bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The OrbiTOF Mass Analyzer: Time-of-Flight Analysis via an Orbitrap Quadro-Logarithmic Field with Periodic Drift Focusing.
Authors: Giannakopulos Anastassios , Stewart Hamish , Grinfeld Dmitry , Hock Christian , Balschun Wilko , Biel Matthias , Makarov Alexander
Published: May 2024

Thermo Scientific™ Orbitrap™ analyzers represent prominent class of high-resolution mass analyzer commonly used in life sciences, and for interrogation of complex samples. Injected ions, trapped within a quadro-logarithmic field, orbit a central electrode and oscillate up and down the axis. A new class of multi-reflection time-of-flight mass analyzer has been developed based on the Orbitrap field structure plus an additional series of periodic lenses wrapped around the central axis to constrain beam dispersion. The axial and angular velocity of the injected ions was balanced so that with each axial oscillation, the ions passed through the next lens in the series, to form a tightly folded 25-metre long, 3-dimensional ion path, ending with ions striking a detector surface. Performance was interrogated via experiment and simulation. 70k resolving power was observed within the relatively compact analyzer, albeit at cost to transmission. A larger design with an integrated extraction trap and greater flight energy is discussed.
Graphene and Graphene Oxide (Raman Spectroscopy)
Authors: Sparavigna Amelia Carolina
Published: May 2024

In previous discussions we have considered the Raman spectra of specific carbon-based materials, such as diamond, graphite, and the biochar resulting from pyrolysis of biomass. We have shown how the spectra can be decomposed, according to the intended number of components and the considered line shapes. Here, we approach the Raman spectra of graphene and graphene oxide, to understand how many components are required to interpret the related fingerprints.
Correcting dispersion corrections with density-corrected DFT
Authors: Lee Minhyeok , Kim Byeongjae , Sim Mingyu , Sogal Mihira , Kim Youngsam , Yu Hayoung , Burke Kieron , Sim Eunji
Published: May 2024

Almost all empirical parameterizations of dispersion corrections in DFT use only energy errors, thereby mixing functional and density-driven errors. We introduce density and dispersion-corrected DFT (D2C-DFT), a dual-calibration approach that accounts for density delocalization errors when parametrizing dispersion interactions. We simply exclude density-sensitive reactions from the training data. We find a significant reduction in both errors and variation among several semilocal functionals and their global hybrids when tailored dispersion corrections are employed with Hartree-Fock densities.
A deep-red fluorogenic antimicrobial peptide for rapid wash-free staining and detection of bacteria
Authors: Weiss Lucille , Mirloup Antoine , Blondé Léa , Manko Hanna , Peluso Jean , Bonnet Dominique , Dziuba Dmytro , Karpenko Julie
Published: May 2024

Fluorescent probes for rapid staining and detection of bacteria are needed for the diagnostics of bacterial infections as a measure for mitigating the dissemination of antibiotic resistance. Here we report the design, synthesis and characterization of bacteria-targeting fluorogenic peptides incorporating Alared, an environmentally sensitive fluorescent unnatural amino acid based on the Nile Red fluorophore. The new peptide-based probe named UNR-1 displayed deep-red emission (λmax = 665 nm) and enabled rapid add-and-read fluorescence staining of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria under no-wash conditions, while also exhibiting selectivity over mammalian cells. The probe was compatible with fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry and was used for the detection of E. coli in conditions mimicking bacteriuria.
Fragment Library of Colombian Natural Products: Generation and Comparative Chemoinformatic Analysis
Authors: Chávez-Hernández Ana L. , Rodriguez-Pérez Johny R. , Cortés-Hernández Hector F. , Valencia-Sanchez Hoover A. , Chávez-Fumagalli Miguel Á. , Medina-Franco Jose L.
Published: May 2024

Fragment libraries have a major significance in drug discovery due to their role in de novo design and enumerating large and ultra-large compound libraries. Although several fragment libraries are commercially available, most are derived from synthetic compounds. The number of fragment libraries derived from natural products is still being determined. Still, they represent a rich source of building blocks to generate pseudo-natural products and bioactive synthetic compounds inspired by natural products. In this work, we generated and analyzed a fragment library of natural products from Colombia, a geographical region highly diverse for which fragment libraries have yet to be reported. We also generated and reported fragment libraries of three novel natural product libraries and, as a reference, the most updated version of FDA-approved drugs. In line with the principles of open science, the fragment libraries developed in this study are freely available.
Vinyl chloride synthesis via selective oxidative coupling of methyl chloride
Authors: Wang Yue , Zou Shihui , Nabera Abhinandan , Pan Yang , Chen Xutao , Wei Kunkun , Hu Jingbo , Zhao Yilin , Liu Chengyuan , Liu Juanjuan , Wang Yong , Guillén-Gosálbez Gonzalo , Pérez-Ramírez Javier , Fan Jie
Published: May 2024

