bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aranjuez en verso: Descriptio , autoencomio y divulgación en la “Égloga pastoril” (1582) atribuida a Luis Gómez de Tapia
Authors: Lorenzo Javier
Published: November 2024

Resumen: Entre mediados del siglo XVI y las últimas décadas del XVII floreció en España un nuevo tipo de poesía dedicado a la descripción y alabanza de jardines. Vinculado estrechamente al elogio de las residencias que reyes, aristócratas y altos dignatarios de la Iglesia edificaron en sus dominios campestres y urbanos, este nuevo género poético se convirtió pronto, sin embargo, en un importante vehículo para ensalzar de forma indirecta las facultades descriptivas del poeta y su capacidad para dar a conocer a través de ellas espacios solamente accesibles para una minoría. Este uso indirecto del poema jardín como instrumento válido para el autoencomio y la divulgación resulta patente, como discuto en mi trabajo, en la composición que inaugura en España esta nueva modalidad poética, la “Égloga pastoril en la que se describe el bosque de Aranjuez y el nacimiento de la serenísima infanta Doña Isabel de España.” En este poema, inserto en el Libro de la montería de Alfonso XI que el humanista sevillano Gonzalo Argote de Molina reeditó en 1582, la descripción del Real Sitio de Aranjuez aparece salpicada de referencias a las destrezas verbales del poeta y a su poder para internar por medio de ellas al lector en uno de los lugares de recreo favoritos de Felipe II.
Gain-loss disorder sensing by dielectric metasurfaces operated on the trapped mode
Authors: Liang Lin , Hlushchenko Anton , Andrieieva Oksana , Tuz Vladimir
Published: November 2024

Dielectric metasurfaces are a promising platform for implementing lasers and sensors. These two-dimensional metastructures support trapped modes with record-low losses. In this paper, we propose a metasurface operated on the trapped mode which strongly responds to gain-loss perturbations. The metasurface under study is made of dielectric disk-shaped resonators regularly arranged on a thick substrate and covered by a superstrate. The perturbations are caused by the inhomogeneity of doping of the superstrate or semiconductor disks. The dielectric properties of an inhomogeneous substance are described by the randomized Weierstrass function. The presence of inhomogeneity in the constitutive material leads to the appearance of radiative losses, which in turn results in the trapped mode excitation in the metasurface. Thus, the resonance quality factor can be considered as a measure of the inhomogeneity in the doped material.
Using facial reaction analysis and machine learning to objectively assess the taste of medicines in children
Authors: Aziza Rabia , Alessandrini Elisa , Matthews Clare , Ranmal Sejal R , Zhou Ziyu , Davies Elin Haf , Tuleu Catherine
Published: November 2024

For orally administered drugs, palatability is key in ensuring patient acceptability and treatment compliance. Therefore, understanding children’s taste sensitivity and preferences can support formulators in making paediatric medicines more acceptable. Presently, we explore if the application of computer-vision techniques to videos of children’s reaction to gustatory taste strips can provide an objective assessment of palatability. Children aged 4 to 11 years old tasted four different flavoured strips: no taste, bitter, sweet, and sour. Data was collected at home, under the supervision of a guardian, with responses recorded using the Aparito Atom app and smartphone camera. Participants scored each strip on a 5-point hedonic scale. Facial landmarks were identified in the videos, and quantitative measures, such as changes around the eyes, nose, and mouth, were extracted to train models to classify strip taste and score. We received 197 videos and 256 self-reported scores from 64 participants. The hedonic scale elicited expected results: children like sweetness, dislike bitterness and have varying opinions for sourness. The findings revealed the complexity and variability of facial reactions and highlighted specific measures, such as eyebrow and mouth corner elevations, as significant indicators of palatability. This study capturing children’s objective reactions to taste sensations holds promise in identifying palatable drug formulations and assessing patient acceptability of paediatric medicines. Moreover, collecting data in the home setting allows for natural behaviour, with minimal burden for participants.
Incidence trends and specific risk factors of ischemic heart disease and stroke: An ecological analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease 2019
Authors: Xia Ruiqi , Cai Min , Wang Ziyang , Liu Xuebo , Pei Jianfeng , Zaid Maryam , Xu Wanghong
Published: November 2024

Distribution of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases has been changing globally, which may account for the discrepant temporal trends of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke. To test the hypothesis and identify potential contributing factors, we designed an ecological study based on the GDB-2019 data and extracted age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) of IHD and stroke, and summary exposure values (SEVs) of 87 attributable factors. A declining trend was observed for ASIRs of stroke (globally from 181.4 to 150.8/100,000 during 1990 and 2019, with an average annual percentage change of -0.64%) and IHD (globally from 316.4 to 262.4/100,000, with an average annual percentage change of -0.67%). However, the ASIR of IHD increased in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa, Western Sub-Saharan Africa, East Asia, Central Asia, and Oceania, particularly in Uzbekistan and other 55 countries experiencing rapid socioeconomic translation. Eight factors, i.e. diet high in trans-fatty acids, diet low in calcium, high body-mass index, household air pollution from solid fuels, non-exclusive breastfeeding, occupational ergonomic factors, Vitamin A deficiency, and occupational exposure to particulate matter, gases, and fumes, were reversely associated with the ASIR of IHD and stroke at the country level. Ecological trend analysis also illustrated significant reverse associations of the factors with the ASIRs of IHD and stroke in in Western Sub-Saharan Africa, East Asia, and Oceania, but consistent associations in countries classified by the World Bank income levels. The results indicate the contributions of altered exposures to the eight factors in the discrepant trends of IHD and stroke across regions and countries, and suggest the determinant role of socioeconomic development in covariant of the risk factors with the incidences of IHD and stroke.
Coping strategies and perceptions of mental health services among women in South India
Authors: Weaver Lesley Jo , Jagielski Alex , Ningaiah Nagalambika , Madhivanan Purnima , Jaykrishna Poornima , Krupp Karl
Published: November 2024

