bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anforderungen an den Virtuellen Zwilling aus Nutzersicht
Authors: Apitzsch René , Brade Jennifer , Winkler Sven , Cassing Kaya , Klimant Philipp
Published: February 2018

Kurzfassung

Dieser Beitrag beschreibt eine durchgeführte Studie zur Ermittlung der Anforderungen und Bedenken bzgl. Virtueller Zwillinge aus Nutzersicht. Die Studie dient als wichtige Grundlage für eine gelungene Implementierung und Akzeptanz Virtueller Zwillinge im Rahmen des digitalen Wandels.
Angepasste Planungssystematik für MRK-Systeme
Authors: Selevsek Nicolas , Köhler Christian
Published: February 2018

Kurzfassung

Die Auswertung gegenwärtiger Anwendungsfälle zeigt, dass nur sehr wenige der in der Praxis realisierten Einsatzszenarien von kollaborativen Industrierobotern einer „echten“ Kollaboration entsprechen. Dies ist u. a. auf fehlendes Planungsverständnis zurückzuführen. Unter Berücksichtigung wichtiger Anforderungen an MRK (Mensch-Roboter-Kollaboration) wurde eine Planungshilfe für kollaborative Szenarien entwickelt. Diese ergänzt herkömmliche, allgemeine Planungssystematiken und ermöglicht so eine zielgerichtete Realisierung der Zusammenarbeit von Mensch und Roboter.
Semi-Rigid Composite Foams of Calcium Sodium Aluminosilicate from Eggshells Embedded in Polyurethane
Authors: Tangboriboon N. , Mulsow L. , Sangwan W. , Sirivat A.
Published: February 2018

Calcium sodium aluminosilicate (CaNaAlSi2O7) ceramic powder was prepared from eggshells as a raw material via the sol-gel process at room temperature. The CaNaAlSi2O7 ceramic particles were embedded as a dispersed phase in the polyurethane (PU) foam matrix via a direct foaming process. The calcium sodium aluminosilicate (CaNaAlSi2O7) ceramic powder had a high specific surface area of 38.89 m2 g−1, and a fine average particle size of 13.27 μm, whereas the PU foam had a low specific surface area of 1.00 m2 g−1, and of light weight. After adding 10 vol% CaNaAlSi2O7 to the PU, the composite foams possessed a high specific surface area of 6.0 m2 g−1, a bulk density of 0.213 ± 0.012 g cm−3, a high decomposition temperature of 790 °C, and a high compressive Young's modulus of 346.0 ± 76.5 kPa. The CaNaAlSi2O7/PU composite foams provided good thermal conductivity, uniform pore size and particle size distribution, good bridge bonding, and with microcellular interconnecting cells. The CaNaAlSi2O7/ PU semi-rigid composite foams are potential candidate materials for a variety of products such as construction materials, catalysts, insulation materials, and adsorbent materials. There are several advantages of the semi-rigid composite foams: light weight, high specific surface area, and high thermal decomposition temperature.
A Novel Non-Planar Transverse Stretching Process for Micro-Porous PTFE Membranes and Resulting Characteristics
Authors: Chang Y.-H. , Chen S.-C. , Wang T.-J. , Guo J.
Published: February 2018

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) micro-porous membranes were prepared from PTFE fine powder through extruding, rolling, and uniaxial longitudinally stretching. In contrast to conventional planar transverse stretching, a novel 3D mold design of non-planar transverse stretching process was employed in this study to produce micro-porous structure. The morphology, membrane thickness, mean pore size, and porosity of the PTFE membrane were investigated. The results show that the non-planar transverse stretched membranes exhibit more uniform average pore diameter with thinner membrane thickness. Morphological changes induced by planar and non-planar transverse stretching for pore characteristics were investigated. The stretching conditions, stretching temperature and rate, affect the stretched membrane. Increasing temperature facilitated the uniformity of pore size and uniformity of membrane thickness. Moreover, increase in stretching rate resulted in finer pore size and thinner membrane.
Fabrication of Polyethylene Terephthalate Microfluidic Chip Using CO2 Laser System
Authors: Hu Z. L. , Chen X. Y.
Published: February 2018

CO2 laser machining technology is a wide and low-cost method for fabrication of microfluidic chips on polyethylene terephthalate (PET). In this paper, the influence of CO2 laser parameters including laser power and laser moving velocity on the depth and width of PET microchannel are studied. Laser power is set from 4 W to 20 W and laser moving velocity is set from 5 mm/s to 25 mm/s in the experiment. Compared with experimental results, some rules for the depth and width on laser parameters are obtained. The depth and width of the microchannel increase with the increase of laser power at the same laser moving velocity. However, the depth and width of the microchannel first increase and then decrease with the increase of laser moving velocity at the same laser power. The PET microfluidic chip is fabricated by a hot bonding machine.
Proposal of Benchmarking Methodology for the Area of Public Passenger Transport
Authors: Mikusova Miroslava
Published: February 2018

