bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From Displacement to Entrepreneurship
Authors: Ardila Javier Andrés Reyes , Castro Omar Alonso Patiño , Arias Catalina Lucía Ruiz , Pérez Paula Echeverry
Published: February 2021

The violence that hits Colombia for more than 50 years forced many people, families, and communities to leave their original territories and seek refuge in the principal cities, especially in Bogotá, where displaced people from various regions of the country arrived. Victims of this situation, the Wounaan-Nonam community, were relocated in the periphery of Bogotá, under challenging conditions, some without the necessary infrastructure to live with a minimum quality of life standards, and in a completely different context and culture than the one they were used to live. This research seeks to help artisan women for developing production processes around Wérregue products. As a result, this community will improve their productivity, structure their organization, define marketing strategies, and promote their sustainability and growth while protecting and respect their cultural essence and heritage to generate higher and sustainable income for the artisans.
Risk Management for Traditional and Innovative Contracts
Authors: Shalan Omar A.
Published: February 2021

Risk management is a very crucial aspect in contracting; it has been an issue since the early days. This is becoming more and more challenging as new dimensions have entered the arena. With a lot of stakeholders working together to produce value, this includes contracts, providers, customers, and end users. The risk management paradigm has shifted and transformed multiple times in the recent years. This chapter is trying to touch on the risks associated with traditional contracts, then move ahead to suggest a design model for risks in innovative contracts. In between, the chapter is touching on points related to outsourcing and governance.
The Effect of Innovative Contracts on the Business Behaviors in the Context of IoT
Authors: Baselm Saeed
Published: February 2021

Digital transformation using emerging technologies such as internet of things (IoT) is transforming the way business is conducted within industrial value chains. Consequently, business model innovation and the transition to networked business model are required. Yet, many gaps are being researched to analyze how industrial companies can leverage digital transformation to transform their business models to achieve sustainability benefits. Typically, issues related to value creation and the delivery of business models require more clarification. It is also important to recognize how these components integrate to the sustainability of industrial initiatives. The main objective of this chapter is to pave the way for business behaviors associated with internet of things environment and the related innovative contracts. The discussions and conclusions discussed here will help organizations to establish a long-term, complex relationships with their suppliers, customers, and other value chain actors.
Contract Guidelines and Scope Building for Digital Transformation and ERP Projects
Authors: A. Raouf Mohamed
Published: February 2021

When an organization decides that it is time to invest in a digital transformation journey or even in an enterprise resource planning (ERP) software, it is going to make a big decision. This will significantly impact most elements that contribute to its success and growth. Organized and structured planning and preparation will be required from different aspects. This chapter describes the key success—or failure—factors in implementation focusing on small and medium enterprises (SMEs). SMEs usually have limited time, resources, skills, and budget compared to large firms. Throughout the journey of transformation, they need to focus on scoping and contracting phases distinguishing between digital transformation and regular information technology contracts. This chapter defines the building blocks to have a successful transformation. Contracting and scoping are considered at the heart of managing the complete digital transformation journey.
The Role of Information Professionals in South Africa in the Provision of Information During COVID-19
Authors: Netshakhuma Nkholedzeni Sidney
Published: February 2021

The study sought to assess the role of information professionals in the provision information about the spread of COVID-19 in South Africa with the views of recommending best practices of disseminating public information. The qualitative approach was utilized to collect data from information officers. The researcher found that the majority of the public were not utilizing the information centre because of lack of awareness of information resource centre preserved by an information resource centre. The review found that information resources were not providing access to information centre effectively due to staff who lack appropriate skills and knowledge on public health awareness. It also appears that inadequate budget allocation to conduct public health awareness was lacking. Public awareness should be conducted in the Mpumalanga Provincial government. The research findings shed new lights on the perspective that information professional plays an essential role in promoting public health awareness.
Impact of Information and Communication Technology in the Indian Education System During COVID-19
Authors: Sinha Keshav , PriyaDarshani Manu
Published: February 2021

Knowledge has become power for every nation in the 21st century. Information and communication become important sources for the transformation of any human civilization. Lack of information affects society and development. Evolution plays an important role in biological development, but the information will enhance the social development of the human being. In the digital era, information and communication technology (ICT) guides in various areas like education, army, business, etc. Here, in this chapter, the authors represent some of the facts of ICT in the field of education in India. During COVID-19, Indian education system faces lots of challenges, and ICT plays a major role to cope with these problems. The work of ICT is to distribute education in every field without any prioritization.
A Study on Evolutionary Technique to Predict the Sales During COVID-19
Authors: PriyaDarshani Manu , Sinha Mohan Prasad , Sinha Keshav
Published: February 2021