Selective coupling of C1 platform molecules to C2 olefins is a cornerstone for establishing a sustainable chemical industry based on non petroleum sources1-3. Vinyl chloride (C2H3Cl), one of top commodity petrochemicals, is commercially produced from coal or oil derived C2 hydrocarbon (acetylene and ethylene) feedstocks with a high carbon footprint4-6. Here, we report a vinyl chloride synthesis via selective oxidative coupling of methyl chloride. This is enabled by a solid catalyst, featuring tungstate sub nanoclusters embedded in a zirconia matrix, which effectively captures CH2Cl radicals homogeneously generated in CH3Cl oxy pyrolysis and selectively couples them into C2H3Cl. In situ synchrotron based vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry provides direct experimental evidence of the homogeneous heterogeneous reaction mechanism. The process achieves methyl chloride conversion of 10 – 65% with a high vinyl chloride selectivity (60 – 75%) at a reaction temperature (600 – 750 °C), which is much lower than the traditional pyrolysis (> 850 °C). It also delivers a stable performance (at a vinyl chloride yield of ca. 30%) with no deactivation observed during a 50 hour test. Furthermore, combining with reaction of methanol and HCl to produce methyl chloride, we establish a methanol to vinyl chloride (MTV) route with the potential for significant reductions in climate change impact (24%) and cost (38%) compared to the state of the art ethylene based balanced process, allowing for the efficient utilization of cheaper and renewable C1 feedstocks.
The relationship between mechanical dyssynchrony of the left ventricular myocardium and the number of affected coronary arteries in patients with coronary heart disease who underwent revascularization
Authors: Mehtieva Fatma Barat kyzy , Bilchenko O.V.
Published: May 2024

Background. A promising method for early detection of myocardial dysfunction is the evaluation of mechanical dyssynchrony of the left ventricular myocardium, the prognostic value of which in the diagnosis of 3-vessel lesions was shown only in a single study and requires further confirmation. Purpose – to assess the relationship between the number of affected coronary arteries and the presence of mechanical dyssynchrony of the myocardium, and its significance in predicting 3-vessel lesions in patients with coronary heart disease. Materials and Methods. 134 patients who underwent coronary angiography with revascularization of coronary arteries were included in the study. Patients were divided into comparison groups depending on the number of affected coronary arteries (without lesions, one, two and three coronary arteries). Variables of mechanical myocardial dyssynchrony were determined for all patients by ultrasound examination of the heart using Doppler examination and synchronization with the ECG. Results. The largest relative number of patients with myocardial dyssynchrony was observed in the group with lesions of 3 coronary arteries – 23 (52%). The presence of myocardial dyssynchrony had a significant correlation with SYNTAX SCORE (r=0.18, p=0.035). The aortic pre-ejection interval in the group of patients with lesions of 3 coronary arteries was significantly longer compared to the group of patients without lesions of the coronary arteries, however, the pulmonary pre-ejection interval was the same in the comparison groups. As a result of this difference, interventricular mechanical delay was significantly greater in the group of patients with occlusion of 3 coronary arteries (54,8±36,6 ms; р=0,043). The time to peak systolic velocity in the group of patients with lesions of 3 coronary arteries was significantly longer (32,1±8,0 ms; р=0,021) compared to the group of patients without atherosclerotic lesions, which was confirmed by a positive correlation (r=0.190, p=0.003). The ROC analysis of the predictive capabilities of the combination of the factors of the presence of myocardial dyssynchrony, left ventricular ejection fraction, interventricular mechanical delay, root mean square deviation of the time to the peak of systolic velocity, and the E/A ratio in relation to lesions of 3 coronary arteries showed sufficient sensitivity (0.89) and specificity (0.87). Conclusions. Patients with lesions to 3 coronary arteries have a significantly higher relative frequency of mechanical myocardial dyssynchrony compared to patients without and lesions of 1 or 2 coronary arteries; correlation of myocardial dyssynchrony with 3-vessel lesions and SYNTAX SCORE was also found. The combination of variables of myocardial dyssynchrony in terms of predicting 3-vessel occlusion of coronary arteries has sufficient sensitivity and specificity.
A Meta-Analysis of Pension Models for Patients with Mental Disorders
Authors: Zhu Yage , Chen Liangmei
Published: May 2024

Objective: To analyze the pension models available for patients with mental disorders and design a more suitable one. Methods: A total of 135 pieces of literature in the database of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) published from August 11, 1970, to November 17, 2022, were classified and analyzed. A knowledge map was drawn and the research context was sorted out from the aspects of temporal distribution, spatial distribution, research hotspots, and evolutionary trend, so as to reveal the research status and development trend in the field of pension for patients with mental disorders. Results: The temporal distribution of the literature in this review involved 20 disciplines, 41 papers, 2 information articles, 40 authors, 13 research levels, and 20 research institutions. In terms of research hotspots and evolutionary trends, the keywords “disability pension,” “pension institutions,” and “patients with mental disorders” play a fundamental role in the dynamic evolution and diversification of research topics in the field of the mental disorder pension model. Conclusion: There has been not much research on elderly care for patients with mental disorders, and it is still in the exploratory stage without a sustainable and stable research theme. In recent years, keywords such as “the combination of medical care,”“community care for the elderly,” and “intelligent care” for the elderly have become prominent and the number of related studies has increased, and the research quality in this field has also improved. Intelligent medical care for elderly patients with mental disorders will become the trend of future research.
Analysis of CDC’s Role in Public Health Emergencies
Authors: Jiang Zhaohua
Published: May 2024

