bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Civil Society Organisations: Filling Up The Government Service Gap For National Development
Authors: Akin Popoola Michael , Adeola Omosebi Fredrick
Published: March 2018

Good governance is inextricably linked with development. That is why any government which is genuinely concerned about good governance makes the issue of development its central focus. However, the governments of many developing countries experience capacity deficit in the area of the requisite institutions, funds and capacity to foster comprehensive socio-economic development. This makes it imperative for the state to engage in collaborative relationship with civil society which can help to fill up the lacuna created by the lack of state institutional and technical capacity. The critical role of civil society in development is aptly appreciated by some donor institutions and western countries which channel their Official Development Assistance (ODA) to developing countries through civil society organisations for effective implementation. 

This research therefore, undertakes an analysis of the way and manner which civil society organisations can complement the development efforts of the state. What makes this research crucial is the belief in some quarters that the state and civil society are often mutually conflicting and perpetually locked in zero sum game. However, this paper discovered that both the state and civil society are mutually reinforcing entities and that development is enhanced when there is collaborative efforts, rather than contestation  between them.
A afirmação dos direitos humanos num contexto de biopolítica: lógica imunitária versus lógica do comum
Authors: Junges José Roque
Published: March 2018

O artigo tem o objetivo de analisar as duas lógicas biopolíticas contrárias que atravessam a compreensão e a efetivação dos direitos humanos. Essa é uma tarefa central para a bioética. Existe, por um lado, a lógica biopolítica negativa que está serviço da defesa dos direitos do indivíduo contra o coletivo, gerando dinâmicas imunitárias que isentam dos encargos do comum. Essa lógica está presente no sistema jurídico moderno entendido como sistema imunizador da sociedade. Por outro, está presente a lógica biopolítica positiva que assume os direitos humanos como dispositivos de potencialização da constituição do comum, como um caminho protetivo para sua concretização. Essa é a proposta da Bioética de proteção que defende que o Estado tem o dever de proteger populações e grupos vulneráveis através de políticas públicas. Um exemplo concreto desse atravessamento nos direitos Humanos é o direito à saúde, quando se tem presente a judicialização da saúde. Essas duas lógicas biopolíticas aparecem na própria formulação da Declaração Universal de Bioética e Direitos Humanos que foi fruto de um consenso de concepções contrárias.
Presentación
Authors: Litwin Edith
Published: March 2018

En las complejas y difíciles condiciones del trabajo institucional, los diferentes actores del sistema educativo se preguntan, una y otra vez, cómo optimizarlo, promoviendo centros que cumplan los propósitos siempre renovados de lograr instituciones que satisfagan la idea de ejemplaridad y formen ciudadanos cada vez más aptos para un mundo mejor, más solidario y más fraterno. El análisis de la urdimbre de las instituciones y el ofrecer categorías teóricas para hacerlo es el desafío del Cuaderno N° 11 del Instituto de Educación de la Universidad ORT.
Estrategias de intervención institucional
Authors: Vázquez María Inés
Published: March 2018

Este artículo tiene como propósito compartir algunas reflexiones surgidas de la  investigación, en torno a la convivencia de dos modelos de gestión en educación media pública -uno vigente y otro en construcción- promovidos por el denominado Plan 96. Surgen del análisis ciertos "ejes de tensión", cuya resolución podría transformar potenciales amenazas en oportunidades para consolidar los procesos de transformación puestos en marcha. Asimismo se plantean posibles estrategias para fortalecer la gestión, a partir de un abordaje global e integrador.
Caminos posibles para las transformaciones educativas
Authors: Opertti Renato
Published: March 2018

El objetivo del artículo es presentar y discutir algunos de los puntos claves que se entienden como condiciones necesarias para lograr efectivas transformaciones institucionales y pedagógicas en los procesos de cambio educativo que están ocurriendo en la Educación Media Superior. En primer lugar, se hace hincapié en la necesidad de contar con marcos conceptuales unitarios (por ejemplo, los conceptos de competencias, trayectos y espacios curriculares), comunes al sistema educativo en su conjunto, a partir de los cuales se puedan diseñar estrategias exitosas de modificación curricular con capacidad de articulación hacia adentro y fuera de la Educación Media. En segundo lugar, la centralidad del centro educativo como eje sustento de la innovación se gesta a partir de una dinámica relación entre normas y criterios universales que den credibilidad, orden y transparencia al sistema, y la posibilidad real de ejercer la libertad y asumir la responsabilidad efectiva por lo actuado, desarrollando su propio traje a medida (por ejemplo, los espacios de descentralización curricular). En tercer lugar, la debida jerarquización de las respuestas sustantivamente pedagógicas, generadas a partir de las acciones de centro y áulicas, que permitan superar con respuestas de calidad y acotadas a dimensiones operables, las explicaciones burdas de determinismo contextual. En cuarto lugar, la búsqueda de la triple inclusión de los jóvenes como un actor principal del sistema educativo: en lo que tiene que ver con la comprensión antropológica de sus vivencias y percepciones, la prevención social de situaciones de pobreza y de marginalidad y la preparación para el ejercicio de una ciudadanía competente.
Presentación
Authors: Litwin Edith
Published: March 2018