COVID-19 has affected the growth of every industry; in the meantime, an enormous amount of demand is present in the field of telecom and automobiles. In this chapter, the authors present case studies based on sales prediction for the Indian market. The analysis of the study is based on the various traditional methods like growth rate (GR), percentage growth rate (PGR), and the evolutionary techniques like genetic algorithms (GA). The data are collected for the report of telecommunication and heavy industry ministry (Republic of India). The results are used to analyze the sale of automobiles and telecommunication devices and to predict the growth at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. The prediction is used to identify the upcoming sale and counterparts with demand.
Entrepreneurship Innovations and Knowledge Economy
Authors: Lawan Sagir
Published: February 2021

This chapter aims to provide fresh insights into entrepreneurship innovation to the retirees of the Nigerian military from the perspective of an ex-serviceman (a retired military person). The chapter's methodology focused on the articulation of experiences and meanings, which is guided by the events in the author's life, recounting life circumstances and events located in a specific time and space. Consequently, the chapter examines the entrepreneurial opportunities for retired Nigerian military personnel vis-a-vis the challenges faced by veterans when engaging in entrepreneurship. The chapter also discusses the entrepreneurship issues to be considered before becoming an entrepreneur. The chapter further postulates on information and communication technology (ICT) skills as key requirements for those who want to become an entrepreneur in post-service life. Finally, it is suggested that prior knowledge on innovative entrepreneurship before the start of a business results in successful sustained retirement income.
Prelude to Military Entrepreneurship in China
Authors: Yu Hongjun , Gao Yang , Liu Jiancheng , Huang Qingan
Published: February 2021

The prior studies form a solid foundation for the emerging research on military entrepreneurship in China. This chapter is dedicated to providing a detailed review on the evolution of Chinese disarmament, with a focus on military-civilian transfer and settlement of demobilized military staffs. Such a review comprehensively lays backgrounds for Chinese military entrepreneurship and thus is expected to serve as a prelude to the emerging research in this area.
Military Veterans “Sign Up” for Franchising
Authors: Cumberland Denise M.
Published: February 2021

The franchise business model has proven particularly attractive to veterans. When former soldiers become franchisees, they sign up to follow the game plan of the franchisor, but they must apply their own personal aptitudes, skills, and training to ensure their entrepreneurial venture succeeds. This chapter explores the practitioner and academic literature to identify why franchising is attractive to veterans as well as how the franchise sector encourages those with prior military experience to enlist. The chapter also examines whether veterans are satisfied with their decision to become franchisees and identifies which franchise systems are rated “best” for veterans. Finally, the chapter offers thoughts about global research that is needed to help franchise systems be a gateway for veterans to pursue their dream of business ownership.
Incentive-Based Scheduling for Green Computational Grid
Authors: Jung Low Tang , Haruna Ahmed Abba
Published: February 2021

In the computing grid environment, jobs scheduling is fundamentally the process of allocating computing jobs with choices relevant to the available resources. As the scale of grid computing system grows in size over time, exponential increase in energy consumption is foreseen. As such, large data centers (DC) are embarking on green computing initiatives to address the IT operations impact on the environment. The main component within a computing system consuming the most electricity and generating the most heat is the microprocessor. The heat generated by these high-performance microprocessors is emitting high CO2 footprint. Therefore, jobs scheduling with thermal considerations (thermal-aware) to the microprocessors is important in DC grid operations. An approach for jobs scheduling is proposed in this chapter for reducing electricity usage (green computing) in DC grid. This approach is the outcome of the R&D works based on the DC grid environment in Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Malaysia.
Maximizing Cost Efficiencies in Agricultural Supply Chains in Pakistan Using Smart Technologies
Authors: Irfan Sayed Muhammed , Azam Mehreen Kausar
Published: February 2021

This chapter introduces the idea of integrating storage facilities in an agriculture supply chain within the established framework of supply chain network design to leverage the underlying powerful optimization technology for maximizing supply chain surplus. Further, storage facilities, particularly for perishable farm products, require to be maintained at certain ambient conditions to retain their quality. Currently, adequate storage facilities do not exist at strategic locations which incur very substantial post-harvest losses. The idea of solar-powered storage systems with a modular configuration has also been proposed. There are two principal reasons for this: (1) Pakistan has enormous solar power potential, and (2) there are rampant load-shedding problems in the country. While tomatoes have been selected as a typical product to develop the entire discourse, the resulting integrated model may be just as conveniently applied to any other agricultural product.
Developments of Renewable Energy
Authors: Ashaye Olusoyi Richard , Alharahsheh Husam Helmi , Pius Abraham
Published: February 2021

