bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differential aerosol shedding of SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants during respiratory activities
Authors: Tham Kwok Wai , Tan Kai Sen , Ong Sean W. X. , Koh Ming Hui , Tay Douglas Jie Wen , Aw Daryl Zheng Hao , Nah Yi Wei , Abdullah Mohammed Ridzwan , Chu Justin Jang Hann , Chow Vincent , Tambyah Paul
Published: February 2022

Data on the viral loads in respiratory aerosols from patients infected with Delta and Omicron variants are limited. In this study, we used an exhaled breath bioaerosol collector to collect aerosol samples in coarse (> 5µm) and fine (≤ 5µm) fractions from COVID-19 patients infected with these VOCs while doing various respiratory activities. Samples were tested via SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR and virus culture. Nine patients (4 Delta and 5 Omicron) were included. Viral RNA was detectable in seven participants, with greater viral loads in fine aerosols. Notably SARS-CoV-2 RNA was consistently detectable in respiratory samples of all Omicron patients despite them being fully vaccinated and mostly asymptomatic in contrast with Delta patients. Singing and talking without mask generated the greatest viral loads underscoring the transmission potential of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants via respiratory aerosols. The more consistent detection of viral RNA in Omicron-infected patients may account for its greater transmissibility.
Trends and patterns of benzodiazepines prescription from 2014 to 2016: A retrospective cross-sectional study in an outpatient setting of tertiary hospital in Malaysia.
Authors: Rahman Norny Syafinaz Ab , Pakururrazi Fatin Azzyati , Zin Che Suraya , Halim Helina Abd
Published: February 2022

Background
Despite evidence of their association with adverse drug events and mortality, benzodiazepines are still among the main choice for treating many psychiatric disorders and neurological conditions. To date, there is a meager data on the prescribing trends and patterns of benzodiazepines in Malaysia.
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the trends and patterns of benzodiazepines prescribing at outpatient hospital setting.
Method
A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at outpatient pharmacy of a tertiary hospital in Malaysia. Prescriptions for any of seven benzodiazepines (alprazolam, bromazepam, clobazam, clonazepam, diazepam, lorazepam and midazolam) issued from January 2014 until December 2016 were screened and included in this study. Trends and patterns of prescribed benzodiazepines were examined. Descriptive statistics and association between patient characteristics and prescribing patterns were performed using STATA® SE v.13.1 (Stata Corp LP, Texas, USA).
Results
A total of 5,728 benzodiazepines prescriptions of the seven benzodiazepines were prescribed for 1,943 patients from 2014 to 2016. BZDs were prescribed to 1,013 (52.1%) male with mean age of 46.8 ± 14.1 for the whole study population, in which 26.8% were between 45–54 years old. About 40% of benzodiazepines prescribed were classified as short-acting. About 12.6% reduction in the overall number of benzodiazepine prescriptions from 2014 (n = 1956) to 2016 (n = 1709). Alprazolam was the most frequently prescribed (43.3%) in 2014, followed by (38.9%) 2015 and (36.8%) 2016. Approximately, 69.64% (n = 6,218) of benzodiazepines were prescribed for a duration of 15 to 30 days, while 57.29% (n = 5,115) of benzodiazepines were prescribed with fixed dosing schedule.
Conclusion
Overall benzodiazepine prescription shows a decreasing trend from 2014 to 2016. Alprazolam, the short-acting benzodiazepine was the most frequently prescribed in hospital outpatient setting in Malaysia.
BRAVEHeart: A randomised trial comparing the accuracy of Breathe Well and RPM for deep inspiration breath hold breast cancer radiotherapy
Authors: Byrne Hilary , Steiner Elisabeth , Booth Jeremy , Lamoury Gillian , Morgia Marita , Richardson Kylie , Ambrose Leigh , Makhija Kuldeep , Stanton Cameron , Zwan Ben , Atyeo John , Silvester Shona , Plant Natalie , Keall Paul
Published: February 2022

Background: Deep inspiration breath hold (DIBH) reduces radiotherapy cardiac dose for left-sided breast cancer patients. The BRAVEHeart (Breast Radiotherapy Audio Visual Enhancement for sparing the Heart) trial will assess the accuracy and usability of a novel device, Breathe Well, for DIBH guidance for left-sided breast cancer patients. Breathe Well will be compared to an adapted widely available monitoring system, the Real-time Position Monitoring system (RPM).Methods: BRAVEHeart is a single institution prospective randomised trial of two DIBH devices. BRAVEHeart will assess the DIBH accuracy for Breathe Well and RPM during left-sided breast cancer radiotherapy. After informed consent has been obtained, 40 patients will be randomised into two equal groups, the experimental arm (Breathe Well) and the control arm (RPM with in-house modification of an added patient screen). The primary hypothesis of BRAVEHeart is that the accuracy of Breathe Well in maintaining the position of the chest during DIBH is superior to the RPM system. Accuracy will be measured by comparing chest wall motion extracted from images acquired of the treatment field during breast radiotherapy for patients treated using the Breathe Well system and those using the RPM system.Discussion: The Breathe Well device uses a depth camera to monitor the chest surface while the RPM system monitors a block on the patient abdomen. The hypothesis of this trial is that the chest surface is a better surrogate for the internal chest wall motion used as a measure of treatment accuracy. The Breathe Well device aims to deliver an easy to use implementation of surface monitoring. The findings from the study will help inform the technology choice for other centres performing DIBH.Trial registration: This trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov on 26 August 2016. The identifier is: NCT02881203. (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02881203).
Extended Pedigrees of Apple Cultivars from the University of Minnesota Breeding Program Elucidated Using SNP Array Markers
Authors: Luby James J. , Howard Nicholas P. , Tillman John R. , Bedford David S.
Published: February 2022

Apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) breeding at the University of Minnesota (UMN) has been ongoing continuously since 1908 when staff originally planted thousands of seedlings from open-pollinated (OP) seeds collected from regional orchards. The first cultivar from the program, ‘Minnehaha’, was introduced in 1920 and several others from these OP seeds followed over the next 3 decades. Controlled crosses were initiated in 1916, and until the time of this publication, 28 cultivars have been introduced. Historical records of parentage, as recorded by staff in notebooks and in 20th-century publications, have been used to inform breeding decisions but might be incorrect as indicated by earlier explorations of parentage using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Our objective was to elucidate parentage and extended pedigrees of all available cultivars introduced from the UMN apple breeding program using evaluations of Mendelian errors and shared haplotype length information based on data from single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays. Sixteen of the 21 cultivars introduced before ‘Honeycrisp’ (1991) had incorrect or incomplete pedigrees that are now at least partially elucidated. These include the two most important regional cultivars in the 20th century: ‘Haralson’ (parents: ‘Malinda’ and ‘Wealthy’) and ‘Fireside’ (parents: ‘Wealthy’ and ‘Northwest Greening’). ‘Wealthy’, a widely grown cultivar in the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, was a frequent parent of older UMN cultivars. ‘Malinda’ was a less frequent parent than indicated by breeding records. ‘Duchess of Oldenburg’ (synonym ‘Borowitsky’) was revealed as an ancestor of overwhelming importance in the UMN breeding program. It was an ancestor of 27 of the 28 UMN cultivars, including as a parent of two cultivars, and a grandparent of 15 cultivars, including ‘Honeycrisp’.
Comparison of Different Methods for Drug Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to Rifampicin
Authors: Umpeleva T. V. , Mazurina E. A. , Vakhrusheva D. V. , Eremeeva N. I.
Published: February 2022

The objective: to compare results of drug susceptibility testing to rifampicin by molecular genetic methods and phenotypic tests of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates obtained from clinical specimens of tuberculosis patients.Subjects and Methods. 915 samples of M. tuberculosis DNA and 426 cultures were used in this study. Genotypic tests (TB-TEST (BIOCIP-IMB, Russia), GenoType MTBDRplusV2) and phenotypic technologies (absolute concentration method, Bactec MGIT 960 system, Sensititre Myco TB kit) were used.Results. A high percentage (98.7%; CI 97.7-99.7%) of confirmation of the results of the molecular genetic test (TB-TEST) by the phenotypic test (absolute concentration method) was demonstrated. In some cases, the Bactec MGIT 960 system as well as the absolute concentration method were shown to produce false negative results of rifampicin resistance in some cases.
A Value Centred Paradigm to Moderate the Digital Transformation of Manufacturing
Authors: Dold Luzian
Published: February 2022

Digital transformation affects almost all areas of society and business and is of increasing interest to academics and industry practitioners. New digital technology is expected to enable manufacturing companies to capture competitive and productivity advantages compared to conventional methods. Aggregated information based on production process data represent a new production factor to generate innovative forms of digital value generation. Paradoxically, the implementation of digitalised production in manufacturing companies remains at unexpected low levels as companies’ investment decisions often vote against digitalisation due to uncertainty in judging novel forms of criteria related to digital value. Digital transformation constates a new set of latent structure and relationships to generate, capture and monetise value. A holistic view on heterogenous research disciplines related with digital transformation of production is proposed in this short communication. This research presents a new paradigm which takes the moderation function of value propositions, value architectures and value capture to evaluate projects relative to digitalised manufacturing.
Codependencia: una adicción o un patrón de relación inadecuado
Authors: Cueto Prieto Melissa Irene , Corzo Pérez Paula Ariadna
Published: February 2022

La codependencia es un problema que afecta a cada vez más personas, siendo esta la que caracteriza frecuentes estados de insatisfacción y sufrimiento personal, donde la persona se encuentra enfocada en atender las necesidades de su pareja y/o de otras personas, sin tomar en cuenta las propias, a partir de una necesidad de que la conducta de otra persona se desarrolle desde las propias expectativas, al tiempo que se vive la imposibilidad de expresarlo de manera clara y asertiva en el día a día. Terapéuticamente esta problemática ha sido y sigue siendo motivo de consulta en contextos de rehabilitación y procesos de recuperación en adicciones, estando representada en la naturaleza de los vínculos que se establecen al interior de una familia o de una pareja. De ahí la importancia del abordaje terapéutico de la red de apoyo del adicto, ya que esta tiende a considerar la adicción como un asunto único de la persona en rehabilitación. Desde hace algo más de 20 años, este tema ha sido motivo de investigación de terapeutas, psicólogos, psiquiatras y consejeros, quienes han propiciado discusiones a la luz de establecer un concepto de codependencia y qué elementos de esta merecen la pena tener en cuenta al momento de establecer líneas o planes de tratamientos para las personas que sufren esta condición.
La psicología educativa colombiana: un tránsito hacia el desarrollo
Authors: Ángel Gómez Karen
Published: February 2022

