bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence of dry eye after radiotherapy for head and neck tumours: a tertiary Care Hospital North West Rajasthan
Authors: Jain Kalpna , Sagar Vinod , Maharia Sarita , Kumar H. S.
Published: July 2021

Background: Radiotherapy plays a critical role in the management of many patients with head-and-neck (H&N) cancer. To study the incidence of dry eye associated with radiotherapy and correlate them with dose of radiation.Methods: This Hospital based prospective study comprises of 100 patients of head and neck tumors who received radiotherapy by linear accelerator from 2015 to 2017. Ocular examination was done prior to the start of therapy, 1st follow up at 15th day of therapy, 2nd at last day of therapy (23-35 fraction), 3rd at 3 months after completion of therapy for side effects, 4th at 6 months, 5th at 12 month and 6th at 18 months after completion of therapy for assessing dry eye.Results: 59% patients developed dry eye. 44 patients received dose 45-55 Gy and out from these 13 (29.50%) patients developed dry eye, 40 patients received dose 56-65 Gy and out from these 33 (78.00%) patients developed dry eye and 16 patients received dose 66-70 Gy and out from these 13 (95.00%) patients developed dry eye.Conclusions: We concluded that the incidence of dry eye increased with increased total radiation dose. The current study suggests the importance of total dose as well as dose per fraction despite advancement of radiotherapy techniques and using protective mechanisms for eye complications developed.
Fetuin-A in association with metabolic syndrome and its components
Authors: Singh Manisha , Sreenivasulu Karli , Choudhary Sarita
Published: July 2021

Background: Fetuin-A also known as α-2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein, is a multifunctional plasma glycoprotein. In developing countries like India, the metabolic syndrome (MetS) is on an exponential rise. The factors that characterize MetS are also associated with the atherosclerotic process, in which an important role is played by serum fetuin-A levels. The aim of present study is an assessment of serum fetuin-A level and its association with other components of MetS in age matched healthy controls and MetS subjects.Methods: Total eighty (N=80) subjects (40 MetS cases and 40 age and gender matched controls) were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The fasting venous samples were collected to measure the fasting glucose, lipid profile, glycated hemoglobin, insulin and fetuin-A levels. The serum fetuin levels were estimated by ELISA kit.Results: The serum fetuin-A levels were significantly higher in MetS cases as compared to the control group (p value<0.001). Other components like insulin, HbA1c and HOMA-IR levels were raised in MetS compared to controls. In correlation analysis the serum fetuin-A levels were positively correlated with fasting insulin levels (r=0.36, p=0.02), fasting glucose (r=0.39, p=0.01) and triglycerides (r=0.34, p=0.03). Also, in receiver operating characteristic curve analysis the AUC for fetuin-A is 0.76 (95% CI: 0.65-0.86) was observed.Conclusions: We found that serum fetuin-A levels were strongly and independently associated with MetS. Our finding suggests that fetuin-A could be a useful marker in clinical practice in the future for the early diagnosis of MetS.
The impact of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and high sensitivity C-reactivity protein on carotid intima-media thickness in metabolic syndrome
Authors: Gawali Sangeeta M. , Karandikar Mahesh S.
Published: July 2021

Background: Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a strong predictor of cardiovascular events and associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The CIMT has been widely used as one of the parameters of atherosclerosis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and high sensitivity C-reactive protein on carotid intima-media thickness in metabolic syndrome patients of Western Maharashtra as very sparse data is available.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study of 400 adults (200 cases and 200 control), 18-50 years of age, both the sexes randomly selected from diabetes and obesity OPD at tertiary care hospital. Diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was done according to modified NCEP adult treatment panel III criteria. CIMT was measured by B mode ultrasound (Philips HT-11, Color Doppler), hs-CRP by ELISA method (Cal biotech). Insulin resistance by HOMA-IR (Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance). The predictors of CIMT with various variables were studied by multiple linear regression analysis.Results: We found significant increase in CIMT (0.7895±0.110, p<0.001) in MetS and a positive correlation of CIMT with age, waist to hip ratio, triglyceride levels and systolic blood pressure (p<0.001).Conclusions: Increased carotid intima-media thickness in metabolic syndrome may increase the risk of having a stroke and cardiovascular mortality. It was considered an early deterioration in the arterial intima and is a preclinical stage of atherosclerosis. Early diagnosis and prevention may help to reduce the risk of stroke and cardiovascular mortality.
Emerging role of C-peptide as an early biomarker of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Usmani Rana , Masood Tariq , Kakkar Kanika , Mishra Gunjan , Uniyal Adarsh , Nasa Udit , Kushwaha Rajeev Singh
Published: July 2021

