bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Rod Fracture at the Lumbosacral Junction Following Surgery for Adult Spinal Deformity
Authors: Sakuma Tsuyoshi , Kotani Toshiaki , Iijima Yasushi , Akazawa Tsutomu , Ohtori Seiji , Minami Shohei
Published: February 2024

Study Design: Retrospective study.Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the differences in the characteristics of patients with rod fracture (RF) at the lumbosacral junction from those without RF following adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery.Overview of Literature: RF is a major complication following ASD surgery and may require reoperation because of pain and correction loss. The lumbosacral junction is a common RF site. However, risk factors for RFs at the lumbosacral junction remain unknown.Methods: The study included data from 100 patients who underwent ASD surgery between 2012 and 2020. Fifteen of these patients presented with RFs. Patient demographics, clinical outcomes, and radiographic parameters were evaluated in each group.Results: RFs were significantly more frequent in patients with a medical history of total hip arthroplasty (THA; p=0.01) or severe obesity (p=0.04). However, no significant differences in clinical outcomes, preoperative or postoperative measurements, or changes were found between pre- and postoperative radiographic parameters within the groups. Both pre- (p=0.01) and postoperative (p=0.02) anterior disc heights were significantly greater in the RF group than in the non-RF group. In the RF group, the postoperative lordotic angles of the lumbosacral junction significantly decreased compared with preoperative angles (p=0.02). Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that a THA history (odds ratio, 34.2), severe obesity (odds ratio, 14.0), and preoperative anterior disc height (odds ratio, 1.2) were significant risk factors for RFs.Conclusions: In this study, the greatest risk factors for postoperative lumbosacral RF after ASD surgery were THA history, severe obesity, and postoperative anterior disc height of ≥10. For patients at higher risk, the use of multirods is considered necessary.
Surgical Outcomes of Full Endoscopic Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy for Proximal Cervical Spondylotic Amyotrophy
Authors: Lee Deokcheol , Ohmori Kazuo , Yoneyama Reiko , Endo Takuro , Endo Yasuhiro
Published: February 2024

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of case series.Purpose: This study aimed to clarify the effects of full endoscopic posterior cervical foraminotomy (FPCF) on cervical spondylotic amyotrophy (CSA).Overview of Literature: The method for decompressing the ventral nerve root and anterior horn (AH) in CSA is controversial.Methods: Patients without myelopathy who underwent FPCF for proximal CSA between 2017 and 2022 were analyzed. The outcome measure was the results of the manual muscle testing (MMT) of the deltoid and biceps. Preoperative nerve root and AH compression were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging. The intervertebral foramen morphology and bony decompression extent were evaluated by computed tomography.Results: FPCF was performed at the C4/5 level and at the C4/5 and C5/6 levels in 14 and 11 patients, respectively. The width of the narrowest intervertebral foramen was significantly narrower on the affected side than on the healthy side at the C4/5 (2.5 mm vs. 3.6 mm) and operated C5/6 (1.9 mm vs. 3.1 mm) levels. AH compression occurred at the C4/5 and C5/6 levels in 28% and 21% of the patients, respectively. Bony decompression was performed laterally beyond the narrowest foramen at the C4/5 and C5/6 levels in 96% and 91% of the patients, respectively. Compared with patients without AH compression, in those with AH compression, the lamina was resected medially by an average of >1.7 mm and >3.6 mm at the C4/5 and C5/6 levels, respectively. Furthermore, 76% and 81% of the facet joint surfaces were preserved at the C4/5 and C5/6 levels, respectively. Postoperative MMT grade improvement was excellent, good, and fair in 64%, 20%, and 16% of the patients, respectively.Conclusions: FPCF was effective for treating proximal CSA.
Comparison of the Fixation Strengths of Screws between the Traditional Trajectory and the Single and Double Endplate Penetrating Screw Trajectories Using Osteoporotic Vertebral Body Models Based on the Finite Element Method
Authors: Takeuchi Takumi , Takamizawa Yuhei , Konishi Kazumasa , Sano Hideto , Takahashi Masahito , Kouno Hitoshi , Hosogane Naobumi
Published: February 2024

Study Design: This is a finite element (FE) study.Purpose: To compare the fixation strength of traditional trajectory (TT) and single and double endplate penetrating screw trajectories (SEPST/DEPST) to the osteoporotic vertebral body model based on the FE method.Overview of Literature: SEPST/DEPST have been developed to enhance the fixation strength in patients with diffuse idiopathic hyperostosis (DISH). This technique was also applied to patients with osteoporosis. However, determining the superiority of SEPST/ DEPST is difficult because of the heterogeneous patient backgrounds.Methods: Twenty vertebrae (T12 and L1) from 10 patients with osteoporosis (two males and eight females; mean age, 74.7 years) were obtained to create the 10 FE models. First, a single screw was placed with TT and SEPST/DEPST, and the fixation strength was compared by axial pullout strength (POS) and multidirectional loading tests. Second, two screws were placed on the bilateral pedicles with TT and SEPST/DEPST, and the fixation force of the vertebrae in the constructs in flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and axial rotation was examined.Results: SEPST and DEPST had 140% and 171% higher POS values than TT, respectively, and the DEPST result was statistically significant (p =0.007). The multidirectional fixation strength was significantly higher in DEPST and SEPST than in TT in the cranial, caudal, and medial directions (p <0.05) but not in the lateral direction (p =0.05). The vertebral fracture strength at the lower instrumented vertebra of the DEPST tended to be higher than that of TT. The vertebral motion angles in SEPST and DEPST were significantly smaller in lateral bending (p =0.02) and tended to be smaller in flexion and extension than in TT (p =0.13).Conclusions: This study may provide useful information for spine surgeons in deciding whether to choose the SEPS or DEPS technique for augmenting fixation in osteoporotic vertebral fracture surgery.
NARRATIVES IN MOTION
Authors: Trindade Luís
Published: February 2024

