bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patrón de consumo de anuros por athene cunicularia: implicancias para el registro arqueológico de la Región Pampeana
Authors: Alcaraz Ana Paula , Kaufmann Cristian
Published: August 2022

La Lechucita de las Vizcacheras (Athene cunicularia) es un ave Strigiforme muy conspicua en las planicies de Sudamérica. Se caracteriza por ser una especie estacionalmente oportunista que consume una amplia diversidad de vertebrados y artrópodos. En este trabajo se evalúa la variabilidad estacional en la dieta de este predador y se brinda una caracterización tafonómica de los restos ingeridos y de carcasas de anuros que ayudará a identificar al predador en contextos fósiles. Los trabajos de campo se llevaron a cabo en un sector periurbano de la ciudad de Olavarría, provincia de Buenos Aires. Se recolectaron semanalmente las egagrópilas y restos no ingeridos hallados en asociación a cuatro nidos de lechucita. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que, entre los vertebrados, las presas principales en invierno fueron los roedores y en verano los anuros. Esta especie de Strigiforme produce modificaciones leves a moderadas sobre los especímenes óseos de anfibios. Entre los efectos digestivos identificados predominan el pulido, el adelgazamiento y astillamiento.
Relación entre consumo e ingreso de las familias del distrito de Huánuco, departamento de Huánuco, Perú
Authors: Calero Roberto , Martel Fiorella
Published: August 2022

Objetivo. Determinar la asociación entre el consumo y los ingresos de las familias del distrito de Huánuco, departamento de Huánuco, Perú, durante el año 2019. Métodos. La investigación es de tipo aplicada, de nivel descriptivo-correlacional y tiene un diseño no experimental. Para la recolección de datos se usó un cuestionario de encuesta estructurado que fue aplicado a una muestra de 240 familias. En base a ello, se estimó un modelo de regresión lineal multivariado que se fundamenta teóricamente en la función del consumo keynesiano. Resultados. Se dividen en dos: (i) en base al análisis estadístico descriptivo-correlacional se encontró que para el año 2019 los niveles de ingresos y gasto en consumo fueron relativamente bajos y altos, respectivamente; y que dichas variables presentan una asociación estadística positiva de 0.672; (iii) la estimación del modelo econométrico mostró evidencia de un efecto positivo del ingreso sobre el gasto en consumo, y un valor de la propensión marginal a consumir menor a la unidad (0,71). Conclusiones. La relación entre el gasto en consumo y el ingreso de las familias del distrito de Huánuco es positiva, y el valor de la propensión marginal al consumo estimada indica que alrededor del 67 % de los ingresos se dedican al consumo y el resto al ahorro.
A Study on the Necessity of Introducing Unlisted Stock Valuation
Authors:   KOREAN SOCIETY OF TAX LAW, Lim Kyung In
Published: August 2022

In the case of stocks traded on the KOSPI or KOSDAQ market, there is an objectively verifiable transaction value, but in the case of unlisted stocks that are not marketable, the property value is mostly determined by a supplementary valuation method under the Inheritance Tax and Gift Tax Act.
The revision of the Commercial Act made it possible to issue various classes of shares, but there is no explicit regulation on how these classes of shares should be valuated. In addition, in a situation where the admini- strative interpretation to valuate the stock at an appropriate price according to the individual characteristics of the classes of shares and the admini- strative interpretation to valuate it according to the supplementary valuation method for common stocks are mixed, the valuation was made considering the individual characteristics of the classes of shares, but this was not recognized It is also a created situation.
Gift tax is levied if dividends are received on unequal conditions in proportion to shares held by the person, so gift tax cannot be levied if dividends are made to owners of classes shares that have superior conditions than common stocks. Therefore, if classes of shares with superior conditions than common stocks for dividends of profits are valuated at the same value as common stocks, excessive dividend can be used as a means of indirect gift or indirect transfer of wealth.
Therefore, unlisted stock valuation regulations should be classified into valuation regulations for common stocks and classes of shares, and a certain amount calculated in consideration of the characteristics of classes of shares superior to common stocks should be added to the value evaluated based on classes of shares.
In addition, in the case of classes of shares that do not have voting rights but have conversion rights, legislative improvement should be made to evaluate the common stock by adding the amount calculated in consider- ation of the characteristics of the classes of shares to the valuation of common stocks.
Quality of Evidence Supporting the Role of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs for the Treatment of Anxious Depression: A protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors:   Shandong University of TraditionalChinese Medicine, Dong Chengda , Shi Hongshuo , Yan Zhaojun , Liu Jianmin
Published: August 2022

Review question / Objective: Population: the participants had anxious depression diagnosed according to any authoritative diagnostic criteria, no restrictions on sex, race, age, onset time, or the source of cases. Intervention: Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), including oral and injectable NSAIDs. Comparison: conventional antidepressants. Outcome：effective rate, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale, potential gastrointestinal and neurological adverse events, etc. Study design: Randomized controlled trial. Information sources: Literature searches were conducted in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), SinoMed, Chongqing VIP. Gray literature including conference proceedings, fund application report by hand, and other possible sources including citation searching and websites.
A REVIEW ON IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY OF HERBAL DRUGS IN INDIAN TRADITIONAL SYSTEMS OF MEDICINE
Authors:   Assistant Professor, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IIMT University, Meerut., Aggarwal Mansi
Published: August 2022

