bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A escola de qualidade
Authors: Franceschi Neto Marília de
Published: January 2024

A definição da escola de qualidade. O professor da escola de qualidade. Qualidade pessoal e qualidade profissional.
Fluxo de potência trifásico radial para sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica
Authors: Trindade Junior Walmeran José
Published: January 2024

Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um programa computacional de fluxo de potência trifásico para sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica radiais, e tem a finalidade de investigar os efeitos do desequilíbrio do sistema, da queda de tensão e da modelagem das cargas nas perdas elétricas [...].
Síntese, caracterização e termoquímica de compostos de coordenação entre a anilina e os haletos de Zn(II), Cd(II) e Hg(II)
Authors: Silva Junior Umberto Gomes da , Oliveira Otom Anselmo De
Published: January 2024

A anilina, um líquido incolor, oleoso e facilmente oxidado pelo ar foi utilizada como ligante na preparação dos compostos de coordenação do tipo M [...].
Qualidade da energia elétrica
Authors: Trindade Júnior Walmeran José
Published: January 2024

Neste artigo são abordados alguns temas relativos a uma emergente área da Engenharia Elétrica, conhecida como Qualidade da Energia Elétrica ("Power Quality"). A definição dos problemas, a caracterização dos distúrbios e comentários sobre a responsabilidade da qualidade da energia elétrica são descritos.
Projeto modificando a imagem: a informática e a metodologia triangular no ensino de Arte
Authors: Costa Robson Xavier da , Oliveira Waldívia Rodrigues
Published: January 2024

O presente trabalho destina-se a descrever uma prática interdisciplinar entre artes e informática educacional, visando favorecer o acesso ao saber histórico, crítico e participativo, fundamentando na história, na leitura e no fazer arte.
How to Optimize Local Government Supervision of Medical Waste Management in Healthcare Facilities?
Authors: Wahyati Yustina Endang , Nurmardiansyah Eko , Saraswati Rika , Elwina Simandjuntak Marcella
Published: January 2024

Medical waste is classified as hazardous and toxic that causes environmental pollution and impacts public health. The management of this medical waste in healthcare facilities is under the supervision of multiple government bodies. However, the approach is not effective due to the overlapping regulations. This research proposes an effective solution for the supervision of medical waste in Indonesia. This is prescriptive qualitative research, and documentation studies are carried out by tracing relevant library sources. Field studies were conducted through online interviews equipped with focus group discussions (FGDs) to obtain complete data from the speakers, which were further analyzed using a qualitative approach. Regulations have existed, but the implementation has not been optimal, so there is still a lot of pollution due to medical waste that endangers public health. Optimization of local government supervision of medical waste needs to be carried out by enforcing regulations on medical waste. Local governments carry out preventive supervision through facilitation by providing infrastructure and guidance on medical waste management technology. The provision of sanctions for those who continue to violate the regulations is a form of repressive supervision so that public health is protected.
Keywords: Surveillance; Local government; Medical waste; Health care facilities
Smart Policing in Overcoming Sexting Emergency Among Adolescents
Authors: . Haris , Wulandari Siti , Monique Cindy , Bhirini Slamet Aprilia
Published: January 2024

This research is motivated by the rampant cases of sexting among teenagers having a lot of negative impact on the victims. So protection and law enforcement are needed with the smart policing approach because sexting is a crime that utilizes technology. This study aims to determine legal protection for victims of sexting and law enforcement against sexting perpetrators through smart policing among adolescents. The type of research that the authors use is normative juridical. There are two forms of legal protection for victims of sexting among adolescents using Smart Policing, namely preventive and repressive legal protection. Preventive legal protection with Smart Policing, by providing information and appeals through social media owned by the Police. Meanwhile, repressive legal protection applies E-Policing, namely E-Dumas and online complaint websites. Law enforcement against sexting is talking about the sanctions contained in laws and regulations, namely the ITE Law and the Pornography Law. Apart from that it also pays attention to the provisions related to age, sanctions, and juvenile justice process limits, if the perpetrator of sexting is a child.
Keywords: smart policing, sexting, adolescents
Green Legality Certificate on Agrarian Reform: Indonesian Experience
Authors: Jaelani Abdul Kadir , Octavia Kusumaningtyas Reza , Dian Luthviati Resti , Al Fatih Sholahuddin , Siboy Ahmad
Published: January 2024

