bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictores del consumo semanal de alcohol y sus consecuencias asociadas en universitarios consumidores intensivos de alcohol
Authors: Motos Sellés Patricia , Cortés Tomás María Teresa , Giménez Costa José Antonio , Cadaveira Mahía Fernando
Published: March 2016

Las importantes implicaciones que genera el consumo intensivo de alcohol entre los jóvenes justifican el interés por determinar qué factores predicen su aparición. Concretamente, en este estudio se analiza el papel de la personalidad y edad de inicio en el consumo de alcohol en la predicción del consumo semanal de alcohol, y de todas estas variables en la predicción del número de consecuencias asociadas al consumo en jóvenes universitarios.Se evalúan 213 consumidores intensivos de primer curso de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Todos ellos cumplimentaron un autoregistro de consumo, el BIS-11, el NEO-FFI y el IECI de consecuencias asociadas a la ingesta.Los análisis de regresión de orden jerárquico muestran que la edad de inicio resulta ser una variable predictora relevante tanto en la explicación del consumo semanal como del número de consecuencias. Lo mismo puede decirse de la variable consumo semanal respecto a la del número de consecuencias.En líneas generales, el influjo de las variables de personalidad es bastante limitado. Tan sólo mencionar la responsabilidad e impulsividad, que junto con la edad, llegan a explicar gran parte de la conducta de consumo semanal entre varones. En lo que respecta a las consecuencias derivadas del consumo, sólo resultan explicativas, aunque en menor medida que la edad y el consumo semanal, la impulsividad y el neuroticismo.Esto justifica la necesidad de planificar intervenciones más ajustadas y de analizar nuevos predictores en el caso de las mujeres que permitan explicar en mayor medida su conducta de consumo semanal.
Los Antagonistas de los Receptores Opioides en el Tratamiento del Alcoholismo
Authors: Serecigni Josep Guardia
Published: March 2016

Objetivos: A partir de los recientes progresos en la farmacoterapia del alcoholismo, hemos efectuado una revisión sobre los fármacos antagonistas de los receptores opioides, que tienen aprobada la indicación para el tratamiento del alcoholismo, como son naltrexona y nalmefeno. Metodología: Hemos revisado más de 100 publicaciones sobre péptidos y receptores opioides, el efecto de los fármacos antagonistas de los receptores opioides sobre el consumo de alcohol, tanto en animales como en humanos, tanto en el laboratorio como para el tratamiento del alcoholismo. También se describen las características farmacológicas de naltrexona y de nalmefeno y su utilidad en la práctica clínica. Resultados: Múltiples evidencias han demostrado la eficacia de naltrexona y nalmefeno para reducir el consumo de alcohol, tanto en animales de laboratorio como también en personas estudiadas en situación de bar experimental, aunque debido al diferente perfil receptorial, nalmefeno ha sido relacionado con una mayor eficacia para la reducción del consumo de alcohol, en ratas que presentan dependencia del alcohol. Además, un gran número de ensayos clínicos controlados han demostrado la eficacia de naltrexona para la prevención de recaídas, en personas que presentan un trastorno por dependencia del alcohol. Ensayos clínicos controlados recientes han demostrado la eficacia de nalmefeno “a demanda” para reducir el consumo de alcohol, en personas que presentan un trastorno por dependencia del alcohol de baja gravedad. Conclusiones: Tanto naltrexona como nalmefeno han demostrado ser fármacos seguros, bien tolerados, de manejo sencillo, y eficaces para el tratamiento del trastorno por dependencia del alcohol, (actualmente llamado trastorno por consumo de alcohol). A partir de recientes ensayos clínicos controlados se ha comprobado que nalmefeno produce una reducción significativa del consumo de alcohol, lo cual supone un nuevo objetivo que amplía las posibilidades de tratamiento para los pacientes que no desean la abstención continuada, sino una reducción de su consumo de alcohol.
Hepatitis C y VIH en usuarios de drogas inyectables en Armenia-Colombia
Authors: Berbesi-Fernández Dedsy , Segura-Cardona Ángela , Montoya-Vélez Liliana , Castaño-Perez Guillermo A.
Published: March 2016

Un aumento constante y progresivo en la disponibilidad de heroína en Colombia en las últimas décadas, y el uso de esta droga vía intravenosa, ha establecido la necesidad de prevenir una posible epidemia de VIH y hepatitis C. Esta investigación determino la seroprevalencia de hepatitis C y VIH según características sociodemográficas y comportamientos de riesgo en población que se inyecta drogas en Armenia-Colombia. Estudio transversal en 265 usuarios captados a través de muestreo guiado por el encuestado previo consentimiento informado. La seroprevalencia de hepatitis C fue 22,3% [IC95% 12,3%-23,5%]; la infección por VIH fue 2,6% [IC95% 0,4-6,0]. El 67,5% reportó inyección por más de dos años, el 35% compartió jeringas y agujas y el 12,4% utilizó condón en su última relación sexual. Los usuarios que no adquirían jeringas en droguerías en los últimos seis meses tienen 2,7 [IC95% 1,32-5,48] veces el riesgo de hepatitis C; la frecuencia diaria de inyección fue mayor en los casos positivos con VIH [OR 2,87; IC95% 0,55-15,9] pero no significativa. La cuarta parte de los encuestados, están infectados por VIH o hepatitis C, en forma de infección única o coinfección. Este estudio identificó prácticas de riesgo, como compartir jeringas y baja utilización del condón en los últimos seis meses, factores de riesgo documentados y discutidos mundialmente. Esta investigación constituye un primer paso en la búsqueda de estrategias para prevenir la propagación de infecciones por VIH y hepatitis C en redes de usuarios de drogas inyectables.
The legacy of the Treaty of Lausanne in the light of Greek-Turkish relations in the twentieth century: Greek perceptions of the Treaty of Lausanne
Authors: Sfetas Spyridon
Published: March 2016

