bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Literary reconstructions of the 1904-1908 Herero Nama conflict in Namibia
Authors: M. Kandemiri Coletta , Mlambo Nelson , S. Pasi Juliet
Published: December 2020

At the beginning of the 20th century (1904-1908), a genocide took place where Herero and Nama people of the then German South West Africa (present day Namibia) were nearly completely decimated by German soldiers. Through the selected factional novels, Parts Unknown (2018) by Zirk Van Den Burg, The Lie of the Land (2017) David Jasper Utley, The Weeping Graves of Our Ancestors (2017) by Rukee Tjingaete, The Scattering (2016) by Lauri Kubuitsile, and Mama Namibia (2013) by Mari Serebrov, this article explores the literary reconstruction of this Herero Nama conflict of 1904 to 1908 with German as the aggressor. The paper considers the pragmatic disposition of the Herero Nama conflict with the Germans as presented from a fictional perspective (faction) and how it is relevant to the reconstruction of the Herero Nama history. Additionally, there are various art forms that specify new modes of expression for the reconstruction of the same historical event and this paper pays attention to some of these forms as presented in the selected texts. Through the analysis, it was found that the selected historical novels recreate the same event but from different angles yet several incidents emerging in the novels relate to the historical reality that is now reenacted through art. Through the analysis of the historical novels, the researchers also found that there seems to be a thin line between the imaginative literary works and the historical events that took place. Lastly, the selected novels demonstrate literature’s immediacy to recreate some critical arguments that are still unsolved even in present day Namibia about the general welfare of the people with the problems that are still linked to the nation’s history.
DIFFERENCES OF LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES IN ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE CLASSROOM OF SOCIAL COLLAGE STUDENTS
Authors: Gumartifa Asti , Dwie Agustiani Indah Windra , Aditiya Febri
Published: December 2020

Most of the Indonesian students depend on the teachers in learning English. University students do not understand the language learning strategies properly. The purpose of this research is to investigate language learning strategies used by social collage students. The participants were 125 students of economy faculty at the University of Muhammadiyah Palembang. The tool used was a questionnaire of SILL. The data collected were analyzed statistically. The results showed that students were indeed using metacognitive (M=4.11), memory (M=3.88), social (M=3.81), cognitive (M=3.66), affective (M=3.62), and compensation strategies (M=3.49). While both males and females used metacognitve strategies with the statistically (M=4.15) for females and (M=4.05) for males. Metacognitive reading strategy is the dominant used by the students. Metacognitive strategies have a strong and important impact on effective students learning English as a second language. Besides, students integrate both direct and indirect learning strategies. This brings an additional field of research to demonstrate the construction of LLS guidance on the gender and level of students’ education.
Long-term development of the global energy sector under the influence of energy policies and technological progress
Authors: Makarov Alexey A. , Mitrova Tatyana A. , Kulagin Vyacheslav A.
Published: December 2020

The world energy sector is entering a period of transformation, defined by the emergence of a whole range of cost-effective technologies and the formation of new state priorities that can radically change the structure of energy use. The calculations of the development of world energy markets for the period up to 2040 were made using economic and mathematical optimization modeling based on the ERI RAS SCANER model complex, for two scenarios: Conservative (maintaining key benchmarks and regulatory measures within the framework of existing energy policies, as well as incremental development of technologies without major breakthroughs) and Energy Transition (assuming ambitious goals in the field of reducing emissions, as well as accelerated technology development). The results of calculations show that the growth rate of primary energy consumption will slow down significantly. Renewable energy sources (RES) will be able to provide up to 35–50% of electricity production and up to a quarter of the world’s energy consumption by 2040, while the share of fossil fuels will decline. Oil and coal will pass the peak of consumption before 2040. This will not only lead to a radical change in the price environment of energy markets, but also to a transformation of the way they are organized and regulated, as well as to a revision of business models of most energy companies.
Renewables and the future of geopolitics: Revisiting main concepts of international relations from the lens of renewables
Authors: Hatipoglu Emre , Al Muhanna Saleh , Efird Brian
Published: December 2020

The development of renewable energy is often treated as a purely positive outcome for the world, without consideration of the challenges that come with implementation at scale, which will inevitably follow with the process of a global energy transition. Studies on the political process of the transition to a world of renewables are scarce. This article provides a review on the geopolitical, institutional, and technological aspects of the development of renewable energy sources, including transportation and delivery of energy across national borders. At scale internationally, renewable energy will present many of the same issues as other mature sources of energy. Security, export interdependence, and the availability of source materials will all become increasingly important concerns.
German–Russian gas relations in face of the energy transition
Authors: Westphal Kirsten
Published: December 2020

