bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanistic Study on Triptorelin Action in Protecting From 5-FU-Induced Ovarian Damage in Rats
Authors: Wang Ying , Tian Xiaoyu , Liang Lingxia , Wang Yan , Wang Ruifang , Cheng Xiaolin , Yan Zhen , Chen Yawei , Qi Pengwei
Published: November 2015

Triptorelin, a kind of GnRH agonist, is widely used in the treatment of hormone-responsive cancers in the clinic. This study aimed to discover the underlying mechanism of triptorelin in protection from 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced ovarian damage in Sprague‐Dawley rats. In the present study, after using 5-FU to induce ovarian damage in rats, body weight and wet ovaries were weighed, the levels of estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in blood were detected, and the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, and NF-κB was determined. It suggested that, compared to the control, body weight gain, the ratio of ovarian wet weight to body weight, primary follicle numbers, and the levels of AMH were significantly decreased, while the concentration of E2 and FSH was heavily increased following 5-FU administration. In contrast, after coadministration of triptorelin with 5-FU, the ratio of ovarian wet weight to body weight and the levels of AMH were significantly increased, whereas the level of E2 and FSH was decreased significantly when compared with the 5-FU group. Furthermore, at indicated times, 5-FU led to the reduced Bcl-2 and NF-κB expression and increased Bax expression while triptorelin plus 5-FU increased Bcl-2 and NF-κB expression and decreased Bax expression. It was indicated that triptorelin could protect rats from 5-FU-induced ovarian damage by modulation of hormones, Bcl-2, Bax, and NF-κB. These results might highlight the mechanism of triptorelin as a protective agent in clinical chemotherapy for ovarian damage.
Calcitriol Inhibits Cervical Cancer Cell Proliferation Through Downregulation of HCCR1 Expression
Authors: Wang Guoqing , Lei Lei , Zhao Xixia , Zhang Jun , Zhou Min , Nan Kejun
Published: November 2015

Calcitriol (1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) has demonstrated anticancer activity against several tumors. However, the underlying mechanism for this activity is not yet fully understood. Our experiment was designed and performed to address one aspect of this issue in cervical cancer. HeLa S3 cells were cultured in media with various concentrations of calcitriol. Cell proliferation and cell cycle were assessed by spectrophotometry and flow cytometry, respectively. The mRNA and protein expression levels of human cervical cancer oncogene (HCCR-1) and p21 were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Results indicated that calcitriol inhibited HeLa S3 cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest at the G1phase. Calcitriol decreased HCCR-1 protein expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, promoter activity analyses revealed that transcriptional regulation was involved in the inhibition of HCCR-1 expression. Overexpression of HCCR-1 in HeLa S3 cells reversed the inhibition of cell proliferation and G1phase arrest that resulted from calcitriol treatment. In addition, calcitriol increased p21 expression and promoter activity. HCCR-1 overexpression decreased p21 expression and promoter activity. Thus, our results suggested that calcitriol inhibited HeLa S3 cell proliferation by decreasing HCCR-1 expression and increasing p21 expression.
Overexpression of SMAR1 Enhances Radiosensitivity in Human Breast Cancer Cell Line MCF7 via Activation of p53 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Liu Heng-chao , Ma Fang , Shen Yong , Hu Yong-quan , Pan Shaojun
Published: November 2015

This study sought to investigate the effect of overexpression of SMAR1 (scaffold/matrix-associated region-binding protein 1) on cell radiosensitivity in breast cancer, as well as elucidate its regulatory mechanism. We constructed a lentiviral expression system to successfully overexpress
SMAR1 in human breast cancer cell line MCF7. In addition, overexpression of SMAR1 in MCF7 cells enhanced the radiosensitivity to 89SrCl2. Moreover, overexpression of SMAR1 significantly induced cell apoptosis rate and G2/M phase arrest under the irradiation
of 89SrCl2. In addition, Western blot analysis showed that overexpression of SMAR1 in MCF cells significantly increased the expression levels of pP53 (ser15), pP53 (ser20), acP53, and p21 and obviously decreased the expression of MDM2 under the irradiation of 89SrCl2.
Notably, these expression changes could be neutralized by PFTα, an inhibitor of p53 signaling pathway that could inhibit p53-dependent transactivation of p53-responsive genes. Therefore, overexpression of SMAR1 may increase radiosensitivity to 89SrCl2 in breast
cancer cell line MCF7 by p53-dependent G2/M checkpoint arrest and apoptosis. Enhanced expression of SMAR1 in tumors will help to improve the clinical efficiency of radiation therapy.
The beta‐diversity of species interactions: Untangling the drivers of geographic variation in plant–pollinator diversity and function across scales
Authors: Burkle Laura A. , Myers Jonathan A. , Belote R. Travis
Published: November 2015

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:

Geographic patterns of biodiversity have long inspired interest in processes that shape the assembly, diversity, and dynamics of communities at different spatial scales. To study mechanisms of community assembly, ecologists often compare spatial variation in community composition (beta‐diversity) across environmental and spatial gradients. These same patterns inspired evolutionary biologists to investigate how micro‐ and macro‐evolutionary processes create gradients in biodiversity. Central to these perspectives are species interactions, which contribute to community assembly and geographic variation in evolutionary processes. However, studies of beta‐diversity have predominantly focused on single trophic levels, resulting in gaps in our understanding of variation in species‐interaction networks (interaction beta‐diversity), especially at scales most relevant to evolutionary studies of geographic variation.

