bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stiffness modification of two ankle‐foot orthosis types to optimize gait in individuals with non‐spastic calf muscle weakness – a proof‐of‐concept study
Authors: Ploeger Hilde E. , Waterval Niels F. J. , Nollet Frans , Bus Sicco A. , Brehm Merel‐Anne
Published: August 2019

Background

To reduce gait problems in individuals with non‐spastic calf muscle weakness, spring‐like ankle‐foot orthoses (AFOs) are often applied, but they are not individually optimized to treatment outcome. The aim of this proof‐of‐concept study was to evaluate the effects of modifying the stiffness for two spring‐like AFO types with shoes‐only as reference on gait outcomes in three individuals with calf muscle weakness due to polio.

Methods

We assessed 3D gait biomechanics, walking speed and walking energy cost for shoes‐only and five stiffness conditions of a dorsal‐leaf‐spring AFO and a spring‐hinged AFO. Outcomes were compared between stiffness conditions in the two AFOs and three subjects.

Results

Maximum ankle dorsiflexion angle decreased with increasing stiffness in both AFOs (up to 6–8°) and all subjects. Maximum knee extension angle changed little between stiffness conditions, however different responses between the AFOs and subjects were observed compared to shoes‐only. Walking speed remained unchanged across conditions. For walking energy cost, we found fairly large differences across stiffness conditions with both AFOs and between subjects (range 3–15%).

Conclusions

Modifying AFO stiffness in individuals with non‐spastic calf muscle weakness resulted in substantial differences in ankle biomechanics and walking energy cost with no effect on speed. Our results provide proof‐of‐concept that individually optimizing AFO stiffness can clinically beneficially improve gait performance.
The synergistic effect of electroacupuncture and bone mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on repairing thin endometrial injury in rats
Authors: Xia Liangjun , Meng Qingyu , Xi Jin , Han Qin , Cheng Jie , Shen Jie , Xia Youbing , Shi Liyun
Published: August 2019

Background

Tissue regeneration disorder after endometrial injury is an important cause of intrauterine adhesions, amenorrhea, and infertility in women. Both bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation and electroacupuncture (EA) are promising therapeutic applications for endometrial injury. This study examined their combined effects on thin endometrium in rats and the possible mechanisms underlying these effects.

Methods

A thin endometrial model was established in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats by perfusing 95% ethanol into the right side of the uterus. The wounds were randomly treated with PBS (model group), BMSCs only (BMSC group), EA only (EA group), and BMSCs combined with EA (BMSC + EA group). Endometrial morphological alterations were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Changes in markers of epithelial and stromal endometrium cells, endometrial receptivity-related chemokines, and paracrine factors were detected using immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Finally, the functional recovery of the uterus was evaluated by determining the rate of embryo implantation.

Results

As shown by endometrial morphology, the damaged uteri in all the treatment groups recovered to some extent, with the best effects observed in the BMSC + EA group. Further studies showed that EA promoted the migration of transplanted BMSCs to damaged uteri by activating the stromal cell-derived factor-1/C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (SDF-1/CXCR4) axis. As compared with the other groups, upregulated expression of endometrial cytokeratin and vimentin, increased secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in endometrial lesions, and improved embryo implantation rates on the 8th day of pregnancy were found in the BMSC + EA group.

Conclusions

EA plays an important role in supporting BMSCs in the repair of thin endometrium, most likely by promoting the migration of BMSCs and enhancing the paracrine effect of BMSCs.
Prediction of Progression-Free Survival in Patients With Advanced, Well-Differentiated, Neuroendocrine Tumors Being Treated With a Somatostatin Analog: The GETNE-TRASGU Study
Authors: Carmona-Bayonas Alberto , Jiménez-Fonseca Paula , Lamarca Ángela , Barriuso Jorge , Castaño Ángel , Benavent Marta , Alonso Vicente , Riesco-Martínez María del Carmen , Alonso-Gordoa Teresa , Custodio Ana , Sánchez Cánovas Manuel , Hernando Cubero Jorge , López Carlos , Lacasta Adelaida , Fernández Montes Ana , Marazuela Mónica , Crespo Guillermo , Escudero Pilar , Diaz José Ángel , Feliciangeli Eduardo , Gallego Javier , Llanos Marta , Segura Ángel , Vilardell Felip , Percovich Juan Carlos , Grande Enrique , Capdevila Jaume , Valle Juan W. , García-Carbonero Rocío
Published: August 2019

PURPOSE

Somatostatin analogs (SSAs) are recommended for the first-line treatment of most patients with well-differentiated, gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine tumors; however, benefit from treatment is heterogeneous. The aim of the current study was to develop and validate a progression-free survival (PFS) prediction model in SSA-treated patients.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We extracted data from the Spanish Group of Neuroendocrine and Endocrine Tumors Registry (R-GETNE). Patient eligibility criteria included GEP primary, Ki-67 of 20% or less, and first-line SSA monotherapy for advanced disease. An accelerated failure time model was developed to predict PFS, which was represented as a nomogram and an online calculator. The nomogram was externally validated in an independent series of consecutive eligible patients (The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom).

