bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Taorong-type Baijiu starter: Analysis of fungal community and metabolic characteristics of middle-temperature Daqu and high-temperature Daqu
Authors: Liu Yanbo , Li Xin , Li Haideng , Zhang Huimin , Shen Xiangkun , Zhang Lixin , Han Suna , Pan Chunmei
Published: October 2022

To study the difference between the fungal community compositional and fragrance components in medium- and high-Temperature Taorong-type Baijiu Daqu. The microbial communities and fragrance components of Taorong-type Baijiu Daqu were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and headspace-solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS–SPME–GC–MS). With an abundance at the phylum and genus levels ≥0.01% as the threshold, 3 phyla, Mucoromycota, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota, were found in both medium- and high-temperature Daqu, but their abundances differed. At the genus level, 15 and 13 genera were recognized. Rhizopus (72.40%) and Thermomyces (53.32%) accounted for the most significant proportions in medium-temperature and high-temperature Daqu, respectively. Medium-temperature Daqu and high-temperature Daqu were found to have 40 and 29 fragrance components, respectively and contained the highest proportions of pyrazines (53.12%) and acids (32.68%). Correlation analyses between microbes and fragrance components showed that Aspergillus, Hyphopichia, Trichosporon, Alternaria were all highly and positively correlated with pyrazines, but the dominant fungal communities were highly correlated with only a few individual acid compounds but not with acid compounds overall. The unique Daqu -making process and environment lead to these differences.
Mathematical measures of societal polarisation
Authors: Adams Johnathan A. , White Gentry , Araujo Robyn P.
Published: October 2022

In opinion dynamics, as in general usage, polarisation is subjective. To understand polarisation, we need to develop more precise methods to measure the agreement in society. This paper presents four mathematical measures of polarisation derived from graph and network representations of societies and information-theoretic divergences or distance metrics. Two of the methods, min-max flow and spectral radius, rely on graph theory and define polarisation in terms of the structural characteristics of networks. The other two methods represent opinions as probability density functions and use the Kullback–Leibler divergence and the Hellinger distance as polarisation measures. We present a series of opinion dynamics simulations from two common models to test the effectiveness of the methods. Results show that the four measures provide insight into the different aspects of polarisation and allow real-time monitoring of social networks for indicators of polarisation. The three measures, the spectral radius, Kullback–Leibler divergence and Hellinger distance, smoothly delineated between different amounts of polarisation, i.e. how many cluster there were in the simulation, while also measuring with more granularity how close simulations were to consensus. Min-max flow failed to accomplish such nuance.
Characterization of preantral follicle clustering and neighborhood patterns in the equine ovary
Authors: Hyde Kendall A. , Aguiar Francisco L. N. , Alvarenga Paula B. , Rezende Amanda L. , Alves Benner G. , Alves Kele A. , Gastal Gustavo D. A. , Gastal Melba O. , Gastal Eduardo L.
Published: October 2022

Understanding the transition from quiescent primordial follicles to activated primary follicles is vital for characterizing ovarian folliculogenesis and improving assisted reproductive techniques. To date, no study has investigated preantral follicle crowding in the ovaries of livestock or characterized these crowds according to follicular morphology and ovarian location (portions and regions) in any species. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the crowding (clustering and neighborhood) patterns of preantral follicles in the equine ovary according to mare age, follicular morphology and developmental stage, and spatial location in the ovary. Ovaries from mares (n = 8) were collected at an abattoir and processed histologically for evaluation of follicular clustering using the Morisita Index and follicular neighborhoods in ovarian sections. Young mares were found to have a large number of preantral follicles with neighbors (n = 2,626), while old mares had a small number (n = 305). Moreover, young mares had a higher number of neighbors per follicle (2.6 ± 0.0) than old mares (1.2 ± 0.1). Follicle clustering was shown to be present in all areas of the ovary, with young mares having more clustering overall than old mares and a tendency for higher clustering in the ventral region when ages were combined. Furthermore, follicles with neighbors were more likely to be morphologically normal (76.5 ± 6.5%) than abnormal (23.5 ± 6.5%). Additionally, morphologically normal activated follicles had increased odds of having neighbors than normal resting follicles, and these normal activated follicles had more neighbors (2.6 ± 0.1) than normal resting follicles (2.3 ± 0.1 neighbors). In the present study, it was demonstrated that preantral follicles do crowd in the mare ovary and that clustering/neighborhood patterns are dynamic and differ depending on mare age, follicular morphology, and follicular developmental stage.
Direct and indirect nutritional factors that determine reproductive performance of heifer and primiparous cows
Authors: Eloy Lidiane R. , Bremm Carolina , Lobato José F. P. , Pötter Luciana , Laca Emilio A.
Published: October 2022

