bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study on continuous dependence of layered composite materials in binary mixtures on basic data
Authors: Li Yuanfei
Published: October 2024

This paper investigates the continuous dependence of solutions to layered composite materials in binary mixtures on perturbation parameters defined in a semi-infinite cylinder. Due to the fact that the base of the cylinder is easily disturbed by compression, this causes disturbances to the data at the entrance. By introducing auxiliary functions related to the solution of the equations, this article analyzes the impact of these disturbances on the solutions of the binary heat conduction equations and obtains the continuous dependence of the solutions on the base.
Les skieurs de randonnée : homogénéité socioculturelle et diversité des pratiques. Enquête dans les refuges des Pyrénées
Authors: Hoibian Olivier
Published: October 2024

Le ski de randonnée a connu une progression du nombre de ses pratiquants ces dernières années. Cette diffusion ne s’est pourtant pas accompagnée d’une véritable démocratisation avec une présence significative des représentants des milieux modestes. Une étude ciblée sur les adeptes de cette discipline, réalisée dans les refuges des Pyrénées durant l’hiver 2019, apporte un éclairage inédit sur les logiques sociales à l’œuvre dans cet univers culturel. Si l’ensemble des catégories sociales est effectivement représenté, des écarts importants apparaissent au détriment des classes populaires. Malgré ces disparités, ce groupe présente une forte homogénéité dans ses représentations et ses comportements autour d’une culture montagnarde largement partagée. Au-delà de ces facteurs d’unité, une différenciation selon cinq profils de pratiquants traduit de manière subtile des usages de la montagne et des rapports au corps socialement différenciés.
La Segunda Muralla-Puente Lurín de Pachacamac durante los inicios de la conquista inca: interpretación de nuevos datos
Authors: Ramos Giraldo Jesús A. , Paredes Botoni† Ponciano
Published: October 2024

Durante la tercera y cuarta época del Horizonte Medio, el santuario de Pachacamac comienza a tener prestigio regional que luego se incrementa en el período Intermedio Tardío y el Horizonte Tardío. En el sector «Las Palmas», al este del núcleo principal, se construyen caminos y murallas que se insertan en la Segunda Muralla, lo que representa un importante crecimiento, principalmente en el período Intermedio Tardío. En este artículo abordamos la relación entre cerámica y la secuencia estratigráfica con datos de cuatro excavaciones, demostrando que esta muralla se utilizó en el Ychma Tardío A con remodelaciones en el Horizonte Tardío B a la llegada de los incas, lo cual no desplazó el estilo local pues perduró durante los primeros años de dicha dominación.
Exploring the Effects of AI-Powered Personalized Classroom Management Strategies
Authors: Bhardwaj Sushil , Sharma Indu
Published: October 2024

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have sparked transformative possibilities in education, particularly in the realm of personalized classroom management strategies. This chapter explores the multifaceted effects of AI-powered approaches on educational settings. By leveraging AI algorithms, educators can tailor learning experiences to individual student needs, fostering a more engaging and effective educational environment. The primary objectives of this chapter are (a) to investigate the effectiveness of AI-powered personalized classroom management strategies in promoting positive student behavior, (b) to examine the impact of personalized interventions on student engagement and academic achievement, (c) To explore teachers' perceptions of AI-driven classroom management and their experiences with implementing personalized strategies, and (d) to identify best practices and recommendations for integrating AI-powered personalized classroom management strategies into educational settings.
Navigating AI Biases in Education
Authors: Bhavana S. , Jayashree Kudipudi , Rao Thota Venkat Narayana
Published: October 2024

There is revolutionary potential when artificial intelligence (AI) is used into education. The use of AI in educational systems holds promise for individualized instruction and evaluation. It has, nevertheless, also made clear several serious biases and shortcomings. This chapter critically investigates the biases—such as cultural biases and socioeconomic disparities—that are ingrained in AI algorithms used in education. It looks at how inadequate AI is at meeting a range of student needs, including socioeconomic understanding and complicated emotional states. A framework is put forth to address these problems: data-driven diversity, ethical AI design, transparency and accountability, human-AI collaboration, and ongoing assessment and improvement. By putting these tactics into practice, stakeholders can minimize prejudices and fully utilize AI's promise, creating fair and productive learning environments for all students.
ST Elevation during Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography: Important Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker
Authors: Dey Jaideep , Bhadoriya Shailendra , Mustaqueem Arif , Shrivastava Sameer
Published: October 2024

Pharmacological stress echocardiography is an established modality of cardiac assessment before noncardiac surgery. Electrocardiographic changes during stress echocardiography aid in the risk stratification of patients. ST-segment elevation is an uncommon finding during dobutamine stress echocardiography and is associated with extensive coronary artery disease. We report about a positive dobutamine stress echocardiography testing of an elderly patient, who developed asymptomatic, extensive ST-segment elevation during the procedure. Coronary angiography revealed severe, multivessel coronary artery disease, which was treated with percutaneous coronary intervention.
Olanzapine: Are Extrapyramidal Symptoms as Rare as We Think? – A Case Series
Authors: Bhardwaj Akansha , Zahoor Bushra , Yadav Kirti , Chadha Gunjan
Published: October 2024

