bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of 40 mg/day of atorvastatin in reducing the severity of sepsis in ward patients (ASEPSIS Trial)
Authors: Patel Jaimin M , Snaith Catherine , Thickett David R , Linhartova Lucie , Melody Teresa , Hawkey Peter , Barnett Anthony H , Jones Alan , Hong Tan , Cooke Matthew W , Perkins Gavin D , Gao Fang
Published: December 2012

Introduction

Several observational studies suggest that statins modulate the pathophysiology of sepsis and may prevent its progression. The aim of this study was to determine if the acute administration of atorvastatin reduces sepsis progression in statin naïve patients hospitalized with sepsis.

Methods

A single centre phase II randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Patients with sepsis were randomized to atorvastatin 40 mg daily or placebo for the duration of their hospital stay up to a maximum of 28-days. The primary end-point was the rate of sepsis progressing to severe sepsis during hospitalization.

Results

100 patients were randomized, 49 to the treatment with atorvastatin and 51 to placebo. Patients in the atorvastatin group had a significantly lower conversion rate to severe sepsis compared to placebo (4% vs. 24% p = 0.007.), with a number needed to treat of 5. No significant difference in length of hospital stay, critical care unit admissions, 28-day and 12-month readmissions or mortality was observed. Plasma cholesterol and albumin creatinine ratios were significantly lower at day 4 in the atorvastatin group (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.049 respectively). No difference in adverse events between the two groups was observed (p = 0.238).

Conclusions

Acute administration of atorvastatin in patients with sepsis may prevent sepsis progression. Further multi-centre trials are required to verify these findings.

Trial Registration

International Standard Randomized Control Trial Registry ISRCTN64637517.
Sensitivity analysis of fracture scattering
Authors: Fang Xinding , Fehler Michael , Chen Tianrun , Burns Daniel , Zhu Zhenya
Published: December 2012

We use 2D and 3D finite-difference modeling to numerically calculate the seismic response of a single finite fracture with a linear-slip boundary in a homogeneous elastic medium. We use a point explosive source and ignore the free surface effect, so the fracture scattered wavefield contains two parts: P-to-P scattering and P-to-S scattering. The elastic response of the fracture is described by the fracture compliance. We vary the incident angle and fracture compliance within a range considered appropriate for field observations and investigate the P-to-P and P-to-S scattering patterns of a single fracture. P-to-P and P-to-S fracture scattering patterns are sensitive to the ratio of normal to tangential fracture compliance and incident angle, whereas the scattering amplitude is proportional to the compliance, which agrees with the Born scattering analysis. We find that, for a vertical fracture, if the source is located at the surface, most of the energy scattered by the fracture propagates downwards. We also study the effect of fracture height on the scattering pattern and scattering amplitude.
Compensation for absorption and dispersion in prestack migration: An effective Q approach
Authors: Zhang Jianfeng , Wu Jizhong , Li Xueying
Published: December 2012

We have developed a migration scheme that can compensate absorption and dispersion caused by intrinsic attenuation in subsurface media. The scheme was developed by adapting prestack time migration (PSTM) in the frequency domain. Instead of applying a commonly used [Formula: see text] factor, we devised an effective [Formula: see text] parameter to compensate absorption and dispersion. The effective [Formula: see text] determines the frequency-dependent traveltime and amplitude at one imaging location by only one value. As a result, the effective [Formula: see text] can be estimated by scanning technology. We designed an index that can remove the effects of interferences of the reflections resulting from stacked thin layers in extracting the effective [Formula: see text] parameter from scanning results. The proposed scheme can thus determine an effective [Formula: see text] model using surface seismic data during migration. Stabilization is achieved by introducing a smooth, maximum-limited gain function that matches the exact amplitude compensation factor when it is less than the user-specified gain limit. The proposed scheme can be incorporated into conventional PSTM workflow. Synthetic and field data sets were used to test the proposed deabsorption PSTM. Higher-resolution imaging results are obtained.
Seismic attenuation from recordings of ambient noise
Authors: Weemstra Cornelis , Boschi Lapo , Goertz Alexander , Artman Brad
Published: December 2012

We applied seismic interferometry to data from an ocean-bottom survey offshore Norway and found that ambient seismic noise can be used to constrain subsurface attenuation on a reservoir scale. By crosscorrelating only a few days of recordings by broadband ocean bottom seismometers, we were able to retrieve empirical Green’s functions associated with surface waves in the frequency range between 0.2 and 0.6 Hz and acoustic waves traveling through the sea water between 1.0 and 2.5 Hz. We discovered that the decay of these surface waves cannot be explained by geometrical spreading alone and required an additional loss of energy with distance. We quantified this observed attenuation in the frequency domain using a modified Bessel function to describe the cross-spectrum in a stationary field. We averaged cross-spectra of equally spaced station couples and sorted these azimuthally averaged cross-spectra with distance. We then obtained frequency-dependent estimates of attenuation by minimizing the misfit of the real parts to a damped Bessel function. The resulting quality factors as function of frequency are indicative of the depth variation of attenuation and correlated with the geology in the survey area.
Multidimensional de-aliased Cadzow reconstruction of seismic records
Authors: Naghizadeh Mostafa , Sacchi Mauricio
Published: December 2012