Russia is the world’s largest gas exporter and Germany is its most important market. Moreover, natural gas is a centerpiece of the Russian economy and the backbone of its energy supply to the Russian population. In terms of its external gas relations, Germany has always kept a special and strategic position, both in terms of volumes, but also in substance. This contribution explores the impact of the energy transition on the bilateral gas relationship. It argues that the bilateral gas relationship has been subjected to various paradigm shifts in the past, but, until recently, the relationship has been seen as in line with the strategic energy triangle of climate change/sustainability, supply security and economic competitiveness. This perception has come into question over two issues: climate change and supply security. Moreover, Germany’s authority over the conduct and the legal framework of bilateral gas relations has been increasingly contested, by Brussels, but also horizontally by other EU member states. At this stage, it is very uncertain whether both sides will manage to maintain and redefine their close energy partnership to address climate change. Decarbonizing the gas value chain would be a centerpiece. This would require a political shift away from securitization to decarbonization, not only in Germany, but even more so in the EU, and in particular, in Russia.
Energy transition and game changers
Authors: Grigoryev Leonid M.
Published: December 2020

n/a
Number of cases of pandemic influenza in Brazil in 2009 and 2010
Authors: Torres Carine Correa , Facco Lucas , Fecury Amanda Alves , Araújo Maria Helena Mendonça de , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Souza Keulle Oliveira da , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: December 2020

Pandemic Influenza is an extremely transmissible infectious disease. The main symptoms an individual may develop are: cough, sore throat, runny nose, fever and difficulty breathing. The objective of this work was to show the number of cases of pandemic influenza in Brazil in the years 2009 and 2010. Research carried out in the database of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System of Brazil – DATASUS (http://datasus.saude.gov.br/). The influenza virus has as characteristic its extreme transmissibility, a factor that contributed to the high number of infected. In 2010, a numerical reduction in cases was noted, probably due to the expansion of population knowledge about the prevention and knowledge of the disease and its organic implications. It was observed that, in 2009 and 2010, there were more cases of pandemic influenza among females (mostly in women of childbearing age, whether pregnant or not), in Brazil, and consequently higher number of deaths. When compared to 2009, in 2010 there were more cases in which the patient evolved positively, reaching the outcome of cure.
“I wouldn’t want to get on the bus”: Older Adult Public Transit Use and Challenges during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ravensbergen Lea , Newbold Bruce
Published: December 2020

This paper reports on older adult (65+) public transit users’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic, a group more vulnerable to severe illness from the virus. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with public transit users in Hamilton, Ontario, results highlight inequalities between those with access to a car and those dependant on transit. Further, we examine the impact of the policies taken to reduce viral transmission on the City’s buses. For instance, boarding from back doors is physically strenuous for those with declining mobility. We conclude by stressing the importance of public transit, an essential service for many older adults.
Penerapan Edukasi Gizi Buruk Pada Generasi Alfa Sebagai Penerus Generasi Milenial di Tanjung Priok Jakarta
Authors: Nelloh Liza Agustina Maureen , Lukas Mahonri , Indira Prima Dyah , Kurniawan Rio , Rismatio Rismatio
Published: December 2020

Millennial generation contributes significantly to the Indonesian economy. This generation has successors who are called the Alfa generations who will inherit and succeed in reaching the Millennial generation. However, based on official Indonesian government data, it is proven that there are still many Alfa Generation children who are malnourished and have special stunting in Tanjung Priok, North Jakarta. This is allegedly due to lack of education of the millennial generation itself regarding malnutrition for children's development. Therefore, this Community Service activity is carried out to provide education for the older generation of Alfa which is mostly obtained from millennial generation. This social activity is carried out in the Church of St. Fransiskus Xaferius, Tanjung Priok, North Jakarta. This activity is conducted to educate their parents to be more concern about healthy lifestyles to update nutrition issues in Indonesia. This activity is useful to increase knowledge and awareness about the importance of a good lifestyle for ASAK (Ayo Sekolah Ayo Kuliah).
IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE PRÁTICAS INTEGRATIVAS E COMPLEMENTARES EM UNIDADES BÁSICAS DE SAÚDE EM MUNICÍPIOS DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Schilling Ana Zoé , Fischborn Aline Fernanda , Dos Santos Nunes Anacker Adriane , Holde Pinheiro Ana Caroline , Pacheco Moisés Maria Paula , Da Silva Tatiane Regina
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os movimentos realizados em 13 municípios pertencentes à 28ª Região de Saúde do RS para a implementação das práticas integrativas e complementares - PICs na rede básica de saúde nos anos de 2017 a 2019. É um estudo quali-quantitativo, e para a obtenção dos dados foram aplicados um questionário para os gestores das secretarias municipais de saúde e profissionais indicados por eles, totalizando 29 participantes. Os dados foram analisados por meio do método de análise temática. Dos 13 municípios, apenas um não desenvolve nenhuma PICs na rede básica, os demais afirmaram que existe mobilização por parte dos gestores e que profissionais da área desenvolvem ou participam dessas atividades e buscam capacitações e estão se dedicando a essas atividades por acreditarem em seus benefícios e na promoção de políticas de saúde pública, o que tem gerado movimentos crescentes em busca da implantação dessas práticas.
Pattern of Stroke among Adult (A-MMD) and Childhood Onset (C-MMD) Moyamoya Disease
Authors: Hasan ATM Hasibul , Rahman Kazi Mohibur , Khan Sharif Uddin , Hakim Shakir Hussain , Habib Mansur , Alam Md Badrul , Mohammad Quazi Deen
Published: December 2020

Background: Though relatively rare, moyamoya disease (MMD) may have varied presentation in different age group. Different stroke types are major presentation of this enigmatic disease. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the stroke subtypes among adult (A-MMD) and childhood onset (C-MMD) patients with Moyamoya disease (MMD).

