bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation of Multicarrier Based Techniques for Single Phase Hybrid Multilevel Inverter using Reduced Switches
Authors: Susheela Nunsavath , Kumar P. Satish
Published: January 2019

The multilevel inverters are very popular in high power high voltage applications. However the multilevel inverters has some demerits such as requiring higher number of components, PWM control method is complex and capacitor voltage balancing problem. The hybrid multilevel inverter presented in this paper has superior characteristics over conventional multilevel inverters. The hybrid multilevel inverter employs fewer components and less carrier signals when compared to conventional multilevel inverters. It consists of level generation and polarity generation stages which involves high frequency and low frequency switches. The complexity and overall cost for higher output voltage levels are greatly reduced. Implementation of single phase 7-level, 9-level and 11-level hybrid multilevel inverter has been performed using sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) strategies i.e., phase disposition (PD), alternate phase opposition disposition (APOD) and carrier overlapping (CO). Also the three techniques are compared in terms of total harmonic distortion (THD) for various modulation indices and observed to be greatly improved when compared to conventional topologies. The performance of single phase eleven level hybrid inverter is analyzed for different loads.  Simulation is performed using MATLAB/ Simulink.
Comparative Analysis of Carrier based techniques for Single phase Diode Clamped MLI and Hybrid inverter with reduced components
Authors: Susheela Nunsavath
Published: January 2019

The multilevel inverters have highly desirable characteristics in high power high voltage applications. The multilevel inverter was started first with diode clamped multilevel inverter. Later, various configurations have been came into existence for many applications. However the multilevel inverters have some demerits such as requiring higher number of components, PWM control method is complex and capacitor voltage balancing problem. The hybrid multilevel inverter presented in this paper has superior characteristics over conventional multilevel inverters. The hybrid multilevel inverter employs fewer components and less carrier signals when compared to conventional multilevel inverters. It consists of level generation and polarity generation stages which involves high frequency and low frequency switches. The complexity and overall cost for higher output voltage levels are greatly reduced. Implementation of single phase 7-level, 9-level and 11-level diode clamped multilevel inverter and hybrid multilevel inverter has been performed using sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) strategies i.e., phase disposition (PD), alternate phase opposition disposition (APOD). Also these techniques are compared in terms of total harmonic distortion (THD) for various modulation indices and observed to be greatly improved in case of hybrid inverter when compared to diode clamped inverter. The comparative study of performance for single phase diode clamped multilevel inverter and hybrid inverter is analyzed with different loads.  Simulation is performed using MATLAB/ SIMULINK. 
Selective MAC for Obstacle Aware CEV Environmental Model for V2V
Authors: Rani B Usha , Tarannum Suraiya
Published: January 2019

Vehicular adhoc network (VANET) adopts or resembles a similar structure of Mobile adhoc network (MANET).  The communication in VANET are generally classified into following three categories such as Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I), Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) and Hybrid network which is a combination of V2V and V2I network. VANET using the IEEE 802.11p standard has great potential of achieving objectives of Smart intelligent transport system (SITS) for improving transport and road safety efficiency. As more and more services is been provided for V2V based VANET network. It is a challenging task to provide QoS to end user, due to wireless medium that has limited channel availability for transmission. To guarantee QoS and provide efficient network performance, a prioritized MAC need to be designed. Many priority based MAC has been designed in recent times to improve the quality of data delivery to end user. However these do not consider the impact of environment and presence of obstacle which affects the signal attenuation at the receiver end and affecting the QoS of channel availability. To address, this work present an obstacle based radio propagation model, obstacle based CEV (City, Expressway and Village) environmental model and a selective MAC to provide QoS for different services. The proposed model efficiency is evaluated in term of throughput achieved per channel, Collison and success packet transmission. To evaluate the adaptive performance of proposed AMACexperiment are conducted under CEV environment and are compared with existing MAC NCCMA. The outcome achieved shows that the proposed model is efficient in term of reducing Collison, improving packet transmission and throughput performance considering two types of services.
Analysis of Memory Effects in Digital Filters with Overflow Arithmetic
Authors: Kumar Mani Kant , Kar Haranath
Published: January 2019

This paper deals with the problem of undesired memory effects in nonlinear digital
filters owing to the influence of past excitations on future outputs. The nonlinearities under consideration cover the usual types of overflow arithmetic employed in practice. Based on the Hankel norm performance, a new criterion is proposed to ensure the reduction of undesired memory effects in digital filters with overflow arithmetic. In absence of external input, the nonexistence of overflow oscillations is also confirmed by the proposed criterion. A numerical example together with simulation result showing the effectiveness of the criterion is given.
Dual Reinforcement Q Routing for Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Desai Rahul M , Patil B P
Published: January 2019

