bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Managerial Role In Implementing The Duties And Functions Of The Regional Secretary Of Pasaman Regency
Authors: Dirga Aldio Surya
Published: June 2023

According to Law No. 23 of 2014, the duties and obligations of the regional secretary are to assist the heads in formulating policies and coordinating the implementation and administrative services of the apparatus. The managerial problems are the regent's policies outside the annual activity plan of the district, coordination between heads, and determination of the Regional Apparatus Organization (RAO) head. Therefore, this study aims to determine the managerial role in carrying out the duties and functions of the Regional Secretary in Pasaman Regency using qualitative method. It also uses purposive sampling technique for data sources with certain considerations. The primary data sources used are field observations and interviews with all elements related to the research problem. Meanwhile, the secondary data were obtained from library documents from the Pasaman Regency Government. This study divided the four basic management functions according to George R. Terry and processed analyzers and creators for Planning, facilitators and navigators for Organizing, mentors, coordinators for Actuating, and auditors and evaluators for Controlling. The results show that the problems faced by the local government can be solved by the managerial role in planning activities, managing the organization, organizing and supervising activities. The regional secretary can carry out the role of the analyzer, creator, facilitator, navigator, mentor, coordinator, auditor, and evaluator in conducting the main duties, powers, and functions.
The Effect of Work Motivation, Work Environment, and Compensation on Job Satisfaction of Patrol Boat Crew Employees
Authors: Utama Gian Putra , Elu Wilfridus B. , Prasadjaningsih Mc. Oetami
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of work motivation, work environment, and compensation on job satisfaction of the crew members at Pangkalan Sarana Operasi Bea dan Cukai Tipe B Tanjung Priok. The population in this study were Civil Servants who served as Patrol Boat Crew at Pangkalan Sarana Operasi Bea dan Cukai Tipe B Tanjung Priok with a total of 47 people. In this study, because the total population was 47, all members of the population were sampled (saturated sample). The questionnaire instrument or questionnaire serves as a data collection instrument in this study. A questionnaire with a Likert scale was used in this study to collect data. Validity and reliability testing used the Pearson product moment test and Cronbach Alpha statistics. The analytical method for answering the hypothesis uses Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with SPSS version 26. The results show that the variables of work motivation, work environment, and compensation partially have a significant positive effect on employee job satisfaction. While Employee Job Satisfaction is simultaneously significantly influenced by work motivation, work environment, and compensation.ABSTRAK

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh motivasi kerja, lingkungan kerja, dan kompensasi terhadap kepuasan kerja Awak Kapal Patroli di Pangkalan Sarana Operasi Bea dan Cukai Tipe B Tanjung Priok. Permasalahan kepuasan kerja terjadi pada Awak Kapal Patroli, Karyawan merasa sedih, lelah dan kecewa dengan bertambahnya target kerja yang diberikan tidak sesuai dengan standar jumlah karyawan dan umpan balik yang diberikan. Hal ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan kepada manajemen untuk dapat mengatasi masalah kepuasan kerja karyawan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Pegawai Negeri Sipil yang bertugas sebagai Awak Kapal Patroli di Pangkalan Sarana Operasi Bea dan Cukai Tipe B Tanjung Priok dengan jumlah 47 orang. Dalam penelitian ini, karena jumlah populasi adalah 47, maka seluruh anggota populasi dijadikan sampel (sampel jenuh). Instrumen angket atau angket berfungsi sebagai instrumen pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini. Kuesioner dengan skala Likert digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengumpulkan data. Pengujian validitas dan reliabilitas menggunakan uji product-moment Pearson dan statistik Cronbach Alpha. Metode analisis untuk menjawab hipotesis menggunakan Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) dengan SPSS versi 26. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel motivasi kerja, lingkungan kerja, dan kompensasi secara parsial berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan. Sedangkan Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan secara simultan dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh Motivasi Kerja, Lingkungan Kerja, dan Kompensasi.
Pengaruh Budaya Religius Sekolah Terhadap Akhlak Siswa Kelas XI di SMA Plus Permata Insani Islamic School Kabupaten Tangerang
Authors: Sumiyati Elis
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh yang signifikan budaya religius terhadap akhlak siswa di SMA Plus Permata Insani Islamic School Kabupaten Tangerang. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah budaya religius (X) dan akhlak siswa (Y). Penelitian dilakukan dengan menyebar kuesioner kepada 62 siswa kelas XI di SMA Plus Permata Insani Islamic School Kabupaten Tangerang sebagai responden dalam penelitian ini. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif dengan pengujian statistik yang digunakan adalah model regresi linear sederhana yang terdiri dari variabel independen yaitu budaya religius dan variabel dependen yaitu akhlak siswa. Penggunakan regresi linear sederhana digunakan untuk menguji pengaruh variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 21.0 for windows. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa budaya religius berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap akhlak siswa kelas XI di SMA Plus Permata Insani Islamic School Kabupaten Tangerang. Berdasarkan uji koefisiensi determinasi (R2) sumbangan pengaruh budaya religius terhadap akhlak siswa sebesar 18,7% sedangkan 81,3% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini.
Penerapan Metode Cooperative Script dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Qurâ€™an Hadits Kelas XI Ilmu Sosial I MAN 2 Tangerang
Authors: Lismawati Lismawati
Published: June 2023

