bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of valenced news consumption on affect in situ
Authors: Shaikh S. J. , McGowan Amanda L. , Lydon-Staley David M.
Published: February 2022

Shifts in the production, dissemination, and consumption of valenced news stories in recent years raise new questions concerning the effects of everyday news consumption on our affective experiences. In a sample of 203 (125 women, 77 men, 1 agender person; mean age = 38.04 years, SD=12.05) participants, we tested the effects of valenced news consumption on affective states as participants went about their daily lives using a 14-day, smartphone-based intensive repeated measures protocol consisting of two components: 1) a once-per-day experimental protocol in which participants were exposed to good news and bad news stories that were consistent across all participants and 2) a four-times-per-day naturalistic protocol designed to capture naturalistic fluctuations in valenced news consumption. Results show that across both experimental and naturalistic protocols, consumption of positively valenced news is associated with increased positive affect and decreased negative affect while consumption of negatively valenced news is associated with increased negative affect and decreased positive affect. These news consumption-affect associations are heightened when the news is deemed to be personally relevant to the target. By integrating intensive repeated measures and network science methodologies, news selection and news effects were simultaneously modeled and suggest that, in addition to media effects, selection processes whereby current affect predicts future news consumption also occur in daily life. Specifically, when positive affect is higher than usual, news consumed later in the day is more positively valenced than usual. Altogether, findings indicate that everyday news consumption has substantial effects on immediate positive and negative affect and may also serve mood management functions.
Characteristics of a children’s anxiety measuring instrument
Authors: Inasaridze Ketevan
Published: February 2022

Children’s anxiety can be manifested as worry or fear, but it can also cause anger and irritability in the child. Anxiety symptoms in children are varied and their timely assessment is important to facilitate adaptation of the children and adolescents to the environment. The article discusses the famous children's anxiety assessment scale and the value of its practical use.
Event Termination Cue Generates a Field in which Perceived Time Dilates
Authors: Choe Seonggyu , Kwon Oh-Sang
Published: February 2022

The perceived duration of time does not veridically reflect the physical duration but is distorted by various factors, such as the stimulus magnitude or the observer’s emotional state. Here, we showed that knowledge about an event’s termination time is another significant factor. We often experience time passage differently when we know that an event will terminate soon. To quantify this, we asked 33 university students to report a rotating clock hand’s duration with or without a termination cue that indicated the position at which the clock hand disappeared. The results showed that the presence of the termination cue dilated perceived durations, and the dilating effect was larger when the stimulus duration was longer, or the speed of the rotating stimulus was slower. A control experiment with a start-cue excluded the possibility that the cue’s mere existence caused the results. Further computational analyses based on the attention theory of time perception revealed that the size of dilation is best explained by neither an event’s duration nor the distance traveled by the clock hand, but by how long the clock hand spends time near the termination cue. The results imply that an event termination cue generates a field in which the perceived time dilates.
Trust in Public Health Sources, COVID-19 Protective Behaviors, and the Attenuating Role of Behavioral Beliefs: A Dual Processing Study with a Longitudinal Representative Sample of U.S. Adults
Authors: Kikut Ava
Published: February 2022

Public distrust in official sources of COVID-19 information threatens to undermine engagement in recommended practices. Nonetheless, people with low trust may adhere if they believe recommended behaviors are effective. This set of longitudinal studies examines the interaction between behavioral beliefs and trust in official sources in their effects on recommended COVID-19 prevention behaviors (study 1: facemask wearing and social distancing; study 2: vaccination). Repeated measurement data were collected from a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults in May/June 2020 (T1; n=1074), July 2020 (T2; n=889), and April/June 2021 (T3; n=750). Lagged linear regressions found consistent negative interactions between trust and behavioral beliefs, either significant (T1-T2: facemask wearing B=-0.10, SE=0.04; T1-T3: social distancing B=-0.20, SE=0.06; T2-T3 vaccination B=-0.27, SE=0.10) or close to significant (T1-T3: social distancing B=-0.13, SE=0.08; T1-T3: facemask wearing B=-0.11, SE=0.06). These results support dual-processing models; among individuals who strongly believed in behavioral benefits, trust did not influence adherence.
The extended computational case method: a framework for research design
Authors: Pardo Guerra Juan Pablo
Published: February 2022

This paper considers the adoption of computational analysis within research designs modeled after the extended case method. Echoing calls to augment the power of contemporary researchers through the adoption of computational text analysis methods, we offer a framework for thinking about how such techniques can be integrated into quasi-ethnographic workflows to address structural sociological claims. We focus, in particular, on how this adoption of novel forms of evidence impacts corpus design and interpretation (which we tie to matters of casing), theoretical elaboration (which we associate to moving empirical claims across scales), and verification (which we see as a process of reflexive scaffolding of theoretical claims). We provide an example of the use of this framework through a study of the marketization of social scientific knowledge in the United Kingdom.
The anniversary of Mariya Ivanovna Dergacheva, an honoured scientist and pedagogue
Authors:   Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mironycheva-Tokareva N.P.
Published: February 2022