Ad Hoc Networks are infrastructure less network in which nodes are connected by Multi-hop wireless links. Each node is acting as a router as it supports distributed routing. Routing challenges occurs as there are frequent path breaks due to the mobility. Various application domains include military applications, emergency search and rescue operations and collaborative computing. The existing protocols used are divided into proactive and on demand routing protocols. The various new routing algorithms are also designed to optimize the performance of a network in terms of various performance parameters. Dual reinforcement routing is learning based approach used for routing. This paper describes the implementation, mathematical evaluation and judging the performance of a network and analyze it to find the performance of a network.
Optimal Energy Harvesting Scheme for Power Beacon-Assisted Wireless-Powered Networks
Authors: Do Dinh-Thuan
Published: January 2019

In this paper, we consider one-way  relay with energy harvesting system based on power beacon (PB), in which the relay node harvests transmitted power from the PB station to forward signals to destination. We also analyse the relay network model with amplify-and-forward (AF) protocol for information cooperation and Power Splitting-based Relaying (PSR) protocol for power transfer. In particular, the outage probability and optimal energy harvesting (EH) power splitting fraction of novel scheme in are presented. We obtain analytical closed-form expression of  optimal energy harvesting (EH) power splitting fraction to minimize the outage probability of system. Using numerical and analytical simulations, the performances of different cases are presented and discussed.
An Efficient Patient Inflow Prediction Model For hospital Resource Management
Authors: Srikanth Kottalanka , Arivazhagan D.
Published: January 2019

There has been increasing demand in improving service provisioning in hospital resources management. Hospital industries work with strict budget constraint at the same time assures quality care. To achieve quality care with budget constraint an efficient prediction model is required. Recently there has been various time series based prediction model has been proposed to manage hospital resources such ambulance monitoring, emergency care and so on.  These models are not efficient as they do not consider the nature of scenario such climate condition etc. To address this artificial intelligence is adopted. The issues with existing prediction are that the training suffers from local optima error.  This induces overhead and affects the accuracy in prediction. To overcome the local minima error, this work presents a patient inflow prediction model by adopting resilient backpropagation neural network. Experiment are conducted to evaluate the performance of proposed model inter of RMSE and MAPE. The outcome shows the proposed model reduces RMSE and MAPE over existing back propagation based artificial neural network. The overall outcomes show the proposed prediction model improves the accuracy of prediction which aid in improving the quality of health care management.
Secure Cloud based Privacy Preserving DataMinning Platform
Authors: Kumaraswamy S , S H Manjula , Venugopal K R
Published: January 2019

The adoption of cloud environment for various application uses has led to security and privacy concern of user’s data. To protect user data and privacy on such platform is an area of concern. Many cryptography strategy has been presented to provide secure sharing of resource on cloud platform.  These methods tries to achieve a secure authentication strategy to realize feature such as self-blindable access tickets, group signatures, anonymous access tickets, minimal disclosure of tickets and revocation but each one varies in realization of these features. Each feature requires different cryptography mechanism for realization. Due to this it induces computation complexity which affects the deployment of these models in practical application. Most of these techniques are designed for a particular application environment and adopt public key cryptography which incurs high cost due to computation complexity. To address these issues this work present an secure and efficient privacy preserving of mining data on public cloud platform by adopting party and key based authentication strategy. The proposed SCPPDM (Secure Cloud Privacy Preserving Data Mining) is deployed on Microsoft azure cloud platform. Experiment is conducted to evaluate computation complexity. The outcome shows the proposed model achieves significant performance interm of computation overhead and cost.
Classification Of Category Selection Title Undergraduate Thesis Using K-Nearest Neighbor Method
Authors: Niswatin Ratih Kumalasari , Sanjaya Ardi
Published: January 2019

This research makes the classification system of  category selection title undergraduate thesis titleuse k-nearest neighbor method. This research will be conducted on the students of Informatics Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri. The purpose of making this system is to employee department and students to more easily make a classification of category selection undergraduate thesis title based on the field of interest and field of expertise of each student. The method used to classify the selection of undergaduate thesis title categories is k-nearest neighbormethod using several criteria based on students' interests and expertise in a particular field or course. The result of this sitem is an information category of undergraduate thesis title of students who have been processed based on the field of interest and field of expertise of each student.
A Survey on Software Estimation Techniques in Traditional and Agile Development Models
Authors: Prakash B. , Viswanathan V.
Published: January 2019

Software projects mostly exceeds budget, delivered late and does not meet with the customer’s satisfaction for years. In the past, many traditional development models like waterfall, spiral, iterative, and prototyping methods are used to build the software systems. In recent years, agile models are widely used in developing the software products. The major reasons are – simplicity, incorporating the requirement changes at any time, light-weight approach and delivering the working product early and in short duration. Whatever the development model used, it still remains a challenge for software engineer’s to accurately estimate the size, effort and the time required for developing the software system. This survey focuses on the existing estimation models used in traditional as well in agile software development.
Random Projection-based Cancelable Template Generation for Sparsely Distributed Biometric Patterns
Authors: Punithavathi P. , Geetha S.
Published: January 2019

