bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of the Profile of Low-Noise Gear Pump Gears with Low Pulsation
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Skibinskyi Оleksandr , Gnatuk Andriy ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Hodunko Maksym ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Bohatyrov Dmytro ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Seliekhova Valentyna ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: August 2023

Low-noise gear pumps with non-involute gear profiles, which have undeniable advantages over pumps with involute gear profiles (low noise characteristics, low pressure and volumetric pulsation, inseparability of gear contact), have not gained wide popularity due to difficulties in designing and manufacturing the working profiles of the gears. Companies manufacturing low-noise pumps provide only promotional information, while information about the meshing geometry, profile, and manufacturing technology is practically absent. The aim of the research is to obtain universal formulas for calculating the complex sinusoidal profile of gears for low-noise pumps. This will allow designing sinusoidal meshings with different input parameters (number of teeth, center distance, etc.). Additionally, for the helical sinusoidal meshing, it is necessary to derive a formula for determining the minimum tooth helix angle that ensures inseparability of contact in the meshing. Several stages are involved in obtaining the universal formulas. In the first stage, the construction of a base sinusoidal curve is performed. The obtained profile is not mutually enveloping, meaning that when positioning the gears at the center distance and forming the meshing, there is interference of curves. Hence the need for forming a unified profile where both gears have identical profiles and can be processed by the same tool. In the second stage, the generation of the conjugate gear profile is performed as an enveloping family of circular sine waves, by rolling a dividing circle of the sine wave around the generating circle of the formed gear. Segments of this profile will be further involved in forming the final gear profile. In the third stage, the circular sine wave and its enveloping positions are overlaid to a common center of coordinates. As a result, the conjugate profile points lying on the dividing circle are formed. The unification of the gear profile is achieved by removing certain sections of the curve within the dedendum and addendum, while the remaining sections that have a common tangent at the end points of the conjugation form the final gear profile. As a result of the conducted research, a mathematical apparatus has been developed that allows building gear tooth profiles for low-noise gear pumps with arbitrary geometric parameters and number of teeth. The minimum value of the tooth helix angle required to ensure contact inseparability and absence of clearances has been determined.
Numerical Modeling of Elastic Hysteresis of Loose Material
Authors:   Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, Dnipro, Ukraine, Ivliev Vitalii
Published: August 2023

The elastic hysteresis of bulk material is an important problem in many fields of science and technology, including mining and metallurgy, construction, energy, and engineering. This is due to the fact that loose materials consist of a large number of particles that can shift relative to each other under the influence of external loads. This process is accompanied by energy losses and changes in the shape of the material structure, which in turn leads to elastic hysteresis. Knowledge of material behavior under various loading conditions is essential for developing safe and effective engineering solutions. The purpose of the research is to determine the parameters of the deformation of loose material (for example, granular material) depending on its physical and mechanical properties in the Simcenter STAR-CCM+ software package. The elastic hysteresis loop reflects the behavior of the material under cyclic loading, when strain and stress changes occur. Loop area is a measure of material energy losses that occur during cyclic loading. As a result of numerical modeling of the process of deformation of loose material (on the example of granular material), the regression equations of the second order of the dependences of the area of the elastic hysteresis loop and the maximum force value at 25% relative deformation of the granular material from its physical and mechanical properties (density, Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus) were obtained. The presented results can be used in further modeling or in the creation of physico-mathematical models of the process of compression of grain material in granulators, extruders and expanders.
Results of Experimental Studies of the Selection and Seed Trier
Authors:   Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, Dnipro, Ukraine, Aliiev Elchyn , Lupko Kristina ,   Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, Dnipro, Ukraine
Published: August 2023

The goal is experimental substantiation of the main parameters and modes of operation of the selection and seed trier of small-seeded crops, development of the work algorithm and software of the corresponding mechatronic system. For conducting experimental research, a laboratory selection and seed trier was developed and created. To change the rotation frequency of the cylinder and the direction of rotation, the Arduino UNO control board and the L298N DC motor driver were used. The frequency and direction of rotation of the cylinder can be controlled manually using a potentiometer and automatically using the Arduino IDE monitor port. The working body of the trier is a cylinder, which consists of plates with shells. As a result of experimental studies of the process of separation of small-seeded crops on a laboratory cylindrical shell trier, the dependences of the change in the minimum θmin and maximum θmax angles of seed exit from the cylinder shell of the trier on the mass of the seed material M0, the rotation frequency of the cylinder n and the content of impurities f0 were obtained. The resulting dependencies are fed into the mechatronic control system software, which allows the position of the seed tray to be adjusted as a result of servo control.
Registro de Câncer: Importância e Problemática
Authors: Mirra Antonio Pedro
Published: August 2023

Relatório apresentado à mesa redonda da V Jornada Brasileira de Cancerologia - Belo Horizonte de 2 a 7 de julho de 1967.
The Possibilities of Cure of the Hodgkin’s Disease Patient
Authors: Burchenal Joseph , Kaplan Henry S. , Ultmann John E. , Kamofsky David A. , Peters M. Vera
Published: August 2023

