bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
4.5 YEARS OF MULTI-WAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF MRK 421 DURING THE ARGO-YBJ AND FERMI COMMON OPERATION TIME
Authors: Bartoli B. , Bernardini P. , Bi X. J. , Cao Z. , Catalanotti S. , Chen S. Z. , Chen T. L. , Cui S. W. , Dai B. Z. , D’Amone A. , Danzengluobu  , Mitri I. De , Piazzoli B. D’Ettorre , Girolamo T. Di , Sciascio G. Di , Feng C. F. , Feng Zhaoyang , Feng Zhenyong , Gou Q. B. , Guo Y. Q. , He H. H. , Hu Haibing , Hu Hongbo , Iacovacci M. , Iuppa R. , Jia H. Y. , Labaciren  , Li H. J. , Liu C. , Liu J. , Liu M. Y. , Lu H. , Ma L. L. , Ma X. H. , Mancarella G. , Mari S. M. , Marsella G. , Mastroianni S. , Montini P. , Ning C. C. , Perrone L. , Pistilli P. , Salvini P. , Santonico R. , Shen P. R. , Sheng X. D. , Shi F. , Surdo A. , Tan Y. H. , Vallania P. , Vernetto S. , Vigorito C. , Wang H. , Wu C. Y. , Wu H. R. , Xue L. , Yang Q. Y. , Yang X. C. , Yao Z. G. , Yuan A. F. , Zha M. , Zhang H. M. , Zhang L. , Zhang X. Y. , Zhang Y. , Zhao J. , Zhaxiciren  , Zhaxisangzhu  , Zhou X. X. , Zhu F. R. , Zhu Q. Q. ,   (The ARGO-YBJ Collaboration)
Published: January 2016

We report on the extensive multi-wavelength observations of the blazar Markarian 421 (Mrk 421) covering radio to γ-rays, during the 4.5 year period of ARGO-YBJ and Fermi common operation time, from 2008 August to 2013 February. These long-term observations, extending over an energy range of 18 orders of magnitude, provide a unique chance to study the variable emission of Mrk 421. In particular, due to the ARGO-YBJ and Fermi data, the entire energy range from 100 MeV to 10 TeV is covered without any gap. In the observation period, Mrk 421 showed both low- and high-activity states at all wavebands. The correlations among flux variations in different wavebands were analyzed. The X-ray flux is clearly correlated with the TeV γ-ray flux, while the GeV γ-rays only show a partial correlation with the TeV γ-rays. Radio and UV fluxes seem to be weakly or not correlated with the X-ray and γ-ray fluxes. Seven large flares, including five X-ray flares and two GeV γ-ray flares with variable durations (3–58 days), and one X-ray outburst phase were identified and used to investigate the variation of the spectral energy distribution with respect to a relative quiescent phase. During the outburst phase and the seven flaring episodes, the peak energy in X-rays is observed to increase from sub-keV to a few keV. The TeV γ-ray flux increases up to 0.9–7.2 times the flux of the Crab Nebula. The behavior of GeV γ-rays is found to vary depending on the flare, a feature that leads us to classify flares into three groups according to the GeV flux variation. Finally, the one-zone synchrotron self-Compton model was adopted to describe the emission spectra. Two out of three groups can be satisfactorily described using injected electrons with a power-law spectral index around 2.2, as expected from relativistic diffuse shock acceleration, whereas the remaining group requires a harder injected spectrum. The underlying physical mechanisms responsible for different groups may be related to the acceleration process or to the environment properties.
PLANCK COLD CLUMPS IN THE λ ORIONIS COMPLEX. I. DISCOVERY OF AN EXTREMELY YOUNG CLASS 0 PROTOSTELLAR OBJECT AND A PROTO-BROWN DWARF CANDIDATE IN THE BRIGHT-RIMMED CLUMP PGCC G192.32–11.88
Authors: Liu Tie , Zhang Qizhou , Kim Kee-Tae , Wu Yuefang , Lee Chang Won , Lee Jeong-Eun , Tatematsu Ken’ichi , Choi Minho , Juvela Mika , Thompson Mark , Goldsmith Paul F. , Liu Sheng-yuan , Naomi Hirano , Koch Patrick , Henkel Christian , Sanhueza Patricio , He JinHua , Rivera-Ingraham Alana , Wang Ke , Cunningham Maria R. , Tang Ya-Wen , Lai Shih-Ping , Yuan Jinghua , Li Di , Fuller Gary , Kang Miju , Luong Quang Nguyen , Liu Hauyu Baobab , Ristorcelli Isabelle , Yang Ji , Xu Ye , Hirota Tomoya , Mardones Diego , Qin Sheng-Li , Chen Huei-Ru , Kwon Woojin , Meng FanYi , Zhang Huawei , Kim Mi-Ryang , Yi Hee-Weon
Published: January 2016

We are performing a series of observations with ground-based telescopes toward Planck Galactic cold clumps (PGCCs) in the λ Orionis complex in order to systematically investigate the effects of stellar feedback. In the particular case of PGCC G192.32–11.88, we discovered an extremely young Class 0 protostellar object (G192N) and a proto-brown dwarf candidate (G192S). G192N and G192S are located in a gravitationally bound bright-rimmed clump. The velocity and temperature gradients seen in line emission of CO isotopologues indicate that PGCC G192.32–11.88 is externally heated and compressed. G192N probably has the lowest bolometric luminosity (∼0.8