La utilización de las viejas y nuevas tecnologías es motivo de estudio, análisis y reflexión permanentes en los diferentes centros académicos. Ha dado lugar a experiencias e investigaciones que tienen por objeto validar su utilización y ofrecer nuevos aportes teóricos que den cuenta de los cambios que introducen en la enseñanza.Favorecer los aprendizajes generando propuestas de comprensión ha sido siempre una de las razones de la incorporación de las tecnologías en las aulas. Sin embargo, más de una vez, la introducción de la tecnología suscita controversias respecto de su efectividad, los modos de uso más genuinos, los problemas que instala al solucionar otros.Las tecnologías se implementan de manera diferente condicionadas por los niveles de la enseñanza, la especificidad de las disciplinas y los requerimientos que los docentes les hacen respecto de los aprendizajes de sus estudiantes. Además, cada tecnología, acorde con el soporte, favorecerá uno u otro modelo de comprensión y posibilitará representaciones y tratamientos del contenido diferentes. Este número de los Cuadernos de Investigación aborda el tratamiento de estos problemas.
Presentación
Authors: Litwin Edith
Published: March 2018

La formación docente en la región continúa siendo tema de profusos debates: contenidos y propósitos; cuánto tiempo; cuáles son los desafíos e interrogantes actuales, resultan motivo de análisis en congresos, reuniones científicas, asambleas de docentes o investigaciones rigurosas. Esto es así porque detrás de estas preguntas se articulan concepciones del conocimiento, del aprendizaje y del sentido mismo de la educación en el proyecto de país. Constituye una compleja urdimbre que revela la necesidad de incluir, al decir de Morin, "los innumerables campos de la incertidumbre". Por ello, las respuestas que brindamos en este número recorren una serie de estudios, cuestionamientos y análisis críticos de la tarea educativa, eligiendo mojones que revelan, a través de la investigación efectuada, la complejidad y el permanente desafío que implica esta problemática.
Concepciones de la enseñanza: un estudio en torno a docentes experimentados sin formación pedagógica
Authors: Ricobaldi Mirtha
Published: March 2018

Este trabajo surge de la tesis de Maestría sobre Educación; tiene como objeto identificar concepciones acerca de la enseñanza de los docentes universitarios experimentados que trabajan en formación docente, en el Instituto de Profesores Artigas, y carecen de formación pedagógica. Busca indagar las concepciones de enseñanza de esa Institución y de la Universidad de la República, analizando cómo repercuten en su concepción pedagógica. Se realizó una búsqueda de antecedentes explorándose el estado actual de la cuestión, en temas como concepciones de enseñanza, modelos y perfiles docentes, formación profesional, relación teoría práctica, concepciones didácticas y transmisión de contenidos; contextualizándolos en el escenario de la cultura y las relaciones de poder. De estos análisis resulta que el docente universitario que se apasiona por su disciplina identificándose con eso que es su profesionalidad, que se preocupa por la educación y se impregna de la cultura institucional, constituiría el tipo ideal de modelo docente.
La Lente Evolution Du Système Fiscal Marocain : Les Faits Et Les Enseignements
Authors: Barka M. Hafid , Hassainate M. Mohammed Saber
Published: March 2018

The present work aims to analyze the evolution of the Moroccan tax system from the independence to the implementation of the tax reform of the 1980s in order to draw the lessons and to be able to decide on its future evolutions. Indeed, fiscal developments and "reforms" succeeded one another since the independence in 1956, with no significant evolution in the Moroccan tax system inherited from the French protectorate. Yet this system was characterized by imbalances; inconsistencies and inequities. A profound tax reform has become inevitable. After an undue delay; The Government has proceeded from 1984 to the reform of the effective tax system with a view to its modernization and simplification. This reform has resulted, in fact, in the passage of a heavy and complex schedular or analytical system, characterized by blatant inequalities, imbalances and inconsistencies to a modern and synthetic taxation system. At the end of this reform; three major synthetic taxes were set up: T.V.A, I.S and I.R. The reform also concerned the taxation of local authorities. With the implementation of the tax reform since 1984, the Moroccan tax system has certainly made progress but limitations related in particular to the architecture of the system and its structure and new synthetic taxes persist. Future research will focus on assessing the tax reforms and adjustments of the years 2000 and the prospects for reforming the Moroccan tax system.
Les Formes De Relations Client-Fournisseur: Synthese Des Modeles Et Approches Theoriques
Authors: EL Boujnouni Soukaina
Published: March 2018

Customer-supplier cooperation is at the heart of industrial concerns, with new market constraints forcing companies to establish stable and lasting relationships with their various partners (Perrotin & Louberu, 1996). This paper focuses on the requirements of the development of inter-firm exchanges in an industrial environment at a micro level. In particular, we will analyze how client companies structure their relationships with their suppliers and vice versa, and develop mechanisms to control their actions in order to achieve their own goals. We will search through a non-exhaustive list of theoretical approaches to characterize the forms of customer-supplier relationships and the different factors influencing the nature of cooperation between firms. To understand this dynamic, we will then mobilize a theoretical framework of the inter-organizational literature to identify a set of factors favoring the stability and smooth running of an industrial relationship.
The Relationship Between Organizational Culture and Administrative Creativity in Universities
Authors: Salama Ibtisam Khalid Yahia
Published: March 2018

