bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La Violencia años cincuenta contada por sus víctimas
Authors: Valencia Gutiérrez Alberto
Published: August 2022

Cuando una sociedad pasa por un conflicto interno de violencia o una guerra con el exterior debe realizar al menos tres tareas, para restablecer la institucionalidad y garantizar la no repetición de lo sucedido: la reparación de las víctimas y de los daños, la identificación y la sanción de los responsables y la elaboración del significado de lo sucedido. Con ocasión de la firma de los acuerdos de paz de 2016 Colombia se encuentra comprometida en estos tres procesos. Sin embargo, la experiencia al respecto ha sido muy pobre en la larga historia del conflicto colombiano. Para aprender de la historia y no repetirla este libro estudia la manera como se resolvieron estos tres aspectos en el caso de la Violencia de los años 1950, que enfrentó a conservadores y liberales por doce años o más: la Comisión Investigadora de las causas de la violencia, la Comisión Especial de rehabilitación, el juicio a Rojas Pinilla en el Senado de la República, la publicación del libro La violencia en Colombia en 1962 y la manera como el Frente Nacional enfrentó el problema de la construcción de la memoria de lo sucedido. La pregunta que queda pendiente es hasta qué punto, la precaria solución que tuvo el enfrentamiento de aquella época, ha sido uno de los factores para que la violencia siga presente en la vida política colombiana y hoy estemos frente a los inicios de un tercer ciclo. El libro incluye un apéndice con una antología de los informes que recibió la Comisión Investigadora a su paso por varios departamentos, que permiten tener una apreciación de lo sucedido en la voz de las víctimas.
Regulation of Remote Sensing of the Earth from Space: International Practice
Authors: Popova Svetlana Mikhailovna , Uvarov Valentin Borisovich , Yanik Andrey Aleksandrovich
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the results of the study of international experience in regulating activities in the field of remote sensing of the Earth from space. The institutional and legal approaches of a number of countries and regional associations with a developed remote sensing sector are considered. The purpose is to identify models of regulation and experience useful for russian context. The source base consisted of more than 100 official documents (normative legal acts, strategies, programs, official reports, other materials), as well as academic publications related to the issue under consideration. General scientific research methods, content analysis, formal legal analysis, and comparative legal approaches were used to solve the research tasks. Summary information (on the main regulatory legal acts and institutions regulating remote sensing, features of licensing procedures, approaches to the storage and dissemination of remote sensing data) is presented in tabular form. Authors consider the approaches of states to remote sensing regulation can be described by a limited number of core models (three legal models, two institutional approaches), but international practice differs in a wide variety of details that reflect the specifics of the national context. Authors found the essential similarity of approaches to the regulation of space activities of the two space powers – the Russian Federation and the United States, so the analysis of American failures with the privatization of remote sensing in the late 1970s and 1980s can be useful in determining the ways of development and commercialization of this sector in Russia. The relevance of attention to the international practice of remote sensing regulation is justified by the importance of creating favorable legal mode for the development of this sector in Russia facing the challenges of rapid growth of the market for active Earth observation from space, as well as sharp expansion in the number of users and applications of remote sensing data.
Digital Rehabilitation Programs Improve Therapeutic Exercise Adherence for Patients With Musculoskeletal Conditions: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Zhi-Yuan , Tian Lv , He Kang , Xu Lin , Wang Xiao-Qi , Huang Lu , Yi Jiang , Liu Zhong-Liang
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of digital rehabilitation for improving adherence to therapeutic exercise in people with musculoskeletal conditions.

DESIGN: Intervention systematic review with meta-analysis.

LITERATURE SEARCH: Five databases were searched from their inception to March 2022.

STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomized controlled trials evaluating digital rehabilitation programs to improve adherence to therapeutic exercise for people with musculoskeletal conditions.

DATA SYNTHESIS: We calculated standardized mean differences (SMDs) or mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Certainty of evidence was rated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.

RESULTS: Eleven trials were included in the meta-analysis (n = 1144 participants). At short-term follow-up, digital rehabilitation was no better than nondigital rehabilitation (3 trials, adherence rate of prescribed exercise test SMD 0.50, 95% CI: −0.13, 1.13; 2 trials, self-reported exercise adherence test MD 1.07, 95% CI: 0.58, 1.56; 2 trials, assessor-reported exercise adherence test SMD −0.10, 95% CI: −0.56, 0.36). At intermediate-term follow-up, digital rehabilitation improved exercise adherence compared with nondigital rehabilitation (6 trials, adherence rate of prescribed exercise test SMD 0.53, 95% CI: 0.35, 0.70; 2 trials, self-reported exercise adherence test MD 1.50, 95% CI: 0.76, 2.25; 2 trials, Exercise Adherence Rating Scale test MD 5.86, 95% CI: 0.08, 11.65). At long-term follow-up, there was no clinically important difference between digital and nondigital rehabilitation (2 trials, adherence rate of prescribed exercise test SMD 0.28, 95% CI: −0.14, 0.70; 1 trial, self-reported exercise adherence test MD 0.20, 95% CI: −0.91, 1.31).

