bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Compositional Constraints for Lucy Mission Trojan Asteroids via Near-infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Sharkey Benjamin N. L. , Reddy Vishnu , Sanchez Juan A. , Izawa Matthew R. M. , Emery Joshua P.
Published: October 2019

We report near-infrared (0.7–2.5 μm) reflectance spectra for each of the six target asteroids of the forthcoming NASA Discovery-class mission Lucy. Five Jupiter Trojans (the binary (617) Patroclus system, (3548) Eurybates, (21900) Orus, (11351) Leucus, and (15094) Polymele) are well characterized, with measurable spectral differences. We also report a survey-quality spectrum for main-belt asteroid (52246) Donaldjohanson. We measured a continuum of spectral slopes including “red” (Orus, Leucus), “less red” (Eurybates, Patroclus-Menoetius), and intermediate (Polymele), indicating a range of compositional end-members or geological histories. We perform radiative transfer modeling of several possible surface compositions. We find that the mild-sloped spectra and low albedo of Patroclus and Eurybates imply similar compositions. Eurybates (∼7 wt.% water ice) and Patroclus (∼4 wt.% water ice) are consistent with a hydrated surface. Models for Orus and Leucus are consistent with each other and require a significantly more reddening agent (e.g., iron-rich silicates or tholin-like organics). Polymele has a linear spectrum like Patroclus, but a higher albedo more closely aligned with Orus/Leucus, defying simple grouping. Solar system formation models generally predict that the Jovian Trojans accreted in the outer solar system. Our observations and analysis are generally consistently with this expectation, although not uniquely so.
Advancing impact assessments of non-native species: strategies for strengthening the evidence-base
Authors: Strubbe Diederik , White Rachel , Edelaar Pim , Rahbek Carsten , Shwartz Assaf
Published: October 2019

The numbers and impacts of non-native species (NNS) continue to grow. Multiple ranking protocols have been developed to identify and manage the most damaging species. However, existing protocols differ considerably in the type of impact they consider, the way evidence of impacts is included and scored, and in the way the precautionary principle is applied. These differences may lead to inconsistent impact assessments. Since these protocols are considered a main policy tool to promote mitigation efforts, such inconsistencies are undesirable, as they can affect our ability to reliably identify the most damaging NNS, and can erode public support for NNS management. Here we propose a broadly applicable framework for building a transparent NNS impact evidence base. First, we advise to separate the collection of evidence of impacts from the act of scoring the severity of these impacts. Second, we propose to map the collected evidence along a set of distinguishing criteria: where it is published, which methodological approach was used to obtain it, the relevance of the geographical area from which it originates, and the direction of the impact. This procedure produces a transparent and reproducible evidence base which can subsequently be used for different scoring protocols, and which should be made public. Finally, we argue that the precautionary principle should only be used at the risk management stage. Conditional upon the evidence presented in an impact assessment, decision-makers may use the precautionary principle for NNS management under scientific uncertainty regarding the likelihood and magnitude of NNS impacts. Our framework paves the way for an improved application of impact assessments protocols, reducing inconsistencies and ultimately enabling more effective NNS management.
Sedum lipingense (Crassulaceae) identifying a new stonecrop species in SE Guizhou, China, based on morphological and molecular evidence
Authors: Zhang Ren-Bo , Deng Tan , Dou Quan-Li , He Lin , Lv Xin-Yun , Jiang Hong
Published: October 2019

We describe and illustrate Sedum lipingense (Crassulaceae), a new species of stonecrop found in the limestone areas of SE Guizhou, China. Based on the presence of adaxially gibbous carpels and follicles, this taxon belongs to sect. Sedum S.H. Fu. The new species superficially resembles S. subtile Miquel and S. bulbiferum Makino but differs from these two taxa in its development of a basal leaf rosette during florescence. The nrDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences also support the claim that this plant is a new species in the Sedum genus.
Performance Enhancement of Cloud Based Storage using Disk Scheduling Technique
Authors: Sarkar Saswati , Kundu Anirban
Published: October 2019

Cloud-based high-performance storage techniques are proposed in this article. Primarily, the performance of storage is dependent on seek time of incoming track requests, IOPS(Input/output operations per second), and throughput. The proposed technique is designed to calculate the average seek time of incoming track requests, IOPS and throughput calculation, sorting algorithms and R/W head movement in order to represent the possibility of better performance than existing high performing algorithms.
Gene Expression Dataset Classification Using Artificial Neural Network and Clustering-Based Feature Selection
Authors: Mabu Audu Musa , Prasad Rajesh , Yadav Raghav
Published: October 2019

With the progression of bioinformatics, applications of GE profiles on cancer diagnosis along with classification have become an intriguing subject in the bioinformatics field. It holds numerous genes with few samples that make it arduous to examine and process. A novel strategy aimed at the classification of GE dataset as well as clustering-centered feature selection is proposed in the paper. The proposed technique first preprocesses the dataset using normalization, and later, feature selection was accomplished with the assistance of feature clustering support vector machine (FCSVM). It has two phases, gene clustering and gene representation. To make the chose top-positioned features worthy for classification, feature reduction is performed by utilizing SVM-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithm. Finally, the feature-reduced data set was classified using artificial neural network (ANN) classifier. When compared with some recent swarm intelligence feature reduction approach, FCSVM-ANN showed an elegant performance.
Using Wireline Logging and Thin Sections to Identify Igneous Contact Metamorphism and Hydrothermal Influence on Presalt Limestone Reservoirs in Libra Block, Santos Basin
Authors: Ren Kangxu , Oliveira Maria José Resende , Zhao Junfeng , Zhao Jian , Oliveira Leonardo Costa , Rancan Cristiano Camelo , Carmo Isabela Oliveira , Deng Qicai
Published: October 2019

