bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental Law in the Russian Federation
Authors: Anisimov Aleksey , Ryzhenkov Anatoliy
Published: May 2022

Environmental Law in the Russian Federation presents a comprehensive textbook on the current state of environmental legislation of the Russian Federation. The textbook is divided into three sections that are ordered for an increasing level of specialization in the subject.

- The first section (General Part) gives a definition of environmental law, formulates its principles and considers the sources of environmental law and legal relations. Readers will learn about the issues related to the ownership of natural resources, the legal framework and specifics of environmental protection and management, and associated human and civil rights. The distinguishing features of economic regulation in the area of environmental protection as well as issues of responsibility for environmental offenses are also covered.

- The second section (Special Part) sets forth the main environmental requirements for certain types of economic and other human activities and the specifics of environmental protection in areas with a special environmental legal regime (specially protected areas and ecological disaster zones). Chapters in this section consider the main areas of protection of certain natural objects (water, forests, land, etc.).

- The third section (Specialized Part) clarifies the main areas of international cooperation in the field of environmental protection and considers the main characteristics of the environmental protection experience of other countries.

The textbook is an essential reference for law and business students in Russian schools. It is also of interest to entrepreneurs planning ventures in Russia and researchers involved in comparative legal analysis.
Cafe market share using satellite image data and Google Database in Malang City
Authors: Hasyim Abdul , Kurniawan Eddi , Purnamasari Wulan
Published: May 2022

Cafes in Malang City have a very large quantity. Almost every main road corridor in Malang City has a small, medium, or large cafe. In a competitive situation, location factors can be critical, making it very important. Therefore, a study is needed to analyze the market share of cafes in Malang City from its spatial elements. This study aims to determine the spatial factors that affect the market share of cafes based on sample data in the form of upper-middle-class cafes in Malang City. The variables used to measure the market share of the café sample spatially are proximity to universities, building density, road hierarchy, rating, and several competitors. This study uses Google Satellite Image Data sources and remote sensing methods for processing spatial data and analyzes it using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. Based on the analysis results, it is known that all variables are positive. The variables that have the most influence on the market share of the café sample are building density, university proximity, and road hierarchy
Eccentricity effect on the cyclic response of braced frame type-V
Authors: Susanti Lilya , Wijaya Ming
Published: May 2022

Eccentricity on the braced frames can sometimes not be avoided to facilitate some structural considerations, such as openings. V-type braced frames are among the most widely used bracing types because of their satisfying performance. The present study investigated the effect of eccentricity as 15 cm, and 25 cm on the reinforced concrete braced frames of 80 cm x 100 cm in dimension compared to V-type of Concentric Braced Frame (CBF). Results indicated that a frame with 15 cm of eccentricity has almost similar stress but higher strain compared to the CBF while the frame with 25 cm of eccentricity resulted in lowest stress but highest strain. As the eccentricity rises, a frame is likely to behave as a moment-resisting frame. Link beams are the most critical part of the Eccentric Braced Frame
Cyberspace in a State of Flux: Regulating cyberspace through International Law
Authors: Holder Maxron
Published: May 2022

Cyberspace continues to become increasingly integral to our way of life. It has brought with it many benefits but has recently become a domain used for misdeed, as was evident from the recent WannaCry ransomware, the Stuxnet virus issue, and the much-publicized US 2016 Election hacking. These incidents have caused the issue of cyberspace to be on the international agenda, but there is a lack of consensus among the various nations on how cyberspace should be regulated. The article analyzes the legal status of cyberspace by first embarking on a discussion on what is cyberspace, followed by a discussion on recent notable cyberattacks. It is against this backdrop that: (1) the legal status of cyberspace in domestic law is analyzed; (2) the application of the existing rules of international law to cyberspace are considered; (3) the problems with the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime are discussed; and (4) proposals for a new Convention on cybersecurity at the UN level in light of the Tallinn Manual, and the Budapest Convention of Cybercrime are made.
Making National Cancer Institute–Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center Knowledge Accessible to Community Oncologists via an Online Tumor Board: Longitudinal Observational Study
Authors: Kalra Maitri , Henry Elizabeth , McCann Kelly , Karuturi Meghan S , Bustamante Alvarez Jean G , Parkes Amanda , Wesolowski Robert , Wei Mei , Mougalian Sarah S , Durm Gregory , Qin Angel , Schonewolf Caitlin , Trivedi Meghna , Armaghani Avan J , Wilson Frederick H , Iams Wade T , Turk Anita A , Vikas Praveen , Cecchini Michael , Lubner Sam , Pathak Priyadarshini , Spencer Kristen , Koshkin Vadim S , Labriola Matthew K , Marshall Catherine H , Beckermann Katy E ,   theMednet.org NCI-CCC Tumor Board Program Collaborative Group, Sharifi Marina N , Bejjani Anthony C , Hotchandani Varsha , Housri Samir , Housri Nadine
Published: May 2022

Background

Expert knowledge is often shared among multidisciplinary academic teams at tumor boards (TBs) across the country, but these conversations exist in silos and do not reach the wider oncology community.

Objective

Using an oncologist-only question and answer (Q&A) website, we sought to document expert insights from TBs at National Cancer Institute–designated Comprehensive Cancer Centers (NCI-CCCs) to provide educational benefits to the oncology community.

