bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The decline of Pacific Salmon: Catalyst of Social-Ecological Leaps in British Columbia
Authors: Lefrançois Hugo
Published: May 2024

The ecological crisis goes far beyond global warming: the decline in biodiversity also affects communities' wellbeing worldwide. Those impacts are particularly striking when it comes to cultural keystone species, i.e. species that shape the culture – and the social fabric – of a people. In British Columbia, salmon species are recognized as cultural keystone. However, salmon populations have plummeted over recent decades. While the psychosocial consequences of this decline have been explored in the literature, research is scarce as to how positive social-ecological change can stem from community responses to such disasters. Through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with relevant stakeholders (n = 11), this research demonstrates that the decline in salmon populations in British Columbia has proven to be a catalyst for responses promoting social-ecological change, and explores how some of the communities impacted found innovative ways to “leap” forward in front of such adversity. By bridging the gap between the concepts of cultural keystone species and the transformative dimension of social-ecological resilience, I present cultural keystone species as unique drivers of change which should be accounted for by social workers and policymakers. Indeed, the results demonstrate the far-reaching ramifications of such change, by focusing on instances where conservation, restoration and monitoring projects successfully contributed to addressing deeply entrenched issues such as colonialism, extractivism or capitalism. Therefore, this research shows that salmon-oriented initiatives, beyond their impact on the ecosystems, also have an impact on the social fabric of the communities involved — for the better.
An efficient power optimization method for fixed polarity Reed-Muller logic circuits based on a multi-strategy gray wolf optimization algorithm
Authors: 曹 新龙 , He Zhenxue , Zhao Xiaojun , Zhang Xiaodan , Wang Yijin , Wang Tao , Xiao Limin , Wang Xiang
Published: May 2024

Optimization of power consumption has emerged as a pivotal objective in the domain of integrated circuit design. The optimization of Fixed Polarity Reed-Muller (FPRM) circuit power entails addressing a combinatorial optimization challenge that seeks to identify the optimal polarity configuration within the polarity optimization space, ultimately minimizing power consumption. In the current methodologies for FPRM circuit power optimization, drawbacks such as suboptimal efficiency and subpar results are evident. In response to these challenges, we introduce a novel Multi-Strategy Grey Wolf Optimization (M-GWO) algorithm. M-GWO leverages chaotic mapping for population initialization, integrates a global search optimizer inspired by the stochastic and spiral search behaviors of the whale optimization algorithm, and incorporates a local depth-exploiting optimizer based on the running and predation behaviors of the wolf pack optimization algorithm. Subsequently, we present a power optimization approach for FPRM logic circuits, utilizing the M-GWO algorithm. This method employs M-GWO to explore the polarity optimization space of FPRM circuits, seeking the optimal polarity configuration with minimal power consumption to achieve circuit power optimization. Experimental validation, conducted on the Microelectronics Center of North Carolina Benchmark test circuits and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Congress on Evolutionary Computation benchmarks test functions, attests to the efficacy, superiority, and universality of the M-GWO.
Keratosis conjunctiva of unknown significance: a case report
Authors: huang lihong , Zhang Dazheng , Zhou Jing
Published: May 2024

Background
Cutaneous hornis a relatively uncommon neoplasm of the eyelid skin, frequently observed in exposed areas such as the extremities, head, and face. However, its etiology remains incompletely elucidated.
Case presentation
We report the case of a 32-year-old Asian female patient who presented with corneal mass of right eye of 10 years duration. She was examined and underwent excision, with biopsy showing cornea cutaneous horn.
Conclusion
The mass is benign and exhibits a slow growth pattern. However, post-removal, the mass demonstrated recurrent enlargement. It is hypothesized that the disease may bear resemblance to solar keratosis. Consequently, the etiology remains uncertain and further investigation is warranted.
Electrochemical and Computational study of the Ocimum Americanum Extract for steel in Acidic medium: A Green Pathway to reduce the corrosion of steel
Authors: Sharma Abhishek , Jande Raghvi , Saxena Akhil , Kaur Jasdeep
Published: May 2024

This study explores the potential of Ocimum Americanum as an environmentally friendly steel corrosion inhibitor in an acidic medium, as many industrial applications suffer from corrosion. The study aims to reduce corrosion by utilizing Ocimum Americanum'sinherent benefits as an eco-friendly alternative to traditional inhibitors. The capacity of Ocimum Americanum to regulate corrosion was evaluated using various surface analytical and electrochemical techniques. Steel was tested for corrosion using PDP and EIS in an acidic medium containing extract from Ocimum Americanum at varying concentrations. Ocimum Americanum'sefficiency as a green corrosion inhibitor was demonstrated through surface examination techniques like SEM and UV, revealing a significant reduction in corrosion rate. The study found that Ocimum Americanum extracts form a protective layer on mild steel surfaces, limiting corrosive attack in acidic media due to morphological changes and functional groups. The study evaluated the environmental friendliness of Ocimum Americanum as a corrosion inhibitor, focusing on its biodegradability and toxicity compared to conventional chemical inhibitors. Ocimum Americanum's sustained quality provides a strong argument for its use in economic sectors to mitigate environmental harm.
Fetal Right Heart Strain in Systemic Right Ventricles and Impact on Post-Surgical Outcomes
Authors: DeCarlo Dana , Sriniva Ranjini , Cha Christine , Pierce Kristyn , Singh Rakesh
Published: May 2024

