bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Portable UV-LED/RGB Sensor for Real-Time Bacteriological Water Quality Monitoring Using ML-Based MPN Estimation
Authors: Saavedra-Ruiz Andrés , Resto-Irizarry Pedro J.
Published: December 2024

Bacteriological water quality monitoring is of utmost importance for safeguarding public health against waterborne diseases. Traditional methods such as Membrane Filtration (MF), Multiple Tube Fermentation (MTF), and enzyme-based assays are effective in detecting fecal contamination indicators, but their time-consuming nature and reliance on specialized equipment and personnel pose significant limitations. This paper introduces a novel, portable, and cost-effective UV-LED/RGB water quality sensor that overcomes these challenges. The system is composed of a microfluidic device for sample-preparation-free analysis, RGB sensors for data acquisition, UV-LEDs for excitation, and a portable incubation system. Commercially available defined substrate technology, Most Probable Number (MPN) analysis, and artificial intelligence are combined for the real-time monitoring of bacteria colony-forming units (CFU) in a water sample. By eliminating the need for sample preparation, specialized equipment, and laboratory space, the system provides an efficient and affordable solution for water quality monitoring in remote and resource-limited areas. The main significance lies in the combination of miniaturization, automation, and machine learning (ML) based data analysis. Multilayer perceptron neural networks (MLPNN) and support vector machine (SVM) are used to rapidly (30 minutes) predict RGB signals from water samples in wells. By predicting the number of positive wells, the system can predict the MPN of CFU in a water sample, allowing for the rapid estimation of bacterial concentration in a low-cost and portable manner.
Antioxidative Function of Zinc and Its Protection Against the Onset and Progression of Kidney Disease Due to Cadmium
Authors: Satarug Soisungwan
Published: December 2024

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is now the world’s top seventh cause of death from non-communicable disease, and its incidence is projected to increase further as its major risk factors, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) continue to rise. Current evidence has linked increased prevalence of CKD, diabetes, hypertension, and NAFLD to chronic exposure to the metal pollutant cadmium (Cd). Exposure to Cd is widespread because diet is the main exposure route for most people. Notably, however, the health risk of dietary Cd exposure is underappreciated, and the existing tolerable exposure guidelines for Cd do not afford health protection. New health-protective exposure guidelines are needed. From the diet, Cd is absorbed by the intestinal epithelium from where it passes through the liver, and accumulates within the kidney tubular epithelial cells. Here, it is bound to metallothionine (MT), and as it is gradually released, it induces tubular damage, tubulointerstitial inflammation and fibrosis, and nephron destruction. The present review provides an update knowledge on the exposure levels of Cd found to be associated with CKD, NAFLD, mortality from cardiovascular disease. It discusses the co-existence of hypertension, and CKD in people environmentally exposed to Cd. It highlights mitochondrial targeting and zinc deficiency as the universal cytotoxic mechanisms of Cd. Special emphasis is placed on novel antioxidative function of zinc involving de novo heme biosynthesis and induced expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Other exogenous biomolecules with promising anti-Cd toxicity are highlighted.
Thimphu City’s Municipal Solid Waste Pollution A Case Study
Authors: Rai Ariti
Published: December 2024

Thimphu, Bhutan's capital, faces escalating challenges in municipal solid waste (MSW) management due to rapid urbanization, increased consumption, and ineffective waste disposal practices. This study examines the city's MSW pollution, focusing on health and environmental impacts, legal frameworks, and potential solutions. Key issues include soil, air, and water contamination from improper waste handling, compounded by inadequate infrastructure and public awareness. Despite efforts by authorities, waste generation continues to rise, exacerbating pollution. Proposed strategies include adopting circular economy principles, waste-to-energy technologies, incentivizing proper disposal, and enhancing education programs. Addressing these challenges requires sustainable planning, financial investment, and technological advancements.
Blended Learning in English Education: Strategies for Effective Integration of Technology and Traditional Methods
Authors: Marzuki Abdul Gafur
Published: December 2024

Blended learning has become an innovative approach in English language education, integrating modern technology with traditional methods to create a flexible and effective learning experience. This article explores strategies that can support the implementation of blended learning, including the use of interactive videos, game-based learning applications, and online formative assessments. The research was conducted through a qualitative approach with a case study method in educational institutions that have implemented this model. The results showed that blended learning increases student engagement, learning flexibility, and the development of 21st-century skills. However, the success of this approach is highly dependent on teacher readiness, technology infrastructure, and institutional policy support. In addition, it is important to maintain a balance between online learning and face-to-face interactions to ensure students' mastery of communication skills. With careful planning and integrated support from all parties, blended learning can be an effective solution in teaching English in the digital era. This article offers important insights for educators and policy makers to optimize the potential of blended learning.
Optimization of Tool Path Planning on CNC Machine Performance in Time-Efficient Machining
Authors: Pajaziti Arbnor Kamber , Tafilaj Orlat , Gjelaj Afrim , Berisha Besart
Published: December 2024

