bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regional Economic Development Strategy
Authors: Deffrinica Deffrinica , Sugianto Helena Anggraeni Tjondro , Vuspitasari Benedhikta Kikky
Published: April 2022

Regional economic development is development activity carried out by the local government, especially in the Bengkayang Regency area where development is carried out together with the local community, so that the government can manage and utilize existing resources optimally so that the regional economic development of Bengkayang Regency and the welfare of the local community Bengkayang Regency is better. One of the benchmarks for the success of regional economic development and community services in the region can be seen from the regional economic growth. The purpose of this research is to analyze the regional economic development strategies carried out by the Bengkayang Regency Government in increasing the economic growth of Bengkayang Regency so that it can increase the regional development of Bengkayang Regency. This research was conducted for almost one year and used qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach. The results of this study show the development strategies carried out by Bengkayang Regency in accelerating good development and reducing poverty, namely improving the quality of education, improving the quality of health, improving the quality of religious life, improving the quality of governance, improving the quality and quantity of infrastructure, increasing productivity of regional superior sectors, increased village development, increased development of border areas, and increased environmental sustainability.
Gorontalo Economy Linkage in Perspective Tables IO and IRIO Year 2016
Authors: Logaritma Sandra , Wulandari Mirta Dwi
Published: April 2022

Gorontalo Province has the potential to develop, but still has several problems related to inequality and population welfare, so appropriate policies are needed to encourage accelerated development. This study aims to determine the inter-sectoral and inter-regional linkages in Gorontalo Province using the Input Output (IO) and Inter Regional Input Output (IRIO) Tables 2016. The results of this study show that the economy of Gorontalo Province cannot be separated from other provinces and abroad. Gorontalo's leading industries are the supply of electricity and gas (D) and the processing industry (C). Other industries that can be developed are Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (A), Trade (G), and Construction (F) which have the largest contribution to the economy of Gorontalo Province. The provinces most affected if there is a change in final demand in Gorontalo Province are DKI Jakarta, Central Java, and East Java. Meanwhile, the provinces that have the greatest impact on Gorontalo Province if there is a change in final demand are North Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi, and Banten.
The Effect of Regional Fiscal Capacity on Climates Change Action Budgeting Commitments
Authors: Kojongkam Golfred Alex , Rahim Sukirman , Dunggio Iswan
Published: April 2022

This journal aims to determine the effect of regional fiscal capacity on climate change action budgeting commitments. The research method used is a quantitative method with a statistical test approach to Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of this study indicate that the local government's fiscal capacity of Gorontalo Regency has a significant positive direct influence on climate change action budgeting commitments.
Socio-spatial Disparities of Tobacco Outlets in Edinburgh
Authors: Yiqun Wang
Published: April 2022

This paper joins spatial autocorrelation models (Global Moran's  index, Local Moran  index) to analyse the distribution of cigarette vending outlets in Edinburgh and utilises global regression (OLS) models and Geographically Weighted Regression models (GWR) to examine the spatial heterogeneity of fiscal and social factors that affect the distribution of retail outlets in Edinburgh. The results demonstrate that Edinburgh has a considerable spatial agglomeration of cigarette retail outlets, with a clear trend towards clustering in high and low-value areas of retail outlet distribution, showing significant geographical characteristics. The impact of each element on the distribution of cigarette retail outlets was analysed utilising the ranking of the elements in SIMD (The Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation) as explanatory variables. It was established that data regions with a high ranking in education, skills, and training and those with a high ranking in geographic access to services revealed a positive trend in the density distribution of cigarette retail outlets, while data regions with a high ranking in housing and those with a high ranking in crime revealed a negative trend on the density distribution of cigarette retail outlets. The outcomes are different from prior observations, so this paper specifically analyses the differences in the extent to which each influencing element affects cigarette retail outlets in Edinburgh across data regions, which will supply a scientific basis for decreasing the prevalence of smoking, decreasing socio-economic inequalities in smoking, and increasing diverse local tobacco control intervention strategies.
Double Deictic Systems in Sasak Demonstratives: Noble versus Common Language
Authors: Sutarman Sutarman , Supatmiwati Diah , Muhid Abdul , Abdussamad Zainudin , Suktiningsih Wiya
Published: April 2022

This paper aims at comparing two deictic systems of demonstratives used in the noble and common language of the Sasak language. These languages have a different deictic system but are used in the same community. The data were collected via participation observation and interview. The instrument used is the questionnaire on demonstratives developed by Eric & David Wilkins. The data are analyzed via an interactive model, which consists of three steps- data reduction, data display and data verification. This study results that the noble language has a two-way distinction of demonstrative, and the common language has a three-way distinction. In communication between the noble people and the common ones, the two-way distinction is mostly used to honor the status of the noble speaker, so the distal concept in the two-way system of noble demonstrative covers the concept of the three-way system in common demonstrative of Sasak language. Syntactically, noble demonstratives in the Sasak language have five types, namely, pronominal, adnominal, identification, location and verbal. These syntactic categorizations are significantly different compared to the common Sasak demonstratives.
Pre- and Post-Purchase Factors Contributing to Dissonance of Filipino Credit Cardholders Amidst Exposure to Financial Risk
Authors: Gomez Andreana Gene , Falales Kristine , Villaflores Tricia Mae
Published: April 2022

