bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis and modernization of gas production systems from compressor station equipment
Authors: Galyaviev Elnar
Published: January 2025

Mitigating methane emissions into the atmosphere to reduce adverse effects on the environment and climate is a primary goal of the environmental strategies employed by PJSC Gazprom and the Russian Federation as a whole. Experts warn that the planet is confronting a critical situation due to greenhouse gas emissions. This study examines the most effective technologies currently available for recovering gas from compressor station equipment. Based on an assessment of their strengths and weaknesses, a new system known as the Mobile Ejector Unit (MEU) has been proposed. The MEU utilizes a two-stage jet ejector, with its key characteristics derived from calculations based on G.N. Abramovich's methodology. Additionally, the study presents modification schemes for the valve unit to facilitate the MEU's connection, as well as gas recovery schemes from the centrifugal booster circuit and the compressor workshop circuit. An analysis of evacuation times based on different recovery schemes was conducted, along with an economic assessment of the MEU's implementation efficiency. The findings indicate that this technology is both effective and adaptable, owing to its operational simplicity, cost efficiency, and mobility.
Rigid body dynamics from the Euler equations to the spacecraft attitude control in the works of scientists from Saint Petersburg State University. Part 4
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Tikhonov Аlexey А.
Published: January 2025

This article is a continuation of the survey dedicated to the 300th anniversary of Saint Petersburg State University and is an attempt to analyze the scientific achievements of the St.Petersburg School of Mechanics in the field of rigid body dynamics. This, the fourth part of the review, is devoted to studies of the dynamics of the uncontrolled motion of a charged rigid body in the gravitational and magnetic fields of the Earth.
On the problem of constructing a manipulator control during motion cueing of an aircraft flight
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belousova Margarita D. , Kudryashov Ilya A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lemak Stepan S. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: January 2025

For high-quality pilot training, there is a need to use simulators that allow to carry out training in conditions that are closest to real ones. The simulator is supposed to be based on a six-joint robot manipulator with sequentially connected links and operator's cabin on its end. The stand mathematical support includes motion cueing algorithms, consisting of two phases: the motion simulation phase and the phase of return from the working area boundary to its center. During the motion imitation phase, the manipulator's end effector must move in such a way that the accelerations acting on the operator's sensitive masses coincide in direction and magnitude, if it is possible, with those that would act on him during a real flight. Moreover, motion cueing algorithms may differ for particular maneuvers, because in order to construct high-quality motion cueing algorithms, it is often necessary to take into account the performed movement peculiarities. During the returning phase, the values of velocities and accelerations acting on the operator should not exceed threshold values to not disrupt the presence effect. To build motion cueing algorithms, it is also necessary to determine the manipulator working area. This paper presents some results of work on the motion cueing algorithms construction: a description of the manipulator working area, a solution to the problem of returning the manipulator end effector to the working area center in the presence of restrictions on the developed acceleration magnitude.
The set of all equilibrium states of a two-phase thermoelastic medium. Part 1: existence of equilibrium states of a two-phase thermoelastic medium
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Efimov Egor A. ,   Institute of Problems in Mechanical Engineering of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2025

This article is the first part of the work devoted to the study of the set of all equilibrium states of a two-phase thermoelastic medium. The equilibrium state of a two-phase elastic medium is understood as an ordered pair: a displacement field and a spatial phase distribution which provide the free energy functional with a global minimum. For thermoelastic media, the free energy densities are obtained by adding to the strain energy densities the terms associated with the temperature stresses of each phase and the terms associated with the energies of each phase in the unstressed state at zero strestemperature tensors. Under zero Dirichlet boundary conditions on the displacement field and certain restrictions on the elasticity tensors, the strain tensors providing each phase with the unstressed state at the initial temperature and the stress-temperature tensors, the solvability of the problem of the equilibrium of a two-phase thermoelastic medium is proved and the description of the set of all equilibrium states of a two-phase thermoelastic medium is given.
Reaction forces and friction forces in the dynamics of systems with geometric singularities
Authors:   State Research Institute of Applied Problems, Burian Sergey N.
Published: January 2025

