bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
India’s Innovation Policy: Current State and Features of the Indian Model
Authors: Shavlay E. P.
Published: December 2020

Purpose: this article analyzes India’s innovation development model. In this regard, the author aims to examine the current state of India's innovation policy as well as its features as one of the tools for solving the socio-economic problems of the state.

Methods: the author applies general scientific methods of logical analysis, comparison and generalization, as well as quantitative methods (graphical and tabular methods, and descriptive statistics). In addition, the article embraces a systematic approach that contributes to a holistic consideration of the research subject.

Results: the article provides an overview of the fundamental documents and projects of the state's innovation policy, studies India’s positions in world innovation ratings as well as notes the unique features of the Indian model of innovative development associated with the government strategy adjusted to the socio-economic, cultural and civilizational features of this country.

Conclusions and Relevance: the article addresses the distinguishing characteristics which have eventually become disadvantages of the existing system and touches upon the reasons that hinder the development of innovations and prevent the country from achieving tangible results in this domain. The author concludes that without systematic government support, appropriate staffing, and functioning triple helix model involving academia, industry, and government, the country's innovative development will be limited, and India will fail to address the ever-widening gap between grassroots and high-tech innovation sectors will continue to grow. Still, Russia may learn a lot from the Indian experience as it also aims at solving its “grand challenges”, including those of social and economic nature, by the means of innovations.
Strategic Directions of Digitalization for the Development of Employment in Small and Medium-sized Businesses
Authors: Dmitrieva O. V. , Antonenko R. I.
Published: December 2020

Purpose: this article identifies strategic directions for the development of digital infrastructure that affect the level of employment in the segments of small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation, including identifying opportunities and threats for their implementation.

Methods: the research involves the use of a complex of scientific methods – general (analysis, analysis, synthesis, comparison, comparison); econometric (tools of linear regression using the least squares method); elements of the strategy methodology of Professor V.L. Kvint (OTSWanalysis).

Results: the study examines China's experience in developing and integrating digital infrastructure into the economy. The impact of these system-forming transformations on employment in various business segments is considered. The current policy of the Russian Federation in the aspects of digital transformation and digitalization is analyzed. The results of the implementation of this policy and the consequences of its implementation in the Russian economy are studied. By constructing an econometric model, the strategic directions of digitalization have been identified, which determine employment in the segments of small and medium-sized businesses in the conditions of economic and technological realities. Based on the OTSW-analysis, the opportunities and threats posed by the digitalization process were considered in terms of their impact on small and medium-sized businesses and employment in these segments of the economy.

Conclusions and Relevance: the authors found that the most important strategic aspects of digitalization processes that directly affect the development of employment in the Russian segments of small and medium-sized businesses are: internal costs for research and development of digital solutions; the share of the population with access to the Internet; the absolute volume of investment in ICT. A clear understanding of the potential opportunities and threats of the planned strategic priorities will contribute to the effectiveness of the further development of the Russian digital infrastructure.
Kavramsal Bir Bunalımdan Çıkış Denemesi: Hak, Hakikat, Gerçeklik ve Doğruluk İlişkisi
Authors: ARVAS Hamdullah
Published: December 2020

Bilgi tasavvur ve tasdiklerden oluşmaktadır. Tasavvurların doğru aktarılması, kelimelerin vad‘olundukları anlamlara doğru bir şekilde bağlanması ile mümkündür. Fakat dil ve kültür farklılığı, dilin zamana ve zemine göre değişen bir olgu olması ile bilgi ve muhakeme kusurları, zaman içinde bazı kelimelerin lafız ve mana irtibatının tahrip etmiştir. Bu durum kelimelerin dayandığı dil, düşünce ve varlık irtibatını koparmıştır. Böylece insanların düşünce dünyasında kavramsal çöküşler meydana gelmiştir. Bunun en somut örneği hak ve hakikat kelimelerinde gözlenmektedir. Araştırmada belirtildiği üzere günümüzde bu kelimelerin Arapça aslını bilmeyen veya bunları göz ardı eden birçok insan bu kelimelere, kendi anadilinde yüklediği anlamların sınırları içinde düşünmektedir. Böylece hak ile hakikat arasındaki anlam farkı göz ardı edilmektedir. Hakikat kelimesi ise bir tarafta gerçeklikten yüce görülmekte öte yandan doğruluk kavramı ile özdeşleştirilerek kullanılmaktadır. Bazı araştırmacılar da felsefî içeriğinden dolayı gerçekliğin hakikatle eşitlenmesine karşı çıkmakta, hatta okuyucuların bu durumu yazarın dilinin eksikliğine verip gerçeklik sözcüğünü, hakikatin Türkçe’si gibi düşünmelerini yadırgamaktadır. Bu tespitlerle tasarlanmış çalışmamızda hak, hakikat, gerçeklik ve doğruluk kavramları arasındaki aynılık, benzerlik ve başkalık ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırmada belirtildiği üzere hak kelimesi sahip olduğu metafiziksel anlam katmanından dolayı hakikat kelimesinden daha kapsamlıdır. “Hakikat” ve “gerçeklik” kelimeleri ise varlıksal nitelikler olup farklı dillere ait anlamdaş sözcüklerdir. Bilgisel değer bakımından hak kelimesinin delâlet ettiği anlamlardan biri olan sıdk kavramı da, doğruluk manasında olup bulunuşu hak olan şeylere uygunluk ciheti iledir.
The Processing of Speech Formulas on Turkish: A Masked Priming Study
Authors: GÖYMEN Dilek , AYGÜNEŞ Mehmet
Published: December 2020

