2.45 J/сm2) was used for photoexcitation of intracellular accumulated fullerene C60. Free cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and ROS production in cells were estimated with the use of fluorescent probes Indo-1 and 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA), respectively. Results: It is shown that viability of L1210R cells wasn’t changed under treatment with cisplatin in concentration range 0.1–10 μg/ml. 50% and 30% decrease of L1210S cells were observed after 24 h of incubation with cisplatin at concentrations 5 and 1 μg/ml, respectively. Intensification of extranuclear cytotoxic effects (ROS production and [Ca2+]i increase) after treatment with 1 μg/ml was detected in L1210S, but not in L1210R cells. The most strongly pronounced increase of ROS production and [Ca2+]i in both L1210 cell lines was revealed in dynamics after combined treatment with cisplatin (1 μg/ml) and photoexcited fullerene C60 (10–5 M) and was followed by decreased viability of not only L1210S, but of L1210R cells as well.. Conclusion: Combined treatment with photoexcited C60 and cisplatin allowed to decrease effective concentration of cisplatin against parental L1210 cells and to increase sensibility of resistant cells to the drug.
AN OVERVIEW ON “CELLULAR CANNIBALISM” WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
Authors: Jain M
Published: January 2019

Cellular cannibalism has been defined as a large cell engulfing a slightly smaller one within its cytoplasm. It has been described in various cancers like bladder cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cellular cannibalism has been well correlated with anaplasia, tumor aggressiveness, grading and metastatic potential. Present review focuses on significance of cannibalism in relation to cancer with special emphasis on oral squamous cell carcinoma.
FOXP3 gene promoter methylation in endometrial cancer cells
Authors: Buchynska L G , Iurchenko N P , Verko N P , Nekrasov K A , Kashuba V I
Published: January 2019

Aim - to determine the methylation level of promoter region of the FOXP3 gene promoter depending on the heterogeneity of intracellular localization of its protein product in endometrial cancer (EC) cells and assess its relation to the clinical and morphological features of tumor. Samples of surgical material of 40 EC patients who have not received any specific treatment before the surgery, were studied. Real time methylation-specific PCR (MSP) as well as morphological and immunohis-tochemical methods were used in the study. Methylation of promoter region of the FOXP3 gene was determined in all EC cases, but variability of the methylation level in EC cells from 45,0 % to 85,0 % was observed. With tumor progression and in tumors with deep (<$Esymbol У~1 "/" 2>) invasion in myometrium, an increase of the methylation level of the FOXP3 and of cell number with cytoplasmic FOXP3 localization was observed. In EC patients the correlation between of methylation level of the FOXP3 gene and the number of FOXP3<^>+ tumor cells with cytoplasmic expression (r = 0,41) was determined. Conclusion: The methylation level of FOXP3 gene promoter region and intracellular localization of its protein product are associated with tumor differentiation grade and the depth of myometrial invasion.
CHLORIN e6 COMBINED WITH ALBUMIN NANOPARTICLES AS A POTENTIAL COMPOSITE PHOTOSENSITIZER FOR PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY OF TUMORS
Authors: Shton I O , Sarnatskaya V V , Prokopenko L V , Gamaleia N F
Published: January 2019