METHODS:

We outline two challenges and their consequences in scaling‐up studies of interaction beta‐diversity from local to biogeographic scales using plant–pollinator interactions as a model system in ecology, evolution, and conservation.

KEY RESULTS:

First, we highlight how variation in regional species pools may contribute to variation in interaction beta‐diversity among biogeographic regions with dissimilar evolutionary history. Second, we highlight how pollinator behavior (host‐switching) links ecological networks to geographic patterns of plant–pollinator interactions and evolutionary processes. Third, we outline key unanswered questions regarding the role of geographic variation in plant–pollinator interactions for conservation and ecosystem services (pollination) in changing environments.

CONCLUSIONS:

We conclude that the largest advances in the burgeoning field of interaction beta‐diversity will come from studies that integrate frameworks in ecology, evolution, and conservation to understand the causes and consequences of interaction beta‐diversity across scales.
Study of Adiponectin Level in Diabetic Adolescent Girls in Relation to Glycemic Control and Complication of Diabetes
Authors: Abd El Dayem Soha M. , Nazif Hayam K. , EI-Kader Mona Abd , El-Tawil Maha
Published: November 2015

AIM: To study the relation between adiponectin level with glycemic control and complication of diabetes.PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 40 female adolescent type 1 diabetic patients and 40 healthy volunteers of the same age and sex. Blood sample was taken for assessment of glycosylated hemoglobin, lipid profile and adiponectine. Urine sample was taken for assessment of albumin/ creatinine ratio.RESULTS: Diabetic patients had a significantly higher diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL and adiponectin than controls. Patients with diabetes complication had a significant lower BMI and HDL. On the other hand, they had higher disease duration, total cholesterol, HbA1, albumin/creatinine ratio and adiponectin. Patients with microalbuminuria had a lower BMI, higher disease duration, diastolic blood pressure and adiponectin. Patients with diabetic retinopathy had higher disease duration, insulin dose, HbA1, microalbuminuria and adiponectin. Adiponectin in diabetic patients had a significant negative correlation with BMI and positive correlation with systolic blood pressure and microlabuminuria.CONCLUSION: Serum adiponectin level is high in adolescent type 1 diabetic girls. It can be used as a predictor of diabetes complications rather than a sensitive biochemical marker for glycemic control.
DNA Cytometry and Nuclear Morphometry in Ovarian Benign, Borderline and Malignant Tumors
Authors: Gamal el Din Amina A. , Badawi Manal A. , Abdel Aal Shereen E. , Ibrahim Nihad A. , Morsy Fatma A. , Shaffie Nermeen M.
Published: November 2015

BACKDROUND: Ovarian carcinoma is a leading cause of death in gynecological malignancy. Ovarian surface epithelial serous and mucinous tumours are classified as benign, borderline, and malignant. The identification of borderline tumours most likely to act aggressively remains an important clinical issue.AIM: This work aimed to study DNA ploidy and nuclear area in ovarian serous and mucinous; benign, borderline and malignant tumours.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study included forty ovarian (23 serous and 17 mucinous) tumours. Paraffin blocks were sectioned; stained with haematoxylin and eosin for histopathologic and morphometric studies and with blue feulgen for DNA analysis.RESULTS: All four serous and six out of nine mucinous benign tumours were diploid. All eight serous and five mucinous malignant tumours were aneuploid. Nine of eleven (81.8%) serous and all three mucinous borderline tumours were aneuploid. There were highly significant differences in mean aneuploid cells percentage between serous benign (1.5%), borderline (45.6%) and malignant (74.5%) (p = 0.0001) and between mucinous benign (13.2%) and both borderline (63.7%) and malignant (68.4%) groups (p = 0.0001).There were significant differences in nuclear area between serous benign (26.191%), borderline (45.619%) and malignant (67.634 %) and a significant positive correlation between mean percentage aneuploid value and mean nuclear area in all serous and mucinous groups.CONCLUSION: We suggest that DNA ploidy and nuclear area combined, may be adjuncts to histopathology; in ovarian serous and mucinous benign, borderline and malignant neoplasms; identifying the aggressive borderline tumours.
Influence of Kinesitherapy on Balance Reactions in Patients with Ischemic Stroke in the Chronic Period
Authors: Vasileva Danche , Lubenova Daniela , Mihova Marija , Dimitrova Antoaneta , Grigorova-Petrova Kristin
Published: November 2015

AIM: The study aims to trace the influence of specialized kinesitherapeutic methodology (SKTM) on balance reactions in patients with ischemic stroke in the chronic period (ISChP).MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective, multicenter study with 56 patients with ISChP. Evaluation of balance reactions using Berg Balance Scale - BBS, includes implementation of 14 tasks with increasing difficulty reflecting the usual activities of everyday life. The first 5 assignments are used to assess the main balance potential and the remaining 9 (6th to 14th task) include more sophisticated balance tasks.RESULTS: The patients were found with a significant improvement in balance opportunities, according to the scale of Berg. Compared to initial data there is a significant increase in the number of points in the measured indicators for functional and static balance. In absolute terms, positive change is most pronounced during the 1st month with a level of significance of p <0.001. CONCLUSION: The applied specialized kinesitherapeutic methodology continued later as adapted exercise program at home, and significantly improved equilibrium reactions in patients with postural disorders because of ischemic stroke and is with a supportive prolonged exposure.
Role and Significance of Markers of Inflammation in the Asthmatic Disease
Authors: Goseva Zlatica , Jovanovska Janeva Elena , Gjorcev Angelko , Arsovski Zoran , Pejkovska Sava
Published: November 2015

