bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDIES ON URINARY INFECTIONS IN DIABETICS
Authors: Vejlsgaard René
Published: August 2010

AbstractOn the basis of two consecutive urine cultures, in which the criterion for the presence of significant bacteriuria was > 105colonies/ml urine of the same microorganisms, the relationships have been examined between bacteriuria and various obstetrical data in 132 pregnant diabetics. The findings were as follows. 1) There is no correlation between significant bacteriuria and the number of completed pregnancies and previous deliveries. 2) No relationship is found between complications during previous pregnancies, and significant bacteriuria during the current pregnancy. 3) Frequent cases of insulin shock were demonstrated in patients with significant bacteriuria, which occurred most frequently in White's groups D and F. Correspondingly, severe acidosis was present in patients with bacteriuria more frequently than in patients without bacteriuria. 4) Out of 23 patients with proteinuria, 10 out of 19 (55%) also had significant bacteriuria. All these patients were in White's groups D and F. Of the patients in White's groups D and F 57% had at the same time significant bacteriuria and a pronounced rise of BP in connection with delivery. 5) Significant bacteriuria occurred much more frequently in patients delivered 10 weeks prior to estimated term than in other patients. However, the difference was not significant. 6) Out of 24 patients with significant bacteriuria, 10 went into spontaneous unexpected labour. In White's groups D and F the incidence of bacteriuria was 53% among those going into spontaneous, unexpected labour, compared to a figure of 23% among the other patients. The difference is not statistically significant. 7) Perinatal death appears to be more frequent among infants of mothers with significant bacteriuria. 8) The material included 19 cases of malformations. Only one out of 24 mothers with bacteriuria gave birth to an infant with malformations. 9) It is concluded that the problem associated with the question of bacteriuria in pregnant diabetics is still not elucidated, but is a significant one. As the number of variables is great, an international, multicentre investigation would appear desirable.
A NEW HEMODIALYSIS CONSOLE
Authors: Dawids Steen Gamwell , Boe Christian , Andreasen Mogens Myrup
Published: August 2010

Abstract A general description of a new single‐patient hemodialysis console is given. The present model, which is designed for centre dialysis, is constructed to ensure a high degree of safety in the dialysis procedure and several consoles can be combined to form an integrated warning system, which should allow a reduction in staff. Serious events in the procedure cause automatic interruption of dialysis. The console can be sterilized by heat and by chemicals. Leakage of blood into the blood pressure gauge is prevented by the use of disposable hermetic blood pressure transducers. Individual functions of the console are manufactured as separate modules, which can easily be replaced, facilitating a speedy repair.
THE EFFECT OF ALPRENOLOL ON HEMODYNAMICS IN ANGINA PECTORIS
Authors: Cullhed I.
Published: August 2010

AbstractTwelve men between 41 and 67 years of age were admitted for preoperative evaluation of angina pectoris. The diagnosis was confirmed by history, ECG at rest and exercise, and coronary arteriograms. Right heart and transseptal left heart catheterization were performed. Cardiac output and intracardiac pressures were determined at rest and during exercise with a load which caused angina pectoris. A β‐adrenergic blocking agent, alprenolol, was then injected intravenously, whereupon the studies at rest and exercise were repeated. The racemic form was given to 8 cases (0.1 mg/kg) and the levo form to 4 cases (0.05 mg/kg). During the first exercise period a pressure rise in the left atrium was found in all cases but one. Alprenolol caused few changes at rest. During the second exercise, with the same load, there was less increase in heart rate and aortic pressure after alprenolol. Four cases could perform the same work after alprenolol with no or with less pain than before. This group differed from the remaining 8 cases in having a higher left atrial pressure rise during the first work test, which also caused a higher heart rate in relation to oxygen consumption. This could mean that they were more hyperkinetic. The improved subjective exercise tolerance in this group was accompanied by less increase in heart rate and left atrial pressure than in those with the same degree of pain.
ALPRENOLOL ALONE AND IN CONJUNCTION WITH PENTANITROL IN ANGINA PECTORIS
Authors: Hansen P. Fritz , Rasmussen P. Agnar , Nyberg G.
Published: August 2010

Abstract Total work performance has been determined in 13 patients with angina pectoris during treatment with alprenolol alone and in conjunction with pentanitrol in a double‐blind study. Nine patients had a significant increase in work performance on alprenolol, but there was no difference between the two preparations. By measuring triple product and QS2 index before and after a test dose of alprenolol, it may be possible beforehand to select responders to this treatment.
TREATMENT OF PROGRESSIVE SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS (PSS) WITH PENICILLAMINE
Authors: Ho) H. Tio (Tiong , van Wijk L. , de Haan E.
Published: August 2010

Abstract Longitudinal studies over two years of penicillamine treatment in two pilot patients with progressive systemic sclerosis are described. Improvement was seen in both cases, though not in all later patients. It would appear that small doses, as compared to those in Wilson's disease, over long periods are the appropriate scheme for penicillamine therapy in this disease. The effective dosage appeared to be very variable. Desensitization should be tried when side‐effects occur. There are indications that the soluble/insoluble collagen ratio in the dermis may generally serve as an overall rough objective parameter for clinical improvement.
LATENT CORONARY INSUFFICIENCY IN YOUNG ATHLETES
Authors: Storstein Liv , Eie Harald
Published: August 2010