A methodology to confirm the direct contact metamorphism of intrusive rocks and related hydrothermal modification on presalt limestone reservoirs, in Libra Block of Santos Basin, is presented. The approach is based on systemic study of cores, sidewall cores, traditional wireline logging, ECS and NMR of boreholes. Type and characteristics of metamorphism in contact aureoles between intrusive bodies and limestones are confirmed. NMR was used to evaluate porosity change of limestone. Thin sections and ECS were used to identify the precipitant types and to confirm the modification of hydrothermal fluids influences on surrounding limestones.

Intrusive rocks are observed in several wells of presalt layers in Libra Block and show contact metamorphic aureoles in the surrounding limestones, characterized by a significant change on the limestone mineral size, rock color, and reservoir pore after marbleization. By combining conventional logging and NMR logging, the thicknesses of contact metamorphic aureoles are determined in multiple wells. They conform to a binomial regression relation with the thicknesses intrusive bodies. The NMR data reveals that igneous contact metamorphism exerts negative influence on pores development for carbonate reservoirs. Reservoir physical properties decrease sharply after thermal baking, generally by 4 to 8 times. The study also confirms that related hydrothermal fluids pervasively develop and have multi-types of influences on limestones, mainly due to silicification, dolomitization and calcification. They mainly brought minerals precipitation in fractures and pores that made limestone reservoir tight. In Libra presalt layers, hydrothermal modification related to intrusive bodies mainly developed at the middle-upper intervals of BVE Fm.

Combined with wells correlation sections and seismic data, a state-of-the-art model of igneous contact metamorphism and hydrothermal modification on limestone reservoirs has been developed in this paper. It can help to quantitatively predict the thickness of contact metamorphism aureole around intrusive rocks. The study also clarifies the understanding of the type of hydrothermal effects on the reservoir porosity and how to map the spatial distribution of hydrothermal deposition in the reservoir.
UBASH3A Regulates the Synthesis and Dynamics of TCR–CD3 Complexes
Authors: Ge Yan , Paisie Taylor K. , Chen Sixue , Concannon Patrick
Published: October 2019

The TCR–CD3 complex is a multicomponent membrane receptor, the expression of which is tightly regulated in thymocytes, as well as in mature T cells both at steady state and upon stimulation. In this study, we report novel roles for UBASH3A in TCR–CD3 synthesis and turnover. UBASH3A is a negative regulator of T cell function and plays a broad role in autoimmunity. We show that modulation of UBASH3A levels in unstimulated Jurkat cells leads to altered amounts of total cellular CD3 chains and of cell-surface TCR–CD3 complexes; in contrast, UBASH3A does not affect the level of cell-surface CD28, an important T cell costimulatory receptor. Upon TCR engagement, UBASH3A enhances the downmodulation of cell-surface TCR–CD3. Mass spectrometry and protein–protein interaction studies uncover novel associations between UBASH3A and components of several cellular pathways involved in the regulation of TCR–CD3 turnover and dynamics, including endoplasmic reticulum–associated protein degradation, cell motility, endocytosis, and endocytic recycling of membrane receptors. Finally, we demonstrate that the SH3 domain of UBASH3A mediates its binding to CBL-B, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that negatively regulates CD28-mediated signaling and, hence, T cell activation. In summary, this study provides new mechanistic insights into how UBASH3A regulates T cell activation and contributes to autoimmunity. The interaction between UBASH3A and CBL-B may synergistically inhibit T cell function and affect risk for type 1 diabetes, as both genes have been shown to be associated with this autoimmune disease.
Downregulation of MHC Class II by Ubiquitination Is Required for the Migration of CD206+ Dendritic Cells to Skin-Draining Lymph Nodes
Authors: Majdoubi Abdelilah , Lee Jun Seong , Balood Mohammad , Sabourin Antoine , DeMontigny Auriane , Kishta Osama A. , Moulefera Mohamed Abdelwafi , Galbas Tristan , Yun Tae Jin , Talbot Sébastien , Ishido Satoshi , Cheong Cheolho , Thibodeau Jacques
Published: October 2019

Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical players in skin homeostasis. A subset of mannose receptor (CD206)–expressing monocyte-derived DCs was found in skin, and their migratory counterpart is present in skin-draining lymph nodes (sdLNs). Skin CD206+ DCs were shown to upregulate MHC class II (MHCII) progressively, raising the question of whether this feature affects their biology. In this study, we assessed the role of MHCII regulation in the development and migration of these cells in mouse models expressing differential MHCII levels. Using CD206 as a surrogate marker, we found that skin CD206+ DCs develop in an MHCII-independent manner. However, their migration to sdLNs was affected by overexpression rather than absence or lower expression of MHCII. Accordingly, B16 tumor growth was exacerbated in mice overexpressing MHCII in the absence of ubiquitination. Mechanistically, CD206+ DCs from these mice showed decreased IRF4 and CCR7 expression. LPS, which is known to promote monocyte-derived DC recruitment to sdLNs, partially improved these defects. However, GM-CSF delivery restored CD206+ DC migration by promoting IRF4 expression. Collectively, these data show that MHCII downregulation is crucial for IRF4-dependent migration of CD206+ DCs to sdLNs in health and disease.
Об интегро-локальной ЦПТ для сумм независимых случайных векторов
Authors: Rozovskii Leonid Victorovich
Published: October 2019

Исследуется остаточный член с учетом асимптотических разложений в интегро-локальном варианте многомерной центральной предельной теоремы для суммы независимых случайных векторов. При этом предполагается, что распределение этой суммы может быть абсолютно непрерывным и (или) решетчатым по некоторым координатам.
In memoriam: Amintiri despre prietenul și colegul dr. ing. Constantin Bândiu (1927-2019), membru de onoare al Academiei de Științe Agricole și Silvice
Authors: Doniță Nicolae
Published: October 2019

în curând
Air quality and acid deposition impacts of local emissions and transboundary air pollution in Japan and South Korea
Authors: Yim Steve Hung Lam , Gu Yefu , Shapiro Matthew A. , Stephens Brent
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Numerous studies have reported that ambient air pollution, which has both
local and long-range sources, causes adverse impacts on the environment and
human health. Previous studies have investigated the impacts of
transboundary air pollution (TAP) in East Asia, albeit primarily through
analyses of episodic events. In addition, it is useful to better understand
the spatiotemporal variations in TAP and the resultant impact on the
environment and human health. This study aimed at assessing and
quantifying the air quality impacts in Japan and South Korea due to local emissions and TAP from sources in East Asia - one of the most polluted
regions in the world. We applied state-of-the-science atmospheric
models to simulate air quality in East Asia and then analyzed the air
quality and acid deposition impacts of both local emissions and TAP sources
in Japan and South Korea. Our results show that ∼ 30 % of
the annual average ambient PM2.5 concentrations in Japan and South
Korea in 2010 were contributed to by local emissions within each country, while
the remaining ∼ 70 % were contributed to by TAP from other
countries in the region. More detailed analyses also revealed that the local
contribution was higher in the metropolises of Japan (∼ 40 %–79 %) and South Korea (∼ 31 %–55 %) and that minimal
seasonal variations in surface PM2.5 occurred in Japan, whereas there was a
relatively large variation in South Korea in the winter. Further, among all
five studied anthropogenic emission sectors of China, the industrial sector
represented the greatest contributor to annual surface PM2.5
concentrations in Japan and South Korea, followed by the residential and
power generation sectors. Results also show that TAP's impact on acid
deposition (SO42- and NO3-) was larger than TAP's impact
on PM2.5 concentrations (accounting for over 80 % of the total
deposition), and that seasonal variations in acid deposition were similar
for both Japan and South Korea (i.e., higher in both the winter and summer).
Finally, wet deposition had a greater impact on mixed forests in Japan and
savannas in South Korea. Given these significant impacts of TAP in the
region, it is paramount that cross-national efforts should be taken to mitigate air
pollution problems across East Asia.
Atmospheric energy budget response to idealized aerosol perturbation in tropical cloud systems
Authors: Dagan Guy , Stier Philip , Christensen Matthew , Cioni Guido , Klocke Daniel , Seifert Axel
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The atmospheric energy budget is analysed in numerical simulations of tropical cloud systems. This is done in order to better understand the physical processes behind aerosol effects on the atmospheric energy budget. The simulations include both shallow convective clouds and deep convective tropical clouds over the Atlantic Ocean. Two different sets of simulations, at different dates (10–12/8/2016 and 16–18/8/2016), are being simulated with different dominant cloud modes (shallow or deep). For each case, the cloud droplet number concentrations (CDNC) is varied as a proxy for changes in aerosol concentrations. It is shown that the total column atmospheric radiative cooling is substantially reduced with CDNC in the deep-cloud dominated case (by ~ 10.0 W/m2), while a much smaller reduction (~ 1.6 W/m2) is shown in the shallow-cloud dominated case. This trend is caused by an increase in the ice and water vapor content at the upper troposphere that leads to a reduced outgoing longwave radiation. A decrease in sensible heat flux (driven by increase in the near surface air temperature) reduces the warming by ~ 1.4 W/m2 in both cases. It is also shown that the cloud fraction response behaves in opposite ways to an increase in CDNC, showing an increase in the deep-cloud dominated case and a decrease in the shallow-cloud dominated case. This demonstrates that under different environmental conditions the response to aerosol perturbation could be different.
Effects of sea animal colonization on the coupling between dynamics and activity of soil ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea in maritime Antarctica
Authors: Wang Qing , Zhu Renbin , Zheng Yanling , Bao Tao , Hou Lijun
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The colonization by a large number of sea animals, including penguins and
seals, plays an important role in the nitrogen cycle of the tundra ecosystem
in coastal Antarctica. However, little is known about the effects of sea
animal colonization on ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB)
communities involved in nitrogen transformations. In this study, we chose
active seal colony tundra soils (SSs), penguin colony soils (PSs), adjacent
penguin-lacking tundra soils (PLs), tundra marsh soils (MSs), and background
tundra soils (BSs) to investigate the effects of sea animal colonization on
the abundance, activity, and diversity of AOA and AOB in maritime
Antarctica. Results indicated that AOB dominated over AOA in PS, SS, and PL, whereas AOB and AOA abundances were similar in MS and BS. Penguin or seal
activities increased the abundance of soil AOB amoA genes but reduced the
abundance of AOA amoA genes, leading to very large ratios (1.5×102 to 3.2×104) of AOB to AOA amoA copy numbers. Potential
ammonia oxidation rates (PAORs) were significantly higher (P=0.02) in SS
and PS than in PL, MS, and BS and were significantly positively correlated
(P<0.001) with AOB amoA gene abundance. The predominance of AOB over
AOA and their correlation with PAOR suggested that AOB play a more important
role in the nitrification in animal colony soils. Sequence analysis for gene
clones showed that AOA and AOB in tundra soils were from the
Nitrososphaera and Nitrosospira lineages, respectively. Penguin or seal activities led to a
predominance of AOA phylotypes related to Nitrososphaera cluster I and AOB phylotypes
related to Nitrosospira clusters I and II but very low relative abundances in AOA
phylotypes related to cluster II, and AOB phylotypes related to clusters III
and IV. The differences in AOB and AOA community structures were closely
related to soil biogeochemical processes under the disturbance of penguin or
seal activities: soil C : N alteration and sufficient input of
NH4+–N and phosphorus from animal excrements. The results
significantly enhanced the understanding of ammonia-oxidizing microbial
communities in the tundra environment of maritime Antarctica.
Rapid collaborative knowledge building via Twitter after significant geohazard events
Authors: Lacassin Robin , Devès Maud , Hicks Stephen P. , Ampuero Jean-Paul , Bossu Remy , Bruhat Lucile ,   Daryono, Wibisono Desianto F. , Fallou Laure , Fielding Eric J. , Gabriel Alice-Agnes , Gurney Jamie , Krippner Janine , Lomax Anthony , Sudibyo Muh. Ma'rufin , Pamumpuni Astyka , Patton Jason R. , Robinson Helen , Tingay Marc , Valkaniotis Sotiris
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Twitter is an established social media platform valued by scholars as an open way to disseminate scientific information and to publicly discuss research results. Scientific discussions are widely viewed by the media who can then pass on information to the wider public. Here, we take the example of two 2018 earthquake-related events which were widely commented on Twitter by geoscientists: the Palu Mw 7.5 earthquake and tsunami in Indonesia and the long-duration Mayotte island seismo-volcanic crisis. We build our study on a content and contextual analysis of selected Twitter threads about the geophysical characteristics of these events. From the analysis of these two examples, we show that Twitter promotes very rapid building of knowledge – in the minutes to hours and days following an event – via an efficient exchange of information and active discussion between the scientists themselves and with the public. We discuss the advantages and potential pitfalls of this relatively novel way to make scientific information accessible to scholarly peers and to lay people. We argue that scientific discussion on Twitter breaks down the traditional ivory towers of academia, following growing trends towards open science, and may help people to understand how science is developed, and, in the case of natural/environmental hazards, to better understand their risks.
Retrieving monthly and interannual pHT on the East China Sea shelf using an artificial neural network: ANN-pHT-v1
Authors: Li Xiaoshuang , Bellerby Richard , Ge Jianzhong , Wallhead Philip , Liu Jing , Yang Anqiang
Published: October 2019

