bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does Grazing Exclusion Improve Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks in Alpine Grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau? A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu Xiang , Sheng Haiyan , Wang Zhaoqi , Ma Zhiwen , Huang Xiaotao , Li Lanhai
Published: January 2020

Grazing exclusion has been widely used to restore the degraded alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). However, the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil total nitrogen (STN) pools after grazing exclusion and their controlling factors are currently less understood in this region. Here, a meta-analysis was conducted to quantitatively assess the changes in SOC and STN stocks in topsoil (0–30 cm) following grazing exclusion in three major grassland types (alpine meadow, alpine steppe, and alpine desert steppe) on the QTP and to explore the potential factors controlling the effects of grazing exclusion on SOC and STN stocks. The results showed that overall, grazing exclusion significantly increased SOC stock by 16.5% and STN stock by 11.2%. Significant increases in both SOC and STN stocks were observed after grazing exclusion of alpine meadow. In contrast, grazing exclusion did not improve SOC and STN stocks in the other two grassland types. The difference in mean annual precipitation among grassland types was a likely reason for the different dynamics of SOC and STN stocks after grazing exclusion. The effect sizes of both SOC and STN stocks were positively related to the duration of grazing exclusion, and a positive relationship was detected between the effect size of SOC stock and that of STN stock, demonstrating that the dynamics of SOC and STN were closely coupled during the period of grazing exclusion. However, grazing exclusion had no impact on soil C:N ratio for all grassland types, indicating that soil C:N ratio was generally stable after grazing exclusion. Therefore, it is suggested that the increase in STN can support continuous SOC accumulation following grazing exclusion. In conclusion, the findings suggest that the effects of grazing exclusion on SOC and STN stocks differ among grassland types on the QTP, and grazing exclusion of alpine meadows may provide substantial opportunities for improving SOC and STN stocks in this region.
Imported Human West Nile Virus Lineage 2 Infection in Spain: Neurological and Gastrointestinal Complications
Authors: Velasco María , Sánchez-Seco María Paz , Campelo Carolina , de Ory Fernando , Martin Oriol , Herrero Laura , Salmerón Béliz Octavio J. , Minguito Teodora , Campos Mª Carmen , Molero Francisca , Algora Alejandro , Vázquez Ana
Published: January 2020

We report the first human case of West Nile virus (WNV) lineage 2 infection imported to Spain by a traveler returning from Romania. Serum, cerebrospinal fluid and urine samples were analyzed and West Nile virus infection was identified by PCR and serological tests. The patient developed fever, diarrhea and neurological symptoms, accompanied by mild pancreatitis, described previously in very few cases as a complication of WNV infection and by alithiasic cholecystitis. Viral RNA was detected in urine until 30 days after the onset of symptoms and neutralizing antibodies were detected at very low titers. The phylogenetic analysis in a fragment of the NS5 gene of the virus showed a homology with sequences from WNV lineage 2 belonging to the monophyletic Central/Southern European group.
Safety Profile of a Multi-Antigenic DNA Vaccine Against Hepatitis C Virus
Authors: Gummow Jason , Masavuli Makutiro G. , Mekonnen Zelalem A. , Li Yanrui , Wijesundara Danushka K. , Shrestha Ashish C. , Voskoboinik Ilia , Gowans Eric J. , Grubor-Bauk Branka
Published: January 2020

Despite direct acting antivirals (DAAs) curing >95% of individuals infected with hepatitis C (HCV), in order to achieve the World Health Organization HCV Global Elimination Goals by 2030 there are still major challenges that need to be overcome. DAAs alone are unlikely to eliminate HCV in the absence of a vaccine that can limit viral transmission. Consequently, a prophylactic HCV vaccine is necessary to relieve the worldwide burden of HCV disease. DNA vaccines are a promising vaccine platform due to their commercial viability and ability to elicit robust T-cell-mediated immunity (CMI). We have developed a novel cytolytic DNA vaccine that encodes non-structural HCV proteins and a truncated mouse perforin (PRF), which is more immunogenic than the respective canonical DNA vaccine lacking PRF. Initially we assessed the ability of the HCV pNS3-PRF and pNS4/5-PRF DNA vaccines to elicit robust long-term CMI without any adverse side-effects in mice. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot) assay was used to evaluate CMI against NS3, NS4 and NS5B in a dose-dependent manner. This analysis showed a dose-dependent bell-curve of HCV-specific responses in vaccinated animals. We then thoroughly examined the effects associated with reactogenicity of cytolytic DNA vaccination with the multi-antigenic HCV DNA vaccine (pNS3/4/5B). Hematological, biochemical and histological studies were performed in male Sprague Dawley rats with a relative vaccine dose 10–20-fold higher than the proposed dose in Phase I clinical studies. The vaccine was well tolerated, and no toxicity was observed. Thus, the cytolytic multi-antigenic DNA vaccine is safe and elicits broad memory CMI.
A Water Footprint Review of Italian Wine: Drivers, Barriers, and Practices for Sustainable Stewardship
Authors: Aivazidou Eirini , Tsolakis Naoum
Published: January 2020

