bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An atomic resolution description of folic acid using solid state NMR measurements
Authors: Ghosh Manasi , Gayen Shovanlal , Dey Krishna Kishor
Published: July 2020

The chemical shift anisotropy tensor and site specific spin-lattice relaxation time of folic acid were determined by a 13C 2DPASS CP-MAS NMR experiment and Torchia CP experiment respectively.
GaN nanowires as a reusable photoredox catalyst for radical coupling of carbonyl under blacklight irradiation
Authors: Liu Mingxin , Tan Lida , Rashid Roksana T. , Cen Yunen , Cheng Shaobo , Botton Gianluigi , Mi Zetian , Li Chao-Jun
Published: July 2020

A highly efficient re-usable semiconductor as a radical coupling catalyst in MeOH.
Metal–organic framework-based foams for efficient microplastics removal
Authors: Chen Yong-Jun , Chen Yifa , Miao Chang , Wang Yi-Rong , Gao Guang-Kuo , Yang Ru-Xin , Zhu Hong-Jing , Wang Jian-Hui , Li Shun-Li , Lan Ya-Qian
Published: July 2020

Zirconium metal–organic frameworks based foam materials have been successfully fabricated and applied in microplastic removal with high efficiency.
An intriguing window opened by a metallic two-dimensional Lindqvist-cobaltporphyrin organic framework as an electrochemical catalyst for the CO2reduction reaction
Authors: Wang Cong , Zhu Chang-Yan , Zhang Min , Geng Yun , Li Yang-Guang , Su Zhong-Min
Published: July 2020

2D Co–PMOF, through the integration of electron-rich reductive Lindqvist-type POMs with cobaltporphyrins, exhibits superior electrocatalytic activity for CO2reduction to CH4due to the low theoretical driven potential (0.41 V).
Robust carbon-dot-based evaporator with an enlarged evaporation area for efficient solar steam generation
Authors: Wang Zhenzhen , Tu Wenjing , Zhao Yajie , Wang Hui , Huang Hui , Liu Yang , Shao Mingwang , Yao Bowen , Kang Zhenhui
Published: July 2020

Robust carbon-dot-based evaporator with an enlarged evaporation area for efficient solar steam generation by fully capturing solar energy and environmental heat.
“Fiber-in-tube” hierarchical nanofibers based on defect-rich bimetallic oxide@C bubbles: a high-efficiency and superior performance cathode for hybrid Zn batteries
Authors: Zhou Yang , Song Yu , Zhang Sen , Deng Chao
Published: July 2020

“Fiber-in-tube” hierarchical structured nanofibers based on defective bimetallic oxide@C bubbles are a highly efficient and high-performance cathode for flexible hybrid Zn batteries.
Cognitive–Linguistic Functions in Adults With Epilepsy: Preliminary Electrophysiological and Behavioral Findings
Authors: Dutta Manaswita , Murray Laura L. , Miller Wendy , Innis Isaiah , Newman Sharlene
Published: July 2020

Purpose

Cognition and language difficulties are frequently reported in both children and adults with epilepsy. The majority of the existing research has focused on pediatric epilepsy, documenting impairments in learning, academics, and social–emotional functioning. In comparison, language deficits in younger and older adults with epilepsy have received less empirical attention. Given recently identified limitations in the extant literature regarding assessing epilepsy-related language problems in adults (
Dutta et al., 2018
), the current exploratory study described in this research note investigated the cognitive–linguistic abilities of adults with focal or generalized types of epilepsy.

Method

Twelve participants with epilepsy and 11 age- and education-matched healthy controls completed a cognitive–linguistic test battery. Event-related potential (ERP) procedures were also employed to assess the integrity of neural activity supporting psycholinguistic processing in both groups using a lexical decision task.

Results

No significant performance differences between epilepsy and healthy control groups were noted on basic language tasks; however, group differences were evident on the more complex language measures, including spoken discourse. Even though both groups performed the lexical decision task similarly in terms of accuracy, individuals with epilepsy demonstrated longer reaction times and some atypical ERP characteristics compared to controls.

Conclusion

The cognitive–linguistic assessment and ERP findings suggested that, compared to neurotypical adults, individuals with epilepsy demonstrate slower processing times and greater difficulty with high-level language and spoken discourse production, despite performing within typical limits on basic language tests. Preliminary results from this research are significant in providing new knowledge about language functioning in adults with epilepsy.
Estimation of Subglottal Pressure From Neck Surface Vibration in Patients With Voice Disorders
Authors: Marks Katherine L. , Lin Jonathan Z. , Burns James A. , Hron Tiffiny A. , Hillman Robert E. , Mehta Daryush D.
Published: July 2020

Purpose

Given the established linear relationship between neck surface vibration magnitude and mean subglottal pressure (Ps) in vocally healthy speakers, the purpose of this study was to better understand the impact of the presence of a voice disorder on this baseline relationship.