This paper introduces the concept of benchmarking - the systematic approach that provides to performance assessment and identification of best practice - as a powerful tool for the development of performance, quality, sustainability and economic efficiency of transport services. It summarizes the results and findings of a study conducted to benchmark the performances of selected Slovak urban public transport enterprises. The study was effectuated in close cooperation with the involved passenger transport authorities and transport operators who delivered the necessary data. Based on indicators elaborated in various EU projects a new method of benchmarking applicable in conditions of public passengers services provision was proposed as well as a set of benchmarking indicators, which are enabling the implementation of a comparative study. Pilot benchmarking application was focused on identification of areas with potential of improvement by means of implementation of developed method. Final part of the paper contains recommendations for creation of a functional benchmarking system in a field of public transport services and details the steps that are necessary for the possible extension of benchmarking application to other areas of public passenger transport.
High-resolution Spectroscopic Observations of Single Red Giants in Three Open Clusters: NGC 2360, NGC 3680, and NGC 5822*
Authors: Peña Suárez V. J. , Sales Silva J. V. , Katime Santrich O. J. , Drake N. A. , Pereira C. B.
Published: February 2018

Single stars in open clusters with known distances are important targets in constraining the nucleosynthesis process since their ages and luminosities are also known. In this work, we analyze a sample of 29 single red giants of the open clusters NGC 2360, NGC 3680, and NGC 5822 using high-resolution spectroscopy. We obtained atmospheric parameters, abundances of the elements C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Ca, Si, Ti, Ni, Cr, Y, Zr, La, Ce, and Nd, as well as radial and rotational velocities. We employed the local thermodynamic equilibrium atmospheric models of Kurucz and the spectral analysis code moog. Rotational velocities and light-element abundances were derived using spectral synthesis. Based on our analysis of the single red giants in these three open clusters, we could compare, for the first time, their abundance pattern with that of the binary stars of the same clusters previously studied. Our results show that the abundances of both single and binary stars of the open clusters NGC 2360, NGC 3680, and NGC 5822 do not have significant differences. For the elements created by the s-process, we observed that the open clusters NGC 2360, NGC 3680, and NGC 5822 also follow the trend already raised in the literature that young clusters have higher s-process element abundances than older clusters. Finally, we observed that the three clusters of our sample exhibit a trend in the [Y/Mg]-age relation, which may indicate the ability of the [Y/Mg] ratio to be used as a clock for the giants.
Cosmic-Ray Nucleosynthesis of p-nuclei: Yields and Routes
Authors: Kusakabe Motohiko , Mathews Grant J.
Published: February 2018

We investigate the cosmic-ray nucleosynthesis (CRN) of proton-rich stable nuclides (p-nuclides). We calculate the cosmic-ray (CR) energy spectra of heavy nuclides with mass number

, taking into account the detailed nuclear spallation, decay, energy loss, and escape from the Galaxy during the CR propagation. We adopt the latest semiempirical formula SPACS for the spallation cross sections and the latest data on nuclear decay. Effective electron-capture decay rates are calculated using the proper cross sections for recombination and ionization in the whole CR energy region. Calculated CR spectral shapes vary for different nuclides. Abundances of proton-rich unstable nuclides increase in CRs with increasing energy relative to those of other nuclides. Yields of the primary and secondary spallation processes and differential yields from respective seed nuclides are calculated. We find that the CR energy region of

MeV/nucleon predominantly contributes to the total yields. The atomic cross sections in the low-energy range adopted in this study are then necessary. Effects of CRN on the Galactic chemical evolution of p-nuclides are calculated. Important seed nuclides are identified for respective p-nuclides. The contribution of CRN is significant for 180m
Ta, accounting for about 20% of the solar abundance. About 87% of the 180m
Ta CRN yield can be attributed to the primary process. The most important production routes are reactions of 181Ta, 180Hf, and 182W. CRN yields of other p-nuclides are typically about

(10−4–10−2) of solar abundances.
Precision Determination of Corotation Radii in Galaxy Disks: Tremaine–Weinberg versus Font–Beckman for NGC 3433
Authors: Beckman John E. , Font Joan , Borlaff Alejandro , García-Lorenzo Begoña
Published: February 2018

Density waves in galaxy disks have been proposed over the years, in a variety of specific models, to explain spiral arm structure and its relation to the mass distribution, notably in barred galaxies. An important parameter in dynamical density wave theories is the corotation radius, the galactocentric distance at which the stars and gas rotate at the same speed as the quasi-static propagating density wave. Determining corotation, and the pattern speed of a bar have become relevant to tests of cosmologically based theories of galaxy evolution involving the dynamical braking of bars by interaction with dark matter halos. Here, comparing two methods, one of that measures the pattern speed and another that measures the radius of corotation, using two instruments (an integral field spectrometer and a Fabry–Perot interferometer), and using both the stellar and interstellar velocity fields, we have determined the bar corotation radius, and three further radii of corotation for the SAB(s)b galaxy NGC 3433. The results of both methods, with both instruments, and with both disk components, give excellent agreement. This strengthens our confidence in the value of the two methods, and offers good perspectives for quantitative tests of different theoretical models.
Gas Contents of Galaxy Groups from Thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Effects
Authors: Lim S. H. , Mo H. J. , Li Ran , Liu Yue , Ma Yin-Zhe , Wang Huiyuan , Yang Xiaohu
Published: February 2018

A matched filter technique is applied to the Planck all-sky Compton y-parameter map to measure the thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (tSZ) effect produced by galaxy groups of different halo masses selected from large redshift surveys in the low-z universe. Reliable halo mass estimates are available for all of the groups, which allows us to bin groups of similar halo masses to investigate how the tSZ effect depends on halo mass over a large mass range. Filters are simultaneously matched for all groups to minimize projection effects. We find that the integrated y-parameter and the hot gas content it implies are consistent with the predictions of the universal pressure profile model only for massive groups above

