bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correspondence of functional connectivity gradients across human isocortex, cerebellum, and hippocampus
Authors: Katsumi Yuta , Zhang Jiahe , Chen Danlei , Kamona Nada , Bunce Jamie G. , Hutchinson J. Benjamin , Yarossi Mathew , Tunik Eugene , Dickerson Bradford C. , Quigley Karen S. , Barrett Lisa Feldman
Published: April 2023

Gradient mapping is an important technique to summarize high dimensional biological features as low dimensional manifold representations in exploring brain structure-function relationships at various levels of the cerebral cortex. While recent studies have characterized the major gradients of functional connectivity in several brain structures using this technique, very few have systematically examined the correspondence of such gradients across structures under a common systems-level framework. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, here we show that the organizing principles of the isocortex, and those of the cerebellum and hippocampus in relation to the isocortex, can be described using two common functional gradients. We suggest that the similarity in functional connectivity gradients across these structures can be meaningfully interpreted within a common computational framework based on the principles of predictive processing. The present results, and the specific hypotheses that they suggest, represent an important step toward an integrative account of brain function.
Ligand field tuning of d-orbital energies in metal-organic framework clusters
Authors: Diamond Brian G. , Payne Lillian I. , Hendon Christopher H.
Published: April 2023

Linker functionalization is a common route used to affect the electronic and catalytic properties of metal-organic frameworks. By either pre- or post-synthetically installing linkages with differing linker moieties the band gap, workfunction, and exciton lifetimes have been shown to be affected. One overlooked aspect of linker functionalization, however, has been the impact on the metal d-orbital energies to which they are bound. The ligand field differences should result in substantial changes in d-splitting. In this study we use density functional theory (DFT) to study the energetics of d-orbital energy tuning as a function of linker chemistry. We offer a general descriptor, linker pKa, as a tool to predict resultant band energies in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Our calculations reveal that simple functionalizations can affect the band energies, of primarily metal d lineage, by up to 2 eV and illustrate the significance of this band modularity using four archetypal MOFs: UiO-66, MIL-125, ZIF-8, and MOF-5. Together, we show that linker functionalization dramatically affects d-energies in MOF clusters and highlight that linker functionalization is a useful route for fine-tuning band edges centered on the metals, rather than linkers themselves.
Economic inequalities and discontent in European cities
Authors: Lenzi Camilla , Perucca Giovanni
Published: April 2023

This paper reconsiders a stylized fact of the literature on the relationship between urbanization and subjective well-being, the urban well-being paradox, i.e., the densest settings typically show the highest level of individual discontent. By drawing on an original sample based on more 50,000 individuals in 83 cities of the 27 member states of the European Union plus the UK, the paper highlights three main results. First, bigger cities are characterized by intrinsically higher inequalities than smaller ones, suggesting a scaling of disparities: interpersonal inequalities represent an often-overlooked cause of urbanization diseconomies. Second, compositional effects on discontent are particularly detrimental in cities, suggesting a scaling of discontent. Moreover, compositional and contextual characteristics mix in cities, amplifying the negative effect of inequalities especially for the most fragile social groups. Third, discontent with life and discontent with specific domains of city life do not always go in tandem. Nevertheless, the advantages of largest cities seem especially a benefit for élite individuals.
Hydrogen-induced degradation dynamics in silicon heterojunction solar cells via machine learning
Authors: Diggs Andrew , Zhao Zitong , Meidanshahi Reza Vatan , Unruh Davis , Manzoor Salman , Bertoni Mariana , Goodnick Stephen M. , Zimányi Gergely T.
Published: April 2023

Among silicon-based solar cells, heterojunction cells hold the world efficiency record. However, their market acceptance is hindered by an initial 0.5% per year degradation of their open circuit voltage which doubles the overall cell degradation rate. Here, we study the performance degradation of crystalline-Si/amorphous-Si:H heterojunction stacks. First, we experimentally measure the interface defect density over a year, the primary driver of the degradation. Second, we develop SolDeg, a multiscale, hierarchical simulator to analyze this degradation by combining Machine Learning, Molecular Dynamics, Density Functional Theory, and Nudged Elastic Band methods with analytical modeling. We discover that the chemical potential for mobile hydrogen develops a gradient, forcing the hydrogen to drift from the interface, leaving behind recombination-active defects. We find quantitative correspondence between the calculated and experimentally determined defect generation dynamics. Finally, we propose a reversed Si-density gradient architecture for the amorphous-Si:H layer that promises to reduce the initial open circuit voltage degradation from 0.5% per year to 0.1% per year.
Bedrock mediates responses of ecosystem productivity to climate variability
Authors: Dong Xiaoli , Martin Jonathan B. , Cohen Matthew J. , Tu Tongbi
Published: April 2023

Sensitivity of ecosystem productivity to climate variability is a critical component of ecosystem resilience to climate change. Variation in ecosystem sensitivity is influenced by many variables. Here we investigate the effect of bedrock lithology and weathering products on the sensitivity of ecosystem productivity to variation in climate water deficit using Bayesian statistical models. Two thirds of terrestrial ecosystems exhibit negative sensitivity, where productivity decreases with increased climate water deficit, while the other third exhibit positive sensitivity. Variation in ecosystem sensitivity is significantly affected by regolith porosity and permeability and regolith and soil thickness, indicating that lithology, through its control on water holding capacity, exerts important controls on ecosystem sensitivity. After accounting for effects of these four variables, significant differences in sensitivity remain among ecosystems on different rock types, indicating the complexity of bedrock effects. Our analysis suggests that regolith affects ecosystem sensitivity to climate change worldwide and thus their resilience.
Feedstock-agnostic reductive catalytic fractionation in alcohol and alcohol–water mixtures
Authors: Jang Jun Hee , Morais Ana Rita C. , Browning Megan , Brandner David G. , Kenny Jacob K. , Stanley Lisa M. , Happs Renee M. , Kovvali Anjaneya S. , Cutler Joshua I. , Román-Leshkov Yuriy , Bielenberg James R. , Beckham Gregg T.
Published: April 2023

