bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Static magnetic stimulation induces structural plasticity at the axon initial segment of inhibitory cortical neurons
Authors: Beros J. L. , King E. S. , Clarke D. , Jaeschke-Angi L. , Rodger J. , Tang A. D.
Published: January 2024

Static magnetic stimulation (SMS) is a form of non-invasive brain stimulation that alters neural activity and induces neural plasticity that outlasts the period of stimulation. This can modify corticospinal excitability or motor behaviours, suggesting that SMS may alter the intrinsic excitability of neurons. In mammalian neurons, the axon initial segment (AIS) is the site of action potential initiation and undergoes structural plasticity (changes in length and position from the soma) as a homeostatic mechanism to counteract chronic changes in neuronal activity. We investigated whether the chronic application of SMS (6 and 48 h, 0.5 T) induces structural AIS plasticity in postnatally derived primary cortical neurons. Following 6 h of SMS, we observed a shortening in mean AIS length compared to control, that persisted 24 h post stimulation. In contrast, 48 h of SMS induced an immediate distal shift that persisted 24 h post-stimulation. Pharmacological blockade of voltage gated L/T-type calcium channels during stimulation did not prevent SMS-induced AIS structural plasticity. Our findings provide the foundation to expand the use of chronic SMS as a non-invasive method to promote AIS plasticity.
Numerical evaluation of cutting strategies for thin-walled parts
Authors: Lassila Andreas Andersson , Svensson Daniel , Wang Wei , Andersson Tobias
Published: January 2024

Static form errors due to in-process deflections is a major concern in flank milling of thin-walled parts. To increase both productivity and part geometric accuracy, there is a need to predict and control these form errors. In this work, a modelling framework for prediction of the cutting force-induced form errors, or thickness errors, during flank milling of a thin-walled workpiece is proposed. The modelled workpiece geometry is continuously updated to account for material removal and the reduced stiffness matrix is calculated for nodes in the engagement zone. The proposed modelling framework is able to predict the resulting thickness errors for a thin-walled plate which is cut on both sides. Several cutting strategies and cut patterns using constant z-level finishing are studied. The modelling framework is used to investigate the effect of different cut patterns, machining allowance, cutting tools and cutting parameters on the resulting thickness errors. The framework is experimentally validated for various cutting sequences and cutting parameters. The predicted thickness errors closely correspond to the experimental results. It is shown from numerical evaluations that the selection of an appropriate cut pattern is crucial in order to reduce the thickness error. Furthermore, it is shown that an increased machining allowance gives a decreased thickness error for thin-walled plates.
Host-specific growth responses of Larix kaempferi and Quercus acutissima to Asian gypsy moth defoliation in central Korea
Authors: Jung Jong Bin , Kim Eun-Sook , Lim Jong-Hwan , Choi Won Il
Published: January 2024

As the risk of gypsy moth outbreaks that have detrimental effects on forest ecosystem in the Northern Hemisphere increase due to climate change, a quantitative evaluation of the impact of gypsy moth defoliation is needed to support the adaptive forest management. To evaluate the host-specific impact of gypsy moth defoliation, radial growth and annual carbon accumulation were compared for one severely defoliated (Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière) and one moderate defoliated (Quercus acutissima Carruth.) host, in defoliated and non-defoliated site using tree-ring analysis. Finally, the resilience indices of radial growth variables were calculated to assess the ability of sampled trees to withstand defoliation. Gypsy moth defoliation mainly decreased latewood width and caused reduction in annual carbon absorption more than 40% for both tree species. However, L. kaempferi, showed the reduced growth until the year following defoliation, while Q. acutissima, showed no lagged growth depression and rapid growth recover. The findings show how each species reacts differently to gypsy moth defoliation and highlight the need of managing forests in a way that takes resilient tree species into account.
Health effects of carbonaceous PM2.5 compounds from residential fuel combustion and road transport in Europe
Authors: Paisi Niki , Kushta Jonilda , Pozzer Andrea , Violaris Angelos , Lelieveld Jos
Published: January 2024

Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. In Europe, residential fuel combustion and road transport emissions contribute significantly to PM2.5. Toxicological studies indicate that PM2.5 from these sources is relatively more hazardous, owing to its high content of black and organic carbon. Here, we study the contribution of the emissions from these sectors to long-term exposure and excess mortality in Europe. We quantified the impact of anthropogenic carbonaceous aerosols on excess mortality and performed a sensitivity analysis assuming that they are twice as toxic as inorganic particles. We find that total PM2.5 from residential combustion leads to 72,000 (95% confidence interval: 48,000–99,000) excess deaths per year, with about 40% attributed to carbonaceous aerosols. Similarly, road transport leads to about 35,000 (CI 23,000–47,000) excess deaths per year, with 6000 (CI 4000–9000) due to carbonaceous particles. Assuming that carbonaceous aerosols are twice as toxic as other PM2.5 components, they contribute 80% and 37%, respectively, to residential fuel combustion and road transport-related deaths. We uncover robust national variations in the contribution of each sector to excess mortality and emphasize the importance of country-specific emission reduction policies based on national characteristics and sectoral shares.
Neutrophil extracellular trap-related mechanisms in acne vulgaris inspire a novel treatment strategy with adipose-derived stem cells
Authors: Yu Honghao , Zhang Boyu , Zhan Yuanyuan , Yi Yi , Jiang Qiong , Zhang Qi , Wu Yiping , Wu Min
Published: January 2024

