bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kurs przygotowujący do egzaminów wstępnych na aplikacje prawnicze
Authors: Romanko Agnieszka
Published: December 2022

W dniach od 7 marca do 30 czerwca 2020 r. w Katolickim Uniwersytecie Lubelskim Jana Pawła II odbyła się 10 edycja kursu przygotowującego do egzaminów wstępnych na aplikacje prawnicze. W związku z zaistniałą sytuacją epidemiologiczną kurs po raz pierwszy przeprowadzony został hybrydowo, tzn. początkowo stacjonarnie, a następnie on-line. Szkolenie – zrealizowane zgodnie z art. 3 § 1 Statutu Stowarzyszenia Absolwentów i Przyjaciół Wydziału Prawa Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego – zostało zorganizowane przez SAWP KUL we współpracy z Wydziałem Prawa, Prawa Kanonicznego i Administracji KUL. Do podjęcia czynności związanych z przygotowaniem i przeprowadzeniem kursu Zarząd upoważnił ks. prof. dr. hab. Mirosława Sitarza, przewodniczącego Stowarzyszenia oraz dr Agnieszkę Romanko, sekretarza SAWP KUL.
Kopia dokumentu jako przedmiot czynności wykonawczej czynu zabronionego z art. 276 Kodeksu karnego
Authors: Fic Rafał
Published: December 2022

W niniejszym artykule autor dokonuje analizy, czy przepis kryminalizujący tzw. zniwelowanie dokumentu (art. 276 k.k.) obejmuje swoim zakresem również działania skierowane przeciwko nieoryginalnym odpowiednikom pierwotnie wytworzonych dokumentów (takim jak np. kopie, kserokopie, zdjęcia, skany – dalej zwane „kopią dokumentu”). Przedstawione w treści artykułu orzeczenia prowadzą do przekonania, że kwestia ta budzi wątpliwości, skutkując różnymi rozstrzygnięciami. Jednocześnie, ze względu na postęp technologiczny i łatwość sporządzania kopii dokumentów, uczestnicy obrotu prawnego posługują się nimi powszechnie. Zagadnienie ich ochrony przedstawiać się zatem musi jako aktualne. Autor dokonuje w pierwszej kolejności analizy pojęcia dokumentu zdefiniowanego w Kodeksie karnym w celu ustalenia, czy obejmuje ono swym zakresem również odwzorowania pierwotnych dokumentów. Następnie artykuł zawiera próbę określenia zakresu znaczeniowego znamienia przedmiotu czynności wykonawczej, określonego w art. 276 k.k. jako dokument, którym sprawca nie ma prawa wyłącznie rozporządzać. Powadzi to do przekonania, że osoba uprawniona do dysponowania kopią dokumentu może być inna niż jego pierwowzorem, co wykazuje istotny wpływ na zasięg kryminalizacji wynikający z tego przepisu. Autor przedstawia również omawiane zagadnienie przez pryzmat dobra prawnego chronionego przez art. 276 k.k. W podsumowaniu przedstawia wnioski wskazując kryteria konieczne do uwzględnienia przed uznaniem danego zachowania za wyczerpujące znamiona analizowanego czynu zabronionego.
Powrót postępowania odrębnego w sprawach gospodarczych – w odpowiedzi niektórym krytykom
Authors: Piebiak Łukasz
Published: December 2022

Artykuł stanowi odpowiedź na głosy krytyki w zakresie kluczowych kwestii z punktu widzenia celów nowelizacji Kodeksu postępowania cywilnego. W tekście zwrócono uwagę na ratio legis przywrócenia odrębnego postępowania w sprawach gospodarczych, co nastąpiło z dniem 7 listopada 2019 r., kiedy to obowiązywać zaczęła zasadnicza nowelizacja Kodeksu postępowania cywilnego z dnia 4 lipca 2019 r. Wskazano, że obowiązujące od dnia 3 maja 2012 r. do wejścia w życie omawianej nowelizacji przepisy nie sprawdziły się oraz generowały liczne problemy. W dalszej części zmierzono się z krytyką niektórych praktyków i teoretyków kwestionujących rozwiązania przyjęte przez ustawodawcę. Polemika została podjęta w szczególności w zakresie zagadnienia sprawy gospodarczej, postrzegania przedsiębiorcy, czy kognicji sądów (wydziałów) gospodarczych.
Budaya Baca Tulis Dan Kemampuan Berbahasa Asing Siswa Melalui Program Gerakan Literasi Madrasah (GELEM)
Authors: Siti Niswatun Chasanah  , Rohana Maryam  , Ali Sukamtono
Published: December 2022