Pregnancy rate is a major determinant of population dynamics of wild ungulates and of productivity of livestock systems. Allocation of feeding resources, including stocking rates, prior to and during the breeding season is a crucial determinant of this vital rate. Thus, quantification of effects and interaction among multiple factors that affect pregnancy rate is essential for management and conservation of pasture-based systems. Pregnancy rate of 2982 heifers and primiparous cows was studied as a function of animal category, average daily gain during the breeding season, stocking rate, pasture type and body weight at the beginning of the breeding season. Data were obtained from 43 experiments conducted in commercial ranches and research stations in the Pampas region between 1976 and 2015. Stocking rate ranged from 200 to 464 kg live weight ha-1, which brackets values for most of the grazinglands in similar regions. Age at breeding was 14–36 months (24.6±7.5 months); initial breeding weights were 129–506 kg and 194–570 kg for heifers and primiparous cows. Pregnancy rate was modeled with an apriori set of explanatory variables where proximate variables (breed, body weight at start of breeding, weight gain during breeding and category) were included first and subsequently modeled as functions of other variables (pasture type, supplementation and stocking rate). This modeling approach allowed detection of direct and indirect effects (through nutrition and body weight) of factors that affect pregnancy rate. Bos taurus breeds (N = 1058) had higher pregnancy rate than B. Taurus x B. indicus crossbreed (N = 1924) females. Pregnancy rate of heifers and primiparous cows grazing in natural grasslands decreased with increasing stocking rate, but no effect of stocking rate was detected in cultivated and improved pastures. Pregnancy rate increased with increasing average daily gain during the breeding season. Use of cultivated or improved natural pastures promotes higher pregnancy rate, as well as allows an increase in stocking rate at the regional level. Body weight at the start of the breeding season is the primary determinant of pregnancy rates in heifer and primiparous cows.
Proyecto lázaro (2016): de la criopreservación celular a humana. Mito y realidad para la formación docente en el área de ciencias de la salud
Authors: Suleiman-Martos Nora , García-Lara Rubén , Narbona-Sánchez Isaac , Domínguez-Vías Germán
Published: October 2022

Existe un creciente pensamiento de postergar el avance de una enfermedad terminal mediante la criopreservación de los cuerpos de los pacientes. Ante el miedo a morir de enfermedades se confían que en el futuro podrán ser reanimados y tratados con novedosas terapias que le supondrán la cura y eliminación de la patología. Aunque parezca ciencia ficción la realidad es que ya se está realizando con organismos celulares para la conservación de especies y ante enfermedades que alteran la reproducción. Sin embargo, cuando se trata de embriones los comités éticos no tienen todavía una estrategia definida. Por esa razón, este trabajo intenta enfocar una interrelación entre profesorado y alumnado para la discusión y reflexión de la criopreservación de pacientes, mostrando los últimos avances e informes sobre este aspecto.
Translator (2018): Mental Illness and Adjustment Disorder
Authors: Cândido Moura Willian Henrique , Reberte Cunha Rossi Maykon Luiz
Published: October 2022

Medicina en Fotogramas. A Translator (2018): Mental Illness and Adjustment Disorder
A Study on the Differences between Indoor Job and Outside Job on the Factors of Health Disability in Fire Officials
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Yim Dong Kyun , Song Yong Sun
Published: October 2022

This study aims to examine the regional differences in health disorder factors of fire officials across the country. As a result, the regional differences in job risk factors, risk factors in the field, and risk factors for health disorders were found to be insignificant. In urban areas such as Seoul, Incheon, and Daejeon, the perception of health disorder factors was similar. This is because the risk factors recognized by fire suppression agents, rescue workers, and paramedics are similar. In addition, in the difference of field risk factors, it is judged that the difference of region is insignificant because most urban areas have narrow jurisdiction and high population density, and the accident frequency in narrow areas is relatively high. Finally, the difference in the risk factors of health disorder was found to be insignificant due to the similar risk factors of fire officials' exposure to fire fighting activities due to smoke in the field, harmful gas, lack of sleep, and cerebral cardiovascular diseases caused by job stress.
A Exploratory Analysis on the Concept and Issue of 'Regulatory Void': Focusing on the Drone Sector
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Choi Jong Min , Hwang Hui Young
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the current situation of regulatory void and related major issues. For this purpose, this study scrutinizes the actual situation of regulatory void in the drone industry by using legal analysis and literature research methods. The results are as follows: First, compared to the technology development of drones, the issue of regulatory void in the commercial use was found to be more prominent. Compared to the past, as the weight and control qualifications of drones were eased, the technology development of drones has been further promoted. On the other hand, in commercial use of drones such as drone taxis, leisure drones, and drone delivery services, there are many issues to be solved along with the various legal absence. Second, it was found that the regulatory void of drones requires revision of various laws. There was a gap in regulations related to actual commercial applications. The results of this study suggest that new standards need to be established to meet the growing demand in the drone industry.
BOUNDED RATIONALITY AS THE BASIS OF THE ECONOMY

BEHAVIORAL
Authors: Rayo Quesada Manuel
Published: October 2022

Behavioral economics is a fairly new field within science economics, which attempts toexplain human behavior from the point of view of social preferences and heuristics. He baseshis study on the processes of taking of decision by an individual, but unlike the model ofhomo oeconomicus (an expression formulated by John Stuart Mill in the mid-19th centuryas a useful idealization for the economic discipline) starts from a conception of rationalitylimited individual (fallible and biased decisions). Advances in this discipline. They areessentially nourished by field work and experiments in laboratories, as well as well as theadvances of other sister disciplines such as psychology, neuroscience, cognitive science,etc. Behavioral and experimental economics were Nobel laureates in economics in 2002awarded ex aequo to Daniel Kahneman and to Vernon Smith. Smith's experiments havefocused on the recreation of artificial markets with the participation of studentsdemonstrating that prices in these fictitious markets converge towards equilibrium. Theseexperiments focus currently on phenomena of collective irrationality, such as the formationof bubbles. Kahneman has focused his studies on these phenomena, developing, togetherwith Amos Tversky the prospect theory, where the decision framework exerts an impact onthe assessment of potential gains and losses.
Notas para una aproximacin al punk espaol y sus contextos
Authors: Pavez Fabián , Marset Pedro
Published: October 2022