, but much lower than the model prediction for low-mass groups. The halo mass dependence found is in good agreement with the predictions of a set of simulations that include strong active galactic nucleus feedback, but simulations including only supernova feedback significantly overpredict the hot gas contents in galaxy groups. Our results suggest that hot gas in galaxy groups is either effectively ejected or in phases much below the virial temperatures of the host halos.
Searching for the 3.5 keV Line in the Deep Fields with Chandra: The 10 Ms Observations
Authors: Cappelluti Nico , Bulbul Esra , Foster Adam , Natarajan Priyamvada , Urry Megan C. , Bautz Mark W. , Civano Francesca , Miller Eric , Smith Randall K.
Published: February 2018

We report a systematic search for an emission line around 3.5 keV in the spectrum of the cosmic X-ray background using a total of ∼10 Ms Chandra observations toward the COSMOS Legacy and Extended Chandra Deep Field South survey fields. We find marginal evidence of a feature at an energy of ∼3.51 keV with a significance of 2.5–3σ, depending on the choice of statistical treatment. The line intensity is best fit at (8.8 ± 2.9) × 10−7 ph cm−2 s−1 when using a simple Δχ
2 or

ph cm−2 s−1 when Markov chain Monte Carlo is used. Based on our knowledge of Chandra and the reported detection of the line by other instruments, an instrumental origin for the line remains unlikely. We cannot, however, rule out a statistical fluctuation, and in that case our results provide a 3σ upper limit at 1.85 × 10−6 ph cm−2 s−1. We discuss the interpretation of this observed line in terms of the iron line background, S xvi charge exchange, as well as potentially being from sterile neutrino decay. We note that our detection is consistent with previous measurements of this line toward the Galactic center and can be modeled as the result of sterile neutrino decay from the Milky Way for the dark matter distribution modeled as a Navarro–Frenk–White profile. For this case, we estimate a mass m

ν
 ∼ 7.01 keV and a mixing angle sin2(2θ) = (0.83–2.75) × 10−10. These derived values are in agreement with independent estimates from galaxy clusters, the Galactic center, and M31.
Two-stage Energy Release Process of a Confined Flare with Double HXR Peaks
Authors: Ning Hao , Chen Yao , Wu Zhao , Su Yang , Tian Hui , Li Gang , Du Guohui , Song Hongqiang
Published: February 2018

A complete understanding of the onset and subsequent evolution of confined flares has not been achieved. Earlier studies mainly analyzed disk events so as to reveal their magnetic topology and the cause of confinement. In this study, taking advantage of a tandem of instruments working at different wavelengths of X-rays, EUVs, and microwaves, we present dynamic details about a confined flare observed on the northwestern limb of the solar disk on 2016 July 24. The entire dynamic evolutionary process starting from its onset is consistent with a loop–loop interaction scenario. The X-ray profiles manifest an intriguing double-peak feature. From the spectral fitting, it has been found that the first peak is nonthermally dominated, while the second peak is mostly multithermal with a hot (∼10 MK) and a super-hot (∼30 MK) component. This double-peak feature is unique in that the two peaks are clearly separated by 4 minutes, and the second peak reaches up to 25–50 keV; in addition, at energy bands above 3 keV, the X-ray fluxes decline significantly between the two peaks. This, together with other available imaging and spectral data, manifest a two-stage energy release process. A comprehensive analysis is carried out to investigate the nature of this two-stage process. We conclude that the second stage with the hot and super-hot sources mainly involves direct heating through a loop–loop reconnection at a relatively high altitude in the corona. The uniqueness of the event characteristics and the complete dataset make the study a nice addition to present literature on solar flares.
Magnetic Reconnection at the Earliest Stage of Solar Flux Emergence
Authors: Tian Hui , Zhu Xiaoshuai , Peter Hardi , Zhao Jie , Samanta Tanmoy , Chen Yajie
Published: February 2018

On 2016 September 20, the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph observed an active region during its earliest emerging phase for almost 7 hr. The Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory observed continuous emergence of small-scale magnetic bipoles with a rate of ∼1016 Mx s−1. The emergence of magnetic fluxes and interactions between different polarities lead to the frequent occurrence of ultraviolet (UV) bursts, which exhibit as intense transient brightenings in the 1400 Å images. In the meantime, discrete small patches with the same magnetic polarity tend to move together and merge, leading to the enhancement of the magnetic fields and thus the formation of pores (small sunspots) at some locations. The spectra of these UV bursts are characterized by the superposition of several chromospheric absorption lines on the greatly broadened profiles of some emission lines formed at typical transition region temperatures, suggesting heating of the local materials to a few tens of thousands of kelvin in the lower atmosphere by magnetic reconnection. Some bursts reveal blue- and redshifts of ∼100 km s−1 at neighboring pixels, indicating the spatially resolved bidirectional reconnection outflows. Many such bursts appear to be associated with the cancellation of magnetic fluxes with a rate of the order of ∼1015 Mx s−1. We also investigate the three-dimensional magnetic field topology through a magnetohydrostatic model and find that a small fraction of the bursts are associated with bald patches (magnetic dips). Finally, we find that almost all bursts are located in regions of large squashing factor at the height of ∼1 Mm, reinforcing our conclusion that these bursts are produced through reconnection in the lower atmosphere.
The Influence of a Substellar Continent on the Climate of a Tidally Locked Exoplanet
Authors: Lewis Neil T. , Lambert F. Hugo , Boutle Ian A. , Mayne Nathan J. , Manners James , Acreman David M.
Published: February 2018

