bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“War Studies” by M. Howard and the English School of International Relations
Authors: Mironov V.V.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the history of the formation of modern military studies in the historical science of Great Britain and an assessment of their influence on the concept of the English School of International Relations in the 1960-1980s. Michael Howard (1922-2019) recognized as a central figure in the formation of war studies in the historical science of the United Kingdom. An analysis of the history of the study of war in English historical science highlights the some tradition of military research dating back to the 19th century and continued by historians in 1930-1950. M. Howard's work combined the ability to analyze certain wars through the broad context of a historical era and a specific understanding of strategy to assess its effectiveness. Howard took part in the creation of the English School of International Relations. His research in two community monographs showed an understanding of war as an extension of politics and explained the expansion of European powers through a combination of factors of economic, social and technological superiority. Thus, Howard contributed to the creation of a classical version of the narrative of colonial policy within the school. The main conclusion of the article is that Howard's research explains the interpretation and inclusion of war among the main institutions of the concept of international society, but the historian himself believed that the English School only enriched his own approach to the study of the war.
Historical Prerequisites for the Formation of the Cultural Value Field in Advertising Communication from the 90s to the Present
Authors: Grishanin N.V. , Minevich Ya.V. , Tovstiy V.V.
Published: November 2024

The formation of the value field of culture takes place under the influence of traditions, forms of life in the territory of residence of this society. And, consequently, in some of them, values do not change over the course of several generations, they are guidelines of behavior because they correspond to its way of life and are themselves its support. At that time, advertising communications have the goal of making a profit to the owner of the product or service. But the values of the owner under the influence of his life may differ from those around him. In the era of modern society, in addition to the standard exchange of goods and money, there is also a symbolic exchange with the main participant brand. A brand that is a product of market culture and aims to sell more expensive goods uses the values of society to enhance the perception of the need for goods, convincing the audience to overpay for the impressions created. The key players in this process are advertising agencies that perform the functions of repeaters and, as a result, formators of values and culture. Russia in the historical perspective of the USSR and beyond, the modern Russian Federation underwent strong not only political and economic, but also cultural changes in the 90s, which can be observed on the example of the activities of advertising agencies and those meanings, values, motives and behaviors transmitted in advertising communication.
Teacher readiness for teacher leadership competences
Authors: Ngo Nga Thi Hang , Tran Thao , Ngo Ha , Thi Voc Thi Phan , Nguyen Du Trong , Nguyen Long Thanh
Published: November 2024

In this time of ambiguity, change, and conflict, integrating teacher leadership into initial teacher education (ITE) programs is crucial. However, complexities exist regarding ITE quality globally and in Vietnam specifically. This study explores the perceptions of different ITE stakeholders in Vietnam towards teacher leadership and factors that impact prospective teachers’ preparedness for teacher leadership based on the Teacher Leadership Model Standards. Using mixed methods, data were collected from surveys with pre-service teachers, in-service teachers, and teacher educators in various universities that offer ITE programs in Vietnam. Statistical analysis was deployed to identify similarities and differences in the perceptions of the three groups of participants, highlighting that while pre-service and in-service teachers share similar viewpoints toward teacher leadership, those of teacher educators are significantly different in some key areas. Furthermore, thematic analysis of qualitative responses from in-service and pre-service teachers was employed to shed light on their beliefs about the importance of teacher leadership and explore how the ITE programs support or hinder pre-service teachers’ preparedness in developing and validating their leadership skills. The findings of this study will have ramifications for the potential to restructure the ITE programs in Vietnam to better prepare the nation’s future leaders for the education system and society as a whole.
Mapping the Creative Process in Arts Education: From Task to Theory
Authors: Southam Ashleigh , Costley Jamie , Hannigan Shelley , Phillips Fiona , Raphael Jo
Published: November 2024

Creativity stands as a cornerstone of contemporary education, fostering innovation, problem-solving, and dynamic thinking in today’s learners. However, how creativity is defined can vary significantly across different creative fields, contributing to complexity about its nature and role in education. This article explores the definition and application of creativity across various creative arts domains—music, visual art, dance, and drama. This article looks at creativity in these domains at the level of the curriculum, and in examples of classroom tasks. Curriculum analysis showcases alignment among domains with the creative process through its sequential strands—Explore, Develop, Perform, and Explain, specifically in the content relating to Explore—reflecting educational standards that promote structured creativity. Task level analysis reveals how students engage with specific activities mirroring creative stages, fostering meta-awareness of the creative process during learning tasks in drama and music, and evaluating existing artworks’ ability to communicate meaning as in visual art. Theoretical perspectives reveal broad similarities in the creative process across the levels, with nuances such as collaborative processes being more pronounced in dance and drama. Despite limitations such as focussing on a small number of curriculum and task examples, this article provides insight into the commonalities of the creative process across artistic domains and educational levels.
John Wesley’s Thoughts upon Slavery and Wesleyan Pro-LGBTQ Social Ethics
Authors: Shaffer Scott
Published: November 2024

