bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TWO NEW SPECIES OF OPIUS WESMAEL (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) PARASITIC ON DROSOPHILIDAE (DIPTERA) IN AUSTRALIA
Authors: Wharton R. A. , Austin A. D. , Thomson J. A.
Published: April 2007

Opius pteridiophilus Wharton and Austin sp.n. and Opius pterus Wharton and Austin sp.n. are described from New South Wales and are parasitoids of Drosophila spp. which feed on bracken fern, Pteridium esculentum. Information is provided on the taxonomic relationships and biology of both species and a key to separate them is presented.
APHIDS OF THE GENUS SITOBION OCCURRING ON GRASSES IN SOUTHERN AUSTRALIA
Authors: Hales D. F. , Chapman R. L. , Lardner R. M. , Cowen R. , Turak E.
Published: April 2007

Three forms of Sitobion Mordvilko occur commonly on grasses in southern Australia. S. nr fragariae (Walker), collected in Tasmania, Victoria, New South Wales, South Australia and Western Australia, has a diploid chromosome number of 18, and differs in electrophoretic mobility of enzymes at several loci from S. miscanthi (Takahashi), also with 2n = 18. A third form is here regarded as being derived from S. miscanthi, but differs from it in enzyme mobility at 2 loci and has 2n = 17, apparently resulting from an autosomal fusion. A fourth form, with 2n = 20, has been collected in the Sydney region on 2 occasions. It is electrophoretically identical to the 2n = 17 form. The 2n = 17 and 2n = 20 forms are concluded to be chromosomal races of S. miscanthi. The seasonal distribution of all forms is recorded; S. nr fragariae is common in spring, S. miscanthi (2n = 18) has been collected only in November‐December, and S. miscanthi (2n = 17,20) in November‐December and March‐July. This suggests different environmental tolerances for the 3 major forms.
TWO NEW SPECIES OF MICROPOLYTOXUS ELKINS FROM NORTHERN AUSTRALIA (HEMIPTERA: REDUVIIDAE: SAICINAE)
Authors: Malipatil M. B. , Howarth F. G.
Published: April 2007

Micropolytoxus cavicolus sp.n. and M. australis sp.n. are described from northern Australia. The diagnosis of Micropolytoxus Elkins is modified to accommodate the new species, and notes on its relationship with the related saicine genus Polytoxus Costa are given. A key to species of Micropolytoxus is provided. M. cavicolus is known only from lava tube caves near Mt Surprise, north Queensland. It displays a number of adaptations to cave life, including reduced eyes, wings and body pigmentation, and is considered to be an obligate cave species.
THE LIFE HISTORY AND BIOLOGY OF PARALUCIA PYRODISCUS LUCIDA CROSBY (LEPIDOPTERA: LYCAENIDAE)
Authors: Braby M. F.
Published: April 2007

Observations on the life history and biology of Paralucia pyrodiscus lucida Crosby were made in Victoria at Eltham‐Greensborough, Castlemaine and Kiata during 1987 and 1988. Details of the life cycle of P. p. lucida are presented and the early stages are described and compared with those of other species of Paralucia Waterhouse and Turner. P. p. lucida is uni‐ or bivoltine, overwinters as larvae and adults fly from late October to mid April, although the number of generations and flight period varies markedly with geographic location and prevailing climate. Larvae associate with Notoncus spp. ants and feed at night on a particular size or form of the host plant Bursaria spinosa var. spinosa. Larvae do not appear to diapause during winter but remain quiescent within the attendant ants’ nest at the base of the host plant. The effect of climatic constraints on larval activity, flight period and the life cycle of P. p. lucida are briefly discussed.
MORPHOLOGY OF ANTENNA AND MOUTHPARTS OF ADULT ADORYPHORUS COULONI (BURMEISTER) (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE: DYNASTINAE)
Authors: McQuillan P.B. , Semmens T.D.
Published: April 2007

The head appendages of Adoryphorus couloni, a pasture pest in southeast Australia, are described and inferences are drawn about the beetle's biology. There is a lack of sexual dimorphism in the antennae. The long‐lived adults possess a full range of labial sensilla but the mandibles appear incapable of chewing. Hence trapping based on pheromones or feeding attractants is unlikely.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: Common I. F. B.
Published: April 2007

Lepidoptera–annotated catalogue, and keys to family‐group taxa. J. S. Dugdale, Fauna of New Zealand, Number 14, 1988. Pp 262, 181 figures. NZ$49.95. Nepticulidae (Insecta: Lepidoptera). Hans Donner and Christopher Wilkinson, Fauna of New Zealand, Number 16, 1989. Pp 88, 102 figures, 27 maps.
NATURAL ENEMIES AND OTHER SPECIES ASSOCIATED WITH SACCHARICOCCUS SACCHARI (COCKERELL) (HEMIPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) IN THE BUNDABERG AREA, SOUTHEAST QUEENSLAND
Authors: De Barro P. J.
Published: April 2007

The pathogenic fungus Aspergillus parasiticus Speare, a “habitat destroyer”Cacoxenus perspicax (Knab), and a parasitoid Anagyrus saccharicola Timberlake are the major natural enemies of the sugarcane mealybug Saccharicoccus sacchari (Cockerell) in the Bundaberg area. Their abundance varied over a 17‐month period and may have been linked to January‐March rainfall. The number of An. saccharicola emerging from a mummy depended on the host size. Five insect predators, Chrysopa innota Walker, Elaunon bipartitus (Kirby), Nala lividipes (Dufour), Halmus ovalis (Blackburn) and Isauria aphidovora (Meyrick) and 3 additional fungal pathogens, Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff), Penicillium sp. and Cordyceps sp. are recorded. A parasitoid of C. perspicax, Chartocerus (Xana) sp. is also recorded. The ants, Pheidole megacephala (F.), Paratrechina obscura Mayr and Iridomyrmex sp. are involved in mutualistic behaviour with S. sacchari.
TOXICITY OF RH‐7988 TO MULTI‐RESISTANT MYZUS PERSICAE (SULZER) (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE)
Authors: Herron G. A. , Hamilton J. T. , Macdonald J. A.
Published: April 2007

