bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polyneuritis Cranialis Associated with BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine in a Healthy Adolescent
Authors: Kulsirichawaroj Pimchanok , Sanmaneechai Oranee , Wittawatmongkol Orasri , Chokephaibulkit Kulkanya
Published: January 2022

A 16-year-old Thai girl developed right facial palsy, a lower motor neuron lesion, and numbness 3 h after receiving the first dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. Neurological examination showed the involvement of the right cranial nerves (CN) V, VII, IX, and X. Electrophysiological tests revealed the absence of an F wave response, suggesting a proximal demyelinating process. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain demonstrated abnormal enhancement of the right CN VII. The cerebrospinal fluid profile on day 7 after the onset of symptoms was normal. The patient was diagnosed with polyneuritis cranialis, a rare variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome. She was successfully treated with intravenous immunoglobulin therapy.
COVID-19 Vaccination Willingness and Acceptability in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Cross Sectional Study in Iran
Authors: Nabavi Seyed Massood , Mehrabani Mehrnoosh , Ghalichi Leila , Nahayati Mohammad Ali , Ghaffari Mehran , Ashtari Fereshteh , Mohammadianinejad Seyed Ehsan , Karimi Shahedeh , Faghani Leila , Yazdanbakhsh Sepideh , Najafian Abbas , Shahpasand Koorosh , Vosough Massoud
Published: January 2022

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, predominantly immune-mediated degenerative disease of the central nervous system. Due to prolonged use of immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive medications, vaccine hesitancy could be common among MS patients. Our main aim in the current study was to evaluate the willingness and acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with MS. In our multicenter cross-sectional questionnaire-based clinical study, 892 patients completed the questionnaire between May to June 2021. The questionnaire consisted of demographic data, MS disease-related factors, history of COVID-19 infection/vaccination, and any existing comorbidities. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 19. Overall, 68% of the participants expressed willingness to be vaccinated. Major causes of vaccine refusal in our patients were the fear of reducing the efficacy of disease modifying drugs (DMDs) upon vaccination as well as distrusting the vaccines and overestimation bias in the power of their innate immunity and potential COVID-19 resistance. Some demographic factors affected vaccination enthusiasm in our study. Our findings did not show significant correlation between the age and comorbidity and vaccine willingness. Only one-third of our patients received their vaccine information from healthcare providers. The majority of them received these data from official broadcasting channels and social media. However, despite several concerns, the willingness of COVD-19 vaccination in the Iranian MS patients is remarkable.
Attribution of Changes in Streamflow to Climate Change and Land Cover Change in Yangtze River Source Region, China
Authors: Ahmed Naveed , Wang Genxu , Lü Haishen , Booij Martijn J. , Marhaento Hero , Prodhan Foyez Ahmed , Ali Shahid , Ali Imran Muhammad
Published: January 2022

The quantitative attribution of changes in streamflow to climate change (CC) and land cover change (LCC) for the Yangtze River Source Region (YRSR), China, was assessed. We used a combination of the SWAT model along with the statistical technique one factor at a time (OFAT) and innovative trend analysis (ITA) to achieve the study objectives. The climate and hydrology data from 1961 to 2016 and land-cover maps of 5 years’ difference from 1985 to 2015 were used. The model was calibrated (1964–1989) using a land-cover map of 1985 and validated for 1990–2016. This validated model was further validated for all other land-cover maps used in this study. The SWAT model simulation showed that streamflow had been significantly influenced by CC compared to LCC using land-cover maps of 1985–1990, 1990–1995. However, the SWAT model simulations did not result in further changes in streamflow for land cover maps of 2000–2005, 2005–2010, and 2010–2015 because there have not been any significant changes in land cover after 2000 while the main contributing factor was climate change. The SWAT model simulations showed that the main driver of changes in streamflow in the Yangtze River Source Region is climate change. This study shows that the individual impacts are more critical than combined impacts for designing hydraulic structures, water resources planning and management, and decision-making policies at the regional/basin scale.
Comment on Aureli et al. Review of Historical Dam-Break Events and Laboratory Tests on Real Topography for the Validation of Numerical Models. Water 2021, 13, 1968
Authors: AlQasimi Eman , Mahdi Tew-Fik
Published: January 2022

This discussion points out that the available data of the Lake Ha! Ha! Dam failure, classified as useful for models’ validation purposes by Aureli et al. (2021), present serious shortcomings that should move the Lake Ha! Ha! Dam from Aureli et al.’s well-documented test cases to cases with partial or inaccurate datasets.
Optimal Allocation Model for Water Resources Coupled with Ecological Value Factors—A Case Study of Dalian, China
Authors: Zhang Jie , Meng Chong , Hu Shugang , Li Wei
Published: January 2022