CONCLUSION: Digital rehabilitation was effective at improving therapeutic exercise adherence in musculoskeletal conditions at mid-term follow-up, but not at short- and long-term follow-up. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022;52(11):726–739. Epub: 12 August 2022. doi:10.2519/jospt.2022.11384
A case of traumatic acute interhemispheric subdural hematoma due to injured dural branch of anterior cerebral artery
Authors: Nakajima Hideki , Tsuchiya Takuro , Shimizu Shigetoshi , Suzuki Hidenori
Published: August 2022

Background:

The precise causes of traumatic acute interhemispheric subdural hematoma (AISDH) are unclear in most cases, and there are few cases, where the sources of bleeding are directly confirmed intraoperatively. We report a rare case of traumatic AISDH, in which a damaged dural branch of anterior cerebral artery (ACA) to the cerebral falx was identified as the cause of bleeding during hematoma removal.

Case Description:

A 61-year-old man with a history of craniotomy for the left putaminal hemorrhage at the age of 50 fell from a bed, bruised his head, and lost consciousness. Computed tomography of the head showed AISDH of 2.5cm in thickness, which was removed through a parietal parasagittal craniotomy under the microscope. Intraoperatively, the bleeding source was revealed to be a damaged dural branch from ACA to the cerebral falx. There was no rebleeding during his stay in our hospital.

Conclusion:

In this case, intraoperative findings revealed that the cause of bleeding was a damage to the dural branch of ACA. A vascular study is mandatory to rule out a vascular malformation in similar cases.
Surgical management of giant cell tumor invading the occipital bone: A case report and literature review
Authors: Bocanegra-Becerra Jhon E. , Showing Marco Gonzales-Portillo , Tanta Luis A. Huamán
Published: August 2022

Background:

Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) rarely originates in the skull, particularly in the occipital bone. Although benign, it can severely destroy the surrounding tissue and undergo an unpredictable clinical course. We report the successful resection of a GCTB invading the occipital bone in a Hispanic adult woman and present a comprehensive review of the literature on this rare pathology by focusing on the occipital area.

Case Description:

A 40-year-old Hispanic woman presented with a 3-month history of neck pain and a bulging lesion on the retromastoid area. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an extradural, expansive, and contrast-enhancing lesion in the right occipital bone with multiple thin septa and evidence of bleeding. The patient underwent an uneventful gross total resection (GTR) of the lesion. The histopathological examination findings included numerous scattered osteoclast-type giant multinucleated cells. At a 10-month follow-up, the patient has not developed any neurological deficits, impairment of life functioning, or signs of recurrence in MRI.

Conclusion:

GCTB rarely originates in the skull, being the occipital bone the most infrequent site of presentation. When feasible, total surgical resection effectively reduces the risk of recurrence. Nonetheless, radiation and adjuvant therapies have been employed when GTR could not be achieved. A close follow-up with a brain MRI is advised to control recurrence.
Indolent multicentric chordoma – A previously undescribed entity: A Case report and literature review
Authors: Jenson Amanda Vilate , Taylor Daniel G. , Ayala Alberto , Jackson Robert Evan , Baskin David S.
Published: August 2022

Background:

Chordomas are rare neuraxial tumors arising from remnants of primitive notochord. They are generally slow-growing malignant neoplasms. Only four adult cases of multicentric chordomas have been reported, all with aggressive and rapid growth. Here, we present an unusual case of indolent multicentric chordomas involving cervical and thoracic spine, sacrum, and calvarium.

Case Description:

A 60-year-old male was found to have multiple lesions throughout his neuroaxis incidentally on workup for colitis. A needle biopsy documented the diagnosis of chordoma. This has been followed for more than 4 years with no progression.

Conclusion:

We present the first reported case of indolent multicentric chordomas. Due to the extreme rarity of indolent multicentric chordomas, close follow-up is needed and recommended.
Cerebral toxoplasmosis in a patient with combined variable immunodeficiency
Authors: Czech Torrey , Shah Parthav , Lee Gunnar , Watanabe Gina , Ogasawara Christian , Noh Thomas
Published: August 2022

Background:

Cerebral toxoplasmosis is an opportunistic infection in patients but has rarely been described in the setting of compromised humoral immunodeficiency. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of the infection is critical in the care of these patients. Medical management is the mainstay of treatment of the infection. There have been very few reports of surgical management of cerebral toxoplasmosis.

Case Description:

We describe the case of a 40-year-old male who presented with headache, memory deficits, weight loss, and left-sided weakness in the setting of a known but undiagnosed brain lesion identified 1 month prior. Imaging demonstrated a right basal ganglia lesion which was initially presumed to be malignancy. On further workup including a positive serum test and biopsy including polymerase chain reaction analysis, diagnosis was confirmed as toxoplasmosis. On further investigation, he was found to have deficiencies in immunoglobulins consistent with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). The patient underwent craniotomy with surgical debulking as repeat imaging showed increased size of mass with new satellite lesions and worsening hydrocephalus.

