bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integration model of total quality management and six sigma in hospital quality management
Authors: Guspianto Guspianto , Asyary Al , Ibnu Ismi Nurwaqiah
Published: December 2020

Implementation of quality management is very important for hospitals to improve processes, solve problems, and reduce variations and errors in service, including through the implementation of popular Total Quality Management (TQM) and Six Sigma (SS) as new quality management strategies to increase profitability, effectiveness and efficiency of the organization's operations to meet customer’s needs. This study aims to develop an integrated hospital quality management model from the practice of TQM and SS to provide synergy in improving hospital performance. The study design was cross sectional through a survey using a questionnaire on 863 respondents, namely all employees ranging from doctors to administrative personnel at 8 hospitals. The TQM and SS practice integration model identified as “Quality Management Alliance Model (QMA)” consists of 6 variable constructs, namely: Management Practice (MP); TQM Infrastructure Practice (IPTQM); SS Infrastructure Practice (IPSS); Core Practice TQM (CPTQM); Core Practice SS (CPSS); and Hospital Performance (KRS) with 12 structural equations hypothesized. Data analysis are performed using Structural Equation Model through 2 tests, namely analysis of measurement models using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) second order approach and structural model analysis. The results of the first order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) analysis, after issuing invalid indicators (SLF≤0.5 and t≤1.96), obtained constructs of latent variables with models fit, valid, and reliable. Then in the second order CFA analysis on the overall model after being simplified through LVS (latent variable score) the study obtained construct model fit, valid and reliable. The results of the structural model analysis obtained a model fit with 11 structural equations that are positively and significantly related (t> 1.96). This study proves that the QMA model is feasible and can be applied to measure the implementation of hospital quality management. Hospital management is recommended to implement the QMA Model optimally to improve performance.
The effects of strategy and market orientation on the performance of Vietnamese startups
Authors: Hai Hoang Van , Xuan Nguyen Duc , Thao Truong Duc , Hien Pham Thi Thu
Published: December 2020

This study is based on the results of a survey of 518 start-ups in Vietnam during the period of establishment from 2016 to 2018. Data collection lasted from November 2019 to May 2020, interrupted by Covid-19 translation and collected data were processed on SPSS20 and AMOS24 software, model estimation and hypothesis testing using linear structural equations (SEM). The research results show that business strategy and market-oriented factors had positive impacts on the performance of Vietnamese startups. However, no regulatory relationship of business strategy has been found that affects the impact relationship of market orientation with business performance. In addition, the study also found that, in current context, startups pursuing defensive strategies have more success than firms pursuing pioneering strategies and startups in the field. Trade / services are more likely to succeed than in agriculture and industry.
Do stakeholders matter? Stakeholders as moderators in the relationship between formal strategic plan-ning and organizational performance
Authors: Twaissi Naseem , Aldehayyat Jehad
Published: December 2020

In this globalized world, every company is struggling to sustain and improve its performance. This study investigated the role of formal strategic planning on organizational performance. Moreover, this relation is explored further with the moderation of stakeholders’ involvement. The empirical data were collected from 220 chief executives or general managers of manufacturing companies using a questionnaire survey. AMOS software was used to analyze the collected data. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to test the hypothesis, and moderation was investigated using a slop test. The results of the study revealed that formal strategic planning could enhance the performance of the organization. Furthermore, the results highlighted that stakeholder's involvement could strengthen the relationship between formal strategic planning and organizational performance. Previous studies have highlighted the importance of overall strategic management in enhancing an organization's performance. The research also revealed that performance was affected mainly by formal strategic planning and stakeholder involvement. The study used manufacturing companies in Jordan. Moreover, the data was collected from 220 respondents. Therefore, future studies should be conducted from any other country's perspective and use a larger sample size. This study has used moderation of stakeholder's involvement to get more specific results. Future studies should use organizational culture as a moderating variable.
Uncontrolled consumption and life quality of low-income families: A study of three major tribes in south Sulawesi
Authors: Tamsah Hasmin , Ilyas Gunawan Bata , R. Abdul Latief , Nur Yuswari , Yusriadi Yusriadi , Asrifan Andi
Published: December 2020