Aim: To synthesize and to study for photodynamic activity a composite photosensitizer consisting of chlorin e6 and human serum albumin nanoparticles (HSA NPs). Materials and Methods: Starting from sorption-purified HSA, the albumin nanoparticles with a different degree of lysine residues cross-linking (10; 20; 40, and 100%) were obtained by the coacervation method. The HSA NPs were used for synthesis of nanocomposites with chlorin e6 and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labled preparations. Malignant lymphocytes of the MT-4 (human T-cell leukemia) line and normal lymphocytes of healthy donors served as cell targets. For photodynamic treatment, a semiconductor laser was exploited as a light source, and cell viability was assessed by MTT or trypan blue dye exclusion tests. For cell imaging and HSA NPs visualization, the fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were applied, respectively. C57Bl/6 mice were used in animal experiments. Results: The absorption and fluorescence spectra of chlorin e6-HSA NPs composites were characterized, and by the electron microscopy investigation the size of NPs (nanospheres) was estimated: 100–120 nm. FITC-labled albumin preparations allowed to establish that HSA NPs have much higher exposition and concentration dependent affinity to malignant cell surface than initial HSA. In experiments with MT-4 cells on PDT activity of chlorin e6-HSA NPs, the nanocomposite effectiveness elevated along with increasing percentage of cross-linked aminoacid residues, and for the nanocomposite with 100% of albumin cross-linking it exceeded the activity of free chlorin e6. In contrast to malignant cells, the complexation of chlorin e6 with HSA NPs decreased its photodynamic effect on normal human lymphocytes. Intravenous introduction of the chlorin e6-HSA NPs composite to mice showed prolonged circulation of the nanocomposite in blood in comparison with free PS. Conclusion: Promising results obtained with chlorin e6-HSA NPs composites warrant conduction of full-fledged PDT studies in vivo using the nanocomposites as photosensitizers.
HIGH BODY-MASS INDEX IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH WORSE CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN PREDOMINANTLY OBESE BREAST CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: Kemal Y , Demirag G , Teker F , Kut E , Kefeli M , Ekiz K , Yucel I
Published: January 2019

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women. A high body-mass index (BMI) is related to increased incidence of BC with poorer prognosis. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the association in patients with BC between BMI at the time of diagnosis and biological characteristics, according to the menopausal status. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study comprised a total of 318 women with BC. Clinicopathological differences between normal, overweight and obese patients according to menopausal status were evaluated. Results: Premenopausal women had a significantly lower BMI than postmenopausal patients (28.7 vs. 31.5, respectively; p = 0.00001). No statistically significant association was determined between BMI and clinicopathological characteristics in either the premenopausal or the postmenopausal group (all p values are > 0.05). Conclusions: There are many conflicting results in literature on this relationship. The results of this study showed that a high BMI is not associated with worse clinicopathological characteristics in a predominantly obese population. In current medical oncology practice, BC should be evaluated on an individual patient basis and the impact of obesity on BC prognosis seems to be difficult to estimate especially in an obese population.
DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF CD150/SLAMF1 IN NORMAL AND MALIGNANT B CELLS ON THE DIFFERENT STAGES OF MATURATION
Authors: Gordienko I M , Shlapatska L M , Kovalevska L M , Sidorenko S P
Published: January 2019

Background: Within B-cell lineage cell surface receptor CD150/SLAMF1 is broadly expressed starting from pre-B cells with upregulation toward plasma cells. However, expression of CD150 is rather limited on the surface of malignant B cells with the block of differentiation at the different stages of maturation. The aim of our work was to explore CD150 expression both on protein and mRNA levels with the emphasis on CD150 isoforms in malignant B-cell lines at the different stages of maturation in comparison with their normal B cell counterparts. Materials and Methods: Studies were performed on normal tonsillar B-cell subpopulations, Blymphoblastoid cell lines, malignant B-cell lines of different origin, including pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Burkitt’s lymphoma, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Protein CD150 expression was assessed by western blot analysis and the expression level of CD150 isoforms was evaluated using qRT-PCR. Results: Despite the similar CD150 expression both on mRNA and protein levels in normal B-cell subsets and B-lymphoblastoid cell lines, malignant B-cell lines demonstrated substantial heterogeneity in CD150 expression. Only Hodgkin’s lymphoma cell lines, Burkitt’s lymphoma cell lines BJAB and Raji, and also pre-B cell line BLIN-1 expressed CD150 protein. At the same time total CD150 and mCD150 mRNA was detected in all studied cell lines excluding pre-B cell line REH. The minor sCD150 isoform was found only in Hodgkin’s lymphoma cell lines and Burkitt’s lymphoma cell line Raji. The nCD150 isoform was broadly expressed in tested B cell lines with exception of REH and Daudi. Conclusion: Malignant Bcell lines at the different stages of maturation only partially resemble their normal counterparts by CD150 expression. In malignant B-cell lines, CD150 expression on mRNA level is much broader than on protein level. CD150 isoforms are differentially expressed in normal and malignant B cells with predominant expression of mCD150 isoform.
NIKOLAI FEDOROVICH GAMALIYA (1932–2016)
Authors: Board Editorial
Published: January 2019

