bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemeriksaan Jamur Candida Sp Pada Rongga Mulut Lansia Di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Budi Mulia 1 Cipayung Jakarta Timur
Authors: Geni Lenggo , Winita Rawina , Istiqomah Anita Astuti
Published: September 2020

Candida adalah anggota flora normal terutama saluran pencernaan, juga selaput mukosa saluran pernafasan, vagina, uretra, kulit dan dibawah jari-jari kuku tangan dan kaki. Di tempat-tempat ini ragi dapat menjadi dominan dan menyebabkan keadaan-keadaan patologik ketika daya tahan tubuh menurun baik secara lokal maupun sistemik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persentase keberadaan jamur Candida sp pada rongga mulut lansia .Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Biakan yang ditanam pada media SDA dan dibaca secara Makroskopis, dan Mikroskopis yang dilakukan pada 62 sampel Swab rongga mulut lansia di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Budi Mulia 1 Cipayung Jakarta Timur. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Dari hasil pemeriksaan makroskopis dan mikroskopis yang hasilnya didapat berdasarkan persentase keberadaan jamur Candida sp yang tumbuh pada media SDA+.Hasil penelitian dari 62 sampel didapatkan 34 (54,9%) sampel positif Candida sp dan 28 (45,1%) sampel negatif Candida sp dalam pemeriksaan metode biakan SDA. Peningkatan kepadatan koloni terdapat pada hasil positif satu (+) yaitu sebanyak 24 (70,59%) sampel. Jamur Candida sp tumbuh paling banyak pada sampel dengan frekuensi menyikat gigi 1x yaitu sebanyak 24 (70,59%) sampel serta pada sampel dengan keluhan adanya sariawan secara keseluruhan didapatkan hasil positif Candida sp sebanyak 6 (17,65%) sampel, dan pada perilaku menyikat gigi yang menggunakan pasta gigi sebanyak 31 (91,18%) sampel. Dapat disimpulkan peningakatan Jumlah Candida sp karena jamur Candida sp adalah flora normal yang  ada pada rongga mulut dan akan meningkat dalam kondisi kelainan tertentu.Kata Kunci           :               Candida sp, Lansia
Hubungan Perilaku Kebersihan Diri Pada Anak Yang Terinfeksi Enterobius vermicularis Di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Rancasari Desa Rancamanggung Kecamatan Tanjungsiang Kabupaten Subang Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Bedah Sumiati , Harun Syahrial , Filmi Yuni Astri
Published: September 2020

Menurut hasil data dari World Health Organization (WHO) tahun 2013, lebih dari 1,5 miliar orang dari populasi dunia terinfeksi kecacingan nematoda usus. Infeksi tersebar luas di daerah tropis dan subtropis, dengan jumlah rerbesar di Sub-Sahara Afrika, Cina, dan Asia Timur. Salah satunya penyakit  usus yang disebabkan oleh cacing Enterobiasis adalah salah satu yang disebabkan oleh Enterobius vermicularis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi infeksi enterobiasis dan hubungannya dengan kebersihan diri pada anak-anak Sekolah Dasar Negeri Rancasari Desa Rancamanggung Kecamatan Tanjungsiang Kabupaten Provinsi Jawa Barat. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif analitik. Dengan metode pemeriksaan selopan tape. Hasil penelitian pada 72 sampel yang diperiksa didapatkan 10 (13,9%) positif infeksi enterobiasis dan sempel negatif terdapat 62 anak (86,1%). Analisis  statistik dengan spss versi 23 pada uji Chi-square didapatkan hasil tidak adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara kebersihan diri dengan infeksi enterobiasis dikarenakan hasil p0,05.Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara kebersihan diri dengan infeksi enterobiasis, walaupun demikian disarankan kepada masyarakat tetap memperhatikan kebersihan diri dan kebersihan makanan agar terhindar dari penyakit infeksi kecacingan salah satunya enterobiasis. Kata Kunci           :               Enterobius vermicularis, Enterobiasis, Perilaku Kebersihan Diri
Professional Education Development of a Glossary of Terms and Concepts on Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety
Authors: Narkevich B. Ya. , Moiseev A. N. , Ryzhov S. A.
Published: September 2020

Продолжение глоссария (начало см.: Онкологический журнал. 2020;3(2):71-98)
Perancangan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Bayu (PLTB) 10 MW di Pulau Sumba, NTT
Authors: Wibowo Harry Setyo , Nur Aditya Muhammad , Ali Mukhlis , Alfredo Dimas
Published: September 2020

Wind energy is a renewable energy sources which has big potency to develop in Eastern Indonesia especially in East Nusa Tenggara that has low electrification ratio (58.64%) and mostly depend on Diesel Powered Electric Generator as main electric power generation. One effort to meet electricity needs in NTT is through the development of Wind Powered Electric Generator. One of the islands that have the best wind energy potential in NTT is Sumba Island. Based on consideration of the potential of wind energy, location topography, and transportation access, the most appropriate location for the design of Wind Powered Electric Generator in Sumba Island is the Mondu District. Based on the electricity needs in the island of Sumba of 10 MW, the design of the Wind Powered Electric Generator which is carried out with the concept of a wind farm produces its design with 105 wind turbines with three propellers, each with a power of 100 kW. The total electrical power generated by the PLTB which was designed was 10.24 MW after taking the wake effect into consideration due to the laying of the wind turbine.Energi angin merupakan salah satu energi terbarukan yang potensial dikembangkan di Indonesia Timur terutama di provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) yang masih mempunyai rasio elektrifikasi rendah (58,64%) dan masih mengandalkan PLTD sebagai pembangkit listrik utama. Salah satu upaya untuk mencukupi kebutuhan listrik di NTT adalah melalui pengembangan PLTB. Salah satu pulau yang mempunyai potensi energi angin paling baik di NTT adalah Pulau Sumba. Berdasarkan pertimbangan potensi energi angin, topografi lokasi, dan akses transportasi, lokasi yang paling tepat untuk perancangan PLTB di Pulau Sumba adalah di Distrik Mondu. Berdasarkan kebutuhan listrik di Pulau Sumba sebesar 10 MW, maka perancangan PLTB yang dilakukan dengan konsep ladang angin (wind farm) menghasilkan rancangan PLTB dengan 105 buah turbin angin dengan tiga baling-baling yang masing-masing berdaya 100 kW. Total daya listrik yang dihasilkan oleh PLTB yang dirancang adalah 10,24 MW setelah memperhitungkan adanya wake effect akibat peletakan turbin angin.
Remarkable Skeleton Based Human Action Recognition
Authors: Sushma Jaiswal  , Tarun Jaiswal
Published: September 2020

