bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wolffia globosa–Mankai Plant-Based Protein Contains Bioactive Vitamin B12 and Is Well Absorbed in Humans
Authors: Sela Ilan , Yaskolka Meir Anat , Brandis Alexander , Krajmalnik-Brown Rosa , Zeibich Lydia , Chang Debbie , Dirks Blake , Tsaban Gal , Kaplan Alon , Rinott Ehud , Zelicha Hila , Arinos Shira , Ceglarek Uta , Isermann Berend , Lapidot Miri , Green Ralph , Shai Iris
Published: October 2020

Background: Rare plants that contain corrinoid compounds mostly comprise cobalamin analogues, which may compete with cobalamin (vitamin B12 (B12)) metabolism. We examined the presence of B12 in a cultivated strain of an aquatic plant: Wolffia globosa (Mankai), and predicted functional pathways using gut-bioreactor, and the effects of long-term Mankai consumption as a partial meat substitute, on serum B12 concentrations. Methods: We used microbiological assay, liquid-chromatography/electrospray-ionization-tandem-mass-spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and anoxic bioreactors for the B12 experiments. We explored the effect of a green Mediterranean/low-meat diet, containing 100 g of frozen Mankai shake/day, on serum B12 levels during the 18-month DIRECT-PLUS (ID:NCT03020186) weight-loss trial, compared with control and Mediterranean diet groups. Results: The B12 content of Mankai was consistent at different seasons (p = 0.76). Several cobalamin congeners (Hydroxocobalamin(OH-B12); 5-deoxyadenosylcobalamin(Ado-B12); methylcobalamin(Me-B12); cyanocobalamin(CN-B12)) were identified in Mankai extracts, whereas no pseudo B12 was detected. A higher abundance of 16S-rRNA gene amplicon sequences associated with a genome containing a KEGG ortholog involved in microbial B12 metabolism were observed, compared with control bioreactors that lacked Mankai. Following the DIRECT-PLUS intervention (n = 294 participants; retention-rate = 89%; baseline B12 = 420.5 ± 187.8 pg/mL), serum B12 increased by 5.2% in control, 9.9% in Mediterranean, and 15.4% in Mankai-containing green Mediterranean/low-meat diets (p = 0.025 between extreme groups). Conclusions: Mankai plant contains bioactive B12 compounds and could serve as a B12 plant-based food source.
Oligo-Fucoidan Improves Diabetes-Induced Renal Fibrosis via Activation of Sirt-1, GLP-1R, and Nrf2/HO-1: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study
Authors: Yu Wen-Chun , Huang Ren-Yeong , Chou Tz-Chong
Published: October 2020

Fucoidan extracted from brown algae has multiple beneficial functions. In this study, we investigated the effects of low-molecular-weight fucoidan (oligo-FO) on renal fibrosis under in vitro and in vivo diabetic conditions, and its molecular mechanisms. Advanced glycation product (AGE)-stimulated rat renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E) and diabetic mice induced by high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and nicotinamide were used. Oligo-FO treatment significantly inhibited anti-high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)/RAGE/ anti-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)/transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/TGF-β1R/Smad 2/3/fibronectin signaling pathway and HIF-1α activation in AGE-stimulated NRK-52E cells. Conversely, the expression and activity of Sirt-1; the levels of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22 (USP22), p-AMPK, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1); and Nrf2 activation were remarkably increased by oligo-FO in AGE-stimulated cells. However, the above effects of oligo-FO were greatly diminished by inhibiting Sirt-1, HO-1, or GLP-1R activity. Similar changes of these pro-fibrotic genes in the kidney and a marked attenuation of renal injury and dysfunction were observed in oligo-FO-treated diabetic mice. These findings indicated that the inhibitory effects of the oligo-FO on diabetes-evoked renal fibrosis are mediated by suppressing TGF-β1-activated pro-fibrogenic processes via Sirt-1, HO-1, and GLP-1R dependence. Collectively, fucoidan-containing foods or supplements may be potential agents for ameliorating renal diseases due to excessive fibrosis.
The Interactive Effect of High Doses of Chromium(III) and Different Iron(III) Levels on the Carbohydrate Status, Lipid Profile, and Selected Biochemical Parameters in Female Wistar Rats
Authors: Staniek Halina Zofia , Król Ewelina , Wójciak Rafał Wojciech
Published: October 2020