Methodology: This was a hospital based observational study, conducted in the department of Neurology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh in between July, 2007 to June, 2016. Sample size included 36 children and 14 adult patients of MMD presenting with either ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, within one month of the index event.

Result: Majority of participants were below 10 years of age with a mean age at onset of 16.56(±10.6) years. There was a female predominance. Patients younger than 20 years, presented mostly with ischemic stroke (32 versus 4 patients); whereas those above 20 years of age presented mostly with hemorrhagic stroke (6 versus 8 patients). The difference was statistically significant (p value = 0.006). Large artery infarct (15) and hemodynamic infarct (17) were common among patients in children; whereas intracerebral hemorrhage (dICH, lICH, IVH among 3, 4 and 1 patients respectively) was frequent (8) among the adult (p value = 0.006).

Conclusion: While different pattern of ischemic stroke is common among children with MMD, the adults present mostly with hemorrhagic stroke subtypes.

Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2020;6(2): 87-90
Reduction of Antimicrobial Resistance and Limiting Use of Antibiotics by the Application of De-escalation and Streamlining: A Review Update
Authors: Saha Ritu , Uddin Bhuiyan Mohammad Mahtab
Published: December 2020

De-escalation is a critical component that lies at the center of antimicrobial stewardship programs. It is a clinically effective concept in reducing infection with drug resistant isolates. Although there is significant and serious shortfalls like establishment of the real impact of de-escalation on antimicrobial resistance development; it is now well demonstrated that there is no harm for patients, whether it genuinely improve clinical outcomes. Further studies are needed to establish the most effective tools to implement de-escalation, particularly in terms of providing clear guidelines to clinicians to enable them to be confident in applying this maneuver in our country. It is interesting that this concept of de-escalation is now being explored in different types of infection.

Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2020;6(2): 140-142
Comunicación estratégica y el uso de las redes sociales para la supervivencia de las instituciones culturales con la Covid-19
Authors: Alonso Arroba Patricia
Published: December 2020

Análisis de cómo las instituciones dedicadas a la cultura han conseguido actualizarse en la última década, incluyendo en sus planes de comunicación estrategias como las visitas virtuales de sus instalaciones o reavivando el interés de sus usuarios interactuando con ellos a través de las redes sociales y dedicando su tiempo a escuchar sus comentarios y sugerencias, sobre todo durante la pandemia Covid-19.
Peran Kepala Sekolah Sebagai Manager Dalam Menciptakan Sekolah Efektif di SMP An-Nur Bululawang Malang
Authors: Romadhon Romadhon
Published: December 2020

Sekolah yang bermutu ditentukan oleh peran kepala sekolah. Peranan kepala sekolah sangat strategis dalam menciptakan sekolah yang efektif. Salah satu peran yang strategis adalah sebagai manager. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sejauh mana peran kepala sekolah sebagai manager dalam menciptakan sekolah yang efektif. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, para wakil kepala sekolah (kaur), dan guru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepala sekolah belum sepenuhnya menjalankan perannya sebagai manager sebagaimana dalam Permendiknas Nomor 13 Tahun 2007 terutama dalam hal pendayagunaan SDM, pengelolaan hubungan sekolah dengan masyarakat, pengelolaan unit layanan khusus, penerapan prinsip kewirausahaan, menciptakan budaya dan iklim kerja yang kondusif, pengelolaan sistem informasi sekolah, dan pelaksanaan pengawasan (supervisi).
POLITISASI ISU PRIBUMI PADA PEMILIHAN GUBERNUR DKI JAKARTA 2017 DI MEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: Laksana Tri Oka Putra , Al-Hamdi Ridho , Gusmi Adibah Dhivani
Published: December 2020

Artikel ini mengkaji tentang politisasi isu pribumi yang dilakukan oleh kubu Ahok dan Anies pada Pilgub Jakarta 2017 di media sosial (medsos). Politisasi diukur dengan tiga indikator: isu/ kepentingan, agenda politik, dan partisipasi. Secara metodologis, artikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Dalam pengumpulan data, facebook menjadi sumber utama untuk melihat prakter politisasi dari kedua kubu di medsos. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan tiga hal. Pada indikator pertama, kubu Ahok mengangkat isu Pilkada damai, Jakarta milik semua, dan keadilan untuk Ahok. Sementara kubu Anies menonjolkan isu pemimpin Muslim santun dan reklamasi pantai. Pada indikator kedua, kubu Ahok dan kubu Anies melakukan kampanye melalui konten yang menarik. Pada indikator ketiga, partisipasi yang dilakukan masyarakat adalah memberikan respon pada postingan akun medsos berupa like, share, dan komentar. Dari ketiga indikator terserbut, isu/kepentingan merupakan indikator paling dominan yang menyebabkan terjadinya politisasi isu pribumi pada Pilkada Jakarta 2017 di medsos.This paper examines the politicization of indigenous issues both of Ahok and Anies factions in the 2017 Jakarta gubernatorial election on social media. The politicization is measured by a threefold indicator: issues/interests, political agenda, and participation. Methodologically, this paper uses qualitative research by applying case study. For data-gathering, Facebook is the primary source to investigate the politicization of both factions on social media. The finding demonstrates three things. First, Ahok faction offers the peaceful election, Jakarta belongs to all and the justice for Ahok. Meanwhile, Anis faction proposes the issues of Muslim leaders and reclamation. Second, both factions fight to campaign through social media to attract society’s belief. Third, the participation conducted by society is responding to both factions’ social media accounts with their like, share, and comments. Among those three indicators, the issue/interest is the dominant indicator causing the politicization of indigenous issues in the 2017 Jakarta Gubernatorial election on social media.
Factors influencing short-term effectiveness and efficiency of the care provided by Dutch general practice mental health professionals
Authors: Vennemann Tosca G.R. , Wijnen Ben F.M. , Ringoir Lianne , Kenter Audry , Van Bon-Martens Marja J.H. , Alessie Rob J.M. , Nuyen Jasper
Published: December 2020

