bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Тромбоз сегмента реконструкції після реваскуляризації аорто/клубово-стегнового артеріального басейну
Authors: Венгер І. К. , Ковальський Д. В.
Published: August 2022

Мета роботи: встановити причини тромбозу у віддаленому післяопераційному періоді після реконструкції аорто/клубово-стегнової зони і запропонувати об’єм реваскуляризації аорто/клубово-стегнового басейну з метою їх запобігання.

Матеріали і методи. Впродовж 2006–2019 рр. операційне лікування проведено 522 хворим з атеросклеротичною оклюзією аорто/клубово-стегнової зони. У віддаленому післяопераційному періоді діагностовано 148 (28,35 %) пізніх ускладнень, з яких 47 (33,81 %) спостережень – це пізній тромбоз сегмента реконструкції.

Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Тромбоз сегмента реконструкції пізнього післяопераційного періоду корелює з прогресуванням атеросклеротичного процесу, особливо в тих сегментах артеріального русла, які не були охоплені операційним втручанням. Аналіз випадків пізнього тромбозу сегмента реконструкції встановив, що врахування рівня стенотичного процесу клубово-стегнового сегмента контрлатеральної нижньої кінцівки та визначення рівня пікової систолічної швидкості та індексу резистентності на рівні глибокої артерії стегна та тібіоперинеального стовбура може запобігти розвитку пізнього тромбозу сегмента реконструкції. Таким чином, врахування гемодинамічних умов на рівні глибокої артерії стегна, контрлатерального клубово-стегнового сегмента при проведенні аорто/клубово-стегнового алопротезування дає змогу запобігти розвитку тромбозу сегмента реконструкції.
Спонтанний пневмоторакс у хворих на нову коронавірусну хворобу SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19
Authors: Горолюк А. Ю.
Published: August 2022

З моменту оголошення ВООЗ пандемії COVID-19 (11 березня 2020 р.) основна увага при вивченні проявів цієї нової коронавірусної хвороби приділяється пневмонії та гострому респіраторному дистрес-синдрому. Тим часом при COVID-19 розвиваються також інші ураження легень, які потребують негайного хірургічного втручання. Зокрема, йдеться про розвиток “спонтанного” пневмотораксу як безпосереднього наслідку ураження легеневої тканини вірусом SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19. Наводимо наш досвід спостереження в умовах загальнохірургічного відділення, яке надавало хірургічну допомогу хворим на COVID-19 на період оголошеного карантину в умовах великого промислового міста. У даному повідомленні представлені історії хвороби чотирьох пацієнтів із “спонтанним” пневмотораксом, що виявився прямим ускладненням нової коронавірусної хвороби COVID-19. Простежено можливі причини розвитку цього ускладнення саме при пневмоніях (пневмонітах), спричинених вірусом SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 на противагу пневмоніям, спричиненим вірусами грипу та іншими, раніше вже відомими, коронавірусами.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ РОБОЧИХ ЗОШИТІВ ЯК ЗАСІБ ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ ОСВІТНЬОГО ПРОЦЕСУ НА КАФЕДРІ АНАТОМІЇ ЛЮДИНИ ЗА УМОВ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Дубина С. О. , Хапченкова Д. С. , Бондаренко С. В. , Федорова І. О.
Published: August 2022

Здійснення освітнього процесу за умов реалізації карантинних заходів під час глобальної епідемії коронавірусу, що почалася у 2020 р., актуалізувало необхідність винайдення і впровадження нових засобів та методик організації і здійснення освітнього процесу. Передусім, це стосується викладання теоретичних дисциплін, де за умов дистанційного навчання значно звужується поле можливостей для формування практичних навичок, оскільки доступ до біологічного матеріалу, муляжів, інструментарію зазвичай не є можливим або малоефективним навіть за сучасного рівня інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій. Не применшуючи значення зусиль у вирішенні завдання діджиталізації навчального матеріалу і способу його подачі та засвоєння, не слід забувати й більш традиційний інструментарій, який може за певних умов оптимізувати результати освітнього процесу. Тому метою даної роботи було окреслення переваг розробки та впровадження в навчальний процес робочих зошитів із предмета «Анатомія людини» як засобу оптимізації результатів освітнього процесу. Співробітники кафедри розробили робочі зошити з кожного розділу предмета. Структура робочого зошита надала можливість студентам чітко та лаконічно висловлювати свої думки, закріплювати отримані теоретичні знання під час розвʼязування ситуаційних задач, виконувати подані завдання з мінімальним витрачанням часу для навчання. Використання робочих зошитів як інструменту методичного забезпечення самостійної роботи здобувачів освіти за умов дистанційного навчання дозволило оптимізувати результати навчання (посилення спрямованості та структурованості самостійної роботи, додаткову візуалізацію, покращення інструментарію контролю сформованості основних практичних навичок) з урахуванням обмежень віддаленості доступу й особливих рис, яких набуває самостійна робота при дистанційному режимі.
СИСТЕМА ЦІННОСТЕЙ МОЛОДІ В КОНТЕКСТІ ОСОБИСТІСНОЇ ПАРАДИГМИ
Authors: Вихрущ А. В. , Христенко О. М.
Published: August 2022