The Treaty of Lausanne and the compulsory exchange of populations between
Greece and Turkey became the basis both for the reorientation of their
foreign policies and for the establishment of close relations of friendship
and cooperation between the two countries. But the Cyprus question and the
Aegean conflict affected bilateral relations. It had a negative impact on the
Treaty of Lausanne.
Pemphigus herpetiformis - a case report of a rare form of pemphigus and review of the literature
Authors: Stojkovic-Filipovic Jelena , Lekic Branislav , Milcic Danijela , Milinkovic Mirjana
Published: March 2016

Introduction. Pemphigus herpetiformis is the rare variant of pemphigus with
characteristic clinical features, histopathological findings different from
the convectional pemphigus, and immunological findings consistent with
pemphigus. Case report. We presented a 65-year-old woman with initial
pruritus followed by pruritic urticarial papules and plaques, some with
annular rings of tense vesicles on the periphery, on the trunk and
extremities, with no mucous lesions. Histopathological examination
demonstrated spongiosis and intraepidermal vesicles in the mid or subcorneal
epidermis in some biopsy specimen, with neutrophil and eosinophil
infiltrate. Direct immunoflorescent microscopy revealed intercellular IgG
deposition, most prominent in the upper layers of epidermis. Indirect
immunoflorescent microscopy showed intercellular binding of IgG
autoantibodies in the patient?s sera. Initially the patient was threated
with systemic corticosteroids and azathioprine, but dapson provided complete
clinical remission. Conclusion. This entity was established 40 years ago,
and around 100 patients have been reported worldwide. It is important to be
aware of this particular form of pemphigus because clinical presentation,
course of the disease and therapeutic approach are different from
conventional forms of pemphigus.
Race and the Micropolitics of Mobility
Authors: Rink Bradley
Published: March 2016

Th is article takes an autoethnographic approach in exploring the micropolitics of mobility with particular reference to race, class, and identity on one South African bus service. For his daily commute between an inner-city Cape Town suburb and a worksite near the metropolitan edge, the author explores personal, embodied, and political dimensions of mobility in a context where race
continues to dictate the expected parameters of mobility practice. When socioeconomics might allow for private car ownership and use (and when timegeographies almost require it), the autoethnography at the heart of this article requires the author to question the politics of choosing not to drive; to be a public transport passeng er when one is expected to be a driver. In spite of the author’s intentional status in the member group of bus passengers, experience of six months of everyday bus use sheds light on hidden dimensions of mobility inequality. It contributes toward filling a gap in empirical evidence on contemporary bus passengering and the continuing role of race in contexts of visibly differentiated and differentiating everyday mobility.
Black Lives Matter
Authors: Clare Rod
Published: March 2016

It has been over forty years since the mostly successful conclusion of the Civil Rights movement in the United States. While some may have thought the election of an African-American president in 2008 heralded a “postracial” America, continued violence and oppression has brought about a rebirth of activism, embodied by the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement. Now that nascent movement is preparing to be part of the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC). Due to open in fall 2016, the NMAAHC will be located at 1400 Constitution Avenue NW, in Washington DC.
Endosphenoidal coil for intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging of the pituitary gland during transsphenoidal surgery
Authors: Chittiboina Prashant , Lalith Talagala S. , Merkle Hellmut , Sarlls Joelle E. , Montgomery Blake K. , Piazza Martin G. , Scott Gretchen , Ray-Chaudhury Abhik , Lonser Russell R. , Oldfield Edward H. , Koretsky Alan P. , Butman John A.
Published: March 2016

OBJECTIVE

Pituitary MR imaging fails to detect over 50% of microadenomas in Cushing's disease and nearly 80% of cases of dural microinvasion. Surface coils can generate exceptionally high-resolution images of the immediately adjacent tissues. To improve imaging of the pituitary gland, a receive-only surface coil that can be placed within the sphenoid sinus (the endosphenoidal coil [ESC]) during transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) was developed and assessed.

METHODS

Five cadaver heads were used for preclinical testing of the ESC. The ESC (a double-turn, 12-mm-diameter surface coil made from 1-mm-diameter copper wire) was developed to obtain images in a 1.5-T MR scanner. The ESC was placed (via a standard sublabial TSS approach) on the anterior sella face. Clinical MR scans were obtained using the 8-channel head coil and ESC as the receiver coils. Using the ESC, ultra–high-resolution, 3D, balanced fast field echo (BFFE) and T1-weighted imaging were performed at resolutions of 0.25 × 0.25 × 0.50 mm3 and 0.15 × 0.15 × 0.30 mm3, respectively.