Skeleton-based human-action-recognition (SBHAR) has wide applications in cognitive science and automatic surveillance. However, the most challenging and crucial task of the skeleton-based human-action-recognition (SBHAR) is a significant view variation while capturing the data. In this area, a significant amount of satisfactory work has already been done, which include the Red Green Blue (RGB) data method. The performance of the SBHAR is also affected by the various factors such as video frame setting, view variations in motion, different backgrounds and inter-personal differences. In this survey, we explicitly address these challenges and provide a complete overview of advancement in this field. The deep learning method has been used in this field for a long time, but so far, no research has fully demonstrated its usefulness. In this paper, we first highlight the need for action recognition and significance of 3D skeleton data and finally, we survey the largest 3D skeleton dataset, i.e. NTU-RGB+D and its new version NTU-RGB+D 120.
Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Polyethylene Terephthalate/Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (PET/EPDM) in the Presence of Nanoclay
Authors: Liu Baifen , Mirjalili Mohammad , Valipour Peiman , Porzal Sajad , Nourbakhsh shirin
Published: September 2020

This research deals with the mechanical properties, microstructure, and interrelations of triple nanocomposite based on PET/EPDM/Nanoclay. These properties were examined in different percentages of PET/EPDM blend with compatibilizer (Styrene-Ethylene/Butylene-Styrene)-G-(Maleic anhydrate) (SEBS-g-MAH). Results showed that the addition of 15% SEBS-g-MAH improved the toughness and impact strength of this nanocomposite. SEM micrographs indicated the most stable fuzzy microstructure in a 50/50 mixture of scattered phases of EPDM/SEBS-g-MAH. The effects of percentages of 1, 3, 5, 7 nanoclay Cloisite 30B (C30B) on the improvement of the properties were evaluated. With the addition of nano clay, the toughness and impact strength was reduced. Thermal destruction of nanoclay in processing temperature led to the decreasing dispersion of clay plates in the matrix and a reduction in the distances of nano clay plates in the composite compared to pure nano clay. XRD and TEM analysis was used to demonstrate the results. By adding 1% of nanoclay to the optimal sample, maximum stiffness, and Impact strength, among other nanocomposites, was achieved.
Polyethylene Terephthalate Degradation by Microalga Chlorella vulgaris Along with Pretreatment
Authors: Falah Wajeeha , Chen Fu-Jia , Zeb Bibi Saima , Hayat Malik Tahir , Mahmood Qaisar , Ebadi Abdolghaffar , Toughani Mohsen , Li En-Zhong
Published: September 2020

The current research explored the potential of microalgal species Chlorella vulgaris and Pretreatment to remediate plastic waste. It was concluded from the results that Pretreatment had a marked effect on the cracking and alteration of plastic polymer, which helped to grow microbial species on the cracked surface as evident by Compound Microscopy (CM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. FTIR data also supported the notion that in the absence of any pretreatment, the microbial species were not able to mediate plastic biodegradation efficiently as the nature of functional groups was different in the presence and absence of Pretreatment. GCMS analysis revealed that the microbial specie could produce the biodegradation products which were likely to be found in the structure of PET, including alkanes ester, fatty acids, benzoic acid, and aromatics and the most toxic product of biodegradation is Bis (2-Ethyl hexyl phthalate), which is the biodegradation product of toxic ingredient of plastics that is phthalic acid.
Kajian Pemberdayaan Berbasis Partisipatif Wanita Pedagang Di Pasar Karangploso Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Agustim Warter , Novita Retno Ayu Dewi
Published: September 2020

Gender issues are included in this category, generally women have a more diverse perception of the definition of poverty than men. Women's perceptions of poverty is not only related to access to income, assets, quality of education and health, food and opportunities, but also covers all aspects of life. In this study used qualitative methods in which there is no hypothesis testing, some of the elements used to describe the facts and circumstances that occurred in Women Traders Wholesale Markets in Karangploso Traditional Market, in this study, data was collected using questionnaires, interviews and observation. The use of purposive sampling method in this study aims to obtain information accurately and accordancely with the objectives of this study in which each sampling adjusted to predetermined criteria. The conclusion is the woman trader in Traditional Market of Karangploso need protection and guidance from various sides both cultures, leadership and entrepreneurship in which the presence of local cultural elements that limit the participation in the economy improve living standards.It could be concluded that the need for a companion program for perpetrators Women traders in the market environment Karangploso Kab. Malang both by the government, the private sector or the relevant parties.
Surgical Treatment Of Obliterating Arterosclerosis
Authors: Ugli Zainiddin Norman , K.O., Makhmudov , M.Х. Tinibekov
Published: September 2020

In the literature review, according to publications of recent years, the state of surgical treatment of obliterating atherosclerosis does not meet the requirements of the time. Currently, all research is aimed at improving the early diagnosis of the disease and their timely treatment by improving the quality and efficiency of surgical intervention.