Credit card transactions among Filipinos have steadily increased over the past years due to factors like convenience, availability, promotion, and payment terms. Amidst the benefits it brings, the possibility of consumer dissonance brought about by pre-and post-purchase factors as well as financial risk is still noteworthy consideration when utilizing credit. The study focuses on the analysis of the pre-and post-purchase factors that contribute to consumer dissonance amongst Filipino credit cardholders. Due to growing concerns over the development of consumer debt, a gap in the research literature suggests the need to examine the factors that influence the consumers in making their purchases amidst exposure to financial risk, especially with respect to the accessibility of payment extension solutions such as credit card payment. The study will utilize a Descriptive and Inferential Survey Research Design across 196 respondents within Metro Manila. Furthermore, this information can help business managers and operators to analyze and market their payment solutions more effectively.
The Impact of Online Advertisement on Building a Brand and on Purchase Intention
Authors: Cabigting Xyrille Christian , Marallag Angela Denise , Mariano Bryan Paulo , Grimaldo Jun
Published: April 2022

In the modern era of technology, online advertising is the most common tool used by firms to promote certain products or brands. This study examines the impact of online advertisements on building a brand and on purchase intention. The study sample consists of 389 respondents from different regions in the Philippines. A descriptive correlation was used to analyze and interpret the data. As concluded, online communities and electronic word-of-mouth affect the purchase intentions and brand loyalty of customers. Additionally, the results of the study indicate that online advertising has a significant influence on purchase decisions. By these mentioned factors, the study evidently proposes significant positive effects on purchase intention and brand loyalty of consumers.
The Influence of Organizational Power on the Achievement of Entrepreneurship for Business Organizations An Analytical Study of the Views of a Sample of Managers in the Iraqi Ministry of Education
Authors: AL-Ghraibawy Alaa Muhsin Khafeef
Published: April 2022

This research aims to study the influence of organizational power on the achievement of entrepreneurship for business organizations. It is an analytical study of the views of a sample of managers in the Iraqi Ministry of Education. The research highlights the contribution that can be made from the knowledge of the theory of business organizations in achieving organizational success. The organizational power of the organization contributes to achieving entrepreneurship in the business environment and achieving a competitive position in the work environment. The research dealt with two variables: the first is the independent variable, the organizational power in its dimensions (Expend Power, Structural Power, Prestige Power). And the second variable is the entrepreneurship of business organizations in their dimensions (initiative, investment opportunities, creativity). A sample of (32) directors of the Iraqi Ministry of Education was included, including the assistants of the general directors, departmental managers and the divisions at the ministry's center. The questionnaire was adopted as a main tool for collecting data. The SPSS program was used to measure, analyze and test the hypotheses and interpret the results of the research and the existence of a correlation relationship and the relationship of significant effect of statistical significance between the organizational power entrepreneurship of the business organizations in the Iraqi Ministry of Education. A number of conclusions were reached, the most important of which is that the organizational power has the greatest impact on the achievement of entrepreneurship for the organization. It contributes to its stability, growth and reputation, and achieves success among leading sectors
Analyzing the impact of exchange rate fluctuations and inflation on the GDP in Iraq using the modern methodology of Cointegration for the period (1988-2020)
Authors: Al-Bayati Dalia Omar Nazmi , Al-Dulaimi Saif Adel Sabbar , Al-Mihimdy Nadhem Abdullah Abid
Published: April 2022

The research aims to analyze the impact of exchange rate fluctuations (EXM and EXN) and inflation (INF) on the gross domestic product (GDP) in Iraq for the period 1988-2020. The research is important by analyzing the magnitude of the macroeconomic and especially GDP effects of these variables, as well as the economic effects of exchange rates on economic activity. The results of the standard analysis using the ARDL model showed a long-term equilibrium relationship, according to the Bound Test methodology, from explanatory (independent) variables to the internal (dependent) variable, while the value of the error correction vector factor was negative and moral at a level less than (1%). The relationship between EXM and GDP was inverse, with partial flexibility for EXM (-7.666), meaning that an increase in EXM (1%) will lead to a decrease in GDP (7.666%). This applies to the reality of the Iraqi economy, as the method used in recent times is to devalue the local currency. The effect of EXN was steady in the long run, with the partial flexibility of EXN (5.785), that is, an increase of EXN (1%) will lead to an increase in GDP (5.785%), and the model as a whole is statistically significant. The explanatory power of the model is high, as it was (R2=0.816), indicating that 81% of the changes in GDP in constant prices are due to the change in (EXM, EXN, and INF). The study concluded that in light of the outbreak of the coronavirus, the disruption of most economic projects, and the decline in the prices of the Iraqi government, as a result of the decrease in the balance of oil and oil revenues, as a result of the balance of the government part of the solution is to devalue the local currency by controlling the nominal exchange rate. At present, the Iraqi Monetary Authority recommends that the Managed Flexible Exchange System be continued as an effective means of avoiding external shocks for the Iraqi economy, as it allows for appropriate adjustments to be made continuously
Internal Debt Options during the Two Double Shocks and Its Impact on Foreign Reserve in Iraq
Authors: Lafta Hasan Hazim , Jawad Saja Fadhil
Published: April 2022