Professor Nikolai Fedorovich Gamaliya, well-known scientist in the field of laser biomedical research, biophysicist, authority in experimental oncology, Laureate of the State Prize in Science and Techno logy of Ukraine, Head of the Department of Biological Effects of Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation of R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) of Ukraine died on June 14, 2016 at the age of 83.
CORRELATION OF IODINE SYMPORTER EXPRESSION IN HIGHLY AND LOW MALIGNANT CELL LINES OF HUMAN BREAST CANCER DIFFERED IN THEIR SENSITIVITY TO DOXORUBICIN
Authors: Lukianova N Yu , Andriiv A Andriiv , Chekhun V F
Published: January 2019

Aim: To investigate the relationship of sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) expression with molecular phenotype of highly and low malignant cell lines of human breast cancer (BC) with different sensitivity to doxorubicin (Dox). Materials and Methods: The cell lines used in the analysis included T47D, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and MCF/Dox. NIS expression was studied by immunocytochemical method. Results: The strongest iodine symporter expression (248 ± 1.9; 272 ± 3.2 and 289 ± 2.8 points, respectively) were found in cells of highly malignant cell lines — MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and MCF-7/Dox. NIS expression was significantly weaker (< 120 points) in two BC cell lines of low malignancy (MCF-7 and T47D). In addition, the reduced sensitivity to Dox is associated with elevation of NIS expression in both high and low malignant cells. We have demonstrated correlations between NIS levels and certain indices of BC malignancy, namely proliferative activity (r = 0.51), receptor status (estrogen receptor; r = –0.47; and progesteron receptor; r = –0.47) and invasiveness (r = 0.46). Conclusions: Our data evidence that NIS expression level correlates with BC cells indices of malignancy and their sensitivity to Dox. The results obtained suggest the necessity for further studies of NIS expression in BC patients aimed at prognosing disease course and monitoring treatment efficacy with anthracyclines.
THE EFFICACY OF TISSUE FACTOR −603A/G AND +5466A>G POLIMORPHISMS AT THE DEVELOPMENT OF VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM IN CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: Eroglu A , Ceylan G G , Ozturk E , Yalcin A , Yalcin B , Karasoy D
Published: January 2019

Background and Aim: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of the most common complications in cancer patients. Although factor V Leiden (FVL) is the most common genetic defect causing thrombosis, the impact of gene abnormalities on thrombotic tendency in cancer patients remains poorly explored. Tissue factor (TF) is a major physiologic initiator of blood coagulation. This is the first study regarding the association of TF gene −603A/G and +5466A>G polymorphisms with VTE in malignancy. Materials and Me thods: The study consists of two groups: cancer patients with VTE were included as Group 1 (n = 46); Group 2 comprises 196 cancer patients without VTE. Restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used for the detection of polymorphisms of TF −603A/G in the 5՛upstream region and TF 5466A/G in intron 2. FVL, PT G20210A and MTHFR C677T polymorphisms were determined by using commercially available Light Cycler kits. The genotype and allele frequencies between the groups were compared using χ2 or Fisher exact test, if appropriate. Results: No differences were observed in the distribution of TF gene −603A/G genotype frequencies between the groups. Although a slightly increased incidence of +5466GA genotype was in Group 1 (17.4% vs 11.2%), it did not achieve statistical significance. The prevalence of FVL was significantly greater in Group 1 compared with Group 2 (41.3% vs 4.1%, p < 0.05). Difference in frequency of 677TT+CT (MTHFR) + 5466GG (TF) genotypes combination was found in women of two investigated Groups (p < 0.05). No differences were also in genotypes and allele frequencies of MTHFR C677T and PT G20210A between two Groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The present study did not show significant association of TF gene −603A/G and +5466A>G polymorphisms with VTE in malignancy, however, further larger studies including different ethnic population are needed to confirm our findings.
SCIENTIFIC-PRACTICAL AND LEGAL PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
Authors: Bezdieniezhnykh N O , Reznikova V V , Rossylna O V
Published: January 2019

