bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“In These Times of Compassion when Conformity’s in Fashion”: How Therapeutic Jurisprudence Can Root Out Bias, Limit Polarization, and Support Vulnerable Persons in the Legal Process
Authors: Perlin Michael L.
Published: August 2023

This Article considers the extent to which caselaw has—either explicitly or implicitly—incorporated the precepts of therapeutic jurisprudence (“TJ”), a school of legal thought that focuses on the law’s influence on emotional life and psychological well-being, and that asks us to assess the actual impact of the law on people’s lives. Two of the core tenets of TJ in practice are commitments to dignity and to compassion. I conclude ultimately that with these principles as touchstones, TJ can be an effective tool—perhaps the most effective tool—in rooting out bias, limiting polarization, and supporting vulnerable persons in the legal process. But this cannot and will not happen until more judges and practicing attorneys understand the potentially reformative (and transformative) role of TJ. My review of some relevant caselaw (both domestic and international)—a review that, to the best of my knowledge, has never previously been undertaken—suggests that an incorporation of TJ principles is by no means a sure thing.

First, I briefly consider the creation and dynamic growth of therapeutic jurisprudence over the past 30 years, looking specifically at the interplay between TJ and values of dignity and compassion. Then, I assess the role of TJ in dealing with issues most central to this Article: bias, polarization, and vulnerability. I next review court decisions—both domestic and from other nations—in which TJ is explicitly mentioned (and in some cases, relied upon). Following this, I look at some other relevant caselaw in which (1) TJ implicitly helped bring about a solution that minimized bias or polarization, or offered support to vulnerable persons or classes; (2) the failure to employ TJ led to decisions that reinforced bias and ignored the needs of those who are vulnerable; or (3) a determination of one’s perspective is needed to determine if one sees the case as “pro-TJ” or “anti-TJ.” I then, in conclusion, offer some modest suggestions as to how TJ can best be employed to ensure decisions that are, optimally, bias free via approaches that improve therapeutic functioning and do not sacrifice civil liberties.
Redressing Sustainable Fashion Practices: Upcycling as a Defense to Trademark Infringement
Authors: Lepesant Victoria
Published: August 2023

Upcycling is a fashion trend that has recently gained popularity because it is a more sustainable option for those seeking to purchase new pieces for their wardrobes. Upcycling involves deconstructing pre-owned pieces of clothing, jewelry, and accessories and using the deconstructed materials to create “new” fashion items. While this practice is popular among those looking to make environmentally conscious shopping choices, it is incompatible with our current trademark statutes and common law doctrines. Under the Lanham Act, it is considered trademark infringement to use another’s trademark when it is likely to cause confusion among consumers. In most instances, the use of upcycled materials that bear another brand’s trademark would likely cause confusion among consumers. This Comment proposes an amendment to the Lanham Act to create an affirmative defense for upcycling.
Direct and indirect linguistic measures of common ground in dialogue studies involving a matching task: A systematic review
Authors: Bovet Vincent , Knutsen Dominique , Fossard Marion
Published: August 2023

During dialogue, speakers attempt to adapt messages to their addressee appropriately by taking into consideration their common ground (i.e., all the information mutually known by the conversational partners) to ensure successful communication. Knowing and remembering what information is part of the common ground shared with a given partner and using it during dialogue are crucial skills for social interaction. It is therefore important to better understand how we can measure the use of common ground and to identify the potential associated psychological processes. In this context, a systematic review of the literature was performed to list the linguistic measures of common ground found in dialogue studies involving a matching task and to explore any evidence of cognitive and social mechanisms underlying common ground use in this specific experimental setting, particularly in normal aging and in neuropsychological studies. Out of the 23 articles included in this review, we found seven different linguistic measures of common ground that were classified as either a direct measure of common ground (i.e., measures directly performed on the referential content) or an indirect measure of common ground (i.e., measures assessing the general form of the discourse). This review supports the idea that both types of measures should systematically be used while assessing common ground because they may reflect different concepts underpinned by distinct psychological processes. Given the lack of evidence for the implication of other cognitive and social functions in common ground use in studies involving matching tasks, future research is warranted, particularly in the clinical field.
El libro de texto como un currículo potencialmente realizado: una construcción teórica de la tríada Opportunity-to-Learn, Tareas y Libro de texto
Authors: Fernanda Litoldo Beatriz , Barcelos Amaral Rúbia , Ribeiro Guimarães Douglas
Published: August 2023