Особливістю розвитку сучасного суспільства є неймовірна динаміка, яка не була властива десятиліттям недалекого минулого. Військові події, боротьба за утвердження демократичних цінностей, пандемія, полікультурне середовище, властиве для сучасної вищої освіти, не могли не вплинути на життєдіяльність різних вікових груп. Особливу зацікавленість викликає молодь, яка навчається в медичних університетах. Це обумовлено важливістю якісного підвищення рівня медичних послуг, зростанням значущості особистісного чинника, необхідністю моніторингу змін у системі ціннісних орієнтацій. Упродовж останніх років опубліковані численні дослідження відповідного спрямування. Водночас латентний характер проблеми, невизначеність дефініцій головних термінів, недостатнє врахування особливостей окремих спеціальностей, неврахування особливостей світу дівчат і хлопців викликають занепокоєння, не дозволяють підвищити якість управління навчально-виховним процесом, оцінити ефективність заходів. Це стосується як матеріальних, так і духовних цінностей. У процесі розвитку відбувається їх взаємодія, адже духовність, моральність визначають і ціннісні орієнтації та ієрархію матеріальних потреб.
МОДЕЛЬ ЕКЗАМЕНАЦІЙНОЇ ПЕДІАТРИЧНОЇ СТАНЦІЇ «ПОЧАТКОВА ТА РЕАНІМАЦІЙНА ДОПОМОГА НОВОНАРОДЖЕНІЙ ДИТИНІ» ЯК КОМПОНЕНТИ ОБ’ЄКТИВНОГО СТРУКТУРОВАНОГО ПРАКТИЧНОГО (КЛІНІЧНОГО) ІСПИТУ ЗДОБУВАЧІВ СТУПЕНЯ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ МАГІСТР ЗА СПЕЦІАЛЬНІСТЮ 222 «МЕДИЦИНА» ГАЛУЗІ
Authors: Волосовець О. П. , Кривопустов С. П. , Починок Т. В. , Логінова І. О. , Шевцова Т. І. , Слюсар Н. А. , Корх Л. М.
Published: August 2022

Народжуваність в Україні має стійку тенденцію до зниження, водночас спостерігається зростання частоти захворювань новонароджених, що спричиняють інвалідизацію дітей, а малюкова смертність, головною причиною якої є перинатальна патологія, залишається на рівні, що значною мірою перевищує показники більшості європейських країн. Саме тому майстерне володіння майбутніми лікарями компетенціями відповідно до сучасних вимог надавати початкову та реанімаційну допомогу новонародженим, що сприяє зниженню неонатальної смертності та покращенню прогнозу щодо подальшого розвитку дитини, на сьогодні є нагальною потребою часу.

Мета статті – розробити оптимальну модель екзаменаційної педіатричної станції «Початкова та реанімаційна допомога новонародженій дитині» як компоненти об’єктивного структурованого практичного (клінічного) іспиту здобувачів ступеня вищої освіти магістр за спеціальністю 222 «Медицина» галузі знань 22 «Охорона здоров’я».

Для якісної перевірки рівня сформованості компетенцій, засвоєних на педіатричних кафедрах впродовж навчання, на кафедрі педіатрії № 2 Національного медичного університету імені О. О. Богомольця, як опорної, була проведена робота щодо визначення шляхів оптимізації підготовки студентів та організації проведення ОСКІ-2.

Представлено паспорт екзаменаційної педіатричної станції «Початкова та реанімаційна допомога новонародженій дитині».

Екзаменаційна педіатрична станція «Початкова та реанімаційна допомога новонародженій дитині», як компонента об’єктивного структурованого практичного (клінічного) іспиту здобувачів ступеня вищої освіти магістр за спеціальністю 222 «Медицина» галузі знань 22 «Охорона здоров’я», є сучасною формою ефективного контролю компетенцій майбутніх лікарів.
Associations of Life’s Simple 7 With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Authors: Liu Dandan , Cai Xueli , Yang Yingying , Wang Suying , Yao Dongxiao , Mei Lerong , Jing Jing , Li Shan , Yan Hongyi , Meng Xia , Li Hao , Wei Tiemin , Wang Yongjun , Pan Yuesong , Wang Yilong
Published: August 2022

Background:

The purpose of this study is to examine the associations of Life’s Simple 7 (LS7) with risks of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and its magnetic resonance imaging markers.

Methods:

Community-dwelling residents in Lishui city in China from the cross-sectional survey of the PRECISE study (Polyvascular Evaluation for Cognitive Impairment and Vascular Events) were included in this study from 2017 to 2019. LS7 was analyzed as the total score, medical score (derived from the 3 metrics based on medical history and testing), and behavioral score (based on 4 metrics based on behaviors), and categorized as poor, intermediate, or ideal. A CSVD score or a modified CSVD score was derived from 4 magnetic resonance imaging markers (lacunes, microbleeds, perivascular spaces, and white matter hyperintensity) at baseline. Binary logistic regression or ordinal logistic regression model was used to estimate the relationship of LS7 scores with CSVD and magnetic resonance imaging markers.

Results:

A total of 3061 participants were included in this study. Compared with poor total LS7 score, ideal LS7 total score was associated with reduced adjusted odds of higher CSVD score (common odds ratio [cOR], 0.73 [95% CI, 0.58–0.90]) and higher modified CSVD score (cOR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.64–0.95]). Compared with poor LS7 medical score, ideal LS7 medical score was associated with reduced adjusted odds of higher CSVD score (cOR, 0.65 [95% CI, 0.53–0.80]) and higher modified CSVD score (cOR, 0.67 [95% CI, 0.56–0.81]). Higher total LS7 score and LS7 medical score were associated with a lower risk of white matter hyperintensities and lacunes. Higher LS7 behavioral score was associated with lower risk of lacunes.

