bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endurance exercise decreases protein synthesis and ER-mitochondria contacts in mouse skeletal muscle
Authors: Merle Audrey , Jollet Maxence , Britto Florian A. , Goustard Bénédicte , Bendridi Nadia , Rieusset Jennifer , Ollendorff Vincent , Favier François B.
Published: September 2019

Exercise is important to maintain skeletal muscle mass through stimulation of protein synthesis, which is a major ATP-consuming process for cells. However, muscle cells have to face high energy demand during contraction. The present study aimed to investigate protein synthesis regulation during aerobic exercise in mouse hindlimb muscles. Male C57Bl/6J mice ran at 12 m/min for 45 min or at 12 m/min for the first 25 min followed by a progressive increase in velocity up to 20 m/min for the last 20 min. Animals were injected intraperitoneally with 40 nmol/g of body weight of puromycin and euthanized by cervical dislocation immediately after exercise cessation. Analysis of gastrocnemius, plantaris, quadriceps, soleus, and tibialis anterior muscles revealed a decrease in protein translation assessed by puromycin incorporation, without significant differences among muscles or running intensities. The reduction of protein synthesis was associated with a marked inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)-dependent phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1, a mechanism consistent with reduced translation initiation. A slight activation of AMP-activated protein kinase consecutive to the running session was measured but did not correlate with mTORC1 inhibition. More importantly, exercise resulted in a strong upregulation of regulated in development and DNA damage 1 (REDD1) protein and gene expressions, whereas transcriptional regulation of other recognized exercise-induced genes ( IL-6, kruppel-like factor 15, and regulator of calcineurin 1) did not change. Consistently with the recently discovered role of REDD1 on mitochondria-associated membranes, we observed a decrease in mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum interaction following exercise. Collectively, these data raise questions concerning the role of mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane disruption in the regulation of muscle proteostasis during exercise and, more generally, in cell adaptation to metabolic stress.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY How muscles regulate protein synthesis to cope with the energy demand during contraction is poorly documented. Moreover, it is unknown whether protein translation is differentially affected among mouse hindlimb muscles under different physiological exercise modalities. We showed here that 45 min of running decreases puromycin incorporation similarly in 5 different mouse muscles. This decrease was associated with a strong increase in regulated in development and DNA damage 1 protein expression and a significant disruption of the mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum interaction.
A Semi-Automated Usability Evaluation Framework for Interactive Image Segmentation Systems
Authors: Amrehn Mario , Steidl Stefan , Kortekaas Reinier , Strumia Maddalena , Weingarten Markus , Kowarschik Markus , Maier Andreas
Published: September 2019

For complex segmentation tasks, the achievable accuracy of fully automated systems is inherently limited. Specifically, when a precise segmentation result is desired for a small amount of given data sets, semi-automatic methods exhibit a clear benefit for the user. The optimization of human computer interaction (HCI) is an essential part of interactive image segmentation. Nevertheless, publications introducing novel interactive segmentation systems (ISS) often lack an objective comparison of HCI aspects. It is demonstrated that even when the underlying segmentation algorithm is the same throughout interactive prototypes, their user experience may vary substantially. As a result, users prefer simple interfaces as well as a considerable degree of freedom to control each iterative step of the segmentation. In this article, an objective method for the comparison of ISS is proposed, based on extensive user studies. A summative qualitative content analysis is conducted via abstraction of visual and verbal feedback given by the participants. A direct assessment of the segmentation system is executed by the users via the system usability scale (SUS) and AttrakDiff-2 questionnaires. Furthermore, an approximation of the findings regarding usability aspects in those studies is introduced, conducted solely from the system-measurable user actions during their usage of interactive segmentation prototypes. The prediction of all questionnaire results has an average relative error of 8.9%, which is close to the expected precision of the questionnaire results themselves. This automated evaluation scheme may significantly reduce the resources necessary to investigate each variation of a prototype’s user interface (UI) features and segmentation methodologies.
Optimization of Magnesium Alloy Wheel Dynamic Impact Performance
Authors: Jiang Xin , Liu Hai , Lyu Rui , Fukushima Yoshio , Kawada Naoki , Zhang Zhenglai , Ju Dongying
Published: September 2019

Designing lightweight and comfortable automotive vehicles is a primary aim of the industry. Lightweight wheel designs can have a negative effect on the dynamic impact performance of the wheel; therefore, striking a balance between these two factors is a key objective in the design of automotive vehicles. Magnesium alloy wheels were investigated as magnesium alloy has damping performance advantages over some metal materials. Damping test methods were designed to establish the damping performance parameters of the magnesium alloy material. A finite element analysis model of magnesium alloy wheels was established with certain boundary conditions and constraints. The applicability of the model was verified by free modal evaluation of the wheel. Dynamic impact simulation analysis of the designed wheels was carried out, and the dynamic speed responses of magnesium alloy wheels under the impact of a dynamic load on the road surface were obtained. Comparison of the dynamic impact performance of magnesium and aluminum alloy wheels with the same structure showed that the magnesium alloy wheel achieved the target weight reduction of 32.3%; however, the dynamic impact performance was reduced. In order to realize the lightweight design, the dynamic impact performance of the magnesium alloy wheel should not be inferior to that of the aluminum alloy wheel; therefore, the design of the magnesium alloy wheel structure was optimized. The structural design optimization of the magnesium alloy wheel was carried out by defining the structural parameters of the wheel and using the acceleration and shock response of the wheel as the outputs. The optimization of weight reduction and dynamic impact performance of magnesium alloy wheels was achieved. Consequently, the designed magnesium alloy wheel was shown to have improved ride comfort while satisfying wheel structural performance standards and providing lightweight design.
A Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Method Based on EMD and Quantile Permutation Entropy
Authors: Chen Qiang-qiang , Dai Shao-wu , Dai Hong-de
Published: September 2019

