bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pendayagunaan Kekuasaan Pemerintah Kota Banda Aceh Era Illiza Sa'aduddin Djamal Dalam Mewujudkan Kota Madani
Authors: Fahmi Reza , Haryanto Haryanto
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana upaya-upaya yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Kota Banda Aceh era Illiza Sa’aduddin Djamal dalam mewujudkan kota madani. Untuk menjawab hal tersebut, penulis menggunakan konsep sumber daya kekuasaan dari Charles F. Andrain untuk melihat seberapa besar sumber daya kekuasaan yang dimiliki dan bagaimana sumber daya kekuasaan tersebut dimanfaatkan. Metode penelitian adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara. Aktor-aktor yang terlibat langsung dalam pelaksanaan syariat Islam di kota Banda Aceh terutama dari unsur pemerintah menjadi sumber data utama dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa sumber daya kekuasaan yang dimiliki oleh Pemerintah Kota Banda Aceh cukup besar. Walaupun demikian, refleksi atas upaya yang telah dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Kota Banda Aceh dalam mewujudkan kota madani menunjukkan bahwa sumber daya yang dimiliki masih belum dapat dimaksimalkan, sehingga hal ini berimbas pada hasil akhir yang dapat dicapai. Sekalipun upaya untuk mewujudkan kota madani belum bisa terwujud sepenuhnya, pada dasarnya dapat dimaknai bahwa Pemerintah Kota sedang membangun tatanan sumber daya yang lebih kuat, dukungan yang lebih memadai lewat partisipasi masyarakat untuk ikut andil bersama meningkatkan pelaksanaan syariat Islam guna mewujudkan Banda Aceh menjadi kota madani. This study aims to explain how the efforts made by the Banda Aceh City Government in the era of Illiza Sa'aduddin Djamal in realizing a civilized city. To answer this, the author uses the concept of power resources from Charles F. Andrain to see how much power resources are owned and how these power resources are utilized. The research method is qualitative with a case study approach. The data collection technique was carried out by the interview. Actors who are directly involved in the implementation of Islamic law in the city of Banda Aceh, especially from government elements, are the main data sources in this study. The results showed that the power resources owned by the Banda Aceh City Government were quite large. However, reflections on the efforts that have been made by the Banda Aceh City Government in realizing a civilian city show that the resources they have are still not maximized, so this has an impact on the final results that can be achieved. Even though the effort to realize a civil city has not yet been fully realized, it can basically be interpreted that the City Government is building a stronger resource structure, more adequate support through community participation to take part in increasing the implementation of Islamic law in order to make Banda Aceh a civil city.
GUA MABITCE: DATA BARU SITUS HOABINH DI SUMATRA BAGIAN UTARA
Authors: Setiawan Taufiqurrahman , Ferdianto Anton , Susilowati Nenggih , Aswan Aswan , Syam Andi Irfan , Saputra Anggun Ibowo , Wahyudi Dwi , Andreian Deni , Bahrum Muhammad , Primawan Primawan , Silalahi Sopingi
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Gua Mabitce: New Evidence of Hoabinh Site in Northern Sumatra. Gua Mabitce Cave is one of the caves that have the potential for archaeological research on the western coast of Aceh. The surface archaeological data of Sumatralith and the shell layers indicated this location possibly occupied in the past. How occupation and cultural characteristics are found at this site? What questions can be answered by conducting excavations to collect the underground archaeological data? The excavation data are analyzed and interpreted to describe the occupation in Gua Mabitce Cave. Although the dating of this site chronology cannot be obtained because the samples have not been analyzed, the results of the analysis of stone artifacts showed the cultural character of Hoabinh with stone tools artifacts, Sumatralith and flakes as its main equipment. The use of direct percussion is a very dominant technique for making stone tools. The cultural and residential characteristics of the Mabitce Cave are similar to other pre-neolithic sites in northern Sumatra, such as open sites on the east coast of northern Sumatra and cave/rock-shelter sites in the Bukit Barisan Mountains in the Aceh and North Sumatra regions.

 

Abstrak. Gua Mabitce merupakan salah satu gua di Pesisir Barat Aceh yang memiliki potensi untuk diteliti secara arkeologis. Temuan kapak batu sumatralit dan fitur lapisan cangkang kerang di permukaan lantainya memberikan gambaran awal kemungkinan adanya hunian pada masa lalu. Bagaimana hunian dan karakter budaya yang ditemukan di lokasi ini? Jawaban pertanyaan itu perlu dilakukan ekskavasi di Gua Mabitce untuk memperoleh data arkeologi di bawah permukaan. Data artefak, ekofak, fitur, dan sebarannya dianalisis dan diinterpretasikan untuk menemukan gambaran kronologi dan penghunian di Gua Mabitce. Walaupun kronologi waktu situs belum dapat diperoleh karena sampel pertanggalan belum  dapat dianalisis, hasil analisis artefak batu menunjukkan karakter budaya Hoabinh dengan artefak batu,  sumatralith, dan serpih batu sebagai peralatan utamanya. Penggunaan kerakal yang dipangkas pada satu  sisi sangat dominan ditemukan. Karakter budaya dan hunian di Gua Mabitce memiliki kesamaan dengan situs-situs pre-Neolitik lainnya di Sumatra bagian utara, seperti situs terbuka di pesisir timur Sumatra  bagian utara dan situs gua/ceruk di Pegunungan Bukit Barisan di wilayah Aceh dan Sumatra Utara.
THE CORE OF WAJO CONFEDERATION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY IN TOSORA, CINNOTABI AND LAMASEWANUA
Authors: Fadillah Moh. Ali , Irfan Mahmud Muhammad , Hakim Budianto
Published: December 2020