The chapter is exploring and investigating key definitions and principles of renewable energy highlighting key distinctions between sustainable energy source and renewables, key associated theories of renewable energy such as diffusion theory, and drivers and barriers to renewable energy good practice guidelines. Furthermore, the chapter would focus on strategy, priority and monitoring, and evaluation policies to further provide clarity on how renewable energy is being implemented in practice. The chapter also discusses key dynamic aspects of deployment to further enable success of renewable energy adoption. The chapter is based on reviewing the published literature in the field, as well as other related publications such as professional reports to enhance relatedness to recent updates in policy and practice. The chapter provides key findings and recommendations on the role renewables play in dealing with climate change both in interim and long run, influences on policies, and incentives that would shape its deployment.
A Case Study of Investigation of Crime Management System Using ICT
Authors: Saeed Soobia , Jhanjhi N. Z. , Naqvi Mehmood , Ahmed Shakeel , Humayun Mamoona , Ponnusamy Vasaki
Published: February 2021

Keeping the recent history of Anti Narcotic Force with accused records has been a growing concern for the agency. Nature of Addiction (NA) has witnessed a number of cases which resulted in death just because of mismanagement of records files. The author concludes the result of the software with a greater potential for new features. The author, therefore, considered also the possibility to add a secure way to authenticate the user. This chapter applies the idea of emancipation to apprehend the usage of management system amongst crime investigation in city and rural regions related to ICT and era; the author examines the Karachi Provincial Office for the Nature of Addiction (NA) and centers the product on keeping records of the accused and their employees' information through Excel sheets and paper files, which are managed by the mill to handle and keep each of the records by ordering.
Research on Earnings Management
Authors: Vieira Elisabete S. , Madaleno Mara , Azevedo Graça
Published: February 2021

This chapter intends to contribute to the analysis and comparison of the earnings management (EM) practices through a bibliometric review of the existent literature, in order to understand the current state of EM research, as well as to identify the main determinants for these kind of practices in firms. Although there are extensive research on EM, no recent study tries to update the current state of the research over this topic. To do so, a bibliometric analysis is conducted. The study describes the evolutional research studies published in the digital library Scopus, between 2010 and 2019, and compares the results obtained in evolutionary terms. It ends up concentrating the bibliometric analysis in the Scopus database, leading to a total database of 2,377 documents. Regarding the most recent articles published, the years of 2019 and 2020 were studied, ending with a final sample of 389 articles. Research avenues are provided based on these results and more recent published articles regarding EM.
Bi-Level Programming for Earning Management in Imprecise and Random Environments
Authors: Singh Vishnu Pratap
Published: February 2021

Organizations striving in today's environment of active technological and business transformations are confronted with the difficulties of “twofoldness,” that is, performing efficiently in the present while innovating effectively for the future. Administrators inside these organizations not only have to concentrate on the business benefit and profitability of each of their authorized commodities and services but must also guarantee their ability to introduce into next-generation contributions that output properties that will maintain and even enhance their renewed global competitiveness. The surprisingly fast breakdown of so many probably great companies over the last decade gives an extensive declaration to the consequence of accomplishing this dualism. In this chapter, to deal with this dualism, the authors consider a fuzzy stochastic bi-level programming problem in the mathematical models. The fuzziness and randomness concept has been taken care of by the fuzzy random variable as the parameter of the bi-level programming problem. A two-stage approach has been defined to solve the problem.
The Social Responsibility of the Firm
Authors: Nascimento Alvaro
Published: February 2021

This chapter pursues a normative approach to corporate governance, bridging economic theory on the nature of the firm and corporate management strategy. It intends to show that from a welfare economics perspective there is room for improvement if governments are willing to revisit the legal framework and redesign the institutional boundaries of the firm. In concrete, echoing concerns being put forward by the World Economic Forum and other international organisations, it is proposed that the social accountability of the modern corporation and its institutional boundaries should be revisited on legal grounds. A new role for top management is advanced in the context of principal-agent theory.
Digital University-SME Interaction for Business Development
Authors: Lundberg Heléne , Öberg Christina
Published: February 2021

This chapter describes and discusses the role of e-learning for small and medium-sized firms' (SME) business development and does so specifically in university-SME interaction related to sparsely populated regions. It is based on the idea that e-learning may provide a valuable means for developing knowledge creation and expansion beyond its educational connotation. A university-SME interaction focusing on business development of firms in remote geographical areas provides ideas on the benefits of e-learning not only for the interaction to be realized, but for the creation of flexibility, interactivity, and the bringing down of guards among the participants. The chapter contributes to previous research through tying together ideas on e-learning, university-SME interaction and business development, and by extending the e-learning concept. Practically, the case study may function as the inspiration for further initiatives.
Seismic Evaluation of a Profile of Volcanic Ash From the South American Andes
Authors: Mendoza Cristhian , Ramos Richard Andrés , Calle Oscar Correa
Published: February 2021