Interwar Portugal was in many ways a microcosm of Europe’s encounter with modernity: reshaped by industrialization, urban growth, and the antagonism between liberalism and authoritarianism, it also witnessed new forms of media and mass culture that transformed daily life. This fascinating study of newspapers in 1920s Portugal explores how the new “modernist reportage” embodied the spirit of the era while mediating some of its most spectacular episodes, from political upheavals to lurid crimes of passion. In the process, Luís Trindade illuminates the twofold nature of that journalism—both historical account and material object, it epitomized a distinctly modern entanglement of narrative and event.
WORLD HERITAGE CRAZE IN CHINA
Authors: Yan Haiming
Published: February 2024

There is a World Heritage Craze in China. China claims to have the longest continuous civilization in the world and is seeking recognition from UNESCO. This book explores three dimensions of the UNESCO World Heritage initiative with particular relevance for China: the universal agenda, the national practices, and the local responses. With a sociological lens, this book offers comprehensive insights into World Heritage, as well as China’s deep social, cultural, and political structures.
EMPATHY AND HISTORY
Authors: Retz Retz
Published: February 2024

Empathy and History offers a comprehensive and dual account of empathy’s intellectual and educational history. Beginning in an influential educational movement that implanted the concept in R.G. Collingwood’s re-enactment doctrine, the book goes back to reveal the fundamental role that empathy played in the foundation of the history discipline before tracing its reception and development in twentieth-century hermeneutics and philosophy of history. Attentive to matters of practice, it illuminates the distinct character of the historical context that empathetic understanding seeks to capture and sets out a new approach to empathy as a special variety of historical questioning.
CINEMA OF COLLABORATION
Authors: Ivanova Mariana
Published: February 2024

From their very inception, European cinemas undertook collaborative ventures in an attempt to cultivate a transnational “Film-Europe.” In the postwar era, it was DEFA, the state cinema of East Germany, that emerged as a key site for cooperative practices. Despite the significant challenges that the Cold War created for collaboration, DEFA sought international prestige through various initiatives. These ranged from film exchange in occupied Germany to partnerships with Western producers, and from coproductions with Eastern European studios to strategies for film co-authorship. Uniquely positioned between East and West, DEFA proved a crucial mediator among European cinemas during a period of profound political division.
DON'T NEED NO THOUGHT CONTROL
Authors: Horten Gerd
Published: February 2024

The fall of the Berlin Wall is typically understood as the culmination of political-economic trends that fatally weakened the East German state. Meanwhile, comparatively little attention has been paid to the cultural dimension of these dramatic events, particularly the role played by Western mass media and consumer culture. With a focus on the 1970s and 1980s, Don’t Need No Thought Control explores the dynamic interplay of popular unrest, intensifying economic crises, and cultural policies under Erich Honecker. It shows how the widespread influence of (and public demands for) Western cultural products forced GDR leaders into a series of grudging accommodations that undermined state power to a hitherto underappreciated extent.
HOMO ITINERANS
Authors: Monsutti Alessandro
Published: February 2024

Afghan society has been marked in a lasting way by war and the exodus of part of its population. While many have emigrated to countries across the world, they have been matched by the flow of experts who arrive in Afghanistan after having been in other war-torn countries such as the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Palestine or East Timor. This book builds on more than two decades of ethnographic travels in some twenty countries, bringing the readers from Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iran to Europe, North America and Australia. It describes the everyday life and transnational circulations of Afghan refugees and expatriates.
SOUTH AFRICA'S DREAMS
Authors: Gordon Robert J.
Published: February 2024

In the early sixties, South Africa’s colonial policies in Namibia served as a testing ground for many key features of its repressive ‘Grand Apartheid’ infrastructure, including strategies for countering anti-apartheid resistance. Exposing the role that anthropologists played, this book analyses how the knowledge used to justify and implement apartheid was created. Understanding these practices and the ways in which South Africa’s experiences in Namibia influenced later policy at home is also critically evaluated, as is the matter of adjudicating the many South African anthropologists who supported the regime.
HOW IS A MAN SUPPOSED TO BE A MAN?
Authors: Hadley Robin A.
Published: February 2024