The organizational culture is a critical and coral factor in achieving the dimensions of the administrative creativity. It can be said that the improvement of the practice of organizational culture contributes as an effective factor in the level of administrative creativity in all its dimensions. The organizational culture plays a major role in all levels and activities within the administrative system. It contributes in the creation of the convenient organizational climate, which in turn works on improving and developing the performance in a convenient and efficient manner. It also helps in achieving the individual, collective and organizational objectives that is highlighted through embodiment, development of the modern values, orientations, behavior and standards which work on growth and development of job performance (Alkurdi, 2010). This paper will try to build a theoretical background on the organizational culture and administrative creativity in Saudi Arabia education socity. The main objective is to show the significance of organizational culture and administrative creativity and also the relationship between organizational culture and administrative creativity in universities. This research work showed how the organizational culture is important to the education filed in Saudi Arabia. It contributes in assisting the individual in problem solving and decision making. It helps to make a decisive decision in a relatively record time, and enable to discover problems in order to solve them.
Conflict Management Strategies in Ondo State Tertiary Institutions
Authors: Fareo Dorcas Oluremi , Jajua Mohamed Alison
Published: March 2018

This paper investigated conflict management strategies in tertiary institutions in Ondo State. As a descriptive survey, the study population comprised all the staff and the management of three institutions. For the study sample, two hundred and ten was selected by stratified sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was 45 items Likert-type questionnaire tagged ‘Conflict Management Strategies Questionnaire’ (CMSQ). The reliability of the instrument was determined through test-retest method and the reliability co-efficient was 0.86. The content and face validity of the instrument was carried out by one expert in Test and Measurement, an expert in Psychology of Education; and an expert in Guidance and Counselling. The data collected were analyzed using frequency count, percentages, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Multiple Regression. It was found that conflict in Federal University of Technology (FUTA), Rufus Giwa Polytechnic and Adeyemi College of Education occurred frequently. Nonpayment of salaries as at when due was the major cause of conflict in these institutions. The most effective conflict management strategies used was participatory decision strategy. Based on the findings, it was ascertained that role conflict occurred between academic staff and professional administrators; and conflict management strategies were critical variables in the school system. It was recommended that the academic and professional administrators should continue to demonstrate spirit of tolerance so as to ensure the smooth running of university, polytechnic and the college.
Impact Of Instructional Aids On Students’ Academic Performance In Physics In Secondary Schools In Federal Capital Territory (FCT) Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Adebayo Odeniyi Olujinmi , Adigun Saladin Quadri
Published: March 2018

This research work investigated the extent of availability, application and impact of instructional aids on improving academic performance of physics students in Federal Capital Territory (FCT) secondary schools Abuja. The population of the study was limited to secondary schools in three Area councils of the FCT. The sampled schools used for the research had a total 3,150 students with teaching staff strength of 163. The study was carried out among the senior secondary SS2 and SS3 physics students and their teachers. Descriptive survey method was adopted for this study with 60 items on the questionnaire for students and 15 items for teachers. Six research questions were asked and analyzed using frequency counts and percentages. The data gathered were further analyzed and interpreted to arrive at findings which showed that the physics teachers in FCT secondary schools were using instructional aids, there was significant difference in academic performance of students taught with instructional aids; findings equally revealed that there were shortfalls in availability of some materials. Recommendations were suggested that government should formulate policy statement on availability, distribution, selection and maintenance of instructional aids in FCT secondary schools.
Hepatitis B Treatment with Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine
Authors: Zhu Jihe , Arsovska Blagica , Kozovska Kristina
Published: March 2018

Hepatitis B is liver inflammation caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). HBV infection causes an acute illness that may end up in curing the patient or becoming a chronic illness that progresses to serious liver damage. The treated patient is a 33 year old woman, diagnosed with multiple conditions, but the main treatment was made to correct the hepatitis B infection and the secondary complications – ascites, liver cirrhosis, thrombocytosis, splenomegaly and hepatic vein thrombosis (Budd-Chiari Syndrome). The patient was also diagnosed with primary hypothyroidism. Beside the prescribed medications and hormone therapy, the patient was treated with acupuncture and herbal treatment. In the herbal treatment were used two funguses in capsules - Cordyceps sinensis 1.5g per day and Ganoderma lucidum 3g per day. In the acupuncture treatment were used the points located on the meridians of Spleen, Liver, Stomach, Dumai and Renmai. The patient has made 10 acupuncture treatments, once weekly in a period of three months, combined with herbal treatment. After the treatment the patient felt better, the accompanied symptoms were gone and the blood test results were significantly improved. The patient is in good health condition now, however the herbal treatment will continue for prevention and future follow-up will be done in this case.
Développement D’un Stock De Semences (Seedstocks) De L’algue Rouge Gelidium Corneum (Gelidiaceae, Rhodophyta)
Authors: Chiheb Houda , García-Jiménez Pilar , Robaina Rafael R. , Hassoun Mustapha , Riadi Hassane
Published: March 2018

