bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ЗМІНИ В СИСТЕМІ КАДРОВОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ ГОТЕЛЬНОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Грищук Анна , Гордон Христина
Published: October 2021

У статті досліджуються зміни в системі кадрового забезпечення підприємств готельного господарства України. Проаналізовано готельний бізнес України через призму основних періодів його розвитку за останні десять років. Визначено основні проблеми кадрового забезпечення підприємств цієї галузі у розрізі вікової, професійної структури, що підтвердило необхідність якнайшвидшого оновлення кадрів у даній галузі відповідно до нових зростаючих вимог ринку та ситуації, пов’язаної з пандемією Covid-19. Доведено, що велику роль у підвищенні конкурентоспроможності готельного господарства відіграє рівень освіти, професійна підготовка та навчання кадрів для цієї галузі. Зокрема, зазначено, що зміни в системі кадрового забезпечення на підприємствах цієї галузі, насамперед, повинні стосуватися: налагодження співпраці з ЗВО, що готують фахівців для цього господарства, з метою забезпечення тісного взаємозв’язку теорії та практики навчання; посилення ролі підвищення кваліфікації персоналу; застосування концепції безперервного навчання.
Melatonin: an ancient note in a contemporary wrap
Authors: Banerjee Adrita , Chattopadhyay Aindrila , Bandyopadhyay Debasish
Published: October 2021

At the beginning of life, natural selection is and still the principal driving force for the evolution of all organisms to adapt in the particular environments of the earth. As a result, ultimately neither the strongest, nor the supreme intelligent but the most adaptable species win the race. Not only the organisms, but also the elements which are necessary for survival of them also undergo extreme evolution. These include DNA, proteins and other biochemical moleculesAt the beginning of life, natural selection is and still the principal driving force for the evolution of all organisms to adapt in the particular environments of the earth. As a result, ultimately neither the strongest, nor the supreme intelligent but the most adaptable species win the race. Not only the organisms, but also the elements which are necessary for survival of them also undergo extreme evolution. These include DNA, proteins and other biochemical molecules. However, melatonin, an indoleamine, presents in the early life form remains unchanged in its structure from unicellular organisms to mammals. When it was discovered, it was considered to be a neuronal hormone produced exclusively in the pineal gland of vertebrates. The latter discovery of its presence in primitive bacteria drives the melatonin research in different directions. Its primary function is serving as an antioxidant in all organisms. Its chemical structure is perfect to scavenge free radicals and thus, this molecule is preserved from bacteria to mammals. However, this molecule acquired many additional functions during evolution. These include circadian regulation, immuno-enhancement, oncostatic, anti-inflammatory and anti-aging activities. In the review, we are trying to present hypothetical and most plausible chronological events in the functional evolvements of melatonin during the process of evolution.
Rationale for the continued use of melatonin to combat the delta variant of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Reiter Russel J , Cardinali Daniel P , Neel Richard L , Rodriguez Alberto Dominguez , Brown Gregory M D , Tesarik Jan
Published: October 2021

Melatonin was shown to prevent or mitigate a number of different respiratory and non-respiratory viral diseases. Given its non-specific anti-viral action, it is likely to be effective against the delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 as well as any eventual future variants of the virus.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN JIGSAW UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS XII MIPA SMAN 2 BOGOR
Authors: Kusdinan Nevy Vilanti
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe Jigsaw pada Mata Pelajaran PPKn Pokok Bahasan Peran Lembaga Penegak Hukum dalam Menjamin Keadilan dan Kedamaian  terhadap siswa kelas XII MIPA 1 SMAN 2 Kota Bogor. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dengan sampel dilakukan secara sengaja oleh peneliti yaitu sebanyak 36 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu: tes dan observasi. Proses penerapan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw pada mata pelajaran Matematika melalui empat tahapan dengan dua siklus yaitu: Perencanaan, Pelaksanaan, Observasi, dan refleksi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, pra siklus menunjukkan hasil belajar siswa 13,9 %. Pada siklus pertama rata-rata Ketuntasan belajar siswa sebesar 33,3%. Pada Siklus kedua rata-rata Ketuntasan belajar siswa meningkat menjadi 91,7 %, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe Jigsaw terhadap Mata Pelajaran Matematika Pokok bahasan Integral. Jadi, model Pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe Jigsaw ini bisa menjadi salah satu alternatif model pembelajaran yang bisa diterapkan dalam proses pembelajaran Matematika.
Revealing Postcolonialism through Unrelated Words Translation Strategy in Translating Toer’s Bumi Manusia into Lane’s This Earth Of Mankind
Authors: Wedhowerti  , Oentari Brigitta Sita
Published: October 2021