We tested a strategy for beyond-alias interpolation of seismic data using Cadzow reconstruction. The strategy enables Cadzow reconstruction to be used for interpolation of regularly sampled seismic records. First, in the frequency-space ([Formula: see text]) domain, we generated a Hankel matrix from the spatial samples of the low frequencies. To perform interpolation at a given frequency, the spatial samples were interlaced with zero samples and another Hankel matrix was generated from the zero-interlaced data. Next, the rank-reduced eigen-decomposition of the Hankel matrix at low frequencies was used for beyond-alias preconditioning of the Hankel matrix at a given frequency. Finally, antidiagonal averaging of the conditioned Hankel matrix produced the final interpolated data. In addition, the multidimensional extension of the proposed algorithm was explained. The proposed method provides a unifying thread between reduced-rank Cadzow reconstruction and beyond alias [Formula: see text] prediction error interpolation. Synthetic and real data examples were provided to examine the performance of the proposed interpolation method.
Practical strategies for classification of unexploded ordnance
Authors: Beran Laurens , Zelt Barry , Pasion Leonard , Billings Stephen , Kingdon Kevin , Lhomme Nicolas , Song Lin-Ping , Oldenburg Doug
Published: December 2012

We have developed practical strategies for discriminating between buried unexploded ordnance (UXO) and metallic clutter. These methods are applicable to time-domain electromagnetic data acquired with multistatic, multicomponent sensors designed for UXO classification. Each detected target is characterized by dipole polarizabilities estimated via inversion of the observed sensor data. The polarizabilities are intrinsic target features and so are used to distinguish between UXO and clutter. We tested this processing with four data sets from recent field demonstrations, with each data set characterized by metrics of data and model quality. We then developed techniques for building a representative training data set and determined how the variable quality of estimated features affects overall classification performance. Finally, we devised a technique to optimize classification performance by adapting features during target prioritization.
An efficient reverse time migration method using local nearly analytic discrete operator
Authors: Li Jingshuang , Yang Dinghui , Liu Faqi
Published: December 2012

In recent years, reverse time migration (RTM), the most powerful depth imaging method, has become the preferred imaging tool in many geologic settings because of its ability to handle complex velocity models including steeply dipping interfaces. Finite difference is one of the most popular numerical methods applied in RTM in the industry. However, it often encounters a serious issue of numerical dispersion, which is typically suppressed by reducing the propagation grid sizes, resulting in large computation and memory increment. Recently, a nearly analytic discrete operator has been developed to approximate the partial differential operators, from which many antidispersion schemes have been proposed, and are confirmed to be superior to conventional algorithms in suppressing numerical dispersion. We apply an optimal nearly analytic discrete (ONAD) method to RTM to improve its accuracy and performance. Numerical results show that ONAD can be used effectively in seismic modeling and migration based on the full wave equations. This method produces little numerical dispersion and requires much less computation and memory compared to the traditional finite-difference methods such as Lax-Wendroff correction method. The reverse time migration results of the 2D Marmousi model and the Sigsbee2B data set show that ONAD can improve the computational efficiency and maintain image quality by using large extrapolation grids.
Increased levels of reduced cytochrome b and mitophagy components are required to trigger nonspecific autophagy following induced mitochondrial dysfunction
Authors: Deffieu Maika , Bhatia-Kiššová Ingrid , Salin Bénédicte , Klionsky Daniel J. , Pinson Benoît , Manon Stéphen , Camougrand Nadine
Published: December 2012

Mitochondria are essential organelles producing most of the energy required for the cell. A selective autophagic process called mitophagy removes damaged mitochondria, which is critical for proper cellular homeostasis; dysfunctional mitochondria can generate excess reactive oxygen species that can further damage the organelle as well as other cellular components. Although proper cell physiology requires the maintenance of a healthy pool of mitochondria, little is known about the mechanism underlying the recognition and selection of damaged organelles. In this study, we investigated the cellular fate of mitochondria damaged by the action of respiratory inhibitors (antimycin A, myxothiazol, KCN) that act on mitochondrial respiratory complexes III and IV, but have different effects with regard to the production of reactive oxygen species and increased levels of reduced cytochromes. Antimycin A and potassium cyanide effectively induced nonspecific autophagy, but not mitophagy, in a wild-type strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae; however, low or no autophagic activity was measured in strains deficient for genes that encode proteins involved in mitophagy, including ATG32, ATG11 and BCK1. These results provide evidence for a major role of specific mitophagy factors in the control of a general autophagic cellular response induced by mitochondrial alteration. Moreover, increased levels of reduced cytochrome b, one of the components of the respiratory chain, could be the first signal of this induction pathway.
N-terminal truncation of Lats1 causes abnormal cell growth control and chromosomal instability
Authors: Yabuta Norikazu , Mukai Satomi , Okamoto Ayumi , Okuzaki Daisuke , Suzuki Hirokazu , Torigata Kosuke , Yoshida Kaori , Okada Nobuhiro , Miura Daisaku , Ito Akihiko , Ikawa Masahito , Okabe Masaru , Nojima Hiroshi
Published: December 2012