The article provides information about professional activity of Mariya Ivanovna Dergacheva, a remarkable scientist and pedagogue, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences and an honoured scientist of the Russian Federation. Working very productively in the Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry of the Russian (formerly the USSR) Academy of Sciences, Prof. Dergacheva devoted more than 50 years to studies in soil science and ecology, becoming one of the leading specialists in research on formation and functioning of the system of humus substances and their role in biospheric processes. As a talented pedagogue, Prof. M.I. Dergacheva organized the first International School for young scientists in paleopedology.
Retropharyngeal Abscess following an Unusual Penetrating Foreign Body (Blister pack) – An Airway Emergency
Authors:   Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education, Chennai, India, Srihita  , Sudhagar ME ,   Department of ENT, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education, Chennai, India, Bhatia Karan ,   Department of ENT, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education, Chennai, India, Kumar S Prasanna ,   Department of ENT, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education, Chennai, India
Published: February 2022

Retropharyngeal abscess can be a deadly condition if not treated at the right time. Etiology could be following penetrating foreign body injury and extension of the prevertebral space infection. Retropharyngeal abscess can cause respiratory distress and mortality due to extension of infection to danger space. In this case we present an elderly male with uncontrolled diabetes who developed retropharyngeal abscess following an accidental intake of a blister pack of oral hypoglycemic drug. Blister pack is an unusual cause of retropharyngeal abscess but can be associated in elderly patient with loss of dexterity and difficulty in vision.
Gingival overgrowth caused by Olmesartan Medoxomil: Observational study
Authors:   Clinical Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Health, University of Trieste, Piazza dell’Ospitale 1, 34125 Trieste, Italy, Bevilacqua L , Lorenzon MG ,   Clinical Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Health, University of Trieste, Piazza dell’Ospitale 1, 34125 Trieste, Italy, Massari G ,   Clinical Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Health, University of Trieste, Piazza dell’Ospitale 1, 34125 Trieste, Italy, Vasselli M ,   Clinical Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Health, University of Trieste, Piazza dell’Ospitale 1, 34125 Trieste, Italy, Angerame D ,   Clinical Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Health, University of Trieste, Piazza dell’Ospitale 1, 34125 Trieste, Italy, Maglione M ,   Clinical Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Health, University of Trieste, Piazza dell’Ospitale 1, 34125 Trieste, Italy, R Di Lenarda ,   Clinical Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Health, University of Trieste, Piazza dell’Ospitale 1, 34125 Trieste, Italy, A Di Lenarda ,   University Hospital and Health Services of Trieste Piazza dell’Ospitale 1, 34125 Trieste, Italy
Published: February 2022

Objective: Olmesartan Medoxomil is a type 1 receptor antagonist an antagonist of type 1 receptor (AT1) of angiotensin II (A-II) that inhibits numerous actions of A-II in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). A-II is a significant and multifunctional peptide involved in the pathophysiology of blood hypertension and for this reason it represents the main target in several classes of drugs used to treat and control arterial hypertension, such as angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-i), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) and renin direct inhibitors. The aim of the study is to evaluate whether the two drugs that have as an active principle Olmesartan Medoxomil, with and without the diuretic hydrochlorothiazide, are able to determine gingival overgrowth. Study Design: 108 subjects were examined and divided into three groups: G1, subjects treated with Olmesartan Medoxomil and hydrochlorothiazide (n=60); G2, subjects received only Olmesartan Medoxomil (n=24); G3, control group without pharmacological therapies (n=24). The plaque index (IP) and the gingival overgrowth index (OI) were recorded, considering the vertical and horizontal components. Results: Vertical overgrowth averaged between 0.17 ± 0.15 (G3) and 0.34 ± 0.26 (G2) showing statistically significant differences (p <0.05) compared to the other groups. Horizontal overgrowth ranged from 0.18 ± 0.26 (G3) to 0.49 ± 0.35 (G2) showing statistically significant differences (p <0.05). Conclusions: antihypertensive agents as Olmesartan Medoxomil may result in mild gingival overgrowth in the upper and lower frontal dental elements not related to other etiological factors.
The Roles of Epithelial Cells in Gut Immunity
Authors:   Department of Zoology, Sirte University, Sirte, Libya, Mohamed Fatima Mohamed Makhlouf , Febry Timothy L ,   Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK, Stover Cordula ,   Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Published: February 2022

The epithelial layer of the gastrointestinal tract are the columnar cells exposed to the lumen, the site where food matter and food-borne pathogens come into contact with our body. As they are the front line against food-borne illness, they are responsible for sensing the luminal environment and modulating secretions they produce in response. Gut epithelium operates a melody of ways in which it provides a barrier, targets pathogens, promotes our mutualistic microbiota and induces long lasting immunity against infection, all the while allowing us to absorb nutrition. This review examines the role of gastrointestinal epithelial cells in maintaining gut health and tolerance.
Networked Architectures of Crime Prevention: Community Mobilization in Manitoba
Authors: Gorkoff Kelly , Bartlett Nadine , Heringer Rebeca , Yavuz Mehmet , D’Sena Natassia
Published: February 2022