The fast development of translation field entails transferring one culture to another culture. Linguistic elements and the message of a writing, the external background such as culture, political, economic, or even historical background that adheres to the Source Text (ST) inevitably has to be taken to the Target Text (TT). In order to produce an acceptable product of literary translation, a translator has to possess knowledge of Source Text background. This research is aimed at finding out the ideology in unrelated words’ translation strategy in translating Toer’s Bumi Manusia, a winner of PEN Freedom-to-write Awards in 1988 and Ramon Magsaysay Awards in 1995. This novel shows a truthful depiction of what happened back then in Indonesia and the values that were struggled for the society. This novel is translated into This Earth of Mankind. This research gives a perspective regarding postcolonial translation in a way that it reveals the ideology and scope of postcolonialism by observing and understanding unrelated words’ translation strategy. Revealing postcolonialism in This Earth of Mankind is done through translation using unrelated words as the concept expressed by the source item is not lexicalized at all in English in the light of postcolonial translation approach. The findings of translation of the postcolonial novel into English show a great deal in meaning and context alteration, the loss of information, the less impact in reading and interpreting the text, and generalization which universalizes the unique and great Javanese culture as the main setting of the story Bumi Manusia. Translation using unrelated words reveals neo-colonialism which unfortunately still dominates through the work of translation.
An Application of Grosjean’s (2001) Bilingual’s Language Modes on English Language Teaching as Medium of Instruction in Ghanaian Primary Schools
Authors: Owusu Edward , Afram Charles Senior
Published: October 2021

Bialystok (2015) argues that the bilingual’s cognitive benefit is related to the continuous supervision and the need for conflict resolution that happens when dual languages are co-activated. One framework that clearly projects the experience of the bilingual, in terms of swapping languages is the bilingual’s language modes (BLMs) by Grosjean (2001). In this review paper, we have highlighted the policy of medium of instruction for teaching English in primary schools in Ghana. Again, we have briefly described the tenants of the BLMs, and demonstrated how these modes can be applied on the Ghanaian bilingual primary schools. On the basis of the BLMs, we argue that the most suitable medium of instruction for teaching and learning of English as a second language at the primary level (primary 1 - 6) of a diverse Ghanaian multilingual society should be English language, and the mother tongue of the community within which the school is situated. This argument is in conformism with Anyidoho (2009), and Owusu et al. (2015). Consequently, this paper would enable the key stakeholders of Ghanaian primary schools, to reexamine the policy of instruction for teaching English in Ghanaian primary schools, by placing prominence on the first language of the various speech communities in Ghana.
Discursive Inclusion and Exclusion of Transgressor(s) in English and Arabic Political Condemnations
Authors: Ja’ afar Istiqlal Hassan , Alhamad Maitham Sarhan H.
Published: October 2021

Political condemnations are expressive illocutionary acts enacted by political actors to publicly denounce and raise awareness of a certain moral transgression(s) committed by particular transgressors(s). The current article aims to cross-culturally investigate the linguistic devices deployed by politicians to include or exclude the identity of the transgressor(s) in selected English and Arabic political condemnation statements and to investigate how political affiliations and disaffiliations of political actors affect and influence the ways social actors are represented in political condemnations. The article mainly draws on Van Leeuwen’s (2008) Social Actor Representation framework to analyze the selected dataset. The study concludes that in both languages, condemners adopt, more or less, similar linguistic devices and discursive strategies to including and excluding of transgressor(s). It was also found that unlike the English statements, whereby implicit inclusion, i.e. backgrounding is utilized, transgressor(s) in the Arabic statements is found to be either included or excluded in the condemnation statements. Moreover, transgressors’ inclusion and exclusion were found to be, to a certain degree, ideologically motivated and deeply affected and mostly demarcated by the relationships between the condemners and the condemned parties on one hand, and between the condemning party and the parties affected by the transgression act(s).
Religious Identity in Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart
Authors: Abdu-Alhakam Abubakr M. A.
Published: October 2021

This paper aims to investigate illustrations of religious identity in Chinua Achebe's novel Things Fall Apart. It explores types of identity dimensions and other cultural factors that influence the formation and maintenance of religious identity portrayed in the novel. It also attempts to study the effect of religious identity on the relations between the characters in the novel. The paper takes a qualitative approach for its textual analysis, and it adopts the descriptive discourse analysis (DDA) method guided by the intercultural communication theory (ICT). The study concludes that religious identity is depicted by stereotypical concepts and religious-based actions, i.e., actions that have pure religious motivations. The natives' masculine identity strengthens their religious identity. Their racial identity does not affect their religious identity, while ethnic and class identities have some weak positive impacts. The personal attitude of the protagonist is opposite to the native communal mainstream. The results also reveal that religion is the base of almost all the characters’ actions. The study confirms the validity of applying the ICT on fictive data and reinforces the bidirectional influence between identity and communication as identity is conceptualized through the confrontations with others.
Islamic Teachers’ Perceptions of Using Questioning for Improving Saudi Secondary Students’ Schools Learning Engagement
Authors: Alwadai Mesfer Ahmad Mesfer
Published: October 2021

