bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
JOÃO FILGUEIRAS LIMA, LELÉ
Authors: Lukiantchuki Marieli
Published: May 2022

Lelé foi um dos maiores ícones da arquitetura brasileira apresentando um trabalho apoiado em três aspectos essenciais: industrialização, conforto ambiental e humanização. Arquiteto com amplo domínio sobre os aspectos construtivos, Lelé também é conhecido como construtor e formador de mão-de-obra especializada. Dominou os aspectos técnicos de forma brilhante concebendo ao mesmo tempo edifícios humanizados, totalmente idealizados para o ser humano. Com extensa proximidade com os aspectos da natureza, incorporou nos edifícios aspectos de iluminação e ventilação naturais de forma intensa, sendo referência da área do conforto ambiental. Além disso, se destaca como um arquiteto com olhar atento aos aspectos sociais, onde acreditava que a arquitetura é um instrumento destinado a resolver os diferentes problemas existentes no nosso país. O artigo demonstra essa integração tanto no discurso quanto na prática projetual através da visão dos diferentes profissionais que trabalharam com o arquiteto ao longo de sua trajetória profissional. Através de diversas entrevistas realizadas com o arquiteto e com diferentes profissionais que atuaram com ele em sua equipe de projeto, Lelé é apresentado pelo olhar de seus companheiros de longos anos, analisando sua obra tanto na esfera do discurso quanto em sua materialização na prática projetual através da análise de seus projetos.
AVALIAÇÃO PÓS-OCUPAÇÃO DE EMPREENDIMENTO HABITACIONAL PARA IDOSOS
Authors: Azevêdo Viviane , Miranda Livia
Published: May 2022

O crescimento da população brasileira de idosos nos últimos anos evidencia a atual necessidade por políticas públicas capazes de atender essa nova demanda. Sob essa perspectiva a pesquisa objetivou avaliar o empreendimento habitacional de interesse social para idosos, denominado Cidade Madura, situado na cidade de Campina Grande-PB. O estudo foi desenvolvido a partir da correlação de três etapas: Análise da inserção urbana, Análise urbanística e arquitetônica e Análise das impressões dos moradores, focando nas adequações do desenho urbano e dos projetos urbanístico e arquitetônico às necessidades do usuário. Os resultados do trabalho indicam que apesar dos principais problemas identificados no empreendimento relacionados a inserção urbana, acessibilidade, desapropriação dos espaços coletivos, segregação socioespacial e etária, existe aprovação e satisfação pela maioria dos moradores com a moradia atual e com o programa Cidade Madura. Entre as razões para a boa avaliação do empreendimento se destacam: o acesso a moradia adequada, o baixo preço da mensalidade, ou em alguns casos a isenção dela, e a oportunidade de convívio com pessoas da mesma faixa etária. Conclui-se então, a necessidade da implementação de novas soluções e estratégias para que os futuros empreendimentos solucionem as falhas identificadas, ampliando a adequação do empreendimento e o nível de satisfação dos usuários.
PROJETARCOM: UMA REFLEXÃO CRÍTICA FUNDAMENTADA NA TEORIA ATOR-REDE
Authors: Fernandes de Britto Tanara , Rheingantz Paulo Afonso , Borda Almeida da Silva Adriane
Published: May 2022

As múltiplas realidades em constante transformação do mundo contemporâneo complexificam o processo de projeto em arquitetura-urbanismo. Em consonância com os fundamentos dos estudos Ciência-Tecnologia-Sociedade (CTS) e da Teoria Ator-Rede (TAR), este artigo apresenta uma visão alternativa da ação projetual a partir do entendimento do projeto de arquitetura como um artefato sociotécnico que performa uma construção coletiva cujas redes híbridas articulam e associam atores humanos e não-humanos. O artigo explora tentativas de definição do termo projeto e da ação projetual e reúne proposições sobre os tipos de problemas de projeto e sobre a integração dos saberes por meio de questões disciplinares, com o objetivo fazer um movimento em direção ao projetarCOM a partir da proposição de reflexões sobre os cinco pressupostos que o delineam. Tomadas à luz da TAR, questões de autoria são abordadas a partir do reconhecimento de que a origem da ação é reduzida e distribuída, e que a capacidade de agência de tudo e todos implica num afastamento de reivindicações de autoria exclusiva.  Nesse sentido, buscamos colaborar para o entendimento de que as tentativas de simplificação do processo projetual ao rigor de uma atividade técnica se afastam da indeterminação e perversidade inerentes de seus problemas, bem como da complexidade e não-linearidade das redes que o sustentam.
DOMÓTICA, INMÓTICA E URBÓTICA
Authors: Ferreira Rodrigo , Carranza Edite , Junior Pedro , Panico Cleber
Published: May 2022

