bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NEW METHODS FOR STRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT CAUSED BY OPEN INNOVATION IN RED BIOTECHNOLOGY
Authors: Kiss Balázs , Domonkos Dávid , Felföldi János
Published: September 2023

Red (pharmaceutical) biotechnology is currently one of the most innovative industries. A good example of this is the fight to develop a vaccine against the COVID-19 pandemic, or even the incredible dynamism of the development of anti-cancer drugs.Innovations always carry uncertainty within them - the authors of this article see and experience this every day during their managerial work related to R&D in the biotechnology sector. Decisions often have to be made on uncertain grounds, with incomplete information. Mapping all these anomalies and their root causes is also necessary according to what has been experienced in various organizations, but at the same time it is a very interesting and challenging task. One of the possible means of sharing and reducing the risk is the so-called Open innovation, which required innovations in the fields of technical, industrial rights protection, privacy protection, but also cooperation platforms.All this required a new organizational and structural operation from the actors. This means that technological innovation attracts and results in project innovations. We assume that organizational development and structural innovations were also achieved through these transfers. We are trying to validate this hypothesis with the help of interviews with professionals.Our thesis: the challenges arising from the special innovation of red biotech also caused and necessitated the innovation of organizational structures and the development of its organizational and structural functioning, to which open innovation gave outstanding help.
THE NEXUS BETWEEN SUSTAINABLE VALUE CHAIN ACTIVITIES AND FINANCIAL BENEFITS OF THE SOYBEAN VALUE CHAIN SYSTEM IN THE NORTHERN REGIONS OF GHANA
Authors: Ghartey William , Owusu Rebecca , Ahmed Ben , Atala TK
Published: September 2023

Soybean is an important crop that contributes to economic freedom and food security. The study of soybean value chain is therefore important to improve on the activities of the chain actors for an overall economic gains. This paper aims to examine the nexus between sustainable value chain and financial benefits of the soybean value chain system in Ghana. Specifically, we employ the triple bottom line model to examine the soybean value chain from economic, social and environmental perspectives using sample data from Ghana. With a sample size of 300 including all actors of the value chain, our findings reveal that chain actors do not differ in their perceptions of overall financial gains that accrued to them with their involvement in chain economic activities. The findings further revealed that perceived financial sustainability of chain activities was affected by tangible financial benefits. Moreover, the results further show that chain actors’ perception of social sustainability performance was significantly affected by expected overall financial gains that accrue to them as a result of their participation in chain economic activities.
Effect of DMC blend ratio on emission characteristics for diesel engine generator fueled with DMC/diesel blended fuel
Authors: Kawakami Tadashige , Liu Jinru , Jin Meiling , Eto Kuniyoshi
Published: September 2023

Energy shortage and environmental problems are two dominant subjects. The diesel engine is well-known for its high thermal efficiency but severe emission problems. For the urgent fossil fuel resources, the substantial surrogate fuel, dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is attracting attention for its high oxygen content. Its application in diesel engines has won increasing focus. However, it is difficult to fuel diesel engines directly with DMC due to its low cetane number and high latent vaporization heat. In this study, the DMC/diesel blend with 5%, 10%, 15% DMC by volume are prepared to investigate the emission characteristics. Since the combustion process is strongly influenced by the addition of low boiling point DMC boosts the atomization and liquid fuel mixture, the emissions of hydrocarbons and particulate matter are significantly reduced by the DMC addiction especially on the high-load conditions. Also, the nitrogen oxide emission has slight reduction on the high-load conditions. The scope for balancing NOx and PM emissions exists.
Yer Bilimi Konuları ile İlgili Ortaokul Öğrencilerine Yönelik Başarı Testi Geliştirme Çalışması
Authors: Keskin  Çevik Güneş , Sürmeli Hikmet
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı fen eğitiminde yer bilimi konularına yönelik ortaokul öğrencilerinin kavramsal bilgilerini ölçmek için geçerli ve güvenilir bir test geliştirmektir. Test soruları hazırlanmadan önce kazanım listeleri oluşturulmuş, MEB fen bilimleri öğretim programında yer alan kazanım listelerinin sınırlı (yetersiz) olduğu görülmüştür. Bu sebeple uluslararası sınavlarda başarı sağlayan, fen bilimleri öğretim programlarına ulaşılabilen ülkelerin yer bilimi kazanımları da dikkate alınarak, kazanım listesi genişletilmiştir. Testteki sorular ve kazanımlar arası uyumu sağlayabilmek için belirtke tablosu oluşturulup, öğretmenlerin ve alan uzmanlarının görüşlerine başvurulmuştur. Testin pilot çalışması 48 öğrenciyle yapılıp, teste son hali verilmiştir. Yer Bilimi Başarı Testi (YBBT) 187 yedinci sınıf öğrencisine uygulanmıştır. Test sonuçlarının KR20 güvenirlik katsayısı .810 olarak bulunmuştur. Yapılan madde analizi ile testin ortalama madde güçlük ve ayırt edicilik endeksleri sırasıyla 0,556 ve 0,411 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu sonuçlar geliştirilen Yer Bilimi Başarı Testi (YBBT) ile geçerli ve güvenilir sonuçlara ulaşıldığını göstermektedir. Geliştirilen testin fen eğitimi alanına katkı sağlaması ve konu ile ilgili gelecekte yapılacak araştırmalarda kullanılması hedeflenmektedir. Bu test ile birlikte öğretmenlerin, öğrencilerinin yer bilimi konularındaki bilgi düzeylerini ölçme ve buna bağlı olarak da öğrenme etkinliklerini düzenleyebilme imkânı bulacaklarına inanılmaktadır.
Primer Simposio Internacional de Enfoques Innovadores en ciencias de la vida: hacia una visión más cuantitativa del mundo
Authors: Sánchez-Rodríguez Aminael
Published: September 2023