This article explores how John Wesley’s theological arguments in Thoughts upon Slavery can be used as a pattern for developing a Wesleyan pro-LGBTQ social ethic. After exploring Wesley’s experiential and practical approach to social ethics in general and Wesley’s theological approach to slavery in particular, the article provides a detailed analysis of Wesley’s theological arguments in Thoughts upon Slavery. The article then demonstrates how similar theological approaches and arguments can be used as the basis of a pro-LBGTQ social ethic, focusing on pro-LGBTQ apologetics, Wesleyan queer theology, and pro-LGBTQ arguments in The United Methodist Church.
The Role of CD8+ T Cell in Lung Cancer
Authors: Aristyo Kevin , Nurwidya Fariz
Published: November 2024

Background and Objective

Lung cancer is a common and difficult-to-diagnose form of cancer. CD8+ T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in the immune system’s ability to recognize and eliminate cancerous cells. The presence of CD8+ T cells in lung cancer patients is associated with a better prognosis. Immunotherapy utilizing CD8+ T cells has shown promise in treating lung cancer and improving patient survival rates. However, there are challenges to using CD8+ T cells as a therapy. This article aims to explore the role of CD8+ cell in lung cancer.

Methods

Literature searches were conducted using four databases, namely PubMed, Scopus, Central, and EBSCOhost. We used mesh terms and Boolean operators for optimal results.

Key Content and Findings

T cells and B cells are important components of the immune system in fighting cancer. T cells, specifically CD8+ T cells, can identify and kill cancer cells, but they can also be inhibited by cancer cells. B cells recognize cancer cells and produce antibodies to fight them, but their effectiveness can be limited. CD8+ T cells play a role in lung cancer prognosis, and their activity is influenced by the tumor microenvironment. Understanding these immune system mechanisms can help develop more effective cancer treatments.

Conclusions

CD8+ T cells play an important role in the body’s immune system to fight lung cancer cells, through antigen recognition, effector mechanisms (granzyme and perforin), cytokine production, and activation of natural killer (NK) cells.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛІЗАЦІЯ МЕТОДОЛОГІЇ КОЗАЦЬКОЇ ПЕДАГОГІКИ: З ДОСВІДУ ДРАГОМАНІВСЬКОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ
Authors: Кушнірук Світлана , Олефіренко Тарас
Published: November 2024

Дослідження покликане розкрити концептуальні засади формування феномену українського козацтва як важливого соціально-економічного, військово-політичного, культурно-релігійного чинника консолідації української нації та становлення Української держави; представлено результати впровадження наукових досліджень, висвітлення і поширення результатів науково-дослідницької роботи в галузі історії педагогіки лабораторії козацької педагогіки (лабораторії народної педагогіки) при кафедрі педагогіки (теорії та історії педагогіки) УДУ (НПУ) імені Михайла Драгоманова, яку очолював з 1987 р. Ю. Руденко.
У статті здійснено спробу осмислення здобутків драгоманівського університету у справі відродження, наукового обґрунтування та практичного інтегрування у систему сучасного освітнього процесу ідей козацької педагогіки.
ПСИХОЛОГО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНІ УМОВИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ФАХОВОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ ВИХОВАТЕЛІВ ЗАКЛАДІВ ДОШКІЛЬНОЇ ОСВІТИ ЗАСОБАМИ ІНТЕРАКТИВНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ
Authors: Атрощенко Тетяна , Бобирєва Олена
Published: November 2024

У статті представлено теоретичне обґрунтування психолого-педагогічних умов формування фахової компетентності майбутніх вихователів закладів дошкільної освіти засобами інтерактивних технологій. Автори тлумачать їх як створення у закладі вищої освіти такого освітнього середовища, що забезпечить якісне впровадження педагогічних й психологічних факторів, які позитивно вплинуть на реалізацію системної та виваженої освітньої діяльності здобувачів шляхом впровадження засобів інтерактивних технологій, що буде спрямована на вдосконалення усіх компонентів фахової компетентності. Оскільки головний акцент зроблено на використанні інтерактивних технологій у фаховій підготовці, то вони системно і цілеспрямовано представлені у кожній виокремленій умові.
Detection and Monitoring of Damage Status and Infestation by Spodoptera frugiperda in Maize Crops in Luxor Region, Egypt
Authors: Mohamed Sabry Bakry Moustafa , Thuraya A.A. M. Al-Saadi  , M. Aljedani Dalal , N. F. Abdel-Baky  , H.Y. Mohamed Lamiaa
Published: November 2024