Method

Data were obtained from participants with voice disorders representing a variety of glottal conditions, including phonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction, nonphonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction, and unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Participants were asked to repeat /p/-vowel syllable strings from loud-to-soft loudness levels in multiple vowel contexts (/pa/, /pi/, /pu/) and pitch levels (comfortable, higher than comfortable, lower than comfortable). Three statistical metrics were computed to analyze the regression line between neck surface accelerometer (ACC) signal magnitude and Ps within and across pitch, vowel, and voice disorder category: coefficient of determination (r2), slope, and intercept. Three linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the impact of voice disorder category, pitch level, and vowel context on the relationship between ACC signal magnitude and Ps.

Results

The relationship between ACC signal magnitude and Ps was statistically different in patients with voice disorders than in vocally healthy controls; patients exhibited higher levels of Ps given similar values of ACC signal magnitude. Negligible effects were found for pitch condition within each voice disorder category, and negligible-to-small effects were found for vowel context. The mean of patient-specificr2values was .63, ranging from .13 to .92.

Conclusions

The baseline, linear relationship between ACC signal magnitude and Ps is affected by the presence of a voice disorder, with the relationship being participant-specific. Further work is needed to improve ACC-based prediction of Ps, across treatment, and during naturalistic speech production.
Cobalt and copper abundances in 56 Galactic bulge red giants
Authors: Ernandes H. , Barbuy B. , Friaça A. C. S. , Hill V. , Zoccali M. , Minniti D. , Renzini A. , Ortolani S.
Published: July 2020

Context. The Milky Way bulge is an important tracer of the early formation and chemical enrichment of the Galaxy. The abundances of different iron-peak elements in field bulge stars can give information on the nucleosynthesis processes that took place in the earliest supernovae. Cobalt (Z = 27) and copper (Z = 29) are particularly interesting.

Aims. We aim to identify the nucleosynthesis processes responsible for the formation of the iron-peak elements Co and Cu.

Methods. We derived abundances of the iron-peak elements cobalt and copper in 56 bulge giants, 13 of which were red clump stars. High-resolution spectra were obtained using FLAMES-UVES at the ESO Very Large Telescope by our group in 2000–2002, which appears to be the highest quality sample of optical high-resolution data on bulge red giants obtained in the literature to date. Over the years we have derived the abundances of C, N, O, Na, Al, Mg; the iron-group elements Mn and Zn; and neutron-capture elements. In the present work we derive abundances of the iron-peak elements cobalt and copper. We also compute chemodynamical evolution models to interpret the observed behaviour of these elements as a function of iron.

Results. The sample stars show mean values of [Co/Fe] ~ 0.0 at all metallicities, and [Cu/Fe] ~ 0.0 for [Fe/H] ≥−0.8 and decreasing towards lower metallicities with a behaviour of a secondary element.

Conclusions. We conclude that [Co/Fe] varies in lockstep with [Fe/H], which indicates that it should be produced in the alpha-rich freezeout mechanism in massive stars. Instead [Cu/Fe] follows the behaviour of a secondary element towards lower metallicities, indicating its production in the weak s-process nucleosynthesis in He-burning and later stages. The chemodynamical models presented here confirm the behaviour of these two elements (i.e. [Co/Fe] vs. [Fe/H] ~constant and [Cu/Fe] decreasing with decreasing metallicities).
Comparing sound emergence and sound pressure level as predictors of short-term annoyance from wind turbine noise
Authors: Dutilleux Guillaume , Fosset Jean
Published: July 2020

While most of the countries over the world rely on sound-pressure-level-based limit values to regulate wind energy development, sound emergence as defined in ISO 1996-1 is used in a few national legislations but also in international guidelines. There is however no published evidence that sound emergence is a relevant noise descriptor for that kind of source, namely that there is a correlation between this metric and perception or annoyance. A listening test was carried out to evaluate the relative merits of sound pressure level and sound emergence as predictors of annoyance from wind turbine noise. The test samples consisted of 45 30-s wind turbine sounds at three different A-weighted sound pressure levels and five different signal-to-noise ratios. Thirty two persons rated the test samples according to the ISO 15666 standard scale in a dry room equipped with loudspeakers. The results indicate that short term annoyance is better predicted by A-weighted sound pressure levels than by sound emergence. It is also observed that sound emergence is a poor predictor of the audibility of wind turbine sounds.
Applications of neutron reflectometry in biology
Authors: Gerelli Yuri
Published: July 2020

Over the last 10 years, neutron reflectometry (NR) has emerged as a powerful technique for the investigation of biologically relevant thin films. The great advantage of NR with respect to many other surface-sensitive techniques is its sub-nanometer resolution that enables structural characterizations at the molecular level. In the case of bio-relevant samples, NR is non-destructive and can be used to probe thin films at buried interfaces or enclosed in bulky sample environment equipment. Moreover, recent advances in biomolecular deutera-tion enabled new labeling strategies to highlight certain structural features and to resolve with better accuracy the location of chemically similar molecules within a thin film.

