bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges in Using Automated Decision-Making in Public Administration in Indonesia
Authors: Puspitasari Kusuma Dewi , Wiryantiningsih Endang
Published: May 2022

President Jokowi’s program to downsize Echelons III and IV aimed to reduce the range of decision-making in the Government. Jokowi also hopes to use artificial intelligence (AI) systems to support and accelerate the state civil apparatus in carrying out their administrative duties, especially decision-making. AI can be used for speedy decisionmaking in the form of automated or algorithmically driven decision-making. However, Law number 30 of 2014 concerning Government administration only accommodates Government agencies and officials in making decisions or actions. Moreover, decisionmaking in public administration should comply with the general principles of good governance, be free from conflicts of interest, and is subject to administrative effort. This paper examined the challenges in automated decision-making in public administration. A normative judicial approach was used. The results showed that AI, especially algorithmically driven decision-making, should be designed to make fair, transparent, and reasonable decisions. The Government should also implement AI in ways that comply with good administration standards. AI application in public administration will require a fundamental change in the Government administration law. Therefore, it is necessary to amend Law number 30 of 2014 to grant limited authority around decisions or actions to be performed by AI.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, automated decision-making, public administration, government administration law
Contextual Bureaucratic Reform in the Recruitment System of the State Civil Apparatus of Indonesia
Authors: Vincent Simandjorang Bonataon Maruli Timothy , Kurniawan Andhi
Published: May 2022

Bureaucratic reform is important for achieving the vision of a sovereign, advanced, equitable and prosperous Indonesia in preparation for the centennial celebration of Indonesia’s independence in 2045. Improvement of public services within the framework of bureaucratic reform can be initiated with a good procurement or recruitment system for the state civil apparatus (ASN). Computer assisted tests were implementated in 2013, and the recruitment of prospective civil servants is increasingly fair, transparent and effective in attracting good quality candidates in line with the needs of the organization. However, ASN recruitment still encounters a number of problems ranging from formation, infrastructure and types of tests to the lack of interest from the diaspora community, persons with disabilities and other talented professionals to join and serve their country as civil servants. These weaknesses and constraints need to be solved immediately to capture the nation’s best talents for the achievement of the Indonesia Vision 2045 agenda. This study aimed to carry out a comprehensive evaluation of ASN recruitment policies and develop policy recommendations for the recruitment of civil servants. A qualitative approach was used, and data were collected through a literature search and in-depth interviews. The findings can be used as a reference to support world-class bureaucracy in Indonesia.
Keywords: recruitment system, civil servants, bureaucratic reform
The Children Left Behind: The Need for Public Policies to Meet the Needs of Children Orphaned by COVID-19
Authors: Tendriana Gine , Yuliani Vani Pravita
Published: May 2022

COVID-19 has had a huge impact on the social, cultural, economic, education, tourism, trade and other sectors in Indonesia. Of all of these, health and humanitarian issues are those most highlighted. This research involved a literature search of books, journal articles and manuscripts of government regulations. Discussing the death rate from COVID-19 is not only a question of how many people have lost their lives in Indonesia due to contracting the disease, but also of the conditions and survival of the families left behind, especially children who have lost their parents due to COVID-19. The psychological aspects of the families of COVID-19 victims have often been neglected. As yet, the Government still largely focuses on the sick or dead and has not paid much attention to the bereaved families, especially children, who are in dire need of assistance. In Indonesia, there are 11,045 children who have become orphans, fatherless, or motherless because their parents or caregivers died due to COVID-19.1 This raises concerns regarding how their clothing, food and shelter needs can be met, along with their needs related to the rights to education, physical and psychological health, and security and safety. Therefore, procedures, coordination, schemes for protecting children’s rights, and mitigation actions involving public policies must notice and meet the needs of children who have lost their parents due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: COVID-19, children, assistance, public policy
Policy Change: Refocusing Local Government Budgets in Response to Covid-19
Authors: Setyoko Paulus Israwan , Wijaya Shadu Satwika
Published: May 2022