The properties of the holonomic mechanical systems motion with parameters are discussed. For some (critical) parameter values, the configuration space of a mechanical system is a manifold with singularities. For other parameter values, the configuration space is a smooth manifold. It is assumed that the sliding friction force according to the Amonton-Coulomb model can act upon one of the material points of the mechanical system. When the parameters of a mechanical system differ from critical values, then the classical Lagrange equations could be applied to describe its dynamics. The point of interest is the motion on smooth manifolds near points which transform into singular points as the parameters of the mechanical system tend to critical values. The behavior of reaction forces and Lagrange multipliers for such “pre-singular” points is considered. Two types of configuration spaces with singularities are studied: the union of two intersecting curves in the plane and the union of two tangent curves in the plane. For the first time, various variants of the Lagrange multipliers behavior are shown using the example of a given type of perturbation of configuration spaces with singularities. In general, it is proven that for a singularity of the intersection type, the Lagrange multipliers become unlimited near the singular point (on a manifold with singularities), regardless of the influence of the friction force. For a tangency singularity type, there are different variants with taking into account the friction force. For one type of perturbation of the configuration space, the resulting Lagrange multipliers are limited. For other type of perturbation of the configuration space, the resulting Lagrange multipliers are unlimited. The general property of friction force for the considered mechanical systems is derived. If the friction force is taken into account, then there are two solutions for reaction forces when moving near a singular point in one direction, but there are no solutions when moving in the other direction.
Prediction of state-to-state dissociation rate coefficients using machine learning algorithms
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Maksudova Zarina M. , Savelev Aleksei S. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Kustova Elena V. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: January 2025

We study the possibility of using machine learning algorithms to optimize the prediction of state-to-state (STS) dissociation rate coefficients in modeling nonequilibrium air flows. A rigorous but computationally complex theoretical model of reaction rate coefficients, which takes into account electronic and vibrational excitation of all reaction participants (products and reagents), is taken as a basis. Several algorithms have been considered for predicting the STS dissociation rate coefficients of air components: k-Nearest Neighbours (k-NN) and Decision Tree (DT) regression, as well as neural networks; their accuracy and efficiency have been analyzed. It is shown that the use of regression (k-NN and DT) is inappropriate for our problem; neural network algorithms have clear advantages over classical regression algorithms in terms of time and scalability. Validation of the neural network approach is carried out in simulations of vibrational-chemical relaxation behind a shock wave. Satisfactory agreement with experiment and almost complete coincidence of the results with the solution obtained by theoretical methods without the use of machine learning are shown. The approach to data representation and processing proposed in the paper is easily scalable to more complex models accounting for the excitation of internal degrees of freedom. Thus, when accounting for the electronic excitation of a molecule, speedup of about 1-2 orders is achieved without significant loss of accuracy. As the result, this study has demonstrated that the use of neural network methods makes it possible to predict state-specific reaction rate coefficients with a high degree of accuracy without performing direct calculations using resource-intensive theoretical formulas directly in the working code. This approach scales as the complexity of the formulation increases (as shown in the case of accounting for the electron-vibrational excitation of the reagents), which allows us to reduce the time required to perform the calculations. At the same time, such a result is achieved through serious preliminary work and requires the development of large arrays of preliminary data. If we automate this process using neural networks, we can obtain a computationally efficient tool for systematic predictions of state-to-state reaction rate coefficients.
The memorization of literature in the form of literary museums: Experience of publishing the encyclopedia “Literary Museums of Russia”
Authors:   Vladimir Dal State Museum of the History of Russian Literature, Vorontsova Evgeniya A.
Published: January 2025

The article introduces readers to the results of the project completed in 2024 by the
Vladimir I. Dahl State Museum of the History of Russian Literature and the Association of Literary
Museums to create an encyclopedia dedicated to a specific profile group. Its main stages,
forms of interaction with the museum and scientific communities, and conceptual foundations
are considered. The high quality of work at all stages of publication preparation (starting
with the compilation of the concept and dictionary of the encyclopaedia), the effectiveness
of the working group’s interaction with the authors, field coordinators, and consultants were
noted. It is stated that due to this, the encyclopedia records the general totality of Russian literary
museums, museum-type institutions, proto-museum forms — both existing and no longer
existing. As part of the encyclopaedia: articles about specific monographic (dedicated to certain
writers) museums — and groups of such museums; about specific museums of the history of literature — and analytical articles; articles about subgroups of museums where literary
and other components are combined; articles about types, groups of museums distinguished
by various characteristics. Literary museums are shown not only in their being in the outside
world, but also from within (what they store, how the stored is organized and fixed, how they
work with it). Since full-fledged museum activity is impossible without relying on the science
of the museum, the fundamental article “Museology”, articles on its basic concepts and disciplines
of its circle are given. Blocks of articles on the subjects of the Russian Federation and
biographical articles are significant. The research gaps identified during the preparation of the
publication are indicated. It is noted that significant progress has been made in the study of the
process of memorization of literature in the form of literary museums.
Lermontov Istra: The emergence of literary traditions and the formation of places of literary memory on the Istra land
Authors:   Istra Secondary School no. 3, Aniskina Olga V.
Published: January 2025

