bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFEK MARINASI EKSTRAK TEPUNG BATANG KECOMBRANG TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK DAN ORGANOLEPTIK DAGING BROILER
Authors: P. I. S. RAHAYU , MIWADA I. N. S. , OKARINI I. A.
Published: December 2020

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek marinasi ekstrak tepung batang kecombrang terhadap sifat fisik dan organoleptik daging broiler. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Keempat perlakuan yaitu: daging ayam yang dimarinasi dengan ekstrak tepung batang kecombrang selama 0 jam (P0), daging ayam yang dimarinasi dengan ekstrak tepung batang kecombrang selama 1 jam (P1), daging ayam yang dimarinasi dengan ekstrak tepung batang kecombrang selama 3 jam (P2), dan daging ayam yang dimarinasi dengan ekstrak tepung batang kecombrang selama 5 jam (P3). Variabel yang diamati adalah susut masak, daya ikat air, pH, warna dan aroma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan lama marinasi daging ayam broiler dengan ekstrak tepung batang kecombrang berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap susut masak, pH, warna dan nilai kesukaan panelis terhadap aroma, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap daya ikat air. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah perlakuan lama marinasi 5 jam dengan ekstrak tepung batang kecombrang konsentrasi 6%, meningkatkan sifat fisik dan aroma subyektif filet daging ayam yang baik (susut masak 38,09%, daya ikat air 63,23%, nilai pH 5,17, aroma subyektif dengan skor 3,27 (suka), warna kecerahan (L) 41,2, warna kemerahan (a*) 6,07 dan warna kekuningan (b*) 18,86.
PENGARUH IMBANGAN KONSENTRAT DENGAN JERAMI UREA KAPUR MOLASIS DALAM RANSUM KAMBING TERHADAP KECERNAAN, METABOLIT RUMEN, DAN KIMIA DARAH
Authors: I G. L. O. CAKRA , TRISNADEWI A. A. A. S. , WIRAWAN I W.
Published: December 2020

Penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh imbangan konsentrat dengan jerami urea kapur dan molasis (JUKM) dalam ransum terhadap kecernaan, kadar metabolit rumen dan kimia darah, telah dilakukan pada kambing peranakan etawah dengan menggunakan rancangan bujur sangkar latin 4 × 4. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah perlakuan A (JUKM 60% dan konsentrat 40%) perlakuan B (JUKM 50% dan konsentrat 50%), perlakuan C (JUKM 40% dan konsentrat 60%), perlakuan D (JUKM 30% dan konsentrat 70%). Peubah yang diamati adalah konsumsi bahan kering jerami dan konsentrat, koefesien cerna, kadar kimia darah, kadar metabolit dan populasi protozoa rumen. Hasil penelitian ini mendapatkan, penggunaan konsentrat 40-70% dalam ransum JUKM menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda tidak nyata terhadap konsumsi bahan kering, kadar glukosa dan N urea plasma darah. Terjadi peningkatan kecernaan nutrien, kadar trigliserida, total protein dan kolesterol darah seiring dengan meningkatnya tingkat penggunaan konsentrat. Dari hsil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan JUKM sebagai pakan serat dalam ransum ternak kambing sampai pada tingkat penggunaan 60% dari keperluan bahan kering, tidak berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi bahan kering, kadar glukosa dan N urea plasma darah.
Siliconosis: an unknown entity in aesthetic breast surgery
Authors: Roszpopa Jaroszlav , Ahmad Zeeshan
Published: December 2020

Background:

Siliconosis was first described in the late 1980s and it is still remaining as a rare condition and mainly as a diagnosis of exclusion after breast cancer investigation. There are only limited cases reported and published with even smaller amount related to the breast implants (31 studies and 8 related to breast implants found in PubMed search in December 2019).

Case presentation:

Authors present the case of siliconosis secondary to bilateral cosmetic breast augmentation performed back in 1989. The patient was troubled with a myriad of complications and underwent an exchange of implants with Trilucent™ implants in 1997 and their subsequent removal in 1998. Later, they underwent bilateral mastopexy and is currently free of implants. Ever-since the first operation patient complained of pain, localized tenderness, swelling, axillary fullness, paraesthesia and partial paralysis in her upper limbs amongst other symptoms. Objective investigations including plain radiographs, USS, CT, MRI, nerve conduction studies, rheumatological screen yielded essentially negative results. Thoroughly investigation for breast cancer was conducted, including several operations and biopsies of axillary swellings with confirming reactive lymphadenopathy. A working diagnosis of siliconosis has been made and the patient was treated expectantly.

Conclusion:

This case should remind our colleagues of the ethical and professional responsibilities we have toward our patients in explaining all the potential risks involved in breast augmentation and also to keep an open mind when meeting patients complaining of systemic symptoms post breast augmentation.
PERKÜTAN NEFROLİTOTOMİDE BAŞARIYI ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER
Authors: KARABIÇAK Mustafa , ARSLAN Erkan , ERGANİ Batuhan , TÜRK Hakan
Published: December 2020