) and accretion rate (6.3 × 10−7

yr−1) when compared with other young Class 0 sources (e.g., PACS Bright Red Sources) in the Orion complex. It has slightly larger internal luminosity (0.21 ± 0.01

) and outflow velocity (∼14 km s−1) than the predictions of first hydrostatic cores (FHSCs). G192N might be among the youngest Class 0 sources, which are slightly more evolved than an FHSC. Considering its low internal luminosity (0.08 ± 0.01

) and accretion rate (2.8 × 10−8

yr−1), G192S is an ideal proto-brown dwarf candidate. The star formation efficiency (∼0.3%–0.4%) and core formation efficiency (∼1%) in PGCC G192.32–11.88 are significantly smaller than in other giant molecular clouds or filaments, indicating that the star formation therein is greatly suppressed owing to stellar feedback.
MESA ISOCHRONES AND STELLAR TRACKS (MIST) 0: METHODS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF STELLAR ISOCHRONES
Authors: Dotter Aaron
Published: January 2016

I describe a method to transform a set of stellar evolution tracks onto a uniform basis and then interpolate within that basis to construct stellar isochrones. This method accommodates a broad range of stellar types, from substellar objects to high-mass stars, and phases of evolution, from the pre-main sequence to the white dwarf cooling sequence. I discuss situations in which stellar physics leads to departures from the otherwise monotonic relation between initial stellar mass and lifetime, and how these may be dealt with in isochrone construction. I close with convergence tests and recommendations for the number of points in the uniform basis and the mass between tracks in the original grid required to achieve a certain level accuracy in the resulting isochrones. The programs that implement these methods are free and open-source; they may be obtained from the project webpage.1
La propagation du son chez Dortous de Mairan (1737) : Des particules d’air de différentes élasticités
Authors: Baskevitch François
Published: January 2016

Dans l’ Optique (1704), Newton fait une analogie entre les couleurs et les sons musicaux. À partir de cette analogie, Dortous de Mairan formule une hypothèse sur la propagation du son en imaginant que l’air est composé de particules de différentes grosseurs et de différentes élasticités. Cette théorie est présentée dans un discours à l’Académie royale des sciences en 1737 et provoque des réactions dans la communauté savante dans les années 1740. Il s’agit d’une des dernières tentatives pour défendre les représentations cartésiennes face à une physique de plus en plus mathématisée.
The Curious Case of QP.6: The Reception of Archimedes’ Mechanics by Federico Commandino and Guidobaldo dal Monte
Authors: Frank Martin
Published: January 2016

Cet article traite de la réception de la mécanique d’Archimède par Federico Commandino et Guidobaldo dal Monte, et plus particulièrement de leur interprétation d’un passage crucial de La Quadrature de la parabole . Confrontés l’un et l’autre au problème de savoir à quelle conception de l’équilibre Archimède s’y réfère, ils ne semblent pas s’être tellement préoccupés de l’établissement minutieux du texte de cette théorie mécanique. Ceci conduit à s’interroger sur les caractéristiques principales de ce qu’on appelle l’“humanisme mathématique,” dans la mesure où l’on considère généralement que ces deux chefs de file de l’école d’Urbino et protagonistes de l’ Archimedean Revival ont adopté une approche philologique du rétablissement des textes mathématiques antiques.
Leibniz et le virtuel
Authors: Parmentier Marc
Published: January 2016

Compte tenu de l’attention accordée par certains lecteurs et commentateurs à la notion de virtualité dans la philosophie leibnizienne, l’objectif de l’article est de repérer les occurrences du terme « virtuel » dans les textes de Leibniz, tant dans des contextes philosophiques que scientifiques (logique, mathématique et physique). Cette recension fait apparaître que les occurrences du terme sont limitées et ne s’éloignent guère de ses emplois chez les auteurs scolastiques. La virtualité doit donc être plutôt rattachée à la liste des concepts réhabilités par Leibniz qu’interprétée comme une anticipation de sa signification dans la culture contemporaine.
Le défi de la foi : la raison étrangère à elle-même ?
Authors: Monjo Roger
Published: January 2016

Résumé En faisant appel à la notion de société post-séculière pour mettre en perspective historique le moment contemporain marqué par un retour du religieux , Habermas fait-il, au fond, le constat d’un échec, au moins provisoire, du processus de la sécularisation qui a affecté les sociétés occidentales depuis le début des Temps Modernes ? Ou bien, ne signale-t-il pas plutôt une sorte d’approfondissement de ce mouvement par le franchissement du cap de la réflexion , marqué par une réorganisation des rapports entre foi et raison ? Mais, dans ce cas, qu’en est-il alors, aujourd’hui, de la portée et de la légitimité du principe de laïcité dont on avait pu faire un point d’aboutissement de cette histoire de la modernité ?
Vivre en étranger dans le monde ?
Authors: Dubreucq Éric
Published: January 2016