Previous studies have demonstrated that continental carbon-silicate weathering is important to the continued habitability of a terrestrial planet. Despite this, few studies have considered the influence of land on the climate of a tidally locked planet. In this work we use the Met Office Unified Model, coupled to a land-surface model, to investigate the climate effects of a continent located at the substellar point. We choose to use the orbital and planetary parameters of Proxima Centauri B as a template, to allow comparison with the work of others. A region of the surface where T
s > 273.15 K is always retained, and previous conclusions on the habitability of Proxima Centauri B remain intact. We find that substellar land causes global cooling and increases day–night temperature contrasts by limiting heat redistribution. Furthermore, we find that substellar land is able to introduce a regime change in the atmospheric circulation. Specifically, when a continent offset to the east of the substellar point is introduced, we observe the formation of two mid-latitude counterrotating jets, and a substantially weakened equatorial superrotating jet.
Line Lists for LiF and LiCl in the X1Σ+ Ground State
Authors: Bittner Dror M. , Bernath Peter F.
Published: February 2018

Vibration–rotation line lists for 6LiF, 7LiF, 6Li35Cl, 6Li37Cl, 7Li35Cl, and 7Li37Cl in the X
1Σ+ ground states have been prepared. The rovibrational energy levels have been calculated using potential energy surfaces determined by direct potential-fitting employing the rotational and rovibrational transition frequencies of all isotopologues, and required the inclusion of Born–Oppenheimer breakdown terms. Dipole moment functions calculated ab initio at the MRCI/aug-cc-pwCV5Z level have been used for line strength calculations. Partition functions for temperatures up to 5000 K have been calculated. LiF and LiCl are predicted to be present in the atmospheres of hot rocky exoplanets, brown dwarfs, and cool stars.
A new species of Paraonis and an annotated checklist of polychaetes from mangroves of the Brazilian Amazon Coast (Annelida, Paraonidae)
Authors: Ribeiro Rannyele Passos , Alves Paulo Ricardo , de Almeida Zafira da Silva , Ruta Christine
Published: February 2018

The polychaete fauna from the mangroves of the Amazon Coast in Maranhão state, Brazil, is reported in this study. Fourteen species are listed, namelyAlittasuccinea(Leuckart, 1847); Arabella (Arabella) iricolor Montagu, 1804;Capitellacapitata(Fabricius, 1780) complex; Exogone (Exogone) breviantennata Hartmann-Schröder, 1959;Heteromastusfiliformis(Claparède, 1864);IsoldapulchellaMüller, 1858;MediomastuscaliforniensisHartman, 1944;NamalycastisfauveliNageswara Rao, 1981;Namalycastisgeayi(Gravier, 1901);Namalycastissenegalensis(Saint-Joseph, 1901);NephtyssimoniPerkins, 1980;Paraonisamazonicasp. n.;Sigambrabassi(Hartman, 1945); andSigambragrubiiMüller, 1858. Among them,NamalycastisfauveliandNamalycastisgeayiare recorded for the first time in Brazil.Paraonisamazonicasp. n.is a new species for science, characterized by a rounded prostomium, 4–8 pairs of foliaceous branchiae, absent eyes, and two types of modified neurochaetae, acicular and hook-shaped.
A new species of Cotesia Cameron (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) reared from the hickory horned devil, Citheronia regalis, and luna moth, Actias luna, in east Texas
Authors: Whitfield James B. , Nuelle Jr. Robert J. , Nuelle III Robert J.
Published: February 2018

The braconid wasp parasitoidCotesianuellorumWhitfield, new species, is described from specimens reared from a caterpillar of the hickory horned devil,Citheroniaregalis(F.), and from a caterpillar of the luna moth,Actiasluna(L.), in eastern Texas. The species is diagnosed with respect to other species ofCotesiarecorded from North American Saturniidae, and details of its biology are provided.
Age-dependent food utilisation of Acheta domesticus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) in small groups at two temperatures
Authors: Morales-Ramos J.A. , Rojas M.G. , Dossey A.T.
Published: February 2018

Insects hold potential as a sustainable source of animal protein. In recent years a new and rapidly growing industry of insect-based foods has emerged. The house cricket, Acheta domesticus (L.) (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), is one of the most important insect species being produced commercially in the USA for feed and food. However, the price of cricket powder remains much higher in comparison with other animal sources of protein. This study seeks to contribute to reduce cricket production costs by determining food conversion efficiency at different ages as a mean of establishing an optimal harvesting age. Two temperature treatments of 27 and 29 °C consisting of 27 groups of five crickets each were monitored weekly to measure food consumption and growth for a period of 10 and 9 weeks respectively. Data were used to calculate efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) for each week and treatment. Crickets at 27 °C produced more biomass and adults were significantly larger than those developing at 29 °C. The peak individual weekly biomass gain was observed at the end of 8 weeks at 27 °C (87.9±8.1 mg) (mean ± SEM) and at the end of 6 weeks at 29 °C (51.4±7.1 mg). Mean ECI values during weeks 1 to 8 at 27 °C (20.7, 22.6, 22, 20.8, 21.6, 20.9, 20, and 16.5%) and weeks 1 to 6 at 29 °C (18, 24.4, 19.9, 18.9, 21.1, and 16.4%) did not differ significantly. Decline of ECI values was better explained by the increase in adult proportions than by mortality. The optimal age to harvest based on food consumption and cricket biomass gain ratios was at the end of 8 weeks at 27 °C and at the end of 6 weeks at 29 °C. An economic analysis resulted in slightly higher profits ($ 1.04 USD) per g of hatchling/year at 27 °C.
Civilização e barbárie no pensamento de Manuel González Prada
Authors: Bechelli Ricardo Sequeira
Published: February 2018

