bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ РЕГУЛЯЦИИ НОРМАТИВНОГО ПОРЯДКА: МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВАНИЯ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ
Authors: Чернобровкина Наталья Игоревна
Published: February 2025

Цель исследования заключается в разработке социально-философских оснований изучения механизмов нормативного порядка — социального контроля и его легитимации, что позволит выявить их казуальную и функциональную зависимость в условиях изменяющейся социальной реальности.
Методология исследования. Различные теоретические подходы к изучению нормативного порядка могут быть совмещены в рамках обобщающего социально-философского подхода. Этот подход базируется на двух теоретических принципах: социальной обусловленности и изменчивости нормативного порядка, рассмотрение которых возможно посредством изучения взаимозависимости механизмов нормативной регуляции — социального контроля и легитимации порядка.
Результаты исследования. Поиск базовых закономерностей нормативной регуляции общества осуществляется посредством изучения социальных механизмов нормативного порядка. Систематизация теоретических подходов к исследованию внешнего способа нормативной регуляции — социального контроля — и легитимации нормативного порядка как субъективной ориентации людей в окружающей действительности позволила выявить их достоинства и недостатки. Рассмотрение этих механизмов в качестве атрибута и модусного свойства иерархического нормативного порядка позволяет объяснить, как установление норм может соответствовать принципам общественного устройства и системе социального контроля.
Перспективы исследования. Изучение казуальной и функциональной зависимости механизмов нормативной регуляции — социального контроля и легитимации нормативного порядка — позволит предложить объяснительную модель динамичных функциональных связей конфликта и кооперации между людьми, через которые происходит их разъединение и интеграция под влиянием внешних и внутренних социальных условий.
РОЛЬ ДИАСПОРЫ В СОХРАНЕНИИ ЭТНИЧНОСТИ АРМЯНСКОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ НА ЮГЕ РОССИИ
Authors: Григорян Геворк Григорьевич
Published: February 2025

Цель исследования заключается в определении роли диаспоры в сохранении этничности армянской молодежи на Юге России.
Методологическую базу исследования составили конструктивистская методология, институциональный и социокультурный подходы.
Результаты исследования. В результате исследования раскрыта роль диаспоры в сохранении идентичности армянской молодежи на Юге России. Определено, что в Ростовской области и Краснодарском крае армянская диаспора широко представлена и создает уникальную среду, которая может выступать в качестве политического актора не только со стороны представителей конкретной национальности и исторической родины, но и в качестве активного участника политической и социальной жизни страны пребывания. Выявлено, что в условиях глобализации и миграционных процессов молодежь всё чаще сталкивается с вызовами ассимиляции. Отмечается, что армянская диаспора на Юге России не просто сохраняет этническую идентичность армянской молодежи, но и активно участвует в её переосмыслении.
Перспективы исследования составляет анализ влияния армянской диаспоры как политического актора в локальных и региональных процессах и исследование вклада армянской диаспоры в укрепление межэтнического диалога в мультикультурной среде Юга России
СОВРЕМЕННАЯ СУДЕБНАЯ СИСТЕМА В МАССОВОМ СОЗНАНИИ РОССИЯН
Authors: Латышева Анна Трофимовна , Самыгин Петр Сергеевич , Самыгин Сергей Иванович
Published: February 2025

Целью исследования выступает анализ отношения россиян к современной судебной системе в комплексе с определением факторов его формирования и перспектив повышения доверия представителей различных групп населения к судам.
Методологическую базу составляют принципы диалектического подхода, позволившего рассмотреть судебную систему в ее становлении и развитии, а также показать диалектическую связь судебной власти и представлений о ней в массовом сознании. Эмпирическая основа исследования включает материалы социологических исследований, проведенных крупнейшими российскими научными организациями и посвященных отношению представителей различных групп населения к судебной системе, уровню доверию граждан к разным судебным инстанциям.
Результаты исследования. Отечественная судебная система в настоящее время не пользуется доверием у абсолютного большинства российских граждан, что имеет следствием ориентацию на внесудебные способы разрешения конфликтов и споров. Опыт обращения в судебные инстанции выступает в настоящее время в качестве одного из факторов, усиливающих отрицательное отношение к судам в нашей стране: люди, которым пришлось непосредственно взаимодействовать с судебной системой, оценивают ее более негативно, чем те, кто никогда не сталкивался с работой судов. В качестве основных причин, детерминирующих низкий уровень доверия граждан к судебной власти, выделяются присущая отечественным судам коррумпированность, волокита, зависимость судов от деятельности исполнительных органов, отсутствие какой-либо ответственности или наказания судей за вынесенные ими заведомо неправосудные решения, а также невозможность добиться справедливости в суде. Повышению эффективности деятельности судов будут способствовать введение действенных процедур привлечения к ответственности представителей судейского корпуса в случае вынесения ими заведомо неправосудных решений, введение выборности судей, участие гражданского общества в оценке деятельности лиц, занимающих соответствующие должности, более активное вовлечение граждан в судопроизводство, повышение требований, предъявляемым к претендентам на судейские должности.
Перспективу исследования составляет углубленный анализ основных факторов, формирующих отношение россиян к судебной системе, а также определение перспективных направлений государственной политики, направленной на повышение уровня доверия к судам.
NIEEFEKTYWNE INWESTYCJE – PROBLEM PRZEINWESTOWANIA NA PRZYKŁADZIE POLSKICH GOSPODARSTW ROLNYCH W WARUNKACH WSPÓLNEJ POLITYKI ROLNEJ
Authors: Zmyślona Jagoda , Sadowski Arkadiusz
Published: February 2025