Objective: To explore the role of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in public health emergencies. Methods: The details of 12 public health events that occurred between January 2021 to December 2022 were analyzed to explore the roles of the CDC. Results: There were 160 patients involved in 10 public health events in 2021 and 48 patients involved in 2 public health events in 2022. Besides, the proportion of school public health events in 2022 was 0%, which was lower than in 2021, which was 80% (P < 0.05). 99.38% of patients during public health events were sent to the hospital promptly in 2022, which was higher than that in 2021, which was 81.25% (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the average time taken for the CDC to control public health events in 2022 was 20.11 ± 1.62 hours, and the average time taken to send inspection reports was shorter than that in 2021. The public satisfaction score was also higher in 2022 compared to 2021 (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The role of the CDC is to control infectious diseases. Therefore, it is important to pinpoint the existing problems in the strategies implemented by the CDC so that more improvements can be made to better prevent infectious diseases.
The Effect of Comfort Nursing on the Compliance and Efficacy of Treatment for Children with Acute Otitis Media Caused by Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
Authors: Xu Jing , Qian Jun
Published: May 2024

Objective: To explore and analyze the clinical effect of comfort nursing on children with acute otitis media. Methods: 62 children with acute otitis media caused by upper respiratory tract infection who visited the outpatient clinic of our hospital from June 2022 to June 2023 were selected for this study. They were divided into a study group (n = 31) and a control group (n = 31). Children in the control group received basic care, while children in the study group received comfort nursing along with basic care. The hearing thresholds, body temperature, treatment compliance, and nursing satisfaction of the two groups of children were compared. Results: After the nursing intervention, the hearing threshold and average body temperature of the children in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05); the treatment compliance of the children in the study group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05); the nursing satisfaction of the study group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Comfort nursing can improve the treatment effect, treatment compliance, and nursing satisfaction of children with children with acute otitis media caused by upper respiratory tract infection.
Diversity of Intestinal Flora in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Early Nephropathy
Authors: Bao Nan , Ding Tong , Gao Yanting , Zhu Yanting , Wu Bing
Published: May 2024

Objective: To investigate the intestinal flora in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with early nephropathy. Methods: 43 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with early nephropathy (diabetic nephropathy group) and 51 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes mellitus group) admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, with 39 healthy people who underwent a physical examination in our hospital during the same period as the control group. The fecal specimens of the three groups were collected, and the 16S rDNAs of bacteria in the fecal samples were extracted, amplified, and sequenced for intestinal flora operational taxonomic unit (OTU) classification and Alpha diversity analysis. Results: (1) Intestinal flora OTUs: there were 545 intestinal flora OTUs unique to the control group, 424 intestinal flora OTUs unique to diabetic nephropathy, and 321 intestinal flora OTUs unique to the type 2 diabetes group. There were 403 intestinal flora OTUs common to the control group and diabetic nephropathy group, 256 intestinal flora OTUs common to the control group and type 2 diabetes group, and 298 intestinal flora OTUs common to the type 2 diabetes group and diabetic nephropathy group. 235 intestinal flora OTUs were common to all 3 groups of subjects. (2) Alpha diversity: The statistical analysis indicated that there was a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) in the Alpha diversity of intestinal flora, as assessed by the Ace index and Simpson’s index, among the three subject groups. However, no statistical significance (P > 0.05) was observed when comparing the Chao 1 index and Shannon index. Further observation of the Ace index and Simpson index in the three groups revealed that both the diabetic nephropathy group and the type 2 diabetes mellitus group had lower values than the control group. Conclusion: The diversity of intestinal flora decreases in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with early nephropathy.
Analysis of the Current Status and Influencing Factors of Family Members’ Collateral Stigma in Schizophrenia Patients
Authors: Li Min
Published: May 2024

Objective: To investigate the associated collateral stigma of the family members of schizophrenia patients and analyze its current status and influencing factors. Methods: The Link Depreciation-Discrimination Perception Scale was used to investigate the status quo of the associated stigma of the family members of 169 schizophrenia patients diagnosed in 4 hospitals in a certain province. The results of the investigation were analyzed and summarized. Results: The detection rate of stigma associated with the family members of schizophrenia patients was 72.78%, with a score of 28.41 ± 3.92 points. The main influencing factors were the family member’s education level, the patient’s illness duration, the family member’s occupation, and the family-patient relationship. Conclusion: The detection rate of stigma associated with schizophrenia was relatively high. This requires increased attention and appropriate nursing intervention.
Studi Review: Perbandingan Cadangan Karbon pada Tanah Gambut dan Tanah Mangrove
Authors: Zahro Lailatuz
Published: May 2024