Although soils derived from volcanic ash are only a small portion of the soils that cover the world's surface, cities have developed on some of these soils. This makes their study interesting, especially since soils derived from volcanic ash have special characteristics including a high void ratio, liquid limits that can be greater than 100%, and shear wave velocities close to 150 m/s. Cities on these soils in the South American Andes are in areas with frequent and intense seismic activity making an understanding of how earthquakes affect these soils a matter of importance. This paper analyzes site response by the equivalent linear method, taking into account the variability of these soils. The Monte Carlo method was used for degradation of the shear modulus and damping curves. The results of this study show factors that amplify spectral acceleration can cause this measurement to become greater than four. In addition, the authors found that maximum spectral accelerations are functions of high plasticity indexes whose influence increases when shear wave velocities are between 175 and 225m/s.
Adapting the RE-AIM Framework to Evaluate the Impact of a Multi-Disciplinary Patient Care Transfer Pathway
Authors: Hayes Catherine , Graham Yitka
Published: February 2021

This article reports on the use of a RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance) framework hybrid adaptation as a methodological approach to the evaluation of the implementation of a hospital transfer pathway (HTP) product (‘Red Bag'). In particular, it provides an insight into why functional adaptation of the RE-AIM model was necessary in the context of the work undertaken. Data analysis was guided by original principles of the RE-AIM framework, which is a recognised tool for understanding impact of an intervention in establishing a newly adapted hybrid model of implementation. Outcomes of the study were used to reflexively inform future working relationships between multi-agency partners in care.
A Student Advising System Using Association Rule Mining
Authors: Shatnawi Raed , Althebyan Qutaibah , Ghaleb Baraq , Al-Maolegi Mohammed
Published: February 2021

Academic advising is a time-consuming activity that takes a considerable effort in guiding students to improve student performance. Traditional advising systems depend greatly on the effort of the advisor to find the best selection of courses to improve student performance in the next semester. There is a need to know the associations and patterns among course registration. Finding associations among courses can guide and direct students in selecting the appropriate courses that leads to performance improvement. In this paper, the authors propose to use association rule mining to help both students and advisors in selecting and prioritizing courses. Association rules find dependences among courses that help students in selecting courses based on their performance in previous courses. The association rule mining is conducted on thousands of student records to find associations between courses that have been registered by students in many previous semesters. The system has successfully generated a list of association rules that guide a particular student to select courses. The system was validated on the registration of 100 students, and the precision and recall showed acceptable prediction of courses.
Research on Disruptive Technology Recognition of China's Electronic Information and Communication Industry Based on Patent Influence
Authors: Jia Weifeng , Xie Yongping , Zhao Yanan , Yao Ke , Shi Hui , Chong Dazhi
Published: February 2021

This paper adopts the knowledge map method and selects the field of mobile communication technology and wireless communication technology to represent the electronic information and communication industry for disruptive technology recognition. Through the analysis of keyword co-occurrence network and keyword frequency changes in the relevant literature of CNKI from January 2000 to April 2018 by CiteSpace software, this paper constructs a disruptive technology identification framework for China's electronic information and communications industry from the perspective of technological frontier and technological breakthrough. Using DeWinter Patent Database as the patent data source, this paper further verifies 5G technology and internet of things (IoT) technology from the perspective of patent impact. Finally, the roadmap of disruptive technology development in China's electronic information and communication industry is proposed to provide reference for the follow-up research of China's electronic information and communication industry's disruptive technology.
Evaluation of Recurrent Neural Network Based on Indonesian Speech Synthesis for Small Datasets
Authors: Prihasto Bima , Azhar Nur Fajri
Published: February 2021

The recurrent neural network (RNN) application when it comes to audio and speech processing in the case of Indonesian-language voice data is rarely done now. This is important because Indonesian languages have different characteristics from foreign languages. So in this case we try to evaluate a number of methods in RNN to make speech synthesis in Indonesian. In this research we use objective measurements, the results we get that LSTM generally produces better sound quality than GRU. While the derivative of GRU, MGU2 gets the best results in the model training time.
Factors Analysis for Risk Perception in Fabrication Work
Authors: Hardiyanti Mega Rahayu , Dewi Ratna Sari
Published: February 2021