O contínuo aumento da população urbana e a decorrente concentração de edifícios nas cidades têm causado aumento exponencial na geração de resíduos, consumo de energia e recursos naturais, impactando no aquecimento global. Para enfrentar esses problemas, a conferência das Nações Unidas sobre as mudanças climáticas de 2021 - COP 26, definiu metas para redução do efeito estufa, as quais poderão ser atingidas mediante a transdisciplinaridade entre Arquitetura, Computação, Eletrônica e Automação. O objetivo desse artigo é cotejar a aplicação de novas tecnologias na produção do espaço construído; assim como suas contribuições na sustentabilidade desses ambientes. Metodologicamente, elaborou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o tema, levantamento de exemplos nacionais e internacionais da aplicação de tecnologias, além de apresentar ferramentas computacionais que contribuíram tanto para o design quanto para o monitoramento de projetos. Dessa forma, pretende-se contribuir com o estudo dessas novas tendências: domótica, inmótica e urbótica, para a produção do espaço - arquitetura e cidade - inteligente e sustentável no século XXI.
EXPERIÊNCIA PARTICIPATIVA EM ARQUITETURA
Authors: Moreira Neto Edgardo , Thuler Danielle Ferreira
Published: May 2022

Partindo da vontade de compartilhar experiências e fomentar discussões teórico-práticas de projetos em arquitetura, sob a óptica da chamada “pesquisa arquitetônica baseada na prática” (AKŠAMIJA, 2021), apresentamos esta descrição de um caso concreto: a projetação dos LAB-DEPS, os Laboratórios Departamentais do ICB - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da UFMG. Estes se inserem em um planejamento maior para uma requalificação global do Instituto, que se qualifica por uma abordagem cooperativa e pouco autoral. Metodologicamente, o presente estudo articulou revisão bibliográfica, pesquisas documentais, entrevistas, análise do atual processo de projetação e observações participativas – uma vez que o autor é também parte da equipe de arquitetos do projeto. Inicialmente, foram revistas algumas críticas às práticas modernistas do princípio do século XX para a universalização dos usuários e o apego ao chamado programa de necessidades, reconhecendo no arquiteto italiano Giancarlo De Carlo as ideias de valorização das diferenças subjetivas e sociais, das necessidades específicas e da projetação democrática. Em seguida, contextualizou-se o projeto do ICB desde sua concepção original na década de 1970, para que seja possível compreender os limites e as potencialidades dos novos projetos para os atuais LAB-DEPS. Ao final, descreveu-se o processo de projetação participativa, no sentido de prática do tipo botton-up, para esses novos ambientes laboratoriais. Encerra-se com a análise crítica dos resultados projetuais parciais, que têm se mostrado bastantes satisfatórios para os usuários e para a instituição educacional de nível superior e pública do qual o projeto analisado faz parte.
Current Applications and Benefits of Polymeric Nanocarriers for the
Management of Skin Disorders
Authors: Pierre Maria Bernadete Riemma
Published: May 2022

Preparations for topical application are highly important for therapeutic and
cosmetic use since the skin has an extensive and accessible application area. Among the
many advantages, this route avoids the systemic effects of the substances and, therefore,
fewer adverse reactions are observed. However, the skin is an organ with a remarkable
barrier effect, which can compromise the administration of pharmacologically / cosmetologically
active molecules. Thus, the skin permeability of substances is a challenge that
is only achieved through the preparation of formulations capable of overcoming that
same barrier. Nanotechnology was introduced in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic areas
to enable the development of systems for the delivery of substances and the optimization
of already existing formulations. Among the several benefits and advantages of nanotechnology
for topical application is the increased penetration of the drug in the skin, the improvement
of the stability of the active, decrease in the active substances (reducing the
possible toxic effects and allergic reactions caused by the high concentration of these
compounds), and even the intensification of the drug action. This manuscript reviews the
topical delivery technologies based on polymeric nanocarriers (PNC) as nanoparticles (NP)
and nanogels (NG) and their benefits for better efficacy in most common cutaneous disorders.
It starts with skin properties, the aspects for the penetration of active ingredients
in the skin and cutaneous penetration challenges, followed by a summary of strategies for
skin penetration/permeation of drugs. Then, the focus of the current research was to review
NPs and NGs explored for skin disorders management published during the last
years.
MicroRNAs and their Implications in CD4+ T-cells,
Oligodendrocytes and Dendritic Cells in Multiple Sclerosis
Pathogenesis
Authors: Safari Armin , Madadi Soheil , Schwarzenbach Heidi , Soleimani Mohsen , Safari Armita , Ahmadi Mohammad , Soleimani Meysam
Published: May 2022

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been established as key players in various biological processes regulating differentiation, proliferation, inflammation, and autoimmune disorders. Emerging evidence suggests the critical role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (M.S.). Here, we provide a comprehensive overview on miRNAs which are differentially expressed in M.S. patients or experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice and contribute to M.S. pathogenesis through regulating diverse pathways including CD4+ T cells proliferation, differentiation, and activation in three subtypes of CD4+ T cells including Th1, Th17 and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Moreover, regulation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPC) differentiation as a crucial player of M.S. pathogenesis is also described. Our literature research showed that miR-223 could affect different pathways involved in M.S. pathogenesis, such as promoting Th1 differentiation, activating the M2 phenotype of myeloid cells, and clearing myelin debris. MiR-223 was also identified as a potential biomarker, distinguishing relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) from progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS), and thus, it may be an attractive target for further investigations. Our overview provides a novel, potential therapeutic targets for the treatment and new insights into miRNAs' role in M.S. pathogenesis.
Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Spirothiadiazole Oxindoles
and their Mannich Bases
Authors: Sim Kooi-Mow , Leong Pei-Theng , Wong Wai-Sum , Teo Kah-Cheng
Published: May 2022

