bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Korzyści osiągane przez nabywców finalnych dzięki współdziałaniu z oferentami w kontekście kraju ich pochodzenia
Authors: Baruk Agnieszka Izabela
Published: November 2023

Celem artykułu było zidentyfikowanie hierarchii korzyści osiąganych przez nabywców finalnych dzięki współdziałaniu z oferentami oraz określenie znaczenia preferowanego kraju ich pochodzenia dla tej hierarchii. Na podstawie wyników przeglądu literatury stwierdzono istnienie luki poznawczej i luki badawczej w tym zakresie. Dążąc do wypełnienia odkrytych luk, sformułowano trzy hipotezy badawcze. Ich sprawdzenie wymagało przeprowadzenia badań empirycznych. Miały one charakter ogólnopolski. Objęto nimi 1196 pełnoletnich reprezentantów polskich nabywców finalnych. Zebrane dane pierwotne poddano analizie ilościowej. Jej wyniki pozwoliły na sformułowanie m.in. następujących wniosków: 1/ dla respondentów największe znaczenie miały korzyści prowadzące do zwiększenia ich potencjału intelektualnego oraz relacyjnego, jak również możliwość uzyskania oferty lepiej odpowiadającej oczekiwaniom; 2/ dla większości respondentów kraj pochodzenia oferenta nie miał znaczenia, jeśli chodzi o gotowość do podejmowania wspólnych działań; 3/ znacznie większa część respondentów preferowała podejmowanie wspólnych działań wraz z oferentami z Polski niż z oferentami z innych krajów; 4/ istnieją zależności statystycznie istotne pomiędzy 8 z 13 analizowanych korzyści, a preferencjami związanymi z krajem pochodzenia oferenta. Wnioski te mają istotną wartość poznawczą i aplikacyjną.
Dojrzałość procesowa producentów oraz dystrybutorów energii elektrycznej i ciepła systemowego w Polsce
Authors: Szewczyk Paweł
Published: November 2023

Celem artykułu jest określenie poziomu dojrzałości procesowej w organizacjach zajmujących się produkcją oraz dystrybucją energii elektrycznej i ciepła systemowego w Polsce, a następnie sformułowanie wniosków dla wspomnianych sektorów wynikających z przeprowadzonego badania. Rosnąca dynamika zmian rynkowych, postępująca cyfryzacja i digitalizacja, coraz większe oczekiwania i mobilność klientów, wszystko to powoduje, że przedsiębiorstwa stają przed wyzwaniem uelastycznienia swoich struktur, aby móc na bieżąco dostosowywać się do zmieniającego się otoczenia i dostarczać swoim klientom najwyższy poziom produktów oraz usług. Żeby to zrobić, coraz więcej przedsiębiorstw decyduje się na wdrożenie elementów zarządzania procesowego, charakteryzującego się elastycznością i koncentracją na dostarczaniu wartości dla klienta. Sytuacja ta powoduje, że podejście procesowe do zarządzania staje się coraz bardziej powszechne, a zainteresowanie tą koncepcją rośnie. Autor w pierwszej kolejności uzasadnia wybór tematyki rozprawy, a następnie przedstawia tematykę dojrzałości procesowej w świetle badań literatury przedmiotu. W dalszej kolejności omawiana jest przyjęta metoda badawcza, w tym omawiany jest dobór próby i rodzaje stosowanych testów w analizie statystycznej. Następnie szczegółowo przedstawione są wyniki badań, które pozwoliły na sformułowanie wniosków dotyczących dojrzałości procesowej producentów i dystrybutorów energii elektrycznej oraz ciepła systemowego w Polsce oraz korelacji pomiędzy wybranymi cechami organizacji a poziomem dojrzałości procesowej.
Relationship between Sustainable Human Resources Management and Employee Engagement in Creative Professions on the Example of Architects
Authors: Lulewicz-Sas Agata , Kinowska Hanna , Kononiuk Anna , Doniec Kamila
Published: November 2023

There is a research gap in studies on the impact of sustainable human resource management on creative industries employee engagement. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of sustainable human resource management (HRM) on creative industries employee engagement using the professional group of architects as an example. The objective of this research was to examine how sustainable human resource management affects employee engagement in creative industries, focusing on architects as a representative professional group. The study provided valuable insights that can orient future research efforts and inform practical implications in the field of sustainable HRM. The quantitative study of 345 architects was conducted to test the relationship between the application of sustainable HRM practices in the workplace and the professional engagement perceived by employees. The research carried out confirms the validity of verifying the relationship between the variables studied. The study reveals that sustainable HRM practices, such as promoting ethical behaviour and diversity, offering work flexibility, providing fair remuneration practices and supporting pro-environmental attitudes, have a positive impact on work engagement among architects and that it is beneficial to develop these attitudes in a conscious manner in order to obtain better results and higher job satisfaction among employees in the creative industries.
On a new approach in the space of measurable functions
Authors: Aral Ali
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we present a new modulus of continuity for locally integrable function spaces which is effected by the natural structure of the L_{p} space. After basic properties of it are expressed, we provide a quantitative type theorem for the rate of convergence of convolution type integral operators and iterates of them. Moreover, we state their global smoothness preservation property including the new modulus of continuity. Finally, the obtained results are performed to the Gauss-Weierstrass operators.
The state of the global financial architecture: current trends and prospects for reform
Authors: U. P Bratchuk
Published: November 2023

