bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DEMOKRATIS DAN LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. SENTRA BUMI PALAPA UTAMA GRESIK
Authors: Noneng Sukatmadiredja, R , Kuswandi Kuswandi , Irawan Alan Dwi
Published: October 2019

Abstract: Caroseries and construction companies nowadays made substantial progress, therefore it needs good leadership, skilled, responsible and willing to understand the desire of subordinates. This research aims to determine the effect of leadership style and work environment on employee morale at caroseries company PT. Sentra Bumi Palapa Utama. This research using Quantitative Analysis method. Statistical tools used in the form of multiple regression, conducted by SPSS 20. The results shows that democraticleadership and work environment simultaneously influence work productivity. Partially, democratic leadership influence work productivity, while work Environment variables do not have any impact on work productivity.Keywords : democratic leadership, work environment, productivityAbstrak: Perusahaan karoseri dan konstruksi dewasa ini telah mengalami perubahan yang pesat, sehingga perlu adanya kepemimpinan yang profesioanal, terampil, bertanggung jawab dan mengerti keinginan karyawannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan dan lingkungan kerja terhadap semangat kerja karyawan pada perusahaan karoseri PT. Sentra Bumi Palapa Utama. Metode penelitian inimenggunakan Analisis Kuantitatif. Alat statistik yang digunakan berupa regresi berganda yang dilakukan melalui program SPSS 20. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan kepemimpinan demokratis dan lingkungan kerja mempengaruhiktivitas kerja. Kepemimpinan demokratis mempunyai pengaruh secara parsial terhadap produktifitas kerja, sedangkan variabel Lingkungan Kerja secara parsial tidak mempunyai pengaruh terhadap produktifitas kerja.Kata Kunci: kepemimpinan demokratis, lingkungan kerja, produktifitas
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPRILAKUAN INDIVIDU TERHADAP MINAT PEMANFAATAN SISTEM INFORMASI ORGANISASI (Studi Empiris Persepsi Pemanfaatan SIPKD Pada Biro Keuangan Sekretariat Daerah Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan)
Authors: Fatkhan Fatkhan
Published: October 2019

Abstract: This is a study about factors that influence individual behavior aboutinterest in organizational information system utilization. This study used aquestionnaire addressed to 68 civil servants in the Finance Bureau of the Regional Secretariat of the South Kalimantan province with a simple random sampling method and data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with the help of software SPSS 20 for windows. The results showed both simultaneously (F test) or partial (t test) performance expectations, effort expectancy, social factors and conditions that facilitate users significantly affect intention to use organizations’ information system based on applications SIPKD.Keywords: performance expectations, effort expectancy, social factors,conditions that facilitate user, intention to use organizations’ information systembased on SIPKD applicationsAbstrak: Ini adalah penelitian tentang faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku seorang individu tentang minatnya dalam memanfaatkan sistem informasi organisasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang ditujukan kepada 68 PNS pada Biro Keuangan Sekretariat Daerah Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan dengan metode simple random sampling dan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda dengan bantuan software SPSS 20 for window. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan baik secara simultan (uji F) maupun parsial (uji t) ekspektasi kinerja, ekspektasi usaha, faktor sosial dan kondisi yang memfasilitasi pemakai berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap minat pemanfaatan sistem informasi organisasi berbasis aplikasi SIPKD.Kata kunci : ekspektasi kinerja, ekspektasi usaha, faktor sosial, kondisi yangmemfasiitasi pemakai, minat pemanfaatan sistem informasi organisasi berbasisaplikasi SIPKD.
PENGARUH BIAYA PROMOSI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENJUALAN BUDI DAYA IKAN OLEH KELOMPOK TANI PAKAT SASAMA DI KELURAHAN PURUK CAHU KABUPATEN MURUNG RAYA
Authors: Wahyuni Amalia
Published: October 2019

Abstract: The main objective of this research is to study and analyze (1) The influence of promotion cost which consist of advertising cost, promotion cost of sale and cost of public relation and reporting, have significant influence either partially or simultaneously. (2) The dimension of promotional cost which is greater the effect on the increase of the sale of fish cultivation by farmer group of cooperation. This research is done by quantitative method and also use analysis method with SPSS Windows For Data as a data analysis tool. Based on the result of the research, it is found that in the multiple linear regression analysis it is found that promotion cost consisting of advertising cost, sales promotion cost and public relation cost and reporting, have significant influence either partially or simultaneously to the increase of fish farming sale by farmer group of pakekan sasama. Keywords: Cost, Promotion, Sales, Cultivation Abstrak: Tujuan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis (1) Pengaruh biaya promosi yang teridiri atas biaya periklanan, biaya promosi penjualan serta biaya hubungan masyarakat dan pemberitaan, berpengaruh signifikan baik secara parsial maupun simultan. (2) Dimensi biaya promosi mana yang lebih besar pengaruhnya terhadap peningkatan penjualan budi daya ikan oleh kelompok tani pakat sasama. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif serta menggunakan metode analisis dengan SPSS Windows For Data sebagai sebuah alat analisis data. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa dalam analisis regresi linier berganda didapatkan bahwa biaya promosi yang terdiri atas biaya periklanan, biaya promosi penjualan serta biaya hubungan masyarakat dan pemberitaan, berpengaruh signifikan baik secara parsial maupun simultan terhadap peningkatan penjualan budi daya ikan oleh kelompok tani pakat sasama. Kata kunci : Biaya, Promosi, Penjualan, Budidaya
SURVEI KEPUASAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PELAYANAN PUBLIK KANTOR DESA TATAH LAYAP KECAMATAN TATAH MAKMUR KABUPATEN BANJAR
Authors: Jazuli Ahmad , Fatimah Siti
Published: October 2019