Apresentações e palestras feitas no Simpósio Internacional sobre Doença De Hodgkin, realizado no Instituto Nacional de Câncer no Rio de Janeiro — 16 a 20 de Janeiro de 1967.
Aspectos Moleculares da Regeneração de Fígado de Rato. I - Atividade da Aspartato Transcarbamilase em Função do Tempo de Regeneração em Fígado de Ratos Submetidos a Hepatectomia Parcial
Authors: Mello Fernando G. , Salek Mario P. C. , Samel Cyro C. , Preza Paulo C. A. , Faria Mauro C.
Published: August 2023

A Aspartato Transcarbamilase foi estudada em fígado de rato em regeneração. Sua atividade sofre um aumento em função do tempo de regeneração, com aumento de até 47% sobre sua atividade basal na décima segunda hora após a hepatectomia.
O Caranguejo a Campanha e o Concurso
Authors: Berditchevsky David I.
Published: August 2023

A Campanha Nacional de Combate ao Câncer que, entre muitas tarefas importantes, se destina a coordenar em todo território nacional as atividades públicas, e privadas de Prevenção e Diagnóstico Precoce, vem de criar uma imagem nova dentro de conceitos modernos de comunicação, com o objetivo de divulgar, por atitudes de alerta e não de alarme, uma nova filosofia de luta contra o câncer. Para êsse fim foi lançado um Concurso de Logotipo pelo Prof. Adayr Eiras de Araújo, Superintendente da CNCC e com a Assistência do Dr. Lourival Perri Chefaly, onde a publicação do respectivo edital pela imprensa proporcionou condições psicológicas para a futura adoção de um nôvo símbolo identificador da campanha na luta contra o câncer. Increveram-se 116 concorrentes com trabalhos de várias partes do País. A Campanha Nacional de Combate ao Câncer, na entrega do prêmio ao vencedor, organizou uma exposição para apresentar o l.° colocado, os que obtiveram Menção Honrosa e mais 12 trabalhos selecionados pela Comissão Julgadora. O autor do trabalho vencedor, Sr. Roberto Mario da Silva Vasconcellos Filho, “Roma”, recebeu do Superintendente da CNCC, Prof. Adayr Eiras de Araújo, um cheque de NCrS 1,000,00 e do Supervisor de Grupos e Eventos, da VARIG, Sr. Henrique Gonçalves Magalhães, uma passagem para qualquer ponto do território nacional.
La imagen es la clave: ausencia unilateral de una rama de la arteria pulmonar
Authors: Blanca Jover Enrique , Bueno García Maria del Mar , Lozano White Amy , Gómez Nievas José Antonio , Uberos Fernández Jose
Published: August 2023

La ausencia unilateral de una rama de la arteria pulmonar (AURAP) es una entidad infrecuente y subdiagnosticada. Con expresión clínica variada sobre todo respiratoria, y más frecuentemente asociada a patología cardiaca congénita, puede presentarse aisladamente y permanecer asintomática largo tiempo. No hay consenso sobre su tratamiento, reservado a las complicaciones, principalmente hipertensión pulmonar, hemoptisis o infecciones respiratorias recurrentes. Objetivo: Describir dos casos de AURAP identificados en edades precoces, y la utilidad de las imágenes rutinarias para su diagnóstico. Casos Clínicos: Se presentan dos lactantes asintomáticos remitidos para evaluación cardiológica. El primero, con diagnóstico prenatal de arco aórtico derecho, derivado al mes de vida para descartar anomalías asociadas. En la ecocardiografía se constató AURAP izquierda aislada, apoyada con radiología básica. La angiotomografía confirmó AURAP e hipoplasia de pulmón izquierdo. Se decidió sólo seguimiento clínico. El segundo, neonato de 2 semanas derivado por hallazgo de soplo sistólico. Se diagnosticó ecocardiográficamente agenesia de rama pulmonar derecha sin otros defectos asociados, confirmado con angiotomografía. Radiografía torácica básica inicialmente sin alteraciones. En control a las 6 semanas se identificó colapso pulmonar derecho. Se decidió seguimiento clínico. Ambos casos fueron sospechados mediante ecocardiografía, se confirmaron con angiotomografía. Con 1,5 años y 6 meses respectivamente, presentaron buena evolución, buen crecimiento, y control estrecho de los procesos respiratorios intercurrentes. Conclusiones: La AURAP puede cursar sin síntomas cuando se presenta aisladamente, y pasar desapercibida. Mediante los métodos de imagen simple entre los que destaca la ecocardiografía puede sospecharse, debiendo confirmarse posteriormente mediante la realización de angiotomografía o angioresonancia.
Caracterización de fuerza, resistencia y función pulmonar en sujetos con enfermedades neuromusculares con el polimorfismo R577X del gen ACTN3
Authors: Cifuentes-Silva Eduardo , Bueno-Buker Daniel , Pastene-Maureira Constanza , Pacheco-Valles Alejandro
Published: August 2023