Poverty analysis has often been necessary to generate new studies and publications. But for all the countries in the world, including Indonesia, poverty remains a concern. Indonesia has diverse concepts of culture, comprising of numerous tribes and traditions. Any empirical findings suggest that culture is closely correlated with customs and behaviors. It is what motivated the authors with a resource-based approach to undertake this study. This paper forms part of a series of documents created since 2010 and added fields and informants in 2018. This paper would include an overview of the behavior trends and improvements in disadvantaged households' quality of life. Besides their low wages, their eating habits are complicated due to their limited capacities. The researchers discusse “uncontrolled consumption” in this article, which exacerbates low-income families with low income. All of this directly impacts their life experience.
Customer satisfaction and trust interaction model
Authors: Napitupulu Runggu Besmandala , Sihombing Nikous Soter , Napitupulu Binur Pretty , Pardede Erwin
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the interaction between customer satisfaction and trust in a structural model. Sample consists of 210 Suzuki motor bikes’ users, aged 17-64, domiciled in Medan. Structural equation model approach is used to process raw data. Respondents' opinions were taken proportionally throughout the Medan city sub-districts. Questionnaires were submitted accidentally. The results show that customer satisfaction and trust partially had positive and significant effect on brand equity and repurchase intention. Brand equity did not show any indirect causal relationship mediator of the three exogenous variables to repurchase intention. Programs related to customer satisfaction and trust better increase brand equity and repurchase intention directly. Interaction variable existence in research model increases Chi-Square probability, decreases standard deviation, and increases t-value. Interaction variable creates synergy on the influence of customer satisfaction and trust to increase brand trust. Any programs to increase brand equity through customer satisfaction and trust should be implemented, simultaneously. The two exogenous variables will bring out the synergy that comes from this interaction.
Intrinsic leadership: Scale development and testing its validity
Authors: Riyadiningsih Hening , Nurhayati Siti , Haryadi Haryadi , Kaukab M. Elfan
Published: December 2020

Intrinsic leadership is a new concept of leadership and is built based on philosophically and psychologically of the intrinsic meaning. The basic philosophy of its development is a holistic leadership philosophy that integrates cognitive, affective, conative, and spiritual as the core of leadership. The purpose of developing intrinsic leadership is to create a vision and value congruence, empower cooperation between all stakeholders and especially build an organization like a family so that it creates attachment, trust, a motivation that has an impact on organizational performance. Intrinsic leadership is conceptually different from the previous concept of leadership that only rests on one or several elements that the leader has as a human. Development of measurement scales and validity testing provides a foundation that facilitates quantitative research in intrinsic leadership. There are three studies carried out, the first is scale development and testing the content validity of intrinsic leadership measurements. Testing the content validity is accomplished by analyzing and calculating the content validity index (CVI) and Kappa coefficient data are obtained from a panel expert consisting of eight experts. The second study is related to testing construct validity of intrinsic leadership using EFA from 186 data collected from owner-managers of SMEs. The results show that there are twenty-six indicators extracted into eight factors that are intrinsic leadership measurement scale. The third study aims to test empirically or confirm measurement model of intrinsic-leadership using CFA.
Five Challenges of Change Management
Authors: Rudnev Evgeny A.
Published: December 2020

The five main сhallenges on the way of managing change in organizations at the present stage of development of science are differences in leaders, differences in management and changes mechanisms, markers of changes, the effectiveness of strategic actions, career of employees. A long and difficult path in theory and practice is the development and search for methods of social science. Human resource management and change management - openness of the question about the most effective mechanism of change in organizations.
Steinbeck's Phalanx Theory: Reflections on His Great Depression Novels and FDR's New Deal
Authors: Connor William James
Published: December 2020

Steinbeck's use of the phalanx in his three Great Depression novels—In Dubious Battle, Of Mice and Men, and The Grapes of Wrath—mirrored the New Deal agenda set by President Franklin Roosevelt. Alexander Saxton summarizes the influence of Steinbeck's works on FDR: “They helped to justify its programs for Social Security, unemployment insurance, labor legislation, and agricultural subsidies” (260).
Peri-Aneurysmal Brain Edema in Native and Treated Aneurysms: The Role of Thrombosis
Authors: Onofrj Valeria , Tampieri Donatella , Cianfoni Alessandro , Ventura Elisa
Published: December 2020

Cerebral peri-aneurysmal edema (PE) is typically associated with giant partially-thrombosed aneurysms and less frequently with smaller aneurysms treated with endovascular embolization. An understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanism of PE is still limited. We report 3 cases of cerebral aneurysms associated with PE. We describe 2 cases of giant partially thrombosed aneurysms surrounded by vasogenic edema with apposition of an intramural and juxtamural thrombus. Our third case is a smaller aneurysm inciting vasogenic edema several years after coil embolization. Vessel-wall magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed avid wall enhancement and an enhancing thrombus embedded within the coils, reflecting inflammation of the aneurysm wall and proliferation of the vasa vasorum. Thrombosis within the aneurysmal sac and walls, both in native and treated aneurysms, may promote inflammatory changes and sustain the occurrence of PE. Vessel-wall MRI has a potential role in the evaluation process of this subgroup of aneurysms.
Modelling labour demand in Poland
Authors: Radlińska Kamila , Jaros Krzysztof , Jakubowska Agnieszka , Rosa Anna
Published: December 2020

The aim of the paper is to construct a long-term model of labour demand in Poland, in which the explanatory variables are the average gross salary and gross value added. Additionally, the authors attempt to detect labour hoarding. The study adopted the production approach, which used autoregressive distributed lag model with an ARDL-ECM error correction mechanism. The model parametres were estimated on the basis of quarterly data on the average number of persons employed, the average monthly gross salary and gross value added, all of which related to the period from the first quarter of 2002 to the fourth quarter of 2018. The data used in the study came from Statistics Poland publications. The proposed approach estimated the actual demand for labour. In the analysed period, a long-term relationship between the average employment, the average monthly gross salary and gross value added was observed. Employment was decreasing as the average salary was growing, and its increase was connected with the production growth. Moreover, short-term deviations of the value of the actual employment from the value of employment estimated by the model were observed on the labour market, which indicates labour hoarding could have been taking place. However, due to an insufficient number of observations, the occurrence of this phenomenon could not be fully confirmed.
Forms Used to Convey Reported Speech in French Epistolary Novel
Authors: Rogoza Olga
Published: December 2020