BACKGROUND: Asthma is characterized by airway inflammation which can be reversible.AIM: Investigation the importance of eosinophils, ECP and IL-5 in asthmatics versus patients with obstructive bronchitis and healthy subjects. We investigated the values before and after the treatment in asthmatics.MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 77 subjects divided in three groups as follows: 1) asthma patients; 2) patients with obstructive bronchitis and 3) control group of healthy subjects. In all the subjects there were determined: Total number of eosinophils (Eo), eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP), Interleukin 5 (IL-5) and allergy tests. RESULTS: The total number of eosinophils was significantly increased in the group of asthma patients versus second and third group. We found that the presence of ECP demonstrate an ongoing inflammation, with or without clinical symptoms of asthma patients. There was significant difference between the values of ECP of asthma patients versus second and third group. Our results have shown that IL-5 was significantly increased versus second group and controls (p < 0.01). We also found the decrease of the values of inflammatory markers after the treatment with corticosteroids. CONCLUSIONS: Eosinophils, ECP and IL-5 could be useful markers for selecting allergic patients and could be the monitors of treatment effects.
Predictive Factors for the Effect of Treatment by Noninvasive Ventilation in Patients with Respiratory Failure as a Result of Acute Exacerbation of the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Pejkovska Sava , Jovkovska Kaeva Biserka , Goseva Zlatica , Arsovski Zoran , Jovanovska Janeva Jelena , Zeynel Sead
Published: November 2015

BACKGROUND: Noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) applies ventilator support through the patientâ€™s upper airway using a mask.AIM: The aim of the study is to define factors that will point out an increased risk of NIV failure in patients with exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients over the age of 40, treated with NIV, were prospectively recruited. After data processing, the patients were divided into two groups: 1) successful NIV treatment group; 2) failed NIV treatment group.RESULTS: On admission arterial pH and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) levels were lower (pH: p < 0.05, GCS: p < 0.05), and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE) score and PaCO2 were higher (p < 0.05) in the NIV failure group. Arterial pH was lower (p < 0.05) and PaCO2 and respiratory rate were higher (p < 0.05) after 1h, and arterial pH was lower (p < 0.05) and PaCO2 (p < 0.05), respiratory and heart rate were higher (p < 0.05) after 4h in the NIV failure group.CONCLUSION: Measurement and monitoring of certain parameters may be of value in terms of predicting the effectiveness of NIV treatment.
Intentio et Adaequatio : Heidegger, Husserl et la neutralisation de la métaphysique
Authors: Renaudie Pierre-Jean
Published: November 2015

Heidegger a souvent fait part de l’étendue de son admiration pour la 6 e  Recherche logique de Husserl. Faut-il en conclure qu’à ses yeux Husserl avait d’une certaine façon réussi à maintenir cette exigence de « neutralité métaphysique » sous le signe de laquelle il avait voulu placer la phénoménologie naissante ? Cette étude se propose de suivre les deux lectures critiques que l’on peut dégager à partir des textes de Heidegger, en montrant que ceux-ci recouvrent deux façons très différentes de relire la théorie husserlienne de la vérité comme adéquation. Si la première de ces lectures conduit à une critique radicale de l’analogie sur laquelle repose la pensée catégoriale des Recherches logiques, la seconde se montre plus charitable dans sa défense d’une approche holistique du catégorial, et permet d’accorder une position originale à Husserl dans l’histoire de la métaphysique.
Des maternités anciennes aux maternités futures
Authors: Knibiehler Yvonne
Published: November 2015

Jusqu’au xx e  siècle, les mères et la maternité ont été subordonnées à la « puissance paternelle » ; ensuite, elles ont été soumises au « pouvoir médical ». Mais au-delà des pouvoirs en place, l’intimité de l’amour maternel assurait à la plupart des mères une influence souvent déterminante sur l’avenir de leurs enfants. Aujourd’hui, de nombreuses mères travaillent hors de leur foyer, pour assurer leur autonomie. Mais le Code du travail ne respecte pas leurs obligations familiales. L’accueil et la garde de leurs jeunes enfants posent des problèmes mal résolus. Il devient urgent de repenser la « parentalité » dans son ensemble. Aux mères de savoir faire entendre leurs revendications spécifiques.
Des professionnels aux parents : quelle transmission de la bien-traitance envers l’enfant ?
Authors: Rapoport Danielle
Published: November 2015

De plus en plus nombreux sont les professionnels de l’enfance qui ont adopté la singularité du trait d’union de bien-traitance , apparue au début des années 1990 au sein du Comité de pilotage de l’Opération Pouponnières. Que porte-t-il de cette transmission de la bien-traitance envers l’enfant au quotidien, tout au long des processus d’identification en jeu dans les interrelations entre professionnels et parents, et de la construction de leur parentalité ?
L’empathie à l’aube de la vie
Authors: Dugnat Michel
Published: November 2015