El polimorfismo R577X del gen ACTN3 determina la expresión de la proteína alfaactinina 3 en la musculatura humana. El genotipo homocigoto XX no logra sintetizar alfaactinina 3 y se asocia a una menor fuerza muscular que el genotipo RR. Las enfermedades neuromusculares (ENM) generan pérdida acelerada de fuerza muscular, y su relación con el gen ACTN3 no ha sido establecida. Objetivo: Describir las variables de fuerza, resistencia muscular respiratoria y función pulmonar en pacientes con ENM que presentan el polimorfismo R577X del gen ACTN3. Pacientes y Método: Estudio observacional descriptivo. Fueron evaluados 6 sujetos entre 10 y 14 años, con diagnóstico de ENM atendidos en el Hospital Dr. Exequiel González Cortés, Santiago, Chile. Fueron genotipificados con el polimorfismo R577X de ACTN3 mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR). La medición de función pulmonar se realizó con espirometría. La fuerza muscular se evaluó con Presión inspiratoria máxima (PIMax), Presión espiratoria máxima (PEMax) y Fuerza prensil manual (FPM). La resistencia muscular respiratoria fue evaluada mediante tiempo límite (TLim). Resultados: La mediana y percentil 25-75 [Med(p25-p75)] del porcentajes de límite inferior (%Li) para FPM, PIMax y PEMax fue: 36,01 (16,88-53,30)%, 68,88 (41,07-89,59)% y 38,74 (27,74-56,90)% respectivamente. La Med(p25-p75) de TLim fue 299,0 (113,3-356,3) segundos. La genotipificación del polimorfismo R577X de ACTN3: en 2 sujetos fue XX, en 2 RX y en 2 RR. Conclusiones: Los sujetos presentaron alteraciones espirométricas ventilatorias restrictivas y disminución de la fuerza muscular al contrastarlo con los valores de referencia. No se pudo establecer relación con el polimorfismo del gen ACTN3.
Importancia de la genética en la nefrología pediátrica
Authors: Lores Juliana , Pachajoa Harry , Ochoa Vanessa , Restrepo Jaime Manuel
Published: August 2023

Los avances en el campo de la genética y genómica han tenido un gran impacto en la práctica clínica del nefrólogo pediatra. El acceso a estudios genéticos diagnósticos para patologías renales permite no solo confirmar diagnósticos específicos, sino también poder brindar estrategias de manejo y seguimiento, conocimiento sobre el pronóstico y prevención de complicaciones. Adicionalmente, permite proveer asesoramiento genético al paciente y su familia, e incluso ayudar a tomar decisiones sobre trasplante de donante familiar. El objetivo de esta revisión es cubrir conocimientos básicos de genética, tecnologías disponibles para el diagnóstico genético, principales grupos de enfermedades renales que se benefician de estos estudios y la importancia de su enfoque en la práctica clínica médica. Se resalta el papel trascendente de la acción colaborativa entre nefrólogos pediatras y genetistas clínicos en un equipo multidisciplinario que conlleve a un adecuado enfoque diagnóstico en los pacientes y soporte una práctica clínica de calidad.
Estado de vitamina D en pacientes con hospitalización prolongada por enfermedades respiratorias crónicas
Authors: Riutort María Cecilia , Muñoz Massardo Eduardo , Bustos- Arriagada Edson , Muñoz Carolina , Barja Salesa
Published: August 2023

Los niños con enfermedades respiratorias crónicas (ERC) tienen alto riesgo de deficiencia de vitamina D, la cual puede agravarse en aquellos hospitalizados de forma prolongada, grupo en que se desconoce su prevalencia. Objetivo: determinar el estado de vitamina D en niños con ERC hospitalizados de forma prolongada y explorar factores de riesgo. Pacientes y Método: Estudio transversal realizado en niños con ERC del Hospital Josefina Martínez, presentes entre septiembre y diciembre de 2012. Se registraron datos demográficos, tiempo de hospitalización, antropometría, exposición solar, suplementación y aporte dietario de vitamina D. Se midió 25-Hidroxivitamina D (25(OH)D) en ng/mL, y se definió: suficiencia (> 30), insuficiencia (20 a 30) y deficiencia (< 20). Resultados: Se estudiaron 41 pacientes, 56,1% hombres, con edad mediana de 31 meses (rango: 5 a 146). 51,2% tenía además enfermedad neurológica, 61% eutróficos y 58,5% sin exposición solar. 90,2% recibía suplementación de vitamina D: 65,8% con 400 y 24,4% con 800 UI/día. La concentración promedio de 25(OH)D fue 31,02 ± 6,82 ng/mL. 61% tenía suficiencia, 34,1% insuficiencia y 4,9% deficiencia de vitamina D. Los pacientes que recibían 800 UI/día de Vitamina D tuvieron mayor 25(OH)D que aquellos con menor dosis (p = 0,032), sin existir asociación entre 25(OH)D y sexo, edad, estado nutricional, función motora, exposición solar, uso de anticonvulsivantes ni tiempo de hospitalización. Conclusión: Esta muestra de niños con ERC y hospitalización prolongada presentó alta frecuencia de estado sub-óptimo de vitamina D a pesar de recibir suplementación preventiva, lo cual justifica su adecuada monitorización y dosificación.
Evaluación del equilibrio postural en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular
Authors: Jesus Elaine Andrade de , Aragão Iapunira Catarina Sant’Anna , Aragão Felipe Matheus Sant’Anna , Feitosa Vera Lúcia Correa , Reis Francisco Prado , Aragão José Aderval
Published: August 2023