Methods

We designed a process with the NCI-CCCs to document and share discussions from the TBs focused on areas of practice variation on theMednet, an interactive Q&A website of over 13,000 US oncologists. The faculty translated the TB discussions into concise, non–case-based Q&As on theMednet. Answers were peer reviewed and disseminated in email newsletters to registered oncologists. Reach and engagement were measured. Following each Q&A, a survey question asked how the TB Q&As impacted the readers’ practice.

Results

A total of 23 breast, thoracic, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary programs from 16 NCI-CCC sites participated. Between December 2016 and July 2021, the faculty highlighted 368 questions from their TBs. Q&As were viewed 147,661 times by 7381 oncologists at 3515 institutions from all 50 states. A total of 277 (75%) Q&As were viewed every month. Of the 1063 responses to a survey question on how the Q&A affected clinicians’ practices, 646 (61%) reported that it confirmed their current practice, 163 (20%) indicated that a Q&A would change their future practice, and 214 (15%) reported learning something new.

Conclusions

Through an online Q&A platform, academics at the NCI-CCCs share knowledge outside the walls of academia with oncologists across the United States. Access to up-to-date expert knowledge can reassure clinicians’ practices, significantly impact patient care in community practices, and be a source of new knowledge and education.
COVID-19 і сепсис: клінічні паралелі особливостей перебігу та напрямки лікування
Authors: Kuchynska I.A. , Bogomaz V.M. , Halushko O.A. , Sydorova A.O. , Andriukhov A.H. , Romanyuk V.P. , Antoniuk L.I.
Published: May 2022

Стаття присвячена аналізу синдромокомплексів при сепсисі та тяжкому перебігу COVID-19, визначені основні патофізіологічні пріоритети в діагностиці та відмінності в лікуванні.
Отруєння чадним газом. Причини, діагностика, клінічні прояви та принципи лікування
Authors: Nedashkivskyi S.M. , Dzuba D.O. , Kalysh M.M. , Bohomol A.H.
Published: May 2022

Стаття присвячена причинам, які сприяють отруєнню чадним газом, основним симптомам, що притаманні отруєнню легкого, середнього та тяжкого ступеня. Розглянута патофізіологія отруєння, вплив карбоксигемоглобіну на різні органи й системи організму постраждалого. Висвітлюються профілактичні заходи, що сприяють запобіганню можливого отруєння. Наводяться принципи надання медичної допомоги постраждалим як на догоспітальному етапі, так і при лікуванні в умовах стаціонара.
Серотонін і епілепсія
Authors: Vashadze Shorena , Kekenadze Mariam , Brunjadze Sophio
Published: May 2022

Актуальність. Дослідження серотоніну при епілепсії численні, але важливість серотоніну при цьому захворюванні потребує подальшого вивчення. Метою роботи було проаналізувати клінічні особливості хворих на епілепсію і рівень серотоніну в сироватці крові в міжприступному періоді. Матеріали та методи. Клінічні дослідження проводилися в Батумському медичному центрі. Обстежено 80 хворих на епілепсію: 35 (43,75 %) чоловіків і 45 (56,25 %) жінок із середнім віком 50 ± 7 років. Усі пацієнти мали в анамнезі епілептичні напади протягом щонайменше одного року. Серед них було 55 (68,75 %) ocіб із симптоматичною епілепсією, які зазнали органічної черепно-мозкової травми. Симптоматичні парціальні напади діагностовано в 3 (3,75 %) випадках, а генералізовані — у 22 (27,5 %). Генез епілепсії підтверджено за допомогою нейровізуалізаційного методу (магнітно-резонансна томографія мозку). На основі аналізу клінічних даних виділено три групи пацієнтів, які відрізнялися за тяжкістю і перебігом епілепсії та не мали відмінностей за етіологією нападів, статтю й віком: 1-ша група — тяжкохворі з частими епілептичними нападами (5–10 разів на рік) при хронічному перебігу; 2-га група — особи зі стабільним перебігом захворювання, пацієнти з рідкими епілептичними нападами (2–3 рази на рік); 3-тя група — хворі, тривалість епілепсії в яких становить один рік. У контрольну групу включено 20 практично здорових осіб. Результати та висновки. У здорових пацієнтів рівень серотоніну знизився на 12,1 % (p < 0,04). В осіб, у яких тривалість епілепсії становить один рік, рівень серотоніну підвищився. У хворих із частими нападами і тяжкою епілепсією (1-ша група) спостерігається зниження рівня серотоніну (61,3 %). При стабільному перебігу (2-га група) зареєстровано помірне зменшення рівня серотоніну, що є вірогідно нижчим, ніж при тяжкому перебігу захворювання (24,1 %, p < 0,05). Уміст серотоніну в 3-й групі вищий, ніж у першій. У 1-й групі пацієнтів рівень серотоніну знизився до 2,541 ± 0,149 мкм/л (р < 0,01). Активація метаболізму триптофану є причиною зниження рівня серотоніну у хворих на епілепсію. При всіх формах епілепсії спостерігалося вірогідне зменшення міжприступного періоду порівняно з контрольною групою. У дослідженнях показано зв’язок між віком появи епілепсії і зниженням рівня серотоніну в крові.
Стан системного транспорту кисню залежно від показників гематокриту та гемоглобіну в умовах крововтрати в породіль
Authors: Мityuryev D.S. , Loskutov O.A. , Zezer A.A.
Published: May 2022