RESULTS

We recruited 535 patients (R-GETNE, n = 438; Manchester, n = 97). Median PFS and overall survival in the derivation cohort were 28.7 (95% CI, 23.8 to 31.1) and 85.9 months (95% CI, 71.5 to 96.7 months), respectively. Nine covariates significantly associated with PFS were primary tumor location, Ki-67 percentage, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, alkaline phosphatase, extent of liver involvement, presence of bone and peritoneal metastases, documented progression status, and the presence of symptoms when initiating SSA. The GETNE-TRASGU (Treated With Analog of Somatostatin in Gastroenteropancreatic and Unknown Primary NETs) model demonstrated suitable calibration, as well as fair discrimination ability with a C-index value of 0.714 (95% CI, 0.680 to 0.747) and 0.732 (95% CI, 0.658 to 0.806) in the derivation and validation series, respectively.

CONCLUSION

The GETNE-TRASGU evidence-based prognostic tool stratifies patients with GEP neuroendocrine tumors receiving SSA treatment according to their estimated PFS. This nomogram may be useful when stratifying patients with neuroendocrine tumors in future trials. Furthermore, it could be a valuable tool for making treatment decisions in daily clinical practice.
Cardiorespiratory Fitness May Influence Metabolic Inflexibility During Exercise in Obese Persons
Authors: Amaro-Gahete Francisco J , Sanchez-Delgado Guillermo , Ara Ignacio , R. Ruiz Jonatan
Published: August 2019

Context

We examined whether obese individuals have a reduced maximal fat oxidation (MFO) and the intensity that elicit MFO (Fatmax) compared with normal weight and overweight persons, taking into account their level of cardiorespiratory fitness.

Methods

The study subjects were 138 sedentary adults (87 women) aged 30.1 ± 13.6 years. Based on their body mass index, subjects were categorized as being of normal weight (n = 66), overweight (n = 48), or obese (n = 24). MFO and Fatmax were determined for all subjects by indirect calorimetry, using a walking graded exercise test. MFO was expressed in absolute terms (g/min) and relative to whole-body lean mass (mg/kgleanmass/min). Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed via a maximal treadmill test.

Results

No differences in absolute MFO and Fatmax values were seen between the obese, normal weight, and overweight subjects (all P > 0.2), although after adjusting for cardiorespiratory fitness, the obese subjects returned significantly higher values than did their normal weight and overweight counterparts (all P < 0.03). However, when expressed with respect to lean mass, the MFO of the normal weight subjects was significantly greater than that of the overweight and obese subjects, independent of age, sex, or cardiorespiratory fitness.

Conclusions

Obese individuals have higher absolute MFO values when cardiorespiratory fitness is taken into account, but when expressed with respect to lean mass, normal weight individuals show a greater capacity to oxidize fat during exercise per unit of metabolically active tissue independent of age, sex, or cardiorespiratory fitness. These findings suggest that obese individuals may suffer from metabolic inflexibility during exercise.
Serum Endocannabinoid Levels in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Moradi Hamid , Park Christina , Igarashi Miki , Streja Elani , Argueta Donovan A , Soohoo Melissa , Daglian Jennifer , You Amy S , Rhee Connie M , Kashyap Moti L , DiPatrizio Nicholas V , Vaziri Nosratola D , Kalantar-Zadeh Kamyar , Piomelli Daniele
Published: August 2019

Context

Previous studies have shown that the endocannabinoid system plays a major role in energy metabolism through the actions of its main mediators, 2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol (2-AG) and anandamide (AEA).

Objective

We examined serum levels of major endocannabinoid mediators and their association with clinical parameters in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Design and Setting

Serum concentrations of 2-AG and AEA were measured in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) and controls, and correlations with various clinical and laboratory indices were examined. 2-AG was also measured in age and sex-matched healthy subjects for comparison of levels in patients undergoing MHD.

Main Outcome Measure

Serum 2-AG.

Results

Serum 2-AG levels were significantly elevated in patients with ESRD compared with healthy controls. Higher levels of 2-AG were found in patients on MHD compared to healthy subjects, and similar findings were seen in a second set of subjects in independent analyses. Among 96 patients on MHD, 2-AG levels correlated significantly and positively with serum triglycerides (ρ = 0.43; P < 0.0001), body mass index (ρ = 0.40; P < 0.0001), and body anthropometric measures and negatively with serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ρ = −0.33; P = 0.001) following adjustment for demographic and clinical variables.

Conclusions

In patients on MHD, levels of serum 2-AG, a major endocannabinoid mediator, were increased. In addition, increasing serum 2-AG levels correlated with increased serum triglycerides and markers of body mass. Future studies will need to evaluate the potential mechanisms responsible for these findings.
Combover interacts with the axonemal component Rsp3 and is required for sperm individualization
Authors: Steinhauer Josefa , Statman Benjamin , Fagan Jeremy K. , Borck Jacob , Surabhi Satya , Yarikipati Prathibha , Edelman Daniel , Jenny Andreas
Published: August 2019