Studies have indicated that formulaic sequences are processed significantly faster than newly created phrases; however, the source of this processing advantage has not been sufficiently investigated in the literature. The Holistic Approach justifies this processing advantage for formulaic sequences with the argument that they are processed and stored as single units without being decomposed into their constituents. On the contrary, Distributed Representation argues against holistic processing. It proposes instead that formulaic sequences are processed through their parts as in novel non-formulaic phrases. Their constituents form a mutual association in the sense that the mental activation of a component part activates the other, thus leading to faster processing. The present study reports findings from a masked priming experiment investigating Turkish speech formulas' online processing in native processing. Results show that speech formulas and their matched novel phrases are processed similarly, as evidenced by no significant difference in reaction times. These findings support Distributed Representation in the processing of formulaic sequences. Results also suggest that non-transparent formulas are processed more slowly than transparent ones.
El tiempo fantástico en la literatura latinoamericana del siglo XX y su transmutación al soporte gráfico del cómic
Authors: Ríos Esmeralda
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo propone al soporte físico como estructura narrativa partiendo del concepto de cronotopo literario –relación espacio-tiempo con intención estética en la literatura– de Mijaíl Bajtín y el contraste con la literatura latinoamericana del siglo XX. Si bien el tiempo en la narrativa gráfica se encuentra en la representación visual del espacio, analizado por Linden, Barbieri, McCloud, entre otros, mi premisa es que el tiempo en dicha narrativa realmente habita en los espacios en blanco entre viñetas y plantea el análisis del soporte en el cómic y la posibilidad de experimentar con él para profundizar en el discurso narrativo –a la vez que sugiere un clasificado con base en su alteración–. La propuesta es la transmutación de dichos espacios blancos en suajes, fuelles, desplegables y otros recursos que devengan en un formato/soporte alternativo para lograr una percepción temporal distinta en el lector, y así mismo, darle la sensación de ser co-creador del relato; a su vez, dicha alteración del soporte narrativo convencional se traducirá en tiempo fantástico. Esta concepción de los soportes gráficos puede incidir también en nuevos esquemas editoriales y en un tipo de lector distinto.
Cómics y álbumes ilustrados sobre Federico García Lorca: obra y vida ¿gay?
Authors: Soler-Quílez Guillermo
Published: December 2020

Este trabajo pretende abordar las diferentes obras biográficas sobre el poeta Federico García Lorca en versión ilustrada. Serán analizados los álbumes ilustrados de de Díaz Plaza y Bayes, Navarro y Vila, López Narváez, Gibson y Zavala y Rodríguez y Sánchez y Casas y las versiones de cómic de Hernández y El Torres, Javierre y Cabrera, Esquembre, Gibson y Palomo y Martín Segarra. Se dirige la mirada hacia el modo en que ha sido tratada la homosexualidad del poeta, para poner en evidencia, las posibilidades didácticas de estas obras en las aulas tanto de primaria como de secundaria y bachillerato, con el fin de introducir y familiarizar al alumnado de la figura del poeta granadino, pero también para introducir el tema de la homosexualidad. Un tema que a pesar de los avances legislativos, sigue siendo un tabú en las escuelas, es por ello que la pedagogía queer defiende la necesidad de introducir en el discurso educativo la realidad que viven las personas LGTBQ. Estudiar la vida de Lorca, lo que incluye su homosexualidad, facilita la posibilidad de introducir la diversidad afectivo-sexual y de género. De esta manera se consigue cuestionar algunos de los estereotipos y las ideas preconcebidas que todavía siguen vigentes en las escuelas.
ULUSLARARASI HUKUK PERSPEKTİFİNDEN 2011 SONRASI DÖNEMDE LİBYA’DA DE FACTO REJİM VE YENİ HÜKÜMETİN TANINMASI SORUNU
Authors: TAŞDEMİR Fatma
Published: December 2020

Bir devletin toprakları üzerinde belli bir derecede etkin otorite icra eden

birimler de facto rejim olarak isimlendirilmektedir. Günümüzde de facto

rejimlerin uluslararası hukuk açısından statüleri ve hukuksal kişilikleri

belirsizdir. De facto rejimler devletin resmi hükümetini güç kullanarak

ve anayasal olmayan yöntemlerle değiştirdikleri için uluslararası barış

ve güvenliğe önemli tehditler yöneltmektedirler. Uluslararası toplum

de facto hükümet ve de facto devlet sorununa “tanıma” metodu ile yanıt

vermektedir. Hükümetlerin tanınması iç savaş, devrim ve darbe gibi

durumlarda devletlerin anayasalarına ve uluslararası hukuka aykırı

yollarla iktidarın değişmesi halinde önem taşımaktadır. Bu olağanüstü

hallerde devletler geleneksel olarak yeni bir hükümeti tanımak için

“etkinlik” ilkesine başvurmuşlardır. Bir devle􀄴 eki içsel ve dışsal açıdan

etkin olan birimlere de jure hükümet statüsü tanınırken, içsel veya

dışsal açıdan etkin olmayan farklı birimlere her iki tanıma da ayrı ayrı

verilmiştir. 2011 sonrası dönemde Libya örneği devlet uygulamasında

etkin kontrol ilkesinin istisnasız mutlak bir ilke olmadığını kanıtlamıştır.

