bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adopting the diasporic son: Jeremy Lin and Taiwan sport nationalism
Authors: Chiang Ying , Chen Tzu-hsuan
Published: June 2013

Jeremy Lin and the resulting “Linsanity” has caused an unprecedented media and marketing frenzy worldwide. This essay examines its implication through reviewing media narratives in Taiwan, Lin’s ancestral homeland. Japanese colonizers first brought modern sports to the Taiwanese as a symbol of “civilization” and “modernity.” Although “athleticism” confronts Confucian tradition, sports began to play a subtle but crucial role in the Taiwan nationalism-building process. Although sports are marginally positioned in Taiwanese culture, various regimes have used sports and physical education to integrate national identity and national morale. Taiwanese nationalism lacks self-assurance and must be recognized by its significant others. “The glory of Taiwan” has become a common phrase in contemporary Taiwan media coverage. Regardless of how trivial the issue, the Taiwanese appear desperate for every chance to prove their existence and worth. Recently, Jeremy Lin became the famous “glory of Taiwan.” However, “Is Jeremy Lin Taiwanese?” raises a tricky and ambiguous question reflecting the complexity and anxiety of Taiwanese national identity. Through the lens of Linsanity in Taiwan media discourses, we argue that the Linsanity situation significantly differs from that of most Western societies. Taiwanese sportsmen, such as Jeremy Lin, became national heroes without “beating any foreign enemies.” Lin’s identity has become the most important issue of Linsanity for Taiwan media discourses. In the process of exploiting Linsanity, a peculiar embodiment of sports nationalism has surfaced in Taiwan.
Isolation of Bluetongue virus from canine abortions
Authors: Dubovi Edward J. , Hawkins Melissa , Griffin Robert A. , Johnson Donna J. , Ostlund Eileen N.
Published: June 2013

Three aborted canine fetuses were submitted to the Animal Health Diagnostic Center at Cornell University in November 2011 and September 2012 for diagnostic workups to determine the causes of the reproductive difficulties. Histological assessments of the sampled tissues were inconclusive due to the autolysis. Tests to detect bacterial causes of the abortions were also negative. Virus isolation testing on pooled tissues from the fetuses identified a cytopathogenic agent in cell cultures. Fluorescent antibody tests on the infected cells gave a positive reaction for Bluetongue virus, and subsequent serotype specific reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays identified the isolates as Bluetongue virus serotype 11. The current report describes the isolation of Bluetongue virus from dogs unrelated to contaminated vaccines and in the absence of a raw meat diet.
Bovine immunoglobulin G does not have an inhibitory effect on diagnostic polymerase chain reaction utilizing magnetic bead extraction methods as demonstrated on the detection of Bovine viral diarrhea virus in dairy calves
Authors: Chigerwe Munashe , Crossley Beate M.
Published: June 2013

The objective of the current study was to investigate if the presence of colostral-derived immunoglobulin G (IgG) in blood is an inhibitor of diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). Eleven precolostral and 11 postcolostral blood samples in ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) anticoagulant as well as serum samples were collected from 11 Holstein bull calves. Calves were fed 3 liters of colostrum once, by oroesophageal tubing. Postcolostral, blood, and serum samples were collected at 48 hr of age. Serum IgG concentrations were determined in the precolostral and postcolostral serum samples using radial immunodiffusion. The blood samples (precolostral and postcolostral) were spiked with BVDV, and 2 diagnostic PCR extraction methods were applied to each sample. The extraction and amplification efficiencies of the 2 PCR methods on the precolostral and postcolostral EDTA blood samples were evaluated. Two of the 11 calves had inadequate passive transfer of colostral immunoglobulins at 48 hr of age based on the serum IgG concentrations. All blood samples from calves were negative for BVDV prior to the spiking with the virus. Evaluation of the 2 different methods among 3 different virus concentrations demonstrated that there was no difference in extraction or amplification efficiency in precolostral and postcolostral samples. The results of this study suggest that bovine IgG is not an inhibitor of PCR used for detection of BVDV in cattle. The methods used in the current study are acceptable for PCR detection of BVDV in cattle.
Characterization of Fusobacterium necrophorum isolated from llama and alpaca
Authors: Kumar Amit , Anderson David , Amachawadi Raghavendra G. , Nagaraja Tiruvoor G. , Narayanan Sanjeev K.
Published: June 2013