Gamete formation is key to survival of higher organisms. In male animals, spermatogenesis gives rise to interconnected spermatids that differentiate and individualize into mature sperm, each tightly enclosed by a plasma membrane. In Drosophila melanogaster, individualization of sister spermatids requires the formation of specialized actin cones that synchronously move along the sperm tails, removing inter-spermatid bridges and most of the cytoplasm. Here we show that Combover (Cmb), originally identified as an effector of Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) under control of Rho kinase, is essential for sperm individualization. cmb mutants are male sterile, with actin cones that fail to synchronously move along the flagella, despite being correctly formed and polarized initially. These defects are germline autonomous, independent of PCP genes, and can be rescued by wild-type Cmb, but not by a version of Cmb in which known Rho kinase phosphorylation sites are mutated. Furthermore, Cmb binds to the axonemal component Radial spoke protein 3, knockdown of which causes similar individualization defects, suggesting that Cmb coordinates the individualization machinery with the microtubular axoneme.
The S. pombe adaptor protein Bbc1 regulates localization of Wsp1 and Vrp1 during endocytic actin patch assembly
Authors: MacQuarrie Cameron Dale , Mangione MariaSanta C. , Carroll Robert , James Michael , Gould Kathleen L. , Sirotkin Vladimir
Published: August 2019

Arp2/3 complex-nucleated branched actin networks provide the key force necessary for endocytosis. The Arp2/3 complex is activated by nucleation-promoting factors including the Schizosaccharomyces pombe Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein (Wsp1) and myosin-1 (Myo1). There are >40 known yeast endocytic proteins with distinct spatial and temporal localizations and functions; however, it is still unclear how these proteins work together to drive endocytosis. Here, we used quantitative live-cell imaging to determine the function of the uncharacterized S. pombe protein Bbc1. We discovered that Myo1 interacts with and recruits Bbc1 to sites of endocytosis. Bbc1 competes with the verprolin Vrp1 for localization to patches and association with Myo1, thus releasing Vrp1 and its binding partner Wsp1 from Myo1. Normally Myo1 remains at the base of the endocytic invagination and Vrp1–Wsp1 internalizes with the endocytic vesicle. However, in the absence of Bbc1, a portion of Vrp1–Wsp1 remains with Myo1 at the base of the invagination, and endocytic structures internalize twice as far. We propose that Bbc1 disrupts a transient interaction of Myo1 with Vrp1 and Wsp1 and thereby limits Arp2/3 complex-mediated nucleation of actin branches at the plasma membrane.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Rich and Stable Interlayer Porous Bamboo Carbon Sulfonic Acids Constructed by Silica Intercalation as Cheap and Robust Acid Catalysts
Authors: Chen Zengtian , Huang Ting , Feng Yao , Hu Wenwei , Mao Feng , Zhang Chao , Liu Yachun , Fu Zaihui
Published: August 2019

The rich and stable interlayer porous biomass carbon sulfonic acids (SBCSAs) pillared by silica were prepared conveniently using bamboo powder and water glass as main raw materials and investigated by a series of characterization techniques. Additionally, the acid catalysis performances of SBCSAs were evaluated using the hydrolysis of sucrose, the esterification of oleic acid with methanol and the alkylation of toluene with benzyl chloride. The results showed that 0.05–0.025 M acidic silica sols could be efficiently and uniformly intercalated into the interlayers between bamboo carbon (BC) nanosheets, yielding the silica-pillared BC materials (SBCs) with rich interlayer slit-like pores after dehydration at 350 °C. Moreover, the porosity of SBCs could be very well kept after further sulfonation with concentrated sulfuric acid. The newly constructed SBCSA materials exhibited higher catalysis efficiency and better reusability for the above acid-catalyzed reactions than the non-pillared BCSA and commercial Amberlyst-15, which should be due to the overall improvements relating to their structure, porosity and acidity, as supported by BET, TGA, STEM-EDS and solid-state 31P MAS NMR spectra of adsorbed TMPO. This work opens up a new voyage for the fabrication of porous bio-based solid acids with good catalysis properties and extensive application prospect.
Free Flap Transplantation on the repair of defects caused by oral and maxillofacial tumors resection
Authors: Dai Xuemei , Li Pengchong , Xu Haiyan
Published: August 2019

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of free flap transplantation on the repair of tissue defects after oral and maxillofacial malignant tumor resection and its effects on serum sialic acid (SA) and interleukin-2 (IL-2).

Methods: Fifty-eight patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors were enrolled and set as the observation group. After the tumor resection, free flap transplantation was performed for postoperative repair. The postoperative efficacy, adverse reactions and follow-up indicators were observed. Moreover, 55 patients with benign tumors were enrolled into the control group, and 55 healthy persons were set as the healthy group. The levels of SA and IL-2 of the three groups were detected.

Results: In the observation group, 55 patients were successfully repaired (94.83%); 15 patients had adverse reactions after surgery. The follow-up duration was two to four years, and 45 patients survived for three years, with a survival rate of 77.59%. Before treatment, the serum SA level of patients with oral malignant tumor was significantly higher than those of the control group and healthy group, while the IL-2 level was significantly lower than those of the other two groups, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The serum IL-2 level in the observation group one day and fourteen days after surgery was higher than that before surgery, while the serum SA level was lower than that before surgery; the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).