Crime prevention programs in Canada have increasingly adopted community mobilization frameworks – a process in which individuals, groups, and organizations in a community come together to address particular social issues associated with individual risk, health and safety, crime prevention, and community development. These initiatives intend to address systemic issues that are strongly correlated with criminal activity and with community safety and well-being. Twelve community mobilization (CM) initiatives have been established in Manitoba. CM is often considered an innovative way to deal with high-risk individuals who are best served by an approach that activates communities to act on their behalf and, by doing so, increases community safety. CM is also considered a networked form of crime control that activates groups not normally involved with crime control. Although intending to mobilize communities to act, some of these programs have been critiqued as being state-centric and promoting a police agenda. We have found preliminary evidence that Manitoban initiatives have avoided these problems and retained autonomy and local governance in their design and operation. Using the theoretical concept of nodal networks (organizational sites that bring together institutions to shape a flow of events), we argue that models of CM in Manitoba have maintained local leadership and resisted standardization, which gives them the potential to meet the original goals of CM: to co-produce community-grounded definitions and practices of public safety. We introduce indicators to verify these nodal networks and discuss the possibilities for reimagining public safety.
Incarcerated Girls’ Early Life Experiences and Their Influence on Serious Offending in Emerging Adulthood
Authors: Gushue Kelsey , McCuish Evan
Published: February 2022

Warr (1989) conceptualized offence severity as the intersection of the harmfulness and wrongfulness of an act, which overlaps with how Canada’s justice system makes decisions about sentencing. The current study used this logic to move beyond static indicators of crime severity (e.g., history of violent offending) to examine risk factors for longitudinal patterns of offending severity over the life course. Data on girls (n = 284) from the Incarcerated Serious and Violent Young Offender Study were used to examine the impact of self-reported risk factors on trajectories of offence severity between ages 12 and 23 (i.e., amount of time spent in custody at each year of age). Overall, 40% of incarcerated girls were associated with serious offending in emerging adulthood; however, it was rare for offending severity to escalate during emerging adulthood (ages 18–23; n = 25, 8.8%). Early-onset illicit substance use and frequent involvement in physical altercations during adolescence predicted serious offending that escalated between adolescence and emerging adulthood. A much wider range of risk factors in adolescence distinguished between participants who demonstrated frequent offending of a less serious nature, which slowly declined in adulthood, and those who were rarely, if ever, involved in frequent or serious offences in adulthood. Substance abuse treatment strategies may be especially important for disrupting incarcerated girls’ pathway to escalation of the severity of offending during emerging adulthood.
Anastomosis placentarias en embarazos gemelares monocoriales: estudio mediante técnicas de inyección vascular y relación con complicaciones fetales
Authors: Huerta Sáenz Igor Hermann , Elías Estrada José Carlos , Arce Villavicencio Ronald
Published: February 2022

Introducción. Los embarazos gemelares son clasificados en dos grupos: monocoriónico (MC) y dicoriónico (DC). Los gemelos MC tienen 5 a 6 veces más riesgo de tener un resultado perinatal adverso. Se publica el estudio de un grupo de 22 placentas de pacientes con embarazo gemelar monocoriónico que presentaron complicaciones como síndrome de transfusión feto-fetal (STFF), secuencia de anemia policitemia (TAPS), síndrome de perfusión arterial reversa (TRAP) y restricción de crecimiento intrauterino selectivo (RCIU-s). Objetivo. Determinar los tipos de anastomosis predominantes en las placentas con síndrome de transfusión feto-fetal, secuencia de anemia policitemia, síndrome de perfusión arterial reversa y restricción de crecimiento selectivo. Metodología. Se aplicó la técnica de inyección vascular placentaria para el reconocimiento de las anastomosis. Resultados. El número medio de anastomosis por placenta en el STFF (que fue la complicación más severa) fue de 8,2 ± 2,2. Las anastomosis AV y VA predominaron en un 83%. Hubo signos de discordancia placentaria en 30% de las placentas, y un 40% de placentas presentaron cordón de inserción velamentosa. Conclusiones. Las anastomosis vasculares no solo están implicadas en la etiología de las principales patologías propias de gestaciones monocoriónicas, sino que también influyen en su manejo. Creemos que un adecuado estudio placentario de cada uno de estos casos mediante la técnica de inyección vascular placentaria sería indispensable en los centros que aspiran a desarrollar manejos diferenciados de terapia fetal para cada una de estas complicaciones.
Caracterización y manejo de hematoma hepático subcapsular en mujeres con preeclampsia y síndrome de HELLP
Authors: Guevara-Rios Enrique , Torres-Contreras Hayder , Gonzáles-Carrillo Oswaldo , Espinola-Sánchez Marcos
Published: February 2022