Introduction: This study examined whether factors related to general practice mental health professionals (GP-MHPs), that is, characteristics of the professional, the function, and the care provided, were associated with short-term effectiveness and efficiency of the care provided by GP-MHPs to adults in Dutch general practice.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted among 320 adults with anxiety or depressive symptoms who had an intake consultation with GP-MHPs (n = 64). Effectiveness was measured in terms of change in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) 3 months after intake; and efficiency in terms of net monetary benefit (NMB) at 3-month follow-up. A range of GP-MHP-related predictors and patient-related confounders was considered.

Results: Patients gained on average 0.022 QALYs at 3-month follow-up. The mean total costs per patient during the 3-month follow-up period (€3,864; 95% confidence interval [CI]: €3,196-€4,731) decreased compared to that during the 3 months before intake (€5,220; 95% CI: €4,639–€5,925), resulting largely from an increase in productivity. Providing mindfulness and/or relaxation exercises was associated with QALY decrement. Having longer work experience as a GP-MHP (≥2 years) and having 10-20 years of work experience as a mental health care professional were negatively associated with NMB. Furthermore, a higher number of homework exercises tended to be related to less efficient care. Finally, being self-employed and being seconded from an organization in which primary care and mental health care organizations collaborate were related to a positive NMB, while being seconded from a mental health organization tended towards such a relationship.

Conclusions: Findings seem to imply that the care provided by GP-MHPs contributes to improving patients’ functioning. Some GP-MHP-related characteristics appear to influence short-term effectiveness and efficiency of the care provided. Further research is needed to confirm and better explain these findings and to examine longer-term effects.
Towards standardization of economic evaluation research in the youth psychosocial care sector: A broad consultation in the Netherlands
Authors: Evers Silvia M.A.A. , Dircksen Carmen D.
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Stakeholders are increasingly interested in the societal impact of psychosocial interventions in the youth sector, in terms of costs and quality of life, as well as in outcomes research. The aim of this broad consultation was to reach consensus regarding the steps to be undertaken to set a research agenda for the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) programme. Methods: The broad consultation consisted of an eight-step procedure, including the conceptualization of a consultation document consisting of a scoping review of (mainly) international opinion/methodological literature and an inventory of existing Dutch guidelines and manuals for economic evaluation, a written consultation procedure among a broad range of stakeholders, and a consultation meeting with these stakeholders. Results: In total 21 documents were included in the scoping review. A total of 24 stakeholders participated in the written consultation procedure and 14 stakeholders during the consultation meeting. The methodological issues and challenges, which were ranked in the top 5 by the stakeholders, are (i) outcome measurement, (ii) outcome identification, (iii) cost valuation, (iv) outcome valuation, and (v) time horizon/analytical approach. The existing guidelines and manuals provided guidance for some, but not all, issues and challenges. Discussion and Conclusion: This broad consultation has contributed to a research agenda for the ZonMw programme, which will in the long run lead to the standardization of economic evaluations in this sector in the Netherlands and methodological improvement of economic evaluations in the Dutch youth sector.
Política Pública de inclusão das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação no ensino e aprendizagem na Educação Escolar Indígena brasileira nos tempos atuais
Authors: Pereira Carlos Luis
Published: December 2020

Este estudo objetiva deslindar acerca da emergência de inclusão na mediação pedagógica no ensino e aprendizagem da educação básica na educação escolar indígena brasileira em tempos atuais de política pública tecnológica. A escola indígena discutida nesta pesquisa traz como centralidade as Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC) para ampliar a construção do conhecimento no processo do ensino e o aprendizado dos alunos indígenas em todo processo formativo.Propõe no estudo apontar as potencialidades do uso de metodologias digitais para ensinar e aprender nas escolas indígenas, preservando seus saberes tradicionais, ciência e cultura em associação com um ensino específico e diferenciado, intercultural, bilíngue, dentro de processos próprios de aprendizagem. O estudo foi engendrado dentro da abordagem quali-quantitativa; Sobre os objetivos é ancorada na pesquisa exploratória; Em relação aos procedimentos enquadra-se na pesquisa bibliográfica em associação com a pesquisa documental em todas as fases do estudo. Os resultados indicaram que a efetivação das políticas tecnológicas na educação escolar indígena no atual momento histórico educacional tem potencialidades para melhoria no ensinar e aprender. Verifica-se que a implementação de políticas públicas em tecnologias na educação escolar indígena brasileira corroborará na erradicação da exclusão digital e o analfabetismo tecnológico e formar alunos indígenas sujeitos de direitos legais com competências e habilidades digitais. Conclui-se, entretanto a emergência do Ministério da Educação consolida primeiramente implementar infraestrutura básica e energia elétrica para essa modalidade de ensino no país para em seguida promover ampla cobertura de implementação de política pública em TDIC, objetivando oportunizar todos alunos de acesso ao ensino por meio de ferramentas digitais.
CRISPR/Cas9 como perspectiva de cura para o Diabetes mellitus tipo 1
Authors: Silva Milena Roberta Freire da , Souza Karolayne Silva , Santos Milena Danda Vasconcelos , Leite Kaleen Massari , Silva Jaqueline dos Santos , Silva Diego Canuto Bispo da , Fidelis Kleber Ribeiro , Silva Rodrigo Reges dos Santos , Santos Graziele dos , Silva Renata Pereira Lima da , Nunes Filipe Silva , Brito Leandro Paes de , Oliveira Felicson Leonardo Oliveira , Oliveira Maria Betânia Melo de
Published: December 2020