The aim of this research is to create a Madrasah environment to become a lifelong learning environment by cultivating good reading, listening, writing and speaking activities. The research approach is a mixed method combining qualitative and quantitative using random sampling and interview techniques. Sampling is based on the calculation of 10% of the population, thus getting 46 samples. The population in this study were all students of MTsN 16 Jombang. The data collection technique was by distributing questionnaires. The results showed that there was an effect of literacy on students' foreign language skills through the madrasah literacy movement program
Problematic Issues of Liability for Crimes against Justice in the Criminal Law Doctrine
Authors: HRYSHCHUK VICTOR , PALIUKH LIDIIA
Published: December 2022

The study of problematic issues of responsibility for crimes and misdemeanours against justice becomes particularly relevant, considering the reform of judicial proceedings, and the discussion in the scientific community of the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine. The study applied a dialectical approach and the corresponding method, a systematic approach, methods of system analysis, technical and legal analysis, formal and logical, and sociological approaches. The purpose of this study is to formulate proposals on the structure of the division on responsibility for crimes, misdemeanours that encroach on the established procedure of legal proceedings, execution of court decisions, initial provisions on the regulation of the material basis of criminal liability for certain groups of encroachments on the established procedure of legal proceedings, execution of court decisions, approaches to criminal law protection of professional advocacy in the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the criterion for systematisation of norms within the structural division of the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine on responsibility for encroachment on the established procedure for legal proceedings and enforcement of court decisions should be taken as a specific object of relevant crimes and misdemeanours. It is proposed to provide in the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine responsibility for interference in the activities of special victims – participants in relations on the implementation of legal proceedings and the execution of court decisions with differentiation of forms of such influence on the relevant victims depending on its intensity, which, accordingly, have different degrees of public danger. The expediency of placing in the structural unit of the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine on liability for crimes and misdemeanours against justice, the rules protecting social relations that ensure the activities of the defender, the representative of the person has been substantiated. At the same time, it is proposed to provide for a separate provision in the structural subdivision of the special part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, where the object is social relations to ensure the socio-economic rights of a person, which would establish liability for intentional obstruction of a lawyer in the exercise of their lawful professional activity, in the absence of signs of criminal offences providing for liability for unlawful influence on a defender or representative. The provisions and proposals formulated by this study may be useful when developing the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine.
Special Ways to Protect the Inheritance Rights of Minors
Authors: BARANKEVYCH ANNA
Published: December 2022

The relevance of the subject matter is primarily conditioned by the specific features of the civil status of minors as participants in hereditary legal relations. Their lack of absolute autonomy and legal independence requires the use of special ways to protect their inheritance rights, but the structured list of special ways to protect them is not legally consolidated. The purpose of the study is to identify and reveal the essence of special methods of protection that can be applied in case of violation of the inheritance rights of minors. Using the method of analysis, the content of the legal nature of special ways to protect the inheritance rights of minors is clarified. The comparative legal method helped determine how much external objective factors and social factors determine the choice of certain special ways to protect the inheritance rights of minors. As a result of the conducted research, the content of special methods of protecting inheritance rights is revealed. The expediency of applying specific special methods of protection to hereditary legal relations involving minors is substantiated. The features of protecting the inheritance rights of minors are illustrated. The following special ways of protecting the inheritance rights of minors are identified and analysed: invalidation of the certificate of inheritance rights; reduction of the size of the mandatory share; interpretation of the will carried out by the court; recognition of the will (separate order) as invalid; certification of the fact that an individual (legal entity) is the executor of the will. Special ways of protecting inheritance rights, consolidated in civil legislation, are investigated, considering the specifics of the legal status of the subject whose inheritance rights are violated. It is indicated that the level of effectiveness of such methods of protection depends primarily on the type of right that has been violated and is subject to protection. It is noted that in practice, the chosen algorithm for protecting the inheritance rights of minors should first of all ensure the effectiveness of protecting the violated right. The results of the study can be used in notarial activities when it is necessary to ensure compliance with the rights and legitimate interests of a minor as an heir. In addition, the conclusions of the study are of practical importance for ensuring the unity of judicial practice in resolving inheritance disputes involving a minor and for choosing the most effective way to protect their rights.
Discrimination of Housing Rights of Certain Categories of Persons in Ukraine
Authors: TEREMETSKYI VLADYSLAV , AVRAMOVA OLGA
Published: December 2022