Peneliti ini ingin membuktikan sejauh mana motivasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Qurâ€™an Hadis di kelsa XI Ilmu - Ilmu Sosial 1 MAN 2 Tangerang. Kendala yang dihadapi peneliti dalam meenerapkan metode cooperative script di kelas XI Ilmu - Ilmu Sosial 1 MAN 2 Tangerang, seberapa efektif metode yang digunakan peneliti dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa kelas XI di MANÂ  2 Tangerang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas. Menggunakan observasi, mengajar di dalam kelas dengan menggunakan beberapa siklus. Setiap siklus ada beberapa tahapan, tahapan perencanaan tindakan, tahapan kegiatan dan pelaksanaan, tahap observasiÂ  serta tahap refleksi dan analisis. Analisis datanya menggunakan rumus penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ada peningkatan setelah di terapkannya model pembelajaran koperatifÂ  tipeÂ  cooperative script pada mata pelajaran qurâ€™an hadis terhada motivasi belajar siswa kelas XI Ilmu - Ilmu Sosial 1 MAN 2Â  Tangerang sehingga hasil belajar siswa mencapai nilai sesuai dengan yang diharapkan.
Pengaruh Motivasi Orang Tua Terhadap Minat Anak Dalam Menghafal Al-Qur'an diRumah Tahfizh Nurul Qurâ€™an At-Taqwa Kota Tangerang
Authors: Zhafira Vivie Ulima
Published: June 2023

Tugas utama dari keluarga bagi pendidikan anak ialah sebagai peletak dasar bagi pendidikan akhlak dan pandangan hidup keagamaan. Sifat dan tarbiat anak sebagian besar diambil dari kedua orang tuanya dan dari anggota keluarganya yang lain. Orang tua merupakan pendidik utama dan pertama bagi anak-anak mereka, karena dari mereka anak-anak mula-mula menerima pendidikan di dalam keluarga. Adapun peran orang tua dalam meningkatkan hafalan anak di rumah antara lain mengontrol dan membimbing. Perhatian dan motivasi orang tua membantu dan mendorong anak-anak untuk dapat lebih berhasil dalam pendidikannya. Dimana Peranan orang tua dalam pendidikan anak adalah memberikan bantuan, dukungan, motivasi, dan informasi tentang bagaimana cara belajar yang baik dan tepat.Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh motivasi orang tua terhadap minat anak dalam menghafal al-Qurâ€™an di Rumah Tahfizh Nurul Qurâ€™an At-Taqwa Kota Tangerang dapat dilihat dari analisis korelasi dengan skor rhitung sebesar 0,722 terdapat korelasi yang positif dan kuat atau tinggi signifikannya antara variabel X dengan variabel Y dan dapat berlaku pada populasi dimana sampel 44 orang tua murid diambil. Kesimpulannya, bahwa hipotesis alternatif (Ha) diterima, sedangkan hipotesis nihil (Ho) ditolak atau tidak diterima karena korelasinya kuat atau tinggi. Hal ini dibuktikan dari hasil yang diperoleh dengan perhitungan koefisien determinasi (KD) sebesar 52.1%.
Peran Pendidikan Orang Tua Terhadap Perkembangan Religius Anak Di Desa Talagasari Rt 007/ Rw 003 Kecamatan Cikupa Kabupaten Tangrang
Authors: Fitriah Mayang
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the importance of the role of parental education on the religious development of children in Talagasari Village 007/003 Cikupa Tangerang. This research is a qualitative research, qualitative research is a descriptive research method, in order to analyze the research subject. The research subjects were parents, children and Koran teachers. Data collection techniques with observation, interviews and documentation. The validity of the data using the method triangulation technique. The results showed that the role of education is very important for the religious development of children. The role that parents do is to provide habits and examples in daily habits. With good habits of parental behavior, children will be easier to imitate, because parents are the closest people to children. Parents who carry out their role as educators can optimize children's religious development. Children who receive religious education from their parents have a better personality, children's attitudes and behavior become more controlled because of the advice their parents give. The conclusion of this study is the importance of the role of parents in the religious development of children in Talagasari Village Rt 007/ Rw 003 Cikupa Tangerang.
Pengaruh Penerapan Program Sekolah Adiwiyata Terhadap Perilaku Peduli Lingkungan
Authors: Amelia Kiki Rizki
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this research was to find out how the implementation influence of adiwiyata school program against the students care behaviors. This research is a quantitative research. The population in this research were all students of SMPIT Insan Madani Sindang Jaya Tangerang. Data collection techniques using observation, questionnaires, interviews and documentation. The sample in this research used a random sampling technique that every student in the population had the same opportunity to be sampled and obtained 41 samples. There are the results of this research, there was obtained from the results of the correlation coefficient rcount of 0.621> rtable 0.316 with the effect of the Implementation of the Adiwiyata School Program on Environmental Care BehaviorÂ  of 38.5%.
ANALISIS PERBEDAAN PENGUKURAN BERAT BATUBARA PADA SISTEM BELT WEIGHER DI AREA JETTY PT. MERAK ENERGI INDONESIA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE KAIZEN
Authors: Sulistyo Arif Budi Sulistyo , Sofiyulloh Fikri
Published: June 2023