Cancelable biometrics, a template transformation approach, attempts to provide robustness for authentication services based on biometrics. Several biometric template protection techniques represent the biometric information in binary form as it provides benefits in matching and storage. In this context, it becomes clear that often such transformed binary representations can be easily compromised and breached. In this paper, we propose an efficient non-invertible template transformation approach using random projection technique and Discrete Fourier transformation to shield the binary biometric representations. The cancelable fingerprint templates designed by the proposed technique meets the requirements of revocability, diversity, non-invertibility and performance. The matching performance of the cancelable fingerprint templates generated using proposed technique, have improved when compared with the state-of-art methods.
Ant Lion Optimizer for Solving Unit Commitment Problem in Smart Grid System
Authors: Nadhirah Sam’on Izni , Mat Yasin Zuhaila , Zakaria Zuhaina
Published: January 2019

This paper proposed the integration of solar energy resources into the conventional unit commitment. The growing concern about the depletion of fossil fuels increased the awareness on the importance of renewable energy resources, as an alternative energy resources in unit commitment operation. However, the present renewable energy resources is intermitted due to unpredicted photovoltaic output. Therefore, Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO) is proposed to solve unit commitment problem in smart grid system with consideration of uncertainties .ALO is inspired by the hunting appliance of ant lions in natural surroundings. A 10-unit system with the constraints, such as power balance, spinning reserve, generation limit, minimum up and down time constraints are considered to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method. The performance of proposed algorithm are compared with the performance of Dynamic Programming (DP). The results show that the integration of solar energy resources in unit commitment scheduling can improve the total operating cost significantly. 
Development of Hybrid Artificial Neural Network for Quantifying Energy Saving using Measurement and Verification
Authors: Nazirah Wan Md Adna Wan n , Yenita Dahlan Nofri , Musirin Ismail
Published: January 2019

This paper presents a Hybrid Artificial Neural Network (HANN) for chiller system Measurement and Verification (M&V) model development. In this work, hybridization of Evolutionary Programming (EP) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) are considered in modeling the baseline electrical energy consumption for a chiller system hence quantifying saving. EP with coefficient of correlation (R) objective function is used in optimizing the neural network training process and selecting the optimal values of ANN initial weights and biases. Three inputs that are affecting energy use of the chiller system are selected; 1) operating time, 2) refrigerant tonnage and 3) differential temperature. The output is hourly energy use of building air-conditioning system. The HANN model is simulated with 16 different structures and the results reveal that all HANN structures produce higher prediction performance with R is above 0.977. The best structure with the highest value of R is selected as the baseline model hence is used to determine the saving. The avoided energy calculated from this model is 132944.59 kWh that contributes to 1.38% of saving percentage.
Cable Test and Breakdown Voltage Determination of Joysense Cable Insulation
Authors: Yahya Muhammad Bin , Izani Muhammad Nazrolni Azmi Bin
Published: January 2019

Cross-linked Polyethylene (XLPE) has been used as the insulation for polymeric power cables for its superior advantages. This type of cable insulation are famously known and used for their good dielectric properties, mechanical properties, thermal properties, and probability to be utilized at high temperature. This study is of four (4) parts; designing suitable method for cable test, accelerated testing procedures applied to XLPE insulation for high voltage cables, online partial discharge determination, and aging test. To study the insulation durability to AC high voltage operation, the breakdown strength and aging were investigated under different setting of temperature. The breakdown voltages of XLPE were measured at different temperatures of 300C, 500C and finally at 700C. Lastly, the aging effect of cable insulation was observed by conducting the AC breakdown voltage test after the aging process. Results showed that the breakdown voltage and aging of XLPE cables will decrease with increase of temperature setting. 
Assessment of Power System Risk in Cyber-Attacks in View of the Role Protection Systems
Authors: Goh Hui Hwang , Sim Sy yi , Mohamed Omar Abdi , Mohamed Ahmed Farah , Ling Chin Wan , Chua Qing Shi , Goh Kai Chen
Published: January 2019

This paper presents a risk assessment method for assessing the cyber security of power systems in view of the role of protection systems. This paper examines the collision of transmission and bus line protection systems positioned in substations on the cyber-physical performance of the power systems. The projected method simulates the physical feedback of power systems to hateful attacks on protection system settings and parameters. The relationship between protection device settings, protection logic, and circuit breaker logic is analyzed. The expected load reduction (ELC) indicator is used in this paper to determine potential losses in the system due to cyber attacks. The Monte Carlo simulation is used to calculate ELC’s account to assess the capabilities of the attackers and bus arrangements are changed. The influence of the projected risk assessment method is illustrated by the use of the 9-bus system and the IEEE-68 bus system.
Transmission Line Fault Detection: A Review
Authors: Goh Hui Hwang , Sim Sy yi , Shaykh Asad , Kabir Md. Humayun , Ling Chin Wan , Chua Qing Shi , Goh Kai Chen
Published: January 2019