Résumé Une mise en perspective archéologique des figures de l’étranger qui, au cours des siècles, se sont accumulées dans notre culture permet de détecter trois grandes strates. Les deux premières, présentes dans la controverse opposant Plotin aux gnostiques, opposent à la valorisation d’une figure de l’étranger refusant le monde et cherchant son salut dans une communauté séparée celle d’un homme habitant un monde organisé par l’aspiration de son existence sensible à une communauté idéale et universelle, fondant ici bas son existence pleine et entière. À cette problématisation ancienne vient s’ajouter, à l’entrée des temps modernes, la figure pascalienne de l’égarement, c’est-à-dire de l’intériorisation de l’« estrangement » de la nature humaine comme condition de la fondation et de l’organisation de sa présence dans le monde. Dans ce nouveau rapport à soi, l’opposition archaïque de la communauté séparée et de la communauté universelle cède le pas à la prise en charge d’une étrangeté constitutive des individus peuplant un monde commun.
Graphical Simulation System for Functional Analysis of a Parallel Robot for Transperineal Prostate Biopsy
Authors: Pîslă Doina , Tucan Paul , Gherman Bogdan , Crișan Nicolae , Plitea Nicolae , Covaciu Florin
Published: January 2016

The paper presents the functional analysis of a parallel robotic system used for transperineal prostate biopsy. A simulation system to study the robot functional analysis was developed using the integrated MATLAB software. Given the fact that the robotic system is used in a medical environment, it has to meet certain safety requirements indicated by the medical doctors. In order to fulfill these needs an appeal to complex simulation software has to be made to help choosing the best kinematic solution for the robotic system. The designed simulation software offers a correlation between the structure of the robot and the surrounding medical environment, pointing out its workspace and possible configurations that might harm the human patient during the biopsy.
Experimental Approach Regarding the Analysis of Human Complex Motions
Authors: Marin Mihnea , Copilusi Petre Cristian , Rusu Ligia
Published: January 2016

In this paper an experimental research was performed in case of a human complex motion. The research aim was to evaluate the joint trajectories and angular variations of the main human locomotion system. Thus an experimental motion analysis was performed, by using two modern equipments in parallel, one called VICON Equipment and the other called CONTEMPLAS. The experimental activity was developed on a human subject when perform a complex motion for hitting a ball. The obtained results will be useful for the improvement of the athletes’ complex motions on sports such as football in the way of conserving the energy or to reshape the foot behavior when strikes the ball.
Comparative Study of Cervical Classic Systems and Test Dummies Biofidelic of Road Accidents
Authors: Stefanita Ciunel , Bebe Tica , Dragos Tutunea
Published: January 2016

Evolution of accidentology science, computer engineering and systems of data collection and processing has allowed in recent years, development of border areas that make the connection between life sciences and engineering.This paper tries to prove that this link exists and can be emphasized by using scientific instruments. In recent years, following the development of the automotive industry has increased the need for design and development of systems for testing biofidelity impact of vehicles, since the phase of the virtual model or prototype "zero", with visible effects in improving the safety of road users.In general, it is considered that the development of automotive mannequins to test different types of impact, will lead to continuous improvement of safety of the driver and passengers.
Synthesis of the Mechanisms Used for Reverse Driving on Continuously Variable Transmissions (CVT)
Authors: Antonescu Ovidiu , Brezeanu Constantin , Antonescu Păun
Published: January 2016

The paper presents two kinematic schemes of the reverse driving mechanism on CVT’s, the first one for rear-wheel drive, and the second one for front-wheel drive. For the first kinematic scheme, the reverse driving mechanism consists of a planetary cylindrical gear set and a multi-disk brake. In order to achieve a better efficiency for reverse driving, the authors propose a new kinematic structure of a planetary cylindrical gear mechanism, simpler than the existing designs. While describing a synthesis of the new kinematic solution, special attention was granted to maintaining the advantages of each of the two existing mechanisms, and highlighting the advantage of using less cylindrical gears.
Metal Pushing V-Belt Continuously Variable Transmissions (CVT) Used in Motor Vehicles
Authors: Antonescu Ovidiu
Published: January 2016

The paper presents 3D modeling of a trapezoidal element (V-element) of a metal pushing V-belt. This type of belt is used on the Continuously Variable Transmissions (CVT) with friction pulleys that equip low and medium capacity motor vehicles. Also, the structural analysis of the V-belt element with regards to the material strength is presented. Modeling and simulation have been accomplished by an advanced CAD – CAM – CAE software which permits three-dimensional virtual design of the V-element or the entire belt.
The Dynamic Simulation of a Gear - The Conveyance Error Associate with the Eccentricity Faults
Authors: Cataneanu Mihnea , Cataneanu Adina
Published: January 2016

As is known, the gearing seems the principal excitation source into the components of the power transmission. The momentary movements of pinion driving gear and driven gear are represented by six liberty degrees, three translations and three rotations. The fluctuations of the conveyance error and of the gearing rigidity are the principal causes of the excitations associated to this one. For the conveyance error, it is necessary to tell the consequences of the elastic deformations from the kinematic consequences associated to the gearing of the non-mating profiles. In this paper is presented the simulation of the conveyance error associated to the eccentricity faults. In order to obtain the dynamic response it is suggested the using of the integral Laplace’s transform.
Structural and Kinematic Features of a 2 DOF Speed Increaser for Renewable Energy Systems
Authors: Saulescu Radu , Jaliu Codruta , Neagoe Mircea
Published: January 2016

The counter-rotating wind turbine is a relatively new concept of wind converter that contains two rotors placed on the same side or on both sides of the nacelle with the aim of increasing the wind energy conversion efficiency. As the rotors are rotating at a lower speed than the generator requires, the wind turbine usually contains a speed increaser to harmonize their running regimes. Similar counter-rotating systems are approached for hydro applications but they are still in the research phase.The paper proposes a novel concept of a 2 DOF speed increaser to be used in counter-rotating systems (wind or hydro). The structural and kinematic features of the 1 DOF and 2 DOF transmission running cases are presented in the paper. The differential transmission is further analyzed and the transmission functions and efficiency are established. Finally, conclusions regarding the use of 2 DOF transmissions in the renewable energy systems are formulated.
Analysis and Processing of Index Tests Results at Double-Adjust Hydraulic Turbines with a Computer-Aided Design Software
Authors: Cuzmoş Adrian , Nedelcu Dorian , Câmpian Constantin Viorel , Fănică Cristian , Budai Ana Maria
Published: January 2016