Kebutuhan energi listrik merupakan hal sangat penting dalam seluruh kehidupan manusia unutuk meningkatkan hidup. Salah satu kebutuhan yang tidak dapat dipisahkan lagi dalam kehidupn manusia pada masa sekarang ini adalah kebutuhan energi listrik. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap terjadinya perbedaan pengukuran berat batubara pada belt weigher 01 dan belt weigher 02 di area jetty PT. Merak Energi Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perbedaan pengukuran berat batubara pada belt weigher 01 dan belt weigher 02 di area jetty. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisa dengan menggunakan Metode kaizen dengan Pengumpulan data, Penentuan tema, Penentuan target, analisa penyebab masalah, Analisa akar permasalahan, Rencana perbaikan, Pelaksanaan perbaikan dan Evaluasi hasil. Dari hasil penerapan kaizen untuk menurunkan terjadinya perbedaan tonase belt weigher 01 dan belt weigher 02 dengan hasil draft survey ini belum ada, dikarenakan uji coba penerapan ini dilaksanakan selama 1 tahun. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, maka dapat disimpulkan untuk perbedaan pengukuran batubara terjadi pada Belt weighter 01 yang sering kelebilahan flow rate sehingga hasil dari pembongkaran batubara dari tongkang pada coal yard berbeda dengan draft survey. Penyebab terjadinya perbedaan antara Belt Weigher 01 dan belt weigher 02 dikarenakan load cell rusak dan speed sensor macet sehingga dalam perhitungan flow rate tidak sesuai dengan pengaturan yang sudah di tentukan dengan hasil pada integrator. Dalam penanganan alat-alat Belt weigher ini menggunakan pengkalibrasian dan pengecekan berkala pada load cell dan speed sensor yang macet akibat kotor dikarenakan karyawan tidak sering di cleaning.
ANALISIS KUALITAS WEBSITE PUSAT KARIR ITN MALANG DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE WEBQUAL 4.0
Authors: Rudhistiar Deddy , Myrtanti Reiny , Suardika Ida Bagus
Published: June 2023

Penggunaan website dalam perkembangan teknologi informasi mempermudah mencari informasi secara efektif dan efisien. Hingga saat ini Website juga digunakan dalam lingkup Perguruan Tinggi atau institusi. Suatu institusi dapat menggunakan website sebagai sarana informasi dan komunikasi yang dapat diakses oleh semua orang. Begitu pula dengan Lembaga Pusat Karir ITN Malang, merupakan salah satu lembaga yang bertugas melayani alumni dan tracer study (pelacakan alumni ITN Malang). Lembaga ini menerapkan website sebagai media untuk menyebarkan informasi mengenai alumni, tracer study (umpan balik dari alumni) dan job fair, serta lowongan pekerjaan yang sesuai dengan Program Studi di ITN Malang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kualitas website Pusat Karir ITN Malang yang belum pernah dilakukan, dengan menganalisis dan mengukur nilai kualitas dari website Pusat Karir ITN Malang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode WebQual 4.0 dengan objek yang diteliti adalah website Pusat Karir ITN Malang. Jumlah responden 147 orang yang berasal dari mahasiswa, alumni, dosen dan karyawan serta masyarakat umum dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penggunaan, kualitas layanan informasi, desain website, dan kualitas layanan interaksi, serta kepuasan pengguna . Berdasarkan analisa kuesioner dengan Metode WebQual 4.0 dan Analisis IPA (Importance Performance Analysis) dengan 5 variabel yang digunakan didapatkan hasil pemetaan menjadi 4 (empat) kuadran, yaitu kuadran I, II, III, dan IV. Menurut persepsi pengguna diharapkan lembaga lebih memprioritaskan pada kuadran I yang paling berpengaruh untuk dilakukan perbaikan / penambahan / perubahan pada Dimensi Informasi, dalam memberikan informasi yang akurat, tepat waktu, dan relevan.
The coordinated management of ribosome and translation during injury and regeneration
Authors: Nguyen Thanh , Mills Jason C. , Cho Charles J.
Published: June 2023

Diverse acute and chronic injuries induce damage responses in the gastrointestinal (GI) system, and numerous cell types in the gastrointestinal tract demonstrate remarkable resilience, adaptability, and regenerative capacity in response to stress. Metaplasias, such as columnar and secretory cell metaplasia, are well-known adaptations that these cells make, the majority of which are epidemiologically associated with an elevated cancer risk. On a number of fronts, it is now being investigated how cells respond to injury at the tissue level, where diverse cell types that differ in proliferation capacity and differentiation state cooperate and compete with one another to participate in regeneration. In addition, the cascades or series of molecular responses that cells show are just beginning to be understood. Notably, the ribosome, a ribonucleoprotein complex that is essential for translation on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and in the cytoplasm, is recognized as the central organelle during this process. The highly regulated management of ribosomes as key translational machinery, and their platform, rough endoplasmic reticulum, are not only essential for maintaining differentiated cell identity, but also for achieving successful cell regeneration after injury. This review will cover in depth how ribosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, and translation are regulated and managed in response to injury (e.g., paligenosis), as well as why this is essential for the proper adaptation of a cell to stress. For this, we will first discuss how multiple gastrointestinal organs respond to stress through metaplasia. Next, we will cover how ribosomes are generated, maintained, and degraded, in addition to the factors that govern translation. Finally, we will investigate how ribosomes and translation machinery are dynamically regulated in response to injury. Our increased understanding of this overlooked cell fate decision mechanism will facilitate the discovery of novel therapeutic targets for gastrointestinal tract tumors, focusing on ribosomes and translation machinery.
Effects of prescribed burning on understory Quercus species of Pinus yunnanensis forest
Authors: Hong Ruicheng , Li Jialin , Wang Jin , Zhu Xilong , Li Xiaona , Ma Cheng , Cao Hengmao , Wang Leiguang , Wang Qiuhua
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Positioning studies on prescribed burning in Pinus yunnanensis forests have been conducted for several years, focusing on the effects of fire on the composition and structure, growth, regeneration, relative bark thickness, and bark density of understory oak species in Pinus yunnanensis forests.