The article is focused on the study of forms used to convey reported speech in the French epistolary novel of the 18th–20th centuries. The study is based on the novels Les Liaisons dangereuses by Pierre Choderlos de Laclos, Mémoires de deux jeunes mariées by Honoré de Balzac, and Les jeunes filles by Henry de Montherlant, which are prominent examples of the epistolary novel of the respective epochs. Proceeding from duality of the epistolary novel, i.e., a combination of the form of a letter andthe genre of the novel, the French epistolary novel is defined by its special structure and composition, which determine perception of the information delivered in the novel. The form that conveys reported speech is aligned with writer’s intention. A descriptive variant of presenting dialogues prevails, while the use of direct speech in decisive moments of narration results from the pursuit of credibility. When the credibility is not more important, the reported speech is used to describe the characters and cover their characterisations. Indirect speech is used in an epistolary novel more often, but free indirect speech is virtually absent, which is explained by the absence of narrative speech that is usually interpreted via free indirect speech.
Personal Pronouns in CHET and CECheT: Authorial Presence and Other Nuances Revealed
Authors: Moskowich Isabel
Published: December 2020

This paper aims at presenting a portrait of late Modern English scientific writing by studying its use of first-person pronouns. Pronouns reveal authorial presence and their quantification may be helpful. Following previous research (Moskowich, 2017), I have now conducted a qualitative analysis in which pronouns are grouped according to five functions each of them with a different pragmatic value. My research questions include whether there is a tendency from author-centred to object-centred prose over time, whether female writers are more present in their writings than their male counterparts and whether texts belonging to the Humanities (represented here by the Corpus of History English Texts) are also more “subjective” than those belonging to the Hard Sciences (represented by the Corpus of English Chemistry Texts), generally regarded more “objective” and, therefore, more unlikely to contain a high amount of personal pronouns and more so with certain pragmatic functions. The use of variables such as time, sex of the author and discipline allow for a study of change on the one hand and of variation on the other.
EUR-Lex duomenų bazės generalinio advokato išvadų vertimas iš prancūzų kalbos į lietuvių kalbą: šalutinių pažyminio sakinių atvejo analizė
Authors: Leonavičienė Aurelija
Published: December 2020

EUR-Lex teisės srities dokumentų vertimų įtaka originaliai ir verstinei lietuvių administracinei teisės kalbai lėmė pastarojo dešimtmečio lingvistų ir vertimo tyrėjų susidomėjimą kintančia administracine lietuvių kalba. Šiame straipsnyje, kurio tyrimo objektu pasirinkti prancūzų kalbos teisės tekstams būdingi šalutiniai pažyminio sakiniai, papildantys pagrindinio sakinio referentą dalykine informacija ir einantys po pažymimojo žodžio, analizuojama teisės tekstų vertimo iš prancūzų kalbos į lietuviųkalbą tema. Straipsnio tikslas – ištirti ES Teisingumo Teismo generalinio advokato išvadų, rašytų prancūzų kalba, šalutinių pažyminio sakinių vartojimo ypatumus, jų semantinio turinio perteikimo lietuvių kalba sprendimus ir su tyrimo objektu susijusius žanrinius analizuojamų tekstų požymius.Atliktas daugiakalbės EUR-Lex dokumentų duomenų bazės generalinio advokato išvadų tyrimas leido pastebėti prancūzų kalbos teisės tekstams būdingų šalutinių pažyminio sakinių kiekybinio pasiskirstymo ir jungimo prie pagrindinio sakinio ypatumus, kurie patikslino mokslinėje literatūroje aprašytas jų vartojimo administracinėje kalboje tendencijas. Holistinis šių sakinių vertimo į lietuvių kalbą tyrimas atskleidė kiekybiškai reikšmingą vertimo sprendimų pasiskirstymą, diferencinius verstinės teisės kalbos požymius ir kognityvinės vertėjo patirties svarbą interpretuojant turinį ir sprendžiant jo raiškos klausimus.
Mego Kin Classification
Authors: Forth Gregory
Published: December 2020

This is the first published account of kin classification of Mego, a district in the extreme eastern part of the Lio region of Flores Island. Despite recent changes affecting marriage practices, the terminology survives as a classification of asymmetric alliance. Terminological usage is discussed with reference to traditional social forms and comparatively, in relation to several other Lio terminologies, cognate terms in other Ngadha-Lio languages, and Malayo-Polynesian and Austronesian protoforms. Needham’s (1984) blanket characterization of an implicitly unitary “Lio” terminology as revealing features of asymmetric alliance in the first ascending and descending levels, but symmetric features in ego’s level, is refuted by showing quite continuous variation among different parts of Lio, as well as symmetric indications in other levels. The latter are discussed both as features that ignore or supersede “wife-takers” subordination to “wife-givers” as receivers of brides, and as evidence for a historical transformation from symmetric to asymmetric alliance.
Nablus under Siege
Authors: Kamal Noura
Published: December 2020