Acne vulgaris is a type of chronic skin disorder caused by Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes). Neutrophil extrinsic traps (NETs) play key role in many types of inflammatory skin diseases. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) was reported modulate immune responses and neutrophil activity. Here, we explored the potential role of ADSCs and the potential mechanism associated with neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in relieving acne vulgaris. In the P. acnes-infected ear skin model, histological staining was used to evaluate the inflammatory infiltration and NET formation in control, P. acnes, and P. acnes + ADSCs groups. Besides, western blot was used to detect the expression levels of cit-H3, MPO, and Nrf2 in ear tissue. In vitro, the immunofluorescence staining of MPO and cit-H3, and SYTOX green staining were performed to measure the NET formation. CCK-8 assay, EdU staining, and wound healing assay were used to detect the proliferation and migration abilities of keratinocytes. ELISA assay was utilized to detect the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. In P. acnes-infected ear skin, ADSC treatment significantly attenuated inflammation and NET formation via activating Nrf2 signaling pathway. In vitro, the conditioned medium of ADSCs reduced the formation of P. acne-induced NETs. Besides, ADSCs could inhibit that the NETs efficiently promoted the proliferation, migration, and inflammatory cytokine secretion of keratinocytes. Our study suggested that ADSCs could attenuate P. acne-related inflammation by inhibiting NET formation. This study provides a novel therapeutic perspective of ADSCs in combating acne vulgaris.
Development of a claims-based risk-scoring model to predict emergency department visits in older patients receiving anti-neoplastic therapy
Authors: Suh Yewon , Jeong Jonghyun , Park Soh Mee , Heo Kyu‑Nam , Lee Mee Yeon , Ah Young-Mi , Kim Jin Won , Kim Kwang-il , Lee Ju-Yeun
Published: January 2024

This study developed and validated a risk-scoring model, with a particular emphasis on medication-related factors, to predict emergency department (ED) visits among older Korean adults (aged 65 and older) undergoing anti-neoplastic therapy. Utilizing national claims data, we constructed two cohorts: the development cohort (2016–2018) with 34,642 patients and validation cohort (2019) with 10,902 patients. The model included a comprehensive set of predictors: demographics, cancer type, comorbid conditions, ED visit history, and medication use variables. We employed the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression to refine and select the most relevant predictors. Out of 120 predictor variables, 12 were integral to the final model, including seven related to medication use. The model demonstrated acceptable predictive performance in the validation cohort with a C-statistic of 0.76 (95% CI 0.74–0.77), indicating reasonable calibration. This risk-scoring model, after further clinical validation, has the potential to assist healthcare providers in the effective management and care of older patients receiving anti-neoplastic therapy.
Effects of cropping patterns on the distribution, carbon contents, and nitrogen contents of aeolian sand soil aggregates in Northwest China
Authors: Niu Ziru , An Fangjiao , Su Yongzhong , Li Juan , Liu Tingna
Published: January 2024

The long-term physicochemical responses of aeolian sandy soil aggregates to different crop rotation patterns are poorly understood. Here, we collected soil samples from the 0 to 20 cm tillage layer of continuous maize crop and alfalfa–maize rotation plots situated on the edge of the Zhangye Oasis, Northwest China. These samples were analyzed to quantify the influence of both cropping patterns on the structure, carbon content, and nitrogen content of aeolian sandy soils. When compared with long-term continuous maize cropping, planting alfalfa–maize rotation system significantly increased the mass fraction of macro-aggregates with sizes of > 2 mm and 0.25–2 mm from 8.7 to 12.1% and 19.1 to 21.2%, respectively, but decreased the mass fraction of micro-aggregates (0.053–0.25 mm) from 8.1 to 6.2%. Further, there was no significant difference in the content of silt and clay particles between each system. The alfalfa–maize rotation increased the stability of aggregates from 32 to 37%, representing an increase of 15.6%. Soil organic carbon, inorganic carbon, and total nitrogen were mainly enriched in macro-aggregates with sizes of > 2 mm, and silt and clay fractions for both cropping patterns. Implementation of a rotation pattern increased organic carbon contents by 27.2%, 25.6%, 26.7%, and 27.6%, inorganic carbon contents by 14.4%, 4.5%, 53.3%, and 21.0%, and total nitrogen contents by 29.7%, 7.0%, 4.2%, and 50.0% in aggregate particle sizes of > 2 mm, 0.25–2 mm, 0.053–0.25 mm, and < 0.053 mm, respectively, when compared to continuous maize cropping. The alfalfa–maize crop rotation can therefore effectively improve soil aggregate composition and aggregate stability, alongside organic carbon content, inorganic carbon content, total nitrogen content, and their storage capacity. This system thus represents a soil cultivation technique that can increase the soil carbon sequestration capacity in the oasis zone of Northwest China.
A longitudinal comparison of maternal behaviour in German urban humans (Homo sapiens) and captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Authors: Amici Federica , Liebal Katja , Ersson-Lembeck Manuela , Holodynski Manfred
Published: January 2024

Comparative perspectives are crucial in the study of human development, yet longitudinal comparisons of humans and other primates are still relatively uncommon. Here, we combined theoretical frameworks from cross-cultural and comparative psychology, to study maternal style in 10 mother–infant pairs of German urban humans (Homo sapiens) and 10 mother–infant pairs of captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), during the first year of infants’ development. We conducted focal observations of different behaviours (i.e. nursing, carrying, body contact, touching, grooming, restraining, approaching, leaving, rejection, aggression, mutual gaze, object stimulation), during natural interactions. Analyses revealed a more distal maternal style in WEIRD humans than in captive chimpanzees, with different behaviours being generally more common in one of the two species throughout development. For other behaviours (i.e. nursing), developmental trajectories differed between WEIRD humans and captive chimpanzees, although differences generally decreased through infants’ development. Overall, our study confirms functional approaches as a valid tool for comparative longitudinal studies.
Cooperative function of oncogenic MAPK signaling and the loss of Pten for melanoma migration through the formation of lamellipodia
Authors: Yasuta Yutaka , Kaminaka Ryuya , Nagai Shutaro , Mouri Shuto , Ishida Katsuya , Tanaka Akihiro , Zhou Yue , Sakurai Hiroaki , Yokoyama Satoru
Published: January 2024

