bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Virtual Exhibitions as a Tool for Promoting the Book Heritage of Tomsk State University Research Library in the Digital Space
Authors: Konev K. A.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this article is to present the experience of the Department of Rare Books and Manuscripts of the Research Library of Tomsk State University in selecting a platform for virtual exhibitions and creating them. An overview of previous virtual exhibitions created with the participation of the department employees is provided, and a working algorithm for preparing them is outlined. Chosen by the library staff as a tool (the Tilda website builder) and the long read format allows to create an electronic resource based on a written narrative (biography, event description, etc.), including visual materials, multimedia, background information, and links to additional resources. This allows the authors of virtual exhibitions to provide detailed information about the subject, as well as various digitized or online resources hosted in the Electronic Library of Tomsk State University or the “PRO Siberia” platform.
Preservation and Promotion of the National Book Heritage in the Practice of Libraries
Authors: Borodina S. D. , Mansurova A. R. , Maslova Yu. V.
Published: December 2024

The article describes some aspects of libraries work to promote the national book heritage. It examines the book culture as a special phenomenon that ensures preservation of intellectual and spiritual traditions of the past and determines their adaptation to the system of modern communications, since the book was highly appreciated at all times and among all peoples as a monument of spiritual and material culture. It also presents promising areas of innovative methods for promoting the book heritage, including digital technologies, which are currently among the priority areas of activity of many social and cultural institutions.

The purpose of the article is to review some library practices for organizing work with book monuments, describe the form and present promising areas for promoting book heritage in domestic libraries, including using digital technologies, which are currently among the priority areas of many social and cultural institutions. The article also bases on the materials provided by the National Library of the Republic of Tatarstan (NL RT). The National Library has the Department of Manuscripts and Rare Books including the sector of Tatar and Oriental Literature with a group of the Consolidated Catalog of Tatar Books (1722–1917) and the sector of Russian and World Literature. This specialized department carries out scientific processing of publications and work to ensure safety of rare and especially valuable documents, including handwritten and old-printed Tatar and oriental books in Arabic script, ancient Russian books, editions of national and local history literature.

In order to promote the unique book heritage, the Department of Manuscripts and Rare Books forms special collections of manuscripts, rare books, periodicals, albums and other written and printed documents, conducts studies in the field of the national book history, as well as scientific, methodological and publishing activities.
G. A. Vereshchagin at the Head of the Leningrad Military Library of the Workers and Peasants' Red Army (to the 140th Anniversary of his Birth)
Authors: Petrova N. Yu.
Published: December 2024

In 2024, we meet the 140th anniversary of birth of Grigory Alexandrovich Vereshchagin, the head of the Leningrad Military Library of the Workers and Peasants’ Red Army (RKKA), which today bears the name “Information Historical and Scientific Center – Military Historical Library of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation”.

The biography of G. A. Vereshchagin, who headed the Library from 1924 to 1934, actually preserved it in the difficult post-revolutionary years and strengthened its position as one of the central libraries of the Military Department, was not previously been the subject of special study. The purpose of the article is to present, based on the results of the reconstruction of G. A. Vereshchagin’s life and professional path, his contribution to the formation and development of the Library in the Soviet period of national history.

As a result of the analysis of a wide source base, previously unknown facts of G. A. Vereshchagin’s life related to his studies, military service, and activities as the head of the Leningrad Military Library of the Red Army were established.

Some aspects of the history of the Library headed by him were revealed: dates and procedure for its reorganizations in 1924-1932, sources of replenishment of collections, the most important of which were the State Book Stock and the Obligatory Copy of military literature, which entered the Library in 1925-1930. It is shown that the main activities of G. A. Vereshchagin as the director of the Library were: the formation of library collections, the organization of work on the creation of alphabetical and systematic catalogs, the development of the classification scheme of the Military Department of the Library.

For the first time, archival documents related to G. A. Vereshchagin’s life and work are introduced into the scientific circulation, the history of his ex-libris creation is revealed.
Comunidad, conflicto armado y globalización
Authors: Álvarez Marco Polo
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo reflexiona sobre los procesos identitarios de la comunidad de Guadalupe Victoria, Guatemala, la cual se funda en 1999 por cien familias mayas de las etnias mam, popti y jacalteca, quienes también fueron refugiados de guerra en Guatemala. Es importante subrayar que su identidad étnica maya los ha mantenido como subordinados en los diferentes escenarios histórico–políticos caracterizados por la imposición de ordenamientos sociales, políticos, culturales y económicos de origen occidental.
Mario Bunge, un pensador centenario
Authors: Hernández Márquez Víctor Manuel
Published: December 2024

Mario Bunge es un pensador latinoamerica- no singular. Físico de profesión, su posición en el mundo académico ha sido, la mayor parte de su vida, como profesor de filosofía en McGill University, Canadá. Alcanzó notoriedad en el mundo occidental con la publicación de su libro Causality.The Place of the Principle of Causality in Modern Science en 1959.
The Challenges of Civil Society for Peace Organization CAP in Strengthening Civil Society In Southern Thailand
Authors: Budiman Novi , Abu Hafeez , Deswita Deswita
Published: December 2024