Gelidium corneum is a species of red algae notable for its commercial important as an agarophyte in Morocco. Several regions from the Moroccan Atlantic show that this alga is an endangered species due to the excessive tearing. Hence, the repopulation of these areas is necessary. The in vitro culture of the species was carried out in three media: enriched seawater medium (PES medium (Provasoli Enriched Seawater, Provasoli 1968)), medium with seawater (SW) and medium with artificial seawater, with the addition of polyamines (putrescine (put), spermidine (spd), and spermine (spr)) as a growth regulator in the three media. The results obtained are very significant, especially in PES medium with a growth rate of 95%. Rhizoid formation and attachment of explants have been noted, especially in PES + Put medium.
Strategic Medical Equipment Incorporation Process: A Proposed Model to be used by the Lebanese Healthcare Organizations
Authors: Housseini Houssam , Nassreddine Mohamad , Haj Ali El , Jawhar Ahmad , Haidar Mohamad Abou
Published: March 2018

Background: The Improvement in healthcare as provided by new modern equipment is associated with the rise in healthcare cost. Lebanon’s economy and its public healthcare sector might be struggling with a crisis stimulated by the absence of any legal limit for the sophisticated medical equipment number per population density. Purpose: to assess the current methodology for health technology incorporation used by the Lebanese hospitals, and to propose an incorporation model guiding them in medical devices acquisition. Methodology: combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches were used in addition to a proposed incorporation models with an applied case study on it. Questionnaires were distributed among 34 hospitals, with a response rate of 82.35%, and interviews were conducted with five biomedical managers. Results: The study shows that only 7% of mangers know what Health Technology Assessment (HTA) means, and none of these hospitals use HTA reports. Additionally, 71% of hospitals don’t monitor their incorporation process and only 4% evaluate the purchased devices’ utilization. Based on the qualitative analysis, the lack of proper need assessment, market study, and poor supplier evaluation were the main reasons behind poor incorporation processes. Conclusion: We found that hospitals lack a proper incorporation process as evident in their poor methodology, hence recommendations were to follow a formalized process for medical device incorporation. However when it comes to the Ministry of Public Health, the recommendations were to formalize and apply new laws and regulations for the certificate of needs.
Evaluation De Quatre Cultivars De Niebe (Vigna Unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Pour Leur Resistance Au Deficit Hydrique Et A L’adventice Parasite, Striga Gesnerioides (Willd.) Vatke Au Togo
Authors: Kondi Yorikoume , Mawuli Aziadekey , Agnassim Banito , Yentchabre Pocanam , Koffi Tozo
Published: March 2018

Drought and weed parasite Striga gesnerioides(Willd.)Vatke, are major constraints to cowpea production in sub-Saharan Africa. The purpose of this study was to examine the response of four cowpea (Vigna unguiculata(L.)Walp.)cultivars, VITOCO, VITA5, IT87D-10-10, and IT98K589-2 to water deficit, to a weed parasite S. gesnerioides and to determine the effect of this weed parasite on these cowpea cultivars under water deficit conditions. Pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse condition under artificial infestation at the Agronomic Experimentation Station of Lomé. The experimental design was a split-split-plot design with three replications of two levels of S. gesnerioides;(presence and absence) in main plot, four water regimes; (periodic watering of 5, 10, 15 and 20 days) in sub-plot, and the cultivars in sub sub-plot. Data were collected on yield components (number of seed per pod, number of pod per plant and seeds weight per plant). Data collected on parasitic plantdate of emergence and its rate of emergence per pot. Water deficit tolerance was evaluated by the rank summation index (RSI).The results showed that the water régimes of 10 and 15 days had significant depressive effect on all yield components. The number of S. gesnerioides emerged per pot ranged from 10.20 (VITOCO) to 48.60 (IT98K589-2). In addition, the infestation of S. gesnerioides showed a significant reduction of all yield components evaluated in all tested cultivars. Therefore, no cultivar proved to be resistant, nor tolerant to S. gesnerioides.The overall rankings of the evaluated cultivars in terms of growth and yield parameters studied revealed that the cultivar IT98K-589-2 showed the best adaptive response in drought condition. The results also revealed that, the significant negative effect of water deficit on the seeds weight per plant is exacerbated by the S. gesnerioides infestation.
Air Pollution With 2.5 Micron Particulate Matters and Testing the Decay of the Aerosol Concentration as a Function of Time to Compare the Efficiency of AHPCO® and Bi-Polar Units in Reducing the Indoor Particle Counts
Authors: Ghosh Nabarun , Sherali Nelofar , Hiranuma Naruki , Banerjee Prabir , Sherali Shabnum , Romero Rebecca , Rogers Jim , Bennert Jeff , Vitale Jay , Saadeh Constantine , Revanna Chandini
Published: March 2018