El presente artículo esboza algunos aspectos relevantes del punk español y sus contextos y provee referencias para un estudio en profundidad.
‘Keen to Foul Their Own Nests’: Contemporary and Historical Criticism of the Permanent Joint Board on Defence of 1940
Authors: Perras Galen Roger
Published: October 2022

On 17 August 1940, President Franklin Roosevelt met with Canada’s Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King in the town of Ogdensburg, which lies just across the Canadian border in upstate New York. There the two leaders agreed on the formation of the Permanent Joint Board on Defence (PJBD) to advise on policies for the defence and security of the North American continent. The PJBD was commended on all sides, in public at least, not only in the United States and Canada but also in Britain, where the new prime minister, Winston Churchill, speaking in the House of Commons on 20 August, compared the trend towards growing cooperation between the British Empire and the United States to the relentless flow of the Mississippi river. He also referred approvingly to the Permanent Joint Board in his post-war Fulton speech, delivered on 5 March 1946, as an important element in the ‘special relationship’ between the British Empire and the United States. Later commentators, including John Bartlet Brebner, have also seen the Joint Board as a significant part of the ‘North Atlantic Triangle’. However, as this article shows, the PJBD has also attracted plenty of criticism – both contemporary and historical.
Greenland (1940) as an Instance of Pickwickian ‘Cooperation’ Between King’s Ottawa and Roosevelt’s Washington
Authors: Haglund David G.
Published: October 2022

The German invasion of Norway and Denmark in April 1940, which is usually regarded as marking the end of the so-called Phoney War between Germany and the Allies, also led to a short-lived diplomatic stand-off between the United States and Canada. The tension stemmed primarily from misapprehensions in both North American countries over what should be done about Greenland, the Danish colony whose political and legal status had suddenly been placed in question by the German move. It soon subsided, but in the process it resulted in a pronounced overreaction by some on the US side of the dispute. The quarrel largely took place behind the scenes and has attracted relatively little attention from historians. In fact, although the US government mostly got its way at the expense of Canada, the Greenland episode was presented by Prime Minister Mackenzie King as an instance of diplomatic cooperation to the benefit of both countries – a view that has been repeated by later commentators. If the episode really did represent an instance of close cooperation between Canada and the United States, then it was only in a Pickwickian sense, that is, one in which the reality of the situation was very different from the roseate view offered by its apologists.
Mackenzie King and the St Pierre and Miquelon Crisis of 1941
Authors: Woolner David
Published: October 2022

The St Pierre and Miquelon affair is perhaps the classic example of a Canadian phenomenon whereby the net effect of the country’s unusual domestic and international position serves to paralyse Canadian policy. For nearly two years the Canadian military pushed the government to do something about the islands, and for two years the Cabinet – caught between the demands of the British and the Americans, and always concerned about the potential domestic repercussions of any move that involved France – refused to act. And so it did nothing – nothing, that is, until the Cabinet arrived at a tentative plan (initially suggested by the Americans) for the takeover of the radio station on St Pierre. But the plan, in the end, was too heavy-handed for the Americans and too weak for the British, so the Cabinet drew back again to consider the merits of its proposal, unable to take action against two minute and undefended islands just miles from Canada’s shore, held by a potentially hostile power in the middle of a world war.
Pathomorphological and pathochemical characteristic of the osteomyelitis focus in patients with diabetic osteoarthropathy (Charcot foot)
Authors: Sudnitsyn A. S. , Stupina T. A. , Varsegova T. N. , Stogov M. V. , Kireeva E. A. , Mezentsev I. N.
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: Osteomyelitis in diabetic osteoarthropathy occurs in 65 % of cases, and it is the main cause of non-traumatic amputations. The choice of optimal treatment technologies should be based on understanding the pathogenetic characteristics of this disease.

AIM: To study the pathomorphological and pathochemical picture of osteomyelitic focus in patients with diabetic neuroosteoarthropathy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Object — 20 patients (55.3±9.33 years) with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, diabetic neuroosteoarthropathy, chronic osteomyelitis of the foot bones. The treatment consisted in surgical debridement of the purulent focus with the material collection for pathomorphological and biochemical studies, and in reposition and alignment of bone fragments with the leg and foot fixation using the Ilizarov fixator in order to form bone ankylosis of the compromised joint.

RESULTS: Subacute and acute course of chronic osteomyelitis was registered in 80 % of cases. As for the pathohistological changes in bone tissue, the following ones were the most significant: necrosis and the presence of an inflammatory infiltrate of varying severity depending on the phase of the inflammatory process. The articular cartilage structure was broken in all the cases. Activation of osteoclasts was observed in the osteomyelitis focus, especially in the subchondral zone. There was no subchondral bone plate in most cases, or only its fragments remained. Pathohistological examination of the soft tissues associated with the osteomyelitis focus indicated the presence of mirocirculatory and denervation disorders due to necrosis and hyalinosis of a significant part of microvessels against the background of compensatory hypervascularisation and chronic inflammation, narrowing and obliteration of the lumens of feeding arteries, almost complete absence of nerve elements in the tissues or their destructive changes. An increase in the activity of lytic enzymes was revealed in the interstitial environment of the tissues surrounding the osteomyelitis focus (138-fold increase in the activity of acid phosphatase, interstitial osteolytic index was 7.2-fold higher than blood serum index).