Conclusions:

Ideal LS7 score, indicating excellent cardiovascular health, was associated with lower total CSVD burden. Optimizing the risk factors captured by LS7 may reduce the progression of CSVD.
Types of species of Ectinogonia (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) described by Antonio Cobos Sánchez deposited in the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid
Authors: PINEDA CRISTIAN , PARÍS MERCEDES
Published: August 2022

The type specimens and specimens labelled as types of unavailable names of the genus Ectinogonia Spinola, 1837 deposited in the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), Madrid (Spain) are catalogued and illustrated. Thirteen type or possible type specimens of five different taxa were found, including the holotype of the subspecies originally described as Ectinogonia (Ectinogonia) melichari rufimarginata Cobos, 1969 (now E. (Kheiliella) melichari rufimarginata).
Influence of Intermittent Fasting During Ramadan on Circadian Variation of Symptom-Onset and Prehospital Time Delay in Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Aydin Ertan , Aydin Selahattin , Gül Murat , Yetim Mücahit , Demir Mevlüt , Özkan Can , Karakurt Mustafa , Burak Cengiz , Bayraktar Muhammed Fatih , Temizer Orkun , Erbay İlke , Muştu Mehmet , Karagöz Ahmet , Rencüzoğulları İbrahim , Şen Taner , Özeke Özcan , Topaloğlu Serkan , Aras Dursun , Tanboğa Halil İbrahim
Published: August 2022

Ramadan interferes with circadian rhythms mainly by disturbing the routine patterns of feeding and smoking. The objective of this study was to investigate the circadian pattern of ST elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) during the month of Ramadan. We studied consecutive STEMI patients 1 month before and after Ramadan (non-Ramadan group-NRG) and during Ramadan (Ramadan group-RG). The RG group was also divided into two groups, based on whether they chose to fast: fasting (FG) and non-fasting group (NFG). The time of STEMI onset was compared. A total of 742 consecutive STEMI patients were classified into 4 groups by 6 h intervals according to time-of-day at symptom onset. No consistent circadian variation in the onset of STEMI was observed both between the RG ( P = .938) and NRG ( P = .766) or between the FG ( P = .232) and NFG ( P = .523). When analyzed for subgroups of the study sample, neither smoking nor diabetes showed circadian rhythm. There was a trend towards a delay from symptom onset to hospital presentation, particularly at evening hours in the RG compared with the control group. In conclusion, there was no significant difference in STEMI onset time, but the time from symptom onset to hospital admission was significantly delayed during Ramadan.
SEL in Context: School Mobility and Social-Emotional Learning Trajectories in a Low-Income, Urban School District
Authors: Hoskins Jessica E. Schnittka , Schweig Jonathan D.
Published: August 2022

Social-emotional competencies (SECs) stand to benefit children in a myriad of ways. However, school-based social-emotional learning (SEL) programs are often ineffective in low-income, urban school districts, calling into question whether they adequately address student needs. The present study investigated whether and how one source of stress more common in these communities—school mobility—impacted SEL for predominantly African American students living in a low-income, urban district. Using a series of multi-level growth models, we found that school mobility was only detrimental (on average) under certain circumstances—for example, when students moved to schools with worse relative levels of school safety. These findings suggest that SEL programs should address school climate and safety in addition to individual-level competencies.
The development of input-monitoring system on biofuel economics and social welfare analysis
Authors: Kung Chih-Chun , Zheng Binbo , Li Hailing , Kung Shan-Shan
Published: August 2022

Biofuel production relies on stable supply of biomass which would be significantly influenced by climate-induced impacts. Since the actual agricultural outputs are relatively unpredictable in the face of uncertain environmental conditions and can only be realized in the harvest season, providing useful information regarding the stability of biomass supply to the downstream biofuel industry is crucial. This study firstly illustrates a theoretical framework to explore the resultant market equilibrium and optimal conditions of agricultural and bioenergy production in the face of highly uncertain environmental risks and then employs a two-stage stochastic programming model to investigate the optimal biofuel development and associated economic and environmental effects. The results show that total welfare may not always increase because the loss of other agricultural commodities induced by climate impacts may be greater than the gains received by biofuel production and emission reduction. This study provides insights into the area where artificial intelligence monitoring system can be implemented to analyze the input data associated with agricultural activities and help the biofuel industry to improve its production possibilities.
Popularity Goals and Bullying Behaviors Among Chinese Adolescents: The Moderating Roles of Popularity Status and Cognitive Empathy
Authors: Tong Wei , Yang Lihong , Liu Simeng , Feng Tingting , Jia Jichao , Zhang Yuchi
Published: August 2022

