bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical and organizational aspects of creating a system of internal tax control of small enterprises
Authors: Khyzhak Natalia
Published: March 2023

The subject of the research presented in this article is the theoretical and organizational aspects of creating a system of internal tax control of small enterprises. The author proves that such a system is an effective tool for managing tax risks of organizations to reduce current and potential financial losses of economic entities. The significance and relevance of this issue has been confirmed empirically, including using the latest data from the statistical tax reporting of the Federal Tax Service of Russia. The approach used by the author to the organization of internal tax control is based on the provisions of the COSO methodology, regulatory requirements of domestic legislation and provides for consideration of the specific features of small business entities that affect the procedure for conducting internal control of small enterprises. The criteria of functionality and structural elements of the internal tax control system are defined, their content is described. The approaches proposed by the author to the construction of the internal tax control system are summarized in the form of schemes, algorithms and recommendations that can be taken as a basis for the organization of such work by the heads of small enterprises. The scientific novelty of the research consists in a comprehensive study of the theoretical and organizational aspects of internal control for the development of an internal tax control system and in the application of the conceptual provisions of the theory of internal control to the management of tax risks of organizations, taking into account the specifics of small businesses.
Content Analysis on the Effectiveness of Using Virtual Reality in Foreign Language Learning
Authors: Alghameeti Afrah
Published: March 2023

The prevalence of implementing virtual reality in foreign language education in the recent years has attracted language learners’ interests and provided them with extremely conducive technological learning environment. The primary objective of the current research article is to analyse the most recent studies carried out on the effectiveness of virtual reality on foreign language education. For the sake of the study, 20 peer-reviewed published papers conducted between 2019 and 2022 were carefully selected.The meta-analysis of the studies targeted four paramount research components: (1) data collection method, (2) sample size, (3) research design and (4) language skills. The results of the analysis revealed that mixed-method was the most employed approach and undergraduate groups with a sample size of 1–50 most prevalently selected. For the sake of data collection, 40% of the related studies employed questionnaires to gather the data. Moreover, 30% of the studies investigated the impact of using virtual reality in improving English vocabulary. Thus, this content analysis study recommends addressing other language skills, i.e. receptive and productive.
Drinking Wells and River Water Quality Assessment in Oproama Community, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Dick Asiton-a Asifamabia , Okparanta Susan Chioma
Published: March 2023

Aims: The hand-dug wells and river water in Oproama Community, Rivers State, Nigeria was assessed for its quality.

Study Design: The study involved ten (10) sampling stations consisting of seven (7) hand-dug wells and three (3) points along the Oproama River.

Place and Duration of Study: Oproama Community in Asari-toru Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria between January and December, 2011 to cover both dry and wet seasons.

Methodology: The parameters assessed were Vibrio (bacteria), salinity, calcium, magnesium concentrations as well as saltwater intrusion status employing standard laboratory procedures and estimation model.

Results: The results reveal that Vibrio counts ranged from 2 x102 to 1.375 x104 cfu/100ml and the bacteria species identified from the water sources were Vibrio cholera and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The study also reveals that salinity ranged from 11.97 to 13,772mg/l, calcium, 0.15 to 126.33mg/l and magnesium, 0.09 to 43.02mg/l. All parameters assessed exhibited seasonal variation during the study period; Calcium/magnesium (Ca/Mg) ratios for each well water sample ranged from 1.67 to 12.33 and indicate absence of saltwater intrusion which stands at a Ca/Mg limit of 1.

Conclusion: Salinity (particularly well water samples), calcium and magnesium concentrations were within recommended limit; Vibrio counts were high and its presence in drinking water has public health risk; therefore, the use of sanitary buckets and point-of-use (households use) treatment and safe storage practices of water is strongly advocated.
Consumers’ Opinions and Constraints towards Buying Jute Products in Jalpaiguri and Ludhiana District- A Comparative Study
Authors: Singha Sayan , Rathore Rakesh
Published: March 2023

The study was undertaken in Jalpaiguri of West Bengal and Ludhiana districts of Punjab, India. The paper analyse the consumers’ opinions and constraints faced by them towards buying Jute products. A total of 100 consumers respondents were selected randomly comprising 50 from each district. Multistage sampling was used to select respondents. A paired t-test and factor analysis were used to statistically analyse the collected data. The findings of the study shows that there are statistical significant difference in awareness and opinions of the rural and urban consumers towards buying of Jute products. Two important factors safety of the environment and Jute products are fashionable and quality products were found. The Garret ranking technique was employed to analyse the constraints faced by consumers. The results shows that lack of information, followed by poor after-sale service, and unavailability of jute products are important constraints faced by consumers when buying jute products.
Economic Analysis of Cucumber Market Performance and their Constraints in Sultanpur District of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Mishra Harshit , Neerugatti Mahima Priyanka , Gautam Sandeep , Mishra Divyanshi
Published: March 2023

