bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of nativeness in early modern foreign language learning: evidence from teaching materials
Authors: Kött André , Vogl Ulrike
Published: October 2023

In this article, we explore how the “ideal student” and “the ideal teacher” of a modern foreign language were depicted in 16th and 17th-century textbooks of the genre of so-called “dialogue books”. More specifically we assess in which areas language expertise was expected from students and teachers and how nativeness, i.e., being a native speaker, was construed as an element of this general expertise. Our insights are based on the structure and content of the textbooks. Moreover, we analyse introductory texts, written by textbook authors or printers. The teaching material reveals a strong focus on spoken language as it consists of dialogues inspired by daily life and pronunciation guides that use a contrastive approach. Overall, our analysis suggests that the “ideal student” has to learn to speak a foreign language, thereby striving for a correct pronunciation and to communicate in a polite and pragmatically adequate way. The “ideal teacher” is a native speaker who has the authority to teach his mother tongue and to judge the teaching of others. However, the superiority of nativeness pales beside other required qualifications, i.e., learnedness, didactic skills and expertise in the language one teaches.
Kant’s Critique of Wolff’s Dogmatic Method: Comments on Gava
Authors: Walschots Michael
Published: October 2023

In Chapter 8 of Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason and the Method of Metaphysics, one of Gabriele Gava’s aims is to argue that Kant’s critique of Wolff’s dogmatic method has two levels: one directed against Wolff’s metaphilosophical views and one attacking his actual procedures of argument. After providing a brief summary of the main claims Gava makes in Chapter 8 of his book, in this paper I argue two things. First, I argue against Gava’s claim that the two forms of dogmatism he distinguishes between are incompatible. Second, I suggest, contrary to Gava, that Kant’s critique of these two forms of dogmatism both operate on the metaphilosophical level in the sense that they both target the dogmatist’s beliefs or theory about the method they take themselves to be following.
Transcendental Deduction and Cognitive Constructivism
Authors: Filieri Luigi
Published: October 2023

In these comments, I share some remarks concerning two main points lying at the core of Gava’s book Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason and the Method of Metaphysics: Gava’s reconstruction and account of a transcendental deduction, its relation to a metaphysical deduction, and more specifically his reading of the B-Deduction. I will discuss Gava’s arguments in order to highlight the key tenets of his interpretation and raise questions related to (1) the meaning and scope of the notion of ‘transcendental’; and (2) the commitment to – and the extent of – what we might call ‘cognitive constructivism’.
The Origin and Validity of Root Concepts, the Place of General Logic Within Transcendental Logic and Kant’s Critique of Dogmatism: A Response to My Critics
Authors: Gava Gabriele
Published: October 2023

In Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason and the Method of Metaphysics (CUP 2023), I argue that the first Critique is not only a ‘propaedeutic’ to metaphysics, but actually already establishes parts of metaphysics. These parts belong to what Kant calls transcendental philosophy. Additionally, I also provide an account of Kant’s critique of dogmatism and Wolff as its main defender. In this paper, I take up Luigi Filieri’s and Davide Dalla Rosa’s invitation to further develop my characterization of transcendental philosophy and I respond to Michael Walschots’s objections against my interpretation of Kant’s critique of Wolff’s dogmatism.
Robust reconfigurable radiofrequency photonic filters based on a single silicon in-phase/quadrature modulator
Authors: Yue Hengsong , Chu Tao
Published: October 2023

Combining integrated photonics and radiofrequency (RF) signals in the optical domain can help overcome the limitations of traditional RF systems. However, it is challenging to achieve environmentally insensitive filtering in wireless communications using integration schemes. In this report, the performance of robust RF filters based on a single silicon in-phase/quadrature modulator with significantly improved temperature and optical carrier wavelength sensitivities, which were suppressed by more than three orders of magnitude compared with those of silicon resonators, was experimentally evaluated. Upconversion and the processing of signals were simultaneously realized on the modulator by setting the relative phases of the arms and the bias voltages. Moreover, the filters can be reconfigured as low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, or band-stop filters. From 25 to 75 °C, the center frequency variation was within 0.2 GHz. From 1500 to 1600 nm, the center frequency variation was within 2 GHz. The proposed scheme allows for filtering and reconfiguration without the use of optical processing modules such as resonators or delay lines, thus providing a novel approach to signal processing and a new robust filter for scenarios with dynamic environments.
Connectedness Among Geopolitical Risk, Inflation, Currency Values, and Exports by TVP-VAR Analysis: A Worldwide Perspective
Authors: Kyriazis Nikolaos A. , Economou Emmanouil M. L. , Stergiou Andreas
Published: October 2023

