bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Étude de cas d’une jeune orthorexique
Authors: Thibault Isabelle , Pauzé Robert , Lavoie Eric , Pesant Caroline , Beauregard Carmen , Caron Lisbeth , Fortier Marjolaine , Mercier Marie
Published: June 2017

La symptomatologie de l’orthorexie est de plus en plus objet d’intérêt, mais ce trouble et les caractéristiques associées demeurent peu circonscrits. Cette étude de cas portant sur une adolescente vise à mieux définir les caractéristiques de l’orthorexie et à tenter de les distinguer de celles de l’anorexie. Selon les données d’évaluation, cette adolescente estime avoir perdu trop de poids et souhaite en reprendre. Elle est excessivement préoccupée par les questions relatives à la santé et présente des traits obsessionnels se manifestant dans les conduites alimentaires ou l’exercice physique. Le fonctionnement personnel, social et familial est affecté par le trouble.
Depletion of cdc‐25.3, a Caenorhabditis elegans orthologue of cdc25, increases physiological germline apoptosis
Authors: Sung Minhee , Kawasaki Ichiro , Shim Yhong‐Hee
Published: June 2017

In Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodites, physiological germline apoptosis is higher in cdc‐25.3 mutants than in wild‐type. The elevated germline apoptosis in cdc‐25.3 mutants seems to be induced by accumulation of double‐stranded DNA breaks (DSBs). Both DNA damage and synapsis checkpoint genes are required to increase the germline apoptosis. Notably, the number of germ cells that lose P‐granule components, PGL‐1 and PGL‐3, increase in cdc‐25.3 mutants, and the increase in germline apoptosis requires the activity of SIR‐2.1, a Sirtuin orthologue. These results suggest that elevation of germline apoptosis in cdc‐25.3 mutants is induced by accumulation of DSBs, leading to a loss of PGL‐1 and PGL‐3 in germ cells, which promotes cytoplasmic translocation of SIR‐2.1, and finally activates the core apoptotic machinery.
Global variation of transpiration and soil evaporation and the role of their major climate drivers
Authors: Zhang Yongqiang , Chiew Francis H. S. , Peña‐Arancibia Jorge , Sun Fubao , Li Hongxia , Leuning Ray
Published: June 2017

Although global variation in actual evapotranspiration has been widely investigated, it remains unclear how its two major components, transpiration and soil evaporation, are driven by climate drivers across global land surface. This paper uses a well‐validated, process‐based model that estimates transpiration and soil evaporation, and for the first time investigates and quantifies how the main global drivers, associated to vegetation process and the water and energy cycle, drive the spatiotemporal variation of the two components. The results show that transpiration and soil evaporation dominate the variance of actual evapotranspiration in wet and dry regions, respectively. Dry southern hemisphere from 13°S to 27°S is highlighted since it contributes to 21% global soil evaporation variance, with only 11% global land area. In wet regions, particularly in the humid tropics, there are strong correlations between transpiration, actual evapotranspiration, and potential evapotranspiration, with precipitation playing a relatively minor role, and available radiative energy is the major contributor to the interannual variability in transpiration and actual evapotranspiration in Amazonia. Conversely in dry regions, there are strong correlations between soil evaporation, actual evapotranspiration, and precipitation. Our findings highlight that ecohydrological links are highly related to climate regimes, and the small region such as Australia has important contribution to interannual variation in global soil evaporation and evapotranspiration, and anthropogenic activities strongly influence the variances in irrigation regions.
Magnetic Oxides
Authors: Greedan John E.
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this chapter is twofold. The first is to provide an introduction to the magnetic properties of matter such that the reader will be able to appreciate the basic details of research papers concerning magnetic oxides. The second is to illustrate the wide range of magnetic behaviors exhibited by magnetic oxides through some well‐chosen examples from the literature from the past few decades to the present. Emphasis has been placed on oxides with the perovskite and related structures such as the Ruddlesden–Popper phases, A‐site and B‐site ordered perovskites, pillared perovskites, and materials with structures related to the hexagonal perovskites. As well, the field of geometrically frustrated magnetic materials is reviewed with emphasis on materials with the pyrochlore, spinel, double perovskite, and related structures. Phenomena exhibited by such compounds include colossal magnetoresistance, charge and orbital ordering, half‐metallic ferromagnetism, low‐dimensional magnetism, spin glass, spin liquid, and spin ice ordering, among others.
Relationship Between Fish Consumption and Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Tedeschi Sara K. , Bathon Joan M. , Giles Jon T. , Lin Tzu‐Chieh , Yoshida Kazuki , Solomon Daniel H.
Published: June 2017

Objective

To assess whether more frequent fish consumption is associated with lower rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity scores among participants in an RA cohort.

Methods

We conducted a cross‐sectional analysis using baseline data from participants in the Evaluation of Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease and Predictors of Events in Rheumatoid Arthritis cohort study. Frequency of fish consumption was assessed by a baseline food frequency questionnaire assessing usual diet in the past year. Multivariable, total energy–adjusted linear regression models provided effect estimates and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for frequency of fish consumption (i.e., never to <1 time/month, 1 time/month to <1 time/week, 1 time/week, and ≥2 times/week) on baseline Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) using the C‐reactive protein (CRP) level. We also estimated the difference in DAS28‐CRP associated with increasing fish consumption by 1 serving per week.