The article considers the origin and development of literary traditions in Istra district. Istra Town is the administrative center of the district. Until 1930 the Town was called Voskresensk. The article gives an overview of literary sources, allowing to get acquainted with the creativity of both famous and little-known authors of these places. The article presents works of authors who visited for a short time or lived for some time in Voskresensk (Istra), inspired by the beauty of “Moscow Region Switzerland”, labor and military feats of Istra local residents. Then article represents the history of formation of literary memory places, its consolidation in the socio-cultural environment in the form of school and private literary museums. For example, the history of creation and more than half-century activity of the literary museum “Parus” of the Istra Secondary School no. 3, is presented. This museum is dedicated to the great Russian poet M. Yu. Lermontov. The museum exposition is considered unique thanks to the research of the Honorary Citizen of Istra, artist, researcher and Lermontov expert L. N. Shatalova. Her research became the basis for the formation of the local history project “Lermontov path to Voskresensk”, created by O. V. Aniskina. The question of the influence of the invitation of the Parus Museum to participate in the project of the State Museum of the History of Russian Literature named after V. I. Dal to create an encyclopedia “Literary Museums of Russia” on the further development of the museum’s development strategy is also covered.
Moscow Public and Rumyantsev Museum: On the way to the museum of Russian literature
Authors:   The Russian State Library, Solomina Olga L.
Published: January 2025

The article traces the process of formation and use of the archive of Russian literature in the first publicly accessible Moscow museum — the Moscow Public and Rumyantsev Museum, the formation of this archive began with collecting of documents of ancient Russian and Slavic writing and autographs of Russian writers. It is emphasized that the active collecting activities of the Museum’s employees — directors V. A. Dashkova and M. A. Venevitinov, curators of the department of manuscripts and Slavic early printed books A. E. Viktorova and G. P. Georgievsky — attracted public attention. Thanks to her, in 1880, the archives of A. S. Pushkin entered the fonds of the Museum, over the next decades the archives of A. N. Ostrovsky, N. V. Gogol, L. N. Tolstoy, A. P. Chekhov and other writers were transferred. In the department Manuscripts and early printed books were regularly displayed in showcases, and literary documents that became part of the Museum’s holdings were regularly displayed. Exhibitions of new acquisitions preceded the appearance of the thematic historical and literary “Room of People of the 40s”, which operated as part of the Museum’s library. The issue of literary rooms, which functioned as both a writer’s archive and a museum exhibition, is considered. It is emphasized that the principle of creating literary rooms was based on the collection placement of private library collections, was adopted at the opening of the MP and RM and was in effect until its reorganization in 1921. The participation of the Museum in literary exhibitions of other institutions and the organization of anniversary exhibitions in it is shown — A. S. Pushkin, N. V. Gogol, A. I. Herzen. The chronological scope of the article is limited to 1862–1921/1922, the time before the dissolution of the Museum and the creation on its basis of the Rumyantsev Public Library, which included a department of manuscripts and a department of literary rooms.
Remembering the past, looking forward to the future: To the 100th anniversary of the Voronezh Regional Literary Museum named after I. S. Nikitin
Authors:   Voronezh Regional Literary Museum named after I. S. Nikitin, Derkacheva Svetlana A. , Dyakova Tamara A. ,   Voronezh Regional Literary Museum named after I. S. Nikitin
Published: January 2025

The centenary of the Voronezh Regional Literary Museum named after I. S. Nikitin and the publication of a unique reference publication, the encyclopedia “Literary Museums of Russia” (the jubilee museum took an active part in this project of the State Museum of the History of Russian Literature named after V. I. Dahl) prompted the authors to reflect on the key problems of museum business through the prism of the history of their museum. The article describes how the tasks and structure of the institution have changed over the course of the century, how the search for optimal options for combining the memorization of the museum space with research, exposition and other areas of activity went on. It is noted that the general logic of the development of literary museums in relation to our museum requires adjustment: the Voronezh example demonstrates the desire to build a museum of literary history based on the name of a particular writer without special reliance on memoriality. The most difficult task is to create a holistic concept of the history of regional literature. For the city, an exposition based on the basic ideas of such a concept is important from the point of view of visually fixing the striking features of the literary past of the territory, its main representatives, and identifying a kind of cultural code of the place. It is no less significant for understanding the all-Russian processes of formation of national literature, which throughout their history have been fueled by the creative achievements of the Russian provinces. The importance of discussing the problems posed in the encyclopedia “Literary Museums of Russia” and continuing the project, including in terms of supplementing information about the personalities who determined the course of development of Russian literary museums, is emphasized.
History of museum-palace as mirrored in the encyclopedia’s articles: Сonservation, restoration and adaptation of Gatchina park in 1944–1951
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Veselov Fedor N. , Dorofeeva Varvara M. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: January 2025