RESULTS

Region-of-interest analysis indicated a 10-fold increase in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the pituitary when using the ESC compared with the 8-channel head coil. ESC-related improvements (p < 0.01) in the SNR were inversely proportional to the distance from the ESC tip to the anterior pituitary gland surface. High-resolution BFFE MR imaging obtained using ESC revealed a number of anatomical features critical to pituitary surgery that were not visible on 8-channel MR imaging, including the pituitary capsule, the intercavernous sinus, and microcalcifications in the pars intermedia. These ESC imaging findings were confirmed by the pathological correlation with whole-mount pituitary sections.

CONCLUSIONS

ESC can significantly improve SNR in the sellar region intraoperatively using current 1.5-T MR imaging platforms. Improvement in SNR can provide images of the sella and surrounding structures with unprecedented resolution. Clinical use of this ESC may allow for MR imaging detection of previously occult pituitary adenomas and identify microscopic invasion of the dura or cavernous sinus.
Physiological Indices of Pilots’ Abilities Under Varying Task Demands
Authors: Wang Zhen , Zheng Lingxiao , Lu Yanyu , Fu Shan
Published: March 2016

INTRODUCTION: This study investigated pilots’ ability by examining the effects of flight experience and task demand on physiological reactions, and analyzing the diagnostic meanings underlying correlated parameters.METHOD: A total of 12 experienced pilots and
12 less experienced pilots performed 4 simulated flight tasks, including normal and emergency situations. Fixation duration (FD), saccade rate (SR), blink rate (BR), heart rate (HR), respiration rate (RR), and respiration amplitude (RA) were measured during the tasks.RESULTS: More
experienced pilots adapted their SR flexibly to changing task demands and had significantly lower SR than less experienced pilots during emergency tasks (29.6 ± 20.0 vs. 70.1 ± 67.1 saccades/min). BR, HR, and RR were affected by pilot experience but not by task demand. More experienced
pilots had lower BR, HR, and RR than less experienced pilots during both normal tasks (BR: 14.3 ± 13.0 vs. 32.9 ± 25.8 blinks/min; HR: 72.7 ± 7.9 vs. 83.2 ± 7.2 bpm; RR: 15.4 ± 2.1 vs. 19.5 ± 5.2 breaths/min) and emergency tasks (BR: 10.2 ±
5.0 vs. 32.3 ± 20.8 blinks/min; HR: 73.3 ± 7.3 vs. 82.2 ± 11.6 bpm; RR: 15.6 ± 1.9 vs. 18.0 ± 3.2 breaths/min). FD and RA were not sensitive to either flight experience or task demand.CONCLUSIONS: Physiological reactions have the potential to reflect
pilots’ ability from different aspects. SR and BR could indicate pilots’ differences in information access strategy. HR and RR could reflect a pilot’s physical fitness. These findings are useful for understanding a pilot’s ability.Wang Z, Zheng L, Lu Y, Fu S. Physiological
indices of pilots’ abilities under varying task demands. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2016; 87(4):375–381.
Development of a Field-Deployable Psychomotor Vigilance Test to Monitor Helicopter Pilot Performance
Authors: McMahon Terry W. , Newman David G.
Published: March 2016