This study aims to describe the challenges of the Civil Society Assembly for Peace (CAP) in strengthening civil Society in realizing Peace in southern Thailand. The method used in this research is descriptive-analytic qualitative. This study uses two sources of data, particularly primary data obtained through interviews with informants related to the problem under study and secondary data from documents, books, articles, journals, and other sources to support this research. The results showed that the purpose of the Civil Society Assembly for Peace (CAP) to unite the direction of the struggle of community organizations in realizing Peace in Southern Thailand has led to significant results. This has been proven since it was founded in 2020; as many as 27 civil society organizations have joined the civil society assembly for Peace (CAP). This Organization has received full support from various elements of the minority Muslim community in Southern Thailand. On the other hand, the Thai government considers this Organization a threat that can disrupt national political stability. Various endeavors to confine the movement of this Organization were accomplished by the Thai government in multiple ways, both in the form of physical (arrest) and non-physical actions (limiting cooperation with various organizations outside Thailand).
Trends in Retraction of Orthopaedic Research Articles
Authors: Guirguis Paul G. , Punreddy Ankit , Botros Mina , Raiford Mattie , Humphrey Catherine , Gorczyca John , Ketz John
Published: December 2024

Background:

Despite the use of in-depth peer-review processes, there occasionally are issues with published manuscripts that require retraction. The purpose of the present study was to explore the reasons for the retraction of orthopaedic research articles, with consideration of the journal impact factor and the orthopaedic subspecialty.

Methods:

In 2023, a database search was conducted for retracted papers written in the English language in the orthopaedic literature. The initial search yielded 3,147 results. These papers were screened by 3 independent reviewers, and 207 studies were jointly identified as retracted orthopaedic research articles. We collected data regarding the reasons for retraction, the date of publication, the date of retraction, the orthopaedic subspecialty, the impact factor of the journal, the countries of research origin, and the study design.

Results:

Of the 207 retracted articles, 104 (50.2%) were clinical science studies and 103 (49.8%) were basic science studies. The reasons for retraction were plagiarism (n = 39), intrinsic errors (n = 33), duplication (n = 30), fraud (n = 25), manipulation of the peer-review process (n = 20), no reason given (n = 18), no approval from an ethics board (n = 17), author’s choice (n = 9), data ownership and/or copyright issue (n = 9), and other (n = 7). The journal impact factors ranged from 0.17 to 9.80, with a median of 2.90. The mean time from publication to retraction across all of the studies was 32.1 months (standard deviation = 37.3 months; n = 201).

Conclusions:

An analysis of orthopaedic research revealed that the majority of retractions of articles were due to plagiarism, study errors, or duplicated material; retractions occurred internationally and across a wide range of journals.
ANALISIS POTENSI LISTRIK DENGAN PEMANFAATAN PANAS LIMBAH BRINE DENGAN ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE (ORC) DI SUMUR X LAPANGAN PANAS BUMI SORIK MARAPI
Authors: Melysa Richa , Padilah Yenni , Anwar Irwan , Wardianto Dedi , Afdal Afdal
Published: December 2024

Panas sisa brine yang ada di Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Panas Bumi (PLTP) berpotensi dimanfaatkan untuk membangkitkan tenaga listrik karena masih memiliki temperatur dan tekanan yang cukup tinggi. cara pemanfaatan panas sisa brine adalah dengan menggunakan Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) yang bisa digunakan untuk pemanfaatan panas pada temperatur rendah. Metode Parameter yang utama diukur ialah tekanan dan temperatur pada sirkulasi fluida kerja, sirkulasi air panas (brine), dan sirkulasi air pendingin. Sistem ORC menggunakan komponen evaporator sebagai pengganti sistem generator atau boiler di siklus rankine. Sistem ORC memanfaatkan sumber panas dengan temperature rendah seperti panas buang Internal Combustion Engine, panas matahari, biomassa serta brine dari pembangkit panas bumi. Pada temperatur rendah, fluida organik memiliki efesiensi siklus yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan air. niali laju massa pada penelitian ini sebesar 13.63 kg/s. dimana kerja turbin sebesar 328.07 Kw dan laju perpindahan panas kondensor sebesar 113.40 kj/s. Kerja pompa sebesar 311.8544 Kw. Dan laju perpindahan panas pada evaporator yang efesiensinya 4.93 % dimana panas yang diserap evaporator sebesar 129.6213 kj/s.
Community Empowerment Through Asset-Based Tourism Development: A Case Study Of Romokalisari Adventure Land, Surabaya
Authors: Fatin Afifah Dina , Tamrin M. Husni , Arieffiani Deasy , Wahyudi Agus
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach in managing Romokalisari Adventure Land, a natural tourist destination operated by low-income communities (MBR) in Surabaya City. A qualitative method was employed, with data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings indicate that while the Asset-Based principle has been effectively applied through the empowerment of Paguyuban ALR in managing tickets and micro-business stalls, challenges such as workforce retention and income disparities between micro-business operators and attractions remain significant barriers. The application of the Internally Focused principle allows communities to manage their assets independently; however, economic inequalities and unresponsive ticket pricing policies negatively impact community welfare. Furthermore, the relationship between the Department of Food Security and Agriculture (DKPP) and Paguyuban ALR has not been optimal in strategic decision-making. The main findings suggest that the success of the ABCD approach heavily relies on enhanced communication, clear SOP formulation, and ongoing training support
Revisiting KH Muafi Ali Zaini's Legacy: 'Modernization' of Islamic Boarding School in Sampang
Authors: Madani Mohammad Thoyyib , Rufaida Rifki , Zenrif Fauzan , Barizi Ahmad , Zainuddin Zainuddin
Published: December 2024