Pemanasan global (global warming) merupakan salah satu bahasan penting yang menjadi perhatian banyak pihak di seluruh dunia. Salah satu upaya penurunan emisi karbon dapat dilakukan dengan pengurangan emisi karbon. Tanah merupakan salah satu Penyimpan karbon terbesar dalam ekosistem daratan. Dari berbagai macam jenis tanah, terdapat beberapa tanah yang mampu menyerap dan menyimpan karbon dengan baik, salah satunya seperti Tanah Gambut dan Tanah Mangrove. Tujuan dari penelitian ini dibuat adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa banyak dan besar perbedaan cadangan karbon dari kedua jenis tanah tersebut, Metode yang digunakan berupa literatur review dari berbagai sumber seperti jurnal, buku, artikel ilmiah, dokumentasi, internet, maupun kepustakaan lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cadangan karbon pada tanah Gambut berkisar antara 1.172- 9.055,922 ton/ha-1. Sedangkan cadangan karbon pada tanah mangrove berkisar antara 163,08 - 2.561,90 ton/ha. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa tanah gambut lebih mampu menyimpan cadangan karbon dengan kapasitas lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tanah mangrove. Namun hal ini dapat juga ditentukan oleh beberapa faktor lain.
Kata kunci: Tanah, Tanah Gambut, Tanah Mangrove, Cadangan Karbon
ABORDAGENS TERAPÊUTICAS E PREVENTIVAS NA DISPLASIA BRONCOPULMONAR EM RECÉM- NASCIDOS PREMATUROS
Authors: RIBEIRO KELLY DA SILVA CAVALCANTE , OLIVEIRA MAURÍCIO MARLON MOTA DE , SILVA SILAS BEZERRA DA , CALLADO LAÍS SANTOS DUARTE , SOUSA LIANA ÉRISSA LINHARES DE , GOMES MARIA EDUARDA DUARTE , SALMITO MARCELA DE ABREU E LIMA , SOUSA FRANCISCO LUCAS FERREIRA , RAMOS CRISLAYNE DE SOUSA , JORGE IGOR MARCEL CAFFARENA
Published: May 2024

Revisar as abordagens terapêuticas e preventivas utilizadas no manejo da displasia
broncopulmonar em recém-nascidos prematuros. Consiste em uma abrangente revisão da
literatura, conduzida no ano de 2024 por meio da análise de dados provenientes das bases

de dados LILACS e MEDLINE. O manejo da displasia broncopulmonar em recém-
nascidos prematuros envolve medidas preventivas e terapêuticas. Isso inclui

administração pré-natal de corticosteroides, ventilação mecânica, fisioterapia
respiratória, suplementação com melatonina e vitamina A, além de uso estratégico de
corticosteroides e óxido nítrico. gestão da displasia broncopulmonar requer uma
abordagem integrada, que combina medidas preventivas e terapêuticas para otimizar os
resultados a longo prazo. É fundamental continuar a investir em pesquisa para
desenvolver e refinar ainda mais as estratégias de manejo, visando melhorar a qualidade

de vida e reduzir as complicações associadas a essa condição desafiadora em recém-
nascidos prematuros.
VIOLÊNCIA DE GÊNERO E SAÚDE PÚBLICA: ENFRENTANDO O PROBLEMA
Authors: FRANCO NATÁLIA SANTOS , PEREIRA ALINE DA SILVA , ALVES JONATHAS RODRIGO NASCIMENTO , CORREIA ERISELMA ALVES , FERREIRA ALLAN BERTHIER SILVA , SILVA CÁSSIA MARA ALEXANDRINO , DEUS RAFAELLA XAVIER DE , NASCIMENTO ANDRESSA MARIA SILVA , SOARES MARIA DA SILVA , PAULO ALANA CÂNDIDO
Published: May 2024

Identificar como as políticas de saúde pública podem ser aprimoradas para prevenir a
violência de gênero. O estudo trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, do tipo
descritiva, a busca da literatura foi feita através da Latino-Americana e do Caribe em
Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), PubMed e
SciVerse Scopus (Scopus). Os estudos revelam que as consequências podem se manifestar
de várias maneiras e em diferentes aspectos, resultando em danos físicos, psicológicos e
sociais. Isso afeta principalmente a saúde, autoestima, autonomia e qualidade de vida das
vítimas e ficou evidente a necessidade imprescindível implementar programas de
educação em saúde que abordem questões de gênero, violência e igualdade, tanto nas
escolas quanto na comunidade em geral, ademais garantir que as vítimas tenham acesso
a serviços especializados, como aconselhamento psicológico, orientação jurídica, abrigos
de emergência e grupos de apoio. Diante do estudo, ficou evidente que há a necessidade
de implantar políticas de saúde pública e combater a violência de gênero contra mulheres,
é fundamental uma abordagem multifacetada que integre educação, capacitação de
profissionais de saúde e coordenação de serviços especializados. Isso inclui a
implementação de programas de educação em saúde que abordem questões de gênero e
violência em escolas e comunidades, bem como o treinamento regular e especializado
para médicos, enfermeiros e psicólogos na identificação e apoio às vítimas.
A INTERFACE DA TECNOLOGIA ASSISTIVA A PARTIR DA IMPRESSÃO TRIDIMENSIONAL NA APLICAÇÃO DO PAE EM TERAPIA DE REABILITAÇÃO FÍSICA DE PACIENTES COM SEQUELAS DE HANSENÍASE
Authors: Souza Ana Beatriz dos Santos , Rodrigues Mateus Gabriel Muniz , Rondon Douglas Rolando Peña , Bessa Rogério Ferreira , Sá Nonato Márcio Custódio Maia
Published: May 2024