Methods. The methodological basis of the research is a system of general scientific and specific methods, in particular, the method of logical analysis made it possible to build the logic of the research; the method of comparison – to assess the key parameters of the global financial architecture; analysis and synthesis – to generalize research results, the deduction method – to single out individual factors affecting the state of the modern world financial architecture. The graphic method made it possible to visualize the obtained research results. Results. The article is devoted to defining the trends of the world financial architecture. The structure of the modern world financial architecture, which includes global, regional and national levels, has been formed. The main problems of the global financial system have been identified, such as: the emergence of «bubbles» in some of its segments; increased volatility of international capital flows; volatility of exchange rates, etc. A list of global indicators influencing the global financial architecture has been determined. The need to reform the world financial architecture as a result of the global economic crisis of 2008–2009 is substantiated. The main directions of reforming the world financial architecture are identified: global financial management; banking sector; over-the-counter derivatives market and fight against offshore jurisdictions. New risks were identified, which caused the need to develop new mechanisms for reforming the global financial architecture at the end of 2018 – the beginning of 2020, the threat of new crises in countries with markets based on the principle of the «contagion effect». The impact of the pandemic on the world stock market was studied through the dynamics of the FTSE, Dow Jones Industrial Average and Nikkei indices. The article substantiates that an important aspect of the current state of the global financial architecture is the wide implementation of FinTech innovations. It has been proven that the war situation in Ukraine definitely affects the state of the financial architecture due to the strengthening of global inflation and the tightening of monetary policy by Ukraine's partner countries. Novelty. The originality and value of the research lies in the formation of a methodology for diagnosing the state of the world financial architecture. The main trends in the functioning of the world financial architecture have been determined. The importance of FinTech for achieving progressive changes in the global financial system and the development of the global financial architecture is determined. Practical value. There is substantiated the practical role of certain factors, which made it possible to determine the trends of the current state of the world financial architecture, which will become an analytical basis for assessing the degree of development of the financial architecture of the countries of the world.
Economic assessment of the influence of weather conditions on the dynamics of energy consumption of a mining and processing plant
Authors: D. V Kochura
Published: November 2023

Methods includes experimental studies of the spectral density of electrical active power consumed by the mining and processing plant in winter and summer, its analysis and economic evaluation of the dynamics of energy consumption and electricity costs, which are determined by the operation of the mining and processing plant enterprise. Results are an economic-mathematical model of the dependence between the dynamics of energy consumption and the costs of electricity consumed by the mining and processing plant and determined by the operation of the mining transport complex, crushing and beneficiation factory. Novelty consists in establishing the dependence of the value of the dynamic component of electrical energy, which is determined by the work of individual divisions of the mining and processing plant, on the rhythmicity of its work in different weather conditions. Practical value of the work consists in the development of a method of economic evaluation of the efficiency of each unit of the mining and processing plant, namely the mining transport complex, crushing and beneficiation factories, with the aim of reducing electricity costs by improving the dynamics of energy consumption.
Penyuluhan Sanitasi Bersih dalam Upaya Mewujudkan Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) di Kelurahan Serua Depok
Authors: Widiastutie Sophiana , Juned Mansur , Darmastuti Shanti , Manurung Steven Montesquieu , Shaliha Shiella Najwa
Published: November 2023

This service activity aims is to increase the knowledge and awareness of community members regarding the importance of clean sanitation in an effort to realize Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Kelurahan Serua, Bojongsari, Depok. The method of implementing this service uses counselling with partners is Tim Pokja Sehat Kelurahan Serua, Bojongsari, Depok. The evaluation instrument for this service uses Pre-test and Post-Test evaluations and is analyzed descriptively. The results of this service show that participants' knowledge and awareness has increased regarding the importance of clean sanitation including waste management, clean water, healthy latrines, and correct waste management. So, it is hoped that the result of this service can have an impact on the realization of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Protein Requirement Changes According to the Treatment Application in Neurocritical Patients
Authors: Kim Jungook , Shim Youngbo , Choo Yoon-Hee , Kim Hye Seon , Kim Young ran , Ha Eun Jin
Published: November 2023

Objective : Exploring protein requirements for critically ill patients has become prominent. On the other hand, considering the significant impact of coma therapy and targeted temperature management (TTM) on the brain as well as systemic metabolisms, protein requirements may plausibly be changed by treatment application. However, there is currently no research on protein requirements following the application of these treatments. Therefore, the aim of this study is to elucidate changes in patients’ protein requirements during the application of TTM and coma therapy.Methods : This study is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from March 2019 to May 2022. Among the patients admitted to the intensive care unit, those receiving coma therapy and TTM were included. The patient’s treatment period was divided into two phases (phase 1, application and maintenance of coma therapy and TTM; phase 2, tapering and cessation of treatment). In assessing protein requirements, the urine urea nitrogen (UUN) method was employed to estimate the nitrogen balance, offering insight into protein utilization within the body. The patient’s protein requirement for each phase was defined as the amount of protein required to achieve a nitrogen balance within ±5, based on the 24-hour collection of UUN. Changes in protein requirements between phases were analyzed.Results : Out of 195 patients, 107 patients with a total of 214 UUN values were included. The mean protein requirement for the entire treatment period was 1.84±0.62 g/kg/day, which is higher than the generally recommended protein supply of 1.2 g/kg/day. As the treatment was tapered, there was a statistically significant increase in the protein requirement from 1.49±0.42 to 2.18±0.60 in phase 2 (p<0.001).Conclusion : Our study revealed a total average protein requirement of 1.84±0.62 g during the treatment period, which falls within the upper range of the preexisting guidelines. Nevertheless, a notable deviation emerged when analyzing the treatment application period separately. Hence, it is recommended to incorporate considerations for the type and timing of treatment, extending beyond the current guideline, which solely accounts for the severity by disease.
Understanding of Postpartum Depression; Mini Literature Review
Authors: Boateng Silda , Mitchell Abigail
Published: November 2023