Wine constitutes the dominant Italian agricultural product with respect to both production quantity and economic value. Italy is the top wine producer worldwide in terms of volume and the second one below France in terms of national income. As the Italian agricultural production accounts for 85% of the national freshwater appropriation, the country’s agricultural sector strains freshwater resources, especially in the central and southern regions, which constitute important winemaking areas in terms of quantity and quality. To this end, we first perform a review of the existing research efforts on wine water footprint assessment to investigate the water dynamics of wine production in Italy compared to the rest of the world. The results indicate a prevalence of studies on the water footprint of Italian wine, emphasising the need for deeper research on the sector’s water efficiency. Then, we aim at exploring the major drivers, barriers, and good practises for systematic water stewardship in the Italian winemaking industry, considering the product and territorial characteristics. This research is anticipated to contribute towards providing insights for practitioners in the Italian wine sector to develop water-friendly corporate schemes for enhancing the added value of their products.
EDUCAÇÃO E A PRÁTICA DOCENTE NO MUNDO HODIERNO
Authors: Ávila Nivaldo Nogueira de , Sena Michel Canuto de , Silva Fernando Moreira Freitas da , Bastos Paulo Roberto Haidamus de Oliveira , Santos Alcione Maria dos
Published: January 2020

O presente estudo aponta e discute aspectos da metodologia de ensino docente na atualidade. Dentre os principais tópicos, podemos citar a formação de professores com embasamento na teoria do capital humano, o que acaba por interferir diretamente na organização do sistema educacional. Nosso atual sistema educacional evidencia o desenvolvimento da formação docente através de novas tecnologias e entende que a identidade profissional também incorpora o espaço conquistado para desenvolver seu trabalho de forma institucionalizada. Assim, a utilização da educação como ferramenta das classes dominantes, investiga pressupostos que embasam a formação e prática do professor, apontando as principais dificuldades encontradas para o desenvolvimento da prática. Para isso, foi realizada revisão narrativa e compreensiva.
REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS DE SURDOS SOBRE A SURDEZ: DEFICIÊNCIA OU DIFERENÇA?
Authors: Guimarães Jéssics Suzana
Published: January 2020

Como tema de pesquisa, a questão da surdez pode ser abordada de diferentes formas. Opta-se, neste estudo, compreender sobre as representações sociais da surdez pela comunidade surda, sendo um aspecto essencial na formulação de propostas educacionais para surdos. A elaboração da pesquisa justificasse para contribuir e ampliar as discussões sobre a surdez, tendo como base levantamento bibliográfico, com o objetivo de compreender a surdez como deficiência ou diferença, visto que surdos relatam nesse estudo que não se consideram deficientes e aceitam sua condição, ao contrário dos ouvintes que em sua maioria, compreendem a surdez como deficiência, se tornando assim, senso comum.
A HOMOSSEXUALIDADE SOBRE A PERSPECTIVA DA PSICANÁLISE, E OUTROS COMENTÁRIOS E EQUÍVOCOS DE TRADUÇÃO
Authors: Batista Vinícius De Melo , Júnior Armando Rocha
Published: January 2020

O propósito deste trabalho, se possível, mesmo que brevemente, é demonstrar a visão freudiana sobre a homossexualidade, de como Freud a sustenta a partir do conceito de Complexo de Édipo, da bissexualidade originária e de como ocorre essa escolha do objeto de desejo do sujeito, colocando-a como uma posição libidinal de escolha de objeto diferente, entretanto, tão digna quanto a heterossexualdiade.
CICLO DE VIDA ORGANIZACIONAL DAS MICRO E PEQUENAS EMPRESAS DA REGIÃO AUTÔNOMA DE JUNDIAÍ  SÃO PAULO
Authors: Conceição Marcio Magera , Sanches Maria Aparecida , Ferigato Evandro , Pacheco Conceição Joelma Telesi
Published: January 2020

Propósito da pesquisa: Este estudo buscou identificar em que estágios de Ciclo de Vida Organizacional (CVO) se encontram as Micro e Pequenas Empresas (MPEs) da Região Autônoma de Jundiaí. Problema e Objetivos: As MPEs passam por muitas fases durante sua existência  sucessos e crises -, e saber identificar em que estágio se encontram é de extrema relevância, suscitando a questão-chave desta pesquisa: Em qual estágio CVO se encontra um determinado grupo de MPEs da Região Autônoma da cidade de Jundiaí, estado de São Paulo? Abordagem metodológica: Realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva de cunho quantitativo, do tipo survey, com 59 MPEs, selecionadas por conveniência (que concordaram em responder ao questionário), com o objetivo de levantar os dados necessários para a caracterização das mesmas, determinando em que estágio evolutivo se encontra. Resultados Alcançados: Constatou-se que as organizações da região objeto deste estudo nos mostraram uma visão específica delas próprias em relação ao tema abordado, sem, contudo, associar diretamente a sua idade ao ciclo de vida em que se encontram. Outrossim, muitas estão se desenvolvendo independentemente da idade e outras ainda possuem dificuldades inclusive na definição de suas metas e objetivos. Sendo assim, obtivemos 64% das respostas inconsistentes. Implicações Práticas: À luz de uma revisão teórica, verificou-se a importância de um estudo para que as organizações se localizem quanto ao ciclo de vida em que se encontram para que possam pleitear alcançar ou manter-se em um nível de excelência. Contribuição: Esta pesquisa contribuiu de alguma forma para aprimorar as discussões e ampliou o conhecimento com base empírica sobre o CVO e, sobretudo, por meio das informações coletadas, sinalizar às MPEs objeto desta pesquisa sobre o seu posicionamento, norteando suas ações para a sua continuidade, que é de fundamental importância para a economia das cidades em que se encontram.
DISTRIBUIÇÃO DAS OPORTUNIDADES EDUCACIONAIS NA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE CAMPINAS À LUZ DO ÍNDICE DE OPORTUNIDADE DA EDUCAÇÃO BRASILEIRA (IOEB)
Authors: Oliveira Leandro Barbosa
Published: January 2020

