bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kalite Güvencesi ve Kalite Geliştirme Arasında: 25 Yıllık EQuiP Tarihçesi (1991-2016)
Authors: KİRK Ulrik Bak , MEVSİM Vildan
Published: June 2018

1991 yılında kurulan Avrupa Aile Hekimliği Kalite ve Hasta Güvenliği Derneği (EQuiP), WONCA Avrupa Kalite Geliştirme ve Hasta Güvenliği Ağıdır. Genel pratisyenlik akademik birimleri işbirliğinde aile hekimliği uygulamasında kalite geliştirmeye yönelik araçlar ve yöntemler geliştirmek amacıyla kurulmuştur. 2016 yılı EQuiP’in 25. yıldönümünü olması nedeniyle tanıtım ve faaliyetlerin değerlendirilmesi açısından fırsat olarak görülmüştür. EQuiP'in tarihi; Ürün aşaması (1991-2006), Yansıma aşaması (2006-2011) ve Ağ oluşturma aşaması (2011-şimdi) olarak üç ana aşamada incelenmiştir. Birinci aşama 1991’den 2006 yılına kadar devam etmiştir. Bu aşamada ana ilgi odağı birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinde kalite geliştirme ve değerlendirme için ‘herkese uyan tek beden’ araçlar geliştirmekti. Yansıma dönemi 2006-2011 yılları arasında gerçekleşmiştir. Bu dönemde kalite geliştirme, sağlık sistemleri için karar verme ve planlamada, uygulamanın değişiminde gerekli olan yöntemlere yönelik geliştirilen bireysel araçlar ve bireysel yaklaşımlara odaklanılmıştır. Ağ oluşturma aşaması Nisan 2011'de başlamış ve halen devam etmektedir. Bu dönemin odak noktası, ürünler yerine paydaşların ve ağların iş birliği ve katılımıdır. EQuip bu amaçlar doğrultusunda halen pek çok çalışma yürütmektedir.
Geç Başlangıçlı Lineer Skleroderma
Authors: SEVİMLİ İsmet , ÖZTÜRK Perihan , MÜLAYIM Mehmet Kamil , NAZİK Hülya
Published: June 2018

En coup de sabre (yüzün lineer skleroderması), alın ve saçlı derinin frontopariyetal bölgesini tutan, morfeanın (lineer skleroderma) nadir görülen bir tipidir. Gelişiminde travma, immobilizasyon, BCG aşısı, K vitamini enjeksiyonları, giysilerin mekanik basısı gibi tetikleyiciler suçlanmıştır. En coup de sabre genellikle pediatrik popülasyonda görülür, olguların %67’si 18 yaşından önce tanı almıştır. Burada, 30 yaşında yetişkin bir hastaki en coup de sabre geç başlangıcı vurgulamak amacıyla sunulmuştur.
Mathematical models of Gauss – Kruger projection for calculation of meridians conversion on the plane and scale of the image
Authors: Medvedev P.A. , Novgorodskaya M.V.
Published: June 2018

This work contains continued research carried out on improving mathematical models of the Gauss-Krueger projection in accordance with the parameters of any ellipsoid with the removal of points from the axial meridian to l ≤ 6° . In terms of formulae earlier derived by the authors with improved convergence for the calculation of planar rectangular coordinates by geodesic coordinates, the algorithms for determining the convergence of meridians on the plane and the scale of the image are obtained. The improvement of the formulae represented in the form of series in powers of the difference in longitudes was accomplished by separating spherical terms in series and then replacing their approximate sums by exact expressions using the formulae of spherical trigonometry. As in previous works published in this journal [7, 8], determining the sums of the spherical terms was carried out according to the laws of the transverse-cylindrical projection of the sphere on the plane. Theoretical studies are given and formulae are proposed for estimating the observational errors in the results of the derived algorithms. The maximum of observational errors of convergence of meridians and scale, proceeding from the specified accuracy of the determined quantities was established through analytical methods.
Mapping of electoral phenomena (according to the materials of the elections to the state Duma of the Russian Federation in 2016)
Authors: Popov P.L. , Tcherenev A.A. , Galyos D.A. , Saraev V.G.
Published: June 2018

The article deals with the concept of an electoral landscape, it is noted that its content includes both electoral phenomena proper and phenomena considered as factors that influence them. The point of view is stated that the method of qualitative background is better suited for cartographic reflection of the electoral landscape. In connection with the practical orientation of electoral subjects, it is important to map not only the primary information, but also display the results of analytical work. Based on the study of the correlation of electoral phenomena with socio-economic and worldview phenomena, support factors have been established for each of the three main political parties. The results of the elections to the State Duma of the Russian Federation in 2016 were used. In terms of the quantitative ratio of ??support factors / actually provided support?, four types of electoral predisposition of RF subjects were identified. These are regions of sustained-increased support for a particular party, regions of sustained-lower support, regions of potential increase and potential downgrade of support. The maps of the Russian Federation reflect the distribution of types of electoral predisposition in the Russian Federation.
Experimenting with Contact Strategies in Business Surveys
Authors: Tuttle Alfred D. , Beck Jennifer L. , Willimack Diane K. , Tolliver Kevin P. , Hernandez Aryn , Fan Cha-Chi
Published: June 2018