Background: Metabolic syndrome is a health issue of rising concern as it has a correlation with the occurrence of cardiovascular events. Early identification of this syndrome by evaluating levels of biomarkers such as C peptide can help medical professionals prevent the occurrence of life-threatening cardiovascular diseases.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in 89 subjects who were diagnosed to have metabolic syndrome. General Physical examination was done and fasting C peptide and insulin levels were quantified, followed by statistical analysis and their correlation. The prevalence of defining parameters of Metabolic Syndrome as per IDF 2005 was studied.Results: Out of 89 (100%) subjects, 80 (89.8%) subjects (Mean±SD=6.14±3.47) had C- peptide level >1.89 ng/ml which was statistically highly significant (p<0.001). Also, out of 89 (100%) subjects, 67 (24.71%) subjects had insulin level <25 mIU/L which was statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusions: It was thereby concluded that serum C peptide levels were raised in patients of Metabolic syndrome and it is superior to serum Insulin levels as an early biomarker of the same.
Correlation of the expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and HER2/neu with the clinical features and the tumour histopathology in patients of breast carcinoma at mahavir cancer sansthan
Authors: Lata Kumari B. , Nirala Surya K.
Published: July 2021

Background: Breast carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor and the leading cause of cancer death in women, with more than 10,00,000 cases occurring worldwide annually. Its incidence varies from one geographical area to the other.Methods: Cases of all breast conservative surgeries and modified radical mastectomy specimen received for routine histopathological evaluation from the department of onco Surgery, Mahavir Cancer Sansthan, Patna, Bihar, form the source of data for the study.Results: Infiltrating duct cell carcinoma (NOS) type was the commonest type of carcinoma breast in our institute with significant group occurring in more than 45 years of age. ER and PR positive expression was seen in grade 2 tumors and negative expression was seen with tumor size more than 2cm, positive lymph nodes and higher stage of disease. HER2/neu negative expression was seen in the post-menopausal age group, tumor size more than 2 cm, positive lymph nodes and higher stage of disease indicating bad prognosis. HER2/neu expression was inversely related to ER and PR expression. HER2/neu expression was seen in 50% of medullary carcinoma which is rare. Triple negative cases were seen in 22.08% cases of infiltrating duct cell carcinoma indicating bad prognosis.Conclusions: A beforehand knowledge of these immunohistochemical markers can help oncotherapists to initiate a correct form of treatment and improve the survival rate in breast carcinoma patients.
Ossifying fibroma in an adolescent boy and his mother: a case report
Authors: K. Jaseela T. , V. Priya P. , Sundaram Sankar
Published: July 2021

Cemento-ossifying fibroma is a rare benign neoplasm occurring in the tooth bearing areas of mandible and maxilla. Here we report a case of an adolescent boy who presented with swelling in the right side of mandible. It was excised surgically and histopathological diagnosis of cement-ossifying fibroma was made. His mother also had history of cemento-ossifying fibroma 10 years back. This case is being reported for its rare incidence and familial occurrence.
Compliance of universal precautions: ensures safety to health care providers
Authors: Prasad Versha
Published: July 2021

Healthcare workers (HCWs) such as medical doctors, nurses, laboratory staff and aides who work in the hospitals, clinics and other health care settings are frequently exposed to infectious diseases. Some of these infectious diseases have no available vaccination; consequently, these blood borne infections are a major cause of risk for health care worker. The knowledge and awareness of universal precautions is thus essential for all HCWs and other people in at risk occupations. A review of the literature on universal precaution's using Google search engine was done. Twenty one scientific publications on universal precautions and standard precautions were reviewed and summarized. Health care professionals needed to be updated on the principles of universal basic precautions as it had been proven that there were deficiencies in the knowledge and applications of the practice of the universal precautions. To minimise the risks of acquiring HIV, HBV and other blood borne diseases during performance of job duties, workers should be protected from exposure to blood and other body fluids. In order to protect hospital workers, the hospital authorities must provide general information about the danger to be faced in practises, the ways in which AIDS and hepatitis were transmitted and must give general training with mass awareness to the hospital staff. It can be concluded that hospital staff and authorities other are equally responsible and accountable for transmission of these hospital-acquired information.
Postoperative analgesia in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Mendoza-Aceves Rodrigo A. , Gloria-Coronado Paola G. , Madrid Enrique Ortega , Yovanovich Karen Meade , Zavala Mónica Padilla , Banegas-Ruiz Rodrigo , Gómez-Mendoza Francisco Fabian , Soulé-Martínez Christian E. , Barrera-Mera Baltazar , Valderrama-Treviño Alan I.
Published: July 2021

Total knee arthroplasty is commonly performed in patients with end-stage osteoarthritis or rheumatic knee arthritis to relieve joint pain, increase mobility, and improve quality of life. Despite advances in surgical techniques, postoperative pain management in these types of patients is still deficient. An exhaustive review was performed with the available literature, using the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Cochrane databases from 2004 to 2021. The search criteria were formulated to identify reports related to total knee replacement and pain management. Pain after total knee arthroplasty has been shown to involve both peripheral and central pain pathways, which is why various postoperative pain management strategies are currently applied, including patient-controlled analgesia, continuous peripheral nerve blocks, or single injection or local infiltration analgesia. Today local techniques such as periarticular injections are becoming more common in total knee replacement due to their effectiveness in controlling pain without causing muscle weakness. The development of minimally invasive techniques associated with multimodal and preventive analgesia improves recovery rates and early rehabilitation in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty, reducing in-hospital costs, risk of complications, and improving patient satisfaction with chronic osteoarthropathy.
The pattern of traditional and modern bone setting among the people in a selected community in Kano, Nigeria: a comparative study
Authors: Salihu Muhammad Nuhu , Lawal Mamman Muhammad , Musa Abuhuraira Ado , Adigun Waheed Taoreed , Muhammad Faisal
Published: July 2021