Amaç: Çalışmamızda perkütan nefrolitotomide başarıyı etkileyen faktörleri belirlemeyi amaçladık.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ocak 2015 ve Ekim 2018 tarihleri arasında böbrek taşı nedeniyle perkütan nefrolitotomi yapılan 260 hastanın verileri retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastalar postoperatif dönemde taşsızlık açısından bilgisayarlı tomografi ile değerlendirildi. Hastalar postoperatif dönemde taşı olanlar ve taşı olmayanlar olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, taş tarafı, komplikasyonlar, tranfüzyon oranları ve nefrostomi tüpü kalış süreleri kayıt altına alındı. Her iki grupta taş yerleşim yeri, taş operasyon öyküsü, taş boyutu, taş cilt mesafesi, beden kitle indeksi, operasyon ve skopi süreleri karşılaştırıldı.Bulgular: Erkek cinsiyetin, taş boyutu ve yerleşiminin, operasyon ve skopi sürelerinin perkütan nefrolitotomi başarısına etki eden faktörler olduğunu belirledik. Yaş, taş tarafı, taş operasyon öyküsü, beden kitle indeksi, taş cilt mesafesi verilerini incelediğimizde istatiksel anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı. Ayrıca nefrostomi tüpü kalış süreleri, komplikasyon ve transfüzyon oranları her iki grupta benzerdi.Sonuç: Perkütan nefrolitotomi işleminde başarıyı etkileyen faktörler cinsiyet, taş boyutu ve taş lokalizasyonu olarak sıralanabilir. Ayrıca operasyon ve skopi sürelerinin uzun olduğu hastalarda taşsızlık oranlarının azalabileceği akılda tutulmalıdır.
BİR ÜNİVERSİTE HASTANESİ KLİNİĞİNDE YAPILAN İLK 200 AÇIK KALP AMELİYATI SONUÇLARI: KIRIKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ, KALP-DAMAR CERRAHİSİ
Authors: GÜLTEKİN Yıldırım , BOLAT Ali
Published: December 2020

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, kliniğimizde yapılan ilk 200 açık kalp ameliyatının sonuçlarını değerlendirmektir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Yapılan 200 kalp ameliyatı hastane kayıt sistemi taranarak geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, komorbiditeleri, ameliyat tipleri, hastane ve yoğun bakımda yatış süreleri, morbidite ve mortalite oranları değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Hastaların 128’i kadın,72’si erkekti. Yaşları 38-90 yıl arasında olup, ortalama 68±5 yıldı. Komorbit faktörleri olarak, kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı, hipertansiyon, diabetes mellitus, hiperlipidemi, serebro-vasküler hastalık, periferik arter hastalığı ve kronik böbrek yetmezliği ve miyokart enfarktüsü görüldü. Toplam 162 koroner arter bypass grefti (KABG) yapıldı. Bunlardan 24 tanesi çalışan kalpte gerçekleştirildi. Eş zamanlı olarak 5 karotis endarterektomi ve 15 koroner endarterektomi yapıldı. Dört KABG ve mitral kapak replasmanı (MVR), 2 KABG ve aort kapak replasmanı (AVR), 6 AVR, 12 MVR, 4 AVR ve MVR, 3 MVR ve tricuspit anuloplasti yapıldı. İki hastaya aort diseksiyonu nedeniyle asenden aort replasmanı ve 3 hastanın asenden aort anevrizmasına supra koroner aort replasmanı yapıldı. İki hastaya kardiyak yaralanma nedeniyle sağ ventrikül tamiri yapıldı.Düşük kardiyak debi nedeniyle 10 hastaya intra-aortik balon pompası takıldı. Komplikasyon olarak 38 hastada atrial fibrilasyon, 4 hastada akut böbrek yetmezliği, 3 hastada serebrovaskuler olay gelişti. Hastaların 4’ünde postoperatif kanama ve 3’ünde sternal dehisens nedeniyle revizyon yapıldı. Bir hastada mediastinit görüldü. Yoğun bakımda kalış süresi ortalama 2,2±1,7 gün olup, hastanede kalış süresi 7,5±4 gündü. Hastane mortalitesi 8 hastada (%4) görüldü.Sonuç: Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Hastanesi kalp ve damar cerrahisi kliniği, açık kalp ameliyatlarının literatüre uygun morbidite ve mortalite oranları ile yapıldığı bir merkez olmuştur.
MiR-34c regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of lung cancer cells
Authors: Jiang Xianliang , Li Ming , Kei Li
Published: December 2020

Purpose: As miR-34c acts as a tumor suppressant for multiple cancers, the purpose of this study was to investigate that role that miR-34c plays in the proliferation and apoptosis of lung cancer.

Methods: The expression of miR-34c in 600 patients with lung cancer was quantitatively analyzed with real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) technology and correlated to

clinical pathological parameters. The CCK-8 analysis and flow cytometry were carried out to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis in miR-34c-mimic transfected cell lines. Moreover, the regulation of miR-34c to interleukin-6 (IL-6) in cell lines was detected by western blot, qRT-PCR and dual-luciferase reporter assay.

Results: The expression of miR-34c was downregulated in lung cancer compared with adjacent normal tissues. The expression level of miR-34c was linked to stromal invasion. Furthermore, overexpressing miR-34c played an active role in effectively inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. In addition, a significant inverse relationship was exhibited between the expression of miR-34c and IL-6 in tumor tissues.

Conclusion: At the molecular level, IL-6 can be used as a direct target of miR-34c in the treatment of lung cancer cells and miR-34c can be used as an effective biomarker and therapeutic target for lung cancer.
Effect of plant growth regulators on growth and yield of chili (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Anolisa . , Hossen Md. Al-Imran, Riyad , Islam A.T.M. Rafiqul , Das Subroto Kumar
Published: December 2020

Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is an important food additive with high medicinal value. To investigate the effect of plant growth regulators on chili, seedlings of chili were collected from the local market and grown in the experimental field of the University of Barishal, Bangladesh. Foliar spray of different degrees of plant growth regulators, Gibberellin (50 mg/l, 100 mg/l, 250mg/l, 350 mg/l GA3) and Cytokinin (50 mg/l, 100 mg/l, 250mg/l, 350mg/l Kn) were applied from 15 days of germination. Data on different growth and yield parameters were collected and analyzed statistically. The result reveals that there is a significant difference in growth and yield related traits in chili due to the application of plant growth regulators. An optimum level of PGRs application shows better performance compare with control. Plant height particularly influenced by GA3 whereas other attributes like the number of leaves, branches, flowers and fruits are greatly influenced by the application of kinetin.
O reverso da dialética: lógos e epistéme na pólis clássica
Authors: Rachid Rodolfo José Rocha
Published: December 2020

