bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sample Preparation Challenges with Highly Metastable Ferritic-Austenitic Stainless Steels
Authors: Uusikallio S. , Jaskari M. , Kisko A. , Nyo T. , Porter D. , Kömi J.
Published: June 2019

The effects of different sample preparation techniques on a set of laboratory hot-rolled and thermally cycled ferritic-austenitic stainless steels containing 19 – 20 wt.% Cr have been studied. The differences in chemical composition led to different volume fractions of ferrite and austenite and austenite stabilities, which were characterized using composition-based estimates of Md30 and Ms temperatures. The sample preparation methods were combined mechanical and chemical polishing, electrolytical polishing and ion beam cross section polishing. The ferrite-austenite phase ratio and tendency for phase transformation varied with the chemical composition of the steel. Electropolishing is shown to be the only sample preparation method not to cause martensite formation in samples containing metastable austenite.
Особливості лабораторно-діагностичних показників у хворих різних вікових груп з гострим коронарним синдромом з елевацією сегмента ST
Authors: Parkhomenko O. M. , Lutay Ya. M. , Bilyi D. O. , Irkin O. I. , Stepura A. O. , Kushnir S. P. , Skarzhevskyi O. A.
Published: June 2019

The aim – to find out the features of laboratory diagnostic indicators in patients of different age groups with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome.Materials and methods. Were analyzed the data of 835 patients admitted to the emergency departments from January 2000 to December 2015, with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome. Patients were divided into the two groups depending on age: I group – patients < 45 years of age (n=189), II group ≥ 45 years (n=646).Results and discussion. In young patients, hemoglobin and platelet levels were significantly higher throughout the observation period. Initial ALT and AST were significantly higher in young patients on day 1 (p<0.001 and p<0.01, respectively), but didn’t differ further. Baseline glucose level in patients < 45 years of age was significantly lower than in the older group (p<0.05). Patients < 45 years had higher values of fibrinogen (p=0.048). Young adults had lower total cholesterol, LDL at baseline (p<0.05) and the day 7 (p<0.001). Patients of 1 group showed higher HDL-C and TG (p<0.05). Probable FH was more common in the patients <45 years (7.34 and 1.32 %, p<0.05), in spite of lower HDL (3.47±0.12 and 3.83±0.08 mmol/l, p<0.05).Conclusions. The most significant risk factors for a MI at a young age are dyslipidemia and increased TG even in the absence of hypercholesterolemia. When allocating the group of familial hypercholesterolemia in patients with myocardial infarction at a yo≤ung age, familial hypercholesterolemia is observed significantly more often. The development of MI at a young age is often accompanied by an increase in the level of fibrinogen, hemoglobin and platelets, which may have a prothrombogenic effect.
Body mass index, haemoglobin status and eating behaviours among adolescents in Jazan, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Moukhyer Mohamed E. , Mukhayer Aziza , Elfaki Fatima A. , Salih Mahfouz Mohamed
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND:

A balanced nutrition is vital for healthy growth and development. Recently increasing attention is paid globally for adolescent nutritional profile and eating patterns. The main objectives of this study are to define the prevalence of obesity, overweight, thinness, and anemia and to describe the distribution of nutritional problems among the participants of the study in Jazan City, southwest Saudi Arabia.

METHODOLOGY:

An observational cross-sectional study was conducted to characterize the basic health behavior and nutritional status among adolescents. A total of 502 school-going adolescents were recruited for this study, within the age group 12–19 years from intermediate and high schools in Jazan City.

RESULT:

The total prevalence of obesity was 13.9%, 16.4%, and 10.6% for males and females, respectively. Adolescents with normal weight accounted for almost 53.2%, with no significant difference between males and females. The overall prevalence of anemia was 44.16%. The prevalence was higher in male (50.0%) than in female (40.4%) adolescents. Regarding the importance of breakfast, 66.3% of the males and 52.6% of the females think that breakfast is a necessary meal, with a significant difference between the males and the females. Significant differences were reported for 16 food items. For the food items liver, goat’s meat, eggs, milk, yogurt, white rice, mango, tangerine, fruit juices, honey, sausage, carrots, and coffee, the boys were more consumers than girls.

CONCLUSION:

The prevalence of overweight and anemia corresponds to the other findings in the region. Eating behaviors vary particularly with regard to breakfast, the most important meal for adolescents aged 12–19 years. Any intervention to overcome these problems could be achieved by nutrition promotion and individual approach among adolescents themselves for behavior change at school and community levels.
Introduzione. Migrazioni e nested market in aree rurali fragili
Authors: Corrado Alessandra , Osti Giorgio
Published: June 2019

I processi di rispazializzazione e riterritorializzazione delle migrazioni hanno progressivamente coinvolto le aree rurali determinando dinamiche di cambiamento significative che coinvolgono anche i residenti, le istituzioni e l'economia locale. Il concetto di nested market è applicato per inquadrare la riconfigurazione delle forme di organizzazione economico- produttiva in rapporto a questi processi in contesti che presentano elementi di fragilità nel contesto nazionale italiano. Vengono dunque considerati nuovi progetti di imprenditorialità e di cooperazione socio-economica, che valorizzano le risorse locali e coinvolgono rifugiati e lavoratori migranti. I mercati nidificati, diversi per la specificità del contesto, i soggetti coinvolti, i modelli organizzativi e le forme di governance, possono contribuire a percorsi di sviluppo territoriale.
Lavoro migrante, mercati nidificati e sviluppo rurale nelle aree ad agricoltura intensiva del Sud Italia: due esperienze in Calabria e Sicilia
Authors: Iocco Giulio , Lo Cascio Martina , Perrotta Domenico
Published: June 2019