The paper presents a method developed and used by the CCHAPT researchers for the graphic plotting of the index tests results for hydraulic turbines, the comparison of the efficiency curves resulted from testing to those obtained by the model transposition [1] i.e. the determination and comparison of the existing combinatory cam with that obtained from tests.The method presented in the paper was born from the need for processing and presenting the results of index tests within the shortest delay and eliminating the errors that might occur in the results plotting.
Theoretical and Experimental Studies on the Motion of a Pneumatically Actuated Manipulator
Authors: Romanescu Alina Elena , Grigorie Laura Diana , Vintilă Daniela
Published: January 2016

The current study reveals a method of cinematic calculus of a manipulator, whose geometry has been created according to the model of a plant.
The calculus method has been experimentally checked on a scale model.
A Dynamic Analysis Based on MBD ADAMS Program for a Variant of Quadruped Robot
Authors: Pop Florina , Lovasz Erwin Christian , Dolga Valer , Ceccarelli Marco , Mărgineanu Dan , Pop Cristian
Published: January 2016

For stability and impact reaction forces assessment of a quadruped robot during walking, a dynamic analysis is considered. For this purpose, a variant of a quadruped robot based on Jansen mechanism is presented. For interpreting the influence of the reaction forces from the ground during walking, the analysis was conducted with help of ADAMS software using a 3D model of the robot. Material specifications, forces and moments acting in the robot structure were considered. Graphical results obtained regarding the ground reaction forces are displayed. Also a reduced mass moment of inertia at the crankshaft is taken into consideration based on Lagrange motion equation and generalized coordinates.
Ackerman Model for a Six-Wheeled Robot (ACM1PT)
Authors: Avilés Oscar F.S. , Segura Crhistian C.G. , Hernandez Juan C.M. , Mauledoux Mauricio M. , Dutra Max Suell
Published: January 2016

The article is aimed at presenting the development of a kinematic model for the control of a mobile robot 6 wheel, all with both traction and rotation, the Ackerman model was chosen because the robot will move through paths designed for cars, and as it avoids slipping. Two models of simulation in MATLAB, one in continuous and one discrete space are also presented
Aspects about Sintering Behaviour of a Titanium Hydride Powder Based Alloy Used for Automotive Components
Authors: Pascu Cristina Ileana , Gheorghe Stefan , Dumitru Ilie , Nicolicescu Claudiu
Published: January 2016

For this study with high originality, some aspects about the sintering behaviour of Titanium based alloy used for automotive components are presented. This paper presents the experimental results concerning the processing of Ti based alloy by Powder Metallurgy (PM) technology. The initial powder mixture consists in TiH2 micrometric powder particles that have been combined with some metallic powders for improving the final mechanic-chemicals and functional properties for using in the automotive industry. The classical PM route have been applied for obtaining a low-cost Ti- alloy.As a result it was compulsory to study the parameters that influence the densification process and the sintered properties, depending on the sintering temperature. The experimental test results were processed using the STATISTICA program. Therefore the influence of these sintering temperatures on the height and diameter shrinkages, density and hardness for the alloys based on Ti micrometric powders has been studied.
Friction of the Polymers - Experimental Results and Analytical Model
Authors: Rusu Mihai , Daniela Ionita , Benchea Marcelin , Carlescu Vlad , Olaru Dumitru
Published: January 2016

To determine the friction forces and friction coefficient in dry and lubricated conditions between steel and a triol crosslinked polyurethane, the authors developed a new experimental method consist in sliding of a steel cylinder on a plate polymer sample in the direction of the cylinder axis. By using this method the experiments were realized on a deformed path in the polymer sample by maintaining the same pressure distribution between the contact elements during the experiments. The experiments were realized with normal load between 1 N and 8 N and a cyclic linear speed having values between 1mm/s and 10 mm/s. Were determined the friction forces and friction coefficients in dry and lubricated contacts. An analytical model to evaluate the friction force in the cylinder – polymer contact surface has been developed and a good correlation with the experiments was obtained.
Fuzzy Logic Treatment of the Laminated Composites Fracture
Authors: Popescu Daniela , Cernăianu Corina , Bratu Cristian , Stăncuț Eugenia
Published: January 2016

No one wants a material to fail. If it does happen then we have to know what the causes are and then what is the intensity at which it fails. To do this, we to do many experimental tests. The laboratory data for the laminated composites fractures normally exhibit scatter. This implies an element of uncertainty or vagueness in the results. Fuzzy logic is a natural means of expressing vague categories of information through fuzzy sets and offers means of performing logical operations. In this paper are considered some aspects regarding laminated composites fractures using fuzzy logic methods. The fuzzy logic treatment of the case considered in this work clearly show some risk of failures at lower parameter levels than might be expected using a deterministic treatment in which the vagueness of knowledge is masked and which might not be safeguard against by using a factor of safety value.
New Mechanisms Used for Generating Circular Translation Motion
Authors: Antonescu Păun , Veliscu Viorica , Robu Tanta Catalina
Published: January 2016

