bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF ADMINISTRATIVE RESOURCES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF E-GOVERNMENT IN THE ADMINISTRATIVE DEVELOPMENT BUREAU OF THE EAST JAVA PROVINCIAL SECRETARIAT
Authors: Atmaja Ilham Try
Published: April 2024

The East Java Provincial Government in the implementation of E-Government is also proven by the issuance of the East Java the Surat Keputusan Gubernur No. 188/126/KPTS/013/2022 on the Coordination Team for Electronic Based Government Systems of the East Java Province in 2022, which has the task of providing recommendations for the direction of development of information and communication technology and coordinating the implementation of Electronic Based Government Systems (SPBE) in the East Java Provincial Government. However, from the observations made, it appears that the development of employees in the Administration Development Bureau of the East Java Provincial Secretariat has not fully progressed as expected. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the development of Human Resources and the barriers to the implementation of E-Government in the Administration Development Bureau of the East Java Provincial Secretariat. The researcher uses a qualitative research method. The focus of this study is on the development of Human Resources in the Administration Development Bureau of the East Java Provincial Secretariat. The research instrument is interviewing. The informants in this study are the Administration Development Bureau of the East Java Provincial Secretariat, the Head of the Administration Sub-Division, and the Functional Officials and Staff at the Administration Development Bureau of the East Java Provincial Secretariat. The results show that the development of Human Resources is still not given enough attention by the Administration Development Bureau of the East Java Provincial Secretariat, as seen from the low interest of employees (staff) in carrying out new things, especially in education and training and the lack of ability to think or reason/logic to optimize applications, resulting in the lack of optimal performance from the employees.
IMPLEMENTATION OF DRIVE-THRU SERVICE POLICY IN THE ONE-STOP MANUNGGAL ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM (SAMSAT) RABA BIMA
Authors: Abdullah Abdullah
Published: April 2024

Policy implementation is a problem faced in implementing a policy or rule, both policies that include social problems and other problems. This research aimed to analyze how the implementation of the One-Stop Manunggal Administration Drive-Thru service policy (SAMSAT) Raba Bima and to determine the level of community satisfaction after the existence of the Raba Bima One-Stop Manunggal Administration Drive Thru (SAMSAT) service. This research used a descriptive approach with informants in this research employees of Samsat Raba Bima, SAMSAT Drive Thru officers in the community who pay taxes at SAMSAT Drive Thru. The results of this research are to use indicators, communication, resources and dispositions as well as rules in measuring the community satisfaction index. With the conclusion of the research, the implementation of the SAMSAT Drive Thru service policy has not been maximized with several obstacles and problems faced in service delivery. The SAMSAT Drive Thru service is intended only in the legal area of SAMSAT Raba Bima, and is still in charge of BANK NTB after seven years of Drive Thru until now.
COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE IN THE MANAGEMENT AND PROTECTION OF THE BATANGHARI RIVER BASIN IN JAMBI PROVINCE
Authors: Maulana Rayi Retriananda , Suwaryo Utang , Ylst Franciscus Van
Published: April 2024

This study aims to outline an understanding of collaboration in the management and protection of the Batanghari watershed in Jambi Province. This research uses a qualitative description method, using a collaborative governance theory approach, an understanding of how stakeholders with different interests, strengths and weaknesses, depend on each other to achieve common goals. Work collectively by minimizing conflict. Conflicts are likely to occur especially when there is a need for resource sharing for the provision of services as part of implementation efforts. Nonetheless, a commitment to achieving the same goals is essential for collaborative governance. So that the key factors in the formation of collaboration are science, leadership and experience, besides internal factors are also very decisive such as political leadership and financial support. This study aims to outline an understanding of collaboration in the management and protection of the Batanghari watershed in Jambi Province. This research uses a qualitative description method, using a collaborative governance theory approach, an understanding of how stakeholders with different interests, strengths and weaknesses, depend on each other to achieve common goals. Work collectively by minimizing conflict. Conflicts are likely to occur especially when there is a need for resource sharing for the provision of services as part of implementation efforts. Nonetheless, a commitment to achieving the same goals is essential for collaborative governance. So that the key factors in the formation of collaboration are science, leadership and experience, besides internal factors are also very decisive such as political leadership and financial support.
EFFECTIVENESS OF THE EXPANSION PROGRAM OF EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY FOR UNEMPLOYMENT PREVENTION OF SUKABUMI DISTRICT
Authors: Novita Dilla , Basori Yana Fajar FY , Mulyadi Andi
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study to determine the effectiveness of the expansion of employment opportunities program against unemployment reduction in Sukabumi. The method used is qualitative method with descriptive approach. Data collection using observation techniques, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis using Flow model Method and Data Validation using triangulation technique. This study uses the theory of program effectiveness from Sutrisno with 5 indicators of program effectiveness, namely program understanding, target accuracy, timeliness, achievement of goals, and taking real research results show the effectiveness of the expansion of Employment Opportunities Program Against Unemployment in Sukabumi runs well where the dimension of understanding the independent labor program. Program runs skill training through the P2KSS program so as to support the achievement of targets. On the dimension of the accuracy of the target where the independent labor program according to the target where targeting housewives. In imensi keteapatan socialization time will be quite effective independent work program because it has done socialization as much as 2 times face to face. In the dimension of the program where the independent labor program spreads widely to all levels of society. And in the dimension of real decision where Disnakertrans provide facilities and assistance to the community and also training has been implemented.
THE ROLE OF THE SUKABUMI CITY LABOR OFFICE IN INCREASING LABOR ABSORPTION IN SUKABUMI CITY
Authors: Milenia Rida Siti Shiyami , Nur Tuah , Purwanti Dian
Published: April 2024

