bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF A PORTFOPLIO OF FINACIAL PAYMENT OBLIGATIONS PROTECTED FROM SYSTEMATIC RISKS
Authors:   Chernivtsi Institute of Trade and Economics of SUTE, Chornovol Аlla , Drin Iryna ,   Chernivtsi Institute of Trade and Economics of SUTE
Published: November 2023

Developing a model for studying banking operations related to financial risk seems to be very promising. Banks with heterogeneous fundamental funds often face a potential outflow of their creditors. The ability to affect a particular bank depends on the intermediate liquid value of its assets, whereas the latter value endogenously depends on the status of other banks in the asset market. Mathematical modeling of economic risks forms an idea of the peculiarities of modern economic risks, including financial ones. The study of various ECONOMIC-MATHEMATICAL MODELING Issue IІ (90), 2023 119 aspects of financial risk is one of the fundamental concepts of modern economic theory and management, as well as is increasingly being applied in practice in all areas of economic activity. Obviously, it is not necessary to use experience and intuition in economic activity. However, it is essential to possess the information about the causes of risk situations and to carry out qualitative and quantitative risk analysis. The purpose of the article is to develop a mathematical model of immunizing a portfolio of financial transactions and to study the immunization of a portfolio of financial payment obligations regarding the risk of changes in market interest rates. The article identifies the basic typical models of investment portfolios and studies the methods of portfolio optimization, using different types of financial instruments. Initially, it is necessary to study the net present value of payments (NVP), for which the NVP formula is introduced. Next, the main factor of change in the yield curve should be taken into account - a parallel shift by the value of h (NPV(h)) so that NPV(h)- NPV(0) is minimal, using a more complex deformation of the yield curve. To mitigate this risk, it is important to apply factor immunization, however, with a due regard to the three factors that describe almost all changes in structural interest rates. All studies are formulated in the form optimization problems. To protect a portfolio from market risk, its structure needs to be rebuilt. Therefore, the possible volatility and liquidity risks for the existing portfolio of financial liabilities have to be taken into consideration as well.
Paisagens dos riscos sociais. Educar para diminuir a vulnerabilidade
Authors: Moreira Tatiana
Published: November 2023

A obra “Paisagens dos riscos sociais. Educar para diminuir a vulnerabilidade” divide-se em duas partes,a primeira agrega um conjunto de trabalhos que, de forma inequívoca, enfatiza o papel da educação como elemento fundamental na gestão do risco. Na segunda, reforça a importância da vulnerabilidade na redução do risco, porventura um dos elementos mais difíceis e complexos de analisar. Não obstante, é ainda assinalada a importância do conhecimento dos danos potenciais, traduzido, não só pelo valor económico das perdas materiais, ambientais ou funcionais que determinada manifestação de risco poderá ocasionar, como pelo número de vítimas (fatais, físicas e, um segundo conjunto, os desalojados, desabrigados e desaparecidos), e finalmente, psicológicas. De facto, os aspetos psicológicos e sociais, que tantas vezes não são tidos em consideração nestas circunstâncias, são frequentemente, dos que deixam marcas mais profundas e duradouras neste tipo de vítimas. A vulnerabilidade assume um papel de crescente importância na diminuição do risco, na sua total amplitude, envolvendo a exposição, isto é, os elementos presentes em áreas de risco, as pessoas e os seus bens e haveres, e que, por esse motivo, ficam sujeitos a eventuais perdas; a sensibilidade, o nível e a extensão dos danos que os elementos expostos podem sofrer, os quais estão associados às características intrínsecas dos elementos expostos, bem como ao seu grau de proteção; e a capacidade, tanto de antecipação como de resposta em situação de crise. Trata-se de uma obra que é um contributo importante para académicos e técnicos que pretendem estudar, desenvolver e aplicar o conhecimento acerca destas temáticas, assim como para o reforço e consolidação das estratégias e políticas na redução dos riscos focada na redução da vulnerabilidade.
Vulnerabilidade e pandemia da covid-19: risco social e boletim geográfico escolar
Authors: Pereira Alícia de Oliveira Moreira , Giarola Lucas Luan , Souza Carla Juscélia de Oliveira
Published: November 2023

O capítulo traz uma discussão e reflexão sobre a condição e a capacidade de resistência e resiliência dos corpos femininos e negros durante a pandemia de Covid-19. A discussão alicerça-se no aporte teórico-conceitual da Ciência Cindínica, que considera os conceitos risco social, vulnerabilidade e exposição, em diálogo com a perspectiva epistemológica da Geografia Cultural Renovada. O assunto é apresentado também no “Boletim Geográfico Escolar: Vulnerabilidade e pandemia” (2021), que aborda a condição de vulnerabilidade e exposição dos corpos sociais na paisagem e no cotidiano. O material educativo permite problematizar, no contexto escolar e na educação geográfica, este tema socialmente relevante.
De Stéphanie-Douce à Douce de Foix. Nouvelles hypothèses sur la généalogie des comtes de Provence et de Foix
Authors: Stasser Thierry
Published: November 2023

