bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Study on Accident Probability Risk Assessment Methods for Shipwrecks in Inland Waterways
Authors: Xing Hui , Duan Shu Lin , Yu Hong Liang , Liu Qin An
Published: September 2011

For disposal of the shipwrecks in the coastal and inland waterways timely and properly to ensure navigable vessels safely and smoothly, the process and mechanism of navigable vessels collision with shipwrecks was analyzed and shipwreck accident probabilistic risk assessment model was established based on event tree analysis. Assuming the traffic pattern in normal distribution, geometric probability of navigable vessels into collision route was determined according to the location of shipwreck. Reference deviation probability was employed to describe the failure probability of collision avoidance due to abnormal navigable vessels and was determined according to the historic accidents at domestic and abroad waterways, taking into account wind, current, visibility, passageways and traffic density for correction. The model was proved to be practical and operational for shipwreck treatment decision support in specific waterways.
Informatization Promotes the Development of Integrated Transportation System
Authors: Gao Xu Tao , Rong Chao He , Cheng Xiao Ling
Published: September 2011

How informatization promotes the development of integrated transportation system is discussed in this paper. A model of the relationship between transportation development and space-time structure of economy is presented in order to explain the transportation system characteristics and development requirements in the information society. The key role of information and communication technology (ICT) is analyzed by combing through the developing clues of transport. Logistics, SCM and third-party organizations are employed as well to study integrated transportation system for comprehensive consideration.
The Concrete Application Research of Drop and Pull Transport in Energy Saving and Emission Reduction — with SF's Case
Authors: Xue Liang
Published: September 2011

Drop and pull Transport is an economic, environmental protection, a high efficient mode of transportation. It has already been widely used in production practice in developed western countries. But the development of it in our country has been limped. The paper analysis from three aspects: Fixed costs, variable costs, the total cost of economic benefit. Also, this paper looks into the Fuel and carbon dioxide emissions from the social benefit. Thereby obtain energy saving and emission reduction. drop and pull Transport has raise transportation economic efficiency and social efficiency advantage.
Study on Application of TerraZyme in Road Base Course of Road
Authors: Li Yue Jun , Li Liang , Dan Han Cheng
Published: September 2011

Biological enzyme used for catalyzing reaction of soil is a new material which is completely different from traditional highway material. The solidification mechanism, construction technique and maintenance technique of TerraZyme solidifying the base course of pavement have been discussed and with respect to which the field tests have been studied in this paper. The analysis and test results showed that the advantages of the technique of TerraZyme solidification are no pollution, convenient construction, high strength of solidification, good water stability and low cost. Thus, it has significant social and economic benefits and bright future in practice.
Survey and Analysis to the Energy-Saving & Emission-Reduction Effect of BRT in Jinan
Authors: Shi Bo Ying , Liu Chen Hui , Wang Jian Zhang , Zhang Ru Hua , Lei Li
Published: September 2011

Aiming at the shortcomings of present researches on the energy-saving and emission-reduction effect of BRT, the paper first gets actual operating data of BRT, conventional bus and car of Jinan by survey. Then, based on actual survey data and synthesis emission factor, the paper analyzes the energy-saving and emission-reduction effect of Jinan BRT. The results demonstrate: compared with conventional bus and car, the energy-saving and emission-reduction effect of BRT is very remarkable.
Study Behaviour of Passengers on Transit Operation
Authors: Hafezi Mohammad Hesam , Ismail Amiruddin
Published: September 2011

Nowadays, delays problem are important issue in preparing schedule for public transportation. It is related to behaviour of passengers, behaviour of transportation means and interaction with traffic. Behaviour of passengers are including: demand patterns of passengers, fare payment and waiting time in station and in-vehicle. Behaviour of transportation means included fleet size and frequency of operation. The most interaction between public transportation and others traffic is in traffic congestion. In this paper, we studies different behaviour of passengers duration operation time in two points: in-station and in-vehicle. They are including: arrival rate of passengers, kinds of fare payment and waiting time. For illustrate behaviour of passengers on delays problem we survey they affects in bus operation. Hence, a case study based on an actual public bus operation in Tehran, Iran is used to demonstrate it.
Study on the Water Damage Resistance Performance of Micro-Surfacing
Authors: Wu Guo Xiong , Yu Miao , Tan Wei
Published: September 2011

The water damage resistance performance of micro-surfacing is studied by means of gradation and clay content; It can be found that the cleaness of powder lot in the mineral aggregates plays an important role on water damage resistance ability of micro-surfacing; The MB test is proved to be more convenient for evaluating the cleaness and clay content in aggregates than the SE test, and the MBV for micro-surfacing is given so as to make sure the favorable water resistance ability of the mixture.
Analysis of Temperature-Load Coupling Stress for Asphalt Overlay Using Three-Dimensional Finite Element Model
Authors: Yang Qin , Yu Xin Hui , Li Qing
Published: September 2011