One of the outstanding issues is the employment problem. Considering that a sizable portion of the labor force is still unemployed, there must be an equal distribution of employment throughout the workforce. The study's purposes were to identify the role of the Sukabumi City Labor Office in increasing labor absorption as well as its supporting and inhibiting factors in Sukabumi City. The theory used is the role theory of Jim Ife and Frank Toserioro, namely: 1) the role of facilitating; 2) the role of educating; 3) the role of representation; and 4) the technical role. A qualitative method using a descriptive approach was utilized. Then, the finding of this study was demonstrate that the Sukabumi City Labor Office contribution to increasing labor absorption in Sukabumi City is adequate but not ideal. Firstly, due to job searchers' abilities not meeting the company's requirements, the role of facilitating through job fair activities is still lacking, and there are still many candidates who have not been hired by the company. Secondly, providing an educational role through skill-training activities, the infrastructure and facilities for skill-training are inadequate due to financial restrictions. Thirdly, the Sukabumi City Labor Office only conducts apprenticeship activities with businesses that are in compliance with skills training, and there aren't many participants who are apprenticed. This limits the function of representation through apprenticeship activities. Besides that, there is supporting factor is the support from external parties who are involved in supporting and facilitating to increase labor absorption in Sukabumi City. The inhibiting factors are budget constraints, inadequate infrastructure, and a lack of quality Human Resources (HR).
IMPLEMENTATION OF HOUSE UNFITABLE FOR LIVING (RUTILAHU) IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM IN SUKABUMI REGENCY (THE CASE STUDY OF SUKARAJA DISTRICT)
Authors: Rahayu Rina Shofiawati , Rachmawati Ike , Nur Tuah
Published: April 2024

RUTILAHU is a program aimed at low-income people, who have homes that do not meet the standards to live in. With the intention that they can improve their living standards reasonably and have housing that meets the standards. This activity aims to improve social welfare for the poor and low-income communities. This study was conducted to determine the extent of RUTILAHU program implementation in Sukabumi, especially in Sukaraja District. This study uses descriptive research methods with a qualitative approach. Data validation in this study using triangulation methods and data analysis using interactive models. In analyzing the findings, this study uses the implementation theory of Van Meter and Van Horn which explains the success indicators of an implementation looking at Policy Size and objectives, resources, characteristics of implementing agents, communication between organizations, Economic, Social, and Political Conditions & Tendency of the Executor/Implementor. The results showed that each variable of the policy implementation has been appropriate where the RUITLAHU program is appropriate target for low-income communities. In its implementation, there is cooperation between the government, private sector and other stakeholders, physical evidence of the proposal for the non-habitable House program is carried out in accordance with the Peraturan Bupati Nomor 33 Tahun 2021 and the existence of socialization between the government and the private sector and the community in this uninhabitable house program.
AUTHORITY OF SERVICE INSTITUTION MANAGEMENT AUTONOMY HEALTH IN SUMENEP DISTRICT
Authors: Qayyum Ahmad Suwaifi
Published: April 2024

A new paradigm of government management has been carried out in Indonesia with the Public Service Agency/Regional Public Service Agency (BLU/BLUD) program with the issuance of the Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 23 Tahun 2005. Public services are not only a new form of state financial management but also a new paradigm for public sector service management (Lestari, et al, 2019). The Puskesmas is the spearhead of the leading health services. The existence of a health center is very necessary to improve the health status of the community. The Puskesmas has various functions, one of the main functions and tasks of the Puskesmas is to provide basic health services to the community in its working area which is most widely used by the middle to lower class of society. In order for the puskesmas to carry out its functions optimally, various efforts to provide autonomy for the management of the puskesmas have been carried out according to existing regulations. Through this policy, puskesmas are given the authority to use the income they earn directly to finance operational activities, maintenance activities and improve human resource capabilities.
TREND IN CHILD VIOLENCE IN INDONESIA AND GOVERNANCE
Authors: Ayusazky Zalsabil , Kusuma Dewi Dian Suluh
Published: April 2024