CONCLUSION: The pathomorphological signs of chronic osteomyelitis subacute and acute processing were observed in most patients. Breaking the articular cartilage structure was accompanied by invasion of vessels, inflammatory infiltrate, and by activation of osteoclasts in the subchondral zone. Destructive changes of vessels and nerves in the soft tissues associated with the osteomyelitis focus can be etiopathogenetic factors of this disease development. The technologies for stopping this process should be based on obligatory debridement of the focus with sequestrnecrectomy, with regular monitoring of the operated segment condition.
Structure of mortality among patients with diabetes mellitus in the republic of Uzbekistan during COVID-19 pandemia
Authors: Khaydarova F. A. , Alieva A. V. , Berdikulova D. M. , Alimova N. U. , Khalilova D. Z. , Tojieva I. M.
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused enormous damage to all countries of the world. Patients with diabetes mellitus are a separate risk group for the consequences of COVID-19, both in the acute and in the long-term period.

AIM. To study change in the structure of mortality among patients with diabetes in the Republic of Uzbekistan during the COVID-19 pandemic.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. We analyzed the data of the report forms of endocrinological dispensaries for reasons of deaths registered among patients with 2 diabetes mellitus in 2020 and compared these indicators with the data of 2019.

RESULTS. In 2020, mortality among patients with diabetes increased 1.5 times compared to 2019 and was 4.3% (compared to 2.8% in 2019). Among the causes of deaths, cardiovascular accidents prevailed: 57,9% in 2020 (48,0% in 2019), cerebrovascular accidents (15,6% in 2020 and 24,2% in 2019), chronic kidney disease (12,0% and 15,1%), gangrene, sepsis (1,2% and 1,8%), the frequency of hyper- and hypoglycemic comas as causes of death was 0.6% both in 2019 and in 2020, however, the absolute number increased in 2020. Among the «other» causes of death (12.8% in 2020 and 10,2% in 2019), COVID-19 itself was 52,3%, pneumonia 17,2%, pulmonary embolism 1%, oncological diseases 12%, liver cirrhosis 12%.

CONCLUSIONS. Despite the fact that COVID-19 caused deaths in 6.7% of patients with diabetes, the COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant increase in mortality — 1.5 times — among patients with diabetes, mainly due to acute cardiovascular accidents, stroke, as well as accelerating the progression of chronic complications of diabetes, in particular chronic kidney disease.
Regeneration of β-cells of the islet apparatus of the pancreas. Literature review
Authors: Pylaev T. E. , Smyshlyaeva I. V. , Popyhova E. B.
Published: October 2022

Diabetes of both type 1 and type 2 is characterized by a progressive loss of β-cell mass, which contributes to the disruption of glucose homeostasis. The optimal antidiabetic therapy would be simple replacement of lost cells, but at present, many researchers have shown that the pancreas (PZ) of adults has a limited regenerative potential. In this regard, significant efforts of researchers are directed to methods of inducing the proliferation of β-cells, stimulating the formation of β-cells from alternative endogenous sources and/or the generation of β-cells from pluripotent stem cells. Factors that regulate β-cell regeneration under physiological or pathological conditions, such as mediators, transcription factors, signaling pathways and potential pharmaceuticals, are also being intensively studied. In this review, we consider recent scientific studies carried out in the field of studying the development and regeneration of insulin-producing cells obtained from exogenous and endogenous sources and their use in the treatment of diabetes. The literature search while writing this review was carried out using the databases of the RSIC, CyberLeninka, Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, PubMed for the period from 2005 to 2021. using the following keywords: diabetes mellitus, pancreas, regeneration, β-cells, stem cells, diabetes therapy.
Factors associated with high glucose variability in patients with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Klimontov V. V. , Semenova Ju. F. , Korbut A. I.
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: High glucose variability (GV) is recognized as a risk factor for vascular diabetic complications and hypoglycemia. Factors affecting GV in patients with diabetes needed to be clarified.

AIM: To determine the factors associated with high GV in adult patients with type 1 diabetes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a single center cross-sectional observational study. In-patients with type 1 diabetes aged 18 to 65 years on basal bolus insulin therapy were included. Day-time and nocturnal Coefficient of Variation (CV), Mean Amplitude of Glycemic Excursions (MAGE), Mean Absolute Glucose (MAG) were calculated from continuous glucose monitoring data. The values of CV, MAGE, MAG within the upper quartile were considered high.

RESULTS: The study included 400 individuals, including 111 on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). Patients with high GV had lower fasting and postprandial C-peptide levels and higher insulin doses. According to ROC analysis, daily insulin dose >0.69 U/kg and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥90.5 ml/min×1.73 m2 were associated with high nocturnal CV values. Dose of basal insulin >0.292 U/kg and bolus insulin >0.325 U/day were associated with nocturnal MAGE. Body mass index (BMI) ≤23.2 kg/m2, waist circumference ≤80.5 cm, daily insulin dose ≥0.69 U/kg, HbA1c ≥8.3%, eGFR ≥89.5 ml/ min×1.73m2 increased risk of high MAG at night. High day-time CV values were associated with daily insulin dose ≥0.675 U/kg and daily dose of BI ≥0.286 U/kg. The risk of high MAGE was increased with HbA1c ≥8.24% and basal insulin dose ≥0.286 U/kg. BMI ≤23.2 kg/m2, waist circumference ≤80.5 cm, daily insulin dose ≥0.69 U/kg, daily dose of bolus and basal insulin ≥0.325 and ≥0.29 U/kg respectively, and HbA1c ≥8.33% were the risk factors for high day-time MAG. Patients on CSII had lower MAGE (p<0.001) and MAG (p=0.008) compared to those on multiple daily injections.