Este artigo aborda a distribuição das oportunidades educacionais na Região Metropolitana de Campinas (RMC) sob a ótica do Índice de Oportunidades da Educação Brasileira (IOEB), indicador criado no ano de 2015. O estudo objetivou-se compreender, através da análise das variáveis relacionadas a fatores de insumos e resultados que compõem o IOEB, as principais tendências em termos de oportunidades educacionais existentes nos municípios que constituem a RMC. Os resultados obtidos permitiram apontar os seguintes aspectos: a) as oportunidades não estão diretamente relacionadas aos fatores socioeconômicos; b) os municípios de Hortolândia (SP) e Paulínia (SP) estão em um mesmo patamar de oportunidades educacionais, apesar do primeiro possuir características socioeconômicas distintas do segundo; c) os resultados estão intrínsecos à práticas de gestão que prezam pelo bom desempenho no processo socioeducativo.
TERAPIA ESPELHO NA REABILITAÇÃO MOTORA APÓS PARALISIA CEREBRAL: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Lima Eloise Oliveira
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo reunir evidências sobre a utilização da terapia espelho (TE) na reabilitação motora de pacientes com Paralisia Cerebral (PC). Método: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados Pubmed, LILACS, Science Direct, PEDro e ERIC, utilizando os seguintes descritores: mirror visual feedback, mirror therapy, cerebral palsy, rehabilitation, physical therapy specialty. Resultados: O processo de seleção dos estudos se deu em três fases: identificação, seleção e elegibilidade, resultando em um total de nove artigos para composição da amostra. Conclusões: A maior parte dos artigos selecionados indica que a TE é eficaz na reabilitação motora de indivíduos após PC, entretanto ainda são escassos os estudos para que se possa fazer grandes inferências. Ressalta-se a importância de mais estudos avaliando o impacto da TE sobre a recuperação funcional de membros superiores e inferiores de indivíduos após PC de diferentes faixas etárias.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DO HIV EM UM PEQUENO MUNICÍPIO POTIGUAR / BRASIL, ENTRE 2015 E 2018
Authors: Kramer Dany Geraldo , Silva Gislanne Stéphanne Estevam da , Oliveira Franklin Learcton Bezerra de
Published: January 2020

O acompanhamento da incidência de HIV na população se faz importante para poder se prever as taxas futuras de novas infecções pelo HIV em uma comunidade em particular. Desta forma ações e programas de prevenção e controle podem ser realizadas ou planejadas. Nesta conjuntura, o presente estudo objetivou caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico de pessoas diagnosticadas com HIV, entre os anos de 2015 e 2018, no município de Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e exploratória desenvolvida a partir de informações coletadas sobre os casos notificados e confirmados de HIV/AIDS, através do acesso aos dados do Sistema de Informações de Agravos e Notificações (SINAN) no município de Santa Cruz entre os anos de 2015 a 2018. Através do presente estudo observou que maioria dos infectados foram do masculino. Além disso informações relevantes, como escolaridade não foram notificadas. Desta forma, se faz necessário que sejam criadas estratégias por meio do serviço público que atinjam essa população no quesito prevenção e orientação aos profissionais sobre a importância dos registros adequados.
CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS: ENFOQUE NO CUIDADO DE ENFERMAGEM À FAMÍLIA
Authors: Silva Ana Paula Santana da , Souza Andressa Santos de , Santos Silva Zenaide Leopoldina Luísa Santana , Silva Maria Aparecida De Araújo , Santos Maiara Rodrigues dos
Published: January 2020

Resumo
Introdução: A assistência de pacientes em cuidados paliativos ainda encontra desafios na incorporação de práticas voltadas ao cuidado centrado na família. Objetivo: Caracterizar a literatura científica sobre cuidado de enfermagem à família de pacientes em cuidados paliativos. Método: Estudo de revisão integrativa de literatura realizado no portal da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde entre junho e setembro de 2019. O material selecionado incluiu estudos relacionados ao cuidado da família de pacientes em cuidados paliativos, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Resultados: A exploração teórica na literatura resultou em 10 publicações identificando vivências dos familiares e cuidadores de pacientes em cuidados paliativos relativas às mudanças nas rotinas diárias da família e sobrecarga física e mental. A assistência de enfermagem identifica principalmente a necessidade de estabelecer redes de apoio para as famílias de pacientes em cuidados paliativos. Conclusão: Os dados analisados integraram diversas intervenções, delineando o cuidado integral, promovendo uma abordagem física, social, psicológica e espiritual. Consolidando um alicerce para o relacionamento do profissional com os familiares por meio de uma comunicação, participação das decisões, e esclarecimentos de dúvidas.
CINÉTICA DE POLIMERIZAÇÃO DE COMPÓSITOS EXPERIMENTAIS BIOATIVOS PARA A COLAGEM ORTODÔNTICA
Authors: Rodrigues Vinícius Tadeu Pereira , Nunes Larissa Pereira , Aguiar Rogéria Christina De Oliveira , Vega Mary Carmen Treviño , Da Silva Hélio Doyle Pereira , Rodrigues Marcela Charantola , Braga Roberto Ruggiero , Roscoe Marina Guimarães
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: Investigar a influência da adição de partículas de fosfato de cálcio na cinética de polimerização e no grau de conversão (GC) de compósitos resinosos.Método: Quatro compósitos experimentais foram avaliados:G1- Apenas matriz orgânica à base de metacrilato (MM), G2- Adição de partículas de vidro de bário (2 µm) à MM,G3- Adição de partículas de fosfato dicálcico di-hidrato de (DCPD) não funcionalizadas à MM,G4- Adição de partículas de DPCD funcionalizadas com TEGDMA à MM.O conteúdo de carga inorgânica foi 20% em volume para todos os grupos. O GC foi avaliado por Espectroscopia Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier. Resultados:Houve aumento do GC para todos os grupos em função do tempo,sem diferença estatística até 5s.A partir de 11s, o grupo contendo DCPD puro apresentou GC inferior aos demais grupos (p
O USO EXCESSIVO DA INTERNET POR JOVENS E SEUS DANOS BIOPSICOSSOCIAIS: REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Barros Benvinda Pereira , Gericó Laís Carolina Dos Santos , Torres Matheus Gomes , Neves Maria Perpétua Da Silva , Magalhães Mariana Gomes , Almeida Denise Dias
Published: January 2020

