bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pneumonia in patients with chronic kidney disease V D stage: pathogenetic aspects of complex therapy and outcomes
Authors: Shifris I. , Korol L. , Magas O. , Krasiuk E. , Dudar I.
Published: March 2019

Abstract.The aim of our study was to increase the effectiveness of treatment of comorbid pneumonia in patients with CKD VD stage.

Materials and Methods. 73 patients with CKD VD st. (59 on HD and 14 on PD) with mild to moderate comorbid pneumonia who received renal replacement therapy (RRT) during 2013-2016 were included in the observational prospective open-label randomized trial. Patients were randomized into two groups: group 1 (n = 42) included patients who in addition to the conventional therapy of pneumonia received medication «Lipin» as a complex therapy; group 2 included patients (n = 31) who received only basic (traditional) therapy. The groups were representative by the main demographic, social and clinical-laboratory findings, severity of pneumonia, duration and modality of RRT. The primary endpoints were death from any cause and episodes of rehospitalization. The overall assessment of the clinical efficacy of the therapy was based on a comparison of the duration of hospitalization, antibiotic therapy, intoxication syndrome, and regression of X-ray changes.

Survival in observation groups was determined by the Kaplan-Meier method. Analyzed cases were included to October 31, 2018.

The markers of oxidative stress (OS) were determined in 29 patients of group 1 and 14 patients of group 2 before treatment and after 14 days while treatment of  pneumonia was started.

Results. The analysis demonstrated that during a 1-year period a 17 (25,76%) episodes of rehospitalization were recorded: 11 causes (35.5%) in group 1 and 6 (14.3%) in group 2 (χ² = 4.486, p = 0.035). In total, 29 deaths were recorded during the study period: 10 (23.8%) cases in group 1, and 19 (61.3%) - in group 2 (χ² = 8.957, p = 0.003, RR - 2.574, 95% CI: 1.400-4.733). The three- and five-year cumulative survival rates were 83% vs. 21% and 59% vs. 21%, in the group 1 and group 2, respectively (p = 0.00003). It was stated that the duration of hospitalization, antibiotic therapy, intoxication syndrome and X-ray regression were significantly lower in group 1 compared with group 2 (p <0.05). The comparative analysis of dynamics in the groups shows that increasing the treatment effectiveness at complex therapy background accompanied by a significant positive dynamics of OS markers (p <0,05).

Conclusions Thus, the results of this study demonstrated the effectiveness of complex method of pneumonia treatment in patients with CKD stage 5D including Lipin medication compared traditional therapy. There is a significant difference in patient survival depending on the proposed and generally accepted treatment.
Quality of life in peritoneal dialysis patients and its relationship with nutrition disorders
Authors: Dudar I. , Shymova A. , Gonchar Y. , Loboda O. , Krasiuk E.
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The aim of our study was to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and its relationship with nutritional disorders.

Methods. 52 PD patients were included in the observational cross-sectional study. The QoL was conducted using a SF-36 quality of life assessment questionnaire. Moreover, the PD patients’ nutrition status (NS) was examined. For further analysis, the patients were divided into four groups according to the condition of the NS: the first group (n = 22) consisted of patients without nutrition disturbance, the second group (n =13) included the patients with mild nutrition disorders, the third group (n = 10) consisted the patients with an average degree of the NS, and the fourth one (n = 7) envolved the patients with a severe degree of malnutrition.  A comparative evaluation of QoL among the PD patients with different nutrition disorders was performed.

Results. During the analysis of indicators QoL we receive the following results: all patients were dissatisfied with the general state of health, the lowest of the indicators was the burden of the disease. The physical total component was lower than the mental. According to the analysis of NS parameters, nutritional disorders were observed in 57.6 % patients. Also according to the results, it follows that nutritional disorders negatively affect the QoL of the PD patients. Moreover, a direct strong correlation between the serum albumin level and the overall QoL score was obtained (r = 0.95; p < 0.001). In addition, the strong direct correlation between a body mass index (BMI) and overall QoL (r = 0.92; p < 0.001) and subjective global assessment (SGA) and overall QoL (r = 0.85; p < 0.001) were observed.

Conclusions: According to the results of the study, it was found that PD patients' QoL is dissatisfied. It was confirmed that nutritional disorders affect bad on the QoL of patients with almost all parameters. The overall QoL was significantly associated with serum albumin levels, BMI and SGA.
Techniques d’épargne « classiques » : actualisation 2019
Authors: Egal A. , Atienza P. , Zeitoun J.-D.
Published: March 2019

Les fistules anales nécessitent un traitement chirurgical afin de parvenir à la guérison. La fistulotomie est le traitement de référence avec un taux de guérison élevé mais associé à un risque d’incontinence postopératoire. Bien que le résultat des techniques d’épargne soit globalement moins efficace, leur relative innocuité en rapport à la continence fait d’elles l’avenir du traitement des fistules compliquées. Nous essayerons ici de rendre compte des principaux avantages et inconvénients des techniques actuellement utilisées.
Arctic Circumpolar Civilization
Authors: Shachin Sviatoslav
Published: March 2019

This article analyzes the concept of an Arctic circumpolar
civilization and focuses on contradictions inherent within the concept.
Some of these antinomies are the nomadic character of the traditional
Arctic civilization and the traditional academic approach
that takes a sedentarist perspective; the rich worldview of the Arctic
residents and its inadequate reflection in the rational paradigm
of cognition; and issues surrounding sustainable development and
the global crisis of humanity, which leads to instability worldwide,
including in the Arctic. The article proposes method of dialectical
synthesis for resolving such antinomies.