“The beginning of Wajo's establishment began with the migration of people from various places to open rice fields and build settlements to the east of Lake Tempe. The settlements were then transformed into political units which formed a 'state' under the rule of a nobleman based in Cinnotabi. Several political agreements underlie the formation of a confederation of three domains. Regime change resulted in the transfer of the center of government. Lontara Wajo and the oral tradition mention some toponyms but do not explain in detail where the core of the Wajo confederation lies. This research is aimed at determining the location and character of the toponym by conducting field surveys in places that are suspected of being associated with the existence of the pre-Islamic capital of Wajo. Using an archaeological approach and supported by information from textual sources. Surveys in the villages of Tosora, Cinnongtabi and Tajo in Majauleng District have identified the existence of the old capitals around Wajo-wajo, Boli, Leppadeppa, Attunuang, and other sites based on archeological traces such as menhirs, burned bone fragments, pottery and ceramics shards and other artifacts. Identification of imported ceramic fragments from China, Thailand, Vietnam, these sites might be dated between the 14th and 17th centuries. Taking into account the concentration of artefacts and relations between sites, it can be concluded that Tosora  was the capital from the end of the 16th century and until the arrival of Islam at the beginning of the 17th century, while the capital of the early period of Wajo hypothetically was dated between the beginning of the 15th century and the end of the 16th century was around the confluence of Wajo-wajoe river which flows into Latamperu and Penrange lake which then empties into Cellue river before ending at the Cenrana mainstream”
Salivary and plasmatic incorporation of fatty acids after their immediate intake in rats
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Cordoba-Argentina, Combina Herrera César , Escandriolo Nackauzi Jorge ,   Cátedra de Anatomía General, Carrera de Odontología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Adventista del Plata. Libertador San Martín, Entre Ríos, Argentina, Actis Adriana B ,   Universidad Nacional de Cordoba-Argentina
Published: December 2020

Objective: the aim of this study was to analyze salivary and plasma fatty acid (FA) levels after their immediate intake in rats.Methods: 6 adult male Wistar rats were fed on commercial diet until the 12th week of life, in which it was replaced by a laboratory diet containing corn oil (6%) as a lipid source (linoleic 18: 2 n-6 FA). At 12 and 24 hours after the diet change, rats were anesthetized and salivary secretion was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of isoproterenol / pilocarpine (5 mg/kg each) before their sacrifice. Total saliva (S) was collected for 20 min by using intraoral cotton rolls. Blood was obtained (cardiac puncture) to separate plasma (P) (centrifugation). S and P lipids were extracted for FA methylation and analysis by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. Spearman correlation and linear regression coefficients (p≤0.05) were applied. Results: 18:2 n-6 FA was detected in S and P at 12 and 24 hours, being higher at 24 hours and in P. A higher number of FA was also found at 12 and 24 hours both in P than in S. 24/12 hour concentration ratios in S were 16:0 (1.20); 16:1 (1.65); 18:0 (0.33); 18:1 n-9 (1.55); 18:2 n-6 (1.70); 20:4 n-6 (1.20) and 22:6 n-3 (1.19) and in P: 16:0 (0.49); 16:1 (4.84); 18:0 (3.43); 18:1 n-9 (3.14); 18:2 n-6 (1.75); 20:4 n-6 (0.52) and 22:6 n-3 (0.73). A significant positive correlation between S and P 16:1 n-9 FA and a high regression between 16:0;16:1 n-9 and 18:0 salivary/plasma FA was found. Conclusion: this preliminary study showed that the 18:2 n-6 FA intake is rapidly reflected in rat S and P, with a time increase, and that there is a correlation between some FA of both fluids.
Produksi Bionanomineral Selenium Dari Berbagai Jenis Strain Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL) Sebagai Aditif pada Ransum Ternak Ruminansia
Authors: Nurfitriani Rizki Amalia , Ridwan Roni , Jayanegara Anuraga , Kumalasari Nur Rochmah , Ratnakomala Santi , Widyastuti Yantyati
Published: December 2020

