bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of copolymerization reactivity ratios in the Berkson error regression model
Authors: Тимофеева Анастасия Юрьевна
Published: August 2021

Рассматривается проблема оценки относительной активности мономеров на основе дифференциального уравнения сополимеризации. Обосновано включение в модель погрешности измерения входного признака в виде ошибки Берксона. Предложен алгоритм одновременного оценивания констант сополимеризации и дисперсий ошибок с помощью метода максимального правдоподобия. На примере сополимеризации виниловых эфиров произведено сравнение разных методов оценивания констант сополимеризации. Показано, что метод на основе симметричных уравнений дает некорректные результаты. Результаты оценивания с помощью предложенного алгоритма наиболее близки к оценкам, полученным по нелинейному методу наименьших квадратов

Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to study methods for estimating copolymerization reactivity ratios based on the differential composition equation. Methodology. Most estimation methods reduce the differential composition equation to a linear form. They are based on the least squares method and do not take into account the measurement error in the input variable. Therefore they lead to statistically incorrect results. When analyzing the problem on the basis of the error-in-variables model in the classical case, additional information is required to determine the magnitude of the errors in measuring the concentration of monomers in the mixture and in the copolymer. Inclusion of the measurement error in the input variable into the model as the Berkson error is more consistent with the actual conditions of the experiments. It allows simultaneous estimating both the reactivity ratios and the variances of measurement errors using the maximum likelihood method. Results. The algorithm have been developed for estimating reactivity ratios with no additional information. The empirical study of estimation methods has been carried out using the example of copolymerization of vinyl esters. Findings. It is shown that the method based on symmetric equations gives incorrect results. Estimation results using the proposed algorithm are closest to the estimates obtained by the nonlinear least squares method
The modification of the singular spectral analysis basic method for improving the accuracy of forecasting the irregularity of the Earth rotation
Authors: Гречкосеев Александр Кузьмич , Толстиков Александр Сергеевич , Тиссен Виктор Мартынович , Карманов Виталий Сергеевич , Ваганова Анна Игоревна
Published: August 2021

Растущие потребности в точности координатно-временных определений со стороны многих прикладных наук о Земле и практических задач приводят к необходимости постоянного совершенствования средств и методов определения и прогнозирования параметров вращения Земли. Параметр “всемирное время”, характеризующий фазу вращения Земли, в наибольшей степени среди других влияет на точность координатно-временных определений. В данной статье приводится описание применения метода сингулярного спектрального анализа к прогнозированию временных рядов параметров вращения Земли. Предлагается модификация базового метода, направленная на повышение точности прогноза. Выполнены сравнительные оценки точности прогнозов всемирного времени, рассчитанных методом сингулярного спектрального анализа, с аналогичными прогнозами Международной службы вращения Земли. Показана целесообразность применения метода сингулярного спектрального анализа для прогнозирования на интервалы более 50 дней

Growing demand for accuracy of coordinate-time determinations from both many applied Earth sciences and practical problems requires the continuous improvement of means and methods for determining and predicting the parameters of the Earth rotation. Parameter “World time” characterizes phase of the Earth’s rotation and mostly affects the accuracy of coordinate-time determinations. This article describes application of method of singular spectral analysis for forecasting the time series of the Earth’s rotation parameters. We propose modification of basic method, which aims at increasing forecast accuracy. We made comparative estimates for accuracy of world time forecasts calculated by the method of singular spectral analysis with similar forecasts by the International Earth Rotation Service. The expediency of using the method of singular spectral analysis for predicting intervals of more than 50 days is shown
A finite difference analogue of the “mean field” equilibrium problem
Authors: Корниенко Виктория Сергеевна , Шайдуров Владимир Викторович , Карепова Евгения Дмитриевна
Published: August 2021

Представлен конечно-разностный аналог дифференциальной задачи, сформулированной в терминах теории “игр среднего поля” (mean field games). Задачи оптимизации такого типа формулируются как связанные системы параболических дифференциальных уравнений в частных производных типа Фоккера - Планка и Гамильтона - Якоби - Беллмана. Предложенный конечно-разностный аналог обладает основными свойствами оптимизационной дифференциальной задачи непосредственно на дискретном уровне. В итоге он может служить как приближение, сходящееся к исходной дифференциальной задаче при стремлении шагов дискретизации к нулю, так и как самостоятельная оптимизационная задача с конечным числом участников. Для предложенного аналога построен алгоритм монотонной минимизации функционала стоимости, проиллюстрированный на модельной экономической задаче