A multi‐resistant strain of M. persicae was 7.0‐fold resistant to the experimental compound RH‐7988 which is being considered as a potential aphicide to control resistant M. persicae.
POPULATION GROWTH POTENTIAL OF DACTYLOPIUS CEYLONICUS GREEN (HEMIPTERA: DACTYLOPIIDAE) ON OPUNTIA VULGARIS MILLER
Authors: Sullivan P. R.
Published: April 2007

Development, survival, reproduction, sex ratios and population growth statistics of Dactylopius ceylonicus on Opuntia vulgaris at constant temperatures of 18, 22, 26, 30 and 34°C are reported. Populations of D. ceylonicus can increase at constant temperatures above 16.7°C and the rate of increase reaches a peak near 30°C. The most favourable temperatures for D. ceylonicus development, survival and reproduction were 26 and 30°C. The relevance of this to control of O. vulgaris and breeding of D. ceylonicus for field release are discussed.
BOOK REVIEW
Authors: Milner R.
Published: April 2007

Insect‐Fungus Interactions. Edited by N. Wilding, N. M. Collins, P. M. Hammond and J. F. Webber. Academic Press, London, pp. 344. £33.00.
AN IMPROVED SAMPLING METHOD FOR HETEROPSYLLA CUBANA CRAWFORD (HEMIPTERA: PSYLLIDAE) ON LEUCAENA LEUCOCEPHYLLA
Authors: Elder R. J. , Mayer D. G.
Published: April 2007

The distributions of eggs and nymphs of Heteropsylla cubana Crawford on Leucaena leucocephylla were studied at 4 sites in central Queensland. Current visual rating methods for eggs and nymphs were shown to be unsuitable in estimating population densities. Eggs and early instar nymphs of H. cubana were concentrated on the first fully expanded leaf and the 1 or 2 unexpanded leaves nearest to this leaf on the terminal. Both eggs and nymphs were spread over more leaves in terminals with a larger number of leaves. Later instar nymphs migrated to the stem and leaves closer to the apical bud. The small dimensions require that all counts be made under a microscope. Eggs should be counted in situ. Accurate estimates of nymphal populations were made by washing leaves in alcohol to dislodge nymphs. Tables are presented to enable estimation of populations of all instars on 7 terminal types from counts made using the alcohol washing technique.
BOOK REVIEW
Authors: Ballantyne Lesley A.
Published: April 2007

Worms to Wasps. An Illustrated Guide to Australia's Terrestrial Invertebrates. Mark S. Harvey and Alan L. Yen. Oxford University Press. Melbourne. Australia $17.95 (paperback) xi + 203.
APENESIA EVANSI SP.N. (HYMENOPTERA: BETHYLIDAE) FROM AUSTRALIA WITH COMMENTS ON PHORETIC COPULATION IN BETHYLIDS
Authors: Gordh Gordon
Published: April 2007

Apenesia evansi, described from a pair taken in copula in Queensland, is the second species of the large cosmopolitan genus Apenesia Westwood known in Australia. The other is A. australiensis Kieffer. The taxonomic distribution of pairs of Apenesia and related genera captured in copula is briefly reviewed, and aspects of genital anatomy and copulatory position are discussed. Phoretic copulation has been reported in most zoogeographical realms, but not previously for any Australian bethylid.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TWO TRAPS FOR BACTROCERA TRYONI (FROGGATT) (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) AND IMPLICATIONS FOR QUARANTINE SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS
Authors: Cowley J. M. , Page F. D. , Nimmo P. R. , Cowley D. R.
Published: April 2007

The effectiveness of 2 traps for Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni was compared for 1 year amongst relatively low populations at Applethorpe‐Stanthorpe in southeast Queensland. The Lynfield trap which is an inexpensive, non‐sticky, pot‐type trap was significantly more effective than the Jackson trap and was at least as reliable in the detection of fruit fly populations. Use of Lynfield traps in quarantine surveillance programs should allow for a greater trap density and a more sensitive detection system to be established without vastly increased operational costs.
FEEDING BIOLOGY OF CAMPYLOMMA LIVIDA REUTER (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE) ON COTTON, AND SOME HOST PLANT RECORDS
Authors: Chinajariyawong A. , Walter G. H.
Published: April 2007

Campylomma livida, according to tests with cotton, is both predacious and phytophagous. Bugs fed prey (Heliothis eggs) and parts of cotton plants (tips or squares) developed faster than bugs fed cotton alone and faster than bugs provided only with prey. Survival and fecundity was also higher on the mixed diet. Bugs exposed to cotton seedlings or squares did cause damage (which is described), but the amount of damage per bug was low. C. livida therefore has the potential to damage early‐season cotton in eastern Australia, but its potential for damaging cotton crops requires further investigation. Interpretation of C. livida ecology on cotton will require a better understanding of the species status of the taxon C. livida, and a better understanding of its host plant relationships.
ABACARUS HYSTRIX (NALEPA) (ACARINA: ERIOPHYIDAE) NEWLY RECORDED IN AUSTRALIA
Authors: Frost W. E. , Eagling D. R. , Manson D. C. M.
Published: April 2007

Abacarus hystrix (Nalepa) is recorded for the first time in Australia. The implications for transmission of ryegrass mosaic potyvirus, a serious disease of pastures, are discussed.
EFFECT OF SOIL MOISTURE AND SIMULATED RAINFALL ON PUPAL SURVIVAL AND MOTH EMERGENCE OF HELICOVERPA PUNCTIGERA (WALLENGREN) AND H. ARMIGERA (HÜBNER) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)
Authors: Murray D. A. H. , Zalucki M. P.
Published: April 2007

Prepupae of Helicoverpa punctigera (Wallengren) and H. armigera (Hübner) were allowed to pupate in a black cracking‐clay soil at different moisture levels. No differences in pupal survival and moth emergence were recorded where soil moisture ranged from dry to very wet when prepupae tunnelled into the soil. In a second experiment, simulated rainfall after pupation, but before moth emergence, reduced survival by disrupting emergence tunnels and trapping moths in their tunnels. This effect was greater where prepupae had tunnelled into dry soil than where they had tunnelled into wet soil.
EFFECT OF NUTRIENTS ON THE GROWTH AND PHENOLOGY OF GASCARDIA DESTRUCTOR (NEWSTEAD) AND CEROPLASTES SINENSIS DEL GUERCIO (HEMIPTERA: COCCIDAE) INFESTING CITRUS
Authors: Beattie G. A. C. , Weir R. G. , Clift A. D. , Jiang L.
Published: April 2007

