bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Time to Diagnosis and Presenting Symptoms of Patients Diagnosed With Cancer Through Emergency and Nonemergency Routes: A Large Retrospective Study From a High-Volume Center
Authors: Bosch Xavier , Mota Gomes Tiago , Montori-Palacin Elisabet , Moreno Pedro , López-Soto Alfonso
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE

The symptoms with which a patient with cancer presents and the route taken to diagnosis (emergency v nonemergency) may affect the speed with which the diagnosis of cancer is made, thereby affecting outcomes. We examined time to diagnosis by symptom for cancers diagnosed through emergency and nonemergency routes (NERs).

METHODS

We performed a retrospective review of patients diagnosed with 10 solid cancers at Hospital Clínic of Barcelona between March 2013 and June 2023. Cancers were diagnosed through emergency presentation and admission (inpatient emergency route [IER]), emergency presentation and outpatient referral (outpatient emergency route [OER]), and primary care presentation and outpatient referral (NER). We assessed the effect of diagnostic routes on intervals to diagnosis for 19 cancer symptoms.

RESULTS

A total of 5,174 and 1,607 patients were diagnosed with cancer through emergency routes and NERs, respectively. Over 85% of patients presenting with alarm (localizing) symptoms such as hematuria through emergency routes were diagnosed with the expected cancer, whereas those with nonlocalizing symptoms such as abdominal pain had a more heterogeneous cancer-site composition. Median intervals were shorter for alarm than nonlocalizing symptoms and tended to be shorter in IERs than OERs. However, for most symptoms, intervals in both routes were invariably shorter than in the NER. For example, diagnostic intervals for hematuria and abdominal pain were 3 and 5 days shorter in IERs than OERs, but they were 5-8 and 17-22 days shorter than in the NER, respectively.

CONCLUSION

For patients with alarm symptoms, intervals were shorter than for those with nonlocalizing symptoms and, for most symptoms, intervals were shorter when patients were evaluated by emergency routes rather than NERs.
Virtual Follow-Up in Patients Initiating Antineoplastic Treatment in the Ambulatory Setting
Authors: Chew Lauren J. , Urman Danielle S. , Maxwell Kevin , Ajmera Archana , Millard Frederick , McKay Rana R.
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE

Initiating antineoplastic therapy can be distressful and affect patient retention of treatment-related side effects and safety protocols. Return visits can range from 8 to 28 days after treatment, during which patients may develop treatment-related questions and toxicities. This study's objective is to evaluate how implementing a follow-up phone call 24-48 hours after initial antineoplastic infusion, compared with standard pretreatment education, affects patient satisfaction and education retention.

METHODS

We conducted a single-center pilot study where patients who were literate, English-speaking, with genitourinary malignancies, initiating intravenous chemotherapy or immunotherapy were eligible. The primary end point was patient knowledge retention. Secondary end points included patient satisfaction. The Leuven's Questionnaire Patient Knowledge Tool, a validated, standardized tool, was used to evaluate patient knowledge retention, with a higher score indicating more retention. Telephone follow-up was initiated 24-48 hours after initial infusion, where Leuven's Questionnaire was used to assess patient knowledge. A nurse then reinforced treatment-related education, reviewed notification parameters, and coordinated appropriate follow-up. One week later, participants were sent a follow-up Leuven's Questionnaire and standardized patient satisfaction assessment.

RESULTS

Thirty-one patients with renal cell carcinoma, prostate, bladder, germ cell/testicular, or adrenal cancers were included in the study. Mean preintervention Leuven's Questionnaire score was 5.3 and mean postintervention score was 8.1 on a 1-10 scale ( P < .0001). Ninety-seven percent of patients reported improved satisfaction postintervention.

CONCLUSION

Proactive telephonic follow-up for oncology patients improves education retention, patient satisfaction, and has potential to improve patient safety and quality of care.
Developing a clinician-friendly rubric for assessing history-taking skills in medical undergraduates speaking English as a foreign language
Authors: Oshimi Takayuki
Published: March 2024

Background The Occupational English Test (OET) is a globally recognized test for healthcare professionals who speak English as a foreign language (EFL). Although its speaking sub-test criteria are publicly accessible, effective application demands specialized assessor training. This study aimed to create a physician-friendly rubric for assessing the English history-taking skills of EFL medical undergraduates inspired by the OET speaking sub-test. Methods Informed by the OET criteria, a rubric was tailor-made to assess the English history-taking skills of EFL medical undergraduates studying in Japan. Using this rubric, 14 physicians assessed the English history-taking skills of 134 sixth-year medical undergraduates. The study used exploratory factor analysis to ascertain its construct validity, evaluated the instrument’s reliability through Cronbach’s α and inter-rater reliability with chi-squared tests, and conducted a multiple regression analysis, ensuring adherence to key regression assumptions. Results A total of three key factors were found: linguistic-clinical distinction, communication dynamics, and medical comprehension. The rubric’s internal consistency was verified, achieving a Cronbach’s α of 0.799. Discrepancies in assessor scores highlighted the need for calibration. In total, four criteria emerged as vital in assessing the students’ performance. Conclusions The tailored rubric effectively assesses the English history-taking skills of EFL medical undergraduates.
Impact of virtual reality on promoting understanding of research in rural Africa: The KEMRI-Wellcome Trust virtual tour of research laboratories
Authors: Kiyuka Patience Kerubo , Mwango Grace , Mauncho Cynthia , Mumba Noni , Davies Alun , Kinyanjui Sam
Published: March 2024