One of the top environmental concerns of the world today is air pollution, which is affecting our health every day (Bickerstaff & Walker, 2001). Studies have shown that air pollution has a major effect in human health by increasing sickness and death (Dockery, & Pope III, 1994). A major form of air pollution is aerosol; scientists describe it as tiny, airborne solid and liquid particles that are released by Earth's surface both naturally and as a product of human activities (Simmon, & Voiland, 2010; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory [NOAA], 2017). Our biggest problem with air pollution is the aerosols in the form of Particulate Matter (PM), also known as particulate pollution. The most dangerous particulate matters are those which are less than 10 micrometers, because when inhaled, they can reach deep down into our lungs and even into our bloodstreams (U.S Environmental Protection Agency [EPA], “Particulate Matter (PM) Basic,” 2017). The purpose of this study was to test a new kind of air purifier, and help the public make the right choice for their health. In this research several experiments were conducted using the Air Oasis filter-less air purifier with Advanced Hydrated Photo Catalytic Oxidation (AHPCO) and Bi-polar units inside the fiberglass chambers to estimate the decay of aerosol concentration as function of time. In higher concentration a prominent rate of decay was measured when using the Air Oasis units however, there has not been any significant change at the lower concentration.
Complications of Bone Plating Following Different Facial Bones Fractures
Authors: Al-Hammami Ali R. , Al-Anee Auday M. , Lateef Thair Abdul , Al-khayat Adil
Published: March 2018

The Aim of our study was to evaluate the complication of bone plating fixation used for treatment of multiple type of facial fracture, reconstruction procedure and bone graft in maxillofacial trauma. This prospective study was performed on 42 patients to evaluates complications of the bone plates had been used in fixation of multiple facial fractures, between October 2013 and March 2015, The age of the patients ranged from 17 – 65 years The mean age of the patients was (31.7± 9.4) years. There were 31 males and 11 females, with male to female ratio (2.81:1), patients were followed up for minimum 6 months. Seventy-one plates were inserted over 17 months. Among the 42 patients there were 45 fracture sites, 26 (57.8%) were mandibular fractures, 15 (33.3%) were ZMC fractures, and four (8.9%) were maxillary; it is worth mentioning that some patients had fracture at more than one site. Complications due to fracture fixation with bone plating were 33 represented 46.5% of the total 71 plates inserted, which included Infection/wound dehiscence 15 (21.1%), Discomfort/ palpability 9 (12.7%), Plate exposure 4 (5.6%), hardware failure (broken plate & loosening screw) 1 (1.4%), Cold/heat intolerance 3 (4.2%) and Pain (TMJ) account for one plate (1.4%). According to this study, there will be a need for hardware removal in a portion of patients treated with metallic osteosynthesis devices. This study states that the infection is most common reason for plate removal, followed by discomfort due to cold/heat climate, particularly in those facial regions that provide only thin soft tissue cover over the plate.
Analyzing and Designing Control System for an Inverted Pendulum on a Cart
Authors: Monir Md.
Published: March 2018

It is a collection of MATLAB functions and scripts, and SIMULINK models, useful for analyzing Inverted Pendulum System and designing Control System for it. Automatic control is a growing field of study in the field of Mechanical Engineering. This covers the proportional, integral and derivative (PID). The principal reason for its popularity is its nonlinear and unstable control. The reports begin with an outline of research into inverted pendulum design system and along with mathematical model formation. This will present introduction and review of the system. Here one dimensional inverted pendulum is analyzed for simulating in MATLAB environment. Control of Inverted Pendulum is a Control Engineering project based on the flight simulation of rocket or missile during the initial stages of flight. The aim of this study is to stabilize the Inverted Pendulum such that the position of the carriage on the track is controlled quickly and accurately so that the pendulum is always erected in its inverted position during such movements.
The Glycolytic Pathway is the Predominate Path for Glucose Utilization in Human Pancreatic Beta Cells (1.1B4)
Authors: Hisab Ahmed S. , Alahmed Jala A S
Published: March 2018

The oxidative metabolism of energy substrates has a paramount role in the stimulus secretion pathway of insulin. However, the role of glycolytic pathway in pancreatic beta cells is not very well understood. To address this, we have investigated and compared the functional effects of two mitochondrial substrates (glucose and α-ketoisocaproate) between the human (1.1B4) and murine (MIN6) pancreatic beta cell lines. MTS assay was conducted as an indicator of the metabolic activity of both cell lines. Polarographic detection of (ΔO2) and lactate were used to measure the oxygen consumption rate and anaerobic glycolysis respectively. The mitochondrial redox state was monitored via RH123 distribution and NAD(P)H autofluorescence. The metabolic assays showed glucose stimulated MTS reduction in MIN6 cells in a time and concentration dependent manner and nor in 1.1B4. Both sub strates failed to affect OCR, NADPH and increased lactate production in 1.1B4 cells. However, they stimulated OCR, increased NADPH, increased lactate output but was less extent and hyperpolarized the mitochondria in MIN6 cells. The above results showed that 1.1B4 cells are mainly depending on the glycolytic pathway different from MIN6 cells which rely on mitochondrial respiration. In conclusion, 1.1B4 cell line represents a new model to study the bioenergetics profile because it depends on the anaerobic glycolysis rather than aerobic respiration of the other models such as MIN6 and islets.
Influences Des Modes D’accès A La Terre Sur La Production Agricole Dans Les Communes De Dassa-Zoumé Et De Glazouè Au Centre Du Bènin
Authors: Gislain Kadjegbin Toundé Roméo , Ibouraima Yabi , Théodore Adjakpa T. , Parfaite Kotchare , Grégoire Sewade Sokegbe , Sègbè Houssou Christophe
Published: March 2018

