bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nursing students understanding about depression and care to depressed patients
Authors: Silva José Marcos da , Gurgel Aline Do Monte , Gurgel Idê Gomes Dantas , Augusto Lia Giraldo da Silva
Published: June 2016

Para a licença de implantação de um empreendimento, exige-se o Estudo e Relatório de Impacto ambiental (EIA/RIMA). O Nordeste será sede da mais nova refinaria do Brasil. As refinarias são grandes promotoras de impactos ambientais negativos. Por isso, este artigo analisa a inserção da interrelação saúde, trabalho e ambiente no Estudo e Relatório de Impacto Ambiental da Refinaria do Nordeste (RNEST). Utilizou-se a análise narrativa de conteúdo manifesto, tomando como referência a matriz de análise de estudos de impacto ambiental. Conclui-se que o EIA/RIMA da RNEST não considerou a interrelação saúde, trabalho e ambiente. Constatou-se um mecanismo de postergação para os riscos aos trabalhadores, à comunidade e para a saúde pública. Os novos riscos e formas de adoecer e morrer nas áreas de influências resultado do modelo de desenvolvimento marcado pela injustiça ambiental não foram considerados. Os municípios não estão sendo chamados a refletir estas questões. Cabe a vigilância dos direitos fundamentais das pessoas; dos ambientes, da vida social, incorporando a preocupação com a sustentabilidade social. Importa a intersetorialidade e o fortalecimento das organizações sociais atuando sobre os riscos evitando o adoecimento, considerando pelo menos questões de ordem habitacional, cultural, ambiental, educacional, de emprego e renda e da saúde, os quais agravam as desigualdades sociais existentes.
Social movements and environmental health in Rio de Janeiro: contributions for national reflections
Authors: Stotz Eduardo , Perez Frederico
Published: June 2016

Movimentos sociais são formas de ação coletiva mais ou menos permanentes, pautadas por distintos projetos, orientações e significados, empenhados na luta pela igualdade, liberdade e democratização das relações sociais. No campo da Saúde Ambiental, é destacado o papel desses movimentos na construção de uma agenda política, cuja expressão máxima se traduz na organização da I Conferência Nacional de Saúde Ambiental, em dezembro de 2009, na cidade de Brasília. O presente manuscrito apresenta algumas contribuições para a discussão sobre as relações entre os movimentos sociais e a construção de uma agenda política para o campo da Saúde Ambiental, a partir de uma análise crítica da atuação dos principais grupos envolvidos com o campo no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Através da análise de documentos (relatórios finais, cartas de princípios, documentos síntese, etc.) produzidos em fóruns onde a atuação desses movimentos teve destaque, foi possível observar que a atuação desses movimentos sociais pautou e deu a tônica dos conflitos socioambientais no estado do Rio de Janeiro colocando, de um lado, o Poder Público e as políticas desenvolvimentistas e, de outro, a sociedade e a preocupação com a preservação de recursos naturais e da qualidade do ambiente. Seja no campo, onde se torna cada vez mais urgente a busca por outro tipo de desenvolvimento econômico, ou nas cidades, onde o crescimento desordenado, delimitado por forças motrizes de ordem estritamente econômica, gera diferentes tipos de pressão que alteram o estado do ambiente e colocam um contingente populacional cada vez maior em situação de vulnerabilidade socioambiental, a pauta dos movimentos sociais em torno das questões socioambientais é extensa, e exige uma atenção especial por parte do Poder Público.
Assessment of nutritional status and food habits of adolescents attending centers for psychosocial care for alcohol and drugs in western Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Cozer Mirian , Gouvêa Leda Aparecida Vanelli Nabuco de
Published: June 2016

This study aims to assess the nutritional status and dietary intake of users of a Psychosocial Care Center Alcohol and Drugs (AD CAPS) through field research. The sample consisted of 25 teens who are patrons of a CAPS AD in the west of Paraná. The field work was accomplished through a form and food frequency questionnaire. The analysis was done on a qualitative and quantitative perspective from the findings obtained. Of the adolescents studied, the majority are male and have 17 years of age, 76% use drugs like alcohol and tobacco and 64% used marijuana and its derivatives. In relation to nutritional status is the most eutrophic, ie, within the normal range, as the protocols used in the evaluation. In the analysis of frequency and habits, there was a good standard food diary, which contributes to the maintenance of the physical status of the subjects studied are not taken into account the biochemical profile. The ongoing implementation of studies on food consumption and nutritional assessment in the services provided by CAPS AD can serve as a strategy for improving the quality of life of adolescents.
Política de Saúde no Piauí: descentralização de recursos financeiros e resultados por estratos municipais
Authors: Barreto Jorge Otávio Maia , Nery Inez Sampaio
Published: June 2016

As políticas de saúde no Brasil se operacionalizam através do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), o qual foi concebido com escopo universal dentro do movimento denominado Reforma Sanitária e tem sua idealização estreitamente ligada à proclamação da saúde como direito de cidadania garantido pela Constituição Federal de 19881. Os princípios informativos do SUS, sobre os quais toda a sua organização deve se fundamentar, são: a integralidade, universalidade e equidade no acesso à saúde.
Apontamentos sobre as especificidades da supervisão acadêmica em área indígena no âmbito do Programa Mais Médicos para o Brasil: o caso do estado do Amazonas
Authors: Souza Maximiliano Loiola Ponte de
Published: June 2016