The surface water ecosystem has important ecological value and plays an important supporting and guarantee role in the sustainable development of human society. In this study, an inexact two-stage stochastic programming (ITSP) model was developed for supporting water resource allocation for the four main water sectors (industry, municipal, agriculture, and ecological environment). Several scenarios corresponding to different flow patterns, which reflect different probabilities of water resource availability and environmental carrying capacity, were examined. On the basis of traditional water resource allocation, this model adds consideration of ecological value factors, which is conducive to the synergistic efficiency of socio-economic and ecological water consumption. Results revealed that the water resource carrying capacity, ecological value factors, and water environmental capacity are the main factors affecting the optimal allocation of water resources. Furthermore, the optimal allocation scheme for water resources coupled with ecological value factors were determined to realize the coordinated development of social economic benefits and ecological benefits. The current study findings are of great significance for establishing a rational water resource management system for water resource exploitation and utilization. This model can be used to guide various departments in Dalian to formulate an optimal water resources allocation scheme by considering ecological value factors, and provide a basis for realizing the coordinated development of Dalian’s socio-economic development goals, water resource utilization, and environmental quality improvement.
Simulation of Denitrification Process of Calcium Nitrate Combined with Low Oxygen Aeration Based on Double Logarithm Mode
Authors: Wang Fan , Yang Fang , Gao Hongjie , Bai Yangwei , Liao Haiqing , Li Haisheng
Published: January 2022

In situ remediation of sediment pollution is an important measure for the treatment of urban black-odorous water. In this study, the process of calcium nitrate dosing and low oxygen aeration was used to repair the sediment of black-odorous water body in a glass container. The variation trend and removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in sediment and overlying water were investigated during the process. By establishing the double logarithm model of calcium nitrate sediment repair process, the change law of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content in sediment under different calcium nitrate dosing conditions was studied, and the denitrification process of different calcium nitrate dosing and low oxygen aeration was simulated. The results showed that by establishing the double logarithm model of calcium nitrate sediment remediation process, when the dosage of calcium nitrate was 6%, the inhibition rate of calcium nitrate on nitrate nitrogen release was the largest. The stable inhibitory concentration of nitrate nitrogen was 11.65 mg/g, and the stable inhibited concentration of ammonia nitrogen was 382.95 mg/kg. The stable inhibitory concentration of nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in overlying water was 8.34 mg/L and 16.47 mg/L. Moreover, excessive calcium nitrate (8%) may increase the risk of microbial ecological environment in sediment and weaken the inhibitory effect. The optimum parameters were the calcium nitrate dosage of 6%, the reaction time of 21 days, and the aeration rate of 30 mL/min. Under these conditions, the removal effect of ammonia nitrogen in sediment and overlying water was further improved, and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen was effectively controlled. The stable inhibitory content of nitrate nitrogen in sediment was 5.55 mg/g, and the stable inhibitory content of ammonia nitrogen was 982.79 mg/kg. The stable inhibitory concentration of nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in overlying water was 6.55 mg/L and 118.20 mg/L. Based on a simulation, this study provides important technical support for the formulation of a refined endogenous pollution control scheme by controlling the process of calcium nitrate remediation and low oxygen aeration.
Transcriptome Analysis of the Toxic Effects of Amisulbrom and Isoflucypram on Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Larvae
Authors: Xiao Peng , Li Wenhua , Lu Jinfang , Zhang He
Published: January 2022

Fungicides are frequently detected in the water bodies, however, the adverse effects of these fungicides on aquatic lives remain limited. To better understand the adverse effects of amisulbrom (AML) and isoflucypram (ISO) on embryogenesis, zebrafish embryos were exposed to two different fungicides, 0.75 μM amisulbrom (AML) and 2.5 μM isoflucypram (ISO), for 72 h. Transcriptome sequencing was employed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after AML and ISO exposure. A total of 571 and 3471 DEGs were detected between the libraries of the two fungicides-treated groups and the control, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that PPAR signaling pathway, phototransduction, ribosome and p53 signaling pathway were significantly enriched in response to both AML and ISO stress. Moreover, a number of DEGs involved in tyrosine metabolism, phagosome pathway, cell cycle pathway, extracellular matrix (ECM) receptor interaction pathway, and arginine and proline metabolism were specially enriched after exposure to AML; a number of DEGs involved in notch signaling pathway, drug metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, amino-acyl−tRNA biosynthesis, and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum were significantly enriched after exposure to ISO. These results provide novel insights into the toxicological mechanisms underlying fish’s responses to fungicides.
Concepts of culture in the processes of historical continuity and transmission of cultural values of modern civilizations
Authors:   Department of Linguistics and Professional Communication in Foreign Languages, Ural Federal University, Zavyalova Nataliya Alekseevna Nataliya Alekseevna
Published: January 2022

In the processes of historical continuity and the mechanisms of transmission of cultural values of modern civilizations, the concepts of culture and cultural and communicative formulae, which have a universal character, play a significant role. The article discusses this mechanism, while the basis of the analyzed phenomenon is the technique of repetition, manifesting the main semantic clusters for culture and civilization. Cultural and communicative formulae, representing the concepts of culture through cultural codes and standards, are passed down from generation to generation. Together with them, values that are relevant to representatives of civilization are transmitted. The idea that the repetition technique is in the focus of attention of a whole complex of modern sciences seems to be significant. The article is based on considerable material related to the functioning of such linguistic and cultural systems as Russian, Chinese and Anglo-Saxon, which gives it special significance. The material of the article will be useful in the framework of training areas related to the study of the culture of these regions and their languages.
Russian language as a factor of national security
Authors:   Institute for Strategy of Education Development, Russian Academy of Education, Turbovskoy Yakov Semenovich
Published: January 2022

