bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of varying group sizes on performance, body defects, and productivity in broiler chickens
Authors: Sarıca Musa , Karakoç Koray , Erensoy Kadir
Published: May 2022

Abstract. This study aimed to determine the changes in the performance, welfare, and productivity level of broiler chickens reared at various group sizes
(GS3000, GS4000, GS6000, and GS20 000) under intensive field conditions. The study was carried out according to a randomized block design with
four different group sizes (GS) in three trials. Weekly body weights (BWs) were determined randomly in 150 individuals from each GS group. Feed intake (FI),
feed conversion ratio (FCR), and European production efficiency factor (EPEF) were determined for each GS treatment. Body defects (footpad
dermatitis, FPD, hock burn, HB, and the breast burn, BB) were measured randomly in 150 chickens
(75 male and 75 female) from each group using a visual scoring system with a 0–3 scale. At 1 and 2 weeks of age, GS3000 broilers had similar BW
to GS6000 and higher than GS4000 and GS20 000. However, this situation changed at 6 weeks of age and the male chickens in GS6000 became heavier
than in GS3000, GS4000 and GS20 000 (P = 0.007). No differences in mean values of temperature, humidity, air velocity and litter moisture
levels were observed among GS treatments. GS3000 and GS4000 chickens had significantly lower levels of FPD, HB, and BB than chickens reared in
GS6000 and GS20 000 (P < 0.001). The EPEF values from highest to lowest were 425.8, 404.5, 358.8, and 354.0 in the GS6000 GS3000, GS4000, and
GS20 000 groups, respectively. In conclusion, our study results showed that rearing in groups of 6000 broilers had both better performance and higher
overall productivity than other groups but tended to show more severe body defects.
Effective uncertainty quantification for multi-angle polarimetric aerosol remote sensing over ocean, Part 1: performance evaluation and speed improvement
Authors: Gao Meng , Knobelspiesse Kirk , Franz Bryan , Zhai Peng-Wang , Sayer Andrew , Ibrahim Amir , Cairns Brian , Hasekamp Otto , Hu Yongxiang , Martins Vanderlei , Werdell Jeremy , Xu Xiaoguang
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Multi-angle polarimetric (MAP) measurements can enable detailed characterization of aerosol microphysical and optical properties and improve atmospheric correction in ocean color remote sensing. Advanced retrieval algorithms have been developed to obtain multiple geophysical parameters in the atmosphere-ocean system. Theoretical pixel-wise retrieval uncertainties based on error propagation have been used to quantify retrieval performance and determine the quality of data products. However, standard error propagation techniques in high-dimensional retrievals may not always represent true retrieval errors well due to issues such as local minima and nonlinearity of radiative transfer near the solution. In this work, we analyze these theoretical uncertainty estimates and validate them using a flexible Monte Carlo approach. The Fast Multi-Angular Polarimetric Ocean coLor (FastMAPOL) retrieval algorithm, based on several neural network forward models, is used to conduct the retrievals and uncertainty quantification on both synthetic HARP2 (Hyper-Angular Rainbow Polarimeter 2) and AirHARP (airborne version of HARP2) datasets. In addition, for practical application of the technique to uncertainty evaluation in operational data processing, we use the automatic differentiation method to calculate derivatives analytically based on the neural network models. Both the speed and accuracy associated with uncertainty quantification for MAP retrievals are addressed in this study. Pixel-wise retrieval uncertainties are further evaluated for the real AirHARP field campaign data. The uncertainty quantification methods and results can be used to evaluate the quality of data products, and guide MAP algorithm development for current and future satellite systems such as NASA’s Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission.
 Flooding applications enabled by high resolution, high cadence imagery from the Planet Labs PBC constellation of satellites 
Authors: Zajic Brittany , Roy Samapriya
Published: May 2022

Flooding is the most common and costliest global natural disaster, accounting for 43% of all recorded events in the last 20 years and expected to increase the global cost of flooding tenfold by 2030. Satellite imagery has proven beneficial for numerous flood use cases from historical modeling, situational awareness and extent, to risk forecasting. The addition of high resolution, high cadence satellite imagery from Planet Labs PBC has been widely adopted by the flood community, from researchers in academia to private companies in the insurance and financial services. 

Planet Labs PBC currently operates over 200 satellites, comprising the largest constellation of Earth observation satellites. The PlanetScope dataset consists of broad coverage, always-on imaging of the entire landmass by 140+ Dove satellites at 3.7 meter resolution. Complementary to PlanetScope, the SkySat dataset includes 21 high resolution satellites imaging at .50 meter resolution with the ability to image and video any location on Earth via automated tasking commands. This presentation will highlight Planet’s capabilities serving the hydrological science community and cutting-edge flood research and technology.
A merged continental planetary boundary layer height dataset based on high-resolution radiosonde measurements, ERA5 reanalysis, and GLDAS
Authors: Guo Jianping , Zhang Jian , Chen Tianmeng , Bai Kaixu , Shao Jia , Sun Yuping , Li Ning , Wu Jingyan , Li Rui , Li Jian , Guo Qiyun , Cohen Jason B. , Zhai Panmao , Xu Xiaofeng , Hu Fei
Published: May 2022

