bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Acylated Xylan-Based Magnetic Fe3O4 Hydrogels and Their Application for H2O2 Detection
Authors: Dai Qing-Qing , Ren Jun-Li , Peng Feng , Chen Xiao-Feng , Gao Cun-Dian , Sun Run-Cang
Published: August 2016

Acylated xylan-based magnetic Fe3O4 nanocomposite hydrogels (ACX-MNP-gels) were prepared by fabricating Fe3O4 nanoctahedra in situ within a hydrogel matrix which was synthesized by the copolymerization of acylated xylan (ACX) with acrylamide and N-isopropylacrylamide under ultraviolet irradiation. The size of the Fe3O4 fabricated within the hydrogel matrix could be adjusted through controlling the crosslinking concentrations (C). The magnetic hydrogels showed desirable magnetic and mechanical properties, which were confirmed by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, physical property measurement system, SEM, TGA, and compression test. Moreover, the catalytic performance of the magnetic hydrogels was explored. The magnetic hydrogels (C = 7.5 wt %) presented excellent catalytic activity and provided a sensitive response to H2O2 detection even at a concentration level of 5 × 10−6 mol·L−1. This approach to preparing magnetic hydrogels loaded with Fe3O4 nanoparticles endows xylan-based hydrogels with new promising applications in biotechnology and environmental chemistry.
Effect of Guest Atom Composition on the Structural and Vibrational Properties of the Type II Clathrate-Based Materials AxSi136, AxGe136 and AxSn136 (A = Na, K, Rb, Cs; 0 ≤ x ≤ 24)
Authors: Xue Dong , Myles Charles , Higgins Craig
Published: August 2016

Type II clathrates are interesting due to their potential thermoelectric applications. Powdered X-ray diffraction (XRD) data and density functional calculations for NaxSi136 found a lattice contraction as x increases for 0 < x < 8 and an expansion as x increases for x > 8. This is explained by XRD data that shows that as x increases, the Si28 cages are filled first for x < 8 and the Si20 cages are then filled for x > 8. Motivated by this work, here we report the results of first-principles calculations of the structural and vibrational properties of the Type II clathrate compounds AxSi136, AxGe136, and AxSn136. We present results for the variation of the lattice constants, bulk moduli, and other structural parameters with x. These are contrasted for the Si, Ge, and Sn compounds and for guests A = Na, K, Rb, and Cs. We also present calculated results of phonon dispersion relations for Na4Si136, Na4Ge136, and Na4Sn136 and we compare these for the three materials. Finally, we present calculated results for the elastic constants in NaxSi136, NaxGe136, and NaxSn136 for x = 4 and 8. These are compared for the three hosts, as well as for the two compositions.
Label Free QCM Immunobiosensor for AFB1 Detection Using Monoclonal IgA Antibody as Recognition Element
Authors: Ertekin Özlem , Öztürk Selma , Öztürk Zafer
Published: August 2016

This study introduces the use of an IgA isotype aflatoxin (AF) specific monoclonal antibody for the development of a highly sensitive Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) immunobiosensor for the detection of AF in inhibitory immunoassay format. The higher molecular weight of IgA antibodies proved an advantage over commonly used IgG antibodies in label free immunobiosensor measurements. IgA and IgG antibodies with similar affinity for AF were used in the comparative studies. Sensor surface was prepared by covalent immobilization of AFB1, using self assembled monolayer (SAM) formed on gold coated Quartz Crystal, with 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxy succinimide (EDC/NHS) method using a diamine linker. Nonspecific binding to the surface was decreased by minimizing the duration of EDC/NHS activation. Sensor surface was chemically blocked after AF immobilization without any need for protein blocking. This protein free sensor chip endured harsh solutions with strong ionic detergent at high pH, which is required for the regeneration of the high affinity antibody-antigen interaction. According to the obtained results, the detection range with IgA antibodies was higher than IgG antibodies in QCM immunosensor developed for AFB1.
Ixodes holocyclus Tick-Transmitted Human Pathogens in North-Eastern New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Graves Stephen , Jackson Chrissie , Hussain-Yusuf Hazizul , Vincent Gemma , Nguyen Chelsea , Stenos John , Webster Maurice
Published: August 2016

A group of 14 persons who live in an area of Australia endemic for the Australian paralysis tick, Ixodes holocyclus, and who were involved in regularly collecting and handling these ticks, was examined for antibodies to tick-transmitted bacterial pathogens. Five (36%) had antibodies to Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever and three (21%) had antibodies to spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae (Rickettsia spp). None had antibodies to Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Orientia, or Borrelia (Lymedisease) suggesting that they had not been exposed to these bacteria. A total of 149 I. holocyclus ticks were examined for the citrate synthase (gltA) gene of the SFG rickettsiae and the com1 gene of C. burnetii; 23 (15.4%) ticks were positive for Rickettsia spp. and 8 (5.6%) positive for Coxiella spp. Sequencing of fragments of the gltA gene and the 17 kDa antigen gene from a selection of the ticks showed 99% and 100% homology, respectively, to Rickettsia australis, the bacterium causing Queenslandtick typhus. Thus, it appears that persons bitten by I. holocyclus in NE NSW, Australia have an approximate one in six risk of being infected with R. australis. Risks of Q fever were also high in this region but this may have been due to exposure by aerosol from the environment rather than by tick bite. A subset of 74 I. holocyclus ticks were further examined for DNA from Borrelia spp., Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. but none was positive. Some of these recognised human bacterial pathogens associated with ticks may not be present in this Australian tick species from northeastern New South Wales.
Synthesis and properties of fluorescent 4′-azulenyl-functionalized 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridines
Authors: Ion Adrian E , Cristian Liliana , Voicescu Mariana , Bangesh Masroor , Madalan Augustin M , Bala Daniela , Mihailciuc Constantin , Nica Simona
Published: August 2016