In this paper examine the marketing efficiency, marketing cost, market margin, price spread and marketing constraints in Sultanpur district of Uttar Pradesh. A multistage stratified purposive cum random sampling technique was applied for the selection of district, block, villages and respondents. Total 100 growers were selected randomly through proportionate allocation method in the population during 2021-22. The primary data were collected through survey schedule with the help of personal interviews. The objectives were achieved by using shephered's formula for marketing efficiency and Garrett ranking technique for the identify the major marketing constraints. There are three types of marketing channels were observed in cucumber marketing i.e., Channel-I (producer → consumer), Channel-II (producer → retailer → consumer) and Channel-III (producer → wholesaler → retailer → consumer). Overall maximum produce of cucumber was sold by different group of farms through channel-III. Moreover, cucumber growers were also faced different types of marketing constraints. Major three marketing constraints faced by the growers were perishability nature of commodity, lack of storage facilities and grading problems, respectively. Suggestions of cucumber farmers to overcome these constraints are storage facilities in mandi should be provided to the farmers for their perishable products and entrusting government representatives with marketing duties in exchange for a fair fee.
Evaluation of Garlic Genotypes under Farmer’s Field Condition of Jumla, Nepal
Authors: Giri Raj Kumar , Bhusal Yubraj , Poudel Bishwash , Subedi Giri Dhari , Chalise Basant
Published: March 2023

On-farm trial on different garlic genotypes selected from Advance Yield Trial was carried out at Patrashi Rural Municipality of Jumla (2430 masl) for two consecutive years 2017/18 and 2018/19 to evaluate garlic genotypes suitable for the high hills of Karnali region of Nepal. Twelve different garlic genotypes: ARM 01, ARM 02, ARM 03, ARM 04, ARM 05, ARM 07, ARM 09, Mugu Local, Kathmandu Local, Chinese, Holeri and Malikabota were tested on Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Each treatment was replicated three times. Compost was used at 20t/ha at the time of land preparation. There was no use of chemical fertilizer. Selected cloves of garlic were planted with 15 cm x 10 cm spacing of row to row and clove to clove respectively. Planting and harvesting were done on the third week of September and first week of July respectively. Tested genotypes differed significantly for vegetative as well as yield parameters. The genotype ARM01 produced the bulbs with the highest (50.49 mm) diameter followed by ARM 04 (45.14 mm), Kathmandu Local (34.52 mm) and Chinese (33.44 mm) respectively. The highest bulb yield (29.73 t/ha) was recorded from genotype ARM 01 followed by Kathmandu Local (19.4 t/ha), ARM 04 (18.51 t/ha) and Chinese (17.59 t/ha). Based on the average result of both years, genotypes ARM 01, Kathmandu Local, ARM 04, and Chinese showing above mentioned average productivity ranging from 17.59 t/ha to 29.73 t/ha, were identified as the promising genotypes for commercial cultivation in the high hills of Karnali region of Nepal.
Factors Promoting Non-accessibility to Primary Health Care in Rural Areas in DR Congo: Case of the Yelenge Health Area
Authors: Louison Botuli Lofoka , Raymond Assani Ramazani , Pierrot Aitekele Kangama , Higue Bokota Sola , Cynthia Mondaka Ngolu , Paul Nyange Dikete
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The study focused on the Factors promoting Non-accessibility to Primary Health Care in Rural Areas. The purpose of the study was to determine the factors favoring non-accessibility to primary health care in the Yelenge health area and to propose strategies to improve access to primary health care in this health area in particular and in the Yakusu health zone in general.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the Yelenge health area during the period June 1 to December 31, 2022, which involved 500 inhabitants of the Yelenge health area in the Yakusu Health Zone.

Results: It was found that 280(56.0%) of the study subjects indicated low socio-economic level (lack of financial means), the influence of traditional medicine 100(20.0%), the absence of qualified personnel 70(14.0%) and the absence of essential health care materials and medicines 50(10.0%) as the main factors favoring non-accessibility to primary health care.

Conclusion: Access to primary health care for the inhabitants of the Yelenge health area is a serious problem that requires the unfailing involvement of the health authorities in order to reduce the mortality and morbidity rate in this part of the country.
Development of an Implement Capable to Ease the Practising of Culinary Activities in General Secondary High School in Cameroon: Case Study of the Francophone Subsystem of Education
Authors: Christophe Fopoussi Tuebue Jean
Published: March 2023

The present research aims to develop a framework that facilitates the experience of culinary practices in secondary schools of general education in Cameroon. To do this, work was carried out in the field and indoors during the month of January. The field work dealt with the collection of various information and with the practicing. Indoors work for its own helped to plan the work and to write the final manuscript. Thus, the Departments of National Language and Culture, Social and Family Economy, German, Chinese and Spanish, have inscribed culinary practices in their respective approaches. These practices take place between the end of the first and the beginning of the second term. Overall, these activities are repeated at least twice a year. They arouse the adhesion of many pupils of the levels concerned. Their traditional experience disturbs both the tranquility of the parents and that of the personals of schools concerned by this approach. The parents help their respective children to pay the necessary contributions for the realization of this activity. The flaws in the experience of these activities are responsible for the discomfort among the parents of children in the Year Three and Year Four levels, and much more so in the second literary cycle (Year Five, Year Six, and Year Seven levels, A4). An interdisciplinary approach can make it possible to bring together all the educational departments concerned around a single culinary practice. To support this activity, the schools concerned must dedicate one day a year to this practice; this day, then considered as an open day, will allow children to present to their parents, friends and guests, their degree of acquisition and integration of the multidisciplinary knowledge received.
Relationship between Principals’ Transformational Leadership Practices and Teachers’ Job Satisfaction in Phuentsholing Municipality
Authors: Tshewang  , Chetri Deepak Raj
Published: March 2023