Immunomodulators play a key role in immunity of each animal in this world. Almost all animals have their own system to produce different immunomodulators at different time. Herbal medicines constitute a major component in all traditional and alternative systems of medicines like siddha, ayurveda, homeopathy, naturopathy, yogic science and native american medicines. This review emphasizes on twenty-five herbal drugs including Withania somnifera, Morus Alba Linn, Acacia catechu, Achillea wilhelmsii, L. Panax ginseng, Garlic (Allium Sativum), Terminalia Arjuna, Rhus toxicodendron and many more for their Immunomodulatory potential. In addition, many of the immune-boosting and health promoting drugs are available in the market in various dosage forms like in the form of tablets, capsules, candies, juices, kadha, tea, chyawanprash, are also mentioned. Increase in the levels of total leucocytes count (TLC), Differential leucocytes count (DLC), foot paw volume, phagocytic index was observed in delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response, Neutrophil adhesion test, Acute paw anaphylaxis, phagocytosis, etc, are in vivo and in vitro biological screening methods used for the immunomodulatory activity. [2] Accordingly, this review provides numerous evidences which indicates that these medicinal drugs can be used for treating and boosting immune system and related complications. Keywords: Immune framework, Immune rule, Plant drugs, immunity boosters, marketed preparations.
Sodium doped zirconia drenched SBA-15 as a reusable solid catalyst for concurrent esterification and transesterification of low-quality oils
Authors:   School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala-147004 (INDIA)., Malhotra Rashi , Ali Amjad ,   School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala-147004 (INDIA)., Kumar Ashish ,   Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Government Post Graduate College, Khatima, Uttarakhand
Published: August 2022

Sodium doped zirconia impregnated SBA-15 has been prepared without using hydrothermal treatment trailing the wet impregnation route. The prepared catalyst has been characterized by employing various techniques viz., BET for surface area analysis, SEM for morphological study, XPS for element oxidation state determination. It was found that catalyst seized both acidic and basic sites therefore, successfully employed for one-pot or concurrent esterification and transesterification of virgin cottonseed oil and high FFA containing vegetable oils. Under optimum reaction conditions of catalyst concentration of 10 wt% with respect to weight of oil, MeOH/oil molar ratio of 30:1 and at 65 °C reaction temperature, the catalyst could confer > 98 % fatty acid methyl ester yield within 3 h of reaction duration. Regeneration study advocated that the catalyst may well be recycled for 5 successive cycles without any significant trouncing of activity and even yielded 86% fatty acid methyl esters during 6th cycle. Keywords: Heterogeneous catalysts, mesoporous, basicity, acidity, transesterification, thermodynamic parameters
Diskriminierung von Verbrauchern beim grenzüberschreitenden Zugang zu Waren und Dienstleistungen in der Europäischen Union
Authors: Safron Johannes
Published: August 2022

Anwendung der Diskriminierungsverbote für Verbraucher*innen innerhalb der EU: Tatbestandsmerkmale, Defizite und Lösungsvorschläge Möchten Verbraucherinnen und Verbraucher innerhalb der Europäischen Union grenzüberschreitend Waren oder Dienstleistungen beziehen, sei es online oder direkt vor Ort, zahlen sie nicht selten höhere Preise als Einheimische oder können das gewünschte Produkt oft gar nicht beziehen. Diesem Phänomen begegnet das Unionsrecht mit unterschiedlichen Regelungen, vor allem Diskriminierungsverboten. Vor diesem Hintergrund nimmt das Werk eine umfassende Darstellung der unionsrechtlichen Diskriminierungsverbote im grenzüberschreitenden Handel zwischen Privaten vor. Dabei wird untersucht, inwieweit diese Diskriminierungsverbote, insbesondere jene des Art. 18 AEUV, der Geoblocking-VO, der Dienstleistungs-RL und des Art. 102 AEUV, bei Diskriminierungen von Verbraucher*innen zur Anwendung gelangen. Es werden die einzelnen Tatbestandsmerkmale untersucht, Defizite aufgezeigt und Lösungsvorschläge erarbeitet. Ferner wird eruiert, inwiefern Verbraucher*innen diese Diskriminierungsverbote selbst zivilrechtlich durchsetzen können.
Assessment of Association Rule Mining Using Interest Measures on the Gene Data
Authors: AKBAŞ Kübra Elif , KIVRAK Mehmet , ARSLAN Ahmet Kadir , YAKINBAŞ Tuğçe , KORKMAZ Hasan , ÖNALAN Ebru , ÇOLAK Cemil
Published: August 2022

Aim: Data mining is the discovery process of beneficial information, not revealed from large-scale data beforehand. One of the fields in which data mining is widely used is health. With data mining, the diagnosis and treatment of the disease and the risk factors affecting the disease can be determined quickly. Association rules are one of the data mining techniques. The aim of this study is to determine patient profiles by obtaining strong association rules with the apriori algorithm, which is one of the association rule algorithms.