La psicología educativa ha sido objeto de diversos cambios a lo largo del tiempo y, al llegar a la Universidad Nacional de Colombia en 1948, los rasgos teóricos y paradigmáticos locales reflejaban, en alguna medida, lo que a nivel macro estaba ocurriendo dentro de la disciplina. Este rastreo teórico acerca del proceso de tránsito, crítica y cambio de la psicología educativa da un parámetro para entender de dónde viene, dónde está y hacia dónde va a nivel nacional. Como conclusión, se evidencia un tránsito hecho por la psicología educativa colombiana hacia un desarrollo, fortalecimiento, establecimiento y posicionamiento en un contexto cada vez más cambiante y exigente a través de los diversos paradigmas, metodologías, técnicas y modelos educativos existentes y desarrollados en la historia de la educación.
La pareja y su terapeuta. Conceptualizaciones, evoluciones y desafíos
Authors: González Quiros Deisy , Ramírez Gómez Daniela , Sepúlveda Flórez Cindy
Published: February 2022

El presente artículo se deriva de una investigación documental, la cual tuvo como objetivo analizar el concepto de pareja y las habilidades del terapeuta de pareja, que se identificaron en fuentes documentales de terapia contemporánea. En primer lugar, se logró identificar los cambios que se han dado en la conceptualización de la pareja, ya que la pareja como concepto ha tenido una fuerte implicación histórica y cultural, evidenciándose nuevas tipologías de pareja en la contemporaneidad. También fue posible encontrar que la pareja ha sido leída como sistema desde el trabajo terapéutico con la influencia de la cibernética de segundo orden.  En segundo lugar, se hallaron algunas de las habilidades que un terapeuta de pareja debe desarrollar para el éxito de su intervención, entre las que se encuentran la identificación de motivo de consulta, el establecimiento de la alianza terapéutica y el desarrollo del self del terapeuta.
Marketing científico: investigadores y prosumidores en la ciencia
Authors: Sepúlveda Cardona Edwin Andrés
Published: February 2022

Los eslabones para la difusión de la ciencia crecen y se diversifican al compás propio de las evoluciones tecnológicas digitales. El vértigo de los datos, la celeridad de la información, el crecimiento exponencial de plataformas (Martel, 2014) y la inclusión de planes publicitarios y de marketing en las actividades académicas y científicas, catalizan estrategias y tácticas que son comparables con las de otras industrias comerciales (Fenner, 2012).
Economic impacts of water market simulation in agriculture
Authors: Nourani Leyla , Moosavi Seyed Nematolla , Shirvanian Abdoulrasool
Published: February 2022

Water market is one of the modern issues in demand management in face of water scarcity, which is increasingly used in different parts of the world as a tool for optimal allocation of water consumption and transfer of water to consumers with higher final efficiency. Despite the benefits of forming a water market, such markets are not yet developed in developing countries, such as Iran. Accordingly, this study examines the economic impact of water market design on farmers’ livelihood in Iran. The data of this study were collected using a multistage random sampling method from 100 users with water rights in the irrigation network of Ramjerd plain in Fars province. The data were analyzed using positive mathematical programming and scenario making. The results showed that with the formation of the water market, the gross margin of the total lands with irrigation network of Ramjerd plain increased from 2,013.080 billion Rials to 2,194.2200 billion Rials. As a result, the agricultural economic situation of the region experienced an increase of 9%. therefore an appropriate legal and regulatory structure is recommended to create a water market on the lands located within the irrigation networks.
Establishing a statistical relation between meteorological and hydrological drought indices
Authors: Jincy Rose M. A. , Chithra N. R.
Published: February 2022

Investigation of the hydrological drought behaviour of the Bharathapuzha river basin of Kerala, India, on account of the meteorological drought condition of the watershed was carried out in this study with the aid of four popular drought indices. Statistical relations were established between the indices using polynomial regression models to help in predictions. A study on the decadal spatial variation of hydrological drought behaviour over the basin was also conducted. The cross-correlation study was also performed to understand the propagation of hydrological drought in the event of meteorological drought. The results reveal a slight decrease in the spatial extent of hydrological drought over time. The correlation between meteorological and hydrological drought indices was found to be more assertive at grid locations G1 and G4. According to the findings, the strongest correlation of 0.8 in the propagation of meteorological to hydrological drought was observed at a lag of 3 months over a 12 -month timescale. Run theory reveals that the river basin is subjected to hydrological drought over 54–65% of the months in the historic period. Regression analysis suggests that the cubic model outperforms the other models.
Long Non-Coding RNAs and Obesity: New Potential Pathogenic Biomarkers
Authors: Fontanini Martina , Cabiati Manuela , Giacomarra Manuel , Federico Giovanni , Del Ry Silvia
Published: February 2022

Background:

A portion of the human genome is characterized by long non-coding RNAs
(lncRNAs), a class of non-coding RNA longer than 200 nucleotides. Recently, the development of new biomolecular
methods made it possible to delineate the involvement of lncRNAs in the regulation of different biological
processes, both physiological and pathological, by acting within the cell with different regulatory mechanisms
based on their specific target. To date, obesity is one of the most important health problems spreading
all over the world, including the children: the search for new potential early biomarkers could open the doors to
novel therapeutic strategies useful to fight the disease early in life and to reduce the risk of obesity-related
co-morbidities.