Abstract. The planetary boundary layer (PBL) is the lowermost part of the troposphere that governs the exchange of momentum, mass and heat between surface and atmosphere. To date the radiosonde measurements have been extensively used to estimate PBLH; suffering from low spatial coverage and temporal resolution, the radiosonde data is incapable of providing the diurnal description of PBLH across the globe. To fill this data gap, this paper aims to produce a temporally continuous PBLH dataset during the course of a day over the global land by applying the machine learning algorithms to integrate high-resolution radiosonde measurements, ERA5 reanalysis, and GLDAS product. This dataset covers the period from 2011 to 2021 with a temporal resolution of 3-hour and a horizontal resolution of 0.25°×0.25°. The radiosonde dataset contained around 180 million profiles over 370 stations across the globe. The machine learning model was established by taking 18 parameters derived from ERA5 reanalysis and GLDAS as input variables while the PBLH biases between radiosonde observations and ERA5 reanalysis were used as the learning targets. The input variables were presumably representative regarding the land properties, near-surface meteorological conditions, terrain elevations, lower tropospheric stabilities, and solar cycles. Once a state-of-the-art model had been trained, the model was then used to predict the PBLH bias at other grids across the globe with parameters acquired or derived from ERA5 and GLDAS. Eventually, the merged PBLH can be taken as the sum of the predicted PBLH bias and the PBLH retrieved from ERA5 reanalysis. Overall, this merged high-resolution PBLH dataset was globally consistent with the PBLH retrieved from radiosonde observations both in magnitude and spatiotemporal variation, with a mean bias of as low as –0.9 m. The dataset and related codes are publicly available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6498004 (Guo et al., 2022), which are of significance for a multitude of scientific research and applications, including air quality, convection initiation, climate and climate change, just to name a few.
Technical Note: colab_zirc_dims: a Google-Colab-based Toolset for Automated and Semi-automated Measurement of Mineral Grains in LA-ICP-MS Images Using Deep Learning Models
Authors: Sitar Michael C. , Leary Ryan J.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Collecting grain measurements for large detrital zircon age datasets is time-consuming, but a growing number of studies suggest such data are essential to understanding complex roles of grain size and morphology in grain transport and as indicators for grain provenance. We developed the colab_zirc_dims Python package to automate deep-learning-based segmentation and measurement of mineral grains from scaled images captured during laser ablation at facilities that use Chromium targeting software. The colab_zirc_dims package is implemented in a collection of freely accessible, ready-to-run Google Colab notebooks with additional functionalities for dataset preparation and semi-automated grain segmentation and measurement using a simple graphical user interface. Our automated grain measurement algorithm approaches human measurement accuracy when applied to a manually measured n = 5,004 detrital zircon dataset, but persistent errors necessitate semi-automated measurement for production of publication-quality datasets. We estimate that our semi-automated grain segmentation workflow will enable users to collect grain measurements for large (n ≥ 5,000), applicable datasets in under a day of work, and we hope that the colab_zirc_dims toolset allows more researchers to augment their detrital geochronology datasets with grain measurements.
Earth system modeling of mercury using CESM2 – Part 1: Atmospheric model CAM6-Chem/Hg v1.0
Authors: Zhang Peng , Zhang Yanxu
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Most global atmospheric mercury models use offline and
reanalyzed meteorological fields, which has the advantages of higher
accuracy and lower computational cost compared to online models. However,
these meteorological products need past and/or near-real-time observational
data and cannot predict the future. Here, we use an atmospheric component
with tropospheric and stratospheric chemistry (CAM6-Chem) of the
state-of-the-art global climate model CESM2, adding new species of mercury
and simulating atmospheric mercury cycling. Our results show that the newly
developed online model is able to simulate the observed spatial distribution
of total gaseous mercury (TGM) in both polluted and non-polluted regions
with high correlation coefficients in eastern Asia (r=0.67) and North
America (r=0.57). The calculated lifetime of TGM against deposition is
5.3 months and reproduces the observed interhemispheric gradient of TGM with
a peak value at northern mid-latitudes. Our model reproduces the observed
spatial distribution of HgII wet deposition over North America (r=0.80) and captures the magnitude of maximum in the Florida Peninsula. The
simulated wet deposition fluxes in eastern Asia present a spatial distribution
pattern of low in the northwest and high in the southeast. The online model
is in line with the observed seasonal variations of TGM at northern
mid-latitudes as well as the Southern Hemisphere, which shows lower
amplitude. We further go into the factors that affect the seasonal
variations of atmospheric mercury and find that both Hg0 dry deposition
and HgII dry/wet depositions contribute to it.
DeepISMNet: Three-Dimensional Implicit Structural Modeling with Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Bi Zhengfa , Wu Xinming , Li Zhaoliang , Chang Dekuan , Yong Xueshan
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Implicit structural modeling using sparse and unevenly distributed data is essential for various scientific and societal purposes ranging from natural source exploration to geological hazard forecasts. Most advanced implicit approaches formulate structural modeling as least-squares minimization or spatial interpolation problem and solve partial differential equations (PDEs) for a scalar field that optimally fits all the input data under smooth regularization assumption. However, the PDEs in these methods might be insufficient to model highly complex structures in practice and may fail to reasonably fit a global structure trend when the known data are too sparse. In addition, solving the PDEs with iterative optimization solvers could be computationally expensive in 3-D. In this study, we propose an efficient deep learning method using a convolution neural network to predict a scalar field from sparse structural data associated with multiple distinct stratigraphic layers and faults. Our deep learning architecture is beneficial for the flexible incorporation of empirical geological knowledge by training with numerous and realistic structural models that are automatically generated from a data simulation workflow. It also presents an impressive characteristic of integrating various types of structural constraints by optimally minimizing a hybrid loss function to compare predicted and reference structural models, opening new opportunities for further improving geological modeling. Moreover, the deep neural network, after training, is highly efficient to predict implicit structural models in practical applications. The capacity of our approach for modeling highly deformed geological structures is verified by using both synthetic and real-world datasets, where the produced models are geologically reasonable and structurally consistent with the inputs.
Impact of physical parameterizations on wind simulation with WRF V3.9.1.1 over the coastal regions of North China at PBL gray-zone resolution
Authors: Yu Entao , Bai Rui , Chen Xia , Shao Lifang
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Reliable simulation of wind patterns that form under stable weather conditions is vital to prevent air pollution. Here, we investigated how different physical parameterization schemes impact surface wind simulations over the coastal regions of North China using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with a horizontal resolution of 0.5 km. We performed 640 ensemble simulations using multiple combinations of 10 planetary boundary layer (PBL), 16 microphysics (MP), and four longwave/shortwave (LW/SW) radiation schemes. Model performance was evaluated using measurements from weather station observations. These data show that WRF model can reproduce the temporal variation of wind speed and direction to a high degree of accuracy. The simulated wind speed is most sensitive to the PBL schemes, followed by LW/SW radiation schemes and MP schemes, while wind direction is less sensitive to variation of the physical parameterizations. Among all PBL schemes, the MYJ scheme shows the strongest correlation with observation data, while the YSU scheme had the smallest model bias. A combined Dudhia and RRTM scheme and MYDM7 scheme show the best model performances out of all LW/SW radiation and MP schemes, respectively. Our results show that the interactions among physical components also play an important role in wind simulations. Further investigations indicate that land type has a profound influence on model sensitivity. For example, for the weather stations located in coastal regions. The MYNN scheme showed the highest correlation among all PBL schemes, while LES and YSU has the smallest model errors, the RRTMG and Goddard schemes showed the highest correlations and smallest biases out of all LW/SW radiation schemes. Our results indicate the roles that various parameterization schemes play in wind simulations under stable weather conditions, and provide a valuable reference for further research in this region and in other locations around the world.
Glaciers are for girls: the inaugural expedition of Girls on Ice Austria succeeded in empowering nine young women in August 2021
Authors: Lodes Emma B.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Girls on Ice Austria, an organization that encourages young women
to stretch themselves through wilderness and glacier travel, camping,
science and art, successfully completed their inaugural expedition in August
2021. Nine girls from Austria, Germany and Italy joined science instructors
specializing in glaciology and meteorology, two professional artists (an
actress and a painter), and a professional mountain guide for an all-female,
week-long expedition to Bachfallferner glacier in the Ötztal. The team
learned basic mountaineering and climbing skills, conducted scientific
experiments including measuring the daily melt rate of Bachfallferner
glacier, and pushed their creative boundaries. The all-female nature of
Girls on Ice, and Inspiring Girls Expeditions (the umbrella organization) is
meant to show young girls that women are capable of successfully filling
traditionally male roles (such as in glaciology and mountaineering), to
introduce the next generation of girls to the world of mountains and
glaciers, and to encourage them to bravely and confidently pursue these
career paths.
THE INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH FORUMS ON STATISTICAL REASONING, THINKING AND LITERACY: SUMMARIES OF PRESENTATIONS AT STRL-2
Authors: READING CHRIS
Published: May 2022