Introducción. La mortalidad materna es mayor en países en desarrollo, por complicaciones del embarazo y/o puerperio; siendo la rotura hepática la más catastrófica complicación. Objetivos. Describir la caracterización y manejo de hematoma hepático subcapsular en pacientes con preeclampsia con criterios de severidad y síndrome HELLP. Métodos. Estudio observacional y descriptivo, realizado en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal de Perú, entre 2003 y 2020. Participaron pacientes con preeclampsia con criterios de severidad y síndrome HELLP que presentaron hematoma hepático subcapsular. Se recogió información a partir de la historia clínica.  En el análisis de datos se utilizó estadística descriptiva. Resultados. En el periodo de estudio se identificaron 53 pacientes con hematoma subcapsular de 342 000 partos atendidos. El 37,7% fueron gestantes y 62,3% puérperas, siendo los síntomas más frecuentes dolor abdominal superior y cefalea. Se realizó tratamiento quirúrgico mediante laparotomía y empaquetamiento del hígado en el 94,3%. Las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron falla orgánica múltiple, shock hipovolémico e insuficiencia renal aguda. Se observó una sobrevivencia del 81% de pacientes. Conclusión. Se evidencio una incidencia de 1.65 casos x 10,000 partos y con una mortalidad de diez casos (19%). La identificación de hematoma subcapsular se debe sospechar en aquellas gestantes con preeclampsia con criterios de severidad que presentan síntomas de dolor epigástrico y cefalea, siendo más frecuente en el posparto. La laparotomía y el empaquetamiento del hígado junto con la reposición de volumen contribuyen al manejo de estas pacientes, lo cual debe realizarse prontamente en pacientes inestables.
Parto asincrónico en un embarazo gemelar. Primer reporte de caso en el Perú
Authors: Hernández Martínez Adela María , Flores Noriega Mónica Lourdes
Published: February 2022

El parto asincrónico (PA) o parto diferido es una presentación poco prevalente de la gestación múltiple. Este ocurre cuando un feto nace por vía vaginal y el -o los- fetos restantes se mantienen intraútero y nacen con una diferencia de días o semanas.  Se realiza el primer reporte en el Perú de una gestante cuyo primer parto fue a las 20,1 semanas y el segundo a las 24,4 semanas, y se detalla el manejo y los resultados perinatales del caso. La evidencia sugiere que un PA mejora la supervivencia y reduce la morbimortalidad del segundo feto. Es imprescindible continuar la investigación en este tema para describir su prevalencia real, identificar candidatas ideales, estandarizar el manejo obstétrico y así optimizar resultados maternos y fetales.
Caracterización y manejo de hematoma hepático subcapsular en mujeres con preeclampsia y síndrome de HELLP
Authors: Guevara-Rios Enrique , Torres-Contreras Hayder , Gonzáles-Carrillo Oswaldo , Espinola-Sánchez Marcos
Published: February 2022

Introducción. La mortalidad materna es mayor en los países en desarrollo, por complicaciones del embarazo y/o puerperio, siendo la rotura hepática la complicación más catastrófica. Objetivos. Describir la caracterización y manejo del hematoma hepático subcapsular en pacientes con preeclampsia con criterios de severidad y síndrome HELLP. Métodos. Estudio observacional, retrospectivo y descriptivo, realizado en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal de Perú, entre 2003 y 2020. Participaron pacientes con preeclampsia con criterios de severidad y síndrome HELLP que presentaron hematoma hepático subcapsular. Se recogió información a partir de la historia clínica y se documentó la técnica quirúrgica. En el análisis de datos se utilizó estadística descriptiva. Resultados. En el periodo de estudio se identificaron 53 pacientes con hematoma hepático subcapsular entre 342,000 partos atendidos. El 37,7% fueron gestantes y 62,3% puérperas, siendo los síntomas más frecuentes dolor abdominal superior y cefalea. Se realizó tratamiento quirúrgico mediante laparotomía y empaquetamiento del hígado en el 94,3% de los casos. Las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron falla orgánica múltiple, shock hipovolémico e insuficiencia renal aguda. Se observó una sobrevivencia del 81% de pacientes. Conclusiones. Se evidenció una incidencia de 1,65 casos de hematoma hepático subcapsular x 10,000 partos y con una mortalidad de diez casos (19%). El hematoma hepático subcapsular se debe sospechar en aquellas gestantes con preeclampsia con criterios de severidad que presentan síntomas de dolor epigástrico y cefalea, siendo más frecuente en el posparto. La laparotomía y el empaquetamiento del hígado junto con la reposición de volumen contribuyen al manejo de estas pacientes, lo cual debe realizarse prontamente en pacientes inestables.
Are there biases in decisions to tweet on scientific papers? A plea for conducting an experimental Twitter study. Technical note
Authors: Bornmann Lutz , Haunschild Robin , Tekles Alexander
Published: February 2022

Twitter data are used as alternative metrics (altmetrics) to measure the impact or attention of research. Tweets are used to communicate about papers. However, Twitter data can only be used for research evaluation purposes, if biases do not influence tweet decisions on papers. The existence of biases can only be reasonably investigated using an experimental design with controlled (marginal) manipulations. In this comment, we propose to undertake an experimental approach to study the decision of scientists to ‘tweet’ on a paper. We describe the design of a study that might allow the experimental investigation of tweet decisions including randomized variations and theoretically derived mechanisms for explaining the empirical results. The described study design should be adaptable to other social media platforms (e.g., Facebook or ResearchGate). This comment is intended to be a plea for using an experimental design to investigate biases in tweet decisions. It is an advantage of tweets –in contrast to citations– that an experimental approach can be applied to investigate the decision of scientists to communicate on papers.
Influence of Rivalry Merger, Bank Financial Health Rating, and Customer Loyalty to the Competitive Advantage
Authors: Kurniawan Fajar , Febrian Erie , Wibisono Angki
Published: February 2022