This study explores the optimization of machining time in CNC milling machine by varying machine parameters and toolpath strategies. Using simulation ICAM3D software, the approach focuses on minimizing machining time while adhering to operational constraints. In addition, a novel approach for the optimization of G-code in time machining, focusing on reducing machining time while maintaining the required precision and quality of the finished product has been presented. We propose a method that integrates advanced algorithms to identify and eliminate redundant movements, optimize tool paths, and improve machining strategies. The experimental results demonstrate a significant reduction in machining time without compromising the machining accuracy, offering substantial cost savings and efficiency improvements for industrial applications. The importance of this work lies in the correct choice of toolpath strategy. This is best demonstrated by the third P3 project, where it is evident that the minimum time for project completion is 20 minutes and 2 seconds. After analysing data from ICAM and real-time CNC outputs for the P3 project, the completion time has been successfully reduced to 15 minutes and 23 seconds. To further enhance efficiency, additional software tools such as ARTCAM and ASPIRE have been utilized to implement a new toolpath strategy.
Enhancing Climbing Performance of RC Crawlers: The Impact of Inverse Rotating Drive Shaft Systems
Authors: Wu Yuxuan
Published: December 2024

This study proposes a novel Inverse Rotating Drive Shaft System (IRDSS) to mitigate torque twist and enhance climbing stability in Radio-Controlled (RC) crawlers. By counteracting torque-induced rollovers through reverse angular momentum, the IRDSS aims to improve performance on uneven terrains. The study combines real-world testing on simulated terrains, dynamic simulations using RecurDyn, and theoretical analyses to evaluate two RC crawler models: one with the IRDSS and one with a standard transmission. Results showed that the IRDSS-equipped crawler achieved a 7.5% improvement in maximum climb angle on high-friction surfaces, reaching 64.8° compared to 60.3° for the standard model. However, on low-friction surfaces, both models were traction-limited, achieving similar climb angles of approximately 48°. These findings highlight the IRDSS's ability to enhance performance in high-friction environments, offering insights into optimizing RC crawler designs for stability and climbing capability under varied terrain conditions.
OS Agents: A Survey on MLLM-Based Agents for General Computing Devices Use
Authors: Hu Xueyu , Xiong Tao , Yi Biao , Wei Zishu , Xiao Ruixuan , Chen Yurun , Ye Jiasheng , Tao Meiling , Zhou Xiangxin , Zhao Ziyu , Li Yuhuai , Xu Shengze , Wang Shawn , Xu Xinchen , Qiao Shuofei , Kuang Kun , Zeng Tieyong , Wang Liang , Li Jiwei , Jiang Yuchen Eleanor , Zhou Wangchunshu , Wang Guoyin , Yin Keting , Zhao Zhou , Yang Hongxia , Wu Fan , Zhang Shengyu , Wu Fei
Published: December 2024

The dream to create AI assistants as capable and versatile as the fictional J.A.R.V.I.S from Iron Man has long captivated imaginations. With the evolution of (multimodal) large language models ((M)LLMs), this dream is closer to reality, as (M)LLM-based Agents using computing devices (e.g., computers and mobile phones) by operating within the environments and interfaces (e.g., Graphical User Interface (GUI)) provided by operating systems (OS) to automate tasks have significantly advanced. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of these advanced agents, designated as OS Agents. We begin by elucidating the fundamentals of OS Agents, exploring their key components including the environment, observation space, and action space, and outlining essential capabilities such as understanding, planning, and grounding. We then examine methodologies for constructing OS Agents, focusing on domain-specific foundation models and agent frameworks. A detailed review of evaluation protocols and benchmarks highlights how OS Agents are assessed across diverse tasks. Finally, we discuss current challenges and identify promising directions for future research, including safety and privacy, personalization and self-evolution. This survey aims to consolidate the state of OS Agents research, providing insights to guide both academic inquiry and industrial development. An open-source GitHub repository is maintained as a dynamic resource to foster further innovation in this field.
On the possibility of Bose condensate formation in ultracold neutron gas
Authors: Lakhno Victor Dmitrievich
Published: December 2024

It is suggested that the anomalous leakage of ultra-cold neutrons from a neutron trap may be associated with the formation of dineutrons in it. It is shown that the gas of ultracold neutrons at temperatures T less than 10-3 K should form a dineutron Bose condensate even in the absence of dineutrons as free stable particles. The consequences arising from the assumption of the stability of dineutrons in neutron stars are considered. The conditions for the formation of a Bose condensate from dineutrons in them and in heavy nuclei are discussed
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF USING SOLID LUBRICANTS IN DIAMOND GRINDING OF HARD-TO-MACHINE ALLOYS AND STEELS
Authors: Stepanov Mykhailo , Hasanov Magomedemin , Rudnev Aleksandr , Kotlyar Oleksii , Titarenko Oksana , Ivanova Marina , Baranov V'yacheslav
Published: December 2024

The results of research on cutting forces during diamond grinding of materials used in the manufacture and repair of aircraft equipment: titanium alloy VТ-22 and heat-resistant dispersion-hardening high-alloy stainless steel 10Х11Н23Т3МР were analyzed. Grinding was carried out using solid lubricating materials developed by the authors. The obtained results allow us to state that solid lubricating materials are able to effectively reduce friction. Stearic acid should be considered the basis for the creation of TZM with further improvement of their composition.
REGULATION OF THERMAL PROCESSES DURING ELECTROEROSIVE GRINDING WITH VARIABLE ELECTRODE POLARITY
Authors: Strelchuk Roman
Published: December 2024