In recent years, the Palestinian city of Nablus has experienced great suffering due to attacks by the Israeli forces. Strict curfews imposed on the city did not only affect daily life and lead to deteriorating economic conditions, but also had an impact on the psychological well-being of the inhabitants. The peak of the violence was in 2002 when Israeli forces occupied Nablus city and ordered a curfew for three months. The suffering that people faced during this period took on different dimensions - most notably immobility - as a result of the continuous siege and the constant threat of being shot at when breaking the curfew. This article will be examining the ways in which religious belief contributed to creating resilience which had a major influence on the inhabitants’ steadfastness (ṡumud) during the siege and its aftermath.
Family Transformation in the Colonial Context of German Togo
Authors: Piwowarczyk Darius J.
Published: December 2020

This article concerns administrative and cultural mechanisms that the colonial government and the Catholic Steyler missionaries (SVD) in German Togo were using in the process of transforming the traditional social fabric of local ethnic groups ‒ the process that had also a significant impact on the institution of family by altering community-based African conceptions about the human being. Those administrative and cultural tools of social disciplining were supported by the contemporary ideological framework composed of Christian, positivist and nationalist components. The example of the family of Martin Aku ‒ Togolese intellectual and political activist ‒ illustrates the effectiveness of that system. The phenomenon that contradicted the then mainstream ideology of white superiority was the growing number of individuals of mixed ancestry - the “unwanted fruit” of liaisons between European colonial agents and indigenous women.
Using Compensating Variation to Measure the Costs of Taxing Cigarette in Iran
Authors: Raei Behzad , Takian Amirhossein , Yaseri Mehdi , Abdoli Ghahreman , Emamgholipour Sara
Published: December 2020

Background: The impact of pricing strategies on different socioeconomic groups is not uniform. There is urgency in addressing of characteristics of household demand to make a policy choice in line with development goals. Objectives: This study was done to assess the effect of welfare loss from counterfactual tax-induced cigarette price increases on representative smokers by different expenditure quintiles in Iran. Methods: This analytical study was conducted using pooling cross-sections and compensating variation (CV) to evaluate the costs of taxing cigarettes. The data source used in our study was the Household Income and Expenditure survey (HIES) from 2001 - 2017. We did an almost ideal demand system (AIDS) analysis to estimate elasticities for cigarette demand and compute welfare losses from simulated cigarette price increases by socioeconomic groups. We used STATA version 15.1 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA), and Microsoft Excel 2016 to undertake the relevant analyses and estimates. Results: The highest loss was suffered by households of the poorest quintile, who should afford 1.41%, 2.47 %, and 3.20% more budget in the long-run, respectively, as the result of three simulated price increases to stay at the same well-being as before. Conclusions: Concerning direct welfare loss from the cigarette taxation reform in Iran, and focusing on low-income groups, such a policy can be considered as regressive. However, this regressivity can be reduced by informing strategies to redirect sin tax revenues that benefit the poor.
Strengthening regional resilience through adaptive collaboration: A case study on the fisheries co-management Northern Bohuslän
Authors:   Nordregio, Cedergren Elin , Huynh Diana , Morf Andrea , Moodie John
Published: December 2020

This policy brief examines how co-management arrangements within small-scale fisheries can play a key role in enhancing sectoral and regional resilience. Despite major challenges, “multi-stakeholder collaborations” - such as co-management - demonstrate the potential for innovative knowledge transfer and strategic adaptation processes within the fisheries sector. The focus here is on Co-management Northern Bohuslän (Samförvaltning Norra Bohuslän), which promotes sustainable local fisheries and blue growth on Sweden’s west coast. The case illustrates how, under appropriate conditions, participatory local efforts can significantlycontribute to sustainability and resilience. The policy brief presents findings on related challenges and opportunities, including recommendations on future directions for the co-management initiative itself, and more general suggestions for co-management as a means to promote sectoral and regional resilience in the Nordic region.
Du texte aux ressources multimodales : faire avancer la recherche en interprétation à partir d’un corpus déjà existant†
Authors: Bendazzoli Claudio , Bertozzi Michela , Russo Mariachiara
Published: December 2020