AbstractStaff and students at the Norwegian College of Physical Education and Sport, totalling 170 males and females of mean age 24 years, have been subjected to a bicycle ergometer test with post‐exercise ECG recordings. Sixteen athletes needed further evaluation for the following reasons: 1) ST depression of more than 1 mm. 2) Ventricular extrasystoles in the immediate post‐exercise tracing. 3) A possibly incomplete RBBB. 4) Inadequate heart rate in the immediate post‐exercise tracing. On reexamination with a graded, submaximal bicycle ergometer test with in‐ and post‐exercise ECG recordings, 8 persons were found to have a normal response, 4 ECG changes of functional type, 2 ventricular extrasystoles, mainly as bigeminy, which disappeared on high work loads, and 3 ECG changes of ischemic type. Selective coronary angiography was performed on the 3 athletes with latent coronary insufficiency and showed normal coronary arteriogram in 1 and a hypoplasia of the circumflex coronary artery in 2. Problems of ECG of athletes and evaluation of the coronary arteriograms are discussed.
BLOOD COAGULATION, FIBRINOLYSIS AND PLATELET FUNCTION IN WOMEN AGED 38, 46, 50, 54 AND 60
Authors: Korsan‐Bengtsen K. , Bengtsson C. , Tibblin E.
Published: August 2010

Abstract Blood coagulation, fibrinolysis and platelet function have been studied in a female population of 404 subjects in the age strata 38, 46, 50, 54 and 60 years. There was a significant increase in fibrinogen with increasing age. The population was also subdivided according to menopause. The results indicate that the menopause has some influence on the fibrinogen concentration. Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) in silicone tubes varied significantly with age. The curve was two‐humped. This is probably the result of two opposing effects on the clotting time: the fibrinogen concentration which increases with increasing age and tends to prolong the clotting times, and an unknown factor which tends to shorten the clotting times with increasing age. This non‐identified factor has probably something do to with surface activation of plasma.
THE INFLUENCE OF PREOPERATIVE PENSION ON VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION FOLLOWING RENAL TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Ahlmén J. , Olander R.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The vocational rehabilitation and the influence of sick‐leave and disability pension have been studied in 88 recipients of primary renal grafts. These 88 were left for study after exclusion from 150 consecutive recipients of renal grafts operated upon between 1965 and 1969 in Gothenburg. Of the 88 patients 64 were living with functioning grafts during the postoperative months 20–25. Of the 52 non‐pensioned patients in this period 43 were rehabilitated vocationally and 9 were still on sick‐leave. Eight of these 9 had returned to employment within the next 12 months. The vocational rehabilitation of the preopsratively pensioned patients in this study was nonexistent. Of 12 preoperatively pensioned patients 9 had functioning grafts in the postoperative months 20–25 and had a high degree of medical rehabilitation. Preventive rehabilitation to avoid this discrepancy between medical and vocational rehabilitation should start in the preuremic state, continue during maintenance dialysis and result in a high degree of medical and vocational rehabilitation after a successful transplantation.
MULTIPLE MYELOMA WITH URINARY EXCRETION OF HEAVY CHAIN COMPONENTS OF IgG AND NODULAR GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS
Authors: Sølling Karsten , Askjær Sv. Aa.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. A case of multiple myeloma with urinary excretion of considerable amounts of Fc fragments of IgG together with unusual glomerular lesions is reported. From the time of discovery of his disease the patient had heavy proteinuria, but renal function was otherwise well preserved and renal biopsy showed normal glomeruli. Over the course of 10 months severe renal insufficiency developed and death from uremia ensued. The urinary protein consisted mainly of Fc fragments from IgG and only small amounts of light chain fragments could be demonstrated. Kidney biopsies and autopsy revealed development of large mesangial nodules in the glomeruli, resembling the lesions in diabetic nodular glomerulosclerosis. Amyloid could not be demonstrated in these nodules.
INHIBITION OF LEUCOCYTE ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE BY CYANIDE IN VIVO
Authors: Thorling E. B. , Niazy M. S.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The alkaline phosphatase activity of the neutrophile leucocytes has been determined in rabbits after infusion of large doses of cyanide. A rapid decline in the activity was observed with a return to normal values after 3–4 weeks. At the point of maximal suppression the activity could be restored to normal values by infusion of zinc acetate.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SODIUM FLUXES AND ELECTRICAL POTENTIALS ACROSS THE NORMAL AND INFLAMED HUMAN RECTAL WALL IN VIVO
Authors: Rask‐Madsen Jørgen
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The normal human rectum generates a substantial transmural potential difference (PD), which in vivo is almost unaffected by the intraluminal ionic composition. The relationship between sodium transport and electrical PD across the intact human rectal wall has been studied in three healthy subjects and in eight patients to elucidate the significance of sodium movements in decreasing PD in ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease. A linear relationship was found between the log of the ratio for bidirectional sodium fluxes and the transmural PD with a ratio of unity at zero PD. As a significant increase in exsorption and only a moderate but significant decrease in insorption occurred in the patients, the initial changes of sodium transport and PD in inflammatory bowel disease are explained in terms of altered permeability characteristics of the rectal mucosa, probably followed by damage to the active sodium pump. Accordingly, the permeability coefficient of the inflamed mucosa was estimated to be 10−2 to 10−3 cm sec−1, while the diffusional sodium permeability coefficient of normal colonic mucosa was of the order 5 × 10−6 cm sec−1.
PLASMA LEVELS OF INDIVIDUAL FREE FATTY ACIDS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Hagenfeldt L. , Wester P. O.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Plasma levels of individual free fatty acids (FFA) have been determined in 24 patients with acute myocardial infarction on admission and repeatedly during the first 24 hours at the hospital. Thirty‐six patients admitted on the same criteria but in whom the diagnosis of myocardial infarction was later discarded served as a control group. There were no differences in the plasma FFA levels between the two groups. The intraindividual variation in plasma FFA during the first day was large, the mean difference between the highest and lowest value in each individual being 50% of the level on admission. There was a general tendency for the FFA concentration to be higher in the more severely ill patients. No association between high plasma FFA levels and arrhythmias was observed. On the contrary, the three patients who developed ventricular tachycardia had exceptionally low FFA levels before the occurrence of arrhythmia.
A CASE OF MASSIVE HYPERTRIGLYCERIDAEMIA AND IMPAIRED FATTY ACID INCORPORATION INTO ADIPOSE TISSUE GLYCERIDES (FIAT), BOTH CORRECTED BY NICOTINIC ACID
Authors: Carlson Lars A. , Eriksson Ingvar , Walldius Göran
Published: August 2010