L’évolution de l’homo sapiens a été rendue possible par le fait que d’autres adultes que la mère soutenaient celle-ci et constituaient une ressource pour elle, en particulier les femmes plus âgées. Dans toutes les civilisations, plus nettement encore en période périnatale, des parents ou d’autres adultes du groupe social soutiennent le père et la mère. Les professionnels de l’accueil de la toute petite enfance jouent donc un rôle essentiel dans la réponse aux besoins développementaux de communication du bébé. L’empathie pour le bébé dont celui-ci a besoin et fait preuve est une dimension cruciale de la mise en place du développement de l’intersubjectivité.
La musique adoucit les mœurs
Authors: Bouteloup Philippe
Published: November 2015

Le jeune enfant découvre-t-il le monde des sons et de la musique sans qu’on lui vienne en aide ? S’émouvoir en allant au spectacle, être heureux de chanter à tue-tête…, l’éveil à la musique, l’éveil à travers la musique, c’est d’abord de partager des moments de plaisir et d’émotion. Parallèlement au développement de l’exploration vocale, les adultes eux aussi vocalisent autour du berceau de l’enfant. Le babytalk, le parlé au bébé, joue un rôle important dans la rencontre de l’enfant avec sa propre voix. Écouter est un acte extrêmement diversifié. Le rôle de l’adulte est là très important : donner des pistes. Et c’est surtout dans son investissement et ses propres capacités d’écoute et de plaisir que l’écoute va prendre forme. Rien n’est plus essentiel que de s’émerveiller. Il est de notre devoir d’offrir aux enfants des choses qu’ils ne savent pas encore qu’ils vont les aimer.
Editorial Vol. 4(1)
Authors: Wazeer Zaffarullah
Published: November 2015

Ceylon Journal of Otolaryngology Vol.4(1) 2015
Flaws And Pitfalls In Speech And Language Acquisition For Hearing Impaired Children In Special Needs Schools
Authors: Wazeer Z. , Nishanthi G.
Published: November 2015

Intensive speech and language stimulation with adequate amplification improves speech and language communication skills of hearing impaired students in special schools. The dearth of qualified professionals who understand the physiological and psychological aspects of the impairment is a major contributing factor to delay or lack of speech and language acquisition post hearing aid fitting, even when other issues seemingly become resolved.Ceylon Journal of Otolaryngology Vol.4(1) 2015 pp. 5-8
Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease in a series of Sri Lankan patients
Authors: Kirihena K. D. R. A. , Gunarathna C. K.
Published: November 2015

Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPR) occurs due to reflux of gastric contents into the larynx, pharynx and upper aerodigestivetractas a result of upper oesophageal sphincter dysfunction. Other aliases commonly used are extraesophageal reflux, reflux laryngitis or posterior laryngitis. LPR contributes up to 50% of laryngeal complaints hence; it is commonly encountered in clinical practice. LPR is present in 4-10% of those with gastro oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) while, about 20-70% with LPR has symptoms of GORD. However, there is paucity of data regarding LPR, its characteristics and associations in a Sri Lankan population. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the demographic characteristics, presenting symptoms, dietary patterns and associations and laryngoscopic findings in the study population. It also explores the relationship between the reflux symptoms index (RSI) and the reflux findings score (RFS) and the effect of treatment on the above parameters.Ceylon Journal of Otolaryngology Vol.4(1) 2015 pp.9-12
Mucormycosis in Otolaryngology - Rhino - cerebral Mucormycosis
Authors: Dayasena R. P. , Gunarathna C. K.
Published: November 2015

AimsTo identify the demography and incidence of the disease, risk factors, early presenting symptoms and signs. Moreover, to recommend early diagnostic methods with effective treatment modalities and to study the possible outcome and complications among the affected patients.MethodologyThis was a prospective study done in histologically confirmed patients affected by the disease, who presented to the ENT department in national hospital Colombo Sri Lanka over one year period.ResultsThere were eleven patients during this one year and it showed 100% association of Diabetes Mellitus. Almost all the patients had been subjected to surgical debridement in one or many occasions and associated with complications either due to disease or treatments, among the commonest of renal impairment in 47.3 % Patients.ConclusionThere were significant residual morbidity among survivors and early diagnosis is essential to avoid complication. It is important to increase the awareness about the condition among community and take preventive measures early. Ceylon Journal of Otolaryngology Vol.4(1) 2015 pp. 13-16
Use of fiber optic endoscopy for removal of upper gastrointestinal foreign bodies
Authors: Jayaweera J. M. R. G , Weerasinghe W. A. S. , Jinasena P. M. D. , Ranasinghe A. L. , Weerasooriya G. H. N. R.
Published: November 2015