Conclusion:

Cerebral toxoplasmosis is an important differential to consider in cases of intracerebral lesions and should not necessarily be excluded in the absence of compromised cellular immunity. In cases where there is no immunocompromised state and malignancy cannot immediately be established, CVID should be considered as an etiology. Due to the subtlety of CVID diagnosis, careful attention should be paid to history taking and workup for CVID should be considered as soon as possible. Surgical removal of these lesions in conjunction with medications is an effective treatment option.
From the First Public Museum in Moscow to the Country’s National Library: Conference “Rumyantsev Readings—2022”
Authors: Ivanova Elena A.
Published: August 2022

On 19—21 April 2022, the Russian State Library (RSL) hosted the annual International Research and Practical Conference “Rumyantsev Readings”. It was attended by the experts from the Russian Federation, as well as the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Republic of Armenia, the Republic of Belarus, the Donetsk People’s Republic, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Moldova, and the Republic of Uzbekistan.

The subject matter of the conference covers a wide range of issues on the theory and practice of library science, bibliography, and book science. Among this year’s main trends were the history of librarianship, the discovery of universal and specialised collections, and the multi-dimensional activities of modern libraries.

In 2022, the RSL celebrates a memorable date: the 160th anniversary of the establishment of the Moscow Public Museum and the Rumyantsev Museum. This major event was highlighted in both greeting addresses and scientific reports presented at the conference.

The agenda of the Readings included 15 round tables and sections. A number of meetings were broadcast on the RSL YouTube channel; some of them could be attended remotely using video conferencing tools.

The RSL publishing house “Pashkov Dom” published a two-part collection of conference proceedings, which included 163 articles by 177 authors.

Since its establishment in 1981, the Conference have been a key event for the professional community, annually drawing a large number of participants. It also contributes to the introduction of new sources into scientific circulation, the development of scientific research, the expansion of cooperation between various institutions, and intercultural communication.
Retrospective Bibliography in the Largest Siberian Library: History, Projects, Prospects
Authors: Mandrinina Lyudmila A. , Busygina Tatyana V.
Published: August 2022

The article shows the significance of retrospective indexes in the system of Siberian bibliography in the historical context. The authors highlight the history of formation and development of retrospective bibliography in the State Public Scientific Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, starting from the 1960s. The article places the main emphasis on the implementation of major bibliographic projects of the State Public Scientific Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences: creation of a set of retrospective indexes and databases on bibliography of bibliographies, the history of book, librarianship and bibliography; preparation of the Union catalogue of Siberian and Far Eastern books as part of the national retrospective bibliography of Russia; creation of biobibliographic databases. The authors draw conclusions about the importance of various types of bibliographic products (electronic and printed) and outline the tasks on bibliographic activity of the State Scientific Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the field of retrospective bibliography.
Library Digitalisation as a Mainstream of Scientific Discourse
Authors: Tikunova Irina P.
Published: August 2022

Since 2017, the Russian State Library (RSL) has held annually scientific and practical seminars of the cycle “The Role of science in the development of libraries: theoretical and practical aspects”, addressed to library specialists and scientists in the field of library science, bibliography science and book studies. The main targets of the events of the cycle are to activate research work in the field of library science, bibliography science and book studies; to discuss current problems of scientific activity of federal and regional library centres; to acquaint library specialists with the results of scientific research. One of the thematic blocks of the cycle consists of seminars devoted to the problems of digitalisation of librarianship. The latest scientific and practical seminar of this block devoted to the topic “Digital transformation of libraries as a subject of scientific research” was held on February 10, 2022. The speakers of the seminar were the leading scientists of the Centre for Study of Library Development Problems in the Information Society of the RSL. The seminar program included two questions. M.Y. Neshcheret presented the results of studying the remote reference and bibliographic services offered on the websites of national libraries around the world. Y.N. Stolyarov analysed the content of publications on the study of digitalisation problems in Russian professional journals. The seminar noted the significant role of practical librarians in the implementation of digital technologies in the work of libraries, as well as demonstrated achievements, proving the need for social library institute. The speakers called on contemporary researchers to intensify scientific research aimed at theoretical understanding of the ongoing processes of digitalisation. The seminar aroused considerable interest of library specialists.
Development of forms and methods of virtual presence in educational activities
Authors: Быкова И. В. , Зяблова Е. С. , Удовенко Е. В.
Published: August 2022

В статье рассмотрены понятия «виртуальная реальность» и «дополненная реальность». Раскрыто формирование истоков виртуальной реальности, аргументировано отличие виртуальной реальности от дополненной. Охарактеризованы мировые экспериментальные исследования использования виртуальной и дополненной реальности в современном образовательном процессе и их результаты. Эти и другие особенности виртуальной и дополненной реальностей демонстрируют свои преимущества по сравнению с традиционными методами организации учебной деятельности. В статье приведены разновидности элементов виртуальной реальности, их влияние на образовательный процесс. Определены типы систем виртуальной реальности, разграничение которых лежит в плоскости способов и режимов их взаимодействия с пользователем. Рассмотрены преимущества и недостатки и проблемы применения виртуальной и дополненной реальностей в современном образовательном процессе. Приведены примеры образовательных приложений виртуальной и дополненной реальностей, что делает обучение более эффективным, а именно: Google Expeditions, Second Life, Melchemistry, New Horizon, Project Glass, Atom Visualizer, CreatorAVR, School in the Park, AR-экскурсии. В Европе самым популярным стал проект «ClassVR», с помощью которого можно осуществлять обучение, используя  технологии виртуальной реальности, не только в небольших группах, но и в настоящих учебных классах с большим количеством студентов, что, собственно, и начали массово внедрять в современных европейских университетах.