4′-Azulenyl-substituted terpyridines were efficiently synthesized following the Kröhnke methodology via azulenylchalcone intermediates. These azulenyl-containing terpyridines showed fluorescent emission with a fluorescence quantum yield varying from 0.14, in the case of parent terpyridine, to 0.64 when methyl groups are grafted on the azulenyl seven-membered ring. According to the crystal structures and TDDFT calculations, different twisting of the aromatic constituents is responsible for the observed fluorescent behavior. The electrochemical profile contains one-electron oxidation/reduction steps, which can only be explained on the basis of the redox behavior of the azulene unit. The ability of the 4′-azulenyl 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine to bind poisoning metal cations was studied by UV–vis titrations using aqueous solutions of Hg(II) and Cd(II) chlorides as illustrative examples.
SEARCHING FOR SCATTERERS: HIGH-CONTRAST IMAGING OF YOUNG STARS HOSTING WIDE-SEPARATION PLANETARY-MASS COMPANIONS
Authors: Bryan Marta L. , Bowler Brendan P. , Knutson Heather A. , Kraus Adam L. , Hinkley Sasha , Mawet Dimitri , Nielsen Eric L. , Blunt Sarah C.
Published: August 2016

We have conducted an angular differential imaging survey with NIRC2 at Keck in search of close-in substellar companions to a sample of seven systems with confirmed planetary-mass companions (PMCs) on wide orbits (>50 au). These wide-separation PMCs pose significant challenges to all three possible formation mechanisms: core accretion plus scattering, disk instability, and turbulent fragmentation. We explore the possibility that these companions formed closer in and were scattered out to their present-day locations by searching for other massive bodies at smaller separations. The typical sensitivity for this survey is ΔK ∼ 12.5 at 1″. We identify eight candidate companions, whose masses would reach as low as one Jupiter mass if gravitationally bound. From our multi-epoch astrometry we determine that seven of these are conclusively background objects, while the eighth near DH Tau is ambiguous and requires additional monitoring. We rule out the presence of >7 M
Jup bodies in these systems down to 15–50 au that could be responsible for scattering. This result combined with the totality of evidence suggests that dynamical scattering is unlikely to have produced this population of PMCs. We detect orbital motion from the companions ROXs 42B b and ROXs 12 b, and from this determine 95% upper limits on the companions’ eccentricities of 0.58 and 0.83 respectively. Finally, we find that the 95% upper limit on the occurrence rate of additional planets with masses between 5 and 15 M
Jup outside of 40 au in systems with PMCs is 54%.
ANALYZING THE LARGEST SPECTROSCOPIC DATA SET OF STRIPPED SUPERNOVAE TO IMPROVE THEIR IDENTIFICATIONS AND CONSTRAIN THEIR PROGENITORS
Authors: Liu Yu-Qian , Modjaz Maryam , Bianco Federica B. , Graur Or
Published: August 2016

Using the largest spectroscopic data set of stripped-envelope core-collapse supernovae (stripped SNe), we present a systematic investigation of spectral properties of Type IIb SNe (SNe IIb), Type Ib SNe (SNe Ib), and Type Ic SNe (SNe Ic). Prior studies have been based on individual objects or small samples. Here, we analyze 242 spectra of 14 SNe IIb, 262 spectra of 21 SNe Ib, and 207 spectra of 17 SNe Ic based on the stripped SN data set of Modjaz et al. and other published spectra of individual SNe. Each SN in our sample has a secure spectroscopic ID, a date of V-band maximum light, and most have multiple spectra at different phases. We analyze these spectra as a function of subtype and phase in order to improve the SN identification scheme and constrain the progenitors of different kinds of stripped SNe. By comparing spectra of SNe IIb with those of SNe Ib, we find that the strength of Hα can be used to quantitatively differentiate between these two subtypes at all epochs. Moreover, we find a continuum in observational properties between SNe IIb and Ib. We address the question of hidden He in SNe Ic by comparing our observations with predictions from various models that either include hidden He or in which He has been burnt. Our results favor the He-free progenitor models for SNe Ic. Finally, we construct continuum-divided average spectra as a function of subtype and phase to quantify the spectral diversity of the different types of stripped SNe.
STATISTICALLY DETERMINED DISPERSION RELATIONS OF MAGNETIC FIELD FLUCTUATIONS IN THE TERRESTRIAL FORESHOCK
Authors: Hnat B. , O’Connell D. , Nakariakov V. M. , Sundberg T.
Published: August 2016

We obtain dispersion relations of magnetic field fluctuations for two crossings of the terrestrial foreshock by Cluster spacecraft. These crossings cover plasma conditions that differ significantly in their plasma β and in the density of the reflected ion beam, but not in the properties of the encountered ion population, both showing shell-like distribution function. Dispersion relations are reconstructed using two-point instantaneous wave number estimations from pairs of Cluster spacecraft. The accessible range of wave vectors, limited by the available spacecraft separations, extends to ≈2 × 104 km. Results show multiple branches of dispersion relations, associated with different powers of magnetic field fluctuations. We find that sunward propagating fast magnetosonic waves and beam resonant modes are dominant for the high plasma β interval with a dense beam, while the dispersions of the interval with low beam density include Alfvén and fast magnetosonic modes propagating sunward and anti-sunward.
MODELING THE RISE OF FIBRIL MAGNETIC FIELDS IN FULLY CONVECTIVE STARS
Authors: Weber Maria A. , Browning Matthew K.
Published: August 2016