The growth of the sharia banking market in Indonesia tended to stagnate. The Government had taken initiative to strengthen the sharia banking market by merging the three state sharia banks. PT. Bank Muamalat Indonesia, Tbk. (BMI), which is categorized in one of strategic group, is expected to be affected by considering that both BMI and the three state sharia banks have alike market segment. BMI is known as the first and purely sharia bank, which owns strong customer base. Thus, in last few years it is always the champion in term of customer loyalty among the public sharia banks. Internally, BMI attempts to strengthen its capital as one of indicator in bank financial health rating. The research objective is to analyse the influence of rivalry merger, bank financial health rating, and customer loyalty to the competitive advantage of BMI. The research utilizes quantitative method to test the hypothesis by using Partial Least Square (PLS). The result of data analysis from the survey shows that there is significant influence of rivalry merger, bank financial health rating, and customer loyalty to the competitive advantage.
The Effect of Mudharabah and Musyarakah Financing on Profitability of Islamic Banks in Indonesia
Authors: El Iqbal Maulana , Masyhuri Masyhuri , Yuliana Indah
Published: February 2022

The study aims to determine the effect of Mudharabah and Musyarakah financing on profitability of Islamic banks in Indonesia. Profitability is measured by using ROA. The population used in this study is Islamic banks registered in Bank Indonesia from 2016 to 2020, and by using purposive sampling technique. The researchers obtained 8 Islamic banks that meet the criteria. The study uses MRA (Multivariate Regression Analysis) with the following results: the Mudharabah variable has a tcount = 5.812 and a ttable = 2.026 (tcount > ttable) with a significance level of 0.000001 < 0.05. Thus, H1 is accepted, Mudharabah has a significant positive effect on profitability of Islamic bank. The Musyarakah variable has a tcount = -3.120 and a ttable = 2.026 (tcount > ttable) with a significance level of 0.003498 < 0.05. Therefore, H2 is accepted, Musyarakah has a significant negative effect on profitability of Islamic banks.
Saat Çizme Testinin Çocuk ve Ergenler için Gelişimsel ve Klinik Gösterge Olarak Kullanımı
Authors: ERDEN Gülsen , ULUÇ Sait
Published: February 2022

Saat çizme testi [SÇT], yürütücü işlevleri, motor planlama becerisini ve görsel uzamsal becerileri inceleyen nöropsikolojik bir değerlendirme aracıdır. Görgül çalışmalar, SÇT'nin genel bilişsel işlev düzeyini iyi yordayan geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olduğunu göstermektedir. Ek olarak, klinik çalışmalar SÇT'nin bilişsel becerilerdeki bozulmanın iyi bir göstergesi olduğuna işaret etmiştir. SÇT, yetişkinlerin ve yaşlıların bilişsel yeteneklerini değerlendirmek için en yaygın kullanılan tarama araçlarından biridir. Ancak, çocuk ve ergen örnekleminde SÇT'nin kullanımına ilişkin görece az sayıda görgül çalışma vardır. Sunulan araştırma, birbirini takip eden iki aşamada gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk adım olan, norm çalışmasında, SÇT'nin psikometrik özellikleri, herhangi bir nöropsikolojik tanısı olmayan çocuklardan oluşan geniş bir örneklemde değerlendirilmiştir. İkinci çalışmada, klinik tanılı çocuklar ile tanısı olmayan çocuklar SÇT performansı açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Norm Çalışması 6-14 yaş arası toplam 811 ilköğretim öğrencisi (425 kız, 386 erkek) ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizler, 11 yaşına kadar olan tüm yaş gruplarının, kendilerinden önceki yaşlardan önemli ölçüde daha yüksek puanlara sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. On bir yaşından sonra kritik bir değişiklik olmamıştır. İzleyen aşamada tanı grubu yaşları 6-14 arasında değişen 162 (81 kız ve 81 erkek) çocuk ve ergenden oluşmuştur. Tanı grubundaki tüm katılımcılar özel eğitim kurumlarına devam etmektedir. Analiz sonuçları, 9, 12 ve 13 yaşlarında tanı alan ve olmayan çocuklar arasında SÇT performansı açısından anlamlı farklılıklar olduğunu göstermiştir. Tanı konulan çocukların puanlarının daha kötü olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Transtubular image-guided surgery for spinal intradural lesions: techniques, results, and complications in a consecutive series of 60 patients
Authors: Duff John Michael , Omoumi Patrick , Bobinski Lukas , Belouaer Amani , Plaza Wuthrich Sonia , Zanchi Fabio , Maduri Rodolfo
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE

The authors previously described the image merge tailored access resection (IMTAR) technique for resection of spinal intradural lesions (SIDLs). The authors reported their updated experience with the IMTAR technique and compared surgical results between patients who underwent operations with 2D or 3D fluoroscopic guidance.

METHODS

The authors reviewed 60 patients who underwent SIDL resection with transtubular techniques over a 14-year period. The earlier patients in the series underwent operations with 2D fluoroscopic image guidance. The latter patients underwent operations with the IMTAR technique based on 3D image guidance. The results of both techniques were analyzed.