The growth and phenology of white wax scale, Gascardia destructor (Newstead), and Chinese wax scale, Ceroplastes sinensis del Guercio, infesting Valencia orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck), were influenced by nitrogen content but not by other nutrients.
DESCRIPTION OF THE CALIGINOSUM SPECIES GROUP OF THE GENUS PISON JURINE (HYMENOPTERA: SPHECIDAE: LARRINAE)
Authors: Naumann I. D.
Published: April 2007

A new species group of Pison (comprising P. caliginosum Turner from Australia and Norfolk I., P. mandibulatum Turner from southwestern Australia, and P. pyrrhicum sp.n. and P. weiri sp.n. from northern Australia) is recognised. A lectotype is selected for P. mandibulatum. All species possess an apically broad mandible unique within the genus. Nothing is known of the nesting biology of these species.
CONFIRMATION OF LEPIDIOTA REULEAUXI BRENSKE (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE: MELOLONTHINAE) AS THE RAMU CANEGRUB
Authors: Allsopp P. G.
Published: April 2007

Lepidiota reuleauxi Brenske is confirmed as the whitegrub attacking sugarcane at Ramu Sugar Estate, Gusap, Papua New Guinea. A lectotype and paralectotypes are designated, and adults and the raster pattern of the third‐instar larva are described.
SEXUAL DIMORPHISM IN THE ADULT ANTENNAE OF ANTITROGUS PARVULUS BRITTON AND LEPIDIOTA NEGATORIA BLACKBURN (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE: MELOLONTHINAE)
Authors: Allsopp P. G.
Published: April 2007

Antennae of both sexes of adults of Antitrogus parvulus and Lepidiota negatoria were examined using scanning electron microscopy following critical‐point drying. Males of A. parvulus have 7 large lamellae, the inner surfaces of which have ca 150,000 cup‐shaped placoid sensilla. Females have fewer and smaller lamellae, no placoid sensilla and few basiconic sensilla. Both sexes of L. negatoria have similar 3‐lamellate antennae with placoid sensilla and 2 types of basiconic sensilla. Sensilla differences suggest that male A. parvulus use pheromones to locate distant females, whilst in L. negatoria the antennal sensilla are used to locate host trees and proximate females.
THE OCCURRENCE IN AUSTRALIA OF PODOCINIDAE (ACARINA: MESOSTIGMATA), WITH DESCRIPTION OF TWO NEW SPECIES
Authors: Halliday R. B.
Published: April 2007

Podocinidae are recorded from Australia for the first time, represented by Podocinum monilicum sp.n. and P. pacificum Berlese, from Eucalyptus leaf litter in New South Wales, and P. taylori sp.n., from rainforest leaf litter in north Queensland. Derrickia Womersley is transferred from Podocinidae to the Trigynaspida.
DOSE RESPONSE AND SELECTION FOR PROPETAMPHOS RESISTANCE IN FIELD POPULATIONS OF LUCILIA CUPRINA (WIEDEMANN) (DIPTERA: CALLIPHORIDAE)
Authors: Levot G. W.
Published: April 2007

The toxicological response of field populations of Lucilia cuprina to propetamphos was correlated to that of diazinon suggesting that resistance to propetamphos is a direct consequence of existing diazinon resistance. However, the level of resistance to propetamphos was generally low in field strains despite diazinon resistance being close to fixation in wild populations. A laboratory selection of first instar larvae with propetamphos increased resistance more than 4‐fold. Resistance also increased to diazinon (3.7x), chlorfenvinphos (6.3x) and coumaphos (4.8x).
AUSASAPHES SHIRALEE SP.N. (HYMENOPTERA: PTEROMALIDAE: ASAPHINAE), A BRACHYPTEROUS WASP PHORETIC ON A FLIGHTLESS CHRYSOMELID BEETLE (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE)
Authors: Naumann I. D. , Reid C. A. M.
Published: April 2007

Ausasaphes shiralee sp.n. is described from southeastern Australia where it parasitises the eggs of an unidentified species of Chalcolampra Blanchard. Adults of A. shiralee are brachypterous and females are phoretic on adults of Chalcolampra.
WORKER POLYMORPHISM AND NEST STRUCTURE IN MYRMECIA BREVINODA FOREL (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE)
Authors: Higashi S. , Peeters C. P.
Published: April 2007

A large nest of Myrmecia brevinoda (with a soil mound 70 cm tall) contained 2576 workers and 1 queen. Other small ants, termites and various insect larvae were also found in uninhabited parts of the mound. Although workers exhibit considerable size variation (length: 13–36 mm), relative growth (head length versus head width) among workers is not allometric. Thus workers are monomorphic although they fall into 2 obvious size classes which overlap broadly. Small workers were abundant in the lower parts of the nest while larger workers prevailed in the upper parts. Field observations confirmed the occurrence of size polyethism, i.e. larger workers were engaged in hunting, defence and extranidal building, while smaller workers excavated soil from inside the nest.
REDESCRIPTION OF ANAPHES NITENS (GIRAULT) AND DESCRIPTION OF TWO NEW SPECIES OF ANAPHES HALIDAY (HYMENOPTERA: MYMARIDAE), PARASITES OF GONIPTERUS SCUTELLATUS GYLLENHAL (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) IN TASMANIA1
Authors: Huber J. T. , Prinsloo G. L.
Published: April 2007

Anaphes nitens (Girault), the most important biological control agent of the eucalyptus snout beetle Gonipterus scutellatus, is redescribed, from specimens from South Africa. Two new species of Anaphes Haliday from Tasmania, A. tasmaniae and A. inexpectatus, also from egg pods of G. scutellatus, are described and compared with A. nitens. A key is given to separate these species. Lectotypes are designated for Anaphoidea nitens Girault and its junior synonym A. gonipteri Ferriere.
THE “DOCTOR'S DILEMMA”, OR IDEALS, ATTITUDES AND COMPROMISE IN INSECT CONSERVATION
Authors: New T. R.
Published: April 2007