CONCLUSION: In type 1 diabetes, high GV is associated with undetectable residual insulin secretion, normal or reduced body weight, preserved kidney function, supraphysiological doses of insulin, and non-target HbA1c. Patients on CSII have a lower GV than those on multiple daily injections.
Feсal microbiota transplantation in the format of complex therapy in obesive siblings: clinical case
Authors: Pokrovskaya E. V. , Zhgun E. S. , Shestakova E. A. , Sklyanik I. A. , Fedushkina I. V. , Olekhnovich E. I. , Konanov D. N. , Kardonsky D. A. , Kislun Yu. V. , Sorokina E. A. , Zilberman L. I. , Zaytseva N. V. , Ilina E. N. , Govorun V. M. , Shestakova M. V.
Published: October 2022

Obesity and associated metabolic diseases are often accompanied by changes in the gut microbiota leading to metagenome gene diversity decrease. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is one of the most effective methods for correcting the  intestinal microflora. FMT obtained from healthy donors has been proven to be an effective treatment of infections caused by Clostridium difficile. The use of FMT for correction of metabolic disorders is promising, however, data on its application is limited and has contradictory results. In our work, two patients (siblings) presented with obesity grade II and various types of diabetes mellitus (DM): the older brother (44 years old) with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM 2), a younger brother (39 years old) with diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM 1). Both patients underwent FMT as part of complex antidiabetic therapy. During the course of treatment, a decrease in body weight was noted in both patients (4–5 kg for the first month of observation, then -1–2 kg per month). One year after FMT, a patient with type 2 diabetes showed a decrease in the severity of insulin resistance (IR), measured by the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp test (initial M-index 2.42 mg/kg*min, after 1 year — 3.83 mg/kg* min) as well as the maintenance of satisfactory carbohydrate metabolism compensation against the diminishing the hypoglycemic therapy. In a patient with DM 1, no significant dynamics of carbohydrate exchange indices, including detected glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin dose and IR were during the observation period. Metagenomic sequencing of stool samples (n = 20) collected from both patients before and within 1 year after FMT showed no significant changes in the taxonomic profile of the microbiota at the level of microbial families. Metabolomic analysis of the composition of feces showed no directed changes in the composition of metabolites after the FMT procedure, the nature of changes within the samples from each patient during the entire study period was random. Thus, FMT had no effect on the course of DM1, but served as a starting point for weight loss and improvement glucose profile in DM2. However, convincing data confirming a causal correlation between FMT and improvement in the course of T2DM have not been obtained.
The clinical aspects ot the sulphonylurea compounds from the position of the cardioprotective approach at patient with type 2 diabetes, using glucocardiomonitoring
Authors: Chernikova N. A. , Kamynina L. L. , Аmetov A. S. , Sychov D. A.
Published: October 2022

BACKGRAUND: Now the trend of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) management from glucocentric to cardioprotective approach take place, and it especially relevant for the multiple group of patients with T2DM using Sulphonylurea (SU). Meanwhile the synchronized glucocardiomonitoring allowed to providing the accurate information about the cardiometabolic status of patients with T2DM.

AIMS: Using the professional glucocardiomonitoring for T2DM-SU patients to investigate the relation between the glycemic variability, integral glycemic parameters and proarrhythmogenic cardiovascular events and the long-term cardiovascular outcomes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the observational (randomised for inclusion of patients) controlled trial the SU-patients with the T2DM duration 9,8±6,6 years were included, whom the professional glucocardiomonitoring had been made during 5 days and then the fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events had been investigated during 5 years.

 RESULTS: From 283 patients with T2DM 154 patients (the basic group) used gliclazide (original drug Diabeton MB), 129 patients (the control group) used glibenclamide. The relation between the rising of the glycemic variability and cardiovascular events (the prolongation QT interval, the ST depression (dST), ventricular arrhythmias (VAs)) were demonstrated. At the basic and the control groups the coefficient of variation (CV) was 23,0±8,1 and 30,1±10,7% respectively (p<0,001), TIR-HYPO — 0,8±2,4 and 3,5±5,4% (p<0,001), the number of glycemia differences > 4 mmol/L/hr — 2,3±3,6 and 3,5±4,3 (p=0,010), the minimal glycemia level — 4,6±1,0 and 3,9±1,4 mmol/L (p=0,001). The followed differences of cardiovascular parameters were determined: QTc — 412±24 and 423±28 ms (p=0,001), dST — 0,052 [0; 0,275] and 0,109 [0; 0,422] (ratio, p=0,012), VAs — 2,2 [0; 5,9] and 3,5 [0; 8,3] (cases/pts, p=0,008). The long-term cardiovascular outcomes from the gliclazide and glibenclamide therapy (cases/100 pts-years): the total and cardiovascular death — 0,12 [0; 1,74] and 0,76 [0; 4,62] (p=0,062), cardiovascular death -0,12 [0; 1,74] and 0,62 [0; 4,08] (p=0,122), myocardial infarction — 1,56 [0; 6,94] and 2,00 [0; 8,02] (p=0,193), stroke — 0,78 [0; 4,66] and 0,76 [0; 4,62] (p=0,169), chronic heart failure — 0,52 [0; 3,72] and 1,24 [0; 6,06] (p=0,095), MACE — 2,46 [0; 10,1] и 2,62 [0; 9,38] (p=0,095), severe hypoglycemia at home — 2,46 [0; 9,12] и 7,24 [0; 16,68] (p<0,001).