El avance de la ciencia ha sido impulsado constantemente por la búsqueda de respuestas a preguntas fundamentales, la exploración de nuevos enfoques y la aplicación de metodologías innovadoras1. En el Primer Simposio Internacional de Enfoques Innovadores en Ciencias de la Vida, celebrado con entusiasmo y dedicación, se han presentado trabajos que representan un espectro diverso de investigaciones en áreas que van desde la biotecnología hasta la salud humana. A través de un análisis profundo de datos y una perspectiva científica rigurosa, estos trabajos han contribuido a una visión más cuantitativa y esclarecedora del mundo que nos rodea.
Caracterización fenotípica en flores de Cacao (Theobroma cacao l.) en 40 híbridos experimentales en la finca experimental La Represa
Authors: Erazo-Solorzano Cyntia , Vera-Chang Jaime , Tuarez-García Diego , Vásquez-Cortez Luis , Alvarado-Vásquez Kerly , Zambrano Carlos , Mindiola Véliz Karen , Mora Yela Raúl , Revilla Escobar karol
Published: September 2023

Pollination is one of the most decisive practices in cocoa cultivation; therefore, to determine the self-compatibility and evaluate the morphology of the flower, it was carried out in the experimental farm "La Represa", Quevedo, Ecuador. For this purpose, a completely randomized DCA design was used, with forty treatments, considering treatments the cocoa hybrids used, with three repetitions. Tukey's multiple range test (P≤0.05) was applied to determine the differences between the means. Manual pollination tests were performed to determine the percentage of fertilization with fifteen flowers per treatment, whose pollination rate stood out in the T26 and T38 treatments with 100% self-compatibility, followed by T15 and T35 with 80% anti-incompatibility. Variables such as the length and width of sepal and petal, peduncle length, length of staminoid and pistil, and the weight of the flower were also recorded where different hybrids stood out, such as T1 and T11 for sepal length and width with 2.70 and 8.20 mm respectively. In the height and width of the petal, the T10 and T26 treatments stood out with 2.50 mm. In the size of the peduncle, I highlight the T20 with 1.81 mm and T6 with 6.20 mm for the length of the staminoid. The length of the pistil, the T10, obtained the highest index at 2.50 mm. However, the weight of the flower highlighted the T13 and T20 treatments, registering the highest average with 0.065 g, concerning the other hybrids studied.

Keywords: Autocompatibility, cocoa , hybrids , pollination ; flowers .
Efectos de la dieta mediterránea en medidas antropométricas en una población ecuatoriana
Authors: López Gamboa Yoel , Lafita Frómeta Roelbis
Published: September 2023

Eating habits constitute cultural patterns inherited from families, distinctive elements that identify people. The objective of this study was to determine the effects produced by anthropometric measurements in people who attended a nutritional clinic in the city of Guayaquil, Ecuador. A cross-sectional study was carried out between November 2021 and February 2022. The normality of the variables was determined with the Shapiro-Wilks statistical test, and then the T student was calculated for dependent samples to assess the effect of the diet. In the aforementioned anthropometric parameters before and after the intervention. To evaluate the impact of the diet by sex, the T student was performed for independent samples. The results showed statistically significant differences in body mass index, abdominal circumference and muscle mass but not in fat percentage. In contrast, concerning sex, only a statistically significant difference was evidenced in muscle mass. The Mediterranean diet showed positive results in the body composition indicators evaluated, decreasing the BMI, the percentage of fat, and the abdominal circumference while favoring the increase in muscle mass.

Keywords: Mediterranean Diet; body composition, obesity
Beyond reproduction: Exploring the Non-Canonical roles of the Kisspeptin System in Diverse Biological Systems
Authors: Rodríguez Sarmiento Deisy Yurley
Published: September 2023

G protein-coupled receptors are integral membrane proteins in cell signaling processes. Activation of G protein-coupled receptors by specific agonists promotes the activation of different G-proteins, activating different intracellular signaling pathways, including adenylate cyclase activation and intracellular calcium release. One of the G protein-coupled receptors studied is the kisspeptin receptor, which regulates reproduction and gonadotropin secretion. However, recent studies have shown that kisspeptin and its receptor have non-canonical roles in cell signaling and several biological systems. In the present review, we will present these different functions exerted by the kisspeptin system in different biological systems, such as the central nervous system, the cardiovascular system, and the immune system, as well as the role of this system in pathologies such as preeclampsia, diabetes, and cancer. Understanding their non-canonical roles in cell signaling may have important implications in developing new therapies for various diseases.