En règle générale, la linguistique de corpus repose sur des sources textuelles et vise l’analyse d’instances représentatives de la langue orale ou écrite. Toutefois, le rôle des ressources non verbales et multimodales y est crucial, car ces dernières contribuent considérablement aux processus de création de sens, tant dans le cas de la communication directe que dans celui de la communication médiée. Ce rôle est d’autant plus essentiel pour les études en interprétation, où les transcriptions des interactions médiées ne peuvent refléter qu’une partie des échanges communicationnels. Des projets comme EPIC (European Parliament Interpreting Corpus) tentent donc d’inclure des ressources multimodales dans leur corpus (p. ex. les informations extralinguistiques, la vidéo et les enregistrements audios) et définissent de nouvelles bases pour les corpus d’interprétation conçus ultérieurement. Nous aborderons ici les développements de cet ordre et donnerons trois autres exemples de tels corpus : DIRSI (Directionality in Simultaneous Interpreting), EPTIC (European Parliament Translation and Interpreting Corpus), le corpus et la plateforme Anglintrad. Ces ressources linguistiques tirent de nouveaux avantages de la multimodalité et offrent des ressources textuelles et multimédias indépendantes ou alignées. Ces exemples montrent l’importance de conserver des formats et des structures souples lorsque l’on crée un corpus d’interprétations, de façon que les ressources ainsi constituées puissent faire progresser les études en interprétation au-delà d’un niveau strictement textuel.
Stages of museum development of Saint Petersburg in the Imperial Russia
Authors: Deveykis Marina
Published: December 2020

This article examines museum construction in one of the major Russian regions – Saint Petersburg of the XVIII – early XX centuries. The author determines four stages: early museums, specialized museums, new field-specific groups, museum expansion; as well as their key traits and peculiarities. Special attention is turned to the latter stage – museum expansion (1894-1916). The author presents the matrix of all established museums in chronological order, their founders, year of creation, and relations with the field-specific groups. The scientific novelty consists in the attempt to fill the gap by carrying out a first comprehensive research dedicated to museum development in Saint Petersburg of the imperial period. In order to reflect the processes unfolding in the history of museums of Saint Petersburg, the author reveals the trends and patterns, indicates the significance of museums created by the contemporaries, and demonstrates the link between the emergence of museums and the economic upswing in the country. Colossal experience of museum construction of Saint Petersburg, understanding of its importance in preservation of cultural and historical heritage, as well as progressive ideas of museum figures served as the prerequisite for creating the state supervision system and museum legislation, and allow outlining the ways for future development of museums.
The perception of “new” immigration in different strata of American society (late XIX – early XX centuries)
Authors: Kostyleva Aleksandra
Published: December 2020

The subject of this research is the factors that led to formation of a negative image of “new” immigration and the occurrence of anti-immigrant moods in the United States in the last decades of the XIX – beginning of the XX centuries. The author examines the social interaction processes between the local Anglo-Saxon population and the representatives of the so-called “new” immigration from Asia and South-Eastern Europe, which replaced the traditional labor immigration from Western and Northern Europe. Special attention is given to studying the origins of hostility and xenophobia towards migrants manifested in different strata of US society – the representatives of working and middle class, academic and cultural intelligentsia, and political elite. The author concludes that all social classes showed antagonism towards the “new” immigration. Although, the rhetoric on immigration varied depending on affiliation to one or another social segment. Working and middle class were concerned about competition on the job marker, social tension and nonconformity of immigrants to the image of the “ideal American”; while the ruling elites adhered to the ingrained in public discourse idea of Anglo-Saxon supremacy, which later on became the foundation for restrictionist policy towards migrants who were trying to get established in their land.
Sanitary situation in the districts of construction of Baikal-Amur Mainline (1970s – 1980s)
Authors: Baikalov Nikolai Sergeevich
Published: December 2020

Sanitary situation in the developing Siberian and Far Eastern settlements that occurred in the course of industrial modernization of the late XX century represents one of the insufficiently research topics within Russian historiography. The goal of this work lies in examination of sanitary situation in the districts of construction of Baikal-Amur Mainline during implementation of the large-scale transport project. Detailed analysis is conducted on the problems of providing services and amenities to the developing settlements, as well as sanitary-hygienic conditions of social and industrial. Special attention is given to the assessment of impact of sanitary situation of new settlements upon population health of the territories in question. The research methodology leans on the modern concepts in the area of urban planning, social and common history. Alongside the traditional documentary analysis, the author employs the methods of oral history and historical anthropology. Empirical framework is comprised of archival documents, Soviet periodicals, personal sources, and the field research results. Unlike other research that determine natural and climatic conditions as the key factors of unfavorable sanitary situation, the author places emphasis on imperfections in construction operations. Settlements of Baikal-Amur Mainline were characterized by high-density construction, littering of territories, ubiquity of “temporary barracks” and “squatter settlement”, disruption in heat and water supply, etc. Sanitation and hygiene standards were not upheld in building and upkeep  of facilities of social and cultural designation, in worksite organization in construction, industrial and transport enterprises. This led to high incidence of cold-related and infectious diseases, as well as industrial traumatism. Due to the efforts of authorities and public organizations, some settlements achieved high results in municipal improvement and sanitary situation. In majority of cases, sanitary and hygienic living conditions in the districts of Baikal-Amur Mainline remained unsatisfactory throughout the entire period of construction of the railway.
Behind the scenes of the only session of the Supreme Soviet of RSFSR during the Great Patriotic War (March 1944)
Authors: Baibakov Sergei Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2020

