bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La inteligencia artificial y la video-vigilancia en la predicción y detección de delitos en espacio-tiempo: una revisión sistemática
Authors:   Universidad Católica de Santa María Arequipa, Perú, Barragán-Huamán Hernán Yonathan , Cataño-Añazco Kevin Elías ,   Universidad Católica de Santa María Arequipa, Perú, Sevincha-Chacabana Mauricio Adriano ,   Universidad Católica de Santa María Arequipa, Perú, Vargas-Salas Obed ,   Universidad Católica de Santa María Arequipa, Perú
Published: April 2023

En la sociedad de hoy los delitos vienen incrementándose y particularmente en la ciudad de Bogotá, lo que ha causado muchos inconvenientes a la Policía Nacional de Colombia, así como también a los centros de seguridad ciudadana. Ante esta situación, se ha propuesto una predicción de tiempo-espacio en los puntos críticos de crímenes y delitos, con la ayuda de inteligencia artificial. Por consiguiente, este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar, resumir, interpretar y evaluar las distintas técnicas de predicción espacio-temporal de la delincuencia con un panorama inteligente. Por la propia naturaleza de la investigación, se utilizó una metodología de enfoque descriptivo-cualitativo, con la cual se diseñaron fichas de observación estructurada para sistematizar información de cinco bases de datos: Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE, ACM, Springer; dichas publicaciones comprenden desde 2019 hasta junio de 2021. En consecuencia, se encontraron en total 3015 estudios, después del proceso de cribado y verificación de los criterios de exclusión e inclusión, se seleccionaron 132 artículos, luego se aplicaron preguntas Psicólogo Interno Residente (PIR), quedando así 18 artículos. Los principales hallazgos encontrados indican que los algoritmos de redes neuronales resultaron ser uno de los métodos más eficaces para la detección de puntos críticos de delincuencia, dado que los grandes avances de la tecnología coadyuvarían en los próximos años a predecir de forma rápida y eficaz los actos delictivos y los crímenes ubicados en cualquier región del continente latinoamericano.
Feminidades y masculinidades relacionadas con el tráfico de drogas en Sonora, México
Authors:   Universidad Estatal de Sonora Hermosillo, México, Piña Osuna Francisco Manuel , Barragán Bórquez Antonio de Jesús ,   Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo Hermosillo, México
Published: April 2023

Este estudio busca describir elementos de masculinidad y feminidad relacionados en el ingreso y el accionar en una actividad delictiva de alto impacto: el tráfico de drogas. Respetando una metodología cualitativa, se utilizó una entrevista semiestructurada a un grupo de personas que se dedicaron al tráfico de drogas en el estado de Sonora, México, dos mujeres y siete hombres, para explorar elementos de feminidad y masculinidad relacionados con el ingreso al tráfico de drogas en cuatro dimensiones: poder, economía, estética y cuerpo. Se muestra que los analizados buscan en el tráfico cumplir con modelos impuestos socialmente en función de su género; existen también diferenciaciones que sugieren una revalorización en sus maneras de ejercer el poder, sus metas económicas y el uso del cuerpo para obtener cuotas de poder.
Taxation Policy and Public Economic Growth and Development in Nigeria
Authors: Kehinde FASUA Henry , Thompson MAYAKI Adeolu , Fatoba ADEBAYO Sunday
Published: May 2023

This study examines taxation policy and public economic growth and development in Nigeria. Data were obtained from the yearly financial reports of the Central Bank of Nigeria on the Real Gross Domestic Product, Petroleum Profit Tax, Value Added Tax and Company Income Tax covering a period of 10 year, from 2011-2020 to test for relationship that exists between taxation policy and economic growth and development. A regressions analysis was used for the analysis of the data and pre-estimation tests were carried out. The findings of this study showed that all the explanatory variables (PPT, VAT and CIT) have significant positive relationships with dependent variable (RGDP) The study concludes that there is significant positive relationship between taxation policy and economic growth and development and recommends that every sector should comply with tax policy and standards established in order to reduce tax avoidance and evasion as well as increase government total revenue.
Exploring the Capabilities and Limitations of ChatGPT and Alternative Big Language Models
Authors: AlZu'bi Shadi , Mughaid Ala , Quiam Fatima , Hendawi Samar
Published: April 2023

ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence (AI)-powered chatbot developed by OpenAI, has gained immense popularity since its public launch in November 2022. With its ability to write essays, emails, poems, and even computer code, it has become a useful tool for professionals in various fields. However, ChatGPT’s responses are not always rooted in reality and are instead generated by a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN). This paper aims to build a text classification model for a chatbot using Python. The model is trained on a dataset consisting of customer responses to a survey and their corresponding class labels. Many classifiers are trained and tested, such as naive Bayes, random forest, extra trees, and decision trees. The results show that the extra trees classifier performs the best with an accuracy of 90%. The system demonstrates the importance of text preprocessing and selecting appropriate classifiers for text classification tasks in building an effective chatbot. In this paper, we also explore the capabilities and limitations of ChatGPT and its alternatives in 2023. We present a comprehensive overview of the alternative’s performance. The work here concludes with a discussion of the future directions of large language models and their impact on society and technology.
 