El Accidente Cerebrovascular (ACV) conduce a discapacidades de las extremidades paréticas, pero pocos estudios han investigado el impacto del ACV en los déficits de percepción, así como sus alteraciones funcionales relacionadas. Los cambios en la función motora provocados por el ACV, como la presencia de reacciones asociadas, la pérdida del mecanismo de control postural y los trastornos del tono, alteran el centro de gravedad del cuerpo, lo que genera un riesgo de caídas. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las alteraciones del equilibrio postural en pacientes con ACV utilizando la Escala POMA-Brasil (Prueba de Evaluación de la Movilidad Orientada al Rendimiento). Se realizó un estudio transversal para evaluar las alteraciones del equilibrio postural en pacientes con diagnóstico de ACV que estaban en proceso de rehabilitación en el Centro de Salud de la UNIT, en el Servicio de Fisioterapia de CEMISE y en el Centro de Rehabilitación Maria Virgínia Leite Franco, en la ciudad de Aracaju, Sergipe. La subescala B-POMA consta de 13 tareas (equilibrio sentado, levantarse de la silla, equilibrio de pie inmediato, equilibrio de pie, equilibrio con los ojos cerrados, equilibrio al girar 360°, capacidad para resistir el desplazamiento (Prueba de Empuje), girar el cuello, equilibrio en un solo pie, extensión de la columna, alcanzar hacia arriba, inclinarse hacia adelante y sentarse), que tienen como función detectar factores de riesgo de caídas en personas mayores, portadoras de discapacidades o enfermedades crónicas. Para el análisis de los datos, se utilizó estadística descriptiva para las variables numéricas, distribución de frecuencia para variables demográficas y clínicas, y número de personas por tarea, con la aplicación de la prueba de chi-cuadrado y la prueba de “t de Student”. Entre las tareas medidas según la subescala B-POMA, el equilibrio sentado fue la respuesta cualitativa más frecuente (97,5%), seguido del equilibrio inmediato de pie, los ojos cerrados e inclinarse hacia adelante. El equilibrio en un solo pie fue la tarea menos común (25%), y girar 360° la más adaptativa (62,5%). Las alteraciones del equilibrio están asociadas con el accidente cerebrovascular en lo que respecta al equilibrio dinámico. El estudio actual demostró que el equilibrio en un solo pie fue la tarea más afectada, el equilibrio al girar 360° el más adaptativo y el equilibrio sentado el menos afectado. No hubo diferencias significativas en los puntajes de equilibrio en función del sexo, la edad y el tiempo de lesión.
Exposição ambiental e ocupacional no desenvolvimento de lúpus eritematoso sistêmico em adultos: uma revisão escopo
Authors: Peres Maria Amelia dos Santos , Sousa Cristhiane Almeida Leite da , Castro Manoel Raimundo Crames , Silvestre Grasiela Cristina Silva Botelho , Santos Magno Rafael Miranda , Rocha Roseany Patricia da Silva , Neves Hilton Giovani
Published: August 2023