A series of new spirothiadiazole oxindoles were synthesized by the reaction of 4-amino-5-
mercapto-3-[(1H-indol-3-yl)methyl]-1,2,4-triazole and isatin derivatives. The reaction of spiro [indole]
thiadiazoles with formaldehyde and piperidine afforded the corresponding Mannich bases. The structures
of newly synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR, and LC/MS
spectral data.
Post-COVID-19 Pulmonary Hypertension: How it May Physiologically
Affect Exercise Training
Authors: Hashim Natiara Mohamad , Ibrahim Muhammad Amin , Ahmedy Fatimah , Ibrahim Khairul Shafiq , Zohdi Wan Najwa Wan Mohd , Roslan Nor Faridah Ahmad
Published: May 2022

Exercise training is paramount in improving aerobic capacity, lung function, reducing the symptoms of dyspnea, and reconditioning the lean skeletal muscles. Many literature and guidelines have advocated the importance of exercise intervention in addressing the secondary impairment to post covid-19 infection, including home-based therapy and telerehabilitation. Pulmonary hyperten-sion (PH) was previously thought to be contraindicated by exercise training; however, exercise was later found to be beneficial and relatively safe in chronic PH. However, there is a lack of high-quality evidence on the safety and effectiveness of exercise training in post-COVID-19 infected in-dividuals with PH. Pulmonary hypertension has been documented to be one of the post-COVID-19 complications. PH occurred due to COVID-19 infection should be carefully considered before sub-jecting them to exercise training, especially in home-based therapy. This article aims to discuss the differing etiological factor, pathophysiological backgrounds, and the possible disease long-term outcomes that may compromise the safety of exercise training in post-COVID-19 patients compli-cated with PH. By understanding the risk of developing PH, risk assessment and stratification can be explicitly outlined for a safe exercise prescription through proper patient selections. Any possible complications can be anticipated; hence, proper preventive strategies can be instituted.
Optical Properties of a Composite System with Nematic LC and Colloids Quantum Dots
Authors: Galyametdinov Yuriy , Osipova V. , Kurilov A. , Belyaev V. , Chausov D. , Belyaev A.
Published: May 2022

Background:

Optical luminescence in a composite system with nematic LC 4-
octyloxy-4’-cyanobuphenyl (8OCB) and semiconductor quantum dots CdSe/CdS and
CdSe/CdS/ZnS has been synthesized by a water-organic method.

Methods:

Composites have been investigated by means of polarizing microscopy, dynamic light
scattering, and measurements of dielectric properties in the frequency range from 20 Hz to 5
MHz. The non-radiative excitation energy transfer from the liquid crystal molecules to the quantum
dot in the LC-QD composite is detected by using the luminescence spectroscopy method.

Results:

This effect as well as the shift of the luminescence band is owing to components’ intermolecular
interaction.

Conclusion:

The optimal concentration of QD in a composite that enhanced luminescence intensity
was detected.
Analysis of Intoxication, Rehospitalization, and One-year Survival of
Heart Failure Patients Receiving Digoxin at Harapan Kita National Cardiovascular
Center, Jakarta, Indonesia: A Cross Section-observational Study
Authors: Nafrialdi Nafrialdi , Tiaranita Cindy , Suyatna Fransiscus D. , Siswanto Bambang Budi
Published: May 2022

Background:

Despite being the oldest therapy for heart failure, the use of digoxin is still controversial due to narrow margin of safety. In Indonesia, digoxin is still considered as one of treatment for heart failure. However, analysis of intoxication have never been reported. This study aims to analyze the occurrence of digoxin intoxication, rate of rehospitalization and one-year survival in heart failure patients under digoxin treatment.

Methods:

A cross section-observational study was conducted at Harapan Kita National Cardiovascular Centre from January 2017 to December 2018 on heart failure patients who received digoxin therapy and had data of serum digoxin level. Intoxication was defined as the presence of specific ECG alteration(s), at least one extra-cardiac symptom(s) and further classified as definite (serum digoxin >2 ng/mL), probable (serum digoxin 0.91-1.99 ng/mL), or possible (serum digoxin 0.5-0.9 ng/mL). Risk factors of intoxication were analyzed by Chi-square test, and one-year survival was analyzed with Kaplan Meyer method.

Results:

54 of 195 patients (27.69%) were classified as having intoxication, consisting of 32 (16.41%) definite, 19 (9.74%) probable, and 3 (1.54%) possible. Renal insufficiency was revealed as a significant influencing factor of digoxin intoxication with RR 2.48 (CI
1.13-5.464, p=0.016). Overall one-year survival of patients receiving digoxin was 259 days in the intoxication group and 307 days in the non-intoxication group. One-year rehospitalization was 11.8% in patients who received digoxin, and 29.2% in those without digoxin (p=0.085).