However, despite a large number of works devoted to diagnosis and prognosis of treatment, there are still many unresolved issues. The accumulated experience indicates the need to standardize the preoperative examination of patients in order to predict the outcome of treatment.

One of the important aspects of this problem is the development of modern tactics and approaches to surgical treatment. Along with them, it is necessary to evaluate the results of treatment, analyze the quality and determine the effectiveness of traditional operations in modern angiosurgery. It should be noted that today there are a considerable number of new methods of treating atherosclerosis obliterans for early and effective diagnosis, prevention and therapy of the disease.

However, some issues are insufficiently studied or contradictory and require further research.
Analysis Of Approaches To Psychological Correction Of Adolescent Behavior In Crisis Situations And Techniques Of Its Organization
Authors: Suleymanova Tukhtakhon Gaynazarovna
Published: September 2020

The article analyzes psychocorrectional measures carried out with adolescents in crisis situations, and an analysis of approaches to their organization.Attitude,
Ancient Uzbek Tribes And Clans Inhabiting In Central Asia
Authors: Aripova Aziza Khasanovna
Published: September 2020

Soon afterward humankind became conscious of his social importance, heinitiated to comprehend the language’s great benefits, the aspiration to make certain that through the tribes lived in the past, it is attainable to determine the historical roots of the language and to find out what is beyond the reach. Despite of the fear of ignorance, doubt and mistakes, diverse human communities began to study their similarities and differences, because of many reasons, including ethnic, tribal, pedigree, climatic, physiological, linguistic and cultural properties, ending with communicative, competently dialectical skills.

The antiquity of the Uzbek language is more outstanding when its appearance and development is considered in closely connection with the history of the formation and development of the native people. Without taking into account the historical laws of tribal and clan estates during the development of the Uzbek language, it is impossible to understand its distinct features, the totality of historically determined changes that have occurred not only in vocabulary, but also in the phonetic system, as well as partially in the grammatical structure of the Uzbek language. Therefore, the study of the Uzbek language at different phases of the historical development of the Uzbek people; the identification of its specific features in the grammatical and lexical structures; the establishment of the relationship between the written language and active spoken language, presented in the form of numerous subdialects and dialects; the definition of thedialect assist to a more correct comprehension of the history of the Uzbek language as a whole.
Linguopoetic Analysis Of The Arabic Lexical Unit "Malak" In The Epic "Hayrat Ul-Abrar" By Alisher Navai
Authors: Fatilloev Madiyor , Sh Shomusarov.
Published: September 2020

This article provides a brief overview of linguopoietics and analyzes the word “malak” found in the poem “Hayrat ul-abrar” by Alisher Navai. It has been found that, this word appears eighteen times in the text without any suffixes, and the literal meaning and grammatical role of fifteen cases in the text are determined.
Influence of arousal on intentional binding: Impaired action binding, intact outcome binding
Authors: Render Anna , Jansen Petra
Published: September 2020

Emotional states have been indicated to affect intentional binding, resulting in an increase or decrease as a function of valence and arousal. Sexual arousal is a complex emotional state proven to impair attentional and perceptual processes, and is therefore highly relevant to feeling in control over one’s actions. We suggest that sexual arousal affects intentional binding in the same way as highly negative arousing states such as fear and anger. Ninety participants performed the intentional binding task before and after watching an either sexually arousing or emotionally neutral film clip. Analyses were conducted for the subcomponents action and outcome binding separately including the change in arousal before and after the emotion induction as a continuous measure. Results showed an interactive effect for time of measurement (before and after emotion induction) and arousal change on action binding: a decrease in action binding was noted in participants who reported to be more aroused and an increase in action binding was observed for participants who reported to be less aroused. Results emphasize that alterations in action binding are likely to reflect the deficits in the dopaminergic system involved in action execution. An impaired feeling of control in aroused states may play a crucial role for the underlying psychological mechanisms of impulsive violent behavior.
Olumluluğun Biçimsel Dillerdeki Sembolik Gösteriminde Bulanık Mantık Yaklaşımı
Authors: İMRAĞ Özge Sinem , TOKSÖZ HOZATLIOĞLU Derya
Published: September 2020

Türkçe, Almanca, İngilizce gibi doğal dillerde bir tümce temelde özne ve yüklemden oluşur. Benzer şekilde biçimsel dillerde de bir tümce, yüklem ve argümandan oluşur. Yüklemler P, Q, R gibi büyük harflerle, argümanlar ise x, y, z gibi küçük harflerle gösterilir. Örneğin olumlu bir tümce P(x), olumsuz bir tümce ise –P(x) şeklinde ifade edilebilir. Ancak bazen bir tümcenin olumlu mu yoksa olumsuz mu olduğu net bir şekilde belli olmayabilir. Bu tür durumlarda mevcut sembolik gösterimde belirsizlikler ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Olumlu tümcelere matematiksel olarak 1, olumsuz tümcelere ise 0 değerinin verildiği varsayılırsa, olumluluk veya olumsuzluk durumu belirsiz olan tümceler ancak bu iki değer arasında bir değer alabilir. Diğer bir deyişle P(x) şeklinde gösterilebilen bir tümceyi P1(x), -P(x) şeklinde gösterilen bir tümceyi ise P0(x) şeklinde ifade etmek mümkündür; fakat olumluluğu kesin olmayan tümceler bu değerlerle gösterilemeyeceği için başka bir ifade şekline ihtiyaç vardır. Çünkü bu tümcelerdeki iş, oluş veya hareketin gerçekleşme oranı ne 0 ne de 1’dir; 0 ve 1 arasında bir değerdir. Bu çalışmada bu tür tümcelerin biçimsel dillerde nasıl ifade edilebileceğine dair bir öneride bulunmak ve bulanık küme kuramıyla olumluluğu derecelendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda önerilen yaklaşım birtakım örnek tümceler üzerinde uygulanmış ve söz konusu tümceler bulanık sembolik bir gösterimle ifade edilmiştir.
Almanca Öğretiminde İngilizcenin Köprü Dil Olarak Kullanılması
Authors: TANRIKULU Lokman , BAYTER Tolga
Published: September 2020