The temperature regime during electroerosive grinding with periodic change of electrode polarity was studied. Special attention is given to the analysis of thermal phenomena occurring in the cutting zone and their impact on the quality of the machined surface. Using the Thirdwavesys graphical environment, process modeling was conducted, allowing for the creation of a simulation model that considers the influence of thermal impulses on the active resistance of the interelectrode gap and the parameters of electrodischarge impulses. Experimental studies have shown that electrical processes in the interelectrode gap exhibit an oscillatory nature, affecting the thermal regime. The obtained results allowed for the development of a mathematical model that accurately reflects the real electrical processes occurring in the cutting zone. This ensures more precise prediction of the behavior of the cutting tool and the machined material, enhancing the efficiency and quality of the electroerosive grinding process. Overall, the research confirms the importance of temperature control to achieve stable machining quality and minimize thermal deformations. The conclusions of this work will contribute to the further development of electroerosive grinding technologies and their application in the industry for machining high–quality parts from hard–to–machine materials.
RESEARCH AND IMPROVEMENT OF PREFABRICATED SLOTTING CUTTERS FOR CROSS TURNING ON HEAVY LATHES
Authors: Mironenko Evgeny Vasilyevich , Myrantsov Serhiy , Mironenko Oleh
Published: December 2024

The article presents studies of prefabricated slotting cutters for heavy lathes and rotary machines designed for cutting deep grooves with a width of 32 to 40 mm in parts such as rotating bodies. The research methods used were simulation modeling of the three-dimensional stress-strain state of prefabricated cutter structures, simulation modeling of the dynamic behavior of tools: harmonic analysis (analysis of natural frequencies); transient process of loading the cutting plate when cutting the tool into a part (reaction to a step load); response of a structure to a harmonic load. The finite element method was used as an experimental tool. In the process of research, a comparative analysis of the designs of prefabricated cutters was carried out in terms of the strength of the tool cutting plate and the rigidity of its fastening in the tool body. The influence of the method of basing the cutting insert in the tool body, design parameters and design parameters of the elements of the fastening unit are analyzed. A constructive improvement of the mechanical fastening unit has been proposed.
Study of photon-counting images compared with energy-integrated images for mammography
Authors: Shinohara Norimitsu , Nishihara Toshiyuki , Oguchi Shinichi
Published: December 2024

High-quality mammographic images are necessary because lesions on mammograms are sometimes difficult for the physician to interpret because they are faint and microscopic. In addition, the breast requires minimal radiation exposure. Current photon counting is energy- integrated images, not photon-counting images, which measures individual photons. In this study, we focused on a mammography system and constructed a novel scheme to experimentally and accurately compare photon-counting images with energy integrated images, where these two types of images are compared at the same total X-ray photon fluence using the same X-ray detection system. In the detecting device, a CsI(Tl) scintillator with columnar crystals is directly glued to the imaging face of an sensitive image sensor. Photon-counting and energy-integrated images were captured with different frame rates and tube currents, while the positional setting of each piece of equipment remained the same. The results showed that the gold discs in the CDMAM3.4 phantom were visually detectable in both energy-integrated and photon-counting images, although the image quality was different, consistent with the simulation. However, our detection devices are small and a larger size is essential for clinical applications.
Saîd Havvâ’nın Sûfî Şahsiyeti, Tasavvufî Görüşleri ve Tezkiye Anlayışı
Authors: Bener Mehmet Emin
Published: December 2024

Saîd Havvâ, İhvân-ı Müslimîn teşkilatının Suriye’deki en önemli temsilcilerinden biridir. Kuruluş itibariyle bir davet hareketi olan bu teşkilatla Havvâ’nın ilk teması lise yıllarında olur. O, bu dönemde hocalığını yapan Muhammed Hâmid’in yönlendirmesiyle bazı sûfîlerin meclislerine katılarak tasavvufla tanışır. Liseyi bitirdikten sonra dönemin önemli sûfîlerini ziyaret ederek sohbetlerine katılır ve onlardan istifade eder. Zamanla sülûk ettiği bu yolda halifelik ve irşad için icazet alır. Onun beş farklı tarikattan halifelik aldığı bilinmektedir; ancak aktif bir sûfîlik anlayışına sahip olduğu için dergâh faaliyetlerinde bulunma yerine hayatını fikrî ve siyasî mücadeleye adamıştır. Terbiyetünâ er-rûhiyye, Müzekkirât fî menâzili's-sıddîkîn ve'r-rabbâniyyîn ile el-Müstahlas fî tezkiyeti'l-enfüs onun müstakil olarak tasavvufa dair telif ettiği eserlerdir. Bu eserlerinin dışında özellikle Key lâ nemdî be‘îden ‘an ihtiyâcâti’l-‘asr ve Cevlâtün fi’l-fıkheyni’l-kebîr ve’l-ekber ve usûlihimâ adlı eserleri onun tasavvufî anlayışına dair önemli bilgiler ihtiva eder. Havvâ bu eserlerinde tasavvufî görüşlerinin yanı sıra tasavvufun meselelerinde tasavvuf ile selefi anlayış arasındaki dengeden etraflıca bahseder. Havvâ’nın tasavvufî şahsiyeti ve tasavvufî görüşlerine dair ülkemizde yapılmış herhangi çalışmaya rastlamadık. Bu çalışmanın ileride yapılmasını temenni ettiğimiz akademik çalışmalara zemin teşkil edeceği inancındayız.
Selecting the Right Cooking Medium
Authors:   Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Neurospinal & Medical Institute, Karachi, Pakistan., Kamal Shahid
Published: December 2024