Impacted foreign bodies (FB) in the upper gastrointestinal tract is a commonly encountered clinical presentation in ENT practice. They include fish bones, coins and food bolus. Currently the commonest way to remove the foreign bodies is with rigid oesophagoscope under general anesthesia. Less expensive, safer fiber-optic endoscope has been used to remove the foreign objects from the upper gastrointestinal tract during last few decades. Whether to use either rigid or fiber optic endoscopy for foreign body removal is still a controversial topic. We were able to demonstrate with evidence that fibro-optic endoscopy could be used as a first line approach in majority of the carefully selected patients, with a high success rate. Ceylon Journal of Otolaryngology Vol.4(1) 2015 pp. 17-19
Using SNOT – 22 as a decision making tool in performing Nasal Surgery
Authors: Drahaman A. M. P , Henney S. E.
Published: November 2015

No abstract availableCeylon Journal of Otolaryngology Vol.4(1) 2015 pp. 26-29
An unsuspected location for a swallowed denture
Authors: Widanage W. H. U. P. , Sirinandana W. M. V , Fernando M. R. R.
Published: November 2015

Usual presentation of an accidentally swallowed denture is odynophagia and at endoscopy the denture is seen in the upper esophagus. We report an unusual case of an impacted denture in the trachea, presented without any respiratory symptoms and removed via a technique based on direct laryngoscopy and tracheotomy. Ceylon Journal of Otolaryngology Vol.4(1) 2015 pp. 30-32
Rare presentation of Parapharyngeal schwannoma - “Dysphagia and obstructive sleep apnoea’’ and a novel approach
Authors: Ekanayake L. S. B.
Published: November 2015

Although it is rare parapharyngealschwannomas can present with Obstructive sleep apnoea and dysphagia, and in selected cases it can be removed endoscopically, with least morbidity.Ceylon Journal of Otolaryngology Vol.4(1) 2015 pp. 33-35
Complete endoscopic resection of an ossifying fibroma involving the skull base & orbit with superolateral extension upto the lateral orbital wall
Authors: Jain S. , Medikeri G.
Published: November 2015

A young girl presented to us with gradual progressive loss of vision, headache & unilateral proptosis. A CT scan revealed a radio dense mass occupying the right orbital apex & expanding laterally into the roof of the orbit & supraorbital region. The lesion was completely resected endoscopically.Ceylon Journal of Otolaryngology Vol.4(1) 2015 pp. 36-39
Twenty Five Years Of The Lions Used Hearing Equipment Project
Authors: Truluck Vic
Published: November 2015

Ceylon Journal of Otolaryngology Vol.4(1) 2015 pp. 40-43
Cutting Edge: DNA in the Lung Microenvironment during Influenza Virus Infection Tempers Inflammation by Engaging the DNA Sensor AIM2
Authors: Schattgen Stefan A. , Gao Guangping , Kurt-Jones Evelyn A. , Fitzgerald Katherine A.
Published: November 2015

Innate sensing of nucleic acids lies at the heart of antiviral immunity. During viral infection, dying cells may also release nucleic acids into the tissue microenvironment. It is unknown what effect such host signals have on the quality or duration of the immune response to viruses. In this study, we uncovered an immune-regulatory pathway that tempers the intensity of the host response to influenza A virus (IAV) infection. We found that host-derived DNA accumulates in the lung microenvironment during IAV infection. Ablation of DNA in the lung resulted in increased mortality, increased cellular recruitment, and increased inflammation following IAV challenge. The released DNA, in turn, was sensed by the DNA receptor absent in melanoma 2. Aim2−/− mice showed similarly exaggerated immune responses to IAV. Taken together, our results identify a novel mechanism of cross-talk between pathogen- and damage-associated molecular pattern–sensing pathways, wherein sensing of host-derived DNA limits immune-mediated damage to infected tissues.
Cutting Edge: IL-36 Receptor Promotes Resolution of Intestinal Damage
Authors: Medina-Contreras Oscar , Harusato Akihito , Nishio Hikaru , Flannigan Kyle L. , Ngo Vu , Leoni Giovanna , Neumann Philipp-Alexander , Geem Duke , Lili Loukia N. , Ramadas Ravisankar A. , Chassaing Benoit , Gewirtz Andrew T. , Kohlmeier Jacob E. , Parkos Charles A. , Towne Jennifer E. , Nusrat Asma , Denning Timothy L.
Published: November 2015

IL-1 family members are central mediators of host defense. In this article, we show that the novel IL-1 family member IL-36γ was expressed during experimental colitis and human inflammatory bowel disease. Germ-free mice failed to induce IL-36γ in response to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced damage, suggesting that gut microbiota are involved in its induction. Surprisingly, IL-36R–deficient (Il1rl2−/−) mice exhibited defective recovery following DSS-induced damage and impaired closure of colonic mucosal biopsy wounds, which coincided with impaired neutrophil accumulation in the wound bed. Failure of Il1rl2−/− mice to recover from DSS-induced damage was associated with a profound reduction in IL-22 expression, particularly by colonic neutrophils. Defective recovery of Il1rl2−/− mice could be rescued by an aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist, which was sufficient to restore IL-22 expression and promote full recovery from DSS-induced damage. These findings implicate the IL-36/IL-36R axis in the resolution of intestinal mucosal wounds.
On removable sets for holomorphic functions
Authors: Younsi Malik
Published: November 2015

We present a comprehensive survey on removability of compact plane sets with respect to various classes of holomorphic functions. We also discuss some applications and several open questions, some of which are new.
The crystallization conjecture: a review
Authors: Blanc Xavier , Lewin Mathieu
Published: November 2015