Objectives

Lack of engagement with mental health services is a challenge for Global Mental Health research and intervention in lower- and middle-income settings. In India particularly, there is a significant treatment gap for people experiencing common mental disorders. This exploratory mixed-method study investigated women’s attitudes toward mental healthcare in Mysuru, India, and investigated what distress copings strategies they used in their everyday lives.

Methods

We conducted qualitative interviews and administered a depression symptom screener with a community-based sample of 54 adult women. Interviews asked women to comment on their own distress experiences and stress management techniques, as well as their dispositions toward seeking mental healthcare for themselves or others.

Results

Nearly 65 percent of the study sample screened for any level of depression risk, but only 5 had ever received mental healthcare. Around 20 percent of women stated that they would hypothetically be open to receiving such care. Yet, there was strong agreement across the study sample that mental healthcare was not an appropriate resource for addressing their own distress. Most women who rejected mental healthcare mentioned concerns about stigma and lack of perceived need or treatment inadequacy as their main reasons. Women described a broad range of coping strategies they used for dealing with distress, and which they reported as being effective. Many of these approaches resemble behavioral and talk therapies used in psychology and psychiatry.

Conclusions

Women in this study generally did not view clinical mental healthcare as an appropriate treatment for their distress. Many already had effective strategies for managing their distress and analogous to existing psychological behavioral and talk therapies. A better understanding of why people reject mental healthcare is necessary for increasing the success of mental health interventions, and for developing new intervention approaches that support coping outside of clinical encounters.
Spatial and temporal modeling of the global burden of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Brazil: A 21-year ecological study
Authors: Reis Erica Santos dos , Paz Wandklebson Silva , Santos Ramos Rosália Elen , Nunes Ribeiro Caíque Jordan , Biano Laiza Santos , Bezerra-Santos Márcio , de Oliveira Camila Indiani , Lipscomb Michael Wheeler , de Moura Tatiana Rodrigues
Published: November 2024

Background

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical disease endemic in Brazil. Morbidity and disabilities caused by CL lesions require an analysis of a Global Burden of Disease (GBD), which would help discern the impact on the Brazilian population. Herein, we assess the burden of CL and its spatial and temporal patterns in Brazil between 2001 and 2021.

Methodology/Principal findings

We estimated rates per 100,000 population for years lived with disabilities (YLD), years of life lost prematurely (YLL) and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) for each year of the study, sex assigned at birth, age group, and for each municipality in Brazil. In addition, the relative changes in these metrics over time for each region and sex were determined, as well as temporal trends using segmented joinpoint regression models. Using spatiotemporal analysis tools, we created choropleth maps representing DALY, YLD and YLL for three distinct periods (P1 = 2001 to 2007; P2 = 2008 to 2014; P3 = 2015 to 2021). These maps were constructed to visualize the inferences from Bayesian spatial statistics and Moran’s autocorrelation using the Poisson model. The data were obtained from the DATASUS database. Although the global burden of CL has reduced over two decades, with the continual high impact among adults aged 20 to 39 years. In turn, YLL increased over time in 40-year-old populations, while among the elderly (>60 years old) this rate almost doubled from 2010 to 2021. Regarding the region of residence, we observed an average increase of 28% in YLL in Southeast, South and Central-West. Furthermore, the global burden of CL does not have a random spatial distribution, since there was a high-risk clustering of YLD in the north of the country. Interestingly, the YLL showed a vast geographic expansion through Brazilian territory.

Conclusions

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the burden of CL in Brazil, pointing out areas of highest disease burden, where control and surveillance efforts should be undertaken.
The 3D dynamic visualization simulation of rice plant based on morphological structure model and the application in phenotypic calculation
Authors: Zhang Yonghui , Zhang Yujie , Zhang Peng , Tang Liang , Liu Xiaojun , Cao Weixing , Zhu Yan
Published: November 2024