This article is first within the Russian historiography to reconstruct the backstage of life of the deputies of the Supreme Soviet of RSFSR that is not reflected in the published official documents or media materials of that time. It includes the arrangement of cultural and everyday services for the deputies of the Supreme Soviet of RSFSR during the 5th session held in Moscow on March 1-4, 1944. Leaning on the archival materials, the author demonstrates how the deputies were notified about the upcoming session in the time of war; organization of their meeting at the train station, accommodation in the Hotel Moskva and Grand Hotel, as well as the sanitary and epidemiological measures taken thereof. Representation of food menu, cultural and entertainment program, organization of bookselling, rendering of reference and information services that met requests of the deputies, are also of great interest. Alongside the institutional and functional methods of studying the activity of government branches well-established within the Russian historiography, the author also employs the historical-anthropological approach focused on examination of the human factor. The author believes that hosting such national forum was a representation of the “festive” form of Soviet culture, which acquired a unified and pronounced ideological character during the Soviet rule. Taking into consideration complexity of the situation in the conditions of wartime, creation of an “isle” of relatively luxury life for the deputies, even for a short time, can be viewed as one of the forms of ensuring their loyalty towards the ruling government.
Attraction of foreign direct investment into the economy of CIS countries in the conditions of regional integration
Authors: Mammadov Tural
Published: December 2020

The goal of this article consists in the analysis of investment relations between CIS countries at the current stage, and as well as in development of proposals aimed at attraction of direct foreign investment into economy of the union in the conditions of regional integration. The article examines the peculiarities of investment process in CIS. The author outlines the common factors that delimit the expansion of economic integration within the union. The research is based on the scientific articles, databases of international organizations, analytical materials of CIS partner countries. Methodology includes such approaches as scientific abstraction, logical generalization, economic-statistical and factor analysis, clustering method, and circumstantiation. The essence of direct investment is revealed. The author suggests the original classification of foreign direct investment from the perspective of their role in the modern global economy. The role of direct investment in the development of CIS partner countries is described. The conclusion is made on the key development trends of investment relations in CIS countries. The article substantiates the need to develop agencies for attracting foreign direct investment, establish shared centers in the area of public-private partnership, as well as create joint sovereign funds and enterprises in high-tech sectors of the national economy. It is proposed to form a single specialized center for coordinating monetary policy of CIS member-states.
Evaluación de las características fisicoquímicas y de la actividad antimicrobiana del aceite del árbol de té contra Cutibacterium acnes (Propionibacterium acnes) ATCC 6919
Authors: Ossa-Tabares Johana Carolina , Llanos Claudia Jimena , García Ana María
Published: December 2020

Introducción. El aceite del árbol de té es un aceite esencial reconocido por sus propiedades antimicrobianas.Objetivos. Evaluar la composición, características y efecto antimicrobiano del aceite al 2 % del árbol de té y su concentración inhibitoria mínima (CIM) contra Cutibacterium acnes (Propionibacterium acnes).Materiales y métodos. Se evaluó el quimiotipo en tres lotes diferentes de este aceite mediante cromatografía de gases, así como su actividad antimicrobiana en concentración al 2 % v/v y la CIM contra C. acnes mediante ensayo de difusión en agar (guía M11-A8 CLSI).Resultados. Los lotes evaluados presentaron los quimiotipos ajustados a la norma ISO 4730, lo que indicó la alta calidad del producto. Los lotes contenían de 30 a 40 % de terpinen-4-ol, compuesto que favorece la actividad antimicrobiana, la cual presentó en todos los lotes un efecto dependiente de la concentración contra C. acnes, con una inhibición del crecimiento microbiano en concentración al 2 % v/v en todas las pruebas. La concentración inhibitoria mínima fue de 0,25 % v/v. La actividad antimicrobiana del aceite del árbol de té contra este microorganismo ya ha sido reportada con una concentración inhibitoria mínima entre 0,05 y 1,25 % v/v, rango que cobija la obtenida en este estudio.Conclusiones. Los resultados evidenciaron la gran calidad de este producto y su capacidad como agente antibacteriano contra C. acnes. Se deben hacer estudios con otros aislamientos del microorganismo provenientes de pacientes con acné vulgar para confirmar su actividad general y la de cada uno de sus componentes.
Caracterización molecular y fenotípica de aislamientos clínicos de Salmonella Typhimurium variante monofásica (1,4,[5],12:i:-) recuperados en Colombia
Authors: Cuenca-Arias Paloma , Montaño Lucy Angeline , Villarreal José Miguel , Wiesner Magdalena
Published: December 2020

