bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teachers’ voices on the poor reading skills of Setswana-speaking Foundation Phase learners
Authors: Mokobe Joyce , Badenhorst Jo , Schlebusch Luzaan
Published: February 2025

Background: Proficient reading skills are crucial for Foundation Phase learners to develop critical thinking and problem-solving abilities. The 2021 PIRLS assessment highlighted alarmingly low reading proficiency among ten-year-olds. Effective reading instruction, and a positive reading environment are essential for developing confident, skilled readers.Objectives: This research focused on the reading instruction challenges of selected Setswana-speaking Foundation Phase teachers in the Dr Kenneth Kaunda Education District in the North West Province in South Africa.Method: Using a qualitative approach, the study employed a multiple case study design, incorporating interviews and document analysis.Results: The findings revealed significant challenges for Grade 3 teachers in teaching reading to Setswana-speaking students. A key issue was inadequate training in reading instruction methods, which hindered their effectiveness. Teachers also lacked sufficient subject knowledge of Setswana, complicating their ability to support reading development. Additional problems included a severe shortage of essential resources: textbooks, visual aids, and access to libraries were limited, depriving learners of necessary reading materials and opportunities.Conclusion: The study highlighted the critical role of teacher training and sufficient resources in effective teaching and the impact of their absence on instructional challenges. It underscored the need for education authorities to address the difficulties rural schools and their staff face.Contribution: Currently, there is no effective system in place for teachers in this district to enhance reading instruction and better support their learners. This research aimed to address this gap by establishing how the extent of these problems may help identify measures to address them.
Framework for Creating Successful Multidisciplinary Translational Research Teams
Authors: Supriya S , Patil Shanthanu , Bagavandas M
Published: February 2025

Translational research teams are the need of the hour to address society’s complex problems. Researchers from various disciplines coordinate and collaborate to form research teams. The translation of their work from inception to social impact is integral to the team’s function. In this essay, the basic-fit translational model and design delivery framework are developed to assist researchers from all disciplines in self-analyzing their social impact to augment collaboration.
Compliance to Tobacco Advertising and Promotion Ban in Four Regions of a Southern Indian State – A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kumar Praveen , Kamath Asha , Nayak Radhika , Naik Ashwath K , Kamath Veena G , Kulkarni Muralidhar M
Published: February 2025

Tobacco advertising and promotion influences youth smoking initiation and regular use. India’s Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act, 2003, bans tobacco advertising and promotion but allows Point of Sale (PoS) advertisements under specific conditions. This study aimed to assess compliance with the ban on tobacco advertising at the PoS in the Karnataka state of Southern India. A cross-sectional observational survey was conducted in 529 PoS across Karnataka’s four administrative regions between January to March 2020 using a checklist. The research assistants visited shops selling tobacco products, observed each store during business hours for 10 minutes, and completed the checklist. Proportions and percentages were calculated for each domain of the checklist. The study showed that 127 (24%) shops out of 529 had direct PoS advertisements. Among the total violations, product showcases (94.5%), Stickers (76%), and Posters (75.6%) were prominently used for the promotion of tobacco products. Advertisements were seen more commonly in petty shops (92%) and urban areas (59.8%). Product displays, stickers, and posters were used most often to violate advertising laws. Compliance should be improved in urban and petty shops, to decrease tobacco product exposure and accessibility.
Comprehensive Analysis of Pediatric Mesenteric Cysts with Clinical Presentation, Diagnostic Challenges, Surgical Management, and Outcome
Authors: Singh Jitendra K. , Yadav Devendra K. , Anand Sachit , Jain Vishesh , Dhua Anjan K. , Verma Ajay
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Mesenteric cysts are rare, benign abdominal tumors that pose diagnostic challenges due to their nonspecific symptoms. Their etiology is diverse, with congenital, lymphatic, and inflammatory origins proposed. Clinical presentation often includes abdominal pain, mass, or incidental findings. Management primarily involves surgical resection, yet the optimal approach and long-term outcomes remain unclear. This study aims to comprehensively characterize the clinical spectrum, diagnostic accuracy, therapeutic strategies, and prognostic factors associated with mesenteric cysts.

Materials and Methods:

The authors retrospectively analyzed prospectively maintained data on cystic abdominal masses managed between 2014 and 2024. They analyzed the clinical parameters, demographics, presentations, investigations, management, and outcomes.

Results:

The authors managed 28 cases of cystic abdominal masses between 2014 and 2024. The median age of presentation was 36 months (range 2 days–9 years), with 16 males and 12 females. The most common presenting symptom was abdominal pain (n = 18) – seven children presented with acute symptoms in casualty. There were 13 mesenteric cysts, six enteric duplication cysts, five chylolymphatic cysts, three omental cysts, and one retroperitoneal lymphatic cyst. Thirteen cysts were present in the ileum, seven in the jejunum, three in the transverse colon mesentery, two in the omentum, and one each in the rectal, retroperitoneum, and lower esophagus (traversing the hiatus to lie in the abdomen). Cyst excision was done in 10 patients, and cyst excision with resection and anastomosis was done in 13 patients. One patient expired in the immediate postoperative period due to sepsis; others had uneventful postoperative periods with no recurrence on follow-up.