The research aims at a statement Internal Debt options during shocks and the impact of this borrowing in the volume of the foreign reserve, using induction and deduction with available data analysis. During the period (2004-2013) did not require the use of borrowing across (financial institutions, discounted transfers, bonds); it was only sufficient by transfer with commercial banks that can finance of temporary budget deficits: rose and decline of volume of foreign reserve according to the changes of oil prices and the volume of purchases and sales of the Central Bank of Iraq. Central Bank of Iraq (CBI) has significantly contributed to Internal Debt through bond and discounted transfers in the secondary market; thus, funding the public budget and sustaining the momentum of battles during the first double shock (2014-2017), which reflected how it is negatively affected the volume of foreign reserve, in other words, reduction the proportion of foreign assets to local assets. The second double crisis (2020) reduced the exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar against the US dollar, which was reflected at high prices; inflation reached (5.6) at the end of the first half of 2020, which means adopting a new choice to finance the budget deficit. This means that there is an inverse relationship between the volume of foreign reserve and internal debt, where decrease volume of foreign reserve during two double shocks
Industrial Development Strategy Until 2030
Authors: Al- Hayaly Adel Ghazi Khalil Jasim
Published: April 2022

The research is a vision of the future of industry in Iraq, so it is may be outside the ceiling of the capabilities of the Iraqi economy, and therefore it is exaggerated. Therefore, future plans must be applicable through the availability of capabilities. Everyone knows that the financial and administrative corruption and mismanagement of resources are the main cause of the inefficiency of the industrial sector, and the failure to exercise its real role in achieving economic development.; as well as the political situation and the dominance of parties and their insistence on addressing positions that have a strong relationship in managing the economic sector that has a significant impact on drawing the economic map in its current form. That is why it has become necessary to reform the political system as an important pillar for the success of this strategy.

It presents the vision of the industrial system until 2030, which is summarized in the development of the industrial system in Iraq to support a diversified and sustainable national economy in terms of economic and environmental aspects. It works within a stimulating business environment based on creativity and works in an institutional and organizational system that ensures implementation and achievement of goals and contributes to providing more job opportunities and improving the standard of living for individuals and society. To implement this vision, four basic elements were identified that represent the axes of the industrial strategy, namely: building the nucleus of competitive industrial clusters based on large industrial facilities integrated with local and global value chains, creating effective and stable working conditions that allow the existence and growth of private enterprises, improving the industrial and knowledge infrastructure, and adopting an appropriate governance system that supports the implementation of the previous three axes. A set of goals have been set for each of these axes to form the whole path the strategy to follow
Using Quadratic Form Ratio Multiple Test to Estimate Linear Regression Model Parameters in Big Data with Application: Child Labor in Iraq
Authors: Salih Ahmed Mahdi , Hmood Munaf Yousif
Published: April 2022

The current paper proposes a new estimator for the linear regression model parameters under Big Data circumstances.  From the diversity of Big Data variables comes many challenges that  can be interesting to the  researchers who try their best to find new and novel methods to estimate the parameters of linear regression model. Data has been collected by Central Statistical Organization IRAQ, and the child labor in Iraq has been chosen as data. Child labor is the most vital phenomena that both society and education are suffering from and it affects the future of our next generation. Two methods have been selected to estimate the parameter of linear regression model, one Covariate at a Time Multiple Testing OCMT. Moreover, the Euclidian Distance has been used as a comparison criterion among the three methods
Euro Dinar Trading Analysis Using WARIMA Hybrid Model
Authors: Wazeer Elaf Alaa Al-deen , Hameed Lamyaa Mohammed Ali
Published: April 2022

