bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards a Maturity Model for Clinical Decision Support Operations
Authors: Orenstein Evan W. , Muthu Naveen , Weitkamp Asli O. , Ferro Daria F. , Zeidlhack Mike D. , Slagle Jason , Shelov Eric , Tobias Marc C.
Published: October 2019

Clinical decision support (CDS) systems delivered through the electronic health record are an important element of quality and safety initiatives within a health care system. However, managing a large CDS knowledge base can be an overwhelming task for informatics teams. Additionally, it can be difficult for these informatics teams to communicate their goals with external operational stakeholders and define concrete steps for improvement. We aimed to develop a maturity model that describes a roadmap toward organizational functions and processes that help health care systems use CDS more effectively to drive better outcomes. We developed a maturity model for CDS operations through discussions with health care leaders at 80 organizations, iterative model development by four clinical informaticists, and subsequent review with 19 health care organizations. We ceased iterations when feedback from three organizations did not result in any changes to the model. The proposed CDS maturity model includes three main “pillars”: “Content Creation,” “Analytics and Reporting,” and “Governance and Management.” Each pillar contains five levels—advancing along each pillar provides CDS teams a deeper understanding of the processes CDS systems are intended to improve. A “roof” represents the CDS functions that become attainable after advancing along each of the pillars. Organizations are not required to advance in order and can develop in one pillar separately from another. However, we hypothesize that optimal deployment of preceding levels and advancing in tandem along the pillars increase the value of organizational investment in higher levels of CDS maturity. In addition to describing the maturity model and its development, we also provide three case studies of health care organizations using the model for self-assessment and determine next steps in CDS development.
Individualized Ablation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Tailored Approaches across the Phenotype Spectrum
Authors: Devcic Zlatko , Elboraey Mohamed , Vidal Lucas , Mody Kabir , Harnois Denise , Patel Tushar , Toskich Beau B.
Published: October 2019

Ablation is now recommended by international guidelines for the definitive treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Extensive clinical studies have demonstrated outcomes comparable to surgical resection with shorter hospital stays, decreased costs, and improved quality of life. Successful ablation requires complete treatment of both tumor and margin while preserving critical adjacent structures. HCC exhibits highly variable presentations in both anatomic involvement and biology which have significant implications on choice of ablative therapy. There are now abundant ablation modalities and adjunctive techniques which can be used to individualize ablation and maximize curative results. This article provides a patient-centered summary of approaches to HCC ablation in the context of patient performance, hepatic reserve, tumor phenotype and biology, intra- and extrahepatic anatomy, and ablation technology.
Malignant Transformation of an Enchondroma of the Hand: A Case Report
Authors: Vegas María Jesús Rivera
Published: October 2019

We present the case of the transformation of an enchondroma in the middle phalanx of the fourth finger of the left hand into a chondrosarcoma. The patient presented a lesion with clinical history, examination, and radiology findings consistent with an enchondroma, which was conservatively treated. Two years later, the patient came for a medical visit with a clinical and radiological variation of the lesion. Computed tomography scans and biopsy revealed a lesion with sarcomatous degeneration which was confirmed after the controlled amputation of the fourth finger. The malignant transformation potential of an enchondroma must be considered.
Radial Forearm Free Tissue Transfer to Clival Defect
Authors: Moy Jennifer D. , Gardner Paul A. , Sridharan Shaum , Wang Eric W.
Published: October 2019

Introduction Reconstruction of craniocervical junction (CCJ) defects after endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery (ESBS) remains challenging, despite advancements in vascularized intranasal and regional flaps. Microvascular free tissue transfers have revolutionized reconstruction in open skull base surgery but have been utilized rarely in ESBS. We describe the use of a radial forearm free flap (RFFF) for reconstruction of a recalcitrant CCJ defect after resection of a clival chordoma.

Case Report A 54-year-old female who underwent ESBS for a clival chordoma complicated by a C1–C2 epidural abscess after proton beam therapy presented with pneumocephalus 4 years after her resection (Fig. 1). At the CCJ, she developed a 1-cm skull-base defect. An occult cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak persisted despite an extracranial pericranial flap and a lateral nasal wall flap. Her definite reconstruction was a RFFF inset through a transmaxillary approach. Using a maxillary vestibular incision, anterior, lateral, and medial maxillotomies allowed the introduction of the flap into the nasal cavity and the passage of the RFFF pedicle across the posterior maxillary wall, into the premassateric space and to the facial vessels at the mandible. An endonasal inset supplemented with transoral suturing of the distal end of the flap to the posterior oropharynx halted further CSF egress. Vascularization of the flap was confirmed with intraoperative indocyanine green angiography and postoperative computed tomography (CT) angiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Conclusion A RFFF inset through a transmaxillary approach to the facial vessels has an adequate reconstructive surface and pedicle to cover the central and posterior fossa skull base after ESBS (Fig. 2).