Mineral absorption in ruminants have not been maximal. This would be seen from the various problems that occur in ruminants, one of which was caused by mineral deficiency, especially the mineral Selenium (Se). Therefore, it was necessary to have applied technology to increase the absorption of Se minerals, one of which was used by bionanomineral technology. The purpose of this study was to determine the production of bionanomineral Se from various types of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) strains. The method used consisted of preparing tools and materials, breeding lactic acid bacteria, making Bionanomineral Se, and observed the production of Bionanomineral Se. The research treatment consisted of 2 stages, namely the first stage consisting of 4 treatments of different LAB strains: TSD 10, SPCE, DR162, and IA2, stage 2 each LAB strains were given treatment doses of 25 ppm and 50 ppm. The parameters observed included Stage 1: Bionanomineral production produced by intracellular and extracellular bacteria, stage 2: Optical Density (OD) and pH. The research design used a quantitative descriptive. The results showed that extracellular bionanomineral production was more than intracellular, the addition of 25 to 50 ppm Se showed that the OD of the four bacterial strains survived, and the pH results varied from each bacterial strain but were still within the normal range. The conclusion of this research was the production of bionanomineral Se as much as 25 ppm and 50 ppm in various types of different LAB strains, would be used as a potential source of organic Se minerals for ruminants.
Law on national security: institution, branch, legal regime?
Authors: Putintsev Andrey Vladimirovich
Published: December 2020

 The subject of this article is the ontological status of the body of legal norms regulating social relations in the area of national security, set in the international legal acts, acts of strategic planning, federal and regional laws and bylaws of different levels. The author carries out a methodological analysis of scientific publications in the field of the general theory of law, scrutinizes the methodological categories of “legal Institution”, “branch of law”, “legal regime”, uses systematic interpretation, as well as applies formal-legal and logical analysis of the provisions of normative legal acts that regulate social relations in the area of national security. The author determines a vast number of normative legal acts related to national security. The analysis of scientific literature allowed revealing the problematic status of norms contained in the aforementioned acts, along with the idea of scholars that they comprise the institution or branch of law. An opinion is advanced that this discussion is substantiated by seeking grounds for systematization of the body of legal norms that regulate social relations in the area of national security. The conclusion is made on the objective difficulties of such systematization. It is underlined that substantiation of systematicity of legal norms depends on subjective and objective criteria; although currently, the body of norms on national security does not comply with any of them. Two author suggests two solutions to alleviate the urgency of the problem: pluralistic approach, and reference to the category of “legal regime”. Considering the dualistic static-dynamic interpretation, the methodological advantages of the latter are justified. 
Drivers of Customer Satisfaction in a Business-to-Business Market: A Survey within the South African Stainless Steel Industry
Authors: Radder Laetitia , Van Eyk Marle , Laubscher Ryno
Published: December 2020

The vast number of competitors and the similarity of products on offer in the South African stainless steel stockist and distributor market force organisations to find alternative means of competing effectively. Customer satisfaction might be one such an example. Whilst research has confirmed the positive outcomes of customer satisfaction, much less is known about the antecedents (drivers) that should act as the foundation of attempts to maximise satisfaction, particularly in a developing country. This study confirms five satisfaction drivers, reports the gap scores between importance and satisfaction ratings by the account clients of a major South African stainless steel stockist and distributor, and shows the relationship between these drivers and overall satisfaction. The analysis of 320 useable survey questionnaires shows a moderate to strong positive relationship with overall satisfaction for four of the five drivers. Reliability is the most important driver and product quality received the highest average satisfaction rating. Drivers with the largest significant gap scores include reliability, service quality and commercial aspects. Management should focus on the important drivers—those with the highest negative gap scores between satisfaction and importance, and those showing a significant relationship with overall satisfaction.
Risk Profile of Weather and System-Related Port Congestion for the Cape Town Container Terminal
Authors: Potgieter Lilian , Goedhals-Gerber Leila Louise , Havenga Jan
Published: December 2020

The South African maritime industry suffers from a number of risks, with the most prominent source of risk stemming from congestion within port terminals. The Port of Cape Town is one of South Africa’s main ports. Two of the risks faced by the Cape Town Container Terminal (CTCT) and associated with port congestion are adverse weather and system challenges. The study investigated the current frequency and scheduling impact of weather- and system-related congestion experienced by ocean carriers in the CTCT. This study was conducted in two phases, namely exploratory secondary research, followed by primary research. The secondary research provided background information and historical data on the Port of Cape Town, the CTCT, and congestion in South Africa’s ports as well as global port congestion. In addition, the primary data collected, which comprised personal interviews and email correspondence, were used to analyse current port congestion within the CTCT and to develop risk profiles. The major findings of this study indicate that both weather- and system-related port congestion are ranked as major risks occurring between 2011 and 2018 in the CTCT, suggesting that greater risk mitigation strategies should be implemented. This risk ranking will likely worsen in the future, if mitigation strategies are not improved. The study classifies weather- and system-related port congestion in the CTCT in terms of the level of risk and helps identify which areas management should focus on to mitigate greater levels of risk in the future.
Managing Employee Creativity and Innovation in Selected Zimbabwean Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Nyawo Patience , Schultz Cecile
Published: December 2020