Results

Among 176 participants, the median DAS28‐CRP score was 3.5 (interquartile range 2.9–4.3). In an adjusted linear regression model, subjects consuming fish ≥2 times/week had a significantly lower DAS28‐CRP compared with subjects who ate fish never to <1 time/month (difference −0.49 [95% CI −0.97, −0.02]). For each additional serving of fish per week, DAS28‐CRP was significantly reduced by 0.18 (95% CI −0.35, −0.004).

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that higher intake of fish may be associated with lower disease activity in RA patients.
Directional Matrix Nanotopography with Varied Sizes for Engineering Wound Healing
Authors: Kim Jangho , Bae Won‐Gyu , Kim Yeon Ju , Seonwoo Hoon , Choung Han‐Wool , Jang Kyoung‐Je , Park Sunho , Kim Bog Hee , Kim Hong‐Nam , Choi Kyoung Soon , Kim Myung‐Sun , Choung Pill‐Hoon , Choung Yun‐Hoon , Chung Jong Hoon
Published: June 2017

Topographic features play a crucial role in the regulation of physiologically relevant cell and tissue functions. Here, an analysis of feature‐size‐dependent cell–nanoarchitecture interactions is reported using an array of scaffolds in the form of uniformly spaced ridge/groove structures for engineering wound healing. The ridge and groove widths of nanopatterns are varied from 300 to 800 nm and the nanotopography features are classified into three size ranges: dense (300–400 nm), intermediate (500–600 nm), and sparse (700–800 nm). On these matrices, fibroblasts demonstrate a biphasic trend of cell body and nucleus elongation showing the maximum at intermediate feature density, whereas maximum migration speed is observed at the dense case with monotonic decrease upon increasing feature size. The directional organization of cell‐synthesized fibronectin fibers can be regulated differently via the nanotopographical features. In an in vitro wound healing model, the covering rate of cell‐free regions is maximized on the dense nanotopography and decreased with increasing feature size, showing direct correlation with the trend of migration speed. It is demonstrated that the properties of repaired tissue matrices in the process of wound healing may be controlled via the feature‐size‐dependent cell–nanoarchitecture interactions, which can be an important consideration for designing tissue engineering scaffolds.
Antipulverization Electrode Based on Low‐Carbon Triple‐Shelled Superstructures for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zu Lianhai , Su Qingmei , Zhu Feng , Chen Bingjie , Lu Huanhuan , Peng Chengxin , He Ting , Du Gaohui , He Pengfei , Chen Kai , Yang Shihe , Yang Jinhu , Peng Huisheng
Published: June 2017

The realization of antipulverization electrode structures, especially using low‐carbon‐content anode materials, is crucial for developing high‐energy and long‐life lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs); however, this technology remains challenging. This study shows that SnO2 triple‐shelled hollow superstructures (TSHSs) with a low carbon content (4.83%) constructed by layer‐by‐layer assembly of various nanostructure units can withstand a huge volume expansion of ≈231.8% and deliver a high reversible capacity of 1099 mAh g−1 even after 1450 cycles. These values represent the best comprehensive performance in SnO2‐based anodes to date. Mechanics simulations and in situ transmission electron microscopy suggest that the TSHSs enable a self‐synergistic structure‐preservation behavior upon lithiation/delithiation, protecting the superstructures from collapse and guaranteeing the electrode structural integrity during long‐term cycling. Specifically, the outer shells during lithiation processes are fully lithiated, preventing the overlithiation and the collapse of the inner shells; in turn, in delithiation processes, the underlithiated inner shells work as robust cores to support the huge volume contraction of the outer shells; meanwhile, the middle shells with abundant pores offer sufficient space to accommodate the volume change from the outer shell during both lithiation and delithiation. This study opens a new avenue in the development of high‐performance LIBs for practical energy applications.
Bis‐Tridentate Ir(III) Metal Phosphors for Efficient Deep‐Blue Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Kuo Hsin‐Hung , Chen Yi‐Ting , Devereux Leon R. , Wu Chung‐Chih , Fox Mark A. , Kuei Chu‐Yun , Chi Yun , Lee Gene‐Hsiang
Published: June 2017

Emissive Ir(III) metal complexes possessing two tridentate chelates (bis‐tridentate) are known to be more robust compared to those with three bidentate chelates (tris‐bidentate). Here, the deep‐blue‐emitting, bis‐tridentate Ir(III) metal phosphors bearing both the dicarbene pincer ancillary such as 2,6‐diimidazolylidene benzene and the 6‐pyrazolyl‐2‐phenoxylpyridine chromophoric chelate are synthesized. A deep‐blue organic light‐emitting diode from one phosphor exhibits Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE(x,y)) coordinates of (0.15, 0.17) with maximum external quantum efficiency (max. EQE) of 20.7% and EQE = 14.6% at the practical brightness of 100 cd m−2.
Xq26.1‐26.3 duplication including MOSPD1 and GPC3 identified in boy with short stature and double outlet right ventricle
Authors: Hirota Yukiko , Minami Takaomi , Sato Tomoyuki , Yokomizo Akiko , Matsumoto Auimi , Goto Masahide , Jinbo Eriko , Yamamgata Takanori
Published: June 2017