This paper is devoted to the problem of housing discrimination. The relevance of the study is conditioned, on the one hand, by the presence of facts indicating the existence of discriminatory phenomena in the housing sector, and on the other – by the lack of modern research on this issue. In addition, researchers have not yet established a stable terminology on discrimination issues and have not revealed the characteristic features of housing discrimination as a civil category. The solution of these problems is important both for further theoretical and legal developments in this area, and for bringing national legislation in line with international standards as soon as possible. The purpose of the study is to define the essence and features of housing discrimination as a civil category, identify its facts and grounds. The research material includes statistical data on the number and situation of vulnerable persons in the housing sector in Ukraine, facts of discrimination in Ukrainian society; scientific publications on housing rights and housing discrimination; report of the Commissioner for Human Rights in Ukraine for 2020; national legislation; statistics of internally displaced persons in 2022, etc. The materials and objectives of the study determined the choice of research methods. The primary method is axiological, which allows substantiating the value of housing for a person. Methods of analysis and synthesis helped identify general approaches to the concept of discrimination, characterise its grounds, and formulate a definition of housing discrimination. It is established that housing discrimination is a restriction of the right to housing, as a result of which a person does not have the opportunity to purchase housing and live in it. It was found out that most often a vulnerable group of people (internally displaced persons, families with children, homosexual couples, etc.) face housing discrimination. It is noted that national legislation does not distinguish housing discrimination as an independent legal category. The paper describes the content and features of housing discrimination in Ukraine. The characteristics (gender, nationality, citizenship, age, sexual orientation, family residence without marriage registration, the presence of children and animals, internal displacement) that cause housing discrimination and inability to exercise the proper right to housing are established. It is proved that discrimination can manifest itself in refusal to conclude or extend a lease/rental agreement, unjustified rent increases, etc. The paper can be used for further scientific study by young researchers dealing with the problems of improving housing legislation.
Hygiene Sanitasi Pada Makanan di Angkringan 26 Ilir Kota Palembang
Authors: MU Maria Ulfah
Published: December 2022

Background : Food presentation is the final series of food journey. Hygiene and foodsanitation issues are very important, especially in public places that are closely relating o services for many people such as hospitals, restaurants or restaurants and streetvendors. Objective: to determine the presence or absence of Esherichia Coli bacteriain food at Angkringan 26 Ilir, Palembang City in 2021. This study in June-July 2021. Methods: This study used laboratory testing and observation methods with 11 samples of food sold at Angkringan 26 Ilir. The results of the microbiology laboratory test of Esherichia Coli bacteria were all negative. Results: The results showed that personal hygiene did not pay attention to cleanliness in the places wherethey sell, there were 3 traders who still did not get used to washing their hands before touching food, there are 9 traders who did not wear aprons when touching food, there were 5 traders who did not use tools/hand mats when handling food. touching food, and 5 male traders serving food while smoking. From the results of observations in the clean liness of food processing places, it was found that there were 4 traders who didnot provide a clean place, and there were 4 traders who did not provide trash cans. From the results of observations of food presentation there are 7 traders who serve itcold, and there are 6 traders who serve food not in a closed state. Suggestion: Based on observations made to traders, personal hygiene needs to be improved, especially wearing an apron when handling food and getting used to washing hands so that the food to be touched is not contaminated with microbiology that can cause disease
Understanding Among Academicians Towards Healthy Diet
Authors: Tejal Sharma  , Marij Zahoor Ganaie  , Dr. Payal Mahajan
Published: December 2022

A healthy diet is fundamental for good wellbeing and nourishment. It safeguards you against numerous persistent noncommunicable sicknesses, like coronary illness, diabetes and disease. Eating different food sources and consuming less salt, sugars and immersed and economically created trans-fats, are fundamental for sound eating regimen. The main objectives of the study to find out knowledge, attitude and practices towards healthy diet among academicians of Gurgaon. The study underscores healthy diet related knowledge, attitude and practice of academicians and found out even if there is knowledge, indifference attitude and the practice of having a healthy diet is meagre. A lot of academicians were overweight. Hence, proper target-oriented interventions were implemented. A booklet was provided having information about healthy diet and its importance and also several healthy recipes were included in it.
This study is expected to provide important information to better understand the importance of healthy diet. Thus, the result of this study will contribute to academician’s health by making awareness about the unhealthy or poor dietary practices followed and reduce the risk associated with it.
Adsorption Characteristics of Some Azo Dye on Nanobiocomposite in a Column Operation
Authors: Mitali Sarkar  , Pankaj Sarkar
Published: December 2022