The aim of the study was to evaluate the main and interactive effects of chromium(III) propionate complex (Cr3) supplementation and different iron supply on the carbohydrate metabolism, lipid profile and other selected biochemical parameters of rats. The experiment was carried out in a two-factor design, in which rats were fed a diet with different proportions of Fe(III) and Cr(III) for six weeks. Fifty-four healthy female Wistar rats were divided into nine experimental groups with different Fe(III) levels, i.e. adequate—control group (45 mg/kg)—100% recommended daily dietary dose of Fe for rodents, deficient (5 mg/kg) and oversupply (180 mg/kg—400%). At the same time they were supplemented with Cr(III) of doses 1 (adequate), 50 and 500 mg/kg of diet. The activity and concentrations of most biochemical parameters were measured with standard enzymatic, kinetic, and colorimetric methods. HOMA-IR and QUICKI indexes were calculated according to appropriate formulas. It was found that there was an interactive effect of high Cr(III) doses and different Fe(III) levels in the diet on the carbohydrate metabolism and insulin resistance indexes. The presented results suggested that iron deficient diet fed animals led to insulin resistance; however, an effect is attenuated by Cr(III) supplementation at high doses. There were no significant changes in the rats’ lipid profile (except for the high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level) and most of the other biochemical parameters, such as the leptin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), total protein (TP), creatinine (Crea) and the urea (BUN) concentrations. The study proved that the Cr(III) supplementation, independently and in combination with diversified Fe(III) content in the diet, affected the carbohydrate metabolism and insulin resistance indexes but did not affect lipid profile and most of the other biochemical parameters in healthy rats. The findings proved the role of Fe and Cr(III) and their interactions on disturbances carbohydrates metabolism.
A Review of Wood Polymer Composites Rheology and Its Implications for Processing
Authors: Mazzanti Valentina , Mollica Francesco
Published: October 2020

Despite the fact that wood polymer composites are interesting materials for many different reasons, they are quite difficult to shape through standard polymer processing techniques, such as extrusion or injection molding. Rheological characterization can be very helpful for understanding the role played by the many variables that are involved in manufacturing and to achieve a good quality final product through an optimized mix of formulation and processing parameters. The main methods that have been used for the rheological characterization of these materials are capillary and parallel plate rheometry. Both are very useful: rotational rheometry is particularly convenient to investigate the compounding phase and obtain structural information on the material, while capillary viscometry is well suited to understand final manufacturing. The results available in the literature at the moment are indeed very interesting and are mostly aimed at investigating the influence of the material formulation, the additives in particular, on the structural, mechanical, and morphological properties of the composite: despite a good number of papers, though, it is difficult to draw general conclusions, as many issues are still debated. The purpose of this article was to overview the state of the art and to highlight the issues that deserve further investigation.
Potential Lidar Height, Intensity, and Ratio Parameters for Plot Dominant Species Discrimination and Volume Estimation
Authors: Park Taejin
Published: October 2020

Precise stand species classification and volume estimation are key research topics for automated forest inventory. This study aims to explore the feasibility of light detection and ranging (lidar) height, intensity, and ratio parameters for discriminating dominant species (Pinus densiflora, Larix kaempferi, and Quercus spp.) and estimating volume at plot scale. To achieve these objectives, multiple linear discriminant and regression analyses were utilized after a separate selection of explanatory variables from extracted 38 lidar height, intensity, and ratio parameters. A kappa accuracy of 0.75 was achieved in discriminating the plot-dominant species from three different species by adopting a combination of nine selected explanatory variables. Further investigation found that dispersion and mean of lidar intensity within a plot are key classifiers of identifying three species. Species-specific optimal plot volume models for Pinus densiflora, Larix kaempferi, and Quercus spp. were evaluated by coefficients of determination of 0.71, 0.74, and 0.56, respectively. Compared to species classification, height-related lidar variables play a key role in modeling forest plot volume. Several explanatory variables for each modeling practice were correlated to canopy vertical and horizontal structures and were enough to represent species-specific characteristics in both approaches for species classification and plot volume estimation. Additionally, observed different variable combinations for two important applications imply that future studies should use proper variable combinations for each purpose.
Determination of the Inaccuracies of Calculated EEG Indices
Authors: Borawski Mariusz , Biercewicz Konrad , Duda Jarosław
Published: October 2020

The data obtained as a result of an EEG measurement are burdened with inaccuracies related to the measurement process itself and the need to remove recorded disturbances. The article presents an example of how to calculate the Approach-Withdraw Index (EEG-AW) and Memorization Index (MI) indices in such a way that their inaccuracy resulting from the removal of artifacts can be periodically calculated. This inaccuracy is expressed in terms of standard deviation. This allows you to determine the reliability of the obtained conclusions in the context of examining elements in a 2D computer game created in the Unity engine.
Network Optimisation and Performance Analysis of a Multistatic Acoustic Navigation Sensor
Authors: Kapoor Rohan , Gardi Alessandro , Sabatini Roberto
Published: October 2020

This paper addresses some of the existing research gaps in the practical use of acoustic waves for navigation of autonomous air and surface vehicles. After providing a characterisation of ultrasonic transducers, a multistatic sensor arrangement is discussed, with multiple transmitters broadcasting their respective signals in a round-robin fashion, following a time division multiple access (TDMA) scheme. In particular, an optimisation methodology for the placement of transmitters in a given test volume is presented with the objective of minimizing the position dilution of precision (PDOP) and maximizing the sensor availability. Additionally, the contribution of platform dynamics to positioning error is also analysed in order to support future ground and flight vehicle test activities. Results are presented of both theoretical and experimental data analysis performed to determine the positioning accuracy attainable from the proposed multistatic acoustic navigation sensor. In particular, the ranging errors due to signal delays and attenuation of sound waves in air are analytically derived, and static indoor positioning tests are performed to determine the positioning accuracy attainable with different transmitter–receiver-relative geometries. Additionally, it is shown that the proposed transmitter placement optimisation methodology leads to increased accuracy and better coverage in an indoor environment, where the required position, velocity, and time (PVT) data cannot be delivered by satellite-based navigation systems.
A Smart Sensing and Routing Mechanism for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Hung Li-Ling
Published: October 2020