Abstract. While our understanding of pH dynamics has strongly progressed for open ocean regions, for marginal seas such as the East China Sea (ECS) progress has been constrained by limited observations and complex interactions between biological, physical, and chemical processes. Seawater pH is a very valuable oceanographic variable but not always measured using high quality instrumentation and according to standard practices. In order to predict water column total scale pH (pHT) and enhance our understanding of the seasonal variability of pHT on the ECS shelf, an artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed using 11 cruise datasets from 2013 to 2017 with coincident observations of pHT, temperature (T), salinity (S), dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate (N), phosphate (P) and silicate (Si) together with sampling position and time. The reliability of the ANN model was evaluated using independent observations from 3 cruises in 2018, and showed a root mean square error accuracy of 0.04. A weight analysis of the ANN model variables suggested that DO, S, T were the most important predictor variables. Monthly water column pHT for the period 2000-2016 was retrieved using T, S, DO, N, P, and Si from the Changjiang Biology Finite-Volume Coastal Ocean Model (FVCOM).
Configuration and Intercomparison of Deep Learning Neural Models for Statistical Downscaling
Authors: Baño-Medina Jorge , Manzanas Rodrigo , Gutiérrez José Manuel
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Deep learning techniques (in particular convolutional neural networks, CNNs) have recently emerged as a promising approach for statistical downscaling due to their ability to learn spatial features from huge spatio-temporal datasets. However, existing studies are based on complex models, applied to particular case studies and using simple validation frameworks, which makes difficult a proper assessment of the (possible) added value offered by these techniques. As a result, these models are usually seen as black-boxes generating distrust among the climate community, particularly in climate change problems. In this paper we undertake a comprehensive assessment of deep learning techniques for continental-scale statistical downscaling, building on the VALUE validation framework. In particular, different CNN models of increasing complexity are applied for downscaling temperature and precipitation over Europe, comparing them with a few standard benchmark methods from VALUE (linear and generalized linear models) which have been traditionally used for this purpose. Besides analyzing the adequacy of different components and topologies, we also focus on their extrapolation capability, a critical point for their possible application in climate change studies. To do this, we use a warm test period as surrogate of possible future climate conditions. Our results show that, whilst the added value of CNNs is mostly limited to the reproduction of extremes for temperature, these techniques do outperform the classic ones for the case of precipitation for most aspects considered. This overall good performance, together with the fact that they can be suitably applied to large regions (e.g. continents) without worrying about the spatial features being considered as predictors, can foster the use of statistical approaches in international initiatives such as CORDEX.
Barotropic vorticity balance of the North Atlantic subpolar gyre in an eddy-resolving model
Authors: Le Corre Mathieu , Gula Jonathan , Tréguier Anne-Marie
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The circulation in the North Atlantic Subpolar gyre is complex and strongly influenced by the topography. The gyre dynamics is traditionally understood as the result of a topographic Sverdrup balance, which corresponds to a first order balance between the planetary vorticity advection, the bottom pressure torque and the wind stress curl. However, this dynamics has been studied mostly with non-eddy-resolving models and a crude representation of the bottom topography. Here we revisit the barotropic vorticity balance of the North Atlantic Subpolar gyre using a high resolution simulation (≈ 2-km) with topography-following vertical coordinates to better represent the mesoscale turbulence and flow-topography interactions. Our findings highlight that, locally, there is a first order balance between the bottom pressure torque and the nonlinear terms, albeit with a high degree of cancellation between each other. However, balances integrated over different regions of the gyre – shelf, slope and interior – still highlight the important role played by nonlinearities and the bottom drag curls. In particular the topographic Sverdrup balance cannot describe the dynamics in the interior of the gyre. The main sources of cyclonic vorticity are the nonlinear terms due to eddies generated along eastern boundary currents and the time-mean nonlinear terms from the Northwest Corner. Our results suggest that a good representation of the mesoscale activity along with a good positioning of the Northwest corner are two important conditions for a better representation of the circulation in the North Atlantic Subpolar Gyre.
Invasion increasing risk of Al Jawahir Wadi lentic habitats by 'Pistia stratiotes' L. (North-Central Morocco)
Authors: Khabbach Abdelmajid , Libiad Mohamed , Ennabili Abdeslam
Published: October 2019