Background Virtual Reality (VR) is poised to transform how science is communicated to the public. There is limited evidence of the use of VR for science education or engagement in sub-Saharan Africa. We produced a virtual reality video tour of the KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme (KWTRP) laboratories and tested its suitability as an engagement tool for secondary school students. Methods A group of 14 students from various secondary schools, but residents of Kilifi County, situated on the coast of Kenya, were invited for a guided tour of KWTRP laboratories. After that, they were split into three groups to discuss their understanding of the tour and what was relatable to what they were learning in school. The discussion informed the script of a 360 degree video of the KWTRP laboratories. The video was uploaded to the VR headsets and shown to select students (n=59) from three secondary schools in Kilifi County. We administered pre and post survey questionnaires to assess the impact of the virtual tour of the research laboratories. Results Most students reported having never watched videos on laboratory or research before, with few having ever used a virtual reality (VR) headset. After watching the virtual reality video of the laboratory, most students indicated that they found the VR experience good and agreed that it made them feel like they were touring the laboratory in person. They also indicated that they had an increased interest in working in a research laboratory. We observed significant gains in knowledge related to KWTRP among the students after watching the VR video. Conclusions Enabling the public to understand how research is conducted is important for garnering community confidence and scientific support. The virtual reality experience of research laboratories offers a promising tool for science engagement in young adults.
Study protocol for identifying resting brain functional connectivity markers of response to continuous Theta Burst Stimulation and cathodal transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in patients with schizophrenia with persistent auditory hallucinations
Authors: Sreeraj Vanteemar S. , Goyal Nishant , Shenoy Sonia , Balachander Srinivas , Arumugham Shyam Sundar , Parlikar Rujuta , Bagali Kiran Basawaraj , Chithra Uppinkudru , Sinha Preeti , Purohith Abhiram Narasimhan , Roy Chandramouli , Shivakumar Venkataram , Udupa Kaviraj , Thennarasu Kandavel , Shreekantiah Umesh , Praharaj Samir K. , Muralidharan Kesavan , Thirthalli Jagadisha , Mehta Urvakhsh Meherwan , Venkatasubramanian Ganesan
Published: March 2024

Background Schizophrenia is one of the most burdensome psychiatric disorders. Novel neuromodulatory techniques including cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (c-tDCS) and continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) are increasingly being used in alleviating the auditory verbal hallucinations that are persisting despite adequate antipsychotic treatment. Brain connectivity modulation by stimulating the left temporoparietal junction is thought to mediate these effects. The differential neurobiological mechanisms and efficacy of these two neuromodulation techniques are not known. We are unaware of any systematic studies that can guide clinicians in choosing between the two techniques. This protocol describes a parallel-arm, double-blind, randomized cross-over study to identify resting brain functional connectivity markers of response to cTBS and c-tDCS persistent auditory hallucinations to improve the efficacy of interventions. Methods Two hundred and ten consenting patients with schizophrenia with persistent auditory hallucinations will be randomly assigned to receive 15 days (30 sessions) of c-tDCS+sham-TBS or sham-tDCS+cTBS over the left temporoparietal region at three study centres. After a gap of 2-4 weeks, non-responders to the intervention will cross-over to the other arm. Clinical assessments, neurocognitive assessments, and multimodal investigations (magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalography, heart rate variability, investigative transcranial magnetic stimulation-transcranial direct current stimulation, gene polymorphisms) will be conducted at baseline and repeated after the end of both phases of the trial. A differential pre-treatment resting brain functional connectivity signal will identify responders to cTBS or c-tDCS. Registration Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI/2021/05/033783) registered on 25/05/2021.
The genome sequence of the Beautiful China-mark moth Nymphula nitidulata (Hufnagel, 1767)
Authors: Boyes Douglas , Mulhair Peter O. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: March 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Nymphula nitidulata (the Beautiful China-mark moth; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Crambidae). The genome sequence is 635.8 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z and W sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.36 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 20,031 protein coding genes.
The genome sequence of Gwynne’s mining bee, Andrena bicolor Fabricius, 1775
Authors: Falk Steven , Monks Joseph ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: March 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Andrena bicolor (Gwynne’s mining bee; Arthropoda; Insecta; Hymenoptera; Andrenidae). The genome sequence is 351.7 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 5 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 21.02 kilobases in length.
The genome sequence of the Four-banded Bee-grabber, Conops quadrifasciatus De Geer, 1776
Authors: Falk Steven , Crowley Liam M. , Clements David K. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: March 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Conops quadrifasciatus (the Four-banded Bee-grabber; Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Conopidae). The genome sequence is 210.4 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 7 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X and Y sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 18.07 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 23,090 protein coding genes.
ASSESSING INFLUENCE EXERTED BY AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION ON PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Kleyn Svetlana V. , Nikiforova Nadezhda V. , Vekovshinina Svetlana A.
Published: March 2024

Background. One of the factors influencing the health of the population, which is the object of one of the federal projects, is atmospheric air. Many studies have established that atmospheric air pollution with chemical impurities can cause the onset of a new or exacerbation of an existing pathology in humans.