In most forecasting problems, overstating or understating forecast leads to various losses. Traditionally, in the theory of “mean field games”, the functional responsible for the costs of implementing the interaction of the continuum of agents between each other is supposed to be dependent on the squared function of control of the system. Since additional external factors can influence the player’s strategy, the control function of a dynamic system is more complex. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to develop a computational algorithm applicable for more general set of control functions. As a research method, a computational experiment and proof of the stability of the constructed computational scheme are used in this study. As a result, the numerical algorithm was applied on the problem of economic interaction in the presence of alternative resources. We consider the model, in which a continuum of consumer agents consists of households deciding on heating, having a choice between the cost of installing and maintaining the thermal insulation or the additional cost of electricity. In the framework of the problem, the convergence of the method is numerically demonstrated. Conclusions. The article considers a model of the strategic interaction of continuum of agents, the interaction of which is determined by a coupled differential equations, namely, the Fokker - Planck and the Hamilton - Jacobi - Bellman one. To approximate the differential problem, difference schemes with a semi-Lagrangian approximation are used, which give a direct rule for minimizing the cost functional
Features of BIM-model preparation for photorealistic interactive visualization in virtual and augmented reality
Authors: Згода Юрий Николаевич , Семенов Алексей Александрович , Вагер Борис Георгиевич
Published: August 2021

Описан высокоэффективный алгоритм экспорта BIM-моделей из BIM-пакета Autodesk Revit с целью построения интерактивной визуализации в виртуальной и дополненной реальности. Для демонстрации эффективности алгоритма выполнена его апробация на информационной модели с высокой степенью детализации. Проведен сравнительный анализ с различными программными комплексами, автоматизирующими экспорт BIM-моделей

Purpose: built-in tools of software packages, such as Autodesk Revit or Renga do not allow rendering realistic BIM-model. Visualization tools of various graphical packages (Autodesk 3ds Max, Blender, Cinema 4D etc.) are mostly using ray tracing, which makes it almost impossible to change the camera angle, geometry materials, lighting parameters etc. in real-time. Therefore, an interactive BIM-model visualization is needed. Such visualization achieves its maximum efficiency when virtual and augmented reality technologies are employed, which allow studying the designed object in volume but requires preliminary processing for model optimization. The purpose of this work is the development of an algorithm for preparation of BIM-model for interactive visualization in virtual and augmented reality. Methodology: processing of BIM-models developed in BIM-modelling software package Autodesk Revit is considered (but main concepts could be applied to other BIM-modelling software packages). Autodesk 3ds Max was selected for model’s geometry processing. Various features of BIM-model export were examined, as well as available ways for optimization of geometry of a building, BIMmodel component structuring and material management. A literature on the subject of the study was analyzed. Findings: a universal algorithm has been developed allowing, on the basis of the information model of the building, in the shortest possible time to prepare a highly optimized 3D model, ready for interactive visualization Value: the developed algorithm can be applied to a BIM-model of any complexity. High level of model optimization allows performing realistic visualization with various interactive components thereby increasing overall realism of interactive visualization
Usage of composite kernel in the SPH method for simulating the movement of granular materials
Authors: Потапов Игорь Иванович , Решетникова Ольга Владимировна
Published: August 2021

В работе для моделирования движения сыпучей среды используется метод сглаженных частиц. Для аппроксимации искомых функций предложено новое составное ядро малой связности. Основой для разработки ядра послужило требование к условию о сохранении плотности единичной SPH-частицы. Выполнение данного условия позволяет правильно моделировать поле плотности на границах расчетной области, а также в случаях структурных изменений каркаса гранулированных частиц сыпучей среды. Из анализа решения задачи гидростатики методом SPH получена оценка значения масштаба сглаживающей длины ядра для двумерного случая. Выполнен расчет процесса обрушения гранулированного “столба” и проведено сравнение полученных численных результатов моделирования с экспериментальными данными.

The purpose of the study is to improve the practice of the SPH methodology which is applied for modelling of movement in the various media. The basis of the SPH-approximation of the function fields is formed by the forms of the smoothing kernel and its derivatives. Popular forms of smoothing kernels are characterized by the presence of significant fatal approximation errors when modelling granular media. Methodology. The state of granular medium is described by the classical motion and mass conservation equations. Each granule of the medium corresponds to a separate SPH particle. To approximate the density and pressure fields in the SPH particle, a new combination of the smoothing core and its first derivative forms is proposed. Results. The proposed new composite core fulfills the conditions of mass conservation and density recovery in the particle during SPH modeling. It is shown that the new composite core is characterized by a minimum error of pressure gradient approximation - about 2%. A new estimate for the velocity of propagation of an elastic wave in a medium, sufficient to obtain a correct numerical solution, is proposed. A comparative analysis of the obtained solutions with experimental data is made. Findings. The proposed composite shape of the smoothing kernel allows correct simulation of the motion of a granular medium by the SPH method. Its compactness (unit smoothing radius and unit smoothing length) makes it possible to correctly reconstruct the density field at the boundaries of the computational domain and in cases of structural changes in the framework of the granular medium. The numerical solution of the problem of the collapse of a column of granules obtained using the proposed composite core shows good agreement with experimental data.
Cloud technologies for development of geographically distributed computational and analytical Geological environment
Authors: Ерёменко Виталий Сергеевич , Наумова Вера Викторовна , Загуменнов Алексей Андреевич , Булов Станислав Владимирович
Published: August 2021

Описываются подходы к организации единого рабочего пространства исследователя для обработки геологической информации. Предложены подходы по взаимодействию с внешними территориально распределенными сервисами обработки и анализа геологических данных на основе WPS-платформы и по организации интегральной платформы для доступа к интерактивным облачным сервисам обработки геологических данных. Приводятся примеры облачных сервисов и платформ и сравниваются их основные характеристики. Описывается программная реализация предложенных подходов в рамках разрабатываемой информационноаналитической системы GeologyScience.ru. Приводится общая архитектура системы, и кратко описывается каждый из ее модулей. Описываются внешние сервисы, интегрированные в разрабатываемую платформу.