Introducción. La variante monofásica (1,4,[5],12:i:-) de Salmonella Typhimurium ocupa los primeros lugares en los programas de vigilancia de Salmonella a nivel mundial. En Colombia, Salmonella enterica variante monofásica alcanza el cuarto lugar en cuanto a los aislamientos clínicos recuperados por medio de la vigilancia por laboratorio del Grupo de Microbiología del Instituto Nacional de Salud, pero se desconoce si dichos aislamientos están relacionados con la variante monofásica de Typhimurium que circula a nivel global, y con sus características genéticas y fenotípicas.Objetivo. Caracterizar los aislamientos de Salmonella monofásica recuperados en Colombia entre el 2015 y el 2018 por el Grupo de Microbiología del Instituto Nacional de Salud.Materiales y métodos. Se analizaron 286 aislamientos clínicos de Salmonella enterica variante monofásica mediante PCR o secuenciación del genoma completo (Whole Genome Sequencing, WGS) para confirmar si correspondían a Salmonella Typhimurium variante monofásica, en tanto que, en 54 aislamientos, se determinó la estructura genética del operón que codifica la segunda fase flagelar y, en 23, se evaluó la motilidad, el crecimiento y la expresión de las proteínas de membrana externa.Resultados. El 61 % (n=174) de los aislamientos de Salmonella monofásica correspondió a Salmonella Typhimurium serovar monofásico. El 64,8 % (n=35/54) se relacionó con el clon europeo-español y, el 13 % (n=7/54), con el estadounidense. En dos aislamientos de orina se encontró una diferencia significativa en la motilidad y el crecimiento, así como ausencia de la porina OmpD en medio mínimo M9.Conclusiones. En el periodo de estudio, circuló en Colombia la variante monofásica de Salmonella Typhimurium relacionada con el clon europeo-español, y se registró ausencia total del operón fljAB. Los resultados evidenciaron cambios fenotípicos en los aislamientos provenientes de muestras de orina que sugieren adaptación en procesos invasivos.
Expression of Thyroid Transcription Factor-1 in Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of the Lung
Authors: Morotti Raffaella A. , Gutierrez Maria C. , Askin Fred , Profitt Sherri A. , Wert Susan E. , Whitsett Jeffrey A. , Greco M. Alba
Published: July 2002

Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) is an abnormality of branching morphogenesis of the lung. CCAM types 1, 2, and 3 exhibit a cellular composition that is different from that of CCAM type 4 when evaluated with bronchiolar and alveolar cell markers. Thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) regulates early lung development. To evaluate the potential role of TTF-1 in the development of CCAM, TTF-1 expression in CCAM was compared to that of fetal lungs at varying gestational ages. Twenty-three CCAM cases (17 type 1, two type 2, two type 3, and two type 4) and 11 fetal lungs (3 pseudoglandular, 4 canalicular, and 4 terminal sac stages) were analyzed using a rabbit polyclonal antiserum to rat TTF-1.

Nuclear staining for TTF-1 was observed in ciliated and nonciliated cells of the bronchial and bronchiolar epithelia and in cells lining the distal air spaces by 12 weeks gestational age. By mid-gestation, proximal bronchial cells were TTF-1 negative, except for the basal cells, while TTF-1 staining was maintained in distal bronchiolar and alveolar cells. TTF-1 expression decreased in both bronchial, bronchiolar, and alveolar epithelia with advancing gestational age and cytodifferentiation. At term, TTF-1 expression persisted in a few bronchial and bronchiolar basal cells and in all alveolar type II cells, whereas type I cells were negative.

In CCAM, TTF-1 was detected in the nuclei of epithelial cells lining the cysts. TTF-1 was expressed in a majority of the bronchiolar-like epithelial cells of the cysts in CCAM types 1, 2, and 3, where almost 100% of the cells were TTF-1 positive. In contrast, TTF-1 expression in the alveolar-like epithelium of CCAM type 4 cysts was restricted to type II cells and only 30%–60% of the lining cells were TTF-1 positive.

These results support the hypothesis that CCAM types 1, 2, and 3 reflect abnormalities in lung morphogenesis and differentiation that are distinct from those for CCAM type 4. The role played by TTF-1 in the development of CCAM, if any, is not clear.
Abnormal Umbilical Cord Coiling is Associated with Adverse Perinatal Outcomes
Authors: Machin Geoffrey A. , Ackerman Jeanne , Gilbert-Barness Enid
Published: July 2002

The normal umbilical cord coil index is one coil/5 cm, i.e., 0.2 ±0.1 coils completed per cm. We report the frequency and clinical correlations of abnormally coiled cords among 1329 cases referred to our placental pathology services. Twenty-one percent of cords were over-coiled and 13% were undercoiled. Abnormal cord coiling was seen at all gestational ages. Principal clinical correlations found in overcoiled cords were fetal demise (37%), fetal intolerance to labor (14%), intrauterine growth retardation (10%), and chorioamnionitis (10%). For undercoiled cords, the frequencies of these adverse outcomes were 29%, 21%, 15%, and 29%, respectively. Abnormal cord coiling was associated with thrombosis of chorionic plate vessels, umbilical venous thrombosis, and cord stenosis. Thus, abnormal cord coiling is a chronic state, established in early gestation, that may have chronic (growth retardation) and acute (fetal intolerance to labor and fetal demise) effects on fetal well-being. The cause of abnormal cord coiling is not known. Its effects on neurological status of survivors are also unknown. Antenatal detection of abnormal cord coil index by ultrasound could lead to elective delivery of fetuses at risk, thereby reducing the fetal death rate by about one-half. We recommend that the cord coil index become part of the routine placental pathology examination.
Human Papillomavirus-11-associated Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis is more Aggressive than Human Papillomavirus-6-associated Disease
Authors: Rabah R. , Lancaster W.D. , Thomas R. , Gregoire L.
Published: July 2002