Objective:

This review highlights the lncRNAs involved in obesity, in adipogenesis, and lipid metabolism, particularly
in lipogenesis.

Conclusion:

LncRNAs involved in adipogenesis and lipogenesis, being at the cross-road of obesity, should be
deeply analysed in this contest, allowing to understand possible causative actions in starting obesity and whether
they might be helpful to treat obesity.
Structural Biology Meets Biomolecular Networks: The Post-AlphaFold
Era
Authors: Yan Wenying , Hu Guang
Published: February 2022

Background:

Recent progress in protein structure prediction by AlphaFold has opened new
avenues to decipher biological functions from the perspective of structural biology based on the proteomics
level.

Methods:

To meet these challenges, in this perspective, three scales of networks for protein structures,
including structural protein-protein networks, protein structural networks, and elastic network models
were introduced for high-throughput modeling of protein functional sites and protein dynamics.

Conclusion:

In the post-AlphaFold era, it is assumed that the integration of biomolecular networks may
be leveraged in the future to develop a modeling framework that addresses protein structure-based functions
with the application in drug discovery.
Propofol and Sevoflurane Alleviate Malignant Biological Behavior and Cisplatin
Resistance of Xuanwei Lung Adenocarcinoma by Modulating the Wnt/β-catenin
Pathway and PI3K/AKT Pathway
Authors: Wang Zhonghui , Quan Yuhang , Li Shanshan , Wang Yahong , Liu Guangshun , Lv Zhiyong
Published: February 2022

Background:

Recent studies have shown that propofol and sevoflurane, two common anesthetics, can prevent
tumor development. The prevalence of lung adenocarcinoma in China is highest in Yunnan Xuanwei, and many
patients with lung cancer in this area are often resistant to platinum-based treatments.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of propofol and sevoflurane on malignant biological
behavior and cisplatin resistance of Xuanwei lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods:

Herein, XWLC-05/R, a cisplatin-resistant cell line of XWLC-05 cells from Xuanwei lung adenocarcinoma,
was constructed. The XWLC-05 cells and XWLC-05/R cells were treated with propofol and sevoflurane singly or as a
combination and subjected to CCK-8 assay, clone formation tests, and flow cytometry analysis to assess the proliferation
level of cells. The morphology and number of apoptotic bodies in XWLC-05 cells and XWLC-05/R were examined
with a transmission electron microscope. The ANNEXIN V-FITC/PI and transwell assays were performed to
evaluate apoptosis, invasion, and migration of the cells. Subsequently, we constructed a Xuanwei lung adenocarcinoma
xenograft model to investigate the effects of propofol and sevoflurane on the tumorigenicity of XWLC-05 cells in vivo.

Results:

Treatment with propofol and sevoflurane significantly inhibited proliferation, invasion, migration, and induced
apoptosis of XWLC-05 and XWLC-05/R cells. These effects were more pronounced when propofol and
sevoflurane were co-incubated with the cells. Moreover, both propofol and sevoflurane significantly inhibited Wnt/β-
catenin and PI3K/AKT pathways. Moreover, the two drugs effects suppressed the malignant biological behavior of
XWLC-05 cells and XWLC-05/R cells, and this effect was counteracted by 740Y-P (PI3K/AKT pathway activator)
and Wnt pathway activator 1 (Wnt/β-catenin pathway activator). In vivo experiments confirmed that propofol and
sevoflurane alleviated the tumorigenicity of XWLC-05 cells.

Conclusions:

In summary, this study shows, for the first time, that propofol and sevoflurane decrease the proliferation,
invasion, migration and induce apoptosis of XWLC-05 cells and XWLC-05/R cells by impeding the Wnt/β-catenin and
PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, thereby alleviating the development of Xuanwei lung adenocarcinoma in vivo. Moreover,
these effects are more pronounced when the two drugs are combined.
Service quality delivery and consumers’ choice of fast-food outlets
Authors: Etuk Aniebiet , Anyadighibe Joseph A. , Amadi Christian , James Edim James
Published: February 2022

This study examined the effect of service quality delivery on consumer’s choice of fast foods outlets. Cross-sectional survey research design was adopted. Primary data was collected from respondents using structured questionnaire. Simple regression in the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was adopted to analyze the data collected. Consequently, it was found that service tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy had significant effects on consumer’s choice of fast foods. Thus, it was recommended amongst others, that fast food outlets should be more responsive to consumers’ service requirements by rapidly eliciting and resolving consumers’ enquiries and complaints; consistently deliver fast, strong and reliable service; ensure their personnel treat consumers with politeness and consideration at every point of service encounter and constantly seek ways to offer freshness in order to remain relevant in the market place.
Factors Affecting Central Government’s Performance Accountability in Indonesia
Authors: Erawan I Gede , Putra Fadillah , Sentanu I Gede
Published: February 2022

