bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
M, NM-polynomials Based on Reverse, Reduced Reverse Degree and Neighborhood Degree Based Topological Indices with Applications to
Bond Energy of Y-Junction Nanotubes
Authors: Huilgol Medha Itagi , P H Shobha , H Jayakrishna Udupa , Cangul Ismail Naci
Published: October 2024

Background:

In graph theory, M polynomials like the matching polynomial are very
crucial in examining the matching structures within graphs, while NM polynomials extends this
to analyze non-matching edges. These polynomials are important in many fields, including
chemistry and network architecture. They support the derivation of topological indices for protein
structure analysis, network communication optimization, and drug design in QSAR/QSPR
investigations.

Objective:

The aim of this paper is to define novel M and NM polynomials for different topological
indices and to derive their closed-form expressions, specifically for Y-junction nanotubes.
These new polynomials and indices are employed to create a robust QSPR model to predict
bond energy in Y-junction nanotubes, that provide high accuracy and reliability in the model's
statistical performance.

Method:

This paper introduces new forms of M and NM polynomials tailored to specific topological
indices related to reverse and neighborhood reverse properties. We derive closed-form
expressions for these indices in Y-junction nanotubes. Furthermore, we develop a QSPR model
to predict bond energy in Y-junction nanotubes using the newly defined indices.

Result:

We define novel M and NM polynomials for various topological indices and derive precise
expressions for Y-junction nanotubes. Utilizing these indices, we construct a highly accurate
QSPR model (R² = 0.999) for predicting bond energy in Y-junction nanotubes, confirming
the validity of our polynomial definitions and indices.

Conclusion:

We have presented new M and NM polynomials for different topological indices
and derive their expressions specifically for Y-junction nanotubes. With these newly defined indices,
we have developed a highly precise QSPR model to predict bond energy, achieving an R²
value of 0.999. This work underscores the effectiveness of our polynomial definitions and indices
in predicting material properties.
Advances in the Total Synthesis of Pharmacologically Important Fused Indolizidine Alkaloids: Securinine, Gephyrotoxin and Lepadiformine
Authors: Ali Afiqah A.A. , Wibowo Agustono , Rosli Nor H.M. , Foo Jhi B. , Mohammat Mohd F. , Loo Jason S.E.
Published: October 2024

Indolizidine alkaloids represent a diverse group of naturally occurring compounds
which are derived from various sources and possess a wide range of pharmacological activities.
Fused indolizidine alkaloids represent a distinct subset of these compounds, where additional
rings are fused with the indolizidine core. When combined with the specific stereochemistry
typically required for their biological activity, the fused ring structure complicates the synthesis
of this important class of compounds. Among the well-studied fused indolizidine alkaloids
are securinine, gephyrotoxin, and lepadiformine, which have all exhibited potential in important
therapeutic areas. Due to their complex structures, over the years numerous approaches
have been proposed to synthesize these compounds. In this article, we review the progress
made in synthetic routes for these key fused indolizidine alkaloids throughout history, providing
a broad overview and the distinct advantages of the various strategies that could be employed
in their synthesis.
Combination of Different Sectional Elastography Techniques with Age to Optimize the Downgrading of Breast BI-RAIDS Class 4a Nodules
Authors: Jiang Xianxian , Chen Le-yuan , Li Juan , Chen Fang-yuan , He Nian-an , Ye Xian-jun
Published: October 2024

Objective:

This study aims to optimize the downgrading of BI-RADS class 4a nodules by combining various sectional elastography techniques with age

Materials and Methods:

We performed conventional ultrasonography, strain elastography (SE), and shear wave elastography (SWE) on patients. Quantitative parameters
recorded included age, cross-sectional and longitudinal area ratios (C-EI/B, L-EI/B), strain rate ratios (C-SR, L-SR), overall average elastic
modulus values (C-Emean1, L-Emean1), five-point average elastic modulus values (C-Emean2, L-Emean2), and maximum elastic modulus values
(C-Emax, L-Emax).

Results:

Histopathological evaluations showed that out of 230 lesions, 45 were malignant, and 185 were benign. The sensitivity and specificity of
conventional ultrasonography were 100% and 0%, respectively. In contrast, SE and SWE exhibited higher specificity but lower sensitivity. Crosssectional
parameters (C-EI/B, C-SR, C-Emean1, C-Emean2, and C-Emax) outperformed their longitudinal counterparts, with C-SR and C-Emax
showing the highest specificity (72.43% and 73.51%) and satisfactory sensitivity (80.00% and 88.89%). Combining age with C-SR and C-Emax
significantly improved diagnostic efficiency, achieving a sensitivity of 97.78% and a specificity of 77.30%.