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have long been used for many applications. The efficiency of a WSN is subject to its monitoring accuracy and limited energy capacity. Thus, accurate detection and limited energy are two crucial problems for WSNs. Some studies have focused on building energy-efficient transmission mechanisms to extend monitoring lifetimes, and others have focused on building additional systems to support monitoring for enhanced accuracy. Herein, we propose a distributed cooperative mechanism where neighboring sensors mutually confirm event occurrences for improved monitoring accuracy. Moreover, the mechanism transmits events in a time- and energy-efficient manner by using smart antennae to extend monitoring lifetimes. The results of the simulations reveal that monitoring lifetime is extended and time for event notifications is shortened under the proposed mechanism. The evaluations also demonstrate that the monitoring accuracy of the proposed mechanism is much higher than that of other existing mechanisms.
Indicators for Post-Disaster Search and Rescue Efficiency Developed Using Progressive Death Tolls
Authors: Chiu Yen-Yu , Omura Hiroshi , Chen Hung-En , Chen Su-Chin
Published: October 2020

Search and rescue (SAR) is often the focus during the post-disaster response phase. It is operated under the principle of the “golden 72 h”; however, the actual efficiency of each operation lacks a standard for review. On the basis of continuously updated death toll data during the SAR cases of 51 earthquakes and 10 rainfall-induced disasters, this study developed indicators corresponding to various death tolls for reviewing the time costs and the progress of different stages of SAR. Through analysis of the established indicators, the results showed that said indicators are capable of evaluating the efficiency of SAR. These indicators also revealed that earthquake cases, with or without serious secondary disasters (e.g., tsunamis), significantly affected SAR efficiency. The regression results showed that the SAR efficiency of rainfall-induced disasters is much lower than that of earthquake disasters. Additionally, it was shown that the first casualty reports are typically late and that SAR works last a long time, highlighting the difficulty and possible delay of SAR works during rainfall-induced disasters. Previous studies and analyses might have been able to make subjective descriptions of each SAR operation; however, this study quantitatively indicates the difference between actual and expected efficiency under specific death tolls.
Driving Forces of Changing Environmental Pressures from Consumption in the European Food System
Authors: Schepelmann Philipp , Vercalsteren An , Acosta-Fernandez José , Saurat Mathieu , Boonen Katrien , Christis Maarten , Marin Giovanni , Zoboli Roberto , Maguire Cathy
Published: October 2020

The paper provides an integrated assessment of environmental and socio-economic effects arising from final consumption of food products by European households. Direct and indirect effects accumulated along the global supply chain are assessed by applying environmentally extended input–output analysis (EE-IOA). EXIOBASE 3.4 database is used as a source of detailed information on environmental pressures and world input–output transactions of intermediate and final goods and services. An original methodology to produce detailed allocation matrices to link IO data with household expenditure data is presented and applied. The results show a relative decoupling between environmental pressures and consumption over time and shows that European food consumption generates relatively less environmental pressures outside Europe (due to imports) than average European consumption. A methodological framework is defined to analyze the main driving forces by means of a structural decomposition analysis (SDA). The results of the SDA highlight that while technological developments and changes in the mix of consumed food products result in reductions in environmental pressures, this is offset by growth in consumption. The results highlight the importance of directing specific research and policy efforts towards food consumption to support the transition to a more sustainable food system in line with the objectives of the EU Farm to Fork Strategy.
Overview of Dynamic Facility Layout Planning as a Sustainability Strategy
Authors: Pérez-Gosende Pablo , Mula Josefa , Díaz-Madroñero Manuel
Published: October 2020

The facility layout design problem is significantly relevant within the business operations strategies framework and has emerged as an alternate strategy towards supply chain sustainability. However, its wide coverage in the scientific literature has focused mainly on the static planning approach and disregarded the dynamic approach, which is very useful in real-world applications. In this context, the present article offers a literature review of the dynamic facility layout problem (DFLP). First, a taxonomy of the reviewed papers is proposed based on the problem formulation current trends (related to the problem type, planning phase, planning approach, number of facilities, number of floors, number of departments, space consideration, department shape, department dimensions, department area, and materials handling configuration); the mathematical modeling approach (regarding the type of model, type of objective function, type of constraints, nature of market demand, type of data, and distance metric), and the considered solution approach. Then, the extent to which recent research into DFLP has contributed to supply chain sustainability by addressing its three performance dimensions (economic, environmental, social) is described. Finally, some future research guidelines are provided.
Rearrangement of N-Terminal α-Helices of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab Toxin Essential for Oligomer Assembly and Toxicity
Authors: Pacheco Sabino , Quiliche Jean Piere Jesus , Gómez Isabel , Sánchez Jorge , Soberón Mario , Bravo Alejandra
Published: October 2020