According to bond condition was simulated by contact unit and pavement parameters, such as temperature, load, and structural condition were given, a three-dimensional finite element model was established to analyze the temperature-load coupling stress for asphalt overlay. Effects of parameters for asphalt overlay, old cement concrete plate, joint and foundational response modulus on its temperature-load stress. Results show that the temperature-load stress of asphalt overlay is great influenced by asphalt overlay’s E1 and thickness h1, the thickness of the cement concrete slab h2, foundational response modulus k and the joint width δ. But the length L and width B of cement concrete slab, and the joint load transfer stiffness C has little effect on it. The temperature-load stress of overlay can be reduced by increasing the thickness of asphalt surface.
Application of Comprehensive Evaluation of the Airport Site Selection
Authors: Ding De Liang , Cai Liang Cai , Wang Xiao Long , Shao Bin , Zheng Yi
Published: September 2011

The most important step of building a new airport is site selection. Before selecting the new airport site, Airport planners should study many factors and rank the various sites. In fact, airport site selection is a complex multi-objective optimization problem, which involves a variety of factors. Taking “the civil airport construction and management requirements” as a foundation, the paper has screened and expanded the influence factors of selecting the civil airport site and constructed site appraisal system, and put forward the DAGF model，which constructed Evaluation System by improved Delphi method, obtained weighted matrix by AHP, analyzed experts score by gray correlation and got evaluation findings by Fuzzy evaluating. Meanwhile the paper has compiled the procedure of the computation process with MATLAB. Finally the research results has been applied to the selecting site of the second Capital airport in practice and obtained the satisfactory result. Therefore the paper constructed the comprehensive evaluation model, which provides the effective method for selecting the civil airport site, and makes the site selection more scientific, more reasonable and simpler. It has the extremely important reference significance and the instructional function to select the optimal airport site.
The Application of Assets Evaluation in Analysis of Asphalt Pavement Maintenance Technology
Authors: Zhu Yao Ting , Lei Mao Jin
Published: September 2011

With the aggravation of high grade highway asphalt pavement destructions, it becomes particularly important to maintain pavement performance and enhance road economic efficiency. The asphalt pavement preventive maintenance technology is an effective technique to extend pavement services and maintain pavement performance. In this paper, we combine the decay model of pavement performance with assets value evaluation idea and establish an analytical method about preventive maintenance technology based on assets evaluation. An example of hot asphalt overlay is also presented, it is found that preventive maintenance techniques can reduce the attenuation of road infrastructure assets value and maintain pavement performance efficiently.
Study on Properties and Pavement Performance of Anti-Flaming and Warm-Mix SBS Modified Asphalt
Authors: Huang Yang Cheng , He Zhao Yi
Published: September 2011

In order to solve problems such as environmental contamination, large resource consuming, and the inflammability of present asphalt mixture, a warm-mix agent was chosen and fire retardant was added to asphalt to modify its characteristics. The anti-flaming and warm-mix asphalt has been produced in the orthogonal experiment, and its road property and anti-flaming property lived up to expectation. The experiment shows that under the condition of a lower temperature (15-20°C lower than the the mix temperature), the rutting resistance of the anti-flaming and warm-mix SBS modified asphalt , but its low temperature property and water sensitivity decreased. This asphalt has excellent anti-flaming characteristic, and thus it can decrease the property loss in case of fire.
Effects of Fluidity and Strength on Cement Mortar with Compound Mineral Admixture
Authors: Luan Guang Ri , Wang Lian Jun , Li Yi
Published: September 2011

In this paper, the influence of compound mineral admixture on cement mortar’s performance is studied. The optimum compound proportion of compound mineral admixture and the suitable substitution amount can be obtained. The analysis work is carried out on the additive effect of compound mineral admixture. It is shown that the mineral admixture has many advantages, such as improving the performance of cement mortar, making full use of waste, reducing the cost and environmental protection.
Wheel-Rail Multi-Point Contact Method for Railway Turnouts
Authors: Chen Zhi Wei , Li Linan , Sun Shi Gang , Zhou Jun Long
Published: September 2011

A calculation method of wheel-rail multi-point contact based on the elastic contact model is introduced. Moreover, the simulation calculation of vehicles passing through branch lines of No.18 turnouts is carried out. The result showed that the acute change of wheel-rail normal force caused by the transfers of wheel-rail contact point between two rails can be avoid by wheel-rail multi-point contact method, and the transfers of wheel-rail normal force between two rails is smoother. The validity of wheel-rail multi-point contact method is verified.
Analysis Based on 3DGIS System for Channel Evolution
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhao De Peng , Wang De Qiang
Published: September 2011

Digital Channel has been an imperative need for the channel, yet few literatures about it are presented. This paper proposes a method to block the channel according to the contours and the banks, delete the data of the seabed on the basis of scope of bank and seabed, by using radial basis function to interpolate the data of seabed and adds them to the corresponding blocks. Finally dynamic Delaunay triangulations constrained by seabed edges within updating blocks are obtained.
A Method of Data Processing for Determining Shear Strength Parameters of Rock
Authors: Jia Zhi Rong , Shi Jun
Published: September 2011