In this article we describe the
crystallization conjecture
. It states that, in appropriate physical conditions, interacting particles always place themselves into periodic configurations, breaking thereby the natural translation-invariance of the system. This famous problem is still largely open. Mathematically, it amounts to studying the minima of a real-valued function defined on

\mathbb R^{3N}

where

N

is the number of particles, which tends to infinity. We review the existing literature and mention several related open problems, of which many have not been thoroughly studied.
Age differences between U.S. Politicians and Their Spouses: Similar to the Super Rich or more like your average Joe?
Authors: Demetriou Andrew Marios , Pollet Thomas V.
Published: November 2015

Prior research has shown that a sample of super-wealthy men tended to marry (and remarry) younger women than the general U.S. population (Pollet, Pratt, Edwards, and Stulp; 2013). This relationship has been argued to fit with a notion of a mating market, whereby wealthy men offer access to resources in exchange for female youth. The present research examines whether or not a similar exchange relationship potentially also exists in a sample of U.S. politicians, as it is expected that male politicians might also offer resources in exchange for youth. Using data collected via Wikipedia and online news sources on ranking U.S. politicians, our data show that the difference in age between a male politician and his wife does not differ significantly from the current estimate of the general U.S. population. Male U.S. Politicians do show significantly smaller age gaps than the estimate for men from the Forbes 400, however. These results suggests that, at least in terms of the age-gap in marriage, U.S. politicians resemble the general population more than they do the economic elite, perhaps due to a pressure to conform to social norms.
Formal Approaches in Controlling White Collar Crime: The Criminal Justice System and the Regulatory System
Authors: Lee Julak
Published: November 2015

Unlike ordinary street crime, there are two formal systems of controlling white-collar crime. These systems are the criminal justice system and the regulatory system. The criminal justice system controls white-collar crime by using criminal law whereas the regulatory system depends mainly on administrative law and uses various ways such as financial penalties, product recalls, and warnings to control white-collar crime. In this paper two formal justice systems of white collar crime have been discussed. Although the criminal justice system, which is the traditional means to control white-collar crime, can be a strong way to control white-collar crime, it has some limitations. That is, the criminal justice system is difficult to apply to the corporate world and it is the reactive response against white collar crime. In contrast, although the regulatory system is the weak way to control white-collar crime, it has some strength. That is, the regulatory system is a proactive response against white collar crime and it can apply to the corporate as well as natural persons. The characteristics of the regulatory system make it better equipped to situational crime prevention theory compared to the criminal justice system.
The Effect of Authentic Versus Non-Authentic Texts on Upper Intermediate Iranian EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Retention
Authors: Nematollahi Shirin , Maghsoudi Mojtaba
Published: November 2015

In this current study the researchers have tried to investigate the possible effect of authentic and non-authentic texts on Iranian EFL learners’ vocabulary retention. Despite the great deal of studies conducted in the area of EFL/ESL learning, the effect of authentic versus non-authentic texts have almost gained little attention and been under- researched. To this end and to fill this gap, the sample selection was done by a proficiency PET (Preliminary English Test). So, out of 114 EFL learners, 74 learners both male and female were chosen as the participants to take part in the research. The findings from repeated measurement test revealed that authentic versus non-authentic texts and also the learners’ gender have no impact on EFL learners’ vocabulary retention ability.
Conflict Behavior in the Workplace: A Study of Second Generation Arab Muslim Immigrants in the United States
Authors: Al Wekhian Jamil
Published: November 2015

Multiple studies have shown that culture, religiosity, and gender influence people’s behavior in managing their conflict; however, there has been little investigation of the impact of the acculturation process on these variables utilized by second generation Arab Muslim immigrants in the United States. My study follows a sequential explanatory model with a mixed methods approach, and specifically explores the conflict management styles utilized by second generation Arab Muslim immigrants in the U.S. and how their culture, gender, and religiosity contribute to these processes. Data was collected by conducting 112 online surveys and 12 face-to-face semi-structured interviews, with the sample population stemming from the Arab Muslim communities in Columbia, Kansas City, and St. Louis, Missouri. Binary logistic regression and Chi-square tests were used to analyze this quantitative data through SPSS while thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. The resulting analysis showed that second generation immigrants tended to be more individualistic, have a lower level of religiosity, and utilize and utilize dominating as a conflict management style to handle their interpersonal conflict. Level of religiosity had a significant relationship with the obliging, compromising, integrating, avoiding, and dominating conflict management styles. Gender had a significant association with the obliging, compromising, avoiding, and dominating conflict management styles. Finally, culture had a significant predictive relationship with obliging, integrating, compromising, and dominating conflict management styles.
Investigating Factors that Influence Employees’ Turnover Intention: A Review of Existing Empirical Works
Authors: Hussein Alkahtani Ali
Published: November 2015

Why employees leave their organizations or companies has been a topic of interest to both researchers and managers. There is no doubt that turnover is costly; thus, it is important to understand what leads to such a phenomenon. Is it job satisfaction? Is it the lack of organizational commitment? Is it the lack of training? Is it the employees’ perceived support of both the supervisor/manager and the organization as a whole? Is it organizational climate? Is it organizational justice? This conceptual paper sheds some light on the relevant literature and identifies the antecedents of employees’ turnover. The paper proposes a theoretical framework that shows the variables that explain the phenomenon of turnover intention.
The Chinese “Togetherness-Separation” Paradox: An Analytical Approach to Understanding Chinese People’s Behavior and Its Implication to International Cooperation
Authors: Cerna Miguel Angel
Published: November 2015