The rise in the general level of prices in Iraq makes the local commodity less able to compete with other commodities, which leads to an increase in the amount of imports and a decrease in the amount of exports, since it raises demand for foreign currencies while decreasing demand for the local currency, which leads to a decrease in the exchange rate of the local currency in exchange for an increase in the exchange rate of currencies. This is one of the most important factors affecting the determination of the exchange rate and its fluctuations. This research deals with the currency of the European Euro and its impact against the Iraqi dinar. To make an accurate prediction for any process, modern methods can be used through which the model is developed. One of the most important modern methods that smooth the time series and purify it from noise is the wavelet transformation and in order to predict time series data using a new technique that combines the classic ARIMA method and the technique of Wavelet transformation, and this is called Wavelet-ARIMA hybrid model, as it was applied to data for a weekly time series of the rate of change in prices, buying and selling the European euro currency against the Iraqi dinar on the classic ARIMA model and the hybrid Wavelet-ARIMA model. The comparison was made between ARIMA and Wavelet-ARIMA models using several functions, including Haar, Db4 and Db6 to forecast the model that achieves better results for 64 weeks. As the hybrid model with Db6 function achieves better results, as the euro currency continues to increase, this negatively affects the Iraqi citizen in terms of high prices and positively on the country's economy
The Role of the Auditor in Confirming the Integrated Reports - An Exploratory Study on a Sample of External Auditors in Iraq-
Authors: AL-Saaedi Reyam Farhan Zahraw , Al-Taie Bushra Fadil
Published: April 2022

The aim of the research is to identify the extent of the ability to ensure the integrated reports by the auditor in verifying the credibility of these reports, and their implications for the benefit of all parties dealing with the economic unit, as well as measuring the impact of the assurance procedures followed by the auditors and their role in confirming these reports.

  The research methodology was designed after studying the previous literature related to the research variables, and then the relationship between these variables was tested, through the use of a questionnaire list. A questionnaire targeting the community of auditors in the local environment, and the results of the study were reached using the (SPSS) program and the application of statistical models to determine the correlation and influence between the variables.

   The most important conclusions shown by the study are that the process of confirming the integrated reports results in an evaluation of the information they contain by external auditors, who are usually qualified for such actions, are neutral and independent of the economic unit, and thus enable them to give a clear perception of the truthfulness of these reports’ representation of the information contained therein. Thus, reassuring all parties dealing with the economic unit and increasing their confidence in the content of the integrated reports.

   The most important recommendations made by the study are that professional organizations in Iraq must issue instructions or guiding rules regulating the process of confirming the integrated reports, and the Office of Financial Supervision, in cooperation with the Profession Council and the Audit of Accounts in Iraq, should qualify the auditors working in audit offices professionally and scientifically, to be able to complete the process of confirming the integrated reports in all its dimensions, as it creates a challenge for the profession of auditing
The Extent of the Practice of Iraqi Banks to Manage Profits Using the (LLp it) Model and Its Reflection on the Tax Base, A Case Study of A Sample of Iraqi Private Banks Listed in The Iraqi Stock Exchange
Authors: Nasser Haider Kathem , Abdullah Ghaith Arkan , Hammood Mohammed Hashim
Published: April 2022

The research aims to identify the extent to which Iraqi private banks practice profit management motivated by reducing the taxable base by increasing the provision for loan losses by relying on the LLP it model, which consists of a main independent variable (net profit before tax) and independent sub-variables (bank size, total debts to total equity, loans granted to total obligations) under the name of the variables governing the banking business. (Colmgrove-Smirnov) was used to test the normal distribution of data for all banks during the period 2017-2020, and then find the correlation between the main independent variable sub and the dependent variable by means of the correlation coefficient person, and then using the multiple regression model to find the effect between the research variables according to the equation of the LLP it model for a sample of three banks (the Commercial Bank of Iraq, the Bank of Baghdad, the Ashur International Bank) based on a time series extending from (2017-2020). The researchers reached the most important conclusions :The possibility of using the LLP it model on Iraqi banks to reveal the practice of profit management and there is a significant correlation between the net profit before tax and the provision for loan losses. The researchers recommended the most important recommendations: Conducting continuous tests to detect banks that practice earnings management for the purpose of reducing the tax base, the necessity of using modern tools and methods (LLP it) by the tax administration to limit the practice of profit management in order to reduce the tax base
The Role of External Audit in Limiting Creative Accounting Practices in Light of International Standards from The Point of View of Certified Accountancy Experts in Iraq as a Model
Authors: Abdulrahman Doaa Mohammed
Published: April 2022

This research aims to solve a problem in the field of accounting and financial knowledge in the world today, that is, the problem of creative accounting. Especially after the global financial crisis and the collapse of many large companies in the world, people find that they use creative accounting methods to distinguish them from reality, showing the results of their activities and their financial status. This research discusses the concept of creative accounting, the most important methods used in financial statements and its relationship with external auditing, and procedures to limit accounting creativity. This study uses descriptive analysis methods after confirming its theoretical aspects in practice. Using the statistical program Wolfram Alpha, the results of the questionnaire were distributed to registered Iraqi accounting experts and several results were obtained
The WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORK MANAGEMENT SECURITY ANALYSIS
Authors: Setyantoro Dwipo , Afifah Vivi , Hasibuan Rika Astuti , Aprilia Novi , Sari Novi Permata
Published: April 2022