The virtual crop stands as a vital content in crop model research field, and has become an indispensable tool for exploring crop phenotypes. The focal objective of this undertaking is to realize three-dimensional (3D) dynamic visualization simulations of rice individual and rice populations, as well as to predict rice phenotype using virtual rice. Leveraging our laboratory’s existing research findings, we have realized 3D dynamic visualizations of rice individual and populations across various growth degree days (GDD) by integrating the synchronization relationship between the above-ground parts and the root system in rice plant. The resulting visualization effects are realistic with better predictive capability for rice morphological changes. We conducted a field experiment in Anhui Province in 2019, and obtained leaf area index data for two distinct rice cultivars at the tiller stage, jointing stage, and flowering stage. A method of segmenting leaf based on the virtual rice model is employed to predict the leaf area index. A comparative analysis between the measured and simulated leaf area index yielded relative errors spanning from 7.58% to 12.69%. Additionally, the root mean square error, the mean absolute error, and the coefficient of determination were calculated as 0.56, 0.55, and 0.86, respectively. All the evaluation criteria indicate a commendable level of accuracy. These advancements provide both technical and modeling support for the development of virtual crops and the prediction of crop phenotypes.
Healthcare providers’ pain management practice and its associated factors in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta- analysis
Authors: Kefale Demewoz , Aytenew Tigabu Munye , Kassie Yohannes Tesfahun , Kebede Melese , Mekie Maru , Wondim Mahilet , Zeleke Shegaw , Demis Solomon , Baye Astewle Andargie , Bishaw Keralem Anteneh , Nibret Gedefaye , Eshetie Yeshiambaw , Muche Zelalem Tilahun , Shimels Habtamu , Chanie Muluken , Endalew Mastewal , Asferie Worku Necho , kassaw Amare
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Pain is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Under -treatment of pain continues to be a major health care problem in Ethiopia. Although it has this problem, it receives limited research attention. This systematic review and meta-analysis will provide valuable insights of prevalence and its factors of healthcare providers’ pain management practice in Ethiopia.

Methods

This systematic review and meta-analysis followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Universal online databases such as PubMed, Cochrane, Google, Google Scholar, SCOPUS, Web of Science and Global Health were used to search for articles. Microsoft Excel for data extraction and STATA17 for data analysis were used. DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was used to pool the odds ratios across studies and compute the overall pooled prevalence and its predictors. Egger’s test with funnel plot symmetry and Cochrane’s Q test was used to assess publication bias and heterogeneity respectively.

Results

The overall pooled prevalence of health care providers’ pain management practice was 39.6% (95% CI: 34.8, 44.5); I2 = 97.0%; P<0.001). Availability of pain management protocol (AOR = 5.1, 95%CI: 3.6, 6.7), Accessibility of analgesia (AOR = 4.5, 95%CI: 1.96, 7.0), higher educational level (AOR = 3.3, 95%CI: 2.5, 4.1), being female (AOR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.6, 3.1), took training (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.8, 3.6), decreased work load (AOR = 4.9, 95% CI: -1.9, 11.7), increased work experience (AOR = 3.9, 95% CI: 2.9, 5.1), Being midwifery profession (AOR = 2.5,95% CI: 1.6, 3.4), having good attitude (AOR = 3.9,95%CI: 2.5, 5.4) and being knowledgeable (AOR = 4.2, 95%CI: 2.8, 5.6) of health care providers towards pain management practice were significantly associated in Ethiopia.

Conclusion

The overall prevalence of pain management practice among healthcare providers in Ethiopia is low compared with a national target of pain free hospital initiatives in Ethiopia. It needs a call to build health care providers’ ongoing education, training, professional development and manageable workload.
Time-Series analysis of short-term exposure to air pollutants and daily hospital admissions for stroke in Tabriz, Iran
Authors: Razzaghi Shahryar , Mousavi Saeid , Jaberinezhad Mehran , Farshbaf Khalili Ali , Banan Khojasteh Seyed Mahdi
Published: November 2024

Background

Air pollution is considered one of the risk factors for stroke prevalence in the long term and incidence in the short term. Tabriz is one of the most important industrial cities in Iran. Hence, air pollution has always been one of the main concerns in environmental health in the region.

Method

The patient data were retrieved from electronic health records of the primary tertiary hospital of the city (Imam Reza Hospital). Air pollution data was obtained from the Environmental Protection Agency and is generated by 8 sensor stations spread across the city. Average daily values were calculated for CO, NO, NO, NOx, O3, SO2, PM2.5, and PM10 from hourly measurement data. Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA-X) model with 3 lag days was developed to assess the correlation.

Results

Air pollutants and hospital admission data were collected for 1821 day and includes 4865 stroke cases. our analysis showed no statistically significant association between the daily concentrations of CO (p = 0.41), NOx (p = 0.96), O3 (p = 0.65), SO2 (p = 0.91), PM2.5 (p = 0.44), and PM10 (p = 0.36). Only the binary COVID variable which was used to distinguish between COVID-19 era and other days, was significant (p value = 0.042). The goodness of fit measures, Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and Median Absolute Error (MAE) were 1.81 and 1.19, respectively.