Fusobacterium necrophorum, a Gram-negative, anaerobic bacterium, is an opportunistic animal and human pathogen that causes a variety of infections termed necrobacillosis. There are 2 subspecies of F. necrophorum (subsp. necrophorum and subsp. funduliforme) that differ morphologically and biochemically and in virulence. Leukotoxin, a secreted protein, is considered to be the major virulence factor. In camelids, F. necrophorum causes a variety of infections, generally involving the lips, tongue, pharynx, interdigital spaces, foot pad, larynx, mandible, or maxillary bones. The objective of the current study was to characterize the presumptive Fusobacterium isolates from a variety of necrotic infections in llama ( Lama glama) and alpaca ( Vicugna pacos) and determine whether the strains possess leukotoxin activities. A total of 7 isolates from alpaca and 2 isolates from llama were characterized. Based on growth characteristics in broth culture, and biochemical and polymerase chain reaction analyses, all 9 isolates belonged to subsp. necrophorum and possessed the putative hemagglutinin gene. Western blot analysis with antileukotoxin antibodies raised in rabbit showed the presence of leukotoxin protein in the culture supernatant of all isolates. Furthermore, flow cytometry of the culture supernatants demonstrated cytotoxicity to bovine and alpaca polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). The extent of cytotoxicity to either alpaca or bovine PMNs differed among camelid strains. The cytotoxicity of many of the camelid strains was higher ( P < 0.05) toward alpaca PMNs compared to bovine PMNs. Fusobacterium necrophorum isolates from llama and alpaca are similar to bovine isolates, and leukotoxin may be a major virulence factor.
On the functional characteristics of pseudoelastic adaptive resetting of shape memory actuators in the field of automotive applications
Authors: Czechowicz Alexander
Published: June 2013

Shape memory alloys are thermally activated smart materials. Due to their ability to change into a previously imprinted actual shape by means of thermal activation, they are suitable as actuators for mechatronical systems. Despite the advantages shape memory alloy actuators provide (lightweight actuators, lower costs, and so on), these elements are seldom integrated by engineers into automotive systems. One reason for this phenomenon among others is the varying dynamic behavior at different ambient temperatures. A methodical approach through the problem definition, as well as the presentation of different solutions using adaptive resetting, introduces experimental results on the behavior of these actuator systems. This article presents different solutions and longtime experiments compared to conventional shape memory alloy actuators at automotive conditions. It concentrates on the possibility of utilization of a pseudoelastic resetting element working in combination with a shape memory alloy actuator.
End-of-Life Treatment Decision Making
Authors: Colclough Yoshiko Yamashita , Brown Gary M.
Published: June 2013

This study explored American Indians’ end-of-life experiences in treatment decision making. Scarce knowledge about this population’s perspective regarding end-of-life treatments has resulted in health care providers (HCPs) functioning at less than optimum levels. Using a community-based participatory research approach, open-ended interview data were collected and analyzed using a grounded theory method. Patient and family participants generally stated that the physicians made the treatment decisions for them, while HCPs believed that patients participated in informed autonomous treatment decision making. Both parties (HCPs and patients and families) were not aware of American Indian’s psychological aspect that interfered with the exercise of the right of informed consent. This additional understanding would benefit them in order to result in ethically and legally sound practice of patient’s autonomous treatment decision making.
On Belay
Authors: Tucker Anita R. , Sugerman Deb , Zelov Ryan
Published: June 2013

Focus groups with youth and their parents were used in this research study to better understand the impact of the On Belay Program, an adventure-based support group for youth whose parents have cancer. Results demonstrated that challenge course programs reduce isolation in youth by creating a caring community and normalizing the cancer experience. Results also showed the importance of providing a place where the youth, not the parent or the parent’s illness, is the focus. Finally, the feelings of strength and empowerment gained from successfully accomplishing the physical challenges faced in the program were also applied to challenges faced at home.
The Critical Roles of Localization and Physiology for Understanding Parietal Contributions to Memory Retrieval
Authors: Nelson Steven M. , McDermott Kathleen B. , Wig Gagan S. , Schlaggar Bradley L. , Petersen Steven E.
Published: June 2013

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of recognition memory ubiquitously demonstrate retrieval-related activity in left lateral parietal cortex (LLPC) when contrasting studied (“old”) items with unstudied (“new”) items. Recent work demonstrates that there is considerable functional–anatomical heterogeneity in LLPC. One implication of this observation is that single- or dual-process models fall short of characterizing LLPC contributions to memory retrieval. Instead of considering LLPC as a single entity, functional accounts must be given for each of the distinct regions that show retrieval-related effects; we posit there are a minimum of four such regions and very likely more. Identification of these LLPC regions requires careful analysis to map the boundaries and the extent of the regions precisely. In addition, characterizing the functional responses as activations or deactivations relative to baseline will be crucial in understanding the underlying cognitive processes. Considering LLPC in both memory and “nonmemory” domains will also illuminate the contribution of these regions, because it is certainly unlikely they serve only the domain of memory retrieval.
Apixaban as an Alternate Oral Anticoagulant for the Management of Patients With Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Walenga Jeanine M. , Prechel Margaret , Hoppensteadt Debra , Escalante Vicki , Chaudhry Talhah , Jeske Walter P. , Bakhos Mamdouh
Published: June 2013