Species‐orientated conservation programs accord priority to selected species based on values of different kinds, a process which can conflict with ideals and necessitate compromise with them in determining how restricted logistic support for conservation is to be allocated. The importance of utilitarian and intrinsic values is explored in relation to setting such priorities for insects, and approaches to selecting or nominating priority species are discussed.
SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SOYBEANS TO DAMAGE BY NEZARA VIRIDULA (L.) (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE) AND RIPTORTUS SERRIPES (F.) (HEMIPTERA: ALYDIDAE) DURING THREE STAGES OF POD DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Brier H. B. , Rogers D. J.
Published: April 2007

Caged Davis soybean plants were infested with Nezara viridula (L.) and Riptortus serripes (F.) (4.4 adults/m) at 3 stages of pod development in 3 experiments in 1987, 1988 and 1989. Bug feeding reduced seed yield and oil content during pod fill, but not during pod elongation or pod ripening. N. viridula reduced yields significantly in 1987 and 1988, (183 and 494 kg/ha) but R. serripes reduced yields significantly only in 1988 (353 kg/ha). Both species damaged more seeds during pod fill than during any other pod stage, but N. viridula damaged more seeds than R. serripes. Mean seed weight was reduced only during pod fill. In contrast, the mean weight of undamaged seeds increased during pod fill. This indicated partial compensation by Davis soybeans for damage caused by the above bug species at a density of 4.4 adults/m. Seed oil content, recorded only in 1988, was reduced significantly by N. viridula, but not by R. serripes.
TERMITES OF ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE IN SUBURBAN PERTH, WESTERN AUSTRALIA: A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THEIR DISTRIBUTION AND ASSOCIATION WITH TYPES OF WOOD (ISOPTERA)
Authors: Postle A. , Abbott I.
Published: April 2007

A survey of termites carried out by pest control operators in metropolitan Perth yielded 4 species: Coptotermes michaelseni Silvestri, C. acinaciformis raffrayi Wassmann, Nasutitermes exitiosus (Hill) and Heterotermes platycephalus Froggatt. The first 2 species were the most frequently collected and therefore of the most likely economic significance. No significant differences between the incidence of the two commonest species in relation to average annual rainfall or soil type were found. Most termite damage was recorded in outdoor situations. Hardwoods were more frequently infested than softwoods.
DROSOPHILA FLAVOHIRTA MALLOCH (DIPTERA: DROSOPHILIDAE) IN EUCALYPTUS FLOWERS: OCCURRENCE AND PARASITES IN EASTERN AUSTRALIA AND POTENTIAL FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL ON EUCALYPTUS GRANDIS IN SOUTH AFRICA 1
Authors: TRIBE G. D.
Published: April 2007

Drosophila flavohirta, which causes substantial losses in honey production in South Africa, was reared from Eucalyptus flowers within Yuraygir National Park, N.S.W. Most infested flowers (88%) harboured a single fly pupa attached either to the style (77%) or stamen (21%). Nectar secretion by individual flowers ceased by the 7th day, forcing D. flavohirta larvae to migrate between flowers. This, and predation by ants, makes localised mass flowering of hosts crucial to D. flavohirta survival. Two parasitoid species were recovered from D. flavohirta pupae. Aprostocetus sp. (Eulophidae) accounted for 97% of the parasitised pupae and an eucoilid for the remainder. The average parasitism was 15% (range 5‐28%).
ATTRACTIVENESS OF FOUR COLOURS OF TRAPS TO CEREAL APHIDS (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA
Authors: DE BARRO P. J.
Published: April 2007

Pan traps coloured yellow, “bright” green, white, and “young wheat” green were tested for their attractiveness to cereal aphids in Adelaide in winter/spring and summer. In winter/spring Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) and Sitobion nr fragariae (Walker) were attracted most strongly to yellow followed by “bright” green, while R. maidis (Fitch) was absent. Only R. maidis was trapped in large numbers during summer and again yellow and “bright” green were the most attractive.
SECRETORY SPINES IN IMMATURES OF ALEUROCANTHUS QUAINTANCE AND BAKER (HEMIPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE)
Authors: CARVER MARY
Published: April 2007

The dorsal spines of immatures of some Aleurocanthus spp. are secretory. Sticky, viscous, retentive droplets are secreted through subapical orifices in the hollow spines of some species, through apical orifices in others. The droplets apparently allow the adherence of earlier nymphal exuviae, and may have a defensive function.
TECHNIQUE FOR MASS REARING CTENARYTAINA THYSANURA (FERRIS AND KLYVER) (HEMIPTERA: PSYLLIDAE)
Authors: MENSAH R. K. , MADDEN J. L.
Published: April 2007

A mass rearing technique for consistent production of large numbers of Ctenarytaina thysanura for laboratory studies is described. The number of ovarioles of laboratory‐reared and field‐collected C. thysanura was compared.
INFLUENCE OF CULTURAL PRACTICES ON DAMAGE CAUSED BY INOPUS RUBRICEPS (MACQUART) (DIPTERA: STRATIOMYIDAE) TO SUGARCANE
Authors: SAMSON P. R. , CORRIE K. D. , DOMINIAK B. C.
Published: April 2007

A survey of damage caused by Inopus rubriceps to sugarcane was carried out in the Millaquin‐Qunaba mill area near Bundaberg. Damage was less frequent in first and second ratoon crops than in older ratoons. An effect of sugarcane varieties was evident, but damage levels were the same for the 3 main varieties in the district. No damage was recorded in fields treated with suSCon Blue (controlled‐release chlorpyrifos granules) against canegrubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Damage was more frequent in cane fields that had been replanted immediately after ploughout of the previous crop than in those that had an interval without cane. This interval could be a bare fallow or a rotation with a vegetable crop. Other factors including rotary hoeing, past use of dieldrin, and use of chlorpyrifos EC at planting were not shown to affect the frequency of damage.
LABORATORY REARING OF HALOTYDEUS DESTRUCTOR (TUCKER) (ACARI: PENTHALEIDAE)
Authors: RIDSDILL‐SMITH T. J.
Published: April 2007

For the first time Halotydeus destructor has been laboratory‐reared over the summer (October‐May), on Trifolium subterraneum plants at fluctuating temperatures of 11–18°C.
DISTRIBUTION AND BIOLOGY OF A NEW BAGOUS WEEVIL (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) WHICH FEEDS ON THE AQUATIC WEED, HYDRILLA VERTICILLATA
Authors: BALCIUNAS J. K. , PURCELL M. F.
Published: April 2007