Halk desteğinin olması, uluslararası toplum tarafından yaygın tanınma,

uluslararası barış ve istikrarın sağlanması gibi faktörlerin daha çok önem

kazandığını göstermektedir. Kaddafi sonrası dönemde Libya’da yaşanan

çok-hükümetlilik sorunu Türkiye’nin Doğu Akdeniz’deki hak ve çıkarları

açısından önem taşımaktadır.
ALMAN CEZA İNFAZ HUKUKUNUN ESASLARI
Authors: YERDELEN Erdal
Published: December 2020

Alman infaz hukukunda eyalet kanunlarının birleştirilerek federal

bir infaz kanunu yapılması, uzun yıllar devam eden bilimsel çalışmanın

ürünüdür. Alman İnfaz Kanunu, infazın idari işlemlerle devam

etmesinin hukuk devleti ilkesine uymayacağı gerçeğine dayanmaktadır.

Bu husus, Alman İnfaz Kanunu Gerekçesi’nde yer almıştır. Cezanın

ve infazın amacı Alman İnfaz Hukukunun temelini oluşturmaktadır.

Cezanın belirlenmesi ve infazın planlanması bu amaca uygun olmalıdır.

Hükümlüyü, ceza infaz kurumundaki yaşama alıştırmamak gerekir. Bu

nedenle infazın gevşetilmesi, hükümlüyü sosyal hayata hazırlama ve

yeniden suç işlemesinin önlenmesi amacıyla infaz hassas planlanmalıdır.

İnfaz kurumunda kaldığı sürece mahkûm için en önemli husus, onun

mutlaka bir işinin olması ve çalışmasıdır.
Business Process Maturity Models Research: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Kalinowski T. Bartosz
Published: December 2020

Business Process Maturity can be defined as the „degree of explicit definition, management, measurement, control and effectiveness” of organisational processes (Humphrey, 1987, p. 1- 13) or their ability to systematically provide better business results (McCormack, Johnson, 2001, p. 12). The practical implementation of the above concept is reflected trough Business Process Maturity Models (BPMMs). They have been designed in order to enable companies to shift their business process management from „as-is” state, where process are undefined and underperforming to a desired „to-be” state, in which processes are being continuously improved. The available literature proofs that many review papers on BPMMs, in particular those issued before 2010 lacks an extensive set of systematic literature review or analysis criteria. For example, the authors didn’t pay attention whether the analysed models focused on a single process, a specific group of processes or all organisational processes. Often, there was also no distinction between organisational and process maturity, which appeared in the analysed models as separate concepts, or different types of maturity (e.g. process, project, supply chain, etc.). Some systematic attempts for analysing BPMMs were undertaken by e.g. A. Van Looy (2010, p. 687-697), M. Rosemann and J. vom Brocke (2010, pp 105-122), as well as M. Röglinger, J. Pöppelbuß and J. Becker (2012, p. 328-346), however still significant limitation of these research can be enumerated. As a result of the identified research gap, this papers aims at performing a systematic literature review based on transparent and sound criteria. The paper is divided into three main parts. The first part (introduction) focuses on presenting briefly the „state-of-the-art” regarding the Business Process Maturity Models research. The second part provides insights into the methodology of performing the systematic literature review. Finally, the last part of the paper discusses the results of the performed study and resulting conclusions.
Preserving the Uniqueness of English Teaching at Early Childhood Education: Teacher Perspectives
Authors: Harmanto Bambang
Published: December 2020

The way of early childhood (ECE) teachers in introducing English to their students often seems to be unique. With a limited knowledge and skill, they have to be competent English practioners. The learning outcome migh not be optimal as the parents expected. The writer has raised questions regarding what early chilhood teachers should know and the skills they need to teach English in early chilhood education. This identified need was able to be the basic consideration to help the early childhood teachers have capacity of teaching appropriately. The researcher findings drwn on the questionnaire distributed to 31 early eduaction teachers in Ponorogo. Data findings showed that eventhough their education backgrounds were not suitable with the subject they teach, they will welcome conveniently the offerred breakthrough. They were open to receive any programs to enhance their capacities of teaching skills and attributes they require or knowledge they need..
110 years of the Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty of the N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University: from the cradle to the XXI century
Authors: Paunova Svetlana S. , Ulanova Anzela V. , Smirnova Galina I.
Published: December 2020

The article presents the 110-year history of the Department of pediatrics of the medical faculty of the N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University from its approval at the medical faculty of the Moscow Higher Women’s Courses to the present time. A brief overview of the activities of outstanding Russian pediatricians who led the Department determined its scientific and pedagogical significance in the history of Russian Pediatrics and the development of children’s health in the country, the tradition of scientific pediatric schools. The role of the Department’s scientific student circle in the formation of a young pediatrician is shown. The staff of the Department of pediatrics of the medical faculty of the N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University celebrates the 110th anniversary of new scientific advances, improves and optimize their teaching activities in training of medical staff.
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: A Systematic Literature Review of Prevention and Intervention Programs for Mental Health Difficulties in Children and Young People
Authors: Harris Emma , Samuel Victoria
Published: December 2020

Background

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is increasingly being used to treat mental health difficulties, however there is a paucity of reviews concerning ACT with children.