The combination of oncogenes and tumor suppressors is involved in cancer development; however, it is still unknown whether their combination plays a critical role in cancer metastasis. We herein investigated whether genetic combinations affected cell migration ability by establishing the immortalized melanocytes, melan-a cells, with an oncogene, either BRAFV600E or GNA11Q209L, and the loss of mouse Pten. The loss of mouse Pten or human PTEN increased the cell migration ability of our established cells and human melanoma cell lines with oncogenic MAPK signaling and the BRAFV600E or NRASQ61R background, but not with the GNA11Q209L background or no oncogenes. Although increased migration was not related to PI3K-AKT activation, those migration is regulated by the induction of some components in the WAVE regulatory complex, resulting in a higher rate of the formation of lamellipodia. On the other hand, BRAFV600E induced EphA2 phosphorylation at serine 897 through RSK and was also required for cell migration and the formation of lamellipodia. Therefore, the oncogenic MAPK pathway and loss of Pten in melanoma were important for cell migration through the formation of lamellipodia, suggesting the significance of an appropriate combination of genetic alterations not only in cancer development, but also cancer metastasis.
Structure-based development of 3,5-dihydroxybenzoyl-hydrazineylidene as tyrosinase inhibitor; in vitro and in silico study
Authors: Bagheri Azzam , Moradi Shahram , Iraji Aida , Mahdavi Mohammad
Published: January 2024

A series of new analogs of 3,5-dihydroxybenzoyl-hydrazineylidene conjugated to different methoxyphenyl triazole (11a-n) synthesized using click reaction. The structures of all synthesized compounds were characterized by FTIR, 1H, 13C-NMR spectroscopy, and CHO analysis. The tyrosinase inhibitory potential of the synthesized compounds was studied. The newly synthesized scaffolds were found to illustrate the variable degree of the inhibitory profile, and the most potent analog of this series was that one bearing 4-methoxyphenyl moiety, and exhibited an IC50 value of 55.39 ± 4.93 µM. The kinetic study of the most potent derivative reveals a competitive mode of inhibition. Next, molecular docking studies were performed to understand the potent inhibitor's binding mode within the enzyme's binding site. Molecular dynamics simulations were accomplished to further investigate the orientation and binding interaction over time and the stability of the 11m-tyrosinase complex.
Evolution of biological cooperation: an algorithmic approach
Authors: Sudakow Ivan , Reinitz John , Vakulenko Sergey A. , Grigoriev Dima
Published: January 2024

This manuscript presents an algorithmic approach to cooperation in biological systems, drawing on fundamental ideas from statistical mechanics and probability theory. Fisher’s geometric model of adaptation suggests that the evolution of organisms well adapted to multiple constraints comes at a significant complexity cost. By utilizing combinatorial models of fitness, we demonstrate that the probability of adapting to all constraints decreases exponentially with the number of constraints, thereby generalizing Fisher’s result. Our main focus is understanding how cooperation can overcome this adaptivity barrier. Through these combinatorial models, we demonstrate that when an organism needs to adapt to a multitude of environmental variables, division of labor emerges as the only viable evolutionary strategy.
HBV-miR-3 is closely related to HBV replication and strongly predictive of HBeAg seroconversion in PegIFN-α treated patients
Authors: Xu Zhenyu , Xu Yun , Wu Zhenyu , Wang Sujuan , Zhang Min , Jiang Yongfang , Gong Guozhong
Published: January 2024

HBV-miR-3 is encoded by HBV and takes part in pathogenesis of HBV-related liver disease. Whether HBV-miR-3 has a relationship with HBV replication and is predictive of PegIFN-α treatment response is still unknown. HBV-miR-3 quantification is based on qRT-PCR. The relationship of HBV-miR-3 and HBV replication, and predictive value of HBV-miR-3 were evaluated in a cohort of 650 HBeAg positive patients from a multi-center, randomized phase III clinical trial for the study of PegIFN-a2b. HBV-miR-3 is significantly positively related to HBVDNA, HBVpgRNA, HBeAg and HBsAg at baseline and at all the different time points during PegIFN-α treatment. Both univariate regression analyses and multivariate logistic regression analyses showed HBV-miR-3 is a predictor of HBeAg seroconversion in the patients treated with PegIFN-α at weeks of 0, 12, and 24. 70.0% of patients with HBV-miR-3 < 3log at week 12 achieved HBeAg seroconversion, otherwise, with HBV-miR-3 > 6log at week 12 no patient obtained HBeAg seroconversion. Conbination of HBV-miR-3 and HBeAg is more strongly predictive of HBeAg seroconversion (83.64%) at week 12. HBV-miR-3 is new biomarker for HBV replication and positively correlated to HBV replication. HBV-miR-3 is also an early predictor of HBeAg seroconversion in the patients treated with PegIFN-α.
Connectionist technique estimates of hydrogen storage capacity on metal hydrides using hybrid GAPSO-LSSVM approach
Authors: Maghsoudy Sina , Zakerabbasi Pouya , Baghban Alireza , Esmaeili Amin , Habibzadeh Sajjad
Published: January 2024

The AB2metal hydrides are one of the preferred choices for hydrogen storage. Meanwhile, the estimation of hydrogen storage capacity will accelerate their development procedure. Machine learning algorithms can predict the correlation between the metal hydride chemical composition and its hydrogen storage capacity. With this purpose, a total number of 244 pairs of AB2alloys including the elements and their respective hydrogen storage capacity were collected from the literature. In the present study, three machine learning algorithms including GA-LSSVM, PSO-LSSVM, and HGAPSO-LSSVM were employed. These models were able to appropriately predict the hydrogen storage capacity in the AB2metal hydrides. So the HGAPSO-LSSVM model had the highest accuracy. In this model, the statistical factors of R2, STD, MSE, RMSE, and MRE were 0.980, 0.043, 0.0020, 0.045, and 0.972%, respectively. The sensitivity analysis of the input variables also illustrated that the Sn, Co, and Ni elements had the highest effect on the amount of hydrogen storage capacity in AB2metal hydrides.
Evaluation of the functional outcome and mobility of patients after stroke depending on their cognitive state
Authors: Guzek Zbigniew , Dziubek Wioletta , Stefańska Małgorzata , Kowalska Joanna
Published: January 2024