Keywords: Kisspeptin-1 Receptor, Kisspeptins, G-protein coupled receptor, Signal Transduction, Cancer, Diabetes Mellitus, Preeclampsia.
Identificación y caracterización morfológica de hongos asociados a daños en tuna (Opuntia ficus-indica), en la provincia de Chimborazo, Ecuador
Authors: Espinoza Castro María Fernanda , Rivera Casignia Álvaro Mauricio , Rivas Figueroa Fernando José , Leiva Mora Michel
Published: September 2023

This research aimed to identify and morphologically characterize fungi associated with symptoms in cultivating prickly pear (Opuntia) in Chimborazo, Ecuador. Samples of cladodes were collected at different growth stages, including immature and mature stages, exhibiting necrotic areas, chlorotic spots, fissures, pimples, and halos. Sampling was conducted in productive regions of Tunshi, Chingazos, Alacao, and the main campus of the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo in the province of Chimborazo. Fungi were isolated by directly inoculating disinfested "affected" portions of cladodes. Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) was used as the culture medium to obtain fungal isolates. A total of 44 isolates of filamentous fungi were obtained and identified based on their cultural and morphological characteristics using taxonomic keys. The predominant fungal genera among the isolates were Alternaria sp. (50%), followed by Fusarium sp. (9.09%), Scytalidium sp. (9.09%), Cladosporium sp. (6.82%), Geotrichum sp. (6.82%), Trichoderma sp. (4.55%), Armillaria sp. (2.27%), Rhizopus sp. (2.27%), and unidentified fungi (9.09%). This study represents the first report conducted in the province of Chimborazo regarding fungal species associated with this crop, paving the way for further complementary molecular studies to determine the taxonomic position of those isolates that could not be classified using taxonomic keys.

Keywords: Characterization; Identification; Sympomatology; Causal Agents; Fungi
Obesity and overweight as an international public health problem
Authors: Rosales-Ricardo Yury , Ortiz-Perez Mireya , Lopez-Merino Fernanda , Perez-Garcia Belen
Published: September 2023

The study aimed to analyze the theoretical references of obesity as a public health problem at the international level. Obesity has been associated with a high risk of chronic diseases such as hypertension, heart failure, and diabetes mellitus type II. However, it is unpredictable to calculate the social costs and losses of psychosocial well-being, causing stress and depression. However, to correctly treat this pathology that affects us so much, it is necessary to start with a correct and effective diagnosis, which should be carried out by physicians, nutritionists and other specialists in primary health care. To this end, a review of the literature on the subject was carried out in the databases of academic journals: Web of Science (Core Collection) Scopus, Medline through Pubmed and Scielo. Obesity is a severe social health problem since it affects many people worldwide, and only through scientific and technological development can it be adequately treated, diagnosed and prevented.

Keywords: obesity; health; quality of life; chronic diseases
Cloning, expression, purification and characterization of the recombinant nucleocapsid protein from SARS-CoV-2 and its combination with a CpG ODN-39M
Authors: Lobaina Yadira , Musacchio Alexis , Ai Panchao , Chen Rong , Suzarte Edith , Tan Changyuan , Silva Ricardo , Yang Ke , Perera Yasser , Hermida Lisset
Published: September 2023

Several studies have reported the ability of the nucleocapsid (N) protein from the SARS-CoV-2 virus to interact with RNA in vitro. Nevertheless, its capacity to interact with deoxyribonucleic acid has yet to be widely described. In the present work, the nucleocapsid protein from the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant was obtained in E. coli. The recombinant protein was purified, immune identified and incubated with different quantities of the ODN-39M, a CpG ODN with adjuvant properties. As a result, a curve of precipitation was obtained. The analysis by agarose gel electrophoresis of the mixtures revealed that ODN-39M retarded its mobility, whereas the protein increased its migration. When a sample of N+ODN-39M was crosslinked and analyzed by SDS-PAGE, high molecular weight aggregates were detected. Accordingly, upon analysis by Transmission Electron Microscopy, particles of approximately 20 nm were visualized in both samples of N protein, with and without ODN-39M. However, aggregates of particles were abundant in the mixture. Notably, such structures kept the ability of N protein to be recognized by human sera of COVID-19 convalescent donors. We can assert that nucleocapsid protein can bind to deoxyribonucleic acid. Such interaction changed the protein conformation, contributing to the previously reported immunogenicity in mice of N+ODN-39M complexes.

Keywords: Nucleocapsid, SARS-CoV-2, ODN-39M, Particles
Aislamiento y caracterización de cepas nativas de Trichoderma en la provincia de Tungurahua, Ecuador
Authors: Michel Leiva-Mora , Solis Natalys , Jiménez González Alfredo , Guerrero Cando David Anibal
Published: September 2023

The present work aimed to isolate and characterize native strains of Trichoderma from Tungurahua, Ecuador. Four methods were used for isolation, the serial dilutions from soil samples being the one that allowed the most significant amount of Trichoderma isolates to be obtained. The diameter of the hyphae, the diameter of the conidia, and the length of the phialides were very similar among the four Trichoderma isolates. The conidiophores were branched with a dry appearance, ellipsoidal to spherical shape. The walls of the conidia were smooth. The conidia were colorless to green. Bottle-shaped phialides were observed in all isolates.

