bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decision Classification Enhances Case-Based Reasoning
Authors: Woehrle Stephen L.
Published: March 2016

In order to arrive at a meaningful and useful classification of decisions, a sufficiently descriptive framework for classification should be created. The use of the traditional programmed-nonprogrammed dichotomy is acceptable, but decisions themselves cannot always be treated as a single either/or entity. Decision-making is a process involving distinct and separable steps. A programmed-nonprogrammed classification scheme will be applied to a variety of different types of decisions. Using Case-based Reasoning (CBR) various decision scenarios with their corresponding classifications can be stored. The resulting database is a growing and evolving body of experience and knowledge to be used for future decision-making.
An Agency Problem Analysis Of United States Vs. Microsoft
Authors: Stephens Steven Scott
Published: March 2016

The Justice Department's antitrust case against Microsoft Corporation has generated considerable interest and passionate opinions, but in general is not well understood. This paper explains the legal basis and proceedings of the case in language accessible to the business community. At this writing, the appeals court has affirmed the trial court's conclusion that Microsoft violated the law in several respects, but has reversed the breakup remedy prescribed by the trial judge. Accordingly, this article examines, as a practical matter divorced from legal technicalities, whether there should be any further action taken at all, and if so, what the remedy should be. Interpreting the illegal conduct as symptoms of an agency problem leads to the conclusion that individual- based, rather than corporate- based, remedies would be more reasonable.
Competing In The Global Environment: What Does Business Want From Economics
Authors: Burns Michael E.
Published: March 2016

Despite globalization and the associated increased need for understanding of the real and financial processes at work in the global economy, since the 1950s there has been an ongoing significant and worldwide fall in the number and quality of undergraduates studying for an economics degree. Surprisingly, responses by the economics profession have included very little serious consideration of the factors underlying the actual and potential demand by business for their product. This paper explores and identifies the fundamental characteristics of the real world environment in which business activity takes place and which shape the kinds of decisions that are important to business. It is seen that the content and presentation of current economics curricula bear little relation to this environment even though economic analysis and insight have significant potential to make international business decision-making more profitable. Directions for the development of business economics curricula are suggested.
Voting And Lottery Technologies: A Potential Jackpot? An Economic Analysis
Authors: Kula Maria Cornachione
Published: March 2016

Voting irregularities and recount mechanisms used in Florida during the 2000 U.S. Presidential election have brought calls for re-vamped voting technologies and procedures. Many in both the public and private sectors have focused on the Internet as a possible underlying technology that could provide the ease, accuracy, and reliability a twenty-first century voting system should possess. Apart from the difficulties inherent in building an Internet based system from scratch, this solution ignores existing, proven technology, already in use by a majority of states, which could be adapted to provide a cost effective voting system with many desirable characteristics. The technology: computerized, on-line lottery systems. Inherently, these lotteries are transaction processing systems, which is what a voting system, at its base, is. Lottery systems are state based, handle vast quantities of transactions reliably, operate under an extremely high level of scrutiny, and are familiar to millions of Americans. This paper examines a lottery technology based voting system from several perspectives and develops an economic welfare analysis of a lottery technology based voting system.
Suggested Strategies For Effective Implementation Of Strategic Leadership Practices In This Globalization Era
Authors: Hagen Abdalla , Vaicys Rey , Hassan Morsheda
Published: March 2016

This study briefly explored the concepts of global economy and the new competitive landscape. The study also summarized strategic leadership practices that help firms to achieve and maintain competitiveness. Critical issues facing top management in the 21st century are also touched on. Finally the study examined the perceptions of CEOs toward suggested strategies (growth orientation, knowledge management, mobilization of human capital, developing an effective organizational culture, and remaining future focused) for CEOs and their top management teams to effectively implement strategic leadership practices. The results of this study indicate that a majority of the CEOs of multinational corporations who were surveyed agreed that the recommended strategies will help in the effective implementation of strategic leadership practices.
Insurance On The Internet: A Different View
Authors: Theil Michael
Published: March 2016

We explain the apparent failure to sell insurance over the Internet by drawing on the process of simplification. That is, people tend to use a reduced set of a given decision problem in order to decrease cognitive load. In the context of insurance, this process is shown to result in underestimation of risk, and consequently in low amounts of insurance sold. The solution to this problem lies in making loss information mentally available, for which the multimedia capabilities of the Internet may prove useful.
A Frame Analysis Approach To Cross-Cultural Television Advertising
Authors: Murray Noel M.
Published: March 2016