Conclusion:

The proportion of digoxin intoxication in heart failure patients was 27.69%. Renal insufficiency was revealed as a significant influencing factor of intoxication. There was a tendency of reduced hospitalization in those who received digoxin.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Tacrolimus in Tunisian Renal Transplant
Patients during the Tuberculosis Infection: A Retrospective, Observational,
Single-centre Analysis
Authors: Ammar Helmi , Sassi Mouna Ben , Charfi Rim , Jebar Hanene El , Daghfous Riadh , Gaies Emna , Trabelsi Sameh
Published: May 2022

Tuberculosis is a challenge in organ transplantation due to the interaction between Anti-
Tuberculosis Treatment (ATT) and immunosuppressive drugs, such as Tacrolimus (TAC). This
study aimed to assess this interaction and discuss the guidelines used in this specific case.

Methods:

A retrospective, observational, single-center analysis was performed at the Department
of Clinical Pharmacology (National Centre of Pharmacovigilance, Tunisia). We analyzed the database
of patients who received TAC from 2009 until 2018. We included samples provided from renal
transplant patients infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis after transplantation. Trough blood
levels (C0) were determined using an immunoassay analyzer. The Therapeutic Range (TR) of TAC
was considered between 5 and 10 ng/mL. Pharmacokinetic parameters were compared between the
period of co-administration of TAC/ATT (period A) and the period during which patients received
only TAC (period B).

Results:

Seven renal transplant patients treated by TAC were included. 41 samples were analyzed
(16; period A, 25; period B). Only 6 % of C0 values were found within TR during period A, while
this rate was 44% during period B. During period A, 88% of TAC C0 was under the lower limit of
TR, indicating a high risk of transplant rejection. The mean C0 and C0/D were significantly lower
during period A (3.11±1.53 ng/mL vs 7.11 ± 3.37 ng/mL; p = 0.001 and 33.06 ± 24.89 vs 83.14 ±
44.46; p = 0.0006, respectively), without difference in doses between periods.

Conclusion:

Considering the results of this study, clinicians are suggested to monitor TAC closely
in this particular circumstance.
Drug-induced Sudden Death: A Scoping Review
Authors: Amaro-Hosey Kristopher , Castells Xavier , Blanco-Silvente Lidia , Loma-Osorio Pablo , Capellà Dolors
Published: May 2022

Background:

The risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) can be increased with the use of
drugs. However, it has been described heterogeneously in the literature.

Objective:

This study aims to systematically review epidemiological studies dealing with druginduced
sudden death, describe their methodologies, and summarize the results found.

Methods:

A scoping review has been carried out using Medline electronic database. The search
was limited up to 2020. Epidemiological studies were included, and case reports or case series
were excluded.

Results:

Out of 3,114 potential articles, 74 were included. Most studies originated from North
America (40.5%) or Europe (39.2%). Case-control (47.3%) or cohort (40.5%) studies were the
most common designs. The data for outcomes and exposure were retrieved mainly from administrative
databases (37.8%) or medical charts/hospital discharge reports (32.4%), but most studies
used several sources of information. A composite variable of sudden death or SCD, mainly with
ventricular arrhythmia, was the most frequently used endpoint. Only 18.9% of the studies included
autopsy results to confirm the death. Psychotropic drugs were the most frequently studied. An increased
risk of different outcomes for typical antipsychotics, tricyclic antidepressants, domperidone,
and antiepileptics is suggested.

Conclusion:

The methodologies used were highly heterogeneous, and the results were, in general,
not conclusive. An improvement of the methodologies is needed to achieve a conclusion regarding
the risk of SCD associated with drug use.
Medicinal Importance, Pharmacological Activities, and Analytical Aspects
of Engeletin in Medicine: Therapeutic Benefit Through Scientific Data
Analysis
Authors: Patel Dinesh Kumar
Published: May 2022

Background:

Phytochemicals belonging to the class of flavonoids have been used in medicine
for the treatment of different kinds of human health complications. Flavonoids have beneficial
health aspects in medicine mainly due to their anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer,
and anti-carcinogenic activities. They have been scientifically investigated for their health benefit
and pharmacological activities in medicine. Engeletin is a pure flavanonol class phytocompound
present in the skin of white grapes and white wine. Engeletin has numerous pharmacological activities
in medicine.

Methods:

In order to know the beneficial health aspects of engeletin in medicine, scientific data on
engeletin have been collected from different literature sources and analyzed in the present work. The
present work summarized the important findings of engeletin with respect to its medicinal uses, pharmacological
activities, and analytical aspects in medicine. All the scientific data were collected from
PubMed, Google, Scopus, Science Direct and Google Scholar and analyzed in the present work.

Results:

Scientific data analysis of research works revealed the biological importance and therapeutic
benefit of engeletin in medicine. Engeletin has attracted scientific attention mainly due to its antiinflammatory
and anti-tumor potential. Engeletin could inhibit the occurrence of cervical cancer and
delay the development of liver damage and lung cancer in mice. Engeletin was found to inhibit lipopolysaccharides-
induced endometritis in mice by inhibiting the inflammatory response. Pharmacological
data analysis revealed the therapeutic importance of engeletin against acute lung injury, inflammatory
diseases, liver injury, pulmonary fibrogenesis, Alzheimer’s disease, endometritis, cervical carcinogenesis,
lung cancer, and osteoarthritis. Analytical data signified the importance of modern analytical
tools for separating, isolating, and identifying engeletin.

