bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soutenir la recherche, s’inscrire dans le marché : le conseil d’administration du CNES ou la gestion des contradictions (1981-2001)
Authors: Lamy Jérôme
Published: June 2021

À partir des archives du conseil d’administration (CA) du CNES, l’enquête se propose de dégager la place spécifique de cette entité institutionnelle dont les décisions engagent les agents de l’organisation dans deux régimes de science : le régime régulatoire (visant à conformer des sciences par et pour le gouvernement) et le régime utilitaire (qui organise les débouchés marchands des productions scientifiques). Comment les membres du CA se positionnent-ils relativement à ces deux régimes ? Comment s’opère la régulation entre, d’une part, le déploiement d’un marché du spatial travaillé par la filialisation et la rentabilité des lanceurs et, d’autre part, la structuration des programmes scientifiques ? Informée de la sociologie des régimes de sciences de Terry Shinn, l’analyse proposée explore les points de tension et d’accommodement qui résultent de cette position éminemment complexe d’une instance organisationnelle structurellement articulée à des régimes de sciences très différents. La période 1981-2001 correspond à un moment particulier pour le CNES : structuration européenne du secteur spatial, extinction progressive de la course géopolitique entre les États-Unis et l’URSS (puis la Russie), domination idéologique des principes néolibéraux d’organisation du marché, développement des coopérations internationales dans le domaine des satellites. C’est dans ce contexte de reconfiguration que les modalités d’accommodement des contradictions entre les deux régimes, régulatoire et utilitaire, émergent au sein des discussions du CA.
Chapitre 7. Devolucion de piernas amputadas
Authors: Laverde Karen
Published: June 2021

En Colombie, la curieuse requête d’un citoyen dont la jambe avait dû être amputée pour des raisons de santé a surpris les juges. Cette personne exigeait en effet la restitution de sa jambe amputée, parce que, selon ses croyances religieuses, après sa mort, son corps devait être enterré au complet. L’affaire a abouti devant la Cour Constitutionnelle qui a ordonné l’application de mesures intéressantes lorsque des droits fondamentaux tels que le droit à la liberté de culte sont confrontés à la politique de santé publique.
L’influence du type de gratification de la carte de fidélité sur la satisfaction du client dans le secteur de la distribution au Cameroun
Authors: Pitti Haoua , Halidou Mamoudou , Tchingnabe Daniel
Published: June 2021

L’objet de cette recherche est d’analyser l’influence de cinq bénéfices perçus de la carte de fidélité sur la satisfaction du client. L’originalité de cette recherche tient tout d’abord du contexte novice aux programmes de fidélisation. Dans cette recherche, nous considérons les bénéfices des cartes de fidélité comme déterminants expliquant la satisfaction du client. La méthodologie utilisée ici est quantitative. Ainsi, à partir de données d’enquête analysées, nous confirmons l’influence positive de quatre bénéfices sur la satisfaction du client. À la différence des recherches passées, les résultats mettent en évidence la non contribution du bénéfice monétaire à la satisfaction du client.
Quand la comptabilité rencontre le capital humain : cinquante ans d’un rendez-vous manqué
Authors: Trébucq Stéphane , Nefti Michel
Published: June 2021

Dans le cadre de cet article, nous cherchons à déterminer dans quelle mesure la littérature académique comptable a réussi à capter tout ou partie de ce concept, et de ses problématiques associées. Pour ce faire, 129 articles académiques ont été identifiés, et traités à partir des logiciels GarganText et NVivo. Les résultats font apparaître une évolution des centres d’intérêt sur la période 1968-2019, avec une attente croissance en matière d’innovation et de connaissances.
L’influence des différences culturelles sur les pratiques managériales : l’expérience franco-tunisienne
Authors: Béjar Imen , Boudabbous Sami
Published: June 2021

La joint-venture internationale est un lieu de rencontre de plusieurs cultures différentes où chaque personne se réfère à sa propre culture dans ses compréhensions, ses interprétations et sa manière d’agir. Ce travail s’attache à l’idée de montrer que les différences culturelles sont source de nouvelles pratiques managériales des coentreprises franco-tunisiennes. Les résultats ont montré que la distance culturelle nationale affecte le processus de gestion et pousse les managers à instaurer de nouvelles pratiques managériales pour gérer l’entité nouvellement créée.
La socialisation par l’effort
Authors: Chèbre Aurélien , Renaud Jean-Nicolas
Published: June 2021

À travers l’exemple du cross-country en France entre 1907 et 1924, cet article se propose d’analyser les rouages d’une communauté émotionnelle singulière au sein de laquelle la socialisation des athlètes s’opère par l’effort éprouvé. Les plaisirs de la pratique en pleine nature l’hiver représentent un rite de consécration essentiel pour accéder à la communauté. Une fois intronisés, les néophytes apprennent à interpréter leurs sensations grâce aux conseils avisés des plus anciens qui mènent l’allure des pelotons, corrigent les imperfections techniques et refrènent l’ardeur des plus fougueux. Ce fonctionnement communautaire se retrouve néanmoins menacé par la dynamique de mise en spectacle du cross-country menée par la Fédération française d’athlétisme au cours des années 1920.
L’école de la revanche ?
Authors: Pabion Lionel
Published: June 2021