INTRODUÇÃO: O uso inadequado dos aparelhos digitais pode gerar comportamentos característicos de dependência, e esta dependência pode se tornar uma porta de entrada para outros problemas na vida dos jovens. OBJETIVO: O objetivo desse estudo foi descrever os possíveis danos biopsicossociais em jovens, ocasionados pela dependência da internet. METODOLOGIA: Por meio de uma revisão de literatura nacional, utilizando as bases de dados PePSIC, LILACS e SCIELO publicados entre 2015 e 2018 com as palavras-chaves: dependência, internet e jovens. Foram excluídos os artigos que não contemplavam as questões biopsicossociais do indivíduo, os que estavam disponíveis apenas em língua estrangeira e também aqueles que adotaram a metodologia de revisão narrativa. RESULTADOS: Os principais resultados indicaram os adolescentes como o grupo mais vulnerável a dependência da internet, a dificuldade de manifestar comportamento social, a conflitos familiares e associação do uso de redes sociais com depressão e ansiedade. CONCLUSÃO: Diante da relevância do tema, observa-se a carência de pesquisas nacionais nesta área, bem como a necessidade da ação de equipe multidisciplinar na promoção de debates e reflexões sobre o uso excessivo da internet.
PERFIL SÓCIO DEMOGRÁFICO E SATISFAÇÃO COM A VIDA DE IDOSOS DO MUNICÍPIO DE GUARAÍ, TOCANTINS
Authors: Friedlander Maria Romana , Gonçalves Eliane De Fátima
Published: January 2020

Introdução: Guaraí (TO) apresenta uma porcentagem de indivíduos idosos acima da média estadual. Contudo, a literatura indica carência acentuada de estudos que descrevam as características dessa população. Objetivos: levantar os dados sociodemográficos de idosos usuários do serviço de saúde pública e verificar o grau de satisfação com a vida dessa população. Método: entrevista orientada por um formulário testado. Para a Satisfação com a vida, foi usada a Escala de Satisfação com a Vida (ESV) já publicada. Foram entrevistados 133 indivíduos. Resultados e Conclusões: a população é caracterizada pela prevalência do sexo feminino, na faixa etária de 60 a 69 anos, escolaridade até 4 anos, casados, com renda mensal até 3 salários-mínimos, pardos, moradores em casa própria com até 4 coabitantes, católicos e sem vínculo empregatício. Em relação à Satisfação com a vida, os resultados demonstraram que a população está satisfeita com sua vida, como ocorreu em outros trabalhos.
IMPLANTACAO E ADEQUACAO DA NORMA REGULAMENTADORA NR12 EM SETORES DE PRENSAS E INJETORAS DE ALUMINIO
Authors: Coccuzzo David
Published: January 2020

O presente estudo tem por finalidade a verificação e estudo da norma regulamentadora NR12 aplicada a indústria metalúrgica voltada a injeção de pecas em alumínio e suas ligas. E com isto selecionar as melhores técnicas de identificação, aplicação e redução da exposição do trabalhador aos riscos de acidentes e doenças ocupacionais.
SISTEMA CICLOVIÁRIO NA CIDADE DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Patrício Vanessa Angélica , Estender Antonio Carlos , Soares Junior Paulo Eduardo , Bastos Ricardo Pires , Juliano Marcio De Cassio
Published: January 2020

Este trabalho trata-se do sistema cicloviário da cidade de São Paulo enquanto oferta de infraestrutura oferecida à circulação da bicicleta pelas vias urbanas. Embora este meio de locomoção tenha se apresentado como alternativa para a mobilidade urbana possui características físicas que podem tornar insegura sua operação no compartilhamento do viário em determinadas circunstâncias, o que demandou uma solução viária compatível com sua operação. Apresenta os mecanismos legais que tornaram possível seu planejamento e implantação bem como a atual oferta de ciclovias, ciclofaixas, ciclorrotas, seu histórico, projeto, sinalização, operação e os motivos da opção do munícipe pelo uso da bicicleta como meio de transporte. Os planos e ações da gestão pública para a mobilidade através da bicicleta para o futuro.
ESTUDO COMPARATIVO ENTRE O XAMARIN E O CRONAPP NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE APLICATIVOS NATIVOS E HÍBRIDOS
Authors: Gomes Fabio Fonseca Barbosa , Dos Santos Tiago Silva
Published: January 2020