Conclusion

In contrast to previous reports on the subject, we did not find any pollutant significantly associated with an increased number of stroke patients.
Automated classification of pollen grains microscopic images using cognitive attention based on human Two Visual Streams Hypothesis
Authors: Zolfaghari Mohammad , Sajedi Hedieh
Published: November 2024

Aerobiology is a branch of biology that studies microorganisms passively transferred by the air. Bacteria, viruses, fungal spores, tiny insects, and pollen grains are samples of microorganisms. Pollen grains classification is essential in medicine, agronomy, economy, etc. It is performed traditionally (manually) and automatically. The automated approach is faster, more accurate, cost-effective, and with less human intervention than the manual method. In this paper, we introduce a Residual Cognitive Attention Network (RCANet) for the automated classification of pollen grains microscopic images. The suggested attention block, Ventral-Dorsal Ateetntion Block (VDAB), is designed based on the ventral (temporal) and dorsal (parietal) pathways of the occipital lobe. It is embedded in each Basic Block of the architecture of ResNet18. The VDAB is composed of ventral and dorsal attention blocks. The ventral and dorsal streams detect the structure and location of the pollen grain, respectively. According to the mentioned pathways, the Ventral Attention Block (VAB) extracts the channels related to the shape of the pollen grain, and the Dorsal Attention Block (DAB) is focused on its position. Three publicly pollen grains datasets including the Cretan Pollen Dataset (CPD), Pollen13K, and Pollen23E are employed for experiments. The ResNet18 and the proposed method (RCANet) are trained on the datasets and the proposed RCANet obtained higher performance metrics than the ResNet18 in the test step. It achieved weighted F1-score values of 98.69%, 97.83%, and 98.24% with CPD, Pollen13K, and Pollen23E datasets, respectively.
Simulation design to find the welfare impacts of livestock trading and disease transmission
Authors: Hwang Hyeonjun
Published: November 2024

This study designs a theoretical model and simulation model that can explain the welfare impacts of disease transmission that occurs in livestock trade. A household production model and a SIR model are used to find theoretical profitable conditions for infectious livestock trading and prices and quantities for transactions. Under the theoretical conditions an agent-based model is used to simulate livestock transactions to compare social impacts based on the number of livestock, household wealth and income, and wealth inequality. Asymmetric information is used to assign tendencies of livestock trading agents. Buyers are assumed to be uninformed about the health status of livestock owned or used by sellers, while sellers are either uninformed for their herd’s health status, and if informed, the sellers’ behavior of selecting infectious livestock for transactions is divided into selfish selection and altruistic selection. The simulation results reveal that livestock losses are higher when trading occurs, but overall economic welfare tends to increase with trade. Interestingly, when sellers selfishly sell sick animals, average household wealth and income peak, albeit with greater wealth inequality.
Changes in the microflora on the seed surface and seed vigor of maize (Zea mays) under different conditions
Authors: Zhang Junming , Xing Zhenzhen , Gu Fengxu , Wang Yulu , Wang Tianbo , Chen Junying
Published: November 2024

Seed vigor encompasses the germination capacity, ability to form seedlings, and potential for production of seeds, and during storage, the deterioration of seed vigor is an inevitable biological process. However, changes in the microflora of the seed surface and seed vigor under different storage conditions have rarely been studied. In this study, the changes in fungal species on the surface and embryo and their effects of the hybrid maize cultivar Zhengdan958 seeds under different storage conditions were studied. The seed vigor was evaluated according to standard germination, MDA content, respiration rate, ATP content and the integrity of the ATP synthase subunits of seed embryos, with the aim of providing a basis for revealing the molecular mechanism of seed deterioration. The results revealed that at 33% relative humidity (RH), the dominant microflora constituent on the seed surface was Fusarium sp. In the seed embryo, the dominant microflora constituent was Aspergillus fumigatus. At 91% RH, the dominant microflora constituent on the seed surface was Aspergillus Jensen. In the seed embryo, the dominant microflora constituent was Penicillium sp. With the increased RH in the storage environment, the seed germination rate decreased by 86.67%. The respiration rate decreased by 0.04 mg·g-1·h-1 after 24 h imbibition. The seed embryo was hardly stained via TTC. The MDA content increased by 0.99 nmol·g-1, and the ATP content decreased by 0.33 μmol·g-1 after 24 h imbibition. The mRNA integrity of ATP synthase α, β, γ and δ subunits, except for ε subunit, in the seed embryo decreased to different degrees. These findings suggest that a change in the microflora is one of the most important factors causing a decrease in or total loss of seed vigor.
Development of a novel complex inflammatory bowel disease mouse model: Reproducing human inflammatory bowel disease etiologies in mice
Authors: Seo Sun-Min , Kim Na-Won , Yoo Eun-Seon , Lee Ji-Hun , Kang Ah-Reum , Jeong Han-Bi , Shim Won-Yong , Kim Dong-Hyun , Park Young-Jun , Bae Kieun , Yoon Kyong-Ah , Choi Yang-Kyu
Published: November 2024