A proposta do texto consiste em apresentar alguns apontamentos sobre o processo de supervisão acadêmica em área indígena, no âmbito do Programa Mais Médico para o Brasil (PMMB), partindo de uma experiência de pouco mais de dois anos como tutor no contexto do estado do Amazonas, visando fornecer subsídios para discussão. Após uma breve contextualização, apresento algumas das especificidades da supervisão em área indígena que podem ser reunidos em três grupos: a) transcorrer em contexto onde antes havia importante carência de médicos; b) dá-se em área de difícil acesso; c) ocorrer em um cenário político complexo. Dentre as conclusões apresentadas destaca-se a necessidade de se estabelecer interações mais efetivas entre o Ministério da Educação e a Secretaria Especial de Saúde Indígena para enfrentarmos os desafios de supervisionar os médicos em área indígena.
La jerarquía de monedas nacionales y los problemas financieros actuales
Authors: Piqué Pilar
Published: June 2016

Este artículo desarrolla el concepto de jerarquía de monedas nacionales para contextualizar la estructura monetaria y financiera mundial y su relación con los rasgos centrales del capitalismo actual. Examina los desequilibrios permanentes de cuenta corriente, los cambios en los objetivos de los bancos centrales, los problemas del sistema financiero actual y los límites de las instituciones financieras para formular un programa de reformas estructurales.
Discriminación y diferenciales de salarios en el mercado laboral
Authors: Nieto Fabio David
Published: June 2016

Este artículo presenta un modelo de determinación de salarios que usa ecuaciones de réplica para representar las regularidades sociales que originan las preferencias de discriminación de los empleadores. La hipótesis básica es que esas preferencias están sujetas a la interacciónentre oferentes y demandantes de trabajo en un escenario de pleno empleo. El trabajo es un aporte teórico a la discusión sobre la discriminación de salarios, tema en el que predominan los estudios empíricos sobre las diferencias de salarios.
Ensinar e aprender Língua Portuguesa nos anos finais do ensino fundamental
Authors: Nóbrega Maria José
Published: June 2016

Este artigo compartilha a análise dos documentos curriculares de Língua Portuguesa de seis estados (AC, AL, MT, PR, PE, SP). Inicialmente, traça os fundamentos teóricos que sustentam os documentos curriculares, em seguida discute as implicações de assumir o texto como unidade de ensino (recorrente nos seis documentos) e o tratamento dado aos gêneros textuais, e, por fim, faz considerações a respeito das práticas de linguagem que estruturam a organização dos conteúdos: a oralidade, a de leitura, a produção de textos e a análise linguística. As reflexões são permeadas pelo diálogo com O texto na sala de aula – obra emblemática da renovação do ensino de Língua Portuguesa – e com os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (1998), que ajudam na busca de respostas para a seguinte pergunta: Quais mudanças são notáveis no ensino e aprendizagem de Língua Portuguesa nos últimos 30 anos?
Ensino de História nos anos finais do ensino fundamental: análise documental de seis estados brasileiros
Authors: Santos Silmar Leila Dos
Published: June 2016

Como se caracteriza o ensino de História para os anos finais do ensino fundamental no Brasil? Eis a questão que norteia o presente artigo. Para tanto, apresenta-se inicialmente um breve histórico sobre o ensino de História no Brasil e em seguida são apresentadas algumas das características do ensino da História obtidas por meio de análises de documentos curriculares dos estados do Acre, Alagoas, Mato Grosso, Paraná, Pernambuco e São Paulo. Este artigo apresenta parte do que foi constatado durante a realização da pesquisa “Currículos para os anos finais do ensino fundamental: concepções, modos de implantação e usos”, publicada pelo Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas em Educação, Cultura e Ação Comunitária (Cenpec, 2015) e utiliza como referencial teórico as contribuições de Bittencourt (2011).
HEGELOVA FILOZOFIJA
Authors: Okiljević Mina
Published: June 2016

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Fridrih Hajnrih Jakobi - Razgovori o Spinozi
Authors: Vlaški Stanko
Published: June 2016

(Iz sećanja Fridriha Hajnriha Jakobija na razgovore sa Lesingom
iz jula i avgusta 1780., zabeleženih u pismu Mozesu Mendelsonu
od 4. novembra 1783. godine)
METAESTETIČKI SKEPTICIZAM. PROBLEM METODE U ESTETICI SRETENA PETROVIĆA
Authors: GRUBOR NEBOJŠA
Published: June 2016

Esej istražuje problem metode u estetici savremenog srpskog filozofa Sretena Petrovića. Osnovni metodološki problem savremene estetike sastoji se u pitanju da li je estetika nauka ili filozofija? Namera eseja sastoji se u tome da pokaže kako Petrovićeva metodološka koncepcije metaestetičkog skepticizma može da se shvati kao prevazilaženje distinkcija između naučnog i filozofskog pristupa u području estetike.
POZICIJA UMETNOSTI U ŠELINGOVOJ FILOZOFIJI
Authors: RAJKOVIĆ MARICA
Published: June 2016

Namera autora tiče se eksplikacije Šelingovog pojma umetnosti, kroz ispitivanje njegovog filozofskog sistema i filozofije umetnosti – kao jedne od njegovih formi. Šeling razume pojam umetnosti kao ključni topos povezivanja prirode i slobode, objašnjavajući prirodu kao vidljivi duh, a duh kao nevidljivu prirodu. Fiozofija umetnosti predstavlja vrhunac filozofskog znanja, jer umetnost prevazilazi razliku između teorijskog i praktičkog znanja. Filozofija nije u stanju da reprezentuje prirodu po sebi, jer pokušava da do onog iracionalnog dođe racionalnim putem. Lepota, sa druge strane, predstavlja prikaz beskonačnog u konačnoj formi – i ima vlastitu svrhu u sebi samoj. Umetnost može da izrazi ono što teorija ne može – jer nije zavisna od objekta koji bi morao biti iskazan pojmovno i terminološki. Ostaje, međutim, pitanje: može li filozofija da zahvati formu duha koja prevazilazi njene vlastite misaone granice?
NIČEOV PROTIV-SISTEM
Authors: ATANASKOVIĆ LAZAR
Published: June 2016