This article aims to know the trend of violence against children in Indonesia and the steps the Indonesian government to get over it with the use of approach analysis of public policy and collaborative governance. Study this uses a qualitative approach. Data is collected from Dimensions, consisting of 437 articles from journals, national and international, books support, and newsletters. Collected data was then processed using the applications VosViewer and Nvivo 20, both used to reveal moderate issues and trends about a violent children. Analysis results disclose that the government has made policy through the Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 concerning the protection of children and the Peraturan Menteri Agama Nomor 73 Tahun 2022 concerning handling through socialization, learning, strengthening governance, strengthening culture and activities, other following need. And prevention in the form of reporting, protection, assistance, prosecution, and recovery of victims. Whereas the protection of the children applied with facilities for children and productive activities to fulfill children's education rights. The government also supervises assurance fulfillment suitable base and finishes related issues with victims of violence physique as well as mental and violation rule applicable law. The form of collaborative governance has also been done government about City/ District Decent Son throughout regions in Indonesia and the National Commission of the Children and Women Protection in overcoming problem hardness and fulfillment right children in Indonesia.
REFORM OF PUBLIK SERVICE BUREAUCRACY LICENSING IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN REALIZING GOOD GOVERNANCE
Authors: Rohman Asma'ur , Brahmasari Ida Aju , Sukristyanto Agus
Published: April 2024

This study aims to describe and analyze: (1) Bureaucratic reform of investment licensing services in Sidoarjo (2) Quality of investment licensing in Sidoarjo (3) Increasing the value of investment realization in Sidoarjo (4) Supporting and inhibiting factors in carrying out investment licensing reform in Sidoarjo. The research uses a qualitative descriptive method with sources derived from informants and documents. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis used interactive model data analysis by collecting, reducing, presenting, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that: (1) Bureaucratic Reform of Licensing Services at DPMPTSP Sidoarjo is carried out by making improvements to the institutional and human resource aspects. (2) By reforming the bureaucracy for licensing services at DPMPTSP Sidoarjo, the quality of investment licensing services provided will increase (3) By reforming the bureaucracy for investment licensing services at DPMPTSP Sidoarjo it will also have an impact on increasing the amount of realized investment value. (4) While the supporting factors include the delegation of authority from the central government and the commitment and political will of the regional leadership of the Sidoarjo district, while the inhibiting factor in implementing this bureaucratic reform is the lack of overall delegation. The authority to issue SKPD sector permits is related to DPMPTSP and there is still a lack of cooperation between district and city regional governments and provincial governments. This study also provides recommendations regarding the need for increased authority in providing services and harmonious cooperation between district and city and provincial governments in creating a conducive investment climate.
Analisis Semiotik Iklan Politik Prabowo Gibran Pada Pilpres 2024
Authors: Permadi Didi , Suparto Diryo , Bisri Ahmad Zaini
Published: April 2024

General elections are a crucial moment in the life of the nation and state. This moment is used by political figures to build positive perceptions through political advertising. Political advertising has the main function as a strategic communication tool in the democratic process. This research aims to uncover the meaning and communication strategies used in Prabowo Gibran's political advertisements during the 2024 Presidential Election. The focus of this research is to decipher the symbolic meaning and messages contained in political advertisements using Charles Sanders Pierce's semiotic theory as a basis for exploring the signs- signs that appear in these political advertisements. By referring to Charles Sanders Pierce's semiotic theory, this research tries to identify and analyze the signs that appear in the Prabowo Gibran couple's political advertisements, both visual and verbal. Charles Sanders Pierce's semiotic analysis carried out by outlining three important components, namely Sign, Object, Interpretant, shows that political advertisements have a distinctive communication style as part of their political communication strategy. Semiotic analysis also places this advertisement in the positive category, indicating that the message conveyed is able to create meaning that supports the positive image of the couple.
PELINDUNGAN INDIKASI GEOGRAFIS GULA AREN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEREKONOMIAN DI DESA PAYA PINANG
Authors: Safitri Ira , Rusnita Ayu Novidaniati , Irshadi Filzah , Rangkuty Muammar Risky , Perangin-angin Reh Bungana Beru
Published: April 2024

Palm sugar is very promising for its presence in the village economy if it can be managed properly, maximally, and get protection.  However, in reality the village economy has not maximally improved and has not received protection against potential geographical indications because the producers experience some obstacles in the production process and the village government pays less attention to the producers. This study aims to see and analyze the protection of geographical indications of palm sugar to improve the economy in the village of Paya Pinang. This study uses qualitative research methods with normative-empirical legal approach. Data collection using two types of data, namely primary observation and interview data. Secondary Data in the form of books, journals, and other references.  Data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data display, and data verification. The results showed that palm sugar in Paya Pinang village has a very promising economic value by requiring maximum management and must be protected so that production continues and the village economy can be further improved.
Mathematical modelling of quantifying bioethanol fuel production from pineapple waste
Authors: Imteaz Monzur , Hossain ABM , Ahsan Amimul , Kaur Parminder
Published: April 2024