The tumor suppressors Lats1 and Lats2 are mediators of the Hippo pathway that regulates tissue growth and proliferation. Their N-terminal non-kinase regions are distinct except for Lats conserved domains 1 and 2 (LCD1 and LCD2), which may be important for Lats1/2-specific functions. Lats1 knockout mice were generated by disrupting the N-terminal region containing LCD1 (Lats1ΔN/ΔN). Some Lats1ΔN/ΔN mice were born safely and grew normally. However, mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from Lats1ΔN/ΔN mice displayed mitotic defects, centrosomal overduplication, chromosomal misalignment, multipolar spindle formation, chromosomal bridging and cytokinesis failure. They also showed anchorage-independent growth and continued cell cycles and cell growth, bypassing cell-cell contact inhibition similar to tumor cells. Lats1ΔN/ΔN MEFs produced tumors in nude mice after subcutaneous injection, although the tumor growth rate was much slower than that of ordinary cancer cells. Yap, a key transcriptional coactivator of the Hippo pathway, was overexpressed and stably retained in Lats1ΔN/ΔN MEFs in a cell density independent manner, and Lats2 mRNA expression was downregulated. In conclusion, N-terminally truncated Lats1 induced Lats2 downregulation and Yap protein accumulation, leading to chromosomal instability and tumorigenesis.
Nuclear ErbB4 signaling through H3K9me3 is antagonized by EGFR-activated c-Src
Authors: Ishibashi Kenichi , Fukumoto Yasunori , Hasegawa Hitomi , Abe Kohei , Kubota Shoichi , Aoyama Kazumasa , Kubota Sho , Nakayama Yuji , Yamaguchi Naoto
Published: December 2012

The ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases comprises four members: epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/ErbB1, HER2/ErbB2, ErbB3 and ErbB4, and plays roles in signal transduction at the plasma membrane upon ligand stimulation. Stimulation with neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) cleaves ErbB4 and releases the ErbB4 intracellular domain (4ICD) that translocates into the nucleus to control gene expression. However, little is known about the regulation of 4ICD nuclear signaling through tyrosine phosphorylation. We show here that 4ICD nuclear signaling is antagonized by EGF-induced c-Src activation through EGFR. Generation of 4ICD by NRG-1 leads to increased levels of trimethylated histone H3 on lysine 9 (H3K9me3) in a manner dependent on the nuclear accumulation of 4ICD and its tyrosine kinase activity. Once EGF activates c-Src downstream of EGFR concomitantly with NRG-1-induced ErbB4 activation, c-Src associates with phospho-Tyr950 and phospho-Tyr1056 on 4ICD, thereby decreasing nuclear accumulation of 4ICD and inhibiting an increase of H3K9me3 levels. Moreover, 4ICD-induced transcriptional repression of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is inhibited by EGF–EGFR–Src signaling. Thus, our findings reveal c-Src-mediated inhibitory regulation of ErbB4 nuclear signaling upon EGFR activation.
Renin-angiotensin system in pre-eclampsia: everything old is new again
Authors: J Spaan Julia , A Brown Mark
Published: December 2012

This review presents an update of the role of the renin-angiotensin system in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia. We have known for years that the circulatory renin-angiotensin system in pre-eclampsia is suppressed. We now know that the circulating renin-angiotensin system does not only have a vasoconstrictor arm, but also a vasodilator arm, which is upregulated in normal pregnancy; this balance is probably disturbed in pre-eclampsia. Recent studies show the importance of the local renin-angiotensin system in the uteroplacental unit for early placentation and regulation of placental blood flow. We discuss the possible role of autoantibodies against the AT1-receptor in pre-eclampsia and the suggestion that activation of the AT1-receptor in the placenta may lead to placental dysfunction and the clinical syndrome of pre-eclampsia.
Paraparesis secondary to hypokalaemia with hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism during pregnancy: a diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Nigam Parul , Morton Adam
Published: December 2012

We report the case of a 22-year-old Ethiopian woman, gravida 1, para 0, who presented at 16 weeks gestation with myalgia and paraparesis.
A case of severe pyruvate kinase deficiency in a primigravida: successful outcome
Authors: Mohamed Sahar , Sivarajah Kenga , Chakravarti Seema
Published: December 2012

Pyruvate kinase deficiency (PKD) is a rare non-spherocytic type of haemolytic anaemia. During pregnancy, women with severe PKD are at increased risk of infection, thrombosis, hypertension, fetal growth restriction and anaemia. Management of such cases requires close collaboration between a haematologist and an obstetrician. We report a case of severe PKD in pregnancy with good maternal and fetal outcome.
Engineering Trust: Reciprocity in the Production of Reputation Information
Authors: Bolton Gary , Greiner Ben , Ockenfels Axel
Published: December 2012

Reciprocity in feedback giving distorts the production and content of reputation information in a market, hampering trust and trade efficiency. Guided by feedback patterns observed on eBay and other platforms, we run laboratory experiments to investigate how reciprocity can be managed by changes in the way feedback information flows through the system, leading to more accurate reputation information, more trust, and more efficient trade. We discuss the implications for theory building and for managing the redesign of market trust systems.