Due to the pronounced hypercoagulable state in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), alternatives to heparin that do not interact with HIT antibodies are needed for anticoagulation management. This study was designed to determine whether the oral factor Xa inhibitor apixaban could be used. Functional platelet activation with apixaban in the presence of HIT antibodies was evaluated by the 14C-serotonin release assay (SRA; washed platelets) and the heparin-induced platelet aggregation assay (PA-HIT; platelet-rich plasma). A consistent absence of platelet activation by apixaban (0.05-50 μg/mL) was observed: SRA (n = 35) 11 ± 4% and PA-HIT (n = 37) 8 ± 3% (mean ± standard error of the mean; positive is >20%) versus heparin (0.1 U/mL) 82 ± 3% SRA and 78 ± 6% PA-HIT ( P < 0.01) versus enoxaparin (10 μg/mL) 73 ± 5% SRA and 62 ± 7% PA-HIT. Apixaban may provide an option for oral anticoagulation in patients with HIT, particularly for extended management and prevention.
Model predictive control algorithms for active vibration control: a study on timing, performance and implementation properties
Authors: Takács Gergely , Rohal'-Ilkiv Boris
Published: June 2013

The dynamic properties of vibration control systems pose unique requirements and challenges on the implementation of model predictive control (MPC) algorithms with stability and feasibility guarantees. This article presents a comprehensive experimental comparison of computation timing and damping performance for various MPC methods; analyzing their offline and online properties in active vibration control and their impact on practical implementability. Optimal and sub-optimal MPC algorithms providing guaranteed stability and constraint feasibility have been applied to the real-time active vibration attenuation of a lightly damped mechanical test structure. Based on the experiments presented in this paper, the standard and sequential quadratic programming-based, optimal and sub-optimal minimum time multi-parametric programming-based and the sub-optimal Newton–Raphson’s algorithm-based MPC methods demonstrate closely comparable vibration attenuation performance. The offline and online timing analysis indicates that the underlying difference between the investigated MPC algorithms lies mainly in practical implementability difficulties caused by inherent algorithm efficiency, rendering certain variants of MPC more suitable for vibration control than others.
Optimal locations of piezoelectric actuators and sensors for supersonic flutter control of composite laminated panels
Authors: Song Zhi-Guang , Li Feng-Ming
Published: June 2013

The optimal active flutter control of supersonic composite laminated panels is studied using the distributed piezoelectric actuators/sensors pairs. The supersonic piston theory is used to calculate the unsteady aerodynamic pressure, and Hamilton’s principle with the assumed mode method is employed to develop the equation of motion of the structural system. The controllers are designed by the proportional feedback control method and the linear quadratic Gauss (LQG) algorithm. The optimal locations of the actuator/sensor pairs are determined by the genetic algorithm (GA). The aeroelastic properties of the structural system are mainly analyzed using the frequency-domain method. The time-domain responses of the structure are also computed using the Runge–Kutta method. The influences of ply angle on the flutter bound of the laminated panel with different length–width ratios are analyzed. The optimal design for the locations for different numbers of piezoelectric patches used in the proportional feedback control is carried out through the GA. Meanwhile, the control effects using different numbers of actuator/sensor pairs are investigated. The flutter suppression by the LQG algorithm is also carried out. The control effects using the two different controllers are compared. Numerical simulations show that the optimal locations obtained by the GA can increase the critical flutter aerodynamic pressure significantly, and the LQG algorithm is more effective in flutter suppression for supersonic structures than the proportional feedback controller.
The Researcher and the Beast
Authors: Vandekinderen Caroline , Roets Griet , Van Hove Geert
Published: June 2013

In this article, we discuss not only the complexity of some difficult ethical issues but also the peculiar and reciprocal engagements that emerged during the research process carried out with Jimmy Sax, along with the ways in which we have attempted to deal with the ethics of research to avoid a reproduction of processes of Othering in the field of critical disability studies. In the existing body of qualitative research literature, an increasing number of researchers document their experience of the issue of situational and relational research ethics. However, since research evolves as an activity embedded in social, political, and historical contexts, we argue that qualitative researchers should also embrace sociopolitical research ethics. In that vein, inspired by poststructuralist (and) feminist philosophers, we identify and discuss two different conceptualizations of research ethics, referring to care for the other and care of the self.
The Bike With the Pink Tires—On Global Science Gateways, Safespaces, and Benefiting From Confusions
Authors: Reinertsen Anne Beate
Published: June 2013

This is a live world writing story about my stay as visiting scholar at the Department of Communications, University of Illinois, Urbana/Champaign with Professor Norman Denzin during the Fall of 2012. It is a story about open-science economy safespaces otherplace learning and benefiting from uncertainty and confusion and the love of adventure and jazz. It is a story about the bike with the pink tires leaning calmly against the wall of the ROTC building, guarding the gate against invaders, and growing deeper shades of red as the weather shifts.
Crying a Thesis
Authors: Johnson Mardones Daniel F.
Published: June 2013

This article revisits a narrative space opened by writing a master’s thesis on history teachers’ identity since a biographic-narrative approach. Teacher identity is understood as a process of becoming through a complicated conversation about our educational experience; a conversation with ourselves and others. The work takes the shape of a play in which multiple voices come together to tell this story.
Unexpected Manifestations of (Dis)Orientation
Authors: Hughes Hilary E.
Published: June 2013