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), caused by environmental factors associated with the host’s genetic traits, is represented by Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Despite the increasing number of patients with IBD, the current treatment is limited to symptomatic therapy. A complex IBD model mimicking the human IBD etiology is required to overcome this limitation. Herein, we developed novel complex IBD models using interleukin 2 receptor subunit gamma (Il2rg)-deficient mice, high-fat diet, dextran sodium sulfate, and Citrobacter rodentium. The more IBD factors applied complexly, colon length shortened and inflammation worsened. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines increased with increased IBD factors. Anti-inflammatory cytokine decreased in all factors application but increased in Il2rg deficiency and Westernized diet combination. Additionally, the pro-inflammatory transcription factors and leaky intestinal epithelial marker were upregulated by a combination of IBD factors. Species diversity decreased with IBD factors. Phylogenetic diversity decreased as IBD factors were applied but increased with combined Il2rg deficiency and Westernized diet. The more IBD factors applied complexly, the more severe the dysbiosis. Finally, we developed a novel complex IBD model using various IBD factors. This model more closely mimic human IBD based on colonic inflammation and dysbiosis than the previous models. Based on these results, our novel complex IBD model could be a valuable tool for further IBD research.
Association of intra-articular injection and knee arthroscopy prior to primary knee replacement with the timing and outcomes of surgery: Retrospective cohort study using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD database
Authors: Strang Matthew , Broomfield John , Whitehouse Michael , Kunutsor Setor , Glyn-Jones Sion , Delmestri Antonella , Blom Ashley , Judge Andrew
Published: November 2024

Background

Patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis may undergo non-surgical interventions such as intra-articular steroid injections and knee arthroscopy. This study aimed to investigate their association with the timing and outcomes of subsequent primary knee replacement.

Methods and findings

Observational retrospective analysis of linked Clinical Practice Research Datalink, Hospital Episode Statistics, Patient Reported Outcome Measures (CPRD GOLD-HES-PROMS) data of 38,494 patients undergoing primary knee replacements in England. Prior use of intra-articular steroid injections and knee arthroscopy were identified. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs were estimated for primary outcomes of revision and reoperation using Cox regression. Secondary outcomes included time from first diagnosis of ipsilateral knee osteoarthritis to knee replacement, 6-month post-operative Oxford Knee Scores (OKS), mortality (90-days and 3-months), and post-operative surgical site infection (SSI) (3-months) using linear and logistic regression. Prior steroid injections were associated with an increased risk of revision (HR = 1.25 95%CI (1.06 to 1.49)), re-operation (HR = 1.18 95%CI (1.05 to 1.32)), and SSI (HR = 3.10 95%CI (1.14 to 8.46). Timing from diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis to knee replacement was 6 months longer in patients receiving steroid injections. Knee arthroscopy was associated with an increased risk of revision (HR = 3.14 95%CI (2.64 to 3.73)), re-operation (HR = 3.25 95%CI (2.89 to 3.66)), lower post-operative OKS -1.63 95%CI (-2.31 to -0.95). Both interventions were associated with a lower risk of mortality.

Conclusions

Steroid injection and knee arthroscopy prior to primary knee replacement are each associated with worse outcomes. The observed association of lower mortality risk is suggestive of confounding by indication. The observed associations in this study could be used to inform shared decision making with patients on the treatment pathway for knee osteoarthritis.
Machine learning estimates on the impacts of detection times on wildfire suppression costs
Authors: Huang Michael Shucheng , Wichmann Bruno
Published: November 2024

As climate warming exacerbates wildfire risks, prompt wildfire detection is an essential step in designing an efficient suppression strategy, monitoring wildfire behavior and, when necessary, issuing evacuation orders. In this context, there is increasing demand for estimates of returns on wildfire investments and their potential for cost savings. Using fire-level data from Western Canada during 2015–2020, the paper associates variation in wildfire reporting delays with variation in suppression costs. We use machine learning and orthogonalization methods to isolate the impact of reporting delays from nonlinear impacts of the fire environment. We find that reporting delays account for only three percent of total suppression costs. Efforts to improve detection and reduce wildfire reporting delays by one hour lead to a modest 0.25% reduction in suppression costs. These results suggest that investments in detection systems that reduce wildfire reporting delays are not justified on suppression costs savings alone.
Classical cadherins evolutionary constraints in primates is associated with their expression in the central nervous system
Authors: Petersen Max , Reyes-Vigil Fredy , Campo Marc , Brusés Juan L.
Published: November 2024

Classical cadherins (CDH) comprise a family of single-pass transmembrane glycoproteins that contribute to tissue morphogenesis by regulating cell-cell adhesion, cytoskeletal dynamics, and cell signaling. CDH are grouped into type I (CDH 1, 2, 3, 4 and 15) and type II (CDH 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 18, 20, 22 and 24), based on the folding of the cadherin binding domain involved in trans-dimer formation. CDH are exclusively found in metazoans, and the origin and expansion of the gene family coincide with the emergence of multicellularity and vertebrates respectively. This study examined the evolutionary changes of CDH orthologs in primates and the factors that influence selective pressure to investigate the varying constraints exerted among CDH. Pairwise comparisons of the number of amino acid substitutions and of the ratio of non-synonymous substitutions per non-synonymous sites (dN) over synonymous substitutions per synonymous sites (dS), show that CDH2, CDH4, and most type II CDH have been under significantly higher negative selective pressure as compared to CDH1, CDH3, CDH5 and CDH19. Evaluation of gene essentiality as determined by the effect of germline deletion on animal viability, morphogenic phenotype, and reproductive fitness, show no correlation with the with extent of negative selection observed on CDH. Spearman’s correlation analysis shows a positive correlation between CDH expression levels (E) in mouse and human tissues and their rate of evolution (R), as observed in most proteins expressed on the cell surface. However, CDH expression in the CNS show a significant E-R negative correlation, indicating that the strong negative selection exerted on CDH2, CDH4, and most type II CDH is associated with their expression in the CNS. CDH participate in a variety of cellular processes in the CNS including neuronal migration and functional assembly of neural circuits, which could profoundly influence animal fitness. Therefore, our findings suggest that the unusually high negative selective pressure exerted on CDH2, CDH4 and most type II CDH is due to their role in CNS formation and function and may have contributed to shape the evolution of the CNS in primates.
Does foreign direct investment affect environmental degradation: Evidence from largest carbon intense countries
Authors: Kutlu Furtuna Ozlem , Atis Selin
Published: November 2024