Conclusion:

This article highlights the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and management strategies employed in a patient with cystic abdominal masses. Despite challenges in locating the site of origin of these cysts, timely intervention with radiology and surgery led to a favorable outcome.
Retrolaminar block combined with erector spinae plane block for postthoracotomy pain: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Abbas Sherif M. , Mohamed Ahmed O. , Khedr Hisham S. , Tawadros Pierre Z.
Published: February 2025

Aim

Novel chest wall blocks were developed as the erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and retrolaminar block (RLB) to overcome postthoracotomy pain. The current study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of combined RLB and ESPB versus ESPB alone for pain management following thoracotomy.

Settings and design

This randomized, double-blinded, parallel-group clinical trial was conducted at the university hospital.

Patients and methods

A total of 32 patients were enrolled in this study and were randomly assigned into two groups (16 patients each). The intervention group (ESPB/RLB) received preoperative ESPB using 10 ml of bupivacaine 0.25% plus RLB using 10 ml of bupivacaine 0.25% on the operated side, while the control group received preoperative ESPB only using 20 ml of bupivacaine 0.25% on the same side of the operation.

Results

The two groups showed no significant difference regarding pain, opioid consumption, hemodynamics, or time to first analgesic request.

Conclusions

The combination of ESPB and RLB did not demonstrate a superior analgesic effect for postthoracotomy pain compared with ESPB alone. However, it did result in a slightly lower incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, and hypotension.
Efficacy of caudal block on postoperative analgesia during anal sphincter-sparing procedures under general anesthesia
Authors: Abougabal Ayman , Nabil Nashwa , Agiza Nora , Raslan Mohamed , Mannaa Asser , Elbarmelgi Mohamed Yehia , Zayed Marwa
Published: February 2025

Background

Fistulotomy performed for a complex anal fistula carries a high risk of injury to the anal sphincter which can lead to incontinence. Therefore, many surgeons prefer to preserve muscle tone during this surgery. This study aims to compare the effect of caudal epidural block analgesia versus opioid analgesia for complex anal fistula surgeries.

Patients and methods

This is a randomized, controlled, double-blinded trial conducted in the uni-centre teaching hospital.

Adult patients aged 18–60 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I–II, with complex anal fistula were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups: the caudal group (n=17) and the control group (n=13). The primary outcome of this study was the time to first request rescue postoperative analgesia

Results

The mean time to first request of rescue postoperative analgesia was longer in the caudal group compared with the control group (18.5±5.5 vs. 1.7±2.45 h; P<0.001. The caudal group had lower total consumption of intraoperative fentanyl and postoperative morphine consumption compared with the control group. The time for first ambulation, time for first urination, and Digital Rectal Examination Scoring System score were comparable between the two study groups.

Conclusions

In complex anal fistula surgery, supplementing general anesthesia with caudal block provides better pain control and less incidence of nausea and vomiting than standard care, without affecting the anal tone.
Overcoming Weak Grid Challenges: A Combined Approach to VSI Stability with Impedance Adjustment, Control Optimization, and Microgrid Integration
Authors: Singh Harendra Pal , Bose Sourav , Swami Anurag K.
Published: February 2025

This paper addresses the challenges in Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) systems connected to weak grids, where frequent impedance changes lead to instability and power quality issues. This research studies how changing grid impedance affects current distortion and the stability of a VSI. It proposes the stability analysis of a single loop controller and optimize its settings using various techniques (ZN-method, PSO, GA) to ensure VSI stability and meet current distortion limits (THD compliance), when grid impedance varies. The primary focus revolves around addressing two key challenges: managing impedance variations at the PCC and enhancing the tracking performance of the PI controller. The VSI-based system connected to the weak grid and in standalone mode is simulated on Typhoon HIL, to validate the effectiveness of obtained optimized controller parameters by changing various conditions like, the output power regulation and sudden load change in a standalone distribution network. The MATLAB/SIMULINK with m-files is utilized for the parameters optimization and controller model simulation purposes. This research is important for developing more reliable and resilient power systems, specifically by investigating the transient behaviour of VSI frequency and voltage under sudden changes, to ensure an uninterruptible power supply to critical loads.
Hopf fibrations and totally geodesic submanifolds
Authors: Olmos Carlos Enrique , Rodríguez-Vázquez Alberto
Published: February 2025

We classify totally geodesic submanifolds in Hopf–Berger spheres, which constitute a special family of homogeneous spaces diffeomorphic to spheres constructed via Hopf fibrations. As a byproduct of our investigations, we have discovered very intriguing examples of totally geodesic submanifolds: totally geodesic submanifolds isometric to real projective spaces, uncountably many isometric but non-congruent totally geodesic submanifolds, and a totally geodesic submanifold that is not extrinsically homogeneous. Remarkably, all these examples arise in certain Hopf–Berger spheres with positive curvature.
Benefícios do surfe adaptado para o portador de paralisia cerebral - o estado da arte
Authors: Souza Enzo Aleixo , Colantonio Emilson
Published: February 2025