Lack of confidence in potential bioenergy production and net benefit hinders rapid implementations of such sustainable energy productions from different waste sources. With the aim of accelerating real-life implementations of more bioenergy productions, this paper presents development of a simple mathematical model, which can be used to evaluate potential bioethanol production capacity from pineapple waste under different input conditions. Based on an earlier experimental study, the mathematical model was developed depending on three contributing factors; pH, temperature and substrate concentration as considered in the earlier experimental study. Results from the developed mathematical formulation were compared with the experimental data from the earlier original study. It is found that the developed model is quite capable to estimate potential bioethanol productions from pineapple waste. Model estimated results are having a coefficient of correlation of 0.84 with the measured data. Standard errors of the model’s estimations are also quite low; RMSE = 0.49, MAE = 0.39 and RAE = 0.06. To facilitate a wider industrial generation, a basic mathematical model framework for economic analysis is proposed involving evaluation of net present values of expected future yields, as well as costs (initial and maintenance). Such mathematical model of economic analysis will help stakeholders on selecting optimum input parameters in achieving targeted benefit through optimised energy consumption.
Waste picker rights and social inclusion: the creation of a university with knowledge democracy
Authors: Gutberlet Jutta , de Carvalho Vallin Isabella
Published: April 2024

UNICATA is a university for and with waste pickers based on Paulo Freire's popular education pedagogy, knowledge democracy and the practice of peer learning. The aim is to create a learning space of excellence where one can dream, dare, innovate, and be inspired by transformative ideas and achievements. This university will increase access to knowledge and expand the possibilities for reflection, for a population that suffers from social exclusion and high vulnerability. Worldwide waste pickers are major protagonists in collecting, separating, and redirecting recyclable materials into the circular economy. Research demonstrates that waste pickers are central figures in educating households on waste separation practices, adding value to recovered materials, building community by integrating socially excluded individuals into their collective workspaces, indirectly also mitigating environmental and climate impacts. While these positive effects of inclusive recycling are increasingly recognized in the academic literature, unfair remuneration, stigmatization, and risk-prone or unhealthy working conditions are still the prevailing realities. This paper discusses reflections on recent experiences of implementing UNICATA in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil, in 2023, with a pilot project developing and delivering the introductory module which was successfully completed by 22 students. The research takes a social constructivist lens to uncover the colonial social and political injustices through experiential and student-centered education. Our results reveal some noticeable assets and barriers in creating inclusive education for a large population that is widely neglected, in many different geographic contexts, thus also filling a gap towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Which Food Parts Are Considered Edible And Should Be Included In Food Waste Reduction Targets
Authors: Okayama Tomoko , Watanabe Kohei , Yamakawa Hajime
Published: April 2024

SDG target 12.3 aims to reduce household avoidable food waste by half by 2030. This study introduces the "Tokyo Method," designed to quantify and categorize household food waste for reduction. The method divides avoidable food waste into three groups: A: unused ingredients, B: unused ready-to-be-eaten foods, and C: leftovers, with a goal of reducing their volume. Edible parts intentionally removed from the main food are placed in a separate category ”De”, while inedible parts like seeds and bones have their own classification ”Di”. An internet survey involving 1,254 participants in Japan assessed perceptions of 65 food items and their parts. Most respondents considered peels, cores, seeds, and stems of fruits as inedible, but there were exceptions like apple peels. Regarding vegetable parts like potato peels and cabbage leaves, a good number of respondents are aware that they could be eaten, but it is only a minority that believe they should be eaten, or they actually eat those parts. In conclusion, the study suggests excluding the "De" category from the primary food waste reduction target, as forcing the consumption of intentionally removed food parts is not a priority. This research sheds light on the complexities of food waste reduction, considering cultural and individual preferences regarding edible food parts.
A Comparative Study of the Structural Behavior of Concrete Beams Reinforced with Different Configurations of GFRP and Steel Bars
Authors: Mohammed Shaysh Aziz , Said AbdulMuttailb Issa
Published: April 2024

This study examined experimentally and numerically the performance of five concrete beams reinforced with longitudinal and transverse bars made of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) or steel. All beams had the same dimensions of 2700 mm in length, 180 mm in width, and 260 mm in depth. The beams were classified into two groups with different variables and compared with a reference beam reinforced with longitudinal and transverse steel bars. The first group consisted of two beams with longitudinal GFRP bars and no stirrups, varying the main reinforcement ratio. The second group comprised two beams with longitudinal GFRP bars and transverse GFRP or steel stirrups, varying the stirrup type. The results indicated that the beams with GFRP bars improved their flexural strength for different ratios but had limited shear resistance when using GFRP stirrups because increased deflection causes the number and width of cracks to grow, reducing the shear strength. All the tested beams exhibited linear elastic behavior until failure, with GFRP being more brittle than steel due to no yield point or plastic behavior in GFRP. The numerical simulation of the five beams using ABAQUS software showed good agreement with the experimental data obtained in the laboratory.
An Exploratory Study on the Applicability of the Concept of Self Transcendence in Coaching
Authors:   The Korea Association of Education Consulting & Coaching, KAECC, Yi Sung-Yup
Published: April 2024