Abstract: Public services are very important, both in the form of public goods and public services. Services in the form of public goods can be facilities that support people's lives such as roads, clean water and so on. The higher the quality of service in the form of public goods, the people's lives will be good, meaning that there are no problems that hinder in carrying out daily activities. While services in the form of services are very much needed by the community, such as health and education services and transportation. The services at the Tatah Layap Village Office in the District of Tatah Makmur, Banjar Regency in the category of service quality "B" were meaningful, but there were still elements: from Permenpan RB No. 14 of 2017 is not good, namely: completion time, implementing behavior, handling complaints and input suggestions, infrastructure according to the community in Tatahn Layap Village, Tatah Makmur District, Banjar Regency. Keywords: public services, quality of service, Tatah Lauap Village Office Abstrak: Pelayanan publik sangatlah penting, baik dalam bentuk berwujud untuk masyarakat ataupun jasa untuk masyarakat. Pelayanan dalam bentuk berwujud untuk masyarakat bisa jadi berupa fasilitas yang mendukng kehidupan masyarakat, seperti jalan raya, air bersih dan lainnya. Semakin tinggi kualitas pelayanan dalam bentuk barang publik maka kehidupan masyarakat akan baik, artinya tidak ada masalah yang menghambat dalam melaksanakan kegiatan sehari-hari. Sementara pelayanan dalam bentuk jasa sangat dibutuhkan masyarakat, seperti pelayanan kesehatan dan pendidikan serta penyelenggaraan transportasi. Kualitas pelayanan di Kantor Desa Tatah Layap Kecamatan Tatah Makmur Kabupaten Banjar masuk dalam kategori “B”, tetapi masih ada elemen kualitas pelayanan dari PermenpanRB No. 14 tahun 2017 yang masih belum bagus, berupa waktu penyelesaian, perilaku pelaksana, penanganan saran dan keluhan, infrastruktur menurut masyarakat Desa Tatah Layap Kecamatan Tatah Makmur Kabupaten Banjar. Kata kunci : pelayanan publik, kualitas jasa, Kantor Desa Tatah Layap
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK UMBI BIT (Beta vulgaris L.) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR LDL TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN (Rattus norvegicus) YANG DIINDUKSI SUKROSA
Authors: Manurung Monika Septiana , Mangunsong Sonlimar
Published: October 2019

Latar Belakang : Tingginya kadar kolesterol dalam darah dapat berpengaruh terhadap kesehatan jantung dan pembuluh darah . Menurut penelitian, umbi bit mengandung zat aktif seperti betalain, flavonoid, tanin dan saponin. Zat-zat tersebut diduga mampu menurunkan kadar LDL kolesterol dalam darah. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk meneliti apakah umbi bit (Beta vulgaris L.) mampu menurunkan kadar LDL darah tikus putih jantan. Metode : Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimental yang dilakukan pada hewan percobaan tikus putih jantan (Rattus novergicus) sebanyak2 4 ekor yang dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok yaitu: kelompok kontrol normal; kelompok induksi sukrosa); kelompok induksi suspensi simvastatin 0,18 mg/200 grBB); kelompok induksi ekstrak dosis 20 mg/200 grBB; kelompok induksi ekstrak dosis 40 mg/200 grBB; kelompok induksi ekstrak dosis 80 mg/200 grBB. Induksi sukrosa bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kadar LDL dalam darah tikus putih jantan yang dilakukan secara oral. Pengukuran kadar LDL dalam darah tikus putih jantan yang dilakukan dengan mengambil darah tikus menggunakan alat biosystem A-15.

Hasil : Hasil uji ANOVA one-way menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok II (kelompok negatif) dengan kelompok I (kontrol normal), kelompok III (kontrol positif), kelompok IV (ekstrak dosis I), kelompok V (ekstrak dosis II), dan kelompok VI (ekstrak dosis III) dengan signifikan p=0,000 (p<0,05). Kesimpulan : Ekstrak umbi bit (Beta vulgaris L.) mampu menurunkan kadar LDL dalam darah tikus putih jantan selama 21 hari.
La gobernanza y su incidencia en los procesos de calidad en las instituciones de educación superior
Authors: Garzón Daza Cecilia , Rodríguez Parra Patricia
Published: October 2019

La gobernanza en las Instituciones de Educación Superior – IES –, constituyen la génesis administrativa y de calidad en la evolución de las instituciones educativas en entornos globales e internacionales, los cuales cada vez son más competitivos, organizados y provistos de un sin número de herramientas que intensifican los modelos de calidad en busca de la excelencia educativa como un compromiso social que engrandezca la actividad que allí se desarrolla. En este sentido, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los avances del gobierno corporativo en las IES desde la Ley 1188 del 2008, por medio de la cual se reguló el registro calificado, hasta la formulación del Decreto 1330 de 2019, el cual reglamenta el sistema de aseguramiento de la calidad de la Educación Superior y los principios de gobernanza y gobernabilidad, que permitan responder a las exigencias de calidad de la educación superior en un contexto local, regional y global; así como el Acuerdo 02 de 2017 del Consejo Nacional de Educación Superior – CESU – por medio del cual se establece la Política Pública para el mejoramiento del gobierno en las Instituciones de Educación Superior. Asimismo, el presente artículo se estructura a partir de un diseño metodológico que se centra en un estudio descriptivo que brinda una buena percepción del funcionamiento de un fenómeno y de las maneras en que se comportan los factores o elementos que lo componen.