Nella letteratura sulla costruzione dei nested market (NM), i temi del lavoro e del ruolo dei lavoratori salariati appare poco studiato. Questo articolo vuole contribuire al dibat- tito focalizzandosi sulle aree di agricoltura intensiva del Sud Italia nelle quali la questione dello sfruttamento del lavoro migrante è particolarmente importante. Attraverso la lente teo- rica dei NM sono analizzate due esperienze di agricoltura alternativa che coinvolgono contadini, lavoratori migranti e autoctoni e attivisti e per le quali la costruzione del NM è centrale per la sperimentazione di nuove forme di organizzazione del lavoro agricolo che possano of- frire una alternativa allo sfruttamento del lavoro migrante. L'articolo si occupa di due que- stioni principali. In primo luogo, si evidenzia come i lavoratori salariati migranti e nativi siano tra i costruttori di questi NM. In secondo luogo, si descrive in quale misura queste esperienze abbiano stimolato processi di sviluppo rurale endogeno. Il materiale empirico che è alla base dell'analisi è stato raccolto dai tre autori durante la loro attiva partecipazione nei progetti qui considerati.
Migrazioni internazionali ed economie incorporate nelle aree montane
Authors: Membretti Andrea , Cutello Giulia
Published: June 2019

Sulla base dell'analisi e della comparazione di tre buone prassi d'accoglienza, collocate in contesti montani diversi (Cadore, Valcamonica, Prealpi Biellesi), gli autori sostengono che le peculiari caratteristiche delle terre alte del nostro Paese - date alcune condizioni di contesto e strutturali - possono agevolare l'integrazione socio-lavorativa di richiedenti asilo e rifugiati, innescando non solo la resilienza delle comunità locali interessate ma anche la nascita di specifiche forme di mercato come i nested market. Tale modello di analisi socioeconomica è capace di descrivere sia la complessità dei termini dello scambio di risorse in particolari contesti, come quello delle Alpi e degli Appennini, sia di cogliere l'essenza ibrida delle organizzazioni e delle attività di sviluppo locale innescate nelle aree fragili dalla presenza dei nuovi "montanari per forza".
Rifugiati nell'imprenditorialità. Prospettive di sviluppo locale e percorsi di integrazione in un territorio Docg
Authors: Donatiello Davide , Moiso Valentina
Published: June 2019

Il paper descrive un caso studio analiticamente iscrivibile nel frame dei nested market: una cooperativa per l'avvio all'imprenditorialità agricola di rifugiati e richiedenti asilo situata nel sud Piemonte. L'area è caratterizzata dalla produzione di Moscato, un vino a Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita (Docg) ed è stata recentemente insignita a Patrimonio Unesco, ma presenta elementi di criticità dal punto di vista dell'integrazione economica e della coesione sociale. La cooperativa studiata intende valorizzare le risorse locali innescando modalità di produzione e circuiti di vendita alte rnativi, rispettosi della remunerazione del lavoro in tutte le fasi della filiera e dell'ambiente. La progettazione e la messa in pratica del progetto, gli attori coinvolti, i finanziamenti ricevuti e gli strumenti utilizzati sono presentati nell'articolo, mettendone in luce elementi di originalità e eventuali criticità anche al fine di discutere la loro scalabilità.
Migranti, mercati nidificati e sostenibilità in territori fragili: i casi di Riace e Camini (Calabria)
Authors: Corrado Alessandra , D’Agostino Mariafrancesca
Published: June 2019

La promozione di progetti di accoglienza di migranti forzati in territori rurali, fragili e marginali, ha contribuito allo sviluppo di dinamiche sociali e forme economiche inedite, che configurano "mercati incorporati", caratterizzati da valori di solidarietà, obiettivi di sviluppo territoriale e ripopolamento, pratiche di cooperazione, reti articolate a livello locale e translocale e supporto pubblico. La sostenibilità territoriale collegata a questi percorsi rappresenta una questione aperta. L'articolo, dopo aver analizzato il ruolo delle politiche orientate alla territorializzazione e decentramento del sistema di accoglienza dei rifugiati e richiedenti asilo in Italia, esamina due esperienze legate allo Sprar in Calabria: Riace e Camini. Seguono le conclusioni, in cui si valuta la sostenibilità dei progetti "incorporati", anche alla luce dei cambiamenti legislativi che segnalano una nuova fase delle politiche di inclusione e accoglienza dei migranti.
Asilo e crisi urbane: dinamiche di narrative-making tra media e policy network locali
Authors: Pogliano Andrea , Ponzo Irene
Published: June 2019