The relationship between principals’ transformational leadership and teachers’ job satisfaction among four schools of Phuentsholing municipality, Bhutan, evaluates the perceived level of job satisfaction of teachers, the influence of the leadership styles on teachers’ job satisfaction, and the correlation of transformational leadership with teachers’ job satisfaction based on Herzberg’s Two-Factor theory. The research adopted a quantitative method with a survey questionnaire as a research design. Using purposive and random sampling, 134 teachers out of 210 were selected as participants. The data collected using google form was analyzed with the data analysis tool pack of Microsoft Excel 2013 using descriptive statistics: mean, standard deviation, t-test, simple linear regression, and correlation. The result showed a high level of job satisfaction in teachers with no significant gender difference. Transformational leadership was found to have a significant positive correlation with motivation factors and hygiene factors that contributes to job satisfaction. There was a strong positive correlation between principals’ transformational leadership and teachers’ job satisfaction. Principals are recommended to maintain and enhance the practice of transformational leadership to have better job satisfaction and performance of teachers.
Dietary Inclusion Influence of Aphrostyrax lepidophyllus Bark on Growth, Feed Nutrients Utilization and Body Composition of Clarias gariepinus juvenile (Burchell, 1822)
Authors: Doriane Yemdjie Mane Divine , Ruben Ngouana Tadjong , Algrient Nana Towa , Dayan Agwah Ebile , Linda Nanhou Raïssa , Raphaël Kana Jean , Alexis Teguia
Published: March 2023

Aims: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of the bark of Afrostyrax lepidophyllus on growth and body composition of Clarias gariepinus.

Study Design: This study was carried out from April to May 2022 in the Agro-ecological Farm of Bilone at Obala Lekié Division, Center Region of Cameroon.

Methodology: Juvenile weighing 9.29 ± 0.15 g were divided into four triplicate treatments before being fed with diets containing 0 g (T0 or control), 1 g (T1), 1.5 g (T2) and 2 g (T3) A. lepidophyllus diet for 56 days. Fishes were fed at the rate of 5% body weight and every 14 days, intermediate sampling was done during which juveniles per treatment were counted, measurements were taken on a representative sample and the feeding rate was adjusted. The main water parameters were recorded daily before feeding.

Results: Adding the bark of A. lepidophyllus in the diet significantly enhanced growth, feed nutrients utilization and body composition of juvenile C. gariepinus independent of the inclusion level. Fish fed T3 diet recorded final weight, weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) significantly high (P < 0.05) to those recorded in fish fed with the control diet. The same trend was observed with macro-nutrient retention as compared to the control.

Conclusion: This study clearly showed that dietary inclusion of the bark of A. lepidophyllus powder improves growth performances, feed nutrients utilization and body composition of juveniles C. gariepinus.
The Efficacy of High-fidelity Simulation-based Education in Enhancing Knowledge among Undergraduate Medical Students
Authors: Pal Bikramjit , Kumar M. V. , Soe Htoo Htoo Kyaw , Pal Sudipta
Published: March 2023

Background: Medical education has experienced important changes in recent times. The concern for patient's safety is one of the key reasons for the change in medical curricula. Innovative instructional methods like simulation-based medical education (SBME) has evolved to address this problem. SBME has become an essential part of education and training for health professionals in many parts of the world. There are evidences that support that high-fidelity simulation (HPS) training has enhanced clinical knowledge among medical students.

Aims: The objective of this study was to note the differences in the knowledge made by high-fidelity simulation-based medical education among undergraduate medical education.

Study Design: It was a quasi-experimental time series study with Pre-test and Post-test interventions.

Place and Duration of Study: Clinical Skills Lab, Faculty of Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia, Melaka, between October 2015 and September 2017.

Methodology: The study involved 347 final year undergraduate medical students. The participants were divided into groups during the simulation sessions and their knowledge was assessed individually with Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) and also self-reported Pre-test and Post-tests. Paired t-test was used to determine the difference of MCQ scores between pre and post simulation sessions. One-way repeated measure ANOVA was performed to determine the significant difference in knowledge assessment of self-reported Pre-test and Post-test scores. P value < .001 was taken to be of statistical significance.

Results: In the unpaired t-test, Post-test MCQ scores were higher than Pre-test scores but not statistically significant (P = .013). A one-way repeated measured ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc analysis demonstrated that the total scores of the self-reported knowledge tests were significantly increased over time (P < .001).