The use of a wireless computer network in some institutions has become a very flexible option to connect all users of the existing computer network in the institution. This flexibility also has the disadvantage that anyone with a network password can take advantage of the wireless network. The possibility of threats to information security is very large, such as the presence of intruders on the network. Therefore, it is necessary to manage wireless networks that pay attention to information security issues on the network. The Directorate General of New, Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation at the Ministry of Energy and the Human Resources Republic of Indonesia was chosen as the research location given that computer network users in this institution are diverse and have also used The Dude MikroTik application to manage wireless computer networks, which are instruments to analyze information security. in this institution. The analysis was conducted to identify the activities and effectiveness of information security management in this institution. This study concludes that the use of The Dude MikroTik application is quite helpful in analyzing information security on wireless computer networks in this institution.
DECISION SUPPORT AND MONITORING SYSTEMS FOR HUMANITARIAN PROGRAMS USING FORWARD CHAINING METHOD
Authors: Purwati Yuli , Pambudi Aldi Setia
Published: April 2022

One of the covid-19 pandemic impacts is the emergence of new social problems. Humanitarian agencies are helping the government's role to overcome various social issues that arise through its humanitarian programs. One of which is with the MSR program from Aksi Cepat Tanggap Purwokerto. With increasing social problems and the complexity of improving data collection due to the covid-19 pandemic, the methods' limitations previously using paper will be difficult, and the limits of people who have the expertise to make decisions related to the submission of prospective beneficiaries. A decision support system is needed to provide suggestions of results under the rules that have will determining and monitoring and filing systems to provide convenience in managing data collection.
Development and Theoretical Investigation of Technology and Devices for the Elimination of Hydraulic Shock in the Portional Method of Introducing Liquid Pesticides Into the Soil
Authors: Babayev Sh. , Veliyev I. , Islamov T.
Published: April 2022

The article presents the results of the development and theoretical study of technology and devices for eliminating hydraulic shock in the batch method of introducing liquid pesticides into the soil. Their results are analyzed to prevent pollution of the environment and soil from liquid pesticides.
Drug-induced orthostatic hypotension
Authors: Listratov A. I. , Ostroumova O. D. , Aleshkovich E. V. , Chernyaeva M. S.
Published: April 2022

Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is one of the most signiﬁcant symptoms in clinical practice. The development of OH in the short term is associated with such consequences as falls, decreased adherence to treatment, in the long term, OH is associated with dementia and an increase in overall mortality. One of the leading factors in the development of OH is drugs in this case, the term ‘drug-induced’ (DI) OH is used. The leading drugs that induce this symptom include antihypertensive drugs, vasodilators, as well as alpha-blockers and antidepressants. The risk factors for DI OH are old age, concomitant diseases, in particular arterial hypertension (AH). The question of OH in patients with AH is difﬁcult. Оn the one hand, AH is a risk factor for OH, in addition, antihypertensive drugs are inducers of OH and an increase in the amount of antihypertensive drugs can lead to an increase in the risk of developing OH. On the other hand, optimal therapy for AH on the contrary, leads to a decrease in the severity of OH. The basis of the treatment of DI OH is the correction of therapy with the drug withdrawal or replacement. The leading methods of prevention and treatment are non-pharmacological, requiring the active participation of the patient – a certain algorithm for accepting an upright position, changing eating behavior and counter maneuvers. Pharmacological therapies play a minor role. Informing doctors, as well as the patients themselves, about the problem of DI OH plays an important role in the prevention of its consequences.
COVID-19 in structure of risk factors for cognitive impairment, methods of correction
Authors: Kamchatnov P. R. , Cheremin R. A. , Skipetrova L. A. , Nikonova A. A. , Pyshkina L. A.
Published: April 2022

Cerebrovascular disorders are one of the main causes of cognitive impairment. Understanding the cause of vascular brain damage, establishing the existing risk factors allow choosing the optimal treatment strategy and slowing the progression of cognitive impairment. The article discusses information about risk factors for cognitive impairment: age, level of education, social isolation and lack of physical activity, excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, exposure to polluted air, hypertension, hearing loss, traumatic brain injury, diabetes mellitus, depression, cerebrovascular diseases, Alzheimer’s disease, genetic predisposition. Information is provided on the possible impact of COVID-19 on the development and progression of cognitive impairment. The possibilities of neurometabolic drugs in the treatment of cognitive disorders are considered. The results of the analysis of the experience of using the drug citicoline (Noocil) in the treatment of patients with cognitive impairment are presented, the possible advantages of prescribing Noocil in the form of a solution for oral administration are noted.
Once again about omega: impact of omega‑3 PUFAs on composition of mother’s milk and health of children
Authors: Orlova S. V. , Nikitina E. A. , Balashova N. V. , Prokopenko E. V.
Published: April 2022