A hanseníase é caracterizada como uma doença
infectocontagiosa crônica que acomete, principalmente, a pele, nervos periféricos e os olhos, sendo o agente etiológico da hanseníase o Mycobacterium leprae (OMS, 2023). Segundo os dados do Ministério da Saúde, no ano de 2021, o Brasil registrou mais de 18 mil casos de hanseníase, sendo 11,2% dos pacientes classificados como grau 2 de incapacidade física (Brasil, 2023).
GS-MS Profile, Total Flavonoid and Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Capacity of Leaves of Vitelleria paradoxa c.f. Gaertn
Authors: Theresa Ibibia Edewor , Amuda Mutiu Olasunkanmi , Stephen Oluwagbemiga Owa
Published: May 2024

Vitellaria paradoxa is an important medicinal plant that is used for the treatment of infections such as diarrhea, dysentery, helminthes, gastrointestinal tract, skin, and wounds. This research aims to determine other important uses of the plant leaves and quantify the phytochemicals present in the leaves. The plant leaves were extracted with two solvents (n-hexane and methanol). The phytochemicals were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed using standard methods. The antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH. In the qualitative phytochemical screening of the methanol extract flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins were identified as being present while steroids, anthraquinones, and glycosides were absent. All the screened secondary metabolites were absent in the n-hexane extract. In the GC-MS analysis of the methanol and n-hexane extracts seven compounds were obtained from the methanol extract while a total of twenty-four compounds were obtained from the n-hexane extract. The quantitative determination of the total flavonoid and phenolic contents showed that the leaves high content of flavonoids (91.00 mg quercetin equivalent/g extract) and phenolics (91.39 mg Gallic acid equivalent /g extract). These phytochemicals could be responsible for its high antioxidant activity (79.62%).
THE EFFECT OF TRUST IN BANKING INSTITUTIONS ON BEHAVIOURAL INTENTIONS FOR E-SERVICES
Authors: Drugă Răzvan-Ionuț
Published: May 2024

The adoption rate of electronic banking services (e-services) by consumers has increased significantly in recent years. For example, in the European Union, according to EUROSTAT data, the rate of individuals using the internet for internet banking increased by more than 25% between 2012 and 2023 (Eurostat, 2024). This may be due to several factors: the evolution of technology, the COVID-19 pandemic period, the time needed to complete a transaction, the availability of services, etc. The main objective of this paper was to assess whether trust in banking institutions can influence consumers' behavioural intentions when discussing the use of e-services. The following dimensions were considered to measure trust in the banking unit: Ability, Integrity, Benevolence (Bhattacherjee, 2002). A scale with the following dimensions was also used to measure behavioural intentions: loyalty, switch, pay more, external response (Zeithaml et al., 1996). The relationships were tested both between the "trust" and "behavioural intentions" dimensions taken as a whole and between the "trust" dimension taken separately and the "behavioural intentions" dimension taken as a whole. To achieve the objective of this study, the author collected data from 500 respondents in Romania via an online questionnaire. The surveys were conducted between April and August 2022. Partial least squares (PLS-SEM) was used for data analysis. The PLS-SEM results confirmed the significance of three out of four direct relationships. For one of the hypotheses, the dimension "integrity" was removed from the proposed conceptual model due to preliminary tests. These findings can help credit institutions to take various measures to increase public trust in such institutions and encourage the use of e-banking services. The areas targeted by these measures include: financial education programmes; corporate social responsibility (CSR) campaigns; transaction security; quality of banking staff; and transparency of credit institutions. For future research, it would be valuable to know what results can be obtained in other geographical areas. It is recommended to adapt and create new scales that can measure trust in companies and consumer behavioural intentions. These tools can help companies develop in their industries.
UKRAINIAN FORCED MIGRANTS’ INTEGRATION IN EUROPEAN LABOUR MARKET: GERMAN VS POLISH CASE
Authors: Kamyshnykova Evelina
Published: May 2024

The tsunami of forced migration caused by Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 poses a significant challenge to the socio-economic systems of host European countries, in particular Germany and Poland, which are the two main destination countries for displaced Ukrainians. Despite relatively similar statistics on the number and demographic structure of Ukrainian forced immigrants, the two countries differ significantly in terms of the level of labour market integration of refugees, which is a key factor determining their social integration and economic outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to study the peculiarities and common features of the integration of Ukrainian forced migrants in the labour markets of Germany and Poland, taking into account the pre-war experience of these countries in attracting Ukrainian economic migrants. Methodology. The study is a comparative analysis of the pre-war and forced migration trajectories of the two countries based on data from the German and Polish statistical services and Eurostat in 2010-2022. Results. The article discusses the redistribution of the main demographic characteristics in the profile of Ukrainian migrants in the post-war period, which led to an increase in the share of women with higher education in the demographic structure of migrants. These demographic differences, coupled with the peculiarities of European labour markets, have affected the employment prospects of Ukrainian refugees in European countries of destination. The pre-war experience of temporary labour migration from Ukraine and social ties between refugees and members of the diaspora were recognised as factors that facilitated the integration of Ukrainian refugees. The analysis showed that in addition to the geographical and cultural proximity between Ukraine and Poland, the circular labour migration model that dominated relations between Ukraine and Poland contributed to the rapid integration of Ukrainian refugees into the labour market after the outbreak of full-scale war. The lack of German language skills is the most common reason for the lower participation of Ukrainians in the German labour market compared to the Polish one. In Germany, favourable labour market conditions combined with integration policies facilitate access to the labour market for Ukrainian refugees in the long term. Practical implications. By examining the previous circular seasonal migration of Ukrainians over the past decade and their labour market integration in specific destination countries after the outbreak of war, this paper provides a broader perspective for the study of the transition from forced to permanent migration. Value/Originality. Given the global growth of both seasonal labour migrants and forms of movement, the key findings of the study provide a better understanding of these changing categories of mobility and their implications.
Vigil AI Assemble Leveraging Ensemble Technique for Enhanced Detection of Multi-Converter Synchronous Active Islanding Mode in Hybrid Power Distribution Systems
Authors: Muhammad Umar Khan
Published: May 2024