Accidents in industry is not only cause damage, but also economic losses for the company. One of the causes of accidents is the reduced safety performance of workers. One cause of the lack of safety performance is still lack of understanding in analyzing hazards in the workplace and also discussing safety risk perception. Related research proves that a considerable amount of damage has been found associated with inaccurate safety risk perception. In fabrication work, with the characteristics of work that monotonous position of working, causing musculoskeletal disorders that become of the hazard that need to be considered. Safety performance is also related to safety culture. Safety culture is not only related to institutional and safety policies, but also related to the structural and contextual aspects of the organization. Therefore, the researcher emphasizes to study the combination of personality traits, body pain, and organizational hierarchies on safety risk perception in the field of fabrication work by modeling using SEM. The purpose of this study is to consider about safety risk perception in fabrication work for safety management system that is implemented. Meanwhile for further research, it is expected that the developed model can be used as a guide in developing safety research.
The Influence of Energy Released and Machine Performance on the Yield of Biochar from Jengkok Tobacco Processed Using Pyrolysis
Authors: Iskandar Taufik , Fitri Ayu Chandra Kartika , Anggraini SP. Abrina
Published: February 2021

The pyrolysis process of jengkok tobacco is influenced by the quality of the raw material, production machine, process parameters and production yield standards. Optimal process requires efficiency and effectiveness of the usage of energy and machine, because all of those affect the quantity and quality of the end products. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of energy released and machine performance on the percentage of Jengkok Biochar Yield produced through the pyrolysis process. The primary data was obtained directly from the production process. Variables used were temperature (510°C, 515°C, 520°C) and processing time (30 minutes, 35 minutes, 40 minutes). This study found that the most efficient energy required was at the temperature of 520°C and 35 minutes time period, so that the energy released decreased while the machine performance increased and the % yield was higher.
The Feasibility of Using Micro Silica Sand Powder as Partial Replacement of Cement in Production of Roller Compacted Concrete
Authors: Ali Khan Zahraa Alaa M.A. , Abbas Zena K.
Published: February 2021

Roller compacted concrete (RCC) is a special type of concrete with zero or even negative slump consistency. In this work, it had aimed to produce an RCC mix suitable for roads paving with minimum cost and better engineering properties so, different RCC mixes had prepared i.e. (M1, M2, M3, and M4) using specified percentages of micro natural silica sand powder (SSP) as partial replacement of (0%, 5%, 10%, and 20%) by weight of sulfate resistant Portland cement. Additionally, M-sand, crushed stone, filler, and water had been used. The results had obtained after 28 days of water curing. The control mix (M1) had satisfied the requiredf ‘cwith accepted results for the other tests. M2 mix with SSP of 5% had achieved the highest results. Thef ’cfor sawed cubes of (10*10*10) cm had increased by 2.26% and 3.16% when tested in directions (ꓕ and //) to the direction of loading respectively.Rresults for sawed prisms of (38*10*10) cm had increased by 8.78% and 8.43% when tested on top and bottom faces respectively. The density had increased by 1.04% while the absorption and volume of permeable voids had decreased by 8.11% and 7.83% respectively. The UPV results had also increased by 2.44% and 0.81% for cubes and prisms respectively when compared to the control mix. M3 mix with SSP of 10% had also achieved satisfactory results when compared to the control mix.
The Properties of Cement Mortar Reinforced by Pistachio Shells Fibre
Authors: Al Karawi Mohammed Qasim , Al Karawi Rasha Jasim , Merawi Borhan Tumadhir
Published: February 2021

Pistachio shells (PS) are one of the agricultural wastes, that are considered as economic and wide available material. It has some features that encourage using it to produce lightweight concrete and cement mortar. The essential objective of the current investigation is to evaluate the possibility of incorporating PS as a fibre in the cement mortar and the effect on its properties. Four different fibre percentages (0%, 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% by volume of cement) were examined. After curing the samples for 7 and 28 days, the fundamental properties of the cement mortars, including splitting tensile and compressive strengths I addition to the density, were determined and compared. The results revealed that the optimum content of the pistachio shells fibre lies between 0.5% and 1% where the splitting tensile and compressive strengths increased and the mortar’s density reduced at age of 28 days.
Thermoplastic Polymer Selection for Optimal Thermal Efficiency of Composite Syrup Vessel
Authors: Sharba Mohaiman J. , Al-Mostaaf Mohammed J.
Published: February 2021