The fate of the palace-museum in Gatchina and the beautiful park surrounding it, which is one of the first examples of the use of the scenic genre in landscape architecture in Russia, was quite dramatic in the 20th century. The Inter-war era of struggle with the remnants of the past ended with the tragedy of World War II, during which both the palace and the park received catastrophic damage. In the paper the authors turn to the short period of 1944–1951, during which, nevertheless, several trends emerged in relation to cultural monuments: from conservation to adaptation to current social needs. At the same time, conservation and restoration measures were carried out on the basis of complex, painstaking academic research, which involved careful recording of the preserved object, the development of projects for its conservation and careful intervention in the natural architectural ensemble that had developed over centuries. The above could not but affect the utilitarian use of the park, located in the center of a large city: despite the obvious desire to make it a “garden of culture and recreation” one cannot fail to note the careful attitude towards the preserved landscape. Despite the fact that the subsequent history of the park was not easy, in the end, this attitude won out by the end of the century, when the park was included in the Gatchina Museum. The basis for the paper was the materials of the Academic Archive of the Gatchina Museum. In turn, the information accumulated during the work was used in the preparation of general articles on the history of
conservation, restoration, reconstruction and restoration centers for the project of the State Museum of the History of Russian Literature named after V. I. Dal and the Association of Literary Museums of Russia — the encyclopedia “Literary Museums of Russia”.
Encyclopedia “Literary Museums of Russia” as a phenomenon of Russian culture: Names, experience, ideas
Authors:   Kirov Regional Scientific Library named after A. I. Herzen, Sudovikov Mikhail S. ,   Vyatka State University
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to a large-scale research work in the field of literary museology, which has no analogues in Russian historiography, carried out according to the idea and concept of the project coordinator E. A. Vorontsova and implemented by the V. I. Dahl State Museum of the History of Russian Literature in collaboration with the Association of Literary Museums with the support of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the article is an analytical review of some subjects of the encyclopedia related to the formation of literary museums, mainly in the regions of the country, as well as the search for their interrelationships, common and special features in development. Using the example of the biography and creative heritage of A. S. Green, the author shows the possibilities of reading the museum history associated with the name of this writer, recorded in the encyclopedia. The active work of museums leads to the creation of communities, such as the Aksakov Community, which includes libraries, other cultural institutions, and educational institutions aimed at collecting, storing, researching and popularizing materials of the life and work of writers. The author concludes that the encyclopedia profoundly characterizes all the diversity of literary museums in Russia, among which there are museums dedicated to literary works, and library-museums that allow creating “places of memory” of writers. The article states that the chronological and thematic scope, factography with deep analysis, interdisciplinary and systematic approaches in covering the phenomena of museum culture, informative scientific reference apparatus, professionalism of the editorial and author’s teams allow us to talk about the encyclopedia as the most important event in the museum life of Russia, reflecting a high degree of its generalization, and, therefore, and as a phenomenon of Russian culture.
The role of the project “Encyclopedia ‘Literary Museums of Russia’” in strengthening and developing cooperation between Sholokhov museums
Authors:   National Sholokhov Museum-Reserve, Bakhtiyarova Olga I.
Published: January 2025

The article provides information about the cooperation of literary museums created in memorable places associated with the biography and work of Mikhail Sholokhov, the locations of his works, as well as dedicated to the heroes of his books. The cooperation of Sholokhov museums in the preparation of articles for the encyclopedia became more active and effective, which made it possible to not only systematize and update information about the activities of each museum in this group, but also to clarify individual episodes of the biography of Mikhail Sholokhov. In the process of researching such museums, the author obtained data about their history and current state, important events that occurred during the implementation of the project, and a number of problems in museum work. On the initiative of the National Sholokhov Museum-Reserve, their teams took part in the preparation of materials about the activities, achievements, and innovations of each museum in this group; the result was an increase in the level of knowledge and museum culture of employees. Successful interaction gave impetus to the further exchange of scientific and reference information about the life and work of the writer, the development of joint cultural, educational and publishing projects, and expanded the circle of communication. Currently, the Sholokhov museums are actively studying the experience of communities created under the auspices of the Association of Literary Museums of Russia; and institutions whose activities are related to the study and popularization of the work of Mikhail Sholokhov were involved in the discussion of cooperation. The author believes that such a union will allow the activities of museums to be brought to a new qualitative level, and emphasizes that it was the work on the articles in the encyclopedia “Literary Museums of Russia” that laid the preconditions for the integration of the creative Sholokhov community.
The role of the Orthodox Church in the formation of the White emigrant diaspora in the south of France in 1920–1945
Authors:   Saints Cyril and Methodius Institute for Postgraduate Studies, Titov Daniil M.
Published: January 2025

The 1917 Revolution and Russian Civil War brought an end to the “Belle Epoque” of the Russian aristocratic colony in the south of France, turning the Côte d’Azur into a place of exile. The interwar period was a time of difficult trials, social and religious schism, spiritual and cultural renaissance, an era when the Orthodox faith took central importance in the lives and destinies of Russian emigrants. This article examines the role of the church in the life of white emigration in the southern regions of France. The change of eras led to an inevitable transformation of the Russian diaspora and Orthodox parishes abroad. Finding themselves in exile, the emigrants sought to recreate their lost home in conditions alien to themselves, preserve Russian national identity and pass it on to the younger generation; they were in difficult conditions requiring solidarity and mutual assistance. The Orthodox Church, being an integral part of the emigrant diaspora, experienced trials with its flock; the church played a key role not only in the spiritual life of the community, but was a sociocultural center, affecting various spheres of life of a Russian emigrant in the south of France, starting from education, it was at Orthodox parishes that Thursday schools were opened for the children of emigrants, ending with the organization of charitable activities, in other words, the church was the place around which the life of the community was built.
Influência do otimismo, excesso de confiança e da percepção de risco nas decisões de investimento das empresas no contexto da pandemia do COVID-19
Authors:   , Costa Alexandre Henrique Cavalcante da
Published: January 2025