Objectives: Patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) and its variants rely on the right ventricle (RV) to provide cardiac output. Diminished RV systolic function has been associated with poor clinical outcomes in this population. Echocardiographic strain has emerged as a useful method to quantify RV deformation. We aimed to describe fetal strain in the systemic RV and further investigate if there was any correlation with clinical outcomes.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective, single center study evaluating strain in fetuses with systemic RV. We measured fetal RV global longitudinal strain (GLS) and segmental strain using Tomtec 2D speckle tracking software and compared these findings to controls.
Results: Fifty patients with systemic RV were included in the study group with controls matched one to one for each echocardiogram. Ten patients died after first stage palliation. GLS was reproducible, with interobserver ICC 0.82. There was no statistically significant difference in GLS amongst different HLHS subtypes. Abnormal GLS did not correlate with worse clinical outcomes.
Conclusions: GLS in systemic RVs in the 2nd and 3rd trimester did not vary significantly throughout gestation and did not correlate with clinical outcomes. Risk factors associated with poor outcome were mainly postnatal. Multi-centered studies are needed to determine if these findings hold true in a larger sample size.
Decision Tree Learning Algorithms for WDM Systems' Performance Prediction
Authors: Morsy Emadeldeen , Ismail Nour , Aly Moustafa H. , Banawan Karim
Published: May 2024

We consider the problem of predicting the performance of an operational wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system using machine learning techniques. We assess the performance of the WDM system using the quality value metric (Q-val). To that end, we construct an actual WDM dataset, whose records are generated using four live WDM systems. We export these records using different optical measurement tools, such as reflectometers, spectrum analyzers, and the operating management system for each WDM system. To circumvent the difficulty of theoretical analysis of WDM system performance, we propose using machine learning techniques for predicting such performance. We employ the decision tree learning techniques to predict the Q-val, namely, the decision tree regressor (DTR) and the decision tree classifier (DTC). By training DTR on the constructed dataset and using shuffle-split cross-validation, we show that DTR outperforms DTC in terms of the R2 score, specifically, our DTR achieves an R2 score of 96.2%, while the testing score records 89.65%. The proposed DTR machine learning model outperforms the known benchmark of support vector machine (SVM), which merely achieves a training R2 score of 92.2%. In addition, our numerical results show ≈ 3000 reduction in total running time when using DTR compared to SVM.
Production of 1,4-butanediol through Clostridia C4 pathways
Authors: Zha Mingwei , Gu Jiangxin , Chen Jian , Zhang Huifang , Li Mengting , Chen Yong , Niu Huanqing , Zhu Chenjie , Guo Ting , Wang Zhenyu , Liu Dong , Ying Hanjie
Published: May 2024

1,4-butanediol (1,4-BDO) is an important building block in the chemical industry that has been mainly produced from fossil fuels, but now biosynthesis of 1,4-BDO has received more and more attention due to environmental issues. The Clostridia C4 pathway produces an intermediate crotonyl-CoA which could be diverted to 1,4-BDO by 4-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydratase (4HBD). Here, we compared this pathway with other 1,4-BDO biosynthesis pathways and illustrated its potential advantages regarding cellular energy conservation and theoretical yield. Then, the feasibility of 1,4-BDO production in this way was tested by simply introducing a single 4HBD in Clostridium acetobutylicum that natively produced the C4 intermediate and a variety of aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenases (AdhE). Five different 4HBD genes were screened and the Cbei-2100 gene from Clostridium beijerinckii was the most effective, producing 66 mg/L of 1,4-BDO. To block the metabolic flux towards the main product butanol, disruption of butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase (Bcd) was tried but failed, while inactivation of its homologue (FAD/FMN-containing dehydrogenase, Fcd) obtained little effect. Alternatively, the electron-transferring flavoprotein EtfA coupled with Bcd was inactivated, and 1,4-BDO production was greatly increased to 182 mg/L. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the feasibility of 1,4-BDO production through the Clostridia C4 pathway. Further blocking of the competing flux towards butanol would be effective to improve the production in the future.
Phylogenetic Diversity Across the Complete Tree of Life
Authors: Rosindell James , Guo Jialiang , McTavish Emily Jane
Published: May 2024