Methods

The study was conducted on Zhaobi Mountain, Yi-Dai Autonomous County of Xinping, Yuxi City, Yunnan Province. In the prescribed burn after restoration of full 1 year of the area and did not implement the prescribed burn area were set up 10 m × 10 m sample plots 30 pairs of comparisons, and all the oak trees in the sample plots were recorded, each sample plot in the four apexes and the middle were set up five 2 m × 2 m small sample squares, the shrubs in the small sample squares for each plant survey, comparison, statistics and analysis of all data.

Results

The study results showed that (1) prescribed burning significantly affected the species composition of the understorey of Pinus yunnanensis forests. In both tree and shrub layers, the important values of Quercus aliena, Quercus serrata, Quercus fabri, and Quercus variabilis were significantly reduced in the burned areas. In contrast, the important values of Quercus acutissima increased somewhat. (2) The under crown height of oak trees in the burned areas was significantly lower than in the burned areas, but the height of oak trees in the burned areas was not significantly different from that in the burned areas. In the shrub layer, the height and cover of oak plants in the prescribed burning areas were significantly lower than in the unprescribed burned areas, effectively reducing the vertical continuity of the forest surface combustible material and reducing the possibility of fire converting from surface to canopy fire along the “ladder fuel.” (3) The regeneration of oak plants in the burned area is mainly by sprout tillers, and very few young sprouts are regenerated by seed germination. Renewed young sprouts are difficult to survive the prescribed burn areas the following year due to their lack of fire tolerance. (4) The relative bark thickness and density of oak plants in prescribed burn areas were significantly higher than those in unprescribed burn areas due to the fire tolerance exhibited by oak plants in long-term prescribed burns.

Discussion

Prescribed burning has profoundly altered the structural composition and growth of oak plants in the understory of Pinus yunnanensis forests, and oak plants have shown significant fire-adapted traits to resist fire under long-term fire disturbance. The study can provide a scientific basis for prescribed burning, forest fuels, and forest fire management.
Seminatural environments for rodent behavioral testing: a representative design improving animal welfare and enhancing replicability
Authors: Hernández-Arteaga Enrique , Ågmo Anders
Published: June 2023

The low replicability of scientific studies has become an important issue. One possible cause is low representativeness of the experimental design employed. Already in the 1950’s, Egon Brunswick pointed out that experimental setups ideally should be based on a random sample of stimuli from the subjects’ natural environment or at least include basic features of that environment. Only experimental designs satisfying this criterion, representative designs in Brunswikian terminology, can produce results generalizable beyond the procedure used and to situations outside the laboratory. Such external validity is crucial in preclinical drug studies, for example, and should be important for replicability in general. Popular experimental setups in rodent research on non-human animals, like the tail suspension test or the Geller-Seifter procedure, do not correspond to contexts likely to be encountered in the animals’ habitat. Consequently, results obtained in this kind of procedures can be generalized neither to other procedures nor to contexts outside the laboratory. Furthermore, many traditional procedures are incompatible with current notions of animal welfare. An approximation to the natural social and physical context can be provided in the laboratory, in the form of a seminatural environment. In addition to satisfy the basic demands for a representative design, such environments offer a far higher level of animal welfare than the typical small cages. This perspective article will briefly discuss the basic principles of the generalizability of experimental results, the virtues of representative designs and the coincidence of enhanced scientific quality and animal welfare provided by this kind of design.
Viewpoint: spinocerebellar ataxias as diseases of Purkinje cell dysfunction rather than Purkinje cell loss
Authors: Kapfhammer Josef P. , Shimobayashi Etsuko
Published: June 2023

Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a group of hereditary neurodegenerative diseases mostly affecting cerebellar Purkinje cells caused by a wide variety of different mutations. One subtype, SCA14, is caused by mutations of Protein Kinase C gamma (PKCγ), the dominant PKC isoform present in Purkinje cells. Mutations in the pathway in which PKCγ is active, i.e., in the regulation of calcium levels and calcium signaling in Purkinje cells, are the cause of several other variants of SCA. In SCA14, many of the observed mutations in the PKCγ gene were shown to increase the basal activity of PKCγ, raising the possibility that increased activity of PKCγ might be the cause of most forms of SCA14 and might also be involved in the pathogenesis of SCA in related subtypes. In this viewpoint and review article we will discuss the evidence for and against such a major role of PKCγ basal activity and will suggest a hypothesis of how PKCγ activity and the calcium signaling pathway may be involved in the pathogenesis of SCAs despite the different and sometimes opposing effects of mutations affecting these pathways. We will then widen the scope and propose a concept of SCA pathogenesis which is not primarily driven by cell death and loss of Purkinje cells but rather by dysfunction of Purkinje cells which are still present and alive in the cerebellum.
Three-dimensional analysis of perineural invasion in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma using tissue clearing
Authors: Ogasawara Hirokazu , Yoshizawa Tadashi , Oshima Kiyoko , Ogasawara Kenta , Kubota Shunsuke , Goto Shintaro , Morohashi Satoko , Wakiya Taiichi , Kimura Norihisa , Ishido Keinosuke , Kijima Hiroshi , Hakamada Kenichi
Published: June 2023

Perineural invasion (PNI) is a characteristic invasion pattern of distal cholangiocarcinoma (DCC). Conventional histopathologic examination is a challenging approach to analyze the spatial relationship between cancer and neural tissue in full-thickness bile duct specimens. Therefore, we used a tissue clearing method to examine PNI in DCC with three-dimensional (3D) structural analysis. The immunolabeling-enabled 3D imaging of solvent-cleared organs method was performed to examine 20 DCC specimens from five patients and 8 non-neoplastic bile duct specimens from two controls. The bile duct epithelium and neural tissue were labeled with CK19 and S100 antibodies, respectively. Two-dimensional hematoxylin/eosin staining revealed only PNI around thick nerve fibers in the deep layer of the bile duct, whereas PNI was not identified in the superficial layer. 3D analysis revealed that the parts of DCC closer to the mucosa exhibited more nerves than the normal bile duct. The nerve fibers were continuously branched and connected with thick nerve fibers in the deep layer of the bile duct. DCC formed a tubular structure invading from the epithelium and extending around thin nerve fibers in the superficial layer. DCC exhibited continuous infiltration around the thick nerve fibers in the deep layer. This is the first study using a tissue clearing method to examine the PNI of DCC, providing new insights into the underlying mechanisms.
Aerodynamic Optimization Framework for a Three-Dimensional Nacelle Based on Deep Manifold Learning-Assisted Geometric Multiple Dimensionality Reduction
Authors: Wang Cong , Wang Liyue , Cao Chen , Sun Gang , Huang Yufeng , Zhou Sili
Published: June 2023

As a core component of an aero-engine, the aerodynamic performance of the nacelle is essential for the overall performance of an aircraft. However, the direct design of a three-dimensional (3D) nacelle is limited by the complex design space consisting of different cross-section profiles and irregular circumferential curves. The deep manifold learning-assisted geometric multiple dimensionality reduction method combines autoencoders (AE) with strong capabilities for non-linear data dimensionality reduction and class function/shape function transformation (CST). A novel geometric dimensionality reduction method is developed to address the typical constraints of nacelle parameterization. Low-dimensional latent variables are extracted from the high-dimensional design space to achieve a parametric representation of 3D nacelle manifolds. Compared with traditional parametric methods, the proposed geometric dimensionality reduction method improves the accuracy and efficiency of geometric reconstruction and aerodynamic evaluation. A multi-objective optimization framework is proposed based on deep manifold learning to increase the efficiency of 3D nacelle design. The Pareto front curves under drag divergence constraints reveal the correlation between the geometry distribution and the surface isentropic Mach number distribution of 3D nacelles. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed geometric dimensionality reduction method for direct multi-objective optimization of 3D nacelles.
Risk Assessment of Maize Yield Losses in Gansu Province Based on Spatial Econometric Analysis
Authors: Fang Feng , Wang Jing , Lin Jingjing , Xu Yuxia , Lu Guoyang , Wang Xin , Huang Pengcheng , Huang Yuhan , Yin Fei
Published: June 2023

The frequent occurrence of meteorological disasters in China has caused huge losses to agriculture. Risk assessment serves as a bridge from disaster crisis management to disaster risk management. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a refined comprehensive risk assessment of meteorological disasters in typical areas. However, several limitations remain in the disaster loss risk research, such as too coarse resolution and too single risk indicator. Additionally, less research has examined geographical information on risk clustering and barycenter migration, as well as temporal information on the sustainability of trends. Consequently, it is significant to unearth the geographical and temporal information on disaster loss and identify the refined spatial and temporal evolution pattern of crop risk. For this reason, we evaluated the risk of corn production in Gansu Province. First, based on maize yield data, a risk evaluation index system was constructed using the characteristics of variation trends, fluctuations, and extreme values of disaster losses. Then, the spatial distribution patterns and temporal evolution characteristics of maize production risks on a county scale in Gansu Province were determined using spatial analysis and climate diagnosis technology. The results show that there is a large interdecadal fluctuation in risk. In the 1980s, 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s, the average yield reduction rates of maize in Gansu Province were −11.8%, −12.6%, −8.7%, and −8.5%, and the proportions of counties with severe yield reduction were 34.8%, 44.4%, 20.8%, and 9.7%, respectively. Second, most counties belong to medium-low or low-risk areas for maize production. High-risk counties are primarily located in eastern and southern Gansu, whereas low-risk counties are mostly found along the Hexi Corridor. Third, most risk indicators exhibit some geographical aggregation. The Jiuquan region falls within the low-low-risk aggregation zone. In contrast, the Qingyang region is a high-high aggregation zone with a gradual expansion trend. Four, each risk indicator’s geographical barycenter migrates over a complicated path, but the direction and distance vary considerably. The comprehensive risk migrates along the south-northwest-southeast trajectory, albeit at a shorter distance. Five, the proportion of counties with a medium, medium-severe, severe, and total yield reduction tended to decline. In addition, the annual precipitation is significantly or very significantly correlated with most risk indicators and the comprehensive risk level. The results can guide agricultural production processes at all levels, as well as government disaster prevention.
Mid-Infrared Sheep Segmentation in Highland Pastures Using Multi-Level Region Fusion OTSU Algorithm
Authors: Wang Mengmeng , Lv Meng , Liu Haoting , Li Qing
Published: June 2023