The story presented here is adapted from my phenomenological dissertation project, which I wrote as a multigenre dissertation in a format similar to a teen magazine. It is a story of bodies and girls and resistance. It is a story of an incredible group of seventh grade girls of color who embodied some kind of agency in resistance-to a phenomenon I named bodily-not-enoughness: those moments in American culture when someone or something tells girls and women we are not enough of something in our lived or physical bodies. Because this story is about lives that are not yet over, I present it in the way that stories are lived: fragmented, selectively, contextually constructed (Richardson, 1997), and with plenty of interruptions.
Lying Down Anyhow
Authors: Crow Liz
Published: June 2013

Where lying down is a simple physiological act, lying down among people is a far more complicated thing. When my own body requires me either to lie down in public places or absent myself from the social world, I face complicated questions about who I am and who I want to be in a world where I do not conform. Interweaving diaries and memory with conversation, observation, secondary research, and reflection, this autoethnographic text is a celebration of the rebel body and of a search for a more curious way of being. Unfolding a collective need for courage to break rules that cry out to be broken, Lying Down Anyhow begins with my body but is, more truthfully, a tale for every body.
Poetic Renarration of Disenfranchised Grief in Relation to Client Suicide
Authors: Clark Jane Laura
Published: June 2013

The three poetically renarrated accounts presented below arise from data collected as part of a qualitative exploration of therapists’ experiences of disenfranchised grief in relation to the suicidal deaths of their clients. The first poem encapsulates the raw emotions experienced by one of the participants, Murray, in relation to his client’s death. The second and third poems reflect upon the ways in which his experiences were subsequently silenced by his client’s widow and by his broader personal and professional contexts. As will become quickly apparent, by revisiting and recasting the original narrative data through a poetic lens, a richer and more palpable means of understanding the impact of client suicide on therapists is offered than that provided by conventional narrative text.
Finding a Comparison Group
Authors: Azzam Tarek , Jacobson Miriam R.
Published: June 2013

This article explores the viability of online crowdsourcing for creating matched-comparison groups. This exploratory study compares survey results from a randomized control group to survey results from a matched-comparison group created from Amazon.com ’s MTurk crowdsourcing service to determine their comparability. Study findings indicate that online crowdsourcing, a process that allows access to many participants to complete specific tasks, is a potentially viable resource for evaluation designs where access to comparison groups, large budgets, and/or time are limited. The article highlights the strengths and limitations of the online crowdsourcing approach and describes ways that it could potentially be used in evaluation practice.
Using Symmetric Prediction of Endogenous Subgroups for Causal Inferences About Program Effects Under Robust Assumptions
Authors: Bell Stephen H. , Peck Laura R.
Published: June 2013

To answer “what works?” questions about policy interventions based on an experimental design, Peck (2003) proposes to use baseline characteristics to symmetrically divide treatment and control group members into subgroups defined by endogenously determined postrandom assignment events. Symmetric prediction of these subgroups in both experimental arms ensures the internal validity of the subgroup impacts estimates but leaves the external validity of the findings in doubt. A final step of the procedure solves for impacts on actual subgroups using a system of equations that is underidentified without further assumptions. We address these assumptions by first extending the methodology to encompass three rather than two endogenous subgroups and then proposing plausible assumptions for deriving impacts for actual endogenous subgroups. We also consider how the first-stage prediction process can be structured to better support the accuracy of the assumptions.
On the relative performance of hole-flanging by incremental sheet forming and conventional press-working
Authors: Montanari L , Cristino VA , Silva MB , Martins PAF
Published: June 2013

The purpose of this article is to provide readers with a broad understanding on the deformation mechanics of hole-flanging by incremental sheet forming that will enable them to identify the major operating parameters, to determine the process formability window and to successfully design hole-flanged sheet metal parts. The methodology draws upon the utilization of circle grid analysis, measurement of the gauge length strains at the onset of fracture in a wide range of sheet formability tests, determination of the failure limits by necking and fracture and evaluation of the relative performance of hole-flanging by incremental sheet forming and conventional press-working. The presentation is illustrated with selected test cases obtained from a comprehensive experimental investigation. The overall content of this article widens and enhances previous research work by the authors in the understanding of the deformation mechanics and failure in hole-flanging by incremental sheet forming and includes new experimental data in stainless steel AISI304L.
Interplay of power and learning in planning processes: A dynamic view
Authors: Schmidt-Thomé Kaisa , Mäntysalo Raine
Published: June 2013