RESULTS

Sixty patients were included: 27 females (45%) and 33 males (55%). The median (range) age was 50.5 (19–92) years. Gross-total resection (GTR) was achieved in 52 patients (86.7%). Subtotal resection was accomplished in 5 patients (8.3%). Neurological complications occurred in 3 patients (5%), and tumor recurrence occurred in 1 patient (1.7%). The non-IMTAR and IMTAR cohorts showed similar postoperative Nurick scale scores and rates of neurological complications and GTR. The median (interquartile range) bone resection surface area at the index level was 89.5 (51–147) mm2 in the non-IMTAR cohort and 35.5 (11–71) mm2 in the IMTAR cohort, with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0112).

CONCLUSIONS

Surgery for SIDLs may be challenging, and meticulous surgical planning is crucial to optimize tumor access, maximize resection, and minimize risk of complications. Image-guided transtubular resection is an additional surgical technique for SIDLs and facilitates microsurgical tumor removal of ventrally located lesions with a posterolateral approach, without requiring potentially destabilizing bone resection.
Spinal level and cord involvement in the prediction of sepsis development after vertebral fracture repair for traumatic spinal injury
Authors: Hoffman Samantha E. , Hauser Blake M. , Zaki Mark M. , Gupta Saksham , Chua Melissa , Bernstock Joshua D. , Khawaja Ayaz M. , Smith Timothy R. , Zaidi Hasan A.
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE

Despite understanding the associated adverse outcomes, identifying hospitalized patients at risk for sepsis is challenging. The authors aimed to characterize the epidemiology and clinical risk of sepsis in patients who underwent vertebral fracture repair for traumatic spinal injury (TSI).

METHODS

The authors conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of adults undergoing vertebral fracture repair during initial hospitalization after TSI who were registered in the National Trauma Data Bank from 2011 to 2014.

RESULTS

Of the 29,050 eligible patients undergoing vertebral fracture repair, 317 developed sepsis during initial hospitalization. Of these patients, most presented after a motor vehicle accident (63%) or fall (28%). Patients in whom sepsis developed had greater odds of being male (adjusted OR [aOR] 1.5, 95% CI 1.1–1.9), having diabetes mellitus (aOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.11–2.1), and being obese (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.4–2.5). Additionally, they had greater odds of presenting with moderate (aOR 2.7, 95% CI 1.8–4.2) or severe (aOR 3.9, 95% CI 2.9–5.2) Glasgow Coma Scale scores and of having concomitant abdominal injuries (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.5–2.5) but not cranial, thoracic, or lower-extremity injuries. Interestingly, cervical spine injury was significantly associated with developing sepsis (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1–1.8), but thoracic and lumbar spine injuries were not. Spinal cord injury (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.5–2.5) was also associated with sepsis regardless of level. Patients with sepsis were hospitalized approximately 16 days longer. They had greater odds of being discharged to rehabilitative care or home with rehabilitative care (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.8–3.2) and greater odds of death or discharge to hospice (OR 6.0, 95% CI 4.4–8.1).

CONCLUSIONS

Among patients undergoing vertebral fracture repair, those with cervical spine fractures, spinal cord injuries, preexisting comorbidities, and severe concomitant injuries are at highest risk for developing postoperative sepsis and experiencing adverse hospital disposition.
Venous thromboembolism in the setting of pediatric central diabetes insipidus: a systematic review of the literature and report of 2 cases
Authors: Lambert William A. , Paro Mitch , Pinci Emanuela , Bookland Markus J. , Martin Jonathan E. , Riba-Wolman Rebecca , McKay Laura , Hersh David S.
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE

Central diabetes insipidus (DI) is frequently identified preoperatively and/or postoperatively in patients with sellar or parasellar lesions. Early diagnosis and effective perioperative management of central DI is critical to minimize disruptions in fluid homeostasis. In particular, although venous thromboembolism (VTE) is generally less common in pediatric patients than their adult counterparts, isolated reports suggest that VTE occurs at a higher frequency in pediatric patients with central DI.

METHODS

Using the PubMed, Scopus, and Springer Link databases, the authors performed a systematic review of the literature with regard to the incidence of VTE in pediatric patients with central DI. Inclusion criteria were availability of the full text in English, diagnosis of central DI and VTE in the same patient, and pediatric age defined as ≤ 21 years. Data were reported as median and interquartile range for continuous variables and as frequencies and percentages for categorical variables. Risk of bias assessments of the individual studies were performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklists for case series and case reports.

RESULTS

Of 2094 search results, 12 articles met the inclusion criteria and described a total of 17 cases of VTE in pediatric patients with central DI. Two additional patients from the authors’ institution were added to this cohort. The underlying pathologies included craniopharyngioma (n = 6), suprasellar germinoma (n = 4), epileptic encephalopathy (n = 2), pilocytic astrocytoma (n = 2), prolactinoma (n = 2), Cushing disease (n = 1), failure to thrive (n = 1), and congenital hypothalamic syndrome (n = 1). Thrombotic complications included deep vein thrombosis (n = 10 [53%]), cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (n = 6 [32%]), pulmonary embolism (n = 4 [21%]), inferior vena cava thrombosis (n = 2 [11%]), and disseminated intravascular coagulation (n = 1 [5%]). There was a 26% mortality rate.