Avant 1914, le tir est une pratique massive dans le monde scolaire, même si le phénomène a été largement oublié. À partir des années 1880, mais surtout après 1905, les sociétés de tir scolaires et postscolaires, dirigées par des instituteurs, font l’objet de politiques volontaristes et se multiplient. Il en existe près de 2000 avant la guerre. Si leur nombre décroît par la suite, elles ne disparaissent pas totalement. Une culture militaire est ainsi diffusée hors de la caserne. Mais ce sont aussi des lieux de loisirs et de sociabilités nouvelles, qu’il ne faut pas caricaturer. L’étude du tir scolaire permet ainsi de relativiser le schéma de la « Revanche » et donne un éclairage sur la démilitarisation de l’école dans l’entre-deux-guerres.
Microbial contaminants in wild harvested and traded edible long-horned grasshopper, Ruspolia differens (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) in Uganda
Authors: Labu S. , Subramanian S. , Khamis F.M. , Akite P. , Kasangaki P. , Chemurot M. , Tanga C.M. , Ombura F.L.O. , Egonyu J.P.
Published: June 2021

This study investigated the relative abundance and identity of microbial contaminants of the edible long-horned grasshopper (Ruspolia differens) harvested from the wild and traded in informal markets in Uganda, to reveal high health risk points. Raw samples of whole R. differens were collected from wild vegetation, trapping sites and markets. Additionally, samples of plucked and deep-fried ready-to-eat R. differens were collected from the markets. The samples were cultured on standard media for microbial quantification, and pure cultures were characterised using molecular techniques. Bacterial and fungal counts in deep fried ready-to-eat R. differens were ~3- and 2-fold lower, respectively, than in raw samples. Loads of these microbes in deep fried insects were within recommended food safety limits. The highest bacterial counts were detected in whole R. differens samples from the market followed by trapping points. The fungal counts in the raw R. differens were comparable across the sampling points. The bacterial and fungal counts in R. differens in Kampala were not influenced by district of origin. Seven species of bacteria and seven species of fungi were recorded in R. differens samples. The microbial species were most diverse in samples from trapping points and least diverse in the deep-fried insects. The key pathogenic bacteria detected in marketed R. differens were Staphylococcus sciuri, Acinetobacter baumannii and Serratia marcescens, all of which were absent in wild-caught whole insects. Our results demonstrate that R. differens obtained at the trapping sites and markets are contaminated with potentially harmful microbes, therefore they require processing through deep frying to minimise health risks associated with their consumption. Further studies are warranted to elucidate specific handling practices at distribution and trapping points which may prevent introduction of microbes into R. differens.
The Relationship Between Psychological Resilience and Professional Quality of Life in Nurses
Authors: Atay Nuvit , Sahin Gizem , Buzlu Sevim
Published: June 2021

The current descriptive study investigated the correlation between psychological resilience and quality of professional life in clinic nurses. Nurses should have psychological resilience to have high compassion satisfaction and low burnout and compassion fatigue. The sample comprised 280 hospital nurses in Istanbul. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient. Psychological resilience was positively correlated with compassion satisfaction (
r
= 0.372;
p
< 0.01) and negatively correlated with burnout (
r
= −0.379;
p
< 0.01) and compassion fatigue (
r
= −0.336;
p
< 0.01). Psychological resilience was positively correlated with professional quality of life. Managerial interventions and training should be developed and implemented to help nurses develop psychological resilience to create a positive organizational culture. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 59
(6), 31–36.]
“Missing in Action” in Psychiatric Nursing History: The Role of Chief Nurse Adele S. Poston and Her Band of Nurses During World War I
Authors: Castelli Carolyn
Published: June 2021

This is the first nursing journal article to introduce the pioneering work of American psychiatric nurse leader, Adele S. Poston. Poston supervised a team of nurses as they cared for soldiers serving with the American Expeditionary Forces during World War I in France. Poston and her nurses worked in the first American specialized neuropsychiatric hospital in a war. The soldiers they treated primarily had functional nervous disorders described at that time as “shell shock” or “war neuroses.” The traumatized officers and enlisted men were considered capable of being cured and returned to active duty based on research done by American psychiatrists among British troops during the first 3 years of the war. The story of Poston's career prior, during, and after the war and her work with other nurses during a global war are significant in psychiatric nursing history. Bringing this hitherto missing piece of psychiatric and nursing history into the light gives us a unique opportunity to recognize Poston and the nurses who served with her, even as today we recognize the nurses who serve during the global COVID-19 pandemic. [
Journal of Psychosocial and Mental Health Services, 59
(6), 37–47.]
A New Wavefront Sensor With Polar Symmetry: Quantitative Comparisons With a Shack-Hartmann Wavefront Sensor
Authors: Carvalho Luis Alberto , Castro Jarbas , Chamon Wallace , Schor Paulo
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: A novel wavefront sensor has been developed. It follows the same principle of the Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor in that it is based on slope information. However, it has a different symmetry, which may offer benefits in terms of application.