TRANSLATED BY TATIANA ARGOUNOVA-LOW
Book Reviews
Authors: Jones Ryan T. , Bara Anna , Grosheva Galina V , Gruzdeva Ekaterina , Schweitzer Peter , Demps Kathryn , Laptander Roza
Published: March 2019

A World Trimmed with Fur: Wild Things and the Natural Fringes of
Qing Rule
Jonathan Schlesinger
(Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2017), 288 pp. ISBN: 9780804799966

Ethnic and Religious Minorities in Stalin’s Soviet Union:
New Dimensions of Research
Andrej Kotljarchuk and Olle Sundström, eds.
(Stockholm: Elanders, 2017), 283 pp., paperback $27.00. ISBN: 978-91-7601-777-7.

Kosmologiia i praktika sibirskogo shamanizma
Elena V. Nam
(Tomsk: Tomskii gosudarstvennyi universitet, 2017), 296 pp. ISBN:
978-5-7511-2521-9.

Kul’tura i resursy. Opyt etnologicheskogo obsledovaniia sovremennogo
polozheniia narodov Severnogo Sakhalina
Dmitrii Funk, ed.
(Moscow: “Demos,” 2015), 272 pp. ISBN 978-5-9904710-6-1.

Maritime Hunting Culture of Chukotka: Traditions and Modern Practices
Igor Krupnik and Rachel Mason, eds.
(Anchorage, AK: National Park Service, Shared Beringian Heritage Program,
2016), 343 pp. ISBN: 9780990725251.
Litsom k moriu: Pamiati Liudmily Bogoslovskoi
Igor Krupnik, ed.
(Moscow: Moskva, 2016), 647 pp. ISBN 9785600013650.

T-Bone Whacks and Caviar Snacks: Cooking with Two Texans in Siberia
and the Russian Far East
Sharon Hudgins
(Denton: University of North Texas Press, 2018), 448 pp. ISBN: 9781574417142.

Bij de Joekagieren. Het oudste toendravolk van Noord-Oost Siberië /
Life with the Yukaghir: Northeast Siberia’s Oldest Tundra People
Cecilia Odé
(Lias, Uitgeverij: Verschijningsjass, 2018), 240 pp., €29.95 (paperback). ISBN:
978-90-8803-099-4.
Application Of Tapai Mol Usage Of Composting In Moya Urban Village Of Ternate City
Authors: Purwiningsih Dwi Rahayu , Sakriani Sakriani , Dianita Nuke
Published: March 2019

Sampah adalah limbah yang bersifat padat terdiri dari zat organik dan anorganik. Sampah organik mengandung zat seperti karbohidrat, protein, lemak, mineral dan vitamin. Berdasarkan penelitian Purwiningsih, dkk (2017) MOL yang mempercepat pengomposan adalah MOL Tapai Ubi. Tujuan Kegiatan : mengolah sampah organik yang bersumber dari rumah tangga bersama masyarakat dalam memanfatkannya sebagai bahan kompos. rencana kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat adalah: Melakukan identifikasi masalah yang berhubungan dengan pengelolaan sampah di rumah tangga. Melakukan pendampingan masyarakat dalam pembuatan kompos dengan menggunakan MOL Tapai Ubi. Pemanatauan dan diskusi dilaksanakan pada  saat pelaksanaan pendampingan dilaksanakan. Diskusi ini ditujukan untuk memberi pendampingan  saat pembuatan kompos berlangsung. Sedangkan pemantauan dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui tingkat kemampuan masyarakat dalam pembuatan kompos. Kegiatan ini berjalan dengan baik dan mendapat tanggapan yang positif dari seluruh masyarakat. Diskusi yang sangat antusias dari masyarakat sangat membantu pengayaan dan pendalaman wawasan masyarakat, ini menunjukan betapa besar antusias masyarakat akan pentingnya sanitasi pengolahan sampah rumah tangga menjadi kompos. Secara keseluruhan kegiatan Pengmas dalam pembuatan kompos dengan menggunakan MOL Tapai Ubi sebagai ativator untuk berbagai komponen masyarakat dinilai berhasil. Keberhasilan ini selain diukur dari ketiga komponen di atas, juga dapat dilihat dari kepuasan masyarakat setelah mengikuti kegiatan.
İKTİDARIN GÖLGESİNDE İNANÇ VE YABANCILAŞMA: THE DEVILS
Authors: AKMEŞE Eşref , BOZ Mikail , GENÇALP Hüseyin
Published: March 2019

İnsan ve toplumsal yaşamının örüntülenmesi birbiriyle ilişkili çok boyutlu bir süreçtir. Bireyin inanç, değer ve gündelik yaşam edimleri kapsayıcı bir iktidar mekanizmasının gölgesinde sürekli olarak düzenlenmektedir. Güç, iktidar ve sınıf mücadelelerinin olduğu her tarihsel dönemde direniş pratiklerinin ortaya çıkması, mücadele süreçlerinin çelişkisiz işlemediğini gösterdiği gibi iktidarların mutlak olamayacağını da ortaya koymaktadır. Bu doğrultuda insanlık tarihi oldukça zengin bir çelişki, mücadele ve ilişkiler sistemi sunmaktadır. Bireyi ve toplumu yakından ilgilendiren tarihsel olay ve olguların filmlerde ele alınma- sı ise sıklıkla karşılaşılan bir durumdur. Dolayısıyla belirli bir tarihsel olgunun sinema filmlerinde nasıl ve ne şekilde kendine yer bulduğunu anlamak önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, Ken Russell’ın The Devils (1971) adlı filmi dönemin güç müca- deleleri, iktidar yapısı ve Katolik Kilisesi’nin, bireylerin inanç ve yaşam pratikleri üzerinde ne türden denetim yapıları kurduğu, bu bastırma ve düzenleme mekanizmalarının hangi direniş biçimlerini yarattığını anlamak amacıyla nitel yaklaşımla, betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur. Sonuç olarak filmde bastırılmış cinsellik ve inanç özgürlüğü gibi konuların Hıristiyanlığın sert bir eleştirisiyle sunulduğu, Katolisizm ve onun normları üzerindeki mücadelenin büyük ölçüde siyasi iktidar mücadeleleriyle ilişkili biçimde ortaya konulduğu görülmüştür.
Direkte Konfrontation statt Umzingelung
Authors: Scherrer Christoph
Published: March 2019