O mundo passa por um grande desafio com a crise global de saúde provocada pela pandemia
do coronavírus (COVID-19) com reflexos em todos os aspectos da vida humana, incluindo
impactos causados na economia de todos os setores da sociedade. Nesse cenário inconstante e
de bastante incerteza, os tomadores de decisão devem agir de forma a responder aos desafios
causados por essa crise. Neste contexto, o objetivo geral deste trabalho é analisar a influência
do otimismo, excesso de confiança e da percepção de risco na decisão de investimento
(desinvestimento) de iniciar, expandir, manter, reduzir ou encerrar o negócio no contexto da
pandemia do COVID-19. Foi desenvolvido um estudo descritivo e explicativo, de abordagem
quantitativa. Foram aplicados questionários físicos com visita direta aos estabelecimentos. O
otimismo e o excesso de confiança foram mensurados, individualmente, pela escala de Paula et
al. (2020) e a percepção de risco pela escala adaptada de Robinson e Marino (2013). Os
resultados confirmaram que o viés do otimismo e o viés do excesso de confiança são altamente
correlacionados e que, de maneira geral, os gestores apresentam esses vieses em qualquer das
situações de investimento identificadas. Com relação a percepção de risco, observou-se maior
variabilidade entre os respondentes, sendo mais evidente entre os empresários que reduziram
os investimentos durante a pandemia. Observou-se o efeito direto entre a percepção de risco
dos empresários pesquisados e a decisão de desinvestir, enquanto os vieses comportamentais
estudados, por estarem presentes sistematicamente nos empresários, apresentaram pouca ou
nenhuma capacidade de discriminação em relação às decisões de investimento. A contribuição
desta dissertação se referiu a descrever e identificar nos gestores os vieses do otimismo e do
excesso de confiança, assim como a percepção de risco, analisando a relação com as decisões
de investimento com intuito de auxiliar a melhor tomada de decisão em períodos incertos como
o vivenciado durante o estudo.
Inovação social e sustentabilidade no ensino público superior
Authors:   , Costa Yascara Pryscilla Dantas
Published: January 2025

A busca por novos caminhos para a conscientização da necessidade de adoção de práticas
mais sustentáveis passou a ser um discurso presente em várias IES na última década, as
universidades federais, necessitaram adequar-se aos parâmetros estabelecidos por lei e criar
seus próprios mecanismos de gestão sustentável, inserindo em seu planejamento ações que
sejam voltadas para esse novo modelo de gestão, e assim, adotar medidas por meio da
inovação social que possam contribuir com a sustentabilidade. Nesse sentido, este trabalho
tem como objetivo analisar as práticas de inovação social e sua associação com a
sustentabilidade em IES públicas do Rio Grande do Norte. Nesse sentido, com o intuito de
responder ao problema de pesquisa, realizou-se uma pesquisa com objetivos exploratório e
descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa. No que concerne aos procedimentos técnicos e meios
de investigação, foi realizado um estudo múltiplo de casos nas IES públicas do Estado do Rio
Grande do Norte, os sujeitos da pesquisa foram compostos por servidores que atuam no cargo
estratégico de gestão sendo um diretor e cinco pró-reitores. Para a coleta de dados do estudo
foram utilizadas múltiplas fontes de evidências como a observação do pesquisador,
entrevistas, pesquisas científicas anteriores e dados secundários coletados ao longo do
processo da pesquisa. Quanto à técnica de análise de dados, foi análise de conteúdo que foram
submetidos à triangulação. Como principais resultados foi possível verificar, a partir das
evidências apresentadas, que o pressuposto do estudo – de que as práticas de inovação social
estão associadas no desenvolvimento das práticas de sustentabilidade nas instituições de
ensino superior públicas do Rio Grande do Norte – foi atendido. É possível destacar que as
instituições de ensino superior públicas do Rio Grande do Norte praticam ações de inovação
social, entretanto, muitas vezes a maioria dessas ações não são de conhecimento dos próprios
atores que a praticam, a exemplo quando busca-se nos PDIs das universidades, todas possuem
indicativos de práticas de inovação social e sustentabilidade, no entanto, na prática não
executam essas ações. Portanto, é importante ressaltar que os aspectos culturais emergem
como uma das principais evidências relacionadas a dimensão da inovação social, carecendo
de uma maior atenção nas IES. Outro fator importante que deve ser mencionado é que a
sustentabilidade por meio de suas principais dimensões – econômica, ambiental e social –
deve perpassar a inovação social de forma transversal, buscando-se o equilíbrio entre estas
três dimensões. Há que se destacar que a dimensão social é a mais presente nas relações no
que concerne à inovação social e a sustentabilidade, isso deve-se ao papel da universidade
frente ao desenvolvimento sustentável.
Therapeutic Effects of Tea Polyphenols on Renal Damage Induced by High Uric Acid
Authors: Liu Lingjuan , Shuai Lanjun , He Siyi , Xiang Wei , He Xiaojie
Published: January 2025