The article is devoted to the comprehensive analysis of scientific, practical and legal issues of personalized medicine that is a rapidly developing science-driven approach to healthcare. It is concluded that there is lack of general legal framework for the encouragement of scientific researches and practical implementation in this field. The article shows foreign experience and prospects for the introduction of personalized medicine as a key concept of healthcare system, which is based on a selection of diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive measures that would be the most effective for a particular person in view of individual characteristics. The conclusions and proposals to improve the current legislation and development of personalized medicine in Ukraine are suggested.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar IPS Materi Masa Penjajahan Belanda dan Jepang dengan Menggunakan Metode Questions Flag pada Siswa Kelas V SDN Tawangmas 01 Semarang Tahun Pelajaran 2012/2013
Authors: . Rustantiningsih
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis upaya guru dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS materi “masa penjajahan Belanda dan Jepang” dengan menggunakan media Questions Flag pada siswa kelas V SDN Tawangmas 01 Semarang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada siswa kelas V SDN Tawangmas 01 Semarang dengan jumlah siswa 34. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan 2 (dua) siklus. Masing-masing siklus terdiri atas kegiatan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan non-tes. Sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Penggunaan media Questions Flag secara optimal dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS materi “masa penjajahan Jepang dan Belanda” pada siswa kelas V SDN Tawangmas 01 Semarang. Peningkatan tersebut dapat dibuktikan dari ketercapaian indikator keberhasilan penelitian tindakan kelas dan adanya peningkatan rata-rata hasil belajar IPS dari siklus I sebesar 73 menjadi 81 pada siklus II. Sedangkan untuk pencapaian ketuntasan belajar individual, siklus I sebesar 71% dan siklus II sebesar 85%, (2) Penggunaan media Questions Flag secara optimal dapat merubah perilaku siswa dalam pembelajaran IPS materi “masa penjajahan Jepang dan Belanda” pada siswa kelas V SDN Tawangmas 01 Semarang . Perubahan tersebut dapat dilihat dari terciptanya enjoyable learning. Siswa lebih bersemangat dalam pembelajaran, aktif dalam melaksanakan tugas, mampu menjawab pertanyaan, cepat dalam melaksanakan tugas, tepat dalam mengerjakan tugas, dan yang paling utama hasil belajar siswa juga meningkat.
Metastasectomy in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review
Authors: Achkar Tala , Maranchie Jodi K. , Appleman Leonard J.
Published: January 2019

Introduction:

Metastasectomy for advanced renal cell carcinoma has been practiced for over 80 years. However, there is uncertainty regarding the clinical benefit of this procedure and the optimum selection of appropriate patients.

Materials and Methods:

A systematic literature search was conducted according to the PRISMA statement to identify studies that reported outcomes in patients who underwent metastasectomy at any time. Primary endpoints were overall and disease-free survival. Radiation therapy studies were not included. Case reports and series with less than 20 patients were not included.

Results:

Forty-four studies were identified that met the criteria for inclusion, with a total of 4195 patients. No studies that randomized patients to surgery versus no surgery were identified. Disease-free interval, number of metastatic sites and completeness of resection were prognostic for overall survival in many of the included studies. Seventeen studies included patients with lung metastases only (1465 patients in total).

Conclusions:

Case series have documented patients with prolonged disease-free interval and survival after metastasectomy. However, without randomized data, the impact of metastasectomy on outcomes in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) remains unknown, especially in the evolving landscape of systemic therapies.
The ‘Achilles Heel’ of Metabolism in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Glutaminase Inhibition as a Rational Treatment Strategy
Authors: Hoerner Christian R. , Chen Viola J. , Fan Alice C.
Published: January 2019