The pandemic has led to changes in governance and public policy at the central government and local government levels. There are challenges associated with changing public policy in the fiscal policy sector. Local governments are required to carry out budget refocusing of local revenue and expenditure budgets to support activities to deal with the pandemic. This article aimed to describe policy changes of refocusing budgets and identify their determinants from the perspective of public policy studies. In the study of public policy, the opening of a policy window can determine the direction of policy changes in the policy agenda. To be able to open a policy window, mutual agreement and common interest are needed between problem streams, political streams and policy streams. The results of this study demonstrated that policy changes have occurred by refocusing the budget, due to the opening of the policy window, where interests among various streams were equalized.
Keywords: budget refocusing, fiscal policy, local autonomy, policy change, public finance
The Strategy of a Tourism Office in Facing Refocusing and Budget Reallocation
Authors: Saeni Asrini A. , Pande Jenica Sampe , Ibrahim Erni Cahyani , Anwar Ahsan
Published: May 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic is not only a health problem but has also affected the economy. Economic growth has contracted so it has been necessary for the Indonesian Government to make program adjustments and reallocate the budget to anticipate further impacts. The tourism sector has been a center of attention of refocusing and reallocation of budgets because it is not a primary focus in dealing with Covid-19. This study sought to reveal the strategy of the Tourism Office of Maros Regency to deal with the refocusing and reallocation set by the Central Government in the context of dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic. The results revealed that budget refocusing and reallocation were carried out as an effort to better cope with Covid-19 by focusing on health, social safety nets, and mitigating economic impacts. For programs that are considered pillars of tourism, the Tourism Office only changed the volume of activities so that tourism activities could continue to run. The Tourism Office tried to remain consistent with the existing tourism planning to achieve the tourism targets that had been previously determined. Tourism planning is also a requirement for the Tourism Office to obtain Special Allocation Funds from the Ministry of Tourism, both physical and non-physical. This is one of the budget sources that has made tourism activities in Maros Regency continue to thrive during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Keywords: strategy, tourism office, Covid-19, refocusing, reallocation
Infrastructural Readiness of Public Sector Talent Management in the Provincial Governments of South and Central Sulawesi
Authors: Maulida St. Nurhikma , Musdalifah Musdalifah
Published: May 2022

This study of the readiness of public sector talent management infrastructure aimed to assess local government readiness for public sector talent management implementation, with a focus on provincial governments in South and Central Sulawesi. A qualitative approach was employed using a case study. Data were collected from the regional civil service agencies of the provincial governments of South and Central Sulawesi, using interviews and document analysis. According to the findings, provincial governments had prepared infrastructural support as part of public sector talent management implementation, including job mapping, talent profiles, assessment centers, competence tests, job competence standards, performance evaluation standards, career pattern human resource databases, talent management information systems, and funding. The previous implementation of a merit system policy boosted capital in assisting talent management implementation. Several issues hampered the implementation of talent management, including a lack of socialization about technical guidance for talent management, limited funding, policy overlap regarding civil service management, and a mismatch in the number of assessment centers and competence test assessors not being proportional to the number of employees in provincial governments.
Keywords: talent, talent management, merit system
Reform of Human Resources Management Through Merit System at West Java Regional Personnel Agency
Authors: Sampe Valentin Laura , Rasdiyanti Andi , Herdayani Darsim Sitti Khadijah
Published: May 2022

West Java was ranked first in a merit system evaluation by the State Civil Apparatus Commission in 2020. West Java also won the Meritrocation Award 2020 with a score of 375, up 198 points from the previous year. The purpose of this research was to find out how the Province of West Java was able to reform its human resource management system by implementing a merit-based system. A descriptive qualitative approach was used. The primary data for this study were collected through interviews with career officials from West Java Province’s Regional Personnel Agency (BKD). Documents and personal observations were used to gather secondary data. According to the findings, the Province of West Java has done an excellent job of reforming the human resource management system by implementing a merit system through the BKD. The use of all-encompassing and integrated information and technology was one of two key factors in the successful implementation of meritocracy, the second of which was the importance of high officials.
Keywords: merit system, public civil servant, West Java Regional Personnel Agency
Constructing Digital Public Service Democracy in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia
Authors: Herwanto Trisno Sakti
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this paper was to reconstruct the practice of digital-based public service democracy, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is commonly assumed that service democracy places a high value on users and citizens. Furthermore, in the context of public services, democracy should be directed at the public, which includes all stakeholders with an interest in and a role in service delivery. This paper examined the findings of two previous research studies on digital public services in the era before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, based on this understanding. According to the findings of the analysis, the current digital public service democracy is still more focused on service users than on other stakeholders. A solution is proposed in the form of strengthening public service providers’ human resources capacity as one of the keys to the success of digital public service democracy. Internalizing public service motivation, ethics, and culture must become a basic competency for civil servants providing digital services. Thus, digital public service democracy requires a greater focus on the role of each stakeholder.
Keywords: digital public service democracy, digital services, COVID-19 pandemic
Job Data Formulation Analysis in the Research and Development Agency of East Java
Authors: Putri Alvionita Fitria , Rosdiana Weni , Karimah Arzetya Fitri Al
Published: May 2022

The Job Analysis program is used to gather data in a systematic manner and make decisions about all relevant information for a particular job. The aim of this research was to examine how Job Analysis has been used in the East Java Province Research and Development Agency’s Personnel Management Team. This article was written in a descriptive style with a qualitative perspective. The number of human resources activities was calculated using the Job Analysis results. Due to a lack of staff management positions, the absence of a Job Analysis Implementation Team, and an incomplete Job Analysis Form that had not been updated to comply with current regulations, the study’s findings demonstrated that the Job Analysis implementation process was not completed correctly. The authors used Permenpan No. 1 of 2020 as a guideline to compile information on the position of personnel manager. Based on this, the authors recommend that the Sub Division of Administration in Balitbang Province East Java hire one personnel manager, in addition to re-conducting Job Analysis activities using PerMenPANB no. 1 of 2020 as a guideline to ensure that future Job Analysis data is neatly and comprehensively structured.
Keywords: Job Analysis, human resources staff
The Economic Prospects of the Chicken Slaughterhouse Industry in Residential Environments
Authors: Rajab Ridwan , Rivai Firman Hadi , Suhartono Bambang
Published: May 2022