This study explores the transformation of Islamic boarding school education, focusing on two key aspects: revitalization and modernization. Revitalization involves renewing educational programs to enhance their effectiveness, while modernization refers to evolving the Islamic education system to improve its quality. The research aims to analyze the historical leadership of Kyai Muafi Zaini in these movements, assess community responses to the changes, and evaluate the outcomes for alumni and the broader community. Utilizing qualitative historical research methods heuristic data collection, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography the study verifies data through credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability checks. Findings reveal that Kyai Muafi Zaini, a prominent figure born in 1947 and deceased in 2006, played a significant role in revitalizing and modernizing Islamic boarding school education, particularly in Sampang Regency. He was a charismatic leader who established several formal educational institutions, including MTs Nazhatut Thullab and SMA Nazhatut Thullab. Through these institutions, he implemented significant transformation efforts that not only contributed to the improvement of community welfare but also played a crucial role in changing the local perception of education in Sampang. Zaini's contributions were pivotal in enhancing the quality of education in the region, as well as in shifting the negative stigma traditionally associated with Islamic education. His vision and dedication fostered a learning environment that encouraged academic excellence and personal growth. His legacy as a committed scholar and influential community leader continues to inspire and shape the educational landscape, ensuring that future generations benefit from the foundation he helped create.
Kiai Nur Iman’s Heritage: Reading the Sunny Muthalib on The Soul Purification
Authors: Hadi Imawan Dzulkifli
Published: December 2024

Kyai Nur Iman was one of the great scholars who was influential in the spread of Islam in Java in the 18th-19th century AD. As the son of King Amangkurat IV, Kyai Nur Iman prefers to dedicate his life to teaching the Islamic religion and teaching the concepts of soul purification to society. One of his works examines the purification of the soul entitled the book al-Sunni al-Muthalib. This book is still in the form of a manuscript stored in Pesantren Salimiyah Mlangi in Yogyakarta. This manuscript needs to be scholarly examined because it was written by a 19th century AD scholar who tried to combine two sciences, namely the science of Arabic (nahwu); arabic grammar, and the science of tasawwuf; moral sciene.  This study aims to reveal the concept of soul purification explained by Kyai Nur Iman in the manuscriptal-Sunni al-Muttalib. This research method is qualitative research using literature review with historical analysis to explain the concept of soul purification according to Kyai Nur Iman then explains the biography of Kyai Nur Iman. The results of this research explain that the concept of tazkiyah nafs according to Kyai Nur Iman in the book Asna al-mathalib starts with knowing Allah, knowing Rasulullah SAW, and getting to know things that can purify the soul such us repentance, inabah, asceticism, tawakkal, tafwidl, happy and sincere  and defile it such us namimah, ghibah, greed, riya', sum'ah, arrogant, ujub, wicked, exposing others' shame, immorality, blasphemy, and wishful thinking.
Kafaah and Marriage in Jahily and Early Islam (Studies in the History of Islamic Law)
Authors: Muzakki Ahmad , Roibin Roibin , Muhammad Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Knowing the background to the emergence of a law, the reasons for establishing a sharia law and the history of the formation of the law is an important thing to study.The purpose of this study is to provide readers with an understanding that the application of kafaah in marriage has a long history starting from the Arab Jahiliyah era to the era of the madzhab scholars.This research is in the form of library research, where the tasyri` date books and Islamic history books are the main materials for data exploration. The results of this study indicate thatLineage played a central role in marriage in pre-Islamic Jahiliyya Arab society. In the highly tribal and family-oriented society of Jahiliyya Arab society, lineage was a determinant of social status, protection, political alliances, and inheritance rights.The arrival of the Prophet Muhammad with the religion of Islam brought significant changes in the views of Arab society towards kafaah nasab. Islamic teachings emphasize equality among all human beings before God, thus shifting the focus from nasab as the main factor in marriage to be more inclusive, emphasizing other aspects such as religion and morality. The arrival of the Prophet Muhammad with the religion of Islam brought significant changes in the Arab community's view of kafaah nasab. Islam still maintains kafaah, but with more humane criteria. Kafaah is a tradition that existed before Islam and was continued by Islam. Islamic teachings emphasize equality among all human beings before God, thus shifting the focus from nasab as the main factor in marriage to be more inclusive, emphasizing other aspects such as religion and morality. Subsequent developments during the time of the ulama' madzhab kafaah emerged as a logical necessity of the existing legal rules of marriage, balancing the arguments for the benefit of marriage and the principle of egalitarianism in response to the social conditions in each region and the evolving legal logic.
Accurate Identification of Primary Site in Tumors of Unknown Origin (TUO) Using DNA Methylation
Authors: SANTANA-SANTOS LUCAS , Duckett Drew , Vortmittag-Nocito Erica , Jamshidi Pouya , Sukhanova Madina , Parker Stephanie , Brat Daniel , Jennings Lawrence
Published: December 2024