The economic situation in Zimbabwe is worsening rapidly. Proper managing of employee creativity and innovation gives organisations a competitive edge. This study explored the managing of employee creativity and innovation in two manufacturing companies in Zimbabwe. An exploratory research design and a qualitative research method were utilised. Face-to-face interviews were conducted. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the data. The findings indicate that rewards, benchmarking, training, sense of belonging, engagement, feedback, teamwork and collaboration form part of the enabling factors in managing employee creativity and innovation. The identified employee creativity and innovation barriers were fear, punishment, lack of funding, lack of research and development in Zimbabwe, limited technology, and bureaucracy. Only two manufacturing companies in Zimbabwe were included in this study. The focus of this study was on employee creativity and innovation. However, there are other themes that could also have been investigated in the rapidly worsening economic Zimbabwean context. If managers do not give the necessary attention to employee creativity and innovation on a personal level of an employee, on an operational roll-out level, as well as on the bigger arena of the organisation, it might be that the companies lack competitiveness and do not contribute to the improvement of the economic situation in Zimbabwe. The contribution of this study lies in the in-depth explication of employee creativity and innovation in a rapidly worsening economic Zimbabwean context.
“Everybody’ private carriage.” Omnibus Travel in Victorian Literature
Authors:   University of Silesia, Nitka Małgorzata
Published: December 2020

Introduced into the streets of first Paris and then London in the late 1820s, the omnibus quickly became a popular and convenient means of urban transport. But as many historians of culture note, the omnibus connecting different points in the metropolitan space, was a space in its own right, with a range of complications and complexities. Its interior constituted a peculiar enclave within a larger communal space and thus made its passengers experience - and negotiate between - freedom and constraint, convenience and discomfort as well as anonymity and intimacy. Using omnibus scenes in the works of such writers as Wilkie Collins, Charles Dickens, George Augustus Sala, or Amy Levy, I shall examine some of the above-mentioned aspects of the conveyance. Most specifically, I shall look into the complexities of the visual interactions between the omnibus passengers as well as those between the passengers and the urban environment outside the vehicle.
Blending Christianity and Ecology in Margaret Atwood’s The Year of the Flood
Authors:   University of Wrocław, Suchostawska Laura
Published: December 2020

The article presents a study of selected sermons and hymns created by a fictional eco-religious cult called God’s Gardeners, which appear in Margaret Atwood’s novel The Year of the Flood. These texts are analyzed by means of Fauconnier and Turner’s theory of blending (conceptual integration). They are a mixture of different areas: the Bible and Christianity, on the one hand, and current environmental issues and science, on the other. The application of blending theory demonstrates how new interpretations of the Bible can be constructed as a result of blending two or more different input spaces to form a new story.
Development of mathematical model and computer program for primary design of transonic axial compressor
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Borovkov A. I. , Galerkin Yu. B. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Solovieva O. A. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Drozdov A. A. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Rekstin A. F. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Semenovsky V. B. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Brodnev P. N. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: December 2020

The mathematical model underlying the program for calculating and designing axial compressors is presented. The process of calculating the pressure loss in the elements of the axial compressor stage flow path is described. The loss coefficient consists of losses on the limiting surfaces, secondary losses and profile losses. The effect of roughness on the pressure loss is taken into account by introducing the corresponding empirical coefficient. An algorithm for calculating the blades and vanes angles of the impeller and the guide apparatus is presented by calculating the incidence angle and the lag angle of the flow. The flow lag angle is the sum of the lag angle of the flow on the profile and the lag angle due to viscous flow on the limiting surfaces
“We Need Supervisors”: Problematic Implementationof Curriculum 2013 among Mathematics Teachers
Authors: Setiawan Setiawan , Idris Khairiani
Published: December 2020

The development of the curriculum is a dynamic process which aims to comply with the evolvement of knowledge and technology. However, the implementations of the reformed curriculum have been acknowledged to raise various issues. Likewise, among the issues related to the implementation of the Curriculum 2013, known as K13, in Indonesia was teachers’ difficulties, including mathematics teachers. This study aimed at investigating and describing the difficulties faced by junior high school mathematics teachers in implementing K13. The study applied a mixed-method approach involving 66 from a total of 78 junior high school mathematics teachers in Lhokseumawe, Aceh Province, as the study sample. The findings showed that 50%-60% participants encountering difficulties in components of training and socialization of K13, lesson planning, learning activities, and assessment and reporting the learning outcome. Although 93.94% teachers have taken the K13 training, only 56.45% of them sometimes implemented the curriculum in the classrooms. Additionally, the main resource of the difficulties was the ineffectiveness of training and socialization of K13 the teachers had attended. The teachers expected that there would be a learning community or forum as the follow-up action of the training, which can supervise the implementation of K13 in their classes. The directions for further research to improve curriculum implementation were discussed.
Serum levels of testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in females with acne and/or female pattern hair loss
Authors: Venkatta Raman Balakrishna , Simon Sheena Ann , Samad K. Abdul , George Anuja Elizabeth
Published: December 2020

Objectives:

The objectives of this study are as follows: (1) To study the levels of testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) in females with acne and/or female pattern hair loss (FPHL) and (2) to study the correlation of the severity of acne and/or FPHL with serum levels of testosterone and DHEAS.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was carried out in the department of dermatology and venereology, of a tertiary care institution over a period of 1 year among patients who presented with acne and/or FPHL. Acne was graded using Leeds revised acne grading system and FPHL with Ludwig scale. Competitive immunoenzymatic colorimetric method for quantitative determination of testosterone and DHEAS concentrations in serum (“DiaMetra” kits) was performed. Correlation between quantitative variables was assessed by Pearson correlation and Spearman rank correlation.