Cry proteins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis are pore-forming toxins that disrupt the membrane integrity of insect midgut cells. The structure of such pore is unknown, but it has been shown that domain I is responsible for oligomerization, membrane insertion and pore formation activity. Specifically, it was proposed that some N-terminal α-helices are lost, leading to conformational changes that trigger oligomerization. We designed a series of mutants to further analyze the molecular rearrangements at the N-terminal region of Cry1Ab toxin that lead to oligomer assembly. For this purpose, we introduced Cys residues at specific positions within α-helices of domain I for their specific labeling with extrinsic fluorophores to perform Föster resonance energy transfer analysis to fluorescent labeled Lys residues located in Domains II–III, or for disulfide bridges formation to restrict mobility of conformational changes. Our data support that helix α-1 of domain I is cleaved out and swings away from the toxin core upon binding with Manduca sexta brush border membrane vesicles. That movement of helix α-2b is also required for the conformational changes involved in oligomerization. These observations are consistent with a model proposing that helices α-2b and α-3 form an extended helix α-3 necessary for oligomer assembly of Cry toxins.
Expansion and Headloss Dependencies for Flowrate and Fluidization during Backwashing of Sand, Anthracite and Filtralite® Expanded Aluminosilicate Filters
Authors: Wood Jaran Raymond , Storbråten Tone , Neubauer Timo
Published: October 2020

The backwash expansion rates and headloss evolution of single- and dual-media granular filters of Filtralite® expanded aluminosilicate clay were compared with fine and coarser sand, as well as anthracite. Filtralite is manufactured in Norway, Årnesvegen 1, N-2009 Nordby. Abbreviations used for Filtralite is; N = Normal density, H = High density, C = Crushed. Each material had different particle densities and grain size distributions. The scope of the investigation was narrow: a clean-bed test was executed once for each parameter on single samples. As temperature affects the viscosity of water, tests were carried out within two temperature ranges (13–17 °C and 21–26 °C), and the effect on the fluidization of the materials was observed. The trial established that although the three types of materials have different physical properties, the expansion behaviors generally correlate with the grain sizes and particle densities of the media. To reach the expansion target of 15%, sand 1.2–2.0 mm (particle density 2656 kg/m3) required a flow rate of 67 m/h, Filtralite HC 0.8–1.6 (1742 kg/m3) required 34 m/h, and anthracite 0.8–1.6 mm (1355 kg/m3) required 15 m/h. The headloss peaks that indicate fluidization were found to correspond with the onset of expansion with increasing flow rate. This was for the example observed by fluidization of 0.4–0.6 mm sand (particle density 2698 kg/m3) at 0.94 m/m, fluidization of Filtralite HC 0.5–1 (1873 kg/m3) at 0.46 m/m and anthracite 0.8–1.6 mm (1355 kg/m3) at 0.21 m/m. Tests of dual-media filters of two types of Filtralite, i.e., Mono Multi and Mono Multi Fine, were also included. The backwash column used for the experiment consisted of extruded acrylic pipes with digital pressure sensors, an electronic flowmeter, a stepless pump and a water cycling system. A laminar water flow was provided by a mesh and a diffusor fixed above a single nozzle. No air was used. The trial was comparative, and its purpose was to shed light on the required water flow rates needed to fully expand different materials, and hence indicate requirements for performing proper filter backwashes.
A Review of Gene Sequencing in Infertility
Authors: Zhao Jie , Sha Ri-Na , Liu Fang , Du Chen , Dai Bai , Zhang Yan-Bing , Tian Ru-Gang , He Jiang-Feng , Chen Xiu-Juan
Published: October 2020

Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is the technology used primarily for infertility treatments in order to achieve pregnancy. With the increasing demands of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT), the safety inspection of in-vitro fertilization (IVF), the prevention of pathogenesis
in sterility, the application of gene sequencing technology in ART, and the diagnosis of infertility-related diseases have significantly increased. The development and principles of gene sequencing technology, the application of gene sequencing in PGT, the application of whole genome sequencing
in ART-conceived children, and the application of whole genome sequencing in infertility-related disorders have been summarized in this review.
UTILIZATION OF BLUETOOTH CONNECTIONS FOR ARDUINO BASED DOOR LOCK SECURITY TOOLS
Authors: Saiyar Hafdiarsya
Published: October 2020