As the most essential human need, territory is crucial for the survival of humanity. The increase in population and demand for land, as a result of urbanization, can no longer satisfy human requirements. The research method in this study is a normative legal research method. The approach method uses a statute approach, a comparative approach, and an analytical approach. The green certification serves as evidence for the legality of a building, fulfilling the criteria for a green building, as well as supports the green movement, which contributes to a positive public image. In the future, unregistered land could receive electronic certificates for the first time through land registration. As a guarantee of ownership of land rights, the legislation provides holders of electronic certificates with legal protection. The electronic information and transaction law (IET Law) accepts electronic land certificates as proof of electronic tenure.
Keywords: green legality, land, certificate, Agrarian reform
The Development of Recognition and Protection of the Customary Rights of Indigenous Peoples in Indonesia
Authors: Lubis Asmadi , . Runtung , Kaban Maria , Ikhsan Edy
Published: January 2024

indigenous people of Indonesia occasionally experience changes to their customary rights. The Dutch East Indies government has had exclusive jurisdiction over the communities with customary law since the time of Dutch colonial rule. Following Indonesia’s independence, Agrarian development saw quite radical transformations, including the establishment of ulayat rights for communities governed by customary law. A groundbreaking law, known as Law No. 5 of 1960 addressing Basic Agrarian Regulations, was created in 1960. Ulayat rights are acknowledged for existing and being put into practice. This essay examines Indonesia’s legal community’ growing acceptance of customary rights. This kind of research refers to the norms found in statutory rules and is normative in nature because it is based on primary and secondary legal materials. The study’s findings demonstrate that for communities governed by customary law or indigenous peoples who have lost their traditional territory, recognition does not always ensure justice. The defense of their customary rights cannot be made based on government rules and legislation.
Keywords: recognition, protection, indigenous people, Indonesia
The Concept of Pancasila in Guaranteeing the Legal Protection of Indonesian Customary Law Communities
Authors: Lubis Asmadi , . Runtung , Kaban Maria , Ikhsan Edy
Published: January 2024

The existence and rights of indigenous peoples faced several challenges during this time of rapid development. Indigenous and tribal people are weak and marginalized because of these issues. This is due to how differently everyone participates in positions in communities with customary land and customary law in the framework of life in the country and state based on Pancasila and the constitution. The issue raised in this essay is how to provide progressive legal protection for indigenous and tribal peoples’ existence, while also achieving their welfare. This essay adopts a conceptual approach, with Pancasila serving as the fundamental principle for ensuring the legal protection of indigenous and tribal populations in Indonesia. This essay also makes use of Customary law communities that are protected by the current legal system, which is more static, constrained, and legalistic than it has ever been. The issue of how communities with customary law are acknowledged must be addressed in terms of legal protection. The state should enact laws and procedures to offer legal defense based on instruction and empowerment. These laws and policies are examples of progressive legal theory; they are founded on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution, which positions humanity as bringing justice, wealth, and happiness to indigenous and tribal people.
Keywords: Pancasila, Protection, Customary, law
Implementation of Online Dispute Resolution Sharia Arbitration in the New Normal Era (Basyarnas-Indonesia)
Authors: Yuli Hartati S Sawitri , Rusdi Daud Muhammad , . Mardani , Azizah Aprida
Published: January 2024

Changes in behavior to continue carrying out normal activities or continuing habits that were previously carried out during the implementation of regional quarantine or large-scale social restrictions (PSBB) are the post-Covid 19 new normal era. This also affects behavior in the world of justice, especially trials that are carried out simply and quickly. This research will also discuss the use of online dispute resolution (ODR) that can be applied in Sharia economic dispute cases at Basyarnas, and understanding in terms of examinations based on electronic evidence other than written evidence. Also for the sake of caution that must be examined regarding physical evidence in court so that this evidence gains strength and validity according to the law as an update in court administration to overcome obstacles in the process of conducting an effective and efficient trial. The nature of this research is an analytical perspective and modernly the Supreme Court with Permanya Number 1 of 2019 regarding trials in court electronically implemented for the sake of legal certainty. So dispute resolution is non-litigation in the muamalah field. Though Sharia Arbitration, can be done by ODR.
Keywords: implementation, Sharia arbitration, ODR
Marrying Unwanted Pregnant Girl Phenomenon in Indonesia: Is it in the Child's Best Interests?
Authors: Sundari Elisabeth , Retnowati Anny
Published: January 2024

This research aims to examine the dynamic meaning of ’the best interests of the child’ in Indonesia’s phenomenon of marrying unwanted pregnant girls. Using normative legal research, the data compiled on the parent’s reason and the judges’ considerations in granting child marriage at Wonosari Religious Court in four latest years (2019-2022). The results indicate that parents and partners tend to propose child marriage dispensation rather than preventing it, in case the partner is already pregnant. The primary reasons of the parent, such as religious principles, protecting the fetus, and the family’s good name, dominantly color the meaning of ’the best interest of the child’. These reasons were well supported by the judges.. This research contributes to the finding that external factors, such as local culture and religion, can influence the dynamic meaning of ’the best interests of the child.’
Keywords: best interest, child marriage, local cultures, religious, unwanted pregnant
Unfair Business Competition in Bankruptcy Institutions and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations in Indonesia
Authors: Rahardhini Halida , Emirzon Joni , Purba Hasim , Harianto Dedi
Published: January 2024