Abstract. A case of massive chylomicronaemia with fasting plasma triglyceride levels around 100 mmol/1 and normal postheparin lipoprotein lipase activity (LLA) has been studied. To investigate other possible mechanisms for the hypertriglyceridaemia than reduced LLA, we have attempted to evaluate the capacity of adipose tissue to assimilate fatty acids split off from plasma triglycerides by LLA by studying the incorporation rate of fatty acids into adipose tissue (FIAT). Adipose tissue incubated in vitro showed a lowered FIAT. Also the incorporation of medium glucose into glyceride glycerol (GLIAT) was low compared to control subjects. After two months' treatment with nicotinic acid, when plasma triglyceride levels had fallen to nearly normal levels, FIAT and GLIAT had increased about 3–6‐fold and were then in the range of the control subjects. The role of the capacity of adipose tissue for assimilation of fatty acids split off from plasma triglycerides in regulating uptake of triglyceride fatty acids from the blood is discussed.
THE PERIPHERAL NERVE FUNCTION IN CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
Authors: Nielsen V. Kamp
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Sensory and motor nerve conduction has been measured in 56 patients with chronic renal failure. Slowed nerve conduction was present in one or more segments in 38 of 39 patients with a 24‐hour creatinine clearance below 10 ml/min/1.73 m2. The impairment involved upper and lower extremities, motor and sensory fibres, distal and proximal segments, and fast and more slowly conducting fibres. The amplitude of sensory action potentials was reduced, mainly due to increased temporal dispersion and to increased incidence of irregularities in the shape of potentials. The electromyographic contraction pattern at maximal effort in the abd. poll. brev. muscle was rarely abnormal, whereas the pattern in the ext. dig. brev. muscle was compatible with a moderate to severe loss of motor units in 21 of 29 patients. All patients with electrophysiological signs of impaired nerve function had slowed motor conduction in the common peroneal nerve and/or slowed sensory conduction in the median nerve. The demonstration in the present material of an almost uniform slowing of nerve conduction in all segments examined contrasts with the reported distribution of structural changes, predominantly located in the distal parts of the legs. The hypothesis is put forward that the slowing of nerve conduction is not solely dependent on structural changes, but also on a universal toxic effect upon the nerve axon membrane by uremic toxin(s) other than urea and creatinine.
THE PERIPHERAL NERVE FUNCTION IN CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
Authors: Nielsen V. Kamp
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The sensory and motor conduction velocity in the median and common peroneal nerve in 56 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) showed a linear correlation with the endogenous creatinine clearance (CCr) in a semilogarithmic system. The nerve conduction became impaired more severely and earlier in the course of CRF in males than in females. A significant reduction of the conduction velocity can be expected in half of the patients when the kidney function is reduced to about 10% of normal, and in terminal renal failure only few patients will show conduction velocities within normal limits. When the covariation with CCr was taken into account, the conduction velocity was not influenced by the serum concentrations of creatinine and urea, indicating that neither of these represent the neurotoxic substances in the uremic syndrome. There was no difference between the conduction velocities in patients with and without clinical signs of neuropathy when a correction was made for incomparability in the degree of renal failure. Furthermore there was a striking disparity between the predominance of clinical neurological signs in the distal parts of the legs and the almost uniform slowing of the nerve conduction in upper and lower extremities. These two latter findings indicate that the correlation between clinical findings and nerve conduction is more complicated than might be assumed from previous studies.
IRON‐FORTIFIED BREAD
Authors: Natvig Haakon , Vellar Odd D.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The hematinic effect of ferrous sulphate‐enriched flour has been examined in a long‐term, community‐based experiment. During a period of 20 consecutive months 17 000 metric tons of iron‐fortified flour were produced at Tau Mølle in Stavanger, Norway (total iron content 6.2 mg/100 g flour). There were neither complaints of rancidity of the flour nor of any harmful effect on its baking qualities. The monitoring of the effect of the iron‐fortification programme was performed on an experimental group of 202 women of child‐bearing age living in Stavanger. A control group of 215 women was established in Bergen. Blood examinations (Hb, Hct and MCHC) were performed at the start of the experiment and repeated on three occasions during the study. The results failed to give conclusive evidence of the hematinic effect of the iron supplement. However, the results obtained in the few women with the lowest circulating Hb levels (Hb ≤12 g/100 ml) suggested that the added iron was absorbed and utilized for Hb synthesis. The authors have recommended to the Norwegian health authorities that all white flour should be fortified with ferrous sulphate. It seems reasonable to apply the same level of enrichment as was recently proposed by the US Commissioner of Food and Drug Administration (total level of iron 9 mg/100 g flour).
AGRANULOCYTOSIS CAUSED BY NITROFURANTOIN
Authors: Palva I. P. , Lehmola Ulla
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Two episodes of agranulocytosis in connection with nitrofurantoin medication in one and the same female patient are reported. In both instances a rapid recovery followed treatment with prednisone.
BLOOD PRESSURE AND BLOOD LIPIDS IN MEMBERS OF FAMILIES WITH A HEAVY AGGREGATION OF ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Friman Göran , Waern Urban
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Eighty‐four persons between 17 and 48 years of age, who were siblings or children of hospitalized patients with essential hypertension, and whose families had additional cases of high BP and/or manifestations, have been investigated. BP, blood lipids and some other parameters were measured. As control group served 61 age‐matched persons, randomly selected from a general health survey. None of these controls had hypertensive disease in their families. Significantly higher BP was found in patients over the age of 33 with a family history of hypertension than in the control group. No difference below that age could be found. No significant differences in blood lipid levels were found.
DOPAMINE‐β‐HYDROXYLASE IN HYPERTENSION
Authors: Åberg H. , Wetterberg L. , Ross S. B. , Frödén ö.
Published: August 2010