Transmission line is the most important part of the power system.  Transmission lines a principal amount of power. The requirement of power and its allegiance has grown up exponentially over the modern era, and the major role of a transmission line is to transmit electric power from the source area to the distribution network. The exploded between limited production, and a tremendous claim has grown the focus on minimizing power losses. Losses like transmission loss and also conjecture factors as like as physical losses to various technical losses, Another thing is the primary factor it has a reactive power and voltage deviation are momentous in the long-range transmission power line. In essentially, fault analysis is a very focusing issue in power system engineering to clear fault in short time and re-establish power system as quickly as possible on very minimum interruption. However,  the fault detection that interrupts the transmission line is itself challenging task to investigate fault as well as improving the reliability of the system. The transmission line is susceptible given all parameters that connect the whole power system. This paper presents a review of transmission line fault detection.
Fault Location Techniques in Electrical Power System-A Review
Authors: Goh Hui Hwang , Sim Sy yi , Hafiz Mohamed Mohamad Amirul , Abdul Rahman Abdul Khairi , Ling Chin Wan , Chua Qing Shi , Goh Kai Chen
Published: January 2019

Electric fault is the main challenge in the process of providing continues electric supply. Fault can occur at anytime and anywhere. Due to the fault causes are mainly based on natural disaster or accident. Most fault occurrence hardly predicted nor avoided. Therefore, a quick response fault detection is necessary to ensure that the fault area is maintained to ensure a continuous power supply system. Hence, a system is required to detect and locate the position of the fault in the power system especially in the transmission line and distribution line. This paper will review the type of fault that possibly occurs in an electric power system, the type of fault detection and location technique that are available together with the protection device that can be utilized in the power system to protect the equipment from electric fault.

 
Extension Mode in Sliding Window Technique to Minimize Border Distortion Effect
Authors: Asman Saidatul Habsah , Abidin Ahmad Farid , Dahlan Nofri Yenita
Published: January 2019

This paper deals with border distortion effect at starting and ending of finite signal by proposing sliding window technique and basic extension mode implementation. Single phase of transient and voltage sag is chosen to be analyzed in wavelet. The signal which being used for the analysis is simulated in Matlab 2017a. Disturbance signal decomposes into four level and Daubechies 4 (db4) has been chosen for computation. The proposed technique has been compared with conventional method which is finite length power disturbance analysis. Simulation result revealed that the proposed smooth-padding mode can be successfully minimized the border distortion effect compared to the zero-padding and symmetrization approach.

 
Stochastic Approach of Voltage Optimization to Maximize Power Saving in a Building
Authors: Arriffin Aainaa Mohd , Othman Muhammad Murtadha , Kamaruzaman Amirul Asyraf Mohd , Musirin Ismail , Yahya Ainor , Latip Mohd Fuad Abdul
Published: January 2019

This paper presents the energy saving analysis by using voltage optimization technique, via Stochastic approach in an unbalanced three phase building distribution system. The voltage optimization technique is performed by installing voltage regulator units connected in series with every incoming transformer with optimize tap setting, via Stochastic approach using MATLAB® and SIMULINK® software. The results show a substantial improvement in terms of overall cost of energy consumption compared to the base case.
Optimisation of Biochemical Systems Production using Hybrid of Newton Method, Differential Evolution Algorithm and Cooperative Coevolution Algorithm
Authors: Ismail Mohd Arfian , Mezhuyev Vitaliy , Moorthy Kohbalan , Kasim Shahreen , Ibrahim Ashraf Osman
Published: January 2019

This paper present a hybrid method of Newton method, Differential Evolution Algorithm (DE) and Cooperative Coevolution Algorithm (CCA). The proposed method is used to solve the optimisation problem in optimise the production of biochemical systems. The problems are maximising the biochemical systems production and simultaneously minimising the total amount of chemical reaction concentration involves. Besides that, the size of biochemical systems also contributed to the problem in optimising the biochemical systems production. In the proposed method, the Newton method is used in dealing biochemical system, DE for optimisation process while CCA is used to increase the performance of DE. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, the proposed method is tested on two benchmark biochemical systems. Then, the result that obtained by the proposed method is compare with other works and the finding shows that the proposed method performs well compare to the other works.
A new compact CPW-Fed dual-band monopole antenna for RFID applications
Authors: Elhamraoui Ahmed , Abdelmounim El Hassan , Zbitou Jamal , Errkik Ahmed , Bennis Hamid , Latrach Mohamed
Published: January 2019