This paper was accepted by Teck Ho, decision analysis.
Pre-Visual Diagnostics of Phosphorus Deficiency in Mini-Cucumber Plants Using Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy
Authors: Shi Jiyong , Zou Xiaobo , Zhao Jiewen , Mao Hanping , Wang Kailiang , Chen Zhengwei , Huang Xiaowei , Holmes Mel
Published: December 2012

The morphological symptoms of phosphorus (P) deficiency in the leaves of mini-cucumber plants at early stages of development have features similar to that of early stage development in healthy plants. That similarity may lead to inappropriate visual diagnostics of phosphorus deficiency in analyzed samples. Because the differences in spectral properties of leaf tissues between phosphorus-deficient and healthy plants can be demonstrated, the feasibility of using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for rapid and nondestructive diagnostics of phosphorus deficiency in mini-cucumber plants was investigated. Leaf reflection spectra in the wavelength range of 10 000-4000 cm−1 were measured before the appearance of morphological changes caused by phosphorus deficiency. Least-squares support vector machine (LS-SVM), a method for recognizing patterns, was applied to identify phosphorus-deficient plants. Parameters (γ, σ 2 ) of LS-SVM were optimized by cross-validation, and several conventional, two-class classification methods such as linear discrimination analysis and K-nearest neighbors were also used comparatively for identification. Identification rates in excess of 86% were achieved with the LS-SVM model for both the training set and the prediction set. The overall results indicated that NIR spectra combined with LS-SVM could be used efficiently for pre-visual diagnostics of phosphorus deficiency in mini-cucumber plants.
Presymptomatic Detection of Powdery Mildew Infection in Winter Wheat Cultivars by Laser-Induced Fluorescence
Authors: Bürling Kathrin , Hunsche Mauricio , Noga Georg
Published: December 2012

The sensor-based monitoring of diseases under controlled conditions establishes an objective tool that allows a better understanding of the pathogen–plant interactions in different situations. The purpose of our work was to implement the presymptomatic detection of powdery mildew on wheat leaves shortly after fungus inoculation by spectral and time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. In the general scope of plant phenotyping, we hypothesized that it is possible to discriminate between wheat genotypes that are either resistant or susceptible to powdery mildew. According to our results, the presymptomatic detection of powdery mildew on wheat leaves was accomplished, irrespective of genotype, as early as one day after inoculation using the fluorescence amplitude ratio F451:F522. Similarly, the ratios F451:F522, F522:F687, and F522:F736 of the half-bandwidth are also appropriate parameters. Furthermore, in the spectral range between 410 nm and 620 nm, the mean lifetime was significantly longer in inoculated leaves than it was in control leaves. Finally, the short-term (10–12 hour) increase of the fluorescence mean lifetime at 530 nm and 560 nm following the inoculation suggests that the speed of the plant reaction might be associated to its resistance to the pathogen. Based on this information, we conclude that determinations of ultraviolet, laser-induced fluorescence intensity and lifetime are suitable approaches to presymptomatically detect powdery mildew on wheat leaves one day after inoculation.
Cross-Term Selective, Two-Pulse Correlation Measurements by Phase-Shifted Parallel Modulation for Analysis of a Multi-Photon Process
Authors: Furuta Koichi , Fuyuki Masanori , Wada Akihide
Published: December 2012

We propose a new modulation technique for phase-sensitive detection to extract a cross-term signal appearing in multi-pulse experiments and demonstrate the selective detection of cross-term signal on two-pulse correlation measurements. This modulation technique can be widely applied to the selective detection in multi-beam laser experiments such as two-pulse correlation, auto-correlation, and double-resonance experiments, because the selectivity can be realized by using a conventional single-frequency mechanical chopper and 2f phase-sensitive detection. The effectiveness of the proposed technique was confirmed by two-pulse correlation measurements of two-photon-excited fluorescence from rhodamine 6G. In addition to the selective observation of a correlation peak, the technique succeeded in observing a weak correlation background. By combining asymmetric, two-pulse correlation measurements with the proposed technique, it was clarified that the background was produced by a three-photon process and assigned to fluorescence depletion caused by an up-conversion process. The results indicate that the cross-term selective, two-pulse correlation method that is based on the phase-shifted parallel modulation technique is powerful tool to find and analyze a high-order optical event buried in a low-order optical event.
Quantitative Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME)–Raman Spectroscopy for the Detection of Trace Organics in Water
Authors: Nwaneshiudu Ikechukwu C. , Yu Qiuming , Schwartz Daniel T.
Published: December 2012

Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was used along with Raman spectroscopy to quantify the partitioning of trace organics into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrices. PDMS has previously been utilized with SPME–Raman to pre-concentrate trace benzene, toluene, ethyl-benzene, and xylene fuel components from contaminated water, thereby enhancing detected Raman signals. Here, we show that SPME can increase Raman signals more than two orders of magnitude for the compounds investigated. We also demonstrate the quantitative features of SPME–Raman by estimating PDMS–organic partition coefficients for benzene [log( K) = 1.90 ± 10] and toluene [log( K) = 2.35 ± 20] by using linear regression fits in the dilute limit of concentrations. The K values obtained are within the range of values obtained with other quantitative SPME techniques. The method was also used to characterize quinoline, a pyridine-based organic, which yielded reasonable K values [log(K) = 1.20 ± 20]. Combining PDMS-based SPME with a technique such as Raman spectroscopy potentially enhances optical detection methods used in microfluidic systems, wherein PDMS is a common material of construction.
Long-Wave, Infrared Laser-Induced Breakdown (LIBS) Spectroscopy Emissions from Energetic Materials
Authors: Yang Clayton S.-C. , Brown Ei E. , Hommerich Uwe , Jin Feng , Trivedi Sudhir B. , Samuels Alan C. , Snyder A. Peter
Published: December 2012