The article discusses the concepts of "virtual reality" and "augmented reality". The formation of the origins of virtual reality is revealed, the difference between virtual reality and augmented reality is argued. The world experimental studies of the use of virtual and augmented reality in the modern educational process and their results are characterized. These and other features of virtual and augmented reality demonstrate their advantages over traditional methods of organizing educational activities. The article presents the varieties of virtual reality elements, their impact on the educational process. The types of virtual reality systems are defined, the differentiation of which lies in the plane of the methods and modes of their interaction with the self-interest. The advantages and disadvantages and problems of using virtual and augmented realities in the modern educational process are considered. Examples of virtual and augmented reality educational applications are given, which makes learning more effective, namely: Google Expeditions, Second Life, Melchemistry, New Horizon, Project Glass, Atom Visualizer, CreatorAVR, School in the Park, AR excursions. In Europe, the most popular project has become "ClassVR", with the help of which it is possible to carry out training using virtual reality technologies, not only in small groups, but also in real classrooms with a large number of students, which, in fact, began to be massively implemented in modern European universities.
Regulatory support for the activities of educational quality management bodies
Authors: Голенкова О. В. , Данилова Т. В. , Демина А. В.
Published: August 2022

Процесс реформирования системы высшего образования в России, новый этап которого начался с принятием в 2014 г. обновленной версии Федерального Закона "О образовании", предусматривает развитие качественного высшего образования как одну из приоритетных целей государственной образовательной политики. Субъектами управления качеством высшего образования выступают как заклады высшего образования, обязательства сформировать систему внутреннего обеспечения качества, так и органы публичной власти, которые несут ответственность за создание необходимых условий для развития качественного высшего образования и формирования системы внешнего обеспечения качества. В этих условиях весьма актуальным является изучение современных практик управления качеством высшего образования, в частности органами публичной власти. Целью статьи является характеристика качества высшего образования как объекта управленческого влияния, определение основных направлений публичного управления качеством высшего образования, а также стратегических задач государства по формированию системы обеспечения качества высшего образования в России. Современные отечественные ученые уделяют значительное внимание изучению различных аспектов проблемы качества высшего образования, но, предпочтительно, она рассматривается в поле педагогической науки, а не управленческой.

The process of reforming the higher education system in Russia, a new stage of which began with the adoption in 2014 of the updated version of the Federal Law "On Higher Education", provides for the development of high-quality higher education as one of the priority goals of the state educational policy. The subjects of higher education quality management are both the foundations of higher education, the obligations to form an internal quality assurance system, and public authorities that are responsible for creating the necessary conditions for the development of high-quality higher education and the formation of an external quality assurance system. In these conditions, it is very relevant to study modern practices of quality management of higher education, in particular by public authorities. The purpose of the article is to characterize the quality of higher education as an object of managerial influence, to determine the main directions of public quality management of higher education, as well as the strategic objectives of the state for the formation of a system of quality assurance of higher education in Russia. Modern Russian scientists pay considerable attention to the study of various aspects of the problem of the quality of higher education, but
Trends in inclusive education
Authors: Дзятковская Е. Н. , Дзятковский А. Д.
Published: August 2022

Цель статьи – проанализировать современные тенденции развития инклюзивного образования в мире. Сделан вывод о расширении этого понятия, увеличении числа стран, охваченных этим процессом, разнообразии используемых моделей, усилении их социального контекста, обращении к междисциплинарному подходу и осознании большого числа нерешенных проблем.

The aim of the article is to analyze current trends in the development of inclusive education in the world. The conclusion is made about the expansion of this concept, the increase in the number of countries covered by this process, the variety of models used, the strengthening of their social context, the appeal to an interdisciplinary.
Formation of competencies in the field of structural balance of education
Authors: Быкова И. В. , Удовенко Е. В. , Чижевский А. Е.
Published: August 2022

Обоснована необходимость формирования компетенции учреждения высшего образования как современного конкурентного преимущества в условиях экономики знаний. Дано авторское определение компетенции учреждения высшего образования как уникальной совокупности знаний, навыков, опыта и организационных связей, которые в сочетании с ресурсами и технологиями создают конкурентные преимущества заведения высшего образования и обеспечивающих его рыночный успех. Сформирована классификация источников компетенции высших учебных заведений как совокупности разнообразных ресурсов знаний. На основе проведения экспертного опроса выявлены факторы высшего образования, учитывается в формировании компетенции. Определены ключевые признаки высшего образования. Раскрыт процесс идентификации источников компетенции учреждения высшего образования. Сформирована процедура идентификации источников компетенции учреждения высшего образования путем анализа движения знаний в цикле знаний. В экономике знаний знания и информация играют ведущую роль в развитии экономических систем любого уровня. Они лежат в основе формирования новых конкурентных преимуществ на основе создания продуктов, процессов и услуг с новыми потребительскими свойствами.

