bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A link between maternal thyroid hormone and sexual orientation?
Authors: Mullen Jeffrey
Published: June 2016

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Cinderella indications for compression therapy
Authors: Mosti Giovanni , Partsch Hugo
Published: June 2016

Not available
Inflammation and compression: the state of art
Authors: Ligi Daniela , Croce Lidia , Mannello Ferdinando
Published: June 2016

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Compression in dermato-lymphangio-adenits
Authors: Macciò Alberto
Published: June 2016

Not available
Compression treatment following polytrauma and in endocrinopathies
Authors: Flour Mieke
Published: June 2016

Not available
Effects of compression on performance and regeneration
Authors: Lötzerich Helmut
Published: June 2016

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Adjustable topical compression foot wrap, is more effective than a dopamine agonist, ropinirole, in reducing the symptoms of moderate to severe restless leg syndrome
Authors: Bender Dean , Kuhn Phyllis J. , Olson Daniel J. , Sullivan John P.
Published: June 2016

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Doing mission inclusively
Authors: Reimer Johannes , Banda Zuze
Published: June 2016

This article posits that Christians, while being in the world, are not of this world. This duality confronts them with the twofold need to be fully compliant with the demands of their faith and its calling to evangelise this world, on the one hand; and to live fully as fellow citizens of this world, and to cooperate with them in search of solutions for this world’s challenges, on the other hand. Lessons are drawn from cultural anthropology theories to underscore dynamic processes of change, that start from non-threatening positions of working together inclusively, thus building trust, and advancing progressively, paving ways for dialogically sharing the Gospel. These developments are at the end argued and justified theologically, and then concluded with pragmatic examples drawn from live ministries born out of the co-author’s initiatives.Keywords: Evangelism; missions; cultural-anthropology; inclusiveness; change; trust; convivential; society-transformative
Added sugars drive chronic kidney disease and its consequences: A comprehensive review
Authors: DiNicolantonio James J. , Bhutani Jaikrit , O'Keefe James H.
Published: June 2016

The consumption of added sugars (e.g. sucrose [table sugar] and high-fructose corn syrup) over the last 200 years has increased exponentially and parallels the increased prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Data for animals and humans suggest that the consumption of added sugars leads to kidney damage and related metabolic derangements that increase cardiovascular risk. Importantly, the consumption of added sugars has been found to induce insulin resistance and increase uric acid in humans, both of which increase the conversion of glucose to fructose (i.e. fructogenesis) via the polyol pathway. The polyol pathway has recently been implicated in the contribution and progression of kidney damage, suggesting that even glucose can be toxic to the kidney via its endogenous transformation into fructose in the proximal tubule. Consuming added fructose has been shown to induce insulin resistance, which can lead to hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress, inflammation and the activation of the immune system, all of which can synergistically contribute to kidney damage. CKD guidelines should stress a reduction in the consumption of added sugars as a means to prevent and treat CKD as well as reduce CKD–related morbidity and mortality.
Samsa-masjien: ’n Uitsonderlike publikasie
Authors: Louw Salomi
Published: June 2016

No abstract available.
Literacy lessons learnt from parents in a community programme
Authors: Cozett Dawn , Condy Janet
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this study was to find out how parents can contribute to the early reading development of children in a Grade R class. The research was conducted in a low-income area in the Cape Flats. To gain a deeper understanding of the parents’ cultural values and aspirations when interacting with the Home-School Partnership Programme (HSPP) literacy programme, I elected to frame my study within the work of Paulo Freire, who argued that the purpose of education, at the time of his writing, was to make oppressed people passive. Qualitative data were gathered in a case study research design, utilising focus group interviews and semistructured questionnaire tools, as well as footage from a local broadcasting studio. The findings show that the parents, who were previously unable to assist their children with literacy skills at home, were keen to change and to be active partners in their children’s early literacy learning. This research is a descriptive example of how the home, the school and the community can collaborate in a meaningful and sustained way, especially in poverty-stricken areas where unemployment is rife.

Keywords: case study, Grade R, literacy, parents; Paulo Freire; poverty; qualitative
Inmigrantes y museos de ciencias en tiempo de crisis. Estudio preliminar en dos museos de Barcelona
Authors: Castellanos Pineda Patricia , Sprünker Cardó Janine , Munilla Cabrillana Gloria
Published: June 2016

El acceso al conocimiento genera desigualdades. El abismo que se produce entre los grupos alfabetizados científicamente y los que no, es susceptible de convertirse en causa de exclusión. En España, la relación entre los museos de ciencia y la población vulnerable, en este caso, la población inmigrante, ha sido poco trabajada, por lo que se busca contribuir a una línea consolidada en otros países. Metodología: El estudio utilizó encuestas en dos museos de ciencias de Barcelona para: conocer el perfil sociodemográfico, la relación que establece el público inmigrante con el museo y, sondear, la relación museo e identidad en dos museos de Barcelona. Resultados: Se comprobó que los visitantes se sienten cómodos en el museo, y encuentran elementos expositivos comunes entre su país y los del museo. En la interpretación de los resultados debe tenerse en cuenta que se trata de un estudio previo.
Re-thinking the validity of the past. Deconstructing what authenticity and integrity mean to the fruition of cultural heritage
Authors: García-Esparza Juan Antonio
Published: June 2016