The transition to motherhood is a life-changing event that can be stressful, influencing a woman’s mental health and well-being. Postpartum depression (PPD) is a mental health concern affecting mothers, infants, and fathers from diverse backgrounds. Fifty to sixty percent of new mothers experience initial sadness and postpartum blues due to hormonal changes. Prenatal nurses often overlook PPD during postnatal visits due to a lack of knowledge and decreased self- efficacy when assessing and educating mothers about PPD. This is a mini systematic literature review.
Oversight on Revision of US CDC Opioid Guidelines: A Process Pre- Destined to Fail
Authors: Lawhern Richard A
Published: November 2023

In December 2019, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced their intention to review and revise their 2016 Guideline on Prescription of Opioids to Adults. As part of this revision, CDC solicited nominations for an advisory “Opioid Workgroup” to report to the Board of Scientific Counselors of the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. This paper offers a critical review of concerns identified in the final Workgroup report of July 2021, as contrasted against the revised and expanded guidelines published 16 months later in November 2022. The author finds that although the Workgroup was tasked to identify substantive issues, its input to the CDC was largely marginalized or ignored in the revised guidelines. The workgroup also failed to reach consensus on central issues of methodology, which should disqualify the CDC guidelines as a de factor standard of clinical practice. Arguably, the CDC should be removed from all further participation in development of public policy for the treatment of severe pain.
Memaknai Persaingan Usaha Yang Berkeadilan Dan Menyejahterakan Dalam Perspektif Keadilan Sosial
Authors: Al Kautsar Izzy
Published: November 2023

Tulisan ini bermaksud untuk menyamakan menyelaraskan dan menganalisis konsepsi pemikiran tentang gagasan persaingan usaha yang berkeadilan dan menyejahterakan, berupaya untuk menemukan hakikat persaingan usaha yang berlandaskan keadilan sosial, serta memberikan sumbangsih teoritik bagi keberlakuan hukum persaingan usaha terkhusus memberikan tawaran praktis bagi komisi pengawas persaingan usaha. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dan perundang-undangan. Hasil dari penelitian didapatkan bahwa paradigma persaingan usaha yang berkeadilan dan menyejahterakan terlihat dalam nuansa persaingan secara harmonis dan ideal untuk mempertahankan prinsip keadilan persaingan, efisiensi, dan kesejahteraan seluruh komponen pasar. Hakikat keadilan sosial dalam persaingan terletak pada tujuannya untuk menciptakan sistem pasar yang adil dan seimbang bagi seluruh lapisan masyarakat.
Paternal heat exposure affects progeny larval development in green-lipped mussels Perna canaliculus
Authors: Kozal LC , Hofmann GE , Hawes NA , Ragg NLC
Published: November 2023

The green-lipped musselPerna canaliculusis critically important to the New Zealand aquaculture industry. However, the rise in marine heatwave (MHW) events poses an emerging threat to this industry through summer mortality events. This study investigated the potential for paternally mediated transgenerational plasticity to improve offspring performance under heat stress. We simulated a week-long MHW event, exposing maleP. canaliculusbroodstock to elevated (22°C) or ambient (17.5°C) temperatures immediately prior to spawning, and evaluated the effects of paternal heat exposure on successful development, size and acute thermal tolerance of their larvae that were also reared under ambient or elevated (20°C) temperatures through to completion of the lecithotrophic trochophore stage. Elevated paternal and larval temperatures both increased incidence of abnormal development, reducing larval yield, while initial D-veliger shell length was predominantly influenced by developmental temperature, with longer shells formed at 20°C. Veligers from heat-exposed fathers raised under 20°C showed a small, but significant, elevation in lethal tolerance 50 (LT50), the temperature at which 50% of the larvae are predicted to die, when exposed to an additional 1 h heat-shock. These results indicate that paternal heat exposure over a relatively short period can influence offspring performance in this species. The paternal exposure investigated showed limited positive effects on offspring thermal tolerance, which may be outweighed by the negative impact on larval development. As MHWs are forecasted to continue accelerating, understanding transgenerational effects of heat stress will be critical for maintaining high-quality hatchery yields through broodstock selection and may inform wild population forecasting models.
Spatial Analysis of Game Damage in the Settlement of Cserénfa at the Kaposvár Forestry of SEFAG
Authors: Barna Róbert , Horváthné Kovács Bernadett , Király Martin , Turnai Zsófia
Published: November 2023

