bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variations in Elbow Carrying Angle Associated with Age, Gender, Height, and Weight: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Khan Jawad , Khan Alamgir , Shah Raziq , Hamza . , Kakakhel Syed Ihtisham , Ali Ammad
Published: December 2024

The elbow's carrying angle is a critical biomechanical feature that varies between genders and with physical characteristics like Body Mass Index. Objective: To determine the elbow carrying angle and analyze its correlation with physical attributes such as age, gender, height, and weight in a cross-sectional cohort.” Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 203 patients. The participants were divided into groups according to their height, weight, age, and gender. the mean carrying angles of the elbows on the left and right were measured and compared. Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0, and the significance of the differences in carrying angles between the groups was determined by computing p-values. Results: There were 76 patients (37.43%) and 127 male patients (62.56%) in the study population. Sixty-six percent of the patients belonged to the 46–60 age range. For the left elbow, the mean carrying angle was 4.6° (±0.23), while for the right elbow, it was 4.5° (±0.12). Gender, limb side, height, and weight all showed significant changes in carrying angles; p-values<0.05 indicated that these variances were statistically significant, especially when comparing different body types and demographic groups. Conclusions: It was concluded that the right arm typically exhibits a slightly wider angle than the left when it comes to elbow carrying angles; gender, height, and weight all significantly influence these angles.
Effect of Intraumbilical (IU) Vein Oxytocin Injection on Duration of Third Stage of Labour: A Comparative Study
Authors: Sabir Anila , Haider Shazia , Ghaffar Sadia , Sattar Shaneela , Maryam Sana , Aamir Ayesha , Kanwal Sibgha , Zahid Hafiza Maryam , Kanwal Seep
Published: December 2024

Effective management for reducing the duration of 3rd stage of labour can prevent serious complications such as post-partum hemorrhage. Objective: To evaluate the effect of intraumbilical venous oxytocin injection compared to placebo on reducing the duration of the third stage of labour in normal vaginal deliveries. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 100 pregnant female fulfilling the selection criteria were included from the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Sharif Medical and Dental City Hospital, Lahore. Informed consent was attained from participants. Participants were divided into 2 groups. In Group A, the female was given intraumbilical oxytocin and in Group B, a placebo (normal saline) was used. All female was followed up till delivery of the fetus and time was noted from delivery of the fetus to the placenta. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. Results: In Group in. Intraumbilical oxytocin, duration of 3rd stage of labour was less than 3.68 ± 1.49 minutes as compared to placebo group 7.02 ± 2.85 minutes (p<0.01). Data stratification concerning age, gestational age and parity also showed a significant difference of 3rd stage duration among groups with p<0.01. Conclusions: It was concluded that intraumbilical oxytocin was found to be useful in decreasing the third stage of labour duration. Its use may help prevent cases of prolonged third stage, which could otherwise lead to adverse outcomes. These findings support the potential clinical benefits of IU oxytocin in the third stage of labour.
Prevalence of Allergic Indicators in Patients with Chronic Otitis Media: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Hussain Ashfaq , Ali Irshad , Mushtaq Allah Bux , Hussain Junaid , Khan Tahir Hussain , Afzal Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Chronic Otitis Media (COM) was a persistent inflammation of the middle ear that often leads to prolonged effusion and hearing loss. It was a significant health concern, particularly in children, due to its impact on speech development and academic performance. Objective: To investigate the association between allergies and Chronic Otitis Media (COM) by assessing allergy positivity, blood eosinophil levels, and skin prick test results in patients with COM compared to healthy controls. Methods: It was a cross-sectional, case-control study conducted at Shahida Islam Medical Complex from August 2023 to January 2024. 112 patients suffering from COM in case groups and 112 participants were taken as healthy control were selected. The positivity of allergy, increase in blood eosinophils and, skin prick test was assessed. The data analysis was conducted using the SPSS version 24.00. The p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of participants in the case group was 37.4 years ± 12.6 and control groups was 38.9 years ± 10.9. The prevalence of positive skin prick tests in the case group at 56.25%, compared to 36.61% in the control group (p = 0.01). Blood eosinophil counts were significantly higher in the case group (0.39 ± 0.15 cells x 10-3 µl) than in the control group (0.23 ± 0.11 cells x 10-3 µl) (p = 0.031). The positivity rate for allergies, based on clinical assessment, was significantly higher among patients in the case group (63.39%) compared to those in the control group (24.11%) (p = 0.04). Conclusion: Findings of this suggests that there was strong association between allergies and chronic otitis media in patients
Efficacy of Artesunate versus a Combination of Artesunate and Quinine Di-Hydrochloride Given Intravenously for the Treatment of Malaria; A Comparative Study
Authors: Akbar Asma , Jabeen Irum , Kanwal Kiran , Ilyas Sonia , Ahmad Shakeel
Published: December 2024