This report includes a brief introduction to the Statistical Reasoning, Thinking and Literacy (SRTL) Research Forum Program, an overview of SRTL-2 and STRL-3, and summaries of each of the SRTL-2 presentations.
First published May 2002 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
STATISTICAL LITERACY: A COMPLEX HIERARCHICAL CONSTRUCT
Authors: WATSON JANE , CALLINGHAM ROSEMARY
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was, first, to provide evidence to support the notion of statistical literacy as a hierarchical construct and, second, to identify levels of this hierarchy across the construct. The study used archived data collected from two large-scale research projects that studied aspects of statistical understanding of over 3000 school students in grades 3 to 9, based on 80 questionnaire items. Rasch analysis was used to explore an hypothesised underlying construct associated with statistical literacy. The analysis supported the hypothesis of a unidimensional construct and suggested six levels of understanding: Idiosyncratic, Informal, Inconsistent, Consistent non-critical, Critical, and Critical mathematical: These levels could be used by teachers and curriculum developers to incorporate appropriate aspects of statistical literacy into the existing curriculum. 
First published November 2003 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
SPSS: TEXTBOOKS: A REVIEW FOR TEACHERS
Authors: MILLS JAMIE D.
Published: May 2022

Many teachers and researchers use the Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) software for instructional and/or research purposes. Because of the comprehensive nature and features of this program, there are various textbooks available that may offer teachers and practitioners a more concise way to analyze and discuss many of the topics that are typically taught in statistics courses. These textbooks differ on many different features, such as level of the audience, complexity of statistical procedures discussed, degree of interpretation of statistics/output, amount of detail discussed on the basic mechanics, accessibility of data files, and student exercises. This paper is written to offer teachers and researchers a review of some of the most popular SPSS textbooks that are available today by utilizing evaluation criteria previously discussed in the literature. This review can provide a starting point for teachers to explore features of the various SPSS textbooks as well as to consider what book is most appropriate based on their own teaching style. Comments from teachers who use the software, limitations of the review, and a table of other ancillary textbook data conclude the paper.
First published November 2003 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
La caza mayor como actividad económica sostenible en el proceso de despoblación del medio rural de Extremadura
Authors: Rengifo Gallego Juan Ignacio , Campesino Fernández Antonio-José , Sánchez Martín José Manuel , Martín Delgado Luz María
Published: May 2022