There is a lively ongoing debate on Critical Heritage Studies and the Authorised Heritage Discourse, but quite a few authors have viewed the issue from a canonical perspective where the wider Cultural Built Heritage visual experience is assessed and valued in relation with authenticity and integrity. The terms static authenticity and dynamic authenticity appear in this text as dependent on heritage connectivity. Two main arguments are developed in this study. Firstly, a general overview of the context is proposed in order to understand the vernacular internationally. Secondly, the article offers an inside view intended to provide an accurate interpretation of how the vernacular is scrutinised and understood. A fundamental issue discussed in this paper is how cultural heritage is ruled, protected, enhanced, experienced and managed on different scales.
Variatie en verandering in constructies
Authors: Colleman Timothy , Van de Velde Freek
Published: June 2016

Variation and change in constructions: At the intersection of construction grammar and variational linguistics

This introductory paper outlines the different trends and movements that have in recent years led to a marked increase in the number of linguistic studies that combine a construction-based theoretical outlook on grammar with a dedicated interest in issues of synchronic and/or diachronic language variation. In addition, it gives an overview of the papers included in this thematic issue and links them with broader tendencies in the fields of cognitive linguistics and construction grammar.
Ethnolect speakers and Dutch partitive adjectival inflection
Authors: Pijpops Dirk , Van de Velde Freek
Published: June 2016

This study applies the methodology described by Gries & Deshors (2014) within the framework of the Contrastive Interlanguage Analysis (Granger, 1996) to the partitive genitive inflection in post-quantifier adjectives in the Moroccan Dutch ethnolect. This implies fitting a logistic regression model on data from the complementary ConDiv and Moroccorp corpora to investigate the differences between the L1 variety and the (early L2/2L1) ethnolect variety. It was found that the Moroccan Dutch language users do not differ from ‘ordinary’ Dutch language users in the realisation of the partitive genitive -s suffix, neither through an outspoken preference for one of the inflectional variants, nor in the factors determining the alternation. This is considered a rather surprising result, as such differences do exist for a number of other grammatical phenomena (Cornips and Rooij, 2003; Van de Velde and Weerman, 2014). This finding can tell us something about the inflectional status of the partitive genitive. It appears that it is less non-transparent than other quirks in adjectival inflection.
I’m queen of the world!
Authors: Zenner Eline , Geeraerts Dirk
Published: June 2016

This paper analyses English multi-word insertions found in a Dutch corpus of naturally occurring spoken conversation. Specifically, the corpus is based on manual morphophonological transcriptions of three seasons of the reality TV show Expeditie Robinson (known as ‘Survivor’ in the English-speaking world) and contains 10,000 utterances produced by 52 Belgian Dutch and Netherlandic Dutch speakers. Our analysis zooms in on all English insertions found in the data that contain more than one word, such as alive and kicking and you’re almost there (300 instances for 187 types). Three different diagnostic tests are presented that measure the degree of fixedness and conventionality of these multi-word insertions, namely lexicographical treatment, raw frequency and paradigmatic modifiability. Results reveal that the English multi-word inclusions are typically highly conventional fixed expressions, copied as a whole from English and inserted in Dutch much like traditional loanwords. Constructions containing open slots (e.g. NOUN of the day) and prototypical codeswitches (e.g. someone’s got to do all the work) are rare. These findings will be linked to the nature of the English-Dutch contact setting. Overall, our study contributes to research on contact-induced variation and change by paying attention to the use of foreign (semi-)fixed phrases and constructions, which form an interesting but often neglected grey-zone on the continuum from borrowing to codeswitching. Additionally, it opens up the restricted focus on monolingual contexts of early research on phraseology and Construction Grammar.
Mirrors Have a Modest Effect on Human Impulsivity
Authors: Shinohara Asami , Yamamoto Shinya
Published: June 2016