The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/rQ5vJKyD5qg.
Syntheses and Molecular Structures of Heteroleptic and Homoleptic Antimony(III) Tetrafluorophenylethylenediamidate Complexes
Authors: Aldabbagh Areej K. , Junk Peter C. , Wang Jun
Published: October 2019

A series of hetero- and homoleptic organoamidoantimony(iii) complexes of the type [SbLMe3−nCln] (n=2, 1, 0) (HLMe=p-HC6F4NH(CH2)2NMe2) incorporating a bulky amido fluorinated ligand tethered with an amino pendant arm, have been successfully synthesised and fully characterised as monomers in the solid state. [Sb(p-HC6F4NC2H4NMe2)Cl2] (1), [Sb(p-HC6F4NC2H4NMe2)2Cl] (2), and [Sb(p-HC6F4NC2H4NMe2)3] (3) were isolated by metathesis reactions involving different stoichiometric ratios between SbCl3 and Li(p-HC6F4N(CH2)2NMe2) (LiLMe) in non-coordinating solvents, while [Sb(p-HC6F4NC2H4NMe2)Cl2] (1) was also synthesised by the direct reaction between SbCl3 and HLMe in THF providing an interesting alternative pathway to access these types of compounds.
Potential physiological involvement of nesfatin-1 in regulating swine granulosa cell functions
Authors: Ciccimarra R. , Bussolati S. , Grasselli F. , Grolli S. , Paolucci M. , Basini G.
Published: October 2019

Nesfatin-1 has recently been indicated as a pleiotropic molecule that is primarily involved in the metabolic regulation of reproductive functions acting at hypothalamic level. The aim of this study was to explore the local action of nesfatin-1 in swine ovarian follicles. Nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2) was verified using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in swine granulosa cells from different sized follicles and nesfatin-1 was localised by immunohistochemistry in sections of the whole porcine ovary. The effects of different concentrations of nesfatin-1 on cell growth, steroidogenesis and the redox status of granulosa cells were determined invitro. In addition, the effects of nesfatin-1 were evaluated in an angiogenesis bioassay because vessel growth is essential for ovarian follicle function. Immunohistochemistry revealed intense positivity for nesfatin-1 in swine granulosa cells in follicles at all developmental stages. Expression of the gene encoding the precursor protein NUCB2 was higher in granulosa cells from large rather than from medium and small follicles. Further, nesfatin-1 stimulated cell proliferation and progesterone production and interfered with redox status by modifying nitric oxide production and non-enzyme scavenging activity in granulosa cells from large follicles. Moreover, nesfatin-1 exhibited a stimulatory effect on angiogenesis. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that nesfatin-1 is physiologically present in the swine ovarian follicle, where it may impair granulosa cell functions.
Regional seasonality of fire size and fire weather conditions across Australia's northern savanna
Authors: Perry Justin J. , Cook Garry D. , Graham Erin , Meyer C. P. (Mick) , Murphy Helen T. , VanDerWal Jeremy
Published: October 2019

Australia’s northern savannas have among the highest fire frequencies in the world. The climate is monsoonal, with a long, dry season of up to 9 months, during which most fires occur. The Australian Government’s Emissions Reduction Fund allows land managers to generate carbon credits by abating the direct emissions of CO2 equivalent gases via prescribed burning that shifts the fire regime from predominantly large, high-intensity late dry season fires to a more benign, early dry season fire regime. However, the Australian savannas are vast and there is significant variation in weather conditions and seasonality, which is likely to result in spatial and temporal variations in the commencement and length of late dry season conditions. Here, we assess the temporal and spatial consistency of the commencement of late dry season conditions, defined as those months that maximise fire size and where the most extreme fire weather conditions exist. The results demonstrate that significant yearly, seasonal and spatial variations in fire size and fire weather conditions exist, both within and between bioregions. The effective start of late dry season conditions, as defined by those months that maximise fire size and where the most extreme fire weather variables exist, is variable across the savannas.
Diasporic stances, homeland prisms: representing diaspora in the homeland as internal negotiation of national identity
Authors: Asscher Omri , Shiff Ofer
Published: October 2019