Las tareas, entre otros momentos de la formación de los estudiantes, están presentes en las clases de matemáticas. Con el fin último de contribuir al aprendizaje de los alumnos, las tareas son elegidas por los docentes en sus planeaciones de clase y, a posteriori, son desarrolladas en sus prácticas. Los libros de texto, apoyados en las políticas públicas y tomados en muchas aulas como un currículo terminado, contemplan un número abundante de estas tareas. Por lo tanto, se vuelve relevante comprender qué oportunidades de aprendizaje ofrecen estos materiales en el ámbito de las tareas. Dicho esto, este artículo tiene como objetivo discutir una construcción teórica en el ámbito del estudio de las tareas en los libros de texto de matemáticas, la cual fue construida y utilizada en la investigación doctoral del primer autor. Aludido por los aportes teóricos relacionados con los Libros de Texto, Tareas Matemáticas y Opportunity-to-Learn y desde la perspectiva del docente, se engendró una estructura teórica - la tríada - como forma de ayuda y apoyo al análisis de los materiales curriculares/instruccionales, en particular, de los libros de texto. Por lo que, asumiendo este material como un currículo potencialmente realizado, la tríada se conceptualiza como un lente metodológico, analítico e interpretativo acerca de la Opportunity-to-Learn frente a las tareas presentadas en el Libro de Texto, dicha lente sirve y contribuye, además de esta conceptualización, a las investigaciones tanto en el área de la Educación Matemática como a los investigadores que se enfocan en esta rama de discusión dentro del campo.
Tecnología de Realidad Aumentada para la Enseñanza de la Geometría Espacial: una Experiencia con Estudiantes de los últimos años de la Educación Primaria
Authors: Costa Eduardo Vinicius , Iaqchan Ryokiti Homa Agostinho
Published: August 2023

Este trabajo presenta los resultados de una investigación sobre las contribuciones de una Secuencia Didáctica incorporada con la tecnología de Realidad Aumentada (RA) como estrategia en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la Geometría Espacial para los años finales de la Educación Primaria. Centrándose en el desarrollo de habilidades de visualización y representación en perspectiva, el estudio realizado es de naturaleza cualitativa y se fundamenta en la metodología de investigación denominada Ingeniería Didáctica. El experimento se llevó a cabo a través de la integración del software GeoGebra con la herramienta Google Classroom y la plataforma de videoconferencias Google Meet, y contó con la participación de 25 estudiantes, de edades comprendidas entre 13 y 15 años, distribuidos en los estados de Rio Grande do Sul, Paraíba y Piauí. La investigación presenta consideraciones sobre: (i) la enseñanza de la Geometría en Brasil; (ii) análisis curriculares del PCN y la BNCC; (iii) el concepto de visualización en la Educación Matemática; y (iv) el software GeoGebra y la tecnología de RA. Los resultados señalan que la RA aporta contribuciones al proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje, ya que facilita la acción de investigar sólidos geométricos y, de esta manera, ayuda en el desarrollo de la visualización geométrica-espacial.
Formación continua del profesorado: La mirada de los profesores sobre los procesos formativos en la Base Curricular Nacional Común (BNCC) y en la Referencia Curricular Amazónica (RCA)
Authors: Façanha Filho Eriberto Barroso , Dal-Farra Rossano André
Published: August 2023

En los últimos años, Brasil ha construido una Base Curricular Nacional Común (BNCC) para orientar el trabajo pedagógico en la educación básica. Desde esta perspectiva, el Estado de Amazonas organizó la Referencia Curricular Amazónica (RCA) como un documento regional basado en el BNCC. Estos documentos exigen la puesta en marcha de procesos de formación continua destinados a capacitar a los profesores para trabajar en esta nueva perspectiva. Dadas estas premisas, este estudio aborda la opinión de los profesores de la localidad sobre la formación continua. Dos grupos de profesores de Matemáticas respondieron a cuestionarios sobre la formación. Grupo 1 en el que una parte de los profesores ya había participado en la formación y Grupo 2 que respondió tras un proceso específico de formación continua con énfasis en Matemáticas. Los datos se examinaron mediante Análisis de Contenido. En cuanto a la comprensión de los documentos y la aplicación del BNCC y el RCA, sólo el Grupo 2 tuvo un predominio de evaluaciones positivas de la formación continua. En cuanto a la planificación de la formación, las menciones fueron predominantemente positivas en los Grupos 1 y 2.
Competencias Tecnológicas Digitales em la Formación de Profesores de Matemáticas: aportes teóricos a la discusión de curriculum em Proyectos de Formación
Authors: Napar Paulo Cesar  Pereira , Teresa Kaiber Carmen
Published: August 2023

La formación docente ha experimentado importantes movimientos en la búsqueda de mejorar y transformar las prácticas docentes con el uso de contextos tecnológicos digitales. En este contexto, se asume que es importante discutir teorías que ayuden a los cursos de Licenciatura en Matemáticas a implementar acciones que posibiliten la formación de competencias tecnológicas por parte de los docentes. Así, este artículo busca discutir una posibilidad de fundamentación teórica para el desarrollo de currículos diseñados considerando competencias tecnológicas para la formación inicial de profesores de Matemática. Para ello, utiliza componentes teóricos traídos por el Sistema de Competencias Digitales, articulándolo con supuestos de la Base Nacional Comum para la Formação de Professores (BNC-Formação) instituida en Brasil, considerando las acciones profesionales y las habilidades y conocimientos que se esperan en el futuro. Y los maestros actuales se desarrollarán. Se considera que las tecnologías digitales deben ser utilizadas como objeto central en las Licenciaturas en Matemáticas, yendo más allá de un currículo que se centre en disciplinas específicas para el uso de los recursos digitales, encontrando su manifestación a través de la transversalidad y propuestas capaces de incitar a la pedagogía del desarrollo que contribuya a la evolución del escenario educativo, cultural y social brasileño.
Currículo y Educación Matemática: posibilidades y desafíos en la permanencia y progreso académico de estudiantes indígenas en una carrera de Matemática
Authors: Silva e Neto Jhemerson da , Rodrigues Gomes Ana Clédina , Lessa Gonçalves Harryson Júnio
Published: August 2023