The role of visuals in advertising research is examined. An argument is developed to support a theory of frame analysis for cross-cultural television advertising. Frame analysis is explained and commercials from Japan and the Dominican Republic are used to illustrate application of the theory. It is hoped that frame analysis will supplement content analysis as a methodological approach to cross-cultural television advertising.
Founders Versus Descendants: Evidence Of The Taiwanese Publicly Traded Firms
Authors: Her M. Monica , Williams Thomas G. E.
Published: March 2016

This study investigates the performance of founder-controlled firms vis--vis firms controlled by founders descendants and relatives among Taiwanese publicly traded firms. After adjusting for size, age, growth potential, financial leverage, and industry effects, we find that the Taiwanese descendant-controlled firms underperform the matching founder-controlled firms. In searching for the potential reasons, we find that the average board size for the descendant-controlled firms is significantly larger than that of the founder-controlled firms. In addition, the ratios of family-related supervisors and board members of the descendant-controlled firms are significantly higher than those of the matching founder-controlled firms. While the significantly larger board size suggests a potential power struggle between the controlling family and the non-family related board members, the stronger family domination in the board of directors and supervisors for the descendant-controlled firms provides room for entrenchment and tunneling. In light of the absence of large outside blockholders and relatively weaker legal protections, the minority shareholders of Taiwanese firms are dependent upon internal monitoring mechanisms to protect them from the expropriation of the controlling families. However, our results indicate that family control has undermined the internal monitoring mechanism of the Taiwanese descendant-controlled firms.
Transhemispheric Disparities In The General Knowledge Of Business Majors: By Major Population Segments
Authors: Scott Richard , Scott Judith , Pence Norm
Published: March 2016

A 100-question general knowledge test was constructed and administered to 284 senior business administration majors in the USA and South Africa. The test consisted of two major components, Liberal Arts and Business Administration. Within Liberal Arts, five subcomponents were tested: current affairs, history, geography, literature/fine arts and mathematics/science. Similarly, in Business Administration five subcomponents were tested: accounting, economics, finance, management and marketing. Along with demographic information, means of individual test scores were calculated and the data set was further cross-tabulated in order to test for statistical significance. The researchers address a topic that few would tackle in todays climate of hypersensitivity to suggestions of disparities that may exist among major population segments, even if the differences are in general knowledge, not ability. The study details findings in Liberal Arts and Business Administration and contrasts the results.
Antecedents And Consequences Of Foreign Direct Investment And International Procurement Through A General Strategic Management Lens
Authors: Taylor Virginia Anne
Published: March 2016

Since multiple perspectives and dynamic national environments can be applied to explain how value is created in an international context, multinational firms need analytical guidelines when facing procurement and production decisions concerning various worldwide locations for value-added chain activities such as marketing, production, distribution, and after sales service. The ultimate aim of this research was to abstract and empirically test a realistic but fairly simple localization framework to facilitate the design of an information system that supports a cost-benefit analysis based on legal requirements, value chain activities, and product costs. A balance was sought between inclusiveness and minimalism in the development of a normative model for implementation of dynamic strategic planning and control programs. The data show the participants behavior is significantly influenced by all three elements supporting the value-added localization model and validating the holistic approach put forth by Lecraw & Morrison (1991).
Statistical Validation of Exit Examination Results
Authors: Spradley Larry W. , Spradley Brenda D.
Published: March 2016

In an effort to validate teaching effectiveness within the College of Business at Lamar University a standardized achievement test, the Business Major Field Test, offered by the Educational Testing Service of Princeton, NJ, was administered to a relatively large sample (69) of the class of graduating seniors in the spring semester of 2001. The overall results placed the average of Lamars graduating business majors at approximately the 70th percentile among the institutions taking the exam. Considering the popularly held opinion that the entering freshman class at Lamar ranks closer to the 40th percentile of those taking the SAT, these results seemed almost too good to be true. This study is designed to describe our testing methods, validate or invalidate this value-added result, and discuss our future plans.
Violating Displaced Persons Human Rights And Impairing The Quality Of Human Resources
Authors: Forster Bruce A. , Forster Kelli E.
Published: March 2016

Each year wars force several millions of people to leave their homes to join the ranks of displaced persons (DPs). Displaced women and children are particularly vulnerable to risks of physical abuses. The loss in current and future human resource quality caused by abuses suffered by DPs is an extreme version of the well-known brain drain phenomenon. The paper considers the psychological damage inflicted upon DPs, the possible effects of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and the consequent damage to human resource quality.
The Most Appropriate Sustainable Growth Rate Model For Managers And Researchers
Authors: Fonseka M. M. , García Ramos Constantino , Tian Gao-liang
Published: March 2016