The purpose of the study is to create an approach for organization of unified workspace for geological data research and processing. The study proposes approaches for organization of interaction with external geographically distributed processing and analytical services of geological data based on WPS platforms. Аn approach for integral platform organization providing access to interactive cloud processing of geological data is proposed. It connects the users with modern methods of data processing and analysis. A brief description of existing cloud services and platforms and comparison of their basic features is presented. Various groups of cloud services are described depending on the type of services provided to the user. Software implementation of approaches proposed within developing informational and analytical system GeologyScience.ru is addressed. The general architecture of the system and author’s modules developed including technological solutions used are described. A brief review of the services integrated into the platform being developed now is given. The use of the developed platform for processing and analyzing of geological data allows further expanding of capabilities of information-analytical environment developers to support scientific research.
On splitting for cubic spline wavelets with four zero moments on an interval
Authors: Шумилов Борис Михайлович
Published: August 2021

В пространстве кубических сплайнов построены вейвлеты, удовлетворяющие однородным граничным условиям Дирихле и обнулению первых четырех моментов. Получены неявные соотношения, связывающие сплайн-коэффициенты разложения на начальном уровне со сплайн-коэффициентами и вейвлет-коэффициентами на вложенном уровне ленточной системой линейных алгебраических уравнений с невырожденной матрицей. После расщепления на четные и нечетные уравнения матрица преобразования имеет пять (вместо трех в случае двух нулевых моментов) диагоналей. Доказано наличие строгого диагонального доминирования по столбцам. Для сравнения использованы вейвлеты с двумя нулевыми моментами и интерполяционные кубические сплайновые вейвлеты. Результаты численных экспериментов показывают, что схема с четырьмя нулевыми моментами точнее при аппроксимации функций, но грубее при аппроксимации второй производной.

The article examines the problem of constructing a splitting algorithm for cubic spline wavelets. First, a cubic spline space is constructed for splines with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions. Then, using the first four zero moments, the corresponding wavelet space is constructed. The resulting space consists of cubic spline wavelets that satisfy the orthogonality conditions for all thirddegree polynomials. The originality of the research lies in obtaining implicit relations connecting the coefficients of the spline expansion at the initial level with the spline coefficients and wavelet coefficients at the embedded level by a band system of linear algebraic equations with a nondegenerate matrix. Excluding the even rows of the system, the resulting transformation algorithm is obtained as a solution to a sequence of band systems of linear algebraic equations with five (instead of three in the case of two zero moments) diagonals. The presence of strict diagonal dominance over the columns is proved, which confirms the stability of the computational process. For comparison, we adopt the results of calculations using wavelets orthogonal to first-degree polynomials and interpolating cubic spline wavelets with the property of the best mean-square approximation of the second derivative of the function being approximated. The results of numerical experiments show that the scheme with four zero moments is more accurate in the approximation of functions, but becomes inferior in accuracy to the approximation of the second derivative.
Application of Apache Big Data technologies for the problems of climate monitoring
Authors: Золотов Сергей Юрьевич , Турчановский Игорь Юрьевич
Published: August 2021

Описан эксперимент по использованию технологий Apache Big Data в исследованиях климатических систем. В ходе эксперимента реализовано четыре варианта решения тестовой задачи. Ускорение расчетов с помощью технологий Apache Big Data вполне достижимо, и наиболее эффективный способ для этого найден в четвертом варианте решения тестовой задачи. Суть найденного решения сводится к преобразованию исходных наборов данных к формату, подходящему для хранения в распределенной файловой системе и применения технологи Spark SQL из стека Apache Big Data для параллельной обработки данных на вычислительных кластерах.

The core of the Apache Big Data stack consists of two technologies: Apache Hadoop for organizing distributed file storages of unlimited capacity and Apache Spark for organizing parallel computing on computing clusters. The combination of Apache Spark and Apache Hadoop is fully applicable for creating big data processing systems. The main idea implemented by Spark is dividing data into separate parts (partitions) and processing these parts in memory of many computers connected within a network. Data is sent only when needed, and Spark automatically detects when the exchange will take place. For testing, we chose the problem of calculating the monthly, annual, and seasonal trends in the temperature of the atmosphere of our planet for the period from 1960 to 2010 according to the NCEP/NCAR and JRA-55 reanalysis data. During the experiment, four variants of solving the test problem were implemented. The first variant represents the simplest implementation without parallelism. The second implementation variant assumes parallel reading of data from the local file system, aggregation, and calculation of trends. The third variant was the calculation of a test problem on a two-node cluster. NCEP and JRA-55 reanalysis files were placed in their original format in the Hadoop storage (HDFS), which combines the disk subsystems of two computers. The disadvantage of this variant is loading all reanalysis files completely into the random access memory of the workflow. The solution proposed in the fourth variant is to pre-convert the original file format to a form when reading from HDFS is selective, based on the specified parameters.
The model of facture of Russian poetic texts
Authors: Барахнин Владимир Борисович , Кожемякина Ольга Юрьевна , Кузнецова Ирина Владимировна , Карпова Вера Алексеевна
Published: August 2021