Home security is something that must be considered for every homeowner. Especially when you have to leave the house empty for work or even on vacation. You must be worried about thieves, lost jewelry, or the safety of other valuables. Therefore, the authors made a door lock security device by utilizing a Bluetooth connection with the Arduino Uno microcontroller. The research method used was direct observation of the selected object, namely the author's house, and conducting literature studies related to the Arduino Uno microcontroller. This door lock tool uses the Arduino Uno as a data processing center, because it is easy to use, and most importantly in the charging program, it does not require a download like a microcontroller in general. This Arduino Uno contains a special program that will give commands to the Servo Motor to open and open the door. Not only opening and opening doors, but this tool can also move the door without us holding or touching it but through a Smartphone. The purpose of this research is to produce a tool that can make it easier to manage or open doors using the Arduino via an Android smartphone using a Bluetooth connection.
Jürgen Habermas y la problemática de la neutralidad valorativa:
Authors: Schanzer Rosanna María , Wheeler Cristina Inés
Published: October 2020

Uno de los problemas epistemológicos que se plantean en las ciencias sociales es el referido a la objetividad del conocimiento. En el fondo de la discusión se encuentra el siguiente punto: ¿es posible pensar una ciencia social neutral, sin valores? Abordar la discusión desde una perspectiva crítica permite plantear algunos fundamentos para resignificar el rol de las ciencias sociales en la sociedad actual. Habermas aporta una mirada sobre la posibilidad de recrear la "objetividad científica" que abre un interesante abanico de posibilidades para analizar las condiciones de la producción de conocimiento en las ciencias sociales. Jürgen Habermas, heredero del pensamiento frankfurtiano, desarrolla su enfoque de la objetividad en las ciencias sociales a partir de una lógica de la comprensión en términos de proceso comunicacional. Es posible plantear la objetividad pero, según este autor, no es posible defender la neutralidad valorativa. El postulado de la neutralidad valorativa, nos dice Habermas, demuestra que los procedimientos empírico-analíticos no son capaces de darse cuenta de la referencia respecto de la vida en la que, en realidad, ellos mismos se encuentran objetivamente. Trabajar sobre las nociones de objetividad y neutralidad valorativa enriquece el trabajo intelectual y afianza la posibilidad de poder sostener una ciencia social crítica.
Situación ecolingüística venezolana contemporánea
Authors: Bondarenko Pisemskaya Natalia
Published: October 2020

Este artículo trata la problemática de las lenguas habladas en Venezuela desde la perspectiva de la ecolingüística. El objetivo fue ubicar cada lengua en la dinámica histórico-político-social y proyectarla hacia el futuro. Las técnicas y los procedimientos fueron de tipo teórico y cualitativo; éstos se complementaron con entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Se concluye que la concientización y la educación se presentan como vías para evitar la homogeneización lingüístico-cultural del país.
De "pobladores" a "mapuche":
Authors: Valverde Sebastián
Published: October 2020

En las últimas décadas, y en especial los últimos años, se registra una actualización étnico-identitaria del pueblo indígena Mapuche en la región de Norpatagonia Argentina. Como parte de estos procesos, se viene dando una recuperación de la oralidad, poniendo al descubierto vivencias históricas hasta ahora desconocidas, lo que conlleva múltiples tensiones con diversos sectores sociales por las "versiones" del pasado. Nos centraremos en estas dinámicas, en un contexto signado por la conflictividad territorial de diversas comunidades con propietarios privados y algunos niveles estatales.
Pueblos originarios, cuestión étnico nacional en el cono sur latinoamericano y sus contradicciones con los modelos neodesarrollistas propuestos por los gobiernos progresistas
Authors: Vázquez Héctor
Published: October 2020

El autor describe y explica la índole de los conflictos y contradicciones generados entre las políticas desarrollistas formuladas por las democracias del cono sur latinoamericano y las reivindicaciones etnopolíticas gestadas por las organizaciones políticas de los pueblos originarios.
Comunidad, cultura y prevención social del delito:
Authors: Ayos Emilio
Published: October 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la manera en que son problematizadas las nociones de comunidad y cultura en las estrategias de prevención social del delito en Argentina durante la primera década del nuevo siglo. Para ello, analizamos el desarrollo de políticas estatales concretas desde la perspectiva conceptual de los "estudios sobre la gubernamentalidad" y a partir de un enfoque metodológico cualitativo. Argumentaremos que la comunidad circula como forma de territorialización de estas intervenciones, profundamente arraigada en una producción sobre la dimensión cultural de estos espacios sociales.
Debates al interior de la economía social:
Authors: Strada Rodríguez Julia
Published: October 2020

El objetivo del presente articulo consiste en analizar los principios y postulados de la corriente teórica de la Economía Social y Solidaria en su vertiente latinoamericana, a los fines de detectar los principales debates que la atraviesan, y rastrear, en paralelo, las conexiones que dichas premisas mantienen con otra serie de discursos provenientes de organismos multilaterales de crédito, como el Banco Mundial, destinados a recomendar políticas sociales a los países en desarrollo desde fines del siglo pasado. En este sentido, identificamos la presencia de determinadas "afinidades electivas" entre ambos complejos discursivos en base al análisis específico de la visión regeneradora de las políticas sociales que se encuentra presente en el diseño e implementación de las políticas de promoción de la Economía Social y Solidaria en distintos organismos públicos de la Argentina. En suma, nuestro artículo tiene como propósito señalar las tensiones presentes al interior de la corriente de la Economía Social latinoamericana y las contradicciones teórico-políticas que de allí derivan.
Las estructuras elementales del desarrollo:
Authors: Quintero Pablo
Published: October 2020