This study examined the concepts and contents of self-transcendence discussed in various academic fields such as psychology, philosophy, and pedagogy, and explored directions that can be incorporated into coaching-related research. Research related to self-transcendence was an early concern for human potential development. Since then, it has led to an exploration of human needs at a higher level. As a result of reviewing previous studies that can be discussed in incorporating the concept of self-transcendence from the theoretical point of view of coaching, the following perspectives of self-transcendence can be examined. First, from a theoretical point of view, the discussion on the next transition has been about self-transformation from the perspective of self-expansion or self-expansion. Second, an integrated approach from a holistic perspective. Third, it is expanding to research in terms of transformation of individual consciousness. The coherent approach of looking at coaching from an ego-transcendence perspective is more valuable in the sense that it creates the best opportunity for the rise of human collective consciousness. In terms of coaching practice, the expansion of self-concept also increases the likelihood of understanding others and promoting collaboration. The concept of self-transcendence, in which individuals are not separate beings but connected as one, is discussed as another area applied to coaching, will not only expand the possibility that coaching can be used as a useful tool for raising human consciousness, but also have academic significance in that it presents another research direction for the sustainable development of coaching.
A Case Study of Collaborative Learning Coaching in University Global Service-Learning
Authors:   The Korea Association of Education Consulting & Coaching, KAECC, Ryu Sook Young , Kim In Sook
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this case study was to derive implications for the application of collaborative learning coaching in university Global Service-Learning(GS-L). Data were collected through self-evaluation surveys before and after class, and post-class reflection reports. They are analyzed through paired-sample t-tests and categorization focused on important events. The results are as follows. First, all factors of global community consciousness, multinational consciousness, and civic consciousness were found increased after GS-L activities, and civic consciousness increased statistically significantly. Second, all factors including understanding cultural differences, acceptance of cultural differences, and intention to participate in multi-cultural attitudes increased after the GS-L activity, and intention to participate was found increased statistically significantly. Third, the positive effects of the collaborative learning coaching were found in expanding understanding on other cultures, and increasing interest in global issues as well as participation in problem solving. Difficulties were found in reaching consensus and cooperation among stakeholders participating in GS-L, forming a team that takes into account dynamics within the group, and demonstrating effective leadership. This study is significant in that it proposes an instructor's collaborative learning coaching strategy as an effective teaching method for GS-L. The results of this study are expected to be used as evidence for the implementation of collaborative learning coaching by instructors as an effective learner-centered teaching method in university GS-L activities.
A Systematic Literature Review on Consulting and Coaching : Focus on KCI Journal Articles
Authors:   The Korea Association of Education Consulting & Coaching, KAECC, Kim Insook , Yang Jihee
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze domestic research trends related to consulting and coaching through a systematic literature review method and suggest the direction of further research. As a result of systematic literature review, a total of 443 papers were selected. The selected papers were 116 consulting-related papers and 327 coaching-related papers. The selected papers were analyzed by research period, journal, research method, research field, research topic. Based on the research results, we propose the following research directions related to consulting and coaching. First of all, in-depth research is needed that categorizes keywords for each research area related to consulting and coaching in the education field. Second, in-depth research on social and environmental backgrounds, research themes, and directions between 2020 and 2021 is needed. Third, in-depth research is needed on the process in which consulting and coaching evolve into areas where they are related to and interact with various fields. Fourth, in-depth research is needed to identify the context of the differences in research methods between consulting and coaching. Fifth, academic establishment is needed at the same time as continuous expansion of consulting and coaching research fields. The academic significance of this study is that it examined domestic research trends in the consulting and coaching fields and suggested future research directions and implications.
Analytical errors in NCSES' testing of SOGI measures for national workforce surveys
Authors: Freeman Jonathan B.
Published: April 2024

The National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES) administers annual and biennial surveys of the US college- and PhD-educated populations, tracking who is in STEM fields and what disparities exist based on sex, race, disability, first-generation status, and income background. NCSES recently conducted two pilot studies – a field test (n = 5,000) and a non-probability study (n = 2,800) – testing how respondents react to voluntary sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) questions. The agency concluded that while the gender identity question was acceptable, the sexual orientation question raised data quality concerns. However, the agency was recently compelled to release a portion of the data, which revealed several discrepancies and analytical flaws that show NCSES’ conclusion was unwarranted. Using standard quality metrics for federal surveys, both gender identity and sexual orientation questions appear to have performed excellently in the pilot tests.
Updating of information in working memory: Time course and consequences
Authors: Li Chenyu , Frischkorn Gidon T. , Oberauer Klaus
Published: April 2024