При исследовании зависимости смыслового содержания поэтических текстов от их метроритмических характеристик и строфики возникает необходимость в описании фактур - совокупностей названных характеристик поэтических текстов. В статье сформулировано определение фактуры - структурной модели поэтического текста, которая однозначно определяет метроритмический и строфический шаблон стихотворного текста; представлены алгоритмы определения метра и стопности, а также строфики стихотворения, позволяющие определить его фактуру. В ходе работы создана таблица всех фактур, встречающихся в стихотворениях А.С. Пушкина, с приведением примеров строф для каждого типа фактуры

The dependence of the semantic content of poetic texts on their metrorhythmic characteristics and the structure of stanzas requires describing the factures - the combination of these characteristics of poetic texts. The purpose of this article is to formulate the definition of facture as a structural model of a poetic text, which uniquely determines the metrorhythmic and strophic pattern of a poetic text, and also to develop the algorithms for automatic determination of facture. To achieve this goal, an algorithm for automatic determination of meter and number of feet, as well as the algorithm for automatic determination of the structure of stanzas of poems, has been developed. A distinctive feature of the algorithm for automatic determination of meter and number of feet of poems is to take into account the real problems of accentuation, which are associated with the presence of homographs, proclitics, etc., moreover, in the case of detection of a lexeme in a line that cannot be unambiguously accentuated using the automatic accentuation methods, it is used to establish the possible accentuation “by analogy” based on the accentuation of unambiguously accentuated lines. The algorithm for automatic determination of the structure of stanzas is based on the identification of the rhyming lines on the basis of their consonance. The testing of the algorithm was carried out on the corpus of poems by A.S. Pushkin, for which the "Metric Reference Book"was manually created in the 1930s with a description of metrorhythmics and stanzas. The developed algorithm showed the almost complete compliance of the results of the automatic determination of the factures with the metrorhythmic and strophic characteristics given in the reference book. Thus, the algorithm for automatic facture detemination which is developed and programmatically implemented by the authors of the paper, can be a reliable tool for the complex analysis of metrorhythmic and strophic characteristics of Russian poetic texts
Successful Bridging to Recovery Using the Prometheus® Liver Support in a Critical Ill COVID-19 Patient with Acute Liver Failure: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, S Fandel , M Jahn ,   Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, F Herbstreit ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, A Kribben ,   Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, T Brenner ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, K Schmidt ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
Published: August 2021

Liver impairment is frequently reported in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected patients and contributes to increased morbidity and mortality in critically ill Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients. We report of a 44-year-old male patient with hypoxic and cholestatic liver failure after an initially complicated course of COVID-19 pneumonia with moderate Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) stage 3 with Kidney Replacement Therapy (KRT), thromboembolic intestinal ischemia with subtotal colectomy and partial resection of the small intestine and septic shock. After considerable clinical improvement we initiated extracorporeal liver support due to progressive hyperbilirubinemia up to 25,3 mg/dl. Within 17 days we conducted 11 sessions of extracorporeal liver support by Fractionated Plasma Separation and Adsorption (FPSA; Prometheus®) until stabilization of liver function occurred. After 52 days of intensive care treatment and successful weaning from ventilation and KRT, the patient was transferred to an Intermediate Care (IMC) unit. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a COVID-19 patient successfully treated with prolonged extracorporeal liver support. Extracorporeal procedures that support liver function should be considered as bridging to recovery in selected COVID-19 patients if liver failure presents a dominant organ dysfunction.
The birth of a healthy child in the assisted reproductive technologies program after autologous co-culture of embryo with cumulus cells and a new CAT transfer technology. Case report
Authors: Asfarova Gunai R. , Smol'nikova Veronika I. , Makarova Natalia P. , Drapkina Iuliia S. , Sysoeva Anastasiia P. , Lobanova Nataliia N. , Kalinina Elena A.
Published: August 2021

Cumulus cells are essential during oocytes growth and development, as well as during their maturation and fertilization. Research results have shown that embryo co-cultivation with autologous cumulus cells increases the frequency of blastocyst formation, and also improves the effectiveness of ART programs. Embryo transfer in such programs is recommended to be carried out using the CAT technology (Cumulus-Aided embryo Transfer), which includes embryo cultivation on a layer of cumulus cells and embryo transfer with a certain amount of diluted cumulus cells. Patient G., 38 years old, came to the department with infertility for 15 years and recurrent implantation failure in history. The patient had ART program with autologous co-cultivation of embryos with cumulus cells and a new CAT transfer technology. The patient fell pregnant and gave birth to a healthy child. Autologous cumulus cells can be a source of biologically active substances and improve embryological parameters and implantation rate in ART programs. Embryo co-cultivation with cumulus cells is especially important for patients with recurrent implantation failure. This technique can become an alternative for optimizing human embryos culturing.
Possibilities of using platelet-rich autoplasm in the complex treatment of patients with intrauterine synechiae
Authors: Martynov Sergey A. , Adamyan Leyla V. , Arakelyan Alek S. , Fyodorova Tatyana A. , Bystrykh Oksana A.
Published: August 2021