Conclusion:

Integrating age with C-SR and C-Emax effectively reduces unnecessary biopsies for most BI-RADS 4a benign lesions while maintaining a very
low misdiagnosis rate.
Prenatal Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Diagnosis of Dural Sinus Arteriovenous Malformation: An Unusual Case Report
Authors: Qiu Li , Chen Huizhu , Chen Ni , Luo Hong
Published: October 2024

Background:

Dural sinus arteriovenous malformation is an uncommon intracranial vascular malformation. The affected cases may suffer from severe
neurological injury. Prenatal ultrasound has been used to diagnose fetal intracranial vascular abnormality, but prenatal three-dimensional (3D)
ultrasound presents a very rare anomaly; an arteriovenous malformation of the dural sinus has not been reported.

Objective:

This study aimed to emphasize the diagnostic value of 3D ultrasound in the fetus with dural sinus arteriovenous malformation.

Case Presentation:

A 38-year-old woman was referred for targeted fetal ultrasonography at 37 weeks of gestation due to an ultrasound that showed a cystic lesion in
the posterior cranial fossa. The fetus demonstrated obvious dilatation of the torcular herophili, bilateral transverse sinuses, and bilateral sigmoid
sinuses, appearing as a novel bull's horn sign on 3D ultrasound. After birth, cerebral angiography confirmed the diagnosis of dural arteriovenous
fistula (DAVF) in the occipital sinus region.

Conclusion:

3D ultrasound is an appealing method for prenatal diagnosis of dural sinus arteriovenous malformation.
Research on Quadruped Crawling Robot Control with Finite-Time Observer in Continuous Convex Terrain
Authors: Zhang Peng , Nan FangHao , Liu LuYu , Wang Peng
Published: October 2024

Background:

In recent years, observers have been crucial for controlling quadruped
crawling robots, especially for feed-forward compensation in complex terrains. However, their tracking
performance in continuous convex terrains requires optimization.

Objective:

In order to improve the mobility of quadruped crawling robots by reducing posture adjustment
time in continuous convex terrain, a finite-time observer with integration elements and optimized
gait planning is proposed.

Methods:

First, a buffer phase is introduced into the tripod gait planning to adapt to terrain changes,
and the velocity error of the robot's center of mass is analyzed. Second, a coupled robot dynamics
model is developed and the disturbance component structure is derived to ensure accurate estimation
of the system state, especially in maintaining stability in the face of external disturbances. Finally,
the auxiliary variable of the observer is based on the velocity error, with disturbance estimation terms
combining power and sign functions, and the cumulative error is introduced by integrating the adjustment
functions to improve the tracking performance.

Results:

The proposed observer reduces the maximum estimation error at knee and hip joints by 0.63
and 0.425 degrees, respectively, compared to a non-integrated observer. The integral of the absolute
error during leg swing is 17.44% to 35.04% of the latter's, and the integral of the squared deviation
error is 1.90% to 8.38%. These results demonstrate that the proposed observer can track the state
information of the robot with greater accuracy.

Conclusion:

The proposed finite-time observer significantly improves motion control for robots in
continuous convex terrain and offers insights for enhancing stability in complex environments,
which is expected to address the challenges of other robotic manipulator systems in overcoming the
effects of external disturbances.
Extracción de pectina a partir de la cáscara de cacao y su caracterización mediante análisis de FT-IR
Authors: Aparicio huablocho Jordan Alexis , Neira Montoya Enrique Filiberto , Ramos Matias Pedro Meliton
Published: October 2024

Perú se encuentra entre los principales exportadores de cacao, consiguiendo un notable incremento en la producción y junto a ello una creciente generación de residuos. Estos desechos, al ser destinados en vertederos, conducen a una contaminación que perturba de manera significativa al ambiente. La mazorca es el principal residuo y se rescata por su contenido de pectina En este contexto, la presente investigación se propone como objetivo principal explorar la viabilidad de extraer pectina a partir de la cáscara de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), proveniente de los residuos de la industria cacaotera de la Peca-Amazonas. Para alcanzar este propósito, se implementó un proceso de hidrólisis a 70 ºC durante 120 minutos, utilizando una solución 0.1 N de ácido clorhídrico, fumárico y cítrico como agentes de extracción. Las muestras obtenidas fueron detalladamente caracterizadas en términos de rendimiento, peso equivalente, grado de metoxilo y contenido de AAG. Asimismo, fueron caracterizadas mediante la técnica de FT-IR, permitiendo determinar el grado de esterificación (DE) en cada caso. Los resultados presentaron pectinas de bajo grado de esterificación (6.11 - 43.14 %), mediante deconvolución y validado con el método de titulación potenciométrica. Este hallazgo establece un panorama prometedor para futuras aplicaciones y desarrollos científicos.
Web service with machine learning model for airspace monitoring
Authors: Popov A. D.
Published: October 2024