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación de maestría, situada en el campo de los estudios sobre Educación Matemática. Tuvo como objetivo comprender las posibles contribuciones de esta área para la permanencia y el progreso académico de estudiantes indígenas que ingresan al curso de Licenciatura en Matemáticas en una universidad pública ubicada en la región norte de Brasil. Se sustenta en las perspectivas teóricas de los estudios decoloniales, discusiones en el ámbito del Programa de Etnomatemáticas y desde la perspectiva de la interculturalidad crítica. Se constituye a través de un enfoque cualitativo, siendo una investigación descriptivo-exploratoria y documental. Los resultados del análisis del Proyecto de Curso Pedagógico de la Licenciatura en Matemáticas de la universidad investigada – extracto de este artículo – muestran que a pesar del contexto de diversidad étnico-cultural en que se inserta el curso, así como de la preocupación de la institución por promover políticas afirmativas para los estudiantes indígenas, tales temas no se evidencian en el plan de estudios del curso. Como posibilidades, se propusieron posibles horizontes a ser incorporados al currículo actual de la carrera de Matemáticas. Se consideran importantes los procesos de diálogo intercultural e interepistémico con las universidades, para componerlas como un espacio de pluriversidad.
Licenciatura y Currículo Intercultural: la Formación de Maestros en Matemática para Escuelas Indígenas en Paraná
Authors: Novak Maria Simone Jacomini , Henrique Lorin João , Alexandre Borges Fábio , Célia Faustino Rosângela
Published: August 2023

Atuando em movimentos sociais organizados, os povos indígenas demandam direitos territoriais, cidadania e o acesso às políticas públicas interculturais, que reconheçam e respeitem suas culturas, línguas e organizações socioculturais. Em relação à formação superior indígena, a década de 1990 representa um marco histórico importante, na medida em que várias legislações possibilitaram a elaboração de projetos específicos e diferenciados, que culminaram na oferta de Licenciaturas Indígenas com currículos interculturais. Neste artigo, por meio de estudo teórico e documental, discutimos a política de ingresso de indígenas ao Ensino Superior e a relevância de uma formação intercultural para as escolas bilíngues. Os resultados demonstram que, embora desde os anos de 2000 diferentes formas de ingresso foram oportunizadas no Brasil, por meio de diferentes políticas públicas, no Paraná, estas não possibilitaram a formação de professores indígenas para a área da matemática, o que requer projetos próprios, elaborados com a participação indígena.
Procesos de Exclusión a través del Currículo de Matemáticas: ¿de Quién es la Culpa?
Authors: Assunção Ricardo Gomes , Antonio da Silva Marcio
Published: August 2023

En este artículo, presentamos una parte de una investigación doctoral concluida en 2022, cuyo objetivo fue comprender cómo los estudiantes de la Enseñanza Media Integrada (EMI) y de la Enseñanza Superior de un Campus del Instituto Federal de Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología de Goiás se constituyen como sujetos-estudiantes excluidos por el currículo de matemática. El corpus de análisis estuvo compuesto por textualizaciones de entrevistas con alumnos de EMI que se encontraban en dependencia en la asignatura de matemáticas y con alumnos que habían abandonado el curso de Licenciatura en Matemáticas, ambos de la mencionada institución educativa. Se realizó un análisis del discurso del material producido, inspirado en las teorizaciones del filósofo Michel Foucault, con el fin de destacar la producción de enunciados sobre lo dicho por los alumnos, en la dirección de alcanzar nuestros objetivos. Se destacaron tres afirmaciones, y la que presentaremos en este artículo es: “si me hubiera esforzado más, lo habría conseguido”, donde los estudiantes se culpan / responsabilizan de su proceso de exclusión, aunque, como veremos, esta afirmación está atravesada por otros campos discursivos, como el neoliberal y el religioso. Concluimos que es necesario producir múltiples currículos que atiendan a la variedad de estudiantes que asisten a la institución investigada, para romper el paradigma del currículo como algo sagrado y que nunca puede ser cuestionado.
Género en los libros de texto de matemáticas en cabo verde: tensiones y problematizaciones
Authors: Lima Yasmin Cartaxo , Dartora Musha Fernanda , Garcia dos Santos José Eduardo , Vieira Godoy Elenilton
Published: August 2023