The article discusses the spillover impacts between geopolitical uncertainty, inflation, exchange rates, and exports worldwide by employing the Time-Varying Parameter Vector Autoregressive (TVP-VAR) methodology. The net directional pairwise and net total directional causality among these variables is examined in major advanced economies (US, UK, Germany, France, Israel, South Korea and Japan) and rising economies (Russia, Türkiye, China, India, Brazil, and South Africa). Normal market conditions (since early 2000) and stressed ones since the latest crises (the Covid-19 disease and the Russia–Ukraine conflict) are covered. It is revealed that the national currency value constitutes the most influential determinant of exports and inflation but also in the system examined. Currency values exert direct impacts on inflation but also indirect, affecting exports and enhancing geopolitical risk as this is found to increase inflationary pressures. Intriguingly, this gives credence to the emergence of a new channel of inflation-creation that works through geopolitical risk. Such linkages are more pronounced in the US, South Korea, and Brazil while Germany and France present the weakest relations. Inflation, the currency value, and exports turned out to be very decisive regarding the geopolitical risk in Russia during the Russia–Ukraine war.
Redeploying a Saint: The Black Maurice and the Shifting Iconography of Blackness in Post-Reformation Germany and the Baltics
Authors: H. D. Kaplan Paul
Published: October 2023

Due to the religious restrictions on imagery introduced by the Reformation, depictions of the Black African incarnation of Saint Maurice were sharply reduced and transformed in the German-speaking lands after 1530. This essay looks in detail at developments in several Saxon cities and also in the Baltic cities of Tallinn (Reval) and Riga. In Magdeburg and Halle, the focus is on secularized images of Maurice, while in Halle a little-known but vast painting replaced the Black Maurice with other Black characters more closely tied to the Bible. In the Baltic cities, the Black Maurice was in a complicated relationship with the heraldry of the Black Heads merchant guilds; only in the last few centuries has a secular version of the Black Maurice fully reappeared.
Introduction to the special issue: How nonclinical psychology research can inform clinical perspectives on disgust
Authors: Berger Uri
Published: October 2023

Disgust is a universal emotion that significantly impacts human behavior and psychological well-being. While clinical psychology researchers made great strides in understanding disgust in the context of psychopathology, nonclinical researchers have contributed valuable insights that can inform clinical perspectives on disgust. This special issue aims to bring together the latest nonclinical research that can shed light on the nature, causes, and consequences of disgust-related psychopathology. The five articles in this issue cover various nonclinical topics, including inhibitory learning, autobiographical memories, food preferences, and the perception of self and others. This issue also covers the role of disgust in specific clinical disorders, including anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, eating disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, and more. By showcasing novel approaches to researching clinical aspects of disgust, this special issue provides a comprehensive and up-to-date understanding of the complex phenomenon of disgust and future directions in research.
Exploring the role of the self in disgust-related psychopathologies
Authors: Berger Uri , Anaki David
Published: October 2023

While clinical research on disgust relies on nonclinical research, the framework of disgust as an immune mechanism is not as central in clinical research. The immune framework for disgust may be integrated into clinical research by acknowledging the role of the self as the critical element protected by the immune system. In this review, we offer the premise that at the center of all disgust-related behaviors, thoughts, and cognitions is an attempt to protect the self (i.e., “disgust is self-centered” or DISC). We offer evidence in support of DISC and explore the relevance of DISC to clinical research for several disgust-related psychopathologies (obsessive-compulsive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, anorexia nervosa, and self-disgust). We then offer future directions for DISC research into disgust-related psychopathologies.
Disgust as a transdiagnostic index of mental illness: A narrative review of clinical populations
Authors: Culicetto Laura , Ferraioli Francesca , Lucifora Chiara , Falzone Alessandra , Martino Gabriella , Craparo Giuseppe , Avenanti Alessio , Vicario Carmelo Mario
Published: October 2023