Актуальність. Масивні акушерські кровотечі (МАК) є найчастішою причиною материнської смертності у всьому світі. У даний час існує низка національних керівництв із ведення МАК, однак у них відсутні обґрунтовані вказівки на мінімально допустимий рівень гемоглобіну (Hb), при якому забезпечується мінімально допустима доставка кисню (IДO2). Метою даної роботи була оцінка стану системного транспорту кисню залежно від показників гематокриту та Hb в умовах крововтрати та визначення мінімально допустимого рівня Hb, при якому забезпечується адекватне відношення між системним транспортом кисню та кисневими потребами організму при розвитку МАК. Матеріали та методи. У дослідження ввійшли 113 породіль, у яких пологи ускладнилися крововтратою. Середній вік породіль становив 32,5 ± 6,4 року, середня маса тіла — 76,5 ± 12,4 кг, середній гестаційний термін — 39,5 ± 1,5 тижня. Домінуючими причинами розвитку МАК були: атонія матки (52,14 %), маткова інверсія (15,38 %) та емболія амніотичною рідиною (10,26 %). Рідше крововтрата спостерігалася внаслідок розриву матки (5,98 %), відшарування плаценти (5,98 %), передлежання плаценти (5,98 %) та затримки відділення плаценти (4,27 %). Післяпологова крововтрата становила в середньому 1830,5 ± 622,7 мл (від 1200 до 2500 мл). Усі кровотечі були зупинені згідно з чинним протоколом. Результати. При Ht 20,0–28,9 % та Hb 45,1–68,9 г/л і однакових показниках FiO2 = 100 % показники ІДО2 були у 2–3 рази нижчими порівняно з нормальним станом газотранспортної функції крові, тільки у пацієнтів із Ht 29,0–30,0 % та Hb 70,1–79,9 г/л значення ІДО2 були наближені до фізіологічної норми. При Ht 20,0–22,9 % та Hb 45,1–50,4 г/л показники індексу системного споживання кисню були удвічі меншими порівняно із загальноприйнятими фізіологічними нормами, а в пацієнток із Ht 29,0–30,0 % та Hb 70,1–79,9 г/л цей показник був у межах норми. При Ht 20,0–25,9 % та Hb 45,1–60,2 г/л показники тканинної екстракції кисню були в 1,5–2 рази більшими порівняно із загальноприйнятими фізіологічними нормами, а в пацієнток із Ht 29,0–30,0 % та Hb 70,1–79,9 г/л його значення були у межах норми. При рoзрaхунку мінімaльнo дoпуcтимoї вeличини Hb у породіль в умовах крововтрати за допомогою лінійної регресії з розрахунком коефіцієнтів мeтoдом нaймeнших квадратів були oтримaні знaчeння Hb 82,5365 г/л, які можна вважати мінімально допустимими в породіль в умовах МАК, при яких функціональний стан серця і кисневий обмін знаходяться на мінімальній межі фізіологічної норми.
Аналіз особливостей анестезіологічного забезпечення при операціях пластики передньої хрестоподібної зв’язки колінного суглоба на основі практики регіональної клінічної лікарні
Authors: Savchuk T.V. , Dziuba D.O. , Kliuzko I.V. , Loskutov O.A.
Published: May 2022

Протягом останніх 25 років спостерігається різке зростання кількості розривів зв’язок коліна, особливо розривів передньої хрестоподібної зв’язки. Артроскопічна реконструкція є золотим стандартом для такого роду травм, що зменшує частоту посттравматичного остеоартрозу та відновлює стабільність суглобів. Цей вид оперативних втручань характеризується вираженим больовим синдромом, що затримує ранню реабілітацію пацієнтів. Таким чином, ретельне планування протоколу постпроцедурного лікування болю при артроскопічній реконструкції є однією з головних прерогатив швидкого одужання та зниження захворюваності. У даній статті проведений аналіз анестезіологічного забезпечення 356 пацієнтів Київської обласної клінічної лікарні, яким проводилося оперативне втручання — артроскопічна пластика передньої хрестоподібної зв’язки колінного суглоба із застосуванням регіонарної анестезії, та здійснене порівняння ефективності методик регіонарної анестезії зі світовим досвідом на основі даних літературних джерел, а також показано, що на сьогодні не існує золотого стандарту протоколу знеболювання та консенсусу щодо оптимального лікування післяопераційного болю.
Порівняльна характеристика ранніх ускладнень після аортокоронарного шунтування залежно від схеми анестезіологічного забезпечення
Authors: Maruniak S.R.
Published: May 2022