Unfixed dyes released from various industries directly impact on the environment quality which is quite alarming and a matter of concern. In the present study, the removal of a carcinogenic azo dye, congo red (CR), was modelled for column adsorption dynamics following batch study in aqueous solution using iron modified cellulose nanobead. The effect of process parameters has been described for both batch and column study. Adsorption capacity of CR in the batch mode and column mode was calculated to be 3.29 and 8.69 mg g−1 respectively. The elution of retained CR from FeCNB phase was performed using 1.0 x 10-1 mol dm-3 NaOH and the maximum elution was found to be 81.25%. The experimental data were well described by BDST model.
Clinical-Epidemiological Profile and Health-Related Quality of Life of Women with Breast Cancer During Chemotherapy Treatment: Observational Study
Authors: Marinho Pabliane Matias Lordelo , Lima Ricardo Barbosa , Santos José Cleyton de Oliveira , Santos Dayane Ketlyn da Cunha , Silva Glebson Moura , Kameo Simone Yuriko , Sawada Namie Okino
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Breast cancer may affect different profiles of women worldwide. In addition, chemotherapy to treat breast neoplasms directly affects health-related quality of life. Objective: To describe the clinical-epidemiological profile and to compare the general and specific health-related quality of life of women with breast cancer during chemotherapy. Method: In an observational and prospective study, 140 women with breast cancer in northeastern Brazil were evaluated in the intermediate cycle and at the end of chemotherapy. Quality of life was assessed using a general instrument (EORTC-QLQ-C30) and a specific module (EORTC-QLQ-BR23). Data were compared with a paired non-parametric test, with a significance level of 5%. Results: Regarding the clinical-epidemiological profile, the median age was 50 years, 82.9% were black or mixed-race, and 95% lived in Sergipe, Brazil. In addition, 50.7% had no occupation, the median family income was one minimum wage, as well as the median of education was eight years of study and only 40.7% have completed high school. Considering the data from the C30 and BR23 questionnaires, it was observed that most items and scales worsened at the end of chemotherapy when compared to the intermediate cycle. Among the items and scales with significant differences, most had moderate or high effect sizes. Conclusion: It is possible to conclude that the clinical-epidemiological profile was unfavorable and chemotherapy reduced several aspects of the health-related quality of life of women with breast cancer.
Interaction between rs4073 IL-8 gene polymorphism, serum IL-8 and development of alcoholic hepatitis
Authors: Arisheva O.S. , Ivanov A.S. , Garmash I.V. , Goreva L.A. , Markova M.A. , Avdoshina S.V. , Terebilina N.N. , Pirozhkov S.V. , Baronets V.Yu. , Peregud D.I. , Kobalava Zh.D.
Published: December 2022

To study the interrelations between the rs4073 polymorphism of the IL-8 gene, IL-8 serum levels and severity of alcoholic hepatitis (AH).
Men and Masculinities in Pandemic: Illness Narratives and Social Isolation Experiences of Men Diagnosed with COVID-19 in Turkey
Authors: Çarpar Mehmet Can
Published: December 2022

This qualitative study aims to understand the illness narratives and social isolation experiences of men living in Turkey to examine the relationship between traditional masculinity norms and the pandemic. The data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with 13 men who were diagnosed with COVID-19 and four women whose spouses were diagnosed with COVID-19. According to data, the COVID-19 pandemic has (re)showed that traditional masculinity roles can damage men’s health and make men vulnerable to diseases. In addition to these health-related outcomes of the pandemic, traditional masculinity norms have also affected men’s social lives. It is seen that the men who have grown up in a more patriarchal social environment may experience the pandemic as a kind of masculinity loss and react in a more sexist way. But, there may also be positive scenarios in the future, since it is seen that the pandemic may cause men to change positively.
Association of Serum Prealbumin With Nutritional Status of End-Stage Renal Disease Patients Under Maintenance Hemodialysis
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Syfur , Sultana Tayeba , Sultana Tahera , Alam Syed Asif Ul , Ershad Sk Md , Hossain Sorowar
Published: December 2022

Background: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis often suffer from malnutrition. The primary objective of the study was to measure the level of serum prealbumin, assess the correlation of serum prealbumin with modified subjective global assessment score and determine a cut-off value for prealbumin that can estimate the nutritional status of the study population with highest accuracy, among ESRD patients under maintenance hemodialysis.
Methods: A one year long cross-sectional study from July 2016 to June 2017 was conducted at hemodialysis unit of SSMC & MH, BSMMU, BIRDEM hospital and NIKDU, Dhaka, among 80 maintenance hemodialysis patients. Adult patients over the age of 18 years and on regular (≥2 sessions per week) hemodialysis for more than 3 months without any acute infection were enrolled. Nutritional status of the patients was evaluated using modified subjective global assessment score. Serum prealbumin level was compared with both anthropometric and biochemical parameters, as well as with modified SGA score. Using modified SGA score as gold standard, receiver operating characteristic curve was used to estimate best fitting cut-off value for serum prealbumin for nutritional assessment among ESRD patients under maintenance hemodialysis.
Results: Mean age of study population was 52.3 years and 66.3% respondents were male. Most prominent primary renal diseases were diabetic nephropathy (48.8%). According to modified SGA score, 10% of the study population had normal nutritional status and 90% had mild to moderate malnutrition. Mean serum prealbumin was 27.8 mg/dl. Serum prealbumin showed significant negative correlation with age, modified SGA score and triglyceride; significant positive correlation was shown with BMI, serum creatinine and serum albumin. Using receiver operating characteristic curve, 32.6 mg/dl was found to be the best fitting cut-off value for nutritional assessment with 73.6% sensitivity, 62.5% specificity and 72.5% accuracy.
Conclusion: Data obtained from this study strongly indicates that serum prealbumin can be used as a marker for nutritional assessment among ESRD patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.
JOPSOM 2021; 40(2):9-15
Fecal and cloacal microbiomes of cold-stunned loggerhead Caretta caretta, Kemp’s ridley Lepidochelys kempii, and green sea turtles Chelonia mydas
Authors: Forbes ZR , Scro AK , Patel SH , Dourdeville KM , Prescott RL , Smolowitz RM
Published: December 2022