L'articolo approfondisce due crisi urbane scoppiate nel 2013: il moltiplicarsi dei migranti in transito alla Stazione Centrale di Milano e l'occupazione abusiva di quattro stabili dell'ex-Moi a Torino. Attraverso l'analisi congiunta delle dinamiche mediatiche e di policy, gli autori mostrano il ruolo centrale che le istituzioni locali possono ricoprire nella produzione delle narrazioni sui migranti, incluse quelle dei media. Tuttavia, affinché ciò avvenga, sono necessarie alcune condizioni: gli attori appartenenti ai policy network locali devono sviluppare frame condivisi e comunicarli ai media, instaurando con questi ultimi relazioni dense. D'altro canto, anche le dinamiche proprie del giornalismo locale contano: la presenza di cronisti esperti di migrazioni e stabilmente impegnati sul caso, così come la collaborazione tra giornalisti all'interno della stessa testata e tra testate differenti, l'esistenza cioè di una sorta di media community locale, contribuiscono allo sviluppo di narrazioni mediatiche coerenti nel tempo e all'affermarsi di frame umanitari invece che securitari.
Le traiettorie occupazionali degli immigrati nel mercato del lavoro italiano
Authors: Fellini Ivana , Guetto Raffaele
Published: June 2019

Sulla base dell'indagine Istat Condizione e Integrazione Sociale dei Cittadini Stranieri (2011-2012), l'articolo analizza le traiettorie occupazionali degli immigrati in Italia definite dall'ultima occupazione svolta nel paese di origine, la prima occupazione svolta all'arrivo e l'occupazione svolta all'intervista. Fortissimo è il rischio di declassamento con il primo lavoro, legato a poche e specifiche occupazioni, diverse per immigrati e immigrate, indipendentemente dall'area di origine e dalla qualificazione del lavoro svolto prima di emigrare. Molto scarse sono inoltre le opportunità di recupero con i lavori successivi. Le donne sono maggiormente a rischio di declassamento ed hanno minori chance di mobilità ascendente rispetto agli uomini. Le carriere degli immigrati in Italia non mostrano quell'andamento a U descritto dall'ipotesi dell'assimilazione, risultando simili a quelle rilevate in Spagna dove, al declassamento, segue l'intrappolamento nel mercato del lavoro secondario.
Salute riproduttiva, genere e migrazioni. Il continuum di violenze nei vissuti di donne e madri "dalla pelle nera"
Authors: Quagliariello Chiara
Published: June 2019

L'articolo esamina le forme di assistenza offerte alle donne migranti giunte in stato di gravidanza in Europa, attraverso i viaggi via mare. Nella prima parte dell'articolo l'autore analizza le violenze di genere subite dalle donne durante il percorso migratorio dal continente africano ai territori-frontiera dell'Italia meridionale, quale l'isola di Lampedusa e la città di Palermo, in Sicilia. La seconda parte dell'articolo sottolinea le difficoltà incontrate dalle migranti nell'accesso all'interruzione volontaria di gravidanza, e l'influenza delle condizioni di vita all'interno dei centri di accoglienza sulla salute globale delle donne. L'autore sostiene che le violenze strutturali e le forme di discriminazione a cui le migranti di origine sub-sahariana sono soggette continuano dopo il loro arrivo in Europa. Le violenze istituzionali esercitate attraverso le leggi in materia di salute riproduttiva e lo stesso funzionamento del sistema di accoglienza si accumulano ai traumi fisici e psicologici vissuti durante la migrazione.
Dos estudos de usuários da informação aos estudos em práticas informacionais e cultura: uma trajetória de pesquisa
Authors: Araújo Carlos Alberto Ávila
Published: June 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a trajetória intelectual da professora Adriana Bogliolo Sirihal Duarte, tendo como eixo sua atuação na área de estudos de usuários da informação até a consolidação do grupo de pesquisa EPIC, Estudos em Práticas Informacionais e Cultura, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (PPGCI/UFMG). Essa trajetória é apresentada em três momentos: a configuração da disciplina usuários da informação na UFMG; a ampliação das problemáticas e questões, entre os anos de 2008 e 2014; e o trabalho junto ao grupo de pesquisa EPIC. No artigo são ressaltadas as parcerias e atuações conjuntas da professora, bem como os avanços teóricos, metodológicos e empíricos dos diferentes membros do EPIC.
Granger Causality Approach to Examining Stock Market Integration in West Africa.
Authors: David Obadiaru Eseosa , John Oloyede Adebayo , Ehimare Omankhanlen Alex , Barnabas Obasaju Olusegun
Published: June 2019

Stock markets have been found to be increasingly interdependent overtime due to activities related to internationalization, diversification, integration, and globalization. This study assesses the lead/lag interactions between equity markets in the West Africa viz a viz the United States (US) and the United Kingdom (UK) markets. Stock market index data were analyzed from 2008 - 2016 using the Granger causality test. Findings from the study indicates both uni-directional and bi-directional causality between most of the market pairs implying that none of the market exists in autarky.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penentuan Alternatif Produk Terbaik dengan Metode Elemination Et Choix Traduisant Realita ( Electre )
Authors: Rahmawati Elmi , Herpina Novi
Published: June 2019

Choosing and determining the most appropriate product is one way that people can do to maintain health. Inappropriate product selection can actually cause great harm to people. Along with the development and advancement of technology, then a reliable system is needed to support public health. To facilitate the public in selecting and determining the best product, then needed a decision support system in determining the best product alternative for helath. This research aims to develop an alternative decision support system of the best product with Electre method. The use of Electre method supported by PHP and MySQL programming languages can improve the efficiency in determining the best product in a short time, and quality. especially for Bana Supermaket store owner who will sell their products to the public. In addition, the implementation of decision support system with Electre method can facilitate the people, especially for store owner Bana Supermaket in choosing and determining the best product to be traded.
Analisis Pendapatan dan Kelayakan Usaha Tani Jagung Hibrida (Zea mays L) di Desa Bumi Harjo Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat
Authors: Shofiyah Shofiyah
Published: June 2019