Este artigo tem por objetivo o de ilustrar a importância do pensamento de Manuel González Prada no debate da relação entre civilização e barbárie. González Prada procurou demonstrar e criticar nas obras Páginas Libres e em Horas de Lucha, a dicotomia entre o imaginário construído pela elite peruana de civilização, mostrando que a barbárie, atribuída ao povo peruano, nada mais representava que uma forma de domínio e controle social e que somente este através da sua luta, é que poderia superar a situação a qual estava submetido.
La poética de la frontera
Authors: Stambaugh Antonio Prieto
Published: February 2018

La poética de la frontera surge en la década de los 1980s cuando artistas chicanos y mexicanos comenzaron a crear un universo de creaciones literarias, plásticas y performáticas para abordar la compleja realidad de la frontera México-EEUU. Una pionera de esta poética fue la escritora chicana Gloria Anzaldúa, con su libro Borderlands/La Frontera. The New Mestiza, publicado en 1987. En esos años se dio a conocer en la región de Tijuana/San Diego el grupo Border Arts Workshop / Taller de Arte Fronterizo (BAW/TAF), un colectivo de artistas mexicanos, latinos y estadounidenses que usaron el arte conceptual (en particular el “site-specific performance” en la línea fronteriza) para denunciar políticas migratorias y jugar con la cultura híbrida de la frontera. Guillermo Gómez-Peña, miembro fundador del BAW/TAF, continuó realizando performances unipersonales como Border Brujo y fundó en los años 90 el colectivo La Pocha Nostra en San Francisco. Actualmente, con el recrudecimiento de la xenofobia anti-migrante, una nueva generación de artivistas a ambos lados de la frontera norte –del que se menciona el caso de Lukas Avendaño– emerge para seguir ejerciendo la poética de la frontera como vehículo de afirmación y resistencia.
Pensar Malvinas : José Hernández y Paul Groussac
Authors: Bueno Mónica
Published: February 2018

Sobre la cuestión Malvinas en Argentina, dos nombres propios conocidos que escribieron textos poco conocidos sobre el tema. José Hernández y Paul Groussac, reclaman nuestra lectura. Sus figuras remiten a zonas diferentes de la cultura argentina y definen referencias históricas. Nos convocan desde el pasado para seguir pensando.
Microstructural Evolution of Metal Matrix Composites Formed by Laser Deposition of Ti-6Al-4V Wire and WC-W2C Powder
Authors: Farayibi Peter Kayode
Published: February 2018

In this paper, the microstructural evolution of the composite formed by fibre laser deposition of Ti-6Al-4V wire and WC-W2C powder was investigated and reported. Nine single tracks were deposited using combinations of four laser processing parameters (laser power, traverse speed, wire feed rate and powder feed rate) with each having three levels based on Taguchi design of experiments. The samples of the deposited composites were subjected to microstructural examinations using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray Diffractometry, and microhardness tests. The resultant microstructure is characterised by uniform distribution of the reinforcement particles (WC-W2C) and dispersion of in-situ synthesised TiC and W solid solution precipitates in a β-stabilised Ti matrix. The TiC precipitates have blocky and fine eutectic morphologies, while the W solid solution precipitates have blocky and leaf-like equiaxed morphologies. The retained W composition in the β-Ti was found to range from 7.5-9 at%, and it helped to β-stabilise the matrix which was considered beneficial for the composite matrix to retain its ductility. Increasing laser power was found to decrease the amount of W retained in the Ti matrix which resulted in a lower cooling rate, favourable for the nucleation of W solid solution. The uniform dispersion of the TiC and W solid solutions in the β-Ti matrix phase has significantly enhanced its hardness which ranged from 455-543 HV0.3. It is anticipated that the composite formed will possess excellent wear resistance and contact deformation characteristics.
Polarization Resistance Parameters of Anti-Corrosion Inhibitor of Cucurbit[N]Urils and Thioglycolurils in Aggressive Mediums
Authors: Berdimurodov Elyor , Kholikov Abduvali , Akbarov Khamdam , Nuriddinova D.
Published: February 2018

In this article we have used new anticorrosion investigating techniques and studied new polarization resistance aspects of anticorrosion mechanism of cucurbit [n] urils and thioglycolurils based inhibitors in aggressive acid and alkaline containing chloride mediums. Results suggest that the active complex of inhibitor with iron is non-soluble and stable in aggressive mediums.
FHR5 Binds to Laminins, Uses Separate C3b and Surface-Binding Sites, and Activates Complement on Malondialdehyde-Acetaldehyde Surfaces
Authors: Rudnick Ramona B. , Chen Qian , Stea Emma Diletta , Hartmann Andrea , Papac-Milicevic Nikolina , Person Fermin , Wiesener Michael , Binder Christoph J. , Wiech Thorsten , Skerka Christine , Zipfel Peter F.
Published: February 2018