The global trend of declining fertility rates and an increasingly ageing population has serious implications for individuals and institutions alike. Childless men are mostly excluded from ageing, social science and reproduction scholarship and almost completely absent from most national statistics. This unique book examines the lived experiences of a hidden and disenfranchised population: men who wanted to be fathers. It explores the complex intersections that influence childlessness over the life course.
JOHN F. KENNEDY’S HIDDEN DIARY, EUROPE 1937
Authors: Kennedy John F. , Billings Kirk LeMoyne
Published: February 2024

Presenting the 1937 diaries of John F. Kennedy’s tour of Europe, this volume offers insights into his early experiences on a continent under the shadow of Nazism. In 1937, while still a student, John F. Kennedy undertook a grand tour of Europe with his close friend and traveling companion, Lem Billings. On this journey he began to keep a diary, which is reproduced here in full and provides an unadulterated account of his thoughts and feelings. Superficially, it presents a picture of two young men enjoying their summer, sightseeing, going to the movies, bars and night clubs; but behind this we find, in Kennedy’s political observations and encounters, the looming shadow of Nazism. In retrospect there are blind spots and misjudgments, but also insights of great topicality, for example on populism, and propaganda and its potent effects. On this trip and during his later travels in Germany, Kennedy engaged with the crucial questions of his later presidency: How does a dictatorship work? How is an alternative concept of society to be countered? And how can an impending war be averted? Kennedy’s European and Russian policies and also his famous Berlin speech of 1963 (“Ich bin ein Berliner”) are to be understood against this background. In addition to numerous archive photographs, this volume contains Kennedy’s complete diary of his 1937 trip to Europe and, as a counterpart, the “Scrapbook” of Lem Billings who documented it from his perspective.
THE FAMILIAL OCCULT
Authors: Coțofană Alexandra
Published: February 2024

The Familial Occult addresses the presence of occult experiences in some scholars' families and how that has affected their epistemological and ontological worlds, as well as their identities as scholars. Those with backgrounds in the familial occult often experience a series of conflicting relationships and different ways of interacting with binaries such as the subjective and objective, a powerful conceptual couple still governing academic thinking. While much has been written on encountering the occult in fieldwork or becoming an apprentice in an occult practice, little yet has been published in the academic literature about growing up with the occult.
OTHER BORDERS
Authors: Cambini Sabrina Tosi
Published: February 2024

Rudari Lingurari families, one of many significant minority groups in Southeastern Europe, have been characterized by mobility since the end of the nineteenth century, from voluntary border crossings to deportations and forced relocations. Other Borders draws from participatory, multi-site ethnographic research to explore rudari families' cultural and relational frames of mobility through their social and economic organization. Sabrina Tosi Cambini develops the concept of 'moving gaze' to more effectively explore rudari migration paths across multiple countries, their occupation of unoccupied buildings in Italy, their housing practices in both Italy and Romania, and the movement of their objects, ideas and imaginaries.
FRAGILE FUTURES
Authors: Samuelsen Helle
Published: February 2024

Caring for small children and the family in Burkina Faso is hard work. Although the health infrastructure in Burkina Faso is weak and many citizens feel neglected by the state, Fragile Futures shows that the state continues to play an important role in people’s engagements and hopes for a better future. Based on more than twenty years of research engagement with Burkina Faso, it is an ethnography of how rural citizens address ambiguities of sickness and care and try to secure a decent future for themselves and their families.
TOO JEWISH OR NOT JEWISH ENOUGH
Authors: Abt Jeffrey
Published: February 2024

Displays of Jewish ritual objects in public, non-Jewish settings by Jews are a comparatively recent phenomenon. So too is the establishment of Jewish museums. This volume explores the origins of the Jewish Museum of New York and its evolution from collecting and displaying Jewish ritual objects, to Jewish art, to exhibiting avant-garde art devoid of Jewish content, created by non-Jews. Established within a rabbinic seminary, the museum’s formation and development reflect changes in Jewish society over the twentieth century as it grappled with choices between religion and secularism, particularism and universalism, and ethnic pride and assimilation.
FOREIGN POLICY DILEMMAS OF ASEAN COUNTRIES IN THE CONTEXT OF MULTIPOLAR WORLD FORMATION
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (MOSCOW), ASTAFIEVA Ekaterina M.
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes the reaction of ASEAN countries to shifts in the architecture of international relations and the global transformation of the world order associated with the destruction of the unipolar system and the formation of a new multipolar world in the context of the need to counter external challenges and threats to regional security, as well as the need to preserve the principle of ASEAN centrality .
PRABOWO SUBIANTO IS A CONTENDER FOR THE PRESIDENCY OF INDONESIA (Part 4.)
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (MOSCOW), POPOV Aleksandr V.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the internal political events in Indonesia during the period May 13 - 18, 1998, which actually changed the course of the historical development of Indonesia and the role in them of the current contender for the post of President of Indonesia, Prabowo Subianto. The consequences of the “Chinese pogroms” in Jakarta on May 13–14, the growth of student protests, Suharto’s attempts to maintain his power and the related intrigues of the Indonesian generals are examined.
INDONESIAN “WIN-WIN POLICY” AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO WESTERN “RULES” OF INTERNATIONAL POLITICS
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (MOSCOW), MOSYAKOV Dmitry V.
Published: February 2024