Keywords: conidia, colony, fungi, morphology, phialide
Characteristics of the Evolution of China’s Regional Economic Differences Based on the Perspective of Urban Agglomerations
Authors: Li Shichao , Meng Deyou
Published: September 2023

Urban agglomerations are becoming an important spatial carrier for China’s industrialisation and new-type urbanisation, and an important engine to drive the national economic development, and regional economic differences based on urban agglomerations have also become a new feature of China’s regional differences in the new period. Based on the urban agglomeration perspective, we quantitatively measure China’s regional economic differences from 2001 to 2020 through the two-stage nested decomposition method of the Theil Index, and analyse the evolutionary characteristics of the economic differences within the 19 urban agglomerations in the country by decomposing them into four major regions: East, Central, West and Northeast, and the differences between the urban agglomerations within the regions and the economic differences within the urban agglomerations. The study found that: (1) Overall the overall differences of the region with urban agglomerations as the core were gradually shrinking. In terms of the trend of changes in the differences at all levels, the economic differences between regions and within urban agglomerations were significantly reduced, and the changes in the economic differences between urban agglomerations were not obvious. In terms of contribution rate, the contribution rate of intra-urban agglomeration differences had always remained at a high level, reaching about half of the overall economic differences in the country, and was the primary contributing factor to the overall economic differences. (2) In terms of absolute differences, the economic differences among urban agglomerations in the four regions showed a clear pattern of “East > West > Central ≈ Northeast”. (3) The intra-cluster economic differences of each urban agglomeration in 20 years were at different levels and showed a differentiated trend of evolution, and the areas with relatively more prominent intra-cluster economic differences were the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration in the east, and the Lan-xi urban agglomeration and the North Slope of Tianshan Mountain urban agglomeration in the northwestern region. The economic differences of urban agglomerations are the result of a variety of factors, and the reasons for the formation of regional economic differences are analysed from the factors of economic location, national regional development policies, human resource factors and high-speed traffic differences within the urban agglomerations.
Analysis of Pinduoduo Social E-commerce Model
Authors: Liu Xingyi
Published: September 2023

With the changes of the times, the internet is becoming increasingly important and mobile phones have become ubiquitous in people’s lives. More and more people are willing to purchase goods online, and e-commerce has entered a new and flourishing stage of development. A single e-commerce marketing model can no longer meet the needs of consumers, therefore, social e-commerce has emerged. The e-commerce industry in China has been developing for over a decade, with various stages gradually maturing and e-commerce constantly growing. At this time, Pinduoduo launched a unique marketing model that integrates social and e-commerce into consumer services. With its unique social e-commerce model, Pinduoduo has become a leader in the e-commerce industry in just three years and has opened up a new field for e-commerce with its unique social e-commerce marketing.
"Evaluating Water Health: A Review of Varied Water Quality Index Computation Techniques"
Authors: Zaman Musaib Ul , Pandit Dr. B. A. , Singh Dr. Ranvir , Zulfiya Dr. Mirkhasilova
Published: September 2023

Abstract: The Water Quality Index (WQI) is a useful and distinctive assessment that summarises the state of the water supply in a single phrase, making it easier to choose the best treatment method to address the challenges at hand. WQI, on the other hand, illustrates the combined impact of several water quality measures and disseminates water quality data to the general public and legislative decision-makers. Despite the lack of a universally recognised composite water quality index, certain nations have utilised and are still utilising aggregated water quality data to construct water quality indices. There have been attempts to evaluate the WQI standards for the suitability of drinking water sources. The current article also emphasises and brings attention to the creation of a new, widely used "Water Quality Index" in a simpler format, which may be used to reflect an accurate representation of water quality.
Comparison of Classifiers with Application on DCE-MRI and Preterm Birth
Authors: Hema G
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Cervical cancer and Preterm birth in a pregnant woman is the most serious issues. The aim of our study was to compare different classifiers with SVM and its application. Various statistical methods are proposed to predict special factors. In this probability distribution is used to predict the desired outcome. However, most of the times enough information about the probability distribution is not available. In such situation, we need well predictors with minimum assumptions. Support vector machine (SVM) is a good statistical method for prediction. First order statistical features of the Brix parameters were used. First and second order features were used as explanatory variables for support vector machine (SVM) classification. Second order GLCM features could significantly predict treatment outcome with more accuracies. The performance of the classifiers is measured in terms of accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity. Finally, the result indicates the SVM classifier generates highest level accuracy, which is higher than other classifiers.
Neural Network Based Controller for Demand Response Management for a College Building
Authors: Choubey Harshit , Parakh Dr. Arun
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Energy management refers to the optimization of the energy system, one of the most intricate and significant technological inventions that we are aware of. While optimising has a lot of experience, the demand side is what drives the production and distribution of energy. Research and business are paying more attention to Demand Side Management (DSM) portfolio includes actions to enhance the energy infrastructure next to the consumer. It varies from enhancing energy efficiency by the use of superior materials over clever incentives in energy prices for specific use habits, increasing advanced real-time management of dispersed energy resources. In this paper, Neural Network based contreiler has been designed to perform the load balancing using a load profile of commercial college building dataset. The results obtained show the regression fir of 99.9% and error of 0.0005%.
Influence of employees' perception of digital transformation meaning on work engagement and well-being
Authors: Deng Dandan , Xu Guangyi , Qin Chuanyan
Published: September 2023