Purpose. Assess the impact of atmospheric air pollution on the health indicators of the population of the Russian Federation.

Materials and methods. The hygienic assessment of atmospheric air quality was carried out using the data from Rospotrebnadzor form 18 for 2012-2021, data from the federal information fund for social and hygienic monitoring. The analysis of the primary morbidity of the population was carried out using statistical collections "The incidence of the entire population of Russia with a diagnosis established for the first time in life" for 2012-2021. The calculation of additional cases of population diseases associated with atmospheric air quality was performed in accordance with Methodological recommendations 5.1.0095-14.

Results. For the period 2012-2021 on the territory of the Russian Federation, the share of atmospheric air samples that do not meet hygienic requirements decreased by 1.69 times. Priority substances for which excesses of standards are registered are: benz(a)pyrene, xylene, hydrogen chloride, nickel oxide, ozone, ethenylbenzene, hydrochloride, methanethiol, particulate matter, formaldehyde, etc. Improvement in atmospheric air quality has reduced the number of additional cases of disease from all causes associated with air pollution. The structure of additional morbidity associated with atmospheric air quality is dominated by diseases of the respiratory, digestive, circulatory, and nervous systems. Additional cases of diseases of the population associated with air quality are registered, depending on the class of diseases, in the territories of 22-42 subjects of the Russian Federation.

Conclusion. The results obtained can be used in the formation of monitoring programs aimed at reducing priority chemical impurities in the atmospheric air and developing programs for the primary prevention of the population from diseases associated with atmospheric air quality.
INTERNET DEPENDENCE: RISK FACTORS AND INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Moskalenko Olga L.
Published: March 2024

Purpose: a review of domestic and foreign studies in the field of the formation of Internet addiction in adolescents.

Materials and methods. The article presents a review of the literature and analyzes scientific research on the prevalence of Internet addiction, the formation of Internet addiction and the individual psychological characteristics of adolescents according to researchers from various countries. The authors of the article conducted a scientific search using the relevant keywords in PubMed and Google Scholar search engines, in databases for searching scientific information: RFBR Library, PsyJournals, PsyArxiv, Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health, CyberLeninka, RSCI (eLIBRARY.RU) and others.

Results. To study the presence of Internet addiction and its types, surveys are used in research ("Chen Internet Addiction Scale" (CIAS), "Game Addiction Scale for Adolescents" (GASA) and "The Social Media Disorder Scale" (SMDS), Russian-language versions of questionnaires), psychological testing and psychological observation. Significant risk factors for Internet addiction in adolescents are: high excitability (irritability, nervousness); decrease in self-control (decrease in the manifestation of one's own emotions and motivations for activity); emotional instability (mood swings, impulsiveness, inconsistency of actions); anxiety-depressive conditions; tendency to introversion according to a complex of personality traits; insufficient development of emotional (social) intelligence (perception, use, understanding and management of emotions), difficulties in the educational process.

Conclusion. Early warning of the development of Internet addiction should be carried out in educational institutions. Personalized prevention of Internet addiction in the adolescent age group is the most effective and can significantly reduce the incidence. A qualified psychologist can identify a tendency to addictive behavior in adolescents. Educate children and adolescents in the reasonable use of technology. More research is needed in adolescents to better identify commonalities and different types of Internet content addiction.
ANALYSIS OF FEATURES OF MEDICATION SUPPLY STRUCTURE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL
Authors: Mironenkova Zhanna V. , Umarov Sergey Z. , Knysh Olga I. , Gabdulkhakova Lyaysan M. , El' Mussavi Mokhamad A.E.Kh.
Published: March 2024

The changing trade procedures within the healthcare system aim to improve the procurement mechanisms for medical products (MP), means of supplier identification, ways to reduce contract prices, and informational foundation for contracting. Research on the efficiency of MP procurement systems in the federal subjects of the Russian Federation and legislative acts applied to them is especially relevant today. This work aims to compare structural differences in contract-regulated MP procurement systems in the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB). The official website www.zakupki.gov.ru provides data on volumes and structure of MP supply in medical and pharmaceutical organizations of the RB. This paper contains the indexes of supplier and consumer rotation in the RB trade in 2013 and 2017 and a comparative analysis of tenders according to the form of order placement. The authors calculated the efficiency gains of signed contracts and conducted a comparative analysis of the examined tenders in the MP procurement system according to federal legislation (federal laws). The work undertaken allowed the authors to determine development tendencies in the competition among MP suppliers, identify the structural specificity of the MP tenders, and demonstrate their efficiency. The authors present conclusions drawn based on the comparative analysis and provide recommendations on the improvement of MP procurement in the RB. They identify the high potential of the republic to implement digital public auctions as a form of an MP procurement mechanism in accordance with Federal Law No. 223-FZ.
Z badań nad ludowymi rzeźbami kamiennymi Matki Boskiej z Dzieciątkiem na Środkowej Łemkowynie oraz ich domniemanym twórcą
Authors: Łopatkiewicz Tadeusz
Published: March 2024