The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a serious crop pest that destroys maize plants in Egypt and the world, leading to reduced quality and quantity of the maize crop. We conducted this study to monitor and determine the damage status and infestation frequency of S. frugiperda on maize plants in Luxor Governorate, southern Egypt. The sampling date was set with the first observable occurrence of fall armyworm at the study site. Forty randomly selected corn plants (ten plants from each replicate) were evaluated and estimated weekly until harvest. The total number of plants used for sampling was 960 plants during the two seasons. The invasion and damage of maize plants by S. frugiperda started at the age of 16 days after sowing until the time of harvest, i.e. S. frugiperda larvae were detected on maize plants during the period from the third week of June until the maize harvest. In terms of number of larvae, number of plants infested with larvae, percentage of infestation, and percentage of damage intensity, three peaks were recorded in each season, occurring at 30, 58 and 86 days after sowing in 2021 and 2022, respectively. Our study shows that the number of damaged plants was higher than the number of infected plants throughout the season. Thus, the percentage of plants damaged by S. frugiperda increased as the timing of corn plant inspections increased during the two seasons. The results indicate that monitoring plant inspections at key times during the growing season can provide crucial data to help farmers implement timely control measures.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE TUTOR SEBAYA (PEER TEACHING) DALAM AJAR-AJAR MEMBACA AKSARA BALI SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 3 ABIANSEMAL
Authors: Dewi I Gusti Ayu Ratna
Published: November 2024

Tujuan pendidikan adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan bangsa dan membentuk manusia Indonesia yang religius, berpengetahuan, bermoral, dan berketerampilan baik. Pendidikan bahasa Bali tidak lepas dari budaya yang sudah mendunia. Pembelajaran yang mencakup budaya Bali seperti aksara, bahasa lisan, dan sastra Bali sangat penting untuk menjaga kelestarian budaya Bali. Bahasa Bali, sebagai salah satu bahasa daerah di Indonesia, seringkali kurang digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, terutama di daerah perkotaan. Aksara Bali, yang diadaptasi dari aksara Jawa, memiliki peran penting dalam budaya Bali dan digunakan dalam berbagai konteks, termasuk menulis bahasa Bali biasa, bahasa kawi, dan mantra. Pembelajaran bahasa Bali mencakup empat keterampilan utama: menyimak, berbicara, membaca, dan menulis. Salah satu keterampilan penting adalah membaca aksara Bali. Berdasarkan observasi, metode tutor sebaya (peer teaching) efektif dalam meningkatkan minat dan kemampuan siswa dalam membaca aksara Bali. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 3 Abiansemal pada kelas VII F dan menunjukkan bahwa siswa mampu membaca aksara Bali dengan baik setelah menggunakan metode tutor sebaya. Hasil ini menunjukkan pentingnya metode tutor sebaya dalam pembelajaran membaca aksara Bali untuk menjaga kelestarian bahasa, sastra, dan aksara Bali. Dengan demikian, implementasi metode ini dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan siswa dalam pembelajaran aksara Bali. Selain itu, metode tutor sebaya juga dapat meningkatkan rasa kebersamaan dan kerja sama antar siswa, sehingga menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang lebih inklusif dan mendukung. Implementasi metode ini harus terus dipantau dan dievaluasi untuk memastikan efektivitasnya dalam jangka panjang.
Medición del liderazgo en la adolescencia en la era digital
Authors: Pallas Javier Anatole
Published: November 2024

En un entorno digitalizado, es vital formar ciudadanos en competencias tecnológicas y no cognitivas, como el liderazgo, una habilidad clave y transversal demandada por empresas. La adolescencia es un momento crucial para su desarrollo, ya que estos jóvenes asumirán roles de liderazgo en un futuro competitivo. A pesar del interés, el liderazgo adolescente ha sido poco estudiado y difícil de medir. Este artículo propone un Índice de Liderazgo Adolescente (ILA), un indicador compuesto basado en datos internacionales (PISA), que evalúa habilidades, entorno y acciones de liderazgo. Los resultados abren el debate sobre factores culturales y su implicación en políticas públicas.
Incidence of poverty on health spending in rural areas of Yucatan, Mexico
Authors: Hernandez Cuevas Francisco Ivan , Becerril García Javier
Published: November 2024