Material and Method: The data set used in the study consists of 205 acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. The patients have also carried the genotype of the FNDC5 (rs3480, rs726344, rs16835198) polymorphisms. Support and confidence measures are used to evaluate the rules obtained in the Apriori algorithm. The rules obtained by these measures are correct but not strong. Therefore, interest measures are used, besides two basic measures, with the aim of obtaining stronger rules. In this study For reaching stronger rules, interest measures lift, conviction, certainty factor, cosine, phi and mutual information are applied.

Results: In this study, 108 rules were obtained. The proposed interest measures were implemented to reach stronger rules and as a result 29 of the rules were qualified as strong.

Conclusion: As a result, stronger rules have been obtained with the use of interest measures in the clinical decision making process. Thanks to the strong rules obtained, it will facilitate the patient profile determination and clinical decision-making process of AMI patients.
Prognostic Significance of Tumor Budding in Urothelial Carcinomas of the Bladder: Comparison of Two Different Tumor Budding Evaluation Methods
Authors: ÖCAL İrfan , GÜZELİŞ İsmail
Published: August 2022

Aim: In our study, we aimed to reveal the effect of tumor budding(TB) on prognosis in urothelial carcinomas and to compare the most commonly used alternative method (AM) and the International Tumor Budding Consensus Conference (ITBCC) system. TB can be easily assessed on routine hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides. In studies, TB was found to be associated with prognostic parameters in many organs. TB assessment in many organ cancers is based on ITBCC or alternatively different values used by different authors.

Material and Method: Forty-eight urothelial cancers were obtained from 2010 to 2016 that was comprised of those having undergone surgical staging with a cystectomy or cystoprostatectomy and at least 5 years followed up. All hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides were re-evaluated for the status of TB according to ITBCC and AM.

Results: According to ITBCC TB was not correlated with pT, lymphovascular invasion, lymph node involvement (LNI), tumor stage and 5-year mortality (p=0.102, p=0.722, p=0.165, p=0.431, p=0.524). According to AM, TB was more frequent as pT advanced, and was marginally associated with LNI (p=0.027, p=0.058). There was no relationship between TB and overall survival (p=0.130).

Conclusion: We found the cut-off value in AM more useful than ITBCC recommendations. Although the association of TB with some of the prognostic parameters suggests that it may also be associated with prognosis, no relationship was found with overall survival. This may be related to the number of our cases.
Stewardship: An Ethics for Environmental Respectability in Africa
Authors: Gubazire Bonaventure B.
Published: August 2022

Drawing on various environmental philosophers and other scholars, this paper modestly proposes an ethitocal theory known as stewardship that strongly challenges mankind to treat nature (environment) with substantial reverence and care. Nature and human beings are symbiotically related. Human beings depend on nature for their existence. Stewardship, as an ethical theory and practice, pivots on the philosophical idea that nature is sacred [i.e., bearer of intrinsic value and locus of transcendence]. Stewardship challenges human beings to committedly preserve nature and to only tamper with it for the procurement of basic human needs. Destroying nature is somehow destroying oneself. Such awareness may change the way human beings relate to nature, especially in radical capitalistic societies where nature is simply seen as a means to satisfy human interests. This paper recommends contributory measures for implementing the ethics of stewardship. These include the ethical principles of co-existentiality, personalised responsibility, proportionality and solidarity. The ethics of stewardship carries greater prospects of challenging people’s irresponsible appropriation, commercialisation and instrumentalisation of nature (anthropocentrism); hence, contributing to environmental respectability.

Keywords: Nature (environment), Anthropocentrism, Sacredness, Stewardship.
Unveiling the Origin of Peculiar Diffuse Radio Emission in A1351
Authors: Chatterjee Swarna , Rahaman Majidul , Datta Abhirup , Raja Ramij
Published: August 2022

Abell 1351 (A1351) is a massive merging cluster that hosts a giant radio halo and a bright radio edge blended in the halo. In this paper, we present the first ever spectral analysis of this cluster using GMRT 610 MHz and VLA 1.4 GHz archival data and discuss the radio edge property. Using Chandra data, we report the first tentative detection of shock front at the location of the edge in A1351 with discontinuities in both X-ray surface brightness and temperature. Our analysis strengthens the previous claim of the detected “edge” being a high luminosity radio relic. The radio relic has an integrated spectral index α = − 1.63 ± 0.33 and radio power P
1.4 GHz = 4.46 ±0.61 × 1024 W Hz−1 with a largest linear size of 570 kpc. The radio spectral index map shows steepening in the shock downstream region. Our analysis favors the scenario where the diffusive shock acceleration of particles is responsible for the origin of the radio relic in the presence of a strong magnetic field. We have also estimated the magnetic field at the relic location assuming equipartition condition.
Gamma-Ray Eclipses and Orbital Modulation Transitions in the Candidate Redback 4FGL J1702.7–5655
Authors: Corbet R. H. D. , Chomiuk L. , Coley J. B. , Dubus G. , Edwards P. G. , Islam N. , McBride V. A. , Stevens J. , Strader J. , Swihart S. J. , Townsend L. J.
Published: August 2022