The paper explores the Islamic teachers’ perceptions of using questioning for improving Saudi high students’ schools learning engagement. The research conducted with a total of 150 male students attending Saudi high schools. By using the mixed-method research approaches, the researcher will collect the study data by survey and observation. Findings revealed that questioning fosters a sense of student competences and provides students with autonomy support. Also, it establishes positive teacher-student relationships and improves students high-ordered thinking. However, questioning sometimes supports class disruptions. Finally, the study recommended investigating perceptions of teachers in other disciplines, such as language arts, social science, English, and math toward using questioning in the classroom setting. Moreover, it is essential to students the effect of questioning on students learning acquisition, and learning achievement in Saudi high-schools. This study is among the first to investigate, particularly, the Islamic teachers in enhancing Saudi Secondary School Students' Learning Engagement in the context of Arab countries.
Psychological and Cultural Treatment of Traumatized Subject(s): Reading Laleh Khadivi’s The Walking in Terms of Theories of Trauma
Authors: Hosseini Sajed , Afani Snoor
Published: October 2021

The present study aims to scrutinize the concept of trauma in Laleh khadivi’s work entitled, The Walking. The objective of the study is to examine how Khadivi’s work can be read through theories of trauma. The Freudian notion of trauma focuses on the remaining psychological wounds on subjects’ identity while Alexander’s concept, cultural trauma, concentrates on the cultural outcome of a horrendous event at the collective level. Traumas are not solely private psychological experiences and are restricted to one solitude individual as they can expose themselves as collective experiences. Literary works are valuable properties picturing the results and outcomes of trauma both at its individual and collective level. In the current paper, concepts related to traumas will be defined to examine the characters in Khadivi’s novel. The novel provides a set of chronological events that happened to a minority group during the Iranian revolution. The author chooses her characters of Iranians of Kurdish immigrants. The Walking, reminds us of events happening during 1976 in Iran, after The Islamic Revolution. The article will delineate that characters are psychologically traumatized after the revolution in Iran as well as experiencing cultural trauma during the twentieth century.
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI IBU DALAM PEMBERIAN NUTRISI PADA BADUTA (BAWAH DUA TAHUN) DI KABUPATEN JOMBANG
Authors: Probowati Ririn , Wibowo Heri , Prihatini Monika Sawitri , Ratnawati Mamik
Published: October 2021

Masalah gangguan gizi pada anak-anak di Indonesia menempati urutan tertinggi dengan berbagai banyak factor yang mempengaruhi status gizi. Pemberian Nurisi yang di lakukan oleh ibu akan mempengaruhi status gizi Baduta

. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi ibu dalam pemberian nutisi Baduta (bawah dua tahun) di Kabupaten Jombang. Metode: case control dengan rancangan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah sebagian Ibu yang mempunyai baduta usia 0-2 tahun di kabupaten Jombang 2019 sebesar 242 dengan conveniencesampling. Varibel penelitian penyakit, Pendidikan dan pengetahuan orang tua, jumlah tanggung dan pendapatan, budaya keluarga. Pengambilan data menggunakan instrument. Analisa data menggunakan Uji statistik uji regresi logistik berganda. Hasil penelitian: Tidak ada hubungan antara faktor penyakit, pendidikan ibu dengan status gizi baduta. Ada hubungan antara penggunaan fasilitas kesehatan, pengetahuan, tanggungan, budaya, penghasilan keluarga dan budaya. Faktor penghasilan mempunyai hubungan paling kuat mempengaruhi status gizi baduta. Pembahasan dan kesimpulan:  Semakin tinggi pendapatan keluarga, ibu dapat memberikan berbagai jenis, jumlah makan yang ber gizi sesuai dengan kebutuhan anggota keluarga masing – masing. Pemberian makanan yang beraneka ragam dan jumlah yang sesuai untuk anak Baduta akan berdampak pada status gizi yang baik sesuai dengan usia pertumbuhan dan perkembangan
Symbolic Meaning in the Traditional Dance of Bugis Makassar, Pakarena Dance (A Semiotic Study)
Authors: Asyrafunnisa Asyrafunnisa
Published: October 2021

This research aims to find the function and symbolic meaning of Pakarena Dance in Bugis Makassar society which is the dance movements represented the principal life. The research was conducted in South Sulawesi, Makassar. The data were collected from Library Research. The researcher used descriptive qualitative methods. The research showed the four functions of Pakarena Dance; (1) King's accompaniment (2) The means of Da'wah through its movements (3) The form of Gratitude (4). Entertainment Facilities. And Pakarena Dance has 13 parts symbolic meaning; (1). “Samboritta” (making friends) (2). Jangang leak-leak (rooster crows) (3). Ma'biring kassi(4). Bisei ri lau '(rowing to the east) (5). Angingkamalino (wind without blowing) (6). Anni-anni (spinning yarn) (7). Dalle tabbua (enduring fate patiently) (8). Nigandang (repeatedly) (9) So'nayya (dreaming) (10). Iyolle ', (looking for the truth) (11). Lambassari (disappointment) (12). Leko 'bo'dong(13). Sanro beja '(birth shaman). In this case, sign, idea and object have relation to show the symbolic meaning of Pakarena Dance.
Mentor or Tormentor? A Commentary on the Fractured Role of Mentoring in Paramedicine
Authors: Bell Andrew , Whitfield Steve
Published: October 2021