La escasez de fuentes que tenemos respecto a las mujeres de la primera casa condal de Provenza les depara en la mayoría de los casos al estatuto de «sombras femeninas» como las califica Elisabeth Magnou-Nortier. Solo se conoce en general su nombre y numerosas hipótesis genealógicas se han dado las cuales, en el transcurso de los años, se han convertido en verdades patentes. Este artículo se propone dar nuevas hipótesis, con una relectura de las fuentes, apoyándose en los estudios publicados en los últimos años. Así se puede considerar a la condesa Gerberge como una hija y no una hermana de Bertrand II de Provenza. También se pueden proponer enlaces matrimoniales con los condes de Besalú, de Bigorra y de Foix, distintos de las hipótesis de S. de Vajay, con una descendencia por línea femenina desde Stéphanie-Douce, la esposa de Geoffroy I de Provenza, hasta Douce de Foix, condesa de Urgell.
À la découverte des professeurs de l’ancienne université d’Aix, de ses origines à 1793
Authors: Croix David de la , Fabre Alice
Published: November 2023

Alors que les universités médiévales constituent l’une des créations les plus innovantes de la société occidentale, elles sont souvent considérées comme endormies et sclérosées lors de la période moderne. Dans cet article, nous étudions le corps professoral de l’université d’Aix sous l’Ancien Régime, en proposant un regard renouvelé sur cette institution par l’établissement d’une base de données prosopographique inédite sur une longue période (1409-1793), et la construction d’indicateurs. Nous retenons une définition étendue de la communauté d’enseignants, comprenant les savants et les érudits ayant participé à l’enseignement supérieur à Aix-en-Provence, autrement dit tous ceux ayant contribué à forger et à diffuser son capital humain. Le périmètre d’étude inclut l’ancienne université d’Aix (1409-1793), élargie aux érudits présents aux XIIIe et XIVe siècles à Aix, ainsi qu’au collège royal Bourbon (1603-1762). L’analyse des données récoltées permet d’appréhender la démographie de cette population (longévité, mobilité). La construction d’indicateurs de notoriété des professeurs montre l’existence d’un âge d’or au début du XVIIe siècle, mais également l’absence d’un déclin franc en termes de notoriété dans la période subséquente (1650-1793). Ce résultat contredit partiellement la vision selon laquelle les universités étaient devenues obsolètes à la fin de la période moderne, et souligne l’importance de s’intéresser au corps professoral des anciennes universités.
Louis de Mondran, portrait d’un mémorialiste en joueur, entre Paris et Toulouse (1719-1744)
Authors: Marty Pierre
Published: November 2023

Essentiellement connu pour son rôle prépondérant dans les embellissements de Toulouse durant la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle ou comme protecteur des arts au sein de l’Académie royale de peinture de la ville, Louis de Mondran fut aussi mémorialiste. Ses Mémoires, destinés à ses enfants, dépeignent un personnage aux multiples facettes. C’est l’une d’entre elles que cet article entend éclairer : celle du joueur de cartes invétéré que fut Mondran. C’est un gain inespéré qui mena le jeune adulte à Paris, où il apprit les codes de la bonne société, parmi lesquels ceux des tables de jeu. De retour à Toulouse, il se servit de ses apprentissages parisiens pour financer une vie de bohème dans les milieux aristocratiques. Ainsi, les écrits de Mondran permettent d’accéder aux différents lieux de sociabilités qui s’offraient alors aux joueurs toulousains (demeures aristocratiques, académies clandestines, cafés), et montrent aussi le rôle prépondérant des cartes dans la vie de ce personnage.
Des femmes et des dieux dans la prison-couvent du sud de la France au XIXe siècle
Authors: Pennec Anna Le
Published: November 2023

Die Frauengefängnisse haben sich seit den dreißiger Jahren des 19. Jh. verändert und treten durch einen besonderen Aspekt hervor : die Gefangenen wurden Nonnen anvertraut und es begann die Zeit der Klostergefängnisse. Letztere waren jedoch keine radikale Neuerung. Schon im vorherigen Jahrhundert gab es die Tendenz, Frauengefängnisse auf diese Art zu organisieren. Dahinter steckten auch manche Ziele für den Strafvollzug. Wie verlief das Leben der Insassen hinter den Klostermauern und wie wurden sie auf ihr späteres Leben vorbereitet ? Wie erging es den Gefangenen, die ja nicht unbedingt der Religion ihrer Wärterinnen teilten ? Alle Insassen mussten am Gottesdienst teilnahmen, auch wenn sie selbst nicht gläubig waren oder sich zu einem anderen Glauben bekannten. Der Einfluss des Katholizismus erschwert es uns, die speziellen und strengen Haftbedingungen dieser Frauen zu kennen.
Le pastel en Languedoc, une histoire qui ne finit jamais
Authors: Cardon Dominique
Published: November 2023

This article presents a synthetic essay on the history of the production and use of pastel in Southern Europe (from Italy to Languedoc and Catalonia) from its origins to today, with a technological approach. It is based, on the one hand, on the author’s previous research and publications on wool drapery and dyeing in Languedoc and, on the other hand, on the new contributions of series of dye analysis of archaeological textiles and studies of archive files not yet exploited from the point of view of the history of techniques. The results highlight the essential technical and economic importance of the production of woad, Isatis tinctoria L., since the Middle Ages. -the only source of blue dyeing - indigenous to the Languedoc region -, its transformation into woad balls and then into powder (agranat) and its local use on a very large scale in the dyeing of Languedoc sheets. Finally, the reasons for the decline and the prospects for renewal -still fragile - of this agro-industrial woad industry, emblematically associated with the cultural heritage of the Languedoc and the notion of prosperity in the expression «land of plenty», are examined.
Bordeaux et le commerce du pastel languedocien (vers 1400-vers 1520) : bilan historiographique et perspectives de recherche
Authors: Bochaca Michel
Published: November 2023