Working memory updating is the process that replaces outdated content in working memory by new content. This requires removing outdated information and encoding new information. It is still unclear whether removal and encoding run sequentially or simultaneously. We explored this question in two experiments investigating the time course of removal and encoding and their consequences for the functioning of working memory. The updating task we used involved three phases: the initial encoding, the processing, and the retrieval phase. Across four conditions, we manipulated whether the processing phase involved encoding, removal, neither, or both (i.e., updating). In Experiment 1, processing time was self-paced, and we measured processing times in each condition. In Experiment 2, we measured accuracy as a function of available processing time. After the processing, participants were asked to recall the final item for each position in the retrieval phase. In combination, the results of the two experiments show that the time required for updating was shorter than the sum of encoding and removal time. Moreover, it was nearly the same as the time taken for either the encoding or removal process, indicating that encoding and removal are concurrent processes during updating. Additionally, we analyzed the proportion of correct responses and of different error types with a memory measurement model to investigate the effects of encoding and removal for information held in working memory. The analysis revealed that removal involves unbinding the outdated information from its context. However, despite the weakened bindings of information to its initial context, the outdated information still remains activated in working memory. Other information held in working memory benefitted little from removal of outdated information.
A Metapragmatic Analysis of Iraqi and American Political Legal Discourse
Authors: Naait Saleema Abdulzahra , Alshemmery Iman Mingher
Published: April 2024

Metapragmatics is a relatively new field of study that attracts the attention of many scholars in linguistics; it refers to the use of language about language use. In trials of political figures, such as Saddam Hussein and William Clinton, Iraqi and American legal discourses have not been addressed that much, if ever, metapragmatically; thus, the study aims to analyze these discourses metapragmatically. This paper attempts to answer central questions about identifying the metapragmatic expressions, explaining their functions, and describing the layers of metapragmatic monitoring of the detected metapragmatic expressions in the Iraqi and American legal discourse. Accordingly, the objectives are to identify the metapragmatic expressions detected by specific indicators and investigate their functions and role in monitoring the Iraqi and American broadcast political court discourses. Some extracts of the two figures mentioned above are analyzed according to a developed model encompassing Caffi’s (2016) model, Hubler and Bublitz’s (2007) metapragmatic parameters, and Culpuper and Haugh’s (2014) metapragmatic awareness indicators, and forms. The current study is hoped to be helpful for those researchers interested in the fields of pragmatics, politics, and applied linguistics. Since metapragmatics deals with the pragmatic meaning of language, this study highlights the importance of metapragmatic expressions in promoting productive interaction and organizing communication within the court, regardless of the language used. Further investigation of metapragmatics is recommended while analyzing political, literary, religious, social, and media discourse to understand the functions of the metapragmatic utterances used in different settings.
Comparison of hemodynamic response of intravenous lidocaine and esmolol during laryngoscopic intubation under general anesthesia for major abdominal surgery
Authors: Manpreet Singh  , Basu Maitraye , Ghosh Amrita , Pal Ranabir , Manasij Mitra
Published: April 2024

Background: Many studies have shown the beneficial effect of prophylactic lidocaine or esmolol on hemodynamic response during laryngoscopic intubation. Although many studies observed a better effect of esmolol over lidocaine, some studies have drawn an impression of equal efficacy or even no benefit with the use of either of the drugs.
Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to compare the heart rate (HR) at 1 min after intubation between the patients receiving lidocaine and esmolol. Other outcome measures were to compare HR at 3 and 5 min post-intubation and to compare the mean arterial pressure at 1, 3, and 5 min after intubation. In addition, the adverse events, if any, were noted.
Materials and Methods: Fifty patients, 30–45 years, either sex, Mallampati grade 1–2, of the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-II, posted for elective abdominal surgery requiring direct laryngoscopic endotracheal intubation were included. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups to receive esmolol 2 mg/kg (Group E, n=25) or 2% lidocaine 2 mg/kg (Group L, n=25), intravenously. HR and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) were recorded at 1-, 3-, and 5-min interval post-intubation.
Results: The mean HR at 1-min post-intubation was considerably lower using esmolol in comparison with lidocaine (91.7±9.7 vs. 107.7±5.1, P≤0.0001). The mean HR and MAP at 3-min and 5-min post-intubation were considerably lower with the use of esmolol compared with lidocaine.
Conclusion: Esmolol is better than lidocaine in attenuating the hemodynamic response of intubation.
आधारभूत तह (कक्षा १-३) मा नेपाली पठन सिप विकासका प्रभावकहरू
Authors: भट्टराई रमेश
Published: April 2024