An important hallmark of cancer is ‘metabolic reprogramming’ or the rewiring of cellular metabolism to support rapid cell proliferation [ 1 – 5 ]. Metabolic reprogramming through oncometabolite-mediated transformation or activation of oncogenes in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) globally impacts energy production as well as glucose and glutamine utilization in RCC cells, which can promote dependence on glutamine supply to support cell growth and proliferation [ 6 , 7 ]. Novel inhibitors of glutaminase, a key enzyme in glutamine metabolism, target glutamine addiction as a viable treatment strategy in metastatic RCC (mRCC). Here, we review glutamine metabolic pathways and how changes in cellular glutamine utilization enable the progression of RCC. This overview provides scientific rationale for targeting this pathway in patients with mRCC. We will summarize the current understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying anti-tumor efficacy of glutaminase inhibitors in RCC, provide an overview of clinical efforts targeting glutaminase in mRCC, and review approaches for identifying biomarkers for patient stratification and detecting therapeutic response early on in patients treated with this novel class of anti-cancer drug. Ultimately, results of ongoing clinical trials will demonstrate whether glutaminase inhibition can be a worthy addition to the current armamentarium of drugs used for patients with mRCC.
Assessment of fecal calprotectin concentration in samples from patients with Clostridium difficile infection
Authors: Wultańska Dorota , Obuch-Woszczatyński Piotr , Piotrowski Michał , Pituch Hanna
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) can cause of nosocomial diarrhoea and intestinal inflammation. Fecal calprotectin (fc) is a sensitive marker of intestinal inflammation, found to be associated with enteric bacterial infections as C. difficile infection (CDI).
Materials and Methods: We evaluated faecal calprotectin (fc) levels using a Ridascreen® Calprotectin test (R-Biopharm AG) in faecal samples of CDI positive patients diagnosed by C. Diff Quik Chek Complete (TechLab; Blacksburg, VA, USA and Alere; Waltham, MA, USA) test. Statistical analysis was performed for correlation of fc levels with infection with different C. difficile PCR-ribotypes (RTs). The study involved two groups of faecal samples: 58 samples with glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) plus TOX A/B positive and second group were 17 samples from healthy adults without diarrhoea and GDH/TOX A/B negative. All samples (n=75) were plated on CLO selective agar (bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France) to grow a C. difficile strain. RTs was defined using specific primers.
Results: From 75 stool samples, 47 strains of C. difficile were cultured only from diarrheal patients. In 58 diarrhoeic stool samples, the range of calprotectin concentrations were 199.7-1137.15 μg/g (>150μg/g, elevated concentration), which indicates on inflammatory process. C. difficile strains belonged to the following RTs: RT 027 (n=39), RT 020 (n=4), RT 176 (n=2), RT 001 (n=1) and RT 017 (n=1). In the 17 samples from the healthy adults, the range of calprotectin concentrations was 12.1-25.3 μg/g stool (FC normal concentration C. difficile strain was not cultured.
Conclusions: The study found a differentiated level of calprotectin in the gastrointestinal tract in patients with CDI. There were no statistically significant differences in the concentration of calprotectin between patients infected with RT027 and different PCR ribotypes than RT027 (p >0,05). However, it should be emphasized that these tests carried out on a small number of samples. Examination of relationship between level of calprotectin and genetic type of C. difficile causing CDI requires further investigation.
Eliminating Invisible Barriers
Authors: Rzepka Christine Hagion
Published: January 2019

One of the top reasons given for use of the internet is the ability to search for health information. However, much of the planning for web-based health information often fails to consider accessibility issues. If health care organizations and community agencies’ web sites have the latest, most wellresearched information on the health topics of the day, it is useless to those who cannot access it because of invisible technological barriers. Many flashy, high-tech sites were designed only to appeal to the needs of the mainstream population, with no consideration given to how people with disabilities must adapt their use of the web in order to access information. This article addresses issues of access specific to web site development, and will explore barriers to accessibility frequently experienced by web users with disabilities, requirements for ADA compliance, and how people with disabilities use the web. Web site accessibility guidelines, as well as simple evaluation tools, will be discussed. A thorough review of the article will enable even the least tech-savvy of health educators to enhance their skills in planning and evaluating web sites to promote access for people with disabilities.