O surfe adaptado seria um modo de surfe capaz de proporcionar ao indivíduo com paralisia cerebral (PC) uma experiência muito semelhante à do surfe convencional. Acredita-se que a prática regular do surfe possa levar a um desenvolvimento nas aquisições motoras fora dos padrões habituais para pessoas com deficiência (PCD) com diagnóstico de PC. Desse modo, o objetivo deste estudo é compreender como a prática regular do surfe adaptado pode influenciar a vida de uma pessoa diagnosticada com PC. Esse estudo tem como característica uma pesquisa de revisão da literatura, com abordagem qualitativa. Com uma quantidade de estudos muito limitada é possível afirmar que o surfe adaptado pode servir como uma atividade física de muita relevância para essa população, além de ser um esporte alternativo diferenciado pelo contato constante com a natureza, traz diversos benefícios fisiológicos, sociais, motores, mentais e também como meio de conscientização de inclusão para PCD na sociedade como um todo, sendo uma ferramenta importante para combater estigmas e preconceitos.
Caracterização dos praticantes de desporto de natureza. Análise do impacto nos locais de prática
Authors: Bento Pedro , Gonçalves Stefano , Murta Luis
Published: February 2025

O Desporto na Natureza (DN) é um dos sectores de crescimento mais rápido na área do turismo ativo. Os diferentes cenários têm condicionantes que determinam a qualidade das atividades como o planeamento, a segurança ou os conhecimentos técnicos específicos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar os praticantes dessas atividades, os desafios e benefícios associados à prática. Pretende-se ainda investigar como é que essas atividades afetam os territórios locais em termos ambientais, económicos e socioculturais e tentar aferir o seu papel na sustentabilidade e desenvolvimento dessas regiões. A amostra foi constituída por 305 participantes, praticantes informais e/ou ocasionais de Desportos Natureza (40,7% do sexo feminino e 59,3% do sexo masculino). Os dados foram recolhidos através da aplicação de um questionário online e analisados através do software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 29.0). O nível de escolaridade mais representativo (n=121), é referente ao ensino superior (Licenciatura) representando 39,7% da amostra, seguido do ensino secundário (conclusão do 12º ano) com 24,9% dos inquiridos. Os participantes no estudo apresentam um estilo de vida ativo através da realização de atividades desportivas ao ar livre, referindo ainda que gostariam de realizar desportos natureza de forma mais frequente.). O bicicleta todo o terreno (BTT) (n=86) é a atividade praticada com maior frequência pelos homens seguido do Trail (n=64), enquanto nas mulheres o Trail (n=60) e o Pedestrianismo (n=52), são as atividades mais procuradas. Relativamente à repercussão que a prática dos Desportos nos locais, destaca-se que a mesma que promove a preservação das áreas naturais.
PENGARUH HARGA SAHAM SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH COVID-19 PERUSAHAAN FOOD AND BEVERAGES DI BEI
Authors: Hek Tan Kim , Gani Petrus , Mipo Mipo
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi harga saham pada Perusahaan Food and Beverages yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2017-2022. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, variabel bebas yang digunakan adalah Return on Asset/ROA (X1), Earning per ShareI/EPS (X2), Dividend Payout Ratio/DPR (X3) dan Harga Saham (Y). Populasinya merupakan seluruh perusahaan Food and Beverages yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia, sebanyak 72 perusahaan. Penarikan sampel menggunakan Purposive Sampling dan diperoleh 8 perusahaan. Teknik analisisnya adalah regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah ROA dan EPS sebelum terjadinya Covid-19 mempengaruhi harga saham dan tetapi DPR tidak mempengaruhi. Hal ini dibuktikan dari ROA memiliki nilai sig. 0.01, EPS memiliki sig. 0.00, keduanya < 0.05, sedangkan DPR memiliki sig. 0.023 dan > 0.05. Pada saat terjadinya Covid-19, ROA dan EPS tidak mempengaruhi harga saham karena nilai sig. 0.576 dan 0.266, nilainya < 0.05. Sedangkan EPS mempengaruhi harga saham karena nilai sig. 0.000 < 0.05.  Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ROA dan EPS mempengaruh harga saham sebelum Covid-19 sedangkan DPR tidak mempengaruhi sebelum Covid-19. Pada saat terjadinya Covid-19, ROA dan DPR tidak mempengaruhi harga saham sedangkan EPS mempengaruhi. Secara simultan ROA, EPS dan DPR mempengaruhi harga saham sebelum dan ssesudah Covid-19.
Thе Rоlе Оf Fоlk Sоngs In Dеvеlоping Mоrаl and Аrtistic Vаluеs
Authors: Nаzаrоv Fаrhоdjоn Аllаbеrdiyеvich
Published: February 2025