Bumi Harjo Village, Kumai District is one of the villages that has experienced developments in agriculture. Bumi Harjo Village farmers do hybrid corn farming. The objectives of this study were: to find out the income, and the feasibility of hybrid corn farming in Bumi Harjo Village and to know the prospects for the development of its business. The data analysis method used to determine income and feasibility using the t-test and Pearson correlation formula to determine the level of relationships between variables. The results showed that the average salary received by respondent farmers was 2,089,917/ha, and hybrid maize farming in Bumi Harjo Village was feasible to run with an R/C ratio> 1 which was 7.1. Based on the t-test it was found that the correlation between income and land area obtained t count = 9,346 > t table = 2,052 which means that there is a strong relationship, namely the more significant the land area, the higher the income earned. While the prospect of development is quite good, seen from the increase in the number of livestock populations in 2013 with animal feed needs reaching 2,183 tons per month, thus hybrid corn farming can be a recommendation for sustainable business.
EBSD Examination of Argon Ion Bombarded Ti-6Al-4V Samples Produced with DMLS Technology
Authors: Keresztes Zoltan , Pammer David , Szabo Peter Janos
Published: June 2019

Additive manufacturing (AM) indicated great technological increase in the last years. Primarily development of new methods, new computer softwares and more useable materials are responsible for this progression. AM has numerous advantages that cause the appearance of it in almost every field of industry. However this widely spread technology has many under examined properties, especially those, that uses metal as raw material. One of these less understood properties is the behavior of grains during the melting phase and the microstructure after production. The main aim of this study is to examine the microstructure of ion bombarded – using argon - AM produced Ti-6Al-4V samples applying EBDS investigation, measuring the grain size, and the orientation of the grains.
Mechanothermal Approach for N-, S-, P-, and B-Doping of Carbon Nanotubes: Methodology and Catalytic Performance in Wet Air Oxidation
Authors: Soares Olívia Salomé G. P. , Rocha Raquel P. , Órfão José J. M. , Pereira Manuel Fernando R. , Figueiredo José L.
Published: June 2019

The texture and the surface chemistry of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were modified using a solvent-free methodology involving a ball-milling mechanical treatment and thermal treatment under nitrogen in the presence of adequate precursors (melamine, sodium thiosulfate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and boric acid) of different heteroatoms (N, S, P, and B, respectively). The incorporation of these heteroatoms promotes significant changes in the pristine textural and chemical properties. This easy post-doping method allows the introduction of large concentrations of heteroatoms. Their effect on the catalytic activity of the materials was evaluated in the oxidation of oxalic acid by catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO), as an alternative to the noble metal and rare earth oxide catalysts traditionally used in this process. Improved catalytic activities were obtained using the N-, P-, and B-doped CNTs in oxalic acid oxidation, while the S-doped CNT sample underperformed in comparison to the pristine material.
Delivering Mobile Dentistry to the Geriatric Population—The Future of Dentistry
Authors: Chung Jim
Published: June 2019

The human population throughout the world is aging rapidly, and will require the adoption of new modes of dental practice to address the special needs of this demographic. These are some of the reflections of my decade of providing mobile dentistry to geriatric patients.
Learning Coefficient of Vandermonde Matrix-Type Singularities in Model Selection
Authors: Aoyagi Miki
Published: June 2019

In recent years, selecting appropriate learning models has become more important with the increased need to analyze learning systems, and many model selection methods have been developed. The learning coefficient in Bayesian estimation, which serves to measure the learning efficiency in singular learning models, has an important role in several information criteria. The learning coefficient in regular models is known as the dimension of the parameter space over two, while that in singular models is smaller and varies in learning models. The learning coefficient is known mathematically as the log canonical threshold. In this paper, we provide a new rational blowing-up method for obtaining these coefficients. In the application to Vandermonde matrix-type singularities, we show the efficiency of such methods.
Focusing of Ultrahigh Resolution Spaceborne Spotlight SAR on Curved Orbit
Authors: Qian Yulei , Zhu Daiyin
Published: June 2019

Aiming to acquire ultrahigh resolution images, algorithms for spaceborne spotlight synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging typically confront challenges of curved orbit and azimuth spectral aliasing. In order to conquer these difficulties, a method is proposed in this paper to obtain ultrahigh resolution spaceborne SAR images on a curved orbit, which is composed of the modified RMA (Range Migration Algorithm) and the modified deramping-based approach. The modified RMA is developed to deal with the effect introduced by a curved orbit and the modified deramping-based approach is utilized to handle the problem of azimuth spectral aliasing. In the modified RMA, the polynomial expression of SAR two-dimensional spectrum on a curved orbit is derived with fourth-order azimuth phase history model and series reversion. Then, the singular value decomposition (SVD) is applied to decompose the expression of SAR two-dimensional spectrum numerically in order to acquire coordinates for Stolt interpolation in the scenario of curved orbit. In addition, the modified deramping-based approach is derived by introducing orbital state vectors in order to accommodate the situation of curved orbit in the proposed method. Experiments are implemented on point target simulation in order to verify the effectiveness of the presented method. In experiments, the range and azimuth resolution can achieve 0.15 m and 0.14 m, with focused scene size of 3 km by 3 km.
Inhibition of Rejuvenation Liquid on Trees in XLPE Cables under Switching Impulse Voltages
Authors: Zhu Guangya , Zhou Kai , Gong Wei , He Min , Kong Jiaming , Li Kangle
Published: June 2019