METHODS: The new wavefront sensor consists of a set of donut-shaped acrylic lenses with a charge coupled device located at the focal plane. From detection of shift in the radial direction, radial slopes are computed for 2880 points. Theoretical computations for higher order aberrations and lower order aberrations were implemented for the Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor and the new wavefront sensor, and practical measurements were conducted on several sphere-cylinder trial lenses.

RESULTS: The overall mean value of root mean square error (RMSE) (in microns) for theoretical computations was 0.03 for the Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor and 0.02 for the new wavefront sensor. The mean value of RMSE for lower order aberrations (1-5) was 0.01 and 0.00003, and for higher order aberrations was 0.02 and 0.02, for the Shack-Hartmann and new wavefront sensors, respectively. For practical measurements (sphere, cylinder, axis), the standard deviation was 0.04 diopters (D), 0.04 D, and 4° for the new wavefront sensor and 0.02 D, 0.02 D, and 5° for the Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor.

CONCLUSIONS: Precision of the new wavefront sensor when measuring astigmatic and spherical surfaces is compatible with the Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor. Centration with this new sensor is an absolute process using the center of the entrance pupil, which is where the line of site passes. This wavefront sensor, similar to the Shack-Hartmann sensor, does not eliminate the possibility of tilt. For more conclusive and statistically valid data, in vivo measurements are needed. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:954-958.]
Fauna of the Land Habitats of the Pivka Lakes
Authors: Polak Slavko
Published: June 2021

V prispevku je podan pregled trenutnega poznavanja favne kopenskih habitatov Pivških jezer. Doslej je bilo na območju ugotovljenih 20 vrst sesalcev in 127 vrst ptic. Od ptic jih 75 vrst tu tudi gnezdi. Izpostavljene so vrst evropske ohranitvene pozornosti kot so kosec, hribski škrjanec, podhujka in pisana penica. Pisana penica, poljski škrjanec, rjavi srakoper in velik strnad imajo na Pivških jezerih ene največjih gnezditvenih gostot v državi. Na območju Pivških jezer je bilo doslej ugotovljenih 8 vrst plazilcev in 9 vrst dvoživk. Večina vrst je uvrščena na rdeči seznam ogroženih živali. Metulji dnevniki so relativno dobro raziskani. Za območje je znanih 106 vrst kar znaša 57% vseh v Sloveniji živečih vrst metuljev. Tudi med metulji je veliko ogroženih in ranljivih vrst. Doslej je znanih prek 210 vrst hroščev. Ocenjeno je, da tu živi med 4000 do 6000 vrst hroščev. Veliko ogroženih vrst je vezanih na močvirne travnike jezer, suha kraška travišča ter kamnite griže. Za gozdove in grmišča je značilnih manj ogroženih vrst živali. Naravovarstveno so pomembni ostanki starih hrastovih gozdov. Na območju Pivških jezer je zaradi opuščanja človekove rabe opaziti hitro zaraščanje travišč, kar vodi v zmanjševanje biotske pestrosti. Poleg pravnega zavarovanja Pivških jezer je zato predlagano aktivno upravljanje, ohranjanje in usmerjanje ter spodbujanje dosedanje ekstenzivne kmetijske rabe.  The paper gives an overview of the current knowledge of the fauna of the land habitats around the Pivka lakes. So far 20 mammal species and 127 bird species have been identified. Of the bird species, 75 also nest here. Special attention is paid to European conservation species such as the corn crake, woodlark, nightjar and barred warbler. The nesting density of the barred warbler, skylark, red-backed shrike and corn bunting at the Pivka lakes is among the highest in the country. In the area of the Pivka lakes 8 reptile species and 9 amphibian species have been identified. The majority of these species are on the Red List of Threatened Animals. The butterflies have been relatively well researched. 106 species have been identified in the area, which amounts to 57% of all species of butterflies living in Slovenia. Many of them are threatened and vulnerable species. To the present, 210 species of beetles have been identified, live here. Many of the threatened species are connected with the marshy grasslands of the lakes, dry karst grasslands and barren rocky outcrops. There are fewer threatened animal species in the forests and brush. The remains of old oak forests are scientifically important. Due to the abandonment of land use by humans in the area of the Pivka lakes we can observe the rapid overgrowth of pasturelands, which leads to decreased biodiversity. In addition to legal protection of the Pivka lakes it is therefore also recommend active management and conservation as well as preserving and encouragement of the formerly extensive farming practices.
Living with the Lake, Living Without the Lake An Introduction into the Research of the Way of Life by the Intermittent Karstic Lakes Petelinjsko Jezero and Palško Jezero
Authors: Erjavec Martina , Peršič Magda
Published: June 2021