Este trabalho visa fazer um estudo comparativo entre Xamarin e CronApp, fazendo com que possa criar uma aplicação usando uma única linguagem de programação, C# com o Xamarin e CronApp, ferramenta hibrida possibilitando construções de aplicações, sistemas web, mobile robustos de modo rápido, dinâmico e seguro. Deve-se notar que cada plataforma tem uma linguagem de programação e uma IDE específica. Além disso, é interessante apresentar as funcionalidades da ferramenta duas ferramentas, que visam aliviar a necessidade de desenvolvimento duplicado para a criação de aplicativos e meios para criar uma aplicação nativa com o uso da ferramenta Xamarin para o desenvolvimento de aplicativos nativos e CronApp para desenvolvimentos híbridos. Nessa perspectiva, há uma tentativa de evitar o retrabalho, o que permitiu o surgimento das ferramentas. O desenvolvimento entre plataformas e, portanto, a Xamarin se destaca por ser capaz de gerar aplicativos para diferentes plataformas a partir da mesma base de código já o CronApp se destaca pelo desenvolvimento sem necessitar de saber muito sobre desenvolvimento.
MOGO: INOVAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA APLICADA A MOBILIDADE URBANA
Authors: Santos Caroline Oliveira , Gomes Fabio Fonseca Barbosa , Santana Ângela Peixoto
Published: January 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o conceito de desenvolvimento de um aplicativo, denominado MOGO. Este aplicativo é focado na utilização por parte dos mototaxistas, para transporte de passageiros e entrega de pequenos volumes. O aplicativo foi inspirado em aplicativos móveis de veículos automotivos. Como não existem aplicativos com funções semelhantes a este para smartphone, surgiu a ideia de criar um. Além disso, o aplicativo também pode ser utilizado para serviço e delivery, que já existe e está em alta no mercado brasileiro. Neste artigo será detalhado o processo de desenvolvimento e das possíveis funcionalidades existentes do aplicativo em questão, levando em consideração seu objetivo e impacto no sistema de transporte público urbano.
PCR detection of Mycobacterium genavense DNA in fecal samples of caged birds
Authors: BABACAN Orkun , BAŞ Bülent , SAREYYÜPOĞLU Barış
Published: January 2020

In this study, pathogenic mycobacteria were investigated in fecal samples of caged birds by PCR. A total of 47 feces samples collected from 4 different aviaries in Ankara. DNA extraction from fecal samples was performed with a commercial kit using spin column technology. PCR was performed with designed primers respectively amplifying 274 base pairs (bp), 128 bp, 102 bp and 219 bp nucleotide sequences of specific genes (16SrRNA, ISI245, IS901 and hypothetical 21kDa protein gene) of Mycobacterium spp., Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), Mycobacterium avium subsp. Avium and Mycobacterium genavense, respectively. Five samples were positive and harbored the sequence for the Mycobacterium spp., of 4 of these 5 samples was identified as M. genavense by PCR. As a conclusion of this study, which is the first announcement of the detection of M. genavense DNA in fecal samples of caged birds in Turkey, PCR was seen to be a rapid, sensitive, and a reliable method in detection of avian mycobacteriosis.
Corporate entrepreneurship and financial performance of PSX listed manufacturing firms. Do the alliance formation orientation and total quality management matter?
Authors: Hassan Saria Ghulam , Hafeez Muhammad Haroon , Fatima Seerat , Riaz Madiha
Published: January 2020

The prime objective of the current study is to examine the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and FP of manufacturing firms listed in PSX. In addition to that, the mediating role of alliance formation orientation and total quality management in the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and FP of manufacturing firms listed in PSX is also examined. Using random sampling, the final sample appeared as 347. To answer the research questions, we have used PLS-SEM statistical technique. The reason behind using this technique primarily that the aim of current study is to check the weather there is any mediating effect on relations. The second foremost reason of using this technique is that there is no issue if the data is normally distributed or not. Mostly reaches of social science indicates the normality issue in data. So, for such studies PLS is the more appropriate technique, because it can easily handle the abnormal data. The response rate of present study is 63.2% which is significantly high. The survey results have supported the hypothesized results. This study is among the pioneer studies on the issue and will be beneficial for researchers and policy makers. Keywords: Corporate entrepreneurship, financial performance, Alliance formation, TQM, Pakistan
Measuring the performance of small, medium and large manufacturing in Punjab: A bootstrapped Malmquist index analysis
Authors: Iqbal Asim , Naveed Rana Tahir , Albassami Ahmad Mohmad , MahsaMoshfegyan
Published: January 2020

The manufacturing sector has played a pivotal role for the development of the economies. It generates jobs, earn foreign reserves by exports and serves domestic economy as well. Given the importance of manufacturing sector, the performance measurement of this sector has been the main interest of economists, researchers and policymakers. The objective of the present study is to measure the performance of small, medium and large scale manufacturing industries. We utilized non-parametric approach to measure the performance by using survey panel data during 1995-2005. Further, for hypotheses testing, we use bootstrapping approach to test the null of insignificant change in the performance measures. We found that small and large scale manufacturing industries do not significantly change their technological frontier during the study period, while, both are highly efficient due to the better operation and management. Further, for high efficiency, the contribution of scale efficiency is larger as compare to the operation and management in case of large scale manufacturing industries. On the other hand, medium scale industries significantly shifted their technological frontier and adopted new technology or innovations, this sector is also efficient due to the better operation and management. However, the performance of all these manufacturing industries in terms of productivity change is not satisfactory. We conclude that by and large, the manufacturing industry has been endeavoring to improve its efficiency by expanding production with the help of available resources and administrative strategies. The conspicuous element is that the firms are reluctant to put resources into R&D which can shift production frontier upward. Keywords: Small, Medium and Large manufacturing, Performance, DEA, Bootstrapping, Punjab
Cerastium kochianum (Caryophyllaceae): A New Name for C. arvense var. strictum
Authors: Iamonico Duilio
Published: January 2020