Este artículo propone un estado del arte sobre el comercio del pastel del Alto País del Garona que se hace por Burdeos a finales de la Edad Media y a principios de la época moderna en la medida en que pocos y dispersos estudios lo permiten. Esboza algunas líneas de investigación para hacer coherente el conjunto del estudio, haciendo hincapié en los actores y enfocando el tema con una lógica económica.
Monastères féminins, vie économique et culture matérielle au haut Moyen Âge (VIe-Xe siècle) : un aperçu sur le cas italien
Authors: Destefanis Eleonora
Published: November 2023

L’article s’intéresse à la vie économique des monastères féminins dans le contexte italien. Ceux du VIe siècle sont connus grâce aux écrits de Grégoire le Grand. Mais la situation floue et souvent instable de la dotation patrimoniale de ces premiers monastères

évolue considérablement après la conquête lombarde et celle des Carolingiens, ce qui correspond aussi à un moment où la documentation devient plus abondante et détaillée. Les monastères féminins profitent alors pleinement du soutien de la royauté et de l’aristocratie, elles-mêmes impliquées dans les fondations, qui octroient aux moniales des patrimoines parfois très étendus. Les formes de gestion ne semblent pas différentes de celles mises en place dans les monastères masculins, issus d’ailleurs du même milieu social. Mais en dehors de ces grands monastères royaux, il semble que les biens des communautés féminines se développent sur des territoires plus restreints. Les activités artisanales y sont très répandues, que ce soit sur les propriétés plus ou moins proches du monastère ou au sein même de l’établissement, comme en témoigne le cas de Saint-Sauveur de Brescia. L’activité textile y apparaît en particulier comme un secteur privilégié occupant l’attention des moniales.
Les femmes au monastère dans la péninsule Ibérique du haut Moyen Âge : formes de vie sexuée et cohabitation sexuelle
Authors: Gallon Florian
Published: November 2023

Una abundante documentación diplomática alumbra la historia del monasquismo hispánico de la alta Edad Media. Permite reconocer más de 180 monasterios en los que viven mujeres consagradas a Dios. Sólo unos cuarenta a lo sumo parecen sin embargo ser exclusivamente de monjas, en todos los demás las monjas están asociadas a monjes en el mismo establecimiento. Este estudio tiene como meta hacerse cargo a la vez de los elementos distintivos de un monaquesimo exclusivamente femenino y de las formas variables de coexistencia entre los sexos que constituyen la mayoría de las veces el entorno de la vida de las monjas.
La matérialisation de la subordination et de la stricte clôture à Coyroux d’Obazine : XIIe ou XIIIe siècle ?
Authors: Andrault-Schmitt Claude
Published: November 2023

Die Nonnen des Klosters Coyroux im Limousin hatten formal keine Autonomie und mussten in einer strikten Klausur leben. Ihr Kloster gehört zur Abtei Obazine und wurde auch von dort versorgt und geleitet. Stammt diese Organisation des Doppelklosters wie es die Heiligenlegende behauptet aus der Zeit des Klostergründers in den Jahren 1140 ? Die traditionelle Interpretation der Heiligenlegende wird durch eine genauerer Studie der Kirchenruine hinterfragt. Die Bauarbeiten an der Kirche scheinen auf eine Installation des Frauenklosters erst in der Mitte des 13. Jh. hinzuweisen. Diese Datierung wirft aber Fragen über die der Integration des Klosters in den Zisterzienserorden auf. Vielleicht wollte man nur eine Situation normalisieren ? Deshalb stellt sich heute die Frage, wo und wie lebten die Klosterschwestern von Coyroux im ersten Jahrhundert der Abtei ?
Sous la garde des nonnes : le cimetière privilégié de la « tour des Lautrec » dans l’abbaye de Vielmur (XIIIe-XVe siècle)
Authors: Chaillou Mélanie
Published: November 2023

Dans l’abbaye de femmes Notre-Dame de la Sagne à Vielmur-sur-Agoût (Tarn), l’édifice baptisé en 1992 la «tour des Lautrec » fait l’objet depuis 2015 de fouilles archéologiques programmées. Flanquée à l’ouest de l’église, cette construction des XIIIe-XIVe siècles, composée d’un cimetière surmonté d’une salle seigneuriale, est considérée comme la nécropole familiale des vicomtes de Lautrec, fondateurs de l’abbaye au XIe siècle. Cette tour témoigne en effet de l’autocélébration d’une dynastie dont la memoria serait confiée aux prières des soeurs, souvent leurs parentes. L’enclos du rez-de-chaussée qui a compté au moins six enfeus, dix caveaux et trois tombes individuelles, était incontestablement réservé à une élite. Pourtant, la fouille peine à prouver qu’il s’agissait bien des vicomtes, les mobiliers de métal et de textile collectés pouvant également désigner des ecclésiastiques.
JUDICIAL INTEGRITY AS A CRITERION FOR EVALUATION THE WORK OF COURTS IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Private Joint-Stock Company ", Kosytsia O. ,   Higher education institution ",   Interregional Academy of Personnel Management", Volik V. ,   Mariupol State University
Published: November 2023