In this paper, the inhibitory effect of preinjected rejuvenation liquid on trees in cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables was investigated. Experimental samples were prepared by inserting needles into XLPE samples, and many equally-spaced holes existed in the outer semiconductive layer. All cable samples were divided into two groups. One sample group was treated with rejuvenation liquid, while the other group was the control group. A tree accelerated aging system was used to obtain trees in the XLPE cable samples. During the aging experiment, an impulse voltage was applied to the samples repeatedly. The micromorphologies of the two groups were observed. Based on the micromorphologies, two parameters were determined: the initiation rate of electrical trees and the average length of trees. Furthermore, the electric field distribution was simulated to analyze the initiation of electrical trees. The results indicate that an electrical tree is much harder to initiate in the pretreated XLPE cables than in the untreated cables. This phenomenon is likely attributed to the dielectrophoretic forces in the pretreated cables. Moreover, rejuvenation liquid deposited in XLPE causes a substantial reduction in the Maxwell stress of molecular chains. Rejuvenation liquid inhibits electrical tree initiation and water tree growth to a great extent.
Hybrid Model Predictive Control Strategy of Supercapacitor Energy Storage System Based on Double Active Bridge
Authors: Wang Lujun , Guo Jiong , Xu Chen , Wu Tiezhou , Lin Huipin
Published: June 2019

In order to solve the problem of which the dynamic response of a supercapacitor (SC) is limited due to the mismatch dynamic characteristics between the DC/DC converter and supercapacitor in an energy storage system, this paper proposes a hybrid model predictive control strategy based on a dual active bridge (DAB). The hybrid model predictive control model considers the supercapacitor and DAB in a unified way, including the equivalent series resistance and capacitance parameters of the SC. The method can obtain a large charging and discharging current of the SC, thereby not only improving the overall response speed of the system, but also expanding the actual capacity utilization range of the SC. The simulation results show that compared with the model prediction method of the dual active bridge converter, the proposed control method can effectively improve the overall response speed of the system, which can be improved by at least 0.4 ms. In addition, the proposed method increases the actual upper limit of the SC voltage, reduces the actual lower limit of the SC voltage, and then expands the actual capacity utilization range of the SC by 18.63%. The proposed method has good application prospects in improving the dynamic response performance of energy storage systems.
Improving Indicators for Comparing Energy Poverty in the Canary Islands and Spain
Authors: Mendoza Aguilar Judit , Ramos-Real Francisco J. , Ramírez-Díaz Alfredo J.
Published: June 2019

In this work, energy poverty in the Canary Islands is analysed, and a new indicator to measure it is proposed. In the first place, a quantitative analysis has been conducted using different income-based indicators and contrasting the results with the Spanish situation during the 2006–2016 period. The archipelago presents some specific characteristics (high poverty rates combined with low energy consumption) that make necessary the introduction of an alternative, more robust indicator than those existing in the literature. Based on a combination of different income-based indicators, a new one is proposed, named “Compound Energy Poverty Indicator” (CEPI). The CEPI reveals the special features of the Canaries consistent with their regional singularities, as recommended by the European Union energy policies. The evolution of this indicator shows the greater impact of the 2008 economic crisis on the Canary Islands compared to Spain, almost reaching the Spanish energy poverty rates at the end of the period (12.5 versus 11.49). Moreover, the average growth rate from 2006 to 2016 (13.0%) results very high in comparison with the national 2.6%. The development of a systematic and coordinated strategy in the Canaries to assess the energy poverty incidence would not be possible without a proper, accurate indicator.
Simulation Study of CO2 Huff-n-Puff in Tight Oil Reservoirs Considering Molecular Diffusion and Adsorption
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Hu Jinghong , Zhang Qi
Published: June 2019

CO2 injection has great potentials to improve the oil production for the fractured tight oil reservoirs. However, Current works mainly focus on its operation processes; full examination of CO2 molecular diffusion and adsorption was still limited in the petroleum industry. To fill this gap, we proposed an efficient method to accurately and comprehensively evaluate the efficiency of CO2-EOR process. We first calculated the confined fluid properties with the nanopore effects. Subsequently, a reservoir simulation model was built based on the experiment test of the Eagle Ford core sample. History matching was performed for the model validation. After that, we examined the effects of adsorption and molecular diffusion on the multi-well production with CO2 injection. Results illustrate that in the CO2-EOR process, the molecular diffusion has a positive impact on the oil production, while adsorption negatively impacts the well production, indicating that the mechanisms should be reasonably incorporated in the simulation analysis. Additionally, simulation results show that the mechanisms of molecular diffusion and adsorption make great contributions to the capacity of CO2 storage in tight formations. This study provides a strong basis to reasonably forecast the long-term production during CO2 Huff-n-Puff process.
Temporal and Spatial Study of Water Quality and Trophic Evaluation of a Large Tropical Reservoir
Authors: Quevedo-Castro Alberto , Bandala Erick R. , Rangel-Peraza Jesús G. , Amábilis-Sosa Leonel E. , Sanhouse-García Antonio , Bustos-Terrones Yaneth A.
Published: June 2019