In developing countries, malaria is still one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of intravenous artesunate alone versus intravenous combination of artesunate and quinine. Methods:  This randomized control trial was conducted in the Pediatric Medicine Unit-2, Allama Iqbal Teaching Hospital, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan. The inclusion criteria were children of either gender, aged 2-14 years and admitted to the emergency department with the diagnosis of severe malaria. Children were randomly allocated to two treatment groups of equal size. The intravenous artesunate group received artesunate administered intravenously for a maximum of 7 days. The intravenous combination of artesunate and quinine group received artesunate intravenously combined with quinine di-hydrochloride intravenously for a maximum of 7 days. they were employing the lottery method. The outcome was measured as the number of hours elapsed for an individual to become fever-free (temperature below 36.8°C). Results: In a total of 104 children with severe malaria. the mean duration required to become fever-free was 28.3 ± 5.4 hours in intravenous artesunate alone versus 26.5 ± 6.4 hours in intravenous combination of artesunate and quinine groups (p=0.1242). The most frequent treatment-related side effects were nausea, loss of appetite, hypoglycemia, diarrhea, and rash, noted in 21 (20.2%), 13 (12.5%), 11 (10.6%), 5 (4.8%), and 2 (1.9%) patients, respectively. Conclusions: It was concluded that intravenous artesunate and quinine together did not provide any additional benefit or synergistic effect over intravenous artesunate alone in treating severe malaria in children.
Perception of Undergraduate Physiotherapy Students Regarding Clinical Instructors’ Behaviour During Clinical Training; A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ajmal Abeera , Iftikhar Moater , Almas Iqra , Anwar Sahreen , Perveen Wajida
Published: December 2024

Professional therapists must be prepared through clinical training, which forms the foundation of physiotherapy education. The effectiveness of the interactions between students and clinical instructors can help students learn more in the clinical setting. Objective: To find out the undergraduate physiotherapy students’ perceptions regarding the clinical instructors’ behaviours during clinical training. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 260 undergraduates of Doctor of Physical Therapy from different institutes of Faisalabad and Sialkot after ethical approval from September 2021 to March 2022. Students in 3rd year or 5th semester and above were included. A clinical instructor behaviour instrument was utilized to get the responses and SPSS version 21.0 to extract the results. Mean and standard deviations were computed for individual subsets of the instrument to find the perception. Results: Mean age ± standard deviation was 22.79 ± 15.75 years ranging from 21 to 25 years. Among the participants, 226 (86.92%) were female and 34 (13.07%) were male. A total score of all five categories of the clinical instructor behaviour instrument was found 116.17 out of a maximum possible score of 150. Conclusion: It was concluded that the perception of students regarding the clinical instructors’ behaviours during clinical training was found positive.
Association of Emotional Intelligence and Aggression with Physical Activity Among Undergraduate Medical Students
Authors: Chishti Muhammad Umair , Arif Fajar , Munir Eamish , Shahbaz Rimsha , Tariq Hafiz Haroon , Raza Mian Ali , Perveen Wajida
Published: December 2024

tendencies may interfere with a student’s potential to acquire knowledge and become a good professional later on. Objectives: To determine the association of emotional intelligence and aggression with physical activity among undergraduate medical students. Methods: The analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 267 students from five private medical colleges and universities offering allied health sciences courses after ethical approval in four months using Non-Probability Convenience sampling. Emotional intelligence, aggression and physical activity were measured using the Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire, Buss Perry aggression Questionnaire and short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire respectively. Correlation tests were applied to find the association (p≤0.05 as significant). Results: A positive association between Physical Activity Questionnaire and Aggression was found in male with (p=0.020) and a negative association in female with (p=0.894). Emotional intelligence had a negative association in both male and female undergraduate medical students except motivating oneself in males which had a positive association in males (p=0.019). Conclusions: It was concluded that the study highlights the strong relationship between emotional intelligence, physical activity and aggression among undergraduate medical students. Male exhibit aggressive behaviour more often than female do. Male showed a positive relation between emotional intelligence and physical activity.
The Association Between High Cholesterol Levels and Severity of Periodontitis
Authors: Javaid Rashid , Mukhtar Sana , Nawaz Ambreen , Errum Anila , Arslan Bakhtawar , Fatima Anum
Published: December 2024

Periodontitis is a common inflammatory condition affecting tooth-supporting structures, leading to tooth loss and is linked to systemic diseases, including cardiovascular disease. Objectives: To examine the association between high cholesterol levels and periodontitis severity in a sample from Lahore, Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at De' Montmorency College of Dentistry, Lahore, over six months. A total of 154 participants aged ≥40 years with periodontitis symptoms and without any systemic diseases were included. Participants were grouped based on the severity of periodontal disease status into no periodontitis group, mild disease group, moderate disease group, and severe periodontitis. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for lipid profile parameters. Multivariable regression analyses were performed, adjusting for age, gender, BMI, smoking, alcohol use, and exercise, to evaluate associations between lipid levels and periodontitis severity. Results: Severe periodontitis was found in 58 participants (37.7%). Multivariable regression indicated an inversely associated link between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in blood and disease severity (p<0.05). Lower total cholesterol and higher triglyceride levels were associated with severe periodontitis (p<0.05). Logistic regression showed that participants with severe periodontitis had significantly higher values of the odds ratio of decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.05–1.72), total cholesterol (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.02–1.55), and triglyceride levels (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.12–1.96). Conclusions: It was concluded that severe periodontitis is greatly linked with lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and elevated triglyceride and total cholesterol levels, suggesting that periodontal health may influence lipid profile and increase cardiovascular disease risk.
Frequency of Respiratory Symptoms among Marble Workers in Cutting and Grinding sections of Marble Factories, Lahore
Authors: Butt Imran Maqsood , Hasnain Seema , Chaudhary Aneela , Kishmiri Misbah Jehangir , Iqbal Javeid , Mushtaq Faisal
Published: December 2024