Petelinjci in Palčani so se skozi stoletja prilagajali spremenljivi naravi presihajočih jezer. Obe jezeri sta poplavljeni le del leta, tako da travnate površine v poletnem času praviloma omogočajo vsakoletni pridelek sena. Palško jezero in obrežje Petelinjskega jezera sta primerna za pašo. V gospodarskem pogledu sta jezeri bili in sta še vedno vezani na vzrejo živine. Kmetovanje na tem področju v današnjem času ne prinaša dobička, zato se bo v prihodnosti krajina ohranila taka kot je le, če bo država namenila kmetijski dejavnosti dovolj denarne pomoči. Na jezero je bila do srede dvajsetega stoletja vezana še ena gospodarska dejavnost, in sicer ledarstvo. Dodatni dopolnilni dejavnosti, ki sta pogojeni z jezerom, sta lov in nabiralništvo. Petelinjci in Palčani so bili v preteklosti prisiljeni svoji jezeri deliti z avstroogrsko, italijansko in jugoslovansko vojsko, ki so za seboj pustile še danes vidne sledi. Jezeri s svojo nenavadno in nadvse slikovito naravo domačinom predstavljata kraj miru in sprostitve.   People of Petelinje and Palčje have adapted to the ever-changing nature of the intermittent karstic lakes through the centuries. Both lakes are filled with water only a part of the year, so that the grassy areas usually provide a yearly harvest of hay. Palško jezero and the shores of Petelinjsko jezero are suitable for pasturing. Economically the lakes were and still are connected with raising livestock. Agriculture is now no longer profitable, so the only way to preserve the land is by the state devoting enough money for agriculture. The lake was connected to another economic activity until the middle of the 20th century, ice making. Additional supplementary activities dependent on the lake are hunting and gathering. Petelinje and Palčje villagers had to share their lakes with the Austro-Hungarian, Italian and Yugoslav armies in the past; they left traces that can still be seen today. The lakes, with their unusual and highly picturesque nature, represent a place of peace and relaxation to the locals.
Strateška lega zgornje Pivke
Authors: Čuček Martina
Published: June 2021

Zgornja Pivka je že večkrat v zgodovini odigrala pomembno vlogo prav zaradi svoje strateške lege. Nazadnje se je to pokazalo po prvi svetovni vojni, ko je z uveljavitvijo Rapallske pogodbe pripadla Italiji in tako postala mejno ozemlje. Prek meje se je vzpostavil kontrabant. Čez Pivško kotlino je potekala druga linija Alpskega zidu, mogočnega obrambnega sistema, ki naj bi branil vzhodno mejo pred Jugoslavijo. Naravni prehod v smeri sever-jug, dobra preglednost nad kotlino ter dobri pogoji za oskrbo vojaških enot so bili glavni razlogi za izgradnjo utrdb na Primožu, kjer je bil hkrati komandni center za okoliške bunkerje. Za vojaške potrebe so zgradili vodne zbiralnike, ceste, mostove, smodnišnico, letališče, regulirali strugo reke Pivke in pogozdili burji izpostavljene predele. Vojska je trenirala na Petelinjskem in Palškem jezeru. Tu sta bila vojaška poligona že iz časa Avstro-Ogrske. Na jezerih je izvajala vojaške manevre tudi Jugoslovanska ljudska armada, ki je za razliko od italijanske vojske povzročila veliko večjo škodo. Dno Palškega jezera so 1990. leta sanirali in lastnikom zemljišč izplačali odškodnino, medtem ko najdemo na Petelinjskem jezeru še vedno luknje od granat, topovska gnezda in strelski jarek. Its strategic position has given Upper Pivka (Zgornja Pivka) an important role in history on several occasions. The last of these occurred after the implementation of the Rapallo Treaty at the end of the First World War, when the area was annexed to Italy and turned into borderland. Across the border the ‘Kontrabant’ developed. Through the Pivka Basin (Pivška kotlina) ran the second line of the Alpine Wall, which was a mighty defence system build to protect Italy’s eastern border with Yugoslavia. The natural north-east passage, a good view of the valley, and good conditions for supplying military units were the main reasons for building fortifications on the Primož hill. The command centre for the nearby bunkers was also located there. For military purposes, water reservoirs, roads, bridges, a powder magazine, and an airfield were built; the bed of the Pivka river was regulated, and the parts most exposed to strong winds (“burja”) were forested. Lakes Petelinjsko jezero and Palško jezero were used as training fields by the army. The two military fields had already been in service in Austro-Hungarian times. The Yugoslav People’s Army also used the lakes for its manoeuvres and did much more damage to them than the Italian army had done previously. The bottom of Palško jezero was reconstructed in 1990, and the owners were compensated. On Petelinjsko jezero, however, bomb craters, gunnests, and a trench can still be seen.
Reflexões sobre o legado colonial português na regulação das práticas sexuais entre pessoas do mesmo sexo em Moçambique
Authors: Costa Gustavo Gomes da
Published: June 2021

Nas últimas décadas, tem se observado na África Subsaariana, aumento expressivo da perseguição à população de lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, travestis e transexuais (LGBT). Essa perseguição tem ocorrido em países que herdaram das suas antigas metrópoles, legislações punitivas das práticas homoeróticas. O colonialismo britânico foi aquele que mais se engajou na punição das práticas sexuais entre pessoas do mesmo sexo, legando ampla legislação nos arcabouços jurídicos de suas ex-colônias. Em relação ao colonialismo português, são poucos os estudos que se debruçam sobre a regulação das relações entre pessoas do mesmo sexo. O presente artigo propõe analisar os possíveis impactos do colonialismo português na regulação das sexualidades entre pessoas do mesmo sexo em Moçambique. Para tanto, o artigo analisou o processo de criminalização das práticas homoeróticas em Portugal e suas colônias africanas, e refletindo sobre os impactos da scientia sexualis lusitana no desenho da legislação contrária aos “vícios contra a natureza”. O artigo também identificou a existência e aplicabilidade de leis específicas regulando a homossexualidade direcionadas à população nativa africana, assim como analisou o impacto de outros atores (p. ex., missionários religiosos) na regulação das relações sexuais entre pessoas do mesmo sexo em Moçambique.
Práticas do olhar, transformações do torcer: alianças e rivalidades na luta corporal Alto-Xinguana
Authors: Costa Carlos Eduardo
Published: June 2021