The literature regarding the correlation of central government spending on performance accountability and the benefits of BSC implementation on the government’s performance reporting practices are rarely discussed, especially in developing countries. Consequently, this paper aims to examine the effects of expenditure budget and BSC implementation on the Indonesian central government’s performance accountability. This research employs panel data analysis using secondary data from the central government’s assessment. The findings confirm that central government expenditure and BSC implementation significantly and positively affect performance accountability. Specifically, ministries/agencies working in financial services have higher performance accountability than ministries/agencies in politics, laws, and security affairs. Additionally, the results show that the better the education level of employees, the better performance accountability. By determining the factors that positively influence performance accountability, the central government can formulate specific policies to improve its performance.
Eloy Solano Camacho (1955-2021)
Authors: Ayala María Magdalena
Published: February 2022

Se describen algunas de las aportaciones del querido Dr. Eloy Solano Camacho y se le recuerda con cariño en este obituario.
MÍDIA E EDUCAÇÃO: INTERFACE PROCESSUAL NA TEORIA DAS REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS
Authors: Oliveira Maria Olivia Matos , Ornellas Maria de Lourdes Soares
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo trata das relações entre mídia e educação, na interface com as representações sociais, discutindo o papel das mídias na formação da sociedade contemporânea, criticando os impactos sociais da globalização e da tecnologia. O estudo também analisa as mensagens veiculadas e organizadas pelos atores sociais, a partir de critérios cognitivos, afetivos, ideológicos, sociais, históricos e culturais, à luz da teoria das Representações Sociais conceituada como o conhecimento do senso comum e formada em razão do cotidiano do sujeito. Tomando como base teóricos que são referências nas Representações Sociais – Moscovici (1976, 1978); Jodelet (2009); Jovchelovitch (2004); Alves-Mazzotti (1994); Sá (1998) – e da Mídia – Thompson (2007, 2011); McLuhan (2005); Martín-Barbero e Rey (2001); Dizard (2000) –, as autoras aprofundam o debate sobre os limites e as potencialidades dos meios de comunicação de massa, sua capacidade de modelação da opinião pública, resgatando o sujeito que expressa um saber prático de assimilação, aprendizagem e interpretação do mundo, que é produzido coletivamente na prática social e nas relações interpessoais. É uma abordagem que se encontra hoje no centro de um debate interdisciplinar, pois tenta nomear e fazer relações entre as construções simbólicas e a realidade social. Por outro lado, é intenção das autoras, que vêm estudando essa temática, quer nos respectivos grupos de pesquisa, quer nas publicações, deixar sementes que possam germinar, abrindo novos recortes e outras perspectivas de análises da escuta da mídia e de seu saber-fazer, para futuros pesquisadores e acadêmicos.
FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES PARA DOCÊNCIA ONLINE: CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Silva Marco , Cilento Sheilane Avellar
Published: February 2022

No Brasil, cresce exponencialmente a oferta de graduações na modalidade online, na medida em que a legislação oficial específica e as políticas públicas de inclusão social no ensino superior contam com as tecnologias digitais invadindo os mais distintos setores da vida social. No entanto, a expansão da modalidade onlinenão tem sido acompanhada de formação docente adequada, particularmente entre os graduandos em pedagogia e aqueles professores que atuam em cursos na web. Este texto reúne algumas considerações sobre formação de professores para docência onlineextraídas de investigação acadêmica realizada com base no estudo de um caso brasileiro. O quadro teórico articula abordagens sobre: a) educação e cultura digital;  b)  docência  no  ensino  superior;  e  c)  formação  para  a  docência online. As conclusões apontam para a necessidade de: a) desenvolver saberes docentes que contemplem a especificidades do meio online; b) desenvolver o diálogo entre professores e alunos enquanto parceiros que compartilham a construção do conhecimento e da comunicação; c) superar o uso das interfaces fórum e chat baseado na interação sem articulação, em favor da colaboração e interatividade; d) investir na formação continuada que proporcione ao docente aptidões pedagógicas específicas como expressão socioafetiva nas relações interpessoais com os cursistas e expertisetecnológica para promover a inclusão do cursista na dinâmica específica da aprendizagem online. Focado nesses desafios, o texto espera contribuir com o debate sobre a qualidade da formação de professores para docência online, quando a  tendência  ainda  é  a  subutilização  das  potencialidades  interativas  da webe a reprodução de práticas unidirecionais da sala de aula presencial.
PASSION Project: Data Collection in Madagascar and Guinea (Preprint)
Authors: Rabenja Fahafahantsoa Rapelanoro
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Little data on dermatological conditions presenting on African skin are currently available. This is partly due to the lack of dermatologists in African countries, such as Madagascar and Guinea. There are only 13 dermatologists in Madagascar, or one dermatologist for every 2 million inhabitants. By contrast, the prevalence of common dermatosis is constantly increasing, especially among the pediatric population. According to the World Health Organization, 80% of these skin problems in Africa are grouped into the following 5 pathologies: atopic dermatitis, dermatophytosis, scabies, impetigo, and insect bites.

OBJECTIVE

In the face of this dilemma, artificial intelligence (AI) is a better tool to collect data on a national scale. Madagascar began participating in the PASSION project in June 2020 and Guinea began participating in January 2021. They join other countries, like Switzerland, Australia, China, India, and Tanzania, who are also using AI in dermatology. This study mainly aimed to compare the 5 pathologies according to the different phototypes characterizing these countries and to collect cases on a national scale that will form a national database. The aim of the data collection is to add 1000 cases per year to the database.