The curve line translation motion can be generated in the particular form of the circular translation, through mono-mobile mechanisms with articulated links of simple parallelogram type (with a fixed side) or through transmission with toothed belt with a fixed wheel. Also, the circular translation can be generated through planar mechanisms with two cylindrical gears with a fixed central wheel. It is mentioned that the two cylindrical gearings of the Fergusson mechanisms are both exterior and interior.
Movements of Plants – A Source of Information for the Mechanisms of Robots
Authors: Romanescu Alina Elena , Grigorie Laura Diana , Vintilă Daniela
Published: January 2016

The current paper presents an experimental study of the movements of plants, as well as various conclusions of the research. The main idea is that the general movement of a plant under the action of the wind is a very complex one, and it can be studied within the research for creating mechanical systems based on the same principles.
To Infer the early Evolution of Mollusc Shell Microstructures
Authors: Vendrasco Michael J. , Rodríguez-Navarro Alejandro B. , Checa Antonio G. , Devaere Léa , Porter Susannah M.
Published: January 2016

To infer the early evolution of mollusc shell microstructures we must know the most ancient fossil record of molluscs. Fortunately the shells of many early molluscs are preserved via internal coatings and replacements by apatite that record sub-micrometer structural details that otherwise would be lost during diagenetic recrystallization. We herein discuss the methodology by which one can infer original shell microstructure from phosphatized fossils, pointing out the main problems and solutions in interpreting these traces of original shell crystal morphology. We also review the information these fossils have provided about the earliest evolution of the mollusc shell. Our long-term goal is to create a dataset of microstructures in early molluscs, which will be useful in understanding the incipient evolutionary arms race between molluscs and their predators, and will help elucidate how the mollusc biomineralization toolkit was built through time.
Mytilus galloprovincialis Carbonic Anhydrase II: Activity and cDNA Sequence Analysis
Authors: Pavičić-Hamer Dijana , Baričević Ana , Gerdol Marco , Hamer Bojan
Published: January 2016

The esterase activity of carbonic anhydrase (CA) was investigated in mussels sampled at 24 locations along the Croatian coast of Adriatic Sea. The gills were the target tissue because the respiratory, ionic transport and pH regulatory enzyme function of CA and its potential usage as biomarkers of environmental pollution was the main topic. Total esterase activity was measured in cytosolic fraction by colorimetric end-point reaction using p-nitrophenyl acetate as enzyme substrate. CA activity was estimated by the same enzymatic reaction using acetazolamide as a specific CA inhibitor. The results of total esterase activities in winter (March; all sites average value 0.137±0.057) were lower than determined for summer season (August; 0.153±0.036) at almost all investigated locations. CA activities determined in gills of mussel sampled in winter ranged from 1.75% to 24.65% of total esterase activities and in summer samples were lower (0.83 to 13.45%). Although recent research showed potential application of CA activity in bioassay and biomarker in pollution studies, further research is needed. Here we report a short-term simple colorimetric microplate method which can be applied for analyses of large numbers of samples. Furthermore in this study we characterized full length coding sequence (cDNA) of M. galloprovincialis carbonic anhydrase II (CAII). The CAII cDNA (with the 5’ and 3’ untranslated regions) is 1317 bp long. The putative open reading frame encodes a polypeptide of 256 amino acids, with a theoretical pI/Mw 5.87/28.416 kDa and conserved domains (active site and zinc binding site).
Properties and Characterization of Chitosan/Collagen/PMMA Composites Containing Hydroxyapatite
Authors: Sionkowska Alina , Kaczmarek Beata , Trokowska Paulina , Antoniac Iulian Vasile
Published: January 2016

In this paper several properties of new materials based on polymer blends were studied. The properties of composites made of the blends of chitosan and collagen with addition of poly (methyl methacrylate) and hydroxyapatite were investigated. Mechanical properties, thermal analysis, FTIR spectra and SEM images were obtained for different blends of chitosan/collagen in weight ratios 75/25, 50/50, 25/75. Poly (methyl methacrylate) was used in ratios 15, 50 and 85 wt% based on chitosan. The influence of the addition of hydroxyapatite to the polymer blends on their properties was tested. The results showed that the amount of components can influence on the mechanical properties observed for obtained materials.
Crystallography and Textural Aspects of Crossed Lamellar Layers in Arcidae (Bivalvia, Mollusca) Shells
Authors: Almagro Ío , Drzymała Piotr , Rodríguez-Navarro Alejandro B. , Sainz-Díaz C. Ignacio , Willinger Marc G. , Bonarski Jan , Checa Antonio G.
Published: January 2016

Bivalve shell microstructures are important traits that can be used for evolutionary and phylogenetic studies. Here we examine the crossed lamellar layers forming the shells of the arcoids, Arca noae, Glycymeris glycymeris and Glycymeris nummaria in order to better understand the crystallography of this complex biomaterial. Textural aspects and crystallography of the outer crossed lamellar layer of these species have been clarified using high-resolution electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. These shells are made of aragonite crystals in a crossed lamellar arrangement with a high preferred crystal orientation (texture). The distribution of maxima in the pole figures implies that there is not a single crystallographic pattern within the measured area, but a continuous variation between two classes of distinct patterns. In the first of these, there is a set of four crystal orientations (referred to as upper set). These four crystal orientations are distributed in two pairs (which are coplanar), with the crystals of each pair being twinned on {110}. The pairs are tilted with respect to each other by approximately 20-40º around an axis perpendicular to the {110} common twinning plane. In the second pattern (referred to as lower set), the crystal orientations of each pair are rotated around a <–110> direction until the a-axes of the diametrically opposing crystal orientations of two different twinned pairs become parallel. As a result of this rotation, in the lower set the crystal orientations no longer form pairs twinned on {110}.These crystallographic relationships are unknown in inorganic aragonite. Our results are similar to those reported for the neogastropod Conus marmoreus. Thus, the common crossed lamellar crystallography in the arcoid bivalves and in C. marmoreus is a striking example of convergence in the development of crossed lamellar microstructures.
Mixed Frobenius Structure and Local Quantum Cohomology
Authors: Konishi Yukiko , Minabe Satoshi
Published: January 2016