A luta corporal kindene é uma das práticas mais observadas no Alto Xingu, sendo registrada desde as pioneiras expedições no século XIX e por pesquisadores que trabalharam na demarcação da terra indígena em meados do século XX. Até mais recentemente, com a ampliação etnográfica dos povos e temas abordados, a kindene sempre foi alvo de sucintas, porém, prestigiosas descrições. Apesar desse caráter de epifenômeno, em meio a toda suntuosidade ritual na qual é primordialmente disputada, apresenta contendas políticas envolvendo a chefia; rivalidades históricas que atravessam gerações; transformações que consolidam sistemas regionais; emoções e performances entre lutadores e torcedores. A dinâmica da organização ritual, especialmente do egitsü, cerimônia pós-fúnebre em homenagem aos chefes, embaralha as relações interétnicas. Tais configurações promovem alianças e oposições na formação dos times e, por consequência, das torcidas que se rearranjam a cada evento. Este artigo propõe-se a dar maior visibilidade às relações entre os planos do jogar e do torcer, mediados pela faculdade do olhar nas comemorações das vitórias, indicando as transformações desencadeadas no universo relacional entre os povos da região. Posições determinantes para os combates rituais, os nginiko (“olhadores”), trazem à tona novos ângulos para tratarmos a complexidade das relações no contexto da chamada pax xinguana.
The Impact of Population Aging on Economic Growth: Panel Data Evidence from Middle East Countries
Authors: Bawazir Abdullah Abdulaziz , Aslam Mohamed , Osman Ahmad Farid
Published: June 2021

This study examines the relationship between population aging and economic growth in a panel of 10 selected Middle East countries for the period of 1996–2016. For this purpose, this study uses two different measures of population aging, namely population aged 65 and over and old dependency ratio, to investigate their impacts on economic growth. The study utilizes the three alternative models of static panel data comprised of the pooled ordinary least squares, random effects, and fixed effects. The results of the robust fixed effects model indicate that the population aged 65 and over and the old dependency ratio have a positive effect on economic growth. The finding supports the argument indicating that an aging population does not necessarily adversely affect economic growth in the developing countries as it does in the developed countries. Therefore, the elderly population is not a matter of concern for the Middle East and the mechanisms through which the effect can take place are savings behavior and human capital accumulation of the individuals.
New Business Models Sustainability
Authors: Rosário Albérico Travassos
Published: June 2021

Increased global concerns about climate change and environmental degradation have attracted attention to sustainable development strategies. Sustainability involves maintaining ecological balance, requiring organizations to integrate social, political, economic, and environmental concepts in their business models. This research chapter aims to explore the new business models associated with increased awareness of sustainability. Literature review methodology was used as the primary data collection method. Four main new business models were identified, including sustainable business model innovation (SBMI), triadic business model (T-Model), circular business model, and Web 2.0-based business model. Despite the differences in definition and implementation of these modern frameworks, innovation and sustainability remain the central concepts of enhancing value creation and capturing. While these business models aim to enhance organizations' capabilities to optimize new opportunities and overcome challenges, they also aim to improve society and protect the environment.
The Digital Bridge
Authors: Lopes da Silva Ana Catarina
Published: June 2021

Technologies and digital transformation are the forces that have transformed societies. In a world where everything seems to be under “control,” the unexpected occurs and forces rapid changes without proper time for planning. The future becomes uncertain, and the present becomes an excellent opportunity to upgrade and maximize profit by changing the way organizations work and especially how organizations communicate. The new world highlights the relevance of information systems flexibility and the powerful role that communication plays in the success of organizations.
Social Networks and Well-Being in Democracy in the Age of Digital Capitalism
Authors: Rascão José Poças
Published: June 2021

The objective of this work is, on the one hand, to study the new competitive forms that correspond to the development of the different markets linked to electronic platforms and social networks on the internet and, on the other hand, to develop a proposal for social welfare for the positive and negative impacts produced by the development of these markets. In the first part, the main social and economic changes inherent to political and social evolution are addressed. The main logical trends of the market are presented about production and modalities of information appropriation, in particular the new forms of information asymmetries in the electronic market.
Credit Risk Assessment of Internet Financial Platforms Based on BP Neural Network
Authors: Yuan Yu , Yang Yue
Published: June 2021

Aiming at the problem of credit risk, this paper selects key data indicators to establish an index system combining with the factors affecting the credit risk of the platform. Python crawler software was used to obtain relevant data of net lending platforms, and the crawled data of more than 1000 platforms were preprocessed. Ninety-five platforms with complete data were selected to build a BP neural network risk assessment model. The BP neural network model is used to make an empirical analysis of the risks of online lending platforms by using the data obtained, and the evaluation method of this paper is compared with the rating method of online lending sky eye. The empirical results show that the error of BP neural network can be stable at about 0.5, and the accuracy rate of evaluation is as high as 95.45%, which is much higher than the accuracy rate of 44.21% of net loan platform. This paper provides decision support for the credit risk early warning of net loan platform.
Fuzzy Control in Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Voskoglou Michael Gr.
Published: June 2021