Aim

To examine the literature about ACT interventions for child and adolescent mental well-being.

Methods

Searches for articles reporting on ACT interventions to prevent/reduce child mental health difficulties were undertaken. Methodological quality was assessed and a narrative synthesis was used to summarize findings about mental health symptoms and psychological flexibility.

Results

Ten articles were identified focusing on prevention and intervention for anxiety, depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, anorexia nervosa, and trichotillomania. Most studies found that mental health symptoms reduced following an ACT intervention and psychological flexibility increased. However, findings indicate that other active interventions also led to the same changes.

Conclusions

ACT is a promising intervention for adolescent mental health, although further research is needed to establish whether reductions in mental health symptoms are due to an increase in psychological flexibility.
Relationships Between CSA Characteristics, Waiting Time, and Psychotherapy Treatment Response
Authors: Arnoud Thaís de Castro Jury , de Freitas Clarissa Pinto Pizarro , Koller Sílvia Helena , Habigzang Luísa Fernanda
Published: December 2020

Child sexual abuse (CSA) can cause negative outcomes on cognitive, emotional, physical, and social development of the victims. A significant amount of symptoms related to CSA can be minimized or even treated with professional interventions. Thereby, it is important to examine factors related to treatment response. This article aimed to identify the relationships between CSA characteristics (abuse form, age, relationship with the offender, context, and frequency), waiting time for psychotherapy, and treatment response. Zero-order correlation analysis and network analysis were performed. The analyses called the attention to two important aspects: victims' perception of guilt and waiting time for treatment. In conclusion, these results show that it is crucial to prioritize the development of guilt-related interventions on the treatment of CSA victims. Additionally, it also demonstrates that the immediate psychological care after the disclosure of the abuse can contribute for impact minimization of this experience on children and adolescents.
Victimization Experiences and Well-Being in Adulthood: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ferreira Célia , Magalhães Eunice , Antunes Carla , Camilo Cláudia
Published: December 2020

Scientific research has explored the impact of violence during adulthood on psychopathology. Fewer efforts have been made from a positive theoretical framework, and no systematic evidence has been provided. This manuscript describes a literature review and meta-analysis on the relationship between victimization experiences and well-being in adulthood. A literature review was performed, and 27 studies met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review 16 for the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis yielded a medium and significant overall effect size (r = −0.309, p < .001), which indicated that greater victimization experiences partly explain lower well-being outcomes. A set of theoretical and methodological issues are discussed, specifically considering the conceptualization of victimization and well-being as well as the studies design, sample characteristics, measures, and data analysis. Derived from this integrative discussion, some recommendations are also provided for future research.
Pennsylvania Workplace Safety: Employee Perceptions of Active Shooter Preparedness
Authors: Wallace Lacey N.
Published: December 2020

This study investigated the role of workplace preparedness actions in employee perceptions of workplace risk, workplace preparedness, and personal self-efficacy in an active shooter event. Data were drawn from an online, state representative survey of 668 Pennsylvania residents in 2019. Nearly 40% of employees reported their workplaces had not taken any preparedness actions. Having a workplace take a greater number of preparedness actions was associated with increased self-efficacy and increased perceptions of workplace preparedness, but also an increase in perceived risk. Males and gun owners perceived lower levels of workplace risk and reported substantially higher self-efficacy. However, associations between workplace efforts and self-efficacy differed from those for perceived workplace preparedness. Associations with firearm policy and the presence of security staff also differed for the two outcomes.
Библиотека на сцени: Развој визије Градске библиотеке Чачак као места окупљања заједнице у 2019. години
Authors: Трифуновић Богдан , Радуловић Марија
Published: December 2020

Рад приказује иновативне програме и активности Градске библиотеке у Чачку који су реализовани кроз партнерство са широм друштвеном заједницом, као основом развоја нове визије Библиотеке чије је гесло „Библиотека на сцени”. Нова зграда Библиотеке, отворена у марту 2019. године, у тежњи да постане центар окупљања локалне заједнице и тако прошири своје капацитете, промовисана је на атрактиван и неуобичајен начин кроз две активности. То су били програми „Буди наша најјача карика: преселимо библиотеку заједно” и „Ко некад у осам: Дом ЈНА и забава у Чачку”, којима је зграда дошла у поље интересовања појединаца који раније нису користили услуге Библиотеке. Наведени програми су организовани у функцији развоја нове визије Библиотеке и интензивније сарадње са појединцима, удружењима, организацијама итд. То је довело до пораста броја активних чланова установе, бројније публике на осталим програмима и знатно веће присутности установе у јавном и медијском простору локалне заједнице.
Мотив читања на плакатима с краја 19. века у Дигиталним збиркама Њујоршке јавне библиотеке
Authors: Јовин Јелена
Published: December 2020