INTRODUCTION: Flying a helicopter is a complex psychomotor skill. Fatigue is a serious threat to operational safety, particularly for sustained helicopter operations involving high levels of cognitive information processing and sustained time on task. As part of ongoing research
into this issue, the object of this study was to develop a field-deployable helicopter-specific psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) for the purpose of daily performance monitoring of pilots.METHODS: The PVT consists of a laptop computer, a hand-operated joystick, and a set of rudder
pedals. Screen-based compensatory tracking task software includes a tracking ball (operated by the joystick) which moves randomly in all directions, and a second tracking ball which moves horizontally (operated by the rudder pedals). The 5-min test requires the pilot to keep both tracking
balls centered.RESULTS: This helicopter-specific PVT’s portability and integrated data acquisition and storage system enables daily field monitoring of the performance of individual helicopter pilots. The inclusion of a simultaneous foot-operated tracking task ensures divided
attention for helicopter pilots as the movement of both tracking balls requires simultaneous inputs.DISCUSSION: This PVT is quick, economical, easy to use, and specific to the operational flying task. It can be used for performance monitoring purposes, and as a general research
tool for investigating the psychomotor demands of helicopter operations. While reliability and validity testing is warranted, data acquired from this test could help further our understanding of the effect of various factors (such as fatigue) on helicopter pilot performance, with the potential
of contributing to helicopter operational safety.McMahon TW, Newman DG. Development of a field-deployable psychomotor vigilance test to monitor helicopter pilot performance. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2016; 87(4):417–422.
Suicide and Murder-Suicide Involving Aircraft
Authors: Kenedi Christopher , Friedman Susan Hatters , Watson Dougal , Preitner Claude
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND: This is a systematic review of suicide and homicide-suicide events involving aircraft. In aeromedical literature and in the media, these very different events are both described as pilot suicide, but in psychiatry they are considered separate events with distinct
risk factors.METHODS: Medical databases, internet search engines, and aviation safety databases were searched in a systematic way to obtain relevant cases. Relevant articles were searched for additional references.RESULTS: There were 65 cases of pilot suicide and 6 cases
of passengers who jumped from aircraft found. There were also 18 cases of homicide-suicide found involving 732 deaths. Pilots perpetrated 13 homicide-suicide events. Compared to non-aviation samples, a large percentage of pilot suicides in this study were homicide-suicides (17%).DISCUSSION:
Homicide-suicide events occur extremely rarely. However, their impact in terms of the proportion of deaths is significant when compared to deaths from accidents. There is evidence of clustering where pilot suicides occur after by media reports of suicide or homicide-suicide. Five of six homicide-suicide
events by pilots of commercial airliners occurred after they were left alone in the cockpit. This, along with a sixth incident in which active intervention by a Japan Air crew saved 147 lives, suggests that having two flight members in the cockpit is potentially protective. No single factor
was associated with the risk for suicide or homicide-suicide. Factors associated with both events included legal and financial crises, occupational conflict, mental illness, and relationship stressors. Drugs and/or alcohol played a role in almost half of suicides, but not in homicide-suicides.Kenedi
C, Friedman SH, Watson D, Preitner C. Suicide and murder-suicide involving aircraft. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2016; 87(4):388–396.
Lessons from a Space Analog on Adaptation for Long-Duration Exploration Missions
Authors: Anglin Katlin M. , Kring Jason P.
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND: Exploration missions to asteroids and Mars will bring new challenges associated with communication delays and more autonomy for crews. Mission safety and success will rely on how well the entire system, from technology to the human elements, is adaptable and resilient
to disruptive, novel, or potentially catastrophic events. The recent NASA Extreme Environment Missions Operations (NEEMO) 20 mission highlighted this need and produced valuable “lessons learned” that will inform future research on team adaptation and resilience.METHODS:
A team of NASA, industry, and academic members used an iterative process to design a tripod shaped structure, called the CORAL Tower, for two astronauts to assemble underwater with minimal tools. The team also developed assembly procedures, administered training to the crew, and provided support
during the mission.RESULTS: During the design, training, and assembly of the Tower, the team learned first-hand how adaptation in extreme environments depends on incremental testing, thorough procedures and contingency plans that predict possible failure scenarios, and effective
team adaptation and resiliency for the crew and support personnel.DISCUSSION: Findings from NEEMO 20 provide direction on the design and testing process for future space systems and crews to maximize adaptation. This experience also underscored the need for more research on team
adaptation, particularly how input and process factors affect adaption outcomes, the team adaptation iterative process, and new ways to measure the adaptation process.Anglin KM, Kring JP. Lessons from a space analog on adaptation for long-duration exploration missions. Aerosp Med
Hum Perform. 2016; 87(4):406–410.
Design and Human Factors of Therapeutic Hyperbaric Chambers
Authors: Bitterman Noemi , Bonen Ariel
Published: March 2016

INTRODUCTION: Hyperbaric therapeutic chambers are pressure vessels capable of accommodating one or more persons with the purpose of providing medical treatment. Therapeutic hyperbaric chambers have been in use from the mid-20th century, yet apparently their design
has not reached their full potential and they are not compatible with current healthcare facilities design. This paper will present therapeutic hyperbaric chambers from a human-environment-machine perspective in order to highlight their specific problems and requirements, and suggest design
concepts that may improve patient satisfaction, quality of treatment, and functionality of the staff. Data were collected from a literature review, a market survey, and personal observations. Main design solutions include personal space and privacy, stress- and anxiety-reducing environments,
hazard mitigation, rearrangement of seating, and personalized (user-tailored) entertainment systems. It is suggested that adopting a user-centered design rather than an engineering focus will increase satisfaction and overall 'user experience' of the patients, alleviate psychological issues,
and lessen workload and improve functionality of the staff. This study could be applicable and easily adapted to other confined therapeutic environments in which patients are restrained for several hours on a regular basis in receiving treatment, such as dialysis or chemotherapy rooms, and
for confined nonmedical situations such as aircrafts and rapid trains.Bitterman N, Bonen A. Design and human factors of therapeutic hyperbaric chambers. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2016; 87(4):397–405.
A Latin Renaissance in Reformation Scotland? Print Trends in Scottish Latin Literature, c. 1480–1700
Authors: Reid Steven J.
Published: March 2016

The full extent of the large body of Latin literature produced by Scots in the early modern period has long eluded scholars. However, thanks to a growing range of research in this field, and particularly to the appearance of several major new bibliographic and electronic resources, it is possible for the first time to map out one aspect of its broad contours. This article uses a database comprising all currently known published first editions of Latin texts by Scots between 1480 and 1700 to examine the extent of Scottish Latin culture in print in the early modern period; how this related to the rise of printed texts in Scots and English; and the major genre types in which Scottish Latin authors published. The database reveals several major trends: firstly, that the publication of Scottish Latin texts reached its zenith in the reign of James VI and I, bolstered by the arrival of a domestic print market but also in part by an increased focus on literacy and education after the reformation; secondly, that by far the largest genres of printed Scottish Latin were poetry and academic theses, and not religious or political texts as might perhaps be expected; and thirdly, that the use of Latin as a literary and academic language in Scotland declined rapidly and irrevocably in the second quarter of the seventeenth century. The article concludes that the production of Latin literature by Scots was unique as an aspect of renaissance culture in Scotland because it had no strongly-defined presence before the reformation of 1560 and only became fully manifest in King James's later reign. It offers potential reasons as to why this may have been the case, and examines some implications the data has for understanding Scotland's developing intellectual and linguistic relationship with England after the union of the crowns. However, the article acknowledges the limited picture provided by print evidence alone and ends by calling for further research to assess how far this trend applies to all Latin literature produced by Scots, particularly the surviving corpus of Latin manuscripts.
Charity and Conflict: Poor Relief in Mid-Seventeenth-Century Dundee
Authors: McCallum John
Published: March 2016