Tumors of unknown origin (TUO) generally result in poor patient survival and are clinically difficult to address. Identification of the site of origin in TUO patients is paramount to their improved treatment and survival but is difficult to obtain with current methods. Here, we develop a random forest machine learning TUO methylation classifier using a large number of primary and metastatic tumor samples. Our classifier achieves high accuracy in primary site identification when applied to both publicly available and internal validation samples, with 97% of samples classified correctly and 85% receiving high probability scores (≥0.9). Moreover, by employing pathologist expertise and t-SNE visualization, the TUO classifier can assign samples to 46 different sites of origin/disease classes. This strategy also revealed multiple classes of yet unknown significance for future exploration. Overall, the presented TUO classifier represents a significant step forward in the diagnosis of TUO tumors.
LR-DETR: A Transformer-Enhanced Framework for Real-Time River Object Detection
Authors: Zhang Chong , Yue Jie , Fu Jianglong , Wu Shouluan
Published: December 2024

The Detection Transformer (DETR) and the YOLO series have been at the forefront of advancements in object detection. The RT-DETR, a member of the DETR family, has notably addressed the speed limitations of its predecessors through a high-performance hybrid encoder that optimizes query selection. Building upon this foundation, we introduce the LR-DETR, a lightweight evolution of RT-DETR for river floating objects detection. This model incorporates the Advanced Screening Feature Path Aggregation Network (HS-PAN) to refine feature fusion via a novel Down-Top fusion path, significantly enhancing its expressive power. Further innovation is evident in the introduction of the Remainder Convolutional Network (RPCN) as the backbone, which selectively applies convolutions to key channels, leveraging the concept of residuals to reduce computational redundancy and enhance accuracy. The enhancement of the RepBlock with Conv3XCBlock, along with the integration of a parameter-free attention mechanism within the convolutional layers, underscores our commitment to efficiency, ensuring that the model prioritizes valuable information while suppressing redundancy. A comparative analysis with existing detection models not only validates the effectiveness of our approach but also highlights its superiority and adaptability. Our experimental findings are compelling: the LR-DETR achieves a 5% increase in mean Average Precision (mAP) at 0.5, a 25.8% reduction in parameter count, and a 22.8% decrease in GFLOPs compared to the RT-DETR algorithm. These improvements are particularly pronounced in the re-al-time detection of river floating objects, showcasing LR-DETR's potential in specific environmental monitoring scenarios.
A Novel Natural Fibers-Based Bio-Composite Prepared From Silk Fibroin and Luffa Cylindrica
Authors: EGE Gözde KONUK , AKAY Özge , SALTIK Derya , YÜCE Hüseyin
Published: December 2024

Herein, the novel bio-based co-polymer was synthesized using only natural fibers by way of co-dissolving cellulose extracted from luffa cylindrica (LC) and silk fibroin (SF) in formic acid in different weight ratios (3SF/1LC, 2SF/2LC, and 1SF/3LC). The prepared bio-composite films were investigated by vibrational, structural, thermally, and wettability with Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and water contact angle (WCA). The results of the FT-IR test reveal that the changing and shifting of peak intensities in spectroscopy of bio-composite films are evidence of the forming of new chemical bonds between luffa cellulose and silk fibroins. XRD results show that silk fibroin enhances the crystallinity of bio-composite specimens. In addition, thermogravimetric analysis demonstrates that increasing the cellulose ratio in bio-composite films extends their thermal stability of. The glass transition value provided by the DSC test proves that the flexibility of hybrid bio-composite films increases as the ratio of luffa increases. As a final analysis, WCA states that when blended with luffa and silk fibroin, although both are hydrophilic, the hybrid bio-composite films display hydrophobic properties, and also LC increase enhances this behaviour against water.
Allometry of molar size and cranial length in relation to the body weight of mammalian insectivores
Authors: Gingerich Philip D. , Smith B. Holly
Published: December 2024