In highland pastures, grazing is a common method for managing sheep due to the abundance of grassland resources. However, it is easy for sheep to encounter situations such as stray, deviation and attacks from natural enemies; therefore, the remote monitoring of sheep in the highland pastures is an urgent problem to be solved. This paper proposes a mid-infrared sheep segmentation method based on the multi-level region fusion maximum between-class variance algorithm, i.e., OTSU algorithm, for sheep surveillance. First, a mean adjustment OTSU algorithm is designed to better distinguish the interference areas in the background. Second, the Butterworth high-pass filter is combined with the mean adjustment OTSU segmentation algorithm to remove the high-brightness interference areas in the background with slow gray intensity changes. Finally, after filtering out the large area background and small stray point, the two processed results above are fused with the AND logical operation to obtain a final segmentation result. Our algorithm is evaluated using three objective evaluation indicators: the root mean square error (RMSE), structural similarity index metric (SSIM), and peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR). The RMSE, SSIM, PSNR of highland wetland image are 0.43187, 0.99526, and 29.16353. The RMSE, SSIM, PSNR of sandy land image are 0.87472, 0.98388, and 23.87430. The RMSE, SSIM, PSNR of grassland image are 0.65307, 0.99437, and 30.33159. The results show that our algorithm can meet the requirements for the mid-infrared sheep segmentation in highland pastures.
Comparison of Prediction Models for Determining the Degree of Damage to Korla Fragrant Pears
Authors: Li Shiyuan , Liu Yang , Niu Xiyue , Tang Yurong , Lan Haipeng , Zeng Yong
Published: June 2023

For a fast and accurate evaluation of the values of damaged fragrant pears, a prediction method of the damage degree of Korla fragrant pears was proposed. To study variation laws of damages of fragrant pears under different volumes of squeezing deformation, the partial least squares regression (PLSR), the generalised regression neural network (GRNN) and the adaptive neural fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) were chosen to predict the damage degree of fragrant pears and establish the optimal prediction model. The results demonstrated that with the increase of ripeness or deformation value, the damage degree of fragrant pears increases gradually. For performance comparison of prediction models based on PLSR, GRNN and ANFIS, it was found that the trained PLSR, GRNN and ANFIS can all predict the damage degree of Korla fragrant pears. The ANFIS, which inputs the membership function of dsigmf (R2 = 0.9979, RMSE = 46.6) and psigmf (R2 = 0.9979, RMSE = 46.6), achieves the best performance. Research results can provide theoretical references to the evaluation of the commodity value of damaged fragrant pears, quality grading of fragrant pears and design of the picking machine.
Serological Examinations of Significant Viral Infections in Domestic Donkeys at the Special Nature Reserve “Zasavica”, Serbia
Authors: Lazić Sava , Savić Sara , Petrović Tamaš , Lazić Gospava , Žekić Marina , Drobnjak Darko , Lupulović Diana
Published: June 2023

The paper presents the findings of specific antibodies in the blood sera of donkeys against the following viruses: equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), African horse sickness virus (AHSV), equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1), equine influenza virus subtype H3N8 (EIV) and equine arteritis virus (EAV). The analyses were conducted during the year 2022. From a total of 199 donkeys bred in “Zasavica”, blood was sampled from 53 animals (2 male donkeys and 51 female donkeys), aged 3 to 10 years. Specific antibodies against EIAV were not detected in any of the tested animals using the agar-gel immunodiffusion (AGID) assay. No specific antibodies against AHSV, tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), or antibodies against EAV, tested by the virus neutralization test (VNT) and ELISA were detected in any of these animals. A positive serological result for EHV-1 was determined by the VNT in all animals, with antibody titer values ranging from 1:2 to 1:128, while a very low antibody titer value for EIV (subtype H3N8) of 1:16 was determined in 18 donkeys using the hemagglutination inhibition test (HI test).
Gas Turbine Off-Design Performance Adaption Based on Cluster Sampling
Authors: Kong Jing , Yu Wei , Chen Jinwei , Zhang Huisheng
Published: June 2023