Investigating animal gut microbiomes can lead to a better understanding of their foraging preferences and their overall health. In this study, the fecal and cloacal microbiomes of 4 cold-stunned, frozen loggerhead Caretta caretta, 9 Kemp’s ridley Lepidochelys kempi, and 5 green sea turtles Chelonia mydas that stranded on beaches in Massachusetts, USA, were surveyed. Cloacal swabs and in situ fecal samples were collected from each turtle. From the extracted DNA, the hypervariable V1-V3 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were amplified with PCR, then sequenced using next generation Illumina MiSeq technology. Fecal and cloacal microbiomes were primarily composed of the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes. Microbial communities varied significantly based on location of the gut sampled. Cloacal samples were largely dominated by Proteobacteria, while fecal samples appeared to have a greater distribution of taxa and higher alpha diversity. Green turtles had a higher abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes than Kemp’s ridley and loggerhead turtles, but a lower abundance of Proteobacteria. The information gained from this study contributes to knowledge of cold-stunned sea turtle gut microbiomes and may eventually be applied to rehabilitation efforts.
Sediment macrofaunal response to the diel oxygen cycle
Authors: Gadeken KJ , Dorgan KM
Published: December 2022

Infauna exhibit a range of behavioral responses to declining dissolved oxygen concentrations that affect their burrowing and feeding behaviors. Diel oxygen cycles, common in shallow coastal areas, may drive changes in faunal behavior that affect sediment mixing. In this laboratory study we exposed 3 species, the burrowing ophiuroid Hemipholis cordifera, the tube-dwelling polychaete Owenia fusiformis, and the burrowing clam Ameritella versicolor, to 60 h of diel cycling dissolved oxygen in the overlying water, with oxygen concentration varying between 2 and 7 mg l-1. We observed the study organisms’ behaviors and evaluated their sediment mixing activity using luminophores applied to the sediment surface. We found that sediment mixing activity of all 3 taxa, measured as percent decrease in luminophore coverage, varied proportionally with dissolved oxygen concentration during the diel cycle. Observations of animal behavior did not reveal a diel pattern, though this was likely due to the temporal and spatial scale of observations. Our results also indicated that diel cycling oxygen may change faunal effects on the sediment in ways that only emerge after more than a single cycle. Measuring sediment mixing in sustained full oxygen saturation may produce misleading estimates over time, and future research should investigate how faunal responses to short-term variability can scale to have longer-term effects.
Overview of Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Pantazis Antonis
Published: December 2022

Antonis Pantazis, Consultant Cardiologist at the Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and North Middlesex University Hospital in London, UK, and Chairperson of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases, provided an expert insight into the various aspects of obstructive hypertonic cardiomyopathy (HCM) during an EMJ- conducted podcast.

Pantazis opened the podcast by providing a definition of HCM and describing this clinical condition, discussing the typical symptoms and diagnostic tests that can be performed. Pantazis then explained the demographics of those diagnosed with HCM, followed by the treatment options currently available, with the aims and limitations of these being described. Pantazis presented a case study of a female patient who was diagnosed with HCM following their sister’s diagnosis. They were initially reluctant to have surgery but changed their mindset as the symptoms of HCM progressed and became increasingly life-limiting. The podcast concluded with lifestyle recommendations for patients with HCM, including type and intensity of exercise prescription.
Judicial protection in the system of ensuring human and civil rights and freedoms in Ukraine
Authors: Korniienko P. S.
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to judicial forms of protection of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen as an important part of human rights in Ukraine. The provisions of the current procedural legislation, comparing approaches to securing the possibility of recourse to court to protect the rights and freedoms are analyzed in the article. Theoretical views on judicial protection of human rights as part of the mechanism in Ukraine are also studied. Particular attention is drawn to the constitutional reform of justice in Ukraine, especially its impact on the implementation and the possibility of judicial protection of rights and freedoms of man and citizen. The important theoretical and practical issues of the right to judicial protection of human rights mechanisms in Ukraine are described.

Key words: аdvocacy, rights and freedoms of man and citizen, legal protection, judicial authorities, the constitutional reform of justice
Legal monitoring of the formation and development of positive law (theoretical-historical aspect)
Authors: Lutcky R. P.
Published: December 2022

The aim of the research is to identify the main stages that the current law passed in the course of its evolution. And focus attention that in the beginning of the development of humanity law existed in the form of «custom» (the customary normative system), from which in the process of its development formed a modern «current law» (positive law). Which is characterized by complex hierarchical connections and special rules of acceptance. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, systemicity, science, interdisciplinary. The following general-historical methods have been used: historiographical analysis, historical-genetic, terminological analysis, comparative, typological. The scientific novelty of the basis of a wide range of published and unpublished researches of in the sphere of the principles of the formation of law we have systematized and substantiated the formula of cause-effect relationships, which ultimately made a decisive influence on modern positive law.