Background: Bone setting practices contribute largely to alternative medicine almost all over the world. It’s commonly accessible in large parts of rural populations. The aim of the study was to determine the pattern of traditional and modern bone settings among the people in a selected community in Kano, Nigeria.Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional type of study carried out from January to May 2019 to determine the pattern of traditional and modern bone (TBS and MBS) settings among the people residing in Kano, Nigeria. A simple random sampling technique was used to select a total of 222 study participants from the selected community. In this study, a face-to-face interview technique was used to collect the information from the study participants using a semi-structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) 22.0 version.Results: In this study, about 34.7% were between 31-35 years and most of the respondents (28.4%) had secondary school level of education. Slightly above nine-tenths (90.1%) of the respondents stated that TBS is more preferable than MBS and the reason for preference were fear of amputation/operation (51.0%), lack of knowledge (32.0%), the attitude of health personnel (28.0%) and fear of the application of plaster of paris (25.0%).Conclusions: The finding of this study reveals more than half of the respondents had enough knowledge of both traditional and modern bone settings. The public should be educated about the modern method of bone setting and the complications of traditional bone setting.
Evaluation of non-palpable axillary lymph nodes metastasis with ultrasonography guided fine needle aspiration cytology in carcinoma breast and comparing with histopathological report
Authors: Bansal Sanchit , Singh Rachhpal , Gupta Arun K.
Published: July 2021

Background: Breast malignancies are the second most common cause of cancer related mortality among women. As the size of the primary breast cancer increases, some cancer cells are shed into cellular spaces and transported via the lymphatic network of the breast to the regional lymph nodes, especially the axillary lymph nodes. Objective of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of axillary ultrasound (US) guided fine-needle-aspiration cytology (FNAC) in patients with breast carcinoma, in comparison with the final histological examination (sentinel node biopsy and/or axillary dissection). Methods: This prospective study will be conducted on 40 consecutive patients with biopsy proven breast cancer with clinically negative axilla, who had attending the OPD or IPD in our department of surgery, SGRD hospital Amritsar. All of these patients are planned to undergo surgery (breast conservation or modified radical mastectomy with axillary clearance).Results: Patients detected with LN metastasis on FNAC can directly undergo axillary dissection without the need of any other diagnostic technique like SLNB in non-palpable axillary lymph nodes.Conclusions: Thus, we can conclude that ultrasonography (USG) guided FNAC due to its moderate sensitivity, high specificity and PPV in relation to histopathological examination (HPE) is a good diagnostic technique for diagnosing patients with axillary lymph node metastasis in case of clinically non palpable axillary lymph nodes in carcinoma breast patients.
Study of clinical profile and management of varicose veins in the department of surgery
Authors: Jaykar Ritvik D. , Jadhav Sachin C. , Chaudhari Vivek M.
Published: July 2021

Background: Varicose veins are common problem and are present in at least 10% of the general population. So far as the aetiology is concerned varicose veins mostly occur due to incompetence of their valves. Risk factors for varicose veins include obesity, female sex, inactivity, and family history. Varicose veins do not threaten life and are seldom disabling, but it causes a considerable demand on medical care.Methods: The study was prospective observational single center study. 30 patients were selected for the study which fit in the selection criteria laid down at the beginning of the study. Informed consent was obtained from each patient before any investigations and treatment.Results: The study revealed that the varicose veins of lower limbs are a disease of younger age group, occurring more commonly during third and fifth decades of life. The involvement of long saphenous system was more common.Conclusions: Results of our study are comparable with various other studies in literature.
En-block resection of a giant retroperitoneal lipoma presented as huge abdominal swelling: a case report
Authors: Bagree Rajendra , Agrawal Rishab , Gupta Sweta , Panwar Pradeep , Shukla Veena , Sanjay R.
Published: July 2021

Retroperitoneal lipomas are an extremely rare entity with only less than 20 cases described in the literature so far. They can attain immoderate size due to space provided in the retroperitoneum and cause abdominal symptoms like abdominal pain, swelling and obstipation due to mass effect. Case presented here as of 53 years old male with complaint of abdominal swelling that had been progressive for the last 1 year. On computed tomography (CT) it revealed giant retroperitoneal mass? liposarcoma? occupying the space immensely. Intraoperatively, two giant retroperitoneal tumours were found which did not show any features of infiltration to nearby structures, therefore the sole tumour annihilation was achieved, which was diagnosed as benign lipoma on histopathology report later. The most important differential diagnosis is the well differentiated liposarcoma, which could only be confirmed after resection and histopathological assessment. Retroperitoneal lipomas are clearly not distinguishable from well differentiated liposarcomas on CT guided and USG guided biopsy and thus it could be misleading. Hence surgical resection with negative margins along with histopathological confirmation is treatment of choice with regular follow up to diagnose early recurrence if any.
A case report on adrenocortical carcinoma
Authors: M. Gowri , Girijavallabhan Nair Prashant , J. Arya
Published: July 2021

Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare entity and usually diagnosed at later stages which poses a treatment dilemma and usually results in a bad prognosis. It is the second most aggressive endocrine malignancy after anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Here we report a case in a young male diagnosed incidentally on an ultrasound scan done for abdominal pain. On examination his abdomen was soft with no obvious mass palpable. We are reporting a brief summary of the diagnosis, work up and management of this rare entity in the hope that it may shed some more light on the appropriate management of this elusive condition.
An incidental concurrence causing gastric outlet obstruction
Authors: R. Abhirup H. , Kenchetty Priyanka , Chidananda Aishwarya K.
Published: July 2021

Phytobezoar which is described as an undigested or incompletely digested food. It is an odd cause of gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). The aim of this study is to present and discuss a case of GOO caused by cicatrised duodenal ulcer with a phytobezoar. 71-year-old male, presented with abdominal pain and vomiting (non-bilious) since 3days with peptic ulcer disease for 4 years. Examination and investigations revealed a bezoar requiring emergency surgical intervention. An exploratory laparotomy was conducted. A bezoar was palpated in the stomach and removed through posterior gastrotomy. Vagotomy with Posterior Gastrojejunostomy was done as drainage procedure for cicatrised Duodenal ulcer. GOO caused by phytobezoar can co-exist in patients with previous history of peptic ulcer disease and cicatrised duodenal ulcer. Urgent laparotomy may be indicated.
La relatividad general
Authors: Cartagena Marin Carlos
Published: July 2021

En noviembre de este año, la famosa teoría de la relatividad general de Einstein cumple su primer centenario. En el siguiente texto el profesor Carlos Cartagena Marín nos ofrece un instructivo recorrido por algunos postulados y predicciones de esta apasionante teoría, que cambió de forma radical nuestras concepciones acerca del universo.
Las enfermedades crónicas y degenerativas deberían dar lugar a la eutanasia
Authors: Escobar Triana Jaime
Published: July 2021

A propósito del debate actual sobre la eutanasia, Hojas de El Bosque habló con el Dr. Jaime Escobar Triana, autor de numerosos trabajos sobre la materia.
Los semilleros de investigación
Authors: Rivera Soto Johanna
Published: July 2021

Con el fin de fomentar la formación en investigación de sus estudiantes de pregrado, la Universidad El Bosque ha creado el Programa Institucional de Semilleros de Investigación. En el siguiente texto la profesora Johanna Rivera Soto, encargada de la coordinación del programa, nos habla acerca de losobjetivos, características y retos de este espacio formativo.
De la necesidad de hablar a la sociedad
Authors: Orjuela-Acosta Ana María
Published: July 2021

En el preámbulo de la Declaración mundial sobre la educación superior en el siglo XXI (1998), la Unesco anota que “[d]ado el alcance y el ritmo de las transformaciones, la sociedad cada vez tiende más a fundarse en el conocimiento, razón de que la educación superior y la investigación formen hoy en día parte fundamental del desarrollo cultural, socioeconómico y ecológicamente sostenible de los individuos, las comunidades y las naciones” (s.p.). Con lo anterior se ratifica que la razón de ser de la educación superior es, además de la creación, transmisión y difusión del conocimiento, la búsqueda por la transformación y renovación de sus contextos más cercanos y de la sociedad en general a través de, justamente, las posibilidades de la investigación y la creación. La estrecha y esencial relación academia-sociedad no solo es esencial, sino necesaria para los tiempos que vivimos.
Forty Years On: Just How Life Changing are School Expeditions?
Authors: Allison Peter , Stott Tim , Palmer Clive , Ramirez Maria-Jose
Published: July 2021

Research in outdoor education and more specifically on wilderness expeditions has almost exclusively focused on short-term benefits (<5yrs) despite their findings suggesting these are “life-changing” experiences. This study examined long-term outcomes (40 years later) of three (month-long) adventurous school expeditions to mainland Europe, by staff and pupils from a high school (11- to 16-year-olds) in Scotland in the 1970s. The investigation was initiated by a call for life stories from 45 participants, followed by 10 interviews at a school reunion. The interviews revealed a transference of learning qualities attributed to the expedition, indicating a long-term impact on participants’ personal and/or professional lives, with individuals still drawing upon their expedition experiences some 40 years later. Significant themes emerging were planning and preparation, confidence, and feelings of gratefulness, which led to participants wanting to undertake service that contributes back into society for young peoples’ benefit. This study adds to the knowledge of long-range educational outcomes from school expeditions.
The Cultural Food Dynamic in Ireland
Authors: Nelson Roy
Published: July 2021