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has shown great promise for applications in chemical, biological, and explosives sensing and has significant potential for real-time standoff detection and analysis. In this study, LIBS emissions were obtained in the mid-infrared (MIR) and long-wave infrared (LWIR) spectral regions for potential applications in explosive material sensing. The IR spectroscopy region revealed vibrational and rotational signatures of functional groups in molecules and fragments thereof. The silicon-based detector for conventional ultraviolet–visible LIBS operations was replaced with a mercury–cadmium–telluride detector for MIR–LWIR spectral detection. The IR spectral signature region between 4 and 12 μm was mined for the appearance of MIR and LWIR–LIBS emissions directly indicative of oxygenated breakdown products as well as dissociated, and/or recombined sample molecular fragments. Distinct LWIR–LIBS emission signatures from dissociated-recombination sample molecular fragments between 4 and 12 μm are observed for the first time.
The Transformation of Asian Animation: 1995-Present
Authors: Lent John A.
Published: December 2012

Asian animation during the past decade has entered a new era in its nine-decade evolution - new in its production techniques and emphases, in its relationships with government, and in its marketing orientations. A result is the art form and industry model are barely recognizable to
those who knew Asian animation before. A number of factors played into this transformation, including foreign influences and connections, national governments' involvement, and digitalization advances, all of which were responsible for increases in domestic production and a heightened sense
of professionalism.
The Establishment and Maturation of the Chinese Cartoon School
Authors: Tianyi Jin
Published: December 2012

Chinese cartoon films can be traced back to two roots. One is the Wan brothers (Wan Laiming, Wan Guchan, Wan Chaochen). They watched Disney cartoons in Shanghai in the 1920s and then began to produce some short cartoon films. In 1941, they produced a feature film named Iron Fan Princess.
The other root is the cartoon film team of the Northeast Film Studio. It was reconstructed from Manchurian Film Company which was taken over by Yan'an Film Group after World War II. That time the team was headed by cartoonist Te Wei. Several short cartoon films were produced for political
purposes. After the People's Republic of China was founded, the cartoon film team became formally one department under the Northeast Film Studio.
A Man of Silence - Bimal Roy
Authors: Bhattacharya Rinki Roy
Published: December 2012

The title O Re Majhi , a recent book (Pralhad Agarwal) on my father, Bimal Roy, is inspired by these evocative opening words of poet/lyricist Shailendra, set to tune by S.D. Burman. The haunting bhatiali -boatman's song was the climax in Roy's last film Bandini -1963.The words o re
majhi (oh, you boatman) are a strangely appropriate metaphor for baba. He was born in the land of a thousand rivers, in East Bengal (Bangladesh). And like the indigenous boatmen, my father, baba, set sail for the unknown shores at the age of 19.
Repeat repeat: Returns of performance in the work of Lone Twin Theatre
Authors: Kartsaki Eirini
Published: December 2012

Within contemporary performance and dance practices repetition emerges as an important structural and constitutive means. Repetition used in speech, movement and in structure challenges temporalities of experience and explores notions such as exhaustion, difference through repetition,
becoming and the possibility of finitude, amongst others. Specifically, Lone Twin Theatre's creative process uses repetition to create a distinct performance vocabulary, which structures its choreographic practice. The present article explores repetition as generative of ways of making, experiencing
and writing about performance work. It argues that performances that use repetition invite, in some cases, a repetitive encounter with the performance beyond the live event. This article uses Daniel Hit By A Train to explore Lone Twin Theatre's choreographed repetitions and returns as well
as the ways in which performance remains, to use Rebecca Schneider's term, in memory and writing. In giving an account of the re-performances of the live event two kinds of writing are used here: writing as a space within which the performance event takes place again and again, and writing
that theorizes the experience of performance in a useful way. The 'choreographic', in this case, is dealt with as the graphein/ writing of the choros/dance, which takes place during the creative process as the repetition in movement, speech and structures, and beyond the performance event
itself as repetition's return.
Reading beyond the riots: Civil disobedience or political participation of adolescents?
Authors: Chow Kui Foon
Published: December 2012

This article investigates English adolescents' intentions to take part in future protest activities as a part of their participation in society. The study draws on data from the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study 2009 (ICCS), but uses an alternative approach to data
analysis. Reference is made to the 2011 riots in England and links are made to students' conceptions of active citizenship. Implications for citizenship teaching and learning and its assessment are discussed.
Colour and silent racism
Authors: Alfredson Anna , Desai Dipti
Published: December 2012