A new, undescribed species of aquatic weevil, Bagous sp., was found feeding on the submersed aquatic plant, hydrilla, Hydrilla verticillata, at 21 sites, from Kakadu National Park in the N.T., to Grafton in N.S.W. The larvae and adults feed on hydrilla beneath the surface, fragmenting the stems, then continue feeding on floating fragments, and those stranded on the shoreline, where the larvae pupate. Single eggs are laid in hydrilla stems, within which the three larval instars develop. Development from egg to adult takes 12–14 d at 25°C. This Bagous weevil has been exported as a potential biological control agent to the United States, where hydrilla is a pest. Figures illustrating this new species and distinguishing it from the similar Bagous australasiae are provided.
REVISION OF THE AUSTRALIAN GENUSAUSTROSAROPOGONHARDY (DIPTERA: ASILIDAE)
Authors: Daniels G.
Published: April 2007

AustrosaropogonHardy is revised and 10 new species described:barbula, celaenops, gephyrion, insulanus, melanops, montanus, nigritibia, palleucus, periscelis, andthule.The genus is distributed in eastern Australia and Lord Howe Island. A key to species is provided.
VIABILITY OF POLLEN CARRIED BY APIS MELLIFERA L. TRIGONA CARBONARIA SMITH AND VESPULA GERMANICA (F.) (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE, VESPIDAE)
Authors: Harriss F. C. L. , Beattie A. J.
Published: April 2007

Antibiotics on the surface of ants inhibit pathogenic microorganisms and significantly lower pollen viability. However, the viability of pollen in contact with the integument of Apis mellifera L. and Vespula germanica (F.) is not significantly lowered. Trigona carbonaria Smith induces some reduction in pollen viability and this may be the effect of resins harvested for nest construction. The disruption of pollen function by T. carbonaria is much less severe than that produced by ants. Differential integumental effects on pollen are consistent with the relative abundance of bee, wasp and ant pollination systems, particularly the extreme rarity of pollination by ants.
ADDITIONAL SPECIES OF CHAETOPHTHALMUS BRAUER AND BERGENSTAMM (DIPTERA: TACHINIDAE) FROM PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Authors: Cantrell B. K. , Shima Hiroshi
Published: April 2007

Eleven new species of Chaetophthalmus Brauer and Bergenstamm are described from Papua New Guinea: argentifrons, aurifrons, bicoloratus, gressitti, inconstans, laticeps, nitidus, sedlacekorum, shinonagai, taylori and wau. A revised key to species of Chaetophthalmus is presented.
INSECTICIDAL CONTROL OF MYRMECIA PILOSULA F. SMITH (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE)
Authors: Williams Margaret A.
Published: April 2007

Four chemicals registered for ant control in Tasmania and available in household packs (bendiocarb, chlorpyrifos, diazinon and permethrin) are effective in the control of jackjumper ant, Myrmecia pilosula. Chlordane also gave control but was slow to act. Propoxur was ineffective.
NOMENCLATURE AND DISTRIBUTION OF SOME AUSTRALIAN AND NEW GUINEAN ANTS OF THE SUBFAMILY FORMICINAE (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE)
Authors: Taylor Robert W.
Published: April 2007

Various Australian and New Guinean species of the formicine ant genera Acropyga Roger, Camponotus Mayr, Echinopla Fr. Smith, Notonus Emery, Notostigma Emery, Polyrhachis Fr. Smith, Prolasius Forel, Pseudonotoncus Clark, Stigmacros Forel and Teratomyrmex McAreavey are discussed. Notoncus and Prolasius are recorded for the first time from New Guinea. Notoncus capitatus Forel, Stigmacros foreli Viehmeyer and S. fossulata Viehmeyer are reinstated from junior synonymy. Prolasius nitidissimus formicoides (Forel) and P. hemiflavus wilsoni McAreavey are raised to species. New synonymies (senior names listed first) are: Acropyga acutiventris Roger =A. moluccana australis Forel; Echinopla turneri Forel =E. turneri picticeps Forel; Notostigma carazzii (Emery) =N. podenzanai Emery; Prolasius convexus McAreavey =P. nigriventris McAreavey; P. flavicornis Clark =P. flavidiscus McAreavey =P. flavicornis minor McAreavey; and P. nitidissimus (André) =P. niger Clark =P. depressiceps similis McAreavey. Notostigma sanguinea Clark is transferred to Camponotus as C. johnclarki Taylor nom.n., and C. sanguineus McAreavey is renamed C. macareaveyi Taylor nom.n., both changes due to secondary homonymy. The aggregate name Pseudonotoncus (hirsutus) Clark is proposed to cover the 2 nominal species of that genus. The putative dolichoderine Turneria frenchi Forel is declared incertae sedis in family Formicidae. Biological and distributional notes are given, including information on the association of the pseudococcid Xenococcus annandalei Silvestri with Acropyga acutiventris.
FEEDING BEHAVIOUR AND PEST STATUS OF CTENARYTAINA THYSANURA (FERRIS AND KLYVER) (HEMIPTERA: PSYLLIDAE) ON BORONIA MEGASTIGMA (NEES) IN TASMANIA
Authors: Mensah R. K. , Madden J. L.
Published: April 2007

Ctenarytaina thysanura is a phloem feeder and feeding by nymphs was restricted to the young, actively growing boronia shoots. During feeding C. thysanura produces honey dew and with high infestations, the boronia foliage becomes heavily contaminated with sugar rich excreta and in turn black sooty mould. Severely affected plants lose turgor, growth ceases and leaves absciss. Less severe infestations reduce vegetative growth and the initiation and formation of flower buds. Experimentally C. thysanura causes a 41.7% loss of flowers and suppresses oil yield. Year‐old infested plants cease producing new nodes 56 d after initial infestation and growth ceases entirely within 98 d. Damage to the plant is cumulative and is most apparent as nymphs enter the 4th and 5th stages. Based on market values of flowers and costs of controlling the insects for 1988/89 and 1989/90, the economic‐injury level for year‐old boronia plants is 8 mature nymphs per terminal shoot.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND TAXONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF DEFENSIVE SECRETIONS OF SOME AUSTRALIAN TENEBRIONIDAE (COLEOPTERA)
Authors: Brown W. V. , Doyen J. T. , Moore B. P. , Lawrence J. F.
Published: April 2007