Aim. To increase the effectiveness of complex treatment of women with intrauterine synechiae (IS) through intrauterine administration of platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Materials and methods. The authors studied the complex treatment results of 60 women with second and third degree intrauterine synechiae: 20 patients in the active treatment group, after hysteroscopic destruction of intrauterine synechiae, underwent intraoperative subendometrial administration of PRP followed by irrigating the uterine cavity with PRP on the 2nd and 3rd days after the operation, along with complex postoperative treatment (antibacteria and cyclic hormone therapy, physiotherapy); 40 patients in the comparison group underwent only complex postoperative treatment without PRP administration. The authors conducted comparative assessments of menstrual function, endometrial thickness and uterine cavity during check-up hysteroscopy procedure. Results. Two months after the treatment, a statistically more significant increase in the thickness of endometrial tissue was found with the use of PRP compared with patients treated without PRP (p=0.03 and 0.04). Statistically more significant changes in the state of the uterine cavity were revealed when using PRP in the group of patients with the second-degree process severity (p=0.00005), while in patients with the third-degree process severity there were no statistically significant differences identified depending on the method of treatment used. The authors confirm high safety and reliability of the method as well as no adverse reactions to parenteral and intracavitary administration of autologous PRP. Conclusion. The study confirmed applicability and prospects of using PRP as a stage in complex treatment of IS patients.
COVID-19 in pregnant and non-pregnant women of early reproductive age
Authors: Belokrinitskaya Tatiana E. , Frolova Nataly I. , Shapovalov Konstantin G. , Kolmakova Kristina A. , Anohova Ludmila I. , Avrachenkova Alexandra V. , Prejmak Svetlana V. , Grigor'ev Alexey V. , Filyova Tatiana Y. , Gorbunova Albina N. , Dunaev Dmitry A. , Serbina Kristina S.
Published: August 2021

Aim. To identify confounding factors, features of the clinical course and outcomes of COVID-19 in pregnant and non-pregnant patients of early reproductive age who have no known risk factors and premorbid background.
Materials and methods. The study included 163 pregnant women in the third trimester of gestation, 100 non-pregnant women with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 100 pregnant women who did not get sick. Patients of all groups were comparable in age (1835 years), social status, parity, body mass index, had no known risk factors for COVID-19; those who got sick were treated simultaneously.
Results. Statistically significant associations were revealed between COVID-19 infection in the pregnant and iron deficiency anemia, vegetovascular dystonia, belonging to the Buryat ethnicity, and smoking. Pregnant women with COVID-19 were more likely to have no symptoms (23.3% vs 5%; p0.001) or had a mild course of the disease (58.9% vs 24%; p0.001). In non-pregnant patients, the course of infection was more often moderate (61% vs 14.7%; p0.001) or severe (10% vs 3.1%; p=0.038). Clinical manifestations of new coronavirus infection (NCV) in pregnant women were dominated by anosmia (87.7% vs 40%; p0.001), drowsiness (68.7% vs 17%; p0.001), dyspnea, even with a mild lung lesion (68.1% vs 19%; p0.001), headache (41.7% vs 24%; p=0.006), arthralgia (29.4% vs 16%; p=0.021), while fever above 38 C (7.4% vs 28%; p0.001) and cough (38.7% vs 61%; p0.001) were much less common. With computed tomography, pneumonia in pregnant women was diagnosed several times less often (21.4% vs 87.4%; p0.001). In the non-pregnant group, there was one death (1% vs 0%; p=0.201) associated with late hospitalization for severe NCI with grade 4 pulmonary involvement as shown on computed tomography.
Conclusion. Confounders of COVID-19 in pregnant women who have no known risk factors in the third trimester of gestation are iron deficiency anemia, vegetovascular dystonia, belonging to the Buryat subpopulation, and smoking. In pregnant women, the main clinical symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection, with the exception of loss of smell, were nonspecific and characteristic of the physiological course of late gestation: drowsiness, dyspnea, joint pain. The predominance of mild or asymptomatic forms of infection, the lower incidence of pneumonia, and the absence of deaths in pregnant women suggests a more favorable course of COVID-19 NCI.
Opportunities of treatment for primary dysmenorrhea in young women. Case report
Authors: Buralkina Nataliya A. , Batyrova Zalina K. , Kumykova Zaira K.
Published: August 2021