Allometric relationships of body-part measurements permit structural comparison in terms of major-axis slopes and intercepts. They also enable least-squares prediction of one measure from another. Insectivorous mammals have long been divided into two phenetic groups: (a) dilambdodonts, including Erinaceidae, Soricidae, Talpidae, Macroscelididae and Tupaiidae, with a w-shaped ectoloph on upper molars; and (b) zalambdodonts, including Chrysochloridae, Potomogalidae, Tenrecidae and Solenodontidae, which have simpler v-shaped shearing crests on upper molars. Dilambdodonts have relatively large upper and lower molars (M1 and M1) for their body size, and first molar sizes that are highly correlated with body weight. The allometric coefficients for dilambdodont molar area and dilambdodont cranial length are slightly but significantly less than expected for a simple geometric relationship to a volume (body weight). High correlations mean molar size can be used to predict body weight in extinct dilambdodonts. Zalambdodonts have upper and lower molars that are generally smaller and more variable in relation to body size than those of dilambdodonts. Lower correlations mean zalambdodont molar size is less reliable for weight prediction. Cranial length is highly correlated with body weight in both groups, and hence a good predictor of weight.
Accounting for systemic effects of anaerobic digestion development on farmers’ practices: implications for environmental assessment
Authors: Cadiou Jeanne , Meynard Jean-Marc , Pierre-Marie Aubert
Published: December 2024

On-farm biogas production has been increasingly developing in Europe since the beginning of the twentieth century, mainly supported by energy policies. However, biogas production brings new challenges in agriculture, and it is difficult to draw clear conclusions on its agri-environmental effects from the current scientific literature. Current studies focus on one or more of the agri-environmental effects of on-farm biogas development (mainly greenhouse gas balance, carbon storage, and nitrogen losses), assuming that the farming system as a whole remains unchanged, but they rarely investigate how the performance of biogas relates to indirect changes in farm practices and activities.
To better understand the changes in farm practices linked to biogas production, we surveyed 23 biogas farmers corresponding to 19 different on-farm biogas units in two areas of northeast France. We aimed to cover a diversity of configurations (e.g., of farm activities, installed biogas capacity, number of biogas farmers per project, and energy recovery methods) to capture a diversity of farm functioning. We analyzed these qualitative data by looking for recurring examples of changes in practices (or lack thereof) and drivers of the identified changes.
Our results show various changes in practices and drivers of change resulting in a much more diverse range of environmental impacts than those generally assessed in the literature. This diversity of impacts depends on both the farm characteristics and the different organizations of farm activities that biogas farmers can develop. Here we show that the necessary conditions to attain the best environmental balance are not always met, contrary to the common assumptions in the biogas assessment literature. On-farm biogas sustainability research must better consider the dynamics of farming systems and the agency of farmers in on-farm biogas development.
Employee Retention in High-End Vietnamese Hotels: The Synergy of GHRM, KS, and MF, Mediated by an IC
Authors: Giao Linh Le Phuong , Pham Van Kien
Published: December 2024

This study examines the impact of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) on Employee Retention (ER) in the high-end hotel sector of Vietnam, with a focus on the mediating role of Innovative Climate (IC), Knowledge Sharing (KS), and Mindfulness (MF). While the environmental benefits of GHRM are well-established, its influence on employee-related outcomes, particularly in emerging markets like Vietnam, has received limited attention. This research addresses this gap by analyzing data from 298 employees in 4- and 5-star hotels using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that GHRM practices significantly enhance employee retention, especially when mediated by IC, which fosters a culture of innovation and sustainability. Additionally, KS and MF strengthen the relationship between GHRM and ER by promoting collaboration, creativity, and well-being. These results offer valuable insights for luxury hotels seeking to integrate sustainable HRM strategies, improve employee loyalty, and address high turnover rates in the competitive hospitality industry. This research contributes to the GHRM literature by providing a deeper understanding of how IC mediates the relationship between GHRM and ER, filling a critical gap in the context of Vietnam’s growing hotel sector.
Chitosan micro/nanobubbles: novel chemical structure and characterization
Authors: Elbana Elsayda , Elzayat Asmaa M. , Abdelrazek E. M. , Abou-Saleh Radwa H.
Published: December 2024

Microbubbles (MBs) are gaining increased interest in biomedical applications. MBs size typically range from 0.1 to 10 µm and formed with different shells such as (lipid, polymer, protein, and surfactant). The shell encapsulates a gaseous core containing gases such as oxygen, sulfur hexafluoride SF6, or perfluorocarbons. MBs have a range of medical applications, such as medical imaging, drug delivery, and gas delivery. Freeze-drying of MBs have been used by different groups to help reconstitute them at the point of care. This would become advantageous for better control of the encapsulated drug and gas, MB concentration, and protocols of administration and would also allow off-site production at lower cost. In this study, we developed a protocol to use chitosan and glycerol to produce Chitosan-coated MBs with SF6 as the gas core at high concentration and stability. Moreover, freeze drying has been used to change the gas core to oxygen to enhance the benefits of using these MBs. The idea is to be able to produce oxygen MBs with better stability to enhance the chemotherapy and radiotherapy effect on cancerous cells by relieving hypoxia and increasing the cell sensitivity. We used different characterization techniques for our systems to demonstrate that we have developed a novel CS shell for micro/nanobubbles as shell with SF6 as core at low cost. We obtained not only MBs with mean diameter 3.57 ± 0.71µm but also nanobubbles with 55 ± 37nm diameter with a surface positive charge and high concentration of 1.02x1012 MBs/ml. Moreover, freeze-drying was used to change the gas core to oxygen producing MBs with mean diameter 1 ± 0.7 µm and concentration of 6.5 × 108 MBs/ml.
A corallimorpharian barren in southwestern Kochi, Japan
Authors: Reimer James Davis , Gösser Fabian , Kondo Kenta , De Palmas Stephane , Yamaguchi Daito , Beger Maria , Sommer Brigitte , Chong Fiona , Burke Camille , Paul Ayaka Umeda , Lock James , Mezaki Takuma
Published: December 2024