The article analyzes the practice of European judicial systems regarding the application of such a criterion as integrity to a judge. The author also analyzes the theoretical achievements of scholars regarding the content of such moral and ethical categories which have entered the legal circulation and the national legal field as good faith and integrity. The choice and relevance of the topic is due to the criticism and unsatisfactory state of affairs in the context of numerous reforms in the field of justice in our country and the ambitious goals of achieving the European legal and judicial culture. The author establishes that a condition for judicial independence and administration of justice in compliance with the rule of law is the integrity of a judge. At the same time, it is determined that integrity is a legally established criterion for the qualification assessment of a judge by the High Qualification Commission of Judges of Ukraine with a view to determining the ability of a judge (candidate for the position of a judge) to administer justice in a relevant court. The article analyzes the Recommendation of the European Network of Councils for the Judiciary workshop on the evaluation of judges and provides the main provisions relating to judicial evaluation systems and, accordingly, courts in European judicial systems. In the course of the study of comparative analysis of the selection, evaluation and promotion of judges: current criteria and methodology used in the EU and beyond, the author establishes that integrity competence (ability to resist undue influence, adherence to professional ethics, etc.) is a typical criterion enshrined in the legislation of foreign countries. It is found that in countries that have recently undergone or are undergoing judicial reform, there is a tendency to establish very high and very detailed requirements (criteria) for the selection, evaluation and promotion of judges, but less attention is paid to the methodology for verifying these requirements, which prompts future research to focus on specific methodologies and tools that allow us to understand how decisions are made on whether a person meets these requirements, such as integrity. Based on the analysis of scientific approaches to the use of such moral and ethical categories as good faith and integrity in law, the author concludes that they fully reflect the tasks of the court in the administration of justice and are both a separate requirement (competence) and a guide for a judge in the performance of his or her duties. Key words: court independence, court performance evaluation, evaluation criteria, justice system reform, integrity, good faith.
Barriers to Implementation and Application of Evidence-Based Medicine from the Viewpoints of Clinical Residents
Authors: Vakilimofrad Hossein , Hosseinirad Somayyeh
Published: November 2023

Background: Nowadays, evidence-based medicine (EBM) is considered a rational framework for decision-making in medicine and its skill training. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the barriers to the execution and application of EBM. Methods: In this cross-sectional survey study, 99 clinical assistants of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in Iran were randomly assigned to the study. Data were collected using a questionnaire, including background information and information related to barriers in 5 areas, and then analyzed by SPSS-22. Results: Overall, 66.7% of the clinical assistants identified spending a long time to justify the patient to implement EBM, and 61.6% identified the lack of trained people for evidence-based care, the absence of monitoring mechanisms, and the follow-up of EBM in education and treatment. In addition, 60.6% identified new evidence-based medical devices and the lack of knowledge of many doctors in this category as the most serious obstacles. The highest and lowest average barriers were obtained concerning the health system managers (76.30) and librarians and medical informants (64.27), respectively. Conclusion: Notwithstanding that the assistants consider EBM effective in treating patients; the lack of training in the skills associated with this category and the lack of attention of health system managers have prevented the utilization of EBM in practice. Accordingly, eliminating the barriers associated with managers can be the most important step in the development of EBM.
Meaning and implications of digital documentation of criminal trials in Germany
Authors:   The Korean Association of Criminal Procedure Law, Kim Sung-Ryong
Published: November 2023

Germany is implementing a plan to digitally video or audio record what happens in the trial court of criminal proceedings. Many German judges also have animosity or concerns about video recording of trial proceedings. However, a bill aimed mandatory recording and discretionary video recording was submitted with the goal of mandating digital video recording or recording and automatic creation of transcript records in all courts by 2030. Even in Germany, various arguments for and against this bill were presented. As Mosbacher, a judge in the criminal division of the German Federal Supreme Court, said, it is no longer a matter of wether but how, and the details have become subject to compromise.
In this article, we looked at the contents of the related German bill, the pros and cons, especially the judges' positions and counterarguments of scholars and criminal lawyers, and looked for the implications this can have on our situation.
Ignoring the basis of the legitimacy of the existence of criminal trials and advancing modern technology may ultimately lead to the collapse of criminal justice per se.
The way to become a court trusted by the public, to be evaluated as a criminal judgment acceptable to the parties, and to drastically reduce the overflow of appeal cases depends, above all, on how faithfully and transparently the first trial procedures and rulings that deal with the facts are made.
Rather than clinging to the old-fashioned slogan that video trials cannot be permitted, it is important to know where, what, and how to change in our criminal trial in order to become a functioning criminal justice system that can meet the unique challenges of criminal trials as much as possible while efficiently using the limited national budget. We have to think about it.
İnsani Değer Yönelimli Siber Zorbalık Psiko-Eğitim Programının Etkililiğinin Sınanması
Authors: BERBER ÇELİK Çiğdem , HACIOĞLU Semanur , TERZİ Hatice
Published: November 2023