This work demonstrates that reductive catalytic fractionation can be a feedstock-agnostic process on hardwoods, softwoods, agricultural residues, and grasses, especially with water-alcohol solvent mixtures.
Nanotechnology based therapeutic approaches: an advanced strategy to target the biofilm of ESKAPE pathogens
Authors: Mukherjee Arpita , Bose Somashree , Shaoo Anirban , Das Sujoy K.
Published: April 2023

Nanotechnology based therapeutic approaches are a promising strategy to target biofilm-related infections caused by ESKAPE pathogens.
Surface plasmon enhanced ultrathin Cu2ZnSnS4/crystalline-Si tandem solar cells
Authors: Jamil Shafayeth , Saha Uday , Alam Md. Kawsar
Published: April 2023

Integration of Ag nanoparticles significantly boosts the higher wavelength light absorption of CZTS/Si tandem solar cells. Computational analyses show that 28.28% power conversion efficiency is achievable by utilizing only 9 μm thin-film c-Si.
Fabrication and evaluation of a flexible antenna device composed of a compatible iron-oxide clay in a PDMS graphene matrix
Authors: Abdelrahman Ameen , Erchiqui Fouad , Nedil Mourad
Published: April 2023

We create a flexible and robust conductive polymer composite based on iron oxide and a thin film of clay doped with graphene nanoparticles, and test its application as a wearable device for underground workers.
Metal sulfide-based nanomaterials for electrochemical CO2 reduction
Authors: Mukherjee Anirban , Abdinejad Maryam , Mahapatra Susanta Sinha , Ruidas Bidhan Chandra
Published: April 2023

This review provides a comprehensive overview of various advanced modification strategies of metal-sulfide based nanomaterials for electrochemical CO2 reduction to valuable products.
Enhanced removal performance and evaluative interaction mechanism of europium from an aqueous medium by microbial yeast-decorated zeolitic imidazolate framework hybrids
Authors: Zong Pengfei , Xu Xuejuan , Shao Min , Xu Ming , Yan Ning , Wang Shoufang , Chen Jiahao , Yang Yixuan , Qiu Zhengrong
Published: April 2023

In this work, novel microbial yeast-decorated zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8/yeast) composites were successfully synthesized by an in situ growth method and applied in the efficient elimination of Eu(iii) from a water medium.
Multifunctionality of luminescent molecular nanomagnets based on lanthanide complexes
Authors: Jankowski Robert , Wyczesany Maciej , Chorazy Szymon
Published: April 2023

We discuss the advances in employing the magneto-luminescent lanthanide complexes as a source of multifunctionality that covers the sensitivity to external stimuli, as well as their electrical, non-linear, and chirality-related optical properties.
Multi-structural variational kinetics study on hydrogen abstraction reactions of cyclopentanol and cyclopentane by hydroperoxyl radical with anharmonicity, recrossing and tunneling effects
Authors: Yang Mo , Wang Juan
Published: April 2023

The reaction kinetics of H-atom abstraction in cyclopentanol and cyclopentane by the hydroperoxyl radical was thoroughly investigated, highlighting the effects of MS-T, recrossing and multi-dimensional tunneling on the rate constants.
Orthometallated Pd(ii) C^N^S pincer complex catalyzed sustainable synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanesviaacceptorless dehydrogenative coupling of alcohols
Authors: Clinton Savarimuthu Selvan , Ramesh Rengan , Malecki Jan Grzegorz
Published: April 2023

New orthometallated Pd(ii) C^N^S pincer catalyst-mediated sustainable and cost-effective synthesis of pharmacologically important bis(indolyl)methanes (23 examples up to 95% yield)viaADC is reported.
Recent advancements in 3D porous graphene-based electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage applications
Authors: Devendran Arthisree , Nagai Atsushi
Published: April 2023

Graphene, being a two-dimensional all-aromatic sheet bonded with sp2 carbon atoms, has attracted much attention due to its excellent physicochemical properties like a large surface area, good electrical conductivity, and high thermal and chemical stability.
Aldol condensation-polymerized semiconducting polymers based on a BDOPV unit with near infrared absorption and better n-doped ability
Authors: Tian Li , Wang Airong , Lin Haowei , Cheng Wenxi , Shang Mengya , Xu Shanhong , Zhou Xuefei
Published: April 2023

We report a series of narrow-bandgap semiconducting polymers based on a BDOPV unit with near Infrared absorption and a better n-doped ability.
Dynamic self-assembly of small molecules enables the spontaneous fabrication of hole conductors at perovskite/electrode interfaces for over 22% stable inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Wang Wanhai , Wei Kun , Yang Li , Deng Jidong , Zhang Jinbao , Tang Weihua
Published: April 2023

Facile spontaneous fabrication of HTL and perovskite surface passivation are strategically developedviabilateral movement of self-assembled molecules from perovskite solution. Perovskite solar cells achieve a record-high efficiency of 22.2% and long-term stability over 2750 h.
A two-dimensional luminescent HOF containing an interpenetrating network structure with dual function: highly sensitive detection of methotrexate and multi-level information encryption
Authors: Yang Chunyu , Xu Xin , Yan Bing
Published: April 2023