A water quality study was carried out at the Adolfo López Mateos (ALM) reservoir, one of the largest tropical reservoirs in Mexico, located within an intensive agricultural region. In this study, the seasonal and spatial variations of nine water quality parameters were evaluated at four different sites along the reservoir semiannually over a period of seven years (2012–2018), considering the spring (dry) and fall (rainy) seasons. An analysis of variance was performed to compare the mean values of the water quality parameters for the different sampling sites. Then, a multiparametric classification analysis was carried out to estimate the spatial density of the sampling points by using a probabilistic neural network (PNN) classifier. The observations (seasonal and spatial) of the water quality parameters at the ALM reservoir revealed no significant influence. The trophic status was evaluated using the Carlson Modified Trophic State Index, finding the trophic state of the reservoir at the mesotrophic level, with nitrogen being the limiting nutrient. The PNN revealed neural interactions between total suspended solids (TSS) and the other four parameters, indicating that the concentration ranges of five parameters are equally distributed and classified.
De Novo Sequencing, Assembly, and Annotation of Four Threespine Stickleback Genomes Based on Microfluidic Partitioned DNA Libraries
Authors: Berner Daniel , Roesti Marius , Bilobram Steven , Chan Simon K. , Kirk Heather , Pandoh Pawan , Taylor Gregory A. , Zhao Yongjun , Jones Steven J. M. , DeFaveri Jacquelin
Published: June 2019

The threespine stickleback is a geographically widespread and ecologically highly diverse fish that has emerged as a powerful model system for evolutionary genomics and developmental biology. Investigations in this species currently rely on a single high-quality reference genome, but would benefit from the availability of additional, independently sequenced and assembled genomes. We present here the assembly of four new stickleback genomes, based on the sequencing of microfluidic partitioned DNA libraries. The base pair lengths of the four genomes reach 92–101% of the standard reference genome length. Together with their de novo gene annotation, these assemblies offer a resource enhancing genomic investigations in stickleback. The genomes and their annotations are available from the Dryad Digital Repository (https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.113j3h7).
The Association between Perceived Adequacy and Capacity for School Food Policy Implementation with Food Availability and Policy Adherence in Nova Scotia, Canada
Authors: McIsaac Jessie-Lee D. , Penney Tarra L. , Mâsse Louise , Kirk Sara F.L.
Published: June 2019

Supporting the implementation of school food and nutrition policies is an international priority to encourage healthier eating among children and youth. Schools are an important intervention setting to promote childhood nutrition, and many jurisdictions have adopted policies, guidelines, and programs to modify the school nutrition environment and promote healthier eating. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between perceived adequacy of facilities or equipment and capacity of staff to support policy implementation with food availability and policy adherence in the province of Nova Scotia (NS), Canada, one of the first regions in Canada to launch a comprehensive school food and nutrition policy (SFNP). A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in 2014–2015 to provide a current-state assessment of policy implementation and adherence. Adequacy and capacity for food policy implementation was used to assess policy adherence through the availability of prohibited ‘minimum’ nutrition foods. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted on a selection of available foods, and ‘slow’- and ‘quick’-service food composition measures were dichotomized for food availability. Schools with above-average perceived adequacy and capacity for policy implementation had greater odds (OR = 3.62, CI = 1.56, 8.40) of adhering to a lunch policy, while schools that adhered to a snack and lunch policy had lower odds (OR = 0.48, CI = 0.23, 1.01 and OR = 0.18, CI = 0.08, 0.41) of serving quick-service foods. This study identified the need for appropriate adequacy of facilities or equipment and capacity of staff for policy implementation to ensure policy adherence and improve the school food environment. These findings highlight the relationship between school food and nutrition policies, suggesting that better supporting their implementation could increase the likelihood of their success.
Assessment of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Physical Activity Levels, and Quality of Life in Stratified Groups up to 10 Years after Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Costa Pereira Larissa Monteiro , Aidar Felipe J. , de Matos Dihogo Gama , de Farias Neto Jader Pereira , de Souza Raphael Fabrício , Sobral Sousa Antônio Carlos , de Almeida Rebeca Rocha , Prado Nunes Marco Antonio , Nunes-Silva Albená , da Silva Júnior Walderi Monteiro
Published: June 2019