One of the main factors that influence the analytic results of slope stability is the determining of mechanical parameters. When the least square method is adopted as the method for determining the rock shear strength parameters, its precondition that the observation errors exist only in one observation variable is always being neglected. By analysis, the calculating of shear strength parameters is divided into three kind of situations, and a new approach to calculate the shear strength parameters is obtained according to the fact that the quadratic sum of distance between line and points in minimum, and the calculating formulae and applying scopes of three different calculating methods are also put forward. A calculating case shows that there are obvious differences among different calculating methods for determining the strength parameters, and it is necessary to select the calculating method based on the observation errors.
Study of Load Spectra of the Jaozhou Bay Expressway Based on MEPDG
Authors: Guo Lan Ying , Wei Jin Cheng , Cui Shi Ping
Published: September 2011

To study the traffic characteristic and axles load spectra of Jaozhou bay expressway, WIM data was collected, axle configuration and vehicles classification was determined. The characteristic of truck traffic monthly distribution and the truck hourly distribution was studied and axle load spectra for major tuck class groups were developed. The results show that there were more than 22 truck types running on the expressway, the peaks of truck traffic monthly distribution was in December and the rush hour of the hourly distribution was at noon. All major axles had a bimodal pattern of load spectra.
Experimental Study on the Performances of Cement Stabilized Iron Ore Tailing Gravel in Highway Application
Authors: Sun Ji Shu , Dou Yuan Ming , Chen Zhao Xia , Yang Chun Feng
Published: September 2011

Iron ore tailings as a kind of waste products after ore dressing is one of the major industrial solid wastes. Iron ore tailings not only cover huge land and pollute environment, but also give rise to security risks. The comprehensive utilization of iron ore tailings need to be studied systematically. According to the method in Test Methods of Materials Stabilized with Inorganic Binders for Highway Engineering, the technical performances of cement stabilized iron ore tailing gravel in highway application were studied by systemic experiments in this paper. These include the strength, modulus, and frost resistance property, water stability. And the influencing factors of the mixture strength were analyzed, too. The results show that the mixture of cement stabilized iron ore tailing gravel has higher strength and modulus, good frost resistance property and water stability. The technical performances of cement stabilized iron tailing gravel conform to the current specification, so it can be used as sub-base course or base course material.
Research on Ice and Snow Melting by Conductive Asphalt Concrete
Authors: Yuan Yu Qing , Gao Dan Ying , Shao Hui Jun , Fan Yan Dong
Published: September 2011

In order to solve the snowing and anti-icing problems, the electric heating asphalt concrete program was proposed. Conductive asphalt concrete samples, with copper mesh electrodes, with its size 20cm × 10cm were made, which was tested by three kinds of voltage heating temperature, and using natural snow to verify the hot performance. Experiments showed that the different points on surface have the different heating performances. When voltages are respectively in 12V, 24V, 36V, the temperature are at the range of 14.6~16°C, 11.7~29.6°C, 15~55°C. Natural snow melting experiments outside showed that the conductive asphalt concrete has a good effect, which becomes significant the sample is keeping with the power for 20 ~ 40 min. With time going on, the snow tends to disappearing completely, and the temperature of snow sample is always lower than the ambient temperature.
Two-Parameter Weibull Distribution Theory Testing Analysis in Fatigue Life of Asphalt Mixture
Authors: Sun Jie , Yu Jiang Miao , Zhao Hai Sheng
Published: September 2011

It has been commonly used normal distribution to describe the fatigue life of asphalt concrete. Because of the variability of the material itself and environmental conditions for test, experimental fatigue life datas obtained show a large discrete. Through a large number of laboratory tests and optimization of the strong representation of the data source, this paper verified distribution of the fatigue life of asphalt concrete in statistical in the use of two-parameter Weibull distribution theory and obtained fatigue life equation by regression under different failure probability.The results showed that: Weibull distribution theory can be used to describe asphalt concrete fatigue life distribution under the complicated conditions in a multi-factor.
Study on the Resultant Impedance Model and its Application for Hazardous Material Transportation
Authors: Ma Chang Xi , Chen Zhi Zhong
Published: September 2011

The hazardous materials on highway are becoming a lot of mobile hazardous sources. If the accidents occur, they can produce great influences for people, property and environment. With the development of economic, the transport volume of hazardous material is considerably increasing, and the potential risk of hazardous material for environment and mankind is enlarging. How to select the best transportation route, insure transportation safety and reach destination rapidly is an important problem for decision department. Aim at transportation network of hazardous materials, this paper studied the resultant impedance of each road. Then this paper turned the hazardous material highway transportation route decision-making problem into a single objective shortest path problem and applies the improved cellular automata model to solve it. Finally, an example confirmed the feasibility of the decision-making method. The decision-making method of hazardous material can help the government supervision and management department choose the best route.
Multi-Train Movement Simulation Research for Urban Rail Transit under Sudden Failure
Authors: Wang Zhi Qiang
Published: September 2011