Introdução: O Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico (LES) é uma doença crônica e autoimune que pode afetar múltiplos órgãos e sistemas, acarretando diversos quadros clínicos podendo evoluir para à incapacidade física, dor intensa e sofrimento psicológico. A etiologia é desconhecida e envolve fatores como genéticos e ambientais. Objetivo: Mapear as evidências cientificas disponíveis em relação a influência da exposição a fatores ambientais e ocupacionais no desenvolvimento do Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico. Material e Métodos: Trata- se de uma Revisão de Escopo (RE). Foram analisados estudos publicados nas base de dados da PubMed, Embase, SCOPUS e Web of Science. Foram incluídos estudos quantitativos (descritivos e observacionais) de forma abrangente para englobar o maior número de referências associadas ao objetivo da pesquisa, sem restrição ao ano de publicação e idioma. Por meio do mnemônico PCC (População, Conceito e Contexto), foi elaborada a estratégia de busca utilizando descritores do Decs e Mesh. Foram extraídos dados referentes à identificação da publicação (título, autores, país de realização do estudo, idioma e ano de publicação), características metodológicas dos estudos (delineamento da pesquisa, objetivos do estudo, caracterização da população estudada, tipo de poluente, ambiente de exposição, resultados e conclusões) e o contexto/método em que a pesquisa foi realizada. Resultados: Foram encontrados 1.355 artigos dos quais após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, após aplicada a estratégia de busca, foram incluídos 24 estudos para a revisão os 24 estudos incluídos, 13 foram realizados nos Estados Unidos (54,17%) e todos no idioma inglês (100%). Quanto ao delineamento 37,50% (9) foram estudos de coorte e 9 (34,62%) estudos foram de caso-controle. Os principais poluentes mencionados nos estudos foram a fumaça de soldagem, a sílica (pó de quartzo), o urânio, os pesticidas e inseticidas, os solventes orgânicos, o estireno e os poluentes atmosféricos. Conclusão: por meio das evidências apresentadas foi possível concluir que populações expostas ocupacional ou ambientalmente à poluentes como a sílica, urânio, poeiras (PM 10 e PM 2,5), agrotóxicos entre outros, têm maiores chances de desenvolver o lúpus eritematoso sistêmico, porém, não foi possível fazer a associação direta entre a exposição e estes poluentes e o desenvolvimento ou a agudização da doença. Por esse motivo sugere-se o desenvolvimento de protocolos e demais estudos, afim de construir um estudo consistente sobre o tema estudado.
ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ПРОЦЕСУ ПЕРЕХОДУ СІЛЬСЬКИХ ГРОМАД ДО СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ
Authors: Наумовська Олена Іванівна , Клепко Алла Володимирівна , Бондарь Валерія Іванівна , Боголюбов Володимир Миколайович
Published: August 2023

Процес переходу сільських громад до сталого розвитку розглядається в контексті безпеки та якості життя мешканців села. У статті обґрунтовується шляхи оцінювання процесу переходу сільських об'єднаних територіальних громад до сталого розвитку. При цьому вважається доцільним врахувати національні завдання та індикатори їх виконання, визначені у 17-ти Національних Цілях сталого розвитку до 2030 року. Особлива увага приділена системі економічних та соціально-екологічних показників, які можна отримати з державних статистичних звітів. Для врахування регіональних особливостей звертається увага на розвиток регіональних автоматизованих систем моніторингу довкілля, зокрема і на територіях сільських громад. Розроблено комплекс оціночних показників для оцінювання ефективності процесу переходу сільських територіальних громад до сталого розвитку. До обов'язкових для використання оціночних показників рекомендовано такі: показник оцінки балансу вуглецю на основі прогнозованих величин; відсоток площ, зайнятих органічним виробництвом; доступ до централізованого водопостачання і водовідведення; співвідношенням нестабільних факторів (рілля, сади) до стабільних (луки, ліси); частка територій та об’єктів природно-заповідного фонду; площа лісо-вкритих територій. Рівень радіаційної безпеки оцінюється потужністю дози гамма-випромінювання, сумарною бета-активністю та вмістом радіонуклідів 137Cs та 90Sr в атмосферних опадах, а також сумарною бета-активністю та вмістом 137Cs і 90Sr у ґрунтах та поверхневих водах. З метою активізації процесів переходу до сталого розвитку сільських громад запропоновано активізувати впровадження принципів збалансованого землекористування та вдосконалити систему поводження з твердими побутовими відходами. Вважаємо також, що необхідно забезпечити організацію і проведення моніторингу досягнення Цілей сталого розвитку сільських громад.
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF THE STRUCTURE OF OPERATING EXPENSES ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Odesa National Technological University, Oshchepkov Oleksandr , Mahdenko Svitlana ,   Odesa National Technological University
Published: August 2023

The article considers the issues of the essence and structure of operating expenses, analysis of the efficiency of their use and the degree of their impact on the final results of the enterprise. The essence of the main operating activities of the enterprise is disclosed. The classification of operating expenses by economic elements and cost items is presented. rticle provides a classification of operating expenses by economic elements and cost items, as well as a classification of production costs by certain features. To confirm the theoretical provisions on the impact of the structure of operating expenses on the change in the financial results of an enterprise, an analysis of operating expenses is carried out on the example of food industry enterprises on the basis of the reporting forms for two years "Statement of Financial Results". This group of enterprises is characterized by a high level of material costs. At the same time, a number of enterprises have a significant share of other operating expenses or sales expenses. Such deviations were identified at two enterprises, which really influenced the change in the results from operating activities. The Group assessed the cost elements in the dynamics and structure, as well as by items in the formation of total operating expenses. The results of the analysis of the structure of operating expenses and total operating income made it possible to calculate the efficiency of operating expenses by determining the operating expenses profitability. Based on the results of the calculations, conclusions and proposals were made to reduce operating expenses or optimize them when setting product prices. To increase the efficiency of using operating expenses of operating activities, it is proposed to create a cost management mechanism in the structure of strategic planning of the enterprise, which would be based on the latest technical and technological principles of activity, which make it possible to process raw materials more deeply and increase the output per unit of raw materials, as well as to strengthen control over the use of raw materials by improving their accounting, especially complex cost items.
PROBLEMS OF ENERGY SUPPLY FOR MODERN AND FUTURE PUBLIC ELECTRIC TRANSPORT IN UKRAINE
Authors:   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Palant Oleksii , Pryimak Vladyslav ,   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
Published: August 2023