Celem opracowania była ocena skali zjawiska przeinwestowania w środki trwałe polskich gospodarstw
rolnych w warunkach wsparcia funduszami Wspólnej Polityki Rolnej. Przeinwestowanie
rozumiane było jako wzrost technicznego uzbrojenia pracy, któremu nie towarzyszy adekwatna
poprawa wydajności pracy. Ocenie poddano 3273 gospodarstwa rolne pod kątem ich
przeinwestowania, wykorzystując do jego pomiaru autorską metodę. Następnie zbadano skutki
tego zjawiska. Przeanalizowano między innymi produkcję, koszty, dochody, zasoby czynników
produkcji i ich relacje. Stwierdzono występowanie przeinwestowania w części badanych gospodarstw,
w szczególności korzystających ze wsparcia inwestycyjnego Wspólnej Polityki Rolnej.
Charakteryzowały się one gorszymi wynikami ekonomicznymi, co w przyszłości może rodzić
problemy finansowe. Uzyskane wyniki znacząco pogłębiają prowadzone dotychczas badania na
temat przeinwestowania w gospodarstwach rolnych. Ponadto mogą być też wykorzystane jako
rekomendacja dla polityki rolnej, dla lepszego monitorowania rozdysponowania środków pomocowych
dedykowanych rolnictwu.
Geopolitical Regionalism and New Regionalization of the World Economy
Authors: Kheyfets Boris
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the role of modern geopolitical fragmentation in the regionalization of the global economic space. The research logic is based on the analysis of changes in the theory of regionalization in connection with tectonic transformations in the world economy and politics. A new stage in the development of regionalism, which is called geopolitical regionalism, has been identified, and the methodology for identifying types of regionalization of the world economy has been clarified. Types such as traditional regionalization, based on direct contractual formats of economic integration (integration regionalization), which is determined primarily by economic factors, are considered in more detail; regionalization based on macroregions and subregions (macroregional regionalization), in which the dominant factor is geographic location, and fragmentation caused by political factors (geopolitical fragmentation) and leading to the division of the global economic space into separate opposing blocs of states. Various methodological approaches to identifying separate geopolitical blocs are considered, including the use of a new criterion – geopolitical distance, that shows the degree of foreign policy proximity or distance between the states included in the analyzed group. Unlike other types of regionalization, geopolitical fragmentation is a serious challenge for the global economy as it leads to the collapse of global ties, a fundamental change in existing global value chains and a weakening of the international regulatory system. This requires constant monitoring of geopolitical fragmentation and analysis of its new manifestations as well as a balanced scientific discussion on this issue
The Impact of Climate Policies on Russiaʼs Global Competitiveness in the Context of Sanctions
Authors: Ermokhin Ivan , Kucherova Diana
Published: February 2025

The expansion of climate change measures on decarbonization and adaptation are implemented by countries in national legislation, including obligations to reduce greenhouse gases (GHGs) by nationally determined contributions that have an impact on integration processes, as climate obligations are primarily linked to the realization of collective actions by the international community. For example, WTO in its report on the interaction of climate and trade issues [Trade and Climate Change, 2022] was pointed to 4,355 trade measures in agreements that are aimed to achieve the climate goals. The topic of climate change particularly affects the energy and metals sectors, in which Russia is currently a key exporter. For example, climate change has brought into focus the issue of ensuring stable supplies of critical raw materials that is needed for the energy transition. Since Russia is currently a key exporter of certain goods, it seems relevant to consider how climate action by Russian importers will affect Russiaʼs positioning in foreign trade under international sanctions. As a result of the study, the authors formulate proposals for Russia to take national measures, taking into account the exports changes.
Detecting Cyberbullying in Social Media: An NLP-Based Classification Framework
Authors:   PhD Research Scholar, Computer science, IIS Deemed to be University, Gurukul Marg, SFS, Mansarovar, Jaipur, India, Vivekananth P , Sharma Navneet
Published: February 2025

Objectives: To accomplish better cyberbullying classification accuracy through Modified Term Frequency and Inverse Document Frequency (MTF-IDF) with Machine Learning (ML) technique. The cyberbullying classification is improved by modifying the parameter by hypertuning the concept in MTF-IDF using the Optuna method. Method: To categorize the bullying text, this study discusses the Ensemble model that integrates MTF-IDF and ML methods with sophisticated feature extraction approaches. This research has considered 47692 tweets along with the label of cyberbullying classes, and 1000 tweets is the sample size considered for testing proposed MTF-IDF with various ML algorithms. From the text data, MTF-IDF with ML has assisted in identifying the cyberbullying feature patterns for feature extraction by hyperparameter tuning the MTF-IDF method using Optuna technique for the accurate classification of cyberbullying tweets. Findings: In text classification, MTF-IDF with ML has assisted in identifying the cyberbullying feature patterns for feature extraction techniques by hyperparameter tuning the MTF-IDF method by Optuna technique for the accurate cyberbullying tweets classification. The proposed hyperparameter-tuned MTF-IDF is evaluated with traditional Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods by confusion matrix metrics like accuracy and balanced accuracy as 83.63% and 83.42%, respectively which are seen to be high when compared to traditional NLP methods. Novelty: The proposed framework focuses on cyberbullying detection in social media more precisely by text mining sentimental words using Modified NLP methods with hyperparameter tuning and improving the classification t using Optuna with various ML methods and modified entropy concept of TF-IDF as Modified TF-IDF (MTF-IDF).