In shallow water zooxanthellate coral communities, large aggregations of benthic groups other than scleractinians have been occasionally noted, and sometimes linked with various disturbances. Here we report on a large aggregation of a corallimorpharian, Rhodactis sp., at a site off Himeshima Island, Kochi, Japan from surveys in July 2023 and August 2024. The overall area reached approximately 2100 m2 in 2024, with corallimorpharians accounting for approximately 70% of all benthic coverage. No such aggregation was noted in similar surveys in July 2016. While the cause of this aggregation formation is not known, it is possible that unusually cold winter seawater temperatures in 2018-19 may have caused favorable conditions for Rhodactis, given that benthic space was available. Regardless of the cause, this is among the first reported corallimorpharian outbreaks in Japan, and we recommend continued monitoring of this site.
Joint Physical Custody and Children’s Physical and Mental Health
Authors: Riser Quentin
Published: December 2024

Background
This study examines the effects of joint physical custody (JPC) on the physical and mental health of children following divorce, using comprehensive survey data from Wisconsin.
Objective
The study seeks to understand the impact of custody arrangements on children's health outcomes post- divorce. Prior research has suggested potential benefits of JPC, but there is a need for more robust analysis to control for selection biases and other confounding factors.
Method
Employing robust probit regression models and Inverse Probability Weighting (IPW) to control for selection biases, the study uses descriptive statistics and multivariate models to analyze survey data from Wisconsin.
Results
The findings reveal that children in JPC arrangements exhibit significantly better mental health outcomes compared to those in sole custody. Specifically, 79.8% of children in JPC reported good mental health versus 67.9% in sole custody. Multivariate probit and IPW models corroborated these results. High-quality co-parenting relationships, more prevalent in JPC scenarios, were not clearly linked to these improved outcomes.
Conclusions
The study underscores the importance of nuanced policy approaches that consider individual family contexts and parental relationship quality. The findings raise questions concerning the need for interventions like co-parenting workshops to promote effective communication and collaboration between divorced parents. Further research is recommended to explore the long-term effects of custody arrangements on children's well-being and to inform evidence-based policy decisions. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of how JPC and co-parenting quality influence children's mental and physical health post-divorce.
Biostimulant potential of three chlorophyta and their consortium: application on tomato seeds
Authors: Mollo Lorenzo , Norici Alessandra
Published: December 2024

Microalgae offer a promising solution for enhancing agricultural sustainability and mitigating global warming. When extracts from algal cells and their spent medium are used as biostimulants on crop seeds, they can significantly influence plant physiology. This application boosts plant productivity and improves tolerance to abiotic stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biostimulant potential of crude extracts from Tetradesmus obliquus, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Auxenochlorella protothecoides, and their consortium, as well as the potential of their spent growth media, when applied to tomato seeds (Solanum lycopersicum). The study assessed germination indexes and seed development, including weight, root/shoot ratio, and growth speed. The results indicated that the variation in the morphology of the treated seeds was primarily influenced by the concentration of the extracts, with the algal species having a lesser impact on the observed variability. The number of germinated seeds was notably higher at the lowest concentration of biostimulants. Additionally, the algal extracts exhibited greater biostimulant potential than the spent media. Furthermore, the analysis of growth speed revealed that most treated seedlings grew significantly faster than the control seeds. Lastly, the study reported a lower biostimulant potential of the algal consortium compared to the single species, possibly due to the co-cultivation of different species.
TIMELESS as a Prognostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Meng Xiangrong , sun Qi , Liu Zhongshuang , Cao Shenqi , Xu Chunyang , Wu Yan , Zhang Wenjing , Di Longjiang
Published: December 2024

Background
Gastric cancer, a prevalent malignancy, exhibits intricate etiological and pathological characteristics. Recent insights into the dysregulation of clock genes offer novel avenues for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. Methods: This study leveraged machine learning, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), immune infiltration analysis, survival prognosis analysis, drug sensitivity analysis, and in vitro experiments to elucidate the role of core clock genes in gastric cancer. Results: By integrating TCGA, GEO datasets, and NCBI database, we identified 29 differentially expressed clock genes. Utilization of four machine learning algorithms revealed TIMELESS and BHLHE41 as critical genes, with TIMELESS (AUC, 0.802) showing enhanced diagnostic potential for GC. High levels of TIMELESS expression in gastric cancer were associated with poor tumor prognosis and immune cell infiltration. We identified a targeted interaction between TIMELESS and the pyroptosis-related molecule CASP8, suggesting their collaborative involvement in gastric cancer pathogenesis. Moreover, Bortezomib was found to be a potential targeted therapy for TIMELESS in gastric cancer. Conclusion: TIMELESS emerges as a significant biomarker and therapeutic target in gastric cancer, with considerable implications for patient prognosis and treatment.
Integrating Phenomenon-Based Learning and GIS to Improve Geo-Literacy and Student Engagement: An Action Research Approach
Authors: Meechandee Sutthiphong , Meekaew Nattapon
Published: December 2024