Many fully convective stars exhibit a wide variety of surface magnetism, including starspots and chromospheric activity. The manner by which bundles of magnetic field traverse portions of the convection zone to emerge at the stellar surface is not especially well understood. In the solar context, some insight into this process has been gleaned by regarding the magnetism as consisting partly of idealized thin flux tubes (TFTs). Here we present the results of a large set of TFT simulations in a rotating spherical domain of convective flows representative of a 0.3 M
⊙ main-sequence star. This is the first study to investigate how individual flux tubes in such a star might rise under the combined influence of buoyancy, convection, and differential rotation. A time-dependent hydrodynamic convective flow field, taken from separate 3D simulations calculated with the anelastic equations, impacts the flux tube as it rises. Convective motions modulate the shape of the initially buoyant flux ring, promoting localized rising loops. Flux tubes in fully convective stars have a tendency to rise nearly parallel to the rotation axis. However, the presence of strong differential rotation allows some initially low-latitude flux tubes of moderate strength to develop rising loops that emerge in the near-equatorial region. Magnetic pumping suppresses the global rise of the flux tube most efficiently in the deeper interior and at lower latitudes. The results of these simulations aim to provide a link between dynamo-generated magnetic fields, fluid motions, and observations of starspots for fully convective stars.
MODELING THE Lyα FOREST IN COLLISIONLESS SIMULATIONS
Authors: Sorini Daniele , Oñorbe José , Lukić Zarija , Hennawi Joseph F.
Published: August 2016

Cosmological hydrodynamic simulations can accurately predict the properties of the intergalactic medium (IGM), but only under the condition of retaining the high spatial resolution necessary to resolve density fluctuations in the IGM. This resolution constraint prohibits simulating large volumes, such as those probed by BOSS and future surveys, like DESI and 4MOST. To overcome this limitation, we present “Iteratively Matched Statistics” (IMS), a novel method to accurately model the Lyα  forest with collisionless N-body simulations, where the relevant density fluctuations are unresolved. We use a small-box, high-resolution hydrodynamic simulation to obtain the probability distribution function (PDF) and the power spectrum of the real-space Lyα  forest flux. These two statistics are iteratively mapped onto a pseudo-flux field of an N-body simulation, which we construct from the matter density. We demonstrate that our method can reproduce the PDF, line of sight and 3D power spectra of the Lyα  forest with good accuracy (7%, 4%, and 7% respectively). We quantify the performance of the commonly used Gaussian smoothing technique and show that it has significantly lower accuracy (20%–80%), especially for N-body simulations with achievable mean inter-particle separations in large-volume simulations. In addition, we show that IMS produces reasonable and smooth spectra, making it a powerful tool for modeling the IGM in large cosmological volumes and for producing realistic “mock” skies for Lyα  forest surveys.
CATALOGS OF COMPACT GROUPS OF GALAXIES FROM THE ENHANCED SDSS DR12
Authors: Sohn Jubee , Geller Margaret J. , Hwang Ho Seong , Zahid H. Jabran , Lee Myung Gyoon
Published: August 2016

We apply a friends-of-friends algorithm to an enhanced SDSS DR12 spectroscopic catalog, including redshift from the literature to construct a catalog of 1588

compact groups of galaxies containing 5178 member galaxies and covering the redshift range 0.01 < z < 0.19. This catalog contains 18 times as many systems and reaches 3 times the depth of the similar catalog of Barton et al. We construct catalogs from both magnitude-limited and volume-limited galaxy samples. Like Barton et al. we omit the frequently applied isolation criterion in the compact group selection algorithm. Thus the groups selected by fixed projected spatial and rest-frame line-of-sight velocity separation produce a catalog of groups with a redshift-independent median size. In contrast to previous catalogs, the enhanced SDSS DR12 catalog (including galaxies with r < 14.5) includes many systems with z ≲ 0.05. The volume-limited samples are unique to this study. The compact group candidates in these samples have a median stellar mass independent of redshift. Groups with velocity dispersion ≲100

show abundant evidence for ongoing dynamical interactions among the members. The number density of the volume-limited catalogs agrees with previous catalogs at the lowest redshifts but decreases as the redshift increases. The SDSS fiber placement constraints limit the catalog’s completeness. In spite of this issue, the volume-limited catalogs provide a promising basis for detailed spatially resolved probes of the impact of galaxy–galaxy interactions within similar dense systems over a broad redshift range.
A SEARCH FOR VERY LOW-LUMINOSITY OBJECTS IN GOULD BELT CLOUDS
Authors: Kim Mi-Ryang , Lee Chang Won , Dunham Michael M. , Evans II Neal J. , Kim Gwanjeong , Allen Lori E.
Published: August 2016

We present the results of a search for Very Low-Luminosity Objects (VeLLOs) in the Gould Belt (GB) clouds using infrared and sub-millimeter (sub-mm) data from 1.25 to 850 μm and our