Keywords: Social Media, Cyberbullying, Term Frequency ­ Inverse Document Frequency (TF­ IDF), Natural Language Processing, Machine Learning, Sentiment Analysis (SA), Optuna
Transnational Commercial Law and Lex Mercatoria: In Place of Each Other or Along with Each Other?
Authors: Fonotova O. V.
Published: February 2025

The expressions «lex mercatoria» and «transnational commercial law» are often used in the literature of international commercial law as synonymous and interchangeable concepts. Arguing the fallacy of this approach, the author delineates these categories on the basis of a comparative analysis of the corresponding theoretical concepts, normative acts and examined the significance of each of the legal complexes under consideration. The paper justifies that in normative terms lex mercatoria consists of general principles of law and unwritten international trade customs. Such regulators are formed spontaneously in cross-border commercial practice, and their identification is of some complexity. Transnational commercial law includes specified unwritten sources attributed to lex mercatoria. At the same time, it also includes written sources created by the deliberate efforts of non-state actors, namely: international conventions and treaties (for example, the UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods of 1980), acts of international private law unification with generally recognized normative force (Principles of International Commercial Treaties of UNIDROIT, Incoterms, Unified Rules and Customs for Documentary Letters of Credit, etc.), recommendation documents created by international organizations and communities of merchants that are not characterized by regularity (model laws, guidelines, recommendations, model terms of contracts, reservations, etc.); international commercial arbitration practice and doctrine. Sources of transnational commercial law can be represented in the form of a hierarchical structure, with the general principles of law at the top. The elements of the structure (sources of transnational commercial law) are in close cooperation and affect each other.
The Nature of NFT Legal Benefits and their Criminal Protection in the Context of the Metaverse
Authors: Ding Yucui
Published: February 2025

NFTs in the development of the metaverse economy, contributing to the growth of the digital economy, are also associated with crime risks. NFT has a two-layer complex structure «metadata + token identifier (ID)». In cases where the NFT is the target of a crime, it is exposed to a double risk — illegal interference with metadata and illegal receipt of a token ID. Within the framework of the guidelines on the interaction of civil and criminal law and the theory of relative subordination, the NFT has two levels of legitimate interests — «data + property interests», and can also be associated with other related rights depending on its mapping. Metadata violations are subject to regulation as computer technology crimes and highly specialized data crimes; illegal acquisition of a token ID is regulated as a property crime. In cases where both the interests of data and property, as well as related legal interests, are violated, the theory of the multiple counts of crimes is applied to qualify the crime.
A Fine as a Type and Measure of Punishment for Unconditional Crimes of Corruption
Authors: Ivanova A. A.
Published: February 2025

The paper examines a fine as a type of criminal punishment and a measure of a criminal legal nature in relation to corrupt practices. Unconditional crimes form a «core» corruption crime, which is considered to be the primary object of the state anti-corruption policy. A brief historical insight and analysis of changes in the modern criminal legislation of the Russian Federation related to the introduction of new types of fines — multiple and court, allowed us to identify the main trends in anti-corruption policy. A multiple fine is fully consistent with its spirit and goals, therefore it can be considered as an indicator of its further development. The paper presents and vividly demonstrates the results of a study of judicial practice regarding the application of various types of fines for unconditional corruption crimes for the period 2019–2023, the results of a survey of convicted respondents and judges during a criminological study conducted by the author as part of an interregional research team in 2018–2020. It is shown that the legal norms governing the type, method of calculation and the amount of the fine are quite flexible. Gaps in legislation have been identified related to the types of punishments and ways to determine their amounts in the sanctions of the analyzed articles, with various types of fines and options for calculating them, and with the lack of clear criteria for replacing fines with other types of punishment. The difficulties in imposing a fine by a law enforcement officer are shown. The lack of uniformity in judicial practice has been demonstrated, which does not fully achieve the objectives of the fine. The conclusion is made about the insufficient effectiveness and preventive function of the fine. The proposals aimed at eliminating gaps in legislation are substantiated.
Development of Legal Regulation of Synthetic Biology: Integration and Legal Aspect
Authors: Nechaeva E. K. , Nekoteneva M. V. , Kubyshkin A. V.
Published: February 2025