There are few areas that are so riddled with confusion, contradictions, misinformation and conflicting opinions and recommendations than the issue of selecting the right cooking oil and fat for preparing one’s food. It is imperative to understand the basic facts about fats and oils. While the chefs are fixated on an oil with a mild flavor and a high smoke point, the health experts are more concerned with the polyunsaturated versus saturated fat discussion. The issue is plagued with various misconceptions like Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA) being always healthy, assumption that flax or apricot oil must be healthy since the source is healthy, and overemphasis on smoke point without considering the process that the oil might have gone through. For instance, flax seed oil may have beneficial Omega-3s and PUFA, but, the low smoke point damages these rendering them pro-inflammatory.
Frequency of Stroke among Children with Sickle Cell Disease in Southern Region of Saudi Arabia: Single Center Experience
Authors:   Pediatric Department, Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushait, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Asmari Badriah Gharamah Al , Alpakra Mohammed ,   Pediatric Department, Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushait, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Saeed Muhammad ,   Pediatric Department, Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushait, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Tahir Ali Mujtaba ,   Pediatric Department, Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushait, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Alshahrani Abla Abdullah Al-Ashik ,   Pediatric Department, Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushait, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Alqarni Sultan Mahdi ,   Pediatric Department, Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushait, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Suhluli Yahya Salman Hassan ,   Pediatric Department, Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushait, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD), being an autosomal recessive disorder of hemoglobin, carries a varied worldwide prevalence. It is characterized by a range of complications hemolytic crisis, vaso-occlusive crisis, splenic sequestration, acute chest syndrome and occasionally stroke.
Objective: To ascertain the frequency of stroke in pediatric population with sickle cell disease (SCD).
Materials and Methods: Retrospective observational study, was conducted in Pediatric Medicine Department, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushait, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from1st July 2018 to 30th June 2023. The data was collected for last five years regarding pediatric patients of sickle cell anemia and aged one to 14 years.
Result: Among 322 patients of sickle cell disease, 116 were female and 206 male with mean age 6 years 2 months. Each patient had an average of 2.3 admissions during the course of the disease. The most common diagnosis was vaso-occlusive crisis for the inpatient care. The mean hemoglobin was 9.24 g/dL. Transcanial doppler identified recording of high velocity in middle cerebral artery in 2% of sickle patients. 6 patients (1.9%) were found to have stroke with mean age of 9 years 10 months, with obliteration of middle cerebral artery in 4 patients (66%).
Conclusion: Among the children of southern region of Saudi Arabia, the frequency of stroke in SCD patients was 1.9%.
Mini Cholecystectomy versus Conventional Cholecystectomy: A Comparative Interventional Study among Cholelithiasis Patients Operated at DHQ Teaching Hospital, Dera Ghazi Khan
Authors:   Surgical Unit I, Allama Iqbal Teaching Hospital, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan., Anwar Muhammad Rizwan , Bhatti Muhammad Asim ,   Surgical Unit I, Allama Iqbal Teaching Hospital, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan., Qaisrani Uzair ,   Surgical Unit I, Allama Iqbal Teaching Hospital, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan.
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Background: Gall-bladder-associated diseases, specifically Cholelithiasis, is among the most common Hepatobiliary tract disorders, and hence, cholecystectomy remains the most frequently performed surgical procedure worldwide, many incisional approaches for cholecystectomy have been demonstrated.
Objective: To compare the surgical outcomes of mini cholecystectomy with conventional cholecystectomy in the management of Cholelithiasis.
Materials and Methods: This comparative interventional study was conducted at the Department of Surgery in Allama Iqbal Teaching Hospital, Dera Ghazi Khan, from Feb 2022 to Jan 2023. A total of 100 Cholelithiasis patients were included and randomly assigned to the treatment groups (A and B) in equal proportion. Group A patients were treated with Mini-cholecystectomy, while in group B, conventional open cholecystectomy was performed. The patients of both treatment groups were followed up a day after surgery (24 hrs.) for pain assessment via visual analogue scale (VAS), and SOS analgesic consumption was also monitored. The 2nd follow-up was planned on the 10th postoperative day for the assessment of wound infection.
Result: The mean age of patients in group A (Mini Cholecystectomy) and group B (Conventional Cholecystectomy) was 44.92±11.16 and 45.64±9.79 years, respectively. Females represented 77% of the study population. There was a significant difference in the mean hospital stay among group A and B patients, i.e. 1.22±0.42 days vs. 1.5±0.5 days (p=0.026). Furthermore, 7% of patients in group A and 14% of group B had wound infections. It was also observed that moderate to severe pain was reported in 6% and 17% of group A and B patients respectively, while no pain was reported among 68% and 58%, respectively.
Conclusion: Mini cholecystectomy is a better and more reliable approach than conventional cholecystectomy in terms of decreased post-operative pain, hospital stay and lesser chances of wound infection.
The Effect of Structural Capital, Working Capital Management and Earnings Management on Financial Distress
Authors: Hassa Anandya Nur’alia , Azzardina Aulia
Published: December 2024