El presente artículo, vinculado al Grupo de Estudio GECUDEDIS de la UFPR, tiene como objetivo promover, tensionar y problematizar los libros de texto de matemáticas del 1er ciclo (1er a 4to año) de la educación básica en Cabo Verde a partir del concepto-análisis género. Teóricamente, se basa en las teorías post-críticas del currículo, más específicamente, en los estudios culturales y las relaciones de género. Metodológicamente, se inscribe en un enfoque de investigación cualitativa a través del análisis documental de materiales curriculares inspirado en el análisis del discurso francés. Entre los principales resultados, se observó que existe una definición y delimitación muy explícita de los géneros femenino y masculino en las imágenes analizadas, teniendo ambos elementos típicos utilizados para demarcar a las personas de cada género. Mientras que las mujeres y las niñas llevan sobre todo maquillaje, ropa rosa, faldas, vestidos, zapatos planos, tacones, cejas finas, pelo largo y accesorios; los hombres y los niños se ven sobre todo con ropa holgada, zapatillas deportivas, pelo corto y cejas gruesas.
Modelación Matemática Situada para Estudiantes de Administración Pública
Authors: Márquez Mónica Soto , Díaz Leonora
Published: August 2023

Este estudio se inscribe en el ámbito de la relación educación y trabajo, con particular interés en explorar soluciones de continuidad entre las matemáticas de la formación con las matemáticas de la profesión. Con diseños de modelación matemática situada, de carácter socioepistemológico, se promueven en el aula la emergencia de las matemáticas de prácticas recurrentes de profesionales de la Administración Pública. En una perspectiva de investigación cualitativa y en su primera etapa, se indaga en el saber/hacer matemático expresado en prácticas de estos profesionales. En la segunda etapa se aplican diseños de modelación con base en las prácticas deconstruidas. Entre los resultados se reportan prácticas estudiantiles asociadas a la priorización para la toma de decisiones, a la vez que se observa la emergencia de configuraciones tempranas de identidad profesional.  Estos resultados ilustran continuidades entre las matemáticas de la formación y las matemáticas de la profesión.
An Improved Second-Order Multi-Synchrosqueezing Transform for the Analysis of Non-Stationary Signals
Authors: Wang Kewen , Shang Yajun , Lu Yongzheng , Lin Tianran
Published: August 2023

Second-order multi-synchrosqueezing transform (SMSST), an effective tool for the analysis of non-stationary signals, can significantly improve the time-frequency resolution of a non-stationary signal. Though, the noise energy in the signal can also be enhanced in the transform which can largely affect the characteristic frequency component identification for an accurate fault diagnostic. An improved algorithm termed as an improved second-order multi-synchrosqueezing transform (ISMSST) is then proposed in this study to alleviate the problem of noise interference in the analysis of non-stationary signals. In the study, the time-frequency (TF) distribution of a non-stationary signal is calculated first using SMSST, and then a δ function is constructed based on a newly proposed time-frequency operator (TFO) which is then substituted back into SMSST to produce a noise-free time frequency result. The effectiveness of the technique is validated by comparing the TF results obtained using the proposed algorithm and those using other TFA techniques in the analysis of a simulated signal and an experimental data. The result shows that the current technique can render the most accurate TFA result within the TFA techniques employed in this study.
Social Determinants of Hip Fractures in Elderly Patients–A Case-Control Study
Authors: KARAHAN Mümin , SAKÇI Mehmet Şah
Published: August 2023

Aim: Hip fractures are common orthopedic traumas and are known as a problem in terms of public health, particularly among the elderly. Preventing fractures and determining risk factors are critical in reducing morbidity, mortality, and social and economic burden. The purpose of this study was to examine the social determinants affecting hip fractures.

Material and Methods: This case-control study was conducted with a case group of 108 (36.1%) patients and a control group of 191 (63.9%). Hip fracture status was selected as the dependent variable in the study. The independent variables were marital status, place of residence, single-story or multi-story residence, use of stairs, use of assistive devices, cohabitants, working status, chronic disease status, education status, fixed income status, health insurance, family history of hip fractures, fractures in the last five years, getting help in daily work, smoking, fear of falling, and perception of general health status.

Results: Marital status, cohabitants, chronic disease status, having a fixed income, having health insurance, fear of falling, and perception of general health differed to a significant extent between the case and control groups. Nonetheless, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups regarding their places of residence, living in whether single-story or multi-story residences, the use of stairs, assistive device usage, active employment status, education status, family history of hip fractures, fractures in the last five years, getting help in daily work, and smoking.