The land plays an important role in the social and economic life of the populations of all of the world in general and in the rural world in particular in such a way that it constitutes the essential support of every agricultural activity. The purpose of this article is to study the influence of the access to land on the agricultural production in the communes of Dassa-Zoumé and Glazoué. From a sample of 279 farm households, the study of the influence of land access on the agricultural production in the communes of Dassa-Zoumé and Glazoué was made using the questionnaire sent to farmers and CARDER/Zou authorities. In order to collect reliable information, a presurvey was carried out at first, followed by an individual interview, a focus group and a MARP ( Active Participatory Research Method). Similarly, the SWOT analyses model was used and the Ruthenberg coefficient was calculated to better appreciate the cropping system used in both communities. At the end of the analyses, we can notice that in the communes of DassaZoumé and Glazoué, inheritance remains the main modes of access to land with 82,9%, followed by ‘’donation’’with5,1%, then the borrowingwith4,3% and the collective appropriation(2,6%), renting(1,7%), sharecropping(1,7%) and the purchase(1,7%). OF these different modes of access, the inheritance is the most privileged while renting, sharecropping and buying constitute binding modes. These different modes of access determine the different uses that can be made of rural land and constitute either a constraint or an asset for agricultural production.
Echographie Pédiatrique En Pratique Hospitaliere Au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) De Kara Au Togo
Authors: N’timon B. , Gbande P. , Dagbe M. , Dossouvi T. , Tchaou M. , Amadou A. , Sonhaye L. , Agoda-Koussema L.K. , Adjenou K.V.
Published: March 2018

Purpose: To list pediatric ultrasound exams performed at Kara University Hospital Center in Togo and the pathologies observed. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective and descriptive study of the results of pediatric ultrasound examinations performed in the Department of Radiology and Imaging of Kara University Hospital Center. The study ran from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2016, over a period of 3 years. Results: The frequency of pediatric ultrasounds was 5.1%. The average age of the patients was 2.16 years with extremes of 1 day to 15 years. There was a male predominance with a sex ratio of 1.4. Abdomino-pelvic ultrasound were the most represented, 92%, followed by cervical ultrasound in 2.6% of cases. Abdominal ultrasound indications were dominated by abdominal pain in 33.6% of cases, followed by palpation of abdominal mass in 15.7%. Cervical ultrasounds were motivated in 5 out of 8 cases by the cervical swelling. Abdomino-pelvic ultrasonography was pathological in 70.1% of cases. Hepatic affections were the most common abdominal abnormality in 37.8% of cases followed by splenic disorders. Hepatic lesions were dominated by European Scientific Journal February 2018 edition Vol.14, No.6 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431 444 homogeneous hepatomegaly with 63.2% of cases. Cervical ultrasound was pathological in 6 out of 8 cases. The lesions observed were mainly cervical lymphadenopathy (4 cases out of 6). Conclusion: Ultrasound is a very useful tool in the exploration of pediatric diseases. The abdominal ultrasound is the most performed and hepatic pathologies are the most common.
Un Acercamiento A La Relación Pitagórica A Través Del Cálculo De Ternas
Authors: Guerrero Carlos Rondero , Nava Marcos Campos , Rodríguez Agustín Alfredo Torres , Hernández Juan Alberto Acosta
Published: March 2018

The Pythagorean Theorem and more formally the Pythagorean Relationship (PR), is one of the most well-known and used results in the context of school mathematics, given that it is an axis of conceptual articulation between different areas of Mathematics. However, in the school context it is common for a Didactic Reductionism to be presented, only enunciating it and presenting the algebraic expression that relates the squares of the sides of a right triangle, leaving aside its great historical and epistemological significance. In view of this problem, this documentary research aims to design an alternative proposal to broaden the understanding of the Pythagorean Relationship, which is based on the calculation of Pythagorean Ternas. Three different methods are proposed to generate positive integers, that satisfy the Pythagorean Theorem and suggest questions that can guide learning activities to promote the understanding of some important elements within Mathematics, particularly in reference to the identification of numerical patterns.
Daytime Lighting Assessment in Textile Factories Using Connected Windows in Slovakia: A Case Study
Authors: Katunský Dušan , Dolníková Erika , Dolník Bystrík
Published: March 2018