It is known that in the first year of life, the most intensive growth, maturation of the digestive tract and intestinal microbiota, the development of the child’s immune and nervous systems occur. A lot of evidence has been accumulated that the optimal composition of mother’s milk regulates the metabolism of the child and contributes to the prevention of diseases of various origins. One of the key components of breast milk that have a positive effect on the growth and development of the child are polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Considering the prevalence of омега‑3 PUFA deficiency in the population, the most appropriate is the use of омега‑3 PUFAs (EPA + DHA) as part of IUD before pregnancy, throughout the entire period of gestation and breastfeeding.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in rehabilitation of patients after COVID‑19
Authors: Polyakov K. N. , Levonchuk S. V. , Laperishvili M. A.
Published: April 2022

Severe complications of COVID‑19 are pneumonia and the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome, which is accompanied by hypoxia. Tissue hypoxia increases against the background of inflammatory reactions and hypercoagulation. Hyperbaric oxygenation can effectively reduce systemic hypoxia, improve blood circulation, has a beneficial effect on reducing the severity of the inflammatory condition by modulating oxidative stress, including lipid peroxidation, and increasing antioxidant enzymes. A review of clinical studies conducted in different countries shows the overall effectiveness of systemic maintenance therapy with the inclusion of hyperbaric oxygenation, which reduces the use of artificial ventilation and reduces the mortality rate of severely ill patients with COVID‑19. The article presents the results of our own research on the rehabilitation of 10 patients who had a severe form of COVID‑19. The inclusion in the rehabilitation of COVID‑19 patients of daily sessions of hyperbaric oxygenation in ‘soft’ modes (1,4–1,6 ATA) in combination with respiratory and physical gymnastics showed a positive effect and safety. In patients, shortness of breath decreased, blood saturation indicators improved, cognitive functions decreased, the severity of anxiety and depression decreased, and exercise tolerance increased.
Drug-induced hypertension
Authors: Ostroumova O. D. , Sychev D. A. , Kochetkov A. I. , Ostroumova T. M. , Kulikova M. I. , De V. A.
Published: April 2022

Some drugs can lead to the development of drug-induced arterial hypertension. The aim of the work is to systematize and analyze the data about drugs that can cause the development of drug-induced hypertension, as well as on epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, risk factors, clinical picture, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment and prevention of drug-induced hypertension. As a result of data analysis, it was revealed that drugs: glucocorticosteroids, antineoplastic drugs, immunosuppressants, nonsteroidal anti-inﬂammatory drugs, antidepressants and some others are associated with the development of hypertension. The mechanisms of development of drug-induced arterial hypertension are not fully established and require further study. Drug-induced arterial hypertension is still one of the most common and often unrecognized adverse reactions. The clinical manifestations of drug-induced hypertension are not speciﬁc. The symptoms are associated with target organ damage or complications of hypertension and may include a headache, nausea, dizziness, blurred vision, anxiety, shortness of breath, etc. patients with previously well-controlled hypertension or cases of uncontrolled hypertension. Therefore, it is always necessary to pay attention to the patient’s history, pharmacological anamnesis, rapid increases in blood pressure in patients with previously well-controlled hypertension, or cases of uncontrolled hypertension.
Büyükşehir Belediyeli İllerde Kentsel Alanların ve Kent-Kır Nüfusunun Belirlenmesi: Hatay Örneği
Authors: DİNÇ Yücel
Published: April 2022

Türkiye’de, 6360 sayılı büyükşehir belediye yasasıyla (2012) birlikte, büyükşehir belediyeli 30 ilde, köy ve beldelerin tüzel kişilikleri kaldırılarak mahalle statüsüne dönüştürülmüştür. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu’nun (TÜİK) 2012 yılı verilerine göre, Hatay ili nüfusunun % 50’sini oluşturan kırsal nüfus, ilgili yasa sonrasında TÜİK tarafından kentli nüfus olarak kayıt altına alınmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; Hatay’daki kentsel alanları ve ilin kent-kır nüfusunu coğrafi esaslara uygun bir şekilde belirlemektir. Çalışmada, il genelindeki kentsel yerleşmeler belirli kriterlere göre (idari yapı, nüfus, fonksiyon) belirlenmiş, kentlerin yerleşme formu içerisinde kalan mahalleler, arazi gözlemlerinden ve uydu görüntülerinden yararlanılarak tespit edilmiştir. Daha sonra kentsel alanlar içerisinde kalan mahallelerin 2020 nüfuslarının toplanması suretiyle kent nüfusları elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada, Hatay iline bağlı 593 mahallenin 384’ünün kırsal, 209’unun ise kentsel mahalle niteliğine sahip olduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Bununla birlikte, ilin % 75’ini (1.240.717) kentli nüfusun, % 25’ini (417.699) ise kırsal nüfusun oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir.
ANALISIS QOS (QUALITY OF SERVICE) SISTEM MONITORING PINTAR MITIGASI PENULARAN COVID-19 BERBASIS IOT
Authors: Enda Depandi , Subandri Muhammad Asep , Supria
Published: April 2022