Abstract.Dopamine‐β‐hydroxylase (DBH), the enzyme responsible for the biosynthesis of noradrenaline from dopamine, has been assayed in the blood plasma of S3 hypertensive patients. The results were compared with those from a control group of 93 adults. The plasma DBH activity varied within a wide range in both hypertensives and controls. There was no difference between the average DBH activity nor any significant relation between the resting recumbent systolic or diastolic BP and the plasma DBH activity. In a subsample of the material, consisting of 11 patients and controls matched for age and sex, the DBH activity was studied at 3‐hour intervals during 12 hours in an attempt to estimate the variation of each individual. No significant difference was found between the two groups.
CEREBROVASCULAR LESIONS
Authors: Frithz G. , Hood B. , Hansson L. , Björk S.
Published: August 2010

Abstract.Active antihypertensive treatment has now been carried out in Sweden for more than 23 years. It has, however, been reasonably widespread only for about 15 years. Increasingly efficient heart valve operations have been available for nearly 20 years, with a decline in the number of advanced mitral valvular defects. A downward trend for cerebral vascular lesions from 1950 to 1964 in Göteborg has earlier been noted. A new investigation for the year 1968 shows the same tendency for cerebral haemorrhages and cerebral embolism, but unchanged figures for encephalomalacias. In 1968, as in 1964, a considerable number of patients with known hypertension were on inadequate therapy or had been permitted to drop treatment completely.
THE INFLUENCE OF PORTOSYSTEMIC SHUNT OPERATION ON IMMUNOGLOBULINS AND ESCHERICHIA COLI ANTIBODIES IN PATIENTS WITH CIRRHOSIS OF THE LIVER
Authors: Prytz Hanne , Bjørneboe M. , Johansen T. Stæhr , ørskov F.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Serum γ‐globulin levels have been determined by paper electrophoresis in 54 patients with cirrhosis of the liver before and after establishment of a portocaval shunt. As a control group 23 patients operated on for cancer of the lung were studied in the same way. A significant average increase from 18.6 to 23.0 g/1 in the cirrhotics was found, whereas no increase in the control group was observed. Serum immunoglobulins and antibodies to E. coli 0 group antigens were studied in 31 patients with cirrhosis and a portocaval shunt and 128 patients with cirrhosis without portocaval shunt. Significantly higher levels of IgG and E. coli antibodies were found in the patients with a portocaval shunt. It is proposed that these observations can be explained by the change in liver circulation brought about by the operation. If the cirrhotic liver has retained some of the ability of the normal liver to inhibit immunogens as previously proposed by us, the observed changes in immunoglobulins and E. coli antibodies should be expected.
EFFECT OF ORPHENADRINE ON TOTAL THYROXINE
Authors: Beermann B. , Wester P. O.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Three clinically euthyroid patients with parkinsonism were found to have raised levels of protein‐bound thyroxine (T4(D)). It was demonstrated that treatment with orphenadrine (Disipal®) caused an elevation of T4(D) up to more than 100%. The increase was dose‐dependent and the underlying mechanism remained unknown.
SERUM CALCITONIN IN MEDULLARY THYROID CARCINOMA
Authors: Almqvist Sven , Telenius‐Berg Margareta , Wästhed Birgitta
Published: August 2010