Conclusion: The application of free flap transplantation in the repair of postoperative tissue defects of oral and maxillofacial tumor resection is effective and has less complications, and the determination of both serum SA and IL-2 levels offers important references to recovery of patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors and prognosis evaluation.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.316

How to cite this:Dai X, Li P, Xu H. Free Flap Transplantation on the repair of defects caused by oral and maxillofacial tumors resection. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):1339-1343. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.316

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Work-related risk factors for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome among Majmaah University female touchscreen users
Authors: Mohammad Walaa Sayed
Published: August 2019

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms among female touchscreen users at Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia and to make a comparison for the wrist range of motion between probable CTS and non-CTS female touchscreen users.

Methods: Two hundred and twenty-two female touchscreen users were enrolled in the present study. Among this cohort, fifty-two were academic members, 40 were employees and 130 were undergraduates. A Digital Inclinometer device was used to assess ROM of the wrist movements. A computer-based questionnaire, Phalen’s test, and Tinel’s sign were used to investigate the presence of CTS symptoms. The study was conducted between November 2018 and February 2019 at Majmaah University.

Results: The prevalence of probable CTS was 34.2% among touchscreen users; the percent of probable CTS was significantly higher in undergraduates compared to other touchscreen users. There was a significant reduction in wrist flexion between the tested groups.

Conclusion: Female touchscreen users at Majmaah University tended to have a high-risk for CTS. Wrist ROM measurements, particularly wrist flexion, could be a beneficial indicator for anticipating deviations in wrist posture after long-term touchscreen use. It is necessary to consider the job nature, age, BMI, and duration of using touchscreen as risk factors for CTS symptoms.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.683

How to cite this:Mohammad WS. Work-related risk factors for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome among Majmaah University female touchscreen users. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):1221-1226. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.683

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Chicken feather hydrolysate as alternative peptone source for microbial cultivation
Authors: Akpor Oghenerobor B. , Odesola Damilola E. , Thomas Remilekun E. , Oluba Olarewaju M.
Published: August 2019

Background: Commercially available conventional growth media for the culture of microbes are expensive, hence the need for alternative cheaper sources. Livestock waste, in the form of feather and blood, are of value in biotechnology because of their high protein content. Hence the primary aim of this study was to produce a cheaper peptone alternative from chicken feather protein hydrolysate (CFPH) and blood meal (BM).

Methods: The growth of selected bacteria and fungi was monitored in different media prepared from varied concentrations of peptone, CFPH and BM in order to determine the combination that produced maximum growth. Five different media, namely 100% peptone (control), 100% BM, 40% peptone + 60% CFPH, 40% BM + 60% CFPH and 20% peptone + 20% BM + 60% CFPH were prepared and used for the study. The different media were inoculated with 1 ml of each test organism ( Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida carpophila, Candida tropicalis and Pichia kundriavzevii) and their growth monitored for 10 h.

Results: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Staphylococcus aureus grew best in the 100% peptone, Klebsiella pneumoniae grew best in 100 BM. The fungi species were observed to grow best in 100% peptone. The 60% CFPH + 40% peptone combination (CFPH obtained with precipitate of trichloroacetic acid (TCA), hydrochloric acid (HCl) and nitric acid (HNO 3) gave the best growth of E. coli.  The 60% CFPH + 40% peptone combination (CFPH obtained with precipitate of TCA) also gave the best growth of C. tropicalis and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Conclusions: Overall, the 60% CFPH + 40% peptone combination showed the most potential as an alternative to peptone, especially for E. coli.
Emerging therapies against infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Tümmler Burkhard
Published: August 2019

Infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been marked with the highest priority for surveillance and epidemiological research on the basis of parameters such as incidence, case fatality rates, chronicity of illness, available options for prevention and treatment, health-care utilization, and societal impact. P. aeruginosa is one of the six ESKAPE pathogens that are the major cause of nosocomial infections and are a global threat because of their capacity to become increasingly resistant to all available antibiotics. This review reports on current pre-clinical and clinical advances of anti-pseudomonal therapies in the fields of drug development, antimicrobial chemotherapy, vaccines, phage therapy, non-bactericidal pathoblockers, outer membrane sensitizers, and host defense reinforcement.
Expanding the Scope of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Strategizing Skill Development in the Indian Scenario
Authors: Sadasivan Anupama
Published: August 2019

India is transitioning demographically with a large population of youngsters. To harness this population trend into a „demographic dividend,‟ it is essential to enhance the skill level of our youth. The Government of India (GoI) has taken many proactive measures in this regard. „Skill India Campaign‟ is one such measure. Though India‟s corporate sector has also been contributing to skill training through its Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiative, the efforts have been few and far between. The first part of this paper explores the Skill scenario of India, and the role played by both Public and Private sector to address the current skill gap. The second part of the paper suggests a possible solution to address the „skill gap‟ through a proactive Public-private partnership (PPP) by implementing a remodelled CSR strategy. Government and corporate sector can work together in the skill training arena through CSR and make it a mutually beneficial, sustainable activity to develop India into a “skill capital” of the World. The potential advantages of such a partnership for each player involved are also explored in detail in this part.
Challenges of Parents with Two Intellectually Disabled Children
Authors: P X Francina , N S Tintu , Ivan Venishya
Published: August 2019