This paper presents a study of a new dual-band monopole antenna fed by a Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) line suitable for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) applications especially designed for RFID readers and covering free ISM bands of 2.45GHz and 5.8GHz. The proposed antenna benefits from the advantages of the CPW line to simplify the structure of the antenna into a single metallic level, by consequent making it easier for integration with microwave integrated circuits. The simulation of the antenna was carried out using ADS from Agilent technologies and CST Microwave Studio electromagnetic solvers. A good impedance bandwidth of 500MHz is achieved in measurement (from 2.1GHz to 2.6GHz for the lower band), while the upper band covers 800MHz (from 5.2GHz to 6GHz). Details of the proposed antenna design and both simulated and experimental results are described and discussed.
Performance of Pilot-Aided 3D- OFDM Channel Estimation using Different Antenna Configurations
Authors: Bhange Dinesh N. , Dethe Chandrashekhar G.
Published: January 2019

This paper aims, a 3D-Pilot Aided Multi-Input Multi-Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) Channel Estimation (CE) for Digital Video Broadcasting -T2 (DVB-T2)for the 5 different proposed block and comb pilot patterns model and performed on different antenna configuration. The effects of multi-transceiver antenna on channel estimation are addressed with different pilot position in frequency, time and the vertical direction of spatial domain framing. This paper first focus on designing of 5- different proposed spatial correlated pilot pattern model with optimization of pilot overhead. Then it demonstrates the performance comparison of Least Square (LS) &Linear Minimum Mean Square Error (LMMSE), two linear channel estimators for 3D-Pilot Aided patterns on different antenna configurations in terms of Bit Error Rate. The simulation results are shown for Rayleigh fading noise channel environments. Also, 3x4 MIMO configuration is recommended as the most suitable configuration in this noise channel environments.
Comparative Study of Statistical background Modeling and Subtraction
Authors: Moussa Mourad , Hmila Maha , Douik Ali
Published: January 2019

Background subtraction methods are widely exploited for moving object detection in videos in many computer vision applications, such as traffic monitoring, human motion capture and video surveillance. The two most distinguishing and challenging aspects of such approaches in this application field are how to build correctly and efficiently the background model and how to prevent the false detection between; (1) moving background pixels and moving objects, (2) shadows pixel and moving objects. In this paper we present a new method for image segmentation using background subtraction. We propose an effective scheme for modelling and updating a background adaptively in dynamic scenes focus on statistical learning. We also introduce a method to detect sudden illumination changes and segment moving objects during these changes. Unlike the traditional color levels provided by RGB sensor aren’t the best choice, for this reason we propose a recursive algorithm that contributes to select very significant color space. Experimental results show significant improvements in moving object detection in dynamic scenes such as waving tree leaves and sudden illumination change, and it has a much lower computational cost compared to Gaussian mixture model.
Cryptanalysis on Privacy-aware two-factor Authentication Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Choi Younsung
Published: January 2019

Das first proposed two-factor authentication combining the smart card and password to resolve the security problems of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). After that, various researchers studied two-factor authentication suitable for WSNs. In user authentication protocols based on the symmetric key approach, a number of elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)-based authentication protocols have been proposed. To resolve the security and efficiency problems of ECC-based two-factor authentication protocols, Jiang et al. proposed a privacy-aware two-factor authentication protocol based on ECC for WSNs. However, this paper performs a vulnerability analysis on Jiang et al.’s authentication protocol and shows that it has security problems, such as a lack of mutual authentication, a risk of SID modification and DoS attacks, a lack of sensor anonymity, and weak ID anonymity.
Optimization of Food Composition for Hypertensive Patient using Variable Neighborhood Search
Authors: Fauziyah Aprilia Nur , Mahmudy Wayan Firdaus
Published: January 2019

Hypertension is a major symptom that cause other diseases appear such as non-communicable diseases, cancer, and diabetes if the nutrients on hypertensive patients not controlled from the actual nutrition need. One of healthy life effort for the patients is consuming healthy food that considers level of salt in the foods. The problem to determine the food composition that considers level of salt and minimum cost of the food is solved using Variable Neighborhood Search. This study compares 3 neighborhood structures: insertion, exchange, and 2-opt. The use of 2-opt neighborhood structure gives the highest fitness averages of other neighborhood structure. Selection and arrangement of neighborhood structure in every k neighborhood have effect on the solution is obtained. The result of this study contains composition of foods with nutrients which are close to the needs of hypertension patients with attentions the sodium and minimal cost within a day.
Hand Wrist Bone Identification Using Quadrant Ballon Snake
Authors: Sigit Riyanto , Rochmad Moch. , Harsono Tri , Devi Isnanda Farah
Published: January 2019