Conclusion: Social factors affect the risk of hip fracture. Clinicians should be alert to the importance of this issue and raise the awareness of elderly patients.
Az EMPACT szerepe a kiberbűncselekmények elleni küzdelemben
Authors: Vetter Dániel
Published: August 2023

Aim: The purpose of this article is to present the structure, functioning, and results of the EMPACT platform in the field of cybercrime, which has a prominent role in international criminal cooperation and is now a permanent EU instrument.Methodology: The Author collected knowledge about the EMPACT platform by examining the available EU legislation and by performing in practice the tasks of a former expert in the cyber-attacks priority and the current deputy national EMPACT coordinator.Findings: In the fight against serious and organized crime, the Member States, and countries with close links to the EU can carry out their tasks effectively by working together and making the greatest possible use of legal, technical, and educational resources. The permanent EU instrument provides both operational and strategic support for the participants.Value: The study provides a comprehensive overview of this area of international criminal cooperation, which will help law enforcement and judicial authorities to gain a deeper insight into the practical implementation of the task, and will provide interested parties with contextualised answers about the steps and processes involved.
A biztonság megteremtésének és fenntartásának állami és nem állami szereplőiről
Authors: Lippai Zsolt
Published: August 2023

Aim: The aim of the study is to present the non-state actors in the field of security, the special bodies, the ‘peripheries’ of law enforcement, and the application of methods other than the traditional concept of law enforcement.Methodology: This paper examines the state and non-state actors involved in the creation and maintenance of security through a new and very exciting lens, sometimes highlighting particularly sensitive issues, and tackling a particularly interesting and topical problem of violence, the cult of violence, and the proliferation of unwanted structural situations and sources of danger, in order to reduce, if possible.Findings: The police, as the public actor in creation of our security, and in particular the activities of police organization, have been and are still being dealt with in many different ways. However, only very few police researchers have focused their attention on non-state actors in the field of security, on the specialized organs and ‘peripheries’ of policing, on the use of methods other than those that might be called traditional policing.Value: The author of the study wishes to contribute to the comprehensive scientific research and mapping of private security, recognizing the fact that the topic under research is a constantly topical issue of police operation, as the last two decades have brought about a number of unprecedented situations in the operation of the police. The quantitative and qualitative transformation of tasks and expectations also requires a reassessment of the relationship between state and non-state actors in the creation and maintenance of security. This study will help to explore these activities.
A schengeni értékelési mechanizmus nemzetközi és hazai koordinációja
Authors: Zsákai Lénárd
Published: August 2023

Aim: The aim of the study is to examine the functioning of the renewed Schengen evaluation mechanism, based on the new Schengen Evaluation Regulation, which entered into force on 1 October 2022 and applies from February 2023, and to present the synergistic cooperation of the key players in the system.Methodology: The research is essentially qualitative, based on document and content analysis (context and innovation analysis), source analysis and interviews with international experts.Findings: It has been found that the functioning of the complex system introduced in the study is linked to a number of international and national actors, who are closely interconnected and ensure the functioning of the Schengen evaluation mechanism in a form of symbiotic relationship. The roles and responsibilities of the key players imply that if one of them malfunctions, the whole system will be damaged. It may be worthwhile in the future to scientifically investigate and explore whether the system has managed to achieve a transformation in which all actors can work together properly, thus contributing to a secure and efficient Schengen area.Value: The study is unique at national level, no similar analysis has been done in the research area before. In addition to the milestones in the development of Scheval and the regulation of the current system, the research also looks at the essential elements of the special relationship between the main international and national actors. The work can provide a good theoretical basis for further studies and analyses.
Exploring Options for Naming Taxa Based on DNA Sequences under the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants
Authors: Groom Quentin , Applequist Wendy , Lehtonen Samuli , Renner Susanne , Thiele Kevin
Published: August 2023

DNA sequence data has gained increasing importance in modern taxonomic research, and related subjects such as species identification, biogeography, evolution, and classification. Environmental DNA reveals numerous taxa that cannot be isolated or cultured using current techniques. Yet, the latest International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants requires physical specimens or illustrations as nomenclatural types for the formal naming of species and subspecific taxa (Turland et al. 2018). This limitation is impeding our ability to describe, study and communicate about a significant proportion of biodiversity.

Here we present the deliberations of a Special-purpose Committee established at the XIX International Botanical Congress in Shenzhen, China, to address the issue of DNA sequences as types. Two main options for resolving this problem were identified:

Amend the definition of a 'type' in the Code to include DNA sequences.

Allow the description of taxa without types under specific circumstances.

Amend the definition of a 'type' in the Code to include DNA sequences.

Allow the description of taxa without types under specific circumstances.

Under either option, the Committee agreed to restrict the scope of the proposals to cases where the use of specimens or illustrations as types is not technically feasible (Thiele et al. 2023).