Decision making with regards to food choice can be traditionally viewed as an economic transaction, whereby consumers make a choice of which foods they would like to purchase and consume within the framework of how much disposable income they have at any particular time. However, within this framework, research has shown that there is a balance that consumers aim to achieve between the hedonistic qualities of the food and the perceived effects it may have on their health. Consequently, one area that is of significant importance is the concept of how food risks are perceived and how this perception affects the decision- making process. Research has indicated that Irish food consumers use a set of heuristic decision-making tools in order to assist them in making food choices for themselves and their families. These decision-making tools are evoked irrespective of age, gender or social class. This has led to concern (despite numerous health promotion and media campaigns) regarding the national food diet, with imperfections in consumption observed in an increase in obesity, nutritional imbalances and chronic ill health which expose individuals to medical conditions such as cancer and heart disease. The increase risks associated with these are prevalent in Ireland and for many measures Irish consumers rank poorly with other countries in Europe. Although the food choices are predicated by these decision-making tools there are reflections of previous historical dietary choices that persist within the diets pursued today by the majority of Irish consumers. This in addition to the effects of acculturation following recent changes in the demographic structure and the growth global networks for information flow and exchange has resulted in a dynamic food environment with “nutrition echoes” observed in the choices people make.
Digitalization in the Agricultural Sector: Case Study of Bihar and Haryana
Authors: Rehan Anusha , Jain Antra
Published: July 2021

Agriculture is the largest source of livelihood for 58% of India’s population. A self-reliant primary sector is a pre-requisite to promote economic development. However despite this fact and the reality of Two-thirds of people in India who lives in poverty (68.8% of the Indian population lives on less than $2 a day: World Bank); few attempts have been implemented to reach the desired level of agricultural growth. Having said so it is pertinent to align the same goals as laid down as a roadmap to attain the Second Sustainable Development Goal (SDG-2) i.e. ‘Zero Hunger’ and ‘Higher Agricultural Productivity’ by 2030. Stating the brooding fate of a COVID lead silent food crisis that will put the majority of Indian poor at risk, especially the ones in extreme poverty; undivided attention must be provided to the food front; putting food security as a matter of utmost priority. Thereby a technological upgrade is an asset that holds the potential to turn Indian agricultural scenario and pull up the face of food security in India. The objective of this dissertation is to emphasize the importance of technology as a driving force to move the agricultural sector along a more sustainable path.
Societal Panorama of Power: Emancipation of Women or Threat?
Authors: Quadros Hadley , Sibal Vatika
Published: July 2021

The pandemic has brought the world to a standstill. The dearth to survive in the wake of devastation has made humans adapt to the new normal which was never experienced but now has become a protocol. The phrase which was the tagline for global partnerships ‘united we stand, divided we fall’ has now transformed into ‘divided we stand, united we fall’, as a claim to survive this pandemic. In India where the virus has claimed the maximum toll of human lives, continues to fight various battles to survive. On one side, the health workers, doctors, police are risking their lives so that the common man may not be affected while on the other hand, people within the houses are falling victims to domestic and sexual abuse. In the light of the pandemic that has claimed lives as well as loss of employment; the struggle to survive has hit a different tone especially among the lower and the middle income families. The frustration of losing a job is vented on the family members as there remains no source of income to support the family. This article tries to unearth the existing social problems of abuse among men and women at large especially during the pandemic. The principle of resistance is understood in the sexual division of labour where individuals are now trying to be communicating with the outside world while remaining at home.
A Systematic Review of Online Learning during COVID-19 Crisis: An Indian Experience
Authors: Bhat Rouf Ahmad , Kumar Sanjay , Najar Arshad Ahmad , Deshpande Anita
Published: July 2021

In India educational institutions are currently grounded only on traditional methods of learning, they follow the traditional arrangements of face-to-face learning methods in a classroom. Although many educational institutions at different levels (Schools, Colleges, Universities) have also started blended learning, still most of them are stuck with the procedures which are yet to rejuvenate. The sudden burst of CoronaVirus (SARS-CoV-2) shook the entire world and has interrupted all facets of our daily lives. This situation challenged the education system across the world and forced educators to shift to an online mode of teaching overnight. Many academic institutions that were earlier indisposed to change their traditional pedagogical approach had no option but to shift entirely to online teaching-learning. This study elucidates the importance of online learning and elaborates opportunities & challenges of e-learning modes in the time of crisis. This research piece sheds some light on the growth of IT-enabled tools (EdTech) during the time of the pandemic. In concluding interpretations this research article places suggestions for academic institutions on how to deal with challenges associated with online learning.
Increasing Birth Registration for Children of Marginalised Groups in Pakistan
Authors: Idris Iffat
Published: July 2021

This review looks at approaches to promote birth registration among marginalised groups, in order to inform programming in Pakistan. It draws on a mixture of academic and grey literature, in particular reports by international development organizations. While there is extensive literature on rates of birth registration and the barriers to this, and consensus on approaches to promote registration, the review found less evidence of measures specifically aimed at marginalised groups. Gender issues are addressed to some extent, particularly in understanding barriers to registration, but the literature was largely disability-blind. The literature notes that birth registration is considered as a fundamental human right, allowing access to services such as healthcare and education; it is the basis for obtaining other identity documents, e.g. driving licenses and passports; it protects children, e.g. from child marriage; and it enables production of vital statistics to support government planning and resource allocation. Registration rates are generally lower than average for vulnerable children, e.g. from minority groups, migrants, refugees, children with disabilities. Discriminatory policies against minorities, restrictions on movement, lack of resources, and lack of trust in government are among the ‘additional’ barriers affecting the most marginalised. Women, especially unmarried women, also face greater challenges in getting births registered. General approaches to promoting birth registration include legal and policy reform, awareness-raising activities, capacity building of registration offices, integration of birth registration with health services/education/social safety nets, and the use of digital technology to increase efficiency and accessibility.
Editorial
Authors: Santos Gildenir Carolino , Ferreira Danielle Thiago , Souto Leonardo Fernandes
Published: July 2021