An unreported HOF containing imidazole groups was prepared, providing a dual-functional platform for the detection of the anticancer drug methotrexate in serum and for multi-level information encryption.
Strategy for oxygen vacancy enriched CoMn spinel oxide catalyst activated peroxodisulfate for tetracycline degradation: process, mechanism, and toxicity analysis
Authors: Gao Jingdan , Sun Yonggang , Xiong Ruijia , Ma Yulong , Wang Lei , Qiao Song , Zhang Juan , Ji Wenxin , Li Yuanyuan
Published: April 2023

Cobalt–manganese spinel with abundant oxygen vacancies was constructed using low-temperature reduction crystallization for tetracycline degradation.
Enhanced inhibition of protein disulfide isomerase and anti-thrombotic activity of a rutin derivative: rutin:Zn complex
Authors: Liao Xinyuan , Ji Panpan , Chi Kunxiang , Chen Xueying , Zhou Yang , Chen Shanli , Cheng Yuan , Flaumenhaft Robert , Yuan Cai , Huang Mingdong
Published: April 2023

The chelation of zinc to adjacent keto and phenoxy position was critical for enhancing rutin and flavonoids' inhibition to PDI, which provides a new strategy for the clinical translation of flavonoids.
Exploring structural, mechanical, and thermoelectric properties of half-Heusler compounds RhBiX (X = Ti, Zr, Hf): A first-principles investigation
Authors: Wei Junhong , Guo Yongliang , Wang Guangtao
Published: April 2023

Calculated phonon band diagram (a), Seebeck coefficient (b), power factor (c), electrical conductivity (d), lattice thermal conductivity and electronic thermal conductivity (e) and ratio ZTe (f) of RhBiX (X = Ti, Zr, Hf) at different temperatures.
Improving the thermal stability of poly[methyl(trifluoropropyl)siloxane] by introducing diphenylsiloxane units
Authors: You Yang , Zheng Anna , Wei Dafu , Xu Xiang , Guan Yong , Chen Jianding
Published: April 2023

The effect of diphenylsiloxane units on the thermal stability of poly[methyl(trifluoropropyl)siloxane] (PMTFPS) is investigated and the mechanism is also discussed. This study provides a new route to improve the thermal stability of PMTFPS.
Green synthesis of furfural from xylose and corn cob biomass
Authors: Castro Gabriel Abranches Dias , Batista Rodrigo Candido , de Sousa Rita de Cássia Superbi , Carneiro Angélica de Cássia Oliveira , Fernandes Sergio Antonio
Published: April 2023

Furfural is a versatile, high-value-added platform molecule that can be produced from five carbon atom (C5) carbohydrates present in lignocellulosic biomass.
High throughput discovery of ternary Cu–Fe–Ru alloy catalysts for photo-driven hydrogen production
Authors: Bhat Maya , Simon Zoe C. , Talledo Savannah , Sen Riti , Smith Jacob H. , Bernhard Stefan , Millstone Jill E. , Kitchin John R.
Published: April 2023

Light driven hydrogen production from the water splitting reaction has the ability to reduce dependence on fossil fuels in a green energy future.
Techno-economic-environmental assessment of the integration of power-to-X and biogas utilization towards the production of electricity, hydrogen, methane and methanol
Authors: Moioli Emanuele , Schildhauer Tilman
Published: April 2023

Various routes for the valorisation of biogas towards methane and methanol and for electricity or hydrogen storage is assessed.
Carbon-coating strengthens the solid electrolyte interphase to inhibit Si pulverization
Authors: Wang Xuyang , Li Yingzhi , Wang Xinyang , Gan Qingmeng , Wang Zhenyu , Liao Kemeng , Wu Sisi , Guo Hao , Li Jiangyu , Huang Boyuan , Lu Zhouguang
Published: April 2023

Carbon-coating strengthens the stability of the SEI on Si anodes through optimizing the chemical composition with more LiF to reach higher Young's modulus, which inhibits cracking in active materials and suppresses the decomposition of electrolyte.
Understanding and unlocking the role of V in boosting the reversible hydrogen storage performance of MgH2
Authors: Meng Yang , Zhang Jian , Ju Shunlong , Yang Yaxiong , Li Zhenglong , Fang Fang , Sun Dalin , Xia Guanglin , Pan Hongge , Yu Xuebin
Published: April 2023

The strong bonding interactions between V and H lead to the decrease of the energy required for H2 desorption from MgH2 to 49.5 kJ mol−1, 10.9 kJ mol−1 lower than that of pristine MgH2.
A multifunctional fluorescent platform based on polyoxometalate-functionalized HOFs for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, 2-furaldehyde and ascorbic acid sensing, logic computing and anti-counterfeiting
Authors: Zhang Zishuo , Xu Xin , Yan Bing
Published: April 2023

A multifunctional fluorescence responsive platform based on polyoxometalate-functionalized HOFs for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, 2-furaldehyde and ascorbic acid sensing, logic computing and anti-counterfeiting.
A high-performance UV photodetector with superior responsivity enabled by a synergistic photo/thermal enhancement of localized surface plasmon resonance
Authors: Zheng Luxia , Yang Yang , Bowen Chris R. , Jiang Lan , Shu Zhan , He Yun , Yang Hongli , Xie Zongzhuo , Lu Taixu , Hu Feng , Yang Weiyou
Published: April 2023

We report the development of a high-performance UV photodetector based on W18O49/TiO2 nanofibers enabled by plasmon-induced synergistic photo/thermal enhancement; the responsivity of this device significantly exceeds those of TiO2-based photodetectors reported to date.
Tunable defect-engineered nanohybrid heterostructures: exfoliated 2D WSe2–MoS2 nanohybrid sheet covered on 1D ZnO nanostructures for self-powered UV photodetectors
Authors: Saravanan Adhimoorthy , Huang Bohr-Ran , Kathiravan Deepa , Sakalley Shikha , Chen Sheng-Chi
Published: April 2023