Received: 1 March 2023 | Revised: 26 April 2023 | Accepted: 26 April 2023
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
Heart Disease Prediction Using Support Vector Machine and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Mondal Aishwarya , Mondal Banhishikha , Chakraborty Amaresh , Kar Agnita , Biswas Ayanty , Banerjee Majumder Annwesha
Published: April 2023

Heart-related illnesses, often known as cardiovascular diseases, have been the leading cause of mortality globally over the past several decades and are now recognized as the most major illness in both India and the rest of the globe. The severity out of the disease can be avoided with proper care at proper stage. This disease claims early and accurate prediction to avoid causalities. As proper medical support is not adequate, diseases are not being identified at the proper time and treatment cannot be started. Machine learning algorithms have shown promise in predicting heart disease risk based on patient data. In this study, a machine learning-based heart disease prediction model has been presented. The objective of the work is to build a machine learning-based model for early and adequate prediction of heart disease. The proposed model has utilized support vector machine and artificial intelligence with an accuracy of 81.6% and 86.6%, respectively. The findings show that the model predicts heart disease risk with excellent accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, offering healthcare professionals a useful tool to pinpoint people who may be more at risk of developing heart disease.
 
Received: 6 March 2023 | Revised: 17 April 2023 | Accepted: 23 April 2023 
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
Intra-annual National Statistical Accounts Based on Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Garai Sandip , Paul Ranjit Kumar , Kumar Mohit , Choudhury Anish
Published: April 2023

The methods used for forecasting financial series are based on the concept that a pattern can be identified in the data and distinguished from randomness by smoothing past values. This smoothing process eliminates randomness from the data, enabling the inherent pattern to be used for forecasting. However, acquiring high-frequency national accounts data can be challenging, and complicated methods are required to achieve disaggregated series that are compatible with annual totals. Therefore, there is a need for simpler techniques to obtain high-frequency data from low-frequency equivalents. Machine learning algorithms are rapidly evolving, and feedforward artificial neural networks (ANNs) with appropriate training mechanisms have been proposed to temporally disaggregate economic series without considering related indicators. This study proposes using the ANNs algorithm to disaggregate national statistical accounts. An application of disaggregating annual Australia gross domestic product data into quarterly data has also been presented. The higher frequency data generated have been compared with the observed quarterly data to assess its accuracy. Comparative study suggests that the ANN-based model outperforms over benchmark methods such as Chow and Lin method (CL1) and Fernandez method (f).
 
Received: 18 March 2023 | Revised: 17 April 2023 | Accepted: 27 April 2023
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in [Australian Bureau of Statistics] at https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/economy/national-accounts/australian-national-accounts-national-income-expenditure-and-product/latest-release.
Features of growth and development of Lavandula angustifolia when grown under drip irrigation conditions in the Southern Steppe zone of Ukraine
Authors: Kachanova Tetiana , Manushkina Tetiana , Kovalenko Oleg
Published: May 2023

In the context of climate change, agriculture must respond to new challenges – one of them is the search for and adaptation of new plant varieties in areas where they have not been grown on an industrial scale. The research aims to investigate the effect of biological treatment on the growth and development of Lavandula angustifolia under different irrigation methods to increase the efficiency of its use as an industrial crop in the Southern Steppe zone of Ukraine. The species L. angustifolia is primarily important as an essential oil crop and is used in the preparation of food and beverages, perfumery, medicine, pharmacy, cosmetics, industry, for air purification from particulate matter in urban plantations, as a honey plant and for decorative purposes. In the research. A randomized scheme of blocks with a 2x2 factorial arrangement was used with two bacterial preparations (“Azogran A” and “Biocomplex BTU”) and two moisture levels (80-70-70% MHC and 90-80-70% MHC) in triple repetition. Plants in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd year of vegetation were analysed following several factors, such as the beginning and end of the vegetative phase, the beginning of the budding phase, the flowering period, and the ratio of these indicators to the amount of heat received during the growing season. Phenotypic characteristics, green and dry mass yields, percentage of essential oils, and conditional yields were also evaluated under all the studied conditions. Overall, it was established, that the biggest stimulative effect on the growth of L. angustifolia was found when growing lavender under the irrigation regime of 90-80-70% MHC with double top dressing of plantings in the budding phase “Biocomplex BTU” – these plants were the most developed and had noticeably higher dry mass and theoretical yield. Therefore, the control of irrigation and treatment with biological products makes the prospect of industrial lavender cultivation in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine more accessible
Design, Development and Innovation of Rotating Brake-Pads
Authors: Harsh Madnani
Published: May 2023

The aim of this contribution is to provide with new approach and improved technology of braking which even though exists in just theoretical sense can be a potential replacement of the system which shares similar building blocks and concepts used in any other conventional braking systems. It consists of 4 calipers running all around the rotor with the shear intension of giving a support structure to the pads who along with just working as any other conventional disc brake, also rotates in the opposite direction of the rotor which not only suffice all the benefits of conventional disc brake but also offers more adjustments and tunability for the new system. This reverse rotation of pads help in mitigating the inertial forces being applied on the rotor while in motion and in general theoretical perspective improves the consistency and efficiency of braking system. It has a specially designed& developed CAD model for brake pads which sharetooth profile of a sprocket on the circumference of the pressure plate (after which on the face of the plate are usually the brake pads assembled). It also exhibits a novel and versatile mechanism developed using designing software to run the whole system effortlessly without compromising much. As this mechanism is a standalone system it can be mounted on the exact mounting points as any other assembly of rotor and calliper in a braking system. These results and finding can be incorporated in ample fields where there is a need for better and effective braking technology which usually runs in high risk environment
Math Word Problem Solver using Machine Learning
Authors: Bhuvanesh Patil  , Gauri Mahore  , Ankit Kumar  , Saurabh Varule  , Prof. Laxman Pawar
Published: May 2023