The inability to name taxa discovered through DNA sequencing has practical consequences that hinder research, conservation, and policy efforts. Whether this issue will be resolved depends on the voting at the Nomenclature Section of the XX International Botanical Congress to be held in Madrid in 2024. It is essential to engage with this process so that, whatever your opinion, your voice is heard at the Congress.
The evaluation of a semi-automatic authoring tool for knowledge extraction in the AC&NL Tutor
Authors: Grubišić Ani , Stankov Slavomir , Žitko Branko , Šarić-Grgić Ines , Gašpar Angelina , Brajković Emil , Vasić Daniel
Published: August 2023

This paper describes and evaluates the performance of a semi-automatic authoring tool (SAAT) for knowledge extraction in the AC&NL Tutor, highlighting its strengths and weaknesses. We assessed the accuracy of automatic annotation tasks (Part-of-Speech tagging, Name Entity Recognition, Dependency parsing, and Coreference Resolution) performed on a dataset of 160 sentences from unstructured Wikipedia text on a computer. We compared the automatic annotations to the gold standard, created after human post-editing and validation. Human-error analysis included 3769 words, 582 subsentences, 1129 questions, 917 propositions, 1020 concepts, and 667 relations. It resulted in the error type classification and the set of custom rules further used for automatic error identification and correction. The results showed that an average of 68.7% of the error corrections referred to CoreNLP performance and 31.3% to the SAAT extraction algorithms. Our main contributions include an integrated approach to the comprehensive pre-processing of the text, knowledge extraction and visualization; the consolidated evaluation of natural language processing tasks and knowledge extraction output (sentences, subsentences, questions, concept maps) and the newly developed reference dataset. 
diffReplication - An Energy-Aware Fault Tolerance Model for Silent Error Detection and Mitigation in Heterogeneous Extreme-scale Computing Environment
Authors: Li Longhao , Znati Taieb , Melhem Rami
Published: August 2023

At extreme scale, the frequency of silent errors – a class of errors that remain undetected by low-level error detection mechanisms – increases significantly with the computational complexity of the application and the scale of the computing infrastructure. As hardware and software advances are made to usher in the next scientific era of computing, developing new approaches to mitigate the impact of silent errors remains a challenging problem. In this work, we propose an energy-aware fault-tolerance model, referred to diffReplication to overcome silent errors. In the proposed model, the main process is associated with one replica that executes at the same rate as the main process, and one diffReplica that is executed at a fraction of the main process' execution rate. If the main and its replica reach consensus at the end of a computation phase, the state of the diffReplica is updated and computation is resumed. If the synchronization attempt results in a disagreement, however, the diffReplica increases its execution speed to complete the computation and quickly reach the synchronization barrier. Assuming a single error over any given synchronization interval, a majority voting is used to reach consensus and tolerate silent errors. To further enhance its performance, diffReplication is augmented with speculative execution, whereby the main or its fast replica is selected to continue execution without waiting for the diffReplica. The selection process is based on the previous behaviour of the main and its replica. A performance analysis study is carried out to assess the performance of diffReplication, in terms of the energy saving and time-to-completion reduction achieved by the diffReplication scheme. The experiment shows that speculative execution reduces the time to completion with additional energy, and dynamic decision-making balances the energy consumption and time to completion. 
Pharmacogenetic variants of CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 associated with adverse reactions induced by antiepileptic drugs used in Peru
Authors: Alvarado Angel T. , Muñoz Ana María , Varela Nelson , Sullón-Dextre Luis , Pineda Mario , Bolarte-Arteaga Mario , Bendezú María R. , García Jorge A. , Chávez Haydee , Surco-Laos Felipe , Melgar-Merino Elizabeth J. , Cuba-Garcia Pompeyo A. , Molina-Cabrera Aura , Pari-Olarte Bertha , Bonifaz-Hernandez Mario , Panay-Centeno Juan F. , Kong-Chirinos José , Almeida-Galindo José
Published: August 2023

Epilepsy is the most common neurological disorder with a worldwide incidence of 20% and a treatment failure rate of 25–30%. The fluctuation in serum levels, efficacy and safety of antiepileptic drugs can be attributed to single nucleotide polymorphisms of genes encoding their respective proteins involved in drug metabolism. The present study attempted to evaluate the pharmacogenetic variants of CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 associated with adverse reactions induced by antiepileptic drugs used in Peru. Few studies were found to significantly associate the CYP2C9*2, CYP2C9*3, CYP2C19*2, and CYP2C19*3 single nucleotide polymorphisms with elevated serum levels of valproic acid and carbamazepine, and valproic acid induction of hyperammonemia, and adverse reactions cutaneous for carbamazepine. There is further evidence of a significant association of CYP2C9*2/CYP2C9*3 with severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and epidermal necrolysis (TEN) phenytoin-induced. CYP2C9*3 may be a pharmacogenetic biomarker for such a drug. It is proposed to reduce the dose of drugs for intermediate and poor metabolizers. No pharmacogenetic studies were found in patients with epilepsy in Peruvian populations. It is concluded that this review could help physicians in the prediction and prevention of adverse reactions induced by antiepileptic drugs, as well as to improve their pharmacotherapeutic results. It could also be used as scientific evidence to carry out pharmacogenetic and precision medicine studies in Peruvian patients with epilepsy, due to their tricontinental and Latin American ancestry.
Symptom Appraisal and Help-Seeking Among Patients With Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Xiang Ling , Yoon Sungwon , Low Andrea H.L. , Leung Ying Ying , Fong Warren , Lau Tang Ching , Koh Dow Rhoon , Thumboo Julian
Published: August 2023

Objective

Long diagnostic delay remains an unsolved problem in many autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs). One of the major contributing factors is poor symptom appraisal and the resulting delays in help-seeking by patients themselves. We therefore aimed to understand the symptom appraisal and help-seeking experience among patients with ARDs in a multiethnic urban Asian population and to explore its influencing factors.