У ери дигитализације, све већа количина грађе постаје доступна корисницима на вебу. Сходно томе, за потребе прикупљања материјала током приређивања изложбе, припреме предавања, истраживања историје неког народа, живота одређеног сликара, писања блога или постовања твита, неопходне илустрације, фотографије или рукописи могу се потражити на неком од портала са дигитализованом грађом попут Еуропеане, Дигиталне јавне библиотеке Америке и многих других. Овај рад има за циљ да прикаже ток претраживања одабране теме и грађе мотива читања на плакатима на порталу Дигиталних збирки Њујоршке јавне библиотеке, с обзиром на то да је део грађе јавно доступан. Поред многобројних могућности коришћења и дељења грађе за кориснике портала, указано је и на потешкоће у њеном претраживању. Сврха рада је да се из угла библиотекара као корисника, читаоцима приближи функционисање једног портала са дигитализованом грађом, укаже на проблематику њене обраде, видљивости и досупности, као и да подстакне библиотекаре да осмисле идеје и решења за израду што привлачнијих, прегледнијих и кориснику прилагођених портала.
Khashāish Ta’līm al-Lughah al-‘Arabiyyah bi Asās adz-Dzukāāt al-Muta’addidah bil-Madrasah al-Ibtidāiyyah al-Islāmiyyah al-‘Ilmiyyah Insan Mandiri Cendikia Palembang
Authors: Thohir YUNIAR
Published: December 2020

يهدف هذا البحث لتحليل خصائص تعليم اللغة العربية على أساس الذكاءات المتعددة. تعبر الباحثة إلى : 1) معرفة إعداد تعليم اللغة العربية على أساس الذكاءات المتعددة، 2) معرفة تقديم المادة في تعليم اللغة العربية على أساس الذكاءات، 3) معرفة تقويم في تعليم اللغة العربية العربية على أساس الذكاءات المستخدمة في هذا البحث هو المنهج الوصفي ومدخل كيفي باستخدام طريقط جمع البيانات من خلال الملاحظة، مقابلة، التوثيقي. أما أسلوب تحليل البيانات باستخدام تقليل البيانات، و عرض البيانات، و الاستنتاج.

نتائج من هذا البحث: يوضح أن إعداد تعلم اللغة العربية يتكون من مرحلتين: الأولى ، التعرف على ذكاء التلاميذ من خلال إجراء اختبار MIR ونظام OKS(ملاحظة إستعدات التلاميذ) والثانية، إعداد خطط الدروس التي تمت كتابتها وجعلها المدرس في واحدة مجموعة كتب RPP من الغريب حتى الفصل الدراسي الثاني. تشمل الجوانب الواردة في خطة تنفيذ تعليم التغطية (الكفاءات الأساسية) والمؤشرات والموضوعات وأنشطة التعلم والمواد ومصادر التعلم. في التقديم للتعلم تم القيام بأنشطة التقدير والتحفيز على أساس الذكاءات المتعددة. هذه الأنشطة هي في شكل مناطق ألفا (alfa zona) أكثر دفئا ((warmer من خلال تكرار التعلم الذي تم تدريسه في الاجتماع السابق، ما قبل تدريس (pre-(teach إعطاء شرح مبدئي لمسار عملية التعلم وأخيراً إعدادات المشهد ((scene setting الأنشطة التي يتم تنفيذها من خلال توفير مفهوم أولي لمواد التعلم مثل سرد القصص الألعاب وشئ اخر. في هذه الأنشطة. في هذه الأنشطة ، يتم تيسير التلاميذ للتعلم باستخدام هذه الذكاءات الثمانية. الذكاءات الثمانية لا تتم في وقت واحد يتم تقويم التعلم بطريقة أصيل باستخدام ثلاثة مجالات، هي: 1) المعرف عن طريق استخدام الاختبارات الشفوية والمكتوبة والواجبات ، 2) العاطافي، من خلال الملاحظة ، 3) الحركي النفسي مع المهام والممارسة.

الكلمات الأساسية : خصائص, تعليم اللغة العربية ,الذكاءات المتعددة
Ta’līm Mahārah al-Istima’ li Thullāb Ghair an-Nāthiqīn bil-‘Arabiyyah fi al-Madrasah ats-Tsānawiyyah
Authors: Jubaidah Siti
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine how the implementation of listening learning for students who are non native speakers at the Madrasah Aliyah, and whether the factors that influence the differences in the implementation of listening learning for non-native students at the Madrasah Aliyah. This research is a qualitative descriptive study by describing the implementation of listening learning for non-native students at Madrasah Aliyah. The subjects of the study were Arabic Madrasah Aliyah teachers and students in Malang, East Java Regency. Data collection techniques in this study were interviews and observations. From this research, it is known that the implementation of listening learning for non-native speakers at Madrasah Aliyah level is divided into 3 categories, which are always applied, often applied, and sometimes applied. Each of these categories includes learning objective, material, method, media, and evaluation. Factors that influence the differences in the implementation of learning are differences in teacher creativity, material; media, evaluation; and limited facilities.