The vibration signals resulting from rolling bearings are nonlinear and nonstationary, and an approach for the fault diagnosis of rolling bearings using the quantile permutation entropy and EMD (empirical mode decomposition) is proposed. Firstly, the EMD is used to decompose the rolling bearings vibration signal, and several IMFs (intrinsic mode functions) spanning different scales are obtained. Secondly, aiming at the shortcomings of the permutation entropy algorithm, a new permutation entropy algorithm based on sample quantile is proposed, and the quantile permutation entropy of the first few IMFs, which contain the main fault information, is calculated. The quantile permutation entropies are accordingly seen as the characteristic vector and then input to the particle swarm optimization and support vector machine. Finally, the proposed method is applied to the experimental data. The analysis results show that the proposed approach can effectively achieve fault diagnosis of rolling bearings.
Mask-Pix2Pix Network for Overexposure Region Recovery of Solar Image
Authors: Zhao Dong , Xu Long , Chen Linjie , Yan Yihua , Duan Ling-Yu
Published: September 2019

Overexposure may happen for imaging of solar observation as extremely violet solar bursts occur, which means that signal intensity goes beyond the dynamic range of imaging system of a telescope, resulting in loss of signal. For example, during solar flare, Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) of Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) often records overexposed images/videos, resulting loss of fine structures of solar flare. This paper makes effort to retrieve/recover missing information of overexposure by exploiting deep learning for its powerful nonlinear representation which makes it widely used in image reconstruction/restoration. First, a new model, namely, mask-Pix2Pix network, is proposed for overexposure recovery. It is built on a well-known Pix2Pix network of conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN). In addition, a hybrid loss function, including an adversarial loss, a masked L1 loss and a edge mass loss/smoothness, are integrated together for addressing challenges of overexposure relative to conventional image restoration. Moreover, a new database of overexposure is established for training the proposed model. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed mask-Pix2Pix network can well recover missing information of overexposure and outperforms the state of the arts originally designed for image reconstruction tasks.
Melatonin Rescued Reactive Oxygen Species-Impaired Osteogenesis of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Presence of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha
Authors: Qiu Xianjian , Wang Xudong , Qiu Jincheng , Zhu Yuanxin , Liang Tongzhou , Gao Bo , Wu Zizhao , Lian Chengjie , Peng Yan , Liang Anjing , Su Peiqiang , Huang Dongsheng
Published: September 2019

Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can be induced by inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), can significantly inhibit the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). This process can contribute to the imbalance of bone remodeling, which ultimately leads to osteoporosis. Therefore, reducing the ROS generation during osteogenesis of BMSCs may be an effective way to reverse the impairment of osteogenesis. Melatonin (MLT) has been reported to act as an antioxidant during cell proliferation and differentiation, but its antioxidant effect and mechanism of action during osteogenesis of MSCs in the inflammatory microenvironment, especially in the presence of TNF-α, remain unknown and need further study. In our study, we demonstrate that melatonin can counteract the generation of ROS and the inhibitory osteogenesis of BMSCs induced by TNF-α, by upregulating the expression of antioxidases and downregulating the expression of oxidases. Meanwhile, MLT can inhibit the phosphorylation of p65 protein and block the degradation of IκBα protein, thus decreasing the activity of the NF-κB pathway. This study confirmed that melatonin can inhibit the generation of ROS during osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and reverse the inhibition of osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro, suggesting that melatonin can antagonize TNF-α-induced ROS generation and promote the great effect of osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Accordingly, these findings provide more evidence that melatonin can be used as a candidate drug for the treatment of osteoporosis.
Emotional Intelligence in Children with Severe Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders
Authors: Operto Francesca Felicia , Precenzano Francesco , Bitetti Ilaria , Lanzara Valentina , Fontana Maria Lorena , Pastorino Grazia Maria Giovanna , Carotenuto Marco , Pisani Francesco , Polito Anna Nunzia , Smirni Daniela , Roccella Michele
Published: September 2019

Background. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) affects up to 4% of a pediatric population, with many comorbidities in the medium-long term. Functional alterations in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) may explain why OSAS impacts aspects such as executive functions, memory, motor control, attention, visual-spatial skills, learning, and mood regulation. Emotional intelligence (EI) is a complex neuropsychological function that could be impaired in many clinical conditions. Purpose. The aim of the study is to evaluate the difference in emotional intelligence skills among children with OSAS and healthy subjects (nOSAS). Methods. 129 children (72 males; mean age 7.64±1.98 years) affected by OSAS were compared to 264 non-OSAS (nOSAS) children (138 males; mean age 7.98±2.13) similar for gender, age, and socioeconomic status. In order to assess the emotional quotient, the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory: Youth Version (EQ-i:YV) was used. Results. The comparison for means and standard deviation between OSAS children and nOSAS children for EQ-i:YV scores showed significant differences for Interpersonal, Adaptability, and Stress Management scales and EQ Total score. Conclusions. Our findings highlighted the role of intermittent hypoxia in the genesis of the effects of sleep-related respiratory disorders, which involves also aspects different from physical impairments.
A Holistic Review of Public‐Private Partnership Literature Published between 2008 and 2018
Authors: Ma Liang , Li Junning , Jin Ruoyu , Ke Yongjian
Published: September 2019