The defensive secretions of 88 species of Australian Tenebrionidae from 63 genera and 23 tribes have been analysed. These secretions comprise mainly quinones with 1‐alkenes and, in some cases, smaller quantities of other components. In general, the results support the conclusion from overseas studies that defensive chemistry in this family has been plastic and that individual components are seldom likely to prove characteristic for particular taxa. However, limited correlations between defensive chemistry and taxonomy are apparent and their bearing on some recent changes in higher classification of the Australian fauna is discussed.
ANOPHELES ANNULIPES WALKER (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) AT GRIFFITH, NEW SOUTH WALES. 4. PHENOLOGY OF TWO SIBLING SPECIES
Authors: Foley D. H. , Barnes A. , Bryan J. H.
Published: April 2007

A longitudinal study of adult Anopheles annulipes species A and species G at Griffith, N.S.W. was undertaken from late spring to early autumn for 3 consecutive years. An. annulipes sensu lato from CO2 baited light traps at 2 sites were identified by electrophoresis for 2 years. Regression models were fitted to log‐transformed data to identify factors accounting for variability in trap catches. Annual and lunar cycles, year, site and rainfall effects were shown to be significant. Rainfall had a negative effect on numbers. Species A and species G showed similar responses to lunar phase, peaking 16.9 and 16.4 d after new moon, respectively. The phenologies of the sibling species differed with peak numbers of species A in late January and of species G in mid March.
A SECOND SUGARCANE ARMYWORM (LEUCANIA LOREYI(DUPONCHEL)) FROM AUSTRALIA AND THE IDENTITY OFL. LOREYIMIMARUNGS (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)
Authors: Edwards E. D.
Published: April 2007

The presence in Australia of a second sugarcane armyworm, Leucania loreyi, in addition to L. loreyimima, is recognised for the first time. L. stenographa Lower, stat. rev. is shown to be a senior subjective synonym of L. loreyimima syn.n. Characters to distinguish the 2 species are given.
REVIEW OF THETHALYCRODESCOMPLEX OF GENERA (COLEOPTERA: NITIDULIDAE) ENDEMIC TO THE AUSTRALIAN REGION
Authors: Kirejtshuk A. G. , Lawrence J. F.
Published: April 2007

The Thalycrodes complex includes the genera Thalycrodes Blackburn, Rixerodes gen.n. and Australycra gen.n., all of which are endemic to Australia. The following new species and new combination are proposed: Thalycrodes alutaceum sp.n., T. annae sp.n., T. mixtum sp.n., T. calvatum sp.n., Rixerodes cornutulus sp.n., R. cunninghami sp.n. and Australycra obscura (Blackburn), comb.n.
NOTES ONPARABLAXSCHWARZ AND THE SUBFAMILY PITYOBIINAE WITH DESCRIPTION OFPARABLAX OSSASP.N. FROM TASMANIA (COLEOPTERA: ELATERIDAE)
Authors: Calder A. A.
Published: April 2007

Parablax ossa sp.n. is described from both sexes collected on Mt Ossa, Tasmania. The newly discovered male of Parablax rumaiy Calder is described and the aedeagus figured. Some generic characters (frontal region of head, anterior margin of scutellum and hind wing sclerotisations) of Parablax Schwarz are reappraised. The Pityobiinae, believed by Dolin to comprise Pityobius LeConte, Tibionema Guérin‐Méneville, Metablax Candèze and Parablax Schwarz, is reassessed in the light of female genitalic characters.
BOOK REVIEW
Authors: Allsopp P. G.
Published: April 2007

The insects of Australia. A textbook for students and research workers. Second Edition. Volumes 1 and 2. Division of Entomology, CSIRO. Melbourne University Press, 1991, xvi + 1137 pp. $225.00.
BOOK REVIEW
Authors: Storey R. I.
Published: April 2007

Dung beetle ecology. I. Hanski and Y. Cambefort (Eds.).
EMPOASCA (EMPOASCA) SMITHI, A NEW SPECIES OF LEAFHOPPER DAMAGING CITRUS IN QUEENSLAND AND NOTES ON OTHER TYPHLOCYBINAE FROM AUSTRALIA (HEMIPTERA: CICADELLIDAE)
Authors: Fletcher M. J. , Donaldson J. F.
Published: April 2007

Damage to developing citrus fruit at Mundubbera in Queensland was caused by the feeding of a typhlocybine leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) which is described as Empoasca (Empoasca) smithi n.sp. Australian species previously referred to this genus were transferred to Austroasca Lower and until the current record, no Australian species of Empoasca sensu stricto have been recognised. Motschulskyia (Togaritettix) serratus Matsumura is also recorded from Australia for the first time. Austroasca (Paolia) Lower is synonymised with Dialecticopteryx Kirkaldy.
LIFE HISTORY AND BIOLOGY OF SESAMIA GRISESCENS WALKER (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE), A SUGARCANE BORER IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Authors: Young G. R. , Kuniata L. S.
Published: April 2007

Sesamia grisescens is a pest of sugarcane, Saccharum officinarum, in Papua New Guinea. Egg masses are laid beneath the sheaths of younger leaves of the sugarcane stalk. Eggs hatch 9 d after oviposition and first instars mine the inner surface of the leaf sheath for 2 d before boring into the terminal internodes of the stalk. The gregarious early instars feed on the internode tissue, killing the apical meristem. After the death of the apical meristem and spindle leaves, the larvae migrate to the upper 3–4 internodes of adjacent undamaged stalks where large tunnels are mined. Several days prior to pupation, the larvae cut large exit holes through the stalk rind and retreat up to 5 cm into the tunnel to pupate. There are 7 larval instars. In the laboratory, the larval and pupal stages occupied 34 and 17 d, respectively. The time from egg to adult was 60 d. Adults survived up to 7 d and mating commenced 34 h after emergence. Alternative host plants are S. robustum, S. spontaneum, S. edule, Pennisetum purpureum, and Panicum maximum.
AN ELECTROPHORETIC STUDY OF ERIOSOMA LANIGERUM (HAUSMANN) ON APPLE AND ERIOSOMA SP. FROM GALLS ON ELM IN CANBERRA, AUSTRALIA (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE)
Authors: Fisk Jennifer H. , Carver Mary , Eastop V. F.
Published: April 2007