CONCLUSIONS

VTE is a rare but potentially devastating postoperative complication that appears to have a higher incidence among patients with central DI. Although this review was limited by heterogeneous information across limited reports, pediatric neurosurgical patients with DI may benefit from more aggressive VTE surveillance and prophylaxis.
Predicting Brain Amyloid-β PET Grades with Graph Convolutional Networks Based on Functional MRI and Multi-Level Functional Connectivity
Authors: Li Chaolin , Liu Mianxin , Xia Jing , Mei Lang , Yang Qing , Shi Feng , Zhang Han , Shen Dinggang
Published: February 2022

Background: The detection of amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition in the brain provides crucial evidence in the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the current positron emission tomography (PET)-based brain Aβ examination suffers from the problems of coarse visual inspection (in many cases, with 2-class stratification) and high scanning cost. Objective: 1) To characterize the non-binary Aβ deposition levels in the AD continuum based on clustering of PET data, and 2) to explore the feasibility of predicting individual Aβ deposition grades with non-invasive functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods: 1) Individual whole-brain Aβ-PET images from the OASIS-3 dataset (N = 258) were grouped into three clusters (grades) with t-SNE and k-means. The demographical data as well as global and regional standard uptake value ratios (SUVRs) were compared among the three clusters with Chi-square tests or ANOVA tests. 2) From resting-state fMRI, both conventional functional connectivity (FC) and high-order FC networks were constructed and the topological architectures of the two networks were jointly learned with graph convolutional networks (GCNs) to predict the Aβ-PET grades for each individual. Results: We found three clearly separated clusters, indicating three Aβ-PET grades. There were significant differences in gender, age, cognitive ability, APOE type, as well as global and regional SUVRs among the three grades we found. The prediction of Aβ-PET grades with GCNs on FC for the 258 samples in the AD continuum reached a satisfactory averaged accuracy (78.8%) in the two-class classification tasks. Conclusion: The results demonstrated the feasibility of using deep learning on a non-invasive brain functional imaging technique to approximate PET-based Aβ deposition grading.
Temperature Sensor Position Planning
Authors: Ross-Pinnock David , Mullineux Glen , Keogh Patrick S
Published: February 2022

One of the challenges in large volume metrology is that it is often difficult or impossible to control the ambient conditions in which the object is to be measured. Dimensional measurement results vary with those conditions and it becomes necessary to apply some form of compensation. Thermal compensation of dimensional measurement is primarily reliant on the ability to properly measure temperature across the volume, which can differ by several degrees, but conventionally a uniform scaling has been applied. This paper focuses upon temperature sensor network planning improvement to facilitate thermal compensation. Beyond assembly environments, data from sensor networks are increasingly used to make decisions, but appropriate design and testing of such networks can be limited. As the demand for production digital twins increase, appropriate methods to quantify and optimise uncertainty to improve confidence will be invaluable. A virtual test bed has been created for the design, test, and optimisation of temperature sensor networks supported by physical simulation. Sensor networks have been used to take virtual measurements from a known temperature distribution and used to reconstruct the temperature distribution. Random search optimisation on a subset of the sensor network was carried out to determine some initial rules for sensor network design. The positioning of the sensors within the measurement volume and the method of reconstructing the temperature field was found to be more important than the capability of the individual sensors. Two means of interpolating the ambient field have been investigated: polynomial fitting and kriging. Temperature sensor networks appeared more sensitive to changes at the spatial boundary and these positions seem to be most critical for accurate reconstruction. In the case of the barrel section assembly it was found that asymmetric sensor heights produced better results, for example. A polynomial interpolation model using a 16-sensor network with 0.1 °C (confidence interval, k = 2) uncertainty sensors could produce a consistent temperature reconstruction error of ~0.04 °C RMS, corresponding to a thermal expansion error of ~1.5 μm in aluminium over a 1.6 m-tall structure.
RETRACTED: Biometric authentication utilizing fuzzy extractor with PSO based security ensuring the data security mechanism as Trio in Cloud
Authors: Sathish A. , Bajulunisha A. , Sridevi R. , Vatchala S.
Published: February 2022

This article has been retracted. A retraction notice can be found at https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-219433.
High-speed loom brake system controlled by fuzzy PID algorithm based on cloud platform
Authors: Liu Wei-Ling , Liu Ping , Wang Xin , Niu Li-Chao , Zhou Wei , Xiao Yan-Jun
Published: February 2022

When a high-speed loom is suddenly stopped or is driven again in a faulty state, it is easy to cause defects such as brake marks and driving marks on the fabric. This is because the brake system of the loom has insufficient control of the accuracy of the parking angle. To improve the control accuracy of the braking system, this paper analyzes the dynamic process of the braking system when braking, builds a mathematical model of the electromagnetic clutch of the braking system, and proposes to regulate the excitation current of the system by fuzzy PID algorithm. The rule table of this PID controller is established by expert experience, and the center of gravity method is used for defuzzification. In addition, this article combines internet communication and storage technology to build a cloud platform for the brake system, and realizes the monitoring, storage and diagnosis of the brake system data. Finally, hardware testing and on-site braking experiments (including parking angle data acquisition experiment and spindle speed change experiment during braking) verify that the design can achieve high-precision parking angle positioning at different speeds, and has a fast dynamic response and a smooth braking process.
Three-way decision theory based on interval type-2 fuzzy linguistic term sets
Authors: Peng Jiangang , Cai Ya , Xia Guang , Hao Ming
Published: February 2022