The study aimed to analyze the functional outcome and mobility in stroke patients depending on their cognitive state. 180 patients after first stroke were divided into four groups: 48 patients without symptoms of cognitive impairment (G1); 38 with mild cognitive impairment without dementia (G2); 47 with mild dementia (G3); 47 with moderate dementia (G4). The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Barthel Index (BI), Sitting Assessment Scale (SAS), Berg Balance Scale, Trunk Control Test and Test Up & Go were used. The tests were carried out at the time of admission to the ward (T1) and at the time of discharge (T2). A statistically significant improvement was demonstrated in all parameters in almost all groups. No significant difference was observed only in groups G1 and G4 in SAS head. Statistically significant differences in BI results in T2 between groups G1 and G4 were noted. The lowest change in BI was observed in the G4. Regression analysis showed that MMSE and BI at T1 and MMSE score at T2 explained the functional status at T2. Cognitive dysfunction at the time of admission to the ward and discharge may determining the patient's functional status at the time of discharge from the ward.
Response of winter climate and extreme weather to projected Arctic sea-ice loss in very large-ensemble climate model simulations
Authors: Ye Kunhui , Woollings Tim , Sparrow Sarah N. , Watson Peter A. G. , Screen James A.
Published: January 2024

Very large (~2000 members) initial-condition ensemble simulations have been performed to advance understanding of mean climate and extreme weather responses to projected Arctic sea-ice loss under 2 °C global warming above preindustrial levels. These simulations better sample internal atmospheric variability and extremes for each model compared to those from the Polar Amplification Model Intercomparison Project (PAMIP). The mean climate response is mostly consistent with that from the PAMIP multi-model ensemble, including tropospheric warming, reduced midlatitude westerlies and storm track activity, an equatorward shift of the eddy-driven jet and increased mid-to-high latitude blocking. Two resolutions of the same model exhibit significant differences in the stratospheric circulation response; however, these differences only weakly modulate the tropospheric response. The response of temperature and precipitation extremes largely follows the seasonal-mean response. Sub-sampling confirms that large ensembles (e.g. ≥400) are needed to robustly estimate the seasonal-mean large-scale circulation response, and very large ensembles (e.g. ≥1000) for regional climate and extremes.
Genome-wide association identifies novel ROP risk loci in a multiethnic cohort
Authors: Li Xiaohui , Owen Leah A. , Taylor Kent D. , Ostmo Susan , Chen Yii-Der Ida , Coyner Aaron S. , Sonmez Kemal , Hartnett M. Elizabeth , Guo Xiuqing , Ipp Eli , Roll Kathryn , Genter Pauline , Chan R. V. Paul , DeAngelis Margaret M. , Chiang Michael F. , Campbell J. Peter , Rotter Jerome I. ,   on behalf of the i-ROP Consortium, Campbell J. Peter , Ostmo Susan , Coyner Aaron , Young Benjamin K. , Kim Sang Jin , Sonmez Kemal , Schelonka Robert , Chiang Michael F. , Chan R. V. Paul , Jonas Karyn , Kolli Bhavana , Horowitz Jason , Coki Osode , Eccles Cheryl-Ann , Sarna Leora , Orlin Anton , Berrocal Audina , Negron Catherin , Denser Kimberly , Cumming Kristi , Osentoski Tammy , Check Tammy , Zajechowski Mary , Lee Thomas , Nagiel Aaron , Kruger Evan , McGovern Kathryn , Contractor Dilshad , Havunjian Margaret , Simmons Charles , Murthy Raghu , Galvis Sharon , Rotter Jerome , Chen Ida , Li Xiaohui , Taylor Kent , Roll Kaye , Owen Leah , Lucci Lucia , Hartnett Mary Elizabeth , Moshfeghi Darius , Nunez Mariana , Weinberg-Smith Zac , Kalpathy-Cramer Jayashree , Erdogmus Deniz , Ioannidis Stratis , Martinez-Castellanos Maria Ana , SalinasLongoria Samantha , Romero Rafael , Arriola Andrea , Olguin-Manriquez Francisco , Meraz-Gutierrez Miroslava , Dulanto-Reinoso Carlos M. , Montero-Mendoza Cristina
Published: January 2024

We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a multiethnic cohort of 920 at-risk infants for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a major cause of childhood blindness, identifying 1 locus at genome-wide significance level (p < 5×10-8) and 9 with significance of p < 5×10-6 for ROP ≥ stage 3. The most significant locus, rs2058019, reached genome-wide significance within the full multiethnic cohort (p = 4.96×10-9); Hispanic and European Ancestry infants driving the association. The lead single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) falls in an intronic region within the Glioma-associated oncogene family zinc finger 3 (GLI3) gene. Relevance for GLI3 and other top-associated genes to human ocular disease was substantiated through in-silico extension analyses, genetic risk score analysis and expression profiling in human donor eye tissues. Thus, we identify a novel locus at GLI3 with relevance to retinal biology, supporting genetic susceptibilities for ROP risk with possible variability by race and ethnicity.
From structural polymorphism to structural metamorphosis of the coat protein of flexuous filamentous potato virus Y
Authors: Kavčič Luka , Kežar Andreja , Koritnik Neža , Žnidarič Magda Tušek , Klobučar Tajda , Vičič Žiga , Merzel Franci , Holden Ellie , Benesch Justin L. P. , Podobnik Marjetka
Published: January 2024