Objective. The goal is to develop a web service for detecting aerial objects that detects a flying object, highlights it in an image and classifies it as a threat, since modern aerial object detection systems do not always cope with the task of detecting unmanned aerial vehicles due to their small size, low flight altitude and the use of materials that are barely noticeable to radar stations. Unmanned aerial vehicles that operate without operator control make it difficult to detect by radio signals. To detect UAVs, it is proposed to use a system based on optical scanning of the sky around protected objects. The system should be capable of autonomous operation and include aerial object detectors created on the basis of computer vision and artificial intelligence technologies. Method. The research and development of the airspace monitoring web service are based on the methods of system analysis, synthesis, and deduction. Result. The visual part of the web interface has been designed and developed; a dataset has been formed from open sources for the correct detection of flying objects; a neural network detector has been developed for classifying flying objects that pose a danger; a software module has been developed that allows for the automatic detection of identification flags of dangerous air objects with subsequent provision of reports in txt files in yolo format (coordinates are normalized). Conclusion. Separation of the visual part of the service will allow for distributed deployment of the server part, increasing flexibility and scalability. Development of the administrator control panel will allow for effective control of the service, management of settings and users. As a result, the web service will be able to: monitor the sky around protected objects, automatically detecting and classifying air objects and identifying air objects by threat level, providing information for taking necessary measures.
Research by the method of an extended systematical literature review E-SLR the problem of ensuring the security of personal data when using OSINT
Authors: Romanova N. N. , Gryzunov V. V.
Published: October 2024

Objective. The amount of personal data in open sources increases, which makes it possible for third parties to access it using open source intelligence (OSINT) methods, which can be used for malicious purposes. The aim of the work is to identify threats and existing methods and means of ensuring the security of a user's personal data and his reputation when using OSINT by intruders, as well as to identify the main problems in protecting user PD taking into account OSINT. Method. The study uses an extended method of systematic literature review (e-SLR), which is a systematic literature review (SLR) supplemented by responses from ChatGPT, GigaCHAT, YndexGPT neural networks. Result. 41 sources were received for the analysis of the problem, on the basis of which threats to personal data were identified: violation of the confidentiality of personal data and the operation of information systems, targeted attacks using social engineering, password disclosure, espionage; protection tools: data processing before publication, anonymization and depersonalization, limitation of personal data, selection of sites, protection using OSINT, creation of complex passwords, use of protection tools, organizational measures; problems in the development of protection tools: working with big data, unreliability of information and sources, labor-intensiveness of data analysis, technical limitations, bias, ethical and legal aspects. Conclusion. The results were used to develop models for protecting personal data in open sources, methods and means for detecting and preventing violations of their security.
Optimization of Rafter and Frame structures
Authors: Yusupov A. K. , Muselemov H. M. , Vishtalov R. I.
Published: October 2024

Objective. Trusses and frames are widely used in the design and construction of buildings and structures, since they have high load-bearing capacity and rigidity. At the same time, they have a significant mass. In order to reduce the mass and cost of rafter and frame structures, this article develops optimal design and calculation schemes using steels of different strengths. Method. The study is based on the theory and methods of design optimization. By studying the features of the frame and truss operation, the most loaded elements of the structures are determined. In accordance with this, steels of different strengths are selected, which ensures a decrease in the mass of the structure and its cost. Comparing various design and calculation schemes, the optimal distribution of steels of different strengths along the span of the structures is proposed. Result. The developed design and calculation schemes make it possible to reduce the mass and cost of frames and trusses by optimally distributing steels of different grades. Conclusion. The proposed solutions can find application in the practice of designing and constructing metal structures. Structural schemes of trusses and frames have been developed, where steels of different strengths are used, which in terms of weight and cost compare favorably with corresponding structures made of steels of the same strength (one grade).
Categorization of objects of critical information infrastructure of higher education institutions
Authors: Burkova E. V. , Rychkova A. A. , Gritsenko L. A.
Published: October 2024

Objective. Currently, the task of ensuring the security of Russia's national information resources is being updated as an important area of state policy in the information sphere. The purpose of the article is to describe a methodology for determining the criticality of processes in the research activities of a higher educational institution in order to solve the issue of assigning it the category of critical information infrastructure and, in accordance with this category, ensuring the requirements for the information security system. Method. The method of expert assessments and BPMN business process modeling are used. Result. An overview of approaches to categorizing objects of critical information infrastructure of scientific activity of higher education institutions is presented. The analysis and comparison of regulatory documents of regulators, their adaptation for the field of science, the main stages of categorization, local regulatory documents allowing categorization in accordance with the requirements of the regulatory framework are determined. To carry out the categorization process of the university, a scheme of categorization stages has been developed, the rules of analysis of the organization's objects for the purpose of identifying criticality with subsequent assignment of a category of significance or rejection of a category have been considered. Conclusion. The scientific activity of a higher education institution is subject to analysis to identify critical processes, inventory of objects with identification of possible consequences as a result of the implementation of security threats, identification of subjects and objects of critical information infrastructure, assessment of the category of significance. To increase the reliability of the results obtained, the rules of procedure of the special commission on categorization, drafts of local documents on the inventory of objects and the formalization of processes have been developed.
Finding the optimal way to build an information security system based on Markov chains
Authors: Konakov A. M. , Livshits I. I.
Published: October 2024