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and environmental degradation are some of the most controversial debates, especially in the context of global warming and climate change. This study aims to shed light on the impact of FDI on environmental degradation in the countries with the highest carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, taking into account 513 country-years between the years 1996 and 2022. CO2 and the ecological footprint were used as indicators of environmental degradation. The possible non-linear linkage between FDI and environmental degradation has also been analyzed. Gross domestic product (GDP) growth and inflation rate were used as control variables. The results of the panel data analysis show a U-shaped relationship between FDI and carbon emissions which means carbon emissions decrease to a certain level with increasing FDI investment and after this level, increasing FDI increases the environmental degradation in terms of carbon emissions. Moreover, FDI and the non-linear form of FDI have no significant influence on ecological footprint. This study also highlights the importance of international agreements and frameworks, such as the Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement, in guiding nations towards a more sustainable future. These empirical results are vital for regulators, emphasizing the need for a holistic and multidimensional approach to both economic prosperity and environmental protection.
Quantifying information in structural representations
Authors: Mann Stephen
Published: November 2024

The goal of this paper is to show that the information carried by a structural representation can be decomposed into the information carried by its component parts. In particular, the relations between the components of a structural representation carry quantifiable information about the relations between components of their signifieds. It follows that the information carried by cognitive structural representations, including cognitive maps, can in principle be quantified and decomposed. This is perhaps surprising given that the formal tools of communication theory have typically only been applied to simpler representation-like states without significant structure, such as detectors or indicators. In the final section I consider using computational complexity theory to capture the processing advantages afforded by structural representation.
A novel approach to nonlinear fractional volterra integral equations
Authors: Hussein Mohammed Abdulshareef , Jassim Hassan Kamil
Published: November 2024

Nonlinear Fractional Volterra integral equations (FVIEs) of the first kind present challenges due to their intricate nature, combining fractional calculus and integral equations. In this research paper, we introduce a novel method for solving such equations using Leibniz integral rules. Our study focuses on a thorough analysis and application of the proposed algorithm to solve fractional Volterra integral equations. By using Leibniz integral rules, we offer a fresh perspective on handling these equations, shedding light on their fundamental properties and behaviours. As a result of this study, we anticipate contributing distinctively to the broader development of analytical tools and techniques. By bridging the gap between fractional calculus and integral equations, our approach not only offers a valuable computational methodology but also paves the way for new insights into the application domains in which such equations arise.
Prácticas del Fracaso: Hacia un hacer educativo del goce y la compación
Authors: Cáceres Jaramillo Juan Fernando
Published: November 2024

Este artículo recoge las reflexiones finales de la tesis doctoral Prácticas del Fracaso: Lugar de indisciplinamiento y contraacademia, desarrollada en el marco del Doctorado en Estudios Artísticos de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. En él, me enfoco principalmente en cómo el laboratorio de investigación/creación de Prácticas del Fracaso, que tiene lugar en la Maestría de Estudios Artísticos de la misma universidad, apuesta por un desplazamiento del conocimiento ilustrado y la razón discursiva en favor de una educación sensible y poiética, donde la conciencia de nuestra corporeidad juega un papel fundamental para detonar nuestros actos creativos. El texto rescata la importancia de un pensar poético e imaginativo dentro del aula, con el fin de desmantelar las prácticas hegemónicas de la educación occidental dominante.
La arqueología medial como “pantalla de la liberación” en la Fuente del Lavapatas.
Authors: Aguilar Gómez Diego Andrés
Published: November 2024