This paper suggests that images and stances associated with the diaspora in the homeland culture offer a unique prism through which internal tensions in homeland collective identity may be dissected and understood. We believe it is worthwhile to broaden the spectrum of inquiry of recent research on quantifiable diaspora economic and political involvement in homeland nation-states to the inherently fluid, abstract realm of cultural representation. The paper implements this research orientation by offering a preliminary discussion of homeland-construed representations and stances of the diaspora, based on the case study of Israel. Israel is a particularly useful case for our purposes because of the degree to which the diaspora serves as a ‘significant other’ for the homeland national culture. Our claim is that two main prisms, or frames of reference, which we label as ‘minority stance’ and ‘authenticity,’ designate Israeli views of its diaspora that prove fundamental to Israeli national self-definition. The degree of authenticity ascribed in Israeli culture to representations and practices associated with the diaspora is contingent on the positive or negative value attributed to them as embodying a ‘minority stance,’ that is, to the diaspora giving central importance to its environing host society in its own identity and self-understanding. Using Greek culture as a comparative point of reference, we suggest that these prisms may be but two examples of various homeland ‘filters’ on the diaspora experience – filters which pertain to the homeland society’s ongoing internal negotiations of identity and symbolic boundary work.
The FlexNett Simulator
Authors: Tangrand Kristoffer , Bremdal Bernt
Published: October 2019

This paper documents research conducted in the Norwegian FLEXNETT project. It describes a new tool that was developed to study the future impact of prosumers with PV panels on the grid in Norway and the potential energy flexibility that lies with residential prosumers. Systematic use of energy flexibility can be an important instrument for managing peak loads and voltage problems in weak power grids. The influx of distributed energy resources can amplify this problem, but also help to resolve it. Self-balancing neighborhoods can be very attractive. This implies that loads related to energy demands can be curtailed and leveled out by different controllable devices or managed by using local energy production in the area to reduce the impact on the general distribution grid. The simulation tool is GIS based and can be applied to study the situation related to a single household, a neighborhood or in a specific transformer area. Unlike similar tools that address production yields over a period, the FLEXNETT Simulator addresses production and energy dynamics down to every 10 minutes. Due to the relatively low solar angle in Norway and rapidly changing weather these dynamics can be very prominent and induce local impact that is specific to a house or a neighborhood. The paper further describes how a recurrent neural network has been used as an engine to produce realistic values for the simulator.
Parametric study for the long term energetic performance of geothermal energy piles
Authors: Ferrantelli A , Fadejev J , Kurnitski J
Published: October 2019

Geothermal energy constitutes an important renewable resource that will become increasingly prominent in future constructions. A common method of extraction and usage consists of installing, inside the foundation piles of buildings, U-shaped heat exchangers called “energy piles”.

In this paper such installations are addressed by means of a full parametric study, performed for a hall-type commercial building in a cold climate. By computing the transient heat transfer between energy piles and ground for a period of 20 years, guidelines for a preliminary sizing of the geothermal system as a whole are provided. These are valid for this specific building and climate, for a clay-type soil and without assuming thermal storage.

A highly nonlinear behaviour of the expected yield in relation to pile separation and evaporator extraction power is observed. Furthermore, 15m-long piles are found to be more efficient than those with double length, a smaller extraction power seems to be more favourable and differences in the pile diameter have little impact for heat transfer.

A geothermal system sizing guide, which is useful for a preliminary quantitative test prior to any installation, is introduced. Even though our specific results are valid only for a commercial hall-type building in Finland, our procedure is qualitatively general and can be utilized for any given building type and climate zone.
The Norwegian ZEB definition and lessons learnt from nine pilot zero emission building projects
Authors: Andresen Inger , Wiik Marianne Kjendseth , Fufa Selamawit Mamo , Gustavsen Arild
Published: October 2019

In the frame of the Norwegian Research Centre on Zero Emission Buildings, nine real-life zero emission pilot building projects were initiated during the period of 2009 to 2017. Eight of the pilot building projects have been constructed and are currently in use, whilst one of them is still in the planning phase. All the pilot projects have been followed up by researchers during the design, construction, and operation phases, by e.g. analyses of construction documents, and post-occupancy surveys. The main lessons learnt from this work are presented in this paper. They include the importance of an integrated design process, having clear goals and associated assessment methods, following a strategy based on ‘trias energetica’, as well as choosing locally sourced materials with low embodied carbon and long service lives, and increasing the focus on the users.
Web tool for quantitative sustainability evaluation of hygro-thermally optimized insulation solutions
Authors: Walther S , Birkved M , Perkov T H , Bjarløv S P
Published: October 2019

This study is part of the EU funded project RiBuild and aims to create a web tool for supporting decisions relating to energy retrofits of historic buildings. The web tool provides a quantitative sustainability evaluation of hygro-thermally optimized insulation solutions through a greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions indicator. The study presents LCAs of five insulation systems for installation in historic buildings. The web tool accommodates 160 locations in seven countries and generates 210,180 impact profiles by combining insulation system, installation location, and heating systems. In 2 % of the scenarios, the induced impacts exceed the avoided impacts. Across all analyses, the mineral wool insulation system is the least GHG intensive solution. This study illuminates that the environmental justification of internal insulation depends on the geographical location of installation and the installed heating system in the retrofitted building. To further improve the sustainability performance of energy retrofits in historic buildings, the implementation of insulation recycling solutions and measures for reducing production impacts of insulation systems are needed.
Local energy markets as a solution for increased energy efficiency and flexibility
Authors: Ilieva I , Bremdal B , Lopez A A S de la Nieta , Simonsen S H
Published: October 2019