Material selection is one of the vital and critical steps in the mechanical design process. In recent times, various tools based on the multi-criteria decision-making process are used successfully to cope with such complexity in material selection. .This work provides appropriate methods and tools to find the optimum thermoplastic polymer reinforced natural fiber composites. The material selection applied using a decision-making model that consists of the „Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution“ (TOPSIS) and „Vlsekriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje“ (VIKOR) methods in order to rank of the materials according to applied criteria. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was performed in order to determine the weighting of the material properties or criteria. Rank the materials were gained by using ranking scores as results of the methods use. The results offer that the best polymers were found to be the LDPE and Nylon 6,6. It was proved that the multi-criteria decision-making model is an application for solving complex material choice decision problems. This model can be applied to other engineering applications with any number of alternatives and criteria for material selection.
Highly Selective Etching between Different Oxide Films by Vapor Phase Cleaning
Authors: Nishihara Kazuki , Inaba Masaki , Takahashi Hiroaki
Published: February 2021

VPC (Vapor Phase Cleaning) is studied to etch various types oxide film using a mixture of HF gas and H2O vapor. We focused on controlling the amount of gas molecules adsorbed on the oxide surface and investigated the H2O amount included in oxide films, which will contribute to the oxide etching reaction. We have verified that selective etching between different oxide films can be achieved by controlling the gas adhesion amount by varying process parameters and utilizing the different amounts of H2O in the oxide films for several deposition methods.
Polydimethylsiloxane Micro-Channels Application for the Study of Dynamic Wetting of Nano-Etched Silicon Surfaces Based on Acoustic Characterization Method
Authors: Salhab Abbas Ramez , Carlier Julien , Campistron Pierre , Neyens Marc , Toubal Malika , Nongaillard Bertrand , Thomy Vincent
Published: February 2021

Efficient cleaning of contaminations in the semiconductor industry is a determining factor in ensuring the good quality of the electronics products. We present here the dynamic wetting characterization of a fluid on top of DTI structures using ultra-high frequency acoustic method. The dynamics of the fluid will be established using a PDMS micro-channel placed on top of the structures, in order to obtain conditions as close as possible to those used in the industrial process. Wetting state of the DTI structures is determined based on the measured acoustic reflection coefficient.
Simulation of Rayleigh Bubble Growth near a No-Slip Rigid Wall
Authors: Tanaka Tomoya , Ando Keita
Published: February 2021

In order to study the role of growing cavitation bubbles in the context of ultrasonic cleaning, we perform two-dimensional, axisymmetric Navier-Stokes simulation for compressible, multicomponent flow and examine the so-called Rayleigh growth of an air bubble (with initial radius 33 µm and pressure 10 MPa) near a rigid wall. The simulation suggests that strong shear stress, which is important in physical cleaning such as particle removal, appears as a result of the bubble-growth-induced shock passage. The parametric study with varying a standoff distance of the bubble to the wall shows that the wall shear stress linearly decreases against the standoff distance.
Nodule Deformation of PVA Roller Brushes on a Rotating Plate: Optimum Cleaning for Nanosized Particles due to Liquid Absorption and Desorption of Sponge Deformation
Authors: Miyaki Tsubasa , Mizushima Yuki , Hamada Satomi , Koshino Ryota , Fukunaga Akira , Sanada Toshiyuki
Published: February 2021

It is very difficult to remove extremely small particles from the surface of the wafer. Here, we proposed a new cleaning strategy using brush scrubbing, namely, nodule deformation induced fluid flow. Liquid absorption and desorption due to brush deformation enhance the mixing of liquids containing small particles. In this study, we developed a setup that reproduced the actual movement of PVA roller brushes on a rotating wafer and observed the contact surface of the brush nodule. We modeled the brush nodule deformation for each rotating condition. As a result, three types of nodule deformation were observed. In most cases, the nodule side face, rather than the bottom face was mainly in contact with the wafer surface. Moreover, we compared two types of roller brushes, normal cylindrical nodules, and edge treated nodules and found that the deformation can be significantly changed by chamfering nodule edge.
Surface Cleaning Challenges for Organic Light Emitting Diodes
Authors: Giebink Noel
Published: February 2021

Organic optoelectronic devices such as light-emitting diodes and solar cells present unique challenges for surface cleaning and preparation because of their large area and the ‘soft’, thin film nature of the materials involved. This paper gives an introduction to this class of semiconductor devices and covers a recent example of how surface cleaning impacts the long-term reliability of organic light-emitting diodes being commercialized for solid-state lighting.
Clinical Spectrum, Therapeutic Outcomes and Prognostic predictors in Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes – Experiences from a Tertiary Care Center in India
Authors: Vijayaraghavan Asish , Alexander Pullumpallil Thomas , Nair Aditya Vijayakrishnan , Sivadasan Ajith , Mani Arun Mathai , Mathew Donna , Shaikh Atif , Benjamin Rohit Ninan , Prabhakar A. T. , Jude John , Mani Sunithi , Aaron Sanjith , Mathew Vivek , Alexander Mathew
Published: February 2021

Background:

Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes (PNSs) are a heterogeneous group of immune-mediated disorders that often precede tumor diagnosis. There are few systematic studies on the spectrum and follow-up of PNSs.