Conclusion: There is enhancement of knowledge as perceived by the students with self-reported knowledge tests but not statistically significant as revealed by the MCQ scores.
Bayesian Estimation of Entropy for Kumaraswamy Distribution and Its Application to Progressively First-Failure Censored Data
Authors: Modhesh A. A. , Basheer Abdulkareem M.
Published: March 2023

Entropy can be mathematically defined as a measure of the uncertainty of random variables that represents the potential quantity of information. This article investigates the behavior of the entropy of random variables which follow a Kumaraswamy distribution using progressively first-failure censored (PFFC) data. In particular, we calculate the maximum likelihood estimation and the confidence interval of entropy by using the observed Fisher information matrix through the asymptotic distribution of the maximum likelihood estimator. Furthermore, we apply the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method which help us to estimates the entropy and to formulation the credible intervals in order to address this problem. Here, a numerical example of real data is presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed method. Finally, we perform Monte Carlo simulations to observe the behavior of the proposed procedure.
An Ethnobotanical Study of Non-Timber Forest Products in Dorokha, Bhutan
Authors: Nepal Tej Kumar
Published: March 2023

The knowledge of indigenous people regarding the surrounding environment, local biodiversity, and their management have helped them thrive over thousands and millions of years. The indigenous people are local successors of various cultures. Their way of linking the environment with people who have cherished cultural, traditional, environmental, economic, social, and political views is diverse among modern lifestyles. Local traditional knowledge is dependent on the communication of man with nature. Local traditional knowledge focuses on the interrelationships and communications of living entities with one another and their surrounding environment. The survey listed around 146 plant species (52 trees, 19 shrubs, 48 herbs, 5 bamboo, and 23 climbers) under 67 families and 112 genera. Out of 146 species, 6 are used for dye extractions, 6 are used for fibre extractions or as a rope, 31 are used as fodder for livestock, 5 are used as bamboo, 7 are used as fuelwood and 3 species for the broom. NTFP is also used to make agricultural equipment, consumed as snacks, vegetables, and raw fruits, made into pickles, or dried up to be used during the cold season. Out of 246 species, 71 species (22 trees, 6 shrubs, 36 herbs, and 7 climbers) belonging to 46 families and 64 genera were used as medicinal plants.
Fixed Point Theorem for (\(\Phi\), \(\mathfrak{F}\))– Expansive Mappings in Cone b-Metric Spaces over Banach Algebra
Authors: Hussain R. Jahir , Maheshwaran K.
Published: March 2023

The class functions and are used in this paper to establish the notion of fixed point theorem on expansive mappings. The primary result is a generalization of the fixed point theorem for (\(\Phi\), \(\mathfrak{F}\)) expansive mappings on cone -metric spaces over Banach algebra \(\mathfrak{V}\). Investigated are the fixed point's criteria for existence and uniqueness. Additionally, provide an illustration.
Evaluation of Chilli Varieties for Growth, Yield and Thrips Incidence in Central Telangana Zone
Authors: Suhasini L. , Bhanusree M. R. , Venkatram A. , Harika M. , Malathi S. , Rao M. Jagan Mohan
Published: March 2023

Aim: To know the performance of chilli varieties for growth, yield and its attributing characters, incidence of thrips and leaf curl index at Central Telangana Zone of Telangana state.
Study Design: Ten (10) treatments in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three (3) replications.
Place and Duration of Study: Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Warangal, Central Telangana Zone of Telangana state. Experiment was conducted in the Kharif season in 2019-20 and 2020-21.
Methodology: Ten chilli varieties namely Surajmukhi, Muchia, LCA-616, Bullet, Bor, Byadgi Kaddi, LCA-625, LCA-960, LCA-620, and Teja were sown in raised bed nursery and transplanted in the main field by following all the recommended package of practices. Observations were made on five randomly selected tagged plants from each variety and replicated for evaluation of characters like plant height, canopy spread, number of branches per plant, number of leaves per plant, chlorophyll content, fruit length, fruit width, ripe fruit colour, fruit shape at pedicel attachment, fruit position, fresh fruit weight, dry fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, dry fruit yield, mean thrips population and upward leaf curl index.
Results: Out of ten chilli varieties, the dry chilli yield was found to be significantly higher in Teja (26.13 q/a) and on par results were noticed in Surajmukhi (25.12 q/a), whereas lowest dry chilli yield was observed in variety Bor (4.47 q/a). Thrips incidence and leaf curl index was found to be significantly lowest in Muchia. The trend indicates that the higher yield depends on the average fruit weight and number of fruits per plant.
Conclusion: Among the ten chilli varieties under study, Teja and Surajmukhi yielded more dry chilli. Whereas the variety Muchia has shown lowest incidence of thrips and leaf curl index. Hence, these varieties have scope for future crop improvement programme.
Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management for Growth, Yield and Post-harvest Quality of Tomato
Authors: Ramesh Eggadi , Sikder Subhamoy , Vandana Katta Sree
Published: March 2023

The cultivated tomato Solanum lycopersicon L., a commercial annual crop that is grown all over the world for local consumption or export purpose. It belongs to the Solanaceae family and has diploid chromosome number (2n= 2X= 24). Application of fertilizers, insecticides and herbicides is crucial for improving productivity per unit area, however excess usage more than that of a recommended dose can lead to issues including environmental contamination (air, water and soil pollution). According to a thorough study, farmers exposed to chemical insecticide spray for a period of 18 months experience impaired vision symptoms like eye stinging or burning (18.42%), dry sore throat (21.05%), blurred vision (23.68%), nose burning (28.9%), shortness of breath and excessive sweating (34.2%), and skin itching or redness (50.0%). The purpose of this brief review article is to explore the function of various organic and inorganic nutrient sources in tomato crop by analysing previous works and studies. Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) is an approach that boosts the agricultural production and safeguards the environment for future generations.
Effect of Basal Application of Sulphur and Foliar Application of Micro-nutrients on Growth and Yield of Summer Sesame
Authors: Pravalika Kosgi , Dawson Joy
Published: March 2023