Disgust is a basic emotion of rejection, providing an ancestral defensive mechanism against illness. Based on research that documents altered experiences of disgust across several psychopathological conditions, we conducted a narrative review to address the hypothesis that altered disgust may serve as a transdiagnostic index of mental illness. Our synthesis of the literature from past decades suggests that, compared to healthy populations, patients with mental disorders exhibit abnormal processing of disgust in at least one of the analyzed dimensions. We also outline evidence of alterations in brain areas relevant to disgust processing, such as the insula and the interconnected limbic network. Overall, we provide preliminary support for the hypothesis that altered disgust processing may serve as a transdiagnostic index of mental illness.
MODELING OF MIMO SYSTEMS WITH UNIVERSAL CONTROLLER
Authors:   Individual researcher UAE, Dubai, Mohammed A. Ali Musaab , Vodichev Volodymyr ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The control of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems poses significant challenges due to the intricate dynamics and interactions between multiple input and output channels. This paper presents a simulation study on MIMO systems control using the universal control technique. The proposed method offers a versatile framework for regulating MIMO systems with varying dynamics, utilizing a single control algorithm. The underlying concept of the universal control law is to devise a set of principles or strategies that can be universally applied to any system, regardless of its specific characteristics or parameters. To achieve this, the control algorithm is designed based on the derivatives balance of the system's input-output dynamics, granting the controller adaptability to both single-input single-output (SISO) and MIMO systems. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, involving a MIMO system comprising four inputs in a two-coupled distillation column process and two inputs in a twin rotor setup. The challenges associated with distillation column control, such as nonlinearity, disturbances, and interaction between multiple inputs and outputs, are considered. Twin rotor systems, consisting of two interconnected rotors, pose unique control difficulties, primarily arising from the coupling between the two rotors and their nonlinear behavior. The simulation results show the capability of the proposed universal controller to achieve precise and robust control over the MIMO system. Keywords: MIMO, Control, Simulation, Distillation Column Process, Twin Rotor.
ROBOTIC SYSTEM WITH SINGLE-TYPE FREQUENCY-DEPENDENT COMPONENTS DURING PROCESSING OF SENSOR SIGNALS
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Sytnikov Tykhon , Stupen Pavlo ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The issue of building a sensor signal processing path on the same type of components in computer robotic systems, which can comprehensively rebuild their characteristics by software and hardware means depending on the operating conditions to increase the system efficiency, is considered. Different types of connections of analog and digital second-order frequency-dependent components are considered, since a high-order processing path is easier to form from the same type of low-order components. This is due to the low cost of calculating the coefficients of the transfer function and the number of coefficients, ease of adjustment or reconstruction, moderate power consumption and processing time. It is shown that a serial connection is best suited for the sensor signal processing path, since signal distortion occurs in other connections. To increase the order of the processing path, it is suggested to use a serial connection of the same type of frequency-dependent components of the second order. Obtained ratios that allow to calculate the frequency of the main typical component based on the required frequency of several components connected in series. These ratios are very difficult to implement in robotic systems, as they do not have large computing resources. Since the range of frequencies and the number of components are limited, it is recommended to calculate the necessary frequencies in advance and summarize them in the table. When working in real time, it is advisable to use these tables for rebuilding. When connecting analog and digital basic filters of the same type in series, it is advisable to use the main filters of the second order of Butterworth and Chebyshev of the second kind with flat frequency response in the passband, which will ensure a good increase in the steepness of the frequency response decline and make it possible to predict the value of the cutoff frequency for the low-pass filter. And for bandpass filters, only Butterworth filters. Keywords: Industry 4.0-5.0, robotic systems, frequency-dependent components, component connection types, series connection, main typical component, amplitude-frequency characteristic.
Convergent Model of Digital Hygiene in Modern Upbringing
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Shisharina Natalia Victorovna
Published: October 2023

Based on the study and synthesis of scientific sources, the author of the article presented a methodologically developed theoretically grounded convergent model of digital hygiene in education. The purpose of the article is to demonstrate the resource capabilities of the convergent model of digital hygiene in the modern education of students and to fill the scientific gap in knowledge about the importance of the convergent approach for a qualitatively new level of successful socialization in the education of the competitive younger generation. Methodology. The study was carried out on the methodological basis of the principles of convergent approach (methodology of erasing interdisciplinary boundaries as an integration tool: merging, convergence, convergence, unification, mutual enrichment, mutual influence, interpenetration): 1) interdisciplinary and supra-disciplinary synthesis; 2) designing self-organization in various activities; 3) flexible network communication. The convergent model of digital hygiene in modern education is a hybrid algorithmized intellectual model of safe (interesting, relevant, effective) education, where the tools and mechanisms of digital hygiene in modern education are defined and described: 1) combination of interdisciplinary and applied approaches; 2) development of critical thinking; 3) development of research competencies; 4) group and team work skills. Results. The developed model, which is based on the components: factors, personality qualities, characteristics-grounds, is a safety system for children and adolescents (demobilization of stressful states; the ability to preserve oneself under the destructive effects of the digital environment; the state of protection of vital interests of the individual). Conclusion. The author’s contribution consists in the theoretical development and description of the components of the convergent model of digital hygiene in modern education.
Mentoring as a Focus of Russian and International Research Investigations
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Dudina Elena A. , Pozdeeva Svetlana I. ,   Tomsk State Pedagogical University
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Modern Russian educational environment is characterized by a rapid growth in research and practical interest in the phenomenon of mentoring. Currently, it is significant to reconsider the approaches to mentoring taking into account its historical foundations. The purpose of this article is to review the topics and problems of mentoring in Russian and international scholarly literature and to identify common theoretical foundation in understanding the phenomenon of mentoring as well as reveal the current trends of studying and implementing mentoring. Methodology. In order to solve the research problem, the authors applied the following methods: review and analysis of Russian and international research literature devoted to mentoring, systematization and summarizing the research data. Results. The analysis of Russian and international research literature enabled the authors to conclude that understanding the phenomenon of mentoring has evolved from ‘the tool of preparing to independent adult life’ to ‘the tool of continuing education and development, societal development, preserving and increasing of human capital’. The first attempts to understand and clarify mentoring were made in belles-lettres and philosophical treatises addressing the problems of moral education. Then, the focus shifted to the professional field: mastering the profession, development of professional competence. Mentoring has been studied according to the fields of implementation (education, professional and industrial activities, social sphere, etc). Researches has focused on the functions of mentoring and its models, development and stages of mentoring relationships, conceptualization of mentoring and its differentiation from other forms of individualized support, guidance and learning. Conclusion. The article concludes that currently mentoring is studied as a complex interdisciplinary phenomenon which is conceptualized within the meaningful paradigm of dialogue, collaboration, intellectual and moral efforts aimed at discovering personal meanings of the activity.
The Use of Personal Knowledge Management Initiatives by Teachers in Poland. Contribution to the Discussion
Authors: Figurska Irena , Piekarski Grzegorz , Piotrów Ewa
Published: October 2023