Draining of wetlands and their inadequate planning contribute greatly to the decline of hygrophilous vegetation. The arrival of invasive hygrophilous species, as noted recently for Pistia stratiotes L. in Al Jawahir Wadi (North Central Morocco) could also aggravate this situation. Surveys carried out in the watershed of this river show that P. stratiotes form spontaneous communities over a river-length of 10 km, twice of that reported in 2012, in spite of measures taken to limit its spread. Plants description on the basis of vegetative and reproductive criteria ascertains the permanent presence of this species upstream of the wadi, and reveals a succession of factors causing its intermittent suffocation downstream, including hydrological and planning hazards, and water pollution. The decontamination endeavors of Al Jawahir River and the exceptional propagating power of this species would represent a real threat to local water bodies for long.
Racialized Osteology and Athletic Aptitude, or “Black” Bones as Red Herrings
Authors: Schultz Jaime
Published: October 2019

Research about “black” bones generated within the fields of craniometry, forensic anthropology, and sport science affects ideas about the suitability of “black” bodies for collision and aquatic sports. The belief that people of African descent have thicker, denser bones presupposes an attribute that allegedly guards against fracture but impedes buoyancy: “black” bones are less likely to break and more likely to sink. The mythology of strong black bones stokes ideas about black “hardiness, “ an imaginary that at once dehumanizes groups and individuals as it holds them up as superhuman beings. Ultimately, the unqualified and uncritical ossification of racial categories in sport studies and allied fields perpetuate pernicious racial stereotypes.
Features of the Development of the Digital Educational Environment in Russia
Authors: A. Ilyina Ekaterina , V. Shchiptsova Anna , E. Poverinov Igor , V. Grigoreva Svetlana , K. Gorshkova Nadezhda , A. Fisunov Pavel
Published: October 2019