Ovde Ničeu pristupamo preko ideje pretumačenja tradicionalnog pojma Wiederkunft kao nosećeg pojma načina mišljenja karakterističnog za ono što Niče označava kao povest zapadnog nihilizma. Na liniji tog pretumačenja Niče zadobija temelj svoje zrele filozofije u misli o večnom povratku (ewige Wiederkunft). Odatle, moguće je razumeti i Ničeovu ideju prevrednovanja, kao i ostale noseće pojmove zrele Ničeove misli, i sagledati ih u njihovoj povezanosti. Ipak, postavlja se pitanje o karakteru te povezanosti i opravdanosti tvrdnje o eventualnom filozofskom sistemu kod Ničea. Rešenje koje ovde nudimo jeste interpretacija po kojoj se kod Ničea zapravo radi o nečemu što bismo najbliže mogli odrediti kao protiv-sistem, u skladu sa karakterizacijom Ničeove misli – kroz pretumačenje Wiederkunfta – kao protiv-kretanja u odnosu na nihilističku tradiciju.
PITANJE O TEHNICI: HAJDEGEROVO PROMIŠLJANJE SAVREMENOSTI
Authors: POPOVIĆ UNA
Published: June 2016

Hajdegerovo pitanje o tehnici u ovom radu biće analizirano s obzirom na osnovne postavke njegove pozne filozofije. U okviru tog istraživanja pitanje o tehnici biće razloženo na svoje konstitutivne elemente, za koje će dalje biti pokazano da su integralni aspekti Hajdegerovog drugog početka mišljenja. Smisao postavljanja pitanja o tehnici shvata se kao jedno od odlikovanih mesta pripreme novog početka filozofije.
PREOBRAŽAJ UMETNOSTI I ULOGA TEHNIČKE REPRODUKTIVNOSTI
Authors: NOVAKOVIĆ MARKO
Published: June 2016

Predmet ovog rada je rasprava između Valtera Benjamina i Teodora V. Adorna o ulozi tehničke reproduktivnosti u propadanju tradicionalne forme autonomne umetnosti i nastanku nove, masovne. Zadatak je eksplikacija suprotstavljenih stanovišta koja su po ovim pitanjima zauzela dvojica teoretičara o vrednosti masovnih medija, fotografije i filma, kao i njihovog potencijala za promenu društvenih odnosa. To je spor između dva alternativna tumačenja modernog umetničkog iskustva. Iako je i Benjaminovo i Adornovo shvatanje dijalektičko, razlika među njima je što prvi konstruiše progresistički i oslobađajući, dok drugi zagovara kritički model interpretacije autonomne i masovne umetnosti. U Adornovoj varijanti, masovna, tehnički reprodukovana umetnost, preobražava se u reakcionarnu pojavu, kojom aparat kulturne industrije poništava slobodu individua.
BILO JEDNOM U ALEKSANDRIJI
Authors: ŠKULJEVIĆ NATAŠA
Published: June 2016

Kao da se kontinuirano „stavljanje pod tepih“ tzv. androcentričkih historija filozofija misaono-istraživalačkih postignuća filozofkinja na slučaju Hipatije iz Aleksandrije pokazalo „jasnim i razgovijetnim“, ali i brutalnim. Unatoč zbiljskim postignućima na polju astronomije (naprimjer, pored vladajućeg geocentrizma, u njeno vrijeme, ova neoplatonička filozofesa je prije Kopernika, skoro cijeli jedan milenij, uočila važnost i istinitost heliocentričnog sistema), insistiranje na filozofskoj i znanstvenoj istinitosti uvida u ono što je istraživala u turbulentna aleksandrijska vremena pokazat će se kobnim po nju. Bit će brutalno ubijena od strane Kirilovih religioznih fanatika pod vodstvom izvjesnog Petra što je bio pokušaj amortiziranja odgovornosti vladajuće kršćanske klike. Posebno zabrinjava pokušaj nekolicine historičara crkve u to vrijeme, tu se posebno misli na Sokrata Sholastika i njegovu voluminoznu „studiju“ Istorija crkve, kao i nekolice recentnih autora, odnosno autorica; primjerice, poljska istraživateljica M. Dzielska.
SOKRATOVA ETIKA
Authors: PEROVIĆ MILENKO A.
Published: June 2016

Autor tematizira filozofsko-etički problem načina i smisla nastajanja moralno-etičkog fenomena kod Sokrata. Taj problem ima najviše filozofsko značenje u razumijevanju povijesti nastanka praktičke filozofije u cjelini, kao i povijesti etike.
KANTOV NAUČNI RASIZAM
Authors: RUJEVIĆ GORAN
Published: June 2016

Ovaj rad se bavi problemom da li se u Kantovom filozofskom shvatanju ljudskih rasa mogu pronaći osnove naučnog rasizma. Naučni rasizam je postupak opravdavanja rasističkih stavova njihovim utemeljivanjem u pristrasna tumačenja naučnih otkrića. Poznato je da Kant mestimično u svojim spisima iznosi veoma oštre rasističke stavove. Međutim, analizom samih spisa u kojima se ti stavovi javljaju i poređenjem sa samim stavovima, može se zaključiti da su oni samo uljezi koji nemaju nikakve nužne povezanosti niti supstancijalnog doprinosa Kantovom učenju o ljudskim rasama. Kant jeste jedan od prvih modernih mislilaca koji su pojam rase posmatrali iz naučne perspektive, ali to ne znači da je on posezao za naučnim rasizmom, niti da njegove etičke i prirodnonaučne refleksije bivaju nepovratno oštećene njegovim povremenim rasističkim nastupima.
LOGOS I SPOZNAJA U HERAKLITOVOJ FILOZOFIJI
Authors: MILJEVIĆ ANA
Published: June 2016