The article talks about such a unique experience in organizing the political process as the search for solutions that are beneficial to everyone. The unique and positive experience of such a policy in Indonesia and the prospects for its spread in the countries of Southeast Asia are considered.
Evaluation of sugarcane clones for yield, quality and adaptive characters under waterlogged condition
Authors: Nisha M. , Chandran K. , Gireesan P. P. , Krishnapriya V. , . Mayalekshmi , Gopi R. , Mahendran B.
Published: February 2024

Sugarcane clones specifically bred for tolerating waterlogging were evaluated for yield, juice quality and aerial root formation under natural waterlogged conditions. Clone, WL12-92 had the least and WL12-366 had the maximum aerenchyma in the aerial root. Cane yield and juice quality evaluation showed that test clones outperformed the check varieties for most of the traits. Clones WL12-101, WL12-509 and WL12-314 gave higher CCS yield per plot. Number of nodes with aerial root had negative correlation with all yield and quality traits except cane length and hand refractometer brix 8th month. Area occupied by aerenchymatous tissue in aerial root showed a positive correlation with yield, cane length and CCS yield per plot
Whole genome resequencing of advanced introgression lines of Brassica juncea L. Czern. for characterizing alien introgression from Diplotaxis erucoides L. DC
Authors: Choudhury Sharani , Asrani Purva , Kashyap Anamika , Rao Mahesh , Prasad Lakshman , Pant Usha , Gupta Ashish K. , Bhattacharya Ramcharan
Published: February 2024

The productivity of Indian mustard Brassica juncea L., a major oilseed crop in India, is heavily inflicted due to the fungal disease Alternarialeaf spot caused by Alternaria brassicae L. Genetic resistance against this disease is not available in the mustard cultivars. Screeningfor resistance among the cruciferous wild relatives identified Diplotaxis erucoides L. as a resistant species that can be used for sourcingresistance genes against Alternaria disease. The introgression lines developed by wide hybridization between D. erucoides and B. junceahave been advanced to BC2F7 generation through a recurrent selection of resistant plants at three locations. Development of molecularmarkers linked to alien introgression and the trait is highly desirable for tracking the alien introgression and early selection of thedesired plants. A study was conducted to develop STS markers associated with the introgressed alien DNA based on resequencing of aresistant and a susceptible introgression line. A step-wise bioinformatic analysis and identification of the species-specific DNA contigsfollowed by annotation led us to predict several putative STS markers. While the sequence data generated from more resistant plantsand further analysis are in the process, initial wet lab validation endorsed the appropriateness of the strategy. The identified markersthat showed species specificity need to be studied over the generations to establish their linkage with the trait of Alternaria resistance.
Association mapping of total flavonoid content and antioxidant capacities in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)
Authors: Gupta Soma , Dikshit Harsh K. , Mishra Gyan P. , Aski M.
Published: February 2024

Ninety-six lentil genotypes were characterized for total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant capacities (AOC). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated significant (p ≤0.01) differences among lentil genotypes for studied traits across three locations. The average content of TFC was relatively higher in advanced breeding lines (12.21 mg QE/g) and low in Indian germplasm lines (10.68 mg QE/g). Mean performances for AOC, using the DPPH (ACD) and CUPRAC(ACC) methods, were relatively higher in advanced breeding lines (ACD-4.32 μmolTE/g and ACC-1.25 μmolTE/100 g) and least in released varieties (ACD-2.79 μmolTE/g and ACC-0.92 μmolTE/100 g). Marker trait association analyses were performed with 87 polymorphic SSR markers. The number of alleles amplified per locus ranged from 2 to 5, with an average of 2.92. The polymorphism information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.04 to 0.67, with a mean of 0.25. SSR markers, LCSSR 363 and PLC 38 were significantly associated with TFC and explained 10% of phenotypic variation. PLC 60, SSR 80, PLC 77, and PBALC 216, associated with ACD, explained 7.5 to 23% of phenotypic variation, whereas PBALC 250 and PBALC 216, associated with ACC, explained 15% of the phenotypic variation. TFC and AOC have a broader range of genetic variations that can be used in lentil breeding programs to develop varieties tailored for nutraceutical and therapeutic applications. The identified markers can be validated in biparental populations and used in lentil breeding programs to improve functional constituents and health benefits.
Unfolding genomic regions and identification of novel marker-trait associations for therapeutic traits flavonoid and anthocyanin content in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Lekshmi L. Ananda , Muthuvijayaragavan R. , Geetha S. , Hemalatha M. , Allan V. , Dhasarathan M. , Devasena N. , Ariharasutharsan G. , Varthini N. Vishnu , Manu D. G. , Jeyaprakash P. , Aiyswaraya S. , Saraswathi R.
Published: February 2024