Observations with the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) of the gamma-ray source 4FGL J1702.7−5655, previously classified as a candidate millisecond pulsar, show highly significant modulation at a period of 0.2438033 days (∼5.85 hr). Further examination of the folded light curve indicates the presence of narrow eclipses, suggesting that this is a redback binary system. An examination of the long-term properties of the modulation over 13 years of LAT observations indicates that the orbital modulation of the gamma rays changed from a simple eclipse before early 2013 to a broader, more easily detected quasi-sinusoidal modulation. In addition, the time of the eclipse shifts to ∼0.05 later in phase. This change in the orbital modulation properties, however, is not accompanied by a significant overall change in gamma-ray flux or spectrum. The quasi-sinusoidal component peaks ∼0.5 out of phase with the eclipse, which would indicate inferior conjunction of the compact object in the system. Swift X-ray Telescope observations reveal a possible X-ray counterpart within the LAT error ellipse. However, radio observations obtained with the Australia Telescope Compact Array do not detect a source in the region. 4FGL J1702.7−5655 appears to have changed its state in 2013, perhaps related to changes in the intrabinary shock in the system. We compare the properties of 4FGL J1702.7−5655 to those of other binary millisecond pulsars that have exhibited orbital modulation in gamma-rays.
Light from the Darkness: Detecting Ultra-diffuse Galaxies in the Perseus Cluster through Over-densities of Globular Clusters with a Log-Gaussian Cox Process
Authors: Li 李 Dayi David 大一 , Eadie Gwendolyn M. , Abraham Roberto , Brown Patrick E. , Harris William E. , Janssens Steven R. , Romanowsky Aaron J. , van Dokkum Pieter , Danieli Shany
Published: August 2022

We introduce a new method for detecting ultra-diffuse galaxies by searching for over-densities in intergalactic globular cluster populations. Our approach is based on an application of the log-Gaussian Cox process, which is a commonly used model in the spatial statistics literature but rarely used in astronomy. This method is applied to the globular cluster data obtained from the PIPER survey, a Hubble Space Telescope imaging program targeting the Perseus cluster. We successfully detect all confirmed ultra-diffuse galaxies with known globular cluster populations in the survey. We also identify a potential galaxy that has no detected diffuse stellar content. Preliminary analysis shows that it is unlikely to be merely an accidental clump of globular clusters or other objects. If confirmed, this system would be the first of its kind. Simulations are used to assess how the physical parameters of the globular cluster systems within ultra-diffuse galaxies affect their detectability using our method. We quantify the correlation of the detection probability with the total number of globular clusters in the galaxy and the anticorrelation with increasing half-number radius of the globular cluster system. The Sérsic index of the globular cluster distribution has little impact on detectability.
Combination of selected Thai traditional pain relief medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory abilities in a protein denaturation assay
Authors: Theanphong Orawan , Somwong Pathom
Published: August 2022

Crateva adansoniiDC,Maerua siamensis(Kurz) Pax, andMallotus repandus(Willd.) Müll. Arg. have long been used as ingredients in compound herbal medicines to relieve pain in Thailand. In this study, an albumin denaturation inhibition experiment was used to assess the anti-inflammatory properties of the ethanolic extracts of these plants and their mixture. Lupeol, the active molecule responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity, was chosen as a chemical marker for the extracts. All plant extracts demonstrated anti-inflammatory potential. Their IC50values ranged from 1.19 to 7.31 mg/mL. This blend showed the strongest anti-inflammatory effect, with a 0.5-fold increase in activity when compared to diclofenac. Lupeol, an anti-inflammatory agent, is one of the chemical constituents of the selected medicinal plants. Its content ranged from 0.04 to 8.60% w/w, as determined by HPLC in this study. It means that the plants, alone and in combination, are a good source of herbs for further pharmacological study and product development.
On eleven species of jumping spiders from Xishuangbanna, China (Araneae, Salticidae)
Authors: Wang Cheng , Li Shuqiang
Published: August 2022

One new genus and eight new species from Xishuangbanna, China are described and diagnosed: Bocusoides zhaoigen. and sp. nov., Euochin miisp. nov. (♂♀), E. tangisp. nov. (♀), Eupoa logunovisp. nov. (♂♀), Indomarengo wengnansp. nov. (♀), Laufeia zhangaesp. nov. (♂♀), Simaetha huigangsp. nov. (♂♀), and Synagelides chenisp. nov. (♀). The unknown sexes of three endemic species, Chalcovietnamicus lii (Lei & Peng, 2010) comb. nov. (ex Chalcoscirtus Bertkau, 1880), Indomarengo yui Wang & Li, 2020, and Rhene triapophyses Peng, 1995 are described for the first time.
Near-infrared spectroscopy to assess mycotoxins contamination and nutritional composition of maize marketed in South America, years 2020-2021
Authors: Tyska D. , Mallmann A.O. , Vidal J.K. , Simões C.T. , Mallmann C.A.
Published: August 2022