Background:

Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a condition characterized by excessive
uric acid production and/or inadequate uric acid excretion due to abnormal purine
metabolism in the human body. Uric acid deposits resulting from HUA can lead to complications
such as renal damage. Currently, drugs used to treat HUA lack specificity and
often come with specific toxic side effects.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the renal protective effects of an optimized
tea polyphenol formula and allopurinol in a rat model of hyperuricemia following renal
resection. The goal was to explore the mechanisms underlying these effects.

Methods:

Initially, a blend was formulated based on the distinctive functions of catechins,
thearubigins, tea polysaccharides, and theanine. Orthogonal experiments were
then employed to select a rational combination. A 5/6 renal resection rat model was successfully
established, and the animals were fed a 2% oxonic acid diet to induce hyperuricemia.
Urinary protein content was measured using the biuret method, and serum levels
of uric acid, creatinine, and urea nitrogen were determined biochemically. Kidney
pathology was examined through HE staining and renal tubulointerstitial pathological
scoring. The expression of α-SMA, CD34, PCNA, and TGF-β in renal tissue was detected
using immunohistochemistry. Apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells was assessed
using the TUNEL method.

Results:

Hyperuricemia markedly worsens renal damage in rats following nephrectomy,
while tea polyphenols demonstrate the ability to reduce levels of blood uric acid, urea nitrogen,
creatinine, and urinary protein. Additionally, tea polyphenols enhance smooth
muscle proliferation in renal glomerular arterioles, prevent the loss of interstitial capillaries,
alleviate apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells, promote their proliferation,
and reduce interstitial fibrosis. A significant improvement in the severity of renal damage
is observed in rats subjected to nephrectomy combined with hyperuricemia, and this
effect surpasses that of allopurinol.

Conclusion:

Tea polyphenols could effectively alleviate renal damage in rats with
nephrectomy combined with hyperuricemia. They demonstrate high cost-effectiveness
and minimal side effects, positioning them as a promising new therapeutic option for hyperuricemia-
induced renal damage.
CDK2 Allosteric Modulators: The New Route in the Design of New Drugs as Anticancer and Non-hormonal Contraceptives
Authors: Culletta Giulia , Almerico Anna Maria , Tutone Marco
Published: January 2025

CDK2 plays a pivotal role in controlling the cell cycle progression in eukaryotes
and for this reason, it has been the subject of several studies for suitable inhibitors in
the last decades. But more than 30 years of basic research have not generated an inhibitor as
marketed drugs. Some inhibitors are to date in early phase clinical development. Moreover,
most efforts to develop CDK2 inhibitors have been oriented towards orthosteric inhibitors,
which block the kinase activity by binding to the ATP binding site, competing directly
with ATP. These compounds have off-target kinase activity, because of the structural
homology of the active sites of several other kinases. Targeting the CDK2 allosteric
binding pocket could produce successful CDK2 inhibitors. Few examples of high-affinity
allosteric CDK2 inhibitors are known. Despite promising research results, none has been
approved for marketing. In recent years, various methodologies have been reported capable
of identifying new and never-discovered portions of the target protein, which present
adequate druggability characteristics. In this paper, we have highlighted and discussed the
more recent findings on allosteric inhibitors intending to encouraging further exploration
mainly focused on in silico drug discovery.
Therapeutic Role of Scutellarein in Neurological Disorders
Authors: Kumar Rohit , Bai Sucharitha , Shukla Rahul , Naqvi Saba
Published: January 2025

Scutellarein, a flavone found in the perennial herb Scutellaria baicalensis, has a wide range of pharmacological
actions, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective. Increasing evidence has emphasized
the developing significance of scutellarein in several neurological illnesses, such as Alzheimer's and
Parkinson's disease, cerebral ischemia, and neuroblastoma. This review is centered on the molecular processes
that underlie the neuroprotective properties of scutellarein in various neurological disorders, as indicated by recent
pre-clinical research. Furthermore, it critically examines the potential challenges and advantages of scutellarein
inclusion within the range of treatments for neurological disorders.
BACE-1 and ADAM-10 as Potential Peripheral Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Cervellati Carlo , Trentini Alessandro , zuin Marco , Mola Gianmarco , Riccetti Raffaella , Manfrinato Cristina , Sergi Domenico , Multhaup Gerhard , Zuliani Giovanni
Published: January 2025