Fоlk sоngs plаy аn impоrtаnt rоlе in shаping thе аеsthеtic еducаtiоn оf schооlchildrеn. This аrticlе еxplоrеs thе mеthоds аnd pеdаgоgicаl fоundаtiоns оf аеsthеtic еducаtiоn thrоugh fоlk sоngs. Fоlk sоngs cоntributе tо thе dеvеlоpmеnt оf studеnts’ аrtistic tаstе, thе fоrmаtiоn оf rеspеct fоr nаtiоnаl vаluеs, аnd thе еxpаnsiоn оf crеаtivе thinking. Thrоugh musicаl litеrаcy, еducаtiоnаl аpprоаchеs, intеrаctivе mеthоds, аnd prаcticаl аctivitiеs, studеnts’ crеаtivе аbilitiеs аrе dеvеlоpеd. Аdditiоnаlly, fоlk sоngs prоvidе оppоrtunitiеs fоr prеsеrving аnd prоmоting nаtiоnаl culturаl hеritаgе, еnhаncing musicаl pеrcеptiоn, аnd fоstеring cоllеctivе pеrfоrmаncе. Tо imprоvе thе еffеctivеnеss оf аеsthеtic еducаtiоn, mоdеrn tеchnоlоgiеs, fоlk аrt fеstivаls, аnd cоllаbоrаtiоn with pаrеnts аrе highlightеd аs kеy fаctоrs
Remote sensing applied for the estimation of crop coefficient and detection of forest cover changes
Authors: Pacheco Henry , Delgado Cristhian , Delgado Roger , Fernández Luis , Caal Néstor , Jarre Emilio
Published: February 2025

With the objective of applying remote sensing techniques for crop coefficient estimation and detection of changes in forest cover, in order to generate information that contributes to the sustainable management of agricultural and forestry resources, a study was conducted based on the theoretical foundations of agriculture 4.0, through the implementation of advanced technologies and intelligent data integration to optimize the entire agricultural production cycle. The methodology adopted includes the capture and processing of multispectral images from satellite platforms and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), in order to obtain geometric and spectral information on various crops. Calculations of spectral indices (NDVI, NDMI, NDWI, Kc) and analysis of forest stand losses were performed using advanced software tools in GIS environment and the Google Earth Engine platform. The drone images made it possible to calculate the NDWI to classify soil moisture in high, moderate and low levels. Satellite images facilitated the identification of relationships between crop evaporation coefficient (Kc) and climatic parameters, as well as the detection of areas with forest losses in the Carrizal river basin. The results suggest strategies for the development of precision agriculture activities, promoting the substitution of conventional practices for sustainable development mechanisms based on geospatial technologies. This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating the application of advanced geospatial technologies to optimize agricultural production and sustainability.
TIME SERIES ANALYSIS TO FORECAST COVID-19 CASES IN CENTRAL ASIA
Authors: Tabarek R. , Murat B.
Published: February 2025

According to the study, the cases are expected to increase inthe upcoming days. An exponential rise in the number of cases is also noticeablein a time series analysis. The current forecast models are expected to help thegovernment and medical professionals plan for future circumstances andenhance healthcare system readiness. The proposed study employs a supportvector regression model for forecasting the overall number of deaths, recoveredcases, cumulative number of reported cases, and regular case count. The startinginformation is retrieved from the 1st of March to the 30th of April, 2021 (61Days). The model predicts deaths, recoveries, and the total number of confirmedcases with an accuracy of over 97 percent, and regular new cases with anaccuracy of 87 percent. The findings point to a Gaussian reduction in the numberof cases, which may take another 3 to 4 months to reach the bare minimum of nonew cases registered.
OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHMS OVERVIEW FOR COURSESCHEDULING
Authors: Zhuniskhanov M. , Suliyev R.
Published: February 2025

Today we have a lot of optimization algorithms that can be used for course scheduling, but the main question is which of them fulfills our requirements better and what are the advantages of one from the others. Since course scheduling is an NP-problem, in this article we will look at a few of algorithms that are used to solve different problems and have proved themselves only on the best side and compare their main advantages. When comparing, we will rely not only on the accuracy of the results, but also on the speed of solving complex problems, and on solving complex conditions.
ФРАКТАЛЬНЫЙ МЕТОД ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНЫХ ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: Абдрахманов Р.Б.
Published: February 2025

The paper considers the solution of the problem of designingintelligent information systems (AIS). At the conceptual level, the technical andalgorithmic structure of the information system and the logical chain ofintellectualization of its connecting parts are proposed. At the same time, it isstated that the main part of the AIS is the fractal knowledge base (BZ) and itsmanagement system. Formalizing the concepts of “data” and “information”, theanalytical form of the concept of “knowledge” is given. On the basis ofproductive knowledge, the concept of “fractal knowledge” is first introduced.In order to create a fractal knowledge base. An algorithm for managing theseknowledge bases is given. The decision-making procedure is based on the algorithm for calculating estimates (ABO). On the basis of three algorithmicfractals, the concept of designing an AIS with a fractal knowledge base isproposed. It is assumed that such an approach to the design of an AIS gives it acertain sense of universality. The purpose of the proposed method is to provideversatility, thereby enabling knowledge engineers to design an AIS withoutmuch difficulty.
DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS AND ALGORITHMS TO BUILD ASPEAKER VERIFICATION IN KAZAKH LANGUAGE
Authors: Rashid Sh. , Kuanyshbay D. , Nurkey A.
Published: February 2025