Olanzapine, a second-generation antipsychotic has proven to be very efficacious with a low probability of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). Here, we wish to report a series of cases where EPS is occurring as a rare side effect due to olanzapine. Such reporting is important as these rare side effects could be confused with other clinical pictures, thereby affecting the management. Case 1 describes a 29-year-old woman with bipolar affective disorder who developed dystonic upward deviation of eyes after taking olanzapine 5 mg. Symptoms remitted within 30 min of injection of promethazine 25 mg. Case 2 describes a 21-year-old male with schizophrenia on olanzapine 15 mg, who presented with a complaint of gradual onset excessive blinking of eyes (blepharospasm). A provisional diagnosis of olanzapine-associated tardive blepharospasm was made based on clinical history and physical examination. On injection of promethazine 25 mg, there was remission of blepharospasm. After 2 weeks of discontinuation of olanzapine, there was resolution of blepharospasm. Case 3 describes a 52-year-old male with schizophrenia on olanzapine 25 mg and trihexyphenidyl 2 mg who presented with a complaint of gradual onset chewing movements and clenching of his jaw for the past 6 months. A provisional diagnosis of olanzapine-associated tardive dyskinesia was made based on clinical history and physical examination. Tablet olanzapine was tapered down slowly to 15 mg. After 4 weeks, the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) score showed improvement, so olanzapine was cross-tapered with aripiprazole. After 3 months, the movements had significantly reduced. Reporting such rare side effects is necessary as it can help in appropriate identification as well as prevent confusion with other clinical pictures. Through this, it can positively help in the correct line of management besides enhancing our knowledge of how atypical antipsychotics can lead to the development of extrapyramidal symptoms.
Efficacy and safety of growth hormone therapy in children with systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review
Authors: Akbar Lujayn Jamel , Elshaer Rawan Emad , Jaber Samar Asaad , Khader Majd Suleiman , Al-Mayouf Sulaiman Mohammed
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with long-term consequences, including growth failure and short stature. Growth hormone (GH) therapy is a potential treatment for short stature in cSLE.

Objective

The aim of the study was to evaluate the current evidence on the efficacy and safety of GH therapy in cSLE.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted through PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases to identify relevant publications from January 1988 to October 2023. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. Articles focusing on GH therapy in cSLE were included after an initial screening of their titles and abstracts. The articles were extracted and analyzed by two independent reviewers, with a third reviewer addressing any discrepancies that arose to reach an agreement.

Results

Among the 6364 screened citations, only two case reports fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Both were for males with cSLE who had short stature due to the disease and corticosteroids. Both case reports demonstrated improved linear growth; however, GH therapy was discounted because of a lupus flare concurrent with GH use, with one case necessitating treatment escalation to control disease activity.

Conclusion

GH therapy has shown favorable effects on growth in cSLE; however, it may increase the risk of disease flare. Limited evidence precludes a definitive conclusion, highlighting the need for further studies to fill the knowledge gap on the safety and efficacy of GH therapy in cSLE patients.
Knowledge and competence of primary healthcare physicians in the management of diabetes-related chronic kidney disease
Authors: Alzahrani Abdullah M. , Alghamdi Afnan G. , Alghamdi Danah M. , Shakir Murug O. , Jaha Afnan Y.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a primary cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), a significant and growing global health issue. Primary healthcare physicians (PHPs) are crucial in detecting, managing, and preventing CKD, but many lack the necessary knowledge and skills to effectively diagnose and manage the disease. This study assessed the knowledge and competence of PHPs in managing diabetes-related CKD.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional study was conducted among all Primary Healthcare Physicians (PHPs) working at Primary Healthcare Center (PHC) in King Abdulaziz Medical City of the National Guard, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. An online questionnaire was sent to all PHPs and data were collected from January 2024 to February 2024. Data analysis performed utilizing RStudio (version 4.3.1). Categorical variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages, whereas mean and standard deviations were computed for continuous variables. Kruskal–Wallis rank sum test was used to determine differences in confidence scores across various demographic and occupational characteristics. A multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to identify factors related to confidence.

RESULTS:

Of 141 PHPs, 122 filled online questionnaire yielding a response rate of 86.5%. responded. The majority (90.2%) were 18–45 years of age, 68.0% were qualified as family physicians, 38.0% belonged to the specialized poly clinic, and 54.9% had less than 5 years of experience. PHPs showed a varied levels of confidence and knowledge. While 76.2% were confident about the stages of kidney disease and 65.6% acknowledged the importance of the urine albumin-creatinine ratio (uACR) test, 58.1% were uncertain of interpreting uACR results and CKD diagnostic criteria. More than 60.0% were uncertain of the treatment steps postdiagnosis and prediction of CKD prognosis. Age, qualification, specialization in family medicine, and clinic affiliation were significantly related to confidence levels.