Analyze the sudden failure influence to urban rail transit normal operation, has important significance to grasp the key of failure emergency treatment. This paper take moving block mode for example, first by use of multi-particle traction model, general consider the passenger comfort, safety control and other factors, design the multi-train tracking calculate model. Then according to the different influence to urban rail transit operation, classify the sudden failure into two kinds: sudden train failure and sudden section break off failure, analyze the multi-train movement simulate arithmetic under the two kinds of failure, based on this, design the simulation system’s workflow, build the urban rail transit multi-train movement simulate system under sudden failure. Finally, by analyze the calculate results of two kinds of failure, verified the system’s validity. Simulate urban rail transit multi-train movement process under sudden failure can master the detail instance about failure influence operation, deeply analysis the infect’s diffusion process caused by failure or delay, provide a powerful assist analyze tool to analysis the network’s operation reliability, constitute correlative emergency plan.
Expected Value Model for Vehicle Detection Station Location Problem with Random Detection Demand and Different Transportation Cost
Authors: Tian Guang Dong , Liu Yu Mei , Xie Jun , Lai Zheng Jian , Cao Xiao Ning
Published: September 2011

Vehicle detection station is the premise of planning other issues of it. In order to reasonably and practically solve the actual location problem of vehicle detection station, considering the influence of the changing of the number of detection vehicles and the different area road conditions, the expected value issue for vehicle detection station location problem with random detection demand and different transportation cost is introduced. In addition, genetic algorithm based on stochastic simulation is used to solve the established expected value model. The above study provides some guidelines for the actual decision-making of vehicle detection station.
Numerical Analysis of Highmay under the Traffic Load
Authors: Zhang Yan Mei , Pan Zhen Hua
Published: September 2011

Based on the geometry irregularity of pavement, an expression of the traffic load was put forward. The influence law of design parameters of each part of highway and geometry irregularity of pavement on dynamic response of highway was discussed by the developed two-dimension finite element numerical analysis procedure. The research shows that the vertical maximum vibration acceleration of pavement and subgrade attenuates according to certain trend along depth direction in different work conditions; with the foundation stiffness increasing, the vertical maximum vibration acceleration of base course and cushion increases gradually, and that of pavement surface, subgrade and foundation decreases, and the decreasing amplitude increases gradually along the depth direction; the size of the influence of subgrade on dynamic response of highway is relevant to itself stiffness; the rational matching of all parts of highway can effectively reduce the vibration response; with the increase of geometric irregularity index, the vertical maximum vibration acceleration and maximum dynamic stress of pavement and subgrade increases significantly.
Analysis on Game Behaviors of Passengers in Emergency Evacuation in Subway Station
Authors: Hong Ling , Xu Rui Hua
Published: September 2011

This paper proceeds from safety which is fundamental guarantee of rail transit sustainable development with the special environment of stations to analyze effects of passengers’ psychologies and behaviors and information of the emergency in the process of emergency evacuation, and studies the game features passengers and ‘emergency event’ and passengers in between. Firstly, single passageway is studied. Then the concept of relative density is presented, the relationship among evacuation time with passenger flow volume, running velocity of passengers, density, length and width of passageway are found out. Finally suggestions are made on contingency measures against the emergency.
Research on Sustainable Development Evaluation of Urban Rail Transit Investment Project Based on Rough Set
Authors: Hou Rong Hua , Bai Fei Biao , Zhu Jian Mei
Published: September 2011

The sustainable development evaluation of urban rail transit investment project is an important component of its post-evaluation. It is a complicated problem with multi-aspects, multi-levels, and multi-objectives involving the society, economy and environment and so on. Firstly it analyses the necessity of sustainable development evaluation of urban rail transit investment project and describes its concept, then discusses and expounds the multilevel evaluation index, and establishes the evaluation model of sustainable development for urban rail transit based on rough set and analytic hierarchy process. Finally, the result indicates that this evaluation method based on rough set is a simple and feasible method for the sustainable development evaluation on urban rail transit investment project.
Anti-Skid Thin Layer on Asphalt Pavement of Super Long Downgrades
Authors: Guan Hong Xin , Liu Jing , Zhang Qi Sen , Xu Cong Jia
Published: September 2011