This paper presents a deep neural solver to automatically solve math word problems. In contrast to previous statistical learning approaches, we directly translate math word problems to equation templates using a recurrent neural network (RNN) model, without sophisticated feature engineering. We further design a hybrid model that combines the RNN model and a similarity-based retrieval model to achieve additional performance improvement. Experiments conducted on a large dataset show that the RNN model and the hybrid model significantly outperform state of-the-art statistical learning methods for math word problem solving.
Preparation and response to a targeted automobile ramming mass casualty (TARMAC) attack: An analysis of the 2017 Charlottesville, Virginia TARMAC attack
Authors: Phillips, MD James P. , Young, MD Jeffrey S. , Brady, MD William J.
Published: May 2023

Targeted automobile ramming mass casualty (TARMAC) attacks have recently become a common modality for those wishing to inflict mass harm. Intentional vehicular ramming is a unique wounding mechanism and deserves special consideration. An emergency response case analysis of the 2017 TARMAC attack in Charlottesville was conducted to review preparedness and identify shortcomings at the University of Virginia Health System University Hospital. Intentional mass blunt trauma is unique to TARMAC events, and current all-hazards approach preparedness may not suffice. TARMAC attacks warrant further attention by disaster medicine specialists; with adequate data, researchers may identify injury patterns and “lessons learned” that may improve mitigation strategies, provider preparation, and overall emergency care.
Municipal Socialism and Housing in
Red Vienna (1919–1934)
Authors: Haderer Margaret
Published: April 2023

In Vienna after WWI, the newly empowered Austro-Marxists took it upon
themselves to bring about “new socialist men” by democratic means. The
provision of much-needed housing was key to this undertaking. Within
less than a decade, the Austro-Marxists did solve the housing question by
building municipal housing, which has been shaping Vienna ever since.
The Austro-Marxists’ specific approach to turning citizens into new men
was, however, deeply indebted to bourgeois traditions and pedagogy:
the imparting of knowledge ‘from above’. An alternative to the latter did
exist in the form of the ‘Wild Settlers’, a housing movement that was also
committed to the goal of socialism but opted for ‘revolutionary practice’
(Marx) instead of bourgeois pedagogy to achieve this goal.
Olumlu Bağımsız Denetçi Görüşü ile Kârlılık Oranları Arasındaki İlişkinin TOPSIS Yöntemiyle Değerlendirilmesi: BİST’te Bir Uygulama
Authors: SATIR Haluk , KOCA Nurettin
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmada, Borsa İstanbul’da işlem gören dokuma, giyim eşyası ve deri sektörü işletmelerinden olumlu bağımsız denetçi görüşü alan işletmelerin, 2017-2021 dönemine ait kârlılık oranları TOPSIS analiz yöntemiyle incelenerek, elde edilen sonuçlara göre işletmelerin sıralanması amaçlanmıştır. Analiz kapsamına alınan işletmelere ait veriler, Kamu Aydınlatma Platformu’nun internet adresindeki sayfasından elde edilmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre, kârlılık oranları kriteri esas alınarak yapılan sıralama sonuçlarının yıllar itibariyle farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Yataş Yatak ve Yorgan Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş. 2017, 2019 ve 2020 yıllarında, Bossa Sanayi İşletmeleri A.Ş. ise 2018 ve 2021 yıllarında birincilik elde ederek kârlılık performansı en yüksek işletmeler olarak tespit edilmiştir. Derimod Konfeksiyon Ayakkabı Deri Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş. 2019 ve 2021 yıllarında, Söktaş Tekstil Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş. ise 2018 ve 2020 yıllarında sıralamanın sonunda yer alarak kârlılıkları en düşük işletmeler olarak belirlenmiştir.
Chuvas em Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará: análise dos extremos e suas repercussões
Authors: Luna Vinicius Ferreira , Duarte Cristiana Coutinho , Silva Juliana Maria Oliveira , Anjos Lillian Souza Dos , Nóbrega Ranyére Silva
Published: April 2023

A ocorrência de eventos extremos de chuvas e seus impactos já A ocorrência de eventos extremos de chuva e os impactos associados já representam uma séria ameaça à vida, principalmente no Brasil, pois o país evoluiu muito pouco no gerenciamento de risco de desastres. Diante disto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar e analisar eventos extremos de chuva na cidade de Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará, no período de 1991 a 2021 e definir um limiar de chuva diária para esta. Para análise dos dados pluviométricos foram utilizadas a técnica dos quantis e estatística descritiva; para a observação dos impactos associados empregou-se de matérias jornalísticas do Diário do Nordeste e G1, como também imagens de satélite do Centro de Previsão de Tempo e Estudos Climáticos - CPTEC/INPE, a fim de identificar os sistemas atmosféricos atuantes durante os episódios extremos. Constatou-se, portanto, que os meses mais chuvosos estão associados a quadra chuvosa da região (janeiro a abril). Já para os dados diários foi possível estabelecer três limiares ligados a eventos com chuva em 24 horas: eventos chuvosos (20,0mm), muito chuvosos (37,0mm) e extremamente chuvosos (62,0mm). A partir da análise dos impactos foi possível observar a coerência dos limiares levantados e que eles condizem com a realidade de Juazeiro do Norte.
Projeção SWAT para análise da pluviosidade da bacia hidrográfica do rio Ipojuca
Authors: Silva Luís Roberto Cavalcanti da , Melo Clarissa Maria Pereira de , Penzo Tauan De Almeida , Ferreira Vanessa Cristina Rodrigues
Published: April 2023