Bullying is a goal-directed behavior that has long been in the spotlight of worldwide school mental health programs and research. However, the role of popularity goals in bullying and its potential mechanisms are unclear for adolescents in a non-Western cultural context. Based on 333 Chinese adolescents (52% female), the current study was the first to explore the potential moderating roles of popularity status and cognitive empathy in the association between popularity goals and early Chinese adolescents’ bullying behaviors. Moderated moderation analyses indicated that popularity status and cognitive empathy significantly moderated the positive relationship between popularity goals and Chinese adolescents’ bullying behaviors. Specifically, the statistically significant three-way interaction revealed that low popularity status and low cognitive empathy strengthen the positive links between popularity goals and bullying. The significant two-way interaction showed that the positive relations between popularity goals and bullying were stronger for low popularity among Chinese adolescents.
Book review: Markus Schleiter and Erik de Maaker, eds. 2020. Media, Indigeneity and Nation in South Asia
Authors: Bhargava Rashi
Published: August 2022

Markus Schleiter and Erik de Maaker, eds. 2020. Media, Indigeneity and Nation in South Asia. London and New York: Routledge. xvi + 281 pp. Notes, figures, references, index. £120.00 (hardback)
Book review: Usha Sanyal. 2020. Scholars of Faith: South Asian Muslim Women and the Embodiment of Religious Knowledge
Authors: Halder Epsita
Published: August 2022

Usha Sanyal. 2020. Scholars of Faith: South Asian Muslim Women and the Embodiment of Religious Knowledge. New Delhi: Oxford University Press. xiv + 395 pp. Figures, tables, glossary, bibliography, index. ₹1495 (hardback)
III: Three years into the pandemic: What changed in Delhi’s electronic bazaars
Authors: Deka Maitrayee
Published: August 2022

The initial impressions from Delhi’s Lajpat Rai Market, Palika Bazaar and Nehru Place have been that they integrated into the digital economy as suppliers and service providers to e-commerce platforms during COVID times. The increasing use of digital payments to boost online sales, including social media marketing on Facebook and YouTube, has also brought many of them inside a banking system. As a result, physical bazaars are now less about informal face-to-face commerce and operate more as repair hubs and ancillaries to a platform economy.
Development of Medication Administration Protocols for In-Home Pediatric Feeding Cases
Authors: Taylor Tessa
Published: August 2022

Medication administration can be a significant issue in pediatric populations, and especially with patients with developmental disabilities and comorbid feeding disorders. Research has focused largely on consumption of solids rather than medication and liquids in pediatric feeding programs, with most studies being conducted within specialized hospital settings in the United States. No studies to our knowledge have detailed treatment evaluations for medication administration in pediatric feeding except for a few studies on pill swallowing. We report results of treatment protocols for medication administration using empirically-supported treatments in a short-term intensive home-based behavior-analytic program in Australia. Two males with autism spectrum and pediatric feeding disorders participated. We used a multiple baseline single-case experimental design for medication administration conducted concurrently with a treatment evaluation for solid foods. Consumption increased in number (9; supplements, laxatives, pain relievers), flavors (8; chocolate, blackcurrent and apple, strawberry, lemon-lime, orange, chocolate-vanilla, cherry, apple), forms (4; thin and thick liquids, chewables, gummies), and delivery methods (5; finger-fed, spoon, cup, medicine spoon, medicine cup) within the first treatment session. For one participant, we taught open cup drinking for a variety of liquids (milk, juices, medications). For both participants, we taught self-feeding with utensils for thick liquid medications. Treatment results were similar for solids and participants increased food variety to over 160 across food groups. All goals were met including training parents to maintain gains at home.
Prediction from early childhood vocabulary to academic achievement at the end of compulsory schooling in Denmark
Authors: Dale Philip S. , Paul Alexander , Rosholm Michael , Bleses Dorthe
Published: August 2022

Prediction from early development to later achievement has the potential to improve clinical and educational service delivery as well as to inform developmental theory. In this longitudinal study, we asked how well can educational achievement measured in the final year (Grade 9, age 15) of compulsory education—both overall and for outcomes in the lowest 20%—be predicted from information available in the first 3 years of life, particularly early expressive vocabulary? Measures for 2,767 children (1,345 males, 1,422 females) aged 16 to 30 months on early expressive vocabulary, along with family socioeconomic status (parental education, occupation, and household income), other demographic information (gender, birth order, parental age, social benefits, etc.), timing and nature of early child care, and early home literacy experience, were used to predict performance on Danish Upper Secondary School Leaving Exam (USSLE) in Danish, English, Math, and Science. A cross-validated combination of Lasso (Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) and ordinary least squares regression was the primary analysis for continuous outcomes and cross-validated Lasso and logistic regression for categorical outcomes. With respect to continuous outcome measures, the patterns of prediction varied with specific domain; R2 ranged from 9.4% to 21.4%. With respect to low USSLE performance, area under the curve statistics ranged from 64.1% to 72.2%. In all domains, early childhood expressive vocabulary made a significant unique contribution to the outcome when measured over the full range. The prediction was also significant for vocabulary to low Danish and English scores although not for Math and Science. Although the predictions were not strong enough for clinical diagnosis on their own, they demonstrate that low early vocabulary is an important and measurable risk condition that can direct early intervention and thus contribute to later educational attainment.
Optimism, relationship quality, and problem solving discussions: A daily diary study
Authors: Leahy Katelin E , Kashy Deborah A , Donnellan M Brent , Oh Jeewon , Hardy Kimberly K
Published: August 2022