Catastrophic health expenditure can be exacerbated when people face economic hardship, ultimately affecting the most vulnerable households and those who must pay for prolonged treatment, which can lead to widening poverty gaps and economic and health inequalities in the population. To identify health expenditure in rural Mayan areas of Yucatan and determine the incidence of extreme poverty in its distribution, a quantitative, quasi-experimental, cross-sectional research design was carried out using a sample of 261 households in the Geohydrological Reserve of the Cenotes Ring in Yucatan. Descriptive statistics were used to obtain health expenditure and an econometric model was used to assess the impacts of extreme poverty on household health expenditure. The findings show that the average annual health expenditure per household is $MXN 3,040 ($US 149.60). The distribution of household expenditure is influenced by extreme poverty status, mainly in the increase in health expenditure by 5%, a reduction in expenditure on household services, education and assets with a 3% decrease in each. The impact of extreme poverty status on the annual health expenditure of rural households is $MXN 4,059 ($US 199.75). An updated health expenditure parameter was obtained that allows for the construction of health policy programmes oriented towards the most vulnerable population and thus to break the vicious circle of poverty.
The Reversion of the Myth of Theseus and the Minotaur in Clark Ashton Smith’s "The Maze of the Enchanter" (1933)

Authors: Germán Biener Camacho
Published: November 2024

Modern fantasy and the work of Clark Ashton Smith have recently attracted the attention of scholars, in parallel with the increase of studies discussing the classical sources of the genre. This paper aims to determine how Smith’s abundant use of classical motifs varies from their classical origin and how he reinterprets them through his own pessimistic worldview. “The Maze of the Enchanter” (1933), when read as a dark version of the standard myth of Theseus and the Minotaur, serves as a starting point to understand the mitigation of classical motifs in Smith and their significance within the author’s aesthetics.
The Pronaf Impact On Rural Poverty In Brazil from 2013 to 2019
Authors: Borchers Juliane , Michellon Ednaldo
Published: November 2024

This paper aims to analyze the effects of the National Program for the Strengthening of Family Farming (Pronaf)[1] on rural poverty in Brazil in the period of 2013-2019. The methodology used to generate the estimates of the Pronaf-income and Pronaf-inequality elasticities was the dynamic panel model. The study assumes that the Pronaf variable does not affect rural poverty directly, but considers the variation in income and/or the variation in income inequality. The results indicate that increases in income and decreases in income inequality contribute to poverty reduction, with policies aimed at promoting income equality showing greater efficiency. However, the impact of Pronaf credit on poverty reduction is found to be limited, albeit positive but statistically insignificant, in raising rural household per capita income and reducing income inequality. Furthermore, the analysis reveals a persistence of poverty over time, indicating that current income and inequality levels influence future poverty rates. Pronaf credits were found to have a greater impact on income among wealthier and more developed states, while also exacerbating income concentration in those areas.
 
[1] From the Portuguese: Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar (Pronaf).
Protesta social, “pandemia de la desigualdad” y efectos sobre el arraigo en la población haitiana residente en Santiago de Chile.

Authors: Rodríguez Torrent Juan Carlos , Gissi Barbieri Emiliano Nicolás
Published: November 2024

The social crisis and the pandemic in 2019 and 2020 have questioned the limits of the neoliberal State, the territorial daily life, and the capacities of institutional agency, with Haitian migrants being the community that has suffered the main effects in their projects of roots. It is discussed, as research results and with a social anthropological perspective, the new living conditions of the Haitian population in the face of a generalized social protest, “the pandemic of inequality” and confinement, through the difficulties of access to the housing and dependence on the informal labor market, within the framework of structural racism and the “subalternizing” chilean society.
De la Eficiencia a la Crisis: Inversiones en Salud Pública en los Estados Brasileños Antes y Durante la COVID-19
Authors: Araujo Lima de Souza Gustavo , Do Nascimento Carvalho Brena , Da Costa Lobato Tarcísio
Published: November 2024

The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of health investments across Brazilian states from 2014 to 2022, encompassing both the pre-pandemic period and the COVID-19 era. A detailed analysis was conducted on the state of Amazonas, one of the most severely impacted by the pandemic. The methodology employed for calculating efficiencies was the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) panel method, using the window analysis approach. The results indicate that the Southern and Southeastern regions maintained high efficiency before and during the pandemic, particularly in the Federal District, Minas Gerais, Santa Catarina, and Paraná. Amazonas, initially efficient from 2014 to 2019, experienced a sharp decline with the onset of the pandemic in 2020, leading to a health crisis in Manaus, marked by thousands of deaths and the emergence of the new P.1 variant. Future research should focus on municipal-level analyses to capture the heterogeneity present within each state.
Assessment of the Economic Impact of Covid-19 on the Tourism Sector in Spain
Authors: Cabrer-Borrás Bernardí , Rico Belda Paz , Igual Palomares José Vicente
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study is to quantify the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism sector in Spain using a comprehensive approach that considers the entire sector rather than focusing on specific subsectors such as hospitality. Time series analysis based on daily sales recorded through VAT revenue collection is utilized, employing the specialized software JDemetra+. The methodology treats the data from the pandemic period as "missing data" and estimates the sales that would have occurred if the pandemic had not happened. This approach allows for an accurate comparison between the estimated sales and the actual recorded sales during the pandemic period. The results indicate that, over the period of the pandemic, sales would have been approximately 25% higher if the pandemic had not occurred, highlighting the strong economic impact it had on the tourism sector in Spain
Londres como contexto de recepción ambivalente para la inmigración española en las primeras décadas del siglo XXI
Authors: Ruiz Núñez Alfonso
Published: November 2024