We offer a novel conceptualisation of power relations in planning by bringing together Steven Lukes’ and Gregory Bateson’s frames. By studying ‘double-binds’, we can explain both the mechanisms of implicit ‘power over’ and the sources of reflective learning to transcend them and regain ‘power to’. We use the conflict over the Stuttgart railway station to illustrate how the interplay of power and learning suits the analysis of power dynamics in planning processes. In this contentious case, the opposition against the ‘Stuttgart 21’ learnt to frame and resist the large-scale traffic infrastructure and urban renewal project, initiated by the German railway company Deutsche Bahn. The power of the opposition seems to have coincided with the shifts between the three dimensions of power (Lukes), and these shifts become well understood as three cross-cutting levels of learning (Bateson).
An international survey of bacterial contamination and householders’ knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of hygiene
Authors: Oxford John , Berezin Eitan N , Courvalin Patrice , Dwyer Dominic , Exner Martin , Jana Laura A. , Kaku Mitsuo , Lee Christopher , Letlape Kgosi , Low Donald E. , Madani Tariq Ahmed , Rubino Joseph R. , Saini Narendra , Schoub Barry D. , Signorelli Carlo , Tierno Philip M. , Zhong Xuhui
Published: June 2013

This prospective, multinational study was conducted in 20 homes in eight cities or regions in different countries to determine the level of microbiological contamination of common surfaces and items, and investigate the attitudes and perceptions of householders towards cleaning and hygiene. Environmental Health Practitioners took eight standardised swabs in each home. The swabs were cultured for a range of micro-organisms. Householders ( n=160) were also interviewed regarding their cleaning habits and perceptions of hygiene. Overall, 28% of surfaces or items tested in the study had ‘moderate bacterial growth’ or ‘heavy bacterial growth’. Kitchen cloths were the most contaminated items, with 86% having moderate bacterial growth or heavy bacterial growth; kitchen taps were the second most contaminated items, with 52% having moderate bacterial growth or heavy bacterial growth. High proportions (>50%) of kitchen cloths contained coliforms, Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas spp. The visual appearance of surfaces and items frequently (30%) did not correspond to their level of contamination with micro-organisms. The majority of householders (65%) cleaned to make the house ‘look clean, smell nice and remove germs’; however, householders’ perceptions of the cleanliness of their homes frequently did not correspond to microbiological reality. In conclusion, further research and education are needed regarding hygiene in the home.
Mechanisms involved in curcumin-induced human neutrophil apoptosis: Evidence that curcumin activates the endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced cell apoptosis pathway
Authors: Antoine Francis , Girard Denis
Published: June 2013

Curcumin was previously reported to accelerate neutrophil apoptosis, but the mechanism is unclear. Herein, we confirmed that curcumin induces human neutrophil apoptosis as assessed by cytology and by increase in the cell surface expression of annexin-V and CD16 shedding. Curcumin activated caspase-3 and the cleavage of the two cytoskeletal proteins lamin B1 and vimentin. In addition, curcumin activated protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase and eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha and reduced de novo protein synthesis and the protein expression of the two chaperone proteins, HSP70 and HSP90. We conclude that curcumin acts as an endoplasmic reticulum stressor in human neutrophils. The ability of curcumin to activate the endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced cell apoptotic pathway is part of its mode of action in primary cells like mature neutrophils.
Level of Europeanization and Policy Outcomes
Authors: Tebaldi Mauro , Calaresu Marco
Published: June 2013

The European Union (EU) is a decision-making, polycentric political community, with double-layer boundaries and constitutionally and procedurally plural decisions. Likewise, it may be assumed that the existence and the peculiar functioning of European-level policy-making governance, the increase in number of its structures, and its multilevel character may result in a new policy regime. The institutionalization-Europeanization level of the organizational field may become indispensable in determining which type of policy network and what styles of policy are established, or in influencing the degree of responsiveness and accountability, quality and intensity of interaction between the actors involved, the degree of territorial and functional consistency established in the Member States, and the decision-making skills of the EU itself. The aim of this work is to develop and evaluate basic assumptions, by means of an exploratory survey, focusing on the policy outcomes (as dependent variable) of the institutionalization-Europeanization of the common security policy (as independent variable).
Will democracy bring peace to Myanmar?
Authors: Nilsen Marte
Published: June 2013

The objective of this article is to assess the current political developments in Myanmar and the impact of the democratic transition on the country’s persistent ethnic conflicts. It analyses the dynamics in the triangular relations between the ruling elite, the democratic opposition and the ethnic groups – the three necessary parties in any peace process. It also examines some of the internal lines of conflict within each of these parties and delineates four scenarios related to various possible outcomes of the elections in 2015. The argument of the article is that democratization does not in itself provide a viable solution to the war-torn country. Without a political process that involves all ethnic groups, aiming to target core problems in the Constitution and to secure genuine political representation and self-determination for Myanmar’s minority populations, there is little hope for lasting peace.
An Unusual Presentation of Isolated Leptomeningeal Disease in Carcinoma of Unknown Primary With Pancreatic Features
Authors: Anne Madhurima , Ahmad Nazish , Lee Paul , Aziz Mohamed , Lebowicz Yehuda
Published: June 2013

Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) can occur in a small percentage of patients with active metastatic cancer. However, we report a case of LMD occurring during disease remission in a patient with carcinoma of unknown primary with panreaticobiliary features. A 45-year-old woman was found with mediastinal and abdominal lymphadenopathy with lymph node biopsy consistent with adenocarcinoma, expressing immunomarkers CK7, CK20, and Ca19-9 along with markedly elevated serum Ca19-9 level. The patient was started on a pancreatic cancer directed chemotherapy regimen of Folfirinox (5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, irinotecan) and achieved complete response. She was then noted to have slowly rising Ca19-9 level that did not correlate with her lack of evidence of systemic disease progression. Eventually, she presented with neurologic symptoms and was found on imaging to have isolated LMD.
The Translation of the Scriptures and the Ecumenical Patriarchate: The Translation Efforts of Hilarion of Tirnovo
Authors: Vaporis Nomikos M.
Published: June 2013

In the beginning of the nineteenth century, Constantinople continued to be the intellectual and religious centre of the Greeks despite rival flourishing educational and economic centres in such cities as Smyrna, Kydonies (Aivali), and Chios. Moreover, it was the ‘national’ centre of the Greek people. It was natural, therefore, that the subject of a new translation of the Scriptures, a project affecting all Greeks, should have arisen once more in the Ottoman capital.
The Lament of the Virgin in Byzantine Literature and Modern Greek Folk-Song
Authors: Alexiou Margaret
Published: June 2013

The lament of the Virgin at the Crucifixion of Christ is a theme which can be traced throughout Greek tradition, from at least the sixth century to the present day. It is also found in a wide variety of sources: in the hymns and liturgy of the Orthodox Church, in prose homilies, in learned and vernacular poetry, and in modern folk songs from most areas of the Greekspeaking world. We therefore have an opportunity to examine how different writers and poets responded to a single theme over a period of nearly fifteen centuries.
The First Arab Expedition against Amorium
Authors: Kaegi Walter E.
Published: June 2013

The chronology of Byzantine history in the middle of the seventh century is obscure and confused. Among the unsettled problems is the date of the early Arab raids into Asia Minor after the Arabs completed their conquest of Palestine and Syria in 640. The scanty Greek and Oriental Christian sources need supplementation from the Arabic ones. Although Charles C. Torrey published his edition of the Futūḥ Miṣr or History of the Conquest of Egypt, North Africa and Spain by Ibn ‘Abd al-Hakam more than fifty years ago, Byzantinists do not appear to have consulted the important section on Egypt which has not been fully translated into a western language. Yet Ibn ‘Abd al-Hakam, who was born c. 798-9 and who died in 871, is a significant and early historical authority. He provides a short reference to an Arab expedition against Amorium in the year A.H. 23 (A.D. 644): ‘… according to Layth b. Sa’d [and] he said ‘Wahb b. ‘Umayr was commander of the forces of Egypt in the Amorium expedition [fī ghazwati ‘Ammūriyata] in the year twenty-three and the commander of the forces of Syria [was] Abu’l-A’war al-Sulamī’.’
The Date of the Synopsis Minor of the Basilics
Authors: Angold Michael
Published: June 2013

It comes as no surprise that the Synopsis Minor of the Basilics has been more or less neglected by modern scholars, for it is hardly an impressive monument of Byzantine jurisprudence. It is little more than a hack compilation of excerpts taken for the most part from the Synopsis Major of the Basilics and the Ponema Iuris of the eleventh-century historian Michael Attaleiates. Its main interest lies in the inclusion of some of Manuel I Komnenos’s (1143–80) legislation. This furnishes a terminus post quern for the date of the Synopsis Minor. A terminus ante quern is furnished by its earliest manuscript, which dates from the late thirteenth century. K. E. Zachariae von Lingenthal, the editor of the Synopsis Minor, ventured to suggest that it was compiled under the Emperors of Nicaea, most probably during the reign of John III Vatatzes (1222–54). Modern scholarship has followed him, with a greater or lesser degree of conviction.
Photius and Poetry
Authors: Baldwin Barry
Published: June 2013

‘No art or science, except poetry, was foreign to this universal scholar’. Thus Edward Gibbon. It has long been notorious that poets are excluded from the Bibliotheca. Why? The question persists. Hence the present paper.
Jakob Philipp Fallmerayer and George Finlay
Authors: Hussey J. M.
Published: June 2013

The collection of Finlay Papers in the British School at Athens though throwing invaluable light on the character of George Finlay and on conditions in the Greece and western Europe of his day, are by no means complete in their coverage. The diaries cover only certain years; the Letter Book records mainly family and business correspondence; the actual copies of surviving letters both to and from Finlay—apart from Finlay to Leake or Leicester Warren—seem to owe their preservation to chance rather than policy. Yet Finlay was no less interested in the history of Trebizond than in Greek topography or in numismatics, and a stray survival among his papers seems to indicate that he had closer relations with Fallmerayer than is suggested by the almost total omission of any reference to him in the works on the Fragmentist (as Fallmerayer called himself). The editor of Fallmerayer’s collected works, his best friend G. M. Thomas (the ‘carissimus Thomas’ of the Tagebücher), does mention the generosity of Fallmerayer’s attitude towards Finlay’s work on Trebizond, but that is about all.
Some Observations on Alexios Philanthropenos and Maximos Planoudes
Authors: Laiou Angeliki
Published: June 2013