In a previous paper, the authors introduced the notion of mixed Frobenius structure (MFS) as a generalization of the structure of a Frobenius manifold. Roughly speaking, the MFS is defined by replacing a metric of the Frobenius manifold with a filtration on the tangent bundle equipped with metrics on its graded quotients. The purpose of the current paper is to construct a MFS on the cohomology of a smooth projective variety whose multiplication is the nonequivariant limit of the quantum product twisted by a concave vector bundle. We show that such a MFS is naturally obtained as the nonequivariant limit of the Frobenius structure in the equivariant setting.
Implementation of 2D Domain Decomposition in the UCAN Gyrokinetic Particle-in-Cell Code and Resulting Performance of UCAN2
Authors: Leboeuf Jean-Noel G. , Decyk Viktor K. , Newman David E. , Sanchez Raul
Published: January 2016

The massively parallel, nonlinear, three-dimensional (3D), toroidal, electrostatic, gyrokinetic, particle-in-cell (PIC), Cartesian geometry UCAN code, with particle ions and adiabatic electrons, has been successfully exercised to identify non-diffusive transport characteristics in present day tokamak discharges. The limitation in applying UCAN to larger scale discharges is the 1D domain decomposition in the toroidal (or z-) direction for massively parallel implementation using MPI which has restricted the calculations to a few hundred ion Larmor radii or gyroradii per plasma minor radius. To exceed these sizes, we have implemented 2D domain decomposition in UCAN with the addition of the y-direction to the processor mix. This has been facilitated by use of relevant components in the P2LIB library of field and particle management routines developed for UCLA's UPIC Framework of conventional PIC codes. The gyro-averaging specific to gyrokinetic codes is simplified by the use of replicated arrays for efficient charge accumulation and force deposition. The 2D domain-decomposed UCAN2 code reproduces the original 1D domain nonlinear results within round-off. Benchmarks of UCAN2 on the Cray XC30 Edison at NERSC demonstrate ideal scaling when problem size is increased along with processor number up to the largest power of 2 available, namely 131,072 processors. These particle weak scaling benchmarks also indicate that the 1 nanosecond per particle per time step and 1 TFlops barriers are easily broken by UCAN2 with 1 billion particles or more and 2000 or more processors.
Towards Translational Invariance of Total Energy with Finite Element Methods for Kohn-Sham Equation
Authors: Bao Gang , Hu Guanghui , Liu Di
Published: January 2016

Numerical oscillation of the total energy can be observed when the Kohn- Sham equation is solved by real-space methods to simulate the translational move of an electronic system. Effectively remove or reduce the unphysical oscillation is crucial not only for the optimization of the geometry of the electronic structure, but also for the study of molecular dynamics. In this paper, we study such unphysical oscillation based on the numerical framework in [G. Bao, G. H. Hu, and D. Liu, An h-adaptive finite element solver for the calculations of the electronic structures, Journal of Computational Physics, Volume 231, Issue 14, Pages 4967–4979, 2012], and deliver some numerical methods to constrain such unphysical effect for both pseudopotential and all-electron calculations, including a stabilized cubature strategy for Hamiltonian operator, and an a posteriori error estimator of the finite element methods for Kohn-Sham equation. The numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on restraining unphysical oscillation of the total energies.
A Fast Solver for anH1Regularized PDE-Constrained Optimization Problem
Authors: Barker Andrew T. , Rees Tyrone , Stoll Martin
Published: January 2016

In this paper we consider PDE-constrained optimization problems which incorporate anH1regularization control term. We focus on a time-dependent PDE, and consider both distributed and boundary control. The problems we consider include bound constraints on the state, and we use a Moreau-Yosida penalty function to handle this. We propose Krylov solvers and Schur complement preconditioning strategies for the different problems and illustrate their performance with numerical examples.
I thought you’d never become one of us
Authors: Bisley Charles
Published: January 2016