É com a imensa satisfação que apresentamos a vocês, o fascículo n.º 1 da Revista Digital de Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação, editada pelo Sistema de Bibliotecas da UNICAMP (SBU). Neste número trazemos profissionais da nossa área, que contribuíram com artigos que apontam para fatos da atualidade. No artigo de Solange Puntel Mostafa (UNIVALI), intitulado: "EAD sim, mas com qual biblioteca?", é relatado o que vem havendo no campo do Ensino a Distância no que tange a participação do profissional da informação. No segundo artigo apresentado por Clarinda Rodrigues Lucas (UNICAMP), intitulado: "Discurso acadêmico disponível em Ciências Humanas: o funcionamento discursivo da indexação em uma base de dados bibliográfica computadorizada", a autora contribui com uma pesquisa divulgada em 1997, que diante de sua relevância mantém-se atual. O Professor Raimundo Nonato Macedo dos Santos (PUC-CAMPINAS), com seu artigo "Produção científica: por que medir? o que medir?", questiona sobre a mensuração da produção científica, e se isso está sendo um fator de importância nas instituições de pesquisa. Os autores Rose Mary Juliano Longo (SENAC-SP) e Waldomiro Vergueiro (USP) em "Gestão da qualidade em serviços de informação do setor público: características e dificuldades para sua implantação", discutem as características e dificuldades para implantação da gestão da qualidade nos serviços de informação na área do setor público. O último artigo "A identificação de conceitos no processo de análise de assunto para indexação", apresentado pela Professora Mariângela Spotti Lopes Fujita (UNESP), traz um estudo sobre a identificação de conceitos na melhora do processo de análise de assunto, no que se refere à indexação.
LAMA KALA II PERSALINAN PADA IBU PRIMIGRAVIDA YANG MENGIKUTI SENAM DAN TIDAK SENAM HAMIL
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Anis Wahyul , Purwanto Bambang
Published: July 2021

Abstrak Latar Belakang: Kehamilan dan persalinan merupakan proses alamiah bagi wanita namun peluang terjadinya komplikasi bisa saja terjadi. Komplikasi yg terjadi selama persalinan menjadi penyumbang angka kematian ibu di Indonesia seperti kala II memanjang. Primigravida merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya kala II memanjang, jika lebih dari 2 jam berisiko 1.42 kali menyebabkan trauma jalan lahir dan perdarahan. Upaya pemerintah untuk mencegah komplikasi tersebut dengan menyelenggarakan senam hamil untuk menyeimbangkan emosional, mental, fisik dan spiritual sehingga mengurangi risiko persalinan lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pada durasi lama kala II persalinan pada primigravida yg mengikuti senam hamil dan tidak senam hamil. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah anlitik observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional, jumlah sampel 92 responden dengan teknik total sampling. Variabel independen adalah senam hamil dan variabel dependen yaitu lama kala II persalinan. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah rekam medis dan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan uji Mann Whitney Test. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel durasi kala II persalinan  p = 0,000 (p<0,05). Kesimpulan: Durasi kala II persalinan pada primigravida yang mengikuti senam hamil lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan ibu yang tidak senam hamil. AbstractBackground: Pregnancy and childbirth are natural processes for women but the chance of complications can occur. Complications that occur during labor contribute to the maternal mortality rate in Indonesia such as elongation in the second period. Primigravida is a risk factor for prolonged stage II, if more than 2 hours the risk is 1.42 times causing trauma to the birth canal and bleeding. Government efforts to prevent these complications by carrying out pregnancy exercises to balance emotional, mental, physical and spiritual thus reducing the risk of prolonged labor. The aim of this study was to determine the differences in the duration of the second stage of labor in primigravidas who followed and did not follow pregnancy exercise. Method: This study was an observational analytic with a cross-sectional design, with a total sample of 92 respondents with a total sampling technique. The independent variable is pregnancy exercise and the dependent variable is the duration of second stage of labor. The instruments used medical records and questionnaires. Data analysis using the Mann Whitney Test. Results: The results showed the variable duration of second stage of labor p = 0,000 (p <0.05). Conclusions: The duration of the second stage of labor in primigravidas who followed pregnancy exercise  was faster than did not follow pregnancy exercise.
PENGARUH IMT IBU HAMIL PREEKLAMPSIA DENGAN LUARAN PERINATAL
Authors: Rahmawati Fadhilah , Aldika Akbar Muhammad Ilham , Atika Atika
Published: July 2021