The structural diversity and tunability of the capsid proteins (CPs) of various icosahedral and rod-shaped viruses have been well studied and exploited in the development of smart hybrid nanoparticles. However, the potential of CPs of the wide-spread flexuous filamentous plant viruses remains to be explored. Here, we show that we can control the shape, size, RNA encapsidation ability, symmetry, stability and surface functionalization of nanoparticles through structure-based design of CP from potato virus Y (PVY). We provide high-resolution insight into CP-based self-assemblies, ranging from large polymorphic or monomorphic filaments to smaller annular, cubic or spherical particles. Furthermore, we show that we can prevent CP self-assembly in bacteria by fusion with a cleavable protein, enabling controlled nanoparticle formation in vitro. Understanding the remarkable structural diversity of PVY CP not only provides possibilities for the production of biodegradable nanoparticles, but may also advance future studies of CP’s polymorphism in a biological context.
Extrapolation study for determining the time since injury in a rat subcutaneous hematoma model utilizing ATR-FTIR spectroscopy
Authors: He Xin , Bian Cunhao , Wang Hanting , Zhang Yongtai , Ding Xuan , Li Hongwei , Wang Qi , Li Jianbo
Published: January 2024

Establishment and injury time extrapolation of a rat subcutaneous hematoma model.
Urease catalyzed high-density sodium alginate microspheres enable high oral bioavailability of macromolecular drugs
Authors: Jiang Yicheng , Mi Li , Xu Xiang , Hii Adric Ru Khiing , Wu Zhenghong , Qi Xiaole
Published: January 2024

The Ins/Ur/MgO@SA microsphere exhibits rapid settling in the stomach and deep penetration into the mucus layer via urease-catalyzed urea hydrolysis, thereby enhancing the bioavailability of macromolecular drugs by overcoming acid, enzyme, and mucus barriers in the gastric environment.
Buffer solution induced highly crystalline sodium-rich Prussian blue for sodium storage
Authors: Wang Peiyuan , Zhu Denggui , Li Yonghao , Liu Yinghui , Zhao Wenge , Zhang Yonghui , Sun Shumin , Fang Shaoming
Published: January 2024

The HAc–NaAc buffer can provide a low and relatively stable proton concentration for the slow decomposition of sodium ferrocyanide and highly crystalline sodium-rich Prussian blue with low [Fe(CN)6] vacancies and coordinated water can be obtained.
Hydrogen spillover on N-doped carbon coating improves the hydrogenation performance of nickel catalysts
Authors: Arpini Bruno Henrique , Fiorio Jhonatan Luiz , da Costa João Victor Ferreira , Joswig Jan-Ole , Rossi Liane Marcia
Published: January 2024

Ni@N-doped carbon exhibits superior hydrogenation activity than RANEY® nickel. The high activity was attributed to hydrogen spillover from Ni to N-doped carbon, which also enhances CO poisoning resistance.
Interfacial engineering boosting the photocatalytic performance of a CdS/C3N5 heterojunction for organic pollutant degradation: mechanism, degradation pathway, and DFT calculation
Authors: Wang Jian , Chen Derui , Ma Chenwei , Du Yuanjing , Che Huinan , Ao Yanhui
Published: January 2024

Theoretical calculation based on the DFT Fukui index.
Elevated levels of environmental radioactivity in fluvial sediment: origin and health risk assessment
Authors: Habib Md. Ahosan , Akhi Sayma Zahan , Khan Rahat , Phoungthong Khamphe , Basir Md. Samium , Anik Amit Hasan , Islam A. R. M. Towfiqul , Idris Abubakr M.
Published: January 2024

To study the geogenic processes of naturally occurring radioactive materials' distribution, a transboundary Himalayan river (Punarbhaba) is chosen due to its trivial anthropogenic impacts.
Effect of beta glucan coating on controlled release, bioaccessibility, and absorption of β-carotene from loaded liposomes
Authors: Niaz Taskeen , Mackie Alan
Published: January 2024

Recently, the use of biopolymers as coating material to stabilise phospholipid-based nanocarriers has increased.
Rapid detection of Salmonella using an aptamer-functionalized PDA liposome sensor with naked-eye colorimetric sensing
Authors: Lee Goeun , Kim Byeongsung , Jang Inseung , Il Kim Moon , Shin Seunghan , Kwon Kiok
Published: January 2024

Our study presents a PDA-based liposome sensor detecting Salmonella rapidly and accurately via colorimetric response. Functionalized with a Salmonella-binding aptamer, this sensor achieves detection within 15 minutes, visible to the naked eye.
Robust myco-composites: a biocomposite platform for versatile hybrid-living materials
Authors: Shen Sabrina C. , Lee Nicolas A. , Lockett William J. , Acuil Aliai D. , Gazdus Hannah B. , Spitzer Branden N. , Buehler Markus J.
Published: January 2024

We report the development of strong and robust myco-composites compatible with additive manufacturing. We exemplify unique applications of this hybrid-living materials platform with fabrication of bio-welded containers and flexible mycelium textiles.
A UV non-hydrogen pure selenite nonlinear optical material for achieving balanced properties through framework-optimized structural transformation
Authors: Li Peng-Fei , Hu Chun-Li , Mao Jiang-Gao , Kong Fang
Published: January 2024

NCS NaLu(SeO3)2 was designed by framework-optimized structural transformation from CS NaGa(SeO3)2. NaLu(SeO3)2 exhibits large SHG responses, a wide band gap, a short UV cut-off edge, high LIDT, sufficient birefringence and high thermal stability.
Effect of copper loading on synergism in CuO/CeO2 nanorod catalysts for toluene combustion
Authors: Gao Xin , Yun Jianyu , Deng Linlin , Yi Xiaokun , Teng Zihao , Wang Yifan , Dou Baojuan , Bin Feng
Published: January 2024