Human behavior is affected by various social cues. Studies have revealed that cues of being watched affect both social and non-social behavior. A subsequent question is whether one’s own image in a mirror has a noticeable effect on behavior and decision-making. Previous studies suggest that people behave in accordance with social desirability in the presence of mirrors; however, the “mirror effect” is still controversial and researchers know little about the mechanism. To further investigate this effect, the current study examined whether mirrors influence impulsivity, a feature that is closely related to decision-making in both social and non-social situations. Participants completed a delay-discounting task in a mirror condition and a no-mirror control condition. We found that relative to the control condition, participant impulsivity increased in the mirror condition. This outcome may have been triggered when the participants’ private self-awareness, contrary to public self-awareness, was activated by the mirrors. Thus, mirror-induced self-awareness might have influenced decision-making as a non-social cue in our experiment. Considering the inconsistent results among previous and present studies, the mirror effect might be influenced by the cultural difference or experimental setting. Further investigation is needed to identify how people change their behavior and which aspects of self-awareness are influenced by mirrors.
Multi-model dynamic climate emulator for solar geoengineering
Authors: MacMartin Douglas G. , Kravitz Ben
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Climate emulators trained on existing simulations can be used to project the climate effects that would result from different possible future pathways of anthropogenic forcing, without relying on general circulation model (GCM) simulations for every possible pathway. We extend this idea to include different amounts of solar geoengineering in addition to different pathways of green-house gas concentrations by training emulators from a multi-model ensemble of simulations from the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP). The emulator is trained on the abrupt 4 x CO2 and a compensating solar reduction simulation (G1), and evaluated by comparing predictions against a simulated 1 % per year CO2 increase and a similarly smaller solar reduction (G2). We find reasonable agreement in most models for predicting changes in temperature and precipitation (including regional effects), and annual-mean Northern hemisphere sea ice extent, with the difference between simulation and prediction typically smaller than natural variability. This verifies that the linearity assumption used in constructing the emulator is sufficient for these variables over the range of forcing considered. Annual-minimum Northern hemisphere sea ice extent is less-well predicted, indicating the limits of the linearity assumption. For future pathways involving relatively small forcing from solar geoengineering, the errors introduced from nonlinear effects may be smaller than the uncertainty due to natural variability, and the emulator prediction may be a more accurate estimate of the forced component of the models' response than an actual simulation would be.
Development of the Community Active Sensor Module (CASM): Forward Simulation
Authors: Johnson B. T. , Boukabara S. A.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Modern data assimilation frameworks require sophisticated physical and radiative models to guide assimilation and interpretation of satellite-based observations. To date, satellite-based infrared and passive microwave radiances, in various scenarios, are being assimilated operationally at multiple centers around the world (e.g., ECMWF, NOAA), however precipitating/cloudy radiances assimilation is still under development for most observation streams. Additionally, with the advent of space-based precipitation radars (e.g., TRMM, GPM, CloudSat), active microwave scatterometers (e.g., RapidScat), and radar altimeters (e.g., JASON), interest in directly assimilating satellite-based active microwave observations is increasing. This paper describes the development of the Community Active Sensor Module (CASM), which is designed to simulate active microwave sensor observations, consistent with current and future sensors. This paper presents the forward modeling component of CASM, providing a model description, key physical elements, and sensitivity to the various inputs and implicit / explicit assumptions. CASM is also evaluated against the the Global Precipitation Measurement Mission Dual-Frequency Precipitation Radar (GPM DPR) observations in both a targeted case study and a global, year-long analysis.
Exploring the potential of the RPA system SUMO for multipurpose boundary-layer missions during the BLLAST campaign
Authors: Reuder Joachim , Båserud Line , Jonassen Marius O. , Kral Stephan T. , Müller Martin
Published: June 2016