Finalmente, se concluye que la gobernanza es un proceso necesario que constituye la columna vertebral de un sistema complejo y funcional que requiere estar en constante movimiento para abordar un futuro prometedor, rentable y exitoso en las IES. Este aspecto nos lleva a continuar investigando como las universidades privadas y públicas desarrollan sus procesos de gobernanza y gobernabilidad.
Agentes vasoativos e inotrópicos em anestesia e no paciente crítico
Authors: Fantoni Denise Tabacchi , Mastrocinque Sandra
Published: October 2019

Em pacientes críticos, e durante a anestesia, em que podem ocorrer depressão do débito cardíaco e hipotensão, o suporte com agentes vasoativos contribui sobremaneira para manutenção da função cardiocirculatória. Tais fármacos possuem características específicas devendo ser utilizados com parcimônia, para se evitar efeitos adversos advindos do uso inadequado e da ausência de monitoração.
Implantação de marcapasso em cão - Relato de caso
Authors: De Freitas Rodrigo Ramos , Stopiglia Angelo João , Fantoni Denise Tabacchi , Simões Edson Azevedo , Larsson Maria Helena Matiko Akao , Jatene Fábio Biscegli , Barbusci Luciana Oliveira Domingos , Aneli Elisângela , Irino Eduardo Toshio
Published: October 2019

Um animal da espécie canina, fêmea, raça Maltês, com um ano e seis meses de idade e pesando 3,2 quilogramas apresentava histórico de pré-síncope, sopro em foco mitral e bradicardia pela auscultação. Submeteu-se o animal a exame eletrocardiográfico e radiográfico, diagnosticando-se bloqueio atrioventricular de 3° grau e o tratan1ento recomendado foi a implantação de marcapasso. O período pós-operatório transcorreu normalmente e o animal apresenta bom estado geral, não apresentando nenhuma alteração clínica até o presente momento.
Polissinovite auto-imune por Rhodococcus equi em potro, secundária à enterocolite
Authors: Ribeiro Márcio Garcia , De Nardi Junior Geraldo , Dias Junior Jaime Galvão , Paes Antonio Carlos , Megid Jane , Gonçalves Roberto Calderon , Silva Junior Francisco F.
Published: October 2019

Relata-se polissinovite auto-imune por Rhodococcus equi em potro, secundária à severa enterocolite. Ao exame clínico, constatou-se debilidade do estado geral, diarréia e aumento das articulações nos quatro membros. Exames microbiológicos e citológicos de aspirado articular revelaram sinovite asséptica. Em virtude da debilidade progressiva do estado geral, recomendou-se a eutanásia. À necropsia constatou-se enterocolite, linfadenite mesentérica, congestão pulmonar, foco de abscesso em lobo pulmonar e espessamento das cápsulas articulares. Ressalta-se a ocorrência não-usual de polissinovite auto-imune por R. equi em potro, decorrente da deposição de imunocomplexos articulares, secundária à severa enterite e linfadenite mesentérica.
Ingestão calórica e alta hospitalar em cães e gatos
Authors: Carciofi Aulus Cavalieri , Fraga Valéria Oliveira , Brunetto Márcio Antônio
Published: October 2019

Objetivo: Investigar a correlação entre ingestão calórica e tempo de internação com a alta ou o óbito de cães e gatos. Material e Método: Animais internados no Hospital Veterinário da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias da Universidade Estadual Paulista (HV-FCAV/UNESP), Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, por qualquer motivo de doença no pré ou pós-cirúrgico, tiveram estimada sua necessidade energética de manutenção ( EM): 132 x (peso corporal)o.75 kcal por dia para cães; 70 x (peso corporal) kcal por dia para gatos. Receberam alimento comercial super-premium, suporte enteral e parenteral. Foram incluídos 279 animais (223 cães e 56 gatos). Resultados: Tiveram alta hospitalar 76,7% dos pacientes, cuja ingestão percentual média da NEM foi de 71,12%. Já os que vieram a óbito ingeriam apenas 33,97% da NEM (p  0,00 I). Os animais do grupo Alta permaneceram , 18 dias no hospital, enquanto os do grupo Óbito 5,45 dias (p =0,16). Dentre os animais que receberam de 0% a 33% da NEM, 38% tiveram alta e 62% vieram a óbito; dos que receberam entre 34% e 66% da NEM, 84% tiveram alta e 16% vieram a óbito; para os que receberam mais de 67% da NEM, 89% tiveram alta e 11% vieram a óbito, demonstrando menor mortalidade nas faixas de maior balanço calórico (p < 0,00 I). Nestas faixas, os animais permaneceram mais tempo hospitalizados (p < 0,002), o que também pode ser verificado pela associação positiva entre ingestão de calorias e dias de internação (R = 0,21; p < 0,05). Conclusões: Verificou-se que dentre os animais para os quais administrou-se maior quantidade de calorias o número de alta e tempo de permanência hospitalares foram maiores.
Avaliação do método de ensino da técnica cirúrgica utilizando cadáveres quimicamente preservados
Authors: Da Silva Rosane Maria Guimarães , Matera Julia Maria , Ribeiro Antônio Augusto Coppi Maciel
Published: October 2019