Conclusion:

Scientific data analysis revealed the biological importance and therapeutic benefit of
engeletin in medicine and other allied health sectors.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye Using Cuprous Oxide/
Graphene Nanocomposite
Authors: Melak Fekadu , Bogale Bekan , Asere Tsegaye Girma , Yai Tilahun
Published: May 2022

Aims:

The aim of this study is to evaluate the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue
dye on cuprous oxide/graphene nanocomposite.

Background:

Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticles are among the metal oxides that demonstrated photocatalytic
activity. However, the stability of Cu2O nanoparticles due to the fast recombination rate of
electron/hole pairs remains a significant challenge in their photocatalytic applications. This in turn,
leads to mismatching of the effective bandgap separation, tending to reduce the photocatalytic activity
of the desired organic waste (MB). To overcome these limitations, graphene has been added to make
nanocomposites with cuprous oxides.

Objective:

In this study, Cu2O/graphene nanocomposite was synthesized and evaluated for its photocatalytic
performance of Methylene Blue (MB) dye degradation.

Method:

Cu2O/graphene nanocomposites were synthesized from graphite powder and copper nitrate
using facile sol-gel method. Batch experiments have been conducted to assess the applications of the
nanocomposites for MB degradation. Parameters such as contact time, catalyst dosage, and pH of the
solution were optimized for maximum MB degradation. The prepared nanocomposites were characterized
by using UV-Vis, FTIR, XRD, and SEM. The photocatalytic performance of Cu2O/graphene
nanocomposites was compared against Cu2O nanoparticles for cationic MB dye degradation.

Results:

Cu2O/graphene nanocomposite exhibits higher photocatalytic activity for MB degradation
(with a degradation efficiency of 94%) than pure Cu2O nanoparticle (67%). This has been accomplished
after 180 min of irradiation under visible light. The kinetics of MB degradation by
Cu2O/graphene composites can be demonstrated by the second-order kinetic model. The synthesized
nanocomposite can be used for more than three cycles of phtocatalytic MB degradation.

Conclusion:

This work indicated new insights into Cu2O/graphene nanocomposite as highperformance
in photocatalysis to degrade MB, playing a great role in environmental protection in relation
to MB dye.
Model of Satisfaction of Needs in a Human-Oriented Economy
Authors:   Institute of Education Development of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Nasyrova Svetlana I. ,   Bashkir State University
Published: May 2022

Relevance. Human needs have been the focus of attention of scientists for a long period of time. At the same time, the realization is now coming that the consumption of goods and services leads to overconsumption, which is in no way connected with the objectively necessary human needs. Within the framework of this study, the needs and the possibility of their full satisfaction lie in the «plane» of the economy, the focus of which should be on the person. Accordingly, the task of studying the process of satisfying objectively necessary needs in a human-oriented economy is being actualized. The purpose is to determine the process of interaction between the components of a human-oriented economy in the process of satisfying objectively necessary human needs. Objectives: to form a basic chain of interacting elements in a human-oriented economy in the process of meeting human needs; to determine the levels of satisfaction of human needs; to identify directions for assessing the result of the functioning of a human-oriented economy. Methodology. For the study, the following methods of scientific knowledge were used: content analysis, a universal scheme of interaction. Results. A model has been developed to meet the needs in a human-oriented economy; a universal scheme of interaction of elements in a human-oriented economy has been formed through the process of satisfying human needs as a result of the interaction of human, material, information resources within the framework of the production of goods; three levels of satisfaction of needs are identified: basic, minimum, maximum; the necessity of applying feedback (through subjective and objective assessment) within the framework of the model of satisfying needs in a human-oriented economy is indicated. Conclusions. The obtained results of the study reveal the directions of work in the future: subjective assessment of the degree of satisfaction of the needs of the population through a survey; an objective assessment of the development of key areas of a human-centered economy through the processing of statistical information. The practical value of the work is the results of the study can serve as a basis for the development of a set of measures, management mechanisms aimed at the formation and development of the basic spheres of a human-oriented economy and the economy as a whole.
Trust as a Factor Contributing to Overcoming Cross-Cultural Barriers in International Business
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Ten Yulia P.
Published: May 2022