Abstract. In June and July 2011 the RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aircraft System) SUMO (Small Unmanned Meteorological Observer) performed a total number of 299 scientific flights during the BLLAST (Boundary Layer Late Afternoon and Sunset Turbulence) campaign in southern France. Three different types of missions were performed: vertical profiling of the mean meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity and wind), horizontal surveys of the surface temperature and horizontal transects for the estimation of turbulence. The manuscript provides an introduction to the corresponding SUMO operations, including regulatory issues and the coordination of manned and unmanned airborne operations for boundary-layer research that have been pioneered during the BLLAST campaign. The main purpose of the SUMO flight strategy was atmospheric profiling at high temporal resolution. A total of 168 profile flights were performed during the campaign with typically more than 10 flights per Intensive Observational Period (IOP) day. The collected data allow for a detailed study of boundary-layer structure and dynamics and will be used for further analysis, e.g. the determination of profiles of sensible and latent heat fluxes. First, tests of a corresponding method have shown very promising results and have provided surface-flux values in close agreement with those from ground-based eddy-covariance measurements. In addition, 74 horizontal surveys of the IR emission of the surface were performed at altitudes of around 65 m. Each of those surveys covers a typical area of around 1 km2 and allows for an estimation of the surface-temperature variability, important information for the assessment of the heterogeneity of the surface forcing as a function of soil and vegetation properties. The comparison with other surface-temperature measurements shows that the raw data of the airborne and ground observations can differ considerably, but that even a very simple multiple regression method can reduce those differences to a large degree. Finally, 49 flight missions for the measurement of velocity variance have been realized during the BLLAST campaign. For that, SUMO has been equipped with a 5-hole probe (5HP) sensor for the determination of the flow vector at 100 Hz. In particular, for this application there is still need for further improvement, both with respect to the aircraft and sensor hard- and software, and the algorithms and methods for data analysis and interpretation. Nevertheless, the SUMO operations during the BLLAST campaign have shown the vast potential of small and lightweight RPA systems with low infrastructural demand for atmospheric boundary-layer research.
Growing season CH4 and N2O fluxes from a sub-arctic landscape in northern Finland
Authors: Dinsmore Kerry J. , Drewer Julia , Levy Peter E. , George Charles , Lohila Annalea , Aurela Mika , Skiba Ute
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Subarctic and boreal emissions of CH4 are important contributors to the atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) balance and subsequently the global radiative forcing. Whilst N2O emissions may be lower, the much greater radiative forcing they produce justifies their inclusion in GHG studies. In addition to the quantification of flux magnitude, it is essential that we understand the drivers of emissions to be able to accurately predict climate-driven changes and potential feedback mechanisms. Hence this study aims to increase our understanding of what drives fluxes of CH4 and N2O in a subarctic forest/wetland landscape, exploring both spatial and temporal variability, and uses satellite derived spectral data to extrapolate from chamber scale fluxes to a 2 × 2 km landscape area. From static chamber measurements made during summer and autumn campaigns in 2012 in the Sodankylä region of Northern Finland, we concluded that wetlands represent a significant source of CH4 (3.35 ± 0.44 mg C m−2 h−1 during summer campaign and 0.62 ± 0.09 mg C m−2 h−1 during autumn campaign), whilst the surrounding forests represent a small sink (−0.06 ±
Multi-timescale data assimilation for atmosphere–ocean state estimates
Authors: Steiger Nathan , Hakim Gregory
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Paleoclimate proxy data span seasonal to millennial timescales, and Earth's climate system has both high- and low-frequency components. Yet it is currently unclear how best to incorporate multiple timescales of proxy data into a single reconstruction framework and to also capture both high- and low-frequency components of reconstructed variables. Here we present a data assimilation approach that can explicitly incorporate proxy data at arbitrary timescales. The principal advantage of using such an approach is that it allows much more proxy data to inform a climate reconstruction, though there can be additional benefits. Through a series of offline data-assimilation-based pseudoproxy experiments, we find that atmosphere–ocean states are most skillfully reconstructed by incorporating proxies across multiple timescales compared to using proxies at short (annual) or long (∼ decadal) timescales alone. Additionally, reconstructions that incorporate long-timescale pseudoproxies improve the low-frequency components of the reconstructions relative to using only high-resolution pseudoproxies. We argue that this is because time averaging high-resolution observations improves their covariance relationship with the slowly varying components of the coupled-climate system, which the data assimilation algorithm can exploit. These results are consistent across the climate models considered, despite the model variables having very different spectral characteristics. Our results also suggest that it may be possible to reconstruct features of the oceanic meridional overturning circulation based on atmospheric surface temperature proxies, though here we find such reconstructions lack spectral power over a broad range of frequencies.