The article discusses the issues related to personal knowledge management (PKM) and initiatives undertaken in this area by a professional group of teachers. These issues are still insufficiently researched, and thus cognitively interesting and requiring further exploration. The aim of the study was to determine the level of teachers' initiative in the area of personal knowledge management, with reference to the relationships between the variables characterizing the surveyed teachers, such as: gender, age, seniority, type of educational institution and the position held. In the study, conducted by means of a diagnostic survey method among 169 professionally active teachers, the author's Questionnaire of Personal Knowledge Management Initiatives was used. The obtained research results were statistically analyzed using the PSPP program, Gnu General Public License Version 3. The data were processed using the ANOVA analysis of variance. The applied method of standard deviations showed that the largest group of the surveyed teachers presents an average level of initiative in the field of personal knowledge management. Based on the obtained results, it can also be concluded that: women, teachers with the longest seniority, from the oldest age group, holding managerial positions; employed in kindergartens and educational non-school institutions, are characterized by a higher level of initiative in the field of personal knowledge management. The obtained research results are of practical importance both for teachers and for the organizations in which they work. They may also contribute to the introduction of new solutions in the education of future teachers at the university level, as well as to the organization of training and workshops improving and developing personal knowledge management skills among professionally active teachers.
Pandemic Experts. On the Transformation of Values and Evaluations in the Practice of Science and its Science Educational Dissemination in the Media in Poland During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Łukasik-Turecka Agnieszka
Published: October 2023

The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic has forced changes in many areas of human life activity, also in the field of science, educating students and popularization knowledge. These changes were avalanche-like. Sudden increase in the incidence and introduction due to the pandemic situation, regulations at both national and university levels caused impossiblity to prepare for changes in the areas related to science. They had to be dradually introduced. The aim of this article is to show the changes in the area of values in the practice of science and its dissemination in the media. Tools that worked well during the pandemic are still being used despite cancellation of the epidemic threat, of course to a lesser extent. In in the area of dissemination of expert knowledge, solutions adopted during successive waves pandemics are still applied; experts are invited to the studio, but they often connect with editorial staff using various communicators to disseminate via the media knowledge of your discipline. With the transfer of the work of academics to the Internet, both related to conducting research, educating students, and disseminating knowledge in the media were associated with a number of problems, the most serious in the area of research, but also strongly felt in the area of education. In turn, in the area popularization of science, dissemination of expert knowledge, these changes are strongly related to changes that have been introduced due to the pandemic situation in the media electronic, and have brought many benefits. The biggest of them seems to be expanding the group media experts about dormitories from outside the town whose TV stations or radio stations have a professional studio. In a situation of great demand for information on the SARS-CoV-2 virus and ways to prevent the disease, medical experts and professionals shared their knowledge in the media and straightened it out via communicators fake content spread by disinformers.
Theory of Polar Oppositions in the Analysis of Educational Context
Authors: Iris Rossa Carina
Published: October 2023

We live in a social context characterized by strong polarizations. This reality pervades discourses in the fields of politics, religion, social economic and even educational life. This article suggests Romano Guardini's theory of polar oppositions as a possible application in education. The reflection dialogues with the thought of Pope Francis who advances with the elaboration of four principles related to the bipolar tensions for the construction of a people in peace and fraternity: (a) time is superior to space; (b) unity overcomes conflict; (c) the reality is more important than the idea; (d) the whole is greater than the parts. Pope Francis in his numerous speeches addressed to the world of education highlights some aspects that are now are in opposition and contradict each other. Through the application of the Atlas.ti analysis method we were able to analyze the main contrasting concepts. Some antinomies emerge which can find creative and fruitful ways out through some concrete educational proposals. Three pairs of opposites present themselves: formal and non-formal education; the education offered by the contexts of the center and those of the periphery; the global dimension and the need for proximity. These oppositions find in the "living concrete" a possible way out of greater creativity due to the application of the principles of discernment that order the system of extreme polarities.
Education Between Cultural “Canon” and the Future: “Classics” and Their Didactic Value
Authors: Witkowski Lech
Published: October 2023