This study examines the effect of structural capital, working capital management, and earnings management on financial distress. The data used comes from the annual reports of retail companies, which were selected using the purposive sampling method. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to test the hypothesis. The results of the study indicate that earnings management has no effect on financial distress, but structural capital and working capital management have a positive effect on financial distress. These results support the resource-based theory, which states that company resources are unique and essential to achieving sustainable competitive advantage so that companies can identify key resources, innovation, differentiation through unique resources, and company reputation. However, if not done correctly, it will increase costs and bring the company into a state of distress. Further research is also expected to elaborate several theories that can support the results of the study. The results of this study can provide insight for companies in designing strategies to manage resources efficiently, reduce the risk of financial distress, and improve financial performance
The Influence of Marketing Costs and Production Costs on Net Profit of Food and Beverage Subsector Manufacturing Companies Listed on The Indonesian Stock Exchange 2020-2023
Authors: Irmawati Irmawati , Mazidah Nurul , Hidayatin Dina Alafi
Published: December 2024

Net profit is one of the leading indicators in investment decision-making. Companies that have a high net profit value are believed to provide prosperity for investors. A company's net profit is obtained from revenue minus costs. The most significant cost components in the food and beverage sector industry profit and loss report are marketing costs and production costs. Thus, these two costs need to be managed well in order to support maximum net profit. This research aims to find out how marketing costs and production costs influence increasing profits in Food and beverage subsector Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research used 64 data samples. The results of this research analysis state that marketing costs can have a positive influence on the company's net profit. Likewise, production costs have been proven to have a positive influence on the company's net profit. It is hoped that the results of this research can provide consideration for decision-makers, such as managers and investors, that marketing costs and production costs that can be managed well can contribute to increasing the company's net profit
Factores asociados a dehiscencia de anastomosis tras restitución del tránsito intestinal por ostomías en pacientes del servicio de Cirugía General, Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, 2019-2023
Authors:   , Rojas Camacho Lucero Janeth , Palas Jara Mauricio Cesar
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Identificar factores asociados a dehiscencia de anastomosis tras restitución del tránsito intestinal por ostomías. Material y Métodos: Se incluyeron 54 pacientes que fueron sometidos a restitución del tránsito intestinal tras una colostomía o ileostomía, mayores de 18 años, durante el período enero 2019-mayo 2023. Se evaluaron factores asociados a dehiscencia de anastomosis. Los datos recopilados se analizaron utilizando STATA v16. Resultados: Se presentó dehiscencia de anastomosis en el 24,1% de los pacientes. Dentro del análisis bivariado se evidenció una asociación significativa en hipoalbuminemia (p=0,027), score ASA (p=0,011), Tiempo de cierre de ostomía (p=0,006) y transfusiones sanguíneas perioperatorias (p=0.008). Mientras que, en la regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta en el modelo ajustado el tiempo quirúrgico transoperatorio mayor a 180 min es la variable que se mantuvo estadísticamente significativo (RP: 1,33; P=0,05). Conclusiones: La hipoalbuminemia, score ASA, transfusiones sanguíneas perioperatorias y el tiempo de cierre de ostomía son factores asociados a dehiscencia de anastomosis.
Computational Analysis of Towed Solar Platform Aircraft
Authors: Suppes Galen J. , Suppes Adam B.
Published: December 2024

The use of single-sheet planform areas on aircraft can enable both lighter weight construction by eliminating internal wing structures and increased solar power collection through use of bifacial photovoltaic sheets (“bifacial sheets”); the result is > 4X Watts of collected solar energy per kilogram of structure. For single-sheet construction, structural constraints teach toward low aspect ratio designs that do not rely on lift forces being transferred crosswise across wingspans, enabled by towed platform technology. The challenge is developing good aerodynamic lift at aspect ratios of 1.0 and lower. Simulation of digital prototypes identified that the distributed propulsion technologies of Lift Span Tech and cross-over propulsor are particularly effective in single-sheet planform designs. Towed platform technology enables flexible designs that are robust. The combination of robustness and good performance enable 24/7 flight and day missions from the same design. When combined with distributed propulsion, bifacial sheets can displace battery weight, increase lift, prevent boundary layer separation, enable lower-aspect-ratio aircraft at high L/D efficiency, and enable takeoff and landing over shorter and more-diverse surfaces.
Hyperspectral remote sensing image classification based on enhanced pseudo 3D features and salient band selection
Authors: Li Ningyang
Published: December 2024