A field experiment was conducted during zaid season 2022 at the Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and sciences. Prayagraj (UP), India. The aim was to study the effect of basal application of sulphur and foliar application of micronutrients on growth and yield of summer sesame. Treatment consisted of application of 10, 20, 30 kg/ha of sulphur and micronutrients as foliar spray (0.5% zinc, 0.5% iron, 0.2% boron). There were 10 treatments, each repeated 3 times. The soil in the experimental plot was sandy-loamy in texture, nearly neutral in soil response (pH 7.8), poor in organic carbon (0.35%), available N (163.42 kg/ha), available P (21.96 kg/ha), kg/ha). And available K (256.48 kg/ha). As a result, sulphur 30 kg/ha + zinc 0.5% (treatment -7), plant height (95.1 cm), plant dry weight (20.48 g/plant), number of capsules/plant (52.9), high number of seeds/ Capsules (63.2), test weight (3.26 g), seed yield (1.41 t/ha), stover yield (6.44 t/ha), Harvest index (17.92%).
Abundance of Phytoparasitic Root Nematodes Associated with Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.) in Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India
Authors: Indur Basawarajeshwari , Vishwajit D. , Ambrish V. , Prashant V.
Published: March 2023

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.) is the most commonly grown prime vegetable crop in India and all around the world. Tomato is cultivated majorly in many states of the nation including Karnataka and plays an important role in the Indian economy. The ripe tomato fruits act as the best source of vitamin A, Vitamin D and also have various antioxidant properties. Tomato crop progressively gets infested by various diseases at different stages from vegetation up to fruiting. The diseases such as bacterial leaf spot, bacterial wilt,   leaf curl, fruit canker and Septoria leaf spot are caused by different Bacteria, Viruses and Fungi. Nematodes also result in root-knot, stunting and   fusarium wilt diseases which may reduce the crop yield and fruit quality.  The present survey was carried out from June 2021 to November 2021 in selected tomato plots of Kalaburagi district to identify different species of root nematodes affecting tomato crop in the selected study area.  According to the survey results a total of six species of root nematodes were isolated and identified namely Meloidogyne spp., Globodera Spp., Paratrichodors minor, Helicotylenchus dihystera, Pratylenchus spp. and Rotylenchus buxophilus from selected study plots of Nirgudi, Bhosga, Bhosga Tanda, Gobbur, Sannur, Nadikur and Khanadal. The results suggest that Meloidogyne sps and Paratrichodors minor were most commonly recorded. The highest abundance of these nematodes recrded in Nirgudi region and in Nandikur region population of these root nematodes is least abundant.
Influence of Phosphorus, Sulphur and Zinc Levels on Growth and Yield of Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.)]
Authors: Tripathi Suman , Dawson Joy
Published: March 2023

A field trial was undertaken on the crop black gram in the Zaid season of 2021–2022, at the Crop Research Farm (CRF), in the department of agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj, (U.P). The trail was carried out to research “the influence of different levels of phosphorus, sulphur, and zinc on black gram crop”. The soil of the exploratory plot had a sandy loam texture, a naturally occurring pH of 7.1, a low level of organic carbon (0.36%), and readily available amounts of N (171.48 kg/ha), P (15.2 kg/ha), and K (232.5 kg/ha). The treatment included two amounts of phosphorus (40 and 50 kg/ha), sulphur (15 and 20 kg/ha), zinc (10 and 15 kg/ha) and a control. The experiment was designed in RBD, duplicated three times, and included nine treatments. The experiment's findings indicated that applying 50 kg/ha of phosphorus and 15 kg/ha of zinc to the soil (Treatment 8) resulted in the highest plant height (28.50 cm), number of nodules per plant counted (25.77), maximum plant dry weight (4.19 g/plant), higher number of pods per plant (30.67), a greater number of seeds per pod (12.00), test weight (36.30 g), seed yield (0.85 t/ha), straw yield (1.99 t/ha), and harvest index, were found to be non-significant. The same treatment (T8) also produced the maximum gross return (73720 INR/ha), net return (47732 INR/ha), and benefit: cost ratio (1.83).
Effect of Boron and Zinc on Growth and Yield Attributes in Early Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.)
Authors: Kumar Mahesh , Chaudhary S. K. , Shashikant  , Shashibala  , Kumar Ravi , Singh S. K. , Prabhakar M. K. , Singh P. K.
Published: March 2023