Controllers are devices regulating the operation of other devices or systems. Fuzzy controllers analyze the input data in terms of variables which take on continuous values in the interval [0, 1]. Since fuzzy logic has the advantage of expressing the solution of the problems in the natural language, the use of fuzzy instead of traditional controllers makes easier the mechanization of tasks that have been already successfully performed by humans. In the present paper a theoretical fuzzy control model is developed for the braking system of autonomous vehicles, which are included among the most characteristic examples of Cyber-Physical Systems. For this, a simple geometric approach is followed using triangular fuzzy numbers as the basic tools.
An Evidential Approach for Area Coverage in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Boualem Adda , Ayaida Marwane , De Runz Cyril , Dahmani Youcef
Published: June 2021

The study of coverage problem in uncertain WSN environment requires the consideration of this uncertainty by taking the best possible decisions, since it is impossible to explicitly represent all the combinatorics to produce a conditional active/passive state nodes' planning in the area of interest, and allow reasoning on various environmental states of the partially known physical world. This paper addresses the problem of area coverage based on the Dempster-Shafer theory. The authors aim to ensure the full area coverage while using a subset of connected nodes, with minimal costs using a minimal number of dominant nodes regardless of the type of used deployment (random or deterministic). This is ensured by activating a single node in each subset of each geographic sub-area, thus extending the lifetime of the wireless sensor network to its maximum. The comparison of the proposed model denoted evidential approach for area coverage (EAAC) with two well-known protocols and with a recent one showed a better performance and a slight improvement in the covered area.
MMSE Indicator Error Rate Performance on MIMO When Increasing Modulation Order
Authors: Some Evariste , Ayad Ibrahim , Boots Bryan C.
Published: June 2021

Research in estimation theory has given evidence that the rich scattering of wireless channels is capable of great theoretical capacity if the multipath is efficiently utilized. Spatial multiplexing using multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems makes efficient use of a limited frequency spectrum and increases the transmission throughput in wireless communications systems. This paper reviews the performance of the minimum mean squared error estimator for MIMO. In this context, it shows that the minimum mean square error (MMSE) for MIMO receiver exhibits an intricate error behavior that depends on channel condition, the antenna configuration, and the degree of modulation order. To this purpose, an explicit step-by-step mathematical model is derived for the receiver estimator and the error covariance based on the MMSE MIMO. Analysis, simulation, and experiment based on open source and programmable hardware and software results show that the MMSE estimator receiver efficiency is also based on the modulation order.
Building Social Capital in Higher Education With Online Opportunistic Social Matching
Authors: Trí Đặng Firpo Daniel Raymond , Zhang Sonya , Olfman Lorne , Sirisaengtaksin Kittisak , Roberts Joe Tawan
Published: June 2021

Recently, colleges and universities have been forced to utilize distance learning. With students spending less time on campus, their sense of community may decrease because they would be less likely to participate in the community. This puts higher education commuter institutions at a disadvantage in terms of generating and maintaining social capital. The authors investigate the possibility to counter this disadvantage by actively promoting participation in a mobile online social network (OSN) supported by a context-aware notification and recommender system (NARS) to achieve opportunistic social matching, which mitigates information overload by considering each user's relational, social, and personal context as predictors of match opportunities. The results suggest that introducing a purposefully designed OSN has the potential to facilitate the creation of structural and relational social capital, but that it might not have an effect on cognitive social capital.
Internet, Social Media, and Mobile Device Addiction Effects on a Workplace
Authors: Carstens Deborah S. , Miller Jeffrey R. , Mahlman John A. , Shaffer Matthew J.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this literature review was to address an existing gap in the literature in understanding how addiction in the form of internet, social media, and mobile device addiction and dependency positively and negatively affect a workplace. The objective of the research was to review over 70 publications on the topics of internet addiction, social media addiction, mobile device dependency, a lack of leading consensus, benefits in the workplace, and challenges in the workplace to include industrial espionage. Future research is also addressed.
The Mediating Effect of Bridging Social Capital Between Social Media Usage and Affective Attitude
Authors: Bajaj Akhilesh , Bouchet Adrien , Sun Li
Published: June 2021

In this work, the authors develop and test a theoretical model that investigates the mediating effect of bridging social capital between usage of a brand specific social network site and consumer attitude towards the brand. Specifically, they see how usage of online social network sites drives consumer purchase intent, using university football as a domain to test the model. They find that bridging social capital is indeed a mediating construct between the university's sports social networking site usage and affective attitude towards the team brand. As social network site usage increases, both injunctive norms (perceptions about the expectations of referent others) and descriptive norms (perceptions of the actual behavior of referent others) increase. They show that these influence emotional reward, in the form of increased bridging social capital, which in turn influences affective attitude towards the brand. The findings contribute to understanding how consumer tribes form on online forums and how subjective norms influence affective consumer attitude.
Fully Remote Software Development Due to COVID Factor
Authors: Pashchenko Denis
Published: June 2021