Objective. The study examined the main aspects of building an information security system from the point of view of optimizing the resources spent and funds to ensure information security. Method. In this subject area, the possibilities of structural-parametric models and Markov chains for identifying the optimal line for constructing a multi-level information security system are considered. Practice shows that the construction and implementation of a multi-level information security system reduces the possibility for an attacker of compromise and unauthorized access to protected information. Result. An analysis of the functionality of the constructed models was carried out as a means of finding the optimal way to build an information security system. An assessment of information security risks was carried out at the most vulnerable points in the information security processes. An approach to building a multi-level information security system using the functionality of structural-parametric models and Markov chains has been developed and proposed. A pattern has been formulated that makes it possible to determine the correctness of the constructed information security system based on the analysis and assessment of information security risks at the most vulnerable points of a multi-level information security system, in the process of transition from one state to another. Conclusion. Ensuring information security using mathematical modeling methods is a relevant and valuable tool based on the dynamism of threats and their uncertainty at different periods of time. The development, testing and implementation of new approaches based on modeling allows us to predict and prevent the most likely actions and steps of an attacker, thereby reducing the level of risk and possible damage to protected information resources and systems.
Federalisme in crisis(tijden)
Authors: Outreach OCAD/OCAM
Published: October 2024

Crisissituaties behoeven een efficiënt crisisbeleid. In federale stelsels is dit echter geen evidentie aangezien de bevoegdheden zijn verdeeld over minstens twee autonome beleidsniveaus, waardoor zij zijn aangewezen op langdurige en vaak spaaklopende samenwerking. Om die verhinderende bevoegdheidsverdeling te omzeilen, maken federale overheden veelal gebruik van zogenaamde ‘noodbevoegdheden’ op basis waarvan zij kunnen interveniëren in de deelstatelijke bevoegdheidssfeer. Opmerkelijk is dat dergelijke noodbevoegdheden in beginsel niet zijn aan te treffen in het federale België. Aangezien de inefficiëntie van het Belgische crisisbeleid alsmaar meer de veiligheid van de bevolking in het gevaar brengt, buigt dit artikel zich over de vraag of federale noodbevoegdheden ook hun intrede zouden moeten doen in België.
De Olympische Spelen vroeger en nu: De sociale status van de atleet, de participatie van de vrouw en de internationale integratie
Authors: Vanhove Doris
Published: October 2024

Discussion of some aspects (mentioned in the subtitle) of the Sacred Games in the Greek world, as compared to the modern Olympic Games, with special attention for the ideas of baron de Coubertin.
De agonie van de hond: Over het naturalisme in de Nieuwgriekse literatuur
Authors: Borghart Pieter
Published: October 2024

The term “naturalism” covers a range of divergent meanings. Therefore, the first part of the present article confronts a number of traditional definitions of this European literary movement with a more nuanced view which inevitably emerges from a global reading of Emile Zola’s total theoretical output: naturalism as a specific type of realism that attempts to transgress the boundaries between literature and science by using literary texts as a means of acquiring (sociological) knowledge and spreading it among the contemporary reading public. Subsequently, such a conception of literature of course did not arise out of the blue, but originated throughout Europe (including Greece) at the end of the 19th century in a more or less similar cultural historical context, consisting of the following components: (1) the presence of a broader movement of realist literature (realism before 1880, ηθογραφία), (2) a cultural historical background that justifies the connection between literature and the idea of an objective and scientific study of the contemporary society (λαογραφία), and (3) assignable “material” reception of French or other European naturalism (translations, articles, manifests). Finally, the last part of this paper shows how the Greek literary system of the time managed to implement European naturalism in an idiosyncratic way, for Greek naturalism did not restrict itself to the assimilation of “social” knowledge – as frequently happened in other European variants – but also exhibits a strong “laographic” dimension.
De filosofisch-religieuze achtergrond van keizer Julianus' 'Hymne aan koning Helios'
Authors: Lannoy Annelies
Published: October 2024

Although often underestimated, the Hymn to King Helios is one of the emperor Julian’s most interesting and ambitious writings. It expresses his exceptional devotion for the solar god Helios, and displays the philosophical justification for the association of all the common gods with King Helios in an attempt to put forward a pagan alternative for christianity. After an examination of the neoplatonic way of thinking, the article focuses on Iamblich as the explicit source of Julian’s philosophical convictions. Furthermore, in search of the religious mechanisms used to subordinate Late Roman deities to King Helios, the article deals with the widespread syncretism of Julian’s time. Thus, the hymn provides an exceptional amount of knowledge about Julian as both a philosopher and a religious innovator.
Kazantzakis: Trouwe lezer van de 'Franse' Nietzsche
Authors: De Boel Gunnar
Published: October 2024

The dissertation on Nietzsche’s philosophy, which Kazantzakis wrote in 1909, is shown to be based mainly on studies by French scholars, which provided him not only with most of its content, but also with its very structure. The knowledge of these sources allows us to follow the way Kazantzakis selects and combines them, in function of his own interests and of his identification with Nietzsche. Likewise, the passages where he differs from all of his sources may be understood as ele-
ments of Kazantzakis’ self-portrait. Even more importantly, some of the concepts that Kazantzakis attributes to Nietzsche, and which play an essential role in his own thinking, up to the period of his great post-World War II novels, appear to be based on a mistaken interpretation of Nietzsche by Lichtenberger.
Over helden, schurken en mooie vrouwen: James Bond in de oudheid?
Authors: De Temmerman Koen
Published: October 2024