CONCLUSION:

The study underscores notable gaps in PHPs' knowledge and confidence concerning CKD screening, diagnosis, and management. Continuous education and targeted interventions are essential for the improvement of PHPs' competence and patient outcomes in the management of CKD.
The wizard of artificial intelligence: Are physicians prepared?
Authors: Radhwi Osman O. , Khafaji Mawyah A.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:

Despite the increasing use of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine, research into the knowledge and attitudes of medical experts toward AI is limited. This study aimed to assess physicians’ attitudes and perceptions of AI applications in healthcare.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia between November 1 and December 20, 2023. Data was collected using a web-based validated self-administered questionnaire; information sought included demographics, familiarity with AI technology, attitudes towards AI applications in medicine, and perceived risks associated with its implementation. Data analysis performed using SPSS. Categorical variables were presented as frequencies and percentages, whereas mean and standard deviations were calculated for continuous variables. Four domains were used as study variables: familiarity, attitude, AI application, and possible risks. The domains were compared to the scored individual question using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

RESULTS:

A total of 128 academic staff participated (response rate 21.3%). About 41% reported being aware of AI as an emerging field and expressed desire to learn about AI. Concerns about the effect of AI on physicians’ employability were not prominent. Instead, most (65.6%) agreed that new positions would be created and that the job market for those who embraced AI would increase. Thirty-two percent reported actively seeking out new technologies in their practice areas, and 24.2% would be willing to adapt AI to practice if its usefulness was published in scientific journals. Most participants (87.5%) agreed that dedicated courses would help them implement AI in their specialty. The most commonly reported problem of AI was its inability to provide opinions in unexpected scenarios. A quarter of participants believed that both AI creators and doctors should be liable for AI-caused medical errors. Physician’s age, gender, or years of experience were not related to their familiarity with or attitudes toward AI.

CONCLUSION:

Doctors are open to learning about AI use in medicine. Including AI learning objectives or short courses in medical curricula would help physicians develop the necessary skills for an AI-augmented healthcare system.
Prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors for urinary incontinence among women attending Primary Healthcare Centers in Bahrain, 2023
Authors: Abdulhusain Jasim A. , Darraj Marwa J. , Alasbool Mohamed Y. , Alasoomi Eman K. , Altahoo Yusuf A.J. , Tadayyon Bahnaz E. , Alawainati Mahmood A.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common health concern of women that often goes untreated owing to a lack of awareness and social stigma. It is associated with a lower quality of life and negative bio-psycho-social consequences. Therefore, it is crucial to diagnose UI and manage it in its early stages. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors in females attending Primary Healthcare Centers (PHCCs) in Bahrain.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in 8 PHCCs in Bahrain in April 2023. Females aged 18 and above were included. A multistage sampling technique was adopted. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic characteristics, risk factors and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form was used. Univariate and logistic regression analyses were performed.

RESULTS:

A total of 875 adult females were enrolled in the study with an average age of 37.5 (standard deviation = 12.3) years. Of the cohort, 24.8% patients had UI with stress incontinence as the most common type (71%), followed by urgency UI (21.2%). However, only 21.7% women had sought medical attention. Being a widow (Odds ratio [OR] = 2.49, P=0.007), retired (OR = 1.98, P=0.016), having had multiple pregnancies (95% CI: 0.82, 0.98; P = 0.016), having urogenital infection (OR = 2.50, P=0.001), having undergone surgery other than C-section (OR = 1.60, P=0.017), and constipation (OR = 1.62, P=0.038) were associated with increased risk for UI.

CONCLUSION:

This study revealed a relatively high prevalence of UI in females attending PHCCs. Since most patients with incontinence did not seek medical care, primary care physicians should address UI in patients using a well-structured screening tool and provide relevant health education.
Sliding hiatus hernia (intrathoracic sleeve migration) post-laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A case series and review of literature
Authors: Alqattan Maher Ali , Varkey Roshan George , Abualsel Abdulmenem
Published: October 2024