Problem solving is a necessary part of all successful relationships. The current study examined how naturally occurring day-to-day problem solving discussions were related to daily reports of relationship quality. In addition, we investigated whether optimism was associated with the nature and occurrence of these problems and moderated the association between problem solving discussions and relationship quality. Multilevel modeling was applied to data from 112 couples who completed daily diaries over 14 days ( M age = 28.2, 95.5% heterosexual, 66.5% White). Relationship quality was higher on days when couples did not report a problem discussion, when couples reported at least somewhat solving the problem they discussed, and when the problem discussion did not involve conflict. More optimistic individuals and individuals with more optimistic partners were more likely to resolve problems, less likely to discuss problems specifically about their relationship, and less likely to have problem discussions involving conflict on days when problem discussions occurred. Individuals with partners who were high in optimism reported relatively high relationship quality regardless of whether a problem discussion occurred, whereas those with partners low in optimism reported significantly lower quality on days when such a discussion took place.
Seasonality as value(s) in organic farming: On the conflict on heating greenhouses in France
Authors: Blancaneaux Romain
Published: August 2022

This article deals with the notion of season, and illustrates an existing conflict, within organic agriculture, between symbolic and economic values. It takes the case of a polemic on the use of heating systems in greenhouse organic farming for tomato production. It asks and demonstrates how the organizations in and of market frame different seasonalities, either placing respect (symbolic value) for seasonality over economics, or vice versa. It identifies critical junctures that shaped the division in organic agriculture toward differing conception of seasonality, which oscillates between market logics in which its distinctiveness is (de)valued, symbolically and economically diminished or reasserted.
The blockchain challenge for Sweden's housing and mortgage markets
Authors: Proskurovska Anetta , Dörry Sabine
Published: August 2022

This paper investigates how blockchain technology may alter the defining mechanisms of residential real estate transactions in Sweden. It departs from the assumption that blockchain applications do not merely change complex socio-economic, organisational and governance arrangements of mature housing and mortgage markets. Rather, they may trigger resistance among incumbents in the current organisational model, which will drive incremental change. This analysis shows that housing transactions in Sweden are long and complex endeavours, underpinned by exclusivity, uncertainty and information inequalities. A public-private consortium led by Lantmäteriet – a Swedish government agency – has pioneered the use of blockchain technology for the conveyance of a house to address these deficiencies. This project has not moved beyond the proof-of-concept phase, while the socio-technical organisation of transactions has evolved. Insights from institutional and evolutionary approaches help conceptualise how technologically induced and qualitatively different structures and functional effects may change the way housing and mortgage markets will work, thereby highlighting both disruptive potentialities and limitations of blockchain applications for the legacy design underpinning the current Swedish housing transaction system. Following a forensic empirical approach, this paper dissects the organisational architecture, key practices and the linked network of actor groups running Sweden's property and mortgage markets. Results illustrate that understanding concrete blockchain-induced changes and their unintended consequences requires closer scholarly attention at the scale of actor networks, the types of knowledge and technologies, and the micro-geographies in which they are embedded. Such in-depth understanding enables better-informed assessments of the blockchain challenge for complex housing and mortgage markets.
Association of Cam Deformity on Anteroposterior Pelvic Radiographs and More Severe Chondral Damage in Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome
Authors: Rogers Miranda J. , Sato Eleanor H. , LaBelle Mark W. , Ou Zhining , Presson Angela P. , Maak Travis G.
Published: August 2022

Background:

Abnormal proximal femoral morphology in femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) identifiable on the anteroposterior (AP) pelvic radiograph has been described as the “pistol grip” deformity. The effect of a superior cam deformity identified on this radiographic view remains unknown.

Purposes:

To assess the relationship between AP cam deformity (AP alpha angle [AP AA] >55°) and cartilage injury; to assess the relationship between AP cam deformity and labral injury; and to determine if patient factors are correlated with cartilage and labral injury.

Study Design:

Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Patients undergoing osteochondroplasty and labral repair for FAIS with a single surgeon were identified retrospectively. Intraoperative size, location, and severity of cartilage and labral damage were prospectively collected. Chondrolabral and femoral/acetabular cartilage damage were graded with the Beck labral and cartilage injury criteria. Radiographic data included the AP AA, lateral center-edge angle (LCEA), and maximum femoral alpha angle (MF AA). Patients with hip dysplasia (LCEA <18°; LCEA 18°-25° with acetabular index >10°) were excluded. Outcomes were compared across cartilage and labral severity grades. We report odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals and P values from multivariable logistic regressions.

Results:

Of the 158 included hips (154 patients), 69% were female and the mean (± standard deviation [SD]) age was 30.3 ± 9.7 years. Increase in age, increase in body mass index (BMI), and male sex were associated with increasing severity of cartilage and labral injury. More severe cartilage damage was associated with increasing AP AA ( P < .001) and MF AA ( P < .001). The odds of developing a higher category of cartilage injury severity (grade ≥3) were 119% higher (OR, 2.19 [95% CI, 1.36-3.64]; P = .002) for every SD increase (16.7°) in AP AA, adjusting for age, sex, and BMI. The odds of developing a severe labral injury (grade ≥3) were 118% higher (OR, 2.18 [95% CI 1.17-4.32]; P = .018) for every SD increase (10.5°) in MF AA, adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and AP AA.