Adopting a holistic approach in the review of the public‐private partnership (PPP) literature published since 2008 by incorporating scientometric analysis and further systematic analysis, this study aims to provide the big picture of the state‐of‐the‐art research in PPP by addressing major issues and suggesting research trends in PPP. Following a three‐step research methodology, this study started from a bibliometric analysis with science mapping to provide the state‐of‐the‐art information on PPP research keywords, scholars, journal articles, institutions, and countries. A further systematic review was also conducted to identify future research directions of PPP in project management. The review of the existing literature in PPP revealed that there had been insufficient systematic approach in summarizing the research topics and proposing new research trends in PPP‐related project management. It was further indicated that sustainability and innovation in PPP could be further studied, such as integrating building information modeling with PPP. Factors related to barriers in PPP implementation would continue growing. Future research directions in PPP were also proposed following the systematic review, for example, comparative studies of PPP practice between developing and developed countries. The current study provides a comprehensive approach by integrating bibliometric analysis, science mapping, and qualitative analysis in the latest PPP research. It reveals the contemporary research themes in PPP and provides directions for near‐future directions of PPP research in project management.
Bone Remineralization around Dental Implants following Conservative Treatment after Peri-Implantitis
Authors: Puisys Algirdas , Auzbikaviciute Viktorija , Simkunaite-Rizgeliene Renata , Razukevicius Dainius , Linkevicius Rokas , Linkevicius Tomas
Published: September 2019

The aim of this case report is to show that bone remineralization around dental implants with a history of peri-implantitis is possible after irritant factors are removed and only conservative treatment is performed. Patient came to the clinic after three years of dental implant placement complaining about swelling, sensitivity and gingiva color changes at the posterior part of the maxilla. During radiographic and intraoral examinations peri-implantitis of the #24 implant site was diagnosed. The surgical treatment method was rejected and performed conservative treatment instead. The outcome is promising; periapical radiographs three months later showed bone remineralization as well as stable bone after 10 years. A key clinical message: Bone remineralization around dental implants with a history of peri-implantitis is possible after irritant factors are removed and conservative treatment performed.
Fungal Infection following Total Elbow Arthroplasty
Authors: Ornell Samuel S. , Dang Khang H. , Bois Aaron J. , Dutta Anil K.
Published: September 2019

A specific treatment protocol for managing fungal infections after total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) does not currently exist. The purpose of this report is to describe our experience and outline our treatment algorithm for a rare case of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) following a TEA. We present a case of a PJI due to Candida parapsilosis after TEA in a 57 year-old Caucasian woman with a history of hypertension, depression, and three previous surgical procedures to the affected limb. A fungal PJI by the organism C. parapsilosis following TEA has not been previously reported. Successful eradication of the fungal infection was achieved utilizing resection arthroplasty; placement of an amphotericin, vancomycin, and tobramycin-impregnated cement spacer; and 6 months of organism-specific antifungal medication. Although the patient was clinically ready for reimplantation, she passed away due to unrelated issues before reimplantation could be performed. While PJI is a devastating complication following TEA, a fungal infection is a rare complication that imposes difficult challenges to the treating surgeon. With our case report, we hope to contribute to the overall knowledge of fungal infections associated with TEA and describe our successful treatment of this complex case.
Trapezoid Fracture Associated with Scaphoid Fracture in a Football Goalkeeper
Authors: Yamamoto Tetsuya , Matsushita Takehiko , Ito Kenjiro , Matsushima Shinji , Yoshida Kazuya , Kuroda Ryosuke
Published: September 2019

Introduction. Trapezoid fractures are uncommon in sports. We presented a rare case of a trapezoid fracture associated with a scaphoid fracture caused by punching a ball in a football goalkeeper. Case Presentation. A 19-year-old male who played as a football goalkeeper visited our hospital with complaints of sustained pain from the right wrist to the hand after punching a ball. Scaphoid fracture was diagnosed on plain radiographs, whereas trapezoid fracture was overlooked. Computed tomography revealed a displaced trapezoid fracture associated with a scaphoid fracture. Both fractures were successfully treated by open reduction and internal fixation using cannulated screws. Almost complete bone union was achieved at 5 months after surgery. The patient returned to play as a football goalkeeper. Conclusion. The simultaneous occurrence of trapezoid and scaphoid fractures has never been reported. Trapezoid fractures are rare and can be overlooked on plain radiographs, as what happened in the present case, because the trapezoid is small and overlaps with other carpal bones on plain radiographs. If there is sustained pain in the wrist and hand after punching, combined trapezoid and scaphoid fractures should be considered as the possible injury.
Role of HPV Genotype, Multiple Infections, and Viral Load on the Risk of High-Grade Cervical Neoplasia
Authors: Adcock Rachael , Cuzick Jack , Hunt William C. , McDonald Ruth M. , Wheeler Cosette M. , Joste Nancy E. , Kinney Walter , Wheeler Cosette M. , Hunt William C. , McDonald Ruth M. , Robertson Michael , Waxman Alan , Jenison Steven , Gage Julia C. , Castle Philip E. , Benard Vicki , Saslow Debbie , Kim Jane J. , Stoler Mark H. , Cuzick Jack , Pressley Giovanna Rossi , English Kevin
Published: September 2019

Background:

Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing provides a much more sensitive method of detection for high-grade lesions than cytology, but specificity is low. Here, we explore the extent to which full HPV genotyping, viral load, and multiplicity of types can be used to improve specificity.