Objective:

To analyze the clinical spectrum, associated tumors, antibody profile, outcomes, and prognostic predictors in a cohort of PNSs admitted in a tertiary care center.

Methods:

This retrospective study included 97 patients (2008-2019). PNSs were further classified as “classical,” “nonclassical,” “definite,” and “possible.” Clinical profile, diagnostic strategies, therapeutic options, and predictors of outcomes were identified.

Results:

The median age was 54 years (range 17–81). Thirty-nine (40.2%) had classical PNS, and 58 (59.8%) had nonclassical PNS, 74 (76.3%) had “Definite” PNS while 23 (23.7%) had “Possible” PNS. Cerebellar degeneration, peripheral neuropathy, and encephalopathy were the three most common neurological syndromes. Tumors were diagnosed in 66 (68%) patients; Lung cancer was the most common primary tumor. Antibodies were positive in 52 (53.6%). Anti-Yo antibody and anti-Ma2 antibody were the most common antibodies. The majority (57.7%) received immunotherapy in addition to definitive treatment for the tumor. A good outcome was seen in 53 (54.6%). Factors associated with good outcome were: early diagnosis, mRS <3 at presentation, absence of metastatic disease, and adjuvant immunotherapy.

Conclusion:

A high index of clinical suspicion is essential for early diagnosis and prompt management of PNS, especially the nonclassical syndromes. Multimodality diagnostic imaging techniques and antibody profiling play a crucial role in the diagnosis. A favorable prognosis can be expected with the judicious use of immunotherapy and definitive treatment of malignancy.
Mini-Workshop: One-sided and Two-sided Stochastic Descriptions
Authors: Berger Noam , Bethuelsen Stein Andreas , Conache Diana , Le Ny Arnaud
Published: February 2021

We consider the set of discrete time stochastic processes which are dependent on their past, and the set of those that depend on both their past and their future. As long as we only allow dependence on a finite number of variables, those two sets are the same. However interesting questions appear when the dependence becomes infinite, and some of them were discussed during our mini-workshop.
Model Theory: Groups, Geometries and Combinatorics
Authors: Breuillard Emmanuel , Martin-Pizarro Amador , Tent Katrin , Wagner Frank Olaf
Published: February 2021

The focus of the conference were recent interactions between model theory, group theory and combinatorics in finite geometries. In some cases, in particular in non-archimedean geometry or combinatorics in finite geometries, model theory appeared as tool. In other cases, like in ergodic theory and dynamics or in the theory of stable groups and more general neo-stable algebraic structures like valued fields, the focus was on model theoretic questions and classification results for such structures. In this way, the conference presented the broad range of topics of modern model theory.
Paradigma izobraževanja za dobrobit posameznika in skupnosti
Authors: Kump Sonja , Majerhold Katarina
Published: February 2021

S člankom želiva pokazati glavno moč skupnostnega izobraževanja, to je, da lahko ljudje v skupnosti kar najbolj relevantno poskrbijo za svoje interese in potrebe. Skupnostno izobraževanje opredeljujeva kot vse izobraževalne dejavnosti, ki podpirajo delovanje organizacij, skupin in posameznikov v neki lokalni skupnosti. Pomen tega izobraževanja so spoznale vlade, ki sicer postavljajo splošna pravila in zakone, uresničevanje teh pa prepuščajo regijam ali lokalnim skupnostim. Skupnostno izobraževanje je način, kako se človek iz pasivnega prelevi v aktivnega, avtonomnega posameznika, ki želi dejavno skrbeti zase in skupnost, v kateri živi. Ta vrsta izobraževanja, ki ima tudi pomembno družbeno funkcijo, je torej usmerjena v skupno delovanje za razvoj in boljšo kakovost življenja v skupnosti. Gre za socialno učenje pri reševanju individualnih in kolektivnih problemov in socialno odgovornost odraslih v sodobnih razmerah.
Assessment of Major Depressive Disorders through Neuroimaging Studies and their Treatment Methods
Authors: Vijayadasan Jevetha , Raghunathan Diksha , Rajagopal Sivakumar , Soangra Rahul
Published: February 2021