The relatively quick evolution of paramedicine and the inevitable ‘growing pains’ associated with an evolving profession has seen mentoring and the role of the mentor become clouded in confusion, ineffective education and a lack of specific research. Paramedicine's recent development as a registered profession has also seen mentoring explicitly outlined as being a capability expected of all registered paramedics. However, the paramedic-mentoring model in Australia seems to have been mostly left up to the individual paramedic to develop in isolation from adequate training and mentoring themselves. If paramedicine is to continue its evolution as a legitimate healthcare profession, the quality of clinical mentoring must be acknowledged as a significant factor by higher education institutions, and the public and private services who employ paramedics, and nurtured accordingly.
AVALIAÇÃO DA PRODUÇÃO ORGÂNICA DE ALFACE AMERICANA (Lactuca sativa L.) EM FUNÇÃO DO MANEJO DO SOLO E ADUBAÇÃO COM RESÍDUOS DE ORIGEM ANIMAL E VEGETAL
Authors: Justino Flailton justino alves , Neto Raimundo Pinheiro , Sena José Ozinaldo Alves de , Marques Paulo Cesário , Silva Mateus José Falleiros da
Published: October 2021

O estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar a produção de alface americana Lucy Brown com adubação de resíduos de origem animal e vegetal. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram: esterco bovino curtido, esterco bovino fresco, composto orgânico, brotos de leucena e testemunha. Avaliou-se massa fresca total, massa fresca comercial, massa fresca descarte, massa seca total, massa seca comercial, massa seca descarte, comprimentos de raízes, peso fresco total e peso seco total das raízes. Os adubos composto orgânico, esterco fresco, esterco curtido e leucena, quando não incorporados, reduziram a produção da massa fresca comercial. Os adubos não influenciaram na produção de massa fresca total, massa fresca descartável, massa seca total, massa seca comercial, massa seca descartável, no peso fresco e nem no peso total das raízes. Os adubos feitos em cobertura e os incorporados não diferiram na produção e comprimento das raízes das alfaces.
Avaliação das TICs na realização da educação popular em comunidade de reassentados
Authors: Leite Daniel de Carvalho , Santos Delfran Batista dos , Souza Heron Ferreira , Souza Antonio José de , Azevedo Delka de Oliveira
Published: October 2021

Visando à reinserção socioprodutiva de famílias reassentadas, foi realizada uma capacitação, presencial, sobre a produção de hortaliças agroecológicas na Vila Produtiva Rural Uri (VPR Uri). No entanto, com a chegada abrupta do novo Coronavírus, o diálogo com as famílias e o acompanhamento ao desenvolvimento da horta teve que ser realizado de forma remota. Diante disso, este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar se o uso das TICs contribui na prática da Educação Popular voltada para a produção agroecológica de hortaliças na VPR Uri. Por meio de um grupo de WhatsApp, constatou-se que as famílias estavam com dificuldades para o cultivo das plantas devido ao ataque de insetos e de doenças. Para tentar resolver esse problema, foram enviados vídeos orientando como preparar biofertilizantes e defensivos naturais. Houve boa interação por parte das famílias, contudo não foi possível perceber se o conteúdo de todos os vídeos foi realmente compreendido e nem as causas do ataque dos insetos e das doenças nas plantas.
Trends of bivalve (Bivalvia) research in East Malaysia: a systematic review
Authors: Hamli Hadi , Asif Abdulla Al
Published: October 2021

The unique biodiversity in Malaysia makes this country a global hotspot for different aspects of research. Many European and non-native research activities are conducting by different research groups, whereas local institutions also collaborate with them to explore the pristine nature of west (peninsular Malaysia) and East Malaysia (Sarawak and Sabah province). East Malaysia is located in Borneo Island, and the biodiversity of this area are huge. The current review work scrutinized the information about the research activities on aquatic bivalve species and their different aspects of the investigation. This investigation revealed, to date 28 research publications were published on aquatic bivalves from eastern Malaysia, where biodiversity, conservation and ecology was the major aspect of research. The other aspects were aquaculture, natural history and taxonomy, nutritional study, reproduction of bivalve, morphology, and pollution can be mentionable. The major portion of this eastern Malaysia are not investigated and it is assumed that many species are still not reported. Further studies demand to explore the vast bivalve biodiversity of this part of Malaysia.
Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2021, 6 (2), 50-59
A New Pre-Order Relation for Set Optimization using l-difference
Authors: KARAMAN Emrah
Published: October 2021

A new relation on the subset of the space is defined via l-difference in this work. This is a pre-order relation on the family of nonempty sets. Some relations between this pre-order relation and well-known order relations are investigated. Also, solution points of a set-valued optimization problem via set and vector approaches are examined.
Responsible biosecurity and risk mitigation for laboratory research on emerging pathogens of amphibians
Authors: Woodhams DC , Madison JD , Bletz MC , McCartney J , LaBumbard BC , Whetstone R , McDonnell NB , Preissler K , Sabino-Pinto J , Piovia-Scott J
Published: October 2021