Mycotoxicological and nutritional analyses were conducted in maize from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (stratified by region), Colombia and Peru through near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in 2020 and 2021. Concentrations of aflatoxin B1(AFB1), fumonisins B1+ B2(FBs), zearalenone (ZEN) and deoxynivalenol, in addition to water activity, crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), starch and apparent metabolizable energy (AME) in poultry, were determined in 18,363 spectra (totalling 195,486 analyses). FBs were the most prevalent metabolites in South American maize, being detected in 91.6 and 91.9% of the samples; ZEN had the second highest positivity, 15.4 and 26.8%, followed by AFB1, 15.3 and 14.6% (2020 and 2021, respectively). FBs also had the highest incidence in Brazilian maize, 92.6 and 92.1%, followed by AFB1, 15.2 and 13.5%, and ZEN, 14.7 and 27.7% (2020 and 2021, respectively). Contamination with at least one mycotoxin was detected in 93.5% of the samples. The mycotoxins found co-contaminating the maize belong to the generaFusariumandAspergillus; FBs, followed by ZEN and AFB1, were the most prevalent toxins in the associations. Levels of water activity were below 0.70. Regarding chemical composition, CP presented the largest oscillation in relation to the mean in South American maize (both years). As for the Brazilian samples, the Southeast region showed the greatest positive variability in relation to the means for all evaluated parameters, followed by the Northeast region (excepting CP) in 2020; in 2021, the Central-West and Northeast regions had the highest levels of EE and AME. In both years, the South region presented lower levels in relation to the mean for most parameters. Data on prevalence, mycotoxicological contamination, storage conditions and nutritional quality of maize assist the decision-making process of raw material use. In this setting, NIRS suits the needs of the industry for providing information on multiple parameters in real time.
Opportunities and Challenges in Medical Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Subramanian Tanvi , Rowland Kathryn J.
Published: August 2022

The abrupt onset of the pandemic in early 2020 presented a clear challenge to medical and resident education across the nation. Numerous changes were made to allow educational efforts to continue, including the use of virtual formats. The benefits and challenges to virtual learning, as well as the difficulty in transitioning certain skills, such as thorough physical examination and procedural skills, are discussed. Future opportunities exist for hybrid virtual learning and conferences and the development of formal telehealth curricula. The effect of these changes on professional identity formation must be intentionally addressed and role model and mentor relationships fostered both virtually and in person. Given the availability of both vaccines and personal protective equipment, appropriately protected students and trainees should be afforded every opportunity to pursue hands-on medical learning in preparation for their future careers.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2022;51(8):e319–e323.]
Pseudomonas spp. in biological plant protection and growth promotion
Authors: Nerek Ewelina , Sokołowska Barbara
Published: August 2022

Nowadays in worldwide agriculture, sustainable strategies are implemented to reduce negative effects on ecosystems created by conventional practice, mainly environmental pollution caused by intensive use of fertilizers and chemical plant protection products. Bacteria from the genus Pseudomonas can be considered biocontrol and plant growth-promoting agents due to their various plant beneficial traits e.g., siderophores production, phytohormones synthesis, antagonism against phytopathogenic fungi. This is a reason for increasing researchers' interest in improving of existing or elaborating new technologies that enable the effective application of these bacteria in agriculture. Pseudomonads are non-sporulating bacteria and it is a major constraint for creating bioformulation for commercial use with a sufficiently high stable number of viable cells during shelf-life. Therefore, scientists are making efforts to improve techniques of bioformulations to enable large-scale production and use of pseudomonads under field conditions. The aim of this review is to describe traits of Pseudomonas spp. which are useful in plant protection and growth-promotion and to highlight examined techniques for preparing bioformulations containing pseudomonads with sufficiently long shelf life.
Understanding the structural properties of feasible chemically reduced graphene
Authors: Safie Nur Ezyanie , Azam Mohd Asyadi
Published: August 2022

The production of pristine graphene materials for industrialization, often limited by the complicated synthesis route, has introduced other graphene derivatives with a workable and facile synthesis route, especially for mass production. For the chemical exfoliation process, the synthesis involves oxidants and reducing agents to exfoliate the graphene layer from the 3D graphite and remove excess oxygen-containing functional groups yielding graphene-like materials known as reduced graphene oxide (rGO). This work feasibly produces rGO with nanoplatelet morphology through the green solution-processable method. Upon reduction, the crystallite size for the a-axis (La) is more prominent (22.50 Å) than the crystallite size for the c-axis (Lc) (11.50 Å), suggesting the nanoplatelets structure of the end product, which is also confirmed by the morphology. The integrated intensity (ID/IG) ratio and average defect density (nD) of as-prepared rGO confirmed the sp2 restoration in the graphitic structure. Overall, the Raman and X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization parameters validate the production of rGO nanoplatelets, especially with four graphene layers per domain, suggesting that high-quality rGO are achievable and ready to be implemented for the large-scale production.
On fitting and forecasting the log-returns of cryptocurrency exchange rates using a new logistic model and machine learning algorithms
Authors: Ahmad Zubair , Almaspoor Zahra , Khan Faridoon , Alhazmi Sharifah E. , El-Morshedy M. , Ababneh O. Y. , Al-Omari Amer Ibrahim
Published: August 2022