The activity of the chicken slaughterhouse industry has a significant impact on the community’s socioeconomic conditions; and various changes in economic activity have opened up opportunities for the community’s industrial businesses to grow, particularly in the livestock sector. The growth of community economic activities in the livestock sector, particularly in the chicken slaughterhouse industry as a home industry with a business location in a residential area, has created its own set of challenges. The purpose of this study was to describe community perceptions, collaboration among poultry industry stakeholders, and Government policies regarding the presence of a chicken slaughterhouse home industry in the middle of a residential neighborhood in the context of local community economic development. The study was carried out using qualitative descriptive methods. Interviews, focus groups, observations, and documentation analysis were used to gather information and the inductive approach was used to analyze the data. The researchers gathered data on citizens, businesses, and Government perceptions. The study’s research locus was Makassar City’s chicken slaughterhouse industry, with Serang City and Bogor City serving as comparison loci. The findings revealed that the residential chicken slaughterhouse industry is a traditional micro-scale operation. These businesses have both advantages and disadvantages because, on the one hand, they have the potential to cause environmental and health problems, but as a local business, they also have the potential to support the local economy. It was found that the development of the chicken slaughterhouse home industry has resulted in numerous positive benefits for the community, both economically and socially, such that the positive impacts outweigh the negative impacts. According to the findings, the Government should develop a policy that protects residents’ business activities while minimizing their negative impact. It is critical for the Government to return to reviewing licensing policies and community empowerment, especially given the Government’s difficulties in implementing economic recovery for the community, particularly in dealing with unemployment and other social issues.
Keywords: chicken slaughterhouse home industry, local community economy, local government policies
Stakeholder Collaboration in Developing Sustainable Ecotourism in Badung
Authors: Hamka . , Koesponco Eddy , Anita . , Cahyaningrum Sri , Yusuf Muhammad
Published: May 2022

The main challenge in developing sustainable ecotourism in Indonesia is to maintain a balance of economic, socio-cultural, and environmental development. The emergence of problems in tourism development is due to the direction of policies that prioritize the economic aspect so that it has an impact on the destruction of environmental ecosystems and the erosion of local wisdom and culture. This study aims to assess stakeholder collaboration in developing sustainable ecotourism in Badung Regency, Bali Province. The research approach used is a qualitative and exploratory research design where the data are sourced from in-depth interviews, FGDs, and secondary data. The research paradigm adheres to a constructivist view, data analysis is inductive. The findings of this study indicate that there are initiatives from the government to support the private sector, the community, and environmental conservation although it is not yet optimal. The varied types of relationships among stakeholders still leave a lack of understanding in building mutual trust and interdependence. For this reason, it is necessary for the commitment of stakeholders, especially the government in the form of providing financial, coaching, and administrative support so that cooperation continues to be strengthened so that it can gradually improve collaboration and reduce community dependence on the government and encourage business independence without neglecting socio-cultural interests and environmental preservation. Further studies are needed to understand strategies that can drive appropriate initiatives that impact stakeholder understanding, mutual trust, and self-reliance of the private sector and local communities to develop sustainable ecotourism.
Keywords: collaboration, stakeholder, sustainable ecotourism
Public Manager Leadership Model Compatible with Millennials
Authors: Chairunisa Frida , Tonapa Jessica Fransisca
Published: May 2022

Millennials are increasingly more prominent in government bureaucracy. Recent public service recruitment has led to an increase of 24% in the number of Generation Y employees in the public service force. These new generations are exposed to a bureaucratic culture that is peculiar to their own character which favors flexibility in terms of working time and venue, as well as being technologically savvy. On the contrary, public service leaders are generally from Generation X and have a leadership style which is at odds with the millennial work culture, resulting in a generation gap. This study, therefore, attempted to explore a leadership model which is compatible with millennials. The study employed a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected using participant observation and interviews with informants representing millennials. The study proposed four aspects that millennials require from a leader. First, millennials prefer their superiors as coaches who support them in finding solutions to their problems rather than as managers. Second, millennials prefer collaborating in carrying out their tasks. Third, they expect their superiors to be fair and objective in assessing their performance. Lastly, millennials need their supervisors to motivate them.
Keywords: leadership model, millennial generation, digitalization and automation
Sadru’l-İslâm Döneminde Hulefâ-yi Râşidîn Tevkî‘leri: Analitik Bir Çalışma
Authors: KADDUM Mahmud
Published: May 2022