Future innovation of optoelectronic industrial applications for energy saving devices such as self-powered sensors and photodetectors have gained much research attention.
Stimulus‐responsive nano lipidosome for enhancing the anti‐tumour effect of a novel peptide Dermaseptin‐PP
Authors: Wang Changhai , Dong Ziyi , Zhang Qing , Guo Mingxue , Hu Wenjun , Dong Shuang , Jakkree Tangthianchaichana , Lu Yang , Du Shouying
Published: April 2023

Objective

Dermaseptin‐PP is a newly discovered anticancer peptide with a unique antitumour mechanism and remarkable effect. However, this α‐helix anticancer peptide risks haemolysis when used at high doses, which limits its further application. This study aims to prepare a pH‐responsive liposome, Der‐loaded‐pHSL, using nanotechnology to avoid the haemolysis risk of Dermaseptin‐PP and increase its accumulation in tumour sites to enhance efficacy and reduce toxicity.

Methods

The characterisation of Der‐loaded‐pHSL was carried out employing preparation. The effect of haemolysis and tumour inhibition were investigated by in vitro haemolysis assay and cytotoxicity assay. The cell uptake under different pH conditions was investigated by flow cytometry, and the effect of pH on tumour cell selectivity was evaluated. In order to evaluate the in vivo targeting and antitumour effect of Der‐loaded‐pHSL, the in vivo distribution experiment and the pharmacodynamic experiment were performed using the nude mouse tumour model.

Results

The preparation method of the Der‐loaded‐pHSL is simple, and the liposome has good nanoparticle characteristics. When Dermaseptin‐PP was prepared as liposome, haemolysis was significantly decreased, and tumour cell inhibition was significantly enhanced. Compared with ordinary liposomes, this change was more significant in Der‐loaded‐pHSL. The uptake of pH‐sensitive liposomes was higher in the simulated acidic tumour microenvironment, and the uptake showed a specific acid dependence. In vivo experiments showed that Der‐loaded‐pHSL had a significant tumour‐targeting effect and could significantly enhance the antitumour effect of Dermaseptin‐PP.

Conclusion

Der‐loaded‐pHSL designed in this study is a liposome with a quick, simple, effective preparation method, which can significantly reduce the haemolytic toxicity of Dermaseptin‐PP and enhance its antitumour effect by increasing the tumour accumulation and cell intake. It provides a new idea for applying Dermaseptin‐PP and other anticancer peptides with α‐helical structure.
Bridge enhanced ACL repair vs. ACL reconstruction for ACL tears: A systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies
Authors: Mansour Jad , Ghanimeh Joe , Ghoul Ali , Estephan Michel , Khoury Alfred , Daher Mohammad
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear is one of the most frequent ligamentous injuries. The gold standard for ACL tears is autograft reconstruction. However, ACL repair has regained enthusiasm with more recent results showing comparable outcomes to its reconstructive counterpart. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar (pp. 1–20) were searched until November 2022. The clinical outcomes consisted of the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), the side-to-side difference in Anteroposterior (AP) knee laxity, the forces of the hamstring, quadriceps, and hip abduction as well as hopping tests. Results: Only two studies were included in this meta-analysis. ACL repair was shown to have better Hamstrings strength. The rest of the analyzed outcomes were comparable. Discussion: This is the first meta-analysis comparing these two treatments. The ACL repair showed no differences in muscle strength (quadriceps and hip abductors), postoperative knee scores, and knee joint laxity when compared to ACL reconstruction. However, it showed better hamstring strength. Further randomized clinical studies will be needed to compare both of these techniques.
Co-construction et « perspective patient » : la démarche d’intervention du Pôle de ressources en éducation thérapeutique du patient d’Île-de-France
Authors: Dorsa Mariana , Lacamoire Tiffany , Duvivier Marie , Zucchello Alexia , Naiditch Michel , Sannié Thomas , Limbourg Andréa , Traynard Pierre Yves
Published: April 2023

Introduction/Objectifs : Si la prise en compte des savoirs expérientiels des personnes malades chroniques est un des fondements de l’éducation thérapeutique, la concrétisation de relations de partenariat nécessite des apprentissages et de la transformation des pratiques des acteurs. Cet article présente la démarche d’intervention du Pôle de ressources en ETP – IdF pour soutenir le développement de pratiques coopératives entre professionnels et patients. Contributions/Description : À partir d’une description de la co-construction de deux projets pluri-partenariaux, nous expliciterons les éléments facilitant l’engagement des acteurs et la réalisation de solutions correspondant aux besoins des patients. Nous soulignons l’importance de la co-conception des projets ; des valeurs et principes communs ; de la gouvernance collective ; de l’animation d’espaces dialogiques d’analyse de pratiques ; des outils facilitant la coopération ; et d’une évaluation participative et formative. Discussion/Conclusion : La fonction de tiers « tercéisateur » exercée par le Pôle ETP et le rôle central de la « perspective patient » sont deux leviers du processus de co-construction. Au-delà des solutions matérielles en résultant, les effets immatériels sont le développement de l’empowerment des participants, dans une perspective individuelle, mais aussi potentiellement collective et organisationnelle.
Auf Betalaktamantibiotika bei anamnestischer „Penicillinallergie“ verzichten?
Authors: Massoth Christina , Saadat-Gilani Khaschayar , Wenk Manuel
Published: April 2023