Occupational exposure to dust particles was a public health problem in developing countries. One of the main dust which is responsible for higher prevalence of obstructive lung diseases is silica dust present in marble factories. Objective: To compare the frequency of respiratory symptoms among individuals working in cutting and grinding sections of marble factories, Lahore. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in marble factories situated in Ichra market, Ferozepur Road Lahore, during April to September 2022. Forty-one marble employees each from wet cutting and dry grinding sections were selected after obtaining written consent from the respondents. Data were collected in a pretested standardized questionnaire regarding socio demographic and respiratory symptoms. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 24.0. Results: The mean age of workers was 29.93 ± 6.18 years while mean years of work experience was11.19 ± 5.66 years. 20 (48.78%) workers of dry cutting had cough as compared to 14 (34.14%) workers of wet cutting section. Similarly, 11 (26.8%) workers of grinding section had experienced phlegm whereas 6 (14.63%) from wet cutting workers complained of this symptom. Similarly, breathlessness and chest tightness were more prevalent among grinding workers as compared to marble cutting workers showing statistically significant association (p-value < 0.005). Greater than 15 years of work exposure, respiratory symptoms were significantly (p-value < 0.001) more common in grinding workers than in cutting workers. Conclusion: Respiratory symptoms were more marked among grinding workers than among wet cuttings workers.
ABO and Rh Blood Group Distribution and Its Association with Hemoglobin Levels in Pregnant Women: A Study from Peshawar District
Authors: Jamil Nadra , Sarwar Nayab , Alam Shaista , Khalid Maida , Khan Sara Jamil , Malik Saira Nasr
Published: December 2024

Anemia was a significant global health issue, leading to preterm birth, low weight at birth, and fetal malformations in pregnancy. Determination of blood group distribution and their relationship with anemia was essential for improving anemia management in pregnancy. Objective: To assess the distribution of the ABO blood group and Rh type of pregnant women and its relationship with the concentration of hemoglobin. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design study was conducted at a primary healthcare center in Peshawar from 1st January 2023 to 31st December 2023, enrolling 1049 pregnant women attending antenatal care. ABO and Rh typing were determined, and Hb levels were assayed to assess the presence of anemia in the participants. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. To examine the relationship between various blood group types and anemia, ANOVA and correlation analysis were employed. Results: B-type was the most prevalent blood group among the participants, about 358 (34.1%), followed by O 295 (28.1%), A 279 (26.6%), and AB about 117 (11.2%). The majority of participants, 972 (92.7%), were Rh-positive. Anemia was prevalent in 878 (83.7%) of participants, with 639 (60.9%) having mild anemia. Linear regression analysis indicated no significant impact of ABO blood group or Rh factor on hemoglobin levels (p > 0.05). Conclusions: In the current study, B-type was the most prevalent blood group among pregnant women, differing from previous reports of blood group O. However, no significant association was observed between blood group types and anemia, suggesting that other factors might play a more significant role in the prevalence of anemia.
Frequency of Abnormal Electroencephalography in Cases with Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Yasir Ammar , Yousaf Qudsum , Malik Madiha , Rana Mamoona Tanwir , Imran Muhammad , Imran Rashid
Published: December 2024

Stroke was a common global condition, with low-income countries bearing the highest burden. It leads to reduced cerebral blood flow, limiting oxygen and glucose, and causing cerebral infarction. Electroencephalography has been used as a biomarker to predict outcomes in ischemic stroke during its acute and subacute phases. Objective: To determine the frequency of abnormal EEG in cases with ischemic stroke. Methods: After obtaining approval from the CPSP research evaluation unit, this cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Neurology, Punjab Institute of Neurosciences, Lahore, from January 2019 to June 2019 on 96 ischemic stroke patients. Written informed consent was taken from patients/attendants, and demographic details were noted. Using a CT scan, all cases were diagnosed as ischemic stroke. The EEG was done in all cases within 24 hours of admission. All data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. Results: In the current study, 57.3% of patients with ischemic stroke were found to have abnormal EEG. Data stratification was found to be significant concerning gender and duration of stroke, p- value = 0.01 and 0.000, respectively. However, abnormal EEG frequency was noted more among 45-60-year-old male patients of normal weight and those who presented within 1-2 days of stroke. Conclusions: According to current study findings, more than half of the ischemic stroke cohort was found to have abnormal EEG. The high frequency of aberrant EEG results highlights the importance of EEG as a useful diagnostic tool when evaluating individuals who have had acute ischemic stroke.
Unveiling Parental Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices on Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Zia Kanwal , Hameed Sajid , Pervaiz Khizzer , Ahmad Zeeshan , Butt Asif Maqsood , Hamid Khan Muhammad Hatim
Published: December 2024