In the face of rapid biodiversity loss, many approaches have been developed to measure biodiversity in ways that go beyond species richness. One prominent example is Phylogenetic Diversity (PD), which measures evolutionary history by summing the branches required to connect a set of species on a dated phylogenetic tree. PD may also capture other biodiversity measures by proxy such as the richness of biological features and their potential future benefits for humanity, sometimes known as ‘future options’. The total global PD is known for some well-studied groups, such as most vertebrates, but PD estimates are lacking for the majority of the tree of life. Here, we characterize the distribution of PD across the complete tree of life with over 2.2 million species. To do this we use data from the Open Tree of Life and a smoothing method to interpolate between nodes without date information. We estimate that the PD represented by all described species together is between 29 and 33 trillion years. We characterize the distribution of evolutionary distinctiveness, a measure of the fair share of PD captured by individual species, across all life and within selected clades. Many clades have bimodal distributions of evolutionary distinctiveness across species which may be due to changes in diversification rate within subclades. PD has previously been used as the basis for conservation prioritization schemes such as EDGE (Evolutionary Distinct and Globally Endangered) which synthesizes phylogenetic tree data with extinction risk data from the IUCN Red List of threatened species. Here we estimate EDGE scores for over 130,000 species, many more than have been done previously. The top EDGE species is Latimeria chalumnae, the critically endangered West Indian Ocean coelacanth. We hope this work will pave the way for more complete and automated analyses of PD and EDGE scores across the complete tree of life.
Impact of the HOTAIR (rs920778) and miR-3117 (rs7512692) variants on the Susceptibility and Clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Trujillo-Fernández Yuri Giovanna Vanessa , Rodríguez-Torres Dalia Elizabeth , Tovar-Jacome Cesar de Jesús , Barros-Núñez Patricio , Godínez-Rodríguez Miriam Yadira , Pérez-Bojórquez Perla Janeth , Flores-Martínez Luis Alberto , Pineda-Razo Tomás Daniel , Marín-Contreras María Eugenia , Alcaraz-Wong Aldo Antonio , Mariscal-Ramírez Ignacio , Rosales-Reynoso Mónica Alejandra
Published: May 2024

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common type of gastrointestinal cancer. Genetic, epigenetic, and lifestyle factors have been implicated in the development of CRC. Non-coding RNAs such as HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) andmiR-3117genes have been associated with cell proliferation, progression, invasion, and metastasis as well as poor survival in several cancers. This study examines the potential association between theHOTAIRrs920778 andmiR-3117variants and the clinicopathological features of CRC in Mexican patients.Methods: The study included peripheral blood samples from 588 individuals (289 CRC patients and 299 controls). The variants were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The association was calculated using the odds ratio (OR) test. P-values were adjusted using the Bonferroni test (0.016).Results: Individuals carrying the T/C and T/T genotypes for theHOTAIRrs920778 variant exhibited a higher susceptibility to CRC (OR=1.73, 95% CI: 1.15-2.58, P=0.009 and OR=2.78, 95% CI: 1.74-4.45, P=0.001, respectively). Male patients older than 50 years and carrying the C/C genotype demonstrated an increased susceptibility for developing CRC (OR=1.73, 95% CI: 1.15-2.58, P=0.009). Additionally, C/C genotype carriers exhibited an association with advanced TNM stage. Furthermore, for the rs7512692 variant of themiR-3117gene, patients carrying the C/T genotype exhibited increased susceptibility for developing CRC (OR=1.92, 95% CI: 1.35-2.74, P=0.001). Male patients over 50 years of age and carrying the C/T genotype demonstrated increased susceptibility for early TNM stages and tumor location in the colon.Conclusion: The results obtained suggest that theHOTAIRrs920778 andmiR-3117rs7512692 variants play a significant role in colorectal cancer risk.
Resource curse: Natural resources and their divergent Impact on development in Madagascar
Authors: Josué ANDRIANADY Ravahiny
Published: May 2024

Madagascar, renowned for its rich biodiversity and abundant natural resources, faces a perplexing paradox: the very assets that hold promise for economic advancement often present formidable barriers to development. This study delves into the intricate dynamics of the ''raw material curse'' in Madagascar, where the exploitation of natural resources fails to translate into sustained economic growth and prosperity. Through an in-depth analysis of economic data and empirical evidence, we uncover the complex interplay between natural resource abundance, economic dependency, and development outcomes. Our findings underscore the urgent need for targeted policy interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of resource dependence and foster inclusive development. By shedding light on the challenges posed by the raw material curse, this research aims to inform policymakers, stakeholders, and the international community about the imperative of sustainable and equitable resource management in Madagascar's quest for socio-economic advancement.
L1 Education in Times of Globalization, Digitalization and Super-Diversity
Authors: Kroon Sjaak , Spotti Massimiliano
Published: May 2024

