bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The use of the multiple knapsack problem in strategic management of a private Polish university
Authors: Kuchta Dorota , Rynca Radoslaw , Skorupka Dariusz , Duchaczek Artur
Published: December 2018

Purpose

In the literature, there are many methods that can be helpful in strategic management of universities. Some of them are related to the aspect of sustainability, in terms of balancing the level of fulfillment of different, often conflicting objectives, which must be considered when building strategies. These methods include product/service portfolio ones. However, their use is often intuitive and detached from the quantitative aspects of management. The purpose of this paper is to present a proposal of the modification of the portfolio methods through the use of one of discrete optimization problems, namely, the multiple knapsack problem. The proposal is applied to a selected university. The results are presented and discussed.

Design/methodology/approach

The research methodology consists in a conceptual work: combining non-quantitative portfolio methods used in strategic management and the quantitative multiple knapsack problem. The analogy is established between a market sector (capacity) and a knapsack (capacity), a university department value and an object value, the university improvement budget and a knapsack, an object cost and an improvement measure cost. Then, the case study is used to conduct an initial validation of the proposed approach.

Findings

A quantitative model for strategic management of university as a whole or university departments is proposed. It allows to plan and control the application of improvement measures, allowing the university units to take on a better position in the educational market. It has been initially applied to a small university.

Research limitations/implications

The model requires much more real-world case studies. Also, it will usually be difficult to establish the cost of running individual university units as well as the cost of corrective measures. The capacity of knapsacks – here of market sectors – will also be difficult to calculate. The method to be used here is activity-based costing, but it will not solve all the problems immediately, as its practical application is difficult.

Practical implications

The proposed model will allow to plan and evaluate strategic changes of university as a whole and its units’ position using quantitative values and to consider various strategic scenarios.

Social implications

In order to establish the data necessary to construct the model, various stakeholders will have to cooperate (the university promotion department, the accounting representatives, the student and industry representatives etc.), probably for the first time. Such cooperation will improve the university position even if the model itself will not be able to be applied immediately.

Originality/value

The link between portfolio methods and a quantitative optimization method for university management purposes has been established in the paper for the first time in the literature.
Financial sustainability of Malaysian public universities: officers’ perceptions
Authors: Nik Ahmad Nik Nazli , Ismail Suhaiza , Siraj Siti Alawiah
Published: December 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to elicit perceptions of senior officers on the overall financial sustainability of their institutions; and, second, to examine senior officers’ perceptions on important revenue diversification and cost management practices.

Design/methodology/approach

The study employed a questionnaire survey with senior academic and administrative staff of the 20 public universities in Malaysia. In total, 275 questionnaires were distributed and 69 were returned, yielding a response rate of 25.09 per cent. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the general perceptions of the survey respondents on public university financial sustainability issues.

Findings

The study suggests that respondents are receptive of the financial sustainability challenges faced by their institutions. Respondents agree that increasing tuition fees may not be a feasible revenue enhancement strategy for public universities. Instead, all respondents agree that full utilisation of resources will be a key strategy that the universities can apply.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the limited research on the financial sustainability of public universities in developing countries. Findings of the study have implications for the financial management and governance of public universities in Malaysia and other countries facing similar fiscal challenges. The findings of the study also provide important empirical evidence for future work in the area.
Internationalization of higher education institutions: the underestimated role of faculty
Authors: Romani-Dias Marcello , Carneiro Jorge , Barbosa Aline dos Santos
Published: December 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to deal with the topic internationalization of higher education institutions (IHEI), in terms of the research they engage in. The main motivation for the study is to understand the role of researchers in the internationalization of the institutions in which they work through the academic activities they perform. Based on the assumption that each of the researcher’s internationalization activities leads, to some extent, to a greater internationalization of HEI in which it operates, the following question was proposed: Do researchers’ personal characteristics and academic activities affect the internationalization of their (higher education) institutions?

Design/methodology/approach

This qualitative study adopted as main methods a review of the literature on internationalization of higher education and in-depth interviews based on a semi-structured script with an intentional sample. A sample of 16 researchers was selected for interview using the snowball technique of sample selection.

Findings

The paper provides theoretical and empirical insights into the characteristics of researchers that influence the internationalization of HEIs. These include the researchers’ international academic experience; insertion in international collaboration networks; international co-authorship; and experience in international publications. These are the four main factors that emerge at the individual level (researcher) that positively impact IHEI.

Originality/value

The paper responds to a gap found in the literature on the underestimated role of researchers in the internationalization process of HEIs in which they work.
Dry eye syndrome in thyroid eye disease patients: The role of increased incomplete blinking and Meibomian gland loss
Authors: Park Jinhwan , Baek Sehyun
Published: December 2018

Purpose

To compare the structure and function of the Meibomian gland and eyelid blinking patterns between thyroid eye disease (TED) patients with dry eye and nonthyroidal dry eye (DE) patients.

Methods

This was a prospective, cross‐sectional and observational study. Clinical measurements were performed as follows: (1) external examination, (2) Lipiview® Interferometer (lipid layer thickness, incomplete blinking rate and meibography) and (3) slit‐lamp biomicroscopy (corneal staining, tear break‐up time (TBUT), meibum expression).