In this chapter I will describe some applications of NR to bio-relevant samples and discuss some of the data analysis approaches available for biological thin films. In particular, examples on the structural characterization of biomembranes, protein films and protein-lipid interactions will be described.
Newton’s second law analogy for the traveling wave of nuclear burning
Authors: Urbanevych Vitalii , Sharph Igor , Tarasov Viktor , Rusov Vitaliy
Published: July 2020

We consider a model of neutron-nuclear wave burning. The traveling wave of nuclear burning of the medium is initiated by an external neutron source and is the basis for the new generation reactors the so-called “traveling-wave reactors”. We develop a model of nuclear traveling wave burning, for which it is possible to draw a Newton’s second law analogy with a mechanical dissipative system. On the basis of this analogy, we find that the wave velocity has a continuous spectrum bounded below. Within the framework of the new model, we show the autowave to be possible for certain neutron energies only. Also we find that two burning modes are possible depending on the control parameters: a traveling autowave and a wave driven by an external neutron source.
X-ray diffraction analysis of electroerosive powder materials, obtained from waste of tungsten-free hard alloy grade KNT16
Authors: Serebrovsky Vladimir , Sabel’nikov Boris
Published: July 2020

This article presents a study of the phase composition of powder electroerosive materials of TFHA grade KNT16, obtained in ethyl alcohol. It was established that the main phases in the test sample are TiC, MoNi3, Ni, Mo.
The porosity study of sintered products from electro-erosive materials of alloy Cr17, obtained in lighting kerosene
Authors: Ageev E.V. , Pereverzev A.S. , Sysoev A. A.
Published: July 2020

The article presents the results of porosity study of sintered products from electro-erosive materials of alloy Cr17, obtained in lighting kerosene. It was shown that during the consolidation of electro-erosion materials from Cr 17 alloy by the method of spark plasma sintering, the porosity was 0.27%.
X-ray microanalysis of electro-erosive powder materials, obtained from tungsten-nickel-iron (TNI) alloy wastes in water
Authors: Ageev E.V. , Selyutin V.L. , Pikalov S.V.
Published: July 2020

This article presents the results of elemental composition study of the electro-erosion powders, obtained from waste alloy TNI in water. It is established that the main elements are tungsten, nickel, iron and oxygen.
Investigation of the effect of ultrasonic surface treatment before ion implantation on the structure of the surface layer of aluminum alloy 1201
Authors: Ovchinnikov Viktor , Kurbatova Irina , Uchevatkina Nadezda
Published: July 2020

The aim of this study was to study the properties of 1201 aluminum alloy after ultrasonic treatment and their evolution during subsequent ion implantation using the monotectic Cu-Pb alloy as the cathode material of the implant. It is shown that during ultrasonic treatment the surface layer of aluminum alloy 1201 undergoes significant changes. A nanocrystalline structure with a grain size of less than 200 microns is formed in it. Ultrasonic treatment of the surface of the target from alloy 1201 before implantation leads to a decrease in the depth of penetration of ions to 160–180 nm and the appearance of amorphization in the implanted layer.
Rotor apparatus performance in the production of graphene-containing suspensions
Authors: Al-Jarah Ruaa A. , Baranov Andrey , Pasko Anastasiya
Published: July 2020

A new design of the rotor apparatus and the order of the experiments are proposed, which allows you to change individual parameters and study their influence on the intensity of the process. It has been theoretically and experimentally proved that with a change in the volume of the suspension passing through the rotor apparatus per unit time, the performance on graphene structures does not change. It is necessary to increase productivity either by increasing the rotor speed, or by increasing the concentration of graphite in the initial suspension.
The study of the ferroconcrete beams with thrust on the foil bearings during short-term dynamic loading
Authors: Kumpyak Oleg , Galyautdinov Daud
Published: July 2020

While designing and maintaining ferroconcrete beam constructions subjected to a short-term dynamic loading, it is necessary to consider the emergence of the thrust reaction; this leads to a considerable increase of durability and fracture strength. It is also necessary to consider the use of foil bearings as the power-intensity increase of the researched constructions. The aim of the experimental research is to expose the reasonability of using foil bearings in thrust constructions. The paper presents the results of the experimental research of ferroconcrete beam constructions with thrust on foil bearings during short-term dynamic loading. The influence of the thrust on the durability, deformability and fracture strength of ferroconcrete constructions during short-term dynamic loading, as well as joint use of foil bearings and limitation of support contour horizontal shift are studied. The results of the research indicate the positive effect of using foil bearings in the constructions with thrust.
Effective additive for foam concrete
Authors: Belov Vladimir , Kuliaev Pavel
Published: July 2020

In search of a building material of the XXI-st century, architects, investors and builders are increasingly coming to one recently successfully approved solution - the use of foam concrete in construction, which, due to its exceptional characteristics, meets the multilateral requirements of the construction industry. The article presents the way to use technogenic wastes in the production of non-autoclave foam concrete.
Development of a technology for producing ceramic refractory material in a composition of montmorillonite clays (bentonite-like) and ferrochrome production wastes
Authors: Montayev Sarsenbek , Shakeshev Bekbulat , Zharylgapov Sabit
Published: July 2020