In this research, hand wrist bone Identification for human forensic is discussed. Hand wrist bone is one of the effective methods used in the forensic science for age identification. There are four techniques used in this research: cropping image, preprocessing, Quadrant Ballon Snake and identification. The first step is to crop an image on metaphysis and epiphysis bone. The second step is preprocessing using morphology and edge detection. The third step is to apply Quadrant Ballon Snake to segment hand wrist bone. The last step is to use ratio metaphysis and epiphysis to identify a person. The performance segmentation for assessment hand wrist bone showed an average age identification 91%, bone age metaphysis 95% and bone age epiphysis 95%. The experiments resulted in the fact that Quadrant Ballon Snake method is able to find and improve the segmentation of hand wrist bone images accurately. This indicates that this method is effective for segmenting hand wrist bone.
Gamma Stirling Engine for a Small Design of Renewable Resource Model
Authors: Mohamad Hisyam Wan Dawi Syed , Murtadha Othman Muhammad , Musirin Ismail , Asyraf Mohd Kamaruzaman Amirul , Mohd Arriffin Aainaa , Ashida Salim Nur
Published: January 2019

This paper presents a research on designing a heat engine known as the Stirling engine. The first task is to study on the background of Stirling engine including its robustness, advantages and disadvantages, history and its ability to produce useful energy. Gamma type Stirling engine will be the main focus for this paper. Thus, an effort has been made in determining a suitable formulation that will be used to design a functioning Gamma Stirling engine. This formulation can be divided into several criteria, the Stirling cycle method used to find the p-V diagram of Stirling engine, the 0th order calculation method used as a preliminary system analysis on the efficiency and performance of the engine and lastly, the Schmidt Analysis whereby used in dealing with the design and development of the engine. This formulation is then arranged accordingly into Excel programming software. As for the hardware analysis, it will be on the performance of the Stirling engine model in term of its electrical power production based on different heat source. At the end of this project, it shows that the obtained formulations can be used in designing the Gamma Stirling engine and are capable to produce an output power from the Stirling engine.
Design of a Small Renewable Resource Model based on the Stirling Engine with Alpha and Beta Configurations
Authors: Zahari Faisal , Murtadha Othman Muhammad , Musirin Ismail , Mohd Kamaruzaman Amirul Asyraf , Ashida Salim Nur , Norasiqin Sheikh Rahimullah Bibi
Published: January 2019

This paper presents the conceptual design of Stirling engine based Alpha and Beta configurations. The performances of Stirling engine based Beta configuration will be expounded elaborately in the discussion. The Stirling engines are durable in its operation that requires less maintenance cost.  The methodology for both configurations consists of thermodynamic formulation of Stirling Cycle, Schmidt theory and few composition of flywheel and Ross-Yoke dimension. Customarily, the Stirling engine based Beta configuration will operate during the occurrence of low and high temperature differences emanating from any type of waste heat energy. A straightforward analysis on the performance of Stirling engine based Beta configuration has been performed corresponding to the temperature variation of cooling agent. The results have shown that the temperature variation of cooling agent has a direct effect on the performances of Stirling engine in terms of its speed, voltage and output power. 
Topologies of DC-DC Converter in Solar PV Applications
Authors: Hanisah Baharudin Nor , Muhammad Nizar Tunku Mansur Tunku , Abdul Hamid Fairuz , Ali Rosnazri , Irwanto Misrun Muhammad
Published: January 2019

Solar energy plays an important role in renewable energy generation systems since it is clean, pollution-free sustainable energy as well as the increasing cost-of-electricity which causes high-growth demands amongst utility customers. This paper presents various circuit topologies of DC-DC converters in solar photovoltaic (PV) applications. There are three types of DC-DC converter presented in this paper that can be integrated with solar PV system which are buck, boost and buck-boost converter in various applications. This paper also presents the application on DC-DC converter in solar PV system for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) feature. The advantages and disadvantages of each topology will be discussed further in term of cost, components, efficiency and limitations.
Solar Thermal Heating Acceptance Among Malaysian Industries Using System Dynamics
Authors: Sabirin Baharom Anis , Yenita Dahlan Nofri
Published: January 2019

A solar thermal heating technology has a great potential in industries application. This paper presents a prediction of Malaysian industries acceptance on the solar thermal heating system for replacing the current heating technologies. In Malaysia, most of the heating technologies are using fossil fuel as a heating source due to the low price of the source. The solar thermal is another type of sustainable renewable energy. The objective of this research is to produce a Malaysian industries acceptance model in order to study the willingness of the Malaysian industries to migrate and use the new renewable energy technologies in their heating process. System dynamic simulation has been used to develop the novel solar thermal heating acceptance model by using the survey data collected from process industries in Malaysia. The focus of the research is in low and medium temperature categories of the solar thermal system since most of the process industries in Malaysia are involving with low and medium temperature in the heating process. The System Dynamic model was designed to predict the investment decision taken by the industries based on investment decision rules. The results with current support from the government show that the Malaysian industries acceptance towards solar thermal heating technologies is low. To enhance the willingness among the industries, a new policy on solar thermal energy application for industries properly need to be tailored. 
PSS Based Angle Stability Improvement Using Whale Optimization Approach
Authors: A. M. Kamari N. , Musirin I. , Othman Z. , A. Halim S.
Published: January 2019