Amyloid beta (Aβ) dyshomeostasis is considered the main biological aberration in Alzheimer’s Disease
(AD) pathology. The interplay between Aβ formation and clearance is predominantly modulated by a disintegrin
and a metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10, α-secretase) and β-site APP Cleaving Enzyme 1 (BACE1), the
two pivotal enzymes in both non-amyloidogenic/amyloidogenic and amyloidolytic pathways. Emerging evidence
suggests that aberrations in ADAM10 and BACE1 expression, activity, and function in the brain of AD
patients also manifest in peripheral fluids, suggesting their potential as blood-based biomarkers for AD diagnosis.
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the literature by exploring the roles of ADAM10 and
BACE1 in AD, spanning from their involvement as pathological AD drivers to their potential utility as promising
biomarkers.
Recent Advances in the Application of Sulfonic Acid Chitosan as Heterogenous Organocatalyst in Organic Reactions
Authors: de Jesus Iva Souza , de Pontes Juliana Baptista , de Carvalho Alcione Silva , Ferreira Patrícia Garcia , de Souza Acácio Silva , da Silva Fernando de Carvalho , Flosi Paschoalin Vania Margaret , Futuro Debora Omena , Ferreira Vitor Francisco
Published: January 2025

Chitosan is a natural biopolymer derived from chitin present in the exoskeletons of crustaceans. Its
diverse applications span biomedical products, agriculture, and cosmetics. Notably, chitosan has been effectively
utilized for chemical modifications and stabilizing homogeneous catalysts. Among these modifications, doping
with acids or inorganic salts stands out. In some cases, acid chitosan exhibits superior catalytic activity
compared to the unmodified form. This review aimed to elucidate recent advancements in acidic chitosan as a
renewable and recoverable catalyst for various reactions. The discussion encompasses different doping methods
using organic acids and inorganic salts to highlight the development in this field.
Restricted Rotation about the C-N Bond in Thienopyridine Derivatives: NMR and DFT Study
Authors: Lodha Kamlesh , Shinde Vaishali , Shewale Maneesha , Gejji Shridhar
Published: January 2025

N-acyl tetrahydrothienopyridine derivatives serve as important structural motifs in bioorganic chemistry.
Restricted rotation of C-N bond in such molecules gives rise to two distinct chemical environments.
Thienopyridine derivatives 4a-4i were synthesized and characterised by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The
NMR spectra reveal a doubling of signals, which suggests the presence of two rotamers in the solution. Variable
temperature (VT) 1H-NMR studies supported this hypothesis. The NOESY analysis confirmed that Zrotamer
is present in major form as compared to E-rotamer. The results were further corroborated through density
functional theoretic calculations.

background:

N-acyl tetrahydrothienopyridine derivatives are widespread and important structural motif in bioorganic chemistry. Restricted rotation of C-N bond in such molecules gives rise to two distinct chemical environments

objective:

We observed doubling of signals in 1H NMR spectra of N-acyl tetrahydrothienopyridines derivatives. Herein, attempts were taken to investigate the cause and isomeric equilibrium ratio due to the rotation barrier of the amide bond using the different NMR experiments and DFT studies. We also studied the effect of substituents on molecular geometry and the equilibrium between E/Z diastereomers of thienopyridine derivatives 4a-4g.

method:

The NMR spectra of these derivatives revealed doubling of signals, which suggested presence of two rotamers in solution. Variable-temperature (VT) 1H-NMR studies supported this hypothesis. NOESY analysis confirmed that Z-rotamer is present in major form as compare to E-rotamer. To support these studies, we used DFT calculations to understand the pattern of the 1H NMR chemical shifts, the energies of Z/E rotamers and their intramolecular magnetic effects.

result:

We have synthesized different N-acyl tetrahydrothienopyridine derivatives 3, 4a-4g (Fig. 3). The 1H NMR spectra of all these compounds showed doubling of signals due to the restricted rotation about C-N bond. The ratio of isomers was found to be different for each compound. To investigate the effect of substituents on the isomer ratio, we compared our results with parent compounds; N-acetyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine (4h) and N-acyl-piperidine (4i)
Paederia Foetida Linn (Rubiaceae): Chemical Diversity, Phytopharmacological Potential, Quantitative Analysis and Clinical Approaches
Authors: Dwivedi Jyotsana , Wal Pranay , Wagh Vijay D. , Sachan Pranjal , Joshi Neha Shukla , Goyal Swapnil , Tripathi Arpan Kumar
Published: January 2025