Influence of Bulk Microphysics Schemes upon Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Version 3.6.1 Nor'easter Simulations
Authors: Nicholls Stephen D. , Decker Steven G. , Tao Wei-Kuo , Lang Stephen E. , Shi Jainn J. , Mohr Karen I.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. This study evaluated the impact of five, single- or double- moment bulk microphysics schemes (BMPS) on Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model (version 3.6.1) winter storm simulations. Model simulations were integrated for 180 hours, starting 72 hours prior to the first measurable precipitation in the highly populated Mid-Atlantic U.S. Simulated precipitation fields were well-matched to precipitation products. However, total accumulations tended to be over biased (1.10–2.10) and exhibited low-to-moderate threat scores (0.27–0.59). Non-frozen hydrometeor species from single-moment BMPS produced similar mixing ratio profiles and maximum saturation levels due to a common parameterization heritage. Greater variability occurred with frozen microphysical species due to varying assumptions among BMPSs regarding ice supersaturation amounts, the dry collection of snow by graupel, various ice collection efficiencies, snow and graupel density and size mappings/intercept parameters, and hydrometeor terminal velocities. The addition of double-moment rain and cloud water resulted in minimal change to species spatial extent or maximum saturation level, however rain mixing ratios tended higher. Although hydrometeor differences varied by up to an order of magnitude among the BMPSs, similarly large variability was not upscaled to mesoscale and synoptic scales.
NON-TRIVIAL FEATURE DERIVATION FOR INTENSIFYING FEATURE DETECTION USING LIDAR DATASETS THROUGH ALLOMETRIC AGGREGATION DATA ANALYSIS APPLYING DIFFUSED HIERARCHICAL CLUSTERING FOR DISCRIMINATING AGRICULTURAL LAND COVER IN PORTIONS OF NORTHERN MINDANAO, PHILIPPINES
Authors: Villar Ricardo G. , Pelayo Jigg L. , Mozo Ray Mari N. , Salig Jr. James B. , Bantugan Jojemar
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Leaning on the derived results conducted by Central Mindanao University Phil-LiDAR 2.B.11 Image Processing Component, the paper attempts to provides the application of the Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) derived products in arriving quality Landcover classification considering the theoretical approach of data analysis principles to minimize the common problems in image classification. These are misclassification of objects and the non-distinguishable interpretation of pixelated features that results to confusion of class objects due to their closely-related spectral resemblance, unbalance saturation of RGB information is a challenged at the same time. Only low density LiDAR point cloud data is exploited in the research denotes as 2 pts/m2 of accuracy which bring forth essential derived information such as textures and matrices (number of returns, intensity textures, nDSM, etc.) in the intention of pursuing the conditions for selection characteristic. A novel approach that takes gain of the idea of object-based image analysis and the principle of allometric relation of two or more observables which are aggregated for each acquisition of datasets for establishing a proportionality function for data-partioning. In separating two or more data sets in distinct regions in a feature space of distributions, non-trivial computations for fitting distribution were employed to formulate the ideal hyperplane. Achieving the distribution computations, allometric relations were evaluated and match with the necessary rotation, scaling and transformation techniques to find applicable border conditions. Thus, a customized hybrid feature was developed and embedded in every object class feature to be used as classifier with employed hierarchical clustering strategy for cross-examining and filtering features. This features are boost using machine learning algorithms as trainable sets of information for a more competent feature detection. The product classification in this investigation was compared to a classification based on conventional object-oriented approach promoting straight-forward functionalities of the software eCognition. A compelling rise of efficiency in the overall accuracy (74.4% to 93.4%) and kappa index of agreement (70.5% to 91.7%) is noticeable based on the initial process. Nevertheless, having low-dense LiDAR dataset could be enough in generating exponential increase of performance in accuracy.
ASSESSMENT OF CLASSIFICATION ACCURACIES OF SENTINEL-2 AND LANDSAT-8 DATA FOR LAND COVER / USE MAPPING
Authors: Topaloğlu Raziye Hale , Sertel Elif , Musaoğlu Nebiye
Published: June 2016