The article presents the results of scientific and experimental studies on the creation of ceramic refractory material. Montmorillonite clay (bentonite-like) of the Pogodaevsky deposit and ferro-dust from self-decaying slags of low-carbon ferrochrome of the Aktobe ferroalloy plant were selected as the most effective types of raw materials in terms of their physico-mechanical properties and chemico-mineralogical composition. The composition of ceramic mass in chamotte - ferro dust - binder and rational technological parameters of molding, drying and firing was developed. The basic physical and mechanical properties of the obtained ceramic samples, which have high strength, average density, low linear thermal expansion coefficient and fire shrinkage, are studied. Ceramic samples based on the proposed raw material composition can withstand temperatures up to 1350 С, which is 200-300 С higher than ceramic samples based on clay raw materials. The high strength indices and refractoriness of samples are explained by the fact that in result of heat treatment of the studied ceramic composition, a densely sintered framework with reinforced refractory minerals such as forsterite Mg2 (SiO4) and spinel (MgAl2O4) is formed. The prospects of this research area are associated with the creation of innovative technologies for the production of popular refractory materials, but also with an environmental issue. Processing of technogenic resources of Kazakhstan will not only reduce the consumption of natural resources, but also reduce the human impact on the environment.
The effect of biomineral composition on the biochemical parameters of animal blood
Authors: Montayeva Nurgul
Published: July 2020

The article presents the results of scientific and experimental studies on the creation of a biomineral composition intended for the prevention of diseases and improve animal health. The possibility of creating biomineral compositions based on wormwood of bitter and siliceous rocks - flasks of Western Kazakhstan, taking into account their chemical, mineralogical and biological properties. Based on experimental studies, the choice of siliceous rock, flasks of the West Kazakhstan region, is scientifically justified by the criterion of a high content of amorphous and finely divided silica, which gives the following advantages: - highly dispersed silica, guarantees effective sorption of mycotoxins, salts of heavy metals, chemical toxins, radionuclides, gases and other metabolic products in the animal’s body due to the huge sorbing surface. Wormwood as a biological active component enhances immunity and acts as an antifungal, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory agent. As a result of scientific and experimental work, it was found that the proposed biomineral composition has high biological activity and significant pharmacological action, which is manifested by an improvement in the morphological and biochemical parameters of the blood of cows.
Analysis of radial-shear rolling process parameters of aluminum alloys based on FEM modeling
Authors: Gamin Yury , Koshmin Alexander , Ta Dinh Xuan
Published: July 2020

This article presents the features of temperature change at different deformation-velocity parameters of radial-shear rolling process. Based on modeling the maps of temperature and strain rates distribution and zone of intensive heating are obtained. It is shown that with the elongation ratio μ≥1.5, the deformation heating increases more intensively at lower heating temperatures of the workpiece. The rods are obtained from 1050A alloy (Al99.5 %) with mechanical properties (UTS ~ 111 MPa, YS ~ 109 MPa, δ ~ 15%), reflecting the partially recrystallized structure.
Research on the Method of Multi-point Pressing Adjustment of Space Mechanism Driven by Measurement
Authors: Zhao Jinlong , Ren Chunzhen , Cui Zhizhuo , Du Fuzhou
Published: July 2020

In order to solve the problems of difficult assembly and adjustment and poor operation accessibility in the assembly process of multi-point pressure-type large-scale equipment on spacecraft, this paper presents a method of multi-point compact assembly of space mechanism driven by measurement. The method establishes the geometric constraint mathematical model of the equipment pressing mechanism, proposes the assembly coordinate system based on the mounting hole and the compensation method based on the rigid body transformation, and develops the relevant software according to the method. This method has been verified during the installation of the equipment and has achieved good results, which can be used as a reference for other digital assembly methods of aerospace equipment.
Real-time Reliability Evaluation Based on Stochastic Degradation Process and Sequential Joint Distribution Estimation
Authors: Gao Qing Zhen , Teng Li Hu , Jiang Zhuo , Zhang Hua
Published: July 2020

According to the different performance degradation paths, reliability curves and parameters of each product in service phase, the reliability and remaining life of components at current moment can be evaluated in real-time reliability assessment by integrating real-time status, historical information and service time of components. The realtime reliability evaluation is valued because it is more personalized, precise, real-time and lean than traditional methods. Furthermore, the results from real-time reliability assessment can also represent the health status of component at current time. In the current research, real-time reliability assessment mainly relies on regression analysis and time series analysis, but these two methods are mainly used to describe the component degradation process, and cannot reflect the influence of external random environment on the component state change. At the same time, due to these limitations of time, economy and test conditions, it is also worth studying how to obtain more accurate and practical reliability distribution and determine a detection interval under the condition of less data. Therefore, based on the analysis of real-time reliability evaluation principle, a more appropriate real-time reliability evaluation method and the detection interval decision model are proposed by means of random degradation process, parameter sequence test joint distribution estimation and failure risk. The result from this method is a quantized value, which is convenient for the direct application of the follow-up maintenance decision research. Therefore, the research in this paper has extensive reference value and practical application prospect.
Modeling and analysis of regenerative cooling channels for scramjet engine
Authors: Gao Feng , Zhang Qian , Xiao Hongyu , Zhang Chengtao , Xia Xuefeng
Published: July 2020