Cryptocurrency is a digital currency and also exists in the form of coins. It has turned out as a leading method for peer-to-peer online cash systems. Due to the importance and increasing influence of Bitcoin on business and other related sectors, it is very crucial to model or predict its behavior. Therefore, in recent, numerous researchers have attempted to understand and model the behaviors of cryptocurrency exchange rates. In the practice of actuarial and financial studies, heavy-tailed distributions play a fruitful role in modeling and describing the log returns of financial phenomena. In this paper, we propose a new family of distributions that possess heavy-tailed characteristics. Based on the proposed approach, a modified version of the logistic distribution, namely, a new modified exponential-logistic distribution is introduced. To illustrate the new modified exponential-logistic model, two financial data sets are analyzed. The first data set represents the log-returns of the Bitcoin exchange rates. Whereas, the second data set represents the log-returns of the Ethereum exchange rates. Furthermore, to forecast the high volatile behavior of the same datasets, we apply dual machine learning algorithms, namely Artificial neural network and support vector regression. The effectiveness of these models is evaluated against self exciting threshold autoregressive model.
Komentarji poglavij I–IV Pravopisa 8.0
Authors: Dobrovoljc Helena , Lengar Verovnik Tina , Kocjan Barle Marta , Jakop Nataša , Weiss Peter , Tivadar Hotimir
Published: August 2022

From December 2019 to March 2021, the Commission on Orthography at the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts and the Scientific Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts published four chapters proposed to be included in the new normative rules. The proposals were published on the Fran website in a format suitable for public discussion: Written symbols (December 2019), Abbreviations (December 2019), Capitalization (March 2021), Loanwords and loan phrases (March 2021).

The presentation of the new normative chapters is supplemented by commentaries, explaining and justifying the considerations and decisions of the Commission on Orthography. The publication of all comments on the already published chapters of the Pravopis 8.0 is the result of frequently expressed desires: that all commentaries be accessible to the user and that it be possible to refer to the explanations of chapter authors, i.e. the members of the Commission on Orthography at the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts and the Scientific Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, when writing these rules, which is typical for scientific publications.
The comments were written as justifications for the rules presented; they are primarily intended to provide explanations for those areas where the decision is not yet final and where the Commission expects new arguments to emerge in the public discussion. These arguments are intended to contribute to a more consensual decision regarding areas that have been left out or completely ignored by the language community for an extended period of time.
Pravopis 8.0 – Pravila novega slovenskega pravopisa za javno razpravo
Authors: Dobrovoljc Helena , Lengar Verovnik Tina , Jakop Nataša , Kocjan Barle Marta , Weiss Peter , Tivadar Hotimir , Orešnik Janez , Bizjak Končar Aleksandra , E. Skubic Andrej
Published: August 2022

Since 3 December 2019, the Commission on Orthography at the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts and the Scientific Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts has been publishing updated or redesigned chapters of the normative rules, which are published as one of the collections on the Fran website.

In the first part of the publication, the first two chapters of the normative rules are published. The chapters titled “Written symbols” and “Abbreviations” were released for public discussion in December 2019. In comparison to Slovenski pravopis 2001, the chapter “Written symbols” was expanded, i.e. information was added about the problem areas language users encounter when dealing with non-letter written symbols, or letters that are not part of the Slovenian alphabet, or letters that play a special role in a text (e. g., as signs or symbols). Later, when borrowing directions for foreign languages were created to further reform the rules, it turned out that the chapter on written symbols still needed to be amended. The second chapter of the normative rules is completely new; previous normative guides did not require such a detailed description of this problem area: abbreviations occurred occasionally; the codification of symbols was defined by professionals of the field in which the symbols appeared in various roles; abbreviations were considered to be indeclinable nouns or units that gradually disappear from usage and become normal words in terms of the way they are written and spoken.
In an effort to ensure a transparent process of reforming the rules, comments were collected from the public discussion. These comments were received in December 2019 through online forms or from various participants of the discussion, either individually or as a group (comments from proofreading groups or from members of media company teams).
Kranjčev Wutte, Svetinov Wolf in Jančarjev Mischkolnig: podoba nemškega častnika v treh slovenskih romanih
Authors: Smolej Tone
Published: August 2022

Vermaht je bil kot organizacija soodgovoren za številne zločine v času nacizma, saj je veljal za jekleni temelj režima. Nemškim vojakom je bilo ukazano, da v boju proti partizanom ne smejo pokazati nikakršne dobrodušnosti, ampak sovraštvo, superiornost ter smisel za neusmiljeno izkoreninjenje komunistov. Kakšna je literarna podoba nemškega častnika, ki je med drugo svetovno vojno deloval na slovenskem ozemlju? Odgovor na to vprašanje bom skušal najti pri treh slovenskih pisateljih (Miško Kranjec, Tone Svetina in Drago Jančar), ki so se tega podjetja lotili v različnih časovnih obdobjih. Vsem pa je skupno, da so opisovali dogodke v zadnjih letih vojne, torej po italijanski kapitulaciji, ko je na našem ozemlju prišlo do koncentracije nemškega vojaštva. Kranjčev poročnik Otto Wutte je del njegove nedokončane tetralogije Za svetlimi obzorji, Svetina svojega majorja Helmuta Wolfa vpelje v romanu Ukana, Jančar pa v romanu In ljubezen tudi opiše lik Obersturmbannführerja Ludwiga Mischkolniga.
Kako poučevati nepredstavljivo: vojni roman Slavenke Drakulić Kot da me ni pri pouku književnosti
Authors: Mrak Anja
Published: August 2022