The article examines the already seriously declared position based on the indissolubility of the connection between the Russian language and national security. This formulation of the issue becomes especially relevant in connection with the adoption of the new National Security Strategy approved by the Decree of the President of Russia dated 02.07.2021 No. 400. The very formulation of such a position, undoubtedly, demonstrates the author's civil concern, his desire to convey to the public consciousness the destructive power of many processes taking place in the country, and so destructively affecting the Russian language that it is necessary to raise the issue of state security. In this connection, the author of the article considers the article by A.M. Kushnir, written back in 2004, and shows that many of the author's positions have been accurate, but many require certain comments, which constitute the content of this article.
Mythological approach as a methodological basis for typologizing female images
Authors:   Department of Philosophy, Sociology and Cultural Studies, ANO HE Moscow University for the Humanities, Khloponina Olga Olegovna
Published: January 2022

Russian religious philosophers tried to understand the character and predict the fate of Russia, appealing to divine knowledge, power and saving function of the image of Sophia the Wisdom. In the modern era, the same perception of women and female was interpreted in theoretical works, works of art and life-creation of the bohemian environment of the Silver Age, experiencing eschatological moods and comprehending the fate of Russia and the world as a whole through an appeal, including the one to the ancient myth and the role of the female principle in theory of androgyny. Finally, the construction of the Soviet ideological system was largely based on myth and at all stages included an appeal to female imagery based on archetypal ideas. In the article, the author refers to the concepts of myth and archetype as a methodological basis for classifying female types and defining the symbolic content of female imagery. In addition to the theoretical substantiation of these categories in the mythological direction of cultural studies, the theory of psychoanalysis, we turn to their functional side, which allows identifying and studying the myth in art and culture in its diachronic sense. The author demonstrates that the images of the Mother, the Heroine, and the Fatal Woman, which are clearly indicated in the Russian culture at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, can be most clearly identified within the framework of the mythological approach.
Education and psyche homeostasis tricks
Authors:   Institute for Strategy of Education Development, Russian Academy of Education, Turbovskoy Yakov Semenovich
Published: January 2022

The author shows that homeostasis as a dynamic constancy of the composition and properties of the internal environment and the stability of the basic physiological functions of the body brings each person emotional comfort, a feeling of internal stability, a felt sense of calmness and achieved success. It, like nothing else, expresses as a natural goal the desire of the body to precisely such a state when everything that happens in the body is in a state of harmonious unity and conformity, when there is no need to eliminate anything or to specially concentrate one’s efforts that requires and creates uncomfortable tension. And it is no coincidence that the famous psychologist W. Cannon considered the state of homeostasis to be a manifestation of the "wisdom of the body". Feeling the need to satisfy this or that need, which irresistibly leads to changes, the organism as a whole seeks to maintain or create a homeostatic "status quo", and not to retard development in general, but to keep the onset homeostasis state as long as possible. And it is precisely this stage that is a certain stage of the achieved development that is so necessary for the organism. From these positions, as a specific methodology, the author considers the contradiction between the theories of reproductive and developmental education.
Expansion of images in the media and their analysis: the possibilities of the semiotic method
Authors:   Institute of Fundamental and Applied Research, Moscow University for the Humanities, Makarevich Eduard Fedorovich , Karpukhin Oleg Ivanovich ,   Institute of Fundamental and Applied Research, Moscow University for the Humanities
Published: January 2022

The development of the culture of mass communications opened up the possibilities of semiotics for creating, constructing an image, for analyzing existing, current images. Today it is possible to speak about the technology of analysis and construction of images. Communications architects regard semiotics as the science of signs, their creation, perception, a science that can enhance the very influence of mass communications. The authors show how semiotics was able to attract them. First of all, it is due to understanding that any object, event, concept, any entity has its own image, which is also a sign. “And a sign appeared to me” - an expression from the biblical parable. According to F. de Saussure, one of the founders of semiotics, this science stands on the unity and interaction of an object and a sign corresponding to it; an object as a signified (a certain verbal essence, a certain object, a concept) and a sign, expressed in a certain form, as a signifier. The article analyzes the signs of social reality and the method itself of such an analysis, including the selection of an object, a subject, a plan of content and a plan of expression, the meaning of a sign-image, etc. The article can be useful in methodological terms to all those who are engaged in both the theory of language and semiotics and those working and studying in the field of public relations and mass communications. English version of the article is available at URL:https://panor.ru/articles/expansion-of-images-in-the-media-and-their-analysis-the-possibilities-of-the-semiotic-method/76863.html
Participation in nature and the human world as the basis of concepts within the framework of the socio-cultural space of China. Concepts "Water" and "Sky"
Authors:   Department of Linguistics and Professional Communication in Foreign Languages, Ural Federal University, Zavyalova Nataliya Alekseevna
Published: January 2022