Abstract. A radioimmunoassay for the determination of human calcitonin in 200 μl aliquots of serum has been developed using rabbit antiserum against extract of an amyloid‐producing medullary carcinoma of the thyroid gland (MCT). The assay was specific for human synthetic and native calcitonin and sensitive enough to determine normal and subnormal serum levels. No cross reaction occurred with human or bovine parathyroid hormone. The levels (x̄±2 S.D.) were 0.70±0.34 ng/ ml in 115 control subjects, confirming that calcitonin is a normal serum peptide. High calcitonin levels, 2‐>800 ng/ml, were found before surgery in 21 patients with verified MCT and low levels, ≤0.40 ng/ml, after thyroidectomy in 7 of 9 patients thyroidectomized for thyroid tumours other than MCT. Our results show that this calcitonin assay has clinical value in the diagnosis of MCT, both primary and metastasizing. It is therefore of value also in the postoperative control of these patients. The levels of calcitonin correlated well with the clinical estimation of the extent of the disease.
ENZYME ACTIVITIES AND GLYCOGEN CONCENTRATION IN SKELETAL MUSCLE IN ALCOHOLISM
Authors: Suominen H. , Forsberg S. , Heikkinen E. , österback L.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Muscle metabolism of chronic alcoholics has been studied using a muscle biopsy technique immediately after a drinking period, after 6–7 days' abstinence and after one month's physical conditioning. The activities of CPK, HK, LDH, MDH and SDH were significantly decreased in musculus vastus lateralis for 1–2 days after an alcoholic debauch. The enzyme activities of the alcoholics, who either had been abstinent for 6–7 days or in addition conditioned for one month, did not differ from those of the controls. The concentration of muscle glycogen was at the same level in both groups, but in bicycle ergometer work of an equal relative intensity the alcoholics used more glycogen than the control subjects. The results suggest that the energy metabolism of skeletal muscle is disturbed in an acute stage of chronic alcoholism as judged from the activities of some key enzymes of energy‐yielding metabolic pathways. Enzyme activities are normalized during the first week of abstinence, but the consumption of glycogen in physical work still remains larger than in normal muscles after one month's conditioning due to difference in physical fitness.
TRANSVENOUS CARDIAC PACEMAKER AS A FOCUS OF SALMONELLA INFECTION IN A PATIENT WITH HEART BLOCK
Authors: Svanbom Maj , Gästrin Bengt , Rodriguez Luis
Published: August 2010

Abstract. A case of a S. typhimurium septicemia in association with a permanently implanted transvenous pacemaker is described. The Salmonella infection had probably been contracted long before and was possibly the cause of a failure in heart conduction. Antibiotic treatment alone was without result, but after removal of the pacemaker system it resulted in eradication of the Salmonella infection and was also followed by elimination of the heart block. Three years after the operation there is still no need for artificial pacing.
THE FUNCTIONAL PATTERN OF THE CADAVERIC KIDNEY IN THE EARLY POSTTRANSPLANT PERIOD
Authors: Skov Poul Erik , Hansen Hans Erik
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Among a series of 96 cadaveric renal transplant recipients the graft function has been studied in 25 grafts characterized by good initial function creatinine clearances varying from 8 to 65 ml/min during the first postoperative day. Initial function did not correlate to the donor's age or to the length of warm and cold ischemia time. Mean graft function, as measured by 125iothalamate and 131I‐hippuran clearances during the period studied, was significantly lower than that in recipients of kidneys from living donors whose ischemia times were short and well defined. During the period studied the graft function increased independently of donor's age and length of ischemia time. In connection with ischemia and rejection, changes were seen in the functional pattern, with a significant reduction in filtration fraction.
CUTANEOUS ERYTHEMA, WITH OR WITHOUT NECROSIS, LOCALIZED TO THE LEGS AND FEET—A LESION IN ELDERLY DIABETICS
Authors: Lithner Folke
Published: August 2010

Abstract.The paper describes cutaneous lesions of the leg and/or foot in elderly diabetics, consisting of areas of erythema the size of a child's palm or larger, and in the same group of patients areas of necrosis from the size of confetti up to the size of a child's palm, surrounded by erythema. The necrosis involves all layers of the skin. Similar skin lesions are seen in elderly persons without recognized diabetes. When a group of patients of the latter type was compared with a control group, it appeared that their glucose tolerance was altered in a diabetic direction. The skin lesions usually follow cardiac decompensation, with or without oedema of the legs, or unilateral oedema of the leg due, for example, to venous thrombosis. The author suggests that the lesions are due to a qualitatively or quantitatively altered reaction in diabetics. The patients may also have skeletal destruction in the feet. The initial lesions in dermopathia diabetica (Melin) are also described. They consist of superficial ulcerations the size of confetti or somewhat larger, surrounded by a narrow zone of erythema.
SUCCESSFUL IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT OF OLIGURIC EXTRACAPILLARY GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
Authors: Jensen Herluf , ølgaard Klaus , Faarup Poul
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Ten consecutive patients with oliguric extracapillary glomerulonephritis have been treated with prednisone and/or azathioprine. Six patients responded favourably to the treatment, while 4 died of uraemia. Of the 6 responders 5 were treated with prednisone and azathioprine and one with prednisone. The 6 patients are still on immunosuppressive treatment and have creatinine clearances of 21–75 tnl/min 2–43 months after start of treatment. Thus treatment with prednisone and azathioprine seems to improve the prognosis of oliguric extracapillary glomerulonephritis.
VARIATIONS IN L‐DOPA ABSORPTION
Authors: Granerus Ann‐Kathrine , Jagenburg Rudolf , Rödjer Stig , Svanborg Alvar
Published: August 2010

Abstract. In a parkinsonian patient with a weak effect of L‐dopa on the parkinsonian symptoms, unusually high plasma levels of dopa and dopamine sulphate were noticed. The plasma concentrations of tyrosine and phenylalanine were low during the whole observation period. The urinary excretion of dopamine sulphate and the ratio of dopamine sulphate to dopamine in urine were high. The reason for this high ratio of dopamine sulphate to dopamine could not be determined. The disappearance of L‐dopa from plasma after i.v. administration was only slightly reduced. It was concluded that the L‐dopa absorption in this patient was very efficient due to a low dopa decarboxylation in the intestinal organs in spite of a normal decarboxylase activity in other peripheral tissues. Such a selective decrease in the dopa decarboxylation in the intestinal. organs is presumably unusual, but illustrates that very marked individual variations in the L‐dopa metabolism may occur in parkinsonian patients.
LACTIC ACIDOSIS IN EPINEPHRINE POISONING
Authors: Kølendorf Klaus , Møller Birger Broch
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Lactic acidosis as a result of epinephrine poisoning is discussed. A case report illustrates the clinical condition after a very large dosage of epinephrine (20 mg i.v.). The pathogenesis of lactic acidosis in this situation is discussed and suggested to be of type II A and II B according to Huckabee. We advocate the treatment with insulin, glucose and bicarbonate.

