bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Importance Performance Analysis Pelayanan Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan di Puskesmas Swakelola Pembina
Authors: Ainy Asmaripa , Misnaniarti Misnaniarti , Fajar Nur Alam
Published: June 2016

Kunjungan pasien Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan (Jamsoskes) di puskesmas pembina selama tahun 2009 adalah 24.014 orang. Kunjungan per catur wulan memperlihatkan trend yang menurun. Jumlah pengunjung puskesmas pembina pada periode bulan Januari – April 2009 adalah 9.295 orang, pada Mei – Agustus 2009 adalah 8.162 orang, dan September – Desember 2009 adalah 6.557 orang. Hal ini dapat disebabkan oleh minat masyarakat yang rendah untuk menggunakan Jamsoskes. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dilakukan kajian kualitas pelayanan Jamsoskes menurut perspektif pasien. Penelitian dengan desain cross sectional ini menggunakan data primer yang dilakukan dengan metode wawancara terstruktur atau survei. Sampel terdiri dari 100 pasien Jamsoskes yang mendapat pelayanan di puskesmas pembina dengan metode analisis kesesuaian kinerja (importance-performance analysis/IPA). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa rata-rata tingkat kesesuaian antara kinerja dan harapan pasien pada pelayanan Jamsoskes di puskesmas pembina adalah 83,44%. Terdapat dua atribut pada dimensi kualitas pelayanan yang masih perlu ditingkatkan meliputi pemberian perhatian oleh dokter terhadap keluhan-keluhan pasien tentang penyakit serta kenyamanan dan kerapian ruang pengobatan di poli umum. Peran dokter sebagai fasilitator kesembuhan pasien perlu ditingkatkan melalui sikap empati atas berbagai keluhan penyakit pasien serta mempertimbangkan penataan ulang ruangan pelayanan untuk kenyamanan pasien.Kata kunci: Analisis kesesuaian kinerja, jamsoskes, kualitas, puskesmasAbstract The sum of social health assurance (Jamsoskes) patients in puskesmas pembina during 2009 was 24.014 people. There was a decrease in per quarter visits. The sum of patients visit in January to April 2009 was 9.295 people, May to August 2009 was 8.162 people, and September to December 2009 was 6.557 people. This can be caused by the low interest of community to utilize Jamsoskes service. Thus, it should be reviewed 105 about the quality of Jamsoskes service according to the patients’ perspective. This research was quantitative survey. The sample was 100 patients of Jamsoskes at puskesmas pembina. Data were collected through interviews using a questionnaire and analyzed by the importance-performance analysis. The average of balance level between service performance and expectation of patients was 83,44%. There were two attributes in the dimensions of service quality that need to be increased: the phycisian attention to the patients complaints about their diseases and convenience and neatness of the treatment room at the general polyclinic. The role of physician as a facilitator of healing to the patient needs to be improved through the attitude of empathy on patient complaints. Keywords: : Importance performance analysis, social health assurance, quality, primary health center
Status Gizi Ibu dan Berat Badan Lahir Bayi
Authors: Karima Khaula , Achadi Endang Laksmining
Published: June 2016

Berat badan lahir 2.500 gram yang hingga kini merupakan standar ukuran risiko morbiditas dan mortalitas bayi merupakan faktor risiko penting yang berdampak hingga usia dewasa. Saat ini, bayi dengan berat badan lahir di bawah 3.000 gram dihubungkan dengan risiko penyakit degeneratif pada usia dewasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan berat badan lahir dengan status gizi ibu meliputi berat badan prahamil, pertambahan berat badan selama kehamilan, dan kadar hemoglobin ibu pada trimester ketiga kehamilan. Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional ini menggunakan sumber data sekunder rekam medis Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak Budi Kemuliaan Jakarta. Analisis dilakukan secara bivariat dan multivariat menggunakan metode uji chi square dan korelasi regresi. Hasil studi menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna antara berat badan prahamil dan pertambahan berat badan ibu selama kehamilan dengan berat badan lahir. Setelah dikontrol berbagai variabel lain, analisis regresi logistik ganda menemukan berat badan ibu prahamil, pertambahan berat badan selama kehamilan, usia ibu, dan urutan kelahiran merupakan faktor yang memengaruhi berat badan lahir. Berat badan prahamil ibu merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap berat badan lahir (odds ratio, OR = 6,64). Oleh sebab itu, ibu dengan status gizi prahamil kurang yang sedang merencanakan kehamilan perlu lebih diperhatikan.Kata kunci: Berat badan lahir, kehamilan, mortalitas bayi, status gizi ibuAbstractThe weight of 2.500 gram is still being used as the cut off point to predict the risk of baby’s morbidity and mortality. Recently birth weight of less than 3.000 gram is being rigorously assess as a risk factor for noncommunicable disease in adulthood. Therefore it is important to assess factors that are affecting the fetal growth and development. The objectives of this study is to determine the relationship between infant’s birth weight and mother’s nutritional status, i.e. pre-pregnancy weight, weight gain during pregnancy, and maternal haemoglobin level in the 3rd trimester as well as several other factors. The study design is cross sectional using secondary data from medical record of Budi Kemuliaan Hospital Jakarta. The result of chi square and correlation regression test shows there is significant relationship between prepregnancy weight and weight gain during pregnancy and birth weight. The multiple logistic regression test reveals that pre-pregnancy weight, weight gain during pregnancy, maternal age, and birth order are factors that are effecting birth weight significantly, with prepregnancy weight as the dominant factor (odds ratio, OR = 6,643). Therefore, it is imperative to give more attention to undernourished women who are planning their pregnancy. Key words: Birth weight, pregnancy, infant mortality, mother nutritional status
Studi Epidemiologi Deskriptif Talasemia
Authors: Rejeki Dwi Sarwani Sri , Nurhayati Nunung , Supriyanto Supriyanto , Kartikasari Elva
Published: June 2016