This study examines decision theory based on interval type-2 fuzzy sets with linguistic information for the three-way decision approach by addressing the challenge of uncertainty for information analysis and fusion in subjective decision-making processes. First, the interval type-2 fuzzy linguistic term sets (IT2 FLTSs) are defined to represent and normalize the uncertain preference information in linguistic decision-making. Subsequently, perception computing based on computing with words paradigm is introduced to implement information fusion among different decision-makers in the linguistic information-based fuzzy logic reasoning process. Then, a three-way decision (3WD) theory based on IT2 FLTSs with fuzzy neighborhood covering is proposed, and the corresponded tri-partitioning strategies that satisfy Jaccard similarity of membership distributions are given. Finally, 3WD theory is applied to multi-criteria group decision-making with linguistic terms, and the algorithm steps are illustrated by a promising application under the background of coronavirus disease 2019 to reveal the feasibility and practicability of the proposed approach.
RETRACTED: Cascaded layer-coalescing convolution network for brain tumor segmentation
Authors: Preethi Saroj S. , Gurunathan Pradeep
Published: February 2022

This article has been retracted. A retraction notice can be found at https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-219433.
Post-exposure prophylaxis against blood-borne viral infections among health care workers: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Sweileh Waleed M.
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Health care workers face a wide range of chemical, physical, and biological occupational hazards in their jobs. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to investigate research trends on post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) against blood-borne viral infections among health care workers. METHOD: Keywords related to health care workers, PEP, and blood-borne viruses were entered in the Scopus database for the period from 1950 to 27 January 2022. RESULTS: The search query returned 271 papers. The earliest publication was in 1984. The Pan African Medical Journal ranked first (n = 8, 3.0%), followed by the Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology and Journal of Hospital Infection with 6 (2.2%) papers for each. One hundred ninety-one journals took part in publishing the retrieved papers. Authors from 63 different countries took part in publishing the retrieved papers. The United States (US) ranked first (n = 53, 19.6%) followed by India (n = 26, 9.6%). The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contributed the most (n = 9, 3.3%) and ranked first in the top active institutions. The mean number of authors per paper was 4.4 and the mean number of citations per paper was 17.0. The most frequent author keywords focused on PEP, health care workers, occupational exposure, HIV, hepatitis B, anti-retroviral and needle-stick injuries. Research themes in the retrieved papers focused on knowledge/attitude/practice and management and epidemiology of occupational exposure and PEP. There was a limited number of research publications in this field. CONCLUSION: Research activity in this field needs to be strengthened in low- and middle-income countries through reporting and training of HCWs.
THE CONCEPT OF TEACHER IN THE QUR`AN AND ITS RELEVANCE TO HIS FUNCTION IN THE DIGITAL ERA
Authors: Mujahidin Anwar , Nursalam Yufridal Fitri , Ju'subaidi Ju'subaidi
Published: February 2022

In today’s digital technology era, teachers’ function in the learning process seems obscure. They are only perceived as learning facilitators. This paper attempted to find relevant teacher’s concepts in the digital era according to the interpretation of the Qur’an. The perspective of the Qur’an interpretation needs to be studied as a source of knowledge to find teacher’s concepts relevant to the digital era because the existing studies on teachers tend to be based on partial perspective between theory and norm. It was conducted under the interpretation of the Qur’an on the development and internalization of science. The interpretation of some verses was analyzed for contextuality and its implications on the function of teachers in the current era. The study results suggested that a teacher should function as an educator and caregiver. He/she not only teaches science but also directs and nurtures students, so they understand and practice moral goodness. Education is responsible for developing not only cognitive but also psychomotor skills. It must also improve students’ knowledge of goodness and virtue so that they can practice it in the end. That the function of a teacher is to educate and nurture students to be a good human is yet relevant today. This paper suggested a deeper research to examine the decline in the role of teachers around the school environment by evaluating the curriculum and learning system.
THE CRIMINALIZATION OF THE QUR'AN PERSPECTIVE AND IT’S CONTEXTUALIZATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Marhaban Nawawi
Published: February 2022

The Qur'an as the main source of law in Islam rules various kinds of criminal offenses and their punishments called Jarīmah. This is relevant to the purpose of God's laws implemented for the benefit and happiness of human beings. This article aims to present the discourse of Islamic criminal law in the Indonesian context. By using library research and content analysis as the analytical knife, this study found that the punishment in terms of the existence of texts in the Qur’an and hadith consists of two kinds. First, the punishments directly mentioned in the text are ḥudūd, qiṣaṣ, diyāt and kafarāt. Second, the punishment uncovered by the text is the ta'zīr punishment. Furthermore, there are four kinds of relations in the punishment, namely; 1) principal punishment, 2) substitute punishment, 3) additional punishment, and 4) complementary punishment. In this study, there are also ten acts that are able to be criminalized with threats of ḥadd and qiṣaṣ punishment, namely zinā, qażf (accusing zinā without evidence), ḥirābah (robbery), sariqah (theft), syurb al-khamr (drinking wine), maisir (gambling), riddah (apostasy), murder, persecution, and al-bugyu (rebellion).