The increasing study of emerging wildlife pathogens and a lack of policy or legislation regulating their translocation and use has heightened concerns about laboratory escape, species spillover, and subsequent epizootics among animal populations. Responsible self-regulation by research laboratories, in conjunction with institutional-level safeguards, has an important role in mitigating pathogen transmission and spillover, as well as potential interspecies pathogenesis. A model system in disease ecology that highlights these concerns and related amelioration efforts is research focused on amphibian emerging infectious diseases. Whereas laboratory escape of amphibian pathogens has not been reported and may be rare compared with introduction events from trade or human globalization, the threat that novel disease outbreaks with mass mortality effects pose to wild populations warrants thorough biosecurity measures to ensure containment and prevent spillover. Here, we present a case study of the laboratory biosecurity concerns for the emerging amphibian fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans. We conclude that proactive biosecurity strategies are needed to integrate researcher and institutional oversight of aquatic wildlife pathogens generally, and we call for increased national and international policy and legislative enforcement. Furthermore, taking professional responsibility beyond current regulations is needed as development of legal guidance can be slow at national and international levels. We outline the need for annual laboratory risk assessments, comprehensive training for all laboratory personnel, and appropriate safeguards specific to pathogens under study. These strategies are critical for upholding the integrity and credibility of the scientific community and maintaining public support for research on wildlife diseases.
Development of Digital Twins to Optimize Trauma Surgery and Postoperative Management. A Case Study Focusing on Tibial Plateau Fracture
Authors: Aubert Kévin , Germaneau Arnaud , Rochette Michel , Ye Wenfeng , Severyns Mathieu , Billot Maxime , Rigoard Philippe , Vendeuvre Tanguy
Published: October 2021

Background and context: Surgical procedures are evolving toward less invasive and more tailored approaches to consider the specific pathology, morphology, and life habits of a patient. However, these new surgical methods require thorough preoperative planning and an advanced understanding of biomechanical behaviors. In this sense, patient-specific modeling is developing in the form of digital twins to help personalized clinical decision-making.

Purpose: This study presents a patient-specific finite element model approach, focusing on tibial plateau fractures, to enhance biomechanical knowledge to optimize surgical trauma procedures and improve decision-making in postoperative management.

Study design: This is a level 5 study.

Methods: We used a postoperative 3D X-ray image of a patient who suffered from depression and separation of the lateral tibial plateau. The surgeon stabilized the fracture with polymethyl methacrylate cement injection and bi-cortical screw osteosynthesis. A digital twin of the patient’s fracture was created by segmentation. From the digital twin, four stabilization methods were modeled including two screw lengths, whether or not, to inject PMMA cement. The four stabilization methods were associated with three bone healing conditions resulting in twelve scenarios. Mechanical strength, stress distribution, interfragmentary strains, and fragment kinematics were assessed by applying the maximum load during gait. Repeated fracture risks were evaluated regarding to the volume of bone with stress above the local yield strength and regarding to the interfragmentary strains.

Results: Stress distribution analysis highlighted the mechanical contribution of cement injection and the favorable mechanical response of uni-cortical screw compared to bi-cortical screw. Evaluation of repeated fracture risks for this clinical case showed fracture instability for two of the twelve simulated scenarios.

Conclusion: This study presents a patient-specific finite element modeling workflow to assess the biomechanical behaviors associated with different stabilization methods of tibial plateau fractures. Strength and interfragmentary strains were evaluated to quantify the mechanical effects of surgical procedures. We evaluate repeated fracture risks and provide data for postoperative management.
MCM3AP-AS1: An Indispensable Cancer-Related LncRNA
Authors: Yu Xiao , Zheng Qingyuan , Zhang Qiyao , Zhang Shuijun , He Yuting , Guo Wenzhi
Published: October 2021

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA molecules with transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that have no protein-coding ability. MCM3AP-AS1, a novel lncRNA, is aberrantly expressed in human cancers. It is significantly associated with many clinical characteristics, such as tumor size, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, and pathological grade. Additionally, it considerably promotes or suppresses tumor progression by controlling the biological functions of cells. MCM3AP-AS1 is a promising biomarker for cancer diagnosis, prognosis evaluation, and treatment. In this review, we briefly summarized the published studies on the expression, biological function, and regulatory mechanisms of MCM3AP-AS1. We also discussed the clinical applications of MCM3AP-AS1 as a biomarker.
2D/3D Copper-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Electrochemical Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Guo Xiangjian , Lin Chuyan , Zhang Minjun , Duan Xuewei , Dong Xiangru , Sun Duanping , Pan Jianbin , You Tianhui
Published: October 2021