Methods

Semistructured interviews with 33 patients with ARDs were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. We coded the transcripts deductively using the reported 3 stages of symptom appraisal (detection, interpretation, and response) as the framework, and inductively for newly emerging themes and subthemes.

Results

All 3 stages of the symptom appraisal and help-seeking journey (ie, symptom detection [by self and by others], symptom interpretation [causes, consequences, and required actions] and symptom response [no action, self-management, seeking help from nonhealthcare professionals, and seeking help from healthcare professionals]) were observed among patients. Interactions among these 3 stages were also observed: symptom interpretation was found to influence subsequent symptom detection, and the outcome of symptom response was found to influence both subsequent symptom detection and symptom interpretation. Various personal and socioenvironmental factors (eg, knowledge and cultural beliefs about the symptom) that influenced symptom appraisal and help-seeking were identified from the interviews.

Conclusion

The symptom appraisal and help-seeking journey of patients with ARDs is an iterative process of detection, interpretation, and response, and is influenced by various personal and socioenvironmental factors. Addressing modifiable factors could shorten the symptom appraisal and help-seeking interval and improve patient outcomes.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors and Clinically Relevant Drug Interactions: A Guide for Preventing Serotonin Toxicity and Hypertensive Reactions
Authors: Gillman Peter Kenneth , Van den Eynde Vincent , Godet Lila , Redhead Charles , Horwitz Alexander , Barnett Brian
Published: August 2023

This article describes and clarifies the two significant interactions encountered with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): serotonin toxicity and the tyramine pressor response. This is important because of the amount of inaccurate and misleading information (including in United States Food and Drug Administration-approved product information sheets and online resource and database systems) promulgated over the last few decades, which continues to cause confusion and undue concern. There are few if any clinically relevant CYP450 interactions with psychotropic drugs and no significant pharmacokinetic interactions. Serotonin toxicity is now well understood and only occurs in a problematic form when MAOIs are given in conjunction with serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Major prolonged elevations of blood pressure from tyramine are now less of a concern because of greatly reduced tyramine levels in foods. Therefore, MAOIs are safer and simpler to use in clinical practice than has usually been stated and should be considered earlier in the treatment algorithm for both atypical and melancholic depression.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2023;53(8):353–358.]
The Effect of Fear of COVID-19 on Prenatal Attachment and Pregnancy Stress in Pregnant Women
Authors: Unver Hacer , Turan Ipek
Published: August 2023

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted the lives of people around the world, causing illness, death, fear, and trauma. This study aims to determine the effect of fear of contracting COVID-19 on pregnancy stress and prenatal attachment in pregnant women. This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted with 270 pregnant women who were registered in the family health center of a city located in the eastern part of Turkey. Data were collected between November 2020 and March 2021. The average age of the participants was 28.24 ± 5.69. A positive and weak correlation was found between the Fear of COVID-19 Scale Mean score and the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) and Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale (PSRS) mean scores (
r
= 0.379, 0.478;
P
< 0.001, respectively). In addition, a weak correlation was detected between the PAI mean score and the PSRS mean score (
r
= 0.495;
P
< 0.001). Results showed that the fear of COVID-19 affected prenatal attachment at a proportion of 14% and pregnancy stress at a proportion of 22%. This study found that the fear of COVID-19 had effects on pregnancy stress and prenatal attachment. Healthcare professionals should consider the fear caused by the pandemic as a factor in the treatment-care and consultancy services provided to pregnant women in extraordinary, unprecedented times like the COVID-19 pandemic.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2023;53(8):381–388.]
The Correlation Between Eating Behaviors and Depression Levels After Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Kavak Mustafa , Özkan Meral
Published: August 2023

In recent years, the prevalence of obesity has been increasing. Obese patients can be treated with medication, diet, exercise, and bariatric surgery. Studies on bariatric surgery have mostly focused on the physiological aspect of the surgery, with little attention paid to its psychological effects. There are a limited number of national and international studies that investigate eating behaviors and depression after bariatric surgery together. This descriptive and correlational study aimed to determine the correlation between eating behaviors and depression levels of patients after bariatric surgery. The study was conducted at Fırat University Hospital General Surgery Outpatient Clinic between July 2018 and August 2019. The population of the study was 1,000 adult patients. The sample consisted of 278 patients determined by the power analysis. The Descriptive Characteristics Form was used to determine the descriptive characteristics of the patients, the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire to determine the patients' eating behaviors, and the Beck Depression Inventory to determine their depression levels. Data was gathered through face-to-face interviews at least 1 month after the surgery. The data was assessed using percent distribution, arithmetic mean, and Pearson's correlation analysis. The eating behaviors of the participants were found to be high (104.38 ± 10.29), while their depression levels were low (17.87 ± 7.71). It was determined that there was a positive and weak correlation between the patients' eating behaviors and depression levels, which was statistically significant (
r
= 0.190,
P
= 0.002). Consequently, it was determined that the eating behaviors of the patients improved, and their depression levels were low. Furthermore, as the patients' depression levels increased, so did their eating behaviors. To improve the mental health of patients after bariatric surgery, we must identify mental problems and develop solutions. We suggest that nurses plan training to help patients regulate their eating behaviors and reduce their depression levels.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2023;53(8):374–380.]
Identification of diagnostic biomarkers of gestational diabetes mellitus based on transcriptome gene expression and alternations of microRNAs
Authors: XIA Xuemei , HU Xuemei
Published: August 2023