Sistem monitoring pintar mitigasi COVID-19 adalah sistem monitoring berbasis teknologi IoT yang menggunakan beberapa sensor untuk merekam keadaan di sekitar lokasi pemantauan dan memberikan rekomendasi kepada pengguna berdasarkan data yang diambil disekitar area pemantauan. Salah satu aspek yang harus diperhatikan dalam membangun system monitoring berbasis IoT adalah kualitas layanan jaringan (Quality of Service). Kualitas layanan jaringan digunakan sebagai tolak ukur untuk memastikan perangkat IoT dapat berkomunikasi dengan baik didalam suatu jaringan nirkabel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis kualitas layanan jaringan pada sistem monitoring pintar mitigasi penularan COVID-19 berbasis IoT. Adapun aspek yang diukur adalah delay, packet lost, jitter dan throughput, dimana pengukuran parameter ini berguna untuk mengetahui tingkat peforma sistem monitoring dalam menangani permintaan layanan API dari sensor node ke web server. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan terhadap 2 perangkat sensor node menunjukkan bahwa kinerja QoS pada perangkat sensor node ESP8266 lebih baik dibandingkan dengan ESP32. Sedangkan parameter delay yang dihasilkan pada kedua perangkat sensor node jika bekerja secara bersamaan menunjukkan bahwa kedua perangkat sensor node yang diuji memiliki delay dengan kategori buruk.
Machine Learning Algorithms: An Experimental Evaluation for Decision Support Systems
Authors: Silva Hugo , Bernardino Jorge
Published: April 2022

Decision support systems with machine learning can help organizations improve operations and lower costs with more precision and efficiency. This work presents a review of state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms for binary classification and makes a comparison of the related metrics between them with their application to a public diabetes and human resource datasets. The two mainly used categories that allow the learning process without requiring explicit programming are supervised and unsupervised learning. For that, we use Scikit-learn, the free software machine learning library for Python language. The best-performing algorithm was Random Forest for supervised learning, while in unsupervised clustering techniques, Balanced Iterative Reducing and Clustering Using Hierarchies and Spectral Clustering algorithms presented the best results. The experimental evaluation shows that the application of unsupervised clustering algorithms does not translate into better results than with supervised algorithms. However, the application of unsupervised clustering algorithms, as the preprocessing of the supervised techniques, can translate into a boost of performance.
Multi-Fidelity Gradient-Based Optimization for High-Dimensional Aeroelastic Configurations
Authors: Thelen Andrew S. , Bryson Dean E. , Stanford Bret K. , Beran Philip S.
Published: April 2022

The simultaneous optimization of aircraft shape and internal structural size for transonic flight is excessively costly. The analysis of the governing physics is expensive, in particular for highly flexible aircraft, and the search for optima using analysis samples can scale poorly with design space size. This paper has a two-fold purpose targeting the scalable reduction of analysis sampling. First, a new algorithm is explored for computing design derivatives by analytically linking objective definition, geometry differentiation, mesh construction, and analysis. The analytic computation of design derivatives enables the accurate use of more efficient gradient-based optimization methods. Second, the scalability of a multi-fidelity algorithm is assessed for optimization in high dimensions. This method leverages a multi-fidelity model during the optimization line search for further reduction of sampling costs. The multi-fidelity optimization is demonstrated for cases of aerodynamic and aeroelastic design considering both shape and structural sizing separately and in combination with design spaces ranging from 17 to 321 variables, which would be infeasible using typical, surrogate-based methods. The multi-fidelity optimization consistently led to a reduction in high-fidelity evaluations compared to single-fidelity optimization for the aerodynamic shape problems, but frequently resulted in a cost penalty for cases involving structural sizing. While the multi-fidelity optimizer was successfully applied to problems with hundreds of variables, the results underscore the importance of accurately computing gradients and motivate the extension of the approach to constrained optimization methods.
Analysis of Magnetic Field Characteristics of a Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator with a Semi-Closed Magnetic Circuit
Authors: Zhou Zhaoqi , He Zhongbo , Xue Guangming , Zhou Jingtao , Rong Ce , Liu Guoping
Published: April 2022

The internal magnetic field characteristics of giant magnetostrictive actuators have an important influence on their output performance. Aiming at the deficiency of current scholars’ research, based on the electromagnetic theory and finite element method, this paper analyzes the magnetic field intensity on a giant magnetostrictive cylinder by using COMSOL Multiphysics software. Considering the inhomogeneity of magnetic field intensity along the radial direction of giant magnetostrictive cylinders, a new averaging method is introduced to calculate the magnetic field intensity in the axial section of the cylinder. The influence of the magnetic permeability of the displacement conversion mechanism (shell) and the size of the air gap inside the device on the magnetic field intensity of the giant magnetostrictive cylinder are analyzed. The prototype of the actuator is manufactured, and the correctness and accuracy of the simulation data are verified by experiments. In order to make the magnetic field on the cylinder strong and uniform, the displacement conversion mechanism and the shell should be made of low permeability and high permeability materials, respectively, and the air gap size should be reduced as much as possible under the condition of meeting the size requirement of the actuator pre-tightening force applying device.
Local Path Planning of the Autonomous Vehicle Based on Adaptive Improved RRT Algorithm in Certain Lane Environments
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Zhu Tong , Xu Yu , Liu Haoxue , Liu Fei
Published: April 2022