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been extensively used as modified materials of electrochemical sensors in the food industry and agricultural system. In this work, two kinds of copper-based MOFs (Cu-MOFs) with a two dimensional (2D) sheet-like structure and three dimensional (3D) octahedral structure for H2O2 detection were synthesized and compared. The synthesized 2D and 3D Cu-MOFs were modified on the glassy carbon electrode to fabricate electrochemical sensors, respectively. The sensor with 3D Cu-MOF modification (HKUST-1/GCE) presented better electrocatalytic performance than the 2D Cu-MOF modified sensor in H2O2 reduction. Under optimal conditions, the prepared sensor displayed two wide linear ranges of 2 μM–3 mM and 3–25 mM and a low detection limit of 0.68 μM. In addition, the 3D Cu-MOF sensor exhibited good selectivity and stability. Furthermore, the prepared HKUST-1/GCE was used for the detection of H2O2 in milk samples with a high recovery rate, indicating great potential and applicability for the detection of substances in food samples. This work provides a convenient, practical, and low-cost route for analysis and extends the application range of MOFs in the food industry, agricultural and environmental systems, and even in the medical field.
Sex Matters: Effects of Sex and Mating in the Presence and Absence of a Protective Microbe
Authors: Kloock Anke , Peters Lena , Rafaluk-Mohr Charlotte
Published: October 2021

In most animals, female investment in offspring production is greater than for males. Lifetime reproductive success (LRS) is predicted to be optimized in females through extended lifespans to maximize reproductive events by increased investment in immunity. Males, however, maximize lifetime reproductive success by obtaining as many matings as possible. In populations consisting of mainly hermaphrodites, optimization of reproductive success may be primarily influenced by gamete and resource availability. Microbe-mediated protection (MMP) is known to affect both immunity and reproduction, but whether sex influences the response to MMP remains to be explored. Here, we investigated the sex-specific differences in survival, behavior, and timing of offspring production between feminized hermaphrodite (female) and male Caenorhabditis elegans following pathogenic infection with Staphylococcus aureus with or without MMP by Enterococcus faecalis. Overall, female survival decreased with increased mating. With MMP, females increased investment into offspring production, while males displayed higher behavioral activity. MMP was furthermore able to dampen costs that females experience due to mating with males. These results demonstrate that strategies employed under pathogen infection with and without MMP are sex dependent.
A Systematic Map of Inclusion, Equity and Diversity in Science Communication Research: Do We Practice what We Preach?
Authors: Judd Karina , McKinnon Merryn
Published: October 2021

Effective engagement with diverse stakeholders, combating misinformation and encouraging wider participation in science is core to science communication practice, and comprises much of the current focus of research in the discipline. Global events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, have clearly shown that social inequalities also manifest within communication structures, including those of science communication. Practices which are inclusive of diverse audiences are key if we wish to engage diverse audiences in finding solutions to societal issues. Yet there is little available evidence to show which diverse, marginalised and/or excluded groups are being engaged within science communication, and via what means. This paper develops a systematic map of academic literature spanning 40 years to provide a preliminary evidence base of how diversity and inclusion within science communication research and practice is conceived and implemented. Although the discipline has shown an increased focus within the last 5 years, science communication must evolve further in order to develop a robust evidence base for understanding what constitutes inclusive science communication in both theory and practice.
Sealing Behavior in Transcatheter Bicuspid and Tricuspid Aortic Valves Replacement Through Patient-Specific Computational Modeling
Authors: Liu Xianbao , Fan Jiaqi , Mortier Peter , He Yuxin , Zhu Qifeng , Guo Yuchao , Lin Xinping , Li Huajun , Jiang Jubo , Rocatello Giorgia , Oliveira Vanda , Dezutter Tim , Sondergaard Lars , Wang Jian'an
Published: October 2021

Background: Patient-specific computer simulation of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) can provide unique insights in device-patient interaction.

Aims: This study was to compare transcatheter aortic valve sealing behavior in patients with bicuspid aortic valves (BAV) and tricuspid aortic valves (TAV) through patient-specific computational modeling.

Methods: Patient-specific computer simulation was retrospectively performed with FEops HEARTguide for TAVR patients. Simulation output was compared with postprocedural computed tomography and echocardiography to validate the accuracy. Skirt malapposition was defined by a distance larger than 1 mm based on the predicted device-patient interaction by quantifying the distance between the transcatheter heart valve (THV) skirt and the surrounding anatomical regions.

Results: In total, 43 patients were included in the study. Predicted and observed THV frame deformation showed good correlation (R2 ≥ 0.90) for all analyzed measurements (maximum diameter, minimum diameter, area, and perimeter). The amount of predicted THV skirt malapposition was strongly linked with the echocardiographic grading of paravalvular leakage (PVL). More THV skirt malapposition was observed for BAV cases when compared to TAV cases (22.7 vs. 15.5%, p < 0.05). A detailed analysis of skirt malapposition showed a higher degree of malapposition in the interleaflet triangles section for BAV cases as compared to TAV patients (11.1 vs. 5.8%, p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Patient-specific computer simulation of TAVR can accurately predict the behavior of the Venus A-valve. BAV patients are associated with more malapposition of the THV skirt as compared to TAV patients, and this is mainly driven by more malapposition in the interleaflet triangle region.
Thermo-Economic Comparison Between Organic Rankine Cycle and Binary-Flashing Cycle for Geothermal Energy
Authors: Zhao Yuan , Du Bowen , Chen Shunyi , Zhao Jun , Gong Yulie , Bu Xianbiao , Li Huashan , Wang Lingbao
Published: October 2021