Rad preispituje temeljne pojmove Heraklitove filozofije kroz komparativnu analizu fragmenata, koji svojom hijastičkom strukturom, paralelizmom delova unutar svakog fragmenta, te ritmičkom i etimološkom igrom grade paradokse. Kako se Heraklit koristi paradoksima pri izgradnji osnovnih ontoloških pojmova, nameće se pitanje da li ovako izražena logosnost bivstvovanja, ima unapred određen metod. Heraklitov prvi fragment, koga mnogi autori nazivaju još i programskim fragmentom posmatran je u radu kao takav i u metodskom smislu. Ono što analiza ovog fragmenta donosi jeste to da Heraklit koristi etimološki i analitički metod kojima se u saznajnom smislu gradi,  a  u  ontološkom  smislu  pokazuje  paradoksalnost  unutar  pojmova. U tom kontekstu rad utvrđuje povezanost pojma λόγος (logos) sa pojmom φρόνησις (razboritost) i τὸ σοφόν kroz Heraklitov izraz ἓν τὸ σοφόν (Jedno-mudro).
ODNOS IZMEĐU RELIGIJE I ETIKE U TRANSCENDENTNOJ FILOZOFIJI MULA SADRE ŠIRAZIJA
Authors: HALILOVIĆ MUAMER
Published: June 2016

Među najvažnijim pitanjima filozofije etike jeste pitanje o odnosu između etike i religije, odnosno o tome da li su religijski iskazi ujedno i moralni ili ne. Iz ovog pitanja proizlaze i brojna druga detaljnija pitanja, kao što su sledeća: da li su prvi oblici etike nastali u drevnim religijskim tradicijama? Da li su religijska predanja usklađena s moralom ili su etički iskazi i ideali proistekli iz religije? Da li je moguće da imamo nereligijsku – ili antireligijsku – etiku? Da li je moguće da imamo neetičku – ili antietičku – religiju? Na ovakva pitanja, ali i na druga slična pitanja, mnogi mislioci su dali svoje odgovore. Tako su formirana tri okvirna stava o pitanju odnosa između religije i etike: jedna grupa veruje da su religija i etika dva potpuno nepovezana sistema, druga grupa ističe da je reč o istovetnim sistemima dok treća grupa zagovara ideju da su religija i etika zapravo dva potpuno samostalna sistema koja su međusobno povezana.

U ovom radu kratko ćemo predstaviti svaki od pomenuta tri stava i u nastavku analizirati stav koji u ovoj raspravi zagovara Mula Sadra Širazi, utemeljivač transcendentne filozofije u islamu.
"MEDIUM DUHA" VERSUS "KUĆA BITKA". HEGELOV SPEKULATIVNI POJAM JEZIKA
Authors: PEROVIĆ MILENKO A.
Published: June 2016

Rasprava o Hegelovom shvatanju jezika postavljena je kroz implicitni polemički odnos prema Hajdegerovoj koncepciji jezika, analitičkoj tradiciji shvatanja jezika, kao i prema De Sosirovom lingvističkom razumijevanju jezika. Hegel na spekulativni način – posve drugačije od tradicije filozofskog mišljenja o jeziku (Haman, Herder, Kant, Humbolt i Fihte), kao i potonje povijesti razumijevanja jezika u okviru koncepcija filozofije jezika i savremene lingvistike – shvata jezik kao spekulativnu intelektualnu  strukturu.  Ontološko  porijeklo  jezika  nije  u  transcendenciji,  nego u ljudskoj imanenciji, u evoluciji produktivne uobrazilje u produktivno pamćenje. Hegelov pojam jezika autor dokučuje antropologijskim, fenomenologijskim i psihologijskim pitanjem o jeziku.
Portuguese Studium and Portuguese Scholars in the Middle Ages: Some Remarks on a Research Strand and its Databases = Studium y académicos portugueses en la Edad Media: algunas aportaciones sobre una línea de investigación y sus bases de datos
Authors: Fernandes Hermenegildo , Norte Armando , Oliveira Leitão André de
Published: June 2016

Abstract:This paper aims to present an existing research strand at the Centro de História da Universidade de Lisboa (CH-ULisboa), which is based on several resources related to digital humanities. This broader research strand has three main axes: the study of the University of Lisbon per se, the mobility of Portuguese scholars in the medieval and early modern periods, and the funding and management of the medieval Portuguese studium, which together can help generate a general picture of the history of the universityin Portugal. These three axes are based on different field of digital humanities, such as databases and GIS, which we intend to merge and make available online in the near future. Two of these databases (the Magistri Database and the Peregrinatio Database) are presented here as case studies to discuss different issues derived from the use of the prosopographical method, as well as to address several technical issues.Keywords: Portugal, University, peregrination academica, Middle Ages and Early Modern Age, digital humanities.Resumen: El presente artículo tiene como objetivo la presentación de una línea de investigación existente en el Centro de História da Universidade de Lisboa (CH-ULisboa) basada en varios recursos relacionados con las humanidades digitales. Esta línea de investigación más amplia tiene tres ejes principales: el estudio de la Universidad de Lisboa, la movilidad de los estudiantes portugueses en las épocas medieval y moderna, y la financiación y gestión del studium medieval portugués, todos entrelazados con el fin de obtener una imagen de la historia de la universidad en Portugal. Estos tres ejes se basan en diferentes campos de las humanidades digitales, tales como las bases de datos y los SIG, que tenemos la intención de fusionar y hacer disponibles en línea en un futuro próximo. Dos de estas bases de datos (Magistri y Peregrinatio) se presentan aquí como casos de estudio que permiten examinar las cuestiones derivadas de la utilización de una metodología basada en la prosopografía, así como intentar aclarar problemas técnicos relacionados con ella.Palabras clave: Portugal, Universidad, peregrinatio academica, Edades Media y Moderna, humanidades digitales.
“Cidadãos teóricos de uma nação imprecisa”: a ação política de estrangeiros no reinado de D. Miguel, 1828-1834
Authors: Gonçalves Andréa Lisly
Published: June 2016