Speaker verification interfaces are gaining more and more popularity in both academic and commercial industries. It's connected with the latest advances in this area, which can be seen firsthand in our daily life: voice interfaces in computers, robots, cell phones, Internet browsers, and even household appliances. The relevance of the development of Kazakh speech recognition systems arises in connection with the growing needs in the field ofpublic services, provided within the framework of electronic government (egov). Availability voice interfaces will open access to government services for people with disabilities, as well as people living in remote regions and havingthe only way of access in the form of telephones.
SPEECH RECOGNITION BASED ON CONVENTIONALNEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Almukhametova D. , Kuanyshbay D. , Nurkey A.
Published: February 2025

In this research work, the problem of speech recognitionis considered in the form of an analysis of the numbers from 1 to 10 recorded by the speakeron the dictaphone. The paper uses the method of recognizing thespectrogram of an audiosignal using convolutional neural networks. Also written and implemented an algorithm for processinginput data, and an algorithm for recognizing spoken words. In this work, the qualityof recognition was assessed for a different number of convolutional layers. A comparison of the recognition quality is made in cases when the input data for the network are the spectrogramof the audio signal or the first two formants extracted from it. The recognition algorithm was tested using examples of male and female voices with different pronunciation lengths.
ARTIFICIALLY INTELLIGENT CHATBOTS FOR HIGEREDUCATION: A REVIEW OF EMPIRICAL LITERATURE
Authors: Momonov Galymzhan
Published: February 2025

This paper reviews empirical literature on artificially intelligent chatbots for higher education published in 2000-2021 in peerreviewed journals. The review shows that chatbots are mainly used for teaching assistance and for non-academic support purposes. The published studies unanimously report positive effects of chatbots on the outcomes of interest. The review suggests that chatbots have a considerable potential to be used more widely in higher education. Further, the research on chatbots in higher education is ripe for more research.
IMPLEMENTATION OF A REAL-TIME ALERT-NOTIFICATIONSYSTEM FOR DATA MONITORING IN THE FINANCIAL INDUSTRY
Authors: Amankossova Aruzhan , Turan Cemil
Published: February 2025

An alert notification system that operates in real-time is crucial for data monitoring, as it enables financial institutions to detect and address possible compliance issues promptly, preventing them from escalating into more significant problems. In the event that there are issues with the data, we may not realise that some parameter values are missing. In such instances, automatic alerts are unquestionably the most effective system. The use of an automated system to notify the responsible parties will benefit any organization's digitalization and reduce the burden on employees who must monitor manually.The article provides an examination and contrast of real-time alert automation techniques implemented through the programming languages of R and Python.The analysis encompasses the problems and limitations of the different methods.This study contributes to the field of automated notifications in the financial industry by evaluating different methods.
ARTIFICIAL AI IN TEST AUTOMATION: SOFTWARE TESTINGOPPORTUNITIES WITH OPENAI TECHNOLOGY - CHATGPT
Authors: Talasbek Arailym
Published: February 2025

One of the most important and significant stages of the softwaredevelopment life cycle is software testing. Automated testing reduces testing costs and increases productivity, resulting in a high-quality and stable end product. To ensure that software is bug-free and delivers the desired user experience, test automation is critical. As technology advances, test automation becomes more complex. However, advanced AI technologies will soon become commonplace thanks to powerful tools like ChatGPT that, among countless other things, can chat with you and teach you how to read and write code like a human. In this article, we will try to consider the possibilities of automation with chatgpt. Starting with writing test plans, and test scripts by using Python and Selenium WebDriver. How ChatGPT can improve our tasks and make them more feasible. By leveraging the capabilities of ChatGPT, software testing engineers can enhance their skills, improve testing capabilities, and achieve better quality and accuracy of test results. The opportunities presented by ChatGPT can lead to improved efficiency, productivity, and overall performance in the field of software testing engineering.
OPTIMIZING EXAM SCHEDULES: A LITERATURE SURVEY
Authors: Mamay Kuanyshbek
Published: February 2025

Exam scheduling is a challenging problem that involves finding anoptimal schedule for a set of exams subject to various constraints, such as roomcapacities, time windows, and conflicting exams. This problem has beenextensively studied in operations research and computer science and variousmethods have been proposed over the years. In this paper, we present acomprehensive literature review of the existing methods for exam schedulingoptimization. We summarize the key contributions, strengths, and weaknessesof each approach and compare and contrast the various methods based on variousperformance measures such as solution quality, computational time, andscalability. Additionally, we discuss the real-world applications of the examscheduling problem and the impact of different methods on practical solutions.Finally, we provide insights into the current state of the art in exam schedulingand suggest future directions for research. Our survey provides a useful resourcefor researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers who are interested in examscheduling optimization.
DATA COLLECTION TO IDENTIFY STUDENTS AT RISK OF NOTCOMPLETING A COURSE USING MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: Bairamova Diana
Published: February 2025