Este artículo explora la noción de “pantalla” en el contexto latinoamericano a través del estudio de la Fuente del Lavapatas en San Agustín, Huila, presentándola como una manifestación de “pantallas lugarizadas”. Al trascender la visión convencional de conservación, se aborda la Fuente como un complejo mediador entre diversas realidades: lo material y lo inmaterial, lo humano y lo más-que-humano, las temporalidades. Este trabajo revela cómo las tallas en la Fuente del Lavapatas encarnan prácticas de conocimiento y representación que conectan con saberes ancestrales, funcionando como espacios de reflexión y tránsito. Mediante un análisis interdisciplinario, se argumenta que estos umbrales culturales y tecnológicos ofrecen perspectivas únicas sobre la decolonialidad, la memoria colectiva y las epistemologías del sur. Al final, el estudio plantea una reflexión sobre la importancia de reinterpretar las tecnologías ancestrales y su papel en la configuración de narrativas contemporáneas sobre identidad, espiritualidad y resistencia cultural en la América Profunda.
Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance in Iraq
Authors: Al-Fahad Dhurgham K. , Alpofead Jawad A. , Chawsheen Mahmoud A. , Al-Naqshbandi Ahmed A. , Abas Ali T.
Published: November 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) generates serious negative impacts on health-care systems worldwide, and Iraq is not an exception. To uncover the prevalence of AMR and to visualize the magnitude of the multidrug-resistant (MDR) dilemma in Iraqi hospitals, this study is carried out. A total of 11592 clinical records from ten different health-care facilities in seven Iraqi provinces are collected and analyzed. Our data show that 4984 (43.0%) of all clinical samples are negative for bacterial growth. In adults, Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) represented 48.9% and Gram-positive bacteria (GPB) represented 51.1% of clinical isolates; in children, GNB represented 60.8% and GPB represented 39.2%. Furthermore, in adults, Klebsiella pneumoniae (30.1%) and Staphylococcus aureus (40.8%) are among the most common GNB and GPB isolates, respectively. In children, K. pneumoniae (37.9%) and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (41.8%) are the most common GNB and GPB, respectively. Adults’ samples showed that Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis were the most resistant GNB; S. aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are among the most resistant GPB. In children, K. pneumoniae is found to be the most resistant GNB. This study confirms the persistence of antimicrobial resistance and multidrug-resistant gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria in adults and children alike. Ampicillin and oxacillin have been recognized as ineffective drugs in adults, and ampicillin, nafcillin, cefoxitin, and benzylpenicillin have been found to be highly resisted by pathogenic bacteria in children. The outcomes confirm the necessity of conducting AMR surveillance on a regular basis and establishing national antibiotic prescription guidelines to manage AMR development in Iraq.
Design of a Point of Sales and Membership Integration Model at Campus Business Unit in Politeknik Negeri Manado
Authors: Paendong Melky , Kumaat Arief Perdana , Mandulangi Jufrina , Artana I Made Wahyu
Published: November 2024

Campus business units have great potential to become innovative business laboratories.  By adopting advanced information technology, campus business units can develop unique business models that are relevant to market needs. Therefore, there is a need for innovation and business strategies that enable to compete with similar business. One strategy that can be implemented is to integrate the product database with the creation of a membership program for customers.This research employs a prototyping approach for system development. This method divides the system into several stages that are directly implemented as models. The prototype is designed through use case diagram and activity diagram of each actor that involved in the process.As a result, a proposed design is able to control 6 control components, namely: Business Unit Admin, UPT Admin, Cashier, Shopkeeper, and Customer. On the other hand, the integration between the Point of Sales System and Membership can be seen in the key activities of customers and cashiers, where both parties will collaborate in controlling the transaction status, showing availability of special offers for members in the form of points or discounts, and calculating the appropriate offers for the completed transactions.
La virtud de la justicia en Aristóteles como propuesta para el desarrollo de la responsabilidad social
Authors: Aldana Piñeros Alexander , Duvanca Reyes Elizabeth
Published: November 2024

En este escrito se hace una aproximación al concepto de justicia que emplea Aristóteles en la Ética a Nicómaco, especialmente a las connotaciones que hacen de ella un obrar excelente, es decir, se hace una consideración de la justicia como un comportamiento virtuoso. Al tiempo, se establece una relación general de la justicia, en tanto virtud individual y social, con algunas teorías de la justicia y con el concepto de responsabilidad social; además, se vincula esta temática con el ejercicio académico y pedagógico de algunas asignaturas del Departamento de Humanidades de la Universidad Católica de Colombia, en particular con las electivas Cultura Ciudadana y Cultura Ciudadana y Responsabilidad Social.
Educación de la voluntad y liderazgo virtuoso: una propuesta didáctica
Authors: Santa Cruz Vera Dalia , Gaitán Acosta Karen , Maldonado Angie Johana , Reyes Velandia Viviana
Published: November 2024

El presente capítulo se propone contribuir, de manera innovadora y desde el campo de las humanidades, a la formación de la voluntad de jóvenes universitarios. Para ello, desarrolla una estrategia didáctica para la enseñanza y la práctica de las virtudes morales clásicas por medio del liderazgo virtuoso. La propuesta, a manera de workshop, es fruto del estudio y la investigación de los miembros del Semillero de Investigación “Proyecto de Vida y Misión: Escuela de Voluntariado”, a lo largo de dos años, y está dirigida a jóvenes universitarios 0entre 18 y 24 años. El escrito presenta de manera detallada cuatro de las diez sesiones diseñadas para este taller, las cuales corresponden a los títulos “Liderazgo virtuoso y talentos” y “Fortalezas y desafíos de tu temperamento”. Lo innovador de la propuesta reside en asumir que el liderazgo es una vocación a la que toda persona está llamada, pero que, para ser un auténtico líder en el trabajo, la profesión o la vida familiar, primero se debe conocer con qué talentos se cuenta, empezando por los del temperamento. De esta manera, se puede sacar el máximo provecho de aquellas fortalezas naturales e innatas ligadas a la constitución psicoemocional que cada uno posee.
Sentido de la vida y del sufrimiento: sugerencias didácticas para el trabajo con universitarios
Authors: Santa Cruz Vera Dalia , Romero Sierra Maria Cristina , Espinosa Montaña Laura Paola , Reyes Velandia Viviana , Rubio Rincón Mariana
Published: November 2024