Bu araştırma, Râşit halifeler Hz. Ebubekir (öl. 13/634), Hz. Ömer (öl. 23/644), Hz. Osman (öl. 35/656) ve Hz. Ali’nin (öl. 40/661) tevki‘ örneklerindeki delalet ve metinsel bağlamları, bununla birlikte söz konusu tevkî’lerin genel bağlamlarını incelemekte ve bu tevki‘ örneklerini otorite, fesahat (belagat) ve adalet vasıflarına sahip olan göndericileriyle ilişkilendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu tevki‘ metinlerinin alıcı tarafından metne herhangi bir ekleme veya metinden herhangi bir azaltma yapılmaksızın tam bir zarafet içerisinde; farkındalık, önsezi ve sorumlulukla ele alınması gerekmektedir. Araştırma, tevki‘in üretim sahasını ele almakta ve bununla birlikte bu metinlerin içerdiği tefsir ve istişhatlar yönünden ifade şekillerini incelemektedir. Bu özelliklerinin yanı sıra araştırma, ifadelerini dile dökmek ve içerdiği belagat vecihleri ile metinsel farklılıklarını ortaya koymak amacıyla belirli bir risaleyi ifade eden tevki‘ metinlerine başvurmuştur. Araştırma neticesinde Râşit halifelerin tevki‘ metinlerini, söz konusu metinlerin bağlamları ve üretim sahalarıyla uyumlu olacak şekilde; bilgelik, ikna, îcâz, telkin, yoğunlaşma, açık fikirlilik ve kapalılıktan kaçınma gibi vasıflarla ve bir hedefe uygun olarak kaleme aldıkları görülmüştür. Araştırma neticesinde tevkî’lerin manaya odaklanma ve yoğunlaşma şeklinde bir kalıp etrafında dönen, süzülmüş güzel lafızlara ve lafzın açıklığı ve mananın edebî yönünü cem eden üretken ve canlı bir dil meydana getirme noktasında ilham kaynağı niteliğindeki kelimelere dayanan ve böylece mesel konumuna giren faydalı cümleler olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Halifeler tevkî‘ metinlerini, söz konusu metinlerin bağlamları ve üretim sahalarıyla uyumlu olacak şekilde; bilgelik, ikna, îcâz, telkin, yoğunlaşma, açık fikirlilik ve kapalılıktan kaçınmayla birlikte bir hedefe uygun olarak oluşturdukları görülmüştür. Bu şekilde de onlar, birçok siyasi ve toplumsal meseleyi çözme noktasında bu tevkîleri belli bir hedef doğrultusunda kullanmışlardır.
Constructing the Field
Authors: Coleman Simon
Published: May 2022

This chapter explores how pilgrimage can be constructed as a field of ethnographic study and discusses the work of scholars such as Hillary Kaell, Thomas Tweed, Surinder Bhardwaj, Ann Gold, and Jill Dubisch. It argues for the dangers of analyzing sites divorced from their immediate contexts, but also from each other, as pilgrims often travel between sites and make connections between them. Study of pilgrimage is shown to operate at multiple scales, and to lend itself to multi-sited approaches. The chapter shows that salient characteristics of pilgrimage include, though are not confined to, sacralized space, solemn vows, foundational and other narratives (oral or written), marked movement of people and material culture, connections between institutions and activities, and the possibility of transformation.
Frictional Energies
Authors: Coleman Simon
Published: May 2022

This chapter explores one of the main anthropological critiques of the Turners’ work, John Eade and Michael Sallnow’s presentation of pilgrimage as a form of contesting the sacred. It demonstrates the contrasts but also the parallels between the communitas and contestation approaches and argues that both are limited by their particular focus on activities in and around sacred shrines. Contestation as an analytical concept is shown to be underdetermined, and the chapter explores how diversity at shrines can be understood more fully through understanding the complex choreographies of shrines movements, as discussed by Glenn Bowman, alongside the frictional but culturally productive encounters between participants in pilgrimage. I draw on classic ethnography beyond pilgrimage studies, including the work of Maurice Bloch and Anna Tsing, but also the work of cultural theorist Stuart Hall on ideas of articulation.
Introduction
Authors: Chung Soojin
Published: May 2022

The Introduction provides historical context by placing the East Asian transnational adoption movement in the context of post-war America. It covers the history of American family, anti-Asian racism in America, and U.S. adoption from East Asia. It also gives definitions of key terms such as evangelicalism and ecumenism.
The Civil Rights Movement Credential
Authors: Edwards Korie Little , Oyakawa Michelle
Published: May 2022

Black religious leaders in Ohio contributed to a historic black voter turnout in 2012. However, as far as the people in our study knew, black religious leaders in the state had not participated in any mobilization that went beyond the local level for any issue within recent years, except voter mobilization. But why? We propose that the structure of the leader network was in part organized around a role we call principal leader. The principal leaders had the influence to initiate and then sustain broad mobilization efforts among fellow leaders. It was leaders who could claim civil rights movement credentials who were eligible to be a principal leader.
Conclusion
Authors: Whelehan Niall
Published: May 2022