Primary dysmenorrhea is one of the most common causes of pelvic pain in women. It can reduce quality of life and interfere with daily activities. The use of combined oral contraceptives in young women with primary dysmenorrhea is an effective and safe treatment option. The article presents a clinical case of the effective use of combined oral contraceptives containing drospirenone in a young woman with primary dysmenorrhea and severe pain syndrome, which is not relieved by analgesics and antispasmodics and significantly reduces the patient's quality of life.
The structure of cervical diseases in women suffering from pelvic floor dysfunction
Authors: Orazov Mekan R. , Toktar Liliia R. , Karimova Gulirano A. , Aryutin Dmitrii G. , Apata O’Tosin M. , Mullina Irina A.
Published: August 2021

Background. The prevalence of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is soaring steadily. The protrusion of the cervix beyond vaginal opening when exposed to environmental factors can lead to the development of dystrophic, sclerotic and neoplastic processes of the cervix, which are mediated by changes in the pH, biocenosis of the vagina and environmental factors.
Aim. To study the pathogenesis of cervical diseases in patients with PFD.
Materials and methods. The study design is an open-label prospective observational study. The study included 40 patients of reproductive age: 26 patients with cervical disease with PFD (PFD group), 14 patients without cervical disease and PFD made up the second group.
Results. The patients included in the study were comparable in terms of age and body mass index. Pap smear analysis revealed that the average number of leukocytes is significantly higher in patients with PFD compared to patients in the group without PFD 5.5 (1.520.0) and 1.5 (1.56.5) respectively (p=0.040). In PFD group, a high prevalence of the following conditions was observed: cervical leukoplakia (15%), CIN1 (38.5%), CIN2 (8%), chronic cervicitis (38.5%). Onco-cytological test results reviewed where the high prevalence of parakeratosis and hyperkeratosis (15%), ASCUS (15%), LSIL (23%) and HSIL (8%) were also noteworthy. It was observed that human papillomavirus type 16 was predominant in PFD patient group.
Conclusion. The data obtained indicates an increased risk of developing cervical diseases in patients with PFD.
Comprehensive management of patients with pelvis organ prolapse and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Lapina Irina A. , Dobrokhotova Yulia E. , Taranov Vladislav V. , Chirvon Tatiana G. , Volkova Polina , Malakhova Anastasia A.
Published: August 2021

Background. Genital prolapse (GP) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) are characterized by a failure of connective tissue skeleton of the pelvic floor structures, and there are many risk factors in their pathogenesis. Metabolic syndrome (MS), which includes obesity and abnormalities in the lipid and carbohydrate profile, contributes to the initiation of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) due to increased intra-abdominal pressure and the presence of comorbidities. Endothelial dysfunction associated with MS aggravates the existing metabolic disorders, resulting in the formation of a vicious circle and an increase in the likelihood of recurrence of genital prolapse symptoms and НМ during tension in the postoperative period. Aim. The search for rational algorithms for the comprehensive management of patients with POP and MS. Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of effectiveness of treatment with the use of surgical method or drugs which affect the metabolic profile in patients with GP and SUI was carried out. Results. Drugs which contribute the restoration of lipid and carbohydrate profiles, and microcirculatory vasculature normalization, attenuate negative effects of MS components on the integrity of pelvic floor structures. Comprehensive management of patients with POP and MS with surgical correction of GP and SUI, as well as the use of drugs affecting metabolism, is highly effective and predictive in regard to POP severity and the risk of recurrence of clinical symptoms in the postoperative period. Conclusion. Adequate restoration of the endothelial layer in patients with pelvic floor muscle incompetence and endothelial dysfunction reduces the likelihood of developing mesh-associated complications after the surgical stage of treatment.
Zymography-types, advantages, uses and troubleshooting - A detailed review
Authors: Madhu Narayan
Published: August 2021

There are many methods for the study and quantification of enzymes in the body systems. Off-late, the method of zymography has assumed immense importance in diagnostic medicine. It is a method where enzymes are visualized using the substrate conversion technique. The product of reaction appears, or the substrate disappears and the mechanisms specific for the recognition of this measure the biochemical reaction. This procedure has many advantages, the most important ones being providing both qualitative and measurable data, such as molecular zymography methods for visualising hydrolytic enzymes and differentiating among whole molecules, degradation and complexes. There are three main types of zymography, namely- In-Gel zymography (IGZ), In-Situ zymography (ISZ) and In-vivo zymography (IVZ). There are many variations of this technique like transfer 2D and reverse zymography. This method is mainly used to study the expression of matrix metalloproteinases. Alternate to the conventional zymography techniques have been suggested, like usage of the new Ponceau S staining protocol that provides significant benefits in terms of assay usability and cost reduction and is comparatively faster and easier. Mild alterations in the actual procedure of zymography can take care of minor issues arising during the procedure.
Dystrophin involvement in peripheral circadian SRF signalling
Authors: Betts Corinne A , Jagannath Aarti , van Westering Tirsa LE , Bowerman Melissa , Banerjee Subhashis , Meng Jinhong , Falzarano Maria Sofia , Cravo Lara , McClorey Graham , Meijboom Katharina E , Bhomra Amarjit , Lim Wooi Fang , Rinaldi Carlo , Counsell John R , Chwalenia Katarzyna , O’Donovan Elizabeth , Saleh Amer F , Gait Michael J , Morgan Jennifer E , Ferlini Alessandra , Foster Russell G , Wood Matthew JA
Published: August 2021