Abstract. This study aims to compare classification accuracies of land cover/use maps created from Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 data. Istanbul metropolitan city of Turkey, with a population of around 14 million, having different landscape characteristics was selected as study area. Water, forest, agricultural areas, grasslands, transport network, urban, airport- industrial units and barren land- mine land cover/use classes adapted from CORINE nomenclature were used as main land cover/use classes to identify. To fulfil the aims of this research, recently acquired dated 08/02/2016 Sentinel-2 and dated 22/02/2016 Landsat-8 images of Istanbul were obtained and image pre-processing steps like atmospheric and geometric correction were employed. Both Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 images were resampled to 30m pixel size after geometric correction and similar spectral bands for both satellites were selected to create a similar base for these multi-sensor data. Maximum Likelihood (MLC) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) supervised classification methods were applied to both data sets to accurately identify eight different land cover/ use classes. Error matrix was created using same reference points for Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 classifications. After the classification accuracy, results were compared to find out the best approach to create current land cover/use map of the region. The results of MLC and SVM classification methods were compared for both images.
MONITORING LAND USE DYNAMICS OF PERI-URBAN AGRICULTUTRE IN CENTRAL KENYA WITH RAPIDEYE SATELLITE IMAGERY
Authors: Willkomm M. , Dannenberg P.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The poster submitted to the ISPRS Congress 2016 in Prague illustrates the concept behind the research project in its initial stage. The project concerns recent dynamics of urban and peri-urban agriculture (PUA) in middle-size cities of central Kenya. On the date of submission, only general research ideas were presented due to the unavailability of remote sensing data at the early stage of the project.
MAPPING OF THE SEAGRASS COVER ALONG THE MEDITERRANEAN COAST OF TURKEY USING LANDSAT 8 OLI IMAGES
Authors: Bakirman T. , Gumusay M. U. , Tuney I.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Benthic habitat is defined as ecological environment where marine animals, plants and other organisms live in. Benthic habitat mapping is defined as plotting the distribution and extent of habitats to create a map with complete coverage of the seabed showing distinct boundaries separating adjacent habitats or the use of spatially continuous environmental data sets to represent and predict biological patterns on the seafloor. Seagrass is an essential endemic marine species that prevents coast erosion and regulates carbon dioxide absorption in both undersea and atmosphere. Fishing, mining, pollution and other human activities cause serious damage to seabed ecosystems and reduce benthic biodiversity. According to the latest studies, only 5–10% of the seafloor is mapped, therefore it is not possible to manage resources effectively, protect ecologically important areas. In this study, it is aimed to map seagrass cover using Landsat 8 OLI images in the northern part of Mediterranean coast of Turkey. After pre-processing (e.g. radiometric, atmospheric, water depth correction) of Landsat images, coverage maps are produced with supervised classification using in-situ data which are underwater photos and videos. Result maps and accuracy assessment are presented and discussed.
FEASIBILITY STUDY OF LANDSAT-8 IMAGERY FOR RETRIEVING SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE (CASE STUDY PERSIAN GULF)
Authors: Bayat F. , Hasanlou M.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Sea surface temperature (SST) is one of the critical parameters in marine meteorology and oceanography. The SST datasets are incorporated as conditions for ocean and atmosphere models. The SST needs to be investigated for various scientific phenomenon such as salinity, potential fishing zone, sea level rise, upwelling, eddies, cyclone predictions. On the other hands, high spatial resolution SST maps can illustrate eddies and sea surface currents. Also, near real time producing of SST map is suitable for weather forecasting and fishery applications. Therefore satellite remote sensing with wide coverage of data acquisition capability can use as real time tools for producing SST dataset. Satellite sensor such as AVHRR, MODIS and SeaWIFS are capable of extracting brightness values at different thermal spectral bands. These brightness temperatures are the sole input for the SST retrieval algorithms. Recently, Landsat-8 successfully launched and accessible with two instruments on-board: (1) the Operational Land Imager (OLI) with nine spectral bands in the visual, near infrared, and the shortwave infrared spectral regions; and (2) the Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) with two spectral bands in the long wavelength infrared. The two TIRS bands were selected to enable the atmospheric correction of the thermal data using a split window algorithm (SWA). The TIRS instrument is one of the major payloads aboard this satellite which can observe the sea surface by using the split-window thermal infrared channels (CH10: 10.6 μm to 11.2 μm; CH11: 11.5 μm to 12.5 μm) at a resolution of 30 m. The TIRS sensors have three main advantages comparing with other previous sensors. First, the TIRS has two thermal bands in the atmospheric window that provide a new SST retrieval opportunity using the widely used split-window (SW) algorithm rather than the single channel method. Second, the spectral filters of TIRS two bands present narrower bandwidth than that of the thermal band on board on previous Landsat sensors. Third, TIRS is one of the best space born and high spatial resolution with 30 m. in this regards, Landsat-8 can use the Split-Window (SW) algorithm for retrieving SST dataset. Although several SWs have been developed to use with other sensors, some adaptations are required in order to implement them for the TIRS spectral bands. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to develop a SW, adapted for use with Landsat-8 TIRS data, along with its accuracy assessment. In this research, that has been done for modelling SST using thermal Landsat 8-imagery of the Persian Gulf. Therefore, by incorporating contemporary in situ data and SST map estimated from other sensors like MODIS, we examine our proposed method with coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE) on check point to model SST retrieval for Landsat-8 imagery. Extracted results for implementing different SW's clearly shows superiority of utilized method by R2 = 0.95 and RMSE = 0.24.
THE BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES OF HAVING AN OPEN AND FREE BASIS SATELLITE DATA SHARING PLATFORM IN TURKEY: GEZGİN
Authors: Deveci Hüsne Seda , Koru Aziz , Sakarya Ufuk , Tevrizoğlu İsmail , Teke Mustafa , Küpçü Ramazan , Avenoğlu Bülent , Demirkesen Can , Gürbüz Sevgi Zübeyde , Öztoprak A. Feray , Açıkgöz İbrahim Serdar , Demirhan İsmail Hakkı , Kozal Ali Ömer , Efendioğlu Mehmet , Berke Erdinç , Şimşek F. Fehmi , Atıl İlkay , Kaya Derya , Uçmak Pınar , Ersöz Eda , Özen Hilal