Talasemia adalah penyakit kelainan darah akibat kekurangan atau penurunan produksi hemoglobin. Jumlah penderita talasemia di Yayasan Talasemia Indonesia cabang Banyumas terus meningkat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik penderita talasemia di Yayasan Talasemia Indonesia cabang Banyumas tahun 2012. Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional ini dilakukan terhadap 64 sampel yang diambil dengan teknik proportionate stratified random sampling . Data dikumpulkan meliputi melalui wawancara terstruktur menggunakan kuesioner. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif univariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penderita talasemia rata-rata berusia 12,28 tahun, berjenis kelamin laki-laki (51,6%), sedang sekolah SD (40,6%), bukan angkatan kerja (92,2%), talasemia β-mayor (90,6%), tidak splenektomi (84,4%), jaminan kesehatan masyarakat (Jamkesmas) (73,4%), kadar feritin ≥ 2000 ng/mL (90,4%), kelasi deferioprone, vitamin C, dan deferioksamin (81,2%), tinggal di Kabupaten Banyumas (79,7%), trans-fusi darah di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Banyumas (95,3%), rata-rata terdiagnosis usia 3,7 tahun, usia rata-rata mulai transfusi darah adalah 3,78 tahun. Frekuensi transfusi darah 1 bulan 1 kali (87,5%), dan frekuensi terapi kelasi zat besi mengonsumsi vitamin C 30 kali dalam 1 bulan (95,3%).Kata kunci: Hemoglobin, kelainan darah, talasemia AbstractThalassaemia is blood disorder caused by deficiency or decrease in production/formation of hemoglobin. Number of thalassaemia patients in Yayasan Talasemia Indonesia (Indonesian Thalassemia Foundation) Banyumas branch countinue to increase. The research purpose is to describe the characteristics of thalassemia patients in YTI Banyumas. The research type is a quantitative approach with cross sectional research design. Sample of 64 people taken by proportionate stratified random sampling. Data collected includes characteristics of the respondents based on the variables of people, places, and time was obtained through interviews using a questionnaire. The univariate descriptive analysis were use to describe the characteristics of the respondents. The results showed that thala-ssaemia patients at YTI Banyumas have several characteristics: average age of 12,28 years, male (51,6%), elementary students (40,6%), the laborforce (92,2%), b-thalassemia major (90,6%), no splenectomy (84,4%), Jamkesmas (73,4%), ferritin levels ≥ 2000 ng/mL (90,4%), sailor deferio-prone, vitamin C, and deferioksamin (81,2%), live in Banyumas (79,7%), blood transfusions in hospitals Banyumas (95,3%), the average age of diagnosis of 3,7 years, the average age of starting a blood transfusion was 3,78 years. Once a month blood transfusion (87,5%), and the frequency of iron chelation therapy by consuming vitamin C 30 times in one month (95,3%).Key words: Hemoglobin, blood disorder, thalassemia
Analisis Risiko Pajanan PM2,5 di Udara Ambien Siang Hari terhadap Masyarakat di Kawasan Industri Semen
Authors: Novirsa Randy , Achmadi Umar Fahmi
Published: June 2016

Salah satu dampak negatif industri pabrik semen terhadap kesehatan masyarakat adalah peningkatan risiko penyakit saluran pernapasan. Risiko tersebut banyak disebabkan oleh pajanan partikulat di udara, khususnya partikulat berukuran di bawah 2,5 mikron (PM2,5). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis risiko pajanan PM2,5 di udara ambien siang hari pada masyarakat di kawasan industri semen. Risiko dihitung dengan metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan berdasarkan metode Louvar yang menghasilkan nilai Intake pajanan yang diterima individu per hari berdasarkan nilai konsentrasi pajanan, pola aktivitas individu, dan nilai antropometri. Konsentrasi PM2,5 di lingkungan diukur pada 10 titik dengan radius 500 meter antartitik dari pusat pabrik, sedangkan pola aktivitas dan nilai antropometri diukur dengan menggunakan kuesioner pada 92 responden dewasa di kawasan pabrik. Hasil perhitungan risiko yang diterima seumur hidup (lifetime) menunjukkan terdapat tiga area berisiko dengan nilai RQ > 1, yaitu Ring 2 (500 – 1.000 m), Ring 4 (1.500 – 2.000 m), dan Ring 5 (2.000 – 2.500 m). Daerah paling aman yang dapat dihuni oleh masyarakat di kawasan industri semen adalah di atas 2,5 km dari pusat industri dengan konsentrasi paling aman 0,028 mg/m3.Kata kunci: Industri semen, infeksi saluran pernapasan, partikulat PM2,5AbstractOne of the negative impacts of cement industry to public health is an increased risk of respiratory disease. These risks are caused by exposure to particulate matter in air, especially fine particulate matter which is smaller than 2,5 microns (PM2,5). This study aimed to analyze the risks of PM2,5 exposure in ambien air at noon on people around cement industry. Risk was calculated using Environmental Health Risk Analysis Method that generates value of individual exposure intake received per day. This value was generated based on the concentration of exposure, individual activity patterns, and anthropometric values. PM2,5 concentrations in the environment was measured at 10 points (Ring) from the center of plant with radius of 500 meters each point. The activity patterns and anthropometric values were measured using questionnaire to 92 adult respondents around the factory. The calculation of lifetime risk showed that there are three risked area: Ring 2 (500 – 1.000 m), Ring 4 (1.500 – 2.000 m), and Ring 5 (2.000 – 2.500 m). The safest area was over 2,5 kilometers from the center of the industry with the safest concentration was 0,028 mg/m3.Keywords: Cement industry, respiratory disease, particulate PM2,5
Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi dan Stres pada Wanita Hipertensi Anggota Majelis Taklim
Authors: Fitriani Anna
Published: June 2016