Chinese cultural concepts containing participation in the natural world are distributed as follows. Concept "Nature" — 2 CCF. Concept "Peace" — 3 CCF. Concept "Earth" — 13 CCF. Concept "Water Resources" — 24 CCF. Concept "Sky" - 25 CCF. Concept "Void, hole" — 7 CCF. Concept "Mountains" — 15 CCF. Concept "Precious stones" — 6 CCF. Concept "Sides of the World" —5 CCF. Concept "Way" - 7 CCF. Concept "Color" — 23 CCF. Concept "Shadow" - 5 CCF. Concept “Time. Change of day and night" — 7 CCF. Concept "Seasons" — 8 CCF. Concept "Temperature" — 7 CCF. Concept "Wind" — 29 CCF. Concept "Sound" — 2 CCF. Concept "Fire" — 9 CCF. Concept "Plants" — 35 CCF. Concept "Animals" — 65 CCF. Concept "Birds" — 17 CCF. Concept "Insects, fish, reptiles" — 14 CCF. Large numerical indicators of the concepts "Water resources", "Earth", "Sky", "Color", "Animals" and "Insects, fish, reptiles" are formed by the principle of adding several smaller sub-concepts at once (varieties of water resources, varieties of celestial bodies, various color shades, species of animals, plants, fish and reptiles).
Clinical outcomes of locking polymeric clip for laparoscopic appendectomy in patients with appendicitis: a retrospective comparison with loop ligature
Authors: Kim Seokwon , Jeon Byong Ho , Cho Sang Sik , Shin Ui Sup , Moon Sun Mi
Published: January 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) according to the method of appendiceal stump closure.Methods: Patients who underwent LA for appendicitis between 2010 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were classified into locking polymeric clip (LPC) and loop ligature (LL) groups. Clinical outcomes were compared between the groups.Results: LPC and LL were used in 188 (56.6%) and 144 patients (43.4%), respectively for appendiceal stump closure. No significant differences were observed in sex, age, comorbidities, and the severity of appendicitis between the groups. The median operative time was shorter in the LPC group than in the LL group (64.5 minutes vs. 71.5 minutes, P=0.027). The median hospital stay was longer in the LL group than in the LPC group (4 days vs. 3 days, P=0.020). Postoperative incidences of intraabdominal abscess and ileus were higher in the LL group than in the LPC group (4.2% vs. 1.1%, P=0.082 and 2.8% vs. 0%, P=0.035; respectively). The readmission rate was higher in the LL group than that in the LPC group (6.3% vs. 1.1%, P=0.012).Conclusion: Using LPC for appendiceal stump closure during LA for appendicitis was associated with lower postoperative complication rate, shorter operative time, and shorter hospital stay compared to the use of LL. Operative time above 60 minutes and the use of LL were identified as independent risk factors for postoperative complications in LA. Therefore, LPC could be considered a more favorable closure method than LL during LA for appendicitis.
FORMATION OF RENOVATION PROCESSES OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN RUSSIAN CITIES
Authors: Koren'kova G. , Mityakina N. , Belikh T. , Dorokhova E.
Published: January 2022

The renovation of the housing stock in large and small cities of Russia is formed due to the deterioration of the physical and moral condition of residential buildings of the last century. The main tasks of the study are to expand knowledge about the historical prerequisites of the origin of renovation processes, to form an evidence base for the effectiveness of the integrated development of territories that meet modern requirements for the urban environment (using the example of the Belgorod city). Russian and historical experience of renovation of residential buildings of European and Asian states are considered on the example of Moscow. The specifics of measures ensuring the comprehensive development of the depressed territories of Moscow are indicated. Legislative documents promoting the development of housing construction in the second half of the 20th century and modern legislation on the All-Russian renovation of residential buildings have been studied. Prospects of renovation processes implementation in Belgorod are considered. Organizational and technical aspects of the complex development of the residential space of the regional center have been determined. The first steps of renovation processes in the part of residential development are evaluated. Examples of the implementation of the development of built-up areas of the city are given, available scenarios for the renewal of residential areas are outlined. The physical and moral condition of medium-rise houses of the first mass series is analyzed. Possible measures for the reconstruction of the housing stock of the development of the 60s of the last century have been identified. Options for development of renovation processes of residential development are presented.
Panorama des principaux dangers biologiques et assimilés d’origine alimentaire
Authors: Guignard Alain
Published: January 2022

L’article dresse un panorama actualisé des principaux dangers d’origine alimentaire. L’accent est mis sur les dangers d’origine bactérienne, au regard de leur importance soulignée par les données de surveillance relatives aux toxi-infections alimentaires collectives. Il propose une représentation schématique des composants de la flore mésophile, ainsi qu’un guide d’interprétation des résultats d’analyses microbiologiques dans le cadre des autocontrôles et des TIAC. Les autres dangers sont présentés : histamine, virus, champignons et leurs toxines, parasites, phycotoxines et biotoxines marines, ESB, allergènes d’origine alimentaires, contaminants chimiques, agents responsables de syndromes collectifs inexpliqués. L’auteur illustre sa présentation par des témoignages issus de son expérience de terrain. Mots-Clés : toxi-infection alimentaires collectives, sécurité sanitaire des aliments, contaminants microbiologiques et chimiques
Surveillance des agents pathogènes d’origine virale, bactérienne et parasitaire chez des bovins importés au Gabon pour la consommation. Une étude en abattoir
Authors: Maganga Gaël Darren , Ndong Mebaley Telstar Ghestin , Goussingou Mackayat Jeanaïne , Moubamba Mbina Dieudonné
Published: January 2022