Küreselleşen dünya göz önüne alındığında ortak dilin İngilizce olduğu görünmektedir. Bütün dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de birinci yabancı dil olarak İngilizce öncelik kazanmıştır. Almanca, Fransızca, Rusça gibi diller ikinci yabancı dil olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sanayi ülkesi olan Almanya’nın ekonomisinden aldığı güçle, dilini diğer ülkelere kabul ettirdiğini göz ardı etmemek gerekir. Bunun dışında Avrupa’da en çok konuşulan Anadili olma özelliği de Almancanın önemini arttırmıştır. Söz konusu özelliklerinden dolayı Almanca ikinci yabancı dil öğrenme sıralamasında üst sıralarda yer almaktadır. İkinci yabancı dili öğrenen bir öğrenci için birinci yabancı dil her zaman yardımcı dil görevi görmektedir. Öğrenci birinci yabancı dili öğrenirken edindiği tecrübeyi, belirlediği stratejiyi, ikinci yabancı dil için de kullanmaktan kaçınmamalıdır. Birinci yabancı dil olarak İngilizce öğrenen bir öğrenci, ikinci yabancı dil olarak Almancayı seçtiğinde, bu tecrübe ve stratejilerini kolaylıkla kullanabileceği bir ortamı yakalamış olmaktadır. Bunun sebebi ise Almanca ve İngilizcenin birçok ortak noktaya sahip olmasıdır. Ülkemizde bu önemli iki dili öğreten ve öğrenen kişinin fazla olması, bu çalışmayı yapmamızı teşvik etmiştir. Bu çalışmada doküman inceleme (analizi) yöntemi kullanılarak ikinci yabancı dil olarak Almanca dili eğitiminde birinci yabancı dil olan İngilizcenin köprü dil olarak kullanılıp, daha kolay bir şekilde öğrenilmesi ve anlaşılması incelenmiştir.
Geçmişten Günümüze Almanca Öğretmenliği Lisans Programlarına İlişkin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Çalışma
Authors: DEREGÖZÜ Aysel
Published: September 2020

Bu çalışmada amaç, geçmişten günümüze kadar Almanca öğretmenliği için hazırlanan lisans eğitimi programlarının oluşturulma gerekçelerinin incelenmesi ve güncel gerekliliklerin programlara yansıma biçimlerinin ortaya konulmasıdır. Bu amaç kapsamında, geçmişten günümüze kadar kullanılan Almanca öğretmenliği lisans programlarında alan ve alan öğretimi dersleri incelenmektedir. Elde edilen bulgulara bağlı olarak uygulayıcılara ve program geliştiricilere öneriler sunulmuştur. Bu kapsamda, Almanca öğretmenliği alan ve alan öğretimi dersleri doküman analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Almanca öğretmenliği programını diğer branşlardan ayıranın alan ve alan öğretimi dersleri olduğundan dolayı, incelemeye bu dersler esas alınmıştır. Çalışmada, 1998-1999, 2006-2007 ve 2018 -2019 yılları Almanca öğretmenliği lisans programları incelenmiştir. İçerik analizi yöntemiyle alan ve alan öğretimi dersleri konularına göre kategorilere ayrılmış, genel program içerisinde dağılımları, teorik ve uygulama ders saatleri ve kredi sayısı incelenmiştir. Derslerin alan ve alan öğretimi başlıklarına ayrılmasında, ders içerikleri göz önünde bulundurulmuştur. Sınıflamada, Temel Dil Becerileri, Dilbilgisi, Çeviri Bilim, Dilbilim, Edebiyat Bilim, Ülke Bilgisi, Kültür Bilim ve Yabancı Dil Öğretimi ölçüt olarak alınmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular tablolar halinde sunulmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular göstermektedir ki, yıllara bağlı olarak alan öğretimi derslerinin sayısında bir düşüş, pedagojik derslerin sayısında bir artış olmuştur. Bununla birlikte uygulama ders saati alan derslerinde sıfıra inmiştir. Temel Dil Becerileri ve Edebiyat Bilimi altında yer alan derslerin ders saatlerinde bir düşüşün olduğu görülmektedir. Alan ve alan öğretimi dersleri arasında temel dil becerilerinin öğretimine yönelik olan derslerin ders sayı ve saatlerinin arttırılması ve dil öğretiminde esas olan uygulama becerisinin gelişimi olduğu için uygulama saatlerinin eklenmesi önerilmektedir. 2018-2019 eğitim programının bu konularda geliştirilmesi gerektiği de anlaşılmaktadır.
ANALISIS TRANSAKSI AKAD SALAM DALAM JUAL BELI ONLINE
Authors: Akbar Aly
Published: September 2020