Intrathoracic sleeve migration (ITSM) is a complication that uncommonly occurs post-sleeve gastrectomy, with an incidence rate anecdotally ranging from 5% to 45%. Its treatment has established difficulties by bariatric surgeons worldwide. Sixteen cases were shown in this case series that commonly encountered the symptoms of weight gain, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD), epigastric pain, globus sensation, nausea and vomiting as their initial complaints before their diagnosis. Moreover, these symptoms began a few years after the gastric sleeve. The confirmatory results through gastrografin and computed tomography abdomen were performed where relevant findings of Grade I or II GERD, sliding hiatal hernia and post-sleeve anatomy were appreciated. In literature, the most common modality used to treat ITSM was the conversion to Roux-en-Y bypass. However, other treatment modalities were also utilised for the cases presented due to the different patients’ preferences, including mini-gastric bypass and laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair with/without posterior cruroplasty and buttress plication with the falciform ligament. In addition, anchoring to pre-pancreatic fascia post-gastric sleeve has been shown to prevent such presentations further in the future. Postoperatively, all patients were stable with no complications acutely or after 3 months follow-up. Hence, this concludes that despite Roux-en-Y being considered the golden standard treatment of ITSM, laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair with cruroplasty and plication reflects an equivalent, cost-effective and valuable alternative to treating relevant patients.
Therapeutic effects of single-port thoracoscopic anatomical segmentectomy on early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Weijie , Zhu Danyang
Published: October 2024

Background:

We aimed to assess the therapeutic effects of single-port thoracoscopic anatomical segmentectomy on early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Patients and Methods:

Sixty patients with early-stage NSCLC admitted from December 2022 to July 2023 were selected and divided into a lobectomy group (n = 30) and a segmentectomy group (n = 30) according to the different procedures. Their perioperative indicators, pre-operative and post-operative pulmonary function indicators, pain degree 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 7 day after operation, the incidence of post-operative complications and recurrence, survival and mortality rates 1 year after operation were compared.

Results:

The segmentectomy group had significantly smaller intraoperative blood loss, shorter length of drainage and length of hospital stay and longer operation time than those of the lobectomy group (P < 0.05). The pulmonary function decreased significantly in both groups 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after operation. Compared with the lobectomy group, the forced expiratory volume in 1 s per cent, forced-vital capacity per cent and maximal voluntary ventilation of the segmentectomy group significantly increased at each time point after operation (P < 0.05). The Visual Analogue Scale scores 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 7 days after operation were significantly lower in the segmentectomy group than those in the lobectomy group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidence of post-operative complications and recurrence, survival and mortality rates 1 year after operation between the two groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:

Single-port thoracoscopic anatomical segmentectomy has obvious therapeutic effects on early-stage NSCLC, characterised by smaller surgical trauma, milder post-operative pain and less impact on pulmonary function.
Impact of low-pressure pneumoperitoneum and deep neuromuscular blockade on surgeon satisfaction and patient outcomes in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients: A prospective randomised controlled study
Authors: Koç Alparslan , Memiş Ufuk , Onk Didem , Karataş Talha , Gazi Mustafa , Sayar Ali Caner , Arı Muhammet Ali
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

The impact of laparoscopic surgery on homeostatic systems necessitates careful consideration of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) management. This study investigated the effects of low-pressure pneumoperitoneum with deep neuromuscular blockade (NMB) on surgeon satisfaction, haemodynamics and post-operative outcomes in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients.

Patients and Methods:

The study design involves prospective randomised control. Ninety patients were assigned to low (7–10 mmHg, n = 45) or normal (12–16 mmHg, n = 45) IAP groups. Deep NMB, guided by train-of-four monitoring, was administered. This study evaluated surgical rating scale scores, haemodynamics and post-operative outcomes through a literature review. A computer programme (IBM, SPSS) was used for statistical analysis. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyse patients’ IAP levels, additional NMB requirements, surgical rating scale scores and numerical rating scales. Patient demographics and other intraoperative and post-operative variables were analysed with Student’s t-test and the Mann-Whitney U test. Values of P < 0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance.

Results:

No significant demographic differences were observed. The low-pressure group exhibited lower post-operative pain (P < 0.01) and reduced analgesia requirements (P = 0.00). On analysis of the surgeon rating scale, no disparities were evident between the groups. NMB usage correlated with height and weight (P < 0.01). Heart rate showed no intergroup differences. The MAP measured after 15 min was lower in Group L, and the difference was significant (P = 0.023). The SAP measured after 30 min was lower in Group L, and the difference was significant (P = 0.017). Blood gas values and surgical field visibility were unaffected by the IAP. The positive correlations between NMB, height and weight aligned with previous research.

Conclusion:

This study highlights successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy under low IAP, deep NMB and favourable post-operative outcomes. Despite these limitations, the findings contribute to optimising laparoscopic surgical approaches.
Anterior Crowns in Paediatric Dentistry
Authors: Sujith Anagha , Indulekshmi M. , Girija Parvathy
Published: October 2024

Primary dentition exposed to caries mainly affects the primary maxillary anterior teeth and primary molars. Restoring primary maxillary anterior teeth requires material to be retentive, resistant to fracture and should be esthetic. Anterior crowns thus help in phonation and aesthetics. Crowns available for restoration of primary anterior teeth include those that are directly bonded to the tooth and those crowns that are luted onto the tooth such as stainless steel crown and zirconia crowns. Over the years, many types of crowns have been developed and advanced to aid the clinician in rehabilitating deciduous anterior teeth. This review is to discuss various anterior crowns available for restoring anterior primary teeth.
Vertical Maxillary Excess Simplified: A Non-surgical Management with Mini-Implants
Authors: Bhavya V. , Shaloob KM Muhamed , Antony Vincy , Puthiyapurayil Greeshma , Nayaz VP Mohammed
Published: October 2024