Le Gabon est un pays exclusivement importateur de bétail destiné à la consommation. L’introduction et les mouvements d’animaux sur le territoire ne font pas l’objet d’un contrôle rigoureux, l’exposant ainsi au risque d’introduction des maladies animales transfrontalières. L’objectif de cette étude est de rechercher et d’identifier les agents pathogènes d’origine virale, bactérienne et parasitaire chez des bovins importés et abattus au niveau du principal abattoir du pays, à Libreville. A partir d’organes et de sang prélevés post-mortem sur 125 zébus mâles, nous avons identifié des flavivirus de moustiques et un flavivirus génétiquement proche (plus de 97% d’identité nucléotidique) du virus du Nil occidental, chez un zébu Goudali. L’analyse phylogénétique révélait que cette souche virale groupait avec des souches de la lignée 2. Aussi, Babesia sp. a été identifiée chez 5 autres zébus Goudali. Des études et analyses complémentaires devraient être réalisées pour mieux caractériser les agents pathogènes hébergés par ces animaux. Mots clés : abattoir, bovins, surveillance, maladies animales transfrontalières, Virus du Nil occidental, Babesia sp.
Des réformes structurelles sont indispensables à l’engagement dans la politique « Une seule Santé » en France
Authors: Vanelle Anne-Marie , Parodi André , Sai PIerre
Published: January 2022

Mots-Clés : enseignement, médecin, vétérinaire, réforme, une seule santé
L’indemnisation du non-respect des clauses compromissoires
Authors: Goldbeck Andreas von
Published: January 2022

À la suite de la décision de la Cour de Justice rendue dans l’affaire West Tankers,

les tribunaux arbitraux et les juridictions nationales devraient pouvoir librement recourir à l’octroi de dommages-intérêts en cas de non-respect des clauses compromissoires. Les dommages-intérêts contractuels servent à replacer la partie ayant subi un préjudice dans la position qui aurait été la sienne si le contrat avait été respecté. En conséquence, les dommages-intérêts consécutifs au non-respect d’une clause compromissoire ne devraient pas seulement être octroyés pour compenser les frais engagés par la «partie innocente » 1

pour l’étude du dossier et pour assurer sa défense contre les demandes faites devant la juridiction non prévue au contrat ; mais devraient également inclure toutes les pertes consécutives à une décision au fond. Par comparaison avec les injonctions anti-poursuites (anti-suit injunction), une demande de dommages-intérêts est moins efficace pour lutter contre le problème des procédures parallèles. Alors qu’une injonction anti-poursuites a pour effet d’interrompre les procédures contraires à l’accord des parties, une demande de dommages-intérêts règle le problème a posteriori. Cependant, c’est probablement en raison de cette moindre efficacité qu’une demande de dommages-intérêts est compatible avec le droit européen – elle ne contrevient pas au principe de compétence-compétence reconnu aux juridictions nationales des États membres.
L’adoption non consentie par les parents biologiques : une approche comparative
Authors: Kessler Guillaume
Published: January 2022

Si la plupart des États connaissent des mécanismes visant à permettre qu’une adoption puisse être prononcée malgré l’absence de consentement des parents biologiques, dès lors que ceux-ci ont failli à leurs obligations, certains systèmes sont cependant plus efficaces que d’autres. Cette étude a pour objet de proposer, à partir d’exemples législatifs et jurisprudentiels étrangers, et à la lumière de la doctrine internationale, la construction en France d’un système centré sur l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant qui consisterait à fusionner les mécanismes de protection de l’enfant face aux carences parentales en deux grandes procédures : une procédure d’anéantissement des droits parentaux, qui conduirait à rendre l’enfant adoptable en cas de violences, d’abus, ou de défaillance irréversible et une procédure d’accompagnement ou d’aide dans le cas où le parent concerné démontre sa capacité à surmonter ses difficultés et sa volonté de maintenir l’unité familiale.
La restitution des biens culturels
Authors: Maniatis Antoine
Published: January 2022

Depuis l’ouverture des frontières au 1er janvier 1993, la circulation d’oeuvres d’art d’un pays communautaire à l’autre est devenue plus aisée et, par conséquent, le contrôle plus compliqué. L’Union européenne s’est dotée d’un dispositif spécifique, la directive 93/ 7 CEE du 15 mars 1993 du Conseil des Communautés européennes, relative à la restitution des biens culturels ayant quitté illicitement le territoire d’un État membre. Néanmoins, divers pays communautaires préféraient d’autres mécanismes de restitution, tels que ceux de la Convention de l’UNESCO de 1970 et de la Convention UNIDROIT. À l’occasion des modifications apportées à la directive 93/ 7/ CEE, il convenait, dans un souci de clarté, de procéder à la refonte de ladite directive, chose qui a été faite dans la directive 2014/ 60/ UE. La lutte contre le pillage des biens culturels, notamment des antiquités, semble être facilitée par la directive transposée.
Pragmatisme juridique et rôle de la Constitution en Chine post-Mao
Authors: Li-Kotovtchikhine Xiao-Ying
Published: January 2022