प्रारम्भिक कक्षा पढाइ कार्यक्रमले सम्पूर्ण सिकाइको जगका रूपमा पठन सिपको महत्त्वलाई निर्देश गरेको छ । बालबालिका नै सिकाइ र शिक्षाको गुणस्तर निर्धारणका मूल आधार हुन् । तिनको शैक्षिक गुणस्तरलाई जन्मपूर्व आमाको कोखमा रहँदा पाएको वातावरणदेखि आमाको कोखबाहिर आएपछि पाएको वातावरणले प्रभाव पारेको हुन्छ। सन्तुलित साक्षरता र पठनबोध दक्षताको अभिवृद्धिका लागि बालस्वास्थ्य, बालसुरक्षा र उसले पाएको अवसरका साथै जैविकीय प्रभावले समेत काम गरेको हुन्छ । यसर्थ प्रस्तुत अध्ययन आधारभूत तह (कक्षा १-३) को नेपाली पठन सिप विकासका प्रभावकहरूको खोजीमा केन्द्रित छ । यो अध्ययन गुणात्मक अनुसन्धान विधिमा आधारित छ । यसमा प्राथमिक स्रोत सामग्रीका रूपमा सर्लाही जिल्लाको एउटा सामुदायिक विद्यालयलाई छनोट गरी कक्षा १, २ र ३ को अवलोकन तथा कुराकानीलाई समेत टिपोट गरिएको छ । उक्त कक्षामा अध्यापनरत दुई जना शिक्षिकासँग लिइएको अन्तर्वार्तालाई पठन कार्यकलाप सम्बद्ध सन्दर्भमा उपयोग गरिएको छ भने थप चार जना शिक्षकसँगको अनौपचारिक कुराकानीको टिपोटलाई सन्दर्भगत पुस्ट्याइँका लागि उपयोग गरिएको छ। द्वितीयक स्रोत सामग्रीका रूपमा नेपाल सरकारका दस्तावेजलगायतका अन्य शोधपरक सामग्रीलाई उपयोग गरिएको छ । अध्ययनबाट जैविक तथा मनोवैज्ञानिक प्रभावअन्तर्गत बालमस्तिष्कीय प्रभावले पठन सिप विकासमा आन्तरिक तवरले प्रभाव पार्ने देखियो । त्यस्तै विद्यालय र समुदायले दिएको परिवेशले पठन सिप विकासमा वाह्य रूपमा प्रभाव पारेको देखियो । यसर्थ बालपठन सिप विकासमा यिनै आन्तरिक र बाह्य कारकहरूको प्रभाव रहने निष्कर्ष प्राप्त भयो ।
Clinico-Histopathological Consistency in Dermatological Disorders in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kathmandu
Authors: Shrestha Akankshya , Gurung Tsering Dolma , Joshi Deepak Raj , Shrestha Dwarika Prasad
Published: April 2024

Introduction: A skin biopsy for histopathological examination is one of the most reliable investigations for confirming clinical diagnosis. When there is alignment of clinical and histopathological diagnosis, it demonstrates clinico-histopathological consistency. There is limited reported data on clinico-histopathological concordance in the context of Nepal.
Objectives: To determine the consistency of clinical and histopathological diagnosis of dermatological disorders.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 551 patients who underwent skin biopsy at the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, for a period of 1 year. Both inpatients and outpatients who had undergone a skin biopsy were included in the study. Demographic data, clinical and histopathological diagnoses were noted on a proforma sheet. Histopathological diagnoses, both definitive and  descriptive, were deemed consistent when they aligned with the clinical diagnoses. Conversely, if either definitive or descriptive histopathological diagnoses were not concordant with the clinical diagnoses, they were categorized as inconsistent.
Results: The mean age of patients was 41.42 (±18.42) years. The male to female ratio was 1:1.5. Out of 551 cases who underwent skin biopsy, clinico-histopathological consistency was found in 64.43% of cases (355), whereas clinico-histopathological inconsistency was present in 35.57% (196). The maximum concordance was present in eczematous disorders (58.06%), followed by immunobullous disorders (47.22%), and vasculitis (45.45%).
Conclusion: The overall clinico-histopathological consistency was 64.43%. Both experienced dermatologists and pathologists need to assist each other in providing a better understanding of the diagnostic process. This study  emphasizes need for this cooperation and will aid in evaluating clinico-histopathological consistency.
Evaluation of Effectiveness of Sinus Surgery in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patients using Sinonasal Outcome Index-22, modified Lund Mackay Score and Rhinosinusitis Disability Index
Authors: Pokharel Apar , Mayya P Jaya , Bhandari Chhanya , Sharma Bibek
Published: April 2024

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is done in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) not responding to medical therapy. This study aims to evaluate the subjective, objective and overall quality of life improvement in CRS patients following FESS surgery. Sinonasal outcome index-22, modified Lund-Mackay score and Rhinosinusitis Disability Index were used to evaluate subjective, objective and overall quality of life in patients with CRS. The questionnaires were asked before the surgery and three months after surgery. A total of 110 patients were enrolled in the study. All three types of evaluation showed improvement following FESS surgery. FESS in CRS patients refractory to medical management caused significant improvement in symptom intensity, endoscopic score and overall quality of life.
Laser Lithotripsy for the Management of Ureteric Calculus
Authors: Subedi Neeraj , Khadka Mohan , Pun Hemant , Dhakal Prakrit , Bogati Ananya Singh
Published: April 2024