The necessity of forming the competence of a higher education institution as a modern competitive advantage in the knowledge economy is substantiated. The author's definition of the competence of a higher education institution is given as a unique set of knowledge, skills, experience and organizational ties that, combined with resources and technologies, create competitive advantages of a higher education institution and ensure its market success. The classification of the sources of competence of higher educational institutions as a set of diverse knowledge resources has been formed. Based on the expert survey, the factors of higher education are identified, which are taken into account in the formation of competence. The key features of higher education are identified. The process of identifying the sources of competence of a higher education institution is disclosed. A procedure has been formed for identifying the sources of competence of a higher education institution by analyzing the movement of knowledge in the knowledge cycle. In the knowledge economy, knowledge and information play a leading role in the development of economic systems at any level. They underlie the formation of new competitive advantages based on the creation of products, processes and services with new consumer properties.
Models of qualitative assessment of educational process management
Authors: Комарова С. В. , Савин А. В. , Чухачева Е. В. , Чаркина Н. В.
Published: August 2022

Современное общество специалисты называют постиндустриальным, информационным, а также обществом знаний. Для него характерным является возрастание роли интеллектуального потенциала, знаний. Практика показывает, что страны, производство в которых базируется на высоких технологиях, имеют качественную систему образования. Это подтверждает опыт США, Японии, Великобритании, Германии и других высокоразвитых стран. Проблемы качества образования в России остаются актуальными. Особенно они обострились в условиях глобализации, активного внедрения в производство научно-информационных технологий, которые требуют повышения уровня подготовки специалистов, их адаптации к новым социально-экономическим реалиям. По данным международного исследования «Студенты – образ будущего», проведенного Федеральным Институтом Исследований, на родине хотели бы учиться только 15,5% российских студентов, тогда как, например, среди белорусов данный процент – 34,1%. В то же время среди опрошенных 45,9% желают учиться в университетах Великобритании, 23,8% – в США, 14,9% – в Германии.

Experts call modern society a post-industrial, informational, and knowledge society. It is characterized by an increasing role of intellectual potential, knowledge. Practice shows that countries where production is based on high technologies have a high-quality education system. This is confirmed by the experience of the USA, Japan, Great Britain, Germany and other highly developed countries. The problems of the quality of education in Russia remain relevant. They have become especially acute in the context of globalization, the active introduction of scientific and information technologies into production, which require an increase in the level of training of specialists, their adaptation to new socio-economic realities. According to the international study "Students are the Image of the Future" conducted by the Federal Research Institute, only 15.5% of Russian students would like to study at home, whereas, for example, this percentage is 34.1% among Belarusians. At the same time, 45.9% of respondents want to study at universities in the UK, 23.8% – in the USA, 14.9% – in Germany.
Frenkel Excitons in Vacancy-ordered Titanium Halide Perovskites (Cs₂TiX₆)
Authors: Kavanagh Seán R. , Savory Christopher N. , Liga Shanti M. , Konstantatos Gerasimos , Walsh Aron , Scanlon David O.
Published: August 2022

Low-cost, non-toxic and earth-abundant photovoltaic materials are a long-sought target in the solar cell research community. Perovskite-inspired materials have emerged as promising candidates for this goal, with researchers employing materials design strategies including structural, dimensional and compositional transformations to avoid the use of rare and toxic elemental constituents, while attempting to maintain high optoelectronic performance. These strategies have recently been invoked to propose Ti-based vacancy-ordered halide perovskites (A₂TiX₆; A = CH₃NH₃, Cs, Rb, K; X = I, Br, Cl) for photovoltaic operation, following the initial promise of Cs₂SnX₆ compounds. Theoretical investigations of these materials, however, consistently overestimate their band gaps – a fundamental property for photovoltaic applications. Here, we reveal strong excitonic effects as the origin of this discrepancy between theory and experiment; a consequence of both low structural dimensionality and band localization. These findings have vital implications for the optoelectronic application of these compounds, while also highlighting the importance of frontier-orbital character for chemical substitution in materials design strategies.
Adsorption Isotherms of Congo red dye on groundnut shell and sorghum husk
Authors: Sunday Kyauta , Yohanna Nyankwon Muru
Published: August 2022