The genetic diversity, structure analysis, and marker-trait association for total flavonoid content (TFC) and anthocyanin content (AC) were studied in rice using 79 germplasm lines with 210 polymorphic microsatellite markers. Among the landraces studied, RG83 (RPHP 93) had the highest level of TFC (227.78 QE/100g) and RG126 (Kallimadayan) contained the highest level of AC (0.416 CE/100g). The STRUCTURE analysis grouped the studied landraces into three genetic structure groups which nearly matched the geographical distance. The results of the marker-trait associations study using MLM with PCA and kinship indicated that the SSR markers RM287 and RM19358 were closely associated with AC while another two markers RM452 and RM 2197 were closely linked with TFC and these two markers were found to be in the genomic regions related to the candidate genes for TFC and AC biosynthesis. In addition, the markers RM10961, RM5963, and RM559 were also found to have significant marker-trait associations with both AC and TFC.
Genotype × environment interaction and stability of high oleic sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) hybrids across temperature regimes
Authors: Farooq M.S. Umar , Uma M. S. , Nehru S.D. , Kulkarni Vikas V. , Babu B.N. Harish , Manjula C. P.
Published: February 2024

Sunflower cultivation in India faces challenges related to environmental variability, particularly in the choice of hybrid varieties for different regions and seasons. This study focuses on the development and stability evaluation of high-oleic sunflower hybrids, emphasizing oleic acid content, which is associated with health benefits. Thirty high-oleic hybrids along with four check hybrids were tested across multiple locations and seasons in Karnataka, India. Analysis of variance using the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction model revealed significant genotype × environment interactions, highlighting the variability in hybrid performance. Promising high-oleic hybrids were identified based on stability across locations and seasons. Interestingly, some hybrids exhibited high oleic acid content during the rabi/summer season but not during the rabi season, indicating sensitivity to temperature changes. Furthermore, the study explored the influence of climatic variables, confirming that temperature as key factor affecting the oleic acid content. The results emphasized the importance of the rabi/summer season for high-oleic sunflower cultivation in India. These findings provide valuable insights for sunflower breeding programs, enabling the development of stable and adaptable high-oleic sunflower hybrids that meet India’s agricultural and nutritional demands.
Identification long non-coding RNAs, miRNAs and their targets in witches’ broom disease tolerance in cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.)
Authors: Das Antara , Veluru Aparna , Das Alokesh , Pandian R. Tava
Published: February 2024

A large part of transcripts is non-coding, which is transcribed from junk DNA; long non-coding RNAs and micro-RNAs regulate theexpression levels of mRNAs. For the first time, we identified lncRNAs and miRNAs with their regulatory role in the disease toleranceof Theobroma cacao. In this study, about 2616 lncRNAs and 153 miRNAs were identified from 10 RNA-seq data representing healthyand witches’ broom diseased tissues of cocoa. Around 604 lncRNAs are differentially expressed among healthy and diseased tissues.LncRNAs targeted 9692 mRNAs; 8827 are cis-acting, and 765 are trans-acting. Among targeted mRNAs, 281 are disease resistance-related transcripts, and 211 transcription factors (TFs) belong to more than 50 TF families, which were found to be involved in the regulation of the disease tolerance process. The identified 153 miRNAs belong to 27 miR families, and around 5337 mRNAs are targeted by the miRNAs, among them 114 codes for TFs and 170 codes for disease resistance protein. Ethylene responsive factor, bHLH, WRKY, MYB, bZIP, GTE, GATA, and heat stress transcription factors are the dominant TFs targeted by lncRNAs, and miRNAs play vital roles in disease progression and tolerance. A total of 55 lncRNAs-miRNAs interacting pair is identified, which were working on endogenous target mimics (e-TMs) mechanism and influenced the expression of 955 mRNAs. The ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) biological pathway analysis reveal that ncRNAs and their targets mRNAs code for transcription factors and genes that are involved in the disease tolerance processes, including synthesis of disease resistance proteins, amino acids, antibiotics, intracellular proteins that directly or indirectly recognize pathogen effectors are essential for plant biotic stress condition. The present study provides lncRNA and miRNA-based regulatory insight into the genes governing disease progression and tolerance in cocoa.
A modified DNA isolation protocol for high-quality DNA and long-term storability in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.)
Authors: Ramya K. R. , Gupta R. , Mishra M. , Pandey A. , Tripathi K. , Bhatt K. C. , Singh R.
Published: February 2024

Grasspeas pose challenges in obtaining high-quality DNA due to their seed and leaves’ high protein, phenols, secondary metabolites, and neurotoxins. This study investigated the challenges faced by the CTAB method in DNA isolation, subsequent enhancements in quality and storage with a modified CTAB approach using triton, PVP, high salt TE and sodium acetate to extract the high-quality genomic DNA from grasspea.
Assessment of variation among cultivated wheat species for plant nutrient strata under salinity conditions
Authors: Malipatil Srivijay S. , Biradar Suma S. , Desai S. A. , Gundlur S. S. , Singh S. K. , Jaggal Lalitha , Tippimath Sadashiva
Published: February 2024