Applying the perspective of sensemaking, in this study we examined the multiple mediating effects of employees??? supportive intention for digital transformation and work engagement in the relationship between their perception of meaning in the digital transformation and their workplace
wellbeing. Data were collected in two waves from a sample of 213 knowledgebased employees of a high-technology company located in southern China. The results showed that perceived digital transformation meaning enhanced employees??? workplace well-being through motivating digital transformation
supportive intention and work engagement. Digital transformation supportive intention and work engagement played a chain mediating effect between perceived digital transformation meaning and workplace well-being. These findings contribute to understanding of how perceived digital transformation
meaning positively affects employees??? work outcomes.
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT POLISHING METHODS ON THE COLOR STABILITY OF PORCELAIN: AN IN-VITRO STUDY
Authors: Abo-Reem Faiza M. , Al-Shami Ibrahim Zaid , Al-Hamzi Mohsen Ali , Al-hamzi Amani Hussein Y , Al-Shamahy Hassan Abdulwahab
Published: September 2023

Background and aim: As a result, an ongoing study is required to determine the effect of different polishing methods on the color stability of feldspathic porcelain surfaces exposed to four staining solutions at different time intervals in order to determine the most appropriate polishing method that results in better color stability for long periods, which was the goal of this study.
Material and methods: This in-vitro study included 80 disc-shaped feldspathic porcelain specimens which were self-fabricated, all the specimens were auto glazed to close any pores, then randomly divided into 4 equal groups of 20 specimens.   Specimens of the unpolished group (control group) underwent a removal of their glaze layer, another group was untreated (auto glazed), whereas the other two groups were prepared based on two polishing systems (over-glazed and polished). Specimens of each group (n=20) were divided into 4 groups (n=5) to be immersed in 4 staining solutions (distilled water as a control group, prepared khat extract, prepared red tea, Delsi soft drink). The color measurement of each specimen was assessed before immersion and after 1, 7 and 14 days of immersion.
Results: The interaction between unpolished porcelain surfaces and khat extract or red tea showed significant higher increase in color change over time (p<0.05), whereas their interaction with Pepsi or distilled water showed no significant differences (p> 0.05). The interaction between over glazed or auto glazed porcelain surfaces and each stain showed no significant differences over time (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Time plays an important role in the discoloration of feldspathic porcelain. Khat has the highest staining ability followed by red tea; however, Pepsi has the lowest staining ability due to the lack of colorant. Over glazed and auto glazed groups showed better prolonged color stability of porcelain surfaces than the polished group; however, the polishing method can be an effective and more preferable alternative as it has acceptable ∆E values and is free from the limitations of glazing methods.
                        
Peer Review History:
Received: 17 June 2023; Revised: 19 July; Accepted: 28 August, Available online: 15 September 2023
Academic Editor: Dr. DANIYAN Oluwatoyin Michael, Obafemi Awolowo University, ILE-IFE, Nigeria, toyinpharm@gmail.com
Received file:                             Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Sheikh Abdul Khaliq, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan, drsheikh1974@gmail.com
Dr. Bilge Ahsen KARA, Ankara Gazi Mustafa Kemal Hospital, Turkey, ahsndkyc@gmail.com
EVALUATION OF CALORIC INTAKE, KNOWLEDGE, AND PRACTICES ON POSTOPERATIVE REFEEDING IN DIGESTIVE SURGERY IN NGAOUNDERE HOSPITALS, ADAMAWA REGION, CAMEROON
Authors: Valentine Tsague Marthe , Marcel Nguimbou Richard , Wilfred Ngaha Damndja , Raoul Sineche Ngunte , Archange Modjo Gabriel , Roger Ngadjui Ngodjoum Donald , Jacqueline Ze Minkande
Published: September 2023

Background and objective: Insufficient caloric intake among postoperative digestive surgery patients, linked to a lack of knowledge and practices regarding their re-feeding, is a frequent health problem in developing countries. The aim of this study was to assess the caloric intake of postoperative digestive surgery patients, as well as the knowledge and practices related to their refeeding in two hospitals in the city of Ngaoundere.
Methods: This was an observational, analytical, cross-sectional, prospective cohort study over a 5 months period from June to November 2022, focusing on the patients, the diets of post-digestive surgery patients, their nurses, and the operating theatre nursing staff. Caloric targets were defined as those with mean intakes above 15 kcal/kg/day at day 3 and 25 kcal/kg/day at discharge.
Results: A total of 134 patients, 240 caretakers, 20 nursing staff, and 614 dieters (meals) were included in the study. Males were more represented, with rates of 82.1%, 56.7%, and 75% for patients, nurses, and staff respectively. 25.4% of day-3 caloric targets and 24.6% of discharge caloric targets were met. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to investigate daily variations in means for each macronutrient, the difference being significant at p<0.05. Lack of information and practice on the composition of a porridge, food frequency score, feeding chronology, and lack of nursing practice on the part of operating room nursing staff, were the main reasons observed.
Conclusion: The dietary balance in postoperative digestive surgery patients and the practices of re-feeding are deficient in the 2 hospitals in the town of Ngaoundere, suggesting an in-depth study of the dietary consequences they may have, such as undernutrition.
                        