In this article we examine the racialized silence by whites, locating its emergence in history, examining whiteness and pointing to ways that we can begin to address the social context of colour in art education in both K-12 and teacher preparation programmes. Drawing on our experiences
teaching in both high school and university classrooms, we argue that this silence by white people is an important component of race talk and that we need to focus on developing racial literacy among our students as one important pedagogical model in art classrooms.
The development process of Mark Lancaster
Authors: Jackson Peter-Ashley
Published: December 2012

British art education in the early 1960s was a shifting landscape. Father of Pop-Art Richard Hamilton was a forerunner of this change at Durham University. Mark Lancaster was a student of Hamilton who went on to experience success beyond the art school in both England and America. His
works are characterized by the use of geometric patterns, the provenance of which can be seen to emanate from Lancaster's studies under Hamilton. Independently Lancaster developed his personal art style and expanded his overt to encompass stage design.
Wahrnehmung – Experiment – Erinnerung. Erfahrung und Topik in Prosaromanen der Frühen Neuzeit
Authors: Friedrich Udo
Published: December 2012

This essay inquires into the semantics of the term “experience” in a selection of prose novels from the early modern period. Against the background of a complex history of discourses about experience, ultimately leading to a fully articulated concept of “empiricism” and “experiment”, the author traces the term’s usages in Hartlieb’s ‘Alexander’, in the novel ‘Fortunatus’ as well as in Wickram’s ‘Of Good and Bad Neighbours’. Furthermore, he elaborates those cultural topoi of experience that are based principally on an understanding of “memory” and “adaptation”. As a result, the author is able to show, that all three texts place varying emphases on the topics of experience.
Kieflies
Authors: kinney alison
Published: December 2012

The essay explores the connection between a family's history and a traditional holiday recipe. Kieflies, or kifli, are Hungarian walnut crescents baked by the author's family at Christmas. The tradition of baking kiflis, like the family itself, has no clear, authentic origin myth; rather, the passage of the ritual from one generation to the next is marked by distortion and reinvention: the mystery of the family's Hungarian Jewish origins; the development of a non-consanguineous lineage, from Irish daughters-in-law to Korean adoptees; and the strategies of evasion, survival, storytelling, adaption, and imagination that both obscure and enrich the ritual. The author has assumed the role of kieflie-baker to her adoptive family, applying her own innovations and interpretations to the tradition, as her mother, aunt, grandmother, and great-aunts did before her.
Marisa Mori's Edible Futurist Breasts
Authors: griffiths jennifer
Published: December 2012

F.T. Marinetti's “Manifesto of Futurist Cuisine” (1930) and the subsequent Futurist Cookbook (1932) called for a culinary revolution and a new edible aesthetics. Futurism enacted its demands for destruction, violence, and transformation through the microcosm of the human intestine. While F.T. Marinetti's avant-garde chauvinism has left a notoriously bad taste in postmodern mouths, Futurism's extensive experiments with taste and touch represent a curious reversal of Western traditions that regarded the “lower” senses as feminine. Unfortunately, Futurism's theoretical liberation of the so-called “feminine” senses is eclipsed by the cookbook's daunting inventory of recipes that metaphorically devour the female body. Only one woman left her essence among the pages of the Futurist Cookbook. Marisa Mori's recipe for Italian Breasts in the Sun calls for two mounds of almond paste topped with two candied strawberries on a bed of custard and cream, sprinkled with hot pepper. Her punning metaphorics have a masculinst flavor as the female body is presented in fragmented and sexualized terms; however, this article argues that there is a more satirical taste to Mori's edible breasts.
James Bond and the Art of Eating Eggs
Authors: hale elizabeth
Published: December 2012

James Bond eats a significant quantity of eggs in the Ian Fleming novels. In contrast to his popular, decadent image, the food consumption that provides Bond with a private identity is simple, everyday food, such as eggs, which underscore his qualities as an English Everyman, who shares the food habits of his post-war British audience, but does so with style and connoisseurship. Eggs possess further symbolic resonances for Bond's character. In On Her Majesty's Secret Service, eggs underscore his essential solitary individuality, but also his potential to act as a binding agent on behalf of British society. In Thunderball, in their less than healthy aspects, eggs represent the lure of forbidden food, underscoring Bond's machismo as a lover of food and women.
The Science of Singing Along: A Quantitative Field Study on Sing-along Behavior in the North of England
Authors: Pawley Alisun , Müllensiefen Daniel
Published: December 2012

the study investigates contextual and musical factors that incite audiences in Western music entertainment venues to sing along to pop songs. Thirty nights of field research were carried out in five entertainment venues across northern England. The percentage of people singing along was recorded for each of the 1,054 “song events,” serving as the dependent variable. In addition, musical analysis was carried out on the songs of a subset of 332 song events. Nine contextual factors as well as 32 musical features of the songs were considered as different categories of explanatory variables. Regression trees and a random forest analysis were employed to model the empirical data statistically. Results indicate that contextual factors can account for 40% of the variability in sing-along behavior, while adding musical factors into the model – in particular those relating to vocal performance – was able to explain about another 25% of the variance. Results are discussed with respect to theoretical approaches on neo-tribal behavior.
Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Cytomegalovirus Infection in a Premature Infant
Authors: Tran Lynn , Ferris Michael , Norori Johana , Stark Matthew , Craver Randall , Dowd Scot , Penn Duna
Published: December 2012