METHODS

To increase the number of cases included in phototypes III to VI, two countries were included. A total of 6 data collection sites were set up in Madagascar and one was set up in Guinea. Patients were recruited during dermatology consultations. All patients presenting the 5 pathologies were included. A total of 3 platforms were used to collect data: my.crf.one, IntelliStream, and Derma2go.

RESULTS

A total of 323 cases are currently included in the database for Madagascar, including 76 cases of scabies, 111 cases of atopic dermatitis, 94 cases of dermatophytosis, 35 cases of impetigo and 11 cases of insect bites. The patients’ ages ranged from 2 months to 68 years. A male predominance was noted, with a sex ratio of 1.19 (109 males and 91 females). Phototypes ranged from III to VI. For Guinea, 178 total cases included 32 cases of scabies, 26 cases of atopic dermatitis, 92 cases of dermatophytosis, 3 cases of impetigo, and 25 cases of insect bites. Patients’ ages ranged between 1 year and 70 years, with a male predominance, a sex ratio of 1.54 (108 males and 70 females), and a predominance of phototype VI.

CONCLUSIONS

AI is a data collection solution in Africa. However, high bandwidth is needed to employ AI.
Improving Pain Assessment Using Vital Signs and Pain Medication for Patients With Sickle Cell Disease: Retrospective Study (Preprint)
Authors: Padhee Swati , Nave Jr Gary K , Banerjee Tanvi , Abrams Daniel M , Shah Nirmish
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common inherited blood disorder affecting millions of people worldwide. Most patients with SCD experience repeated, unpredictable episodes of severe pain. These pain episodes are the leading cause of emergency department visits among patients with SCD and may last for several weeks. Arguably, the most challenging aspect of treating pain episodes in SCD is assessing and interpreting a patient’s pain intensity level.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to learn deep feature representations of subjective pain trajectories using objective physiological signals collected from electronic health records.

METHODS

This study used electronic health record data collected from 496 Duke University Medical Center participants over 5 consecutive years. Each record contained measures for 6 vital signs and the patient’s self-reported pain score, with an ordinal range from 0 (no pain) to 10 (severe and unbearable pain). We also extracted 3 features related to medication: medication type, medication status (given or applied, or missed or removed or due), and total medication dosage (mg/mL). We used variational autoencoders for representation learning and designed machine learning classification algorithms to build pain prediction models. We evaluated our results using an accuracy and confusion matrix and visualized the qualitative data representations.

RESULTS

We designed a classification model using raw data and deep representational learning to predict subjective pain scores with average accuracies of 82.8%, 70.6%, 49.3%, and 47.4% for 2-point, 4-point, 6-point, and 11-point pain ratings, respectively. We observed that random forest classification models trained on deep represented features outperformed models trained on unrepresented data for all pain rating scales. We observed that at varying Likert scales, our models performed better when provided with medication data along with vital signs data. We visualized the data representations to understand the underlying latent representations, indicating neighboring representations for similar pain scores with a higher resolution of pain ratings.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results demonstrate that medication information (the type of medication, total medication dosage, and whether the medication was given or missed) can significantly improve subjective pain prediction modeling compared with modeling with only vital signs. This study shows promise in data-driven estimated pain scores that will help clinicians with additional information about the patient’s condition, in addition to the patient’s self-reported pain scores.
Physicochemical Properties, Chemical Compositions and Antioxidant Activities of Rhizome Oils from Two Varieties of Kaempferia galanga
Authors: Muderawan I Wayan , Mudianta I Wayan , Martiningsih Ni Wayan
Published: February 2022

Kaempferia galanga is a tropical plant with an impressive range of food and medicinal uses. This study, therefore, investigated the variation in yields, physicochemical properties, chemical compositions, and antioxidant activities of rhizome oils from two K. galanga varieties, K. galanga bigger rhizomes (V1) and K. galanga smaller rhizomes (V2), isolated by steam distillation (S) and maceration (M) techniques. The air-dried rhizomes' oil contents were found to be 2.81±0.09% (SV1O), 7.93±0.20% (MV1O), 3.60±0.10% (SV2O), and 8.76±0.22% (MV2O), respectively. From the GC-MS analysis, the SV1O, MV1O, SV2O, and MV2O samples contain 49, 48, 61, and 56 compounds, respectively. Furthermore, ethyl trans-p-methoxycinnamate was the most prevalent chemical constituent in four oils with a percentage contribution of 43.37% (SV1O), 60.62% (MV1O), 24.92% (SV2O), and 57.17% (MV2O). Several long-chain alcohols (6Z,9Z-pentadeca-6,9-dien-1-ol, 9E,12E-octadeca-9,12-dien-1-ol, heptadecan-1-ol), aldehyde (Z-octadec-9-enal), carboxylic acids (4-(4-methoxyphenyl)oxane-4-carboxylic acid, hexadecanoic acid), diterpene sandaracopimaradiene, steroid ergosterol, and alkaloid 2-imino-3-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one, were also identified in K. galanga rhizome oils isolated by maceration method. In addition, all oils showed high antioxidant activities with the IC50 values of 86.10±1.51, 85.24±1.48, 89.19±1.72, and 86.49±2.03 μg/mL for SV1O, MV1O, SV2O, and MV2O, respectively.
Synthesis, Structural Analysis and Thermal Behavior of New 1,2,4-Triazole Derivative and Its Transition Metal Complexes
Authors: Bader Ali Taleb , Al-qasii Nada Ahmed Rasheed , Shntaif Ahmed Hassen , El Marouani Maryam , AL Majidi Mohammed Idaan Hassan , Trif László , Boulhaoua Mohammed
Published: February 2022