With increasing share of distributed renewable energy resources in the grid and arising energy consumer awareness on environmental challenges new market models are sought where energy can be traded in an efficient and end-user centric way. This trend, together with the increasing consciousness on the benefits of local consumption and production has given rise to an increased focus on local energy market structures. Within the E-REGIO project, funded through the ERA-Net Smart Grid Plus initiative, local energy markets have been paid particular attention. This paper discusses opportunities associated with local energy trading, as verified through the E-REGIO local energy system pilot - Skagerak EnergiLab in Norway. Embracing, among others, local loads, energy storage system, PV generation and a large consumer (stadium facility), the pilot-based simulations have produced some useful insides on the implementation of local energy markets and have helped collect learnings that can be of benefit for future local energy market establishments.
Influence of smart lighting control on the lifetime of high power LED luminaires
Authors: Askola Janne , Baumgartner Hans , Pulli Tomi , Kärhä Petri , Ikonen Erkki
Published: October 2019

LED lighting and smart controlling can decrease the consumption of electric power in zero or positive energy buildings. This study demonstrates that cyclic dimming, which appears in smart controlling, e.g. through occupancy sensing, might have an effect on the luminaire lifetimes and failure rates. Two different types of LED luminaires were aged in 30-s cycled dimming and undimmed modes. The manufacturer-specified lifetimes for both luminaire types were 100 000 hours. For one of the luminaire types, four out of five cycled units failed before 30 000 operating hours. For the uncycled luminaires, the lifetimes estimated from the measurements were over 100 000 hours. For the other type, the estimated lifetimes were 75 000 hours and 64 000 hours for uncycled and cycled luminaires, respectively.
Thermal conductivity of high-performance insulation - a laboratory study. Realistic design values for use in energy-efficient buildings
Authors: Sletnes Malin , Elvebakk Kristin , Gaarder Jørn Emil , Rognvik Egil , Grynning Steinar
Published: October 2019

Aerogel insulation blankets could be the solution to some of the challenges encountered when designing (energy efficient) buildings. However, uncertainties regarding performance in different applications and environments may limit their use in cases where they could otherwise be employed to advantage. The purpose of this study was to examine how to best adapt European standards for the measurement of thermal insulation properties to aerogel insulation and highlight important aspects to be aware of when evaluating material parameters. We have systematically varied measurement parameters for thermal conductivity and compressive strength to map the impacts on reported material properties. Furthermore, we have compared the measurement conditions to actual conditions in selected building applications. In conclusion we propose that the European (EN) standard for measuring compression behavior for insulation materials should be revised and clarified with regards to materials that do not exhibit a clear elastic domain. We also suggest that the thermal conductivity of aerogel insulation blankets should be measured with a slight compressive load on the material, but that the calculation of the thermal conductivity should nevertheless be based on the measured sample thickness.
Development of a Greenlandic sustainable index for residential buildings
Authors: Labansen Martin Erik , Bastien Diane
Published: October 2019

Globally, there has been a rising focus on improving the sustainability of buildings. Reaching zero net greenhouse gas emissions or producing excess renewable energy throughout the entire lifetime of a building is now clearly possible and certainly worth aiming for. However, in remote Nordic regions like Greenland, current building practices are so far away from these targets that setting intermediary goals is the only option for moving forward in the construction industry. Besides, remote Nordic regions are facing different challenges that are not considered into current building certification schemes, making some practices that can be highly sustainable in some regions inapplicable or even detrimental there. It would be highly desirable to have a certification scheme more accessible for improving current building practices in remote Nordic regions. For a sustainability index to be widely adopted in such a context, it should be relatively simple and straightforward to implement. This contribution presents the Greenlandic Sustainable Index (GSI) for residential buildings, which was developed with the goal to be simple to implement while being ambitious in terms of level of performance. This index is composed of three main categories: Economical, Social and Environmental sustainability.
Tracing the environmental impact origin within the existing building portfolio of prevailing building typologies
Authors: Rønholt Julie , Malabi Eberhardt Leonora Charlotte , Birkved Morten , Birgisdottir Harpa , Bey Niki
Published: October 2019