Teknolojiyi yoğun bir şekilde kullanan ergenlerin siber ortamlarda zorbalığa maruz kaldıkları ve bu durumu çözmeye yönelik girişimlerinin de sınırlı olduğu görülmektedir. Bu anlamda söz konusu sorunun çözümüne yönelik müdahalelere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, insani değerler temelli hazırlanan psiko-eğitim programının, ergenlerin siber zorbalığa ilişkin duyarlılıkları ve baş etme düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yarı deneysel desene göre tasarlanan araştırmanın çalışma grubunda, Karadeniz bölgesindeki bir ortaöğretim kurumunda 9., 10. ve 11. sınıflarda öğrenim görmekte olan 10 deney ve 10 kontrol grubunda olmak üzere toplam 20 erkek ortaöğretim öğrencisi yer almaktadır. Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Siber Zorbalığa İlişkin Duyarlılık Ölçeği ve Ergenlere Yönelik Siber Zorbalıkla Başa Çıkma Ölçeği araştırmada veri toplama araçları olarak kullanılmıştır. Deney grubuna 8 oturumdan oluşan ve her oturumda bir insani değerin ön plana çıktığı eğitim programı uygulanmıştır. Deney grubundaki öğrencilerin ailelerine ise yine 2 oturumluk siber zorbalıkla ilgili bir eğitim verilmiştir. Kontrol grubuna ise hiçbir müdahalede bulunulmamıştır. Ön test, son test ve izleme testi sonuçları karışık ölçümler için iki faktörlü varyans analizi tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, insani değer yönelimli psiko-eğitim programının ergenlerin siber zorbalıkla ilişkili duyarlılıklarını ve başa çıkma düzeylerini arttırdığını göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak, değerler baz alınarak oluşturulan müdahale programının ergenlerin şu anki önemli problemlerinden biri olan siber zorbalık üzerinde etkisinin olduğu söylenebilir.
Radiation Dose Tracking in Digital Mammography: Evaluation of Population Profiles
through Automatic Data Extraction from the DICOM Header
Authors: Schiabel Homero , Ruberti Filha Eny Moreira , Jorge Neto Oswaldo , Verçosa Luciana Buffa
Published: November 2023

International regulatory organizations for quality control of X-ray systems, such as the
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), have implemented protocols for acceptance
testing of digital mammography and breast tomosynthesis equipment, aiming to establish quality standards in radiology services. However, these guidelines are usually based on tests with breast phantoms with standardizedthicknesses and compositions, often not representative of the patient population profiles at those services. In a prior study, we developed a computational system designed to automatically tracking and managing data extracted from the image acquisition processes of digital mammography and breast tomosynthesis, stored on a DICOM SCP (Service Class Provider) server. This approach enables obtaining technical reports characterizing exposure parameters and tests have shown that the reference levels outlined in international standards for breast composition and radiation dose do not accurately reflect the characteristics of the actual patient population. Thus this study describes data collection and corresponding
analysis for the dose tracking process primarily on three digital mammography systems of different radiological services. Extensive image datasets from these systems were obtained using a new application described previously, with a focus on dose profiles generated during exposures. Graphical representations resultingfrom the datasets are presented, along with analysis of skin entrance and mean glandular doses distributions, average kV and mAs applied during the exams together with the target/filter
combinations, radiographic density distribution, as well as the age and breast thickness
characteristic of the respective population submitted to exposures in each of those
mammography services. Additionally, the extent of information and ease of acquisition provided by the tool for performance evaluation of digital mammography services is discussed
Informatization of a Centralized Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory: Experience in Implementing a Laboratory-Information System in the Brest Regional Clinical Hospital
Authors: Калина А.С. , Матулис Г.И. , Кабецкая И.В. , Шахрай Ю.Л.
Published: November 2023

Глобализация, повсеместное развитие информационных систем и их интеграция во все сферы экономики требуют широкомасштабных изменений, в том числе и в области медицины. С попытками автоматизировать и облегчить рабочий процесс медицинского персонала возникает потребность в использовании специализированных информационных систем. В статье представлена информация об особенностях апробированной лабораторной информационной системы и предоставляемых ею широких возможностях совершенствования деятельности клинико-диагностических лабораторий, а также отражен опыт автоматизации крупнейшей в Брестской области централизованной клинико-диагностической лаборатории учреждения здравоохранения «Брестская областная клиническая больница», связанный с использованием лабораторно-информационной системы. Уделено внимание тем задачам, которые ставились перед разработчиками системы, а также принципам и критериям выбора информационной системы с учетом открываемых ею новых возможностей деятельности лаборатории после внедрения в медицинскую практику, а также возможностям, которые приобрела лаборатория после внедрения.

Globalization, the widespread development of information systems and their integration in all areas of the economy require large-scale changes, including in the medical field. With attempts to automate and facilitate workflow for medical personnel, it is necessary to use specialized information systems. This article will consider the capabilities and features of the laboratory information system, as well as the experience of automating the largest centralized clinical diagnostic laboratory in the Brest region – Brest Regional Clinical Hospital using the laboratory information system. Also, attention is paid to the tasks that were set for the developers, the principles and criteria for choosing an information system, as well as the opportunities that the laboratory acquired after implementation.
Common Fallacies in the 2023 Debt-Ceiling Debates
Authors: Kupiec Paul , Pollock Alex
Published: November 2023

This article investigates the veracity of three claims made by current and former government officials in the context of the 2023 debt-ceiling debates: it would be unconstitutional to enforce the debt ceiling; the U.S. government has never defaulted; and there are no measures that could be taken to avoid a government default except raising the debt limit. None of these claims is true.
Intravascular Treatment of Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery Dissection
Authors: Efimov V. V. , Fedorchenko A. N. , Beliy A. I. , Suslov E. S.
Published: November 2023

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment of extracranial dissection of the internal carotid artery, as well as pseudoaneurysm associated with dissection.