(J = 1−0) observations. We modified the criteria by Dunham et al. to select the VeLLOs in the GB clouds, finding 95 VeLLO candidates, 79 of which are newly identified in this study. Out of 95 sources, 44 were detected in both sub-mm continuum and

emission and were classified as Group A (the VeLLOs), and 51 sources detected in either sub-mm emission or

emission were classified with Group B as candidate VeLLOs. We find that these VeLLOs and the candidates are forming in environments different from those of the likely VeLLOs. Seventy-eight sources are embedded within their molecular clouds, and thus are likely VeLLOs forming in a dense environment. The remaining 17 sources are located in low-level extinction regions (

) connected to the clouds, and can be either background sources or candidate substellar objects forming in an isolated mode. The VeLLOs and the candidates are likely more luminous and their envelopes tend to be more massive in denser environments. The VeLLOs and the candidates are more populous in the clouds where more YSOs form, indicating that they form in a manner similar to that of normal YSOs. The bolometric luminosities and temperatures of the VeLLOs are compared to predictions of episodic accretion models, showing that the low luminosities for most VeLLOs can be well explained by their status in the quiescent phases of a cycle of episodic mass accretion.
Rhétorique de l’engagement et liberté évangélique
Authors: Singer Christophe
Published: August 2016

Comme association fondée largement sur le bénévolat, l’Église développe une rhétorique de l’engagement. Or celui-ci est profondément transformé par l’hypermodernité, et marqué par un langage subjectiviste qui met l’accent sur la liberté de l’individu. Comment le paradoxe d’un engagement libre peut-il être éclairé par l’Évangile, sans que l’Évangile ne se résume au discours ambiant et à ses ambiguïtés ? Quelles sont les implications pour la rhétorique ecclésiale ? Christophe Singer * propose de penser la dialectique des œuvres et de la foi dans sa radicalité paradoxale comme réponse à cette interrogation.
Complex System Reliability Optimisation: Further Assessment of a Multicriteria Approach
Authors: Twum Stephen , Aspinwall Elaine
Published: August 2016

Optimal allocation of reliability to components of a system is one of the several ways of ensuring high system reliability in design. The problem which is typically formulated as single criterion optimisation encounters difficulty when the analytic system reliability expression is intractable usually as a result of complex system configuration. The current work re-examines a novel approach previously developed by the authors which takes a multicriteria view of the problem on the basis of the minimum cut sets of a system, and thus avoids finding the top level system reliability before optimisation. The model and methodology was applied to two complex system reliability allocation problems: a classical one and one associated with electricity transmission. The results were consistent with previously obtained ones by the authors and with the reliability importance of some notable components.
Effect of Variable Heat Source/Sink on Chemically Reacting 3D Slip Flow Caused by a Slendering Stretching Sheet
Authors: Jayachandra Babu Macharla , Sandeep Naramgari
Published: August 2016

Three-dimensional magnetohydromagnetic slip flow of chemically reacting fluid over a variable thickness stretching sheet with space and temperature dependent heat source/sink was analysed numerically. Runge-Kutta and Newton’s methods are employed for solving the reduced ordinary differential equations with the help of similarity variables. Plots are demonstrated and examined for several parameters of concern. Also the effect of the same parameters on skin friction coefficient, heat and mass transfer rates are presented in tabular form. We found a good agreement of the present results by comparing with the published results. It is observed that space and temperature dependent heat source/sink parameters acts like controlling parameters of heat transfer. Slip effects reduce the development of concentration and thermal boundary layers.
High Frequency Fields of the PEMC Elliptical Reflector Placed in Chiral Medium Using Maslov’s Method
Authors: Rahim Tariq , Xu Jia Dong
Published: August 2016

The high frequency field expressions are analyzed for perfect electromagnetic conducting (PEMC) elliptical reflector embedded in isotropic, homogeneous and reciprocal chiral medium. Geometric optics (GO) method is used to find the caustic region field for the PEMC elliptical reflector. However, GO fields are not valid around the caustic region due to the occurrence of un-realistic singularity around the caustic region. Therefore, Maslov’s method is used to derive the high frequency fields which are also valid in the vicinity of the caustic region. The effect of admittanceM of the PEMC boundary and the chirality parameter kβ on the high frequency fields are illustrated by plotting the numerical results using MATLAB software. A special case of PEMC circular reflector is also discussed.
Analytical Modeling and Optimization of a Solar Chimney Power Plant
Authors: Khelifi Cherif , Ferroudji Fateh , Ouali Mohammed
Published: August 2016

Wind and solar resources are diluted and intermittent on the earth; their combination allowed increasing their availability and stability. At great scale, the use of Solar Chimney Power Plant (SCPP) technique constitutes a promising alternative to fossil fuel for generating electrical power particularly in rich regions of natural resources such as solar, wind, terrain, built material, water…etc.). Recently, various research works investigate the design and optimization of these systems under operating conditions. The analysis of different studies carried out on (SCPP), allowed to develop a parametric modelization approach in steady state, founded on 1D heat and mass transfer inside the (SCPP) in order to describe, optimize and to assess its performances under the influence of geometric, operating and ambiance conditions using Matlab-Simulink code. From the present simulation results, the (SCPP) appeared feasible since the temperature gradient of the airflow between the inlet and outlet of the chimney attains 13°C and remains constant during operating cycle. The (SCPP) output is strongly influenced by solar radiation intensity, air heater surface, and chimney height. The solar air heater, the tower (chimney) and the (SCPP) efficiencies obtained are 22.6%, 19.2% and 2.6% respectively.
Investigation of the Effect of Sorbent Dosage and Solution pH on the Adsorption Efficiency of Catfish- and Tilapia-Derived Hydroxyapatite
Authors: Liberato Astrid Ayla E. , Cayabyab Jarevic P. , Dela Vega Ma. Shanlene D.C.
Published: August 2016