The radicalism and the internationalism of the Land War had a mixed legacy among the revolutionary generation of the early twentieth century, reflected in some of the early histories of the period. In 1908, Francis Sheehy Skeffington published a study of Michael Davitt, who had died in 1906, which included a long section on the Land War. Too young to directly remember the agitation himself, Sheehy Skeffington portrayed the Land War as a turning point in which the Land League left behind the “Nationalists of the old school” and embraced “sentiments of international brotherhood.” He likened the agitation to a “war of classes” that “sprang from a deeper and more vital principle of human nature than the war of nations.”...
Drug Dealers
Authors: Farber David
Published: May 2022

The War on Drugs has above all targeted drug traffickers. For decades, drug dealers have been vilified, arrested, and imprisoned. Yet their numbers remain relatively stable. While authorities wage their wars on crack cocaine, heroin, and marijuana, at least some people, and not just drug users, support their neighborhood dealers. The drug dealer is a complicated figure in American society, envisioned through the prism of race, class, and conflicting cultural beliefs.
The Local War on Drugs
Authors: Pihos Peter C.
Published: May 2022

“The Local War on Drugs” examines how the Chicago Police Department and other law enforcement institutions and actors have managed illicit drug use since the Second World War. Until the late 1980s, drug-related arrests were only loosely connected to lengthy prison terms. Local institutions had to create punitive capacity and greater coordination in order to produce the mass incarceration of Black Chicagoans for illicit drug-related crimes. Amid conditions in which the Black poor and working class was excluded from the labor market and pushed into neighborhoods of concentrated poverty, white advocates of law and order and Black liberals seeking nuanced solutions to serious violence produced a war on gangs and drugs in the 1980s that became a critical mode for governing the city.
Between the Free Market and the Drug War
Authors: Herzberg David
Published: May 2022

This chapter explores a little-noticed aspect of American drug policy during the 1970s: a push for consumer protection in an era remembered primarily for its War on Drugs. The Controlled Substances Act of 1970 was not (just) a drug-war law. It was also designed to give regulators the power to rein in the overpromotion of sedatives and stimulants by the pharmaceutical industry and to reform medical practices warped by that overpromotion. Its passage was driven, in part, by consumer advocates who used anti-drug rhetoric to build the political coalitions needed to pass, and then to enforce, new controls on economically and politically powerful industries and professions. It was not a prohibition law; instead, its robust regulation reduced risks in markets for pharmaceutical sedatives and stimulants that remained large—a remarkable success when compared to the catastrophic failure of the twentieth century’s punitive prohibition policies. The racism built into anti-drug rhetoric limited and ultimately doomed this experiment in drug-policy pragmatism. But it still worth studying as a rare and largely forgotten example of an effort to govern addictive drugs that was separated, at least partially, from the racialized moral crusades to which such efforts have so consistently and destructively been harnessed.
What Is OCD?
Authors: Fennel Dana
Published: May 2022

Part I provides readers with a basic understanding of how OCD has been conceptualized and treated. Chapter 1 reviews how “obsessions” and “compulsions” have been viewed historically until the present day. It reveals gaps between professional conceptualizations of the disorder and public stereotypes, including how the latter facilitate trivialization. The chapter also provides a detailed discussion of what symptoms would lead to diagnosis. Overall, this chapter provides the reader with context for later chapters, including why many people with OCD do not immediately self-diagnose themselves with the disorder or seek professional help.
Treatments, Old and New
Authors: Fennel Dana
Published: May 2022

Chapter 3 provides an overview of current and past treatments for OCD. It delves into detail on theories about the nature of OCD and how these theories shape available treatments. It provides core information on their effectiveness. The chapter covers psychoanalytic approaches, medications, cognitive therapies, behavioral therapies, and neurosurgical procedures. It incorporates a discussion of complementary and alternative approaches such as mindfulness, as well as research on the effectiveness of nutritional supplements. Chapter 3 focuses on extant research in order to provide important contextual information for future chapters that detail interviewees’ experiences with particular treatments (notably chapter 6).
Is It Me or Is There a Problem?
Authors: Fennel Dana
Published: May 2022

Part II traces the trajectory of people’s experiences from first perceiving they had a problem, to labeling it OCD, to seeking help, and learning to live with the disorder. This is the illness “career.” Chapter 4 focuses on the pre-OCD experience, or the first stage of the OCD “career.” This stage depicts what life was like for people before they realized they had a mental disorder. The central question for people was, “Am I experiencing thoughts, urges, and behaviors that are ‘normal’ or not?” The chapter shows how we have to consider people within social contexts, examining the behavior of those around them to evaluate themselves, and using their existing knowledge to ascribe meaning. It discusses the factors that pushed people to perceive their thoughts and/or behaviors as atypical. They did not always define what they were experiencing as negative, but eventually all but one interviewee perceived some of their thoughts or behaviors as problematic. They commonly hid what they were experiencing from others and struggled to explain these thoughts and behaviors; the meanings and causes they gave to them included religious explanations and believing it was just them, an aspect of their personality or self.
Stigma and Trivialization
Authors: Fennel Dana
Published: May 2022