The increasing complexity of contemporary power distribution networks and the necessity to incorporate renewable energy sources have led to the rise in popularity of hybrid power distribution systems. A significant challenge for such systems is the reliable identification of multi-converter synchronous islanding mode, wherein numerous converters operate in synchronous islanded situations. Using state-of-the-art artificial intelligence ensemble techniques, we introduce "Vigil AI Assemble," a novel approach to detecting multi-converter synchronous islanding modes in hybrid power distribution systems. The proposed method enhances the precision and robustness of islanding situation recognition by combining various AI algorithms, each with its own distinct properties. By combining several AI-based techniques, the ensemble method can analyze system properties, waveform data, and communication in real-time.
Geology as Unconforming Infrastructure For the Hosting of Nuclear Waste
Authors: Harvey Penny
Published: May 2024

As the dramatic consequences of climate change finally begin to motivate governments around the world to explore how to move away from a dependence on fossil fuels, nuclear power is back on the agenda in the UK as a potential energy source. However, this new-found enthusiasm confronts a fundamental challenge—namely, that the radioactive wastes, accumulating since the very first nuclear power stations were built in the 1950s, have yet to be made safe for the long-term future. At the governmental level, there is a clear international commitment to the view that the most secure option for the management of radioactive waste matter is burial deep underground in an engineered geological disposal facility (GDF). Finland leads the international field, and the repository at Onkalo is expected to be fully operational by 2025. The Swedish government approved plans for the construction of an underground repository for spent nuclear fuel in 2022, with Canada, France, Japan, Switzerland, the UK, and the USA all actively engaged in siting and design initiatives. Strategies for generating public acceptance of geological disposal vary, as do the modes of engagement, the investments of time and money afforded, and the decision-making processes. These processes are conceptually and politically challenging. They require not only technical expertise and scientific understanding across an entire range of disciplines, but also the imaginative capacity to think across scales of time and space in what Ele Carpenter (2016: 14) has suggestively referred to as ‘reverse mining’.
Temporal Orientations in Life Stories
Authors: Hoëm Ingjerd
Published: May 2024

This article draws on ethnographic material from life stories and nonfiction literature and is complemented by fieldwork vignettes. The material is used to discuss how experiences of connections and disconnections between past and present, self and intergenerational relationships, relate to temporal orientations (Bryant and Knight 2019). In the narratives, traces of two salient paradigms framing the temporality of the present, which represent antithetical ways of dealing with connections between the past, present and future, are identified. These traces are found in expressions such as ‘timelessness’, ‘beauty’, ‘now’, and ‘silences’, but also more negatively, as ‘depression’, ‘hauntings’, ‘pain’, and ‘time collapse’. I argue that the two paradigms (‘presentism’ and ‘presence’) coexist, and that they are partly in conflict with each other. Traces of temporality in life stories provide us with keys to understand how temporal orientations, and their related horizons of expectation (Koselleck 1985) may also contribute to shape life trajectories. By explicating how narrators grapple with experiences of temporal disruption and how they try to come to terms with their experiences by seeing them as parts of larger societal events, aspects of the mechanisms whereby dominant modes of thinking become established are made visible to us (Scarry 2022). The merit in this kind of exploration for the ethnography of historicity (Palmié and Stewart 2019), lies in its potential for showing us how future life scenarios are impacted by the ways in which people deal with past events and affect their potential futures.
Keywords: Temporal orientations, presentism, presence, historicity, life stories, self, intergenerational relationships.
Spirit Mediums and the Art of Suggesting Stories
Authors: Tomlinson Matt
Published: May 2024

Fredrik Barth called attention to two ways ritually transmitted knowledge gains value: knowledge he associated with the figure of the ‘Guru’ valued for being widely shared versus knowledge associated with the figure of the ‘conjurer’ or ‘initiator’ valued for the opposite reason. In this article, I argue that there is another kind of ritual knowledge-transmitter who holds an appropriately ‘in-between’ position: the spirit medium. During ‘demonstrations’, mediums in the Spiritualist tradition offer signs from the spirit world for their audiences to recognise in relation to their deceased loved ones. Whereas Gurus (in Barth’s typology) are likely to be storytellers and conjurers are not, mediums are distinct for telling what I call ‘protonarratives’. Protonarratives are character sketches joined with allusions to events or signs that suggest stories. They are not narrative in form, but can evoke stories that live in listeners’ memories.
Keywords: narrative, protonarrative, ritual, knowledge, Fredrik Barth, Spiritualism, Australia
Jones, Reece. White Borders: The History of Race and Immigration in the United States from Chinese Exclusion to the Border Wall. Beacon Press. 2021. 239 pp. ISBN: 9780807054062 (hardcover), ISBN: 9780807007266 (softcover), ISBN: 9780807054123 (ebook).
Authors: Laakkonen Ville
Published: May 2024