Objetivo: Avaliar o treinamento cirúrgico em cadáveres quimicamente preservados oferecido pelas Disciplinas de Técnica Cirúrgica e de Ortopedia, da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo (FMVZ/USP), São Paulo, SP, como método alternativo ao uso de animais vivos em aulas. Material e Método: Utilizou-se a Solução de Larssen modificada, que preserva as características dos animais como cor, consistência e textura dos tecidos e flexibilidade das articulações o mais semelhante possível às encontradas no animal vivo. Os cadáveres com peso corpóreo entre 1 e 25 kg, com sexo e raças variáveis, foram higienizados e receberam uma lavagem do circuito vascular com solução fisiológica aquecida e uma segunda lavagem com Solução de Larssen modificada num volume correspondente a 5% do peso corpóreo do cadáver. Em uma segunda etapa, procedeu-se à injeção do fixador, cujo volume correspondeu a 10% do peso do cadáver. Após a fixação, os cadáveres foram criopreservados em câmara frigorífica com temperaturas de -20°C a -16°C. A aceitação do uso de cadáveres como método de ensino foi avaliada por meio de questionário de pesquisa de opinião distribuído aos alunos que cursaram a disciplina de Técnica Cirúrgica nos anos de 200 I, 2002 e 2003. Resultados e Conclusões: Pelas respostas ao questionário foi possível concluir que o método de ensino descrito é bem aceito pelos alunos. O uso de cadáveres quimicamente preservados com Solução de Larssen modificada permite treinamento intenso e adequado das técnicas cirúrgicas realizadas durante a disciplina. Tal prática possibilita a utilização dos cadáveres, várias vezes, diminuindo assim o número de animais necessários para as aulas.
Cost-effectiveness of Apixaban for Stroke Prevention in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation in Algeria
Authors: Aoudia Yazid , Kongnakorn Thitima , Merinopoulou Evie , Bettayeb Mohamed Said , Kherraf Sid Ahmed
Published: October 2019

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a chronic sustained heart rhythm disorder associated with an increased risk of stroke. Apixaban, a new oral anticoagulant, was approved by the European Medicines Agency for prevention of stroke in patients with AF. The efficacy of apixaban has been investigated in randomised controlled trials. Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the economic implications of using apixaban compared to other anti-coagulations to reduce the risk of stroke in patients with AF from the perspective of the Algerian payer. Methods: A previously published Markov model was adapted to the Algerian setting. The model included patients for whom vitamin K antagonist (VKA) treatment is suitable and could initiate on acenocoumarol, rivaroxaban or apixaban, and those unsuitable for VKA treatment who could initiate on aspirin or apixaban. Over a lifetime time horizon, costs were estimated in Algerian dinars (DZD) and outcomes included life-years (LYs), quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). Results: In the VKA suitable population, apixaban was estimated to be a dominant treatment option over rivaroxaban, providing a higher number of QALYs at lower costs, while when compared with acenocoumarol, an ICER of 3 672 059 DZD per QALY gained was estimated. Amongst those unsuitable for VKA therapy, the ICER was 2 061 863 DZD per QALY gained. Conclusion: Apixaban was found to be a cost-effective choice for stroke prevention in patients with AF in Algeria compared to acenocoumarol and rivaroxaban in the VKA suitable population and compared to aspirin in the VKA unsuitable population.
One-year Prevalence, Comorbidities, and Cost of Hospitalizations for Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the United States
Authors: Blanchette Christopher M. , Zacherle Emily , Noone Joshua M. , Van Doren Bryce A. , Roy Debosree , Howden Reuben
Published: October 2019

Objectives: Little is known about severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations among patients with Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency (AATD). We assessed inpatients with AATD and COPD among a sample of COPD inpatients to ascertain demographic, clinical and economic differences in the course of disease and treatment.

Methods: Using data from the 2009 Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), we identified COPD (ICD-9-CM: 491.xx, 492.xx, or 496.xx) patients with AATD (273.4). We compared patient demographics and healthcare outcomes (eg, length of stay, inpatient death, type and number of procedures, and cost of care) between COPD patients with and without alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. Frequencies and percentages for patient demographics were compared using bivariate statistics (eg, chi-square test). Recognizing the non-parametric nature of length of stay and cost, we calculated median values and interquartile ranges for these variables for each group of patients. Finally, the risk of inpatient death was estimated using logistic regression.

Results: Of 840 242 patients with COPD (10.8% of the NIS sample population), 0.08% (684) had a primary or secondary diagnosis code for AATD. COPD+AATD were younger (56 vs 70, p<0.0001) and as a result, less likely to be covered by Medicare (44% vs 62%, p<0.0001). AATD patients were also more likely to have comorbid non-alcoholic liver disease (7% vs 2%, p<0.0001), depression (17% vs 13%, p=0.0328), and pulmonary circulation disorders (7% vs 4%, p=0.0299). Patients with AATD had a 14% longer length of stay (IRR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.07, 1.21) and a mean cost of $1487 (p=0.0251) more than COPD inpatients without AATD.

Conclusions: AATD is associated with increased mean length of stay and cost, as well as higher frequency of comorbid non-alcoholic liver disease, depression, and pulmonary circulation disorders. Future research should assess other differences between AATD and the general COPD population such as natural history of disease, treatment responsiveness and disease progression.
Competing Risks Analysis of Cancer-associated Recurrent Thrombosis, Major Bleeds, and Death in a Geriatric Cohort
Authors: Brown Joshua D. , Ratermann Kelley L. , Ratermann Kelley L. , Talbert Jeffery C. , Adams Val R. , Adams Val R.
Published: October 2019