This paper introduced a new swarm based optimization technique for tuning Power System Stabilizer (PSS) that attached to a synchronous generator in a single machine infinite bus (SMIB) system. PSS which is installed with Lead-Lag (LL) controller is introduced to elevate the damping capability of the generator in the low frequency mode. For tuning PSS-LL parameters, a new technique called Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is proposed. This method mimics the social behavior of humpback whales which is characterized by their bubble-net hunting strategy in order to enhance the quality of the solution. Based on eigenvalues and damping ratio results, it is confirmed that the proposed technique is more efficient than Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Evolutionary Programming (EP) in improving the angle stability of the system. Comparison between WOA, PSO and EP optimization techniques showed that the proposed computation approach give better solution and faster computation time.
Performance Analysis of Self-Consumed Solar PV System for A Fully DC Residential House
Authors: M. N. T. Mansur T. , H. Baharudin N. , Ali R.
Published: January 2019

Malaysia is moving forward by promoting used of renewable energy such as solar PV to the public where it is generated at the distribution voltage level. The fluctuation of fuel prices becomes main concern to the consumers since it affecting the electricity tariff. The objective of this project is to design a self-consumed DC power system for a residential house from renewable energy resource which is solar PV that it will independent from the utility grid. The methodology proposed are configuring daily load demand, sizing PV array and battery bank and simulation of the design system by using PVsyst. Based on solar energy resource, the optimum PV array size is 2.0 kWp while the battery bank size is 700 Ah at 48 V which is designated for 4 days of autonomy. The system could meet 100% of load demand throughout the year with 67.9% of performance ratio. The loss to the system is contributed by the temperature effect to the PV module, unused energy because of battery full capacity, converter and battery efficiencies. Using this concept, the proposed design set-up is expected to benefit the residential consumers in reducing utility electricity consumption up to 2,434 kWh per year and avoiding 1.7 tons of carbon emissions into the environment annually.
Evaluation of Protective Relaying Reliability in Renewable Energy Environment
Authors: Hisham Z. , Hashim H. , Shukri Z. , Ishak Z.
Published: January 2019

The decrement in supply of fossil fuel led to the exploration of new energy sources, which varies from wind energy to solar energy, which are known as Renewable Energy. The main problem with these power sources are the inconsistency of their energy that depends very much on the environmental factors. The embedment of these power sources onto conventional power transmission network would affect the sensitivity and reliability of protective relaying. Two different types of solar power plant connection to power system network are presented in this paper, namely Bus Connection and T-Off Connection. Computer Aided Protection Engineering (CAPE) software is used to model the networks being protected by distance protection, and simulate short circuit scenario. This paper specifically focuses on evaluating the impact of the in-feed current being contributed by both network configurations to the reliability of distance protection.
Enhanced Vein Detection from Video Sequences
Authors: Ahmed Kazi Istiaque , Habaebi Mohamed Hadi , Islam Md Rafiqul
Published: January 2019

Nowadays, infusion of a needle is everyday common practice for the medical practitioner. A numerous fault occurs at the time of needle infusion into the blood vessel which is covered inside the human skin even though it is a simple and common practice in medical practitioning. This research proposes a computer-aided new technique using the vision-based imaging and Contrast Limited Adative Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) to detect and visualize the vein beneath a human's skin from video sequences which will be a really cost effective solution. IR night vision camera is being used to acquire the videos of an arm to compute the effect electromagnetic effect from NIR illumination which is absorbed by the hemoglobin of the blood vessel tissues. More precisely, its application can lead the process not only for error-free infusion of a needle to the patients but also localization of abdominal bleeding, stroke-inducing clots in the vein are the name of few.

 
A Series Regeneration Converter Technique for Voltage Balancing of Energy Storage Devices
Authors: Habib A K M Ahasan , Motakabber S. M. A. , Ibrahimy Muhammad I.
Published: January 2019

A single series resonant converter has been designed to balance the voltage level of a storage battery for electric vehicles. The proposed design has been simulated and verified by using two 100F supercapacitors instate of the conventional rechargeable battery. A voltage monitoring circuit detects the voltage condition of the individual capacitor and sends the voltage status to the control circuit for action. A technique has been developed to control a set of switches to transfer the current between the capacitor to balance the voltage level. The MATLAB simulated result shows the balancing circuit decreases the voltage difference between the two supercapacitors from 200 mV to 0V in 140 seconds, which is less than the existing methods. This fast voltage balancing technique can be used in the battery management system or electric vehicles for long lasting the battery life.