Goal of the investigation: This article aims to distinguish the characteristics of the development of the digital educational environment in Russia in the context of the global digitalization process, and to identify threats to information security. Methodology: The leading method for studying this problem is a comparative analysis of the level of evolution of the digital administration in various nations of the world, which passes to comprehensively estimate the obstacle of receiving the learning and informative space as a portion in the sustainable expansion of the Russian economy. Results: The authors revealed the peculiarities of the Russian “digitalization” management system, which is still distinguished by spontaneity and the lack of a coordinated action program on the part of the state. It was revealed that Russia has the necessary potential for the further development of the digital economy: the scientific and intellectual base, a good level of secondary and higher technical education. The article substantiates the results of the development of the Russian digital educational environment: a data source (portal) has been created that is convenient to all levels of residents and stores each user with entrance to online classes for all levels of training and online support for mastering general education subjects; an infrastructure has been created to train teachers and administrative staff, to spread the experience of introducing successful methods and practices of online learning, to track the dynamics of creating a digital educational environment; and a system of advanced training for teachers in the development, use and examination of online courses has been created. Applications of this study: The materials of the article can be useful to relevant state and economic institutions for the formation of a mechanism for informatization of the country's development management system and education in particular, which is part of certain development strategies and programs; researchers of socio-economic processes associated with the development of the information society and the economy, and the increasing distribution of digital data processing technologies. The analysis of the digitalization process in the country and the world allowed us to identify problems that require close attention and finding solutions for the implementation of project activities for the formation of a modern digital educational environment in the Russian Federation. Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty and originality of the study lies in the fact that for the first time it offers a comprehensive approach to assessing the specifics and factors of the digitalization process in the educational space of the country, developing mechanisms to reduce threats to information security by developing a system for identifying users, technical controls, and improving the legislative framework.
Methods And Forms of Teaching of the Right To Information by Shareholders in the Digital Economy
Authors: Ovchinnikov Aleksey I. , B. Getman Yana , V. Kolesnik Irina , V. Kolesnik Veronika , A. Boyko Natalia
Published: October 2019

Joint stock issues, i.e. legal rules governing relations within commercial corporations, attract special attention of researchers of private law, corporate law in particular. A large number of internal corporate contradictions plays a negative role in the economic and economic activities of joint-stock companies. This fact affects the growth in the number of scientific publications on the issues of shareholder relations between their participants in terms of compliance with the civil law prohibition of Teaching of the right. It also has an impact on judicial practice: more and more often, the courts use the term “Teaching of law” to analyze existing conflicts in corporate law.
High School Students’ Common Errors in Writing Essays
Authors: Ho Pham Vu Phi , Trinh Do Thi Phuong
Published: October 2019

Students’ writing problems have become one of the first and foremost issues in writing classrooms, and to know the common errors which frequently occur on students’ writing papers is usually what the writing teachers have conducted in the classrooms. However, no research study has been conducted at Huynh Man Dat High school to investigate this aspect. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the common written errors on students’ writing essays and their attitudes towards the writing process approach. The target subjects are from grade twelve, Huynh Man Dat (HMD) High School. Data collection was from writing tasks and questionnaires. The study found that the four most common errors frequently occur in students’ writing journals are relating to tenses, collocations, spellings, and verb forms. The findings from an attitude questionnaire indicated that the students expressed positive attitudes towards it and showed a high appreciation for the effects of process writing.
Comparison of Balance, Reaction Time, Attention and Bmi Values in Individual and Team Sports
Authors: Turkeri Cenab , Ozturk Bariscan , Buyuktas Bilgihan , Ozturk Demet
Published: October 2019

In this study, we aimed to investigate static and dynamic balance, reaction time, attention and BMI values at the athletes being in the individual and team sport. 78 individual athletes (karate 17, judo 15, Gymnastics 14, table tennis 12, wrestling 20) and 58 team athletes (handball 23, basketball 13, volleyball 10, football 12) with formal licensed and average ages 13.08±1.36 years were participated as voluntarily. For demographic characteristics, participants have filled in questionnaires and Bass Stick static balance, Y dynamic balance, Nelson hand reaction time and D2 attention test were applied. First, we have applied the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality of the data, the normal distribution is observed and then independent t test was used. In order to see the relationship between data, Pearson’s correlation test was applied. The average sporting age of participants was 4.32 ± 1.87 years, height 1.59 ± 0.11m, body weight 50.18 ± 12.74 kg and per week training time 10.33 ± 4.41 hours. In addition, their BMI values were​19.49 ± 3.10 kg/m2 which is in the normal range, i.e., no difference between individual and team athletes was observed. It has been observed that for individual athletes, total number of items is 525.42 ± 108.29, total number of errors is 454.04 ± 105.86, concentration performance is 182.14 ± 62.53, reaction rime is 0.29 ± 0.06 sec, static balance is 7.10 ± 4.49 sec, dynamic balance is 208.37 ± 32.20 cm. On the other hand, for team athletes, these values were 500.59 ± 79.70, 382.31 ± 93.60, 168.35 ± 56.51, 0.26 ± 0.05 sec, 5.68 ± 2.67 sec and 187.15 ± 29.99 cm, respectively.