This investigation takes an explanatory approach to Chinese paradoxical behavior and sheds light upon one the most recent findings regarding, what I called, the “togetherness-separation” paradox of the Chinese society. It includes data collected in Mainland China between 2010 and 2012 from Chinese and non-Chinese professionals working in Shanghai, Guangzhou, Hangzhou and Beijing in different fields including international trade, sourcing, logistics, compliance, quality control, supply chain consultancy, diplomacy and education. Respondents were presented with twenty-six aspects, divided in three categories, seemingly affecting cross-cultural interactions at work including Attitude (determined by values): Friendliness, being active and positive, responsibility, good demeanor, sociability, willingness to learn, flexibility, sense of humor and being humble; Education and skills (determined by education systems): Academic background, foreign language capability, mother tong, creativity, school attended, credentials, interests, communication skills, good command of English and intellectual curiosity; and Physical aspects (determined by race and clothing): Age, general appearance, gender, height, skin color, clothing, and health appearance.
The differences between Chinese and Non-Chinese managers found in this investigation, are explained based on literature review as well as on an in-depth interviews with Porf. RongYao Chen expert in Chinese organizational cultural and Porf. of Business Administration at Donghua University, Shanghai campus. Cluster analysis shows that non-Chinese professional share a common mindset regarding what they consider most and least important to carry out working cross-cultural interactions, while the Chinese professionals, as a group, show to be dispersed.
The Influence of Environmental Values on Green Purchase Behaviour: Direct, Indirect, or Both?
Authors: Tan Booi-Chen , - Nasreen-Khan , Hong Yong-Hoe , Lam Woon-Har
Published: November 2015

This paper aims to examine the influence of environmental values on green purchase behaviour through environmental attitude only, green purchase attitude only, or a combination of both from Malaysian consumers’ perspectives. The result shows that the unidimensional structure of environmental values from the combination of altruistic and biospheric values does not directly influence green purchase behaviour. It demonstrated an indirect effect on green purchase behaviour via environmental attitude (two-path mediated effect) as well as through a combination of both environmental attitude and green purchase attitude (three-path mediated effect). A specific attitude towards green purchases acts as a better predictor of green purchase behaviour, as compared to the general attitude towards the environment. This offers a useful insight to the practitioners in better formulating and implementing marketing strategy to go green in Malaysia.
Line and HR Managers’ Perceptions of HR Importance, Effectiveness and Contribution
Authors: Srimannarayana M
Published: November 2015

The present study aimed at assessing line and HR managers’ perceptions on importance, effectiveness of HR service delivery areas, HR roles and HR contribution. The data collected from 642 line managers and 194 HR managers working in different organizations in India, formed the basis for the study. The study found that HR professionals perceived higher importance, effectiveness and contributions of HR than line managers. However, both line and HR professionals recognized the importance of HR and its roles for the firm’s competitive advantage. It was observed that the effectiveness of HR in the most important areas and roles was higher, while in least important areas it was lower. This study further found that HR policies and procedures created by the HR department and their well-integrated coordination were the major contributions of HR. The study also made an attempt to find an association between HR importance, effectiveness, and contribution and nature of business, geographical orientation of the business and organizational size.
Assessing the Relative Importance of Competitive Priorities that Influence Consumers’ Choices in Mobile Phone Services
Authors: Tahir Md. Nor Hayati , Mohd. Sam Mohd Fazli , Said Mazidah , Fauzi Kamarudin Mohd
Published: November 2015

Mobile telecommunication usage is a necessity to assure that someone is connected and accessible in a network. This study focuses on the elements that influence the customer’s choice in mobile services, namely the cost/price, quality, time/delivery, flexibility, service and innovation. The objective of this study is to examine the significant importance of competitive priorities of elements that influence consumers’ choices in mobile phone services and further to rank all the elements based on the level of importance from the consumers’ points of view. The study focuses on mobile users in Melaka, Malaysia and data gathering is mechanized by a questionnaire. Data has been analyzed descriptively and further correlated and regressed. The analysis found that competitive priority elements as ranked according to priority are quality, cost, flexibility, time, service and innovation. This findings is useful for telecommunication providers towards improvement of service, as well as to achieve customers’ satisfaction.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Education and Learning, Vol. 4, No. 4
Authors: Sun Barbara
Published: November 2015

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Education and Learning, Vol. 4, No. 4, 2015
ETS family transcriptional regulators drive chromatin dynamics and malignancy in squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Yang Hanseul , Schramek Daniel , Adam Rene C , Keyes Brice E , Wang Ping , Zheng Deyou , Fuchs Elaine
Published: November 2015