Xq25q26 duplication syndrome has been reported in individuals with clinical features such as short stature, intellectual disability, syndromic facial appearance, small hands and feet, and genital abnormalities. The symptoms are related to critical chromosome regions including Xq26.1‐26.3. In this particular syndrome, no patient with congenital heart disease was previously reported. Here, we report a 6‐year‐old boy with typical symptoms of Xq25q26 duplication syndrome and double outlet right ventricle (DORV) with pulmonary atresia (PA). He had the common duplicated region of Xq25q26 duplication syndrome extending to the distal region including the MOSPD1 locus. MOSPD1 regulates transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) 2,3 and may be responsible for cardiac development including DORV. In the patient's lymphocytes, mRNA expression of TGFβ2 was lower than control, and might cause DORV as it does in TGFβ2‐deficient mice. Therefore, MOSPD1 is a possible candidate gene for DORV, probably in combination with GPC3. Further studies of the combined functions of MOSPD1 and GPC3 are needed, and identification of additional patients with MOSPD1 and GPC3 duplication should be pursued.
Effect of Selective CF3 Substitution on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Gold Corroles
Authors: Sudhakar Kolanu , Mizrahi Amir , Kosa Monica , Fridman Natalia , Tumanskii Boris , Saphier Magal , Gross Zeev
Published: June 2017

Gold corroles are not readily accessible and they display no interesting physical or chemical properties. A facile methodology has now been developed for obtaining selectively CF3‐substituted gold(III) corroles and the introduction of these groups has been found to have an immense effect on the structures of the complexes, their photophysical and redox properties, and on their ability to participate in catalytic processes.
Synthesis, characterization, electronic structure, and non‐linear optical properties (NLO) of Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes with 5‐phenylazo‐8‐hydroxyquinoline using DFT approach
Authors: Abdel‐Latif Samir A. , Moustafa H.
Published: June 2017

5‐phenylazo‐8‐hydroxyquinoline and its newly metal complexes with Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) metal ions have been prepared and characterized using different analytical techniques. The complexes are distorted octahedral binding via one oxygen and nitrogen atoms of the ligand; two/three coordinated water molecules. 1:1 complexes contain one chloride or OH− ion and some complexes have one or two water of hydration whereas 1:2 complexes contain only two coordinated water molecules in their coordination spheres. All complexes behave as neutral in dimethylformamide (DMF). The electronic structure and non‐linear optical parameters NLO of the complexes (ML and ML2) are investigated theoretically at the B3LYP/GEN level of theory. The geometries of the studied complexes are non‐planner. The calculated EHOMO and ELUMO energies of the studied complexes were used to calculate the global properties; hardness (η), global softness (S) and electronegativity (χ). The total dipole moment (μtot), static total and anisotropy of polarizability (α, Δα) and static first hyperpolarizability (β) values were calculated and compared with urea as a reference compound. The studied complexes show promising optical properties.
Dietary TiO2 particles modulate expression of hormone‐related genes in Bombyx mori
Authors: Shi Guofang , Zhan Pengfei , Jin Weiming , Fei JianMing , Zhao Lihua
Published: June 2017

Silkworm (Bombyx mori) is an economically beneficial insect. Its growth and development are regulated by endogenous hormones. In the present study, we found that feeding titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NP) caused a significant increase of body size. TiO2NP stimulated the transcription of several genes, including the insulin‐related hormone bombyxin, PI3K/Akt/TOR (where PI3K is phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase and TOR is target of rapamycin), and the adenosine 5′‐monophosphateactivated protein kinase (AMPK)/target of rapamycin (TOR) pathways. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis documented 26 developmental hormone signaling related genes that were differentially expressed following dietary TiO2NP treatment. qPCR analysis confirmed the upregulation of insulin/ecdysteroid signaling genes, such as bombyxin B‐1, bombyxin B‐4, bombyxin B‐7, MAPK, P70S6K, PI3k, eIF4E, E75, ecdysteroid receptor (EcR), and insulin‐related peptide binding protein precursor 2 (IBP2). We infer from the upregulated expression of bombyxins and the signaling network that they act in bombyxin‐stimulated ecdysteroidogenesis.
Knockdown of TOR causing ovarian diapause in a genetically stable brachypterous strain of Nilaparvata lugens
Authors: Liu Fangzhou , Li Kaiyin , Cai Wanlun , Zhao Jing , Zou Yulan , Hua Hongxia
Published: June 2017

Brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), is one of the most damaging pests of rice crops. BPH is a migratory insect with a delayed ovarian development in migrants classified as reproductive diapause. The molecular mechanism of reproductive diapause remains unclear, although we suspect it might be regulated by one or more nutrient signaling pathways. The target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway regulates cell growth in response to nutritional information, which raised a hypothesis that TOR mediates BPH reproductive diapause. We used a pure brachypterous strain (BS) and a predominantly macropterous strain (MS) to investigate the roles of NlTOR in BPH reproductive diapause. We found that NlTOR is expressed from the nymphal to adult stages, with a higher expression level of NlTOR in BS adults at 1, 2, and 4 days posteclosion than in MS at the same time points. Injection of dsNlTOR into BS nymphs resulted in the termination of BPH female ovary development and the retardation of nymph development. We infer that TOR signaling functions in BPH reproductive diapause by regulating the expression of NlFoxA and NlVitellogenin.
Prevalence of Orofacial Clefts among Live Births in China: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Wang Mengying , Yuan Yuan , Wang Zifan , Liu Dongjing , Wang Zhuqing , Sun Feng , Wang Ping , Zhu Hongping , Li Jing , Wu Tao , Beaty Terri H.
Published: June 2017

Background

Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are common human birth defects in China. However, studies on the prevalence of OFCs present inconsistent results. The overall prevalence and geographic distribution of OFCs are poorly described in China. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to estimate the prevalence of OFCs.