The objectives of this paper are to analyze whether there is a significant difference among widely used Higgins model and Van Horne model and whether these two competing sustainable growth rate models (SGR) estimate divergences in ways that are systematically related to variations in common financial characteristics. We find that Higgins SGR when used as continuous and dichotomous variables is more affected by variations in financial characteristics than Van Hornes model. This study confirms that Higgins and Van Hornes models are qualitatively and approximately the same in relation to most common financial characteristics of a firm. However, if the Higgins model is used to compute SGR, it would give higher SGR for more profitable firms than Van Hornes. A firm with higher leverage is given higher SGR in Van Hornes than Higgins. Variations of liquidity, debt maturity and financial distress are trivial in economic sense. Finally, we find that the both Higgins and Van Hornes models result in approximately same (less than 4%) loss in sample size and not induce more sample-selection bias. We suggest that Higgins and Van Hornes models are equally preferable from both the managers and researchers point of view.
The Triple Bottom Line: The Reporting Of Doing Well & Doing Good
Authors: Sherman W. Richard
Published: March 2016

Organizations struggle to tell their stories, to communicate the good - and sometimes the bad - they do in the marketplace, in the community, to and for the environment, and in society. Quite clearly, the challenge of telling the companys story is not being met by current corporate reporting practices. In particular, criticism has been directed at the failure of annual reports or other regulatory filings to tell anything about a company's environmental and social performance. Triple bottom-line (TBL) reporting, a term coined by John Elkington in his 1997 book Cannibals with Forks: the Triple Bottom Line of 21st Century Business, aims to remedy this shortcoming by explicitly considering not only the economic performance of a firm but also the companys environmental and social performance as well. This article gives an overview of the TBL concept and how it is changing the way in which corporations tell their story.
The Sarbanes Oxley Acts Contribution To Curtailing Corporate Bribery
Authors: Cascini Karen T. , DelFavero Alan , Mililli Mario
Published: March 2016

In the wake of corporate scandals occurring in the early 2000s, a need for stricter regulation was deemed necessary by the investors of U.S. public companies. In 2002, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SoX) was created. Accordingly, under the rules of SoX, U.S. corporations were faced with increased oversight and also needed to substantially improve their internal controls. As companies began to scrutinize their internal affairs more closely, some businesses detected other forms of criminal activity occurring internally, such as bribery. Those companies and individuals found to have committed bribery have violated the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 (FCPA). Throughout this paper, a plausible correlation between SoX and a recent increase in reported violations of the FCPA will be assessed. This possibility is evaluated via a presentation of cases involving multinational corporations that have been found to have violated the FCPA. Based on the authors research, a pattern does exist between SoX and the enforcement of the FCPA. Finally, suggestions to modify the punishment for companies found guilty of committing bribery are also presented.
Dont Invade My Personal Space: Facebooks Advertising Dilemma
Authors: Beauchamp Michelle Bednarz
Published: March 2016

For many companies, advertising on Facebook seems like the right decision. But with decreasing click-through rates and negative consumer perceptions of Facebook advertising, some major corporations are rethinking their social media strategy. The purpose of this paper is to examine role theory, boundary theory, and role segmentation/integration as possible explanations to the negative consumer perceptions surrounding Facebook advertising. Theory suggests that Facebook users expend effort creating and maintaining boundaries around consumer and social roles. By targeting consumers in a social domain, companies advertising on Facebook may actually be exacerbating the problem.
Managers Motivational Antecedents To Support Activity-Based Costing Systems
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed E. , Saheem Washika H.
Published: March 2016

The past three decades have witnessed a growing trend in using activity-based costing systems. Management and accounting research have identified management support as one of the focal points for successful implementation of such systems. However, little research has been done to study managers motivational antecedents to support activity-based costing systems in the Middle East as well as in the Asian countries. It is expected that the level of support differs from one culture to another. This paper addresses this issue in an experimental setting where 129 managers from two different cultures were asked to respond to judgmental decisions to support activity-based costing systems. Two models of the expectancy theory (the force model and the valence model) were used to measure the motivational support for activity-based costing systems. The authors hypothesized that these models provide better explanations than a chance model. The results of the regression analyses support the research hypotheses. However, the force model had a higher explanatory power than the valence model.
Exchange Rate Adjustment And Output In SouthEast Asia
Authors: Upadhyaya Kamal P. , Rainish Robert , Kaushik Neetu , Bhandari Rabindra N.
Published: March 2016