Chapter 5 tackles the next stage of the OCD “career,” more specifically, the shift from interviewees’ perceiving themselves as having a personality issue, spiritual problem, or some other type of difficulty to believing they a have mental disorder called “OCD.” Sometimes years passed between interviewees deciding they had a “problem” and their arriving at this label. Many happened upon information about OCD that led them to conclude they had the disorder, and some diagnosed themselves. This is partly the result of lack of information about OCD, including among healthcare professionals. This chapter reiterates how diagnosis is a double-edged sword, giving people with OCD an explanation for their thoughts and behaviors, but also labeling them with a disorder. Public perceptions of the disorder are now personal. The chapter uses the concept of stigma hierarchy to illustrate how all disorders are not perceived equally by the public. Because OCD is both stigmatized and trivialized, the chapter presents survey data from undergraduates to show how improving the public’s mental health literacy regarding OCD is tricky. Showing the public the potentially serious nature of the disorder may reduce trivialization but may inadvertently increase misunderstanding and stigma.
The Power of Knowledge
Authors: Fennel Dana
Published: May 2022

Roadblocks to treatment include the lack of knowledgeable, accessible, and affordable care for OCD. While there was not always much people could do to address the cost of help, this chapter considers how people used information, experience, and social networks as resources (i.e., social and cultural capital). Information and experience were used by interviewees to create self-treatment plans and maneuver within the healthcare system; this included advocating for what they wanted out of the treatment experience and in provider-client relationships. We live in a social context where information is increasingly accessible, the expertise of healthcare professionals has come under fire, “patients” have become more active and knowledgeable consumers, and providers are using technology such as apps to treat people with OCD. The chapter demonstrates how social networks were used by interviewees to connect with others who had OCD, regularly reinforcing contemporary medical/psychological views of the disorder. People need to be savvy consumers of information, and this chapter incorporates difficulties and downsides in the search for information and social support.
Life Goes On
Authors: Fennel Dana
Published: May 2022

Chapter 8 is about learning to live with OCD and how people’s sense of themselves evolved over time. This includes the theme of chronicity. Even when people’s OCD was in remission, sometimes they stayed vigilant in case it returned, or they monitored their children’s behaviors for signs of obsessions and/or compulsions. The chapter addresses the ways in which people with OCD saw themselves as sharing a common OCD identity, how they managed social interactions, and ultimately how they wanted to be treated by others in society. They did experience stigma but not as much as they feared and anticipated. They commonly sought understanding and, all told, received quite a bit of warmth and support from others. Social movements organized by those with disabilities and mental health survivors exist, but the perspectives of those interviewed for this book sometimes distanced them from these movements. Nonetheless, over time, some people came to metaphorically conceptualize the OCD in less antagonistic ways.
Przemiany przestrzenno-funkcjonalne małych miast po 20 latach transformacji
Authors: Zaniewska Hanka
Published: May 2022

Autorka swoją pracę poświęciła omówieniu wpływowi transformacji społeczno-gospodarczej na rozwój najmniejszych polskich miast. Miasta owe, zwane miasteczkami, straciły na przestrzeni lat funkcje rolnicze na rzecz przemysłu, obsługi rolnictwa i ludności. Potrzebę poszukiwania nowych aktywności wymusił również fakt likwidacji zakładów pracy. Autorka przeprowadziła swoje badania w oparciu o 19 miast z klasy do 5 tys. mieszkańców. Obejmują one województwa: dolnośląskie, wielkopolskie, mazowieckie, podlaskie oraz pojedyncze przykłady z województw łódzkiego, zachodniopomorskiego i małopolskiego. Dobór miejscowości miał na celu pokazanie podatności miasteczek położonych na różnych obszarach na transformację społeczno-gospodarczą polskiej przestrzeni i ukazanie pozytywnych i negatywnych przejawów przemian.
Livestock in Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh: An Analysis for Some Policy Implications
Authors: Bardhan D. , Singh S.R.K. , Raut A.A. , Athare T.R.
Published: May 2022

Background: For formulating appropriate policies for development of livestock sector, it is necessary to assess the trends and dynamics of livestock population in the two states. In this study, we assessed the dynamics of livestock population in two central states of India, viz. Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh during the period 2003-2019. Methods: The study is based on secondary data, sourced from various Government of India publications. The analytical tools comprised of simple descriptive statistics and fitting exponential trend equations. Result: We found temporal variations in shares of different species to total livestock population. While population of cattle declined in Madhya Pradesh, the same registered a minor increase in Chhattisgarh. The reverse situation was observed in case of buffaloes. Within small ruminant population, importance of goats has increased compared to sheep. Rural livelihood dependency is highest on cattle in both the states. Economic dependence on sheep and pig is more in Chhattisgarh than Madhya Pradesh. The critical inputs and services availability and infrastructure for animal health care were also assessed at the respective state levels. Some policy suggestions have been given based on the findings of the study on leveraging the opportunities offered by livestock sector.
Co-Occurring Obsessive-Compulsive and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Review of Conceptualization, Assessment, and Cognitive Behavioral Treatment
Authors: Pinciotti Caitlin M. , Fontenelle Leonardo F. , Van Kirk Nathaniel , Riemann Bradley C.
Published: May 2022