Proporsi hipertensi pada wanita selalu lebih tinggi dengan peningkatan usia populasi. Penelitian ini membahas hipertensi dan faktor risiko pada 105 wanita dewasa anggota Majelis Taklim Al-Amin Cilandak, Jakarta Selatan. Penelitian observasional dengan desain studi potong lintang ini dilatarbelakangi oleh hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2007 dengan metode analisis uji Chi Square. Populasi targetadalah seluruh anggota majelis taklim di Jakarta Selatan dengan sampel anggota Majelis Taklim Al-Amin di Kecamatan Cilandak yang datang pada saat pengambilan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi hipertensi sebesar 41,7% lebih tinggi daripada provinsi DKI Jakarta (28,6%) dan angka nasional 2007 (31,7%). Hipertensi pada penelitian ini berhubungan dengan sosial ekonomi yang rendah dankondisi stres. Untuk itu, diharapkan promosi kesehatan dan penanggulangan stres diberikan di majelis-majelis taklim.Kata kunci: hipertensi, majelis taklim, sosial ekonomi rendah, stres, wanitaAbstractProportion of hypertension is always higher among women byincreasing population age. This study focused on hypertension and it’s risk factor in 105 adult women who are members of Majelis Taklim Al-Amin Cilandak, South Jakarta. An observational study using a cross sectional design was performed and stimulated based on Indonesian Base Health Research 2007. This research result showed that the prevalence of hypertension is 41.7%, which is higher than DKI Jakarta (28.6%) and Indonesia (31.7%). In this research, hypertension is correlated with low socioeconomic status and stress. Therefore, it is recommended to run health promotion and stress management in majelis taklim.Keywords: hypertension, majelis taklim, low socioeconomic, stress, women
Perbedaan Gender pada Kejadian Sindrom Metabolik pada Penduduk Perkotaan di Indonesia
Authors: Bantas Krisnawaty , Yoseph Hari Koesnanto , Moelyono Budi
Published: June 2016

Sindrom Metabolik (SM) merupakan faktor risiko penting penyakit kardiovaskuler yang merupakan penyebab utama kematian di Indonesia. Perbedaan gender pada SM berkontribusi terhadap perbedaan gender pada penyakit kardiovaskuler. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui prevalensi dan risiko SM berdasarkan gender di perkotaan Indonesia menggunakan data Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2007 dan menggunakan rancangan penelitian potong lintang. Populasi penelitian terdiri dari 13.262 orang pria dan wanita yang tidak hamil berusia lebih dari 15 tahun yang bermukim di daerah perkotaan. Variabel penelitian meliputi variabel dependen sindrom metabolik. Variabel independen utama adalah gender dan variabel kovariat yang lain adalah level 1 (umur, statusperkawinan, pendidikan, stres, merokok, dan aktivitas fisik), level 2 (pendapatan keluarga, konsumsi energi rumah tangga, konsumsi protein rumah tangga, konsumsi serat rumah tangga, anggota rumah tangga, dan balita dalam rumah tangga), dan level 3 (provinsi, status urban, dan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM)). Analisis dilakukan dengan multilevel regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa prevalensi SM adalah 17,5 %, prevalensi pada wanita (21,3%) lebih tinggi daripada pria (12,9%). Risiko sindrom metabolikberdasarkan gender bergantung pada status umur, pendidikan, dan perkawinan dari individu. Variasi kejadian SM berdasarkan pendapatan keluarga kecil (nilai MOR 1,21) dan variasi kejadian SM berdasarkan provinsi juga kecil (nilai MOR1,18).Kata kunci: analisis multilevel, gender, sindrom metabolikAbstractMetabolic Syndrome (MS) is an important factor for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). One of the main causes of death in Indonesia is CVD. Gender differences in MS may contribute the gender differences in CVD. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and MS risk by gender in the urban population of Indonesia using Riskesdas 2007 data and cross-sectional design study. Population of study consisted of 13,262 men and non pregnant women over 15 years old lived in urban area. Variables included in this study are MS as the dependentvariable and gender as the main independent variable. The covariate variables consisted of: level 1 variables (age, marital status, education, stress, smoking, and physical activity), level 2 (family outcome, household energy consumption, protein consumption, fiber consumption, members, and toddler under5 years), level 3 (province, urban status, and human development index). Multilevel logistic regression used in data analysis. Result showed that prevalence of MS was 17,5%, on women (21.3%) was higher than men (12.9%). The risk of MS by gender was depent on age, educational level, and marital status of individual. The variation of MS occurrence among the family incomes was small (MOR 1.21), and the variation of MS occurrence among the provinces was also small (MOR 1.18).Keywords: multilevel analysis, gender, metabolic syndrome
Evaluasi Berat Badan Tidak Naik pada Bayi di Bawah Dua Tahun Warga Miskin Setelah Pemberian MP-ASI
Authors: Ciptaningtyas Ratri , Sumantri Arif , Ramadhan M. Arbi
Published: June 2016