Intestinal Parasitic Infections are intestinal infections, especially in toddlers, caused by parasites such as worms. Objectives: To explore Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Pakistan, emphasizing their interlinkage with other socio-demographic factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Pak town, Lahore, on 348 parents. A questionnaire was developed to record demographic data, five Knowledge items, seven Attitudes, and 12 Practice questions. IBM SPSS version 27 was used for all the analyses. Descriptive, chi-square and binary logistic regression analyses were applied. Results: The majority of participants were housewives (50.9%). The levels of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices were poor in 56%, 60.9%, and 51.7% of the parents, respectively. There was a greater likelihood of good attitude in parents with good knowledge (adjusted OR=5.3; 95% CI=0.3-96.4) compared with poor knowledge. Male were less likely (adjusted OR=0.3; 95% CI=0.1-0.7) to present good attitudes than female. Parents with education level of Intermediate (adjusted OR=2.6; 95% CI=1.2-5.7), Graduate (adjusted OR=3.5; 95% CI=1.6-7.6), and Masters (adjusted OR=60.8; 95% CI=3.8-974.3) showed better attitudes than those with secondary education. Good practices were associated with the presence of good attitudes rather than poor attitudes (adjusted OR=0.6; 95% CI=0.4-0.9). Conclusions: It was concluded that there was a poor prevalence of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Punjab. Good knowledge determines good attitudes that control good practices; hence, a focus on augmenting Practices of Intestinal Parasitic knowledge among parents should be the top priority of healthcare, especially among mothers.
Clinicopathological Role of Adiponectin in Preeclampsia: Linkage with Placental Function and Maternal Health
Authors: Adam Mohammedelfateh , Khan Sarfaraz , Zia Memona , Iftikhar Anum , Sherazi Sajid Hussain , Ahsan Naveed , Haq Ehsan Ul
Published: December 2024

Preeclampsia is a hypertensive, multisystem disease in pregnancy, associated with dysfunction of the placenta. Emerging studies point toward the possibility that adiponectin, a hormone with anti-inflammatory and vasodilator properties, may contribute to the development of preeclampsia. Objectives: To systematically review the role of adiponectin in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia with limited evidence on the role of placental gene expression, providing clinicopathological insights into its role in maternal and fetal health. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar for articles published between 2017 and 2024. Included studies explored the relationship between Adiponectin levels and preeclampsia in relevance to placental pathology, and hormonal levels. Studies analyzed adiponectin's role in modulating insulin resistance, hypertension, placental growth, and vascular health in preeclampsia. Data from multiple regions, including Asia, Europe, and America, provided global perspectives. Results: An association between reduced adiponectin levels and increased severity of preeclampsia and its potential role in impaired placental physiology and adverse pregnancy outcomes were reviewed. Conclusions: It was concluded that adiponectin plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia, affecting both maternal health and placental function. Understanding these mechanisms may offer insights for therapeutic interventions in managing preeclampsia and improving fetal outcomes.
Evaluation of Maternal Near Miss (MNM) Events and Maternal Mortality at Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Murtaza Hina , Panhyar Shifa , Memon Erum , Uroosa Baby , Liaquat Farah , Hussain Mubashir
Published: December 2024

Maternal Near-Miss events are critical indicators of the quality of maternal healthcare, representing instances where women survive severe obstetric complications that could have resulted in death. Objectives: To find out the characteristics and causes of maternal near-miss events and maternal mortality at Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad/Jamshoro. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 233 pregnant and postpartum women of were within 42 days of childbirth, who presented with severe morbidity or early maternal mortality. The duration of the study was from January 1 2021 to June 30 2021. Women undergoing uncomplicated cesarean sections or normal vaginal deliveries, as well as cases of mild anemia, mild-to-moderate hypertension, and Class I and II hemorrhages (less than 30% blood loss), were excluded. Data were collected on demographic characteristics and clinical details such as the mode of delivery, timing of near-miss events concerning admission, patient presentation, surgical interventions performed to save the mother's life, and obstetric complications. Results: The mean age of maternal near-miss cases was 25.5 ± 5.5 years. Most maternal near-miss cases occurred among multiparous, rural, un-booked women aged 26–30 years. The leading causes of maternal near-miss were hemorrhage (44.2%), hypertensive disorders (35.1%), and dystocia (12%), followed by sepsis and severe anemia (4.2% each). A significant proportion, 176 cases (75.5%), required intensive care unit admission, with a mean hospital stay of 14.5 days. Conclusions: It was concluded that hemorrhage and hypertensive disorder were found to be the most common causes of maternal near-miss cases.
Strategic Enhancements in Onion Cultivation Through Evaluating Plant Density and Harvest Intervals for Superior Yield and Profitability
Authors: Salahin Mesbaus , Rahman Tanvir Md. Rashedur , Momen Md. Billal Hossain , Hossain Sakhawat , Islam Md. Mominul , Khan Md.Tariful Alam
Published: December 2024