Methods

The systematic review and meta‐analysis were conducted on the basis of an established protocol (PROSPERO 2015: CRD42015030198). We systematically searched for articles in four electronic databases, including Embase, PubMed, Wanfang Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) to identify relevant studies about prevalence of OFCs in China. Meta‐analysis, including subgroup analysis, was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence.

Results

A total of 41 studies published between 1986 and 2015 were included in our analysis. The sample size ranged from 2,586 to 4,611,808 live births. The random‐effects model of meta‐analysis showed that the overall prevalence of OFCs in China was 1.4 per 1000 live births (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–1.7). In subgroup analysis based on geographic regions, we found that OFC prevalence in Southwest (2.3 per 1000 live births, 95% CI, 1.1–4.7) was higher than that in other regions of China. There were no significant time trends of OFCs during the study period (p‐value = 0.47).

Conclusion

The overall prevalence of OFCs in China was 1.4 per 1000 live births. No significant secular trend of prevalence has been found in this analysis. Further studies need to be conducted to explore the etiology of OFC to better control the risk of this common birth defect. Birth Defects Research 109:1011–1019, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Contribution to the reduction‐induced fluorescence enhancement of natural organic matter: Aromatic ketones outweigh quinones
Authors: Xie Pengfei , Zhou Lei , Zhang Zhiguo , Ma Jiahai
Published: June 2017

This work involves the comparison of the fluorescence excitation − emission matrices of different low‐molecular‐weight carbonyl compounds and natural organic matter (NOM). The aim is to determine if quinone or aromatic ketone groups are more responsible for the reduction‐induced fluorescence enhancement of NOM. After reduction, the aromatic ketones showed a significantly greater fluorescence change than the quinones, proving that the former play a more important role. Further analysis of the fluorescence of the NOM samples after re‐oxidization by oxygen with a Cu2+ catalyst, provided additional reliable evidence in support of the dominant role of aromatic ketones in the fluorescence change. This work demonstrates that aromatic ketone moieties should be given more attention when considering the physicochemical properties of NOM and related environmental processes.
Electrochemical Degradation of Tetracycline Hydrochloride in Aqueous Medium by (B4C/C)‐β‐PbO2 Electrode
Authors: Xie Tingting , Hu Hongtao , Chen Donghui , Sun Pengzhe
Published: June 2017

(B4C/C)‐β‐PbO2
electrodes were prepared by high‐pressure molding technique and characterized by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, polarization curves, cyclic voltammetry curves, and corrosion resistance test. In this paper, the effects of initial concentration, current density, electrolyte concentration, pH, and electrode spacing on tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) degradation were investigated. Results indicated that modified electrode had high electrochemical activities, high oxygen evolution potential, and excellent corrosion resistance. The maximum removal rate of TCH could reach 90.87% at initial concentration of 300 mg/L after 120 min electrolysis with Na2SO4
concentration of 0.2 mol/L, electrode spacing of 1 cm, current density of 30 mA/cm2, and pH 3. Pseudo‐first‐order kinetics equation was followed during electrocatalytic degradation of TCH with 20%(B4C/C)‐β‐PbO2
electrode.
Prophylactic chorioretinectomy for eye injuries with high proliferative‐vitreoretinopathy risk
Authors: Kuhn Ferenc , Schrader Wolfgang
Published: June 2017

With its incidence exceeding 60%, proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) remains the most important pathology responsible for loss of vision, even the eyeball, after certain types of severe trauma. In this article, we present results obtained using our novel surgical technique, prophylactic chorioretinectomy (PCR), to prevent the development of PVR. Data on severely injured eyes at high risk for PVR [rupture, posterior laceration, deep‐impact intraocular foreign body (IOFB) trauma, perforating injury] were collected prospectively. All eyes underwent vitrectomy (PPV) by PCR within 100 hr of the trauma. Eyes were excluded if they presented with endophthalmitis or if the reconstructive surgery was performed outside this time frame. Forty eyes of 40 consecutive patients were analyzed; full follow‐up information was obtained for all of them. The injury was rupture in 27%, penetrating in 15%, (deep‐impact) IOFB in 35%, and perforating in 23%. PPV‐PCR was performed during primary (wound closure) surgery in 59% of cases. All eyes had at least minimal vitreous hemorrhage, and none had a true posterior vitreous detachment. At the time of PPV, 30% of the eyes had a retinal detachment. Sixteen percent developed PVR, but none from the site of the PCR procedure. In 20%, silicone oil remained in the eye at the last follow‐up. The visual acuity improved in 93% of eyes and worsened in none; the improvement was mostly due to surgical clearing of the media opacity. In this subgroup of eyes with severe open‐globe trauma, over 60% are expected to develop PVR. PPV/PCR performed within 100 hr reduced the PVR risk significantly, so currently it remains the best option for the surgeon. Clin. Anat. 31:28–38, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of Flower‐like Cu3[MoO4]2O from Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 and Its Application for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Structure‐Electrochemical Property Relationships
Authors: Swain Basudev , Lee Duk‐Hee , Kim Jun‐Sik , Lee Chan‐Gi , Kim Dong‐Wan , Park Kyung‐Soo
Published: June 2017