O reinado de D. Miguel (1828-1834) colocou fim à primeira experiência liberal portuguesa e foi marcado por intensa repressão política aos seus opositores. Contra o rei absoluto formou-se uma verdadeira “internacional antimiguelista”, que incluía militantes do Brasil, da América Hispânica, da Espanha, da Itália, entre outros países. Tendo como fonte principal os processos políticos do Reinado de D. Miguel, depositados no Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo, em Lisboa, este artigo pretende esclarecer o trânsito de pessoas e de ideias, ressaltando os contrastes existentes entre os contextos americano e europeu.
A corrupção na Época Moderna — conceitos e desafios metodológicos
Authors: Romeiro Adriana
Published: June 2016

Este artigo aborda o conceito da corrupção nas sociedades da Época Moderna,indagando sobre a sua pertinência naquele contexto histórico. A partir de uma investigação sobre os significados da palavra corrupção nos textos coevos,propõe-se a refletir sobre as noções que estruturavam o imaginário do mau governo. Considerada um vício,a ambição desmedida dos governantes era objeto de condenação nos textos políticos e morais da época,sendo apontada como uma das causas da corrupção do corpo da República.
A monarquia papal (1000-1300): a fundação de um conceito
Authors: Duarte Rust Leandro
Published: June 2016

A vinculação do papado à história medieval sofreu profunda alteração após 1850. Até então habituais, as referências intelectuais sobre as características medievais do poder temporal dos papas tornaram-se genéricas e insuficientes. Um novo modelo interpretativo ganhou contornos, sobrepujando as explicações existentes. Ancorado na aplicação do método de crítica documental e reivindicando credenciais científicas, esse modelo fixou os séculos seguintes ao ano 1000 como período da institucionalização da Igreja romana, isto é, de sua transformação em uma monarquia papal. Com esse trabalho, buscamos esclarecer como se deu essa fundação historiográ- fica, analisando a importância do trabalho do erudito francês Paul Fabre e a publicação da edição moderna do Liber Censuum. Toda argumentação é orientada por uma hipótese: esse deslocamento epistemológico naturalizou certas categorias políticas oitocentistas na escrita da história medieval.
The effect of grape ripening stage on red wine color
Authors: Bautista-Ortín Ana Belén , Fernández-Fernández José Ignacio , López-Roca José María , Gómez-Plaza Encarnación
Published: June 2016

The physico-chemical and chromatic characteristics of grapes (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Monastrell) harvested at six different degree of ripeness (from August 16 to October 24, 2002) and that of the wines obtained from these grapes have been studied. The grape anthocyanins content (mg/kg of berry fresh weight) was maximum in those grapes harvested on September 11 and 16 (804.1 and 822.6 mg/kg, respectively) and decreased for grapes harvested in October. However, the results showed that the grapes with the highest anthocyanin concentration did not lead to the highest colored wines. The wines elaborated from grapes harvested on October 16 (671.9 mg of anthocyanins per kg of berry fresh weight) had the best chromatic characteristics and better withstood aging in the bottle; the extent of cell wall degradation in overly matured grapes probably facilitated the extraction of phenolic compounds from skins. However, the chromatic quality of wines made from grapes harvested one week later (October 24, the most mature grapes) was lower than that from October 16, with lower color intensity (13%lower in the wine elaborated from grapes harvested in October 24) and a percentage of yellow color 6 % higher in this wine.
Effect of vine nitrogen status on grape aromatic potential: flavor precursors (S-cysteine conjugates), glutathione and phenolic content in Vitis vinifera L. Cv Sauvignon blanc grape juice
Authors: Choné Xavier , Lavigne-Cruège Valérie , Tominaga Takatoshi , Van Leeuwen Cornelis , Castagnède Caroline , Saucier Cédric , Dubourdieu Denis
Published: June 2016

Vine nitrogen status influence on S-cysteine conjugate precursors of volatile thiols, glutathione and phenolic content of the berries of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Sauvignon blanc have been assessed. Despite an increase in berry weight, the increase in nitrogen supply in the vine leads to higher cysteine precursor levels in grape juice. We also show that a late addition of nitrogen at berry set leads to a lower level of phenolic compounds in white grapes and to higher glutathione levels. Therefore, in white varieties, and particularly Sauvignon blanc, improving the nitrogen supply of the vine clearly increases its aromatic potential. However, an excess of nitrogen supply would increase the grape sensitivity to Botrytis cinerea and therefore decrease its quality.
Influence of abscisic acid in triggering "véraison" in grape berry skins of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet-Sauvignon
Authors: Gagné Séverine , Esteve Karine , Deytieux-Belleau Christelle , Saucier Cédric , Geny Laurence
Published: June 2016

Grape berry ripening is characterised by numerous metabolic and physiological changes, placed under hormonal control. The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is considered as a possible promoter of « véraison », since it accumulates at this time. In order to evaluate its impact, we assess the effect of ABA on several parameters of maturity: anthocyanins synthesis, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, sugar contents, acidity and maturity index, both in untreated berry skin and in skin of berries submitted to applications of exogenous ABA. The maturation processes we focused on appear ABA-dependent, as they occured immediately after ABA accumulation in the skin. Treatment also shows a close relationship between ABA and the beginning of ripening. These results allow us to conclude that ABA content could modulate the triggering of « véraison ».
Evaluation of contaminant elements in Portuguese wines and original musts by high intensity focused ultrasound combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Authors: Catarino Sofía , Capelo José-Luis , Curvelo-García António Sérgio , Bruno de Sousa Raúl
Published: June 2016