Abstact Using of low cost absorbent is necessary in order to prevent environmental problem. Most of the different methods of water treatments are very expensive, therefore attention most be given to use of cheap absorbent for water treatment. In this research work, sorghum husk and groundnut shell were used to remove Congo red dye in water at the laboratory scale. Batch studies were carried out to determine the adsorption equilibrium of Congo red dye on the two different adsorbent and also to verify the reported data using Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm. The studies shows that for the adsorption of Congo red dye on sorghum husk and Congo red dye on groundnut shell, Freundlich isotherm fitted well the experimental data due to high R2 values of 0.983 and 0.9720 respectively. The Temkin binding energy (bT) are positive for the two experiment, indicating that the process is endothermic.
Problems associated with effective pharmacotherapy of the elderly patients (geriatrics): A review
Authors: Korol Liudmila A. , Egorova Svetlana N. , Kudlay Dmitry A. , Krasnyuk Ivan I. , Sologova Susanna S. , Korol Viktoria A. , Smolyarchuk Elena A. , Mandrik Mark A.
Published: August 2022

The worlds older population is growing dramatically. At the same time, ensuring an appropriate high standard of living for the elderly by reducing of morbidity and disability of geriatric patients is one of the main objectives of the modern healthcare system. However, changes associated with body aging necessitate application of novel approaches to the correction of pharmacotherapy and usage of specialized dosage forms. Such medicinal products provide both an appropriate therapeutic effect and facilitate their use. Presented review considers several features of pharmacotherapy of geriatric patients.
New opportunities for preventive anti-inflammatory therapy in the management of patients with moderate and severe COVID-19
Authors: Gorelov Aleksandr V. , Kalyuzhin Oleg V. , Bagaeva Madina I.
Published: August 2022

The specific feature of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is high risk of hyperinflammatory response or cytokine storm development, which underly the pathogenesis of several life-threatening conditions and determine the disease outcomes. Pathophysiological features of COVID-19 justify the search of effective drugs capable to control the hyperinflammatory response.
Aim. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Aterixen (1-[2-(1-Мethylimidazol-4-yl)-ethyl]perhydroazin-2,6-dion) for achieving clinical improvement in adult patients hospitalized with moderate and severe COVID-19.
Materials and methods. Multicenter, adaptive, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Aterixen , tablets, 100 mg, in patients with COVID-19. The study analysis included 116 patients who, by randomization, were divided into 2 groups: 57 patients were included in the Aterixen drug group and 59 patients were in the placebo group.
Results and conclusion. Obtained results have shown high efficacy and statistically significant superiority of Aterixen over placebo. Thus, it allows us to consider it as viable medication for COVID-19 pathogenetic therapy.
Pathomorphological and clinical characteristics of blastic plasmocytoid dendritic cell neoplasm. Case report
Authors: Sherstnev Andrei A. , Kovrigina Alla M. , Solovyova Tatiana I. , Moiseeva Tatiana N.
Published: August 2022

The paper reveals the 5 cases date about blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm. The presented information demonstrates morphological, immunohistochemical data and clinical manifestations.
Aseptic nasal septal abscess in patients with ulcerative colitis: two case reports. Case report
Authors: Polyakova Irina N. , Miroshnichenko Andrei P. , Aleksandrova Mariia I. , Stryuk Raisa I.
Published: August 2022

Ulcerative colitis (UC) may be associated with different extra-intestinal manifestations (EIM), which are often difficult to diagnose and treat, and may complicate the course of the disease. EIM are a multidisciplinary problem encountered by doctors of various specializations. However, many incidences of EIM in patients with UC remain unknown. The coexistence of UC and aseptic nasal abscess (ANA) is uncommon. Here, we describe two cases of ANA in young female patients with UC. ANA run in parallel with intestinal disease activity and led to necrosis of the septal cartilage. Moreover, pyoderma gangrenosum was described in one of them. Aseptic abscess syndrome should be kept in mind when a microbial factor is not identified, the diagnosis is not clear or a patient is not improving on appropriate antibacterial therapy. ANA can present as a rare complication of UC.
Biochemical markers of thrombotic complications in the acute period of ischemic stroke
Authors: Kochetov Anatoly G. , Lyang Olga V. , Zhirova Irina A. , Ivoylov Oleg O.
Published: August 2022