Relevance. In current business communications, trust is becoming increasingly important for participants in international economic relations due to the need to minimize cross-cultural barriers to coordination and, as a result, to achieve common goals. The purpose is to analyze trust as a socio-cultural factor that contributes to more effective overcoming of cross-cultural barriers in international business. Objectives: to study the concept of trust in the context of a systematic approach; to analyze the interpretation of trust in a universal concrete historical context. Methodology. In the process of working on the study, the analysis of scientific literature on the research problem, the dialectical method, the comparative method, as well as generalization and interpretation techniques were used. Results. The article substantiates the position that in connection with the processes of globalization and internationalization of world economic relations and relations, there is an increasing need to develop generally significant mechanisms to overcome the ethno-local characteristics of trust and to move to the development of a generally significant model of trust. Such a model of trust has a dynamic nature and proceeds from the prerequisites of the need to develop cross-cultural flexibility, cross-cultural sensitivity in the process of forming intercultural competence. Conclusions. the involvement of subjects of international business communications in the overall process of forming a model of trust in the socio-economic sphere by taking into account ethno-cultural, socio-religious and other factors will allow its participants to achieve a higher degree of mutual understanding when making managerial decisions. Further research on the phenomenon of trust should deepen and expand the proposed recommendations on the formation of a model of trust in business communications.
Vital Activity of the People with Disabilities and Pensioneers of the Metropolitan City under Pandemic Conditions
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Pak Tatiana I.
Published: May 2022

Relevance. The article considers the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the livelihoods of people with disabilities and pensioners from a sociological point of view. The subject of the research is a pandemic as a factor of vital activity. The object of the research is the vital activity of the people with disabilities and pensioners in pandemic situation. Social object is the people with disabilities and pensioners of the metropolitan city. The analysis of the structure of the "people with disabilities and pensioners" is given; the scale of mortality among this group in comparison with other age groups, the dependence of the quality and life expectancy of the age-disabled population on the conditions of the urban environment of the metropolitan and the implementation of urban and social programs. The purpose of the study is to study the peculiarities of the perception of the urban environment by the people with disabilities and pensioners under the crisis epidemiological conditions, its influence and the degree of their adaptation to this environment. Objectives: to give theoretical and empirical interpretation of the category of "the people with disabilities and pensioners", which differs from usual definition of this category by other authors; to analyze the scale of mortality of "the people with disabilities and pensioners" under coronavirus epidemic conditions; to determine the interdependence of mortality and adaptive behavior of this category of people; to characterize the socio-demographic portrait of Vitostrata of "the people with disabilities and pensioners". Methodology. The study was carried out on the basis of a sociological approach using private sociological theories: sociology of the city, sociology of labor, the theory of social change (P. Štompka), as well as the principles of social demography [1]. Results. To solve the set of research tasks, the author studied the negative and positive factors affecting the life of “the people with disabilities and pensioners” in the pre-pandemic period. Conclusions. The author presents a new interpretation of the category of “the people with disabilities and pensioners” and gives its socio-demographic portrait; analyzed the scale of mortality of this category of people in a pandemic; determined the interdependence of mortality and adaptive behavior of “the people with disabilities and pensioners”.
Упорядочение кристалла дефектами структуры
Authors: Магомедов М.Н.
Published: May 2022

Based on calculations of activation process parameters for gold, it is shown that if the energy required to create a defect (vacancy or diffusing atom) is less than a certain value (hi < hsi), or the resulting defect has a volume less than a certain value (vi < vsi), then this defect has negative entropy, i.e. this defect orders the crystal. The changes in the functions of hsi, and vsi with increasing pressure has been studied.
Mask Use to Curtail Influenza in a Post–COVID-19 World: Modeling Study
Authors: Froese Henri , A Prempeh Angel G
Published: May 2022

Background

Face mask mandates have been instrumental in the reduction of transmission of airborne COVID-19. Thus, the question arises whether comparatively mild measures should be kept in place after the pandemic to reduce other airborne diseases such as influenza.

Objective

In this study, we aim to simulate the quantitative impact of face masks on the rate of influenza illnesses in the United States.

Methods

Using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data from 2010 to 2019, we used a series of differential equations to simulate past influenza seasons, assuming that people wore face masks. This was achieved by introducing a variable to account for the efficacy and prevalence of masks and then analyzing its impact on influenza transmission rate in a susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered model fit to the actual past seasons. We then compared influenza rates in this hypothetical scenario with the actual rates over the seasons.

Results

Our results show that several combinations of mask efficacy and prevalence can substantially reduce the burden of seasonal influenza. Across all the years modeled, a mask prevalence of 0.2 (20%) and assumed moderate inward and outward mask efficacy of 0.45 (45%) reduced influenza infections by >90%.

Conclusions

A minority of individuals wearing masks substantially reduced the number of influenza infections across seasons. Considering the efficacy rates of masks and the relatively insignificant monetary cost, we highlight that it may be a viable alternative or complement to influenza vaccinations.
An Examination of Patients and Caregivers on Reddit Navigating Brain Cancer: Content Analysis of the Brain Tumor Subreddit
Authors: Tripathi Sanidhya D , Parker Pearman D , Prabhu Arpan V , Thomas Kevin , Rodriguez Analiz
Published: May 2022

Background

Occurring in up to 40% of all patients with cancer, the incidence of brain tumors has caused limited survival, a high psychosocial burden, and an increase in the loss of decision-making capability for the unique population. Although specific symptoms depend on the type of brain tumor, a clinical team of physicians, nurses, and other individuals commonly assist patients and their caregivers with how to tackle the upcoming challenges of their diagnosis. Despite the support from clinical team members, many patients and caregivers may still seek outside support through social media to process their emotions and seek comfort outside of the clinical setting. Specifically, online resources such as Reddit are used where users are provided with the anonymity they need to show their true behavior without fear of judgment. In this study, we aimed to examine trends from Reddit discussion threads on brain tumors to identify areas of need in patient care.