Актуальність. Незважаючи на значну кількість публікацій щодо впливу компонентів схем анестезіологічного забезпечення на розвиток післяопераційних ускладнень, залишаються не до кінця зрозумілими питання вибору оптимальної схеми анестезіологічного забезпечення під час аортокоронарного шунтування (АКШ) у пацієнтів з ішемічною хворобою серця. Метою нашої роботи було порівняти вплив малоопіоїдної та високоопіоїдної схем анестезіологічного забезпечення на ранні клінічні результати в пацієнтів при аортокоронарному шунтуванні із штучним кровообігом (ШК). Матеріали та методи. У дослідження включено 120 пацієнтів, яким виконувалось АКШ в умовах штучного кровообігу. Медіана операційного ризику за EuroSCORE II — 3,45 % (2,15; 4,05 %). Відповідно до схеми анестезіологічного забезпечення всі пацієнти були розподілені на дві групи: перша група (60 осіб) — малоопіоїдна схема анестезіологічного забезпечення; друга група (60 осіб) — стандартна схема анестезіологічного забезпечення. Результати. У пацієнтів першої групи більш ніж удвічі вірогідно рідше спостерігався розвиток післяопераційної фібриляції передсердь (ПОФП) порівняно з другою групою (15,0 проти 31,7 %, р = 0,031). Крім того, у пацієнтів першої групи в 2,3 раза вірогідно рідше спостерігався синдром низького серцевого викиду (СНСВ) порівняно з другою групою (11,7 проти 26,7 %, р = 0,037). Вірогідними показниками для передбачення СНСВ виявлялись тривалість штучного кровообігу (р = 0,032) та рівень інтерлейкіну-6 (ІЛ-6) після ШК (р = 0,004). Остаточна статистична модель [F (4, N = 120) = 12,52, p < 0,001, R2 = 0,304] охоплює майже третину всіх факторів розвитку СНСВ. Вірогідними показниками для передбачення ПОФП виявлявся лише рівень ІЛ-6 після ШК, остаточна статистична модель [F (4, N = 120) = 11,54, p < 0,001, R2 = 0,286]. Висновки. Отримані результати підтверджують безпеку клінічного використання схем анестезіологічного забезпечення з низькими дозами опіоїдів у кардіохірургічних хворих і підкреслюють можливість більш консервативного використання опіоїдів у кардіохірургії.
Перспектива застосування сучасних анальгетиків центральної дії для лікування гострого післяопераційного болю в пацієнтів травматологічного профілю
Authors: Shostak M.A. , Kryzhevskyi V.V. , Domoratskyi O.E. , Hladkykh V.Yu. , Yakubets O.A.
Published: May 2022

Застосування схеми мультимодальної анальгезії на основі парацетамолу та НПЗП не завжди ефективно дозволяє контролювати біль. Регіонарні методики, безумовно, виглядають привабливими, особливо для пацієнтів травматологічного, ортопедичного профілю, але вони мають свої недоліки: висока вартість, складність технічного виконання, звикання до місцевих анестетиків. Застосування опіоїдів є класичним методом лікування післяопераційного болю з добре відомими позитивними та негативними ефектами. Таким чином, пошук альтернативних схем лікування післяопераційного болю є необхідним у сучасній анестезіології, інтенсивній терапії, травматології та хірургії тощо. Досить привабливим виглядає застосування анальгетика центральної дії нефопаму гідрохлориду у схемі мультимодального знеболювання. У статті розглянемо сучасні проблеми знеболювання травматологічних хворих та можливість застосування нефопаму гідрохлориду для менеджменту болю.
Bug Detection and Report: A Case Study on Dataset for Software Management using Security Bug Report
Authors: Vinothini A , R Hariharan
Published: May 2022

Abstract: In order to build a prediction model we must label a large amount of data in order to mine software repositories. The accuracy of the labels has a significant impact on a model's performance. However, there have been few research that have looked into the influence on a prediction model, there are occurrences that have been mislabeled.. To close the gap, we conduct a research project on how to report a security bug (SBR)prediction in this paper. Furthermore, it has the potential to mislead SBR prediction research. We first enhance the label validity of these 5 datasets by personally evaluating each and every bugcomplaint in this study, and we discover 749 SBRs that were previously Non-SBRs have been mislabeled(NSBRs). We then examine the performance of the classification models both on messy (before the alteration) and cleaner (after our reconfiguration) datasets , impact of dataset label correctness. The results suggest that cleaning the datasets improves the performance of classification models. Index Terms: Prediction of security bug reports, data quality, software detection and report
Online Examination System
Authors: Sonpipare Rohan
Published: May 2022

Abstract: The online Examination portal is a web-based application for technical evaluation. The online examination portal not only replaces paperwork but also releases the workload of faculty. Most of the e-examination (Online Examinations) have fixed number of questions without randomizations, they have pool scalability. Online examination system is increasing rapidly with the change in scenario due to the pandemic, also it seems to be an easy, flexible, and secure methodology to carry the examinations effectively. Keywords: RDBMS- Relational Database Management System, LDAP- Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, SRS-Software Requirement Specification, DFD- Data Flow Diagram, GPL- General Public License
Morphological Process of COVID-19 Neologisms: A Study of Compounding
Authors: Amiruddin Nurhalimah , Yassi Abdul Hakim , Sukmawaty Sukmawaty
Published: May 2022

This study investigates the compounding process in COVID-19 neologisms. It focuses on words that coexist with words synonymous with the COVID-19 pandemic and the level of public understanding of neologisms that will enter general acceptance through standard English dictionaries. This research is qualitative research. The data comes from Urban Dictionary as a non-standard dictionary involving the community as neologism makers. Data was collected from the first confirmed case of COVID-19 in China on December 8, 2019 to January 31, 2022. Each neologism that resulted from the compounding process with two constituent words was collected to get the most widely used identical word, then compounding by including these words would be analysed to know the results and also the score. We have been found that the lower the score obtained by neologisms with match results, the greater the expectation that neologisms can be accepted by the general public as a global language through standard English dictionaries. Vice versa, the higher the score obtained by neologisms, the smaller the expectations of neologisms can be accepted. However, neologisms with mismatch results are difficult to accept, and even the resulting scores cannot predict anything. Another fact that was found was the error result as a result of the absence of the definition referred to in the standard dictionary. From the overall analysis, nouns are the most used word class.
Religious Moderation in the Frame of B’ Religi
Authors: Faridi Faridi
Published: May 2022