Obesity is a highly prevalent chronic metabolic disease, with an increasing incidence, and is currently approaching epidemic proportions in developing countries. Ouraim was to evaluate the activity levels, quality of life (QoL), clinical parameters, laboratory parameters, and cardiometabolic risk factors afterbariatric surgery (BS). We classified78 patients who underwentBS into four groups, as follows: Those evaluated 1–2 years after BS (BS2), 2–4 years after BS (BS4), 4–6 years after BS (BS6), and 6–10 years after BS (BS+6). Body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), comorbidities associated with obesity (ACRO), physical activity level, and QoL were evaluated. Patients exhibited improvements in BW, BMI, cardiometabolic risk, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes and significant changes in lipid profiles in the first postoperative yearafter BS.The physical activity level inthe BS2, BS4, and BS6 groups was increased, compared with that in the first postoperative year, with a decrease in International Physical Activity Questionnaire scores at 1 year in the BS2 (207.50 ± 30.79), BS4 (210.67 ± 33.69), and BS6 (220.00 ± 42.78) groups. The QoL of patients in theBS2 and BS4 groups was excellent and that of patients in the BS4 and BS+6 groupswas very good. These findings suggest that BS promoted improved physical activity levels and QoL and reduced comorbidities in patients with morbid obesity.
Perspectives of Non-Pharmacy Professionals in Long-Term Care Facilities on Pharmacist-Involved Medication Management in South Korea: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Kwak Arim , Lee Euni , Oh Jung Mi , Ji Eunhee , Kim Kyungim
Published: June 2019

Despite a rapid increase in both the number of long-term care facilities (LTCFs) and their residents in recent years, the concept of pharmacist-involved medication management is relatively new in South Korea. The objective of this study was to identify the perspectives of non-pharmacy professionals regarding the development of pharmacist-involved medication management in LTCFs. Employing a snowball sampling strategy, this study relied on semi-structured, one-on-one, in-depth interviews with twelve non-pharmacy professionals in LTCFs. The inductive thematic analysis and the constant comparative method were employed for the analysis. Participants revealed the need for pharmacist-involved medication management systems in LTCFs at the intrinsic and environmental levels. Through pharmacist-involved medication management, participants desired “medication review/reconciliation” and “pharmaceutical education/counseling”. The barriers to be overcome included “the authorization of pharmacists’ roles”, “the financial stability of LTCFs”, “role awareness among coworkers”, and “the professional development of pharmacists”. In this study, we advanced our understanding of non-pharmacy professionals’ perceptions of pharmacist-involved medication management in LTCFs. The results of this study can be applied in other Asian countries where the development of pharmacist-involved medication management for the institutionalized elderly is relatively new.
The High Mobility Group A1 (HMGA1) Chromatin Architectural Factor Modulates Nuclear Stiffness in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Senigagliesi Beatrice , Penzo Carlotta , Severino Luisa Ulloa , Maraspini Riccardo , Petrosino Sara , Morales-Navarrete Hernan , Pobega Enrico , Ambrosetti Elena , Parisse Pietro , Pegoraro Silvia , Manfioletti Guidalberto , Casalis Loredana , Sgarra Riccardo
Published: June 2019

Plasticity is an essential condition for cancer cells to invade surrounding tissues. The nucleus is the most rigid cellular organelle and it undergoes substantial deformations to get through environmental constrictions. Nuclear stiffness mostly depends on the nuclear lamina and chromatin, which in turn might be affected by nuclear architectural proteins. Among these is the HMGA1 (High Mobility Group A1) protein, a factor that plays a causal role in neoplastic transformation and that is able to disentangle heterochromatic domains by H1 displacement. Here we made use of atomic force microscopy to analyze the stiffness of breast cancer cellular models in which we modulated HMGA1 expression to investigate its role in regulating nuclear plasticity. Since histone H1 is the main modulator of chromatin structure and HMGA1 is a well-established histone H1 competitor, we correlated HMGA1 expression and cellular stiffness with histone H1 expression level, post-translational modifications, and nuclear distribution. Our results showed that HMGA1 expression level correlates with nuclear stiffness, is associated to histone H1 phosphorylation status, and alters both histone H1 chromatin distribution and expression. These data suggest that HMGA1 might promote chromatin relaxation through a histone H1-mediated mechanism strongly impacting on the invasiveness of cancer cells.
Transcription Profiles Reveal the Regulatory Synthesis of Phenols during the Development of Lotus Rhizome (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn)
Authors: Min Ting , Bao Yinqiu , Zhou Baixue , Yi Yang , Wang Limei , Hou Wenfu , Ai Youwei , Wang Hongxun
Published: June 2019

Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn) is a wetland vegetable famous for its nutritional and medicinal value. Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites that play important roles in the browning of fresh-cut fruits and vegetables, and chemical constituents are extracted from lotus for medicine due to their high antioxidant activity. Studies have explored in depth the changes in phenolic compounds during browning, while little is known about their synthesis during the formation of lotus rhizome. In this study, transcriptomic analyses of six samples were performed during lotus rhizome formation using a high-throughput tag sequencing technique. About 23 million high-quality reads were generated, and 92.14% of the data was mapped to the reference genome. The samples were divided into two stages, and we identified 23,475 genes in total, 689 of which were involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. A complex genetic crosstalk-regulated network involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds was found during the development of lotus rhizome, and 25 genes in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, 18 genes in the pentose phosphate pathway, and 30 genes in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway were highly expressed. The expression patterns of key enzymes assigned to the synthesis of phenolic compounds were analyzed. Moreover, several differentially expressed genes required for phenolic compound biosynthesis detected by comparative transcriptomic analysis were verified through qRT-PCR. This work lays a foundation for future studies on the molecular mechanisms of phenolic compound biosynthesis during rhizome formation.
pH-Dependent Conformational Changes of KcsA Tetramer and Monomer Probed by Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Kniggendorf Ann-Kathrin , Schmidt David , Roth Bernhard , Plettenburg Oliver , Zeilinger Carsten
Published: June 2019