Results

The TED and DE groups included 98 and 62 patients, respectively. The meiboscores of the upper eyelid in TED and DE groups were significantly different (1.21 ± 0.76 and 0.94 ± 0.71, respectively, p = 0.046). The rate of incomplete blinking was 53.3 ± 34.5 and 34.6 ± 36.3%, respectively, and was significantly higher in the TED group (p = 0.006).

In the TED group, CAS was the only variable affecting the meiboscore of the upper and lower eyelids (p = 0.031, 0.039, respectively). Significantly, active TED patients had more decreased basal tear secretion than inactive TED patients (7.4 ± 2.1 mm versus 8.5 ± 1.5 mm, p = 0.024). Moreover, active TED patients had decreased meibum expression in both upper and lower eyelids compared with inactive TED patients (2.20 ± 0.88 versus 1.08 ± 0.84, p = 0.002 in upper eyelid, 2.10 ± 0.88 versus 1.18 ± 0.88, p = 0.007 in lower eyelid, respectively).

Conclusion

In TED patients, incomplete blinking and loss of Meibomian gland structure in the upper eyelid were more prominent than in DE patients. CAS was a factor affecting the structural loss of Meibomian glands in TED individuals.
An evaluation of canes as a management technique to reduce predation by gulls of ground‐nesting seabirds
Authors: Boothby Claire , Redfern Chris , Schroeder Julia
Published: December 2018

The best documented method to decrease predation of breeding seabirds by gulls are culling regimes; however, studies on the effectiveness of this method show ambiguous results. Here we tested an alternative method, using bamboo canes erected in four breeding sites of Arctic TernSterna paradisaeaas a gull‐deterrent. Although we found fewer predation attempts in the caned areas than in the control areas, canes did not reduce the probability of predation success per attempt. This pilot study documents that the use of canes as a conservation strategy to reduce gull predation is promising, economic and simple, and is thus probably a versatile tool for conservation managers.
Heat stress decreased hair follicle population in rex rabbits
Authors: Sun Haitao , Zhang Yin , Bai Liya , Wang Yuding , Yang Liping , Su Wenzheng , Gao Shuxia
Published: December 2018

The aim of this study was conducted to investigate the effect of heat stress on the hair follicle population and related signalling pathways in rex rabbits. Forty‐eight rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: one group in a high ambient environment (32 ± 2°C, heat stress) and the other group with normal temperature (20 ± 2°C, control). The results show that heat stress decreased the body weight gain and feed conversion rate, rabbit hair length and hair follicle density (p < 0.05). Besides, heat stress suppressed the gene expression of noggin, insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) and IGF‐1 receptor and protein expression of phosphorylated mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) in rabbit skin (p < 0.05), while stimulated significantly the gene expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and BMP4 (p < 0.05). Heat exposure did not alter significantly the gene expression of alkaline phosphatase, versican and hepatocyte growth factor compared with the control (p > 0.05). In conclusion, noggin‐BMP, IGF‐1 and mTOR signalling pathways may be associated with the process of heat stress‐repressing hair follicle development.
Responses of growing rabbits to supplementing diet with a mixture of black and red pepper oils as a natural growth promoter
Authors: Abd El‐Hack Mohamed Ezzat , Alagawany Mahmoud , Abdelnour Sameh
Published: December 2018

The current study was explored to examine the impacts of dietary inclusion of mixture of black (BPO) and red pepper (RPO) oils as growth promoters on growth, carcass, blood haematology, serum chemistry, immunity and antioxidative status of New Zealand White rabbits (NZW). A number total of 100 5‐week‐old NZW growing weaned rabbits were randomly allocated into four treatment groups in a complete randomized experiment. The dietary treatment groups were as follows: control: basal diet; BRP0.5: basal diet + 0.25 g BPO + 0.25 g RPO/kg diet; BRP1.0: basal diet + 0.50 g BPO + 0.50 g RPO/kg diet; and BRP1.5: basal diet + 0.75 g BPO + 0.75 g RPO/kg diet. Rabbits fed the highest level of BRP mixture were the heaviest, while the control rabbits were the lightest. During 5–9 weeks of age, a gradual improvement in feed conversion ratio (FCR) was noticed with increasing BRP level. The control group excelled all BRP groups regarding the majority of blood haematological parameters. Liver function was better in rabbits fed BRP enriched diets than the control. A gradual depression (p < 0.05 or 0.01) in serum lipids regardless high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) were recorded with elevating BRP level in the diet. The supplementation of BRP mixture enhanced the immune function and serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and depressed serum malondialdehyde (MDA) in comparison with control. It could be concluded that dietary BRP mixture can affect some of growth traits, improve the immunity and antioxidant parameters, lower lipid profile and lipid peroxidation. Based on the study results, the recommended level of BRP mixture is 1.5 g/kg diet.
Feeding hay rich in water‐soluble carbohydrates improves ruminal pH without affecting rumination and systemic health in early lactation dairy cows
Authors: Klevenhusen Fenja , Kleefisch Maria‐Theresia , Zebeli Qendrim
Published: December 2018