The U.S. Census Bureau conducted a series of experiments to evaluate alternative contact strategies. We hoped to identify effective mail strategies that increase timeliness of response and reduce the number of cases receiving more-costly follow-ups. These experiments were incorporated into the collection of several annual business surveys and one quarterly survey. This article summarizes results from five experiments whose designs are based on business survey decision-making and response processes. We obtained clear, positive results from tests involving manipulation of mail sequences, but only modest results from tests in which we varied messages and envelope appearance, whose effects were seen only in specific industry subgroups.
Adaptive Design Strategies for Nonresponse Follow-Up in Economic Surveys
Authors: Kaputa Stephen J. , Thompson Katherine J.
Published: June 2018

The U.S. Census Bureau is investigating nonrespondent subsampling strategies for use in the 2017 Economic Census. In previous research, we developed an optimized allocation procedure for subsampling nonrespondents that selects larger systematic samples in domains with lower initial response. This article expands on our previous research by exploring improvements to the optimal allocation method; we investigate refinements to the previous procedure that incorporate measures of respondent balance with respect to the original sample. The revised allocation procedures have simultaneous objectives of allocating high proportions of sample in domains that indicate potential nonresponse bias and of equalizing response rates across domains. We examine the effects of the alternative allocation approaches on Horvitz-Thompson estimates via a simulation study using data from the 2014 Annual Survey of Manufactures.
Setting M-Estimation Parameters for Detection and Treatment of Influential Values
Authors: Mulry Mary H. , Kaputa Stephen , Thompson Katherine J.
Published: June 2018

Recent research on the use of M-estimation methodology for detecting and treating verified influential values in economic surveys found that initial parameter settings affect effectiveness. In this article, we explore the basic question of how to develop initial settings for the M-estimation parameters. The economic populations that we studied are highly skewed and are consequently highly stratified. While we investigated settings for several parameters, the most challenging problem was to develop an “automatic” data-driven method for setting the initial value of the tuning constantφ,the parameter with the greatest influence on performance of the algorithm. Of all the methods that we considered, we found that methods defined in terms of the accuracy of published estimates can be implemented on a large scale and yielded the best performance. We illustrate the methodology with an empirical analysis of 36 consecutive months of data from 19 industries in the Monthly Wholesale Trade Survey.
Understanding campaign “axiotechniques”: Their nature and practical usage in Ukrainian elections
Authors: Kutsenko Yevhen
Published: June 2018

This article seeks to shed more light on Ukraine’s parliamentary elections by considering campaign tools that were derived from values in the electorate and used in elections between 2006 and 2012. The influence of political values on the electoral process was pointed out by American political scientists in the mid-20th century. My research demonstrates, however, that the political choices of Ukrainians in the 2006–2012 elections gave rise to campaign techniques that were not based on “classic” political values like freedom, human rights and democracy. Instead, their source was national identity-related values including the importance of a common history, culture and language along with religious and geopolitical preferences. These values differed between the western and central regions of Ukraine on the one hand and the southern and eastern parts of the state on the other. This regional polarisation did not seem very dangerous, however, until the emergence of election campaigns based on political ideology. As ideology gradually lost its mobilising potential, there was a need for an effective new system of political influence. Manipulative techniques were deployed to incite artificial clashes between citizens with different political identities. This article analyses specific uses of these techniques and uncovers links between their application and the destruction of the electoral space in Ukraine as well as the division of the country’s real political arena.
The Kallikrates vs the Kapodistrias Reforms in Greece: A Story of Moderate Success
Authors: Kalimeri Vasiliki
Published: June 2018

This article aims to analyse and evaluate the implementation of Greek local government reforms based on the surrounding economic and political situation. The main two reforms in question, the Kapodistrias and the Kallikrates programmes, both tried to modernise the state under the influence of Greece’s European Union membership. Though revolutionary for its era, the Kapodistrias programme soon reached its limits. The newer Kallikrates reform, adopted under pressure from the European Union and the International Monetary Fund due to the economic crisis, has sought to reduce public spending and create a leaner state. Nevertheless, largely because of its external origins, even this more recent reform has failed to improve the deteriorating Greek local government sector.
Challenges to European Integration: Missions and Instruments
Authors: Szemlér Tamás
Published: June 2018

The aim of this article is to highlight challenges to European integration by raising key concerns and generating debate about potential responses. This discussion is intended to be a starting point for further research and the development of more policy-specific recommendations to tackle these challenges successfully. I begin by explaining the need for a clear and realistic integration mission and then turn to the example of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), one of the most tangible achievements of European integration policy. The EMU also highlights the critical importance of clarity and realism in any approach to integration. My analysis moves next to the challenges that the EU is facing today and considers how the European Commission has evaluated and reacted to these challenges. Finally I propose some key elements of – and make the case for – a constructive practical approach.
A Poggean Reform Agenda for Improving Political Will in Response to Mass Atrocities
Authors: Lea-Henry Jed
Published: June 2018