Portuguese musts and wines from several varieties and different vineyards were studied to evaluate their contents in contaminant elements, in two winemaking steps. HIFU (High Intensity Focused Ultrasound) combined with ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) was the methodology used. The variation from must to wines was a function of the element and its concentration. Be, Al, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Ga, Rb, Cd, In, Ba, Tl and U concentration in wines was lower than in musts. Cu depletion achieved 99% of the initial value. For Li, Fe, Zn, Sr, Cs, Pb and Bi, white and red samples presented different trends, suggesting the importance winemaking process. The levels of Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb were lower than the acceptable maximal limits established by the International Organisation of Vine and Wine and in general could be considered relatively low values.
Differentiation between Tannat, Merlot and Cabernet-Sauvignon Uruguayan wines according their global polyphenolic composition
Authors: González-Neves Gustavo , Franco Jorge , Moutounet Michel , Carbonneau Alain
Published: June 2016

The colour and polyphenolic composition of Tannat, Cabernet-Sauvignon and Merlot red wines elaborated at a reduced scale in the south of Uruguay in 2001, 2002 and 2003 was carried out. The colour and polyphenolic composition of the wines was evaluated through different spectrophotometric indices. Tannat wines gave the highest total content of polyphenols, anthocyanins, catechins and proanthocyanidins. They also had the highest proportions of ionised anthocyanins and the most polymerised and condensed tannins, as well as the highest colour intensities, the highest proportions of red colour and the lowest yellow colour. The year of production was very important, as far as the polyphenols concentrations, values of the polyphenolic indices and colour of the wines are concerned. A Discriminant Canonical Analysis including all the indices of polyphenolic composition differentiated all the wines according to the grape variety. Tannat wines were particularly differentiated by the polyphenolic concentration, whereas Cabernet-Sauvignon and Merlot wines were differentiated specially by the characteristics of the tannins. A Discriminant Canonical Analysis confirms that the reactivity and the polymerisation of the trannins are the variables that better differentiates wines of 2001 from the rest. Wines of 2002 differentiate from the others especially due to the total polyphenolic concentration, whereas 2003 wines due to the characteristic of the tannins.
Contribution of soil electric resistivity measurements to the studies on soil/grapevine water relations
Authors: Goulet Etienne , Barbeau Gérard
Published: June 2016

The classical techniques that allow to quantify the soil water status such as the gravimetric method or the use of neutrons probes do not give access to the volume of soil explored by the plant root system. On the contrary, electric tomography can be used to have a global vision on the water exchange area between soil and plant. The measurement of soil electric resistivity, as a non destructive, spatially integrative technique, has recently been introduced into viticulture. The use of performing equipment and adapted software allows for rapid data processing and gives the possibility to spatialize the variations of soil texture or humidity in two or three dimensions. Soil electric resistivity has been tested for the last three years at the Experimental Unit on Grapevine and Vine, INRA, Angers, France, to study the water supply to the vine in different “terroir” conditions. Resistivity measurements were carried out with the resistivity meter Syscal R1+ (Iris Instruments, France) equipped with 21 electrodes. Those electrodes were lined up on the soil surface in a direction perpendiculary to 5 grapevine rows with an electrode spacing of 0.5 m. and a dipole-dipole arrangement. Resistivity measurements were performed on the same place at different times in order to study soil moisture variations. This experimental set up has permitted to visualise the soil stratification and individualize some positive electric anomalies corresponding to preferential drying ; this desiccation could be attributed to grapevine root activity. The soil bulk subject to the water up-take could be defined more precisely and in some types of soil, available water may even be quantified. Terroir effect on grapevine root activity has also been shown up on two different experimental parcels through electric tomography and first results indicate that it is possible to monitor the effects of soil management (inter-row grassing) or different rootstocks on the water supply to the vine. As soil electric resistivity depends on soil parameters (texture, structure, humidity or temperatures) that explain most of vine development and berry ripening variations, relationships between some physiological variables and electric resistivity measurements have also been tested with promising results. Geophysical techniques such as soil electric resistivity constitute a tool for scientists and recent technological developments are now facilitating the use of these equipments. The measurement of soil electric resistivity could be applied on many agronomic studies. Electric imagery could contribute to a better characterisation of the available soil water content and, as an integrative method, this one could also be used to explain interactions between soil characteristics and vine development. However, electric tomography is not to replace classical methods of water availability measurement but it has to take part to the elaboration of global indices.
Determination of the Trans-resveratrol content of Champagne wines by reversed-phase HPLC
Authors: Jeandet Philippe , Chaudruc David , Robillard Bertrand , Peters F. , Tusseau Dominique , Conreux Alexandra , Duteurtre Bruno
Published: June 2016

Levels of trans-resveratrol in Champagne wines were determined by the use of reversed-phase HPLC with UV and fluorometric detection after liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. Resveratrol concentrations in Champagne wines range from 20 to 77 μg/L except for the Champagne rosé in which resveratrol reaches several hundred micrograms per litre. The resveratrol content of Champagne wines was also shown to decrease with aging on lees.
Effects of rootstock and irrigation regime on hydraulic architecture of Vitis vinifera L. Cv. Tempranillo
Authors: De Herralde Felicidad , Del Mar Alsina Maria , Aranda Xavier , Savé Robert , Biel Carmen
Published: June 2016