KcsA is a tetrameric potassium channel formed out of four identical monomeric subunits used as a standard model for selective potassium transport and pH-dependent gating. Large conformational changes are reported for tetramer and monomer upon gating, and the response of the monomer being controversial with the two major studies partially contradicting each other. KcsA was analyzed as functional tetramers embedded in liposomes and as monomer subunits with confocal Raman microscopy under physiological conditions for the active and the closed channel state, using 532 nm excitation to avoid introducing conformational changes during the measurement. Channel function was confirmed using liposome flux assay. While the classic fingerprint region below 1800 rel. cm−1 in the Raman spectrum of the tetramer was unaffected, the CH-stretching region between 2800 and 3200 rel. cm−1 was found to be strongly affected by the conformation. No pH-dependency was observed in the Raman spectra of the monomer subunits, which closely resembled the Raman spectrum of the tetramer in its active conformation, indicating that the open conformation of the monomer and not the closed conformation as postulated may equal the relaxed state of the molecule.
Pathogenicity and Virulence of Trueperella pyogenes: A Review
Authors: Rzewuska Magdalena , Kwiecień Ewelina , Chrobak-Chmiel Dorota , Kizerwetter-Świda Magdalena , Stefańska Ilona , Gieryńska Małgorzata
Published: June 2019

Bacteria from the species Trueperella pyogenes are a part of the biota of skin and mucous membranes of the upper respiratory, gastrointestinal, or urogenital tracts of animals, but also, opportunistic pathogens. T. pyogenes causes a variety of purulent infections, such as metritis, mastitis, pneumonia, and abscesses, which, in livestock breeding, generate significant economic losses. Although this species has been known for a long time, many questions concerning the mechanisms of infection pathogenesis, as well as reservoirs and routes of transmission of bacteria, remain poorly understood. Pyolysin is a major known virulence factor of T. pyogenes that belongs to the family of cholesterol-dependent cytolysins. Its cytolytic activity is associated with transmembrane pore formation. Other putative virulence factors, including neuraminidases, extracellular matrix-binding proteins, fimbriae, and biofilm formation ability, contribute to the adhesion and colonization of the host tissues. However, data about the pathogen–host interactions that may be involved in the development of T. pyogenes infection are still limited. The aim of this review is to present the current knowledge about the pathogenic potential and virulence of T. pyogenes.
Early Life Stress and High FKBP5 Interact to Increase Anxiety-Like Symptoms through Altered AKT Signaling in the Dorsal Hippocampus
Authors: Criado-Marrero Marangelie , Gebru Niat T. , Gould Lauren A. , Smith Taylor M. , Kim Sojeong , Blackburn Roy J. , Dickey Chad A. , Blair Laura J.
Published: June 2019

Clinical studies show a significant association of childhood adversities and FK506-binding protein 5 (FKBP5) polymorphisms on increasing the susceptibility for neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the mechanisms by which early life stress (ELS) influences FKBP5 actions have not been fully elucidated. We hypothesized that interactions between ELS and high FKBP5 induce phenotypic changes that correspond to underlying molecular changes in the brain. To test this, we exposed newborn mice overexpressing human FKBP5 in the forebrain, rTgFKBP5, to ELS using a maternal separation. Two months after ELS, we observed that ELS increased anxiety levels, specifically in mice overexpressing FKBP5, an effect that was more pronounced in females. Biochemically, Protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation was reduced in the dorsal hippocampus in rTgFKBP5 mice, which demonstrates that significant molecular changes occur as a result of ELS when FKBP5 levels are altered. Taken together, our results have a significant impact on our understanding mechanisms underlying the gene x environment interaction showing that anxiety and AKT signaling in the hippocampus were affected by the combination of ELS and FKBP5. An increased knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions may help determine if FKBP5 could be an effective target for the treatment of anxiety and other mood-related illnesses.
Increased FLYWCH1 Expression is Negatively Correlated with Wnt/β-catenin Target Gene Expression in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells
Authors: Almars Amany , Chondrou Panagiota S. , Onyido Emenike K. , Almozyan Sheema , Seedhouse Claire , Babaei-Jadidi Roya , Nateri Abdolrahman S.
Published: June 2019

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a heterogeneous clonal malignancy of hematopoietic progenitor cells. The Wnt pathway and its downstream targets are tightly regulated by β-catenin. We recently discovered a new protein, FLYWCH1, which can directly bind nuclear β-catenin. Herein, we studied the FLYWCH1/β-catenin pathway in AML cells using qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence assays. In addition, the stemness activity and cell cycle were analysed by the colony-forming unit (CFU) using methylcellulose-based and Propidium iodide/flow cytometry assays. We found that FLYWCH1 mRNA and protein were differentially expressed in the AML cell lines. C-Myc, cyclin D1, and c-Jun expression decreased in the presence of higher FLYWCH1 expression, and vice versa. There appeared to be the loss of FLYWCH1 expression in dividing cells. The sub-G0 phase was prolonged and shortened in the low and high FLYWCH1 expression cell lines, respectively. The G0/G1 arrest correlated with FLYWCH1-expression, and these cell lines also formed colonies, whereas the low FLYWCH1 expression cell lines could not. Thus, FLYWCH1 functions as a negative regulator of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in AML.