The experiment was conducted at the agricultural research farm of the Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh from December 2020 to April 2021. The aim was to investigate the impact of plant density per hill and harvesting time on the growth, yield, and economic benefits of onions. Three plant densities were tested: one plant per hill (P1), two plants per hill (P2), and three plants per hill (P3). Additionally, two harvesting times were evaluated: 110 days after transplanting (H1) and 125 days after transplanting (H2). The experiment followed a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Both plant density and harvesting time significantly influenced most growth and yield parameters. The highest values for leaf diameter, neck diameter, bulb length, bulb diameter, fresh bulb weight, dry bulb weight, and yields per hectare were observed with two plants per hill (P2). Similarly, the highest values for those parameters were found with the later harvest time of 125 days (H2). The combination of two plants per hill and harvesting at 125 days (P2H2) produced the best results, including the highest leaf and neck diameters, bulb dimensions, fresh and dry bulb weights, and yields per hectare. This combination also achieved the highest Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) of 2.12, compared to 1.71 for the one plant per hill and 110-day harvest combination (P1H1). Therefore, the study concludes that planting two onions per hill and harvesting at 125 days after transplanting yield the best growth, yield, and economic benefits.
TÁC ĐỘNG CỦA NƯỚC SẮC TỔ HỢP LÊN SINH LÍ VÀ CHỨC NĂNG GAN CHUỘT NHẮT TRẮNG (Mus musculus var. albino)
Authors: Giang Nguyễn
Published: December 2024

Trong nghiên cứu này, đề tài tiến hành đánh giá về ảnh hưởng của nước sắc tổ hợp Bán chi liên, Bạch hoa xà thiệt thảo và Xạ đen lên gan chuột bị tổn thương bởi carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) thông qua việc tiến hành theo dõi và đánh giá các chỉ số hình thể và sinh lí (cân nặng, sinh lí máu và men gan). Từ các kết quả nghiên cứu này, đề tài đánh giá được hiệu quả bảo vệ và phục hồi chức năng gan chuột của nước sắc tổ hợp. Kết quả cho thấy: trong thời gian 72 giờ từ lúc bắt đầu thí nghiệm, ở nồng độ nước sắc bài thuốc 10%, nghiệm thức phòng bệnh cho thấy hiệu quả bảo vệ gan chuột là tốt nhất khi làm tăng đáng kể các chỉ số sinh lí máu (hematocrit và hemoglobin); đồng thời, làm giảm mạnh các chỉ số men gan khi so sánh với nghiệm thức control CCl4. Với những kết quả này, nước sắc tổ hợp bài thuốc Bán chi liên, Bạch hoa xà thiệt thảo và Xạ đen đạt được hiệu quả đáng mong đợi.
ÁP DỤNG TÍCH PHÂN TRONG GIẢNG DẠY CÁC MÔ HÌNH KINH TẾ CHO SINH VIÊN KHỐI NGÀNH KINH TẾ
Authors: Huy Nguyễn Quang , Thanh Hải Lê Thị
Published: December 2024

Tích phân là một trong những công cụ hiệu quả để giải quyết rất nhiều bài toán khác nhau, trong đó có nhiều vấn đề thuộc lĩnh vực kinh tế. Trong bối cảnh số lượng sinh viên khối ngành Kinh tế  đang ngày càng tăng thì việc xây dựng một tài liệu tham khảo cho sinh viên các ngành kinh tế học tập và nghiên cứu các môn Toán kinh tế  là vô cùng cần thiết. Trong bài viết này, chúng tôi tổng hợp lại một số mô hình kinh tế sử dụng tích phân để giải quyết. Với mỗi một mô hình, chúng tôi sẽ trình bày khái niệm, đặc điểm và đưa ra những ví dụ minh họa có số liệu cụ thể với lời giải chi tiết. Chúng tôi hy vọng các kết quả của bài báo này sẽ giúp ích cho sinh viên khối ngành kinh tế trong việc hiểu rõ các ứng dụng của tích phân không chỉ trong kinh tế mà còn trong các vấn đề thực tế khác.
THÀNH PHẦN HOÁ HỌC PHÂN ĐOẠN C3 CAO CHLOROFORM CỦA LÁ VÀ THÂN DÂY LEO CÂY HÀ THỦ Ô TRẮNG
Authors: Hào Bùi
Published: December 2024

Từ phân đoạn C3 cao chloroform của lá và thân dây leo cây Hà thủ ô trắng, bằng kỹ thuật sắc ký lớp mỏng và sắc ký cột pha thuận, pha đảo, đã phân lập bốn hợp chất hữu cơ, gồm β-sitosterol, lupeol, neoilexonol acetate và 1β,3β-dihydroxy-urs-9(11),12-dien. Cấu trúc của những hợp chất này đã được xác định bằng các phương pháp phổ nghiệm, chủ yếu là phổ cộng hưởng từ hạt nhân (NMR). 1β,3β-dihydroxy-urs-9(11),12-dien là hợp chất lần đầu tiên được tìm thấy trong chi Streptocaulon.
ĐÁNH GIÁ MỨC ĐỘ ẢNH HƯỞNG NHẬN THỨC CHẤT LƯỢNG CỦA GIÁO VIÊN ĐẾN GIÁ TRỊ VĂN HÓA CHẤT LƯỢNG TRONG CÁC TRƯỜNG TRUNG HỌC CƠ SỞ CÔNG LẬP Ở KHU VỰC ĐÔNG NAM BỘ
Authors: Thái Đỗ Đình , Tú Nguyễn Thị , Phi Nguyễn Huy Hoàng
Published: December 2024