Based on the previous discussion, and referring to the results of the research that has been done, it can be concluded the following points: The greeting contract scheme in buying and selling online there is muslam (buyer), muslam ilaih (seller), muslam fihi (object of goods) and also sighat ( consent and qabul); The contract of greeting in buying and selling online, has fulfilled the rules and legal requirements that apply in the law of fiqh, and is in accordance with the DSN MUI fatwa in 2000. Looking at the process and scheme of the agreement to sell online this is a permissible form; The mechanism in the transaction of the contract to buy and sell online makes it easy for consumers to make transactions online.
DIMENSI EKONOMI DALAM KEHIDUPAN NABI ADAM (TAFSIR SURAT THAHA AYAT 117-119 dan SURAT AL-BAQARAH AYAT 36)
Authors: Wahidah Satia Bakti
Published: September 2020

The hikmah existence of Prophet Adam saw., as the first man who is created by Allah swt to be a caliph in the earth.. Allah create him as the first man with perfection of sense, and particular among other things, and live in heaven. So the concept of prosperity begins with a preliminary description in heaven. Syetan deceive him and ordered out of heaven,has appeared practice require of needs, hard work and the concept of prosperous as part of the economic dimension.
Implementasi Akad Murabahah Pada Pembiayaan Rumah Non Bank Di Puri Nirana Cigelam Purwakarta
Authors: Patmawati Ratna
Published: September 2020

This study discusses how to determine the Margin Murabaha in the purchase or financing agreement, what constraints faced in the determination of Margin, what efforts are made in the implementation of Murabahah agreement on the financing of non-bank housing and how the consumer response to the application of murabahah contract in Puri Nirana Cigelam. This research uses descriptive qualitative method by using primary data and secondary data. The result of the research shows that margin acceptance in murabahah agreement based on agreement, the agreement is 10%, in reality the margin obtained in every year is less than 10%. There is no constraint in determining the margin in the murabaha scheme that has been implemented in Puri Nirana Cigelam, Murabahah scheme implementation in the financing of non-bank house in Puri Nirana Cigelam is signing the agreement of both parties between the developers who sell the house and the consumer who bought the house with the clarity of price and payment flat as well as the margin or profit setting that both parties agree on. Consumer response to the implementation of murabahah agreement in Puri Nirana Cigelam castle that many agree and good, average, so the existence of Puri Nirana Cigelam, akad applied in Puri Nirana Cigelam, Islamic Concepts and Value Syari'ah and facilities provided by the PNC is the reason consumers choose to buy housing in Puri Nirana Cigelam.
ESTUDIO QUÍMICO DEL ACEITE ESENCIAL DE LA “YARETA” Smallanthus parviceps (Blake) Rob
Authors: Neves Ordóñez Gianella , Fernández Ruiz Marisol , Solís Miranda Sugia , Castro Mandujano Nino , Serrano Flores Carlos
Published: September 2020

En la presente investigación se realizó un estudio fitoquímico al aceite esencial de la “yareta” (Smallanthus Parviceps (Blake) Rob), recolectada en Ayacucho, en el distrito de Chumpi. Se obtuvo el aceite esencial por el método de destilación por arrastre con vapor de agua, a partir de 1,50 kg de planta fresca, su olor se puede definir como cítrico, agradable y balsámico, además el aceite esencial tiene un poder antiinflamatorio según la información etnobotánica de la planta. En cuanto a su caracterización, primero se determinó las propiedades fisicoquímicas, el cual nos indica que el aceite de “yareta” contiene 0,06 % de aceite esencial cuya densidad es 0,75g/mL y de un pH: 6, luego se determinó sus componentes por cromatografía gaseosa CGMS. Sus componentes mayoritarios son: α-felandreno, p-cimeno, cariofileno, los isómeros α-curcumeno y β-curcumeno, α-pineno y oxido de cariofileno.
Innovative trends in application spelling norms in justice
Authors: Pyvovarov V.
Published: September 2020

Problem setting. Trends in the introduction of new spelling rules in justice are related to a number of issues. One of the main problems is the professional training of lawyers, their language competence, readiness to accept new prescriptions. The legal literature has not yet formed a single view on the use of language norms in justice, so it is necessary to introduce into legal practice precisely those verbal constructions that are specifically Ukrainian, would be common to all speakers.

Analysis of scientific research. Problems of formation and development of Ukrainian spelling, terminology of gender linguistics, introduction of norms of modern literary language, aspects of feminine innovations were studied by V. Nimchuk, O. Chueshkova, V. Danilchuk, A. Arkhangelska and others.

Target of research. Research of the problem of introduction of new orthographic norms into the justice system, sphere of interpersonal communication, determination of tendencies of introduction of feminists into oral and written speech, regularities of use of these words, characteristic of the conducted interrogation on realization of orthographic innovations in legal practice.

Article’s main body. The spelling rules are a system of generally accepted rules of the Ukrainian language, which determine the ways of transmitting speech in writing were found. The perfection of spelling at all its levels reflects the current state of Ukrainian legislation, allows you to accurately reflect changes in public life. Language as a way of expressing a person’s worldview is able to change his consciousness, to adapt to their forms and patterns. The more accurate and rich the language, the more complete, as close as possible to reality, the language of justice will be.

It is important to introduce new spelling rules in the legal sphere, the use of femininities (the use of words in the feminine gender) to restore gender and linguistic equality.

The survey showed that men are more inclined to use femininities (25% answered “yes” and 43.7% – sometimes), while women are less interested in it (only 8.7% answered “yes” and 67.4% – sometimes). Regarding the negative attitude, men and women were in the range of 30% with a slight positive shift in the perception of women. The level of use of femininities by both men and women, as well as in all age groups, is low, in the largest group of people aged 30 to 50 the share of responses to the use of femininities “sometimes” is almost 70%, indicating the lack of interest of lawyers to use this language norm.