Hyperspectral classification is a research hotspot in the field of remote sensing. Recently, 3D convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved better classification performances than traditional machine learning algorithms. However, because of the large kernel size and spectral redundancy, the classification accuracy and efficiency of existing CNN-based methods are still restrained. In this paper, a lightweight model based on the enhanced pseudo 3D features and salient band selection is proposed for HSI classification. Specifically, an enhanced pseudo 3D convolution block is constructed to extract spectral-spatial features with less parameters. Then, a salient band selection block without parameters is designed to relieve the spectral redundancy. To obtain the diverse spectral dependency, a local-connected layer is introduced to explore the interactions between adjacent bands. By integrating these blocks, deep spectral-spatial pseudo 3D features can be well prepared for classification. Experiments on three HSI data sets show that the proposed model outperforms the state-of-the-arts. Source code is available at https://github.com/ningyang-li/EP3FEN.
Projected Evolution of the Urban Climate and Heatwaves using an Ensemble of Convection-Permitting Regional Climate Models
Authors: Michau Yohanna , Lemonsu Aude , Lucas-Picher Philippe , Bastin Sophie , Caillaud Cécile , de Vries Hylke , Adinolfi Mariana , Raffa Mario , Katragkou Eleni , Coppola Erika
Published: December 2024

With climate change, the challenges associated with extreme heat in cities are becoming ever more pressing. There is a need for accurate climate change projections for cities, and for robust quantification of changes in extreme temperatures under the combined effect of global warming and urban heat effect. The present study takes advantage of an ensemble of existing high-resolution climate simulations for a multi-model analysis of the urban climate and its evolution in the Paris region (France). Seven members, based on different Convection-Permitting Regional Climate Models (CP-RCM), provide 10-year simulations for a common historical period and two future periods with the RCP8.5 greenhouse gas emission scenario. The ensemble was analyzed to evaluate the CP-RCMs depending on the configuration, especially the surface database and land-surface modeling including or not a dedicated urban parameterization (based on a slab approach or an urban canopy model). All urbanized CP-RCMs capture the urban heat island (UHI) and its seasonal variations. A more precise assessment of CP-RCMs according to the type of parameterization remains tricky, and very sensitive to the type and resolution of land cover database. The analysis of projections indicates that all models agree with an increase in heatwave occurrences over Paris region, with greater signal on the natural areas surrounding the city. Most projections suggest a significant mitigation in the daytime UHI at seasonal scale in summer, and a decrease in nighttime UHI during heatwaves. The multi-model approach therefore makes it possible to confirm previous results already obtained by analyses based on a single model.
Granular Soil Particle Breakage Prediction Model Based on Population Evolution Theory
Authors: Long Yao , Chen Junhua , Xiao Yuanjie , Peng Youquan
Published: December 2024

A novel particle breakage model for granular soils was developed based on population evolution theory. The relationship between population evolution and particle breakage was first established, introducing key parameters such as the migration rate, comprehensive environmental impact coefficient, energy dissipation ratio, and effective constraint coefficient, with detailed explanations of their physical significance and calculation methods. The model's characteristics were analyzed, highlighting its ability to account for monodispersity, the equilibrium of extreme grain groups, and the inclusivity of over-limit particle groups. Parameters including fractal dimension and crushing coefficient were derived to further quantify the breakage process. Validation was conducted using experimental data from single-particle and multi-particle size group tests under varying soil conditions and stress states, demonstrating the model's capability to accurately describe the evolution of particle breakage across diverse scenarios.
Ehrlichia and Rickettsia species in a diverse tick community found on wild birds and bird workers in the Rio Grande Valley (Texas, USA)
Authors: Gonzalez Julia , Conway Mark , Hamer Sarah A.
Published: December 2024

Background
The tropical climate and diverse vector community allows the Rio Grande Valley (RGV) of south Texas to support many vector-borne pathogen transmission cycles. It is a key area for monitoring bird ticks, since most of the migratory birds fly through this corridor to move for south tropical latitudes. Some of the tick species that infest birds in Texas can also transmit tick-borne pathogens that concern public health.
Methods
During bird banding activities in 2019–2024, ticks were collected opportunistically from local and migrant birds as well as from outdoor recreationalists to explore the presence of tick-borne pathogens. Applying PCR-DNA sequencing approach, ticks were tested for Ehrlichia and Rickettsia species.
Results
Of 375 ticks, eight tick species were identified, including species regarded as locally established (Amblyomma inornatum, A. maculatum, A. mixtum, A. tenellum, Dermacentor variabilis), neotropical species imported by migratory birds (A. geayi, A. longirostre), and for the first time in Texas, Ixodes keiransi, formerly the North American lineage of Ixodes affinis. Amblyomma tenellum was the most abundant tick species (89.3%). All ticks were screened for Ehrlichia, resulting in E. chaffeensis detection in three A. tenellum ticks found on humans, and one positive for E. ewingii in an A. inornatum nymph collected off a Clay-colored Thrush (Turdus grayi). Both bacteria can cause human ehrlichiosis, which is infrequently reported in Texas. The Rickettsia screening of ticks resulted in detection of Rickettsia amblyommatis, a potentially pathogenic spotted fever group Rickettsia, in nine ticks: eight A. inornatum ticks, seven of which were collected off Long-billed Thrashers (Toxostoma longirostre), and an A. longirostre engorged nymph from an Acadian flycatcher (Empidonax virescens).
Conclusions
Our results highlight the importance of occupational exposure to ticks and potential public health impact of the relatively neglected human-biting vector, A. tenellum. There is also a critical need to investigate the fate of bird-imported A. inornatum and A. longirostre and the pathogens they carry.
Malaria prevalence in children aged 0 -5 years in the commune of Ntoum , northwest Gabon
Authors: Meye Bourdettes , Kenguele Hilaire Moudounga , Mve Robert Eya'ama , Ekambou Ludjer Mpiga , Ondo Joseph privat , Engonga Louis Clément Obame
Published: December 2024