One of the most important methods in the study of various subjects is the understanding at an early stage of the learning process on the partof both the teacher and the student that the student is in a risk group that will not complete the course successfully. Identifying this group of students at an early stage of learning increases the level of motivation of students to start studying well in time and can help the teacher individually determine which student needs help. Before identifying a group of students at risk of not completing the course successfully, an important part is to collect and prepare the necessary data (predictors) for teaching machine learning algorithms. Currently, this is necessary for both online and offline education. In the presented method of determining a group of students, various types of algorithms were used, where one of the best results of determining a group of students with risk and without risk was shown by Logistic Regression with a high AUC =0.8003. The SMOTE method was used in the work, which coped well with the problem of data imbalance of the "Pass" and "Not Pass" classes, while increasing the accuracy of the forecast for the minority class "Not Pass" by 11%. Using certain predictors of student performance, it is possible to derive additional information such as the level of interest in the lesson, the determination of the final score for the lesson, a certain category (A, B, C, D) of students with different characteristics and other indicators that contribute to the involvement of students in the lesson at the earliest stage of learning.
KAZAKH HANDWRITING RECOGNITION
Authors: Bazarkulova Aisaule
Published: February 2025

Recognition of handwritten text is one aspect of objectrecognition and known as handwriting detection cause of a computer’spotential to recognize and comprehend readable handwriting from resourcesincluding paper files, touch smart devices, images, etc. Data is categorized intoa number of classes or groups using pattern recognition. The paper presents asuccessful experiment in recognizing handwritten Kazakh text usingConvolutional Recurrent Neural Network based architectures and the KazakhAutonomous Handwritten Text Dataset. The proposed algorithm achieved anoverall accuracy of 86.36% and showed promising results. However, the papersuggests that further research could be conducted to improve the model, suchas correlating and enlarging the database or incorporating other models andlibraries. Additionally, the paper emphasizes the importance of consideringlanguage specifics when building a text recognition model, as modernalgorithms that work well in one language may not guarantee the sameperformance in another.
COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT CLASSIFICATION MODELSFOR SENTIMENT ANALYSIS
Authors: Maulen Makhul
Published: February 2025

In this work, we explored sentiment analysis techniques oftexts using the example of product comments in the Kazakh language. To dothis, we used machine learning methods such as Naive Bayes, Random Forest,Logistic Regression and Support Vector Machine, as well as text processingtools: CountVectorizer and TfidfVectorizer. In the process of work,experiments were carried out with different configurations of models andparameters of vectorizers. To assess the quality of the models, we usedaccuracy, precision, recall and F1-score metrics. The research findingsindicated that the application of machine learning techniques make it possibleto achieve high accuracy in sentiment analysis of comments. The best resultswere obtained using the Support Vector Machine and TfidfVectorizer. Thisstudy can be used to further improve the systems for sentiment analysis ofcomments in the Kazakh language, which can be useful in monitoring publicopinion in various areas, including business.
SVTR model for Kazakh Handwritten Text Recognition
Authors: Bimurat Mukhtar , Shalkarbaiuly Ardak , Kazhymukhanuly Akhmediyar , Myrzabayeva Aierke
Published: February 2025

Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) plays a crucial role in transforming historical and contemporary handwritten documents into digital formats, facilitating easier access, searchability, and analysis. The SVTR model, known for its state-of-the-art performance in scene text recognition (STR), stands out for its minimal resource use, and quick inference time. In this study, we apply the SVTR model to the Kazakh Offline Handwritten Text Dataset (KOHTD) to assess its capability in handwritten text recognition. Achieving a Character Error Rate (CER) of 4.59% and a Word Error Rate (WER) of 20%, our research establishes new accuracy benchmarks for the KOHTD. The findings underscore the SVTR model's high effectiveness in recognizing handwritten text.
S_8-МОДУЛЬНЫЕ СТРУКТУРЫ СВОБОДНОЙ АНТИКОММУТАТИВНОЙ АЛГЕБРЫ
Authors: Ыдырыс Абдыбек
Published: February 2025

An algebra with identity ab = −ba is called anti-commutativealgebra. In this work we study S8-module structures of free anti-commutativealgebra of degree 8.
АССОЦИАТИВТІ ЕМЕС АЛГЕБРАЛАРДЫҢ МУТАЦИЯСЫ
Authors: Абдрашит Алмат , Машуров Фарух
Published: February 2025

We consider bicommutative algebras under mutationproducts. We obtain all identities of degree three of any bicommutative algebra under mutation product. Moreover, we prove that all identities in degree threeare consequences of two independent identities.
Web-Based E-Commerce Using Up Selling and Safety Stock Methods
Authors: Amanda Widia Putri , Samsudin Samsudin
Published: February 2025

This research examines the application of the e-commerce platform at the An-Nur Muslim Shop which sells Hajj and Umrah equipment. In the rapidly developing digital era, e-commerce has become essential for companies to expand market share and increase operational efficiency. E-commerce is changing the traditional way of commerce, allowing customers to shop easily and safely. The principle of fair and legal transactions in Islam is an important basis for the development of e-commerce, as emphasized in QS An-Nisa: 29. The Up Selling method is applied to increase sales by offering similar products that have a higher value, which is expected to encourage customers to buy more products. Up Selling works by sorting products from lowest to highest price and offering discounts and special promos on products that meet the criteria. In addition, the Safety Stock concept is used to manage inventory more efficiently. Safety Stock helps anticipate demand uncertainty and delays in receiving raw materials, maintaining optimal stock levels. With this approach, An-Nur Moeslim Shop’s can keep stock levels low to reduce inventory management costs and match new orders only when stock is low. The proposed e-commerce system will allow users to search for products, review descriptions and prices, and make purchases easily through a user-friendly web interface. It is hoped that this e-commerce platform will strengthen An-Nur Moeslim Shop’s position in the market, provide significant added value, and improve the overall customer shopping experience.
Design and Build a Web-Based Purchasing Information System using Agile Methods at Darma Store
Authors: Ikhwan Muhsinin Yahya , Sudarmilah Endah
Published: February 2025