No intuito de observar o escoamento superficial e os índices de inundações ocorridos na bacia do Rio Ipojuca, foram elaboradas simulações através do modelo Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), na tentativa de levantar os parâmetros hidrológicos de modo que os cenários simulados se aproximem dos dados reais. O presente estudo visa gerar a calibração da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Ipojuca, com a finalidade de organizar um banco de dados que proporcione suporte a outras pesquisas, bem como, a ações para a gestão dos recursos hídricos. Nesse contexto, a pesquisa consiste em mostrar e comparar os possíveis aumentos de escoamento anual pela análise de quatro cenários obtidos através do modelo SWAT para a bacia do Rio Ipojuca, no estado de Pernambuco, a fim de subsidiar o Sistema de Unidades de Resposta Hidrológica para Pernambuco (SUPer). Com isso, verificaram-se grandes possibilidades de enchentes ao longo da bacia, agravada pelas atividades antrópicas.
Análise das precipitações pluviométricas do município de Serra Talhada-PE e determinação da equação de chuvas intensas por meio de distribuição probabilística
Authors: Silva Gustavo Ribeiro da , Oliveira Daniel Vitor Carvalho de , Oliveira Júnior Antônio Italcy de , Carvalho Ítalo Johnes de
Published: April 2023

A compreensão acerca das precipitações máximas de um município é utilizada, dentre outros aspectos, no dimensionamento de sistemas de drenagem urbana, em projetos de engenharia hidráulica e no estudo de alternativas para diminuir os impactos causados pelas chuvas intensas. Um dos métodos para o cálculo dessas chuvas é em decorrência da determinação de parâmetros da equação de Intensidade-Duração-Frequência (IDF), através do tratamento dos dados pluviométricos por meio da distribuição probabilística de Gumbel. O município de Serra Talhada, localizado no sertão Pernambucano, é banhado pelo rio Pajeú, que possui uma área de inundação que cobre uma considerada área da zona comercial da cidade, o que contribui para os danos causados quando há a incidência de chuvas intensas, desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é determinar os parâmetros da equação IDF, capaz de calcular precipitações intensas para períodos de retorno entre 2 e 100 anos. Para isto, foi utilizada uma série histórica de 50 anos de dados pluviométricos, onde os valores dos parâmetros foram determinados através do método de desagregação de chuvas. Os resultados encontrados foram k=989,995; m=0,2075; n=0,7847 e b=14,4. Assim, a equação obtida neste trabalho apresenta alta confiabilidade para a determinação das chuvas intensas acordadas com diferentes períodos de retorno.
Percepção ambiental e gestão participativa em unidade de conservação sob a ótica dos membros do conselho gestor da ARIE Floresta da Cicuta, no sul fluminense
Authors: Oliveira Marcelle Floering , Paiva Roberta Fernanda A Paz de Souza , Freitas Welington Kiffer de
Published: April 2023

A expansão das cidades e o padrão das atividades antrópicas nelas desenvolvidas vêm acarretando diversos impactos ambientais, contribuindo para a perda da qualidade ambiental e do bem-estar da população. A gestão dos recursos naturais deve considerar tais questões, priorizando a necessidade da coexistência sustentável entre homem e meio ambiente. O entendimento da percepção ambiental dos grupos envolvidos na gestão ambiental se coloca como o primeiro passo para que sejam adotados instrumentos de gestão efetivos. Nesse sentido, o estudo objetivou captar a percepção de membros do Conselho Gestor da ARIE Floresta da Cicuta, acerca de questões ambientais e de gestão. A referida ARIE é uma importante unidade de conservação de uso sustentável, localizada na área urbana de dois municípios do sul fluminense que possuem elevado potencial poluidor. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas junto aos membros do conselho gestor da ARIE, para as quais obteve-se 70% de respostas. Percebeu-se que os conselheiros são atuantes e perceptivos em relação ao que são e qual é a importância dos serviços ecossistêmicos prestados pela ARIE para a manutenção da qualidade ambiental. Identificou-se ainda, que a gestão participativa da floresta contribui para a efetividade de suas ações, mas, para que os resultados esperados possam ser alcançados, deve ser trabalhada a interação e atuação do conselho junto aos órgãos deliberativos, já que o Comitê atua de maneira consultiva. Destacou-se ainda, a necessidade da realização de programas de educação ambiental junto à população, para fomentar o interesse pela área e pelas questões ambientais.
General Additive Network Effect Models
Authors: Bui Trang , Steiner Stefan H. , Stevens Nathaniel T.
Published: April 2023