Reducing game damage is the essential interest of both farmers and hunters. A former paper on statistical analysis of game damage is complemented with spatial analysis in the recent paper. Authors examined the forest cover at Kaposvár Forestry of SEFAG, and also the location, the topography, the land cover of Cserénfa, and their relationship with the location of the game damage events. The maps clearly show that in the forested, hilly Zselic landscape, the island-like agricultural areas are inherently exposed to game damage. Only 3.77% of the total area of the Kaposvár Forestry is located further than 300 m distance of the forest, in Cserénfa, this is only 1.59%. Considering the topography of Cserénfa, it was found that only 39% of the agricultural area has a slope of less than 5%. Due to the steep slopes and the exposure to game damage, an alternative form of farming is proposed.
The Link Between Return and Risk in the Case of Bitcoin
Authors: Gulyás Rebeka , Sipiczki Zoltán , Gál Veronika Alexandra
Published: November 2023

Over time, cryptocurrencies have experienced a widespread adoption, with bitcoin emerging as the most prominent example. In an increasingly uncertain world, the significance of possessing a stable store of value, traditionally fulfilled by gold, has escalated. Bitcoin has been often referred to as a digital equivalent of gold. Hence, this study primarily focuses on analyzing the price dynamics of this particular cryptocurrency. A comprehensive literature review will be employed to examine the regulatory obstacles encountered within the cryptocurrency market. Additionally, considering the contentious nature of this field, special attention will be devoted to the clash of perspectives surrounding this innovation. Subsequently, concentrating on the period 2016-2021, this paper will investigate the factors that define a risk-weighted investment, utilizing the Sharpe ratio and Sortino ratio. However, there has been significant volatility in the price of Bitcoin in 2020-2021, and our research fills a gap in the relationship between Bitcoin returns and risk in the post-2016 period. Overall, the analysis concludes that bitcoin exhibits highly turbulent investment characteristics. Despite its substantial price appreciation, the findings indicate that bitcoin displays significant volatility. Consequently, selecting this investment alternative entails considerable risks. Based on our results, there were years between 2016-2021 when bitcoin was a good investment, but in most cases its returns were associated with excessive volatility and risk. For this reason, it is not recommended for risk-averse rational investors.
Colorectalis adenocarcinomás beteg B-RAF-inhibitorral történő kezelése során fellépő akut tubulointerstitialis nephritis
Authors: Paksicza Lilla , Dobi Deján , Takács Veronika , Mészáros Edina , Tokodi Zsófia , Deák György
Published: November 2023

– Az onkológiai célzott biológiai kezelések bővülésével, az életkilátások javulásával egyre gyakrabban kell számolni a tumorellenes szerek vesére gyakorolt hosszú és rövid távú hatásaival, amelyek nagyban befolyásolják a betegek mortalitását, valamint a későbbiekben alkalmazható onkológiai kezelési lehetőségeket is. A B-RAF-inhibitorokat széles körben alkalmazzák, elsősorban a melanoma malignum, valamint colorectalis eredetű daganatos betegségek esetében. Colorectalis adenocarcinoma miatt másodvonalban B-RAF- (v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B) és EGFR- (epidermal growth factor) inhibitorral kezelt fiatal beteg esetét ismertetjük, akinél a kezelés során heveny veseelégtelenség lépett fel, hemodialízis-kezelés vált szükségessé. Vesebiopszia során akut tubulointerstitialis nephritis igazolódott, amelynek hátterében a B-RAF-inhibitor nephrotoxicus hatását feltételeztük, szteroidkezelést kezdtünk. A beteget a malignus betegség gyors progressziója miatt elvesztettük.
The main mechanisms of environmentalization of the agricultural production
Authors: Havryliuk L. , Beznosko I. , Kichigina O.
Published: November 2023

Solving the issues of environmentalization of agricultural production is an extremely important task in a scientific and applied sense, namely: providing the population with food, preventing crop losses from harmful objects, and protecting the environment from excessive chemical loading. Accordingly, an alternative solution in overcoming the negative consequences of chemicalization of agricultural production and improving the quality of seed products is the use of environmentally safe plant protection measures. An important component of technologies for growing various crops is their protection against phytopathogenic microorganisms. After all, in the agrocenoses of agricultural crops, there is an accumulation of an infectious background of phytopathogenic micromycetes, among which species of the genera Penicillium, Aspergillus, Alternaria, and Fusarium predominate, which can cause outbreaks of many plant diseases (root rot, Alternaria, Fusarium, Phytophthora, Anthracnose, Cercosporosis). Phytotoxic metabolites of necrotrophic phytopathogenic fungi, which are able to accumulate in soil, seeds and plant residues, deserve special attention. Mycotoxins lead to a decrease in the yield and quality of grain, as well as the quality of food products, which negatively affects their ecological safety, and can cause poisoning of humans and animals.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТИ МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПРИЗНАКОВ НЕЙРОКРАНИУМА В МУЖСКОЙ ВЫБОРКЕ СЕРИИ ЧЕРЕПОВ XI–XVI ВЕКОВ С ТЕРРИТОРИИ БЕЛОРУССКОГО ПОДВИНЬЯ И ПОНЕМАНЬЯ
Authors: Памазанов Николай
Published: November 2023