The discovery of novel counteractive pharmaceuticals, which have recently generated
much interest, has played a significant role in the development of drugs derived from herbal
medicines or botanical sources. Paederia foetida (P. foetida) is one such example of a role in
both traditional and traditional medicine. Owing to its popularity in folk medicine, it has been
the subject of intense pharmacological and chemical studies for the last 30 years. They are locally
known as "Gandhavadulia" or "GandhaPrasarini" (English name "skunkvine") and belong to
the family Rubiaceae. This plant has a broad range of applications in the treatment of several illnesses,
including anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antitussive, thrombolytic, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidaemic,
antioxidant, nephroprotective, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anthelmintic,
and antidiarrheal effects. Additionally, it contains a variety of phytochemicals, such as
asperuloside, paederosidic acid, sitosterols, campesterol, lignans, alkaloids, volatile oils, iridoids,
methylindooxy substances, stigmasterol, tannins, triterpenoids, ellagic acid, ursolic acid,
epifriedelinol, and phenolic compounds. Recently, mounting data on numerous active ingredients
have indicated that they may be beneficial for spermatogenesis, wound healing, inflammatory
illnesses, and cancer. This review describes the phytochemistry and mechanisms of action
of these pharmacological effects and provides insights into potential pharmacological targets.
These results highlight the need for additional studies on this medicinal plant and the investigation
of new counteractive medications to determine their mode of action before use in
healthcare.
Integrated Network Pharmacology and Transcriptomics Analysis to
Elucidate the Mechanism of Huoxue Tongluo Qiwei Decoction in the
Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
through Angii-Activated Pkcε Pathway
Authors: Feng Junlong , Deng Sheng , Wang Bin , Zhao Cong , Zou Kali , Li Haisong , Wang Jisheng
Published: January 2025

Background and Aim:

As a classical formula to invigorate blood circulation, Huoxue
Tongluo Qiwei Decoction (HTQD) can effectively treat hypertensive erectile dysfunction (ED),
but its exact mechanism of action is not yet clear. The goal of this research was to explore the
potential mechanism of HTQD in improving hypertensive erectile dysfunction in rats through
transcriptomics, network pharmacology, and associated animal experimentations.

Methods:

The HTQD chemical constituents were screened using high-performance liquid chromatography-
tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Furthermore, transcriptomics analysis
was performed via mRNA sequencing to identify significantly differentially expressed proteins.
Moreover, the key target proteins of HTQD in the treatment of hypertensive ED were screened
by network pharmacology and transcriptomics. In addition, the endothelial cells of the corpus
cavernosum were assessed using hematoxylin-eosin staining. The transcript and protein expressions
were evaluated via western blotting and Real-time reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase
chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Results:

The network pharmacology and transcriptome mRNA sequencing revealed that KCNE1
may be the target protein of HTQD in improving hypertensive ED. After HTQD treatment, the
systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) of hypertensive rats decreased, the number of erections
increased, and the pathological structure of the penis was improved. Moreover, HTQD downregulated
the protein and mRNA expression of AngII, AT1R, DAG, and PKCε, whereas it upregulated
the transcript and protein expression of KCNE1.

Conclusion:

HTQD may activate the PKCε pathway through AngII, inhibit the expression of
KCNE1 protein, relax vascular smooth muscles, and improve erectile function.
Molecular and Functional Significance of Growth Differentiation Factor-15: A Review on Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Biomarker
Authors: Tiwari Krishna , Saravanan Aswini , Anil Abhishek , Tiwari Vikas Kumar , Shamim Muhammad Aaqib , Singh Surjit , Dwivedi Pradeep , Deora Surender , Varthya Shoban Babu
Published: January 2025

Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome is the association between obesity,
diabetes, CKD (chronic kidney disease), and cardiovascular disease. GDF-15 mainly acts
through the GFRAL (Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor Family Receptor Alpha-Like)
receptor. GDF-15 and GDFRAL complex act mainly through RET co-receptors, further activating
Ras and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathways through downstream signaling.
GDF-15 decreases cardiac dysfunction and hypertrophy by inducing HIF-α (hypoxia-inducible
factor-1α). It causes increased fractional shortening and a significant decrease in ventricular dilation
through the induction of the SMAD 2/3. GDF-15 prevents hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis
in diabetes mellitus. GDF-15 causes anorexia by influencing the central systems regulating metabolism
and appetite. Therefore, targeting GDF-15 can be useful for the treatment of anorexia
caused by cancer as well as the prevention of resulting weight loss. GDF-15 has an important
role in predicting mortality in acute kidney injury. Its high levels are related to eGFR decline and
also have a prognostic role in CKD patients. Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is a vital
biomarker for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of CKM syndrome. Elevated GDF-15 levels
can be utilised as a biomarker to determine the suitable metformin dosage. In light chain amyloidosis,
a raised level of GDF-15 predicts early death in heart failure and renal disease patients. In
vivo, studies using GDF-15 analogs and antibodies against GFRAL to affect metabolic parameters
and ventricular dilatation have shown potential for GDF-15-based therapeutic interventions.
This review aims to study the role of GDF-15 in CKM syndrome and establish it as a CKM biomarker.