Obamas verfolgte Strategie zur Öffnung des chinesischen Marktes war die Umzingelung Chinas mittels der Transpazifische Partnerschaft (TPP). Da diese innenpolitisch nicht durchsetzbar war, versucht es nun Trump mit direkter Konfrontation: hohe Strafzölle für Importe aus China und Blockierung von chinesischen Übernahmen US-Technologiekonzerne. Das harte Vorgehen gegenüber den Handelspartnern soll sicherstellen, dass Trumps Basis die neu ausgehandelten Verträge akzeptiert wird, auch wenn diese sich inhaltlich wenig vom TPP-Vertrag unterscheiden: stärkerer Schutz des geistigen Eigentums, ungehinderter Daten- und Finanzfluss und Einschränkung der Subventionen für Staatskonzerne. Gramscis Hegemoniekonzept leitet die Argumentation an.
Compact with Africa
Authors: Banse Frauke
Published: March 2019

Der Artikel analysiert den im Rahmen der deutschen G20-Präsidentschaft ins Leben gerufenen Compact with Africa (CwA). Der CwA zielt zum einen darauf ab, so das Argument, so genannte WTOplus-Themen zu etablieren, die in den bilateralen Freihandelsabkommen mit afrikanischen Staaten (EPAs) bisher nicht durchsetzbar waren. Zum anderen geht der CwA über die Ambitionen dieser Freihandelsverträge hinaus. Er zielt auf strukturelle Veränderungen afrikanischer Finanzmärkte und afrikanischer staatlicher Finanzierungsmodi. Damit reiht sich der CwA in das von den G20 verfolgte Projekt, über eine Vertiefung von Finanzmärkten in der (Semi-)peripherie die ‚Resilienz‘ globaler Finanzmärkte zu stärken. In diesem Vorhaben der G20 spielt Deutschland eine führende Rolle. Entsprechend diskutiert der Beitrag das gesonderte Interesse Deutschlands in diesen Prozessen.
„Stadt von rechts“ oder „Recht auf Stadt“?
Authors: Bescherer Peter
Published: March 2019

Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Bedeutung des Stadt-Land-Unterschied in der Analyse des politischen Rechtsrucks in Deutschland. Er widerspricht der Entgegensetzung kosmopolitischer urbaner und traditionalistischer ruraler Räume, hält aber an der Relevanz sozialräumlicher Unterschiede fest. Städtische Problemlagen wie die Wohnraumversorgung können demnach Ausgangspunkt einer „Stadt von rechts“ sein. Im zweiten Teil diskutiert der Text, welche Rolle städtische soziale Bewegungen in der Auseinandersetzung mit dem rechten Populismus spielen.
Weltmarkt, Nationalstaat und ungleiche Entwicklung
Authors: Sablowski Thomas
Published: March 2019

Internationale Arbeitsteilung und ungleiche Entwicklung sind die Achillesferse jeder emanzipatorischen Politik auf nationaler Ebene und jedes Versuchs internationaler Organisierung der Lohnabhängigen. Es gilt daher, die Ursachen und Formen der Internationalisierung des Kapitals unter strategischen Gesichtspunkten zu untersuchen. Dieser Text setzt sich mit bisherigen marxistischen Versuchen, die Internationalisierung des Kapitals zu begreifen, kritisch auseinander. Im ersten Teil geht es um die marxsche Kritik der politischen Ökonomie, die klassischen Imperialismustheorien sowie die Dependenz- und Weltsystemtheorien. Im zweiten Teil werden die westdeutsche Weltmarktdiskussion und französische Arbeiten zur Internationalisierung des Kapitals aus den 1970er und 1980er Jahren sowie einige neuere Beiträge zur Diskussion über die Globalisierung behandelt.
Mecelle’nin Orta Doğu Devletlerine Tesiri
Authors: İBRAHİM Abdulazim
Published: March 2019

Majalla is a civil code comprising mostly the principles
pertaining to jurisdiction, law of obligations and property law.This code had
been in force in all Ottoman courts except those in Egypt and the Arabian
Peninsula from 1877 to the fall of the Ottoman State.  On the contrary to Anatolia where Turkey
founded after the Ottoman State, the code had yet been in force in the former
Ottoman territories for a while. By means of examination of the codification
process of the civil laws in Arab countries, Iraq in particular how much their
laws have been influenced by Majalla will be clearly noticed. Iraqi
jurists have deemed Majalla the main reference in order to develop a
civil law and made use of it substantially. This study deals with the dimensions
of the influence, particulary Iraq from Majalla through an examination
of various codes. In the end of the paper, the positive and negative points of Majalla
are spoken of.
Oryantalist Yorumların Psiko-Sosyal Nedenleri
Authors: GÖREGEN Mustafa
Published: March 2019