In this paper, I describe a collaborative process in which  a class of grade 6&7 students made and performed two plays, and also transformed their learning. In this process, a reconfiguring of the spaces of learning,  the students and I adapted a variety of literacy and drama practices; a key change in practice was the shift away from an instrumental mode of dialogue in which the teacher occupies the superior position of knower and evaluator, towards a Bakhtinian mode in which dialogue, as heteroglossic, moves between all the participants, and becomes the main purpose of learning. In a dynamic combination of linguistic, theatrical, and relational meaning making, the students moved clear of the outcomes-based learning that had hitherto stultified their interactions and language. As a result, they developed a new creative agency, both singly and as a collective, and an authoritative discourse. They left this discourse open for me to join, and also continue afterwards, as I have done here, by presenting and interpreting their voices, and including new ones.[1][1] EDITORIAL NOTE: Charles Bisley’s article is an unusual and brave attempt to transcend the current norms of scholarly and academic genres and create a polyphonic article in which he describes a year long educational event through the voices of all of its participants – among which he counts not only his students and himself, and their audience of parents and the school authorities, but also includes educational, literary and philosophical authors who inspired him and whose thoughts guided him in his actions and reflections during and after his project in creating dramatic spaces and times with his students. His writing has elements of reflective auto-ethnography, Woolfian lyrical stream of consciousness, dialogic double-voicedness and a storytelling narrative that is intended to transport the reader into an experience of the dramatic enfolding of the events and their protagonists, actors and directors: his students and himself. Although, his work doesn’t follow what is currently assumed to be the scientific criteria regarding form, length or standard components, we find it interesting and valuable as a polyphonic approach and qualitative study.
L’histoire d’une rencontre singulière : Cordoue et le Guadalquivir (VIIIe-XIIIe siècles)
Authors: Christine Mazzoli Guintard
Published: January 2016

Les sources textuelles arabes et les archives du sol mettent en évidence à quel point le Guadalquivir, tout au long des siècles islamiques de son histoire, a toujours entretenu avec Cordoue d’étroites relations : le fleuve contribua à forger une ville ouverte sur le fleuve, et le fleuve s’ouvrit sur la ville, qui aménagea ses berges pour en tirer des ressources. Cette interaction déboucha sur une rencontre singulière, celle de deux rives unies par le pont romain, mais qui se tournaient le dos.
Dos miradas a Alándalus, desde el Nuevo Mundo
Authors: Martinez Lillo Rosa Isabel
Published: January 2016

La mirada de los poetas chilenos de origen árabe Emilio Mohor Zummers (1920-2002) y Olga Lolas Nazrala (1927) hacia Alándalus.
Tradición oral ḥassāní: el léxico nómada de las adivinanzas.
Authors: Ould Mohamed Baba Ahmed Salem
Published: January 2016

Este artículo contiene el léxico nómada de las adivinanzas ḥassāníes las cuales forman parte de la tradición oral ḥassāní.
La ciudad de Sevilla como escenario. Releyendo a Ibn Sahib al-Salat
Authors: Roldán Castro Fátima
Published: January 2016

En este artículo se presenta una nueva versión de varios textos incluidos en al-Mann bi-l-Imāma de Ibn Ṣāḥib al-Ṣalāt. Los textos seleccionados se analizan desde los sutiles recursos literarios de su autor, desde las perspectivas del cuidadísimo programa de propaganda puesto en marcha por los almohades, y desde el impacto paisajístico que debió significar el diseño de Sevilla como nueva capital, así como la perpetuación de algunos de sus valores simbólicos y emblemáticos hasta el día de hoy.
La imagen fronteriza de Antequera en los textos andalusíes
Authors: Peláez Rovira Antonio Miguel
Published: January 2016

Antequera en época medieval ha sido objeto de atención por parte de investigadores de diversas disciplinas (medievalistas, arabistas, arqueólogos), que han destacado su importancia en diferentes momentos de la historia andalusí y post-andalusí. Destacan en particular los sucesos en torno a 1410 cuando el infante don Fernando conquista la plaza para la corona de Castilla. A partir de ese momento Antequera se situó en la frontera a lo largo de todo el siglo XV. A través de un variado repertorio de textos andalusíes, este artículo pone de relieve la imagen fronteriza que los textos ofrecen sobre Antequera a lo largo de su historia andalusí, más allá del concreto período de efectiva frontera castellano-granadina.
Análisis de las dos líneas de transmisión del tratado de Tudmīr (94 H./713 e.C.)
Authors: Franco-Sánchez Francisco
Published: January 2016

Análisis de las dos líneas de transmisión del tratado de Tudmīr (94 H./713 e.C.)Los dos textos principales de las líneas de transmisión del tratado de Tudmīr (94 H/713 e.C.), incluidos por al-‘Uḏrī y al-Ḍabbī en sus respectivas obras, son editados y traducidos en base a la relectura de los manuscritos que los contienen y de ello se extraen una serie de conclusiones sobre su proceso de copia. Luego son comparados los dos textos entre sí y se enumeran una serie de diferencias textuales. Finalmente, como hipótesis interpretativa se propone que el texto de al-‘Uḏrī es el más antiguo, y habría sido copiado de un traslado del original por su autor, mientras que la transmisión de al-Ḍabbī habría sido más reciente y se habría fundado en otra fuente más antigua que habría puesto por escrito un relato oral del texto.
Leadership Styles of Principals and Teachers of Nigerian Unity Schools: Using School Environment as a Tool For School Achievement
Authors: Uthman Khalil Yusuf , Bn Don Yahya , Latif Kasim Abd
Published: January 2016