This article discusses the importance of instilling religious moderation for students at SMA Negeri 3 Malang. The cultivation of religious moderation is framed in a religious activity entitled B'Religi with the hope that students can understand and apply religious moderation in everyday life both in the school and especially in the society. This research uses a qualitative approach with a single case study type. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis used a descriptive-exploratory model involving three components of analysis, namely: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. This study concludes that religious moderation cannot be done conceptually through formal learning. Religious moderation is important because the ethnicity, religion, and religious ideology of students at SMAN 3 are diverse.
Building of Religious Character in Muhammadiyah Elementary School on Tanjung Redeb, Berau, East Kalimantan
Authors: Wisono Dody , Kkhozin Khozin
Published: May 2022

The development of religious character is an effort to bring awareness to students about divine behavior and social behavior. The occurrence of a character crisis in the current generation of the Indonesian nation makes the formation of religious character a necessity that must begin with basic education. This study aims to describe the reasons for the Muhammadiyah Tanjung Redeb Elementary School to instill religious character values ​​to students, and the model of religious character formation conducted at the Muhammadiyah Elementary School in Tanjung Redeb.This research uses a qualitative approach to the type of case study. Research data were collected by observation, interview and documentation techniques, and analyzed by data condensation techniques, data presentation (disply data) and conclusion drawing. Research results show that the inculcation of religious character values ​​in SD Muhammuhammadiyah Tanjung Redeb is based on psychological aspects that refer to the condition of learners' behavior, theological aspects that are based on Islamic religious teachings, and constitutional aspects based on state rules. Whereas the model of the cultivation of religious character values ​​that are applied at SD Muhammadiyah Tanjung Redeb includes moral modeling (providing moral exemplary), moral knowing (providing moral knowledge), habituation (habituation), and moral acting (practicing morals) which are packaged in integrated programs. and sustainable. This research provides a thesis that religious activities that are packaged integrally, which are implemented through continuous habituation, will be able to shape the religious character of students effectively.
Time-series dynamics of Baltic trade flows: Structural breaks, regime shifts, and exchange-rate volatility
Authors:   Department of Economics, Hegerty Scott W. ,   College of Arts and Sciences,   Northeastern Illinois University, USA
Published: May 2022

Aim/purpose – In the decades since their reintegration with the West, the small open economies of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania have seen their trade flows grow substan- tially. While the mix of trade partners has evolved over time, the region has been affect- ed by various political and economic shocks. This study examines the bilateral trade balances between the Baltic countries and nine partners to investigate whether there have been structural breaks due to political or economic events. Because these events may have been “priced into” exchange rates or increased these rates’ volatility, connections between these variables and trade balances are also considered. Design/methodology/approach – Monthly data beginning in 1994 are taken from the International Monetary Fund’s Direction of Trade Statistics [DOTS]. Trade partners include the Nordic countries of Finland, Sweden, and Norway, as well as Poland, Russia, and the United States and country groupings such as the CIS, Advanced Economies, and the World. Ratios of the export and import values are used to create bilateral trade bal- ances. The Bai–Perron (1998) structural break test is then used to identify “break points” that can classify time periods into regimes. Baltic nominal and real effective exchange rates, both in log changes and as a GARCH-based volatility measure, show whether regimes correspond to competitiveness or risk. Correlations are calculated to show links between bilateral trade balances and real exchange rates. Findings – Each trade balance has at least one structural break; many have more. In fewer than half of the cases do these correspond to specific events such as EU accession or the Global Financial Crisis. Trade with Russia has decreased, particularly for Estonia and Latvia. But many partners with historical ties, such as Estonia-Finland, Latvia- -Sweden, and Lithuania-Poland have more breaks than do other partners (such as Estonia- -Poland). Structural breaks in real exchange-rate returns and volatility do not match those of trade balances, and correlations between returns and trade balances are low. Research implications/limitations – These findings open the door to future research on the macroeconomic and cultural/historical factors behind these trade linkages and any changes in regimes. However, no structural determinants have yet been estimated. Originality/value/contribution – This study isolates changes in trade regimes, which can be further explained by specific events or particular dates. It also shows that variance has changed as well as the mean, but this differs by country and by the partner. Keywords: Trade flows, Baltics, time series, structural breaks. JEL Classification: F14, F4, C1.
Efecto del peso pregestacional y la ganancia de peso en el embarazo sobre el peso del recién nacido en embarazadas adolescentes.
Authors: Paredes Villarroel Ximena Isabel
Published: May 2022

La nutrición, sin duda, es un factor que determina el crecimiento fetal y la vida posterior al nacimiento. El estado nutricional de la madre y su efecto directo en el recién nacido ha sido ampliamente estudiado. No obstante, existen vías indirectas que no se han analizado mayormente, como la ganancia de peso durante el embarazo. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto del peso pregestacional mediado por la ganancia de peso gestacional sobre el peso del recién nacido.
Metodología: Diseño Observacional de cohorte histórica.
El análisis de los datos incluyó estadística descriptiva utilizando chi2 y Mann Whitney. Para evaluar el efecto directo y/o mediado de las variables, peso habitual de la embarazada (peso previo al embarazo) y ganancia de peso gestacional sobre el peso del recién nacido, se utilizaron modelos de ecuaciones estructurales.
Resultados: De manera directa el peso habitual de la mujer afecta el peso del recién nacido, de modo que, por cada kilo de aumento materno, el peso del niño aumenta 9,7 gramos. Adicionalmente, se pudo encontrar que, por cada kilogramo de ganancia de peso materno, el peso del niño aumentó 17,47 gramos.
Conclusiones: Los hallazgos son de gran importancia, ya que si bien, iniciar la gestación con un peso materno adecuado es importante para el bienestar del recién nacido, este estudio sugiere que el impacto de la alimentación en el proceso es mayor, por lo que dirigir estrategias de adecuada alimentación en la gestación es primordial.
Black Mirror: nuevos lectores, reflejo del entorno tecnológico
Authors: Vizio Paula S.
Published: May 2022