Absence of dystrophin, an essential sarcolemmal protein required for muscle contraction, leads to the devastating muscle-wasting disease Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Dystrophin has an actin-binding domain, which binds and stabilises filamentous-(F)-actin, an integral component of the RhoA-actin-serum-response-factor-(SRF) pathway. This pathway plays a crucial role in circadian signalling, whereby the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) transmits cues to peripheral tissues, activating SRF and transcription of clock-target genes. Given dystrophin binds F-actin and disturbed SRF-signalling disrupts clock entrainment, we hypothesised dystrophin loss causes circadian deficits. We show for the first time alterations in the RhoA-actin-SRF-signalling pathway, in dystrophin-deficient myotubes and dystrophic mouse models. Specifically, we demonstrate reduced F/G-actin ratios, altered MRTF levels, dysregulated core-clock and downstream target-genes, and down-regulation of key circadian genes in muscle biopsies from Duchenne patients harbouring an array of mutations. Furthermore, we show dystrophin is absent in the SCN of dystrophic mice which display disrupted circadian locomotor behaviour, indicative of disrupted SCN signalling. Therefore, dystrophin is an important component of the RhoA-actin-SRF pathway and novel mediator of circadian signalling in peripheral tissues, loss of which leads to circadian dysregulation.
Informe Anual del Centro Colombiano de Datos Oceanográficos (Cecoldo) 2020
Authors: DIMAR Dirección General Marítima
Published: August 2021

La pandemia por la COVID-19 ocasionó en Colombia un cierre progresivo de todo tipo de actividad que implicara la interacción presencial entre un grupo de personas. En el país inició en marzo de 2020 y a la fecha de elaboración del presente informe continúa, con un pico epidemiológico que obligó nuevamente al confinamiento total de la población el cual se había levantado durante el último trimestre de 2020. Muchas iniciativas de monitoreo y, en general, de toma de datos en sitio se retomaron precisamente en el último trimestre de la vigencia; otra fuente de datos como la Red de Medición de Parámetros Oceanográficos y de Meteorología Marina (RedMpomm) no detuvieron sus operaciones para la adquisición de datos en tiempo real, sin embargo tuvieron que sortear las dificultades que se presentaron para el mantenimiento de estaciones automáticas y boyas de oleaje que hacen parte de esta red. De ahí que el 2020 no se destacó precisamente por la alta producción de datos oceanográficos en el país, lo cual fue aprovechado por el Cecoldo para enfocar sus esfuerzos en gestionar los datos de varias iniciativas para completar series y conjuntos de datos históricos y recientes, y para formular e iniciar el desarrollo de proyectos de tecnología que permitieran facilitar y promover el acceso y uso de los datos que produce Colombia.
Anuario Científico CCCP 1984 - 2000
Authors: Montagut Cifuentes Eduardo Alejandro , Casanova Rosero Robinson Fidel , Betancourt Portela Julián Mauricio , Patiño Martínez Juan Alberto , Edgard Enrico Cabrera Luna , José Luis Blanco García
Published: August 2021

Manejo integral de la zona costera aplicado al ordenamiento territorial del municipio de Tumaco. // Análisis de algunas características físico-químicas registradas en las aguas estuarinas de la Ensenada de Tumaco. // Variación espacio-temporal del zooplancton en la Ensenada de Tumaco, Pacífico colombiano. // Investigación oceanográfica conjunta en la Región Pacífica Sudeste y su proyección. La Dirección General Marítima a través de sus dos Centros de Investigación localizados en Cartagena y Tumaco, desarrolla investigación científica marina con una tradición de más de dos décadas y aportes sign ificativos al conocimiento descriptivo de las aguas oceánicas del Caribe y del Pacífico, a sus litorales y zonas costeras. Es tal vez esta materia en la que mayores resultados tangibles se han obtenidoen los últimos años, no solamente al existir una tradición y experiencia ampliamente reconocidas nacional e internacionalmente, sino porque contamos con un recurso humano idóneo, cal ificado, tanto a bordo de las unidades oceanográficas como en tierra y con un extraordinario sentido de pertenencia. Considerando que las plataformas de investigación son esenciales para el fortalecimiento de la capacidad operativa e investigativa de la Armada Nacional y la Dirección General Marítima, se desarrol la desde 1999, el proyecto de reparaciones mayores de los buques oceanográficos ARC Malpelo y ARC Providencia, que debe terminar en el 2001. La Agenda para la Colombia del siglo XXI , publicada por COLCI ENCIAS, nos indica que se han promulgado los planes estratégicos preparados en los siete programas Nacionales de Innovación y Desarrollo Tecnológico. En este contexto la Dirección General Marítima formuló su Agenda Científica que identificó cuatro Programas para ser desarrol lados en el período 2000-2010: Oceanografía Operacional , Protección del Medio Marino, Zona Costera e Hidrografía. La estrategias regionales de ciencia y tecnología cobran entonces, especial relevancia. Es en el espacio regional, y en el de las necesidades locales, que se puede buscar una más clara articulación entre los programas nacionales y los requerimientos de desarrollo del país. Con el lema: Colombia dos Mares, una Patria , el presente Anuario Científico, en su primera edición pretende consolidar en un solo volumen, resultados de investigaciones adelantadas en los dos Centros y que por lo tanto ameritan su divulgación y difusión, dentro de la estrategia institucional de comunicación para dar a conocer los avances de la investigación desarrollada, así como la toma de conciencia sobre el problema ambiental, la degradación de la zona costera y su situación particular de riesgo en la región del Pacífico, el rol principal de los océanos y el clima, la explotación de recursos oceánicos vivos y no vivos y la necesidad de sostenibil idad en su utilización.
Variación espacio - temporal del zooplancton en la ensenada de Tumaco, Pacífico colombiano
Authors: Patiño Martínez Juan Alberto
Published: August 2021