As circular economy (CE) is becoming a growing focus in the building industry due to the industries large resource consumption, waste production and environmental impacts a better understanding of buildings material composition, resource consumption and resulting environmental performance becomes increasingly important in order to support the transition towards CE. The research presented here is a stepping stone in order to investigating the existing building portfolio and the conducted analysis. It is used to get further information on what is included and where there is lack of information, in order to understand what is missing or what is needed to develop CE design strategies. Although, life cycle assessment (LCA) is increasingly used by the industry to assess these aspects, the lack of a systematic analytical approach as well as the high building complexity and diversity between buildings limits generalised knowledge from these studies. However, it is assumed that there are certain commonalities between the existing portfolio of prevailing building typologies which can be deducted. The study at hand is a part of a larger research project that aims at developing industry specific tools to support designers and decision makers select CE design strategies that improve the environmental performance and resource consumption of buildings. On the basis of a comprehensive systematic literature review (SLR) of whole building LCAs the paper at hand aims at tracing the environmental impact origin within the existing building portfolio of prevailing building typologies. To identify potentially important building parameters relevant to the resulting environmental impact performance and resource consumption of different building typologies. Based on 39 building LCA case studies that matched the specific inclusion and exclusion criteria of the SLR a focus on global warming and climate change was detected. It was found that even though buildings have different characteristics (size, typology, storeys, reference study period and location), for most of the buildings’ environmental impacts were predominantly related to the production of structurally important concrete components e.g. the structural frame, the external envelope, floor slabs and walls. To point towards which CE design strategies should be used to improve the environmental performance of buildings; the environmental information from the studies was insufficient due to lack of detailed information.
Recognizing of Building Components to Achieve Green Performance for Renovation and Retrofitting Works
Authors: Juliardi R D , Misnan M S , Khalid A G , Haron L
Published: October 2019

Renovation and retrofitting have differing meanings. The term renovation refers to the process of returning something to a good state of repair. In the construction industry, improvement relates to the method of improving or modernizing an old, damaged, or defective building. The opposed to a term of retrofitting which is providing something with a component or feature not fitted initially. Retrofitting means giving something with a part or not installed during manufacture or adding something that it did not have when first constructed. Otherwise, it used as improving the health of occupants or increasing the building adaptability, durability, and resiliency. The strategy of green achievement is the purpose of the research. This state of the art is providing how researchers to understand the achievement strategy from building components. To provide a clear overview for the reader, which are building components in Green Building. Then Green building is one of the measures forward to mitigate significant impacts of the building stock on the environment, society, and economy. Professional for respondents taken from three which has differed on AMSL and climate, exploring for knowledge and practices profiles. However, this paper consists of a critical review of the existing body of knowledge of researches related to the strategies of green building achievement. The research themes and findings identified. These universal themes are the definition and scope of renovation and retrofitting on green building, and discussions approach to achieve green buildings by researchers how recognizing the building comIponents. It found that the emphasis played predominately focus on knowledge of professional role as the aspects which are affecting green building achievement. Future research opportunities were identified, such as climatic of all countries to consider green building assessment tools and future-proofing on preconstruction. We suggest developing an awareness of managing and controlling preconstruction work for achieving green achievement. Moreover, it could develop to the next research on developing a strategy on green construction for construction management and project management.
Antibacterial Effectiveness Of Formulations Nanoemulsion Cratoxylum Glaucum Korth. Extract
Authors: Enggiwanto S , Riyani N , Pratama Y , Roanisca O , Mahardika R G
Published: October 2019

Cratoxylum glaucum Korth. is a members of the family Hypericaceae which are spread in Indonesia, one of which is found in the forest of the Bangka Belitung Islands. Cratoxylum glaucum Korth is often used by the people of Bangka Belitung as a flavoring ingredient from ancient times until now it is still consumed and utilized by people around Bangka Belitung. One source of natural antioxidants is the top of the crust. The effort of increasing its activity is very strong, so in this study we try to develop extraction of Cratoxylum glaucum made in the form of nanoemulsion. This study aims to determine the comparison of Cratoxylum glaucum extract in nanoemulsion preparations with extracts as antibacterial. Nanoemulsion is made with the composition of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) as an oil phase, tween 80 as surfactant and aquades as a water phase with a ratio of 2.5: 10: 25. The nanoemulsion extract of Cratoxylum glaucum have a size 422.9 nm and PI value 0.493. The antibacterial activity of nanoemulsion formulation has inhibitory growth power in moderate categorized Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, whereas in the extract of Cratoxylum glaucum it has the inhibitory growth of active Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
Decision-Making Analysis of Road Maintenance in North Kalimantan Region Using Technology of Fuzzy Logic (Case Study: Liang Bunyu Street Section, West Sebatik Sub-District, Nunukan District)
Authors: Nawir D , Prihartanto E
Published: October 2019

This study aims to assess the condition of pavement to determine the type and level of damage that occurs on the road, determine the handling or maintenance based on the damage that occurred. Calculating the value of road damage, One way to determine the condition of road damage is to use the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method and to make road maintenance decisions using Fuzzy Logic, and provide maintenance model simulations. The stage of data collection is done by direct observation to the field and data analysis using PCI and Fuzzy Logic methods to make decisions with the help of Matlab Student Version software. The research location is Liang Bunyu Street, West Sebatik Sub-District, Nunukan district. The results obtained from the data analysis on the damage to the Liang Bunyu Street section have a PCI value of 804,53 of Damaged with Average grade condition based on Pavement Condition Index (PCI) pavement rating. Fuzzy logic Mamdani Method, road maintenance, obtained by road damage of 804.53 m2 and Grade Condition 70 %, with the decision of maintenance of 26 is Escalation.
Use of indention velocity derivative for estimation of envelope points when the wraparound points are known method
Authors: Yu Lebedev S , Babichev D A , Babichev D T
Published: October 2019