La caza es un recurso de los espacios rurales que es objeto de aprovechamiento tradicional. En el contexto actual, se concibe como actividad económica que contribuye a la creación de empleo en municipios inmersos en una profunda regresión demográfica, siempre y cuando se practique de forma sostenible. El objetivo de este trabajo se centra en analizar la distribución geográfica de los cotos de caza mayor de Extremadura y la dinámica demográfica en la que están inmersos los municipios afectados. Para el análisis se ha recurrido a comparar las estadísticas oficiales de ambas variables. Los resultados obtenidos permiten acreditar la amplia distribución territorial de los cotos de caza mayor, en clara expansión durante los últimos años, por las diferentes unidades fisiográficas, y la tendencia demográfica regresiva que sufren los municipios donde se ubican. Como resultado de ello, proponemos una discusión en la que se incluyen medidas que puedan contribuir a generar una mayor repercusión económica en el medio rural.
El cosmopolitismo a la luz de la allagmática
Authors: Hernández Cuevas Luis Armando
Published: May 2022

El escrito, adentrándose en la teoría allagmática de Gilbert Simondon, tiene como objetivoprovocarle al concepto de cosmopolitismo variantes ontológicas, epistemológicas y éticas. Se piensa,dichas variantes, al romper con los primados sustancialitas que sitúan el principio de individuación comoalgo consumado, idean un horizonte de sentido que se muestra capaz de expresar al cosmopolitismo,no como un ideal regulativo, sino como un proceso. De este modo, pensar al cosmopolitismo como unproceso, reclama asumir los movimientos ontológicos, epistemológicos y éticos, no como abstracciones,sino como devenires-límite que reclaman examinar cómo es que nos creamos. Por lo anterior, en elescrito se afirma junto a Simondon: el cosmopolitismo pensado a la luz de la allagmática involucra laproducción de movimientos capaces de afirmar disímiles modos de existencia. El cosmopolitismo esun proceso siempre por hacer y por afirmar en el que nos jugamos la posibilidad de expresar una vidadigna.
La antropología al servicio de la ciencia moral en Nemesio de Emesa
Authors: Buganza Jacob
Published: May 2022

Este trabajo se propone recuperar las tesis antropológicas centrales del De natura hominis deNemesio de Emesa, autor cristiano del siglo V. La perspectiva desde la cual se aborda dicha obra es lafilosofía moral, como ha sugerido Telfer. Siguiendo dicha horma, el autor busca poner de realce cómolas características centrales del ser humano que plantea Nemesio se relacionan con las virtudes morales.
Rodríguez, R. y Jaran, F. (eds.): El proyecto de una antropología fenomenológica, Guillermo Escolar, Madrid, 2021, 316 pp.
Authors: Blaya Melchor Eva
Published: May 2022

Reseña de la obra de Rodríguez, R. y Jaran, F. (eds.): El proyecto de una antropología fenomenológica, Guillermo Escolar, Madrid, 2021, 316 pp.
La conferencia de Giovanni Gentile “El concepto de historia de la filosofía”. Introducción y traducción
Authors: Zúnica García Alfonso
Published: May 2022

El artículo presenta una traducción al español de la conferencia tenida en italiano por Giovanni Gentile el 10 de enero de 1907 en la Università di Palermo. La traducción está precedida por una introducción dividida en tres secciones. En la primera sección se expone la relevancia del pensamiento de Gentile y del idealismo en general en Italia durante todo el s. XX, contraponiéndolo a la escasa recepción que este movimiento ha tenido en el ámbito académico del español. En la segunda sección, se reconstruyen las etapas de publicación de la conferencia. Y, por último, en la tercera se presenta la relación y relevancia de la conferencia palermitana en el desarrollo posterior del pensamiento de Gentile y en su relación intelectual con Benedetto Croce.
Actualidad y proyección de la tradición escolástica: filosofía, justicia y economía
Authors: Gómez Díez Francisco Javier , Cendejas Bueno José Luis , Prieto López Leopoldo J.
Published: May 2022

El trabajo pretende encuadrar teórica e históricamente y presentar un conjunto de artículos sobre la actualidad y proyección de la tradición escolástica. El punto de partida es el giro antropológico que, en el seno de la escolástica y al principio del siglo XIV, privilegió el estudio de las ciencias prácticas, en particular la ética, el derecho y la política y, en consecuencia, el obligado desarrollo de una teología moral preocupada por la convivencia humana. La segunda escolástica, prolongando esta tradición a lo largo de los siglos XVI y XVII, no pudo permanecer ajena a las implicaciones de los profundos cambios que estaban teniendo lugar: el Descubrimiento de América, la Reforma protestante el desarrollo de un protocapitalismo comercial y el fortalecimiento de las monarquías. Conforme la Reforma se consolidaba en buena parte de los territorios europeos, entre las diversas confesiones se levantaron fronteras intelectuales. No obstante -y este es el centro de los trabajos presentados- estas fronteras resultaron porosas y, a pesar del clima de enfrentamiento, diversas vías de comunicación indirecta consiguieron mantener una única república intelectual.
Marli Wunder: fotografia e criação dinâmica
Authors: Leite Amanda Mauricio Pereira , Wunder Alik , Oliveira Junior Wenceslao Machado de
Published: May 2022

Este texto versa sobre o processo de criação da artista plástica brasileira Marli Wunder. Veremos como a artista lida com a matéria em seu fazer artístico até chegar àquilo que Tim Ingold (2017) anuncia como “dar vida às coisas”. A obra está intrinsecamente ligada à vida. A matéria das coisas, os atravessamentos, os afetos, as sensações e os sentidos também se dão no espaço do entre (coisa-imagem-pensamento). Faremos um mergulho em alguns processos criativos de Wunder para observar as redes que agenciam a criação. Veremos trechos do caderno da artista, os afetos e as linhas de força que fazem a obra operar, as pesquisas e como a invenção do seu trabalho é um processo dinâmico. Por fim, vamos observar como acontece a seleção e a coleta de materiais, e ainda aproximar o espaço da rua à casa da artista na tentativa de notar que estes lugares também funcionam como laboratórios abertos à criação.
O artista como cartógrafo de si: notas sobre o relato como ferramenta legitimadora
Authors: Bauchwitz Sofia Porto
Published: May 2022