This article addresses the poor relief provided in Dundee during the 1640s and 1650s, years of particular upheaval in the burgh. Contrary to some assumptions, some unusually rich archival evidence on this subject survives and offers rich insight into the collection and distribution of welfare by the kirk treasurers. The article argues that significant fundraising activities took place and survived the disasters of the late 1640s and early 1650s, pointing to the resilience of the town and its charitable structures. This relief was effectively administered and carefully recorded, and drew on a variety of additional sources such as voluntary gifts, as well as regular church-door collections. The article also analyses the recipients of regular and exceptional relief payments and considers the much more limited care provided by Dundee's hospital. As well as suggesting further opportunities for the study of poor relief in pre-modern Scotland, the article also helps to shed new light on the seventeenth-century experiences of one of the less well-studied of Scotland's leading early modern burghs.
Korea's Confucian Culture of Learning as a Gateway to Christianity: Protestant Missions in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries
Authors: Yu K. Kale
Published: March 2016

As Protestant missionaries landed on Korean shores in the late nineteenth century, a great deal of effort went into creating a Christian identity using literacy and literature as cornerstones of missional strategy that would become the benchmark of the Christian experience for Koreans. The relationship between the Protestant missions' emphasis on reading and Korea's Confucian culture of learning is of particular importance for an understanding of the growth of Christianity in Korea because Christianity's close association with literacy and sacred writings energised the Confucian imagination of Korean culture. Perceiving the reading of Christian literature, including the bible, as a salient way to salvation, Koreans turned to reading and memorising the scriptures to experience the manifestation of God's revelation. The high respect afforded to education and learning as a dominant cultural value constitutes an important, if overlooked, element in the replication of faith in Korean society that reproduced the gospel under their own familiar terms.
The Missionary and the Anthropologist: The Intellectual Friendship and Scientific Collaboration of the Reverend John Roscoe (CMS) and James G. Frazer, 1896–1932
Authors: Michaud Maud
Published: March 2016

A rapidly expanding field, the study of the interactions between missions and sciences, and most notably missions and anthropology, has opened up new ways of examining the scholarly work of missionaries and their extra-apostolic activities. Historians of missions are drawn to archival materials that had been previously overlooked, such as the contributions of missionaries to scientific journals, or their correspondence with figures that worked outside of missionary circles. This article focuses on one such correspondence between the social anthropologist James George Frazer and the Revd John Roscoe, who worked for the Church Missionary Society in Uganda between 1889 and 1911. Not only was Roscoe a mine of information on Central African tribes for Frazer, he was also, after he retired from the CMS, a keen student of anthropology who devoted the second part of his life to anthropological ventures: he wrote the first ethnological account on the Baganda, contributed to enriching the Cambridge Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology's collections of Central African relics and artefacts, helped set up training courses in anthropology for prospective missionaries and led an anthropological expedition. His work, and his long correspondence with Frazer, bears the mark of the renowned anthropologist's theories on totemism, a notion that was at the core of the international anthropological scene in the late-Victorian and Edwardian period.
Exploring Retro-Nasal Aroma’s Influence on Mouthfeel Perception of Chardonnay Wines
Authors: Sereni Anthony , Osborne James , Tomasino Elizabeth
Published: March 2016

There are many interactions that occur between taste and aroma that may impact perception. The main objective of this study was to ascertain whether the aroma fraction of wine should be considered when investigating relationships between chemical composition and sensory perception of mouthfeel. Chardonnay wines with different mouthfeels were produced by altering the fermentation temperature (15 °C and 21 °C) of the alcoholic and malolactic fermentations (MLF) as well as the timing of MLF and the presence of a non-Saccharomyces yeast during alcoholic fermentation. Napping® and Ultra-flash-profiling were conducted using a panel of white winemakers. Each procedure was conducted twice: once with retro-nasal aroma (+R) and once without retronasal aroma (−R). Napping® results showed that retronasal aroma impacted mouthfeel perception. Ultra-flash profiling of +R and −R displayed similar descriptive terms used. Several terms appear to be related to retronasal aroma as they were used in +R and not in −R. It is unclear if these terms are due to interactions or due to associated learning. These results suggest that for some mouthfeel terms the volatile fraction plays a role and, to establish relationships between chemical composition and mouthfeel perception, it is important to consider both the volatile and nonvolatile wine fractions.
Remix as Professional Learning: Educators’ Iterative Literacy Practice in CLMOOC
Authors: Smith Anna , West-Puckett Stephanie , Cantrill Christina , Zamora Mia
Published: March 2016