Improving the skid resistance performance of asphalt pavement is an effective way to meet the requirements of safe driving on super long continuous downgrades. The anti-skid performance attenuation of SMA-16 was tested in laboratory. The results showed that SMA-16 could meet the requirement of anti-skid performance in early stage, but the anti-skid performance decreased rapidly on super long downgrades. The long-term anti-skid performance of anti-skid thin-layer had also been carried out in laboratory. We can come to conclusion that anti-skid thin paving layer can meet the requirements of anti-skid performance even in the end of design life. The anti-skid thin paving layer on super long downgrades was designed, which not only satisfied the durability of skid resistance performance but also reflected the demand of economics.
Study on Construction Order of Logistics Park Based on Combined Model of Analytic Hierarchy Process and Gray Comprehensive Evaluation
Authors: Yang Yang , Pu Tao , Li Kun Ying
Published: September 2011

Priority order decision of logistics parks construction project is an important issue in the process of logistics park planning. It needs to synthesize various factors, such as, politics, economy, society and environment, etc. Because there are some grey relationships among these factors, construction of the order of questions can be look on as a grey multi-objective evaluation. This paper brings forward a new priority decision method named hierarchy -gray comprehensive evaluation model to evaluate the building order of the logistics parks. An example is used to elaborate how to use this model; meanwhile, the method is proved more scientific and reliable.
Design and Research of Stiffness Instrument for Automotive Panel
Authors: Zhang Xiao Hui , Lei Cheng Xi , Cui Jun Jia , Xing Zhong Wen
Published: September 2011

With the popularity of automobile, the safety test of automotive part becomes more and more important. As one of important indexes, the stiffness can judge the safety of automobile. The slope of initial point on load-deflection curve was considered as the evaluation criterion of stiffness for panel parts, and the stiffness instrument was designed based on this working principle. The bulge-tensile stiffness of automotive panel was tested by this instrument, and the instrument could meet the requirement of measuring stiffness by analyzing experiment dates and calculating the measurement accuracy of test points.
Vibrating Simulation of Diesel Engine Based on Multi-Body Dynamics
Authors: Shao Kang , Liu Chang Wen , Bi Fong Rong , Du Xian Feng , Wang Xia , Zhang Jun Hong
Published: September 2011

Taking example of a four-cylinder inline diesel engine that used in vehicle, this paper makes an assembly engine of three-dimensional that based on virtual prototype technology. While using the flexible-body dynamics simulation, the main bearing load that effect engine’s vibration will be gained. And the key point vibration response will be gained when the support part constrained. The experimental results coincide with the simulation results shows the correction of the simulation analysis. The initial stage of the vibration can be predicted by using the method of multi-body system analysis, and this guide the designer to identify the engine vibration.
The Control Study of Vehicle Active Suspension with Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator
Authors: Kou Fa Rong
Published: September 2011

Actuator is the key to vehicle active suspension. Based on the analyses of traditional passive suspension and active suspension system, a novel vehicle active suspension with Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (EHA) is put forward. The system consists of two parts: spring and actuator with variable control force. The actuator is made up of hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic pump, controller and BLDCM. According to bond graph principles, bond graph model of 2 DOF passive suspensions and bond graph model of EHA active suspension are built. Moreover, fuzzy logic controller is designed and fuzzy control active suspension is simulated using MATLAB tools. The prototype and test rig of EHA active suspension are developed and bench tests are carried out. The simulation and experimental results show that fuzzy control active suspension with EHA provides better ride comfort, handling and stability than passive suspension.
Study on Matching Optimization of EPS Fuzzy Control
Authors: Xiao Jin Jian , Huang Si Min , Wang Yun Song
Published: September 2011

In order to resolve matching optimization between EPS and mechanical steering system of vehicle, the difference and rate between operating torque and ideal torque of steering wheel is set as the control target. Fuzzy controller would be adopted to change parameter of PD controller. Through these, real-time assistant voltage is dynamically adjusted and ideal assistant torque is gained; further operating torque of steering wheel, vehicle yaw rate and slip angle as performance indicators, selecting retarding mechanism parameter and PD controller as optimal objects, utilizing genetic algorithm, electric power assistant system (EPS) would be dynamically multi objects optimized; finally utilizing EPS testing system controller is online simulated and verified, test proves that fuzzy PD controller via multi objects optimization could effectively increase vehicles steering portability and stability.
Simplified Monte Carlo Model of Real-Time Traffic Flow Prediction
Authors: Xing Jian Ping , Meng Ling Guo , Sun Can , Li Jian Wen
Published: September 2011

Simplified Monte Carlo collision model of real-time traffic flow prediction is proposed. In this model, two different road cells, roads and crosses, are configured. Vehicle distribution is generated by real-time traffic flow randomly. Based on two-dimensional topology, Monte Carlo collision between road and vehicles promote time evolution of the system. Monte Carlo collision is the core of the model and traffic flow is study target. The solution of relationship equations of road and vehicles is very simple in this model to speed up the computing. In addition, parameters can be corrected and configured at any time in the process of time evolution. Experimental results show that the model has the advantages of real-time, visual interface, easy configuration, and can be corrected by real-time feedback. The model can not only simulate and predict macroscopic data, such as flow, velocity distribution, but also follow the track of each vehicle in detail. So, the model can be used in researching both macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of vehicle movement.
Urban Transportation Crowded Recognition Technology and Application
Authors: Gao Zhi Min , Liu Fa Sheng , Chen Meng
Published: September 2011