Urinary calculi are important problem in urology field. Ureteral stones can cause obstructive uropathy and subsequent deterioration of renal function. The minimal invasive approaches become the major source of treatment modalities with the development of lithotripsy technology. A prospective cross sectional hospital study was conducted in the Urology Department of a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu for a period of one year (September 2022 to August 2023). A total of 118 patients attending Urology OPD and undergoing laser lithotripsy were included in the study. Ureteroscopic procedure was done using a 6.5 Fr (Wolf Inc., Germany) semirigid ureteroscope under direct endoscopic vision and once the stone was visible, fragmentation was done using Ho-YAG laser. The mean age of the patients was 35.36 ± 11.65 years with male preponderance (58.5%). The common presenting symptom was flank pain and ureteric calculus was more common in the left side (49.2%). Upper ureteric calculus (60.2%) and single stone (83.9%) were more common. Stone size <10 mm (54.2%) and density more than 1000 HU (87.3%) were more common. Stone retropulsion was seen in 16.1% cases and 78% had no post operative complications. SFR in Xray KUB was 94.9% and in USG was 78.8%. The association of SFR in Xray KUB and USG among different variables - male and female patients, patients with stone size < and ≥ 10 mm, stone density < and ≥ 1000 HU and sites (upper, middle and lower) was statistically not significant. The laser lithotripsy technique was found to be effective and safe for ureteric calculus with high SFR.
नेपालको विकासमा सांस्कृतिक पर्यटनको महत्व र सरकारी प्रयास : एक अध्ययन
Authors: गौतम Gautam शिला पोख्रेल Shila Pokhrel
Published: April 2024

Available with fulltext.
An Overview on Nanotechnology and Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Khanduri Naresh
Published: April 2024

Nanotechnology is a rapidly increasing area of research and recent advancements have demonstrated its promise in medicinal applications. One such application is in cancer diagnosis and treatment. These led to the creation of innovative, sophisticated applications that diagnose cancer cells, transport medications to target tissue, record treatment outcomes and observe intracellular alterations to assist stop precancerous cells from turning malignant.They assist in the investigation of factors such as cellular mechanics, morphology and cytoskeleton, which have proven difficult to attain with traditional technologies.
Legal Protection for Digital Currency Investment Activities according to Positive Law in Indonesia
Authors: Iqbal Muh. , Salim HS , Suhartama Lalu Wira Pria
Published: April 2024

This study aims to understand and examine the position of digital currency according to positive laws in Indonesia and to determine the Financial Services Authority's (OJK) protection against illegal digital currency investment activities in Indonesia. This research uses a normative research approach. The position of digital currency according to Positive Law in Indonesia is that digital currency in Indonesia is only considered a trade commodity under the supervision of the Commodity Futures Trading Regulatory Agency or Bappebti, as stipulated in Article 1 Number 7 of the Commodity Futures Trading Regulatory Agency Regulation Number 5 of 2019 concerning Technical Provisions for the Operation of Crypto Asset Physical Asset Markets on Exchanges. Therefore, digital currency cannot replace the national currency of the Republic of Indonesia, namely the Rupiah. The Financial Services Authority's (OJK) protection against illegal digital currency investment activities in Indonesia is carried out through two methods: preventive and repressive. Preventive measures involve issuing regulations and conducting socialization, while repressive measures involve imposing sanctions.
The Role of Welding Parameters in Hydrogen Embrittlement Mitigation: A Case Study in Steel
Authors: Rudzinskas Vitalijus , Kapustynskyi Oleksandr
Published: April 2024

This research investigates the mitigation of hydrogen embrittlement in steel, focusing on the effects of metallurgical hydrogen and the efficacy of various reduction techniques. Key findings demonstrate that vacuum treatment during steel casting combined with thermal treatment significantly lowers hydrogen content, enhancing steel's resistance to embrittlement. Welding processes differ in susceptibility to hydrogen-induced cracking, with submerged arc welding (SAW) showing the least and shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) the most susceptibility. Employing multipass welding, along with preheating and post-weld heat treatments, effectively minimizes hydrogen-related cracking by promoting even hydrogen distribution and desorption. The study highlights the successful application of fluoride-ion-containing welding fluxes, such as CaF2 and KF, to reduce weld hydrogen levels through chemical reactions. Furthermore, the choice of welding parameters, particularly the arc voltage, substantially impacts the hydrogen concentration in the welds. Additionally, the incorporation of hydrogen-binding elements such as yttrium significantly reduces the level of free hydrogen, thereby enhancing resistance to hydrogen corrosion. The research underlines the need for selecting appropriate welding methods and parameters to effectively reduce the adverse effects on welded joints. In conclusion, optimizing vacuum and thermal treatments, along with developing innovative welding materials, is imperative to control hydrogen content, crucial to the longevity and reliability of steel products in hydrogen-sensitive applications such as the oil and gas sector.