CONCLUSIONS: It was demonstrated that the gliclazide (original drug Diabeton MB) administration is characterized with the better quality of glycemia control, the lower glycemic variability, the lower frequency of the SU-associated hypoglycemia, dST, VAs, the lower prolongation QTc interval. The implementation of the synchronized glucocardiomonitoring is necessary for minimization of the cardiovascular T2DM-complications and for the choice of the personalized
The incidence and aggravating factors of male hypogonadism in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Rozhivanov R. V. , Chernova M. O. , Mel’nichenko G. A. , Shestakova M. V. , Mokrysheva N. G.
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: Male hypogonadism is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), therefore, it is of interest to study its frequency. The clinical symptoms of hypogonadism are not specific, and laboratory diagnostics is the basis for its detection. The optimal method for this diagnostics is isotope dilution liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, which was used in our study.

 AIMS: Assessment of the incidence and aggravating factors of male hypogonadism in type 2 diabetes

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A full-design, cross-sectional, screening, single-center, non-interventional study included men with T2DM, who were he was treated in Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow. The study was conducted from October 2021 to January 2022. Medical history assessment, physical examination with determination of body mass index (BMI), measurement estimation of total testosterone by isotope dilution liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profiles were performed. The groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test for quantitative indicators and χ² with Yates’ correction for qualitative ones. Differences were considered statistically significant with p0,05.

RESULTS: Hypogonadism was detected in 355 (70.3%) men with T2DM. Patients with hypogonadism had statistically significantly higher BMI, worse glycemic control, lower HDL levels, and higher triglycerides than eugonadal men. An additional comparative analysis among non-obese individuals showed the presence of statistically significant differences in the level of HbA1c (higher in hypogonadal men) and HDL (lower in hypogonadal men). An analysis of hypogonadal patients depending on the presence of obesity showed statistically significant differences between groups in the level of total testosterone (lower in obese men) and triglycerides (higher in obese men).

CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of male hypogonadism in type 2 diabetes was 70,3%. Its development was associated with obesity and poor glycemic control.
Prevalence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis therapy
Authors: Markova T. N. , Yavorskaya V. O.
Published: October 2022

There are quite a lot of scientific works today dedicated to the role of disorders carbohydrate metabolism (DCM) in the development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), at the same time, the influence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on the development of carbohydrate disorders remains insufficiently studied, especially in patients on renal replacement therapy (RRT). The annual steady increase in the number of patients with ESRD without diabetes mellitus (DM) requiring dialysis therapy leads to increased interest and the need to study carbohydrate status in these patients. It is known that hyperglycemia in patients without DM on hemodialysis (HD) is a predisposing factor to the development of cardiovascular accidents that worsen the quality of life and also increase mortality. The peculiarities of glucose metabolism in patients receiving RRT do not always allow adequate assessment of carbohydrate status using glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The review provides up-to-date information on the prevalence of DCM in patients with ESRD without DM receiving HD RRT, touches upon the peculiarities of glucose metabolism, interpretation of HbA1c and glycated albumin values, and mortality risk in hemodialysis patients with various DCM.
Rol del resentimiento en la reconciliación social: víctimas movilizadas en Colombia (2021)
Authors:   Departamento de Ciencia Política y Relaciones Internacionales, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia, Rico Revelo Diana , Cristancho Garrido Hellen ,   Departamento de Historia y Geografía, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia, de la Cruz Barrios Andrea ,   Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia
Published: October 2022

Introducción: diez años después de la implementación de la Ley 1448 de 2011 para la reparación integral de las víctimas en Colombia desarrollamos una investigación cuantitativa no experimental para explorar la interacción entre sentimientos hacia la reconciliación (coexistencia y reconstrucción de la confianza) y resentimiento duradero en víctimas del conflicto movilizadas colectivamente en escenarios de justicia transicional. Método: utilizamos datos de dos muestras de participantes de los departamentos de Caldas (N = 342) y Atlántico (N = 305). Resultados: confirmamos las escalas sobre sentimientos hacia la reconciliación y resentimiento duradero, cuya fiabilidad fue analizada mediante los coeficientes alfa de Cronbach y omega. Posteriormente, realizamos un análisis de ecuación estructural y confirmamos las siguientes hipótesis: (1) las víctimas experimentan más sentimientos de coexistencia que sentimientos para la reconstrucción de confianza, y (2) el resentimiento duradero es un obstáculo para desarrollar sentimientos de reconciliación. Conclusiones: los participantes experimentan más sentimientos de coexistencia y confianza que resentimiento duradero; y la coexistencia permite canalizar el resentimiento duradero. Estos hallazgos tienen implicaciones considerables en el desarrollo de sentimientos hacia la reconciliación en escenarios de justicia transicional.
Sleep quality and body composition in a nursing team
Authors: De Moraes Coelho Vivian , De Oliveira Sinhoroto Camila , Magnabosco Patrícia , Nasser Figueiredo Valéria , Pereira de Almeida Neto Omar
Published: October 2022