Geothermal energy is a characteristic of widely distributed, high capacity factor, high reliability, and lower environmental impact potential values. And it will play an important role in achieving the goal of carbon neutral carbon peak. Nonetheless, geothermal energy presents its own particular challenges, i.e., the high investment cost and long payback period. The binary flashing cycle (BFC) system is proved to be a promising power generation technology due to the efficient and full utilization of a low-grade heat source. While the economic performance still needs further evaluation, in the present study, the thermo-economic comparison between organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and the BFC for geothermal energy has been investigated. R245fa has been chosen as the working fluid. Considering the thermodynamic and economic performance simutaneously, several evaluation indicators were selected including thermal efficiency, exergy efficiency, net power output per ton geothermal water, heat exchanger area, and heat recovery efficiency, and the system modeling and comparison were presented. The simulation results reveal that the BFC system obtains 32% more net power output than the ORC system under the working conditions investigated. The heat recovery efficiency of the BFC is 1.96 times as much as that of the ORC, which indicates that the BFC can realize the full utilization of low-grade energy. And more heat exchanger areas are required in the BFC system. What is more, the preliminary discussion of the economic feasibility of BFC system applied in the FengShun geothermal power plant is presented. The payback period of the BFC is just 6.0 years under the generation pressure of 600 kPa. It is indicated that the BFC system has obvious economic benefits, especially in a nonflowing geothermal well.
Analysis of Egg Variation and Foreign Egg Rejection in Rüppell’s Weaver (Ploceus galbula)
Authors: Lahti David C.
Published: October 2021

Egg appearance is notable for its variation and as a source of recognition cues in bird species that are subject to egg-mimicking brood parasitism. Here I analyze the egg appearance of an East African weaverbird species that has variable eggs and is a host of brood parasitism by an egg-mimicking cuckoo, in order to (1) compare population variation to variation within a clutch as a measure of the distinctiveness of eggs; (2) assess modularity versus correlation among egg appearance traits as an indication of the complexity of egg signatures; and (3) address whether the eggs are discretely polymorphic or continuously variable in appearance. I also compare three methods of assessing egg coloration: reduction of spectral data to orthogonal components, targeted spectral shape variables, and avian visual modeling. Then I report the results of egg replacement experiments that assess the relationship between egg rejection behavior and the difference in appearance between own and foreign eggs. Rüppell’s weaver (Ploceus galbula) eggs are variable in appearance between individuals and consistent within a clutch, but vary widely in the distinctiveness of particular traits. Most aspects of color and spotting are decoupled from each other, including coloration likely to derive from different pigments. Egg ground color is bimodal, with a broad continuous class of off-white/UV eggs and another broad class of blue-green eggs. Variation in all other traits is unimodal and usually normal in distribution. Females reject foreign eggs on the basis of the difference in brightness of the ground color and spotting of foreign eggs relative to their own, and the difference in degree to which spots are aggregated at the broad end of the egg. This aggregation is among the most distinctive features of their eggs, but the brightness of the ground color and spotting brightness are not; the birds’ use of brightness rather than the more distinctive chromatic variation to recognize eggs might reflect the salience of achromatic contrast in a dim enclosed nest.
Usefulness of Social Sensing Using Text Mining of Tweets for Detection of Autumn Phenology
Authors: Shin Nagai , Maruya Yasuyuki , Saitoh Taku M. , Tsutsumida Narumasa
Published: October 2021

Can social sensing detect the spatio-temporal variability of autumn phenology? We analyzed data published on the Twitter social media website through the text mining of non-geotagged tweets regarding a forested, mountainous region in Japan. We were able to map the spatial characteristic of tweets regarding peak leaf coloring along an altitudinal gradient and found that text mining of tweets is a useful approach to the in situ collection of autumn phenology information at multiple locations over a broad spatial scale. Potential uncertainties in this approach were examined and compared to other online research sources and methods, including Google Trends and information on widely available websites and live camera images. Finally, we suggest ways to reduce the uncertainties identified within our approach and to create better integration between text mining of tweets and other online research data sources and methods.
Comprehensive B-Cell Immune Repertoire Analysis of Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis and Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis
Authors: Feng Jingjing , Fan Siyuan , Sun Yinwei , Ren Haitao , Guan Hongzhi , Wang Jing
Published: October 2021

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (anti-NMDARE) and anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 encephalitis (anti-LGI1E) are the two most common types of antibody-mediated autoimmune encephalitis. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the B-cell immune repertoire in patients with anti-NMDARE (n = 7) and anti-LGI1E (n = 10) and healthy controls (n = 4). The results revealed the presence of many common clones between patients with these two types of autoimmune encephalitis, which were mostly class-switched. Additionally, many differences were found among the anti-NMDARE, anti-LGI1E, and healthy control groups, including the diversity of the B-cell immune repertoire and gene usage preference. These findings suggest that the same adaptive immune responses occur in patients with anti-NMDARE and anti-LGI1E, which deserves further exploration.
Enhanced Gut-Homing Dynamics and Pronounced Exhaustion of Mucosal and Blood CD4+ T Cells in HIV-Infected Immunological Non-Responders
Authors: Lorvik Kristina Berg , Meyer-Myklestad Malin Holm , Kushekar Kushi , Handeland Charlotte , Medhus Asle Wilhelm , Lund-Iversen Marius , Stiksrud Birgitte , Kvale Dag , Dyrhol-Riise Anne Margarita , Taskén Kjetil , Reikvam Dag Henrik
Published: October 2021