Conclusions. The current lаw, as well as the formation of the state, has undergone a significant historical path of its formation and development from the primitive custom to the established positive law of the state. At the same time, in the early states, the customary way of legal regulation prevailed, even under persistent and ever- strengthened attempts by public authorities to influence the legal life of the contemporary society and dominate it through the judicial and administrative apparatus.

The very origins and principles of the current legislation can be found in the social regulation of the primitive society, which was carried out, first of all, with the help of customs, taboos, morals, etc. At the same time, the main principles of customary law as the first form of positive law were mythological and religious principles, which also evolved and were supplemented in the process of further development of its forms. The origins of the current legislation, which reflect the historical beginning of its phased formation and development, are different in certain time and social terms.

As for the current lаw, it arose in the conditions of gradual and long-term formation of socially heterogeneous society, as well as development, first of all, socio-economic relations. At the same time, the historical conditions of the emergence of the officially established modern positive law, that is, the law of law, are formed, including, and through the prism of social interests, layers close to the state apparatus. These circumstances made it possible to make such managerial decisions that would better protect their property rights and opportunities through the prism of the formation of positive law, which has a universal character for the whole society.

Key words: society, state, positive law, absolute law
Human rights and security in the conditions of modern challenges and threats
Authors: Makarenko L. O.
Published: December 2022

In the article, human rights, respect for them, observance and protection are considered as a universal ideal, the basis of progressive development, a prerequisite for stability and stability of society. The need to protect life and health, ensure the inviolability of the person, freedom, and property, turns the task of cognitive and practical solution of this problem into an integral part of the life cycle of a person and society, the functioning and development of political and legal systems.

It is noted that human rights are called the core of meaningful democracy. In the last few revolutionary decades, humanity learned a hard lesson: without the protection of human rights, there can be neither democracy nor any justification for democracy.

It is emphasized that we live in a time when we have to overcome new threats that have appeared on the historical horizon: pollution and degradation of the global environment, overpopulation, depletion of natural resources, international terrorism, armed aggression, etc. Attention is focused on Russia’s military attack on Ukraine, which took place on February 24, 2022 and is a continuation of the Russian-Ukrainian war launched by Russia in 2014. From the first day of the invasion, Russia has been violating the rules of war and committing crimes against humanity and war crimes on a massive scale, in particular, mass murders, torture and rape of the civilian population, kidnapping and torture of Ukrainian and international journalists, politicians and public figures, deportation of Ukrainian citizens, etc. All these crimes do not have a statute of limitations and require conscientious recording in order to further punish criminals at all levels, compensate for damages, and deputize Russian society.

As a conclusion, attention is focused on the fact that the main duty of our state is to ensure human security, which can be achieved only by eliminating the causes of threats to a person, his rights and freedoms. Guaranteeing the safety of individuals, society and the state against external and internal threats requires the creation of appropriate conditions for the implementation of state policy aimed at protecting national values and realizing the national interests of Ukraine.

Key words: human rights, security, human security, crimes, crimes against humanity, war crimes.
Protection of human rights in the field of security and defense in the modern world (Institute of Military Ombudsman)
Authors: Batanov O. V.
Published: December 2022

The article considers the problems of organization and functioning of the institute of military ombudsman in foreign countries. Emphasis is placed on the problematic aspects of the formation of its function of protecting the constitutional rights of servicemen in connection with changes in the legal framework of democratic civilian control in Ukraine. It is emphasized that in determining the place of the military ombudsman in the system of state authorities it is necessary to take into account the institutional aspects of democratic control in the context of models of military-civil relations. The Ombudsman Institute for the Protection of the Rights of Military Personnel is in the first place necessary as an element of the system of democratic civil control in which the Ombudsman can fully exercise his legal nature as a parliamentary control body. It turns out that in the framework of the model of civilian control, «army under the control of parliament», the institution of the Ukrainian Parliament Commissioner for Defense (for the protection of the rights of military personnel) will complement and extend the function of parliamentary control over the objects of democratic civilian control. Such a system of protection of the rights of military personnel requires Ukraine for the democratic development of military-civilian relations.

It is argued that broad specialization and the presence of a military ombudsman are due to strong traditions of democracy. The necessity of introduction of the institute of military ombudsman in Ukraine is substantiated. Relevant arguments are presented, which are of particular importance in the context of a full-scale armed invasion of the Russian Federation into the territory of Ukraine and the ongoing Russian-Ukrainian war.

Key words: Ukrainian Parliament Commissioner for Human Rights; Institution of the Ombudsman; Ombudsman; Military Ombudsman; Constitutional Rights of Military Personnel; Protection of the Rights of Military Personnel.
Formation of the police officers professional culture in modern Ukraine: forms and context
Authors: Husariev S. D. , Starytska O. О.
Published: December 2022

The article suggests that one of the components, what characterizes the development of a civilized society is culture, including the legal one, which forms the basis of professional culture. The issue of formation of professional legal culture is especially acute during the military situation, where the activity of police officers can be considered a bright example of its manifestation. It is in this sphere that the most closely described connection between enforcement officers with the civilian population, under the time of rights and freedoms protection. The purpose of the article is to characterize the basic forms and elements of the content of the educational process, used in the system of professional training of police, and also highlighting aspects of the military situation in the country on the level of professional culture of employees.