Forages rich in water‐soluble carbohydrates (WSC) might be an ideal energy source during early lactation, as they provide both energy for milk production and structural fibre to promote chewing and rumen buffering. Thus, the aim was to investigate feeding strategies based on high‐quality hay rich in WSC with graded amounts of concentrate on ruminating behaviour, ruminal pH and systemic health variables. Twenty‐four Simmental cows were randomly allocated to four groups beginning 10 days before until 28 days after calving. Diets were 60LQH (60% fibre‐rich hay plus 40% concentrate), 60HQH, 75HQH and 100HQH (60%, 75% and 100% high‐quality hay, plus 40%, 25% and 0% concentrate, respectively). Hay qualities differed in contents of WSC (110 g vs. 198 g of dry matter [DM]), neutral detergent fibre (646 g vs. 423 g of DM) and crude protein (65 g vs. 223 g of DM). Rumination was recorded using the Rumiwatch system over 4 days during the last week. Weekly serum samples were analysed for the liver enzymes aspartate aminotransferase, glutamate dehydrogenase and γ‐glutamyltransferase and the acute phase proteins serum amyloid A and haptoglobin. Four cows per group received a wireless pH sensor orally placed into the rumen one week before the expected calving date. Daily time spent chewing did not differ between groups. Likewise differences in minimum, maximum and mean pH‐values were not significant, but daily time of reticular pH <6 was longer in cows fed 60LQH compared to cows fed 100HQH (p = 0.043) and in tendency to cows fed 75HQH or 60HQH (p = 0.072 or p = 0.086, respectively). Blood parameters were unaffected by diet. Accordingly the present results demonstrate that feeding hay rich in WSC helped stabilizing the reticuloruminal pH in early lactation dairy cows, even in combination with 40% concentrates in DM.
A genomic map of climate adaptation in Mediterranean cattle breeds
Authors: Flori Laurence , Moazami‐Goudarzi Katayoun , Alary Véronique , Araba Abdelillah , Boujenane Ismaïl , Boushaba Nadjet , Casabianca François , Casu Sara , Ciampolini Roberta , Coeur D'Acier Armelle , Coquelle Corinne , Delgado Juan‐Vicente , El‐Beltagi Ahmed , Hadjipavlou Georgia , Jousselin Emmanuelle , Landi Vincenzo , Lauvie Anne , Lecomte Philippe , Ligda Christina , Marinthe Caroline , Martinez Amparo , Mastrangelo Salvatore , Menni Dalal , Moulin Charles‐Henri , Osman Mona‐Abdelzaher , Pineau Olivier , Portolano Baldassare , Rodellar Clementina , Saïdi‐Mehtar Nadhira , Sechi Tiziana , Sempéré Guilhem , Thévenon Sophie , Tsiokos Dimitrios , Laloë Denis , Gautier Mathieu
Published: December 2018

Domestic species such as cattle (Bos taurus taurus and B. t. indicus) represent attractive biological models to characterize the genetic basis of short‐term evolutionary response to climate pressure induced by their post‐domestication history. Here, using newly generated dense SNP genotyping data, we assessed the structuring of genetic diversity of 21 autochtonous cattle breeds from the whole Mediterranean basin and performed genome‐wide association analyses with covariables discriminating the different Mediterranean climate subtypes. This provided insights into both the demographic and adaptive histories of Mediterranean cattle. In particular, a detailed functional annotation of genes surrounding variants associated with climate variations highlighted several biological functions involved in Mediterranean climate adaptation such as thermotolerance, UV protection, pathogen resistance or metabolism with strong candidate genes identified (e.g., NDUFB3, FBN1, METTL3, LEF1, ANTXR2 and TCF7). Accordingly, our results suggest that main selective pressures affecting cattle in Mediterranean area may have been related to variation in heat and UV exposure, in food resources availability and in exposure to pathogens, such as anthrax bacteria (Bacillus anthracis). Furthermore, the observed contribution of the three main bovine ancestries (indicine, European and African taurine) in these different populations suggested that adaptation to local climate conditions may have either relied on standing genomic variation of taurine origin, or adaptive introgression from indicine origin, depending on the local breed origins. Taken together, our results highlight the genetic uniqueness of local Mediterranean cattle breeds and strongly support conservation of these populations.
An update on immune dysregulation in obesity‐related insulin resistance
Authors: Daryabor Gholamreza , Kabelitz Dieter , Kalantar Kurosh
Published: December 2018

Obesity is associated with chronic low‐grade inflammation of the adipose tissue (AT) that might develop into systemic inflammation, insulin resistance (IR) and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in severe obese rodents and humans. In the lean state, small normal adipocytes and AT macrophages interact with each other to maintain metabolic homeostasis but during obesity, enlarged adipocytes secrete inflammatory mediators and express immune receptors to recruit immune cells and aggravate the inflammation. The better understanding of the obesity‐related inflammatory milieu and the sequential events leading to IR could be helpful in designing new preventive and therapeutic strategies. The present review will discuss the cellular and molecular abnormalities participating in the pathogenesis of obesity in obese individuals as well as high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed mice, a mouse model of obesity.
Stochastic model based on preharvest peripheral CD34‐positive cell count and collection efficiency predicting processed blood volume in peripheral hematopoietic stem cell apheresis
Authors: Ono Yuichiro , Yoshioka Satoshi , Inoue Kazuhisa , Yoshida Masahiro , Maruoka Hayato , Ishikawa Takayuki
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

Processed blood volume (PBV) required to obtain a predefined number of stem cells can be estimated from peripheral blood CD34+ cell concentration, body weight, and collection efficiency (CE). Because CE is indefinite, this study was designed to formulate and validate a new model of PBV based on stochastic CE distribution.

STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS

Data were retrospectively collected on 146 peripheral blood stem cell harvests from 114 patients and donors in a single institution from April 2014 to February 2018. The training set consisted of all procedures performed from April 2014 to June 2016 and the validation set of all procedures performed from July 2016 to February 2018. A new algorithm, based on CE2 distribution of the training set, was affirmed using the validation set. The positive predictive value of the model was estimated from the expected percentage of procedures that reached the target CD34‐positive dose, with predicted PBV processed as the gold standard.

RESULTS

The 10th and 50th percentiles of CE2 were 33.4% and 52.5%, respectively. When PBV was assorted into three categories, defined as greater than 90%, 50% to 90%, and less than 50% of procedures reaching the targeted CD34‐positive dose, the positive predictive values of the new model were 100%, 70%, and 100%, respectively.

CONCLUSION

The new model was validated with a high positive predictive value and can reliably estimate the required PBV and the success rate corresponding to the PBV. The model can be utilized easily with a Web‐based tool.
Spatial epidemiological approaches to inform leptospirosis surveillance and control: A systematic review and critical appraisal of methods
Authors: Dhewantara Pandji W. , Lau Colleen L. , Allan Kathryn J. , Hu Wenbiao , Zhang Wenyi , Mamun Abdullah A. , Soares Magalhães Ricardo J.
Published: December 2018

Leptospirosis is a global zoonotic disease that the transmission is driven by complex geographical and temporal variation in demographics, animal hosts and socioecological factors. This results in complex challenges for the identification of high‐risk areas. Spatial and temporal epidemiological tools could be used to support leptospirosis control programs, but the adequacy of its application has not been evaluated. We searched literature in six databases including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus, SciELO and Zoological Record to systematically review and critically assess the use of spatial and temporal analytical tools for leptospirosis and to provide general framework for its application in future studies. We reviewed 115 articles published between 1930 and October 2018 from 41 different countries. Of these, 65 (56.52%) articles were on human leptospirosis, 39 (33.91%) on animal leptospirosis and 11 (9.5%) used data from both human and animal leptospirosis. Spatial analytical (n = 106) tools were used to describe the distribution of incidence/prevalence at various geographical scales (96.5%) and to explored spatial patterns to detect clustering and hot spots (33%). A total of 51 studies modelled the relationships of various variables on the risk of human (n = 31), animal (n = 17) and both human and animal infection (n = 3). Among those modelling studies, few studies had generated spatially structured models and predictive maps of human (n = 2/31) and animal leptospirosis (n = 1/17). In addition, nine studies applied time‐series analytical tools to predict leptospirosis incidence. Spatial and temporal analytical tools have been greatly utilized to improve our understanding on leptospirosis epidemiology. Yet the quality of the epidemiological data, the selection of covariates and spatial analytical techniques should be carefully considered in future studies to improve usefulness of evidence as tools to support leptospirosis control. A general framework for the application of spatial analytical tools for leptospirosis was proposed.
ASSESSING THE EFFECTS OF LAND USE CONVERSION ON RUNOFF AND NUTRIENT LOAD
Authors: Mohamad Khairul Anuar , Hashim Noorbaharim , Othman Ilya Khairanis , Faisal Mohd Mohd Syazwan
Published: December 2018

An agricultural land with intensive cultivation, large catchments with extended rivers and agricultural population of high-density are the primary reasons for higher pollutant loads in freshwater. However, there are problems in pursuing nutrient losses since several parameters, such as variability in soils and climate are associated with heavy rainfall, especially in tropic regions; plant management, limited resources, and insufficient technical support are not consistent in every crop management. Changes in agricultural practices and unmonitored point sources discharge from watershed, have led to algal bloom in abundance, and thus generated eutrophication at the downstream. The complex watershed processes and forecasting the effects of land use change on water quality can be determined by using tools of watershed models. The Hydrological Simulation Programme-FORTRAN (HSPF) uses lumped parameters, continuous model to predict the long-term evaluation, and deterministic for simulating the water quality and quantity process that occur at the watershed. Pervious land segments (PERLND), impervious land segments (IMPLND), and channel reach (RCHRES) modules were used to determine the general water quality and quantity on Johor watershed. Based on calibration and validation, the HSPF model was capable of simulating different runoff seasons. An increment of 60% in agricultural land had increased the annual mean total phosphorus (TP) load and total nitrogen (TN) load by 3.82% and 5.34%, respectively. A 2-fold increase in agricultural land would result in an approximately 2-fold increase in the quantity of annual TN and TP loads. Between TN and TP loads, TP load has potentially increased more than TN load during the dry, wet, and base-flow years. Upon the long-term of water quality and quantity simulation, this study provides essential knowledge for a method-based runoff and nutrient management plan for the Johor watershed.
Kebolehpasaran Graduan Pendidikan Teknikal Dan Vokasional: Satu Analisis
Authors: Ali Enah , Che’ Rus Ridzwan , Haron Mohd Adib , Mohammad Hussain Mohd Azlan
Published: December 2018