Background

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), characterized by glucose intolerance during pregnancy, poses substantial health risks for both mothers and infants due to the interplay of insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Molecular biomarkers, including SNPs, microRNAs (miRNAs), and proteins, have been linked to GDM development during pregnancy. Notably, miRNA-mediated regulation of gene expression holds pivotal roles in metabolic disorders. This study aims to identify diagnostic biomarkers for GDM and establish a diagnostic model.

Methods

Firstly, gene expression data from GDM samples (N = 9) and normal samples (N = 9) were sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Subsequently, the limma package was employed to discern differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with subsequent functional and enrichment analyses executed using the clusterProfiler package. A comprehensive exploration of genes significantly correlated with GDM was undertaken via weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The construction of a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was facilitated by STRING, while visualization of hub genes was achieved through Cytoscape. Moreover, the miRNA-mRNA network was established using StarBase. Concurrently, immune infiltration significantly correlated with hub genes was identified.

Results

In this study, 209 DEGs between normal and GDM samples were identified, and these genes were associated with collagen containing extracellular matrix heparin binding and axon guidance, etc. Then, 18 modules were identified by WGCNA and the brown module including 212 genes had a significantly negative correlation with GDM (r = −0.66, P = 0.003). Additionally, five low gene expressions (CXCL12, MEF2C, MMP2, SOX17 and THBS2) and two high gene expressions (BMP4 and SFRP5) were identified as GDM related hub genes. Moreover, hub genes regulated by alternations of miRNAs were established and three hub genes (CXCL12, MEF2C and THBS2) were negatively correlated with activated Natural Killer (NK) cells while two hub genes (BMP4 and SFRP5) were positively correlated with activated NK cells.

Conclusions

This study offers novel hub genes that could contribute to the diagnostic approach for GDM, potentially shedding light on the intricate mechanisms underpinning GDM's developmental pathways.
On a partially synchronizable system for a coupled system of wave equations in one dimension
Authors: Li Yachun , Wang Chenmu
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we study a partially synchronizable system for a coupled system of wave equations with different wave speeds in the framework of classical solutions in one dimensional. A partially synchronizable system is defined as a system with at least one partial synchronized solutions. In fact, we cannot consider partial synchronization as the case that the system has the same wave speeds, because the influence of different wave speeds cause only some of the function in a given space being in a partially synchronized state, rather than all functions. Therefore, we can only consider under what conditions the coupled system can have partially synchronized solutions. We will consider it in two ways. On the one hand, under the necessary conditions, we obtain an unclosed characteristic equation associated with the partially synchronizable state. We add conditions to the wave speed matrix and coupling matrix to make the equation closed. From this, the characteristic function can be obtained, and all partially synchronized solutions are obtained; then we obtain the conditions under which the initial value should be satisfied. On the other hand, we consider a system of three variables first, where there are only two synchronized variables. By subtracting them to obtain a new variable, the problem can be transformed into the problem wherein the system that satisfies the new variable should have only zero solutions. Then solving this problem can lead to obtaining the conditions required for a partially synchronized solution. After extending it to the case of $ N $ variables, similar conclusions can be obtained.
Eigenvalues and eigenvectors for a hermitian gaussian operator: Role of the Schrödinger-Robertson uncertainty relation
Authors: Snider R. F.
Published: August 2023

The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a normalized gaussian operator do not seem to have been previously considered. I solve this problem for 1-dimensional translational systems. I also address the question as to whether a gaussian operator is a density operator. To answer that question, it is first necessary to be sure what conditions must be satisfied, so a short review of density operators is given. Since position and momentum do not commute in quantum mechanics, it is useful to start with the consequences of the noncommutation, which is generally the Schrödinger-Robertson uncertainty relation, which is also briefly reviewed. It is found that the question of whether a gaussian operator is a density operator is directly tied to this uncertainty relation. Since the Wigner function is the phase space representation of a translational density operator, it is natural to consider the gaussian phase space function associated with a gaussian operator and to compare the phase space and operator properties. Throughout such discussions, the independent parameters in these functions are the first and second moments of position and momentum. The application of this formalism to the free translation and spreading of a gaussian packet is given and shows the formal similarity between classical and quantum behavior, whereas the literature standardly only considers the pure state case (equivalent to a single wavefunction).