An accurate gas turbine performance model is important for system performance evaluation. To minimize the simulated performance error, an adaption method using coefficients of scaling factors is applied to tune the component characteristic maps and make the gas turbine model meet measurements of a few randomly sampled points. However, the field data are non-homogeneously distributed. In this situation, randomly selecting a few sampling may lead to the inappropriate correction of the component characteristic maps and lower the prediction accuracy of model. Firstly, the coefficients of scaling factors are introduced to construct the performance adaption optimization problem of the gas turbine model. Secondly, the k-means clustering algorithm is applied to divide the 146 field data points into 10 different categories, and then the points closest to the cluster centers are selected to form the sampling set. Thirdly, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to search the optimal scaling factors. As a result, the model error decreases from 2.947% to 0.610%. Finally, the proposed method is validated with the remaining field data of a real E-class gas turbine. The average predicted error is 0.466%. Compared with the performance results obtained by random sample, the model based on cluster sampling shows a better accuracy.
Biosignals Monitoring of First Responders for Cognitive Load Estimation in Real-Time Operation
Authors: Gutiérrez Álvaro , Blanco Patricia , Ruiz Verónica , Chatzigeorgiou Christos , Oregui Xabier , Álvarez Marta , Navarro Sara , Feidakis Michalis , Azpiroz Izar , Izquierdo Gemma , Larraga-García Blanca , Kasnesis Panagiotis , Olaizola Igor García , Álvarez Federico
Published: June 2023

During the last decade, new technological tools have emerged to provide first responders with augmented senses in emergency and disaster situations. Some of these tools focus on providing extra information about their surroundings. However, despite augmenting first responders’ capabilities, the quantity and the way that this information is presented can affect their cognitive load. This manuscript presents an integrated framework that allows real-time biosignals monitoring to analyze physical constants and correlate them with subjective cognitive load tests. Biosignals monitoring allows alarms to be raised related to the physical status while cognitive load values will allow modulation of the amount of information that can be assimilated by the first responder in operation. In-lab and practice experimental tests have been conducted to create a fully functional framework. During the technical validation, a strong dispersion of subjective cognitive load by means of NASA-TLX questionnaires has been found between participants. Nonetheless, the developed framework allows extraction of relationships between biosignals and cognitive load, with special attention to the respiration rate and eye movements.
Development and Integration of a Workpiece-Based Calibration Method for an Optical Assistance System
Authors: Koch Julian , Büchse Christopher , Schüppstuhl Thorsten
Published: June 2023

Assistance systems utilize a broad range of technologies to provide information and guidance to workers in manufacturing. The use of light projectors, as of today, has seldom been catalogued in the relevant literature, and the implementation of such is yet to be found in production environments. However, light projectors may offer a cost effective enhancement for production processes, especially within the context of large-scale workpieces. Of the pertaining literature, only one calibration algorithm is currently considered applicable, thus acting as a framework of motivation for this paper. A novel calibration algorithm based on Newton’s method is presented and validated in conjunction with a proof-of-concept demonstration of the resulting accuracy, as well as the integration of such into an interface based on Node-RED, with MQTT as the main protocol.
Eggshell-Waste-Derived Calcium Acetate, Calcium Hydrogen Phosphate and Corresponding Eggshell Membranes
Authors: Strelec Ivica , Tomičić Klara , Zajec Marko , Ostojčić Marta , Budžaki Sandra
Published: June 2023

The development of innovative transformation techniques for various wastes generated by the agri-food industry is one of the goals of sustainable waste management oriented toward “zero-waste” approach. This includes the production of bulk and fine chemicals, bioactive compounds, enzymes and functional materials from various waste. The present research shows the possibility of the production of value-added products from eggshell waste using chemical transformation by acetic and o-phosphoric acid at a laboratory scale level. Eggshell-derived calcium acetate monohydrate and calcium hydrogen phosphate, both of high purity, as well as corresponding eggshell membranes as valuable by-products, were produced. Chemical transformation of 100 g of eggshell waste with 10% (w/v) acetic acid resulted in 111.41 ± 2.13 g of calcium acetate monohydrate and 2.90 ± 0.14 g of eggshell membranes, with a chemical yield in calcium acetate monohydrate of 79.16 ± 1.98%. On the other hand, the transformation of 100 g of eggshell waste in 15% (w/v) o-phosphoric acid yielded 77.06 ± 6.21 g of calcium hydrogen phosphate and 2.94 ± 0.08 g of eggshell membranes, with a chemical yield in calcium hydrogen phosphate of 71.36 ± 5.58%. Eggshell-derived calcium hydrogen phosphate met all prescribed criteria for food-grade additive, as determined by physicochemical analysis. On the other hand, calcium acetate monohydrate met the majority, except water insoluble and formic acid and oxidizable impurities content. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the proposed eggshell waste transformation process by two different acids might be useful for the production of calcium acetate and calcium hydrogen phosphate as food-grade additives, as well as eggshell membranes as valuable by-products.
The Aerodynamic Interaction Effects between the Rotor and Fuselage on the Drag Performance of a Civil Helicopter in Forward Flight
Authors: Shi Wenbo , Zhang Heng , Li Yuanxiang
Published: June 2023