Conclusion:

Increasing age and BMI, and male sex are associated with increasing severity of cartilage and labral injury in FAIS. The odds of developing a cartilage injury are significantly higher with independent increases in AP AA and MF AA.
The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) Task Force Report: Serotonergic Psychedelic Treatments for Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Rosenblat Joshua D. , Husain M. Ishrat , Lee Yena , McIntyre Roger S. , Mansur Rodrigo B. , Castle David , Offman Hilary , Parikh Sagar V. , Frey Benicio N. , Schaffer Ayal , Greenway Kyle T. , Garel Nicolas , Beaulieu Serge , Kennedy Sidney H. , Lam Raymond W. , Milev Roumen , Ravindran Arun V. , Tourjman Valerie , Ameringen Michael Van , Yatham Lakshmi N. , Taylor Valerie
Published: August 2022

Objective

Serotonergic psychedelics are re-emerging as potential novel treatments for several psychiatric disorders including major depressive disorder. The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) convened a task force to review the evidence and provide a consensus recommendation for the clinical use of psychedelic treatments for major depressive disorder.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted to identify contemporary clinical trials of serotonergic psychedelics for the treatment of major depressive disorder and cancer-related depression. Studies published between January 1990 and July 2021 were identified using combinations of search terms, inspection of bibliographies and review of other psychedelic reviews and consensus statements. The levels of evidence for efficacy were graded according to the Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments criteria.

Results

Only psilocybin and ayahuasca have contemporary clinical trials evaluating antidepressant effects. Two pilot studies showed preliminary positive effects of single-dose ayahuasca for treatment-resistant depression (Level 3 evidence). Small randomized controlled trials of psilocybin combined with psychotherapy showed superiority to waitlist controls and comparable efficacy and safety to an active comparator (escitalopram with supportive psychotherapy) in major depressive disorder, with additional randomized controlled trials showing efficacy specifically in cancer-related depression (Level 3 evidence). There was only one open-label trial of psilocybin in treatment-resistant unipolar depression (Level 4 evidence). Small sample sizes and functional unblinding were major limitations in all studies. Adverse events associated with psychedelics, including psychological (e.g., psychotomimetic effects) and physical (e.g., nausea, emesis and headaches) effects, were generally transient.

Conclusions

There is currently only low-level evidence to support the efficacy and safety of psychedelics for major depressive disorder. In Canada, as of 2022, psilocybin remains an experimental option that is only available through clinical trials or the special access program. As such, Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments considers psilocybin an experimental treatment and recommends its use primarily within clinical trials, or, less commonly, through the special access program in rare, special circumstances.
Opening the ‘black box’: Organisational Adaptation and Resistance to institutional isomorphism in a prime-led employment services programme
Authors: Rees James , Taylor Rebecca , Damm Chris
Published: August 2022

The UK’s Work Programme (2012-18) was a major employment services programme, inspired by new public management principles. A relatively small number of directly commissioned ‘prime providers’ were paid by the central Government largely according to the number of job-outcomes their service users achieved but were given a ‘black box’ to design their own services and subcontracting arrangements. Drawing on an empirical study of subcontracted service providers, and focusing on those from the third sector, the paper shows that within this prime-led commissioning model, subcontractors came under sustained pressure to adjust their operational practices. We draw on institutional isomorphism to show that isomorphic pressures were experienced because of both the design and implementation of the Work Programme. Although there were strong pressures pushing towards convergence, however, the different starting positions of subcontractors meant that these changes were not entirely deterministic and some attempts at resistance were observed amongst third sector providers. Their diverse institutional contexts, including positioning and wider interest in the field, shaped how they navigated and responded to isomorphic pressures, ultimately mitigating homogenisation. The paper contributes a more sophisticated understanding of the ways in which provider organisations experience, interpret and respond to structural pressures within an evolving quasi-market. The findings have implications for public service reform programmes featuring quasi-markets that are intended to encourage innovation and a diversity of provision, particularly when promoting mission-led, third sector organisations (TSOs).
Advances in thermal contact resistance studies
Authors: Murwamadala Rabelani Dennis , Veeredhi Vasudeva Rao
Published: August 2022

The demand for accurate Thermal Contact Resistance analysis and prediction continues to increase with the advancement of technology. In applications such as manufacturing, it is beneficial to understand the Thermal Contact resistance between the workpiece and tool, or between the tool and debris or shavings to accurately predict the tool wear rate. It is essential to understand and analyze this parameter in aerospace, nuclear power generation, supercar braking systems, and similar applications where close tolerances are used. The continued technological advancements indicate further opportunities for research in Thermal Contact Resistance. This article surveys and summarizes industrial applications’ as well as experimental and theoretical studies. In addition recent advances in both experimental methods and predictive studies are also comprehensively summarized and highlight the trends and future needs of studies in Thermal Contact Resistance, these included recent advances in transient and steady state experimental methods. There is a clear need for optimization, versatility, and economical improvement of these methods. Moreover, the rise in advanced metrological technologies, instrumentation, and thermal measurement systems.
Investigation of the scanning strategy on the microstructure and tensile property of Ti6Al4V alloy fabricated by selective laser melting
Authors: Shi Wentian , Han Yufan , Li Jihang , Liu Yude , Zhou Yusheng , Lin Yuxiang
Published: August 2022