From antiquity has come down to us a literary genre commonly referred to as the ancient Greek novel. Romantic love and adultery, villains and pirates, shipwrecks and separation, reunion and a happy ending are only some of the stock motives informing their plots. These narratives are usually labelled ‘ideal’ and one of their primary functions is likely to have been entertainment. This article focuses on the literary and rhetorical toolkits adopted by the novelists to confront traditional, stereotypical material. The conclusions suggests that some of these novels are not as ideal as common opinion would have it.
Een panterschip in een zee van bittere tijden: Muziek en politiek in het Griekenland van de 20ste eeuw
Authors: Pardon Luc
Published: October 2024

The first three quarters of the 20th century in Greece were turbulent times. Consequently, much has been written about this period, from every possible angle. One question, however, has attracted relatively little attention: how did the man-inthe-street perceive politics, what was his view on decisions that were made high above his head but nonetheless had tremendous impact on his daily life? And above all: how did he cope with all the horror, how did he conserve his mental sanity? Why didn’t all the fuses blow?

This article argues that some insight can be gained from popular songs of the period. It examines the texts of several songs, more or less randomly sampled but all of them dealing with things political, and (almost) all of them created, played and listened to by common people. The songs cover the period from the Balkan Wars to the final days of the Junta, and many of them are little known outside Greece (and maybe even inside, nowadays).

It is demonstrated how, hidden in these songs, there is a wealth of information about the world in which they were conceived. Also, the message that jumps out of each song (enthusiasm, indignation, sadness, etc.) concurs with what conventional textbooks have to say about the public opinion that prevailed during the corresponding period. Along the way, it is interesting to see how songwriters adjusted to censorship as the years went by.

In conclusion, it is apparent that people have applied various defensive strategies in the face of threats, attackers and oppressors of all shapes and colors: patriotism on the one hand, to give meaning to sacrifice, and humor, satire and mockery on the other hand, in order to preserve their self-esteem. As the title – borrowed from two song lines stitched together with some sense for bad metaphor – suggests: people clad themselves with different types of armor while trying to steer through a sea of bitter times without being shipwrecked. Admittedly, these findings are not exactly earth-shattering, nor are they very surprising, but, well, there is always the songs ...
Parrhèsia', 'asebeia' en censuur: Het vrije spreken en het beknotten van de vrije meningsuiting in het klassieke Athene en de Late Oudheid
Authors: Praet Danny
Published: October 2024

Ancient Greece is often seen as the cradle of democracy, of free thought and of free speech. This article presents a number of historical cases of intellectual repression in Greece and Rome, including examples even of book-burning. It discusses the political and philosophical concept of parrhèsia and analyses the importance of religious restrictions through well known charges of asebeia (Anaxagoras, Protagoras and Socrates). In the second section of the article Plato’s philosophical arguments in favor of preventive and repressive censorship are put forward, to end with a short discussion of the Stoic attitude towards censorship.
De andere barbaar: De Skyth in het oeuvre van Loukianos
Authors: Gielen Ann
Published: October 2024

This article provides insight into the representation of Scythians in three orations of 2nd-century sophist Lucian: The Scythian, Toxaris and Anacharsis. The research is embedded within the broader discussion of the topic ‘the Other’, with emphasis on barbarians and the Greek-barbarian antitheses in ancient Greek literature, and touches on the topic of Scythians by focusing on their literary representation. Relying on a close reading of the three texts, insight is provided into the representation of the Scythians. The analysis suggests that stereotypes, (the struggle for) the dominant perspective and the principle of reverse mirror imaging are of importance when Scythians are represented in Lucian’s works. Although the scope of this study is limited to the three orations in which Scythians are central characters, it is nonetheless demonstrated that ‘the Other’ is a relative and reflective concept.
A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Woman: Margarita Lymberaki’s 'Strooien Hoeden' als vrouwelijke Künstlerroman
Authors: De Baerdemaeker Ine
Published: October 2024

This article offers an analysis of Margarita Lymberaki’s Straw Hats (Τα Ψάθινα Καπέλα) as an illustration of the altered nature of the female Künstlerroman in the 20th century. While highlighting the gradual evolution of the female protagonist towards an artist, more specifically a storyteller, the article’s main focus lies on the metafictional references that blur the boundaries between fiction and reality, and that echo the author’s achievement: the adaptation of male-oriented literary conventions in order to achieve a literature of one’s own.
Moderne Dioscuren: Mythe, receptie en theorie in Michel Tourniers 'Les Météores'
Authors: Sels Nadia
Published: October 2024