Background: Individuals with cancer are at an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). There is a continued increased risk of recurrent VTE after the initial event as well as increased bleed risk related to VTE treatment. Objectives: This study sought to observe the incidence of recurrent VTE, major bleeding, and death in a geriatric oncology population during treatment for a cancer-associated VTE. Methods: We utilized an insurance claims database of Medicare Advantage beneficiaries 65 and older. The index VTE was identified and individuals were followed up to 180 days to observe an outcome event. Treatment groups were classified among those receiving warfarin, low-molecular weight heparins (LMWH), vena cava (VC) filters with or without anticoagulation, or no treatment. Treatment groups were compared on baseline demographic and clinical characteristics and an inverse probability of treatment weight was used to balance these factors between the groups. A competing risks, time-to-event analysis was performed including treatment only models as well as adjusted models with additional covariates. Causespecific hazards ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals were reported. Results: Treatment groups differed on baseline variables including age, comorbidities, and tumor sites. After balancing the treatment groups on baseline characteristics, those receiving LMWHs had no difference in recurrent VTE compared to warfarin but had less than half the risk of major bleeding (HR=0.48 [0.27-0.85]). Those receiving VC filters had increased risk of all outcome events relative to warfarin. Conclusion: Patients over the age of 65 with cancer are at a high risk of experiencing recurrent VTE and major bleeding during treatment for a cancer-associated VTE. These results are consistent with United States guidelines which recommend LMWHs over warfarin for treatment and secondary prevention of VTE.
Species, grading, and mechanical properties of locally sourced timber in the Joyabaj region of Guatemala
Authors: Bogle-Boesiger Larissa , Davis Todd
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this project was to research the timber used by Engineers without Borders (EWB) groups in the Joyabaj region of Guatemala. This project aimed to investigate the species of wood, evaluate the quality by assessing the distribution of timber grades, and determine mechanical properties. The results will aid EWB groups in the design of wood structures in the Joyabaj region of Guatemala.Samples were collected for species investigation and mechanical testing. Species investigation was triangulated from interviews with the sawmill owner, construction foreman, testing by the USDA Forest Products Laboratory, and comparisons to literature. The results were inconclusive and indicated multiple species were intermixed at the sawmill with no distinction made when purchased. Timber quality was evaluated by using a visual grading guide developed by the authors to assess the distribution of grades within a large order of lumber. Static bending and compression parallel to grain tests were conducted to obtain modulus of rupture, compression parallel to grain, and modulus of elasticity. Specific gravity was also obtained.The results indicate that three different species were collected. Ninety per cent (90%) of the timber was No. 3 or better and 50% to 80% was No. 2 or better depending on the size. Clear wood testing values were similar to those of Eastern White Pine. Structural design should be performed based on National Design Specification (NDS) design values for a No. 3 or No. 2 Eastern White Pine, depending on the degree of wood selection in the construction process.
Escalando por la Ciencia y el Hielo: De Hans Kinzl y Montañismo- Glaciología a Ciencia Ciudadana en la Cordillera Blanca
Authors: Carey Mark , Garrard Rodney , Cecale Courtney , Buytaert Wouter , Huggel Christian , Vuille Mathias
Published: October 2019

Observar y monitorear cambios glaciares y riesgos relacionados a glaciares constituye un reto dada la rápida velocidad de los cambios ambientales y sociales en regiones montañosas, tal como en los Andes peruanos, y en particular la Cordillera Blanca, con una historia mortífera de aluviones (flujos por desbordes violentos de lagunas glaciares, o GLOFs por sus siglas en inglés) y por avalanchas de hielo y roca. Es crucial analizar estas condiciones dinámicas no solamente por percepción remota, sino también por estudios de campo e investigaciones glaciológicas en el hielo mismo. Sin embargo, con los relativamente pocos investigadores profesionales y los recursos todavía limitados del gobierno peruano, particularmente de su Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Glaciares y Ecosistemas de Montaña (INAIGEM) y de la Unidad de
Glaciología y Recursos Hídricos (UGRH), no siempre es posible monitorear y estudiar en detalle todos los dinámicos ambientes glaciales del país. Examinando las prácticas
históricas de actividades que combinaron el montañismo y la glaciología, como el trabajo del Dr. Hans Kinzl en el Perú en las décadas entre 1930 y 1960, y los avances recientes en la ciencia ciudadana, este artículo muestra cómo la combinación del montañismo y la glaciología ha producido información útil acerca de los cambios en glaciares y los peligros relacionados a ellos. Las observaciones e incluso los datos recogidos por la comunidad de montañistas, que incluye escaladores, guías y porteadores, han contribuido a la investigación glaciológica y han diversificado el conocimiento de los glaciares, cuyo resultado final ideal es el aumento y el compartir del conocimiento generado, la ampliación de la conciencia pública, la reducción del riesgo de desastres relacionados con glaciares, y la mejora en el manejo ambiental para ayudar a un amplio rango de grupos interesados.
Percepciones tradicionales del cambio climático en comunidades altoandinas en la Cordillera Blanca, Ancash
Authors: walter Doris
Published: October 2019

En los Andes tropicales, y particularmente en la Cordillera Blanca del Perú, los impactos del calentamiento global sobre los glaciares están en aceleración constante. Los estudios científicos anticipan cambios importantes, que afectan tanto la disponibilidad de agua, con incidencias preocupantes en los ecosistemas y en el modo de vida de los pobladores rurales.
Basándonos en datos etnográficos recogidos en distintas localidades de la Cordillera Blanca, este artículo analiza las percepciones de la población rural acerca de los cambios climáticos y el retroceso glaciar. Si bien otros estudios han sido realizados sobre este tema en esta región, los datos presentados aquí los completan, añadiendo otras perspectivas. Luego de recordar brevemente la importancia de los glaciares en el pensamiento tradicional, exploraremos cuáles son los cambios climáticos que los habitantes de la cordillera perciben actualmente. Después, examinaremos las distintas causas que les atribuyen, sea que estas dependan de elementos cósmicos, naturales o divinos, o que estén directamente ligadas a las actividades humanas. Veremos que, de manera general, estos cambios son percibidos como un fenómeno local y no global. En fin, nos preguntaremos en qué medida el modo de vivir de los habitantes está afectado, así como la manera que ellos entrevén el futuro. Resulta un sentimiento general de impotencia y de resignación frente al destino, al mismo tiempo que una transformación de su visión de la naturaleza.
Sedimentología y Estructura del Complejo de la Morrena Laterofrontal de la Laguna Palcacocha en la Cordillera Blanca, Perú
Authors: Bowman David , H. Eyles Carolyn , Narro-Pérez Rodrigo , Vargas Roque
Published: October 2019