Chất lượng giáo dục là một hành trình đổi mới, sáng tạo và cải tiến liên tục; được đề cập và triển khai thông qua hoạt động kiểm định chất lượng giáo dục trường trung học cơ sở và phù hợp với xu thế phát triển giáo dục trong và ngoài nước, cuộc cách mạng công nghiệp lần thứ 4 và tiến trình chuyển đổi số trong giáo dục. Chương trình giáo dục phổ thông 2018 được xây dựng theo hướng mở đáp ứng mục tiêu chất lượng về phẩm chất và năng lực học sinh; được xã hội quan tâm đầu tư và phát triển phù hợp với sự đổi mới giáo dục trong từng giai đoạn. Bài viết khảo sát, đánh giá mức độ ảnh hưởng nhận thức chất lượng (môi trường làm việc, năng lực và hành vi cá nhân) của giáo viên đến giá trị văn hóa chất lượng (trách nhiệm và niềm tin) trong các trường trung học cơ sở công lập ở khu vực Đông Nam Bộ tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, Bình Dương và Tây Ninh. Kết quả phân tích hồi quy tuyến tính bội chỉ ra môi trường làm việc, năng lực và hành vi của bản thân giáo viên ảnh hưởng 57.1% đến trách nhiệm cá nhân và 57.1% đến niềm tin cá nhân ở Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh; 45.5% đến trách nhiệm cá nhân và 43.3% đến niềm tin cá nhân ở Bình Dương; 50.2% đến trách nhiệm cá nhân và 57.3% đến niềm tin cá nhân ở Tây Ninh.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Haemonchus contortus Infection in Goats: Linked to FAMACHA, BCS, and Biochemical Markers
Authors: Panta Kala , Pathak Chet Raj , Dahal Ananta , Pandey Sakshyam , Shrestha Riddhi
Published: December 2024

Haemochosis is an important gastrointestinal parasitism of particularly small ruminants like sheep and goats. It is becoming a major concern for both commercialized and smallholder goat farmers due to heavy production and economic losses. So, this study was carried out at Bharatpur Metropolitan City of Chitwan to determine the prevalence of Haemonchus contortus using a total of 412 individual fecal samples of goat for the coprological examinations. The results showed that prevalence of H. contortus was found to be 13.6%. Barbari breed was found highly infected (25%) followed by non-descript breeds (16.7%), Boer (15.8%), Khari (14%), Khapari (13.6%), and Jamunapari (7.5%) respectively. The infection was higher in female than male goats (15.9% vs. 8.8%). The animals with mixed types of feeding (stall and grazing) had a higher infection than the goats having stall feeding (18.7% vs. 11.3%). The goats having a history of regular deworming showed a lower prevalence than deworming with more or no history (4.4% vs. 35.8%). The egg per gram (EPG) showed no statistical difference in the scores for different body conditions scores (BCS) of goats but showed a difference in different FAMACHA scores. Blood-packed cell volume (PCV), albumin, and total protein (TP) were statistically different (P = 0.00) in H. contortus infected and uninfected goat. Similarly, these blood values showed significant differences in different FAMACHA scores of both H. contortus positive and negative goats. Thus, good management practice (GMP), and regular and cyclic deworming along with hematobiochemical status could be crucial for the prevention and adoption of specific treatment protocols at the farm for individual goats.
Students’ Perceptions of the Effect of Blended Learning on their Learning Autonomy
Authors: Phan Thi Ngoc Le
Published: December 2024

Learning autonomy is a critical skill that significantly impacts students' success or failure in the classroom and their pursuit of lifelong learning. Today, learning autonomy is simpler than ever due to the rapid advancement of information technology. From these perspectives, this study investigates students' perceptions of the effect of blended learning (combining traditional teaching and online teaching) on their learning autonomy. With the participation of 120 students, the study combined both quantitative and qualitative methods through questionnaires and interviews. The results show that blended learning had the largest impact on learners' motivation, self-assessment, and acquiring teachers' requirements. Besides, the research also revealed some elements of blended learning that have not really enhanced learner autonomy, such as establishing study goals and implementing a learning strategy. I hope this study can provide teachers with an overview of the blended learning model and offer some suggestions to improve the effectiveness of this model when applied to teaching in Vietnam universities.
Efektivitas Larvasida Alami Terhadap Nyamuk Culex Quinquefasciatus di Kota Pekalongan
Authors: Ayuningtiyas Tuti Dita , Lu’lu Fitriyani Nur , Dara Juanita Karoma , Salsabila Intan , Adni Lailatul , Aini Zahro Reza , Fakarina Fathimah , Irfiani Widia , Fara Anindya Labibah
Published: December 2024

Filariasis merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh infeksi nematoda yang menyebar melalui vektor nyamuk Culex quinquefasciatus. Kota Pekalongan merupakan salah satu dari sembilan kabupaten/kota endemis filariasis di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu upaya pengendalian yang tidak berdampak negatif terhadap lingkungan, yaitu melalui penggunaan larvasida nabati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak larvasida nabati dari rimpang lengkuas, rimpang serai, daun sirih dan daun zodia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode True Experiment. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah larva nyamuk Culex quinquefasciatus yang diambil secara acak. Ekstrak rimpang lengkuas, rimpang serai, dan daun sirih dibuat dengan variasi 1% dan 5% dengan volume 200 ml. Sedangkan ekstrak daun zodia dibuat dengan variasi 1% dengan volume 200 ml. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrasi pakan maka persentase kematian larva semakin tinggi. Hal ini sejalan dengan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Zunita (2018), bahwa semakin pekat konsentrasi suatu larutan maka semakin banyak racun yang tertelan oleh larva sehingga tingkat kematian larva semakin tinggi.
The impact of local tax revenue on society welfare
Authors: Marfiana Andri , Prabowo Sakti , Wijaya Suparna , Irawan Ferry
Published: December 2024