 
Keywords: Voltage balancing; electric vehicles; supercapacitor; battery; series resonant converter
Fingertip Detection Using Histogram of Gradients and Support Vector Machine
Authors: Sophian Ali , Qurratu’aini Dayang
Published: January 2019

One important application in computer vision is detection of objects. One important application in computer vision is detection of objects. This paper discusses detection of fingertips by using Histogram of Gradients (HOG) as the feature descriptor and Support Vector Machines (SVM) as the classifier. The SVM is trained to produce a classifier that is able to distinguish whether an image contains a fingertip or not. A total of 4200 images were collected by using a commercial-grade webcam, consisting of 2100 fingertip images and 2100 non-fingertip images, were used in the experiment. Our work evaluates the performance of the fingertip detection and the effects of the cell’s size of the HOG and the number of the training data have been studied. It has been found that as expected, the performance of the detection is improved as the number of training data is increased. Additionally, it has also been observed that the 10 x 10 size gives the best results in terms of accuracy in the detection. The highest classification accuracy obtained was less than 90%, which is thought mainly due to the changing orientation of the fingertip and quality of the images. 
Stress Recognition Using Photoplethysmogram Signal
Authors: Halim Noor Hafizah Azlin Abd , Sidek Khairul Azami , Mansor Hasmah
Published: January 2019

 This study proposed a novel method of stress recognition using photopletysmogram (PPG) signal. PPG devices are now widely used because it is convenient, low powered, cheap and also easy to handle due to its small size. A total of 5 subjects were involved in this study. The PPG signals were taken in resting condition using pulse oximetry. The subject then goes through a stressor test in order to record the physiological changes. The data were collected before and after the test was conducted and later extracted. These samples were then categorised using classification techniques to differentiate between normal and stress condition. Based on the experimentation results, the systolic peak value differences of normal and stress conditions are evident.Therefore, the outcome of this study suggest the reliability of implementing PPG signal for stress recognition.
Development of Approximate Prediction Model for 3-DOF Helicopter and Benchmarking with Existing Controllers
Authors: Anwar Farhat , Boby Rounakul Islam , Mansor Hasmah , Hussain Sabahat , Sharmin Afsah
Published: January 2019

Recent trend of living is getting modernized rapidly by the involvement of automatic systems. Within the aviation industry, automatic systems had become heavily reliable by the end of the nineteen centuries. The systems usually require controllable devices with desired control algorithm known as controller. Controllers can be replaced with, almost every mechanical automation aspect where, safety is a serious issue. But it is not easy to adapt a controller with a specific model at the beginning. It is important to predict the model before a controller works on the model and the controller parameters need to be adapted to get maximum efficiency. A 3-DOF (Three Degrees of Freedom) airframe model is an advanced benchmark model of real 3-DOF helicopter. It has the same uncommon model dynamics with nonlinearities, strong duel motor cross coupling system, uncertain characteristics, disturbances dependent, unmodeled dynamics and many more. The 3-DOF airframe model is a well-known platform for controller performance benchmarking. This research paper shows the development of an approximate prediction model of a Three Degrees of Freedom helicopter model and uses the proposed approximate model to observe the performance of an existent hybrid controller. The hybrid controller is the combination of two different controllers named Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT) controller and Adaptive controller. To achieve the research objective, the proposed mathematical model of this airframe was used to develop transfer function and simulate with the hybrid controller in MATLAB. The performance of the controller based on the proposed heliframe model of 3-DOF helicopter have also been reported added within this paper.
Performance Enhancement of NEMO based VANET using Localization Router (LR) to reduce Handoff delays
Authors: Rahman Shaikh Mohammad Ehsanur , Anwar Farhat , Hashim Aisha Hassan Abdalla
Published: January 2019

Vehicular Ad hoc networks (VANETs) combined with vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communications can be considered as the most suitable technology to enable ITS (Intelligent Transport System) application bestowed upon travellers with mobility, safety and productivity with human comfort. As a delay sensitive ITS application, handoff delays and packet losses are critical parameters for maintaining seamless connectivity in VANET solution. During handoff, when mobile node (vehicle) is acquiring new CoA (care of address), packets directed towards that node are lost; because it’s old identity is no more valid. So in high speed dynamic vehicular environment the number of frequent handoffs would produce delay beyond the normal limit. Therefore, it is very important to resolve the issues of handoff delay and packet losses in VANET environment. As a solution, a domain based RHD-NV (Reducing Handoff Delay in NEMO based VANET) scheme is proposed in this paper. Number of vehicles moving towards the road constructs a domain where network mobility NEMO-BS protocol is applied. A vehicle is selected as MR (master router) and connected to the RSU (road side unit) to the internet and other vehicles in the domain work as LRs (localization router) and communicate through MR. Simulation tests performed in NS3 (network simulator) and MATLAB SIMULINK demonstrate that using LRs (localization router) in the domain, the number of handoffs and handoff delay are significantly reduced.