Cobalt(II), nickel(II), and copper(II) complexes containing bidentate ligands )5-(4-nitrophenyl)-4-((4-phenoxybenzylidene)amino)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol) could be synthesized by the condensation reaction between 1,2,4-triazole derivative and p-phenoxy benzaldehyde. The ligand and its complexes were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques such as FTIR, UV-visible, 1H and 13C-NMR, element analysis, molar conductance, and magnetic susceptibility test. The new ligand was exploited as a ligand to coordinate with Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) by a molar ratio of 1:2 (metal:ligand). The prepared complexes (C1, C2, and C3) were exposed to thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG) under an inert atmosphere to investigate their thermal stability. The ligand (L) degradation was also investigated as a reference. The results indicated that the complexes proposed structures had an octahedral geometry.
Perspectivas del voto de la ciudadanía mexicana residente en el extranjero en el proceso electoral 2020-2021
Authors: Contreras Daniel Tacher
Published: February 2022

En este trabajo se analizan las opiniones de la ciudadanía mexicana residente en el extranjero para conocer los principales obstáculos que enfrenta para el ejercicio del voto extraterritorial. Este artículo analiza el proceso de votación como una secuencia de acciones correlativas (solicitud de credencial para votar en sede diplomática, recepción de credencial, confirmación de recepción e inscripción al listado nominal de electores residentes en el extranjero) cuyo resultado de participación se vincula al grado de conocimiento sobre el proceso en su conjunto. La evaluación del proceso de votación extraterritorial se realiza contrastando opiniones y percepciones de la ciudadanía mexicana residente en el extranjero. La metodología para conocer las percepciones fue cualitativa a partir de entrevistas semiestructuradas y un sondeo de muestra aleatoria entre la comunidad mexicana en el extranjero. Los resultados explican el nivel de participación de la ciudadanía mexicana residente en el extranjero como consecuencia del conocimiento sobre el complejo proceso de registro para votar y la escaza información institucional disponible.
Expectativas y pandemia. Voto diferenciado y voto racional en las elecciones de Yucatán de 2018 y 2021
Authors: Torres-Martínez Rubén
Published: February 2022

En el presente artículo se analiza el proceso de bipartidismo y voto diferenciado que parece caracterizar a Yucatán en lo que va del Siglo XXI. Se pone especial énfasis en los resultados electorales de 2018 y 2021 que pareciesen salirse de la lógica de dicho voto diferenciado. Dos eventos disonantes explicarían esa impresión a primera vista: la llegada de AMLO al poder en 2018, y la coyuntura de pandemia por Covid-19. Sin embargo, al analizar detalladamente los resultados de ambas elecciones se puede inferir que el voto diferenciado en realidad permanece de manera notoria. Mejor aún, la manera en cómo el elector yucateco ejerce el sufragio permite observar que su elección es más racional de lo que uno podría suponer en un primer momento. El manejo de la pandemia en los distintos niveles de gobierno nos permite testimoniar de ello y explicarían, que a pesar de una victoria contundente como la de AMLO en 2018 y la del PAN en 2021, el voto diferenciado se mantiene constante.
La cuarta alternancia en el Estado de Nuevo León desde la transición a la democracia: redes sociales, polarización, identidad regional y rebelión contra el centralismo
Authors: De la Garza Montemayor Daniel Javier
Published: February 2022

El presente artículo busca hacer un breve recuento de los aspectos más relevantes del contexto de la elección estatal de Nuevo León. En este texto, se analizarán algunas de las principales características electorales de la entidad que la hacen un caso de estudio especial en México. Se examinan las condiciones, los actores y los resultados del proceso electoral del 2021, con una perspectiva histórica que considera el último cuarto de siglo. En el texto se hace también un repaso de las intención de voto de los electores antes y durante las campañas, así como las estrategias de los principales contendientes. También se observa la importancia de las redes sociales en la comunicación política de los distintos actores, así como el fuerte sentimiento regionalista que prevalece en el Estado. Las conclusiones preliminares confirman que Nuevo León es un caso atípico en materia electoral, algo que se refleja en el hecho de que los electores han apostado de manera consistente por la alternancia, pero también porque los resultados apuntan a una atomización del voto que difere de lo que ocurre en la mayoría del resto de las entidades federativas.
La clase media como identidad política en México: análisis de las elecciones de 2021
Authors: Abundis Luna Francisco , León Robles Lorenzo
Published: February 2022

Después de las elecciones en México de 2021 y la pérdida efectiva de votos por parte del partido del presidente, muchos actores políticos afirmaron que fue la clase media la que cambió de opinión y afectó en mayor parte la elección. En este artículo exploramos la politización de la identidad de clase social como mayor influencia en las preferencias electorales y su posible efecto al momento de votar. Tomamos datos de las encuestas de salida realizadas por Parametría el día de las elecciones federales de 2021, y exploramos tanto los resultados directos como la influencia de la identidad de clase al momento de votar. Encontramos que a pesar de haber relación entre mayor clase social y la probabilidad de votar por el partido opositor, este efecto no es significativo y es prácticamente nulo en la clase media. Para el partido del presidente, el efecto es insignificante frente a su ventaja en las clases más bajas.
Digitization of Non-Conformance Workflows and Processes in Aerospace Product Lifecycle Management
Authors: Gopi Subhash , Joshua Dicson , Valluri Venkata Satish
Published: February 2022