In the interest of business innovation, social network companies often carry out experiments to test product changes and new ideas. In such experiments, users are typically assigned to one of two experimental conditions with some outcome of interest observed and compared. In this setting, the outcome of one user may be influenced by not only the condition to which they are assigned but also the conditions of other users via their network connections. This challenges classical experimental design and analysis methodologies and requires specialized methods. We introduce the general additive network effect (GANE) model, which encompasses many existing outcome models in the literature under a unified model-based framework. The model is both interpretable and flexible in modeling the treatment effect as well as the network influence. We show that (quasi) maximum likelihood estimators are consistent and asymptotically normal for a family of model specifications. Quantities of interest such as the global treatment effect are defined and expressed as functions of the GANE model parameters, and hence inference can be carried out using likelihood theory. We further propose the “power-degree” (POW-DEG) specification of the GANE model. The performance of POW-DEG and other specifications of the GANE model are investigated via simulations. Under model misspecification, the POW-DEG specification appears to work well. Finally, we study the characteristics of good experimental designs for the POW-DEG specification. We find that graph-cluster randomization and balanced designs are not necessarily optimal for precise estimation of the global treatment effect, indicating the need for alternative design strategies.
Beden Eğitimi Öğretmeni Adaylarının İş Bulma Kaygı Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ASAN Selim
Published: April 2023

Her geçen gün artan işsiz sayısı ekonomik ve sosyal hayatı etkileyen önemli bir toplumsal sorun olmuştur. Tüm dünyada var olan işsizlik, Türkiye'de de ekonomik ve sosyal problemlerin en önde gelenlerinde biridir. Gündemdeki öncelikli konulardan biri olan işsizlik, Türkiye'de son yıllarda daha ciddi boyutlara ulaşmış ve yapısal bir sorun haline gelmiştir. Bu bilgiler doğrultusunda bu çalışmanın amacı; Beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmeni adaylarının iş bulma kaygı düzeylerinin yaş, cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi ve akademik başarı gibi değişkenler açısından incelenmesidir. Araştırmaya 2022- 2023 eğitim öğretim yılında Erzurum Teknik Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesinde öğrenim gören 62 erkek, 61 kadın olmak üzere toplam 123 öğrenci gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Verilerin toplama aracı olarak araştırmacı tarafından oluşturulmuş kişisel bilgi formu ve “Spor Bilimleri Öğrencilerinin İş Bulma Kaygısı Ölçeği (SÖİBKÖ)” kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirliği, Aslan ve Uğraş (2021) tarafından yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri SPSS paket programında tanımlayıcı istatistikler T testi ve Anova testi ile elde edilmiştir. Analizlerin tamamında p
POST-PANDEMIC MIGRATION PROCESSES AND THEIR CHALLENGES FOR THE COUNTRY
Authors:   Georgian National University SEU, Pitiurishvili Lia , Sesadze Neli , Grishikashvili Ambrosi
Published: May 2023

Global migration manifests itself in many forms: economic migrants are forced to voluntarily leave their homeland in search of work, refugees are forced to leave their country as a result of conflict and violence. The source of migration processes today is technological, geopolitical, and climatic change. With globalization and increased mobility, people have more opportunities to study and work around the world. Migration processes have not bypassed Georgia either. In the case of Georgia, legal migration is determined by these three main reasons, although the emphasis is still on labor migration. Migration can be an economic good, but it can also become a serious problem for the economic or political life of a country. The non-return of young people who have left the country for education, the “brain drain,” and other important challenges for the country necessitate effective migration management. Keywords Migration, globalization, circular migration,”brain drain”.
Air pollution trapping in the Dresden Basin induced by natural and urban topography
Authors: Weger Michael , Heinold Bernd
Published: April 2023

Abstract. The microscale variability of urban air pollution is essentially driven by the interaction between meteorology and urban topography, which remains challenging to represent spatially accurately and computationally efficiently in urban dispersion models. Natural topography can additionally exert a considerable amplifying effect on urban background pollution, depending on atmospheric stability. This requires an equally important representation in models, as even subtle terrain-height variations can enforce characteristic local flow regimes. In this model study, the effects of urban and natural topography on the local winds and air pollution dispersion in the Dresden Basin in the Eastern German Elbe valley are investigated. A new, efficient urban microscale model is used within a multiscale air-quality modeling framework. The simulations that consider real meteorological and emission conditions focus on two periods in late winter and early summer, respectively, as well as on black carbon (BC), a key air pollutant mainly emitted from motorized traffic. As a complement to the commonly used mass concentrations, the particle-age content (age concentration) is simulated. This concept, which was originally developed to study hydrological reservoir flows in an Eulerian framework, is adapted here for the first time for atmospheric boundary-layer modeling. The approach is used to identify stagnant or recirculating orographic air flows and resulting air pollution trapping. An empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis is applied to the simulation results to attribute the air pollution modes to specific weather patterns and quantify their significance. Air quality monitoring data for the region are used for model evaluation. The model results show a strong sensitivity to atmospheric conditions, but generally confirm increased BC levels in Dresden due to the valley location. The horizontal variability of mass concentrations is dominated by the patterns of traffic emissions, which overlay potential orography-driven pollutant accumulations. Therefore, an assessment of the orographic impact on air pollution is usually inconclusive. However, using the age concentration metric, which filters out direct emission effects, previously undetected spatial patterns are discovered that are largely modulated by the surface orography. The comparison with a dispersion simulation assuming spatially homogeneous emissions also proves the robustness of the orographic flow information contained in the age concentrations distribution and shows it to be a suitable metric to assess orographic air-pollution trapping. The simulation analysis indicates several air quality hotspots on the south-western slopes of the Dresden Basin and in the southern side valley, the Döhlen Basin, depending on the prevailing wind direction.
Regularization and L-curves in ice sheet inverse models, a case study in the Filchner-Ronne catchment
Authors: Wolovick Michael , Humbert Angelika , Kleiner Thomas , Rückamp Martin
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Over the past three decades, inversions for ice sheet basal drag have become commonplace in glaciological modeling. Such inversions require regularization to prevent over-fitting and ensure that the structure they recover is a robust inference from the observations, confidence which is required if they are to be used to draw conclusions about processes and properties of the ice base. While L-curve analysis can be used to select the optimal regularization level, the treatment of L-curve analysis in glaciological inverse modeling has been highly variable. Building on the history of glaciological inverse modeling, we demonstrate general best practices for regularizing glaciological inverse problems, using a domain in the Filchner-Ronne catchment of Antarctica as our test bed. We show a step by step approach to cost function normalization and L-curve analysis. We show that the optimal regularization level converges towards a finite non-zero limit in the continuous problem, associated with a best knowable basal drag field. We find that, when inversion results are judged by a metric that accounts for both the variance of the result and the quality of the fit, then they support nonlinear as opposed to linear sliding laws. We also find that geometry-based approximations for effective pressure degrade inversion performance, but that an actual hydrology model may marginally improve performance in some cases. Our results with 3D inversions suggest that the additional model complexity is not justified by the 2D nature of the velocity data, but we are hopeful that inversions of 3D models may be better situated to take advantage of new constraints in the future. We conclude with recommendations for best practices in glaciological inversions moving forward.
المنعطفات النهرية والوحدات الارضية الناتجة عنها: نهر دجلة ما بين مدينة العلم والحافة الصدعية
Authors: إبراهيم فرحان حسن
Published: May 2023