Results:

A total of 84 patients with acne and/FPHL were studied over a period of 1 year. Fifty-one (60.7%) patients had acne, 21 (25%) had FPHL, and 12 (14.3%) patients had both. The mean levels of testosterone in acne, FPHL, and in patients with both were 1.14 ± 4.65 ng/ml, 0.51 ± 0.17 ng/ml, and 0.53 ± 0.24 ng/ml, respectively. The mean DHEAS in patients with acne, FPHL, and with both was 4.64 ± 4.96 μg/ml, 4.96 ± 5.34 μg/ml, and 6.34 ± 5.37 μg/ml, respectively. The Spearman rank correlation between the level of testosterone and the grades of inflammatory acne in face and FPHL was 0.193 and -0.16, respectively. The Spearman rank correlation of DHEAS with the grades of inflammatory acne in face and FPHL was 0.092 and 0.01, respectively.

Limitations:

The study carried out in a tertiary referral center, not reflecting the status of the condition in general population was the major limitation.

Conclusion:

This study in a localized population could not elicit a significant statistical correlation between serum levels of total testosterone and DHEAS with severity of acne or FPHL. However, a majority of patients with acne, FPHL, or both had low levels of total testosterone which were discordant with most of the previous studies. Half of the study population with coexisting acne and FPHL had high levels of DHEAS which suggests the need to study the role of DHES in patients with coexistence of acne and FPHL.
Karakterisasi Pengeringan Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L.) Menggunakan Tray Dryer
Authors: Manfaati Rintis , Baskoro Hibah , Rifai Muhammad Muhlis
Published: December 2020

Pengeringan bawang merah (Allium cepa L.) menggunakan tray dryer bertujuan menghasilkan produk sesuai standar bahan kering, tetapi kadar nutrisinya tetap dipertahankan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari karakteristik proses pengeringan bawang merah melalui beberapa tinjauan yaitu kadar air bawang merah setelah pengeringan, laju pengeringan konstan (Rc), kadar air bebas kritis (Xc), parameter pengeringan (k), profil kurva laju pengeringan menurun dan nilai difusivitas rata-rata. Pengeringan dilakukan pada bawang merah dengan kadar air awal 82,5%, dan ketebalan 1-2 mm. Suhu pengeringan divariasi pada rentang 50-70 oC, waktu pengeringan 6 jam dan laju udara pengeringan 2,0 m/s. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu optimum pengeringan adalah 70 oC dengan kadar air bawang merah setelah pengeringan adalah 8,3896%, nilai Rc yaitu 1,2968 kg/jam.m2, nilai Xc yaitu 2,3044 kg air/kg bahan kering dan nilai k adalah 0,0173 menit-1. Profil perpindahan air terikat dalam bawang merah terjadi secara difusi dengan nilai difusivitas rata-rata (DL) adalah 1,5556.10-10 m2/detik.
Meningkatkan kemampuan passing bawah bolavoli menggunakan metode bermain
Authors: Atsani Muhammad Reza
Published: December 2020

This study aims to improve the ability of passing volleyball under class XI Mekatronika EPCOS SMK Negeri 1 Batam through the playing method. This type of research uses classroom action research. The subjects of this study were 20 people consisting of 13 male students and 7 female students. The research instrument used a rubric for the assessment of the volleyball passing performance. The results showed that there was an increase in conducting this research, so it was concluded that the playing method could improve the volleyball under-passing ability of class XI Mekatronika EPCOS SMK Negeri 1 Batam. It is hoped that this research can serve as a reference for the future or a reference in the teaching and learning process.
LARANGAN TINDAKAN PERSEKONGKOLAN DALAM TENDER BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 5 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG LARANGAN PRAKTEK MONOPOLI DAN PERSAINGAN USAHA TIDAK SEHAT
Authors: Sirait Resmaya Agnesia Mutiara
Published: December 2020

One of the substance of Law Number 5 Year 1999 concerning Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition is the provision that regulates collusion in tenders. The provision is regulated in Article 22 which is a special provision with the aim of creating a conducive business climate to support and develop activities for the provision of quality goods and services and at competitive prices. Considering that the impact of the conspiracy in tenders is very significant for national economic development and a healthy competitive climate, the regulation regarding the prohibition of tender conspiracy can be applied both with a rule of reason approach and with a per se illegal approach, so that administrative sanctions and criminal sanctions as well as additional criminal sanctions that will be imposed on business actors can run as desired by Law Number 5 Year 1999. The impact of collusion actions in tenders is not just economic development National and unfair competition climate, but other impacts can be felt by consumers as tender givers who can experience material and immaterial losses. Consumer protection is needed as an effort made to safeguard consumer rights and develop behavior attitudes of responsible business actors.Salah satu substansi Undang - Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999 Tentang Larangan Praktik Monopoli Dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat adalah ketentuan yang mengatur persekongkolan dalam tender. Ketentuan tersebut diatur dalam Pasal 22 yang merupakan ketentuan khusus dengan tujuannya untuk menciptakan iklim usaha yang kondusif guna mendukung dan menumbuh kembangkan kegiatan penyediaan barang dan jasa yang berkualitas dan dengan harga yang bersaing. Mengingat dampak yang ditimbulkan dari tindakan persekongkolan dalam tender sangat signifikan bagi pembangunan ekonomi nasional dan iklim persaingan yang sehat, maka pengaturan mengenai larangan persekongkolan tender dapat diterapkan baik dengan pendekatan secara rule of reason maupun dengan pendekatan secara per se illegal, sehingga sanksi administratif dan sanksi pidana serta pidana tambahan yang akan dijatuhkan pada pelaku usaha dapat berjalan sebagaimana yang dikehendaki oleh Undang - Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999. Dampak yang ditimbulkan dari tindakan persekongkolan dalam tender bukan hanya kepada pembangunan ekonomi nasonal dan iklim persaingan tidak sehat, akan tetapi dampak lain dapat dirasakan oleh konsumen selaku pemberi tender yang dapat mengalami kerugian materiil maupun immaterial. Perlindungan konsumen diperlukan sebagai suatu upaya yang dilakukan untuk menjaga hak-hak konsumen dan menumbuh kembangkan sikap perilaku pelaku usaha yang bertanggung jawab.
Resolving impurities in atomic layer deposited aluminum nitride through low cost, high efficiency precursor design
Authors: Buttera Sydney , Rouf Polla , Deminskyi Petro , O'Brien Nathan , Pedersen Henrik , Barry Sean
Published: December 2020