З досліджынь над народныма камінныма різбами Богородиці з Ісусом на серединовій Лемковині і іх правдоподібным творцьомДосліджыня над народном камінном різбом на Лемковині зачали ся аж в 60. роках ХХ ст. Пару занимаючых ся том темом дослідників, головні етноґрафів, згромадило основны знаня о народным лемківскым каменярстві, о майстрах з ХІХ-ХХ-вічного каменярского осередка в Бортным, Перегонині, Бодаках, Фолюшу, о засобах суровин для окремых варштатів, а тіж основных плястычных приметах крестів, капличок, придорожных фіґур і нагробных форм выконуваных на Лемковині. Докладна інвентаризация тых форм при дорогах Лемковины і на цмонтерях принесла інтересуючы усталіня, што односят ся до еволюциі тых різбярскых творів – особливі камінных крестів. Білом плямом оставали до того часу сохранены приміры камінной фіґуральной різбы Лемків. В статі піднята єст адже проба стилістычного аналізуваня стислого ансамблю парунадцетьох різб Богородиці з Ісусом, што іх плястычны приметы дозваляют приняти, же тоты – што походят з років 1869 1894 – фіґуры вытесаны были долотом єдного, лемківского творці. По проведіню докладных розважань, выказуючых сутьовы повязаня єдной з тых фіґур з камінным придорожным крестом з Чорного (1869), можливе было вказаня назвиска того – до того часу незнаного – різбяря.
Disparities in College Students' Access to Academic Advising During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Soria Krista M.
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine whether there are disparities in undergraduate students' access to academic advising during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data were drawn from a multi-institutional survey of 31,575 college students attending 69 U.S. colleges and universities in spring 2021. Approximately one-third (29%) of students did not have access to academic advising during the pandemic, and a variety of demographic, institutional, environmental, and COVID-19 academic, financial, and health-related variables were associated with students' inability to access academic advising during the pandemic. Students from historically marginalized and minoritized identities in higher education were most likely to lack access to academic advising. Recommendations are provided to expand advising resources, use trauma-informed approaches, and offer holistic support to students.
‘‘ISLIK DİLİ KÜLTÜRÜNÜ AKTARMADA SİNEMANIN ROLÜ: TOPLUMSAL KİMLİK ARAYIŞI VE SİBEL FİLMİ’’
Authors: ELMAS Melek
Published: March 2024

Herhangi bir sanat dalı, sadece kendi içinde bulunduğu bağlamın değil komşu disiplinlerin ve farklı kültür ortamlarının da etki alanına girer. Bir disiplinin ortaya çıkmasında kendi sistemindeki ilintili parçaların haricinde diğer sanat dallarıyla kuracağı bütünleşme ve uyumun da etkin olması gerekir. Bu bağlamda birçok disiplinle çalışan sinema, kültür ve edebiyat ürünlerinin malzemelerini devralmış, görsel ve işitsel olarak sunma görevini üstlenmiştir. Hızlı yaşam şartlarına bağlı olarak gelişim gösteren sosyal ve kültürel alandaki değişmeler, birçok sanat disiplinine yansıdığı gibi sinemayı da etkisi altına almıştır. Bu hızlı yaşam bağlarının zincirlerinden, sanatın kendisini uzak tutması çoğu zaman mümkün olmamıştır. Medya araçlarının sinema dahil olmak üzere reklamcılık ve pop kültür üzerine yoğunlaştığı; modelleme üzerine devam ettiği günümüzde geleneksel veya evrensel kültür ürünlerinin sinemada gösterilmesi disiplinin bu çalışmalarını daha özgün kılmıştır. ‘‘Sibel’’ filmi geleneksel ve modern düşünce etrafında meydana çıkmış bir yapıttır. Çalışmada, Çağla Zencirci ve Guillaume Giovanetti ortak yapımı olan ‘‘Sibel’’ filminden yola çıkılarak sinemada genç bir kızın kimlik arayışının, kültür dilinin ve toplumsal bir yapının ele alınış şekli incelenmiştir. Yine çalışmada, filmin değerler dizgesine yansımış olan bölge coğrafyası, insanları ve yaşam tarzları ayrıca ele alınmış, Sibel’in doğayla ve erginleşme metaforu olarak kullanılan ‘‘Kırmızı Başlıklı Kız’’ masalıyla ilişkisi incelenmiştir.
Gaziantep Çeyiz Törenlerindeki Ritüellerin Kültürel Temelleri ve İşlevleri
Authors: BALİ Asli , ALPAY Türkan
Published: March 2024