Necrotizing enterocolitis is the most common gastrointestinal emergency in neonates. The etiology is considered multifactorial. Risk factors include prematurity, enteral feeding, hypoxia, and bacterial colonization. The etiologic role of viruses is unclear. We present a case of necrotizing enterocolitis associated with cytomegalovirus and Proteobacteria in a 48-day-old, ex-premature infant and discuss the effects of potential viral-bacterial interactions on host susceptibility to this disease.
Near-Infrared Imaging in Intravenous Cannulation in Children: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Cuper Natascha J. , de Graaff Jurgen C. , Verdaasdonk Rudolf M. , Kalkman Cor J.
Published: December 2012

OBJECTIVE:

Intravenous cannulation is a widespread medical procedure that can be difficult in children. Visualization of veins with near-infrared (NIR) light might support intravenous cannulation. Therefore, we investigated the effectiveness of an NIR vascular imaging system (VascuLuminator) in facilitating intravenous cannulation in children in the operating room.

METHODS:

This was a pragmatic, cluster randomized clinical trial in all consecutive children (0–18 years) scheduled for elective surgery and in need of intravenous cannulation at a tertiary pediatric referral hospital. Daily operating rooms (770 patients) were randomized for allocation of the VascuLuminator or control group. The primary outcome was success at first attempt; the secondary outcome was time to successful cannulation.

RESULTS:

Success at first attempt was 70% (171/246) with and 71% (175/245) without the use of the VascuLuminator (P = .69). Time to successful cannulation was 162 (±14) seconds and 143 (±15) seconds respectively (P = .26). In 83.3%, the vein of first choice was visible with the VascuLuminator.

CONCLUSIONS:

Although it was possible to visualize veins with NIR in most patients, the VascuLuminator did not improve success rate or time to obtain intravenous cannulation. There are 3 possible explanations for this result: first, it could be that localization of the vein is not the main problem, and therefore visualization is not a solution; second, the type of system used in this study could be less than optimal; and, third, the choice of the patient population in this study could be inappropriate.
Longitudinal Associations Between Teen Dating Violence Victimization and Adverse Health Outcomes
Authors: Exner-Cortens Deinera , Eckenrode John , Rothman Emily
Published: December 2012

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the longitudinal association between teen dating violence victimization and selected adverse health outcomes.

METHODS:

Secondary analysis of Waves 1 (1994–1995), 2 (1996), and 3 (2001–2002) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a nationally representative sample of US high schools and middle schools. Participants were 5681 12- to 18-year-old adolescents who reported heterosexual dating experiences at Wave 2. These participants were followed-up ∼5 years later (Wave 3) when they were aged 18 to 25. Physical and psychological dating violence victimization was assessed at Wave 2. Outcome measures were reported at Wave 3, and included depressive symptomatology, self-esteem, antisocial behaviors, sexual risk behaviors, extreme weight control behaviors, suicidal ideation and attempt, substance use (smoking, heavy episodic drinking, marijuana, other drugs), and adult intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization. Data were analyzed by using multivariate linear and logistic regression models.

RESULTS:

Compared with participants reporting no teen dating violence victimization at Wave 2, female participants experiencing victimization reported increased heavy episodic drinking, depressive symptomatology, suicidal ideation, smoking, and IPV victimization at Wave 3, whereas male participants experiencing victimization reported increased antisocial behaviors, suicidal ideation, marijuana use, and IPV victimization at Wave 3, controlling for sociodemographics, child maltreatment, and pubertal status.

CONCLUSIONS:

The results from the present analyses suggest that dating violence experienced during adolescence is related to adverse health outcomes in young adulthood. Findings from this study emphasize the importance of screening and offering secondary prevention programs to both male and female victims.
In Utero Exposure to Ischemic-Hypoxic Conditions and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Getahun Darios , Rhoads George G. , Demissie Kitaw , Lu Shou-En , Quinn Virginia P. , Fassett Michael J. , Wing Deborah A. , Jacobsen Steven J.
Published: December 2012

OBJECTIVE:

To examine the association between ischemic-hypoxic conditions (IHCs) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by gestational age and race/ethnicity.

METHODS:

Nested case-control study using the Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC) medical records. The study cohort included children aged 5 to 11 years who were delivered and cared for in the KPSC between 1995 and 2010 (N = 308 634). Case children had a diagnosis of ADHD and received ≥2 prescriptions specific to ADHD during the follow-up period. For each case, 5 control children were matched by age at diagnosis. Exposures were defined by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes. A conditional regression model was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs).

RESULTS:

Among eligible children, 13 613 (4.3%) had a diagnosis of ADHD. Compared with control children, case children were more likely to be male and of white or African American race/ethnicity. Case children were more likely to be exposed to IHCs (OR = 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11–1.21). When stratified by gestational age, cases born at 28 to 33, 34 to 36, and 37 to 42 weeks of gestation, were more likely to be exposed to IHCs (ORs, 1.6 [95% CI 1.2–2.1], 1.2 [95% CI 1.1–1.3], and 1.1 [95% CI 1.0–1.2], respectively) compared with controls. IHC was associated with increased odds of ADHD across all race/ethnicity groups.