This article discusses the common issues of energy supply faced by most municipal enterprises of urban electric transport in Ukraine, which have been affected to some extent by military aggression, impacting their primary function of passenger transportation. The energy supply situation in Ukraine is a matter of global concern, making the topic of this article highly relevant. The article analyzes the structure of electricity generation in the unified power system of Ukraine, revealing that the cheapest electricity is produced by nuclear and hydroelectric power plants in the country, while the most expensive, known as "green" electricity, is generated by solar and wind power plants. Additionally, the article presents a diagram illustrating the changes in funding that occurred in 2023 among the ministries and departments of Ukraine compared to the budget of the previous year. An analysis is provided regarding the prospects of increasing funding for the energy sector of Ukraine during this period. Moreover, the article offers recommendations to municipal enterprises and city councils on post-war procurement of energy-efficient rolling stock for the country's public transport enterprises. These recommendations are based on the analysis of energy consumption indicators for various types of electric passenger transport, including traditional and modern hybrid urban electric transport capable of covering a certain portion of the route without being connected to power wires, thanks to battery packs. Such vehicles can be electric buses or trolleybuses with autonomous operation. The ecological aspect of these hybrid electric transport types is also considered. Hybrid electric transport models are expected to replace city transport powered by internal combustion engines. The article also separately examines the project for renewing the rolling stock of electric transport in the city of Kharkiv, which is the authors' hometown, and explores the possibilities for municipal transport enterprises in this city to increase their entrepreneurial activity by providing charging services to other electric vehicles owned by citizens under private ownership rights. The authors have developed a scheme for the development of charging infrastructure for electric cars, electric bicycles, and other similar vehicles.
MODERN APPROACHES TO DETERMINING THE EFFICIENCY OF MARKETING INVESTMENTS
Authors:   Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Sakun Hanna , Stankevych Iryna ,   Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Yatskevych Inna ,   Odesа Polytechnic National University
Published: August 2023

The article discusses modern approaches to determining the effectiveness of investments in marketing projects related to the use of innovative technologies. The process of commercialization of innovative technologies involves the modeling of value chains, as it can transform them or form new ones. When implementing the commercialization process, it should be taken into account that the economic effect can be obtained both from the sale of innovative technology and from its consumption. However, these processes cannot be considered separately, since the transfer of innovative technology without installation, maintenance, and personnel training cannot be due to the fact that it is a combination of goods and services, and its seller is included in the consumer value chain. Therefore, economic efficiency should be presented as the effect of the functioning of a new or modified value chain. These aspects determine the perspective and limits of marketing effectiveness research during the implementation of the marketing project commercialization process. An important fact presented in the article is the impossibility of discretely determining the effectiveness of marketing communications on each subsequent stage due to the complexity of the process commercialization of innovative technology marketing project. The result of obtaining an effect on each stage are the efforts (projects, programs, actions) implemented at this stage marketing communications and undertaken on previous stage of commercialization. The effects of the commercialization of innovative technologies have a multidimensional and complex structure consisting of the effects of innovations and of the marketing of innovative technologies, and in an integrated form and create an even more complex structure of effects. It becomes the main reason for the complexity of the methods of evaluating the effectiveness of marketing during the commercialization of innovative technologies. The main thesis is that the calculation is to be able to analyze all the marketing tools used in commercialization and to have enough material, information and financial resources.
STUDY OF FACTORS INFLUENCING THE FORMATION OF THE EMPLOYER BRAND
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Vonberg Tetiana , Dmytruk Serhii ,   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Lavrukhina Iryna ,   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman
Published: August 2023