Halk bilimi içerisinde değerlendirilen geçiş dönemleri ve bu dönemlerde gerçekleştirilen ritüeller bir toplumun kültürel değerleri, yaşayışı, inanışları, duygu ve düşünceleri hakkında fikir vericidir. Söz konusu toplumun kültürünün karakteristik özelliklerini anlamaya da yardımcı olur. Köklü bir tarihe ve zengin bir kültüre sahip olan Gaziantep’te pek çok kültürel miras yaşamakta ve geleneksel yapısını büyük oranda korumaya devam etmektedir. Bu unsurlardan biri olan çeyiz geleneği Türk tarihinin köklerinden itibaren evlilik geçiş dönemi içerisinde yer alan önemli bir konudur. Bu bağlamda Gaziantep çeyiz geleneği, geçmişi geleceğe taşıyan ve canlı olarak yaşatılan bir kültürel değerdir. Bu çalışmada yazılı kaynak taramasının yanı sıra görüşme ve katılımcı gözlem tekniklerinden yararlanılarak derleme çalışması yapılmıştır. Yapılan alan araştırması sonucunda Gaziantep çeyiz törenlerinde gerçekleştirilen ritüeller tespit edilmiş ve bunların kültürel temelleri incelenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler bağlam merkezli halk bilim kuramlarından işlevsel kuram çerçevesinde ele alınarak söz konusu ritüellerin işlevleri de ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda Gaziantep’teki çeyiz törenlerindeki ritüellerin Türklük coğrafyası ve Anadolu’daki uygulamalarla birtakım benzerlikler gösterdiği anlaşılmıştır. Aynı zamanda günümüzde kuşaktan kuşağa aktarılarak yaşatılan bu ritüellerin kökeninde eski inanç sistemlerinin izlerini taşıdığı görülmektedir. Çalışma sonucunda ilgili ritüellerin eğlenme, eğlendirme, eğitim, kültür aktarımı, toplumsal kurumlara ve törelere destek verme gibi işlevleri halen yerine getirdiği tespit edilmiştir.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE SISTEMA PARA RECONHECIMENTO DE COMANDOS DE VOZ PARA INTERFACE HOMEM-MÁQUINA DE UM ROBÔ PARA GUIAR VISITANTES
Authors: Washington Luis Ferreira de Oliveira Júnior  , Anfranserai Morais Dias
Published: March 2024

O reconhecimento de fala é um campo de extrema importância para a construção de interfaces homem-máquina modernas, visto que a fala é o meio natural de comunicação humana. Reconhecer uma fala envolve vários processos, como identificar as letraspresentes no sinal sonoro e atribuí-las em frases coerentes.
Building partnerships through third-party facilitation: best practices from the Community Collaborative Initiative
Authors: Siddiqui Shariq , Samad Abdul , Wasif Rafeel
Published: March 2024

Small minority group organisations rarely collaborate with other nonprofits owing to a lack of expertise and resources. Third-party facilitators can help these groups navigate the process of collaboration. However, the literature has largely ignored their role in the process. We address this gap by studying the challenges third-party facilitators face in the collaboration process and best practices they can apply using the Community Collaboration Initiative (CCI), a unique third-party-facilitated collaboration process working with Muslim American nonprofits.
A Sun that Never Sets: Eastern Cherokee Tattoo Artist John Henry Gloyne and the Aesthetics of Reimagining
Authors: Honma Todd , Francoso Anthony
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This article examines a selection of work by contemporary tattoo artist John Henry Gloyne (Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians) to understand how tattooing functions as an Indigenous creative practice that can imagine alternative realities and reestablish connections to Native pasts and presents. Gloyne's work redefines contemporary Native tattooing by highlighting its continuing significance and artistic innovations in the present. In doing so, Gloyne's work challenges the settler notion that Native cultural practices are static and stuck in the past. The authors' analysis includes Gloyne's reinvention of Cherokee symbols (water spider and Booger mask tattoos), early/mid-twentieth-century Americana tattoo flash, and his tattoo-inspired painting Sacred Realms: Tobacco Offerings to the Picture Machine . Honma and Francoso employ an analytic of "reimagining" to investigate how Gloyne's work embraces an ethos of experimentation and innovation that moves beyond settler frameworks of comprehension. In order to understand how he challenges various modes of representation and ways of looking that normalize the settler project, they historicize the symbols and motifs found in Gloyne's work. They incorporate interdisciplinary methods of visual analysis, historical recontextualization, and interview data to center Gloyne's unique aesthetic approach, which foregrounds renewed ways of envisioning and embodying Indigenous worlds.
Telegraphic Surveillance, Psychic Dislocation, and the Data of Black Biography
Authors: Nathaniel Steven
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Scholars have turned their attention to digital technologies' role in surveilling Blackness, but the ideas of privacy, data, and exploitation that inform this emerging research cannot be understood apart from their interlocked histories. This article examines encounters with the telegraph in mid-nineteenth century Black biography, focusing on the technology's role as a surveillance network that reshaped freedom-seekers' concept of American location. This historical precedent to location tracking inflicted a severe form of psychic dislocation that calls into question conventional understandings of the data of slavery. The existential disorientation recorded in this genre challenges inherited notions of history, while also guiding our navigation of contemporary technoculture and the social disparities it sustains.
Robert Jenson and the Dogmatic Location of Culture
Authors: Hoyum John W.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This article takes up Robert Jenson's theology of culture. According to Jenson, the church is a heavenly culture of its own alongside various worldly cultures. The church, therefore, presents a rival agenda for human social life conformed to a distinct Christian ethics and polity. Jenson's brand of ecumenical ecclesiology has also been leveraged against the challenge of modern secularity. However, this article contends that Jenson's ecumenical vision overinflates the doctrine of the church by assigning culture to it. Jenson's ecclesiology risks the particularity of the various cultures, languages, and contexts in which the gospel is proclaimed. To redistribute the contents of ecumenical ecclesiology—and its theology of culture—into the doctrine of creation, this article culminates with an examination of Martin Luther's theology and that of the Lutheran Confessions.
Vom “Flugtraum” zum “Luftmord”: Der österreichische Luftdiskurs im Kontext des Ersten Weltkrieges
Authors: Szczepaniak Monika
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This article looks at the literary and visual legacies of the development of weapons technologies and the prospect of aerial warfare in the early twentieth century, analyzing the literary and iconographic discourse on air warfare in the context of the First World War, as a development from “flight dream” to “air murder.” Even if Austria-Hungary represented a “remote province of international aerial activity” (F. P. Ingold), the rapid development of aerial technology in the form of aerodynamic airships and motorized flying machines did not go unnoticed there. Airspace acquires power as a political and military factor that is increasingly mobilized for national and imperial purposes. The article shows how these developments found their way into Austrian debates, literary production, and iconographic representation with reliance on the critical reading of texts and cartoons that announce something evil “in the air,” as if portending the use of air power in bombing civilian populations.
Three-dimensional particle streak velocimetry based on optical coherence tomography for assessing preimplantation embryo movement in mouse oviduct in vivo
Authors: Fang Tianqi , Han Huan , Sun Jingyu , Mukhamedjanova Aleese , Wang Shang
Published: March 2024