Lactic acidosis was first mentioned in 1925 in dehydrated children (2), but this work did not provoke any investigation of the etiology of lactic acidosis until Huckabee (5) in 1961 analysed the causes of elevated lactate concentrations in the blood. Recently Oliva (8) has published a review on the subject. We have observed an unusual cause of lactic acidosis—epinephrine poisoning—and we here discuss the possible mechanism of lactic acidosis on the basis of the present case.
PRACTOLOL‐PROPRANOLOL
Authors: Andersson Owe , Berglund Göran
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The antihypertensive effect of practolol and propranolol have been compared in a double‐blind cross‐over study on 24 patients with mild to moderate hypertension. Practolol gave the same BP reduction with less reduction in heart rate.
TRACE ELEMENTS IN SERUM AND URINE FROM HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS TREATED FOR SIX MONTHS WITH CHLORTHALIDONE
Authors: Wester P. O.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Urinary excretion and serum concentration of antimony, arsenic, bromine, cadmium, caesium, cobalt, copper, gold, iron, mercury, molybdenum, rubidium, scandium, silver, tungsten and zinc from 6 hypertensive patients before and after 6 months' treatment with chlorthalidone have been investigated. The method consisted in neutron activation analysis combined with a recently developed ion exchange technique. A previously observed increase in urinary excretion of bromine, cadmium, cobalt, rubidium and zinc after short‐term treatment with chlorthalidone was also present after long‐term treatment with regard to rubidium and zinc and possibly also to bromine, cadmium and cobalt. A significantly lowered concentration in serum after long‐term treatment was found only for rubidium.
DRUG‐INDUCED MALABSORPTION OF VITAMIN B12
Authors: Palva I. P. , Salokannel S. J. , Palva H. L. A. , Rytkönen U. , Timonen T.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Twelve of 40 heart patients on medication with potassium citrate had slightly low results (5–9.5%) in the Schilling test. Administration of calcium at the same time did not prevent this harmful effect. The mechanism of the disturbance is more likely to involve slight acidification of the contents of the ileum than binding of the Ca++ ion by the citrate. The disturbance in the absorption of B12 during medication with potassium citrate is usually so slight that it can cause deficiency of B12 only in rare cases. This finding is more important as a transient cause of a low Schilling test.
LONG‐TERM EFFECT OF ALPRENOLOL AS ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT
Authors: Bengtsson Calle
Published: August 2010

AbstractAlprenolol was given to 26 women, participants in a population study, who were found to have arterial hypertension. These women were followed up for about two years, during which period they received β‐adrenergic blocking agents. Except for 6 weeks on placebo and 8 weeks on propranolol, alprenolol was given during the period. Those who had an initial effect from alprenolol also had long‐term benefit of the substance. Blood pressure seemed to remain at the same level during a follow‐up period of two years. Except for one woman who at the end of the two‐year period had slight obstructive bronchial symptoms, which may have been caused by alprenolol, no adverse reactions were seen. After an initial rise when starting treatment with alprenolol serum uric acid values were subsequently normalized and after a two‐year period they seemed to be even lower than the pre‐treatment values.
A LONG‐TERM STUDY OF THE ANTIHYPERTENSIVE EFFECT OF ALPRENOLOL
Authors: Comerford M. Brian , Pringle Alex
Published: August 2010

AbstractTwenty patients, known to have essential hypertension, were treated for an average period of 30 months with alprenolol (Aptin®). Initially, the dose reponse to 200 mg up to 800 mg daily was observed. Nine patients were well controlled on alprenolol alone (mean 555 mg daily). The mean decrease at 36 months was 31/21 supine and 28/25 standing in comparison with the initial placebo readings. Ten other patients, who were only partially controlled on alprenolol alone, were eventually well controlled by a combination of alprenolol with either hydralazine or chlorthalidone.

No difference was observed in the antihypertensive effects of propranolol and alprenolol in a comparative exercise study on six of the patients.

One patient was withdrawn from the study. Side‐effects of transient lassitude occurred in four patients. No signs of bronchial obstruction, postural hypotension or cardiac decompensation were observed.
SARCOIDOSIS AND MYELOMA OF LAMBDA‐TYPE IgG
Authors: Selroos Olof , Brander Lennart , Virolainen Martti
Published: August 2010

Abstract. This report is concerned with the combination of chronic sarcoidosis and myeloma. The myeloma, of lambda‐type IgG, was diagnosed 6 years after the onset of sarcoidosis. A gradually increasing ESR during the interval provided an indication of gradual development of the plasma cell dyscrasy. Signs were observed of depressed cellular immunity, most probably attributable to the sarcoid disease. Phytohaemagglutinin‐induced lymphocyte transformation in vitro was markedly depressed. In comparison with earlier test results the tuberculin skin reaction was depressed. The in vitro response, with PPD as stimulant, was compatible with the skin reaction. Lymphopenia was present, but the ratio of T and B lymphocytes was normal. A discussion bears upon the discrepancy between the poor PHA response and the normal number of T lymphocytes, and the possible relationship between sarcoidosis and myeloma, as compared with known disorders associated with monoclonal paraproteinaemia.
EOSINOPHILIC LEUKAEMIA — RECOVERY OF MYCOPLASMA ORALE FROM THE BONE MARROW
Authors: Tallgren L. G. , Wegelius Ruth , Andersson L. C. , Jansson Elli
Published: August 2010