The importance of conducting research on the processes of formation and development of the employer brand is substantiated in the article. The impact of the employer brand on the processes of attracting and retaining talented employees has been proven. The employer brand is defined as an important component of the company's competitiveness and success. Among the main benefits of the HR brand for the company are reduced costs for attracting and retaining highly qualified personnel; increased employee loyalty and reduced personal risks; expanded investment opportunities; and stakeholder support. It has been found that employer brand management is a rather complex process that requires systematic research, analysis and results of which have a long-term perspective. the research on the definition of the category "employer brand" has been generalized. The employer brand is considered to be a certain image that carries generalized information about the company as a whole, the working environment it creates, the possibility or lack of career development, and the corporate culture. The author proves the importance of the labor market positioning process, which includes a set of measures aimed at determining the competitive advantages of an enterprise in the labor market and their practical implementation with a view to creating an attractive image of the company as an attractive employer. The main factors influencing the employer brand are divided into internal and external. The main internal factors include organizational and corporate culture; management style; company values and mission; internal communication; availability of career development opportunities; compensation package; company size; social responsibility; job security; flexible working hours and working conditions. Among the external factors are the following: reputation in the labor market; presence of competitors; external communication (PR strategy); product brand reputation; changes in demand for the company's products; political instability in certain regions; and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is proved that successful employer brand management requires an integrated approach to forming a value proposition for employees and meeting their needs and expectations.
PROJECT MANAGEMENT OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF BUSINESS STRUCTURES IN THE CONDITIONS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   National Aviation University, Shtyk Yuliia , Skibitska Liana ,   National Aviation University, Nazarenko Oleksandra ,   National Aviation University
Published: August 2023

This article considers the principles and approaches to project management aimed at the provision of ecosystem services by business structures taking into account the principles of sustainable development. The authors emphasize the importance of an integrated approach that takes into account the interrelationships between economic, environmental and social aspects of projects. The article emphasizes the importance of involving all stakeholders and partners in order to achieve the most positive results. The essence of environmental projects and the main elements of the implementation of environmental project management have been studied. Modern approaches to environmental project management are described. Aspects of effective use of resources, measurement of results and risk management are considered in detail. It also emphasizes the importance of innovation, an ethical approach and a long-term perspective in project planning and implementation. This article is a useful resource for managers, entrepreneurs and professionals who are interested in the integration of sustainable development and business projects based on ecosystem services. The negative impact on the environment is associated with outdated management approaches and requires the development of scientific recommendations in the environmental field. The following main principles of managing the implementation of environmental projects are defined: priority, purposefulness, safety, systematicity, complexity, ensuring the most effective use. On the basis of these principles, management of ecosystem services projects can be carried out using systemic, process and situational approaches. Managing environmental projects and developing environmental strategies allows companies to develop more intensively and gain an additional competitive advantage in the market for two reasons: more appropriate use of resources and environmental management. International environmental programs and projects operate in Ukraine to prevent, effectively regulate and solve environmental and economic problems.
USE OF REENGINEERING IN PROVIDING SOCIAL SERVICES
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Ryabokon Ivan , Kravchuk Oksana ,   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Varis Iryna ,   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman
Published: August 2023

In light of the challenges of simultaneously controlling public spending and improving the efficiency and quality of social services, the relevant public institutions are facing the need to restructure, reengineer and saturate with information technology. However, the current political and economic conditions require a more effective approach to non-profit organizations whose main goal is to provide social services. In the midst of the dual challenge of managing public expenditures while also improving the efficiency and quality of social services provided, public sector organizations worldwide are currently undergoing significant transformations. This restructuring, re-engineering, and integration of information technology were once primarily applied in the realm of commercial industry. In this context, the primary task is to introduce innovations, new methods, techniques, technologies, mechanisms, and tools to improve the processes of social services provision. This task involves solving many problems that arise as a result of lack of awareness of such innovations and ways to use such technologies and implement such changes, unwillingness of individuals to reduce bureaucracy in the relevant bodies and institutions, as well as rejection of changes and unwillingness to use their benefits. In this regard, it is extremely important to create an environment in which quality services, including social services, will be provided in the most accessible way possible. An increasing number of nations are adopting a strategy that includes, among other things, implementing customer orientation, distinguishing between political and operational decisions, and managing based on results. As a result, embracing a businessfocused approach leads to a significant shift in behavior, moving away from bureaucratic concerns in organizational governance towards market-oriented priorities centered around client satisfaction. This transition involves incorporating private sector knowledge, expertise, and management practices. It is the reengineering tool that will help solve these problems and eliminate them. The use of reengineering processes implies fundamental changes in the provision of social services.
ASSESSMENT OF THE FINANCIAL RESULTS OF THE INSURANCE COMPANY
Authors:   Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Aleskerova Yuliia , Kachur Iryna ,   Vinnytsia National Agrarian University
Published: August 2023