Like other types of humanitarian intervention before it, the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) has suffered in practice from a pervasive lack of political will. This represents a failure of moral motivation, but also a failure to accept the often steep political, material and human costs associated with intervening to try and halt mass atrocity crimes. In order to ease this second barrier to intervention, we need a reform agenda that will limit the prevalence, intensity and duration of mass atrocities as well as the crisis situations that make them possible, thereby reducing the various costs associated with any specific intervention. This can be achieved through certain aspects of the work of cosmopolitan philosopher Thomas Pogge.
The Propagation of the Waves in the CTO S.A. Towing Tank
Authors: Drzewiecki Marcin
Published: June 2018

The paper presents the results of research focused on the wave propagation in the CTO S.A. deepwater towing tank. In the scope of paper, the wavemaker transfer function was determined for regular waves, based on the Biésel Transfer Function and further for irregular waves, based on Hasselman model of nonlinear energy transfer. The phenomena: wave damping, wave breakdown and wave reflection, were measured, analyzed and mathematically modeled. Developed mathematical models allow to calculate the impact of mentioned phenomena on the wave propagation and furthermore to calculate the wave characteristics along the whole measurement area in the CTO S.A. deepwater towing tank, based on wavemaker flap motion control.
New Concept of Numerical Ship Motion Modelling for Total Ship Operability Analysis by Integrating Ship and Environment Under One Overall System
Authors: Olszewski Henryk , Ghaemi H.
Published: June 2018

The paper presents a new concept of overall ship motion modelling for application to total ship operability. The delivered model is a multi-phase and includes both submerged part of ship’s hull and the surrounding water as a unique body. The Discrete Finite Element Method is applied. The model is successfully examined and illustrated for a selected AHTS
Simulation of Life Raft Motions on Irregular Wave - An Analysis of Situations Leading to Raft Capsizing
Authors: Kazimierska Olga
Published: June 2018

Successful rescue action at sea is based on a. o. a correct choice of rescue means and their reliability. Operational characteristics of life-saving appliances determine their performance in a given water area. Therefore they affect duration time of rescue action and decide this way on survival time of shipwrecked persons. This paper presents impact of characteristics of circular inflatable life rafts on their dynamics in a given sea environment. Particular issues dealing with raft motion were analyzed and their solutions were then presented in the form of computer programs built into MATLAB environment. The programs operate on the open choice basis–the user is requested to introduce data of a raft to be investigated. The program clearly informs which units should be used for the data. The obtained results allow to limit survivours searching area and simultaneously form the basis for working out a model of searched object drift motion. In this work the use was made of the results obtained from the KBN research project No. 4T12C03827 in which an attempt was made to analyzing capsize probability of a raft at given sea states. The raft investigated in the project is also used as a reference raft in the computer programs developed in this work.
New Generation Stability Norms – How to Approach the Task
Authors: Kobyliński Lech
Published: June 2018

International stability norms included in the Code of Intact Stability 2008 adopted by IMO on 4 December 2008 constitutes the latest set of international requirements on intact stability of ships. However the requirements included in the Code, part of them compulsory (Included in the Part A of the Code), other only recommended (included in the Part B of the Code) are considered as not totally sufficient to assure safety of ships. Because of that, IMO decided that there would be the necessity to develop so called new generation stability criteria covering certain identified hazards, such as parametric resonance, loss of stability in the wave crest broaching, dead ship condition and excessive accelerations when rolling. Those criteria, or rather stability norms, are under development since 2008. The present approach, the work on which is well advanced, is however, not fully satisfactory and several important problems were discovered. This approach may need to be reconsidered or supplemented. The author in the paper presented discusses the weak points of the current approach and proposes possible different approach in order to make future ships safer from the stability point of view.
Comparison of Selected Parametric Methods for Prediction of Inland Waterways Ship Hull Resistance in Towing Tank Test
Authors: Karczewski Artur , Kozak Janusz
Published: June 2018

In the paper selected approximate methods for calculation of inland waterways ship resistance and their verification by towing tests, compared on the example of a small urban ferry, are presented. The test results are made for both the bare hull and the hull with appendages (skeg, azimuthal propeller). Significant differences between results of the theoretical methods and experimental ones, especially in the case of the model with skegs and propulsion, are pointed out. The purposefulness of using several parametric methods and the use of average results at the preliminary design stage were also discussed.
Hull Resistance of An Inland Waterway Vessel in Model Scale and in Full Scale
Authors: Tabaczek Tomasz , Zawiślak Maciej
Published: June 2018

Data from model tests of an inland waterway vessel in shallow water have been used by the authors to prepare the resistance prediction in full scale. The common ITTC-1978 extrapolation procedure was applied using form factor determined according to the Prohaska method and, separately, by fitting the approximation function to resistance data. At the same time a series of CFD computations of ship flow has been carried out in model scale and in full scale, with double-body model as well as including the effect of free surface. The results of computations were used to determine total resistance and form factor. The values of form factor determined using different methods are similar and relatively high in comparison to values being applied to conventional sea going ships. Resistance prediction according to the ITTC-1978 with form factor was compared to prediction without form factor. The relative difference of resistance amounts 28% at ship speed of 10 km/h and 24% at ship speed of 12 km/h.
Influence of Natural Conditions on the Imaging of the Bottom of the Gdańsk Bay by Means of the Side Scan Sonar
Authors: Witos-Okrasińska Dominika , Grelowska Grażyna , Kozaczka Eugeniusz
Published: June 2018