The internal transformation and using the fully remote software development under the influence of the pandemic has not only changed the industry, but heralded the construction of a new reality. This article presents the results of a study that covered the experience of transformation of 26 project teams from the world's leading IT corporations, software vendors, and high-tech companies with strong internal development practices: Alphabet, Amazon, BSC Group, Custis, Deutsche Bank, Evernote, Exness, Positive Technologies, PromSvyazBank, Sberbank, VTB, Yandex. Experts determined the results of rapid adaptation to changes, considered the medium-term impact of the pandemic factor on work processes, and made forecasts for 2021. The results of the study are accompanied by brief comments and recommendations of the author, the main idea of which is the need to quickly understand a new trend in software development, hiring specialists, and organizing teams associated with the refusal of high-tech IT companies to return to teamwork in shared offices.
Exploring the Factors Influencing the Use of Communication and Collaboration Applications
Authors: Maican Catalin , Cazan Ana-Maria , Lixandroiu Radu , Dovleac Lavinia , Maican Maria Anca
Published: June 2021

Over the recent years, online communication and collaboration applications have been extensively used in teaching, learning, and research. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the attitudes and perceptions of higher education students concerning these applications and their use in learning activities. The research was conducted on 748 Romanian students. The findings have revealed that social networks represent the main category of communication and collaboration applications used for learning purposes. Additionally, gender-induced differences have been found, as well as variances among undergraduates and graduates by several dimensions of the unified technology acceptance model, while students' learning engagement proved to mediate the relationship between personality traits, technology self-efficacy, and the use of collaboration tools. The paper also offers a comparative analysis between the students' and the academics' responses to the use of online communication and collaboration applications in the same cultural and organizational context. Practical implications are also presented.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Guided Cardiac Catheterization Evacuation Drills
Authors: Cronin Ileen F. , Kanter Joshua P. , Deutsch Nina , Hamann Karin , Olivieri Laura , Cross Russell R.
Published: June 2021

Background

The interventional cardiac magnetic resonance imaging suite combines a cardiac catheterization x-ray laboratory with a magnetic resonance imaging suite. At the study institution, interventional cardiac magnetic resonance imaging procedures (ie, magnetic resonance imaging–guided cardiac catheterizations) have been performed under institutional review board–approved research protocols since 2015. Because the workplace incorporates x-ray and magnetic resonance imaging in a highly technical environment, education about the importance of magnet safety is crucial to ensure the safety of patients and staff.

Objective

To promote magnetic resonance imaging safety and staff preparedness to respond in emergency situations in a specialized interventional cardiac magnetic resonance imaging environment.

Methods

Quarterly in situ evacuation drills with a live volunteer were implemented. A retrospective participant survey using a Likert scale was conducted. Evacuations were timed from the cardiac arrest code alert to safe evacuation or defibrillation if appropriate.

Results

Over 4 years, 14 drills were performed. Twenty-nine of 48 participants responded to the survey, a 60% response rate. Most participants agreed or strongly agreed that the drills were a positive experience (90%) and that the drills increased their confidence in their ability to perform in an evacuation scenario (100%). Room evacuation times improved from 71 to 41 seconds. No patient or staff safety events occurred in the interventional cardiac magnetic resonance imaging environment.

Conclusion

Magnetic resonance imaging–guided cardiac catheterization evacuation drills promote preparedness, ensure patient and staff safety, and improve evacuation time in the interventional cardiac magnetic resonance imaging environment.
Off Target: Case Report of Heparin Resistance in a Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit Patient
Authors: Fetters Lisa , Sirianni Sue
Published: June 2021

Introduction

Heparin resistance was discovered in a patient in the surgical intensive care unit who underwent emergency endovascular coiling and later an anterior communicating artery clipping procedure to treat subarachnoid hemorrhage due to rupture of an anterior communicating artery aneurysm.

Clinical Findings

On intensive care unit day 17/postoperative day 3, the patient experienced shortness of breath, persistent tachycardia, and hypoxia. Bilateral pulmonary emboli, a saddle embolus, and lower-extremity and upper-extremity deep vein thrombi were diagnosed. The patient received high-dose unfractionated heparin (>35 000 U/24 h), and activated partial thromboplastin times remained subtherapeutic over the next 72 hours.

Diagnosis

Factor VIII activity, fibrinogen, antithrombin activity, antithrombin antigen, and platelet factor 4 were measured. The results demonstrated an increase in factor VIII activity to 342% (reference range, 50%-200%), elevated fibrinogen level of 441 mg/dL (reference range, 200-400 mg/dL), antithrombin antigen level of 92% (reference range, 80%-130%), elevated antithrombin activity of 108% (reference range, 80%-100%), and negative platelet factor 4 result, indicating that the patient did not have heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and confirming the diagnosis of heparin resistance.