This paper aims to characterize London in analytical terms as a particular context of reception for the Spaniards who migrated to this city after the reactivation of Spanish emigration in the first decades of the 21st century. To do this, the category of "context of reception " developed by Portes and colleagues (Portes y Börocz, 1989; Portes y Rumbaut, 1990) is used, discussed and updated, with the aim of showing how contextual characteristics influence on the labor trajectories of Spanish migrants in London. The normative-institutional, economical and social characteristics of London as a context of reception for immigrants are systematized, related to the recent Spanish migration, as a particular case of the contemporary migratory dynamics of the countries of southern Europe. Finally, it is concluded that London is an ambivalent context of reception for contemporary Spanish migrants.
Ensuring safety on the water according to the Maritime Charter of 1720 and in accordance with the norms of modern Russian legislation
Authors: Stashkov Ruslan Sabitovich
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the issues of water transport safety, established by the first codified document - the Maritime Charter (1720), in a historical and legal comparison with the norms of modern Russian legislation. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the legal norms governing transport safety of water transport, based on an objective study of documentary, archival and scientific materials, using the principle of objectivity and historicism. An analysis of individual norms of the Maritime Charter and the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation was carried out regarding the establishment of rules and requirements for compliance with safety on water (sea and river) transport, as well as liability for violations of this legislation. As a result, a conclusion was formed and legislation changes were proposed in order to enhance the safety of water transport. When writing the article, historical, ideographic, comparative legal research methods were used. Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that, on the one hand, the need for the formation of a navy during the reign of Peter I served as the basis for the development and adoption of a separate codified normative act - the Naval Charter of 1720; on the other hand, the norms of this Peter the Great document are of interest in terms of regulating liability for various violations in the field of ship safety.
The constitutional duty of men and women in the legislation of the Russian Federation
Authors: Madatov Oleg Yakovlevich
Published: November 2024

The article examines the formation, development and modern definition of the concept of constitutional duty of Russian citizens, as well as the constitutional problems of its establishment depending on their gender identity. It is proved that the duty of a citizen in the Constitution of the Russian Federation creates conditions for violating the constitutional principle of gender equality established by part 2 of Article 6 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The object of the study is public relations regulating the relationship between the state and citizens on the issue of the latter's fulfillment of the constitutional duty established by part 1 of Article 59 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The subject of the study is the norms of constitutional, civil and criminal law, as well as law enforcement practice regulating the object of the study. The purpose of the study is to establish the correspondence of the constitutional duty of men and women to the constitutional principle of legal equality of the sexes. This goal determined the need to set and solve the following tasks: 1.To investigate the evolution of the concept of duty as a legal category. 2.To consider the formation and consolidation of the concept of duty in the constitutional law of Russia 3.Compliance of the constitutional duty of men and women with the constitutional principle of legal equality of the sexes.     The study showed that there is no single approach to understanding duty in modern science, but an analysis of the evolution of its consolidation showed that the term duty is based on the duties of citizens. This term was first legislated in the USSR Constitution of 1936 and the Constitution of the RSFSR of 1937 in order to separate the constitutional duties of citizens of a bourgeois state from the duty of a citizen of a socialist republic. In the current understanding, the constitutional duty of citizens is attributed only to the protection of the Fatherland, however, this term is not a gender-neutral concept, since it is only a duty inherent exclusively to men.
The Rhine-Ruhr Service — an instrument of German propaganda during the Ruhr crisis of 1923
Authors: Nurislamov Ruslan Rifovich
Published: November 2024

The subject of the study is the activities of the Rhine-Ruhr Service, a non–governmental organization created by Georg Klingenberg and Karl Kremer during the Ruhr crisis of 1923 to conduct propaganda abroad. The article analyzes documents from the funds of the Federal Archive of the Federal Republic of Germany related to the foundation, functioning and liquidation of this propaganda structure. The purpose of the study is to determine why the Rhine-Ruhr service ceased to exist by the end of 1923. Special attention is paid to the relationship between the State and the specified organization, as well as internal and external political circumstances that preceded its liquidation. The study revealed that due to fears of using propaganda in the interests of private circles, the government of Chancellor Wilhelm Kuno limited financial support for the Rhine-Ruhr service to strictly defined areas. Despite this, the activity of the organization went beyond the areas indicated by the state. The article shows that as the Ruhr crisis was resolved and the internal political crisis in Germany deepened, internal propaganda began to acquire greater importance for the government of the new Chancellor Gustav Stresemann. In this regard, only the most effective structures could continue further activities in the field of external propaganda. The result of the study is the conclusion that due to the lack of a unique niche in propaganda activities and extensive, stable ties in foreign countries, the Rhine-Ruhr service could not withstand competition with other organizations and was liquidated by the end of 1923.
Implementation of state policy in collective farms and political departments of the Angara village in the first half of 1930.
Authors: Proskuryakova Mariya Anatol'evna
Published: November 2024