يتناول البحث مشكلة ينفرد بها نهر دجلة في منطقة البحث، أذ يتميز النهر بكثرة المنعطفات النهرية ضمن حدود منطقة البحث ما بين قرية المحزم شمالاَ الى جسر تكريت جنوباَ والذي انعكس على تشكيل الوحدات الارضية ما بين مركز مدينة العلم والضفة اليسرى للنهر، أذ تبرز ظاهرة المنعطفات النهرية وبشكل واضح للعيان وأبرزها منعطف المحزم ومنعطف الجامعة والقادسية. تم في هذا البحث دراسة العوامل التي لها اثر في تشكيل هذه المنعطفات المذكورة لاسيما العوامل الطبيعية وكذلك مناقشة اثر المنعطفات على الاستخدامات البشرية لاسيما ان وادي النهر يشكل تجمعات سكنية في الجهة الشرقية ومن ثم حصر اهم الوحدات الارضية من خلال الخرائط والمرئيات الفضائية التي تم تشكيلها بأثر هذه المنعطفات عن طريق الفعل الحركي للمياه من خلال عمليات التعرية والنحت والأرساب لتظهر لنا وحدات ارضية جديدة ضمن القناة النهرية ووادي النهر والتي سوف نتطرق اليه في هذا البحث مع استخدام القياسات المورفو مترية لتحديد نوع المنعطف.
واقع أداء مدرسي التربية الإسلامية بالمرحلة الاعدادية في قضاء العلم في ضوء معايير الجودة الشاملة
Authors: صباح خلف خضر
Published: May 2023

هدفت هذه الدراسة التعرف على أداء مدرسي التربية الاسلامية بالمرحلة الاعدادية في قضاء العلم في ضوء معايير الجودة الشاملة، استخدم الباحث في دراسته المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وتمثل مجتمع الدراسة من مدرسي التربية الاسلامية بمدارس المرحلة الاعدادية في قضاء العلم، حيث بلغ عدد المدارس للعام الدراسي2020/2021 بواقع (27) مدرسة ثانوية، منهم (11) مدرسة ثانوية للبنين، و(10) مدرسة ثانوية للبنات، و(6) مدرسة ثانوية مختلطة، وبلغ عدد مدرسي التربية الاسلامية بهذه المدارس ( 94) مدرساً ومدرسة، بلغ عدد الذكور (43) مدرساً، وعدد الاناث (51) مدرسة، وتم اختيار عينة البحث بصورة عشوائية من (40) مدرساً ومدرسة واستخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في دراسته، وتوصل الباحث الى أن أداء مدرسي التربية الاسلامية بمدارس المرحلة الاعدادية لمعايير الجودة الشاملة جاء بدرجة متوسطة، واوصى الباحث بضرورة قيام مديريات التربية بتطبيق معايير الجودة الشاملة في المؤسسات التربوية، والنظر اليها وفق اساس استراتيجي تربوي مستقبلي، العمل على تنمية القيم والمفاهيم والاتجاهات المتعلقة بمعايير الجودة الشاملة وطرق تنفيذها من قبل مدرسي التربية الاسلامية خاصة والعاملين في المجال التربوي عامة، وضع معايير لقياس النشاط والأداء الوظيفي للمدرسين، للارتقاء بأداء المدرسين يمكن الاستفادة من قائمة المعايير وبطاقة الملاحظة التي توصلت إليها الدراسة الحالية لبناء هذا المقياس، تدريب مدرسي التربية الاسلامية على معايير الجودة الشاملة ليتمكنوا من الاطلاع على كل ما هو جديد في مجال تدريس التربية الاسلامية وما توصلت إليه الدراسة الحالية لبناء هذا المقياس.
On Modality and Mood in English
Authors: Hashim Saadoon Saleem  , Ali Suleiman Izraichi
Published: May 2023