The Connected Learning Massive Open Online Collaboration (CLMOOC) is an online professional development experience designed as an openly networked, production-centered, participatory learning collaboration for educators. Addressing the paucity of research that investigates learning processes in MOOC experiences, this paper examines the situated literacy practices that emerged as educators in CLMOOC composed, collaborated, and distributed multimediated artifacts. Using a collaborative, interactive visual mapping tool as participant-researchers, we analyzed relationships between publically available artifacts and posts generated in one week through a transliteracies framework. Culled data included posts on Twitter (n = 678), a Google+ Community (n = 105), a Facebook Group (n = 19), a blog feed (n = 5), and a “make” repository (n = 21). Remix was found to be a primary form of interaction and mediator of learning. Participants not only iterated on each others’ artifacts, but on social processes and shared practices as well. Our analysis illuminated four distinct remix mobilities and relational tendencies—bursting, drifting, leveraging, and turning. Bursting and drifting characterize the paces and proximities of remixing while leveraging and turning are activities more obviously disruptive of social processes and power hierarchies. These mobilities and tendencies revealed remix as an emergent, iterative, collaborative, critical practice with transformative possibilities for openly networked web-mediated professional learning.
An Embedded System in Smart Inverters for Power Quality and Safety Functionality
Authors: Real-Calvo Rafael , Moreno-Munoz Antonio , Gonzalez-De-La-Rosa Juan , Pallares-Lopez Victor , Gonzalez-Redondo Miguel , Moreno-Garcia Isabel
Published: March 2016

The electricity sector is undergoing an evolution that demands the development of a network model with a high level of intelligence, known as a Smart Grid. One of the factors accelerating these changes is the development and implementation of renewable energy. In particular, increased photovoltaic generation can affect the network’s stability. One line of action is to provide inverters with a management capacity that enables them to act upon the grid in order to compensate for these problems. This paper describes the design and development of a prototype embedded system able to integrate with a photovoltaic inverter and provide it with multifunctional ability in order to analyze power quality and operate with protection. The most important subsystems of this prototype are described, indicating their operating fundamentals. This prototype has been tested with class A protocols according to IEC 61000-4-30 and IEC 62586-2. Tests have also been carried out to validate the response time in generating orders and alarm signals for protections. The highlights of these experimental results are discussed. Some descriptive aspects of the integration of the prototype in an experimental smart inverter are also commented upon.
Water Balance to Recharge Calculation: Implications for Watershed Management Using Systems Dynamics Approach
Authors: Dhungel Ramesh , Fiedler Fritz
Published: March 2016

Groundwater depletion in the face of growth is a well-known problem, particularly in those areas that have grown to become dependent on a declining resource. This research comprises a broad synthesis of existing water resources data, to understand the long-term implications of continued growth in water demand on groundwater dominant water resources, and to develop a tool for sustainable water management. The Palouse region of Washington and Idaho, USA. (approximately 60,000 people in a rural setting) is entirely dependent on groundwater from two basalt aquifers for potable water. Using the systems dynamics approach and a water balance that considered the entire hydrologic cycle, a hydrologic model of these aquifers was developed, tested and applied to simulate their behavior over a 150 year time period assuming the current infrastructure does not change. With 1% population growth and current water extraction rates, the results indicated the upper aquifer use may be sustainable, while the lower aquifer use is likely unsustainable in the long term. This study also shows that uncertainties in key aspects of the system create limitations to groundwater management.
Mitigating Physiological Responses to Layoff Threat: An Experimental Test of the Efficacy of Two Coping Interventions
Authors: Probst Tahira , Jiang Lixin
Published: March 2016

The purpose of the current study was to assess real-time physiological reactions to the threat of layoffs and to determine whether the use of an emotion-focused vs. problem-focused coping intervention would be more efficacious in attenuating these physiological reactions. A 2 (coping intervention) × 4 (within-subjects time points) mixed experimental design was used to test the hypotheses. Eighty-four undergraduates participated in this laboratory experiment during which their galvanic skin response (GSR) and heart rate (HR) were continuously monitored. Analyses indicate that individuals instructed to utilize an emotion-focused coping strategy experienced a significantly greater decline in their GSR compared to those utilizing the problem-focused coping method. Results suggest organizations conducting layoffs might focus first on dealing with the emotional aftermath of downsizing before focusing on problem-solving tasks, such as resume writing and other traditional outplacement activities.
Retrospective Study of Metastatic Melanoma and Renal Cell Carcinoma to the Brain with Multivariate Analysis of Prognostic Pre-Treatment Clinical Factors
Authors: Ferrel Ethan , Roehrig Andrew , Kaya Erin , Carlson Jonathan , Ling Benjamin , Wagner Aaron , MacKay Alexander , Call Jason , Demakas John , Lamoreaux Wayne , Fairbanks Robert , Cooke Barton , Peressini Ben , Lee Christopher
Published: March 2016

Patients with brain metastasis from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) or melanoma have historically had very poor prognoses of less than one year. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) can be an effective treatment for patients with these tumors. This study analyzes the effect of pretreatment prognostic factors on overall survival (OS) for RCC and melanoma patients with metastasis to the brain treated with SRS. A total of 122 patients with brain metastases from either RCC or melanoma were grouped by age at brain metastasis diagnosis, whether they received whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) in addition to SRS, or they underwent surgical resection, Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS), number of brain metastases, and primary tumor. Median survival times for melanoma patients and RCC patients were 8.20 ± 3.06 and 12.70 ± 2.63 months, respectively. Patients with >5 metastases had a significantly shorter median survival time (6.60 ± 2.45 months) than the reference group (1 metastasis, 10.70 ± 13.40 months, p = 0.024). Patients with KPS ≤ 60 experienced significantly shorter survival than the reference group (KPS = 90–100), with median survival times of 5.80 ± 2.46 months (p < 0.001) and 45.20 ± 43.52 months, respectively. We found a median overall survival time of 12.7 and 8.2 months for RCC and melanoma, respectively. Our study determined that a higher number of brain metastases (>5) and lower KPS were statistically significant predictors of a lower OS prognosis.
Site-Control of InAs/GaAs Quantum Dots with Indium-Assisted Deoxidation
Authors: Hussain Sajid , Pozzato Alessandro , Tormen Massimo , Zannier Valentina , Biasiol Giorgio
Published: March 2016