A number of scientific methods and approaches are used by authors to realize the set goal, namely: germeneutical approach to interpretation of scientific positions of different authors on the issue of legal culture and training; method of systematization, application of which will allow to separate forms of legal training, which have a positive influence on the formation of professional culture of the police officer; comparison – for revealing educational means, forms, which have a greater degree of efficiency; methods of logic, which will allow to establish cause-effect connection of conditions and factors of the military situation in the country with forms of legal training.

The professional and legal culture of the police officer is characterized by the presence of the form, the manifestation of which is observed in the process of performance of service and combat tasks, and contests, what consists of a system of legal knowledge, ideas, values, understanding of the importance of the law, the role of the legal foundations of social life, as well as skills and readiness of legal behavior actions.

In the process of research the authors have established that the forms of legal education of policeman include education, practice, self-education, agitation and propaganda. At the same time, the main elements of internal filling of such forms (contest) in the period of military condition include knowledge, ideas, concepts, and for additional – motivation and readiness to the acts of realization, because they are claimed during the war, they characterize the internal stability of the person and devotion to their profession.

As a conclusion, attention is drawn to the fact that during the military situation practice and self-ovulation are the main forms of legal training of police officers.

Key words: professional culture, legal training, police officer, military status, legal education, self-education, practice, national idea, knowledge, propaganda.
Breve descripción histórica de la sociología de la salud
Authors: Balarezo-López Gunther Naldo
Published: December 2022

Se hizo una revisión bibliográfica de la literatura publicada sobre la relación entre las ciencias sociales, especialmente la sociología, y la medicina. Para ello, se analizaron diversas publicaciones y se resumió los aspectos más relevantes. El objetivo fue hacer una reflexión sobre el surgimiento de la sociología de la salud como disciplina, y su relación con la medicina, dado que, a pesar de que la enfermedad siempre ha estado ligada a aspectos socioculturales, recién a mediados del siglo pasado, la medicina reconoce la importancia de la sociología en la explicación del proceso salud-enfermedad. Aún así, fueron pocas las ocasiones en que los sociólogos formaron parte de un equipo multidisciplinario con los profesionales médicos. En la actualidad, los sociólogos participan con profesionales de la medicina en investigaciones, para dar explicación a problemas de salud que afectan a las personas.
Job Satisfaction Analysis of Nurses Using Science and Cano Integration
Authors: Budhiana Johan , Dewi Rosliana , Fatmala Syiva Dwi
Published: December 2022

Aim: Important success elements for health care include nursing services. The best possible nurse job satisfaction is required since nurses play a significant role in patient care. The goal of the study was to evaluate nurses' job satisfaction at Jampangkulon General Hospital in the West Java Province by combining the IPA and KANO techniques.
Methods: Research of this kind is descriptive. A sample of 120 nurses from the population of nurses in the inpatient room at Jampangkulon General Hospital in the West Java Province. employing the proportional random sampling method for sampling. The Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire was the research tool that was employed. A questionnaire was utilized for data collecting.
Results: The average value of the importance level was 3.60, the average value of the performance level was 3.51, the average value of the gap level was -0.09, the CSI value was 0.70, and based on the IPA-KANO integration, it showed three priorities: performing work following one's profession as a nurse; receiving compensation commensurate with one's work; and working in conducive conditions (temperature, lighting, air circulation, and cleanliness) where one can perform one's duties.
Conclusion: The results highlight key performance metrics, including working in line with one's profession as a nurse and being paid appropriately for the work performed. It is intended that the Jampangkulon General Hospital in the West Java Province will periodically survey employees to gauge their level of job satisfaction.
Uma cartografia de mulheres em situação de periferia: sofrimento e produção de felicidade
Authors: Brito Gabriela Toassi , Jesus Lenuzia Pasqualli de , Pecoraro Tatiane , Cunha Renata dos Santos da
Published: December 2022

Esta pesquisa propôs cartografar a realidade de mulheres que vivem em um bairro da periferia, assumindo como norteadores o sofrimento e a produção de felicidade. Para isso, parte da perspectiva teórica feminista e pós-estruturalista, que busca compreender os territórios existênciais em que sofrimento e felicidade emergem na vida dessas mulheres. A cartografia como método é uma prática de pesquisa e de investigação, de um processo que busca entender os atravessamentos de vida e potencialidades das mulheres estudadas, a partir da narrativa de suas histórias de vida. A pesquisa foi composta por cinco entrevistadas, residentes de um mesmo bairro, que foram escolhidas por conveniência, ou seja, pela disponibilidade em receber as entrevistadoras em suas casas. Os resultados encontrados apontam para histórias de vida com muitas violações de direitos, abandono afetivo e necessidade de constante desterritorialização. Para elas, a felicidade se dá nos atravessamentos da maternidade e da fé.
A nanohybrid synthesized by polymeric assembling Au(I)-peptide precursor for anti-wrinkle function
Authors: Liu Dan , Huang Yinong , Mao Jian , Jiang Cheng , Zheng Lei , Wu Qimei , Cai Hong , Liu Xiaojing , Dai Jingyao
Published: December 2022