This paper presents a CFD simulation analysis method for the regenerative cooling channel of a supercombustion ramjet engine, and performs three-dimensional modeling and analysis. The influences of inlet mass flow, inlet pressure, and inlet temperature on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of kerosene in the cooling channel were analyzed, and the conclusions are as follows: The larger the inlet mass flow, the lower the maximum wall temperature and oil temperature. The change trend of wall temperature is basically the same under different inlet pressure conditions, all of which increase violently first, then stabilize and then suddenly increase suddenly, then decrease almost to the outlet, and the temperature is almost the same under different conditions.As the inlet temperature decreases, the temperature difference between the wall surface and kerosene becomes larger, and the convective heat transfer coefficient gradually increases.
An Analytical Method for Coaxial Helicopter Ground Resonance
Authors: Liu Xiangyi , Liu Shuyan , Wu Jing , Song Shansong , Hu Guocai
Published: July 2020

A time-frequency analytical method is presented to analyze physical mechanism of coaxial helicopter ground resonance. Eigenvalue calculation and numerical integration of disturbance equations of motions are used to obtain modal characters and time-domain response characters of coaxial helicopter ground resonance, and the interaction between rotors and body is revealed according to response of various DOFs. The analysis results show that regressive lag mode with upper rotor character is the most instability mode. In dynamic instability region, coaxial helicopter ground resonance is mainly due to energy transferred between periodic lag motion of upper rotor and body roll rotation. For this instability mode, energy transferred between periodic lag motion of lower rotor and body roll rotation is also existed, and it can enhance ground resonance instability of coaxial helicopter.
Impact of Navigated Task-specific fMRI on Direct Cortical Stimulation
Authors: Leote Joao , Loução Ricardo , Viegas Catarina , Lauterbach Martin , Perez-Hick António , Monteiro Joana , Nunes Rita G. , Ferreira Hugo A.
Published: July 2020

Background and Study Aims Cortical mapping (CM) with direct cortical stimulation (DCS) in awake craniotomy is used to preserve cognitive functions such as language. Nevertheless, patient collaboration during this procedure is influenced by previous neurological symptoms and growing discomfort with DCS duration. Our study aimed to evaluate the impact of navigated task-specific functional magnetic resonance imaging (nfMRI) on the practical aspects of DCS.

Material and Methods We recruited glioma patients scheduled for awake craniotomy for prior fMRI-based CM, acquired during motor and language tasks (i.e., verb generation, semantic and syntactic decision tasks). Language data was combined to generate a probabilistic map indicating brain regions activated with more than one paradigm. Presurgical neurophysiological language tests (i.e., verb generation, picture naming, and semantic tasks) were also performed. We considered for subsequent study only the patients with a minimum rate of correct responses of 50% in all tests. These patients were then randomized to perform intraoperative language CM either using the multimodal approach (mCM), using nfMRI and DCS combined, or electrical CM (eCM), with DCS alone. DCS was done while the patient performed picture naming and nonverbal semantic decision tasks. Methodological features such as DCS duration, number of stimuli, total delivered stimulus duration per task, and frequency of seizures were analyzed and compared between groups. The correspondence between positive responses obtained with DCS and nfMRI was also evaluated.

Results Twenty-one surgeries were included, thirteen of which using mCM (i.e., test group). Patients with lower presurgical neuropsychological performance (correct response rate between 50 and 80% in language tests) showed a decreased DCS duration in comparison with the control group. None of the compared methodological features showed differences between groups. Correspondence between DCS and nfMRI was 100/84% in the identification of the precentral gyrus for motor function/opercular frontal inferior gyrus for language function, respectively.

Conclusion Navigated fMRI data did not influence DCS in practice. Presurgical language disturbances limited the applicability of DCS mapping in awake surgery.
Evaluation of Low-Dose Ketamine on Inflammatory Biomarker Profile Following Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Singh Daljeet , Kashav Ramesh , Magoon Rohan , Kohli Jasvinder Kaur , Kaur Mohandeep , Gupta Aastha , Gupta Vijay
Published: July 2020

The role of ketamine in attenuating the postoperative inflammatory response is a subject of recent clinical interest. Despite several studies elucidating the anti-inflammatory potential of ketamine in on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and noncardiac surgeries, the literature on the role of ketamine in ameliorating systemic inflammatory response syndrome following off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) is rather scarce. This prospective observational study was designed to compare the postoperative inflammatory milieu with and without the addition of low dose (0.5 mg/kg) of ketamine to the anesthetic regimen in the patients undergoing OPCAB, wherein 60 patients were allocated to group T, receiving ketamine (n = 30) and the group C, not receiving ketamine (n = 30). The estimated biomarkers included C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), troponin T, and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) at the following time points: prior to induction (T0), immediate postoperative period (T1), 4 hours postoperatively (T2), 24 hours postoperatively (T3), and 48 hours postoperatively (T4). The major finding of the study was a significant reduction in the postoperative values of CRP and IL-6 at T1, T2, T3, and T4 (p < 0.001) However, postoperative serum levels of TNF-α, CK-MB, and troponin T were comparable in the group T and group C. The average postoperative CRP and IL-6 levels positively correlated with the VISh (the highest postoperative vasopressor inotrope score) with the r values of 0.733 (p < 0.001) and 0.704 (p < 0.001), respectively. The index study substantiates the anti-inflammatory potential of ketamine in preventing immune function alterations attributable to anesthesia and cardiac surgery.
Prevalence of Dental Fear and Anxiety among Russian Children of Different Ages: The Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sarapultseva Maria , Yarushina Maria , Kritsky Igor , Ibragimov Roman , Sarapultsev Alexey
Published: July 2020