Drug allergies are frequently reported by patients undergoing pre-anesthesia evaluation, potentially resulting in a suboptimal treatment with alternative substances. While about 10% of
patients report to be allergic to penicillin, less than 1% have a true IgE-mediated allergy. Multiple factors contribute to this large prevalence, such as misinterpretations of common
gastrointestinal side effects as “allergic”, a history of penicillin treatment for infectious mononucleosis resulting in skin rashes, uncritical acceptance of the diagnosis by medical staff
or neglect to the fact that most patients will lose their sensitivity after 10 years. In addition to this, cephalosporins are regularly withheld from patients with penicillin allergy due to
an unwarranted fear of cross-reactivity. Therefore, a correct identification of those in which penicillins or cephalosporins are truly contraindicated is paramount to avoid an unnecessary
use of antibiotics with a less favorable spectrum.
Umsetzung der Reform der Psychotherapie-Richtlinie 2017: Ergebnisse
aus Fokusgruppen im Rahmen des Innovationsfonds-Projekts EVA
PT-RL
Authors: Abels Carina , Diekmann Sandra , Neusser Silke , Schlierenkamp Sarah , Wasem Jürgen , Walendzik Anke
Published: April 2023

Hintergrund Psychische Erkrankungen verursachen sowohl individuelle als
auch gesellschaftliche Belastungen. Zentrales Ziel der Strukturreform der
Psychotherapie-Richtlinie (Inkrafttreten 2017) war die verbesserte Steuerung des
Zugangs zur psychotherapeutischen Versorgung. Die hier vorgestellten
Fokusgruppen, die im Rahmen des durch den Innovationsfonds geförderten
Forschungsprojekts „Evaluation der Psychotherapie-Richtlinie (Eva
PT-RL)“ durchgeführt wurden, adressieren die Umsetzung der Ziele
der Reform und der einzelnen neu eingeführten Versorgungselemente sowie
Hürden bei der Implementierung aus der Perspektive von
Leistungserbringer*innen, Patient*innen und
Kostenträgern.

Methoden Es wurden sechs Fokusgruppen und fünf Einzelinterviews
mit Personen der drei genannten Stakeholder-Gruppen durchgeführt.
Grundlage war ein an die jeweilige Personengruppe angepasster auf Basis einer
strukturierten Literaturrecherche erstellter halbstrukturierter
Gesprächsleitfaden. Die Gespräche wurden von einem
Moderatorinnenteam per Videokonferenz durchgeführt, aufgezeichnet und
transkribiert. Die Auswertung erfolgte über eine qualitative
Inhaltsanalyse in Anlehnung an Mayring.

Ergebnisse Eine allgemein positive Beurteilung insbesondere hinsichtlich
des Erstzugangs zur psychotherapeutischen Versorgung erfuhr die
psychotherapeutische Sprechstunde, wobei gleichzeitig ein verzögerter
Übergang zur gegebenenfalls folgenden Richtlinien-Psychotherapie
insbesondere aufgrund Kapazitätenmangels kritisch diskutiert wurde. Es
wurden günstige Effekte der telefonischen Erreichbarkeitszeiten sowie
einer verstärkten Vernetzung der psychotherapeutischen Versorgung auch
mit anderen psychosozialen Angeboten angesprochen. Die Umsetzung der
Akutbehandlung und der Rezidivprophylaxe wurde jedoch eher kritisch diskutiert.
Als zentrales Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass der durch die Reform angestrebte
Anstoß zum Paradigmenwechsel von Psychotherapeut*innen
unterschiedlich wahrgenommen und umgesetzt wird – von einem Fokus auf
individuelle Therapieprozesse hin zur Public Mental Health-Perspektive mit einer
Verpflichtung zur Versorgungssteuerung.

Schlussfolgerung Angesichts der variablen Strategien zur Umsetzung der
Strukturreform durch die Psychotherapeut*innen, der Kritik an der
Ausgestaltung einzelner Reformelemente und der Diskussion um
Verzögerungen beim Zugang zur Richtlinientherapie aus der
psychotherapeutischen Sprechstunde besteht weiterer Forschungsbedarf. Die
Ergebnisse der Fokusgruppen dienen als Grundlage für die folgenden
Projektschritte, u. a. eine Befragung von Psychotherapeut*innen,
Patient*innen und hausärztlich tätigen
Ärzt*innen.
Zukunft im Ehrenamt gestalten – Berufspolitik und die Krise des Ehrenamts
Authors: Kemper Claudia
Published: April 2023

In Deutschland engagieren sich rund 30 Millionen Freiwillige in Vereinen, Initiativen oder der Berufspolitik. Doch die Zahlen sind rückläufig. Rund 60 Prozent derer, die ein Ehrenamt innehaben, üben dieses noch maximal zwei Stunden pro Woche aus. Dabei trägt ehrenamtliches Engagement zu einer positiven Persönlichkeitsentwicklung bei und wird auch in Zukunft ein wichtiger Indikator für die Gesundheit einer Gesellschaft sein.
Hab Geduld und Mut! – Präoperative Edukation bei Knorpeltransplantation
Authors: Benitz Julia
Published: April 2023

Die Rehabilitation nach einer Knorpeltransplantation dauert mehr als ein Jahr und erfordert viel Geduld. Um die Patient*innen mental und physisch auf die OP und Nachbehandlung vorzubereiten, helfen eine präoperative Edukation und eine prähabiltative Trainingstherapie. Ein Fallbeispiel zeigt, wie der edukative Mix aus Theorie und Praxis Ängste mindert, motiviert und die Selbstwirksamkeit steigert.
„Die Vorhand ist mein Killer“ – PingPongParkinson
Authors: Schwencke Silja
Published: April 2023