Increased electronic media can help business efficiency in customer service and sales. The implementation of Business to Customer (B2C) focuses on operational improvements which include developing more effective marketing strategies providing more responsive and personalized customer service which aims to improve customer experience and strengthen long-term business relationships. Software implementations are designed to improve operational processes, optimize workflows and minimize time required. This research aims to design and build a web-based online ordering and purchasing information system at the Darma Building Store. The method used in this research is software development. Agile Software Development uses agile methods which are very efficient and convincing in recognizing changes and higher customer satisfaction. The programming language used is Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) with the Laravel framework. This research hopes that a web-based online ordering and purchasing information system can help the Darma Building Store manage inventory, increase operational efficiency, and making it easier for customers to make purchases. This system has several online ordering features, purchase reports and sales reports. This system is expected to help stores manage inventory, increase operational efficiency, and make it easier for customers to make purchases.
A Novel Privacy-Preserving Algorithm for Secure Data Sharing in Federated Learning Frameworks
Authors: Dalimarta Fahmy Ferdian , Faoziyah Nina , Setiawan Doni
Published: February 2025

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for the collaborative training of machine learning models across decentralized devices while preserving data privacy. However, ensuring data security and privacy during model updates remains a critical challenge, particularly in scenarios that involve sensitive data. This study proposes a novel Privacy-Preserving Algorithm (PPA-FL) designed to enhance data security and mitigate privacy leakage risks in FL frameworks. The algorithm integrates advanced encryption techniques, such as homomorphic encryption, with differential privacy to secure model updates without compromising the utility. Furthermore, it incorporates a dynamic noise-adjustment mechanism to adaptively balance privacy and model accuracy. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate that PPA-FL achieves a competitive trade-off between privacy protection and model performance compared to existing methods. The proposed approach is computationally efficient and scalable, making it suitable for real-world applications in healthcare, finance, and the IoT environment. This research contributes to advancing secure data-sharing practices in federated learning, fostering the broader adoption of privacy-preserving machine learning solutions.
LESSONS ON "WHAT MAKES INSECTS SPECIAL?" DIDACTIC ASPECTS
Authors: Latyševaitė Justė , Pšelenskytė Eimantė
Published: February 2025

Science education is most successful when students are exposed to real objects of knowledge and exploration, and when their interest in them leads them to construct new experiences and knowledge. These aspects emerge particularly naturally in outdoor education. Nature is an inexhaustible set of learning objects and phenomena, and is therefore an excellent medium for understanding natural science concepts, discovering new things, sharing experiences and learning to solve problems. Thus, a lesson in nature provides more opportunities not only to acquire knowledge, but also to establish a connection between the child and nature, to develop attitudes of care and respect for nature. In a green environment, learners can use all their senses to explore objects in the natural environment, understand the processes taking place and interpret the results of observations.
The article, written by prospective primary school teachers, is based on the experience gained not only in the development of the scenario of the green lesson and the dialogue between the indoor and outdoor educational environments, but also in the analysis of the feedback provided by the second grade pupils for whom the green lesson was conducted.
Thus, the work presents the lesson "What is special about insects?" The work presents the lesson plan, details the activities, discusses the results of the students' activity sheets, analyses the strengths and limitations of the lesson, and shares the experiences of the future teachers.
Keywords: nature exploration, nature lesson, experiential learning, primary school students, insects in primary education
KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING DOMAIN OF PHYSICAL LITERACY OF PRIMARY SCHOOLCHILDREN IN RELATION TO PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Dambrauskaitė Viktorija , Gruodytė-Račienė Rita
Published: February 2025

Physical literacy (PL) comprises several different aspects – physical competency, motivation, self-confidence, knowledge, understanding, daily behaviour in choosing physically active and healthy lifestyle. Learning to move may be even considered as the main literacy that we as humans truly need to acquire (Ydo, 2021). The aim of this cross-sectional pilot study was to evaluate the physical literacy domain of knowledge and understanding of primary school children, and compare it in respect of their own and their parents’ physical activity. In total, 103 dyads of 3rd-4th grade students and their parents (or legal guardians) took part in an online survey which consisted of two parts: (1) chidren had to fill in the questionnaire of the Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy (in loose translation to Lithuanian); (2) parents, in addition to demographic data, provided answers regarding their own and their child’s physical activity. For this purpose, the Netherlands physical activity questionnaire (NPAQ) was used. The knowledge and understanding of the majority of children were of achieving and excelling level. Girls had greater results in PL than boys. The more physically active, the greater PL in knowledge and understanding. Boys, but not girls, who are attending sports after school had higher level of PL than their physically passive counterparts. Children, whose parents exercise regularly more often had higher score in PL than those who do it rarely, although children of the latter had lower score in PL than those whose parents do not excersise regurlarly.
Keywords: physical literacy, physical activity, physical education, primary education, knowledge and understanding
Internet of Things (IoT) Applications in SAP: A Survey of Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities
Authors: Karthika Murugandi Reddiar Seetharaman
Published: February 2025