The text considers various aspects of pedagogical reflections within the problematics, described and analysed as follows: (1) The future speeds up and surprises, also painfully, (2) Everyday experience as an enemy of the future, (3) How symbolic culture is functionning?, (4) On the possibility of appraisal of classics beyond the classicism, (5) On bureaucratic interference into a lively textual tissue, (6) Between conservative and liberal treating of traditions in culture, (7) Between social radicality and dialogic deconstruction of culture, (8) Illusions and traps of canonizations of cultural contents, (9) The conclusion: on cultural attitudes in didactics. The author discusses limits and paradoxes of imposing cultural canon within education perceived as initiation into culture. The latter is to be perceived as invisible environment constituting symbolic soil for the memory of signifiers which serve for self-expression, understanding of the Other and for creative autotranscendence and enrichment of the cultural patrimony for the next generations. The basic message of the text requests more profound educational perception and treatement of tradition in order to make it participate in influences becoming the energetic and symbolic background of cultural development at the same time critically revisited in order to meet the challenges of the future.
Ties With the Families of Convicts Serving a Sentence Deprived of Liberty in the Electronic Monitoring System (SDE)
Authors: Walancik Marek , Zawiślak Beata
Published: October 2023

The article contains the content and analysis of the results of research relating to serving a prison sentence in the Polish penitentiary system in the Electronic Monitoring System (SDE here and after) in the context of maintaining ties with the social environment, with the family in the assessment of probation officers. The penitentiary system is not limited to isolation. Serving certain forms of punishment outside prisons also contributes to relieving the penitentiary system. The Electronic Monitoring System is an alternative form of execution of the penalty of imprisonment. It allows the state to exercise control over the convict's behavior by means of technical means, eliminating the need for penitentiary isolation as a criminal law response. It is a form of reaction with a much lower degree of discomfort, devoid of the negative consequences associated with isolation, such as demoralization, weakening of family and social ties, change of environment, loss of autonomy, economic degradation or stigmatization. It is an interesting activity related to modern solutions in the field of law, upbringing and family, applied in practice. The probation officer plays an important role in the course of serving the sentence by the convict in SDE, in his social rehabilitation and social adaptation. He is a specialist responsible for supervising and supporting the convicted person. The probation officer performs tasks aimed at implementing court decisions, helps the convict return to society, and prevents re-offending. The key aspect of serving a sentence in SDE is the convict's ability to maintain family ties, his social rehabilitation, the process of preparing for return to society, re-adaptation to social conditions. Serving a sentence in an SDE allows you to maintain family ties, which in turn reduces the risk of recidivism. The prepared and presented content is part of resocialization pedagogy, penitentiary pedagogy, and family pedagogy.
Estimación de estado en la central termogas Machala utilizando machine learning
Authors: Cruz-Carrillo Néstor Xavier , Quinatoa-Caiza Carlos Iván , Porras- Reyes Jefferson Alberto , Jiménez-Bautista Hendry Mauricio , Rivera-Hidalgo Nicolyn Damari
Published: October 2023

En el presente trabajo de titulación se analizó el estado de la Central Termogas Machala, la problemática del proyecto es garantizar grandes retos para conseguir una continuidad y garantizar el abastecimiento de energía eléctrica de forma eficiente y aprovechamiento de los recursos naturales y minimizando el impacto ambiental, la central termogas Machala trabaja con ciclo combinado, cuenta con 8 unidades generadoras que corresponden a Machala I y Machala II y la potencia total es 187 MW. En base a la programación en lenguaje Python utilizando la librería de Pyomo para el proceso de optimización, esta permitió analizar las variables de costos de combustible, potencia y Energía eléctrica de la central, la función objetivo corresponde a minimizar los costos de generación de energía eléctrica y las restricciones están asociadas a costos de arranque, parada y el balance de potencia. Por otra parte, para la resolución del problema se hace uso de GNU Linear Programming Kit (GLPK), debido a que el tipo de programación propuesta es entero lineal mixta; a través del análisis realizado se pudo observar qué generadores térmicos pueden operar al mismo tiempo, formar planes de mantenimiento para la salida de generadores de forma programada y cuál es la energía total producida.
Intuiciones, Desacuerdo Filosófico y Fake News
Authors: Miranda – Rojas Rafael
Published: October 2023