Peer Review History:
Received: 15 June 2023; Revised: 13 July; Accepted: 29 August, Available online: 15 September 2023
Academic Editor: Dr. Gehan Fawzy Abdel Raoof Kandeel, Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622,  Giza, Egypt, gehankandeel9@yahoo.com 
Received file:                             Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Prof. Hassan A.H. Al-Shamahy, Sana'a University, Yemen, shmahe@yemen.net.ye
Dr. Muhammad Zahid Iqbal, AIMST University, Malaysia, drmmziqbal@gmail.com
COMPARISON OF ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY OF MRSA WITH MSSA AMONG STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATES FROM PATIENTS IN THE 48 MILITARY HOSPITAL IN SANA'A CITY, YEMEN
Authors: Al-Huraibi Belques Sharaf , Al-Shehari Mohammed Mohammed , Al-Moyed Khaled Abdulkareem , Al-Shami Huda Zaid , Al-Hymia Faisal Mohamed , Al-Shamahy Hassan Abdulwahab
Published: September 2023

Background and objectives:  A number of infectious disorders can be opportunistically brought on by Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus), which colonizes human skin and mucous membranes. Methicillin (MRSA) resistance is a frequent occurrence, as are resistances to a number of clinically useful antibiotics. Though MRSA affects healthcare systems and society all throughout the world, it is most severe in underdeveloped countries. The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) advises that cumulative antibiotic data for S. aureus be analyzed and reported on an annual basis to help clinicians choose the best preliminary empirical antimicrobial therapy. The most recent report from our center on this subject, however, was more than 7 years ago.
Subjects and methods: Well-proven S. aureus data were gathered from inpatient and outpatient clinical samples at the 48th Military Hospital, Sana'a, Yemen, from January 1, 2022, through December 2022, using a retrospective cross-sectional design. Using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion, antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was carried out. Calculations were made on the rate of antibiotic resistance between MRSA and MSSA as well as the correlation between MRSA.
Results: Among the 265 unique isolates, the overall prevalence of MRSA was 37.4%. Inpatients had a greater risk factor for MRSA with an OR of 2.7 (p<0.001). A risk factor was also found with the catheter sample, and devices with an OR=3.7 (p=0.003). Methicillin resistance was predictive of resistance to most antibiotics. Zero resistance rate to linezolid, and vancomycin was observed for the MRSA and MSSA strains. The prevalence of multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates was 60.4%. Significantly higher in MRSA (68.7%) versus 55.4% for MSSA.
Conclusion: This study's MRSA prevalence was higher than that of earlier research from the same hospital; it is a progressive issue and much below the desired rates. Additionally, there was notable resistance to erythromycin, imipenem, and clindamycin. Vancomycin and linezolid are currently the top two options for the empiric treatment of MRSA. In order to stop the emergence of MDR species, it is suggested against giving newer antibacterial medications while the older ones are still effective.
                         
Peer Review History:
Received: 24 June 2023; Revised: 19 July; Accepted: 29 August, Available online: 15 September 2023
Academic Editor: Dr. Tamer Elhabibi, Suez Canal University, Egypt, tamer_hassan@pharm.suez.edu.eg
Received file:                             Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Rola Jadallah, Arab American University, Palestine, rola@aauj.edu
Dr. Tamer Elhabibi, Suez Canal University, Egypt, tamer_hassan@pharm.suez.edu.eg
Pengelolaan Online Customer Review dalam Upaya Peningkatan Kualitas Pelayanan
Authors: Pratiwi Ni Made Krisna , Mariani Ni Wayan Rena , Amir Firlie Lanovia
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu pentingya peran dari pengelolaan online customer review dalam upaya meningkatkan dimensi kualitas pelayanan berdasarkan model SERVQUAL di Puri Santrian Beach Resort & Spa. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dari situs online review, Trip Advisor, dan diolah menggunakan metode analisis data kualitatif dari Miles & Hubberman yang terdiri dari tiga bentuk kegiatan : reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat banyak komentar negatif perihal kualitas pelayanan yang terjadi berulang kali. Hal tersebut terjadi karena kurang maksimalnya pengelolaan online customer review. Pihak manajemen tidak sepenuhnya menyelesaikan permasalahan yang terjadi hingga tuntas, dan hal tersebut menyebabkan munculnya permasalahan yang sama dikemudian hari. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan online customer review memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam upaya peningkatan dimensi kualitas pelayanan. Pihak manajemen hotel harus lebih fokus dalam hal tersebut untuk dapat memberikan kepuasan kepada pelanggan.
 