Recent studies have shown that nursing professionals have affected sleep quality, yet no relation between sleep quality and body composition has been established.  The present study investigated the relation between body composition and sleep quality in nursing professionals.  It was a transversal, quantitative, descriptive, and analytical study.  Nursing workers from HC-UFU were randomly selected to participate in this study.  Interviews were done with validated questionnaire to evaluate sleep quality of the professionals, and a bioimpedance exam was done with a tetrapolar device.  Two hundred forty-three professionals of the nursing team participated in the survey, mostly females (n=205; 84.4%), nursing technicians (53.1%).  Average abdominal circumference was 91.97±13.83 cm, body fat was 31.668.24% or 24.0711.50 kg.  The body mass index (BMI) was 27.094.63.  Most participants evaluated sleep quality as bad (n=99; 40.7%) and “Sleep Latency” between 31 and 60 minutes (n=74; 30.5%) in the dominion “Subjective Sleep Quality”.  Correlations were observed between: percentage of body water X Sleep Duration Dominion (r=-0.135; p<0.05); water resistance in the body X Dominion Sleep Efficacy (r=0.149; p<0.05); percentage of body fat X “Disfunction During the Day” (r=0.233; p<0.01); fat mass (kg) and fat percentages X “Sleep disturbance”(r=0.148; r=0.177; r=0.182; p<0.01) respectively; BMI X “Sleep Disturbance”, (r=0.146; p<0.05) as well as percentage of lean mass and body water X “Sleep Disturbance” (r=-0.244; r=0.247; p<0.01).  This is the first study comparing sleep quality with body composition data in a nursing team.  It became clear that more studies should be done to obtain greater knowledge about the health profile of nursing teams and, therefore, establish better plans and solutions for the group studied.
(Des)caminhos dos conflitos socioterritorias na Amazônia oriental
Authors: Silva João Marcio Palheta da , Oliveira Neto Adolfo da Costa
Published: October 2022

O presente ensaio é parte do projeto de pesquisa financiado pelo CNPq “Impactos Socioterritoriais dos Grandes Empreendimentos na Amazônia Oriental Brasileira”, cujo objetivo é de debater os impactos territoriais dos grandes empreendimentos de atividade mineral e suas interferências na aceleração dos conflitos em suas áreas de influência direta e indireta, após o ano de 2015. Para subsidiar nossa análise, foram utilizados dados da ANM, do IPEA, do DNPM, do IBRAM, do IBGE, da Rede Justiça nos Trilhos, do MAM, além de dados oficiais das prefeituras e de outros órgãos do governo federal e de trabalho de campo, realizado para o reconhecimento da área de estudo nos municípios de Parauapebas e Canaã dos Carajás, no estado do Pará, e de Açailândia, no estado do Maranhão, no ano de 2021. As análises sobre os impactos socioespaciais e sobre os conflitos socioeconômicos das atividades de mineração na Amazônia Oriental foram realizadas, através da representação cartográfica. Analisamos os conflitos territoriais causados (in)diretamente pelos grandes empreendimentos e as dinâmicas econômicas na integração dos territórios da mineração à economia internacional, bem como o seu papel no desenvolvimento regional da Amazônia Oriental brasileira, a partir da logística regional de transporte de escoamento da produção nos corredores das estradas de ferro Carajás (EFC) e Ferro Norte Sul (EF-151), na fronteira entre os estados do Pará e do Maranhão, que continuou, mesmo no período do Coronavírus.
Questão de Gênero
Authors: Welter Taborda Noeli , Soeiro Mendonça Carlos Magno
Published: October 2022

O presente texto teve como objetivo identificar como as mulheres e as LGBTs do campo, em sua diversidade, realizaram ações de enfrentamento a COVID-19, tendo como principais fundamentos o feminismo camponês popular e as relações de gênero, reinventando suas formas de luta. Os procedimentos metodológicos estão fundamentados na pesquisa militante, que orienta para uma ação transformadora, articulando ativamente pesquisadoras (es) e movimentos sociais. Dentre os principais resultados e reflexões, os debates partem da concepção de uma sociedade capitalista, patriarcal, racista, xenofóbica e LGBTfóbica. As ações de luta e resistência, se efetivaram nas campanhas de solidariedade, denúncias das ações negacionistas e genocidas do Governo Federal. A luta pelos PLs 735/2020 e 823/2021, as jornadas nacionais e internacionais, a defesa do SUS, o plantio de árvores, a forma de se reorganizar e a reinvenção no uso das redes sociais para se manter conectadas.
Marx and Engels and Russia's Peasant Communes
Authors: Angus Ian
Published: October 2022

In the past and in his own time, Marx has been portrayed as endorsing the enclosure of the commons as a necessary historical stage on the path to socialism. However, a more accurate account, one that is critical of the enclosure movement, can be found in his response to the destruction of commons-based peasant communities in Russia—while it was actually happening.
Altisländisch vatr neben vatn, färöisch vatur neben vatn ‚Wasser‘
Authors: Nedoma Robert
Published: October 2022

In the PIE heteroclitic neuter noun *u̯ód-r̥, gen. **u̯éd-n̥-s ‚water‘, the Germanic languages eliminated the alternation in favour of either r- or n-stem variants (cp. OHG waz(z)ar vs. Goth. wato). Little attention has been paid to a doublet in West Norse that resulted from a paradigm split. Instead of regular vatn two (or three) eleventh- and twelfth-century Icelandic skalds used exceptional vatr that appears neither in the standard dictionary of OWN poetry nor in older text editions, which are rich in conjectures. Additional lexical evidence, namely vatur, is found in a Faeroese ballad from the late 1700s. OWN vatr (< PNorse *watra < PGmc. *watran) seems to be a back formation from nom./acc. pl. vǫtr* < PNorse *watru < PGmc. *watrō parallel to PGmc. *watnō that was formed with the zero grade of the suffix taken from PGmc. *wat-n-õn gen. pl. (and presumably levelled *wat-n-amᵃ/ᵢz).
Alternative etymologies for two British Celtic verbal forms
Authors: Bauer Bernhard
Published: October 2022