The present experiment was carried out in cauliflower to study the effect of boron and zinc on growth and yield in the early cauliflower having combinations of four levels 0, 1, 2, 3 kg ha-1 of boron and four levels 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 kg ha-1 of zinc in a factorial randomized block design with three replications during the year 2016 and 2017 respectively. The results of the experiment with applied boron and zinc had significant effect on growth and yield of cauliflower. The highest curd depth (8.88 cm) and curd equatorial diameter (16.45 cm) was found with applied boron (2 kg ha-1) and zinc (2.5 kg ha-1) respectively. While as, maximum net curd weight (410g) and marketable curd weight (695g) was found with sprayed boron and zinc (1 kg ha-1 + 2.5 kg ha-1) respectively., Maximum harvest index (62.8 %) and yield (113.89 q ha-1) was found when applied with boron (2 kg ha-1) and (2 kg ha-1+ 2.5 kg ha-1) respectively. Maximum curd compactness (34.34) and dry matter compactness (14.48) were found with the application of boron (1 kg ha-1) and zinc (2 kg ha-1+2.5 kg ha-1) respectively. Overall findings indicated that with the increase in concentration of boron and zinc the vegetative growth and the reproductive stage of cauliflower increases respectively.
Effects of Liming on Acid Ferrasols for Sustainable Crop Production in Uganda – A Review
Authors: Kollie W. S. , Byalebeka J. , Basamba T. A.
Published: March 2023

Ferralsols are the predominant soil type covering about 70% of the total land area of Uganda; they are mostly found in the Central and Western regions of the country. Ferralsols are highly weathered, acidic and have inherently low nutrient reserves. Degradation of these soils has led to reduced agricultural production and productivity. Despite the increased human population and the importance of Agriculture to the majority of the households in Uganda, little or no research has been carried out on Acid Ferralsols to improve food security and sustain livelihoods. Besides, the country’s research programs have not prioritized the use and management of soil fertility management strategies such as liming. Crop yields on these soils are often far less than those on research stations. This review paper focuses on the extent and effects, causes, challenges and opportunities associated with liming Acid Ferralsols and the effects on soil properties and crop yield. Many studies have shown that detrimental effects of acid soils can be ameliorated through liming, thus improving on the physio-chemical properties to improve crop production and yield. More research is anticipated to develop lime requirements for acid Ferralsols so as to meet the growing food demand in Uganda.
Some Consequences of Bertrand's Extended Postulate
Authors: Duc Pham Minh
Published: March 2023

Bertrand's postulate establishes that for all positive integers n > 1 there exists a prime number between n and 2n. We consider a generalization of this theorem as: for integers n ≥ k ≥ 2 is there a prime number between kn and (k + 1)n? This is a generalization of Bertrand's postulate extended as proved at link 1706.01009.pdf. The example is deduced that there are at least k -1 prime numbers between n and kn where n, k is a positive integers greater than 1. Then we can prove a number of hypotheses and some properties below. And here are the consequences to be deduced from it.
Four Career Stories from Doctoral Students to Doctoral Holders: Qualitative Longitudinal Examination
Authors: Minna Maunula
Published: March 2023

Aims: Universities and their doctoral programs open a range of career opportunities for doctoral students and doctors. There is a need to problematize assumptions related to the construction of doctoral careers. This study addresses this need by examining the development of doctoral career paths and the factors influencing them from a qualitative longitudinal perspective. This study focuses on the narrative career stories of doctoral students and doctoral graduates from a temporal perspective and at the individual level.

Study Design: The study was conducted as qualitative longitudinal research among Finnish doctoral students and later same persons as doctoral holders (N=9). The aim of the research design was to find out what kind of career paths can be constructed.

Place and Duration of Study: The research data was collected in Finland between 2009-2018 and analyzed in 2022-2023.

Methodology: This study focuses on the narrative career stories of doctoral students and doctoral graduates from a temporal perspective and at the individual level. For this study, nine doctoral students were interviewed in 2009 and again in 2018, covering the themes of doctoral studies and careers. The data was analyzed using content analysis and a narrative approach.

Results: As a result, four narrative doctoral career stories were constructed: Competitive Academic Career, Permanent Lecturer Career, External Proletarian Career and Self-selected Balanced Career. The results suggest that starting points, personal positioning in the doctoral process and structured career opportunities have a significant impact on the dimensions, skills and, ultimately, career prospects of doctoral candidates. This study makes visible the factors involved in the construction of a doctoral career from a holistic and longer-term perspective, allowing for a deeper understanding of the dynamics of the complexity of doctoral careers.
Enumeration of Salmonella Species Isolated in Ready–to–Eat Fruits Vended in Bukuru Market, Jos South, Plateau State
Authors: Ramyil M. S. C. , Umar A. F. , Inusa T. , Iliyasu M. Y. , Ogundeko T. O. , Bello C. S. S. , Bassi A. P. , Agbo E. B.
Published: March 2023

Background: Despite control measures to curtailed salmonella fruit contamination over the years, pathogenic disease outbreaks caused by the ingestion of Salmonella contaminated fresh-cut-fruits pose a significant problem to human health by the consumption of fresh and minimally processed fruits. This study aimed to enumerate and determine the prevalence of Salmonella species isolated in ready-to-eat fruits vended in Bukuru Market Jos South, Plateau state.

Methodology: A total of seventy-eight ready-to-eat vended fruit samples were purchased and cultured for the enumeration of bacterial isolates according to National Food Safety Standard for Microbiological Examination. Pulp pH value of each fruit was obtained by immersing litmus paper into the pulp and results recorded.