ÖzetOryantalizm, İslam ve Batı medeniyeti arasındaki mücadelede Batı
uygarlığı lehine üstünlük elde etmeye çalışan bir akımdır. Oryantalist
bakış açısı, topyekun Batının, İslam karşısında bütün yönleriyle kadim tarihten
tevarüs edip günden güne geliştirerek günümüze kadar ulaştırdığı bilinçli bir
tavrın yol haritası olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.  Kendinden menkul bir üstünlük
psikolojisi ile hareket eden bu günkü Batı, oryantal söylemi sadece
sömürgeciliğin bir aracı olarak kullanmıştır. Bu yaklaşım tarzı aynı zamanda Batı´nın, Doğu´ya
karşı üstünlük duygusundan ileri gelen bir davranış kodudur. Gerek Hıristiyan
gerekse Yahudi asıllı oryantalistler İslam’ın Hıristiyan batı ülkelerinde
cazibesini yok etmek ve İslam inançlarıyla ilgili şüpheler uyandırmak için Kur’an
ve Hz. Peygamberi konu alan birçok ön yargılı İslam yorumları ortaya
koymuşlardır. Oryantalist İslam yorumlarının altında yatan psiko- sosyal
nedenleri dini, siyasi, ekonomik ve ilmi açıdan kısaca ele alıp
değerlendireceğiz.
Yahudilerin Tapınak Siyaseti ve Semavi Mâbed
Authors: YİĞİTOĞLU Mustafa
Published: March 2019

Mâbed, Yahudi mevcudiyetinin bir sigortası
mahiyetindedir. Yahudiliğin kurumsallaştığının bir göstergesi olan Mâbed; bu
dinin müntesiplerince vazgeçilmez bir idea haline gelmiştir. İlk dönemlerde
Süleyman Mâbedi, bütün fonksiyonlarıyla Yahudiliğin merkezinde bir yer
edinmişken, günümüzde ise bu yapının yokluğu Yahudilerde derin travmalara neden
olmuştur. Çünkü tapınaksız kalan Yahudiler, Mâbedsiz hayatın etkisini
kaldıramamışlardır. Her yönden paramparça olmuş bir toplumun devamlılığı için
alternatif çözüm yolları bulmaya yönelmişlerdir. Özellikle Semavi Mâbed fikri,
yeryüzü Mâbedinin (Süleyman Mâbedi) yıkılması öncesi ve sonrasında Yahudi
toplumunun varlığının devamını sağlayan olgulardan biri olarak ortaya
çıkmıştır. Yahudilerin Tapınak Siyaseti ve Semavi Mâbed başlıklı bu çalışmada,
Mâbed eksenindeki Yahudi düşüncesinin, bakış açısını tespit etmek gibi bir
durum karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Burada ki maksat, Yahudi siyasi ve dini birçok
alandaki geleceğe dair düşüncesinin ne üzerine temellendirildiğini genel bir
çerçevede sunmaktadır. Hassaten Yahudi kutsal metinlerinde tapınağın tekrar
inşasına yönelik müjdeli, umut verici, iyimser açıklamalar bu ihtiyacın
derecesini göstermektedir. Mâbedin ihyasına yönelik belirtilen her türlü
beyanatlar Yahudileri her dönem ayakta tutmaya dair söylemler olmuştur. Zira
Yahudiler için, Mâbedin dünyada ya da semada, bir şekilde var olması kaçınılmaz
bir husustur.
Şâz Hadis – Ziyâdetu’s-Sikât Arasındaki İlişki ve Bunları Ayırt Eden Terimler
Authors: Saddik Mohamad
Published: March 2019

Bu çalışmada, Mustalahu’l-Hadis
İlmi’nin en önemli iki konularının incelenmesi hedeflenmektedir. Bunlar Ziyadetu’s-Sika
ve Şâz hadis terimleridir. Bu iki terim, raviler arasındaki ihtilaflara yol açmış
olan en önemli sebepler arasında yer almaktadır. Nitekim İlelu’l-Hadis
kitaplarına bakıldığında, hadislerin sıhhatine zarar veren bu türlerin
örneklerinin oranının yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Bazı hadis ve fıkıh usulü
alimleri, ziyadetu’s-sika’yı şartsız olarak kabul ettikleri görülmektedir. Oysa
şâz olan hadisler, asla makbul görülmemektedir. Bu çalışmada şâz ile ziyadetu’s-sika’nın
daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi için, onların yaygın ilişkisini tespit edilecek,
makbul ziyade’yi merdud’u şâz’dan ayıracak ölçü tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır.
Teorik incelemenin ardından, uygulama kısmına geçilerek bunlara dair bazı örnekler
üzerinde durulacaktır.
Bir Klişenin Şerhi: Hamdele, Salvele Ve Ba’dü İfadesinin Davud el-Hanefî el-Karsî el-Birgivî’de Çağrıştırdıkları
Authors: TEZCAN Tuğrul
Published: March 2019

Hamdele,
salvele, salât ve selâm, dinî, ilmî ve edebî literatürün mukaddimelerinde esas
mevzuya geçmeden önce teberrüken zikredilen geleneksel bir klişedir.
Hutbetü’l-Kitab olarak da isimlendirilir. Esas mevzuya ve sonra anlamına
gelen ve ba’d- emmâ ba’d ifadesinden sonra geçilir. Tekrar edilmesi sebebiyle
klişe diye isimlendirdiğimiz bu ifade, genellikle besmele şerhi veya
tefsiri başlığı altında ilim ehli tarafından farklı açılardan incelenmiştir. Onu
inceleyen birisi de Dâvûd el-Karsî el-Birgivî’dir. Besmele tefsiri konusunda
iki farklı risale yazdığını düşündüğümüz Karsî, Risâletü’l- Besmele
li’l-Fâdıl Dâvud el-Hanefî el-Birgivî başlıklı risalesinde geleneksel
nitelikli bu klişeyi Belagat, Nahiv ve Kelâm ilimleri müktesebatıyla tafsîlî
bir bakış ile ele almış ve şerh etmiştir. Müellifin diğer risalesi de besmele,
hamdele ve salvele üzerine olmakla beraber, amacı zahirî anlamın ihtiva ettiği
bâtınî faydaları gözler önüne sermektir.