This research is intend to empirically examine the important role of online review management in an attempt to improve service quality dimensions based on SERVQUAL model in Puri Santrian Beach Resort & Spa. Data were collected from online review platform, Trip Advisor, and using Miles & Hubberman qualitative data analysis which consist of three concurrent flow of activities: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Analysis results indicates that there are still a lot of negative comments regarding the service quality dimension that occurred repeatedly. It is caused by poorly managed online customer review. The management did not completely solve the problem from its’ roots which caused the same problem in the future. It implies that online review management plays a very important role in an attempt to improve service quality. The hotel management should focus on improving service quality dimension through online review management which leads to customer satisfaction.
Pengaruh Komunikasi dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Hotel
Authors: Semara Putu Angga , Aprinica Ni Putu Isha , Wirawan Putu Eka
Published: September 2023

Kinerja menjadi pokok masalah utama yang terjadi pada NEO Kuta Jelantik Hotel. Secara garis besar penurunan kinerja dipengaruhi oleh faktor komunikasi (X1) dan disiplin kerja (X2) dari karyawan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di NEO Kuta Jelantik Hotel, yaitu pada bulan Maret hingga Agustus Tahun 2020. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi linear berganda yang digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Komunikasi (X1) dan Disiplin Kerja (X2) terhadap Kinerja (Y) karyawan di NEO Kuta Jelantik Hotel, dengan penyebaran kuesioner kepada 30 karyawan dan teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan ialah teknik sampling kuota (quote sampling). Pengujian hipotesis penelitian menggunakan SPSS25.0. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Komunikasi (X1) dan Disiplin Kerja (X2) berpengaruh signifikan secara parsial terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Y). Kemudian, Komunikasi (X1) dan Disiplin Kerja (X2) berpengaruh signifikan secara simultan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Y). Disarankan agar komunikasi dan disiplin kerja diperhatikan oleh manajemen karena akan mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan NEO Kuta Jelantik Hotel.
 
Performance is one of the main problems at NEO Kuta Jelantik Hotel. Generally decline in performance is influenced by communication factors (X1) and work discipline (X2) from employees. This research was conducted at theNEO Kuta Jelantik Hotel, from March to August 2020. Method of analysis data is multiple linear regression by distributing questionnaires to 30 respondents (employees) and used the technique quote sampling and also processed by SPSS 25.0. Results of this study is indicate Communication (X1) and Work Dicipline (X2) has a significant effect by partiallyon Employee Perfomance (Y). Then Communication (X1) and Work Discipline (X2) have a significant effect by simultaneously on Employee Perfomance (Y). It is recommended that communication and work discipline are considered by management because will to influence the employee performance.
Conjunctivitis Outbreak in the Asian Region: Challenges, Efforts and Recommendations
Authors: Ashfaq Areeba , Rasheed Ayesha , Aslam Mutiba , Ashfaq Sana , Kashif Hamna , Christina Carol
Published: September 2023

Conjunctivitis refers to an inflammatory condition of membrane that
lines the eyelid and areas of sclera. It is the most common cause of
‘pink eye’, having an infectious (viruses and bacteria) and
non-infectious (allergens and irritants) etiology. Virus causes up-to
75% of all cases. Acute viral conjunctivitis is most commonly caused by
the Human Adenovirus(HAdV),characterized by redness, itching, discharge
and photophobia , occasionally accompanied by pre-auricular
lymphadenopathy. It is currently causing outbreaks in Karachi, Pakistan
resulting in significant impact on already exhausted healthcare
services, adding on to social and economic burden, encompassing expenses
associated with emergency department or general practitioner visits,
diagnostic examinations, prescription therapies, and productivity loss
stemming from work or school absences. Notably, the over prescription of
antibiotics for viral conjunctivitis stands as a prominent cost within
healthcare system. Inaccurate details circulated by the public about the
spread of the disease can exacerbate anxiety and stress levels among the
general population. Therefore, it is essential to increase awareness
about conjunctivitis and it’s transmission among general population, to
ensure that necessary precautions are taken and effective management
strategies are made .This article discusses impact of conjunctivitis and
recommendations to address potential challenges
Oral Microbiota as Potential Biomarkers for Predicting Head and Neck Tumorigenesis
Authors: Al-Dhafiri Sura T. J. , Al-Khafaji Ahmed S. K.
Published: September 2023