There is a modification to the undifferentiated surface points’ estimation methods that are formed by envelope methods. This method: doesn’t need a lot of additional calculations; easily fits the existing analysis systems of forming processes; essentially reduces the overall total of calculations at adequate accuracy.
Design of algorithm for creation of modular lines of specialpurpose machines in the automotive industry
Authors: Galík J , Kohár R , Capák T
Published: October 2019

This article deals with modularity of special-purpose machines in the automotive industry. The Slovak economy, by its interconnection to engineering and most to the automotive industry, often solves the lowest costs, whether in the sphere of production or in the field of assembly. This question is associated with the question of special-purpose machines. The design and specificity of each such device results in high development and construction costs. It is important to mention the modularity that is very often used in the design of such devices. Due to the large variability of the automotive environment, it is a big prerequisite for the future rebuilding of equipment, which is usually expensive and time consuming. By looking for connections and bonds between elements, can be created some modules. By creating a modular construction of the device, it is possible, if a requirement comes, to reconfigure the device and prepare it for new production requirements, respectively. Certain algorithms and procedures are needed to design such devices and utilize the modular arrangement of the device. By creating such modular lines, whether in assembly or in production, we are able to save energy, work and money.
Model of "short cycles" as innovative product development
Authors: Gromova E A
Published: October 2019

The fourth industrial revolution is a phenomenon that is actively becoming a reality and that initiates a change in the strategic guidelines of industrial enterprises. The previous strategic indicators such as scale of production, cost and quality have been replaced by a value system such as rapid response, flexibility, disruptive innovation and speed. Organization of production in today's reality has an important characteristic, reflecting the concentration at the stage of product development. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to offer effective product development concept in the context of reducing time to market. The concept of the model of «short cycles» is considered. The example of implementing this model in PJSC Severstal, which is the flagship of the Russian industry, is analyzed. The company has launched a global transformation, one of the points of which is the provision of excellent customer experience. Its implementation requires innovative and effective product development models, such as the model of "short cycles", which has already brought initial success to the company.
Study accuracy of a transportation system positioning of a test rig for automated mounting of luster terminals
Authors: Dimitrova R K , Zhmud V , Petrov N N , Vakarelska T A
Published: October 2019

A test rig for study of parameters of a process of automated assembly of luster terminals is designed and developed. The aim of the developed test rig is to study the accuracy of positioning of the transport system during the automated assembly process of luster terminals. On the basis of data collected during the experiments, reliability analysis of the whole system has been made.
Toward a sustainable mobility: A solar vehicle for a new quality of life
Authors: Minak G , Lukovic M , Maglio S , Kojic S
Published: October 2019

The vehicular mobility causes 15% of greenhouse gases emission: one million tons of carbon anhydrite per hour. In addition, it produces CO, NOx, fine powders, carcinogenic and mutagenic elements: these substances will disappear in the presence of solar vehicles. And solar mobility would also mitigate indirect effects: fuel used to transport fuel, energy for the distillation of hydrocarbons, gas leaks, even fracking, explosions, rivers and oceans. In contrast, electric and hybrid vehicles do not allow this improvement in the quality of life. In almost all modern countries, the energy mix is strongly unbalanced towards fossil fuels: massive electrification would not make mobility sustainable, but rather risks worsening its effect on the environment by shifting the problem of emissions from cities to power plants. The Sun, indeed, can guarantee long-term sustainable mobility: for every circulating solar vehicle CO2 production is really zero. From July to today, our solar racing car has travelled 3000 km, avoiding to emit half a ton of CO2: reporting these data to a conventional use, each solar vehicle would avoid the release of 1.5 tons of CO2 per year: like planting 10 large trees for each month in our garden. This study describes how to transform a solar super-car into an ordinary vehicle for urban and everyday mobility.
First assessment on suspension parameter optimization for a solar – powered vehicle
Authors: Sorrentino S , De Felice A , Grosso P , Minak G
Published: October 2019