This paper discusses two issues in two sections: one is allocated for modality and the other is devoted for mood. The issues of modality and mood are closely interrelated; so, they are studied and posed in the grammar books together. The concept of modality conveys the speaker’s view towards an event or about what is said. Modality is either realized by inflection of the verbs or through leaical items, viz, the modals. Mood is a grammatical component which indicates the degree or a type of fact of a proposition, as perceived by the speaker. Three moods are studied in this paper. They are: the indicative, the imperative and the subjunctive. These verb moods have semantically- oriented notions. They have more to do with semantics than with their grammatical aspects.
Emergence of Nonce-Formation as A Teleological Procedure
Authors: Sua'ad Abdul Rahman El-Taif
Published: May 2023

The goals of this research are: identifying the specific reasons of emergence this phenomenon, looking for the methods of creation nonce- formations and searching for examples of this topic to display them.Nonce- formation is the ability of the speaker or writer to invent a linguistic form to pass a particular situation. It is a contextual coinage. This procedure is not constituted randomly but to fill a lexical gap, complete the speech with the members of community and the speaker may forget a definite word or has no a linguistic term in his mind, so he/ she invents an alternative term of his own. The main purpose of this phenomenon is satisfying an actual communicative necessity.The speaker or writer uses quotation marks or comments in order to prohibit any uncertainty of using inappropriate expression. Most of morphologists do not consider nonce-formation a real phenomenon.Nonce-compound is a type of nonce-formation which is usually hyphenated. The lexical innovations may be related with two sides of word formations which are productivity and creativity. It is important to mention that the productive rules are the basic requirements of this phenomenon and it creative because it usually surpasses the morphological system.
Implementasi Ujian Online untuk Menyeleksi Calon Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) Furnitur dan Interior Guna Mendukung Ketersediaan SDM Pembangunan IKN
Authors: Putra Kristianto Fesa
Published: May 2023

Penetapan Kalimantan Timur sebagai Ibu Kota Negara (IKN) baru membutuhkan banyak SDM salah satunya adalah sektor sektor furnitur dan interior. Kebutuhan SDM furnitur dan interior mencapai 143.119 orang pertahun atau 4,51% dari total kebutuhan SDM. Oleh karena itu untuk mencukupi kebutuhan SDM di Sektor furnitur dan interior, Politeknik Industri Furnitur dan Pengolahan Kayu mencari calon-calon SDM Furnitur yang berkualitas. Salah satu caranya adalah melakukan seleksi calon mahasiswa baru secara nasional melalui ujian online. Tujuan perancangan ujian online adalah agar proses seleksi dapat dilakukan secara nasional dan tetap menjaga integritas proses seleksi. Ujian online ini menggunakan Computer Assisted Test (CAT) yang merupakan metode ujian dengan menggunakan sistem komputer terpadu. Sistem CAT ini dikembangkan menggunakan framework codeignaiter dan metode water fall sehinngga lebih cepat dan mudah dalam penyelesaiannya. Penelitian ini meghasilkan Website CAT dengan variasi model soal yang sangat luas serta sudah memenuhi kebutuhan system dengan sangat baik. Dari penelitian ini diharapkan Politeknik industri dan Pengolahan Kayu mendapat calon SDM furnitur dan interior dengan kualitas bagus yang nantinya akan disalurkan untuk membantu kebutuhan SDM dalam pembangunan IKN.
KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL DALAM PENERAPAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN PADA MASA NORMAL BARU PANDEMI COVID-19 PADA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KABUPATEN BIAK NUMFOR
Authors: Mohamad Sudi  , Irwan Irwan
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang komunikasi interpersonal dalam penerapan metode pembelajaran pada masa  normal baru pandemi covid-19 pada tingkat Sekolah Dasar yang berada di Kabupaten Biak Numfor. Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan sasaran beberapa Sekolah Dasar yang menjadi informan. Data diperoleh dengan cara wawancara mendalam, pengamatan berperanserta, dan studi dokumentasi, di mana analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; Pertama dalam mengimplementasikan komunikasi interpersonal antara guru dan siswa tidak terlepas dari peran guru, sehingga keberhasilan suatu pembelajaran akan ditentukan oleh kemampuan seorang guru dalam menyampaikan materi pelajaran kepada siswa, komunikasi menjadi media paling efektif dalam menunjang keberhasilan pembelajaran. Keterbukaan, empati, dukungan, sikap positif, dan kesetaraan menjadi aspek penting dalam keberhasilan komunikasi Interpersonal. Kedua, dalam penerapan metode pembelajaran tatap muka bergilir pada masa baru normal pandemi Covid-19 tidak terlepas adanya faktor penghambat dan pendukung, faktor penghambat mengaharuskan materi pelajaran atau kompetensi dasar banyak dikurangi atau dipersempit, siswa dapat menerima materi secara utuh yang mengharuskan siswa melanjutkan belajar di rumah, dan selain itu guru dituntut menyampaikan ulang materi pelajaran yang sama diwaktu yang berbeda. Sementara faktor pendukungnya adalah keterlibatan orang tua siswa secara langsung dalam proses pembelajaran, hal ini bertujuan agar kontrol siswa tidak hanya disekolah namun juga dapat dilakukan dirumah. Jalinan komunikasi secara personal antara guru, siswa dan orang tua memungkinkan keberhasilan dalam kegiatan proses belajar mengajar selama masa normal baru covid-19.
ANALISIS PELAKSANAAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DI SMA SWASTA YAYASAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM CABANG BIAK (Studi pada Kelompok Mata Pelajaran IPS)
Authors: Mahmud Muhammad Nur , Laha Saleh , Nurlin Nurlin
Published: May 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan guru dalam mengidentifikasi, mengintegrasi dan mengevaluasi pelaksanaan pendidikan karakter dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan kasus tunggal, sehingga strategi penelitian yang relevan adalah studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan teknik nontes (angket, observasi, wawancara, dan dokumen). Untuk mengecek keabsahan data digunakan triangulasi metode dan sumber. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini, penanaman nilai- nilai pendidikan karakter pada mata pelajaran IPS yang dilakukan oleh guru kepada peserta didik di dapati hampir berimbang antara sering dan kadang-kadang menanamkan. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan persentasi siswa yang mengatakan bahwa guru sering menanamkan nilai-nilai karakter berupa pemberian suri tauladan atau contoh kepada peserta didik sebanyak 43%, terkadang ada juga guru yang menanamkan nilai-nilai karakter dengan menyisipkan pada materi pembelajaran dibuktikan dengan 45% siswa mengatakan kadang-kadang guru menanamkan nilai karakter kepada siswa, 10% siswa mengatakan guru selalu menanamkan nilai karakter, 2% siswa mengatakan guru tidak pernah menanamkan nilai-nilai karakter. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penanaman nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dapat diintegrasikan melalui pembelajaran mata pelajaran IPS khususnya sejarah di SMA Biak.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN ELECTRONIC GOVERNMENT PADA DINAS KOMINFO STATISTIK DAN PERSANDIAN DI KABUPATEN GOWA
Authors: Wati Nyai Kurnia , Ismail Ismail , Sakawati Herlina , Dahlan Dahlan
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Implementasi Kebijakan Electronic Government pada Dinas Kominfo Statistik dan Persandian di Kabupaten Gowa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan menghasilkan data deskriptif. Pengumpulan data digunakan dengan teknik wawancara, dokumentasi, dan observasi. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian diolah dengan menggunakan analisis model interaktif yaitu kondensasi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan pengujian kesimpulan. 