This paper studies the effect of currencydevaluation on aggregate output level in South- East Asian countries usingpanel data from Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines for a periodfrom 1980 to 2010. An empirical modelthat includes monetary, fiscal and exchange rate variables is developed. Two versions of the model, one with realexchange rate and another with nominal exchange rate and foreign-to-domesticprice ratio are estimated. An errorcorrection model is developed and the time series properties of the panel dataare diagnosed before estimating the model.The estimated results suggest that currency devaluations are contractionaryin the short run and the intermediate run and this contractionary effect comesfrom the change in nominal exchange rate and not from the change in foreign-to-domesticprice ratio.
Organizational Leadership And Subordinate Effect In Utahs Certified Public Accounting Profession
Authors: Barnes Jeffrey N. , Christensen David S. , Stillman Tyler
Published: March 2016

Using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (Bass and Avolio 2004), we test the correlation of transformational, transactional, and passive-avoidant leadership styles to subordinate perceptions of workplace efficiency, effectiveness, and satisfaction. Results, from a convenience sample of 103 accounting professionals in 11 CPA firms in Utah, show that transformational leadership has the largest positive correlation. Transactional leadership is less positively correlated. The passive-avoidant style is negatively correlated. Recommendations for implementing transformational leadership are provided.
Australias Integration Into The ASEAN-5 Region
Authors: Guesmi Khaled , Teulon Frederic , Lahiani Amine
Published: March 2016

This paper attempts to evaluate the time-varying integration of Australian stock market in ASEAN-5 region (ASEAN + Australia, Korea, China, India and Japan) by using a conditional version of the international capital asset pricing model (ICAPM) allowing for dynamic changes in the degree of market integration, regional market risk price, currency risk price and domestic market risk price. Main findings are as follows: i) the prices of risk in Australia are extremely sensitive to major international economic and political events such as the different monetary and financial crises in international financial market; ii) the level of market openness and development of the stock market satisfactorily explain the time-varying degree of Australian stock integration.
Diluted Earnings Per Share Overstatement Bias: Including Unrecognized Employee Compensation In Proceeds From Assumed Exercise Of Employee Stock Options Under The Treasury Stock Method
Authors: Doran David T.
Published: March 2016

Generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) require firms to recognize compensation expense under the fair value method in the case of employee stock options. Straight line amortization of the options grant date fair value must be recognized as expense over the service period which decreases the earnings per share numerator. For diluted earnings per share (EPS), GAAP requires using the treasury stock method, where proceeds from assumed stock option exercise is used to purchase treasury shares at the average for the period price. Exercise proceeds include the exercise price plus unrecognized future employee compensation. For profitable firms, exercise is assumed if dilutive - more shares are assumed issued than are reacquired for the treasury which increases the diluted EPS denominator. These requirements are consistent across US GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards. This paper tests whether including unrecognized employee compensation in proceeds from the assumed exercise of employee stock options under the treasury stock method is appropriate. A simple multi period model that assumes a risk free environment with complete certainty is applied. This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating that future unrecognized employee compensation should not be included in proceeds from the assumed exercise of stock options under the treasury stock method. Doing so consistently causes diluted EPS overstatement, and in certain instances causes assumed exercise of in the money options to be antidilutive, which results in complete exclusion from the diluted EPS calculation. This research extends the employee stock option work of Doran (2005 and 2008) that found: 1) Compensation expense recognized over the employee service period should equal the periodic annuity amount that provides the options grant date fair value, and 2) Treasury shares should be assumed purchased at the higher end of period stock price.
Determinants Of Foreign Direct Investments In The South Asian Association For Regional Cooperation
Authors: Teulon Frederic , Guesmi Khaled
Published: March 2016

This paper aims to investigate the relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows and their determinants in six major countries in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) over the period 1998 to 2010. Using panel data techniques, we account for the possible presence of both economic dependencies and structural breaks. The findings show that there are common variables of economic significance among the examined countries. Macro determinants, such as openness, growth rate, exchange rate, and economic instability, have a long-run impact on FDI inflows in the panel. The results are submitted to a battery of tests, including panel unit root and panel co-integration tests.
A Lazy Investors Guide To Outperforming The Market
Authors: Reichenstein William R. , Jeske Larry , Schwiesow Mark H.
Published: March 2016