The campaign of Alexios Philanthropenos in Asia Minor, and his subsequent rebellion and punishment were among the most dramatic events in the Byzantine Empire in the 1290s. When first he assumed the responsibilities of a general and doux of the Thrakesion theme, Alexios was the great hope of the Emperor, Andronikos II, and of the population of Asia Minor. With his army, the general soon achieved spectacular victories in the Maeander valley. The Turks of the area were defeated, the Greek population took heart, deserted cities and villages were repopulated; he was able to send back to Constantinople the spoils of war, gold and silver and corn, and many captives. Large numbers of Turks, pressed on the other side by the Mongols, preferred to join Philanthropenos’ army, and came to form a substantial part of it. To his own followers he gave a considerable portion of the spoils, and this too spurred them on to greater victories. The local population, having at last found a defender, joined him and gave him their loyalty.
Originality and Eroticism: Constantine Cavafy and the Alexandrian Epigram
Authors: Caires Valerie A.
Published: June 2013

Although it has become generally accepted by critics that Constantine Cavafy (1863–1933) was influenced greatly by the Hellenistic epigram ‘in attitude, subject matter, and technique’, a close comparison of that poetic tradition and Cavafy’s poems reveals interesting differences as well as similarities. We know that Cavafy was familiar with Hellenistic literature and that he had a copy of J. W. Mackail’s Select Epigrams from the Greek Anthology in his personal library. His reading, however, ‘was much more extensive than his library’. More significant than this is the evidence to be found in his poems, which range from an actual mention of ancient epigrams to obvious imitations of them. Cavafy’s poems for the most part, however, are quite original in their tone and erotic stance when compared directly to the Alexandrian epigrams.
On the Synchrony and Diachrony of Modern Greek NA
Authors: Joseph Brian D.
Published: June 2013

The Modern Greek particle ná has two main uses, as a subordinating particle and as a deictic particle. In this first use, it occurs with verbs in a variety of complement structures, as in (1), as well as with some apparent main-clause verbs, as in (2), that have special (i.e. non-declarative) illocutionary force, and may be derivable from underlying abstract complement structures:
Economic Expansion in Central Greece in the Eleventh Century
Authors: Harvey Alan
Published: June 2013

A familiar orthodoxy in Byzantine history is that the empire’s economy began to stagnate in the eleventh century. It was a turning-point marked by the development of large estates at the expense of independent peasants and the onset of demographic decline. The demographic trend has been much discussed and generally pessimistic conclusions have been reached. Recently, Lemerle has asserted that the labour force was less plentiful than land.
Time out of Mind: The Relationship Between Story and Narrative in Solomos’ ‘The Cretan’
Authors: Mackridge Peter
Published: June 2013

The work of half a dozen scholars, which has appeared during the last twenty years, has brought about a veritable revolution in the way Solomos’ poetry (and in particular ‘The Cretan’) can be read. Their publications have enabled us at last to view Solomos’ work in its proper context and in its proper perspective.

The first and without doubt the most significant of these publications was the late Linos Politis’ edition of the autograph manuscripts (Solomos 1964), which literally made it possible for the first time for anyone to read what could not previously be deciphered except by a handful of dedicated and experienced palaeographers (foremost among whom was, of course, Politis himself). With the Autograph Works before us, we need no longer rely solely on Polylas’ (albeit inspired) choice of variants; instead, we can observe the mature poems in the very process of their growth, appreciating the whole variety of versions that Solomos considered using.
‘New Art History’ vs. ‘Old History’: writing art history
Authors: Cormack Robin
Published: June 2013

Readers of the judicious paper by John Haldon on ‘“Jargon” vs. “the Facts”?’ Byzantine History-Writing and Contemporary Debates’ will have looked in vain for comment on the status of visual evidence. It is not that art is entirely unmentioned — a reference is made to the history of art and of cultural production in general as belonging to the history of the human past. But no consideration is given to the role of the visual as communication in Byzantine society or as a particular kind of ‘unwritten’ figural evidence which might form a characteristic arena of expression separate from the discourses of texts. Yet it is clear that one outcome of the current theoretical debates on how to read texts and images has been a new questioning of the meanings of visual evidence and of its value in history writing. Contrary to the belief of some historians, methodological changes in history writing have a direct impact on art history writing too. The most obvious result has been an increasing emphasis on ways of understanding how images worked in Byzantine society in preference to an exclusive concentration on the categorization and arrangement of art in line with modern and often anachronistic notions. The inevitable outcome is that the study of art can no longer be considered the preserve of the traditional art historian.
On nine unpublished letters of the young Theotokas
Authors: Krikos-Davis Katerina
Published: June 2013