Este artículo surge de la tesis Lectura en pantallas: Representaciones adolescentes sobre la lectura en soportes digitales para la Maestría en Tecnología Educativa de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (Argentina), con el apoyo de la Fundación Lúminis para el programa Formador de Formadores 2019. El objetivo fue dar cuenta de las representaciones de los jóvenes de los últimos años de la escuela secundaria sobre las prácticas de lectura en soportes digitales.Se realizó un abordaje cualitativo, desde una lógica inductiva, que buscó la generación de categorías de análisis para conocer el fenómeno en profundidad. Se utilizaron el diseño de teoría fundamentada, el método comparativo constante y el muestreo teórico. Se tomó como unidad de análisis una muestra intencional de alumnos para realizar entrevistas en profundidad. Se complementó dicho procedimiento con la observación de las prácticas propiamente dichas y, posteriormente, se agregaron nuevas entrevistas para profundizar lo observado.
Real-world evidence for the long-term effect of allergen immunotherapy: current status on database-derived studies
Authors: Vogelberg Christian , Klimek Ludger , Brüggenjürgen Bernd , Jutel Marek
Published: May 2022

Background: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the
gold-standard for benefit-risk assessments during drug approval
processes. Real-word data (RWD) and the resulting real-world evidence
(RWE) are becoming increasingly important for assessing the
effectiveness of drug products after marketing authorization showing how
RCT results are transferred into real life care. The effectiveness of
allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has been assessed in several RWE studies
based on large prescription databases. Methods: We performed a
literature search for retrospective cohort assessments of prescription
databases in Europe to provide an overview on the methodology, long-term
effectiveness outcomes and adherence to AIT. Results: 13
respective publications were selected. AIT was more effective in
reducing the progression of allergic rhinitis (AR) compared to a non-AIT
control group receiving only symptomatic treatment for AR for up to 6
years. The development and progression of asthma was hampered for most
endpoints in patients treated with most preparations compared to the
non-AIT group, receiving only anti-asthmatic medication. The results for
“time to onset” of asthma were inconsistent. Adherence to AIT
decreased during the recommended 3-years treatment period, however in
most studies higher adherence to subcutaneous than to sublingual AIT was
shown. Conclusion: The analysis of long-term effectiveness
outcomes of the RWE studies based on prescription databases confirms the
long-term efficacy of AIT demonstrated in RCTs. Progression of rhinitis
and asthma symptoms as well as delayed onset of asthma triggered by
different allergens, real life adherence to the treatment shows
differences in particular application routes.
Case Report of a Chinese Cystic Fibrosis Boy with the c.1521_1523delCTT/c.3874-4522A>G Genotypes
Authors: Su Yanyan , tang xiaolei , Shen Yuelin , Tang Yu
Published: May 2022

This report entails a case of an 11-year-old Chinese boy with cystic
fibrosis (CF), who bears the
c.1521_1523delCTT/c.3874-4522A>G genotype, which is
extremely rare in Chinese population. Notably, the deep intron mutation
c.3874-4522A>G was the first time identified among Chinese
patients, which was reported mainly associated with mild phenotype. It
is generally considered that a mild allele sustains CFTR function
in a dominant fashion, even if paired with a severe allele. However, in
the present report, the c.3874-4522A>G mutation was found
related to severe pulmonary diseases, including early symptom onset,
progressive bronchiectasis, recurrent airway P. aeruginosa
combined with MRSA, rapid decline of lung function, and poor weight
gain, which suggesting severe phenotype. Despite intensive chest care
and optimized therapy, the child ultimately died of cardiopulmonary
failure 3 months after discharge.
Effect of surgeon case volume on major surgical complications for abdominal and laparoscopic radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer in China, 2004-2016: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Liang Cong , Li Weili , Liu Xiaoyun , Zhao Hongwei , Yin Lu , Li Mingwei , Guo Yu , Lang Jinghe , Bin Xiaonong , Liu Ping , Chen Chunlin
Published: May 2022

Abstract Objectives: To examine changes in surgeon volume over time and
evaluate the influence of surgeon volume on complications of abdominal
radical hysterectomy (ARH) and laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH)
for cervical cancer. Design: A retrospective cohort study. Setting: 42
hospitals in China. Population: 14536 patients undergoing ARH and 8148
patients underwent LRH. Methods: The influence of the surgeon volume of
ARH and LRH on surgical complications was examined using multivariable
logistic regression models. Main outcome measures: Intraoperative
complications and postoperative complications. Results: In the ARH
cohort, the mean surgeon case volume increased from 3.5 cases in 2004 to
8.7 cases in 2013 and then decreased to 4.9 cases in 2016. The number of
surgeons performing LRH increased from 1 surgeon with 1 patient (mean
cases=1) in 2004 to 183 surgeons who operated on 2,206 patients in 2016
(mean cases=12.1) (P< 0.01). In the ARH, patients treated by
intermediate-volume surgeons had more postoperative complications
(OR=1.55, 95% CI=1.11-2.15). In the laparoscopic surgery cohort,
surgeon volume had no independent effect on intraoperative or
postoperative complications (P=0.46; P=0.13). Conclusions: The
performance of ARH by intermediate-volume surgeons is associated with an
increased risk of postoperative complications. However, surgeon volume
may have little effect on intraoperative or postoperative complications
after LRH.
A case report of visceral leishmaniasis with pancytopenia and splenomegaly: a diagnostic challenge
Authors: Ibrahim Abdirahman Moallim
Published: May 2022