CuO/CeO2 catalysts were widely studied as an alternative to precious metal catalysts, and the Cu–Ce synergy was essential to improve the catalytic performance.
Electrochemical oxidative cross coupling of NH-sulfoximines with disulfides
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Hu Meiqian , Qin Changsheng , Wang Shoucai , Ji Fanghua , Jiang Guangbin
Published: January 2024

An electrochemical method for thioetherification of NH-sulfoximines with disulfides is reported. The utilization of electrochemistry for facilitating these reactions eliminates the necessity for external oxidants, bases, and metal catalysts.
Effect of coat-protein concentration on the self-assembly of bacteriophage MS2 capsids around RNA
Authors: Williams LaNell A. , Neophytou Andreas , Garmann Rees F. , Chakrabarti Dwaipayan , Manoharan Vinothan N.
Published: January 2024

Self-assembly of virus RNA and protein leads to increasingly complex structures with increasing protein concentration.
Surface modification effect on contrast agent efficiency for X-ray based spectral photon-counting scanner/luminescence imaging: from fundamental study to in vivo proof of concept
Authors: Cuau Loic , Akl Pia , Gautheron A. , Houmeau Angèle , Chaput Frédéric , Yaromina Ala , Dubois Ludwig , Lambin Philippe , Karpati Szilvia , Parola Stephane , Rezaeifar B. , Langlois Jean-Baptiste , Si-Mohamed Salim A. , Montcel Bruno , Douek Philippe , Lerouge Frederic
Published: January 2024

X-Ray imaging techniques are among the most widely used modalities in medical imaging and their constant evolution has led to the emergence of new technologies.
‘When is a hotspot a good nanospot’ – review of analytical and hotspot-dominated surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy nanoplatforms
Authors: Hardy Mike , Goldberg Oppenheimer Pola
Published: January 2024

Substrate development in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) continues to attract research interest.
Methanol recovery: potential of nanolaminate organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) membranes
Authors: Baysal Tuğba , Güvensoy-Morkoyun Aysa , Tantekin-Ersolmaz Ş. Birgül , Velioğlu Sadiye
Published: January 2024

Researchers have made a significant breakthrough by merging the energy-saving attribute of organic solvent nanofiltration with the remarkable solvent permeance and solute rejection of two-dimensional (2D) laminated membranes.
Fast detection of hypobromous acid in cells and the water environment using a lysosome-targeted fluorescent probe
Authors: Du Quan-Rong , Peng Min , Tian Yang , Yao Xue , Zheng Jianfeng , Peng Yu , Wang Ya-Wen
Published: January 2024

A new fluorescent probe SWJT-23 with lysosomal targeting ability for detection of HBrO was designed and synthesized.
DNA nanocrane-based catalysts for region-specific protein modification
Authors: Keijzer Jordi F. , Albada Bauke
Published: January 2024

Catalytic DNA-based nanocranes are developed for modification of a target protein in E. coli cell lysate. Trigger-responsive protein-selective modification in this demanding environment was also shown, revealing the potential of such constructs.
Effects of hard nanoconfinement on polystyrene synthesized inside a complex mesoporous material KIT-6
Authors: do Nascimento Batista Luciano , da Silva San Gil Rosane Aguiar , Bruno Tavares Maria Inês
Published: January 2024

We exploited the effect of nanoconfinement on polymers synthesized under spatial confinement using a rigid complex nanostructure.
Enantioselective total syntheses of (−)-mitragynine, (−)-quinine and (+)-quinidine enabled by Ir-catalysed asymmetric hydrogenation of all-carbon tetrasubstituted cycloalkenes
Authors: Zhang Kai , Cui Peng , Miao Miao , Zeng Meiqi , Wang Xu , Zhang Minjie , Chen Qifeng , Song Hao , Ke Bowen , Qin Yong
Published: January 2024

Syntheses of (−)-mitragynine, (−)-quinine and (+)-quinidine are reported based on Ir-catalysed asymmetric hydrogenation of tetrasubstituted α-acylpyrazole-β-alkyl cycloalkenes to construct piperidine rings bearing 1,2-contiguous cis-stereocenters in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities.
Effect of the bulkiness of alkyl ligands on the excited-state dynamics of ZnO nanocrystals
Authors: Toyota Yuto , Sagawa Masahiko , Yamashita Shohei , Okayasu Yoshinori , Nagai Yuki , Okada Yohei , Kobayashi Yoichi
Published: January 2024

The effect of molecular structures of alkyl groups of alkyl phosphonic ligands on excited-state dynamics of colloidal ZnO nanocrystals was investigated.
Emerging environmentally friendly bio-based nanocomposites for the efficient removal of dyes and micropollutants from wastewater by adsorption: a comprehensive review
Authors: Al-Gethami Wafa , Qamar Muhammad Azam , Shariq Mohammad , Alaghaz Abdel-Nasser M. A. , Farhan Ahmad , Areshi Ashwaq A. , Alnasir M. Hisham
Published: January 2024

Water scarcity will worsen due to population growth, urbanization, and climate change.
Gemological characteristics and inclusions of green rutilated quartz from Huanggangliang, Inner Mongolia
Authors: Zhao ShuXin , Li Tao , Guo Qingfeng , Liu LiangYu , Rao Yinghua , Liao Libing
Published: January 2024

Normally, various minerals exist in quartz as inclusions.
Insights into colistin-mediated fluorescence labelling of bacterial LPS
Authors: Mandal Saurodeep , Patra Dipanwita , Mandal Sukhendu , Das Gourab Kanti , Sahoo Prithidipa
Published: January 2024