Objective

Our primary aims were to determine the type of Reddit user posting, classify the specific brain tumors that were the subject of the posts, and examine the content of the original posts.

Methods

We used a qualitative descriptive design to understand patients’ and caregivers’ unmet and met needs. We selected posts from the top-rated 100 posts from the r/braincancer subreddit from February 2017 to June 2020 to identify common themes using content analysis.

Results

The qualitative content analysis revealed how Reddit users primarily used the forum as a method to understand and process the emotions surrounding a brain tumor diagnosis. Three major topic areas from content analysis emerged as prominent themes, including (1) harnessing hope, (2) moving through the grief process, and (3) expressing gratitude toward other Reddit users. Most of the authors of the posts were patients with brain tumors (32/88, 36%) who used Reddit as a reflective journaling tool to process the associated emotions of a challenging diagnosis.

Conclusions

This study shows the potential of Reddit to serve as a unique group therapy platform for patients affected by brain tumors. Our results highlight the support provided by the Reddit community members as a unique mechanism to assist cancer survivors and caregivers with the emotional processing of living with brain tumors. Additionally, the results highlight the importance of recommending Reddit as a therapeutic virtual community and the need for implementing online resources as a part of a health care professional’s repertoire to understand the level of support they can give their patients.
Bronchopulmonary Penetration of Isavuconazole in Pulmonary Transplant Recipients (PBISA01): Protocol for a Phase IV Clinical Trial With a Single Treatment Arm
Authors: Darnaude-Ximénez Ignacio , Caballero-Bermejo Antonio F , Ruiz-Antorán Belén , Aguilar-Pérez Myriam , Gómez-López Alicia , Sancho-López Aranzazu , García-Fadul Cristian , Diago-Sempere Elena , Valle Falcones Manuel , Ussetti-Gil Piedad , Avendaño-Solá Cristina ,   PBISA01-Study Group
Published: May 2022

Background

Aspergillosis is the most frequently observed invasive fungal disease (IFD) in lung transplant recipients. Isavuconazole (ISA) has shown a better safety profile and noninferiority to voriconazole in the treatment of patients with IFD.

Objective

The aim of this study is to describe the bronchopulmonary pharmacokinetic profile of oral ISA by analyzing the degree of penetration in the epithelial lining fluid and alveolar macrophages in patients receiving lung transplantation with a diagnosis of IFD.

Methods

A total of 12 patients aged ≥18 years receiving a lung transplant with an IFD diagnosis and indication for ISA treatment and follow-up bronchoscopy will be included in the study. After 5 days of treatment with ISA and before the treatment is discontinued, the patients will be randomized (1:1:1:1) to perform the scheduled bronchoscopy at various times after the administration of ISA (2, 4, 8, and 12 hours). In total, 4 blood samples will be obtained per patient: at 72 hours after treatment initiation, on the day of the bronchoscopy, at the time of the bronchoalveolar lavage (simultaneously), and at 7 days after treatment initiation, to analyze tacrolimus and ISA plasma levels. ISA concentrations will be measured in plasma, epithelial lining fluid, and alveolar macrophages by a high-performance liquid chromatography/UV coupled to fluorescence method.

Results

Enrollment for the PBISA01 trial began in October 2020 and was completed in October 2021. All samples will be analyzed once recruitment is complete, and the results are expected to be published in October 2022.

Conclusions

There are no clinical studies that analyze the bronchopulmonary penetration of ISA. Bronchoalveolar lavage performed routinely in the follow-up of lung transplant recipients constitutes an opportunity to analyze the bronchopulmonary penetration of ISA.

Trial Registration

European Clinical Trials Register 2019-004240-30; www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2019-004240-30/ES

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/37275
Patient Activeness During Online Medical Consultation in China: Multilevel Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Cao Bolin , Huang Wensen , Chao Naipeng , Yang Guang , Luo Ningzheng
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Online medical consultation is an important complementary approach to offline health care services. It not only increases patients’ accessibility to medical care, but also encourages patients to actively participate in consultation, which can result in higher shared decision making, patient satisfaction, and treatment adherence.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to explore multilevel factors that influence patient activeness in online medical consultations.

METHODS

A data set comprising 40,505 patients from 300 physicians in 10 specialties was included for multilevel analysis. Patient activeness score (PAS) was calculated based on the frequency and the proportion of patient discourses to the total frequency of doctor-patient interactions. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated to identify between-group variations, and the final multilevel regression model included patient- and physician-level factors.

RESULTS

Patients were not equally active in online medical consultations, with PASs varying from 0 to 125.73. Patient characteristics, consultation behavioral attributes, and physician professional characteristics constitute 3 dimensions that are associated with patient activeness. Specifically, young and female patients participated more actively. Patients’ waiting times online (β=–.17; P<.001) for physician responses were negatively correlated with activeness, whereas patients’ initiation of conversation (β=.83; P<.001) and patient consultation cost (β=.52; P<.001) in online medical consultation were positively correlated. Physicians’ online consultation volumes (β=–.10; P=.01) were negatively associated with patient activeness, whereas physician online consultation fee (β=.03; P=.01) was positively associated. The interaction effects between patient- and physician-level factors were also identified.