The paper is devoted to the study of the legal regulation of public relations in the field of synthetic biology. The purpose of the paper is to identify the key features of the concept of «synthetic biology»; to conduct a study of regulatory legal acts at the global level, the level of interstate integration associations, and the Russian Federation, which are devoted to regulation in the field of synthetic biology; to identify the main aspects and directions in which the concept of «synthetic biology» is used; to formulate proposals for the legal regulation of relevant relations at the at the level of the Russian Federation. The various definitions of the concept of «synthetic biology» in Russian and foreign doctrinal sources, as well as in international legal documents and documents of international organizations are analyzed. The analysis of the statutory regulation of public relations in the field of synthetic biology is carried out. The research utilizes dogmatic and formal logical methods, an axiological approach and a method of comparison. Based on the results of the analysis, the essential features of the concept of «synthetic biology» are identified, conclusions are drawn about the main aspects and directions in which this concept is used. Proposals have been formulated for the legal regulation of relevant relations at the level of the Russian Federation, according to which it is advisable to develop regulation of the use of synthetic biology technologies for the possible creation of pathogenic organisms and other threats in the field of biosafety, while regulating the use of synthetic biology technologies in other areas is impractical, since the relevant public relations fall under existing regulation in more general areas — regulation of scientific research and regulation in the field of biotechnology, bioeconomics, and genetic technologies.
Мусор как репрезентация социального
Authors: Кожаринова Анна Ростиславовна
Published: February 2025

В статье отмечается, что пространство современного города представляет собой палимпсест (сложный культурный текст), в котором традиционное культурные слои в значительной степени разрушаются, а поверх них располагаются новые слои постмодернистской культуры, пронизанные отсылками к множеству неочевидных смыслов. Накопление мусора в городе является серьезной экологической проблемой. Однако, помимо этого очевидного смысла, автор отмечает, что в современной урбанистической среде мусор не просто продолжает оставаться результатом жизнедеятельности горожан, но приобретает и новую, символическую, сущность. Мусор становится отражением многих негативных социальных процессов, например, таких как неравенство, доминирование общества потребления, кризис идентичности, неразвитость экологического сознания, пренебрежение идеями устойчивого развития и общего блага, значительные ценностные трансформации массового сознания и т. д. Таким образом, мусор в современную эпоху становится метафорой социального, он делает видимыми те аспекты общественного развития, которые часто остаются за пределами нашего повседневного внимания. Количество мусора и его пространственное распределение указывает на дисфункциональные аспекты современной культуры. Мусор становится опознавательным знаком таких глубинных социокультурных процессов, как отчуждение человека от природы, общества и самого себя.
Формирование типологии моделей в педагогике
Authors: Юсупов Виталий Зуфарович
Published: February 2025

В статье существенно уточнено понятие «типология моделей» в его соотношении с понятием «класс моделей», превосходящее последнее своей универсальностью; и понятием «вид моделей», которое в отличие от двух названных используется для обозначения моделей, непосредственно замещающих объект педагогической реальности.

Обоснована правомерность выделения двух периодов построения типологии моделей в педагогике, результатом которых в последнюю четверть прошлого века стала разработка методологических основ и базовых видов педагогических моделей, а затем, в первой четверти текущего века, значительное расширение разнообразия педагогических моделей и выявление различных оснований для их объединения в классы или типы моделей при использовании этих терминов преимущественно как синонимов.

В статье выявлены наиболее распространенные в педагогической науке и образовательной практике названия видов педагогических моделей, а также оснований, отражающих схожие свойства, общие признаки для их объединения в типы и классы моделей, представляющие собой идеализированные объекты высокого уровня общности. На основе индуктивно-дедуктивного подхода построена типология моделей в педагогике, которая по своим принципиальным основаниям отражает доминирующие позиции значительной части ученых в отношении видов, классов, типов педагогических моделей.

Знание типологии моделей в педагогике особенно значимо для студентов вузов, выполняющих курсовые и выпускные квалификационные работы; аспирантов, использующих моделирование в качестве одного из приоритетных методов исследования; практических педагогических работников, для которых модель является наиболее оптимальной формой замещения объектов педагогической реальности.
Possibilities of visualization methods in diagnostic of patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism
Authors: Першина Екатерина Сергеевна , Mershina Elena , Sinitsyn Valentin , Oganesyan Anait
Published: February 2025

This article provides a short overview about existing imaging techniques in the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism. Was analyzed scientific papers by domestic and foreign authors. A review of the diagnostic algorithm, features and current difficulties for risk stratification of patients with suspected acute pulmonary embolism was conducted. The main aspects of imaging in acute thromboembolism and parameters for assessing severity are noted. The contribution of relatively new perfusion diagnostic methods, such as dual-energy computed tomography angiopulmonography, computed tomography angiopulmonography with subtraction and magnetic resonance angiopulmonography is covered. The great interest is using additional and alternativ methods of radiologic visualisation for the diagnostic acute pulmonary thromboembolism despite the existence the methods of choice. Particular attention is paid for computed tomography with the ability iodine mapping for indirect assessment of perfusion and the experience of using this method in practice. Attention is paid to the feasibility of using various visualization methods in the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism, highlighting the various advantages and future prospects in emergency medical care.
Calibration of the Strain Amplitude Recorded with DAS Using a Strainmeter Array
Authors: Forbriger Thomas , Karamzadeh Nasim , Azzola Jérôme , Gaucher Emmanuel , Widmer-Schnidrig Rudolf , Rietbrock Andreas
Published: February 2025