CONCLUSIONS:

These findings suggest that IHCs, especially birth asphyxia, respiratory distress syndrome, and preeclampsia, are independently associated with ADHD. This association was strongest in preterm births.
Nyelezett supraclavicularis osteocutan szigetlebeny alkalmazása tracheostoma zárására
Authors: Agócs László , Lévay Bernadett , Boér András , Elek Jenő
Published: December 2012

Absztrakt

A szerzők egy 52 éves nőbeteg esetét ismertetik, akinél életet veszélyeztető légzési nehézséget okozó struma miatt sürgős tracheostomia történt. A kompressziót okozó pajzsmirigy a későbbiekben eltávolításra került. Mivel az atípusos tracheostoma spontán nem záródott, rekonstrukciót terveztek. Tekintettel arra, hogy a légcső elülső falának folytonosságát egy részen pótolni kellett, supraclavicularis osteocutan lebeny mellett döntöttek. Az a. supraclavicularist felkeresve, a váll területéről vett szigetlebenyt preparáltak, és a clavicula processus coracoideusáról levésett vékony csontdarabbal együtt subcutan tunnelen a defektusba forgatták. A csontdarabot a trachea defektusába öltötték, a lebenyt a stoma helyére fektették. A donorterületet primeren zárták. Az irodalom áttekintése, valamint saját esetük kapcsán javasolják a lebeny szélesebb körű alkalmazását, hangsúlyozva, hogy kiváló esztétikai eredményt ad, és a donorterület zárásához nincs szükség bőrátültetésre.
Egyedi műtéti megoldás fiatal férfi betegen manubriumresectio után Grade II chondrosarcomában
Authors: Kocsis Ákos , Agócs László , Kostic Szilárd , Török Klára , Molnár Miklós , Lévay Bernadett , Tóth Ferenc , Vadász Pál , Rényi-Vámos Ferenc
Published: December 2012

Absztrakt

Bevezetés: A primer malignus csontdaganatok kb. 30%-a chondrosarcoma, leginkább az elülső mellkasfalon jelentkeznek. Azoknak a betegeknek, akik megfelelő sebészi kezelést kapnak, 97%-os a 10 éves túlélési rátájuk. Ezenfelül fontos a terhelhetőség és a légzési funkció megőrzése, nem utolsósorban pedig az esztétikai eredmény. Beteg: A szerzők egy 44 éves férfi beteg esetét ismertetik, aki sportmasszőrként dolgozott, és a manubrium sterni Grade II chondrosarcomája miatt került műtétre. A beavatkozás során a sternum érintett része szélesen az épben kimetszésre került, a helyreállítás során a Dual Mesht bal oldali pectoralis major lebennyel fedték, valamint egyedi megoldásként a semitendinosus és -gracilis izmok inát felhasználva fixáltak két claviculát egymáshoz, ezáltal nagyfokú stabilitást adva a mellkasfalnak, és -visszaadva a felső végtag, illetve a vállöv terhelhetőségét. Eredmény: Eseménytelen posztoperatív szak után a beteg hamar felépült, és gyorsan visszatérhetett korábbi, a vállövet jelentősen igénybe vevő munkájához. Következtetés: A szerzők nem találtak hasonló műtéti eljárást az irodalomban, és ajánlják alkalmazását hasonló esetekben.
Behaviour of ball penetrometer in uniform single- and double-layer clays
Authors: ZHOU M. , HOSSAIN M.S. , HU Y. , LIU H.
Published: December 2012

The spherical ball penetrometer is increasingly being used for profiling the undrained shear strength of soils in centrifuge and offshore site investigations. This paper reports the results from large-deformation finite-element (LDFE) analysis undertaken to provide insight into ball penetrometer behaviour during undrained vertical penetration through uniform and stratified clay deposits. The LDFE analyses simulated continuous penetration of ball penetrometers from the seabed surface. The results were validated against centrifuge test data and plasticity solutions prior to undertaking a detailed parametric study, exploring a range of normalised soil properties and layer thicknesses and roughnesses of the soil/ball interface. The influence of the shaft (or area ratio) was also identified. The evolving soil failure patterns in single- and double-layer soils revealed two interesting aspects: soil backflow above the penetrometer, and trapping of the stronger material beneath the penetrometer. A framework has been proposed to account for these effects, which will allow accurate interpretation of soil undrained shear strength from the ball penetration resistance.
An investigation of construction accidents in Rwanda: perspectives from Kigali
Authors: Cokeham Matthew , Tutesigensi Apollo
Published: December 2012

The International Labour Organization suggests that measuring accident statistics is the first step in reducing accident numbers. However, many developing countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, including Rwanda, do not record accident statistics. In response to this, a questionnaire survey of 130 construction workers was undertaken in Kigali, the capital of the Republic of Rwanda, to raise awareness of construction accidents within the country. The survey generated information about 482 non-fatal and six fatal/serious accidents from 23 construction sites. This information enabled the determination of the primary causes and frequencies of accidents. Analysis at individual respondent level revealed that accident rate varied with nature of work for some accident causes and the average employee accident rate was high. Analysis at construction site level revealed that accident rates for some accident causes varied with certain construction site characteristics. It is anticipated that the outcomes of this study will support further research regarding occupational safety in Rwanda.