The tensile properties and microstructure of Ti6Al4V titanium (TC4) alloy specimens fabricated by SLM under five scanning strategies were studied. They are the bidirectional scanning with a 67° rotation (R-scan) strategy, bidirectional scanning along with x-axis (X-scan) strategy, bidirectional scanning along with y-axis (Y-scan) strategy, bidirectional scanning with a 90° rotation in each layer (XY-scan) strategy, and the filled scanning strategy with homocentric squares (H-scan) strategy. Through the tensile experiments of specimens fabricated by different scanning strategies, it is found that the fabricated specimens by the XY-scan strategy show the best tensile properties. Compared with the R-scan strategy, the maximum tensile strength of the specimens prepared by the XY-scan strategy increased by 17.3%, and the maximum tensile strength reached 919.55 MPa. The tensile experiment of the fabricated specimens by the angle offset XY-scan strategy shows that the tensile property is the best when the offset angle is 45°. Compared with the XY scanning strategy, the maximum tensile strength of the specimens prepared by the angle-shifted XY scanning strategy was increased by 46.1%, and the maximum tensile strength reached 1343.27 MPa. The fracture surfaces of the specimens are mainly composed of cleavage cracks and dimple cracks. The tensile properties are the worst when the fracture cracks are mainly cleavage cracks and the tensile properties are the best when the cracks are mainly dimple cracks. When the α′-phase direction of acicular martensite inside and outside the β-phase of columnar crystal is parallel to the tensile direction, the tensile properties of specimens are improved. When the secondary α′-phase direction is parallel to the tensile direction, the tensile property is further improved.
A study of the influence of heterogeneous friction coefficient and heterogeneous contact stiffness on the generation of squeal
Authors: Li Wenbo , Zhang Lijun , Zhang Cunman , Meng Dejian , He Pengfei
Published: August 2022

Friction and contact characteristics play important roles in brake squeal generation, while their heterogeneous characteristics are often neglected. In this paper, a flexible pin-on-disc system model is established. Squeal bench test is carried out to verify the correctness of the model. Random heterogeneous friction coefficients and contact stiffnesses are built and assigned to the model. Evaluation indexes of friction and contact heterogeneities are established. The unstable region and the squeal uncertainty are analyzed. Then, the influence of the heterogeneous friction and contact characteristics on generation of brake squeal is explored based on statistical method and uncertainty concept in the unstable region and the mix region respectively. The results show that when only friction coefficient is heterogeneous, the radius of the center position of friction coefficient is the key influencing factor of brake squeal; when only contact stiffness is heterogeneous, the radius of the center position of contact stiffness is the key influencing factor of brake squeal; when friction coefficient and contact stiffness are both heterogeneous, the mean value of the product of friction coefficient and contact stiffness and the radius of the center position of friction coefficient play critical roles on friction squeal. Besides, squeal tends to occur when the mean value of the product of heterogeneous friction coefficient and contact stiffness and the radius of the center position of friction coefficient are large.
Load spectrum compilation for vehicle road simulation test by applying a new time domain threshold editing method
Authors: Yu Jiawei , Zhao Lihui , Ma Jianjun , Zheng Songlin , Yu Hao
Published: August 2022

Vehicle road simulation test can simulate random service load spectrum fairly well in laboratory, and is currently a preferable way to fast verify vehicle fatigue properties. Applying a reasonable load spectrum editing technique is a crucial way to accelerate the test and reduce testing time and costs. The present study deals with the generation of test load spectrum for vehicle road simulation test by applying a load spectrum two-dimension time-domain-threshold editing method (STTE) to delete useless load-time segments with negligible fatigue damage to vehicle components. Additionally, a method of load spectrum connection by applying window function was proposed to smoothly connect retained load-time segments when the useless segments were deleted. Taking a vehicle four-post bench test as an example, the process of load spectra generation was discussed in detail. The generated accelerated spectra were reduced to 33% in length relative to the original spectra. The accelerated spectra showed good consistency with the original spectra in terms of amplitude and frequency characteristics. Finally, the accelerated spectra were applied as target spectra to conduct four-post bench test, and good load spectra simulation effect was realized. Therefore, the accelerated spectra can be served as a substitute of the original spectra to conduct the test. To conclude, the proposed load spectra generation methods are suggested as an alternative technique in automotive fatigue data editing.
Epidemiology of HIV-associated peripheral neuropathy in people living with human immunodeficiency virus infection in Greece
Authors: Nikolaidis Ioannis , Karakasi Maria-Valeria , Bakirtzis Christos , Skoura Lemonia , Pilalas Dimitrios , Boziki Marina-Kleopatra , Tsachouridou Olga , Voultsos Polychronis , Nikolaidis Pavlos , Gargalianos-Kakoliris Panagiotis , Daniilidis Michail , Grigoriadis Nikolaos , Metallidis Symeon , Taskos Nikolaos
Published: August 2022

Background

Peripheral neuropathy is among the most common complications among people with HIV with prevalence rates varying widely among studies (10–58%).

Objective

This study aims to assess the prevalence of HIV-associated peripheral neuropathy among HIV-positive people in Northern Greece monitored during the last 5-year period and investigate possible correlations with antiretroviral therapy, disease staging, and potential risk factors, as there is no prior epidemiological record in Greek patients.

Methods

Four hundred twenty patients were divided into a group with peripheral neuropathy ( n = 269), and those without ( n = 151). Peripheral neuropathy was assessed with a validated Peripheral Neuropathy Screening tool. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS, were two-tailed, and p-value was set at 0.05.