Abstrak Latar belakang dan tujuan : Preeklampsia merupakan masalah komplikasi kehamilan yang menyumbang kematian ibu tertinggi di Jawa Timur. Preeklampsia dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh ibu obesitas akan meningkatkan perburukan luaran maternal dan perinatal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh ibu preeklampsia dengan luaran maternal dan luaran perinatal. Metode: penelitian ini adalah analitik obsevasional dengan rancangan cross sectional, jumlah sampel 60 rekam medis ibu dan bayi baru lahir di Rumah Sakit Universitas Airlangga. Sampel terdiri dari ibu preeklampsia semua kategori IMT yaitu underweight, normal, overweight, obesitas grade I,II, dan III. Luaran perinatal yang diteliti adalah kematian perinatal, kelahiran prematur, IUGR (Intrauterine growth restriction), asfiksia, bayi berat lahir rendah,  Sindrom Respiratori Distres (SRD), sepsis, Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) dan Intraventrikular Hemorrhage (IVH). Hasil: Indeks Massa Tubuh Ibu preeklampsia tidak berhubungan dengan luaran perinatal antara lain kelahiran prematur, IUGR, asfiksi, BBLR dan komplikasi dini Kesimpulan: tidak ada perbedaan luaran maternal dan luaran perinatal pada berbagai Indeks massa tubuh ibu preeklampsiaAbstract Background and purpose : Preeclampsia is a problem of the pregnancy complications that has the highest maternal mortality in East Java. Preeclampsia with body mass index of obese mothers will increase the deterioration in maternal and perinatal outcomes. This study aims to analyze the body mass index of preeclampsia mothers with maternal and perinatal outcomes. Methods: This is an observational with cross-sectional design study, a sample of 60 pregnant women and newborn medical records at Universitas Airlangga Hospital. The sample consisted of preeclamptic women in all categories of body mass index such as underweight, normal, overweight, obesity grade I,II, and III. The perinatal outcomes observed are perinatal death, preterm birth, Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR), asphyxia, low birth weight, Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS), sepsis, Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC), and Intraventricular Hemorrhage (IVH). Results: There is no significant association between body mass index of preeclampsia with perinatal outcomes. Which include preterm birth, Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR), asphyxia, low birth weight and early complications Conclusion: there were no difference on maternal and perinatal outcomes in all categories Body mass index of preeclamptic women
PRIMIGRAVIDA MEMILIKI KECEMASAN YANG LEBIH SAAT KEHAMILAN
Authors: Hastanti Heni , Budiono Budiono , Febriyana Nining
Published: July 2021

Abstrak Latar Belakang: Kecemasan merupakan salah satu gangguan jiwa yang umum terjadi pada masa kehamilan. Prevalensi kecemasan ibu hamil di negara berkembang rata-rata mencapai 20% atau lebih. Kecemasan ibu hamil berbeda-beda tergantung pada faktor yang mempengaruhi dan kemampuan ibu beradaptasi dalam menciptakan kondisi psikologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kejadian kecemasan ibu hamil primigravida dan multigravida. Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah analitik observasional dengan desain studi cross sectional comparative untuk membandingkan perbedaan kecemasan primigravida dan multigravida dengan kuesioner. Populasi adalah semua ibu hamil yang tercatat dan berkunjung di Puskesmas Jenggot Kota Pekalongan. Sampel dengan teknik consecutive sampling yang dibedakan menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok primigravida dan multigravida. Masing-masing kelompok 43 orang dengan kriteria inklusi kehamilan tunggal, usia ibu saat hamil 20-35 tahun, kehamilan fisiologis. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Puskesmas Jenggot Kota Pekalongan pada Bulan Februari-April 2019. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik komparasi Mann-Whitney, Chi Square dan Independent Samples T-Test. Hasil: Karakteristik responden antara primigravida dan multigravida diketahui bahwa karakteristik yang berbeda adalah usia ibu hamil (p=0,000), pendidikan (p=0,009) dan tipe keluarga (p=0,000), disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan usia, pendidikan dan tipe keluarga. Rata-rata skor kecemasan pada ibu hamil primigravida yaitu 70,74 sedangkan pada multigravida yaitu 65,70. Hasil uji Independet Samples T-Test didapatkan nilai p sebesar 0,035 sehingga disimpulkan terdapat perbedaan kecemasan pada ibu hamil primigravida dan multigravida. Kesimpulan: Kecemasan pada primigravida lebih tinggi sebesar 7,67% dibandingkan dengan multigravida berdasarkan rata-rata skor kecemasan.Abstract Background: Anxiety is one of the common mental disorders in pregnancy. The prevalence of maternal anxiety in developing countries reaches an average of 20% and more. The anxiety in pregnancy depends on the influencing factors and the ability of the mothers to adapt and create a psychological condition. Therefore, this research aims to find out the differences in the prevalence of anxiety in primigravida and multigravida pregnancy. Method: The type of this research is analytic observational study with comparative cross-sectional design and questionnaires to compare the incidence of anxiety in primigravida and multigravida. The research population was all pregnant women who visited and recorded at Jenggot Public Health Center, Pekalongan. The sample was taken with consecutive sampling technique and divided into two groups, primigravida group, and multigravida group. Each group has 43 people with inclusion criteria of a single pregnancy, maternal age between 20 to 35 year
HUBUNGAN RIWAYAT SAKIT DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA
Authors: Nurbawena Hasanah , Utomo Martono Tri , Yunitasari Esti
Published: July 2021