This paper addresses the issues arising from the unexpected /x/ in the two British Celtic verbal forms: MW techaf ‘to retreat, flee’, MBret. techet ‘to flee’, and OW diguormechis ‘which he added’, OBret. degurmehim ‘adding/addition’. As will be shown in the discussion below, there is no need for assuming influence from the s-subjunctive nor the existence of an otherwise unattested secondary verb. It is argued here that the forms are intra-Celtic borrowings from Irish.
Luwian Tarhunaza-, Cilician Τροκοναζας, Τρικοναζας
Authors: Adiego Ignasi-Xavier
Published: October 2022

In this article the Luwian name Tarhunaza- and the Luwic names Τροκοναζας, Τρικοναζας attested in Cilicia are analyzed as imperative Satznamen containing a vocative form Tarhun- followed by the imperative of the verb aza- ‘to love’. This analysis leads to the reinterpretation of other Luwic names as possible Satznamen containing divine invocations.
Hermes Ἀργεϊφόντης and Agni bhā́r̥jīka
Authors: Massetti Laura
Published: October 2022

The paper concerns Ἀργεϊφόντης, an epithet of Hermes in Greek hexameter poetry. I propose that the form is ultimately to be interpreted as a Kunstform, i.e. a metrical adaptation of *ἀργεϊφάων, the univerbation of *ἄργεϊ φάων ‘shining in white (light)’, as first proposed by Koller (1976). Furthermore, I identify Vedic bhā́r̥jīka‑ (RV), an epithet of Agni, as a phraseological match for the Greek appellative. I argue that bhā́r̥jīka‑ may be understood as ‘flashing with white appearance’ or ‘whose white appearance is shining.’ Moreover, the compound is built with the same lexical material as Greek ἀργεϊφόντης: IE *bʰeh₂‑ ‘to shine, become visible’ and IE *h₂erǵ‑ ‘white.’
Une innovation divine
Authors: Alonso Déniz Alcorac
Published: October 2022

The oaths mentioned in half-dozen Hellenistic treaties of Doric cities (Messene, Rhodes, Cos, Eleutherna and Lyttos) attest to Ποτειδᾶ or Ποσειδᾶ, accusative of Doric Ποτειδάν/Ποσειδάν = Attic Ποσειδῶν. In an oath of the Megarian peddler in Aristophanes’ Acharnians (line 798), some manuscripts also exhibit Ποτειδᾶ or Ποτῑδᾶ. The accusative ending -ᾶ cannot be accounted for either as the remains of a supposed non-thematic inflection of Poseidon’s name nor as a hyper-dialectalism. Instead, Ποτειδᾶ and Ποσειδᾶ share a common origin with the so-called “apocopated” accusatives Ποσειδῶ and Ἀπέλλω / Ἀπόλλω. Dismissing the hypothesis that comparatives had shaped the accusative of the two theonyms, this paper suggests that the innovation was triggered by the co-occurrence of ἥρωα and ἥρωνα, which belonged in two secondary inflections of ἥρως, an old stem in ‑ou̯‑.
A note on Greek ἰκμάς
Authors: Rovs Kristoffersen Tore
Published: October 2022

The Greek word ἰκμάς ‘moisture’ and its derivatives reflect a PIE root usually reconstructed as either *sei̯kʷ‑ or *sei̯k‑. After a survey of the comparanda, it is concluded that only the Greek form points to *sei̯k-, while reflexes in other branches, particularly Germanic, explicitly require *sei̯kʷ‑. A solution to this problem is then suggested in the form of a new Greek sound law *Kʷm > Km. The traditional view, which treats the development of *Kʷm as identical to that of *Pm, is shown to be untenable: forms such as ὄμμα ‘eye’ (Transponat *h₃okʷ‑mn̥) do not reflect inherited formations, but are rather to be understood as created within Greek after the general post-Mycenaean development *Kʷ > P. The sequence μμ found in such words therefore reflects underlying *Pm rather than *Kʷm. Finally, three further possible examples of Kʷm > Km are presented.
Artemis Orthia
Authors: Sommer Florian
Published: October 2022

The goddess Orthia, whose name is attested by different variants in inscriptions mainly at her sanctuary at Sparta, and who was at some point identified with Artemis, is the subject of an ongoing debate in various fields of ancient studies. As the textual mythology of the goddess is meagre, the etymology of this theonym is of primary importance in bringing to light possible mythological concepts associated with the deity. Drawing on earlier attempts proposed in the literature, the Greek adjective ὀρθός (ved. ūrdhvá- ‚upright‘) is identified as the natural derivational basis for the name, which can in turn be traced back to the PIE root underlying ved. vrādh- and av. uruuad-. In Vedic, ūrdhvá- is used in describing the epiphany of Uṣas. Orthia can therefore be considered to be a descendant of the PIE dawn goddess. Via its etymology, the name of Orthia is related to the Avestan theonym Arəduuī (and probably to Celtic Ardvinna as well). The abundantly documented mythological profile of the Iranian goddess matches up well with the proposed origin of the name, thereby cross-validating the linguistic and mythological origin of Orthia.