Given that the rapidly exploring random tree algorithm (RRT) and its variants cannot efficiently solve problems of path planning of autonomous vehicles, this paper proposes a new, adaptive improved RRT algorithm. Firstly, an adaptive directional sampling strategy is introduced to avoid excessive search by reducing the randomness of sampling points. Secondly, a reasonable node selection strategy is used to improve the smoothness of the path by utilizing a comprehensive criterion that combines angle and distance. Thirdly, an adaptive node expansion strategy is utilized to avoid invalid expansion and make the generated path more reasonable. Finally, the expanded ellipse is used to realize vehicle obstacle avoidance in advance, and the post-processing strategy removes redundant line segments of the initial path to improve its quality. The simulation results show that the quality of the planned path is significantly improved. This path followed successfully has good trajectory stability, which shows the proposed algorithm’s effectiveness and practicability in autonomous vehicles’ local path planning.
Scientific Irrigation Scheduling for Sustainable Production in Olive Groves
Authors: Aziz Marjan , Khan Madeeha , Anjum Naveeda , Sultan Muhammad , Shamshiri Redmond R. , Ibrahim Sobhy M. , Balasundram Siva K. , Aleem Muhammad
Published: April 2022

The present study aimed at investigating scientific irrigation scheduling (SIS) for the sustainable production of olive groves. The SIS allows farmers to schedule water rotation in their fields to abate crop water stress and maximize yields, which could be achieved through the precise monitoring of soil moisture. For this purpose, the study used three kinds of soil moisture sensors, including tensiometer sensors, irrometer sensors, and gypsum blocks for precise measurement of the soil moisture. These soil moisture sensors were calibrated by performing experiments in the field and laboratory at Barani Agricultural Research Institute, Chakwal in 2018 and 2019. The calibration curves were obtained by performing gravimetric analysis at 0.3 and 0.6 m depths, thereby equations were developed using regression analysis. The coefficient of determination (R2) at 0.3 and 0.6 m depth for tensiometer, irrometer, and gypsum blocks was found to be equal to 0.98, 0.98; 0.75, 0.89; and 0.82, and 0.95, respectively. After that, a drip irrigation system was installed with the calibrated soil moisture sensors at 0.3 and 0.6 m depth to schedule irrigation for production of olive groves as compared to conventional farmer practice, thereby soil moisture profiles of these sensors were obtained to investigate the SIS. The results showed that the irrometer sensor performed as expected and contributed to the irrigation water savings between 17% and 25% in 2018 and 2019, respectively, by reducing the number of irrigations as compared toother soil moisture sensors and farmer practices. Additionally, olive yield efficiencies of 8% and 9%were observed by the tensiometer in 2018 and 2019, respectively. The outcome of the study suggests that an effective method in providing sustainable production of olive groves and enhancing yield efficiency.
Volatility in Live Calf, Live Sheep, and Feed Wheat Return Markets: A Threat to Food Price Stability in Turkey
Authors: Urak Faruk , Bilgic Abdulbaki , Bozma Gürkan , Florkowski Wojciech J. , Efekan Erkan
Published: April 2022

The volatility of meat prices affects the accessibility and even food security of some consumers in Turkey. This study analyses the prices of selected livestock and a major feed component, wheat, as well as the exchange rate of the domestic currency in Turkey because imports augmented the domestic live calf and sheep supply. The analysis applies 470 price observations from January 2005 to October 2019 for each of the following price series: live calf, live sheep, feed wheat, and exchange rate of Turkish lira to US dollar. The series are analyzed by using the VAR-Asymmetric BEKK-GARCH technique. The results show that the elicited conditional variances of the return series were significantly affected by both short-term shocks and shocks across the return series. The uncertainties in the live calf, live sheep, and feed wheat markets were affected by both long-term volatilities and long-term swings in their own and the other markets, but their own market-induced effects were stronger. Similarly, the conditional variances of the returns of live calves, live sheep, and feed wheat were significantly affected by the rapid price ascent in the exchange rate and the periods of livestock imports as compared to the periods when imports were absent. The unfavorable news exerted particularly negative effects on persistent volatility in markets. Additionally, the live sheep market faced greater risks than the live calf or wheat markets and was greatly affected by the limited domestic sheep supply. Results provide knowledge useful in augmenting policy, assuring sustained accessibility to animal protein in Turkey and eliminating food insecurity.