Program Pemberian Makanan Pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) berupa bubur untuk 6-11 bulan dan biskuit untuk 12-24 bulan dan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan status gizi pada anak, terutama pada keluarga miskin. Tujuan penelitian ini mengevaluasi berbagai faktor yang memengaruhi beratbadan tidak naik pada baduta keluarga miskin setelah pemberian program MP-ASI kementerian kesehatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 82 ibu baduta yang menerima MP-ASI dengan desain studi kasus kontrol menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Analisis dilakukan dengan regresi multivariat.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan antara berat badan tidak naik dengan ASI eksklusif (OR = 3,48; IK 95% = 1,38-8,80), pemberian MP-ASI kementerian kesehatan (OR = 0,30; IK 95% = 0,10-0,94), riwayat penyakit infeksi (OR = 3,07; IK 95% = 1,17-8,03), dan pola konsumsi susu (OR = 0,23; IK 95% = 0,07-0,79). Faktor yang paling dominan berpengaruh adalah ASI eksklusif (B = 6,152). Sebaiknya, program MP-ASI disosialisasikan secara menyeluruh dan jelas.Kata kunci: baduta, berat badan tidak naik, intervensi gizi, MP-ASIAbstractThe Complementary Feeding Program is conducted through the distribution puree for 6-11 month old and biscuits for those who were 12 to 24 months old infant and aimed to improve the nutritional status of malnourished toddlers from poor families. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors influencing failure weight gain among toddlers of low economy familiesafter the program. This study was conducted on 82 mothers who received Complementary Feeding Program biscuit using case-control design study. Analysis conducted through the multivariate regression. The result showed that the state of failure weight gain is significantly affected by exclusivebreastfeeding (OR = 3.48; CI 95% = 1.38-8.80), the duration of provision for the Complementary Feeding Program (OR = 0.30; CI 95% = 0.10-0.94), the history of infectious diseases (OR = 3.07; CI 95% = 1.17-8.03), and the pattern of milk consumption (OR = 0.23; CI 95% = 0.07-0.79). The most dominant factor affecting failure weight gain was exclusivebreastfeeding (B = 6.15). A through socialization of the Complementary Feeding Program is recommended.Keywords: toddlers, failure weight gain, nutrition intervention, complementary feeding
ANÁLISE DE UMA CARTILHA INSTITUCIONAL EM UMA ABORDAGEM MODULAR DA COMPLEXIDADE DO DISCURSO
Authors: Cunha Gustavo Ximenes
Published: June 2016

Este artigo aproxima a Análise do Discurso e os Estudos Organizacionais, porque considera necessário compreender as organizações (públicas ou privadas) de uma perspectiva do discurso. Para evidenciar a pertinência dessa aproximação, apresentamos uma análise de uma cartilha em que uma agência reguladora do Governo Federal, a ANP, dialoga com agentes do mercado. Desenvolvido à luz do Modelo de Análise Modular do Discurso, o estudo permitiu identificar a imagem que a ANP projeta de si ao interagir, por meio da cartilha, com um setor da sociedade. Com o estudo, obtivemos informações relevantes acerca (i) do contexto de produção e recepção da cartilha, (ii) das imagens recíprocas construídas por meio desse discurso e (iii) de características do processo de negociação entre o Governo (ANP) e a Sociedade (os agentes do mercado).
PREFIXOS, RECURSIVIDADE E A ESTRUTURA DO SINTAGMA VERBAL
Authors: De Medeiros Alessandro Boechat
Published: June 2016

O presente artigo procura explicar a distribuição dos prefixos re- e des-, as relações semânticas e posicionais entre eles quando coocorrem e suas relações com a estrutura do sintagma verbal. As propostas apresentadas mostram evidências de que uma decomposição sintática de estruturas de eventos associadas aos sintagmas verbais permite explicações naturais para as propriedades discutidas nas seções iniciais do artigo. Ao final, discute-se brevemente a participação dos prefixos recursivos na definição de significados especiais de raízes.
SIMETRIAS E ASSIMETRIAS NA REPRESENTAÇÃO LINGUÍSTICA: O CASO DAS UNIDADES LEXICAIS FORMADAS POR NOMES DE CORES
Authors: Zavaglia Claudia , Martins Sabrina de Cássia
Published: June 2016

O presente trabalho aborda o universo das cores em relação às singularidades de cada subdomínio cromático. Segundo Arcaini (1991), toda língua natural é caracterizada pelo relativismo cultural e cada sistema linguístico descreve o universo cromático de uma forma única. Para Berlin e Kay (1969), o princípio da relatividade linguística sustenta que cada cultura tem a sua forma de compreender e experienciar a realidade e, portanto, cada língua tem suas próprias particularidades semânticas que a difere das demais. Por conseguinte, o léxico é a representação formal da percepção da realidade, reproduzindo a categorização do conhecimento pelo ser humano. Nesse contexto de diferenças e similaridades, o Dicionário Multilíngue de Cores (DMC) tem sido desenvolvido na Universidade Estadual Paulista, campus de São José do Rio Preto, como um projeto multidisciplinar, envolvendo as línguas portuguesa, italiana, inglesa, francesa e espanhola. O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar as simetrias e dissimetrias verificadas nas direções italiano-português-inglês e português-italiano-inglês. Discutiremos dados culturalmente marcados, indicadores de que os casos de simetria são menos dependentes de fatos culturais específicos, ao contrário das dissimetrias que estão relacionadas a especificidades culturais.
IMPLICAÇÕES DE UMA PERSPECTIVA REALISTA DIRETA PARA O PAM-L2: DESAFIOS TEÓRICO-METODOLÓGICOS
Authors: Alves Ubiratã Kickhöfel , Silva Adelaide Hercília Pescatori
Published: June 2016