Работа посвящена изучению изменчивости формы черепа во времени как одной из актуальных проблем физической антропологии. Материалом исследования послужили краниометрические данные мужской выборки серии черепов XI–XVI вв. с территории Подвинья и Понеманья Беларуси общей численностью 73 единицы. Черепа были сгруппированы в терри-ториальную выборку белорусских поречий Немана и Западной Двины для приближения морфологической характеристики данной выборки к популя-ционной и для исключения влияния среднеевропейской антропологической зоны. Общая выборка черепов была разделена на две группы: XI–XIII и XIV–XVI вв. на основе археологического датирования. В анализе приме-нялись морфологические признаки, отражающие изменчивость размеров, пропорций и формы черепа. С использованием корреляционного анализа и одномерной статистики изучались как внутригрупповые связи структурных элементов мозгового отдела черепа, так и межгрупповая вариабельность признаков в связи с изменчивостью его формы во времени.Анализ выявил многократное увеличение количества и силы связей структурных элементов нейрокраниума в мезокранной группе XIV–XVI вв. по сравнению с долихокранной группой XI–XIII вв. Увеличение среднего значения черепного указателя в более поздней группе обусловлено пере-распределением частот встречаемости краниотипов – снижением частоты встречаемости долихокранов и увеличением частоты встречаемости брахи-кранов. На среднем групповом уровне при постоянстве вместимости чере-па уменьшение его длины и горизонтальной окружности при сохранении ширины компенсируется увеличением высоты и поперечной дуги свода че-репа. Преобразования затронули и геометрию лобной и затылочной костей в сагиттальной плоскости. Черепа XIV–XVI вв. по сравнению с черепами XI–XIII вв. имеют относительно более прямой лоб и уплощенный затылок.
ХРОНОЛОГИЯ РАННИХ HOMO SAPIENS ЕВРАЗИИ: ПОЛЕМИЧЕСКИЕ ЗАМЕТКИ
Authors: Кузьмин Ярослав
Published: November 2023

В жанре полемических заметок освещаются вопросы хронологии Homo sapiens в пределах Евразии. Особое внимание уделяется сложным (иногда – противоречивым) случаям, когда неверное определение возраста H. sapiens может оказать существенное влияние на картину появления ирасселения по обширной территории Евразии первых представителей H.sapiens в позднем плейстоцене (последние 110–130 тысяч лет). Отмечается,что в отсутствие прямого определения древности находок H. sapiensнеобходимо с осторожностью относиться к таким возрастным оценкам,поскольку неоднократно было показано, что даты по сопутствующему (какэто предполагается) материалу не соответствуют реальной хронологиикостей и зубов H. sapiens.
ПАЛЕОДЕМОГРАФИЯ ГОРОДА ЛИПЕЦКА XVIII В. ПО ДАННЫМ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ БЫВШЕГО ДМИТРОВСКОГО НЕКРОПОЛЯ
Authors: Боруцкая Светлана , Васильев Сергей
Published: November 2023

Было проведено палеодемографическое исследование Дмитровского некрополя города Липецка XVIII в. Выявлено два пика смертности в груп-пе: в возрастных интервалах 0–5 лет и 35–40 лет. Пик смертности взрослых мужчин приходился на возрастной интервал 40–45 лет, женщин – на 35–40 лет. Средняя продолжительность жизни в группе была невысока и составила 27 лет. Процент детской смертности оказался очень высоким – 34,04%. Та-ким образом, треть населения Липецка XVIII в. умирала в детском возрасте. В целом финальная возрастная когорта (50+ лет) непредставительна. Всего 7,44% людей города доживали до 50 лет. В группе было ненормальное соот-ношение взрослых индивидов по полу. Мужчин было больше, чем женщин, почти в два раза. Это могло быть связано с притоком мужского населения для работы на металлургических комбинатах города Липецка в XVIII в.
ОТ МЕДИЦИНЫ К АНТРОПОЛОГИИ ЧЕРЕЗ МЕТОД ГЕРАСИМОВА
Authors: Просикова Екатерина
Published: November 2023

В 2023 г. исполняется 90 лет со дня рождения выдающегося отече-ственного ученого Б.А.Никитюка, работы которого внесли значительный вклад в развитие анатомии и физиологии человека. Интересный и нестан-дартный подход к изучению человека, получивший название «интегратив-ная антропология», сложился у исследователя благодаря глубочайшим зна-ниям одновременно в нескольких научных дисциплинах.
АНТРОПОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ЧЕРЕПА ИЗ НЕОЛИТИЧЕСКОГО ПОСЕЛЕНИЯ САЙ-САЙЕД
Authors: Кияткина Татьяна
Published: November 2023

В зоне затопления Нурекской ГЭС Нурекским археологическим отря-дом с 1966 г. ведутся систематические раскопки многослойного поселения гиссарской культуры Сай-Сайед. Оно расположено в 3 км (выше по течению Вахша) от открытого ранее памятника гиссарской культуры поселения Тут-каул и вместе они составляю единый комплекс, который позволяет судить о характерных чертах материальной культуры неолитического поселения Южного Таджикистана. Отдельные сведения о раскопках этих памятников опубликованы (Ранов, Коробкова, 1971; Кияткина, Ранов, 1971; Юсупов А.Х., 1972).
Deep electrical imaging of the extinct oceanic ridge in the southwestern sub-basin of the South China Sea
Authors: Gao Yan , Li Jianping , Li Fuyuan , Zhang Ruwei , Zhao Yunsheng , He Zhanxiang
Published: November 2023