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) co-occurs with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) nearly 25% of the time, and rates of co-occurring OCD within PTSD populations are even higher. Several studies examining the impact of co-occurring OCD and PTSD with suggest attenuated treatment response, yet findings regarding symptom presentation in this population are mixed. Given phenotypic, functional, and sometimes etiological overlap in OCD and PTSD, differential diagnosis and specialized treatment can be a complex yet important undertaking. This paper reviews the current literature on co-occurring OCD and PTSD; describes the theoretical conceptualization for the intersection of OCD and PTSD; offers recommendations for differential assessment and cognitive behavioral treatment; and provides directions for future research on co-occurring OCD and PTSD.
Fearful Temperament, Catastrophizing, and Internalizing Symptoms in Clinically Anxious Youth
Authors: Conroy Busch Haley E. , Viana Andres G. , Raines Elizabeth M. , Trent Erika S. , Zvolensky Michael J. , Storch Eric A.
Published: May 2022

A fearful temperament in childhood is associated with child internalizing symptoms. However, the cognitive mechanisms explaining this association are poorly understood. We examined the effects of child fearful temperament on child internalizing symptoms and the underlying role of catastrophizing cognitions among clinically anxious youth. Children (N= 105;Mage= 10.09 years,SD= 1.22; 56.7% female; 62% ethnic minority) completed a diagnostic interview; self-report measures of temperament, catastrophizing, and internalizing symptoms; and behaviorally-indexed measures of catastrophizing and anxiety. Indirect effects were found for child fearful temperament on child self-reported internalizing symptoms by way of self-reported (but not behaviorally-indexed) catastrophizing cognitions. Models predictingbehaviorally-indexedchild anxiety were not significant. Our findings suggest that targeting fearful temperament during childhood before catastrophizing cognitions develop may have clinical utility. Likewise, among children temperamentally at-risk, addressing catastrophic cognitions may prevent later internalizing psychopathology.
Income, expenses and savings of the Russian population: trends and prospects. Materials of the VII International Scientific and Practical Conference (Moscow, November 30, 2021)
Authors:   Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population of the FCTAS RAS, Russian Federation, Yarashevа A.V.
Published: May 2022

В сборнике материалов VII Международной научно-практической конференции «Доходы, расходы и сбережения населения России: тенденции и перспективы», состоявшейся 30 ноября 2021 г. по инициативе Института социально-экономических проблем народонаселения ФНИСЦ РАН, представлены основные доклады участников конференции. Авторы сборника – известные российские и зарубежные ученые, исследующие поведенческую экономику, уровень и качество жизни населения, изменения в финансовом законодательстве, в налоговой и социальной политике, ситуацию в реальном секторе экономики, процессы и последствия пенсионной реформы, т.е., самые актуальные вопросы, напрямую связанные с тенденциями социально– экономического развития России. Материалы сборника представляют интерес для научных работников, государственных органов власти, преподавателей высших учебных заведений, аспирантов и студентов, изучающих проблемы экономического поведения, уровня и качества жизни населения, влияния институциональных условий на функционирование экономической и социальной сфер общества.
Inventory of Butterfly (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) at Agrotechno Park The University of Jember
Authors: Purwatiningsih P. , Anggreini Widyantari , Setiawan Rendy
Published: May 2022

The exploration of the butterfly on The University of Jember has been conducted. The objective of this study is to explore the diversity of butterfly on UPT Agrotechno Park The University of Jember. The research has been done during August to September 2020. Sampling was carried out by scanning methods in the fields with sweeping net. The results revealed the existence of 18 genus with four belonging to the families Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae, and Lycaenidae. Moreover 24 species had been identified namely Papilio sp. 1, Papilio sp. 2, Troides sp., Graphium sp., Appias sp., Catopsilia sp., Delias sp. 1, Delias sp. 2, Eurema sp.1, Eurema sp. 2, Leptosia sp., Euthalia sp. 1, Euthlia sp. 2, Dophla sp., Elymnias sp., Euploea sp. 1, Euploea sp. 2, Hypolimnas sp., Junonia sp. 1, Junonia sp 2, Discophora sp., Acraea sp., Zizina sp. dan Lampides sp. Butterflies use plants as host plants and food plants. High host plant diversity is directly proportional to the diversity of butterfly species. The UPT Agrotechnopark Universitas Jember has 1 hectare of land in which there are collections of fruit, vegetable, ornamental, medicinal and food plants. The high diversity of host and forage plants in the UPT Agrotechnopark is a good habitat for butterflies. However, identification to the species taxa are further needed.
Tumors due to chronic exposure to benzene and biomarkers of exposure
Authors: Alves Gilda , Nunes Rodolfo Acatauassú , Melo Karina , Ornellas Maria Helena Faria
Published: May 2022