Vertical maxillary excess (VME) refers to an excessive growth of the maxilla and related dentoalveolar structures in an inferior direction, which can affect the entire maxilla. This clinical condition can result in a long face, an excessive display of gums when smiling, and occasionally an open bite. In non-growing patients, this may often require a surgical intervention. This article describes the orthodontic treatment of a 20-year-old female patient who presented with proclination of incisors and excess visibility of teeth during smile. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed a convex facial profile, Angle’s Class I malocclusion and VME. A comprehensive orthodontic treatment plan with the help of temporary anchorage devices was executed which resulted in achieving all the treatment objectives. Hence, these simple biomechanics contributed to the effective intrusion of upper teeth correcting the gummy smile which is found to be non-inferior to the surgical counterpart.
The psychological impact of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on parents’ knowledge, attitudes, and children’s anxiety during pediatric dental practice
Authors: Hassaballah Dina E.-b. , Elhendawy Fatma A. , El-Desouky Shaimaa S.
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This study’s goal was to assess the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak on parent’s knowledge, attitude, and children’s anxiety during dental treatment.

Patients and methods

A structured questionnaire was applied to a sample of 400 parents of children aged from 8 to 15 years and from different socioeconomic backgrounds. The children’s dental anxiety level was assessed using the Facial image scale. The accompanied parent’s and dentist’s dental anxiety level was also evaluated using a Likert scale, 1–6.

Results

In total, 71.5% of parents answered that their children could be infected with COVID-19 during dental treatments and that they were concerned about their children receiving such treatment due to the outbreak. When asked about the transmission of COVID-19, 90% of participants believed it was due to aerosol-generating procedures during dental treatment.

Conclusion

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on parental attitudes about dental care and oral health management.
Retention and wear assessment of two different bar materials used in implant-retained mandibular overdenture
Authors: El Shishtawy Hesham M. , El-Shorbagy Zeinab A. , Abdelaal Zainab M.
Published: October 2024

Aim

To assess retention and wear of two different bar materials (cobalt chromium and poly ether-ether ketone) used in implant-retained mandibular overdenture subjected to chewing simulation Robota during 1 year of functional simulation.

Patients and methods

This study is a comparative laboratory study which was carried out on 14 models of implant-retained mandibular overdenture, for each model two implants were inserted. The 14 models were divided equally into two equal groups: group A (overdenture constructed over two implant analogs with bar attachment and clip made from cobalt chromium material), and group B (overdenture constructed over two implant analogs with bar attachment and clip made from poly ether-ether ketone material). Drilling of the models was done using milling machine and each model received two implant analogs inserted 11 mm from midline at canine region. The overdentures were constructed in the usual manners and the teeth were set in lingualized occlusion. The mandibular overdentures were subjected to 150 000 chewing cycles using Robota chewing simulator and 1080 insertion-removal cycles. Retention of the samples was measured by the universal testing machine and wear observed under USB digital microscope both of which were done at the beginning of the study and after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months.

Results

The retention force for group A decreased significantly from baseline 43.43 ± 5.25 to 35.56 ± 8.30 after 3 months of cyclic loading, with similar reductions after 6, 9, and 12 months. Group B also showed reductions from baseline 26.75 ± 2.32 to 21.29 ± 6.74 after 3 months, and similar patterns over time. Group A had no statistically significant wear changes after cyclic loading, with a baseline mean of 0.2904 ± 0.0008, changing to 0.2913 ± 0.0008 after 3 months, while group B showed similar nonsignificant changes. There were no statistically significant differences in wear between both groups at any time point.

Conclusion

Retentive forces decrease with increasing cyclic loading. However, both materials displayed acceptable retentive values. Wear values were nonsignificant between two studied groups.
The adjunctive effect of subgingival application of probiotics versus spirulina to nonsurgical treatment of stage II grade B periodontitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Badr Ahmed M. , Shoukheba Malak Y.M. , El-Kholey Sohier E.
Published: October 2024

Aim

The use of natural remedies as local drug delivery has grown recently since they are generally safe and have shown promising outcomes in the management of periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of spirulina gel and probiotics as supplements for scaling and root planing (SRP).

Patients and methods

Thirty individuals with periodontitis (stage II, grade B) were divided into three groups at random: group I (GI) received a subgingival application of probiotic (Lactobacillus reuteri) suspension after SRP. Group II (GII) had SRP, then spirulina gel was applied. Group III (GIII) was used as a control that received SRP and placebo gel using a blunt syringe at baseline, 1, 2, and 4 weeks. Gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level (CAL), and gingival crevicular fluid nitric oxide level were assessed at baseline, 3, and 6 months.