The interest in underwater resources is the reason for the development of modern hydroacoustic systems, including side sonars, which find numerous applications such as: research of seabed morphology and sediment characteristics, preparation of sea sediment maps, and even in special cases of biocenoses such as sea grass meadows, detection of specific targets at the bottom such as shipwrecks, mines, identification of suitable sites for maritime infrastructure. Such applications require precise information about the position of the objects to be observed. Errors affecting the depiction of the bottom using hydroacoustic systems can be divided into errors associated with improper operation of measuring and support devices, systematic errors and random errors. Systematic errors result from the changing conditions prevailing in the analyzed environment affecting the measurement system. The errors affecting the correct operation of hydroacoustic systems can include: changing angle of inclination of the beam caused by the vessel’s movement on the wave or refraction connected to changes in the sound speed as the depth function.
The Imaging of Gdansk Bay Seabed by Using Side Sonar
Authors: Grelowska Grażyna , Kozaczka Eugeniusz , Witos-Okrasińska Dominika , Szymczak Wojciech
Published: June 2018

This paper is mainly aimed at presentation of an impact of environmental conditions on imaging accuracy by using hydro-acoustic systems in waters of a high non-uniformity of spatial distribution of hydrological parameters. Impact of refraction on erroneous estimation of range, in case of wave radiation into water under a large angle, like in side sonars or multi-beam echo-sounders, is especially important. In this paper seasonal changes in sound speed and its impact on acoustic beam refraction is discussed. And, examples which illustrate errors in determination of side sonar range occurred during last investigations carried out in Gdansk Bay waters are presented.
Application of Rapid Prototyping Technology in the Manufacturing of Turbine Blade With Small Diameter Holes
Authors: Deja Mariusz , Dobrzyński Michał , Flaszyński Paweł , Haras Jacek , Zieliński Dawid
Published: June 2018

The article presents the possibilities++ of using Rapid Prototyping (RP) technology in the manufacturing of turbine blades with small diameter holes. The object under investigation was gas turbine blade with small diameter cooling holes and holes for generating longitudinal vortices. A turbine blade model was produced by means of Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) technology and subsequently validated in terms of detection and accuracy of the obtained holes. The application of the computer tomography and digital radiography technique resulted in obtaining a series of cross-sections of the turbine blade model with a series of holes. Particular attention was pointed out at the investigation of the locations of micro-holes with a diameter of 0.3 mm. It turned out that it was impossible to make such small holes by the RP method. In the following part the results of the study on the possibilities of making the micro-holes using electrical discharge method have been presented. In addition, proposition of further works such as the development of the considerations and issues discussed in this article, has been offered.
Assessment of Technological Usefulness of Panel Production Line in Shipbuilding Process
Authors: Urbański Tomasz , Graczyk Tadeusz , Taraska Michał , Iwańkowicz Remigiusz
Published: June 2018

This paper presents assessment of technological usefulness of panel production line in prefabrication process of large ship hull sections, in which special attention is paid to producibility of welding operations. Basing on the assessment these authors worked out hierarchy of analyzed sequences of welding technological processes as well as production line stands used for the processes. The assessment was performed on the basis of analysis of a concept of panel production line based on real production lines functioning in shipbuilding industry, as well as technical documentation of typical hull sections of a multi-purpose ferry. The presented analysis took into account impact of technological - constructional parameters onto producibility of welding process of prefabricated sections. Among these parameters the following were numbered: mass of the sections and number of their elements, total length of welds, labour consumption, material consumption as well as linear heat input in welding operations. On the basis of the achieved results, places which worsen effectiveness of production line operation were identified, as a result it was possible to formulate proposals for modernization of flow prefabrication line for hull sections.
Modeling of the Two-Dimensional Flow Caused by Sea Conditions and Wind Stresses on the Example of Dead Vistula
Authors: Zima Piotr
Published: June 2018

The article presents the results of two-dimensional modeling of flows caused by the sea conditions and wind stresses on the example of Dead Vistula. Based on the available bathymetric data, a numerical model of the river section was created, which was supplemented with data on the position of the water table depending on hydrometeorological conditions. To describe the flow field in steady conditions, a simplified model of two-dimensional flow in the form of the bi-harmonic Helmholtz equation for the current function has been adopted, taking into account additional impacts caused by wind stresses on the water surface. Then the current function was converted into the velocity vector components. This equation, supplemented with appropriate boundary conditions, has been solved numerically using the finite difference method. On the basis of the available literature, 4 variants of hydrometeorological conditions were adopted, depending on the direction and strength of wind and sea conditions. The obtained results were compared with the results of published measurements taken on the studied section of the river. These calculations were the basis for the implementation of a two-dimensional model of the spread of pollutants in the studied section of the Dead Vistula.
Influence of Lubricating Oil Improvers On Performance of Crankshaft Seals
Authors: Bzura Piotr
Published: June 2018