O artigo investiga a constituição da figura do filósofo, formulada por Platão em seus Diálogos, salientando as diferenças substanciais entre a ciência dialética e suas artes opostas, como a retórica e a sofística na pólis ateniense clássica. A atual pesquisa demanda uma nova abordagem da fisionomia do filósofo, dada por Platão nos Diálogos, especialmente em República V e VI, Fedro e Sofista, que denomino hermenêutica cultual, a fim de demonstrar que a atividade compositiva de Platão ressalta a coexistência entre os discursos figurativo e racional, pela qual ele concebe a natureza mítica e filosófica do ser e do não ser, da opinião, descrita como intermediária entre o ser puro e o não ser absoluto e, por fim, da ciência. Pretendo examinar que, se o sofista e o rétor elaboram uma imitação doxástica, fundamentada na arte antilógica, o filósofo produz uma imitação investigativa, baseada na ciência da verdade, conhecimento e ser.
Apresentação
Authors: Da Silva Duarte Adriane
Published: December 2020

Apresentação do Dossiê "A caracterização no drama antigo: comédia e outros gêneros de natureza dramática".
Twitter as a News Source in Data Journalism
Authors: Gehrke Marília , Benetti Marcia
Published: December 2020

This paper discusses the use of Twitter as a news source, especially in data journalism. This practice uses public databases as sources for its investigations, but has now started to make use of less conventional sources, such as Twitter, which politicians now use as an official communication channel and thus avoid giving interviews to the press. In this study, we analyze news articles published over a period of a little less than two months by the data journalism team at Vortex Media. Our focus was on political coverage. Twitter may be classified as a reproductive or statistical documentary news sources, depending on the case. We argue that, by using this social networking site as a news source, data journalism could be able to provide new knowledge. Its limitations lie within the working order of the social network itself, which is highly mediated by algorithms and conditioned to spread disinformation.Este artigo discute o uso do Twitter como fonte, em especial no jornalismo guiado por dados. Conhecida por investigar a partir de bancos de dados públicos, esta prática tem acessado fontes menos convencionais, a exemplo da plataforma, à medida que os políticos a tratam como canal oficial de comunicação e evitam conceder entrevistas à imprensa. Neste estudo, analisamos notícias publicadas pela equipe de dados do site jornalístico Vortex Media em pouco menos de dois meses, observando que a cobertura política se destaca nesse contexto. O Twitter pode ser classificado como fonte documental do tipo reprodução ou estatística, dependendo do caso. Defendemos que o jornalismo guiado por dados tem potencial para promover conhecimento inédito a partir do uso desse site de rede social como fonte; suas limitações estão na própria condição da rede, mediada por algoritmos e propícia para o espalhamento de desinformação.Este artículo analiza el uso de Twitter como fuente, especialmente en el periodismo de datos. Conocido por investigar desde bases de datos públicas, esta práctica ha accedido a fuentes menos convencionales, como la plataforma, ya que los políticos la tratan como un canal oficial de comunicación y evitan dar entrevistas a la prensa. En este estudio, analizamos las noticias publicadas por el equipo de datos del sitio periodístico Vortex Media en poco menos de dos meses, señalando que la cobertura política se destaca en este contexto. Twitter puede clasificarse como fuente documental reproductiva o estadística, según el caso. Argumentamos que el periodismo de datos tiene el potencial de promover el conocimiento sin precedentes del uso de este sitio de redes sociales como fuente; sus limitaciones están en la condición de esta red, mediada por algoritmos y propicia para la difusión de la desinformación.
Cervical intramedullary solitary fibrous tumor: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Rodríguez-Mena Ruben , Piquer-Belloch José , Llácer-Ortega Jose Luis , Riesgo-Suárez Pedro , Rovira-Lillo Vicente , Flor-Goikoetxea-Gamo Alain , Cremades-Mira Antonio , Mut-Pons Raúl
Published: December 2020

Background:

Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are benign tumors derived from mesenchymal tissues that predominantly occur in the pleura. Establishing the diagnosis of these very rare intramedullary spinal lesions, with no clear-cut pathognomonic radiographic characteristics, is particularly challenging.

Case Description:

Two males, 30 and 41 years of age, presented with progressive cervical myelopathies attributed to a cervical intramedullary exophytic tumor with associated spinal cord edema. One patient showed that the lesion was highly vascularized. Both patients underwent surgical excision of firm, solid, focal, and, particularly in one of them, very vascular/hemorrhagic tumors; at surgery, there was some adherence between the tumors and the cord tissue, but gross-total resections were achieved in both cases, demonstrated on postoperative MR scans. Histological and immunohistochemical findings confirmed the diagnosis of SFT (WHO Grade I). After a 6-month postoperative period, both patients neurologically improved and had no MR evidence of tumor recurrence.

Conclusion:

Intramedullary cervical exophytic SFTs are extremely rare. Although these solid tumors may present with hemorrhagic features and at surgery demonstrate significant adherence to the pial/cord surface, complete surgical resections are feasible resulting in good outcomes.
Bibliometric analysis of the top-100 most cited articles on the radiosurgical management of cerebral arteriovenous malformation
Authors: Alkhabiry Ali , Almutairi Othman T. , Elarjani Turki , Bafaquh Mohammed , Alassaf Hossam , Alturki Abdulrahman Y.
Published: December 2020

Background:

Radiosurgery is an effective, alternative treatment modality in managing patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). The present study aims to highlight the scholarly impact of the top-100 most cited articles on the radiosurgical management of AVMs.

Methods:

A title-specific search using the keyword “arteriovenous malformation” was conducted in the Scopus database. The outcome of the search was rearranged based on the citations count. Articles were categorized into four entities; clinical, gamma knife radiosurgery, linear accelerator (LINAC) radiosurgery, and proton beam radiosurgery. The exclusion criteria were applied to spinal or non-intracranial AVM, conference papers, non-English articles predominantly discussing the endovascular or microsurgical management.