Site-controlled epitaxial growth of InAs quantum dots on GaAs substrates patterned with periodic nanohole arrays relies on the deterministic nucleation of dots into the holes. In the ideal situation, each hole should be occupied exactly by one single dot, with no nucleation onto planar areas. However, the single-dot occupancy per hole is often made difficult by the fact that lithographically-defined holes are generally much larger than the dots, thus providing several nucleation sites per hole. In addition, deposition of a thin GaAs buffer before the dots tends to further widen the holes in the [110] direction. We have explored a method of native surface oxide removal by using indium beams, which effectively prevents hole elongation along [110] and greatly helps single-dot occupancy per hole. Furthermore, as compared to Ga-assisted deoxidation, In-assisted deoxidation is efficient in completely removing surface contaminants, and any excess In can be easily re-desorbed thermally, thus leaving a clean, smooth GaAs surface. Low temperature photoluminescence showed that inhomogeneous broadening is substantially reduced for QDs grown on In-deoxidized patterns, with respect to planar self-assembled dots.
Birkhoff Normal Forms, KAM Theory and Time Reversal Symmetry for Certain Rational Map
Authors: Denette Erin , Kulenović Mustafa , Pilav Esmir
Published: March 2016

By using the KAM(Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser) theory and time reversal symmetries, we investigate the stability of the equilibrium solutions of the system:

x

n
+
1

=

1

y
n

,

y

n
+
1

=

β

x
n

1
+

y
n

,

n
=
0
,
1
,
2
,
…
,

where the parameter

β
>
0
,

and initial conditions

x
0

and

y
0

are positive numbers. We obtain the Birkhoff normal form for this system and prove the existence of periodic points with arbitrarily large periods in every neighborhood of the unique positive equilibrium. We use invariants to find a Lyapunov function and Morse’s lemma to prove closedness of invariants. We also use the time reversal symmetry method to effectively find some feasible periods and the corresponding periodic orbits.
Nonlinear Dynamic Behavior of a Bi-Axial Torsional MEMS Mirror with Sidewall Electrodes
Authors: Ozdogan Mehmet , Towfighian Shahrzad
Published: March 2016

Nonlinear dynamic responses of a Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) mirror with sidewall electrodes are presented that are in close agreement with previously-reported experimental data. An analysis of frequency responses reveals softening behavior, and secondary resonances originated from the dominant quadratic nonlinearity. The quadratic nonlinearity is an electromechanical coupling effect caused by the electrostatic force. This effect is reflected in our mathematical model used to simulate the dynamic response of the micro-mirror. The effects of increased forcing and decreased damping on the frequency response are investigated as the mirrors are mostly used in vacuum packages. The results can predict MEMS mirror behaviors in optical devices better than previously-reported models.
Haptic, Virtual Interaction and Motor Imagery: Entertainment Tools and Psychophysiological Testing
Authors: Invitto Sara , Faggiano Chiara , Sammarco Silvia , De Luca Valerio , De Paolis Lucio
Published: March 2016

In this work, the perception of affordances was analysed in terms of cognitive neuroscience during an interactive experience in a virtual reality environment. In particular, we chose a virtual reality scenario based on the Leap Motion controller: this sensor device captures the movements of the user’s hand and fingers, which are reproduced on a computer screen by the proper software applications. For our experiment, we employed a sample of 10 subjects matched by age and sex and chosen among university students. The subjects took part in motor imagery training and immersive affordance condition (a virtual training with Leap Motion and a haptic training with real objects). After each training sessions the subject performed a recognition task, in order to investigate event-related potential (ERP) components. The results revealed significant differences in the attentional components during the Leap Motion training. During Leap Motion session, latencies increased in the occipital lobes, which are entrusted to visual sensory; in contrast, latencies decreased in the frontal lobe, where the brain is mainly activated for attention and action planning.
Self-Sensing of Damage Progression in Unidirectional Multiscale Hierarchical Composites Subjected to Cyclic Tensile Loading
Authors: Ku-Herrera J. , Pacheco-Salazar O. , Ríos-Soberanis C. , Domínguez-Rodríguez G. , Avilés F.
Published: March 2016