O artigo trata de explicar o conceito de “artista errante” em um mundo que exige produção constante e adaptação às exigências do sistema da arte, e como o relato do artista, errante ou não, se manifesta em nossos dias como ferramenta cartográfica legitimadora, que marca o artista no mapa e facilita a leitura de seu trabalho. Para isto, levantou-se algumas metáforas sobre o mapa, a prática artística e alguns exemplos de discursos de artistas.
Para além do termo impressionista: o debate crítico e o caso viscontiano no Brasil
Authors: Alves Fabíola
Published: May 2022

Este artigo aborda a aproximação de Eliseu Visconti com o impressionismo. Apresenta uma revisão sobre a leitura de alguns críticos de arte durante as décadas de 1940 e 1950, Frederico Barata, Sérgio Milliet e Mário Pedrosa, que estabeleceu uma discussão acerca da contribuição de Visconti para o modernismo brasileiro mediante a introdução da pintura impressionista. Procura pensar o impressionismo como um modelo artístico absorvido por Visconti, assim para melhor compreender essa relação, busca-se entender o contexto de recepção do impressionismo na Europa e no Brasil, para pensar como o impressionismo é resignificado na obra de Visconti.
TASKS OF INFORMATION DEFENSE
Authors: Soloviov Serhii
Published: May 2022

The article continues the analysis of the concept of information defense proposed by the author in previously published works. The necessity of perception of information aggression on the same level as territorial aggression in order to ensure national security is proved. The tasks of information defense are considered, examples of information aggression are cited, and attention is focused on the problem of developing forms of state response to information aggression.
Características clínicas de pacientes con sepsis en una unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos de un hospital de segundo nivel.
Authors: Abreu Pérez Daysi , Ortega Suárez Lídice , Montero Álvarez Lourdes , Lacerda Gallardo Angel Jesús , Morales Suárez Irma Guadalupe , Espinosa Domínguez Madelaine
Published: May 2022

Introducción: En los últimos años, tanto la morbilidad como la mortalidad por sepsis se han incrementado paulatinamente. Objetivo: Caracterizar variables clínicas de los pacientes con sepsis ingresados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos del hospital Morón. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo prospectivo de los pacientes pediátricos ingresados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos por una Sepsis en el periodo comprendido entre enero de 2015 a diciembre 2018. El universo fue de 298 niños y la muestra de 113, los cuales se distribuyen en diferentes variables. Resultados: Predominan las edades de entre 2 y 5 años con 36 pacientes (31,9%) y el sexo femenino en 63 casos (55,7%). En la distribución de los estadíos al diagnóstico predominó fue la sepsis con 53 casos para un 46,9%, y el tiempo transcurrido entre la infección y la aparición de la sepsis fue de 0 a 3 horas en 43 casos. Existió asociación entre el shock séptico y dosis de volumen administrado a 60ml/kg de peso. La estadía que predominó en la serie fue entre 3 y 7 días en 41 pacientes. Conclusiones: Se realizó una caracterización clínica de los pacientes pediátricos con sepsis ingresados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos en el hospital Morón, que se clasifica dentro de los hospitales de segundo nivel de atención, durante 4 años, dentro de las variables principales se encuentra el predominio del estadio sepsis y la relación entre el choque séptico y la dosis de volumen a 60ml/kg de peso.
Consumo de cannabis y desarrollo de psicosis o esquizofrenia, análisis de la legislación actual y mapeo regional: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Alves da Silva Zunini Pablo Andres , Passamani Borges Guilherme , Almeida Tonon João Henrique , Nishimura Rafaela , Barrios Iván , O'Higgins Marcelo , Ruíz-Díaz Noelia , Almirón-Santacruz José , Navarro Rodrigo , Ventrigliio Antonio , Torales Julio , Sousa Martins-da-Silva Anderson , Castaldelli-Maia João Mauricio
Published: May 2022

Introducción: la relación entre el consumo de cannabis y la aparición de síntomas psicóticos está suficientemente fundamentada. La legalización y/o despenalización del cannabis podría aumentar la frecuencia y la cantidad de su consumo entre sus usuarios. Objetivo: esta revisión sistemática pretende resumir los hallazgos de los estudios que investigaron el riesgo, la precocidad y la intensidad de la psicosis en los consumidores de cannabis, teniendo en cuenta el estado de legalización y/o despenalización del consumo de cannabis en diferentes países. Metodología: fueron incluidos artículos publicados hasta mayo de 2018, en lengua inglesa, portuguesa y española, todos extraídos de las bases de datos PubMed y SciELO, respetando los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Resultados: se incluyeron 19 estudios de 18 países. La relación entre el consumo de cannabis y el inicio de síntomas psicóticos estuvo suficientemente fundamentada. Sin embargo, no hubo datos que respaldaran un aumento en el riesgo, la precocidad o la intensidad de la psicosis en los consumidores de cannabis de países con niveles más altos de legalización/despenalización del uso de cannabis hasta la fecha del presente estudio. Conclusión: el consumo de cannabis está asociado con el desarrollo de psicosis. Hasta el momento, no hay datos que indiquen un aumento en la precocidad, el riesgo o la intensidad de la psicosis en usuarios de cannabis, debido a la legalización o despenalización del uso de cannabis. Sin embargo, la ausencia de datos hasta la fecha no excluye estas posibilidades, ya que ninguno de los estudios analizados en esta revisión evaluó específicamente los efectos de las políticas de legalización/despenalización en esos resultados. Por ello, los estudios prospectivos centrados en los efectos de las políticas de legalización o despenalización deben llevarse a cabo en países como Canadá, España, los Estados Unidos de América (algunos estados), los Países Bajos y Uruguay.
REVIEWS, RESEARCH AND REPORTAGE: SJMC'S MONITOR OF NEWS AND VIEWS
Authors:   DEAN,	SCHOOL	OF	JOURNALISM	AND	MASS	COMMUNICATION APEEJAY	STYA	UNIVERSITY, AHIRWAL PROF. SANJAY
Published: May 2022