The mammalian oviduct (or fallopian tube) is a tubular organ hosting reproductive events leading to pregnancy. Dynamic 3D imaging of the mouse oviduct with optical coherence tomography (OCT) has recently emerged as a promising approach to study the hidden processes vital to elucidate the role of oviduct in mammalian reproduction and reproductive disorders. In particular, with an intravital window, in vivo OCT imaging is a powerful solution to studying how the oviduct transports preimplantation embryos towards the uterus for pregnancy, a long-standing question that is critical for uncovering the functional cause of tubal ectopic pregnancy. However, simultaneously tracking embryo movement and acquiring large-field-of-view images of oviduct activity in 3D has been challenging due to the generally limited volumetric imaging rate of OCT. A lack of OCT-based 3D velocimetry method for large, sparse particles acts as a technical hurdle for analyzing the mechanistic process of the embryo transport. Here, we report a new particle streak velocimetry method to address this hurdle. The method relies on the 3D streak of a moving particle formed during the acquisition of a single OCT volume, where double B-scans are acquired at each B-scan location to resolve ambiguity in assessing the movement of particle. We validated this method with the gold-standard, direct volumetric particle tracking in a flow phantom, and we demonstrated its in vivo applications for simultaneous velocimetry of embryos and imaging of oviduct. This work sets the stage for quantitative understanding of the oviduct transport function in vivo, and the method fills in a gap in OCT-based velocimetry, providing the potential to enable new applications in 3D flow imaging.
High-throughput speckle spectrometers based on multifractal scattering media
Authors: Kumar Bhupesh , Zhu Yilin , Dal Negro Luca , Schulz Sebastian A.
Published: March 2024

We present compact integrated speckle spectrometers based on monofractal and multifractal scattering media in a silicon-on-insulator platform. Through both numerical and experimental studies we demonstrate enhanced optical throughput, and hence signal-to-noise ratio, for a number of random structures with tailored multifractal geometries without affecting the spectral decay of the speckle correlation functions. Moreover, we show that the developed multifractal media outperform traditional scattering spectrometers based on uniform random distributions of scattering centers. Our findings establish the potential of low-density random media with multifractal correlations for integrated on-chip applications beyond what is possible with uncorrelated random disorder.
Panretinal handheld OCT angiography for pediatric retinal imaging
Authors: Ni Shuibin , LIANG GUANGRU , Ng Ringo , Ostmo Susan , Jia Yali , Chiang Michael F. , Huang David , Skalet Alison , Young Benjamin , Campbell J. , Jian Yifan
Published: March 2024

Comprehensive visualization of retina morphology is essential in the diagnosis and management of retinal diseases in pediatric populations. Conventional imaging techniques often face challenges in effectively capturing the peripheral retina, primarily due to the limitations in current optical designs, which lack the necessary field of view to characterize the far periphery. To address this gap, our study introduces a novel ultra-widefield optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) system. This system, specifically tailored for pediatric applications, incorporates an ultrahigh-speed 800 kHz swept-source laser. The system’s innovative design achieves a 140° field of view while maintaining excellent optical performance. Over the last 15 months, we have conducted 379 eye examinations on 96 babies using this system. It demonstrates marked efficacy in the diagnosis of retinopathy of prematurity, providing detailed and comprehensive peripheral retinal angiography. The capabilities of the ultra-widefield handheld OCTA system in enhancing the clarity and thoroughness of retina vascularization assessments have significantly improved the precision of diagnoses and the customization of treatment strategies. Our findings underscore the system’s potential to advance pediatric ophthalmology and broaden the scope of retinal imaging.
A study on the measurement of inter-provincial trade costs in Yangtze River Delta from the perspective of value-added trade and its promotion effect
Authors: Lu Renxiang , Wang Yang , Tong Huanyue
Published: March 2024