The power of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) lies in its ability to sample deformation signals along an optical fiber at hundreds of locations with only one interrogation unit (IU). Whereas the IU is calibrated to record “fiber strain,” the properties of the cable and its coupling to the rock control the “strain transfer rate” and hence how much of “rock strain” is represented in the recorded signal. We use DAS recordings in an underground installation near an array of strainmeters to calibrate the “strain transfer rate” in situ, using earthquake signals between 0.05 and 0.1 Hz. A tight-buffered cable and a standard loose-tube telecommunication cable (running in parallel) are used, where a section of both cables loaded down by loose sand and sandbags is compared to a section, where cables are just unreeled on the floor. The “strain transfer rate” varies between 0.13 and 0.53 depending on cable and installation type. The sandbags show no obvious effect and the tight-buffered cable generally provides a larger “strain transfer rate.” Calibration of the “strain transfer rate” with respect to the strainmeter does not depend on wave propagation parameters. Hence, it is applicable to the large-amplitude surface-wave signal in a strain component almost perpendicular to the great-circle direction for which a waveform comparison with seismometer data does not work. The noise background for “rock strain” in the investigated band is found at about a root mean square-amplitude of 0.1 nstrain in 1/6 decade for the tight-buffered cable. This allows a detection of marine microseisms at times of high microseism amplitude.
Low Pass-Through from Inflation Expectations to Income Growth Expectations: Why People Dislike Inflation
Authors: Hajdini Ina , Knotek Edward S. , Leer John , Pedemonte Mathieu , Rich Robert , Schoenle Raphael
Published: February 2025

Using a large, nationally representative survey of US consumers, we estimate a causal 20 percent pass-through from inflation expectations to income growth expectations for the average consumer, with considerable heterogeneity in pass-through associated with sociodemographic factors. The results also indicate that higher inflation expectations cause an increase in consumers' likelihood to search for higher-paying jobs but do not change the likelihood of asking for a raise, suggesting that consumers recognize significant wage rigidity with their current employer. In a calibrated search-and-matching model, we find that demand and supply shocks combined with incomplete pass-through produce a strong negative relationship between expected inflation and expected utility. Taken together, the survey results and model analysis provide a labor market account of why people dislike inflation.
Los bootcamps en acción: abriendo la caja negra
Authors: Henriquez Pauline , Navarro Juan Carlos , Vicentini Isabel Cristina
Published: February 2025

Los bootcamps de programación son programas intensivos y de corta duración diseñados para desarrollar competencias digitales avanzadas. Esta publicación presenta los resultados de un análisis cualitativo basado en entrevistas y encuestas a proveedores de bootcamps de programación reconocidos en América Latina por sus altos índices de empleabilidad entre los graduados. El objetivo es explorar los elementos distintivos de sus pedagogías, las cuales han demostrado ser eficaces en el desarrollo de habilidades digitales actualizadas y aplicables al mercado laboral. Asimismo, se examina cómo estos programas han respondido a las demandas de la industria y contribuido a la inserción laboral de sus egresados. Más allá de las competencias técnicas avanzadas, el análisis aborda el enfoque de los bootcamps en el desarrollo de habilidades socioemocionales valoradas por los empleadores, su capacidad para atender diversos perfiles de aprendizaje y la rapidez con la que adaptan sus currículos a las dinámicas cambiantes del sector. Los hallazgos destacan prácticas y reflexiones comunes entre los bootcamps más exitosos de la región. A pesar de las variaciones en sus enfoques, se identificaron elementos clave que explican su efectividad, entre ellos: Procesos rigurosos de postulación y selección para garantizar la adecuación de los participantes al programa. Diversidad en las modalidades de asistencia técnica, que incluyen el apoyo de profesores, mentores, coaches y compañeros, adaptándose a diferentes perfiles de aprendizaje. Creación de comunidades de aprendizaje que promueven bucles de retroalimentación entre la industria, los proveedores de formación y los estudiantes. Servicios de carrera personalizados y el establecimiento de redes estratégicas con empleadores. Participación activa de los instructores, quienes a menudo combinan su rol docente con experiencia profesional en la industria. En conjunto, estas prácticas han permitido a los bootcamps posicionarse como modelos efectivos de formación para satisfacer las crecientes demandas del mercado laboral digital.
AGAR PRODUCTION IN THE EUROPEAN NORTH OF THE USSR IN 1946-1970: ECONOMICAL AND ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Authors: Denikina Aleksandra
Published: February 2025

The article describes conditions of agar production in the European North of the USSR. It defines the main factors of developing and resource supply of this sphere of sea exploitation in 1946-1970. The article concludes that Russian seaweed industry has been still struggling with the inherited problems.
SCHOOL EDUCATION IN SAMARA PROVINCE IN THE 1920S
Authors: Elin Vladimir
Published: February 2025