Clinical cases: In this article we report the results of endovascular treatment of 2 patients with iatrogenic and spontaneous dissection of the cervical segment of the internal carotid artery.

Conclusions: Internal carotid artery dissection can lead to significant narrowing of the vessel lumen, occlusion or pseudoaneurysm followed by hemodynamic or embolic stroke despite anticoagulant therapy. In some cases, endovascular stenting for dissection is a safe and effective method of restoring vessel lumen integrity with a good clinical outcome.
Analgesia in Patients After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Dzhopua M. A. , Ezugbaia B. S. , Avetisian V. A. , Gruzdev V. E. , Koriachkin V. A.
Published: November 2023

Adequate postoperative pain management remains a challenge. We discuss pathophysiology of pain after cardiac surgery and describe in detail multimodal and regional anesthesia, their advantages and disadvantages.
Stanislav Vladimirovich Ochapovsky. The 145th Anniversary of the Birth of the Renowned Ophthalmologist, Doctor of Medical Science, Professor
Authors: Kalenich L. A. , Sakhnov S. N.
Published: November 2023

Professor Stanislav Vladimirovich Ochapovsky (1878-1945)—Doctor of Medical Science, Honored Scientist of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic—was a Soviet ophthalmologist, public figure, local historian, and honorary citizen of the Caucasus, Uchkulan, and Beslan. He organized the fight against trachoma in the North Caucasus, founded the school of Kuban ophthalmology, and laid the groundwork for regional medicine and ophthalmology.
Treatment Outcomes in STEMI Patients With No/Slow-Reflow Phenomenon, Depending on Age
Authors: Sazanov G. V. , Shugushev Z. Kh. , Belokon O. S. , Ermakov S. V. , Mukovnikova A. V.
Published: November 2023

Objective: To assess the risks of no/slow-­reflow phenomena and treatment outcomes in patients with ST­-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) from different age groups.

Materials and methods: We analyzed treatment outcomes of 535 STEMI patients who were divided into 4 groups based on their age: 33 patients younger than 44 years (group 1), 209 patients aged 45 to 59 years (group 2), 247 patients aged 60 to 74 years (group 3), and 46 patients aged 75 to 80 years (group 4).

Results: Our study revealed that among the young people STEMI is more often found in men, whereas in the older population the number of women increases accounting for 37% (compare with 3% among the young patients). It was also shown that with age, statistically significantly more coronary stents (P = .009, Kruskal­Wallis test) are needed to repair an infarct-­related coronary artery lesion. The time required to perform a percutaneous coronary intervention was statistically significantly higher in the older adults than in the young patients (P = .022, Kruskal­-Wallis test).

Conclusions: Our study found that the frequency of deaths was higher in STEMI patients from the older age groups (9.30% and 10.90%), whereas in the young patients, no deaths were registered during the 30­-day follow­up. In the middle­aged patients, mortality accounted for 3.3%. The reported differences were statistically significant (P = .016, Pearson’s χ2). The analysis of overall survival based on the age group revealed statistically significant differences (likelihood ratio test, P = .006).
Options to Determine the Time for Conversion Osteosynthesis in Patients With Multiple Trauma
Authors: Mukhanov M. L. , Blazhenko A. N. , Baryshev A. G. , Seumyan E. V. , Blazhenko A. A. , Khrustaleva Yu. O.
Published: November 2023

Objective: To reduce the complication rate in patients with multiple trauma (including bone fractures) by objectifying criteria that allow conversion from the external fixator to the definitive osteosynthesis.

Materials and methods: The study was based on a retrospective analysis of the treatment outcomes in 308 patients (18­60 years, males and females) with multiple trauma and no apparent comorbidity.

All patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the treatment outcomes. The therapeutic and diagnostic approaches in both groups were equal and compliant with the current standards and guidelines. Surgical treatment was performed according to the damage control principles in orthopedics.

As the groups were statistically comparable, their data could be used for an accurate comparative statistical analysis.

Results: The statistical analysis of the treatment outcomes in patients from all the groups demonstrated the possibility of using the SOFA scale to determine the conversion time. In patients who underwent conversion osteosynthesis, with comparable severity of injuries according to the NISS scale, a SOFA score >10 points right prior to the surgery was associated with the maximum number of complications including mortality. A SOFA score <6 points right prior to the surgery was associated with significantly lower number of complications and no mortality.

Conclusions: Objective tools for assessing the severity of the condition, such as the SOFA scale, will allow to customize the approach to the time of conversion osteosynthesis in patients with multiple trauma and improve the treatment outcomes in general.
Survival of Patients With Primary Cutaneous Melanoma and the Surgical Treatment Option Based on the Level of the Surface Protein PD-L1 in the Tumor Tissue
Authors: Yargunin S. S. , Reshetov I. V. , Shoykhet Ya. N. , Samoylova S. I. , Chukhrai O. Yu. , Pyatakov S. N.
Published: November 2023

Background: The PD-­L1 level is mainly used to predict the effect of drug treatment in patients with melanoma. Despite the radical nature of surgery in these patients, the rate of disease progression remains high. Therefore, it is important to study the relation between the PD-­L1 level in the tumor and surgical treatment options for cutaneous melanoma and patient survival.