Indirect labelling of the lipopolysaccharide of Gram-negative bacteria by fluorescence turn-on signalling and computational calculations.
LEGO-lipophosphonoxins: length of hydrophobic module affects permeabilizing activity in target membranes of different phospholipid composition
Authors: Dugić Milica , Brzobohatá Hana , Mojr Viktor , Dolejšová Tereza , Lišková Petra , Do Pham Duy Dinh , Rejman Dominik , Mikušová Gabriela , Fišer Radovan
Published: January 2024

We developed modular antimicrobial compounds capable of inducing cytoplasmic membrane perforation. This structure–activity relationship study focuses on the role of the length of their alkenyl hydrophobic module.
Characteristics and catalytic behavior of Ru–Sn bimetallic catalysts for TMCB hydrogenation to CBDO
Authors: Zhen Hao , Zhou Xin , Yang Jinsheng , Liu Yanqing , Jin Haibo , Yang Suohe , He Guangxiang , Ma Lei
Published: January 2024

A series of Ru–Sn/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were prepared by the immersion method for tetramethylcyclobutane-1,3-dione (TMCB) hydrogenation to prepare 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol (CBDO).
Organocatalyzed [4 + 2] cycloaddition of α,β-unsaturated ketones and isatylidene malononitrile: accessing spiro[3-arylcyclohexanone]oxindole derivatives
Authors: Patil Baliram R. , Nichinde Chandrakant B. , Chaudhari Suryakant S. , Krishna Gamidi Rama , Kinage Anil K.
Published: January 2024

An l-proline catalyzed-Barbas-[4 + 2]-cycloaddition reaction is reported for the synthesis of spiro[3-arylcyclohexanone]oxindole derivatives. The method can tolerate a diverse substrate scope with high yields.
Enantioselective synthesis of [1,1′-binaphthalene]-8,8′-diyl bis(diphenylphosphane) and its derivatives
Authors: Tang Yao , Yuan Qingkai , Zhang Sai , Wang Jia-Yin , Surowiec Kazimierz , Li Guigen
Published: January 2024

A new chiral phosphine ligand and its diol derivative have been designed and synthesized asymmetrically.
Injectable hydrogels doped with PDA nanoparticles for photothermal bacterial inhibition and rapid wound healing in vitro
Authors: Wei Ying , Fu Junhua , Liu Enrui , Gao Junru , Lv Yaqing , Li Zhenlu
Published: January 2024

Schematic illustration of the network structure of and wound repair by GMH/PDA hydrogel.
Improving the energy yield of plasma-based NOx synthesis with in situ adsorption
Authors: Rouwenhorst Kevin Hendrik Reindert , Tabak Sybe , Lefferts Leon
Published: January 2024

Conversion of O2 and N2 to NOx in a cold plasma suffers from the fact that plasma also activates NOx, resulting in decomposition. This is mitigated by adsorbing NOx on MgO, protecting NOx product molecules for the plasma.
Effect of water content on the homogeneous catalytic process of N-vinyl pyrrolidone synthesis from acetylene
Authors: Fan Jiahe , Mu Yao , Qian Shuairen , Chu Bozhao , Zhong Siqing , Cheng Yi
Published: January 2024

The mechanism of how water content influences the reaction process is clarified and a one-step synthesis of NVP without water removal is implemented.
109Ag NMR chemical shift as a descriptor for Brønsted acidity from molecules to materials
Authors: Hansen Colin , Docherty Scott R. , Cao Weicheng , Yakimov Alexander V. , Copéret Christophe
Published: January 2024

A fresh perspective on surface acidity: exploiting the isolobal relationship between Ag(i)-cations and protons, NMR chemical shifts provide insights into the strength and speciation of BrØnsted-acid sites present at the surface of oxide supports.
Unravelling the carbonate issue through the regulation of mass transport and charge transfer in mild acid
Authors: Zhang Zhongshuo , Lu Qian , Sun Jiping , Li Guangchao , Wu Weixing , Xu Zhanyou , Xu Liangpang , Wang Ying
Published: January 2024

Regulating the electrolyte hydrodynamics substantially reduces the proton diffusion length by 80%, which promotes the recovery of carbonate and leads to enhanced single-pass utilization of CO2 in mild acidic electrolyte.
Effect of Pb 6s2 lone pair on the potential flattening of fluoride-ion conduction in perovskite-type fluoride
Authors: Matsui Naoki , Murakami Miwa , Mori Kazuhiro , Saito Takashi , Shimizu Keisuke , Suzuki Kota , Kanno Ryoji
Published: January 2024

Cubic CsPb0.9K0.1F2.9 exhibits an exceptionally low activation energy of 7.9 kJ mol−1 for fluoride-ion conductivity. DFT analysis has revealed that the localised lone pair in the PbF5 polyhedron stabilises the saddle-point structure.
A hydrophobic phenolic polymer layer with high-flux Zn2+-specific regular channels for stabilizing aqueous zinc anodes
Authors: Shu Tie , Yang Xin , Huang Zhou , Qiao Min , Ning Jiaoyi , Li Kailin , Zhang Yuxin , Li Liang , Liu Xin , Yao Ke Xin
Published: January 2024

The polymer layer harmonizes Zn2+ flux and hydrophobicity, mediating zinc deposition.
Suppression of long-chain lithium polysulfide formation through a selenium-doped linear sulfur copolymer cathode for high-performance lithium–organosulfur batteries
Authors: Ren Longtao , Qiao Lu , Pato Abdul Hameed , Liu Jun , Wang Yan , Lu Xiwen , Zhao Yajun , Wang Qian , Liu Wen , Xu Haijun , Sun Xiaoming
Published: January 2024

A novel organosulfur cathode material for practical Li–S batteries was developed, featuring a selenium-doped linear sulfur chain bonded to a trithiocyanuric acid copolymer (SexS-TTCA).
Unlocking the resistive switching in Acacia Senegal-based electrolyte for neuromorphic computation
Authors: Lokhandwala Aziz , Thakkar Parth , Gosai Jeny , Oza Suvik , Solanki Ankur
Published: January 2024