Objective Children’s dental fear may lead to an avoidance of seeking dental care or disruptive behavior during treatment. The study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence and scores of dental fear and anxiety (DFA) among Russian children of different ages with an experience of dental treatment.

Materials and Methods The cross-sectional study included 371 children aged 2 to 17 years. Study participants were divided into three groups according to their age: 112 “preschool children” aged 2 to 5 years, 137 “school children” aged 6 to 11 years, and 122 “adolescents” aged 12 to 18 years. The questionnaires were distributed at reception areas of the dental clinic to parents of children aged 2 to 5 years and to the older children themselves.

Statistical Analysis Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 15.0. The parametric tests were used (one-way ANOVA, Student’s t-test, and Pearson’s correlation) because of the expected sample of more than 100 observations. The chi-square test was used for categorical variables.

Results The data have shown that 93.8% of the Russian child population visiting dental offices suffer mostly from moderate (11.85) levels of DFA. DFA was more often revealed in girls and among the youngest children aged 2 to 5 years.

Conclusions According to the obtained results, children were more afraid of “tooth drilling” and an “injection of local anesthetic” than other factors mentioned in the questionnaires. Fear of dental treatment is common among Russian children, and the factors associated with it differ with the gender and age of the child.
Enhanced light transmission of carbon nanotube film by ultrathin oxide coatings
Authors: Jiang Lijuan , Liu Peng , Liu Changhong , Fan Shoushan
Published: July 2020

We have studied the transmission of carbon nanotube film with ultrathin oxide coatings in the visible light range. It is found that the transmission is improved after coating. This is mainly due to Rayleigh scattering induced by the ultrathin oxide coatings. The improvement of the visible light transmission has important applications for a mobile phone touch screen.
Hybrid microfluidics platform for studying electrotaxis of glioblastoma
Authors: Liebendorfer Adam
Published: July 2020

Equalizing hydrostatic pressures across a microchannel provides a high-throughput approach for studying the deadly disease and highlights the importance of voltage-gated ion channels.
Calculation of core loss under distorted flux density with minor hysteresis loops for laminated steel structure
Authors: Zhao Zhigang , Hu Xinjian , Bi Zili , Xu Man , Ma Xiwen , Zhang Peng
Published: July 2020

Accurate prediction of core losses has been a crucial aspect in the field of electromagnetics for several decades. Extensive experimental results have shown that the core loss under harmonic excitation is more complicated than that under sinusoidal excitations, which means that the traditional core loss calculation methods are no longer applicable under distorted flux. In order to determine an efficient numerical approach when minor hysteresis loops occur, a harmonic magnetic test platform is used to study the effect of the variation of B–H properties on the iron loss and magnetic flux density of grain oriented silicon steel lamination under different supply voltages. A simple method, which could be used to predict the iron losses in thin laminations due to a number of non-sinusoidal waveforms with or without minor loops, for estimating the iron loss based on the loss separation method is proposed. The errors are substantially lower than those of conventional models while saving time.
Interference modulation of photoemission from biased metal cathodes driven by two lasers of the same frequency
Authors: Luo Yi , Luginsland John , Zhang Peng
Published: July 2020

We propose to use two lasers of the same frequency to achieve interference modulation of photoelectron emission. Using a quantum mechanical model, we study the time-resolved photoelectron energy spectra and emission current modulation under different laser and dc fields. We find that strong interference modulation of photoemission can be easily achieved with two lasers of the same frequency, due to, on one hand, the straightforward access to the single-frequency laser pairs in experiments and, on the other hand, the low threshold value of the ratio of the laser fields for large modulation depth even with a strong dc field. Our study demonstrates the capability of using interference modulation by single-frequency laser pairs for practical measurements of time-resolved photoelectron energy spectra.
Observation of Fano line shape in directional fluorescence emission mediated by coupled planar waveguide modes and interpretation based on Lorentz reciprocity
Authors: Kang Byungjun , Motokura Kengo , Fujii Minoru , Nesterenko Dmitry V. , Sekkat Zouheir , Hayashi Shinji
Published: July 2020