Methods:

A population-based sample of 47,120 women undergoing cervical screening was tested for 13 high-risk HPV genotypes. Positive predictive values (PPV) for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 or worse (CIN2+; N = 3,449) and CIN3 or worse (CIN3+; N = 1,475) over 3 years of follow-up were estimated for HPV genotype and viral load. Weighted multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds of CIN2+ or CIN3+ according to genotype, multiplicity of types, and viral load.

Results:

High-risk HPV was detected in 15.4% of women. A hierarchy of HPV genotypes based on sequentially maximizing PPVs for CIN3+ found HPV16>33>31 to be the most predictive, followed sequentially by HPV18>35>58>45>52>59>51>39>56>68. After adjusting for higher ranked genotypes, the inclusion of multiple HPV infections added little to risk prediction. High viral loads for HPV18, 35, 52, and 58 carried more risk than low viral loads for HPV16, 31, and 33. High viral load for HPV16 was significantly more associated with CIN3+ than low viral load.

Conclusions:

HPV genotype and viral load, but not multiplicity of HPV infections, are important predictors of CIN2+ and CIN3+.

Impact:

The ability to identify women at higher risk of CIN2+ and CIN3+ based on both HPV genotype and viral load could be important for individualizing triage plans, particularly as HPV becomes the primary screening test.
AXL Targeting Overcomes Human Lung Cancer Cell Resistance to NK- and CTL-Mediated Cytotoxicity
Authors: Terry Stéphane , Abdou Abderemane , Engelsen Agnete S.T. , Buart Stéphanie , Dessen Philippe , Corgnac Stéphanie , Collares Davi , Meurice Guillaume , Gausdal Gro , Baud Véronique , Saintigny Pierre , Lorens James B. , Thiery Jean-Paul , Mami-Chouaib Fathia , Chouaib Salem
Published: September 2019

Immune resistance may arise from both genetic instability and tumor heterogeneity. Microenvironmental stresses such as hypoxia and various resistance mechanisms promote carcinoma cell plasticity. AXL, a member of the TAM (Tyro3, Axl, and Mer) receptor tyrosine kinase family, is widely expressed in human cancers and increasingly recognized for its role in cell plasticity and drug resistance. To investigate mechanisms of immune resistance, we studied multiple human lung cancer clones derived from a model of hypoxia-induced tumor plasticity that exhibited mesenchymal or epithelial features. We demonstrate that AXL expression is increased in mesenchymal lung cancer clones. Expression of AXL in the cells correlated with increased cancer cell–intrinsic resistance to both natural killer (NK)– and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)–mediated killing. A small-molecule targeting AXL sensitized mesenchymal lung cancer cells to cytotoxic lymphocyte–mediated killing. Mechanistically, we showed that attenuation of AXL-dependent immune resistance involved a molecular network comprising NF-κB activation, increased ICAM1 expression, and upregulation of ULBP1 expression coupled with MAPK inhibition. Higher ICAM1 and ULBP1 tumor expression correlated with improved patient survival in two non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cohorts. These results reveal an AXL-mediated immune-escape regulatory pathway, suggest AXL as a candidate biomarker for tumor resistance to NK and CTL immunity, and support AXL targeting to optimize immune response in NSCLC.
Development and Validation of Equations to Estimate 24-H Urinary Sodium Excretion from Urine Samples of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: De Vico Ribeiro Bruna , Baggio Nerbass Fabiana , Chaud Hallvass Andrea Emanuela , Pecoits-Filho Roberto , Cuppari Lilian
Published: September 2019

Introduction: The assessment of sodium intake is difficult due to low accuracy of dietary records and to the inconvenience of 24-h urine collections. Therefore, equations based on spot urine samples have been proposed to estimate sodium intake. In this study, we aimed to develop and to validate equations to estimate 24-h urinary sodium excretion (24hUNa) from several urine samples in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 76 CKD patients (males 55.3%; age: 64.5 [56.0–69.0] years; glomerular filtration rate 27.8 [24.7–32.1] mL/min). Sodium excretion was measured in 12-h daytime and 12-h nighttime collections; spot 1 (first urine of the day) and spot 2 (second urine of the day). By multivariable linear regression analysis, 4 equations were developed. The equations’ accuracy was evaluated by P30 test. Association between estimated and measured 24hUNa was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC); mean differences and limits of agreement by Bland-Altman plot. Data from 51 CKD patients of other CKD outpatient clinic were used to validate the equation developed from spot 2. Results: The 4 equations showed significant (p < 0.001) ICC and relatively good accuracy when compared to 24hUNa (Daytime: ICC = 0.89; P30 = 84%; Nighttime: ICC = 0.90; P30 = 83%; spot 1: ICC = 0.85; P30 = 78%; and spot 2: ICC = 0.70; P30 = 76%). In validation set, the equation from spot 2 was moderately accurate (P30 = 67%). Mean bias and ICC were 19.9 mmol/day and 0.58 (p = 0.001), respectively. A high sensitivity (97%) and specificity (89%) were found for a cutoff of 3.6 g of sodium/day. Conclusion: Equations derived from 12 h collections better performed than spot urine when compared to gold standard 24hUNa. The equation from spot 2 showed good sensitivity to identify excessive sodium intake.
Analytical Evaluation of the Human Papillomavirus HPV DNA Array E1-Based Genotyping Assay
Authors: Pesic Aleksandra , Krings Amrei , Schreckenberger Carola , Hempel Matthias , Preyer Rosemarie , Kaufmann Andreas M.
Published: September 2019

