bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Effectiveness of a Freight Transport Vehicle at High Speed in a Vacuum Tube (Hyperloop Transport System)
Authors: Pellicer David S. , Larrodé Emilio
Published: November 2023

This paper shows the development of a numerical analysis model, which enables the calculation of the cargo transport capacity of a vehicle that circulates through a vacuum tube at high speed, whose effectiveness in transport is analyzed. The simulated transportation system is based on vehicles moving in vacuum tubes at high speed, a concept commonly known as Hyperloop, but assuming the vehicles for cargo containers. For the specific vehicle proposed, which does not include a compressor and levitates on magnets, the system formed by the vehicle and the vacuum tube has been conceptually developed, establishing the corresponding mathematical relationships that define its behavior. To properly model the performance of this transport system, it has been necessary to establish the relationships between the design variables and the associated constraints, such as the Kantrowitz limit, aerodynamics, transport, energy consumption, etc. Once the model was built and validated, it was used to analyze the effects of the variation of the number of containers, the operating speed and the tube length, considering the total and specific consumption of energy. Once the most efficient configuration was found regarding energy consumption and transport effectiveness, the complete system was calculated. The results obtained constitute a first approximation for the pre-design of this transport system and the built model allows different alternatives to be compared according to the design variables.
HRA-Secure Proxy Re-encryption with Re-encryption Simulatability under Lwe in Standard Model
Authors: Wang Bimei , Hou Li , Yao Lisha , Zhao Feixiang , Weng Jian
Published: November 2023

Proxy re-encryption (PRE) is a momentous and widely used cryptographic technique. It enables a proxy to forward ciphertext without the need of decryption. PRE has received significant interest in applications like cloud computing, blockchain, and the Internet of Things. Despite its wide range of uses, PRE has also been subject to new security and privacy regulations. In PKC’19, Cohen $et~al.$~first drew attention to the weakness in PRE's security against chosen-plaintext attacks (CPA) and put up a more stringent security concept known as security against honest re-encryption attacks (HRA). Notably, Cohen provides a beneficial conclusion as well. It is proveded that PRE schemes with re-encryption simulatability property can be elevated from CPA to HRA security. It is also proved that CPA-secure PRE schemes with re-encryption simulatability property can be directly elevated to those satisfying HRA security. However, those PRE schemes with re-encryption simulatability are almost always based on pairings. In this study, to the best of our knowledge, we directly construct HRA-secure PRE with re-encryption simulatability for the first time based on the learning with errors (LWE) assumption, which was widely believed to be quantum-resistant. Based on the re-encryption key generation algorithm and the re-encryption algorithm construction method of the above scheme, we can modify attribute-based conditional proxy re-encryption (AB-CPRE) as well as the corresponding attribute-based proxy re-encryption (AB-PRE) algorithm to make them have re-encryption simulatability properties. Finally, by using this property, We boost the security of AB-CPRE scheme of ESORICS'21 from CPA to HRA and simplify the HRA-security proof for the AB-PRE of ESORICS'21.
A Generalized Technology Readiness Level Scale for Measuring Technology Maturity: Development and Pilot Validation Study
Authors: Townes Malcolm
Published: November 2023

Recently considered modifications to public policy and trends in technology transfer practices have underscored the need for validated instruments to assess the maturity of technologies. This paper details a study that aimed to develop and present a generalized technology readiness level (GTRL) scale that a variety of professionals and researchers could use to assess the maturity of technologies in a range of contexts. Of particular interest is developing and validating an instrument that technology transfer professionals in federal laboratories, universities, and the private sector in the United States of America can use to assess the maturity of technologies to facilitate their technology transfer efforts. The primary goal of the research study was to highlight the need for validated measurement instruments for assessing the maturity of technologies in these contexts, test methods for validating the GTRL scale and other readiness level scales, and fill the knowledge gap regarding methods for properly validating such instruments. This included producing insights to inform future efforts to validate the GTRL scale as well as efforts to develop and validate other instruments to measure technology maturity. The study provides specific recommendations relevant to determining the face validity, content validity, inter-rater reliability, and intra-rater reliability of the GTRL scale and other such instruments for assessing technology maturity.
The Multidisciplinary Approach and Surgical Management of GE Junction Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Oberoi Meher , Noor MD Sibat , Abdelfatah Eihab
Published: November 2023

Gastroesophageal (GE) junction adenocarcinoma is an aggressive malignancy of growing incidence and is associated with public health issues such as obesity and GERD. Management has evolved over the last 2 decades to incorporate a multidisciplinary approach including endoscopic intervention, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy/ chemoradiation and minimally invasive or more limited surgical approaches. Surgical approaches include esophagectomy, total gastrectomy, and more recently proximal gastrectomy. This review analyzes the evidence for and applicability of these varied approaches in management as well areas of continued controversy and investigation.
Role of Traditional Healers (Asing’anga) in the Preservation of Indigenous Medical Knowledge (IMK)
Authors: Mvula Dalitso
Published: November 2023