The contamination of water by heavy metals is still a continuing threat to the surrounding environment and to the lives of those exposed to it. A group of techniques to remove ions from contaminated water may employ naturally occurring sorbent materials like hydroxyapatite (HA). HA was successfully extracted from waste fishbones of locally-sourced catfish and tilapia as shown by the diffractograms. The amount of ions removed from Pb2+ solutions at two pH levels using 30 and 60 mg HA powders were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Based on the data, increasing pH and HA dosage increased the adsorption efficiency for both types of HA. However, the saturation of HA has not been attained with calculated adsorption capacities decreasing further with sorbent dosage due to an increase in the number of adsorption sites for a limited amount of ions. Although the values obtained at this level are comparable for both catfish- and tilapia-extracted HA, further studies will be needed to measure their corresponding maximum adsorption capacities. With this investigation, wastewater treatment for lead (II) ion contamination may become more accessible using inexpensive raw materials.
Multi Band Gap Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 Thin Films Deposited by Spray Pyrolysis for High Performance Solar Cell Devices
Authors: Hassan Muhammad Aamir , Mujahid Muhammad , Wong Lydia Helena
Published: August 2016

The performance of copper indium gallium disulfoselenide (CIGSSe) solar cells strongly depends on the band bap of absorbing layer of CIGSSe. The device performance can be improved by fabricating multi band gap layer of CIGSSe. However, the fabrication of multi band gap CIGSSe using non-vacuum techniques is challenging. In this study, we fabricated solar cell devices which consisted of multi band gap Cu (In,Ga)(S,Se)2 thin films. The CIGS thin films were prepared by the spray-pyrolysis of aqueous precursor solutions of gallium (gallium chloride; GaCl3), copper (indium chloride; CuCl2), indium (indium chloride; InCl3), and Sulphur (thiourea; (SC(NH2)2) sources on Mo-coated glass substrate. The as-sprayed thin films were then selenized at 500 °C for 10 minutes.After selenization, CIGS films were transformed to Cu (In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGSSe). The CIGS films with different composition were deposited again on top of selenized CIGSSe films and selenization process was repeated, hence multi band gap CIGSSe films were fabricated. The Chemical bath deposition (CBD) process was used to deposit cadmium sulphide (CdS) buffer layer. The solar cell fabricated with the device configuration of glass/Mo/CIGSSe/CdS/i-ZnO/AZO showed a power conversion efficiency of 6.51%.
Growth and Characteristics of SnO2/Ag/SnO2 Multi Layer Film with Thickness Variation of SnO2 Layer
Authors: Yoon Sang Moo , Jang Gun Eik
Published: August 2016

Multilayer structure with SnO2/Ag//SnO2 was prepared on glass substrates by sequential using RF/DC magnetron sputtering at room temperature. In order to estimate and compare with the experimental results in advance, EMP (Essential Macleod Program) simulation program was adopted. EMP simulation results suggested that the multilayered thin film of SnO2 (30 nm)/Ag (10 nm)/SnO2 (30 nm) exhibited the highest visible transmittance of 88.8 % at 550 nm, whereas experimentally measured transmittance showed 85.5 %, somewhat lower than simulation data. Even though most of films exhibit transmittance of about 88 % at 550 nm wavelength, there are some distinct differences between the experimental and simulated results. Sheet resistance (Rs) were almost constant and the lowest Rs value about 9.51 Ω/sq was acquired at the multi layers with the structure of SnO2 (30nm)/Ag (10nm)/SnO2 (30nm). However, the resistivity of the SnO2/Ag/SnO2 multi layer film increased systematically with increasing thickness of SnO2 layer from 30 to 50 nm. SnO2/Ag/SnO2 multilayer with 50 nm of SnO2 thickness resulted in a decrease of ΦTC due to decrease of transmittance. The highest ΦTC value of SnO2/Ag/SnO2 film was obtained at a SnO2 thickness of 35 nm.
Structural and Thermal Properties Investigation of Stearic Acid Dispersed Fe3O4/TiO2 Nanocomposites for Thermal Energy Storage
Authors: Andiarto Rizky , Nuryadin Muhammad Khalish , Saleh Rosari
Published: August 2016

In this paper, a series of magnetic Stearic acid (Sa)/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanocomposites were synthesized as a functional phase change materials through a two step methods; sol gel method followed by dispersion technique. Fe3O4/TiO2 nanocomposites were first synthesized by varying the molar ratio of Fe3O4:TiO2 from 1:1 to 1:5 followed by dispersing the synthesized Fe3O4/TiO2 nanocomposites in stearic acid (Sa). The structural properties were confirmed by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), while their chemical compositions were determined from energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The molecular interaction were detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Thermal storage capability such as latent heat and specific heat were detected by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) while high thermal reliability of their phase change performance were detected by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) experiment. The result shows that the incorporation of nanocomposites Fe3O4/TiO2 enhance the latent heat as well as heat capacity of phase change materials.
Evolution of the Structure and Physical Properties of the Nanocrystalline Soft Magnetic Alloy
Authors: Tsepelev Vladimir , Starodubtsev Yuri , Konashkov Victor
Published: August 2016