El retroceso actual de los glaciares tropicales en la Cordillera Blanca del Perú ha dado lugar a la formación generalizada de lagunas glaciares con diques morrénicos. Como la continua fusión de los glaciares hace que estas lagunas crezcan, presentan el riesgo de desencadenar inundaciones (GLOFs, por sus siglas en inglés), eventos de pérdida de masa que involucran un rápido drenaje de la laguna, facilitado por una brecha el dique morrénico. En 1941, una brecha en la morrena de la laguna Palcacocha produjo un GLOF que mató a cerca de 2000 personas en la ciudad de Huaraz. Los criterios actuales de evaluación de peligros para la ocurrencia de GLOFs no reflejan completamente la estructura interna de la morrena en la mitigación de un GLOF. Las observaciones de la sedimentología y la estructura de la morrena de la laguna Palcacocha han permitido proponer una secuencia de eventos para la génesis y evolución de la morrena. Las condiciones de deposición bajo las cuales se desarrolló la morrena de Palcacocha dieron lugar a estructuras sedimentológicas específicas dentro de la morrena que podrían desempeñar un papel en la determinación de su resistencia a fallar. Un mejor entendimiento de los procesos que gobiernan la formación de morrenas en la Cordillera Blanca es fundamental para modelar el desarrollo de las morrenas pasadas y futuras. Se pueden aplicar estos modelos para comprender mejor la formación y estabilidad de las lagunas glaciares represadas por morrenas
التخلخل القيمي وعلاقته بانتشار بعض المظاهر والسلوكيات السلبية لدى الشباب الليبي
Authors: الرياني علي محمد
Published: October 2019

احتلت دراسة القيم مكاناً هاماً في علم الاجتماع حيث ترتبط القيم ارتباطا وثيقاً بدوافع السلوك وتوجهاته وأهدافه، وتصدر أحكاماً على الأشخاص في مواقف التفاعل، فتحفز الأشخاص لاتخاذ نمط سلوكي معين. وتختلف القيم باختلاف المجتمعات ، تنحصر الدراسة في محاولة التعرف على دور القيم في تدعيم بعض مظاهر الانحراف الاجتماعي باعتباره محركاً للسلوك، ومعرفة بعض المظاهر والسلوكيات السلبية بين الشباب، خاصة هذه الأيام، لان السلوك المنحرف المخالف للقيم وهو انحراف للقواعد السلوكية فالحقيقة العلمية والوصول إليها يتطلب جهداً فكرياً وتخطيطاً علمياً منظماً، والسبيل هو البحث والتطبيق، ومن هنا تمثل الدراسة الراهنة محاولة تستهدف إلقاء الضوء عن خطورة بعض القيم الاجتماعية الكامنة وراء تدعيم السلوك المنحرف. كما تفيد في إلقاء المزيد من الضوء على الواقع الاجتماعي للقيم في ظل التغيرات التي يمر بها المجتمع الليبي ..
أساليـــب تعديل السلوك المتبعة من قِبـل معلمات الصفوف الثلاثة الأولى بمرحلة التعليم الأساسـي في مدينة مصراته
Authors: الصــــــــــــــــادي أنور عمران , بن صــــــــــــــلاح محمد صالح
Published: October 2019

هدف البحث إلى التعرف على أساليب التعزيز والعقاب المتبعة من قبل المعلمات في تعديل سلوك تلاميذ الصفوف الثلاثة الأولى بمرحلة التعليم الأساسي في مدينة مصراته، كذلك تبين أكثر هذه الأساليب شيوعاً واستخداماً من قبل أولئك المعلمات، وقد شملت عينة البحث البيئة الجغرافية لمدينة مصراته، وبلغ عدد عناصرها (230) معلمة مثلت 13% من مجتمع البحث تقريباً . ومن خلال نتائج البحث تبين أن أكثر أنواع العقاب شيوعاً لدى المعلمات - على الترتيب هي: استدعاء ولي الأمر، توجيه اللوم للتلميذ المخالف على انفراد، إحالة التلميذ إلى إدارة المدرسة، توبيخ التلميذ المخالف للوائح المدرسية، إيقاف التلميذ في آخر الصف . كما اتضح أن أكثر أنواع التعزيز شيوعاً المستخدمة من قبل أولئك المعلمات – هي على الترتيب : الابتسام للتلميذ عند القيام بسلوكٍ حسن، التصفيق الجماعي للتلميذ في الفصل، عرض درجات التلميذ المرتفعة أمام زملائه في الصف، منح الدرجات للتلميذ نظير سلوكه المرغوب، منح التلميذ معززات رمزية .
القيم الروحية ودورها في قيام الحضارات وسقوطها عند بن خلدون
Authors: مراد فوزية محمد
Published: October 2019