The insurance market was studied, which is an important sector of the market infrastructure, which significantly affects the state of the financial and credit system in the country. World trends show the relationship between the level of development of the insurance business and the economic development of the state. In many developed countries of the world, insurance companies are not inferior to banking institutions in terms of concentrated capital. It is noted that the effective functioning of the insurance market provides a favorable environment for insurance protection for all business entities. It has been proven that the funds accumulated by the insurance company will be transformed into investment resources in the future, the summarizing indicator of the insurance company's financial activity is the financial result. The financial result is the basis of the economic and social development of the enterprise, which creates a financial basis for the self-financing of the enterprise's activities. In scientific literature and in practical activities, the concepts of financial result and profit are often equated. It is justified that the term "financial result" is broader than "profit", since the financial result of the enterprise can be expressed in one of two forms – profit or loss. The financial result of an insurance company is an economic summary of the financial and economic activity of the insurer for the reporting period, reflected in the form of profit or loss, which indicates the success or failure of the insurance business in quantitative and qualitative terms. In this study, the object of research is SC "UPSK". The process of evaluating financial results involves conducting an analysis that is characterized by a variety of forms. Financiers of an insurance company need to correctly assess the situation and choose exactly the form of analysis that will provide the most comprehensive information for the development of profit management measures in order to increase it. Planning the financial results of an insurance company is a rather important process that requires the calculation of forecasted indicators. After the analysis, we can come to the conclusion that the financial position of PJSC "Ukrainian Fire Insurance Company" is quite favorable. In general, during the analyzed period, the income of the insurance company decreased by UAH 213,889 thousand. This dynamic is explained mainly by the decrease in operating income, as well as by a significant decrease in insurance premiums. But the SC did not break even during the investigated period, in 2020–2021 the amount of net profit was low – 196 thousand hryvnias. and 288 thousand hryvnias. accordingly. But in 2022, the net profit of the SC amounted to UAH 57,220,000.
GOVERNMENT BONDS AS AN INVESTMENT TOOL IN PERIODS OF FINANCIAL INSTABILITY
Authors:   The National Academy of Statistics, Accounting and Audit, Bohrinovtseva Liudmyla , Verheliuk Yuliia ,   State Tax University, Kovalenko Yuliia ,   State Tax University
Published: August 2023

The war in Ukraine led to the disruption of the stability of money flows both at the microeconomic and macroeconomic levels. The financial sphere was particularly vulnerable to internal and external shocks. In this vein, the question of investing in government bonds is relevant, which, on the one hand, is necessary for the state, and on the other hand, is beneficial for investors. Issues of public debt management are directly related to the development of the securities market. The effectiveness and investment attractiveness of government bonds directly depends on the level of development of the securities market and the segment of government debt securities. The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical and practical aspects of investing in government bonds in Ukraine with emphasis on the period of financial instability caused by the war. For this purpose, the article examines the regulatory and legal principles of investing in government securities and defines the subjects of such investment. The advantages of investing in government bonds for investors and for the issuer are determined. The key for the issuer is continuous access to sources of loan capital and the ability to promptly attract financial resources to the state budget. At the same time, emphasis is placed on the fact that investing in government bonds supports the securities market, especially in a period of financial instability, which is marked by a decrease in market capitalization. For an investor, the advantages of buying government bonds are high yield, diversification of the investment portfolio and low risk of such transactions. The analysis of investment supply and investment demand for government bonds of Ukraine was carried out with the help of statistical indicators. In particular, the dynamics of indicators of the share of the State God of Ukraine, which was formed due to the sale of government bonds, were analyzed; bond yields of Ukraine (on the example of 10-year bonds), as well as the specific share of entities investing in government bonds of Ukraine. It was concluded that in order to intensify investment in government bonds of Ukraine, it is necessary to achieve prerequisites that will contribute to the creation of an efficient market of government securities.
PROPERTY TAX AS A SOURCE OF REVENUE FOR LOCAL BUDGETS
Authors:   Odessa National Economic University, Slatvinska Maryna
Published: August 2023

The article defines the role of property tax in the formation of revenues of local budgets under martial law. The share of property taxes in GDP in Ukraine and in leading foreign countries is analyzed. The factors affecting the receipt of property taxes to local budgets are outlined. The fiscal role of the property tax in tax revenues and local budget revenues over the past 5 years has been revealed. The dynamics of the structural components of the property tax in the period from 2018 to 2022 were analyzed, namely the property tax other than the land plot, the land fee and the transport tax as sources of revenue generation for local budgets. The consequences of changes made to the Tax Code of Ukraine during the period of martial law regarding property taxes in Ukraine are highlighted. Problematic aspects and shortcomings in the field of revenue generation of local budgets due to property tax in terms of its structural components were identified and directions for their elimination were proposed. The directions for eliminating the identified problems are substantiated, including the following: development of a mechanism for the population to restore the car fleet in order to increase the tax base with transport tax in the future; increasing the interest of OTGs with a higher level of their own incomes in increasing revenues from real estate tax payments; timely and complete consideration of information and its entry into the State Register of Property; taking into account the territorial location of real estate for taxation purposes; granting the right to local authorities to take into account the level of income and marital status for the purposes of collecting real estate tax; not only expensive cars, but also other mass-demand vehicles should be considered tax objects; additionally use the volume of carbon dioxide emissions, etc., as the tax base for transport tax. It has been established that in order to eliminate the identified problems and deficiencies in the functioning of property taxation and increase its fiscal role in the revenues of local budgets in the war and post-war periods, it is necessary to apply a comprehensive approach to solving a number of institutional, organizational, legislative and regulatory, material and technical, personnel, process, financial, strategic and other issues.