Unfair business competition in the business world is not uncommon even though there has been a law on the prohibition of monopolistic practices and unfair business competition, namely Law Number 5 of 1999. Basically, in carrying out business activities, it is natural for business actors to compete with other business actors, but must comply with legal signs governing such competition. Along with the increasingly complex development of the business world and the ever older anti-monopoly and unfair business competition laws, unfair business competition practices are also developing. On this occasion, unfair business competition practices will be discussed by bankrupting competing business actors. The study in this paper uses the normative juridical research method which prioritizes literature studies through the applicable laws and regulations in Indonesia as well as several related book references and uses an analytical descriptive approach. Based on the studies carried out, along with the results of his research, competition for market share control for business actors is a very strategic matter as a result of which business actors often use unhealthy methods as stipulated in the anti-monopoly and unfair business competition law. Unfair business competition in the perspective of bankruptcy law as mentioned above can occur due to weaknesses in regulatory patterns regarding bankruptcy requirements as stated in Article 2 paragraph (1) UUK & PKPU.
Keywords: unfair business competition practices, bankruptcy
Transformation of Mortgage Rights Registration by Electronic System
Authors: Sumanto Listyowati , Eka Sihombing Irene , Pandamdari Endang , Mariane Irene , Kartikasari Elsi
Published: January 2024

On entering the digital era, the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency introduced electronic land services, including electronic mortgage rights. To facilitate investment needs by applying for bank loans and to improve mortgage rights services in meeting the principles of transparency, timeliness, speed, convenience, effectiveness, and efficiency. This research aims to describe and analyze the arrangement of electronic mortgage rights system services, and the advantages and disadvantages faced by the organizers and users of the electronic mortgage rights system services. The type of research used is descriptive normative legal research. Secondary data were analyzed qualitatively. For the conclusion deductive logic was used. The research results showed that the types of services in the electronic mortgage rights system include registration of mortgage rights, transfer of mortgage rights, change of creditor name, and cancellation of liability electronically integrated mortgage rights service mechanisms. The land deed officials, creditors, and the land office experienced problems while registering mortgage rights in the electronic system. There are advantages and disadvantages to an electronic mortgage rights system. There are unclear settings. It is proposed that the rules regarding electronic mortgage rights must be revised regarding the improvement period for electronic mortgage rights applications. The provisions of Article 10 paragraph (3) of the Mortgage Rights Law cannot be implemented because the Electronic Mortgage Rights are based on land data that has been legalized and registered with the local land office. The provisions of Article 10 paragraph (3) of the Mortgage Rights Law must accommodate.
Keywords: mortgage rights, registration, electronic system, advantages, disadvantages
Free Trade Principles of the Service Sector Applicable on Mutual Recognition Arrangement in ASEAN
Authors: Nurahmi Nasution Siti , . Sutiarnoto , Leviza Jelly , . Adwani
Published: January 2024

Free trade extends to services as well as to goods. In this situation, removing trade restrictions on services is necessary to increase market accessibility. While this is going on, the application of national treatment, technical regulations, standards, and conformity assessment might be a barrier to the free trade of services. This research intends to examine the “mutual recognition arrangement’s” (MRA) free trade principles for the services sector. This research is normative legal research. MRA is one of ASEAN’s policies in facilitating free trade including trade in services. Under AFAS (“ASEAN Framework Agreement on Services”), which intends to mobilize trade in the service sector, particularly about standardization and conformity assessment, MRA on free trade in the service sector is developed. The principle of non-discrimination, which consists of “most favored nations” (MFN), national treatment, and transparency, supports free trade in the service industry. Free trade in the service sector through the MRA has the principle of mutual recognition through testing of qualification requirements and technical standards that have been approved by member states without discrimination such as giving special treatment. Every producer gets equal treatment both at home and abroad, and all provisions and policies must be published so that each member of the state may be aware of them.
Keywords: principles of MRA, free trade in services sector, MRA
Mudharabah Financing Dispute Resolution in Sharia Banking
Authors: Khairunnisak Zaisika , Purba Hasyim , Maharany Barus Utary , Aprilyana Idha
Published: January 2024