A preliminary electrophoretic study was done to compare Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann), the woolly apple aphid, from apple, with Eriosoma sp. from galls on elm in Canberra. No fixed allozyme differences were found, which is consistent with the hypotheses that either the two populations are conspecific (i.e. are both E. lanigerum), or are recently separated sibling species.
HONEY BEE (APIS MELLIFERA L.) DEATHS NEAR SPRAYED COTTON AND OBSERVATIONS ON BEE FORAGING BEHAVIOUR IN FLOWERING COTTON (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE)
Authors: Robertson L. N. , Rhodes J. W.
Published: April 2007

Trials were conducted to investigate the attractiveness of cotton to honey bees (Apis mellifera L.), and bee mortality resulting from insecticide applications to cotton near Emerald, central Queensland. Bees died at hives sited within 3 km of sprayed, flowering cotton on two occasions. Methyl‐parathion was identified in dead bees and in pollen taken from hives on one occasion. Dimethoate residues were detected in dead bees at the same site after application of this chemical to cotton. Bee foraging in areas exposed to spraying was implicated as leading to the mortality, rather than drift to the hive site, as two of the five hives did not have increased deaths on either occasion. Bees were shown to collect nectar and pollen from cotton flowers. Numbers peaked at an average of 17.5 bees per 100 m of crop row in February on an unsprayed trial in southeastern Queensland.
MONTHLY PERIODICITY AND ABUNDANCE OF MOSQUITOES (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) NEAR BATEMANS BAY ON THE SOUTH COAST OF NEW SOUTH WALES, 1985–1988
Authors: Russell R. C. , Vale T. G. , Wells P. J. , Cloonan M. J.
Published: April 2007

During an investigation of the seasonal activity of mosquitoes and arboviruses in two coastal native forests, collections of adult mosquitoes with dry‐ice baited light traps led to the determination of a fauna comprising 34 species for the Termeil State Forest and 33 species for the Mogo State Forest/Batemans Bay locality. The monthly collection data for all species are presented, revealing the dominance of the saltmarsh pest species Aedes vigilax (Skuse) at Mogo, and the sylvan freshwater species Anopheles annulipes Walker s.l. and Coquillettidia linealis (Skuse) at Termeil. The results reflect the respective environments with the extensive saline marsh and mudflat habitats at Batemans Bay contrasting with the predominantly freshwater marsh and lake habitats of Termeil.
NEPHOTETTIX SPECIES (HEMIPTERA: CICADELLIDAE) ON RICE AND WEEDS IN QUEENSLAND
Authors: Kay I. R. , Brown J. D.
Published: April 2007

Nephotettix malayanus Ishihara and Kawase was recorded on rice (Oryza sativa L.) and on Leersia hexandra Schwartz, while N. nigromaculatus (Motschulsky) was found only on L. hexandra. No Nephotettix spp. were found on Echinochloa colona L. These host associations differ from those reported in tropical Asia.
THE PERIDOMESTIC CONTAINER‐BREEDING MOSQUITO FAUNA OF DARNLEY IS. (TORRES STRAIT) (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE), AND THE POTENTIAL FOR ITS CONTROL BY PREDACIOUS MESOCYCLOPS COPEPODS
Authors: Brown M. D. , Mottram P. , Fanning I. D. , Kay B. H.
Published: April 2007

Five species of mosquitoes were found breeding in peridomestic containers on Darnley Is. These were Aedes aegypti (L.), Ae. scutellaris (Walker), Culex quinquefasciatus Say, Cx halifaxii Theobald, and Cx annulirostris Skuse. Ae. aegypti constituted 59.6% and 92% of the mosquito fauna from large water storage containers in wet and dry seasons respectively. Ae. scutellaris was the most abundant species sampled from small containers at the end of the wet season, forming 56.8% of the fauna. During the dry season, Ae. aegypti was the most abundant species sampled from small containers, constituting 82.4% of the larvae in these sites. Breteau indices of 295 and 90 were calculated for Ae. aegypti breeding during the wet and dry season respectively. No Ae. scutellaris were sampled during the dry season, but the species exhibited a Breteau index of 270 during the wet season. Large water storage containers produced 97% and 99% more mosquito larvae, than did small container categories during wet and dry seasons respectively. Water tanks containing an indigenous undescribed. Mesocyclops sp., contained significantly less mosquito larvae than those tanks without Mesocyclops. Distinct vertical stratification in Mesocyclops and mosquito larval populations were evident in the water tanks: 78% of the Mesocyclops were sampled from the bottom of the tanks, and 65% and 75% of Ae. aegypti and Cx quinquefasciatus respectively, were retrieved from the surface.
THE IDENTITY OF AUSTRALIAN SPECIMENS RECORDED AS LEPIDOSINELLA ARMATA HANDSCHIN 1920 (COLLEMBOLA: ENTOMOBRYIDAE) WITH A KEY TO AUSTRALIAN SINELLA AND COECOBRYA
Authors: Greenslade Penelope
Published: April 2007

Specimens recorded as Lepidosinella armata Handschin 1920 from Jenolan Caves by Richards and Lane (1966) are identified as Coecobrya sp. nr hoefti Schäffer 1987 and are described and figured. A key is given to the Sinella and Coecobrya species known from Australia.
KARYOTYPES OF CEREAL APHIDS IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO RHOPALOSIPHUM MAIDIS (FITCH) (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE)
Authors: Barro P. J. De
Published: April 2007

Rhopalosiphum maidis in South Australia has a karyotype of 2n = 8, regardless of host plant. This contrasts with world‐wide records where other karyotypes (2n = 9, 10) are common on host plants other than maize and sorghum. R. maidis (2n = 9) has been recorded consistently in eastern Australia on hosts other than maize. Other cereal aphids in South Australia, namely, R. padi (L.), Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) and Sitobion nr fragariae, have karyotypes as previously recorded in the literature.
THE BIOLOGY OF LEPIDIOTA REULEAUXI BRENSKE (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE), A PEST OF SUGARCANE IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Authors: Kuniata L. S. , Young G. R.
Published: April 2007