The specifics of the implementation of state policy in the Angara village in 1930-1935 are considered. The socio-political influence of collective farms and political departments of MTS on the peasantry is analyzed. The territorial scope of the study is limited to the Angara region (the modern borders of the Irkutsk region). The choice of chronological framework can be explained by the forced collectivization that took place during this period. It was in the first half of the 1930s that a cardinal transformation of the agrarian sphere of the Angara region took place. By 1935, most of the peasant households were collectivized. Collective farms have become the main conductor of socio-political changes, as well as the main organization of control over the economic side of village life. Special attention is paid to the role of MTS political departments in the agricultural sector in 1933-1934. Archival sources illustrating the negative public opinion regarding collectivization as a system of transformation in the Angara village are involved. The historical-comparative method made it possible to correlate socio-political changes at different time intervals, as well as to compare the expectations of the authorities and the social realities of the village. The historical and systematic method allowed to recreate a holistic picture of the reflection of political changes in the collective farms and political departments of MTS Priangarya. The novelty of the research lies in the involvement of unpublished archival materials that reveal the specifics of the implementation of state policy towards the peasantry. The study showed that the expectations of the authorities to complete collectivization by the beginning of 1932 in such grain areas as Siberia were not justified. The number of collective farms in Eastern Siberia grew in the early 1930s, but in 1934 the reverse process occurred – the number of collective farms became less than in 1931. In the Angara region, we can talk about the completion of collectivization no earlier than in 1935 (94% of the yards were collectivized). The collective farms implemented mainly economic policy: the management of collective farms strictly controlled discipline, the implementation of the plan of sowing, harvesting campaigns, and grain distribution. MTS political departments were responsible for controlling the ideological, political and economic aspects of collective farms' life. The opinions of the peasants presented in the article express dissatisfaction with the collective farm system, grain procurement campaigns, and working conditions on collective farms.
Formation of traditional value orientations of the youth of Russia and China in the XX-XXI centuries
Authors: Xu Xuchen
Published: November 2024

The subject of this article is the historical influence of mass culture, especially visual media and rock music, on the youth of Russia and China in the process of forming their value orientations. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of changes that have occurred since the late 1980s in the context of socio-political transformations: the collapse of the Soviet Union and the beginning of reforms in China. The study focuses on the replacement of traditional cultural archetypes with new symbols of consumption, which were actively promoted through cinema, television and music. The article provides a historical analysis of the transformations of cultural preferences of young people, including the dominance of violence and sexual aggression in films, as well as the negative impact of countercultural music genres such as heavy metal and punk rock. The research methodology includes a historical and cultural approach, analysis of mass cultural phenomena and a systematic study of the influence of visual and musical media on the formation of value orientations of young people. The scientific novelty of this research article lies in revealing the profound influence of mass culture, especially visual media and countercultural music genres, on the formation of value orientations of young people. The study also emphasizes the importance of cultural and environmental components of media influence, indicating a crisis of universal humanistic values ​​among young people. The findings indicate the need to develop programs aimed at nurturing conscious consumption of cultural products and strengthening moral guidelines through closer interaction between educational institutions and cultural institutions, which is the key to the healthy development of society. In conclusion, the work emphasizes that young people's awareness of their cultural responsibility can be an important step towards positive changes in the socio-cultural environment.
Translation strategies for interpreting lexemes introducing speech in Chinese translations of novels by F.M. Dostoevsky and L.N. Tolstoy
Authors: Wang Qiao
Published: November 2024