İş
bu makalede Davud el-Hanefî el-Karsî el-Birgivî’nin besmele, hamdele ve salvele
ve ba’dü klişesi üzerine yaptığı açıklamalar incelenecektir.
Critical evaluation of the interaction of special proteins with human stratum corneum via terahertz scanning reflectometry and spectrometry
Authors: Crosby Kariah , Rahman Aunik , Crawford Kera F , Shariat-Madar Zia , Michniak-Kohn Bozena , Tomalia Donald A , Rahman Anis
Published: March 2019

Many patients with chronic skin disease develop hemostatic abnormalities. The blood coagulation factor XII is a multifunctional protease, which is involved in thrombosis, fibrinolysis, and inflammatory processes. The aim of this investigation was to assess the autoactivation of FXII that leads to the generation of FXII fragments and their subsequent cell penetration compared to UM8190, a lipophilic selective prolyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor compound. Terahertz scanning reflectometry (TSR) and terahertz spectrometry (TS) were used to study the surface-mediated FXII activation, as well as penetration of the FXII and UM8190, their retardant property, diffusion kinetics and fragmentation profiles into human stratum corneum (SC). From the diffusion kinetics and profiling experiments it was found that FXII does not penetrate the SC but remains mostly on the surface. Compound UM8190 indicates penetration into the SC, as indicated by the increased reflected intensity of T-ray. The terahertz spectral analysis via absorbance spectra indicates that at a low frequency of 0.56 THz a prominent peak occurs due to water or moisture for the SC alone. This peak, however, exhibits a shift for post-diffusion samples of both FXII saturated SC and UM8190-saturated SC. This is indicative of adhesion of these proteins onto the SC. Though this process corroborates the binding of FXII to the cell membrane surface as reported in the in vitro findings, it does not appear to be activated and degraded. It was also found that there are a number of absorbance peaks characteristic for each molecule and these peaks are uniquely shifted relative to each other when compared with the SC alone. Thus, these absorbance peaks may be utilized for assigning identifying features of the protein and peptides in this present study. Further investigation will be conducted for assigning the absorbance peaks to the specific proteins and their resonances.
Coronary artery disease with type 2 diabetes and other risk factors: A tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Khanam Parvin Akter , Begum Tanjima , Chowdhury Abhijit , Habib Samira Humaira
Published: March 2019

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and to identify the various risk factors related to this complication in subject with diabetes.

Methods: The study was cross-sectional and conducted in out-patients department of BIRDEM, from July 2016 to December 2017. Subjects were considered at age 30 to 70 years and duration of diabetes was 5-10 years. Investigations included socio-demographic (age, sex, education etc.), anthropometry (height, weight) and blood pressure. Blood samples were collected for HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 hour after breakfast (2HABF), lipid profile and CAD were taken from the record books which was diagnosed by respective physician.

Results: A total of 221 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients data were taken from the record books. There were 38 patients who had developed CAD and the prevalence of CAD was 17.2%. The study found that it had no significant difference between gender and CAD. The study also found that advanced age (OR=2.16;p=<0.025), lack of physical exercise (OR=3.46; p=0.001), rural patients (OR=2.09; p=0.043), no schooling (OR=4.06; p=0.001), long duration of diabetes (OR=2.87;p=0.018), SBP(OR=2.99; p=0.003), DBP(OR=2.33; p=0.025) and increasing 2HABF (OR=2.6; p=0.026) were independent significant risk factors for CAD.

Conclusions: The study concluded that the prevalence of CAD in Type 2 diabetes was more common and comparable to other developed countries. The study also proved that older age, rural community, lack of education, lack of physical exercise, long duration of diabetes, high blood pressure and high blood glucose were significantly independent risk factors for development of CAD. Therefore, the study concluded that lifestyle modification and tight blood pressure control with diabetes is key part to reduce CAD.

Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2019; 7(1): 20-25
An analysis of structure, organization and delivery of ICU care in Bangladesh
Authors: Faruq Mohammad Omar , Nooruzzaman ARM , Tamanna Rownak Jahan , Huda AK Qumrul , Sultana Amina , Mallick Uzzwal Kumar , Asaduzzaman Mohammad , Islam Md Motiul , Hamid Tarikul , Halim Mohammad Rabiul , Rubayet Mohammed Arafat Hossain , Khanam Rawshan Arra , Habib Samira Humaira , Choudhury Ashiq Haider , Salam Md Tahsin , Mahmud Mohammad Rashed , Faruq Ridwan Naim
Published: March 2019

Background : This study is a sub analysis of data submitted on behalf of Bangladesh to an international study (2013-2014) involving Asian ICUs and merits comparison with prior study done in Bangladesh in 2007 which had similar objective.

Objective : To assess structure, organization and delivery of ICU care in ICUs of Bangladesh with attention to hospital organizational characteristics, ICU organizational characteristics, staffing etc.

Method : Prospective cohort study involving ICUs of 51 hospitals of Bangladesh done in 2013-2014. The hospitals in our study were divided into three groups : clinics/hospitals less than 50 beds (n =18), clinics/hospitals more than 50 beds(n=24) and Govt. hospitals/academic hospitals/ medical colleges hospitals (n=9).

Results : Most respondent hospitals were from Dhaka (77.4%). Only 17.6% hospitals were university affiliated. The average number of hospital beds were 225. The average number of ICU beds were 14. 19.6 % hospitals had infection control committees. Basic life support training was required for doctors and nurses in 31.4 % and 27.5 % hospitals respectively. Small clinics/ hospitals (less than 50 bed capacity [n=18]) had significantly less government funding (p < 0.0001), were less attached to university hospital (p < 0.0001), had fewer referral centers (p < 0.001), had less total hospital beds (p < 0.004) and were less in case of ICU beds : hospital beds percentage (p < 0.003). 28 ICUs had no single room. Govt. hospitals/academic hospitals/Medical colleges had relatively more ICU beds .(12.33% - p < 0.004). 60.8% ICUs were operated as open units. Open units were more likely present in hospitals/clinics more than 50 beds. Multivariable analysis showed that the presence of 1:1 nursing staff was much lower in private hospitals. Funding sources and types of hospitals were independently associated with lower percentage of ICU beds (p < 0.002) and (p < 0.0001) respectfully. University affiliations was more likely associated with closed ICU (p < 0.002). Presence of MD CCM qualified intensivists are more in government funded hospitals (p < 0.003) than those of private hospitals

Conclusions : Our study demonstrates considerable variation in the organization and staffing among Bangladeshi ICUs. Compared to 2007 study it shows increased trend in number of closed units( 39% vs 15%) and percentage of ICU beds relative to number of hospital beds (6.5% vs 4.8%) .

Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2019; 7(1): 3-11
Lipid Profile Abnormalities in Bangladeshi Type 2 Diabetic Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Begum Afsana , Irfan SM Rezaul
Published: March 2019

Diabetes Mellitus is one of the leading non-communicable diseases all over the world including Bangladesh. Diabetes is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and disturbances of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. Impaired lipid profile is commonly present in type 2 diabetes. We aimed to research serum lipid profile abnormalities hypothesizing that early detection and treatment of lipid abnormalitiescan minimize the risk for atherogenic cardiovascular disorder and cerebrovascular accident in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This observational cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Biochemistry, Bangladesh Institute of Research & Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM).A total 105patients with T2DM of age within the range of 30-45 years were selected& their Fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG) and glycatedhaemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were evaluated. Significantly higher mean serum levels of TC, TG and LDL and significantly lower mean serum levels of HDL were noted in patients with diabetes . Significant correlations were observed between HbA1c value and serum levels of TC, TG and HDL (p<0.05) but no correlation of HbA1c value withlow density lipoprotein in diabetes patient.The study showed widespread lipid abnormalities in the course of diabetes triggered dyslipidemia as hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated LDL and decreased HDL.

Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2019; 7(1): 44-47
Acute pancreatitis caused by postcholecystectomic pseudoaneurysmatic hemobilia
Authors: Hossain Tamzeed , Munny Nazmun Nahar , Niger Chowdhury Rifat , Tasmim Hasan , Khanam Rawshan Arra , Mohammad Jan , Alam Mohammed Mahbub
Published: March 2019

A 50 year old bangladeshi female, came to our emergency with hematemasis ,jaundice and abdominal pain who had a history of laparoscopic cholecystectomy 1 month ago. Patient was diagnosed as acute pancreatitis and obstructive jaundice caused by postcholecystectomic hemobilia. She also had a vascular abnormaly (Her left lobe of liver is supplied by hepatic artery and right love of liver is supplied by accessory hepatic artery which is a branch of superior mesenteric artery, and a sacular aneurysm developed in accessory hepatic artery near the gall bladder fossa (near postcholecystectomy clipping). We are reporting another case of acute pancreatitis after laparoscopic cholecystectomy caused by hemobilia secondary to pseudoaneurysm in accessory hepatic artery originating from superior mesenteric artery. This is probably second such reported case.

Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2019; 7(1): 55-57
Role of Radiology in Image Guided Pain Management
Authors: Islam Tariqul
Published: March 2019

Abstract not available

Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2019;6(1):1
Relationship between Long Duration Use of Hormonal Contraceptive and Serum Lipid Profiles among the Women of Dhaka City
Authors: Khatun Kashefa , Nahar Shamsun , Sultana Abida , Chisty Shahnur , Shahid Asma Rumanaz , Arselan Iqbal
Published: March 2019

Background: Long duration use of hormonal contraceptives can cause different metabolic effects.

Objective: The purpose for the present study was to see the relationship between long duration of use of hormonal contraceptives and serum lipid profiles.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology in collaboration with the Biochemistry Department at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2004 to December 2005 for eighteen (18) months. Women of reproductive age group who had given the history of taking low-dose oral contraceptive pills (OCP) containing 30 meg ethinyloestradiol (EE) plus 150 meg levonorgestrel (LNG) were included as study population. The women were divided into group A which was consisted of women who were using OCP for up to 5 years and group B who were using OCP for more than 5 years. Blood was collected from each woman in fasting state and serum was sent for estimation of serum lipids profiles like serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL.

Result: The women in group A was consisted of 20 women and the rest 20 women were in group B. Comparison of mean age between control and case groups showed no significant difference (31.75±4.85 vs 30.43±5.44 years). In women using OCP ≤5 years and >5 years, the mean (±SD) cholesterol levels were 252.50±48.86 and 239.55±48.73 mg/dl (p>0.10), triglyceride levels were 204.30±48.10 and 191.45±67.89 mg/dL (p>0.10), HDL levels were 42.82±8.96 and 43.00±6.46 (p>0.10) and LDL levels were 168.83±50.82 and 158.26±50.32 (p>0.10) respectively.

Conclusion: The level of total cholesterol and triglycerides are not significantly varied with long duration (more than 5 years) of oral contraceptive pills use.

Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2019;6(1):10-13
Clinical Profiles and Types of Senile Cataract Patients: Experience of 30 Cases in Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Shamima , Sharif AQM Omar , Choudhury Inamur Rahman , Haque MM Ehsanul , Begum Wahida
Published: March 2019

Background: Senile cataract can be expressed with different clinical presentation.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to find out the clinical profiles of senile cataract patients.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at National Institute of Ophthalmology, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 1999 to December 2000 for a period of two (02) years. Patients with senile cataract were selected for study. The details clinical profiles of the study population were recorded like types, grades of cataract and visual acuity. Data were collected on pre-designed data collection sheet, compiled and appropriate statistical analysis was done using computer based software.