This introduction first briefly sketches the (history of the) International Mother Tongue Education Network (IMEN). IMEN was founded in 1981 as an information and research network that over the years initiated an empirical-interpretive research program focusing on comparative analyses of the rhetoric and practices of L1 education across a dozen of European countries. Main elements of IMEN’s methodology that will be discussed below were the development of different types of research collaboration,  a theoretical framework for comparative analysis, and  a method for international triangulation. It then describes how, at the turn of the century, IMEN’s way of doing slow science became increasingly threatened by the requirements of publish or perish mainstream research, and how its research program was confronted with the challenges posed to L1 education by processes of globalization, digitalization, and super-diversity, becoming manifest in the superdiverse nature of student bodies, their sociolinguistic and ethnocultural doings, and the increasingly digitalized modes of teaching and learning they are exposed to. All these elements, in one way or another, also have an impact on the teaching-learning practices in mainstream L1 education and consequently must be addressed by IMEN-like studies. Finally this contribution briefly introduces the contributions to this special issue and suggests that they are a strong argument for a renewed interest in international comparative discussion on and around L1 education and a plea to further collaborative research from an empirical interpretive ethnographic perspective on teachers’ professional practical knowledge and classroom practices that can guide our understanding of the ubiquitous school subject L1 education that aims at preparing students for a global, digital, and super-diverse society.
Fruit Size as an Indicator of Fruit Drop in Huanglongbing-affected ‘Valencia’
Authors: Sutton Mary , Stanton Daniel , Vashisth Tripti
Published: May 2024

Increased preharvest fruit drop rates and reduced fruit sizes are common symptoms associated with Huanglongbing (HLB) in sweet orange. Small fruit may be more likely to drop during preharvest fruit drop. The objective of the current study was to determine whether fruit size could be used as an indicator of the preharvest fruit drop likelihood. Nearly 1400 fruit were surveyed over the following three timepoints across two years: 11 Mar 2022, 15 Apr 2022, and 22 Mar 2023. Each fruit was evaluated to determine the equator and peduncle diameter, fruit detachment force (FDF), type of detachment (mechanically broken or abscission), and lopsidedness. The total soluble solids content was determined for a subset of fruit. The FDF was consistently lower in abscising fruit than in mechanically broken fruit, suggesting that the physiological process of abscission had begun in these fruit and that they were more likely to drop. The fruit diameter was significantly smaller in abscising fruit than in mechanically broken fruit on 11 Mar 2022 and 22 Mar 2023, but not on 15 Apr 2022. Similarly, the fruit diameter and FDF were also significantly and positively correlated, but this relationship was weaker at time points late in the season (closer to harvest). These findings suggest that small fruit are indeed more likely to drop early in the preharvest period. The abscising fruit had total soluble solids contents similar to those of the mechanically broken fruit. Therefore, we hypothesized that the smaller fruit ceased growing and are able to respond to abscission signals earlier than the larger fruit. Therefore, any strategies to mitigate fruit drop, such as the use of plant growth regulators, should be applied early in the season when the fruit are still actively growing. When growth ceases, the fruit are vulnerable to drop.
Application of an offline grey box method for predicting the manoeuvring performance
Authors:   Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, Turkish Naval Academy, National Defence University, Türkiye, Atasayan Elis , Milanov Evgeni , Dursun Alkan Ahmet ,   Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, Naval Architecture and Maritime Faculty, Yildiz Technical University, Türkiye,   BSHC-Bulgarian Ship Hydrodynamics Centre - IMSETHC, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria
Published: May 2024

The prediction of manoeuvring performance for safe navigation and effective design of ships increasingly depends on artificial intelligence (AI), mainly digital twin technology. This technology requires a digital model of the physical ship. The hydrodynamic coefficients and parameters of these models are commonly obtained through two experimental methods: the planar motion mechanism (PMM) and the circular motion test (CMT). These methods are time-consuming and expensive, which may not be feasible during the early stages of the design process. This study investigates a cost-effective alternative approach to these methods by implementing a grey box method on ships. For the first of these implementations, a full-scale tanker ship was applied with artificial training data of zigzag manoeuvres. A validation study was carried out by comparing the simulation and free-running model test results of the tanker. For the second of these implementations, a scale model of a car carrier was selected, and several numerical search methods were combined to obtain a more accurate digital model. The 3-degree-of-freedom (DOF) Manoeuvring Modelling Group (MMG) models identified through this combination were validated with simulations and compared with the free-running model test results for various manoeuvres. The contribution of this study lies in the accurate capture of the manoeuvring characteristics of the physical model, which is achieved through the use of the adjustment interval and the combination of various numerical search method of the grey box method. Consequently, the developed model can be used in future studies as a faster decision-making tool for determining the straight-line stability or instability of a ship in the ship design and in predicting the manoeuvring performance of the ship.
Effect of the upkeep method, in natural habitat or farm maintenance
Authors: WACH JAN , DZIERZĘCKA MAŁGORZATA , NOWICKI WŁODZIMIERZ , KOMOSA MARCIN , ŁUSZCZEWSKA-SIERAKOWSKA IWONA , CHARUTA ANNA
Published: May 2024