This article uses the Novy model improved by value-added trade data to measure the cost of inter-provincial trade in the Yangtze River Delta and, on this basis, uses the differential decomposition method to explore the promoting effect of inter-provincial trade costs on the development of inter-provincial trade in the Yangtze River Delta. The results show that the inter-provincial trade costs of the provinces/municipalities in the Yangtze River Delta have increased and decreased, but the changes are small, and there are significant differences in sectoral and bilateral trade costs; the results of the differential decomposition show that the contribution of inter-provincial trade costs to inter-provincial trade development in the Yangtze River Delta is much lower than that of economic growth. Therefore, the Yangtze River Delta should deepen the division of labor and cooperation, give full play to the radiation and leading role of Shanghai as an economic center, and accelerate the digital innovation transformation of the service industry to reduce inter-provincial trade costs and achieve a higher level of integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta.
Beneficial effects of resistance training on both mild and severe mouse dystrophic muscle function as a preclinical option for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Hassani Medhi , Moutachi Dylan , Lemaitre Mégane , Boulinguiez Alexis , Furling Denis , Agbulut Onnik , Ferry Arnaud
Published: March 2024

Mechanical overloading (OVL) resulting from the ablation of muscle agonists, a supra-physiological model of resistance training, reduces skeletal muscle fragility, i.e. the immediate maximal force drop following lengthening contractions, and increases maximal force production, in mdx mice, a murine model of Duchene muscular dystrophy (DMD). Here, we further analyzed these beneficial effects of OVL by determining whether they were blocked by cyclosporin, an inhibitor of the calcineurin pathway, and whether there were also observed in the D2-mdx mice, a more severe murine DMD model. We found that cyclosporin did not block the beneficial effect of 1-month OVL on plantaris muscle fragility in mdx mice, nor did it limit the increases in maximal force and muscle weight (an index of hypertrophy). Fragility and maximal force were also ameliorated by OVL in the plantaris muscle of D2-mdx mice. In addition, OVL increased the expression of utrophin, cytoplamic γ-actin, MyoD, and p-Akt in the D2-mdx mice, proteins playing an important role in fragility, maximal force gain and muscle growth. In conclusion, OVL reduced fragility and increased maximal force in the more frequently used mild mdx model but also in D2-mdx mice, a severe model of DMD, closer to human physiopathology. Moreover, these beneficial effects of OVL did not seem to be related to the activation of the calcineurin pathway. Thus, this preclinical study suggests that resistance training could have a potential benefit in the improvement of the quality of life of DMD patients.
Identifying central elements of the therapeutic alliance in the setting of telerehabilitation: A qualitative study
Authors: Seebacher Barbara , Geimer Carole , Neu Julia , Schwarz Maria , Diermayr Gudrun
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Therapeutic alliance is a relevant aspect of healthcare and may influence patient outcomes. So far, little is known about the therapeutic alliance in telerehabilitation.

Purpose

To identify and describe central elements of therapeutic alliance in the setting of telerehabilitation and compare it to those in conventional rehabilitation.

Methods

In this qualitative study, a literature search and in-depth semi-structured interviews with rehabilitation and telerehabilitation experts were conducted from 15.5.-10.8.2020 on elements influencing the therapeutic alliance in rehabilitation and telerehabilitation. Using a combined deductive and inductive approach, qualitative content analysis was used to identify categories and derive central themes.

Results

The elements bond, communication, agreement on goals and tasks and external factors were identified in the literature search and informed the development of the interview guide. Twelve purposively sampled experts from the fields of physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech and language therapy, psychology, general medicine, sports science and telerehabilitation software development participated in the interviews. We identified three central themes: building effective communication; nurturing a mutual relationship of trust and respect; and agreement on goals and tasks and drivers of motivation.

Conclusions

In this qualitative study, key elements of therapeutic alliance in rehabilitation confirmed those reported in the literature, with additional elements in telerehabilitation comprising support from others for ensuring physical safety and technical connectedness, caregivers acting as co-therapists and applying professional touch, and promoting patient autonomy and motivation using specific strategies.
Exploring the causal relationship between airborne particulate matter and ulcerative colitis: A two-sample mendelian randomization study
Authors: Fu Chong , Wang Qi , Chen Yan , Zhang Yanping
Published: March 2024

Background

Existing research has demonstrated links between airborne particulate matter and ulcerative colitis (UC) onset. Through Mendelian randomization, this study aims to further delineate the causal association between specific types of airborne particulates and UC.