Prof. Sanjay Ahirwal has over 30 years of experience in Broadcast Journalism. He has been a political reporter who carved a niche in reporting from areas of conlict, including Iraq, Afghanistan, Lebanon, Kargil, the Central Indian Maoists affected areas and the North Eastern States. Before becoming the Editorial Head of NDTV India, the Hindi News Channel of NDTV, Sanjay was the Chief of Bureau and the National Political Bureau Chief of NDTV. In 2012, he moved to NDTV Worldwide as its Managing Editor. He has conducted workshops for broadcast journalists in Malaysia, Kenya, Tanzania, Bangladesh and in several states in India. He has been teaching students of Broadcast Journalism for more than 10 years. Sanjay has devised and implemented modules on ‘One Newsroom’ and ‘Art of Storytelling’ both for working professionals and students. Mr Ahirwal holds a Master’s Degree in English Literature from Delhi University and did B.A. (H) in English Literature from St. Stephen’s College, Delhi. He has also done the War Correspondents' Course conducted by the Ministry of Defence, GOI.
Le commissaire aux comptes dans la prévention des difficultés des entreprises : Un protagoniste incontournable
Authors: LAREJ ISSMAIL , ELGHMARI Omar , MAKHTARI Mohammed
Published: May 2022

Une entreprise est comme un corps humain, lorsqu'il tombe malade, plus le traitement est tardif, plus le rétablissement devient compliqué. Il en va de même lorsqu'une entreprise est en difficulté et qu'elle tarde à saisir la justice. La solution devient difficile. C'est pour cette raison que le législateur a promulgué une série de lois visant à inciter les entreprises à assurer la continuité de leurs activités au-delà des aspects négatifs du système de faillite qui ont conduit à leur exclusion de l'environnement économique. Aujourd’hui, le droit marocain n’est plus guidé par les intérêts de créancières victimes de la défaillance des débiteurs, mais plutôt, par la prévention des difficultés des entreprises, avant l'insolvabilité. La prévention est devenue primordiale pour augmenter les chances de corriger les difficultés des entreprises le plus en amont possible. Pour y parvenir, l’objet de notre article fera le tour d’une revue de littérature et d’actualité exhaustives et sera scindé en deux axes à savoir, dans un premier temps, L’esprit et le contenu de la prévention (II) : à savoir la notion d'entreprise en difficulté, puis le concept de prévention et enfin la Nouvelle Approche pour anticiper les difficultés des entreprises et d'autre part, le rôle et le degré d'intervention de l’auditeur légal dans la prévention (III) en présentant son domaine d'intervention, puis le déroulement de la procédure d’alerte du commissaires aux comptes et enfin des pistes d’amélioration du contenu de la prévention détection.
Treatment of congenital bipartite patella in pediatric population – a systematic review of the published studies
Authors: Soini Venla , Raitio Arimatias , Virkki Ella , Syvänen Johanna
Published: May 2022

Bipartite patella is an abnormality where patella is incorrectly ossified resulting in fibrocartilaginous synchondrosis. In most cases bipartite patella is asymptomatic and incidental finding but can also be painful especially in adolescents. The aim of our analysis was to determine the preferable treatment for pediatric bipartite patella.

We conducted a systematic review based on PubMed and Embase searches. All original articles with reference to treatment in the population of ≤ 20 years of age, were included. Case reports, and articles without individualized data were excluded. In total, the individual data of 126 knees in 116 patients was analyzed. In 77.8% (98/126) of the analyzed knees the result was excellent, and the majority of the knees, 89.7% (105/126) received surgical intervention, and seven different techniques were used. None of operative methods were superior to others. Excellent treatment outcomes were achieved more often in younger patients (p=0.004), and the median duration of symptoms in operatively treated patients was shorter (p=0.018).

If operative treatment is used after unsuccessful conservative treatment, it should be considered early in adolescence and also within a relatively short period after the onset of symptoms. The best operative method could not be found. More research and RCTs are needed concerning the conservative methods and different operative techniques.
Arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint using an intraosseous fixation device
Authors: Tytgat Hannes E , Wuite Sander , Matricali Giovanni A.
Published: May 2022

The complication rate for an arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint remains high. To improve results, we used a complete intraosseous fixation device (IOFIX) with proposed biomechanical advantages. Our hypothesis is that this technique has at least an equal union rate and less hardware irritation compared to other techniques. Seventy procedures were performed in 55 patients. Average follow-up was 24.5 months. All patients returned to follow-up after 6 weeks and were evaluated for union. Fifty-nine feet (84%) completed full follow- up. Union occurred in 62 of 70 feet (88.5%). Eight feet had nonunion at 1 year follow-up. Average time to fusion was 51 days. Three of 59 feet had malunion. No hardware removal was necessary. In conclusion, an MTP1 arthrodesis using IOFIX provides consistent and good functional outcomes. Due to the low-profile design, no hardware removal was necessary. However, union rates seem slightly lower compared to other techniques.
Effect of splint on pain, function and quality of life in trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis patients?
Authors: Gabriel C , Barbier O , David M , Manon J , Detrembleur C , Libouton X
Published: May 2022

Trapeziometacarpal (TM) Osteoarthritis is one of the most common osteoarthritis. It causes pain, loss of mobility and strength and affected function in daily life. Splint is one of the conservative treatments proposed to patients.