Six wheat genotypes, two each of bread wheat (UAS BW-13897 and LBPY 2014-5), Triticum durum (GW 2010-679 and UAS DW-31403) andT. dicoccum (DIC 99 and DIC 26) were grown under natural saline and control conditions to observe the existence of ion discrimination,ion selectivity amenable to ion regulation and ion interactions among them. Bread wheat genotype, UAS BW-13897 showed a highK+ and K+/Na+ ratio at the harvesting stage under saline condition indicating its high salt tolerance. Contrary to it, T. durum genotype,UAS DW-31403 was found to be highly salt-sensitive due to its low K+/Na+ ratio and high Na+ absorption. Bread wheat genotypes werefound most salt-tolerant due to better exclusion of Na+ salt, with negligible reduction in grain yield, spike length, SPAD and numberof grains per spike. The salt exclusion was found less apparent in T. durum and T. dicoccum wheat likely due to the absence of the Dgenome and Kna1 gene, which is present in bread wheat and not in the two tetraploid species. Durum wheat was observed to be mostsensitive with low salt exclusion capacity, whereas T. dicoccum wheat was found intermediate between bread and durum wheat withmedium salt exclusion capacity. The study revealed a difference in type and level of salt tolerance in different species and genotypesthat established high Na+ salt exclusion capacity as one of the important selection criteria for salt tolerance.
Genetic analysis for morphological, quality and biofuel related traits in sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]
Authors: Abu-Ellail Farrag F.B. , Ghareeb Zeinab E. , Attia Ahmed E.
Published: February 2024

The present investigation was aimed to study the relationship between different methods of diallel data analysis of ethanol yield traits in sweet sorghum to select the relevant superior genotypes. Half-diallel hybrid analysis revealed that both general and specific combining abilities were significant for all the traits studied but the specific combining ability (SCA) was higher than the general combining ability (GCA), suggesting that the non-additive gene action is more important than additive one in controlling the studied traits. Graphically, traits of juice extraction percent, juice yield, and stripped stalk yield were most correlated with ethanol yield. Griffing and GT-biplot analyses produced equivalent results for GCA and SCA and were useful in estimating gene action by identifying the superior crosses across all the correlated traits and comparing the genotypes based on multiple traits. For the ethanol yield trait, genotype, Rio showed good GCA and was considered the best combiner parent, while crosses, Sugar Drib× Ramada and Sugar Drib × Honey may be used for the selection of the relevant traits in sorghum breeding programs to improve ethanol yield trait.
Irrigation rate calculation during drip irrigation of tree-fruit crops in garden plantings
Authors:   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation, Shtanko Andrey S. , Shkura Viktor N. ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Novocherkassk, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Purpose: to develop the methodology for calculating irrigation rate for drip irrigation of tree-fruit crops, ensuring the formation of moistened soil contours in soil space with the required geometric and moisture parameters. Materials and methods. The empirical basis for the methodology development was the materials of the author's research devoted to determining the geometric dimensions (parameters) of soil moisture contours. The working hypothesis of the study involved determining the water supply rate for one emitter, one tree-fruit plant and a number of crops in the plantation, with further determining drip irrigation rate per unit area of drip-irrigated agricultural land, taking into account the number of drip micro-water outlets located on it. Results and discussion. When determining the geometric parameters of moisture contours and water supply rate, the main soil and technological parameters of drip irrigation and contour formation (physical clay content in soil, its lowest moisture capacity and bulk density, levels of pre-irrigation and after-irrigation soil moisture, specified depth soil profile moistening and dripper consumption) were considered as influence factors. The dependencies obtained by the author make it possible to determine the linear, areal and volumetric dimensions of local moisture contours and water supply rate, which, under appropriate conditions of drip irrigation, ensures the formation of a local, initially formed moisture contour with the required soil wetting depth in the soil layer. A study of the proposed methodology showed a deviation of the predicted parameters from the experimental soil moisture contours within ±10.0 %. Conclusions. A methodology allowing determining the irrigation rate for drip irrigation of agricultural land as the sum of the water supply rates of all drip water outlets irrigating 1 hectare of agricultural land with practical accuracy has been developed.
Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Terhadap Penghindaran Pajak dan Manajemen Laba
Authors: Afrilyani Ria , Karina Ria , Mardianto Mardianto
Published: February 2024

ABSTRAK
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) terhadap penghindaran pajak (tax avoidance) dan manajemen laba (earnings management). Dalam penelitian ini, CSR diwakili oleh Corporate Social Responsibility Index (CSRI) yang mengacu pada panduan CSRI versi GRI-G4 dan GRI Standard. Penghindaran pajak diwakili oleh Current Effective Tax Rate (CETR), sementara manajemen laba diwakili oleh Discretionary Accrual (DA). Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 53 perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) dan telah menerbitkan laporan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan antara tahun 2017 hingga 2021. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan analisis regresi data panel menggunakan perangkat lunak eviews. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara stimultan, CSR memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap penghindaran pajak dan manajemen laba.
Kata Kunci: CSR, manajemen laba, dan penghindaran pajak.
 