The resistivity structure of an extinct mid-ocean ridge is significant in understanding the evolution of a mid-ocean ridge from its spreading phase to its dying phase. The magnetotelluric (MT) method is a crucial tool in studying the deep resistivity structure as it is sensitive to resistivity which is affected by heat and allows for imaging of the electrical properties of the mantle. While modern electromagnetic data has enhanced our understanding of the deep structure of rapidly expanding and ultra-slow expanding mid-ocean ridges, the deep electrical structure below extinct mid-ocean ridges has not been studied extensively.In July 2020, marine MT instruments were deployed in the southwest subbasin of the South China Sea to study the resistivity structure below a stalled mid-ocean ridge. The study found that the imaged thickness of the lithospheric lid (>100Ωm) varies between 20 and 90 km, exhibiting a positive correlation with its age. The melt ascent channel is closed below the stalled mid-ocean ridge, and the melt falls back and forms a small melt trap below the dead mid-ocean ridge. In the northwest survey line of oceanic ridge, huge low-resistivity anomalies (<1Ωm), located between 80km and 160 km depth. In the southeast survey line of oceanic ridge, there is a slightly smaller low-resistivity anomalies (<1Ωm). These results indicate that partial melt continues to exist after the cessation of spreading at the mid-ocean ridge. The lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) and the ocean basin of the South China Sea experienced a certain magmatic transformation during the cooling and falling process. According to the resistivity, temperature, pressure, and SEO3 model, the melt content is estimated to be approximately 1-12%. The electrical structure of the mantle in the South China Sea is an important basis for studying the current state beneath the ceased spreading mid-ocean ridge.
An investigation of Nitrospira bacteria in coastal wetlands of China: distribution pattern and related environmental driving factors
Authors: Zhao Qiang , Sun Dongyao , Tang Xiufeng , Hou Lijun , Liu Min , Han Ping
Published: November 2023

Nitrate is mainly converted via aerobic nitrite oxidation during the second step of nitrification, which is catalyzed by nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) and the recently discovery complete ammonia oxidizers (comammox). Members of the genus Nitrospira are the most diverse and widespread known NOB and comammox. However, the community assembly of Nitrospira in estuary and coastal wetland and the major environmental shaping factors remain understudied. Here in this study, we investigated the geographical distribution pattern of Nitrospira along the large-scale coastal wetlands of China. The results showed that the abundance of Nitrospira ranged from 4.96×106 - 3.88×107 copies/g dry sediment, significantly (more than one order of magnitude) higher than amoA gene of ammonia-oxidizers. The identified Nitrospira belong to Nitrospira lineage IV (50%), lineage I and II. The adaptability of the three lineages to environmental factors (such as temperature, pH, salinity and particle size) are different, which leads to the diversity of its distribution composition in different estuaries. Network analysis showed that the cooperation takes greater portion than competition in the relationship of Nitrospira population. This study revealed the abundance and community composition of Nitrospira bacteria, as well as the major environmental driving factors in coastal wetland ecosystems, which deepens our understanding of the niche separation of Nitrospira with the nitrogen cycling.
Feasibility of Parylene C for encapsulating piezoelectric actuators in active medical implants
Authors: Kohler Alina , Blendinger Felix , Müller Sonja , Mescheder Ulrich , Bucher Volker
Published: November 2023

Parylene C is well-known as an encapsulation material for medical implants. Within the approach of miniaturization and automatization of a bone distractor, piezoelectric actuators were encapsulated with Parylene C. The stretchability of the polymer was investigated with respect to the encapsulation functionality of piezoelectric chips. We determined a linear yield strain of 1% of approximately 12-µm-thick Parylene C foil. Parylene C encapsulation withstands the mechanical stress of a minimum of 5×105 duty cycles by continuous actuation. The experiments demonstrate that elongation of the encapsulation on piezoelectric actuators and thus the elongation of Parylene C up to 0.8 mm are feasible.
Insights on epithelial cells at the single-cell level in hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis and response to chemotherapy
Authors: Qi Wenqian , Zhang Qian
Published: November 2023

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) originates from Epithelial cells, and epithelial lineage plasticity has become a promising research direction for advancing HCC treatment. This study aims to focus on Epithelial cells to provide target insights for detecting HCC prognosis and response to drug therapy.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from GSE149614 were clustered using Seurat, and the differentiation and evolution of epithelial cells were analyzed by Monocle 2. Scissor+ and Scissor− Epithelial cells associated with the prognostic phenotypes of bulk RNA-seq of HCC were screened using the Scissor algorithm for differential analysis to screen candidate genes. Candidate genes were overlapped with prognostic related genes screened by univariate Cox regression, and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) sparse penalty was imposed on the intersection genes to construct a risk assessment system.