Neste trabalho, discutimos as premissas de base realista direta e ecológica do Perceptual Assimilation Model-L2 (PAM-L2) (BEST; TYLER, 2007), de modo a apontar os principais aspectos, bem como os desafios teórico-metodológicos, advindos da concepção adotada pelo modelo. A discussão será alicerçada a partir dos seguintes pontos de discussão: (i) a consonância entre a teoria de base do PAM-L2 e a realização de estudos laboratoriais; (ii) o poder explanatório do modelo frente à questão da transferência grafo-fônico-fonológica; (iii) a concepção ecológica e o debate ‘Segunda Língua’ vs. ‘Língua Estrangeira’; (iv) a aplicação ou não do modelo frente a estudos de treinamento perceptual; (v) a noção ecológica frente ao binômio ‘percepção’-‘inteligibilidade’. Esperamos, com o presente trabalho, proporcionar um entendimento maior, por parte dos pesquisadores, acerca das teorias de base e da concepção de língua que regem o PAM-L2.
Analytical Evaluation of Nanoparticle Application To Mitigate Fines Migration in Porous Media
Authors: Yuan Bin , Moghanloo Rouzbeh Ghanbarnezhad , Zheng Da
Published: June 2016

This paper examines an application of the method of characteristics (MOC) to evaluate the effectiveness of nanoparticles to mitigate fines migration in porous media. The positive contribution of nanoparticles to mitigate fines migration was characterized by the increase of maximum retention concentration of fines particles on rock grains through two reactions described in this paper: (1) adsorption of nanoparticles onto the fines/grain surface and (2) increased retention of fines attachment on the pore surface by means of reducing the surface potential between grains and fines. We develop semianalytic MOC solutions for two different scenarios of nanoparticle application to control fines migration: (1) coinjection of nanoparticles with fines suspension into 1D permeable medium and (2) precoating porous medium with nanoparticles before fines injection to evaluate the enhanced capability of porous medium to capture unsettled fines by success of nanoparticle application.

A nanoparticle adsorption front, a suspended fines front, and an attached fines front occur in our analytic solution, depending on conditions. The mitigation index (MI) is introduced to evaluate the success of nanoparticles to control fines migration. In addition, the proposed approach provides a fast and reliable method to optimize nanoparticles treatment (nanoparticles concentration and the required amount) to control fines migration. Through quantitative comparison of effluent history and concentration-profile plots, we verify the accuracy of the analytical solutions with both numerical simulations and experimental results. In practice, our analytical approach provides valuable insights into how nanoparticle application can help reduce fines migration in reservoirs suffering from fines-migration problems.
COMMUNICATION PROBLEMS IN A MIXED CREW ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Mircea cel Batran Naval Academy, ASTRATINEI C
Published: June 2016

Shipping has become a highly international and multicultural industry due to a globalised labour market of seafarers. About two thirds of the world`s merchant fleets, are manned by a mixed crew, which may include two to three different nationalities. The common language used on board ship is English. So the crewmembers must have a good command of this language. 80% of all maritime accidents are, according to incident reports, caused by human error i.e. negligence, fatigue, incompetence or communication breakdown. Another factor that may affect the safety of crew and cargo is the cultural differences within the mixed nationality crews which, if not appeased in time, may lead to very serious conflicts. This paper proposes to analyse some characteristics of the Asian culture and traditions and suggest some ways of improving the professional relationship among multinational crew members by making them aware of their shipmates identities. A questionnaire, which we intend to use as a research tool, will be provided and explained.
Yield, Persistence, and Nutrient Harvest of Two Cultivars and Two Blends of Seeded Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) in Swine Effluent Spray Fields
Authors: Spearman Becky L. , Freeman Sharon R. , Poore Matthew H.
Published: June 2016

To determine yield potential, persistence, and nutrient removal, replicated blocks of two cultivars of seeded bermudagrass (‘Cheyenne’ and ‘Mohawk’) and two seeded bermudagrass blends (‘Laredo’ and ‘Ranchero Frio’) were planted in a commercial swine farm effluent spray field. Measurements were taken during a 4‐year period, including the establishment year. Total dry matter (DM) yields of 10,890 and 10,750 lb/acre for Cheyenne and Ranchero Frio were greater than for Laredo and Mohawk (10,090 and 10,080 lb/acre, respectively; P = 0.01) and decreased after a peak in the second growing season (P < 0.01). Weed contribution to DM was large following establishment, negligible the second year, and then grew progressively greater thereafter (18.7, 0.3, 12.8, and 21.3% for the first through fourth seasons, respectively; P < 0.01). Weed DM composition was greater for Cheyenne than for Mohawk or the blends (17.2, 11.7, 12.2, and 12.0% for Cheyenne, Laredo, Mohawk, and Ranchero Frio, respectively; P = 0.02). Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) yields were proportional to DM yield; however, nitrate concentration was greater in forage from Cheyenne and Ranchero Frio than from Laredo and Mohawk (0.58, 0.60, 0.43, and 0.47% of DM, respectively; P < 0.01). Lower DM yields after Season 2 resulted in average DM yields that were close to the realistic yield estimates listed for common bermudagrass when applying swine effluent as source of N fertilizer, and were much lower than the realistic DM yield estimates for hybrid bermudagrass. Ranchero Frio and Cheyenne were well suited to this site because they produced the greatest average DM yield across years, but Ranchero Frio had less weed composition in the final year.
Peanut Production in Virginia and the Carolinas: Development of a Website and Program Editor
Authors: Lassiter Bridget R. , Wilkerson Gail G. , Buol Gregory S. , Jordan David L. , Shew Barbara , Brandenburg Rick , Herbert Ames , Phipps Patrick M. , Chapin Jay
Published: June 2016

A comprehensive website was created to assist peanut growers and extension personnel in the Virginia–Carolinas region of the United States with production and pest management decisions. Content is categorized into sections, including: Disease Advisories, Decision Aids, Topics (Cultivars, Diseases, Insects and Mites, Production, and Weeds), Peanut Notes, Extension Publications, People, a Key Word Index, a Glossary, RSS Feeds, and Related Links. The website also displays information sheets that detail production practices as well as identification and management of diseases, weeds, insects, and nematodes. A custom editing program was written to facilitate timely updates to the website by various content providers.
Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions from Slurry Storage: Impacts of Temperature and Potential Mitigation through Covering (Pig Slurry) or Acidification (Cattle Slurry)
Authors: Misselbrook Tom , Hunt John , Perazzolo Francesca , Provolo Giorgio
Published: June 2016