Synthesis, characterization, and use of an amidoalane precursor for the deposition of high-quality and low-impurity aluminum nitride films by atomic layer deposition. This study highlights the importance of smart precursor design in order to deposit high-quality thin films at low cost and high efficiency.
FID-Net: A Versatile Deep Neural Network Architecture for NMR Spectral Reconstruction and Virtual Decoupling
Authors: Karunanithy Gogulan , Hansen Flemming
Published: December 2020

In recent years, the transformative potential of deep neural networks (DNNs) for analysing and interpreting NMR data has clearly been recognised. However, most applications of DNNs in NMR to date either struggle to outperform existing methodologies or are limited in scope to a narrow range of data that closely resemble the data that the network was trained on. These limitations have prevented a widescale uptake of DNNs in NMR. Addressing this, we introduce FID-Net, a deep neural network architecture inspired by WaveNet, for performing analyses on time domain NMR data. We first demonstrate the effectiveness of this architecture in reconstructing non-uniformly sampled (NUS) biomolecular NMR spectra. It is shown that a single network is able to reconstruct a diverse range of 2D NUS spectra that have been obtained with arbitrary sampling schedules, with a range of sweep widths, and a variety of other acquisition parameters. The performance of the trained FID-Net in this case exceeds or matches existing methods currently used for the reconstruction of NUS NMR spectra. Secondly, we present a network based on the FID-Net architecture that can efficiently virtually decouple 13Cα-13Cβ couplings in HNCA protein NMR spectra in a single shot analysis, while at the same time leaving glycine residues unmodulated. The ability for these DNNs to work effectively in a wide range of scenarios, without retraining, paves the way for their widespread usage in analysing NMR data.
On the Aromaticity and Acidity of 1-Hydroxy-4,5-benzotropylium Derivatives
Authors: Kodama Takuya , Kawashima Yuki , Deng Zhirong , Tobisu Mamoru
Published: December 2020

The aromaticity of 1-hydroxy-4,5-benzotropylium was assessed based on experimental and theoretical investigations. An X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed a decrease of bond alternation in the seven-membered ring of 1-hydroxy-4,5-benzotropylium derivatives compared with that of the parent 4,5-benzotropones, which is indicative of an increase in aromaticity upon protonation. NICS and AICD calculation also supported the increased aromaticity of 1-hydroxy-4,5-benzotropylium. The pKa values for a series of 1-hydroxy-4,5-benzotropylium derivatives were also determined.
Ru Catalyst Facilitates Total Chemical Protein Synthesis to Investigate the Effect of Epigenetic Modifications Decorated on Linker Histone H1.2 and Heterochromatin Protein 1α (HP1α)
Authors: Kamo Naoki , Kujirai Tomoya , Kurumizaka Hitoshi , Murakami Hitoshi , Hayashi Gosuke , Okamoto Akimitsu
Published: December 2020

For epigenetics research, preparing homogeneous proteins bearing site-specific posttranslational modifications (PTMs) is essential to understand the behavior of chromatin. Total chemical protein synthesis is a very powerful method to obtain target proteins with various modifications at site-specific positions. To produce large proteins efficiently, one-pot ligation of multiple peptide fragments was previously reported through repetitive deprotection of protecting groups for N-terminal Cys with palladium complexes. However, this method demanded more than a catalytic amount of metal complexes, and, in general, it had been challenging to achieve catalytic cycles of metal complexes especially for reactions on proteins. Here, we report an efficient and facile method of chemical protein synthesis using Ru catalyst. The use of 10–20 mol% of Ru complexes enabled us to remove the protecting groups on peptides or proteins under peptide ligation conditions, and this complex showed more than 50-fold activity compared to the previous palladium complexes due to the great stability toward thiol moieties. By using this Ru catalyst, we accomplished total chemical synthesis of linker histone H1.2 (212 amino acids) and heterochromatin protein 1a (HP1a) (191 amino acids), which are important components of heterochromatin, through one-pot multiple peptide ligation. This method prompted the preparation of H1.2 and HP1a bearing various patterns of PTMs. Moreover, we found that R53Cit at H1.2 reduced its binding affinity toward nucleosomes and four consecutive phosphorylations at N-terminus HP1a controlled its binding ability against DNA. We envisage that homogeneously modified proteins prepared by our method would facilitate epigenetics research and be applied for the elucidation of various biological phenomena.
Novel Cephalosporin Conjugates Display Potent and Selective Inhibition of IMP Type Metallo-β-Lactamases
Authors: Tehrani Kamaleddin , Wade Nicola , Mashayekhi Vida , Brüchle Nora , Jespers Willem , Voskuil Koen , Pesce Diego , J. van Haren Matthijs , van Westen Gerard , Martin Nathaniel
Published: December 2020