This paper presents an original method for checking influence of lubricating oil improvers on performance of crankshaft seals of combustion piston engine. Crankshaft seals were tested with the use of a modified friction node of T-02 four-ball apparatus in laboratory conditions. The tests were conducted according to a worked-out algorithm. Their results confirmed usefulness of the method for determining „harmful” performance of sealing systems, which makes it possible to assess operational usability of lubricating oil improvers. On the basis of an analysis of the results a scientific hypothesis saying that lubricating oil quality affects correctness of performance of crankshaft seals of combustion piston engine, was formulated. The hypothesis was verified by means of induction inference and statistical method with taking into account Fisher statistics.
Selected Combined Power Systems Consisted of Self-Ignition Engine and Steam Turbine
Authors: Olszewski Wojciech , Dzida Marek
Published: June 2018

This paper presents optimization of selected combined diesel engine-steam turbine systems. Two systems: the system combined with waste heat one-pressure boiler only and its version containing additionally low-pressure boiler proper feeding degasifier and the system of two-pressure cycle, were taken into considerations. Their surplus values of power output and efficiency associated with utilization of waste heat contained in piston engine exhaust gas were compared to each other. For the considerations two high-power low-speed engines were taken into account. The main engines of comparable power of about 54 MW produced by Wartsila and MAN Diesel & Turbo firms, were selected.
Comparison Analysis of Blade Life Cycles of Land-Based and Offshore Wind Power Plants
Authors: Tomporowski Andrzej , Piasecka Izabela , Flizikowski Józef , Kasner Robert , Kruszelnicka Weronika , Mroziński Adam , Bieliński Kazimierz
Published: June 2018

In recent years, the offshore wind power industry has been growing dynamically. A key element which decides upon power output of a wind power plant is blades. They are most frequently produced from polymers – laminates with epoxy resins and fiberglass. In the near future, when the blade life cycles are over, large amounts of waste material of this type will have to be reused. This paper presents a comparison analysis of the impact of particular material existence cycle stages of land-based and offshore wind power plant blades on the environment. Two wind power plant blades, of about 49 m in length each, were examined using the LCA method, the programme SimaPro, and Ekowskaźnik 99 modelling (phase LCIA).
Indices for Assessing Potential Environmental Hazard from Future Ship Scrapping Process, Determinable in Ship Design Stage
Authors: Liberacki Roman
Published: June 2018

This paper shortly presents the issue of utilization of ships after their withdrawal from service. Information on number of floating units liquidated in previous years was presented. Hazards to the environment, health and life of workers employed in the Far East ship scrapping yards operating on the beaches, were indicated. Then, the most important rules which have to make the ship recycling process safe were referred to. This author proposed to supplement the rules by environmental hazard indices which would be determined already in ship design stage. According to the concept the indices should take into account amount of dangerous substances used for building the ship as well as degree of their harmfulness (weighing factors). Two approaches to the issue of determining the weighing factors were proposed: deterministic and fuzzy.
From Coordination to Verbal Serialization – the PÓJŚĆ (Serial Verb) Construction in Polish
Authors: Andrason Alexander
Published: June 2018

The present paper studies the PÓJŚĆ gram in Polish – a construction composed of the verb pójść ‘walk’ and another inflected verb. The author demonstrates that the PÓJŚĆ can be represented as a set of stages on the path linking bi-clausality/bi-verbiness and monoclausal/mono-verbiness. Specifically, it spans the section ranging from a non-canonical, less cohesive instantiation of a serial verb construction (SVC) (in which it overlaps with asyndetic coordination) to a canonical instantiation of SVC (in which it complies with the SVC prototype to a large extent). Accordingly, the study corroborates the view that SVCs may derive from asyndetic coordination and, by accumulating properties associated with different parts of the clausality/verbiness continuum, gradually develop towards SVC. This gradualness is not only diachronic, but may also be observed synchronically.
Comparative Genre Analysis of Research Article Abstracts in More and Less Prestigious Journals: Linguistics Journals in Focus
Authors: El-Dakhs Dina Abdel Salam
Published: June 2018

The current study compares the rhetorical structure and metadiscourse of research article abstracts in more and less prestigious journals in Linguistics. To this end, 200 abstracts from peer-reviewed Linguistics journals that are indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus were compared with 200 abstracts extracted from peer-reviewed Linguistics journals that are not indexed in either of these two highly ranked databases. Using Hyland’s (2000) model of move analysis and Hyland’s (2005) taxonomy of metadiscourse, the study reveals that abstracts in less prestigious journals typically include longer moves for introduction, purpose and method while abstracts in more prestigious journals include significantly lengthier findings. As for metadiscourse, abstracts in less prestigious journals employ significantly more transitions, frame markers and evidentials whereas the abstracts in more prestigious journals exhibit a higher use of code glosses, hedges, boosters and self-mentions. The results are interpreted with reference to the types of journals, and pedagogical implications and new research directions are proposed.
A More Explicit Framework for Evaluating Objectivity and (Inter)Subjectivity in Modality Domain
Authors: Medadian Gholamreza , Mahabadi Dariush Nejadansari
Published: June 2018