This study was conducted to assess the psycho-social problems faced by parents with more than one intellectually disabled child in Mangalapuram Panchayath of Trivandrum District, Kerala. The psycho-social elements considered for this qualitative study includes emotional adaptability of parents, the role of support systems and the precautions taken by the family after the birth of the first child. Data were collected from 5 cases selected from the 15 cases identified in Mangalapuram panchayath. The cases were purposively selected from parents having minimum two disabled children. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview guide as a tool. The difficulty faced by the families with two disabled children reveals multiple levels of stress when compared to families with typically developing children. Such families face problems ranging from financial aspects to the physical, psychological and social aspects, which in turn affect their quality of life.
Nuclear Challenges to India’s Security and its Response Strategy
Authors: Sethi Manpreet
Published: August 2019

This article analyses the three kinds of nuclear threats that India faces; Pakistan, China and nuclear terrorism. To counter Pakistan‟s nuclear threat against India‟s conventional military superiority, India‟s strategy has been assured retaliation in response to a „first use‟, irrespective of its yield or choice of target. Though, China‟s nuclear strategy is against the United States, it poses a considerable security threat to India. India has acquired a nuclear triad to be able to mount an effective second strike capability, reaching almost all the cities of China. To counter nuclear terrorism, India collaborates internationally to counter such challenges.
Insecurities and Human Rights Issues of People Affected by Development-Induced Displacement
Authors: Kumari Pinki
Published: August 2019

Development and displacement seem to be directly related to each other. As India is a densely populated country, any development project leads to the displacement of lakhs of people. Displacement is not just the physical relocation of displaced people but is also associated with social and economic consequences that disrupt the lives of people. The insecurities resulting from the same are manifold. They include human insecurity, social insecurity, economic insecurity, food insecurity, health insecurity, and gender-based insecurity. This paper briefly analyses the situation of displacement in India and reflects on the insecurities faced by the people displaced due to development projects.
Role of Government in Development of Sustainable Ecotourism in Karnataka
Authors: Naik Vinayak R , B C Sanjeevaiah
Published: August 2019

Ecotourism is a visit to the natural reserved areas like national parks, sanctuaries and biosphere reserves for sightseeing as tourism. The visit of reserved areas by the tourists, the entrepreneurs, the government and the host community, the major agencies or stakeholders in ecotourism, has created numerous effects in the field of ecology, socio-cultural, economic which are indefensible lots of time. Sustainability is also a sober concern. The current article inspects sustainability as an association with all its stakeholders and proposes on preserving equilibrium in the correlation which is necessary to achieve sustainability. The part of rule in attaining sustainability is surveyed and found that it helps in reinstating the essential stability in the association with the stakeholders in ecotourism.  Ecotourism in Karnataka is steadily qualified for the consideration of the tourists, the government and the entrepreneurs for clear motive. Karnataka has necessary prospective in ecotourism to cope up with the interests of the tourists, the entrepreneurs and the government but does sustainability study with  concern in the schedule of these organizations. An environmental law is one of the most effectual tools for executing sustainability; it needs plenty of provisions to institute synchronization between the stakeholders and hence the goal of sustainability in ecotourism remains unachievable.
Learning When to Stop Searching
Authors: Goldstein Daniel G. , McAfee R. Preston , Suri Siddharth , Wright James R.
Published: August 2019

In the classical secretary problem, one attempts to find the maximum of an unknown and unlearnable distribution through sequential search. In many real-world searches, however, distributions are not entirely unknown and can be learned through experience. To investigate learning in such settings, we conduct a large-scale behavioral experiment in which people search repeatedly from fixed distributions in a “repeated secretary problem.” In contrast to prior investigations that find no evidence for learning in the classical scenario, in the repeated setting we observe substantial learning resulting in near-optimal stopping behavior. We conduct a Bayesian comparison of multiple behavioral models, which shows that participants’ behavior is best described by a class of threshold-based models that contains the theoretically optimal strategy. Fitting such a threshold-based model to data reveals players’ estimated thresholds to be close to the optimal thresholds after only a small number of games.

This paper was accepted by Yuval Rottenstreich, judgment and decision making.
Integrating Dynamic Pricing with Inventory Decisions Under Lost Sales
Authors: Feng Qi , Luo Sirong , Shanthikumar J. George
Published: August 2019

Inventory-based pricing under lost sales is an important yet notoriously challenging problem in the operations management literature. The vast existing literature on this problem focuses on identifying optimality conditions for a simple management policy while restricting to special classes of demand functions and to the special case of single-period or long-term stationary settings. In view of the existing developments, it seems unlikely to find general, easy-to-verify conditions for a tractable optimal policy in a possibly nonstationary environment. Instead, we take a different approach to tackle this problem. Specifically, we refine our analysis to a class of intuitively appealing policies, under which the price is decreasing in the postorder inventory level. Using properties of stochastic functions, we show that, under very general conditions on the stochastic demand function, the objective function is concave along such price paths, leading to a simple base stock list price policy. We identify the upper and lower boundaries for a candidate set of decreasing price paths and show that any decreasing path outside of this set is always dominated by some inside the set in terms of profit performance. The boundary policies can be computed efficiently through a single-dimensional search. An extensive numerical analysis suggests that choosing boundary policies yields close-to-optimal profit—in most instances, one of the boundary policies indeed generates the optimal profit; even when they are not, the profit loss is very marginal.