The article describes the development of school education in the Samara province in the post-revolutionary period, identifies the role of general education institutions in the system of educational work. Based on the concrete factual material of the functioning of educational institutions, the ways of reforming schools aimed at educating active participants in building a socialist society are revealed.
THE MUSEUM AND THE GOVERNMENT: ON THE ISSUE OF PROHIBITIVE MEASURES IN THE MUSEUMS OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION 1945-1991
Authors: Zheltoukhova Dina
Published: February 2025

The article examines prohibitive measures and instruments of power in the local history museums of the Middle Volga region in 1945-1991. The author approaches the issue of power and prohibitive measures from the position of discourse-power and power-knowledge of Michel Foucault. Examples of prohibitive practices and their impact on museum work, the internal culture of museums and the perception of visitors are analyzed.
THE HISTORY OF RUSSIA IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE XX CENTURY THROUGH THE PRISM OF PERSONALITY: FROM WORLD WAR I TO THE WAR WITH JAPAN; FROM THE PINSK MARSHES TO PORT ARTHUR
Authors: Kalganov Artem
Published: February 2025

This article presents information systematized on the basis of archival documents about the life and military path of Fyodor Makaryevich Bagreev, a man who passed the First World War, the Great Patriotic War and the Soviet-Japanese War, the military commandant of Minsk, Smolensk and Port Arthur. Through the analysis of the biography of this outstanding personality, the connection of an individual with the historical path of Russia in the first half of XX century is determined.
LAND INSURANCE AGENTS: SOCIAL COMPOSITION, EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES
Authors: Bednyakova Maria
Published: February 2025

The article considers the institution of zemstvo insurance agents, analyses their role in the organisation and conduct of insurance operations, as well as the contribution of zemstvo insurance agents to the development of insurance in Russia. Particular attention is paid to the social composition of zemstvo insurance agents, their professional duties and functions, which allowed us to assess the effectiveness of this institution and its impact on the system of zemstvo insurance.
DISCUSSÕES EM DIREITO NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE: ESTUDOS SELECIONADOS
Authors: Carmo Lisbino Geraldo Miranda do , Cabral Silvia Danielly do Espirito Santo , Costa Junior Paulo Roberto Batista da , Carmo Jimmy Souza do , Costa Paulo Henrique da Silva , Brito Deise Neves Nazaré Rios , Ribeiro Raquel Moura , Miranda Neize Maria Mendes , Castelhano Marcos Vitor Costa , Maracajá Patrício Borges , Medeiros Aline Carla De , Almeida Flávio Franklin Ferreira De , Santos Gustavo Henrique Queiroz Dos , Ramalho Neto Adaci Estevam , Azevedo Rilawilson José de
Published: February 2025

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Capacities and Vulnerabilities Analysis (CVA) Toward Strengthening the Pug of Women Victims of Coastal Tidal Flooding in Semarang City
Authors: Nugroho Resa Septia , Purnaweni Hartuti , ‎ Kismartini
Published: February 2025

Indonesia is a country with high complexity in facing the challenges of climate change. Indonesia’s vulnerability to the negative impacts of climate change is predicted to experience rainfall intensity and temperature increases. This then causes the emergence of negative impacts, such as drought and flood risk, and also increases the risk of the emergence of other extreme events that can adversely affect human life, especially women who are in the context of vulnerable people. Climate change issues affecting vulnerable communities include those living in coastal areas, cities, and small islands. Coastal areas are vulnerable to climate change and the disasters it causes. Women victims of tidal flooding (coastal) have a high vulnerability that is detrimental. Strategies and policies are needed to address these issues. This study aims to analyze the vulnerability and capacity of women flood victims to produce strategies for strengthening gender mainstreaming of tidal floods in Semarang City. The capacities and vulnerabilities analysis (CVA) technique is used to reveal women’s capacity or ability to deal with unfavorable circumstances or tidal flood emergencies. The assessment of capacities and weaknesses in the CVA technique includes three categories, namely, (1) physical aspects, (2) social aspects, and (3) motivational aspects.
Trends, Issues, and Future Directions of Decentralization in Unitary State Research: Bibliometric Analyses from 1975-2024
Authors: ‎ Sajida , Muluk Mujibur Rahman Khairul , Durrety Shinta Fatimah
Published: February 2025

This study presents the overall bibliometric analysis for the period 1975-2024 of research into decentralization in unitary states. This research was conductede to cover the voids existing in this field, such as the systematic examination of the evolution in themes, key contributors, and mapping of collaborative networks. These documents were analyzed using the Bibliometrix package in R Studio. The main findings of the study show a significant increase in publications over the years, culminating in 2016. From the thematic breakdown, a shift from foundational concepts to practical implications, such as public management and accountability. The study further identifies emerging trends, including how decentralization is being influenced by global challenges like COVID-19, making the need for resilient local governance systems, and bridging the role of decentralized structures in managing public health crises. This paper contributes to an overview of the research landscape, guiding future research directions and informing policy. It underscores the dynamism and interdisciplinarity of research in decentralization up a notch higher to be relevant to improving governance in unitary states.
Public Service Transformation: A Lean Government Study of the Passport Management Process at the Indonesian Consulate in Darwin, Australia
Authors: Aprillya Ni Putu Nanda , Pinatih I Gusti Ayu Agung Dewi Sucitawathi
Published: February 2025