Introdução O Diabetes mellitus do tipo 1 (DM1), é considerado uma doença autoimune, crônica, multifatorial, que envolve a destruição progressiva das células β das ilhotas pancreáticas, sendo estas responsáveis pela produção de insulina, resultando assim na perda da produção e secreção da mesma. Estima-se que mais de 30 mil brasileiros sofram desta patologia.  Três mecanismos são responsáveis pela destruição destas células: suscetibilidade genética, autoimunidade e fatores ambientais. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um levantamento acerca das principais perspectivais de cura desta doença utilizando o sistema CRISPR/Cas9. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica com buscas nas bases eletrônicas nacionais e internacionais na língua portuguesa e inglesa. Resultados: Visto que esta patologia ainda não possui cura, apenas tratamento, o sistema CRISPR/Cas9 surge como uma terapia promissora, assim como a terapia com células-tronco mensenquimais pluripotentes (MSC), as quais possui a funcionalidade, principalmente, de reparação e sobrevivência de células β das ilhotas pancreáticas, as MSCs possuem a capacidade de modificação do microambiente das áreas de lesão pancreática, anulando a destruição autoimune contra as células β podendo restaurar a normoglicemia do paciente. Conclusão: Tendo em vista que esta é uma patologia de cunho genético, o CRISPR/Cas9 associado a terapia com células mensenquimais pluripotentes vem se mostrando como uma ferramenta versátil e eficaz no tratamento do DM1. No entanto, faz-se necessárias novas pesquisas capazes de induzir estratégias para o melhoramento de alterações genéticas e maior eficiência do efeito terapêutico.
Potato cultivars evaluation for processing industry
Authors: Pereira Ariana Mota , Guimarães Maria Eduarda da Silva , Galdino Antonia Gorete da Silva , Gomes Mateus de Paula , Cruz Renata Ranielly Pedroza , Ribeiro Fernanda Cristina Silva , Ribeiro Wellington Souto , Finger Fernando Luiz
Published: December 2020

Light color after frying and sprouting are the main quality parameters evaluated by the pre-fried potato processing industry. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the suitability for use by the pre-fried potato processing industry, the cultivars Asterix, Corsica, Edison, Lionheart and Markies through the sprouting and post-frying color of the sticks. For this, the tubers were stored at 8 °C (RH 90% ± 2) for up to 180 days. Sprouting started at 60 days with the exception of ‘Lionheart’, which started sprouting at 120 days. At 150 and 180 days, all cultivars showed large sprouts, but still suitable for the processing industry. Visually, the Asterix cultivar remained in category 3 and the most cultivars in 2. The parameter L * reduced with the storage time in all cultivars, indicating the browning of the sticks, which was accompanied by the reduction of parameter b *, indicating less yellowing. It is concluded that All cultivars can be used by the processing industry after storage at 8 °C for 180 days. These results are important to the process industry due to difficult from storage of tubers under refrigeration in reason of browning during fried.
Quality of Italian tomatoes grown with different forms of calcium application
Authors: Andrade Isa Gabriela Vieira de , Souza Gilmário Noberto de , Aires Eduardo Santana , Gomes Ítala Laiane Silva , Rocha Ruy de Carvalho , Figueiredo Neto Acácio , Aragão Carlos Alberto
Published: December 2020

Tomato is one of the most consumed vegetables in the world. This work aimed to evaluate post-harvest quality of Italian Saladete tomatoes grown in a protected environment, with different ways of calcium application, in the Middle São Francisco Valley. Consisting of five Italian tomato hybrids (Anjico, Gabrielle, Liberty, Ty 2006 and Shanty), and three different ways of calcium application (T0 without application of calcium; T1 application of calcium in the opening flower, and T2 weekly application of calcium in the fruit).  Poductivity, average fruit mass, incidence of apical rot, fruit firmness, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (AT), and pH, were analized. The experimental design used was a completely randomized block design in a factorial scheme (five cultivars x three ways of calcium application), with three repetition and using two central plants as useful plot for analysis, except for fruit firmness that was carried out in a completely randomized design, using tree fruits per analysis. According to the results obtained, hybrids of Italian saladete tomatoes behaved in a satisfactory manner, therefore it is recommended to cultivate hybrids of Italian saladete tomatoes in the Middle São Francisco Valley, mainly hybrid Anjico. Calcium application way did not interfere with post-harvest attributes.
Importância da escolha da vegetação para rede viária urbana: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Paz Thaynara Diuliane Carvalho , Menegaes Janine Farias , Backes Fernanda Alice Antonello Londero , Wegermann Karina , Difante Andressa Costa , Lima Edberto Moura
Published: December 2020