Le rôle de la Constitution en Chine post-Mao reflète le pragmatisme juridique, qui est caractérisé par une vision instrumentale du droit. Ainsi, la Constitution n’a qu’une autorité «relative » dans la pratique, alors que la Constitution de 1982 prévoit qu’elle a «une force juridique suprême » . D’une part, les violations de la Constitution ne sont pas rares. Dans certains cas, elles ont été même qualifiées de «bonnes violations » parce que les pratiques ou les textes normatifs incriminés étaient favorables au développement économique. D’autre part, les droits fondamentaux du citoyen prévus par la Constitution sont souvent ineffectifs. En effet, d’importantes restrictions leurs sont apportées par des lois ou règlements afin d’assurer le maintien de la stabilité, tandis que le juge ne peut pas appliquer la Constitution pour sanctionner des atteintes à de tels droits. Quant à la question de contrôle de constitutionnalité, le système actuel de supervision constitutionnelle, qui peut être effectuée par l’APN ou son CNP, s’avère inefficace. Dans ce contexte, une question cruciale se pose : est-il possible de garantir la «force juridique suprême » de la Constitution alors que celle-ci est avant tout un outil au service du maintien de la direction du PCC ?
La langue du procès pénal : Réflexion sur le droit subjectif à un interprète
Authors: Ngnintedem Jean-claude
Published: January 2022

La question du rapport entre le droit et la langue est un élément fondamental dans toute construction juridique car le droit ne peut s’énoncer que dans une langue. La langue est donc le moyen d’expression et de transmission du droit. Or le progrès et la modernité font de plus en plus du droit un instrument de l’universalité dans un monde traversé par un multiculturalisme impliquant une diversité linguistique. Et pourtant, il faut pouvoir communiquer non seulement avec ceux qui parlent la même langue, mais aussi avec ceux qui parlent des langues différentes. Au niveau interne des États, la difficulté a été résolue par le recours à la notion de langue officielle, qui de fait renvoie à la langue de travail. Pourtant, cette langue n’est pas forcement celle que se partagent les usagers du service public notamment de la justice alors qu’ils doivent nécessairement dialoguer au cours de la procédure. Plus que les autres branches du droit, le droit pénal, enveloppé par le voile de la protection des droits de l’homme, est particulièrement porteur de cette problématique dont la solution implique non seulement le recours à la traduction, mais la reconnaissance d’un droit, au demeurant subjectif, à la traduction.
La réforme du Code de procédure civile du Québec : une nouvelle culture de l’exécution ?
Authors: Laher Rudy
Published: January 2022

Avec le nouveau Code de procédure civile entré en vigueur le 1er janvier 2016, le législateur québécois entend favoriser l’éclosion d’une nouvelle culture judiciaire dans toute la communauté juridique et dans l’intérêt des justiciables. L’objectif est de mettre en place une procédure moins coûteuse et plus efficace, moins complexe et plus humaine. Concernant l’exécution des jugements, cela se traduit par la responsabilisation des parties, le renforcement du rôle de l’huissier de justice, la modernisation de certaines saisies ou encore la consécration de véritables principes directeurs de l’exécution. Surtout, sur un plan plus théorique, la nouvelle législation favorise, par les nombreux arbitrages qu’elle opère, le renforcement d’une culture de l’exécution hybride et de plus en plus détachée de ses deux modèles historiques traditionnels, français et anglais.
La protection du logement familial pendant le mariage et lors de la crise conjugale à l’épreuve de la définition des régimes matrimoniaux dans le règlement 2016/1103
Authors: Barreda Naiví Chikoc
Published: January 2022

Provisions for the protection of the family home during the marriage and following the breakdown of the marital union face multiple choice of law rules. These provisions have a direct impact on the personal and property relations between spouses and with respect to third parties ; and most particularly, on the children’s interest. In the event of a breakdown of the marital relationship, the concept of family home does not disappear. The issue is governed by special rules that apply in the context of divorce or separation in order to preserve the family home that constitutes the essential support for the continuity of the living conditions of the spouse and the children. In addition to the difficulties of characterization in Private International Law, there is the variety of the substantial rules concerning the protection of the family home in Europe. The European Regulation on matrimonial property regimes refers to the " protection of the family home" under the exception of overriding mandatory provisions that can depart from the harmonized conflict rules. We will review the notion of " protection of the family home" in light of the definition of matrimonial property regimes proposed in Article 3.1 (a) and completed by recital 18 of the Regulation (EU) 2016/ 1103.
Comparaison internationale des législations de l’obligation naturelle à l’occasion du projet de nouveau Code civil belge
Authors: Bellis Kouroch
Published: January 2022