Using a reverse attenuated-total-reflection geometry, we measured angle-scan fluorescence emission spectra of all-dielectric multilayer samples containing a waveguide layer doped with fluorescent dye molecules (fluorescent waveguide layer). A sample containing only one fluorescent waveguide layer showed a highly directional emission spectrum with a Lorentzian line shape caused by the radiative decay of an excited planar waveguide mode into a traveling wave in a decoupling prism. Addition of another waveguide layer containing absorptive dye molecules was found to greatly modify the spectrum and generate a Fano line shape in the emission spectrum. The observed Lorentzian and Fano emission spectra could be well reproduced by electromagnetic calculations based on the Lorentz reciprocity theorem. Calculated results of electric field distributions indicate that the Fano line shape is generated by the suppression of local electric fields inside the fluorescent waveguide layer resulting from coupling between two waveguide modes.
Breakthrough instruments and products Hiden Analytical, pQA: A new portable mass spectrometer system for environmental applications
Authors: Lundie David , Secco Andrea
Published: July 2020

The Hiden pQA portable gas analyzer is a versatile mass spectrometer suitable for broad application ranges where analysis of dissolved species in liquid samples is required. The system’s gas analysis breakthrough features are its ability to handle small sample volumes and in environmental applications where detection of low concentration levels is required. In this article, the system’s instrumental characteristics and a few high-impact applications are described
Chip-scale sensor detects light’s orbital angular momentum
Authors: Hill Heather M.
Published: July 2020

The photocurrent in an unusual material could facilitate an increase in the information density of optical communications.
The dynamics of energy supply and demand of foaling mares managed at pasture: a deterministic modelling approach
Authors: Chin Y. Y. , Roca Fraga F. J. , Back P. J. , Gee E. K. , Rogers C. W.
Published: July 2020

Context. At pasture, the nutritional status of mares will change due to a dynamic association between their energy requirements and the energy supply. Change in the plane of nutrition can influence reproductive performance measures in the mares. To help optimise nutritional and operational management of mares on stud farms, the nutritional status of Thoroughbred broodmares and the factors influencing the energy supply and demand were investigated.
Aims. To assess nutritional status of the Thoroughbred broodmare herds under ‘normal’ New Zealand commercial stud-farm conditions.
Methods. The energy intake, energy requirement and energy balance during the last 3 months of pregnancy and the first 5 months of lactation were modelled for mares with an initial bodyweight of 450 kg, 500 kg, 550 kg and 600 kg, and foaled at 0, 15, 50, and 90 days after 1 September.
Key results. For all foaling dates and bodyweights, mares were in positive energy balance during the last 3 months of pregnancy (6.1–8.5%). Energy balance decreased as pregnancy progressed, followed by a large and acute energy deficit that was initiated soon after foaling and continued during lactation. The energy deficit during lactation varied between –8.6% and –12.4%, depending on the foaling date modelled. Mares foaling later in the season (50–90 days after 1 September) had greater and longer (30–50 days) postpartum energy deficit than did mares that foaled earlier in the season, who recovered within 20 days postpartum. The modelled changes in the energy balance would be large enough to initiate mobilisation of the fat reserve (body condition), and could, therefore, explain the observation of delayed postpartum to conception interval observed with later-foaling mares on commercial farms.
Conclusions. There is a large and prolonged energy deficit soon after foaling and throughout 150 days of lactation in Thoroughbred mares managed under New Zealand commercial grazing conditions. Foaling later in the season can cause a mismatch in energy supply and demand that would increase and prolong the energy deficit.
Implications. These findings suggest a need for stud farms to actively manage the pasture supply and monitor the mare’s BWT and BCS changes in an attempt to optimise the mare’s nutritional status and reproductive performance.
The endemic New Guinean genus Murexia (Dasyuromorphia : Dasyuridae). How many species? An analysis based on morphological, distributional and molecular data
Authors: Woolley Patricia A. , Krajewski Carey , Westerman Michael
Published: July 2020

Five species are currently recognised in the dasyurid genus Murexia, i.e. longicaudata, naso, habbema, melanurus and rothschildi. Morphological data, including spacing of premolar teeth, the footpads and aspects of external appearance, together with nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences from multiple exemplars from across the range of each species, suggest that at least three of these represent species groups rather than individual species. Some of the taxa currently synonymised in the five species may warrant reinstatement, including M. murex, M. aspera, M. maxima in the ‘M. longicaudata’ group, M. tafa in the ‘M. naso’ group and M. wilhelmina in the ‘M. melanurus’ group. Our data also suggest the presence of other, synonymised or undescribed taxa within the ‘longicaudata’, ‘naso’, ‘melanurus’ and ‘habbema’ species groups whose species boundaries require clarification by further collections and study.
Skepi Dutch Creole
Authors: Jacobs Bart , Parkvall Mikael
Published: July 2020

In this article we present newly found lexical and grammatical data pertaining to Skepi, the Dutch-lexified creole which
is now extinct but was once widespread in the Essequibo area of what is today the Republic of Guyana. The source of this new material are
the linguistic notes contained in the diary of Reverend Thomas B. Youd, a missionary in service of the Church Missionary Society, who was
active in the area from 1833 to 1842.
“But what about the beginning?”
Authors: Kelly Kimberly R. , Ocular Grace , Zamudio Jennifer , Plascencia Jesus
Published: July 2020