Objective: To analyze the effect of the PD-­L1 level in patients with primary cutaneous melanoma at different levels of tumor excision and options for closing the surgical defect.

Materials and methods: We used data of 143 patients with stage 0­IIIC primary cutaneous melanoma who were randomized into 2 groups: the main group (wide excision of the tumor and plastic repair of the tissue defect) and the comparison group (standard tumor removal) with different PD-­L1 levels (IC [immune cells] %). The 5­-year survival of patients was estimated.

Results: We found the mutual dependence of the PD­-L1 level and the survival of patients with stage 0-­IIC melanoma on the extent of the tissues removed and the option for closing the defect.

Conclusions: The 5­year progression­free survival in patients with stage 0­IIA primary cutaneous melanoma was higher than that of those with stage IIB-­IIC melanoma regardless of the PD-­L1 level. In patients with stage 0-­IIA primary cutaneous melanoma and the low PD-­L1 level (˂5), progression­free survival was 26.3% higher (P = .013) than that of those with the high PD-­L1 level (≥5). In patients from the main group with stage 0-­IIA melanoma and the low PD­L1 level (˂5), progression­free survival was 25% higher (P = .017) and overall survival was 16.7% higher (P = .045) compared with patients from the control group with the same PD-­L1 level. In patients from the main group with stage 0­-IIC melanoma and the high PD­-L1 level (≥5), the 5-­year progression­free survival was 21.2% higher (P = .033) compared with patients from the comparison group.
Congenital Heart Diseases: Risk Factors and Ultrasound Diagnostic Potential at the First Screening
Authors: Pomortsev A. V. , Karakhalis M. N. , Matulevich S. A. , Daschyan G. A. , Khalafyan A. A. , Sencha A.  N.
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Due to the high incidence of congenital heart diseases (CHD) it is important to identify risk factors for abnormal organogenesis. There is a crucial medical need to understand cardiogenesis and possible markers of abnormalities in fetuses.

Objective: To determine risk factors for CHD in pregnant women and their partners and assess CHD markers on the first ultrasound screening.

Materials and methods: We analyzed 221 medical records of pregnant women with prenatally diagnosed fetal CHD and divided the patients into 2 groups: group I (n = 177) with CHD compatible with postnatal development and group II (n = 44) with CHD incompatible with postanatal development. We evaluated physical findings and somatic and reproductive history in both groups. We retrospectively analyzed 2272 ultrasound scans and first screening markers: nuchal translucency (NT) thickness and ductus venosus pulsatility index (DVPI).

Results: We identified possible risk factors for fetal CHD: body mass index, P = .000; age of menarche, P = .037; chronic tonsillitis, Р = .046; cervical erosion, Р = .045; vulvovaginal candidiasis, Р = .005; vaginitis, Р = .027; cervicitis, Р = .027; chronic hepatitis B and C viruses, Р = .005; respiratory tract infection with fever during the current pregnancy, Р = .012. We built 500 networks with the highest performance for a predictive model and found that the model’s predictors did not fully represent the risk factors for CHD. CHD with increased NT thickness (≥2.5 mm) was detected in 2.24% of cases. NT thickness and DVPI were 3.37 ± 0.92 mm and 1.098 ± 0.158, respectively. According to our correlation analysis, increased DVPI and NT thickness were associated with CHD (R = 0.510).

Conclusions: It is not possible to identify risk factors for CHD in fetuses by medical history, reproductive history and physical status of pregnant women, and unhealthy habits of their sexual partners. Increased NT thickness and DVPI moderately correlate with CHD incidence.
Comparison of Cardioprotective Effects of Dapagliflozin and Trimetazidine in the Model of Doxorubicin-Cyclophosphamide Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Avagimyan A. A. , Trofimenko A. I. , Sheibani M. , Kakturskiy L. V. , Urazova O. I. , Navasardyan G. A. , Jndoyan Z. T. , Sulashvili N. V. , Gabunia L. I. , Gorgaslidze N. S. , Khamidova F. M. , Martemyanova L. A. , Pogosova N. V. , Sarrafzadegan N.
Published: November 2023

Background: Data published by task groups of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, the European Society of Cardiology, and other medical associations and institutions show that chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy is still a challenging issue that requires further research.

Objective: To compare the cardioprotective potential of trimetazidine and dapagliflozin in a rat model of doxorubicin-cyclophospha-mide cardiomyopathy.

Materials and methods: Our randomized in vivo experimental study included 80 Wistar female rats. Doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide were administered at a dose of 15 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg, respectively. Trimetazidine (42 mg/kg) and dapagliflozin (14 mg/kg) were additionally administered to groups 3 and 4, respectively. The total duration of the experiment was 14 days.

Results: Doxorubicin+cyclophosphamide mode of chemotherapy induces the development of toxic-ischemic cardiomyopathy. The trimetazidine and dapagliflozin administration was accompanied by stabilization of cardiovascular parameters. Comparison of both drugs’ cardioprotective properties revealed a clear advantage of dapagliflozin over trimetazidine, especially in terms of such an important indicator as N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide.