Jones, Reece. White Borders: The History of Race and Immigration in the United States from Chinese Exclusion to the Border Wall. Beacon Press. 2021. 239 pp. ISBN: 9780807054062 (hardcover), ISBN: 9780807007266 (softcover), ISBN: 9780807054123 (ebook).
Krause Franz. 2023. Thinking Like a River: An Anthropology of Water and Its Uses Along the Kemi River, Northern Finland. Bielefeld: transcript Verlag. 294 p. ISBN: 9783837667370 (paperback).
Authors: Kingumets Jaanika
Published: May 2024

Krause, Franz. Thinking Like a River: An Anthropology of Water and Its Uses Along the Kemi River, Northern Finland. Bielefeld: transcript Verlag. 2023. 294 pp. ISBN: 9783837667370 (paperback); 9783839467374 (E-book).
Lectio præcursoria—The Politics of Knowledge in Late 2010s Hungary: Ethnography of an Epistemic Collapse
Authors: Kallius Annastiina
Published: May 2024

A lectio præcursoria is a short presentation read out loud by a doctoral candidate at the start of a public thesis examination in Finland. It introduces the key points or central argument of the thesis in a way that should make the ensuing discussion between the examinee and the examiner apprehensible to the audience, many of whom may be unfamiliar with the candidate’s research or even anthropological research in general.
Editorial Note: A Time of Succession
Authors: Rautio Suvi
Published: May 2024

Since the beginning of February this year, Suomen antropologi: Journal of Finnish Anthropological Society has navigated a succession. The previous editors-in-chief, Heikki Wilenius and Tuomas Tammisto, passed their roles on to me, Suvi Rautio, and I have received not just a warm welcome, but also copious amounts of support from my predecessors. Driving the journal forward over the last several years, Heikki and Tuomas prepared well for this succession, putting considerable love, sweat, and tears into building a platform that makes the handover of their knowledge and experience of the journal’s editorial processes as fluid and user-friendly as possible. The guidance I received from both Heikki and Tuomas—as well as the range of video tutorials and written guidelines they developed and made readily accessible through our archives—is both robust and thoughtful. In going the extra mile, creating and passing on these detailed tutorials, Heikki and Tuomas have created a foundation of editorial transparency, which I too intend to build upon.
A Study on Wearable Augmented Reality-Based Experiential Content: Focusing on Ar Stone Tower Content
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Choi Inyoung , Jeong Hieyong , Shin Choonsung
Published: May 2024

This paper proposes AR stone tower content, an experiential content based on wearable augmented reality (AR). Although wearable augmented reality is gaining attention, the acceptance of the technology is still focused on specialized applications such as industrial sites. On the other hand, the proposed AR stone tower content is based on the material of 'stone tower' so that general users can relate to it and easily participate in it, and it is organized to utilize space in a moving environment and find and stack stones based on natural hand gestures. The proposed AR stone tower content was implemented in the HoloLens 2 environment and evaluated by general users through a pilot exhibition in a small art museum. The evaluation results showed that the overall satisfaction with the content averaged 3.85, and the content appropriateness for the stone tower material was very high at 4.15. In particular, users were highly satisfied with content comprehension and sound, but somewhat less satisfied with object recognition, body adaptation, and object control. The above user evaluations confirm the resonance and positive response to the material, but also highlight the difficulties of the average user in experiencing and interacting with the wearable AR environment.
Autoencoder Based Fire Detection Model Using Multi-Sensor Data
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Kim Taeseong , Choi Hyo-Rin , Jeong Young-Seon
Published: May 2024

Large-scale fires and their consequential damages are becoming increasingly common, but confidence in fire detection systems is waning. Recently, widely-used chemical fire detectors frequently generate lots of false alarms, while video-based deep learning fire detection is hampered by its time-consuming and expensive nature. To tackle these issues, this study proposes a fire detection model utilizing an autoencoder approach. The objective is to minimize false alarms while achieving swift and precise fire detection. The proposed model, employing an autoencoder methodology, can exclusively learn from normal data without the need for fire-related data, thus enhancing its adaptability to diverse environments. By amalgamating data from five distinct sensors, it facilitates rapid and accurate fire detection. Through experiments with various hyperparameter combinations, the proposed model demonstrated that out of 14 scenarios, only one encountered false alarm issues. Experimental results underscore its potential to curtail fire-related losses and bolster the reliability of fire detection systems.
5G Network Resource Allocation and Traffic Prediction based on DDPG and Federated Learning
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Park Seok-Woo , Lee Oh-Sung , Ra In-Ho
Published: May 2024