Indonesia adopted the Sharia Law System. The implementation of the adoption of the Sharia Law System, the legal fact, has resulted in the development of Sharia banking business practices in Indonesia. In carrying out Sharia banking business practices, Sharia banks can distribute funds to customers receiving facilities in the form of mudharabah financing. In the implementation of the mudharabah contract, disputes can occur, which of course must be resolved. This research discusses mudharabah financing by Sharia banks to the customers who receive facilities, which in practice does not rule out the possibilities between Sharia banks and customers receiving facilities, which of course must be resolved. In this regard, this research is focused on examining the legal certainty of mudharabah financing dispute resolution in Sharia banking. This research type used is normative. The method used in this research is a normative juridical research method. This research is a desscriptive analysis, using various types of data in legal research. The study’s findings suggest that in the absence of a dispute resolution provision in the mudarabah contract, disputes were resolved in religious tribunals. If there is a clause, nonetheless, its application must not go against Shariah law. In the event of any non-compliance, the Central Bank of Indonesia (Bank Indonesia) will impose administrative sanctions on Shariah banks.
Keywords: dispute, financing, Sharia
Illegal Electronic Investments in Trade Robot Missions According to the Criminal Law in Indonesia
Authors: Samosir Gelmok , Danil Elwi , Yunara Edi , . Marlina
Published: January 2024

Various financial technology companies are currently using standard agreements. With the rise of standard agreements, business actors began to include exoneration clauses to release all forms of responsibility for losses suffered by consumers. One of the companies that has included the exoneration clause is Koinworks in Article 5 of the Koinworks Terms & Conditions. Based on this statement, the authors conducted this research using two problem formulations, namely what are the legal consequences of applying the exoneration clause in standard agreements made by financial technology business actors when viewed from Article 1320 of the Civil Code? And how about preventive legal protection against leakage of consumer data by the negligence of financial technology companies? To be able to answer the formulation of the problem, the authors use normative juridical research methods with a statutory approach. The results of the study show that the legal consequences of applying the exoneration clause in standard agreements made by Financial Technology business actors when viewed from Article 1320 of the Civil Code, it can be concluded that the exoneration clause can be null and void by law. Then, preventive legal protection needs to be carried out by optimizing supervision by the Financial Services Authority, such as taking action against companies that have violated statutory provisions before the occurrence of disputes or problems.
Keywords: Legal Protection; Data Leakage; Financial Technology Companies.
Challenges in Protecting Architecture of Traditional Houses in Indonesia
Authors: Patriana Yuswar Cheryl , . Runtung , Keizerina Devi Azwar T. , Budi Maulana Insan
Published: January 2024

This paper aims to analyze the regulations related to protecting the architecture of the traditional house in Indonesia and the challenges in related regulations. To achieve these goals, the research uses a normative legal writing method with descriptive-analytical specifications. Firstly, the findings reveal that traditional houses are part of traditional cultural expressions (TCE). Indonesia protects architectural works and TCE in the same intellectual property regime, namely copyright. Therefore, this paper examines the protection of traditional house architecture from the perspective of Copyright law, the Law on the Advancement of Culture, and the TCE Bill. The abovementioned regulations state that the architecture is a protected object unless the TCE Bill is. Second, there are some challenges, such as 1) the priority of the TCE Bill after the change of president; 2) song and music get more benefit from copyright protection rather than the other objects in the copyright regime and no implementing regulation on architecture; and 3) the TCE data collection/inventory is still not optimal yet. Therefore, Indonesia needs to think more seriously about adequate and applicable legal protection for traditional house architecture and other TCEs. The central government should encourage regional governments and related parties to continue data collection and registration of various TCEs in each region to increase the number of registered TCEs. The central government should provide a target number of registered TCEs for the local government. If the target is met, the central government will give a reward so that the local government and related parties will be more enthusiastic about collecting data and registering the TCE with DJKI.
Keywords: architecture, traditional house, legal protection, Indonesia
Analysis of Meaningful Community Participation in Environmental Sustainability
Authors: . Rachmawaty , . Hartiwiningsih , Ayu Ketut Rachmi Handayani Gusti
Published: January 2024

Indonesia has declared that obtaining a good and healthy environment is part of its constitution and human rights. Moreover, the policies governing public participation in creating the environmental policies supporting this assertion, should be considered. This study aims to analyze meaningful community participation in environmental sustainability. The results show that community participation in protecting a good and healthy environment often encounters resistance from business actors whose business activities are suspected to cause environmental pollution or damage. The actions of business actors who report to the police or sue affected communities and environmental rights fighters or activists, carrying out community participation in the form of conveying information, complaints, and objections through media or demonstrations are intended by the plaintiff or the reporting party to remain silent and stop participation.
Keywords: anti-SLAPP, environmental, sustainability, participation
The Attorney's Wiretapping Authority in Special Crimes and Military Crime Connection Cases
Authors: Wibisono Danny K Wibisono , Hariyanti Dilla , . Mugiati
Published: January 2024