Factor H related-protein 5 (CFHR5) is a surface-acting complement activator and variations in the CFHR5 gene are linked to CFHR glomerulonephritis. In this study, we show that FHR5 binds to laminin-521, the major constituent of the glomerular basement membrane, and to mesangial laminin-211. Furthermore, we identify malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde (MAA) epitopes, which are exposed on the surface of human necrotic cells (Homo sapiens), as new FHR5 ligands. Using a set of novel deletion fragments, we show that FHR5 binds to laminin-521, MAA epitopes, heparin, and human necrotic cells (HUVECs) via the middle region [short consensus repeats (SCRs) 5-7]. In contrast, surface-bound FHR5 contacts C3b via the C-terminal region (SCRs8-9). Thus, FHR5 uses separate domains for C3b binding and cell surface interaction. MAA epitopes serve as a complement-activating surface by recruiting FHR5. The complement activator FHR5 and the complement inhibitor factor H both bind to oxidation-specific MAA epitopes and FHR5 competes with factor H for binding. The C3 glomerulopathy–associated FHR21–2-FHR5 hybrid protein is more potent in MAA epitope binding and activation compared with wild-type FHR5. The implications of these results for pathology of CFHR glomerulonephritis are discussed. In conclusion, we identify laminins and oxidation-specific MAA epitopes as novel FHR5 ligands and show that the surface-binding site of FHR5 (SCRs5-7) is separated from the C3b binding site (SCRs8-9). Furthermore, FHR5 competes with factor H for binding to MAA epitopes and activates complement on these modified structures.
Light chain amyloidosis
Authors: Milani Paolo , Merlini Giampaolo , Palladini Giovanni
Published: February 2018

Light chain (AL) amyloidosis is caused by a usually small plasma-cell clone that is able to produce the amyloidogenic lights chains. They are able to misfold and aggregate, deposit in tissues in the form of amyloid fibrils and lead to irreversible organ dysfunction and eventually death if treatment is late or ineffective. Cardiac damage is the most important prognostic determinant. The risk of dialysis is predicted by the severity of renal involvement, defined by the baseline proteinuria and glomerular filtration rate, and by response to therapy. The specific treatment is chemotherapy targeting the underlying plasma-cell clone. This needs be risk adapted, according to the severity of cardiac and/or multi-organ involvement. Autologous stem cell transplant (preceded by induction and/or followed by consolidation with bortezomib-based regimens) can be considered for low-risk patients (~20%). Bortezomib combined with alkylators is used in the majority of intermediate-risk patients, and with possible dose escalation in high-risk subjects. Novel, powerful anti-plasma cell agents were investigated in the relapsed/refractory setting, and are being moved to upfront therapy in clinical trials. In addition, the use of novel approaches based on antibodies targeting the amyloid deposits or small molecules interfering with the amyloidogenic process gave promising results in preliminary studies. Some of them are under evaluation in controlled trials. These molecules will probably add powerful complements to standard chemotherapy. The understanding of the specific molecular mechanisms of cardiac damage and the characteristics of the amyloidogenic clone are unveiling novel potential treatment approaches, moving towards a cure for this dreadful disease.
Groundwater Information Network, Groundwater Geoscience Program
Authors: Brodaric B
Published: February 2018

Groundwater Information Network: Fed-prov-terr-int'l collaboration to disseminate groundwater data online, through the use of international standards and leading geospatial methods, aligned with GOC Open Data and Open Science initiatives.
Données du programme des eaux souterraines accessibles via la Plateforme Géospatiale Fédérale (PGF), données et cartes ouvertes
Authors: Boisvert E , Brodaric B , Julien H , Létourneau F , Smirnoff A
Published: February 2018

The Groundwater program looked into ways to release data gathered during aquifer assessment projects.
Projects did not have any standard way to release data and relied mostly on traditional publications.
Groundwater Information Network (GIN) looked into ways to meet Open Science requirements.
О некоторых свойствах вектор-функций алгебры логики
Authors: Taimanov V A
Published: February 2018

Рассматривается функциональная система вектор-функций алгебры логики с естественным образом определенной операцией суперпозиции. Получены достаточные условия вхождения ряда важных вектор-функций в замкнутые классы.
Необходимые условия применимости алгоритма Гаусса к системам уравнений над квазигруппами
Authors: Polin Sergei Vladimirovich
Published: February 2018

Ранее автор, исследуя системы уравнений над заданным семейством ${\mathfrak{S}} $ квазигрупповых операций, показал, что для того, чтобы к рассматриваемым систем был применим алгоритма Гаусса, необходимо, чтобы операции из семейства ${\mathfrak{S}} $ удовлетворяли обобщенным тождествам дистрибутивности и транзитивности. В настоящей работе описаны все множества операций с этими тождествами. Полученный результат позволил сделать вывод о том, что алгоритм Гаусса применим только к линейным или сводящимся к линейным системам уравнений.
Булевы функции как точки на гиперсфере в евклидовом пространстве
Authors: Logachev Oleg Aleksejevich , Fedorov Sergei N , Yashchenko Valerii Vladimirovich
Published: February 2018