The urban road traffic congestion has not only brought many inconvenient for people's routine work and life, but also will restrict the growth of the economical, to accelerate the urban environment worsening and serious influence the city sustainable development. This paper studies based on the dynamic detection of urban road traffic congestion condition recognition technology can fast and accurate discover in the road network which already had the traffic congestion or soon occurs, then estimated the crowded proliferation scope and duration, which are advantageous to carry on the transportation induction and the traffic control promptly. And according to the different target client to the different emphasis point to the distinguish algorithm, has designed the urban road traffic congestion recognition grading warning system.
Pedestrian Evacuation Based on a Dynamic Parameters Model
Authors: Zhu Nuo , Jia Bin , Shao Chun Fu
Published: September 2011

A dynamic parameters model is presented based on cellular automata for pedestrian evacuation in this paper. The dynamic parameters: Direction-parameter, Empty-parameter and Cognition-parameter are formulated to simplify tactically the decision-making process of pedestrians, which can reflect the pedestrian judgment on the surrounding conditions and decide the pedestrian’s choice of action. Pedestrian moving rules were established, according to two-dimensional cellular automaton. The simulation results of the model are analyzed. It is observed that there is a linear relationship between evacuation time and pedestrian density, however, there is a negative exponential relationship between evacuation time and exit width. The simulation results correspond with the actual, it is instructional significant for pedestrian evacuation.
R&D on Wollastonite-Based Energy-Saving Construction Materials
Authors: Wang Xi Yuan , Wu Xiang , Li Ying Jie
Published: September 2011

This paper proposes a view to develop energy-conserving construction products made from synthetic material of wollastonite by means of joint-mold sleeve tube method and extrusion forming through the analysis on the energy consumption in the manufacturing process of traditional architectural terra-cotta materials. It conducts comparative study on energy consumption and carbon emission of traditional architectural terra-cotta products and energy-conserving construction products made from synthetic material of wollastonite and verifies the applicable value of low-carbon construction material, which is the basis for its development.
Correlation Between Bentonite’s Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) , Activated Clay Quality Indexes and Activation Strength
Authors: Liu Xiao Dong , Lu Xian Jun
Published: September 2011

In this article we collected bentonite samples from cities including Weifang, Laiyang and Laixi in Shandong province of China and tested their cation exchange capacity (CEC) . Orthogonal tests were designed to optimize the process parameters on acid activation. There are three quality indexes including activation degree(AD), bleaching capacity(BC) and decolorization ratio(DR) in the tests. Correlation between CEC and three quality indexes, CEC and activation strength were studied, as well as the correlation among the three quality indexes. The results show that AD and DR decrease with CEC’s diminution, while BC has no regular change with CEC’s decrease. In order to get large value of the three quality indexes, the activation strength needs increase along with the CEC’s diminution.We also find that the correlation among the three quality indexes vary with CEC. Judging by CEC, their correlation and the least energy consuming, activated clay of the best property and the various application can be prepared.
Effect of Nano Calcium Carbonate and Montmorillonite on Properties of Styrene–Butadiene–Styrene Copolymer Modified Asphalt
Authors: Han Nian Feng , Zhou De Jie , Tang Xin De
Published: September 2011

Composite modified asphalts with nano calcium carbonate (nano CaCO3)/ SBS and nano montmorillonite (nano MMT)/SBS were prepared respectively by melt blending. Rolling thin film oven test (RTFOT) was carried out to study the aging properties. The results demonstrate that CaCO3/SBS and MMT/SBS homogeneously disperse in the base asphalt, which lead to an improvement in terms of toughness, strength, and thermal stability. Effects of the nano CaCO3 and nano MMT on the properties of SBS modified asphalt appear as a decreasing penetration, an increasing softening point, and a decreasing ductility. The anti-aging property of the nano MMT/SBS modified asphalt was better than that of the CaCO3/SBS modified asphalt and SBS modified asphalt.
Effect Analysis of Double-Line Parallel Shield Tunnel Crossing Frame Structure Building Based on GTS
Authors: Wei Gang , Guo Qi Gang , Hong Jie
Published: September 2011

Considering the interaction of building-soil-tunnel, the grillage beams foundation frame building vertical crossed by Double-Line (DL) parallel shield tunnel was simulated by 3D MIDAS/GTS software. The results show that: after left-shield tunnel construction had done, during the passage of the right shield tunnelling, the differential settlement decreased gradually, settlement is slightly larger than the left when the right tunnel had ready crossed the building. Uneven settlement first increases, and then decreases gradually tends to zero. Lateral horizontal displacement changes little, and longitudinal horizontal displacement first increased and then decreases. The building’s maximum first principal stress exceeds the standard value, which may cause cracking. With the increase of L the distance from frame axis to the axis of the two tunnels, the first principal stress P1 and maximum shear strain MSmax tended to reduce in general. The maximum differential settlement between columns first increased and then decreased.
Study and Application of Plastic Construction Materials
Authors: Xue Mao Quan
Published: September 2011