Flower‐like Cu3[MoO4]2O microspheres have been synthesized by using a sequential process from lindgrenite (Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2). Lindgrenite nanoflowers were synthesized through a simpler route by using an aqueous chemical precipitation technique at room temperature without any surfactants or template. Subsequently, 3D flower‐like Cu3[MoO4]2O microspheres have been synthesized by annealing at 300 °C for 2 h from lindgrenite (Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2). From the XRD pattern, FTIR spectrum, SEM and TEM analysis, flower‐like Cu3[MoO4]2O (ca. 5 μm) microspheres have been obtained, which were assembled from 3–4 nm thick nanosheets with an orthorhombic structure. Application of 3D flower‐like microspheres as an anode material for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) has been investigated and the possible electrochemical mechanism is analyzed. Electrochemical characterization of the Cu3[MoO4]2O nanoflowers as an anode material for LIBs has exhibited good cycle stability and a high coulombic efficiency during operation. The electrochemical activity was attributed to the unique structure of the Cu3[MoO4]2O microspheres, which provide more active sites for Li‐ion storage as well as a reduced transfer resistance. This work has explored a simple synthesis strategy for the synthesis of flower‐like Cu3[MoO4]2O microspheres without templates, additives, or surfactants, which exhibit a basis for not only high electrochemical performance in reversible Li storage, but also cycle stability.
Green Synthesis of A2SiF6 (A=Li–Cs) Nanoparticles using Ionic Liquids as Solvents and as Fluorine Sources: A Simple Approach without HF
Authors: Olchowka Jacob , Suta Markus , Wickleder Claudia
Published: June 2017

In this Communication, nanoparticles of the fluoridosilicates A2SiF6 (A=Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs), which are extremely promising host lattices for future LEDs, are presented for the first time. The preparation method we introduce here is a very simple and energy and time saving one, moreover the usage of toxic HF or elemental fluorine is avoided. In detail, the ionic liquid [Bmim]PF6 was used both as solvent and fluoride source in an ionothermally assisted microwave synthesis. The small size of the so‐obtained nanoparticles is of huge relevance for their applications as thin films or for the coverage of surfaces, for example in next‐generation white LEDs upon doping with Mn4+.
Exciton coupling between enones: Quassinoids revisited
Authors: Pescitelli Gennaro , Di Bari Lorenzo
Published: June 2017

The electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra of two previously reported quassinoids containing a pair of enone chromophores are revisited to gain insight into the consistency and applicability of the exciton chirality method. Our study is based on time‐dependent Density Functional Theory calculations, transition and orbital analysis, and numerical exciton coupling calculations. In quassin (1) the enone/enone exciton coupling is quasi‐degenerate, yielding strong rotational strengths that account for the observed ECD spectrum in the enone π‐π* region. In perforalactone C (2) the nondegenerate coupling produces weak rotational strengths, and the ECD spectrum is dominated by other mechanisms of optical activity. We remark the necessity of a careful application of the nondegenerate exciton coupling method in similar cases.
Repeated procedures at the generator pocket are a determinant of implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator infection
Authors: Arana‐Rueda Eduardo , Pedrote Alonso , Frutos‐López Manuel , Acosta Juan , Jauregui Beatriz , García‐Riesco Lorena , Arce‐León Álvaro , Gómez‐Pulido Federico , Sánchez‐Brotons Juan A. , Gutiérrez‐Carretero Encarnación , de Alarcón‐González Arístides
Published: June 2017

Background

Rates of cardiac‐device infections have increased in recent years, but the current incidence and risk factors for infection in patients with implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators (ICDs) are not well known.

Hypothesis

The increasing number of ICD infections is related to accumulated pocket manipulations over time.

Methods

This single‐center, prospective study included patients that underwent ICD implantation from 2008 to 2015. The endpoint was time to infection. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors related to infection.

Results

The study included a total of 570 patients, of whom 419 (73.5%) underwent a first implantation. Mean age was 59 ± 14 years, and 80% were male. During a median follow‐up of 36 months (interquartile range, 18–61 months; 1887 patient‐years), infection was identified in 26 patients (4.56%), an incidence of 14.9 × 1000 patient‐years. Median time to infection was 9.7 months (interquartile range, 1.35–23.4 months), and 38.5% were late infections (beyond 12 months of follow‐up). In patients with replacement implants, the incidence was 3‐fold higher than in first implantations (27.7 vs 9.1 × 1000 patient‐years; P = 0.002). Cox regression identified 2 independent predictors of ICD infection: cumulative number of interventions at the generator pocket (hazard ratio: 1.92, 95% confidence interval: 1.42‐2.6, P < 0.001) and pocket hematoma (hazard ratio: 7.0, 95% confidence interval: 2.7‐17.9, P < 0.0001).

Conclusions

The incidence of infection in ICD patients is greater than previously reported, largely due to late infections. Each new cumulative intervention at the same generator pocket nearly doubles the risk of infection.
Fluctuations of TASEP on a Ring in Relaxation Time Scale
Authors: Baik Jinho , Liu Zhipeng
Published: June 2017

We consider the totally asymmetric simple exclusion process on a ring with flat and step initial conditions. We assume that the size of the ring and the number of particles tend to infinity proportionally and evaluate the fluctuations of tagged particles and currents. The crossover from the KPZ dynamics to the equilibrium dynamics occurs when the time is proportional to the 3/2 power of the ring size. We compute the limiting distributions in this relaxation time scale. The analysis is based on an explicit formula of the finite‐time one‐point distribution obtained from the coordinate Bethe ansatz method. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Overview of Transgenic Mouse Models of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPNs)
Authors: Dunbar Andrew , Nazir Abbas , Levine Ross
Published: June 2017