Herein, a new approach of utlizing the rheological properties of Acacia Senegal with sodium chloride electolyte is presented to demostrate the resistive switching, and synaptic characteristics.
Strategy of stacking double absorbers to gain high efficiency in silver antimony sulfide selenide-based thin film solar cell
Authors: Li Haoyang , Tang Hua , Yu Junsheng , Cheng Jiang , Li Lu
Published: January 2024

A double absorber solar cell based on AgSb(S,Se)2 is designed. Films are prepared by spray pyrolysis; a gradient band structure is obtained by selenization. The grains of the two absorption layers intersperse with each other at their interface to form a transition zone. A PCE of 3.57% is attained.
Multi-class machine learning classification of PFAS in environmental water samples: a blinded test of performance on unknowns
Authors: Kibbey Tohren C. G. , O'Carroll Denis M. , Safulko Andrew , Coyle Greg
Published: January 2024

A multi-class method was developed to identify PFAS origin based on chemical composition, and performance of the method was evaluated in a blinded test against unknowns. The method showed great promise in its ability to recognize sample origin.
A novel bidirectional DC–DC converter with high voltage conversion ratio and capability of cancelling input current ripple
Authors: Farajzadeh Kazem , Mohammadian Leila , Shahmohammadi Sima , Abedinzadeh Taher
Published: January 2024

This paper proposes a novel bidirectional DC–DC converter with high voltage conversion ratio and capability of cancelling input current ripple. The proposed converter uses two coupled inductors and switched‐capacitor circuit to increase the voltage conversion ratio. The input current ripple at low voltage side can be eliminated for a pre‐selected duty cycle by adjusting special values of magnetizing inductances of coupled inductors. The input current is divided into two paths of the primary winding of coupled inductors that causes the decrease in the current stresses of switches. The proposed converter has five switches that consist the internal diodes of switches to bring about bidirectional power flow and have boost and buck operations. Here, the proposed topology is analysed in all operating modes and the current and voltage stresses of switches, input current ripple cancelling condition and voltage conversion ratio are calculated. Finally, the accuracy performance of the proposed converter is reconfirmed through EMTDC/PSCAD simulation and experimental results for boost operations.
The Influence of Curing Treatments on Compressive Strength and Durability of Geopolymer Paving Blocks
Authors: Chairunnisa Nursiah , Triandika June Ragil , Nurwidayati Ratni , Yuniati Pratiwi Ade
Published: January 2024

The current study focused on developing geopolymer paving blocks for infrastructure facilities utilizing industrial wastes. This research investigated the effect of various curing treatments on the compressive strength and durability of geopolymer paving blocks. Three curing methods, such as laying to room temperature, moist curing covered by a wet cloth sheet and total immersion in artificial acidic water, were studied. The geopolymer paver specimen was produced by mixing low calcium of fly ash, sand, and alkali activator, such as sodium silicate (Na₂SiO₃) with 8M and 10M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with a ratio of 2.5. The hydraulic press machine was then used for pressing the specimen. The evaluation of these specimens included assessing their compressive strength, water absorption, resistance to sodium sulfate, and density following recommended standards. The results indicated that the geopolymer paver cured by total immersion in artificial acid water exhibited worse performance in strength and durability than the other two curing methods. The highest compressive strength, exceeding 35 MPa, categorizing it as class A, was achieved by the specimens subjected to moist curing. All geopolymer paving block specimens are suitable for various applications, pedestrian zones and city parks.
Laboratory test of physical, rheological, and chemical characteristics of aging binder modified with ZycoTherm and Evotherm
Authors: Adly Emil , Chen Shih Huang , Aditana Putri , Widodo Wahyu
Published: January 2024

The research aims to comprehensively assess the impact of anti-stripping agents ZycoTherm and Evotherm M1 on Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA). The study employs a range of laboratory tests to investigate the rheological and chemical properties of modified asphalt. Conventional tests such as penetration and ring & ball softening points are employed alongside advanced techniques including Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR), and Linear Amplitude Sweep (LAS) analyses to delve into the rheological properties. Chemical properties (SARA) were analyzed using thin-layer chromatography. Both short-term aging (STA) using The Rolling Thin-Film Oven (RTFO) and long-term aging (LTA) based on the Universal Simple Aging Test are simulated under controlled laboratory conditions. It was found in conventional tests that the value changed, but not significantly. In terms of rutting and fatigue performance, Zyc 0.05% showed positive results. Fatigue behavior shows Zyc has better resistance. The asphalt fractional composition test showed changes in each age condition.
The Potential Causes of Contractual Change Orders Sourced from The Construction Phase of The Building Project
Authors: Nurisra  , Mubarak  , Mahmuddin  , Ridha Hariska Mela
Published: January 2024

The process of implementing construction projects often encounters changes. One of these changes is the change order. After recognizing its existence, the change is formalized by the issuance of a change order, which is a document that describes the scope of the change and its impact on project performance. If agreement is not reached between project participants on the changes, it becomes a claim or dispute that can negatively affect project implementation and reduce the chances of project success. Changes in construction projects are frequent and can occur from many different sources, for many different reasons, at any phase of the project and can have far-reaching impacts. This study aims to identify the factors that cause Contractual Change Order (CCO) to arise during the construction phase of building projects in Banda Aceh. This study uses a quantitative method with data collection techniques through distributing questionnaires to 36 contractor companies in Banda Aceh City. Data testing was done with validity and reliability tests, while the data analysis used was descriptive. From the research results, 16 CCO factors were identified during the construction project implementation phase. It was determined the two main causes of change orders from the contractors` view are bad weather conditions and soil conditions.