This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, operations management.
Interdisciplinary work integrated learning: a pilot evaluation instrument
Authors: Ebbs Phillip , Gonzalez Prue , Miller Tony
Published: August 2019

Background:

Work integrated learning (WIL) activities—sometimes termed student placements, practice-based learning, cooperative education or workplace learning activities—are embedded into university course curricula to prepare students for future professional environments.

Aims:

This study evaluates an interdisciplinary and multiagency WIL activity undertaken by university students (n=14).

Methods:

Pre- and post-activity survey instruments were used to gain perspectives on student expectations and experiences relating to the WIL activity. The survey instruments were based on five common themes of quality within WIL activities.

Findings:

The WIL activity facilitated professionally relevant learning, delivered diverse experiences, and enabled the development of professionally meaningful relationships.

Discussion:

A pilot evaluation instrument for similar undergraduate paramedic WIL programmes is presented for further consideration. Limitations of the study are also discussed.
An out-of-hospital perspective on hyperventilation syndrome
Authors: Raphael Rebecca , Dippenaar Enrico
Published: August 2019

Overview

A variety of causes and conditions are associated with hyperventilation, including acute and chronic hyperventilation syndrome (HVS). The characteristics of HVS are not well defined but it results from a reduction in carbon dioxide and altered pH in the body from overbreathing. Symptoms vary between individuals but usually include altered sensations in the extremities, nausea and headache. Diagnosing patients with this condition can be difficult; diagnostic tools include the hyperventilation provocation test, voluntary overbreathing, the Nijmegen questionnaire and the exclusion of physiological causes in the acute situation. There are various prehospital patient presentations and differentiating between potential underlying causes is vital to appropriate treatment and patient safety. Treatments vary in nature, depending on the desired effect and the clinician's scope of practice. Some aim to reduce the frequency and intensity of attacks while others combat the attack when it strikes. This review briefly discusses some treatments available to a clinician with a basic skill level. Research with a focus on the out-of-hospital environment is recommended.
Sagittal radius of curvature, trochlea design and ultracongruent insert in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Ng Jimmy Wui Guan , Bloch Benjamin V. , James Peter J.
Published: August 2019

Multi radius (MR) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been associated with mid-flexion instability. Single radius (SR) TKA may provide better anteroposterior stability through single flexion axis and biomechanical advantage for quadriceps function. Medial pivot (MP) TKA and gradually reducing (GR) radius TKA produce better knee kinematics. Clinical outcomes are equivalent for SR, MR and MP TKA. Short-term studies have shown better clinical outcomes and kinematics for GR TKA. Thinner and narrow anterior flange, deeper trochlea groove and more anatomical trochlea design reduces patellofemoral complications in TKA Ultracongruent inserts provide comparable clinical outcomes to posterior-stabilized TKA and cruciate retaining TKA.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4:519-524. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180083
Review of synthetic strategies in the development of oxadiazine scaffolds
Authors: Pasha Mohammad Arif , Mondal Sumanta , Panigrahi Naresh
Published: August 2019

Heterocycles containing both oxygen and nitrogen are in a tremendous demand for their immense biological activities. Oxadiazines are the scaffolds shown pleasing activities like antibacterial, antifungal, anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory, locomotor, anticonvulsive, antiviral, antitumor, agricultural, insecticidal, nematocidal, miticidal, neurogenerative disorders like Alzheimer disease, blood disorders like anemia and plant regulation. Multiple syntheses of oxadiazine scaffolds like 1,2,4-oxadiazines, 1,2,5-oxadiazines, 1,3,4-oxadiazines, 1,3,5-oxadiazines have been summarized in the review. Several research chemists are making attempts to discover and introduce the new scaffolds for various diseases ailments in the present scenario. Here we made an attempt to introduce the scaffolds of substituted oxadiazines because a lesser amount of research was carried out on these nuclei.
Optimization of textile azo dye degradation by electrochemical oxidation using Box-Behnken Design
Authors: Oukili Kaouthar , Loukili Mohammed
Published: August 2019

Degradation of textile azo dye solutions containing Methyl Orange by anodic oxidation using an electrochemical reactor was studied. The combined effect of independent parameters (current intensity, initial pH and electrolysis time) on color removal efficiency was investigated and optimized using response surface methodology. A Box-Behnken design was successfully employed for experimental design. The obtained quadratic model was statistically tested using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results showed that the optimal operating conditions to achieve 98.51% efficiency for color removal were current intensity = 4.6 A, initial pH= 4 and electrolysis time = 65 min, at a dye concentration and temperature of 50 mg/L and 25 Â°C, respectively.
Influence of intensive rearing, continuous and rotational grazing systems of management on parasitic load of lambs
Authors: Ram Prasad M. S. , Sundaram S. Meenakshi , Gnanaraj P. Tensingh , Bandeswaran C. , Harikrishnan T. J. , Sivakumar T. , Azhahiannambi P.
Published: August 2019

Aim: A trial was conducted to assess the influence of parasitic load on the lambs reared under the intensive system, continuous grazing, and rotational grazing systems of management.