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Turkey is a county that experiences rapid socioeconomic development, which, in turn, leads to high urbanization rates due to migration of people from rural to urban areas, many large-scale development projects (e.g. highways, dams, housing and infrastructure), and environmental problems that adversely affect agriculture, such as soil erosion and deforestation. Furthermore, Turkey lies in a region prone to natural disasters, especially earthquakes, landslides, flooding and forest fires. Successfully overcoming these challenges requires continuous monitoring to enable rapid response as well as the development of effective socioeconomic policies. In this regard, space-based earth observation (EO) systems play a critical role in the rapid acquisiton and extraction of crucial information. The first launch of the first Turkish-designed satellite, RASAT, in 2011 led to the wide-spread exploitation of space-based resources by Turkish institutions through the dissemination of EO data on an open and free basis via the GEZGIN internet portal (http://www.gezgin.gov.tr). The push for data sharing was further instigated by the nationally funded project GEOPORTAL (“Satellite Image Processing and Geoportal Development Project”) and European Union FP7 project EOPOWER (“Earth Observation for Economic Empowerment”), which strove to create conditions for sustainable economic development through the increased use of Earth observation products and services for environmental applications. In this work, the technical challenges involving processing and preparing raw satellite data for dissemination as well as software design of the GEZGIN Portal will be presented.
EARTH OBSERVATION-SUPPORTED SERVICE PLATFORM FOR THE DEVELOPMENT AND PROVISION OF THEMATIC INFORMATION ON THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT – THE TEP-URBAN PROJECT
Authors: Esch T. , Asamer H. , Boettcher M. , Brito F. , Hirner A. , Marconcini M. , Mathot E. , Metz A. , Permana H. , Soukop T. , Stanek F. , Kuchar S. , Zeidler J. , Balhar J.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The Sentinel fleet will provide a so-far unique coverage with Earth observation data and therewith new opportunities for the implementation of methodologies to generate innovative geo-information products and services. It is here where the TEP Urban project is supposed to initiate a step change by providing an open and participatory platform based on modern ICT technologies and services that enables any interested user to easily exploit Earth observation data pools, in particular those of the Sentinel missions, and derive thematic information on the status and development of the built environment from these data. Key component of TEP Urban project is the implementation of a web-based platform employing distributed high-level computing infrastructures and providing key functionalities for i) high-performance access to satellite imagery and derived thematic data, ii) modular and generic state-of-the art pre-processing, analysis, and visualization techniques, iii) customized development and dissemination of algorithms, products and services, and iv) networking and communication. This contribution introduces the main facts about the TEP Urban project, including a description of the general objectives, the platform systems design and functionalities, and the preliminary portfolio products and services available at the TEP Urban platform.
THE COMBINATION OF UAV SURVEY AND LANDSAT IMAGERY FOR MONITORING OF CROP VIGOR IN PRECISION AGRICULTURE
Authors: Lukas V. , Novák J. , Neudert L. , Svobodova I. , Rodriguez-Moreno F. , Edrees M. , Kren J.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Mapping of the with-in field variability of crop vigor has a long tradition with a success rate ranging from medium to high depending on the local conditions of the study. Information about the development of agronomical relevant crop parameters, such as above-ground biomass and crop nutritional status, provides high reliability for yield estimation and recommendation for variable rate application of fertilizers. The aim of this study was to utilize unmanned and satellite multispectral imaging for estimation of basic crop parameters during the growing season. The experimental part of work was carried out in 2014 at the winter wheat field with an area of 69 ha located in the South Moravia region of the Czech Republic. An UAV imaging was done in April 2014 using Sensefly eBee, which was equipped by visible and near infrared (red edge) multispectral cameras. For ground truth calibration the spectral signatures were measured on 20 sites using portable spectroradiometer ASD Handheld 2 and simultaneously plant samples were taken at BBCH 32 (April 2014) and BBCH 59 (Mai 2014) for estimation of above-ground biomass and nitrogen content. The UAV survey was later extended by selected cloud-free Landsat 8 OLI satellite imagery, downloaded from USGS web application Earth Explorer. After standard pre-processing procedures, a set of vegetation indices was calculated from remotely and ground sensed data. As the next step, a correlation analysis was computed among crop vigor parameters and vegetation indices. Both, amount of above-ground biomass and nitrogen content were highly correlated (r > 0.85) with ground spectrometric measurement by ASD Handheld 2 in BBCH 32, especially for narrow band vegetation indices (e.g. Red Edge Inflection Point). UAV and Landsat broadband vegetation indices varied in range of r = 0.5 – 0.7, highest values of the correlation coefficients were obtained for crop biomass by using GNDVI. In all cases results from BBCH 59 vegetation stage showed lower relationship to vegetation indices. Total amount of aboveground biomass was identified as the most important factor influencing the values of vegetation indices. Based on the results can be assumed that UAV and satellite monitoring provide reliable information about crop parameters for site specific crop management. The main difference of their utilization is coming from their specification and technical limits. Satellite survey can be used for periodic monitoring of crops as the indicator of their spatial heterogeneity within fields, but with low resolution (30 m per pixel for OLI). On the other hand UAV represents a special campaign aimed on the mapping of high-detailed spatial inputs for site specific crop management and variable rate application of fertilizers.
MULTI-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF WWII RECONNAISSANCE PHOTOS
Authors: Meixner P. , Eckstein M.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. There are millions of aerial photographs from the period of the Second Wold War available in the Allied archives, obtained by aerial photo reconnaissance, covering most of today’s European countries. They are spanning the time from 1938 until the end of the war and even beyond. Photo reconnaissance provided intelligence information for the Allied headquarters and accompanied the bombing offensive against the German homeland and the occupied territories. One of the initial principal targets in Bohemia were the synthetized fuel works STW AG (Sudetenländische Treibstoffwerke AG) in Zaluzi (formerly Maltheuren) near Most (formerly Brück), Czech Republic. The STW AG synthetized fuel plant was not only subject to bombing raids, but a subject to quite intensive photo reconnaissance, too - long before the start of the bombing campaign. With a multi-temporal analysis of the available imagery from international archives we will demonstrate the factory build-up during 1942 and 1943, the effects of the bombing raids in 1944 and the struggle to keep the plant working in the last year of the war. Furthermore we would like to show the impact the bombings have today, in form of potential unexploded ordnance in the adjacent area of the open cast mines.
RICE YIELD ESTIMATION THROUGH ASSIMILATING SATELLITE DATA INTO A CROP SIMUMLATION MODEL