The authority in lawful interception in the legal norms in force, in Indonesia today, can be exercised by Law Enforcement Officials (APH) and State Intelligence (IN). APH includes the Police, the Attorney General’s Office, the National Narcotics Agency, and the Corruption Eradication Commission, while the only state intelligence agency that has authority is the State Intelligence Agency. The Attorney General’s Office in accordance with legal norms has the authority to investigate general crimes in accordance with the material provisions of the Criminal Code (KUHP), special crimes according to provisions outside the Criminal Code, and military crimes in accordance with the provisions of military criminal law after the formation of the Junior Attorney General for Military Criminals ( Jampidmil). The Attorney General’s authority is to handle specific criminal acts related to corruption, gross human rights violations, money laundering, insubordination, use of unlawful force, theft, embezzlement, and other violations of law involving military personnel. This study will discuss the wiretapping authority of the Attorney General’s Office when dealing with special crimes, namely corruption and military crimes connected with terrorism so that the difference in wiretapping procedures can be seen in the handling of these two different crimes at the stages of investigation and prosecution.
Keywords: attorney general, lawful interception, investigation, corruption, military crime
The Concept of Restorative Justice in Islamic Criminal Law: Alternative Dispute Settlement Based on Justice
Authors: Alam Syariful , Aunuh Nu'man , Fajrin Yaris Adhial
Published: January 2024

This study discusses the concept of restorative justice in Islamic criminal law as an alternative to restorative justice-based dispute resolution. This study is to analyze the concept of restorative justice in the context of Islamic criminal law and identify its potential use as a more just and recovery-oriented dispute resolution method. This research method is a literature study by collecting and analyzing primary and secondary sources related to the concept of restorative justice in Islamic criminal law. This study used a descriptive-analytical approach to understand the essence and principles of restorative justice and how it can be applied in the context of Islamic criminal law. The results of the study show that the concept of restorative justice in Islamic criminal law emphasizes recovery, reconciliation, and reintegration of offenders into society. This approach pays special attention to the needs of victims, encourages their active participation in the dispute resolution process, and involves the community as a key stakeholder. This study also identifies the potential for using the concept of restorative justice in Islamic criminal law as an alternative to resolving disputes. A restorative approach allows the parties involved to reach mutually satisfactory agreements, restore damaged relationships, and reduce the risk of repeat offenses. In conclusion, the concept of restorative justice in Islamic criminal law can be an alternative that has the potential to improve justice in dispute resolution.
Keywords: restorative justice, Islamic criminal law, justice, disputes
The Legal Status of Marital Joint Property Sourced from the Wife
Authors: Hidayah Nur Putri , . Komariah
Published: January 2024

This article aims to determine the position of marital joint property originating from the wife in divorce cases according to the Compilation of Islamic Law, as well as legal protection of the rights of wives who support household life according to the Compilation of Islamic Law. This normative research inventories the applicable regulations concerning joint property in the Islamic concept using the Compilation of Islamic Law. The results of the writing show that there is legal vagueness in the Compilation of Islamic Law because the regulation of the status of joint marital property only regulates general matters where the husband earns a living, while more concrete provisions if the wife earns a living are not regulated. Instead of going to court to divide the joint property, it is better for the husband and wife to divide the property amicably.
Keywords: legal status, marital joint property, the wife provides for the husband
Legal Consequences of Divorce in Intermarriage on the Marital Property in the form of Land Proprietary Rights
Authors: Wiryani Fifik , Anggraeny Isdian , Kusuma Ayu Isdiyana , . Nurzakiah
Published: January 2024

Intermarriage brings legal consequences to the assets in the marriage including the mixing of joint assets. Marital property, specifically, regarding land ownership rights in Indonesia causes a problem if there is a divorce. The joint assets in the form of ownership rights to the land must be shared between Indonesian Citizens and Foreign Citizens while Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Regulations -The Agrarian principle prohibits foreign nationals from owning property rights. This research aims to find out the position of Foreign Citizens regarding land ownership rights in Indonesian laws and regulations and the legal consequences of divorce on land ownership rights in mixed marriages. This research is normative legal research, the type of research used is research on legal systematics by taking inventory of laws and regulations governing land ownership rights in intermarriage, identifying problems, and analyzing them qualitatively.
Keywords: intermarriage, land proprietary rights, divorce
Child Trafficking: An Issue for Criminal Law Reform in Indonesia
Authors: Syahfitri Nasution Eva , . Marlina , . Rosmalinda , Santoso Topo
Published: January 2024

This paper aims to examine the problems with Indonesia’s proposed criminal law reform. It is a legal normative research kind. It can be obtained by using a literature study. The implementation of this research is limited to how the development orientation to find issues of child trafficking relates to reform of the criminal law. The orientation of reforming national criminal law cannot be contradicted by another regulation. Crime, criminal responsibility, and sentence are the three main problems in criminal law that represent the concept of balance. The issue of national criminal law reform for child trafficking is based on political, practical, and sociological considerations. The urgency of preventing and eradicating child trafficking needs to be carried out by formulating trafficking in persons in the Law No. 1 of 2023 Concerning Penal Code in an explicit, firm, and well-substantiated manner, as well as by including the meaning, scope, and limitations trafficking in person, including child trafficking.
Keywords: child, trafficking, criminal, law, reform
Simple Claim Execution Reorientation in Civil and Business Disputes for Legal Certainty
Authors: Saputra Rian , Tiolince Tiara , Zaid M. , Jaelani Abdul Kadir
Published: January 2024