Results: Of the 78 fruits specimen, 22 (28.2%) were Salmonella positive. The prevalence rates of salmonella isolated were found to be higher (22.7%) in both coconut and avocado followed by watermelon (18.2%) and sweetmelon (13.6%) as compared with other fruits in the study area. Lower rates of 4.5% were found in banana, pawpaw, and dates with a rise in apple with 9.1% respectively.

Conclusion: The study showed a high p<0.05 (7.811) prevalence of pathogenic Salmonella species isolated in ready-to-eat fruits in the study area revealing that the spread of salmonella is not independent of fruits thereby suggestive of contamination made available by fruit vendors in this part of the world. Thus, epidemiological traceability and significant measures must be taken to check the safety of these vended products before consumption.
Corneal Abscess on Mini-scleral Contact Lens: Clinical Case
Authors: Younes Akannour , Meryem Akhdari , Mrad Khalil , Serghini Kamal Elmajdoubi Idrissi Louai , Elhassan Abdallah , Amina Berraho
Published: March 2023

Mini-scleral lens’ are large diameter rigid lenses that are used to rehabilitate vision when the corneal shape is distorted from disease, scarring or after a corneal graft procedure, however, there are relatively few reports regarding their potential complications, in this case we describe the case of a corneal abscess in a mini-scleral lens wearer with keratoconus in order to determine whether this type of contact lens presents an increased risk of infection.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN TINGKAT KEPERCAYAAN PADA PERUSAHAAN KONTRAKTOR DI SURABAYA
Authors: Wibowo Lukas Hari , Andi Andi
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT: Construction business competition in Surabaya is getting tougher and thus require good performance in a construction organization. Performance of the organization requires trust that each individual, team, or group can act achieve the desired goal. The level of trust in an organization is influenced by the organizational culture. This study aims to determine the organizational culture and the level of confidence in large and medium-sized construction company in Surabaya, as well as the relationship between the level of trust and organizational culture.Based on the research that has been done, large and medium-sized contraction company in Surabaya tend to Clan culture type than other type of culture (Adhocracy, Market, and Hierarchy), which is concerned with loyalty and tradition; with high degree of organization trust in contractor company. Organizational culture is positively correlated with the level of trust, making any type of organizational culture as an important asset for the company to increase trust in the contractor organization, and the Hierarchy culture that can be used as the primary reference organization in increasing trust.
ANALISA KONSERVASI ENERGI SELUBUNG BANGUNAN BERDASARKAN SNI 03-6389-2011. STUDI KASUS: GEDUNG P1 DAN P2 UNIVERSITAS KRISTEN PETRA SURABAYA
Authors: Gendo Ricky , Priatman Jimmy , Loekito Sandra
Published: March 2023

Nowadays, people talk a lot about energy crisis problem. In fact, demand for energy grows every year while this growing demand is not matched by the growth of the energy source. As the impact, future generation will possibly face energy crisis. In Indonesia, the effort to conserve energy still has not been considered by many parties. Just in these recent years, Greenship certification which is awarded by GBCI (Green Building Council Indonesia) to certified green buildings in Indonesia, started to be recognized by project stakeholders and moreover in short time, Greenship will be one of requierements for applying building permit (IMB) in Surabaya. OTTV (Overall Thermal Transfer Value) calculation is one of criteria in Greenship assessment, where heat transfer through the whole building envelope is minimized to reduce building cooling load. The maximum value of OTTV is 35 W/m2 based on SNI 03-6389-2011. This research is conducted to study whether the OTTV of P1 and P2 of Petra Christian University Surabaya building has met this standard or not. If not, OTTV will be minimized by considering the facade material selection.
KOMPOSISI CAMPURAN OPTIMUM BOTTOM ASH DAN FLY ASH SEBAGAI AGREGAT BUATAN
Authors: Lubis Ediantonius , Antoni Antoni , Hardjito Djwantoro
Published: March 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memanfaatkan sebanyak mungkin limbah batubara terutama bottom ash sebagai bahan agregat buatan. komposisi campuran optimum bottom ash dan fly ash sebagai bahan agregat buatan adalah 1 semen: 3 fly ash: 20 bottom ash dalam perbandingan berat, kuat tekan agregat buatan pada umur 28 hari adalah 2,45 MPa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode air di spray pada bottom ash, sehingga bottom ash dapat dimanfaatkan sebanyak mungkin untuk agregat buatan, jumlah kebutuhan air yang di spray sebanyak 25-35% dari berat bottom ash. Hasil pengujian water content pada agregat buatan dalam keadaan SSD 23,25%. Berat jenis agregat buatan pada komposisi campuran B12F3 sebesar 1672 Kg/m³ dan angka kuat tekan sebesar 3,40 MPa pada umur 28 hari. Sedangkan uji kuat tekan beton dengan komposisi campuran 1 semen: 1½ pasir: 2½ agregat buatan pada umur 28 hari sebesar 18,37 MPa, berat jenis beton berbahan agregat buatan adalah 2098 Kg/m³.
MODEL PENGUKURAN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN PERUMAHAN TIPE 70-350 M2 DI TIGA PERUMAHAN DI SURABAYA DAN SIDOARJO
Authors: Hartanto Andreas , Wahjudi Didik , Yakobus Sutoto
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT: Property plays important role in economy business activities. In 2013 property grows by 800,000 units per year, while the supply capacity is only 300,000 units per year. This fact makes the property growth become more interesting. This growth is supported by the middle class growth that reaches 100 million people in 2013 and is estimated to be 141 million people in 2020. Previous research is done on one residential area. This research aims to develop a residential satisfaction measurement model of middle class residential customers in Surabaya-Sidoarjo. This study is different from the previous one in that this research conducts survey on 3 residential complexes and utilizes more comprehensive model. 226 respondents from 3 residential areas in Surabaya-Sidoarjo were collected. The implication of this study is to give the information about the variables that are significant, the level of satisfaction of the consumers on those variables, and improvement priority for developers.The measurement model consists of 8 service quality variables and 9 product quality variables. Our finding shows that assurance and responsiveness are the most important variables in service quality. In product quality dimension, conformance and reliability are the most important variables. In addition, all developers need to improve empathy as the top priority of service quality, while features, serviceability and conformance are the top priority for improvement in terms of product quality.
ANALISIS BIAYA ELEMENTAL UNTUK PERENCANAAN PROYEK HOTEL
Authors: Pratiwi Dina , Andi Andi , Arijanto Lie
Published: March 2023