Authors: Son N. T. , Chen C. F. , Chen C. R. , Chang L. Y. , Chiang S. H.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Rice is globally the most important food crop, feeding approximately half of the world’s population, especially in Asia where around half of the world’s poorest people live. Thus, advanced spatiotemporal information of rice crop yield during crop growing season is critically important for crop management and national food policy making. The main objective of this study was to develop an approach to integrate remotely sensed data into a crop simulation model (DSSAT) for rice yield estimation in Taiwan. The data assimilation was processed to integrate biophysical parameters into DSSAT model for rice yield estimation using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The cost function was constructed based on the differences between the simulated leaf area index (LAI) and MODIS LAI, and the optimization process starts from an initial parameterization and accordingly adjusts parameters (e.g., planting date, planting population, and fertilizer amount) in the crop simulation model. The fitness value obtained from the cost function determined whether the optimization algorithm had reached the optimum input parameters using a user-defined tolerance. The results of yield estimation compared with the government’s yield statistics indicated the root mean square error (RMSE) of 11.7% and mean absolute error of 9.7%, respectively. This study demonstrated the applicability of satellite data assimilation into a crop simulation model for rice yield estimation, and the approach was thus proposed for crop yield monitoring purposes in the study region.
MAPPING OF THE LAND COVER SPATIOTEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS IN NORTHERN RUSSIA CAUSED BY CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors: Panidi E. , Tsepelev V. , Torlopova N. , Bobkov A.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The study is devoted to the investigation of regional climate change in Northern Russia. Due to sparseness of the meteorological observation network in northern regions, we investigate the application capabilities of remotely sensed vegetation cover as indicator of climate change at the regional scale. In previous studies, we identified statistically significant relationship between the increase of surface air temperature and increase of the shrub vegetation productivity. We verified this relationship using ground observation data collected at the meteorological stations and Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data produced from Terra/MODIS satellite imagery. Additionally, we designed the technique of growing seasons separation for detailed investigation of the land cover (shrub cover) dynamics. Growing seasons are the periods when the temperature exceeds +5°C and +10°C. These periods determine the vegetation productivity conditions (i.e., conditions that allow growth of the phytomass). We have discovered that the trend signs for the surface air temperature and NDVI coincide on planes and river floodplains. On the current stage of the study, we are working on the automated mapping technique, which allows to estimate the direction and magnitude of the climate change in Northern Russia. This technique will make it possible to extrapolate identified relationship between land cover and climate onto territories with sparse network of meteorological stations. We have produced the gridded maps of NDVI and NDWI for the test area in European part of Northern Russia covered with the shrub vegetation. Basing on these maps, we may determine the frames of growing seasons for each grid cell. It will help us to obtain gridded maps of the NDVI linear trend for growing seasons on cell-by-cell basis. The trend maps can be used as indicative maps for estimation of the climate change on the studied areas.
Seasonal, Spring-Neap and Tidal Variation of Hydrodynamics and Water Constituents in the Mouth of the Elbe Estuary, Germany
Authors: Kappenberg Jens , Berendt Michael , Ohle Nino , Riethmüller Rolf , Schuster Dagmar , Strotmann Thomas
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Results of long-term measurements of CTD, current velocity, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen from three stations in the mouth of the Elbe Estuary in northern Germany are presented for the period of 2012 and 2013. The focus is on a station named HPA-Elbe 1, which is part of the COSYNA coastal observing system for northern and arctic seas, but data from two neighbouring stations are also presented for comparison and to bridge gaps in the time-series of HPA-Elbe 1. The variations of the variables exhibit distinct tidal patterns related to the longitudinal estuarine gradients of the water constituents and local sediment dynamics. On longer time-scales, spring-neap variability is observed, most prominently in the hydrodynamics. On the seasonal scale, the water temperature influences the degradation processes, which deplete the dissolved oxygen on the one hand and increase the oxygen contents by biological respiration on the other hand. Freshwater events from the catchment play an important role for sediment dynamics and mixing of riverine and coastal waters in the brackish water reach of the estuary. The periods of the deployment of the stations comprise the severest river flood observed so far in the Elbe in June 2013. The effects of the flood at the stations and along the estuary consist of a rapid flushing of the mixing zone and the turbidity maximum to the outer estuary and the transition to freshwater conditions from Hamburg to the mouth at Cuxhaven. The impact of the river flood at the stations is more pronounced in changes in salinity than in turbidity. The restoration of estuarine salinity and turbidity values comparable to those before the river flood took several months.
Accelerating retreat and high-elevation thinning of glaciers in central Spitsbergen
Authors: Małecki Jakub
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Svalbard is a heavily glacier-covered archipelago in the Arctic. Dickson Land (DL), in the central part of the largest island, Spitsbergen, is relatively arid and, as a result, glaciers there are relatively small and restricted mostly to valleys and cirques. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of glacier changes in DL based on inventories compiled from topographic maps and digital elevation models for the Little Ice Age (LIA) maximum, the 1960s, 1990, and 2009/2011. Total glacier area has decreased by  ∼ 38 % since the LIA maximum, and front retreat increased over the study period. Recently, most of the local glaciers have been consistently thinning in all elevation bands, in contrast to larger Svalbard ice masses which remain closer to balance. The mean 1990–2009/2011 geodetic mass balance of glaciers in DL is among the most negative from the Svalbard regional means known from the literature.
Gender and the Prohibition Of Hate Speech
Authors: Weston-Scheuber Kylie
Published: June 2016

This article examines the current absence of legal regulation of gendered hate speech in Australia. Drawing on contemporary examples, the article compares hate speech directed towards women as women with other forms of hate speech, in particular racial hate speech, which is currently the subject of legal regulation in all Australian jurisdictions. The various laws regulating hate speech in Australia, civil and criminal, are discussed. Possible reasons for the failure to recognise gendered hate speech are canvassed and recommendations made for legislative change to recognise the harm it causes.