The structure and physical properties of the Fe72.5Cu1Nb2Mo1.5Si14B9 nanocrystalline alloy have been studied both in terms of dynamics, using thermomagnetic analysis and statics, using specimens subjected to a complete course of heat treatment at the specified annealing temperature. In the course of nanocrystallization, there was a peak detected on the curve of permeability, that peak appeared several minutes later than the heat production peak. The permeability peak occurrence can be related to the formation of a sufficiently large amount of the crystalline ferromagnetic phase α-FeSi followed by saturating it with silicon due to diffusion.
Preparation and Characterization of Hybrid Bonded Magnet Ba-Ferrite/NdFeB with Epoxy Resin
Authors: Muljadi  , Sardjono Priyo , Djauhari Nenen Rusnaeni , Suprapedi  , Ramlan
Published: August 2016

Hybrid bonded magnet Ba-Ferrite/NdFeB with 5% wt Epoxy Resin (ER) as polymer binder hsa been developed with variations in BaFe12O19 to NdFeB weight ratio. The variation of the BaO6Fe2O3 : Nd-Fe-B weight ratio are 90%:10%; 80%:20%; 70%:30% and 60%:40%. The magnetic particle consist of Ba-Ferrite and NdFeB were mixed until homogenize and compacted by using hydraulic press machine with 8 Tonf force to form a disc shape sample. The disc sample was dried using vacuum dryer with 10 mm bar pressure at 80°C for one hour before being magnetized using impulse magnetizer. The best %wt composition ratio of Ba-Ferrite/NdFeB is 70%/30% and 60%/40%. The hybrid bonded magnetic properties at the best %wt composition ratio are: bulk density = 4.28-4.43 g/cm3, FM = 1057-1121 Gauss, Br = 3.46-3.70 kG, Hc = 3.25-3.70 kOe, and BHmax = 1.60-1.70 MGOe.
Sinthesis and Characterization of Nd2Fe14B Powder from Nd-Fe-B Flakes by Wet Mechanical Milling and Heat Treatment
Authors: Sardjono Priyo , Muljadi  , Suprapedi  , Djauhari Nenen Rusnaeni
Published: August 2016

The Nyodimium-Iron-Boron (Nd-Fe-B) based materials are known as the best type of magnetic materials and it contains a magnetic phase Nd2Fe14B. The Nd-Fe-B alloy Flakes is one of the main raw material for producing of NdFeB-based permanent magnets and the size of Nd-Fe-B flakes are still coarse. Synthesis of Nd2Fe14B powder has been done by a wet mechanical milling method using the High Energy Milling (HEM) for 10 hrs and continued by heating at 600°C in vacuum condition (10-4 Pa). This process is used to produce a fine powder Nd2Fe14B for making of permanent magnets. The milling medium was used a toluene (pa-Emerck)) to protect of particle from oxidation during the milling process. After milling processes, the samples were measured distribution particle size by using Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). Microstructure analysis has been conducted by using X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM/EDX) for samples before milling and sample after heating. The characterization results show that after milling 10 hours, it was obtained fine powder with average size about 1.35 μm. According to SEM/EDX and XRD analysis show that the crystal structure of the sample before milling was different compared to the sample after heating. It is found new magnetic phase with formula Nd2Fe14B.
Effect of Combination of Admixture on the Development of Selected Properties of Concrete and their Comparison
Authors: Křížová Klára , Hela Rudolf
Published: August 2016

The paper is involved with effects of admixtures (fly ash, slag) and their combination on selected properties of ordinary concrete. The set of concrete covers seven different containing of Portland cement and approximately 10% of admixed slag and concrete with fly ash and slag contents up to 42 %. At early age of the concrete balanced values of compressive strength were obtained except the concrete with admixture combinations. And on the contrary at 28-day age the concrete with admixture combinations obtained comparable values like concrete with only one type of admixture. The compressive strength was monitored together with modulus of elasticity to 180-day age of the concrete. In the last phase the obtained values were compared with guide value where the slower development of theses parameters with applied admixtures was pointed out.
Impact of Polysiloxanes of Various Chemical Structure on Water Vapour Permeability in Silicone Plasters Used in Building Renovation
Authors: Brachaczek Wacław , Gradek Łukasz , Sarna Ewa
Published: August 2016

Ready-to-use mortars based on organic binders are increasingly widely applied in renovation of historic buildings. Thispaper contains an analysis of the impact of silicone-organic polymers of various chemical structures, used for silicone plasters production, on water vapour permeability in the produced render. The results were obtained by means of experiments. The Sd value of cured render formed from plasters containing different quantities of the analysed silicone-organic polymers at a different quantity of organic resin was studied. Statistical methods based on Statistical methods based on multiple regression were used to describe the Sd value dependence on the change in contents of the analysed polymers. It was discovered that the changes in the contents of organic resin in the plaster formula have a greater impact on the coat water vapour permeability in the cured render than the changes in the contents of polysiloxanes. The intensity of polysiloxanes impact on the Sdvalue depends on their chemical structure, and on the kind of substituents related to the siloxane skeleton in particular.
Identification of Thermal Characteristics of Selected Refractory Composites under High Temperature
Authors: Šot František , Šťastník Stanislav , Vala Jiří
Published: August 2016