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are a class of hematologic diseases characterized by aberrant proliferation of one or more myeloid lineages and progressive bone marrow fibrosis. In 2005, seminal work by multiple groups identified the JAK2V617F mutation in a significant fraction of MPN patients. Since that time, murine models of JAK2V617F have greatly enhanced the understanding of the role of aberrant JAK‐STAT signaling in MPN pathogenesis and have provided an in vivo pre‐clinical platform that can be used to develop novel therapies. From early retroviral transduction models to transgenics, and ultimately conditional knock‐ins, murine models have established that JAK2V617F alone can induce an MPN‐like syndrome in vivo. However, additional mutations co‐occur with JAK2V617F in MPNs, often in proteins involved in epigenetic regulation that can dramatically influence disease outcomes. In vivo modeling of these mutations in the context of JAK2V617F has provided additional insights into the role of epigenetic dysregulation in augmenting MPN hematopoiesis. In this overview, early murine model development of JAK2V617F is described, with an analysis of its effects on the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell niche and interactions with downstream signaling elements. This is followed by a description of more recent in vivo models developed for evaluating the effect of concomitant mutations in epigenetic modifiers on MPN maintenance and progression. Mouse models of other driver mutations in MPNs, including primarily calreticulin (CALR) and Tpo‐receptor (MPL), which occur in a significant percentage of MPN patients with wild‐type JAK2, are also briefly reviewed. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
An Above‐Room‐Temperature Phase Transition with Dielectric‐Switching Properties in a Halogenobismuthate(III) – Tris(Cyclohexylmethylammonium) Pentabromobismuthate(III) Bromide
Authors: Yin Zi , Gao Ji‐Xing , Chen Hai‐Peng , Liao Wei‐Qiang
Published: June 2017

A one‐dimensional halogenobismuthate(III), [CMA]3·[BiBr5]·[Br] (1, CMA = cyclohexylmethylammonium), is discovered as a high‐temperature phase‐transition material with reversible and switchable dielectric behavior. Compound 1 undergoes a solid‐state phase transition at TC = 401.6 K, as confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), variable‐temperature single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, variable‐temperature powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), and dielectric measurements. Compound 1 crystalizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c in the room‐temperature phase (RTP). The asymmetric unit of 1 consists of three independent CMA cations, one isolated Br– anion, and one [BiBr5]2– anion, which extends along the c axis to form a one‐dimensional zigzag chain through corner‐sharing BiBr6 octahedra. Interestingly, the temperature‐dependent dielectric constants display striking steplike dielectric anomalies with two distinct dielectric states below and above TC; therefore, 1 could be conceived to be an appealing candidate for dielectric switches. It is believed that this finding might pave the way to the exploration and design of high‐temperature phase‐transition materials for practical applications.
Species-specific metabolism of naphthalene and phenanthrene in 3 species of marine teleosts exposed to Deepwater Horizon crude oil
Authors: Pulster Erin L. , Main Kevan , Wetzel Dana , Murawski Steve
Published: June 2017

The 2 most abundant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) measured in Deepwater Horizon crude oil, naphthalene and phenanthrene, and their associated homologs have both been shown to be acutely toxic in fish. Although fish have a relatively high metabolic capacity for PAHs, hydroxylated PAH (OH-PAH) derivatives formed during the initial metabolic response can negatively impact the health of fish. Species-specific metabolism of naphthalene and phenanthrene was evaluated in 3 marine teleosts, red drum (Scianops ocellatus), Florida pompano (Trachinotus carolinus), and southern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma). Fish were exposed to Deepwater Horizon crude oil by intraperitoneal injections at time 0 and 48 h, with bile sampling events at 24 and 72 h post injection. The data suggested metabolic induction in Florida pompano and red drum, whereas southern flounder may have demonstrated metabolic fatigue. By 24 h post injection, overall profiles of red drum and southern flounder were dominated by hydroxylated phenanthrene metabolites; conversely, the Florida pompano profiles were dominated by monohydroxylated naphthalenes. In addition, Florida pompano had faster overall relative biotransformation rates, suggesting their potential decreased susceptibility to adverse effects. Red drum and southern flounder had much lower relative biotransformation rates, indicating their probable susceptibility to adverse outcomes after naphthalene and phenanthrene exposures. To our knowledge, the present study is the first to investigate monohydroxylated PAHs in fish exposed to Deepwater Horizon oil. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:3168–3176. © 2017 © 2017 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
Recovery from reproductive and morphological abnormalities in medaka (Oryzias latipes) following a 14-day exposure to diclofenac
Authors: Yokota Hirofumi , Higashi Kaho , Hanada Erina , Matsuzaki Ei , Tsuruda Yukinari , Suzuki Tomoko , Nakano Eiko , Eguchi Sayaka
Published: June 2017

Mating pairs of medaka (Oryzias latipes) were exposed to diclofenac at measured concentrations of 0 (control), 7.1, 37, and 78 μg/L for 14 d under static-renewal conditions. Effects on reproductive success, as well as morphological abnormalities, of the fish were assessed. During the exposure period, both fecundity and fertility were significantly decreased in the 37- and 78-μg/L treatment groups, and swollen abdomens in females were observed in all exposure groups. Notably, a defect of the lower jaw was also observed in 4 male fish: 2 at 37 μg/L and 2 at 78 μg/L of diclofenac. Subsequently, we investigated whether the reproductive and morphological abnormalities induced by diclofenac would be permanent or reversible once the medaka were returned to clean water. The reproductive ability of paired medaka was gradually restored to fish that were cultured in clean water for 14 d. After this period in clean water, we also observed a noticeable decrease in swollen abdomens in females; however, mandibular defects in the males remained, even after the 14-d recovery period. Radiographic and histochemical examinations revealed that diclofenac might affect bone remodeling in the lower jaw of male medaka because of a disruption in osteoclast function. These results suggest that reproductive impairments in pairs of medaka exposed to diclofenac may be reversible but that skeletal deformities (i.e., mandibular defect) in males may be persistent. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:3277–3283. © 2017 SETAC
Mechanical damage to green and red lentil seeds
Authors: Shahbazi Feizollah , Valizade Saman , Dowlatshah Ali
Published: June 2017