Tischtennis als therapeutisches Mittel gegen Parkinson zu fördern, ist das Ziel des Vereins PingPongParkinson Deutschland e. V. Der an Parkinson erkrankte Maik Gühmann empfiehlt allen Patientinnen und Patienten, PingPongParkinson zumindest einmal auszuprobieren und die Tischtennisfamilie kennenzulernen.
Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura Presenting with Pituitary Apoplexy: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Nabulsi Omar , Abouelleil Mohamed , Lyons Leah , Walsh Meggen , Singer Justin
Published: April 2023

Background Pituitary apoplexy is a rare condition that usually occurs in the setting of a pituitary adenoma. It can present with symptoms of visual disturbances, vertigo, headache, and neurological impairments. Computed tomography (CT) scans can aid in identifying pituitary apoplexy and ruling out other diseases. We present a unique case of pituitary apoplexy in the setting of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).

Case Description A 61-year-old man with a past medical history significant for myocardial infarction presented to the emergency department with symptoms of diplopia and headache 36 hours after onset. The patient was found to have severe thrombocytopenia with a platelet count below 20,000. A CT of the head revealed a possible pituitary adenoma with compression of the optic chiasm. The patient's platelet count continued to decrease throughout his admission and dropped below 7,000 on day 2 of admission. The patient was given platelet transfusion along with intravenous immunoglobulins. The patient underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal resection of the pituitary mass. Pathology of the mass revealed immature platelets characteristic of immune ITP in the setting of pituitary apoplexy.

Conclusion While ITP in the setting of pituitary apoplexy is a rare entity, we believe that clinicians should have pituitary apoplexy on their differential diagnosis in patients with ITP.
Regiodivergent Synthesis of Oxadiazocines via Dirhodium-Catalyzed Reactivity of Oxazolidines and α-Imino Carbenes
Authors: Lacour Jérôme , Viudes Olivier , Guarnieri-Ibáñez Alejandro , Besnard Céline
Published: April 2023

Using electron-rich or electron-poor N-substituted oxazolidines as substrates, selective formation of either ammonium or oxonium ylides is possible in the presence of α-imino carbenes. As such, treatment of 5-membered oxazolidine precursors with N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles under dirhodium catalysis (2 mol%) affords the regiodivergent synthesis of either 8-membered 1,3,6- or 1,4,6-oxadiazocines upon the initial N or O reactivity with the carbene.
Antibiotic Protocols for Endophthalmitis Prophylaxis Following Open-Globe Repair: A Survey of U.S. Residency Programs
Authors: Fell David , Blomquist Preston H.
Published: April 2023

Purpose To assess the various approaches to endophthalmitis prevention following traumatic open-globe injury (OGI) repair.

Methods A research electronic data capture (REDCap) questionnaire evaluating the usage of antibiotics and steroids in patients with OGI was distributed to program directors of all U.S. ophthalmology residency programs using the Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology program directors' listserv. Completed questionnaires were analyzed for treatment patterns.

Results The REDCap questionnaire was distributed to 111 programs, with 32 residency programs responding. Two responses were excluded. Ninety percent (27/30) of included programs used perioperative intravenous (IV) antibiotics, with 78% (21/27) of those giving one dose only. At the time of surgery, 27% (8/30) of programs gave intravitreal antibiotics and 60% (18/30) gave subconjunctival antibiotics. Postoperatively, 100% (30/30) gave topical antibiotics and 97% (29/30) gave topical steroids. Only 53% of responders discharged patients on oral antibiotics. Of the three programs who did not use IV antibiotics, all three gave intravitreal therapy and one also discharged patients on oral antibiotics.

Conclusion There is a large variation in practice patterns for endophthalmitis prophylaxis among residency programs. Further investigation is needed to compare rates of endophthalmitis between these protocols and establish a safe and minimally burdensome standard of care.
Accuracy and Utility of Internet Image Search as a Learning Tool for Retinal Pathology
Authors: Cobbs Lucy V. , Al-Hindi Hytham , Fathy Cherie , Mahmoudzadeh Raziyeh , Uhler Tara , Xu David
Published: April 2023

Purpose Ophthalmology residency training heavily relies on visual and pattern recognition-based learning. In parallel with traditional reference texts, online internet search via Google Image Search (GIS) is commonly used and offers an accessible fund of reference images for ophthalmology trainees seeking rapid exposure to images of retinal pathology. However, the accuracy and quality of this tool within this context is unknown. We aim to evaluate the accuracy and quality of GIS images of selected retinal pathologies.

Methods A cross-sectional study was performed of GIS of 15 common and 15 rare retinal diseases drawn from the American Academy of Ophthalmology residency textbook series. A total of 300 evaluable image results were assessed for accuracy of images and image source accountability in consultation with a vitreoretinal surgeon.

Results A total of 377 images were reviewed with 77 excluded prior to final analysis. A total of 288 (96%) search results accurately portrayed the retinal disease being searched, whereas 12 (4%) were of an erroneous diagnosis. More images of common retinal diseases were from patient education Web sites than were images of rare diseases (p < 0.01). Significantly more images of rare retinal diseases were found in peer-reviewed sources (p = 0.01).