Background: Cervical cancer is caused by a persistent infection of human papillomavirus (HPV). Therefore, tests which detect the carcinogenic virus can be used for cervical cancer screening. Objective: This is the first evaluation of the HPV DNA Array (AID Diagnostika, Strassberg, Germany), an E1-based genotyping polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for identification of 29 HPV types (6, 11, 16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 40, 42, 44, 45, 51, 52, 53, 54, 56, 58, 59, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 73, 82, 85, and 97). Methods: Analytical performance of the assay was assessed with cervical cancer cell lines with known HPV status, and preselected clinical cervical scrapings genotyped by multiplexed genotyping (MPG) with a Luminex readout (validated in-house assay). Intra- and inter-laboratory reproducibility experiments were performed to ensure the reliability of the assay. Results: HPV DNA Array identified the intrinsic HPV genotype in all cervical cancer cell lines and demonstrated a high sensitivity for HPV16 probe (1 cell per PCR reaction), as well as HPV18 and 45 probes (100 cells per PCR reaction). When compared with MPG, HPV DNA Array showed a good agreement of 92.2% for HPV detection irrespective of type (κ = 0.601), and demonstrated high agreement for HPV16 (80.7%, κ = 0.836) and HPV18 (86.7%, κ = 0.925). Furthermore, high intra-/inter-laboratory reproducibility was observed (90.9–100%). Conclusion: HPV DNA Array showed high sensitivity for correct HPV genotype detection in experimental and clinical samples with a good correlation to the reference test. Since HPV DNA Array is based on a simple multiplexed PCR followed by reverse hybridization in a 96-well format and automated visual readout by AID ELISpot reader, it is capable of high throughput in a time-effective manner. HPV DNA Array could be considered for extended HPV genotyping of cervical smears.
Nucleoporin 107 Promotes the Survival of Tumor Cells in Cervical Cancers
Authors: Shi Rui , Xu Liang , Huang Li , Cheng Jing-Xin
Published: September 2019

Aims: Recent studies indicate that in addition to the construction of nuclear pore complex, nucleoporin (NUP)107 is actively involved in the pathogenesis of numerous cancer types, but the role of NUP107 in cervical carcinoma cells remains unknown. Methods: We examined the expression of NUP107 in 30 cases of cervical carcinoma using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunoblots. NUP107 stably overexpressing cell line was established to examine the function of NUP107 in cell viability, TUNEL assay, wound healing assay, 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine incorporation, and oxidative stress. Results: NUP107 expression was significantly increased in the cervical carcinoma tissues, compared with their corresponding adjacent normal tissues. Overexpression of NUP107 conferred the cervical cancer cells with significant resistance to oxidative insult, but it had no effects on the migration and proliferation. This pro-survival function of NUP107 was associated with the elevated expression of Bcl-2, the activation of Akt signaling, and increased expression of nucleocytoplasmic transport factors. Silencing of NUP107 increased the sensitivity of cervical cancer cells to oxidative challenge, thereby inducing the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. Conclusion: NUP107 is significantly increased in cervical tissues and confers the cervical cancer cells with resistance to oxidative damage. These results provide an important role for specific NUP in mediating cervical cancer.
Regularização fundiária e as unidades de conservação no Brasil: um desencontro histórico
Authors: Ferreira Gustavo Henrique Cepolini
Published: September 2019

O artigo apresenta um breve panorama dos conflitos no campo brasileiro dialogando com a concepção de Unidades de Conservação (UC) existente no Brasil. Para isso, retoma ainda, a gênese das Unidades de Conservação no cenário mundial e as estratégias do movimento ambientalista no país. Dessa forma, compreende-se o contraditório desencontro entre a luta pela terra e as Unidades de Conservação, as quais estão norteadas por diferentes entendimentos, que por vezes, transgridem a história e a organização territorial brasileira; fazendo com que o acirramento e os conflitos de fato, sejam agravados, sobretudo, pela constatação de que há uma irregularidade fundiária histórica, sobretudo, nos Parques Nacionais – UC de Proteção Integral, que segundo o Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação (SNUC) devem ser de posse e domínio da União. Nesse contexto, apresenta-se os dados oficiais referentes à irregularidade fundiária dessas UCs e o desencontro existente em políticas públicas autoritárias, as quais representam diferentes discursos e interesses  que agravam a gestão territorial e ambiental no país, seguido de uma eminente contrarreforma agrária no Brasil.
Pequeno panegírico para José de Anchieta, o cenógrafo
Authors: Viana Fausto
Published: September 2019