A expansão dos centros urbanos ocasionou a substituição de áreas naturais, reduzindo as áreas vegetadas a pequenas ilhas ou faixas que acompanham a rede viária urbana. Essas áreas verdes, ainda que pequenas, são fundamentais, pois contribuem com a qualidade ecológica do meio urbano e na qualidade de vida da população. Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi realizar uma revisão de literatura referente a importância da escolha correta da vegetação e indicar espécies botânicas para compor a rede viária urbana. A metodologia utilizada constitui-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica em biblioteca e em endereços eletrônicos científicos, utilizando as palavras-chave como: “arborização urbana”, “espaços verdes urbanos”, “importância da vegetação”, “paisagismo urbanos” e “vegetação para rede viária urbana”. Após a análise desta pesquisa, verificou-se que a introdução da vegetação nos centros urbanos carrega um caráter cultural e social, no Brasil esse processo ganha importância a partir do século XIX, principalmente devido à expansão dos centros urbanos. O verde de acompanhamento viário faz parte da infraestrutura urbana, sendo por muitas vezes responsabilidade do poder público. A composição florística dessas áreas varia de acordo com região e com diversos aspectos físicos e ambientais. A escolha apropriada da vegetação para compor os centros urbanos permitirá o sucesso, a preservação e a permanência das espécies botânicas, além de aumentar a qualidade de vida dos cidadãos.
Panorama sanitário das populações ribeirinhas da Amazônia Brasileira e as tecnologias sociais aplicáveis
Authors: Castro Lucilla Raphaelle Carmo , Almeida Fernando Felipe Soares , Cavalcante Anny Marysol Souza , Guimarães Iane Raquel Barata , Silva Valdinei Mendes da , Lisboa Flávia Augusta Miranda , Nascimento Thays Valente do
Published: December 2020

Tão grande quanto os encantos e dimensões da Amazônia são as limitações ao acesso a sistemas de saneamento básico que sua população ribeirinha enfrenta, assim surge o seguinte questionamento: existem soluções capazes de atender as necessidades dessa população de maneira mais imediata? Dentro dessa perspectiva estão as Tecnologias Sociais, que são metodologias, produtos ou técnicas desenvolvidas em conjunto com as comunidades atendidas e se apresentam como alternativas simples e de baixo custo para a solução de problemas. O objetivo desta pesquisa é apresentar as características e um breve panorama sanitário da população ribeirinha da Amazônia brasileira, assim como realizar o levantamento das tecnologias sociais desenvolvidas para o atendimento de suas necessidades no âmbito do saneamento básico. Foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva e bibliográfica, tendo como foco as informações relacionadas às comunidades ribeirinhas apenas da Amazônia Brasileira. Índices precários de esgotamento sanitário, e a incapacidade ou inexistência de políticas públicas são evidenciados nos estudos sobre essas comunidades, restando à população apenas recorrer aos hábitos que lhe estão disponíveis e que propiciam o surgimento de doenças. Ao analisar as tecnologias sociais encontradas, é notável uma discrepância entre a quantidade de experiências de acordo com o propósito a que se destina dentro das vertentes do saneamento. Em suma, dificuldade de acesso, condições inadequadas e/ou inexistência de sistemas de saneamento básico, falta de energia elétrica e serviços de saúde, são fatores predominantes nas áreas de habitação das populações ribeirinhas. Assim, a implantação de tecnologias sociais são valiosas ferramentas para o suprimento de tais carências.
Increased competency of registered dietitian nutritionists in physical examination skills after simulation-based education in the United States
Authors: MacQuillan Elizabeth , Ford Jennifer , Baird Kristin
Published: December 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to translate simulation-based dietitian nutritionist education to clinical competency attainment in a group of practicing registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs). Using a standardized instrument to measure performance on a newly-required clinical skill, the nutrition-focused physical exam (NFPE), competence was measured both before and after a simulation-based education (SBE) session.Methods: Eighteen practicing RDNs were recruited by their employer, Spectrum Health. Following a pre-briefing session, participants completed an initial 10-minute encounter, performing NFPE on a standardized patient (SP). Next, participants completed a 90-minute SBE training session on skills within the NFPE, including hands-on practice and role play, followed by a post-training SP encounter. Video recordings of the SP encounters were scored to assess competence in 7 skill areas within the NFPE. Scores were analyzed for participants’ initial competence and change in competence.Results: The proportions of participants with initial competence ranged from 0% to 44% across the 7 skill areas assessed. The only competency where participants initially scored in the “meets expectations” range was “approach to the patient.” When raw competence scores were assessed for changes from pre- to post-SBE training, the paired t-test indicated significant increases in all 7 competency areas following the simulation-based training (P<0.001).Conclusion: This study showed the effectiveness of a SBE training program for increasing competence scores of practicing RDNs on a defined clinical skill.
Development and validation of a measurement scale to assess nursing students’ readiness for the flipped classroom in Sri Lanka
Authors: Youhasan Punithalingam , Chen Yan , Lyndon Mataroria , Henning Marcus Alexander
Published: December 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a scale to measure nursing students’ readiness for the flipped classroom in Sri Lanka.Methods: A literature review provided the theoretical framework for developing the Nursing Students’ Readiness for Flipped Classroom (NSR-FC) questionnaire. Five content experts evaluated the NSR-FC, and content validity indices (CVI) were calculated. Cross-sectional surveys among 355 undergraduate nursing students from 3 state universities in Sri Lanka were carried out to assess the psychometric properties of the NSR-FC. Principal component analysis (PCA, n=265), internal consistency (using the Cronbach α coefficient, n=265), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA, n=90) were done to test construct validity and reliability.Results: Thirty-seven items were included in the NSR-FC for content validation, resulting in an average scale CVI of 0.94. Two items received item level CVI of less than 0.78. The factor structures of the 35 items were explored through PCA with orthogonal factor rotation, culminating in the identification of 5 factors. These factors were classified as technological readiness, environmental readiness, personal readiness, pedagogical readiness, and interpersonal readiness. The NSR-FC also showed an overall acceptable level of internal consistency (Cronbach α=0.9). CFA verified a 4-factor model (excluding the interpersonal readiness factor) and 20 items that achieved acceptable fit (standardized root mean square residual=0.08, root mean square error of approximation=0.08, comparative fit index=0.87, and χ2/degrees of freedom=1.57).Conclusion: The NSR-FC, as a 4-factor model, is an acceptable measurement scale for assessing nursing students’ readiness for the flipped classroom in terms of its construct validity and reliability.
Criminal Liability for Storage and Transportation of Narcotic Substances and Their Analogues
Authors: Dugushkin K. , Bukalerova L.
Published: December 2020