Le deuxième article de l’avant-projet de droit des obligations belge est consacré à l’obligation naturelle. La définition de l’obligation naturelle proposée pose problème. En réalité, l’obligation purement naturelle est une obligation de justice, que le droit positif ne reconnait pas de manière absolue, mais laisse à son débiteur naturel la faculté de la reconnaître pour lui-même à partir de sa conscience individuelle. Quant au régime, l’avantprojet propose de codifier le mécanisme qui est la spécificité du droit belge parmi les droits actuellement en vigueur : la reconnaissance. L’utilisation du concept en la matière est extrêmement judicieuse, mais le droit belge gagnerait à lui accorder une place encore plus importante. En effet, le mécanisme de l’absence de restitution de l’obligation naturelle volontairement payée s’explique lui aussi par le concept de reconnaissance. C’est une idée ancienne que l’on retrouve au cours de l’histoire. Par conséquent, une nouvelle rédaction de l’article relatif à l’obligation naturelle est proposée.
Le juge anglais et les « contrats spéciaux ». Perspective de droit comparé
Authors: Salvat Odile
Published: January 2022

Si la common law anglaise ne comporte pas de droit des contrats spéciaux, tel qu’il existe dans notre Code civil, certains rapports contractuels ont fait l’objet de règles spécifiques. Un arrêt rendu, en 2016, par la Cour suprême du Royaume-Uni, où l’enjeu de la qualification était décisif, invite à une réflexion sur la manière dont les juges anglais procèdent quand ils sont ainsi confrontés à la nécessité de déterminer la nature d’une convention et comment ils envisagent, le cas échéant, le régime de contrats considérés comme étant sui generis.
Assessment of fish oil to check the stability and meat quality of some commercially available tin packed fish in Islamabad, Pakistan
Authors: Nasir Iqra , Bano Bilqees , Sikandar Ayesha , Zubair Anjum Muhammad , Altaf Arooj
Published: January 2022

Fish contains all the essential nutrients which is important for human health so it is important to analyse all the nutrients present in tin packed fish meat. Keeping in view its importance present study is conducted on the assessment of fish oil to check the stability and quality of fish meat by proximate analysis of commercially available tin packed fish. Four tin packed fish species i.e., Sardine (Sardinella longiceps), Red salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), Pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) were collected from different supermarkets of Islamabad, Pakistan. Proximate analysis viz., crude protein, crude fat, moisture and ash contents of the fish meat has been done to evaluate the meat quality. The antioxidant activity in oil was also analysed by FRAP assay. The result indicated that maximum percentage of moisture i.e., 78.61% present in Skipjack Tuna meat, Pink Salmon contain highest percentage of crude protein i.e., 70.00%, Red Salmon contain highest percentage of crude fat i.e., 30.00% while Sardine and Skipjack Tuna contains highest percentage of ash contents i.e., 8.00% and the total antioxidant capacity (uM) is higher in oil of Red Salmon (24.35%) followed by Sardines (14.78%), Skipjack Tuna (9.86%) and Pink Salmon (9.48%). It was concluded that the fish meat after thermal processing contains suitable percentage of crude protein, crude fats, and moisture and ash contents.

Keywords: Proximate analysis, Antioxidant, Crude protein, Crude fat, Tin packed fish meat.
Human Gut MicroBiota in Transferring the Blues: A Review
Authors: Zia Khola , Naveed Urooba , Khan Ibrar , Hayat Azam , -Ur-Rehman Mujadda , tul Muntaha Sidra
Published: January 2022

For more than 2000 years, Hippocrates' notion that has been true that "the beginning of every disease is at the gut", microbiology, neurology, and gastroenterology have all progressed with every clock's tick and noteworthy success in contemporary medicine is seen and made in their trajectory and relationships .Gut microbial flora has lately been discovered to have a have an important effect on physiology, that also includes gut brain Organization, and behaviour. Human beings live in a microbial environment, coevolving with the microbiota-a huge amount of bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses that live within their bodies, particularly in the intestines. Microorganisms' roles in forming the intestinal flora might be classified as beneficial, harmful, or neutral to the host. The impact that of the gut microbiota on the immune system, brain development, and behaviour has come under the radar recently. In the previous five years, PubMed has published over 90% of the more than 4,000 articles on microbiota. The potential of the enteric microbiota and its metabolites to regulate gut permeability, mucosal immune function, intestinal motility and sensitivity, as well as the activity of the enteric nervous system, modulates gastrointestinal (GI) functions (ENS). Dysbiosis (alteration of the gut microbiota) occurs as a result of gastrointestinal disease or its treatment. Dybiosis is linked to all major gut illnesses, including inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and celiac disease. The purpose this review serves is to explain the pathophysiological mechanisms of the gut-brain axis, as well as the gut microbiota's potential impact on depression. It will also cover current advances in specific processes of gut microbiota-brain interaction, keeping in mind the impact of psychological stress.
Evaluation of different fungicides against stalk rot of Maize caused by Fusarium moniliforme
Authors: Mithal Jiskani Absar , Ahmed Nizamani Zubair , Ali Abro Manzoor , Hussain Wagan Khadim , Mustafa Nizamani Ghulam , Hussain Mirza , Ali Nahiyoon Riaz
Published: January 2022