This paper highlights the problems associated with daylight use in industrial facilities. In a case study of a multi-story textile factory, we report how to evaluate daylight (as part of integral light) in the production halls marked F and G. This study follows the article in the Buildings journal, where Hall E was evaluated (unilateral daylight). These two additional halls have large areas that are 54 × 54 meters and are more than 5 meters high. The daylight is only on the side through the attached windows in envelope structures in the vertical position. In this paper, we want to present two case studies of these two production halls in a textile factory in the eastern part of Slovakia. These are halls that are illuminated by daylight from two sides through exterior peripheral walls that are against or next to each other. The results of the case studies can be applied in similar production halls illuminated by a ‘double-sided’ (bilateral) daylight system. This means that they are illuminated by natural illumination through windows on two sides in a vertical position. Such a situation is typical for multi-storied industrial buildings. The proposed approximate calculation method for the daylight factor can be used to predict the daylight in similar spaces in other similar buildings.
A New Mn-Salen Micellar Nanoreactor for Enantioselective Epoxidation of Alkenes in Water
Authors: Trusso Sfrazzetto Giuseppe , Ballistreri Francesco P. , Toscano Rosa Maria , Amato Maria Emanuela , Pappalardo Andrea , Gangemi Chiara M. A. , Spidalieri Sofia , Puglisi Roberta
Published: March 2018

A new chiral Mn-salen catalyst, functionalized with a long aliphatic chain and a choline group, able to act as surfactant catalyst for green epoxidation in water, is here described. This catalyst was employed with a commercial surfactant (CTABr) leading to a nanoreactor for the enantioselective epoxidation of some selected alkenes in water, using NaClO as oxidant. This is the first example of nanoreactor for enantioselective epoxidation of non-functionalized alkenes in water.
Hypoxia and Chromatin, a Focus on Transcriptional Repression Mechanisms
Authors: Batie Michael , del Peso Luis , Rocha Sonia
Published: March 2018

Hypoxia, or reduced oxygen availability, has been studied extensively for its ability to activate specific genes. Hypoxia induced gene expression is mediated by the HIF transcription factors, although not exclusively so. Despite the great knowledge on the mechanisms by which hypoxia activates genes, much less is known about how hypoxia promotes gene repression. In this review, we discuss the potential mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced transcriptional repression responses. We highlight HIF-dependent and independent mechanisms, but also the potential roles of dioxygenases with functions at the nucleosome and DNA level. Finally, we discuss recent evidence regarding the involvement of transcriptional repressor complexes in hypoxia.
Transitions from Single- to Multi-locus Processes during Speciation
Authors: Schilling Martin P. , Mullen Sean P. , Kronforst Marcus , Safran Rebecca J. , Nosil Patrik , Feder Jeffrey L. , Gompert Zachariah , Flaxman Samuel M.
Published: March 2018

During speciation-with-gene-flow, a transition from single-locus to multi-locus processes can occur, as strong coupling of multiple loci creates a barrier to gene flow. Testing predictions about such transitions with empirical data requires building upon past theoretical work and the continued development of quantitative approaches. We simulated genomes under different evolutionary scenarios of gene flow and divergent selection, extending previous work with the additions of neutral sites and coupling statistics, allowing us to investigate if and how selected and neutral sites differ in the conditions they require for transitions during speciation. As the per-locus strength of selection grew and/or migration decreased, it became easier for selected sites to show divergence – and thus to rise in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with each other as a statistical consequence – farther in advance of the conditions under which neutral sites could diverge. Indeed, even very low rates of gene flow were sufficient to prevent differentiation at neutral sites. However, once strong enough, coupling among selected sites eventually reduced gene flow at neutral sites as well. To explore whether similar transitions might be detectable in empirical data, we used published genome resequencing data from three taxa of Heliconius butterflies. We found that allele-frequency outliers and F ST outliers exhibited stronger patterns of LD than the genomic background, as expected. The statistical characteristics of LD – likely indicative of the strength of coupling of barrier loci – varied between chromosomes and taxonomic comparisons. Broad qualitative agreement between the patterns we observed in the empirical data and our simulations suggests that selection drives rapid genome-wide transitions to multi-locus coupling, illustrating how divergence and gene flow interact along the speciation continuum.
From Protein Features to Sensing Surfaces
Authors: Faccio Greta
Published: March 2018

Proteins play a major role in biosensors in which they provide catalytic activity and specificity in molecular recognition. The immobilization process is however far from straightforward as it often affects the protein functionality. An extensive interaction of the protein with the surface or a significant surface crowding can lead to changes in the mobility and conformation of the protein structure. This review will provide an insight of how the analysis of the physico-chemical features of the protein surface features before the immobilization process can help to identify the optimal immobilization approach to preserve the functionality of the protein when on the surface of the biosensor.
The Fourth Workshop on Lineshape Code Comparison: Line Merging
Authors: Alexiou Spiros , Stambulchik Evgeny , Gomez Thomas , Koubiti Mohammed
Published: March 2018