In this paper we propose a more explicit framework for definition and evaluation of objectivity and (inter)subjectivity in the modality domain. In the proposed operational framework, we make a basic distinction between the modality notions that serve an ideational function (i.e., dynamic modal notions) and those with an interpersonal function (i.e., deontic and epistemic evaluations). The modality notions with ideational and interpersonal functions are content and person-oriented, respectively. While all dynamic modal notions are characterized by objectivity, deontic and epistemic modal notions may display a degree of (inter)subjectivity depending on their embedding context. Our main claim is that (inter)subjectivity can hardly be argued to be the inherent property of certain modality forms and types, but rather it is essentially a contextual effect. We functionally-operationally define (inter)subjectivity as the degree of sharedness an evaluator attributes to an epistemic/deontic evaluation and its related evidence/deontic source. (Inter)subjectivity is realized by (at least) one or a combination of three contextual factors, viz. the embedding syntactic pattern, the linguistic context and the extralinguistic context of a modality marker. Since both descriptive and performative modal evaluations involve a degree of (inter)subjectivity, performativity, which refers to speaker’s current commitment to his evaluation, is viewed as an independent dimension within modal evaluations and plays no part in the expression of (inter)subjectivity.
The Past Perfect in Corpora and EFL/ESL Materials
Authors: Vandenhoek Tim
Published: June 2018

Corpora provide teachers and materials developers with the ability to ensure that the instructions they use in class and in teaching materials correctly reflect natural use. This paper examines the ways in which grammar reference books and two types of EFL/ESL materials present the past perfect aspect and whether they do so accurately. It will be argued that there are several issues concerning how these books present the grammar point. Many of the books surveyed provide incomplete explanations of when and how the form is used and several contain usage guidelines that are not supported by available corpus data. The paper ends with several recommendations to improve how the form is presented to teachers and learners.
The Effects of a Study-Abroad Experience on Pre-Service Foreign Language Teachers’ Teaching Philosophies
Authors: Tulgar Ayşegül Takkaç
Published: June 2018

With the globalization of the world and the ease to travel to different parts of the globe, the popularity of exchange programs for students has increased. Many students around the world apply such programs in order to have international learning experiences in which they can, besides educational purposes, meet new social and cultural values while introducing their native cultures. As study-abroad experiences have attracted attention regarding their various effects on the participants, research focusing on students participating in such programs may provide useful insight on their contributions to pre-service teachers’ teaching philosophies. Therefore, this study is intended to investigate the effects of a study-abroad experience on the way three pre-service teachers perceived the teaching profession and whether it modified their teaching philosophy. The data were collected through reflection reports and semi-structured interviews with three Turkish pre-service teachers who spent a semester in Hungary on a study-abroad experience. Content analysis was adopted for data analysis. The results revealed that the participants developed in terms of their linguistic, personal, social, cultural and educational understanding, which in turn contributed to their perceptions and conceptions of the teaching profession and caused them to adjust their teaching philosophies. In the light of these results, some suggestions are provided.
Linking Virtual and Physical Mobility: A Success Story of a Multilingual and Multicultural Exchange
Authors: Griggio Lisa
Published: June 2018

The article presents a scientific analysis of a practical application of multilingual and multicultural education at higher education, more specifically, the description of the eTandem project developed and launched by the Language Center of the University of Padua, which won the European Language Label (ELL) in December 2016. The project was selected and nominated since it provides a methodological approach and study strategies which favour multilingualism, mobility for young people and inclusiveness. The project is based on an online exchange between Italian students enrolled at the University of Padua and international students who will be coming to the University. It differs from many other telecollaboration projects in that it involves different languages, levels of language competence as well as various ways of interaction. Indeed, it implies three different ways of communication among participants: (1) one-to-one partnership in the students’ target language; (2) many-to-many interaction in Italian and/or English/French/Spanish as linguae francae on a Moodle platform and/or in a social Facebook area; (3) one-to-many multilingual interaction carried out by e-tutors in Facebook. They provide students with useful links regarding cultural events and things to do in Padua and its surroundings, as well as recent news and interesting linguistic and cultural issues related to different countries. Mobility, informality, autonomy, reciprocity, friendship, fun and multilingual community are the key words of this initiative whose objectives are aimed at developing linguistic, cultural, personal, social and digital skills in different languages, even in the less used and less taught ones.
Translator’s Preface as a Genre: A Comparative Analysis of Lithuanian and English Prefaces
Authors: Bikmanienė Milda
Published: June 2018