The annual increase in crimes, related to drug trafficking, is characteristic not only of our state, but also of the entire world community. This type of crime infringes on the safety, health and life of the population. Even more dangerous is the fact that a large number of minors are involved in drug trafficking.
Personal Features of Adolescents Who Are Prone to Internet Addiction
Authors: Kadeeva A. , Ivanov D.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the personality traits of adolescents prone to Internet addiction. The modern concept of Internet addiction as a category of psychological research is revealed. Contains a description of the causes, characteristics, psychological and physical symptoms of Internet addiction. An adolescent can satisfy the needs for self-dependence and independence, for recognition and self-realization, for belonging to a certain group, for love, in communication with peers. Psychodiagnostic techniques are presented. The relationship between the personality traits of adolescents and the features of manifestation of Internet addiction has been studied. The description of the empirical research carried out is given. It was revealed that male adolescents do not differ from female adolescents in terms of Internet addiction. It was found that adolescents prone to Internet addiction are characterized by personality traits (excitable, aloofness, restraint and isolation, impatience, exactingness and overactiveness, striving for dominance in interpersonal relationships and low self-control).
Günümüzde Gayrimenkul Malların Zekâtına Dair Görüşlerin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Manav Ahmet Başaran , Haçkalı Abdurrahman
Published: December 2020

Allah Resûlü’nün ifadesiyle İslâm’ın beş esasından biri olduğu tescillenen zekât, bir ibadet olmasının yanı sıra sosyal fonksiyonu da olan bir müessesedir. Fıkıh kitapları zekât konusunu ibadetler bahsinde ele almış; tanımını, şartlarını ve zekâta tabi malları belirleyerek genel çerçeveyi çizmiştir. Tarım toplumundan sanayi toplumuna geçiş sürecinde üretim ve ticaret anlayışı değişmiş, daha önce ele alınmayan mal türlerinin zekât bahsinde konuşulmaya ve tartışılmaya başlanmıştır. Tarihî süreçte ortaya çıkan bu yeni meselelere fıkıh bilginleri, zekâtın genel mantığından ve ilkelerinden hareketle çözüm bulmaya çalışmışlardır. Fakihlerin çözmek için karşı karşıya kaldıkları bu yeni meselelerden biri de gayrimenkuller ve bunların zekâta tabi olup olmadığı hususudur. Bu makalede günümüzde gayrimenkul malların zekâtına dair görüşler değerlendirilecektir. Makalede öncelikle İslam hukukuna ve modern hukuka göre gayrimenkul kavramı ele alınıp bu kapsama girecek mallar belirtilmiştir. Ardından gayrimenkul malların elde bulundurulma sebeplerine ve bir malın zekâta tabi olup olmadığını tayinde önemli bir unsur olan ticarîlik vasfına vurgu yapılmıştır. Zekât mükellefiyet ile ilgili olumlu ve olumsuz görüşler değerlendirilmiş ve tercihte bulunulmuştur. Çalışmada son olarak sermayenin hesaba katılıp katılmamasına göre gayrimenkullerden verilmesi gereken oranlar belirtilmiştir.
Kral Mitolojilerinde Doğaya Emanet Edilen Kahraman Tipolojisine Bir Örnek: Akkad Kralı Sargon
Authors: Emir Osman
Published: December 2020