Regional taxes are one of the pillars of state revenue. Regional taxes have a strategic position both for financing development in the regions and regulating community life in the regions. This study aims to investigate the effect of regional tax revenues on public welfare in Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative method with secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency for the period 2019 - 2021. The power taken includes regional tax variables, education level, number of poor people, and availability of basic health facilities. The test results show the following findings. First, regional tax revenues have the potential to encourage socio-economic development but the impact is highly dependent on the effectiveness of budget allocation and management. Second, regional tax revenues have not had a significant impact on reducing the number of poor people. However, these results emphasize the importance of an integrated approach. Third, the development of basic health facilities depends more on the Special Allocation Fund than regional tax revenues.
Automated Oral Cancer Detection Using Hybrid CNNs for Enhanced Clinical Applications
Authors:   Dept.of.CS&E PESITM  Shimoga, India, P S Praveen , S R Yashas , B U Siddhartha , H L Suchitra , L S Yashawanth
Published: December 2024

This study introduces a hybrid, multimodal Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model designed to automate oral cancer detection with high sensitivity and specificity. The model exhibits adaptability across diverse clinical environments, ensuring improved diagnostic outcomes regardless of variations in patient demographics or imaging modalities. Experimental evaluations highlight its potential for early diagnosis, making it a valuable tool for clinical practice..

Keywords - Hybrid CNN, Oral Cancer Detection, Deep Learning, Clinical Adaptability, Diagnostic Accuracy.
Developing Leaf Area Prediction Model for Curly Lettuce Grown Under Salinity Stress and Applied with Foliar Salicylic Acid
Authors: Kiremit Mehmet
Published: December 2024

Accurate and non-destructive methods for measuring leaf area are crucial for understanding the growth and physiological variations of the plants under stress conditions. This investigation aimed to develop and assess the effectiveness of various regression models for predicting the leaf area of curly lettuce cultivated under different irrigation water salinities (IWS: 0.30, 4.15, 8.0 dS m-1) and salicylic acid doses (SA: 0, 1, 2 mM). The R2 values for the models ranged from 0.505 to 0.968, with RMSE values between 4.59 and 17.79 cm² and MAE values of 3.44 to 13.05 cm². Using only leaf length (LL) and leaf width (LW) can effectively estimate the leaf area of curly lettuce plants (Model 3, R²: 0.962, RMSE: 7.58 cm², MAE: 5.34 cm²). However, including IWS and SA in prediction models improved their accuracy and reliability. The best model for estimating the leaf area of curly lettuce was found from Model 13, which integrated all four parameters—SA, IWS, LL, and LW—achieving the highest R² (0.968) and the lowest RMSE (4.59 cm²) and MAE (3.44 cm²). Finally, using leaf area prediction models that consider stress conditions can enhance crop management by allowing accurate monitoring of plant health and growth in agriculture.
Prediction of the Potential Spatial Distribution of the Vitis Vinifera Species Under Current and Future Climate Change Scenarios Using the MaxENT Model
Authors: Aktaş İrem , Kılıç Orhan Mete
Published: December 2024

The negative impacts of climate change, such as increasing competition among species, habitat loss, and spatial shifts, have a strong influence on species distribution areas. Species distribution models are an important tool for protecting species from the adverse effects of climate change and for conserving biodiversity. In this study, the spatial impact of climate change on the distribution of the Vitis Vinifera (Narince grape) species, which has a natural distribution in Turkey, was predicted using the MaxEnt model. To determine how the species’ distribution areas would be affected by climate change, the HadGEM3-GC31-LL climate model, developed based on the principles of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6), was used. The potential distribution of the species for the periods 2041–2060 and 2081–2100 was modeled under SSP 2.45 and SSP 5.85 scenarios. The results of the study show that the predicted current distribution area of Vitis Vinifera corresponds to its present geographic distribution. Under current climate conditions, suitable areas for the species are calculated as 21.837 km², highly suitable areas as 5.169 km², and the total suitable area as 27.006 km². For the future climate change scenarios, under the SSP 2.45 scenario, the total suitable areas are predicted to be 22,877 km² for the 2041–2060 period and 24,225 km² for the 2081–2100 period. Under the SSP 5.85 scenario, the total suitable areas are estimated to be 23.908 km² for the 2041–2060 period and 22.781 km² for the 2081–2100 period. According to our findings, it has been determined that the spatial distribution of the species will change under future climate change scenarios, and its distribution in Turkey is expected to decrease.
Effect of Foliar Application of Boron on Yield and Yield Components of Linseed Cultivars (Linum usitatissimum L.)
Authors: Culpan Emrullah , Arslan Burhan
Published: December 2024