Cerastium kochianum Iamonico is proposed as a replacement name for C. arvense L. var. strictum W. D. J. Koch (published in 1838) when treated as a species, since C. strictum L., which refers to another taxon (i.e., Arenaria grandiflora L.), is an earlier and validly published name. Cerastium kochianum is related to C. arvense s.l., from which it differs mainly by characters of habit, stem, and leaves and a different chromosome number.
Diagenetic impact on reservoir sandstones of the Heno Formation in the Ravn-3 well, Danish Central Graben
Authors: Pedersen Simone , Weibel Rikke , Johannessen Peter N. , Schovsbo Niels H.
Published: January 2020

Oil and gas production from siliciclastic reservoirs has hitherto been in the Danish Central Graben mostly from Palaeogene and Middle Jurassic sandstone. The Ravn field was the first Upper Jurassic field to start operation. The reservoir is composed of sandstone of the Heno Formation. Production takes place at a depth of 4000 m, which makes Ravn the deepest producing field in the Danish North Sea. The Heno Formation mainly consists of marine shoreface deposits, where foreshore, middle and lower shoreface sandstones constitute the primary reservoir. The results of this study of the diagenetic impact on the mineralogical composition, porosity and permeability are presented here. Microcrystalline quartz has preserved porosity in the sandstone, whereas illite, quartz overgrowth and carbonate cement have reduced both porosity and permeability.
Chalk-glacitectonite, an important lithology in former glaciated terrains covering chalk and limestone bedrock
Authors: Schack Pedersen Stig A. , Gravesen Peter , Hinsby Klaus
Published: January 2020

A glacitectonite is defined as a brecciated sediment or a cataclastic sedimentary rock formed by glaciotectonic deformation (Pedersen 1988). The term tectonite was initially introduced by Sander (1912), mainly for tectonically brecciated metamorphic rocks in the Alps. In the classic work on cataclastic rocks, Higgins (1971) stated that the term covered all rocks with fabric displaying coordinated geometric features related to continuous flow during deformation.Therefore brecciated lithologies formed by glaciotectonic deformations can be termed tectonites. Banham (1977) suggested the prefix glaci- to clarify the relation to glacial dynamics. Furthermore, Pedersen (1988) suggested the application of the bedrock prefix. Thus, a chalk-glacitectonite is a brecciated chalk formed by shear deformation during a glacial advance over an exposed bedrock surface of chalk (Fig. 1). Hence the term describes a sedimentary rock in which the primary structures are so disturbed that they cannot be continuously traced, and a glacitectonic fabric developed as joint fractures or shear surfaces superimposed on the lithology. The significance of recognising chalk-glacitectonite from chalk and limestone bedrock is the difference in textural properties, which is fundamental in geological modelling. In areas dominated by glaciotectonic complexes, which include thrust sheets of pre-glacial sedimentary rocks, the sheets are subject to shearing and dragged along the sole of the ice during its movement over the glaciotectonic complex. Due to truncation and shear-drag, the glacitectonite forms at the base of the deformational layer in a lodgement till. From the source area, which typically is a detachment anticline, the glacitectonite thins out in the direction of transport from 1–2 m (Fig. 2) to a thin shear zone only a few centimetres thick over a distance of one to a few kilometres (Pedersen 1996). Moreover, brecciation of thrust sheets displaced by glacial thrusting occurs within glaciotectonic complexes. The deformation ranges from initially anastomosing jointing (Figs 1, 3) to brecciation with bedrock clasts in crushed bedrock matrix (Fig. 4). The tectonic breccia distributed from the décollement zone at the base to the truncating glacial unconformity at the top may additionally be termed glacitectonites. Here we describe the occurrence and identification of chalk-tectonites.
Miocene oil-bearing diatom ooze from the North Sea
Authors: Sheldon Emma , Rasmussen Erik S. , Dybkjær Karen , Eidvin Tor , Riis Fridtjof , Weibel Rikke
Published: January 2020

In recent years there has been an increased interest in Neogene hydrocarbon accumulations in the North Sea. The production of gas from Pliocene–Quaternary deposits in the Dutch sector, the discovery of oil-bearing Miocene sands in the Lille John area and oil accumulation in middle Miocene deposits in the T-1 well in the northern part of the Danish Central Graben area, have documented Neogene hydrocarbon accumulations. Some of these deposits are of economic interest. This study presents an oil-bearing, middle Miocene diatom ooze in the Valhall Field (well 2/8-G-2), within the Norwegian sector (Fig. 1). The Valhall Field is located just north of the Danish–Norwegian sector boundary.
Initial observations of the shallow geology in Tannis Bugt, Skagerrak, Denmark
Authors: Owen Matthew J. , Witt Nicky H. , Al-Hamdani Zyad , Nørgaard-Pedersen Niels , Andresen Katrine J. , Leth Jørgen O.
Published: January 2020

During August 2017, as part of the habitat mapping of Natura2000 areas, a geophysical survey of a large area within the Skagerrak was undertaken by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland. In this article, we use the acquired data to discuss the geology of Tannis Bugt (Fig. 1), a large shallow bay at the north-west coast of Vendsyssel. The bay extends 40 km between Hirtshals in the west and Skagen in the east forming the northern-most Danish Skagerrak coast.
Base-metal and REE anomalies in lower Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks of Amundsen Land, central North Greenland: implications for Zn-Pb potential
Authors: Rosa Diogo , Slack John F. , Falck Hendrik
Published: January 2020