Results: Eight major cell subpopulations of HCC were identified, among which the proportion of epithelial cells in non-tumor liver tissues and HCC tissues was significantly different, and its proportion increased with advanced clinical stage. During the progression of HCC, the whole direction of epithelial cells differentiation trajectory was towards enhanced cell proliferation. Differential analysis between Scissor+ and Scissor− epithelial cells screened 1,265 upregulated and 191 downregulated prognostic candidate genes. Wherein, the upregulated genes were enriched in Cell processes, Genetic information processing, Metabolism and Human disease with Infection. Nevertheless, immune system related pathways took the main proportions in downregulated genes enriched pathways. There were 17 common genes between upregulated candidate genes and prognostic risk genes, of which CDC20, G6PD and PLOD2 were selected as components for constructing the risk assessment system. Risk score showed a significant correlation with tumor stage, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related pathways and 22 therapeutic drugs, and was an independent prognostic factor for HCC.

Conclusion: This study revealed the cellular composition of HCC, the differentiation evolution and functional landscape of epithelial cells in the further deterioration of HCC, and established a 3-gene risk model, which was closely related to clinical features, EMT, and drug sensitivity prediction. These findings provided insights in patient prognosis and drug therapy detection for HCC.
Centering community-based knowledge in food security response and climate resilience in southern Madagascar
Authors: Zambiazzi Emily , Carr Elizabeth , Mahazotahy Sylvain , Mahafake Charles , Dickey Chris
Published: November 2023

Objective

Increasingly unpredictable shifts in climate are triggering public health crises globally. Southern Madagascar is particularly vulnerable to climate impacts, despite contributing to only 0.2% of global emissions. Though endemic in Madagascar, climate impacts such as below average rainfall have increased the severity of droughts, putting over half of the population in southern regions at risk of being food insecure in 2022. The following review examines: How can interventions surrounding the current food emergency in southern Madagascar center community-based knowledge in their strategies? Through a social-ecological approach, this review aims to holistically discuss the complexity of the climate and food crises in this region, which is a topic that has not been widely covered in published review articles thus far.

Methods

We took a comprehensive and social-ecological approach by analyzing research pertaining to the impacts of colonial history, politics, economy, and culture on the current climate, ecology, and food systems of southern Madagascar.

Main findings

Many current strategies to mitigate climate impacts and food security fail to incorporate community-based knowledge, leading to inequitable and ineffective interventions. Researchers who prioritize historical and cultural context illustrate how local knowledge may serve as a protective factor against climate impacts.

Conclusions

As climate shifts exacerbate public health crises, aid organizations must center community perspectives in their interventions to foster equitable and sustainable outcomes.
Advancing food safety risk assessment in China: development of new approach methodologies (NAMs)
Authors: Yang Daoyuan , Yang Hui , Shi Miaoying , Jia Xudong , Sui Haixia , Liu Zhaoping , Wu Yongning
Published: November 2023

Novel techniques and methodologies are being developed to advance food safety risk assessment into the next-generation. Considering the shortcomings of traditional animal testing, new approach methodologies (NAMs) will be the main tools for the next-generation risk assessment (NGRA), using non-animal methodologies such as in vitro and in silico approaches. The United States Environmental Protection Agency and the European Food Safety Authority have established work plans to encourage the development and application of NAMs in NGRA. Currently, NAMs are more commonly used in research than in regulatory risk assessment. China is also developing NAMs for NGRA but without a comprehensive review of the current work. This review summarizes major NAM-related research articles from China and highlights the China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment (CFSA) as the primary institution leading the implementation of NAMs in NGRA in China. The projects of CFSA on NAMs such as the Food Toxicology Program and the strategies for implementing NAMs in NGRA are outlined. Key issues and recommendations, such as discipline development and team building, are also presented to promote NAMs development in China and worldwide.
Accuracy of Instrument Portal Placement Using a Custom-Made 3D-Printed Aiming Device versus Free Hand Technique in Canine Elbow Arthroscopy
Authors: Trębacz Piotr , Frymus Jan , Barteczko Anna , Pawlik Mateusz , Kurkowska Aleksandra , Czopowicz Michał
Published: November 2023

While the insertion of the arthroscope into the elbow joint is relatively easy based on anatomical landmarks, obtaining a correctly located instrument portal is often difficult. Therefore, the goal of the study was to create a 3D-printed prototype of an aiming device for the guiding needle, and to check its feasibility. The study included fresh cadavers of 15 dogs, 9 males and 6 females, aged from 1 to 6 years (median 4 years) with body weight from 17 to 57 kg (median 30 kg). On each dog, we compared the number of attempts needed to obtain optimal direction of the guiding needle for the portal, using one elbow the prototype, and performing this as control on the opposite joint without the prototype (with a free hand). The number of attempts needed was significantly lower using the prototype (median 1) than on the control elbows (median 2, p = 0.009). The number of attempts was not correlated with the body weight neither in the case of experimental (Rs = 0.18, p = 0.532) nor control elbows (Rs = 0.13, p = 0.642). We conclude that the used prototype seems to be helpful in elbow joint arthroscopy.
Application of Portable CH4 Detector Based on TDLAS Technology in Natural Gas Purification Plant
Authors: Liu Yi , Shang Qianqian , Chen Lang , Wang Erxiao , Huang Xinyu , Pang Xiaobing , Lu Youhao , Zhou Lei , Zhou Jue , Wang Zhiwen , Lyu Yan
Published: November 2023