Rootstock hydraulic properties are probably the keys to drought or waterlogging resistance. This work evaluates the effects of two rootstocks (110R, SO4) and two irrigation levels (ET0, 0,5 ·ET0) on the hydraulic architecture of Tempranillo. The experiment was carried out on potted plants near Barcelona (Spain). Hydraulic resistance in trunks was measured by low pressure method and using a High Pressure Flow Meter (HPFM). The trunks of Tempranillo grafted onto 110R showed a lower resistance than the ones grafted onto SO4. The grafting point showed a higher resistance than the cultivar segment and the rootstock segment. HPFM results were more consistent than low-pressure measurements.
Regulating yield and wine quality of minimal prunning systems through the application of gibberellic acid
Authors: Weyand Karsten M. , Schultz Hans Reiner
Published: June 2016

The use of gibberellic acid to increase berry size and to loosen up bunches in the production of seedless table grape varieties has a long history. The use of gibberellic acid on wine grapes, however, is very limited, mainly because some varieties can show substantial losses in bud fertility and thus in commercial yield. We tried to exploit the feature of decreases in bud fertility as a response to gibberellic acid applications (in the form of GA3) to regulate yield and quality aspects of minimally pruned (MP) White Riesling grapevines where other thinning methods have failed. Single applications of 50 mg L-1 GA3 at 500 L ha-1 were used during full bloom in each year from 2002-2004 (MP GA3-02/03/04) in one MP treatment, while the second MP treatment received no GA3 in 2003 (MP GA3-02/04). Treatments were compared with untreated MP vines and with a standard pruned, vertically shoot positioned system (VSP). GA3 applications reduced inflorescence number by about 30-50% the year following treatment, while shoot number remained unchanged. GA3 treated MP vines responded to this type of « thinning » by a 10-28 % increase in berry weight. Total yield of MP vines was reduced by 26-49% the year after first time application approaching VSP yield. Yield of the continuously treated vines (MP GA3-02/03/04) remained comparable to pruned VSP vines up to now (harvest 2005) (about 9-13 tons per ha). Discontinuing the GA3 treatment for one year caused yield to re-approach the one of untreated MP vines the next year. Despite of the increase in berry weight, bunch structure remained less compact as compared to VSP fruit. Sugar levels at harvest of vines treated with GA3 the previous year were similar to sugar levels of VSP vines and superior to untreated MP vines. We found no treatment effect on glycosyl-glucose (bound secondary metabolites, GG) concentration but a slight increase in phenols and titratable acidity the year after GA3 treatment. Sensory evaluation of the resulting wines revealed no or only minimal differences with a slight preference for the least yielding VSP and MP GA3-02/03/04 wines. The outlined strategy seems promising for the production of quality fruit in a highly economic viticultural system.
Variations of abscisic acid contents in various organs of grapevine infected by the eutypa dieback fungus, Eutypa Lata
Authors: Koussa Tayeb , Rifai Lalla Aicha , Dubos Bernadette , Broquedis Michel
Published: June 2016

In grapevine, eutypa dieback is a disease induced by ascomyceta fungus, Eutypa lata. At present, eutypa dieback is considered as the most serious deterioration disease of grapevine. The external symptoms of this disease are most conspicuous during the first months of the annual growth cycle and include dwarfed shoots with smaller and necrotic leaves and unfavourable development of grapes. All these symptoms were still suggested an hormonal perturbation in grapevine organs. The aim of this work was to determine the effects of eutypa dieback on abscisic acid contents in flower buds, flowers, young berries, leaves and internodes of grapevine. This study was also performed to determine the relationship between this growth regulator and disease development. The study was performed using organs (1) from healthy vines, (2) healthy appearing organs from vines with one symptomless arm and one diseased arm, and (3) moderately and (4) strongly diseased organs. From flowers buds separated to bunch of grapes closed stages, free abscisic acid (ABA) and the glucose esters of this acid (ABA-GE) were analysed in Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon which is sensitive to E. lata. In the healthy appearing organs, growth and development as well as water and ABA contents were not changed by eutypa dieback fungi. Whereas eutypa dieback induced a decrease of water content and the rate of growth increase in diseased organs. During all the period studied in leaves and since fruit set stage in the internodes, the ABA and ABA-GE contents were increased by eutypa dieback proportionally to symptoms. The ABA levels increase in leaves and internodes were not seem to be produced by ABA-GE hydrolysis since increase in ABA-GE levels were also observed in response to eutypa dieback. The maximum of ABA characterising grapevine flowers was delayed by eutypa dieback and their level was reduced with increasing symptoms severity. In flower buds, flowers and young berries, this disease induced a decrease of ABA-GE contents during all period studied proportionally to symptoms severity. The mycelium of two E. lata isolates cultured in Errikson and Petersson medium culture can synthesize ABA. A part of this growth regulator was diffused in medium culture. It was suggested that increase of ABA levels in diseased organs must have many origins: perturbation of (1) ABA-GE translation, (2) synthesis of ABA by grapevine caused by water stress and (3) synthesis of ABA by the fungi. The possible relationship between increased ABA content in the diseased organs and expression of eutypa dieback symptoms is discussed.
Use of ion exchange resins for tartrate wine stabilization
Authors: Mira Helena , Leite Patricia , Ricardo-da-Silva Jorge Manuel , Curvelo-Garcia António Sérgio
Published: June 2016