Result: A total number of 60 eyes of cataract patients were recruited for this study. The mean age with the standard deviation was 58.8±6.055 years. Majority of the patients were suffering from total cataract that is nuclear plus cortical plus posterior subcapsular variety which was 31(51.7%) eyes of cataract patients. Majority of the patients were grade III (amber) type of nuclear sclerosis which was 26(43.3%) eyes of cataract patients. Most of the patients were presented with PL which was 32(53.3%) eyes of cataract patients.

Conclusion: In conclusion majority of the patients are suffering from total cataract with grade III (amber) type of nuclear sclerosis.

Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2019;6(1):38-41
Maternal and Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Birth Weight of Newborns Delivered at a Teaching Hospital of Dhaka City
Authors: Afrin Sadia , Rahman Anisur , Ahammed Afsar , Afrin Shaila , Sarker Md Khalequzzaman , Hossain Ahmed
Published: March 2019

Background: Birth weight is the most important predictor of newborn health and survival and is associated with higher risk of infant and childhood mortality.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the maternal and socio-demographic factors of low birth weight (LBW) newborns of mothers admitted at a teaching medical college hospital in Dhaka city of Bangladesh.

Methodology: This was a cross sectional study. Interview was taken by face to face interview and was focused to obtain the information about maternal weight at onset gestation, before delivery, educational, economical status of family, antenatal care visits, maternal exposure to hypertension and anaemia. Data had been collected from interview and medical records.

Results: This study revealed from multivariate liner regression analysis. In this model, birth weight had been considered as continuous variable and results had depicted the relationship of different maternal factors with birth weight. This study suggests that there were several factors which lead to LBW babies. The study shows ANC visits (p value 0.05), number of parity (p value .02) and hypertension (p value 0.02) had significant negative effect of on birth weight. Mothers who had taken less ANC visits, more chance of having LBW.Hypertensive mothers were at risk of having low birth weight babies than normotensive mothers. Number of parity was also found as a significant factor. Primi mothers were more prone to LBW.

Conclusion: This study suggests that less ANC visits, increase number of parity and hypertension have significant negative effect of on birth weight.

Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2019;6(1):47-52
Menganalisa Kualitas Perairan Melalui Kandungan Karbonat Pada Sedimen Dasar Muara Sungai Serang Kulonprogo
Authors: Hartanto Benny
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini merupakan studi pada kualitas perairan melalui kandungan karbonat dan bahan organik yang ditemukan dalam sedimen muara sungai Serang Kulonprogo Hasil penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi data tentang  karbonat dan ukuran butir dari sedimen lumpur pada perairan tersebut. Selanjutnya hasil penelitian ini akan membantu dalam memantau salah satu parameter kualitas perairan di daerah ini, selain itu juga akan memberikan pertimbangan dalam usaha masyarakat sekitar pada kemungkinan budidaya tambak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dan data yang diberikan eksplosif, sedangkan pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Analisis terhadap karbonat dan bahan organik dilakukan secara kimia pada sedimen perairan, dan analisis butiran dilakukan dengan menggunakan saringan Shaker sedangkan analisis distribusi sedimen di lokasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan 4 parameter statistik : mean, standar deviasi, dan  skweness kurtosis. Berdasarkan hasil analisis fisik, menunjukkan bahwa sedimen muara sungai Serang Kulonprogo terdiri dari lanau berpasir, pasir berlanau dan pasir sangat halus . Kandungan  tertinggi karbonat ditemukan sekitar 16 % - 16,4 % di daerah pesisir, sedangkan di  daerah  aliran sungai kandungan karbonatnya 9,2 % - 9,6 % dan di aliran sungai terkandung karbonat 9,1 % - 9,8 %. Kandungan bahan organik tertinggi terletak di daerah muara dan terendah terletak di daerah pantai, sedangkan di daerah aliran sungai memiliki kandungan bahan organik diantara keduanya. Selanjutnya sampah-sampah dan limbah organik yang terakumulasi di daerah muara sungai Serang mempengaruhi tingginya kandungan bahan organik, tetapi secara keseluruhan kandungan bahan organik di daerah muara sungai masih dalam klasifikasi sedang, ada kemungkinan dimanfaatkan untuk media budidaya perairan.
Early Iron Age culture of Sistan, Afghanistan
Authors: Allen Mitchell , Trousdale William B.
Published: March 2019

The Helmand Sistan Project, conducted by the Smithsonian Institution and Afghan Directorate of Archaeology and Historic Preservation in the 1970s but hitherto unpublished, uncovered through survey and excavation an extensive settlement system along the lower Helmand River dating to the late second and early first millennia BCE. Of note were a series of platform-based settlements in the Sar-o-Tar region east of the Helmand River along of a series of large canals first constructed at this time, which allowed for extensive cultivation in the otherwise deserted region. Excavations at one of these sites, Qala 169, gave us a rich understanding of the settlement pattern and material culture of the early Iron Age, including a style of hitherto-unknown fine ware wheel-made painted ceramics. Finds from Qala 169 are compared to at least 21 other related sites surveyed by the project in the lower Helmand Valley and in Sar-o-Tar. Comparisons are also made between this corpus and early Iron Age sites elsewhere in Afghanistan, Iran, South Asia, and Central Asia, showing that this material represented a unique regional style.
Fashion Ware in Mes Aynak, Logar: Chronology and comparison (with an Appendix on a single specimen of tulip-bowl from Site MA-100)
Authors: Noori Noor Agha , Olivieri Luca M. , Iori Elisa
Published: March 2019

This paper deals with the presence at Mes Aynak (Logar, Afghanistan) of a luxury ware, which is well known from various Bajaur sites, and stratigraphically well documented in Late Kushan/Kushano-Sasanian phases at the urban site of Barikot (Swat, Pakistan). In the latter site this luxury ware represents a distinct chronological marker for the 3rd century CE phases, and, moreover, it is often associated to cultic contexts. The paper concludes with a note on a single finding of a tulip-bowl vessel at Mes Aynak (Site 100) which might have important implications on the chronology of the area's early occupation.
Kharita: the royal art of letter dispatching
Authors: Zeir Ula
Published: March 2019