Results

Compared to the baseline value, the three treatments led to a statistically significant decrease in GI, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level gain after 3 and 6 months (P < 0.05). Comparing the groups to each other’s, there were significant differences between them, whereas both GI and GII showed statistically significant differences when compared to GIII (the control group). All treatment modalities resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the gingival crevicular fluid level of NO, but group II showed the best effect on the inhibition of the nitric oxide level.

Conclusion

Local application of probiotics and spirulina is safe and effective as adjunctive treatment to SRP in the treatment of stage II, grade B periodontitis.
Comparative evaluation of shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded with two self-etching adhesive systems: an in vitro study
Authors: Eissa Osama , Morad Mohamed S.
Published: October 2024

Objective

To evaluate and compare the shear bond strength (SBS of the new Optibond eXTRa Universal and Adper Prompt L-Pop self-etch adhesive systems using an in vitro experimental design.

Patients and methods

The sample included 40 freshly extracted human maxillary first premolars collected from orthodontic patients, adhering to ethical guidelines. The teeth were randomly assigned to two groups, one treated with Optibond eXTRa Universal self-etch adhesive and the other with Adper Prompt L-Pop. Stainless-steel brackets were then bonded to the teeth using BracePaste orthodontic adhesive composite resin. After storage and thermocycling, SBS was measured using a universal testing machine, and adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were assessed under a digital microscope. Statistical analyses were performed, including the Shapiro–Wilk method, Student’s t-test for SBS, and χ
2 test for ARI scores.

Results

The mean SBS showed no significant difference between both groups (P = 0.076). However, the distribution of ARI scores exhibited a highly significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

While both adhesives exhibited similar bond strengths, variations in adhesive residue patterns highlight the importance of considering adhesive performance in orthodontic applications such as ease of cleanup and potential impact on enamel health.
Fracture strength of poly ether ether ketone abutment over short implant after fatigue
Authors: Elsayed Mohamed A.E. , El-dessouky Radwa A. , Shakal Mahmoud A.-A.
Published: October 2024

Background

Poly ether ether ketone (PEEK) crowns and abutments can be used to fabricate esthetic and stable implant supported single tooth abutment and short implants can be used to avoid problems and contraindication of standard implants. The aim of this work was to evaluate fracture strength of PEEK abutment over short implant after fatigue.

Methods

This experimental laboratory study was carried out on 40 implants. Implants were categorized into two equal groups: group I: short implants which subdivided into two equal groups (group IA: PEEK abutments and group IB: Titanium abutments), and group II: standard implants which subdivided into two equal groups (group IIA: PEEK abutments and group IIB: Titanium abutments). Zirconia crowns were fabricated and cemented to abutments with resin cement and artificially aged through dynamic loading by chewing simulator to stimulate 3 months clinically.

Results

All test specimens survived the artificial aging process using simulated oral conditions. Group (GIIA) show the highest fracture resistance with the mean value (1526.81 ± 2.91) followed by group (GIA) (1265.32 ± 1.06) then group (GIIB) (1095.44 ± 0.84) and finally group (GIB) (1086.99 ± 1.52), there was highly significance difference between short and standard implants. The effect of abutment material there was also highly significant difference between PEEK and titanium Abutments, group (GIIA) under electron microscope showed unfavorable fracture while all other groups showed favorable fracture only.

Conclusions

The highest fracture strength was found in zirconia crowns cemented to PEEK abutment over standard implant, The lowest fracture strength was found in zirconia crowns cemented to titanium abutment over short implant and Standard implants have favorable stress distribution than short implants under loading.
Transalveolar sinus lifting using autogenous chin graft containing implant in atrophic posterior maxillary alveolar ridge
Authors: Gamil Khaled H. , Saad Khaled A. , Bedar Rafic R. , Elshrief Ahmed M.
Published: October 2024

Background

Posterior maxillary implant rehabilitation is a critical procedure because of the diminished bone quality and quantity, especially in severe atrophic posterior maxilla which affect the stability of the implant and raises the demand of the sinus floor elevation, bone augmentation and ensuring implant stability in order for the implant to succeed. Transalveolar sinus lifting is a valuable technique in reaching and augmenting the floor of the sinus without penetrating the sinus membrane or causing sinusitis and to avoid numerous surgical interventions.

Patients and methods

This is a prospective, interventional clinical study that was carried out on 10 adult patients who had missed posterior maxillary teeth and wanted to restore it, with less than 5 mm residual bone height and greater than 7 mm bone width which treated with transalveolar sinus lifting using corticocancellous bone block containing the implant from the chin bone. All patients are followed-up clinically and radiographically by cone beam computed tomography.