Despite the individual merits of Phenomenon-Based Learning (PhenoBL) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in improving geographic comprehension, limited research exists on their combined impact in secondary geography teaching, particularly in the Thai educational context. This study investigated the integration of PhenoBL and GIS to enhance student engagement and geo-literacy among 30 Grade 8 students in Thailand through an action research design with three iterative cycles over eight weeks. The intervention, focusing on urbanization and environmental sustainability, utilized Google Maps as a GIS tool for spatial analysis. Data collection included geo-literacy tests, student engagement surveys, and classroom observations, analyzed through paired t-tests and Pearson correlation analyses. Results demonstrated significant improvements in geo-literacy scores (from 59.5–72.5%, p < 0.01) and increases across all engagement dimensions (behavioral, emotional, and cognitive). Correlation analyses revealed a significant positive relationship between emotional engagement and geo-literacy improvement (r = 0.309, p < 0.05), while behavioral and cognitive engagement showed no significant correlations with geo-literacy gains. This suggests that emotional connection to learning activities may play a particularly important role in geographic understanding. Qualitative observations documented students’ progressive development of independence and confidence in using GIS tools. These findings provide valuable insights for educators and policymakers implementing technology-enhanced, inquiry-based learning models in geography education, while highlighting the importance of nurturing students' emotional engagement alongside structured support in GIS integration.
Ocular Health Status of Health Workers in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Asimadu Ifeoma , Okeke Suhanyah
Published: December 2024

Purpose
To determine the ocular health status of the workers in the hospital, identify the ocular morbidities among them, identify the group (clinical or non-clinical) that are more affected and make treatment recommendations and follow-up.
Methods
It was a cross-sectional study of hospital workers. Free eye screening was done in the hospital using a structured questionnaire and a comprehensive eye examination.
Results
627 staff, 261(41.63%) clinical and 366(58.37%) non-clinical. Males 183(29.2%) and females, 444(70.8%). Age range: 22–73 years. Mean age: 40.625 ± 9.29 years. 544(86.8%) had normal vision with visual acuity, 6/6–6/12. Visual impairment was 9.1% mild, 3.2% moderate and 1.0% blind. Ocular pathologies were glaucoma, cataract, refractive error, allergic eye disease, pterygium, presbyopia, ocular hypertension and dry eye syndrome. Cataract and other ocular conditions were significantly more in non-clinical staff; (Cataract(p = 0.036) and other ocular conditions (p = 0.001). Glaucoma and refractive errors had no significant association with the category of staff. Glaucoma suspect was significantly associated with sex (P = 0.005) while Cataract was significantly associated with age (p = 0.00) and clinical status (p = 0.036). Refractive errors and others were significantly associated with clinical status (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Pathologies were easily detected via routine eye examination. Non clinical staff were affected more. Health workers had ocular morbidity but were unaware. Regular examination will aid in early detection and prompt treatment for optimum eye health and service delivery.
Pump-locked random lasers using artificial intelligence
Authors: Zhai Tianrui , Tong Junhua , Shi Xiaoyu , Xu Zhiyang , Iqbal Naeem , Ge Kun
Published: December 2024

Random lasing in complex disordered systems demonstrates efficient lasing across multiple localized modes. Accurate control of these modes could enable random lasers to function as fast-switching, multifunctional light sources. In this work, an unpredictable random laser was prepared and artificial intelligence (AI) technology was used for taming the lasing action. Lasing modes were precisely controlled by programming the spatial shape of the pump profile. Genetic algorithms were introduced, allowing any mode within the complex system to be extracted by setting a target value associated with that mode. Based on experimental results, the interaction model of pumping cells with lasing modes was locked. This work advances programmable random lasers, enhancing their potential for practical applications in signal processing, spectral sensing, communication, and optical computing.
Environmental Income: A "Safety Net" or a "Stumbling Block" in the Governance of Relative Poverty?
Authors: Yuan Bin , Yang Jingyi , Huang Jinpeng , Li Shengsheng
Published: December 2024