For a given set of plasma parameters, along a single series (Lyman, Balmer etc) the lines with higher
principal quantum number(n) lines get progressively wider, closer to each other,
and start merging for a certain critical n.
In the present work four different codes(with further options) are used to calculate the entire Balmer series for moderate and high electron densities. Particular attention is paid to the relevant physics, such as the cutoff criteria, strong and penetrating electron collisions.
Effects of Excitatory Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Anterior Intraparietal Area in Chronic Stroke Patients
Authors: da Silva Ronaldo Luis , de Souza Angela Maria Costa , Santos Francielly Ferreira , Inoue Sueli Toshie , Higgins Johanne , Frak Victor
Published: March 2018

1) Objective: to evaluate the effects of excitatory transcranial magnetic stimulation of the anterior intraparietal area in chronic patients with a frontal lesion and parietal sparing due to stroke on the impaired upper (UL) and lower limb (LL) as measured by Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA). 2) Methods: three patients (P1: 49.83/2.75, P2: 53.17/3.83, P3:63.33/3.08 years-old at stroke/years post-stroke, respectively) received two weeks (five days/ week) of rTMS at 10 Hz of the left anterior intraparietal area (AIP). A patient was treated in similar conditions with a sham coil (56.58/4.33) No complimentary therapy was delivered during the study. Patients were evaluated before, after- and two-months post-treatment (A1, A2 and A3, respectively). 3) Results: We found increased scores for lower limb in motor function subsection for P1 and P3 and in sensory function for P2 by A2 that remained at A3. We also found an increased score for upper limb motor function for P2 and P3, but the score decreased by A3 for P2. P3 score for upper limb ROM increased by A3 compared to A1 and A2. 4) Conclusion: AIP excitatory rTMS increased the FMA scores for lower and upper limb function, showing a broader effect when compared to M1 stimulation.
Gastropod Shell Dissolution as a Tool for Biomonitoring Marine Acidification, with Reference to Coastal Geochemical Discharge
Authors: Marshall David , Aminuddin Azmi , Mustapha Nurshahida , Ting Teck Wah Dennis , De Silva Liyanage
Published: March 2018

Marine water pH is becoming progressively reduced in response to atmospheric CO2 elevation. Considering that marine environments support a vast global biodiversity and provide a variety of ecosystem functions and services, monitoring of the coastal and intertidal water pH assumes obvious significance. Because current monitoring approaches using meters and loggers are typically limited in application in heterogeneous environments and are financially prohibitive, we sought to evaluate an approach to acidification biomonitoring using living gastropod shells. We investigated snail populations exposed naturally to corrosive water in Brunei (Borneo, South East Asia). We show that surface erosion features of shells are generally more sensitive to acidic water exposure than other attributes (shell mass) in a study of rocky-shore snail populations (Nerita chamaeleon) exposed to greater or lesser coastal geochemical acidification (acid sulphate soil seepage, ASS), by virtue of their spatial separation. We develop a novel digital approach to measuring the surface area of shell erosion. Surficial shell erosion of a muddy-sediment estuarine snail, Umbonium vestiarium, is shown to capture variation in acidic water exposure for the timeframe of a decade. Shell dissolution in Neripteron violaceum from an extremely acidic estuarine habitat, directly influenced by ASS inflows, was high variable among individuals. In conclusion, gastropod shell dissolution potentially provides a powerful and cost-effective tool for rapidly assessing marine pH change across a range of spatial and temporal frameworks and coastal intertidal environments. We discuss caveats when interpreting gastropod shell dissolution patterns.
Accounting for Field-Scale Dry Deposition in Backward Lagrangian Stochastic Dispersion Modelling of NH3 Emissions
Authors: Häni Christoph , Flechard Christophe , Neftel Albrecht , Sintermann Jörg , Kupper Thomas
Published: March 2018

A controlled ammonia (NH3) release experiment was performed at a grassland site to quantify the effect of dry deposition, at the field scale between the source and the receptors (NH3 measurement locations), on the estimates of emission rates by means of inverse dispersion modelling. NH3 was released for 3 hours at a constant rate of Q = 6.29 mg s−1 from a grid of 36 orifices spread over an area of 250 m2. The increase in line-integrated NH3 concentration was measured with open-path optical miniDOAS devices at different locations downwind of the artificial source. Using a backward Lagrangian stochastic (bLS) dispersion model (bLSmodelR), the fraction of the modelled release rate to the emitted NH3 (QbLS/Q) was calculated from the measurements of the individual instruments. QbLS/Q was found to be systematically lower than 1, on average between 0.69 and 0.91, depending on the location of the receptor. We hypothesized that NH3 dry deposition to grass and soil surfaces was the main factor responsible for the observed depletion of NH3 between source and receptor. A dry deposition algorithm based on a deposition velocity approach was included in the bLS modelling. Model deposition velocities were evaluated from a ‘big‑leaf’ canopy resistance analogy. Canopy resistances (generally termed Rc) that provided QbLS/Q = 1 ranged from 75 to 290 s m−1, showing that surface removal of NH3 by dry deposition can plausibly explain the original underestimation of QbLS/Q. The inclusion of a dry deposition process in dispersion modelling is crucial for emission estimates, which are based on concentration measurements of depositing tracers downwind of homogeneous area sources or heterogeneously distributed hot spots, such as e.g. urine patches on pastures in the case of NH3.