Results

Our technique was performed successfully in all cases without any signs of infection or sinusitis and all implants inserted were clinically stable after 6 months with radiographic significant increase in the bone height and density around the implants.

Conclusion

Transalveolar sinus lifting using press-fitted corticocancellous bone block containing implant from chin bone was found to be highly effective technique for posterior maxillary rehabilitation in severe atrophic posterior maxilla.
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Moldings Premium Grade, As Sintered
Authors:   AMS P Polymeric Materials Committee
Published: October 2024

This specification covers two types of virgin, unfilled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in the form of molded rods, tubes, and shapes. This specification does not apply to product over 12 inches (305 mm) in length, rods under 0.750 inch (19.05 mm) in diameter, and tubes having wall thickness under 0.500 inch (12.70 mm).
Use of tsunami observations for resolving coseismic slip of recent and historic large submarine earthquakes
Authors: Lay Thorne , Romano Fabrizio , Lorito Stefano
Published: October 2024

Tsunamis generated by seafloor displacements accompanying large submarine earthquakes provide sensitivity to absolute slip position and distribution for offshore faulting analogous to that of geodetic observations for landward faulting. Tsunami recordings at deep‐water and near‐shore ocean bottom pressure sensors and tide gauges, along with runup and inundation measurements, can now be reliably modeled using detailed bathymetric structures and robust numerical codes. As a result, tsunami observations now play an important role in quantifying coseismic slip distributions for large submarine earthquakes in subduction zones and other tectonic environments. Applications of joint modeling or inversion of seismic, geodetic and tsunami observations for recent major earthquakes are described, highlighting the specific contributions of the tsunami observations to source model resolution. Tsunami observations provide unique information on the up‐dip extent of earthquake coseismic slip on subduction zone megathrust faults and occurrence of near‐trench slip, which are usually not well constrained by seismic and land‐based geodetic signals. Tsunami signals also help to detect offshore slow slip that is not evident in seismic or land‐based geodetic data and to balance geophysical constraints on ruptures that extend from on‐shore to off‐shore. Tsunami runup measurements and stratigraphic deposits further provide unique constraints on large earthquake ruptures that occurred prior to modern geophysical instrumentation.
Duolingo e o aprendizado de vocabulário em língua espanhola
Authors: Firmino Mariana Bragança
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo, originado de uma dissertação de mestrado, analisa criticamente as atividades de vocabulário em língua espanhola presentes no aplicativo Duolingo. Apesar da grande popularidade e alcance da ferramenta, ainda há insuficiência de estudos que examinem sua efetividade no ensino de vocabulário. Diante disso, a pesquisa baseia-se na análise de uma amostra de atividades de vocabulário disponíveis no aplicativo para o aprendizado de língua espanhola, considerando o papel das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC) na educação, a partir de autores como Leffa (2000; 2006; 2016; 2017), Kenski (2003; 2012; 2018), Paiva (2005, 2017) entre outros, e no ensino e na aprendizagem de vocabulário em línguas estrangeiras, com base teórica em Abadía (2000), Conceição (2014), Serrano (2017), Biderman (1996; 1998; 2001), Pérez (2006) etc. Como resultado, observou-se que as propostas de ensino de vocabulário oferecidas no aplicativo servem, no geral, como um complemento à aprendizagem, sendo necessário o uso de outros recursos para o desenvolvimento das diferentes habilidades na língua espanhola. Diante de tal observação, destaca-se a importância do professor acompanhando os processos de ensino e de aprendizagem de línguas, proporcionando o esclarecimento de dúvidas quando essas surgem, bem como o desenvolvimento das diferentes competências de maneira equivalente.
De Valparaíso a Buenos Aires. Recabarren y la disputa por la politización obrera (1916-1918)
Authors: Urtubia Odekerken Ximena
Published: October 2024

El artículo aborda la segunda estancia que, entre 1916 y 1918, Luis Emilio Recabarren realizó en la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Desde una perspectiva transnacional, analiza sus planteos sobre el sindicalismo socialista y, en particular, el rol que en el desarrollo de esas ideas tuvo la Argentina como espacio referencial.
A 50 años de la Revolución de los Claveles: de África a Lisboa, rasgos de una revolución ultramoderna
Authors: Varela Raquel , Della Santa Roberto
Published: October 2024