The application of the cation exchange and double cation-anion exchange resins, regarding the wine tartrate stabilization, without previous treatment of wine by cold has been studied as well as their influence in phenolic, mineral and organic acid composition. The R1 resin was used in Mg2+, Na+ and H+ form, the R2 resin was always used in H+ form, and the R3 was used in OH- form. The eluted wine was assembled with untreated wine to obtain stable wine. The R2 resin showed to be more efficient to enhance the tartrate stabilization than R1 in Mg2+ form; however in H+ form, the behaviour of both resins was quite similar. The tartrate stabilization results to double cation anion exchange were similar to the results obtained with cation exchange.
A Simple Autonomous Flight Control of Multicopter Using Only Web Camera
Authors: Sato Kazuya ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, Daikoku Ryuichiro
Published: June 2016

[abstFig src='/00280003/03.jpg' width=""300"" text='Autonomous circular flight of multicopter' ] In this paper, an autonomous flight control method of multicopter using only Web camera is proposed. Autonomous multicopter flight control has attracted much attention. Previously proposed methods have measured the position and posture of multicopter, GPS, motion capture system, and laser range finder are often applied. These methods are effective under certain conditions, but practical use may be difficult in some real environments. To achieve an autonomous flight control of multicopter with simple equipments, we propose an autonomous flight control method using Web camera and simple monitoring display window operation. Colored markers are used to measure the position of multicopter with Cartesian coordinate in three dimensional, then its position connects with elevator, aileron, and throttle operation. For each operation, a simple PI-D control method is used and the controller gains are individually adjusted. To show the effectiveness of our proposed method, experimental results are given.
Reduced-Order Observer Based Sliding Mode Control for a Quad-Rotor Helicopter
Authors: Akbar Reesa ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Sumantri Bambang , Katayama Hitoshi , Sano Shigenori , Uchiyama Naoki ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Elektronika Negeri Surabaya,   Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shizuoka University
Published: June 2016

[abstFig src='/00280003/05.jpg' width=""230"" text='Quadcopter for repeated control verification' ] The reduced-order observer design we present estimates the velocity states of a quadrotor helicopter, or quadcopter, based on sampled measurements of position and attitude states. This observer is based on the forward-differentiation Euler model. The observer is robust enough against observation noise that the gain of a closed-loop controller is high enough to improve control performance. A sliding-mode controller stabilizes and implements quadcopter tracking control effectively, as is verified experimentally when compared to a conventional backward-difference method.
Practical Applications of HORNET to Inspect Walls of Structures
Authors: Tokura Yuhei ,   Mechanical and Physical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, Toba Kohei , Takada Yogo
Published: June 2016

[abstFig src='/00280003/07.jpg' width=""300"" text='Photograph of HORNET catching onto a wall' ] During the high economic growth period in Japan, the development of new infrastructures was promoted and numerous bridges and buildings were constructed. Currently, the walls of bridges and buildings are inspected manually. This manual inspection process is expensive and time-consuming, and inspectors may be placed in dangerous situation. In this study, a robot that moves stably on a wall while maintaining a distance from the wall was developed to enable low-cost, safe inspection. Several characteristics of the robot were measured, and the possibility of using the robot in practical applications was assessed based on the measurement results.
Arbitrary Attitude Hovering Control of Quad Tilt Rotor Helicopter
Authors: Miwa Masafumi ,   Institute of Science and Technology, Tokushima University, Uemura Shinji , Imamura Akitaka ,   Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University,   Department of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineering, Osaka Sangyo University
Published: June 2016

[abstFig src='/00280003/08.jpg' width=""300"" text='Arbitrary attitude hovering' ] The quad tilt rotor helicopter (QTRH), a tilt-rotor aircraft prototype, has fixed wings for long-range high-speed flight. Its rotor-tilt mechanism controls 4 rotor-tilt angles independently and controls its roll and pitch angles similarly to a multirotor helicopter. It controls yaw angle by thrust vectoring and moves forward and backward by tilting its rotors. Rotor-tilting maneuvers are the initial stage of flight-mode transition between helicopter and fixed-wing modes.
Flight Characteristics of Quad Rotor Helicopter with Thrust Vectoring Equipment
Authors: Imamura Akitaka ,   Osaka Sangyo University, Miwa Masafumi , Hino Junichi ,   Tokushima University
Published: June 2016

[abstFig src='/00280003/09.jpg' width=""300"" text='Thrust vectoring mechanisms for WRH' ] A quad rotor helicopter (QRH) is a radio controlled (RC) aircraft that tilts its attitude to generate a horizontal force component to move in a certain direction. Using autonomous control, the attitude control system tilts the airframe against disturbances, such as wind. Thus, the attitude of a flying QRH is always slanted. In this study, three types of deflecting thruster were compared to maintain the position and horizontal attitude of the QRH. The extra thrusters are tilted to generate a thrust against disturbances without causing the airframe to incline. It is suitable for precise measurements for which the airframe posture should remain horizontal.
Effectiveness of Delayed Feedback Control Applied to a Small-Size Helicopter with a Suspended Load System
Authors: Sonobe Motomichi ,   Kochi University of Technology, Miwa Masafumi , Hino Junichi ,   Tokushima University
Published: June 2016

[abstFig src='/00280003/11.jpg' width=""250"" text='A small-size helicopter with a suspended load' ] In this study, a cable-suspended transportation system using a small-size helicopter was investigated. For a secure flight, it is necessary to suppress the swing of the suspended load. For this purpose, a cable angle feedback system was adopted because it is easy to mount the corresponding measuring device on a helicopter. Delayed feedback control was applied for efficient swing damping. The control parameters were obtained using a simple planar double pendulum model that takes into consideration the coupled dynamics of the helicopter and the load. To build the model, the system parameters were identified through frequency response flight tests. In this paper, an appropriate design strategy is reported for a trade-off relationship between vibration damping and piloted handling qualities; the robustness of the control method against disturbances and signal noise was verified by comparing the delayed feedback control method with the real-time angular velocity feedback control method. The damping effect was verified by performing flight tests with three cable lengths.