During the 2013 field season, siliciclastic and carbonate rocks of the lower Palaeozoic sedimentary succession of the Franklinian Basin in Amundsen Land, central North Greenland, were collected for whole-rock geochemical analysis. These data are evaluated here in an attempt to identify possible hydrothermal signatures related to sediment-hosted Zn-Pb mineralisation, similar to that found in correlative strata at the large Citronen Fjord deposit located c. 100 km to the eastnorth-east. In this paper, we use the term Sedex in a broad sense to describe stratiform, sediment-hosted deposits that formed either by syngenetic (exhalative) processes or by subsea-floor replacement coeval with sedimentation (e.g. Emsbo et al. 2016); the term Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) is used for non-stratiform Zn-Pb deposits that formed epigenetically during late diagenesis or tectonism (e.g. Leach et al. 2010).
Hyperspectral analysis of lithologies in the Arctic in areas with abundant lichen cover
Authors: Salehi Sara
Published: January 2020

Lithological mapping using remote sensing depends, in part, on the identification of rock types by their spectral characteristics. Chemical and physical properties of minerals and rocks determine their diagnostic spectral features throughout the electromagnetic spectrum. Shifts in the position and changes in the shape and depth of these features can be explained by variations in chemical composition of minerals. Detection of such variations is vital for discriminating minerals with similar chemical composition. Compared with multispectral image data, airborne or spaceborne hyperspectral imagery offers higher spectral resolution, which makes it possible to estimate the mineral composition of the rocks under study without direct contact. Arctic environments provide challenging ground for geological mapping and mineral exploration. Inaccessibility commonly complicates ground surveys, and the presence of ice, vegetation and rock-encrusting lichens hinders remote sensing surveys. This study addresses the following objectives: 1. Modelling the impact of lichen on the spectra of the rock substrate; 2. Identification of a robust lichen index for the deconvolution of lichen and rock mixtures and 3. Multiscale hyperspectral analysis of lithologies in areas with abundant lichens.
Observationally constrained reconstruction of 19th to mid-20th century sea-ice extent off eastern Greenland
Authors: Hallé Danielle A.M. , Karlsson Nanna B. , Munck Solgaard Anne , Andresen Camilla S.
Published: January 2020

Arctic sea ice has a significant impact on the global radiation budget, oceanic and atmospheric circulation and the stability of the Greenland ice sheet (Vaughan et al. 2013). Prior to the era of aircraft and satellite, information on sea-ice extent relied on observations from ships and people living at the coast. This information is a valuable contribution to better understand the history of sea ice. However, the information exists in a range of formats, e.g., sea-ice extent before the late 1800s is typically reported in the literature as an annual index from a single geographical point or as hand-drawn maps. This makes it difficult to assess and compare data across time and space. The combination of digitised historical maps and single-point data makes the information more accessible and provides a record that can help understand the dynamics and processes of the climate and its interactions with the cryosphere (Chapman & Walsh 1993). In this study, maps of sea-ice extent by Koch (1945) were digitised. We use these maps in combination with sea-ice charts from the Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI) and Koch’s sea-ice index from 1820 to 1939, to map estimated sea-ice extent between Iceland and Greenland going back to 1821. This information has not been included in even the most recent databases of Arctic sea ice (Walsh et al. 2015, 2017). Furthermore, we extract time series of sea-ice extent at a number of locations and investigate the relationship between them. Our observation area is along eastern Greenland, between the southern tip of Greenland at 59°46´N northwards to 77°21´N.
Analysis of cod otolith microchemistry by continuous line transects using LA-ICP-MS
Authors: Serre Simon Hansen , Ege Nielsen Kristian , Fink-Jensen Peter , Thomsen Tonny Bernt , Hüssy Karin
Published: January 2020

Fish otoliths, also called ear stones or statoliths, are calcified structures functioning as movement and equilibrium indicators in the inner ear of fish (Fig. 1). From hatching to death these structures grow incrementally, with new material accreted daily (Pannella 1971) in successive layers of protein (1–8%, Degens et al. 1969) and calcium carbonate. The accretion rate of otoliths varies with fish growth, and in temperate species it is usually lowest during the winter season (Hüssy et al. 2010). This results in concentric growth resembling the ringed structure in trees (Fig. 1D), enabling the use of dendrochronological techniques to approximate the age and growth history of fish. During growth, certain elements are incorporated into the otolith structure, some associated with proteins and some with the calcium carbonate component (Thomas et al. 2017), supplying a valuable record of different aspects in fish life history and serving as a potential environmental record. Previous studies show that trace element and isotopic compositions of otoliths can be used as a proxy for reconstructing water chemistry, temperature and salinity (Patterson et al. 1993; Thorrold & Shuttleworth 2000). Other studies demonstrate that elemental histories can be used to investigate fish spawning and migration patterns (e.g. Sturrock et al. 2012), and more recent studies use elements such as Zn, Cu and Mg as indicators of seasonality (Hüssy et al. 2016; Limburg et al. 2018). Combining this knowledge of elemental variation with the micro-beam capabilities of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LAICPMS) turns otolith microchemistry into a powerful tool for studying important parameters fundamental for establishing modern, sustainable fisheries management policies (e.g. stock identification, migration, pollution indicators, spawning habitats, duration of larval and juvenile stages, and magnitude and timing of spawning). We present an analytical method developed by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) in collaboration with the National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark (DTU Aqua), for element abundance analysis in otoliths. Analyses of otoliths from Baltic Cod (Gadus morhua; Fig. 1) are used as an example for its application.
Sedimentology, geochemistry and reservoir properties of Upper Jurassic deep marine sediments (Hareelv Formation) in the Blokelv-1 borehole, Jameson Land Basin, East Greenland
Authors: Bjerager Morten , Kjøller Claus , Olivarius Mette , Olsen Dan , Schovsbo Niels H.
Published: January 2020