Abstract. A case of eosinophilic leukaemia of the mature cell type is presented. The case reported fulfils the clinical and morphological criteria of acute myeloid leukaemia. The morphological and serological findings are not consistent with disseminated eosinophilic “collagen disease” or any other “collagen disease”. The onset was that of an infection with an elevated titre of cold agglutinins. Mycoplasma orale type 1 was isolated from the bone marrow. The possible oncogenic role of mycoplasma is discussed, inasmuch as the morphological defect found in the present patient's thymus may indicate a potentially altered immune response.
DISACCHARIDASE ACTIVITY IN CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
Authors: McNair Allan , Olsen Jens
Published: August 2010

Abstract. In 32 patients with chronic renal failure, average endogenous creatinine clearance 6.5 ml per minute (range 0–11), average age 45 years (range 19–58) and average duration of severe uremia 4.4 months (range 1–12) the following examinations have been carried out: lactose, sucrose and glucose‐galactose tolerance tests, histological examination of jejunal biopsies and determination of the activity of lactase, sucrase, maltase and alkaline phosphatase in the mucosa. In 2 of the 32 patients there was evidence of lactase deficiency, but this frequency is not higher than found in the general Danish population. Other tests were normal. It is concluded that affection of the small intestine is not an integral part of the chronic uremic syndrome.
HEMODYNAMIC CHANGES AT REST AND DURING EXERCISE IN LONG‐TERM CLONIDINE THERAPY OF ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Lund‐Johansen Per
Published: August 2010

Abstract.Thirteen men with untreated essential hypertension in WHO stage I, all working, have been studied ambulatorily. Oxygen consumption, heart rate, cardiac output (Cardiogreen) and intraarterial brachial pressure were recorded at rest in supine and sitting position and during steady state work at 300, 600 and 900 kpm/min. The subjects were treated with Clonidine as the sole drug for one year and the hemodynamic study was repeated. The reduction in the intraarterial pressure was usually due to a decrease in cardiac output which again was due to a reduction in heart rate. The calculated total peripheral resistance did not change significantly. The pressure reduction was greatest at rest. During submaximal exercise the differences between the hemodynamic parameters before and after therapy were small.
CARDIAC ARREST AS A PRESENTATION OF MÜNCHHAUSEN SYNDROME
Authors: Adler M. W. , Mallinson W. J. W.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. This paper describes two male patients presenting with cardiac arrest who were later found to be free of ischaemic heart disease. It is suggested that this is a further form of presentation of the Münchhausen syndrome as originally described by Asher in 1951.
THE EFFECTS OF EARLY MALNUTRITION IN MAN ON BODY COMPOSITION AND ADIPOSE TISSUE CELLULARITY AT ADULT AGE
Authors: Berglund Gunilla , Björntorp Per , Sjöström Lars , Smith Ulf
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Ten adult men, who as newborns suffered from pyloric stenosis with severe malnutrition, were probably shorter and showed a tendency to a smaller body cell mass than controls. Body fat and fat cell size tended to increase with age in controls and pyloric stenosis subjects. Fat cell number was similar to that of the controls. It was suggested that malnutrition in the earliest period after birth exerts an influence on cell multiplication, but the effect on adipose tissue cellularity is compensated for during recovery from starvation.
SIALADENITIS FOLLOWING TREATMENT WITH α‐METHYLDOPA
Authors: Mårdh P.‐A. , Belfrage Inger , Naversten Elisabeth
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Three cases of sialadenitis following treatment with L‐α‐methyldopa are described. Swelling of the salivary glands was accompanied by a raised temperature and in two cases also by a feeling of nasal congestion and pharyngitis. In two of the patients, who had taken the drug only occasionally, the swelling occurred within 48 hours after the last intake. Besides parotid pain, a later provocation in one of them resulted in an exanthema of the type seen in LED. She had a marked increase of IgG in serum. In the third patient, who had taken the drug regularly for 1 month, swelling of one parotid was not observed until 11 days after withdrawal of the drug. In two of the patients the serum concentration of amylase was raised and analysis of the isoenzymes showed that the increase was due to salivary gland amylase.
EFFECT OF BICARBONATE AND PHOSPHATE ON THE ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR RESPONSE IN HUMAN ADIPOSE TISSUE IN VITRO
Authors: Rosenqvist Urban
Published: August 2010