Due to occupational activities, many people are exposed to carcinogenic airborne pollutants, such as benzene. Furthermore, benzene is also present in cigarette smoke. The main cancers associated with benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) are lung cancer and malignancies of the blood. At initial stages, lung cancer is often asymptomatic, but progression into metastasis is a huge clinical concern. We performed a review on possible biomarkers for monitoring increased genome instability and downregulation of the immune system in connection with overexposure to BTEX in a subgroup of workers being exposed to BTEX at Brazilian gas stations. The workers are subject to routine blood exams every semester; however, early genomic assessment is not routine. We evaluated available tests to be applied, including measuring benzene-derived metabolites in urine, determination of oxidative and inflammatory markers in blood, immunophenotypical profiling, micronucleus test, comet (single-cell gel electrophoresis) assay, (molecular) cytogenetics, chromosomal microarray, epigenetic-changes oriented tests, determination of mitochondrial (mt)DNA copy numbers, and studies on miRNA-level. However, no consensus was reached about their application and which test combination might be suited best.
Unconditional and conditional simulation of nonstationary and non-Gaussian vector and field with prescribed marginal and correlation by using iteratively matched correlation
Authors: Xiao M. Y. , Hong H. P.
Published: May 2022

In many probabilistic analysis problems, the homogeneous/nonhomogeneous non-Gaussian field is represented as a mapped Gaussian field based on the Nataf translation system. We propose a new sample-based iterative procedure to estimate the underlying Gaussian correlation for homogeneous/nonhomogeneous non-Gaussian vector or field. The numerical procedure takes advantage that the range of feasible correlation coefficients for non-Gaussian random variables is bounded if the translation system is adopted. The estimated underlying Gaussian correlation is then employed for unconditional as well as conditional simulation of the non-Gaussian vector or field according to the theory of the translation process. We then present the steps for augmenting the simulated non-Gaussian field through the Karhunen-Loeve expansion for a refined discretized grid of the field. In addition, the steps to extend the procedure described in the previous section to the multi-dimensional field are highlighted. The application of the proposed algorithms is presented through numerical examples.
ЗБАЛАНСОВАНИЙ РОЗВИТОК СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКОГО ЗЕМЛЕКОРИСТУВАННЯ ЯК МЕХАНІЗМ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЗЕМЕЛЬНИМИ РЕСУРСАМИ
Authors: Лазарєва О. В. , Кузнєцова М. Д.
Published: May 2022

Статтю присвячено розгляду умов формування збалансованого сільськогосподарського землекористування крізь призму впровадження дієвих механізмів управління земельними ресурсами. Теоретико-методологічною основою проведеного дослідження є фундаментальні положення економіки землекористування, загальнотеоретичні положення збалансованого розвитку сільськогосподарських земель. Для вирішення поставлених у роботі завдань використовувалися такі методи: абстрактно-логічний, аналізу і синтезу, аналогії та узагальнення. Розкрито сутність поняття «земельно-майновий комплекс». Акцентовано увагу на тому, що більшість проблем, які виникають у процесі організації збалансованого розвитку сільськогосподарського землекористування, визначаються недосконалістю еколого-економічних відносин у землекористуванні, а також ігноруванням екосистемних підходів до використання земельних ресурсів. Наголошено, що перехід до збалансованого сільськогосподарського землекористування забезпечить ефективне сільськогосподарське виробництво з одночасним урахуванням дії соціального, екологічного та економічного аспектів.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ КОРЕЛЯЦІЙНИХ ЗВ’ЯЗКІВ ФІНАНСОВО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ЛІСОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ У ЗАКАРПАТСЬКІЙ ОБЛАСТІ
Authors: Пугінська В. В. , Слава С. С.
Published: May 2022

Роботу присвячено вирішенню актуального завдання – пошуку чинників впливу на ефективність роботи лісогосподарських підприємств Закарпатської області. Проведено кореляційний аналіз зв’язку вибраних результуючих показників (чистий дохід, чистий прибуток та загальна рентабельність) з іншими показниками діяльності лісогосподарських підприємств для виявлення потенціалу розвитку лісового сектору краю загалом. За допомогою автоматичних обчислень отримано матрицю, яка показує щільність зв’язку між вибраними показниками та чинниками впливу. Виокремлено ключові чинники, з якими виявлено найщільніший кореляційний (кількісний) зв’язок. Результати аналізу дали змогу визначити причини такого впливу та можливі варіанти щодо забезпечення зростання вибраних результуючих показників діяльності підприємств. Отримані результати допоможуть керівникам у процесі планування та прийняття рішень, що, своєю чергою, зможе суттєво поліпшити кінцеві результати діяльності підприємств для забезпечення ефективного їх розвитку в майбутньому.