In this research, the breakage susceptibility of two classes of lentil (green and red) was evaluated as affected by impact energy and seed moisture content. The experiments were conducted at impact energies of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 J, and moisture contents of 10, 12.5, 15, 17.5, 20 and 25% (wet basis). Results showed that red lentil seeds had more breakage than green seeds and the difference in breakage percentage between green and red lentil seeds was significant at 0.01% level according to analysis of variance (p < .01). Percentage breakage of both green and red lentil seeds increased as the energy of impact increased. With increasing the seed moisture content of the both green and red lentils, the breakage percentage of seeds decreased. The average values of seeds breakage green and red lentil seeds varied from 100 to 67.7% and from 100 to 93.1%, respectively, as the seeds moisture content increased from 10 to 25%. The optimum seed moisture at which minimum damage was observed was 17.5% for green lentil and 15% for red lentil. Mathematical relationships composed of lentil seeds moisture content and energy of impact were developed for accurate description of the breakage percentage of green and red lentil seeds under impact loading.
Ultraviolet light‐C increases antioxidant capacity of the strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) in vitro and in high‐fat diet‐induced obese rats
Authors: Oviedo‐Solís Cecilia I. , Sandoval‐Salazar Cuauhtémoc , Lozoya‐Gloria Edmundo , Maldonado‐Aguilera Genaro A. , Aguilar‐Zavala Herlinda , Beltrán‐Campos Vicente , Pérez‐Vázquez Victoriano , Ramírez‐Emiliano Joel
Published: June 2017

Flavonoids and polyphenols from the strawberry and other fruits have been proposed to reduce the oxidative stress produced by the obesity and her complications. Moreover, it has been proposed that irradiation with UV‐C to strawberry may increase the antioxidant capacity of this fruit. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of the UV‐C on antioxidant capacity of strawberry in vitro and in vivo. Strawberry slices were irradiated with ultraviolet light‐C (UV‐C) at 1.2 W/m2/16.5 min; then, the power antioxidant was isolated from the nonirradiated and irradiated strawberry slices into an organic phase, which was lyophilized to finally producing a nonirradiated strawberry extract (NSE) and UV‐irradiated strawberry extract (UViSE) powder. After the antioxidant capacity of both extracts were determined in vitro using the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay and in vivo using high‐fat diet‐induced obese rats. Our results demonstrated that irradiation with UV‐C to strawberry slices increased the antioxidants content, which was corroborated in vitro, where the antioxidant capacity of UViSE was higher than the NSE. However, in obese rats, the reduction in the oxidative damage by the UViSE and NSE were similar in peripheral tissues. Interestingly, the UViSE was better than the NSE to reduce the oxidative damage in brain. In conclusion, UV‐irradiation increases the antioxidants content of strawberry that is correlated with an increased antioxidant capacity in vitro, but in rats, this antioxidant capacity may be more effective in brain than in peripheral tissues.
The earliest Panamanian pottery: Reconstructing production and distribution of Monagrillo ceramics through petrographic provenance analysis
Authors: Iizuka Fumie
Published: June 2017

Monagrillo pottery (ca. 4500‐3200 14C yr B.P.) is the earliest in Panama and one of the first ceramics in the New World. It is found in two distinct site types: (1) shell‐bearing middens of the northeastern Azuero Peninsula and (2) rock shelters of the Pacific plains, foothils, and cordillera, and the Caribbean slopes of central Panama. Here, I present a study that sources Monagrillo ceramics using petrography to distinguish locally produced from transported wares. Results indicate that ceramics were mainly produced in two zones: northeastern Azuero, and the Pacific slopes around Río Grande. Diachronic changes in ceramic sources were not observed. A number of vessels found in the Pacific plains rock shelters in the intermediate area were wares transported from both production zones. Most ceramics from the Caribbean slopes were manufactured on the Pacific slopes. As the first systematic pottery sourcing project conducted in Panama, this research provides the basis for future evaluations of degrees of sedentism, patterns of human mobility, and exchange, which can improve the knowledge of the context of ceramic origins in New World tropics.
Long‐term survival after surveillance and treatment in patients with chronic viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Tong Myron J. , Rosinski Alexander A. , Huynh Claiborne T. , Raman Steven S. , Lu David S.K.
Published: June 2017