This case report presents an 8 year old male patient from southcentral
Somalia with clinical feature of visceral leishmaniasis but negative
rk39 test, which possess a major challenge for the diagnosis and
treatment of Visceral leishmania. After we ruled out other differential
diagnosis, we successfully treated him with amphotericinB
Himalayan Black Bear–Human Conflict (A Case Study from Guthichaur Rural Municipality, Jumla, Nepal)
Authors: Rawal Akshay Kumar , Timilsina Sachin , Gautam Subash , Khanal Manita , Silwal Thakur , Adhikari Hari
Published: May 2022

Human–wildlife conflict (HWC) threatens the existence of precious
wildlife in nature. This study assesses human–black-bear conflicts in
Guthichaur Rural Municipality of Jumla district, Nepal. A household
questionnaire survey (n=84), key informants survey (n=5), and focus
group discussion (n=8) were conducted to collect the wildlife-conflict
information during the period 2009–2019. Results reveal that 85% of
the respondents suffered from crop damage in the year 2019. Five people
were attacked, and livestock depredation was observed to be 55% during
the decade, 2009–2019. The black bear was responsible for livestock
depredation, with the most frequently depredated livestock being the cow
and ox (70.12%). The depredation was high from April to August due to
the transhumance grazing system. Of the total number of attacks on
livestock, 94% was found to occur in forest and rangeland; moreover,
these attacks occurred at night, constituting about 47% of the total
number of events. Local people were supportive of black-bear
conservation. This study is aimed at those aware, local communities that
support the ecological value of black bears in the environment.
Universe before Big Bang
Authors: Bhattacharjee Deep
Published: May 2022

The ghost condensation of the early universe in a pre-big bang phase has
been presented in this paper through duration of a non-singular bounce.
The undergoing universe contracts and passes smoothly in an expanding
universe via a post-big bang phase. Initially developing and then taming
any ghost like instabilities, the Null Energy Condition (NEC) is
explicitly violated through the curvature mechanism of an adiabatic
perturbed metric. The vacuum state of the ongoing phase is stabilized
via a La-grangian that in essence stabilizes the vacuum state under the
higher order derivatives. The violation of the NEC regards a
catastrophic vacuum instability, which re-emerges with a correction
valid at small energies and momenta, below the UV-cutoff scale that,
could potentially be problematic if one tries to construct a
UV-completed theory of this Ekpyrotic model. The scale-invariant
curvature perturbation, that arises and is sourced out of the
scale-invariant entropy perturbations sourced by 2-Ekpyrotic scalar
fields, that, in contrast, becomes constant on the super-horizon limits,
due to the non-singular nature of the background geometry. Apart, from
the ghost condensates, this theory addresses the new Ekpyrotic theory
which in order becomes a distinguishable alternative to inflation theory
for the birth of the universe. As per the recent WMAP data, the
Ekpyrotic model has a spectral red tilt that shows the bounced scalar
potential falling through a negative phase shift during the matter-fluid
fluctuations in the hot big bang phase.
Inversion of Soil Properties with Hyperspectral Reflectance in Well-facilitied Capital Farmland Construction Areas
Authors: zhang qiuxia , Liu Wenkai , Zhang Hebing , Ma Shou-Chen , Wang Xinsheng
Published: May 2022

Well-facilitied capital farmland construction is an important measure to
enhance the ability to ensure food security and accelerate new-style the
modernization agriculture. Hyperspectral remote sensing can be provide
data basis and technical support for realization the construction of
well-facilitied capital farmland，to provide a reference for exploring
the optimization of well-facilitied capital farmland construction area.
Taking Xinzheng City of main grain producing areas in Henan province as
the research object, using field sampling and indoor hyperspectral
spectroscopy (350~2500 nm) combined, the spectral
transformations such as Continuum removal（ CR） are carried out
after the Savitzky-Golay（ SG） convolution smoothing, the best
hyperspectral bands as the common index of the soil properties were
selected by the correlation analysis and Fuzzy clustering maximum
tree，focused on
405~431nm、781nm~831nm、1044~1087nm、1251~1410nm、1836~1898nm、2080nm~2201nm、2324~2395nm.
The hyperspectral inversion model had been built by Panel date model of
fixed effect variable coefficient based on the ordinary least squares
estimation method ( OLS), that is about the panel data of
PH、SOM、AN、AP、AK、Fe、Cr、Cd、Zn、Cu、Pb of 116 samples in Xinzheng
City. The results showed that: The Panel date model significantly
overall, the goodness of fit is higher (in the model,
=0.9991， F = 2195.67）. The result of
precision test indicates that models performed well in modeling and
predicting with a good ability of quantificational prediction, with RPD
values were greater than 2.5.
Starr Edwards Ball Caged Mechanical Heart Valves' Reverberations -Need for a Phoenix of Analysis with a Critical Mindset
Authors: Arokiaraj Mark Christopher
Published: May 2022