The research was performed on 116 fallow deer individuals, including 58 free-living and 58 farmed individuals. The age of the fallow deer ranged from 1.5 to 3 years. The research involved the use of free-living fallow deer carcasses acquired as a result of a cull during huntings in the Zamrzenica Forest Inspectorate, in the kujawskopomorskie province, whereas the farmed fallow deer carcasses were made available for research by the Bomafar Cervidae farm. Of all the individuals for each upkeep method, a group of does and a group of bucks were separated. The aim of the paper was to determine and to compare the values of the metrics of the alimentary tract in two different populations of fallow deer, namely living in a natural hunting ground and kept in the farm system. The morphometric measurements were performed on the carcasses without internal organs. The measurements were taken using the metal tape at the accuracy down to 1 millimetre. The measurements of the intestine length and the capacity of stomachs concerned the unpreserved material. The intestines not emptied from the contents were measured once they were spread on a wet non-adhesive surface. The results of the research demonstrated that the metrics of the digestive tract in fallow deer depend considerably on the method of the animal upkeep and on its sex and there were significant differences in the relative length of intestine and its respective sections.
Research Progress in the Use of Small Molecule Smac Mimetics in
Combination Therapy of Cancer
Authors: Zhao Jiang-Ting , Zheng Xiang , Rao Guo-Wu , Zheng Quan
Published: May 2024

Inhibitors of Apoptosis Proteins (IAP) are inhibitors that can block programmed
cell death, are expressed at high levels in various cancers, and are recognized
as a therapeutic target for cancer therapy. In the past few years, several small molecule
IAP protein inhibitors have been designed to mimic the endogenous IAP antagonist, but
no IAP inhibitors have been approved for marketing worldwide. Previously, xevinapant
has been awarded a breakthrough therapy designation by the FDA. In addition, a combination
of Smac-mimetics and chemotherapeutic compounds has been reported to improve
anticancer efficacy. According to the phase II clinical data, xevinapant has the potential
to significantly enhance the standard therapy for patients with head and neck cancer,
which is expected to be approved as an innovative therapy for cancer patients.
Therefore, this paper briefly describes the mechanism of IAPs (AT-406, APG-1387, GDC-
0152, TL32711, and LCL161) as single or in combination for cancer treatment, their
application status as well as the synthetic pathway, and explores the research prospects
and challenges of IAPs antagonists in the tumor combination therapy, with the hope of
providing strong insights into the further development of Smac mimics in tumor therapy.
Limning of HIF-2 and HIF-3 in the Tumor Microenvironment: Developing Concepts for the Treatment of Hypoxic Cancer
Authors: Ray Suman Kumar , Mukherjee Sukhes
Published: May 2024

Hypoxia, characterized by insufficient oxygen supply to tissues, is a
significant factor in tumor growth and resistance to treatment. The hypoxia-inducible
factor (HIF) signaling pathway is activated when oxygen levels decline, influencing cell
activities and promoting tumor progression. HIF-1α and HIF-2α are the main targets for
therapeutic intervention in tumors. Nevertheless, the significance of HIF-2α is often
overlooked. This review examines the physiological role of HIF-2α in tumor growth and
its involvement in tumor growth. HIFs, composed of hypoxia-responsive α and oxygeninsensitive
β subunits, play a crucial role in controlling gene expression in both normal
and solid tumor tissues under low oxygen levels. HIF-3α, formerly considered a
detrimental modulator of HIF-regulated genes, exerts a transcriptional regulatory role
by inhibiting gene expression through competition with HIF-1α and HIF-2α for binding
to transcriptional sites in target genes under hypoxia. Recent research indicates that
various HIF-3 variants exhibit distinct and potentially contrasting functionalities.
Hypoxia often occurs during the initiation and progression of cancer formation. Recent
research has discovered that HIF-2α, also known as endothelial PAS domain protein
1, has a significant impact on tumors. HIF-2α is a significant cancer-causing gene and
a crucial predictor of prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer. However, due to limited
research investigating the relationship between HIF-2α and small-cell lung cancer, it is
not possible to reach a definitive conclusion. HIF-2α plays a vital function in cancer by
preserving the stemness of cancer cells. This review provides a comprehensive
overview of HIF-2 and the role of HIF-3 in various cancer-related processes, as well as
its potential as a targeted therapeutic approach.
Need-satisfaction as a Mediator of Teaching Style and School-Bullying Intentions
Authors: Purwandari Eny , Rahayu Sabrina Anindya , Taufik Taufik
Published: May 2024

Background

In response to the escalating incidents of bullying, the Indonesian government initiated the Roots Program. This program emphasizes the establishment of positive discipline through the involvement of teachers employing an authoritative teaching style.

Aim

This research aimed to analyze the role of teachers in shaping bullying intentions by employing a model based on the framework of the basic psychological needs theory.