Results:

The top-100 articles on the radiosurgical management of AVM were published between 1972 and 2016. Approximately one-third of the publications were produced between 1995 and 2000. The average citations per year for all papers were seven. The most-studied entity was pertinent to the clinical application of gamma knife radiosurgery in AVM (68%). The United States was the most active country in studying the radiosurgical application in AVM. The Journal of Neurosurgery published approximately one-third of the most-cited articles in the list. The top-3 most contributing authors, publishing 80% of articles in the list, were Lunsford et al.

Conclusion:

The radiosurgical management of AVMs evolved significantly throughout the years. Identifications of the publication trends facilitate the acquisition of evidence-based articles for authors investigating various radiosurgical techniques in the treatment of AVMs.
Barış inşasında yeni bir yaklaşım olarak hibrit barış: Bosna-Hersek örneği
Authors: EMİNOĞLU Ayça , AYDIN Yeşim
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışma, Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönemde Sovyetler Birliği’nin dağılması ile meydana gelen çatışmalarda etkin paradigma olduğu kabul edilen liberal barışın, barış inşası faaliyetlerinde nasıl başarısızlığa uğradığını ve bu başarısızlık karşısında yeni bir yaklaşıma duyulan ihtiyacı Bosna-Hersek örnek ülkesi ile göstermeyi hedeflemektedir. Liberal barış, temel unsurları olan demokratikleşme, insan hakları, hukukun üstünlüğü ve liberal piyasa sistemini çatışma sonrası bölgelerde kurumsallaştırmaya çalışırken; sürdürülebilir barış ve güvenlik hedeflerken başarısız/kırılgan devletler ortaya çıkarmıştır. Buna göre özelde Bosna-Hersek üzerinde durularak bazı sonuçların belirginlik kazandığı çalışmada, liberal barışın Batı’nın çıkarlarına odaklanmak suretiyle, dayatma yoluyla bir barış oluşturduğu ve bu nedenle de sürdürülebilir barışı garanti etmediği ortaya koyulmaktadır. Çalışma, liberal barışın Bosna-Hersek’teki barış inşasındaki başarısızlık nedenlerinden hareketle yeni bir yaklaşım olarak hibrit barışı ortaya atmaktadır. Hibrit barış, Batı yerine yerelin beklenti ve taleplerine uygun bir çözüm sunmakla birlikte çatışma sonrası toplumun sosyo-psikolojik durumunu da dikkate almaktadır. Dolayısıyla çatışma bölgelerinde negatif barışın sağlanması kadar, oluşturulan barışın sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlanmasında hibrit barışın ihtiyaca cevap vereceği ve bu sayede liberal barışın ihmal ettiği yerelin beklenti ve talepleri doğrultusunda ve çatışma sonrası toplumun rehabilitasyonunu da kapsayacak şekilde bir barış inşasıyla sürdürülebilir yani pozitif barış oluşturacağı savunulmaktadır.
Uskumru, Palamut ve Levrek Balıklarının Fırında Pişirme İşlemi Sonrasında Kalan Balık Sularının Yağ Asidi İçeriğinin Belirlenmesi ve Balık Suyu Çorbası Yapımında Kullanımı
Authors: YAVUZER Emre
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada, fırında pişirme işleminden sonra tepside kalan balık (uskumru, palamut ve levrek) sularının yağ asidi içeriği araştırılmıştır. Balık türlerinin yağ asidi kombinasyonlarını %25.35-%37.90 doymuş (SFA), %28.61-%38.80 tekli doymamış (MUFA) ve %20.60-26.02 çoklu doymamış asitler (PUFA'lar) oluşturmuştur. Omega 3 (w3) PUFA'ların değeri %13.50 ile %18.76 arasında değişirken Aterojenite (AI) ve Trombojenite İndeksi (TI) değerleri sırasıyla 0.44 ila 0.80 ve 0.35 ila 0.40 arasında bulunmuştur. Ayrıca uskumru, palamut ve levrek balıklarının fırında pişirme işlemi sonrasında elde edilen sularından balık suyu çorbaları hazırlanmış ve panelist algıları duyusal analizlerle belirlenmiştir. Duyusal analiz sonuçları atık balık sularının balık suyu çorbasına dönüştürülmesiyle elde edilen ürünün endüstriyel olarak da kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.
Sarcopenia
Authors: Пальцын А.А.
Published: December 2020

Саркопения (старческое уменьшение силы и массы мышц) прогрессировала в распространенности и тяжести проявления вместе с прогрессом медицины и развитием цивилизации. На заре человечества проблемы не было, поскольку до саркопении не доживали. Затем в течение многих тысяч лет с малым количеством стариков в популяции и отвлечением внимания инфекционными эпидемиями медицине было «не до неё». Следствия быстрого старения человечества в конце XX и начале XXI веков вывели саркопению из тени в разряд самых актуальных проблем современной медицины. Саркопения приобрела своё название около 30 лет назад, год назад вошла в международную классификацию болезней, а сегодня уже называется гериатрическим гигантом. Взлет популярности закономерен и достоин ещё большего внимания по двум причинам. Во-первых. Саркопенией обусловлены многие беды старости: физическая слабость, депрессия, боли, снижение качества жизни, оптимизма, трудоспособности, рост травматизма, инвалидность, утрата независимости, смертность. Во-вторых. Саркопения затрудняет и снижает двигательную активность, чем способствует развитию наиболее распространенных болезней, эпидемий неинфекционной природы: гипертонической болезни, атеросклероза, диабета, рака, деменции, воспалений, остеопороза. Профилактика и лечение саркопении отодвигает или предотвращает приход её «спутников».