CONCLUSIONS

Patient activeness in online medical consultation requires more scholarly attention. Patient activeness is likely to be enhanced by reducing patients’ waiting times and encouraging patients’ initiation of conversation in online medical consultation. The findings have practical implications for patient-centered care and the improvement of online medical consultation services.
Tres niveles de análisis en la Sierra-Costa Michoacana: Insumos para el ordenamiento ecológico
Authors: Rivas Solórzano Hilda , Troche Souza Carlos , Acosta Villegas Alejandra , Medina García Consuelo , Larrazábal de la Vía Alejandra Patricia , Toledo Ocampo Alejandro , Aguirre López Rocío , Cuevas Gabriela , Hernández Santana José Ramón , Velásquez Montes Alejandro
Published: May 2022

El presente libro, en su abordaje sobre tres niveles de análisis en la región de la Sierra-Costa Michoacana, como insumos para el ordenamiento ecológico, se gradúa como una obra bien lograda sobre la investigación científica del medio ambiente, permeándose como plataforma básica para la planeación y ocupación socioeconómica de dicha región, considerada como una de las más conflictivas de ese estado. Es una obra dirigida a estudiantes de pre y posgrado relacionados con las ciencias ambientales, a especialistas de las ciencias naturales, a miembros de organizaciones civiles comprometidas con el medio ambiente y a funcionarios de los tres niveles de gobierno, todos responsabilizados con el manejo, la conservación y el uso sustentable de los recursos naturales
Possible Acquisition of ESBL-mediated Antimicrobial Resistance by Farmers from Aquatic Reservoir used for Bathing and Cleaning of Water Buffalos (Bubalus bubalis) with Intestinal Carriage of ESBL Producing Escherichia coli
Authors: Devi Leimapokpam Sumitra , Chattopadhya Debasish
Published: May 2022

Little information is available on the risk of human subjects for acquisition of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) from aquatic environment other than those treated with antimicrobials for aquaculture. Carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase categories of AMR by enteric bacteria in livestock have been frequently reported. Dissemination of these categories of AMR to the environment thus poses a threat for their transmission to farmers engaged in livestock care posing a severe public health hazard. A study on the prevalence of ESBL- and carbapenemase-mediated AMR among Escherichia coli isolated from earth pond environment used for bathing and cleaning of buffalos (Bubalus bubalis) and from human subjects engaged in such activity revealed isolation rate of ESBL positivity to be higher in human subjects engaged in washing and bathing of buffalos (37.5%) compared to those without engagement in such activities (20.7%) with CTX-M type ESBL, a group of class A ESBL, as the predominant molecular type (97.4%). While no carbapenemase positivity could be detected among E. coli isolated from pond environment or buffalos, small percentage of carbapenemase could be detected among the E. coli isolated from human subjects although the risk was not higher than those not associated with bathing and cleaning of buffalos. Bathing and cleaning of buffalos could potentially facilitate transmission of ESBL resistance from livestock to human subjects in pond environment.
A Review on the Potential Species of the Zingiberaceae Family with Anti-viral Efficacy Towards Enveloped Viruses
Authors: Balaji APB , Bhuvaneswari Srinivasan , Raj Leon Stephan , Bupesh Giridharan , Meenakshisundaram Kishore Kumar , Saravanan Konda Mani
Published: May 2022

Natural products are a great wellspring of biodiversity for finding novel antivirals, exposing new interactions between structure and operation and creating successful defensive or remedial methodologies against viral diseases. The members of Zingiberaceae traditional plant and herbal products have robust anti-viral action, and their findings will further lead to the production of derivatives and therapeutic. Additionally, it highlights the insight of utilizing these phytoextracts or their constituent compounds as an emergency prophylactic medicine during the pandemic or endemic situations for novel viruses. In this connection, this review investigates the potential candidates of the Zingiberaceae family, consisting of bioactive phytocompounds with proven antiviral efficacy against enveloped viruses. The present study was based on published antiviral efficacy of Curcuma longa, Zingiber officinale, Kaempferia parviflora, Aframomum melegueta Elettaria cardamomum, Alpina Sps (belongs to the Zingiberaceae family) towards the enveloped viruses. The relevant data was searched in Scopus”, “Scifinder”, “Springer”, “Pubmed”, “Google scholar” “Wiley”, “Web of Science”, “Cochrane “Library”, “Embase”, Dissertations, theses, books, and technical reports. Meticulously articles were screened with the subject relevancy and categorized for their ethnopharmacological significance with in-depth analysis. We have comprehensively elucidated the antiviral potency of phytoextracts, major composition, key compounds, mode of action, molecular evidence, immunological relevance, and potential bioactive phytocompounds of these five species belonging to the Zingiberaceae family. Conveniently, these phytoextracts exhibited multimode activity in combating the dreadful enveloped viruses.