It has been 60 years since the invention of the caged ball mechanical
heart valve prosthesis. Since then, it has undergone modifications and
transformations. Starr Edwards has been the pioneer valve, which was
eliminated from the clinical practice in the late 2000s. Numerous
reports of Starr Edwards reaching 50 years or near are emerging from
different parts of the world. The article discusses the potential
advantages, the author’s observations and review of literature about the
thrombogenicity, pannus formation, left ventricular outflow tract
obstructions, and infective endocarditis in the Starr Edwards valves,
which were reportedly higher before its clinical ending, was only an
overestimation and not supported by scientific data, though it was less.
The bulky size and unattractive protruding shape were the primary causes
of its elimination. Numerous successful implantations in Asian countries
were observed, and observations of less primary failures and sudden
cardiac deaths with these valves. Hence, there is a need for large data
collections and documentation about these valves for a potential revival
of use, especially when long-term durability is contemplated.
Using Textual Analysis to Detect Initial Coin Offering Frauds
Authors: Chiu Tiffany , Chiu Victoria , Wang Tawei , Wang Yunsen
Published: May 2022

Initial coin offering (ICO) has attracted a lot of attention from the public in recent years due to its association with potentially fraudulent activities. In order to offer practical implications to investors and regulators when evaluating ICO projects, this study examines the use of textual analysis in detecting potential ICO fraud cases. By using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC), we extracted the textual characteristics of 1,402 English whitepapers that may have been indicators of potential fraud based on the prior literature, including first-person plural pronouns, adverbs, and certainty, and formed a risk index for potentially problematic ICOs. Our findings suggest that the use of these words reflects the warning signals raised by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) about potentially problematic ICO projects, which can therefore be used by regulators and investors when evaluating ICOs. Implications are discussed.
On Teachers’ Interpretations of Responsibility in a Norwegian Language Training Programme
Authors: Kristiansen Aslaug
Published: May 2022

This study aims to investigate how teachers carry out their professional responsibility in daily teaching. It is conducted at a school that offers language training programs for adult immigrants and refugees. The data is based on participant observation in classrooms and interviews with the teachers. The findings indicate that a clear consciousness of the role of a teacher seems to be a “governing principle” for the practice of professional responsibility, whether the role concerns being accountable regarding the teacher’s contract with the greater society or moral considerations in the daily student and teacher interaction.
PELATIHAN DAN PENDAMPINGAN UMKM PENGRAJIN TENUN DI DESA KARANGREJO PURWOSARI PASURUAN
Authors: Ratnawati Susi , Pramudia Ika Devy , Alfinero Ayes Sandro
Published: May 2022

Karangrejo Purwosari Pasuruan Village seeks to find business potential for its people there, especially among the new generation. Gutehan Hamlet is located in Karangrejo Village and Karangrejo Village itself has three Hamlets. So apart from Gutehan, ot  her hamlets are named, Krajan and Karangtengah. Already in the early 30s in this village was part of weaving craftsmen, then masui in the 60s the community began to move from weaving to doormats and until now the most important thing is the doormat craftsmen. Not only doormats in the sense of cleaning feet, but also fabric loyalties for mopping and for cleaning households are also produced in this village.

However, there are many problems faced by some residents who are involved in this business. Some of these problems come from the lack of trained human resources in this field, making it difficult for residents there to continue the learning and manufacturing process. Apart from that it comes from the factor of public awareness, the community is less aware of what it means that this is a cultural heritage that must remain and must be preserved. Many youths who run to the city choose to work as factory workers rather than in this business which, if calculated, is not inferior to the factory workers' salary, even if the turnover is calculated, it might be more. Then the last, lack of awareness of the importance of legalization and IPR, they think that without legalization and without a brand their business has been successful and they have had enough of it, they are very comfortable with that kind of thing.

Several programs are broadly directed at increasing capacity and quality aimed at business actors, both employers and employees or craftsmen. Among other things, socializing to SME entrepreneurs to have a wider capacity through digital marketing. Then socialize to UMKM entrepreneurs about the importance of intellectual property rights and brand rights as an increase in the quality of the business that is currently being engaged.
Pelatihan Pengolahan Produk Empon-empon Untuk Meningkatkan Pendapatan Masyarakat
Authors: Susetyohadi Agus , Adha Mufti Alam
Published: May 2022

Agricultural products that are considered to have prospects are empon-empon. The types of empon-empon that have been produced by the farmers are temu comedy, white turmeric, yellow turmeric and ginger. Once the harvest season (usually June to December) a maximum of 200 tons fresh only for ginger and turmeric/yellow turmeric. This amount is based on market orders. The potential for these large empons needs special attention, because when sold in the form of fresh empons, the selling value is very low and the profits obtained are very small. For this reason, it is necessary to think about an effort to diversify products from these empon-empon materials by applying appropriate science and technology. This diversification is intended to find new types of products from empon-empon materials with standard quality qualities so that they have high competitiveness in the domestic market and export market. With this science and technology-based diversification, the market opportunity is getting bigger (increasing sales volume), higher selling value with much bigger profit. The choice to develop products from empon-empon raw materials is very appropriate. First, in terms of its function, apart from being a food flavoring agent, empon-empon is also an ingredient of herbal medicine to cure various diseases which are now in great demand.