Abstract.The adrenergic receptor response of human adipose tissue has been tested in vitro in the presence and absence of bicarbonate and phosphate. It could be shown that omission of these ions from the medium resulted in an enhanced α‐adrenergic response of the tissue. The effect of HCO3was inhibited by Diamox®. It is concluded that the adrenergic response is sensitive to the presence of these ions and it is suggested that it could be due to a disturbance of the calcium uptake into the mitochondria.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF INTRAPORTAL AND INTRAVENOUS INFUSION OF INSULIN ON BLOOD GLUCOSE AND FREE FATTY ACIDS IN PERIPHERAL VENOUS BLOOD OF MAN
Authors: Erwald R. , Hed R. , Nygren A. , Röjdmark S. , Wiechel K.‐L.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The peripheral venous hypoglycemic and hypolipacidemic responses to intraportal infusions of insulin have been compared with the responses obtained after i.v. infusions of identical amounts of insulin in 14 unanesthetized patients. The i.v. route of insulin administration resulted in a more pronounced hypolipacidemic response than the intraportal administration route. The hypoglycemic responses, however, as reflected in the peripheral venous blood, did not differ significantly after either route of insulin administration.
THE ACCURACY OF AUSCULTATORY MEASUREMENT OF ARM BLOOD PRESSURE IN VERY OBESE SUBJECTS
Authors: Nielsen Poul Ebbe , Janniche Hanne
Published: August 2010

Abstract. In 28 very obese subjects with arm circumference equal to or greater than 35 cm (mean 41.8, range 35–49) intraarterial measurements of arm blood pressure (BP) were performed simultaneously with auscultatory measurements using a standard cuff (12 × 23 cm) and a big cuff (14 × 45 cm). The mean difference between auscultatory and intraarterial measurements using the standard cuff was +6.8 mmHg (S.D. 14.3) for systolic and + 14.3 mmHg(S.D. 9.7) for dia‐stolic BP (phase V). Using the big cuff these mean differences were reduced to ‐5.8 mmHg (S.D. 11.2) and +7.1 mmHg (S.D. 7.1), respectively. Neither arm circumference nor BP correlated significantly with the difference between auscultatory and intraarterial measurement. It is emphasized that with the standard cuff the measurement of arm BP in these obese subjects is inaccurate. Using the big cuff the accuracy is better, similar to that of indirect measurements in normal subjects. But big interindividual differences nevertheless exist which cannot be predicted from the BP nor the circumference of the arm. Therefore, in patients in whom “cuff hypertension” is suspected, intraarterial measurements are indicated before prolonged antihypertensive treatment is initiated.
BLOOD TRANSFUSION REQUIREMENTS BEFORE AND AFTER BILATERAL NEPHRECTOMY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CHRONIC HEMODIALYSIS
Authors: Milman Nils
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Blood transfusion requirements have been calculated in 6 patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis before and after bilateral nephrectomy. Following nephrectomy the monthly average transfusion requirement per patient increased from 379 + 135 to 673+202 ml (+S.D.) (p<0.03) and average Hb decreased from 7.7+0.4 to 6.9+0.5 g/100 ml (p< 0.03). Furthermore transfusion requirements were calculated in 10 nephrectomized and 15 non‐nephrectomized patients. The monthly transfusion requirement averaged 404+181 ml per patient in the nephrectomized against 14+22 in the non‐nephrectomized group (p<0.01). Hb averaged 5.3+0.7 g/100 ml in the nephrectomized against 6.7+1.2 in the non‐nephrectomized group (p<0.01). No significant difference in age, body weight, length of observation period, average predialytic serum creatinine, average predialytic BP or duration of antibiotic therapy was found in the two groups. Seven of 9 multitransfused patients developed lymphocytotoxic antibodies. It is concluded that severely atrophic kidneys exert a significant, although limited, erythropoietic stimulating function and that nephrectomy should not be performed as a routine in patients on chronic dialysis awaiting renal transplantation.
CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTS OF POISONING WITH TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS
Authors: Thorstrand Curt
Published: August 2010

Abstract.Cardiovascular dynamics have been studied in 10 patients admitted because of poisoning by tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) and in 7 with hypnotic drug (HD) poisoning. Right heart catheterization (floating catheter technique) and determination of cardiac output (dye dilution technique) have been performed during and after an initial comatous phase. In the TCA group there were marked ECG changes with a mean increase of QRS duration to 0.14 sec during the comatous phase. The cardiac output was then increased in relation to the calculated oxygen uptake compared with the findings in awake state, when the ECG changes had diminished or disappeared. After i.v. administration of 5 mg propranolol the fall in cardiac output was most pronounced during the comatous phase but the broadening of QRS complexes was not affected. The central venous and systemic arterial BP were normal. As judged by the normal diastolic pressure in the pulmonary artery and the normal central venous pressure there were no signs of myocardial insufficiency. The cardiac output in the TCA group was twice as high, i.e. significantly higher, as in the HD patients. The arteriovenous oxygen difference was significantly lower (on an average 40%). The hyperkinetic circulation during TCA poisoning may be explained by a dominant adrenergic stimulatory effect on the circulation.
ATTEMPTED DRUG SUICIDE IN A SWEDISH CITY
Authors: Linné Inger
Published: August 2010

Abstract.A study has been made of the number of attempted suicides with drugs and toxic gases seen in a medical department of a general hospital during 1968‐70. The material consisted of 2002 patients over 15 years of age who made 2663 suicidal attempts. The greatest numbers occurred in younger age groups and there was a slight predominance of women. About 20% of the men and 17% of the women made more than one attempt during the period. Barbiturates and benzo‐diazepines were the most frequent drugs used. During 1969‐70 there was a sharp increase of drugs such as methaqualone and dextropropoxyphene. The mortality rate for patients alive at admission was low, 0.4%. The investigation also included a maximum 5‐year follow‐up, which showed that 4% of the patients who, after attempting suicide by intake of drugs in 1968‐70, later made another and successful suicidal attempt. There was often no correlation between the seriousness of the latest attempt from a somatic point of view compared with the risk of later death through drug intake.