Não há resumo.
Uma agudeza Alencarina
Authors: Chauvin Jean Pierre
Published: September 2019

Neste artigo, propõe-se relativizar as categorias de sinceridade, espontaneidade e nacionalismo, que se costumam atribuir aos escritores da “escola romântica” no Brasil. A partir da leitura de O Guarani (1857), propõe-se interpretar o texto alencarino, destacando-se os artifícios empregados pelo escritor na composição do romance.
Pro inferno do inconsciente
Authors: Rente Renata Santos
Published: September 2019

O romance Essa Terra dramatiza o conflito entre as expectativas positivas em relação ao progresso e o modo como ele se impõe com violência gerando crises agudas, sofrimento, loucura e morte. O desfecho da trajetória de Nelo, personagem que depois de vinte anos vivendo em São Paulo retorna à terra natal e se suicida, suscita uma série de indagações acerca do sentido do processo social do qual a migração é momento. Neste artigo propomos uma análise da configuração trágica do romance tendo em vista a complexidade da experiência que ele formaliza e os vínculos dessa experiência com um processo mais geral de imposição das relações sociais capitalistas, considerando a particularidade dessa imposição no contexto da formação nacional brasileira. O infortúnio dos personagens e os conflitos que eles vivenciam tanto externa quanto internamente configuram uma experiência que podemos reconhecer como trágica à medida que recompomos os vínculos entre a dimensão pessoal e social da experiência. Destacamos, em especial, a presença da culpa para examinar como o romance dramatiza a formação do sujeito moderno, ao mesmo tempo dotado e destituído de autonomia, aspecto que nos parece decisivo para apreender a experiência trágica que nos é contemporânea.
Aspectos trágicos de Lavoura arcaica
Authors: Arnoult Thiago
Published: September 2019

O presente artigo consiste num esforço de compreensão do caráter trágico do romance Lavoura arcaica (publicado em 1975), do escritor paulista Raduan Nassar. Tal inquirição deverá estar atenta para a maneira pela qual o trágico vem a compor o texto de Nassar, observando como o gênero e o conceito de ‘tragédia’ assumem uma configuração específica, incorporando ao romance aspectos ‘arcaicos’ e ‘modernos’ da noção de tragédia.
A Liberdade nos Trópicos: Presença do existencialismo em Angústia, de Graciliano Ramos
Authors: Silva Victor Leandro da , Lopes Matheus Cascaes
Published: September 2019

a obra de Graciliano Ramos sempre se notabilizou por expressar, por meio de um estilo direto e objeto, os mais intenso conflitos humanos, bem como os embates políticos e sociais que permeiam os grupos humanos por ele observados e que compõem o seu universo ficcional. Em Angústia, o escritor alagoano revela ainda uma outra face de sua produção, fortemente arraigada à problemática da existência humana em seus condicionamentos fundamentais. O presente texto visa discutir de que maneira a obra de Graciliano Ramos dialoga com a grande tradição do romance existencialista, bem como ofereceu pontos singulares de repercussão das ideias deste movimento.
São Bernardo: uma tragédia moderna na periferia capitalista
Authors: Bustamante Fernando
Published: September 2019

O artigo propõe uma análise dos elementos trágicos do romance São Bernardo, de Graciliano Ramos, pautando-se fundamentalmente na compreensão de tragédia proposta por Raymond Williams. Para tanto, procura entender o trágico à luz das novas relações e leis - não mais os sentidos metafísicos da Antiguidade, mas sim o princípio da propriedade privada e da mercadoria que regem a sociedade capitalista -, estabelecendo uma relação de significação entre o particular e os sentidos gerais contemporâneos. Nesse caso, como Paulo Honório representa o “princípio geral” da ordem capitalista e Madalena figura como uma heroína trágica a contestar este.
A hora dos ruminantes, de José J. Veiga
Authors: Amâncio Flaviana Mesquita
Published: September 2019

O artigo busca desenvolver a hipótese de que o romance A hora dos ruminantes, de José J. Veiga, reelabora de forma consequente os impasses da modernização do Brasil na segunda metade do século XX. O argumento chave é o de que o cerne do romance está na forma como os munícipes dessas pequenas cidades do interior do país, como a isolada Manarairema, reconfiguram sua realidade frente a um cenário de rápidas transformações. Atribuindo à modernidade ora a insígnia do progresso e da eliminação da miséria, ora da morte dos antigos costumes e tradições, os manarairenses recorrem à idealização de um passado tranquilo no campo. Mas essa reconfiguração da realidade não se restringe a um sentimento de nostalgia: os bois e cachorros que invadem a cidade ao fim do romance, misturando elementos familiares da vida rural e fantasia, são prenúncio de uma grande mudança: a modernização. Sugere-se, no artigo, que o insólito em Veiga pode estar ligado a uma construção figurativa que se aproxima mais de nossa realidade concreta do que a um mundo fantasioso.
Linguagem, sexualidade e Desrazão em “Atrás da catedral de Ruão”, de Mário de Andrade
Authors: Silva Simone Rodrigues Vianna
Published: September 2019