Objective

The objective of this study was to explore the mediating effect of need satisfaction on the relationship between an authoritative teaching style and bullying intentions among high school students.

Methods

This study employed a correlational quantitative approach, utilizing convenience sampling to gather data from 396 high school and vocational school students. Data collection involved the use of three scales: the modified Bullying Intention Scale, the Indonesian version of TASCQ, and the Indonesian version of the BPNSFS Satisfaction subscale. Data analysis was conducted using PLS-SEM.

Results

The findings indicated that basic psychological need-satisfaction significantly mediates the relationship between authoritative teaching style and bullying intentions (β = -0.11, p<0.05, 95%CI = -0.17, -0.07). Although the relationship is significant, the effect of an authoritative teaching style on bullying intentions through the mediation of basic psychological need satisfaction remains weak.

Discussion

Consistent with the basic psychological needs theory framework, this study confirms the critical role of need satisfaction in promoting anti-bullying attitudes. Students who perceive their psychological needs being met through the implementation of an authoritative teaching style by teachers exhibit lower bullying intentions.

Conclusion

The study concludes that periodic assessments of the basic psychological need-satisfaction of students are essential for the sustainability of anti-bullying programs, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of such initiatives.
Dermal Delivery of Hypericum perforatum (L.) Loaded Nanogel: Formulation
to Preclinical Psoriasis Assessment
Authors: Singh Neelam , Yadav Shubh Deep , Gupta Puneet , Ali Faraat , Arora Sandeep
Published: May 2024

Background:

Nanophytosomes represent an effective choice for topical drug delivery
systems thanks to their small size, general non-toxicity, ease of functionalization and high surface
to volume ratio. The goal of the current study was to investigate the potential benefits of using Hypericum
perforatum extract nanogel as a means of improving skin penetration and prolonging skin
deposition in dermatitis similar to psoriasis.

Methods:

Nanophytosomes (NPs) were developed, optimised and thoroughly characterised. The optimised
NPs were then placed in a Carbopol gel base matrix and tested ex-vivo (skin penetration and
dermatokinetic) and in-vivo (antipsoriatic activity in an Imiquimod-induced psoriatic rat model).

Results:

The optimised NPs had a spherical form and entrapment efficiency of 69.68% with a nanosized
and zeta potential of 168nm and -10.37mV, respectively. XRD spectra and transmission
electron microscopy tests confirmed the plant botanical encapsulation in the NPs. Following 60
days of storage at 40 ± 2°C/75 ± 5% RH, the optimised formula remained relatively stable. As
compared to extract gel, nano-gel showed a much-improved ex vivo permeability profile and considerable
drug deposition in the viable epidermal-dermal layers. When developed nano-gel was applied
topically to a rat model of psoriasis, it demonstrated distinct in vivo anti-psoriatic efficacy in
terms of drug activity and reduction of epidermal thickness in comparison to other formulations and
the control. ELISA and histopathologic studies also demonstrated that nano-organogel had improved
skin integrity and downregulated inflammatory markers (IL-17, IL-6, IFN-γ and MCP-1).

Conclusion:

Findings suggest that a developed plant botanicals-based nanogel has a potential for
the treatment of psoriasis-like dermatitis with better skin retention and effectiveness.
Chitosan and Chitosan-Essential Oil Composites as Edible Coatings for Meat and Meat Products: A Review
Authors: Abd Elgadir Mohamed , Mirghani Mohamed E. S. , Mariod Abdalbasit
Published: May 2024

The massive and uncontrolled use of petroleum-based plastic food packaging has resulted
in serious environmental problems. As a result, the food packaging industry should improve
packaging materials based on biodegradable polymers, such as chitosan. Edible food coating
maintains and improves the shelf life and condition of packaged foods. Researchers have widely
investigated the potential applications of biodegradable natural polymers, such as chitosan, cellulose,
starch, whey protein, and gelatin in the food packaging industry. Among the natural biodegradable
materials available, chitosan and its derivatives have attracted great interest because they
have antimicrobial, antifungal, and metal-chelating properties. They are biodegradable polysaccharides
and are non-toxic; therefore, they are considered perfect materials for food coating. Adding
other active materials, such as fruit extracts, phenolic compounds, and essential oils, can significantly
enhance the antimicrobial and antioxidant capacity of chitosan-based packaging materials.
Thus, this article investigates the recent updates in food packaging applications based on
chitosan essential oil composites.
Thermal and Thermomechanical Cycling Studies of Nickel-Based Shape Memory Alloys for Engineering and Medical Applications
Authors: Swaminathan G. , Sampath Vedamanickam
Published: May 2024

Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are those that can return to their initial shape
after deformation under a stimulus, such as temperature or stress. They are capable of
recovering deformations of up to 8%. Generally, the martensitic transformation is
reversible in nature and the shape memory alloys exhibit two unique characteristics,
super-elasticity effect (SE) and shape memory effect (SME), depending on whether
these properties/responses are brought on by stress and temperature, respectively. Since
the shape memory alloys undergo full cycling, they transform from austenite to
martensite at temperatures between martensite finish and austenite finish. However,
partial cycling refers to heating above the austenite start temperature but below the
austenite finish temperature followed by cooling to below the martensite finish
temperature. The phase transformation is partial before it is complete, consequently,
only smaller amounts of the phases undergo a phase transition. Based on the operating
temperature window and the transformation temperatures of the alloy, partial cycling
can be divided into three categories. This chapter discusses the various types of
cycling, i.e., thermomechanical, thermal, and partial cycling behavior of nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloys.
Aluminum Metal Matrix and Magnesium Metal Matrix Composites: An Insight into Processing Influences on Corrosion Properties for use in Environment- Sensitive Applications
Authors: Gupta Manoj , T. Ajay Kumar
Published: May 2024

The limitations of engineering are mainly attributed to the limitations in the
availability of materials that can deliver all the desired properties for a given end
application. But, due to the development of composites, there has been an enormous
advancement in industries like automobile, sports, power generation, defense, and
aerospace. Metal Matrix Composites became one of the sought-after materials because
of their high specific properties, such as strength-to-weight ratio. Even though these
materials exhibit enhanced mechanical and thermal properties, their usage is still
limited. Some of the reasons include the scaling up of processing and the uncertainty in
their joining and corrosion behavior. This study attempts to bring together information
on metal matrix composites processing and corrosion behavior, mainly focusing on
Magnesium and Aluminum metal matrix composites.
Enhancing the Strength of Aluminum-Boron Carbide Composites to a High Degree by Magnesium Addition for Use in Automotive Applications
Authors: Goswami Ramasis , Qadri Syed Bermullah , Pande Chandra Shekar
Published: May 2024

We report here a significant enhancement of the hardness of aluminumboron carbide composites by the addition of magnesium. Reactive sintering between
boron carbide and aluminum-magnesium occurs by the application of heat and pressure
and during subsequent annealing at high-homologous temperatures of the matrix. In
this case, the deformation-induced plastic yielding enables the incorporation and
dispersion of hard particles in aluminum-matrix. We examine the decomposition
behavior of boron carbide at high-homologous temperatures in contact with magnesium
and aluminum, and observe the interfacial, aluminum-magnesium-boride, AlMgB4
, and
aluminum-boro-carbide, Al3BC, phases at boron carbide/matrix interfaces as revealed
by the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. We demonstrate that the
hardness of these composites has been enhanced by two to five folds as compared to
the base alloy and the existing aluminum-boron carbide composites. The addition of
magnesium improves interfacial cohesion significantly between the matrix and ceramic
particles as a result of interfacial boride phase, and primarily contributes to the
enhancement of strength. This provides a novel method of developing aluminum-based
high strength composites. 
Evaluation of Water Quality Based on Macrozoobenthos as Bioindicator in Ngesong Spring and The Ditch, Batu-East Java
Authors: Dwi Susanto Muhamad Azmi , Retnaningdyah Catur , Setyo Leksono Amin
Published: May 2024

The Ngesong spring is a clean spring that is used by society as a spring of clean water and as a tourist attraction. The Ngesong spring has a ditch that flows up to the society settlement, where the water is used for agricultural irrigation and plantation irrigation. The utilization of the Ngesong spring as a tourist attraction and its ditch through agriculture, settlements, and society settlements have great potential to cause pollution and degradation of water quality, so it is necessary to evaluate water quality. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the quality of this water, one of which is using the macrozoobenthos community structure as a bioindicator. The research was conducted in four locations, namely a water spring and the channels that will be used for agriculture, plantations, and settlement activities, in September and October 2022. The variables observed in this study include the physicochemical quality of water, namely water temperature, conductivity, power of hydrogen (pH), dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and total suspended solids (TSS), as well as community structure and macrozoobenthos diversity. The results of this study indicate that there are 26 macrozoobenthos families belonging to 12 orders, for a total of 968 individuals. Water springs are the location with the highest diversity and evenness index values, with H = 2.27 and E = 0.54. The results of the analysis of macrozoobenthos family relationships as an indicator of water quality using the Family Biotic Index (FBI) and Average Score Per Taxon (ASPT) showed that the Waterspring site has very clean waters and no organic pollution. At Waterspring sites that have good water quality, the families Perlidae, Nemouridae, Limnephilidae, Viviparidae, Chironomidae, and Euphaeidae were found. Meanwhile, according to the FBI, sites that have highly organically polluted waters are the ditches that had agricultural activity and, based on ASPT, settlement activity.
Hardware Realization of Long Range (LoRa) Based Telemetry System for Aquaculture Monitoring
Authors: Bagas Prasetyo  , Purno Tri Aji
Published: May 2024