Çalışmada öncelikli olarak evrensel kahraman hikâyelerin temel konuları ve ortak özellikleri ele alınacaktır. Ardından farklı zaman ve mekânlarda ortaya çıkan evrensel kahraman hikâyeleri ve bu hikâyeler arasında görülen şaşırtıcı benzerliklerin nedenleri tartışılacaktır. Daha sonra evrensel kahraman hikâyelerinin en eski örneklerinden birini temsil eden ve kayıtlara “Sargon’un doğum efsanesi” olarak geçen Akkad kralı Sargon’un doğum hikâyesinin anlatıldığı çivi yazılı metin incelenecektir. Söz konusu metinde onun yaşamı hakkında verilen bilgilerin evrensel kahraman hikâyeleri ile ne ölçüde benzerlik gösterdiği ortaya konulacak; bu hikâyenin nasıl, ne zaman ve neden yazıldığı araştırılacaktır. Sargon’a ait diğer yazılı metinler de incelenerek bu metinler arasında verilen bilgilerin uyumlu olup olmadığı tespit edilecektir. Son olarak da “Sargon’un doğum efsanesi” olarak adlandırılan metnin, sonraki dönemlerde ortaya çıkan benzer kahraman hikâyelerini ne ölçüde etkilediği, metnin bu kahraman hikâyelerinin en eski arketipi mi olduğu ve Sargon’un bu metnin de daha eski bir hikâyeden mi alındığı sorularına cevap aranacaktır.
Low pressure ratio transonic fan stall with radial distortion
Authors: Williams Tim , Hall Cesare , Wilson Mark
Published: December 2020

Numerical methods that can predict stall behaviour with non-uniform inlet conditions allow assessment of the stable operating range across flight conditions during the design of fan stages for civil aircraft. To extend the application of methods validated with clean inflow, the effect of a tip low radial distortion on the stall behaviour of a low pressure ratio transonic fan has been investigated using both high speed experiments and 3D URANS computations. The distortion is generated in the experiment using a perforated plate and this is fully represented within the computational mesh. This enables computations to reproduce the full range of flow conditions accurately without adjusting the inlet boundary condition.
Both the calculations and measurements show that the presence of the distortion decreases the stall cell rotational speed and increases the cell circumferential extent. In the calculations, the cell speed reduced from 87% to 67% of shaft speed, compared to a change of 82% to 58% in the experiment. With and without distortion, the computations show how stall inception stems from blockage formed by flow separation from the tip-section suction surface, behind the shock. In the distorted case, the more forward shock position produces the blockage further upstream, causing a greater reduction of flow to adjacent passages. This leads to a stall cell in the distorted case that is around 80% larger.
Color Stability of Flowable Composites in Different Viscosities
Authors: KORKUT Bora , HACIALI Cigdem
Published: December 2020

Objective: This in vitro study was aimed to evaluate the color stability of resin-based composite materials in different viscosities immersed in various colorant solutions.Methods: 250 composite samples of A2 shades were prepared using two high-viscosity flowable composites (G-aenial Injectable, GC, Tokyo, Japan; Estelite Super Low Flow, Tokuyama Dental, Japan A2 shade), a bulk-fill flowable composite (Filtek Bulk-Fill, 3M, USA), a low-viscosity flowable composite (Filtek Ultimate Flowable, 3M, USA), and a packable composite (Filtek Ultimate, 3M, USA). Samples were polymerized and polished from both sides with a LED curing unit (Valo Grand, Ultradent, Switzerland) and polishing discs (SofLex, 3M, USA). Then divided by test groups (n=10 for each) regarding colorant solutions; coke (CocaCola Company, USA), tea (Yellow Label, Lipton, Rize, Turkey), coffee (Nescafe Classic; Nestle, Switzerland), red wine (Doluca, Öküzgözü, Doluca, İstanbul, Turkey), and physiologic saline as the control solution. Samples were discolored for 144 hours with solutions in an incubator at 37°C, and repolished after discoloration. Color measurements were performed using a clinical spectrophotometer (EasyShade IV, Vita, Germany) and a colorimeter (ShadeStar, Dentsply Sirona, USA). Two-way Anova test and Tukey HSD test were used for statistical analyses.Results: Composite material and colorant solution were considered effective factors for influencing the color change, regarding after discoloration scores (p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). In addition, colorant solution was found more effective than the type of composite. Filtek Ultimate Flowable presented significantly the highest level of color change among others (p<0.001), for both ‘after discoloration (5,34 ± 3,78b)’ and ‘after repolishing (3,93 ± 2,23b)’ periods. No significant difference in color change was found between Gaenial Injectable, Estelite Super Low Flow, Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable, and Filtek Ultimate, and all showed imperceptible color changes (∆E*<3.7). Red wine solution showed significantly the highest level of color change (8,00 ± 2,08d) among other colorant solutions (p<0.001), and followed by coffee (4,59 ± 1,52c), tea (3,38 ± 1,21b), and coke (1,58 ± 0,99a), respectively. A strong relation was found between the spectrophotometer and colorimeter measurements.Conclusion: Viscosity was considered an effective factor for discoloration of RBCs. Color stability of high viscosity flowable composite materials were found to be good and similar to packable composite. Samples immersed in red wine showed the greatest level of discoloration and followed by coffee, tea, and coke. The repolishing procedure was considered effective for reversing back the surface discoloration of composite materials.