This study aims to determine the performance of passport services at the Consulate of the Republic of Indonesia in Darwin, Australia for the satisfaction of Indonesian citizens in Darwin. More specifically, to determine the service process at the Consulate of the Republic of Indonesia in Darwin based on the principles of lean government, and to find out the supporting and inhibiting factors in the application of lean government principles in passport processing services. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The results showed that the application of Lean Government principles in passport processing services at the Consulate of the Republic of Indonesia in Darwin, Australia has great potential to improve efficiency and service quality. There are important lessons to be learned, when comparing the passport management system in Indonesia. In Indonesia, passport processing often faces challenges such as a lack of clear information and bureaucratic processes. Using an online registration system not only speeds up the process but also creates a more positive experience for applicants. The consulate were able to reduce time and resources, which is often a problem in Indonesia. Resistance to change and limited resources in consulates are similar to those in the country. It is therefore important for consulates to continually communicate the benefits of change, provide sufficient resources, and address existing regulatory barriers to optimize services.
A Complete Story of Organizational Excellence: Mainstreaming Islamic Perspective Into Organizational Development Discourse
Authors: ‎ Syakrani , Azkar Nurul
Published: February 2025

Imam Malik bin Anas (May Allah Almighty have mercy on him) reminded that the ummah cannot be as great as the best generation of the past as long as they are not developed in a waythat the best generation was developed by the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. This article explores, theoretically, the reasons why Islamic perspectives must be mainstreamed into an unnegotiable theoretical foundation for organizational development, especially for public bureaucracy reform in the next time to come, toward world-class bureaucracy.
W cieniu „wiejskich katedr”. Sakralna architektura drewniana z obszaru diecezji sandomierskiej i kieleckiej na przełomie XIX i XX wieku na wybranych przykładach
Authors: Rutkowska-Siuda Daria
Published: February 2025

Na początku XIX wieku na obszarze Królestwa Polskiego przeważała architektura drewniana. Dominowała ona również w architekturze sakralnej. Niniejszy artykuł skupia się na analizie wybranych przykładów kościołów rzymskokatolickich z obszaru Diecezji Sandomierskiej i Kieleckiej. Obiekty m.in. z Dzierzgowa, Miedzierzy, Policznej, Olbierzowic, Kielc, Zborówka, pozwalają na zaobserwowanie szerokiego spektrum problemów dosięgających ten typ budownictwa: od prób ochrony, przez przekształcenia niszczące często zabytkową wartość, po całkowite zastąpienie obiektami murowanymi, w których cieniu przyszło mu odchodzić. Dla lepszego zrozumienia niektórych przemian formalnych bryły i rodzajów prowadzonych prac, przytaczane są opisy źródłowe pochodzące z dokumentacji archiwalnej oraz periodyków.
Sztuka instalacji jako ślad procesu artystycznego
Authors: Sztabińska-Kałowska Paulina
Published: February 2025

W artykule skupiam się na rozważeniu sztuki instalacji jako śladu procesu artystycznego. Zagadnienie to wystąpiło wyraźnie w związku z action painting i twórczością Jacksona Pollocka. Krytycy sztuki zwracali uwagę, że w przypadku malarstwa amerykańskiego artysty, wykonanie obrazu przestawało być celem działań. Tym, co prezentowano publicznie był obraz, czyli płaszczyzna pokryta plamami barwnymi. Jednak właściwości tego wytworu sugerowały wyraźnie konieczność uwzględnienia czynności, które doprowadziły do jego powstania, wzięcia pod uwagę stosowanej przez Pollocka techniki malarskiej określanej jako dripping. Później, w latach 50. i 60., tendencja ta znalazła rozwinięcie w happeningach i events. Teoretycy happeningu wskazywali na action painting jako jedno ze źródeł owej twórczości. Możliwość przekształcenia happeningu w instalację i odwrotnie, właściwie od początku była zawarta w koncepcji obu tych zjawisk artystycznych. Również w sztuce performance, „pozostałości” po działaniu artysty często traktowane są jako obiekty, instalacje. W artykule omówię przykłady działań artystów (między innymi Allana Kaprowa, Josepha Beuysa, Marcina Berdyszaka, Juliana H. Raczko i innych), w przypadku których powstałe instalacje są zapisem ich działań, swoistym śladem po nich.
Serum levels of the soluble transmembrane adhesion molecule P-cadherin in healthy women and in patients with malignant and benign ovarian tumors
Authors: Kushlinskii Nikolay E. , Kovaleva Olga V. , Gratchev Alexei N. , Kulikova Svetlana E. , Gugnin Frol A. , Nezhdanova Svetlana Y. , Tsekatunov Dmitry A. , Ryzhavskaya Irina B. , Kushlinskiy Dmitry N. , Zybina Natalya N. , Gershtein Elena S. , Stilidi Ivan S.
Published: February 2025