Storage of livestock slurries is a significant source of methane (CH4) and ammonia (NH3) emissions to the atmosphere, for which accurate quantification and potential mitigation methods are required. Methane and NH3 emissions were measured from pilot‐scale cattle slurry (CS) and pig slurry (PS) stores under cool, temperate, and warm conditions (approximately 8, 11, and 17°C, respectively) and including two potential mitigation practices: (i) a clay granule floating cover (PS) and (ii) slurry acidification (CS). Cumulative emissions of both gases were influenced by mean temperature over the storage period. Methane emissions from the control treatments over the 2‐mo storage periods for the cool, temperate, and warm periods were 0.3, 0.1, and 34.3 g CH4 kg−1 slurry volatile solids for CS and 4.4, 20.1, and 27.7 g CH4 kg−1 slurry volatile solids for PS. Respective NH3 emissions for each period were 4, 7, and 12% of initial slurry N content for CS and 12, 18, and 28% of initial slurry N content for PS. Covering PS with clay granules reduced NH3 emissions by 77% across the three storage periods but had no impact on CH4 emissions. Acidification of CS reduced CH4 and NH3 emissions by 61 and 75%, respectively, across the three storage periods. Nitrous oxide emissions were also monitored but were insignificant. The development of approaches that take into account the influence of storage timing (temperature) and duration on emission estimates for national emission inventory purposes is recommended.

Core Ideas

Gaseous emissions from livestock slurry storage are strongly influenced by storage temperature.

Slurry acidification is an effective treatment to reduce CH4 and NH3 emissions.

Covering with a layer of clay granules is effective at reducing NH3, but not CH4, emission.

Methane conversion factors in national inventories should account for storage timing and duration.
Nine new records to inventory of continental mollusc species from Santa Catarina State, Central Southern Brazil
Authors: Agudo-Padrón A. Ignacio , Luz Jefferson Souza da , Funez Luís Adriano , Zermiani Ana Elisa
Published: June 2016

A new total of nine continental gastropod forms are incorporated to the previous systematic malacological inventory of Santa Catarina's State/SC, central southern Brazil region, the species Helicina schereri Baker, 1913, Assiminea sp, Lamellaxis clavulinus (Potiez and Michaud, 1838), Lamellaxis (Leptopeas) cf. mizius Marcus & Marcus, 1968, Plekocheilus (Eurytus) sp, Rhinus cf. longisetus (Moricand, 1846), Simpulopsis cf. ovata Sowerby, 1822, Megalobulimus klappenbachi Leme, 1964, and Zilchogyra cleliae Weyrauch, 1965. Included in eight genera and seven families, raise the state record for 220 species and subspecies regionally known (190 gastropods - 148 terrestrial, 2 amphibian and 40 limnic/freshwater –, and 30 freshwater bivalves).
Chronic toxicity bioassay with ampularid snail Pomacea lineata (Spix 1824) (Mollusca: Prosobranchia)
Authors: Melo Luiz Eduardo Lima , Paz Ronilson José da , Barbosa José Etham de Lucena , Watanabe Takako , Batalla Judith Font , Coler Robert Anthony
Published: June 2016

Pomacea lineata (Spix, 1824), an extremely ubiquitous snail and pest to rice farmers throughout the orient, holds promise as a valuable resource for monitoring water quality in Northeast Brazil. In this paper, we present data to demonstrate its capacity as a test animal to consistently respond to low level herbicide concentrations (Paraquat and Roundup). Growth data to assess chronic toxicity, were generated in only 96 hours. Applying Duncan's test we were able to tentatively approximate a 96 and 192 hour no observed effective concentration (NOEC) and lowest observed effective concentration (LOEC) for Roundup of 1.0 and 2.0 and 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L, respectively (no acute toxicity was observed during 15 days of exposure.) No such estimates could be attempted with Paraquat, however, because every concentration tested was significantly different from the control percent increase in growth even at the lowest concentration tested (0.005 mg/L) there was an increase in growth that was significantly greater than control levels suggesting a hormetic effect.
Closed lateral Internal Sphincterotomy under local anesthesia in OPD in the treatment of chronic Anal Fissure
Authors: Ahmad Naved , Aziz Muzaffar , . Faizullah
Published: June 2016

Objective of this study is to provide best therapy in terms of hospital stay and post operative complications after closed lateral internal sphincterotomy under local anaesthesia in the treatment of chronic anal fissure. It is descriptive type of study carried out at Nishtar Hospital Multan, from February 2001 to April 2001. Thirty patients underwent closed lateral internal sphicterotomy in local anaesthesia in OPD. Internal anal sphincter divided up to dentate line by introducing no.11 surgical blade in the intersphicteric groove. Pts were allowed to go home just after the surgery. Follow up for complications was done for the period of 6months. Mean postoperative stay was for 12 minutes. Postoperative complications were soiling (6.6%), incontinence to flatus (3.3%) and recurrence (3.3%). CLIS can be done safely under local anesthesia in OPD with low complication rate and less postop period of stay.
Oroantral Fistula - A general dental practitioner`s dilemma
Authors: Shah Adnan A
Published: June 2016