Conclusions: Further research aimed at exploring the cardioprotective potential of dapagliflozin against cardiovascular complications of chemotherapy is justified from a pathogenetic point of view.
Model for Predicting the Risk of Bronchopleural Fistula After Pneumonectomy for Destructive Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Serezvin I. S. , Avetisyan A. O. , Potievskiy M. B. , Rodin A. A. , Rodin N. A. , Savon G. K. , Grabetskii D. K. , Yablonskiy P. K.
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Predicting various events based on influencing factors is important for statistical analysis in medical research. Unfortunately, mathematical models are rarely built on the identified factors.

Objective: To develop a model to predict the risk of bronchopleural fistula after pneumonectomy for destructive pulmonary tuberculosis.

Materials and methods: We analyzed medical records of 198 patients who underwent pneumonectomy. Of them 6 patients (3%) developed a bronchopleural fistula. We used machine learning algorithms such as ridge regression, support vector machine, random forest, and CatBoost, the Jupyter open­source development environment, and Python 3.6 to build prediction models. ROC analysis was used to evaluate the quality of the binary classification.

Results: We built 4 models to predict the risk of bronchopleural fistula. Their ROC AUC were as follows: ridge regression – 0.88, support vector machine – 0.87, CatBoost – 0.75, and random forest – 0.74. The model based on the ridge regression showed the best ROC AUC. Based on the coordinates of the ROC curve, the threshold value of 1.9% provides the maximum total sensitivity and specificity (100% and 68.8%, respectively).

Conclusions: The developed model has a high predictive ability, which allows focusing on the patient group with an increased risk of bronchopleural fistula and justifying the need for preventive measures.
Evaluation of the Fixation Method and the Intraperitoneal Mesh Location Effect on Adhesion Formation, Deformation, and Shrinkage of the Mesh in Large Animals
Authors: Armashov V. P. , Belousov A. M. , Potapov P. А. , Matveev N. L.
Published: November 2023

Background: The quality of mesh integration and adhesion formation in the intraperitoneal onlay mesh hernia repair (IPOM) is considered to depend not only on the mesh structure but also on a complex of other factors. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between the adhesion formation, mesh deformation, and shrinkage on the fixation method and the mesh location in the abdominal cavity.

Materials and methods: During laparoscopy (IPOM), 6 different meshes (2 each in the epi-, meso-, and hypogastric regions) were installed in the intraperitoneal position in each of 3 pigs. For mesh fixation, absorbable poly-D, L-lactide or non-absorbable stainless steel and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) tacks were randomly selected. Relaparoscopy was performed after 45 days, autopsy after 90 days. The results were calculated for meshes with absorbable and non-absorbable tacks and for meshes placed in the epi-, meso-, and hypogastrium.

Results: The fixation methods did not significantly affect the deformation and shrinkage of the mesh. Absorbable tacks were associated with higher adhesion formation for most indicators at all stages of the study. The difference between absorbable and non-absorbable fixation reached a maximum by day 90, when the number of mesh pieces with adhesions was 66.7% vs 11.1% (P = .05), and the adhesion scores were 5 (0-6) vs 0 (0-0) (P = .01). The mesh location on the abdominal wall did not significantly affect its deformation and shrinkage. At the same time, most of the adhesion indicators depended on the mesh location. Starting from hypogastrium, the extent and the type of adhesions increased and were maximal in epigastrium. The greatest difference between the epi-, meso-, and hypogastrium was noted by day 45, when the number of mesh pieces with adhesions was 100%, 50%, and 16.7% (P = .014), and the adhesion scores were 6 (5-7), 2 (0-4), and 0 (0-0) (P = .007).

Conclusions: The fixation method and the intraperitoneal mesh location do not affect its deformation and shrinkage but significantly affect the adhesion formation.
WILL NOVEL EDUCATION POLICY STIMULATE BUSINESS MANAGEMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN BANGLADESH: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS AND LESSONS TO BE LEARNED FROM THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Jowarder Mohaimenul Islam
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study is to understand how the novel education policy, which is to be implemented in 2025 in Bangladesh, will foster business management opportunities and the probable lessons from the United States. This study conducted a mixed methodology analysis followed by a purposive sampling method. 200 students from primary to higher secondary levels and 20 teachers were selected. We also conducted Four Focus Group Discussions with curriculum experts who were directly involved with developing this method in Bangladesh. An exclusive interview with the President of Hyundai Motors Asia assisted in exploring the context in-depth. The study revealed a positive response from students, ranging from prospective career opportunities to rising interests to implement their acquired knowledge, eradicating the fear of science as well as emphasizing becoming small business entrepreneurs and believing in stimulating business opportunities. Further research is encouraged to assess the impacts of this educational reform in diverse employment sectors in-depth.

Keywords: Education Policy; Business Management; Bangladesh; United States
PENGARUH UKURAN PERUSAHAAN DAN FINANCIAL DISTRESS TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PADA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN KONVENSIONAL YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Juniarsi Marlisa , Kalsum Ummi , Yamaly Fadhil
Published: November 2023

This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of firm size and financial distress on firm value. This research includes this type of associative research. The research population is conventional banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017–2021 period, a total of 42 companies. The sample in this study was 12 companies with a total of 60 observational data points, using a purposive sampling technique. The data used in this research is secondary data. The analysis technique used is quantitative, with multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The partial test results show that there is a significant effect of firm size on firm value, and there is a significant effect of financial distress on firm value.

Keywords: Company Value; Company Size; Financial Distress