Results

The incidence of peripheral neuropathy was estimated at 35.9%. Age was found to correlate with higher odds of developing HIV-peripheral neuropathy, rising by 4%/year. Females encountered 77% higher probability to develop peripheral neuropathy. Stage 3 of the disease associated with higher occurrence of peripheral neuropathy (96% as compared to stage-1 patients). Among patients with peripheral neuropathy, the duration of antiretroviral therapy was found to be longer than in those without.

Conclusions

Peripheral neuropathy remains one of the most common complications regardless of the antiretroviral-therapy type, indicating the involvement of other risk factors in its occurrence, such as the stage of the disease, age and gender. Therefore, the treating physician should screen patients as early and frequently as possible upon HIV-diagnosis to prevent the progression of this debilitating condition so that prolonged life-expectancy is accompanied by a good quality of life.
At the Heart of Trust: Understanding the Integral Relationship Between Emotion and Trust
Authors: Lee Jonathan I. , Dirks Kurt T. , Campagna Rachel L.
Published: August 2022

Trust and emotion have been among the most influential and frequently studied constructs in organizational behavior over the last two decades. Although emotion would seem to be integral to interpersonal trust, it has played a minor part in the literature. This article is intended to advance understanding of emotion’s role in shaping trust judgments to help bring this concept into the central conversation on trust within organizations. Our paper begins with a review of existing research to help understand how emotion fits within the nomological network of trust and to identify some of the key insights from empirical research. The review suggests emotion impacts trust in two fundamentally different ways, based on independent streams of research, by how it is experienced as a trustor and expressed by the trustee. We provide a conceptual model that integrates these different perspectives as well as brings in key ideas which are absent from research on organizational trust: (a) using a validated and more sophisticated model of trust and trustworthiness will add greater insight into how emotion impacts trust, (b) experienced and expressed emotions jointly and interactively affect trust, (c) trust and emotion operate at multiple levels of analysis, including dyadic and network, and (d) trust and emotion change over time as a function of each other. We conclude that there is much opportunity for future research on trust and emotion, and suggest future directions.
Platelet-Rich Plasma vs Autologous Blood Injection to Treat Plantar Fasciitis: A Prospective Randomized, Double-Blinded, Controlled Trial
Authors: Bildik Celaleddin , Kaya Ozcan
Published: August 2022

Background:

Plantar fasciitis (PF) is the most common cause of heel pain. Previous work has shown promising results regarding platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections for the treatment of PF. The aim of this study is to prospectively compare the efficacy of PRP and autologous blood injections in a randomized anonymized patient group to treat PF.

Methods:

PF patients who failed at least 6 weeks of noninvasive conservative treatment aged between 40 and 65 years were recruited to be in the study. Patients were randomly assigned into group A (PRP) or group B (autologous blood). Injections were performed under ultrasonographic guidance in a double-anonymized manner. The groups were compared according to preinjection and postinjection health-related quality of life (HRQoL) scores measured with Foot and Ankle Disability Index (FADI) and visual analog scale (VAS). Intragroup comparative analysis was also performed at different time points. Independent t tests and repeated measures analyses of variance were used for statistical analysis, with P <.05 set for statistical significance.

Results:

Group A (PRP) included 30 (19 female, 11 male) patients with mean age 52.2 ±6.3; group B (ABI) included 30 (20 female, 10 male) patients with mean age 52.7 ± 6.5. Both groups had similar body mass index ( P = .719). No injection-related complications were recorded. After treatment, both groups had improved FADI and VAS scores compared to the baseline. Although the mean HRQoL scores were higher in the PRP group, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups ( PVAS = .589; PFADI = .742).

Conclusion:

Participants with plantar fasciitis improved statistically significantly after either PRP or ABI injections compared with baseline HRQoL scores, with no significant differences seen between the groups.

Level of Evidence:

Level I, prospective randomized double-anonymized clinical comparative study.
Encounter glaucoma decision Aid trial
Authors: Alwazae Manal , Alhumud Atheer , Aldarrab Abdulrahman , Hemid Abdullah Bin , AlHassan Razan Abu , AlAdel Fadwa , Aljasim Leyla , Owaidha Ohoud
Published: August 2022

Purpose

A decision aid facilitates patient engagement in the decision-making process in ophthalmic practice. In particular, patients with open-angle glaucoma will benefit from such an intervention as it enhances their knowledge, compliance, and satisfaction with the healthcare services.

Methods

The Encounter Glaucoma Decision Aid (GDA) was delivered to 145 patients with open-angle glaucoma at the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital. Evaluation was done using a pre-validated, semi-structured questionnaire. We compared the patients’ knowledge, compliance, and decision conflict scale at baseline, before receiving Encounter GDA, and again three months later.

Results

The average age of the participants was 56.82 years. Most of the participants were male (67.6%). The mean duration since the participants were diagnosed with glaucoma was 9.39 years. After using Encounter GDA, 80% of participants had a statistically significant improvement in their level of knowledge, moving from poor to good (P = 0.001). There was also a statistically significant increase in adherence to medication, from 41.4% to 65.5% (P = 0.001). The decision conflict score decreased significantly after using Encounter GDA (before it was 60.94 ± 21.60 vs. after 19.18 ± 17.83).

Conclusion

Using GDA cards as an educational measure has a significant effect on improving patient's knowledge and adherence to medications.