Este capítulo tiene como objetivo brindar algunas sugerencias didácticas para abordar el tema del sentido de la vida y del sufrimiento en el contexto universitario, con el fin de contribuir, desde la reflexión humanística, a contrarrestar aquellas experiencias marcadas por el cansancio y la desesperanza de la vida mediante estrategias educativas que permitan descubrir, incluso en el sufrimiento, posibilidades de auténtico crecimiento personal. Para ello, se recurre a testimonios de personas que han vivido situaciones de profundo dolor y han logrado salir adelante, convirtiendo el sufrimiento en escuela de vida. Se proponen distintas actividades a partir de la reflexión sobre lo que pueden considerarse “lugares de sentido de la vida”: la acción creadora, el amor y el sufrimiento. Se concluye que los educadores están llamados a promover estrategias educativas novedosas para llegar al corazón y a la inteligencia de los educandos, ya que una formación seria, cercana y colmada de esperanza puede despertar en ellos fuerzas insospechadas para luchar por un propósito de vida.
Characterizations of transcendental entire solutions of trinomial partial differential-difference equations in ℂ2#
Authors: Xu Hong Yan , Haldar Goutam
Published: November 2024

This study is devoted to exploring the existence and the precise form of finite-order transcendental entire solutions of second-order trinomial partial differential-difference equations

L

(

f

)

2

+
2
h
L

(

f

)

f

(

z

1

+

c

1

,

z

2

+

c

2

)

+
f

(

z

1

+

c

1

,

z

2

+

c

2

)

2

=

e

g

(

z

1

,

z

2

)

L{(f)}^{2}+2hL(f)f\left({z}_{1}+{c}_{1},{z}_{2}+{c}_{2})+f{\left({z}_{1}+{c}_{1},{z}_{2}+{c}_{2})}^{2}={e}^{g\left({z}_{1},{z}_{2})}

and

L

˜

(

f

)

2

+
2
h

L

˜

(

f

)

(

f

(

z

1

+

c

1

,

z

2

+

c

2

)

−
f

(

z

1

,

z

2

)

)

+

(

f

(

z

1

+

c

1

,

z

2

+

c

2

)

−
f

(

z

1

,

z

2

)

)

2

=

e

g

(

z

1

,

z

2

)

,

\tilde{L}{(f)}^{2}+2h\tilde{L}(f)(f\left({z}_{1}+{c}_{1},{z}_{2}+{c}_{2})-f\left({z}_{1},{z}_{2}))+{(f\left({z}_{1}+{c}_{1},{z}_{2}+{c}_{2})-f\left({z}_{1},{z}_{2}))}^{2}={e}^{g\left({z}_{1},{z}_{2})},

where

L

(

f

)

L(f)

and

L

˜

(

f

)

\tilde{L}(f)

are defined in (2.1) and (2.2), respectively, and

g

(

z

)

g\left(z)

is a polynomial in

C

2

{{\mathbb{C}}}^{2}

. Our results are the extensions of some of the previous results of Liu et al. Also, we exhibit a series of examples to explain that the forms of transcendental entire solutions of finite-order in our results are precise.
Modeling high-pressure viscosities of fatty acid esters and biodiesel fuels based on modified rough hard-sphere-chain model and deep learning method
Authors: Hosseini Sayed Mostafa , Pierantozzi Mariano
Published: November 2024

This work aimed to demonstrate that a simple modification to the previously developed rough hard-sphere-chain (RHSC) model would significantly improve the accuracy of that model for viscosities of fatty acid esters and biodiesel fuels at extended pressures up to 200 MPa and higher isotherms. The new finding of this work is the temperature dependence of the exponential factor of the roughness factor (RF) of the earlier RHSC model as the accuracy of the original model (with an average absolute relative deviation, AARD of 8.29 % for 715 data points examined) was significantly improved achieving the AARD of 3.77 % once a universal function of reduced temperature replaced the original exponential factor of 6.4 × 10−4 for RF. Besides, the predictive capability of the modified RHSC model has been compared with original RHSC model and several previously developed semi-empirical models based on friction theory and free volume theory in literature. Expanding AARD on the progress in deep learning, our research introduces Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model that is simpler than previous models while maintaining high viscosity correlation accuracy for fatty acid esters and biodiesel fuels. The refined ANN model, with a single hidden layer and sigmoid activation function, achieved an AARD% of 0.78 %. Additionally, we conducted a thorough comparison with other deep learning architectures, affirming the effectiveness of our simplified approach for viscosity correlations.
On the δ-chromatic numbers of the Cartesian products of graphs
Authors: Tangjai Wipawee , Pho-on Witsarut , Vichitkunakorn Panupong
Published: November 2024

In this work, we study the

δ

\delta

-chromatic number of a graph, which is the chromatic number of the

δ

\delta

-complement of a graph. We give a structure of the

δ

\delta

-complements and sharp bounds on the

δ

\delta

-chromatic numbers of the Cartesian products of graphs. Furthermore, we compute the

δ

\delta

-chromatic numbers of various classes of Cartesian product graphs, including the Cartesian products among cycles, paths, and stars.