Posodobljeno berilo Branja 3 v srednješolski pouk književnosti prinaša tudi vojni roman Slavenke Drakulić Kot da me ni (Kao da me nema, 1999), ki prikazuje nedojemljive zločine proti človeštvu, posilstva, nacionalno in versko sovraštvo ter neizbrisne posledice vojne. Obravnava tematike travmatične izkušnje nasilja in zlorabe pri pouku nedvomno predstavlja svojevrsten pedagoški izziv, zato je zlasti pomembna ustrezna družbeno-politična in zgodovinska kontekstualizacija romana ter zadostna mera občutljivosti pri predstavljanju čustveno zelo zahtevne tematike, dodatno obremenjene tudi zaradi neposredne časovne in geografske bližine. V članku raziskujem možnosti zasledovanja širših predmetnih ciljev književnega pouka v okviru etične vzgoje prek literature z branjem pripovedi o travmi in izpostavim ključne točke za obravnavo tovrstnih besedil v razredu. Ob izbranih odlomkih v berilu analiziram tudi spremljajoč didaktični instrumentarij (spremno besedilo, vprašanja, podatki o avtorici), ki dijakinje in dijake usmerja pri interpretaciji dotičnega romana.
Leaky Waveguide Grating (LWG) Biosensor
Authors: Gupta Ruchi , Pal Anil , Goddard Nicholas J.
Published: August 2022

A novel leaky waveguide grating (LWG) biosensor is reported where a continuous waveguide film of chitosan was photo patterned, resulting in a periodic modulation of the concentration of recognition elements (streptavidin in this case). This resulted in a periodic variation in the refractive index of the waveguide film, forming a phase grating at resonance angles of the LWG. Thus, a diffraction pattern was observed at resonance angles, but not at other angles. The position of resonance angles and hence diffraction pattern was a function of the refractive index of chitosan waveguide strips, forming the basis of biosensing and quantitative measurements.
Overview on Theory of Co-Creation for Competitive Advantage through Open Innovation in Modern Business Environment
Authors: Gunarathne D. M. I. A. , Ranjani R. P. C.
Published: August 2022

This paper aims to assess the potential of a company to create competitive advantage through open innovation in dynamic environmental context of organizations. The dynamic nature challenges the competitiveness of a firm demanding to implement novel corporate strategies to stay competitive in the market. Hence, firms view traditional methods of competing in markets to be as less reliable, and obsolete. There are three different theoretical perspectives identified in open innovation mainly as service science, innovation and technology management, and marketing and consumer research. The collaborative process of producing value with the support of all parties involved in the supply chain process means, having participants with diverse ideas. However, having a diverse group result in having individuals with varied interests and expectations that can pursue an individual agenda. Hence, it and can force people to undertake an additional risk by moving from their own comfort zones for better results. It also can create ambiguity and result in loosing common understanding, making it harder to achieve the common goals set initially. Instrumental to open innovations in organization are the collaboration, culture and the structural changes that foster and facilitate success.
M-Payment Adoption in SMEs; Virtual Entrepreneurs
Authors: Chandradasa Isuru , Liyanapathirana Yasindee
Published: August 2022

The fast growth and adoption of M-payment services has been fueled by the technology and communication revolution. The goal of this study is to examine M-payment adoption and implications among SMEs within informal virtual entrepreneurs and give insights to help them continue their venture operations to compete in a technologically sophisticated environment. The purpose of this research aimed to investigate the unknown facts about the M-payment phenomena from an enterprise standpoint. The current study is quantitative, and the model was created using Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 constructs and empirical data from previous literature. A generally verified and reliable model for the study was constructed using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model and empirical data. The study's primary data were gathered from 122 SME owners who expanded their enterprises to virtual platforms. The study's findings emphasized that perceived transaction convenience and compatibility, as well as relative advantage and absorptive capacity, have a significant impact on M- payment adoption, while perceived risk has a significant negative impact on M-payment adoption among informal virtual entrepreneurs in the SME context in Sri Lanka. Furthermore, social influence has no influence on M-payment acceptance. The study findings are helpful for developers, vendors, policymakers, and SMEs entrepreneurs in determining the wants of most growing sectors of the economy, and the model established from the current study may be applied for future studies by identifying and eliminating restrictions of the same study.
First host plant record forChlamydatus ruficornisKnight and description of nymphs (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae)
Authors: Clark Aaron
Published: August 2022

Nymphs and adults ofChlamydatus ruficornisKnight were collected in southeast Wyoming, United States of America, under monoculture mats of prostrate knotweed,Polygonum aviculareLinnaeus (Polygonaceae). Adults and instars III–V of this rarely encountered phyline were common in small open areas of bare dirt between overlapping knotweed stems. In captivity, adults and nymphs fed on knotweed stems and occasionally leaves but appeared to avoid inflorescences and seeds. This species is multivoltine and overwinters as eggs in the Laramie Range of Wyoming (elevation 1665 m). A key to the developmental stages of brachypterous nymphs and photographs of each instar are provided. The location of meso- and metafemoral trichobothria and the dorsal abdominal scent gland opening of the nymphal instars are described. A rare macropterous fifth instar is described and photographed.
Relationship between personality traits and organizational commitment of nursing staff in Elhawamdia General Hospital
Authors: Aboelmhasen Mona M. , Seada Abeer M. , Pessa Mohammed A.
Published: August 2022

Background

Nurses’ commitments to the organization play a central role in their retention in the field of health care organizations. For better understanding what motivates nurses to be committed, organizations can benefit greatly from personality assessment.