A major sign of aging is wrinkles (dynamic lines and static lines) on the surface of the skin. In spite of Botulinum toxin’s favorable therapeutic effect today, there have been several reports of its toxicity and side effects. Therefore, the development of an effective and safe wrinkle-fighting compound is imperative. An antioxidant-wrinkle effect was demonstrated by the peptide that we developed and synthesized, termed Skin Peptide. Aiming at the intrinsic defects of the peptide such as hydrolysis and poor membrane penetration, we developed a general approach to transform the Skin Peptide targeting intracellular protein-protein interaction into a bioavailable peptide-gold spherical nano-hybrid, Skin Pcluster. As expected, the results revealed that Skin Pcluster reduced the content of acetylcholine released by neurons in vitro, and then inhibit neuromuscular signal transmission. Additionally, human experiments demonstrated a significant de-wrinkle effect. Moreover, Skin Pcluster is characterized by a reliable safety profile. Consequently, anti-wrinkle peptides and Skin Pcluster nanohybrids demonstrated innovative anti-wrinkle treatments and have significant potential applications.
Mechanical model of the over-stroke displacement behaviour for double concave surface slider anti-seismic devices
Authors: Di Cesare Antonio , Ponzo Felice Carlo , Telesca Alessio
Published: December 2022

For double concave curved surface slider (DCCSS) isolators with a flat rim and lacking restrainers, such as those most commonly used in Europe, the rigid slider can exceed the geometrical capability of the housing plate during earthquakes stronger than those produced in simulations. During this over-stroke displacement, DCCSSs preserve the ability to support superstructure gravity loads and the capacity to dissipate energy. There are currently no applicable hysteresis rules or available algebraic solutions that can be used to predict over-stroke behaviour for response-history analysis. This study presents an algebraic solution to extend basic theories for estimating the actual limit displacement of DCCSS devices with over-stroke capacity. DCCSS behaviour in the over-stroke sliding regime was modelled with a focus on geometrical compatibility and kinematics. The proposed analytical formulation was calibrated on the basis of experimental controlled-displacement tests performed on single DCCSS devices. A case study of a six-storey reinforced concrete frame isolated building was modelled using a combination of non-linear elements that are currently available in several structural analysis software packages and able to correctly model over-stroke displacement behaviour for non-linear time history analyses. The DCCSS model was augmented with a friction model capable of accounting for torsional effects, axial load, and velocity variabilities. Comparison with non-linear dynamic analysis outcomes shows that the forces and displacements in the over-stroke sliding regime are predictable and therefore useful for the designer.
Mesenchymal stem cells in radiation-induced lung injury: From mechanisms to therapeutic potential
Authors: Hou Guowen , Li Jinjie , Liu Wenyun , Wei Jinlong , Xin Ying , Jiang Xin
Published: December 2022

Radiotherapy (RT) is an effective treatment option for multiple thoracic malignant tumors, including lung cancers, thymic cancers, and tracheal cancers. Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a serious complication of radiotherapy. Radiation causes damage to the pulmonary cells and tissues. Multiple factors contribute to the progression of Radiation-induced lung injury, including genetic alterations, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses. Especially, radiation sources contribute to oxidative stress occurrence by direct excitation and ionization of water molecules, which leads to the decomposition of water molecules and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Subsequently, reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species overproduction can induce oxidative DNA damage. Immune cells and multiple signaling molecules play a major role in the entire process. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent stem cells with multiple differentiation potentials, which are under investigation to treat radiation-induced lung injury. Mesenchymal stem cells can protect normal pulmonary cells from injury by targeting multiple signaling molecules to regulate immune cells and to control balance between antioxidants and prooxidants, thereby inhibiting inflammation and fibrosis. Genetically modified mesenchymal stem cells can improve the natural function of mesenchymal stem cells, including cellular survival, tissue regeneration, and homing. These reprogrammed mesenchymal stem cells can produce the desired products, including cytokines, receptors, and enzymes, which can contribute to further advances in the therapeutic application of mesenchymal stem cells. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms of radiation-induced lung injury and discuss the potential of Mesenchymal stem cells for the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced lung injury. Clarification of these key issues will make mesenchymal stem cells a more fantastic novel therapeutic strategy for radiation-induced lung injury in clinics, and the readers can have a comprehensive understanding in this fields.