Предлагается новый подход к изучению алгебраических, комбинаторных и криптографических свойств булевых функций. Инъективное отображение множества булевых функций на сферу в евклидовом пространстве позволило обнаружить новые взаимосвязи между функциями, при этом некоторые классы функций локализуются на сфере крайне регулярным образом. Вводится понятие кривизны булевой функции, характеризующее ее близость (в некотором смысле) к максимально нелинейным функциям.
Функциональная предельная теорема для разложимого ветвящегося процесса с двумя типами частиц
Authors: Afanasyev Valeriy Ivanovich
Published: February 2018

Рассматривается разложимый ветвящийся процесс Гальтона-Ватсона
с двумя типами частиц. Предполагается, что частицы первого типа
производят как частицы первого, так и второго типов,
причем в одинаковых количествах, а частицы второго типа производят
только частицы своего типа.
Установлена функциональная предельная теорема для процесса,
описывающего число частиц первого типа в различных поколениях
и рассматриваемого при условии, что полное число частиц
второго типа больше $N\to \infty$.
Библиография: 10 названий.
О свойствах кривизны многообразий с деформированными $G_2$-структурами
Authors: Ozdemir N , Aktay S
Published: February 2018

Мы изучаем связанные с кривизной свойства многообразия со
структурной группой $G_2$, фундаментальная $3$-форма которого
деформирована с помощью векторного поля Киллинга единичной длины.
Выводятся некоторые результаты о том, при каких условиях это
многообразие плоское, эйнштейновское или изоморфно единичной сфере.
Библиография: 8 названий.
Рекуррентные соотношения высших порядков, аппроксимации Эрмита-Паде и системы Никишина
Authors: Barrios Rolanía Dolores , Geronimo Jeffrey Stephen , Lopez Lagomasino Guillermo
Published: February 2018

Изучение последовательностей полиномов, удовлетворяющих рекуррентным соотношениям высших порядков, связано с асимптотическим поведением полиномов совместной ортогональности, свойствами сходимости аппроксимаций Эрмита-Паде $2$-го рода и распределением собственных значений ленточных тeплицевых матриц. В работе приводятся результаты для случая рекуррентных соотношений с постоянными коэффициентами, обобщающие известные результаты о полиномах Чебышeва первого рода. В частности, мы показываем, что при определенных условиях получающаяся последовательность полиномов удовлетворяет соотношениям совместной ортогональности по системе мер никишинского типа.
Библиография: 20 названий.
Относительная асимптотика ортогональных многочленов для возмущенных мер
Authors: Saff Edward Barry , Stylianopoulos Nikos
Published: February 2018

В работе дается обзор и доказывается ряд новых результатов о поведении ортогональных многочленов на плоскости под воздействием малых возмущений меры ортогональности. Вводится понятие полиномиально малого возмущения меры. Именно, если $\{p_n(\mu_j,z)\}_{n=0}^\infty$, $j=0,1$, - последовательность многочленов, ортогональных по этой мере, то мера $\mu_0 \geqslant \mu_1$ называется полиномиально малым возмущением меры $\mu_1$, если $\|p_n(\mu_1, \cdot )\|_{L_2(\mu_0-\mu_1)}\to 0$ при $n\to\infty$. Устанавливаются результаты об асимптотическом поведении двух последовательностей ортонормированных многочленов. Также доказываются результаты о поведении нулей полиномиально малых возмущения многочленов, ортогональных относительно плоской меры (многочленов Бергмана).
Библиография: 35 названий.
Youth and Popular Culture in 1950s Ireland
Authors: O’Leary Eleanor
Published: February 2018

Focusing on a decade in Irish history which has been largely overlooked,  Youth and Popular Culture in 1950s Ireland  provides the most complete account of the 1950s in Ireland, through the eyes of the young people who contributed, slowly but steadily, to the social and cultural transformation of Irish society. Eleanor O’Leary presents a picture of a generation with an international outlook, who played basketball, read comic books and romance magazines, listened to rock’n’roll music and skiffle, made their own clothes to mimic international styles and even danced in the street when the major stars and bands of the day rocked into town. She argues that this engagement with imported popular culture was a contributing factor to emigration and the growing dissatisfaction with standards of living and conservative social structures in Ireland. As well as outlining teenagers’ resistance to outmoded forms of employment and unfair work practices, she maps their vulnerability as a group who existed in a limbo between childhood and adulthood. Issues of unemployment, emigration and education are examined alongside popular entertainments and social spaces in order to provide a full account of growing up in the decade which preceded the social upheaval of the 1960s.

Examining the 1950s through the unique prism of youth culture and reconnecting the decade to the process of social and cultural transition in the second half of the 20th century, this book is a valuable contribution to the literature on 20th-century Irish history.
A child with subcorneal pustular dermatosis responded to IVIG treatment (Sneddon-Wilkinson disease)
Authors: Kundak Selcen , Bağ Özlem , Gülez Nesrin , Ergin Malik
Published: February 2018

Subcorneal pustular dermatosis (SPD) is a rare, chronic, recurrent dermatosis characterised by sterile pustules. It develops mainly in middle-aged or elder women, but is also rarely seen in children. The exact aetiology of the disease is unknown. In literature, cases associated with IgA gammopathy have been reported. In this article; we report a case of a five-year-old girl who was diagnosed as SPD by clinical features, histopathological characteristics, and direct immunofluorescence analysis results. IgA was high, and IgG-IgM and CD19+ B cell were low. We noticed that during IVIG treatment for immunodeficiency, dermatological symptoms were recovered rapidly. Clinical profile of SPD and its association with systemic diseases may provide early detection of immune dysfunction.
TM5-FASST: a global atmospheric source-receptor model for rapid impact analysis of emission changes on air quality and short-lived climate pollutants
Authors: Van Dingenen Rita , Dentener Frank , Crippa Monica , Leitao Joana , Marmer Elina , Rao Shilpa , Solazzo Efisio , Valentini Luana
Published: February 2018