Abstract: The main cost associated with the Product lifecycle of an Aerospace part is its Manufacturing and Maintenance. There are several Non-conformance (sometimes referred to as defects) reported during part manufacturing, shipment, assembly, field operation, service, and overhaul. These are due to improper handling or due operational wear and tear. Non-conformance is a non-fulfilled requirement to design specification that could be a dimension, specification, or engineering process deviation. In the Aerospace industry Non-conformances not identified or not closed in time can have a cascading business impact across the supply chain and become a key reason of risk to productivity, lead time, and cost. Aerospace Non-conformance needs to be addressed with extreme caution as it could even cost life due to Nonconforming products in operation. These cannot be avoided but they need to be managed with mitigation plans, setting up priorities, planning, project management, and seamless communication between stakeholders [1]. Today, we live in the digital age where all conventional engineering processes are continuously automated and digitized with emerging technologies to maximize productivity and customer satisfaction. Non-conformance execution processes, workflows, and communications are potential areas that could be integrated as a web-based digital solution [2]. The paper would attempt to bring up challenges encountered by the conventional Non-conformance dispositioning processes and workflows and benefits of the Digitized framework. It would also detail all the key features of the Digital solution along with its tangible and intangible benefits to all the stakeholders by integrating workflows and taking productivity to the next level. Keywords: Non-conformance (NC), Digital solution, Aerospace industry, Product life cycle, Project Management
Plant Disease Detection and Fertilizer Suggestion
Authors: Save Apurva , Gupta Aksham , Pruthi Sarthak , Nikam Divyanjana , Paygude Prof. Dr. Shilpa
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Plant disease diagnosis is the foundation for efficient and precise plant disease prevention in today's complicated environment. Plant disease identification has become digitised and data-driven as smart farming has grown, allowing for advanced decision support, smart analysis, and planning. This work provides a deep learning-based mathematical model for detecting and recognising plant diseases, which improves accuracy, generality, and training efficiency. The prevention and control of plant disease have consistently been broadly talked about in light of the fact that plants are presented to the external climate and are profoundly inclined to diseases. Typically, the precise and quick diagnosis of disease assumes a significant part in controlling plant disease, since helpful protection measures are frequently carried out after right diagnosis Identification of the plant diseases is the way to prevent the misfortunes in the yield and amount of the rural item. Early Detection of Plant Leaf Disease is a significant need in a developing horticultural economy like India. Without legitimate recognizable proof of the disease, disease control measures can be an exercise in futility and cash and can prompt further plant misfortunes. Our task proposes a profound learning-based model which will be trained utilizing a dataset containing pictures of healthy and diseased crop leaves. The model will serve its target by ordering pictures of leaves into diseased classes dependent on the example of imperfection. The framework effectively recognizes various sorts of disease found in Tomato Crop. Index Terms: Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Deep Learning, Pretrained models, Inceptionv3, Xceptionv3, MobilenetV2.
ON THE ROLE OF V. HEISENBERG, E. SCHRÖDINGER, K.F. WEIZSACKER, N. BOHR AND M. HEIDEGGER IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LOGICAL AND MATHEMATICAL FOUNDATIONS OF QUANTUM PHYSICS
Authors: Antipenko Leonid Grigor'evich
Published: February 2022

The development of the logical and mathematical foundations of quantum physics and, first of all, quantum mechanics is the work of a large team of physicists, mathematicians and philosophers who have contributed to the solution of this problem. The title of the article lists the names of four scientists who, according to the author, paved the way for the creation of quantum logic. This must be understood in such a way that from the very beginning (Heisenberg and Schrödinger) it was established that the properties of quantum objects are described not by numbers, but by operators. In the relationships of the operators themselves, one could see an analogue of Boolean algebra of classical logic. Weizsäcker raised the question of how the physical quantity of time, in describing the motion states of quantum objects, can be represented: an operator or a state vector? The author of the article shows that the development of quantum mechanics has gone through two stages. The first stage differs in that complex numbers and functions were introduced into physics, in other words, elements of the theory of functions of a complex variable. At the second stage, spinor calculus penetrated into quantum physics. If at the first stage methods were presented for describing the external degrees of freedom (motion) of elementary particles and other quantum objects, then the second stage was marked by the description of internal degrees of elementary particles. It became possible to understand that the measured mass of an electron or any other fermion is an averaged quantity, it consists of two ingredients: a positive mass and a negative mass (two values of the corresponding operator). An important role in this discovery played the operation of dialectical negation (privation), borrowed from Heidegger's fundamental ontology.
THE UNIVERSAL PERIOD-TRIPLING SYSTEM
Authors: Kolombet V. A , Lesnykh V. N , Panchelyuga V. A
Published: February 2022

Many researchers reported the observation in various systems of different nature of the phenomenon, which we now call the universal periods-tripling system. The most significant contribution to the study of the system was made by S. Puetz, who gave its mathematical description and demonstrated numerous examples of the system in the range from 57.3 to 1.64 billion years. In our studies, “shortwave” part of the system was investigated. The article provides a brief overview of S. Puetz's research, as well as brief descriptions of our research.