In an attempt to exploit the hydrolytic mechanism by which β-lactamase enzymes degrade cephalosporins, we designed and synthesized a series of novel cephalosporin prodrugs aimed at delivering thiol-based inhibitors of metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) in spatiotemporally controlled fashion. Notably, while enzyme-mediated hydrolysis of the β-lactam ring was found to occur, it was not accompanied by release of the thiol-based inhibitors. Nonetheless, the cephalosporin prodrugs, especially thiomandelic acid conjugate (8), demonstrated potent inhibition of IMP-type MBLs, with IC50 values in the nanomolar range. In addition, conjugate 8 was also found to greatly reduce the MIC of meropenem against an IMP-28 producing clinical isolate of K. pneumoniae. The results of kinetic experiments indicate that these prodrugs inhibit IMP-type MBLs by acting as slowly turned-over substrates. Structure-activity relationship studies revealed that both phenyl and carboxyl moieties of 8 are crucial for its potency. Furthermore, modeling studies indicate that productive interactions of the thiomandelic acid moiety of 8 with residues Trp28 and Lys161 within the IMP active site may contribute to the observed inhibitory potency and selectivity.
Preparation and analysis of human medication tablets in drug delivery system
Authors: Soujanya H  , Purushothaman M  , Jagadeeshwari S  , Shiva Kumar K
Published: December 2020

Presently days, a significant objective medication conveyance study is twisted to the improvement of robust medication conveyance frameworks with previously existing dynamic fixings in the event of new medication disclosure. A considerable lot of remedial drug operators are generally viable when made accessible at steady rates close to assimilation locales. Much exertion has been proceeding to create advanced medication conveyance frameworks, for example, osmotic gadgets for oral request. Oral medication conveyance framework is more preferred on famous measured medication conveyance framework in innovative drug work (R and D) business because of increment in attention to clinical and drug network about the significance of sheltered and viable utilization of medication. In the current examination work, pulsatile drug conveyance arrangement of Zileuton tablets was planned by utilizing pressure covering innovation. At first, the centre tablets were set up by 30% groupings of wonderful crumbles; the figured centre tablets were covered with the polymers by utilizing pressure covering innovation. All the centre and press covered tablet details were exposed to different corporeal and concoction assessment tests for centre and press covered tablets. The hardness, thickness and weight variety appeared by all the tablet definitions were originate inside the authorized pharmacopoeias bounds. In-vitro arrival of Zileuton of centre tablet details F1 demonstrated quicker medication discharge after 15 min. Quicker medication delivery can be connected with significant deterioration, and friability saw in this examination. The enteric covered plans C1, C3 indicated the most significant medication discharge following 4 hours. Time subordinate pulsatile drug conveyance framework has been accomplished from the tablet of definition C3, C6 and C9 with 95.5%, 94.76% and 97.48% separately.
Correlation Of Clinical Severity Of Oral Lichen Planus With Treatment Prognosis - A Retrospective Institution Based Study
Authors: Krishnapriya Umashankar  , Hannah R
Published: December 2020

Lichen planus is a chronic mucocutaneous immunologically mediated disease which is triggered by varied etiological agents. Lichen planus shows many clinical features affecting the skin, oral cavity, genital organ, nail and scalp. Lichen planus has well documented clinical findings and histological findings that aid in diagnosis. This retrospective study was done to assess the clinical severity of Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) and compare it to the treatment prognosis of the patients visiting our institution. A total of 60 clinically diagnosed OLP patients were included. Clinical and treatment details were recorded and tabulated using Excel. The collected data were then analyzed by appropriate statistics using SPSS software. The results revealed 60% of the cases to be females with 58.3% accounting for the erosive type of lichen planus. 60% had involvement of bilateral buccal mucosa. Erosive variant showed eight months duration of treatment using systemic steroids. Within the limitations of the study, we observed that  OLP accounts for nearly 28.4% of the OPMD reporting to the institution and females were found to be more commonly affected than males. Erosive lichen planus was the most common variant which exhibited maximum treatment duration. Hence, it is necessary to follow up the OLP patients regularly and to provide a precise treatment which prevents the remission of the disease in these patients.
Significant role of ginger extracted compounds for diabetes treatment
Authors: Abhilash G  , Anil Kumar A  , Raja Sheker K  , Naveen B
Published: December 2020