The aim of this study was to determine whether viral type (HPV-6 vs. HPV-11) could predict the clinical course of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in children. Viral typing, using the polymerase chain reaction, was performed on laryngeal biopsies of 61 patients treated at Children's Hospital of Michigan. HPV-6 was detected in 29 of the patients' biopsies and HPV-11 in 32 biopsies. HPV-11 was more common among the African-American patients than among Caucasians ( P = 0.001). Patients with HPV-11 were diagnosed at a younger age (36.2 vs. 48.2 months; P = 0.04) and were more likely to have active disease ( P = 0.0311) at the time of this study. They tended to have longer periods of disease activity (8 years vs. 5 years; P = 0.026), required more surgical procedures (42 procedures/patient vs. 13.6; P = 0.02), and more procedures per patient, per year (2.9 vs. 5.3; P = 0.0164). Three of the patients infected with HPV-11 developed invasive papillomatosis and bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma, and two of these patients died of disease. Our findings suggest that HPV-11 infection confers a more aggressive course to recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.
Telomerase Activity as a Prognostic Factor in Neuroblastomas
Authors: Streutker C.J. , Thorner P. , Fabricius N. , Weitzman S. , Zielenska M.
Published: July 2002

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor of early childhood. This tumor demonstrates significant heterogeneity with respect to pathologic, genetic, and clinical features. The outcome varies from spontaneous regression or maturation to rapid progression, despite aggressive therapy. Prognostic factors have been found that identify those tumors which have a high probability of aggressive behavior; these factors include unfavorable histology, MYCN copy number, deletions of the short arm of chromosome 1, DNA content, and TRK-A (high-affinity receptor protein for nerve growth factor) expression. Recent studies have suggested that high levels of telomerase activity also correlate with poor clinical outcome. We investigated this relationship in 40 patients with untreated neuroblastoma, using a PCR-ELISA assay for telomerase activity. In these patients, 23 tumors had no or minimal telomerase activity whereas 15 had high levels of activity. In two tumors, telomerase activity was not assessable. There was significant correlation between the telomerase activity and MYCN copy number, 1p deletions, and TRK-A expression, as well as patient age, clinical stage, and outcome. The histological classification of the tumors was not significantly different between the two groups, being predominantly unfavorable by the Shimada classification. In addition, for 17 patients tumor tissue was assessed for telomerase activity post-chemotherapy. In those cases where the tumor was negative for telomerase activity before and after chemotherapy, the patients uniformly did well. In cases where the tumor was positive before and negative or weakly positive after treatment, two of the seven patients did well clinically. However, in cases that were positive after chemotherapy, all had recurrence or died. In conclusion, telomerase activity appears to be a prognostic factor for neuroblastomas. In addition, assessment of tumors post-chemotherapy may be a further indicator of clinical outcome.
Extensive Enteric Leiomyolysis Due to Cytomegalovirus Enterocolitis in Vertically Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Infants
Authors: Smith Virpi V. , Williams Amanda J. , Novelli Vas , Malone Marian
Published: July 2002

We report two infants with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and rectal bleeding due to cytomegalovirus (CMV) ileitis and colitis with minimal focal mucosal ulceration but with extensive leiomyolysis of the muscularis propria. Immunostaining and in situ hybridization for CMV showed numerous viral inclusions in the myocytes of the muscularis propria and vascular endothelium/smooth muscle with only occasional inclusions present in the muscularis mucosae. Colectomy was curative in one patient; in the other the bowel was only examined at postmortem.
Histopathology of Vascular Lesions Found in Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome: Review Based on 13 Cases
Authors: Alvarez-Mendoza Antonio , Lourdes Tamayo S. , Ridaura-Sanz Cecilia , Ruiz-Maldonado Ramon
Published: July 2002

We reviewed the histopathology of 13 cases of Kasabach-Merrit Syndrome (KMS). In 4 (31%) cases the predominant morphology was that of a tufted angioma (TA). Six (46%) cases were Kaposiform hemangioendotheliomas (KHE), and 3 (23%) cases showed an infantile (juvenile) hemangioma only. Immunostaining for CD34 and actin (HHF-35) was helpful in defining these types of hemangiomas. The TA was characterized by a proliferation of endothelial cells positive for CD34 with a minimal component of actin-positive cells. KHE showed a paucity of immunoreactive cells; only the luminal endothelial cells were positive for CD34. In three cases with the morphology of infantile hemangiomas, actin-positive cells outnumbered the CD34-positive cells. Our findings confirm the observation that the underlying vascular lesion in KMS is usually not an infantile hemangioma as was originally thought, but variants of hemangiomas such as TA and KHE (77% of 13 KMS cases). Infantile hemangioma was the phenotypic substrate of KMS in only 3 of 13 cases.