Perencanaan biaya proyek hotel melibatkan Quantity Surveyor untuk menentukan target cost (budget) bagi owner. Target cost tersebut harus mencakup semua elemen bangunan yang ada pada tahap desain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan format elemen bangunan, aspek-aspek yang mempengaruhi analisis biaya elemental dan menentukan range biaya elemental per m2 GFA daripada bangunan untuk perencanaan biaya proyek hotel.Data penelitian diperoleh dengan melihat data historical  seperti Bill of Quantity, dan gambar perencanaan gedung untuk proyek-proyek hotel dengan mengacu pada format NPWC List of Elements, Australia. Hasil analisis data menunjukan bahwa format elemen bangunan yang dipakai untuk proyek hotel terdiri dari 34 elemen dalam 8 elemen mayor. Analisis biaya elemental menunjukkan bahwa luas daripada unit kamar hotel mempengaruhi biaya elemen per m2. Sehingga range biaya elemental dibagi menjadi 3 kategori, yaitu dengan luas kamar hotel < 15 m2, luas dan luas kamar hotel > 15 m2.
RASIO KEBUTUHAN BETON, BESI TULANGAN, DAN BEKISTING UNTUK PEKERJAAN STRUKTUR PADA PROYEK APARTEMEN & HOTEL
Authors: Sutanto Ivan , Andi Andi , Arijanto Lie
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini menganalisa kuantitas material kebutuhan beton, besi tulangan, dan bekisting untuk pekerjaan struktur bangunan apartemen dan hotel guna menentukan rasio dari setiap kebutuhan beton, besi tulangan, dan bekisting untuk proyek konstruksi apartemen dan hotel. Data yang digunakan adalah data masa lampau proyek apartemen dan hotel, dengan jenis pekerjaan yang diamati: pekerjaan pilecaps, tie beam, pit lift, sump pit, sewage treatment plant, ground water tank, kolam renang, kolom, balok, plat lantai, tangga, dan external wall. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk proyek apartemen, nilai rasio kebutuhan beton antara 0,3041-0,5891 m3/m2, nilai rasio kebutuhan besi antara 141,3624-165,6701 kg/m3, dan nilai rasio kebutuhan bekisting antara 6,1503-7,5207 m2/m3. Sedangkan untuk proyek hotel menunjukkan bahwa nilai rasio kebutuhan beton antara 0,3041-0,4818 m3/m2, nilai rasio kebutuhan besi antara 141,1236-156,2936 kg/m3, dan nilai rasio kebutuhan bekisting antara 6,0146-6,7664 m2/m3.
LIM domain‐containing protein Ajuba inhibits chemotherapy‐induced apoptosis by negatively regulating p53 stability in colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Xu Beihui , Li Qi , Zhang Jianjun , Chen Fuxiang
Published: March 2023

LIM protein‐domain containing protein Ajuba (encoded by AJUBA) functions as a scaffold protein to regulate protein–protein interactions, signalling transduction and genes transcription. AJUBA expression is higher in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues than normal tissues, but its specific molecular function in CRC progression is still not very clear. Here, we found that, in CRC cancer cell lines, overexpression of AJUBA decreased p53 levels, whereas knock‐down of AJUBA significantly increased p53 levels. Although the presence of Ajuba did not influence p53 transcription, it formed a complex with p53 and MDM2 to promote the degradation of p53. AJUBA overexpression reduced the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs and vice versa. In addition, chemotherapeutic drugs significantly induced AJUBA expression, which was largely dependent on the presence of p53. Therefore, Ajuba formed a negative feedback loop to regulate p53 expression and activity. In conclusion, as a novel p53‐negative regulator, Ajuba inhibits the apoptosis of CRC cells induced by chemotherapeutic drugs and it may be a new therapeutic target for CRC treatment.