This mixed model study first implemented a quantitative approach to investigate the structural coherence of the narratives
that 3- to 6-year old children construct with and without their mothers. We then employed qualitative analysis to identify and categorize
strategies that mothers used to scaffold their children’s developing sequencing skill during narrative conversations. Analysis of 233
co-constructed and 209 independent past-event narratives from 65 mother-child dyads revealed that the children produced narratives with a
range of structural coherence both independently and with maternal assistance. Chronological narratives were the most common structure
produced with and without assistance, but leapfrog narratives persisted in the dyadic context. Five distinct patterns of maternal strategies
that provided chronological structure to their children’s leapfrogs emerged. We discuss the ways in which the maternal strategies identified
promote early literacy skills through scaffolding and modeling school-like literacy practices in everyday conversations.
Pragmática y simbolización
Authors: Frühbeck Moreno Carlos
Published: July 2020

Firstly, this paper aims to provide new theoretical insights in the study of literary symbolism with the support of
Relevance Theory, Lexical Pragmatics and some contributions of second-generation cognitive sciences. Specifically, it proposes that the
meaning of literary symbol consists on the tension between a “literal” meaning and a not paraphrasable abstract meaning. Furthermore,
literary symbol needs of a specific communicative context: the “symbolic reading”, whose features are defined.

In order to analyze the meaning of literary symbol a perspective close to contextualism has been taken. So, we consider
that meanings are underdeterminated and context is always needed to obtain them. The tension between the literal and the abstract meaning is
explained with the aid of Rayo´s grab bag model of language mastery and Relevance Theory accounts of metaphor comprehension.

Lastly, this framework is applied to the analysis of Juan Eduardo Cirlot’s works, with special attention to his
permutation poetry.
Preliminary Studies on Design of Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) Solar Collector for Roofing System Application.
Authors: Abdul Manap Zariq Imran , Wahab Hanani Abd , Pauline Ong , Ismail Al-Emran , Ismon Maznan , Mohamad Zaleha
Published: July 2020

This study was conducted to develop and study the performance of a Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) system technology, a system which combines the Photovoltaic (PV) system with a solar thermal (T) system that produces electricity and hot water simultaneously. The objective of this study is to develop a working prototype of the PVT system for roofing system application with water as the cooling agent. A polycrystalline PV cells was used as the solar collector while a transparent rubber tube was attached at the backside of the PV panel with water flowing directly from a water tap source. Two designs were examined for the heat absorber design which was categorized as the parallel and spiral flow design. The system was run at an open space to simulate real life application. A working PVT system was developed; however an electrical efficiency drops 0.3% and 1.07% on the parallel and spiral design respectively when compared to the standard PV system.
Multi objective optimization of Indoor UHF RFID Network Based on Gradient - Cuckoo search
Authors: Talib Nihad Hasan , Hasnan Khalid Bin , BinNawawi Azli , Elewe Adel , Abdullah Haslina Binti
Published: July 2020

Network design, in general is a critical concept due to its effect on efficiency, cost and other significant factors. In recent years, RFID is widely applied for RNP Network design. The large -area network design process requires a significant number of interrogating antennas based on the reader-tag range communication. RFID technology uses a huge number of tags communicate with a small number of the reader, from thus point of view, the challenges of large scale RNP problems include high computational cost due to the time consumption of RFID readers placement error, as a result, these challenges reduce the effectiveness of the RFID system In this study, a model of multi-objective function for RFID reader placement was conducted on various large -area condition to evaluate the impact of network design expansion. A comparative analysis was performed with (GBCS algorithm) Gradient-Based Cuckoo Search. The dataset was performed for the area of 80m x 80m and 150m x 150m. Simulation results exhibited that the performance of (GBCS) Gradient-Based Cuckoo presented a minimum number of deployed readers with maximum RFID tags coverage and was superior in solving large scale RFID-NP problems. Simulation results not only explained that the present algorithm is strong and workable but also showed excellent approximation abilities even in the high scale-area. Consequently, the authors recommend if the area bigger than (80m2), there is a need to divide the area into separate regions and deal with each region separately to be sure that the objective function can work efficiently.
Damage Initiation and Evolution Analysis of Hot Extruded Recycled Aluminium Alloys (AA6061)
Authors: Ho C. S. , Mohd Nor M. K. , Ma’at N. , Alaric Sim K. Y. , Ibrahim M. N. , Jamian S. , Lajis M. A. , Yusuf N. K.
Published: July 2020

The effects of strain rate on the mechanical behaviour of recycled hot extruded aluminium alloys (AA6061) are investigated using uniaxial tensile tests in this work. The damage characteristics such as micro-cracks and micro-voids are analysed on the microstructure of the material using Scanning Microscope Electron (SEM). It is shown that the mechanical behaviour of the recycled AA6061 is influenced by the loading speed. Besides, the damage parameters such as the micro-cracks and micro-voids in the material are evolved significantly in such materials during finite strain deformation. It can be observed that the evolution speed of the micro-cracks and micro-voids in the materials is increasing with the increase in loading speed. Much work is still required to improve the recycled AA6061 as compared to the primary resources in terms of damage parameters initiation and evolution.