The practice of dispatching kharita had been part of the royal correspondence of Muslim rulers for centuries, particularly in Persia and India. Originating from Arabic, the term kharita refers to a pouch fabricated from leather or silk, or possibly other material. Although the dictionary definition applies to the pouch itself, the act of sending a kharita indicates that a royal letter is placed inside the pouch. Therefore, a kharita is the pouch and its contents. The article examines one particular kharita (Mss Eur F111/361, ff 2–5 at the British Library). The study identifies the elements that comprise the kharita item, and make it a piece of royal art.
Everyday Catastrophes: Gender, Labour and Power in Beckett's Theatre
Authors: McTighe Trish
Published: March 2019

In an era of public consciousness about gendered inequalities in the world of work, as well as recent revelations of sexual harassment and abuse in theatre and film production, Beckett's Catastrophe (1982) bears striking resonances. This article will suggest that, through the figure of its Assistant, the play stages the gendered nature of the labour of making art, and, in her actions, shows the kind of complicit disgust familiar to many who work in the entertainment industry, especially women. In unpacking this idea, I conceptualise the distinction between the everyday and ‘the event’, as in, between modes of quotidian labour and the attention-grabbing moment of art, between the invisible foundations of representation and the spectacle of that representation. It is my thesis that this play stages exactly this tension and that deploying a discourse of maintenance art allows the play to be read in the context of the labour of theatre-making. Highlighting the Assistant's labour becomes a way of making visible the structures of authority that are invested in maintaining gender boundaries and showing how art is too often complicit in the maintenance of social hierarchies.
The Political and Aesthetic Power of the Everyday in Beckett's Happy Days
Authors: Bates Julie
Published: March 2019

Happy Days is contemporaneous with a number of seminal contributions to the concept of the everyday in postwar France. This essay suggests that the increasingly constrained verbal and physical routines performed by its protagonist Winnie constitute a portrait of the everyday, and goes on to trace the affinities between Beckett's portrait and several formulations of the concept, with particular emphasis on the pronounced gendering of the everyday in many of these theories. The essay suggests the aerial bombings of the Second World War and methods of torture during the Algerian War as potential influences for Beckett's play, and draws a comparison with Marlen Haushofer's 1963 novel The Wall, which reimagines the Romantic myth of The Last Man as The Last Woman. It is significant, however, that the cataclysmic event that precedes the events of Happy Days remains unnamed. This lack of specificity, I suggest, is constitutive of the menace of the play, and has ensured that the political as well as aesthetic power of Happy Days has not dated. Indeed, the everyday of its sentinel figure posted in a blighted landscape continues to articulate the fears of audiences, for whom the play may resonate today as a staging of twenty-first century anxiety about environmental crisis. The essay concludes that in Happy Days we encounter an isolated female protagonist who contrives from scant material resources and habitual bodily rhythms a shelter within a hostile environment, who generates, in other words, an everyday despite the shattering of the social and temporal framework that conventionally underpin its formation. Beckett's play in this way demonstrates the political as well as aesthetic power of the everyday in a time of crisis.
SEPSIS-TRIGGERED TAKOTSUBO CARDIOMYOPATHTY: A SEVERE CASE RESCUED BY VENO-ATRIAL EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION
Authors: Omura Kazuya , Hoshino Tetsuya
Published: March 2019

Introduction: The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for sepsis-related shock remains controversial. We report a
shock case with sepsis-triggered Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, who was successfully rescued using veno-atrial ECMO.
Keywords: Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, Shock, Sepsis, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, cardiogenic shock
Case Report: A 76-year-old woman with hypoglycemia and a high fever was diagnosed as sepsis-triggered Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.
She subsequently developed severe shock. Veno-atrial ECMO was initiated, then the patient responded quickly and
recovered fully. She was later diagnosed as having had cardiogenic shock, based on her clinical course.
Conclusion: Although distinguishing cardiogenic from septic shock is difficult, the initiation of veno-atrial ECMO in severe cases
of sepsis-triggered Takotsubo cardiomyopathy might be reasonable.
Supplementary Materials Tree Stands and Liana Community in Royal Belum State Park, Malaysia
Authors: Rahmad Zakaria , Johari Syafiq , Akomolafe Gbenga Festus
Published: March 2019

The diversity of lianas and trees were studied in five study sites of 100 x 20 m within the Royal Belum State Park, Malaysia with a view to provide baseline information on their incidence, taxonomy and ecological distributions. The sites include Sungai Kejar, Sungai Papan, Sungai Papan 2, Teluk Gopal and Sungai Kooi with at least 1000 m apart. These plots were further sub-divided into five sub-plots of 20 x 20 m each. Lianas with a diameter at breast height (dbh) ≥ 1 cm and trees with dbh ≥ 10 cm were identified and frequencies of occurrence were determined. Lianas comprising 92 species from 23 families while trees comprising 221 species and 48 families were enumerated. Annonaceae was the richest family of lianas and trees (19 species and 23 species respectively). Connarus (Connaraceae) and Spatholobus (Fabaceae) had the highest number of lianas (six species) whilst Syzygium (Myrtaceae) had the highest number of trees (11 species). There are significant differences in all the diversity indices among the study sites, except between Sungai Papan and Teluk Gopal which were the richest and most diverse in liana species. These two sites also showed high similarity index in liana species (0.50) followed by Sungai Kejar and Sungai Papan 2 (0.37). Sungai Kejar was however observed to have the highest tree species richness. These study sites could be described as very rich with a high diversity of lianas and trees. Although, it is richer in trees than lianas which means that the level of disturbance of the park is very low.