The electrical sensitivity of glass fiber/multiwall carbon nanotube/vinyl ester hierarchical composites containing a tailored electrically-percolated network to self-sense accumulation of structural damage when subjected to cyclic tensile loading-unloading is investigated. The hierarchical composites were designed to contain two architectures differentiated by the location of the multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), viz. MWCNTs deposited on the fibers and MWCNTs dispersed within the matrix. The changes in electrical resistance of the hierarchical composites are associated to their structural damage and correlated to acoustic emissions. The results show that such tailored hierarchical composites are able to self-sense damage onset and accumulation upon tensile loading-unloading cycles by means of their electrical response, and that the electrical response depends on the MWCNT location.
Validation of the Target Protein of Insecticidal Dihydroagarofuran Sesquiterpene Polyesters
Authors: Lu Lina , Qi Zhijun , Li Qiuli , Wu Wenjun
Published: March 2016

A series of insecticidal dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpene polyesters were isolated from the root bark of Chinese bittersweet (Celastrus angulatus Max). A previous study indicated that these compounds affect the digestive system of insects, and aminopeptidase N3 and V-ATPase have been identified as the most putative target proteins by affinity chromatography. In this study, the correlation between the affinity of the compounds to subunit H and the insecticidal activity or inhibitory effect on the activity of V-ATPase was analyzed to validate the target protein. Results indicated that the subunit H of V-ATPase was the target protein of the insecticidal compounds. In addition, the possible mechanism of action of the compounds was discussed. The results provide new ideas for developing pesticides acting on V-ATPase of insects.
Pour reconstituer le mouvement de la population aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles
Authors: Biraben Jean-Noël , Blanchet Didier , Brouard Nicolas
Published: March 2016

Dans le but de reconstituer par enquête le mouvement de l'état civil en France depuis le XVIe siècle, les auteurs expérimentent sur la Norvège, pays disposant d'un nombre suffisant de paroisses dépouillées depuis le milieu du XVIIe siècle, une méthode applicable à la situation documentaire : le nombre des paroisses disposant de registres anciens diminue au fur et à mesure que l'on remonte dans le temps, et la variance de la série augmente beaucoup. C'est une méthode de correction de cette variance qui est proposée ici sur l'exemple de la Norvège.
Le poids démographique de Paris et de l'Ile-de-France au XVIe siècle
Authors: Jacquart J.
Published: March 2016

Cette brève communication est une simple mise au point de nos connaissances et des hypothèses recevables. Une première partie tente de peser globalement la « région parisienne », définie comme une zone d'environ cent kilomètres de rayon, à l'intérieur de laquelle il n'existe aucune grosse agglomération. Les données, criticables, mais assez sûres, de l'Etat des feux et des dénombrements étudiés par J. Dupâquier encadrent le XVIe siècle. Toutes les monographies permettent de placer vers 1560-1570 un sommet de la courbe pluriséculaire. Il n'est pas impensable de majorer les évaluations de J. Dupâquier de 10 à 15 % pour apprécier le niveau de peuplement à la veille des guerres de Religion.

La seconde partie pose le problème de la population de la capitale. Après avoir rappelé les discussions des médiévistes et accepté l'évaluation « forte » pour 1328 (environ 200 000 hab.), on critique les données disponibles. Par rapport aux chiffres plausibles de 1637 (410 000), l'utilisation d'un document de 1565 relatif au ravitaillement permet d'avancer une évaluation à 270 000 habitants.
La démographie historique est-elle applicable à l'histoire grecque ?
Authors: Corvisier Jean-Nicolas
Published: March 2016

Depuis trois quarts de siècle, les chercheurs se préoccupent de la démographie de la Grèce antique mais, faute de chiffres réellement assurés, aucun progrès n'a été fait dans le dénombrement des habitants depuis Beloch et Cavaignac : les données brutes sont rares et le plus souvent fragmentaires et déraisonnables.

Il est donc nécessaire et légitime de recourir aux données d'estimation. Elles découlent de trois types principaux d'études : celle de l'agriculture, celle des contingents militaires et celle des sites urbains. L'agriculture doit rester la source primordiale, à partir des calculs qui restent valables de Jardé et en utilisant la méthode comparative. Prises isolément, la valeur de ces trois méthodes reste bien relative mais leur comparaison est riche d'enseignements.

On pourra d'abord obtenir des cartes de densités différentielles, à partir des sites urbains. Puis essayer d'apprécier les évolutions des populations : certes, on ne pourra arriver qu'à des tendances mais il s'agit déjà d'un résultat important.

Il paraît, en outre, possible d'avoir recours à des sources peu utilisées jusqu'ici : généalogies, inscriptions funéraires, mythes et légendes. A chaque fois apparaîtront des problèmes délicats d'interprétation mais il serait vain, de toute façon, de faire la fine bouche. D'autant que les possibilités paraissent non négligeables, particulièrement pour ce qui concerne la dépopulation de la Grèce antique, sujet qu'il convient de réexaminer : si elle est indéniable, elle ne paraît pas avoir affecté le monde grec également, ni à la même époque.
Transmission des prénoms et reproduction sociale en Bas-Quercy (XVIIIe - XIXe siècles)
Authors: Sangoï Jean-Claude
Published: March 2016

Le choix du prénom (et donc du parrainage) répond à de nombreuses préoccupations. Prénommer un enfant, c'est l'admettre dans une communauté religieuse, familiale et sociale. Le nom de baptême identifie et, surtout, classe au sein d'un groupe et à l'intérieur d'une généalogie. Cet article étudie les prénoms et leur système de transmission aux XVIIIe et XIXe siècles dans une région (le Bas-Quercy) présentant un type de morphologie familiale fréquent en Occitanie : la famille-souche.