Methane (CH4) is the main pollutant in oil and gas production. The detection and accounting of CH4 is an important issue in the process of greenhouse gas control and emission reduction in oil and gas industry. In this study, a portable CH4 detector based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) technology was deployed. The three-dimensional distribution of CH4 in a natural gas purification plant in Sichuan was obtained through vertical unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flight observations and ground mobile observations. According to the mass balance method, the emission of CH4 on 30 m above ground level (AGL) and 60 m AGL in this site was about 0.012 kg/s (±42% at 1σ) and 0.034 kg/s (±47% at 1σ), respectively, in one day. The vertical distribution showed that the CH4 concentration reached the maximum (2.75 ± 0.19 ppm) with height of 0 to 100 m AGL. The CH4 concentration from 100 to 300 m AGL showed a downward trend with height. Atmospheric instability at high altitude and high wind speed promoted the diffusion of CH4. The CH4 concentrations of horizontal distribution on 30 m AGL and 60 m AGL were 2.48 ± 0.11 ppm and 2.76 ± 0.34 ppm. In the observation of mobile campaigns, the connecting equipment of natural gas treatment facilities was prone to leakage, such as in valves and flanges. CH4 leakage was also detected at the torch mouth, especially when there was an open flame at the torch mouth. During the mobile movement investigation, the downwind measurement (OTM-33A) was applied to determine the overall CH4 emission rate shortly after patrolling the site. This work plays a vital role in optimizing the operation and maintenance of natural gas production stations pipe network, ensuring human safety and minimizing greenhouse gas emissions.
The Association between Compound Hot Extremes and Mortality Risk in Shandong Province, China: A Time-Series Analysis
Authors: Xing Yue , Liu Danru , Hu Kejia , Lu Zilong , Chu Jie , Xu Xiaohui , Lu Peng , Wang Haitao , Cao Yanwen , Zhao Qi , Fornah Lovel , Guo Xiaolei , Ma Jixiang , Ma Wei
Published: November 2023

Background: The occurrence of compound hot extreme (CHE) events in China is increasingly frequent. This study aimed to investigate the association between CHEs and all-cause mortality in Shandong Province and to estimate the attributable excess deaths. Methods: We collected daily data on weather, air pollution, and all-cause mortality at the subdistrict level in Shandong Province from 2013 to 2018. A CHE was defined as both daily maximum and minimum temperatures being higher than their historical 90th percentiles during 2013–2018 hot seasons. A case time-series analysis with a distributed lagged non-linear model was applied to analyze the subdistrict-specific association between different hot extremes and mortality risk, which were then pooled at the province level using meta-analysis. Results: Hot nights (RR = 1.44, 95%CI: 1.35–1.53) and CHEs (RR = 1.77, 95%CI: 1.64–1.90) were significantly associated with an increased mortality risk. CHEs had a greater effect for females (RR = 1.99, 95%CI: 1.81–2.19) and the elderly (>74 years) (RR = 2.14, 95%CI: 1.93–2.38) than their counterparts, respectively. Cardiovascular and respiratory deaths were more susceptible to CHEs than other deaths. Each year, 4888 (95%CI: 4133–5811) excess deaths in Shandong Province were attributable to CHEs, accounting for 2.60% (95%CI: 2.20–3.10%) of all-cause deaths and equating to 50 (95%CI: 42–58) deaths per 1,000,000 residents. The CHE-related mortality burden varied across subdistricts, with the highest occurring in the southeastern area and the lowest occurring in the northeastern and southwestern regions. Conclusion: CHEs and hot nights were substantially associated with excess deaths in Shandong Province, especially for females, the elderly, and residents living in the southeastern area. Our findings may facilitate the development of a heat alert warning system and preventive measures for vulnerable populations.
Micro-Sized MoS6@15%Li7P3S11 Composite Enables Stable All-Solid-State Battery with High Capacity
Authors: Chang Mingyuan , Yang Mengli , Xie Wenrui , Tian Fuli , Liu Gaozhan , Cui Ping , Wu Tao , Yao Xiayin
Published: November 2023

All-solid-state lithium batteries without any liquid organic electrolytes can realize high energy density while eliminating flammability issues. Active materials with high specific capacity and favorable interfacial contact within the cathode layer are crucial to the realization of good electrochemical performance. Herein, we report a high-capacity polysulfide cathode material, MoS6@15%Li7P3S11, with a particle size of 1–4 μm. The MoS6 exhibited an impressive initial specific capacity of 913.9 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1. When coupled with the Li7P3S11 electrolyte coating layer, the resultant MoS6@15%Li7P3S11 composite showed improved interfacial contact and an optimized ionic diffusivity range from 10−12–10−11 cm2 s−1 to 10−11–10−10 cm2 s−1. The Li/Li6PS5Cl/MoS6@15%Li7P3S11 all-solid-state lithium battery delivered ultra-high initial and reversible specific capacities of 1083.8 mAh g−1 and 851.5 mAh g−1, respectively, at a current density of 0.1 A g−1 within 1.0–3.0 V. Even under 1 A g−1, the battery maintained a reversible specific capacity of 400 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles. This work outlines a promising cathode material with intimate interfacial contact and superior ionic transport kinetics within the cathode layer as well as high specific capacity for use in all-solid-state lithium batteries.