Background: Cadherins are calcium-dependent transmembrane glycoproteins whose extracellular domains mediate homophilic intercellular interactions. Their soluble forms (s-cadherins), generated through proteolytic cleavage of transmembrane proteins or alternative mRNA splicing, are not anchored in the cell membrane and circulate in the extracellular space or peripheral blood. In the context of carcinogenesis, the role of P-cadherin remains a matter of debate: some studies associate P-cadherin with tumor growth suppression, while others indicate its tumor-promoting properties. Publications on the significance of the soluble P-cadherin in various disorders are scarce.
Aim: To perform a comparative analysis of serum sP-cadherin levels in healthy women and in patients with malignant and benign ovarian tumors to assess the clinical significance of the marker.
Methods: The retrospective study included 56 patients with epithelial malignant ovarian tumors (median age 57 years), 10 patients with benign ovarian tumors (median age 55 years), and 11 healthy women (median age 56 years) who underwent examination and treatment from 2023 to 2024 in three oncology clinics. Serum levels of sP-cadherin before the initiation of specific treatment were determined with the Human P-Cadherin ELISA Kit (RayBiotech, USA).
Results: In the ovarian cancer group, the majority of the patients had the serous type of the tumor (n = 46, 82%), stage III to IV of the disease (n = 45, 80%), T3 and T4 tumors (n = 42, 75%), mostly without regional (N0: n = 41, 73%) and distant metastases (M0: n = 43, 77%). The results of the ROC analysis showed that serum levels of the soluble P-cadherin could not be used as a reliable diagnostic criterion for ovarian malignancies: the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.793 (confidence interval 0.671 to 0.915; p = 0.002). At the optimal cut-off value of 3.01 ng/mL, the test’s sensitivity and specificity were 77% and 73%, respectively. The serum sP-cadherin levels did not show a significant correlation with the key clinical and morphological characteristics of ovarian cancer.
Conclusion: Patients with ovarian cancer have an increased serum sP-cadherin level. Further research on this glycoprotein to assess its role in disease outcomes and chemotherapy efficacy is expedient.
Genetic Mapping of QTLs for Agronomic Traits in Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.)
Authors: Pandit Diwakar Kumar , Sinha Sweta , Kumar Anand , Nahakpam Sareeta , Thakur Dharamsheela
Published: February 2025

Background: Pigeonpea plays a crucial role in providing food and nutritional security to the people across the world. Productivity of pigeonpea has remained very low and stagnant over last five decades because of low genetic potential, poor plant type and longer crop duration of the existing cultivars. There is need to restructure the plant type through genomic tools to enhance the productivity. Therefore, the present study was done to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with key agronomic traits, including plant height, number of primary and secondary branches, number of pods per plant, pod length and number of seed per pod. Methods: A population of 144 F2:3 lines derived from cross between genetically diverse genotypes ICPL84023 and ICP7035 was used to construct a linkage map using SSR markers. Result: All phenotypic traits varied widely and skewness value for plant height, pod length, and seed per pod was less than 1.0 and for number of primary branch, secondary branch and pod per plant it was more than 1.0. Single marker analysis detected 7 SSR markers associated with 5 agronomic traits; CcGM17620 located on LG_Cc8, showed maximum phenotypic variance of 19.33% for plant height. Composite interval mapping identified 2 QTLs, qPH5.1 and qPH8.1 with PVE of 3.57% and 72.52% respectively and one QTL, qPD3.1 for number of pod per plant with PVE of 8.11%. The QTLs identified in this study provide a strong foundation for further validation and fine mapping for utilization in pigeonpea improvement program.
Seed Yield Stability Assessment in Advanced Breeding Lines of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) using Ammi and GGE Biplot Analysis
Authors: . Bharat , . Laxuman , . Shudeer , Spoorthi S.R. , . Channabasava , . Shivaji , . Revanasiddayya
Published: February 2025

Background: Climate change has led to temperature variations affecting chickpea crops in dry and semi-arid regions. Late-sown crops are exposed to high temperatures during their reproductive phases, while early-sown crops experience low temperatures during their vegetative stages. A set of fourteen chickpea genotypes were evaluated for seed yield stability under five different sowing dates during 2022-23 to identify lines with heat and moisture stress tolerance. The results aim to determine the best sowing time for optimal growth and yield. Methods: A study was conducted during the Rabi season of 2022-2023 to assess the yield performance of fourteen chickpea genotypes, including Advanced Breeding Lines and released varieties, at ZARS, Kalaburagi. The genotypes were sown on five dates and evaluated using the AMMI model and GGE biplot analysis to examine genotype-environment interactions and yield stability. Result: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) across five environments (ENV-1 to ENV-5) revealed significant genotypic differences in all environments indicating the presence of substantial amount of variability among the evaluated genotypes. Further, the principal components (PCs) obtained from the genotype ´ environment interaction studies were highly significant. The first principal component (PC1) accounts for 51.1% of the interaction variation, while PC2, PC3 and PC4 explain an additional 20.2%, 19.2% and 9.5%, respectively, together accounting for 100% of the interaction variation. Interaction principal component analysis (IPCA) scores from AMMI helped identify genotypes with consistent performance and those with specific adaptive responses. Based on all models, genotypes G1 (KCD-11) and G7 (GBM-2) emerge as the top performers, offering the highest yields and superior stability. Therefore, these genotypes could be recommended to farmers for various sowing dates.