Conclusions

Risk factors for heparin resistance include antithrombin deficiency, elevation of factor VIII or fibrinogen level, elevation in heparin-binding proteins, increased heparin clearance, sepsis, trauma, and burns. The astute critical care nurse may be the first to recognize this condition in a patient, preventing a potentially fatal complication.
Readiness Assessment for Extubation Planning in the Intensive Care Unit: A Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Johnny Jace D.
Published: June 2021

Background

Extubation failure is the reintubation of patients meeting criteria for weaning from mechanical ventilation. Extubation failure is correlated with mortality, prolonged mechanical ventilation, and longer hospital stays. Noninvasive ventilation or high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy after extubation is recommended to prevent extubation failure in high-risk patients.

Local Problem

The extubation failure rate is unknown. Prophylactic measures (noninvasive ventilation or high-flow nasal cannula) after extubation are not commonly used and vary among clinicians. The objective was to assess extubation planning readiness by determining extubation failure rate, identifying high-risk patients, and determining prophylactic measure compliance.

Methods

A quality improvement initiative included an evidence-based extubation failure risk assessment that identified high-risk patients and determined prophylactic measure compliance. A 2-year retrospective medical record review was used to determine baseline patient characteristics and extubation failure rate. Results Extubation failure rate within the retrospective cohort was 13 of 146 patients (8.9%). Extubation failure did not correlate with previously identified risk factors; however, 150 identified patients were excluded from analysis. During risk assessment integration, the extubation failure rate was 3 of 37 patients (8.1%) despite identifying 24 high-risk patients (65%). Few high-risk patients received prophylactic measures (noninvasive ventilation, 17%; high-flow nasal cannula, 12%).

Conclusions

Extubation failure should be routinely measured because of its effects on patient outcomes. This project reveals the multifactorial nature of extubation failure. Further research is needed to assess patients’ risk and account for acute conditions. This project used best practice guidelines for routine patient care and added transparency to a previously unmeasured event.
An Educational Video Improves Physician Knowledge of a Health Care Law that Affects Patient Care during Hospital Clinical Practice
Authors: Comer Amber R. , Salven James , Torke Alexia
Published: June 2021

When public health laws are passed that affect clinical practice within hospitals, it is important to educate physicians about best practices in implementing these laws into routine patient care in hospitals. An educational video was developed to inform physicians about a new state public health care law. This study sought to determine whether an educational video about a new state public health care law improves physicians’ knowledge of the law and how to implement the law during clinical practice. A total of n=33 internal medicine physicians participated in this study. This study found that an educational video was successful in increasing physician knowledge about a new public health care law that affects clinical practice. The utilization of validated educational videos may provide a useful resource when attempting to provide education about new public health laws that effect the provision of medical care.
Academic Stress in Adolescent Students of an Islamic-Based School: The Correlation with Parenting Style and Spirituality
Authors: Dwi Utari Intan Nurul , Hamid Achir Yani S.
Published: June 2021

Background

Adolescents are vulnerable to experiencing academic stress because of exams and their expectations about their careers. Proper parenting styles from parents can reduce students’ academic stress. Also, Islamic-based schools develop youth spirituality so it can reduce academic stress. This study aimed to identify the correlation of parenting styles and spirituality with academic stress in adolescent students of an Islamic-based school.

Design and Methods

The study was used descriptive correlative with a cross-sectional approach. Data was collected online started from April 3rd to May 10th, 2020, with 109 respondents of the 12th-grade senior student at Islamic-based high school MAN Jakarta Timur. Respondents were selected by simple random sampling. This study used the Parental Care Style Questionnaire, the Spiritual Involvement and Beliefs Scale, and the Educational Stress Scale for Adolescents. Data were analysed using the Pearson correlation analysis (CI 95%).

Results

There was a significant negative correlation between the democratic parenting style and academic stress level (p=0.000). There was a negative correlation between spirituality level and academic stress level (p=0.000).

Conclusions

This study suggests the parents use the democratic parenting style by encouraging and giving comfort to their children to be open to their parents about academic problems. Islamic-based schools should carry out routine religious programs, such as reading the Qur'an every day before classes start.
The Effectiveness of Baby Massage in Increasing Infant's Body Weight
Authors: Lestari Kurniati Puji , Nurbadlina Firdha Rahma , Wagiyo  , Jauhar Muhamad
Published: June 2021

Background

The low birth weight (LBW) problem is found in various developing countries with an increasing trend of cases every year. This is caused by nutritional status and a history of maternal health. The impact of LBW in children is they are more likely to experience delayed growth and development. This study aims to identify the effect of baby massage on infants’ body weight.

Design and Methods

The research design used was quasiexperimental pre and post-test type with control group. There were 16 infants for each group selected by purposive sampling. Baby massage was given to the infants twice a week within four weeks, 10 to 15 mins per session. Data analysis was used paired ttest and independent t-test.

Results

The mean age of infants was 3.69 months for both group, the mean age at birth was 37.8 weeks (intervention) and 38 weeks (control), the mean birth weight of infants was 2,295 grams (intervention) and 2,288 grams (control). Most of the infants was male for both group. There was an effect of baby massage on the increase in infants’ weight gain with a history of low birth weight significantly with a p-value <0.05.

Conclusions

Baby massage can increase infants’ weight with a history of low birth weight aged 1-6 months. The role of health workers is to provide education and practice baby massage for mothers in order to stimulate the growth and development of infants. This intervention can be integrated with maternal and child health programs in primary health care facilities.