Empirical studies from the 1960s and 1970s produced considerable evidence that the stock market is highly efficient in the sense that stock prices fully reflect publicly-available information. Investment strategies that are based on such information cannot outperform the market on a risk-adjusted basis. Several recent studies summarize a growing list of empirical evidence that the stock market may not be as efficient as we once believed. Three widely acclaimed areas of apparent inefficiency that predate the test period in this study include the low P/E effect, the small firm effect, and the incomplete incorporation of information in Value Line Timeliness rankings.The intent of this paper is to encourage tests of the viability of simple investment strategies designed for small investors that utilize some combination of these inefficiencies.
Changes In The Bargaining Power Of Chinese Migrant Workers And The Factors Enhancing Laborers Power
Authors: Ping Han , Mujtaba Bahaudin G. , Xue Chen
Published: March 2016

The shortage of migrant workers phenomenon is not only a reflection of the changing concept of occupation for Chinese migrant workers, but it also increases job opportunities for such workers. Migrant workers fight for higher wages through strikes and collective negotiations. These changes reflect the enhancement of the bargaining power of Chinese migrant workers.This paper explores the factors that enhance Chinese migrant workers bargaining power, uses a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation based on the analytic hierarchy process to assess the effect of various factors, and analyzes the positive and negative effects of enhancing the bargaining power. Finally, this paper predicts changes in the bargaining power of Chinese migrant workers and provides corresponding recommendations to protect their advantages.
Does The Financing Decision Help To Understand Market Reaction Around Mergers And Acquisitions?
Authors: Bouzgarrou Houssam , Louhichi Wael
Published: March 2016

Few studies distinguish between the method of payment and the means of financing in mergers and acquisitions. This paper aims to test if the financing means has incremental information beyond that contained in the payment means. To answer this question, we consider a sample of 265 deals undertaken by French listed acquires between January 1997 and December 2008. We decompose our sample according to the method of payment (cash, stock or mixed payment). The difference of means test shows that the impact of the three methods of payment is not statistically significant. In order to take the analysis further, we then broke our sample down according to both the method of payment and the means of financing (debt, equity or internal funds). The difference of means test, the event study methodology and OLS regressions reveal that takeovers financed by debt outperform those financed by other means of financing. These findings confirm the monitoring role of debt and support the pecking order preferences. Finally, our OLS regressions highlight that market reaction depends also on legal environment (common law vs. non common law) on acquisition characteristics such as deal size and on acquirer specific factors such as size and growth opportunities.
Does Underwriter Reputation Promote Fair Pricing Behavior In The IPO Process? Evidence From ChiNext-Listed Firms
Authors: Wu Zuguang , Wan Difang
Published: March 2016

Motivated by the observation of three long-existing phenomena in the ChiNext market which are high issuing prices, high price-earnings ratios, and strikingly high capital raised in IPOs this study empirically examines whether underwriters reflect fair attitudes toward, and treatment of, different stakeholders through accurate pricing and whether the attitude varies with different underwriter reputations. We do this by investigating whether the extent of underpricing is significantly reduced by underwriter reputation. We find that the role of underwriter reputation as a mechanism of disciplining opportunistic behavior and as a third-party certification is muted. Although underwriter reputation is still highly correlated with offering price, underwriter reputation doesnt lower underpricing effectively. Underwriters simply take advantage of their reputation for their selfish interests, which unethically damages stock investment returns, especially for the small and middle shareholders. We conclude that underwriters do not exhibit good business ethics to promote fair pricing in ChiNext IPOs.
Ownership Structure And Managerial Behavior To Beat Market Expectation In Korea
Authors: Paik Hyewon , Koh YunSung
Published: March 2016

This paper examines whether firms ownership structure in Korea changes managers' behavior to meet or beat market expectations. We examine whether managers manage earnings upward and/or guide analyst expectations downward to avoid negative earnings surprises. By using companies listed on the Korean Stock Exchange, we find that the inclusion of a higher proportion of foreign ownership significantly increases the probability to meet or beat market expectations. The finding suggests that the firms with higher foreign ownership try to satisfy their foreign investors who emphasize current profits by boosting the stock price. We also find that managers are less likely to avoid negative earnings surprises as large shareholders ownership increases. The results imply that large shareholders play an internal monitoring role for managers' earnings and/or expectations management. In addition, firms with large shareholders ownership rely less on income-increasing discretionary accruals. Our findings supports the convergence-of-interest hypothesis that as the controlling shareholders ownership level increases, the interest of the controlling shareholder decreases managers opportunistic behavior to manage earnings.
Exploring Shopper Marketing Approach Implications On Brand Communication At The Point-Of-Purchase: An Experts Opinion Qualitative Study
Authors: Silveira Paulo Duarte , Marreiros Cristina Galamba
Published: March 2016