As new building materials, plastic has light weigh, corrosion resistance, low thermal conductivity, thermal insulation, waterproof, energy-saving, molding convenient, high recycling characteristic, widely used in building materials. According to the research of improving its flame retardancy, strength, thermal insulation, waterproof properties, the application of plastic use in doors and windows, pipeline, building walls and roofs of buildings, etc. were reviewed, and the developing direction was discussed.
Analysis on Thermal Characteristics of Phase Change Roof and Insulation Roof
Authors: Wu Guo Zhong , Zhao Yan , Wang Jing , Li Dong
Published: September 2011

The two-dimensional unsteady heat transfer models of common roof, insulation roof and phase change roof were established, and the thermal characteristics of common roof, insulation roof and phase change roof with different phase transition temperature were analyzed based on CFD software, the hourly average temperature distribution of their top and bottom surface from initial stage to steady stage and 24-hour hourly average temperature distribution of and average heat flux of bottom surface in steady stage were also attained. The results show that, under air conditioning constant temperature mode, addition of insulation material and phase change material observably improve the heat insulation performance of roof structures, the cooling and energy saving effect of roof more obviously, the attenuation multiple and delay time of roof more obviously, and make the hourly distribution of average temperature and average heat flux of roof bottom surface much gentler. In addition, choosing a phase change material with suitable phase transition temperature according to outside air comprehensive temperature is the key to utilize its latent heat more effectively.
The Application of Structural Engineering with 3DS MaxScript
Authors: Wei Lu Shuang , Sun Kai , Zhang Jun Hong , Wei Qun
Published: September 2011

As a powerful 3D design software, 3DS MAX are usually used only as a manual drawing and modeling tool, not many designers use MaxScript modeling or to design animations. The article introduced the technique to implement the procedures, and proved the efficiency of this technique by applying it to two real-world structure engineering projects, in the area of Hydraulic Structure Engineering and Suspension Bridge Structure Engineering.
Micron Fly Ash/SBS Modified Bitumen: Preparation and Aging Property
Authors: Zhou De Jie , Han Nian Feng
Published: September 2011

Abstract. Micron fly ash/SBS modified bitumen composites were prepared by melt intercalation. The physical properties and ageing properties of micron fly ash/SBS modified bitumen were investigated. The results showed that micron fly ash/SBS modified bitumen exhibited a decreasing penetration, an increasing softening point, and a decreasing ductility. Compared with that of SBS modified bitumen, the anti-aging property of the micron fly ash/SBS modified bitumen becomes worse.
Research on the Performance of Asphalt Modified by SBS Rubber and Carbon Nanotube
Authors: Sun Ling , Guan Hui , Ge Qi
Published: September 2011

In this study, by the way of adding functional carbon nanotubes into the SBS modified rubber powder to obtain a new type of composite asphalt modifier. The new modified bitumen was prepared with the asphalt compound modifier. A lot of structure and road performance tests were carried out about the new modified asphalt and its mixture. The results demonstrated that after adding new type of carbon nanotube, the modified asphalt obtained a more stable internal structure; the performance index (softening point, penetration, and ductility) had better performance.
Multi-Object Resonant Response Equivalent Static Wind Load of Large-Span Roofs
Authors: Li Yu Xue , Yang Qing Shan , Tian Yu Ji
Published: September 2011

According to the strain energy equivalent, the resonant response equivalent static wind load of large span roof is derived. It solves the matter that should consider numerous structural response control objects on calculating equivalent static wind load for large span roofs, and establishes relationship with the structural strain energy introduced by fluctuant wind loads. Finally, the method is used to resonant equivalent static wind load analysis of 2008 Beijing Olympic Tennis Center Stadium roof structure. The results illustrate that the method proposed in this paper is effective and the precision is reliable.
The Minimum Information List of Reconstruction Traffic Accident by 3 Dimension Animation
Authors: Wang Arnold , Cheng Li Yang , Chu Zhi Hao , Wu Meng Da
Published: September 2011

How to reconstruction traffic accident promptly and precisely is stakeholder’s goal. However, most traffic accident data records are incomplete was found. Exploring the reasons, people forgets to keep scene in complete because of saving injuries, recover the traffic or moving incident for escaping penalty. The minimum information list record the emergency data people have to record in first time. The research came from when three dimension reconstruction method is used, there is a gap with respect to reality. How to ensure the reconstruction animation conform to real situation. The minimum information list is a good way. The idea also can apply to other perspective.
Research on the Relationship between the Drilling Cutting Gas Desorption Index △h2 and Parameters of Gas Occurrence
Authors: Gao Jian Liang , Wang Yu
Published: September 2011