La idea/fuerza de desarrollo continúa siendo uno de los cimientos fundamentales de los procesos actuales de producción material y de subjetivación social. A pesar de su visible agotamiento y de los reiterados cuestionamientos a los que ha sido sometido, el meta-relato del desarrollo pervive y goza aparentemente de buena salud. Lejos de procurar sustentar o defender al desarrollo, la llamada antropología del desarrollo se ha interesado desde sus comienzos por cuestionar los discursos, las practicas y la propia noción de desarrollo, desde un locus epistémico que asume una responsabilidad ético-política con las comunidades con las cuales trabaja las ciencias sociales. Este artículo propone un marco teórico-metodológico para el abordaje antropológico del desarrollo. Partiendo de una crítica radical a la idea/fuerza de desarrollo, el trabajo se asienta en la perspectiva teórica de la colonialidad del poder como punto de anclaje investigativo y analítico desde el cual se propone un abordaje metodológico sobre el desarrollo en tanto espíteme y en tanto praxis. Tal abordaje plantea el análisis de los discursos y prácticas del desarrollo como una totalidad heterogénea de alcance global, que puede ser estudiada a través de la integración de diferentes herramientas metodológicas provenientes de distintas tradiciones.
Mujeres pobres y cuestión social. Buenos Aires y Tucumán en épocas de desocupación
Authors: Cross Cecilia , Ullivarri María
Published: October 2020

El objetivo es analizar la producción de las mujeres pobres como sujetos sociales en dos momentos muy críticos de la historia argentina. Para abordar esta propuesta analizaremos lo que las mujeres hacían y decían para hacer frente al desempleo y las disputas de sentido acerca de esas prácticas, particularmente a partir de los discursos de los medios y las autoridades políticas acerca de quiénes eran y qué podían hacer (y decir) las mujeres pobres en los treinta y en los noventa. Nos centramos en Buenos Aires y Tucumán porque nos permiten ilustrar la heterogeneidad de situaciones sociales que se vivían en nuestro país, más allá de la homogeneidad de la crisis como escenario.
El profesorado y sus discursos en relación al género en una escuela pública
Authors: Ojeda Urra Grawen
Published: October 2020

El artículo se centra en el discurso como generador de formas de pensamiento de género, en una escuela pública de Chile desde la práctica docente y qué formas utilizan éstos, para reforzar posturas hegemónicas. El estudio aporta indicadores claves, reflejados en la desigualdad de género que invisibilizan lo femenino. Sin embargo, se reconocen algunas prácticas pedagógicas que privilegia la igualdad hacia los estudiantes.
Crisis neoliberal y cambio de régimen en México:
Authors: Figueroa Ibarra Carlos
Published: October 2020

En este trabajo se argumenta que Morena y sus antecedentes, han sido un factor importante en la lucha por la democracia en México además de su oposición a la política económica neoliberal. La transición democrática mexicana ha sido fallida y esto es debido a los atavismos autoritarios del régimen emanado de la revolución mexicana combinados con una acumulación neoliberal cada vez más incompatible con la democracia liberal y representativa. Por ello, Morena representa hoy una fuerza política que busca hacer realidad esta democracia y al mismo tiempo profundizarla con la democracia participativa. Sin embargo, en Morena coexiste al lado de una voluntad democrática real, una heterogeneidad ideológica que presenta atavismos centralistas y verticales y el peso del liderazgo personal de Andrés Manuel López Obrador.
Escenarios migratorios y globalización en América Latina:
Authors: Marroni María da Gloria
Published: October 2020

El artículo se sitúa en el debate sobre las características de la "nueva era de la migración", propia de los procesos globalizadores a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Analiza la cuestión en América Latina en el periodo de la alta globalización (Appadurai, 2007). Sistematiza los flujos migratorios regionales clasificándolos a través de indicadores estadísticos, territoriales y geográficos, agrupándolos en subregiones del continente. Toma como referente las propuestas adoptadas por los organismos internacionales para la clasificación de estos flujos (norte-norte, sur-norte, norte-sur, sur-sur) con las debidas ponderaciones implicadas en su utilización, basados en la división del mundo entre el norte y el sur. Destaca las características de la migración de latinos a Europa y Estados Unidos y los movimientos interregionales entre las subregiones del continente. Concluye que las tendencias de la alta globalización influencian la dinámica de los movimientos demográficos en el continente y diluyen los límites entre migración regional y extrarregional, fronteriza y no fronteriza, temporal, permanente y de tránsito, pero no los homogeniza. Factores territoriales, socio culturales e históricos de los países latinoamericanos actúan para producir una diversidad que necesita ser estudiada.
Las comisarías barriales en la ciudad de Rosario:
Authors: Barrera Nicolás
Published: October 2020