This article is devoted to the study of translation methods of direct speech lexemes from Russian into Chinese on the material of F.M. Dostoevsky's “Crime and Punishment” and L.N. Tolstoy's “Anna Karenina”. The author relies on a previously conducted comparative study of the repertoires and frequency of lexemes introducing direct speech in the Russian original texts of these two novels, and describes the methods of translation, comparing the strategies of translators in different versions of translations of classic Russian novels. The most famous translated versions of F.M. Dostoevsky's and L.N. Tolstoy's novels in China are selected for analysis. This article analyzes the translations of the novel “Crime and Punishment”, translated by Ru Long (汝龙), the joint translation by Zhu Haiguan (朱海观) and Wang Wen (王汶), and the novel “Anna Karenina”, translated by Cao Ying (草婴), translated by Yu Dawei (于大卫). The study found that stylistic adaptation is often used in Russian-Chinese translation. It is noted that “说” and “道” are widely used in literary works - translators add these words, which meets the requirements of completeness and adequacy. It is noted that adverbs become a common means of conveying internal and external qualification of action in translations, which allows to convey the meaning of the text in accordance with the narrative norm of the Chinese language. Comparing the translations of “Crime and Punishment” and “Anna Karenina” into Chinese through the “mirror” of translation allows us to examine the manner of introducing direct speech in both writers and see that its difference creates more (when translating F.M. Dostoevsky's novel) or less (when translating L.N. Tolstoy's novel) difficulties in translating the speech frame and sometimes prompts translators to different solutions.
Peculiarities social well-being and professional identity features of students from various professional training paths
Authors: Sungurova Nina L'vovna , Shapiro Luiza Nail'evna
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the actual problem of the peculiarities of social well-being and professional identity among students of different areas of professional training. The article presents the results of a theoretical and empirical study of the characteristics of social well-being and professional identity among students of different areas of professional training. The study of social well-being and professional identity is of scientific importance in connection with recent events in the country. The authors analyzed the characteristics, features and trends of social well-being and professional identity, conducted a comparative analysis of social well-being and professional identity among students of linguistics and students of architecture, identified the relationship of social well-being in relation to the statuses of professional identity. The purpose of the study: to identify the features of social well-being and professional identity among students of different areas of professional training. The author used the following research methods: theoretical, empirical (questionnaire, survey), methods of mathematical processing of psychological data: Mann-Whitney U-test, correlation analysis - Spearman coefficient. Computer data processing was carried out using the software packages "Microsoft Officeexcel", "IBM SPSS Statistics 23". Using techniques such as the questionnaire "Methodology for studying professional identity statuses" developed by A.A. Azbel and the questionnaire "Integral Index of social well-being" (IISS-44) developed by E.I. Golovakha, we have identified specific trends in this study. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time the level of social well-being and professional identity statuses of students of different areas of professional training are considered.
A human in a multi-world interpretation of quantum mechanics
Authors: Grishin Aleksandr Aleksandrovich
Published: November 2024

The essay provides an overview of current scientific and philosophical publications on quantum physics and interpretations of quantum mechanics. Based on the ideas of British physicist David Deutsch and American theoretical physicist Sean M. Carroll, the substantiation of a multi-world interpretation from the point of view of physical theory, its consistency and ability to explain the paradoxes of quantum physics without involving additional auxiliary concepts and unknown laws of physics is presented. The author suggests that the rejection of a multi–world interpretation should be attributed to a psychological barrier – the refusal to look at reality from a different angle, or the "illusion of common sense". The mechanism of quantum computing (quantum computing) and the possibility of the quantum nature of the functioning of consciousness of living organisms based on the concepts of Roger Penrose and Mikhail Mensky and their ambiguity are considered. Using analysis and general scientific research methods, a mechanism for the interaction of biological organisms and the quantum nature of the world is proposed based on the principle used by quantum mechanics to solve the Elitzur-Weidman problem. The conclusion is made about the possibility of functioning of a biological quantum mechanism that provides a significant gain in environmental competition between living beings by increasing the effectiveness of their predictive behavior. Arguments are given both in favor and against the existence of such a mechanism based on the analysis of publicly available research materials on this topic. In conclusion, an attempt is made to determine the place of man in the expanded picture of the universe in this way. It is shown how important it could be whether human beings are able to exchange information with their invariants in the Multiverse, from the point of view of the concepts of personality and self-awareness. A brief overview of the influence of the ideas of quantum physics in general and the multi-world interpretation in particular on modern religious movements, philosophy and media culture is given.
System-structural and bioessential-deterministicmeta-paradigms. Part two
Authors: Ufimtsev Aleksandr Evgenevich , Smirnova Marina Mikhailovna
Published: November 2024

The work is devoted to a conceptual understanding of trends in the development of scientific knowledge. The article continues the research on the theory of sign in an interdisciplinary aspect. In the first part, the theory of sign and paradigms in linguistics were compared: systemic-structural and anthropocentric. This comparison made it possible to identify systemic-structural and bioessential-deterministic meta-paradigms. A meta-paradigm is understood as a conceptually generalized set of scientific ideas in a number of areas of scientific knowledge, as a system of many paradigms in various scientific disciplines that determines the development of scientific knowledge. The discovered patterns are considered at the meta-scientific level in the form of systemic-structural and bioessential-deterministic meta-paradigms. The development of conceptual thought in phonopedia is described. In conclusion, the concepts of tendencies, trends and meta-paradigm are distinguished. The meta-paradigm, in contrast to tendency, not only describes current development, but also makes forecasts of a strategic nature. The characteristics of the systemic-structural and bioessential-deterministic meta-paradigms are given. The conclusion is made that systemic-structural and bioessential-deterministic meta-paradigms are universal; that the change in meta-paradigms is systemic in nature. Currently, the systemic-structural meta-paradigm is being replaced by a bioessential-deterministic one. The described patterns are systemic in nature. The described patterns are binary oppositions, form and content , asymptotically guiding the development of consciousness. An assumption has been made: life is limitless knowledge, and the possibilities of knowledge as a process are determined by the vital essence of the knower.
Tailoring Failure Interactions for Validation Testing of Composite Laminate Progressive Failure Models
Authors: Borwankar Pranav , Venkataraman Satchi
Published: November 2024