Keywords: Listening Learning; non-native students; Madrasah Aliyah
Tahlīl al-Khitāb at-Tahdzīb al-Lughawi fi Āyāt al-Ad’iyyah (Dirāsah Tadāwuliyah Qur’āniyyah)
Authors: Istiqomah Himatul
Published: December 2020

إن في المعاشرة بين الناس استخدام اللغة كألة الاتصال. وإن فيها إيجاد المبادئ في استخدام اللغة، إحداها هي مبدأ التهذيب. وكان بعض المذاهب لهذا المبدأ، منها جيوفرائي نيل ليتش. وهو مشهور بمبدإه عن التهذيب اللغوي له ست المسلمات: وهي مسلمة اللباقة والسخاء والاستحسان والتواضع والاتفاق ومسلمة الود. ومن خلال البحث الكيفي المكتبي يهدف هذا البحث لتحليل مسلمات التهذيب الموجودة في آيات الأدعية لإيجاد تمثيل التهذيب الأعلى والأنقى والأخلص فيها، لأنها من المعاملة بين الناس وخالقه تعالى. وتدل نتائج هذا البحث أن في آيات الأدعية التي تم بحثها هنا مسلّمتين للتهذيب، الاستحسان والتواضع. فلذلك، يمكن استفادة هاتين مسلمتين في المعاشرة بين الناس، خاصة في صياغ الاستدعاء والطلب.
Natural stone in the architectural design of Syktyvkar: history, conservation and restoration
Authors:   Institute of Geology FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Àstakhova I.S. , Zhdanova L.R.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the use of natural stone in the architecture of Syktyvkar. The history of the use of facing and rubble stone in the construction of the city is given. The main types of rocks are diagnosed and their deposits are indicated. Data on the state of monuments is provided.
The Regional Specifics of the Development of a Civil Society in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic
Authors: Atlaskirov Albert R.
Published: December 2020

In this article, which was compiled with financial support from a Russian Federation presidential grant for supporting young scientists (grant MK-2488.2019.6), examines the regional specifics of developing civil society values in one of Russia’s subjects – the Kabardha-Balkar Republic. The issues and specifics of developing a civil society is one of the most relevant topics for social sciences in modern-day Russia. There are still arguments to this day between those who support European integration and joining the Western world and advocates of Russia being its own civilization. Our country’s socio-cultural characteristics imply significant regional diversity in the development of a civil society. Expert reports prepared by various research centers note that civil society values tend to be more prominent in the country’s more economically developed regions. Citizens create and actively partake in the activities of public organizations, they propagate charity work, and actively protect their own rights. Meanwhile in the less advanced regions, civil society is not as well developed. In this article, the author examines the issues in question based on the example of one of Russia’s regions which possesses its own substantial cultural specificity. The methodological underpinnings for the study are based on a systemic and interdisciplinary approach. The study was conducted by means of questionnaire survey method. The sample size amounted to 550 people. In terms of geography, all municipalities of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic were covered, including remote and hard to reach highland areas (Chereksky, Zolsky, Elbrussky districts). During the study, it was revealed that residents of Kabardino-Balkaria would more often resort to assistance from their relatives or to corrupt dealings in order to solve their problems. At the same time help from public organizations, law enforcement and the judicial system are sought after by a much smaller proportion of citizens, which might speak to the population bearing a relatively low level of legal awareness. Despite the fact that the republic’s youth came of age in post-Soviet Russia, which was being modeled after democratic nations, this socio-demographical population group demonstrates a higher level of social apathy and disapproval for civil society values than the region’s population does on average.
Who is set against migrants in Russia? Analyzing certain socio-demographic characteristics
Authors: Mastikova Nataliya S. , Fadeev Pavel V.
Published: December 2020