Sarcopenia is a senile reduction in muscular force and mass. Sarсopenia prevalence and severity of manifestations have progressed together with the progress of medicine and development of the civilization. In the infancy of mankind, the problem was absent since people did not live to sarcopenia. Then for many thousand years, when old people were not numerous in the population, medicine was distracted by infectious epidemics and not interested in sarcopenia. Consequences of rapid aging of the population during the late 20th and early 21st centuries have brought sarcopenia from the shadows to the foreground as one of the most urgent problems of modern medicine. Sarcopenia acquired its name about 30 years ago, was included into the international classification of diseases a year ago, and today it is already called the geriatric giant. This increase in popularity is logical, and sarcopenia is worth even more extensive exploring for two reasons. First, sarcopenia causes many troubles of old age, such as physical weakness, depression, pains; impaired quality of life, optimism, and working capacity; more frequent traumas and disability; loss of independence; and high mortality. Second, sarcopenia complicates and reduces physical activity and, thereby, contributes to development of common diseases and non-infectious epidemics, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes, cancer, dementia, inflammations, osteoporosis. Prevention and treatment of sarcopenia delays or prevents the arrival of its «satellites».
Morphofunctional characteristics of monocytes migration into the skin
Authors: Кашутин С.Л. , Вилова К.Г. , Шагров Л.Л. , Шерстенникова А.К. , Неклюдова В.С. , Теддер Е.И. , Утюгова В.Н.
Published: December 2020

Регуляторные макрофаги. Различия в функциональной активности макрофагов опосредуются действием активационного сигнала. Естественно полагать, что изменения рецепторного аппарата макрофагов, влечет изменения и в морфологическом плане, как со стороны ядра, так и цитоплазмы. Цель исследования - изучение морфофункциональной характеристики моноцитов, мигрировавших из микроциркуляции. Методика. Морфофункциональную характеристику моноцитов, мигрировавших из микроциркуляции, изучали на модели угревой болезни. Использовано содержимое пустул 68 пациентов с папуло-пустулезной формой угревой болезни. Взятие материала осуществляли петлей Унна и наносили его на предметное стекло. Препарат фиксировали и окрашивали по Романовскому-Гимзе. Микроскопию проводили под увеличением х1000. Результаты. Показано, что к месту воспаления мигрируют в основном собственно моноциты с азурофильной зернистостью и признаками вакуолизации цитоплазмы и ядра. Наибольшую фагоцитарную активность проявляли промоноциты. Заключение. На модели угревой болезни показана неоднородность популяции и различия морфофункциональных характеристик моноцитов, мигрировавших в очаг воспаления.

Macrophages are known to either stimulate or reduce inflammation and participate in either destruction or reparative regeneration of tissues. Therefore, based on the monocyte functional activity, they can be grouped into three categories - «proinflammatory», wound-healing, and regulatory macrophages. Differences in the macrophage functional activity are determined by the activation signal. Presumably, changes in the macrophage receptor apparatus are associated with morphological changes in the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess morphofunctional characteristics of monocytes after their migration from microvasculature into the tissue. Methods. Morphofunctional characteristics of monocytes were studied on an acne model after the monocyte migration from microvasculature into the skin. The content of pustule collected from 68 patients with papulopustular acne was examined. The material was collected with the Unna’s loop, fixed on a glass slide, stained according to Romanovsky-Giemsa, and examined under a microscope at x1,000 magnification. Results. Most of the recruited dermal monocytes migrating to the site of tissue inflammation were genuine monocytes with typical azurophilic granules and vacuolation of the cytoplasm followed by nuclear vacuolation. The greatest phagocytic activity was observed in promocytes.
The role of the oral cavity immune cells in the postoperative complications after face lifting
Authors: Абрамян Ш.М. , Рожнова Е.В. , Волкова Е.Н. , Блохин С.Н. , Морозов С.Г.
Published: December 2020

Цель. Изучение клеток иммунной системы полости рта у пациентов до проведения операции лифтинга лица, а также сопоставление этих данных с показателями, выявленными при осложнениях в послеоперационном периоде. Методика. Исследованы клетки иммунной системы полости рта 100 женщин (23-68 лет), которым перед операцией лифтинга лица проведено стоматологическое обследование и необходимое лечение при наличии кариеса дентина, клиновидного дефекта эмали зуба, хронического периодонтита или пульпита. Выделенные путем смывов десенной борозды клетки окрашивали моноклональными антителами и анализировали на проточном цитометре. Определяли уровень спонтанного и индуцированного апоптоза. Оценивали уровень фагоцитоза и генерацию супероксидного аниона нейтрофилами. Результаты. Показано, что хронические воспалительные заболевания зубов оказывают негативное влияние на состояние иммунных клеток ротовой полости, сопровождаются повышением генерации супероксидного аниона нейтрофилами, повышением уровня спонтанного и церамид-индуцированного апоптоза клеток десенной борозды. Заключение. Наличие хронической патологии зубов, даже после санации, оказывает негативное влияние на течение послеоперационного периода при проведении операции лифтинга лица, в частности, способствует увеличению времени заживления операционной раны, инфицированию раны с появлением очагов некроза в области операционного шва.