Conclusions and prospects for development. Linguistic innovations make it possible to respond correctly to changes in modern linguistic and written practice, to determine the rules of writing new borrowed words and proper names, to unify spelling rules. This significantly improves the linguistic perfection of the judiciary.
Visualization of Hajime Yoshino’s Logical Jurisprudence
Authors: Čyras Vytautas , Lachmayer Friedrich
Published: September 2020

Hajime Yoshino’s Logical Jurisprudence (LJ) is an important concept in legal informatics. Yoshino aims for a logic-based systematization in the legal domain. He focuses on legal reasoning and systematization. Inevitably, embracing law as a whole brings us to Hans Kelsen’s Pure Theory of Law. In sum, three issues are important in LJ: logic, Kelsen and legal informatics. In this paper we aim to visualize the architecture of LJ. We suggest expanding this with legal ontologies and words. The granularity of word-phrase-sentence-text is about different methods which apply to different units.
Network of Legal Metalevels
Authors: Čyras Vytautas , Lachmayer Friedrich , Schweighofer Erich
Published: September 2020

This paper concerns the legal system and legal documentation, as well as their interconnectedness. In the term metalevel, we use the prefix meta with the meaning of with and across and not beyond. The granularity problem is in our view. Legal documentation does not reproduce a legal source one-to-one. Examples of legal metalevels are legal terms, ontologies, annotations, commentaries, etc. We see a challenge for legal informatics to represent legal networks explicitly. We find the idea of a network in the interdisciplinary approach that was proposed by Van Hoecke and Ost in 1993. We project the core and peripheral areas around the legal system onto Schweighofer’s 8 views/4 methods approach. Making the core-periphery networks more explicit would also contribute to the evaluative synthesis of legal decisions. Thus, explicit visual navigation through a legal information system would support the wandering back and forth of the glance between the normative and the factual.
Erzurum bataklıkları (Yakutiye, Erzurum, Türkiye) florası
Authors: SARPDAĞ Fazilet , EMİNAĞAOĞLU Özgür
Published: September 2020

Bu araştırma, 2017–2019 yılları arasında Erzurum ili, Yakutiye ilçesinde bulunan Erzurum Bataklıkları’nın florasını tespit etmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma alanından toplanan 885 adet bitki örneğinin değerlendirilmesi sonucunda 40 familya, 141 cinse ait toplam 223 bitki taksonunun alanda doğal yayılış gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen taksonların 33 adeti Liliopsida ve 190 adeti Magnoliopsida sınıflarına aittir. Toplam takson sayısı bakımından Asteraceae (44), Fabaceae (20), Lamiaceae (17), Poaceae (12) ve Caryophyllaceae (11) familyaları en zengin familyalardır. En fazla takson içeren cinsler ise Achillea (5), Astragalus (5), Silene (4), Centaurea (4)’dır. Fitocoğrafik elemanların dağılımı şu şekildedir: Avrupa-Sibirya 32 (%14,0), İran-Turan 63 (%28,1) ve çok ya da bilinmeyen bölgeli 128 (%57,9) takson. Alanda 25 endemik bitki taksonu belirlenmiş olup, endemizm oranı %11,2’dir. IUCN tehlike kategorilerine göre endemik ve endemik olmayan 29 nadir taksonun tehlike durumu değerlendirilmiştir.
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rollerine İlişkin Tutumlarının Belirlenmesi: Çukurova Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Örneği
Authors: AYDINGÜLÜ Nursevim , KARAÇAY YIKAR Seda , DENİZ DOĞAN Sevgi , ARSLAN Sevban , NAZİK Evşen
Published: September 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışma hemşirelik öğrencilerinin toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin tutumlarının belirlemesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikte olan araştırmanın evrenini 2017-2018 yılında bir üniversitenin hemşirelik bölümünde eğitim gören 1021 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada örneklem seçimine gidilmemiş olup çalışmaya 737 öğrenci alınmıştır. Veriler, “Kişisel Anket Formu” ve “Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rol Tutum Ölçeği (TCRTÖ)” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde sayı, yüzde, aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma, t testi, Kruskal-Wallis ve Mann-Whitney U testleri kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaş ortalamasının 20.8 ± 2.09 olduğu, %69.5’inin kadın ve %87’sinin toplumsal cinsiyet kavramı hakkında bilgi sahibi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kadın öğrencilerin TCRTÖ toplam puan ortalamasının 136.85±14.15, erkek öğrencilerin ise 121.48±17.03 olduğu ve aradaki farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir (p
CRYOPRESERVATION IN ASSISTED REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY PRESERVATION
Authors: KAHYAOĞLU İnci , TAKE Gülnur
Published: September 2020

Cryopreservation is the technique of keeping living cells or tissues at ultralow temperature that no metabolic or biochemical activity can ocur. The use of cryopreservation techniques is highly attractive and has been increasingly applied worldwide. Cryopreservation of sperm, oocytes and embryos have been central to improvements in the assisted reproduction treatment success with many potential applications. Embryo cryopreservation is an established procedure and has been increasingly used due to novel indications as freeze-all strategy to reduce complications of assisted reproduction as ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, pre-implantation genetic screening or single embryo transfer and cryopreservation of the remaining embryos to minimize the risk of multiple pregnancies. Sperm and oocyte cryopreservation has permitted the longterm storage of gametes for patients with anticipated fertility decline. Ovarian and testicular tissue cryopreservation is the treatment options for prepubertal girls and boys requiring fertility preservation. Although they are relatively new techniques compared to gamete or embryo cryopreservation, they are both very promising and expected to be more widely implemented into the clinic in the near future.
Uterine Rupture Following Vaginal Birth After Caesarean Section (VBAC): CT Findings and Clinical Course in Delayed Cases
Authors: ŞAHİN Özgür , TAHTABAŞI Mehmet
Published: September 2020