Translations serve as a right to the international existence as they allow the national literature to reach wider audiences. Moreover, they allow readers to get acquainted with literature of other cultures. For these reasons, translators have an important role in the literary world. Translators’ prefaces are the main link between readers and translators. However, there is a lack of analysis of this specific genre. This research aims at analysing translator’s preface as a genre and examining differences and similarities of genre features in Lithuanian and English prefaces. 30 Lithuanian and 30 English translators’ prefaces are analysed according to genre elements, such as the format, genre moves and functions. The analysis covers a wide range of examples of both Lithuanian and English fiction books. For this reason, the analysed translators’ prefaces are published in different years, are translated by different translators and are published by different publishing houses. It may be noted, that the analysis reveals that Lithuanian translators tend to be more invisible in their prefaces than English translators. They focus on the author and provide little of their own evaluation and explicit explanations on translation issues. However, English translators focus on the translation process and the subjective analysis. The analysis also demonstrates that the basic format of prefaces is beginning with a title and ending with a signature.
Study of Potential Flood and Landslide Susceptibility Based on Geomorphological Characteristics In Sub-Watershed of Gelis, Keling, Jepara
Authors: Rahma Ayu Dyah , Mardiatno Djati
Published: June 2018

Floods and landslides disaster are routine events in Jepara Regency every rainy season. The selected research area is Gelis Sub-watershed located on the north side of Muria volcano. The purpose of this study was identification of geomorphological characteristics and variety of landform in Gelis Sub-watershed for susceptibility analysis of floods and landslides. The method used in this research is survey with purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was performed with the disaster susceptibility using GIS spatial analysis with assisted using ILWIS by applying SMCE method. The weights consistent (eigenvector) resulted from the processing of AHP. The result of reserach are geomorphology map and susceptibility map of flood and landslide in scale 1: 50.000. Sub-watershed Gelis has a complex geomorphological characteristics with variations in landforms such as the volcanic middle slope, volcanic lower slope, volcanic foot, volcanic foot plain, interfluve of volcanic foot, interfluve of volcanic foot plain, floodplain, and fluvio volcanic plain. Gelis Sub-watershed otherwise prone to floods and landslides disaster based on susceptibility mapping results. There are three classes of susceptibility, which are high, moderate, and low. High susceptibility are in the landform of volcanic middle slope and most of volcanic foot.
Incremental and Iterative Learning of Answer Set Programs from Mutually Distinct Examples
Authors: Mitra Arindam , Baral Chitta
Published: June 2018

Over these years the Artificial Intelligence (AI) community has produced several datasets which have given the machine learning algorithms the opportunity to learn various skills across various domains. However, a subclass of these machine learning algorithms that aimed at learning logic programs, namely the Inductive Logic Programming algorithms, have often failed at the task due to the vastness of these datasets. This has impacted the usability of knowledge representation and reasoning techniques in the development of AI systems. In this research, we try to address this scalability issue for the algorithms that learn Answer Set Programs. We present a sound and complete algorithm which takes the input in a slightly different manner and perform an efficient and more user controlled search for a solution. We show via experiments that our algorithm can learn from two popular datasets from machine learning community, namely bAbl (a question answering dataset) and MNIST (a dataset for handwritten digit recognition), which to the best of our knowledge was not previously possible. The system is publicly available at https://goo.gl/KdWAcV.
Міжкультурна консолідація як запорука національної єдності та стабільності в Україні
Authors: Afanasyeva Lyudmila , Glinska Lyudmila
Published: June 2018

У статті здійснено аналіз основних факторів міжкультурної консолідації українського суспільства. Процес консолідації проаналізовано в таких основних площинах, як міжкультурна взаємодія та порозуміння, подолання стереотипів, міжкультурна комунікація й діалог культур, етнічна неоднорідність українського суспільства та соціальна напруженість як загроза національній та політичній стабільності. Наголошено, що міжкультурна взаємодія та діалог культур може сприяти процесу зближення етнічних культур, стимулювати їх розвиток і забезпечувати міжнаціональну злагоду й консолідацію суспільства.

Установлено, що в процесі міжкультурної комунікації взаємодіючі сторони повинні виходити з усвідомлення залежності однієї культури від іншої, розуміння цінностей іншої культури. Це забезпечує взаєморозуміння, що ґрунтується на взаємоповазі й не обмежується лише толерантністю та терпимістю. Усвідомлення й прийняття цих аспектів є основою успішної і позитивної міжкультурної взаємодії, що сприятиме зростанню розуміння в міжкультурній комунікації. Виключно на цій основі слід діяти, щоб створити атмосферу довіри, рівності і терпимості, які забезпечують ефективну міжкультурну комунікацію.