Optimization of suspension parameters with respect to comfort and road holding is a challenging issue for solar–powered cars, due to in–wheel electric engines on very light vehicles, carrying payloads which can exceed their total mass. The solar–powered car considered in this study was designed and manufactured for racing by the University of Bologna; with a mass of 300 kg and a payload of 320 kg due to four occupants, using 5 m2 of monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel on the roof, 64 kg of lithium–ion batteries and two electric engines coupled directly to the rear wheels, it can achieve either a range of 600 km at cruising speed, or velocity peaks of 120 km/h. In this contribution, equivalent vertical stiffness and equivalent damping coefficients are optimized for both axles, achieving results that in terms of comfort and road holding are comparable to those of standard passenger cars.
Sequential deposition method of TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3 films for solar cell application
Authors: Oliveira A E R T P , Bonatto F , Alves A K , Fragassa C
Published: October 2019

Seeking to study innovative solar cell compositions with the goal to reach the highest energy efficiency level attainable, the aim of this study was to develop a route to obtain a solar cell composed by hybrid perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) using a sequential deposition method through the techniques of spin-coating and immersion. Initially, the deposition of PbI2 thin film of was performed on a FTO/glass substrate coated with TiO2, which was subsequently converted into perovskite crystals through spin coating using a CH3NH3I solution. The influence of the PbI2 layer thickness on the formation of CH3NH3PbI3 crystals was evaluated. The hydrophilic characteristic of TiO2 affects the distribution of the crystals nucleation sites, since PbI2 possesses a non-polar liquid characteristic. The characterization of the perovskite thin films showed that thickness affects directly the bandgap and the surface morphology, revealing the presence of dendritic structures and acicular crystals. Both growth and coverage increased for thinner layers of PbI2. It was also possible to observe an increased uniformity in the film for smaller PbI2 layers.
Innovation in solar vehicles: From concept to prototype in less than 24 months
Authors: Maglio S , Lukovic M , Zavatta N , Leardini A
Published: October 2019

The present article describes the integrated path used for the conceptual, functional and constructive design of an exclusive multi-occupant solar-powered vehicle. The project was based on the massive implementation of concurrent engineering and quality tools, rarely used in such an integrated way, featuring a novel and attractive design, 3D CAD modelling, structural and fluid dynamics validations, in-scale rapid prototyping, functional tests, multi-objective optimization, parts manufacturing and assembly. Thanks to this approach, the solar car prototype presented high technological contents, especially in terms of materials, structures and processes. Furthermore, large CNC-machined multi-material molds and hybrid manufacturing solutions were adopted to speed up the production phase allowing to move from the initial concept to the final prototype within 24 months. Since June 2018, the solar vehicle is on the road transporting 4 people, weighing less than 300kg, reaching speeds of 120km/h and able to travel hundreds of kilometers with zero-emission and no fuel consumption.
Fostering inclusion and diversity through research, teaching, mentoring, and outreach
Authors: Torres Jorge Z.
Published: October 2019

I am deeply humbled and honored to receive the American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB) Prize for Excellence in Inclusivity. Thank you to the ASCB for recognizing the contributions of faculty to inclusion and diversity in STEM and the importance of this for the advancement of science. Thank you to the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) for your generous support of inclusivity. The prize money will be used to fund outreach activities aimed at increasing inclusion in science and to create research opportunities for students from underrepresented groups in the sciences. In this essay, I share bits of my life’s story that I hope will resonate with a broad audience, especially students from underrepresented groups in STEM, and that drive my passion for inclusion and diversity. I provide points of consideration for students to enhance their preparation for science careers and for faculty to improve the current landscape of inclusion and diversity in STEM.
How much is my paper worth?
Authors: Chernoff Jonathan
Published: October 2019

For scientific research to have an impact, its findings need to be communicated. Usually, such communications take the form of published papers in a journal. Given that most papers are rarely cited, yet consume a great deal of a scientist’s time, treasure, and talent, the value of scientific publication as an enterprise merits consideration. What is a paper really worth? In this Perspective, I consider three potential values: career, science, and society.
Model-based clustering of multi-tissue gene expression data
Authors: Erola Pau , Björkegren Johan L M , Michoel Tom
Published: October 2019

Motivation

Recently, it has become feasible to generate large-scale, multi-tissue gene expression data, where expression profiles are obtained from multiple tissues or organs sampled from dozens to hundreds of individuals. When traditional clustering methods are applied to this type of data, important information is lost, because they either require all tissues to be analyzed independently, ignoring dependencies and similarities between tissues, or to merge tissues in a single, monolithic dataset, ignoring individual characteristics of tissues.

Results

We developed a Bayesian model-based multi-tissue clustering algorithm, revamp, which can incorporate prior information on physiological tissue similarity, and which results in a set of clusters, each consisting of a core set of genes conserved across tissues as well as differential sets of genes specific to one or more subsets of tissues. Using data from seven vascular and metabolic tissues from over 100 individuals in the STockholm Atherosclerosis Gene Expression (STAGE) study, we demonstrate that multi-tissue clusters inferred by revamp are more enriched for tissue-dependent protein-protein interactions compared to alternative approaches. We further demonstrate that revamp results in easily interpretable multi-tissue gene expression associations to key coronary artery disease processes and clinical phenotypes in the STAGE individuals.