The object. The study of the cells of the immune system of the oral cavity in patients before the operation of face lifting, as well as a comparison of these indicators with complications in the postoperative period. Methods. The immune cells from the oral cavity were studied in 100 women (23-68 years), who underwent a dental examination and necessary treatment if they had the dentin caries, wedge-shaped defect of tooth enamel, chronic periodontitis or pulpitis before the facial lifting operation. The immune cells have been isolated by a lavage of gingival sulcus around the damaged tooth. Results. It has been shown that chronic dental diseases made a negative contribution to the oral cavity immune cells. It has been accompanied by the elevated levels of superoxide originating from neutrophils as well as the increased levels of spontaneous and ceramide-induced apoptosis of immune cells isolated from the gingival sulcus. Conclusion. The presence of chronic pathology of teeth even in the case of the preoperative dental sanation has a negative impact on the postoperative period after face lifting, in particular, contributes to the lengthening of the surgical wound healing time, wound infection as well as the partial necrosis of suture.
Gut microbiota
Authors: Пальцын А.А.
Published: December 2020

Совершенствование методов генетического анализа и развернувшиеся на этой основе работы по международному проекту «Микробиом человека» представили большой объем знаний, существенно меняющих представления об эволюции живой природы и о механизмах развития многих болезней. Пришло осознание факта, что здоровье и болезни человека в большой степени определяются взаимодействием его собственных клеток с населяющими его тело (прежде всего кишечник) микробными (прежде всего бактериальными) клетками. Главенство в этом вопросе бактерий кишечника объясняется их подавляющей многочисленностью, позицией на первичном рубеже обмена со средой и невозможностью жизни без этого обмена. Результаты обширных теоретических и клинических исследований уже сегодня могут стать основой профилактики и терапии некоторых незаразных пандемий современности. Однако научно вполне достижимый дальнейший масштабный успех в преодолении этих пандемий тормозится внешними причинами. Кишечная микробиота связывает здоровье людей с экологией планеты, с сельским хозяйством и пищевой промышленностью. Действия же международных корпораций направляются интересами не здравоохранения, а получения максимальной выгоды в минимальные сроки.

Improving methods of genetic analysis and the work developed on this basis under the «Human Microbiome» international project presented a large amount of knowledge that has significantly changed ideas about the evolution of living nature and mechanisms underlying development of many diseases. People became aware of the fact that human health and diseases are largely determined by the interaction of the body’s own cells with the microbial (primarily bacterial) cells inhabiting the body (primarily the intestine). The dominance of intestinal bacteria in this aspect is explained by their overwhelming multiplicity, position on the primary border of exchange with the environment, and the impossibility of life without this exchange. Results of extensive theoretical and clinical research already today can become a basis for prevention and treatment of some current non-infectious pandemics. However, although further, large-scale success in overcoming these pandemics is scientifically quite achievable, certain political reasons hamper it. Intestinal microbiota connects human health with the global ecology, agriculture, and the food industry while actions of governments and international corporations are driven by obtaining maximum benefits in the shortest possible time rather than interests of health care.
Skin microbiomein adult atopic dermatitis
Authors: Кандалова О.В. , Елистратова И.В. , Иванченко О.Б. , Гречко А.В. , Морозов С.Г.
Published: December 2020

Данный миниобзор посвящен изучению роли микробиома кожи и, в частности, роли стафилококков в обострении атопического дерматита у взрослых людей. Были проанализированы предпосылки бактериальной контаминации кожи и роль факторов внешней среды. Представлены данные по влиянию S. aureaus на разные звенья природного и адаптивного иммунитета за счет синтеза специфических регуляторных белков, протеолитических ферментов и гидролаз. Обозначены некоторые направления борьбы с бактериальной инфекцией для предупреждения обострения атопического дерматита у взрослых.

In this mini review we have analyzed the role of skin microbiome in the atopic dermatitis relapse in adults, in particular, a role of S. aureaus in this process. The background for the skin bacterial contamination under the influence of environmental factors has been analyzed. We reviewed some S. aureaus effects on the components of innate and adaptive immunity due to the secretion of specific regulatory proteins, a number of proteolytic enzymes, and some hydrolases. There were indicated some ways to eliminate the bacterial infection to prevent the atopic dermatitis relapse in adults
Comparing the strengths and shortcomings of biomicroscopy and laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) in the study of skin microcirculation
Authors: Хугаева В.К. , Ардасенов А.В.
Published: December 2020

В статье анализируются преимущества и недостатки методов лазерной допплеровской флоуметрии и биомикроскопии при изучении микроциркуляции в кровеносных и лимфатических микрососудах кожи и др. органов. На конкретных примерах показаны широкие недостаточно используемые возможности биомикроскопии.

The article analyzed merits and demerits of laser Doppler flowmetry and biomicroscopy in studying microcirculation in blood and lymphatic microvessels of the skin and other organs. Specific examples show wide, underutilized potentialities of biomicroscopy.
The effect of intranasal administration of glutamate antibody on experimental parkinsonian syndrome
Authors: Кучеряну В.Г. , Ветрилэ Л.А. , Захарова И.А.
Published: December 2020

Изучали влияние интраназального, в 2 режимах, введения антител к L-глутамату (АТ-Глу) на экспериментальный паркинсонический синдром (ПС) у мышей C57BL/6j, вызванный 1-метил-4-фенил-1,2,3,6-тетрагидропиридином (МФТП). Показано, что интраназальное введение АТ-Глу мышам параллельно с введением МФТП в течение 10 сут. ослабляло развитие паркинсонических симптомов - олигокинезию и ригидность. В сыворотке крови мышей, которым вводили АТ-Глу и/или МФТП были обнаружены аутоантитела к L-глутамату в большем количестве, чем у контрольных животных. Однократное интраназальное введение АТ-Глу мышам C57BL/6j на 11-е сут. с формировавшимся ПС не влияло на выраженность паркинсонической симптоматики.