Collaborative, non-traditional leadership practices have attracted little attention in research about sustainable school achievement in Nigerian unity schools.  The involvement of teachers in the administration of schools is well justified and arise from the need to boost school environment for the sake of attaining school achievement. The absence of teachers in the administration of unity schools impedes the proper attainment of school achievement. The purpose of this research is to reports on the outcomes of transformational leadership efforts in Nigerian unity schools aimed at enhancing the use of teachers in the administrative set-up.  This study was carried out in seven selected unity schools all located in the north-eastern part of Nigeria. The study used  Multifactor questionnaire 5x, School level environment questionnaire (SLEQ) and School Improvement questionnaire (SIQ) with 5 Likert-scale that involved the use of 800 questionnaires which were sent in which 790 were returned and 760 found valid for data analysis. Participants were drawn from a wide range of disciplines across the sampled schools. The establishment and operation of these school relied on a transformational leadership methodology by principals that facilitates acts of initiative, innovation, vision and courage through group interaction rather than through designated hierarchical roles. This research used the quantitative approach.  The study found out that transformational leadership approach is effective in overcoming problems associated with lack of involvement of teachers in the building of a fruitful environment capable of bringing a good school achievement through cultivating the habit of a transformational leader, the principals of unity schools enabled teachers and other stake holders to engage in peer-led professional learning, collaborative curriculum and pedagogical development, and to facilitate wider institutional change (school achievement). This paper demonstrates that the transformational leadership model for a high school achievement reported here is effective in building capacity for both teachers and students via involvement of teachers in building the environment. The model is flexible enough for a variety of institutional settings, and hence, recommends the use of teachers in secondary school’s administration.
Study of Transfer Properties on Fresh Cement Pastes; Laboratory Experiments: Discontinue Measurements using a Permeameter
Authors: Claude Tchamba Jean , Gautier L. J. Bikoko Théodore
Published: January 2016

The study of hydraulic conductivity or permeability (k) of fresh cement pastes is a fundamental stage to understand the concrete placement in their formworks, and for the more extended study of the rheology of cementitious materials at fresh state. The results here are obtained on fresh cement pastes (PC) PC30, PC36 and PC40 with water- to- cement ratio (w/c) of 0.30, 0.36 and 0.40 respectively with a classical permeameter traditionally used in geotechnical for soil permeability measurements: the constant head permeameter. It has the advantage of allowing accurate measurements and staggered over time. The analysis of results obtained are in agreement with those obtained elsewhere in the literature.
Acupuncture for the Management of Postdural Puncture Headache: A Case Report
Authors: Chang Alexandra , Acquah Joseph , Reddy Sanjay , Chao Maria T.
Published: January 2016

Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) is a recognized complication of neuraxial anesthesia. This case report documents 1 patient who developed PDPH following epidural anesthesia for postoperative pain control. The patient declined conventional treatments, including an epidural blood patch and intravenous caffeine. This report documents successful use of adjunct acupuncture for the management of PDPH. Additional research on acupuncture as a potential adjunctive therapy for PDPH is needed, particularly for patients who are reluctant to receive more invasive treatments.
Stories of Growth and Wisdom: A Mixed-Methods Study of People Living Well with Pain
Authors: Owens Justine E. , Menard Martha , Plews-Ogan Margaret , Calhoun Lawrence G. , Ardelt Monika
Published: January 2016

Chronic pain remains a daunting clinical challenge, affecting 30% of people in the United States and 20% of the global population. People meeting this challenge by achieving wellbeing while living with pain are a virtually untapped source of wisdom about this persistent problem. Employing a concurrent mixed-methods design, we studied 80 people living with chronic pain with “positive stories to tell” using semi-structured interviews and standardized questionnaires. In-depth interviews focused on what helped, what hindered, how they changed, and advice for others in similar circumstances. Major qualitative themes included acceptance, openness, self-efficacy, hope, perseverance, self-regulation, kinesthetic awareness, holistic approaches and integrative therapies, self-care, spirituality, social support, and therapeutic lifestyle behaviors such as music, writing, art, gardening, and spending time in nature. Themes of growth and wisdom included enhanced relationships, perspective, clarity, strength, gratitude, compassion, new directions, and spiritual change. Based on narrative analysis of the interviews and Ardelt's Three-Dimensional Wisdom Model, participants were divided into 2 groups: 59 wisdom exemplars and 21 nonexemplars. Non-exemplar themes were largely negative and in direct contrast to the exemplar themes. Quantitatively, wisdom exemplars scored significantly higher in Openness and Agreeableness and lower in Neuroticism compared to non-exemplars. Wisdom exemplars also scored higher in Wisdom, Gratitude, Forgiveness, and Posttraumatic Growth than non-exemplars, and more exemplars used integrative therapies compared to the non-exemplars. As a whole, the exemplar narratives illustrate a Positive Approach Model (PAM) for living well with pain, which allows for a more expansive pain narrative, provides positive role models for patients and clinicians, and contributes to a broader theoretical perspective on persistent pain.
Integrative Medicine Approach to Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Anxiety: a Case Report
Authors: Couture Danielle Chung , Chung Myung Kyu , Shinnick Phillip , Curzon Jonathan , Mcclure Mark J. , Lariccia Patrick J.
Published: January 2016

Pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is prevalent in 1% to 2% of the population. Emerging studies have correlated non-celiac gluten sensitivity with psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia, depression, mania, and anxiety. This case study is the first reported case of OCD associated with non-celiac gluten sensitivity. The objectives of this case report are to (1) identify gluten sensitivity as a possible contributing factor to OCD in some patients; and (2) point out the possible benefit of an integrative medicine approach to the management of OCD in a patient with suboptimal benefit from a standard treatment regime. A 7-year-old male treated at a multi-physician integrative medicine practice in the United States had marked reduction of OCD symptoms and anxiety along with marked improvement of social behavior and school work after treatment consisting of gluten avoidance and other integrative medicine modalities. The patient's rapid response without side effects behooves the medical research community to further investigate the association of non-celiac gluten sensitivity and pediatric OCD.