Methods

A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was undertaken to investigate the causality between airborne particulate matter and UC. Genetic datasets for both airborne particulates and UC were derived from accessible genome-wide association studies (GWAS). We employed a range of MR techniques, such as inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR-Egger, and Wald Ratio, to validate the causality. In addition, sensitivity assessments were executed to ensure result reliability.

Results

The data indicate a probable positive correlation between PM2.5 exposure and UC risk (OR: 3.6; 95% CI: [1.2–11.3]; P = 0.026). The statistical strength for causal determination via the IVW approach stood at 0.87, with a Type I error rate set at 0.025. Assessments using Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger intercept, MR-PRESSO, and leave-one-out sensitivity analyses did not identify notable heterogeneity, pleiotropy, or biases in the overall relationship between PM2.5 and UC. Furthermore, the MR-Steiger assessment indicated that PM2.5 exposure level determinants predominantly affect UC vulnerability.

Conclusion

The findings underscore the potential involvement of PM2.5 in UC pathogenesis.
Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinases 1, 2, and 7, and their tissue inhibitors 1, 2, 3, and 4 in polytraumatized patients: Time trajectories, correlations, and their ability to predict mortality
Authors: Negrin Lukas L. , Carlin Greta L. , Ristl Robin , Hajdu Stefan
Published: March 2024

There has been limited research on assessing metalloproteinases (MMPs) 1, 2, and 7, as well as their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) 1, 2, 3, and 4 in the context of polytrauma. These proteins play crucial roles in various physiological and pathological processes and could be a reliable tool in polytrauma care. We aimed to determine their clinical relevance. We assessed 24 blunt polytrauma survivors and 12 fatalities (mean age, 44.2 years, mean ISS, 45) who were directly admitted to our Level I trauma center and spent at least one night in the intensive care unit. We measured serum levels of the selected proteins on admission (day 0) and days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10. The serum levels of the seven proteins varied considerably among individuals, resulting in similar median trend curves for TIMP1 and TIMP4 and for MMP1, MMP2, TIMP2, and TIMP3. We also found a significant interrelationship between the MMP2, TIMP2, and TIMP3 levels at the same measurement points. Furthermore, we calculated significant cross-correlations between MMP7 and MMP1, TIMP1 and MMP7, TIMP3 and MMP1, TIMP3 and MMP2, and TIMP4 and TIMP3 and an almost significant correlation between MMP7 and TIMP1 for a two-day-lag. The autocorrelation coefficient reached statistical significance for MMP1 and TIMP3. Finally, lower TIMP1 serum levels were associated with in-hospital mortality upon admission. The causal effects and interrelationships between selected proteins might provide new insights into the interactions of MMPs and TIMPs. Identifying the underlying causes might help develop personalized therapies for patients with multiple injuries. Administering recombinant TIMP1 or increasing endogenous production could improve outcomes for those with multiple injuries. However, before justifying further investigations into basic research and clinical relevance, our findings must be validated in a multicenter study using independent cohorts to account for clinical and biological variability.
A conquista do espaço subterrâneo
Authors: Sarra Pistone Raúl , Gouveia João , Plasencia Nadir , Figueiredo José Nuno , Diniz Vieira Gonçalo
Published: March 2024

Neste documento agrega-se a informação partilhada na sessão de comemoração dos 50 anos da SPG e 75 anos do LNEC. Nesse evento pretendeu-se divulgar a organização da Comissão Portuguesa de Túneis e Espaço Subterrâneo (CPT), assim como os principais objetivos, atividades realizadas e constituição dos Grupos de Trabalho. Os coordenadores dos Grupos de Trabalho expuseram a situação das atividades em desenvolvimento em cada grupo – i) GT6 (Metodologias Construtivas: Métodos Convencional e Mecanizado nas Obras Subterrâneas); ii) GT5 (Investigação e Desenvolvimento – Ciclo de Vida das Obras); iii) GT4 (BIM e Gestão da Informação nos Túneis e nas Obras Subterrâneas) e iv) GT2 (Engenharia e Legislação: Práticas Contratuais).
Development and Effectiveness of an Individual Cognitive Behavioral Program for Suicide Attempters
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Soo Jung
Published: March 2024

Purpose: Suicide attempters experience high levels of psychological stress such as depression, anxiety, hopelessness, guilt. The study aimed to develop an individual cognitive behavioral program for suicide attempters and verify its effectiveness. Methods: This study was an experimental design before and after nonequivalent control group. The participants were 18 suicide attempters(experimental group: 10 persons, control group: 8 persons). Experimental group participated in the individual cognitive behavioral program (8 sessions) for 8 weeks and the control group attended post suicide attempt, case management (8 sessions) for 8 weeks. Data collection was conducted by a structured questionnaire about depression, suicidal ideation, feelings of hopelessness, life satisfaction and expectations, and quality of life. Results: The individual cognitive behavioral program significantly reduced suicidal ideation (t=-2.12, p=.005), depression (t=-5.42, p<.001), and hopelessness (t=-7.59, p<.001) in suicide attempters compared to the usual case management. Conclusion: Our findings provide the valuable support that in suicide attempters, cognitive behavioral program reduces risk of suicidal reattempt via alleviating suicidal ideation, depression, and feeling of hopelessness.