A revolutionary transformation in industrial operations has been brought about by the fast development of the Internet of Things (IoT), which has made intelligent decision-making and real-time data interchange possible across many different industries. As IoT technologies continue to gain traction, their integration with enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems like SAP is becoming increasingly vital for businesses seeking to optimize operational efficiency, enhance supply chain management, and unlock data-driven insights. This paper explores the synergistic potential of IoT-SAP integration, shedding light on how businesses can harness the power of IoT to streamline processes, improve resource allocation, and foster enhanced customer relationships. However, the adoption of IoT in industrial environments presents significant challenges, including data security concerns, system interoperability, and scalability issues. By examining the latest trends, opportunities, and challenges in IoT-SAP integration, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of how organizations can overcome these barriers and leverage IoT to drive innovation and maintain a competitive edge. Furthermore, the paper delves into the application of IoT across industries like manufacturing, healthcare, and logistics, highlighting the role of IoT in enhancing business processes, improving decision-making, and enabling predictive maintenance. Ultimately, this paper aims to offer valuable insights into the strategic implementation of IoT within SAP systems, demonstrating its potential to revolutionize industries and reshape business landscapes
Spaces to Cope, to Connect and to Relax for Refugee Youth
Authors: van Liempt Ilse
Published: February 2025

Refugees usually become entangled in a web of reception centres and civic integration requirements upon arrival, hampering their belonging to the city and directing them to specific spaces. This chapter explores how recently arrived refugee youth in Amsterdam navigate the city on their own terms, building connections beyond administrative borders. It investigates how refugee youth use public and semi-public spaces as an important counter narrative to formal and institutional procedures. Moreover, a focus on the night and urban nightscapes reveals the meaning of encounters, leisure time, conviviality and urban dynamics that take place in the city at night, offering a hopeful perspective that helps to explore new ways to live together in an increasingly diverse world.
(De)migrant(izing) Music Nights: Intergenerational Cultural Flows and Transnational Belonging in the Rotterdam Cabo Verdean Diaspora
Authors: Kersbergen Seger , Rodrigues Kamila Krakowska
Published: February 2025

Music has inspired physical and symbolic gatherings within the Rotterdam Cabo Verdean community and between the Rotterdam diaspora, Cabo Verde, and other Cabo Verdean communities worldwide. We analyse this multi-directional, multi-situated, and intergenerational identity negotiation through recent scholarly debates on the demigrantization of public discourses and Migration Studies (Dahinden 2016). This work highlights the multiple night and music scenes, performers, and organisers we came across during our ethnographic and co-creative research within the HERA-funded project “Night Spaces: Migration, Culture and Integration in Europe” (NITE). The nocturnal cultural scenes, whether young crowds dancing, cultural-religious festivals, or small-scale music performances, showcase a complex web of spatial and cultural configurations, blending inside and outside, local and diasporic, traditional and contemporary elements.
Tejo Bar: A Portal for the Cosmopolitics of Musicking
Authors: Lopes Alcides J. D.
Published: February 2025

This chapter examines transnational frequencies at Tejo Bar, a small live music pub in Alfama, Portugal, using data collected through participant observation from 2017 to 2019, during anthropological field-work in Lisbon. Three key features were determinant for scrutinizing how the nocturnal city is imagined or experienced by locals and tourists: a) the regular audience made up of musicians, artists, writers, actors, and music producers, from all over the world; b) talking aloud or clapping between songs were prohibited, with hand rubbing used instead to create a whisper-like sound; and c) the Cabo Verdean host musician was not always present, allowing anyone to join the gig. This paper analyses how this peculiar night space shaped social practices and fostered a cosmopolitics of musicking.
Thinking Women and Art in the Long Eighteenth Century
Authors: Fend Mechthild , Germann Jennifer , Hyde Melissa
Published: February 2025

Thinking Women and Art in the Long Eighteenth Century represents state-of-the-art feminist scholarship in the field of eighteenth-century French and British art and visual culture. Topics range from women and their activities in art and science, to gendered representations of childhood and animals to fashion, femininity and temporality. Some chapters center on individual genres like hunting portraits, or on specific paintings, such as David Martin's Portrait of Dido Elizabeth Belle and Lady Elizabeth Murray (ca. 1780) or Marie Guillemine Benoist's Portrait of a Young Black Woman (Madeleine) (1800). Others make contributions on the work of familiar actors like Jean-Siméon Chardin or élisabeth Louise Vigée Le Brun. The volume also brings to the fore lesser-known figures including Marie-Thérèse Reboul, Madeleine Basseporte, Marguerite Le Comte, and Gabrielle Capet. Written by eleven distinguished (art) historians, the assembled essays engage with and honor the work of the late Mary D. Sheriff, whose unpublished chapter on women artists’ self-portraiture opens the book.