We have found that while age increased the static and dynamic balance increased, but training time increased solely the dynamic balance increased. In addition, when taking into account the static and dynamic balance, it has been observed that the individual athletes were better than the team athletes but for the reaction time was contrary, i.e., team athletes were better than the individual ones.
Toekomstverkenningen in het beleidsonderzoek
Authors: Benschop Hans Peter , Veenma Klaas
Published: October 2019

Toekomstverkenningen in het beleidsonderzoek

Wij betogen dat er een aantal goede redenen is om rekening te houden met onzekerheid in het beleidsonderzoek. Centraal staat daarbij het uitgangspunt dat de toekomst open is, maar niet leeg. In beleidsonderzoek is het zaak om die open, maar niet lege toekomst voor beslissers in beeld te brengen. Door met verschillende mogelijke toekomstbeelden te werken kan het beleid robuuster worden vormgegeven. Is dit beleid nog steeds een goede keuze als zaken in de toekomst toch anders lopen dan we nu denken? Door onzekerheden zichtbaar te maken wordt de bestuurder bewust gemaakt van de keuzes die hij maakt, worden nieuwe alternatieven zichtbaar en daarmee zijn geest 'opgerekt'. Ook uit maatschappelijk oogpunt is het nadrukkelijker rekening houden met onzekerheid over de toekomst wenselijk: mogelijke overinvesteringen kunnen worden voorkomen. We presenteren niet alleen het 'klassieke' scenariodenken, maar ook relatief nieuwe ontwikkelingen als radicale onzekerheid ('black swans'), normatieve scenario's en adaptief beleid ('adaptive policymaking').
Techniek: goed voor u!
Authors: de Koning Jaap
Published: October 2019

Techniek: goed voor u!

Het aandeel van de industrie in de Nederlandse economie neemt structureel af. Deze ontwikkeling wordt versterkt door een tekort aan binnenlands aanbod van technici: de belangstelling voor technische opleidingen is sterk teruggelopen. In de toekomst dreigt het tekort aan technici verder op te lopen, waardoor de positie van de Nederlandse industrie verder onder druk komt te staan. Voor een open economie als die van Nederland is de industrie, die het overgrote deel van de export voor zijn rekening neemt, echter van grote betekenis. Ook biedt de industrie relatief goed betaalde banen voor werknemers die anders aangewezen zouden zijn op laag betaalde arbeid of geen baan zouden kunnen krijgen. Om de dalende trend te keren moeten meer jongeren geïnteresseerd worden in een technische opleiding. In het artikel komt uitvoerig aan de orde hoe dat kan.
Acute toxicity of benzalkonium chloride in Balb/c mice following intratracheal instillation and oral administration
Authors: Lee Handule , Park Kwangsik
Published: October 2019

Benzalkonium chloride is a cationic surfactant widely used as a disinfectant, preservative, and sanitizer in many public places as well as domestically. The purpose of this study is to compare the acute toxicity of lethal doses (LDx) and the target organs after intratracheal instillation and oral ingestion by mice, which is a preliminary test prior to the repeated dose toxicity test. When Balb/c mice were treated with a single dose of benzalkonium chloride via oral administration, LD50 was 241.7 mg/kg. However, it was comparatively decreased to 8.5 mg/kg following intratracheal treatment, which suggests that lung may be the main target of toxicity. Although the histopathology showed inflammatory responses in the lung after intratracheal instillation, it still did not confirm that the inflammatory responses were the key factors inducing death in the treated animal. Acute and fatal mechanisms such as bronchoconstriction or neurotoxicity associated with benzalkonium chloride exposure should be further investigated.
Comparison of characteristics of long noncoding RNA in Hanwoo according to sex
Authors: Choi Jae-Young , Won KyeongHye , Son Seungwoo , Shin Donghyun , Oh Jae-Don
Published: October 2019

Objective: Cattle were some of the first animals domesticated by humans for the production of milk, meat, etc. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is defined as longer than 200 bp in non-protein coding transcripts. lncRNA is known to function in regulating gene expression and is currently being studied in a variety of livestock including cattle. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of lncRNA according to sex in Hanwoo cattle.Methods: This study was conducted using the skeletal muscles of 9 Hanwoo cattle include bulls, steers and cows. RNA was extracted from skeletal muscle of Hanwoo. Sequencing was conducted using Illumina HiSeq2000 and mapped to the Bovine Taurus genome. The expression levels of lncRNAs were measured by DEGseq and quantitative trait loci (QTL) data base was used to identify QTLs associated with lncRNA. The python script was used to match the nearby genesResults: In this study, the expression patterns of transcripts of bulls, steers and cows were identified. And we identified significantly differentially expressed lncRNAs in bulls, steers and cows. In addition, characteristics of lncRNA which express differentially in muscles according to the sex of Hanwoo were identified. As a result, we found differentially expressed lncRNAs according to sex were related to shear force and body weight.Conclusion: This study was classified and characterized lncRNA which differentially expressed by sex in Hanwoo cattle. We believe that the characterization of lncRNA by sex of Hanwoo will be helpful for future studies of the physiological mechanisms of Hanwoo cattle.
Community of natural lactic acid bacteria and silage fermentation of corn stover and sugarcane tops in Africa
Authors: Cai Yimin , Du Zhumei , Yamasaki Seishi , Nguluve Damiao , Tinga Benedito , Macome Felicidade , Oya Tetsuji
Published: October 2019