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of this conservative treatment on pain, function and quality of life at long-term.

We sent 193 questionnaires to patients who received a CMC splint for their TM osteoarthritis. The CMC splint immobilizes only the TM joint and leaves free the interphalangeal joint of the thumb and the wrist. First, we comptuted how many patients had finally undergone surgical treatment. On the non-operated patients, we analyzed the pain (VAS), the function (QuickDASH score) and the quality of life (SF-12). We compared the results to literature and norms.

Finally, 186 people could be included in the study ,115 we answered and 28 were operated on (24%). After 4 years (3.8±1.7 yrs) of conservative treatment, The VAS and QuickDASH scores were significantly worse comparatively to a cohort of healthy patients, trapezectomy and arthrodesis patients. The SF-12 scores were reduced from 20% comparative to norms. In conclusion, few patients had surgery after splinting as a conservative treatment. However, these non- operated patients do not provide good results.
Management of Sacred Groves and Customary Practices in Pursuit of Sustainable Forest Management
Authors: Kofi Sarfo-Adu Gordon , Kwabena Kokofu Henry , Aferdi Dadebo Mark , Nkrumah Gladys , Kwaku Galley David
Published: May 2022

The goal of this investigation was to identify the customary practices on sacred groves and how they can help in achieving sustainable forest management in Ghana. The study examines forest management, deforestation, and sustainable forest management concepts. A case study of Boabeng Fiema Monkey Sanctuary and Malshegu Sacred Groves was explored. Interviews with community members were executed. Also, some secondary data on these two sacred groves were equally examined. The study found that taboos and other cultural beliefs were used to protect the sacred grooves with little government support. The study recommends that the state should make laws through the environmental protection agency and the forestry commission to support the cultural practices to achieve sustainable forest management.
Fen Eğitimi Alanında Türkiye’de Yürütülmüş Doktora Tezlerinin Tematik Analizi
Authors: KAPLAN Ebru , SARAÇOĞLU Sibel , BEKTAS Oktay
Published: May 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de fen eğitimi alanında yürütülen doktora tezlerinin içerik analizini yapmaktır. Bu doğrultuda, nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak 2017-2021 yılları arasında yürütülen yedi doktora tezi incelenmiştir. Araştırmada durum çalışması deseni kullanılmıştır. Tezler konu alanları, amacı, metodolojisi, bulguları ve önerileri bakımından incelemeye tabi tutulmuştur. Verilerin analizi, içerik analizi ile yapılmış olup, kod ve kategoriler oluşturularak veriler analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda araştırmacılar kod ve kategoriler üzerinde fikir birliğine varmışlardır. Araştırma süreci iki fen eğitimcisi uzmanının kontrolünden geçirilmiştir. Ulaşılan sonuçlara göre tezlerin konu alanlarının yapılandırmacılık felsefesine dayalı, fen okur yazar birey yetiştirmeye yönelik ve güncel oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Tezlerin amaçlarının bilişsel beceri gelişimi, farkındalık oluşturmak ve görüş almak üzerine farklılaştığı görülmüştür. Tezlerin metodolojileri incelendiğinde ise dört çalışmanın durum çalışması deseninde yürütüldüğü, çalışma grubunun ortaokul öğrencileri olduğu, kullanılan veri toplama araçlarının çeşitlilik göstermesine rağmen, görüşmenin sıklıkla kullanıldığı ve verilerin analizlerinin betimsel ve içerik analizi ile yapıldığı belirlenmiştir. Tezlerden elde edilen bulguların amaçları doğrultusunda ortaya çıktığı ve elde edilen bulgulara ve süreçte yaşanan sıkıntılara yönelik önerilerde bulunulduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu bulgulara dayanarak, incelenen çalışmaların yapılandırmacılık felsefesini esas alarak güncel konuları temellendirmeleri önemli görülmektedir. Bu önem lisansüstü düzeyde fen okuryazarlığının gelişmesine katkıda bulunabilir. Bundan sonraki süreçte araştırmacılara yapılandırmacılığa dayalı çalışmalar yürütmeye devam etmeleri ve rehber aldıkları bu felsefeyi sonuç tartışmalarında ne düzeyde ele aldıklarını yansıtmaları önerilmiştir.
СИНТЕЗ И ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПРОЦЕССА ФАЗООБРАЗОВАНИЯ МАХ-ФАЗ ТИПА Ti3AlC2 МЕТОДОМ САМОРАСПРОСТРАНЯЮЩЕГОСЯ ВЫСОКОТЕМПЕРАТУРНОГО СИНТЕЗА
Authors: Мартиросян В.А. , Саакян Н.Г. , Сасунцян М.Э. , Чолахян Э.А. , Закарян Э.Г.
Published: May 2022