AbstrakLatar belakang : Kejadian stunting merupakan salah satu  masalah gizi pada anak yang memiliki prevalensi tinggi di Indonesia. Cut off point  kejadian stunting tidak boleh lebih dari 20%, sedangkan jumlah kejadian stunting di Surabaya sebanyak 22,8%. Salah satu penyebab tingginya kejadian stunting yaitu penyakit infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan riwayat sakit dengan kejadian stunting pada balita. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan menggunakan rancang penelitian case control. Jumlah sampel yang diteliti sebanyak 40 balita dengan usai 24-36 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Simomulyo Surabaya. Sampel penelitian balita stunting merupakan kelompok kasus dan balita non-stunting merupakan kelompok kontrol. Pengambilan data untuk kelompok kasus menggunakan purposive sampling dan pada kelompok kasus menggunakan matching sampling dengan menyesuaikan usia bayi dan jenis kelamin pada kelompok kasus. Pengumpulan data mengguanakan instrumen kuisioner. Uji statistik menggunakan chi square Hasil : Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan balita stunting memiliki riwayat sakit sebanyak 90%, sedangkan pada balita non-stunting sebanyak 45%. Uji statistik menggunakan mengenai hubungan riwayat sakit dengan kejadain stunting pada balita dengan uji Chi square didapatkan hasil yang signifikan yaitu p=0,002 (<0,05) dan OR 4,889. Kesimpulan : Balita stunting memiliki riwayat sakit lebih sering daripada balita non-stunting.AbstractBackground: . The incidence of stunting is one of the nutritional problems in children who have a high prevalence in Indonesia. The cut off point for stunting events should not be more than 20%, while the number of stunting events in Surabaya is 22.8%. One of the causes of the high incidence of stunting is an infectious disease. This study aimed to determine the relationship of a history of illnes with the incidence of stunting in infants. Method: This research was an observational analytic study using a case control research design. The number of samples were 40 toddlers (20 toodlers with stunting and 20 toodlers with non-stunting) aged 24-36 months in the working area of the Simomulyo Primary Health Care in Surabaya. The stunting toddlers belonged to a case group and non-stunting toddlers belonged to a control group. Data collection of case group had used purposive sampling and that control group used matching sampling by adjusting the baby's age and gender in the case group. Data was obtained by questionnaire instrument.Data was analysis by Chi square Results: The persentage of stunting toddlers who had a history of illness was 90%, while the non-stunting toddlers had a history of illness was 45%. There was relationship between the history of infectious diseases and the occurrence of stunting in toodler p=0,022 (<0,05) and OR=4,338. Conclusion: Stunting toddlers have a history of pain more often than non-stunting toddlers
PENGARUH PAPARAN MEDIA MASSA TERHADAP LITERASI KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA PONDOK PESANTREN
Authors: Isyroofanaa Esti , Faizah Zakiyatul , Utomo Martono Tri
Published: July 2021

Abstrak Latar Belakang : Kesehatan merupakan salah satu di antara tiga faktor utama yang mempengaruhi Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) selain pendidikan dan pendapatan. Media dan sumber informasi kesehatan yang semakin berkembang menjadikan masyarakat lebih melek kesehatan. Pondok Pesantren Putri Hidayatul Mubtadi-aat Lirboyo Kediri menerapkan dalam penggunaan media massa mutlak tidak diperbolehkan seperti televisi, radio atau handphone. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Besar sampel sebanyak 260 santri remaja umur 10 sampai 19 tahun sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Pengambilan data kuantitatif dilakukan dengan metode Non-Random Sampling dengan teknik consecutive  sampling. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah paparan media massa, sedangkan variabel dependennya adalah tingkat health literacy kesehatan reproduksi remaja. Untuk mengetahui tingkat signifikan, data yang terkumpul akan diuji dengan uji regresi logistik sederhana dengan menggunakan derajat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil : ada pengaruh kualitas paparan media (p=0,006), kuantitas paparan media massa (p=0,002) terhadap tingkat health literacy. Kesimpulan : diperlukan lebih banyak paparan media yang berkualitas untuk meningkatkan health literacy terkait kesehatan reproduksi pada santri Pondok Pesantren Putri Hidayatul Mubtadi-aat Lirboyo Kediri.Abstract Background: Health is one of the three main factors that influence the Human Development Index (HDI) in addition to education and income. Media and health information sources that are increasingly developing make people more health literate. Islamic Boarding School, Lirboyo Kediri, is not permitted to use the mass media as television, radio or cellphones. Method: This research was an observational analytic study using a cross sectional approach. The size of samples was 260 young students aged 10 to 19 years according to the inclusion criteria. Quantitative data were retrieved Non-Randomly using  consecutive sampling technique. The independent variable in this study was mass media exposure, while the dependent variable is the level of health literacy of adolescent reproductive health. To find out the effect, a simple logistic regression was applied using 95% confidence level. Results: the quality of the media that were accessed (p=0.006), the quantity of media that were accessed (p=0.002), age (p=0.000) and the training experience (p=0.000) affected health literacy individually. Conclusion: there is needs of increasing access to quality mass media in order to improve health literacy aming students of Pondok Pesantren Putri Hidayatul Mubtadi-aat Lirboyo Kediri.