Aim. To study the profile of biochemical markers of the hemostasis system, to clarify their role and relationships in the pathogenesis of the development of thrombotic complications (TC) of ischemic stroke (IS) and the associated assessment of the possibilities of their diagnostic application.
Materials and methods. The study group included 302 patients (164 men, 138 women) who were admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of IS within 24 hours of the onset of the disease. The diagnosis was confirmed by computed tomography. The average age of patients was 69 (5088) years. Blood was taken from all patients on the 1st day of the disease to determine the profile of analytes presumably associated with the pathogenesis of TC. Levels of homocysteine, protein C inhibitor, thrombomodulin, plasminogen, tissue plasminogen activator, urokinase, plasminogen activator type 1 inhibitor, t-PA/PAI-1 complex, vitronectin, plasmin-2-antiplasmin complex, D-dimer, fibronectin were determined in blood serum by ELISA.
Results. TC in the acute period of IS (up to 21 days) were recorded in 32 (10.6%, 95% CI 7.3714.3) patients, of which pulmonary embolism was observed in 27 (8.94%, 95% CI 5.9812.4) patients, deep vein thrombosis in 5 (1.66%, 95% CI 0.473.47) patients. The results of the study of a panel of specific proteins involved in pathogenetic processes accompanying necrosis of brain tissue in IS demonstrated that of the entire list of markers of the hemostasis system activation selected for the study, the most significant are: the concentration of fibronectin in the prognosis of the absence of TC with a threshold value of more than 61 mkg/ml and OR 4.4 (95% CI 1.512.9, p=0.011), and the concentration of the t-PA/PAI-1 complex in the prognosis of the development of TC with a threshold value of more than 14 ng/ml and OR 11.3 (95% CI 1.18109.3, p=0.03).
Conclusion. The significance of the t-PA/PAI-1 complex and fibronectin as markers of TC in IS may be due to a violation of the activation processes of the fibrinolytic link of hemostasis and the accumulation of non-deposited compounds that damage the vascular wall.
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: from pathogenesis to the choice of treatment tactics
Authors: Valieva Zarina S. , Martynyuk Tamila V.
Published: August 2022

Presents data on the pathogenesis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), which serve as a rationale for approaches to the choice of treatment. CTEPH usually begins with persistent obstruction of the large and/or medium pulmonary arteries by organized thrombi. Impaired lysis of thrombi may be associated with abnormal fibrinolysis, hematological or autoimmune diseases. The molecular processes underlying the lesions of small vessels are not fully understand. The degree of small-vessel disease has a significant impact on the severity of CTEPH and postoperative outcomes. The CTEPH treatment has evolved with the development of three directions pulmonary endarterectomy, balloon angioplasty of pulmonary arteries and the use of specific therapy used for pulmonary arterial hypertension. The paper demonstrates the possibilities of a multimodal approach in the treatment of this category of patients.
Features of the intestine conditions at patients with a new coronavirus infection
Authors: Topchiy Tatiana В. , Ardatskaya Maria D. , Butorova Ludmila I. , Маslovskii Leonid V. , Мinushkin Оleg N.
Published: August 2022

COVID-19 infection may present with gastrointestinal lesions in up to 25% of patients. One of the target organs of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is the intestine. The pathogenesis of intestinal damage in a new coronavirus infection remains unclear and requires further in-depth study. Possible mechanisms include a direct cytotoxic effect of the virus, a persistent reduction in butyrate-producing bacteria, side effects of drugs, Clostridioides difficile infection, microvascular thrombosis, and the immune-mediated inflammatory reactions in the intestine. The most common symptom of intestinal damage during coronavirus infection, both in the acute phase and in the post-COVID period, is diarrhea. The impact of many aggressive factors on the intestines can form both long-term functional disorders and be the cause of the onset of organic diseases. Treatment should be aimed at possible causes of intestinal damage (Clostridioides difficile), as well as reducing inflammation, restoring intestinal permeability, cytoprotection of mucosal cells, replenishing butyric acid deficiency. When choosing a therapy for intestinal disorders, preference should be given to drugs with a pleiotropic effect in order to influence various possible pathogenetic mechanisms.
Neutrophils delay repair process in Wallerian degeneration by releasing NETs outside the parenchyma
Authors: Yamamoto Yasuhiro , Kadoya Ken , Terkawi Mohamad Alaa , Endo Takeshi , Konno Kohtarou , Watanabe Masahiko , Ichihara Satoshi , Hara Akira , Kaneko Kazuo , Iwasaki Norimasa , Ishijima Muneaki
Published: August 2022

Although inflammation is indispensable for the repair process in Wallerian degeneration (WD), the role of neutrophils in the WD repair process remains unclear. After peripheral nerve injury, neutrophils accumulate at the epineurium but not the parenchyma in the WD region because of the blood–nerve barrier. An increase or decrease in the number of neutrophils delayed or promoted macrophage infiltration from the epineurium into the parenchyma and the repair process in WD. Abundant neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were formed around neutrophils, and its inhibition dramatically increased macrophage infiltration into the parenchyma. Furthermore, inhibition of either MIF or its receptor, CXCR4, in neutrophils decreased NET formation, resulting in enhanced macrophage infiltration into the parenchyma. Moreover, inhibiting MIF for just 2 h after peripheral nerve injury promoted the repair process. These findings indicate that neutrophils delay the repair process in WD from outside the parenchyma by inhibiting macrophage infiltration via NET formation and that neutrophils, NETs, MIF, and CXCR4 are therapeutic targets for peripheral nerve regeneration.
PHISHING URL DETECTION WEBSITE
Authors: BR Mahalakshmi , R Aishwarya , Keerthika KandiSai , Reddy M Chaitra
Published: August 2022