Boron is a crucial micronutrient for the growth and development of plants. Foliar application of boron positively impacts the growth, yield, and yield components of oilseed crops. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of boron (B) on some yield and quality traits of linseed cultivars. The field experiments of this study were carried out in spring season of 2022 and 2023 under ecological conditions of Tekirdag. The experiment was carried out as a split plot design based on RCBD with three replications, in which cultivars constituted the main plot with three varieties (Karakız, Sarıdane and Beyaz Gelin), and boron constituted the sub-plot with four doses (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg L-1) in both years. Boron doses were applied by foliar spraying at 45 DAS. In the study plant height, branch number, number of capsules per plants, number of seeds per capsule, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, oil content and oil yield were investigated. Analysis of variance showed that boron application significantly affected all the examined traits except for 1000 seed weight and oil content. The results showed that the highest seed yield was obtained from 200 and 300 mg L-1 boron application (91.45 and 93.85 kg da-1, respectively). However, the differences in oil content were not statistically significant in terms of cultivar and boron application. In conclusion, foliar application of appropriate doses of boron contributes to increase the yield of linseed, especially in medium and low input farming systems.
Web-Based Environmental Monitoring System Design and Dust Concentration Modeling for Dairy Barns
Authors: Yonar Umut Efe , Uysal Buğra , Kızıl Ünal
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on designing and evaluating a web-based environmental monitoring system for dairy barns, targeting dust concentration and temperature/humidity levels. A prototype device integrating Arduino technology with GSM module was developed to enable real-time data transmission to a web-based platform. The system was tested in a small-scale dairy barn, where it effectively monitored dust, temperature, and humidity while calculating the Temperature Humidity Index (THI). Statistical analysis using multiple regression (MR) and artificial neural networks (ANN) revealed that temperature and humidity significantly influence dust concentrations, with both models achieving strong predictive performance (MR: R² = 0.7, ANN: R² = 0.71). These results indicate that both methods can accurately predict dust levels based on environmental conditions. This low-cost solution not only improves air quality monitoring but also offers a viable tool for controlling heat stress in dairy barns, enhancing animal welfare and productivity. The system's affordability makes it accessible for small family farms and adaptable for broader agricultural applications.
Review on Phytochemical, Pharmacological and Marketed Product of Alovera Extract
Authors: Mehta Gulshan , Kukshal Meenakshi , Patil Shivanand
Published: December 2024

Aloe vera has historically been utilised for the treatment of skin injuries (such as burns, cuts, insect bites, and dermatitis) and digestive issues due to its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and wound-healing attributes. The research on this medicinal plant focusses on substantiating traditional applications and elucidating the mechanism of action, as well as identifying the chemicals responsible for these effects. Similarly, novel effects have been explored for Aloe vera and its active constituents, particularly emphasising its potential as a cytotoxic, antitumoural, anticancer, and antidiabetic drug. Over the past six years, the majority of pharmacological research has comprised in vitro and in vivo trials. In vitro research predominantly focus on antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, antitumor, anticancer, and skin protective effects. It is particularly important to highlight that various in vitro studies assess the preventive effects of Aloe vera in bone disorders, including osteoporosis. The findings on bone protection are encouraging; however, it is essential to do further studies with experimental animals and humans. In vivo studies are designed to assess cardioprotective effects, cytotoxicity, antitumor and anticancer activities, as well as skin protection efficacy. Clinical trials are constrained in comparison to in vitro and in vivo testing, concentrating mostly on digestive and dermal protective effects. Furthermore, these clinical trials have solely utilised Aloe vera, excluding its isolated components; hence, it would be pertinent to investigate the therapeutic effects of significant metabolites across various human diseases and illnesses. Research over the past six years has concentrated on the principal active compounds: aloe-emodin, aloin, aloesin, amodin, and acemannan. Aloe-emodin and aloin have been the most extensively researched among these compounds. Aloe-emodin has emerged as a potential drug with antibacterial, antidiabetic, cytotoxic, cardioprotective, and bone protective properties in in vitro investigations, as well as anti-inflammatory and skin protective effects in in vivo research. Aloin shown efficacy in inflammatory processes and bone illnesses (in vitro studies) as well as in cancer and cardiovascular diseases (in vivo studies). The encouraging outcomes of fundamental research promote an increased number of clinical trials to evaluate the therapeutic application of Aloe vera and its primary constituents, especially regarding bone protection, cancer, and diabetes.
Review Article: Aloe vera, Centella Asiatica, and Calendula
Authors: Khan Humais Aziz , Kukshal Meenakshi , Patil Shivanand M.
Published: December 2024

Three commonly used medicinal plants—Calendula offinalis, Centella Asiatica, and Aloe vera—are thoroughly reviewed in this article. The medicinal qualities of each of these plants have been well researched and have a long history in traditional medicine. Their pharmacological effects, active ingredients, botanical traits, and possible medical and cosmetic uses are outlined in the review. Aloe vera is a succulent perennial herb that is a member of the Asphodelaceae family and can withstand drought. Because of its ability to cure wounds and burns, it is also known as the silent healer or the healing plant. For millennia, people have utilized aloe vera for its medicinal, skin-care, cosmetic, and health benefits. It is also a common ingredient in many commercial products. Centella asiatica, commonly referred to as gotu kola, is a traditional herb that is prized for its ability to promote wound healing and skin health. Recent studies have shed additional light on its effectiveness, especially when applied topically. Calendula officinalis is a fragrant perennial herbaceous plant that has a limited lifespan. Calendula officinalis has also been shown in scientific studies to increase the activity of wound healing. Although the exact mechanism is still unknown, it was thought that the herb would improve blood flow to the wound site, delivering oxygen and nutrients required for tissue repair.