كثرة هم المفكرون في مشارق الأرض ومغاربها ممن اهتموا بموضوع الحضارة، إلا أننا لم نعثر على شخصية فذة كالعالم العربي ابن خلدون، الذي تناول مفهوم الحضارة رابطًا إياها بمفهوم العمران، ومبينًا أسبابها، ومظاهرها، وأسباب اندثارها، وانحطاطها. وتسعى هذه الدراسة إلى إيضاح تأثير القيم الروحية في قيام الحضارة، و أفولها، فالسبب الرئيس لسقوط الدول في التاريخ القديم والحديث ليست الثورات الخارجية، ولا في الاعتداء الأجنبي، وإنما يكمن في تفتت البنية الداخلية للإنسان. فتسيطر عليه مقومات الحضارة وتتمكن منه وتتهافت القيم الروحية عنده، ويسود المرض داخل المجتمع ويتفشى الترف، والأنانية، وحب المال، والطمع، وحب الدعة، والراحة، والسكون، والوصول إلى السلطة، والملك والرياسة ؛وبالتالي تسقط الحضارة لتقوم مكانها حضارة أخرى أكثر شبابًا وحيوية من الحضارة السابقة.
وعندما تنشأ الدولة وتقوم الحضارة ينسى الإنسان عهد البداوة والخشونة، وتسقط العصبية بالجملة، وتتغير حياة الإنسان من حياة الظعن إلى حياة الاستقرار أي ينشأ ما يسمى بالعمران أو المدنية عند ابن خلدون ويتخلى الإنسان عن قيمه، وأخلاقه الروحية مقابل الحصول على الملك والرياسة وما يصحبه من دخول الترف، والفساد الذي يصاحب دخول الحضارة، كل هذا يوهن من عزيمة الدولة حتى يأتي شعب فتي فيستولى عليها؛ فالحضارة غاية العمران، وهي مؤذنة بفساده .
إذن عوامل الإفناء الخارجية تأتي مكملة للتحلل الداخلي وهي كلها تنبع من الترف الداخلي للإنسان الذي يمثل مركز التحليل عند ابن خلدون .
Cultural Preservation Policy and Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders: Reimagining Historic Preservation in Asian American and Pacific Islander Communities
Authors: Magalong Michelle , Mabalon Dawn
Published: October 2019

Historic and cultural preservation is a significant issue for Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) seeking to safeguard important historic places, preserve unique cultural practices, and receive official recognition of civic contributions. However, few sites associated with AAPI history and cultures have been recognized as landmarks. With the fiftieth anniversary of the Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the Department of the Interior and the National Park Service have embarked on an Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage Initiative to explore how the legacy of AAPIs can be recognized, preserved, and interpreted for future generations. To understand what we could be commemorating on the act’s fifieth anniversary, this essay will offer policy recommendations for preserving, landmarking, and interpreting AAPI historic and cultural sites into 2040 and beyond.
Reflections on the Formation and Future of Asian American Studies
Authors: Vo Linda
Published: October 2019

The ongoing demographic growth of the Asian American population enhances foundational support for Asian American studies; however, it also poses complex challenges for the formulation and direction of the field. Asian American studies has been shaped by transnational and regional economic and political conditions, as well as by the receptiveness and limitations of the academy, which has led to uneven disciplinary and institutional manifestations. This essay specifically analyzes what impact the transforming Asian American population has had on the formation of the field of Asian American studies and how the projected demographic growth will shape its future academic trajectory.
Suspicious People: Profiling and Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders
Authors: Singh Navdeep , Bawa Jasbir
Published: October 2019

The experience of the Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) community was defined by suspicion following the attacks on September 11, 2001. An era of national security has altered the relationship between the government, the public, and minority communities. This article explores the development of the current profiling paradigm and its impact on the AAPI community. It offers an assessment of the role the profiling paradigm will play as the AAPI community grows over the next twenty years and offers perspectives on how changing demographics can be used to address racial and religious profiling.
Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders Excel in Business but Not without Risks
Authors: Imada Bill
Published: October 2019

In recent years, data has shown that there has been significant growth in Asian American Pacific Islander-owned (AAPI) enterprises. Driven by demographic changes, related in large part to the history of immigration policy, the AAPI population has been growing, and this has been accompanied by AAPI innovators and entrepreneurs leaving greater marks on American society and the U.S. economy. This growth, however, is not without risks and threats. The legacy of being “othered” by mainstream society means that AAPI success in business and in the corporate landscape can be met with resentment and criticism. This article explores the history of AAPI entrepreneurship and current trends. It also examines the challenges that the community may continue to face and offers recommendations on how to ensure continued growth and expanded opportunities for AAPIs in business.
Serving the People in Long Beach, California: Advancing Justice for Southeast Asian Youth through Community University Research Partnerships
Authors: Patraporn R. Varisa
Published: October 2019

Khmer Girl’s in Action is a nonprofit that successfully utilizes community-based participatory research (CBPR) with university partners to create social change for youth in Long Beach, CA. Based on semi-structured interviews and content analysis of news articles, I explore the impact and sustainability of this research work and the research partnerships. Findings highlight impacts such as youth empowerment, heightened awareness around community needs, policy change, and CBPR curriculum improvements in the field as impacts. Sustainability requires integrating research into program funding, utilizing a tailored training curriculum, building on community members prior relationships, and selecting partners that share common goals, levels of commitment, and flexibility. As funders demand more data to justify community needs, understanding more examples of such work in the Asian American community will be useful for informing future partnerships.
Asian American Studies and the Fight for Worker Justice
Authors: Geron Kim , Dao Loan , Lai Tracy , Wong Kent
Published: October 2019

This essay explores higher education–labor partnerships in the contemporary era between Asian American Studies (AAS), the Asian Pacific American Labor Alliance (APALA), and AAS community partnerships. With the intensified attacks on workers, unions, and Asian American, Pacific Islander, and other communities of color, the importance of higher education and labor and community partnerships will be a valuable resource to expand critical research and participatory education. These partnerships embody the community studies’ roots of AAS. Using three case studies, this essay highlights these partnerships and concludes with a discussion of the opportunities and challenges students can experience when working in labor union spaces and recommendations for building university-labor partnerships.
Sustaining University-Community Partnerships in Indigenous Communities: Five Lessons from Papakōlea
Authors: Agres Robert , Dillard Adrienne , Enos Kamuela Joseph Nui , Kakesako Brent , Kekauoha B. Puni , Nakaoka Susan , Umemoto Karen
Published: October 2019