Los últimos diez años han visto el incrementode la discusión respecto a qué metodologíaes desarrollada en el ámbito filosófico, yqué implicancias tiene el que en ese marcose desarrollen posiciones teóricas tan diversasque permitan sostener como una constanteel desacuerdo filosófico: estar de acuerdo enestar en desacuerdo se acerca peligrosamentea tornar trivial la búsqueda de razones paraciertas posturas teóricas. En ese contexto seenmarca las recientes contribuciones recogidasen D’Oro & Overgaard (Eds.) (2017),desde las cuáles se intenta no necesariamenteiniciar un diálogo entre distintos paradigmasfilosóficos, sino más bien explicitar sus diferenciasy semejanzas. El presente escrito tienepor objetivo analizar los insumos teóricos sobreel rol metodológico de las intuiciones enel ámbito filosófico, específicamente en el tópicodel desacuerdo epistémico. Se proponeuna perspectiva optimista de este desacuerdo,siguiendo a Cappelen (2017) e Ichikawa(2016). Se trata especialmente de intentarresponder a la cuestión de si la persistenciade desacuerdos constituye un motivo paradescartar que haya progreso filosófico. Delmismo modo, se evalúa el alcance de las fakenews como un insumo epistémico que impidealcanzar la así denominada neutralidadevidencial.
Enfoque educativo de La ciudad y los perros (1963): adquisición necesaria de la violencia para los personajes
Authors: Delgado Del Aguila Jesús Miguel
Published: October 2023

Este trabajo retoma las concepcionesbásicas de la violencia, comprendidaspor autores como Benjamín, Domenach,Žižek, Sen, entre otros. El propósito esconfigurar empíricamente el recorridode la violencia en La ciudad y los perros.Este procedimiento será graficado conun triángulo jerárquico, en el que se percibirála orientación cíclica e iterativa deese indicador negativo. Por lo tanto, secerciorarán calificativos como los de víctimao afines, que se condicionan a losprotagonistas. En ese sentido, este textocumple la función de revelar las múltiplesadaptaciones subjetivas y explicarsus razones.
Asegurar la ciudad: Arte y ética en el uso práctico de la razón fronteriza ante el mal político
Authors: Caro Rey Jonatan
Published: October 2023

El artículo expone las líneas fundamentalesdel uso práctico de la razónfronteriza que Eugenio Trías propondríacomo recreación de la racionalidad filosófica.En primer lugar muestra cómola ética y la política del límite suponenuna reflexión sistemática en torno a cuatroideas-valores fundamentales: libertad,felicidad, justicia y seguridad. Enun segundo momento se detiene en laperversión del motivo “seguridad” comoaquello que engendra el “mal político”que asediaría a la praxis fronteriza, paravalorar finalmente el papel del arte comouna dimensión práctica que nos ayuda aevitarlo.
Specific Character of Ukrainian-Russian Contacts in the Musical Culture of the 17th – 18th Centuries: A Modern View
Authors: Kornii Lidiia
Published: October 2023

The relevant problem of the significance of the Ukrainian-Russian musical dialogue in the 17th –18th centuries for the future development of Ukrainian and Russian musical cultures is considered in the article. Ukrainian-Russian contacts have taken place in the field of professional music, dominated with religious Christian themes at that time. Significant achievements of Ukrainian musical art of the late 16th - the first half of the 18th century are noted, where Ukrainian Orthodox traditions are combined with the adapted achievements of Polish and Western European art: the reformation of musical notation and the appearance of the five-line Kyiv notation, used to record church singing, the emergence and development of polyphonic church works of the baroque style, the genre of cant and school drama, significant achievements in choral church performance. The backwardness of the musical culture of Muscovy in the period of the 16th–17th centuries from the European world and imitating Ukrainian achievements in church singing, choral performance, canto culture and school theater are emphasized. It is accentuated that the composers, regents, choristers, musical works have been necessary for the implementation of such a restructuring in Moscow musical culture. The voluntary and forced resettlement of Ukrainian musical forces to Russia for almost two centuries is considered in the submitted work. They have taken musical works with them and remained there. It has caused a situation when many Ukrainian musicians are turned in Moscow and St. Petersburg. So, there are reasons to believe that they have been creating Ukrainian culture outside Ukraine in Muscovy (Russia), relying on Ukrainian traditions. There are, in particular, Ukrainian composers M. Berezovskyi and D. Bortnianskyi, who have initiated and developed the Ukrainian classical style of sacred music in Russia among them. At the same time the constant and systematic transfer of Ukrainian musical forces, as it is noted already, for almost two centuries has been bleeding Ukrainian musical culture and affected negatively its development in the 19th century.
ext and Context of Dream (After the Material of Traditional Culture)
Authors: Temchenko Andrii
Published: October 2023