Diabetes is a typical and pervasive sickness and a significant medical issue around the world. It has been accounted for to be the significant reason for visual impairment, kidney disappointment, lower-furthest point removal, cardiovascular maladies and untimely mortality. Diabetes has to expand cases in rustic and helpless populaces all through the world. Diabetes has expanding suitcases in rustic and helpless populaces all through the world, regardless of significant examination concerning sympathetic the pathophysiology and action of diabetes mellitus. It has kept on being a significant medical issue around the world. The chance of its administration by the uttered organization of hypoglycemic specialists has animated incredible examination enthusiasm for throughout the long term. Taking into account the issue with different reasons, the mix of restorative specialists focused on explicit path-organic trails of diabetes and its intricacies bring about a special and additional powerful administration issue. From cell, reinforcement considers, it was discovered that STZ instigated diabetic control creatures indicated a critical diminishing in the degrees of SOD and CAT when contrasted with typical switch. Standard gathering preserved with Glibenclamide and test bunch preserved with Glibenclamide + ginger blend indicated huge increment in CAT and SOD when contrasted with diabetic control insulin lack prompts different metabolic deviations in the rodents; the ascent in blood glucose level is joined by an increment in SGOT and SGPT level. The current investigation was led to assess the counter diabetic action of blend with Ginger. The organization of boundaries actuated diabetes were assessed in the examination. When utilized in mix with Ginger, even at sub remedial degree of Glibenclamide demonstrated comparative impacts as that of a restorative portion of Glibenclamide.
XÁC ĐỊNH ĐỘC TÍNH CẤP VÀ ĐỘC TÍNH BÁN TRƯỜNG DIỄN CỦA TINH BỘT LÚA MÌ ACETAT TRÊN CHUỘT NHẮT CHỦNG SWISS
Authors: Tran Dung Huu
Published: December 2020

Tinh bột lúa mì acetat (AC150-9) được điều chế bằng phương pháp acetyl hóa chứa hàm lượng tinh bột đề kháng (RS) là 32.1% đã được chứng minh có thể ức chế hoạt động của enzym amylase trên in-vitro. Nghiên cứu thực hiện nhằm đánh giá độc tính cấp và độc tính bán trường diễn của AC150-9 trên chuột nhắt trắng chủng Swiss. Nghiên cứu độc tính cấp theo phương pháp Litchfield-Wilcoxon, sau khi dùng liều 25g/kg huyền phù AC150-9, 3 lần trong 24 giờ, nhận thấy không có chuột nào chết trong vòng 72 giờ. Trong nghiên cứu độc tính bán trường diễn, chuột được thử với các liều 5g/kg, 1 lần/ngày, 2 lần/ngày, 3 lần/ngày huyền phù AC150-9 và lô chứng cho ăn thức ăn bình thường. Theo dõi trong 8 tuần về tình trạng sức khỏe, da, lông, mắt, hệ tiêu hóa, hô hấp, vận động và thần kinh, cân nặng, các chỉ số huyết học và sinh hóa, đại thể, vi thể cơ quan gan, thận nhận thấy các chuột lô chứng và lô thử không có sự khác biệt về các yếu tố theo dõi (p>0,05). AC150-9 bước đầu được chứng minh là an toàn trên chuột thử nghiệm.
Beban Keluarga sebagai Caregiver Orang dengan HIV/AIDS
Authors: Barus Darwita Juniwati , Simamora Marthalena , Pardede Jek Amidos , Simanjuntak Galvani Volta
Published: December 2020

The role of the family as a caregiver of people living with HIV/AIDS can cause a lot of stress. The purpose of this study was to explore the family burden as a caregiver of people living with HIV/AIDS. This research is qualitative research with a descriptive phenomenology approach. This research was conducted at RSUP H. Adam Malik in Medan City. Participants in this study were 4 family members who care for family members infected with HIV who were taken by purposive sampling technique. Participants' inclusion criteria were â‰¥17 years of age who were able to speak Indonesian and were able to tell about the burdens experienced while caring for people living with HIV/AIDS. The themes found included psychological burdens, social burdens, family problems, and role conflicts. The research conclusions illustrate that families who are caregivers in carrying out their roles are not easy because they cause psychological burdens, social burdens, economic burdens, family problems, and role conflicts. Nurses can provide nursing interventions to increase caregiver coping to reduce the burden they experience.
The Value of Feedback in Primary Schools: Students’ Perceptions of the Practice
Authors: Sewagegn Abatihun Alehegn , Dessie Askalemariam Adamu
Published: December 2020

Feedback is a crucial aspect in assessment that enables students to learn from assessments received. The perception of the practice of feedback has an impact on the fruitfulness of the teaching-learning process. Hence, the main purpose of the study was to assess primary school students’ perceptions of the practices of feedback. To attain this purpose, a descriptive survey design was used, and 474 students from two government and two private primary schools participated. Questionnaires and document reviews were used to collect data and analysed using quantitative and qualitative techniques. The results indicated that students favourably perceive the value and practice of feedback. Most of the students considered feedback as a provision of marks, grades, and correct answers. Yet, judgmental feedback using words such as “excellent”, “very good” and “good” used in the students’ exercise books have little value in showing learning gaps and as such, this type of feedback is not useful in improving students’ learning. Therefore, for feedback to be useful, students should have a positive perception of feedback and take the feedback into account for future learning to enhance their knowledge and understanding.