This study aims to prescribe the importance of rethinking the regulation of the execution of simple lawsuits in the justice system in Indonesia, considering that simple lawsuits have many advantages as an alternative for resolving civil and business disputes. This research is normative legal research with a law approach, a conceptual approach, and a comparative law approach. The countries used for comparison are Singapore, the Netherlands, and the United States. The study results show that legal uncertainty regarding the mechanism of the simple lawsuit court decision is a factor that must be considered if you want a simple lawsuit to be one of the models of dispute resolution in the business and civil disputes that exist in Indonesia. This should be the homework of the government or the Supreme Court in establishing clear rules regarding the procedure for executing a simple lawsuit. This is important to provide clarity and legal certainty for the parties.
Keywords: simple lawsuit, judicial system, legal certainty
The Responsibility of the Brand Owner for Counterfeit Goods
Authors: Kastowo Chryssantus , Anita Christiani Theresia
Published: January 2024

Brand counterfeiting is a multidimensional problem. Brand counterfeiting is a crime, a waiver of consumer rights, and an infringement of intellectual property rights. The trademark regulation provides for the exclusive rights of the trademark owner using the Mark and is entitled to prohibit others from using the trademark without a license. The brand owners have the right to sue other parties who use their unlicensed trademarks. The complaint in trademark law puts the trademark owner to determine whether trademark forgery will be prosecuted. This concept puts the brand owner at the center of law enforcement for brand infringement. Registered trademark owners cannot release responsibility for protecting the consumer. This paper intends to seek an argumentation of a concept of the obligations of the brand’s owner for the circulation of fake barrels. The results of the analysis show that the concept of offense complaint still needs to eliminate the obligation for registered trademark owners to protect users of fake brands.
Keywords: counterfeit goods, responsibility, registered trademark, trademark owner
Identify Mens Rea in Language use from a Criminal Law Perspective
Authors: Kurniawati Rizki , . Armansyah , Marbun Rocky
Published: January 2024

This article explains and identifies the existence of mens rea in the dissemination of news packaged into content through various social media platforms, implicitly containing hate speeches, so that it can be viewed as an electronic-based criminal offense uploaded either verbally or non-verbally. An ability to communicate within the scope of society in the use of language is not owned by everyone, especially in the era of social media where there are those who use language in an inappropriate way. For example, it is used for swearing, defamation, making fake news or hoaxes, threats, persecution speech, to hate speeches that can harm the interlocutor. This study aims to determine the existence of mens rea in the use of language about hate speech committed by individuals through social media platforms. Their point of view will be studied through the perspectives of criminal law. The study’s objective was to examine the use of language in individual uploads through several social media platforms that contain hate speech and ‘SARA in the context of criminal law. In sampling, the author uses descriptive qualitative research methods and legal research methods based on the available data.
Keywords: mens rea, language, blasphemy, criminal law
Studying the Reprehensible Actions Clause in the Development of Digital Technology as a Policy for Termination of National Offices
Authors: Widdy Jatmiko Bayu Dwi , Safa'at Rachmad , SN Tunggul Anshari , Madjid Abdul
Published: January 2024

The development of digital technology has also influenced the development of Indonesian legal regulations in the Reformation Era. For example, relating to the clause on violations of the law in the form of “disgraceful acts” in the dismissal of state officials. So far, it has been focused on actions that are contrary to customary norms, religious norms, and moral norms in general within the scope of conventional crimes only. This has given rise to the motivation to study “disgraceful acts” in the scope of the use of technology/cybercrime which is very likely to occur. The study was carried out using a statutory and conceptual approach, using primary legal materials in the form of legislation that applies to state officials, literature searches, and prescriptive analysis. The result is an understanding that “disgraceful acts” should be understood as acts that are contrary to customary norms, religious norms, and moral norms within the scope of conventional crime and cybercrime. This is regulated because the laws in force in Indonesia are expected to be full of moral and ethical values so that the state officials who are elected are, basically, officials with integrity, quality, and trust.
Keywords: reprehensible acts, termination, state officials
Prospects And Challenges of Women's Right Against Domestic Violence Under International Law
Authors: Helmi bin Md Said Muhamad , Emanuel Grace Kaka , Dwi Cahyani Tinuk , Putri Hidayani Poppy
Published: January 2024