This article analyzes the connection between the socio-demographic characteristics (gender, age, education level, type of settlement, marital status) and attitudes towards migrants of the Russian people. The authors point out that, throughout the course of a decade (2006-2016), over 60% of respondents were negatively assessing the changes occurring in our country due to immigrant presence, which actualizes the need to study the group which bears the utmost negative attitude, with it being considered a latent threat to the stability of society. Based on analyzing contemporary scientific research, we know that in most studies socio-demographic variables are used in regression models, though they are introduced into equations with no initial theoretical assumptions – so any results attained are not discussed, but merely acknowledged. Thus, we have identified that the results of studies of the connection between socio-demographic characteristics and respondents’ attitudes towards migrants are controversial and largely dependent on factors of context (such as the country under examination, its cultural and historical specifics). Based on data from the European social survey (2018), while using a decision tree technique (CHAID), the connection between socio-demographic characteristics and attitudes towards migrants is analyzed with the goal of determining those groups of Russians that hold the most contempt for migrants. As it turns out, such a group is represented by women aged 60-69 with basic secondary education, residing in large cities or their suburbs. An assumption is made about this group of the population possibly being influenced by mass media, which is escalating an “immigration panic”. Overall the analysis shows that the connection between socio-demographic characteristics and attitudes towards migrants is not a constant pattern. The results and vector of this connection change depending on the year when the study was conducted, on the context, the political situation, as well as other factors. The only exception being the connection between education level and attitude towards immigrants: in all of the examined studies a high level of education was invariably associated with a positive attitude towards migrants. In conclusion, the potential of qualitative methods was assessed – them being a viable option for further studying the topic – as well as the media’s role in shaping the image of immigrants in the public mind.
The population’s potential for subjectness in regards to national projects
Authors: Merzlykov Andrey A.
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to evaluating the population’s potential for subjectness in regards to implementing national projects, in other words – the people’s willingness to act in the name of contributing to their implementation: so this is not just a matter of agreeing with any goals and tasks that are laid out, but actively participating in achieving them. The empirical material for this study is based on the results of the first (pilot) stage of an RSF research project titled “Academic project: handling processes associated with social group formation in regions with varying levels of socio-cultural modernization, support from the population of development strategies for the Russian Federation up to 2024”.

This article presents a scientific interpretation of the population’s subjectness from the position of sociology of management. According to the author, the main point of studying subjectness was to determine and examine means of building relationships between subjects, with the intention to collaborate in resolving those issues which bear significance to said subjects. The population’s subjectness is characterized by the interactions between society and authorities, where for society it is vital to have the ability to self-organize as a full-fledged social subject, while for authorities the important component would be to create the conditions for a constructive dialog.

The results of the study indicate that society does possess a certain potential for subjectness, and the willingness to actively support national projects. Certain group formational indicators for developing subjectness within the population were identified, of the socio-mental, socio-structural and behavioral variety. Its resource base is assessed, with it being characterized by a high degree of self-organization, an active civic stance, considerable experience in management and sufficient administrative authority.

The study analyzes the established public attitudes when it comes to collaborating with authorities in discussing national projects. It is noted that the attitudes of active groups of the population mostly tend to be functional (constructive) in nature, as opposed to dysfunctional (destructive), with them being oriented towards cooperating with authorities in the name of successfully implementing any planned national projects.
Major renovations of apartment complexes: Russian people’s projective attitudes and behavior practices
Authors: Ermishina Anna V. , Klimenko Lyudmila V.
Published: December 2020

This article analyzes the Russian people’s projective attitudes and behavior practices when it comes to participating in the funding and organizing of major renovations of apartment buildings. The empirical base for the study consists of data from sociological surveys conducted by VCIOM (2015-2020), the Institute of Sociology of the RAS (2003-2019), FOM (2015), Levada Center (2019), The European Social Survey (2016, 2018), as well as the authors’ own expert interviews conducted in 2020. The need to ensure the safety of housing, the complexity and high cost of renovations is a reasonable explanation for government interference in this sector. Russia’s housing legislature assigns responsibility for maintaining and renovating common property to apartment owners, while also stipulating a funding procedure for major renovations based on deposits made by property owners. The system currently in place in Russia for funding and organizing major renovations, which implies the existence of both a “common reserve” and “special accounts” for regulated property owner contributions (that resemble a tax), is far from perfect, it being associated with such issues as a lack of funding, low quality of major renovations, susceptibility to corruption, owners having insufficient control when it comes to decision making. While analyzing material from all-Russian and regional empirical studies, the gap becomes evident between projective attitudes and the actual behavior of Russian people in the realm of major renovations. Despite a marked critical attitude when it comes to evaluating utility service quality, not to mention the “common reserve” model (which is a way of pulling together funds for major renovations and keeping them on the regional operator’s account) being regarded as socially unjust, nevertheless property owners demonstrate a low degree of civic self-organization and meager capability when it comes to taking collective action (as in participating in apartment complex meetings to discuss major renovations, creating and transferring money to dedicated accounts, keeping track of the major renovation process etc.). The reasons why property owners are so slow to develop any efficiency largely lie in the specifics of the institutional collective decision-making environment in regards to the funding and execution of local public property renovation, which also includes major renovations of apartment buildings.
Review of a monograph titled “Thank great grandfather for the victory... Material from stage 4 of a monitoring survey titled “Students of modern Russia on the Great Patriotic War”
Authors: Seniutkina Olga N.
Published: December 2020

This article is a review of a collective monograph titled “Thank great grandfather for the victory... Material from stage 4 of a monitoring survey titled “Students of modern Russia on the Great Patriotic War” (2005-2010-2015-2020)/ Ed. by Y.R. Vishnevsky. Ministry of science and higher education of the Russian Federation. Ekaterinburg: Ural University publ. 2020., 325 p. It is dedicated to studying how students in modern day Russia perceive the events of the Great Patriotic War, which is very much relevant in a time when patriotism is becoming one of the conceptual dominants in the political agenda.

There is really no need to prove the relevance of the work in question. Over time different generations lose touch with each other, the opportunity for young people to directly communicate with those who actually witnessed the events of the war slowly vanishes. Given these conditions, the scientific community needs to develop a research approach that would be sound from a methodological point of view in order to expand on the topic of preserving the historical memory of the Great Patriotic War.