With the advent of 5G, characterized by Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communications (URLLC), and Massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC), efficient network management and service provision are becoming increasingly critical. This paper proposes a novel approach to address key challenges of 5G networks, namely ultra-high speed, ultra-low latency, and ultra-reliability, while dynamically optimizing network slicing and resource allocation using machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques. The proposed methodology utilizes prediction models for network traffic and resource allocation, and employs Federated Learning (FL) techniques to simultaneously optimize network bandwidth, latency, and enhance privacy and security. Specifically, this paper extensively covers the implementation methods of various algorithms and models such as Random Forest and LSTM, thereby presenting methodologies for the automation and intelligence of 5G network operations. Finally, the performance enhancement effects achievable by applying ML and DL to 5G networks are validated through performance evaluation and analysis, and solutions for network slicing and resource management optimization are proposed for various industrial applications.
Alzheimer progression classification using fMRI data
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Noh Ju Hyeon , Yang Hee-Deok
Published: May 2024

The development of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has significantly contributed to mapping brain functions and understanding brain networks during rest. This paper proposes a CNN-LSTM-based classification model to classify the progression stages of Alzheimer's disease. Firstly, four preprocessing steps are performed to remove noise from the fMRI data before feature extraction. Secondly, the U-Net architecture is utilized to extract spatial features once preprocessing is completed. Thirdly, the extracted spatial features undergo LSTM processing to extract temporal features, ultimately leading to classification. Experiments were conducted by adjusting the temporal dimension of the data. Using 5-fold cross-validation, an average accuracy of 96.4% was achieved, indicating that the proposed method has high potential for identifying the progression of Alzheimer's disease by analyzing fMRI data.
The Role of Operational Performance as a Mediator in the Influence of Supply Chain Management Practices on the Financial Performance of MSMEs
Authors: Rubiyatno Rubiyatno , Theodorus Sutadi
Published: May 2024

Financial performance is a tool for measuring the success of a business. Managers can make appropriate decisions by reviewing the results of the company's financial performance. One of the aspects believed to influence the financial performance of a company is operational performance. Of course, this must be done through supply chain management practices in order to achieve good financial performance of the company. This research aims to determine the mediating role of company operational performance in the influence of supply chain management (SCM) practices on company financial performance. A quantitative approach was carried out by distributing questionnaires to 100 business leaders. Primary data consists of the results of filling out a questionnaire by the business owner. The data collection technique uses a survey method by distributing questionnaires to respondents, namely business owners. The MSMEs in question are 100 MSMEs located in Yogyakarta. Validity and reliability tests are carried out before implementing research analysis techniques. In this research, we examine the effect of SCM practices on financial performance through the operational performance of micro, small and medium enterprises in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region (UMKM). The analysis technique uses structural equation modeling-partial least squares (SEM-PLS) with the WrapPLS application. The researchers estimated the results of direct effects and indirect effects. The research results prove that operational performance as a mediator in SCM practices influences the financial performance of the company. Apart from this, it is also proven that supply chain management has influence on operational performance, operational performance has influence on financial performance and supply chain management also has a direct influence on financial performance.
Efectos de la variabilidad climática y las políticas hídricas en el Sitio Ramsar Lagunas de Guanacache (San Juan, Mendoza y San Luis, Argentina): cuando la gestión finaliza en los diques
Authors: Alvarez Leandro Manuel , Rivera Juan Antonio , Calderón Archina Aldana
Published: May 2024

Las lagunas de Guanacache conforman un conjunto de humedales vinculados al río Desaguadero en la región de Cuyo (centro oeste de Argentina). En sus afluentes existe un alto grado de intervención hidráulica asociada a oasis artificiales, caracterizados por la producción agrícola y la provisión de los centros urbanos de Mendoza y San Juan. La concentración y distribución del recurso hídrico en los tramos altos de la cuenca se corresponde a un modelo de gestión instaurado durante la consolidación de los Estados nacional y provinciales, durante la modernización de las economías regionales. El diseño y sostenimiento de dicho modelo implicó sacrificar otras áreas, como Guanacache. La configuración territorial resultante es fragmentada y desigual: los oasis agrícolas ocupan el 4% del territorio y concentran más del 95% de su población. En efecto, la degradación se remonta a comienzos del siglo XIX y se agrava desde entonces. Atenuar este proceso requiere de proyectos y políticas de restauración. Los objetivos del presente trabajo son explorar la relación de las fluctuaciones climáticas y los caudales que modulan la hidrología superficial regional y determinar el rol de la construcción de obras de ingeniería hidraúlica, como embalses y canales, en la superficie de las lagunas de Guanacache.
Entre la gobernanza estatal y la gobernanza criminal: situación del Caquetá en el posacuerdo de paz con las FARC-EP
Authors: Oviedo Hernández Edicson Andrés
Published: May 2024

Este artículo tiene por objetivo analizar cómo se lleva a cabo la reconfiguración del conflicto armado en el Caquetá en el contexto del posacuerdo de paz con las FARCEP. Por un lado, referente a cómo las disidencias de las FARC-EP, grupos armados que no se acogieron al proceso, se disputan las zonas ocupadas por la antigua guerrilla y buscan establecer gobernanzas criminales; por otro, respecto al mercado ilícito ligado a la coca, el cual se encuentra en estado de declive debido a la desconcentración del área sembrada. La estrategia metodológica utilizada consistió en recolección de información estadística agregada y una revisión sistemática de documentos de entidades estatales. Entre los resultados se destaca que la fragmentación de estructuras militares característica de las disidencias, así como la reducción de los cultivos de coca, son las principales causas de la violencia armada que se produce en la disputa por el gobierno ilegal de los territorios.