In addition to being a violation of human rights, domestic violence against women and girls has been seen as the most extreme example of gender inequality. Due to its widespread nature, the consequences for children, families, and communities, as well as the significant economic costs to society, it has been recognized as a violation of human rights under international law. Numerous international legal instruments were adopted and ratified to assure women’s protection from domestic violence. The study looked at domestic abuse’s status as a human rights violation under these treaties. It was found that victims of domestic violence in the family now have a chance to enforce their rights because it is recognized as a violation of their human rights. However, because these tools are not legally binding, victims find it difficult to rely on them. Therefore, we are unable to coerce state compliance. As a result, it is recommended that instruments of international law have a single standard that has the legal power and is applied to all parties who violate them on a global scale.
Keywords: Domestic violence, Family, International Law, Human Rights, Women
Resistance to The Cancellation of Auction Execution on the Collateral Right
Authors: . Herwastoeti
Published: January 2024

This research aims to determine the resistance to cancellation of auction for the collateral object of the mortgage right and the creditor’s responsibility toward the auction winner, when, the object of the mortgage right has a lawsuit against the creditor from another party. The research method used in this research is a normative juridical research method. The research results show that the auction cannot be canceled if it complies with existing regulations and procedures as regulated in PMK.No.213/PMK.06/2020 concerning instructions for carrying out auctions. Creditors can be held responsible if an auction is canceled after the auction has been executed as regulated in Minister of Finance Regulation, PMK No. 213/PMK.06/2020 concerning instructions for implementing auctions. Creditors must ensure the validity of the mortgage object being auctioned. So, if the creditor is negligent in this matter, it is the responsibility of the creditor (auction seller) to provide compensation for third-party losses.
Keywords: cancellation, auction execution, guarantee, mortgage
Timeline of the Concept of Child Regulations Out of Wedlock (Study of Family Law Rules in Indonesia)
Authors: Luthfi Muhammad , Kurniawan Kukuh Dwi , Fajrin Yaris Adhial , Wardoyo Yohana Puspitasari , Nuryasinta Radhityas Kharisma
Published: January 2024

Rules regarding children out of wedlock in Indonesia are divided into three laws starting from the Marriage Law, the Presidential Instruction on KHI, and the Civil Code. Following the Constitutional Court Decision No.46/PUU-VII/2010 the rules regarding children out of wedlock in the Marriage Law have also undergone re-reading. Each legal regulation for children out of wedlock has different legal consequences, so it is interesting to study about the concept of children out in the timeline of civil law regulations in Indonesia. This paper aimsis to find out the concept of children out of wedlock in the timeline of legal regulations in Indonesia. This research uses normative legal research with a statutory approach. The results of this study stated that the regulation of children out of wedlock was accommodated after the recognition of the Civil Code in the Indonesian legal system. On January 2, 1974 the provision of children out of wedlock was regulated in Article 43 paragraph (1) of the Marriage Law, after the promulgation of the Presidential Instruction on KHI the provision of children out of wedlock was regulated in Article 100 of the Presidential Instruction on KHI where children out of wedlock only had civil rights with the mother and her mother’s family. And, Constitutional Court Decision No.46/PUU-VII/2010 makes children out of wedlock have civil rights with their mother and father as long as it can be proven by technology and science.
Keywords: timeline, concept, child regulations out of wedlock, family law, Indonesia
Cryptocurrency: A Currency or Investment Asset?
Authors: Izzat Amsyar Mohd Arif Mohd , Che Kamaruddin Norhanan , Markom Ruzian
Published: January 2024

As most countries use currencies to denote paper money created as a medium of exchange for buying and selling goods or services. Nevertheless, there are attempts from several entities to create a crypto asset named cryptocurrencies which aims to replace the functions of paper money. The issue arises whether cryptocurrency is valid to be used as a currency or investment asset according to Shariah’s perspective. This article aims to clarify the Shariah views on the legality of cryptocurrency, analyze the suitability of cryptocurrencies as a currency or investment assets, and finally, suggest that cryptocurrency is one of the investment assets or commodities in line with the requirements of Shariah. The research adopts pure legal research methodology utilizing content analysis on the primary and secondary sources. The research findings revealed that Islamic scholars have conflicting views regarding the legality of cryptocurrency as a means of exchange to replace the function of paper money and as an investment asset. Nevertheless, cryptocurrency and crypto assets are required today because of Maqasid Shariah, maslahah, and qawaid fiqhiyyah. Future research should focus on the usage and practice of cryptocurrency worldwide and its legal application in specific countries.
Keywords: cryptocurrency, currency, investment
Protection of Children in Indonesia Through Child-friendly Family
Authors: Erdianti Ratri Novita , Anggraeny Isdian
Published: January 2024