The aerodynamic interaction between the rotor and fuselage is an important consideration in relation to the drag performance prediction of helicopters. In this paper, based on dynamic patched-grid technology coupled with a three-dimensional N–S equation solver, a numerical study of the aerodynamic interaction effects between the rotor and fuselage on the aerodynamic performance and flow field of the fuselage of a light civil helicopter is carried out under the forward flight condition. The deterioration of the drag performance and the evolution of the flow field structure caused by the rotation of the blades are illustrated. Due to the aerodynamic interaction, the drag of the fuselage is increased by 124.1% while the cycle of drag fluctuation is observed in one full revolution of the rotor with a change in amplitude of ±20%. The comparative results between the rotor-off and rotor-on cases show that the aerodynamic interaction effects between the rotor and fuselage on the drag performance are mainly reflected in the influence of the backward-developing rotor wake on the flow field of the rear part of the fuselage. An additional afterbody vortices system is induced, leading to a large reverse pressure gradient on the rear surface of the helicopter, which contributes to an increase in the pressure drag.
Gaming Tree Based Evaluation Model for Badminton Tactic Benefit Analysis and Prediction
Authors: Liu Wenming , Zhu Yifan , Guo Wenxia , Wang Xinyuan , Yu Songkun
Published: June 2023

Badminton tactics refer to the techniques and strategies employed by players to win a match. Analyzing these tactics can help players improve their performance and outsmart their opponents. To study the tactics of top players, we use a gaming tree to analyze matches between two of the most powerful badminton players in history: Lin and Lee. By employing the Nash Equilibrium, we can discover the most beneficial strategies for both players, which reflect their most powerful techniques. Additionally, with the help of this gaming tree, we can precisely predict how players will implement their tactics. Empirical experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method not only evaluates and identifies each player’s weaknesses and strengths but also has powerful capabilities to predict their tactics.
Real-Time Anomaly Detection with Subspace Periodic Clustering Approach
Authors: Mazarbhuiya Fokrul Alom , Shenify Mohamed
Published: June 2023

Finding real-time anomalies in any network system is recognized as one of the most challenging studies in the field of information security. It has so many applications, such as IoT and Stock Markets. In any IoT system, the data generated is real-time and temporal in nature. Due to the extreme exposure to the Internet and interconnectivity of the devices, such systems often face problems such as fraud, anomalies, intrusions, etc. Discovering anomalies in such a domain can be interesting. Clustering and rough set theory have been tried in many cases. Considering the time stamp associated with the data, time-dependent patterns including periodic clusters can be generated, which could be helpful for the efficient detection of anomalies by providing a more in-depth analysis of the system. Another issue related to the aforesaid data is its high dimensionality. In this paper, all the issues related to anomaly detection are addressed, and a clustering-based approach is proposed for finding real-time anomalies. The method employs rough set theory, a dynamic k-means clustering algorithm, and an interval superimposition approach for finding periodic, partially periodic, and fuzzy periodic clusters in the subspace of the dataset. The data instances are thought to be anomalous if they either belong to sparse clusters or do not belong to any clusters. The efficacy of the method can be assessed by means of both time-complexity analysis and comparative studies with existing clustering-based anomaly detection algorithms on a synthetic and a real-life dataset. It can be found experimentally that our method outperforms others and runs in cubic time.
Loads on the Knee Joint Ligaments during Stair Climbing
Authors: Frigo Carlo Albino , Grossi Maddalena , Donno Lucia
Published: June 2023

Background. Stair climbing is often performed by people in daily life and requires considerable energy and muscle effort. This task has been widely described in the literature, but the role of the knee joint ligaments has not been sufficiently investigated. This could be relevant for planning ligament reconstruction surgery, for providing suggestions to subjects with partial ligament injuries, and for identifying compensatory strategies for reducing ligament loads. Methods. A dynamic musculoskeletal model was used to analyse the relationship between ligament loads and muscle forces during stair climbing. Results. The most loaded ligaments were the posterior cruciate ligament and the deep fibres of the medial collateral ligament, particularly during the mid-swing phase, where the knee was maximally flexed and the hamstring muscles contracted. The anterior cruciate ligament was recruited during the stance phase to compensate for the anteriorly-directed force applied to the tibia by the vasti muscles; the collateral ligaments stabilized the knee joint during the swing phase. The tibiofemoral contact force, resulting from all external and internal forces applied to the knee, was in good agreement with data provided in the literature. Conclusions. This study represents a forward step in the knowledge of ligament loads during stair climbing, which could be useful for providing informed recommendations to subjects with ligament injuries.
Text Data Augmentation Techniques for Fake News Detection in the Romanian Language
Authors: Bucos Marian , Țucudean Georgiana
Published: June 2023

This paper aims to investigate the use of a Romanian data source, different classifiers, and text data augmentation techniques to implement a fake news detection system. The paper focusses on text data augmentation techniques to improve the efficiency of fake news detection tasks. This study provides two approaches for fake news detection based on content and context features found in the Factual.ro data set. For this purpose, we implemented two data augmentation techniques, Back Translation (BT) and Easy Data Augmentation (EDA), to improve the performance of the models. The results indicate that the implementation of the BT and EDA techniques successfully improved the performance of the classifiers used in our study. The results of our content-based approach show that an Extra Trees Classifier model is the most effective, whether data augmentation is used or not, as it produced the highest accuracy, precision, F1 score, and Kappa. The Random Forest Classifier with BT yielded the best results of the context-based experiment overall, with the highest accuracy, recall, F1 score, and Kappa. Furthermore, we found that BT and EDA led to an increase in the AUC scores of all models in both content-based and context-based data sets.