Se caracterizó la variación espacio temporal del zooplancton, en 10 estaciones ubicadas en la ensenada de Tumaco, mediante el análisis de muestras colectadas mensuales durante el período mayo - octubre de 1999. Se identificaron 21 grupos de organismos del zooplancton, siendo el dominante, los copépodos, seguido por larvas de crustácea decápoda, bivalvos, pterópoda y quetognatos, estos mismos grupos son a la vez los mas frecuentes. En la determinación de los porcentajes acumulativos en el tiempo el mes de septiembre aparece como un mes de valor reproductivo para especies de importancia comercial y de consumo humano como crustáceos y bivalvos. Se determinaron un total de diez grupos como constantes para la ensenada de Tumaco con frecuencias superiores al 50%. Los picos de abundancia fueron variables espacial y temporalmente. El máximo valor por estación fue durante el mes de julio y el mínimo fue durante el mes de mayo.
Modelación numérica de derrame de crudo y un concepto de problema inverso
Authors: Serguei A. Lonin
Published: August 2021

Se utilizó el concepto de problema inverso como complemento a los resultados del trabajo de modelación numérica de derrames de hidrocarburos previamente realizado. Este concepto contempla dos partes: La búsqueda de la posición de derrame a través del método modificado de prueba y error y la determinación del volumen derramado, solucionando las ecuaciones conjugadas de transporte de la mancha.
Peningkatan Aktivitas Dan Hasil Belajar Tema 4 Subtema 1 Melalui Pendekatan TPACK (Technology Pedagogy Content Knowledge) Pada Peserta Didik Kelas V SD Negeri 1 Jeketro Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021
Authors: Baktiningsih Desi , Reffiane Fine , Susanto Joko
Published: August 2021

Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini dilaksanakan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar tema 4 subtema 1 pada peserta didik kelas V SD Negeri 1 Jeketro. Peneliti menerapkan pendekatan Technology, Pedagogy, Content Knowledge (TPACK) untuk mewujudkan kedua hal tersebut. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah aktivitas dan hasil belajar peserta didik tema 4 subtema 1 kelas V SD Negeri 1 Jeketro. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini dilaksanakan secara sistematis dengan manggunakan angket pengamatan aktivitas belajar dan tes formatif berbasis online. Berdasarkan pengamatan pembelajaran pada siklus pertama, tingkat aktivitas belajar dan hasil belajar peserta didik mencapai 66,67% dengan rata-rata nilai hasil belajar mencapai 70,6. Pada siklus kedua, peneliti dengan penerapan pendekatan TPACK yang disesuaikan dengan hasil refleksi siklus pertama mampu meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar peserta didik hingga mencapai 93,33%, namun rata-rata nilai hasil belajar hanya mencapai 84. Penelitian belum dinyatakan berhasil karena indikator keberhasilan dari penelitian ini adalah 100% peserta didik dikategorikan beraktivitas baik dan tuntas dalam hasil belajarnya dengan rata-rata nilai minimal 85 sehingga penelitian dilanjutkan pada siklus ketiga. Pemantapan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan TPACK dilakukan pada siklus ketiga, dampak positif dari hal tersebut mampu meningkatkan aktivitas belajar peserta didik yakni 100% dari jumlah peserta didik kelas V dinyatakan beraktivitas baik dalam pembelajaran dan mendapatkan niai lebih atau sama dengan KKM disertai rata-rata nilai mencapai 86. Dengan temuan dan hasil pengamatan dari siklus pertama sampai siklus ketiga terjadi kenaikan yang dominan dan mencapai Indikator keberhasilan yang ditetapkan peneliti. Atas dasar hal itu, peneliti menarik simpulan bahwa dengan penerapan pendekatan pada pembelajaran tema 4 subtema 1 di kelas V dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar peserta didik. Dengan hasil ini, diharapkan mampu menjadi salah satu referensi bagi peneliti lain dalam mengembangkan inovasi pembelajaran. Kata kunci: aktivitas, hasil belajar, TPACK