Abstract. This paper describes, documents and validates the TM5-Fast Scenario Screening Tool (TM5-FASST), a global reduced-form air quality source-receptor model that has been designed to compute ambient pollutant concentrations as well as broad range of pollutant-related impacts, related to human health, agricultural crop production, and short-lived pollutant climate metrics, taking as input annual pollutant emission data aggregated at the national or regional level. The TM5-FASST tool, providing a trade-off between accuracy and applicability, is based on linearized emission-concentration sensitivities derived with the full chemistry-transport model TM5. The tool has been extensively applied in various recent critical studies. Although informal and fragmented validation has already been performed in various publications, this paper provides a comprehensive documentation of all components of the model and a validation against the full TM5 model. We find that the simplifications introduced in order to generate immediate results from emission scenarios are not compromising the validity of the output and as such TM5-FASST is proven to be a useful tool in science-policy analysis. Furthermore, it constitutes a suitable architecture for implementing the ensemble of source-receptor relations obtained in the frame of the HTAP modelling exercises, thus creating a link between the scientific community and policy-oriented users.
Experimental techniques for the calibration of lidar depolarization channels in EARLINET
Authors: Belegante Livio , Bravo-Aranda Juan Antonio , Freudenthaler Volker , Nicolae Doina , Nemuc Anca , Ene Dragos , Alados-Arboledas Lucas , Amodeo Aldo , Pappalardo Gelsomina , D'Amico Giuseppe , Amato Francesco , Engelmann Ronny , Baars Holger , Wandinger Ulla , Papayannis Alexandros , Kokkalis Panos , Pereira Sérgio N.
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Particle depolarization ratio retrieved from lidar measurements are commonly used for aerosol-typing studies, microphysical inversion, or mass concentration retrievals. The particle depolarization ratio is one of the primary parameters that can differentiate several major aerosol components but only if the measurements are accurate enough. The accuracy related to the retrieval of particle depolarization ratios is the driving factor for assessing and improving the uncertainties of the depolarization products. This paper presents different depolarization calibration procedures used to improve the quality of the depolarization data. The results illustrate a significant improvement of the depolarization lidar products for all the selected lidar stations that have implemented depolarization calibration procedures. The calibrated volume and particle depolarization profiles at 532 nm show values that fall within a range that is generally accepted in the literature.
The biomass burning contribution to climate-carbon cycle feedback
Authors: Harrison Sandy P. , Bartlein Patrick J. , Brovkin Victor , Houweling Sander , Kloster Silvia , Prentice I. Colin
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Temperature exerts strong controls on the incidence and severity of fire. Warming is thus expected to increase fire-related carbon emissions, and thereby atmospheric CO2. But the magnitude of this feedback is very poorly known. We use a single-box model of the land biosphere to quantify this positive feedback from satellite-based estimates of biomass burning emissions for 2000–2014 CE, and from sedimentary charcoal records for the millennium before the industrial period. We derive an estimate of the centennial-scale feedback strength of 6.5 ± 3.4 ppm CO2 per degree of land temperature increase, based on the satellite data. However, this estimate is poorly constrained, and is largely driven by the well-documented dependence of tropical deforestation and peat fires on climate variability patterns linked to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Palaeodata from pre-industrial times provide the opportunity to assess the fire-related climate-carbon cycle feedback over a longer period, with less pervasive human impacts. Past biomass burning can be quantified based on variations in either the concentration and isotopic composition of methane in ice cores (with assumptions about the isotopic signatures of different methane sources) or the abundances of charcoal preserved in sediments, which reflect landscape-scale changes in burnt biomass. These two data sources are shown here to be coherent with one another. The more numerous data from sedimentary charcoal, expressed as normalized anomalies (fractional deviations from the long-term mean), are then used – together with an estimate of mean biomass burning derived from methane isotope data – to infer a feedback strength of 5.6 ± 3.2 ppm CO2 per degree of land temperature and (for a climate sensitivity of 2.8 K) a gain of 0.09 ± 0.05. This finding indicates that the positive feedback from increased fire provides a substantial contribution to the overall climate-carbon cycle feedback on centennial time scales.
Transit-oriented development and ports: A national analysis in the United States
Authors: Renne John
Published: February 2018

This study quantified the number of fixed-transit station areas, by transit-oriented development (TOD) typology, close to major sea and river port facilities across the United States. Moreover, the study analyzed population, job, transportation, and built environment characteristics near ports. The National TOD Database was combined with the National Transportation Atlas Database, and geographic information systems analysis was utilized to isolate all stations located within a half-mile, one mile, and three miles of major ports. Findings showed that TODs are located as close as a half-mile to some of the largest ports in the United States, including Boston, Chicago, Miami, and San Francisco/Oakland. Twenty-one percent of all stations were located within three miles of major ports across the nation; thus, TODs and major ports can successfully coincide despite tensions that may arise over congestion. Few studies have examined integrated land use and transportation planning for TODs near major ports. This study recommends ideas for future quantitative and qualitative research.