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Implementasi Kebijakan Electronic Government pada Dinas Kominfo Statistik dan Persandian di Kabupaten Gowa telah berjalan dengan baik. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori implementasi kebijakan publik dari George C. Edward III dengan indikator Komunikasi, Sumberdaya, Disposisi, dan Struktur Birokrasi. Berdasarkan keempat indikator tersebut indikator disposisi masih kurang baik yaitu terlihat dari kebutuhan analisa permintaan disposisi jabatan yang belum tercapai serta pemberian insentif berupa reward yang belum direalisasikan.
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI, DISIPLIN KERJA, DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA BADAN PENELITIAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN DAERAH KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Wijaya Indra , Rakhman Basri , Herianto Dedy
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis secara mendalam regresi linier berganda antara variabel budaya organisasi, motivasi kerja dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja pada Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Daerah Kota Makassar baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif dengan metode survey dan pengambilan sampel dengan teknik sampling jenuh yaitu sebanyak 52 aparatur pemerintah. Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan SPSS versi 22.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya organisasi, motivasi kerja, dan disiplin kerja secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan dalam meningkatkan kinerja pegawai pada Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Daerah Kota Makassar. Sedangkan, hasil pengujian secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa budaya organisasi dan motivasi kerja berpengaruh signifikan  terhadap kinerja pegawai dan variabel disiplin kerja tidak  berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja  pegawai. Konklusinya menegaskan bahwa budaya organisasi dan motivasi berperan vital dalam peningkatan kinerja pegawai. Oleh karena itu, perlunya upaya sistematis dan menyeluh untuk menguatkan budaya organisasi dan peningkatan motivasi kerja pegawai melalui berbagai insentif, pendidikan formal dan informal serta pengembangan karir. Disamping itu, pelu juga dilakukan upaya meningkatkan disiplin kerja dalam rangka meningkatkan kinerja pegawai secara totalitas pada Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Daerah Kota Makassar.
The Physical and Mental Health Status of the Homeless in a Cold Region of Japan: Alcohol Intake, Diet and Psychosocial Distress
Authors: Sai Akira , Konishi Tatsuki , Nishiyama Haruna , Yamazaki Miyuki , Hao Ming , Yamauchi Taro , Yamauchi Taro
Published: April 2023

This study sought to clarify the lifestyle and physical and mental health status of homeless people in a cold region of Japan. 28 participants who visited a soup kitchen completed the physical health check-up and questionnaire surveys in 2017. Five were invited to participate in semi-structured interviews in 2018. Mental health was evaluated using the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28). The results revealed that a high proportion of homeless people did not consume enough food. Their meat, fish, and vegetables intake were limited, indicating that inappropriate eating habits may affect physical health. Furthermore, four people consumed meals once or less every two days, and all of them were living on the street. In addition, 18% (n = 5) answered that they often consumed alcohol in the daytime, and 68% (n = 19) had a total GHQ-28 score above the cut-off point (>5). In this regard, among those with a GHQ-28 score of >5, seven drank in the daytime even though they consumed meals once or less a day. Indeed, qualitative results revealed physical and psychosocial distress experienced, including limited access to food, anxiety for the future, lack of social support, and erosion of self-esteem. These findings suggest that restrictions on food selection due to financial insecurity, alcohol issues, and mental disorders may impact the food intake and subsequently lead to deteriorating physical health and living on the street may also significantly impact mental health among the homeless. which are helpful for health and social workers to develop necessary interventions targeted at this population.