This article discusses the reception of Greek myth in the novel Les Météores (translated as Gemini) by Michel Tournier, a French author who was heavily influenced by the structuralist myth theory of Claude Lévi-Strauss. In Les Météores, Tournier offers us a sophisticated reworking of the myths of the divine twins Castor and Pollux on the one hand and the blind seer Tiresias on the other. By exploring the intricate web of symbolism that connects both narratives, Tournier turns them into stories that reflect on human solitude and the impossible dream of unification.
In memoriam Thodoros Angelopoulos: Melancholisch filmdichter uit de Balkan
Authors: Sartor Freddy , Michiels Dirk
Published: October 2024

The career of the Greek filmmaker, screenwriter and producer Thodoros Angelopoulos lasted for more than 40 years, during which he composed a exceptional oeuvre of fifteen movies. Well-known examples are his debut Reconstruction (1970), The Travelling Players (1974), Alexander the Great, which won theGolden Lion at the film festival in Venice in 1980, and of course Eternity and a Day, the winner of the Palm d’Or in Cannes in 1998. The work of Angelopoulos is characterized by a unique style that could be described as an idiosyncratic mixture of slow and episodic narrative structures, long takes and a melancholic atmosphere. The mythical stories that Angelopoulos tells are mostly based upon (Greek) history. Although his individual films perfectly stand on their own, they also seem to constitute chapters of larger whole. In this respect, Angelopoulos’ preference for long takes was a political and ethical issue rather than a purely esthetical one. As an eye-witness of some of the most dramatic episodes of recent Greek history, he attempted to narrate not only his personal story, but the story of his generation and his country.
Gelijke kansen voor iedereen? Aspecten van sociale mobiliteit in het klassieke Athene
Authors: Deene Marloes
Published: October 2024

In this article on social mobility in classical Athens, the author examines the traditional static model of the social structure in democratic Athens, in order to formulate a new, more dynamic interpretative model of the socio-economic situation in classical Athens. Since social mobility can be defined as the movement between different positions in a society’s social stratification system, which should be conceived of along many dimensions, it is to be understood as a multifaceted concept, which ought to be studied as such. For this reason, this article examines the traditional static model of the social structure in democratic Athens along various lines of research, namely the problem of economic mobility, the role of timè, the value of social capital and the importance of demonstrating legal status in Athenian society.
Tragische verantwoordelijkheid in het vroege Griekse drama: Daadkracht en daimones in Aeschylus’ 'Zeven tegen Thebe'
Authors: Van den Brande Sarah-Helena
Published: October 2024

This essay examines early Greek tragedy’s inquiry into the scope of human agency under the influence of decidedly superhuman forces. Specifically, it aims at a reassessment of the notion of tragic responsibility in Aeschylus’ Seven against Thebes through an investigation of the literary techniques with which it is depicted. A brief presentation of the role of the gods in Greek tragedy and of the developing notion of responsibility is followed by an analysis of the play in which specific attention is given to shifts in the play’s vocabulary and its systematic use of metaphor. As such, it sheds light on the ways in which tragedy’s exemplary tension between the human and the divine is successfully foregrounded in one of the genre’s very first extant exponents.
U zei “Grieken”? Veel namen voor één volk, of veel volkeren met één taal?
Authors: De Boel Gunnar
Published: October 2024

Homer uses the names ‘Achaeans’, ‘Danaäns’ and ‘Argives’ indiscriminately when he wants to refer to the Greeks collectively, but these names must originally have designated different peoples. The discovery and subsequent decipherment of the ‘Aegean List’ of Kom-el-Hetan in Egypt has established beyond doubt that the ancient Egyptians knew Mycenae and its reign, which Homer himself calls ‘Argos’, while they called it ‘Danaia’. The link with the ‘Danaäns’, and with the mythological role of King Danaos, is obvious. On the other hand, there is a consensus now that the land ‘Ahhiawa’ in Hittite sources refers to a powerful state on the Greek mainland. The discovery of Linear-B tablets in Thebes, in 1993, and, again, the role this town and its dynasty plays in Greek mythology, lends support to the hypothesis that ‘Ahhiawa’ refers in fact to the kingdom of Thebes. The Greeks’ new name in the first millennium B.C., ‘Hellenes’, on the other hand, originated in Achilles’ country, in southern Thessaly, not very far from the panHellenic sanctuary of Delphi. The refounding of this sanctuary, about 800 B.C., and the establishment of the Olympic Games, in 776 B.C., must have given an important impetus to the use of a common name for all the Greeks. The name used in Italy to designate the Greeks, finally, retains much of its mystery. Aristotle’s explanation of its origin by the otherwise unknown tribe of Epirote ‘Graikoi’ is still commonly preferred to Busolt’s old explanation, which sought to link this name to the Greek city of Graia. A new analysis of an Etruscan inscription might however shed new light on this link.
Schijndood in de romans van Henry Fielding: De 18de-eeuwse nawerking van een motief uit de antieke romans
Authors: Ricquier Kirsten
Published: October 2024