Conclusions GIS search results yielded a modest level of accuracy for the purposes of ophthalmic education. Despite the ease and rapidity of accessing multimodal retinal imaging examples, this tool may best be suited as a supplementary resource for learning among residents due to limited accuracy, lack of sufficient supporting information, and the source Web site's focus on patient education.
Integrating socio-cultural value system into health services in response to Covid-19 patients’ self-isolation in Indonesia
Authors: Rochwulaningsih Yety , Sulistiyono Singgih Tri , Utama Mahendra Puji , Masruroh Noor Naelil , Sholihah Fanada , Yudha Fajar Gemilang Purna
Published: April 2023

This article studies the synergistic sociocultural value system to handle COVID-19 patients in self-isolation in Indonesia, to find an effective formula in COVID-19 spread control. The problems studied here is the response carried out and the constraints faced by the Indonesian government related to the self-isolation policy. Why and how does the Indonesians’ sociocultural value system contribute to COVID-19 patient response? Through the survey conducted via Google Forms, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and literature study, it is found that the Indonesian government issued the self-isolation regulation for COVID-19 patients to mitigate the rapid and massive COVID-19 transmission. However, many constraints are found in the policy implementation, including; people’s insufficient knowledge and understanding of COVID-19, leading to negative implications for the COVID-19 survivors or patients’ perception, causing social stigmatisation for COVID-19 survivors or patients; COVID-19 task force’s limited access to medicine, medical instrument and hospital facilities. Meanwhile, the Indonesians’ strong socio-cultural values like tolerance, mutual aid, and communal work, including among the educated people in urban society, may be potentially integrated into the health service to respond to COVID-19 patients with their self-isolation. Therefore, their integration and empowerment can be a solution to mitigating COVID-19 transmission in Indonesia.
Earnings management and financial distress or soundness determining CEOs’ future over- and under-investment decisions
Authors: Sumiyana Sumiyana , Na’im Ainun , Kurniawan Firdaus , Nugroho Albertus H. L.
Published: April 2023

This study investigates the association between CEOs’ over-confidence in experiencing financial distress or soundness, future earnings management, and over and under-investment decisions. Specifically, it makes deeper the association between financial distress (soundness), requiring to increase (decrease) earnings management and over (under)-investment decisions. Methodologically, the authors demonstrate the CEOs’ aggressive behaviour in managing their firms’ earnings in developing countries. In other words, it shows a literature gap in some extant research that most CEOs in developing countries would intentionally manage future earnings for constructing future investment decisions. Then, it highlights that CEOs in developing countries tend to be over-confident because of cognitive distortion, assembling the earnings management to improve future performance. Finally, this study presents a newness with three critical reasoning arguments. First, this study uses the prospect theory, framing, conservatism and psychological projection to explain the CEOs’ future investment decisions due to past earnings information, which causes their behaviour to be more optimistic. Second, this research considers that financial distress or soundness influences the association between earnings management and future over(under) investment decisions. Third, this study investigates CEOs’ over-confidence using an international setting due to characteristic differentiation between advanced and developing countries, influencing this association.
The existence of dyon solutions for generalized Weinberg–Salam model
Authors: Chen Shouxin , Xu Yilu
Published: April 2023

The generalized Weinberg–Salam model, which is presented in a recent study of Kimm, Yoon, and Cho [Eur. Phys. J. C 75, 67 (2015)], is arising in electroweak theory. In this paper, we prove the existence and asymptotic behaviors at infinity of static and radially symmetric dyon solutions to the boundary-value problem of this model. Moreover, as a by-product, the qualitative properties of dyon solutions are also obtained. The methods used here are the extremum principle, the Schauder fixed point theory, and the shooting approach depending on one shooting parameter. We provide an effective framework for constructing the dyon solutions in general dimensions and develop the existing results.
Rotationally equivariant super-resolution of velocity fields in two-dimensional flows using convolutional neural networks
Authors: Yasuda Yuki , Onishi Ryo
Published: April 2023

This paper investigates the super-resolution of velocity fields in two-dimensional flows from the viewpoint of rotational equivariance. Super-resolution refers to techniques that enhance the resolution of an image from low to high resolution, and it has recently been applied in fluid mechanics. Rotational equivariance of super-resolution models is defined as the property by which the super-resolved velocity field is rotated according to a rotation of the input, leading to inferences that are covariant with the orientation of fluid systems. In physics, covariance is often related to symmetries. To better understand the connection with symmetries, the notion of rotational consistency of datasets is introduced within the framework of supervised learning, which is defined as the invariance of pairs of low- and high-resolution velocity fields with respect to rotation. This consistency is sufficient and necessary for super-resolution models to learn rotational equivariance from large datasets. Such a large dataset is not required when rotational equivariance is imposed on super-resolution models through the use of prior knowledge in the form of equivariant kernel patterns. Nonetheless, even if a fluid system has rotational symmetry, this symmetry may not carry over to a velocity dataset, which is not rotationally consistent. This inconsistency can arise when the rotation does not commute with the generation of low-resolution velocity fields. These theoretical assertions are supported by the results of numerical experiments, where two existing convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are converted into rotationally equivariant CNNs and the inferences of these CNNs are compared after the supervised training.
Multimodal distribution of transient time of predator extinction in a three-species food chain
Authors: Pattanayak Debarghya , Mishra Arindam , Bairagi Nandadulal , Dana Syamal K.
Published: April 2023

The transient dynamics capture the time history in the behavior of a system before reaching an attractor. This paper deals with the statistics of transient dynamics in a classic tri-trophic food chain with bistability. The species of the food chain model either coexist or undergo a partial extinction with predator death after a transient time depending upon the initial population density. The distribution of transient time to predator extinction shows interesting patterns of inhomogeneity and anisotropy in the basin of the predator-free state. More precisely, the distribution shows a multimodal character when the initial points are located near a basin boundary and a unimodal character when chosen from a location far away from the boundary. The distribution is also anisotropic because the number of modes depends on the direction of the local of initial points. We define two new metrics, viz., homogeneity index and local isotropic index, to characterize the distinctive features of the distribution. We explain the origin of such multimodal distributions and try to present their ecological implications.
Great multiferroic properties in BiFeO3/BaTiO3 system with composite-like structure
Authors: Yao Minghai , Cheng Long , Hao Shenglan , Salmanov Samir , Otonicar Mojca , Mazaleyrat Frédéric , Dkhil Brahim
Published: April 2023