Maize is the world's leading crop and is widely cultivated as a cereal grain, it is the only food cereal crop that can be grown in diverse seasons, ecologies and uses. Maize yields in Pakistan are very poor due to insect pests and diseases. Among them, the stalk rot of maize caused by Fusarium moniliforme is very important. Keeping in view the huge losses caused by the disease, the present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of selected fungicides against the disease development under field conditions and on the plant growth and yield parameters. A total of six fungicides were used such as Scoure, Plyrem, Topguard, Ridomil, Fenatac M, and Cobox with three different concentrations i.e., (50, 100 and 200 ppm). The effect on disease incidence, growth and yield parameters such as plant height, root length, root weight, leaf weight per plant, grain weight, and biological yield (t acre-1) were recorded. The results showed that all applied fungicides significantly affect against stalk rot of maize caused by F. moniliforme. The maximum plant height, root length, root weight, leaf weight per plant, grain weight and biological yield (t acre-1) was noted under Ridomil and Scoure fungicides, followed by Topguard, Cobox, Plyrem and Fenatac M. Whereas, the minimum plant height, root length, root weight, leaf weight per plant, grain weight, and biological yield (t acre-1) was observed under control plants where no fungicides were applied.

Keywords: Fungicide, Evaluation, Fusarium moniliforme, Maize, Stalk rot.
Efficient Network Traffic Classification and Visualizing Abnormal Part Via Hybrid Deep Learning Approach : Xception + Bidirectional GRU
Authors: Joo HanSeon , Choi HaYoung , Yun ChangHui , Cheon MinJong
Published: January 2022

Due to a rapid development in the field of information and communication, the information technologies yielded novel changes in both individual and organizational operations. Therefore, the accessibility of information became easier and more convenient than before, and malicious approaches such as hacking or spying aimed at various information kept increasing. With the aim of preventing malicious approaches, both classification and detecting malicious traffic are vital. Therefore, our research utilized various deep learning and machine learning models for better classification. The given dataset consists of normal and malicious data and these data types are png files. In order to achieve precise classification, our experiment consists of three steps. Firstly, only vanilla CNN was used for the classification and the highest score was 86.2%. Second of all, for the hybrid approach, the machine learning classifiers were used instead of fully connected layers from the vanilla CNN and it yielded about 87% with the extra tree classifier.At last, the Xception model was combined with the bidirectional GRU and it attained a 95.6% accuracy score, which was the highest among all.
A Theoretical Study on Leverage and Spillover Effects in Indian Equity ETFs
Authors: Sabu Marvin , Bhat Rajani B
Published: January 2022

Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) are innovative financial instrument as it is well-diversified like a mutual fund and listed in a stock exchange. Since the launch of the first ETF (Nifty BeES ETF) in 2001, the Indian ETF market has seen growth in the number of ETF schemes and Asset Under Management (AUM). This study is an overview of previous studies on spillover and leverage effects in the Indian Equity ETF market and related works to tap the research gap in these twin areas. The study found a need for a rigorous evaluation of the strength and nature of leverage effect among different Broader Index ETFs, Sectoral/thematic ETFs and World ETFs in India. The study also identified a research gap for the conduct of a study on the spillover of mean, volatility, risk between Equity ETFs and its benchmark index, and the speed of spillover effect would be immensely useful for investors and other stakeholders in the Indian Equity ETF market.
A Study of Customer Relationship Management and Customer Preferences in Apparels with Special Reference to Chennai Retail Stores
Authors: Ezilarasi S , Kavitha M
Published: January 2022

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is a comprehensive approach to developing, sustaining, and expanding customer relationships. Customer relationships, on the other hand, are not widely considered in the businesses of small street vendors. The customer relationship management adoption process in small businesses and the goal of this paper is to expand knowledge and provide a better understanding of the CRM adoption process through an empirical study in Chennai and also particularly bring out the most effective practice that influences customers shopping decision. The Indian apparel retail sector is booming, leading to intense competition. The companies are tailoring CRM initiatives to increase their customer base. The customer’s role is crucial in maintaining long term profitable relationships with the customers. This research attempts to study various touchpoints related to apparel retailing. The study aims at establishing the importance of customer touchpoints in CRM.
The Description of Types of Faking Based on Tenure and Frequency of Interview Experience
Authors: Akmal Mukhaira El , Atrizka Diny
Published: January 2022

This research is aimed to describe the faking behaviour mostly committed by applicants, both fresh graduates and working experienced ones, during their selection interview process. This study was participated by 258 subjects following the interview section with the criteria as follow: (1) those being selected at the companies in Medan City (2) Both fresh graduates who had never been interviewed and the working experienced ones :(3) Willingness to participate in the research. The samples were taken accidentally and then provided with the Likert scale of faking developed by Levashina. The raw data were analysed with the descriptive statistic, table of frequency distribution and of crosstab to display the description of faking types from both subject categories, The result illustrated that 162 respondents, 62%, mostly applied Image Protection (IP) as their faking mechanism and it was followed with 55 or 21%, with Extensive Image Protection. Integration was committed by 20 interviewers (8%) which was slightly different from the total of the those using Slight Image Creation (SIC) which was as much as 21 subjects (8%). Aside from that, the fresh graduates and the interviewee with interview experiences have the highest percentage for each type of faking, as many as 1-3 times.