Graduates' employability plays a significant role in justifying the effectiveness of the technical and vocational education system (TVE). This issue has been debated among scholars for a long time and this concept has gained significant attention from organizational administrators as well as academicians. This study aims to understand more deeply about the dimensions of graduates' employability skills and it impact on graduates as workers and organizations. In-depth study has been carried out by analysing previous literature related to TVE, graduates' employability skills and training and development. This study incorporates a number of skills dimensions that are able to develop robust employability skills among graduates such as skill applications, self-efficacy, metacognition, entrepreneurial skills and soft skills. In this regard, it is a priority for the TVE system to equip graduates with the ability to apply skills, enhance self-efficacy skills, metacognition, entrepreneurial skills and soft skills so that graduates have the skills required by the organization to enhance graduates' employability. This study also summarizes the dimensions of employability skills from the perspective of the organization and TVE through the development of a model of graduates' employability. This model can be used by organizations and TVEs to identify and define key skills in graduates' employability skills.
Application of Fuzzy Delphi Methods in Developing of Green Skills Elements in Secondary Schools
Authors: Ismai Bushra Limuna , Kamis Arasinah , Alwi Amarumi , Che Kob Che Ghani
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this study is to get an expert agreement on the elements of Green Skills that need to be incorporated into the curriculum of the designated subjects as well as to create the individual who will be the workforce in the care of the environment. The objective of this study is to obtain expert opinion and consensus on Green Skills elements. This is a quantitative study using the questionnaire given to the expert. All data collected were analyzed using Fuzzy Delphi Method. The findings showed that all elements of Green Skills are in line with the conditions, the threshold value is less than 0.2, the group of experts is over 75% and the Fuzzy Score exceeds 0.5. This suggests that the Green Skills element is indispensable among students based on expert agreements.
Latihan Staf Dalam Pelaksanaan Mata Pelajaran Teknologi Kejuruteraan, Lukisan Kejuruteraan dan Reka Cipta Di Sekolah Menengah Harian
Authors: Mohd Taib Mohd Tafizam , Mustapha Ramlee
Published: December 2018

Since 1996, the technical subjects comprised of Engineering Technology (TK), Engineering Drawing (LK) and Inventions (RC) have been introduced as elective subjects for Form 4 and Form 5 students.  Examination results for TK, LK and RC from 2006 to 2010 in the Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) Examination were less encouraging and shows some declination of students performance.  Data from the Ministry of Education also show a decline in students’ enrolment in TK, LK and RC between 10 to 17 percent from 2009 to 2011.  Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate on the implementation of TK, LK and RC in the input, process and product dimensions. A CIPP model was used as a conceptual framework for the study. Research design used in this study was programme evaluation. Stratified random sampling was used to select 712 respondents from national secondary schools in Peninsular Malaysia consisted of 159 administrators, 176 teachers and 377 students. Questionnaires, interview protocols and observation checklists were used as instruments in this study. Cronbach Alpha reliability index for the three sets of questionnaires were between 0.77 to 0.95. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. The empirical data of the study found that staff training aspects need to be improved, especially staff training organized by the Ministry of Education and the Department of Education in terms of knowledge and skills of teachers for all three subjects.Interview and observation data were also presented to support the quantitative findings. Implications and recommendations for teaching and learning as well as for future research are presented and discussed.
Amalan Penggunaan Metode Syarah Al-Hadith Dalam Pengajian Hadith Di Institusi Masjid Di Daerah Muallim Negeri Perak
Authors: Abdullah Wahyu Hidayat , Abdul Rahim Mohd Marzuqi , Borham Abd Hadi
Published: December 2018

Hadeeth studies is one of the important series studies in formal or informal courses of study in mosques. Some of the popular hadeeth works in this field that have been written either in Arabic or in Malay have been identified and used by most teachers in the peninsular, such as the work of Hadeeth, 40 Imam al-Nawawi, Riyadh al-Salihin, Mastika Hadith, Tajzib al-Atraf li al-Hadith, Bustanul Arifin, Hadith 40 Penawar Hati and so on. In delivering a study conducted, the form or method of deciphering the hadith study known as ilm syarah al-hadith should be followed by instructors in this study. This is because, some of the most important hadeeth rules have been compiled by ulama’ hadeeths in fact able to complete the studies of hadeeths. As a result, this paper will clarify the importance of knowledge of syarah al-hadith in understading hadith by Prophet Muhammad SAW. Among other objectives, it is also to analyze some of the methods of hadeeth lectures applied by the instructors, especially in the study of hadeeth conducted around the Daerah Muallim in the state of Perak Darul Ridzuan. This study also reveals the strengths and weaknesses of the hadeeth methodology used by some instructors in this field.
Penggunaan Istilah Jemaah dan Jemaah al-Muslimin: Analisis Dari Perspektif Ulama Turathi
Authors: Othman Muhammad Atiullah
Published: December 2018

Jemaah is a term in political Islam that has been discussed since the early days of Islamic emergence and continue to be warmly discussed until now. This paper study meanings of ‘Jemaah’ and Jemaah al-Musliminin al-Qur'an, al-Sunnah and Muslims scholar’s perspectives. This study used documents analysis as its research methodology, especially analysis upon Islamic texts, works of Mufassirin and Muhadithin, classic and contemporary scholar’s views. The results showed that ‘Jemaah’ is an abbreviation of Jemaah al-Muslimin. This means, both concepts shared same meaning of terminology standpoint. This study also found that the meanings of Jemaah which was written by al-Shatibi are actually an adaptation of al-Tabari’s views. The Jemaah meanings are Islamic membership, majority of Islamic membership, a group of Islamic scholars and Prophet Muhammad’s companions. This paper also finds no obstacles for any organizations and Islamic groups calling them Jemaah and Jemaah al-Muslimin as long as there are no contradiction of its true meanings. In fact, this term has a solid backup in al-Sunna and used by earlier scholars. The denial of Jemaah usage is only based on concern of political hardlines’ existence in response to the loss of Islamic Caliph. This concern is fundamentally unable to deny its use because this term illustrates obligations of Muslims solidarity to unite and illegally divisive.
Effects of Active Participation and Education of Caregivers on Peripheral Intravenous Injections for Their Child
Authors: Hwang Eunmi , Kim Yeon Sook , Lee Dongsuk
Published: December 2018

This study was to determine the effects of active participation and education of caregivers on the pain experienced by their hospitalized children, the anxiety of the caregivers, and the working efficiency of nurses when administering peripheral intravenous (IV) injections to their children. It was found IV injections were the most feared procedures experienced by inpatient pediatric patients. A quasi-experimental design used in which different types of treatment were given to subjects in three groups. All caregivers received brief verbal information about the peripheral IV injection procedure for their child. Those in the control group then stayed outside the treatment room, those in the first experimental group observed the procedure, and those in the second experimental group participated actively in the procedure for their child after additionally receiving written information about it. Hospitalized children’s pain level did not differ among the three study groups (F=1.18, p=.323) while caregivers’ anxiety level differed being lowest in the second experimental group (F=5.98, p=.001). The nursing action duration of performing the intravenous injection was longest and shortest in the first and control group, respectively (F=5.07, p=.003). This study shows that active participation and education of caregivers decreased the caregiver’s anxiety during peripheral IV injections for their children, while the absence of caregivers shortened the duration of performing the IV injection. The outcomes of caregiver anxiety and the duration of the IV injection were worse for caregivers who observed their child without receiving additional education about or participating in the injection.
The Investigation of the Chronical Effects of Static Flexibility Exercises on Some Biomotoric and Physiological Parameters
Authors: Çetinkaya Erkan
Published: December 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate the chronical effects of static flexibility exercises on some biomotoric and physiological parameters in the students studying in sports high schools. A total of 130 high school students, 50 of whom were female and 80 of whom were male, who were studying at İncirliova Sports High School between 9th and 12th grades, with a mean age of 15.92±1.14, a mean sports age of 7.05±3.54, a mean body weight of 58.05±9.11 kilograms, and a mean height of 1.69±0.07 centimeters participated in the study. The participants were given training on static flexibility application with pre-tests. In order to determine the chronical effect, the participants were applied a series of tests including handgrip, sit and reach flexibility, 30 seconds push-up, static balance, vertical jump and back-leg strength tests before and after the 10-week application. The data obtained from the pre-test and post-test applications performed so as to determine the motoric characteristics of the students participating in the study was evaluated by SPSS 22.0 Package Program with a significance level of 0.05 in the 95% confidence interval. Whether the data showed normal distribution was tested by Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test. Paired Sample T-test was used to test the significance of the difference between the arithmetic means of the two related groups. The frequency distributions of the students were determined in terms of gender and class levels. The minimum, maximum, mean, standard deviation and median values of the students were calculated in terms of age (year), sports age (year), body weight (kg), length (cm), and Body Mass Index (BMI). It was found that there were significant differences between the pre-test and post-test results applied to determine the motoric characteristics of the students (p<0.05). It was revealed that the post-test results of the students in terms of sit and reach flexibility and static balance performances were better than their related pre-test results. However, no significant differences were found between the pre-test and post-test results of the students in terms of back-leg strength, handgrip, push-up and vertical jump performances (p>0.05).It was determined that the 10-week static flexibility training (protocol) given to sports high school students before applied sports classes had positive effects on some biomotoric and physiological parameters.
Scale Development Study for Academic Title Perception
Authors: Öztürk Sevim , Korkmaz Celalettin
Published: December 2018

In this study, it is aimed to develop a scale tool (validity and reliability were tested) in order to determine the faculty members’ perceptions on their academic titles. The scale development study was started with a literature review, thus a draft form was developed. The draft form which consists of 42 articles were presented to the specialists to receive their opinions. In line with the feedbacks from the specialists, the content validity rates of items were determined. The items which had value under .80 content validity rate were excluded from the content of the study. Therefore, remaining 30 items trial form were applied to 195 faculty members who are working in the İnönü and Hatay Mustafa Kemal Universities. In the analysis of the research data, descriptive and predictive statistical methods were used. In the process of developing the scale; construct validity, content validity, scale validity, retest-test reliability, two-half reliability and Cronbach’s alpha reliability were tested. For the construct validity of the scale, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used. Based on the principal components analysis, it is seen that the articles of the scale can be gathered in a single factor or in five factors according to goodness of fit indicators in confirmatory factor analysis. In the confirmatory factor analysis, when the scale is considered as 5 dimensional, the standard fit indices are acceptable. Cronbach’s alpha reliability, retest-test reliability and two half reliability coefficients have also the values that show the scale is reliable. The findings that obtained as a result of the study show that the Academic Title Perception Scale can be used as a valid and reliable scale tool which can determine the perceptions of the faculty members about their academic titles.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Smith Robert
Published: December 2018

Journal of Education and Training Studies (JETS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether JETS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 7, Number 1Adalberto Felipe Martinez, Federal University of São Carlos, BrazilArlene Kent, University of Saskatchewan, CanadaAyda Karaca, Hacettepe University, TurkeyBenmarrakchi Fatimaezzahra, Chouaib Doukkali University, MoroccoErsin Ture, Erzincan University, TurkeyFatma Çepikkurt, Mersin University, TurkeyFatmanur Ozen, Giresun University, TurkeyFroilan D. Mobo, Philippine Merchant Marine Academy, PhilippineIbrahim ERDEMIR, Balikesir University, Turkeyİbrahim Yaşar Kazu, Firat University, TurkeyJohn Bosco Azigwe, Bolgatanga Polytechnic, GhanaJohn Cowan, Edinburgh Napier University, UKKayhan Inan, Amasya University, TurkeyLaura Bruno, The College of New Jersey, USAMan-fung Lo, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong KongMatt Varacallo, University of Kentucky, USAMehmet Behzat Turan, Erciyes University, TurkeyMehmet Demirel, Necmettin Erbakan University, TurkeyMeral Seker, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, TurkeyOsman Pepe, Erciyes University, Turkey,Özhan Bavlı, Çanakkale 18 Mart University, TurkeySadia Batool, Preston University Islamabad, PakistanSayim Aktay, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, TurkeySezgin Demir, Firat University, TurkeyStamatis Papadakis, University of Crete, GreeceZait Burak Aktuğ, Niğde Ömer Halis Demir University, Turkey   Robert SmithEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Journal of Education and Training StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://jets.redfame.com
ELEKTRONİK PERAKENDECİLİKTE FİRMA YAŞAM DÖNGÜSÜ YAKLAŞIMLARI
Authors: AKBULUT Metin
Published: December 2018

Teknolojinin gelişmesiyle
birlikte ortaya çıkan iş modellerinden biri olan e-perakende, firma yaşam
döngüsü için hayati öneme sahiptir. Uzun ömürlü olabilmeleri firma yaşam
döngüsü için oluşturacakları stratejiden geçmektedir. Uyum sağlayamayanlar,
dönüşemeyenler ise sosyal ve ekonomik sistemin dışında kalmışlardır. E-perakende
firmasının yaşam döngüsü aşamalarının, bilgi sistemleri yönetimi ile bağlantılı
olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada temel amaç, e-perakendecilikte firma yaşam döngüsünü etkileyen faktörlerin
incelenmesi, bununla birlikte e-perakende yaklaşımlarının sınıflandırılmasıdır.
Bu kapsamda; 1970-2018 arasında yayınlanan yaşam döngüsü ve e-perakende yaşam
döngüsü çalışmaları incelenerek, e-perakende yaşam döngüsü değişkenleri
oluşturulmaktadır.
AR-GE HARCAMALARI ve YÜKSEK TEKNOLOJİLİ ÜRÜN İHRACATININ BÜYÜMEYE ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: DURGUN Ayşe , ÇAPİK Eser
Published: December 2018

Bu
çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de Ar-Ge harcamaları ve
yüksek teknolojili ürün ihracatının büyüme üzerindeki etkisini analiz
etmektedir. Bu nedenle 1993-2016 dönemine ait GSYH, Ar-Ge, ve ileri teknoloji
ihracatını temsil eden değişkenler kullanılarak eş bütünleşme analizi ve hata
düzeltme modelleri uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre değişkenler arasında
uzun dönemli bir ilişki olduğu ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Ayrıca oluşan sapmaların
8.3 dönem sonra dengeye ulaşacağı tespit edilmiştir.
KAMU BORÇLARININ GELİR DAĞILIMI ÜZERİNE OLASI ETKİLERİ: OECD ÜLKELERİ ÜZERİNE PANEL NEDENSELLİK ANALİZİ
Authors: ERTEKİN Şaban
Published: December 2018

Demokratik
yönetimlerin görev ve fonksiyonlardaki değişimle beraber, artan kamu
harcamalarının finansmanı için vergilerle birlikte alternatif bir kaynak olarak
kamu borçları ön plana çıkmıştır. Vergilerden farklı olarak kamu borçları vade
sonunda ana para ve faizi ile birlikte geri ödenecek olmaları ve özellikle
yüksek faiz ve birtakım vergisel avantajları nedeniyle gelir dağılımı üzerinde
negatif etki yaratabilmektedir. Bu etki; borcun kaynağı, vadesi ve faiz oranına
göre değişmektedir. Bu çalışmada 17 OECD ülkesine ait verilerden yola çıkılarak
kamu borçlarının gelir dağılımı ile ilişkisi, Toda-Yamamoto
yaklaşımına dayanan Emirmahmutoğlu-Köse (2011) nedensellik testi ile analiz
edilmiştir. Modelde 2004-2015 yıllarına ait kamu borçları/GSYIH, enflasyon
oranları, vergi yükü, kişi başına gelir bağımlı değişken ve ülkelere ait gını
katsayıları ise bağımsız değişken olarak kullanılmıştır. Seçilmiş 17 OECD
ülkesine ait verilerden kamu borçları ile gelir dağılımı arasında çift yönlü
bir nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
TÜRKİYE’DE ŞİDDET ÖNLEME VE İZLEME MERKEZLERİ ETKİN Mİ?
Authors: REÇBER Bircan
Published: December 2018

Türkiye’de şiddetin önlenmesi ve izlenmesi hususu genel anlamda
kadınlara yöneliktir. Zira erkeklerin genel olarak fiziki güçlerinin fazlalığı
bu durumu yaratmaktadır. Oysa ki şiddeti teşvik eden unsurların olduğu bir
toplumda, fiziki gücün dışında gücü ele geçiren kadınların da şiddet uygulama
potansiyelinin olduğunu belirtmek gerekir. Toplumun aldığı eğitim,
gelenekler-görenekler, sosyal-ekonomik vb. şartlar şiddetin artmasına veya
azalmasına doğrudan etki eder. Bu nedenle toplumdaki bireyin gelişiminde
sosyalizasyon süreci oldukça önemlidir.

Bir toplumda şiddet önleme ve izleme merkezleri fazla ise o
tolumda şiddetin yaygın olduğu söylenebilir. Bu merkezlerin fazla olması bu
sorunu önlemede faydası olmakla birlikte şiddeti tümüyle ortadan kaldırıcı
etkisi olamaz. Şiddetin azaltılması çağdaş eğitim ve öğretim normlarının
topluma yaygınlaştırılmasıyla mümkün olabilir.
Implementation of Routine HPV Vaccination in the Management of Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis
Authors: Yiu Yin , Fayson Shannon , Smith Holly , Matrka Laura
Published: December 2018

Objectives:

To investigate vaccine compliance and clinical outcomes after implementation of an initiative to provide the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine to all patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP).

Methods:

A retrospective review was performed of all adult patients treated for RRP from 2012 to 2017. Rates of HPV vaccination were evaluated before and after December 2015, when a program was established to increase compliance by educating patients and providing financial assistance toward vaccine administration. Paired sample analyses were conducted to compare intersurgical intervals (ISIs) and number of procedures per year pre- and post-vaccination.

Results:

Fourteen patients with RRP completed the HPV vaccine series, with 11 patients undergoing vaccination after the initiative began. The pre-initiative vaccination rate of all patients with RRP was 9.7%; post-initiative rates improved to 43.8% ( P = .004; odds ratio, 7.26). Of vaccinated patients, there were significant differences between mean pre-vaccine ISI (3.5 months) and post-vaccine ISI (12.8 months; P = .0021), as well as between number of surgical procedures performed per year before and after vaccination (2.7 vs 0.81; P = .014). After vaccination, 5 patients demonstrated no evidence of papilloma regrowth for >12 months.

Conclusions:

Initiatives focused on patient education and financial support can successfully boost HPV vaccination rates in an RRP patient cohort. Our research mirrors prior findings that HPV vaccination is correlated with an increase in time between procedures and a decrease in number of procedures needed per year—factors that can dramatically reduce the disease burden on patients coping with RRP.
Social Justice Mentoring and Scholarship: Building a Community of Leaders and Advocates
Authors: Inman Arpana G.
Published: December 2018

In this 2018 Janet E. Helms Award for Mentoring and Scholarship keynote address, I speak about the importance of social justice mentoring and scholarship as a way to build communities of leaders and advocates. First, I contextualize my journey as an international student and an Asian Indian woman existing within multiple social and cultural locations. Second, I highlight those individuals who have influenced me on my academic journey. Finally, I share how my experiences, research, and clinical work have shaped my mentoring style and my desire to “pay it forward.”
Fitting Large Factor Analysis Models With Ordinal Data
Authors: DiStefano Christine , McDaniel Heather L. , Zhang Liyun , Shi Dexin , Jiang Zhehan
Published: December 2018

A simulation study was conducted to investigate the model size effect when confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models include many ordinal items. CFA models including between 15 and 120 ordinal items were analyzed with mean- and variance-adjusted weighted least squares to determine how varying sample size, number of ordered categories, and misspecification affect parameter estimates, standard errors of parameter estimates, and selected fit indices. As the number of items increased, the number of admissible solutions and accuracy of parameter estimates improved, even when models were misspecified. Also, standard errors of parameter estimates were closer to empirical standard deviation values as the number of items increased. When evaluating goodness-of-fit for ordinal CFA with many observed indicators, researchers should be cautious in interpreting the root mean square error of approximation, as this value appeared overly optimistic under misspecified conditions.