Aim: This research was aimed the show of the effectiveness of computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of intraabdominal complications in patients with uterine rupture (UR) due to vaginal birth after caesarean section (VBAC) and admitted to the clinic late. It was aimed to discuss the treatment management and clinical course of patients. Materials and Method: Between July 2015 and February 2020, 21 patients who developed UR among 5820 births in the Mogadishu Recep Tayyip Erdogan Hospital in Somalia were examined. Those without a history of caesarean section, patients with uterine scar dehiscence without symptoms, and gestational age <28 weeks were excluded. Clinical and laboratory data and thoracoabdominal CTs of the patients were evaluated retrospectively from electronic records. Results The mean maternal age of 15 patients included in the study was 25.06±5.46 (range 18-32) years. There were one caesarean history in 9 (60%) patients and two caesarean section history in 6 (40%) patients. The mean time between two births was 14.57±3.35 (range 11-19) months. None of the patients had antenatal care (ANC) follow-up. In 2 (13.3%) patients who developed fetal and maternal mortality, it was determined that the fetus was born into the peritoneal cavity in these 2 patients. The mean duration of admission to the hospital after vaginal delivery was 16.6±1.99 days. The hospitalization period of 8 (53.3%) patients admitted to the postoperative intensive care unit was 2.26±3.10 (in the range of 2-8) days, and the mean hospitalization time of all patients was 13.13±4.13 days. 8 (53.3%) patients underwent total abdominal hysterectomy. In CTs of 13 (86.6%) patients, uterine wall defect and peritonitis detected in 13 of them (100%), intraabdominal abscess detected in 11 of them (84.6%), acid detected in 10 of them (76.9%), air in the uterine cavity, paralytic ileus and pneumonia detected in 8 of them (61.5%), pleural effusion detected in 5 of them (38.4%), and splenic infarction detected in 1 of them (7.6%). Conclusion The prevalence of pregnant women without ANC follow-up is high in underdeveloped countries such as Somalia. It is necessary to start antenatal follow-up early, especially in those who are planned VBAC, and this procedure should be done in equipped centers. Furthermore, we believe in the necessity of performing CT, which is fast and reliable for all patients, in terms of evaluating complications, finding correct diagnosis, and treatment management in patients with delayed UR.
Thermonuclear Reaction Rates and Primordial Nucleosynthesis
Authors: Iliadis Christian , Coc Alain
Published: September 2020

Assuming the best numerical value for the cosmic baryonic density and the existence of three neutrino flavors, standard Big Bang nucleosynthesis is a parameter-free model. It is important to assess if the observed primordial abundances can be reproduced by simulations. Numerous studies have shown that the simulations overpredict the primordial 7Li abundance by a factor of

compared to the observations. The discrepancy may be caused by unknown systematics in 7Li observations, poorly understood depletion of lithium in stars, errors in thermonuclear rates that take part in the lithium and beryllium synthesis, or physics beyond the standard model. Here, we focus on the likelihood of a nuclear physics solution. The status of the key nuclear reaction rates is summarized. Big Bang nucleosynthesis simulations are performed with the most recent reaction rates, and the uncertainties of the predicted abundances are established using a Monte Carlo technique. Correlations between abundances and reaction rates are investigated based on the metric of mutual information. The rates of four reactions impact the primordial 7Li abundance: 3He(α,γ)7Be, d(p,γ)3He, 7Be(d,p)2α, and 7Be(n,p)7Li. We employ a genetic algorithm to search for simultaneous rate changes in these four reactions that may account for all observed primordial abundances. When the search is performed for reaction rate ranges that are much wider than recently reported uncertainties, no acceptable solutions are found. Based on the currently available evidence, we conclude that it is highly unlikely for the cosmological lithium problem to have a nuclear physics solution.
On the Mass Distribution of the Intracluster Light in Galaxy Groups and Clusters
Authors: Contini E. , Gu Q.
Published: September 2020

We take advantage of a semianalytic model with a state-of-art implementation of the formation of the intracluster light (ICL) to study the mass distribution of the ICL in galaxy groups and clusters, at different redshifts. We assume the ICL to follow a Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) profile with a different concentration, linked to that of the dark matter by the relation c
ICL = γ c
DM, where the parameter γ is set to reproduce the observed relation between the stellar mass in the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) and ICL in the innermost 100 kpc and the halo mass (M
*
100 − M
500) at z = 0. The model is then tested against several theoretical and observational results, from the present time to z ∼ 1.5. Our analysis shows that the fraction of stellar mass in the BCG and ICL within the innermost 100 kpc is an increasing function of redshift, parameter γ, and a decreasing function of the halo mass. The value of γ required to match the observed M
*
100 − M
500 is γ = 3 at z = 0, but there are indications that it might be a function of redshift and halo mass. This result indicates that the distribution of the ICL is more concentrated than the dark matter one, but less concentrated than previously found by other studies. We suggest that a modified version of the NFW is a good description of the distribution of the diffuse light in groups and clusters, which makes the ICL a reliable tracer of the dark matter, in good agreement with recent observational findings.
Atmospheric Erosion by Giant Impacts onto Terrestrial Planets: A Scaling Law for any Speed, Angle, Mass, and Density
Authors: Kegerreis J. A. , Eke V. R. , Catling D. C. , Massey R. J. , Teodoro L. F. A. , Zahnle K. J.
Published: September 2020