Immunological non-responders (INR), a subgroup of people living with HIV (PLHIV) who fail to restore CD4+ T cell numbers upon effective antiretroviral treatment, have impaired gut mucosal barrier function and an inferior clinical prognosis compared with immunological responders (IR). The contribution of gut-homing and exhaustion of mucosal T cells to the INR phenotype was previously unknown. Flow cytometry analysis of mononuclear cells from peripheral blood and ileal and colonic lamina propria showed that INR had higher fractions of gut-homing CD4+ T cells in blood compared with IR. In addition, gut-homing cells were more likely to display signs of exhaustion in INR. The increased CD4+ T cell exhaustion in INR was ubiquitous and not restricted to subpopulations defined by activation, differentiation or regulatory T cell markers. In INR, colon CD4+ T cell exhaustion correlated negatively with the fraction of CD4+ T cells in the same compartment, this was not apparent in the ileum. The fraction of exhausted mucosal CD4+ T cells correlated with I-FABP and REG3α, markers of enterocyte damage. We conclude that alterations of gut-homing and exhaustion of T cells may contribute to impaired gut immune and barrier functions associated with immunological non-response in PLHIV.
So Many Diagnostic Tests, So Little Time: Review and Preview of Candida auris Testing in Clinical and Public Health Laboratories
Authors: Dennis Emily K. , Chaturvedi Sudha , Chaturvedi Vishnu
Published: October 2021

The recognition of a new yeast, Candida auris, in 2009 in East Asia, and its rapid global spread, was a reminder of the threats posed by multidrug-resistant fungal pathogens. C. auris had likely remained unrecognized for a long time as accurate tests were not available. The laboratory community responded to the C. auris challenge by publishing 35 new or revised diagnostic methods between 2014 and early 2021. The commercial sector also modified existing diagnostic devices. These C. auris diagnostic tests run the gamut from traditional culture-based differential and selective media, biochemical assimilations, and rapid protein profiles, as well as culture-independent DNA-based diagnostics. We provide an overview of these developments, especially the tests with validation data that were subsequently adopted for common use. We share a workflow developed in our laboratory to process over 37,000 C. auris surveillance samples and 5,000 C. auris isolates from the outbreak in the New York metropolitan area. Our preview covers new devices and diagnostic approaches on the horizon based on microfluidics, optics, and nanotechnology. Frontline laboratories need rapid, cheap, stable, and easy-to-implement tests to improve C. auris diagnosis, surveillance, patient isolation, admission screening, and environmental control. Among the urgent needs is a lateral flow assay or similar device for presumptive C. auris identification. All laboratories will benefit from devices that allow rapid antifungal susceptibility testing, including detection of mutations conferring drug resistance. Hopefully, multiplex test panels are on the horizon for synergy of C. auris testing with ongoing surveillance of other healthcare-associated infections. C. auris genome analysis has a proven role for outbreak investigations, and diagnostic laboratories need quick access to regional and national genome analysis networks.
Effective Treatment of Postherpetic Neuralgia at the First Branch of the Trigeminal Nerve by High-Voltage Pulsed Radiofrequency
Authors: Li Hongxi , Ding Yuanyuan , Zhu Yongqiang , Han Zhenkai , Yao Peng
Published: October 2021

Background: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is one of the most common and serious complications of herpes zoster. PHN of the first branch of the trigeminal nerve is painful and difficult to treat, as no definitive effective treatment is available. The aim of this retrospective study was to observe the efficacy and safety of treatment of PHN of the first branch of the trigeminal nerve with high-voltage pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) of the supraorbital nerve.

Methods: Fifty-two patients diagnosed with the PHN of the first branch of the trigeminal nerve at the Department of Pain Management, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, between April 2017 and October 2020 were selected. The PRF treatment of the supraorbital nerve was used. The patients were divided into two groups according to the treatment received: group C, conventional PRF group; and group H, high-voltage PRF group. The basic conditions, pain scores, and SF-36 scores of patients before treatment were recorded. Also, intraoperative and postoperative adverse events, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) scores at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months of follow-up were recorded. Furthermore, treatment efficiency was followed up at 6 months after treatment.

Results: The VAS scores of patients in both groups were significantly lower at all time points after treatment compared with presurgery. VAS scores in group H were lower than those in group C 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. SF36 scores of patients in group H were better than those in group C 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. The treatment efficiency at 6 months after treatment was higher in group H than in group C. No serious adverse events occurred in both groups.

Conclusion: The efficacy of the high-voltage PRF of the supraorbital nerve in treating the PHN of the first branch of the trigeminal nerve was superior to that of conventional PRF. It was a safe and effective treatment method.