Minister of Empowerment of Women and Children No. 11 of 2011 concerning childfriendly City/District Policy is part of a government policy that aims to protect children in all aspects of life. Child-friendly districts/cities (KLA) are those that have a development system based on children’s rights through the integration of government, community, and business commitments and resources that are planned comprehensively and sustainably in policies, programs, and activities to ensure the fulfillment of children’s rights. The KLA is basically based on fulfilling children’s rights, covering civil rights and freedoms, family environment and alternative care, basic health and welfare, education, usage of leisure time, cultural activities, and special protection. To build a child-friendly district or city requires a village’s existence to realize the fulfillment of a child-friendly city. A child-friendly village (DLA) is a village and sub-district development that brings together the commitment and resources of the village government, the community, and the business community in the framework of fulfilling children’s rights, protecting children from acts of violence, exploitation, and abuse. Hearing children’s opinions, which are planned consciously, comprehensively, and continuously. To create a child-friendly village community, participation in establishing child-friendly homes will greatly influence success in learning child-friendly villages.
Keywords: protect, children, child-friendly family
Innovation for Social Change: How Wildly Successful Nonprofits Inspire and Deliver Results
Authors: Alaimo Salvatore
Published: January 2024

This is a book review of Innovation for Social Change by Leah Kral John Wiley and Sons (2023)
Effects of Concomitant Use of N-acetylcysteine and Cyclosporine A on Acetaminophen-induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice
Authors: Kocamüftüoğlu Gonca Ozan , Tektemur Nalan Kaya , Güzel Elif Erdem , Tektemur Ahmet , Ozan İbrahim Enver
Published: January 2024

Background: Acetaminophen (APAP), a commonly used analgesic, causes acute kidney injury (AKI) in overdose although it is rare. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a major role in the pathophysiology of renal damage, although the exact molecular mechanism is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the potential therapeutic effect of cyclosporin A (CsA), a mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore (MPTP) inhibitor, with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in APAP-induced AKI. Methods: Male BALB/c mice were divided into control, APAP, APAP+NAC, APAP+CsA and APAP+NAC+CsA groups (n=6). A single dose of APAP (400 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally. All other treatments (1200 mg/kg NAC, 50 mg/kg CsA) were performed intraperitoneally 3 h after APAP administration. All animals were decapitated and blood samples and kidney tissue samples were collected for evaluation. Serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were measured. The kidney tissue 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), cytochrome c (Cytc) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) levels and cytochrome c (Cytc) expressions were determined. Result: Increased Cr and BUN levels, histopathological examinations and expressions of 8-OHdG, 3-NT and Cytc were detected in the APAP group. Combined NAC+CsA treatment sufficiently reversed oxidative stress, serum Cr and BUN levels and histopathological alterations induced by APAP. Moreover, cytc levels and renal tubular injury were remarkably reduced by combined drug treatment compared to the APAP+NAC group. These data suggest that the therapeutic effect of combined NAC+CsA treatment in mice with APAP-induced nephrotoxicity can be related to the combination of the antioxidant effect of NAC and the mitochondrial MPTP inhibitor effect of CsA.
Berisiko Tinggi Titik Masuk Hewan Pembawa Rabies di Kabupaten Sumbawa dan Dompu, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Nurjumaatun Nurjumaatun , Pribadi Eko Sugeng , Poetri Okti Nadia
Published: January 2024

Rabies adalah zoonosis yang disebabkan oleh infeksi virus genus Lyssa virus dalam famili Rhabdoviridae. Kabupaten Dompu dan Sumbawa yang berada di Pulau Sumbawa Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) pernah ditetapkan sebagai daerah yang mengalami Kejadian Luar Biasa (KLB) Rabies pada tahun 2019. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperkirakan secara kualitatif besarnya peluang risiko masuknya HPR dimasing-masing titik masuk HPR ke Kabupaten Sumbawa dan Dompu, Provinsi NTB. Penilaian risiko dilakukan mengikuti pedoman pelaksanaan analisis risiko dari Organisasi Kesehatan Hewan Dunia (World Organization for Animal Health, Office Internationale de Epizootic, OIE), dan mengacu pada metode Biosecurity Australia. Penilaian ketidakpastian (uncertainty) mengacu pada European Food safety Authority(EFSA). Hasil pengamatan dan penilaian mendapati titik-titik masuk yang berada di Kecamatan Lunyuk, Sumbawa, Labuhan Badas, Moyo Hilir, Moyo Hulu, Unter Iwes di Kabupaten Sumbawa dan Kecamatan Pekat, Kempo, Manggelewa, Hu’u dan Woja di Kabupaten Dompu. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa titik-titik masuk HPR di Provinsi NTB tergolong berisiko tinggi. Tingginya risiko di titik-titik masuk HPR karena masih kurangnya kesadaran dan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang rabies.