The nine letters to be discussed here were written by George Theotokas (1905-1966) in the space of ten months, that is, between the 20th of December 1922 and the 14th of October 1923. This was the first year he spent in Greece and also his first year at the University of Athens where he studied law. Indeed, eight of these letters were sent from Athens and one (No. 8) from Leros where he stayed for part of his summer holidays. The recipient was Sophoclis Dimitriadis, an old school-friend. During the same period Dimitriadis was first in Vienna following a course of commercial studies, then back in Constantinople and finally in Bucharest for business reasons as the family firm had connections there. His own letters in reply have not been found nor indeed any of those which, presumably, Theotokas wrote to him in subsequent years. In the latter instance, the only exception is a card dated 13 September 1947 where he expresses regret for having seen Dimitriadis only once during that summer and explains that he had been too preoccupied with his father’s illness. In fact, although their interests and professional lives were quite different (Theotokas a lawyer but first and foremost a writer, Dimitriadis a businessman), it seems that they never lost touch altogether but made a point of meeting every so often until, that is, Dimitriadis’ premature death in 1964, two years before that of Theotokas.
Intermediate-dose versus high-dose prophylaxis for severe hemophilia: comparing outcome and costs since the 1970s
Authors: Fischer Kathelijn , Steen Carlsson Katarina , Petrini Pia , Holmström Margareta , Ljung Rolf , van den Berg H. Marijke , Berntorp Erik
Published: June 2013

Key Points

Compared with intermediate-dose prophylaxis (3 × 1000 IU/wk), high-dose prophylaxis (3 × 2000 IU/wk) resulted in a 66% higher total cost. At age 24 years, high-dose prophylaxis resulted in a small reduction in bleeding and hemophilic arthropathy, but equal quality of life.
Dispersing away from bad genotypes: the evolution of Fitness-Associated Dispersal (FAD) in homogeneous environments
Authors: Gueijman Ariel , Ayali Amir , Ram Yoav , Hadany Lilach
Published: June 2013

Background

Dispersal is a major factor in ecological and evolutionary dynamics. Although empirical evidence shows that the tendency to disperse varies among individuals in many organisms, the evolution of dispersal patterns is not fully understood. Previous theoretical studies have shown that condition-dependent dispersal may evolve as a means to move to a different environment when environments are heterogeneous in space or in time. However, dispersal is also a means to genetically diversify offspring, a genetic advantage that might be particularly important when the individual fitness is low. We suggest that plasticity in dispersal, in which fit individuals are less likely to disperse (Fitness-Associated Dispersal, or FAD), can evolve due to its evolutionary advantages even when the environment is homogeneous and stable, kin competition is weak, and the cost of dispersal is high.

Results

Using stochastic simulations we show that throughout the parameter range, selection favors FAD over uniform dispersal (in which all individuals disperse with equal probability). FAD also has significant long-term effects on the mean fitness and genotypic variance of the population.

Conclusions

We show that FAD evolves under a very wide parameter range, regardless of its effects on the population mean fitness. We predict that individuals of low quality will have an increased tendency for dispersal, even when the environment is homogeneous, there is no direct competition with neighbors, and dispersal carries significant costs.
Comparative transcriptome analysis of obligately asexual and cyclically sexual rotifers reveals genes with putative functions in sexual reproduction, dormancy, and asexual egg production
Authors: Hanson Sara J , Stelzer Claus-Peter , Welch David B Mark , Logsdon John M
Published: June 2013

Background

Sexual reproduction is a widely studied biological process because it is critically important to the genetics, evolution, and ecology of eukaryotes. Despite decades of study on this topic, no comprehensive explanation has been accepted that explains the evolutionary forces underlying its prevalence and persistence in nature. Monogonont rotifers offer a useful system for experimental studies relating to the evolution of sexual reproduction due to their rapid reproductive rate and close relationship to the putatively ancient asexual bdelloid rotifers. However, little is known about the molecular underpinnings of sex in any rotifer species.

Results

We generated mRNA-seq libraries for obligate parthenogenetic (OP) and cyclical parthenogenetic (CP) strains of the monogonont rotifer, Brachionus calyciflorus, to identify genes specific to both modes of reproduction. Our differential expression analysis identified receptors with putative roles in signaling pathways responsible for the transition from asexual to sexual reproduction. Differential expression of a specific copy of the duplicated cell cycle regulatory gene CDC20 and specific copies of histone H2A suggest that such duplications may underlie the phenotypic plasticity required for reproductive mode switch in monogononts. We further identified differential expression of genes involved in the formation of resting eggs, a process linked exclusively to sex in this species. Finally, we identified transcripts from the bdelloid rotifer Adineta ricciae that have significant sequence similarity to genes with higher expression in CP strains of B. calyciflorus.

Conclusions

Our analysis of global gene expression differences between facultatively sexual and exclusively asexual populations of B. calyciflorus provides insights into the molecular nature of sexual reproduction in rotifers. Furthermore, our results offer insight into the evolution of obligate asexuality in bdelloid rotifers and provide indicators important for the use of monogononts as a model system for investigating the evolution of sexual reproduction.