High-temperature behaviour of refractory composites needs proper experimental and theoretical analysis, coming from classical thermodynamics. The dependence of usual thermal characteristics, as the thermal conductivity and thermal capacity, on temperature, cannot be neglected in any computational simulation, thus the experimental identification of their effective values is required. Whereas valid technical standards related to the hot-wire measurement technique enables us only certain approximate evaluation of thermal diffusivity, the very similar experimental configuration, supplied by the more advanced physical, mathematical and computational analysis, offers a possibility of reliable simultaneous identification of more characteristics. The crucial application is to the selection of appropriate silicate materials for the design of high-temperature storage of solar energy where both high thermal conductivity and thermal capacity are required. The first results refer to certain magnesite-based products as the good choice.
Influence of the Anchorage of PBO-FRCM Composites on the Effectiveness of Behaviour of Shearing Beams
Authors: Urbańska Dorota , Trapko Tomasz , Musiał Michał , Kowalik Tomasz
Published: August 2016

The shear capacity of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with cement based composite materials (FRCM system) was investigated in this paper. The analysis refers to PBO-FRCM system made by PBO fibres (p-Phenylene Benzobis Oxazole) and cement based mortar. The use of cement mortar is connected with the slip phenomenon that occurs between the matrix layer and the fibres. This phenomenon leads to premature debonding of the ends of the composite and the loss of the shear capacity. To prevent this, designed end-anchorage systems is needed. Therefore, the laboratory tests on reinforced concrete beams strengthened in a shear with PBO-FRCM system were conducted. At this aim tests on three strengthened RC beams with different end-anchorages systems have been preformed and obtained results discussed. The experimental results revealed that the use of FRCM composites increased the shear capacity and construction of end-anchorage of composite had an impact on shear capacity.
Synthesis Route of ZnO Nanostructures in Basic Solution
Authors: Wahyuningsih Sayekti , Ramelan Ari Handono , Chasanah Uswatul , Hidayat Rahmat , Saputri Liya , Munawaroh Hanik
Published: August 2016

ZnO nanostructures were synthesized by simple route method. The starting material of ZnO was prepared from ZnSO4.7H2O. The synthesis of ZnO nanoparticle was conducted by NaOH addition in alcoholic solution. That precursor was refluxed for 2 hours at 60°C until ZnO powder formed. Then the solids obtained were dried following by annealing process at 400, 500, and 600 °C. The XRD analysis confirms the Wurtzite hexagonal crystal structure of the product with crystallite size in 19–25 nm range. The morphology of the nanostructure product has been studied under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) dan transmitance electron microscopy (TEM). Generally, the ZnO nanostructure seem regularly spherical morphology, while the aglomeration were spherical ZnO-capped nanoplate ZnO. Optical properties was studied using ultraviolet visible absorption spectroscopy resulted the ZnO band gap about 3.5 eV.
Relationships for Size and Dispersion of Pores with Mix Factors for Cement Sand Mortar
Authors: Kondraivendhan B.
Published: August 2016

In this study the effect of age, w/c ratio on mean distribution radius and dispersion of pores in Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) sand mortar was determined through Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP) test. For this purpose the cement sand mortar specimens were prepared from two different types of OPC with varied w/c ratios such as 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 and tested at different curing ages from 1 day to 90 days. Separate relationships relating the mix parameters such as w/c ratio and age with mean distribution radius (r0.5) and coefficient (d) representing dispersion of pores, are developed for OPC sand mortars.
Structural Properties of Concrete Containing Ground Waste Clay Brick Powder as Partial Substitute for Cement
Authors: Olofinnade Oluwarotimi Michael , Ede Anthony N. , Ndambuki Julius M. , Bamigboye Gideon
Published: August 2016

With the increasing concerns on the impact of cement production on the environment and the need to protect the environment, the use of mineral additives as cementitious material to partially substitute cement is being considered as an effective option. One of such material is fired clay brick which can be sourced as generated waste from clay brick industry. This has an added advantage of reducing industrial waste and preserving the natural resources. The experimental objective of this study is to examine the possibility of utilizing clay brick waste as partial replacement for Portland cement in concrete. The clay brick was finely ground into powder size, and after grinding, the morphological characterization of the powder materials was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, the chemical composition of the brick material was determined using X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Laboratory tests were carried out to determine the workability, split tensile and compressive strength properties of the concrete with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% partial replacement of cement with ground clay brick (CB). From the test results, the chemical composition of the brick powder meets the standard requirements for pozzolanic material, with the SEM revealing an amorphous solid mass. The workability of the concrete reduces with increase in brick powder content. A significant improvement of the split tensile and compressive strength of the concrete was achieved at 10% cement replacement, after which a decrease in strength with increasing ground clay brick content was recorded. The use of ground clay brick of not more than 15% was recommended for concrete production.
Performance Using Boiler Ash Clinkers as Replacement for Course Aggregates in Concrete
Authors: Vasudevan Gunalaan
Published: August 2016

Palm oil industry in Malaysia has a phenomenon grow in recent years and this caused lots of oil palm waste generated while the boiler ash clinker (BAC) is one of the waste that left over after burning of the oil palm fibers, empty fruit bunch etc. in a boiler which had mean how the boiler ask clinker will come with a huge amount. In this research, the boiler ash clinker will be used in concrete mixing by partially replace the coarse aggregate that used in conventional concrete. The reason is that the coarse aggregate that use in a concrete mix design is normally carry a high percentage compare to other materials. The percentage of substitution is 5%, 10% and 15% of boiler ash clinker in concrete. There are three (3) main objectives to be achieve in this research which are: to determine the physical properties of boiler ash clinkers on concrete, to determine the effect of boiler ash clinkers on concrete and to identify the applicability of concrete from the gradation of substitution of boiler ash clinkers as coarse aggregates in a concrete mix. Next, the compressive strength and workability for the different percentage of substitution of the boiler ash clinker in the concrete mixture will be identify and analyze in this research. At the end of this research, the conclusion will be made based on the three (3) main objectives and recommendation is given.
Research on Physical and Hydration Heat Characteristics of the Multi-Component Cementitious Materials
Authors: Bian Li Bo , Liu Juan Hong , Li Li
Published: August 2016