A lo largo de casi dos años, entre 2011 y 2013, realizamos observaciones en distintas comisarías de la ciudad de Rosario (Argentina) y entrevistas a funcionarios policiales con ese destino. Sobre la base del material etnográfico elaborado durante ese período, en este artículo en particular nos proponemos reflexionar sobre algunas de las formas que asume el estado en general y sus policías en particular, en áreas consideradas marginales.
Inmersión lingüística de comunidades haitianas en Chile:
Authors: Sumonte Valeria , Sanhueza Susan , Friz Miguel , Morales Karla
Published: October 2020

La diversidad de lenguas existentes en las sociedades es un rasgo diferenciador entre culturas y un vehículo para la integración social. En Chile, la migración haitiana ha concitado el interés de la comunidad científica, especialmente en aspectos lingüísticos, donde el desconocimiento de la lengua de acogida constituye un factor de exclusión y segregación cultural y territorial. En este contexto, nos planteamos como objetivos: a) analizar los determinantes históricos contextuales de la migración haitiana, b) Describir modelos educativos de inmersión lingüística y c) proponer elementos de base para un modelo educativo de inmersión lingüística desde un enfoque comunicativo intercultural. La discusión teórica propone avanzar hacia un enfoque de reconocimiento y legitimación de las diferentes lenguas desde un enfoque universal de Derecho.
Mas allá de los criterios disciplinarios. Un estudio etnográfico sobre las decisiones de admisión en un pabellón psiquiátrico-penitenciario en la República Argentina
Authors: Rojas Machado Mercedes
Published: October 2020

El presente trabajo se propone analizar la injerencia de requerimientos institucionales y valoraciones afectivas en la práctica cotidiana de un equipo civil especializado en salud mental dentro de una cárcel federal de máxima seguridad en la República Argentina. A tales fines se indaga la instancia de admisión, en la que profesionales de salud deciden la incorporación de internos penitenciarios tipificados con algún padecimiento mental dentro de su dispositivo de tratamiento, para dar cuenta de los factores que exceden los criterios disciplinarios y definen la relación entre lógicas psiquiátrico-terapéuticas y penitenciarias.
Acerca del derecho consuetudinario indígena y de las reivindicaciones etnopolíticas. Mapuches y Qom
Authors: Vásquez Héctor
Published: October 2020

A la luz del golpe de estado en Bolivia contra el presidente Evo Morales y sus posibles consecuencias en la institucionalidad jurídica de la Constitución Pluricultural Boliviana, el autor analiza el Derecho Consuetudinario Indígena vigente en los pueblos originarios de América Latina, y en especial su relación con las reivindicaciones etno políticas de Mapuches y Qom.
MODERN FINTECH DIRECTIONS IN THE BANKING SECTOR
Authors: CHAIKOVSKYI Yaroslav , KOVALCHUK Yaroslava
Published: October 2020

Introduction. One of the factors behind structural changes in Ukraine's financial market is the increasing use of the Internet and mobile devices to provide financial services. It can be seen now that radical changes in technology have affected not only the information sphere but also the economic sphere. The current technological revolution has also had a significant impact, including on the banking sector's infrastructure, which is associated with increased automation in bank operations and greater customer focus. For the most part, such transformations in the industry are associated with the need to reduce costs, improve the security of financial transactions, and ensure that the service industry is responsive to an ever-evolving society.

The purpose is to determine trends directions of research of new financial technologies in the banking industry.

Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the article is the scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists and specialists in the theory of banking innovation and financial technologies. In the course of the research, such general scientific methods of cognition were used as: theoretical generalization, comparison, and systematization (in the study of the essence of the concepts of “financial technology”, “fintech”, “artificial intelligence”, “open banking”, “blockchain”; definition of types of financial technologies); observation (during the study of implemented fintech in banking institutions); graphical method – for visual presentation of analysis results.

Results. The essence of the concept of “financial technology” is disclosed in the article. Modern fintech trends in Ukraine and in the world are analyzed. Also, presents the most successful examples of the use of financial technologies in the banking sector in recent years. In addition, a number of areas for future research in the field of financial technology, which are currently very promising in the banking sector and could be launched in Ukraine and worldwide are offered.

Conclusions. Given the significant interbank competition, the problem of developing financial technologies in the provision of financial services by banking institutions has become particularly urgent. In addition, the improvement of financial technologies is not a simple matter and should be multifaceted in order to ensure the efficiency and expected performance of banks. Therefore, it is necessary to improve not only financial technologies, financial services and products, but also ways of providing them to clients of banking institutions, communication of bank employees with clients, advertising, promotion of modern financial technologies, etc. Financing, all kinds of consulting services and payments can all be considered as one of the most promising areas for future research in financial technology.
EUROPEAN PRIORITIES FOR PERSONAL INCOME TAXATION
Authors: TKACHYK Fedir , OSTAPCHUK Victoriia
Published: October 2020

Introduction. In the current conditions of globalization of socio-economic development and formation of a new financial civilization, social aspects of tax policy take a important place. The system of taxation of income of citizens in Ukraine today is not fully coping with the performance of their functions. The experience of developed European countries on the formation of an effective mechanism of taxation of personal income will contribute to the establishment of the newest social and fiscal-oriented paradigm of taxation of citizens in Ukraine. The increased interest in the procedures for administering the personal income tax is also explained by the fact that this tax is one of the main sources of income to the budget of Ukraine.