O presente artigo propõe uma leitura do conto “Atrás da catedral de Ruão” (presente na obra Contos novos), do autor modernista Mário de Andrade, a partir da análise da materialidade linguística do texto, especificamente o modo como as três “línguas”, a saber, o português brasileiro, o francês e a “meia-língua franco-brasileira” (ANDRADE, 2015), são utilizadas pelas personagens e pelo narrador, para ora encobrir, ora revelar a sexualidade da preceptora e de suas alunas. Propõe, também, a análise da transposição, pela personagem principal, Mademoiselle, de sua lisière (limite) do desejo sexual, por tanto tempo recalcado, rompendo os limites do socialmente aceitável e, especialmente, do racional, como um ato de desrazão, e não de loucura. Essa análise dialoga com o conceito de “Desrazão” do filósofo Peter Pál Pelbart (1993), que o contrapõe à Loucura, não aplicável à protagonista, e tem como pano de fundo conceitos da psicanálise freudiana.
Desalento no riso: a perspectiva trágica no teatro de Nelson Rodrigues
Authors: Medeiros Elen De
Published: September 2019

Desalento no riso: a perspectiva trágica no teatro de Nelson Rodrigues
Fragmentos de/sobre Samuel Beckett
Authors: Hansen João Adolfo
Published: September 2019

Fragmentos de/sobre Samuel Beckett
Oduvaldo Vianna Filho e a tragédia
Authors: Betti Maria Sílvia
Published: September 2019

Oduvaldo Vianna Filho e a tragédia
Morphology of the lateral fields of the infective juvenile of the entomopathogenic family Steinernematidae (Nematoda) using high pressure freezing (HPF)
Authors: Mráček Zdeněk , Nermut’ Jiří , Tesařová Martina , Půža Vladimír
Published: September 2019

The lateral field pattern of infective juveniles of the nematode family Steinernematidae is an important taxonomic character. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows the number of ridges and lines or incisures clearly, but does not provide other details. In the present study, ten species from six clades of Steinernematidae have been studied for their lateral field morphology using SEM and high pressure freezing (HPF) with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Both methods indicated the same number of ridges and lines, although HPF/TEM resulted in a more detailed morphology with differences between the species. The tips of the ridges are either finely rounded or pointed and the lines are V-shaped or have a broadened bottom. These characters represent an additional pattern that may be characteristic for some species within the phylogenetic clades. Further studies of the lateral field morphology of other species is needed to ascertain whether each pattern is clade specific and phylogenetically valuable.
Nematicidal activity of ethanol solutions on soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines
Authors: Pedroso Luma A. , Campos Vicente P. , Barros Aline F. , Silva Julio C.P. , Assis Gustavo M. , Ribeiro Clerio R.
Published: September 2019

The cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, is a major pathogen of soybean in tropical regions, which demands novel sustainable management practices. In this work, the use of ethanol against H. glycines was evaluated as both a solution and a fumigant. On second-stage juveniles (J2) of H. glycines, ethanol at low concentration was more effective by direct dipping than by only fumigating the J2. Hatching was significantly reduced by direct dipping in ethanol solutions. Fumigation of H. glycines-infested soil with ethanol reduced infectivity by almost 100% and the number of eggs by about 67% at ethanol concentrations of 48% and 72%, respectively. Only the ethanol at 48% concentration significantly reduced the J2 lipid content, while J2 infectivity and the number of eggs were reduced by dipping at 6% ethanol. The J2 were internally altered by the ethanol solutions. Therefore, ethanol is toxic to H. glycines at low concentrations and affects its pathogenic behaviour rather than simply reducing the lipids.
Talitrus saltator (Montagu, 1808), a species complex (Amphipoda, Senticaudata, Talitroidea, Talitridae)
Authors: LOWRY J.K. , MYERS A.A.
Published: September 2019

The frequently studied amphipod genus Talitrus Latreille, 1802, long thought to be monotypic is shown here to include three species. Two species had already been recognized as distinct species. Talitrus cloquetii Audouin, 1826 and T. platycheles Guérin, 1832, but both had long been reduced to synonymy with T. saltator. All three species are described and figured and a key is provided for their identification. Because of the extensive literature associated with the name Talitrus saltator (sensu lato) we have attempted to assign published records to their appropriate species.
Two new land planarian species (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Geoplanidae) from protected areas in southern Brazil
Authors: BOLL PITER KEHOMA , DO AMARAL SILVANA VARGAS , LEAL-ZANCHET ANA MARIA
Published: September 2019

We describe two new species of Neotropical land planarians found in protected areas of the Atlantic Forest in southern Brazil. Cratera obsidiana Amaral, Boll & Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., found in the State Park of Turvo, is the first species of the genus Cratera described from an area of deciduous seasonal forest. It can be distinguished from its congeners by the uniformly black dorsal color and the prostatic vesicle with proximal portion laterally expanded and directed upward. Luteostriata subtilis Boll, Amaral & Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., found in the National Park of Aparados da Serra, in an area covered by Araucaria moist forest, is distinguished from its congeners by only two conspicuous longitudinal stripes on the dorsal surface of the body and a large fold in the male atrium below the opening of the ejaculatory duct. We also provide an updated key for species of Cratera and the first key for species of Luteostriata.
The Effect of Measurement Limitations on High-Frequency Radar-Derived Spectral Energy Fluxes
Authors: Clary Jean , Nadeau Louis-Philippe , Chavanne Cédric
Published: September 2019