ABSTRACT
This study aims to determine the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on tax avoidance and earnings management. In this study, CSR is represented by the Corporate Social Responsibility Index (CSRI) which refers to the GRI-G4 and GRI Standard versions of the CSRI guidelines. Tax avoidance is represented by Current Effective Tax Rate (CETR), while earnings management is represented by Discretionary Accrual (DA). The research sample consists of 53 companies that are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and have published corporate social responsibility reports between 2017 and 2021. Data analysis using descriptive statistics and panel data regression analysis using eviews software.The finding showed that, as simultaneously, CSR has a significant impact on earnings management and tax avoidance.
Keywords : CSR, earnings management, and tax avoidance.
Determinasi Agresivitas Pajak dengan Profitabilitas sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Safira Cindy Dhinar , Wulandari Sartika
Published: February 2024

ABSTRAK
Studi ini bermaksud mengungkap peran profitabilitas sebagai pemoderasi leverage, capital intensity, dan inventory intensity terhadap agresivitas pajak. Variabel independen meliputi leverage, capital intensity, dan inventory intensity, sedangkan agresivitas pajak menjadi variabel dependen dan profitabilitas sebagai variabel moderasi. Metode penelitian melibatkan pengumpulan data sekunder laporan tahunan perusahaan sektor barang konsumen primer yang tercatat pada Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2020-2022, dengan purposive sampling pada 47 perusahaan. Studi ini mengindikasikan terdapat dampak konkret dari leverage terhadap agresivitas pajak. Sementara itu, tidak ditemukan dampak konkret dari capital intensity, inventory intensity, dan profitabilitas terhadap agresivitas pajak. Selain itu, hasil studi juga menunjukkan profitabilitas tidak memoderasi leverage, capital intensity, dan inventory intensity terhadap agresivitas pajak.
Kata Kunci: Agresivitas Pajak, Capital Intensity, Inventory Intensity, Leverage, Profitabilitas.
 
ABSTRACT
The research intends to unveil the role of profitability as a moderator between leverage, capital intensity, and inventory intensity with tax aggressiveness. Independent variables encompass leverage, capital intensity, and inventory intensity, while tax aggressiveness is the dependent variable, and profitability iss the moderation variable. The research method involves collecting secondary data sources from annual reports of primary consumer goods sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2020-2022 period, employing purposive sampling for 47 companies. The findings indicate that leverage significantly influences tax aggressiveness, however, no significant effects were observed for capital intensity, inventory intensity, and profitability on tax aggressiveness.  Furthermorethe results also demonstrate that profitability does not moderate the relationships between leverage, capital intensity, and inventory intensity with tax aggressiveness.
Keywords : Capital Intensity, Inventory Intensity, Leverage, Profitability, Tax Agresiveness.
Pengaruh Pajak, Ukuran Perusahaan Dan Kepemilikan Asing Terhadap Transfer Pricing Pada Perusahaan Subsektor Makanan Dan Minuman Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Ningsih Tiara , Oktariansyah Oktariansyah , Putra Panca Satria , Veronica Aries
Published: February 2024

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pajak, ukuran perusahaan dan transfer pricing pada perusahaan subsektor makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di bursa efek Indonesia pada tahun 2016-2020. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan subsektor makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di bursa efek Indonesia. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling yang terdiri dari 6 perusahaan, data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan perusahaan subsektor makanan dan minuman. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis regresi linier berganda dengan program spss versi 24. Hasil menunjukan bahwa pajak, ukuran perusahaan dan kepemilikan asing berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap transfer pricing dengan nilai signifikan 0,005. Pajak tidak berpengaruh terhadap transfer pricing dengan nilai signifikan 0.529. Ukuran perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap transfer pricing dengan nilai signifikan 0.839. Dan kepemilikan asing tidak berpengaruh terhadap transfer pricing dengan nilai signifikan 0.159.

Kata kunci: Pajak, Ukuran Perusahaan, Kepemilikan Asing Dan Tranfer Pricing

 

 

ABSTRACT

This study aims to determine the effect of taxes, company size and transfer pricing on food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange in 2016-2020. The population used in this study are all food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange. The sample used in this study is by using purposive sampling method consisting of 6 companies, the data used in this study is secondary data in the form of financial statements of companies in the food and beverage sub-sector. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS version 24 program. The results show that taxes, company size and foreign ownership have a simultaneous effect on transfer pricing with a significant value of 0.005. Taxes have no effect on transfer pricing with a significant value of 0.529. Firm size has no effect on transfer pricing with a significant value of 0.839. And foreign ownership has no effect on transfer pricing with a significant value of 0.159.

Keywords: Tax, Company Size, Foreign Ownership and Transfer Pricing
Elementary students’ worksheet based on discovery learning for environmental education and biodiversity learning
Authors: Ichsan Ilmi Zajuli , Susanto Lufty Hari , Ali Ahmad , Merliana Anggit
Published: February 2024