Larvae of the canegrub Lepidiota reuleauxi have become pests of commercial sugarcane in Papua New Guinea. The biology of L. reuleauxi was studied under field and laboratory conditions. The species is univoltine. Adult activity commenced soon after the onset of the rainy season. Adults emerged just before dusk for mating. Males aggregated, probably in response to pheromonal cues from females. The adults (both sexes) lived for 3–4 weeks but did not appear to feed. Larvae require live root material as an essential dietary component. Other larval food plants were Imperata cylindrica, Saccharum spontaneum, Panicum maximum, Pennisetum purpureum and Zea mays. The biology of L. reuleauxi is compared with those of other Lepidiota spp. attacking sugarcane.
A SURVEY OF RHOPALOSIPHUM PADI (L.) (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) AND OTHER WHEAT‐INFESTING CEREAL APHIDS FLYING OVER SOUTH AUSTRALIA IN 1989
Authors: Barro P. J. De
Published: April 2007

In 21 trap locations across South Australia Rhopalosiphum padi was the most commonly trapped species of cereal aphid. Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) and Sitobion nr fragariae were rarely trapped at any of the locations other than the Waite Institute. The trap catches of R. padi peaked twice. The first, an autumn peak, began in late April and continued through until the end of May, coinciding with the production of alatoid nymphs in perennial grass pastures. The second, winter peak commenced in July and continued through to the end of sampling, coinciding with alatoid nymph production in annual volunteer grasses and wheat crops. M. dirhodum and S. nr fragariae had only one peak which occurred in winter‐spring.
GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF INOPUS RUBRICEPS (MACQUART) (DIPTERA: STRATIOMYIDAE) ON DIFFERENT CROP PLANTS
Authors: Samson P. R. , McLennan P. D.
Published: April 2007

Larvae of the sugarcane soldier fly Inopus rubriceps fed on plants in the families Gramineae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae (but not zucchini), Leguminosae, and Solanaceae in a pot experiment. Larvae grew faster under sugarcane, sorghum, legumes, and tomatoes than when crucifers, cucurbits, or capsicums were present. Plants with larger root systems were more favourable for growth. Larval growth was associated with increased survival. Fewer larvae may survive in fields between cropping cycles of sugarcane if ground is maintained as a bare fallow in comparison with a rotation with favourable host plants.
CUMBUNGI POLLEN AS A LABORATORY DIET FOR AMBLYSEIUS VICTORIENSIS (WOMERSLEY) AND TYPHLODROMUS DOREENAE SCHICHA (ACARI: PHYTOSEIIDAE)
Authors: James David G. , Whitney Jennifer
Published: April 2007

Pollen of cumbungi, Typha orientalis Presl, was used successfully as a laboratory diet for arenabased cultures of the phytoseiids Amblyseius victoriensis and Typhlodromus doreenae. Cultures on other pollen types declined rapidly after the second generation.
COMPARISON OF THE LIFE STAGES AND A FIELD GUIDE FOR DIALECTICA SCALARIELLA (ZELLER) (LEPIDOPTERA: GRACILLARIIDAE) AND STOMOPTERYX ISOCELIXANTHA (LOWER) (LEPIDOPTERA: GELECHIIDAE)
Authors: Walsh P. G. , Woods W. M. , Dodd J.
Published: April 2007

In Western Australia, Paterson's curse (Echium plantagineum) is attacked by two species of leaf mining moth, the larvae of which cause similar damage. One species is the introduced biological control agent Dialectica scalariella, the other is the native species Stomopteryx isocelixantha. Size, morphology and distribution of larval feeding mines can be used to separate these species in the field, enabling easy monitoring of the introduced biological control agent. The larval characteristics necessary for more positive identification are also described.
INFLUENCE OF ADULT BODY SIZE AND THE MALE PRONOTAL HORN ON PHENOTYPIC VARIATION IN ONTHOPHAGUS BINODIS THUNBERG (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE)
Authors: Cook* Dvid F.
Published: April 2007

The influence of adult body size and the male pronotal horn on phenotypic variation in offspring of the dung beetle Onthophagus binodis were examined in the laboratory. Female size predominantly determined the amount of dung provided to each brood mass, which had a significant influence on offspring survival. Large, horned males conferred a reproductive advantage to only large female parents through cooperation during brood mass production, increasing the average volume of their brood masses, offspring size, and the proportion of horned male progeny. Body size variation appears to have a large non‐genetic component, mainly influenced by the amount of dung provided to the larva. The male pronotal horn only developed on individuals with an elytron width greater than 3.6 mm, in response to the amount of dung provision in the brood mass.
IMMATURE STAGES OF NALA LIVIDIPES (DUFOUR) (DERMAPTERA: LABIDURIDAE)
Authors: Simpson G. B.
Published: April 2007

The egg and five nymphal instars of Nala lividipes are described. Instars are defined by the number of antennal segments and degree of wingbud development. Measurement and analyses of other body characters confirmed such definitions, although some overlap between instars occurred within each character, especially between later instars. Nymphs of N. lividipes can be distinguished easily from those of Labidura truncata Kirby (Labiduridae), Marava sp. (Spongiphoridae) and an unidentified species (Anisolabididae) using pygidial morphology.
A POSSIBLE EXPLANATION FOR SIZE DIFFERENCES IN THE METAPLEURAL GLANDS OF ANTS (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE)
Authors: Angus C. J. , Jones M. K. , Beattie A. J.
Published: April 2007

Posterior thoraces of the queen, male and worker castes of the bull ants Myrmecia gulosa F. and M. urens Lowne were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. Metapleural glands are present in queens and workers but absent in males. There are differences in gland size and cell number, both between species and between queen and worker castes. Our data, together with previously published data, show that cell number is positively correlated with overall body size, suggesting that variation in gland size is functionally related to surface area. Because metapleural secretions have strong antibiotic properties, this relationship may be to provide sufficient secretion to cover the integument.
VARIEGATED THISTLE (SILYBUM MARIANUM (L.)), A NON‐CROP HOST PLANT OF NEZARA VIRIDULA (L.) (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE) IN SOUTHEASTERN QUEENSLAND
Authors: Clarke A. R. , Walter G. H.
Published: April 2007

During spring in southeastern Queensland, Nezara viridula was found regularly on Silybum marianum. Adults were most commonly collected, but glasshouse trials confirmed that the plant would support nymphal development. The highly clumped distribution of individual adults and mating pairs on plants in the field suggested that the thistle may act as a focus of mating aggregations. The Mediterranean origin of the non‐crop host plants used by N. viridula in southeastern Queensland provides indirect evidence in support of the Mediterranean or North African origin of this species.