Aim

To assess the relationship between personality traits and organizational commitment of nursing staff.

Design

A descriptive correlational design was used.

Setting

Data were collected from Elhawamdia General Hospital.

Sample

A convenient sample (n>190) of nursing staff who accepted to participate in the study was enrolled.

Tools

Two tools were utilized to collect data: (a) personality trait questionnaire and (b) organizational commitment questionnaire.

Results

The study findings revealed that study nurses had personality traits of conscientiousness (84.7%), agreeableness (82.2%), openness to experience (76.7%), extraversion (71.3%), and finally, neuroticism trait (61.6%). Moreover, they had high level of organizational commitment. Moreover, there was a statistically significant correlation between study nurses’ personality traits and their organization commitment (r=0.408, P=0.001).

Conclusion

There was a positive and significant relationship between study nurses’ personality traits and their organization commitment. The studied nurses also had high level of organizational commitment.

Recommendations

Health organizations should use personality trait scales in nursing personnel selection, nursing managers should develop more adaptive organizational commitment activities for nurses in accordance to their personalities, and further studies are recommended to be conducted in other governmental and private organizations for the sake of comparative analysis.
Factors predisposing to limb ischemia among critically ill patients receiving inotropes
Authors: Abdelkader AbouShair El Said S. , Morsy Warda Y.M. , El-Feky Hanaa A.A. , Sayed Mohamed S.
Published: August 2022

Background

Critically ill patients receiving positive inotropes are at risk for developing many complications, of these is peripheral limb ischemia. Therefore, they require assessment, prevention, early detection, and management that might shorten hospital stay and improve patient outcomes.

Aim

To assess factors predisposing to limb ischemia among critically ill patients receiving positive inotropes.

Research design

A descriptive exploratory research design was utilized in this study.

Results

Severe peripheral/limb ischemia affected 70.6% of the studied participants. It was most frequently found in the right and left lower limbs at a percentage of 81.6 and 79.4%, respectively. Limb ischemia was most frequently noticed among male patients in the age group of 50–60 years old, who had comorbid diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. Many factors predisposes the patient to limb ischemia such as intravenous administration of both epinephrine and norepinephrine at a percentage of 81.6%, with a significant statistical relationship between limb ischemia and positive inotrope administration (χ
2=31.52, P≤0.000), epinephrine doses (χ
2=43.53, P≤0.000), and norepinephrine doses (χ
2=69.55, P≤0.000): smoking (χ
2=12.46, P≤0.002), family history (χ
2=24.01, P≤0.000), total cholesterol level (χ
2=7.64, P≤0.022), BMI (χ
2=55.02, P≤0.000), and comorbidities (χ
2=20.55, P≤0.002).

Conclusion

Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that limb ischemia is a common problem among critically ill patients receiving positive inotropes. Therefore, continuous and strict assessment could play an important role in its prevention and early detection.

Recommendations

Closed observation for patients receiving inotrope infusions, especially for those at risk for developing limb ischemia, and replication of this study on a larger probability sample selected from different geographical areas in Egypt.
Impact of collaboration behavior among staff nurses on their quality of work life and job satisfaction
Authors: Etway Hafaz Eman A.E.
Published: August 2022

Background

Nursing collaboration is a key component of promoting a good work environment in a health-care organization, as it helps to support acceptable workloads and levels of complexity, which leads to improved nurses’ quality of life and job satisfaction.

Aim

To assess the impact of collaboration behavior among staff nurses on their quality of work life and job satisfaction.

Design

A descriptive correlational study design was utilized.

Setting

The study was conducted in the medical critical care units at New Kasr El Aini Teaching Hospital.

Subject

A convenience sample of staff nurses (n=90) who are working in the previous mentioned setting.

Tools

Three questionnaires were used for this study: nurse collaboration behavior scale (20 items), quality of work life (38 items), and job satisfaction questionnaire (28 items).

Results

Results of the present study regarding collaboration behavior items revealed that around two-thirds (64.4%) of the participants agreed on listening to each other’s opinions and suggestions item, while 34.4% of them disagreed about no qualms in sharing their ideas with one another item. Also, participants were highly perceived for all-quality work life dimensions (mean%=72.1%) and most of the study participants had a moderate level of job satisfaction (78.9%). However, this study showed that there was a statistically significant positive correlation between nurse collaboration behavior and quality of work life, but no correlation was found between nurse collaboration behavior and job satisfaction (P=0.000).

Conclusion

The current study concluded that the majority of participants agreed about most of collaboration behavior items, participants were highly perceived for all-quality work life dimensions, and most of them had a moderate level of job satisfaction. However, there was statistically significant positive correlation between collaboration behavior and quality of work life, but no statistically significant correlation between collaboration behavior and job satisfaction as well as there was a positive statistically significant correlation between quality of work life and job satisfaction.

Recommendations

Nurse managers should display collaboration behaviors to construct an engaging climate, collaborative relationship with nurses and health team to preserve quality of patients’ care, and hospital administration must regularly monitor nurse job satisfaction and resolve points of dissatisfaction to encourage staff affiliation with the organization and to improve quality of work life.