Phishing websites are one of the types of internet security issues that target human vulnerabilities rather than software flaws. It's the technique of luring online users in order to get sensitive information like usernames and passwords. We present an intelligent technique for detecting phishing websites in this research. The technology works as an add on to an internet browser, notifying the user when it finds a phishing website. The system is based on supervised learning, which is a type of machine learning. We chose the Random Forest approach because of its high categorization performance. Our goal is to develop a higher performing classifier by examining the characteristics of phishing websites and combining them in the best way possible.
KRJS SCHOLARSHIP PORTAL
Authors: S Ganavi , priya U Monisha , Yoshika Guvvala , jvs Harshini , S Suma
Published: August 2022

A scholarship can assist you in achieving your higher education goals while reducing your stress levels. Many families may not be able to send their children to higher education institutions, but thanks to scholarships, every student who meets the precise qualifying conditions can pursue higher education. The awards given by scholarship are renewable. The project helps in providing scholarship for only eligible students. Module is completely based on train & test, EDA for regression, missing value treatment, feature selection & scaling, prediction using model. The way to support students to pursue higher study is the Scholarships. Rejecting the deserved students can destroy student’s carrier. So, it is important select deserved candidates for scholarship. The Human based selection is biased, difficult, resource and time consuming. So, we want to automate the task so that we can produce reliable, unbiased, fast results.
STOCK AND CRYPTOCURRENCY PREDICTION
Authors: Bhavanagarwala Mustafa Shabbir , K N Nagarjun , Charolia Tanzim Abbas , M Vishal , M Ashwini
Published: August 2022

In our project, the point is to anticipate long term esteem of the money related stocks of a company and crypto coins individually with fine precision. The future prices of stock and cryptocurrency are predicted by using the past available values. “Buy low, sell high" is a good saying but it is not a good choice for making speculations. Investment is best stock or crypto currency in awful time can have bad results, while investment in best stock or cryptocurrency at right time can have best benefits. Prediction for long term values is easy as compared to day-to-day basis as prices fluctuate a lot. So, our model predicts the price of stocks and cryptocurrencies, which helps the investors to invest in appropriate stocks and cryptocoins. The dataset used is taken from yahoo finance and twelve data using web scraping. The dataset retrieved is in raw format. It consists of collection of values of stock market data of various companies, and also data of various cryptocurrencies. First, raw data is converted into processed data, which is done using feature extraction. Then the dataset is splitted into training and test sets. We use the training dataset to train the model, and use test dataset to predict the future prices of stocks and cryptocurrencies. Now user can gain best knowledge about stock price trends of various companies and also cryptocurrency price trends, and can decide on for best investments in respective fields and gain best benefits.
RESTAURANT RECOMMENDATION SYSTEM
Authors: G Sneha , Vivek Tippireddy , J Vandana , S Varsha , M V Rachitha
Published: August 2022

A recommendation system is a collection of algorithms that learn from data and, after processing, can make recommendations to clients. Because of their application in a variety of fields, recommendation systems have recently gained a lot of attraction. Recommender systems are commonly used to forecast user preferences for objects, and they are popular for assisting users in finding restaurants and other products. The Restaurant Recommendation System's main goal is to recommend the best restaurant in the area, as well as food, based on the user's tastes. This programme considers the users' culinary tastes and ratings while making food recommendations.
SMART WEARABLE GADGET FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED WITH GPS TRACKER
Authors: R Raj kumar , Awez Shaik Mohammed , G Shakthi , Patgar Sharat Ramachandra , C R Mamatha
Published: August 2022

According to the research dispensed by the globe Health Organization (WHO), it absolutely was found that there a minimum of 285 million people across the world who are visually-impaired. This device offers an ETA (Electronic Travel Aids)-smart guiding device in the form of a VR box for providing this group with direction effectively and safely due to the difficulties of travelling. A multimodal fusion-based obstacle-avoiding algorithm is described that differs from prior systems in that it makes use of the Camera to identify people and detect barriers. Through GPS Module we are able to find the placement of user. Once an obstacle on the trail of the user is detected, it alerts the user through the audio messages. Thus, helping the user to navigate safely.
AN ANALYSIS OF WIRELESS NETWORKS
Authors: Chavan Pundalik , Reddy Dr. K. Satyanarayan , P N Sharada
Published: August 2022

Wireless networks have a unique capability of maintaining same contact even if one moves from one location to another. It provides the flexibility and versatility for wireless communications. The wireless and mobile communications have found usefulness in the area of commerce, education, defense, home-based and industrial applications, and military environment. Wireless networks have had a significant impact on the world through the use of wireless networks; information could be sent overseas or behind the enemy lines easily, efficiently and more reliably. Wireless networking is an essential productivity tool for today's mobile workforce. With wireless networking, we can stay connected to companies and others information resources virtually anytime, anywhere. Wireless networks are becoming more and more ubiquitous in recent years, ranging from mobile analog and digital cellular telephony up to satellite broadcasting. Therefore, supporting a high Quality of Service (QoS) in delivering voice, video and data in this context has emerged as one of the most important challenge of the new century. In this research article we present a survey on introduction to wireless networks, classification of wireless networks, quality of service(QOS) parameters like bandwidth, Delay, Delay Variation (Jitter), Throughput, Energy, and finally to provide the Security to information about different parameters for end-to-end communication over wireless networks.