Tumor-initiating stem cells (SCs) exhibit distinct patterns of transcription factors and gene expression compared to healthy counterparts. Here, we show that dramatic shifts in large open-chromatin domain (super-enhancer) landscapes underlie these differences and reflect tumor microenvironment. By in vivo super-enhancer and transcriptional profiling, we uncover a dynamic cancer-specific epigenetic network selectively enriched for binding motifs of a transcription factor cohort expressed in squamous cell carcinoma SCs (SCC-SCs). Many of their genes, including Ets2 and Elk3, are themselves regulated by SCC-SC super-enhancers suggesting a cooperative feed-forward loop. Malignant progression requires these genes, whose knockdown severely impairs tumor growth and prohibits progression from benign papillomas to SCCs. ETS2-deficiency disrupts the SCC-SC super-enhancer landscape and downstream cancer genes while ETS2-overactivation in epidermal-SCs induces hyperproliferation and SCC super-enhancer-associated genes Fos, Junb and Klf5. Together, our findings unearth an essential regulatory network required for the SCC-SC chromatin landscape and unveil its importance in malignant progression.
Modeling the Non Linear Behavior of a Magnetic Fault Current Limiter
Authors: Wilson P. R.
Published: November 2015

Fault Current Limiters are used in a wide array of applications from small circuit protection at low power levels to large scale high power applications which require superconductors and complex control circuitry. One advantage of  passive fault current limiters (FCL) is the automatic behavior that is dependent on the intrinsic properties of the circuit elements rather than on a complex feedback control scheme making this approach attractive for low cost applications and also where reliability is critical. This paper describes the behavioral modeling of a passive Magnetic FCL and its potential application in practical circuits.
The correlation between electron temperature and density in the topside ionosphere during 2006–2009
Authors: Su Fanfan , Wang Wenbin , Burns Alan G. , Yue Xinan , Zhu Fuying
Published: November 2015

Detection of Electro‐Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions satellite data have been used to investigate the global relationship between electron density (Ne) and electron temperature (Te) in the topside ionosphere (~680 km) from 2006 to 2009. Te and Ne were negatively correlated in most of the low and middle latitude regions at ~10:30 solar local time (LT). In these regions, photoelectron heating of the electrons was balanced by cooling through collisions with the ions. The negative correlation became weaker at midlatitudes, due to the increasing influence of heat conduction. The correlation was negative in most seasons during the daytime except at high latitudes in the northern winter, where a positive correlation occurred. There were wave‐like longitudinal structures in Ne and Te around the geomagnetic equator, but they had different patterns in the day and the night. However, no obvious longitudinal variations in the correlation were associated with these structures. A positive correlation occurred near the magnetic equator at ~22:30 LT, which depended on thermal equilibrium between the electrons, ions, and neutrals. A negative correlation occurred at midlatitudes. Around the September equinox, at night around the magnetic equator, the positive correlation had a wider latitudinal range. At midlatitudes, a negative correlation occurred in smaller areas than it did around the March equinox. Around the December solstice the direct nighttime coupling between Ne and Te was weaker than it was around the June solstice. The negative correlation depends on the collisions between the electrons and the ions and the heating source.
Infrasound from volcanic rockfalls
Authors: Johnson Jeffrey B. , Ronan Timothy J.
Published: November 2015

Proximal infrasound arrays can robustly track rapidly moving gravity‐driven mass wasting, which occurs commonly at erupting volcanoes. This study reports on detection, localization, and quantification of frequent small rockfalls and infrequent pyroclastic density currents descending the southeast flanks of Santiaguito's active Caliente Dome in January of 2014. Such activities are identified as moving sources, which descend several hundred meters at bulk flow speeds of up to ~10 m/s, which is considerably slower than the descent velocity of individual blocks. Infrasound rockfall signal character is readily distinguishable from explosion infrasound, which is manifested by a relatively fixed location source with lower frequency content. In contrast, the rockfalls of Santiaguito possess higher frequencies dominated by 7.5 to 20 Hz energy. During our observation periods typical rockfall signals occurred ~10 times per hour and lasted tens of seconds or more. Array beamforming permitted detection of rockfall transients with amplitudes of only a few tens of millipascals that would be impossible to distinguish from noise using a single sensor. Conjoint time‐synchronized video is used to corroborate location and to characterize various gravity‐driven events.
Chemical transport of neutral atmospheric constituents by waves and turbulence: Theory and observations
Authors: Gardner Chester S. , Liu Alan Z.
Published: November 2015

Vertical chemical transport occurs when the density fluctuations of a species, caused by perturbations of its chemistry, are strongly correlated with the vertical wind fluctuations. Chemical transport can exceed dynamical and eddy transport of chemically active species. Theoretical expressions are derived for the chemical fluxes and transport velocities and used to characterize the vertical transport of mesospheric O3 and meteoric Na and Fe between 85 and 100 km. Chemical transport is dependent on the intrinsic frequency spectrum of the temperature fluctuations and on the chemical cutoff periods of the species. For O3 only high‐frequency fluctuations contribute to chemical transport because slower, larger‐amplitude density perturbations are damped by chemistry. The cutoff periods for O3 range from ~15 min during the day when photolysis is important to ~200 min at night. The chemical transport velocities of Na and Fe are proportional to the O3, O2+, and NO+ densities above 85 km. For O3, Na, and Fe the magnitudes of the vertical transport velocity can be as large as 10 cm/s, and they exhibit strong diurnal variations. O3 chemical transport is downward at night and upward during the day. Na and Fe chemical transport are largely upward with the strongest upward velocities at night near 85 and 100 km.