Closure of oroantral fistula possess difficulty to both general dental practitioner and oral & maxillofacial surgeon. Different options have been proposed, each having its own merits and demerits. Choice of a procedure depends upon the expertise, facilities available, local and general factors of the patient. Successful closure equally depends on complete elimination of sinus infection excision of fistulous tract and proper post operative care.
Bacterial vaginosis in Pregnant Women: A diagnostic approach
Authors: Aslam Maleeha , Hafeez Rubeena , Aman Shahbaz , Azhar Anjum , Lone Durre Shahwar
Published: June 2016

Objective: To determine the prevalence of Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) in pregnant women using a simple clinical diagnostic approach. Method: The clinical criteria developed by Amsel`s and colleagues were used as a reference standard for accurate diagnosis of Bacterial vaginosis (BV) infection. This is based on the presence of the following clinical signs 1) Homogeneous thin, white vaginal discharge 2) Presence of clue cells (greater than 20%). 3) Positive amine (whiff) test. 4) Vaginal pH > than 4.5. The presence of any three of the four clinical criteria was considered diagnostic for BV. Samples were collected from 75 pregnant females, irrespective of their gestational duration, presenting with vaginal discharge at the antenatal clinic of Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Results: BV was diagnosed in 14 females giving an incidence of 18.7%. The, most common symptom was a thin white homogeneous vaginal discharge seen in 27(36%) women. The other diagnostic clinical signs observed were the presence of clue cells on wet mount 9(12%), positive `whiff` test 13(17.3%), and elevated pH>4.5 in 18(24%) women. Microscopic analysis of vaginal secretion revealed diminished polymorph epithelial ratio 19(25.3%) and loss of normal vaginal Lactobaclli 22(29.3%). The other associated findings were candidiasis seen in 16(21.3%) women, while Trichomonas infection in only one woman. These findings were confirmed on Gram staining. Gardnerella vaginalis 9(12%) and Gram variable organisms (Mobiluncus) 11(14.7%) were also identified by Gram smear of vaginal discharge. Conclusion: The clinical diagnosis of BV infection can be established by identifying three of Amsel`s four clinical criteria. In most cases it provides a rapid inexpensive and accurate diagnosis. Strategies should be planned to screen and treat women with BV so as to prevent adverse Obstetric outcome associated with it.
An experience with vascular trauma
Authors: Ahmed Ahsan Nazir , R A Hussain , M Aslam , Rasool Imtiaz
Published: June 2016

This prospective study was conducted at Jinnah Hospital, Lahore over a period of twenty one months. Patients between the ages 18-32 years presenting with Vascular Trauma in A/E department were included in the study. Gender distribution was 17 males and one female. The vascular trauma was as follows: 2 radial arteries, 2 posterior tibial arteries, 8 femoral arteries, 4 popliteal arteries, 1 popliteal vein, 1 axillary artery. All of these patients were managed surgically. The end results for all were patent vessels with functional limbs averting deaths and preventing life long disabilities thereby improving the quality of life and productivity as a human being.
Uterine Rupture: an audit to analyze management options, maternal & fetal outcome
Authors: Bashir Alia , Ashraf Razia , Shakoor Saima , Ali Fauzia , Rehman Khaliqur , Chohan Arshad
Published: June 2016

Study Design: An analysis of 14 cases of ruptured uterus was done during January 2003 to December 2003 in Obstetrics & Gynae Department of Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. Objective: The purpose of this Audit was to analyse the different management options, maternal and fetal outcome in uterine rupture. Material and Methods: Total no of births in 2003 was 4840. Total number of ruptured uterus found to be 14 (2.9%/1000) deliveries. Among these incomplete rupture were 3 (21.4%) and complete rupture were 11 (78.4%). Regarding the common sites of uterine rupture lower uterine segment interior surface = 11 (78.4%). Lower uterine segment posterior surface = 2 (14.2%) and upper uterine segment rupture was = 1 (7.14%). The most common cause of uterine rupture was found to be multiparity and injudicious use of oxytocin by TBA in 5 cases. (35.7%) and previous uterine surgery in 5 cases (35.7%). 2 cases (14.21) were due to cephalopelvic disproportion due to hydrocephalus and 2 (14.2%) cases were of malpresentation (transverse lie) mostly handled at home by TBAs. Hysterectomy, total or sub total was done in 7 cases (50%). Repair of uterus was done in 5 cases (35.7%), in 2-cases (14.2%). Bladder repair alongwith uterine repair was done. In two cases (14.2%) of scar dehiscence, repeat cesarean section was done. The maternal mortality was found to be zero, while intrauterine death were 10(71.4%) and alive babies were 4 (28.5%) high perinatal mortality of 71% were found. Conclusion: Ruptured uterus is avoidable catastrophe by proper education, training of patients and TBA`s and by providing effective family planning services, transportation, diagnostic facilities and by reducing the unnecessary caesarean section.
Induction of labor single vaginal PGE 2 vs early Amniotomy and I/V oxytocin
Authors: Munawar Saadia , Zafar Farid , Shaukat Ayesha , Asifa Al , Karim Attiya
Published: June 2016

Objective: To compare two methods of induction of labour. Amniotomy with intravenous oxytocin infusion versus single use of prostaglandin E2 vaginal tablet. Design Perspective randomized clinical trial . Setting: The department of Gynae & Obs Nishtar Hospital Multan & Ganga Ram hospital lahore 100 patients were recruited .50 were randomized for amniotomy followed by oxytocin infusion. Second group underwent labour induction with PGE2 which was repeated after 6 hours, if n o change in bishop score is observed. Period: 17 .2 .2004 to 17 .2.2005 Results: In the study the results regarding mean Bishop score change, duration of labour and apgar score at 5 minutes were comparable in both groups. In the group 2 mean induction to delivery time was 9 hours.(6-12 hrs).The mean cervical change score was 8.5 Duration of labour in group 2 was in the mean of 7hrs. In group 1 mean cervical change was 7.5 (range5-7), induction to delivery time was 10.5 hrs. The duration of labour was 7.5 hrs. Analgesic requirements varied in both groups. No patient with PGE2 required pain relief before membrane rupture. In the oxytocin group narcotic analgesia was given from the start of uterine contractions. Conclusion: PGE2 vaginal tablet for induction of labour in case of unfavourable cervix is superior to use of amniotomy and oxytocin. It was found to be safe and effective with minimum of patient interference.
Early surgery for pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Bilal Aamir , Salim Muhammad , Nabi Muhammad Shoaib , Muslim Muhammad , M, Zaman , A Javaid , Y Khan , Ahmed Manzoor , Ahmed Shahjehan
Published: June 2016