Multiferroic materials have attracted significant research attention due to their technological potential for applications as multifunctional devices. The scarcity of single-phase multiferroics and their low inherent coupling between multiferroic order parameters above room temperature pose a challenge to their further applications. We propose a 3BiFeO3/7BaTiO3 perovskite–perovskite composite that combines ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism. We demonstrate that the sintering temperature can tailor the ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism of the composites. The multiferroicity can be achieved at a low sintering temperature in the composite-like structure ceramics, and its multiferroic properties, especially the ferromagnetism, are superior to those of solid solutions. We also investigate the dynamic evolution of multiferroicity with sintering temperature. We adopt a nano–micro strategy to construct a composite-like microstructure, which results in optimized ferroelectric (1.62 μC cm−2) and ferromagnetic (0.16 emu/g) characteristics at a sintering temperature of 750 °C. We also found experimental evidence of the competition between antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic interactions in the transition metal cation sublattice. Multiferroic BiFeO3/BaTiO3 composites with combined ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties have significant potential for various applications.
Weak-localization effect in Fano asymmetry of C implanted rutile TiO2 nanostructure
Authors: Sahoo Subhashree , Sahoo Pratap K.
Published: April 2023

Fano resonance is the degree of asymmetry that describes the interference of continuum states with discrete states and causes asymmetric line shape in the optical response. The hydrothermally synthesized TiO 2 nanostructures in this work are doped with 1.5 MeV carbon (C) ion beams to explore the Fano effect via the asymmetry in the Raman spectra. It is observed that the E g and A 1 g modes are asymmetric toward the lower wavenumber. The Fano effect is responsible for the peak asymmetry, which rises with C ion fluence. The Breit–Wigner–Fano line shape fits well the E g and A 1 g modes. The calculated asymmetry parameter (1/q) for implanted TiO 2 nanostructures represents weakly localized asymmetry with temperature. The electron–phonon coupling strength grows with the C ion fluence. The effects of temperature and defect level on the asymmetry parameter are also discussed.
Experimental study of a dental airotor cooling spray system
Authors: Pathak Binita , Yadav Saurabh
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we have characterized a spray system used in dental airotors. Experimental data with respect to droplet size and velocity are generated at different locations in the spray. The impact dynamics of the spray upon substrates are also analyzed. The breakup modes have been identified in the system, and appropriate physical insights into the dynamics are provided. The impact of the spray upon both the hard substrates results in highly rebounding daughter droplets, which can contribute to bio-aerosols. The risks of cross-contamination due to aerosol can thus be prevented with appropriate modifications of the spray nozzles.
Mode-locking in anti-PT symmetric frequency lattices
Authors: Song Yiling , Ke Shaolin , Chen Yuelan , Wang Mingfeng
Published: April 2023

Active mode-locking (ML) is an important technique in laser science, which greatly shortens the laser pulse. Here, we construct an anti-parity-time (anti-PT) symmetric Su–Schrieffer–Heeger frequency lattice by two ring resonators with antisymmetric amplitude (AM) modulations. We find that the temporal width of the generated pulse can be greatly shortened by the phase-mismatching of the AM modulations. In addition, the pulse shortening shows extremely high sensitivity to the phase transition point, at which the anti-PT symmetry of the system is completely broken. This work exploits the concept of anti-PT symmetry in a laser field to realize ML, and will have broad application prospects in ultrafast spectroscopy and ultra-high sensitive sensors.
Virus update for the M2 “mac-in-touch”
Authors: Naghavi Mojgan H.
Published: April 2023

While HIV-1 infection of macrophages plays a major role in viral persistence and pathogenesis, how HIV-1 transfers from infected T cells to macrophages remains elusive. In this issue, Mascarau et al. (2023. J. Cell Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202205103) demonstrate how macrophage polarization drives their ability to fuse with HIV-1 infected T cells via the CD81/RhoA-ROCK/Myosin axis.
CTLA4 depletes T cell endogenous and trogocytosed B7 ligands via cis-endocytosis
Authors: Xu Xiaozheng , Dennett Preston , Zhang Jibin , Sherrard Alice , Zhao Yunlong , Masubuchi Takeya , Bui Jack D. , Chen Xu , Hui Enfu
Published: April 2023

CD28 and CTLA4 are T cell coreceptors that competitively engage B7 ligands CD80 and CD86 to control adaptive immune responses. While the role of CTLA4 in restraining CD28 costimulatory signaling is well-established, the mechanism has remained unclear. Here, we report that human T cells acquire antigen-presenting-cell (APC)–derived B7 ligands and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) via trogocytosis through CD28:B7 binding. Acquired MHC and B7 enabled T cells to autostimulate, and this process was limited cell-intrinsically by CTLA4, which depletes B7 ligands trogocytosed or endogenously expressed by T cells through cis-endocytosis. Extending this model to the previously proposed extrinsic function of CTLA4 in human regulatory T cells (Treg), we show that blockade of either CD28 or CTLA4 attenuates Treg-mediated depletion of APC B7, indicating that trogocytosis and CTLA4-mediated cis-endocytosis work together to deplete B7 from APCs. Our study establishes CTLA4 as a cell-intrinsic molecular sink that limits B7 availability on the surface of T cells, with implications for CTLA4-targeted therapy.