Shopper marketing is a recent approach to marketing. Since shopper marketing is in the early stages of development, it is also an emerging research field and, consequently, questions and challenges to this approach are emerging across all the marketing-mix variables. This paper addresses the implications of adopting a shopper marketing view on the communication variable. Specifically, the purpose of the research is to study the implications of the shopper marketing approach on brand management, focusing on communication strategies and actions at the point-of-purchase. In order to address that goal, an experts opinion qualitative study was conducted, gathering primary data from thirteen shopper marketing experts, using a two-stage sampling judgmental and snowball techniques. The results are consistent with the literature review and complement it, providing explanations and adding elements that might help towards a more effective marketing communications management, particularly at the point-of-purchase.
Socially Responsible Investments: An International Empirical Study Of Time-Varying Risk Premiums
Authors: Ben Ameur Hachmi , Senanedsch Jerome W.
Published: March 2016

This paper empirically analyses the performance of Socially Responsible Investments (SRI) by applying an asymmetric BEKK GARCH model which estimates conditional systematic risk and varying risk premiums. We evaluate the performance of SRI from an international perspective, comparing sustainable indexes with conventional indexes, and we apply our model to three regions: the USA, Europe, and Asia Pacific. We respectively compare the Dow Jones Sustainability United States Index, the Dow Jones Sustainability Europe Index, and the Dow Jones Sustainability Asia/Pacific Index with conventional indexes, namely the Dow Jones Industrial Average, the Dow Jones Europe Index, and the Dow Jones Asia/Pacific Index. Our model estimations are based on weekly data from January 2004 to November 2013. Our results show that sustainable indexes exhibit lower risk premiums than conventional ones. However each of the three regions studied has its own specificity in terms of investor behavior toward SRI, including the impact of the subprime mortgage crisis.
Sudden Changes In Volatility In European Stock Markets
Authors: Guesmi Khaled , Teulon Frederic , Ftiti Zied
Published: March 2016

This paper studiesthe volatility in ten Europeanstock markets (Denmark, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherland, Spain, Sweden,Switzerland and United Kingdom) during the periods of financial crisis (East Asian currency crisis, Subprime crisis) from 1990 to 2012. We apply Markov Regime Switching SW-GARCHmodel. Our results show that mostof the European stock markets are closely interlinked to the U.S.
I Am Torn Between The Two A Hybrid Process Perspective Of Buyer-Supplier Relationships
Authors: Fenneteau Herve , Pache Gilles
Published: March 2016

It is common, nowadays, to read in academic studies that inter-organisational exchanges are dominated by a relational way of thinking rather than a transactional one. The increasing performance of supply chains results only from long term partnerships concluded between supply chain members, and founded on their durable engagement in order to develop and consolidate the relationship. The aim, here, is to show, on the contrary, that transactional elements are not incompatible with the relational way of thinking; they could even strengthen the partnership between supply chain members under certain conditions. The case of logistics industry is used to argue the pertinence of a hybridisation model, and not an opposition, between transactional and relational ways of thinking.
Investor Following and Volatility: A GARCH Approach
Authors: Aouadi Amal , Arouri Mohamed , Teulon Frederic
Published: March 2016

n this paper, we aim to investigate whether investor following is a determinant of the stock market volatility. To measure investor following, we use Google Insights for search freshly introduced to the financial literature. The latter records the online search traffic for any keyword submitted to Google since 2004. Thanks to an extensive database, we focus precisely on the French stock market unlike previous works, which have focused largely on the US stock market. Notably, our findings support strong significant effects of investor following as measured by online search behavior on the conditional volatility estimated from GARCH (1,1) Market model. Our results are robust to additional tests.
On The Impact Of Family Versus Institutional Blockholders On Dividend Policy
Authors: Djebali Raoudha , Belanes Amel
Published: March 2016

This paper investigates the effect of not only the controlling shareholders but also their identity on dividend policy. For a large panel of French firms during the period 2006-2010, we find that the dividend payout ratio increases with the ownership concentration. However, this result changes with the identity of the largest shareholder. Family-controlled firms are more tempted to distribute lower dividends while firms dominated by institutional investors likely distribute higher dividends. Empirical results also reveal that firms with more independent directors are associated with higher dividend payout in contrast to US cross-listed firms.
Banking Governance: Whats Special About Islamic Banks?
Authors: Ben Bouheni Faten , Ammi Chantal
Published: March 2016