Materials and Methods: A total of thirty numbers of the undetermined breed of ewe lambs around 4-5 months of age were randomly selected and allotted to three treatment groups: T1 (intensive system - control), T2 (rotational grazing), and T3 (continuous grazing). The T1 group lambs were raised under a stall-fed system of management, the T2 group lambs were grazed under rotational grazing strategy in four paddocks of plot-A, while the T3 group lambs were continuously grazed in plot-B.

Results: At the end of the study, there was a highly significant difference (p=0.01) in the fortnightly strongyle egg count per gram (EPG) of feces among the lambs pertaining to the three treatment groups; the lambs in T3 had a higher strongyle EPG compared to T2 lambs. With regard to the overall reduction in EPG from the initial count, lambs under rotational grazing showed the maximum decrease of 54.52% compared to lambs under T3 (continuous grazing). There was a strong positive correlation noticed between the mean temperature of the day at each fortnight and the subsequent EPG at each fortnight with R2=0.87. There was a strong positive correlation noticed between mean FAMACHA® scores and the EPG with R2=0.84, R2=0.83, and R2=0.83 for T1, T2, and T3, respectively.

Conclusion: The grazing management with pasture rotation should be considered as a viable option for sustainable parasitic control in case of grazing-dependent livestock husbandry in India.
MAPA DE RECONHECIMENTO GEOLÓGICO DA BACIA DO RIO UBERABINHA (MG): PROCEDIMENTO EXPERIMENTAL UTILIZANDO COEFICIENTES DE CONCORDÂNCIA
Authors: Rosa Rafael Mendes , Ferreira Vanderlei de Oliveira , Brito Jorge Luis Silva
Published: August 2019

Os mapas geológicos, elementares a diversas finalidades, podem ser elaborados por meio da utilização de técnicas de geoprocessamento e geotecnologias como o Geographic Information System (GIS), sensoriamento remoto e o Global Positioning System (GPS). Essas ferramentas podem apresentar bons resultados, sobretudo com informações obtidas em campo, etapa indispensável quando utilizados coeficientes de concordância. Existem grupos de mapas geológicos definidos pela escala. Os mapas de reconhecimento, por exemplo, são confeccionados na escala de 1:250.000 ou menor. Assim, o presente artigo propõe um procedimento experimental para mapas de reconhecimento geológico, aplicado na bacia do rio Uberabinha (MG) com a reclassificação dos intervalos altimétricos a partir das cotas dos contatos litológicos captadas em campo por receptor GPS. O resultado foi comparado com o mapa geológico do Projeto Triângulo Mineiro em escala 1:100.000. Com esses mapas, foi analisada a qualidade de ambos por meio dos coeficientes de concordância total, Kappa e Tau, o que contribuiu para a elaboração de um mapa de reconhecimento geológico da área de estudo. Ressalta-se que esses procedimentos podem ser uma alternativa para a confecção de mapas geológicos em outras bacias hidrográficas em contextos geotectônicos semelhantes.
POLITICS OR PIETY? UNDERSTANDING PUBLIC PIETY AND POLITICAL EXPRESSIONS OF INDONESIAN MUSLIM IN ONLINE SPHERE
Authors: Salma Aqida Nuril
Published: August 2019

In today’s digital age, one of the most significant shifts in the field of Islam in Indonesia is the increasing reliance of Muslims on social media when practicing and expressing their faith and religiosity. The expressions generally reflected in the consumer behavior and everyday lives of Indonesian Muslims, with their preference for Islamic banking, Islamic schools, Islamic fashion, Islamic medicines and most importantly, today Indonesian Muslims like to present these practices on their social media accounts. However, public expressions of piety have been apparent in the political life of Indonesian Muslims as Indonesia’s political landscape has undergone significant changes after the controversy surrounding Jakarta Gubernatorial Election. Although religion has often been ignored as an important political factor, but it can’t be denied that both are actually the biggest public parts of many people’s lives. Therefore, this paper argues that political contexts are critical aspects of modern formations of piety. Based on online observations combined with computational method, this paper tries to analyzes intriguing examples of how social media, the religious, and the everyday politics intersect, focusing on contemporary expressions of piety through political attitudes in an online sphere.
HIJRAH ARTIS SEBAGAI KOMODIFIKASI AGAMA
Authors: Amna Afina
Published: August 2019

Hijrah yang berarti pindah saat ini menjadi role mode baru dalam masyarakat. Hijrah saat ini sering diartikan sebagai proses berpindah dari perilaku yang belum sesuai dengan syariat ke perilaku yang sesuai dengan syariat yang mana hal itu saat ini banyak dilakukan oleh para artis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah hijrah yang dilakukan para artis termasuk dalam komodifikasi agama? dan bagaimana masyarakat memaknai hijrah yang oleh dilakukan para artis? Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan melakukan observasi terhadap bagaimana artis tampil di berbagai media sosial setelah mereka berhijrah. Selain itu penulis melakukan observasi di masyarakat dan wawancara terhadap beberapa orang untuk melihat apakah hijrah yang dilakukan para artis memiliki dampak di masyarakat atau tidak. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori agen struktur dan agenda setting untuk mengetahui pengaruh terhadap dua hal tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu hijrah yang dilakukan para artis menjadi komodifikasi baru dengan menjadikan agama sebagai sesuatu yang diperjual-belikan. Selain itu masyarakat menganggap bahwa hijrahnya para artis dimaknai sebagai trend yang baru berkembang, untuk melakukan gimmick di media, cara untuk menaikkan popularitas, dan dimaknai sebagai sarana membuat sensasi.Kata kunci: Hijrah, Artis, Komodifikasi
PENGUATAN IDENTITAS DAN SEGREGASI SOSIAL KOMUNITAS EKS PENGUNGSI TIMOR TIMUR DI SUKABITETEK, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Soehadha Moh
Published: August 2019