Introduction. The text of a dream, recorded in oral lore and handwritten books of dream interpretations, is considered in the article. The published work is aimed at the study of the process of forming a mythological narrative, which is based on dreams. Research methods accumulate tools of scientific knowledge, borrowed from Philosophy, Psychology and Cultural Anthropology. The obtained results. In traditional culture dreaming is perceived as a meta-message that must be adapted to the other members of society. The transformation of a dream into a text occurs through a logical explanation of obscure images of sleep, i. e. visually asymmetric visions of the subconscious as if squeezed into the parameters of the causal sequence. A certain similarity is considered as a typical feature of different dream texts. It is explained by the fact that they are formed in a common mental field of culture. In this regard, their interpretation takes place within the conceptual apparatus of the mythological picture of the world, which is dual. Typical dream plots and variants of their interpretation are contained in the so-called books of dream interpretations. The existence of the dream interpretation tradition until nowadays is an evidence of its relevance and is explained by the need of contemporaries to establish contact with the invisible world in order to possess hidden knowledge and predict the future. In this case, the text of the dream acquires dialectal characteristics, because it is the result of mythological thinking, but at the same time it produces mental algorithms. Thus, the verbal translation of a dream is understood as the creation of a text of the myth that can be positioned as its own or collective history. Despite the fact that modern culture tends to individualization and a certain isolation, dreaming is not always perceived as a purely personal message, that has caused the emergence of phenomenological approaches in its interpretation.
Alcoholic Beverages as Part of Traditional Folk Culture of the Ukrainians in Slovakia
Authors: Varkhol Yosyf , Varkhol Nadiia
Published: October 2023

The article examines the role of alcoholic beverages as a component of the traditional folk culture of Ukrainians living in South-Eastern Slovakia. According to the research conducted in the area, the use of alcoholic beverages played an important role in family customs and ceremonies mainly in the pre-wedding period (sprosyny) and in the wedding ceremony itself when since ancient times a toast was considered a sign of the girl’s approval. Pouring out the rest of the alcohol from the glass when concluding the wedding agreement, in addition to ensuring a successful life for the young couple, also meant a sacrifice. A man whose duty was to pour alcoholic beverages at weddings and baptisms was called chopnar, while it was drunk from one glass. According to the customary tradition, they put the deceased’s favorite thing in the coffin, a bottle of alcohol to a drunkard, of course. In the past, even annual customs and ceremonies could not do without alcohol. Day of Andrew at spinning (Andriya na vechurkach) was known for its tradition of prophesies during which girls poured melted lead into cold water through a key and tried future according to the shape of the lead. According to the shape of the solidified lead, they tried to predict their future: if it had the shape of a bottle, the future man will be an alcoholic. It was customary on Christmas Eve to put an unthreshed sheaf of oats in the sacred corner of the room and put a liter bottle of alcohol in its center, which was drunk during the consumption of ritual meals. After dinner, the householder poured out the rest of the alcohol to ensure a good harvest and good weather. It was believed that a man was led to drunkenness by an evil, impure force, so they tried to protect themselves from it with magical acts. Consumption of alcoholic beverages is also reflected in proverbs and sayings, as well as in cheerful, joking drinking songs that were sung at weddings, christenings, temple holidays (kermes), feasts.
Humor of Canadian Ukrainians: After the Diaspora Editions (the 1910s – 1980s)
Authors: Solonska Nataliia
Published: October 2023

The article is an attempt to describe the peculiarities of the laughing culture and humor of Ukrainians in Canada (1910s – 1980s – the first – fourth waves of emigration) as one of the important factors in the preservation of national identity, traditions of folk culture, indicators of the reflection of the sociology of Ukrainian immigrants and their descendants, the dynamics of the communication field of the diaspora community, transformation of Ukrainian language in the multicultural environment of Canada, which is reflected in humorous speech and other creative genres. A review (on a selective basis) of the works of the representatives of the humorous workshop, which has been imprinted on the pages of diaspora editions of Canadian Ukrainians (magazines, calendars, calendar-almanacs), providing their space for published works, promulgation, distribution of various forms of laughing culture and folk humor is known as a testimony (generated in a word) of the immortality of the Ukrainians national culture. Ukrainian humor, which occupies its niche in the linguistic picture of the world, is considered as a reaction of the linguistic personality-immigrant on the social and cultural processes of the English-speaking surroundings. The materials submitted in this article reflect Ukrainian humor – very emotional, sharp, witty, snarky, and from time to time – ironically-sad, merciless to oneself as an individual, but never angry, not poisonous, not such as to degrade human dignity of a stranger – this is the eternal height of the ethnic culture of the people, its worldview, outlook, philosophy. A unique cultural and historical phenomena of preservation of the national culture of their historical homeland, its peculiarities, traditions, and mentality by Ukrainians of Canada is described in the light of the Institute of Laughter Culture, the space of which includes not only the printed word, stage art, but also ethnic choreography, musical and artistic works. Applying the methodology of a whole range of humanitarian disciplines, a section of the history and development of social communications in the immigrant surroundings is investigated from the point of view of one, but multifaceted and multi-colored factor – folk humor, the change of the Ukrainian folklore complex; the speed of integration into the English-speaking culture and the inevitable objectivity of this process and ability of the immigrant community to comprehend and perceive creatively the influence of other cultures of multicultural Canada, but at the same time, to resist acculturation, the absorption of its ancient culture. The problem hasn’t been investigated in science, in particular, in history, in Slavic folkloristics, in such a formulation.
Demonological Story: Definition and History of the Term
Authors: Yahelo Svitlana
Published: October 2023