Recent turmoil and financial institutions failures in the U.S and in the EU have led to a renewed interest in corporate governance. Thus, the ultimate decisions taken to out of the crisis were to review the mechanisms of banking governance. The Islamic banking may use the same governance mechanisms as a conventional bank, in addition to the Shariah boards, the Shariah review unit, the Islamic International Rating Agency (IIRA) and, the Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB) like main bodies of monitoring the Islamic Banking industry. In contrast to the conventional banks, the Islamic banks are based on the active participation of public policy institutions, regulatory and supervisory authorities, and Shariah authorities. These institutions collectively monitor the performance of the firm and its faithfulness and commitment to explicit as well as implicit contracts. Islamic banking designates banking activities, which are conforming to Islamic law (Shariah) and guided by Islamic economics. In particular, Islamic law prohibits usury and payment of interest (Riba), it also prohibits investing in businesses that are considered unlawful. And the competitiveness of many of Islamic products and the PLS principle attract Muslim and non-Muslim investors.
Technological Leadership Behavior Of High School Headteachers In Asir Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alkrdem Mofareh
Published: March 2016

The purpose of this study is to examine the technological leadership behaviors of Saudi Arabian high school regarding the supply and use of educational technologies based on the educational technology standards developed and approved for school headteachers in many countries. The study was carried out with 135 high school headteachers. In the study, the survey research design was used, and the research data were collected via a questionnaire. For the analysis of the data, ANOVA and t-tests were applied. The results indicated that the headteachers generally demonstrated a high level of technological leadership behavior, in general, in providing and using of educational technologies. In addition, the technological leadership behavior of the headteachers did not differ with respect to their gender, study field, level of education, and their experience in leadership.
Academic Motivation And Self-Regulated Learning In Predicting Academic Achievement in College
Authors: Cetin Baris
Published: March 2016

The purpose of this study was to determine whether academic motivation and academic self-regulated learning predicted students’ GPAs in the Early Childhood Education Department. The study participants consisted of 166 early childhood education majors enrolled in the 2014 spring semester at Georgia Southern University, USA. Data were gathered using the “academic motivation scale” developed by Vallerand et al. (1992), and the “academic self-regulated learning scale” developed by Mango (2010).  The study’ s results showed that there was no correlation between GPA and academic motivation and academic self-regulation learning. In other words, the students’ academic motivation and academic self-regulated learning total scores, together, did not predict their GPA.
An Analysis Of The Relationship Between Distance From Campus And Gpa Of Commuter Students
Authors: Nelson Danielle , Misra Kaustav , Sype Gail E. , Mackie Wayne
Published: March 2016

A variety of factors influence a student’s ability to succeed in college and complete a degree program. Students who live on-campus, at least during their freshman year, have been shown to be more likely to complete their degrees than are students who live off-campus. Students who are commuters may have more demands on their time and may have fewer opportunities to develop a strong commitment to their studies and to their university. It may be hypothesized that students who live farther away from a campus may find it more difficult to attend classes and to complete outside tasks required by their classes. In an initial test of this hypothesis, an examination of the relationship between a commuter student’s distance from campus and his/her overall grade point average is assessed. Results do not support this hypothesis. Possible reasons for this finding and directions for future research are discussed.
Internationalization Of Higher Education: A Reflection On Success And Failures Among Foreign Universities In The United Arab Emirates
Authors: Mahani Sepideh , Molki Arman
Published: March 2016

Globalization has affected many sectors of the society, including higher education. In the current global economy, higher education institutions face numerous challenges. Factors such as the increasing international competition, achieving higher ranking among global universities, and the pursuit of creating world-class institutions has had a significant impact on higher education institutions. While universities respond to these challenges differently, some higher education institutions are increasingly moving toward the internationalization of their campuses. Internationalization of higher education programs includes branch campuses, cross border collaborative programs, exchange of international students, and establishment of English-medium programs and degrees. Over the past decade, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has been on the receiving line of this phenomena. Internationalization of higher education has greatly affected the UAE as it continues to strive toward becoming a leading education hub in the Middle East. Until recently, the goal of the UAE has been to make higher education accessible to all students within the UAE by providing them with quality learning resources. However, over the past several years, in addition to providing its citizens with quality education, the country is working toward establishing itself as a world-class regional education hub through inviting prominent universities to set up campuses in the country. This paper examines the current trends in internationalization of higher education and analyzes the recent successes and some unanticipated outcomes of this phenomenon in the UAE.
Completion Time Dynamics Of Doctoral Studies At Makerere University: A Hazard Model Evaluation
Authors: Wamala Robert , Oonyu Joseph , Ocaya Bruno
Published: March 2016

Issues related to attrition and completion time of graduate studies are certainly an internationally challenging and important area of higher education literature. In this paper, completion time dynamics of doctoral studies at Makerere University were investigated based on data extracted for all 295 candidates in the commencement cohorts from 2000 to 2005. The total elapsed time, from first enrollment to submission of a final copy of a thesis, was adopted as a measure of completion time and event history (survival) analysis methodology was applied. Results reveal a median completion time of 5.0 years. Following a Cox model, in a range of candidate, candidature, discipline and institutional variables, the rate of completion was higher for candidates at younger ages during commencement, international students, those registered in science-related disciplines, and those in commencement cohorts from 2000 to 2002. The model correctly identified the order of completion times by about 72% of the time.
Education Destination Determinants Of Chinese Students
Authors: He Yunke , Banham Heather
Published: March 2016

As the focus on international education has changed from international aid to international trade, competition for internationally mobile students has increased. The motivational factors influencing the education destination decision for students from China is of particular significance to destination countries and their educational institutions. This paper explores directly with Chinese students the determinants and motivations on the education destination decision. The primary data is collected from five geographical regions in China. The analysis of the research findings has resulted in some important implications on government policies and institution recruitment strategies.
Examination Management And Examination Malpractice: The Nexus
Authors: Ogunji James A.
Published: March 2016

Examination malpractice or cheating has become a global phenomenon. In different countries of the world today, developed and developing, academic dishonesty especially cheating in examinations has heightened and taken frightening dimension. In many countries of the world this phenomenon has become a serious matter of concern that has left many appalled and conjecturing the cause of this problem. This paper implicates unethical examination management practices which begin from teaching in the classroom, thereby shifting the usual focus of examination malpractice on students to the entire chain of examination management process. This implies that teachers, school heads, administrators, invigilators, supervisors, examiners, secretaries or clerks, examination bodies, parents, and law enforcement agents are part of this problem. The paper thus theorized about global examination malpractice that; the magnitude of examination malpractice in any country at any time is directly proportional to the extent to which examination management roles violate or uphold examination ethics. Using Nigeria as a point of reference, this paper discusses the unethical examination management practices that tend to sustain examination malpractice. It further articulates examination management ethics, which when followed can check the tide of cheating in examinations.
Design Of The Accounting Course Focusing On The Development Of Competences
Authors: Ciudad-Gomez Adelaida
Published: March 2016

The aim of this work is to develop a proposal for a methodology in the university environment that enables us to design our course with an approach based on the development and acquisition of competences within the framework of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA), allowing a transition from a model focused on teaching to a model focused on student learning. This means, after having established the competences to be acquired by the student during our course, designing the activities that must be undertaken in order to achieve them, so that the central core of our work is made up of three sequential steps: a) selection and definition of the generic and specific competences to be acquired during our course, b) inclusion of competence training activities and distribution amongst the topics of the course, and c) the procedure for the assessment of competences.
Determinants In The Choice Of Comprehensible Input Strategies In Science Classes
Authors: Buri Crisanta Comia
Published: March 2016

The Bilingual Education Policy, which was launched in 1974 and revised in 1987, has resulted in the limited exposure of Filipino learners to the English language. This is because the policy reversed previous policies and stipulates that in only two content area subjects, namely, Science and Mathematics is English to be used as medium of instruction. The limited exposure to English has been cited as one of the reasons for the declining proficiency in English of Filipino students since the promulgation of the policy (Gonzales, 1986). On the other hand, the use of English as medium of instruction in cognitively demanding subjects such as science and mathematics has also been given as the reason for the poor showing of students and even teachers themselves in nationwide tests in Science (Maminta, 1985). The overall downtrend in student achievement as evidenced by the poor performance on all of the tests has given rise to two issues concerning the policy. First, is the language for initial literacy and the second is the medium of instruction in science and mathematics. These language issues are crucial in as much as language is the primary vehicle of expression and thought exchange in the classroom. Teaching and learning are in fact language tasks carried out largely by means of verbal interaction between teacher and students (Bellack, et al 1966). The exchange of ideas between students and teachers is largely done through language as they talk about concepts in science, mathematics and other content areas.