The ocean’s inverse cascade of energy from small to large scales has been confirmed from satellite altimetry for scales larger than 100 km. However, measurements of the direct energy cascade to smaller scales have remained difficult to obtain. Here, the possibility of estimating these energy transfers to smaller scales from observations by high-frequency radars is investigated using numerical simulations. Synthetic measurements are first extracted from a quasigeostrophic simulation of freely decaying turbulence for which the reference energy flux is characterized by the transition from positive to negative values. Fluxes obtained from synthetic data are compared to this reference flux in order to assess the robustness to various measurement limitations. The geometry of the observational domain (nonperiodicity, domain size, and aspect ratio) affects mostly large scales, while the spatial resolution of the instruments affects mostly small scales. In contrast, measurement noise and missing data affect both large and small scales. Despite resulting in significant biases in the amplitude of the fluxes, the transition scale between the positive and negative fluxes is relatively robust to measurement limitations. These results are also confirmed using a simulation from a primitive-equations model in a realistic coastal geometry.
How Pediatric Anesthesiologists Manage Children with OSA Undergoing Tonsillectomy
Authors: Roberts Christopher , Al Sayegh Raihanah , Ellison Pavithra Ranganathan , Sedeek Khaled , Carr Michele M.
Published: September 2019

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to describe typical anesthesia practices for children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Study Design:

Online survey.

Method:

A sample of pediatric anesthesiologists received the survey by email.

Results:

110 respondents were included. 46.4% worked in a free-standing children’s hospital and 32.7% worked in a children’s facility within a general hospital. 73.6% taught residents. 44.4% saw at least one child with OSA per week, 25.5% saw them daily. On a 100-mm visual analog scale, respondents rated their comfort with managing these children as 84.94 (SD 17.59). For children with severe OSA, 53.6% gave oral midazolam preoperatively, but 24.5% typically withheld premedication and had the parent present for induction. 68.2% would typically use nitrous oxide for inhalational induction. 68.2% used fentanyl intraoperatively, while 20.0% used morphine. 61.5% reduced their intraop narcotic dose for children with OSA. 98.2% used intraoperative dexamethasone, 58.2% used 0.5 mg/kg for the dose. 98.2% used ondansetron, 62.7% used IV acetaminophen, and 8.2% used IV NSAIDs. 83.6% extubated awake. 27.3% of respondents stated that their institution had standardized guidelines for perioperative management of children with OSA undergoing adenotonsillectomy. People who worked in children’s hospitals, who had >10 years of experience, or who saw children with OSA frequently were significantly more comfortable dealing with children with OSA ( P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Apart from using intraoperative dexamethasone and ondansetron, management varied. These children would likely benefit from best practices perioperative management guidelines.
War Trophies, War Memorabilia, and the Iconography of Victory in the British Empire
Authors: Wellington Jennifer
Published: September 2019

Cultural efforts to mobilise populations behind the war in Britain and its Dominions, Canada and Australia – especially through the exhibition of war trophies – solidified after the Armistice into state-supported institutions creating and promoting a culture of victory. This culture was most pronounced, and most centralised, in Australia. Wartime propaganda institutions grew into national war museums which effectively froze the victorious national war effort, and the moment of triumph, in three-dimensional form. The institutions, and the people who ran them, did not demobilise with the peace. These museums used substantially the same objects and techniques they had used in wartime to support the war effort to create a postwar narrative in which victory established a clear (and martial) national identity, and also justified the war itself. At the same time, the narrative of a British imperial victory was used to create claims of unity which denied the reality of divisions in society. Trophies wrested from wartime enemies were used as pride-inducing objects to fundraise for peace, and fashioned into war memorials that were at once sites of mourning and monuments celebrating military dominance. Visions of postwar peace and progress could not be disentangled from victory and the violence that enabled it.
Tropical and subtropical forage germplasm conservation and science on their deathbed! 1. A journey to crisis
Authors: Maass Brigitte L , Pengelly Bruce C
Published: September 2019

While interest in the potential of tropical and subtropical forage (TSTF) germplasm for improved livestock production commenced earlier, it was not until the 1950s and 1960s that plant collecting and research on diversity and utilization of grasses and legumes reached significant global momentum. The subsequent engagement in pasture and forage research by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) centres, such as the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) and International Livestock Centre for Africa (ILCA; 1974–1995)/International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI; since 1995) from the 1970s onwards, built on the advances made by national centres in Australia, the United States of America, Kenya and elsewhere. By 1990–2000, TSTFs were recognized for contributing to a range of commercial and smallholder livestock production systems in Latin America, Australia, Southeast Asia, South Asia and Africa. However, their use, the value of further research and the need to maintain the very large and diverse collections held in international and national genebanks were challenged by this time because of perceived environmental risks, questions about whether or not past achievements could be bettered and the high costs of maintaining genebanks. Since then, the decline in investment and the quality of conservation and curation has been a relatively rapid process and reached the crisis point of today in just 20–25 years. This article traces 70 years of expansion and then decline of plant collecting, conservation, research and commercialization of TSTFs as a new commodity and examines the reasons for the sharp changes that have taken place. In a second article (this issue), the argument is made for swift and drastic action to prevent critical germplasm from being lost, to enable genebanks to play their crucial and unique role in underpinning improving production and productivity in livestock systems and to provide key germplasm tools to achieve environmental benefits.