Freshwater fish farming must pay attention to the condition of the water content in the pond and the water quality in the pond. Fish will feel comfortable if the efficiency of oxygen levels and pond water content is maintained. Freshwater fish farming needs to optimize crop yields so as not to get losses. The problem that is often encountered is that many fish die in the pond due to lack of water. Irrigation channels leading to fishponds experience blockages. The smoothness of the irrigation channel affects the volume of water in the pond. Blockage of irrigation channels is usually due to garbage trapped in irrigation, causing dirty water to settle and water sequestration to occur in the pond. This tool system aims to improve water quality and increase the efficiency of oxygen levels by using TDS and ultrasonic sensors. The parameter value on the sensor affects the work of the tool actuator. The tool actuator is a water pump that is used as a substitute for irrigation channels and an aerator motor to increase dissolved oxygen in water by moving the propeller on the surface of the pond water. Wireless technology is used for data communication. Because the land of freshwater fish farming ponds is a large area and is far from settlements, wireless communication is suitable for enabling easy and fast access to information and services. In this research, the testing methods used are functional testing and system performance testing. Functional testing is used to prove whether the system that has been implemented can meet the requirements of operational functions as planned. System performance testing is intended to monitor several parameters that can show the ability and reliability of the system in carrying out its operational functions. The result of the overall test is the LoRa communication distance that can communicate up to about 1000 meters, proving that LoRa technology has a strong enough ability in terms of range wireless communication. The PLE (Path Loss Exponent) of the LoRa module with 100 meters in LoS (indoor) conditions is 7.77, while in nLoS conditions in obstructed in-building, it is 10.13. The average error of the ultrasonic sensor type JSN SR-04T is 0.16% and has a difference of ± 1 cm. The TDS sensor with dissolved pool water content has an average value of 142.6 ppm with an error value of 1.05%. The PDAM water content has an average value of 112.1 ppm with a sensor value of 1.38%. The water content of the lime and detergent mixture has the highest observed ppm value, which is an average of 737.33 ppm, with a sensor error of 0.14%. The water pump activates when the pool water is low (when the ultrasonic distance reaches 60 cm), and the aerator activates when the water content is contaminated (when the TDS sensor value exceeds 500 ppm).
MYTHOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION IN MODERN INDONESIAN NOVELS
Authors: Nurgiyantoro Burhan , Anwar Efendi  , Maman Suryaman  , Anis Maslihatin
Published: May 2024

In the factuality, there are many fictional works that raise myth elements and use as reference in writing. Literary works inevitably exist in communities that have cultures and this is well acknowledged by writers who eventually receive them actively-productively. The present study is aimed at identifying these matters in modern Indonesian literature including myth sources, author’s attitudes that are hypogrammed, and myth functions. The study is conducted on five novels produced in the 2000s. Various myth stories contain life values that can be used as inspirations and culturel references in the writing of modern Indonesian novels and, simultaneously, as allegories and metaphors of life in the present time. The novels are partly set as they are in the myth stories, while partly are transformed into the life background of the present time. Even though the novels are set in the time background of the myth stories, the personalities and life philosophy of the characters reflect the life situations of the present time. The writers’ attitudes towards myths are partly continuing and augmenting the myth conventions although through the transformations of plots and characters (myth of concern), and, on the contrary, partly freeing, deviating, and rebelling (myth of freedom). In the case of rebellion to the myth conventions (Roro Jonggrang), it seems that it is due to the influences of the feminist ideas that emphasize the importance of life equalities between men and women. Women need not be always defeated or dominated by men.
SUICIDAL NARRATIVE IN KATHLEEN GLASGOW’S GIRL IN PIECES
Authors: Anita Melati  , Rachmat Nurcahyo
Published: May 2024

This research breaks down into two main goals: first, it aims to reveal the suicidal acts of the characters in Kathleen Glasgow's Girl in Pieces; second, it will examine the way in which the characters' suicidal narrative is constructed. The Sigmund Freud psychoanalytic theory and narratology were employed in this study to address the research objectives. Girl in Pieces, a novel by Kathleen Glasgow, serves as the data source for this qualitative investigation. This study demonstrates how the interaction between outside factors and internal conflicts illuminates the reasons behind suicide. The presence of ambivalent emotions, the impact of the superego's influence, and the regular reaction of loss to the withdrawal of libido caused the complex five characters to experience melancholy and mourning. This condition demonstrates how the novel's suicidal narrative is represented by the characters' psychological suffering. The manifestation of melancholy and its effects highlight the crucial role the superego plays in encouraging self-destructive behavior. The superego functions as a metaphorical "Thanatos," driving people toward self-destruction, including the potential for suicide, because of its punitive nature and internalized critical voice. With its intense sadness, self-loathing, and conflicting feelings about oneself, melancholia seriously jeopardizes people's wellbeing. The weight of melancholy and the destructive influence of the superego draw attention to how dangerous this mental state is.