The eighteenth-century novels of Henry Fielding show striking resemblanceswith the ancient romances. This article focuses on one such similarity: the motif of apparent death. It explores instances where not only the motif itself but also a number of narrative details (plot lines, situations, results and/or goals) recall passages from specific Greek romances. Fielding’s use of ancient fiction is contextualized by comparison/contrast with his famous rival Samuel Richardson, whouses the motif in a significantly different way. Fielding uses the motif to direct the plot or create a certain atmosphere of a scene. He adapts it to his own style and his theme of the human passions.
Is Orestes schuldig? De schuldproblematiek in Griekse Orestestragedies en Nederlandse vertalingen
Authors: Vanhoutte Lieven
Published: October 2024

Aeschylus and Euripides gave different answers to the burning question of who has to be considered guilty for Clytaemestra’s assassination. On the one hand, we are looking for the culprit in four tragedies. On the other hand, we analyse the numerous translations of the Greek word for culpability (aitia) in some Dutch versions of the dramas. These translations may reveal divergent visions on the guilt-problem.
Troje, landschap van verhalen: Een greep uit de antieke literaire traditie rond het Trojaanse paard
Authors: Scheijnen Tine
Published: October 2024

Myth reigns in Troy, where literature inspires archaeology. The ever popular ‘story’ about the Trojan War is in fact a complex mosaic: a cycle of stories that have reached us from different sides and in various forms, throughout the ages. We cannot (or no longer) reconstruct a ‘standard version’. Instead, we are dealing with a very rich and colourful tradition: in (epic and other) literature from Homer onwards, the Trojan War is subject to continuous reception, reworking and renewal. From tragedy over manic Homer imitation towards playful prose summary...in our own century, the spear of Achilles has even been passed on to Brad Pitt.New versions appropriate the famous story and its characters in the most creative, sometimes plainly contradicting ways. This paper traces the episode of the wooden horse through eight literary narratives. It provides a reflection on the endless reception of Troy in the context of Latin and Greek literature, from Homer all the way to the Middle Ages (and beyond).
Een enige taal. Grieken over het Grieks
Authors: Van Hal Toon
Published: October 2024

This survey contribution examines the extent to which the Greeks reflected on their own language and on other languages. What sorts of linguistic research did they engage in, and to what degree are we still informed of the results of their explorations? The article discusses, among other things, their ideas about etymology, the importance of the alphabet as well as their grammatical and lexicographical activity
Thourios. Rigas’ “dichterlijke” oproep tot strijd
Authors: Aerts Willem
Published: October 2024

The Greek text along with a rhyming Dutch translation of Rigas' famous militant song. The introductory remarks give a general interpretation of the text and deal with some particular problems.
De politieke ideeën van Rigas Velestinlis: een onmogelijke droom
Authors: Detrez Raymond
Published: October 2024

The theoretical introduction of this article opposes the civil state to the ethnic state. A close reading of some relevant texts by Rigas makes clear that his dream was to create a civil state. The final part examines the influence of his ideas on 19th century political thinkers in Greece and other parts of the Balkans. It appears that his ideas, profoundly influenced by the French Enlightenment, were without success.
Umbert Eco's Baudolino. Een lectuur aan de hand van Nicetas Choniates’ Χρονική διήγησις
Authors: van Peteghem Julie
Published: October 2024

Umberto Eco’s historical novel Baudolino (2000) is laced with quotations and references to other literary works, of which the Χρονική διήγησις, by the Byzantine historiographer Nicetas Choniates (1155-1217), is probably the least well known, though it is one of the most interesting. In this article 1 demonstrate the ways in which Eco integrated the character and the work of Choniates into Baudolino, and how these relate to the general themes of the novel.
Implementasi dan dampak pendidikan holistik berbasis lingkungan pada siswa: studi kasus di sekolah alam
Authors: Widodo Syukri Fathudin Achmad , MR Moh Irsyad Fahmi , Widiastuti Anik , Ahmed Touheed , Shahzeb Shahzeb
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the implementation of holistic education at Sekolah Alam Sukahaji in Tasikmalaya and how it impacts student development. The study used a qualitative case study design and employed participant observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. Data were collected over a period of six months from various stakeholders, including teachers, parents, and students. The results showed that Sekolah Alam Sukahaji successfully integrated the national curriculum with a nature-based learning approach and the institution’s core values. Sekolah Alam Sukahaji created a learning environment that supports the overall growth of students by using an experiential learning model and the surrounding environment as a medium for learning. This model has been shown to improve students’ cognitive, affective, and psychomotor abilities. The active involvement of parents in the learning process reinforces the idea that education is holistic and has a positive impact on students’ cognitive and socio-emotional development. Thus, Sekolah Alam Sukahaji offers a viable option for the education system and contributes significantly to the diversification of learning methods and education models in Indonesia.
Impact of Video-Based Error Correction Learning for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training: Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Wang Yun , Fu Junzuo , Wang Shaoping , Wang Huijuan , Gao Wei , Huang Lina
Published: October 2024

Background

Video-based error correction (VBEC) in medical education could offer immediate feedback, promote enhanced learning retention, and foster reflective practice. However, its application in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training has not been investigated.