We present a new scaling law to predict the loss of atmosphere from planetary collisions for any speed, angle, impactor mass, target mass, and body composition, in the regime of giant impacts onto broadly terrestrial planets with relatively thin atmospheres. To this end, we examine the erosion caused by a wide range of impacts, using 3D smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations with sufficiently high resolution to directly model the fate of low-mass atmospheres around 1% of the target’s mass. Different collision scenarios lead to extremely different behaviors and consequences for the planets. In spite of this complexity, the fraction of lost atmosphere is fitted well by a power law. Scaling is independent of the system mass for a constant impactor mass ratio. Slow atmosphere-hosting impactors can also deliver a significant mass of atmosphere, but always accompanied by larger proportions of their mantle and core. Different Moon-forming impact hypotheses suggest that around 10%–60% of a primordial atmosphere could have been removed directly, depending on the scenario. We find no evident departure from the scaling trends at the extremes of the parameters explored. The scaling law can be incorporated readily into models of planet formation.
The Effect of Smith-Peterson Osteotomy on Blood Loss during Surgical Correction of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Ivanova Anastasia , Mikhaylovskiy Mikhail , Novikov Vyacheslav , Vasyura Aleksandr , Lukinov Vitaliy , Lebedeva Maya
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Surgical correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is inevitably accompanied by blood loss. About 37–85% of patients undergo allogeneic transfusions associated with a risk of serious complications. Prediction of the expected blood loss volume remains a topical problem. In this regard, there is a need to clarify predictors of increased blood loss.

Aim: To assess the effect of vertebrectomy on the intraoperative blood loss volume during surgical correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Materials and methods: A retrospective study included 511 adolescents who underwent posterior correction of spinal deformity. Two groups were allocated: Group I consisted of 303 patients who underwent multilevel transpedicular fixation; Group II included 208 patients who underwent multilevel transpedicular fixation combined with Smith-Peterson osteotomy.

Results: Intergroup comparisons revealed significant differences in the number of transpedicular fixation levels and the volume of blood loss, which were higher in Group II. After aligning the groups by the number of transpedicular fixation levels using the Propensity Score Matching method, no statistically significant difference was observed. We derived formulas for calculating the expected blood loss volume in Groups I and II. Comparison of the formulas revealed that the formula for Group II predicted a significantly lower volume of blood loss, by 2.51%, while the formula for Group I predicted a significantly higher volume of blood loss, by 3.27%. In our opinion, application of the formula that overestimates expected intraoperative blood loss is most reasonable due to a possibility of the worst case scenario during surgery; therefore, the formula for Group I approaches a universal model for use.

Conclusion: Smith-Peterson osteotomy did not affect the amount of blood loss during surgical correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, considering the number of transpedicular fixation levels.
Comparison of Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery and Laparoscopic Surgery in the Treatment of Proximal Ureteral and Renal Pelvic Stones Greater than 15 mm
Authors: Güler Yavuz , Erbin Akif , Ozmerdiven Gokhun , Yazici Ozgur
Published: September 2020

Introduction: There is insufficient data on which modality should be the first choice in the treatment of proximal ureteral and renal pelvic stones greater than 15 mm.Aim: To compare retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) and laparoscopic stone surgery for big upper ureteral and renal pelvic stones.

Materials and methods: We reviewed medical records of 163 adult patients who underwent RIRS or laparoscopic surgery for upper ureteral or renal pelvic stones ≥15 mm between January 2013 and February 2018. A total of 121 patients were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups as RIRS (n=58) and laparoscopic surgery (n=63) and the groups were compared with regard to their demographic, stone, and operative characteristics and postoperative outcomes and complications.

Results: Both operation time and hospitalization time were significantly shorter in the RIRS group compared to the laparoscopic surgery group (p<0.001). Complete stone clearance was achieved in 44 (76%) patients in the RIRS group and in 57 (90%) patients in the laparoscopic surgery group (p=0.031). Both the VAS scores and postoperative analgesic requirement were lower in the RIRS group. Based on the modified Clavien-Dindo classification, the two groups were similar with regard to peri- and post-operative complication rates. However, the incidence of Grade 3b complications (e.g. ureteral rupture, conversion to open surgery) was significantly higher in the laparoscopic surgery group and the incidence of Grade 4b complication (urosepsis) was significantly higher in the RIRS group.

Conclusions: Laparoscopic surgery can provide higher stone clearance and lower auxiliary treatment rates compared to RIRSalthough it can be more disadvantageous in terms of operative time, hospitalization time, postoperative VAS scores, and analgesic usage (narcotic and non-narcotic).
Stroke and the immune system: A review of the new strategies
Authors: Todorov Valentin , Dimitrova Maria
Published: September 2020

The immunology of stroke can be approached in several ways. By viewing stroke from an immunological standpoint, we are trying to achieve new insights in its pathogenesis and reach new therapeutic options. To review and summarize the findings from publications on immunology of stroke. Infections are a well-known risk factor for stroke. This is due to activated immune cells interacting with throm-bocytes and releasing coagulation factors, which affect the formation of the thrombus. Aseptic inflammation in the ischemic lesion leads to cellular invasion of the area and triggers a pro-inflammatory response, which has an impact on further destruction of ischemic brain tissue. Another aspect of stroke is systemic immune suppression, which is a predisposing factor towards a systemic bacterial infection. Infection itself is also an independent risk factor for negative clinical outcomes and increased mortality. The immunological approach to the topic of ischemic stroke holds significant value for future research.