Визначено, що культурна консолідація суспільства сьогодні означає процес об’єднання, згуртування груп громадян на основі їхніх переваг і певної ресурсної бази з метою артикуляції своїх інтересів та участі в розв’язанні соціальних проблем.
Соціологічна евалюація фармацевтичної діяльності: окреслення предметного поля
Authors: Knyazkov Stanislav
Published: June 2018

Упродовж останніх десятиліть триває розширення предметного поля соціології. Одним із таких піонерських та водночас практично орієнтованих напрямів є соціологічна еволюація функціонування системи охорони здоров’я. За умов реформування цієї системи особливого значення набуває сприйняття відповідних управлінських інновацій населенням. Відповідна трансформація політико-управлінських підходів до регулювання сфери охорони здоров’я й фармацевтичного сектору відбувається сьогодні в українському суспільстві. Предметне поле соціологічної евалюації функціонування фармацевтичної діяльності охоплює таке коло питань, як дослідження поінформованості громадян про спосіб організації забезпечення населення лікарськими засобами; виявлення чинників вибору лікарських засобів та впливу механізмів надання фармацевтичних послуг на поведінку споживачів лікарських засобів; оцінка ефективності заходів із реформування фармацевтичного сектору особами й групами, які причетні до цих процесів; з’ясування ступеня задоволеності споживачів лікарських засобів якістю, ціною лікарських препаратів, рівнем фармацевтичних послуг та ін.
Соціальна стратифікація суспільства: теоретична та емпірична інтерпретація поняття
Authors: Kuzmuk Olga
Published: June 2018

У статті здійснено аналіз поняття «соціальна стратифікація суспільства», вивчено дефініцію цього поняття, акцентовано також на виокремленні вимірів стратифікації та критеріїв, на підставі аналізу яких, можна робити висновок про виділення певних статусних груп й ідентифікацію певного індивіда або групи з певним соціальним класом чи статусною групою.

Інтерпретацію поняття «соціальна стратифікація суспільства» здійснено через поняття «соціальна нерівність». За основу взято дефініція соціальної стратифікації В. Ільїна, який визначає соціальну її як «ієрархічно впорядковану соціальну нерівність». Центральне місце в статті займає позиція про те, що закріпленість різних груп людей за відповідними родами діяльності і є основою соціальною нерівності, оскільки соціально-економічний розподіл праці – це причина та наслідок привласнення одними людьми влади, власності й, відповідно, позбавлення права на володіння цими привілеями інших людей. Цей феномен відображено в концепції «інституціоналізація соціальної нерівності» П. Штомпки, аналіз якої теж здійснено у цій розвідці.

Емпіричну інтерпретацію концепту «соціальна стратифікація» реалізовано за допомогою виокремлення трьох автономних вимірів соціальної стратифікації: влади (політичний статус), власності (економічний статус) та престижу (освітньо-професійний статус).
Компетентнісний підхід у викладанні студентам-соціологам методології та організації наукових досліджень у галузі
Authors: Lishchuk-Torchynska Tetiana
Published: June 2018

Викладання курсу розглянуто в загальному контексті підвищення якості знань у вищій школі та формування загальних і фахових компетентностей магістрів у сфері наукового пошуку. У статті визначено необхідні для освоєння магістрами базові джерела: праці М. Вебера та Р. Мертона із соціології науки, П. Бурдьє – із соціології освіти й науки, текст Райта Ч. Міллса – про соціологічну уяву, праця У. Еко – із семіотики тесту тощо – заради формування поняття про науку як систему знання, соціальний інститут, професійну діяльність. Підкреслено, що наукова діяльність неможлива поза визначеністю соціальної позиції вченого, сутність чого полягає в здатності бути критичним, утілювати в практику наукової роботи іманентну, за визначенням статусу науковця, опозиційність вченого. Розглянуто конкретні завдання з розвитку критичної перспективи й окремі способи злучення магістрів-соціологів до практики наукової творчості. Обґрунтовано необхідність ознайомлення магістрів-соціологів із сучасними вимогами наукового співтовариства до вченого за допомогою окреслення моделі авторського профілю науковця та процедури створення унікального ідентифікатора вченого, з можливостями використання у науковій роботі ресурсів міжнародних баз наукометричних даних. Підкреслено, що наукова робота передбачає значно більше обов’язків, аніж продукування дослідником нового істинного знання а, отже, вимагає від науковця оволодіння все новими компетентностями.
Споживчі практики як тип повсякденних практик у сучасному українському суспільстві
Authors: Liubchuk Valentyna
Published: June 2018

Споживчі практики визначаються як тип повсякденних практик, що характеризуються наявністю учасників (споживачів), специфікою діяльності, яка є повсякденною та узвичаєною, формується в контексті певної культури та зазнає впливу як зовнішніх, так і внутрішніх змін. Артикуляція споживчих практик полягає в зростаючому інтересі до проблеми споживання, типів споживачів, форм споживання. Реконфігурація споживчих практик визначає характер таких практик, виходячи з культурних та соціальних умов розвитку суспільства. Так, багатство, заможність тривалий період у нашій країні були в статусі маргінальності. На сьогодні бути багатим – бажаний статус для багатьох громадян. Найбільше сучасні споживчі практики зазнають інших змін, пов’язаних із запозиченням зразків, норм, цінностей споживання інших країн та культур. Результати деяких соціологічних досліджень указують на погіршення економічного становища громадян України, що відображається й на їхніх споживчих уподобаннях. Отже, споживчі практики громадян із низьким рівнем доходів характеризуються економією, заощадливістю, відмовою від закупок на тривалий час. Водночас споживчі практики більш заможних верств населення мають тенденцію до розширення напрямів витрат, зокрема на платну освіту або медицину, на дозвілля й відпочинок, на здоров’я тощо, які для них поступово можуть ставати повсякденними.