Efficient validation of numerical models for predicting failures in composite structures is imperative due to the intricate nature of such failures. The multifaceted aspects, including multimodal, multiscale, and interactive factors, pose challenges in the calibration and validation of models. Constraints in cost and time often limit the comprehensive testing required for model validation across diverse failure response scenarios. This study proposes an optimal test selection approach, building upon previous insights that optimizing measures derived from progressive failure responses can unveil failure mode interactions sensitive to stochastic variations. Calibration designs should minimize interaction while maximizing sensitivity to calibration parameters, whereas validation models must encompass varied interactions to understand predictability limits. However, optimizing progressive failure analyses for composites is computationally intensive. A straightforward design of experiments exploration is demonstrated here, focusing on efficiently identifying designs sensitive to stochastic effects, which reveal mode interactions and suitability for calibration/validation. This method is exemplified using computational models for composite bolted joints subjected to pin-bearing loads, showcasing their intricate failure modes. Designs displaying high sensitivity to parameter changes offer insights into failure mechanisms, aiding in model validation and enhancement. Thus, employing such critical designs as test cases can refine numerical models, resulting in more accurate representations of complex failure behaviors in diverse composite components.
Inisiasi AMIS Integrated Farming Melalui Kelompok Peternak Ayam Petelur Menuju Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Authors: Huda Khoirul , Siswara Hamzah Nata , Zuhdi AH. Maftuh Hafidh , Mubarok Amin , Dana Aldi Arma
Published: November 2024

The existence of layer poultry farmer groups faces challenges in the era of global climate change. The rise in environmental temperatures significantly impacts agricultural and livestock activities. On the other hand, livestock farming generates a considerable amount of organic waste, which poses environmental concerns. The goal of the integrated farming system based on chickens, maggots, fish, and vegetables (AMIS) is to encourage resilient farmers to face global climate change, achieve zero waste agriculture and livestock farming, and establish a circular economy. The methods applied in the implementation of this program is socialization, training, and system application assistance. Participants from the Sumber Unggas Jaya Livestock Farmers Group were very enthusiastic about participating in every activity. This was demonstrated by their active involvement in each event and discussion. The participants also expressed interest in applying the AMIS system to their existing farming operations. This system can reduce organic waste pollution through the zero waste concept, increase income through the circular economy concept, and make agricultural and livestock activities resilient to global climate change by forming a sustainable plant and livestock maintenance ecosystem.
Atividade antiagregante plaquetária e anticoagulante do galato de etila in vivo em ratos tratados
Authors: Ramalho Ricardo Cartaxo , Veras Robson Cavalcante , Oliveira Júlio César Pinheiro Lúcio de , Fernandes Gabriel Felipe Siqueira , Gonçalves Tays Amanda Felisberto , Janebro Daniele Idalino , Medeiros Isac Almeida de , Diniz Margareth de Fátima Formiga Melo
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar a atividade anticoagulante e antiagregante plaquetária do galato de etila em ratos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo experimental, conduzido em ratos Wistar divididos em cinco grupos: grupo controle, grupo galato de etila 5 mg.kg-1, grupo galato de etila 50 mg.kg-1, grupo enoxaparina 5 mg.kg-1, grupo galato de etila 5 mg.kg-1 + enoxaparina 5 mg.kg-1; foram avaliadas as atividades antiagregantes plaquetária e anticoagulante, frente estímulo por ADP e triagem de coagulação, respectivamente. Todos os protocolos foram aprovados pela Comissão de Ética de Uso de Animais da Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Resultados: Redução na agregação plaquetária dos grupos tratados com galato de etila e não houve alteração no perfil de coagulação, quando comparados ao grupo controle, indicando uma possível atividade antiagregante plaquetária sem prejuízo na coagulação; observou-se ainda uma potencialização na atividade da enoxaparina pela via intrínseca da coagulação, revelando um potencial do composto em associação com o fármaco já estabelecido na terapêutica. Conclusão: O galato de etila mostrou relevante potencial antiagregante e não afetou na via da coagulação, revelando-se como um agente antiagregante plaquetário promissor e de possível aplicação terapêutica.