Availability and implementation

Revamp is implemented in the Lemon-Tree software, available at https://github.com/eb00/lemon-tree

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Governing Through Relationship: A Positive Critique of School Social Work Practice in Post-Earthquake, Christchurch, New Zealand
Authors: Tudor Raewyn
Published: October 2019

This article outlines some findings from an inquiry undertaken in the aftermath of 2011 earthquake in Christchurch, New Zealand, in which positive critique was used to examine the practice accounts of twelve school social workers alongside characteristics of recovery policies. Consistent with Foucault’s (1988, 2003a,b, 2013a) mode of critique and his theorisation of biopolitics and pastoral power, positive critique recognises the multiplicity and productivity of contemporary power relations operating at the populational, collective and individual levels of life. A feature of the participants’ accounts of their practices with affected schoolchildren in the recovery space is their commitment to restoring and protecting their clients’ well-being through therapeutically inclined relational practice. The Christchurch earthquake recovery strategy also sets out the provision of specialised, individual assistance for vulnerable populations excluded from ‘normal’ psychosocial recovery processes because of their inability to participate in community self-help initiatives. The findings presented in this article provide a critical space for social workers to reflect on the dimensions of their relational work that function as therapeutic governance practices that can both strengthen and resist the normative notions of vulnerability and recovering well.
SEPT7 Interacts with KIF20A and Regulates the Proliferative State of Neural Progenitor Cells During Cortical Development
Authors: Qiu Runxiang , Runxiang Qiu , Geng Anqi , Liu Jiancheng , Xu C Wilson , Menon Manoj B , Gaestel Matthias , Lu Qiang
Published: October 2019

Balanced proliferation and differentiation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are critical for brain development, but how the process is regulated and what components of the cell division machinery is involved are not well understood. Here we report that SEPT7, a cell division regulator originally identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, interacts with KIF20A in the intercellular bridge of dividing NPCs and plays an essential role in maintaining the proliferative state of NPCs during cortical development. Knockdown of SEPT7 in NPCs results in displacement of KIF20A from the midbody and early neuronal differentiation. NPC-specific inducible knockout of Sept7 causes early cell cycle exit, precocious neuronal differentiation, and ventriculomegaly in the cortex, but surprisingly does not lead to noticeable cytokinesis defect. Our data uncover an interaction of SEPT7 and KIF20A during NPC divisions and demonstrate a crucial role of SEPT7 in cell fate determination. In addition, this study presents a functional approach for identifying additional cell fate regulators of the mammalian brain.
Do vegetarians less frequently carry ESBL/pAmpC-producing Escherichia coli/Klebsiella pneumoniae compared with non-vegetarians?
Authors: Meijs Anouk P , Gijsbers Esther F , Hengeveld Paul D , Veenman Christiaan , van Roon Annika M , van Hoek Angela H A M , de Greeff Sabine C , van Duijkeren Engeline , Dierikx Cindy M
Published: October 2019

Background

ESBL and plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC)-producing Enterobacteriaceae are frequently found on meat products in Dutch retail, especially on poultry.

Objectives

We investigated whether vegetarians are at lower risk of carrying ESBL/pAmpC-producing Escherichia coli/Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-E/K) compared with persons who consume meat.

Methods

Vegetarians, pescatarians (vegetarians who eat fish) and non-vegetarians (persons who eat meat at least three times per week) were asked to send in a faecal sample and a questionnaire. ESBL-E/K were cultured and MLSTs were determined. ESBL/pAmpC genes were analysed using PCR and sequencing. The risk of ESBL-E/K carriage in the three study groups was analysed using multivariable logistic regression.

Results

Prevalence of ESBL-E/K carriage was 8.0% in vegetarians (63/785; 95% CI 6.3–10.1), 6.9% in pescatarians (27/392; 95% CI 4.8–9.8) and 3.8% in non-vegetarians (14/365; 95% CI 2.3–6.3). Multivariable analysis showed an OR for ESBL-E/K carriage of 2.2 for vegetarians (95% CI 1.2–4.0) and 1.6 for pescatarians (95% CI 0.8–3.2) compared with non-vegetarians. The predominant MLST was E. coli ST131 and the most common ESBL genes were blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-27, blaCTX-M-14 and blaCTX-M-1 in all diet groups. Independent risk factors for ESBL-E/K carriage were travel to Africa/Latin America/Asia (OR 4.6; 95% CI 2.8–7.7) in the past 6 months and rarely/never washing hands before food preparation (OR 2.5; 95% CI 1.2–5.0).

Conclusions

Vegetarians and pescatarians did not have a lower risk of ESBL-E/K carriage compared with non-vegetarians, indicating that eating meat is not an important risk factor for ESBL-E/K carriage.