The purpose is to determine the peculiarities of taxation of personal income tax in Ukraine, to find out the common and different features tax system in Ukraine and European countries, to systematize recommendations on improving the mechanism of taxation of personal income.

Results. The international typology of personal income tax systems is given. The general features of personal income taxation and mechanisms of application of personal income tax rates in some countries of the European Union are considered. It is argued that the implementation of the European tax experience will facilitate a faster transition to a new and effective system of personal income taxation in Ukraine. To improve personal income taxation in Ukraine, it is necessary to revise personal income tax rates, increase the amount of tax-free minimum incomes, ensure the full functioning of electronic declaration of personal incomes, optimize concessional policies, increase tax literacy and tax culture.

Prospects. Further research will focus on the social aspects of taxing citizens' income in terms of differentiation of tax rates, the logic of using preferences in taxing personal income, the introduction of an effective threshold of the non-taxable minimum income, promoting the right to tax rebates, etc.
LOCAL CONFLICTS IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
Authors: ZVARYCH Roman
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The research of theoretical principles of the impact of local conflicts on the global economy requires an economic understanding of such strategic phenomena as the arms race, the creation of international alliances and the economic effects of military spending. The risks, threats and challenges of direct and indirect losses received by both sides of the conflict also have a negative impact on both third parties and the global economy as a whole. As a result, global leaders and actors involved in conflicts reflect on the effectiveness of their participation in the confrontation. That is why the analysis of local conflicts and assessment of their value in the global economy, given the direct participation of Ukraine in one of these, actualizes the research topic.

The purpose is to analyze global changes that provoke local conflicts and research of the cost of local conflicts in the global economy.

Methods. In the research process, a set of research methods and approaches were used: monographic and graphical methods, methods of system analysis, systematization, classification, logical, theoretical and generalizations.

Results. The unfair distribution of the benefits of globalization threatens conflicts at the regional, national and international levels. Civil or internal wars became widespread, and these “new” wars became clear only in the context of political, economic, and military globalization. There is a correlation between rising war spending and increasing quantity of conflicts. The cost of conflict in the global economy is extremely high, because in addition to the destruction of families, communities and countries, conflicts have negative global economic consequences. The war in Ukraine has significantly affected its economy and financial system, leading to significant material losses due to the physical destruction of housing, infrastructure, social and industrial facilities.

Conclusions. Global leaders and key global actors must act quickly and prevent escalation of local conflict. The protection of civilians and their property and the provision of humanitarian and medical assistance should be a priority for participants involved in existing conflicts. A favorable direction for overcoming local conflicts is “investment in humanity”, namely investment in stability, local infrastructure, in order to diversify resources and increase their efficiency. An audit of the costs and benefits of the parties to the conflict will help to understand that the economically they have short-term gain in times less than the income they would have received in the absence of these conflicts.
MODERN ASPECTS OF SEARCHING INCENTIVES TO INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF BUSINESS ENTITIES
Authors: KOSTETSKYІ Volodymyr , PRYMACHENKO Ivan
Published: October 2020

Introduction. In In today’s conditions of economic development, business entities face the challenge of reformatting systems, methods and economic mechanisms for managing sustainability in terms of innovative approach. Therefore, the solution of economic, social, managerial and personal problems in contemporary society implies a specific innovative style of management, which is based on innovation, innovation, systematic and continuous innovation activities.

The purpose is to identificatt the positive trends and shortcomings of the processes of innovative development of economic entities that exist in Ukraine, and to clarificate of modern scientific approaches to encourage businesses to innovate in order to ensure financial stability and innovative development of the country’s economy.

Results. The study of the mechanism of innovation activity allows us to conclude that the formation and development of an innovative management strategy by an economic entity is an integration process that combines the processes of forecasting, planning and accounting of the resource base of the enterprise in the long-term, medium-term and short-term prospects in the new conditions modernization of the state economy. Creating a national innovation system is to build a holistic system that effectively transforms new knowledge into new technologies, products and services that find their real consumers in national or global markets. At the same time, attention should be paid to the development of an innovative strategy by each domestic enterprise, which will create conditions for positive trends in the development of this process.

Conclusions. Innovations are essentially related to the cyclical development of the economy, as they initiate new technological developments. Therefore, in an innovative economy, the state plays an important role in implementing anti-cyclical economic regulation, smoothing out cyclical fluctuations and mitigating their effects. To ensure the further development of innovation in Ukraine, it is necessary to comprehensively use methods to stimulate innovation, in particular the improvement of tax legislation; improving the legal framework for venture funds; improving the mechanism of protection of intellectual property rights; ensuring effective cooperation between the scientific and business sectors in the field of innovation.