Objective: The purpose of our study was to analyze current indications for surgery in tuberculosis and evaluate the outcome of early surgical intervention. Place and duration of study: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar from June 2000 to July 2004. Material & methods: Total number of cases was 132; M: F 105: 27. Age range was 20 to 79 years. Mean age was 48.4 years. The indications for surgical intervention included 5 cases of pulmonary aspergillioma, 9 cases of pneumothorax; 3 cases of pulmonary nodes and masses without histological diagnosis, 15 cases bronchiectasis, 12 cases of massive hemoptysis and 82 cases of pleural empyema while six patients with multi drug-resistant tuberculosis required surgical intervention. Results: The techniques utilized included lobectomy in 45 cases, pleural drainage in 20 cases, segmented pulmonary resection in 32 cases, surgical procedures on the chest wall in 17 cases, pneumonectomy in 10 cases, decortication in 8 cases. In 22 cases two or more procedures were performed on the same patient. In 26(19.6%) cases various complications were noted of which wound infection was the most frequent. There was a mortality rate of 3.3% (4 cases). Conclusion: Surgical treatment is indicated for the complication of TB and management of MDR TB. Early surgery is beneficial in patients whose disease is still localized and who can tolerate resection surgery; of particular importance is a healthy opposite lung, on which the patient would be dependent during and immediately after surgery.
Management of soft tissue defects of hand with local (posterior interosseous) flaps
Authors: Hussain Sujaat , Khan Muhammad Ishaque , Khan Muhammad Ayub , Chaudhry Tariq Hassan , Ahmed Zulfiqar
Published: June 2016

Design:-Observational case series study Objective: - To evaluate the role of Local Flaps in the management of the soft tissue injuries of hand. Suit & Period: -. Study was conducted at BV Hospital, Bahawalpur from June 2002 to May 2003. Material & Method: - In this study, we selected cases in which direct skin closure was not possible due to large defect or skin grafting was contraindicated for example in cases where bones and tendons were exposed, or in certain conditions where some secondary procedures may have to be carried out like tendon repair, tendon grafting nerve repair or fixation of fracture. Patients with severely crushed, non-salvageable hands, manageable with primary suturing & skin grafts & Patients with peripheral vascular disease, Elderly diabetic & Patients medically unfit for anesthesia. Results: A total of 10 patients were treated between June 2002 and May 2003. There were 8 males and 2 females (male to female ratio 4:1). Mean age of the patients was 26.26 years with range between 10 and 60 years. Most common cause of skin defects was agriculture machine injury (6 cases) followed by roadside accidents (2 cases), blast injury (I cases), and electric burn (1 cases). In 7 patients there was an uneventful recovery. One flap was lost completely, partial flap loss occurred in one case, marginal necrosis and infection noted in one case. Conclusion: -Local (posterior interosseous island) flaps are useful for coverage of the skin defects over the hand when applied with proper indications.
Effect of anterior capsular polishing on the incidence of YAG capsulotomy
Authors: A Ahad Muhammad , Qamar Mohammad Rashad , Hindi Sameh K , N Kid Martin
Published: June 2016

Purpose: To study the effect of anterior capsule polishing during phacoemulsification on the incidence of post operative YAG laser capsulotomy. Method: A retrospective controlled study of 159 patients who underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification with anterior capsular polishing between October 1998 and March 2000. 169 age matched patients who underwent phacoemulsification but without anterior capsule polishing served as controls. Main outcome measure: Incidence of visually significant YAG capsulotomy, which improved the Snellen acuity for more than 1 line or at least 1 line with subjective improvements in symptoms. Results: 2.51 % of patients with anterior capsular polishing (Group 1) had YAG capsulotomy compared to 7.1% of patients in control group at one year. However, after two years, 11.3% of patients in Group I had YAG capsulotomy compared to 12.4% in Group 2. Conclusion: Anterior capsular polishing during cataract surgery may delay the opacification of posterior capsule during the early postoperative period. But does not decrease the incidence of YAG capsulotomy after two years.
Is it always DVT? evaluation of leg swelling with color Doppler Sonography
Authors: Batool Sadaf , Shaukat Asim , Ahmad Khawaja Khurshid , Khan Tahir Qadeer , Qureshi Afshan , Anjum Mumtaz Nawaz
Published: June 2016

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the value of duplex ultrasound examination in establishing diagnosis in swollen lower limbs. Setting: This study was conducted at the Department of Diagnostic radiology Mayo hospital Lahore. Method: 50 consecutive patients presenting with leg swelling, submitted for colour Doppler sonography of the lower extremities were examined for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Results: 46% of the patients were detected as having DVT , when examined through Doppler Ultrasonography. While 28% of the patients were not having any pathology in the limb.26% of the patients were having pathology other than DVT. Conclusion: The veins of the calf muscles are a common site of acute DVT and a source of pulmonary embolism. They should always be investigated in patients with leg swelling. Complete venous evaluation with duplex imaging can be very helpful in determination of underlying cause of the swelling.