The exodus of East Timorese refugees after the 1999 referendum to Indonesia left a problem till now. International refugee affairs agencies, the Indonesian government, and non-governmental organizations have helped repatriate refugees. But many refugees do not want to return and choose to stay in Indonesia, among them they choose to stay in the border area in Sukabitetek Village, Belu Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. In a study through an ethnographic approach to the former East Timorese refugee community in the following Sukabitetek, it was explained about strengthening identity and social segregation in the interaction between former East Timorese refugees and local people. Resettlement policies for refugees that are top down and tend to pay less attention to the needs of refugees cause social problems, namely land access, economy and education, economic and political commodification, and social conflict.
SRIKANDI LINTAS IMAN : Praktik Gerakan Perempuan dalam Menyuarakan Perdamaian di Yogyakarta
Authors: Wahyu Retno , Perdanawati Sari , Maulida Nur
Published: August 2019

Based on the research conducted by Setara Institute in 2017 shows that Yogyakarta is one of the ten intolerant cities in Indonesia. But this reality is inversely proportional to tourism promotion about Yogyakarta which always considered as a tolerant city. Problems regarding intolerance appear as an arena of identity contestation and refer to certain interests. As a result, intolerance arises not only in the form of utterances but also acts of violence, one of the issues that arises is intolerance towards groups of different religions. Among the discourses on intolerance, there are various movements of society that attempts jointly to realize tolerant values in the society. One of them is a women’s movement that known as Srikandi Lintas Iman, namely women are from various faiths (Islam, Christianity, Catholicism, Hinduism, Buddhism and Confucianism) who take part in voicing peace issues among the diversity of life in Yogyakarta. This study aims to explain the dynamics of the movement and the efforts that made by Srikandi Lintas Iman in voicing peace issues. This research will be conducted by using qualitative method through a phenomenological approach. This research will interview members of Srikandi Lintas Iman consisting of women with various educational, occupational and religious backgrounds.
ISLAM BERKEMAJUAN DAN STRATEGI DAKWAH PENCERAHAN UMAT
Authors: Qodir Zuly
Published: August 2019

This article to elaborate Progressive Islam from Muhammadiyah. Muhammadiyah was born 18 November 1918, it is the most popular in Indonesia contribute an Islamisation. Muhammadiyah movement can know dakwah Islam amar ma’ruf nahi munkar for community with Wasahtiyah Islam (moderate Muslim). That it is progressive Islam idea the same as with Indonesia Context. What it is portrait and process Islamic dakwah from Muhammadiyah and enlightenment it is focus this article. Method from article base on literature review, from the books, journal, and article. This is article encourage and push Islam progressive in society from early Muhammadiyah founded with dakwah bil lisan (speech) and bil amal (work). Tulisan ini hendak mengelaborasi gagasan tentang Islam Berkemajuan yang dialamatkan kepada Muhammadiyah. Sudah dikenal public bahwa Muhammdiyah yang berdiri 18 November 1918, telah berkontribusi pada perkembangan Islam Indonesia. Gerakan Muhammadiyah dikenal dalam bidang dakwah amar ma’ruf nahi munkar dengan membawa Islam washatiyyah. Islam washatiyah merupakan gagasan yang sesuai dengan pandangan Muhammadiyah dengan dakwah Islam Berkemajuan dalam konteks Islam Indonesia. Tulisan ini didasarkan atas kajian kepustakaan, baik jurnal, artikel atau pun buku yang dianalisis secara naratif. Dari kajian yang dilakukan Muhammadiyah telah memiliki gagasan Islam Berkemajuan dalam mengembangkan dakwah sejak berdirinya, kemudian dilakukan secara terus menerus dalam mengembangkan dakwah pencerahan pada umat (masyarakat) melalui dakwah bil lisan dan bil amal.
Transduction matrix to enable sensor-less application of DC motor
Authors: Tanra Ivan , Ling Shih-fu
Published: August 2019

Sensorless technology is one of the popular topic in motor industry. The aim is to reduce number of sensor and sensor size in the system. One of the method to achieve this sensor-less application of a motor is thru transduction matrix method. Transduction matrix is a 2x2 matrix that show the relationship between electrical input and mechanical output  of the motor. By obtaining the transduction matrix of a chosen motor, the mechanical output of the motor can be calculated from its electrical input. This paper explains the theory behind and the method to obtain the transduction matrix of a DC motor. The DC motor is chosen because it is the common motor in industry.