In order to get the various strength grade of the cement and know the characterics of the hydration heat of multi-component cementitious binders, in this paper, we get the component-cement with low content clinker and high content admixture. The cement properties, the hydration heat properties and the self-construction properties of composite cementitious binders with different rations of the mixture are tested.The results showed that the 56th compressive strength can get 58.4Mpa which is 4.4MPa higher than the traditional cement.The hydration heat of cement with high dosage admixture has a greatly reduction. The heat amount and the hydration release speed are both lower than the tradtional . The value of self-constriction is obviously decreased.
Transient Expression of Transgenic IL-12 in Mouse Liver Triggers Unremitting Inflammation Mimicking Human Autoimmune Hepatitis
Authors: Gil-Farina Irene , Di Scala Marianna , Salido Eduardo , López-Franco Esperanza , Rodríguez-García Estefania , Blasi Mercedes , Merino Juana , Aldabe Rafael , Prieto Jesús , Gonzalez-Aseguinolaza Gloria
Published: August 2016

The etiopathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) remains poorly understood. In this study, we sought to develop an animal model of human AIH to gain insight into the immunological mechanisms driving this condition. C57BL/6 mice were i.v. injected with adeno-associated viral vectors encoding murine IL-12 or luciferase under the control of a liver-specific promoter. Organ histology, response to immunosuppressive therapy, and biochemical and immunological parameters, including Ag-specific humoral and cellular response, were analyzed. Mechanistic studies were carried out using genetically modified mice and depletion of lymphocyte subpopulations. Adeno-associated virus IL-12–treated mice developed histological, biochemical, and immunological changes resembling type 1 AIH, including marked and persistent liver mononuclear cell infiltration, hepatic fibrosis, hypergammaglobulinemia, anti-nuclear and anti–smooth muscle actin Abs, and disease remission with immunosuppressive drugs. Interestingly, transgenic IL-12 was short-lived, but endogenous IL-12 expression was induced, and both IL-12 and IFN-γ remained elevated during the entire study period. IFN-γ was identified as an essential mediator of liver damage, and CD4 and CD8 T cells but not NK, NKT, or B cells were essential executors of hepatic injury. Furthermore, both MHC class I and MHC class II expression was upregulated at the hepatocellular membrane, and induction of autoreactive liver-specific T cells was detected. Remarkably, although immunoregulatory mechanisms were activated, they only partially mitigated liver damage. Thus, low and transient expression of transgenic IL-12 in hepatocytes causes loss of tolerance to hepatocellular Ags, leading to chronic hepatitis resembling human AIH type 1. This model provides a practical tool to explore AIH pathogenesis and novel therapies.
Unsupervised HLA Peptidome Deconvolution Improves Ligand Prediction Accuracy and Predicts Cooperative Effects in Peptide–HLA Interactions
Authors: Bassani-Sternberg Michal , Gfeller David
Published: August 2016

Ag presentation on HLA molecules plays a central role in infectious diseases and tumor immunology. To date, large-scale identification of (neo-)Ags from DNA sequencing data has mainly relied on predictions. In parallel, mass spectrometry analysis of HLA peptidome is increasingly performed to directly detect peptides presented on HLA molecules. In this study, we use a novel unsupervised approach to assign mass spectrometry–based HLA peptidomics data to their cognate HLA molecules. We show that incorporation of deconvoluted HLA peptidomics data in ligand prediction algorithms can improve their accuracy for HLA alleles with few ligands in existing databases. The results of our computational analysis of large datasets of naturally processed HLA peptides, together with experimental validation and protein structure analysis, further reveal how HLA-binding motifs change with peptide length and predict new cooperative effects between distant residues in HLA-B07:02 ligands.
Severe gastrointestinal bleeding due to erlotinib and celecoxib therapy: additional effect?
Authors: Zippi Maddalena , De Quarto Angeloluca , Marzano Chiara , Cassieri Claudio , Crispino Pietro , Traversa Giampiero , Occhigrossi Giuseppe , Gnerre Paola , Terracina David
Published: August 2016

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer related dead worldwide and account for over 85% of all lung cancers. Furthermore, the majority of patients with NSCLC present with advanced, metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. For most patients with non-small cell lung cancer, current treatments do not cure the cancer. Therefore, there is a great need for development of more effective therapies. The epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR TKIs) like erlotinib and gefitinib have been recognized as an important molecular target in cancer therapy and they are approved for the treatment of refractory advanced NSCLC patients. EGFR TKIs are generally well tolerated. The two most common toxicities include dermatologic and gastrointestinal side effects. Cases of gastrointestinal perforation, some of which were fatal, have also been reported in patients receiving erlotinib. Those at increased risk include those taking concomitant anti-angiogenic agents, corticosteroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and/or taxane-based chemotherapy, or who have prior history of peptic ulceration or diverticular disease.