This resource paper draws lessons from a twenty-year partnership between the Native Hawaiian community of Papakōlea, the Hawai‘i Alliance for Community-Based Economic Development, and the Department of Urban and Regional Planning at the University of Hawai‘i. Key players and co-authors describe five principles for sustained partnerships: (1) building partnerships based upon community values with potential for long-term commitments; (2) privileging indigenous ways of knowing; (3) creating a culture of learning together as a co-learning community; (4) fostering reciprocity and compassion in nurturing relationships; and (5) utilizing empowering methodologies and capacity-building strategies.
Theorizing a Sustainable-Holistic-Interconnected-Partnership Development Model with Feminist, Activist Lenses: Best Practices from a Community-University Service-Learning Partnership in Asian American Studies
Authors: Yee Jennifer , Cheri Ashley
Published: October 2019

Mindfully engaging with one another on collaborative projects and relationship building is critical for sustaining partnerships of trust and reciprocity between community-based organizations (CBOs) and institutions of higher education. This resource paper presents the Sustainable-Holistic-Interconnected-Partnership (SHIP) Development Model based on a study theorizing the organizational evolution of the ten- year community-university service-learning partnership between the Youth Education Program of the Orange County Asian and Pacific Islander Community Alliance and the Asian American Studies Program at California State University, Fullerton. The authors conducted a self- study intersecting their lenses as feminist activists of color and their use of qualitative methods. They found that they sustained their partnership by intentionally grounding their norms and practice in the values of democracy, equity, social justice, and liberation. The SHIP model has diverse implications for community-university partnerships and the fields of Asian American studies (AAS) and service learning.
“Not in Your Backyard!”: A Community Struggle for the Rights of Immigrant Adult Education in San Francisco’s Chinatown
Authors: Wang L. Ling-chi
Published: October 2019

This article is a case study of a protracted struggle to establish a branch campus of the San Francisco Community College in Chinatown for thousands of immigrants and working-class adults, focusing mostly on the period since 1997 when the community was slowly politicized and mobilized to fight for their educational rights. Although educational researchers continue to pay close attention to Asian American fights against discriminatory admission policies among the nation’s top colleges and universities, an urgent need to pay more scholarly and political attention to the neediest, poorest, and powerless among Asian Americans clearly exists. To this segment of the Asian American population, access to community college education is a matter of acquiring tools of survival in America. The study illustrates the equal significance of race and class in understanding the development of Asian American communities, how each can be used to obfuscate or disguise the other, and how both can be easily obscured by other issues, especially “progressive” issues or organizations. Asian American community activists and scholars need to pay more attention to class and class conflict with the communities and between the communities and the mainstream society.
Asian American and Pacific Islanders Serving Institutions: The Motivations and Challenges behind Seeking a Federal Designation
Authors: Park Julie , Chang Mitchell
Published: October 2019

This article examines the development of legislation to create a federal designation for Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) serving institutions. Specifically, the article draws from interviews with nineteen policy makers, congressional staffers, and community advocates in order to address their motivations for establishing this designation and the related challenges that they encountered. Besides the complexities of ushering legislation through Congress, one of the major challenges highlighted includes the lack of political infrastructure for advocating Asian American issues related to education. Recommendations for the future sustainability of federal support for AAPI serving institutions are also discussed.
"Greasy Grinds” and “Quasi-Robots”: Rhetoric of Exclusions against Jewish and Asian American Students in American Universities
Authors: Liesemeyer Jillian
Published: October 2019

This study examines the historical comparison between exclusionary quotas against Jewish students in American universities and the recent similarities with the controversy over Asian American enrollment. Through an analysis of historical discourse from within the administration, in the public realm, and from students, parallels are seen between the two incidents. With a more complete understanding of the historical trends in exclusionary practices in universities, policymakers can recognize the current controversy with Asian American enrollment and take on the problem at the source.
MODELO DE PRONOSTICO ARIMA EN EL MONITOREO DE PARAMETROS AMBIENTALES
Authors: SOSA SANCHEZ Jose Luis , ROQUE HUAMAN Eusebio , PALOMINO ISIDRO Rubén Edgar
Published: October 2019

El presente proyecto de Investigación menciona la solución a la falta de obtener un modelo matemático que ayude a anticiparnos a sus efectos como las heladas por las noches, exceso de radiación solar al medio día característicos de las anomalías climáticas. Como parámetro ambiental, se dispone de los registros de la temperatura ambiental adquiridos de la estación de monitoreo, ubicada en la Escuela de Formación Profesional de Ingeniería Metalúrgica de la Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Cerro de Pasco. Donde al ser analizados se determina su periodicidad en el tiempo y una relación de comportamiento con su pasado, facilitando su determinación de su modelo matemático determinístico. Para la obtención del modelo de pronostico autorregresivo ARIMA, se emplea la metodología de BOX-JENKINS, cuyos procedimientos consiste en un proceso de cinco pasos para identificar, seleccionar y evaluar el modelo de media condicional por datos de series temporales univariantes, característica de los parámetros ambientales. Como antecedente del estudio, se tiene al proyecto OpenStreetMap CLIMATE-DATA.ORG. Cuyo fin es la disponibilidad de datos del monitoreo de climas a nivel mundial aplicando modelos de pronósticos ARIMA para el pronóstico del mismo ver Gráfico N°10.
UNA PROPUESTA INTERPRETATIVA A LOS ORÍGENES DE LA MULIZA
Authors: ELÍ SALAZAR DAVID
Published: October 2019

En este estudio leemos críticamente el libro La Muliza Cerreña de Dionicio Rodolfo Bernal.