La historia de la Revolución de Abril no deja de ser la apabullante y multitudinaria experiencia vivida por las masas en Portugal, cuando patearon el tablero de la política, de la economía y de la cultura como un todo. Se trata de la más crucial revolución europea de la segunda posguerra. En el bienio 1974-1975, el país, inmovilizado por la dictadura fascista por más de 40 años, se convirtió en un lugar tan efervescente como imaginativo, donde millones participaron, activa y conscientemente, en la poiésis social de un nuevo modo de vida, extensamente igualitario y profundamente libre. La “contrarrevolución democrática” que siguió intenta borrar de la escena que los anhelos de los de abajo pueden ser más que espectros políticos, y que la historia no la hacen los Estados o los gobiernos, sino las clases y sus movimientos.
Понятиеи сущность пра­вомерного злоупотребления субъективным правом
Authors: Софронова С.А. , Вологина А.С.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются общетеоретические и нормативные подходы к понятию «правомерное злоупотребление правом», определяются возможные причины и условия существования данного явления, обосновы­вается объективный характер правомерного злоупотребления правом, ис­следуются его морально-нравственные аспекты. Определяются возможные негативные последствия на примере изучения практики злоупотребления правом на обращение со стороны осужденных, анализируются возможные средства минимизации его негативных последствий в деятельности государ­ства и общества, в том числе посредством обеспечения эффективного функ­ционирования механизма разрешения споров о праве, а также повышения качества действующего законодательства. Обосновывается значение пра­вового воспитания и правового просвещения для формирования должного уровня правовой культуры.

The article considers general theoretical and normative approaches to the concept "legitimate abuse of law", identifies possible causes and conditions for the existence of this phenomenon, substantiates the objective nature of legitimate abuse of law, and studies its moral aspects. The author studies examples of convicts' abuse of the right to appeal, determines possible negative consequences, and analyzes means of their minimization in activities of the state and society, including by ensuring effective functioning of the mechanism for resolving disputes about law, as well as improving the quality of current legislation. The importance of legal education and legal awareness for the formation of a proper level of legal culture is substantiated.
Терминологический анализ понятия права на благоприятную окружающую среду: некоторые предложения по изменениям в экологическом законодательстве
Authors: Ушаков В.Н.
Published: October 2024

Четкое понимание содержания того или иного правового ме­ханизма позволяет обеспечить высокую эффективность реализации заклю­ченных в нем правовых возможностей. Неоднозначное, двоякое толкование нормы права влечет за собой неполноценность или же вовсе отсутствие не­обходимого уровня ее реализации. В статье анализируется терминологиче­ское содержание права на благоприятную окружающую среду. Рассмотрены ключевые составляющие данного права. Определены некоторые особенно­сти, сходства и различия терминов «окружающая среда», «природная сре­да», «благоприятная окружающая среда», а также иных терминов, связанных с исследуемой тематикой. Отмечена целесообразность законотворческих инициатив по развитию терминологии благоприятной окружающей среды. Представляется возможным расширение круга толкования термина благо­приятности, что в дальнейшем позволит повысить степень эффективности реализации исследуемого права.

A clear understanding of the content of a particular legal mechanism makes it possible to ensure high efficiency in the implementation of the legal possibilities contained therein. An ambiguous, twofold interpretation of a rule of law entails inferiority or even absence of the necessary level of its implementation. The article analyzes the terminological content of the right to a favorable environment. Key components of this right are considered. The author identifies some its features, as well as similarities and differences of terms "environment, "natural environment", "favorable environment", as well as other terms related to the subject under study. The expediency of legislative initiatives to develop the terminology of a favorable environment is noted. It seems possible to widen interpretation of the term of favorability, which in the future will enhance effectiveness of the implementation of the studied right.
Транснациональная организованная экологическая преступность: постановка проблемы
Authors: Михайлов Д.О.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматривается проблема формирования нового - экологического - направления в деятельности организованных преступных группировок национального и транснационального уровня. Отмечается, что в современных условиях повышенного внимания к экологической повестке в мире организованная преступность, действуя по экономической модели ди­версификации преступных практик, начинает использовать сферу экологии и обращения полезных ископаемых в качестве источника финансирования преступной деятельности. Сформулированы положения по совершенствова­нию системы противодействия нарождающейся угрозе как на мировом, так и региональном уровнях.

The article considers a problem of the formation of a new - ecological - direction in the activities of organized criminal groups at national and transnational levels. It is noted that in modern conditions of increased attention to the environmental agenda in the world, organized crime, following the economic pattern of diversifying criminal practices, begins to use the sphere of ecology and mineral circulation as a source of financing criminal activities. Provisions on improving the system of countering the emerging threat at global and regional levels are formulated.
Методика оценки деятельности ис­правительных центров: проблемы и пути совершенствования
Authors: Мокрецов Ю.В.
Published: October 2024

В статье анализируется проблема оценки деятельности испра­вительных центров, представлена методика рейтинговой оценки их деятель­ности для более эффективного исполнения функций уголовно-исполнитель­ной системы. Предлагается методика сравнительной оценки эффективности деятельности ИЦ (УФИЦ) за счет разработки критериев и их детализация для расчета суммарных показателей.

The article analyzes a problem of assessing activities of correctional centers and proposes a methodology for rating their activities for more effective performance of the functions of the penal system. A methodology is proposed for comparative evaluation of the performance of correctional centers by developing criteria and detailing them to calculate total indicators.