Objective

The objective of this study is to assess whether the VBEC procedure could improve the training performance of CPR among anesthesiology residents.

Methods

A quasi-experimental study was conducted among anesthesiology residents between December 2022 and April 2023. Primary outcomes included a posttraining knowledge test and practical assessment scores. Secondary outcomes included the number of residents who correctly conducted CPR at each step, the rate of common mistakes during the CPR process, and the self-assessment results. A total of 80 anesthesiology residents were divided into a VBEC group (n=40) and a control group (n=40). The VBEC group underwent a 15-minute VBEC CPR training, whereas the control group underwent a 15-minute video-prompting CPR training.

Results

The posttraining knowledge test score of the VBEC group was significantly higher than that of the control group (73, SD 10.5 vs 65.1, SD 11.4; P=.002). The residents in the VBEC group had lower error rates in “failure to anticipate the next move” (n=3, 7.5% vs n=13, 32.5%; P=.01) and “failure to debrief or problem solve after the code” (n=2, 5% vs n=11, 27.5%; P=.01), as well as better performance in the “secure own safety” step (n=34, 85% vs n=18, 45%; P<.001) than those in the control group. The VBEC group showed significantly higher confidence in CPR than the control group (n=?, 62.5% vs n=?, 35%; P=.03).

Conclusions

VBEC may be a promising strategy compared to video prompting for CPR training among anesthesiology residents.
Machine Learning–Based Prediction of Neurodegenerative Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes by Derivation and Validation in 2 Independent Korean Cohorts: Model Development and Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sang Hyunji , Lee Hojae , Park Jaeyu , Kim Sunyoung , Woo Ho Geol , Koyanagi Ai , Smith Lee , Lee Sihoon , Hwang You-Cheol , Park Tae Sun , Lim Hyunjung , Yon Dong Keon , Rhee Sang Youl
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Several machine learning (ML) prediction models for neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have recently been developed. However, the predictive power of these models is limited by the lack of multiple risk factors.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess the validity and use of an ML model for predicting the 3-year incidence of ND in patients with T2DM.

METHODS

We used data from 2 independent cohorts—the discovery cohort (1 hospital; n=22,311) and the validation cohort (2 hospitals; n=2915)—to predict ND. The outcome of interest was the presence or absence of ND at 3 years. We selected different ML-based models with hyperparameter tuning in the discovery cohort and conducted an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) analysis in the validation cohort.

RESULTS

The study dataset included 22,311 (discovery) and 2915 (validation) patients with T2DM recruited between 2008 and 2022. ND was observed in 133 (0.6%) and 15 patients (0.5%) in the discovery and validation cohorts, respectively. The AdaBoost model had a mean AUROC of 0.82 (95% CI 0.79-0.85) in the discovery dataset. When this result was applied to the validation dataset, the AdaBoost model exhibited the best performance among the models, with an AUROC of 0.83 (accuracy of 78.6%, sensitivity of 78.6%, specificity of 78.6%, and balanced accuracy of 78.6%). The most influential factors in the AdaBoost model were age and cardiovascular disease.

CONCLUSIONS

This study shows the use and feasibility of ML for assessing the incidence of ND in patients with T2DM and suggests its potential for use in screening patients. Further international studies are required to validate these findings.
Enhancing Patient Safety Through an Integrated Internet of Things Patient Care System: Large Quasi-Experimental Study on Fall Prevention (Preprint)
Authors: Wen Ming-Huan , Chen Po-Yin , Lin Shirling , Lien Ching-Wen , Tu Sheng-Hsiang , Chueh Ching-Yi , Wu Ying-Fang , Tan Cheng Kian Kelvin , Hsu Yeh-Liang , Bai Dorothy
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

The challenge of preventing in-patient falls remains one of the most critical concerns in health care.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate the effect of an integrated Internet of Things (IoT) smart patient care system on fall prevention.

METHODS

A quasi-experimental study design is used. The smart patient care system is an integrated IoT system combining a motion-sensing mattress for bed-exit detection, specifying different types of patient calls, integrating a health care staff scheduling system, and allowing health care staff to receive and respond to alarms via mobile devices. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models were used to investigate the relationship between the use of the IoT system and bedside falls compared with a traditional patient care system.

RESULTS

In total, 1300 patients were recruited from a medical center in Taiwan. The IoT patient care system detected an average of 13.5 potential falls per day without any false alarms, whereas the traditional system issued about 11 bed-exit alarms daily, with approximately 4 being false, effectively identifying 7 potential falls. The bedside fall incidence during hospitalization was 1.2% (n=8) in the traditional patient care system ward and 0.1% (n=1) in the smart ward. We found that the likelihood of bedside falls in wards with the IoT system was reduced by 88% (odds ratio 0.12, 95% CI 0.01-0.97; P=.047).

CONCLUSIONS

The integrated IoT smart patient care system might prevent falls by assisting health care staff with efficient and resilient responses to bed-exit detection. Future product development and research are recommended to introduce IoT into patient care systems combining bed-exit alerts to prevent inpatient falls and address challenges in patient safety.