The reviewer insists that the monograph in question is a worthy contribution to the sociological study of the issue of preserving historical memory. The conclusions drawn by the authors of the monograph may be used in order to get a better grasp on methods of education.
Growing Media in Organic Seedling Production
Authors: TÜZEL Yüksel , ÖZTEKİN Gölgen , TÜZEL İ.hakkı , DUYAR Hale
Published: December 2020

Vegetable seedlings are produced in specialized commercial nurseries. Peat is the most common growing medium used in seedling production. In organic agriculture, organic seeds and plant material should be used according to the EU Regulation No 834/2007. However, there is no restriction in the use of peat in the growing media in the Regulation although there is a comment on peat as a limited natural resource and restriction of its use with the approach of sustainability of organic agriculture. In fact, Bio Suisse Standards recommends restricting the use of peat for the cultivation of planting material no more than 70% peat. Thus, during the last two decades many researches have been conducted on the use different by-products or compost alone or as a part of a mixture as peat substitute. This review aims to bring the researches on peat alternatives in organic seedling production and their effects on different vegetable crops.
Modernisation of type RU1 axles with the objective of assuring their further use
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, Fedorov I. V. , Vorob’ev A. A. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, Konograi O. A. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University
Published: December 2020

Objective: Development of proposals for modernization of old-type RU1 type axles for their further use. Methods: Structural analysis method was applied. Results: Proposals on further use of old-type RU1 type axles and expanding their operating life. Practical importance: The proposed modernization would permit expanding the use of old-type RU1 axles after modernization with new face bearing retention and reducing the demand for new axles which would contribute to reduction of axle defi cit in overall repair of wheel pairs.
International Students’ Communication Adaptation to Academic Environment in the United Kingdom
Authors: Aisha Sarah , Mulyana Deddy
Published: December 2020

As part of globalization with the greater ease of communication and transportation technology, the number of international students studying overseas, especially non-Westerners who study in Western countries such as the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom, and Australia, has increased over the years. This research explores the challenges international students faced in the Master's Programs in their adaptation to the new academic environment in the United Kingdom. The researchers used phenomenology as a theoretical perspective by taking into account the U-curve model of intercultural adaptation. This study employed a qualitative method by interviewing six female international students. Based on the research findings, the international students found challenges in adapting to the new academic environment in the United Kingdom. The challenges incorporated a lack of language skills to master study skills, besides difficulties in building relationships and making friends.
DETERMINAN EFISIENSI PERBANKAN DI INDONESIA (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA BANK UMUM SYARIAH DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2012-2018)
Authors: Wulandari Sri Farhatin , Ryandono Muh. Nafik Hadi
Published: December 2020

ABSTRAKEfisiensi merupakan salah satu indikator penting dalam mengukur kinerja keseluruhan dari aktivitas perbankan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Financing to Deposito Ratio (FDR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), dan Bank Size terhadap Efisiensi Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia periode 2012-2018 yang diproksikan melalui Beban Operasional Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO). Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis regresi data panel menggunakan alat statistik Eviews 9.0. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling sehingga menghasilkan sampel sebanyak 11 Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan variabel Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Financing to Deposito Ratio (FDR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), dan Bank Size berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Efisiensi Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia periode 2012-2018. Selanjutnya, secara parsial Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), berpengaruh negative dan signifikan, Financing to Deposito Ratio (FDR) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan, Net Interest Margin (NIM) berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan, dan Bank Size berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap efisiensi perbankan syariah.Kata Kunci: Efisiensi, CAR, FDR, NIM, Bank Size, Bank Syariah. ABSTRACTEfficiency is an important indicator in measuring the overall performance of banking activities. This study aimed to determine the effect of the variable Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Bank Size on the Efficiency of Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia for the period 2012-2018, proxied through Operational Income Operational Expenses (BOPO). The method used was a quantitative method with panel data regression analysis techniques using statistical tools Eviews 9.0.  The data were secondary data with purposive sampling technique to produce a sample of 11 Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia. The results of this study showed that simultaneously the variables of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Bank Size had a significant effect on the Efficiency of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia for the period 2012-2018. Furthermore, partially Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) had a negative and significant effect, Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) had a positive and significant effect, Net Interest Margin (NIM) had a positive and insignificant effect, and Bank Size had a negative and significant effect on Sharia banking efficiency.Keywords: Efficiency, CAR, FDR, NIM, Bank Size, Sharia Bank.
Revisiting the Mechanism Behind the Similar Size of Slums
Authors: Friesen John , Hartig Jakob , Pelz Peter F.
Published: December 2020

Worldwide, about one in eight people live in slums. Empirical studies based on satellite data have identified that the size distributions of this type of settlement are similar in different cities of the Global South. Based on these results, we developed a model describing the formation of slums with a Turing mechanism, in which patterns are created by diffusion-driven instability and the inherent characteristic length of the system is independent of boundary conditions. We examine the model in this paper by critically reflecting its assumptions, comparing them with recent empirical observations and discussing possible adjustments and future extensions based on new methods of identifying pattern formation mechanisms.