Background
In Gabon, the malaria burden among children five residing in the western corner of the Estuary province is unknown.
Methods
This prospective observational study was conducted over six (6) months, from June to December 2024, at NTOUM Regional (NR) Hospital. Blood samples were collected from 274 children attending the hospital, and analyzed using two different diagnostic methods (microscopy and rapid diagnostic test (RDT)). The socio-demographic data of the children's parents or guardians and the means of malaria prevention used in their household were recorded using a structured questionnaire. Data were then analyzed using R software version 4.1.2. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.
Results
189 blood samples were microscopically and immunochromatographically positive, representing a overall malaria prevalence of 69%. Very good agreement was observed between light microscopy and RDT (97.5%). Among all the independent variables considered in this study, only the unemployment was significantly associated with malaria (OR = 2.28; 95% CI = 1.2–4.35; P = 0.0118). Whereas, children vomiting were less likely to be infected with malaria (OR = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.29–0.99; P = 0.045) The parents or guardians of the children surveyed were mostly educated to secondary or university level (94.4%) and preferred insecticide - treated nets to aerosol insecticides (71% and 21.2% respectively).
Conclusion
Malaria is a major public health problem in Gabon. It affects particularly children under five year’s old living in the commune of Ntoum. To break the chain of malaria transmission in this part of the country, better access to malaria preventive measures is needed.
TOPIC: Comparative Analysis of the Antihypertensive Effects of Red Palm Oil and Pumpkin Seed Oil in Nω-Nitro-L-arginine Methyl Ester-Induced Hypertensive Rats
Authors: ADENIRAN Francis Temitope , OLADAPO Olulola Olutoyin
Published: December 2024

Background: Hypertension is a prevalent cardiovascular disease with global health implications. Dietary interventions with local Nigerian food items offer promise in hypertension management, but the comparative effects of Red Palm Oil (RPO) and Pumpkin Seed Oil (PSO) are underexplored. This study investigated the effects of RPO and PSO supplementation on hypertension in male Wistar rats, focusing on onset of action and effectiveness.
Methods: Thirty-six male adult Wistar rats were divided into six groups: control, RPO without hypertension induction, PSO without hypertension induction, RPO after hypertension induction, PSO after hypertension induction, and hypertension induction without supplementation. Hypertension was induced using Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester over three weeks, followed by five weeks of intervention. Blood pressure and weight were monitored weekly. RPO and PSO supplementation in normotensive rats showed no significant body weight changes.
Results: By week 4, hypertensive groups showed a significant weight reduction compared to normotensive groups. Both RPO and PSO reduced systolic blood pressure compared to hypertensive controls (162.17 ± 2.3 vs. 136.40 ± 0.75, 134.20 ± 1.53 mmHg). RPO showed earlier efficacy by week 5, while PSO's effect was significant by week 7. Both oils reduced diastolic blood pressure by week 6 (147.00 ± 9.04 vs. 96.00 ± 4.53, 93.00 ± 3.99 mmHg) and lowered mean arterial pressure (145.00 ± 1.34 vs. 109.00 ± 2.49, 115.67 ± 1.48 mmHg).
Discussion and Conclusion: Supplementation with red palm oil (RPO) or pumpkin seed oil (PSO) did not significantly affect heart weight index compared to the normal control group. Additionally, there were no significant differences between Red Palm Oil and Pumpkin Seed Oil when compared with the control and when compared within each condition. However, hypertension induction led to a significant change in heart weight index compared to the normal control group.
Analysis of the Increase in the Complexity of Care in Family Medicine
Authors: Montero Juan José , Seda-Gombau Gemma , Zamora-Sánchez María Victoria , Rodríguez-Álvarez Maria del Mar , López-Torrent Estíbaliz , Torán-Montserrat Pere
Published: December 2024