Effects of two schedules of intranasal treatment with glutamate antibody (AT-Glu) on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced parkinsonian syndrome (PS) were studied in C57BL/6j mice. Intranasal AT-Glu administration along with MPTP administration for 10 days attenuated the development of parkinsonian symptoms, oligokinesia and rigidity. The serum of mice treated with AT-Glu and / or MPTP contained a greater amount of glutamate autoantibody than the serum of control animals. A single intranasal administration of AT-Glu on day 11 to C57BL/6j mice with developed PS did not influence the severity of parkinsonian symptoms.
An study of the response to antibiotics of the rat small bowel mesenteric lymphatic microvasculature
Authors: Засеева А.М. , Хугаева В.К.
Published: December 2020

В условиях биомикроскопии брыжейки тонкой кишки крысы исследована лимфостимулирующая активность наиболее часто используемых в клинической практике антибиотиков. Показано преимущественно тормозное действие отдельных антибиотиков (линкомицин и амикацин) на сократительную активность стенки, клапанов и скорость лимфотока в лимфатических микрососудах (ЛМ). Слабой активностью обладали цефтриаксон, амоксиклав и ванкорус. У части ЛМ снижение сократительной активности вызывает нарушение лимфотока, что отражается на работе различных органов и систем. Поскольку нарушение моторики ЛМ влияет на различные функции лимфатической системы (дезинтоксикационная, регуляция водно-электролитного обмена, иммунитета и др.), возникает вопрос о механизмах лечебного действия антибиотиков при воспалении на фоне нарушенного лимфотока и необходимость прижизненного изучения состояния лимфатических сосудов в целостном организме в ответ на антибиотики, применяемые в клинической практике.

The lymphostimulating activity of the antibiotics commonly used in clinical practice was studied in the rat small bowel mesentery using biomicroscopy. Some antibiotics (lincomycin and amikacin) mostly exerted an inhibitory effect on contractility of the vascular wall, valves, and lymph flow rate in lymphatic microvessels (LM). Ceftriaxone, amoxiclav, and vancorus had a weak activity. In a part of LM, the decrease in contractile activity impaired the lymph flow, which affected performance of organs and systems. Since the LM dysmotility affects different functions of the lymphatic system (detoxication, regulation of water and electrolyte metabolism, immunity, etc.) it is unclear what mechanisms underlie the therapeutic effect of antibiotics in inflammation associated with impaired lymph flow. This warrants in vivo studies of the lymphatic vessel response to the antibiotics used in clinical practice.
Effect of penol on the GABA receptor-coupled Cl/HCO-ATPase from rat brain in / experiments
Authors: Мензиков С.А.
Published: December 2020

Фенол (гидроксибензол) является токсичным веществом. Одним из клинических признаков проявления эффекта высоких доз фенола на животных является судорожная активность, молекулярные механизмы которой остаются неясными. Цель исследования - изучение молекулярных механизмов судорожной активности при действии токсиканта (фенол) с нервно-паралитической природой действия. Методика. Исследована роль Cl/HCO-АТФазы, которая участвует в ГАМК рецептор-сопряженном АТФ-зависимом Cl-транспорте через нейрональные мембраны мозга животных. Результаты. Исследования in vivo показали, что после внутрибрюшинной инъекции животным фенола (300 мг/кг) наблюдается судорожная реакция, при этом АТФазная активность мозга крыс не выявляется. В экспериментах in vitro установлено, что фенол (500 мкМ) полностью ингибирует функциональную активность Cl/HCO-АТФазы нейрональных мембран мозга крыс. Заключение. Делается вывод о важной роли нейрональной Cl/HCO-АТФазы в патогенезе и проявлении судорожных ответов у животных.

Phenol (hydroxybenzene) is a toxic substance with a neuroparalytic nature of action. One of the clinical signs of the manifestation of the effect high doses of phenol on animals is convulsive activity, the molecular mechanisms of which remain unclear. Aim. In order to clarify these mechanisms, in the present work we investigated the role of Cl/HCO-ATPase, which is involved in GABA receptor-coupled ATP-dependent Cl-transport through the plasma membranes of the neurons of animals brain. Results. In vivo studies have been shown that after intraperitoneal injection of phenol at a dose of 300 mg/kg to the animals, a convulsive reaction is observed, while the Cl/HCO-ATPase of the rat brain is not detected. In in vitro experiments, it was established that phenol (500 мM) completely inhibits the functional activity of the Cl/HCO-ATPase of the neuronal membranes from rat brain. It was assumed the important role of neuronal Cl/HCO-ATPase in the pathogenesis of phenolic neurotoxicity and the manifestation of convulsive responses in animals.
The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) system as a therapeutical target for development of drugs restoring innervation
Authors: Стамбольский Д.В. , Плеханова О.С. , Юдина И.Ю. , Калинина Н.И. , Карагяур М.Н. , Дубров В.Э. , Кочиш А.Ю. , Семина Е.В. , Акопян Ж.А. , Голубев И.О. , Антонов А.В. , Сафин Ш.М. , Ткачук В.А.
Published: December 2020

Мозговой нейротрофический фактор (BDNF) является одним из основных нейротрофических факторов, участвующих в поддержании функционирования и регенерации нервной системы. В последние годы BDNF рассматривают как многообещающую терапевтическую мишень, на основании полученных данных о том, что BDNF улучшает регенерацию нейронов. Цель обзора - суммировать данные об экспрессии BDNF, его сигнализации, эффектах и механизмах стимуляции реиннервации. Анализ исследований последних десятилетий позволяет сделать заключение о целесообразности и перспективности разработок, направленных на создание лекарственных препаратов на основе BDNF для регенерации компонентов нервной системы.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a major neurotrophic factor maintaining the nervous system function and regeneration. Based on reports indicating that BDNF enhances neuronal regeneration, in recent years, BDNF has been considered a promising therapeutic target. The aim of this review was to summarize current data on BDNF expression, signaling, and mechanisms for stimulation of reinnervation. Conclusion. Recent studies of the role of BDNF showed that continuation of research and development of BDNF-based drugs stimulating regeneration of nervous system components is advisable and promising.
The Paf1 complex positively regulates enhancer activity in mouse embryonic stem cells
Authors: Ding Li , Paszkowski-Rogacz Maciej , Mircetic Jovan , Chakraborty Debojyoti , Buchholz Frank
Published: December 2020

The RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) associated factor 1 complex (Paf1C) plays critical roles in modulating the release of paused RNAPII into productive elongation. However, regulation of Paf1C-mediated promoter-proximal pausing is complex and context dependent. In fact, in cancer cell lines, opposing models of Paf1Cs’ role in RNAPII pause-release control have been proposed. Here, we show that the Paf1C positively regulates enhancer activity in mouse embryonic stem cells. In particular, our analyses reveal extensive Paf1C occupancy and function at super enhancers. Importantly, Paf1C occupancy correlates with the strength of enhancer activity, improving the predictive power to classify enhancers in genomic sequences. Depletion of Paf1C attenuates the expression of genes regulated by targeted enhancers and affects RNAPII Ser2 phosphorylation at the binding sites, suggesting that Paf1C-mediated positive regulation of pluripotency enhancers is crucial to maintain mouse embryonic stem cell self-renewal.
Genetic and stochastic influences upon tumor formation and tumor types in Li-Fraumeni mouse models
Authors: Chan Chang S , Sun Yvonne , Ke Hua , Zhao Yuhan , Belete Merzu , Zhang Cen , Feng Zhaohui , Levine Arnold J , Hu Wenwei
Published: December 2020

p53 is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers. Li-Fraumeni syndrome patients inheriting heterozygous p53 mutations often have a much-increased risk to develop cancer(s) at early ages. Recent studies suggest that some individuals inherited p53 mutations do not have the early onset or high frequency of cancers. These observations suggest that other genetic, environmental, immunological, epigenetic, or stochastic factors modify the penetrance of the cancerous mutant Tp53 phenotype. To test this possibility, this study explored dominant genetic modifiers of Tp53 mutations in heterozygous mice with different genetic backgrounds. Both genetic and stochastic effects upon tumor formation were observed in these mice. The genetic background of mice carrying Tp53 mutations has a strong influence upon the tissue type of the tumor produced and the number of tumors formed in a single mouse. The onset age of a tumor is correlated with the tissue type of that tumor, although identical tumor tissue types can occur at very different ages. These observations help to explain the great diversity of cancers in different Li-Fraumeni patients over lifetimes.
Pengaruh Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Terhadap Peningkatan Pendapatan Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor Di Kantor Samsat Kabupaten Enrekang
Authors: Riswanto Riswanto , Hakim Lukman , Haerana Haerana
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determine taxpayer compliance, increase in tax revenue  and the effect of taxpayer compliance on the increase in motor vehicle tax revenue at Samsat Office of  Mamuju Regency. This study used quantitative. The number of samples was 99 taxpayers registered at Samsat Office of  Mamuju Regenc. Data collection techniques were observation, questionnaires  and documentation. The type of research used quantitative research. The results showed that there was a direct effect of taxpayer compliance on the increase in motor vehicle tax revenue at the Samsat Office of Mamuju Regency. Based on the results of the study showed that there was a positive and significant relationship so there was an effect of tax compliance (x) on an increase in motor vehicle tax revenue (y) in the Samsat Office of Mamuju Regency by 54.9% and the remaining 45.1% was influenced by other variables not examined in this research. From the results of this study known that there were still several important indicators that still needed more attention to increase tax revenue in Mamuju Regency.Keywords: Taxpayer compliance, Increased tax revenue
A INTERPRETAÇÃO MORAL DA CONSTITUIÇÃO NA PERSPECTIVA DE RONALD DWORKIN E JEREMY WALDRON
Authors: Carvalho Frota Antonia Georgelia , Lima Renata Albuquerque
Published: December 2020

O artigo trata de uma das principais tendências no debate do positivismo jurídico contemporâneo, o papel da jurisdição constitucional. Essa perspectiva será examinada a partir da teoria de Ronald Dworkin e de Jeremy Waldron, filósofos e teóricos do direito que tem concentrado esforços na elaboração de uma teoria do direito democrática, visando a concretização dos Direitos Fundamentais. Busca-se analisar essas contraposições adotadas e averiguar a função da Hermenêutica Constitucional para concretização dos Direitos Fundamentais. A metodologia adotada nesta pesquisa foi uma investigação doutrinária de precedentes e de normas, as quais serviram de sustentação para as observações elaboradas sobre a temática.
A EFETIVAÇÃO DO IDEÁRIO RESTAURATIVO A PARTIR DA APLICAÇÃO DAS PRÁTICAS RESTAURATIVAS
Authors: Ellwanger Carolina
Published: December 2020

O artigo apresenta como objetivo apresentar as principais práticas restaurativas oriundas da Justiça Restaurativa, que pressupõe o trabalho para a responsabilização com a recomposição entre os envolvidos e o tratamento das consequências conflitivas, tendo como foco o empoderamento das partes. Visando analisar se as dinâmicas das práticas restaurativas são capazes de concretizar os ideários restaurativos, o trabalho utilizou o procedimento metodológico qualitativo, a partir de pesquisas bibliográficas. Como conclusão, se depreendeu que os círculos de construção de paz, as conferências de grupos familiares, a metodologia Sul-Africana Zwelethemba e os encontros vítima-ofensor, geram empatia, empoderamento e alinhando-se com a lógica restaurativa.
MEIOS ALTERNATIVOS PARA A SOLUÇÃO DE CONFLITOS INDIVIDUAIS TRABALHISTAS: REQUISITOS E LIMITAÇÕES
Authors: Rubiano Keila Andrade Alves , Freitas Sérgio Henriques Zandona
Published: December 2020

Pretende-se, por meio deste trabalho, analisar os métodos previstos na legislação brasileira para a solução dos conflitos individuais trabalhistas, a partir do exame de seus requisitos e limitações, ressaltando a importância de se ampliar aos trabalhadores e empregadores meios para resolverem suas desavenças. Para isso, será utilizado o método dedutivo para realização de pesquisa teórico-bibliográfica em livros, teses, dissertações e artigos.