Objective: To effectively utilize crop by-product resources to address the shortage of animal feed during the dry season in Africa, the community of natural lactic acid bacteria (LAB) of corn stover and sugarcane tops and fermentation characteristics of silage were studied in Mozambique.Methods: Corn stover and sugarcane tops were obtained from agricultural field in Mozambique. Silage was prepared with LAB inoculant and cellulase enzyme and their fermentation quality and microbial population were analyzed.Results: Aerobic bacteria were the dominant population with 107 colony-forming unit/g of fresh matter in both crops prior to ensiling, while 104 to 107 LAB became the dominant bacteria during ensiling. Lactobacillus plantarum was more than 76.30% of total isolates which dominated silage fermentation in the LAB-treated sugarcane top silages or all corn stover silages. Fresh corn stover and sugarcane tops contain 65.05% to 76.10% neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and 6.52% to 6.77% crude protein (CP) on a dry matter basis, and these nutrients did not change greatly during ensiling. Corn stover exhibits higher LAB counts and watersoluble carbohydrates content than sugarcane top, which are naturally suited for ensiling. Meanwhile, sugarcane tops require LAB or cellulase additives for high quality of silage making.Conclusion: This study confirms that both crop by-products contain certain nutrients of CP and NDF that could be well-preserved in silage, and that they are potential roughage resources that could cover livestock feed shortages during the dry season in Africa.
Dietary chia (Salvia hispanica L.) improves the nutritional quality of broiler meat
Authors: Mendonça Nicole Batelli de Souza Nardelli , Sobrane Filho Sérgio Turra , Oliveira David Henrique de , Lima Eduardo Machado Costa , Rosa Priscila Vieira e , Faria Peter Bitencourt , Naves Luciana de Paula , Rodrigues Paulo Borges
Published: October 2019

Objective: The current study was conducted to evaluate the quality and profile of fatty acid in the breast and thigh, and the performance of broilers fed diets containing seed or oil of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) as a replacement for soybean, in the rearing period from 29 to 42 days of age.Methods: On the 29th day of age, 120 broilers were distributed in four treatments evaluated in five replicates of six birds. The grain or oil of soybean was respectively replaced on a weightto-weight basis in the formulation by the seed or oil of chia, constituting the experimental diets. The roasted whole soybean and chia seed were included in the feed at 16.4%, whereas the soybean and chia oils were included at 2.5%.Results: The dietary chia oil increased the lipid peroxidation in the thigh meat, and the dietary chia seed increased the cooking loss of the thigh. However, for the other physicochemical parameters evaluated and for the proximate composition of the breast and thigh, in general, the inclusion of chia seed or oil in the diet provided similar or better results than those observed when the diets contained soybean oil or roasted whole soybean. With regard to the fatty acid profile and associated parameters, dietary chia increased the concentrations of α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids and reduced the Σω-6:Σω-3 ratio and the atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indices of the broiler meat. However, the dietary chia seed worsened the feed conversion ratio.Conclusion: Diet containing 2.5% chia oil supplied to broilers during the period from 29 to 42 days of age improves the feed conversion ratio, increases the deposition of the ω-3 fatty acids in the breast and thigh, in addition to reducing the Σω-6:Σω-3 ratio and the atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indices, thereby resulting in meat with higher nutritional quality.
Especificando um Middleware para Integração de Dados do Registro Eletrônico em Saúde
Authors: Bezerra Carlos Andrew , Araújo André
Published: October 2019

Este trabalho especifica um middleware em nuvem baseado no padrão HL7 capaz de codificar, armazenar e interoperar os dados do Registro Eletrônico em Saúde (RES) entre organizações do setor de saúde. Baseado na arquitetura de documentos clínico do HL7, especificou-se a arquitetura de software do middleware proposto, descreveu-se um conjunto de regras que mapeiam as informações de um esquema de dados relacional em mensagens HL7 e implementou-se uma ferramenta que dá suporte a interoperabilidade do RES por meio da solução proposta.
Unificação de Dados de Saúde Através do Uso de Blockchain e Smart Contracts
Authors: Agostinho Bruno , Schreiner Geomar , Gomes Fernanda , Pinto Alex Sandro , Dantas Mário
Published: October 2019

Nos últimos anos houveram diversas propostas visando a centralização e manipulação de dados de saúde, como prontuário eletrônico do cidadão. Por se tratarem de dados altamente sigiloso, problemas de como garantir a confidencialidade dos dados sempre foram um entrave. O surgimento de tecnologias como blockchains e smart contracts vem trazendo novas abordagens possı́veis na manipulação desses dados. Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta de utilização de blockchain em conjunto com smart contracts para centralização e compartilhamento de dados de saúde. Experimentos preliminares demonstraram a viabilidade do armazenamento e recuperação dos dados de forma segura, através da utilização de dois pares de chaves assimétricas.
Consolidação de Bases para o Diagnóstico do Distrito de Inovação de Blumenau
Authors: Fernandes João Luiz , Hoppe Aurélio , Krambeck Christian , Laurindo Rosemeri , Refosco Julio Cesar , Ehmke Ralf Marcos
Published: October 2019

Este artigo apresenta o processo de consolidação das bases de dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), OpenStreetMaps (OSM) e da Prefeitura Municipal de Blumenau (PMB), tendo como intuito fazer o diagnóstico quanto aos aspectos socioeconômicos e de desenvolvimento dos bairros Victor Konder e Itoupava Seca da cidade de Blumenau, podendo ser adaptado para o diagnóstico de outras regiões. Tais informações se mostram pertinentes para a compreensão do distrito e também consideráveis para o planejamento de políticas e ações que venham a ocorrer na região considerando cinco eixos: cidade, pessoas, ambiente, economia e mobilidade.