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the main cause of mortality in patients with chronic viral hepatitis (CVH). We determined the impact of surveillance and treatments on long‐term outcomes in patients with CVH who developed HCC. Between 1984 and 2014, 333 patients with HCC and with hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus infection were evaluated. An adjusted lead time bias interval was added to patients with HCC who presented with HCC (no surveillance), and their survival was compared to patients whose HCC was detected by surveillance. After HCC treatments, survival rates within and beyond 3 years of follow‐up were compared. In 175 (53%) patients, HCC was detected through surveillance using alpha‐fetoprotein and abdominal ultrasound examinations. Compared to 158 (47%) patients with HCC who had no surveillance, more patients with HCC detected by surveillance received surgical and locoregional treatments (P <  0.0001 to P <  0.001), and their 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year overall and disease‐free survival rates were significantly higher (P <  0.001 for both). During the first 3 years of follow‐up, patients with HCC receiving liver transplantation had similar survival rates as those with liver resection or radiofrequency ablation (RFA); however, due to HCC recurrence, survival in resection and RFA patients became significantly less when followed beyond 3 years (P =  0.001 to P =  0.04). Factors associated with mortality included tumors beyond University of California at San Francisco criteria (hazard ratio [HR] 2.02; P <  0.0001), Child‐Pugh class B and C (HR, 1.58‐2.26; P =  0.043 to P =  0.015, respectively), alpha‐fetoprotein per log ng/mL increase (HR, 1.30; P <  0.0001), previous antiviral therapy in hepatitis B virus patients (HR, 0.62; P =  0.032), and treatments other than liver transplantation (HR, 2.38‐6.45; P <  0.0001 to P < 0.003).

Conclusion. Patients with HCC detected by surveillance had prolonged survival. Due to HCC recurrence, survival rates after liver resection and RFA were lower when followed beyond 3 years after treatments. (Hepatology Communications 2017;1:595–608)
Bitter Gourd Response to Surface and Subsurface Drip Irrigation under Different Fertigation Levels
Authors: Mali Santosh S. , Jha B.K. , Singh Ranveer , Meena Mukesh
Published: June 2017

A 2‐year field experiment was conducted to investigate bitter gourd response to surface drip irrigation (DI, D0) and subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) at 5, 10 and 15 cm (D05, D10 and D15 respectively) in interaction with four fertigation levels (F1 50: 30: 30; F2 100: 60: 60; F3 120: 90: 90 and F4 150: 120: 120 kg NPK ha−1). It was observed that SDI having D10 and D15 treatments maintained a relatively drier soil surface and maintained higher soil water content in the crop root zone, providing more favourable conditions for plant growth. Vine length and fruit weight were less responsive to differences in lateral depth than marketable yield. Bitter gourd yield was significantly higher (21.9 and 21.2 t ha−1) under D10 and D15. At all fertigation levels, SDI recorded higher irrigation water productivity (IWP) over DI. Highest IWP (5.98 and 6.33 t ha−1 mm−1 in 2010–2011 and 2011–2012) was obtained under D10 treatments at the F4 level of fertigation. SDI fertigation level (F4) increased yields by increasing the mean weight of the fruits, and also by increasing fruit number. SDI with 10 cm depth of lateral placement and F4 level of fertigation is recommended as an optimum practice for improving yield and IWP of bitter gourd. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of a classification model for non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) using confocal Raman micro‐spectroscopy
Authors: Yan Jie , Yu Yang , Kang Jeon Woong , Tam Zhi Yang , Xu Shuoyu , Fong Eliza Li Shan , Singh Surya Pratap , Song Ziwei , Tucker‐Kellogg Lisa , So Peter T. C. , Yu Hanry
Published: June 2017

Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disorder in developed countries [1]. A subset of individuals with NAFLD progress to non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), an advanced form of NAFLD which predisposes individuals to cirrhosis, liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. The current gold standard for NASH diagnosis and staging is based on histological evaluation, which is largely semi‐quantitative and subjective. To address the need for an automated and objective approach to NASH detection, we combined Raman micro‐spectroscopy and machine learning techniques to develop a classification model based on a well‐established NASH mouse model, using spectrum pre‐processing, biochemical component analysis (BCA) and logistic regression. By employing a selected pool of biochemical components, we identified biochemical changes specific to NASH and show that the classification model is capable of accurately detecting NASH (AUC=0.85–0.87) in mice. The unique biochemical fingerprint generated in this study may serve as a useful criterion to be leveraged for further validation in clinical samples.
Cetuximab‐conjugated nanodiamonds drug delivery system for enhanced targeting therapy and 3D Raman imaging
Authors: Li Dandan , Chen Xin , Wang Hong , Liu Jie , Zheng Meiling , Fu Yang , Yu Yuan , Zhi Jinfang
Published: June 2017

In this study, a multicomponent nanodiamonds (NDs)‐based targeting drug delivery system, cetuximab‐NDs‐cisplatin bioconjugate, combining both specific targeting and enhanced therapeutic efficacy capabilities, is developed and characterized. The specific targeting ability of cetuximab‐NDs‐cisplatin system on human liver hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells is evaluated through epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) blocking experiments, since EGFR is over‐expressed on HepG2 cell membrane. Besides, cytotoxic evaluation confirms that cetuximab‐NDs‐cisplatin system could significantly inhibit the growth of HepG2 cells, and the therapeutic activity of this system is proven to be better than that of both nonspecific NDs‐cisplatin conjugate and specific EGF‐NDs‐cisplatin conjugate. Furthermore, a 3‐dimensional (3D) Raman imaging technique is utilized to visualize the targeting efficacy and enhanced internalization of cetuximab‐NDs‐cisplatin system in HepG2 cells, using the NDs existing in the bioconjugate as Raman probes, based on the characteristic Raman signal of NDs at 1332 cm−1. These advantageous properties of cetuximab‐NDs‐cisplatin system propose a prospective imaging and treatment tool for further diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.