The drilling cutting gas desorption index △h2is one of the most important indexes for the prediction of coal and gas outburst. Based on the mathematical and physical model of the gas diffusion of coal particles, the analytical solution of △h2was deduced. The relationship between the drilling cutting gas desorption index △h2and parameters of gas occurrence such as the gas diffusion coefficient, adsorption constants (a and b), gas pressure, and gaSubscript textSubscript texts content were studied. The results show that △h2increases and gas diffusion resistance decreases with the gas diffusion coefficient. The drilling cutting gas desorption index △h2increases with the adsorption constant a, and the two meet the linear relationship. △h2increases with the adsorption constant b and the raising rate gets lower gradually. And, △h2increases with the gas pressure, and the two meet the power relationship with very high correlation coefficient.△h2and gas content are in linear relationship.
Test Study on the Durability of Recycled Concrete Mixed with Recycled Concrete Powder and Aggregate
Authors: Dong Yun , Wang Bao Tian , Li Hong Jun , He Wei Zhong
Published: September 2011

Recycled fine concrete aggregate can not be directly used for concrete for its large water absorption, so we get recycled concrete powder through grinding process, and carried out series experimental studies on the recycled concrete powder. The results show that the technical parameters of recycled concrete powder can achieve the requirements of S95 grade slag powder. The slump constant of recycled concrete mixed with recycled concrete powder is slightly less than slag concrete,while cohesiveness and water retention is better than slag concrete. Replace slag powder with recycled concrete powder, the recycled concrete has high early strength but post-intensity does not change significantly. Recycled concrete powder replacement slag powder does not reduce the impermeability, frost resistance and carbonation resistance of recycled concrete. The conclusion shows that recycled concrete powder can completely replace slag powder in concrete to realize full efficiency reuse of waste concrete.
The Elastic Parameters Analysis of Asphalt Overlay the Crashed Cement Concrete Pavement Based on Reliability Theory
Authors: Wang Ying , Yang Lu
Published: September 2011

Overlay asphalt on the crashed cement concrete pavement is used widely in old cement concrete pavement reconstruction. at present, Aiming at the differences of mechanical response of this compound pavement structure system, paper introduced the road deflection as the control index and discussed the influence to road reliability index caused by elastic parameters of each layer as well as the sensitivity analysis based on the stochastic finite element method and reliability theory. Results show that the reliability index is greater as the asphalt overlay elastic modulus and crashed layer elastic modulus is increasing and lower as the increase of coefficient of variation, also the elastic modulus of asphalt overlay play a most important role in the diversification of deflection and bottom stress.
Research on Dynamic Response of Underground Circular Lining Tunnel under the Action of P Waves
Authors: Xu Hua , Li Tian Bin , Li Long Qi
Published: September 2011

Dynamic stress concentration of tunnels and underground engineers under the action of earthquake waves is a fundamental problem. Selecting circular lining tunnel in semi-infinite space under the action of P waves as prototype, based on the assumption of large circular arc, a set of dynamic stress series solution in semi-infinite space and lining is deduced by wave function expansion method. With specific examples, the influences on shallow-buried depth rock tunnels of different factors which include incident frequency, incident angle, buried depth, rock conditions and lining rigidity are studied. The results show that low-frequency P waves are more dangerous to tunnel lining than high-frequency P waves; When P waves is incident from the bottom of the vertical tunnel or small angle (θα = 0° ~ 30°), the damage of tunnel lining is more seriously; Under the hard rock conditions, when the tunnel buried depth reaches more than 100m, the thickness of overlying rock is not a major factor effecting the dynamic stress and earthquake damages of tunnel structure lining; Under the soft surrounding rock condition, the value of dynamic stress concentration coefficient of lining is still up to 6.5 when the buried depth of tunnels is more than 100m, and what’s more the tunnel lining may still be caused seriously earthquake damage; With the increasing of lining stiffness, the dynamic stress concentration of lining is more uneven, and the value span is greater; so under the premise of meeting bearing capacity and deformation of lining, soft lining is recommended to adapt in the tunnel structure to decrease earthquake damage of tunnels.
Study on the Reinforced Concrete Column Strengthened by GHPFRCC with High Volume of Fly Ash
Authors: Li Xiu Ling , Luo Min
Published: September 2011

The tensile strength and ductility of normal concrete are dissatisfactory and these lead to some durability problems for reinforced concrete structure. On the other hand, China’s production and consumption of concrete is the largest in the world, and with the rapid economic development the number also continue to increase. A new class of more sustainable cement-based materials is urgently needed in China. This paper reports on the development of engineering cementitious composites (ECC), and a unique green high-performance fiber-reinforced cementitious composite (GHPFRCC) with high volumes of fly ash and PVA fiber is proposed. The detailed procedure of GHPFRCC is presented. The calculated equations of the load-bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete column retrofitted by GHPFRCC are proposed.