The discussion of environmental issues and the biodiversity of flora and fauna are interesting topics to remarkable. This topic includes the learning process at the elementary school level. The learning tool that can be developed is student worksheets for elementary schools. The objective of this research is to develop discovery learning-based student worksheets for elementary school students on environmental and biodiversity topics. The ADDIE model was employed as the research methodology in this study. The development stages carried out are starting from analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The data analysis used was descriptive. The results of the research show that the student worksheet developed has a very valid category and is appropriate for use in learning with detail scores from Learning Expert I (3.90), Learning Expert II (3.70), and Learning Expert III (3.90). Students' worksheets were very valid and appropriate for learning. Student worksheets are one of the innovations that can be developed in school. The results of this research further validate that the student worksheets employed in fostering the development of student's critical thinking and creative thinking abilities. This research concludes that student worksheets based on discovery learning in environmental and biodiversity topics are appropriate for educational purposes.
Philosophy of Mathematics in Primary Education Mathematics Learning: Ontological, Epistemological, and Methodological
Authors: Fajri Hardian Mei , Raihan Muhammad Dawam , Sumantri Mohamad Syarif , Nurhasanah Nina , Utomo Erry
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship, position, and role of the philosophy of mathematics in learning mathematics in basic education through the perspective of the scope of philosophy, namely ontological mathematics, epistemological mathematics, and methodological mathematics. This research is a qualitative descriptive research with a literature study approach. Data collection techniques are carried out through the documentation method of articles originating from the Google Scholar database, as well as books related to the philosophy of mathematics. Data analysis techniques consist of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results highlight three main aspects within the scope of the philosophy of mathematics: ontological, epistemological, and methodological. Ontological mathematics addresses the ontological foundations of mathematics for teaching, including the role of mathematics in various contexts. The epistemology of mathematics emphasizes the importance of understanding the discipline from multiple perspectives to enhance learning and curriculum design. Meanwhile, the methodology of mathematics highlights the role of specific methods in determining mathematical solutions. In conclusion, understanding the philosophy of mathematics in these three aspects is important for educators to improve the learning process of mathematics at the primary level comprehensively and optimally.
On Super (a,d)-C_3- Antimagic Total Labeling of Dutch Windmill Graph D_3^m
Authors: Irene Yanne , Mahmudi Mahmudi , Nurmaleni Nurmaleni
Published: February 2024

This paper  is aimed to investigate the existence of super (a,d)-C_3- antimagic total labeling of dutch windmill graph D_3^m . The methods to achieves the goal was  taken in three step. First of all determine the edge and vertices notation on dutch windmill graph . At the second step, labeling the vertices and edges of several dutch windmill graphs, then obtained the pattern. Finally pattern must be proven to become theorem. Based on the study, The Dutch Windmill Graph D_3^m, with m>=2 has super  (14m+9,5)-C_3- antimagic total labeling, super (13m+8,3)-C_3-  antimagic total labeling, super (12m+9.,5)-C_3-  antimagic total labeling, super (11m+10.,7)-C_3-  antimagic total labeling, super (10m+8.,3)-C_3-  antimagic total labeling.
Forecasting Indihome Users By Using Trigonometrics, Box Cox, Transformation, Arma Error, Trend, And Seasonal (TBATS) Methods
Authors: Hutagalung Alya Azhrah , Sari Rina Filia
Published: February 2024

The rapid growth in the use of telecommunication services, particularly IndiHome, has created a pressing need to comprehend and forecast the dynamics of user growth. The swift development of IndiHome services in Pematangsiantar underscores the importance of efficiently forecasting and managing user growth. This research aims to predict future IndiHome users using the TBATS method (Trigonometrics, Box Cox Transformation, Arma Error, Trend, and Seasonal). User data for IndiHome services were obtained from Telekomunikasi Indonesia (Telkom) Pematangsiantar. The collected data underwent analysis and interpolation using the TBATS method. The choice of the TBATS method is attributed to its capability to handle complex patterns of seasonality, trends, and variability in telecommunication service usage data. The TBATS method involves model optimization and model validation using the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). The forecasted results for IndiHome users in the next 5 years, with the highest IndiHome users reaching 426,9432, indicate a reasonable forecasting performance. The accuracy of the forecast, as measured by the MAPE calculation, ranges around 30.5%, signifying that the TBATS method demonstrates a satisfactory forecasting capability for IndiHome user data.
Role of Artificial Intelligence in Different Sectors of Society
Authors: Gupta Dr. Reena , Kumar Vivek
Published: February 2024

t was in 1956 that the concept of artificial intelligence came into existence. John McCarthy and Marvin Minsky hosted the Dartmouth Summer Research Project, and here they coined the word “artificial intelligence.” The workshop laid the foundation for the field of artificial intelligence. Back to the current timeline, few studies believe that artificial intelligence will contribute 15.7 trillion dollars to the world economy by the year 2030. A branch of computer science that commands machines to simulate human intelligence, artificial intelligence is bringing a paradigm shift in each sector of society. The smart machines working on the concept of deep learning, are capable of performing tasks and making decisions that only a human mind can. These software systems operate in such a manner that they adapt to the situation. Artificial intelligence has the potential to make society even better by bringing positive changes in healthcare, education, governance, policy formulation and implementation, technology, resource management, innovation, etc. Artificial intelligence holds the potential to make human lives better in thousands of ways. Today, if we look around, we are already using AI in our daily lives in some way or another. Artificial intelligence technology in smartphones has grown rapidly in recent years. Google Assistant, Siri, and Alexa are a few examples of AI personal assistants that make our daily tasks easier. Not only do these solution-driven technologies follow commands, but they also learn from experience to provide better services. Today, artificial intelligence is reshaping and redefining industries. It is bringing about a revolution in technology and impacting the global economy. Artificial intelligence can solve complex problems in a limited amount of time and with enhanced accuracy.