Many mental disorders are caused due to improper regulation of the brain and depression is one such. It affects both children and adults and is very common among teenagers. There are many challenges clinicians face regarding the management of this disease. These challenges have prompted the development of various neuroimaging techniques that effectively diagnose the condition. The main techniques are Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Positron emission tomography (PET) which have gained momentum over the years. Advanced MRI techniques help study certain regions of the brain such as hippocampus and amygdala. Effective treatments for depression include antidepressant medications and brain stimulation techniques. Although treatments are effective for a lot of people, there is still room for improvement. This article (1) presents background on depression, its types, symptoms and risk factors; (2) elaborates the neuroimaging techniques used and reviews the various techniques adopted over the years to study depression; and (3) discusses the treatment methods that can be practised to cure depression.
Delta – Open Sets And Delta – Continuous Functions
Authors: Latif Raja Mohammad
Published: February 2021

In 1968 Velicko [30] introduced the concepts of δ-closure and δ-interior operations. We introduce and study properties of δ-derived, δ-border, δ-frontier and δ-exterior of a set using the concept of δ-open sets. We also introduce some new classes of topological spaces in terms of the concept of δ-D- sets and investigate some of their fundamental properties. Moreover, we investigate and study some further properties of the well-known notions of δ-closure and δ-interior of a set in a topological space. We also introduce δ-R0 space and study its characteristics. We also introduce δ-R0 space and study its characteristics. We introduce δ-irresolute, δ-closed, pre-δ-open and pre -δ-closed mappings and investigate properties and characterizations of these new types of mappings and also explore further properties of the well-known notions of δ-continuous and δ-open mappings.
Research as a Learning Experience: A Phenomenological Explication
Authors: Pietersen Charlotte
Published: February 2021

A phenomenological method was employed to explore the learning experiences of seven honours psychology learners who have completed research projects. The research event was experienced as a learning adventure, a period of personal growth, and also lead to a strong appreciation of the differences between doing research in practice and research as described in texts. They regarded time management and problem solving skills as important prerequisites to successful research. Findings provide guidelines for academics involved in the research training of learners and are a useful source of information, to provide insight into and alert learners to the challenges of research.
Use of Focus Groups in Survey Item Development
Authors: Nassar-McMillan Sylvia , Dianne Borders L.
Published: February 2021

Focus groups are rapidly gaining popularity as a field research tool. This technique can be particularly effective in survey item development, as illustrated here via development of the Volunteer Work Behaviors Questionnaire. The steps involved in this process, ranging from item generation to finalizing logistics, are outlined. Implications for further research are proposed.
What's Rapport Got To Do With It? The Practical Accomplishment of Fieldwork Relations Between Young Female Researchers and Socially Marginalised Older Men
Authors: Russell Cherry , Touchard Denise , Porter Maree
Published: February 2021

Drawing on field notes, interview transcripts and personal reflections, this paper describes an ethnographic research project as a practical accomplishment. The project has employed two young female fieldworkers in negotiating and documenting the social worlds of socially disadvantaged and marginalised older men in inner city Sydney, Australia. We provide a rich description of the various processes involved in this kind of research such as gaining entry, recruiting participants, obtaining consent and conducting interviews. Our analytical and interpretive focus is on the social relationships of fieldwork and the problematic role of rapport as the ideal (or only) basis for such relationships. We show how these relationships and the information they generate have been variably and situationally accomplished in our project. Our findings suggest that communicative relationships in field research can take a variety of forms that produce useful data but that these are not necessarily illustrative of rapport between researcher and researched. We conclude by arguing the need for the methodological literature of ethnography to develop a new analytical vocabulary for describing research practice and a conceptual framework that moves beyond neo-positivist and normative prescriptions for doing 'good' fieldwork.
The Influence of Adtrust (Trust In Advertising) on Current and Future Purchases of Consumers: A Study of Hair Products in Pakistan
Authors:   Institute of Business Management, Yusuf Mesiya Aisha
Published: February 2021

With a vast range of choices available for products from low to high involvement, one of the factors to initiate a purchase is the product’s advertising technique, which can even go wasted if the potential consumers of the product lack trust in the information conveyed through its advertisement. This paper attempts to investigate the impact of consumer trust in advertising on purchase behavior of hair products (shampoos) in Pakistan, and aims to look at their relationship through the moderators of gender and age. The target population for the study is consumers of various shampoo brands available for use and being advertised in Pakistan. The sample comprises of 200 respondents belonging to different demographic categories from Karachi, where all the various forms of advertisement media are in function at large. Data was gathered through a structured questionnaire filled by the respondents, bearing 23 items related to the independent variable of Trust in Advertising and the dependent variable of Consumer Purchase Behavior (current and future purchase). After the analysis of data, the results showed that trust in advertising and purchase behavior have significant relationship with each other, but only the sub-variable of Affect bears significant impact on purchase behavior. With a vast range of product choices available from low to high involvement, product brands and advertising companies should take into account the trust factor at large, otherwise potential consumers of the product might become disloyal if they lack trust in the information conveyed through its advertisement