МАХ-фазы обладают необычным, а иногда и уникальным набором механических свойств. Это, в первую очередь, обусловлено природой их особого кристаллического строения, а также подвижностью дислокаций базисных систем скольжения даже
при комнатной температуре. Наиболее изученным представителем МАХ-фаз является
соединение Ti3AlC2. На основе этого соединения, полученного методом самораспространяющегося высокотемпературного синтеза (СВС), исследована возможность синтеза из смеси порошков Ti, Al и сажи, взятых при разных соотношениях МАХ–фаз
типа Ti3AlC2. Для обеспечения максимального выхода основного компонента исследованы процессы фазообразования полученного продукта. При нагреве смеси порошков
Ti, Al и сажи со скоростью нагрева 150 град/мин в среде гелия до 755°C с последующим охлаждением в качестве основного продукта получается МАХ-фаза Ti2AlC (90%).
Результаты предварительного эксперимента показали, что из смеси порошков
титана, алюминия и сажи методом СВС можно получить порошковый продукт, в котором максимальный выход основной МАХ-фазы на основе Ti3AlC2 составляет 90%.
Микроструктура такого МАХ-материала, синтезированного методами порошковой
металлургии (СВ синтеза), имеет слоистую, ламинатную природу и может стать хорошим сырьем для дальнейшего легирования данного соединения с различными металлами с целью развития порошковой металлургии в Армении. Фазовый и химический
анализы продуктов СВС показали формирование переходных зон переменного состава
на границе реагирующих составов при СВ синтезе МАХ–фаз. Результаты эксперимента подтверждены методом микрорентгеноспектрального анализа.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ТРИБОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ ФРИКЦИОННЫХ НАКЛАДОК ТОРМОЗНЫХ КОЛОДОК ВАГОНОВ МЕТРОПОЛИТЕНА
Authors: Меликсетян Н.Г. , Асчян Г.O. , Тадевосян Т.Ш.
Published: May 2022

Изучены эксплуатационные характеристики, рабочие условия, трибологические свойства и критерии работоспособности фрикционных накладок тормозных колодок вагонов метрополитена Республики Армения (РА). Проведен сравнительный
анализ трибологических свойств фрикционных материалов резинотехнических заводов Санкт-Петербурга (ОАО “АТИ”), Ярославля (ОАО “Фритекс”, ОАО “ТИИР”),
Барнаула (ООО “Барнаульский завод автоформованных термостойких изделий”),
Украины (ОАО “ТРИБО”) и композиционного материала “Бастенит-8” на
лабораторной установке ФМ-9 по ГОСТ Р ИСО 7881-94.
Показано, что средний коэффициент трения материалов с повышением температуры первоначально увеличивается и имеет максимальное значение при температурах 230...2700С. Далее при увеличении поверхностной температуры коэффициент
трения уменьшается до минимального значения при 300...3600С. Выше 3600С наблюдается повторное повышение коэффициента трения. Зависимость коэффициента трения выбранных материалов от поверхностной температуры выражается кривой, имеющей зону снижения в интервале 220…3600С.
Установлено, что существует два основных аспекта влияния теплового режима
на трибологические характеристики фрикционных материалов: 1) изменение физикомеханических свойств при низком теплонагружении фрикционного контакта (зона
повышения коэффициента трения); 2) изменения, обусловленные механохимическими
процессами и структурными превращениями поверхностных слоев при высоком
теплонагружении фрикционного контакта (зоны уменьшения и повторного повышения коэффициента трения при температурах выше 2500С).
Выявлено, что композиционный материал “Бастенит-8” обладает более высокими и стабильными трибологическими свойствами и удовлетворяет требованиям
ГОСТ 33724.1-2016. Приводятся рекомендации по дальнейшему проведению
дорожных эксплуатационных испытаний и применению “Бастенита-8” для
изготовления тормозных фрикционных накладок вагонов метрополитена.
СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ МЕТОДА ОЦЕНКИ
РАБОТОСПОСОБНОСТИ НАЗЕМНЫХ
ГАЗОТРАНСПОРТНЫХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: Стакян М.Г. , Пирумян Н.В. , Мартиросян А.В.
Published: May 2022

Показанo, что в магистральных газотранспортных системах, которые в основном прокладываются в открытой местности, их ответственные высоконагруженные
элементы конструкции (стыковые сварные швы и участки их расположения) подвержены атмосферным воздействиям и циклическому напряженному состоянию,
вызванными колебаниями подачи газа, температуры окружающей среды и погодных
условий, а также вибрационными процессами различного характера. Указанные факторы в совокупности инициируют возникновение и развитие коррозионно-усталостных повреждений и могут привести к растрескиванию и усталостному разрушению данных элементов. Классифицированы факторы, действующие на несущую
способность газопроводов, которые проявляются в комплексном виде, с различным
количеством и сочетаниями. Выбраны методы поверхностного упрочнения наружных
поверхностей швов и нанесения на них антикоррозионных защитных покрытий.
Рассмотрены физико-механические явления возникновения и развития коррозионноусталостных процессов и намечены способы повышения прочности и долговечности
трубопроводов с использованием в зоне стыковых сварных соединений новых коррозиезащитных полимерных покрытий (Belzona 1111). Произведена серия статических
испытаний стальных образцов с покрытием и без него в коррозионном растворе.
Подтверждена эффективность использования покрытия в наиболее ответственных
узлах трубопроводов. Предложен новый метод оценки несущей способности трубопроводов газотранспортных систем с учетом единичного и комплексно действующих
факторов в широком интервале долговечностей (N = 103…108 циклов) при различном
количестве и сочетаниях их действия. На основе системного анализа произведена
классификация факторов отрицательного и положительного воздействия и показано,
что основным из них, понижающим несущую способность, является сочетание
коррозионных и усталостных процессов