Objective: To analyze how the complexity of consultation among family physicians has evolved between 2019 and 2022.
Methods: Cross-sectional, prospective, multicenter, observational study. 31 health centers in Catalonia, Spain. Ninety physicians were selected by convenience sampling, and 26 repeated in each year of the study. Descriptive study in 3 cuts in years 2019, 2021, 2022. Continuous variables expressed in means and standard deviations and categorical variables in frequencies and percentages. In bivariate comparisons of categorical variables the chi-squared test was used, for continuous variables in two groups T-students test was used, and for comparison in three groups analysis of variance was used. Statistical test were performed with bilateral contrast and statistical significance of p-value<0.05.
Results: 17,473 visits and 23,998 reasons for consultation in a total of 599 days. From 2019 to 2022 the mean number of total visits per day increased from 27.8±5.0 to 31.5±8.4 (p-value= 0.042). The mean number of reasons per consultation increased from 39.2±8.6 to 44.8±16.3 (p-value=0.040). Psychosocial pathology increased from 3.15% to 4.49% (p-value<0.001). The unscheduled medical management time increased from 13.4 ± 16.6 to 20.7 ± 19.3 minutes (p-value<0.001). Complex visits increased from 33.2% in 2019 to 37.5% in 2022 (p-value<0.001), mostly due to emotional and communicative complexity. Face-to-face visits were the most that presented the highest complexity.
Conclusions: The overall complexity of consultations, which affects more than one-third of total visits, has increased by 12.9% since 2019, especially in face-to-face visits. Clinical, emotional, and communicative complexity have increased significantly.
Evaluation of volumetric and surface stability of calcium silicate-based repair cements at different pHs
Authors: Janini Ana Cristina Padilha , Alves Débora Leticia Bittencourt Leite , Santos Victor Augusto Benedicto dos , Moraes Brenda Fornazaro , Silva Nilvan Alves , Barros-Costa Matheus , Martins Luciano Augusto Cano , Neto Francisco Haiter , Marciano Marina Angélica
Published: December 2024

Objectives: The objective of this research was to evaluate the volumetric and surface stability of calcium silicate-based repair cements ready-to-use and powder/liquid exposed to different pH levels.
Materials and Methods: Sixty human teeth were retro-prepared to a depth of 3mm and divided into two groups. The first group included powder/liquid cements Biodentine (Septodont, France) and MTA HP (Angelus, Brazil); the second group included ready-to-use cements Bio-C Repair (Angelus, Brazil) and ENDOCEM MTA (Maruchi, Republic of Korea). All samples were submerged in PBS solution with pH levels of 5, 7, and 12. Initially, the materials were evaluated for porosity, marginal adaptation, and volumetric change using micro-CT, and then re-evaluated after 7 and 30 days of exposure to PBS solution. The samples were characterized using SEM/EDS and RAMAN spectroscopy. Statistical evaluation was performed using ANOVA with a 5% significance level.
Results: Bio-C Repair showed significant statistical differences (p<0.05) at different pHs in 7 and 30 days compared to other materials, being greater in acidic medium. ENDOCEM, regardless of pH, at 30 days showed fewer voids when compared to other repair cements.
Conclusion: This micro-CT study demonstrated that regardless pH, the clinic presentation of calcium silicate-based materials ready-to-use showed highest volumetric lost than powder/liquid materials at 30 days.
Clinical Relevance: Under neutral pH conditions, calcium silicate-based materials are expected to maintain properties such as bioactivity and low solubility. However, in clinical situations involving infection and inflammation, pH variations can impact the physicochemical properties of these materials regardless of their clinical presentation.
Decision Making on Multi-valued Rough Neutrosophic Set Using Index Method and Vikor Method
Authors: Gomathi K. , Deepa G.
Published: December 2024

Rough sets provide a robust mathematical framework for handling incomplete and uncertain information. This paper introduces a new approach to enhancing decision-making in university admissions process using Multi-Valued Rough Neutrosophic Sets (MVRNS). We propose two new multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods, based on the Index and VIKOR method for MVRNS. The dataset used in this study is based on expert decision-making, ensuring relevance and accuracy in evaluating the criteria. By addressing uncertainty and vagueness in admission criteria, the proposed methods offer a more efficient and streamlined process compared to existing approaches. A numerical example is provided to demonstrate the practicality and effectiveness of the proposed methods in complex decision-making scenarios.
Kinesiophobia in patients with systemic sclerosis: relationship with functional status, pulmonary fibrosis, depression, and other clinical parameters
Authors: Pehlivan Canan Balamir , Sarıyıldız Mustafa Akif , Çevik Remzi , Erbatur Serkan , Batmaz İbrahim
Published: December 2024

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of kinesiophobia and its relationship with functional status, quality of life, pulmonary involvement, depression, and other clinical parameters of the disease in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).
Patients and Methods: A total of 100 individuals (40 patients with SSc and 60 healthy controls) were included in the study. The Tampa scale was used to assess kinesiophobia. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to assess depression, Scleroderma Health Assessment Questionnaire (SSc-HAQ) was used to assess functional status, Modified Rodnan Skin Score was used to assess skin thickness, and high-resolution computed tomography was used to assess lung fibrosis.
Results: The mean Tampa kinesiophobia score was significantly higher in patients with SSc compared to healthy controls. Depressive symptoms were present in 57.5% of patients with SSc. Disease duration, pain, fatigue, disease activity, functional status, pulmonary fibrosis and depressive symptoms were correlated with kinesiophobia in patients with SSc.
Conclusion: There is an increased prevalence of kinesiophobia in patients with systemic sclerosis, which seems to be more closely associated with disease duration, pain levels, and depressive symptoms.