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common form of Head and
Neck cancers. Recently, the focus has been given to the role of
bacterial microbiota causing periodontal diseases in increasing the risk
of developing OSCC. To investigate the potential role of microbiome
dysbiosis in predicting the oral tumuorigenesis. Thirteen representative
samples out of 166 collected clinical specimens were subjected for
microbiome sequencing analysis according to the demographic data of the
recruited individuals. The samples represented 3 groups; OSCC patients
(n=4), patients with non-malignant oral diseases (n=3) and apparently
healthy individuals (n=7). Small fragment library of 16S rRNA
amplicon at variable region (V3-V4) was constructed on the Illumina
NovaSeq sequencing platform. Version QIIME2 software with implemented
DADA2 plugin was used for the paired-end reads obtained by sequencing,
splicing, filtering and noise reduction. The effective data obtained was
subjected to species annotation and abundance analysis to reveal the
species composition of the samples by the identification of the
bacterial Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs). The results revealed that
Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia,
Haemophilus, Prevotella, Veillonella,
Capnocytophaga, and Streptococcus were among the most
prevalent genera in oral cancer samples in comparison to either the
healthy or non-malignant counterparts.  The dysbiosis of
Porphyromonas, Prevotella, and Veillonella was
markedly identified among the examined groups and, therefore, could be
possible predictor of oral carcinogenesis. However, further large-scale
microbiome analysis is requested to establish the association.
Respiratory future of preschool wheezing: Results of a 3-year follow-up cohort
Authors: Petat Hortense , Marguet Christophe
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Preschool wheeze is a public health issue, due to its high
frequency and morbidity. When the disease is severe and uncontrolled,
despite optimal treatment, explorations are needed. Patients and
methods: We conducted a retrospective study at our tertiary asthma
center in Rouen University Hospital, France. Each child under 3 years
with severe uncontrolled preschool wheeze was admitted to a pediatric
day hospital for a bronchoscopy. We collected the results of clinical,
biological and radiological exams, and followed-up data at 1, 2 and 3
years (Y , Y , Y
respectively), to study the evolution of the disease, and identify
factors of uncontrolled disease. Results: We included 135 patients; 63
(47%) were still followed-up in our center at Y .
Median age at inclusion was 12 months. Thirty percent of patients still
had severe uncontrolled wheeze at Y . Treatments were
significantly decreased at Y (p<0.001). A
total IgE level higher than 7 kU/L was a factor in uncontrolled wheeze
at Y , tobacco exposure (p<0.001) and female
gender (p=0.05) were factors associated to the persistence of
uncontrolled wheeze at Y , and a first case of
bronchiolitis before 2 months old was a factor in uncontrolled disease
at Y (p=0.007). Discussion: Our study is unique in
terms of its very young population, with very severe wheeze (80% of
children included with a history of hospitalization, 8% in intensive
care). Our therapeutic approach is original, enabling us to study the
evolution of “therapeutic pressure” in the early years of this
frequent disease, the pathophysiology of which is still poorly
understood.
Of islands on islands: A natural experiment reveals the pronounced effect of habitat fragmentation on arthropod community assembly in Hawaiʻi
Authors: Steigerwald Emma , Paetsch Judith , Drück Dana , Fritsch Jana , Klaka Marie , Kennedy Susan , Gillespie Rosemary , Krehenwinkel Henrik
Published: September 2023

The term ‘habitat fragmentation’ is frequently associated with the
biologically-destructive activities of human development, but an
important evolutionary hypothesis posits that much of the biodiversity
we see today was generated by episodic, natural habitat fragmentation.
This hypothesis suggests that fragmentation can serve as a ‘crucible of
evolution’ through the amplifying feedbacks of colonization, extinction,
adaptation, and speciation. Interrogating the generality of this
hypothesis requires measuring the repercussions of fragmentation at
intra- and interspecific levels across entire communities. We use DNA
metabarcoding to capture these repercussions from the scales of
intraspecific differentiation to community composition in a megadiverse,
ecologically foundational group, arthropods, using a natural habitat
fragmentation experiment on patches of wet forest isolated by
contemporary Hawaiian lava flows (kīpuka). We find a pronounced effect
of area in kīpuka cores, where the taxonomic richness supported by a
kīpuka scales with its size. Kīpuka cores exhibit higher intra- and
interspecific turnover over space than continuous forest. Additionally,
open lava, kīpuka edges, and the cores of small kīpuka (which are
essentially entirely “edge”) host lower richness, are more
biologically homogeneous, and have higher proportions of non-native taxa
than kīpuka cores. Our work shows how habitat fragmentation isolates
entire communities of habitat specialists, paving the way for genetic
differentiation. Parsing the extent to which differentiation in kīpuka
is driven by local adaptation versus drift provides a promising future
avenue for understanding how fragmentation, and the different isolated
communities created through this process, may lead to speciation in this
system.
Morphoanatomical Responses and Stomatal Conductance in Shaded and Sun-Exposed Broussonetia papyrifera Seedlings
Authors: Baradi Maria Bin-i Sales , Hernandez Jonathan Ogayon
Published: September 2023

Investigating invasive species’ morphoanatomical characteristics, such as leaf area and thickness of vascular tissues and storage cells, can reveal information about their adaptive ability and competitive advantage. Thus, we analyzed the variation in leaf, stem, and root morphoanatomical structure and stomatal conductance between shaded and sun-exposed seedlings of Broussonetia papyrifera to provide insights into management strategies to control its invasive ability. The variations in leaf area (LA), Leaf Mass per Area (LMA), stomatal density, thickness of palisade and spongy mesophyll tissues, thickness of xylem parenchyma cells, diameter of all xylem vessels in stem and roots and stomatal conductance were analyzed between shaded and sun-exposed seedlings. Results revealed that the LA and LMA of B. papyrifera were significantly larger in the sun-exposed than in the shaded condition. Seedlings exposed to sunlight also had thicker palisade mesophyll and xylem parenchyma cells. The diameter of xylem vessels in roots was also significantly higher in sun-exposed seedlings. Contrarily, a reverse pattern was observed in the diameter of stem xylem vessels (i.e., shaded > sun-exposed seedlings). Physiologically, a higher stomatal conductance was also observed in sun-exposed seedlings. In conclusion, we found significant variations in leaf, stem, and root morphoanatomy and stomatal conductance between shaded and sun-exposed seedlings of B. papyrifera. The findings of the present study may provide valuable implications for managing or controlling its invasibility in the introduced range.
Keywords: freehand technique, invasive species, Moraceae, paper mulberry, stomatal conductance