The fully cored Blokelv-1 borehole was drilled through Upper Jurassic strata in the central part of the Jameson Land Basin, central East Greenland. The borehole reached a total depth of 233.8 m with nearly 100% recovery of high-quality core. An extensive analytical programme was undertaken on the core; sedimentological interpretation and reservoir characterisation were based on facies analysis combined with conventional core analysis, bulk geochemistry and spectral gamma and density scanning of the core. The Upper Jurassic Hareelv Formation was deposited in relatively deep water in a slope-to-basin setting where background sedimentation was dominated by suspension settling of organic-rich mud in oxygen-depleted conditions. Low- and high-density gravity-flow sandstone interbeds occur throughout the cored succession. About two-thirds of the high-density turbidite sandstones were remobilised and injected into the surrounding mud-rock. The resulting succession comprises nearly equal amounts of mudstones and sandstones in geometrically complex bodies. Ankerite cementation occurs in 37% of the analysed sandstones in varying amounts from minor to pervasive. Such ankerite-cemented sandstones can be identified by their bulk geochemistry where Ca > 2 wt%, Mg > 1 wt% and C > 1 wt%. The analysed mudstones are rich in Al, Fe, Ti and P and poor in Ca, Mg, Na and Mn. The trace-metal content shows a general increase in the upper part of the core reflecting progressive oxygen depletion at the sea floor. The reservoir properties of the Blokelv-1 sandstones were evaluated by both conventional core analysis and using log-derived porosity and permeability curves. The high-density turbidite beds and injectite bodies are a few centimetres to several metres thick and show large variations in porosity and permeability, in the range of 6–26 % for porosity and 0.05–400 mD for permeability. Individual sandstone units that are 1–7 m thick yield a net vertical reservoir thickness of 40 m with porosities of 15–26% and permeabilities of 1–200 mD. Heterolithic sandstone–mudstone units are generally characterised by poor reservoir quality with porosities of 2–14% and permeabilities of 0.1–0.6 mD.
Diagenesis of Upper Jurassic sandstones of the Blokelv-1 core in the Jameson Land Basin, East Greenland
Authors: Olivarius Mette , Weibel Rikke , Schovsbo Niels H. , Olsen Dan , Kjøller Claus
Published: January 2020

Petrographic analysis combined with X-ray diffraction are used to identify the diagenetic changes that have affected the porosity and permeability of gravity-flow sandstones of the Oxfordian–Volgian Hareelv Formation in the cored Blokelv-1 borehole in Jameson Land. Kaolinite replacement of albite grains probably occurred early after deposition and microquartz coatings formed under shallow burial. At deeper burial, illite and quartz formed from kaolinite and K-feldspar. Pervasive ankerite cement formed in the finest grained sandstones and may have formed at the expense of early calcite cement. Quartz overgrowths are volumetrically small, partly due to inhibition by microquartz coatings and partly due to limited residence time during deep burial. The succession reached the maximum burial depth of c. 2.8 km during the late Eocene. Basaltic material was intruded into the sediments during the early Eocene and the enhanced heat flow accelerated diagenesis in the close vicinity of the intrusions, which have thicknesses of up to 2 m. Most of the sandstones have porosities between 14.4 and 25.7% and permeabilities between 0.4 and 411.9 mD; this variation resulted from a combination of microquartz coatings and clay minerals. However, the intrusion-influenced sandstones and the ankerite-cemented sandstones have lower porosity and permeability.
VÉR, M. Old Uyghur Documents Concerning the Postal System of the Mongol Empire, Berliner Turfantexte XLIII, Brepols Publishers, Turnhout (Belgium), 2019, 263 pp. ISBN: 978-2-503-58417-1
Authors: UÇAR Erdem
Published: January 2020

VÉR, M. Old Uyghur Documents Concerning the Postal System of the Mongol Empire, Berliner Turfantexte XLIII, Brepols Publishers, Turnhout (Belgium), 2019.
AYDIN, E. Türklerin Bilge Atası Tonyukuk, Kronik Kitap, İstanbul, 2019, ss. 218, ISBN: 978-605-7635-29-7
Authors: POLAT Hulusi
Published: January 2020

AYDIN, E. Türklerin Bilge Atası Tonyukuk, Kronik Kitap, İstanbul, 2019.
BLAŽEK, V. Altaic Languages – History of research, survey, classification, and a sketch of comparative grammar, in collaboration with M. SCHWARZ and O. SRBA, Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2019, pp. 360, ISBN: 978-80-210-9321-8
Authors: PİİSPAANEN Peter
Published: January 2020

BLAŽEK, V. Altaic Languages – History of research, survey, classification, and a sketch of comparative grammar, in collaboration with M. SCHWARZ and O. SRBA, Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2019.
Orta Asya’nın “Bin Şehir Ülkesi”: Baktria
Authors: KAMALOVA Zebiniso
Published: January 2020

The state of Bactria, located between the
Hindu Kush Mountains and the Jihun River. The central Bactr (It is located
close to the Mezar-i Sharif border in Afghanistan) named at the ancient time as
a Bactra/Balika/Baxsi is an ancient country that includes Turkmenistan,
northern Afghanistan, southern Uzbekistan, western Tajikistan and the upper
parts of the Sir Derya River. Resources containing information about the State
of Bactria. The book of Avesta, Behistun inscriptions, works of Greek
historians and ancient Chinese annuals. The Bacterians were invaded by the
Achaemenid, later subordinated to the Kingdom of Macedonia, and after the death
of Alexander, he joined the Seleucids State (312 BC) founded by one of his
commanders, Seleucus. There are archaeological remains as well as written
resources on the state and culture of Bactria.