Culture signifies the customs, language, ceremonies, Indigenous Medical Knowledge (IMK) and other material objects of a tribe. These and many other features are a representation of identity for many Zambian communities. IMK practices are skills inherent by certain individuals in a tribal grouping who are chosen by the spirits (gods) or trained by those who practice. This intrinsic skill is in danger of diminishing as a result of modern medication. This article attempts to understand the role of traditional healers (also known as asing’anga in local language) in preservation of IMK in Chibombo District of Zambia. In so doing, the paper examined methods of preservation used by asing’anga and the challenges faced. Using hermeneutic phenomenology and linear snowball sampling, findings revealed that preservation was done through training. The study found unwillingness, expiration, and spirituality as challenges in the process of preserving IMK. The study recommended that the Lenje Cultural Association consider documenting and disseminating information to the local people by showcasing what is available in the Mukuni Culture Village Museum and Library. This was seen as a way through which many youths would be encouraged to appreciate the indigenous values in their culture.
Sustainable Development: Why Is It Not Delivering on Its Promises? Insights from a Social-Ecological System Modelling Perspective
Authors: Gonzalez-Redin Julen , Gordon Iain J. , Polhill J. Gareth , Dawson Terence P. , Hill Rosemary
Published: November 2023

At the Rio Conference in 1992, the sustainable development agenda promised a new era for natural resource management, where the well-being of human society would be enhanced through the sustainable use of natural capital. Several decades on, economic growth continues unabated at the expense of natural capital, as evidenced by biodiversity loss, climate change and further environmental issues. Why is this happening and what can be done about it? In this research, we present three Agent-Based Models that explore the social, economic and governance factors driving (un)sustainability in complex social-ecological systems. Our modelling results reinforce the idea that the current economic system does not protect the natural capital on which it depends. This is due to a disjunction between the economic and environmental elements upon which the sustainable development paradigm is founded. Additionally, various factors appear to enhance social-ecological system unsustainability: the role of financial entities and monetary debt; economic speculation; technological development and efficiency; lack of long-term views and late government interventions; inefficient tipping point management; and the absence of strong top-down and bottom-up conservation forces. Interestingly, alternative scenarios showed that these same factors could be redirected to enhance sustainable development. The current economic system may, therefore, not be inherently unsustainable, but rather specific economic mechanisms, agents’ decision-making, and the kinds of links between economic and natural systems could be at the root of the problem. We argue that short- and medium-term sustainability can be enhanced by implementing mechanisms that shift capitalist forces to support environmental conservation. Long-term sustainability, however, requires further paradigm change: where the economy integrates, and fully accounts for, externalities and recognises the actual value of natural capital.
Biomedical Relation Extraction with Forest-Based Tagging Framework
Authors: Paul Karam , Lee Fei , Ali Woods
Published: November 2023

The groundbreaking Advanced Forest-Based Tagging Framework (AFTF) represents a paradigm shift in the domain of information extraction from medical texts. AFTF introduces a novel dual-binary tree structure that redefines how entity-relation triples are extracted. This innovative approach directly tackles the limitations of traditional linear and graph-based methods, effectively addressing challenges related to overlapping triples and computational efficiency. The AFTF model stands as a beacon of excellence, surpassing established baselines by significant margins in comprehensive evaluations on two pivotal medical datasets. Notably, AFTF achieves remarkable improvements in F1 scores, showcasing its prowess in accurate information extraction from complex medical narratives. Beyond its exceptional performance in the medical domain, AFTF exhibits remarkable versatility. This adaptability is vividly demonstrated through its robust performance across three diverse public datasets, further affirming its position as a versatile and reliable solution for information extraction tasks. This paper provides a comprehensive exposition of the AFTF architecture, shedding light on its innovative design principles and its efficient handling of intricate medical texts. AFTF represents a groundbreaking step forward in the realm of information extraction, promising enhanced accuracy, efficiency, and adaptability for a wide range of applications.
Modeling of interaction of a laser radiation with a cryogenic hydrogen layer using block-type octree mesh
Authors: Bay Anton Alekseevich
Published: November 2023

The paper presents a technique for simulating the laser-matter interaction. The technique is based on a single-temperature plasma model and includes schemes for solving three-dimensional gas dynamics equations, a nonlinear heat equation, and a method for calculating the thermal contribution of laser radiation by tracing rays through a computational grid. The schemes are implemented using the technology of local adaptation of computational grids of the octree type. Results of three-dimensional simulation of the effect of a high-power nanosecond laser pulse on a layer of cryogenic hydrogen are presented.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PROGRAM DESA/KELURAHAN TANGGUH BENCANA (DESTANA) DI KELURAHAN TAMANAN DAN LIRBOYO KECAMATAN MOJOROTO KOTA KEDIRI
Authors: Kurniawan Ficky Adi , Fandayati Inggit
Published: November 2023

Tamanan Village and Lirboyo Village, located in Mojoroto District, Kediri City are one of the villages affected by flooding, especially when the rainy season arrives. Floods that occur are often caused by problematic drainage and culvert infrastructure. The objective of community empowerment activities through the Tangguh Village Disaster program is to increase the capacity and resilience of the community and village apparatus in Tamanan and Lirboyo Villages in dealing with disasters. The methods used in this study include participatory survey methods, lectures, discussions, exercises/hands-on practice, observation, and evaluation. The results obtained are that a disaster-resilient village/kelurahan has an important role as a buffer for a village affected by a disaster, or becomes an independent village if a disaster occurs.
Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Tongka Langit Banana (Musa troglodytarum) Jam with Different Pectin Concentrations
Authors: Tuhumury Helen Cynthia Dewi , Moniharapon Erynola , Rahanra Helta Chrisna , Sahetapy Lorina
Published: November 2023

The substantial beta carotene content and health benefits of tongka langit bananas make them a popular constituent in processed food products, such as jam, which helps extend shelf life and diversifies processed tongka langit bananas. This study aimed to determine the optimal pectin concentration for the production of tongka langit banana jam by analyzing its physicochemical and sensorial properties. Without the addition of pectin, tongka langit banana jam had the finest physicochemical and sensorial properties. The tongka langit banana jam had a moisture content of 52.90%, a vitamin C content of 46.05 mg/100g, a fiber content of 0.30%, a total sugar content of 35.10%, a total acid content of 3.55%, and a total dissolved solids content of 32.15°brix. It had the highest percentage of preference in almost all sensory categories, including taste, color, texture, and overall likeability, and had the characteristic, taste of tongka langit banana, faintly flavored with tongka langit banana, a yellow color, a soft texture, and a spreadability that was relatively simple.
Acceptability of Korean Fish Cake Made from Patin Fish
Authors: Hajar Yolanda Siti , Ai Mahmudatussa’adah  , Rita Patriasih
Published: November 2023

Catfish is one of the many fish species cultivated in Indonesia so that the number increases rapidly every year, but this is not in line with the diversity of processed catfish products. One way to increase the diversity of processed catfish is by diversifying the product into Korean fish cake. This study aims to develop a formula and determine the acceptability of Korean fish cake made from catfish. This research was conducted by experimental method. Based on the results of the recipe analysis, the starting recipe was produced which was then tested 3 times. From the QDA test conducted by 3 expert panelists, the best sample was chosen, namely KFCIP 3 with a composition of catfish 29.9%, squid 29.9%, shrimp 14.9%, wheat flour 3.7%, potato starch 5, 3%, garlic 3.2%, onion 4.3%, egg white, 4.3%, salt 1.9%, sugar 2.2% and white pepper 0.4%. Furthermore, organoleptic tests were carried out to determine the acceptability of 30 untrained panelists. From the results of the research and analysis carried out, it shows that the composition of taste, aroma, color, texture has acceptance with the "very favorable" category. Overall, Korean catfish fish cake has an acceptance category of "very liked". This research also produced a Korean fish cake formulation made from catfish which was positively received by consumers.
Analysis of The Use Of Canva Learning Media in The Food and Beverage Sanitation Course in The Public Health Study Program, Prima Nusantara University Bukittinggi
Authors: Erian Fatria
Published: November 2023

Based on data from the Ministry of Health, there were 4,792 cases of food poisoning in October 2023. The biggest source of mass poisoning was home cooking which accounted for 53% of cases. Household cooking is the cause of poisoning due to lack of attention to hygiene and sanitation when cooking. Therefore, it is very urgent to carry out the process of providing knowledge to students regarding food hygiene and sanitation by utilizing innovative learning media, with the hope of achieving the 3rd SDGs, namely increasing the level of health and welfare of the community. The aim of the research is to obtain information regarding the effectiveness of using Canva media in food and beverage sanitation lectures. This research was carried out at Prima Nusantara University Bukittinggi in September 2023 - November 2023. This research method was a quantitative method with a descriptive approach, involving 45 public health students, specializing in environmental health who were selected through purposive sampling. The research results show that the use of the Canva application in food and beverage sanitation lectures brings many benefits to students, not only the skills needed in the 21st century, but also creativity and imagination. Of course, in its use it requires assistance from lecturers or experts in the field. The conclusion obtained is that the Canva learning media is effective for use in food and beverage sanitation courses. Therefore, it is hoped that all lecturers and students at universities can take advantage of innovative learning media based on technology and artificial intelligence used in lectures so that they feel interesting and not monotonous.
Appropriate Primer Selection Improves Molecular Bird Sexing Accuracy
Authors: Fitriana Fauziah , Al Qodry Mas Farouq Uz Zaman , De Lucas Juan Carlos Greevins , Setyorini Dian Ritma , Aziz Fatkhanuddin
Published: November 2023

Birds sexing utilize the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique is increasingly being used by researchers and breeders. The PCR technique has high sensitivity, but its success is influenced by the specificity of the DNA template with the oligo primer used. This study aimed to evaluate 5 types of PCR primers P2/P8, 2550F/2718R, CHD1F/CHD1R, 1237L/1272H, and CHD1LF/CHD1LR to determine the sex of Phasianidae, Anatidae, Muscicapidae, and Psittacidae families. This research was conducted by tested primers mentioned above to amplify the target gene chromodomain helicase DNA binding 1 (CHD1) on DNA samples of each pair of males and females from four bird families, respectively. The results indicated that CHD1LF/CHD1LR PCR primer gave the best results and was recommended to determine the sex of four families tested. Some of other primers tested in this study failed to amplify targeted gene correctly, it is important to use appropriate primer to increase bird sexing accuracy.
Tolerance Level of Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) to Stress Acidity Through Tissue Culture Technique
Authors: Jannah Kennaya Putri Aura , Karti Panca Dewi Manu Hara , Prihantoro Iwan
Published: November 2023

Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) a high-quality legume that is rich in protein and grows on various soil types with a pH range of 5.5-8.9. This experiment was conducted to get the level of tolerance of butterfly pea plants to stress acidity at different levels through tissue culture technique. The study was designed using a complete randomized design with 6 treatments with the different levels of AlCl3 addition using Murashige Skoog (MS) media with 20 replications (P0 (0 ppm AlCl3), P1 (100 ppm AlCl3), P2 (200 ppm AlCl3), P3 (300 ppm AlCl3), P4 (400 ppm AlCl3), and P5 (500 ppm AlCl3)). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and if there was a significant difference, data were further analyzed using Duncan’s multiple range test. The variables observed were acidity media changes, plant height gain, number of leaves, number of branches, number of tillers, percentage of leaves withering, and leaf color. The results showed that the butterfly pea plant has mechanism of adaptation to acid stress on the parameters of plant height gain and number of leaves at the end of the observation. However, the level of plant tolerance on the parameters of the number of branches and the number of tillers was ≤ 300 ppm (pH 3.73).
A 25-Year Analysis of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Research in Orthopaedics Shows Majority Female Authorship and Increasing Gender Parity Research
Authors: Ojo Desiree E. , Martinez Victor H. , Zaheer Aroob , Williamson Tyler K. , Baird Michael D. , Dingle Marvin
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

Orthopaedic surgery is one of the least diverse fields in medicine. In recent decades, there has been a concerted effort to increase diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in the specialty, in addition to the institution of several organizations to establish the pipeline and facilitate underrepresented minority students into orthopaedic surgery. The aim of this study was to examine trends in orthopaedic surgery DEI research.

Methods:

A search of DEI articles was conducted in orthopaedic surgery using PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Education Resources Information Center. The year of publication, article topic of focus, sex of the primary author, publishing journal, citation index, and primary contributing institution were recorded for each article. Sex of the primary author was predicted by the authors using an online image search of the author and institution. Articles were excluded if the research was conducted outside of the United States or if they were not specific to orthopaedic surgery.

Results:

A total of 143 articles met the inclusion criteria. A total of 52.4% of authors (n = 75) were women and 44.1% (n = 63) were men. A total of 42.7% of the articles were written about sex (n = 61), 39.9% about race/ethnicity and sex (n = 57), and 11.9% about race/ethnicity (n = 17). A total of 10 articles were affiliated with Washington University in St. Louis while 51 other institutions wrote the remaining articles, with none having more than 4. Information could not be confirmed for 5 articles. In 2018, 5 articles were published, followed by 17 in 2019, 25 in 2020, 34 in 2021, and 30 in 2022.

Conclusion:

DEI research in orthopaedic surgery is a relatively new venture within the specialty and has room to grow, specifically in the examination of race/ethnicity and inclusion strategies. Leading journals and academic institutions in orthopaedic surgery should incentivize productivity and authorship in DEI research.

Level of Evidence:

III.
A study on the natural host range of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei in different species of shrimp and co-habiting aquatic fauna
Authors: Shirsak Mondal  , Deepika A. , Hundare Sagar , Poojary Nalini , Abraham T. J , K. Sreedharan  , Tripathi Gayatri , K. V. Rajendran
Published: November 2023

Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is a serious pathogen impacting farmed shrimpproduction in Asian countries. Though many aquatic organisms were reported to besusceptible to EHP, the full range of susceptible hosts, which have the potential to transmitthe pathogen to shrimp has not been identified. In this study, a range of farmed and wildinvertebrates and other cohabiting fauna from different ecological niches located in thecoastal and inland saline areas were subjected to PCR-based detection employing primerstargeting three different genes coding for small subunit (ssu) rRNA, spore wall protein(SWP) and β-tubulin. The PCR analysis with ssu-rRNA primers showed positive amplificationin Penaeus vannamei, Penaeus monodon, Penaeus indicus, marine shrimps, aquatic insect,mud crabs, freshwater crab and violet clam. PCR using SWP primers detected EHP inP. vannamei, P. monodon, aquatic insect and marine crabs, while the β-tubulin primersresulted in positive amplification only in mud crabs and P. vannamei. The PCR ampliconsrevealed 99-100% identity with the sequences of EHP. The present study forms the firstattempt to screen a wide range of aquatic fauna for EHP employing three different PCR testsand the findings are significant as these organisms have the potential to be carriers of EHPand are likely to transmit the parasite to shrimp culture systems.
Keywords:Co-habiting aquafauna, Enterocytozoonhepatopenaei, EHP, Host range, Shrimp culture
An insight into the fishery, biology and population dynamics of Auxis rochei (Risso, 1810) along the south-west coast of India
Authors: S. Surya  , E. M. Abdussamad  , R. Pratibha  , J. M. Ponni  , J.H. Kingsly  , S. Jasmine  , K. G. Mini  , K. M. Rajesh  , P. Abdul Azeez  , C. Anulekshmi  , H. M. Manas  , J. K. Dona  , D. Y. Dispin  , M. K. Anil
Published: November 2023

Auxis rochei is one of the coastal tunnies contributing substantially to the tuna landings inIndia, with an average (2014-2019) annual catch of 7210 t. Kerala stood first, with an annualaverage landing of 3176 t. The fishery comprised 14.5 - 39.6 cm fork length (FL) size groupswith a mean length of 27.64 cm and a major mode of 26 cm FL. The Length-weight (L-W)relationship of pooled fishes was expressed as W= 0.000003 L3.22 (r2= 0.91). The size at firstmaturity was estimated at 25.8 cm FL when the fish was 1.5 years old. The number of eggsper spawning ranged from 84,562 to 1,33,698 and the ova diameter ranged between 0.1and 0.6 mm, indicating asynchronous oocyte development with multiple spawning. Highergonadosomatic index (GSI) was recorded during April, May and June and coincided withthe minimum gastrosomatic index (GaSI). The recruitment pattern was bimodal, with variedintensity ranging from 0.79-17.89%. Growth was allometric and the von Bertalanffy growthequation derived was Lt=43.5(1-e-0.8(t+0.0212)). The growth performance index (ɸ) was 3.18 andthe longevity of the fish was estimated at 3.7 years. One-year-old plus fishes sustained thefishery (22 - 32 cm FL). Total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality (F)were estimated at 3.70, 1.40 and 2.30, respectively, with an exploitation rate (E) of 0.62and the exploitation ratio (U) of 0.60. Beverton and Holt yield per recruit (Y/R) and Biomassper recruit analysis indicated that the Emax was at 0.87, much higher than the present levelof exploitation, reflecting the sustainable fishery along the coast. Standing stock biomass(SSB) was estimated at 7215.7 t, and the spawning stock biomass formed 55.5% of the SSB.Thompson and Bell analysis indicated the MSY as 8125 t, at F-factor, 2.6. The biologicalreference points FCURR/FMSY (0.4) and BCURR/BMSY (1.5) were at safe levels, signifying the scopefor fishery enhancement.
Keywords:Biological reference point, Fecundity, Growth, GSI,L-W relationship, Mean length, Mortality, SSB
Assessment of Osteobrama belangeri (Pengba), a high-value medium carp endemic to North-east India for thermal tolerance limits
Authors: Sanjay Kumar Das  , Sevok Handique  , Debnath Chandan , S. Gojendra Singh  , Prasanta Mahanta
Published: November 2023

Critical thermal maxima (CTmax), lethal temperature maxima (LTmax), opercular respirationrate (ORR - movement of operculum per minute), temperature quotient (Q10) and stressmarkers of Osteobrama belangeri (Pengba), a high-value medium carp endemic tohilly ecosystems of North-east India, were examined with the aim of understanding itsaquaculture potential and management requirements in the event of a temperature rise.Fish (7.82±0.35 cm/4.64±0.36 g) were acclimatised at 20, 25 and 30°C in insulated tanks(10 fish per tank) for 30 days. They were then exposed to a water temperature increase(@ 1°C day-1) using a locally-fabricated thermostat and assessed for CTmax, LTmax and ORR.As the acclimation temperature increased from 20 to 30°C, CTmax, LTmax and ORR of thefish significantly increased. Regression analysis indicated a strong positive correlationbetween acclimation temperatures and CTmax (y = 0.22x + 33.55, R² = 0.97) and LTmax(y = 0.27x + 32.86, R² = 0.99). Fish blood samples were collected at the endpoints ofCTmax and LTmax and analysed for serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. The resultsindicated that the fish experienced maximum stress at an acclimation temperature of 30°C(ALP: 38.7 U l-1), followed by 25°C (35.6 U l-1) and 20°C (31.7 U l-1). The results suggestedthat a water temperature increase above 30°C can impair the physiology of O. belangeri andconsequently, their reproductive competence. Therefore, in such events, proper managementand additional care are necessary to protect them from extinction.
Keywords:Critical thermal maxima, Lethal temperaturemaxima, Osteobrama belangeri, Thermal limit,Temperature quotient
Optimisation of cryovials and milt dilution ratios to upscale carp sperm cryopreservation for use in hatchery seed production
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Kumar Aditya , Rama Shankar Sah  , Ajay Kumar Singh  , Ajay Yadav  , Arvind Verma  , Deepti Negi  , Hayin Tamut  , Kuldeep Kumar Lal
Published: November 2023

This study reports the experimental results carried out to optimise containers and miltdilution ratios for carp sperm cryopreservation, in order to make the process simple andcompatible with the needs of commercial carp seed production, which is a small-scale andlow technology sector in Asia. The procedure optimisation for up-scaling was assessedby the ability of cryopreserved sperms to fertilise Cyprinsu carpio eggs and hatchingpercentage, in three different experiments. In the first experiment, we tested the effect ofmilt to different extender dilutions (1:4, 1:6 and 1:8); the second experiment tested theeffect of container capacities (0.5 ml French straw; 2 ml and 5 ml cryovials) with two dilutionratios (1:3 and 1:6) and in the third experiment, the efficacy of pre-mix of extender salts andindividually pre-weighed salts stored over 5 months was compared with fresh preparationof extender. Out of the three dilutions tested, two dilutions viz., 1:4 and 1:6, yielded hatchingabove 50%. We also used the milt cryopreserved at dilution of 1:3 which was post-thawdiluted with extender, to make final dilution of 1:6, to fertilise the eggs. This post-thawdilution in the ratio 1:6, yielded the results comparable to the milt cryopreserved in 1:6dilution. This approach can help small-scale seed producers to store more sperm withinthe limits of the cost of liquid nitrogen. The extender salt composition, pre-weighed andpre-mixed, was also found to give comparable results to the fresh composition after storageover 5 months. This can assist in developing ready to use, cost-effective, working kitsavailable to semi-technical hatchery seed producers. The parameters optimised in the studyhas potential to be transformed as an easy strategy with the use of 5 ml vial, cryopreservedat 1:3 dilution, with further post-thaw dilution at site, thus aiding in fertilisation of largevolume of eggs produced by high fecund carp species within the limited time available formaintaining good gamete quality.
Keywords:Cryobanking, Cryovials, Dilution, Salt premix
Improving household fish and vegetable availability through participation of rural women: A case study
Authors: S. Tanuja  , A. Sarkar  , G. Moharana  , C. S. Mhatre
Published: November 2023

Homestead integrated aquaculture has immense potential towards alleviating poverty andundernourishment. In order to have sustainable and equitable impacts through small holderaquaculture innovations, a focus on gender being included at the very start of the designand dissemination is required. The present case study showcases the impact of genderinclusive interventions in improving the participation of women in homestead aquaculture,thereby improving the household fish and vegetable availability and income. Conservation ofthe diminishing stock of small indigenous fishes by deliberately farming them along with theIndian major carps (IMCs) was also a focus of the study. A gender inclusive approach wasadopted in the capacity building of women on scientific aquaculture management practices.Twenty four homestead ponds having areas ranging from 0.17-0.22 ha in Puri District, Odishacovering a total area of 4 ha from four villages were selected to undertake participatoryaction research. The ponds were stocked with IMCs @10000 ha-1 and small indigenousfishes like Amblyphanrynogon mola and Puntius spp. @25000 ha-1. Several women friendlyinterventions like gillnets (mesh size 12 mm) a passive fishing gear and trellis systemaround pond bund for growing climber vegetables were introduced in the villages with anaim to improve the participation of women in homestead integrated aquaculture. As a resultof the interventions, the fish production increased from 0.75 t ha-1 yr-1 to 2.48 t ha-1 yr-1.The involvement of women in harvesting of small fish using passive gear like gillnets andtraps resulted in regular fortnightly availability of around 750 g of small micronutrient richfish to rural families. The utilisation of pond bund for growing vegetables following thecropping calendar resulted in production around 790 kg vegetables per hectare of pondarea. The study showed that women can immensely contribute to increasing and stabilisingfamily income and in improving family nutrition by participating in homestead integratedaquaculture. The research also proved that polyculture of IMCs with small indigenous fishesby following the scientific management practices will result in better yield, improved fishavailability to the house and better management of the household resources.
Keywords: Aquaculture, Empowerment, Household, Horticulture, Participation, Women
Growth disorders in children with Citrin deficiency and Turner syndrome：a case report.
Authors: li xian , Zhang qiang , Liu jing , Xie zhenhua , Zhang zhenkun , Xiao mengjun , Li dongxiao , Zhang yaodong
Published: November 2023

Background
The protein product encoded by SLC25A13 gene is citrin, and its deficiency can cause neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis, which is more common in Asian countries. Turner syndrome is the only viable monosomy syndrome in humans and occurs in approximately 1:2500 female live births. Neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency combined with Turner syndrome is rare. We report the clinical features of this patient.
Case presentation:
The patient in this case was a girl aged 2 years and 8 months. Blood tandem mass spectrometry and urine organic acid analysis highly suspected "citrin deficiency". Medical whole exon analysis showed citrin deficiency and Turner syndrome. At the age of 5 months, his weight was 5.4kg and length 55cm (< Physical examination at the age of 2 years and 6 months showed a height of 85cm and weight of 13kg.
Conclusions
We experienced a case of NICCD in a patient with Turner syndrome. This case illustrates that short stature was the prominent manifestation of Citrin deficiency complicated with Turner syndrome.
Tailoring the quantum anomalous layer Hall effect in multiferroic bilayers through sliding
Authors: Zhao Mingwen , Liu Kehan , Ma Xikui , Li Yangyang
Published: November 2023

Layer Hall effect (LHE) initially discovered in the magnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4 film expands the Hall effect family and opens a promising avenue for layertronics applications. In this study, we present an innovative ferroelectric bilayer model to attain a tunable quantum anomalous layer Hall effect (QALHE). This model comprises two ferromagnetic orbital-active Dirac monolayers stacked antiferromagnetically, accompanied by out-of-plane electric polarization. The interplay between the layer-locked Berry curvature and the intrinsic out-of-plane electric polarization leads to layer-polarized near-quantized anomalous Hall conductance. Using first-principles calculations, we have identified a promising material for this model, namely FeS bilayer. Our calculations demonstrate that the intrinsic out-of-plane electric polarization in the Bernal-stacked FeS bilayer can induce QALHE by regulating the layer-locked Berry curvature of FeS monolayers. Importantly, the intrinsic electric filed can be reversed through interlayer sliding. The discovery of ferroelectrically modulated QALHE paves the way for the integrability and non-volatility of layertronics, offering exciting prospects for future applications.
Assessing the Impact of Social Trust on Attitudes Towards Immigrants: Evidence from Brazil
Authors: Santos Wagner Martins dos , Steiner Andrea Quirino , Alves Elia Elisa Cia , Malaquias Caio
Published: November 2023

Since the 2000s, the number of immigrants has been growing in Brazil. Following this, the cases of xenophobia became more frequent. This paper investigates whether social trust, here categorized into generalized and particularized, can reduce negative attitudes towards immigrants. Although this relationship has already been studied in other countries, no study has yet been applied to the Brazilian case. We hypothesize that greater social trust is related to a more positive attitude towards immigrants. Using data from the World Values ​​Survey wave 7, and applying a logit model, we found a positive relationship, even after the inclusion of controls, corroborating the argument that social trust is a relevant proxy to reduce negative perceptions towards immigrants. Regarding the political implications, our results suggest that public policies targeting social trust building can be beneficial to reduce tensions between natives and immigrants, and consequently the cases of xenophobia and intolerance in Brazil.
The impact of online yoga on sleep and quality of life in women with breast cancer: a randomized trial
Authors: Dordevic Dusan , Garnier Jeanne , Mundhenke Christoph , Mackelenbergh Marion Tina van , Seitz Stephan
Published: November 2023

Introduction There is growing evidence of the benefit of physical activity and mindfulness in breast cancer patients1. Yoga offers a combination of both. The aim of this study was to establish an online yoga program for breast cancer patients and survivors. As the project was launched during the (Covid) pandemic restrictions, we intended to prove effective online yoga as a way to access supportive therapy independently of sanitary issues and geographic locations in rural regions.
Methods The two main outcomes were quality of life and sleep quality, and both were evaluated by standardized questionnaires (EORTC-QLQ 30 BR 23 and PSQI). Participants (n=173) had breast cancer or a history of breast cancer and were randomized to either 6 weeks online yoga, twice a week for 45 minutes or a waiting control group.
Results Our results show improved sleep quality in the PSQI score and improved subitems (dyspnea and physical activity) in the EORTC quality of life score.
Discussion Online yoga seems to be a valid option in supportive therapy for breast cancer patients, as it improves physical fitness, dyspnea and overall sleep quality. It is also safe and cost effective as a remote intervention.
Trial registration number and date of registration for prospectively registered trials: DRKSID DRKS00029548, 07.07.2022
WHO International clinical trials registry platform number: DRKS00029548
The registration number of the ethical committee CAU in Kiel: D 589/20
Study on heat transfer performance of oscillating heat pipes of nano-fluids based on molecular dynamics
Authors: Wang Lipeng , Lipeng Wang , Xiaolei Fan , Hongren Zhan , Jincheng Li
Published: November 2023

The heat transfer of nano-fluids in oscillating heat pipes was analyzed from both macroscopic and microscopic perspectives, and a multi-scale model for nano-fluids was proposed. Molecular dynamics was used to study the thermophysical properties and microscopic mechanisms of CuO-water nano-fluids, the boiling phenomenon of nanofluids was simulated by molecular dynamics, and the motion of nano-particles during boiling was analyzed. A multi-scale model of oscillating heat pipe was established, and the macroscopic characteristics of oscillating heat pipe were analyzed based on the microscopic analysis results, and the multi-scale model was verified by experimental research on oscillating heat pipes of nano-fluids.
Pair-density wave signature observed by x-ray scattering in La-based high-Tc cuprates
Authors: Lee Jun-Sik , Kivelson Steven , Wang Tong , Ikeda Yoichi , Taniguchi Takanori , Fujita Masaki , Kao Chi-Chang
Published: November 2023

Suggestive, but indirect evidence of the existence of pair-density wave (PDW) order in several high-Tc cuprates has been reported. As this constitutes a new quantum phase of matter, it is important to establish its existence at least somewhere in the phase diagram. However, a direct correspondence between experiment and theory has remained elusive. Here, we report the observation of a theoretically predicted PDW bulk signature in two La-based cuprates, Sr-doped La1.875Ba0.125CuO4 and Fe-doped La1.87Sr0.13CuO4, through a comprehensive study that incorporates zero-magnetic field x-ray scattering, neutron scattering, and transport measurements. Specifically, we observe the emergence of so-called "1Q" order, which is to say subharmonic order associated with the charge-density wave (CDW) stripes, in a range of temperatures in which independent evidence suggests the co-existence of PDW long-range order and fluctuating uniform superconducting order. The subharmonic order is most pronounced around a half-integer l-vector, where the CDW diffraction peak is also strongest. This is consistent with the theoretical proposal that the cancellation of the Josephson coupling ("layer-decoupling"), is a signature of PDW order and that it is commensurately locked to the density wave stripes that are known to alternate orientation between adjacent layers. Even if the PDW is not the "mother of all state", it is at least a close relative – possibly a second cousin.
Catalytic activation of persulfate by nanoscale zero-valent iron-derived supported boron-doped porous carbon for bisphenol A degradation
Authors: Du Fuxiang , Huo Xiaowei , Xue Chao , Zhang Chenggui , Wang Huichao , Dai Chao , Yang Yang , Lai Cheng , He Junjun
Published: November 2023

In this study, boron modified carbon materials (BCs) with porous structures and high surface areas were firstly synthesized employing coffee grounds, sodium bicarbonate and boric acid as precursors, afterward, nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and BCs composites (denoted as nZVI@BCs) were synthesized through reduction of FeSO4 by NaBH4 along with stirring. The catalytic performance of the nZVI@BCs was evaluated for the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) via persulfate (PS) activation. In comparison with nZVI@Cs/PS, nZVI@BCs/PS could greatly promote the degradation and mineralization of BPA. Further analysis exhibited that our system existed radical pathway and non-radical pathway for BPA removal. On the one hand, electron spin resonance and radical quenching studies represented that •OH, SO4•− and O2•− were mainly produced in the nZVI@BCs/PS system, which were responsible for the degradation of BPA. On the other hand, the open circuit voltages of nZVI@BCs and nZVI@Cs in different systems indicated that non-radical pathway still existed in our system. PS could grab the unstable unpaired electron on nZVI@BCs to form a carbon materials surface-confined complex ([nZVI@BCs]*) with a high redox potential, then accelerate BPA removal efficiency via electron transfer. Furthermore, the performances and mechanisms for BPA degradation were examined by PS activation with nZVI@BCs composites at various conditions including dosages of nZVI@BCs, BPA and PS, initially pH value, temperature, common anions and humid acid. This study provides a novel insight for development of high-performance carbon catalysts toward environmental remediation.
Development and Application of a Mechanical Arm-Based In Situ 3D Bioprinting Method for the Repair of Skin Wounds
Authors: Luo Yichen , xusong Xue , Gao Yuanzhong , Ma Jien , Zhou Xuhui , Li Qi , Yang Huayong , Zhang Bin
Published: November 2023

Current treatments for skin wounds typically involve multiple surgical procedures that require complex processes and expensive costs, making it difficult to achieve timely treatment in field environments. We developed an innovative in situ printing method, utilizing robotic arm control, to address the significant challenges of large-scale skin wound repair resulting from natural disasters such as earthquakes, fires, and explosions during relief efforts. Our portable 3D printing equipment, which integrates debridement, precise 3D scanning and modeling of wounds, and compatibility with cell-loaded bioink, facilitates rapid repair of large-area skin wounds in specialized field environments. Compared with traditional methods, this in situ printing method has significant advantages, including the ability to customize treatment according to the unique needs of the wound, achieve rapid healing, and the potential to reduce the total cost. We conducted experiments on rats with full-thickness dorsal skin defects and compared the performance of in situ bioprinting method with commercial skin defect repair dressings. Our results demonstrate that the in situ bioprinted skin achieved faster wound healing and more uniform re-epithelialization than the commercial dressing treatment. This study demonstrates the potential of in situ bioprinting method as a promising and effective strategy for rapid skin wound healing, especially for patients in remote environments where traditional wound treatment methods may not be readily available or practical.
Deep-learning-based decomposition of overlapping-sparse images: application at the vertex of neutrino interactions
Authors: Monsalve Saúl Alonso , Sgalaberna Davide , Zhao Xingyu , Molines Adrien , McGrew Clark , Rubbia André
Published: November 2023

Image decomposition plays a crucial role in various computer vision tasks, enabling the analysis and manipulation of visual content at a fundamental level. Overlapping images, which occur when multiple objects or scenes partially occlude each other, pose unique challenges for decomposition algorithms. The task intensifies when working with sparse images, where the scarcity of meaningful information complicates the precise extraction of components. This paper presents a solution that leverages the power of deep learning to accurately extract individual objects within multi-dimensional overlapping-sparse images, with a direct application in high-energy physics with decomposition of overlaid elementary particles obtained from imaging detectors.
In particular, the proposed approach tackles a highly complex yet unsolved problem: identifying and measuring independent particles at the vertex of neutrino interactions, where one expects to observe detector images with multiple indiscernible overlapping charged particles. By decomposing the image of the detector activity at the vertex through deep learning, it is possible to infer the kinematic parameters of the identified low-momentum particles - which otherwise would remain neglected - and enhance the reconstructed energy resolution of the neutrino event.
We also present an additional step - that can be tuned directly on detector data - combining the above method with a fully-differentiable generative model to improve the image decomposition further and, consequently, the resolution of the measured parameters, achieving unprecedented results. This improvement is crucial for precisely measuring the parameters that govern neutrino flavour oscillations and searching for asymmetries between matter and antimatter.