The research is focused on the genre of the demonological story, its stratification is studied, as well as the issue of the etymology of the term and the history of its functioning. The origin of the term and its content are considered in historical retrospective, from the times when attention to the demonological tradition as such has livened up, that is, from the early 19th century, the period of creation of the Ruthenian Trinity circle. It should not be forgotten that its representative Ya. Holovatskyi has described mainly the guidelines for the differentiation of folk prose in the mid to late 19th century. Later other prominent representatives of Ukrainian culture have also studied such problems. These are, in particular, a member of the same circle I. Vahylevych, and later M. Drahomanov, I. Franko, V. Hnatiuk, F. Kolessa. The trends in the definition of the genre variety of the demonological story from the turn of the 19th to the 20th centuries are considered in the article. The period has been characterized by the beginning of the perception and understanding of demonological narratives, as well as attempts of their classification, systematization and scientific justification and comprehension. Classification of the texts in Folkloristics during the Soviet period, as well as in the modern times, is not left out of consideration in the study. The purpose of the article is to trace the process of entering the term demonological story into folkloristic science to denote folk works about the meeting of a person with a demonic creature. The limits of its use are shown; the landmarks in the definitive question are outlined; the specificity of demonological stories as a variety of genre in the context of non-fairy-tale prose is clarified. The general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis are used in the article. The historical method has helped to identify, trace and analyse the attempts of theoretical comprehension of the works of demonological content by Ukrainian researchers of oral literature, as well as the post-Soviet space.
Symbolic and Cultural Codes of Military Realities in Ukraine
Authors: Lysiuk Nataliia
Published: October 2023

Modern ways of verbalizing a long-ago sacred concept, such as the deliberate killing of an enemy, who has threatened the existence of a kin or a tribe are investigated in the article. Such a murder in ancient times has been considered as a sacred act, sanctified by the necessity of survival, and therefore heroized. It is considered so now, but there is an unwritten taboo on direct statements on it because of the moral principles and remorse. The source material for this paper includes the published works of three well-known Ukrainian Telegram-channels and internet meme, promulgated from February 24, 2022, i.e. during the period of Russian-Ukrainian war. Four cultural-symbolic codes to express the concept of murder have become the most popular in wartime, namely obscene, spectacular, agrarian-industrial and culinary. They are used to create new euphemisms and paremias. The obscene code uses a fairly significant layer of vocabulary related to the lower body. The spectacular code is an indisputable product of modern mass culture. The agrarian and industrial codes also belong to the military mainstream, and some imaginary strategies for the use of war prisoners and enemy corpses are detailed with their help. The culinary code, in which the destruction of enemy troops is described as the process of cooking various meat and vegetable dishes with the help of fire or grinding, has gained particular popularity. New cultural-symbolic codes (except the spectacular) have a mythological basis, creatively reinterpreting and playing with ancient mythologemes. In particular, the mythological ideas about life as a vegetation cycle, about the eternally hungry death-devourer and about the culinary treatment of raw products with fire as a way of their civilizing have served as the foundation for the formation of new euphemisms, and ritual vituperation is used as a way of humiliating and morally destroying the enemies.
Hubungan antara Motivasi Belajar dan Prokrastinasi Akademik Siswa Kelas V SDN SUkabumi Selatan 07
Authors: Azzahra Khairunnisa , Fauzan Fauzan
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara motivasi belajar dan prokrastinasi akademik siswa kelas V sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain korelasi. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumen berupa angket untuk variabel motivasi belajar dan prokrastinasi akademik dengan model skala likert. Sampel yang digunakan adalah sampel jenuh yaitu seluruh jumlah siswa di kelas V SDN Sukabumi Selatan 07 sebanyak 64 siswa. Tekik korelasi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah model Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan negatif dan signifikan antara motivasi belajar dan prokrastinasi akademik dengan nilai r hitung sebesar -0,539. Kemudian, hasil koefisien determinasi pada penelitian ini yaitu sebesar 27,3%, yang berarti pengaruh yang diberika motivasi belajar terhadap prokrastinasi akademik sebesar 27,3%  dan sisanya 72,7% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain.