bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caracterización del sector productivo local asociado a el programa de tecnología en contabilidad sistematizada: revisión teórica
Authors: Machado-Licona Jhorquis , Franco-Blanco Liliana D. C.
Published: September 2021

El crecimiento económico y social de las naciones, responde al desarrollo de competencias de su población y de cómo se integran esas competencias al sector productivo, es por ello que debe ser relevante para los programas técnicos y profesionales desarrollar estudios que permitan la caracterización el sector empresarial, logrando así identificar los requerimientos presentes y las tendencias futuras en relación con los perfiles que deben poseer sus egresados. Esa anticipación impulsa a las instituciones de educación superior y las lleva a ubicarse en los principales lugares a nivel nacional e internacional. A raíz de lo anterior el presente proyecto estudio desde el programa de tecnología en contabilidad sistematizada, tiene como objetivo general caracterizar el sector productivo de Cartagena de Indias con la finalidad de identificar las necesidades o requerimientos relacionados con el perfil del tecnólogo en contabilidad sistematizada. El enfoque implementado en la investigación es de naturaleza cualitativo, en una primera etapa se rea-liza la revisión documental con el propósito de sentar las bases para la identificación de las variables a considerar en la segunda etapa de recolección y procesamiento de datos. Cabe aclara que los resultados mostrados en el presente documento derivan de la primera fase de la investigación.
El papel del gerente y la prospectiva en escenarios de crisis
Authors: Lora-Guzmán Harold S. , Prieto-Flórez Javier
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo expone el ejercicio del planeamiento estratégico y la prospectiva como una herramienta imprescindible en el ejercicio de la gerencia moderna esto dado por los escenarios de incertidumbre y complejidad que se vislumbran en los diferentes sectores económicos. Algunos aspectos que se consideran al estudiar estas incertidumbres son las dimensiones ambientales, económicas, sociales, políticas y aquellas intrínsecas asociadas a las propias características del ser humano. Lo expresado en este documentos forma parte de un trabajo de investigación que se viene realizando por los autores en cooperación con la cámara de comercio de Cartagena de indias y la gobernación de Bolívar ; en el que se pretende demostrar la importancia del estudio de los escenarios futuros que coadyuven a tomar mejores decisiones en el ejercicio de la toma de decisiones y la gerencia en PYMES; resalta la importancia de esta metodología y la utilización de alternativas estratégicas de carácter contingencial para definir políticas institucionales en momentos de crisis que coadyuvan al desarrollo económico y social de la región.
Análisis comparativo en la logística y sostenibilidad de puertos el Callao y Cartagena de indias
Authors: Boyano-Fram Teófilo O.
Published: September 2021

En tiempos de crisis el aprovisionamiento no puede detenerse por seguridad alimentaria y sostenibilidad empresa-rial, el covid y futuras pandemias tendrán impacto en el mundo, pero las relaciones comerciales siguen y el abastecimiento también, este artículo se hizo mediante la recopilación de datos y referentes que existen entre los dos Puertos en América del Sur y son El Puerto del Callao en Perú y el Puerto de Cartagena de Indias en Colombia, se entrevistó a expertos en el tema, revisión de revistas especializadas y los informes que arrojan las entidades a su cargo, también se tuvo en cuenta: la sostenibilidad de los Puertos, su movimiento portuario y la logística portuaria, la intención es observar su relación que se da entre el crecimiento del Puerto y la ciudad, en él se concluye que ambos puertos contribuyen a la economía del Continente y que presentan asimetrías por su georreferenciación y vocación con su entorno económico y social.
Should the Law Prohibit Paying Ransom to Kidnappers? Kidnapping|Binding Contracts|Aleinability of Life
Authors: Block Walter ,   Attorney, Belmont Mass.
Published: September 2021

While most people might answer the question in the affirmative, such a law ends up punishing the victim instead of the kidnapper. Drawing from libertarian philosphy it is shown that such laws also fail to reduce kidnapping for profit and thus are not only offensive to the nature of justice but cannot achieve the aim for which they were originally enacted.
AND, INJUSTICE FOR SOME CORRUPT EXCHANGE AND THE RISK-AVERSE OFFICIAL
Authors: Marche Gary E.
Published: September 2021

Although corruption and optimal law enforcement literature have addressed the effects of corruption, little has been done to analyze the decision to become corrupt. For example, little is known about risk preferences and how they might affect the nature of a corrupt exchange scheme. To answer this question, a theoretical analysis is developed that considers the noncoercive incentivea and circumstances necessary for a law enforcement official, assumed averse to criminal risk, to choose a corrupt exchange with organized crime that involves murder. Risk-aversion and the severity of the crime involved are shown to reduce the likelihood of detecting the corruption scheme and murder is shown to be optimal. Corruption schemes involving less risk averse offenders are analyzed and compared.
Aid Motivation and Donor Behavior
Authors: Nath Shyam ,   University of Mauritius
Published: September 2021

This paper develops an analytical framework to explain foreign aid motivation and donor behavior, using an interdependent utility maximization framework, in which donor faces two constraints; its own budget constraint and the recipient's utility function. This paper specifically contributes to the literature on foreign aid by integrating the various objectives underlying aid allocation, namely recipient income and trade performance, international income distribution and donor reaction to fungibility. Between trade interest and international income distribution, the former is found to be a more common consideration in aid allocation. One of the important results is that the fungibility of foreign aid is established as a major problem so as to invite donor’s retaliation. However, the retaliatory response appears to co-exist with other motivations.
Hemşirelerde Ahlaki Sıkıntıya Karşı Ahlaki Sağlamlık: Tanımı, Bileşenleri ve Geliştirilmesi
Authors: BAHADIR YILMAZ Emel
Published: September 2021

Bu makalede ahlaki sıkıntı, nedenleri ve sonuçları ile ahlaki sağlamlığın tanımı, bileşenleri ve ahlaki sağlamlığı geliştirmeye yönelik uygulamaların incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Hemşireler, klinik ortamlarda karşılaştıkları etik sorunlar karşısında ahlaki sıkıntı yaşayabilmektedir. Ahlaki sıkıntı; “ahlaki zararlara, yanlışlara veya başarısızlıklara tepki olarak yaşanan acıyı yansıtan ve genellikle kişinin bütünlüğünün tehlikeye girdiği hissini oluşturan bir ahlaki acı çekme biçimi” olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Ahlaki sıkıntılar hemşirelerin öfke ve suçluluk duyguları, stres tepkisi ve mide-bağırsak rahatsızlıkları gibi hem fiziksel hem de psikolojik sağlık sorunları yaşamasına neden olmaktadır. Ayrıca, hemşireler arasında, düşük benlik değerine, tükenmişliğe, mesleği bırakma niyetine ve hastalara karşı duyarsızlaşmaya yol açmaktadır. Bu durum verilen bakımın kalitesini bozmaktadır. Hemşirelerin ahlaki sıkıntıları ile baş edebilmeleri, toparlayabilmeleri ve yenilenebilmeleri için ahlaki sağlamlığın geliştirilmesi bir çözüm olarak düşünülmektedir. Bir bireyin ahlaki karmaşıklık, kafa karışıklığı, sıkıntı veya aksaklıklara yanıt olarak bütünlüğünü sürdürme veya eski haline dönebilme kapasitesi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Ahlaki sağlamlık; kişisel bütünlük, ilişkisel bütünlük, toparlayabilme, öz düzenleme, öz yönetim ve ahlaki yeterlilik gibi bileşenlerden oluşmaktadır. Ahlaki sağlamlığın geliştirilmesinde, etik eğitimi, stresle baş etme ve sorun çözme becerilerinin geliştirilmesi, bilinçli farkındalık temelli girişimler, öz düzenleme, öz farkındalık, ahlaki cesaret gibi kavramların ele alınması önem taşımaktadır. Sonuç olarak, bu makalede, sağlık bakım kalitesinin artırılması ve hemşirelerin etik sorunlar karşısında yaşadıkları ahlaki sıkıntının azaltılması için ahlaki sağlamlığın geliştirilmesi önerilmiştir.
The Knowledge and Attitudes of Nursing Students Infertility and Determination of Factors Affecting These Variables
Authors: DÖNMEZ Çiler , GÜNER EMÜL Tuba
Published: September 2021

Objective: This study aims to determine the nursing students knowledge levels, attitudes and related factors about infertility.

Methods: The research sample consisted of 550 nursing students studying at a state university in the south of Turkey between December 2019 -March 2020. The Introductory Information Form of the students, "Infertility Knowledge Test" and "Attitude Scale Towards Infertility" were collected in connection with the research. The obtained data were evaluated using percentage values, Student's t-test, Tukey and ANOVA tests.

Results: The mean age of the students was 21.15±1.99. It was determined that 28.4% of the students were educated in the third grade, 58.4% were women and 67.8% were born in the Southern Anatolia Region. In the study, it was determined that the total mean scores of the Infertility Knowledge Test of the nursing students were "19.23±6.48"(min=0- max=31), and the total mean score of the Attitude Scale towards Infertility was 46.00±7.5 (min=16- max=60), The difference between the mean scores of the Infertility Knowledge Test was found to be statistically significant according to the class of the students, their region of birth, being an infertile individual in the family and having children in the future (p
İlaç Uygulamaları ve Kan Alma İşlemi Sırasında Tamamlayıcı Terapiler ve Destekleyici Bakım Uygulamalarını Kullanan Hemşirelik Tezlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KAPLAN Ali , KAPLAN Özlem
Published: September 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada ilaç uygulamaları ve kan alma işlemi sırasında tamamlayıcı terapiler ve destekleyici bakım uygulamalarını kullanan hemşirelik tezlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Veriler nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Türkiye Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi web sitesinde yer alan tüm hemşirelik ana bilim dalları kontrol edilerek, 2010-2020 yılları arasında yayınlanmış 6855 tezin özeti incelenmiştir. Araştırma kriterlerine uygun 85 tez hazırlanan çizelgeye göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Veriler tanımlayıcı istatistik testleriyle analiz edilmiştir.

Bulgular: İncelenen hemşirelik tezleri çoğunlukla son dört yılda olmak üzere en fazla 2017 yılında yapılmış ve tezlerin %76.5’i yüksek lisans düzeyindedir. Tezlerin %65.9’u çocuklar üzerinde yapılırken, en çok Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği alanında (%51.8) yürütüldüğü belirlenmiştir. Uygulamalar çoğunlukla kan alma sırasında (%36.5) yapılmış ve en fazla ağrı (%90.6) değerlendirilmiştir. Uygulamalar sırasında yetişkinlerde en fazla soğuk uygulama (%23.5), çocuklarda ise dikkat dağıtma (%32.8) yöntemi kullanılmıştır.

Sonuç: İlaç uygulamaları ve kan alma işlemi sırasında, tamamlayıcı terapiler ve destekleyici bakım uygulaması kullanan hemşirelik tez sayısı her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bu konuya ilişkin uygulama yöntemlerinin doktora tezlerinde daha fazla kullanılması, yetişkinlerde girişimsel uygulamalarda bu tip araştırmaların ve hemşirelik tez sayısının artması önerilmektedir.
VETERİNER HEKİMLİĞİNDE MALPRAKTİS
Authors: ALAT ER Ayşe Dilruba , ASLIM Gökhan
Published: September 2021

Günümüz veteriner hekimlerinin büyük çoğunluğu, ev hayvanlarının bakımlarıyla ilgili uygulamalara yoğunlaşmıştır. Hayvan sahipleri hayvanları ile aralarında duygusal bağ geliştirdiklerinden, tıbbi bir müdahale sonucu başarılı olunmadığında hayal kırıklığına uğrayabilmekte ve bu durum veteriner hekimin doğru prosedürleri uygulamadığı ya da prosedürleri yanlış uyguladığı düşüncesine yol açabilmektedir. Bir veteriner hekim, tıbbi bir müdahale sonucunda, bir evcil hayvanın yaralanmasına ya da ölümüne neden olduysa, bu durum malpraktis konusunu gündeme getirmektedir. Kısaca tıbbi uygulama hatası olarak tanımlanan malpraktis maddi manevi kayıplara neden olabilmektedir. Günümüzde veteriner hekimliği hizmetlerine olan talebin arttığı ve bununla paralel olarak malpraktis davalarının da arttığı görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada, veteriner hekimliğinde malpraktis kavramının tanımlanması, yasal olarak nasıl değerlendirildiği, malpraktisi önlemek amacı ile nasıl önlemler alınması gerektiği konularına güncel bir yaklaşım sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Malpraktis konusu hem bilimsel anlamda hem de yasal anlamda veteriner hekim, hayvan sahibi ve hayvanları ilgilendiren oldukça önemli bir konudur. Uluslararası anlamda pek çok ülkede konuya ilişkin çeşitli yasal düzenlemeler ve çalışmalar mevcut olmakla birlikte Türkiye’de veteriner hekimliği mevzuatında özel bir düzenleme ve bilimsel çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda veteriner hekimliği alanında konu ile ilgili bilimsel araştırmaların artırılması ve yasal düzenlemelerin yapılması gerektiği söylenebilir.
BAZI HASTALIKLARIN TEDAVİSİNİN DESTEKLENMESİNDE PROPOLİS KULLANIMININ ÖNEMİ
Authors: UĞUR İrem , EYİGÖR Ayşegül , TEMELLİ Seran
Published: September 2021

Son yıllarda geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp, apiterapi ve organik ürünlere olan ilgi ve talebin artması ile fonksiyonel bir gıda ürünü olan propolis, alternatif olarak ön plana çıkmış ve bu konuda yapılan araştırmalar artmıştır. Çalışmalarda, propolisin antibakteriyel, antifungal, antiviral, antikanser, antitümör, lokal anestezik, antiinflamatuvar ve antioksidan özellikleri ile kalp ve diyabet gibi kronik hastalıklar, kanser, ağız ve diş hastalıkları, viral hastalıklar, gastrointestinal, nörolojik ve deri hastalıklarında olumlu yönde etkisinin bulunduğu bildirilmiştir. Propolisin standardizasyonu ile ilgili çalışmalar ülkemizde yürütülmekte olup diğer ülkelerde de mevcut çalışmalar içerisinde eksiklikler olmakta ve henüz genel kabul görmüş bir standardizasyon bulunmamaktadır. Bu nedenle, propolisin fonksiyonel özellikleri üzerinde değişen etkiler oluşturması önemli bir sorun olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Ayrıca, doz-yanıt ve yapı-işlev mekanizmasının daha iyi anlaşılmasını sağlayabilecek nitelikte yeni araştırmalara gereksinim duyulmaktadır. Bu derlemede, propolisin bazı hastalıkların tedavisine destek olabilecek ortaya konulmuş faydalı etkilerinin güncel olarak belirlenmesi ve değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
YEM VE GIDALARLA HAYATIMIZA GİREN AFLATOKSİNLERİ ÖNLEME YÖNTEMLERİ
Authors: TONBAK Fadime , DEMİR Pelin
Published: September 2021

Aflatoksinler, yemlerde ve gıdalarda bulunan mantar metabolitleridir. Mikotoksinler arasında, aflatoksin grubu insan ve hayvan sağlığı üzerine ciddi etkileri nedeniyle çok dikkat çekmiştir. Geviş getiren hayvanlar Aflatoksin B1 (AFB1) içeren yemleri yediğinde, bu toksin metabolize olur ve Aflatoksin M1 (AFM1) olarak süte geçer. Son yıllarda, toksin maruziyeti ile kanser hücresi proliferasyonu ve invazyonu arasındaki korelasyonda AFB1 ve AFM1’den sıkça söz edilmektedir. Son zamanlarda kanser hücreleri üzerindeki aflatoksin etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlayan bazı epidemiyolojik çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Bu derlemede, AFB1 ve AFM1’in aktivasyon durumları ve literatürde kanser gelişimiyle ilgili korelasyon hakkında rapor edilmiş olan bazı veriler özetlenmektedir.
#RetroPIDs: The missing link to the foundation of biodiversity knowledge
Authors: Kearney Nicole , Funkhouser Colleen , Lichtenberg Mike , Missell Bess , Page Roderic , Richard Joel , Rielinger Diane , Lynch Susan
Published: September 2021

The Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL) will soon upload its 60 millionth page of open access biodiversity literature onto the BHL website and the BHL's Internet Archive Collection. The BHL’s massive repository of free knowledge includes content that is available nowhere else online, as well as accessible versions of content that are locked behind paywalls elsewhere. If we are to continue to expand our understanding of life on Earth, we must ensure that the foundation of biodiversity knowledge provided by BHL is discoverable by the tools we rely on to navigate the ever-expanding internet. These tools – search engines and their algorithms – preferentially deliver (and rank) content with good metadata and persistent identifiers (PIDs).

In modern online publishing, PID assignment and linking happens at the point of publication: DOIs (Digital Object Identifiers) for publications, ORCIDs (Open Researcher and Contributor IDs) for people, and RORs (Research Organization Registry IDs) for organisations. The DOI system provided by Crossref (the DOI registration agency for scholarly content) delivers reciprocal citations, enabling convenient clicking from article to article, and citation tracking, enabling authors and institutions to track the impact and reach of their research output. Publications that lack PIDs, which include the vast majority of legacy literature, are hard to find and sit outside the linked network of scholarly research. This makes it nearly impossible to determine whether they are being cited, let alone viewed, mentioned, shared or liked.

At TDWG 2020, Page 2020, Kearney 2020, Richard 2020 (and 2019, Page 2019b, Page 2019a, Kearney 2019b, Kearney 2019a and 2018, Kearney 2018), we emphasised the need to bring the historic biodiversity literature into the modern linked network of scholarly research. In October 2020, BHL launched a new working group to do exactly this. The BHL Persistent Identifier Working Group (Team #RetroPID) brings together expertise from across BHL’s global community. Over the past year, we have worked tirelessly to make it easier to find, cite, link, share and track the content on BHL, adding article-level metadata to journals and retrospectively assigning DOIs (#RetroPIDs). Most importantly, we have developed the tools and documentation that will enable the entire BHL community to take contributed content from “just” accessible to persistently discoverable.

This paper will detail our efforts to retrofit the historic literature (a square peg) into the modern PID system (a round hole) and will present both the achievements and the challenges of this important work.
Histoire des entreprises socialistes : chantiers en cours
Authors: Guiheux Gilles
Published: September 2021

Les activités économiques dans les pays socialistes figurent parmi les nouveaux objets de l’histoire des entreprises. Les contributions rassemblées dans ce numéro s’inscrivent dans cette actualité scientifique. Elles révèlent la diversité des expériences et des modèles, les circulations et les adaptations aux contextes locaux, tout comme les hésitations initiales lors de la mise en place de systèmes alternatifs au capitalisme. Les questions classiques de l’histoire des entreprises sont examinées à l’aune de l’organisation des économies planifiées : les relations avec l’État et le Parti, l’organisation du travail, le rôle social de l’entreprise, la mesure des performances ou la part de l’informel. Plusieurs auteurs reviennent sur les conséquences pour les entreprises du passage à des économies de marché et de l’insertion dans le capitalisme globalisé. Les enquêtes conduisent lectrices et lecteurs en Europe (URSS, Tchécoslovaquie, Pologne, RDA, Hongrie), en Asie (Chine, Vietnam, Corée du Nord) et en Amérique (Cuba).
Laclos après Laclos
Authors: Delmas Marie-Laure
Published: September 2021

L’activité poétique du Bâtard de Lovelace travaille (avec) le champ sémantique de la bâtardise. Hybridité et illégitimité sont aussi engagées dans son frontispice allégorique . Nous en analysons les éléments symboliques en les rapprochant des frontispices des Liaisons dangereuses de 1796. Nous distinguons ensuite ce que la lecture du texte fait à l’image, la déconstruisant, la reconstruisant. L’attention donnée à ce mouvement permet d’interroger le lire et le voir en les considérant comme des activités subjectives.
Laclos après Laclos
Authors: Ibeas Juan Manuel
Published: September 2021

Le paratexte des traductions des Liaisons dangereuses , produites et publiées en Espagne et en Amérique latine depuis le dix-huitième siècle jusqu’à nos jours est très riche. Son analyse permet de réfléchir à l’impact du roman et aux différentes lectures de l’œuvre que les hispanophones ont pu réaliser à des moments bien distincts : depuis l’époque de l’Inquisition jusqu’aux temps de la démocratie ; de sa présence dans l’ Index librorum prohibitorum à ses diverses adaptations audiovisuelles.
Laclos après Laclos
Authors: Léoni Sylviane
Published: September 2021

En 1988, alors même qu’il intitule sa pièce Quartett nach Laclos , Heiner Müller déclare avoir lu Les Liaisons dangereuses « seulement en diagonale ». Dépassant le côté provocateur de cette affirmation et d’autres propos énoncés au cours des années suivantes, l’article s’efforce de souligner la conception de la réécriture suggérée par ces déclarations qui contribuent, en particulier, à renouveler à la fin du xx e  siècle la part de transgression qu’avaient les Liaisons dangereuses deux siècles plus tôt.
Prendre soin des enfants
Authors: Sicard Sylvie
Published: September 2021

Cet article propose une écoute des enfants confrontés à la maladie de leur parent, pour approcher la réalité de leur vie psychique et les accompagner dans leur capacité à intégrer la réalité. Des médias tels que le jeu, le dessin ou le conte laissent émerger la créativité de l’inconscient, traduisant ce qui ne peut être nommé, mais aussi la connaissance intuitive qu’a l’enfant de ce qui se joue autour de lui et en lui. L’approche jungienne vient enrichir cette réflexion et nous situe dans un langage symbolique propice à l’expression libératrice des affects.
John R. Commons, penseur du travail
Authors: Dubrion Benjamin
Published: September 2021

Le travail constitue un objet d’étude majeur de l’économiste John R. Commons. L’objectif de cet article est d’interroger la mesure dans laquelle la perspective de Commons offre un cadre théorique éclairant l’importance que peut avoir le travail dans la vie humaine individuelle et collective, à rebours de la conception instrumentale du travail dominante en économie. En nous focalisant surtout sur les travaux de l’auteur menés entre 1901 et 1919 ainsi que sur ceux écrits ultérieurement dans une perspective davantage théorique, nous montrons que Commons considère le travail comme une activité fondamentale du point de vue psychologique et surtout politique à travers sa défense de la « démocratie industrielle ». Il apparaît alors comme un promoteur de la thèse de la « centralité du travail » peu présente chez les économistes. Classification JEL  : B15, B25, J53.
The geodesic flow on nilpotent Lie groups of steps two and three
Authors: Ovando Gabriela P.
Published: September 2021

The goal of this paper is the study of the integrability of the geodesic flow on \begin{document}$ k $\end{document}-step nilpotent Lie groups, k = 2, 3, when equipped with a left-invariant metric. Liouville integrability is proved in low dimensions. Moreover, it is shown that complete families of first integrals can be constructed with Killing vector fields and symmetric Killing 2-tensor fields. This holds for dimension \begin{document}$ m\leq 5 $\end{document}. The situation in dimension six is similar in most cases. Several algebraic relations on the Lie algebra of first integrals are explicitly written. Also invariant first integrals are analyzed and several involution conditions are shown.
Initial boundary value problem of a class of mixed pseudo-parabolic Kirchhoff equations
Authors: Cao Yang , Zhao Qiuting
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we consider the initial boundary value problem for a mixed pseudo-parabolic Kirchhoff equation. Due to the comparison principle being invalid, we use the potential well method to give a threshold result of global existence and non-existence for the sign-changing weak solutions with initial energy $ J(u_0)\leq d $. When the initial energy $ J(u_0)>d $, we find another criterion for the vanishing solution and blow-up solution. Our interest also lies in the discussion of the exponential decay rate of the global solution and life span of the blow-up solution.
Optimal time-decay rates of the compressible Navier–Stokes–Poisson system in $ \mathbb R^3 $
Authors: Wu Guochun , Wang Han , Zhang Yinghui
Published: September 2021

We are concerned with the Cauchy problem of the 3D compressible Navier–Stokes–Poisson system. Compared to the previous related works, the main purpose of this paper is two–fold: First, we prove the optimal decay rates of the higher spatial derivatives of the solution. Second, we investigate the influences of the electric field on the qualitative behaviors of solution. More precisely, we show that the density and high frequency part of the momentum of the compressible Navier–Stokes–Poisson system have the same $ L^2 $ decay rates as the compressible Navier–Stokes equation and heat equation, but the $ L^2 $ decay rate of the momentum is slower due to the effect of the electric field.
Geometric step options and Lévy models: Duality, PIDEs, and semi-analytical pricing
Authors: Farkas Walter , Mathys Ludovic
Published: September 2021

The present article studies geometric step options in exponential Lévy markets. Our contribution is manifold and extends several aspects of the geometric step option pricing literature. First, we provide symmetry and duality relations and derive various characterizations for both European-type and American-type geometric double barrier step options. In particular, we are able to obtain a jump-diffusion disentanglement for the early exercise premium of American-type geometric double barrier step contracts and its maturity-randomized equivalent as well as to characterize the diffusion and jump contributions to these early exercise premiums separately by means of partial integro-differential equations and ordinary integro-differential equations. As an application of our characterizations, we derive semi-analytical pricing results for (regular) European-type and American-type geometric down-and-out step call options under hyper-exponential jump-diffusion models. Lastly, we use the latter results to discuss the early exercise structure of geometric step options once jumps are added and to subsequently provide an analysis of the impact of jumps on the price and hedging parameters of (European-type and American-type) geometric step contracts.
Motivations for Labour Provision on Digital Platforms in Europe
Authors: Torrent-Sellens Joan , Ficapal-Cusí Pilar , Ertz Myriam
Published: September 2021

Research on the gig economy has rarely addressed the study on the motivations for the provision of labour services on digital platforms. Through a sample of 3,619 gigers in Europe, obtained from the COLLEM research, results have been obtained for labour providers (only gigers) and for labour and capital use providers (gigers and renters). The valuation of labour, being an internal resource of the gigers, has a great set of economic foundations, working conditions, and labour relations. On the other hand, the valuation of labour and capital uses is more focused on their economic and labour relations fundamentals, notably reducing the role of working conditions. These motivations suggest different platform strategies and public employment policies for both groups. While the promotion of the general job quality would also encourage the gig-job quality, the promotion of the labour and capital uses valuation requires specific actions on the platform operations.
Effectiveness of Social Interactivity in Merchant Websites on Emotional and Behavioral Responses
Authors: ben Saad Sihem , Choura Fatma
Published: September 2021

In a context of hyper connectivity, the designers of commercial websites are constantly seeking to generate favorable psychological states among internet users and to re-enchant them. This research aims to study the effect of the interaction between the social dimensions of interactivity on psychological states and the approach behavior of the e-consumer. Experimentation is chosen as the most appropriate method for testing the proposed model. An online experiment was conducted with 662 internet users. A merchant website was designed for the purposes of the study incorporating the interaction forms investigated. The results of this research underline the power of the social dimension of interactivity in the mediated market environments and show that a socially interactive site can generate the user's flow state, as well as a feeling of being physically present in a remote environment. This relation is moderated by the perceived risk.
Interprofessional Education
Authors: McKinney Robert Earl , Halli-Tierney Anne D. , Gold Allyson E. , Allen Rebecca S. , Carroll Dana G.
Published: September 2021

Interprofessional education (IPE) has emerged as a core educational method among human service and medical educational settings. Research suggests that learners who learn in IPE settings have better transdisciplinary communication skills and are better team members. Unfortunately, competing demands of multiple academic divisions can make facilitating IPE cumbersome. This chapter will describe the processes for developing, implementing, and evaluating an IPE experience drawn from de-identified patient records. The model includes information about incorporating learners from medicine, pharmacy, psychology, social work, and law, but could easily be expanded to include learners from other disciplines. The authors include descriptions of the process of implementing the unfolding case series in both face-to-face and live remote settings. This will include a sample case vignette, a pre-/post-survey, and learning objectives. Finally, the authors include opportunities for expansion and discussion of the challenges of implementing a curriculum targeted toward learners from diverse disciplines.
Strength Enhancement of Fibre Reinforced Peat with Fly Ash as Stabilized Subgrade Layer
Authors: Romali Siti Rozana , Sa’don Norazzlina M. , Karim Abdul Razak Abdul
Published: September 2021

High content of organic matter and fibre within peat results in a high degree of porosity; causing peat to have low bearing capacity. This study focuses on the application of nylon fibre as reinforcing material with fly ash as the chemical stabilizer to enhance the strength of the peat. The standard proctor tests were conducted to obtain the optimum moisture content (OMC) for all samples in which these OMC is then used for sample preparation of both the Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) tests and the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests. Samples for this study were categorized into control samples and modified samples for comparison purposes. Additives that were being used in this study are 5% cement, 5% nylon fibre and 10%, 15%, and 20% fly ash. For UCS test, the samples were cured for 7, 14, 28 and 56 days, whereas only 7 days of curing for CBR test. Throughout the study, improvements of strength were observed where sample added with 5% cement, 5% nylon fibre and 10% fly ash recorded the highest compressive strength value, of 123.71 kN/m2. As for CBR test, all samples exceeded the minimum requirement of 12% CBR value for subgrade design recommended by JKR Malaysia with the highest CBR value obtained from samples added with 5% cement and 10% fly ash. The CBR values were 43.85% and 43.70% for unsoaked and soaked condition, respectively.
Single Step Growth of Vertically Oriented Zinc Oxide Nanowire Using Thermal Evaporation
Authors: Aziz Dzetty Soraya Abdul , Sakrani Samsudi , Jamaludin Naziha
Published: September 2021

Commonly, the synthesis of ZnO nanowires involves the use of metal catalyst via a non-direct step growth which contribute to the contamination on the final product. Thus, in this work we synthesized catalyst-free ZnO nanowires using a direct or single step growth of nanowires. Thermal evaporation method is used to synthesize ZnO nanowires on bare glass substrates with different distances between Zn powder and the substrates; on-top (1.2 cm), 16 cm and 18 cm. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy images showed a vertically well-aligned with high density of ZnO nanowires were successfully synthesized via self-seeding process and the longest nanowires were produced at the shortest distance. Energy Dispersive X-ray and X-Ray Diffraction analyses confirmed that high purity of ZnO nanowires were obtained and ZnO (002) strongest and sharp peak was observed, indicating preferentially grown ZnO nanowires along the c-axis perpendicular to the substrates and leading towards single crystal structure. Four peaks were observed in visible range from Photoluminescence spectra (PL) which related to fundamental defects with the highest peak at 3.04 eV. The on-top sample with distance 1.2 cm from Zn powder has the lowest transmittance due to the high thickness of ZnO nanowires. The range of energy band gap for ZnO nanowires obtained from the extrapolation graph is in agreement with PL highest peak approximately 3.00 eV. Therefore, this direct or single step deposition method is of great interest since it has successfully produced ZnO nanowires with significant characteristics without employing the non-direct step growth.
Bilateral levator muscle myotomy and frontalis muscle advancement flap in treatment of unilateral Marcus-Gunn jaw winking ptosis
Authors: Allam Ibrahim Y.
Published: September 2021

Aim

The aim of this study was to report the experience of performing bilateral levator disinsertion followed by bilateral frontalis sling among patients having unilateral Marcus-Gunn jaw winking and ptosis (MGJWP).

Setting and design

This is a retrospective study that was conducted at Elsafwa Eye Centre, Alexandria, Egypt.

Patients and methods

The medical records of 24 patients with significant unilateral MGJWP were retrospectively reviewed. Full ophthalmological examination included external eye examination, extraocular muscle motility testing, best-corrected visual acuity, margin reflex distance (MRD) in mm, levator muscle excursion in mm, and amount of jaw winking in mm. All patients in the study had significant winking phenomenon. Bilateral levator disinsertion followed by bilateral frontalis sling was performed. Postoperatively, the patients were examined for MRD in both eyelids, amount of wink, degree of lagophthalmos, eyelid contour, patient satisfaction, and presence of complications or undercorrection.

Results

More than 2 mm of winking was considered cosmetically unacceptable to the patient and/or the parents. Postoperative follow-up periods ranged from 6 to 52 months, with an average of 16.9 months. After bilateral levator myotomy and bilateral frontalis advancement flap, 22 eyelids (91.66%) showed complete resolution of jaw winking and 2 eyelids (8.33%) showed mild winking (2 mm or less). Surgery was redone in two patients (8.33%) for undercorrected ptosis after 6 months of follow-up, whereas two patients (8.33%) had contour problem in the operated ptotic eyelid. All patients had immediate postoperative lagophthalmos that totally resolved in all patients after 6-month follow-up.

Conclusion

Bilateral levator muscle disinsertion followed by bilateral frontalis suspension using frontalis muscle advancement flap is an effective surgical technique for the treatment of unilateral MGJWP, resulting in satisfactory symmetrical outcome and resolution of jaw winking and ptosis in most of the cases.
Adipose Tissue Levels of DDT as Risk Factor for Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Tawar Neha , Banerjee Basu Dev , Mishra Brijesh Kumar , Sharma Tusha , Tyagi Shipra , Madhu Sri Venkata , Agarwal Vivek , Gupta Sanjay
Published: September 2021

Background:

Exposure to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), a potent lipophilic organochlorine pesticide, has long been linked as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, its presence in the adipose tissues of the T2DM subjects has not been explored in the Indian population, where this long-banned pesticide is still in use. The present study was conducted to evaluate the possible association of DDT and its metabolites in obese and non-obese T2DM subjects.

Methods:

Subjects with normal glucose tolerance (n = 50) and T2DM (n = 50) were divided into equal numbers in obese and non-obese groups. Their plasma glucose levels, HbA1c, and lipid profile were measured. The adipose tissues were collected intraoperatively, and DDT and its metabolites were measured using a gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector.

Results:

Obese subjects, irrespective of their glycemic status, and T2DM subjects had higher concentrations of DDT. p, p’ DDT was found to increase the odds for diabetes, and o, p’ DDT for central obesity. p, p’ DDD was also strongly correlated with central obesity, glycemic parameters, and triglycerides.

Conclusion:

The excess deposition of p, p’ DDD, o, p’ DDT, and p, p’ DDT in obese subjects may proceed to T2DM by disrupting triglycerides and glycemic parameters.
Gender Differences in Somatic Symptoms in Patients with Depression
Authors: Meena Parth Singh , Sharma Anubhuti , Jain Mahendra
Published: September 2021

Introduction:

Women suffering from clinical depression often present with prominent somatic complaints. Epidemiological studies have found that the prevalence of somatic depression, but not pure depression, distinguished women from men. The purpose of the study is to evaluate whether somatic symptoms of depression are more prevalent in females than in males.

Subjects and Methods:

A cross-sectional analytic study was carried out at a tertiary level referral hospital attached to a medical college in Rajasthan by the department of psychiatry. Consecutive patients (both male and female) suffering from depression were recruited for the study, diagnosed as per the International Classification of Diseases-10. Eighty-two male and 86 female adult psychiatric outpatients with diagnosis of depressive disorder were assessed using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-17) and Somatic Symptom Scale-Adult (derived from Patient Health Questionnaire Physical Symptoms) to quantify the severity of depression and somatic symptoms, respectively, and compared. Data collected from the patients were analyzed using unpaired t-test and Fisher's exact test. 95% confidence interval and P ≤ 0.05 were used to indicate a significant difference between the groups.

Results:

No statistically significant difference was found in the severity of depression between male and female patients. Somatic symptom scores were higher in female patients, both on somatic symptom score and HAM-D.

Conclusions:

Higher prevalence of somatic depression was found in female patients suffering from depression.
An audit of safety reporting in randomized controlled trials over a five-year period in a high impact factor journal
Authors: Konwar M , Mamde A , Patankar P , Thatte UM , Gogtay NJ
Published: September 2021

Background:

Randomized controlled trials [RCTs] form the corner-stone of evidence-based medicine. RCTs published in high impact factor journals such as the New England Journal of Medicine [NEJM] are a key driver of clinical practice and policy decisions. RCTs are expected to report both efficacy and safety, however, safety reporting in many studies tends to be poor. The present audit was undertaken with the primary objective of evaluating safety reporting during a five-year period in all RCTs published in the NEJM.

Methods:

PubMed alone was searched for RCTs published in NEJM from 2013-17. Each RCT was searched for the following outcome measures –whether the trial was sponsored by pharmaceutical industry or investigator initiated, phase of trial, nature of intervention and therapeutic area in terms of reporting of safety outcomes [with ‘P values’ or ‘95% confidence interval’].

Results:

A total of n=623 articles reported safety outcomes of which 275/623 (44.1%) articles reported statistics for safety outcome. There was significant difference in reporting of safety statistics between investigator initiated studies and pharmaceutical industry sponsored studies, [cOR=4.0, 95% CI 2.8- 5.5 P < 0.001]; phase 3 and phase 4 trials, [cOR 0.67, 95% CI 0.5 - 0.9, P = 0.02]; trials involving drugs and surgery, [cOR 2.07, 95% CI 1.2-3.5, P = 0.01] and in therapeutic areas, cardiovascular and oncology [cOR 0.26, 95% CI 0.1-0.4, P < 0.0001].

Conclusions:

Safety reporting in RCTs continues to take a back seat relative to efficacy reporting and is worse for pharmaceutical industry funded studies. Safety reporting should be emphasized in the CONSORT guidelines.
" متطلبات تطبيق هندرة الجامعات السعودية في ضوء تحديات العصر الرقمي"
Authors: د. ذهب نايف الشمري د. ذهب نايف الشمري
Published: September 2021

. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى دراسة متطلبات تطبيق هندرة الجامعات السعودية في ضوء تحديات العصر الرقمي، واقتصرت في هذه الدراسة على جامعة حائل كنموذج نظرا لأنها الجامعة التي تعمل بها الباحثة والأكثر دراية بها، واستخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي، وتم الاستعانة بأداة الاستبانة لمعرفة مدى متوافر متطلبات تطبيق الهندرة في الجامعات، تمهيدا لوضع عدد من التوصيات لتدعيم المتطلبات المتوافرة، ولتوفير المتطلبات غير المتوافرة، وطبقت الاستبانة على أعضاء هيئة التدريس بجامعة حائل بعدد من الكليات النظرية والعملية في قسمي الذكور والإناث. وأسفرت نتائج الدراسة عن تفوق نسبيا محور متطلبات إعادة هندرة العمليات الأكاديمية على محور متطلبات إعادة هندرة العمليات الإدارية؛ حيث بلغ الأول (59.89%)، بينما بلغ الثاني (57.07%) مما يدل على أن العمليات الأكاديمية بالجامعة أفضل من العمليات الإدارية وانتهت الدراسة بوضع عدد من التوصيات التي من شأنها تدعيم متطلبات الهندرة المتوافرة، وتوفير متطلبات الهندرة غير المتوافرة على المحورين الإداري والأكاديمي.
التطبيق الأصولي على أحاديث الأحكام (بعض أحاديث الطهارة من عمدة الأحكام أنموذجًا)
Authors: د. مشهور بن حاتم بن حامد الحارثي د. مشهور بن حاتم بن حامد الحارثي
Published: September 2021

. فهذا بحث بعنوان: "التطبيق الأصولي على أحاديث الأحكام – بعض أحاديث الطهارة من عمدة الأحكام أنموذجًا-"، رَغِبْت من خلاله بيانُ فاعليةِ علمِ أصول الفقه، وأثرِه في فهمِ النصوص الشرعية والاستنباطِ منها على وجه صحيح، ولا يَخفى أنَّ هذا الأمرَ من أهمِّ أغراضِ علمِ أصول الفقه، ومتى خَلا عن ذلك كان عِلْماً قليلَ الفائدة، ضعيفَ الأثر. وقد قسَّمت هذا البحث إلى ثلاثة مباحث وخاتمة، المبحث الأول في تعريف التطبيق الأصولي لغة واصطلاحًا، والمبحث الثاني في تعريف أحاديث الأحكام لغة واصطلاحًا، والمبحث الثالث في التطبيق الأصولي على بعض أحاديث الطهارة، وانتقيت ستة أحاديث من أحاديث النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في أبواب الطهارة من كتاب عمدة الأحكام للإمام المقدسي رحمه الله تعالى لإعمال القواعد الأصولية والفقهية عليها. وأسأل الله تعالى بمنِّه وكَرَمه أن يجعل هذا البحث خالصاً لوجهه الكريم، نافعا لعباده المؤمنين، وصلِّ اللهم على نبينا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه وسلِّم.
تحليل الأخطاء النحوية لدى متعلمي اللغة العربية الناطقين بلغات أخرى
Authors: ماهر بن دخيل الله الصاعدي ماهر بن دخيل الله الصاعدي
Published: September 2021

. أجريت هذه الدراسة كمحاولة للكشف عن أنواع الأخطاء النحوية في كتابات متعلمي اللغة العربية غير الناطقين بها ومعرفة أكثرها شيوعاً لديهم؛ وتكوّنت عينة البحث من متعلمي اللغة العربية الناطقين بغيرها، والبالغ عددهم 40 طالباً من طلبة المستوى الرابع بمعهد تعليم اللغة العربية لغير الناطقين بها بالجامعة الإسلامية؛ واستخدمت الدراسة اختباراً كتابياً كأداة للدراسة؛ حيث طُلب من المشاركين اختيار موضوع واحد من ثلاثة موضوعات طًرحت عليهم، والكتابة عنه في حدود 150- 200 كلمة؛ وقد اعتمدت الدراسة منهج تحليل الأخطاء. وأظهرت الدراسة أن المشاركين ارتكبوا (562) خطأ توزعت في (17) ظاهرة نحوية؛ وكان معظم هذه الأخطاء ناتجة عن النقل من اللغة الأم، وعدم معرفة الطلاب باللغة العربية جيداً؛ لذلك ينبغي أن يكون المعلم على دراية تامة بالموضوعات النحوية التي يواجه الطلاب صعوبة في اكتسابها.
أهمية اللغة الإنجليزية ودورالمعلمين في تجسيد رؤية المملكة 2030
Authors: انتخاب عالم خان انتخاب عالم خان
Published: September 2021

. جامعة الملك عبد العزيز ، جدة ، المملكة العربية السعودية الهدف من هذه البحث هو دراسة أهمية اللغة الإنجليزية والدور الحاسم لمعلمي اللغة الإنجليزية في عملية تجسيدرؤيةالمملكه السعودية 2030. شملت الدراسة 100 مدرس للغة الإنجليزية (ذكور وإناث) في السنة التحضيريه في جامعة الملك عبد العزيز، جده، المملكة العربية السعودية. كانت طريقة التحليل من النوع المختلط. قد يكون هناك اختلاف في التصورات تجاه أهمية اللغة الإنجليزية ودور المعلمين بناءً على العوامل الأكاديمية والمهنية (المعرفة، التعليم، التدريب) وعوامل أخرى (الجنسيات، الجنس، التعليم والخلفيات المختلفة). استكشفت هذه الدراسة العوامل التي تعتبر بالغة الأهمية في التأثير على عملية تنفيذ الرؤية السعودية 2030. ستسهم النتائج في جهود الجهات الحكومية المعنية التي تسعى إلى تجسيد رؤية 2030 وخاصة قطاع التعليم.
دور تحليلات البيانات الضخمة في إدارة المخاطر في البنوك السعودية: دراسة استقصائية
Authors: خالد بن حامد سلمان اللهيبي خالد بن حامد سلمان اللهيبي
Published: September 2021

يهدف هذا البحث إلى تحديد دور استخدام تحليلات البيانات الضخمة في عملية إدارة المخاطر في البنوك السعودية، وتلخيص الأبعاد الرئيسية لعملية إدارة المخاطر في البنوك السعودية، وكذلك السمات الرئيسية لتحليل البيانات الضخمة. وتستند هذه الدراسة إلى جمع البيانات من خلال توزيع قائمة استبيان على عينة من المسئولين عن إدارة المخاطر بالبنوك السعودية. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، أجرى الباحثان دراسة نظرية مكتبية، وذلك لتحقيق أهداف البحث. وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى أن هناك علاقة ذات مغزى إحصائي بين استخدام تحليلات البيانات الضخمة وتحقيق نتائج إيجابية في عملية إدارة المخاطر في البنوك السعودية بشكل عام، وهناك ارتباط إيجابي، تبلغ قيمته حوالي 0,5. كما توصلت هذه الدراسة إلى وجود علاقة ذات مغزى إحصائي بين استخدام تحليلات البيانات الضخمة وتحقيق آثار إيجابية في عملية الحد من المخاطر في البنوك السعودية. وهناك ارتباط إيجابي قيمته قريبة من الواحد الصحيح (0,8 تقريبا). بالإضافة إلى ذلك، توصلت الدراسة إلى وجود علاقة ذات مغزى إحصائي بين استخدام تحليلات البيانات الضخمة وتحقيق آثار إيجابية في عملية تجنب المخاطر في البنوك السعودية. هناك ارتباط إيجابي، قيمته قريبة من الواحد الصحيح (0,9 تقريبا). وأخيرًا، يوصي الباحثان بضرورة تطبيق تحليلات البيانات الضخمة في البنوك السعودية بشكل صحيح من أجل تحسين جودة عملية إدارة المخاطر أكثر وأكثر. وبالتبعية تحقيق تغييرات إيجابية في العمليات التشغيلية في المصارف بالسعودية.
معالجة الدوال المنطقية المحددة جزئيًا في التحليل المقارن الوصفي باشتقاق المجموعات الأصغرية للمتغيرات الداعمة قبل إيجاد المجاميع غير الوافرة
Authors: علي محمد علي رشدي علي محمد علي رشدي
Published: September 2021

. نستخدم صورة معيارية منتظمة من خريطة كارنوه ثمانية المتغيرات لاستكشاف واحدة من أكبر المسائل النمطية المطروقة في التحليل المقارن الوصفي (ح ق و). نتعامل مع الدالة البولانية المحددة جزئيًا التي تصف هذه المسألة بأسلوب جديد يتطلب أولا اشتقاق جميع المجموعات الأصغرية للمتغيرات الداعمة، ثم يتبع ذلك بإيجاد جميع المجاميع غير الوافرة التي تمثل الدالة البولانية لكل من هذه المجموعات. هذا الأسلوب يختلف عن أسلوب التصغير الأعظمي الشائع استخدامه عند تصميم الدوائر الرقمية، والذي (أ) يتسم بوجود مجموعة وحيدة للمتغيرات الداعمة تضم كل المتغيرات، و(ب) يعنى بإيجاد مجموع أصغري واحد من بين المجاميع غير الوافرة. نوجه نقدا للتيار الغالب على التحليل المقارن الوصفي لأنه قلد بدون تبصر أسلوب التعامل مع الدوال البولانية المتبع في تصميم الدوائر الرقمية، وذلك بهدف الوصول بسرعة إلى نتيجة واحدة قوية ولكنها غير مبررة. وفي الحقيقة، فإن مزاعم القوة التي أسبغت على التحليل المقارن الوصفي لا تصح على إطلاقها، وإنما فقط حين يمكن (تبرير) وصف الدالة البولانية المستخدمة بمجموعة أصغرية وحيدة للمتغيرات الداعمة والتعبير عنها بمجموع غير وافر وحيد يمثل مجموعا أصغريا وحيدا هو المجموع الكامل أو صيغة بليك الإسنادية. يتم توضيح جميع القضايا المذكورة من خلال الحل الخريطي التفصيلي للمسألة النمطية سالفة الذكر ومقارنة هذا الحل بالحل التقليدي الآلي الذي تم الحصول عليه في الدراسات السابقة. لا نضطر في هذا الحل إلى عمل إجراء التصغير الأعظمي إلا بعد تصغير حجم الخريطة باختزال متغيراتها إلى المتغيرات الداعمة فحسب.