"Relying on Mountains and Seas," environmental income has long been an important source of income for low-income groups, yet its role in the governance of relative poverty remains unclear. Based on data from fixed rural observation points, this study exploratively examines the role of environmental income in the process of addressing relative poverty. Research indicates that environmental income can improve the poverty situation of rural residents while alleviating internal income inequality. Compared to households with low risk of falling back into poverty, those with high risk receive lower amounts of environmental income; however, the share of this income in their total income is relatively higher, indicating that high-risk households are more reliant on environmental income. Moreover, environmental income also helps reduce the incidence, intensity, and depth of poverty among rural residents. In terms of relative poverty status, environmental income significantly alleviates the relative poverty conditions of rural households, with these conclusions holding true even after various robustness checks. Further research reveals that when faced with health-related shocks or temporary income disruptions, the share of environmental income among rural households significantly increases, effectively mitigating the liquidity constraints imposed by such shocks, thereby acting as a "safety net" for rural residents. In light of these findings, it is essential to recognize the role of environmental income in alleviating income inequality, preventing relapses into poverty, and reducing relative poverty during future efforts to harmonize ecological conservation with poverty alleviation, ensuring that low-income groups can enjoy "ecological meals" while firmly holding onto their "green bowls."
Robust Magnetoelectric Backscatter Communication System for Bioelectronic Implants
Authors: Robinson Jacob , ALRASHDAN FATIMA , Woods Joshua , Chen Ellie , Tan Wendy , Yu Zhanghao , Wang Wei , John Mathews , Jaworski Lukas , Bernard Drew , Post Allison , Moctezuma-Ramirez Angel , Elgalad Abdelmotagaly , Yang Kaiyuan , Razavi Mehdi
Published: December 2024

Wireless communication technologies for bioelectronic implants enable remote monitoring for diagnosis and adaptive therapeutic intervention without the constraints of wired connections. However, wireless data uplink from millimeter-scale devices deep in the body struggles to achieve low power consumption while maintaining large misalignment tolerances. Here, we report a passive wireless backscatter communication system based on magnetoelectric transducers that consumes less than 0.3 pJ/bit and achieves less than 1E-6 bit error rate at a distance of 55 mm while tolerating a misalignment of 10 mm. Using this robust data uplink, we designed a wireless cardiac sensing node that can transmit electrocardiogram signals from the beating heart surface of a porcine model to a custom external transceiver using the magnetoelectric backscatter uplink. This reliable, near-zero-power communication method provides opportunities for next-generation bioelectronics to feature real-time physiological monitoring and closed-loop therapies while maintaining a small form factor and low power consumption.
The Mediating Role of the Big Five Personality Traits in the Relationship between Self-Efficacy and Depressive Symptoms among College Students
Authors: Yang Yu , Mou Zhen , Zhang Lingling , Ma Shurong , Zhao Zhenxiong
Published: December 2024

Background
College students are at increased risk of depression. While previous studies have highlighted the link between self-efficacy and mental health, especially concerning depressive symptoms, the potential mediating role of the Big Five personality traits in this relationship remains underexplored. This study aims to examine the relationships among self-efficacy, the Big Five personality traits, and depressive symptoms through a mediation model.
Methods
This cross-sectional study utilized a multi-stage stratified random sampling method to survey residents across 23 provinces in China, ultimately enrolling 1,193 college students aged 19–25. Measures included the PHQ-9 to assess depressive symptoms, the BFI-10 to evaluate personality traits, and the NGSES for self-efficacy. Hierarchical regression, random forest regression, mediation analyses, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were conducted using R software.
Results
The prevalence of depressive symptoms among college students was 21.8%. Neuroticism (P < 0.001) was a positive predictor of depressive symptoms, while agreeableness (P < 0.001) and conscientiousness (P < 0.001) were negative predictors. And, agreeableness [Effect = -0.028, 95% CI (-0.045, -0.014)], conscientiousness [Effect = -0.043, 95% CI (-0.067, -0.023)], and neuroticism [Effect = -0.048, 95% CI (-0.070, -0.029)] significantly mediated the relationship between self-efficacy and depressive symptoms. Additionally, A potential nonlinear relationship (P for nonlinearity < 0.001) was identified between self-efficacy and depressive symptoms.
Conclusions
Self-efficacy and personality traits, particularly high neuroticism and low agreeableness and conscientiousness, are significant factors influencing depressive symptoms among college students. Interventions that target these traits and cultivate self-efficacy may be beneficial for enhancing mental health among adolescents during this critical developmental period.
Population dynamics and conservation strategies for Echinocactus platyacanthus: A data- driven approach to protecting an endemic species
Authors: Vázquez-Díaz Erasmo , Campos Huitzimengari , García-Nava José Rodolfo , Peña-Valdivia Cecilia Beatriz , Uscanga-Mortera Ebandro , Ybarra-Moncada Ma. Carmen
Published: December 2024

Echinocactus platyacanthus, an endemic and threatened species in Mexico, faces population declines due to overexploitation and habitat disturbance. To inform conservation strategies, we studied the population dynamics of six populations distributed across Central Mexico using demographic data and Integral Projection Models (IPMs). Our results showed considerable variation in asymptotic growth rates (λ) across populations and years (ranging from 0.9753 to 1.0842), highlighting local differences in population performance. Elasticity analyses revealed that survival-growth kernel had the greatest contribution to population persistence (96.6–99.7%), while the fertility kernel played a minimal role (0.3–3.4%). We emphasize the need for conservation efforts to focus on protecting medium to large individuals, which contribute significantly to population growth and stability. Limited seedling recruitment suggests that measures aimed at enhancing juvenile survival and reducing predation could improve population recovery. Our findings underscore the importance of tailored local conservation strategies to safeguard this species’ long-term viability.